bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feeding habits, nutritional status of pregnant women, and low birth weight in the health district of Garoua I, North Cameroon: A cross-sectional study
Authors:   The University of Ngaoundere, Zra DD , Monglo B ,   Regional Delegation of Public Health of North Region, Domche MA ,   Regional Hospital of Garoua, Ngaha DW , Fombang NE
Published: March 2023

Low birth weight is a public health problem in developing countries, and this can be linked to food practices and nutritional status of women before and during the pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of food practices and nutritional status of pregnant women on birth weight in the health district of Garoua 1 located in the North-Cameroon. For this purpose, 55 women in the third trimester of pregnancy, attending antenatal care in three health centres of the district were recruited. A questionnaire was administered to them to collect information on sociodemographic and economic characteristics, and antenatal care. This information included age, marital status, matrimonial regime, level of education, number of antenatal clinical visits attended, and profession. The twenty-four-hour dietary recall was used to determine Individual Dietary Diversity Score and Food Consumption Frequency. Body Mass Index and Total Weight Gain were calculated. The results obtained showed that most of pregnant women of Garoua 1 were under-educated, with more than a quarter who had never gone to school, without any source of income, and were housewives. These conditions favour poor food practices as shown by the results which indicated that 25.4% of interviewed women consumed less than three meals per day, and 67.3% had a poor Individual Dietary Diversity Score, indicating that they did not consume more than two food groups per day. Individual Dietary Diversity Score and Food Consumption Frequency of the women significantly influenced (p<0.05) the birth weight of the babies. It is the same for Body Mass Index and Total Weight Gain which had a significant influence (p<0.05) on the birth weight. Indeed, a low Body Mass Index at the beginning of the pregnancy, and insufficient Total Weight Gain during pregnancy increased by 3.35 and 7.12 times, respectively the risk of having an infant with a low birth weight. Nutrition education campaigns to women of childbearing age are recommended to alleviate the problem, and to improve overall living conditions in the community. Key words: Pregnant women, Food practices, Nutritional status, Low Birth Weight, Garoua
Compost fertilizer business supply chain management strategy for stability of potential added value of waste raw materials in Jambi province, Indonesia
Authors:   Jambi University, Novra A , Fatati F , Devitriano D , Syarif S
Published: March 2023

This article describes strategies and policies for compost development based on the potential value-addition (VA) of waste raw materials and the problems faced in the supply chain. This research, which was conducted in the central area of smallholder oil palm plantations in Jambi province in Indonesia, is important because it is an integral part of the oil palm farmer's household independence efforts in the face of temporary income loss during the oil palm replanting program. In general, this study aims to develop a supply chain management strategy to maintain added value stability by ensuring the availability and price stability of the supply of waste raw materials, and product marketing policies in dealing with a single buyer (monopsony market). The data collected consisted of group historical data, interviews, and participatory observations. The method of analysis was descriptive based on data analysis using a value-added approach in a supply chain management framework. The research results show that: 1) the compost developed is not only able to provide VA but also encourages an increase in the selling value of the waste, 2) varies VA of is waste influenced by the price factor compared to the proportion of its use, 3) the VA is quite sensitive to changes on output price. The problem encountered in the downstream supply chain is the increase in the price of raw material for solid waste in cowsheds due to the gap between demand and supply. The level of availability of raw materials for cowshed solid waste depends on efforts to accelerate livestock population growth, such as through the implementation of sharia-based profit-sharing investments. In the upstream supply chain, the weak bargaining position of compost entrepreneurs due to the monopsony market has caused output prices to drop dramatically. The monopsony market that is faced has resulted in the low bargaining power of the compost business groups in price negotiating. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that government intervention is urgently needed to encourage the development of organic crop cultivation to create a more diversified market demand for compost. Key words: compost, organic, palm oil, raw material, solid, strategy, waste
Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency and minimum acceptable diet practices among children 6-23 months of age in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Authors:   Université Nazi Boni, Hien A , Some JW ,   Ghent University, Sombie O ,   Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et, Meda NTR , Ilboudo B ,   Institut National de Santé Publique, Kassie D , Fournet F ,   Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Ouedraogo AG , Zeba AN
Published: March 2023

The study assessed infant and young child feeding practices and associated factors among 6–23-month-old children in order to inform ongoing and future programs and projects in Bobo-Dioulasso area, in Burkina Faso. Information on child feeding practices and determinants in urban areas is limited in Burkina Faso. Data of 301children, collected in 2013, were considered in this secondary analysis. Questionnaires were used to collect data on respondents’ socio-demographic and economic situation. In addition to the information on child care practices, food consumption data were also collected using a 24h dietary recall questionnaire. Indicators of minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were constructed and proportion of children meeting these indicators calculated. Binary logistic regression was used to see the association between the outcome variables and explanatory variables, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with minimum dietary diversity, meal frequency and minimum acceptable diet. Data cleaning and analysis were done using SPSS version 25. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) were computed to measure the strength of association. Almost 3 out of 4 mothers (72.5%) were housewives and 62.4% of them were illiterate. Among the 301 children, 40.2% were aged 18-23 months. About half of the children (45.2%) were born to mothers from high income households. The proportion of children 6–23 months who met the MDD and MMF for breastfed and non-breastfed children was 18.3% and 28.9%, respectively. Less than one fifth of breastfed children (16.1%) received MAD. Girls were more likely to meet the MDD (p=0.02) and MAD (p=0.04) than boys. The proportion of children 6-23 months meeting the three complementary feeding practice indicators in Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso were far below the WHO-recommended standard of 90% coverage. The MDD and MAD were positively associated to the female gender. This finding could be used to better target the children in order to improve the effects of the ongoing or future interventions in increasing appropriate complementary feeding practices. Key words: Dietary diversity, acceptable diet, associated factors, children 6-23 months
Policy recommendations for promoting the viability of hay production in the arid rangelands of Kenya
Authors:   The University of Nairobi, Kimaru J , Mutembei H , Kaunga JM
Published: March 2023

