bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation between Malondialdehyde and Nerve Growth Factor Serum Level with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Score
Authors: Decroli Eva , Manaf Asman , Syahbuddin Syafril , Syafrita Yuliarni , Dillasamola Dwisari
Published: January 2019

AIM: This study was conducted to identify malondialdehyde (MDA) serum level, nerve growth factor (NGF) serum level, diabetic peripheral neuropathy score and the correlation between MDA and NGF serum level with diabetic peripheral neuropathy score.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to observe diabetic patients in the internal medicine department in Dr M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. The MDA serum level was measured using Beuge method with thiobarbituric acid. The NGF serum level was analysed using ELISA method. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy score was defined when history score in Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) â‰¥ 7 and physical assessment score in MNSI > 2.
RESULTS: Thirty subjects with diabetes has diabetic peripheral neuropathy score 3.53 (Â± 0.91), MDA serum level 2.16 (Â± 2.89) nmol/ml, and NGF serum level 10.56 (Â± 2.89) pg/dl. There were significant correlations between the MDA serum level and the diabetic peripheral neuropathy score (r = 0.364, p = 0.048), and between the NGF serum level with the diabetic peripheral neuropathy score (r = -0.59, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSION: There are high MDA serum level and low NGF serum level in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Low NGF serum level plays a bigger role than high MDA serum level in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Predictors of Renal Dysfunction in Adults with Childhood Vesicoureteral Reflux after Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Bundovska-Kocev Smiljana , Kuzmanovska Dafina , Selim Gjulsen , Georgievska-Ismail Ljubica
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND: Triad of childhood vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), urinary infection (UTI) and renal scarring might initiate potentially serious consequences that lead to renal dysfunction manifested at the second or third decade of life.
AIM: To identify the risk factors predictive for renal dysfunction in adults with primary VUR after long-term follow-up.
METHODS: We evaluated the records of 101 children (94.1% female, 5.9% male) at a median age of 5.2 Â± 2.3 years (1-12 years), suffering from UTI and VUR. The patients were interviewed after mean 21 years from the first episodes of VUR (8 to 32 years). Renal function was determined from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
RESULTS: Renal scarring was detected in 68.3% out of 82 patients and bilateral one in 7.3% patients. Linear regression analysis revealed that presence of proteinuria (B = -33.7, p=0.0001), the greater number of years from VUR diagnosis (B = -1.6, p = 0.002) and renal scarring (B = -14.8, p = 0.005) appeared as independent predictors of reduced global eGFRcreat. The same variables plus microalbuminuria (B = -1.0, p = 0.012) appeared as independent predictors of reduced global eGFRcreat-cys. Bilateral scarring (OR=25.5, p = 0.003) appeared as independent predictor of greater risk for CKD assessed using eGFRcreat while greater number of years from VUR diagnosis (OR = 1.7, p = 0.092), microalbuminuria (OR = 1.3, p = 0.047) and again bilateral scarring (OR = 31.3, p = 0.040) appeared as predictors of risk for CKD assessed using eGFRcreat-cys.
CONCLUSION: Identification of those with an increased risk of progression to CKD should be the goal in all patients with childhood VUR. Their systematic follow-up should be till adulthood and older age.
Study of waste disposal thermal radiation using satellite data and considering solar influence
Authors: Dancheva Adlin , Asenovski Simeon
Published: January 2019

In the present paper distribution of the waste disposal thermal radiation caused by biochemical processes of decomposition is examined. Using thermal channels of the Landsat 8 (OLI) the waste disposal spectral characteristics are obtained. All this data is compared with solar activity during the same period and differences between internal thermal radiation and solar influences are discussed.
Electric motor-generators for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Getsov Petar , Yanev Ruslan , Bo Wang
Published: January 2019

A limiting factor in further development of the electrically driven mulicopter type UAVs is their low flight endurance - up to 1 hour with a real payload. It depends, on the limited specific energy of the batteries that multicopters carry on board. One of the solutions to the problem is the use of an energy source with higher specific energy - gasoline. Through it, electricity is generated on board, which feeds the drive motors and the payload. In theory and in practice, hybrid drives allow the flight endurance of multicopters to reach 4 hours.
Secondary power systems for videometric complex "Fregat"
Authors: Gramatikov Pavlin , Nedkov Roumen , Petkov Doino
Published: January 2019

The power supply for the video-spectrometric complex (VSC) "Fregat" is being considered. This secondary power supply systems have the following functions: Reception and switching of the voltages; Protection from overload and short circuit in the internal circuits and the exit circuits; Transformation of primary voltage in stabilized secondary voltages; Galvanically untethered secondary circuits by primary and Hull; Protection of the users from the electromagnetic noises; Provision of "Cold" and "Hot" reserve, etc. A set of technical documentation and test-measuring equipment for testing were created. Four sets of Secondary Power Systems for "Fregat" are designed and implemented for two flights to planet Mars.
Composite metal-ceramic and metal-polymeric materials for friction assemblies of national civil aircrafts
Authors: Bychkov Аndrii , Nechyporenko Оlha
Published: January 2019

