bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new metrics framework for quantifying and intercomparing atmospheric rivers in observations, reanalyses, and climate models
Authors: Dong Bo , Ullrich Paul , Lee Jiwoo , Gleckler Peter , Chang Kristin , O'Brien Travis A.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We present a new atmospheric river (AR) analysis and benchmarking tool, namely Atmospheric River Metrics Package (ARMP). It includes a suite of new AR metrics that are designed for quick analysis of AR characteristics via statistics in gridded climate datasets such as model output and reanalysis. This package can be used for climate model evaluation in comparison with reanalysis and observational products. Integrated metrics such as mean bias and spatial pattern correlation are efficient for diagnosing systematic AR biases in climate models. For example, the package identifies the fact that, in CMIP5 and CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases 5 and 6) models, AR tracks in the South Atlantic are positioned farther poleward compared to ERA5 reanalysis, while in the South Pacific, tracks are generally biased towards the Equator. For the landfalling AR peak season, we find that most climate models simulate a completely opposite seasonal cycle over western Africa. This tool can also be used for identifying and characterizing structural differences among different AR detectors (ARDTs). For example, ARs detected with the Mundhenk algorithm exhibit systematically larger size, width, and length compared to the TempestExtremes (TE) method. The AR metrics developed from this work can be routinely applied for model benchmarking and during the development cycle to trace performance evolution across model versions or generations and set objective targets for the improvement of models. They can also be used by operational centers to perform near-real-time climate and extreme event impact assessments as part of their forecast cycle.
Characterisation of In Vivo Corneal Dendritic Cells
Authors:   , Nasrin Fatema
Published: February 2025

Understanding the immune cells in a healthy cornea is essential to unlock better diagnostics and treatments for eye diseases. Baseline values for these cells in healthy individuals, and how systemic health profiles affect immune cells are overlooked in the existing literature. This study showed that sex, age, metabolic factors, and the lifestyles of participants should be considered while selecting control participants for future studies of corneal research. Comparing live imaging against ex vivo methods, this study confirmed the identification of these cells which enhances our understanding of ocular immunity and can aid in developing precise and personalised eye care.
Eğitim Yönetiminin Sosyal Bilimler İçerisindeki Konumunun İncelenmesi
Authors: Bozkurt Muharrem
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to examine the position of educational management in social sciences. Educational administration has an exceptional place in the field of social sciences. However, it is observed that structural problems in the field of social sciences also affect the management of education. The main reason why social sciences experience structural problems is that the disciplines within them do not question themselves personally, and as a result of this inquiry, the need to re-establish their conceptual structures is not eliminated. As a matter of fact, with the acquisition of a discipline, it is expected to question itself and restructure itself as a result of this inquiry. In this regard, it is expected that knowing the identity creation and development processes of the disciplines in social sciences by gaining existence will contribute to the successful identity development of the discipline in this process. Educational processes cannot be considered outside of educational sciences in the context of educational programs and individual learning methods. From this point of view, it is possible to state that the educational sciences consist of an autonomous form. It is seen that there is a structure of originality and autonomy in the process of methodological development of the field of educational science. It is also observed that there are ontological and epistemological orientations in the field arising from educational methodological structures and that these orientations are taken into account from a multidisciplinary point of view in the context of social sciences. Some of the projective areas related to the methodological structure in educational management are supported by the disciplinary status of the field, widespread research topics, culturally appropriate adaptation studies and constitute a resource for the field.
Key Words: Education, Educational Management, Social Sciences, Scientific Method
The effect of psychological toughness on the decision loop as mediated by cognitive complexity: Analytical research in the Dhi Qar Health Department
Authors: Fadil Hamad Sinan
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to identify the mediating role of cognitive complexity in the relationship between psychological resilience among decision-makers and the application of the decision loop model in the health sector. The focus was mainly on the role of managers as decision-makers, the basis for the success of organizations, and maintaining psychological resilience among decision-makers, which enables them to perceive environmental events and process information correctly to make decisions in the face of complex events in a changing environment. The study was applied to the community of (Dhi Qar Health) departments through a purposive sample consisting of (83) managers who hold the position of general manager, sector manager, hospital director and department head. The questionnaire was also adopted to collect data, and the program (SPSS V.26) was utilized to analyze the questionnaire and extract its results. The data was processed using a set of descriptive and inferential statistics methods, including (standard deviation, coefficient of variation, arithmetic mean, Pearson correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis). The research reached a number of results, the most important of which is that there is agreement by the research sample on a group of results, including the availability of the components of psychological resilience, cognitive complexity, and the decision loop at a reasonable rate among the study sample, with an increase in the effect of psychological resilience in the decision loop with the presence of the mediating variable, cognitive complexity.
Agricultural land and agriculture in the sustainable development of the European Union
Authors: Ursu Viorica , Tegledi Monica Adriana , Ivanov Iurie , Gribincea Alexandru
Published: February 2025

