bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industrial or Traditional Bamboo Construction? Comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Bamboo-Based Buildings
Authors: Zea Escamilla Edwin , Habert Guillaume , Correal Daza Juan Francisco , Archilla Hector F. , Echeverry Fernández Juan Sebastian , Trujillo David
Published: August 2018

The past five decades have witnessed an unprecedented growth in population. This has led to an ever-growing housing demand. It has been proposed that the use of bio-based materials, and specifically bamboo, can help alleviate the housing demand in a sustainable manner. The present paper aims to assess the environmental impact caused by using four different construction materials (bamboo, brick, concrete hollow block, and engineered bamboo) in buildings. A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to measure the environmental impact of the different construction materials in the construction of single and multi-storey buildings. The LCA considered the extraction, production, transport, and use of the construction materials. The IPCC2013 evaluation method from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC2013 was used for the calculations of CO2 emissions. The assessment was geographically located in Colombia, South America, and estimates the transport distances of the construction materials. The results show that transportation and reinforcing materials significantly contribute to the environmental impact, whereas the engineered bamboo construction system has the lowest environmental impact. The adoption of bamboo-based construction systems has a significant potential to support the regenerative development of regions where they could be used and might lead to long-lasting improvements to economies, environments, and livelihoods.
Material Structure and Mechanical Properties of Silicon Nitride and Silicon Oxynitride Thin Films Deposited by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Gan Zhenghao , Wang Changzheng , Chen Zhong
Published: August 2018

Silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride thin films are widely used in microelectronic fabrication and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Their mechanical properties are important for MEMS structures; however, these properties are rarely reported, particularly the fracture toughness of these films. In this study, silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride thin films were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) under different silane flow rates. The silicon nitride films consisted of mixed amorphous and crystalline Si3N4 phases under the range of silane flow rates investigated in the current study, while the crystallinity increased with silane flow rate in the silicon oxynitride films. The Young’s modulus and hardness of silicon nitride films decreased with increasing silane flow rate. However, for silicon oxynitride films, Young’s modulus decreased slightly with increasing silane flow rate, and the hardness increased considerably due to the formation of a crystalline silicon nitride phase at the high flow rate. Overall, the hardness, Young modulus, and fracture toughness of the silicon nitride films were greater than the ones of silicon oxynitride films, and the main reason lies with the phase composition: the SiNx films were composed of a crystalline Si3N4 phase, while the SiOxNy films were dominated by amorphous Si–O phases. Based on the overall mechanical properties, PECVD silicon nitride films are preferred for structural applications in MEMS devices.
Transcriptome Analysis and In Situ Hybridization for FcaGHV1 in Feline Lymphoma
Authors: Aghazadeh Mahdis , Shi Mang , Pesavento Patricia A. , Durham Amy C. , Polley Tamsen , Donahoe Shannon L. , Troyer Ryan M. , Barrs Vanessa R. , Holmes Edward C. , Beatty Julia A.
Published: August 2018

Lymphoma is one of the most common malignancies in domestic cats. The lymphomagenic potential of Felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (FcaGHV1), a common infection in domestic cats, is unknown. In other species, including humans, cellular transformation by gammaherpesviruses is typically mediated by viral genes expressed during latency. We analysed tumour RNA, from diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) appearing in cats coinfected with FcaGHV1 and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) (n = 10), by high throughput transcriptome sequencing and reverse transcription PCR. A limited repertoire of FcaGHV transcripts was identified in five tumors, including homologs of oncogenic latency-associated transcripts, latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA, ORF73) and vFLIP (F7), lytic genes (ORF50, ORF6, ORF59, F10), and an ORF unique to FcaGHV1, F20. In situ hybridization of FIV-associated DLBCLs (n = 9), post-transplant lymphomas (n = 6) and high-grade B and T-cell intestinal lymphomas (n = 8) identified a single case in which FcaGHV1 nucleic acid was detectable. These results demonstrate that FcaGHV1 transcripts can be detected in some FIV-associated lymphomas, but at low copy number, precluding assessment of a potential role for FcaGHV1 in lymphomagenesis. Future investigation of the FcaGHV1 transcriptome in clinical samples might employ viral enrichment and greater sequencing depth to enhance the retrieval of viral reads. Our results suggest prioritization of a subset of intestinal T-cell tumors, large granular lymphocyte lymphoma, for study.
S1 Subunit of Spike Protein from a Current Highly Virulent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Is an Important Determinant of Virulence in Piglets
Authors: Suzuki Tohru , Terada Yutaka , Enjuanes Luis , Ohashi Seiichi , Kamitani Wataru
Published: August 2018

