bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upgrading of sugarcane bagasse by solid state fermentation with Pleurotus sajorcaju and Pleurotus florida and the impact on the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility
Authors: Akinfemi A.
Published: October 2012

Solid fermentation using celllolytic fungi: Pleurotus sajor-caju and
Pleurotus florida for upgrading of sugarcane bagasse to value-added ruminant
feed were investigated. The fermentation of the substrate lasted for 21 days
after which the changes in the chemical and mineral composition, and the in
vitro gas production were evaluated. The results obtained showed an increase
in the crude protein (%) from 6.43 (control) to 9.82 for Pleurotus sajor
treated substrate (PSB) and 10.05 for Pleurotus florida treated substrate
(PFB). The treatment effect on crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber (NDF),
acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) was significant.
Fungal treatment decreased crude fiber (%) from 37.49 (control) to 31.67
(PFB), NDF (%) from 65.92 (control) to 53.34 (PSB), ADF (%) from 49.94 to
34.79 (PSB), and ADL (%) from 15.13 to 9.74 (PSB). Most of the major and
trace minerals were higher in the untreated bagasse with the exception of
phosphorus (0.15g/kg), magnesium (1.80g/kg), potassium (2.70g/kg) and zinc
(21.60g/kg). The degradation of the insoluble but degradable fraction (b, ml)
was higher in the control (19.00) followed by PSB (16.00). The estimated
organic matter digestibility (%), short chain fatty acid (?, mol) and
metabolisable energy (MJ/Kg DM) increased from 38.77-50.06, 0.56-0.75 and
5.33-6.80 respectively. The gas volumes at 24h, 48h and 72h as affected by
treatment was significant (P<0.05) with more volumes of gas produced in the
treated bagasse. The result obtained in this study showed that fungal
treatment of bagasse improved the nutrient contents and digestibility.
Control of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) on a dairy farm in Serbia
Authors: Djedovic S. , Vuksa M. , Petrovic M.M. , Bojkovski J. , Pavlovic I. , Jokic G. , Stojnic B.
Published: October 2012

Rattus norvegicus is a synanthropic species living almost exclusively around
facilities for keeping domestic animals. This three-year research focused on
options for reducing economic damage caused by this rodent species in stables
for heavy milking cows by testing preparations with active substances of
various origin. It involved an environmentally friendly product based on
sodium selenite 0.1%, a cholecalciferol-based natural product 0.75%, as well
as anticoagulant rodenticides containing the active substances bromadiolone
0.005% and brodifacoum 0.005%. These preparations were formulated as
granules, plate bait or grain bait. The environmentally friendly sodium
selenite product achieved 76.2% efficacy in the first year of research, 70%
in the second, and 67.5% in the third. The synthetic products based on
bromadiolone and brodifacoum demonstrated high efficacy in all of the three
experimental years and in all three formulations. The cholecalciferol
rodenticide had 71.4% efficacy in the first year, 68% in the second, and
67.7% in the third. The data show that the environmentally safe product had a
lower efficacy due to high rodent abundance and inadequate epidemiological
conditions existing on the farm of heavy milking cows, while the bromadiolone
and brodifacoum-based products achieved high efficacy.
A method for evaluating the degree of housing unit flexibility in multi-family housing
Authors: Zivkovic Milica , Jovanovic Goran
Published: October 2012

The flexibility of housing unit is achieved through a complex design process
which includes an analysis of influencing factors of flexibility, their
potentials and limitations for the purpose of improvement of residential
space organization. This paper explains the proposed evaluation method of
internal flexibility of housing units in multifamily housing which may be
accepted as a general model. The presented method is based on the elements of
multicriteria analysis, where the object of evaluation is assessed through a
number of physical criteria that are directly related to the concept of
flexibility. The applied methodology aims to determine the best combination
of criteria parameters, on the base of which further guidelines in flexible
housing design are given.
LED facades in urbarchitecture
Authors: Cekic Nikola , Dacic Milos , Kostic Aleksandra
Published: October 2012

Rapid development of electronic technologies at the beginning of this century
resulted in intensive changes in urbarchitectonic formation of fa?ade planes
and physical structures. Advent of LED lights and LED panels made possible
that the physical structures in urban agglomerations worldwide, old or new,
have opened a new chapter for strategic urbarchitectonic design and different
cultural illumination diversity of houses in space. The user relationship
towards activities in physical environment, exterior and interior has been
changed, and new visual-esthetic living style has been established, a new and
more dynamic form of social communication behavior towards the identity of a
place and total evaluation of environment characteristics. A new orientation
in ivisual and functional creation of urbarchitectonic forms was born, in
redefining of a concept of culture of walls, culture of house facades and in
general of facade planes, whose life is active not only during daytime by
around the clock.
Comparative analysis of global stability of the typical structural systems of multi-storey steel buildings
Authors: Cilic Aleksandra , Damnjanovic Milisav , Djuric-Mijovic Danijela
Published: October 2012

