bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commentary on Article 1080 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Tololaeva N.V.
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes doctrine and judicial practice of applying Article 1080 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on the joint tortfeasors, specifically on the scope of this rule, and suggests some options for interpreting it.
S.N. Bratus’s Concept of Subjective Right as a Turning Point in the Development of Russian Civil Law
Authors: Tretyakov S.V.
Published: December 2023

The paper is a theoretical reconstruction of the Russian prominent civil law scholar Sergei N. Bratus conception of subjective right, which is still regarded as dominant within the Russian-speaking legal doctrine. Theoretical sources and the evolution of the Bratus conception have been analysed. Theoretical prerequisites and rhetorical technique of the partial identification of subjective right and legal permission (which is the key point of the Bratus conception) have been figured out. The Bratus conception of subjective right with all its considerable strength and weakness has an enduring effect and had a framing effect on the Russian-speaking legal doctrine. Keywords: subjective right; legal capacity; legal power; will; legal permission; claimright.
Protection of Information Rights of the Creditors in the Insolvency Proceedings
Authors: Shaidullin A.I.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with relationships between the insolvency trustee and creditors in the insolvency case about the duty of insolvency trustee to provide information about the financial and economic activities of the debtor at the request of the creditors. The author considers the main difficulties associated with the possibility of obtaining timely and complete information by creditors on the financial and economic activities of the debtor in the insolvency proceedings, and formulates proposals aimed at improving legislation in this area. Keywords: insolvency; information rights of the creditors; insolvency trustee; creditors meeting.
Silence as a Contractual Expression of Will
Authors: Maltsev D.A. , Lugovskoi I.K.
Published: December 2023

The paper is focused on the phenomenon of silence in private law. The authors analyze the application of the rules on silence by foreign courts and provide the classification of cases in which juristic consequences are attributed to silence. The analysis of explanations of juristic qualification of silence in German doctrine of transaction is also given. The theory of normative expression of will, the theory of breach of “duty” to take reasonable care for another’s safety and the “visibility of law” theory are discussed in relation to silence. Keywords: transaction; silence; tacit expression of will; normative expression of will; “visibility of law”; Manigk; Canaris.
STATUS OF INDICATORS OF PROTEO- AND FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN THE LUNGS OF RATS WITH DIABETES COMPLICATED BY ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION OF THE BRAIN IN THE DYNAMICS OF ITS COURSE
Authors: Tkachuk S.S. , Hryniuk M.I. , Tkachuk O.V.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the work – to investigate the state of proteo- and fibrinolytic activity inthe lungs of rats with type 2 diabetes and under the conditions of its complication by acutecerebral blood circulation in the basin of the carotid arteries.Materials and methods. In rats with four-month-old type 2 diabetes was simulatedbilateral carotid ischemia for 20 min. In lung homogenates, indicators of proteo- andfibrinolytic activity were determined after 1 hour from the beginning of reperfusion andon the 12th day of the postischemic period.The results. In the lungs of rats without diabetes after 20-minute ischemia with one-hourreperfusion, indicators of proteolytic and fibrinolytic activity decrease; on the 12th dayof the postischemic period, the reversion of the reaction to ischemia occurs – during thisperiod, the studied indicators exceed the control values. In rats with diabetes, higherrates of lysis of low- and high-molecular- weight proteins and a lower rate of collagenlysis were found than in animals of the control group. Ischemia- reperfusion of the brainagainst the background of diabetes mellitus reduces the lysis of high molecular weightproteins in the lungs and does not affect the rest of the investigated indicators of proteoand fibrinolytic activity in both periods of observation.Conclusions. 1. Diabetes mellitus increases the lysis of low- and high-molecular proteinsand reduces the lysis of collagen in the lungs of rats. 2. In contrast to rats of the controlgroup, in rats with diabetes, the response of proteo- and fibrinolytic indicators in the lungsto acute circulatory disturbance in the carotid arteries basin is limited by a decrease inthe lysis of high-molecular weight proteins in both periods of observation.
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL AND PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE OF PROFESSOR MYSLYTSKY VALENTYN FRANTSOVYCH (TO HIS 85TH BIRTHDAY)
Authors: Gerush Ig.V. , Khodorovskyy V.M. , Tkachuk S.S. , Masikevych Yu.G.
Published: December 2023

The article provides basic information about the creative path in science, pedagogy andfundamental medicine of the famous scientist, head of the department of pathophysiologyof Bukovinian State Medical University, dean of medical faculties No. 1 and No. 2, doctorof biological sciences, professor Valentyn Frantsovych Myslytsky. Valentyn Frantsovych’screative path, from the time he graduated from the Chernivtsi State Medical Institute to hisuntimely death, was indissolubly linked with his native Alma mater, where he fruitfully workedfrom 1969 to 1921. Myslytsky V. F. made a significant contribution to the development ofdomestic pathophysiology, continued the work started by his teacher Professor KirshenblatYa.D. the scientific direction of neuroendocrinology, having given it a new direction, leftbehind a powerful scientific school (9 candidates of medical sciences). His inspired work isworthy of imitation, and grateful students carry the baton of their Master with honor.
Comparative bioinformatics analysis of antimicrobial resistance gene pool in the genomes of representatives of genus Corynebacterium
Authors: Kulshan TA , Bugaeva IO , Soboleva EF , Allyanova MS , Popov DA , Shvidenko IG
Published: December 2023

