bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
N'-(5-bromofuran-2-carbonyl)isonicotinohydrazide
Authors: Ramadhani Ersya Yanu , Aijijiyah Nur Pasca , Santoso Eko , Atmaja Lukman , Santoso Mardi
Published: July 2023

N'-(5-bromofuran-2-carbonyl)isonicotinohydrazide (1) was obtained as a white solid in 83% yield by 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic anhydride (MNBA)/4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-catalyzed reaction of 5-bromofuran-2-carboxylic acid and isoniazid in dichloromethane at room temperature. The structure of N'-(5-bromofuran-2-carbonyl)isonicotinohydrazide (1) was elucidated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and the high resolution mass spectrometers. Molecular docking screening of the title compound (1) on the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein (PDB ID: 5IKR) exhibited that compound (1) has a good binding affinity, suggesting that it is very interesting for further structure optimization and in-depth research as a potential COX-2 inhibitor.
Effects of Abnormal Light/Dark Cycles and Continuous Lighting on Tomato and Eggplant
Authors: Shibaeva Tatjana G. , Mamaev Alexander V. , Sherudilo Elena G. , Ikkonen Elena N. , Titov Alexander F.
Published: July 2023

Response of tomato and eggplant to continuous lighting (CL) and abnormal light/dark (L/D) cycles was studied to elucidate the role of the absence of the dark period in the diurnal cycle in the development of leaf injuries under CL. Four light treatments were set: 16/8 h (control), 24/0 h (CL), 6/6 h, and 24/24 h (abnormal L/D cycles). These light treatments provided average daily light integrals of 17.3, 25.9, 13.0 and 13.0 mol m-2 day-1, respectively. Results of this work have shown that in both tomato and eggplant abnormal L/D cycles caused photoinhibition and leaf injuries similar to those in CL-grown plants. Induced defense mechanisms were not strong enough to contend against oxidative stress caused by light treatments that provided plants with even smaller DLI than 16/8 h photoperiod did. Half time during abnormal L/D cycles were dark periods. Despite these facts, abnormal L/D cycles were injurious. It is concluded that photooxidative stress induced by CL can not be attributed to excessive DLI or the continuity of light itself (the absence of dark periods). Therefore, we believe that the hypothesis suggesting circadian asynchrony to be the main triggering factor of CL-induced leaf injuries is the most plausible among many others proposed.
Overcoming the Fermi-Level Pinning Effect in the Nanoscale Metal and Silicon Interface
Authors: Su Zih-Chun , Lin Ching-Fuh
Published: July 2023

Silicon-based photodetectors, as low-cost and environmentally friendly optical sensors, are attractive. Also, their compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology is advantageous for the development of silicon photonics systems. However, extending optical responsivity of silicon-based photodetectors to the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range remains challenging. In developing mid-IR infrared Schottky detectors, nanoscale metals are critical. Nonetheless, one key factor is the Fermi level pinning effect at the metal/silicon interface and the presence of metal-induced gap states (MIGS). Here, we demonstrate the utilization of the passivated surface layer on semiconductor materials as an insulating material in metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) contacts to mitigate the Fermi level pinning effect. The removal of Fermi level pinning effectively reduces the Schottky barrier height by 12.5% to 16%. The demonstrated devices exhibit a high responsivity of up to 234 μA/W at a wavelength of 2 μm, 48.2 μA/W at 3 μm, and 1.75 μA/W at 6 μm. The corresponding detectivities at 2 and 3 μm are 1.17×10^8 cm Hz^1/2 W^-1 and 2.41×10^7 cm Hz^1/2 W^-1, respectively. The expanded sensing wavelength range contributes to the application development of future silicon photonics integration platforms.
Beyond Information Provision: A Critical Analysis of the Roles of Structure and Agency in Decision-Making about COVID-19 Vaccination in ETHNIC minority Communities and Recommendations for Primary Care
Authors: Poduval Shoba , Kamal Atiya , Martin Sam , Islam Amin , Kaviraj Chandrika , Gill Paramjit
Published: July 2023

People from Black and Asian backgrounds are more likely to die from Covid-19 but less likely to be vaccinated, threatening to exacerbate health inequalities already experienced by ethnic minority groups. Literature suggests that mistrust rooted in structural inequality may be a key barrier to Covid-19 vaccine uptake. We need to better understand how structural inequalities influence vaccine confidence. Understanding and addressing these processes is likely to lead to longer-term impacts than information alone. We draw on health and sociological theories of structure and agency to inform our understanding of structural factors. We conducted qualitative interviews and focus groups with 22 people from London and surrounding areas in December 2021 to March 2022. Fifteen participants were members of the public from ethnic minority backgrounds and 7 were professionals working with the public to address concerns and encourage vaccine uptake. Our findings suggest that people from ethnic minority backgrounds make decisions regarding Covid-19 vaccination based on a combination of how they experience external social structures (including political authority, social positioning and racial inequality) and internal processes (what they believe and understand about Covid-19 vaccines). We may be able to support knowledge accumulation through the provision of reliable and accessible information, particularly through primary and community care. But we recommend a number of changes to research, policy and practice which address structural inequalities. These include working with communities to improve ethnicity data collection, increasing funding allocation to health conditions where ethnic minority communities experience poorer outcomes, greater transparency and public engagement in the vaccine development process, and culturally adapted research recruitment processes.
Psychology in the Age of Technology Dependence and the Mobile Dilemma
Authors: Patil Abhinandan
Published: July 2023