The paper presents global stability comparative analysis of two distinctive
structural systems for one 25 - storey high steel building. These are the
system with rigid and the system with hinged joint connections between beams
and columns in the steel structure. The analysis focuses on the basic
structure which was designed only to carry vertical loads, and on the
corresponding structure which was stabilized with vertical bracings in the
fa?ade walls. Additionally, the paper shows several intermediate steps in the
designing of stabilized systems. Static and dynamic design of the relevant
structural systems, as well as the control of stress, deformation and
stability under the seismic forces of seismic intensity VIII, was done on a
computer, on the 3D computation models using Finite Element Method.
Methodology update for determination of the erosion coefficient(Z)
Authors: Tosic Radislav , Dragicevic Slavoljub
Published: October 2012

The research and mapping the intensity of mechanical water erosion that have
begun with the empirical methodology of S. Gavrilovic during the
mid-twentieth century last, by various intensity, until the present time. A
many decades work on the research of these issues pointed to some
shortcomings of the existing methodology, and thus the need for its
innovation. In this sense, R. Lazarevic made certain adjustments of the
empirical methodology of S. Gavrilovic by changing the tables for
determination of the coefficients ?, X and Y, that is, the tables for
determining the mean erosion coefficient (Z). The main objective of this
paper is to update the existing methodology for determining the erosion
coefficient (Z) with the empirical methodology of S. Gavrilovic and
amendments made by R. Lazarevic (1985), but also with better adjustments to
the information technologies and the needs of modern society. The proposed
procedure, that is, the model to determine the erosion coefficient (Z) in
this paper is the result of ten years of scientific research and project work
in mapping the intensity of mechanical water erosion and its modeling using
various models of erosion in the Republic of Srpska and Serbia. By analyzing
the correlation of results obtained by regression models and results obtained
during the mapping of erosion on the territory of the Republic of Srpska, a
high degree of correlation (R? = 0.9963) was established, which is
essentially a good assessment of the proposed models.
Periglacial relief of Crnook (southeast Serbia)
Authors: Nesic Dragan , Belij Srdjan , Milovanovic Bosko
Published: October 2012

This paper presents the results of geomorphological research of the
periglacial relief on mountain Crnook (1881 m) in Southeast Serbia. The
results have showed the significant presence of modern periglacial morphology
on this mountain which is developing in azonal conditions of a periglacial
mountain environment. Research results from Crnook are significant because
they represent the continuation of similar studies on medium-high mountains
of Serbia (Kopaonik, Stara Planina). Based on a comparison of data from
Kopaonik, Stara Planina and Crnook (Nesic D., Milincic M., 2004; Belij S. et
al., 2008; Nesic D. et al., 2009; Nesic D., 2009), it can be concluded that
in similar climatic frameworks with a significant share of anthropogenic
activities, in terms of reducing the forest area in the highest parts of a
mountain, similar modern periglacial processes develop on mountains as an
indicator of azonal or boundary development framework of modern mountain
periglacial environment. During 2006-07, the project "Modern periglacial
geomorphic landforms on the mountains of Serbia" was initiated and the field
research was conducted on the high mountains of Serbia (Stara Planina,
Kopaonik, Kucaj, Beljanica, Zlatibor), and the mountains of Southeast Serbia
(Vardenik, Besna Kobila, Dukat i Crnook).
The genesis and evolution of uvalas in Gajina mlaka paleovalley on the Kucaj mountains
Authors: Petrovic Aleksandar , Veselinovic Ratomir
Published: October 2012

The evolution of Gajina mlaka paleovalley from pre-karstic to current phase
reveals the complexity of process of transformation of valleys in karst and
formation of fluviokarst uvalas. The creation of river network and formation
of the valley of Gajina mlaka are related to successive withdrawal of the
Pontiac Sea. Predominance of karstic process over fluvial causes the
transformation of fluvial morphology into karstic. The degree of
transformation depends on relationship of the intensity between these two
opposed processes. Karstification covers all parts of Gajina mlaka valley
which are built in karst. Riverbeds are almost completely transformed and
dolines are formed along them. In the parts of valleys with more significant
lithologic differences, more complex tectonic relationships and different
pre-karstic fluvial morphology, larger forms of relief are created by karstic
process and they are called uvalas. According to the presented method of
genesis and evolution of uvalas it can be concluded that they are clearly
morphologically and genetically individualized karst landforms, which negates
some contemporary opinions that exclude both the term and form uvala as
karstic element of relief.
Determining the extreme air temperature thresholds in Republic of Srpska
Authors: Andjelkovic Goran , Ducic Vladan , Trbic Goran , Rudan Nada
Published: October 2012

The goal of this paper is to determine the state of extreme air temperature
in Republic of Srpska and to establish their thresholds as the limits of
unsuitability of the climate. The air temperature much above and much below
was investigated. The spatial distribution of minimal air temperatures in
Republic of Srpska during the studied period 2006-2010 shows the meridian,
parallel and altitude regularity. The average annual maximums increase slowly
from the north towards the south and insignificantly from the west towards
the east of Republic of Srpska.
Climate change and river discharge: case study Kolubara River, Beli brod hydrological gauge
Authors: Buric Dragan , Stanojevic Gorica , Lukovic Jelena , Gavrilovic Ljiljana , Zivkovic Nenad
Published: October 2012

