bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensory Characteristics and Storage Analysis of Newly Developed Spider Conch Balls from the Spider Conch (Lambis lambis)
Authors: Saclot Joana Joy , Jumdain Rosita , Toring-Farquerabao Maria Liza , Ajik Kingpu , Jumsali Marhamin , Tahiluddin Albaris
Published: August 2024

Street foods, particularly in Asia, are widely consumed and enjoyed by people. Among these street foods, meatballs made from various seafood products, including fish balls, shrimp balls, and squid balls, are particularly popular. Due to the growing demand for these street foods, there is a necessity to innovate and create novel types of meatballs using other seafood products, especially those that are abundant but less utilized. This work focused on developing and standardizing spider conch balls (Lambis lambis) using three different formulations with varying meat and binder ratios: Formulation A (50:50), Formulation B (60:40), and Formulation C (70:30). Sensory evaluation by semi-trained panelists was done to assess the characteristics of the products using the three formulations, including flavor, color, texture (chewiness and juiciness), and overall acceptability. The product with Formulation C emerged as the preferred choice, with the significantly highest overall score during the evaluation (p < 0.05). It was subjected to storage testing and comparison with commercially available squid balls. Additionally, consumer testing was conducted to evaluate the acceptability of the newly developed spider conch balls. Results revealed that the newly developed spider conch balls exhibited significantly greater acceptability (p < 0.05) than the commercially available squid balls. The storage analysis demonstrated that the frozen spider conch balls maintained high to moderate general acceptability scores, making them suitable for consumption for three (3) weeks. This study suggests that spider conch (L. lambis) can be an alternative raw material for preparing seafood meatballs.
Efficacy of Seaweed Liquid Extract from Ulva spp. in Improving Growth and Chlorophyll-a Content of Eucheuma denticulatum in Tissue Culture
Authors: Toroy Leannah Andrea , Borlongan Iris Ann , Roco Obi
Published: August 2024

The addition of biostimulants in seaweed tissue culture helps produce a large number of good-quality, fast-growing, and uniform seaweed seedlings that could support the eucheumatoid farming industry. Various Ulva species already gained recognition for their potential use as phycobiostimulants in terrestrial crops; however, its growth-promoting potential on cultured seaweed species is not yet fully assessed and subject to further studies. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of a liquid extract (SLE) from the green seaweed Ulva spp. in improving the growth and chl-a content of Eucheuma denticulatum in tissue culture. Seaweed explants were cultured for 45 days in varying concentrations of Ulva SLE (0.01, 0.1, 1, 2, and 3 mL L–1) and one control group (UV-filtered seawater). Among all the treatments, the 1 and 2 mL L–1 concentrations had the highest direct axes formation (99.8–100%) and longest shoot measurements (3.6–3.8 mm). The highest chl-a content was observed in the 2 and 3 mL L–1 Ulva SLE with values of 93.5 ± 10.1 and 90.1 ± 3.0 μg gfw–1, respectively. The present study also revealed the presence of macro- and micronutrients in Ulva SLE, thereby improving the success rates of tissue culture. Thus, it can be a potential alternative to existing nutrient or biostimulant enrichment techniques, which could help address phyconomic issues concerning the availability of good quality and high-yielding eucheumatoid cultivars for large-scale production and minimize losses in seaweed production.
Status of the Salt Industry in the Philippines: Production, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Montojo Ulysses , Banicod Riza Jane , Tadifa Gezelle , Tila Christine Ann , Baldoza Bernajocele Jalyn , Tanyag Bryan , Garcia Lilian
Published: August 2024

Despite being archipelagic, the Philippines heavily relies on salt imports to meet its annual demand. There is a dearth of literature on the country’s salt industry, including verified production data, current practices, and factors affecting declining domestic production. This paper seeks to bridge these knowledge gaps, generating baseline data to provide applicable policy direction and sustainable development strategies for the Philippine salt industry. Contrary to the industry report, local salt production is estimated at 114,623.29 MT, or 16.78% of the country’s annual salt requirement. Occidental Mindoro is the biggest salt-producing province, with a 57.43% share in production. A myriad of factors has contributed to the decline in domestic production, such as failure to adapt to the changes brought by climate change, passage of ASIN Law, profitable land-use conversion, market competition, and stringent food safety standards and product quality requirements. Moreover, limited government policies that can be associated with the lack of agency tasked to oversee the industry, unattractive business environment, and limited access to government support services have pushed local salt producers into obscurity. The labor-intensive and seasonal production, unreasonable labor practices, and small economic returns have steered the growing disinterest among younger generations, which may indicate a total demise of the industry in the long run. The country should maximize its inherent natural advantages to scale up domestic salt production and lower importation. This could be done by institutionalizing an orchestrated approach to set forth holistic solutions to the multifaceted challenges for the sustainable development of the Philippine salt industry.
Assessment of Geodetic Mission Satellite Altimeter Sea Surface Height Data for Developing Marine Gravity Anomaly Models
Authors: Akbar Wahyu Nugraha  , Dudy Darmawan Wijaya
Published: August 2024