The relationship between child psychology and the widespread usage of mobile devices in the modern day is examined in "The Mobile Dilemma: Child Psychology and the Era of Technological Dependence." The abstract serves as a brief synopsis of the work, highlighting its important ideas and arguments. Concerns concerning the effects of excessive time spent on mobile devices on children's mental health and development have arisen in this age of technology dependency. The essay opens by pointing out the importance of investigating the psychological effects of kids' exposure to mobile gadgets. The effects of mobile phone addiction on learning, memory, and social and emotional health are investigated. The neurodevelopmental implications are explored further in the abstract, with a focus on the impact of mobile technology on brain plasticity and the formation of the developing brain. It offers advice on how to establish appropriate limits for children's screen time, encourages the development of digital literacy, and promotes responsible behavior.The pros and cons of using mobile devices in the classroom are also examined, along with their effects on students' ability to study and the risks and difficulties that could arise from implementing such a strategy. The emotional and social impacts of mobile device addiction are discussed in the abstract. This includes the impact on one's social life, empathy, ability to communicate, and sense of self-worth. The abstract also stresses the importance of interdisciplinary efforts involving parents, teachers, psychologists, and legislators to combat mobile device addiction through intervention and preventative techniques. Future directions are highlighted, with a focus on topics such as mobile technology development, digital well-being, privacy protection, mental health implications, screen time limits, digital literacy, and the impact of cultural and socioeconomic variables.
Food Sources of Animal Protein in Relation to Overall and Cause-specific Mortality – causal Associations or Confounding? An Analyses of the EPIC-Heidelberg Cohort
Authors: Bajracharya Rashmita , Kaaks Rudolf , Katzke Verena
Published: July 2023

Keywords: Red meat; Processed meat; poultry; dairy; mortality
Electron Beam Irradiation Alters the Physicochemical Properties of Chickpea Protein and the Peptidomic Profile of Its Digest
Authors: Zhang Yaqi , Kong Yunfei , Xu Wanjun , Yang Zhen , Bao And Yulong
Published: July 2023

In order to study the effects of irradiation on the physicochemical properties and digestion behavior of chickpea protein, chickpea protein concentrate (CPC) was treated with electron beam irradiation (EBI) at doses of 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy, respectively. After irradiation, protein solubility first increased at 10 kGy and 15 kGy, and then decreased at higher dose of 20 kGy. This was supported by SDS-PAGE where the intensity of major protein bands first increased and then decreased. Increased does of EBI generally led to greater oxidative modification of proteins in CPC, indicated by reduced sulfhydryls and increased carbonyls. In addition, protein structure was modified by EBI shown by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis where α-helix generally decreased and β-sheet increased. Although the protein digestibility was not significantly affected by EBI, the peptidomic analysis of the digests revealed significant difference among CPC irradiated with varying doses. A total of 337 peptides were identified from CPC irradiated with 0 kGy, 10 kGy and 20 kGy, respectively, with 18 overlapping peptides and 60, 29 and 40 peptides specific to the groups of 0, 10 and 20 kGy respectively. Theoretical calculation showed that the distribution of peptide length, hydrophobicity, net charge, and C-terminal residues were affected by irradiation. The 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity showed a marginal decrease with increasing dose of irradiation. In conclusion, EBI led to oxidative modification and structural changes of the chickpea protein, which subsequently affected the physicochemical properties of peptides obtained from in-vitro digestion of CPC despite of similar digestibility.
A Comprehensive Unit-Based Safety Intervention Program for the Prevention of Falls in Hospital
Authors: Krishnasamy Karthikayini , Tan Pin Maw , Zakaria Mohd Idzwan , Chinna Karuthan
Published: July 2023

Background: Falls in hospitalized older patients lead to increased length of stay and poorer discharge outcomes. The Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program (CUSP) represents a quality improvement intervention for patient safety. Objective: To evaluate CUSP implementation for the prevention of falls at a teaching hospital. Method: An interdisciplinary CUSP team, received a four-hour online module and one-day face-to-face training. The intervention was developed using the WHO implementation science plan-do-study-act framework. Process evaluation was conducted using the UK Medical Research Council framework. The primary outcome measure of patient safety culture was determined using the Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ), while annual fall rates were considered the secondary outcome measure. Results: Safety rounds were conducted during the two-year intervention period, each attended by five to eight HCPs, with nine to 29 patients reviewed each month. Risk factors, plans and actions were administered to individual patients, while local issues were identified and resolved through engagement of senior executives. SAQ domains increased from before (n=39) to after (n=30) the intervention of CUSP. Fall rates reduced from 11.18 per 1,000 bed days pre-implementation to zero falls post-implementation. Conclusion: Improvements in patient safety culture were observed after the implementation of CUSP alongside a reduction in fall rates.
Shallot growth and yield supported by irrigation and nitrogen application in utilizing dry land area in Mesuji, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Manik Tumiar Katarina , Timotiwu Paul B. , Mua’ddin Mua’ddin
Published: July 2023

