bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photorelaxation Pathways of 4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-4′-nitrostilbene Upon S1 Excitation Revealed by Conical Intersection and Intersystem Crossing Networks
Authors: He Ziyue , Xue Ruidi , Lei Yibo , Yu Le , Zhu Chaoyuan
Published: May 2020

Multi-state n-electron valence state second order perturbation theory (MS-NEVPT2) was utilized to reveal the photorelaxation pathways of 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4′-nitrostilbene (DANS) upon S1 excitation. Within the interwoven networks of five S1/S0 and three T2/T1 conical intersections (CIs), and three S1/T2, one S1/T1 and one S0/T1 intersystem crossings (ISCs), those competing nonadiabatic decay pathways play different roles in trans-to-cis and cis-to-trans processes, respectively. After being excited to the Franck–Condon (FC) region of the S1 state, trans-S1-FC firstly encounters an ultrafast conversion to quinoid form. Subsequently, the relaxation mainly proceeds along the triplet pathway, trans-S1-FC → ISC-S1/T2-trans → CI-T2/T1-trans → ISC-S0/T1-twist → trans- or cis-S0. The singlet relaxation pathway mediated by CI-S1/S0-twist-c is hindered by the prominent energy barrier on S1 surface and by the reason that CI-S1/S0-trans and CI-S1/S0-twist-t are both not energetically accessible upon S1 excitation. On the other hand, the cis-S1-FC lies at the top of steeply decreasing potential energy surfaces (PESs) towards the CI-S1/S0-twist-c and CI-S1/S0-DHP regions; therefore, the initial twisting directions of DN and DAP moieties determine the branching ratio between αC=C twisting (cis-S1-FC → CI-S1/S0-twist-c → trans- or cis-S0) and DHP formation relaxation pathways (cis-S1-FC → CI-S1/S0-DHP → DHP-S0) on the S1 surface. Moreover, the DHP formation could also take place via the triplet relaxation pathway, cis-S1-FC → ISC-S1/T1-cis → DHP-T1 → DHP-S0, however, which may be hindered by insufficient spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength. The other triplet pathways for cis-S1-FC mediated by ISC-S1/T2-cis are negligible due to the energy or geometry incompatibility of possible consecutive stepwise S1 → T2 → T1 or S1 → T2 → S1 processes. The present study reveals photoisomerization dynamic pathways via conical intersection and intersystem crossing networks and provides nice physical insight into experimental investigation of DANS.
NHC Core Pincer Ligands Exhibiting Two Anionic Coordinating Extremities
Authors: Taakili Rachid , Canac Yves
Published: May 2020

The chemistry of NHC core pincer ligands of LX2 type bearing two pending arms, identical or not, whose coordinating center is anionic in nature, is here reviewed. In this family, the negative charge of the coordinating atoms can be brought either by a carbon atom via a phosphonium ylide (R3P+–CR2−) or by a heteroatom through amide (R2N−), oxide (RO−), or thio(seleno)oxide (RS−, RSe−) donor functionalities. Through selected examples, the synthetic methods, coordination properties, and applications of such tridentate systems are described. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of the donor ends in the chemical behavior of these species.
Modulation of Lipoteichoic Acids and Exopolysaccharides Prevents Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Accumulation
Authors: Castillo Pedraza Midian C. , de Oliveira Fratucelli Erick Dante , Ribeiro Sabrina Marcela , Florez Salamanca Elkin Jahir , da Silva Colin Jaqueline , Klein Marlise I.
Published: May 2020

Dental caries is a diet–biofilm-dependent disease. Streptococcus mutans contributes to cariogenic biofilms by producing an extracellular matrix rich in exopolysaccharides and acids. The study aimed to determine the effect of topical treatments with compound 1771 (modulates lipoteichoic acid (LTA) metabolism) and myricetin (affects the synthesis of exopolysaccharides) on S. mutans biofilms. In vitro S. mutans UA159 biofilms were grown on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs, alternating 0.1% sucrose and 0.5% sucrose plus 1% starch. Twice-daily topical treatments were performed with both agents alone and combined with and without fluoride: compound 1771 (2.6 µg/mL), myricetin (500 µg/mL), 1771 + myricetin, fluoride (250 ppm), 1771 + fluoride, myricetin + fluoride, 1771 + myricetin + fluoride, and vehicle. Biofilms were evaluated via microbiological, biochemical, imaging, and gene expression methods. Compound 1771 alone yielded less viable counts, biomass, exopolysaccharides, and extracellular LTA. Moreover, the combination 1771 + myricetin + fluoride decreased three logs of bacterium counts, 60% biomass, >74% exopolysaccharides, and 20% LTA. The effect of treatments on extracellular DNA was not pronounced. The combination strategy affected the size of microcolonies and exopolysaccharides distribution and inhibited the expression of genes linked to insoluble exopolysaccharides synthesis. Therefore, compound 1771 prevented the accumulation of S. mutans biofilm; however, the effect was more pronounced when it was associated with fluoride and myricetin.
Gastroprotective Effect of Juanislamin on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats: Role of Prostaglandins, Nitric Oxide and Sulfhydryl Groups in the Mechanism of Action
Authors: Sánchez-Mendoza María Elena , López-Lorenzo Yaraset , Cruz-Antonio Leticia , Cruz-Oseguera Arturo , García-Machorro Jazmín , Arrieta Jesús
Published: May 2020