This paper analyzes climate change and its impact on river discharge. This
issue is very well studied worldwide, but in Serbia so far has been poorly
studied. The first part of the paper presents the views of two different
opinions, those who favored anthropogenic impact on the increasing greenhouse
effect, and those who say that this is due to natural factors. Most attention
is paid to changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. Classification
by the group of those who favor the promotion of natural phenomena is
demonstrated through the analysis of river flow fluctuations in the
hydrological gauge Beli brod located on Kolubara River.
Orientation of medieval churches of Morava school
Authors: Tadic Milutin , Gavric Gordana
Published: October 2012

In this paper we present the mathematical and topographic analysis of
orientation of the most significant churches (11) of Morava school, the last
style in architecture of medieval Serbia whose executors were chief
architects. The deviation from equinox East of the main axis of each church
and the dates when the Sun rises on the physical horizon, in the extension of
the main axis, have been calculated. These were the dates when the church
could have been oriented towards the rising Sun. This possibility has been
ruled out for four churches. As for the other churches, the matching of the
mentioned dates with the patron?s days wasn?t established. The churches in
monasteries Ljubostinja and Kalenic are oriented with astronomical precision
towards equinox East, an admirable fact considering the tools available to
the builders. Rade Borovic, the only chief architect who put his signature on
his work, was the chief architect of Ljubostinja.
Environmental cadmium and zinc concentrations in liver and kidney of European hare from different Serbian regions
Authors: Petrovic Zoran , Teodorovic Vlado , Dimitrijevic Mirjana , Borozan Suncica , Beukovic Milos , Nikolic Dragica , Spiric Aurelija
Published: October 2012

The hares assayed (n=84) were divided into five age groups: 3-6; 12; 12-24;
24-36 and 36 + months. Between all sampling regions (11) significant
differences of Cd levels were found in kidney and liver (p value, p=0.001 and
0.007, respectively) . Significant statistical differences (p=0.001) are
registered between Cd content in kidney and liver of hares among all
represented age groups. Looking at all investigated hare samples, moderately
higher concentrations of Zn were found in liver (median value: 25.4 mg/kg
w.w) compared to those in kidney (21.4 mg/kg). These differences were
statistically significant (p=0.001). Zinc concentrations in liver, between
all age groups, did not differ significantly (p=0.512) but in kidney these
differences were statistically significant (p=0,001). Significant differences
between Zn concentrations in liver in comparison to kidney (pairwise
differences) were found within every single age group with exception of the
oldest (36+ ) . Strong statistically significant correlations (Ps- Pearson's
correlation ) between Cd concentrations in kidney and liver were registered
in three groups older than 12 months (Ps=0.81, p=0.001; 0.78, p=0.001; and
0.79, p=0.001, respectively). Negative correlation between Zn and Cd
concentrations were found in liver samples within the age group of 12 months
(Ps= -0,67, p=0.004).

 This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction 10.2298/HEMIND151030061E
Lie group analysis of heat and mass transfer effects on steady MHD free convection dissipative fluid flow past an inclined porous surface with heat generation
Authors: Reddy Gnaneswara
Published: October 2012

In this paper, an analysis has been carried out to study heat and mass
transfer effects on steady two-dimensional flow of an electrically conducting
incompressible dissipating fluid past an inclined semi-infinite porous
surface with heat generation. A scaling group of transformations is applied
to the governing equations. The system remains invariant due to some
relations among the parameters of the transformations. After finding three
absolute invariants, a third-order ordinary differential equation
corresponding to the momentum equation, and two secondorder ordinary
differential equations corresponding to energy and diffusion equations are
derived. The coupled ordinary differential equations along with the boundary
conditions are solved numerically. Many results are obtained and a
representative set is displayed graphically to illustrate the influence of
the various parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and
concentration profiles. Comparisons with previously published work are
performed and the results are found to be in very good agreement.
The Use of Bur and Laser for Root Caries Treatment: A Comparative Study
Authors: Geraldo-Martins V , Thome T , Mayer M , Marques M
Published: October 2012

This research analyzed the influence of bur and erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser caries removal on cavity characteristics and marginal seal of composite resin restorations. One hundred and forty human dental root samples were used. After in vitro root caries induction using Streptococcus mutans, the carious lesions were removed either by a conventional technique using burs (G1=control) or by using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (λ=2.78 μm, 20 Hz, pulse duration≅140 μs, noncontact mode using a 600-μm tip) with the following power outputs: G2: 1.0 W; G3: 1.25 W; G4: 1.5 W; G5: 1.75 W; G6: 2.0 W; G7: 2.25 W; G8: 2.5 W; G9: 2.75 W; G10: 3.0 W; G11: 3.25 W; G12: 3.5 W; G13: 3.75 W; and G14: 4.0 W. Samples in the 14 groups (n=10) were conditioned with Clearfil SE Bond and restored with a flowable composite. They were then thermocycled (1000 cycles) and immersed into a 2% methylene blue solution for microleakage analysis. The data were statistically compared (analysis of variance or Spearman correlation tests; p≤0.05). The lased groups showed significantly greater microleakage indexes, cavity depths, and presence of residual caries than did those of the control group. There was a strong positive correlation between residual caries and microleakage. The results indicate that Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation is not a good alternative to the use of burs for root caries removal since it may cause a significant loss of marginal sealing in composite resin restorations.
Effect of Using Silorane-based Resin Composite for Restoring Conservative Cavities on the Changes in Cuspal Deflection
Authors: Shabayek NM , Hassan FM , Mobarak EH
Published: October 2012

Objective:

To investigate the effect of using two resin-composite materials for restoring conservative mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities on the changes (incremental and cumulative) in cuspal deflection.