Marine gravity anomalies are critical for various applications, including the analysis of oceanic faults, bathymetry prediction, and the development of marine geoids. These anomalies can be measured using shipborne and airborne gravimetry, both of which offer high accuracy and resolution but are limited by their spatial coverage. Conversely, satellite altimetry provides comprehensive global coverage, making it a valuable tool for studying marine gravity anomalies on a larger scale. This research investigates the effectiveness of satellite altimetry in generating marine gravity anomaly data for the eastern Indonesian seas (6°N-6°S and 115°E-135°E). The study employs spectral analysis of Sea Surface Height (SSH) data to identify dominant components and their spatial resolution. Subsequently, the SSH data is used to calculate marine gravity anomalies via the Inverse Vening Meinesz (IVM) method. The accuracy of these satellite-derived anomalies is validated against shipborne gravimetry measurements. Results indicate that satellite altimetry can produce marine gravity anomalies with an accuracy ranging from 4.130 to 9.547 mGal and a spatial resolution of 11.75 kilometers.
Supinator to posterior interosseous nerve transfer to restore hand opening in brachial plexus and spinal cord injury: a systematic review and individual patient–data meta-analysis
Authors: Texakalidis Pavlos , Liu Lei , Karras Constantine L. , Alden Tord D. , Franz Colin K. , Swong Kevin
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and lower trunk brachial plexus injury (BPI) commonly result in hand paralysis. Although restoring hand function is complex and challenging to achieve, regaining volitional hand control drastically enhances functionality for these patients. The authors aimed to systematically review the outcomes of hand-opening function after supinator to posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) transfer.

METHODS

A systematic literature review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines.

RESULTS

A total of 16 studies with 88 patients and 119 supinator to PIN transfers were included (87 transfers for SCI and 32 for BPI). In most studies, the time interval from injury to surgery was 6–12 months. Finger extension and thumb extension (Medical Research Council grade ≥ 3/5) recovered in 86.5% (103/119) and 78.1% (93/119) of cases, respectively, over a median follow-up of 19 months. The rates of recovery were similar for the SCI and BPI populations (finger extension, 87.3% in SCI and 84.3% in BPI; thumb extension, 75.8% in SCI and 84.3% in BPI). Type of injury (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.17–6.4, p = 0.95), time from injury to surgery (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.8–1.29, p = 0.88), and age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.90–1.06, p = 0.60) were not associated with odds of a successful outcome. Duration of follow-up was significantly associated with successful finger extension (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.30, p = 0.026). No donor-associated supinator weakness was reported postoperatively given that patients had an intact bicep muscle preoperatively contributing to supination.

CONCLUSIONS

Supinator to PIN transfer is a safe and effective procedure that can achieve successful restoration of digital extension in the SCI and BPI population at similar rates. Duration of follow-up was associated with superior outcomes, which was expected.
A comparison of dysphagia rates between long-segment anterior versus posterior cervical fusion
Authors: Visconti Michael J. , Alentado Vincent J. , McFatridge Ian M. , Neher Antonio Z. , Potts Eric A.
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to compare rates of dysphagia and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) following long-segment (≥ 3 levels) anterior cervical spinal fusion (ACF) and posterior cervical spinal fusion (PCF) at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. PROs were also compared for patients with dysphagia versus those without dysphagia.

METHODS

A prospectively collected quality improvement database was used to identify patients who had a long-segment cervical spinal fusion. Cohorts were divided into ACF and PCF groups. Eating Assessment Tool–10 scores and PROs were obtained for all patients preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months postoperatively to compare. Multivariate analysis was also performed to evaluate risk factors for dysphagia.

RESULTS

A total of 132 patients met the inclusion criteria, 77 of whom had undergone ACF and 55 of whom had undergone PCF. Dysphagia rates between ACF and PCF cohorts were similar at baseline (13.0% vs 18.2%, p = 0.4). New-onset dysphagia rates were also comparable at 3-month follow-up (39.7% vs 23.1%, p = 0.08) and 12-month follow-up (32.6% vs 32.4%, p > 0.99). Patients who underwent PCF had worse Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores at 3 months than did patients with ACF (13.67 ± 9.49 vs 10.55 ± 6.24, respectively; p = 0.03). There were significantly higher NDI scores for patients with dysphagia at 3 months in both the ACF and PCF groups and at 12 months for those in the PCF group. Analogously, EuroQol–5 Dimensions scores were worse for patients with dysphagia; however, this was only significant for patients in the ACF group at 3 months. There were no significant risk factors for the development of dysphagia found on multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Similar rates and severity of dysphagia were seen following ACF and PCF at 3- and 12-month follow-up. This suggests that long-term dysphagia following cervical fusion surgery may be due to structural changes from the fusion rather than the surgical approach. However, the ACF cohort was significantly younger, and this may have partially accounted for the findings. PROs were also compared for patients with and without dysphagia, demonstrating worsened outcomes in some domains for patients who presented with dysphagia at 3- and 12-month follow-up. This suggests that dysphagia may be associated with a decreased quality of life after cervical fusion.
Influence of facetectomy, cross-link augmentation, and interbody procedure on progression of bone fusion in single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion using the long cortical bone trajectory technique
Authors: Matsukawa Keitaro , Kato Takashi , Yanai Yoshihide , Fujiyoshi Kanehiro , Yato Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE

When using the cortical bone trajectory (CBT) technique, two technical countermeasures are recommended to promote bone fusion: taking a long CBT screw path directed more anteriorly and improving the stability of the spinal construct by facet joint preservation, cross-link augmentation, and rigid anterior interbody reconstruction. However, there has been no report on how these surgical procedures, which are heavily dependent on the surgeon’s preference, contribute to successful bone fusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the progression of lumbar spinal fusion using the long CBT technique and identify factors contributing to the time taken to achieve bone fusion, with a particular focus on the involvement of surgical procedures.