Hay production in arid and semi-arid areas of Kenya is a flagship program under drought risk reduction and climate change adaptation strategies like the Kenya Climate Smart Agricultural Project, the Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy, and the Range Management and Pastoralism Strategy. In Kajiado County, the roll-out of the hay production flagship program began in 2018 without precise data on the financial viability of producing hay as a private enterprise. To inform the implementation of the hay flagship project, planners need a cost-benefit analysis of the hay enterprise and the challenges around hay production. The study undertook a literature review, a knowledge, attitude, and practice survey on 354 pastoralists, and a cost-benefit analysis of 23 hay-growing farms in Kajiado Central, Ololiloi and Mashuru sub-counties. The findings showed that proximity to hay farms and availability of hay resulted in livestock keepers increasing the hay fed to their livestock from 23 % to 62 % during the droughts of 2015 and 2017, respectively. However, 35 % of the hay farms having less than 90 acres and 8 % of the hay farms producing less than 4,250 hay bales (15 kgs per bag) were not profitable. Despite only two farms of over 400 acres accounting for 73 % of all hay production, they need more tangible support from the government. Furthermore, farms owning machinery and irrigation facilities were unprofitable, while rain-fed farms hiring machinery were profitable after three years. Other factors affecting profitability were cropping practices, herder-farmer conflicts, hazards like fires, and capital expenditure like building hay stores and purchasing irrigation equipment. Decision-makers need to address the inadequate seasonal hay market worsened by pastoralists' hay-buying behaviour, which was 86 % influenced by animal deaths at the peak of the drought. This paper recommends actionable policy frameworks to establish public-private-producer partnerships, promote stable markets, set up strategic hay reserves, promote low-technology production methods, and train commercial hay producers. In addition, policies should encourage pastoralists to diversify their livestock feeding options during droughts and use hay vouchers for drought response. Furthermore, the policy frameworks should be expanded to provide cash subsidies to hay farmers, address the high costs of machinery and promote drought-based insurance policies. Key words: hay, drought, cost-benefit analysis, climate-smart agriculture, pastoralists, livestock
Acrylamide variability and content in selected local and imported foods in Jordan
Authors:   University of Jordan, Mashal R , Abdalla A , Al-Ismail K
Published: March 2023

Acrylamide (AC) is a processing contaminant that is formed in some heated starchy food because of Maillard reaction, which involves a reaction between the reducing sugars glucose and fructose, and the amino acid asparagine and there are concerns about its carcinogenicity. In Jordan, limited data is available on AC content in food, especially local and cultural items. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the AC content in selected locally produced and consumed food items in Jordan. Acrylamide concentration in 91 selected food items was measured using ELISA kit. In general, the levels of AC in 67% of all food items were over 100 µg/ kg, where AC concentration ranged from 24 – 3403 µg/ kg. Within the bread and bakery products, the highest AC concentration was found in unsweetened Arabic rusk products (kirshalah) (268 ± 36.6µg/ kg). In the snack and fast- food groups, the highest mean level was in potato chips (1339 ± 1175 µg/ kg) followed by fried potato (498 ± 90.5 µg/kg). Falafel was found to contain (106 ± 21.1 µg/kg). The concentration of AC in traditional Arabic baked sweets such as kunafeh, baqlawah and haresah had levels of 198 ± 3.5, 101 ± 14.8 and 96 ± 8.5 µg/ kg, respectively. The current study provided a base-line data on AC concentration in some Jordanian foods and selected imported snacks. A considerable variation in AC content within each type of locally produced food items was found. The highest AC concentration among the selected local and imported food items in Jordan was in potato products (chips and French fries), followed by biscuits and kirshalleh. Acrylamide monitoring in targeted processed foods should be implemented. Furthermore, an effort needs to be made at national and industrial levels to improve the accuracy and precision of estimated dietary AC intake among different age groups in Jordan. Key words: Acrylamide, processing contaminant, Maillard reaction, ELISA, cereal products, fast food
The Meaning of Concepts of Human Nature in Organizational Life in Business Ethics Context
Authors: Horodecka Anna
Published: March 2023

