bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibrational anisotropy of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH single crystals as probed by nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
Authors: Buchen Johannes , Sturhahn Wolfgang , Ishii Takayuki , Jackson Jennifer M.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The formation of high-pressure oxyhydroxide phases spanned by the components AlOOH–FeOOH–MgSiO2(OH)2 in experiments suggests their capability to retain hydrogen in Earth's lower mantle. Understanding the vibrational properties of high-pressure phases provides the basis for assessing their thermal properties, which are required to compute phase diagrams and physical properties. Vibrational properties can be highly anisotropic, in particular for materials with crystal structures of low symmetry that contain directed structural groups or components. We used nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) to probe lattice vibrations that involve motions of 57Fe atoms in δ-(Al0.87Fe0.13)OOH single crystals. From the recorded single-crystal NRIXS spectra, we calculated projections of the partial phonon density of states along different crystallographic directions. To describe the anisotropy of central vibrational properties, we define and derive tensors for the partial phonon density of states, the Lamb–Mössbauer factor, the mean kinetic energy per vibrational mode, and the mean force constant of 57Fe atoms. We further show how the anisotropy of the Lamb–Mössbauer factor can be translated into anisotropic displacement parameters for 57Fe atoms and relate our findings on vibrational anisotropy to the crystal structure of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH. As a potential application of single-crystal NRIXS at high pressures, we discuss the evaluation of anisotropic thermal stresses in the context of elastic geobarometry for mineral inclusions. Our results on single crystals of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH demonstrate the sensitivity of NRIXS to vibrational anisotropy and provide an in-depth description of the vibrational behavior of Fe3+ cations in a crystal structure that may motivate future applications of NRIXS to study anisotropic vibrational properties of minerals.
An iterative process for efficient optimisation of parameters in geoscientific models: a demonstration using the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) version 0.7.3
Authors: Phipps Steven J. , Roberts Jason L. , King Matt A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Physical processes within geoscientific models are sometimes described by
simplified schemes known as parameterisations. The values of the parameters
within these schemes can be poorly constrained by theory or
observation. Uncertainty in the parameter values translates into uncertainty
in the outputs of the models. Proper quantification of the uncertainty in
model predictions therefore requires a systematic approach for sampling
parameter space. In this study, we develop a simple and efficient approach to
identify regions of multi-dimensional parameter space that are consistent with
observations. Using the Parallel Ice Sheet Model to simulate the present-day
state of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, we find that co-dependencies between
parameters preclude any simple identification of a single optimal set of
parameter values. Approaches such as large ensemble modelling are therefore
required in order to generate model predictions that incorporate proper
quantification of the uncertainty arising from the parameterisation of
physical processes.
Blockworlds 0.1.0: A demonstration of anti-aliased geophysics for probabilistic inversions of implicit and kinematic geological models
Authors: Scalzo Richard , Lindsay Mark , Jessell Mark , Pirot Guillaume , Giraud Jeremie , Cripps Edward , Cripps Sally
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Parametric geological models such as implicit or kinematic models provide low-dimensional, interpretable representations of 3-D geological structures. Combining these models with geophysical data in a probabilistic joint inversion framework provides an opportunity to directly quantify uncertainty in geological interpretations. For best results, the projection of the geological parameter space onto the finite-resolution discrete basis of the geophysical calculation must be faithful within the power of the data to discriminate. We show that naively exporting voxelised geology as done in commonly used geological modeling tools can easily produce a poor approximation to the true geophysical likelihood, degrading posterior inference for structural parameters. We then demonstrate a numerical forward-modeling scheme for calculating anti-aliased rock properties on regular meshes for use with gravity and magnetic sensors. Finally, we explore anti-aliasing in the context of a kinematic forward model for simple tectonic histories, showing its impact on the structure of the geophysical likelihood for gravity anomaly.
Training a supermodel with noisy and sparse observations: a case study with CPT and the synch rule on SPEEDO - v.1
Authors: Schevenhoven Francine Janneke , Carrassi Alberto
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In alternative to using the standard multi-model ensemble (MME) approach to combine the output of different models to improve prediction skill, models can also be combined dynamically to form a so-called supermodel. The supermodel approach allows for a quicker correction of the model errors. In this study we focus on weighted supermodels, in which the supermodel state is a weighted superposition of different imperfect model states. The estimation, “the training”, of the optimal weights of this combination is a critical aspect in the construction of a supermodel. In our previous works two algorithms were developed: (i) cross pollination in time (CPT-based technique), and, (ii) a synchronization based learning rule (synch rule). Those algorithms have been so far applied under the assumption of complete and noise-free observations. Here we go beyond and consider the more realistic case of noisy data that do not cover the full system's state and are not taken at each model's computational time step. We revise the training methods to cope with this observational scenario, while still being able to estimate accurate weights. In the synch rule an additional term is introduced to maintain physical balances, while in CPT nudging terms are added to let the models stay closer to the observations during training. Furthermore, we propose a novel formulation of the CPT method allowing for the weights to be negative. This makes it possible for CPT to deal with cases in which the individual model biases have the same sign, a situation that hampers constructing a skilful weighted supermodel based on positive weights. With these developments, both CPT and the synch rule have been made suitable to train a supermodel consisting of state-of-the-art weather or climate models.