METHODS

A total of 167 consecutive patients with L4 degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion at L4–5 using the long CBT technique were included (mean follow-up 42.8 months). Bone fusion was assessed to identify factors contributing to the time to achieve bone fusion. Investigated factors were 1) age, 2) sex, 3) BMI, 4) bone mineral density, 5) intervertebral mobility, 6) screw depth in the vertebra, 7) extent of facetectomy, 8) cross-link augmentation, 9) cage material, 10) cage design, 11) number of cages, and 12) contact area of cages with the vertebral endplate.

RESULTS

The bone fusion rate was 89.2% at 2 years postoperatively and 95.8% at the last follow-up, with a mean period to bone fusion of 16.6 ± 9.6 months. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age (standardized regression coefficient [β] = 0.25, p = 0.002), female sex (β = −0.22, p = 0.004), and BMI (β = 0.15, p = 0.045) were significant independent factors affecting the time to achieve bone fusion. There was no significant effect of surgical procedures (p ≥ 0.364).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to investigate the progression of lumbar spinal fusion using the long CBT technique and identify factors contributing to the time taken to achieve bone fusion. Patient factors such as age, sex, and BMI affected the progression of bone fusion, and surgical factors had only weak effects.
Structure, transport and magnetic properties of ultrathin and thin FeSi films on Si(111)
Authors: Galkin N. G. , Chernev I. M. , Subbotin E. Yu. , Goroshko O. A. , Dotsenko S. A. , Maslov A. M. , Galkin K. N. , Kropachev O. V. , Goroshko D. L. , Samardak A. Yu. , Gerasimenko A. V. , Argunov E. V.
Published: August 2024

Using solid-phase and molecular-beam epitaxy methods at 350°C, polycrystalline and epitaxial films of iron monosilicide (FeSi) with a thickness of 3.2 to 20.35 nm were grown on a Si(111) substrate, which was confirmed by X-ray diffraction data. Morphological studies have shown that the films are continuous and smooth with a root-mean-square roughness of 0.4–1.1 nm when grown by solid-phase epitaxy, and in the case of molecular beam epitaxy, they have an increased roughness and consist of coalesced grains with sizes up to 1 μm and a puncture density up to 1 × 107 cm–2. In solid-phase epitaxy, an increase in thickness leads to incomplete silicide formation and the appearance of a layer of disordered iron monosilicide with a thickness of 10 to 20 nm. This is confirmed by a change in the temperature dependence of resistivity ρ from semiconductor to semi-metallic and a decrease in resistivity by one and a half to two times. The nonmonotonic nature of the temperature dependence of the resistivity ρ ultrathin FeSi film with a thickness of 3.2 nm has been established, in which a maximum at 230–240 K, a region of growth from 160 to 65 K with Eg = 14.8 meV and further growth without saturation to a temperature of 1.5 K are observed. With increasing thickness of FeSi films grown by molecular-beam epitaxy, the minimum and maximum are not observed, but the tendency of nonmonotonic growth of ρ(T) with decreasing temperature and the opening of the band gap Eg = 23 meV remains. The probable reasons for the occurrence of effects in the dependences ρ(T) are considered. In ultrathin and thin FeSi films grown by solid-phase and molecular-beam epitaxy, respectively, an anomalous Hall effect was found, which was confirmed by the weak ferromagnetic properties of the films. The results obtained proved the possibility of growing and controlling the properties of ultrathin and thin FeSi films on silicon obtained by solid-phase and molecular-beam epitaxy, which ensured the appearance of their unique transport and magnetic properties that are absent in single crystals.
Dependence of the domain structure transformation kinetics on a temperature in heterophase Co/Pt/Co Films
Authors: Gornakov V. S. , Shashkov I. V. , Kabanov Y. P.
Published: August 2024

Using Kerr microscopy, the effect of temperature on the displacement of domain walls in ultrathin exchange-coupled ferromagnetic layers in Pt/Co/Pt/Co/Pt heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a nonmagnetic wedge-shaped spacer is experimentally studied. The exchange interaction between Co layers was studied for spacer thicknesses from 5 to 6 nm in the temperature range from 200 to 300 K. Independent displacement of domain walls in Co layers under a perpendicular magnetic field occurs in the thickness range d0 d dCR. In the temperature range, when the domain walls are moved along the Pt wedge, they are stabilized in the equilibrium positions. These positions depend on the field strength, the thickness of the nonmagnetic interlayer, and temperature and is determined by the balance of forces caused by the external field acting on the boundary, the effective field of the exchange coupling between the layers Co and the coercivity field. After the external field is removed, under the influence of the exchange field, the domain walls relax to the initial state with d = d0. The characteristics of the relaxation process depend on temperature. The mechanism of domain wall stabilization near dCR is considered. It is shown that the critical thickness of the nonmagnetic spacer dCR and the coercivity field have opposite temperature dependences.
Structural features of poly(p-xylylene)−cadmium sulphide nanocomposite films
Authors: Ivanova O. P. , Krivandin A. V. , Piryazev A. A. , Zav’yalov S. A.
Published: August 2024