Agricultural land plays an important role in the sustainable development of the European Union, providing essential resources for food security, environmental protection and social cohesion. Agriculture, one of the oldest forms of production, has evolved over millennia and has contributed significantly to the prosperity of civilizations. Currently, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) provides financial support to European farmers, focusing on sustainable agricultural practices and supporting rural development. The CAP allocates 264 billion euros for the period 2023-2027, of which 189.2 billion euros for supporting farmers' incomes and 66 billion for rural development. Agriculture contributes 1.4% of EU GDP, generating revenues of 537 billion euros annually. The sustainable development of agriculture is based on the principles of efficient use of natural resources and reduction of the environmental impact, taking into account both present and future needs. Through rural development strategies, the EU aims to support rural regions, prevent emigration and combat poverty, thus promoting job creation and improving the quality of life. Reference documents such as the Cork Declaration and the European Rural Charter emphasize the importance of agricultural land in maintaining the countryside and protecting the natural resources. The sustainable development of agriculture is not only limited to economic aspects, but also includes the protection of biodiversity and the modernization of rural infrastructure. Sustainable agriculture thus ensures not only quality food products, but also the continuity of a dynamic rural economy, vital for the overall prosperity of the European Union. This paper will analyze the evolution of the role of agriculture in the economy of the European Union, highlighting both historical transformations and contemporary challenges, in an attempt to understand the adaptability of a sector essential for the region's food security and economic stability.
The Specificity of Russian Institutions and State Paternalism (Part 1. The State in the Narrow and Broad senses)
Authors: Pliskevich Natalya
Published: February 2025

The current stage of scientific and technological development makes the factor of compliance with new tasks of the institutional structure of the humanitarian sector of the economy especially significant as the most important in the formation of human capital, meeting not only technological but also social needs of society. Therefore, the role of institutions of state paternalism, designed to support science, education, culture, art, and health care, is increasing. These institutions, as associated with the most advanced spheres of society, on the one hand, are especially sensitive to all newly emerging needs. But on the other hand, they are an integral part of the general institutional structure of the state, individual elements of which may lag in their development and, accordingly, slow down the development of institutions of paternalistic support of the humanitarian sector. Moreover, all processes of institutional changes in Russia are conditioned not only by the technological breakthrough of recent decades, which, as in the cases of previous technological revolutions, leads to a violation of the techno-humanitarian balance of the development of society, undermining stability. The ongoing process of post-socialist transformation also has a significant impact on the specifics of institutional changes, since the length of existence within the framework of the real socialist system has left its mark on the characteristics of social development in such countries. In addition, the transition to the new system itself was traumatic for many citizens. Therefore, the analysis of the evolution of the institutional structure of state paternalism is preceded by a consideration of the technological and social problems facing Russian society at the present stage. No less important is the definition of how to interpret the state in the modern world - in the narrow sense as a system of state authorities standing above society, or in the broad sense as a complex system of organically interconnected components - power, economy and civil society.
Hukum Siber dan Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia: Tantangan dan Solusi Memerangi Kejahatan Siber
Authors: Sitanggang Andri Sahata , Darmawan Fernanda , Saputra Dony
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi tantangan dan solusi dalam penegakan hukum siber di Indonesia, sebuah topik yang belum dibahas secara mendalam. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah pada analisis peraturan hukum siber, tantangan yang dihadapi penegakan hukum, dan strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi kejahatan siber. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis literatur, wawancara dengan pakar hukum siber, dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat upaya yang signifikan dalam menetapkan peraturan, masih terdapat banyak hambatan dalam penegakan hukum siber, termasuk kurangnya sumber daya dan keterampilan teknis.
Post–Mating Mefepronic acid treatment has no effect on Progesterone levels and fertility in early lactating ewes during the non–breeding season
Authors: Kutlu Metehan , Akbulut Neffel Kürşat
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to assess the effects of post–mating treatment with mefepronic acid on serum P4 concentrations and reproductive parameters in early lactating Merino ewes during the non–breeding season. A total of 92 Merino ewes, 40-50 days (d) postpartum, were treated with an intravaginal sponge containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for duration of 7 d during the non–breeding season. On the day the sponge was removed (d 7), an injection of 500 IU eCG was administered. The mated ewes were then randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a treatment group. In the treatment group (MA) (n=28), ewes received an intramuscular injection of 10 mg·kg-1 mefepronic acid on d 9 post–mating. In the control group (n=27), the ewes did not receive any drug treatment on d 9 post–mating. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the Control Group and MA Group in pregnancy rates (33.3% and 39.2%), early fetal mortality rates (22.2% and 18.2), lambing rates (77.8 and 81.8%), twin rates (0 and 33.4%) and litter sizes (1.0 and 1.44). The P4 concentration on d 11 post–mating in the MA group (2.74 ng·mL-1) was not significantly different from that of the control group (3.16 ng·mL-1) (P>0.05). It is concluded that post–mating mefepronic acid treatment did not improve the P4 and fertility in early lactating Merino ewes during the non–breeding season.
Cruising the Mixed City: Homosexual Palestinian–Jewish Encounters in 1990s Haifa
Authors: Brom Dotan
Published: February 2025