Base on the sequence of S genes, which encode spike proteins, we previously identified three different types (North American, S INDEL, and S large-DEL types) of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) that have re-emerged in Japan since 2013. Based on experimental infections with the North American and S large-DEL types, we also hypothesized that PEDV virulence may be linked to the S1 subunit of the S protein. To test this hypothesis, we have now assayed in gnotobiotic piglets various recombinant PEDVs generated by reverse genetics. Piglets inoculated with CV777 maintained in National Institute of Animal Health, along with piglets infected with a recombinant form of the same virus, developed subclinical to mild diarrhea. In contrast, severe watery diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss, astasia, and high mortality were observed in piglets inoculated with recombinant strains in which the S gene was partially or fully replaced with corresponding sequences from the highly virulent Japanese PEDV isolate OKN-1/JPN/2013. Indeed, symptoms resembled those in piglets inoculated with the OKN-1/JPN/2013, and were especially pronounced in younger piglets. Collectively, the data demonstrate that the S1 subunit of the S protein is an important determinant of PEDV virulence, and advance development of new vaccine candidate.
Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Membrane Bioreactor: Novel Processes and Their Major Drawbacks
Authors: Abdulsalam Mohammed , Che Man Hasfalina , Isma Idris Aida , Faezah Yunos Khairul , Zainal Abidin Zurina
Published: August 2018

Over the years, different types of alternative technologies have been developed and used for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. Specifically, membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been employed to relegate pollutants contained in POME under different operating conditions, and the technology was found to be promising. The major challenge impeding the wider application of this technology is membrane fouling, which usually attracts high operating energy and running cost. In this regard, novel methods of mitigating membrane fouling through the treatment processes have been developed. Therefore, this review article specifically focuses on the recent treatment processes of POME using MBR, with particular emphasis on innovative processes conditions such as aerobic, anaerobic, and hybrid processing as well as their performance in relation to fouling minimization. Furthermore, the effects of sonication and thermophilic and mesophilic conditions on membrane blockage were critically reviewed. The types of foulants and fouling mechanism as influenced by different operating conditions were also analyzed censoriously.
The role of Chlamydia trachomatis in the pathogenesis of female reproductive organs cancers
Authors: Ajonuma Louis C , Nathaniel Kehinde Segun , Bamiro Adebisi Saka , Makanjuola Samira Lobo
Published: August 2018

Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is an intracellular obligate bacterium. It is the most common cause of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) amongst a spectrum of diseases. Chlamydia infection is of a major public health concern especially in developing countries. It is estimated that about 600 million people are infected worldwide annually yet its roles in the pathogenesis of gynecological cancers are poorly understood and has not been fully elucidated. An understanding of the mechanisms underlying cancer development following PID due to C. trachomatis will be essential in prevention and providing more rational treatments. This review discusses the mechanisms and sequence of events linking Chlamydial infections to carcinogenesis in the female reproductive organs. Possible links between C. trachomatis infection and cancer development in the female reproductive organs are proposed. C. trachomatis infection as a co factor is also re-examined in light of these possible mechanisms.
THE STRATEGIC PROCESS OF DEVELOPING SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH THE VISION REFLECTION IN BUSINESS EDUCATION
Authors: Peterlin Judita , Dimovski Vlado , Tvaronavičienė Manuela , Grah Barbara , Kaklauskas Arturas
Published: August 2018

Empowering students in the higher education environment as a challenging pedagogical trend represents one of the key social aspects of sustainability. In this article we discuss the students’ visions, their future development preferences and focus on the study and further achievements of the business students by analyzing the content of students’ self-reflected dialogues. The traditional pedagogical approach is upgraded through the introduction of the conceptual model – The strategic process of developing social aspects of sustainability through business education. It emphasizes vision development, gender issues awareness, work-life balance, widening horizons and nurturing proactiveness, and aims to highlight the importance of attitude-related content besides knowledge-related content. We advise the pedagogues to encourage personal development of their students in order to be able to identify different developmental types and individualize the study process, accordingly. The paper also provides practical implications for the incorporation into the syllabuses of the business school programs. Based on the analysis of up-to-date affective tutoring systems, authors’ long-term experience and in order to determine most efficient versions of business education the Affective Tutoring System for Business Education (ARTSY) was developed.
WEIRD: Wide-orbit Exoplanet Search with InfraRed Direct Imaging
Authors: Baron Frédérique , Artigau Étienne , Rameau Julien , Lafrenière David , Gagné Jonathan , Malo Lison , Albert Loïc , Naud Marie-Eve , Doyon René , Janson Markus , Delorme Philippe , Beichman Charles
Published: August 2018

We report results from the Wide-orbit Exoplanet search with InfraRed Direct imaging, or WEIRD, a survey designed to search for Jupiter-like companions on very wide orbits (1000–5000 au) around young stars (<120 Myr) that are known members of moving groups in the solar neighborhood (<70 pc). Companions that share the same age, distance, and metallicity as their host while being on large enough orbits to be studied as “isolated” objects make prime targets for spectroscopic observations, and they are valuable benchmark objects for exoplanet atmosphere models. The search strategy is based on deep imaging in multiple bands across the near-infrared domain. For all 177 objects of our sample,