The main goal of this paper is to exhibit the role of the concept of human nature
for the ethical orientation of organizational life. Therefore, after presenting some
definitions of the concepts of human nature, which depict the complexity of these
phenomena, some models of the concepts of human nature are described. Furthermore,
the setting of the concepts of human nature in the organizational life is
discussed. Those concepts can be perceived as a deep-structure of the organizational
life, having an impact not only on the individual behaviour of employees
and managers (like sensibility for human emotions, pro-social engagement, communication
style), but also affecting their moral competence and influencing
whole organizational culture – image of the organization, preferred management
strategies and the way of perceiving justice. Those elements play crucial role in
ethical attitude of the organization because all those variables support the efficacy
of ethical rules and most of them are part of ethical code and corporate ethical
code. Therefore, it is necessary for an organization to consider implicit and explicit
concepts of human nature on which the organizational culture is based and support
those concepts, which enables the ethical conduct of the organization and
being alert especially to the consequences of materialistic/egoistic and competitive
concepts of human nature. The theses discussed in the paper are supported by
some empirical research studies conducted in this field.
Political Corruption and Electoral Systems Seen with Economists’ Lenses
Authors: Dzionek-Kozłowska Joanna
Published: March 2023

The ongoing process of democratisation lead to the growing importance of the
electoral systems that regulate the procedures of gaining and legitimizing power in
democracy. Taking it into account it is worth asking about the relationship between
these particular ‘game rules’ contained into electoral law and the respect of
the rule of law, being one of the basic norms of a democratic system. A question
then may be raised about the existence and the character of the relation between
electoral systems and the level of political corruption. It is worth noticing that
besides the research conducted by political scientists and the representatives of
various branches of social sciences the significant analysis of the issue have been
presented by the economists.
In this article a brief overview of the economic studies on the relationship between
level of political corruption and the electoral systems is presented so as to
assess to what degree this approach may be treated as fruitful.
The Impact of COVID-19 Cases on Stock Prices of Selected Companies Representing Tourism and Banking Sectors
Authors: Dayan Volkan , Bolek Monika , Trinidad-Segovia Juan E.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The purpose of the article is to analyse the relationship between stock prices of selected companies and COVID-19 cases in those countries where the tourism and banking sectors have a high share of national income, such as Croatia, Italy and Spain. Methodology: The methods used are Breakpoint Unit Root Tests to determine whether a time series is stationary or not, and ARDL cointegration technique for cointegration testing. Results of the research: It was found that the number of COVID-19 cases negatively impacted the tourism and banking market in surveyed EU countries.
Constitucionalismo y revolución : el Cuzco 1812-1814
Authors: Najarro Espinoza Margareth
Published: March 2023

Cuando la Constitución llegó en diciembre de 1812, ya había en el Cuzco un movimiento bien organizado, pero también había gran malestar por el excesivo retraso con que llegaba desde Lima: Cuanto más se demoraba en la capital de Lima sus ejemplares, tanto más se encendía el deseo de este generoso vecindario en ser el momento feliz de su regeneración política. Según el abogado Rafael Ramírez de Arellano, líder del constitucionalismo Cuzqueño, ni bien llegó al Cuzco la Constitución, el presidente de la Audiencia Mateo Pumacahua, el regente Manuel Pardo y el escribano Chacón y Becerra, tenían el propósito de no cumplirla; para ello habían esparcido la voz de que esta era perjudicial para el pueblo.
Diputados e instrucciones del Cuzco a las Cortes españolas (1810-1814)
Authors: Sala i Vila Núria
Published: March 2023

El Cuzco fue la única circunscripción electoral del virreinato del Perú que no tuvo representación en las Cortes durante el Primer Liberalismo (Rieu-Millan, 1990: 49-50). Sin embargo, tal realidad no impidió que las elecciones se sucedieran y que se elaboraran instrucciones para sus diputados o se debatiera la manera de obtener recursos para costear su estancia en la península. Se analizará uno y otro proceso, como una propuesta de ahondar en las expectativas abiertas entre los grupos de interés regionales -socioeconómicos, políticos, ... -, con especial atención a las nacientes elites meritocráticas, sobre todo aquellas integradas por abogados surgidos al socaire de la creación de la Audiencia del Cuzco. Nuestro interés es hacer una prospección en torno a los proyectos de reivindicación regional que nos permitan esbozar los entresijos de los debates abiertos a raíz de la vacancia regia y la opción por un nuevo régimen político representativo, que de una u otra forma estuvieron en el trasfondo del estallido insurgente de 1814.
La revolución de 1814 en Aymaraes: Justo Sahuaraura y el tributo real
Authors: Garrett David T.
Published: March 2023

¿Qué ocurrió en las provincias altas, durante la corta vida del virreinato constitucional y del gobierno revolucionario del Cuzco? Lejanas de las ciudades criollas, ubicadas en la sierra alta del valle delApurímac y la cuenca del Titicaca, las comunidades indígenas -pueblos y ayllus- seguían dominadas por la estructura comunal, aunque se incrementaba el poder de la república española. ¿Cómo reaccionó la gente provinciana ante los sucesos políticos acontecidos en Cádiz y el Cuzco? La constitución se promulgó en la sierra en diciembre de 1812. Cuando se suprimió en 1814, las áreas desde Huamanga hasta La Paz se encontraban en plena rebelión -para muchos era la segunda en menos de una vida-. Se cuentan con pocos datos sobre la recepción formal de la constitución en los pueblos: su promulgación en las plazas, los sermones desde el púlpito, así como las conversaciones y luchas que provocó en las pulquerías y tabernas. Tampoco se tiene información sobre la recepción de la revolución. Aunque mucha gente de las zonas rurales formaron gran parte de los ejércitos durante estos años, sabemos poco de sus discusiones y comprensión de los eventos y objetivos políticos de los revolucionarios cuzqueños (Walker, 1999; Sala i Vila, 1996; O'Phelan Godoy, 2001; Cahill y O'Phelan Godoy, 1992).
El movimiento insurgente del Cuzco fuera del Cuzco : las noticias de la revolución y su impacto en otros "espacios"
Authors: Hernández García Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