Peptic ulcer disease, the most common gastrointestinal disorder, is currently treated with several types of drugs, but all have severe side effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of juanislamin, isolated from Calea urticifolia, in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Thirty minutes after orally administering a given dose of juanislamin (from 1 to 30 mg/kg) or carbenoxolone (the reference drug, at 1–100 mg/kg) to rats, 1 mL of ethanol was applied, and the animals were sacrificed 2 h later. The stomachs were removed and opened to measure the total area of lesions in each. To examine the possible participation of prostaglandins, nitric oxide and/or sulfhydryl groups in the mechanism of action of juanislamin, the rats received indomethacin, NG-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide pretreatment, respectively, before being given juanislamin and undergoing the rest of the methodology. Juanislamin inhibited gastric lesions produced by ethanol in a non-dose-dependent manner, showing the maximum gastroprotective effect (100%) at 10 mg/kg. The activity of juanislamin was not modified by pretreatment with indomethacin, l-NAME or N-ethylmaleimide. In conclusion, juanislamin protected the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced damage, and its mechanism of action apparently does not involve prostaglandins, nitric oxide or sulfhydryl groups.
Unsymmetrical Bisquinolines with High Potency against P. falciparum Malaria
Authors: Liebman Katherine M. , Burgess Steven J. , Gunsaru Bornface , Kelly Jane X. , Li Yuexin , Morrill Westin , Liebman Michael C. , Peyton David H.
Published: May 2020

Quinoline-based scaffolds have been the mainstay of antimalarial drugs, including many artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs), over the history of modern drug development. Although much progress has been made in the search for novel antimalarial scaffolds, it may be that quinolines will remain useful, especially if very potent compounds from this class are discovered. We report here the results of a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study assessing potential unsymmetrical bisquinoline antiplasmodial drug candidates using in vitro activity against intact parasites in cell culture. Many unsymmetrical bisquinolines were found to be highly potent against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Further work to develop such compounds could focus on minimizing toxicities in order to find suitable candidates for clinical evaluation.
Synthesis and Spectral Identification of Three Schiff Bases with a 2-(Piperazin-1-yl)-N-(thiophen-2-yl methylene)ethanamine Moiety Acting as Novel Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors: Thermal, DFT, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Molecular Docking Investigations
Authors: Warad Ismail , Ali Oraib , Al Ali Anas , Jaradat Nidal Amin , Hussein Fatima , Abdallah Lubna , Al-Zaqri Nabil , Alsalme Ali , Alharthi Fahad A.
Published: May 2020

Three new tetradentate NNNS Schiff bases (L1–L3) derived from 2-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanamine were prepared in high yields. UV–Visible and FTIR spectroscopy were used to monitor the dehydration reaction between 2-(piperidin-4-yl)ethanamine and the corresponding aldehydes. Structures of the derived Schiff bases were deduced by 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR, UV–Vis, MS, EA, EDS, and TG-derived physical measurements. DFT/B3LYP theoretical calculations for optimization, TD-DFT, frequency, Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP), and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) / were performed for L2. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the three Schiff bases were evaluated against several types of bacteria by disk diffusion test using Gentamicin as the standard antibiotic. Schiff bases revealed good antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, and the IC50 values were compared to the Trolox standard. Pancreatic porcine lipase inhibition assay of the synthesized compounds revealed promising activity as compared to the Orlistat reference.
Identification of Aroma Differences in Refined and Whole Grain Extruded Maize Puffs
Authors: Smith Kenneth , Peterson Devin G.
Published: May 2020

Differences in the aroma profiles of extruded maize puffs made from refined grain and whole grain flour were investigated. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/olfactometry (GC/MS/O) analysis reported 13 aroma compounds with a flavor dilution (FD) value ≥16. Quantitative analysis identified eight compounds as statistically different, of which seven compounds were higher in concentration in the whole grain sample. Sensory recombination and descriptive analysis further supported the analytical data, with higher mean aroma intensities for cooked, corn chip, roasted, and toasted attributes for the whole grain sample. Generally, the compounds responsible for perceived differences in whole grain maize extruded puffs were associated with increased levels of Maillard reaction products, such as 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline.
Surface Interactions during the Removal of Emerging Contaminants by Hydrochar-Based Adsorbents
Authors: Román Silvia , Valente Nabais Joâo Manuel , Ledesma Beatriz , Laginhas Carlos , Titirici Maria-Magdalena
Published: May 2020

The aim of this work was to test activated carbons derived from hydrochars produced from sunflower stem, olive stone and walnut shells, as adsorbents for emerging contaminants in aqueous solution, namely fluoxetine and nicotinic acid. The adsorption capacity was determined by the chemical nature of the adsorbents, namely the presence of specific functional groups and their positive or negative ionization in aqueous solutions and also by steric factors. The activated carbons produced by air showed a higher adsorption capacity of fluoxetine, whilst the samples produced by carbon dioxide activation were more useful to remove nicotinic acid. In general, surface acidity was advantageous for fluoxetine adsorption and detrimental for nicotinic acid removal. The adsorption mechanisms involved in each case were discussed and related to the adsorbents characteristics. The maximum adsorption capacity, Q0, given by the Langmuir model was 44.1 and 91.9 mg g−1 for fluoxetine and nicotinic acid adsorption, respectively.
N-Alkyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]hydrazine-1-carboxamides and Their Analogues: Synthesis and Multitarget Biological Activity
Authors: Krátký Martin , Baranyai Zsuzsa , Štěpánková Šárka , Svrčková Katarína , Švarcová Markéta , Stolaříková Jiřina , Horváth Lilla , Bősze Szilvia , Vinšová Jarmila
Published: May 2020

