bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise de vídeos didáticos autorais desenvolvidos no contexto da Tecnodocência
Authors: Lima Luciana de , Loureiro Robson Carlos , Rocha Maria Ariane Cardoso da
Published: December 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa é descrever as características técnicas e metodológicas dos vídeos produzidos pelos licenciandos que cursaram a disciplina Tecnodocência, ofertada por Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior (IPES). A pesquisa apresenta caráter descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. A unidade de análise é composta por três vídeos desenvolvidos por grupos interdisciplinares. Como instrumento de coleta de dados é utilizada planilha eletrônica e relatório, para transcrição das informações e para mapeamento descritivo de cada vídeo. A análise de dados pauta-se na descrição e na interpretação dos dados por meio da comparação direta com o referencial teórico, destacando-se duas categorias: elementos técnicos e elementos metodológicos. Os vídeos didáticos se caracterizaram como vídeos de mediação, voltados principalmente para aulas expositivas. As obras analisadas demonstraram preocupação maior quanto aos atributos metodológicos, buscando trabalhar os conteúdos de maneira interdisciplinar. As características técnicas se mantiveram em níveis possíveis de reprodução em sala de aula.
Escolas especializadas: uma análise sobre sua subsistência frente à politica pública de inclusão
Authors: Amaral Claudia Tavares do , Castro Juliany Alves
Published: December 2021

A atualidade ainda é marcada pelas discussões sobre o processo de inclusão de alunos nas escolas de ensino regular, porém, há muitos profissionais e muitas famílias que acreditam que os alunos público-alvo da Educação Especial devem ser direcionados para escolas especializadas, pois, assim, terão suas necessidades atendidas de forma mais abrangente. Este artigo insere-se nesse contexto e tem como objetivo analisar a existência de escolas especializadas perante a legislação que enfatiza a inclusão e a obrigatoriedade das escolas regulares de receberem estudantes com deficiência. Como metodologia, a pesquisa teve cunho bibliográfico e documental, pautando-se, sobretudo, em autores como Mendes (2006, 2010, 2019), Pletsch (2012) e Silva (2006), que tratam da temática e nos fornecem elementos para subsidiar o estudo. Os resultados apontam para diferenciações muito evidentes nas escolas especializadas e nas escolas regulares, principalmente diante da postura pedagógica e metodológica com esses alunos. Remetem à necessidade de maior investimento em formação específica dos professores que atuam nas escolas regulares, para que seja possível diminuir impactos negativos na inclusão dos alunos com deficiência nesse espaço, e para minimizar preconceitos de segregação histórica que marcam aquelas pessoas com deficiência, fazendo com que sejam direcionadas às escolas especializadas, mesmo quando não oferecem condições de socialização e interação com alunos que não possuem deficiência.
Effect of Corporate Governance Practices on Organizational Performance of State Corporations in the Health Sector, Kenya
Authors:   KCA University, Emodia Nicholas Adego , Mwanzia Mary ,   KCA University
Published: December 2021

Sound corporate governance practices are a major contributor to effective and efficient management of State Corporations in the health sector in Kenya. Since independence, the level of accountability in management of State Corporations has continued to decline despite the availability of various monitoring structures like legal frameworks, ethics and integrity, policies and the code of conduct and ethics intended to provide a clear road map to successful performance of the State Corporations. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of corporate governance practices on the performance of the State Corporations in the health sector in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design with a population comprising of the health State Corporations. Primary data was collected the using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. The results indicated that accountability and organizational performance of health State Corporations is positively and significantly related. The results further indicated that transparency and organizational performance of health State Corporations is positively and significantly related Board Responsibility and organizational performance of health State Corporations is positively and significantly related. Moral Integrity and organizational performance of health State Corporations is positively and significantly related The study concluded that corporate governance practices have a positive and significant effect on organizational performance of State Corporations in the health sector in Kenya. The study recommended that the management of the State corporations should establish certain control mechanisms that ensure accountability. The study recommended that there should continuous internal check and audit on the part of management and low level of management to ensure adequate accountability systems in the State Corporations. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Organizational Performance & State Corporations
Perbincangan Sosialisasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Namora Dian , Bakar Abu
Published: December 2021