The structure and chemical composition of nanocomposite films based on poly(p-xylylene) with cadmium sulphide (CdS) as a filler were studied by X-ray diffraction and IR-spectroscopy. The films were synthesized by co-deposition of p-xylylene monomer and CdS vapors on quartz and silicon substrates, had a thickness of ~0.2 and ~1.5 µm and contained 5–90 vol. % of CdS. The effect of filler content and film thickness on polymer matrix and filler structure was demonstrated. Differences in the chemical compositions of films with thicknesses of ~0.2 and ~1.5 µm were revealed, caused by their partial oxidation upon contact with air after synthesis. The possible influence of hydroxyl groups on the formation of CdS crystalline structures in films was discussed. A correlation was established between structural transformations upon changes in the CdS content with the previously obtained dependences of dark conductivity and photoconductivity for films with a thickness of ~0.2 μm.
Electron–plasmon interaction in Bi2Te3–Sb2Te3
Authors: Stepanov N. P.
Published: August 2024

During the study of the optical properties of solid solutions of Bi2Te3–Sb2Te3 p-type conductivity in the infrared range, it was found that in a single crystal Bi0.6Sb1.4Te3, deformation of the reflection coefficient spectra is observed in the frequency range of observation of the plasma resonance of free charge carriers. The deformation of the plasma edge increases with a decrease in temperature. Using the Kramers–Kronig dispersion relations from experimental reflection spectra, the spectral dependences of the real ε1 and imaginary parts ε2 of the permittivity function, as well as the energy loss function characterizing the rate of energy dissipation, are calculated. Splitting of the peak of the energy loss function was found, indicating the effect on the plasma resonance from another process occurring in the electronic system. It is established that such a process is the transition of electrons between nonequivalent extremes of the valence band. Convergence of collective and single-particle energies.
Modeling of silicon irradiation with C60 ions and the role of the interaction potential
Authors: Karasev K. P. , Strizhkin D. A. , Titov A. I. , Karaseov P. A.
Published: August 2024

Molecular dynamic simulation was used to study the processes of impact of 2–14 keV C60 molecular ions on the Si(100) surface at temperatures of 0–1000 K. Tersoff–ZBL and Airebo interaction potentials were used and the electronic energy loss of fast particles was taken into account. It is shown that when simulating single impact events, the target temperature does not affect the development of the displacement cascade, but affects its thermalization and the formation of the crater on the surface. As the energy increases, the carbon penetration depth, the size of the formed crater and the rim increase. The sputtering coefficient of silicon atoms in this case increases linearly with energy, and in the case of carbon atoms it reaches a steady-state value at 10 keV. Using the Tersoff potential gives a larger number of atomized carbon atoms for single impact events compared to Airebo potential. During cumulative events, the formation of an etch pit is observed at the initial stage, followed by the carbon film growth. In contrast to single events, the use of the Airebo potential in the case of cumulative ion accumulation gives a higher sputtering coefficient than the Tersoff potential. The formation of carbide bonds in the crystal and an increase in their concentration with ion fluence slightly reduces the number of sputtered particles. Therefore, for correct comparison of simulation results with experiment, it is not enough to use the results of the analysis of single impact event. It is necessary to perform the simulation of the cumulative fluence accumulation.
Analysis of the state of the surface layer of the SAP-2 composite alloy after irradiation with a high power ion beam
Authors: Panova T. V. , Kovivchak V. S.
Published: August 2024

The effect of high-power ion beam of nanosecond duration on the phase composition and morphology of the surface of aluminum composite material SAP-2 has been studied. It was found that after irradiation with a high-power ion beam under all irradiation modes used in the experiments no changes in the phase composition are observed. However, the observed shifts and broadening of diffraction peaks from irradiated samples indicate the formation of residual stresses and transformation of the initial dislocation structure. The observed decrease in dislocation density resulted in a decrease in the microhardness of SAP-2 irradiated at current densities of 50 and 100 A/cm2. It is shown that the increase in the ion current density leads to an increase in the oxygen fraction in the surface layer of SAP-2, which is apparently associated with partial evaporation of aluminum and an increase in the concentration of inclusions of Al2O3, which is part of the material. A nonlinear character of the dependence of the average ratio of oxygen content to aluminum on the ion current density of the beam is observed, the maximum value of which was recorded at irradiation with a beam current density of 100 A/cm2. Intense heating of the SAP-2 surface under ion beam irradiation leads to changes in the dispersion of Al2O3 inclusions on the irradiated surface. The maximum coagulation of Al2O3 particles was found at irradiation by a powerful ion beam with a current density of 100 A/cm2.
Layered composite material of niobium–ceramic
Authors: Kamynina O. K. , Vadchenko S. G. , Kovalev I. D. , Prokhorov D. V. , Andreev D. E. , Nekrasov A. N.
Published: August 2024