Temporal downscaling of precipitation time-series projections to forecast green roofs future detention performance
Authors: Pons Vincent , Benestad Rasmus , Sivertsen Edvard , Muthanna Tone Merete , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A strategy to simulate rainfall by the means of different Multiplicative random Cascades (MRC) was developed to evaluate their applicability to produce inputs for green roof infrastructures models taking into account climate change. The MRC reproduce a (multi)fractal distribution of precipitation through an iterative and multiplicative random process. The initial model was improved with a temperature dependency and an additional function to improve its capability to reproduce the temporal structure of rainfall. The structure of the models with depth and temperature dependency was found to be applicable in eight locations studied across Norway (N) and France (F). The resulting time-series from both reference period and projection based on RCP 8.5 were applied to two green roofs (GR) with different properties. The different models lead to a slight change in the performance of GR, but this was not significant compared to the range of outcomes due to ensemble uncertainty in climate modelling and the stochastic uncertainty due to nature of the process. The moderating effect of the green infrastructure was found to decrease in most of the Norwegian cities, especially Bergen (N), while increasing in Lyon (F).
Quantification of meteorological conditions for rockfall triggers in Central Europe
Authors: Nissen Katrin M. , Rupp Stefan , Kreuzer Thomas M. , Guse Björn , Damm Bodo , Ulbrich Uwe
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A rockfall dataset for Germany is analysed with the objective of identifying the meteorological and hydrological (pre-) conditions that change the probability for such events in Central Europe. The factors investigated in the analysis are precipitation amount and intensity, freeze-thawing cycles as well as sub-surface moisture. As there is no suitable observational dataset for all relevant sub-surface moisture types (e.g. water in rock pores and cleft water) available, simulated soil moisture and parameterised pore water are tested as substitutes. The potential triggering factors were analysed both for the day of the event as well as for the days leading up to the event. It is found that the most important factor influencing rockfall probability in the research area is precipitation amount at the day of the event but the water content of the ground on that day and freeze-thawing cycles in the days prior to the event also influence the hazard probability. Comparing results with simulated soil moisture and parameterised pore water revealed that precipitation minus potential evaporation evaluated for a weekly period performs well as a proxy for the relevant sub-surface moisture types. A logistic regression model was built, which considers individual potential triggering factors as well as their interactions. Using this model the effects of meteorological conditions on rockfall probability in the Central European low mountain ranges can be quantified. The model suggests that precipitation is most efficient, when the moisture content of the ground is high. An increase of daily precipitation from its local 50th percentile to its 90th percentile approximately doubles the probability for a rockfall event under median sub-surface moisture conditions. When the moisture content of the ground is at its 95th percentile the same increase in precipitation leads to a four-fold increase in rockfall probability. The occurrence of a freeze-thaw cycle in the preceding days can further increase the rockfall hazard. The most critical combination can be expected in the winter season after a freeze-thaw transition which is followed by a day with high precipitation amounts and takes place in a region preconditioned by a high level of sub-surface moisture.
Crustal structure of the Volgo-Uralian subcraton revealed by inverse and forward gravity modeling
Authors: Ognev Igor , Ebbing Jörg , Haas Peter
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Volgo-Uralia is a Neoarchean easternmost part of the East European craton. Recent seismic studies of the Volgo-Uralian region provided new insights into the crustal structure of this area. In this study, we combine satellite gravity and seismic data in a common workflow to perform a complex study of Volgo-Uralian crustal structure which is useful for further basin analysis of the area. In this light, a new crustal model of the Volgo-Uralian subcraton is presented from a step-wise approach: (1) inverse gravity modeling followed by (2) 3D forward gravity modeling. First, inversion of satellite gravity gradient data was applied to determine the Moho depth for the area. Density contrasts between crust and mantle were varied laterally according to the tectonic units present in the region, and the model is constrained by the available active seismic data. The Moho discontinuity obtained from the gravity inversion was consequently modified and complemented in order to define a complete 3D crustal model by adding information on the sedimentary cover, upper crust, lower crust, and lithospheric mantle layers in the process of forward gravity modeling where both seismic and gravity constraints were respected. The obtained model shows crustal thickness variations from 32 to more than 55 km in certain areas. The thinnest crust with a thickness below 40 km is found beneath the Pericaspian basin, which is covered by a thick sedimentary layer. The thickest crust is located underneath the Ural Mountains as well as in the center of the Volga-Uralian subcraton. In both areas the crustal thickness exceeds 50 km. At the same time, initial forward gravity modeling has shown a gravity misfit of ca. 95 mGal between the measured Bouguer gravity anomaly and the forward calculated gravity field in the central area of the Volga-Uralian subcraton. This misfit was interpreted and modeled as a high-density lower crust which possibly represents underplated material. Our preferred crustal model of the Volga-Uralian subcraton respects the gravity and seismic constraints and reflects the main geological features of the region with Moho thickening in the cratons and under the Ural Mountains and thinning along the Paleoproterozoic rifts, Pericaspian sedimentary basin, and Pre-Urals foredeep.