Experience of using of metal-ceramic and a metal-polymeric material in friction assemblies of aeronautical engineering is generalized. Characteristics and conditions of operation of the sintered friction and antifriction materials are presented. Peculiarities of metal-fluoroplastic tapes of foreign production are considered. Efficiency of using of sintered and metal-polymeric materials in friction assemblies of modern civil aircrafts is shown.
Data logging by AD7656 analog to digital converter
Authors: Metodiev Konstantin
Published: January 2019

In the paper hereby, an exemplary algorithm of data logging by means of Analog Devices’ AD7656 analog to digital converter is presented. Converted data are transmitted further to ATmega644P microcontroller unit through Serial Peripheral Interface. The microcontroller, in turn, sends data to a PC through FTDI’s FT232 UART to USB chip. What motivates the current study is a source code development for the microcontroller unit. The source code is available for download at the quoted link. The main technique used in the code is external interrupt. The development environment used is MikroC Pro for AVR. The presented study is a part of software developed for project “Resonance”.
Combined Phacoemulsification, Intraocular Lens Implantation, and Scleral Buckling Surgery for Cataract and Retinal Detachment
Authors: Tsai Tseng-Chiang , Wu Wen-Chuan
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of simultaneous surgery for cataract and retinal detachment.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six patients with a diagnosis of retinal detachment accompanied by dense cataracts precluding fundus visualization were enrolled in this study. A triple procedure involving phacoemulsification, posterior chamber intraocular lens insertion, and scleral buckling was performed in all six cases.

* RESULTS: A clear intraoperative view of the fundus was obtained in all cases and retinal breaks were identified in five cases. The retina was successfully reattached in all six cases, five of which showed improvement in visual acuity.

* CONCLUSION: Combined cataract and scleral buckling surgery can be performed safely. This procedure spares the patient repeat surgery and may improve the visual outcome by clearly identifying the breaks and avoiding delays in detachment repair.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2004;35:13-15.]
Interferon Alpha-2a for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy After Complete Laser Panretinal Photocoagulation Treatment
Authors: Leibovitch Igal , Loewenstein Anat , Alster Yair , Rosenblatt Irit , Lazar Moshe , Yassur Yuval , Rubinstein Ardon
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of interferon alpha-2a, an angiogenesis inhibitor, on eyes with active neovascularization after complete laser panretinal photocoagulation treatment.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight patients with active neovascularization persisting for 6 months or more aftet completion of full panretinal photocoagulation were included in the study. All patients were treated with subcutaneous injections of 6 million international units of interferon alpha-2a, 3 times a week, for an average period of 10 months. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, blood tests, fundus photographs, fluorescein angiography, and physical examination were performed periodically. The main outcome measures were visual acuity and extent of neovascularization as assessed by fundus photography and fluorescein angiography.

* RESULTS: The 5 men and 3 women (mean age, 60 years) had a mean duration of diabetes of 19 years. The average study follow-up was 42.2 ± 8.7 weeks. Visual acuity and extent of neovascularization improved or remained stable in 7 patients. In none of the patients was there progression of neovascularization, but in 1 patient it could not be assessed due to vitreous hemorrhage. Most patients had malaise during the first weeks of treatment, but none of the patients suffered from nonreversible side effects associated with interferon alpha-2a.

* CONCLUSION: This pilot study provides evidence that interferon alpha-2a might have a role in the regression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and that further investigation is warranted.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2004;35:16-22.]
Dislocation of a Scleral-Fixated Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Into the Anterior Chamber Associated With Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy
Authors: Aydin Erdinç , Bayramlar Hüseyin , Totan Yüksel , Daglioglu Mutlu Cihan , Borazan Mehmet
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A 48-year-old patient with a scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens had dislocation of the intraocular lens into the anterior chamber and associated Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy. The patient underwent intraocular lens extraction and partial penetrating keratoplasty. Because an anterior chamber intraocular lens is easier to implant and has fewer complications, surgeons may want to consider this as the first choice for treatment. If the scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens is used, it must be implanted properly and meticulously to avoid complications. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2004; 35:67-69.]
Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Ocular Complications of Behcet's Disease
Authors: Sullu Yuksel , Alotaiby Hesham , Beden Umit , Erkan Dilek
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery for the ocular complications of Behcet's disease.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 20 eyes of 15 patients with Behcet's disease (9 men, 6 women; mean age at surgery, 31.0 ±1.8 years; range, 21-4À years) who had undergone vitreoretinal surgery for Behcet's disease at Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Samsun, Turkey, between January 2000 and September 2003. Postoperative visual acuity outcome, course of uveitis, and complications were evaluated in all patients.

* RESULTS: Indications for surgery were vitreous opacities in 10 eyes (50%), cystoid macular edema in 5 eyes (25%), epiretinal membrane in 3 eyes (15%), and vitreous hemorrhage in 2 eyes (10%). At the last postoperative follow-up, visual acuity had increased 2 Snellen lines or more in 10 (50%) of 20 eyes. Cystoid macular edema completely improved in 3 (60%) of 5 eyes after vitrectomy. Uveitis attacks significantly decreased during follow-up (P= .015). Immunosuppressive treatment was stopped in 11 (73%) of 15 patients. Retinal detachment and phthisis were not observed in any eye.