Methods:

Forty extracted sound human maxillary second premolars were subjected to standardized MOD cavity preparation and then divided into two groups (n=20). The first group of teeth was restored with Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), and Filtek P90 (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) was used in the second group. Incremental cuspal deflection was calculated by measuring the intercuspal distance between the indexed cusp tips before the restoration and at five-minute intervals up to 30 minutes using a stereomicroscope connected to a digital camera. Cumulative cuspal deflection for both materials was also calculated.

Results:

Comparing the incremental cuspal deflection of the tested groups at each time interval, it was found that there was no significant difference immediately after curing and at five, 15, 20, and 25 minutes. However, a significant difference was recorded at 10 and 30 minutes. For the cumulative cuspal deflection, Filtek P90 showed significantly lower deflection values than Filtek Z250 only after five minutes.

Conclusions:

Incremental cuspal deflections of both materials over the tested intervals were almost comparable. However, after five minutes of curing, silorane-based resin composite surpassed the methacrylate-based resin composite in controlling the cumulative cuspal deflection.
Home Advantage in Retractable-Roof Baseball Stadia
Authors: Romanowich Paul
Published: October 2012

This study examined whether the home advantage varies for open-air, domed, or retractable-roof baseball stadia, and whether having the roof open or closed affects the home advantage in retractable-roof baseball stadia. Data from Major League Baseball (MLB) games played between 2001 and 2009 were analyzed for whether or not the presence of a home-advantage was dependent on the type of home stadium used. Home advantage was robust for all three types of stadia. A significant effect of stadium type on home advantage was found, with a greater home advantage for teams playing home games in domed stadia relative to open-air stadia, replicating a previous study. There was a greater home advantage for teams playing home games in domed stadia relative to retractable-roof stadia. No other differences in the home advantage were found; results are discussed in terms of familiarity with the facility.
A Reliability Study for Standing Functional Reach Test Using Modified and Traditional Rulers
Authors: Lin Yi-Hung , Tang Yung-Wen , Chen Tou-Rong , Wang Ching-Yi
Published: October 2012

The purposes of the study were (1) to estimate the standing reach distance, test-retest, and interrater reliability of the functional reach test using traditional and modified rulers and (2) to evaluate the difference in the scores based on one trial, the mean of two or of three trials. Sixty-four individuals ( M age = 36.3 yr., SD = 19.5, range = 19 to 70 years; 24 men, 40 women) volunteered to participate. Differences in measurements were examined. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the test-retest and interrater reliability. Analysis indicated that the reach score measured by the rulers were not statistically significantly different, but the three measurements were significantly different. Reliability estimates were similar for the two mean scores, the mean of two trials (ICC2,2 = 0.87–1.00) or three trials (ICC2,3 = 0.89–1.00). The standard error of measurement (SEM) was always smaller when the modified ruler was used than when the traditional ruler was used. Performance with the modified ruler is an alternative to that with a traditional ruler. The mean of two trials as a measure of performance of reach distance when standing is recommended with either ruler.
Duration Reproduction: Lossy Integration and Effects of Sensory Modalities, Cognitive Functioning, Age, and Sex
Authors: Pütz Peter , Wittmann Marc , Wackermann Jiří
Published: October 2012

The “dual klepsydra model” (DKM) of internal time representation successfully models duration reproduction data, but relations between the DKM-based parameter κ (“loss rate”) and procedural variables (presentation modality) or individual characteristics (cognitive indices, age, sex) remained as yet unexplored. For that purpose, we re-analyzed data from an earlier time reproduction study ( N = 100), using visually or acoustically presented intervals of 1–5 sec. duration. Typical values of parameter κ were ≈0.03–0.04 sec.−1, corresponding to relaxation times of internal “lossy integrators” of ≈30 sec. Significant effects of presentation modality (smaller κ values for the visual reproduction task) and of age (greater κ in acoustic reproduction with increasing age) were observed. Cognitive variables (working memory, general fluid reasoning, attention) and sex of participants were not associated with κ. Cognitive functions seem to play only a minor, if any, role at the level of time representation addressed by the DKM.
Sex Differences in Neural Activation to Ambiguous Facial Expression in Happy and Sad Context
Authors: Kinoshita Akiko , Okamoto Yasumasa , Okada Go , Demoto Yoshihiko , Kunisato Yoshihiko , Yoshimura Shinpei , Onoda Keiichi , Kamachi Miyuki , Yamawaki Shigeto
Published: October 2012