Modelling the effect of catena position and hydrology on soil chemical weathering
Authors: García-Gamero Vanesa , Vanwalleghem Tom , Peña Adolfo , Román-Sánchez Andrea , Finke Peter A.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The sensitivity of chemical weathering to climatic and erosional forcing is well established at regional scales. However, soil formation is known to vary strongly along catenas where topography, hydrology, and vegetation cause differences in soil properties and possibly chemical weathering. This study applies the SoilGen model to evaluate the link between topographic position and hydrology with the chemical weathering of soil profiles on a north-south catena in southern Spain. Pedogenesis was measured and simulated in seven selected locations over a 20000-year period. A good correspondence between simulated and measured chemical depletion fraction (CDF) was obtained (R2 = 0.47). An important variation in CDF values along the catena was observed, although the position along the catena alone, nor by the slope gradient, explained this variation well. However, the hydrological variables explained the observed trends better. A positive trend between CDF data and soil moisture and infiltration and a negative trend with water residence time was found. The model sensitivity was evaluated with a large precipitation gradient (200–1200 mm yr−1). While a marked depth gradient was obtained for CDF with precipitation up to 800 mm yr−1, a uniform depth distribution was obtained with precipitation above 800 mm yr−1. The basic pattern for the response of chemical weathering to precipitation is a unimodal curve, with a maximum around a mean annual precipitation value of 800 mm yr−1. Interestingly, this corroborates similar findings on the relation of other soil properties to precipitation and should be explored in further research.
Overestimation and Adjustment of Antarctic Ice Flow Velocity Fields Reconstructed from Historical Satellite Imagery
Authors: Li Rongxing , Cheng Yuan , Cui Haotian , Xia Menglian , Yuan Xiaohan , Li Zhen , Qiao Gang
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Antarctic ice velocity maps describe the ice flow dynamics of the ice sheet and are one of the primary components used to estimate the Antarctic mass balance and contribution to global sea level changes. In comparison to velocity maps covering monthly to weekly time spans derived from the images of optical imaging satellites taken in recent decades, historical maps, from before the 1990s, generally cover longer time spans, e.g., over 10 years, due to the scarce spatial and temporal coverage of earlier satellite image data. We found velocity overestimations in such long-term maps that can reach from ~69 m a−1 (7-year span) in Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, up to ~930 m a−1 (10-year span) in Pine Island, West Antarctica. We propose an innovative Lagrangian velocity-based method for overestimation correction without the use of field observations or additional image data. The method is validated by using a set of “ground truth” velocity maps for Totten Glacier which are produced from high-quality Landsat 8 images from 2013 to 2020. Subsequently, the validated method is applied to a historical velocity map of the David Glacier region from images from 1972–1989 acquired during Landsat 1, 4 and 5 satellite missions. It is demonstrated that velocity overestimations of up to 39 m a−1 for David Glacier and 69 m a−1 for Totten Glacier can be effectively corrected. Furthermore, temporal acceleration information, e.g., on calving events, is preserved in the corrected velocity maps and can be used for long-term ice flow dynamics analysis. We recommend that overestimations of more than the velocity mapping uncertainty (1σ) be corrected. This velocity overestimation correction method can be applied to the production of regional and ice sheet-wide historical velocity maps from long-term satellite images.
Optimal closed-loop wake steering, Part 2: Diurnal cycle atmospheric boundary layer conditions
Authors: Howland Michael F. , Ghate Aditya S. , Quesada Jesus Bas , Pena Martinez Juan Jose , Zhong Wei , Larranaga Felipe Palou , Lele Sanjiva K. , Dabiri John O.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The magnitude of wake interactions between individual wind turbines depends on the atmospheric stability. We investigate strategies for wake loss mitigation through the use of closed-loop wake steering using large eddy simulations of the diurnal cycle, where variations in the surface heat flux in time modify the atmospheric stability, wind speed and direction, shear, turbulence, and other atmospheric boundary layer flow (ABL) features. The closed-loop wake steering control methodology developed in Part 1 (Howland et al., Wind Energy Science, 2020, 5, 1315–1338) is implemented in an eight turbine wind farm in large eddy simulations of the diurnal cycle. The optimal yaw misalignment set-points depend on the wind direction, which varies in time during the diurnal cycle. To improve the application of wake steering control in transient ABL conditions with an evolving mean flow state, we develop a regression-based wind direction forecast method. We compare the closed-loop wake steering control methodology to baseline yaw aligned control and open-loop lookup table control for various selections of the yaw misalignment set-point update frequency, which dictates the balance between wind direction tracking and yaw activity. Closed-loop wake steering with set-point optimization under uncertainty results in higher collective energy production than both baseline yaw aligned control and open-loop lookup table control. The increase in wind farm energy production for closed- and open-loop wake steering control compared to baseline yaw aligned control, is 4.0–4.1 % and 3.4–3.8 %, respectively, with the range indicating variations in the energy increase results depending on the set-point update frequency. The primary energy increases through wake steering occur during stable ABL conditions. Open-loop lookup table control decreases energy production in the convective ABL conditions simulated, compared to baseline yaw aligned control, while closed-loop control increases energy production in convective conditions.
Dados abertos e ciência aberta: como as universidades federais brasileiras se apresentam nesse horizonte
Authors: Santos Ana Cristina Gomes , Freitas Judite Antonieta Gonçalves de
Published: August 2021