Currently, multidrug resistance of bacterial infectious agents poses a serious threat to the global public health. The following Corynebacterium strains are of special importance for infections, including hospital-acquired ones: C. amycolatum, C. urealyticum, C. striatum, C. jeikeium, C. aurimucosum, C. genitalium that are resistant to the broad spectrum of antimicrobial drugs. The study was aimed to conduct bioinformatics analysis of the pool of antimicrobial resistance genes in the published genomes of some members of the genus Corynebacterium. The data on the whole genome nucleotide sequences of 22 Corynebacterium isolates readily available from NCBI GenBank were assessed. Bioinformatics analysis of the whole genome sequences conducted in order to search for antimicrobial resistance genes in the specified genomes was performed using the PATRIC online resource. It was found that the genomes provided comprised various combinations of 25 antimicrobial drug resistance genes. Amino acid substitutions in GyrA (positions 87, 88 and 91) were revealed in some Corynebacterium strains, through which quinolone/fluoroquinolone resistance could be realized.
Road safety and alcohol consumption by drivers
Authors: Głąbicka-Auleytner Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

The subject of this article is the issue of road safety and road accidents caused by drunk drivers. Road safety is an important issue in Poland and in all EU Member States. That is why the European Commission adopts appropriate legal regulations, action plans and long-term strategies to increase road safety. For this purpose, the European Road Safety Council was established in 1993. An analysis of statistical data on road accidents in general and those involving drunk drivers indicates that this is still a serious problem of modern society.
Analysis of Colon Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Croatia
Authors: Šimunović Gašpar Marinka , Pavić Jadranka
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Colon cancer is considered one of the most significant health issues in the world where, according to the GLOBOCAN 2020 data, it is diagnosed in 1,931,590 patients annually and is the cause of death in 935,173 patients. Approximately 3,500 new cases of colon cancer are diagnosed each year in Croatia. Aim. To present and analyze the recent trends in the incidence of colon cancer in Croatia for the period from 2001 to 2018 and trends in mortality for the period from 2001 to 2019. Methods. The analysis of colon cancer incidence reports for the period from 2001 to 2018 gathered from the Croatian National Cancer Registry and mortality reports obtained from the database of the Croatian Bureau of Statistics and the Croatian Institute of Public Health. The trends in incidence and mortality were processed using the Joinpoint program. Results. An incidence rate of 626.8 per 100,000, 706.4 per 100,000 for males, and 552.4 per 100,000 for females was recorded. In the year 2018, 13,809 people died from cancer in Croatia, including 8,049 men and 5,760 women. The mortality rates were 337.8 per 100,000, 407.5 per 100,000 for males, and 272.6 per 100,000 for females. In women, colon cancer ranked second in terms of incidence, while in men it was in the third place. The total number of new cases was 2,121 for men and 1,508 for women, totaling 3,629 cases. The share of colon cancer in the number of neoplasms in 2018 was 14.1%. Conclusion. The trends in the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer in Croatia still show an increasing tendency in standardized rates.
Просторовий розвиток регіону
Authors: Мікловда Василь , Горват Георгій
Published: December 2023

Наукову статтю присвячено питанням просторового розвитку регіону та визначенню соціально-економічних умов поділу території України на регіони. Сучасний розвиток економіки регіонів України зумовлюється динамікою макросередовища, яка характеризується поглибленням процесу глобалізації, швидким переорієнтуванням виробництва, впровадженням новітніх технологій, які впливають на економічне зростання. У дослідженні проаналізовано сучасний просторовий поділ України на регіони. Зроблено висновки щодо тенденцій просторового розвитку української економіки.Ключові слова: просторовий розвиток, сталий розвиток, сільські населені пункти, міські населені пункти.
Міжетнічна ксенофобія і практики протидії: на прикладі країн Євросоюзу
Authors: Токар Петро
Published: December 2023

Процес глобалізації, утворення конфліктів, посилення міграції та зростання кількості біженців сприяє залученню до міжкультурної комунікації величезних мас людей, що належать до різних географічних і культурних ареалів, соціальних, національних і конфесійних груп. Досвід останніх десятиліть продемонстрував неспроможність багатьох етнонаціональних концепцій, що грунтуються на неминучості стирання етнічних відмінностей і зниженні міжнаціональної напруженості під впливом глобалізації, індустріалізації й урбанізації. Навпаки, збільшення можливостей вільного волевиявлення народів і демократизація суспільства лише загострюють етнічну самосвідомість. Інтеграційним та асиміляційним процесам, тісно пов’язаним з глобалізацією, протистоїть дезінтеграційна сила етнічної і конфесійної нетерпимості, яка в умовах міграційних криз 2015-2016 і 2021 років та глобальної пандемії ще гостріше проявилася. Тому формування позитивних реалій сучасного демократичного суспільства можливе тільки на основі досягнення толерантних стосунків, передусім у посттоталітарних країнах. Для глибшого розуміння явища міжетнічної ксенофобії, причин і умов його проявів, вивчення досвіду профілактики цього глобального «захворювання» на планеті у статті здійснено аналіз цієї проблеми у 15 країнах і трьох великих регіонах, окреслено кращі практики запобігання поширенню міжетнічної ксенофобії в країнах Євросоюзу, Україні та Російській Федерації.