This article explores sexual relationships between Palestinian and Jewish men in 1990s Haifa, analyzing how these interactions were shaped by shifting national and sexual politics. It focuses on the city’s cruising grounds on the seamline between Jewish and Palestinians neighborhoods, providing a spatial analysis of these key sites. Central to the study are two murder cases involving Jewish men and their younger Arab partners, sensationalized in the media as “homosexual murders.” These cases highlight the impact of economic pressures, shifting sexual norms, and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on the intimate lives of the men involved. Utilizing resources from the Haifa Queer History Project’s archive, supplemented by interviews with local gay and transgender communities and police officers involved in the murder investigations, as well as analysis of national press in Hebrew and Arabic, the study offers new insights into how sexual and romantic intergroup encounters are deeply intertwined with broader sociopolitical dynamics. This research contributes to the fields of queer history and Jewish–Palestinian relations, underscoring the complex interplay between sexuality and politics in a contested urban space.
Fear of Administrative Law? Student Emotions Around Studying Administrative Law at an Australian University
Authors: Bostock Chantal , Rowe Anna , Gooi Chien Hoong , Williams Cameron
Published: February 2025

Existing research and scholarship have established that emotions impact on student learning. However, to date, there has been little research regarding the learning experiences of students studying administrative law at the tertiary level. In this exploratory study at an Australian research-intensive university, we set out to explore the types of anticipatory emotions experienced by administrative law students at the start of term. One hundred and sixty-six administrative law students at the University of New South Wales were surveyed during 2021 about their perceptions of studying the course. Students reported a mix of both positive emotions such as interest and excitement, as well as negative emotions such as boredom and fear. The most salient factor influencing student emotions were perceptions about the topic and course content. While generally students valued administrative law and believed they would be successful in the course, they also reported concerns relating to its workload. These findings provide valuable insight into student perceptions of administrative law, alongside an evidence base for improving the learning and teaching of this topic for future cohorts and contributing to the wellbeing of law students.
Análisis comparativo de empresas multinacionales y empresas nacionales: un enfoque basado en la metodología de emparejamiento por puntaje de propensión
Authors: Păun Gabriela-Adina
Published: February 2025

El estudio tiene como objetivo emplear la metodología Propensity Score Matching (PSM) para realizar un análisis comparativo integral de las diferencias de competitividad y desempeño entre las empresas nacionales independientes que cotizan en bolsa (ED) y las empresas multinacionales (EMN). Utilizando datos de 2010 a 2022 y que abarcan empresas de todo el mundo provenientes de la base de datos Orbis, esta investigación intenta ofrecer información sobre el desempeño económico de las ED y las EMN y consolidar los resultados a escala global. Al crear grupos de tratamiento y control comparables de ED y EMN basados ​​en características observables y controlar posibles variables de confusión como el tamaño de la empresa, el sector industrial, el número de empleados, la clasificación económica de los países y la ubicación geográfica, este enfoque facilita un examen sólido de los indicadores clave de desempeño diferenciales entre los dos grupos. Los hallazgos describen las características distintivas y los resultados de desempeño de las ED en comparación con las EMN, revelando que las EMN a menudo superan a sus contrapartes locales en productividad y eficiencia, especialmente en industrias marcadas por la competencia global y la tecnología avanzada. Sin embargo, existen importantes brechas de desempeño entre países, influenciadas por factores como la presencia en el mercado global, el acceso al capital y las condiciones del mercado, y estas dinámicas varían con el tiempo.
Molecular detection of some virulence genes of Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from Camels
Authors: Alkaabawi Naer A , Ayyez Hayder N. , Mutar Halah M.
Published: February 2025

Klebsiella pneumonia is internationally recognized as one of the most important microorganisms that causes defect in economic importance to the dairy industry, affecting almost all domesticated species of animals and being reported from all over the world. This study aimed to detect K. pneumonia isolated from Camels and studying some serious virulence factors of k. pneumonia in comparison with those isolated from different animals. Sixty nasal and fecal samples were collected from camels. Many isolates on MacConkey were in different colors on chrome orientation media, the results on this differential media showed primary identification of 55 % Klebsiella, 21 % E. coli, 15 % Enterococcus, and 9 % Pseudomonas. However, the quantitative PCR for (16S rRNA) confirmed (82%) of total suspected isolates were K. pneumonia. Multi-sequences alignment of this sequenced isolate showed a high identical score to K. pneumonia strains from Hong Kong and Nigeria. The results also showed 100% of K. pneumonia isolates were resistant to Vancomycin and highly sensitive toward the others like Levofloxacin, Trimethoprim, and Ceftriaxone. The molecular detection results for some virulence factors genes (ESBL) showed variable differences of these genes in comparison with recently reported research on bovine such as (90% CTX, 100% INT1, 60% INT2, 60% KPC, 10% HEMO and 0% of SHV). It was concluded that the livestock and body immune of camels that less exposure to antibiotics plays an important role in restraining the development of the resistance systems of K. pneumonia towards antibiotics.
BODY AND HOOF BIOMETRICS OF MANGALARGA MARCHADOR EQUINE ATHLETES PARTICIPATING IN EXHIBITIONS
Authors: De Almeida Bernardus Kelner Carvalho
Published: February 2025

