bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Obese Patient: Facts, Fables, and Best Practices
Authors: Moon Tiffany S. , Van de Putte Peter , De Baerdemaeker Luc , Schumann Roman
Published: April 2020

The prevalence of obesity continues to rise worldwide, and anesthesiologists must be aware of current best practices in the perioperative management of the patient with obesity. Obesity alters anatomy and physiology, which complicates the evaluation and management of obese patients in the perioperative setting. Gastric point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) is a noninvasive tool that can be used to assess aspiration risk in the obese patient by evaluating the quantity and quality of gastric contents. An important perioperative goal is adequate end-organ perfusion. Standard noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) is our best available routine surrogate measurement, but is vulnerable to greater inaccuracy in patients with obesity compared to the nonobese population. Current NIBP methodologies are discussed. Obese patients are at risk for wound and surgical site infections, but few studies conclusively guide the exact dosing of intraoperative prophylactic antibiotics for them. We review evidence for low-molecular-weight heparins and weight-based versus nonweight-based administration of vasoactive medications. Finally, intubation and extubation of the patient with obesity can be complicated, and evidence-based strategies are discussed to mitigate danger during intubation and extubation.
In Pursuit of an Opioid-Free Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery Center: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Franz Amber M. , Martin Lynn D. , Liston David E. , Latham Gregory J. , Richards Michael J. , Low Daniel K.
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:

Opioids have been a central component of routine adult and pediatric anesthesia for decades. However, the long-term effects of perioperative opioids are concerning. Recent studies show a 4.8%–6.5% incidence of persistent opioid use after surgery in older children and adults. This means that >2 million of the 50 million patients undergoing elective surgeries in the United States each year are likely to develop persistent opioid use. With this in mind, anesthesiologists at Bellevue Clinic and Surgery Center assembled an interdisciplinary quality improvement team focused on 2 goals: (1) develop effective anesthesia protocols that minimize perioperative opioids and (2) add value to clinical services by maintaining or improving perioperative outcomes while reducing costs. This article describes our project and findings but does not attempt to make inferences or generalizations about populations outside our facility.

METHODS:

We performed a large-scale implementation of opioid-sparing protocols at our standalone pediatric clinic and ambulatory surgery facility, based in part on the prior success of our previously published tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy protocol. Multiple Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were performed using data captured from the electronic medical record. The percentage of surgical patients receiving intraoperative opioids and postoperative morphine preintervention and postintervention were compared. The following measures were evaluated using statistical process control charts: maximum postoperative pain score, postoperative morphine rescue rate, total postanesthesia care unit minutes, total anesthesia minutes, and postoperative nausea and vomiting rescue rate. Intraoperative analgesic costs were calculated.

RESULTS:

Between January 2017 and June 2019, 10,948 surgeries were performed at Bellevue, with 10,733 cases included in the analyses. Between December 2017 and June 2019, intraoperative opioid administration at our institution decreased from 84% to 8%, and postoperative morphine administration declined from 11% to 6% using analgesics such as dexmedetomidine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and regional anesthesia. Postoperative nausea and vomiting rescue rate decreased, while maximum postoperative pain scores, total anesthesia minutes, and total postanesthesia care unit minutes remained stable per control chart analyses. Costs improved.

CONCLUSIONS:

By utilizing dexmedetomidine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and regional anesthesia for pediatric ambulatory surgeries at our facility, perioperative opioids were minimized without compromising patient outcomes or value.
Geometric Modeling of Objects’ Thermal Characteristics by the Functional-Voxel Method
Authors: Plaksin A. , Pushkarev S.
Published: April 2020

In this paper the influence of objects’ thermal processes on their correspondence to a given geometry has been considered, and an alternative apparatus for geometric modeling of bodies’ temperature stress and thermal expansion after effect of a heat source, based on a functional-voxel approach, has been proposed as well. A discrete geometric model of temperature stress at a point of thermal loading in an isotropic heat-conducting body for a functional-voxel representation has been developed, allowing simulate a single action of a heat source to obtain local geometric characteristics of thermal stress in the body. This approach, unlike traditional approaches based on the FEM, allows apply the temperature load at the object’s point taken by itself. A discrete geometric model for expansion at the point of thermal loading in an isotropic heat-conducting body for a functional-voxel representation has been developed, which allows simulate the change of an object’s local geometric characteristics during the process of material expansion from a single effect of a heat source to obtain a value upon the body volume changing. This approach, unlike traditional approaches based on the FEM, allows simulate a change in the body’s surface geometry from thermal expansion at a point taken by itself without errors arising from calculations using a mesh. Have been proposed algorithms for functional-voxel modeling of temperature stress and expansion under distributed thermal loading. These algorithms allow construct a loading region of complex configuration based on the spatial distribution and scaling of the temperature stress’s geometric model for a single point of thermal loading, uniformly form a contour (surface) after material expansion, and obtain information about the change in products’ length (volume) based on information about each point of functional space. Has been presented an example of using the proposed approach for solving a processing tool’s correction problem based on the temperature in the cutting zone and material thermal reaction. The geometric model can be used to the automated design of a processing tool path for parts cutting on CNC machines.
La Asociación Catalana de Salud Laboral (@SCSL) ante el gran reto de la COVID-19
Authors: Purtí Elisabeth , Inglés Joan , De la Peña Leyre , Rodríguez Maria Cruz , Puiggenè Montserrat , Bernad Mª Carmen , Calvet Santiago , Orriols Rosa María , López Begoña , Martínez Encarna , Torres M. Carmen , Alonso Sonia , Ramada José M.
Published: April 2020