* CONCLUSION: Vitreoretinal surgery may be useful in the treatment of posterior segment complications of Behcet's disease.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:292297.1
The Effect of Compression on Clinical Diagnosis of Glaucoma Based on Non-analyzed Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Images
Authors: Bélair Marie-Lyne , Fansi Alvine Kamdeu , Descovich Denise , PhD A-R , Harasymowycz Paul
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different image compression formats of non-analyzed Heidelberg Retina Tomography (HRT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) images on the diagnosis of glaucoma by ophthalmologists.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three topographic and reflectance images taken with the HRT representing different levels of disease were transformed using nine different compression formats. Three independent ophthalmologists, masked as to contour line and stereometric parameters, classified the original and compressed HRT images as normal, suspected glaucoma, or glaucoma, and Kappa agreement coefficients were calculated.

* RESULTS: The Tagged Image File Format had the largest file size and the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) 2000 format had the smallest size. The highest Kappa coefficient value was 1.00 for all ophthalmologists using the Tagged Image File Format. Kappa values for JPEG formats were all in the range of good to excellent agreement. Kappa values were lower for Portable Network Graphic and Graphics Interchange Format compression formats.

* CONCLUSION: Image compression with JPEG 2000 at a ratio of 20:1 provided sufficient quality for glaucoma analysis in conjunction with a relatively small image size format, and may prove to be attractive for HRT telemedicine applications. Further clinical studies validating the usefulness of interpreting non-analyzed HRT images are required.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005,36:323326.1
Delayed-Onset Expulsive Choroidal Hemorrhage Attributed to an Acute Elevation in Systemic Blood Pressure Following Traumatic Globe Rupture
Authors: Nissman Steven A , Pasternak Joseph F
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The authors describe a 78-year-old woman who suffered a traumatic partial dehiscence of a penetrating keratoplasty on the day prior to presentation. While awaiting surgical repair, the patient experienced an expulsive choroidal hemorrhage necessitating a primary evisceration of the eye. This case is unique because the hemorrhage can be largely attributed to the acute dramatic rise in systemic blood pressure that immediately preceded it Management considerations for patients with open-globe injuries who have poorly controlled systemic hypertension should include close monitoring of vital signs in a controlled setting, anxiolysis, aggressive intervention for hypertensive lability, and hastening of surgical repair regardless of nothing by mouth status. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:340-342.]
The Effects of Drug Delivery Via Hydrophilic Acrylic (Hydrogel) Intraocular Lens Systems on the Epithelial Cells in Culture
Authors: Matsushima Hiroyuki , Mukai Kouichiro , Gotoo Norihito , Yoshida Shinichiro , Yoshida Tomoko , Sawano Muneaki , Senoo Tadashi , Obara Yoshitaka , Clark John I
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Secondary posterior subcapsular opacification is still among the most important complications after phacoemulsification.

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was designed to assess the inhibitory effects of drugs delivered via hydrophilic acrylic (hydrogel) intraocular lens (IOL) systems in vitro. Lens epithelial cells were collected from albino rabbits. The following seven groups of hydrogel IOLs were prepared: untreated IOLs and IOLs infiltrated with diclofenac sodium, tranilast, mitomycin C, colchicines, 5-fluorouracil, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The IOLs were fixed to a Cell Culture Insert; they were then bathed and incubated in minimum essential medium containing cultured lens epithelial cells. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the cells adhering to the collagen membrane and the lens surfaces was conducted.

* RESULTS: Adhesion of lens epithelial cells to the lens surfaces and the collagen membrane was observed in the control group. However, only slight cellular adhesion was found on the surfaces of the IOLs and on the collagen membrane in the treated IOL groups.

* CONCLUSION: Use of hydrogel IOLs infiltrated with drugs was associated with inhibition of posterior subcapsular opacification in vitro.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:386-392.]
Correlation Between Polarimetric Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Retinal Sensitivity Determined With Frequency-Doubling Technology
Authors: Katsanos A , Kóthy P , Konstas A G P , Vargha P , Holló G
Published: January 2019

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Correlation between polarimetric retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured with variable corneal compensation and retinal sensitivity measured with frequency-doubling technology (FDT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) was investigated.

* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four consecutive patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma and 17 healthy control subjects (1 randomly selected eye for each subject) were evaluated.

* RESULTS: For all subjects, quadrant scanning laser polarimetry parameters correlated positively with both FDT and SAP mean sensitivity of the opposite hemifield (P < .001). Global scanning laser polarimetry parameters correlated positively with FDT-mean sensitivity, SAP-mean sensitivity, and FDT-mean deviation, and negatively with SAP-mean deviation (in SAP, mean deviation is positive in case of sensitivity loss) (P ≤ .02). The nerve fiber indicator also correlated with FDT-pattern standard deviation and SAP-corrected loss variance (P ≤ .01). Using un-logged sensitivity values, no further correlations were found.