, J, [3.6], and [4.5] images were obtained with CFHT/MegaCam, GEMINI/GMOS, CFHT/WIRCam, GEMINI/Flamingos-2, and Spitzer/IRAC. Using this set of four images per target, we searched for sources with red

and [3.6]–[4.5] colors, typically reaching good completeness down to 2 

companions, while going down to 1 

for some targets, at separations of 1000–5000 au. The search yielded four candidate companions with the expected colors, but they were all rejected through follow-up proper motion observations. Our results constrain the occurrence of 1–13 

planetary-mass companions on orbits with a semimajor axis between 1000 and 5000 au at less than 0.03, with a 95% confidence level.
MOA-2015-BLG-337: A Planetary System with a Low-mass Brown Dwarf/Planetary Boundary Host, or a Brown Dwarf Binary
Authors: Miyazaki S. , Sumi T. , Bennett D. P. , Gould A. , Udalski A. , Bond I. A. , Koshimoto N. , Nagakane M. , Rattenbury N. , Abe F. , Bhattacharya A. , Barry R. , Donachie M. , Fukui A. , Hirao Y. , Itow Y. , Kawasaki K. , Li M. C. A. , Ling C. H. , Matsubara Y. , Matsuo T. , Muraki Y. , Ohnishi K. , Ranc C. , Saito T. , Sharan A. , Shibai H. , Suematsu H. , Suzuki D. , Sullivan D. J. , Tristram P. J. , Yamada T. , Yonehara A. ,   (MOA collaboration), KozŁowski S. , Mróz P. , Pawlak M. , Poleski R. , Pietrukowicz P. , Skowron J. , Soszyński I. , Szymański M. K. , Ulaczyk K. ,   (OGLE collaboration), Albrow M. D. , Chung S.-J. , Han C. , Jung Y. K. , Hwang K.-H. , Ryu Y.-H. , Shin I.-G. , Shvartzvald Y. , Yee J. C. , Zang W. , Zhu W. , Cha S.-M. , Kim D.-J. , Kim H.-W. , Kim S.-L. , Lee C.-U. , Lee D.-J. , Lee Y. , Park B.-G. , Pogge R. W. ,   (KMTNet collaboration)
Published: August 2018

We report on the discovery and analysis of the short-timescale binary-lens microlensing event, MOA-2015-BLG-337. The lens system could be a planetary system with a very low-mass host, around the brown dwarf (BD)/planetary-mass boundary, or a BD binary. We found two competing models that explain the observed light curves with companion/host mass ratios of q ∼ 0.01 and ∼0.17, respectively. A significant finite source effect in the best-fit planetary model (q ∼ 0.01) reveals a small angular Einstein radius of θ
E ≃ 0.03 mas, which favors a low-mass lens. We obtain the posterior probability distribution of the lens properties from a Bayesian analysis. The results for the planetary models strongly depend on a power-law index in planetary-mass regime, α
pl, in the assumed mass function. In summary, there are two solutions of the lens system: (1) a BD/planetary-mass boundary object orbited by a super-Neptune (the planetary model with α
pl = 0.49) and (2) a BD binary (the binary model). If the planetary models are correct, this system can be one of a new class of planetary system, having a low host mass and also a planetary-mass ratio (q < 0.03) between the companion and its host. The discovery of the event is important for the study of planetary formation in very low-mass objects. In addition, it is important to consider all viable solutions in these kinds of ambiguous events in order for the future comprehensive statistical analyses of planetary/binary microlensing events.
Secular Evolution Driven by Massive Eccentric Disks/Rings: An Apsidally Aligned Case
Authors: Davydenkova Irina , Rafikov Roman R.
Published: August 2018

Massive eccentric disks (gaseous or particulate) orbiting a dominant central mass appear in many astrophysical systems, including planetary rings, protoplanetary and accretion disks in binaries, and nuclear stellar disks around supermassive black holes in galactic centers. We present an analytical framework for treating the nearly Keplerian secular dynamics of test particles driven by the gravity of an eccentric, apsidally aligned, zero-thickness disk with arbitrary surface density and eccentricity profiles. We derive a disturbing function describing the secular evolution of coplanar objects, which is explicitly related (via one-dimensional, convergent integrals) to the disk surface density and eccentricity profiles without using any ad hoc softening of the potential. Our analytical framework is verified via direct orbit integrations, which show it to be accurate in the low-eccentricity limit for a variety of disk models (for disk eccentricity ≲0.1–0.2). We find that free precession in the potential of a disk with a smooth surface density distribution can naturally change from prograde to retrograde within the disk. Sharp disk features—edges and gaps—are the locations where this tendency is naturally enhanced, while the precession becomes very fast. Radii where free precession changes sign are the locations where substantial (formally singular) growth of the forced eccentricity of the orbiting objects occurs. Based on our results, we formulate a self-consistent analytical framework for computing an eccentricity profile for an aligned, eccentric disk (with a prescribed surface density profile) capable of precessing as a solid body under its own self-gravity.
The Proper Motion Field of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Kinematic Evidence for Its Tidal Disruption
Authors: Zivick Paul , Kallivayalil Nitya , van der Marel Roeland P. , Besla Gurtina , Linden Sean T. , Kozłowski Szymon , Fritz Tobias K. , Kochanek C. S. , Anderson J. , Sohn Sangmo Tony , Geha Marla C. , Alcock Charles R.
Published: August 2018

We present a new measurement of the systemic proper motion of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), based on an expanded set of 30 fields containing background quasars and spanning a ∼3 year baseline, using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3. Combining this data with our previous five HST fields, and an additional eight measurements from the Gaia-Tycho Astrometric Solution Catalog, brings us to a total of 43 SMC fields. We measure a systemic motion of μ