Based on the isosterism concept, we have designed and synthesized homologous N-alkyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]hydrazine-1-carboxamides (from C1 to C18) as potential antimicrobial agents and enzyme inhibitors. They were obtained from 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzohydrazide by three synthetic approaches and characterized by spectral methods. The derivatives were screened for their inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) via Ellman’s method. All the hydrazinecarboxamides revealed a moderate inhibition of both AChE and BuChE, with IC50 values of 27.04–106.75 µM and 58.01–277.48 µM, respectively. Some compounds exhibited lower IC50 for AChE than the clinically used drug rivastigmine. N-Tridecyl/pentadecyl-2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]hydrazine-1-carboxamides were identified as the most potent and selective inhibitors of AChE. For inhibition of BuChE, alkyl chain lengths from C5 to C7 are optimal substituents. Based on molecular docking study, the compounds may work as non-covalent inhibitors that are placed in a close proximity to the active site triad. The compounds were evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and nontuberculous mycobacteria (M. avium, M. kansasii). Reflecting these results, we prepared additional analogues of the most active carboxamide (n-hexyl derivative 2f). N-Hexyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine (4) exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations within this study (MIC ≥ 62.5 µM), however, this activity is mild. All the compounds avoided cytostatic properties on two eukaryotic cell lines (HepG2, MonoMac6).
Crystal Structure of a Tetrameric Type II β-Carbonic Anhydrase from the Pathogenic Bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Angeli Andrea , Ferraroni Marta , Pinteala Mariana , Maier Stelian S. , Simionescu Bogdan C. , Carta Fabrizio , Del Prete Sonia , Capasso Clemente , Supuran Claudiu T.
Published: May 2020

Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and proton. Currently, CA inhibitors are widely used as antiglaucoma, anticancer, and anti-obesity drugs and for the treatment of neurological disorders. Recently, the potential use of CA inhibitors to fight infections caused by protozoa, fungi, and bacteria has emerged as a new research line. In this article, the X-ray crystal structure of β-CA from Burkholderia pseudomallei was reported. The X-ray crystal structure of this new enzyme was solved at 2.7 Å resolution, revealing a tetrameric type II β-CA with a “closed” active site in which the zinc is tetrahedrally coordinated to Cys46, Asp48, His102, and Cys105. B. pseudomallei is known to encode at least two CAs, a β-CA, and a γ-CA. These proteins, playing a pivotal role in its life cycle and pathogenicity, offer a novel therapeutic opportunity to obtain antibiotics with a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, the new structure can provide a clear view of the β-CA mechanism of action and the possibility to find selective inhibitors for this class of CAs.
Experimental Study of Pyrolysis and Laser Ignition of Low-Vulnerability Propellants Based on RDX
Authors: Ehrhardt Jordan , Courty Léo , Gillard Philippe , Baschung Barbara
Published: May 2020

Low-vulnerability propellants are propellants designed to resist unintended stimuli to increase safety during transport, storage and handling. The substitution of usual nitrocellulose-based gun propellants with these new materials allows maintaining interior ballistics performances while increasing the safety. In this paper, the pyrolysis, ignition and combustion of such propellants are investigated in order to study conditions leading to a safe and reproducible ignition. Low-vulnerability propellants studied are made of different ratios of hexogen (RDX) and nitrocellulose (NC). Three compositions are studied by varying weight percentages of RDX and NC: 95-5, 90-10 and 85-15 for respective weight percentages of RDX-NC. Pyrolysis of these propellants is studied with two different experimental setups: a flash pyrolysis device linked to a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (Py-GC-MS) and a closed-volume reactor coupled to a mass spectrometer. Different molecules, like NO2, CO, CH3COCH3 or CH2NCH2NCH2, are obtained during the decomposition of these propellants. Laser ignition of these propellants is studied in a cylindrical closed-volume reactor using a laser diode. Several combustion characteristics, such as ignition delays, maximal overpressures and combustion rates are given for the three propellants using the pressure signals. Moreover, ignition energies are also investigated. Obtained results are compared to the few available literature data. A particular behavior is noticed for the 90-10 propellant. The experimental data collected should serve in the future to have a better understanding of the chemical reactions driving the combustion process of these low-vulnerability propellants.
Therapeutic Emergence of Rhein as a Potential Anticancer Drug: A Review of Its Molecular Targets and Anticancer Properties
Authors: Henamayee Sahu , Banik Kishore , Sailo Bethsebie Lalduhsaki , Shabnam Bano , Harsha Choudhary , Srilakshmi Satti , VGM Naidu , Baek Seung Ho , Ahn Kwang Seok , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B
Published: May 2020