Con la llegada a España del SARS-CoV-2, el incremento exponencial de enfermos de COVID-19 y sus lamentables consecuencias para un número importante de personas, la @SCSL ha tenido que adaptarse a esta nueva situación. El virus se ha propagado en muchos hogares, en numerosas empresas y en todos los centros sanitarios, sociosanitarios y residenciales del país, llegando incluso a situarnos al borde del colapso asistencial. Esta nueva variable, en forma de riesgo biológico, llegó provocando en la población trabajadora un desequilibrio de la siempre compleja relación bidireccional entre el trabajo y la salud…
La salud de los trabajadores y la COVID-19
Authors: Benavides Fernando G.
Published: April 2020

La pandemia de la COVID-19 está afectando a toda la sociedad, y de manera especial a los trabajadores y a las empresas. Los ajustes de plantilla, algunos temporales, la reducción de horarios, el teletrabajo, son algunos de los cambios masivos que se están produciendo consecuencia directa de la pandemia. Cuánto quede de todo esto estará por ver…
Denegación de incapacidad versus ineptitud laboral
Authors: Deschamps Perdomo Ambar
Published: April 2020

El retorno al trabajo tras una baja médica prolongada comporta una valoración tanto de la capacidad laboral como de la aptitud para el trabajo. Nos encontramos con una trabajadora auxiliar administrativa con lesión congénita en cuerdas vocales, a quien se le deniega la incapacidad permanente total. Es valorada en el reconocimiento médico tras ausencia prolongada resultando apta con limitaciones. Tras la revisión de la evaluación de riesgos de su puesto y de todos los compatibles con su categoría profesional se procede a despido objetivo por ineptitud sobrevenida. La valoración de la capacidad/incapacidad laboral debe ser una valoración multidisciplinar, contemplando de forma integrada el diagnóstico, el tratamiento, la evolución, la perspectiva preventiva y la laboral.
Revision Sistemática y Metaanálisis de Técnicas que Previenen el Dolor Lumbar
Authors: Carey Paul , Seguí Crespo María del Mar
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo es un comentario del artículo: Steffens D, Maher CG, Pereira LSM, et al. Prevention of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(2):199–208. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.7431.
The Pattern of the Teaching of Multiculturalism-Based Civics Education: A Case Study at Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Nuryadi Muhammad Hendri , Zamroni Zamroni , Suharno Suharno
Published: April 2020

This research aims to reveal the pattern of the multiculturalism-based civics education at higher education institutions in Surakarta, Indonesia. It applied the descriptive qualitative method with the dual case study approach, conducted at State University of Sebelas Maret and Slamet Riyadi University in Surakarta. The data were collected through observation and interviews to find the answers to the research questions in the field. The data were analysed using the interactive technique, consisting of data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The result shows that the teaching of multiculturalism-based civics education at State University of Sebelas Maret and Slamet Riyadi University has almost the same pattern, that is media-assisted teaching pattern and is always conducted by considering the material integration dimension, knowledge construction dimension, prejudice minimization dimension, equal rights to education dimension, and the dimension of school culture empowerment and social structure from the planning stage to teaching implementation and evaluation stages. The research findings suggest that the students of universities in Surakarta should be able to implement the goal of the teaching of civics education in universities, and the lecturers should always improve the materials, content, method, and strategies of the teaching of multiculturalism-based civics education.
The Spanish Version of the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice (TEIP) Scale: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Cardona-Molto Maria C. , Ticha Renata , Abery Brian H.
Published: April 2020

The Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice (TEIP) scale is an instrument created by Sharma et al. to assess efficacy of instruction in inclusive settings. Despite its increase in use, the TEIP has not been validated with a Spanish teacher population. The aim of this study was to: (1) analyze the psychometric properties and factor structure of the TEIP scale in a sample of Spanish preservice teachers (N = 475; 80% female, 20% male), and (2) examine the level of self-efficacy for inclusive practices that teachers experience when they graduate from their training programs. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicate that a Spanish version (TEIP-ES) consisting of 15 items with a three-factor construct explains 61.34 percent of total variance. Item total-correlations ranged from .488 to .778, and factor loadings from .590 to .790. Convergent validity with measures of quality of teacher education (TE) programs and self-report of preparedness to teach in inclusive settings was good. In contrast, self-efficacy for inclusive practices was rated moderately low. Overall, these findings support the construct and convergent validity of the TEIP-ES and suggest that it is a useful instrument to measure self-efficacy for inclusion in Spanish preservice teacher populations. This manuscript reports the findings, discusses the implications for the improvement of TE programs, and suggests possible avenues for future related research.
Different orders of scattering through time-resolved Mueller matrix imaging estimates of pre-malignancy in human cervical tissues
Authors: Zaffar Mohammad , Sahoo Gyana Ranjan , Pradhan Asima
Published: April 2020