The purpose of writing this article is to examine the approach to the formulation of education policy problems, the stages of policy formulation and the formulation of education policies, actors in the formulation of education policies and must be able to socialize education policies and education policy socialization strategies through the socialization media of education policy. This method of writing uses the methodology of the study of literature. The writing of this article is done by reviewing several journals related to education policy contained in the google scholar data base. The results of the study are then spelled out through scientific articles. To complete the Discussion of Socialization of Islamic Education Policy, education organizers must be able to know the framework of education policy development. Namely by contributing and approaching the formulation of education policy problems, the stage of formulation of policy problems and the formulation of education policies, actors in the formulation of education policies and must be able to do the stage of socialization of education policy at the preparatory stage, the stage of mimicking (play stage), and the stage of action (game stage), and able to conduct educational policy socialization strategies through the medium of socialization of policy.  education.Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji pendekatan terhadap perumusan masalah kebijakan pendidikan, tahapan perumusan masalah kebijakan dan perumusan kebijakan pendidikan, aktor dalam perumusan kebijakan pendidikan serta harus mampu melakukan sosialisasi kebijakan pendidikan dan strategi sosialisasi kebijakan pendidikan melalui media sosialisasai kebijakan pendidikan. Metode penulisan ini menggunakan metodologi studi kepustakan. Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan dengan mengkaji beberapa journal yang berhubungan dengan kebijakan pendidikan yang terdapat pada data base google scholar. Hasil dari pengkajian kemudian dijabarkan melalui artikel ilmiah. Untuk menyelesaikan Perbincangan Sosialisasi Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam maka penyelenggara pendidikan harus mampu mengetahui kerangka kerja pengembangan kebijakan pendidikan. Yaitu dengan mengkontribusikan dan melakukan pendekatan terhadap perumusan masalah kebijakan pendidikan, tahapan perumusan masalah kebijakan dan perumusan kebijakan pendidikan, aktor dalam perumusan kebijakan pendidikan serta harus mampu melakukan tahapan sosialisasi kebijakan pendidikan pada tahap persiapan (preparatory stage), tahap meniru (play stage), dan tahap tindakan (game stage), serta mampu melakukan strategi sosialisasi kebijakan pendidikan melalui media sosialisasai kebijakan pendidikan.
tratamentos propostos
Authors: savi Alessandro otavio silton , Zimermann Camila Pereira , Ranthum Larissa Knysak
Published: December 2021

Há muitas propostas de terapias sendo utilizadas para o tratamento da COVID-19, sendo que muitas ainda devem ter sua efetividade e segurança avaliadas. Este documento visa comentar de maneira transparente, tratamentos farmacológicos e suas evidências científicas, tratamentos farmacológicos da COVID-19 no Brasil.
Firefighter Safety and Photovoltaic Systems Summary
Authors:   UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, Backstrom Robert , Dini David
Published: December 2021

Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Fire Prevention and Safety Research Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service concerns of photovoltaic (PV) systems. These concerns include firefighter vulnerability to electrical and casualty hazards when mitigating a fire involving photovoltaic (PV) modules systems. The need for this project is significant acknowledging the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, growing at a rate of 30% annually. As a result of greater utilization, traditional firefighter tactics for suppression, ventilation and overhaul have been complicated, leaving firefighters vulnerable to potentially unrecognized exposure. Though the electrical and fire hazards associated with electrical generation and distribution systems is well known, PV systems present unique safety considerations. A very limited body of knowledge and insufficient data exists to understand the risks to the extent that the fire service has been unable to develop safety solutions and respond in a safe manner. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the hazards associated with PV installations. This data provides the foundation to modify current or develop new firefighting practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. A functioning PV array was constructed at Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL to serve as a test fixture. The main test array consisted of 26 PV framed modules rated 230 W each (5980 W total rated power). Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of power isolation techniques and the potential hazard from contact of typical firefighter tools with live electrical PV components. Existing fire test fixtures located at the Delaware County Emergency Services Training Center were modified to construct full scale representations of roof mounted PV systems. PV arrays were mounted above Class A roofs supported by wood trusses. Two series of experiments were conducted. The first series represented a room of content fire, extending into the attic space, breaching the roof and resulting in structural collapse. Three PV technologies were subjected to this fire condition – rack mounted metal framed, glass on polymer modules, building integrated PV shingles, and a flexible laminate attached to a standing metal seam roof. A second series of experiments was conducted on the metal frame technology. These experiments represented two fire scenarios, a room of content fire venting from a window and the ignition of debris accumulation under the array. The results of these experiments provide a technical basis for the fire service to examine their equipment, tactics, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of potential electrical shock hazard from PV installations during and after a fire event.
Breaking Point Endemism of Ranunculus bikramii Aswal & Mehrotra (Ranunculaceae) - New Locality Reports from Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand
Authors: Pusalkar Prashant , Srivastava S.
Published: December 2021

Ranunculus bikramii Aswal & Mehrotra (Ranunculaceae), a point endemic species from Rohtang pass, Lahaul-Spiti district, Himachal Pradesh is reported here as new record for the flora of Uttarakhand and Jammu & Kashmir. Furthermore, additional distributional localities in Himachal Pradesh are also provided recording wider distribution range with locally common occurrence for this Indian Western Himalayan endemic species.
Distributional Note on Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G.Don) Steenis (Bignoniaceae)
Authors: Krishna Gopal , Kumar Anant , Lakshminarasimhan P. , Kumar Anand
Published: December 2021

During the botanical exploration tour to Aurangabad and Nawada districts of Bihar in 2014-15, authors collected Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall. ex G.Don) Steenis (Bignoniaceae), a species not recorded from Bihar so far. The present collection is reported as new generic record from Bihar as naturalised. Detailed morphological description, habitat and distribution in India are presented here.
Sinoxylon anale Lesne (Coleoptera : Bostrychidae) : A New Record of Potential Wood Borer in Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub.
Authors: Roychoudhury N.
Published: December 2021