* CONCLUSION: Our results show that a similar structure-function relationship exists between polarimetric retinal nerve fiber layer thickness determined with variable corneal compensation and retinal sensitivity measured with SAP and FDT.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005,36:394-400.]
Combined Radial Optic Neurotomy, Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling, and Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide for Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Furino Claudio , Ferrari Tommaso Micelli , Boscia Francesco , Cardascia Nicola , Sborgia Luigi , Reibaldi Michele , Ferreri Paolo , Sborgia Carlo
Published: January 2019

Abstract. To evaluate the efficacy of radial optic neurotomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for central retinal vein occlusion. Eight consecutive eyes with central retinal vein occlusion with a duration of less than 6 months, cystoid macular edema, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of less than 20/200 were enrolled. BCVA, intraocular pressure, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography were evaluated. After 4.75 ± 0.7 months, BCVA significandy improved, intraocular pressure was well controlled, and fluorescein angiography showed perfused state and reduction of the number of retinal hemorrhages in all eyes. Optical coherence tomography revealed significant reduction of macular thickness. Bleeding in the neurotomy site occurred in 3 cases. Radial optic neurotomy, internal limiting membrane peeling, and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide may be useful in the management of central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:422-425.]
Phacoemulsification and LensIris Diaphragm Retropulsion Syndrome
Authors: Saad Daniel Nahra , Cespedes Miguel Castilla , Palmer Ana Martinez , Lopez Maria Pazos
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Lens-iris diaphragm retropulsion syndrome is mainly caused by a reverse pupillary block as a result of a defect or laxity in the zonular apparatus. It is characterized by a posterior displacement of the lens-iris diaphragm with posterior iris bowing, pupil dilation, and pain. The authors describe a new management technique using an iris hook retractor to lift the iris to relieve the pupillary block. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:512-513.]
Treatment of Retinal Breaks With Large-Spot Diode Laser Photocoagulation
Authors: Jain Saurabh , Newsom R S B , McHugh J D A
Published: January 2019

Abstract. A new technique is described for treating peripheral retinal breaks using large-spot, diode laser retinopexy. A large-spot (1.2 to 3.0 mm) diode laser (810 nm) was used to treat patients with breaks in attached retina. Powers between 800 and 1,200 mW produced a uniform retinal photocoagulation beyond the break margins. Patients were observed monthly until an adequate chorioretinal scar had formed. Eleven eyes were treated using this technique. Satisfactory retinopexy was obtained in all cases. The efficiency of large-spot diode laser photocoagulation for retinal breaks and its advantages over conventional laser and cryopexy techniques justifies further studies into this technique. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2005;36:514-517.]
Coastal oceanographic signatures of heat waves and extreme events of dense water formation during the period 2002-2012 (Barcelona, NW Mediterranean)
Authors: Guillén Jorge , Arin Laura , Salat Jordi , Puig Pere , Estrada Marta , Palanques Albert , Simarro Gonzalo , Pascual Josep
Published: January 2019

In a global context of climate change affecting the marine environment, it is important to consider the effect of extreme events in driving ecological change and to gain a better understanding of conditions to be expected under future scenarios. In this study we focus on monthly oceanographic data collected off Barcelona city during the period 2002-2012, in which extreme air temperatures and exceptional oceanographic events were reported in the western Mediterranean basin. These included two extreme heat waves and major episodes of dense water formation that produced unusually large deep-water contributions, induced oceanographic changes in the coastal zone and caused significant alterations to the marine ecosystem. To determine whether routine monitoring of oceanographic variables in a coastal zone can provide information for recognizing such large-scale events, temperature, salinity, turbidity and fluorescence were analysed to identify their signatures. The results provide an additional tool for monitoring oceanographic events and improving forecasts and future projections.
Suspended sediment contribution resulting from bioturbation in intertidal sites of a SW Atlantic mesotidal estuary: data analysis and numerical modelling
Authors: Angeletti Sabrina , Pierini Jorge O. , Cervellini Patricia M.
Published: January 2019

The suspended sediment contribution arising from the bioturbation activity of Neohelice granulata at intertidal sites of the Bahía Blanca estuary was analysed using several approaches, ranging from field experiments to numerical modelling. Crabs from the mudflat remove, trap and erode more sediment from their burrows per unit area than those from saltmarshes, as a consequence of the high population density and the mobility of cohesive sediments. The results obtained through the MOHID simulations showed that the sediments that were bioavailable in the intertidal of Puerto Cuatreros were maintained in the water column much longer than sediments in Villa del Mar. This longer residence time in the area could be because of the geomorphological and hydrodynamic characteristics of the internal area of the estuary, where numerous tidal channels coexist and phenomena of “retention” occur before entry into the main channel. By contrast, in Villa del Mar, located in the middle of the estuary, the sediments are affected by a greater water depth and higher tidal current speeds. In addition, the waves caused by the winds can be a determining factor in the spatio-temporal evolution of the bioavailable sediment in the water column of the study areas.
Roles of NGOs and Military in Humanitarian Supply Chain
Authors: Kwon Ik-Whan G. , Kim Sung-Ho
Published: January 2019