Lampung Province, Indonesia local government intended to extend shallot cultivation in Mesuji Regency, Lampung (-3.86, 105.43). Mesuji has 21,863.5 ha dry land area, with unproductive land of 10,325.6 ha which could be potential for growing shallot. However, horticulture crops such as shallot often face obstacles in dry land since dry land characterized with poor soil nutrient and limited water. The objective of this research are to analyze the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and different irrigation volumes on shallot growth and production, investigate shallot suitability to Mesuji agro-climate, and estimate shallot yield potential in Mesuji. The treatments on factorial split block were: without N, 80 kg N ha-1 , 160 kg N ha-1, and 240 kg N ha-1 and the irrigation levels: 25, 50, 75 and 100% of ETc; ETc is crops evapotranspiration. The Mesuji agro-climate was evaluated using standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the yield was simulated by Aquacrop model. The results showed that the effort of shallots production with a high fresh weight of bulbs and biomass in the Mesuji area requested water at least 75% ETc and N fertilizer doses of 160 kg N ha-1. The SPI indicated near normal condition was more than 65%, and drought existed in a small percentage in both places (a total of 16.9%  for Brebes the centre of shallot production  and 19.43% for Mesuji). The AquaCrop simulation gave a good yield estimation (simulated 19.451 ton ha-1 and observed 17.351 ton ha-1). There is a possibility that shallot will grow well in the Mesuji area even though the quality of the shallot should be further tested.
Study on Laser Scan Strategy for Correcting Anisotropic Residual Stress Distribution and Reducing Warpage in Structures Fabricated by PBF-LB/M
Authors: Ezura Atsushi , Abe Satoshi , Furumoto Tatsuaki , Sasaki Toshihiko , Sakamoto Jiro
Published: July 2023

Metal-based powder bed fusion with a laser beam (PBF-LB/M) can be applied to fabricate high-accuracy structures compared with other metal additive manufacturing (AM) methods. The rapid solidification of metal powder formed by laser irradiation introduces heterogeneous residual stress, which causes deformation and cracking of the structure. This, in turn, results in the deterioration of quality. In this study, the influence of the laser scan strategy on the residual stress distribution and warpage of the structure was investigated. Using maraging steel powder with an average particle size of 32.5 μm, the structures were constructed using several laser scan strategies at a wavelength of 1070 nm. The residual stress distributions on the surface of the structures were measured by the cosα method by applying X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, the warpage of the reverse side of the substrate as a foundation of the structure was measured by a stylus-type surface roughness measuring instrument. The results clarified that the structures constructed by unidirectional scan directions had a tensile residual stress that was generated parallel to the laser scan direction. Meanwhile, the compressive residual stress was generated perpendicular to the laser scan direction. The large warpage was aligned with the laser scan direction and tensile residual stress. When the laser scan direction was rotated by 90° for each layer, the residual stress distribution was generated with a cruciform shape. It was indicated that this residual distribution was caused by a laser scan on the top surface and a lower layer. The anisotropic residual stress distribution and reduction of warpage could be corrected by rotating the laser scan direction by 15° in each layer.
Technique for Introducing Internal Defects with Arbitrary Sizes and Locations in Metals via Additive Manufacturing and Evaluation of Fatigue Properties
Authors: Morishita Kazuyuki , Yamaguchi Taichi , Wada Kentaro , Yamabe Junichiro
Published: July 2023