Layered composite materials based on niobium and cermet were produced via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of pre-structured samples using metal foils (Ti, Nb, Ta, Ni) and reaction tapes (Ti + 1.7B) and (5Ti + 3Si). Reaction tapes for synthesis were produced by rolling process of powder mixtures. The microstructure, elemental and phase compositions of the synthesized multilayer composite materials were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. Particular attention was paid to the formation of intermediate layers and surface modification occurring during combustion. The strength characteristics of synthesized materials were determined according to the three-point loading scheme at temperatures of 1100°C. The analysis of obtained materials showed that joining in the combustion mode of metal foils and reaction tapes is provided due to reaction diffusion, mutual impregnation and chemical reactions occurring in the reaction tapes and on the surface of metal foils. The formation of thin intermediate layers in the form of cermet and eutectic solutions provides the synthesized multilayer materials with good strength properties up to 87 MPa at 1100°C. These results are of interest for the development of structural materials operating under extreme conditions.
Prediction of the boroaluminized layer thickness using an artificial neural network
Authors: Mishigdorzhiyn U. L. , Dyshenov B. A. , Semenov A. P. , Ulakhanov N. S. , Markhadayev B. E.
Published: August 2024

The application of mathematical models of artificial neural networks for predicting the properties of diffusion layers created by thermal-chemical treatment based on the boroaluminizing process was considered. Formalization and analysis of prediction of experimental results were carried out. It was established that the construction of computer prediction models based on experimental data of boroaluminizing was a solvable problem with high precision when using artificial neural networks of the multilayer perceptron type. Thus, testing the number of hidden layers and the number of neurons in them revealed the highest correlation coefficient R = 0.99993 of the artificial neural network using two hidden layers with ten and six neurons, respectively. The highest efficiency can be achieved using the “hyperbolic tangent” activation function.
THE INFLUENCE OF FARMING EXPERIENCE, PRODUCTION COSTS, SELLING PRICE, AND NUMBER OF TREES THROUGH PRODUCTION AS INTERVENING VARIABLES ON THE INCOME OF CRYSTAL GUAVA FARMERS IN UMBULSARI DISTRICT, JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Fathoni Affan , Firdaus Muhammad , Wahyudi Farid
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of farming experience and costs production, selling price, and number of trees through production as variables intervening on the income of crystal guava farmers in Umbulsari District Jember Regency. The data used in this research is data secondary and primary data collected through distributing questionnaires against 96 correspondents. The sampling technique used in this research is a non-probability sampling technique with the snowball sampling method. The data processing method uses the path analysis method with the help of tools SPSS 25 analysis. The test used in this research is the instrument test data (Validity and Reliability Test), classic assumption test, t test, and Sobel test. Results This research shows directly the variable of farming experience significant effect on production variables, while cost variables production, selling price, and number of trees do not have a significant effect on production variables. And directly the variables are production costs, selling prices, and production has a significant effect on the income variable, meanwhile the variables of farming experience and number of trees did not have a significant effect to the income variable. To test indirectly, use the test Sobel test calculator concluded that the farming experience variable through the production variable has a significant effect on the income variable crystal guava farmers in Umbulsari District, Jember Regency.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF GROUPER FISH HATCHERY CULTIVATION AND ITS IMPACT ON COMMUNITY WELFARE
Authors: Utari Dewi , Sunarsih  , Wahyudi Farid
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is to formulate a potential strategy for grouper hatchery cultivation that is good for use in cultivation in Pasir Putih Village, Bungatan District, Situbondo Regency. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method using SWOT analysis. This research uses primary data by means of observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results of this research are that the obstacles to grouper hatchery cultivation are fish diseases caused by viruses and fish dying during delivery. However, the profitability of grouper hatchery cultivation is quite promising. This grouper hatchery cultivation has internal factors in the form of strengths including strategic location, availability of cultivation land, availability of labor, high potential for aquaculture. And the weaknesses include expensive capital, poor quality of human resource knowledge, high operational costs, climate change. As well as external factors in the form of opportunities including high market demand, opening up employment opportunities, high prices for grouper fish, increasing people's income. And threats include disease in fish, lots of competitors, fish dying during shipping, environmental pollution. In calculating the IFAS matrix with a score of 0.24 which includes a strength score of 2.15 and weaknesses with a score of 1.91 and the EFAS matrix with a score of 0.38 includes an opportunity score of 2.15 and a threat score of 1.76 which determines Grouper hatchery cultivation in Pasir Putih Village is located in quadrant I position with favorable conditions, has great strength and utilizes opportunities effectively, this grouper hatchery cultivation can use aggressive strategies. Then, the impact of grouper hatchery cultivation on the people of Pasir Putih Village is very profitable because it can open up job opportunities and improve the standard of living of the affected people.
THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES, CAPITAL, TYPE OF BUSINESS AND WORKING HOURS ON INCOME THROUGH PRODUCTIVITY AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN BUMDES CITRA MANDIRI JEMBER
Authors: Ica Nurjannah Rokayyah , Wahyudi Farid , Wijaya Kusuma Dedy
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of human resources, capital, type of business and working hours on income through productivity as an intervening variable at BUMDes Citra Mandiri Jember. The analysis method used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis method. The data used in this research is primary data. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 30 respondents. The analysis tool used is path analysis using SPSS Version 25. The results showed that in the model 1 path regression test, the variable type of business had an effect on productivity, while the variables of human resources, capital and working hours had no effect on the productivity of BUMDes Citra Mandiri Jember. In the model 2 path regression test, the variables of human resources, capital, type of business, working hours and productivity have no effect on the income of BUMDes Citra Mandiri Jember.
FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCOUNTING STUDY PROGRAM STUDENTS' INTEREST IN CHOOSING A CAREER TO BECOME PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN JEMBER DISTRICT
Authors: Suprehatin  , Widaninggar Nanda , Kartika Sari Nurshadrina
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the interest of accounting study program students in choosing a career as a public accountant at universities in Jember Regency. The data collection method in this research is by distributing questionnaires. The population of this research is students of the Accounting Study Program at universities in Jember Regency, totaling 1,957. The sampling technique was carried out using a purposive sampling technique. The data analysis method used is Multiple Linear Regression. The research results show that academic achievement and gender partially influence the choice of career as a public accountant. Meanwhile, professional training, personality, parental influence, and requirements to become an accountant do not influence the choice of a career as a public accountant. Simultaneously, professional training, personality, academic achievement, parental influence, requirements to become an accountant, and gender influence the career choice of becoming a public accountant.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN RAMBIPUJI VILLAGE, RAMBIPUJI DISTRICT, JEMBER DISTRICT
Authors: Dara Destia Purnama Sari Trya , Wahyudi Farid , Rachmawati Ratih
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of age, health, household income, number of family dependents on the level of family welfare of beneficiaries through the intervening variable achievement of social assistance programs. The method used is quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study was KPM (beneficiary family) from 64 social assistance programs in Rambipuji Village. Sampling uses probability samples because it provides the same opportunity to be used as a sample with simple random sampling. Data analysis techniques to answer the hypothesis in this study use the path analysis method.
PENGARUH ONLINE CUSTOMER REVIEW, ONLINE CUSTOMER RATING, HARGA, KUALITAS PRODUK, DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN DI SHOPEE
Authors: Ludy Amalia Dewi , Dahliani Yani , Qomaruzzaman Ratu Edi Bagus
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of Online Customer Reviews, Online Customer Ratings, Price, Product Quality and Promotion on Purchasing Decisions at Shopee (Case Study of Students at the Mandala Jember Institute of Technology and Science) both partially and simultaneously. This type of research is quantitative. The population in this study were students of the Mandala Jember Institute of Technology and Science. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used was 60 respondents using the Roscoe formula. The analysis method uses multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS 20. The tests used are data instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R2) and Hypothesis Testing. The research results show that the price and promotion variables partially influence purchasing decisions, but Online Customer Reviews, Online Customer Ratings and Product Quality do not partially influence purchasing decisions. Then, online customer reviews, online customer ratings, price, product quality and promotions simultaneously influence purchasing decisions on Shopee.
Application of Moderation Value on Legal Attitudes to Transact with Conventional Banks
Authors: Hidayat Darussalam
Published: August 2024