Sinoxylon anale Lesne is recorded for the first time as a major wood borer in poles/logs of Xylia xylocarpa at timber depot, Gadegaon, Bhandara, Maharashtra. The emergence of this wood borer generally occurs during the month of June-July and continues till the poles/logs are available in depot. This is an annual phenomenon that occurs every year with varying intensity in respect of girth class of poles/logs. Lowest girth class poles/logs of 16-25 cm GBH exhibited highest damage of borer (47.00%), followed by 26-35 cm GBH (22.67%) and 36-45 cm GBH poles (8.67%).
Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) Holttum, A New Record to Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Authors: Kholia Bhupendra , Singh Lal , Srivastava S.
Published: December 2021

Based on the recent collection a tree fern Cyathea gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) Holttum is reported here for the first time from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
Two new records of family Lejeuneaceae (Marchantiophyta) from Sikkim, India
Authors: Singh Devendra
Published: December 2021

Two species of family Lejeuneaceae, viz. Cololejeunea subocelloides Mizut. and Drepanolejeunea laciniata Qiong He & R.L.Zhu are described for the first time in Indian bryoflora from Sikkim.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Composition, Quantification and Characterization at the three MSW Dumping Sites of Himachal Pradesh: A Case Study
Authors: Verma Nemit , Tripathi A.K.
Published: December 2021

Methane emission from landfills due to unmanaged dumping contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and ultimately to climate change. The green house gas emission from the dumping sites depends on various factors like quantity of waste generated, composition of solid waste, and characteristics of solid waste. The quantification and characterization of urban solid waste generation is fundamental for adequate decision making in the management strategy of urban solid waste in a city. The objective of this study is to quantify and characterize the waste generated in the three cities of Himachal Pradesh i.e. Shimla, Solan and Nahan. The chemical characteristics study include pH, Moisture, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Carbon and C/N ration and physical studies includes the composition of different waste categories. The annual waste generation in Shimla, Solan and Nahan calculated in this study 17,426.52, 7,130.70 and 1,608.37 tons (t) respectively for the year (yr) 2012-13. The main fractions were: Food and Carbon waste, paper and plastic waste. The pH of MSW was found slight to highly acidic in nature whereas moisture content was found to be in the range from 42.60 ± 1.95 in Nahan to 60.12 ± 1.39% in Shimla. The N, K, P and C estimated were found maximum 0.81% (Shimla), 0.65% (Nahan), 0.33% (Shimla), and 40.49% (Solan) respectively.
Bionomics of Mycophagous Coccinellid, Halyzia tschitscherini Semenor (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Mulberry in Temperate Region of Kashmir
Authors: Mittal Vishal , Ramegowda G. , Irfan Illahi , Babulal  , Sharma S.P.
Published: December 2021

The mycophagous insect Halyzia tschitscherini Semenor is a potential biocontrol agent of Powdery Mildew, Phyllactinea corylea (Pess.) in Mulberry. The present study covers the bionomics of H. tschitscherini and its feeding behavior on Powdery Mildew infected Mulberry leaves. The eggs are laid in clusters of 5-24 with an average of 15.75±5.40 eggs per leaf on the abaxial surface of infected leaves. The incubation period was recorded 4.46±0.50.The larval span of first, second, third and fourth instars was recorded as 2.54±0.50, 3.91±0.80, 4.68±0.71, 5.70±0.70 days respectively and total larval span about 16.83 days and for entire life cycle in 30 days. The measurements in mean length and breadth of different stages of H. tschitscherini viz. eggs (1.69 ± 0.04 & 0.71± 0.02), first instar (1.92 ± 0.15 & 0.68 ± 0.02), second instar (3.97 ± 0.32 & 0.82 ± 0.12), third instar (5.50 ±0.65 & 1.26 ±0.14), fourth instars (8.21±0.74 & 1.93±0.20) pupa (5.22±0.23 &3.35±0.23) and male (5.30±0.72 & 3.35±0.41) and female adults were 5.83±0.20 &3.59± 0.24, respectively. The grubs feed only on conidia during first instar, on conidia and conidiophores during second instar, and also on parts of mycelia during third instar. The final instar grub feed on entire aerial mycelia mass leaving only stomatopodia and hyphal remnants. Pupation is for 9-10 days. Adults also feed voraciously on the fungal mass. Field observations indicated a drastic fall in the incidence of Powdery Mildew disease in Mulberry even in the usual peak disease period, with the increased population of H. tschitscherini in the Mulberry garden.
In vitro multiplication of Coleus barbatus (Patharchur) in response to various growth regulatory hormones
Authors: Bakshi Meena , Mittal Aanchal , Tewari Chanderkant
Published: December 2021