Ключові слова: ксенофобія, Євросоюз, Україна, Росія, конфлікти.
«М’яка сила» сусідніх держав в Україні: загальне та особливе
Authors: Мателешко Юрій
Published: December 2023

У статті з’ясовано загальні та особливі ознаки політики «м’якої сили» Польщі, Угорщини та Росії щодо України. Схожими для трьох країн є більшість цілей, інституцій та напрямів «м’якого» впливу. Водночас «soft power» кожної з держав має свої особливості, які безпосередньо впливають на активність, характер та наслідки їхньої «м’якої» політики стосовно нашої країни.

Ключові слова: «м’яка сила», Польща, Угорщина, Росія, Україна, політика, порівняльний аналіз.
Presentación Dosier. Emigración, exilio y emociones
Authors: Langa-Nuño Concha , Fernández Vicente María José , Calvo Salgado Luis Manuel
Published: December 2023

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Carlos Larrinaga y Donatella Strangio (eds.), El turismo en España e Italia antes del boom turístico
Authors: García Gómez José Joaquín
Published: December 2023

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Culto a los mártires republicanos y lucha por el espacio público en la Barcelona de la Restauración Borbónica: la conmemoración republicana de los mártires de Sarrià (1875-1910)
Authors: Pocino Pérez Álex
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objeto de estudio la conmemoración republicana de los mártires de Sarrià, celebración en recuerdo de la última resistencia republicana al golpe de Estado de Pavía en enero de 1874, entre 1875 y 1910. Mediante el recorrido cronológico de esta fiesta republicana, la hipótesis de nuestra investigación parte de que las disposiciones de orden público que adoptaron las autoridades restauracionistas respecto a esta conmemoración conllevaron una radicalización de la cultura política republicana hacia formas insurreccionales, utilizando la efeméride de Sarrià como fuente de legitimación.
Pierre Bersuire como intérprete de las Metamorfosis de Ovidio: observaciones sobre el Diluvio, Licaón y Faetón en el Ovidius Moralizatus
Authors: Martínez Astorino Pablo
Published: December 2023

El objeto de este trabajo es detenernos en la interpretación que hace el Ovidius moralizatus de algunos episodios asociados a catástrofes naturales del libro 1 y 2 de las Metamorfosis de Ovidio, el del Diluvio, el de Licaón y el de Faetón. Nuestra indagación procurará destacar aspectos en los que la lectura de Bersuire parece aportar una interpretación que, además de ser cristiana, ilumina aspectos de las historias de Ovidio. Compararemos los textos para resaltar, en la función alegórica del de Bersuire, el particular sentido que en ocasiones adquiere este Ovidio cristianizado.
Importancia de las competencias genéricas en contextos educativos virtuales en la formación de maestras de infantil
Authors: Bertoglio Salazar Marcela , Robinson Seisdedos María Soledad
Published: December 2023

La experiencia que surgió en educación superior a partir de las restricciones sanitarias aplicadas por el covid-19, permitió observar los efectos de la incorporación obligada de herramientas digitales en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, lo que puso de manifiesto las competencias requeridas para hacerles frente. El presente artículo da cuenta de un estudio de casos múltiple realizado con estudiantes de cuarto año de la carrera de Educación Infantil pertenecientes a dos universidades chilenas, cuyo propósito se orientó en indagar acerca de las competencias que se ponen en ejercicio durante el trabajo de tesis guiado de manera virtual durante el curso de la pandemia. Los procedimientos de recogida de información utilizados fueron preguntas de autoevaluación, entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupo focal aplicados a las participantes del estudio. Los resultados dan cuenta de la relevancia que las estudiantes otorgan en un contexto de trabajo remoto a la gestión del tiempo, la flexibilidad y empatía al interior del grupo de trabajo y las estrategias que se utilizan para afrontar problemas. Estos resultados permiten discutir acerca del rol que ocupan las competencias genéricas en la formación de futuras educadoras/es, con el fin de avanzar en el fortalecimiento de ellas durante la formación de pregrado.
retórica da natureza no jardim ordinário
Authors: Dantas Hugo Stefano Monteiro , Pessoa de Melo Jessica Larissa , Sá Carneiro Ana Rita
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo recorre aos campos artísticos da Literatura e do Cinema para tratar de narrativas sobre o renascimento de um jardim ordinário a partir do livro “O Jardim Secreto” de Frances Brunett, 1911, e sua adaptação cinematográfica homônima de 1949. Nesse propósito, toma-se como vertente a filosofia da paisagem e do jardim de Anne Cauquelin apoiada na análise fílmica de Vanoye e Goliot-Lété, a fim de interpretar a natureza – seus elementos físicos e espirituais – em operações retóricas, a partir de licenças poéticas, ou ainda, estratégias gramaticais e visuais, para assumir a ressignificação do jardim ordinário no texto literário e nas imagens do filme.
Numerical Study of Inverted Shell Footing Behavior on Sandy Soil
Authors: Mahmood Alaa Yousef , Ahmed Khalil Amina
Published: December 2023