This article aims to analyse the legal attitude of the community towards conventional bank interest and the application of this legal attitude in society. Islam forbids all forms of transaction applications of buying and selling or lending with usury systems. However, the mechanisms and systems of modern banking transactions are not yet known comprehensively in Islam and give rise to differences of opinion among Muslims. This difference of opinion is inseparable from their paradigm of thinking, namely textual and contextual ways of thinking. This case can be categorised as a matter of ijtihâdiyyah khilâfiyyah. This difference of opinion is very likely to occur because the rules of muamalah matters are actually allowed in sharia and become haram (forbidden) until there is evidence that prohibits it. Problems arise when the understanding that is believed to be related to sharia economic law, so that it feels that its understanding is the absolutely correct understanding, and then considers it a mistake if there are other people's opinions differ from it. The emergence of intolerant polemics like this can spark the fire of discord and cause distorted perceptions in the community related to religious harmony.  Using a sociological approach, this article analyses the legal attitude towards conventional banks and its application in social life. The results of the study show that moderation is needed in viewing differences in legal attitudes related to bank interest so as to present a tolerant dogmatism of society and be able to avoid divisions due to intolerant attitudes.
Gustav Schmidt (ed.): A History of NATO. The First Fifty Years
Authors: Eichler Jan
Published: August 2024

Gustav Schmidt (ed.): A History of NATO. The First Fifty Years. 1st ed. 3 volumes. Palgrave, New York 2001, ISBN 0-333-96277-X.
Inobhutnahmen – ein skeptischer Blick von außen
Authors: Struck Norbert
Published: August 2024

Inobhutnahmen – ein skeptischer Blick von außen
Wir trauern um Prof. Dr. Emmanuel Grupper (13. Oktober 1944 – 27. April 2024)
Authors: Peters Friedhelm
Published: August 2024