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate brain activation associated with a facial expression identification task (stimuli were full emotional, half emotional, or ambiguous in both happy and sad context) in 10 men and 10 women. fMRI assessment revealed significant interaction of sex × context in the right putamen for the ambiguous faces. Women showed a greater BOLD response to ambiguous facial expression in the sad context than in the happy context, while men showed a greater response in the happy context. Further, women showed a greater BOLD response than did men to ambiguous facial expression in the sad context, while men showed a greater response than women in the happy context. These results suggest that sad and happy context differentially modulate right putamen activation related to processing of ambiguous facial expression in men and women.
Size Effects on the Touchpad, Touchscreen, and Keyboard Tasks of Netbooks
Authors: Lai Chih-Chun , Wu Chih-Fu
Published: October 2012

The size of a netbook plays an important role in its success. Somehow, the viewing area on screen and ability to type fast were traded off for portability. To further investigate, this study compared the performances of different-sized touchpads, touchscreens, and keyboards of four-sized netbooks for five application tasks. Consequently, the 7″ netbook was significantly slower than larger netbooks in all the tasks except the 8.9” netbook touchpad (successive selecting and clicking) or keyboard tasks. Differences were non-significant for the operating times among the 8.9″, 10.1”, and 11.6″ netbooks in all the tasks except between the 8.9” and 11.6″ netbooks in keyboards tasks. For error rates, device-type effects rather than size effects were significant. Gender effects were not significant for operating times in all the tasks but for error rates in touchscreen (multi-direction touching) and keyboard tasks. Considering size effects, the 10.1” netbooks seemed to optimally balance between portability and productivity.
Analysis of Declarative and Procedural Knowledge in Volleyball According to the Level of Practice and Players' Age
Authors: Gil Alexander , Moreno M. Perla , García-González Luís , Moreno Alberto , Del Villar Fernando
Published: October 2012

The main objective of the research was to analyse the cognitive expertise of volleyball players, according to their level of practice and age, as well as to verify the existing difference in the knowledge of individuals of the same age but with different levels of practice. The study sample was comprised of 535 individuals ages 12 to 16 years. The independent variables were the level of practice, i.e., playing category in training and in competition (Under-14 and Under-16), and the age. The dependent variables were declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge. An analysis of variance was performed to examine the influence of the level of practice on the declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge of the volleyball players in training stages. There were significant differences both in declarative knowledge and in procedural knowledge according to level of practice. Significant differences were also observed between consecutive ages at different levels of practice. These results show that the level of practice in training and competition is a more relevant factor than the change of age in development of specific knowledge of the sport.
Lateral Tibial Plateau Fracture
Authors: Flautt Warren , Miller Joseph , Ratcliff Jennifer Robyn
Published: October 2012

The patient was a 30-year-old man who was initially seen by a physical therapist for a chief complaint of left knee pain. Due to concern for a fracture, the physical therapist ordered radiographs of the left knee, which revealed a fracture of the left lateral tibial plateau.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(9):819. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0416
DMA Clinical Pilates Directional-Bias Assessment: Reliability and Predictive Validity
Authors: Tulloch Evelyn , Phillips Craig , Sole Gisela , Carman Allan , Abbott J. Haxby
Published: October 2012

Study Design

Randomized, repeated-measures crossover design.

Objectives

To determine the interrater reliability of directional-bias assessment and to investigate its validity for predicting immediate changes in dynamic postural stability and muscle performance following directionally biased exercises.

Background

Directional bias in dynamic postural stability deficits may be associated with outcome following intervention.

Methods

Two researchers independently assessed 33 participants, each with a history of more than 1 unilateral lower-limb injury, for directional bias. Interrater reliability was evaluated with the kappa coefficient and a prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted kappa coefficient. Participants were randomly allocated to perform matched-bias (MB) or unmatched-bias (UB) exercises first, in 2 crossover groups. Two outcome measures, time to stabilization and rebound hopping, were assessed before and following each exercise intervention, using a force plate. Crossover trial data were analyzed by t tests for period, interaction, and treatment effects, and repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to investigate differences between baseline, MB, and UB.

Results

Interrater reliability of directional-bias assessment was substantial (κ = 0.75; prevalence-adjusted and bias-adjusted κ = 0.76). Following MB exercises, medial/lateral time to stabilization and time on the ground during rebound hopping were significantly shorter (P = .01 and P = .05, respectively) compared with UB exercises. Compared with baseline, pairwise change in anterior/posterior time to stabilization (P = .008) improved following MB, whereas time in the air decreased following UB (P = .036).

Conclusion

Directional-bias assessment demonstrates substantial reliability, and outcomes suggest validity for predicting immediate improvements following matched directionally biased exercises. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(8):676–687. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3790
Electromechanical Delay of the Vastus Medialis Obliquus and Vastus Lateralis in Individuals With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Authors: Chen Han-Yu , Chien Chia-Chen , Wu Shyi-Kuen , Liau Jiann-Jong , Jan Mei-Hwa
Published: October 2012

Study Design

Case-control study.