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second-highest cause of mortality in the world, and it kills nearly 9.6 million people annually. Besides the fatality of the disease, poor prognosis, cost of conventional therapies, and associated side-effects add more burden to patients, post-diagnosis. Therefore, the search for alternatives for the treatment of cancer that are safe, multi-targeted, effective, and cost-effective has compelled us to go back to ancient systems of medicine. Natural herbs and plant formulations are laden with a variety of phytochemicals. One such compound is rhein, which is an anthraquinone derived from the roots of Rheum spp. and Polygonum multiflorum. In ethnomedicine, these plants are used for the treatment of inflammation, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and bacterial and helminthic infections. Increasing evidence suggests that this compound can suppress breast cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Recent studies have reported that this compound modulates different signaling cascades in cancer cells and can prevent angiogenesis and progression of different types of cancers. The present review highlights the cancer-preventing and therapeutic properties of rhein based on the available literature, which will help to extend further research to establish the chemoprotective and therapeutic roles of rhein compared to other conventional drugs. Future pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies could support this compound as an effective anticancer agent.
The Effect of Carbon Black on the Properties of Plasticised Wheat Gluten Biopolymer
Authors: Das Oisik , Capezza Antonio J , Mårtensson Julia , Dong Yu , Esmaeely Neisiany Rasoul , Pelcastre Leonardo , Jiang Lin , Xu Qiang , Olsson Richard T. , Hedenqvist Mikael S
Published: May 2020

Wheat gluten biopolymers generally become excessively rigid when processed without plasticisers, while the use of plasticisers, on the other hand, can deteriorate their mechanical properties. As such, this study investigated the effect of carbon black (CB) as a filler into glycerol-plasticised gluten to prepare gluten/CB biocomposites in order to eliminate the aforementioned drawback. Thus, biocomposites were manufactured using compression moulding followed by the determination of their mechanical, morphological, and chemical properties. The filler content of 4 wt% was found to be optimal for achieving increased tensile strength by 24%, and tensile modulus by 268% along with the toughness retention based on energy at break when compared with those of glycerol-plasticised gluten. When reaching the filler content up to 6 wt%, the tensile properties were found to be worsened, which can be ascribed to excessive agglomeration of carbon black at the high content levels within gluten matrices. Based on infrared spectroscopy, the results demonstrate an increased amount of β-sheets, suggesting the formation of more aggregated protein networks induced by increasing the filler contents. However, the addition of fillers did not improve fire and water resistance in such bionanocomposites owing to the high blend ratio of plasticiser to gluten.
Virtual Screening and the In Vitro Assessment of the Antileishmanial Activity of Lignans
Authors: dos Santos Maia Mayara , Raimundo e Silva Joanda Paolla , de Lima Nunes Thaís Amanda , Saraiva de Sousa Julyanne Maria , Soares Rodrigues Gabriela Cristina , Messias Monteiro Alex France , Fechine Tavares Josean , da Franca Rodrigues Klinger Antonio , B. Mendonça-Junior Francisco Jaime , Scotti Luciana , Scotti Marcus Tullius
Published: May 2020

Leishmaniasis is endemic in at least 98 countries. Due to the high toxicity and resistance associated with the drugs, we chose lignans as an alternative, due to their favorable properties of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET). To investigate their leishmanicidal potential, the biological activities of a set of 160 lignans were predicted using predictive models that were built using data for Leishmania major and L. (Viannia) braziliensis. A combined analysis, based on ligand and structure, and several other computational approaches were used. The results showed that the combined analysis was able to select 11 lignans with potential activity against L. major and 21 lignans against L. braziliensis, with multitargeting effects and low or no toxicity. Of these compounds, four were isolated from the species Justicia aequilabris (Nees) Lindau. All of the identified compounds were able to inhibit the growth of L. braziliensis promastigotes, with the most active compound, (159) epipinoresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, presenting an IC50 value of 5.39 µM and IC50 value of 36.51 µM for L. major. Our findings indicated the potential of computer-aided drug design and development and demonstrated that lignans represent promising prototype compounds for the development of multitarget drugs against leishmaniasis.
A Narrative Review of Continuing Professional Development Needs for Pharmacists with Respect to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Authors: Wilby Kyle J. , Smith Alesha J.
Published: May 2020

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is rapidly increasing in use worldwide, with many countries now publicly funding use for high risk populations. Pharmacists, as front-line care providers, must have the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes to effectively provide care to PrEP patients. The aim of this review was to identify priority areas and key gaps for continuing professional development (CPD) needs relating to PrEP for practicing pharmacists. An electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and CPD-related journals was supplemented with a manual search of references to identify articles describing pharmacists’ knowledge, perceptions and experience with PrEP. A total of eight articles were identified across four countries. Pharmacists were consistently found to lack knowledge and awareness of PrEP, express low confidence/comfort with patient care practices, report a lack of experience and/or intentions to provide patient care, but overall had positive perceptions of PrEP therapy. Older pharmacists with more experience commonly reported greater knowledge gaps than recently trained pharmacists. CPD should therefore aim to increase pharmacists’ baseline knowledge and awareness of PrEP and treatment guidelines, as well as be directed towards older pharmacists with more experience.
Video-Based Pulse Rate Variability Measurement Using Periodic Variance Maximization and Adaptive Two-Window Peak Detection
Authors: Li Peixi , Benezeth Yannick , Macwan Richard , Nakamura Keisuke , Gomez Randy , Li Chao , Yang Fan
Published: May 2020