Internationales: Wir trauern um Prof. Dr. Emmanuel Grupper (13. Oktober 1944 – 27. April 2024)
Freiheitsentzug im Rahmen der Inobhutnahme – rechtliche Einordnung
Authors: Janssen Simone
Published: August 2024

Der nachfolgende Beitrag stellt die rechtlichen Grundlagen für freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen im Rahmen der Inobhutnahme vor. Die Autorin widmet sich kritisch der Frage, inwieweit ein Freiheitsentzug im Rahmen der Inobhutnahme konzeptionell vereinbar ist.
Efecto de la disponibilidad de recursos energéticos en la sensibilidad al riesgo en ratas (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: García Leal Óscar ,   Universidad de Guadalajara, Saldivar Olivares Gamaliel , Díaz Lemus Carlos A. ,   Universidad de Guadalajara,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: August 2024

Se utilizó una tarea de elección libre en ratas (Rattus norvegicus) que simulaba condiciones extremas de búsqueda de recursos energéticos en contextos naturales, con el objetivo de estudiar la sensibilidad al riesgo en la búsqueda de los mismos. Se presentaron dos fuentes de obtención de recursos que proporcionaban diferente tasa de obtención de energía. Cada una de las fuentes proporcionaba la misma cantidad de recursos, en el estudio realizado agua, durante la sesión, variándose la demora de obtención del agua en cada una de las alternativas. Se comparó la preferencia por una u otra fuente de distribución, demora constante versus demora variable, cuando las ratas 1) disponían de recursos energéticos suficientes para garantizar su supervivencia independientemente del agua obtenido en la fuente elegida o, 2) sus posibilidades de supervivencia dependían de la elección realizada. Los resultados obtenidos son compatibles con la hipótesis de disponibilidad de energía (Stephens, 1981), poniendo de manifiesto que la disponibilidad de recursos energéticos no solamente es un factor determinante de la sensibilidad al riesgo en animales de pequeño tamaño, sino que también se observa en otros de tamaño superior, al menos ratas, cuando la restricción en la disponibilidad de recursos energéticos es severa.
El papel del entrenamiento preiliminar en la adquisoción de repsuestas de observación
Authors: Villegas Taokueneshi ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Bruner Carlos A. ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: August 2024

Se cuestiona el uso de entrenamiento preliminar extenso para establecer respuestas de observación (Ros) En dos diferentes experimentos se expuso a ratas a un procedimiento de observación que consistió en un programa de reforzamiento concurrente vigente en dos palancas. Las respuestas en la palanca izquierda produjeron comida conforme a un programa mixto de reforzamiento intervalo al azar (IA) 8 s extincíón. Cada respuesta en la palanca derecha encendía estímulos correlacionados diferencialmente con cada componente del programa mixto. En el Experimento 1 se expuso directamente a tres ratas experimentalmente ingenuas a este procedimiento. Se establecieron Ros en una rata y se observó una correlación entre respuestas por comida y Ros. En el Experimento 2 nuevas ratas divididas en dos grupos fueron expuestas durante 10 sesiones a diferentes programas de reforzamiento, lA 6 s ó lA 52 s, respectivamente, antes de exponerlas al procedimiento de observación. Se establecieron Ros en todas las ratas aunque en el grupo expuesto al lA 52 s una demoró casi 40 sesiones. Los resultados muestran que facilitar la adquisición de la respuesta por comida es conducente al establecimiento de Ros.
Efectos de variar el grado de explicitación del criterio de ajuste sobre el desempeño de estudiantes en tareas de identificación y elaboración
Authors: Mateos Morfín Rebeca ,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC, Flores Aguirre Carlos ,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC
Published: August 2024

Se evaluó la relación que guarda el grado de especificidad de los criterios de ajuste sobre el desempeño de estudiantes universitarios en tareas de identificación y elaboración. Se formaron tres grupos que se distinguieron por el grado de explicitación de los criterios: específicos (CE), no específicos (NE) y sin criterios (SC). Después de la lectura de 5 textos, se les solicitó a los participantes resolvieran la Prueba de Ajuste a Criterio (PAC), que consistió en la presentación de una serie de preguntas en dos modalidades de tarea: identificación y elaboración. El mejor desempeño se encontró en el Grupo CE y el peor en el Grupo SC, aunque de manera general se observó que para los tres grupos el desempeño en las tareas de identificación fue más elevado que en las de elaboración. Los resultados destacan la importancia de la explicitación y/o especificación del criterio de ajuste para un desempeño variado y efectivo, se discute sobre la modalidad de las situaciones o tareas de evaluación y la complejidad funcional.
Um procedimiento para investigar o que controla respostas verbais diante de um comportamento observado
Authors: Melo Golfeto Raquel ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Pie Abib Andery Maria Amalia ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
Published: August 2024