Objetivo. O presente estudo visa identificar as universidades federais brasileiras que já implantaram a Política Brasileira de Dados Abertos a partir do decreto n. 8.777/2016, quantas já estão com dados abertos no portal nacional, e, quais critérios estão seguindo para construção de seus Planos de Dados Abertos (PDA), se há indicação de evolução para Ciência Aberta, vertente da transparência pública que está comprometida com a divulgação de dados das pesquisas desenvolvidas nas instituições acadêmicas no Brasil.Método. A investigação assentou na pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científicos de referência sobre o tema e as técnicas de análise documental para estudo dos planos de dados abertos disponíveis no portal de dados (dados.gov.br) para identificar que tipo de informações as universidades estão disponibilizando. Resultados. De acordo com os resultados, foi possível constatar que há dificuldades por parte das instituições em cumprir com a política nacional uma vez que apenas 42% das universidades públicas brasileiras já estão com dados no portal. Em algumas delas, identifica-se que o cronograma de abertura dos dados não foi colocado em prática em sua totalidade, a maioria 58% ainda não atendem o que preconiza a política.Conclusões. O indicador de mais da metade das universidades fora do portal de dados nacional aponta que os objetivo da política comprometem a transparência pública dessas organizações. Na perspectiva de encontrar nos PDAs informação que indicassem a evolução da divulgação de Dados Abertos para a Ciência Aberta não foi possível identificar nenhuma informação para essa evolução na transparência das instituições, sugere-se um estudo aprofundado sobre esse tema em todas as universidades federais brasileiras.
The rise and fall of MasterChef magazine: An object biography
Authors: Brien Donna Lee
Published: August 2021