W
 = −0.82 ± 0.02 (random) ± 0.10 (systematic) mas yr−1 and μ

N
 = −1.21 ± 0.01 (random) ± 0.03 (systematic) mas yr−1. After subtraction of the systemic motion, we find little evidence for rotation, but find an ordered mean motion radially away from the SMC in the outer regions of the galaxy, indicating that the SMC is in the process of tidal disruption. We model the past interactions of the Clouds with each other based on the measured present-day relative velocity between them of 103 ± 26 km s−1. We find that in 97% of our considered cases, the Clouds experienced a direct collision 147 ± 33 Myr ago, with a mean impact parameter of 7.5 ± 2.5 kpc.
Filamentary Structures and Star Formation Activity in the Sites S234, V582, and IRAS 05231+3512
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Baug T. , Ojha D. K. , Zinchenko I. , Luna A.
Published: August 2018

To investigate ongoing physical processes, we present the results of observations of the sites S234, V582, and IRAS 05231+3512 situated toward l = 171.°7–174.°1. Based on the CO line data, we find that these sites are not physically connected, and contain at least one filament (with length >7 pc). The observed line masses (M
line,obs) of the filaments associated with V582 and IRAS 05231+3512 are ∼37 and ∼28 M
⊙ pc−1, respectively. These filaments are characterized as thermally supercritical, and harbor several clumps. Groups of infrared-excess sources and massive B-type stars are observed toward the filament containing V582, while very little star formation (SF) activity is found around IRAS 05231+3512. Our results favor a radial collapse scenario in the filaments harboring V582 and IRAS 05231+3512. In the site S234, two filaments (i.e., ns1 (M
line,obs ∼ 130 M
⊙ pc−1) and ns2 (M
line,obs ∼ 45 M
⊙ pc−1)) are identified as thermally supercritical. An extended temperature structure at 27–30 K surrounds the relatively cold (∼19 K) ∼8.9 pc long filament ns1. At least four condensations (M
clump ∼ 70–300 M
⊙) are seen in ns1, and are devoid of 610 MHz radio emission as observed by the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The filament ns2 hosting clumps is devoid of ongoing SF, and could be at an early stage of fragmentation. Intense SF activity, with an SF efficiency ∼3.3% and SF rate ∼40–20 M
⊙ Myr−1 (for t
sf ∼ 1–2 Myr), is observed in ns1. The feedback of massive stars in S234 seems to explain the observed SF in the filament ns1.
Ring Galaxies Through Off-center Minor Collisions by Tuning Bulge-to-disk Mass Ratio of Progenitors
Authors: Chen Guangwen , Wu Xufen , Kong Xu , Liu Wen-Juan , Zhao HongSheng
Published: August 2018

Collisional ring galaxies (CRGs) are formed through off-center collisions between a target galaxy and an intruder dwarf galaxy. We study the mass distribution and kinematics of CRGs by tuning the bulge-to-disk mass ratio (B/D) for the progenitor; i.e., the target galaxy. We find that the lifetime of the ring correlates with the initial impact velocity vertical to the disk plane (i.e., v

z0). Three orbits for the collisional galaxy pair, on which clear and asymmetric rings form after collisions, are selected to perform the N-body simulations at different values of B/D for the progenitor. It is found that the ring structures are the strongest for CRGs with small values of B/D. The Sérsic index, n, of the central remnant in the target galaxy becomes larger after collision. Moreover, the Sérsic index of a central remnant strongly correlates with the initial value of B/D for the progenitor. A bulge-less progenitor results in a late-type object in the center of the ring galaxy, whereas a bulge-dominated progenitor leads to an early-type central remnant. Progenitors with B/D ∈ [0.1, 0.3] (i.e., minor bulges) leave central remnants with n ≈ 4. These results provide a possible explanation for the formation of a recently observed CRG with an early-type central nucleus, SDSS J1634+2049. In addition, we find that the radial and azimuthal velocity profiles for a ring galaxy are more sensitive to the B/D than the initial relative velocity of the progenitor.
Unraveling the Spectral Energy Distributions of Clustered YSOs
Authors: Martínez-Galarza J. Rafael , Protopapas Pavlos , Smith Howard A. , Morales Esteban F. E.
Published: August 2018

Despite significant evidence suggesting that intermediate- and high-mass stars form in clustered environments, how stars form when the available resources are shared is still not well understood. A related question is whether the initial mass function (IMF) is in fact universal across galactic environments, or whether it is an average of IMFs that differ, for example, in massive versus low-mass molecular clouds. One of the long-standing problems in resolving these questions and in the study of young clusters is observational: how to accurately combine multiwavelength data sets obtained using telescopes with different spatial resolutions. The resulting confusion hinders our ability to fully characterize clustered star formation. Here we present a new method that uses Bayesian inference to fit the blended spectral energy distributions and images of individual young stellar objects (YSOs) in confused clusters. We apply this method to the infrared photometry of a sample comprising 70 Spitzer-selected, low-mass (M
cl < 100 M
⊙) young clusters in the galactic plane, and we use the derived physical parameters to investigate how the distribution of YSO masses within each cluster relates to the total mass of the cluster. We find that for low-mass clusters this distribution is indistinguishable from a randomly sampled Kroupa IMF for this range of cluster masses. Therefore, any effects of self-regulated star formation that affect the IMF sampling are likely to play a role only at larger cluster masses. Our results are also compatible with smoothed particle hydrodynamics models that predict a dynamical termination of the accretion in protostars, with massive stars undergoing this stopping at later times in their evolution.
Optical Emission and Particle Acceleration in a Quasi-stationary Component in the Jet of OJ 287
Authors: Sasada Mahito , Jorstad Svetlana , Marscher Alan P. , Bala Vishal , Joshi Manasvita , MacDonald Nicholas R. , Malmrose Michael P. , Larionov Valeri M. , Morozova Daria A. , Troitsky Ivan S. , Agudo Iván , Casadio Carolina , Gómez José L. , Molina Sol N. , Itoh Ryosuke
Published: August 2018