Mechanical component failure is usually caused by metal fatigue originating from small defects in metallic materials. Thus, it is important to precisely capture the fatigue properties of materials containing small defects. Fatigue tests of materials with artificial surface defects introduced by drilling have been conducted. Using the resulting data, an equation for predicting the material fatigue limit has been proposed on the basis of the √area parameter model, and its effectiveness has been confirmed for various materials. However, for additive manufactured (AM) materials that contain internal defects resulting in failure, controlling the size of the defect where the fracture originates is extremely difficult. Therefore, verification of the predictive ability of the √area parameter model for AM materials is impossible, in contrast with other materials that fail because of surface defects. In this context, developing a technique to intentionally introduce internal defects with arbitrary sizes at arbitrary locations can provide insights that help predict the fatigue limit of AM materials. This study aimed to establish a technology for quantitatively evaluating the effect of internal defects on the fatigue properties of AM materials by introducing internal defects with arbitrary sizes at arbitrary locations via AM. Specimens with different defect sizes and locations were prepared. Prior to the fatigue tests, the defect sizes and locations were measured non-destructively via X-ray computed tomography (CT). The fatigue tests were conducted in air at room temperature. All the specimens failed because of the intentionally introduced internal defects, and the fatigue lives became shorter with increasing defect sizes, except for the specimens with defects adjacent to the surface. In those cases, fatigue cracks easily reached the surface; therefore, the fatigue lives were speculated to be shorter than those of the specimens with the same defect sizes. Moreover, the defect sizes determined from the fracture surfaces by scanning electron microscopy were nearly consistent with those determined by X-ray CT.
THE EFFECT OF FAMILY SOCIAL SUPPORT ON STUDENTS' RESILIENCE WITH SINGLE PARENTS
Authors: Anggraini Agata Christiana , Hasanah Uswatun , Oktaviani Maya
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the impact of family social support on student resilience among single parents. This study is a quantitative associative study that employs a survey method. This study collects data using a social support questionnaire (29 items) and a student resilience questionnaire (51 items). The research sample consisted of 95 students chosen using the purposive sampling technique. They are students who live in East Jakarta with only one parent because of divorce or death. The research data collection period runs from April to July 2022. Test the hypothesis using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation and simple regression. Data analysis reveals that most samples have moderate resilience (37.9%), and most students receive high family social support levels (53.7%). The calculations show that family social support has a 37.7% significant effect on student resilience (p-value = 0.00 < 0.05). According to this study, the greater the student's family social support, the greater the student's resilience, even when they live with only one of their parents.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial keluarga terhadap resiliensi mahasiswa dengan orang tua tunggal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif asosiatif dengan metode survei. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data menggunakan angket dukungan sosial (29 item) dan angket resiliensi mahasiswa (51 item). Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 95 mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian merupakan mahasiswa yang tinggal di Jakarta Timur dengan hanya memiliki satu orang tua karena perceraian atau kematian. Periode pengumpulan data penelitian berlangsung dari bulan April sampai Juli 2022. Uji hipotesis menggunakan Korelasi Pearson Product Moment dan regresi sederhana. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar sampel memiliki resiliensi sedang (37,9%), dan sebagian besar mahasiswa menerima tingkat dukungan sosial keluarga yang tinggi (53,7%). Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial keluarga berpengaruh signifikan sebesar 37,7% terhadap resiliensi mahasiswa (p-value = 0,00 < 0,05). Menurut penelitian ini, semakin besar dukungan sosial yang diberikan oleh keluarga mahasiswa, semakin besar pula resiliensinya, bahkan ketika mereka tinggal hanya dengan salah satu orang tuanya.
Pendampingan Sadar Wisata dan Pembuatan Jalur Interpretasi Wisata Trekking di Desa Sirnajaya, Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat Melalui Program MBKM Membangun Desa Wisata
Authors: Quratuain Maesa
Published: July 2023

Desa Sirnajaya, Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat adalah salah satu destinasi wisata yang menarik untuk dikunjungi. Namun, untuk menjaga kelestarian alam dan budaya setempat, diperlukan tindakan yang tepat agar wisatawan dapat mengunjungi desa tersebut dengan cara yang bertanggung jawab dan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah program pendampingan sadar wisata dan pembuatan jalur interpretasi wisata trekking di Desa Sirnajaya.

Program ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi wisatawan tentang sadar wisata, kearifan lokal, mengajarkan mereka cara menjaga alam dan budaya setempat, serta membuatkan jalur trekking untuk wisatawan. Program pendampingan sadar wisata dimulai dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada masyarakat setempat tentang cara melayani wisatawan dengan baik dan ramah. Selain itu, dibuatlah jalur interpretasi wisata trekking yang melalui rute alam dan budaya setempat.

Program ini diharapkan dapat menjaga kelestarian alam dan budaya setempat serta memberikan pengalaman wisata yang bertanggung jawab dan berkelanjutan bagi wisatawan. Dalam rangka menjaga keberlangsungan program ini, perlu dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi secara berkala.
Pendampingan penyusunan evaluasi pembelajaran bagi guru PPKn SMP di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: Camellia Camellia , Alfiandra Alfiandra , Setyowati Rini , Dianti Puspa
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKKegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk untuk memberikanpengetahuan kepada guru PPKn SMP Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir mengenai perangkatevaluasi pembelajaran dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyusun evaluasipembelajaran sesuai dengan kurikulum tahun 2013 dan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi.Sasaran kegiatan kegiatan yaitu guru yang tergabung dalam musyawarah gurumatapelajaran PPKn SMP. Kegiatan diawali dengan memberikan pretest untuk mengukurpengetahuan awal guru mengenai instrumen evaluasi pembelajaran, kemudianpenyampaian materi evaluasi pembelajaran mata Pelajaran PPKn berbasis keterampilanberpikir tingkat tinggi. Kemudian pemberiaan post test untuk melihat peningkatanpengetahuan guru mengenai instrumen evaluasi pembelajaran. Nilai rata-rata pretest yangdiperoleh guru yaitu 38 dan nilai rata-rata post test adalah 78 dimana terdapat peningkatan0,33%. Kegiatan terakhir adalah pendampingan penyusunan evaluasi pembelajaran dimanaguru diminta membuat produk berupa soal matapelajaran PPKn SMP berbasis keterampilanberpikir tingkat tinggi boleh soal pilihan ganda maupun soal uraian. Berdasarkan produkyang dibuat oleh guru diketahui bahwa kesesuaian dengan indikator pembelajaran 84,4%dengan katagori sangat baik, selanjutnya ketepatan pemilihan kata kerja operasionalberdasarkan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (C4-C6) yaitu 90,37 dengan katagori sangatbaik serta kesesuaian tahapan pembuatan soal berdasarkan keterampilan berpikir tingkattinggi yaitu 91,1 % dengan katagori sangat baik.
POMPA HIDRAM (POMPA AIR TANPA PENGGERAK ENERGI MEKANIK)
Authors: Anwar Irwan , Wardianto Dedi , Afdal Afdal
Published: July 2023