Between the years 2000 and 2012, natural disasters caused $1.7 trillion in damage and affected 2.9 billion people (dosomething.org). The military has been active in participating in many disaster areas using their unique assets. Although military involvement in relief operations is welcome, their participation has been perceived by some part of NGOs as suspicious and incongruent with relief missions practiced by NGOs. This article attempts to outline a framework with two relief organizations working together to provide comprehensive relief strategies.
Discursive Arguments Around Disasters in History
Authors: Sandoval Vicente
Published: January 2019

This article reviews existing narratives and perspectives to the history of Chilean disasters in order to explore dominant discourses of disaster causation. Narratives based on historical records and media archives are examined and contrasted with contemporary notions in disaster and risk studies. In doing so, relevant Chilean disasters are devised to highlight the way that such events have been understood in the context of Chile, that is, as ‘natural' disasters. Although researchers have positively underlined the Chilean performance against extreme natural events, crucial deficiencies related to socio-political tensions and regional economic disparities that create an uneven distribution of disaster impacts are discussed. The ‘naturalness' of disasters is contested since it neglects the importance of socio-economic, cultural and political pre-conditions, which are crucial for explaining the impacts of disasters; deaths, economic losses, displacements, among others.
Optimization of Hot Extrusion Process Parameters Using Taguchi Based Grey Relation Analysis
Authors: Jajimoggala Sarojini
Published: January 2019

Enormous applications of aluminium alloys in various key industries necessitated the development and improvement of material processing techniques. Due to simplicity in making complex shapes and low cost of production, the extrusion process for aluminium has gained great popularity in recent years. As the processing variables/parameters during any manufacturing process significantly effects the yield and mechanical properties of extruded products, the development of optimal process parameters combination is found to be vital for the modern manufacturing industries. Hence, the present article addresses the conducting of hot extrusion experiments with AA6061 and evaluation of optimal process parameters using a Taguchi-based GRA. To check the significance of the processing variables on the output quality and quantity, ANOVA is used. A confirmation test was done at the selected optimal processing parameters combination to validate the experimental results.
Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate of The Hot Deformation of V Microalloyed Steel on Flow Stress
Authors: Equbal Md Israr , Equbal Azhar , Equbal Md. Asif , Ohdar R. K.
Published: January 2019

Medium carbon micro-alloyed forging steels are employed in various automotive components. The impetus for the use of micro alloyed (MA) steels is cost reduction due to elimination of post-forging heat treatment. Compared to conventional quenched and tempered steels micro-alloyed steels can achieve similar or more superior properties simply by properly controlling the process parameters. Forging temperature, strain, strain rate and cooling rate are some of the important process parameters that influence the flow stress and final forging product quality. In the present study, hot compression test on a micro-alloyed steel grade 38MnSiVS5 were conducted on thermo-mechanical simulator (Gleeble-3500) to study the effect of temperature and strain rate on flow stress. The results indicate that the flow stress of 38MnSiVS5 steel is greatly affected by both deformation temperature and strain rate. Obtained true stress-true strain curves showed that the flow stress of the alloy increased by increasing the strain rate and decreasing the temperature, which can be represented in terms of an exponent type Zener-Hollomon equation. Finally, the constitutive equations for the flow behavior of 38MnSiVS5 microalloyed steel were determined.
IL-27 Promotes Human Placenta–Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Ability To Induce the Generation of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T Cells via the JAK/STAT Pathway in the Treatment of Experimental Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Yi Junzhu , Chen Zhenghua , Xu Fenghuang , Wang ZhuoYa , Zhang Aiping , Liu Tongshen , Zhao Nannan , Xiong Yanlian , Jiang Guosheng , Ma Junjie , Luan Xiying
Published: January 2019

Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) harbor immunomodulatory properties to induce the generation of suppressive T cells. MSCs have been successfully used in treating graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) accompanied by abundant inflammatory cytokines such as IL-27. This study investigated the effects of IL-27 on the human placenta–derived MSCs (hPMSCs) to induce generation of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells in vitro and in the humanized xenogenic GVHD NOD/SCID model. The results showed that the percentages of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells were significantly increased in activated human PBMC from both healthy donors and GVHD patients with hPMSCs and in the liver and spleen of hPMSC-treated GVHD mice, and the level of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells in the liver was greater than that in the spleen in hPMSC-treated GVHD mice. The serum level of IL-27 decreased and the symptoms abated in hPMSC-treated GVHD. Further, in vitro results showed that IL-27 promoted the regulatory effects of hPMSCs by enhancing the generation of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells from activated PBMC. Activation occurred through increases in the expression of programmed death ligand 2 (PDL2) in hPMSCs via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. These findings indicated that hPMSCs could alleviate GVHD mice symptoms by upregulating the production of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells in the spleen and liver and downregulating serum levels of IL-27. In turn, the ability of hPMSCs to induce the generation of CD4+IL-10+IFN-γ+ T cells could be promoted by IL-27 through increases in PDL2 expression in hPMSCs. The results of this study will be of benefit for the application of hPMSCs in clinical trials.
Le vaccin de Belin (complexe vaccino-aphteux) dans la vaccination contre la fièvre aphteuse
Authors: Cortez A.
Published: January 2019