We analyze the linear polarization of the relativistic jet in BL Lacertae object OJ 287 as revealed by multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Array images at 43 GHz and monitoring observations at optical bands. The electric-vector position angle of the optical polarization matches that at 43 GHz at locations that are often in the compact millimeter-wave “core” or, at other epochs, coincident with a bright, quasi-stationary emission feature ∼0.2 mas (∼0.9 pc projected on the sky) downstream from the core. This implies that electrons with high enough energies to emit optical synchrotron and γ-ray inverse Compton radiation are accelerated both in the core and at the downstream feature, the latter of which lies ≥10 pc from the central engine. The polarization vector in the stationary feature is nearly parallel to the jet axis, as expected for a conical standing shock capable of accelerating electrons to GeV energies.
IR Spectroscopy of Fullerene Ions in a Cryogenic Quadrupole Trap
Authors: Gerlich Dieter , Jašík Juraj , Strelnikov Dmitry V. , Roithová Jana
Published: August 2018

This paper reports gas-phase IR spectra of

(n = 1–3) ions in the range from 1100 to 1600 cm−1. The spectra were recorded with a temperature-variable radio frequency ion trap instrument. The experiments work with mass-selected ions confined in a linear wire quadrupole, where they form helium-tagged complexes following exposure to low-temperature (as low as 2.3 K) and high-density helium buffer gas. All measured lines are homogeneously broadened owing to a strong coupling between the vibrational states of the fullerene cage. The short lifetimes of picoseconds or below rule out measurements of high-resolution IR spectra. Reproducible sidebands with distances between 5 and 20 cm−1 enrich the spectra. Tentative explanations are based on nonlinear and symmetry-breaking interactions or may be due to the influence of the attached He atom. Comparison of the

spectrum with that of

reveals shifts up to 6 cm−1, while the IR spectra of

and

are very similar. With the harmonic potential of the trap the ions are squeezed into the rather narrow laser beam, increasing the sensitivity and simplifying the determination of absolute photoabsorption cross sections. Disregarding shifts of several cm−1, the gas-phase results for

and

are in agreement with previous matrix results and with theoretical predictions. The astrophysical relevance of our results is briefly mentioned.
New chrysilline and aelurilline jumping spiders from Pakistan (Araneae, Salticidae)
Authors: Ali Pir Asmat , Maddison Wayne P. , Zahid Muhammad , Butt Abida
Published: August 2018

EpocillapakhtunkhwaAli & Maddison,sp. n.andStenaelurillusmardanicusAli & Maddison,sp. n.are described from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. Noted for the first time is the presence inEpocillaof a small bump just anterior to the fovea of the carapace, of unknown functional significance, otherwise known in the unrelatedOpisthoncusL. Koch, 1880 andCocalusPocock, 1897. In addition, the female ofMenemerusnigliWesołowska & Freudenschuss, 2012 is described for the first time.
The Positive Predictive Value of Smartphone Photoscreening in Pediatric Practices
Authors: Arnold Robert W. , Arnold Andrew W. , Hunt-Smith Taryn T. , Grendahl Robin L. , Winkle R. Kevin
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

To compare smartphone photoscreening with other commercial objective screeners for amblyopia screening for young children.

Methods:

Ten pediatricians in four practices employed Nokia 1020 smartphones (Espoo, Finland) with single-axis Gobiquity software (Scottsdale, AZ) during well-child visits. Outcomes of confirmatory pediatric ophthalmology examinations were prospectively compared using American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus uniform standards.

Results:

Five percent of 6,310 in-office screenings were referred: 25% for high anisometropia, 31% for hyperopia, and 15% for myopia. The positive predictive value (PPV) in 217 follow-up examinations was 68% (95% confidence interval: 62% to 74%) by 2013 age-stratified standards and 77% (confidence interval: 71% to 83%) by 2003 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus standards. The follow-up rate was 65%.