The biometric evaluation of equine athletes is important to determine their morphological condition, and even more so when it comes to show animals. These evaluations analyze the proportionality of the body, observed as a whole or individually, to determine its adaptive functions. The aim of this study was to take biometric measurements of Mangalarga Marchador horses participating in an agricultural show in the state of Alagoas, to assess their morphometric indices, groin proportions and claw angulation. Eighty-two animals were used, divided into four groups, M1, M2, F1 and F2. Using a tape measure and a hoof Angulo meter, various measurements were collected, tabulated, their means and standard deviation calculated and then submitted to statistics. The result was that all the groups had contracted grooves, a short, eumetric conformation, that the young animals were suitable for saddling and the adults for light traction, and that both the clamp angles and the load indices were lower than those consulted, except for M2. The linear indices, when compared to the biometric measurements, showed greater proximity to the data, disregarding variations in gender and age. There was no significant difference between the groups. As a result, the young animals did not conform to the values in the literature, compared to the adult animals, where the majority did, especially the adult males, both in terms of measurements and indices. Overall, the females had better hoof biometrics and the males better body biometrics.
Evaluation of antinociceptive and sedative effects of methadone or morphine combined with ketamine-midazolam in rabbits undergoing elective orchiectomy
Authors: Serighelli Júnior Gilberto , Boeno Riva Amanda , Sérgio Cipriani Daniel , Mota Fernandes Kelly , Borges Conterno Gabriela , Arnaud Rocha Vanessa , Jorge Ronchi Samuel , Carolina de Souza Maria , Comassetto Felipe , Nunes de Moraes Aury
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of adding methadone or morphine to an anesthetic protocol combined with ketamine and midazolam in rabbits undergoing elective orchiectomy. Twenty-four animals were used, evenly distributed into three groups, receiving 15mg/kg of ketamine and 2mg/kg of midazolam (GCON), associated or not with 2mg/kg of methadone (GMET) or morphine (GMOR), intramuscularly. Cardiorespiratory parameters, blood gas analysis, and sedation depth were recorded at baseline (T-15); 15 minutes after premedication (T0); 5 minutes after local block (T1); clamping of the first spermatic cord (T2); second (T3), and immediately after scrotorraphy (T4). Sedation depth was assessed via posture (PS); resistance to dorsal recumbency (RD); jaw tone (JT); palpebral reflex (PR); total sedation score (TS); muscle relaxation (MR), and stimuli response (RS).  The inclusion of a µ-agonist opioid enhanced sedation quality without negatively affecting anesthetic recovery. Results showed that methadone provided deeper sedation and greater respiratory depression, while morphine had a similar but less pronounced effect. GMET exhibited a significant reduction in respiratory rate (p<0.0001) and an increase in PaCO2 (p<0.0001), indicating more pronounced respiratory depression compared to the other groups. HR remained within normal limits for GMOR and GMET, whereas GCON showed a significant increase (p=0.0221). No significant changes in blood pressure or rectal temperature were observed between groups. Sedation quality was significantly higher in GMET compared to GCON (p=0.0018). It is concluded that opioids improved sedation quality without compromising cardiovascular stability, though oxygen therapy was required due to respiratory depression, particularly with methadone.
Response of Cratylia argentea (Desvaux) O. Kuntze to coating seeds with triple superphosphate
Authors: Mattar Eduardo Pacca Luna , Tiago Teixeira Viana Barros  , Edson Marcio Mattiello  , Bruno Portela Brasileiro  , Walter José Rodrigues Matrangolo  , Paulo César Hilst  , Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro  , Paola Andrea Hormaza Martínez  , Gutenberg de Almeida Nascimento  , Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias
Published: February 2025

C. argentea is a neotropical leguminous shrub with high phenotypic plasticity in response to abiotic factors; it is present in Brazil in the Amazon, Cerrado, and Caatinga biomes. It has potential for use as animal feed and green manure and stands out for its ability to grow in low fertility and tropical acidic soils and can be sown directly in the soil. However, in spite of these advantageous features, the species has slow initial development. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the species to coating seeds with triple superphosphate and the contribution of this technique to the initial stage of development. First, the physiological quality of seedswas evaluatedin response to coating seeds with different amounts of triple superphosphate. In a second step, we carried out evaluation of initial development of the species in a Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo (Oxisol) under high and low phosphorus fertility conditions after coating seeds with triple superphosphate. This technique did not confer benefits to initial development of C. argentea and led to decreased seed germination and vigor
Comment combler le déficit d’engagement communautaire sur le marché du carbone: Exploration d’un fonds commun pour l’assistance juridique et technique communautaire
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative,   Namati,   Grassroots Justice Network,   Rights CoLab
Published: February 2025

En septembre 2024, lors de la Semaine du climat de l‘ONU à New York, l’Initiative des droits et ressources, Namati, Grassroots Justice Network et Rights CoLab ont coorganisé un atelier d’experts sur la manière de fournir un soutien juridique et technique pour relever les défis auxquels les communautés affectées sont confrontées dans le contexte des solutions fondées sur la nature, y compris les projets volontaires de crédit carbone et de biodiversité.