Many previous studies have shown that the remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can measure the Heart Rate (HR) signal with very high accuracy. The remote measurement of the Pulse Rate Variability (PRV) signal is also possible, but this is much more complicated because it is then necessary to detect the peaks on the temporal rPPG signal, which is usually quite noisy and has a lower temporal resolution than PPG signals obtained by contact equipment. Since the PRV signal is vital for various applications such as remote recognition of stress and emotion, the improvement of PRV measurement by rPPG is a critical task. Contact based PRV measurement has already been investigated, but the research on remotely measured PRV is very limited. In this paper, we propose to use the Periodic Variance Maximization (PVM) method to extract the rPPG signal and event-related Two-Window algorithm to improve the peak detection for PRV measurement. We have made several contributions. Firstly, we show that the newly proposed PVM method and Two-Window algorithm can be used for PRV measurement in the non-contact scenario. Secondly, we propose a method to adaptively determine the parameters of the Two-Window method. Thirdly, we compare the algorithm with other attempts for improving the non-contact PRV measurement such as the Slope Sum Function (SSF) method and the Local Maximum method. We calculated several features and compared the accuracy based on the ground truth provided by contact equipment. Our experiments showed that this algorithm performed the best of all the algorithms.
SteadEye-Head—Improving MARG-Sensor Based Head Orientation Measurements Through Eye Tracking Data
Authors: Wöhle Lukas , Gebhard Marion
Published: May 2020

This paper presents the use of eye tracking data in Magnetic AngularRate Gravity (MARG)-sensor based head orientation estimation. The approach presented here can be deployed in any motion measurement that includes MARG and eye tracking sensors (e.g., rehabilitation robotics or medical diagnostics). The challenge in these mostly indoor applications is the presence of magnetic field disturbances at the location of the MARG-sensor. In this work, eye tracking data (visual fixations) are used to enable zero orientation change updates in the MARG-sensor data fusion chain. The approach is based on a MARG-sensor data fusion filter, an online visual fixation detection algorithm as well as a dynamic angular rate threshold estimation for low latency and adaptive head motion noise parameterization. In this work we use an adaptation of Madgwicks gradient descent filter for MARG-sensor data fusion, but the approach could be used with any other data fusion process. The presented approach does not rely on additional stationary or local environmental references and is therefore self-contained. The proposed system is benchmarked against a Qualisys motion capture system, a gold standard in human motion analysis, showing improved heading accuracy for the MARG-sensor data fusion up to a factor of 0.5 while magnetic disturbance is present.
Monitoring of the Static and Dynamic Displacements of Railway Bridges with the Use of Inertial Sensors
Authors: Olaszek Piotr , Wyczałek Ireneusz , Sala Damian , Kokot Marek , Świercz Andrzej
Published: May 2020

In the case of the monitoring of bridges, the determination of vertical displacements is one of the most important issues. A new measuring system has been developed and implemented for assessment of railway bridges based on measurements of the structural response to passing trains. The system uses inertial sensors: Inclinometers and accelerometers that do not need any referential points. The system records signals related to the passage of a train over a monitored bridge. The signals from inclinometers before the train’s entry are used to determine the static movement. Integrated signals from inclinometers and accelerometers are used to determine dynamic displacements when the train goes through the bridge. Signals from inclinometers are used to determine the so-called “quasi-static” component of the displacement and signal from the accelerometer to determine the dynamic component. Field tests have been carried out on a viaduct along a high-speed railway line. Periodic comparative measurements are carried out using a Total Station to verify static measurements and using inductive sensors to verify dynamic measurements. Tests of the system carried out so far have proven its usefulness for monitoring bridges in a high-speed railway (up to 200 km/h) with high accuracy while determining dynamic displacements.
Robert Elsmere : Roman sur Renan, roman renanien
Authors: Kawthar Daouda Marie
Published: May 2020

A sa parution en 1888, Robert Elsmere de Mary Humphry Ward suscite un vif engouement. L’intrication d’intrigues amoureuses séduit un vaste lectorat, tandis que quelques initiés du cercle intellectuel fréquenté par Mary Ward le lisent comme un roman à clés offrant une judicieuse mise en présence de différentes thèses sur la véracité du corpus évangélique. Le personnage principal emprunte de nombreux traits à Ernest Renan, que Mary Ward a rencontré en 1 874. Toutefois, l’hommage de la romancière n est pas rendu à travers une biographie romancée, mais par la mise en forme romanesque d’une évolution théologique dont Renan est moins le modèle que la caution intellectuelle. Robert Elsmere ne serait pas tant un double fictionnel de Renan qu’un personnage christique selon Renan, et dont le parcours transposerait au monde contemporain la lecture renanienne de la vie de Jésus.
Studies in Neotropical Araliaceae. V. Sciodaphyllum zarucchii (Araliaceae), a New Species from Antioquia, Colombia, Honoring James L. Zarucchi (1952–2019)
Authors: Mora M. Marcela , Lowry II Porter P. , Plunkett Gregory M. , Idárraga-Piedrahíta Álvaro , Jiménez-Montoya Jáider , Raven Peter H.
Published: May 2020

Sciodaphyllum zarucchii M. M. Mora, Lowry, Idárraga, Jiménez-Mont. & G. M. Plunkett (Araliaceae) is described as a new species in honor of James L. Zarucchi (1952–2019). It occurs in humid premontane and montane forests on the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental in the department of Antioquia, Colombia, where it is known from only two localities, one of which is highly threatened by forest clearing. A risk of extinction assessment using the IUCN Red List criteria reveals that S. zarucchii is Endangered.
Copper Deficiency: An Overlooked Cause of Anemia and Leucopenia
Authors: Sandhu Avneek Singh , Kim James , Binepal Sivjot , Gentry Michael , Calvo Alejandro
Published: May 2020