Poco más de tres décadas después del levantamiento de José Gabriel Condorcanqui y Noguera, el espacio cuzqueño volvía a ser escenario de otro movimiento antisistema inclusive de mayor peligrosidad para las estructuras políticas y estamentales del virreinato del Perú. La rebelión de Túpac Amaru II ha sido considerada como antifiscal, como la culminación de todo un proceso de combustión social contraria a las reformas dieciochescas (O'Phelan Godoy, 1988) que limitaban poderes, recursos y que establecían mayor control. Sin embargo, el movimiento de 1814 liderado por los hermanos Angulo, Béjar, Hurtado de Mendoza por Mateo Pumacahua era muy distinto. Con el estandarte de la fidelidad a Fernando VII y a la Constitución de 1812, andando el tiempo los «insurgentes» terminaron abriendo una brecha profunda entre sus iniciales objetivos, el desenvolvimiento y el final de la revolución. Movimiento social diferente a lo vivido por varias razones.
El conde de la Vega del Ren, sus conspiraciones y el movimiento rebelde de 1814
Authors: Rizo-Patrón Boylan Paul
Published: March 2023

Las tres primeras décadas del siglo XIX fueron decisivas en la ruptura que habría de darse entre España y sus territorios coloniales en la mayor parte de América. Tras decenios de relativo silencio y tensión -en el Perú luego de la Gran Rebelión deTúpacAmaru y su secuela altoandina, entre 1780 y 1783- el continente volvía a hervir en conspiraciones y rebeliones más o menos sofocadas. Desde comienzos del siglo XIX y según iban avanzando los años, la región iba ofreciendo más y más ejemplos de descontento, frecuentemente interrelacionados.
¿Por qué leer a Platón hoy?
Authors: Gutiérrez Bustos Raúl
Published: March 2023

En el presente trabajo quisiera examinar la relación entre teoría y praxis en Platón sobre la base del examen del pasaje de la República en que Platón propone, por boca de Sócrates, el retorno del filósofo a la caverna una vez que ha concluido su formación y ha accedido a la contemplación de las Formas inteligibles y del Bien
¿Por qué leer a Descartes hoy?
Authors: Camino Macedo Luis Federico
Published: March 2023

La pregunta ¿por qué leer a Descartes hoy? supone una respuesta afirmativa a la pregunta previa de si hay o no que leer a Descartes hoy. Pero, ¿cómo puedo saberlo? Si asumo con toda seriedad la pregunta, el único que puede contestarla es Descartes mismo. La incertidumbre inicial, leerlo o no, solo puede ser resuelta mediante razones que surgen del pensamiento de Descartes. Nos encontramos en la situación de que para saber si hay o no que leer a Descartes, necesariamente tenemos que leerlo.
¿Por qué leer a Spinoza hoy?
Authors: Tubino Fidel
Published: March 2023

En el presente artículo voy a ensayar una presentación anticonvencional del pensamiento de Spinoza. Trataré de mostrar que, pese a la vigencia de las tipologías, la filosofía de Spinoza no es un mero desarrollo del cartesianismo, y que la singularidad de su pensamiento es ajena al racionalismo moderno. Asimismo, que ni su ética ni su metafísica son cartesianas y que la esencia singular de su obra dista más de René Descartes que de librepensadores judíos heréticos portugueses con los cuales Spinoza estuvo en contacto y que influyeron directamente en su formación intelectual, tales como Uriel da Costa o Juan do Prado.
¿Por qué leer a Marx hoy?
Authors: Patrón Pepi
Published: March 2023

¿Y por qué no habría de leerlo? En el caso particular de Marx, ha habido a lo largo del tiempo, y hay aún, tanto discurso anti-Marx y también antimarxista que, entre todos los autores tratados en este libro, la pregunta respecto de Marx resulta ser paradigmática. Suelo decir a mis alumnos, cuando estudiamos a Marx, que es precisamente ahora el momento de leerlo con seriedad, con pasión, pero sin fundamentalismos a favor o en contra. Ya no es el dios de la verdad ni el demonio causante de todos los males de la humanidad; ni el profeta, ni el enemigo. Como reza el título de un magnífico libro de Norberto Bobbio, hoy día nos toca leer a Marx «ni con Marx ni contra Marx», sin marxolatría ni marxofobia. Creo que se puede, se debe, leer a este autor sin ser marxista ni anti-marxista. Pero, como dice Derrida, tampoco es cuestión de utilizar a Marx «a fin de neutralizar el imperativo político en la tranquila exégesis de una obra archivada».2 No se trata, dice provocadoramente el filósofo francés, de simplemente hacer figurar a Marx en el gran canon de la filosofía política occidental; él se propone hacer «todo lo posible por evitar la anestesia neutralizante de un nuevo teoricismo»3 que le quite al pensamiento de Marx su fuerza crítica y su afán transformador.
¿Por qué leer a Nietzsche hoy?
Authors: Hanza Kathia
Published: March 2023