Objective

To examine electromechanical delay (EMD) of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and the vastus lateralis (VL) in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Background

EMD is a mechanical property of muscles related to protective reflex and sports performance. The time duration of the EMD can be shortened with strength training and, conversely, can be lengthened secondary to immobilization. However, it is unclear if EMD between various components of the quadriceps is affected in individuals with PFPS.

Methods

Twenty-six individuals with PFPS and 26 healthy volunteers were studied. The VMO and VL were electrically stimulated to evoke muscle twitches. Ultrasound was used to assess patellar movement elicited by the muscle twitch. The time from the onset of electrical stimulation to the onset of patellar movement was measured as the EMD. The EMDs of the VMO and VL were compared between groups using a mixed-model analysis of variance.

Results

Subsequent to a significant interaction (P<.001), post hoc analysis indicated that the EMD of the VMO was longer (PFPS, 37.3 ± 0.7 milliseconds; control, 25.9 ± 0.7 milliseconds; P<.001) and the EMD of the VL was shorter (PFPS, 18.4 ± 0.5 milliseconds; control, 25.1 ± 0.5 milliseconds; P<.001) in the PFPS group. Therefore, in the individuals with PFPS, the EMD of the VMO was significantly longer than that of the VL (P<.001), which was not the case for those in the control group (P = .20).

Conclusion

The mechanical properties of the VMO and VL may be altered in patients with PFPS. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(9):791–796, Epub 2 August 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3973
Patient Age Is Related to the Types of Physical Therapy Interventions Provided for Chronic Low Back Pain: An Observational Study
Authors: Greenberger Hilary B. , Beissner Katherine , Jewell Dianne V.
Published: October 2012

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal cohort of patients treated for chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Objectives

To determine whether patient age is associated with types of physical therapy interventions received for CLBP.

Background

Advancing age is associated with less positive treatment outcomes in patients with CLBP. If patient age influences a therapist's choice of interventions, it may partially explain the difference in treatment outcomes.

Methods

Data were examined in a sample of 7392 patients (62% women, 38% men; mean ± SD age, 56.7 ± 16.5 years) with CLBP. We used a generalized estimating equation to examine the probability of each subject receiving each of the individual intervention categories in the presence of the other intervention categories.

Results

A significant interaction between intervention category and age existed after controlling for gender, duration of symptoms, comorbidities, payer source, and functional status at initial intake (χ2 = 130.27, df = 8, P<.0001). The changes in probability of receiving an intervention category averaged 10% as patient age increased. The probability of receiving exercise or task-specific training did not change with advancing age. The probability of receiving postural exercises, pain modalities, joint mobility techniques, ice, or McKenzie exercises decreased with advancing age. The probability of receiving augmented soft tissue mobilization and balance/mobility training increased as age increased.

Conclusion

The impact of age on physical therapist treatment choices varies depending on the type of intervention. Other variables in addition to age may have an impact on treatment choice. Further research is needed to determine how therapists incorporate age into their clinical decision making. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(11):902–911, Epub 21 September 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4147
Multiple/Overlapping Stents in a Single Artery Territory in Bangladeshi Patient Population with Diabetes Mellitus (DM)-Sirolimus Eluting Stent (Cypher) shows better Patency and Reduced ISR: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Islam AHMW , Munwar S , Talukder S , Reza A , Ahmed T , Bhuiyan A , Siddique AB
Published: October 2012

Background: Data of stent patency or the development of ISR in multiple or overlapping stent in a   single vessel territory of Bangladeshi diabetic (DM) patient population is not yet available. Therefore,   the aim of our present study was to assess primarily the long-term stent patency of varieties of stent   in patient with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Non-diabetes Mellitus (NDM).Methods: Patients were prospectively selected from, who underwent coronary angiogram at our   hospital for further evaluation of their previous PTCA in the e36 months preceding the study for the   quantifying period of 2007-2011. Total 51 (11%) patients (male: 41, Female: 10) from a total 461   patients were included in this study who has multiple or overlapping stent in single vessel territory. Total 32 (62.7%) patients included into the DM group with an average age of 57 yrs and in the NDM   were 19 (37.3%) with 58 yrs. Average ISR period was 3.1 ± 2.4 yrs.   Results: Our result shows that total 70 stent were deployed in 33 vessels of DM patient and 44 stent   in 21 vessel of Non-DM patient. Territory wise total number of deployed stent in patient of DM:   NDM were in LAD 34 (48.6%): 18(41%), RCA 16 (22.8%): 4 (9%) and LCX 20(28.6%): 22(55%). Stent   used in DM: NDM; were BMS 21 (30%): 22(50%), Sirolimus 24(34.3%): 10(22.7%), Paclitaxel   17(24.3%):8(18.2%), Everolimus 6(8.6%):4(9.1%)%). Re-look coronary angiogram (CAG) revealed   that increased number of in-stent restenosis occurred more in patient with Diabetes [DM 10(31.3%)   vs NDM 5(26.3%)]. Significant ISR (ISR>60%) in DM patient treated with for BMS were 4 (36.4%),   for Paclitaxel 3(42.3%), for Sirolimus 1(9.1%). Average stent size and length were almost same in   both groups for any coronary territory.Conclusion: Our study has revealed that increased number of ISR were more in patient with   diabetes (DM) in a single artery territory when multiple stents were used either separately or as overlapping. Among the stent used, Sirolimus shows better patency with reduced ISR than Paclitaxel and other limus eluting stent for an average period of follow up of 3.1 yrs. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12208 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 18-22
Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Different Clinical Specimens: Experience at NICVD, Dhaka
Authors: Shahidullah MS , Yusuf MA , Khatun Z , Ara UKMN , Mitul MT
Published: October 2012