Les expériences réalisées dans la région bônoise sur des Bovins réceptifs importés de France, à l’occasion d’une épizootie aphteuse d’intensité moyenne, dans laquelle le Virus n’accusait point d’agressivité particulière et laissait presque indifférents les Bovins indigènes, autorisent, concernant le vaccin Belin (complexe vaccino-aphteux), les conclusions suivantes :

Employé à dose forte (60 cc. du vaccin bivalent), le vaccin confère une résistance incomplète mais nette, telle que les ani¬ maux, placés dix jours après l’injection en contact avec des malades, présentent seulement, cinq jours plus tard, une fièvre aphteuse bénigne et sans complications.

Mais cette résistance n’est pas durable ; elle disparaît chez tous dans l’espace de deux mois, et si complètement que les vaccinés, au contact d’animaux guéris, font une fièvre aphteuse grave et compliquée de manière telle que, dans certains effectifs, s’imposa l’envoi à la boucherie de 20 à 50 p. 100 des vaccinés malades.

A cause de cette résistance éphémère, la méthode Belin n’est pas «rentable», elle n’est pas utilisable dans la pratique.
Le coligranulome des Poules (Maladie de Hjarre)
Authors: Lissot Gabriel
Published: January 2019

Le Coligranulome des poules a fréquemment une apparence stationnaire et semble seulement légèrement infectieux, mais sa signification pratique tient à ce qu’il peut être facilement confondu avec la Tuberculose et la Pseudo-Tuberculose aviaires.

C’est pour cette raison que nous avons cru devoir attirer l’attention de nos confrères sur la maladie de Hjarre et Wramby principalement de ceux qui exercent dans les fermes de moyenne et petite culture où la tuberculose des poules est si fréquente et si répandue.
Encéphalopathies de type oedémateux d’origine toxique (étude de pathologie générale et expérimentale)
Authors: Valade Paul
Published: January 2019

1° Aube fois, résultats incertains, et même quelquefois infection, pur vaccination.

2° Découverte de la porte d'entrée de l’infection : voie dermique.

3° Découverte de l'hémagglutination et de l'inhibition de l'hémagglutination, ce qui permet de titrer à tout moment, in vitro, rapidement et économiquement, le sérum de chaque cheval producteur de sérum.

4° Mise en évidence de souches peu virulentes et fortement agglutinantes, obtenues sur milieux spéciaux.

5° Emploi de vaccins formulés, adsorbés sur hydroxyde d'alumine, actifs et sans danger.

6° Mise en évidence de familles résistantes, chez lesquelles la résistance est héréditaire.
Diversidade e transdisciplinaridade no e do jornalismo
Authors: Bertasso Daiane , Silva Terezinha
Published: January 2019

Editorial da revista Estudos em Jornalismo e Mídia, V. 15, N.02, 2018.
Entre as fronteiras do aceitável: o valor-notícia como legitimador do jornalismo como gestor de consenso
Authors: Verri Francisco
Published: January 2019

A partir dos consensos que rondam as coberturas políticas (BIROLI, 2013), o artigo percorre o caminho teórico dos estudos sobre critérios de noticiabilidade no intuito de observar as fronteiras do que pode ser notícia. Funcionando em um mapa cultural (HALL et al, 1999), o valores-notícia, enquanto um atributo que o jornalista carrega durante todo o processo de produção noticiosa, caracteriza-se como um legitimador da falta de pluralidade dos acontecimentos nesta editoria especializada. Entre os alinhamentos políticos e a cobertura adversária, esses valores (re) significam o que é importante ser noticiado, legitimando uma agenda de grupos e atores hegemônicos. O resultado é visto na promoção de pautas governamentais e fontes oficiais, marginalizando os acontecimentos de grupos com menor expressão midiática e evidenciando uma correlação entre os valores-notícia e as hegemonias políticas.
Waardigheid in Human Resource Management? Een exploratie van de betekenis van waardigheid in werk
Authors: Bal Matthijs
Published: January 2019