L’atelier avait pour but de mieux comprendre les types spécifiques de soutien dont ont besoin les communautés touchées par les projets de crédits carbone et la meilleure façon de fournir ce soutien et comment rassembler des fonds et mettre en oeuvre un fonds commun qui pourrait financer ce soutien.

L’idée d’un fonds commun pour le soutien juridique et technique des communautés a évolué pendant de nombreuses années. En 2020–2022, Namati a mené des consultations avec des centaines d’acteurs du secteur privé, de la société civile, de la philanthropie et du gouvernement afin d’identifier une voie pour la mise en oeuvre d’un fonds commun. En 2023, Rights CoLab et Just Ground ont rejoint Namati et le Grassroots Justice Network pour tester plus avant cette idée lors d’ateliers conjoints avec des représentants de la société civile et du secteur privé et ont produit un bref reflétant les apprentissages et le consensus qui ont émergé, y compris les principes fondamentaux qui devraient régir un tel fonds).

La bref fournit la justification et le cadre conceptuel d’un fonds commun pour le soutien juridique et technique des communautés, mais de nombreuses questions restent en suspens. Cet atelier visait à combler certaines de ces lacunes, en mettant l’accent sur les marchés volontaires du carbone et de la biodiversité.
Investigation of In-Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Thrombolytic and In-Vivo Anti-Inflammatory and Antidepressant Potential of Holigarna Longifolia Leaf Extract
Authors: Mizan Md , Miah Md Shawon , Islam Md Khairul
Published: February 2025

Article
Investigation of In-Vitro Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Thrombolytic and In-Vivo Anti-Inflammatory and Antidepressant Potential of Holigarna Longifolia Leaf Extract

Md Mizan 1,2,*, Md Shawon Miah 1 and Md Khairul Islam 1

1 Department of Pharmacy, Dhaka International University, Satarkul, Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
2 Pharmacy Discipline, School of Life Science, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
* Correspondence: hellotomizan@gmail.com; Tel.: +88-1746469198

Received: 11 January 2025; Revised: 9 February 2025; Accepted: 18 February 2025; Published: 20 February 2025

Abstract: Discovery of genus Holigarna longifolia and its traditional uses were obtained by living in forest or semi forest areas by close observations of the indigenous populations. The main aim of this study was to evaluate phytochemical screening, antioxidant and anti-microbial activity, thrombolytic activity, in vivo anti-inflammatory and neuropharmacological activity of H. longifolia leaf extract. In vitro antioxidant was evaluated by DPPH and ferric reducing power assay, Disc diffusion method was used to evaluate anti-microbial activity, thrombolytic activity was evaluated by clot lysis, determine the ability of the extracts to suppress inflammation was done using the formaldehyde-induced paw oedema test influence of the sedative activity of the drug on the forced swimming and tail flick-suspension tests were studied by using diazepam. The phytochemical screening of H. longifolia extract revealed the presence of reducing sugars, tannins, gums, steroids, glycosides, xanthoprotein and terpenoids. In DPPH the extract exhibited strong antioxidant with an IC50 of 0.877 µg/mL, comparable to ascorbic acid IC50 0.839 µg/mL and in ferric reducing power assay the extract showed significant IC50 value about 43.736 µg/mL. In anti-microbial tests, the highest inhibition, 19 mm was observed against Escherichia coli at 500 µg/disc, while Bacillus magaterium showed the lowest inhibition 9 mm at 250 µg/disc. In the MIC test, the extract leaves showed highest activity against E. coli (MIC = 4 mg/mL) and lowest against B. cereus, B. megaterium, and A. niger (MIC = 128 mg/mL). The extract demonstrates clot-lytic activity of 20.45 ± 1.42% versus 31.17 ± 0.65 for streptokinase. H. longifolia extract was determined to be safe in the acute toxicity trial, with no toxicity, mortality, or behavioral abnormalities in the mice. In the anti-inflammatory test, paw thickness was significantly reduced with inhibition rates of 54.22% by the dose of 250 mg/kg and 60.27% by 500 mg/kg) compared to 71.71% for the standard. Neuropharmacological tests revealed reduced immobility periods of 126.2 s in forced swimming and 145.8 s in tail suspension tests at dose of 200 mg/kg. Further studies will be needed to evaluate the full pharmacological potential H. longifolia.
High-Yield, Environmentally-Friendly, and Sustainable Synthesis of Silver Nanowires Using Tannic Acid and Their Application in Conductive Ink Preparation: Economic Analysis and Rheological Investigation
Authors: Kaabipour Sina , Neal Finley , Hemmati Shohreh
Published: February 2025

Article
High-Yield, Environmentally-Friendly, and Sustainable Synthesis of Silver Nanowires Using Tannic Acid and Their Application in Conductive Ink Preparation: Economic Analysis and Rheological Investigation