Inverted and upright shell foundations, are increasingly utilized in engineering projects as structural elements beneath buildings, towers, curved dams, and other structures. They serve as economical alternatives to shallow foundations when encountering high loads transmitted through weak soil. The purpose of this research is to use the numerical modeling program Midas GTS NX to better understand the load-settlement behavior of inverted shell footings subjected to vertically applied loads. The study involved variables related to the properties of shell cross-sections, embedment depth of footing, and angle of side slope of footing. Also, the shell efficiency factor and the non-dimensional settlement factor for the shell footing are studied. The results show that inverted shell footings exhibit higher load-carrying capacity compared to traditional flat footings. Furthermore, it was found that inverted shell footings within the range of side slope angles of 15°–30° have a higher load-carrying capacity than traditional flat footings. Additionally, an increase in embedment depth was shown to be effective in enhancing the load-carrying capacity of inverted shell footings. From the obtained results, it was also concluded that the shell efficiency factor (η) of inverted shell footings is high. In particular, the inverted pyramid shell footing with an angle of 15°–30° exhibited higher efficiency compared to other footings, by 48.3% and 39.8%, respectively. The settlement improvement factor (Fa) of inverted shell footings was found to be low with the inverted pyramid shell footing at an angle of 15°–30° having a lower value compared to others by 5x10-4 and 507x10-4, respectively.
Pertinencia del análisis transdisciplinario de la lírica-musical popular latinoamericana
Authors: Monroy Villanueva Fermín
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este texto es resaltar la importancia de llevar a la práctica el análisis transdisciplinario de lo que comúnmente es conocido como canción popular, elemento fundamental de los géneros musicales latinoamericanos que aún son considerados representativos de la identidad de sus países. De entre el basto universo integrado por este tipo de producciones, el enfoque está en la música de mariachi mexicano –base de la canción ranchera–, el tango canción argentino y el pasillo ecuatoriano. En este sentido, sostenemos que el análisis de las letras es una vía de aproximación para conocer las condiciones contextuales que caracterizaron la época en que fueron escritas, es decir, al ámbito social, cultural, político, histórico, económico y, de forma muy particular, al emocional. De tal modo, el análisis de la lírica permite reconocer continuidades y resaltar la vigencia de elementos simbólicos que participan en la configuración de sujetos, sociedades y culturas: patrióticos (en la mención de héroes nacionales, lugares y fechas históricas, banderas, escudos, himnos), religiosos (Dios, santos, vírgenes, mártires), espaciales (pueblos, barrios, el campo, las ciudades), conductuales (comportamientos estereotipados en mujeres y hombres, costumbres), etcétera.
Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning and Teachers’ Digital Competence
Authors: Seabra Filipa , Aires Luísa , Abelha Marta , Teixeira António
Published: December 2023

The challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic forced schools to quickly mobilize toward emergency remote teaching and learning (ERTL) practices. Teachers’ digital competences were essential in this context. This study aims to identify the ERTL practices adopted in Portugal and how they were perceived by teachers of students aged 3 to 18. Data were gathered through a questionnaire administered online during April and May 2020 to 329 teachers. ERTL was perceived as an opportunity to develop their own and their students’ digital competences. Teachers expressed a moderately positive view of the process and reported an experience of work overload. The pedagogical practices implemented by teachers during this period were diverse and differed according to gender, self-assessment of digital competence, and level of education taught. Results point to the importance of continued teacher training to achieve quality distance education.
Evaluation of the effect of biological elicitors on the resistance to salinity stress in the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Stameran)
Authors: Sadeghi Bita , Abdossi Vahid , Zarrinnia Vahid , Hasanzadeh Nader
Published: December 2023

An experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement with three treatments of salinity (0 or check, 150, and 300 mM), and five bacterial elicitors treatments (fungal consortium (bioactive) (BFC), fungal elicitor at 1,000 ppm concentration (EL1), fungal elicitor at 2,000 ppm concentration (EL2), bacteria (BS) (Bacillus safensis), and bacteria (BP) (Bacillus pumilus)) in the Horticultural Science Laboratory to evaluate the effect of biological elicitors, including fungi and bacteria, on resistance to salinity stress in the date palms. The results showed that the lowest hydrogen peroxide content (278 µmol/g) was found in the elicitor of B. safensis at the zero salinity level. Catalase enzyme activity was higher in the treatments of fungal elicitor at 2,000 ppm concentration and the zero salinity level, B. safensis at the 150 mM salinity level, and fungal consortium at the 300 mM salinity level. The hydrogen peroxide content in the plant decreased as the activity of PAL and PPO enzymes increased. Applying an elicitor may reduce the effects of salinity stress in the date palm, but the stress level could determine the impact of each elicitor.
Middle Campanian (Late Cretaceous) sea-level rise; microfossil record of bathymetric changes
Authors: Fąfara Michał , Dubicka Zofia , Niechwedowicz Mariusz , Ciurej Agnieszka , Walaszczyk Ireneusz
Published: December 2023