Time-resolved Mueller matrix (MM) imaging polarimetry in transmission mode has been implemented in both epithelium and stromal regions of cervical tissues to explore the various polarization dynamics in connection with the diagnosis of cervical precancer. The picosecond-resolved intensity patterns of various MM elements, resulting from the various orders of scattering, at different time delays provide clear demarcation between the epithelium and stroma of cervical tissue. The time dependent depolarization and retardance maps are seen to differentiate the epithelium from stroma. The average values of time dependent linear, linear-45, and circular depolarization and linear, circular, and scalar retardance parameters in different regimes of scattering from the optically anisotropic stromal region identify the pre-malignancy in cervical tissue. As the disease evolves, time dependent linear depolarization varies to larger values as compared to time dependent circular depolarization. Interestingly, the chirality of the collagen network that rotates the plane of polarized light in either direction in normal samples is limited to only the clockwise direction during the progression of the disease. These results show potential in the early detection and understanding of the mechanisms of morphological changes in cervical cancer development.
Atacama sub-millimeter telescope experiment polarimeter (APol) I: design and lab-test result: publisher’s note
Authors: Zhang Y. , Li H.-B. , Luhr D. , Takekoshi T. , Oshima T. , Gu Q.
Published: April 2020

This publisher’s note corrects errors in the author affiliations, abstract and the Funding sections in Appl. Opt. 59, 2593 (2020).APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.378008
Characterization of early-stage cutaneous radiation injury by using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Lee Jungbin , Jang Won Hyuk , Shim Sehwan , Kim Bumju , Jang Won-Suk , Myung Jae Kyung , Park Sunhoo , Kim Ki Hean
Published: April 2020

Cutaneous radiation injury (CRI) is a skin injury caused by exposure to high dose ionizing radiation (IR). Diagnosis and treatment of CRI is difficult due to its initial clinically latent period and the following inflammatory bursts. Early detection of CRI before clinical symptoms will be helpful for effective treatment, and various optical methods have been applied with limitations. Here we show that optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) could detect changes in the skin during the latent period in CRI mouse models non-invasively. CRI was induced on the mouse hindlimb with exposure to various IR doses and the injured skin regions were imaged longitudinally by OCTA until the onset of clinical symptoms. OCTA detected several changes in the skin including the skin thickening, the dilation of large blood vessels, and the irregularity in vessel boundaries. Some of OCTA findings were confirmed by histology. The study results showed that OCTA could be used for early CRI detection.
High-speed, multi-modal, label-free imaging of pathological slices with a Bessel beam
Authors: Liu Chi , Zhao Zhifeng , Jin Cheng , Xiao Ying , Gao Guoqiang , Xie Hao , Dai Qionghai , Yin Hongfang , Kong Lingjie
Published: April 2020

Optical imaging of stained pathological slices has become the gold standard for disease diagnosis. However, the procedure of sample preparation is complex and time-consuming. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is promising for label-free imaging, but the imaging speed is limited, especially for whole slice imaging. Here we propose a high-speed, multi-modal, label-free MPM by Bessel scan-based strip mosaicking. With a Bessel beam for excitation, the extended depth-of-focus not only enables full axial information acquisition at once, but also alleviates the demanding requirement of sample alignment. With the strip mosaicking protocol, we can save the time of frequent sample transferring. Besides, we add a closely-attached reflection mirror under the sample for enhancing epi-detection signals, and employ circularly polarized beams for recording comprehensive information. We demonstrate its application in multi-modal, label-free imaging of human gastric cancer slices and liver cancer slices, and show its potential in rapid disease diagnosis.
Upside-down InAs/InAs1-xSbx type-II superlattice-based nBn mid-infrared photodetectors with an AlGaAsSb quaternary alloy barrier
Authors: Deng Gongrong , Song Xinbo , Fan Mingguo , Xiao Tingting , Luo Zhibing , Chen Niu , Yang Wenyun , Zhang Yiyun
Published: April 2020

Ga-free InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattices (T2SLs) are emerging as candidate materials for high temperature operation of mid-infrared photodetectors, which are critical for infrared technology with an aim to provide low-cost and compact detection systems. In this work, by utilizing upside-down device structure, a closely lattice-matched Al0.83Ga0.17AsSb quaternary alloy as electron barrier was pre-grown before the growth of InAs/InAsSb T2SLs absorber in a nBn device. Based on this design, we have demonstrated 5-µm cut-off mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) photodetectors that exhibited a dark current density of 1.55 × 10−4 A/cm2 at an operation bias 400mV at 150K. A saturated quantum efficiency at ∼4.0 µm reaches 37.5% with a 2 µm absorber and the peak responsivity reaches 1.2 A/W, which yields a peak specific detectivity as high as ∼1.82 × 1011 cm·H z1/2/W at a forward bias of 400mV.
Temperature compensation of optical alternating magnetic field sensor via a novel method for on-line measuring
Authors: Wang Hongyuan , Jiang Junfeng , Hu Haofeng , Han Qun , Sun Zezhou , Zheng Zheng , Cheng Zhenzhou , Liu Tiegen
Published: April 2020