Así lanzada esta pregunta, directa, inmediatamente, se me ocurre contestar que hay que leerlo hoy, y en cualquier momento, porque después de hacerlo nada quedará igual. Claro que esta respuesta es muy imprecisa. También podemos contestar lo mismo si se nos pregunta por qué leer a otros filósofos, o a algunos poetas o novelistas, u hombres de ciencia. Percatémonos de esta circunstancia: hay muchos autores imprescindibles, en el sentido de que una vez que los hayamos leído nada será lo mismo, ni nosotros mismos ni las cosas que creíamos saber. Esto no es natural, forma parte de una cultura en la cual la lectura es una experiencia gravitante. Y por más que sepamos que ello no siempre ha sido así, que puede no continuar siéndolo, tendremos que reconocer que leer sigue siendo fructífero y vigente.
Evaluación de control de gestión en una cooperativa de crédito
Authors: Zanin Antonio , Dalla Vecchia Leidiane Andreola , Wernke Rodney , Andrade dos Santos Edicreia , Renda dos Santos Luiz Miguel
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la percepción de los empleados en relación con el sistema de control de gestión (SCG) utilizado para evaluar el desempeño en una cooperativa de ahorro y crédito brasileña. Para ello, se aplicó un instrumento de investigación adaptado de los estudios de Ferreira y Otley (2006), y Beuren y Teixeira (2014) a 82 empleados que representan el 21,08% de la plantilla total de la cooperativa. Los datos fueron tratados mediante estadística descriptiva y técnicas de entropía de la información. Entre los resultados, se observó que se consolidan el SCG y la evaluación del desempeño cooperativo, con una respuesta promedio de 4,35, que varía entre el nivel 4 (acuerdo parcial) y el 5 (acuerdo total). Así, una de las contribuciones de este estudio fue que pudo ser probado en otro contexto, y se pudo segmentar el instrumento de gestión y control del desempeño reestructurado por Beuren y Teixeira (2014). De esta manera, se validó la adaptación propuesta por dichos autores.
Haemato-biochemical Profiling in Buffaloes in Relation to Metabolic Changes during Transition Period
Authors: Kour Savleen , Sharma Neelesh , . Zul-I-Huma , Ahmed Touqeer , Kour Sandeep , Pathak A.K.
Published: March 2023

Background: Transition period is a critical period in which most dairy animals undergo a period of negative energy balance (NEB), hypocalcemia, insulin resistance, hypoglycemia and susceptibility to infectious diseases. The critical changes in biochemical indicators are well reported in dairy cows whereas; in dairy buffaloes limited data related to alterations in hemato-biochemical changes have been reported so far. The current study aimed to evaluate the hemato-biochemical changes in buffaloes during transition period. Methods: A total number of 210 buffaloes aged between 3 to 14 years with parity ranged from 1st to 4th, divided in three groups (n=70; each) during transition period were used for the study. Three groups viz Group I (-30 days), Group II (0 days) and Group III (+30 days) were subjected for evaluation of hemato-biochemical parameters. Result: Our study showed significant increase (p less than 0.05) in WBC (103/µl), lymphocytes and granulocytes count at the time of calving. Significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in the level of RBC, Hb and HCT were seen in Group-I and II. In biochemical analysis, parameters like albumin, total protein, triglyceride and A:G ratio showed significant (p less than 0.05) decrease from Group-I to II. Calcium and Ca:P ratio decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) along with suppressed levels of sodium and potassium levels in Group-III. Thus, the present study showed significance of hemato-biochemical analysis during transition period for possibility of occurrence of production diseases.
Investigation of Subgrade Construction on Pile Foundation with Flexible Grillage
Authors: Serebryakov Dmitriy
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To investigate the roadbed in the construction of pile foundation united by flexible grillage made of geosynthetic material. To investigate how geosynthetic material will work in such a grillage. To create analytical model of pile foundation with flexible grillage. To determine the strength of such textile material used in the construction. To analyze the advantages and flaws of existing methods for calculating pile foundation structure united by flexible grillage made of geosynthetic material. Methods: Structure parameters of flexible grillage reinforced with geosynthetic material, were calculated using three methodologies: British standard BS 8006-2010, German EBGEO methods, flexible thread calculating method. Results: Arched effect arising in mound body has been studied. Deflections in geosynthetic material were calculated at different loading levels of the structure by soil. Experimental values of forces in geosynthetic material are obtained. "Critical height" is set - the distance from pile top which within, arched effect is formed. Numerical value of uniform emptying has been established which at, pile foundation different rigidity is not revealed on surface. The strength of geosynthetic material of flexible grillage of highway mound foundation is estimated. Existing calculation methods for compliance with experiment results are analyzed. Practical importance: Technical solutions have been developed for two types of flexible grillage structures, both, combined and flexible ones with the use of one or more layers of high-strength geotextile with sand in the form of geo-confining. The developed technical solutions meet all requirements of existing regulatory documents and obtained calculated indicators as well as the requirements for strength, reliability and structure durability. The proposed constructions can be recommended for practical use.
Experimental Research of Energetic Efficiency of Electric Locomotive Asynchronous Traction Drive at Changing Load
Authors: Zarif'yan Aleksandr , Kolpahch'yan Pavel
Published: March 2023