Sina Kaabipour 1, Finley Neal 2, and Shohreh Hemmati 2,*

1 School of Chemical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
2 School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
* Correspondence: shohreh.hemmati@usm.edu
Received: 25 November 2024; Revised: 15 January 2025; Accepted: 11 February 2025; Published: 20 February 2025

Abstract: Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have garnered significant attention during the past decade thanks to their applications in conductive inks used for electronic applications. The polyol process, widely used for AgNW synthesis, is known for its effectiveness in producing high aspect ratio and high yield nanowires. However, this process suffers from drawbacks such as high energy consumption and use of unsustainable reagents derived from nonrenewable resources, which makes its large-scale utilization and economic feasibility challenging. In contrast, green synthesis methods offer potential solutions by employing environmentally friendly and cost-effective approaches. In this study, we offer a high-yield (90%) approach for the inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and sustainable synthesis of AgNWs, and show that the production cost per gram of AgNWs can be reduced by 31.72% compared to the polyol process. In addition, we investigate the rheological behavior of the synthesized AgNW-based conductive ink under screen printing and direct writing conditions using flow sweep, peak hold, and frequency sweep tests. The rheological behavior of the AgNWbased conductive ink provides valuable information regarding its use for various printing applications. The conductive ink demonstrated a shear-thinning thixotropic behavior for all silver nanostructure contents (2, 5, 10, and 20 wt.%), and all temperatures (25, 30, and 40 °C). It was observed that direct writing is better suited for printing inks with low colloidal content due to its lower shear rate, whereas screen printing is more effective for high-content, high-viscosity inks because it utilizes higher shear rates. The proposed cheaper and more sustainable method can serve as a promising alternative for industrial conductive ink manufacturing for printed electronic appliances such as printed circuit boards (PCBs) and flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs).
A assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal de alto risco: revisão integrativa
Authors: Pereira Maria Fernanda dos Santos , Soares Stefany Karoline de Almeida , Jorge Kaiany Kristiey Roberto , Damasceno Marleide de Souza Jorge , Silva Talita Vidal Minervino da , Amaral Elielza do Socorro Silva do , Sousa Byanca Santana , Soares Adriana de França Guedes da Gama
Published: February 2025

A presente pesquisa se justifica como forma de apresentar a importância da assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal de alto risco, um tema que deixa lacunas abertas. Ademais, muitos são os profissionais que não sabem ao certo seu papel nessa linha de cuidados. Esta pesquisa objetivou refletir sobre a importância da assistência de enfermagem no atendimento ao pré-natal de alto risco. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo exploratório descritivo de caráter qualitativo do tipo revisão integrativa, as buscas sobre a pesquisa foram realizadas nas principais bases de dados, como, o Google acadêmico, Scielo e Bvs. O estudo mostrou que se presencia a cultura arraigada, onde o enfermeiro não é visto como o condutor do pré-natal, sabendo-se que muitas das vezes o próprio paciente não abre espaço para o profissional, visto que, ainda é voltado apenas para a medicina, dessa forma, é fundamental a realização de novos estudos mediante esse tema, com abordagem de outros autores, de modo que, se construa visões sobre qual o real papel do enfermeiro na assistência de pré-natal de risco e persuadir o público de que o enfermeiro é um profissional que tem suas funções dentro do setor de alto risco, assim como cada profissional da equipe multidisciplinar.
Comparação do desempenho dos algoritmos de Prim e Kruskal em conjuntos de dados de tamanhos variados e análise de sua complexidade assintótica
Authors: Simon Matheus Raffael , Parcianello Roberta Vanessa Rojo , Villaca Guilherme Luciano Donin , Malacarne Maicon Felipe , Menon Gabriel , Araujo Érico de , Ponte Enerdan Fernando Dal , Roman Isadora Pizzatto
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma análise comparativa dos algoritmos de Prim e Kruskal, ambos amplamente utilizados para encontrar árvores geradoras mínimas em grafos conexos com arestas ponderadas e não direcionadas. A implementação foi realizada em Python, com testes executados em um ambiente controlado para avaliar o desempenho dos algoritmos em conjuntos de dados de tamanhos variados. Os tempos de execução foram registrados e comparados, demonstrando que, para conjuntos menores, os algoritmos apresentam desempenhos semelhantes, enquanto, para conjuntos maiores, o algoritmo de Prim se mostrou mais eficiente. Além disso, a complexidade assintótica de ambos os algoritmos foi analisada para compreender seu custo computacional. Os resultados obtidos fornecem diretrizes para a escolha do algoritmo mais adequado, tanto na academia quanto em aplicações práticas, como otimização de redes e planejamento logístico. Por fim, são discutidas limitações da pesquisa e recomendações para trabalhos futuros, incluindo a implementação em diferentes plataformas e aplicações em cenários reais.
Perda de solo anual em microbacia hidrográfica do Sudeste do Brasil: uma abordagem utilizando geotecnologias
Authors: Costa Lucas Leite , Souza Jackson Paulo Silva , Oliveira Gildriano Soares de , Cardozo Érica Pereira , Alves Ana Maria Oliveira Souza , Souza Giovane Sebastião de , Costa Aline Aparecida Andrade , Andrade Paulo César de Resende
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho apresenta a aplicação da Equação Universal de Perdas de Solo (EUPS) na estimativa média de perda de solo anual para a microbacia do rio São Nicolau que tem contribuição hídrica à bacia hidrográfica do rio Suaçuí fazendo parte da macro bacia do rio Doce. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar espacialmente a perda de solo anual utilizando ferramentas e técnicas de geotecnologias para analisar os principais processos erosivos presentes na microbacia em estudo localizada no perímetro urbano do município de São João Evangelista, MG. Os fatores analisados foram: a erosividade da chuva, erodibilidade do solo, comprimento de declive, grau de declive, uso e manejo do solo e as práticas conservacionistas. Verificou-se que a micro bacia do rio São Nicolau apresenta pequenas áreas bem delimitadas de maior vulnerabilidade a perda de solo e 95% de sua área com perda de solo baixa a moderada. Este estudo demonstra a importância da aplicação da USLE, que associada a geotecnologias é uma ótima ferramenta para compreender como a erosão laminar ocorre na área de estudo.
Best Practice for Right to Repair and Supply Chain Regulations: High-reparability Modular Smartphone Usage Model Mitigates Environmental Hotspots
Authors:   Center for Environmental Systems Research, Kassel Institute for Sustainability, University of Kassel, 34117 Kassel, Germany, Schomberg Anna C. , Mostert Clemens ,   Center for Environmental Systems Research, Kassel Institute for Sustainability, University of Kassel, 34117 Kassel, Germany, Bringezu Stefan ,   Center for Environmental Systems Research, Kassel Institute for Sustainability, University of Kassel, 34117 Kassel, Germany
Published: February 2025