Background: Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of death and sometimes curable.  Bacteria are the most common etiology in hospitalized patients. The objective of this study was to  evaluate the incidence of bacterial infections and their pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics in  moderate and severe infections in patients admitted at NICVD hospital.Methodology: The study was performed in the apical teaching hospital of Bangladesh situated at  Dhaka in the first half of 2012. Patients admitted in medical wards and medical ICU, suffering from  moderate and severe infections were studied. Clinical evaluation, routine and specific investigations  were done in each case. Microbiological samplings were tried on day 1, after completion of antibiotic  therapy or in between as required. Aerobic bacterial culture and sensitivity tests were done.  Result: A total of 274 cases were studied of which male (67.5%) were predominant than female  (32.5%). The highest number of patients were in the age group of 30-60 years (53.6%) followed by 10-  30 years (24.5%) and more than 60 years (12.8%). The mean age with standard deviation was  39.15±19.07 years (range 1-90 years). Most common isolated bacteria was the Pseudomonas species  (14.2%) followed by Escherichia coli (13.5%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (6.9%) and Staphylococcus  aureus (2.2%). From these specimens Pseudomonas species (31.5%) was isolated mostly from pus. E.  coli was found most commonly in pus (16.3%) and urine (14.1%). Staph saprophyticus (13.0%) and  Staphylococcus aureus (4.3%) were both found most commonly in pus. Pseudomonas species was  100% resistant to Penicillin, Amoxycillin and Vancomycin. It was found that Pseudomonas species  was still more than 90% sensitive only to Imipenem. Escherichia coli was more than 80% sensitive to  only Imipenem and Amikacin. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to only Imipenem and Cephalexin.  Conclusion: In this study Pseudomonas species and Escherichia coli are the most common isolated  bacteria in this Institution. Most of the antibiotics are resistant to these two bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12276 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 67-72
Ghost Face on a Left Atrial Thrombus in a Young Lady of Bangladesh ! ! !
Authors: Islam KS , Quashem MA , Shahidullah AYM
Published: October 2012

A 36 years old married female with children from a district of Bangladesh had been suffering from mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation ( AF) with left atrial (LA) thrombus & active pulmonary tuberculosis under anti-TB drugs. She presented with shortness of breath ( SOB), blood mixed sputum & right lower limb pain for 14 days which was later diagnosed as thromboembolism with acute limb ischemia. LA clot was removed by open heart surgery. Three masses of clots were removed, one ball thrombus, another irregular mass taking the shape of LA appendage and the other is a mixture of old and fresh thrombus. Patient underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR). One side of the irregular thrombus showed the impression of a human face (? Ghost). Histopathology confirmed them as thrombi. Patient was discharged home on the 8th post operative day. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12283 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 120-122
A Case of Right Atrial Mass
Authors: Islam AKMM , Begum SA , Majumder AAS
Published: October 2012

Not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12284 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 123-124
Relationship of Blood Glucose Level and Severity of Periodontitis in Patients attended the Outpatient Periodontics Clinic of College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hossain Md Zahid , Fageeh Hammam I , Gader Fadul A , Saleem M Yunis
Published: October 2012

Aims: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed involving   30 patients who attended the College of Dentistry outpatient Periodontics   clinic of King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period of 12th March -12th May, 2011. Methods: Clinical data were recorded from the randomly selected 30 patients where periodontitis was indexed after Loe H: J Periodontol 38 (suppl):610, 1967 and modified from Russel AL: J Dent Res 35:350, 1956. Diabetic conditions were determined by 2 separate fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels determinations [100~125 mg/dL at 8 hours fasting] and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) [140~199 mg/dL at 2 hours after 75-g glucose load]. Results: Among 30 patients, mean age 33}7 (range 18~54) years, males 70% and females 30% were divided into three groups: i) 10 periodontitis patients having diabetes mellitus (DM), ii) 10 non-diabetic periodontitis patients and iii) 10 patients were not suffering from periodontitis or DM as a control group. Results revealed that patients having diabetes had more moderate to severe forms of periodontitis 50% (p<0.05) including type 2 (80%) than type1 (20%) DM, (p<0.05). Similarly, 80% of the periodontitis patients were found suffering from moderate to severe forms of periodontitis (p<0.05) in uncontrolled group (20%) of DM patients. Conclusion: The present study proved a clear relationship with the patients having diabetes and periodontitis including severity of the diseases and glycemic control. Using these results, a greater effort can be made in providing periodontal as well as overall health to the population of at or around of Abha city of Saudi Arabia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12313 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Correlation between Maxillary Canines and Facial Anatomical Landmarks in a Group of Bangladeshi people
Authors: Hossain Sharafat , Islam Kazi Ziaul , Islam KM Mohidul
Published: October 2012