The variation of environment temperature is a crucial problem for optical magnetic field sensors based on the magneto-optical crystal. In this paper, we propose a novel temperature compensation method for optical alternating magnetic field measuring by analyzing the demodulation principle and establishing the temperature compensation model, which can implement the functions of temperature compensation and on-line measuring simultaneously. Both the temperature and the alternating magnetic field flux density can be obtained only by adding two magnet rings on the magnetic field sensor. The experimental phenomenon agrees well with the temperature characteristics of the magneto-optical crystal and the theoretical compensation model. The experimental results demonstrate that this sensor has excellent stability whose max relative fluctuation is only 0.7402% in the range of 0-4 mT under a constant temperature. In the temperature compensation experiment of 0 °C, 20 °C and 40 °C, the sensor shows strong temperature robustness that the max absolute and relative errors are 0.07 mT and 3.50%, respectively. Meanwhile, compensation efficiency reaches 83.968%, which can effectively avoid temperature crosstalk to a large extent. Additionally, it has a better compensation performance whose max absolute and relative errors are 0.15 mT and 1.66% in the broader range of 0-16 mT when the actual temperature is accurately known.
Dynamics of localized dissipative structures in a generalized Lugiato–Lefever model with negative quartic group-velocity dispersion
Authors: Melchert O. , Yulin A. , Demircan A.
Published: April 2020

We study localized dissipative structures in a generalized Lugiato–Lefever equation, exhibiting normal group-velocity dispersion and anomalous quartic group-velocity dispersion. In the conservative system, this parameter-regime has proven to enable generalized dispersion Kerr solitons. Here, we demonstrate via numerical simulations that our dissipative system also exhibits equivalent localized states, including special molecule-like two-color bound states recently reported. We investigate their generation, characterize the observed steady-state solution, and analyze their propagation dynamics under perturbations.
Laser mode locking using a single-mode-fiber coil with enhanced polarization-dependent loss
Authors: Jiang Hongbo , Huang Yunpeng , Zhao Zihao , Shirahata Takuma , Jin Lei , Yamashita Shinji , Set Sze Y.
Published: April 2020

A laser mode-locking phenomenon based on polarization-dependent loss (PDL) using a passive fiber coil is demonstrated. We propose using a fiber coil operating in low-V-number regime to achieve an enhanced bend-induced PDL and to maintain a reasonable bend loss. A mode-locked thulium doped all-fiber laser is shown using the low-V-number fiber coil. The results indicate that a moderate amount of PDL at 1 dB is sufficient to initiate and sustain a stable CW mode-locking operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a CW mode-locked fiber laser based on PDL enabled by a fiber coil.
White-light flashlight activated up-conversion luminescence for ultraviolet-B tagging
Authors: Wang Aiying , Liu Yichun , Wang Xiao-Jun , Liu Feng
Published: April 2020

Optical tagging technology with emission in the ultraviolet region upon visible-light excitation is promising for objects identified in visually bright environments, while the relevant research is absent. Here we put forward a covert tagging concept, which is based on up-converting phosphors (e.g.,  

L
u

3

A
l

5

O

12

:

P
r

3
+

) with emission peaking in the ultraviolet-B region (UV-B, 290−320 nm). A white-light flashlight serves as excitation source to make the up-converter emit, and an ultraviolet camera is applied to see such an emission wavelength range. This Letter expands the excitation source for an up-conversion process to a convenient flashlight for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Moreover, such a flashlight-pumped UV-B tagging technology is generally applicable for many other phosphors, which can be utilized to mark and differentiate objects in commercial, civilian, or military applications.
Emotional Intelligence of Medical Post Graduate Students from Central India: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Ukey Ujwala U. , Sharma Sarita K. , Choudhary Sanjeev M. , Tathe Tushar S.
Published: April 2020

Background
Emotionally intelligent doctors are better able to perceive the need of the patient. In today’s world, where patient satisfaction is one of the most important criteria for a successful medical practice, emotional intelligence of doctors plays a vital role.

Objectives
To study emotional intelligence of post graduate medical students.

Methods
It is a cross-sectional study conducted in Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur during January- February 2019. The study participants were one hundred first - year post graduate students. Data collection was done using quick emotional intelligence self administered questionnaire. Data was entered in Microsoft office excels and analyzed with the help of epi info.

Results
In the present study total 100 post graduate students were assessed of which 56% were male. Emotional awareness and emotional management was better in male post graduate students in comparison with the females and the difference was found to be statistically significantly. The scores of the other two domains were almost equal in both. More than half of the study participants had a satisfactory EI score i.e. 25-34.