A Middle Campanian (Late Cretaceous) eustatic sea-level rise recorded in the Belgorod succession (Russia; eastern North European Basin) was analyzed. The succession, dated for the Gavelinella annae and Globorotalites emdyensis foraminiferal zones (corresponding to the ‘ Inoceramus’ azerbaydjanensis–‘ Inoceramus’ vorhelmensis inoceramid Zone), records the deposition of pure chalk, with only trace terrigenous material. Its distal offshore position limited terrestrial nutrient delivery, driving oligotrophic conditions that influenced benthic foraminifera and organic-walled phytoplankton communities. Eustatic changes are recorded by planktonic foraminifera and additionally reflected in phytoclast abundance, organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts), calcareous dinoflagellate cysts (c-dinocysts), and δ 13C and δ 18O fluctuations. Most indices were primarily driven by variable terrestrial organic matter and freshwater influxes, acting as a function of sea depth and land topography.
An improved facial image retrieval using Hybrid Cheetah Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Balasubramanian C , RajaSekar J
Published: December 2023

With the advent of social media, the volume of photographs uploaded on the internet has increased exponentialy. The task of efficiently recognizing and retrieving human facial images is inevitable and essential at this time. In this work, a feature selection approach for recognizing and retrieving human face images using Hybrid Cheetah Optimization algorithm is proposed. The deep feature extraction from the images is done using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Hybrid Cheetah Optimization algorithm, an improvised version of Cheetah Optimization algorithm fused with genetic algorithm is used, to choose optimum features from the extracted deep features. The chosen features are used for finding the best matching images from the image database. The image matching is performed by Approximate Nearest Neighbor search for the query image over the image database and similar images are retrieved. By constructing a k-NN graph for the images, the efficiency of image retrieval is enhanced. The proposed system’s performance is evaluated against benchmark datasets such as LFW, MultiePie, ColorFERET, DigiFace-1M and CelebA. The evaluation results has shown that the proposed methodology is superior to various existing methodologies.
GHRL, LEP, LEPR genes polymorphism and their association with the metabolic syndrome in the Ukrainian population
Authors: Prodan Andrii , Dzubanovsky Ihor , Kamyshnyi Oleksandr , Melnyk Natalia , Pidruchna Svitlana , Voloshyn Stanislava
Published: December 2023

Objective. Many conflicting results have been obtained in the study of leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene variants that are associated with the obesity and diabetes possibly due to differences in the study populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the metabolic hormones (leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin) levels in the blood of obese patients in relation to the GHRL (rs696217), LEP (rs7799039), LEPR (rs1137100, rs1137101, rs1805094) polymorphism in Ukrainian population.

Methods. The study involved 53 obesity cases and 48 non-obesity subjects (controls). The GHRL, LEP, and LEPR genes polymorphism (rs696217, rs7799039, rs1137100, rs1137101, rs1805094) was genotyped using a TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Blood hormones (leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin) were determined with commercially available kits using a Multiskan FC analyzer.

Results. The study of the effect of genotypes of the GHRL (rs696217), LEP (rs7799039), and LEPR (rs1137100, rs1805094) polymorphisms on the level of metabolic hormones (leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin) in the blood of obese patients did not show reliably significant results. Thus, the presence of the LEPR genes (rs1137101) polymorphism in the Ukrainian population indicates an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome development regardless of the homozygous or heterozygous genotype (genotypes AA, AG, GG).

Conclusions. We established a significant effect of the presence of the A allele and G allele of the LEPR gene polymorphism (rs1137101) on the level of leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, and resistin in the serum of patients diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome in the Ukrainian population.
Nematicidal Effect of Eupatorium odoratum Linn. Aqueous Extract on Burrowing Nematodes (Radopholus similis) and its Application to Control Toppling Disease on Cavendish Banana (Musa acuminata)
Authors: Nhung Tran Thi Phuong , Quoc Le Pham Tan
Published: December 2023

Radopholus similis (Cobb 1893) (Rhabditida, Pratylenchidae) is a common and destructive pest that causes significant yield losses in Cavendish bananas. The repeated use of synthetic pesticides to control this nematode has raised concerns about toxicity to users and the environment. An alternative approach to managing this harmful species involves the use of nontoxic plant-derived extracts that enhance protection against various biological constraints. In this study, aqueous extract from the leaves and stems of Eupatorium odoratum Linn. (EAEO) was used to control R. similis in banana roots under in vitro and on-plant conditions. Through direct contact and penetration experiments on roots, as well as on-plant trials, concentrations of 12500, 6250, 3120, 1560, and 780 mg DW·L−1 EAEO were used to evaluate nematode mortality rates, infection levels in root segments (in vitro experiment), root infection, root necrosis index, shoot and root fresh weight, and growth parameters such as stem length, diameter, leaf number, and leaf surface area (on-plant experiment). The results showed that the nematode mortality rate due to EAEO ranged from 35.3% to 90.1%, which is statistically significant compared to the mortality rate in the control treatment (16%). Significant nematode inhibition was observed in banana roots infected with R. similis and exposed to EAEO for 48 h. There were no statistically significant differences in root infection, root necrosis, and plant fresh weight between plants treated with fenamiphos and EAEO. Maximum effectiveness was observed at the 12500 mg DW·L−1 EAEO concentration. These findings provide valuable insights into the nematicidal metabolites of EAEO against R. similis. Thus, the potential of EAEO as a biocontrol agent against R. similis has been demonstrated. For future research, investigations will be extended to elucidate the mechanisms of action of the essential compounds in EAEO against nematodes, determine the optimal EAEO dosage for nematode control without harm to banana plants and the environment, assess the long-term effects of EAEO on banana plants and the environment, explore the ecological impact of EAEO use in agricultural ecosystems, study the effectiveness of EAEO on various plant species, and consider the development of commercial products or formulations based on EAEO.
Teachers’ Attitudes towards Roma Pupils from the Perspective of Roma Pupils and Their Mothers
Authors: Kovač Laura , Zurc Joca , Pšunder Mateja
Published: December 2023