Pompa hidram adalah pompa air dengan memanfaatkan energi potensial (EP = mgh) yang dipunyai oleh air karena ada perbedaan ketinggian letak dengan rumah pompa (elevasi) dan energi kinetik (EK = ½ mV2) yang terjadi ketika air mengalir dari reservoir sumber air di dalam pipa intake menuju rumah pompa hidram sehingga menimbulkan tekanan dinamik air atau palu air (water hammer) sehingga air tersebut dapat dipindah dari permukaan yang lebih tinggi dari rumah pompa (H2 = ± 50 meter s/d 500 meter dari rumah pompa.
Perbedaan elevasi ini minimal ± 1 meter debit air yang dipompakan (minimal) 7 liter tiap menit tergantung pada diameter Æ pompa dan tipe pompa yang dipasang. Secara matematik konstruktif  pemasangan pompa ini standarnya panjang pipa intake (pipa masuk sama dengan 5 s/d 10 kali tinggi terjun air (H1 atau L intake = 5 s/d 10 x H1). H1 = tinggi terjun (vertikal faall) L intake = panjang pipa intake.
PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN MESIN PERAJANG TALAS
Authors: Wardianto Dedi , Hafni Hafni , Hadi Perkasa Mego
Published: July 2023

Mesin perajang talas ini akan bekerja ketika motor listrik dihidupkan maka akan berputar kemudian gerak putar dari mesin ditransmisikan ke pulley dengan menggunakan v-belt untuk menggerakkan poros maka piringan tempat pisau akan berputar dan talas siap untuk dirajang. Setelah talas dirajang maka akan keluar melalui corong. Selama ini industri atau produk-produk mesin industri menunjukkan kemampuan yang sangat pesat, baik dari segi volume maupun segi keragaman produk yang dihasilkan. Perkembangan produk tidak hanya di tandai dengan terpenuhnya kepentingan masyarakat akan produk industri baik skala kecil maupun besar, tetapi juga mengarah ke arah ekspor yang akan meningkatkan devisa bagi negara Indonesia. Komonitas pertanian sangatlah banyak salah satunya adalah talas, dikarenakan musim yang cocok dengan wilayah Indonesia. Dengan perkembangan kemajuan teknologi tepat guna dapat ditemukan alat–alat teknologi yang dapat mengolah hasil tani, jadi dibuatkan lah pemikiran bagaimana meningkatkan dan meringankan pekerjaan atau mengolah hasil panen atau mengolah hasil talas ntuk meningkatkan harga jual yang lebih baik lagi. Tujuan penelitian secara umum yaitu untuk mempermudah pengirisan talas bagi pengusaha keripik terutama keripik talas, dan bisa juga dioperasikan untuk pemotongan atau pengirisan seperti tempe, kentang, ubi-ubian, wortel, dll. Adapun tujuan khusus untuk pembuatan alat ini adalah Mengetahui kapasitas alat perajang talas, Mengetahui komponen-komponen yang ada pada alat perajang talas dan Menganalisa hasil potongan alat perajang talas. Dari pembuatan alat dapat diambil kesimpulan Alat perajang talas ini dioperasikan secara semi otomatis dengan menggunakan motor listrik. Metode perajangan mesin ini adalah perajangan tunggal dengan 1 jenis pisau yang memotong talas secara berkesinambungan. Desain mesin perajang talas ini membutuhkan daya dari motor listrik sebesar ¾ HP. Kapasitas efektif alat yang diperoleh mesin perajang talas yaitu 33,3 gr/s.
PENGUJIAN TURBIN ANGIN DENGAN VARIASI KECEPATAN ANGIN, PUTARAN MOTOR DAN PUTARAN GENERATOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEROWONGAN ANGIN JENIS HORIZONTAL 3 BLADE
Authors: Sulaiman Sulaiman , Gunawan April
Published: July 2023

Wind tunnel (Terowongan)  angin  adalah peralatan uji berstruktur tabung dimana udara dipaksa melaju dengan sangat kencang yang mana untuk mempelajari efek aliranaerodinamis pada suatu objek benda, untuk melakukan pengujian menggunakan blade yang mana angin yang dipakai dengan kecepatan 3,4,5 dan 6 m/s. jenis blade dengan bahan kayu pinus, dengan Naca 4412, blade Naca 4412 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 30%, blade Naca 4412 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber gllas 18% + serabut kelapa 12%, blade Naca 4712 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 18% + serabut kelapa 12% dan blade Naca 5513 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 18% + serabut kelapa 12%,  Jenis Blade resin epoksi + fiber glass + coir Naca 4412 blade yang paling tinggi putarannya dibandingkan jenis blade yang lainnya yang telah di uji,dimana putaran generator pada kecepatan angin 3 m/s putaran generaotor yang telah di hitung rata-rata nya mencapai 545.29 Rpm, kecepatan angin 4 m/s putaran generator 708.9 Rpm, pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s putaran generator 928.94 Rpm, dan pada kecepatan angin 6 m/s putaran generator 928.94 Rpm.
Man Sure Passes Away but Memories and Ideas Remain
Authors:   Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Neurospinal & Medical Institute, Karachi, Pakistan, Kamal Shahid
Published: July 2023