Copper deficiency (hypocupremia) is an acknowledged but often overlooked cause of anemia and leukopenia (1-4). It is recognized as a frequent cause of hypochromic microcytic anemia, leukopenia, and neuropathy. Copper deficiency anemia has been reported after gastric resection (e.g., Roux-en-Y) (1, 5, 6), excessive zinc consumption (1, 6-9), and in patients with short bowel syndrome receiving total parenteral or enteral nutrition lacking adequate copper supplementation (1, 2). We report a case of vitamin B12, and iron refractory severe anemia and leucopenia with history of Roux-en-Y surgery. Myelodysplastic syndrome was suspected. Bone marrow biopsy was consistent with copper deficiency and serum copper levels were undetectable. The patient experienced complete hematological recovery after copper replacement therapy.
Can we Rely on Transcutaneous Bilirbinometry during Phototherapy?
Authors: Varughese Dr. Pearl Mary
Published: May 2020

Background:Neonatal jaundiceis one of the main reasons for prolonged hospitalization in newborns, and its progress and treatment depends on serum bilirubin values. Phototherapy remains the mainstay of treatment of pathological jaundice in newborn babies. Though, transcutaneous bilirubinometer has been used as a screening device for measuring bilirubin, its role during phototherapy has always been questioned.
Objective: To study the correlation between Transcutaneous bilirubinometer (TcB) values with serum bilirubin levels (TSB) in infants during phototherapy in term and late preterm babies.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary new-born center from November 2014 to June 2016. The inclusion criteria included all babies above 34 weeks gestation and exclusion criteria included babies with established direct hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal septicemia, major congenital/ gastrointestinal malformations, and those on phototherapy.
Splitting Goldbach’s Twin Prime Conjecture Asunder for Even Numbers
Authors: Sakyi Kwesi Atta
Published: May 2020

The Goldbach Conjecture remains one of the several unsolved mathematical problems today, along with the Twin Prime Conjecture. It is said to be one of the simplest mathematical problems to state yet the most difficult to prove. In this paper, the author explores a few even numbers about the problem, and, using them as his sample size, juxtaposes his ideas with those of others through literature review. The author explores a solution to the Goldbach conjecture which was put forward about 275 years ago, by a German mathematician, Christian Goldbach, who was a contemporary of the genius German mathematician, Leonhard Euler. Euler in a letter to Goldbach, had confessed at the time that unfortunately, he (Euler) could not prove Goldbach’s mathematical poser. Through fundamental analysis and critical thinking, this author attempts to share his thoughts on how to resolve this long-standing mathematical debacle. The methodology used is basic, experimental, and exploratory, with the use of inferences through recognition of number patterns. We hope that this paper will make a small contribution to the discourse on Goldbach’s conjecture, whose solution has eluded mathematicians for about 275 years.
The influence of railway vehicle modeling approach on the dynamic response of a bridge span
Authors: Marek Szafranski
Published: May 2020

The paper presents the results of numerical analysis and in-situ measurements of two railway bridge spans subjected to an action of moving vehicles. The railway vehicle is introduced using four simplified load models: series of concentrated forces, series of lumped masses and series of single-mass and two-mass oscillators. Numerical simulations are performed using FE method. The dynamic parameters of the vehicle and the bridge models are determined on the basis of modal identification results of existing structures – EN57 traction unit and steel bridges of 10 and 30 m theoretical span length. The vertical displacements and accelerations of the mid-span are analysed. The numerical results are referred to the results of in-situ measurements performed under operating conditions. A qualitative and quantitative comparison is made for all load models and bridge spans under analysis in the forced vibration range.
Ideational Meaning of Traditional Wedding Ceremony Horja Haroan Boru Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Daulay Irma Khoirot , Saragih Amrin , Husein Rahmad
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed at finding out the ideational meaning on traditional wedding ceremony Horja Haroan Boru Tapanuli Selatan (HHBTS) and to elaborate the reason for the use of verbal components from three side namely Mora, Kahanggi and Anak boru. The analysis of this studyused qualitative analysis, and the theory used was from M.A.K. Halliday (1985, 1994 and 2004). This study found that the language being used by three participants (Kahanggi, Mora and Anakboru) namely; Kahanggi is dominantly used material activities, Mora and anakboru are dominantly used Mental and behavioral activities. Moreover, these three participants shows their position while Kahanggi as the host of the ceremony, anakboru as the supporter who take the responsibility in preparing the stuff in every steps of ceremony, while mora has the power to give advice, suggestion, permission and rejection in that ceremony
Multiculturalism Education for Refugees in Transit
Authors: Wahyuni Dewi Sari , Bayu Eka Pasca Surya
Published: May 2020