Coleus barbatus (Patharchur) - an important medicinal species was multiplied through in vitro techniques in response to various growth regulatory hormones. Sterilization of explants was carried out with 0.1% Mercuric chloride for 10 min. Inoculation of explants on MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with lower concentration of auxin NAA (0.25mg/L) and higher concentration of cytokinin BAP (1mg/L) proved quite effective. The maximum rooting % (100%) and maximum number of roots (8) were found in plants cultured on ½ strength MS media supplemented with NAA (1mg/L) while the length of roots was maximum with IBA (1mg/L). The plantlets were hardened, acclimatized and successfully transferred to the field conditions which showed 96% survival.
Endemic and Threatened Angiosperms of Chhattisgarh State, India
Authors: Singh Rajeev
Published: December 2021

The Endemic and Threatened Angiosperms of Chhattisgarh state are Enumerated with habit and phenology. Four species are strictly endemic to Chhattisgarh state and 116 species which are endemic to other states and found in Chhattisgarh are also reported.
Plant-People Interaction in Urban Landscape: A Study of IIFM Residential Colony in Bhopal City of India
Authors: Kala Chandra
Published: December 2021

The present study was carried out in the residential colony of the Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM) at Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, with the major objective of studying the plant-people interactions in the urban ecosystem. Continuous observations were made round the year on the interactions of people with the plant species for years in order to explore their ethnobotanical uses. IIFM residential colony has an interesting amalgamation of both wild and domestic plant species. A total 78 species were documented during the present study. Of the documented species, the maximum species was used for food and over 29% had medicinal properties hence they were used for treatment of various diseases.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of Rhizome Extract of Paris polyphylla Smith
Authors: Sati Jyoti , Trivedi Vijay , Attri Dharam , Nautiyal Mohan
Published: December 2021

The paper evaluates the antioxidant activity of extract of rhizomes of Paris polyphylla Smith. The present study was undertaken to appraise the non enzymatic antioxidant properties of Paris polyphylla. It is an important medicinal herb widely used in traditional medicines such as antihelmintic, antispasmodic, digestive, stomachic, expectorant, vermifuge and antidote against snake bite and also has the biological properties like anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-tumour, cytotoxicity and steroidal etc. The antioxidant activity of this plant was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), Total Phenolic content, SOD scavenging activity and total reducing power. The main objective of this study is, to evaluate the level of non enzymatic antioxidant properties of P. polyphylla that will be a potential source of natural antioxidant and a therapeutic agent in preventing the oxidative stress related diseases.
Medicinal Use of Bauhinia variegata L. (Kachnar) to Cure Ulcers
Authors: Tomar Amit
Published: December 2021

In this paper highlights a brief description of Bauhinia variegata Linn. belongs to Caesalpinaceae family is provided along with its medicinal use to cure ulcers.
Indian Premier League Using Different Aspects of Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors:   School of Business, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502345, India, Akhila Gande ,   Professor of Artificial Intelligence, School of Business, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, Telangana 502345, India,   Associate Professor of Analytics, Department of Decision Sciences, Robert Willumstad School of Business, Adelphi University, 11530, New York, USA, K Hemachandran , Jaramillo Juan R
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present article is to highlight the outcomes of Indian premier league cricket match utilizing a managed taking in come nearer from a team-based point of view. The methodology consists of prescriptive and descriptive models. Descriptive model focuses mainly on two aspects they are, it describes data and statistics of the previous information. i.e., batting, balling or allrounder and It predicts past matches of IPL. Predictive model predicts ranking and winning percentage of the team. The two models show the measurements of winning level of the group Winner that the user has selected. This paper predicts the result through which technique match has highest result. The dataset consists of two groups that is the toss outcome, venue date, which tells about of the counterpart for all matches. Since the nature impact can't be expected in the game, 109 matches which were either finished by downpour or draw/tie, have been taken out from the dataset. The dataset is partitioned into two sections to be specific the test information and the train information.The readiness dataset contains the 70% of the information from our dataset and the test dataset contains 30% of the information from our dataset. There were all out of 3500 coordinates in getting ready dataset and 1500 matches. This paper has been researched earlier by different scholars like Pathak and Wadwa, Munir etl ,and many other scholars. This viewpoint discusses the application of INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE Matches held in different states. Gives the score of batsman and bowler with the help of machine learning techniques. Focuses on predicted analysis which is predicted by applying with various AI strategies to the real outcome actual result and gives the percentage of predicted result.
Query-Based Image Retrieval using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors:   Adavanced Engineering Specialist, Accenture, Ireland, Europe, G Ajay ,   Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JAIN University, Bangalore, 560069 India,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering ,Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India, Kumar Abhishek , R Venkatesan
Published: December 2021