It is just over a year when the medical and scientist community lost a beloved and respected icon, my friend Prof. Dr. Tahir Sultan Shamsi (Late). Held in admiration and loved by all of us, this kind and humble doctor treated patients, colleagues, students with compassion and expertise. He was truly adored and trusted by all. He started his early carrier in Pakistan as Consultant Hematologist at SIUT and Ziauddin Hospital to eventually begin to lay the ground work for setting up NIBD from few rooms to the first class institute that it evolved into in his later years. He continued his services as Consultant Hematologist & Transplant Physician, Medical Director and Professor of Hematology, at the National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplantation till the end. Under his dynamic leadership NIBD flourished and metamorphosed into a world class institute for blood diseases and BMT that served all regardless of their financial background, with Prof. Dr. Tahir Sultan Shamsi (Late) arranging funds from public and private sources to ensure that no one suffered. A supremely gifted researcher (229 publications, 133 abstracts, author and contributor of 29 books with an impressive impact factor of 473.345), he spearheaded a dynamic teaching and training program for Post Graduate doctors, nurses and technicians. He supervised 30 FCPS fellows, 15 BMT and 5 Pediatric Hematologist fellows apart from half a dozen PhD fellows. This skilled resource triggered a multiplier effect of setting up BMT in other institutes in Pakistan – a notable change indeed. Member of various scientific and social bodies and on editorial board of various journals, Prof. Dr. Tahir Sultan Shamsi (Late) launched the National Journal of Health Sciences (NJHS) and worked tirelessly to facilitate research and raise standards. It is only his legacy and vision that the Journal is not only recognized by different international indexing agencies and has now been accredited by the Higher Education Commission (HEC). The editorial board is indebted to our dear friend and colleague Prof. Dr. Tahir Sultan Shamsi (Late) and would Insha’Allah endeavor to continue in the guiding path set by him. May God bless Him.
Clinical Overview of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients with Myocardial Perfusion Defect
Authors:   Department of Chest Diseases, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Afsin Emine , Afsin Hamdi ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Background: Increased hospitalization and death rates up to 2-3 times greater due to cardiovascular diseases have been reported in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) cases. Inflammation, neurohumoral activation, and increased oxidative stress are involved in the etiopathogenesis of both disease groups. Objective: The study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the patients with COPD with perfusion defects (ischemia/infarct) in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and investigate the clinical features of these patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with COPD were included in the study by examining the files of 196 patients who had perfusion defects by performing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) in the Nuclear Medicine Clinic of our hospital between January 2019-2021. Demographic data, comorbidities, areas of involvement in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, pulmonary function test (PFT), smoking history, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) score, pulse oxygen saturation, and echocardiography (ECHO) data were recorded. Results: COPD was detected in 6 (3%) of 196 patients. All of these cases were male and the age range was 67.2 ± 7.4 years. All 6 cases were male, and the mean age was 67.2 ± 7.4 years. They all had a history of heavy smoking (52.5 ± 30.9 packs/year). The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 49.6 ± 8.9%, and pulse oxygen saturation was 93.2 ± 3.3%. In ECHO, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPs) was higher than normal in 2 patients; one had advanced mitral insufficiency and heart failure. In the MPS of 4 patients, an infarct was observed in the area supplied by the right coronary artery (RCA). While there was no comorbid disease in 2 patients, comorbid diseases were present in 4. There was no significant difference between the non-COPD group and the COPD group in terms of age and gender. In the non-COPD group, the most common LAD localized defect (35.3%) and RCA localized defect (23.2%) were detected, while the most common RCA defect (50%) was found in the COPD group. However, it was not statistically significant due to the small sample size. Conclusion: In COPD cases, it was determined that infarct developed in the male gender, advanced age and advanced stage, and especially in the area fed with RCA if exposed to heavy smoking. It is considered that the ischemic changes observed in RCA in COPD may have a role in the development of right heart failure.
Role of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Patients with Recurrent Prostate Cancer and its Comparison with Serum PSA Levels and Gleason Scores