Two-thirds of the global population own mobile phones or smartphones. Yet their short service life—often limited to just a few years—leads to frequent replacements, excessive raw material consumption, and rising electronic waste. This study evaluates the environmental benefits of a highly modular and repairable smartphone, based on real-world usage. Compared to conventional smartphones with an average lifespan of 2.5 years, this device achieves a lifespan of five years, enabled by user engagement and a modular design that facilitates easy repairs. This finding is substantiated by customer surveys. Verified through manufacturer data, our life cycle assessment reveals a 40% reduction in climate emissions, energy use, material consumption, water usage, and land occupation. A high-resolution hotspot analysis reveals significant reductions in environmental impacts along the supply chain, particularly in mining and energy-intensive processes. The advanced usage model—aligns with the European Commission’s “Right to Repair” and supply chain legislations—provides a scalable best-practice example to enhance smartphone sustainability and alleviate global supply chain pressures.
Robustness of Ensemble Deep Learning Model with Zebra Optimization Algorithm for Weather-Related Disaster Detection System Using Remote Sensing Images
Authors:   Postdoctoral Fellow, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia; Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior 474005, India, Daniel Daniel ,   Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia,   Open  Dist. Learning Centre, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia, Abdullah Azween , Raju Valliappan
Published: February 2025

Weather monitoring is a vital challenge in dissimilar areas of applications such as military missions, higher precision agriculture, outdoor entertainment and recreation, industrial manufacture, and logistics. The most vital application is natural weather disaster monitoring. Weather change has made stronger an occurrence of natural disasters all over the world. More extreme climate events have been experienced for the past few years, like lower and higher temperatures, sturdy winds in humid cyclones, heavy rains, and intensified lack. Therefore, at present, remote sensing imagery (RSI) analysis is necessary in the field of ecological and weather monitoring mainly for the application of identifying and handling a natural climate disaster. To upsurge the accuracy of detection, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) systems were applied to enhance the efficacy of removing features and help to perceive large-scale losses like landslides, earthquakes, and floods. In this manuscript, we design and develop a Weather Disaster Detection Model Using Zebra Optimization Algorithm with Ensemble Learning on Remote Sensing Images (WDDZOA-ELRSI) technique. The proposed WDDZOA-ELRSI model's main intention is to improve the detection model of weather disasters using state-of-the-art DL methods. Initially, the bilateral filter (BF) method is employed in the image pre-processing stage to eliminate the unwanted noise from input data. Furthermore, the feature extraction method executes GoogleNet technique to transform raw data into a reduced set of relevant features. For the classification process, the ensemble of deep learning models such as conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE), graph convolutional network (GCN), and Elman recurrent neural network (ERNN) have been deployed. Eventually, the zebra optimization algorithm (ZOA)-based hyperparameter tuning procedure has been achieved to improve the detection outcomes of ensemble models. The simulation analysis of the WDDZOA-ELRSI system is verified on a benchmark image dataset and the outcomes were evaluated under numerous measures. The simulation outcome emphasized the enhancement of the WDDZOA-ELRSI model in the weather disaster detection process
Kajian Linguistik Antropologi terhadap Istilah Kekerabatan dalam Bahasa Wewewa Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Kami Kanisius , Bili Mace
Published: February 2025