In this article, we will discuss the case of fair and inclusive schools that are considerate of the specific and unique needs of their pupils and offer quality education for all. We will highlight the most important indicators of inclusive education and focus on research that confirms the importance of the teachers’ willingness to establish good interpersonal relationships with their pupils. In the empirical section, we will introduce the results of our qualitative study. Based on interviews conducted with 20 mothers and 20 primary school pupils in two Slovene Roma settlements, we explored how pupils and their mothers perceive teachers’ attitudes towards Roma children. Our findings were very promising, for they showed that the interviewed pupils and their mothers had a positive experience with the teachers and their pedagogical work with Roma children. However, we should not ignore the few cases that pointed to ethnic discrimination towards Roma pupils.
Why do Croats Migrate to Austria? Motives for and Experiences of Migration since 2013
Authors: Balija Monika
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to determine the push and pull factors and the impact of the pandemic and the opening of the Austrian labour market for Croatian citizens in 2020 on the migration of Croatian citizens to Austria after Croatia entered the EU. The study was conducted using qualitative methodology, i.e., semi-structured interviews as the main research method. The results showed that, in addition to the influence of economic and personal factors on emigration from Croatia, social migrant networks stood out as a strong pull factor for respondents to migrate to Austria. Nevertheless, some respondents, regardless of family and friends in other countries, migrate to Austria for its better living and working conditions. The pandemic and the opening of the Austrian labour market in 2020 were at one time an obstacle to emigration for some respondents, and their experiences indicate that in the next few years the number of Croats who immigrate to Austria could increase, both due to delayed emigration from Croatia and the migration of Croats from Germany.
Book Review: Pieter Fourie and Guy Lamb, Edited. The South African Response to COVID-19: Early Years, London: Routledge, 2023.
Authors: Pillay Anton M.
Published: December 2023

The South African Response to COVID-19 edited by Pieter Fourie and Guy Lamb provides an alternative perspective on the epidemic. Alternative in the sense that the book shifts the narrative away from the Western perspectives that dominated the COVID-19 discourse. The book in its entirety provides readers with a realist South African perspectives, positions, and understanding of an event so momentous that it will be long remembered as a defining moment in human history. Pieter Fourie introduces us to the book with a poignant quote from Louis Pasteur; ‘the pathogen is nothing, the terrain is everything.’ In the case of South Africa this could not apply more.
Advancing Chemical Reaction Engineering: Entropy-Based Modeling of Consecutive Reactions
Authors: Soares Arianne de Freitas Barros , Carneiro Francisco Lucas de Lima , Pereira Juliana Rosa Leite Araújo , Pereira Micael Araújo , Pereria Neto Antonio Tavernard , Da Silva Júnior Heleno Bispo
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To optimize a complex reactive system involving a consecutive first-order reaction in a Continuously Stirring Tank Reactor (CSTR) using the Direct Entropy Minimization (DEM) methodology, focusing on identifying operational conditions that minimize entropy generation.
 
Theoretical Framework: In chemical engineering, the efficient management process reactions in a CSTR is crucial. Traditionally, this leads to multiple operational points, which may not be optimal in terms of entropy generation. The DEM approach provides a novel perspective in determining the most efficient operational conditions by focusing on entropy production.
 
Method: The study employs the DEM methodology to analyze a CSTR system involved in consecutive first-order reactions. By conducting mass, enthalpy, and entropy balances, the process is optimized, leading to a model that effectively describes the system’s entropy production rate. This method focuses on establishing an optimal relationship between inlet and reaction temperatures to achieve the lowest possible entropy production.
 
Results and Conclusion: The application of DEM identified the global optimal operational condition, contrasting with the multiple conditions suggested by classical methods. This indicates a significant improvement in process performance and efficiency under minimum entropy production conditions.
 
Research Implications: This study emphasizes the importance of entropy management in chemical reaction engineering. The findings demonstrate that a systematic approach to minimizing entropy can lead to significant improvements in process efficiency and sustainability, suggesting a paradigm shift in how chemical processes are optimized.
 
Originality/Value: This research emphasizes the effectiveness of the DEM methodology in optimizing chemical reactions in a CSTR. The approach is innovative in reducing entropy generation, a key factor for sustainable and efficient chemical process operations.
E-Learning as an Educational Strategy in University: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rivera-Mamani Gladys Filonila , Roque-Guizada Cesar Elías , Estrada-Araoz Edwin Gustavo , Roman-Paredes Nelly Olinda , Palma-Chambilla Javier Ricardo , Flores-Flores Fredy Roger , Romani-Claros Alfonso , Lescano-Lopez Galia Susana , Zavalaga-Paredes Carlos José
Published: December 2023

Objective: Analyze the existing literature on the interaction that e-learning allows for university students to develop competencies in learning through the platform, ensuring continuous communication between university teachers and students.
 
Theoretical framework: E-learning has emerged as a powerful transformative tool in university education. This educational approach leverages information and communication technologies to provide students with flexible and remote access to academic content.
 