In dit artikel wordt het begrip waardigheid (Engels: dignity) in HRM beschreven. Op basis van de vraag welke rol HRM in de huidige en toekomstige wereld kan spelen, wordt een nieuw paradigma afgezet tegenover het huidige dominante instrumentele paradigma in mainstream HRM onderzoek.
Dit nieuwe paradigma is geformuleerd op basis van waardigheid. Dit artikel beschrijft het concept waardigheid en formuleert een theorie over 'waardigheid op het werk'. Vervolgens wordt de relatie tussen waardigheid en HRM geanalyseerd, en worden de meest relevante implicaties van een waardigheidsparadigma
voor de kernvragen van HRM besproken. Daarnaast wordt aandacht besteed aan de theoretische onderbouwing van HRM-vraagstukken en de praktische implicaties voor onderzoek binnen HRM.This paper describes the concept of dignity in HRM. On the basis of the question which role HRM could play in the current and future workplace, two paradigms are discussed: the current dominant paradigm of instrumentality of the human being in HRM, and a new paradigm on the basis of dignity. The article describes what dignity is and formulates a new theory on dignity at work. Subsequently, the relationships between dignity and HRM are analysed, and the most relevant implications of a dignity paradigm for core questions within HRM, the theoretical underpinning of HRM, and practical implications for HRM are discussed.
Werknemersreacties op (Exclusief) Talentmanagement
Authors: Dries Nicky , Meyers Maria Christina , De Boeck Giverny
Published: January 2019