Conclusions:

Smartphone photoscreening had PPV comparable with other commercial objective screeners. Simple, valid photoscreeners should help pediatricians achieve widespread compliance with screening guidelines to reduce the burden of pediatric amblyopia vision impairment.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(6):393–396.]
Treatment of Ligneous Conjunctivitis Using Topical Plasminogen Therapy in an 8-Week-Old Female Infant
Authors: Shamim Muhammad Musab , Weissman Heather Monitz , Al-Mohtaseb Zaina Nabil
Published: August 2018

An 8-week-old female infant presented with bilateral eyelid swelling and conjunctival membranes. She was diagnosed as having ligneous conjunctivitis. The membranes were excised but recurred despite topical cyclosporine, heparin, fresh frozen plasma, and systemic fresh frozen plasma transfusions. Topical plasminogen prevented membrane recurrence and intravenous plasminogen therapy treated systemic manifestations of the disease.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55:e30–e32.]
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents Cultivating: Systematic Implementation Path of “Knowledge Interface and Ability Matching”
Authors: Xin Liu , Le He
Published: August 2018

Systematic matching failure problems have emerged in the very process of integrating innovative and entrepreneurial ability cultivation into college teaching system. These problems included, firstly, innovative and entrepreneurial education mismatch with professional education and disconnect with practice. Secondly, educators’ inadequate awareness and single teaching method results in weak pertinence and effectiveness of innovative and entrepreneurial education. The lack of practice platform and insufficient guidance and support can be the final one. Concentrating on those problems above, concrete methods of integrating and promoting teaching elements and knowledge resource systems can be explored from the perspective of the combination of dynamic programming and knowledge software interface. An optimized achievable path of achieving training objectives in a teaching system can be analyzed through a dynamic programming method. Five specific implementation methods including comprehensive utilization, dynamic supplement, innovative development, resource transmission, and usage services can be proposed further. The implementation effects indicate that the positive incentive response between the innovative ability and entrepreneurial strength of college students has been formed. The steady and orderly promotion of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship abilities has been praised by all parties.
An English-language Multimedia Teaching Model Based on Krashen’s Theory
Authors: Yuan Fang
Published: August 2018

Traditional English teaching practice often centers on the teacher and implements the teaching mode of “exemplifying by the teacher-answering by students-evaluating by the teacher”. This inflexible teaching mode fails to fully exert student’s subjective function; at the same time, due to the lack of necessary guidance and help from teachers, students are more likely to suffer from learning burnout and low self-confidence. With this regard, an English multimedia teaching mode was proposed in this study based on Krashen’s “Language Input Theory”. The theory is characterized by emphasizing the analysis of English language learning from the perspectives of “acquisition” and “learning”, advocating “understanding” of knowledge and using student-centered teaching methods. In this study, Krashen’s theory was combined with interactive learning methods and multimedia information technology to form an English teaching mode focused on “teacher-student”, “student-student” and “student-computer” interactions and build an “in class- after class” and “online-offline” English learning environment. This mode was practically applied in the teaching of “College English” at Hohai University in Jiangsu Province, China. The results show that the English multimedia teaching mode based on Krashen’s theory is more effective than the traditional teaching mode in improving students’ interest and self-confidence in learning.
A Teaching Mode for Art Anatomy Based on Digital Virtual Technology
Authors: Wang Na
Published: August 2018

Art anatomy is a morphological science characterized with the use of many terms and descriptions that are difficult to remember. The traditional art anatomy teaching mode pays attention to explanation of theoretical knowledge in the classroom using simple teaching methods, so that the teaching is boring. Consequently, students have low interest in learning, which affects the quality of teaching. With this regard, an Art Anatomy teaching mode was proposed in this study based on digital virtual technology. It uses digital virtual technology to build 3D models and database of art anatomy teaching specimens. Due to the powerful modeling functions and production effect of 3DS MAX, MAYA software and VRML to render realistic scenes, the preservation and recording of the initial state of the anatomical specimens can save various types of data and spatial relationships of the specimens to the greatest extent. Based on the teaching practice in the course of “Art Anatomy” at Liaoning University of Science and Technology in Liaoning Province, China, the teaching mode proposed in this paper was found to be highly efficient, concrete and easy to understand, and students had a high degree of recognition for this teaching method. A new idea and method were thereby provided for the teaching reform of art anatomy.
Determining a Mobile Internet Acceptance Model of Special Education Teacher Candidates
Authors: Pastırmacıoglu Begum , Caliskan Semih , Ozcan Deniz , Uzunboylu Huseyin
Published: August 2018

This is the general aim study is to determine the mobile Internet acceptance model of special education teacher candidates. A quantitative method is employed in the study. The research is conducted during the spring semester of 2016–2017. The study group consists of teacher candidates studying at the Department of Special Education at the Faculty of Education. Total of 107 teacher candidates participated in the study. ‘Mobile Internet use scale’ was administered to the special education teacher candidates. Data collected via online survey. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS program. To analyze the data collected through mobile Internet use scale, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values, Kruskal–Wallis H-test and t-test were conducted. The results of the study reveal that the mobile Internet acceptance model of special education teacher candidates is positive.
Motivation of 14 Year-old Students using Tablets, compared to those using Textbooks and Workbooks
Authors: Mendez David , Mendez Miriam , Anguita Juana
Published: August 2018