Method: The method used is a descriptive analysis of a literature review with the application of a strategy in the search for scientific information. For this, the analysis of the results and conclusions of 5 articles was applied for problem 1: "Implementation of E-learning," in addition to the analysis of 5 articles for problem 2: "Teacher-Student Interaction".
 
Results and conclusions: The findings demonstrate that university students interact effectively in a virtual network when it is correctly implemented. Therefore, it can be concluded that the E-learning platform enables the improvement and achievement of teaching and learning through online communication.
 
Implications of the research: It is expected that the research will contribute to university students' utilization of the e-learning platform as a strategy for the teacher-student dyad, fostering academic and learning development.
Originality/value: This study demonstrates that currently, e-learning has gained significant importance in higher education, as it facilitates teacher-student interaction and enhances the teaching-learning process.
New Universe Story as Leaven for Transformation
Authors: Dunne Veronica
Published: December 2023

This paper explores ways of motivating persons of good will to see the signs of a planet in distress, recognize our human and political paralysis, and change our behavior in ways commensurate to the historical challenge of our time.
Framing this exploration within a “tapestry of stories”, the author examines ways creation itself learns, for clues as to how humans may grasp the large systems changes and collapses in which we are involved and/or implicated.  Thomas Berry calls this the “great work” of our time.
In the end, the paper concludes that the power we need to address climate change is not education, activism or financing, as important as these are. As an integral dimension of a 13.8 billion year evolutionary process, humans’ reflexive consciousness, is a power we can call upon.  We need a major shift in consciousness, related to a new understanding of our place in the universe.
Military Dictatorship, University Reform, and Teacher Education in Chile: The Historical Emergence of a Dysfunctional Structure
Authors: Cox Cristián , Sánchez Bachman Macarena
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the evolution of public policies related to teacher education in Chile during the period of the military dictatorship (1973-1990), and the paradoxical impact on such education of a university reform at the end of the 1960s. Both processes are connected to examine the roots of the inability of the teacher education system to respond to the requirements of a reform of the structure of the school system that also took place at the end of the 1960s. This reform extended primary education by two grades, thereby broadening and complexifying both the curriculum and the needs of students. The response to this change on the part of teacher education policies, as well as the teacher  preparation institutions themselves, did not take place either at the beginning of its implementation, which coincided with the political crisis that culminated in the coup d'état, nor during the following quarter of a century. Long duration that established a dysfunctional structure of teacher education, which did not respond to the structure of the school system it sought to serve. In terms of its analytical and interpretative purpose, the paper combines historical policy analysis, sociological interpretation of the dynamics of higher education, and categories and interpretation of the knowledge bases of the teaching profession.
La enseñanza de la naturaleza en los manuales escolares del siglo XIX en el mundo hispanoamericano: del enciclopedismo ilustrado a las lecciones de cosas
Authors: Roldán Vera Eugenia , Meníndez Rosalía
Published: December 2023

Este artículo examina, desde una mirada global y de larga duración, los libros de texto de lecciones de cosas que circularon en el mundo hispanoamericano el periodo ca. 1880-1920. La pregunta central es cómo y hasta qué punto estos libros hicieron operativos los postulados de la llamada “enseñanza intuitiva” de Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, es decir, la enseñanza a partir de la experiencia sensorial de los niños con objetos concretos que habría de sustituir al tradicional aprendizaje por la memorización. Con base en la premisa de que los libros de texto constituyen un género específico, con convenciones materiales y textuales que posibilitan y condicionan ciertas prácticas de enseñanza, argumentamos que los libros de lecciones de cosas del mundo hispánico evolucionaron en buena medida de una forma tradicional de enseñanza por preguntas y respuestas, con algunas novedades importantes pero también con continuidades notables. Señalamos, además, que en el formato que adquirieron los libros de lecciones de cosas en México incidieron tanto prescripciones curriculares como factores del mercado editorial y necesidades de los maestros de primaria – convertidos en autores de varios de esos textos – en su práctica cotidiana. 
Palabras clave: libros de texto, naturaleza, lecciones de cosas, catecismos, Ilustración española
Transdisciplinarity and the Curriculum: Reading UNESCO’s “Reimagining Our Futures Together” with Transdisciplinarity in Mind
Authors: Radakovic Nenad
Published: December 2023

This paper delves into the concept of transdisciplinarity and its potential application in education by conducting a critical analysis of UNESCO's report titled "Reimagining Our Futures Together: A New Social Contract for Education." The report emphasizes the pressing need to address existential risks and climate change, thereby advocating for transformative educational practices. The paper explores the historical development of transdisciplinarity, encompassing structuralist-systems, holistic, and postmodern approaches. Using a transdisciplinary lens, the study examines crucial themes from the UNESCO report, including ecological, intercultural, and interdisciplinary learning integration, the concept of the Knowledge Commons, and the proposition for a new social contract between individuals and governments. This examination serves as an exemplar of how to interpret and question educational texts through a transdisciplinary perspective.
Keywords: transdisciplinarity, transdisciplinary education, UNESCO reports, educational policy
Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among an adult population in Bisha: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alkhathami Abdulmajeed , Alshomrany Abdullah , Madkhali Hatem , alshahrani Abdulmohsen , Almuawi Abdullah , Alhalafi Abdullah , Alshamrani Hassan , Albalawi Nouf , khired Zenat
Published: December 2023

Background:
Worldwide, LBP prevalence in the general population has been reported to be between 15% and 45%. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), LBP prevalence was reported to range from 18.8% to 53.5% in the general population. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of LBP and risk factors among the adult population in Bisha.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of adults living in Bisha and the adjacent area in Saudi Arabia was conducted. The data were gathered via a self-administered online survey. The Mann‒Whitney test and the chi-square test were used to compare individuals with and without low back pain. The presence of low back discomfort (yes or no) was compared to risk factors using multiple binary logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) calculations were made.