In many industries, the picture of the day now plays an important role in extracting information about the item. Many traditional image retrieval techniques have been used. It answers the user's question interactively by asking whether the image is relevant. In this digital age, graphics have become an important part of information processing. The image plays an important role in extracting information about the object in a variety of areas, including weather systems, tourism, medicine, and geology, in the processing of image registrations. There are several methods for retrieving images. It determines a person's inquiry interactively by asking users whether the image is relevant (similar). The efficient image database business has improved the process's functioning in the content-based image recovery system (CBIR). Content-based image recovery (CBIR) research has grown in importance. As individuals, we have studied and investigated various features in this manner or in combinations. We discovered that image Registration Processing (IRP) is a critical area in the industries. Several research papers on color feature and texture feature extraction were reviewed, and it was determined that point cloud data structure is best for image registration using the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm.
An Automated Optimize Utilization of Water and Crop Monitoring in Agriculture Using IoT
Authors:   Postgraduate, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Boston University, Massachusetts, 02139, US, R Ajith Krishna ,   Assistant Professor, Swami Keshvan and Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jaipur 302017, India,   Assistant Professor (SG),  Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, 502345, India, Kumar Ankit , K Vijay
Published: December 2021

Agriculture is the primary occupation in our country for ages. But now due to migration of people from rural to urban there is hindrance in agriculture. So, to overcome this problem we go for smart agriculture techniques using IoT. This paper includes various features like GPS based remote controlled monitoring, moisture & temperature sensing, intruders scaring, security, leaf wetness and proper irrigation facilities. It makes use of wireless sensor networks for noting the soil properties and environmental factors continuously. Various sensor nodes are deployed at different locations in the farm. Controlling these parameters are through any remote device or internet services and the operations are performed by interfacing sensors, Wi-Fi, camera with microcontroller. This concept is created as a product and given to the farmer’s welfare. AI Solution for Farmers perform soil analysis, climate analysis, and productivity analysis using linear regression. It helps farmers to understand about the crop to be sown as well as the factors affecting their productivity with the help of different types of graphs and tables. Farmers need not to do anything on the application as it is highly interactive as by using speech API.
Control Efficacy of Bacillus velezensis AFB2-2 against Potato Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans in Organic Potato Cultivation
Authors: Kim Min Jeong , Shim Chang Ki , Park Jong-Ho
Published: December 2021

Although late blight is an important disease in eco-friendly potato cultivation in Korea, it is highly dependent on the use of eco-friendly agricultural materials and the development of biological control technology is low. It is a necessary to develop an effective biocontrol agent to inactivate late blight in the field. AFB2-2 strain is a gram-positive with peritrichous flagella. It can utilize 20 types of carbon sources, like L-arabinose, and D-trehalose at 35°C. The optimal growth temperature of the strain is 37°C. It can survive at 20-50°C in tryptic soy broth. The maximum salt concentration tolerated by AFB2-2 strain is 7.5% NaCl. AFB2-2 strain inhibited the mycelial growth of seven plant pathogens by an average inhibitory zone of 10.2 mm or more. Among the concentrations of AFB2-2, 107 cfu/ml showed the highest control value of 85.7% in the greenhouse. Among the three concentrations of AFB2-2, the disease incidence and severity of potato late blight at 107 cfu/ml was lowest at 0.07 and 6.7, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of AFB2-2 strain were searched in the NCBI GenBank; Bacillus siamensis strain KCTC 13613, Bacillus velezensis strain CR-502, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain DSM7 were found to have a genetic similarity of 99.7%, 99.7%, and 99.5%, respectively. The AFB2-2 strain was found to harbor the biosynthetic genes for bacillomycin D, iturin, and surfactin. Obtained data recommended that the B. velezensis AFB2-2 strain could be considered as a promising biocontrol agent for P. infestans in the field.
Development of Molecular Marker to Detect Citrus Melanose Caused by Diaporthe citri from Citrus Melanose-like Symptoms
Authors: Choi Cheol-Woo , Jung Kyung-Eun , Kim Min-Ju , Yoon Su-Hyeon , Park Suk-Man , Jin Seong-Beom , Hyun Jae-Wook
Published: December 2021

It is difficult to distinguish melanose and melanoses-like symptoms with the naked eye because they appear similar. To accurately detect melanose symptoms caused by Diaporthe citri from melanose-like symptoms, we developed PCR-based specific primers Dcitri by aligning the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of D. citri with the ITS of Diaporthe cytosporella, Diaporthe foeniculina, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria citri, and Fusarium oxysporum found on citrus peel. PCR results showed that the specific product was amplified in D. citri but not in other isolates including, C. gloeosporioides, B. cinerea, A. citri, F. oxysporum. In addition, specific products were observed in melanose symptoms caused by D. citri but not in melanose-like symptoms, such as copper-injury, sunscald, damages by yellow tea thrips, and pink citrus rust mite. Using the Dcitri primers developed in this study, it is expected that melanose caused by D. citri could be accurately distinguished from melanose-like symptoms.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis for a Putative Pyridoxal Phosphate-Dependent Aminotransferase Required for Virulence in Acidovorax citrulli
Authors: Lee Jongchan , Heo Lynn , Han Sang-Wook
Published: December 2021