One of the most high-profile recent entrants into the competitive and lucrative field of

Australian special interest magazines was MasterChef magazine, which ran from May

2010 until November 2012. MasterChef magazine was a component of a selfreferential

group of media products that spun off the eponymously-named television

series in Australia which, premiering in 2009, itself developed from a suite of British

television programs and associated media that has been expanding and morphing since

1. 1990. This article presents a biographical history of MasterChef magazine, focusing on

an account of the magazine’s genesis, development, growth and demise. It offers a

preliminary survey of its covers, content and writers, and begins to outline its

relationship to a range of other MasterChef related media, with particular reference to

other publications. It also describes the role MasterChef magazine plays in the highly

branded contemporary culinary media environment and suggests areas for future

research.
To ‘shift into the eye sockets of the people in the story’: Teaching magazine feature writing through literary journalism
Authors: Lee Carolyne , Martin Jennifer
Published: August 2021

In a postgraduate writing subject in a media and communications program, we seek to

teach a type of writing that – we argue – can compete successfully for readers’ attention

in today’s 360-degree media environment. In order to meet this challenge, we focus on

literary/narrative feature writing, most commonly found in Australia and elsewhere in

magazines, and in the magazine supplements of mainstream newspapers. In teaching

this type of writing, we examine both its microstructure and macrostructure. At the

macrostructural level, we commence with the historical context of literary journalism

and feature story writing, focussing especially on the major influence of the New

Journalism and practitioners such as Tom Wolfe; alongside this we review the

argument that the ‘storytelling’ structure is a form to which humans respond innately, a

knowledge of which can aid effective media writing in general, and magazine feature

stories in particular, and to this end we demonstrate the type of textual analyses that

form part of our pedagogical approach. At the microstructural level, we examine the

employment of narrative perspective in order to engage readers in specific ways; this

aligns to some extent with Wolfe’s ‘device’ of ‘point of view’, which he considered

crucial in order to ‘grab the reader a few seconds longer’ (Wolfe 1973: 18). Another

related aspect which, Wolfe argued, is essential in attracting and involving readers is

filtering descriptions through the ‘eye sockets’ (Wolfe 1973: 18) of people in his

features. Following Wolfe, we argue that this type of literary feature yields a wealth of

engaging information unparalleled in other media writing.
Effectivity of Information Services in Preventing Bullying at MTs Madinatussalam, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency
Authors: Pratiwi Suci Triadi Abdurrahman,
Published: August 2021

This study aims to explore in-depth data about the Effectiveness of Information Services in Bullying Prevention using qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation instruments, interviews, and documentation studies. The informants in this study were counseling teachers, the head of a madrasah, and students of MTs Madinatussalam. The results of this study explain that the implementation of information services at MTs Madinatussalam in terms of its implementation is coordinated, systematic, and has been determined through Service Units (Satlan) and Service Implementation Plans (RPL), in preventing bullying by counseling guidance teachers is not only information services. provided but also other services such as group guidance as a follow-up service that aims to achieve self-understanding for victims or students who are potential victims of bullying. Information services in the prevention of bullying at MTs Madinatussalam are already effective and have a good impact on students to create a complete understanding of the benefits of solidarity, mutual respect, and the negative impact of bullying for perpetrators and victims. In this case, it is also assisted by the existence of a special program of the mubaligh corps, mandatory ablution, dhuha prayer, and the participation or coordination of field teachers, homeroom teachers, and counseling guidance personnel in supervising students of MTs Madinatussalam
Case Report: Ochronotic Arthropathy
Authors: Dönmez Ülkü , Çınar Ece , Öztürk Cihat , Hepgüler Simin
Published: August 2021