In non-formal classroom during their waiting time in transit, refugees often found it difficult to have dynamic teamwork with others from diverse sociocultural. Things considered small stuffs for some turned out to be a problematic issue to others. Their various background; home countries, ethnicities, previous socioeconomic status added to the exclusion and specific group connection with tendency of being unsettled when they were obligated to mix with their fellows outside their comfort group. Even though most of these people have experienced in moving around from one country into another, their marginal life was not a much of help to their socialization with people outside of their community. Promoting multicultural education which values diversity and includes the perspectives of a variety of cultural groups on a regular basis took longer time to decrease prejudice, tolerate changing habits and eliminate gender bias.
EUROPEAN DIMENSIONS OF ADULT EDUCATION POLICY
Authors: Ogienko Olena
Published: May 2020

The article defines and analyzes the leading factors, mechanisms and tendencies of the Eu-ropean adult education policy formation. It is determined that the leading factors of the European adult edu-cation area formation are processes of globalization, integration, democratization, and informatization. It has been revealed that international conferences on adult education (CONFITEA) have a special significance in shaping the strategy for the development of adult education. International and European documents and programs are the main mechanisms for the implementation of European education policy. It has been shown that although European documents on the development and functioning of adult education systems are advi-sory, each country has an opportunity to relate them to national traditions and adapt to their needs. The trends in the context of the European adult education area formation are identified, which include: the grad-ual transformation of adult education into a key factor of sustainable economic and social development in European countries; strengthening of the European dimension and integration of educational systems; con-vergence in adult education, which provides «mitigation» of the influence of megatrends and the develop-ment of mechanisms for the preservation of the national component and national specificity of adult educa-tion systems; glocalization which enables to optimally harmonize the global and national needs for ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy and education; complementarity, harmonious coherence of adult education systems in European countries. It is shown that the European dimension in national educa-tion policy is able to provide an adult individual with equal opportunities and competitiveness in the Europe-an labour market. Therefore, it is advisable to form the Ukrainian education policy in the field of adult educa-tion in accordance with European approaches that should be considered as a necessary measure which is able of responding to current challenges and ensuring the entry into a single European educational space.
СУСПІЛЬНИЙ ПРІОРИТЕТ ОСВІЧЕНОСТІ
Authors: Filipchuk Heorhii
Published: May 2020

Стаття присвячена проблемам української державності, вихованню нації, ефек-тивному використанню наукового людського капіталу та якості освіти України. Зазначено, що ідеали волі, незалежності, соборності, єдності, закладені в свідомість народу, розділеного чужинсь-ким гнітом, практично творили нову українську душу, впливаючи на всі верстви населення, особли-во на тонкий прошарок переднього ряду української інтелігенції. Розкрита потреба у безперервному вихованні нації – найбільш значущій місії, якою мають перейматися держава і громадянське суспі-льство, оскільки прогрес відбувається лише тоді, коли він охоплений просвітництвом, яке зрощує потенціал інтелекту, етики, мотивуючи прагнення народу до наук, освіти, мистецтва, знань. Ак-центується увага на тому, що освіта прямо впливає і змінює життя людини, суспільства, держа-ви. Виявлено, що допоки в країні не сформується система щодо нарощування і ефективного викори-стання наукового людського капіталу, збереження вмотивованих і високоосвічених фахівців, до то-го часу ситуація нагадуватиме про усвідомлену тенденцію нищення національного інтелектуаль-ного потенціалу. Доведено, що в основі модернізації освіти покладено якість викладання, інструме-нтарію та навчально-методичного забезпечення, а також соціокультурне середовище. Суспільно-державною нормою і головним принципом має стати підхід, що фінансувати науку, освіту, культу-ру не можна, опираючись лише на світобачення бюрократії, оскільки вона тимчасово перебуває на «апостольських ристалищах». Встановлено, що суспільно-державні норми поведінки необхідно ви-будовувати згідно національних ідеалів, загальнолюдськості, незайманості прав і людських свобод, упроваджуючи високі міжнародні науково-освітні стандарти, які мають стати надійними скріпа-ми для зміцнення поступу українського народу і держави.
Hubungan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai dan Kekuatan Otot Perut dengan Ketepatan Smash Bola Voli pada Siswa Kelas IX SMP Muhammadiyah Tanjungpandan
Authors: Arnini Arnini , Simbolon Muhammad E M , Oktarina Oktarina
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kegiatan pembelajaran bola voli dalam rangka pembinaan pembelajaran. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan yag signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dan kekuatan otot perut dengan ketepatan smash bola voli pada siswa kelas IX SMP Muhammadiyah Tanjungpandan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode korelasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga variabel yang terdiri dari dua variabel bebas (daya ledak otot tungkai dan kekuatan otot perut) dan satu variabel terikat yaitu ketepatan smash bola voli. Subyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah siswa putra putri kelas IX SMP Muhammadiyah Tanjungpandan sebanyak 31 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pada penelitian ini adalah daya ledak otot tungkai dengan tes vertical jump, kekuatan otot perut dengan tes sit-up, dan ketepatan smash bola voli dengan tes smash. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik korelasi product moment, sebelum dianalisis dilakukan uji prasyarat analisis yang meliputi uji normalitas dan uji linearitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Ada hubungan yang disignifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dengan ketepatan smash bola voli, hasil uji korelasi yang diperoleh rhitung = 0,979 > rtabel =  0,355 dengan signifikansi 0,05. (2) Ada hubungan antara kekuatan otot perut dengan ketepatan smash bola voli, hasil uji korelasi yang diperoleh rhitung = 0,911 > rtabel = 0,355 dengan signifikansi 0,05.   (3) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dan kekuatan otot perut dengan ketepatan smash bola voli, hasil uji korelasi ganda yang diperoleh rhitung  = 0,964 > rtabel = 0,355 dengan signifikansi (α= 0,05).
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Resiprokal terhadap Hasil Belajar Menendang dengan Kaki Bagian Dalam pada Permainan Sepakbola Siswa Kelas X MAN 1 Pangkalpinang
Authors: Saputra Fadli , Yuanita Yuanita , Walton Erick Prayogo
Published: May 2020