Acidovorax citrulli (Ac) is the causative agent of bacterial fruit blotch disease in watermelon. Since resistant cultivars have not yet been developed, the virulence factors/mechanisms of Ac need to be characterized. This study reports the functions of a putative pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferase (PpdaAc) that transfers amino groups to its substrates and uses pyridoxal phosphate as a coenzyme. It was observed that a ppdaAc knockout mutant had a significantly reduced virulence in watermelon when introduced via germinated-seed inoculation as well as leaf infiltration. Comparative proteomic analysis predicted the cellular mechanisms related to PpdaAc. Apart from causing virulence, the PpdaAc may have significant roles in energy production, cell membrane, motility, chemotaxis, post-translational modifications, and iron-related mechanisms. Therefore, it is postulated that PpdaAc may possess pleiotropic effects. These results provide new insights into the functions of a previously unidentified PpdaAc in Ac.
Application of the Maryblyt Model for the Infection of Fire Blight on Apple Trees at Chungju, Jecheon, and Eumsung during 2015-2020
Authors: Ahn Mun-Il , Yun Sung Chul
Published: December 2021

To preventively control fire blight in apple trees and determine policies regarding field monitoring, the Maryblyt ver. 7.1 model (MARYBLYT) was evaluated in the cities of Chungju, Jecheon, and Eumseong in Korea from 2015 to 2020. The number of blossom infection alerts was the highest in 2020 and the lowest in 2017 and 2018. And the common feature of MARYBLYT blossom infection risks during the flowering period was that the time of BIR-High or BIR-Infection alerts was the same regardless of location. The flowering periods of the trees required to operate the model varied according to the year and geographic location. The model predicts the risk of “Infection” during the flowering periods, and recommends the appropriate times to control blossom infection. In 2020, when flower blight was severe, the difference between the expected date of blossom blight symptoms presented by MARYBLYT and the date of actual symptom detection was only 1-3 days, implying that MARYBLYT is highly accurate. As the model was originally developed based on data obtained from the eastern region of the United States, which has a climate similar to that of Korea, this model can be used in Korea. To improve field utilization, however, the entire flowering period of multiple apple varieties needs to be considered when the model is applied. MARYBLYT is believed to be a useful tool for determining when to control and monitor apple cultivation areas that suffer from serious fire blight problems.
Evaluation of Streptomyces saraciticas as Soil Amendments for Controlling Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens
Authors: Wu Pei-Hsuan , Tsay Tung-Tsuan , Chen Peichen
Published: December 2021

Soil-borne diseases are the major problems in mono cropping. A mixture (designated LTM-m) composed of agricultural wastes and a beneficial microorganism Streptomyces saraceticus SS31 was used as soil amendments to evaluate its efficacy for managing Rhizoctonia solani and root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). In vitro antagonistic assays revealed that SS31 spore suspensions and culture broths effectively suppressed the growth of R. solani, reduced nematode egg hatching, and increased juvenile mortality. Assays using two Petri dishes revealed that LTM-m produced volatile compounds to inhibit the growth of R. solani and cause mortality to the root knot nematode eggs and juveniles. Pot and greenhouse tests showed that application of 0.08% LTM-m could achieve a great reduction of both diseases and significantly increase plant fresh weight. Greenhouse trials revealed that application of LTM-m could change soil properties, including soil pH value, electric conductivity, and soil organic matter. Our results indicate that application of LTM-m bio-organic amendments could effectively manage soil-borne pathogens.
Whole-Genome Characterization of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus Obtained from Metagenomic Analysis of Vinca minor and Wisteria sinensis in Iran: with Implications for the Genetic Structure of the Virus
Authors: Moradi Zohreh , Mehrvar Mohsen
Published: December 2021

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), an economically important pathogen, is present worldwide with a very wide host range. This work reports for the first time the infection of Vinca minor and Wisteria sinensis with AMV using RNA sequencing and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmation. De novo assembly and annotating of contigs revealed that RNA1, RNA2, and RNA3 genomic fragments consist of 3,690, 2,636, and 2,057 nucleotides (nt) for IR-VM and 3,690, 2,594, and 2,057 nt for IR-WS. RNA1 and RNA3 segments of IR-VM and IR-WS closely resembled those of the Chinese isolate HZ, with 99.23-99.26% and 98.04-98.09% nt identity, respectively. Their RNA2 resembled that of Canadian isolate CaM and American isolate OH-2-2017, with 97.96-98.07% nt identity. The P2 gene revealed more nucleotide diversity compared with other genes. Genes in the AMV genome were under dominant negative selection during evolution, and the P1 and coat protein (CP) proteins were subject to the strongest and weakest purifying selection, respectively. In the population genetic analysis based on the CP gene sequences, all 107 AMV isolates fell into two main clades (A, B) and isolates of clade A were further divided into three groups with significant subpopulation differentiation. The results indicated moderate genetic variation within and no clear geographic or genetic structure between the studied populations, implying moderate gene flow can play an important role in differentiation and distribution of genetic diversity among populations. Several factors have shaped the genetic structure and diversity of AMV: selection, recombination/reassortment, gene flow, and random processes such as founder effects.
Analisis Penerapan Metode Penyusutan Aktiva Tetap dan Implikasinya Terhadap Laba Pada CV. Boga Amanda
Authors: Siagian Mustika , Putri Rizqy Fadhlina
Published: December 2021