Purpose: As electric locomotives work in changing load conditions, the question on how traction drive energetic efficiency indicators depend on being realized capacity has important meaning. The task is set to get in the course of experimental research — energetic efficiency main indicators — efficiency coefficient, capacity usage coefficient and capacity coefficient — of asynchronous traction drive of new freight electric locomotives 2(3)ES5S of “Ataman” family at work with changing load. Methods: Studies are given on full-size bench for traction drive testing. Special attention is paid on experimental definition of losses depending on being realized capacity. The bench’s built according to mutual load scheme, each of two channels includes traction converter and wheel-drive block. Wheelset axles of two wheel-drive blocks are connected with the help of torque clutch which allows to register torque values on wheelsets and rotation frequency. Results: Tests are hold for capacity six levels that has made it possible to obtain dependencies of efficiency coefficients of drive main elements versus changing load. The results are shown in tabular and graphical forms. It’s also shown how efficiency coefficient does change depending on load (according to board logger). Practical significance: The obtained dependencies of efficiency coefficients of drive main elements (converter and traction electric drive with reducer) from load value represent initial information for the work of the algorithm of discrete-adaptive control of multidrive traction gear which’s applied on electric locomotive 2(3)ES5S. This algorithm realization has allowed to cut specific expenditure of electric energy on traction in 20–30% limits depending on exploitation conditions.
Language classification in Western Amazonia
Authors: Valenzuela Pilar , Zariquiey Roberto
Published: March 2023

The languages of the Pano and Takana families exhibit a considerable number of lexical and structural affinities that cannot be ascribed to mere chance and are not readily detectable instances of borrowing. After the comparative studies by Key (1968) and Girard (1971) the proposal of a genetic relationship between these two families was generally accepted (e.g. Loos 1973, 2005; Suárez 1973; Kaufman 1990; Campbell 1997). Without solid argumentation, however, this classification was later put into question (Fabre 1998; Loos 1999; Fleck 2013) and, even today, there is no full consensus as to whether the observed similarities are due to genetic inheritance or long-term language contact. The present paper offers lexical and grammatical evidence in support of the hypothesis that Pano and Takana are genetically connected. Comparing for the first time what can be considered Proto-Pano and Proto-Takana reconstructions, it is shown that 18 of the 40 items in the basic vocabulary list proposed by the Automated Similarity Judgment Program (asjp) (Holman et al. 2008) might be cognate; this includes 9 body-part terms. Also, a set of alleged grammatical cognates are assembled, and shared constructions involving motion verbal morphology, intransive and transitive auxiliaries, transitivity harmony restrictions, and switch-reference are discussed.
Língua de madeira e discurso de vento
Authors: Sériot Patrick , Ferrari Dener Gabriel
Published: March 2023

A União Soviética colocou um grave problema aos marxistas ocidentais por causa de uma relação especial entre a língua e o discurso. A expressão “língua de madeira” pertence aos detratores e adversários do regime soviético, sendo, por conseguinte, um instrumento polêmico. A imensa maioria dos textos ocidentais que têm por objeto a “língua de madeira” descreve-a como “a língua da mentira”, pressupondo assim, por contraste, uma língua do verdadeiro. Esta oposição mentira/verdade é uma armadilha à qual só uma análise do discurso permite escapar. Na condição de ter em conta a dimensão própria de uma língua, o russo, quando a quase totalidade das análises do discurso na França tinha por objeto textos redigidos em francês. Esta dimensão própria da língua permite afinar os procedimentos de análise do discurso, evitando uma simples análise de conteúdo. Os exemplos aqui apresentados mostram os becos sem saída de uma atitude ingênua de propor uma tradução do falso em verdadeiro.
Resultado e experiência
Authors: Sant'Anna Amanda Alevato de , Martins Adriana Leitão , Gomes Jean Carlos da Silva
Published: March 2023

O perfect refere-se a um intervalo que relaciona dois pontos no tempo, podendo dividir-se em universal, resultativo (PRes) e experiencial (PEx) (PANCHEVA, 2003). Segundo Nespoli (2018), existem advérbios/expressões adverbiais específicos do perfect, sendo o “já” um advérbio veiculador de PRes e PEx. Buscou-se verificar as leituras de perfect associado ao presente – PRes ou PEx – que emergem a partir do ordenamento do sintagma verbal em relação ao advérbio “já” no português brasileiro (PB). Metodologicamente, aplicou-se um teste de leitura. Os resultados indicaram que os ordenamentos VP + “já” e “já” + VP licenciam as leituras de resultatividade e experiência. Assim, o ordenamento VP-advérbio em PB não se mostrou um fator relevante na determinação dos valores de PRes e PEx. Discutiu-se que o determinante que introduz o DP complemento verbal parece contribuir na determinação desses valores, sendo as sentenças com determinantes definidos interpretadas principalmente como veiculadoras de PRes e, com indefinidos, de PEx.
Consumo de frutas e Insegurança Alimentar em gestantes
Authors: Rangel Clara Christine de Souza , Gomes Daiane Silva , Brandão Thelma , Nascimento Pamela Cristina Brito do , Augusto Ana Lúcia Pires
Published: March 2023