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between maxillary canines and the facial landmarks including interalar width (IAW) and intercommissural width (ICoW) in a group of Bangladeshi people. Materials and methods: One hundred Bangladeshi subjects aged 18~35 years were selected. Irreversible hydrocolloid impression of the upper arch was taken and a cast was poured with dental stone.The interalar width (IAW) and intercommissural width (ICoW) were measured using digital vernier caliper. Intercanine tip (ICTW) and width of the distal surface of the canine (WDC) were measured from the cast using digital caliper. Results: The correlation between ICTW-IAW was 0.246. There was  no correlation between ICTW-ICoW. The correlation between WDCIAW and WDC-ICoW were 0.342 and 0.235 respectively (p< .05). Conclusion: Both interalar width and intercommissural width had a weak correlation with the position of maxillary canine in this Bangladeshi subject group. For the construction of a pleasing and harmonious complete denture esthetic and phonetic outcomes are recommended to be considered in combination with facial landmarks. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12315 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Effect of Curing Time on the Flexural Strength of Heat Cured Acrylic Resin
Authors: Islam Kazi Ziaul , Moral Md Ali Asgor , Rahman Md Mahbubur
Published: October 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the proper curing time and flexural strength of heat cured acrylic resin cured in boiling water at 100°c with time difference and to compare the maximum flexural strength in optimum time. Methods: In this study, 60 heat cured acrylic resin samples were processed with compression moulding technique at 100°c among which each of 20 samples were cured for 20, 40 and 60 minutes separately. Flexural strength of samples was determined by using 3 point bending test by universal testing machine. Data was analyzed using ANOVA test and unpaired t-test. Results: The ANOVA result showed that there was no significant differences among the groups with respect to the mean flexural strength (P>0.05) and unpaired t-test also showed no significant differences among the groups. The mean flexural strength of acrylic resin cured at 100°c with compression moulding technique at 100°c at 20 minutes was 80.09±14.58 MPa, at 40 minutes was 79.71±13.1 MPa and at 60 minutes was 80.76±15.75 MPa. Conclusion: The flexural strength of heat cured acrylic denture base resin cured at 100°c for different period of time (at 20, 40 & 60 minutes) have given no significant differences. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v9i2.12316 City Dental College J. Volume-9, Number-2, July-2012
Spiritual Hierarchy and Gender Hierarchy in Fāṭimid Ismāʿīlī Interpretations of the Qur'an
Authors: Bauer Karen
Published: October 2012

This article describes the relationship between gender hierarchy and spiritual hierarchy in the writings of three Fāṭimid Ismāʿīlī authors: al-Qāḍī al-Nuʿmān (d. 363/974), Jaʿfar b. Manṣūr al-Yaman (d. 380/990) and al-Muʾayyad fī’l-Dīn al-Shīrāzī (d. 470/1078). These authors interpreted references to males and females in the Qur'an as references to spiritual teachers and their students: verses that on the outward (ẓāhir) level speak of the gender hierarchy refer, on the inner (bāṭin) level, to the spiritual hierarchy. We show that, for them, physical gender matters in the physical realm, and a worldly gender hierarchy exists, but physical gender is not always a defining factor in spiritual rankings. We shed light on the way in which these prominent Fāṭimid Ismāʿīlī thinkers view the base physical realm as a symbolic reference to higher spiritual truths, and give examples of the ways in which specific Qur'anic stories, such as that of Adam and Eve, or Joseph and Zulaykha, are interpreted as referring to the male/teacher and female/student relationship in the spiritual hierarchy. We then compare these writings to the specific defence of a female spiritual leader put forth in the Ghayāt al-mawālīd by a slightly later author, al-Khaṭṭāb (d. 533/1138–9).
Water Use and Water-Use Efficiency of Three Perennial Bioenergy Grass Crops in Florida
Authors: Erickson John E. , Soikaew Arkorn , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Bennett Jerry M.
Published: October 2012

Over two-thirds of human water withdrawals are estimated to be used for agricultural production, which is expected to increase as demand for renewable liquid fuels from agricultural crops intensifies. Despite the potential implications of bioenergy crop production on water resources, few data are available on water use of perennial bioenergy grass crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare dry matter yield, water use, and water-use efficiency (WUE) of elephantgrass, energycane, and giant reed, grown under field conditions for two growing seasons in North Central Florida. Using scaled sap flow sensor data, water use ranged from about 850 to 1150 mm during the growing season, and was generally greater for giant reed and less for elephantgrass. Despite similar or greater water use by giant reed, dry biomass yields of 35 to 40 Mg ha−1 were significantly greater for energycane and elephantgrass, resulting in greater WUE. Overall, water use by the bioenergy crops was greater than the rainfall received during the study, indicating that irrigation will be needed in the region to achieve optimal yields. Species differ in water use and WUE and species selection can play an important role with regard to potential consequences for water resources.