Conclusion
Male post graduate students had better EI. Most of the study participants had a satisfactory EI score.
Esophageal Bronchial Artery Fistulaization: A Complication of an Endobronchial Ultrasound
Authors: Jadeja Sonal , Green Kevin , Shuja Asim , Malespin Miguel , De Melo Silvio
Published: April 2020

Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysms are an extremely rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The presence of a bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm resulting in an esophageal fistula is an entity that, to our knowledge, has yet to be described. Successful management requires an interdisciplinary approach to guide closure of the defects. We present a novel case of an esophageal fistula and bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm resulting from an endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration successfully managed by endoscopic therapy and coil embolization.
Análise Morfométrica e Morfológica da Ilha da Trindade, Atlântico Sul, Brasil
Authors: Nogueira Gabriel , Frederica Effgen Julia , Marchioro Eberval
Published: April 2020

Apesar de bem estabelecida em bacias hidrográficas continentais, a análise morfométrica ainda é pouco desenvolvida em ilhas oceânicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a morfometria e classificar morfologicamente a ilha da Trindade, localizada no Atlântico Sul e, verificar sua relação com o ITU. Foram utilizados os parâmetros de altimetria, declividade, fator LS, Índice Topográfico de Umidade (ITU) e a classificação Geomorphons. A ilha da Trindade tem amplitude altimétrica de 600m, sendo que 34% da área da ilha tem cota entre 0-100m e, 21,2% tem entre 100-200m. As áreas mais baixas da ilha são praias de cascalho, areia e leques aluviais. Divisores de água como os picos do Desejado e Verde correspondem às porções acima de 500m e ocupam cerca de 2% da área da ilha. A declividade varia de fortemente ondulada (20-45%) a montanhosa (45-75%), com ambas as classes ocupando mais de metade da ilha. As porções mais aplainadas (declividade entre 0-3% e 3-8%) ocupam menos de 4% da área. Verifica-se que as faces das vertentes mais expostas da ilha às intempéries climáticas (vento e chuva) são as orientadas a leste e sudeste e, portanto, são as mais trabalhadas por processos escultores do relevo. As faces oeste e noroeste são as mais escarpadas e protegidas das ações de intempéries climáticas. A classificação por Geomorphons mostrou que 57% da área da ilha é composta por encostas retilíneas, 19% são cristas secundárias (encostas levemente convexas em plano e perfil) e 18,6% são concavidades. O ITU aponta para setores com tendência a saturação em concavidades do relevo e terços médios e inferiores das encostas, com predominância na porção leste.
Evaluation of E-Government Using COBIT 5 Framework Case Study of Sistem Database Pemasyarakatan Implementation in Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Novianto Fanny , Siregar Maria Ulfah
Published: April 2020

Information technology in the government or called by the electronic government (e-government) is an absolute necessity and must be continuously developed as an acceleration tool in strategic policy and decision-making. Utilization of e-government aims to improve performance and productivity, budget efficiency, transparency and accountability. To achieve information technology good governance, strategies are needed in developing existing e-government. The first step is to evaluate the implementation of e-government. Evaluation is done by measuring the level of Capability of e-government that has been applied. The scope of this research is e-government, which has been implemented in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The research method used is a quantitative method using a questionnaire instrument and using the 5th edition of the COBIT framework model. From the gap analysis based on the level of Capability, it can be seen that the gap between the current level of Capability and the expected level of Capability is not so large. This means that it is not so difficult for the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Special Region of Yogyakarta to continuously develop and improve SDP to achieve organizational goals and for future needs.
Análisis comparativo de las metodologías de estimación del valor en riesgo del mercado de deuda pública colombiano
Authors: Alba Suárez Miguel Antonio
Published: April 2020

El comportamiento del mercado exige hoy más que nunca abordar el estudio del valor en riesgo como instrumento que pueda ayudar a mitigar las pérdidas que se puedan presentar ante cambios generados por fundamentales internos y exter-nos. Este trabajo está enfocado en hacer una ilustración de las metodologías pa-ramétricas y no paramétricas más frecuentemente utilizadas por los agentes del mercado para encontrar el valor en riesgo aplicado al mercado de deuda pública.
Una reformulación de la ley de Okun para Colombia
Authors: Jiménez Restrepo Diana Marcela , Ortiz Quevedo Carlos Humberto , Uribe José Ignacio
Published: April 2020

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el comportamiento del desempleo en relación con el ciclo económico y los precios del capital y el trabajo. Tam-bién se plantea un modelo teórico en el que se incluyen como determinantes del desempleo las variables mencionadas: el efecto del ciclo es negativo y el de los precios, positivo. La hipótesis se contrasta utilizando información anual de las siete principales áreas metropolitanas de Colombia para el periodo 1983-2016. Los análisis econométricos no rechazan la hipótesis. En consecuencia, no solo el precio del trabajo es relevante para el mercado laboral, también es decisivo el costo del capital
Automatic Recognition of Arabic Poetry Meter from Speech Signal using Long Short-term Memory and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Al-Talabani Abdulbasit K.
Published: April 2020