Tujuan dalam suatu perusahaan menjalankan usahanya adalah untuk mendapat laba yang maksimal atas investasi yang ditanamkan pada perusahaannya. Salah satu bentuk investasi dalam perusahaan yaitu aktiva tetap yang mempunyai umur manfaat lebih dari satu tahun. Dengan berjalannya waktu nilai suatu akiva tetap harus dapat disusutkan atau dibebankan secara tepat dan salah satu caranya adalah dengan menggunakan metode penyusutan. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diambil dari annualreport perusahaan tahun 2018, 2019, dan 2020.Perhitungan metode penyusutan ini digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implikasi metode garis lurus, metode saldo menurun ganda, serta metode jumlah angka tahun terhadap laba perusahaan pada CV Boga Amanda. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah metode garis lurus menghasilkan laba yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan metode saldo menurun ganda maupun jumlah angka tahun. Hal ini dikarenakan beban penyusutan yang dihitung dengan menggunakan metode garis lurus lebih kecil dan stabil setiap tahunnya dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya.
Overview of the main powertrain architectures for hybrid and electric vehicles
Authors: Lorena Rafael Garbelini , Yamakawa Eduardo Kazumi
Published: December 2021

The research for alternative solutions to assist the propulsion, fuel converters and energy storage systems (ESS) in vehicular applications has become the focus of many institutions and mainly in the automotive industry, aiming to reduce the impacts caused by the emission of gases in the exhaust pipe and to improve energy efficiency in the worldwide vehicle fleet. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) and Electric Vehicles (EV) are currently a reality and meet this requirement to build a greener and less polluting society. In this context, this paper describes the operational characteristics of the different powertrain architectures employed in hybrid electric vehicles, including series, parallel and series-parallel topologies, as well as battery-powered and fuel cell electric vehicles. Finally, some of the elementary issues facing these advanced vehicular technologies, including the challenges for market penetration are highlighted.
Fresh and pasteurized orange juice analysis by TXRF
Authors: Milani Thiago Elias , Andrello Avacir Casanova
Published: December 2021

Orange is considered the main product of the Brazilian citrus agro-industrial complex. However, in the end of 2016, the ANVISA pointed out orange as a risky product due to contamination using pesticides in its cultivation. Therefore, in this context, an analysis of the chemical elements present in fresh and pasteurized orange juices becomes extremely relevant. Thus, this work aims to quantify the elements that are present in fresh and pasteurized orange juices, using the TXRF technique. Samples of fresh orange juice of Pêra variety were acquired in a store in the city of Londrina-PR, were analysed; three samples of oranges were purchased at a store in Itápolis, São Paulo and five more samples of Pêra orange were obtained in the rural area. Samples of pesticides used in orange cultivation were quantified, and three different trademarks of pasteurized juice were analysed. In some of the samples that were collected in Itápolis-SP market, lead (Pb) element was quantified, however its concentration was within the limit established by Brazilian legislation. The aluminium (Al) element was detected in all samples of pasteurized orange juice, showing the influence of the packaging on the elemental concentration of the juice. All pesticides quantified in this work showed a significant concentration of some micro-contaminants, but when the pesticide was diluted in deionized water, those micro-contaminants could not be quantified.
The names of gems as components of oikonyms in the east Slavic languages
Authors:   Baku State University, Muradova Aytan
Published: December 2021

Systematization of oikonyms is carried out on the different descriptions and is of great interest for linguists on general linguistic, epochal, regional and other characteristics. The article deals with the systematization and analysis of the numerous oikonyms the components of which are the names of gems on the material of the Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages. The comparative research is carried out on the concrete groups including subgroups according to the character and peculiarities of the object oikonyms that got their names from the nearby deposit: the first settlers’ personal names and landowners’ patronymics. The special attention is given to the false etimology of oikonyms (Агатівка — from the name Agata (Agatha); Жемчуг (in Buryat. Жэмhэг) – formed from the two words “жэмhэг” (the best pieces of meat) or “жэмэс/жэмэсей” (berry/berry places).
The problem of translating metaphorical ethnonyms into the native language
Authors:   Western Caspian University, Mirzayeva Aida
Published: December 2021

At present, it seems relevant to study the specifics of translating metaphorical ethnonyms into the native language. Ethnonyms reflect the history of a nation, the originality of its culture and way of life, describe a person and his sphere of activity. The ethnonyms in English, which have now been formed into phraseological units, have a full historical confirmation, which indicates the absence of fiction by the English. It is the historical events that took place that influenced interstate and interethnic stereotypes, which in turn are a national picture of the world. Almost all nations contacted by British and Anglo-Saxon Americans since the 17th century, as well as nations that were at certain times the most dangerous economic rivals, received ethnic nicknames. Despite the fact that English ethnonyms do not reflect the principles of political correctness and tolerance, which were spoken about by the English, they are a consequence of the cultural picture of the world, therefore they must exist in the language.
The impact of social networks on the alienation of identity in society in the modern time
Authors:   Western Caspian University, Vahabzade Nigar
Published: December 2021