Results: The total number of participants was 350. The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among the participants was 242 individuals (69.1%). A history of LBP was statistically significantly associated with some sociodemographic characteristics, including sex (p value = 0.002) and age (p value= 0.002). Some risk factors were statistically significantly associated with a history of LBP: history of diabetes mellitus (p value=0.048) and thyroid disease (p value= 0.056).

Conclusions: With more than a sixth of the sample reporting back discomfort, low back pain is very common in the Saudi adult population. This report urges action toward the creation of management, prevention, and education programs for society.
Percepcja ludzi sprawujących władzę w świetle opinii studentek kierunków pedagogicznych
Authors: Dziurzyński Krzysztof
Published: December 2023

Tematem artykułu są wyobrażenia młodych kobiet, studentek o ludziach sprawujących władzę. Celem prezentowanego badania jest znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytania: jaką strukturą jest myślenie o ludziach sprawujących władzę studentek kierunków pedagogicznych? Jak rozbudowany jest to konstrukt psychospołeczny? Jak silnie są powiązane ze sobą? W badaniu posłużono się ankietą. W ankiecie znajdowało się 13 pytań merytorycznych oraz dwa pytania o charakterze metryczkowym (wiek oraz płeć). Osoby badane miały za zadanie ustosunkować się do każdego pytania wybierając odpowiedź najbliższą ich przekonaniom. W badaniu uczestniczyły 123 osoby zdobywające wykształcenie pedagogiczne. Wszyscy badani to kobiety. Wbrew przypuszczeniu, że badani będą mieli pozytywny obraz władzy, nie potwierdzono tego założenia. Dodatkowym celem, niejako metodologicznym, była weryfikacja poprawności Skali Postaw Wobec Władzy.
Polityka młodzieżowa na ­Ukrainie (1991–2023): geneza, rozwój, ­nowoczesne trendy
Authors: Kryvachuk Liudmyla
Published: December 2023

Rozwój społeczeństwa jest ściśle powiązany z młodym pokoleniem. Jednym z głównych zadań każdego państwa jest realizacja skutecznej polityki młodzieżowej, która odgrywa ważną rolę w kształtowaniu i funkcjonowaniu państwa oraz bezpośrednio wpływa na wskaźniki społeczne, ekonomiczne i demograficzne w każdym kraju. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę procesu kształtowania i realizacji polityki młodzieżowej na Ukrainie w latach 1991–2023, określono specyfikę realizacji polityki młodzieżowej w warunkach procesów reformy decentralizacji na Ukrainie, a także zidentyfikowano podstawowe innowacje w zakresie polityki młodzieżowej w latach 2017–2023. Między 1991 a 2023 r. na Ukrainie ukształtowały się ramy legislacyjne z zakresu problematyki młodzieżowej, utworzono centralne, regionalne i lokalne organizacje państwowe z zakresu polityki młodzieżowej, utworzono i rozwinięto sieć instytucji i organizacji dla młodzieży. Jak wynika z analizy autorskiej, poza istniejącymi problemami młodzieżowymi na przestrzeni ostatnich lat (2017–2023) można zaobserwować aktywne dynamiczne zmiany, procesy modernizacyjne i innowacje w zakresie polityki młodzieżowej.
Rosyjska młodzież: czynnik zmiany czy stabilizacji?
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: December 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu było scharakteryzowanie rosyjskiej młodzieży żyjącej w kraju, który od 24 lutego 2022 r. toczy wojnę z sąsiednią Ukrainą. Ze względu na trudność bezpośredniego dotarcia do grupy docelowej zastosowano metodę nieinwazyjną, czyli analizę danych zastanych. Do analiz brano sondaże reprezentatywne prowadzone wśród rosyjskiego społeczeństwa przez główne ośrodki badawcze: Levada-Center, VCIOM, Russian Field. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz można stwierdzić, że w takich sferach jak religia, stosunek do mniejszości seksualnych, stosunek do Zachodu, wykorzystywanie Internetu do zdobywania wiadomości czy zdrowie psychiczne młodzież znacznie się różni od starszej generacji i swoimi postawami wpisuje się w globalne trendy wyznaczane przez iGen. Pozytywna ocena władzy Putina oraz sytuacji w kraju, poparcie udziału Rosji w wojnie na Ukrainie, negatywny stosunek do Ukraińców są niemalże identyczne jak wśród starszej generacji. Rosyjska młodzież przyjmuje strategię konformistyczną wobec systemu i będzie kontynuowała kierunek rozwoju kraju zgodny z wytycznymi władzy.
Pro Memoria profesor Swietłana Szczudło
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: December 2023

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