The recognition of the poetry meter in spoken lines is a natural language processing application that aims to identify a stressed and unstressed syllabic pattern in a line of a poem. Stateof-the-art studies include few works on the automatic recognition of Arud meters, all of which are text-based models, and none is voice based. Poetry meter recognition is not easy for an ordinary reader, it is very difficult for the listener and it is usually performed manually by experts. This paper proposes a model to detect the poetry meter from a single spoken line (“Bayt”) of an Arabic poem. Data of 230 samples collected from 10 poems of Arabic poetry, including three meters read by two speakers, are used in this work. The work adopts the extraction of linear prediction cepstrum coefficient and Mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features, as a time series input to the proposed long short-term memory (LSTM) classifier, in addition to a global feature set that is computed using some statistics of the features across all of the frames to feed the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The results show that the SVM model achieves the highest accuracy in the speakerdependent approach. It improves results by 3%, as compared to the state-of-the-art studies, whereas for the speaker-independent approach, the MFCC feature using LSTM exceeds the other proposed models.
How middle school special and general educators make sense of and respond to changes in teacher evaluation policy
Authors: Braun Alisha M. B. , Youngs Peter
Published: April 2020

In this multiple case study, we apply sensemaking theory to examine and compare how middle school special and general educators perceive and respond to teacher evaluation reform, including formal classroom observations, informal walkthroughs, and student growth measures. Our findings reveal that special educators experience conflict between the policy’s main elements and their understandings of how to effectively teach students with disabilities. Furthermore, special and general educators held contrasting beliefs regarding the appropriateness of evaluation. Our findings illustrate the importance of acknowledging differences in special and general educators’ roles and responsibilities and encourage policymakers to reconsider uniform teacher evaluation policies.
A VIDEOGRAVAÇÃO COMO RECURSO METODOLÓGICO EM PESQUISA QUALITATIVA PARA ANÁLISE DE INTERAÇÕES
Authors: Naves Renata Magalhães , Peres Silvana Goulart , Borges Flavio Ferreira , Borges Fabrícia Teixeira
Published: April 2020

The video recording of the storytelling is a productive research resource for allowing rescue lately the organization of the time, space, scenes, lines and interactions between the teacher and the children in the storytelling context. The research on which we based for the production of this work was performed from the theoretical contribution of human development in the Cultural Psychology perspective with emphasis in the historical-cultural context, and the objective was to analyze the interactions that occurred in the School Library between the storyteller and children. Participated of the research one teacher (storyteller) and eighteen children aged five years. This work can contribute and dialogue with qualitative researches that intend to utilize the video recording as a resource to analyze the interactions, presented here from the procedures description. This methodological course allowed us to accomplish a microanalysis of the interactions, because we consider it important to conduct the research in human science – in our specific case, in the approach of the Developmental Psychology.
ANALISIS DE LA CREATIVIDAD EN LA DISCAPACIDAD VISUAL Y SU RELEVANCIA EN LA EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Llamazares de Prado Jose Enrique , Arias Gago Ana Rosa , Melcon Alvarez Maria Antonia
Published: April 2020

In the following work arises the importance in the education of key elements such as creativity and divergent thinking. This article has as main objective the review of the studies of visual disability and creativity. This study aims to a systematic reflection of the synthetic quantitative estimate of all of the available studies, posing a theoretical framework linking creativity in the education of students with visual impairment, providing personal assessments. Inside the findings evidenced the function of the creative potential, through divergent thinking in the creation of concepts and ideas, solving problems, with interest not only in education but in any area of life.
A PARTICIPAÇÃO DE ADULTOS ALFABETIZANDOS NA SOCIEDADE E O SEU DOMÍNIO DA MODALIDADE ESCRITA DA LÍNGUA
Authors: Chraim Amanda Machado
Published: April 2020

The goal of this article is to reflect upon the possible implicational relationships between the participation in different literacy events of two adult women who are at the beginning of their process of literacy and the mastery that they develop in the written modality of the language. As methodological tools, a semi-structured interview, as well as a dictation of words and sentences were formulated. The discussion was based on literacy theories, and the dictation was analyzed according to the implicational stages of writing. The result of the research points to the possibility of understanding that the participation in distinct literacy events happens in such a way that it increases the mastery of the subjects as it pertains to the written modality of the language.
EDUCAÇÃO E COMPLEXIDADE NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: UMA RELAÇÃO ORGÂNICA
Authors: Conceição Maria Beatriz Licursi , Barros Victor Freitas de Azeredo , Morgado Elsa Maria Gabriel , Silva Levi Leonido Fernandes da
Published: April 2020