Algemeen wordt verondersteld dat een werknemer die geïdentificeerd wordt als talent binnen zijn of haar organisatie daar positief op reageert qua attitude (bv. door een sterkere betrokkenheid bij de organisatie) en gedrag (bv. door een grotere inzet op het werk). Indien dergelijke
positieve reacties uitblijven, zouden organisaties namelijk moeten afstappen van de kerngedachte dat exclusief talentmanagement meerwaarde creëert door onevenredige investeringen te doen in talenten in vergelijking met de 'gemiddelde' werknemer. In dit artikel evalueren we alle bestaand
onderzoek naar werknemersreacties op talentmanagement, met als doel na te gaan of bovenstaande basisveronderstelling klopt. De resultaten van ons literatuuronderzoek zijn minder eenduidig dan verwacht. Hoewel vele, zij het niet alle, studies bewijs vinden voor positieve reacties bij talenten,
tonen de resultaten van meerdere studies ook aan dat de identificatie als talent aanzienlijke risico's inhoudt. Zo zullen werknemers die geïdentificeerd worden als talent bijvoorbeeld veeleisender worden in hun verwachtingen naar hun werkgever toe, en voelen ze zich onder sterke druk
gezet om aan hoge prestatienormen te voldoen. We interpreteren deze resultaten vanuit de kaders van de social exchange theory, de psychologische-contracttheorie en andere theorieën die vaak worden toegepast in talentmanagementonderzoek. Op basis hiervan identificeren we mogelijke randvoorwaarden
voor effectief talentmanagement in de HRM-praktijk.It is generally assumed that employees identified as talents by their organizations will react positively to this status both in terms of attitudes (e.g., increased organizational commitment) and behaviour (e.g., increased work effort). Should such positive reactions fail to manifest, the core assumption that exclusive talent management adds value to organizations, through disproportionate investments in above-average employees leading to disproportionate returns, may be untenable. In the present article we evaluate the existing empirical research on employee reactions to talent management, with the aim of weighing the evidence for the above assumption. The results of our literature review are less straightforward than expected. Although many, but not all, studies find some evidence for positive reactions among talents, multiple studies also show that being identified as a talent entails risks and side effects. For example, employees (knowingly) identified as talents will become more demanding towards their employer, but also feel more pressure to conform to strict performance standards. We interpret these findings from the frameworks of social exchange theory, psychological contract theory, and other theories often applied to talent management research. Based on all of the above we identify a number of potential boundary conditions to effective talent management in HRM practice.
Analysis of Total Column CO2 and CH4 Measurements in Berlin with WRF-GHG
Authors: Zhao Xinxu , Marshall Julia , Hachinger Stephan , Gerbig Christoph , Chen Jia
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Though they cover less than 3 % of the global land area, urban areas are responsible for over 70 % of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contain 55 % of the global population. A quantitative tracking of GHG emissions in urban areas is therefore of great importance, with the aim of accurately assessing the amount of emissions and identifying the emission sources. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) coupled with GHG modules (WRF-GHG) developed for mesoscale atmospheric GHG transport, can predict column-averaged abundances of CO2 and CH4 (XCO2 and XCH4). In this study, we use WRF-GHG to model the Berlin area at a high spatial resolution of 1 km. The simulated wind and concentration fields were compared with the measurements from a campaign performed around Berlin in 2014 (Hase et al., 2015). The measured and simulated wind fields mostly demonstrate good agreement and the simulated XCO2 agrees well with the measurement. In contrast, a bias in the simulated XCH4 of around 2.7 % is found, caused by relatively high initialization values for the background concentration field. We find that an analysis using differential column methodology (DCM) works well for the XCH4 comparison, as corresponding background biases then cancel out. From the tracer analysis, we find that the enhancement of XCH4 is highly dependent on human activities. The XCO2 signal in the vicinity of Berlin is dominated by anthropogenic behavior rather than biogenic activities. We conclude that DCM is an effective method for comparing models to observations independently of biases caused, e.g., by initial conditions. It allows us to use our high resolution WRF-GHG model to detect and understand sources of GHG emissions quantitatively in urban areas.
Biogeochemical response of the Mediterranean Sea to the transient SRES-A2 climate change scenario
Authors: Richon Camille , Dutay Jean-Claude , Bopp Laurent , Le Vu Briac , Orr James C. , Somot Samuel , Dulac François
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The Mediterranean region is a climate change
hotspot. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions are projected to lead to a
substantial warming of the Mediterranean Sea as well as major changes in its
circulation, but the subsequent effects of such changes on marine
biogeochemistry are poorly understood. Here, our aim is to investigate how
climate change will affect nutrient concentrations and biological
productivity in the Mediterranean Sea. To do so, we perform transient
simulations with the coupled high-resolution model NEMOMED8-PISCES using the
high-emission IPCC Special Report on Emissions
Scenarios (SRES) A2 socioeconomic scenario and corresponding
Atlantic, Black Sea, and riverine nutrient inputs. Our results indicate that
nitrate is accumulating in the Mediterranean Sea over the 21st century, while
phosphorus shows no tendency. These contrasting changes result from an
unbalanced nitrogen-to-phosphorus input from riverine discharge and fluxes
via the Strait of Gibraltar, which lead to an expansion of phosphorus-limited
regions across the Mediterranean. In addition, phytoplankton net primary
productivity is reduced by 10 % in the 2090s in comparison to the present
state, with reductions of up to 50 % in some regions such as the Aegean
Sea as a result of nutrient limitation and vertical stratification. We also
perform sensitivity tests to separately study the effects of climate and
biogeochemical input changes on the future state of the Mediterranean Sea.
Our results show that changes in nutrient supply from the Strait of Gibraltar
and from rivers and circulation changes linked to climate change may have
antagonistic or synergistic effects on nutrient concentrations and surface
primary productivity. In some regions such as the Adriatic Sea, half of the
biogeochemical changes simulated during the 21st century are linked with
external changes in nutrient input, while the other half are linked to climate
change. This study is the first to simulate future transient climate change
effects on Mediterranean Sea biogeochemistry but calls for further work to
characterize effects from atmospheric deposition and to assess the various
sources of uncertainty.
A method based on structure-from-motion photogrammetry to generate sub-millimetre-resolution digital elevation models for investigating rock breakdown features
Authors: Verma Ankit Kumar , Bourke Mary Carol
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We have generated sub-millimetre-resolution DEMs of weathered rock surfaces
using SfM photogrammetry techniques. We apply a close-range method based on structure-from-motion (SfM)
photogrammetry in the field and use it to generate
high-resolution topographic data for weathered boulders and bedrock. The
method was pilot tested on extensively weathered Triassic Moenkopi sandstone
outcrops near Meteor Crater in Arizona. Images were taken in the field using
a consumer-grade DSLR camera and were processed in commercially available
software to build dense point clouds. The point clouds were registered to a
local 3-D coordinate system (x, y, z), which was developed using a specially
designed triangle-coded control target and then exported as digital elevation
models (DEMs). The accuracy of the DEMs was validated under controlled
experimental conditions. A number of checkpoints were used to calculate
errors. We also evaluated the effects of image and camera parameters on the
accuracy of our DEMs. We report a horizontal error of 0.5 mm and vertical
error of 0.3 mm in our experiments. Our approach provides a low-cost method
for obtaining very high-resolution topographic data on weathered rock
surfaces (area < 10 m2). The results from our case study confirm
the efficacy of the method at this scale and show that the data acquisition
equipment is sufficiently robust and portable. This is particularly important
for field conditions in remote locations or steep terrain where portable and
efficient methods are required.
Representation of Water Management in Hydrological and Land
Surface Models
Authors: Yassin Fuad , Razavi Saman , Elshamy Mohamed , Davison Bruce , Sapriza-Azuri Gonzalo , Wheater Howard
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Reservoirs significantly affect flow regimes in watershed systems by changing the magnitude and timing of streamflows. Failure to represent these effects limits the performance of hydrological and land surface models (H-LSMs) in the many highly regulated basins across the globe and limits the applicability of such models to investigate the futures of watershed systems through scenario analysis (e.g., scenarios of climate, land use, or reservoir regulation changes). An adequate representation of reservoirs and their operation in an H-LSM is therefore essential for a realistic representation of the downstream flow regime. In this paper, we present a general parametric reservoir operation model based on piecewise linear relationships between reservoir storage, inflow, and release, to approximate actual reservoir operations. For the identification of the model parameters, we propose two strategies: (a) a generalized parameterization that requires a relatively limited amount of data; and (b) direct calibration via multi-objective optimization when more data on historical storage and release are available. We use data from 37 reservoir case studies located in several regions across the globe for developing and testing the model. We further build this reservoir operation model into the MESH modelling system, which is a large-scale H-LSM. Our results across the case studies show that the proposed reservoir model with both of the parameter identification strategies leads to improved simulation accuracy compared with the other widely used approaches for reservoir operation simulation. We further show the significance of enabling MESH with this reservoir model and discuss the interdependent effects of the simulation accuracy of natural processes and that of reservoir operation on the overall model performance. The reservoir operation model is generic and can be integrated into any H-LSM.