Descrever/explicarum evento pode ser considerado tato. Descrições/explicações internalistas de respostas observados podem ser tatos: seriam respostas verbais sob controle de relações inferidas pelo tateador, nas quais variáveis supostamente ocorrendo dentro do organismo controlariam as respostas observadas. O presente estudo pretendeu verificar se explicações internalistas ou extemalistas de comportamentos observados seriam diferencialmente evocadas quando a estimulação antecedente às respostas observadas tivesse certas características, manipuladas experimentalmente. Participaram seis adultos que observavam dois filmes de curta duração. Em cada um deles um personagem clicava um mouse diante de uma tela de computador, produzindo pontos sob controle de esquemas de reforçamento distintos: quando a resposta de clicar era mantida porum esquema múltiplo VR4/ DRL10s, mudanças na tela do computador sinalizavam o componente; quando o esquema em vigor era um misto VR4/ DRL10s, não havia mudanças na tela nas trocas de componentes. Os participantes foram instruídos a observar os filmes (que mostravam o personagem clicando e a tela do computador) e explicar o comportamento de clicar o mouse dos dois personagens. As explicações formuladas foram classificadas e agrupadas como explicações 'internalistas', ou 'externalistas' , ou 'explicações do comportamento do próprio observador'. Os resultados evidenciaram que a última categoria foi a mais frequente, seguida igualmente por explicações internalistas e extemalistas. Os resultados mostraram que variáveis ambientais, como a presença ou ausência de estímulos consistentemente pareados com mudanças o desempenho dos personagens não fôram necessariamente as variáveis mais relevantes para evocar certo verbalizações externalistas ou intemalistas. No entanto, a recorrência de certas respostas verbais, como respostas que descreviam os comportamentos do próprio observador indicam que algumas variáveis ambientais evocaram-nas consistentemente. Possivelmente as relações de controle sobre as respostas verbais variaram porque as histórias pessoais conduzem à diversidade. Similarmente, certas relações mantiveram-se entre os participantes (e.g. a alta incidência de descrições do comportamento verbal do observador) porque essas relações podem ter sido estabelecidas generalizadamente pela comunidade verbal. Se a comunidade verbal prepara seus membros para se comportar verbalmente diante de eventos que ocorrem ao seu redor de maneiras razoavelmente ordenadas, a manipulação desses eventos pode ser um caminho para a identificação desses comportamentos e das práticas sociais que os produzem e mantêm.
Linguagem e Conhecimento em B. F. Skinner e J. L. Austin
Authors: Endemann Peter ,   Universidade Federal de Pará, Zagury Tourinho Emmanuel ,   Universidade Federal de Pará
Published: August 2024

Os problemas do conhecimento humanoe sua relação com a linguagem, objetos clássicos da análise filosófica, receberam no final do século XIX e ao longo do século XX um tratamento original no pensamento moderno, com a chamada virada Iingüistica também designada de giro Iingüistico (ou giro Iingüísticoprágmatico, a partir de meados do século XX), que destacava as dimensões lingüísticas dos problemas aos quais a reflexão epistemológica então se voltava. A linguagem assumiu, então, um papel primordial nas elaborações dos filósofos, cientistas etc. Esta virada constituiu o contexto teórico do presente trabalho, que teve por objetivo analisar as concepções de B. F. Skinner e J. L Austin acerca do conhecimento humano, especificando: a) os conceitos e principios envolvidos; b) a articulação com aquestão da linguagem; e c) as condições de aproximação e distanciamento entre as elaborações dos referidos autores. Para isso o trabalho foi orientado por dois conjuntos de referências conceituais. O primeiro constituído pelo behaviorismo radical de B. F. Skinner, o segundo pela filosofia analítica, a partir de L. Wittgenstein e da análise da linguagem ordinária encontrada na teoria dos atos de fala de Austin. Um primeiro aspecto discutido ao longo do trabalho refere-se à aproximação de Skinner e Austin a uma tradição antirepresentacionista em filosofia. A partir desta aproximação são discutidas a relação linguagem e realidade, a problemática do conhecer e a relação entre sujeito e objeto do conhecimento, tomando-se como referência a oposição (de Skinner e Austin) à teoria da cópia.
Exploring Feminist Resistance: Women's Discontent in Siham Benchekroun’s Oser Vivre
Authors: Zineb BENJELLOUN  , Ilham EL MAJDOUBI
Published: August 2024

Moroccan women's writings offer a multifaceted portrayal of the female experience within society. The works in question employ a variety of genres, including autobiographies and fiction, to provide a nuanced exploration of identities, livelihoods, and the female experience. Among these writers, Siham Benchekroun stands out for her distinctive style, which exudes a sense of empowerment. Her novel Oser Vivre transcends temporal and spatial boundaries, embodying the resilience of Moroccan women. This paper examines how Benchekroun seeks to dismantle patriarchal oppression. Using qualitative literary analysis, the study dissects her fiction, with a focus on the representation of women's issues, including marriage, body image, divorce, and child labor. Close textual and intersectional analysis, coupled with thematic categorization, is employed to scrutinize the corpus through the lens of Fatima Mernissi's feminist critique, Judith Butler's gender performativity, Pierre Bourdieu's symbolic violence, and Laura Mulvey's male gaze trope. The results show that Benchekroun depicts a variety of women's acts of resistance, with a particular emphasis on self-liberation. Her novel demonstrates the interconnectedness of gender with social class, religion, and culture, and how internalized social norms perpetuate oppression.