Alienation has special effect in every part of our life. When uneducated people talk about social problems, we can see that they mean alienation. The thought of the generations about social life is so different, because of development of communication technology and economic prosperity. It makes research alienation so important. In this article, the impact of social networks on the alienation of the person among the society is researched. The issues that social networks eliminate the concept softime and space, people are getting more self-closing, when they want to be sociable are in the foreground.
Ethnonyms formed on the basis of lexical units denoting an occupation, professions
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics named after Nasimi, Bakhshiyeva Tunzala
Published: December 2021

Ethnonyms are one of the most interesting, important and necessary directions of Azerbaijani onomasticism. Ethnonyms contain valuable information about the history of the people. Ethnonyms among onomastic units are considered one of the most ancient and stable lexical units of the language. They retain linguistic information related to the history of the language; the article examines ethnonyms formed on the basis of artistic and professional expressions of Azerbaijan, such as Yurdu, Sabunchu, Shatyr, Kepenekchi, Eherchi, as well as toponyms formed on their basis. These onomastic units were created in differrent periods of history. Some of the oldest names of the professions found in the ethnonym involved in the study are archaic from the point of view of the modern Azerbaijani language. Their significance can be explained only when referring to the sources of modern Turkic dialects and dialects. So far, some studies have been conducted on ethnonymy in Azerbaijani onomasticism. However, although some linguistic research is being carried out in this area, many problems remain to be solved. One of the tasks before them is to collect ethnonyms, give them a scientific explanation and determine the range of distribution.
Onomastic units in Khanumana Alibeyli's plays
Authors:   Institute of Literature named after Nizami Ganjavi, Aghazade Ilhama
Published: December 2021

One of the means for making art in Khaniman Alibeyli's artistic feature is the onomastic units created by the writer. She used the names as meanings for opening the characteristic of the images. The main idea that an artist wanted to convey to younger readers has expressed her ideas with human, animal, plant, or symbolic, figurative names. Written on the base of folklore motives in a two-dimensional fairy tale "Aycan", which was written in the background of both algebraic and real events the theme of nature is taken as a basis. Names such as Gangal, Pitrag, Chayir, created by the dramatist art if services more to open aims, names such as Aycan, Gulyaz, Garanfil, Chobyas, Incigulu, Sevincgulu, Gullulgul the main idea is given in the background.
Foreign investments and the analysis of their significance in the country's economy
Authors:   Western Caspian University, Mammadli Nigar
Published: December 2021

The aim of this research is to identify Azerbaijan's role in the investment export process and identify development directions. The objectives of the research are:  Defining the process of capital export development;  To study the features of capital export in different countries;  Identify the role of capital exports in the context of the need for development in the non-oil sector;  Determine the prospects for the implementation of capital exports in Azerbaijan. The scientific innovation of the research is the development that Azerbaijan will provide as a capital-exporting country. The scientific novelty of the case is:  Features of capital export in different countries were studied;  Analyzed the process of capital export in Azerbaijan;  New tendencies in the area of capital export were studied in Azerbaijan;  Defined the role of capital exports in the context of the need to develop the non-oil sector;  Perspectives on the realization of capital export in Azerbaijan are defined.
Strategic map for the development of tourism industry in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors:   Western Caspian University, Aliyev Ulfat
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the important role of tourism in the development of specialized tourism industry in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The Strategic Roadmap aims to support the development of the tourism sector within the stipulated time, providing high quality and competitive tourism services in international and local markets.
Potential inikas capabilities of onomastic units in poetry
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Huseynov Maharram
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the main issues of the process of transforming of onomastic units into figurative words in the poetic language. Here, the possibility of creating onomastic units, based on concrete examples derived from Kurgoglu's poems, has been analyzed. The linguistic basis of the image created by the onomastic units in the poetry language has been studied in a wide aesthetic system. The role of onomastic materials in poetic thinking in a certain direction in the activity of national sources and deep roots of poetic language was paid attention.
About anthroponymy Khizir
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Soltanov Mammadkhan , Amrahova Samira
Published: December 2021

Each object has its own identity, name in life, which separate it from the others. Some of the names were similar nature and are granted animate and inanimate beings. A number of animate as well as some inanimate beings are given specific names that distinguishes them from other animate and inanimate beings, these names are considered specific names. In modern Azerbaijani language specific names which considered onomastic units is given only specific items and always written with a capital letter. A special name from the names, place names, names of objects being studied as hidronimlər water and shelter - individuals - anthroponomy in linguistics. So specific names are studied in linguistics as anthroponymy-names given to individuals, toponyms- place names, hidronims - names of water objects. In this article are spoken about the mythical image of the Khizira, etymological root of this special name is disclosed.