A insegurança alimentar (IA) definida como limitado acesso a alimentos em quantidade e qualidade adequadas, pode afetar o desenvolvimento de indivíduos mais vulneráveis como gestantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre a IA, fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde com o consumo de frutas e hortaliças em gestantes de risco vinculadas a um Hospital de referência da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A IA foi mensurada por meio da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, os dados sociodemográficos e de saúde foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com 260 gestantes de risco, entre os anos de 2017 e 2020 e foi investigada, através de modelos logísticos, utilizando-se o odds ratio com intervalo de confiança de 95% (OR; IC 95%), a associação entre o baixo consumo de frutas e hortaliças, definido por um consumo inferior a 5 vezes por semana  e a exposição à IA, e sua relação com fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o consumo de hortaliças e a IA, porém, a IA associou-se significativamente ao baixo consumo de frutas (OR=2,1; IC95%=1,02-4,5), a cor/raça preta/parda/indígena aumentou  cerca de três vezes a chance do baixo consumo de frutas (OR=3,1;IC95%=1,5-6,3), além do consumo de álcool (OR=2,8;IC95%=1,02-7,7). A proporção de IA encontrada neste estudo revela a alta vulnerabilidade de um grupo já naturalmente mais suscetível a condições de risco à saúde, como as gestantes.
WHAKAPAPA: Our ways of knowing, being and doing
Authors:   University of Otago, Taani Paia
Published: March 2023

The beauty of te ao Māori is the pragmatic fluidity of many of our concepts. Generally employed to explain our genealogical links and connections to land, whakapapa can also be applied within the context of rangahau to organise, structure, analyse and understand information, experiences and relationships. This article introduces Te Waka Pounamu, a whakapapa-based framework developed as a methodological research model for my doctoral studies. Included in the whakapapa framework is a tikanga Māori model I have named Te Tuamaka. This model is the practical aspect of the theoretical whakapapa framework in that it guides and supports the ways my rangahau will be carried out. The following discussion introduces and demonstrates how Te Waka Pounamu and Te Tuamaka promote Māori ways of knowing, being and doing as valid methodological approaches to rangahau.
Sustainability of Forage Systems in Small Holder Dairy Cattle in The Plateau in East Java
Authors: Rahardjo L. , Wadjdi M.F.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. This study aimed to describe the sustainability of forage system in the small holder dairy cattle  in the plateau in East Java, in particular related to the nutrient content. The method used was survey (interviews, questionnaires, field observations and sampling) at the cooperation unit, farmers, livestock and farming location in one of the areas of dairy cattle cooperation in the plateau (Cooperation of SAE Pujon-Malang). The data obtained were analyzed through descriptive and regression statistics. The results showed that forage system dominantly given during dry and rainy seasons are elephant grass and corn stalks. Linear regression equation for the nutrient content of elephant grass is TDN= 40.516 + 1.404 CP, while corn trees is TDN= 56.212 + 0.740 CP. The conclusion showed that the dependent variable is largely influenced by external factors (environment). Improved continuity of availability of forage can be done by increasing the feeding system in the region (plateau) as well as the support from outside the region. Key words: plateau, dairy cattle, forage  Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan keberlanjutan sistem pakan hijauan pada  peternakan sapi perah rakyat di wilayah dataran tinggi di Jawa Timur, khususnya tentang kandungan nutrisi. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei (wawancara, pengisian angket/kuesioner, observasi,  dan pengambilan sampel) di koperasi, petani ternak dan lokasi peternakan di salah satu wilayah koperasi persusuan di dataran tinggi (Koperasi SAE Pujon-Malang). Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan regresi dan statistik diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan hijaun yang dominan di  musim kemarau dan hujan adalah rumput gajah dan tebon jagung. Persamaan regresi linier untuk kandungan nutrisi rumput gajah adalah TDN= 40,516  + 1,404 PK,  sedangkan tebon jagung adalah TDN= 56,212 + 0,740 PK. Kesimpulannya adalah variabel dependen sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh faktor luar (lingkungan). Peningkatan kontinuitas ketersediaan pakan hijauan dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan sistem pakan  di wilayah (dataran tinggi)  dan dukungan sistem pakan dari luar wilayah. Kata kunci: dataran tinggi, sapi perah, pakan hijauan
Performance of Mojosari Alabio Males Ducks Fed Complete Ration Silage
Authors: Ridla Muhammad , Allaily Allaily , Nikmah Fitri Kurnia , Ramli Nahrowi
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of complete diet silage on feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, water consumption and mortality. The materials used were 75 Mojosari Alabio male ducks, commercial diet plus rice bran (16.50% CP, 2900 kkal GE/kg), silage with 30-60% water content. Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were S0 (commercial feed), S1 (silage with 30% water content), S2 (silage with 40% water content), S3 (silage with 50% water content) and S4 (silage with 60% water content). Data were subject to analysis of variance followed by orthogonal contrast test. The result showed that silage with 50% water content has significantly increased body weight gain and decreased water consumption, but there were no  effect in feed conversion. Complete diet silage was safe for Mojosari Alabio male duck. Key words : complete ration silage , duck, performance Abstrak. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian silase ransum komplit terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, konsumsi air dan persentase kematian. Bahan yang  digunakan adalah 75 ekor itik Mojosari Alabio jantan, ransum komersial ditambah dedak padi (16,50% CP, 2900 kkal GE/kg), silase dengan kadar air 30-60%. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan S0 (pakan komersial), S1 (silase dengan kadar air 30%), S2 (silase dengan kadar air 40%), S3 (silase dengan kadar air 50%) dan S4 (silase dengan kadar air 60%). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras orthogonal. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa silase dengan kadar air 50% memiliki peningkatan berat badan dan penurunan konsumsi air yang signifikan, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi konversi pakan. Silase ransum komplit pakan aman untuk itik Mojosari Alabio jantan. Kata kunci : silase ransum komplit, itik, performans
Effect of Diet Containing Gracilaria Sp. Waste and Multi-Enzyme Additives on Blood Lipid Profile of Local Duck
Authors: Frasiska Nurul , Suprijatna Edjeng , Susanti Siti
Published: March 2023