Authors:   Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi,  Pakistan., Amin Syed Rashid-ul- , Hai Abdul ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi,  Pakistan., Ali Haider ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi,  Pakistan., Niamatullah Najeeb ,   Department of Oncology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan., Hashmi Altaf ,   Department of Urology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Background: Biochemical recurrence is seen in 27–53% of carcinoma prostate patients after treatment. GS (Gleason score) and baseline PSA level are a predictor of recurrence. Post- treatment persistent rising PSA levels represent the recurrence and PSMA labelled PET-CT is an important part of imaging workup in these patients. Objective: To detect the relationship between PSA levels and Gleason score in patients investigated for Gallium-PSMA-11 fused molecular imaging in biochemical recurrent carcinoma prostate. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at S.I.U.T Karachi. PSMA-PET/CT scans (September 2017-January 2022) of the patient who had a biochemical recurrence and not receiving any cancer-specific treatment at least 4 weeks prior scan were included. PSA level from lab reports and GS from the histopathological reports was recorded. Biochemical recurrence were defined as when PSA level > 0.4ng/ml (post-prostatectomy) or >2.0 ng/ml higher than the nadir value after radiotherapy. PET/CT scans of 106 included patients were interpreted by the nuclear physician and radiologist team. SUVmax ≥ 2.5 was considered positive for recurrence. Local recurrences, lymphnodal, osseous, and visceral metastasis were documented. Statistical analysis was done by utilizing IBM SPSS software (version 22.0). Results: In 88 of 106 patients (83%), Gallium-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan detected at least one lesion characteristic of recurrent PCa. The median PSA level was 12.1 (.01-892.0) ng/dl. In relating PSA value, it was noted that there was a significant difference between lesion positive and negative PSMA-11 labelled Ga-68 PET/CT scan but not statically significant for GS. Local recurrences were seen in 70 patients, whereas lymph node and osseous metastases were noted in 64 and 52 scans respectively. A PSA value of 0.68 ng/ml was determined by utilizing the ROC curve with an AUC of 0.924 (95% CI 0.86-0.98) and will likely predict the positive/negative PSMA-11 Gallium PET/CT scan. Conclusion: Raised PSA level may predict the possibility of a positive Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan but there was no relationship noted between GS and Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT findings.
Frequency and Etiology of Pediatric Trauma, Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Surgery, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan., Bashir Muhammad Kashif , Ishtiaq Aisha ,   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Bashir Shazia ,   Department of Trauma and Rehabilitation, Nasjon University of Health and Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Objectives: To determine etiology and spectrum of trauma in children and to make recommendations for its prevention. Materials and Methods: This Hospital based Retrospective observational study was conducted in Department of Pediatric Surgery King Edward Medical University / Mayo Hospital Lahore from March 2021 to February 2022. All patients presented in Pediatric Surgical emergency King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore were included in this study. Data regarding age, gender, mechanism and severity of trauma and its management was analyzed and recorded on a prescribed Performa. Results: During the study period a total of 3850 patients having trauma were presented in pediatric surgical emergency. There were 2206 (57.3%) male patients and 1644 (42.7%) females with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. Majority of children affected were 8 to 10 years age. Burn trauma was noted in 2400 (62.3%) while 1450 (37.7%) patients have poly trauma due to different etiological factors. Regarding burn trauma, majority of patients 1620 (67.5%) were having scald burn injury. Pedestrians 260 (17.9%) hitting with motor vehicle was noted to be major mechanism of trauma. Conclusion: Motor vehicle collision is most common mechanism of pediatric trauma after pediatric burn injury. There is a need for parental education and strict implementation of traffic laws to prevent trauma at pediatric age group.
Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Rare but Important Auto-Immune Cause of Encephalitis
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Ghoauri Muhammad Sohail Ajmal , Butt Nauman Ismat ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medical College, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan., Javed Muhammad Umair ,   Department of Pulmonology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Rasheed Muhammad Bilal ,   Department of Medicine & Allied, Azra Naheed Medical College, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan., Luqman Shoaib ,   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan., Ali Sabir ,   Department of Neurology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: A previously healthy 30-year old lady presented with 1-day history of high grade fever and drowsiness. Five days prior to presentation, she developed insomnia and visual hallucinations of seeing unknown faces. Three days prior to presentation, she suffered from 5 episodes of generalized tonic colonic fits. On admission, she had a temperature of 102oF and GCS of 10/15 with no signs of meningeal irritation, no focal neurological deficit, normal deep tendon reflexes and down-going plantar reflex bilaterally. Her brain MRI scan showed mild hyper-intense signals in right cerebellum. Her CSF was tested for Anti-NMDA receptor antibodies which were positive. She was diagnosed as having Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis and started on immediate Plasma Exchange with drastic improvement.
Amelogenesis imperfecta. Case report
Authors: Herrera-Rojas Nicole Alessandra , Perona-Miguel de Priego Guido Alberto
Published: July 2023