Materi Sepakbola khususnya praktek menendang dengan kaki bagian dalam di MAN 1 Pangkalpinang masih terdapat banyak kesalahan dan juga cenderung kurang aktif karena hanya terfokus pada guru saja dalam proses pembelajarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran resiprokal terhadap hasil belajar menendang dengan kaki bagian dalam pada permainan sepakbola siswa kelas X MAN 1 Pangkalpinang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Desain penelitian ekperimental yang digunakan adalah dengan bentuk desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design dengan suatu perlakuan. Populasi terdiri dari 84 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan uji normalitas kolmogorov-simirnov, uji homogenitas menggunakan uji fisher, uji hipotesis menggunakan rumus the polled variance dengan syarat thitung lebih besar dari ttabel. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu ,3,017>1,989, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima. Maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh metode pembelajaran resiprokal terhadap hasil belajar menendang dengan kaki bagian dalam pada permainan sepakbola siswa kelas X MAN 1 Pangkalpinang.
COMBAT DENGUE : KEGIATAN KREATIF BERBASIS PENGUATAN MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN DBD DI DESA GEBUGAN
Authors: Pertiwi Kartika Dian
Published: May 2020

Abstrak

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat walaupun telah dikendalikan lebih dari 20 tahun dengan berbagai upaya. Peran serta masyarakat sangat besar dalam upaya pengendalian sehingga pemberdayaan masyarakat penting dilakukan untuk mengurangi kejadian penyakit DBD. Pemberdayaan masyarakat akan sangat membantu pemerintah dalam menyukseskan upaya preventif DBD sehingga DBD dapat dikendalikan. Kecamatan Bergas menempati peringkat ke 3 dengan jumlah penderita demam berdarah terbanyak di Kabupaten Semarang. Desa Gebugan merupakan penyumbang penderita demam berdarah terbanyak di wilayah Kecamatan Bergas. Kompleksitas permasalahan DBD membutuhkan upaya penyelesaian yang terintegrasi, dalam hal ini pengusul melakukan program pengembangan masyarakat, dimana kegiatan ini dilakukan bersama, oleh masyarakat, dan untuk masyarakat, sehingga masyarakat memiliki peran dan fungsi vital dalam lingkungannya sendiri yang disebut dengan Combat Degue. Combat Dengue ini adalah pengembangan masyarakat, dimana disini kami memberdayakan masyarakat untuk dapat secara mandiri menerapkan prinsip-prinsip PHBS yang berhubungan dengan pemberatasan sarang nyamuk DBD, serta menghimbau masyarakat melalui kader kesehatan untuk mempergunakan sumber daya local yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengusir nyamuk yang dapat memutus rantai perkembangan nyamuk DBD. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap praktik pencegahan DBD dan peningkatan ABJ di Desa Gebugan.

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a public health problem even though it has been controlled for more than 20 years with various efforts. Community participation is very large in the control effort so that community empowerment is important to reduce the incidence of DHF. Community empowerment will greatly help the government in the success of preventive measures so that DHF can be controlled. Bergas District is ranked 3rd with the highest number of dengue fever sufferers in Semarang Regency. Gebugan Village is the largest contributor to dengue patients in the District of Bergas. The complexity of the DHF problem requires an integrated resolution effort, in this case the proposer conducts a community development program, where this activity is carried out together, by the community, and for the community, so that the community has a vital role and function in their own environment called Combat Degue. Combat Dengue is a community development, where we empower people to be able to independently implement the PHBS principles relating to the restriction of dengue mosquito nests, and encourage the community through health cadres to use local resources that can be used as mosquito repellent that can break the chain development of DHF mosquitoes. The results of the activity showed an increase in public knowledge about the practice of preventing DHF and an increase in ABJ in Gebugan Village.
Papel Atual da Angiotomografia de Coronárias na Avaliação Inicial da Doença Coronariana
Authors: Barreto Bittencourt Joana , Andion Torreão Jorge , Rocha Filho José
Published: May 2020

A angitomografia (AngioTC) como estratégia de primeira linha para avaliar pacientes com dor torácica e probabilidade intermediária de doença arterial coronariana mostrou-se de extrema importância nos estudos revelados (ACCURACY, CONFIRM, SCOT HEART, PROMISE, CORE320, PACIFIC, NXT Trial). Esta técnica é não invasiva e permite o diagnóstico da doença coronariana no estágio inicial, com a identificação da placa rica em lipídio. O National Institute for Health and Care Excellences (NICE) Clinical Guideline, em 2016, traz como recomendação a realização da angitomografia de artérias coronárias como estratégia de primeira linha em todos os pacientes que apresentaram dor torácica com a suspeita de doença arterial coronariana. Desta forma, pode-se afirmar que a adição da angiotomografiaà estratégia padrão reduz eventos coronarianos, principalmente infarto não fatal.