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet containing waste of seaweed Gracilaria sp. on local duck blood lipid profiles including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). The material in this study were  72 female Tegal ducks aged 22 weeks with 1,318 ± 121 gaverage body weight, diets containing Gracilaria sp. waste (GW) with 18% protein and 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 150 g/ton feed commercial multi-enzyme (ME).  Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments, (T0) Basal Diets, (T0+) Basal Diets with ME, (T1) Diets with 10% GW, (T1+) Diets with 10% GW + ME, (T2+) Diets with 12.5 % GW + ME, and (T3+) Diets with 15% GW + ME. The treatment was givenfor 12 weeks and blood sample was taken onthe last week. The serum was separated and analyzed for blood lipid profiles using CHOD-PAP. Results showed that diet with 12.5%GW  plus multi-enzyme additives significantly (P<0.05) affected blood lipid profiles of local duck, tended to lower triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol, but increase blood HDL levels.
A machine learning model to predict efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer based on dynamic changes in systemic immunity
Authors: Wang Yusong , Wang Mozhi , Yu Keda , Xu Shouping , Qiu Pengfei , Lyu Zhidong , Cui Mingke , Zhang Qiang , Xu Yingying
Published: March 2023

Objective: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has been widely implemented as an essential treatment to improve therapeutic efficacy in patients with locally-advanced cancer to reduce tumor burden and prolong survival, particularly for human epidermal growth receptor 2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer. The role of peripheral immune components in predicting therapeutic responses has received limited attention. Herein we determined the relationship between dynamic changes in peripheral immune indices and therapeutic responses during NAT administration. Methods: Peripheral immune index data were collected from 134 patients before and after NAT. Logistic regression and machine learning algorithms were applied to the feature selection and model construction processes, respectively. Results: Peripheral immune status with a greater number of CD3+ T cells before and after NAT, and a greater number of CD8+ T cells, fewer CD4+ T cells, and fewer NK cells after NAT was significantly related to a pathological complete response (P < 0.05). The post-NAT NK cell-to-pre-NAT NK cell ratio was negatively correlated with the response to NAT (HR = 0.13, P = 0.008). Based on the results of logistic regression, 14 reliable features (P < 0.05) were selected to construct the machine learning model. The random forest model exhibited the best power to predict efficacy of NAT among 10 machine learning model approaches (AUC = 0.733). Conclusions: Statistically significant relationships between several specific immune indices and the efficacy of NAT were revealed. A random forest model based on dynamic changes in peripheral immune indices showed robust performance in predicting NAT efficacy.
Conditions for the Broad Application of Prospective Life Cycle Inventory Databases
Authors: Steubing Bernhard , Mendoza Beltran Angelica , Sacchi Romain
Published: March 2023

Purpose Prospective life cycle assessment (pLCA) is a key method for providing environmental decision support for future technologies. The specific technology under study is often modeled by the practitioner (the so-called foreground system), whereas data for supply chains are sourced from life cycle inventory databases (the so-called background system). Within pLCA, it is paramount to consider possible future developments for both foreground and background systems to avoid a temporal mismatch between the specific technology under study and the wider economy, which could lead to incorrect conclusions. Therefore, and given the importance of future-oriented environmental decision support, efforts to develop prospective life cycle inventory (pLCI) databases have recently increased. However, there is still much to be improved to realize the widespread use of these databases and to have a stronger real-world effect on how future technology is designed. Methods This paper summarizes recent developments and structures the information chain behind pLCI databases. We then discuss conditions for the broad application of pLCI databases, and we propose priorities and ways forward to overcome existing challenges to foster the use of pLCI databases. Results The conditions are scientific integrity, usefulness to LCA practitioners, accessibility, usability, interpretability, and a continuous improvement process in which core stakeholders coordinate efforts to streamline the generation, sharing, and use of pLCI databases. Conclusions Priority should be given to installing a continuous process to improve the coverage and consistency of pLCI databases, to improve related guidance and documentation, and to remove practical barriers relating to the access and usability of pLCI databases in LCA software.