The editorial article proposes to conceptually discuss the themes addressed in the Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Society, based on the Theory of Complexity, which attends a multiplicity of studies, allowing the researcher to be excluded from simplifying thinking that is incapable of conceiving the conjunction of one in the multiple, since complex thinking does not nullify diversity nor abstractly unify, on the contrary, it juxtaposes diversity without conceiving of unity.
EVOLUÇÃO CONCEPTUAL DA EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL: UM OLHAR CENTRADO NO QUADRO NORMATIVO EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Morgado Elsa Maria Gabriel , Silva Levi Leonido Fernandes da , Conceição Maria Beatriz Licursi , Rego Cardoso Mário Aníbal Gonçalves , Rodrigues João Bartolomeu
Published: April 2020

This article focuses mainly on the Portuguese legal framework, which somehow also results from the significant changes and recommendations of the various (international) guidelines on Special Education and the Inclusion. It also intends to carry out a review of the literature on the historical and conceptual evolution of the Special Education and all the corresponding concepts and themes. The combination of these two approaches clearly contribute, in our view, for a consolidation and coordination between the historical knowledge and the conceptual knowledge, together with the legal framework inherent in the practice and intervention in different contexts in which Special Education is of particular focus and interest. The present research is a qualitative research using the method of documentary research based on the conceptual and methodological framework of Gil (2010) and Bardin (1979) which aims to present some facts that we consider relevant to the history of Education Special, sensitizing the readers to the inescapable need of their social and civic participation, in order to ground a collective voice that wants to be strong and mobilizing in a central theme for the life of all. As a result of the present investigation, the latent need to carry out a significant reformulation and normative updating is evident in the light of the civilizational and conceptual advances that come from the specific needs and particularities of inclusion and special education in particular.
Formação de professores no contexto da cibercultura
Authors: Sousa Francisco , Berbat Marcio Da Costa , Barros Victor F. A.
Published: April 2020

This special issue of BRAJETS – Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Society – is focused on the topic “Teacher education in the context of cyberculture”. The articles were written by researchers who have faced the challenge of reflecting on education and technology in various settings of teacher education. Such reflection has taken a variety of social perceptions on knowledge construction into consideration. As many procedures become automatic and connections between people become widespread, BRAJETS, through the publication of this special issue, addresses a contemporary issue: the potential of cyberculture for tranforming education and teacher edcuation. In order to assure quality and representativeness of the articles published in this journal, we subject them to a double-blind review. The reviewers are highly experienced researchers who have been extremely active in their fields of expertise. This special issue includes six texts whose authors disscuss teacher education in the context of cyberculture, through various approaches and interpretations, considering the diversity of contexts that have been studied. The findings from the studies presented in this issue might help readers become more familiar with different ways of using ICT in educational networks. Achievements and obstacles are identified and discussed under the assumption that educational change prompted by cyberculture seems inevitable, even if it does not break continuity with the past. We hope readers enjoy this issue of BRAJETS and use it as a source of new ideas for research and practice
DO ANTROPOCENTRISMO AO ECOCENTRISMO: O PROJETO RIOS NA MUDANÇA DE ATITUDES AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Moreno Márcia , Mafra Paulo
Published: April 2020

In a society where anthropocentrism prevails in relation to ecocentrism, it is important to focus on didactic strategies that lead to the change of attitudes toward an ecocentric vision of the world. The Rivers Project is an Iberian project of public participation in action in our country for 12 years and uses an effective methodology for changing environmental attitudes in children in the first years of schooling. The present study aimed to assess the influence of the Rivers Project on the change of anthropocentric vision for an ecocentric vision in children of the primary school. For this, a questionnaire with open and closed questions was applied to two groups of the 4th year of primary school in the city of Bragança, namely a focus group (121 students) and a control group (33 students). The questionnaire was applied to the focus group before and after an educational intervention (pre and post-test), namely two field trips within the Rivers Project, and the control group in the same time periods, with students who did not make this field trips to the river. The question concerning the purpose of this communication was the drawing up of a drawing that mirrored its representation of a river and its banks. The resulting drawings were analyzed and categorized and were subsequently checked for statistically significant changes through the Wilcoxon test between pre and post-test in both groups. The results show that changes occurred in the focal group. The majority of the children went from an anthropocentric vision to an ecocentric vision after leaving the Rivers Project, thus evidencing the effectiveness of this Project in changing environmental attitudes.
Rodent Arena Tracker (RAT): A Machine Vision Rodent Tracking Camera and Closed Loop Control System
Authors: Krynitsky Jonathan , Legaria Alex A. , Pai Julia J. , Garmendia-Cedillos Marcial , Salem Ghadi , Pohida Tom , Kravitz Alexxai V.
Published: April 2020