This research aims to describe kinship terms in the Wewewa language through an anthropological linguistic approach with a focus on analyzing the social structure, culture and interpersonal relationships of the Wewewa community. The data collected is in the form of words and phrases related to kinship terms in the Wewewa language. Analysis was carried out to explore the cultural meaning contained in language and understand the construction of cultural meaning in the expressions used by informants. The research results identified kinship terms structured based on age hierarchies, which influence social norms related to respect, courtesy and trust in daily interactions.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbantuan Android Terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas VIII MTs Al-Huda Pekanbaru
Authors: Attifa Fadlulrahman , Yeni J Fetri , Novrianti Novrianti , Amsal Mutiara Felicita
Published: February 2025

This study aims to assess the significant impact of the use of Android-assisted interactive learning media on student learning outcomes in social studies grade VIII at MTs Al Huda Pekanbaru. The research method used is the quasi-experimental method. The instrument used is a test to see student learning outcomes. The resulting data is statistically tested and analyzed descriptively. Based on the research conducted, it was found that the use of interactive learning media assisted by Android had a positive impact on students' academic achievement. The average score in the experimental class was proven to be higher compared to the average score in the control class, with the experimental class achieving an average score of 74.54, while the control class had an average score of 63.63. Based on the t-test results, the calculated t-value was 2.31, while the t-tabel value at a significance level of 0.05 was 2.018. Since the calculated t-value (2.31) is greater than the t-tabel value (2.018), it can be concluded that H1 is accepted. In conclusion, the use of interactive learning media assisted by Android has a significant impact on the learning outcomes of eighth-grade social studies students at MTs Al Huda Pekanbaru
Stability Of An Axially Loaded Bi-Material Beam With Interior Hinge Restrained By Elastic String
Authors: Ghazaryan K. B.
Published: February 2025

Հոդվածում դիտարկվում է առանցքային բեռնավորմամբ և առաձգական զսպանակային հենարանով պահվող ներքին հոդակապ ունեցող երկբաղադրիչ հեծանի խնդիրը: Հեծանի ծայրերում եզրային պայմանների չորս տարբեր կոմբինացիաների համար ստացվել են առանցքային սեղմման ուժի կրիտիկական արժեքները որոշող բնութագրիչ հավասարումները: Թվային վերլուծությամբ ուսումնասիրվել է կրիտիկական առանցքային ուժի կախվածությունը զսպանակային հենարանի կոշտությունից: Ցույց է տրված, որ ներքին հոդակապի հենարանի կոշտությունը զգալիորեն մեծացնում է սեղմող ուժի կրիտիկական արժեքները:
В статье рассматривается проблема устойчивости двухкомпонентной аксиально нагруженной балки с внутренним шарниром, удерживаемым упругой пружинной опорой. Для четырех различных комбинаций граничных условий на концах балки получены характеристические уравнения, определяющие критические значения силы осевого сжатия. На основе численного анализа изучены зависимости критической осевой силы от жесткости пружинной опоры. Показано, что жесткость опоры внутреннего шарнира значительно увеличивает критические значения сжимающей силы.
The paper discusses a stability problem for a bi-material axially loaded beam with an interior hinge restrained by an elastic spring support. For different four combinations of beam end conditions the characterizing equations are obtained defining critical values of axial compression force. Based on numerical analysis the dependence of critical axial force are studied versus the stiffnesses of spring support. It is shown that the stiffness of the hinge spring support significantly increases beam axial force critical values.
Examining Early Communication Profiles in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Dubai, U.A.E.: A Comparative Analysis of Cognitive, Language and Symbolic Play Abilities
Authors: Singhania Rajeshree
Published: February 2025

Effective communication skills in young children encompass a diverse range of abilities crucial for early autism spectrum disorder (ASD) identification. This study aims to analyse communication skills in 36 preschool children (ages 1.6 to 4.6 years) diagnosed with autism in Dubai, employing the Early Communication Assessment (ECA) tool developed by Coupe O’Kane and Goldbart (1998). The ECA evaluates 13 areas of early communicative functioning categorised into 3 to 5 developmental stages, ranging from Reflexive to Intentional Conventional. Communication abilities were assessed, and the 5 ECA levels were condensed into 3 for comparative analysis. Key communicative areas, such as joint referencing, social organisation, turn-taking, and imitation, were identified as significantly delayed in this cohort. Conversely, affective behavior, audio-visual behaviors, and physical production of sound exhibited relatively lesser impact. Contrary to common assumptions, poor eye contact was not the predominant indicator of communication challenges. Comparative analyses were conducted between communication skills and perceptive cognitive abilities, language proficiency, and symbolic play. No substantial correlation was found between perceptive cognitive abilities and communication skills. However, a significant association was observed between communication abilities, language proficiency, and symbolic play. These findings underscore the complexity of early communication profiles in preschool children with ASD in Dubai, emphasising the need for comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions beyond conventional indicators.