The main origin of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a genetic alteration inherited by a family member which affects the dental enamel of the teeth of a person with this condition in various ways. The present clinical case from the Teaching Dental Clinic of the Peruvian University Cayetano Heredia is of a 6-year 5-month-old male child who came to the dental office accompanied by his father and 8-year-old sister, diagnosed with the same AI condition. The comprehensive treatment proposed for this patient was determined by radiographic and clinical examinations and consultations with specialists in different areas. The purpose of this publication was to report a case and describe possible clinical approaches.
Characterization of migration of organic contaminants within the groundwater polluted by underground coal gasification
Authors: Wang Fan , Chen Lunjian , Xu Bing , Ma Jiao , Xing Baolin , Su Faqiang , Shi Changliang
Published: July 2023

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a promising technology, but the groundwater pollution caused by UCG is a potential risk to the environment. The measured results of the stratum in the combustion cavity resulting from UCG had proved that the combustion cavity would be filled with some UCG residues and caving rocks when UCG was finished. The pollutants in underground water around the combustion cavity include organic pollutants, inorganic pollutants, and ammonia nitrogen, and one of primary organic pollutants is phenol. The migration and diffusion characteristics of organic pollutant (taking phenol as representative) in the groundwater of the combustion cavity was investigated by breakthrough experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the hydraulic conductivity of the coarse UCG residues is much than that of fine residues, and the hydraulic conductivity of the UCG residues with the size of -0.15 mm and 0.15–0.3 mm are 4.68×10− 6 m/s and 1.91×10− 4 m/s respectively. The dispersivity λ for the migration of organic pollutants will be influenced significantly by the size of UCG residues in fractures of the combustion cavity, while the distribution coefficient Kd will not. The dispersivity of organic pollutants in the fine UCG residues is more significant than that in the coarse residues, and the λ for the two kinds of residues are 3.868 and 1.765 cm, respectively. The shape of the migration path slightly affects the pollutant concentration distribution along the path, but the width of a path has a more pronounced influence on the concentration distribution. In this research, the influence was formulated by a new technical term, MPWIT related to transverse dispersion. Specifically, while the transverse dispersion values account for 20 and 10% of the longitudinal dispersion respectively the corresponding MPWIT values are 39.48 and 33.96 mm.
The Effect of Financial Development on Environmental Quality: A Developing Country Evidence
Authors: Wijethunga Ambepitiya Wijethunga Gamage Champa Nilanthi , Rahman Mohammad Mafizur , Dayaratne Debaherage Athula Indunil
Published: July 2023

Financial development is vital to enhance the inclusive growth of a country in the modern world, and environmental quality, affected by financial development, is also a highly debated topic. Thus, this study attempts to investigate the role of financial development in determining environmental quality in Sri Lanka considering other variables namely economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, and foreign direct investments. The key econometric tool used for the purpose is the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) approach with the data from 1992–2021. As per the findings, financial development, economic growth, energy consumption, and foreign direct investments adversely impact environmental quality in the long run and short run. Additionally, trade openness established a negative impact in the short run only. Importantly, the Environmental Kuznets’ Curve hypothesis and Pollution Haven Hypothesis are established. Finally, all variables except trade openness confirmed a unidirectional causal relationship with environmental quality. This study recommends that all the modelled variables are vital to enrich the environmental quality in Sri Lanka.
Deep Learning of Cell Spatial Organizations Identifies Clinically Relevant Insights in Tissue Images
Authors: Xiao Guanghua , Wang Shidan , Rong Ruichen , Yang Donghan , Zhang Xinyi , Zhan Xiaowei , Bishop Justin , Wilhelm Clare , Zhang Siyuan , Pickering Curtis , Kris Mark , Minna John , Xie Yang
Published: July 2023

Recent advancements in tissue imaging techniques have facilitated the visualization and identification of various cell types within physiological and pathological contexts. Despite the emergence of cell-cell interaction studies, there is a lack of methods for evaluating individual spatial interactions. In this study, we introduce Ceograph, a novel cell spatial organization-based graph convolutional network designed to analyze cell spatial organization (i.e. the cell spatial distribution, morphology, proximity, and interactions) derived from pathology images. Ceograph identifies key cell spatial organization features by accurately predicting their influence on patient clinical outcomes. In patients with oral potentially malignant disorders, our model highlights reduced structural concordance and increased closeness in epithelial substrata as driving features for an elevated risk of malignant transformation. In lung cancer patients, Ceograph detects elongated tumor nuclei and diminished stroma-stroma closeness as biomarkers for insensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. With its potential to predict various clinical outcomes, Ceograph offers a deeper understanding of biological processes and supports the development of personalized therapeutic strategies.
Understanding the difference, makes the difference:Perceptions of Black and Minoritised Ethnic Occupational Therapists on mentoring.
Authors: Atwal Anita , Elizabeth Mckay , Sri vimal
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
The need for social justice is ingrained in occupational therapy. Black and Minoritised Ethnicity (BME) occupational therapists face lower career progression opportunities and mentoring is one possible intervention that may offer support. BME persons may have different expectations and experiences from their mentor, and research exploring their perceptions of mentoring is important. The aim of this research is to learn about BME occupational therapists' experiences and perceptions of mentoring for career progression.
Methods:
Four online focus groups involving 19 participants were held, discussions were facilitated by researchers using a topic guide. Participants responses were analysed, and codes were brought together to create Themes including career progression and role models, mentoring relationship, similarity with the mentor and outcomes from mentoring.
Results:
The study highlighted that trust is integral to effective mentoring relationships and BME OTs want mentors who they can trust with their experiences and stories. Compatibility between mentors and mentees in terms of personality, values, and working styles is crucial for effective mentoring relationships. Providing opportunities for networking, acknowledging good work and giving permission were all seen as outcomes from good mentoring. The absence of BME role models and ingroup bias were also reported as issues to be addressed.
Conclusion:
This study explores the perception of mentorship as a mechanism for career advancement in Occupational Therapists from BME backgrounds, with these results transferable to other health and care professional groups. We recommend the creation of a mentoring charter for BME healthcare workers to ensure that those from BME backgrounds feel supported, mentored, and provided with equitable access to resources, including adequate mentoring and networking opportunities.