Intrinsic motivation is important and it can be divided in different dimensions. The Self-Determination Theory is based on intrinsic motivation. The test based on this theory was given to 14-year old students from three different schools: one where students used tablets in the science class during the 2015-16 school year, and two schools where students used textbooks and workbooks for the same subject in the classroom and at home. The test measured three dimensions of intrinsic motivation: interest and satisfaction in connection with the tasks they perform, how they perceive their competence to use the necessary tools to study and the value of the tasks they perform. The results show that students using tablets are more motivated in the three dimensions measured by the test than those using the textbook.
Student Opinion Scale Related to Moodle LMS in an Online Learning Environment: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Yildiz Ezgi Pelin , Tezer Murat , Uzunboylu Huseyin
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a Student Opinion Scale Related to Moodle LMS (Learning Management System) in an Educational Online Learning Environment. For this purpose, a scale form consisting of 34 items was created and then administered to a total of 280 first-year students from various departments of the Near East University Health Services Vocational High School. Rotated principal component analysis was used to obtain information on the validity of the scale. The data was processed using the SPSS 23.0 software package and the results are given as arithmetic average and standard deviation. In this context, it has been determined that the related items for the scale are collected in 6 dimensions, which have been categorized by the researchers as: Proficiency and Motivation"; "Content and Feedback"; "Usability"; "Effectiveness"; "Educational Features" and “Communication". Additionally, the reliability coefficient calculated by Cronbach's alpha for the developed scale is .94. Based on the overall results of the study, student opinion has been found to be positive related to Moodle LMS in an Educational Online Learning Environment.
Reliability Analysis of the Internet of Things Based on Ordered Binary Decision Diagram
Authors: Wei Guan
Published: August 2018

The reliability of the Internet of Things (IoT) system is analyzed and studied through ordered binary decision diagram (OBDD) to improve its design, application, and development. Based on the OBDD analysis, a reliability evaluation method named as enhanced node expansion (ENE) is proposed. This method provides an effective solution for the reliability assessment of IoT with large scale and complex network structure. A link importance assessment method based on OBDD analysis is also established. The proposed method can accurately and effectively evaluate the reliability of the IoT network and is practical for discussing the reliability, design, and development of this system.
Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube/Graphite/Zinc Oxide Composite as Supercapacitor Electrode Material
Authors: Subagio Agus , Darari Alfin , Hakim Istajib Sulton , Priyono  , Pardoyo  , Subhan Achmad
Published: August 2018

A simple method has been developed to prepare carbon nanotube/graphite/zinc oxide (CNT/GT/ZnO) composite on SS foil substrate which was employed for supercapacitor electrode materials. The XRD study reveals the formation of CNT/GT/ZnO structure. Scanning electron microscopy characterizations reveal that the combination of CNT/GT and ZnO can increase the conductive property of material. The electrochemical performance of composite electrode was investigated using cyclic voltammetry measurements in 1 M KCl aqueous electrolyte. The CNT/GT/ZnO composite electrode shows the specific capacitance up to 6.99 Fg−1 in scan rate of 25 mVs-1 with an energy density of 152.9 Wh kg−1 in the potential range −0.5 V to 0.5 V.
Optimizing the Substrate Preheating Process of High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Cobalt-Based Alloy Coating on Alloyed and Carbon Steels Mechanical Properties
Authors: Mochtar Myrna Ariati , Putra Wahyuaji Narottama , Rachmansyah Raditya Perdana
Published: August 2018

Tube boiler operating condition initiates common problems that can occur as a problem in the wear resistance material. It leads to a decreased function of the material so that it is necessary to repair or replacement. High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) is regarded as one of the effective methods to increase the wear resistance of the material. In this study, the materials were ASTM SA213-T91 as a material commonly used for boiler tube and JIS G 3132 SPHT-2 as an alternative material. In the early stages, both of specimens were given initial surface heating with temperature variations 0, 50, 100 and 150oC. The materials were then coated with Stellite-1 using HVOF method. The material were then characterized for the microstructure, porosity, hardness distribution, and wear resistant. The results showed that the coating Stellite-1 as a top coat with HVOF method can improve the performance of the material. Microhardness increases from 220 HV to 770 HV on ASTM SA213-T91, while on the substrate JIS G 3132 SPHT-2 the microhardness increased from 120 HV to 750 HV. Better wear resistance was achieved with increasing preheating [1]. Wear resistance of the materials increased from the range 3.69x10-7at 0°C preheating up to 0.89x10-7on a specimen with initial surface heating 150oC. Porosity also decreases with the increasing preheating temperature.
Encapsulation of Mangosteen Extract in Virgin Coconut Oil Based Nanoemulsions: Preparation and Characterization for Topical Formulation
Authors: Mulia Kamarza , Putri Gitasha Afiyah , Krisanti Elsa
Published: August 2018