Video tracking is an essential tool in rodent research. Here, we demonstrate a machine vision rodent tracking camera based on a low-cost, open-source, machine vision camera, the OpenMV Cam M7. We call our device the rodent arena tracker (RAT), and it is a pocket-sized machine vision-based position tracker. The RAT does not require a tethered computer to operate and costs about $120 per device to build. These features make the RAT scalable to large installations and accessible to research institutions and educational settings where budgets may be limited. The RAT processes incoming video in real-time at 15 Hz and savesxandypositional information to an onboard microSD card. The RAT also provides a programmable multi-function input/output pin that can be used for controlling other equipment, transmitting tracking information in real time, or receiving data from other devices. Finally, the RAT includes a real-time clock (RTC) for accurate time stamping of data files. Real-time image processing averts the need to save video, greatly reducing storage, data handling, and communication requirements. To demonstrate the capabilities of the RAT, we performed three validation studies: (1) a 4-d experiment measuring circadian activity patterns; (2) logging of mouse positional information alongside status information from a pellet dispensing device; and (3) control of an optogenetic stimulation system for a real-time place preference (RTPP) brain stimulation reinforcement study. Our design files, build instructions, and code for the RAT implementation are open source and freely available online to facilitate dissemination and further development of the RAT.
Neurofeedback-Linked Suppression of Cortical β Bursts Speeds Up Movement Initiation in Healthy Motor Control: A Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Study
Authors: He Shenghong , Everest-Phillips Claudia , Clouter Andrew , Brown Peter , Tan Huiling
Published: April 2020

Abnormally increased β bursts in cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits are associated with rigidity and bradykinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. Increased β bursts detected in the motor cortex have also been associated with longer reaction times (RTs) in healthy participants. Here we further hypothesize that suppressing β bursts through neurofeedback training can improve motor performance in healthy subjects. We conducted a double-blind sham-controlled study on 20 human volunteers (10 females) using a sequential neurofeedback-behavior task with the neurofeedback reflecting the occurrence of β bursts over sensorimotor cortex quantified in real time. The results show that neurofeedback training helps healthy participants learn to volitionally suppress β bursts in the sensorimotor cortex, with training being accompanied by reduced RT in subsequent cued movements. These changes were only significant in the real feedback group but not in the sham group, confirming the effect of neurofeedback training over simple motor imagery. In addition, RTs correlated with the rate and accumulated duration of β bursts in the contralateral motor cortex before the go-cue, but not with averaged β power. The reduced RTs induced by neurofeedback training positively correlated with reduced β bursts across all tested hemispheres. These results strengthen the link between the occurrence of β bursts in the sensorimotor cortex before the go-cue and slowed movement initiation in healthy motor control. The results also highlight the potential benefit of neurofeedback training in facilitating voluntary suppression of β bursts to speed up movement initiation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis double-blind sham-controlled study suggested that neurofeedback training can facilitate volitional suppression of β bursts in sensorimotor cortex in healthy motor control better than sham feedback. The training was accompanied by reduced reaction time (RT) in subsequent cued movements, and the reduced RT positively correlated with the level of reduction in cortical β bursts before the go-cue, but not with average β power. These results provide further evidence of a causal link between sensorimotor β bursts and movement initiation and suggest that neurofeedback training could potentially be used to train participants to speed up movement initiation.
Amygdalohippocampal Area Neurons That Project to the Preoptic Area Mediate Infant-Directed Attack in Male Mice
Authors: Sato Keiichiro , Hamasaki Yumi , Fukui Kiyoshiro , Ito Kazuki , Miyamichi Kazunari , Minami Masabumi , Amano Taiju
Published: April 2020

Male animals may show alternative behaviors toward infants: attack or parenting. These behaviors are triggered by pup stimuli under the influence of the internal state, including the hormonal environment and/or social experiences. Converging data suggest that the medial preoptic area (MPOA) contributes to the behavioral selection toward the pup. However, the neural mechanisms underlying how integrated stimuli affect the MPOA-dependent behavioral selection remain unclear. Here we focus on the amygdalohippocampal area (AHi) that projects to MPOA and expresses oxytocin receptor, a hormone receptor mediating social behavior toward pups. We describe the activation of MPOA-projection AHi neurons in male mice by social contact with pups. Input mapping using the TRIO method reveals that MPOA-projection AHi neurons receive prominent inputs from several regions, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, and olfactory cortex. Electrophysiological and histologic analysis demonstrates that oxytocin modulates inhibitory synaptic responses on MPOA-projection AHi neurons. In addition, AHi forms the excitatory monosynapse to MPOA, and pharmacological activation of MPOA-projection AHi neurons enhances only aggressive behavior, but not parental behavior. Interestingly, this promoted behavior was related to social experience in male mice. Collectively, our results identified a presynaptic partner of MPOA that can integrate sensory input and hormonal state, and trigger pup-directed aggression.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe medial preoptic area (MPOA) plays critical roles in parental behavior, such as motor control, motivation, and social interaction. The MPOA projects to multiple brain regions, and these projections contribute to several neural controls in parental behavior. In contrast, how inputs to MPOA are regulated by social and environmental information is poorly understood. In this study, we focus on the amygdalohippocampal area (AHi) that connects to MPOA and expresses oxytocin receptor. We demonstrate the disruption of the expression of parental behavior triggered by the activation of MPOA-projection AHi neurons. This behavior may be regulated not only by oxytocin but also by neural input from several regions.