Nanoemulsions containing extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) rind has been developed and characterized as a topical formulation. The encapsulation of mangosteen extract in nanoemulsions is considered a promising strategy to utilize the available bioactive compounds, particularly α-mangostin. In this study, a high-speed homogenization method was used to produce nanoemulsions of virgin coconut oil as the oil phase, combined Tween 80 and Span 80 as the oil-in-water surfactant, and distilled water as the aqueous phase. The homogenizer speed, oil and surfactant composition, and, hydrophilic lipophilic balance values of the surfactants were varied in order to get stable nanoemulsions formulation. The most stable nanoemulsion was obtained using a homogenizer speed of 8000 rpm, oil to surfactant volume ratio of 1:1.4, and surfactant hydrophilic lipophilic balance value of 12. Nanoemulsion formulation with average droplet size of 181 nm, zeta potential of -30.9 mV, and 0.01% α-mangostin loading was stable for 28 days without phase separation. Based on the accelerated stability test, the nanoemulsion shelf life is estimated to reach one year. The present study revealed that the virgin coconut oil-based nanoemulsion is a promising carrier of mangosteen extract for topical formulation.
Utilization of Fly Ash and Nickel Slag PT - Antam as Material Subtitution for Concrete
Authors: Musnajam  , Astini Vita , Fachryano
Published: August 2018

The use of concrete for road and bridge work has long been used, and nearly 80% of the bridge elements made of concrete. In concrete, aggregates it self-occupies 70% to 75% of the volume of concrete, so the quality of aggregates influence on the properties of concrete. High demand for concrete also increases demand for aggregates. As a result of the increased demand for aggregates, exploration of natural materials would potentially harm the environment. In addition, as fuel prices increase, resulting in increasing prices of construction materials and other basic commodities. Because of that, many industries switched to using coal as an alternative fuel. PT. Antam as one of the nickel mining industry also used coal as an alternative fuel. The result of using coal as fuel is the production of residual waste coal that is fly ash. The nickel production also produces nickel slag as residual waste that contains very small amount of nickel and not economically to recovered. To reduce by-product of nickel mining industry, a research use of fly ash and nickel slag as a substitution material for concrete rigid pavement was investigated. The purpose of this research, to characterized the chemical and physical fly ash and nickel slag properties. The last step of this research is the analysis of the effects of the use fly ash and nickel slag on the compressive strength of concrete as the main indicator of the strength of concrete.
Non Treatment, T4 and T6 on Tensile Strength of Al-5.9Cu-1.9Mg Alloy Investigated by Variation of Casting Temperature
Authors: Akhyar Hasan , Iswanto Priyo Tri , Malau Viktor
Published: August 2018

In this experiment, the influence of non-treated (NT), natural aging (T4) and artificial aging (T6) heat-treatments was investigated on the tensile strength of Al-5.9Cu-1.9Mg at different casting temperatures. Three levels of casting temperatures were used: 688, 738, 788 °C while the mold temperature was kept constant at 220 °C. The cast sample was heat-treated by natural aging and artificial aging techniques. The results show that the tensile strength in the non-treated sample decreases initially and then rises slightly with increasing casting temperature. The effect of casting temperature on T4 involved first an increase in tensile strength and then a decrease when elevating the casting temperature, but with no significant effect. In the T6 treatment, the tensile strength first decreases followed by a slight increase with increasing casting temperature. The heat treatment process improved the tensile strength in the three different samples, except at a casting temperature of 768 °C.
The Transcription Factor Runx2 Is Required for Long-Term Persistence of Antiviral CD8+ Memory T Cells
Authors: Olesin Elizabeth , Nayar Ribhu , Saikumar-Lakshmi Priya , Berg Leslie J
Published: August 2018

During acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, pathogen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes undergo clonal expansion leading to viral clearance. Following this, the majority of pathogen-specific CD8+ T cells undergo apoptosis, leaving a small number of memory CD8+ T cells that persist long-term and provide rapid protection upon secondary infection. Whereas much is known about the cytokines and transcription factors that regulate the early effector phase of the antiviral CD8+ T cell response, the factors regulating memory T cell homeostasis and survival are not well understood. In this article, we show that the Runt-related transcription factor Runx2 is important for long-term memory CD8+ T cell persistence following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus–Armstrong infection in mice. Loss of Runx2 in T cells led to a reduction in KLRG1lo CD127hi memory precursor cell numbers with no effect on KLRG1hi CD127lo terminal effector cell populations. Runx2 expression levels were transcriptionally regulated by TCR signal strength via IRF4, TLR4/7, and selected cytokines. These data demonstrate a CD8+ T cell–intrinsic role for Runx2 in the long-term maintenance of antiviral memory CD8+ T cell populations.
Towards a Theoretically-Grounded Framework for Evaluating Immersive Business Models and Applications: Analysis of Ventures in Second Life
Authors: Kim Henry M. , Lyons Kelly , Cunningham Mary Ann
Published: August 2018

Second Life has emerged as the de facto virtual world for immersive business. However there is no de facto guideline or even corpus of knowledge about how to build an immersive business. We address this opportunity by presenting work that will lead to a theoretically-grounded evaluative framework for immersive business models and applications. We identify high profile examples from Second Life and analyze them using two theories that explain why a user may choose between ‘clicks,’ ‘bricks,’ or immersive: Rich Media Theory and Task Closure Theory. We then state propositions about characteristics of successful immersive business models and applications, and conduct an exploratory study of proposed Second Life business plans to identify and support the most appropriate propositions for future empirical enquiry. Finally, we conclude our study by positing the following characteristics of potentially successful immersive business models and applications: (a) feedback and interactions between users are not dissipated, (b) productive tasks can be started and closed within the virtual world, and (c) users are compelled to form a social presence, which is then leveraged.