Ochronosis is a rare metabolic disease caused by the deficiency of the homogentisic acid oxidase enzyme. It gives clinical findings related to the accumulation of homogentisic acid in soft tissues and excretion in urine. Patients with chronic arthropathy usually have some joint pain and inflammatory back pain. Although axial involvement radiologically resembles ankylosing spondylitis (AS), it is differentiated by the absence of typical syndesmophytes, facet involvement, sacroiliac erosion and fusion.Although there is no effective treatment for ochronosis disease; our patient was given a protein-poor diet, vitamin C supplementation (100 mg/kg/day) and analgesic treatment for symptoms recommended in the literature; and a reduction in joint complaints was observed. In this case, the aim is to diagnose the rare ochronotic arthropathy followed with the diagnosis of AS and to show that both axial and peripheral joint involvement can be together in this disease.
Evaluation of Clinical and Radiological Indicators of Childhood Head Trauma
Authors: Yılmaz Münevver , Anıl Ayşe Berna , Anıl Murat , Helvacı Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the clinical signs of traumatic brain injury and its long-term effects on prognosis by evaluating the clinical and radiological findings of the patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department due to blunt head trauma. Method: The cases who applied to the pediatric emergency department due to head trauma were examined prospectively. Glaskow Coma (GCS) and Pediatric Trauma Scores (PTS) were calculated. The patients were evaluated neurologically 6 months after they were discharged. Results: A total of 707 pediatric patients [mean age: 59.8 ± 42.6 months; range: 1 month to 13 years; 263 (37.2%) girls] were evaluated prospectively. Pathology was detected in 101 cases (45.9%) [(epidural hematoma, 14; subdural hematoma, 11; brain edema, 36; intracerebral hematoma, 6; subarachnoid hemorrhage, 8; cerebral contusion, 22. Seventy-two (10.1%) patients had skull fractures.] Seventeen cases (2.4%) were operated, and 7 (1.4%) cases were lost. In children aged < 2 years vomiting, tachypnea, focal neurological findings, multitrauma, GCS <15 and low PTS were more common with traumatic brain injury (p <0.05). Vomiting, GCS <15 and low PTS were more common in children >2 years old and with traumatic brain injury (p <0.05). Neurological sequelae were not detected in patients aged <2 years with mild trauma. Loss of consciousness, pulse rate, respiratory and blood pressure abnormalities, focal neurological findings, low GCS and PTS were more common in children aged >2 years and with neurological sequelae (p <0.05). Conclusion: Physical examination findings, GCS, and PTS levels are useful tools in predicting the short- and long-term consequences of the injury.
Salmonella infections in children: Change of Clinical Characteristics and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern during Years
Authors: Ötiken Arıkan Kamile , Biten Güven Gülsüm
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate change of Salmonella infections and antibiotic resistance of patterns in the last 10 years in a tertiary pediatric carecenter in Turkey. Method: In this cross-sectional t study, pediatric patients under 18 years old with complaints of fever and/or acute gastroenteritis and culture positivity of Salmonella spps between January 2009 and July 2019 were included.Clinical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility tests were recorded. Results: Totally 136 patients,68 (50%) male with a median age of 48.5 months (4-191) were included. Thirteen (9.6%) Salmonella spps were isolated from patients under 1 year old, eighty five (62.5%) under 5 years-old, fifty one (37.5%) above 5 years old of age.Salmonella spps were isolated from stool culture (n=128,94.1%),from urine culture (n=5, 3.7%), 3 (2.2%) from blood culture. Fifty (36.8%) Salmonella spps were isolated between years of 2008-2013, eighty six (63.2%) between years of 2014-2019. The most commonly isolated serogroup was serotype A (25.7%), and serogroup B (3.7%), serogroup C (0.7%) and serogroup D (1.5%) respectively.Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spps were as follows ampicillin (15.4%), trimethoprim sulfamethaxazole (5.1%), ciprofloxacin (3.7%), cefotaxim (2.2%),ceftriaxone (1.5%),levofloxacine (0.7%) respectively. Conclusions: Increase in cases with Salmonella spp in the last 5 years was noticed. Salmonella infection must be kept in mind in case of acute gastroenteritis, especially in mucous and bloody cases, in children.
Remodeling in Patients with in Situ Fixation for a Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: Kaçmaz İsmail Eralp , Uzakgider Melikşah , Zhamilov Vadym , Basa Can Doruk , Reisoğlu Ali , Agus Haluk
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study has investigated the amount of bone remodeling in patients with a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) treated with in situ fixation until closure of the epiphysis and the factors affecting remodeling. Method: Patients who underwent surgery for SCFE between January 2010 and January 2015 were retrospectively screened: Twenty-four male and 7 female patients (mean age 12.6 ± 1.9 years) were included in the study. Gender, age, history, and laterality of trauma, duration of hip pain (acute, chronic, acute on chronic background), and hip radiographs were evaluated. The Southwick and alpha angles were measured, and the factors affecting remodeling were assessed. The statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY); 95% confidence levels were calculated and p < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The preoperative displacement angles measured on the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were 15.03° ± 9.1° and 25.93° ± 14.1° and at the last follow-up they were 11.63° ± 8.7° and 21.6° ± 12.1°, respectively. The alpha angles measured on the lateral radiographs preoperatively and at the end of follow-up were 52.33° ± 11.6° and 47.87° ± 11.8°, respectively. Significant remodeling was reflected in the angles measured on the anteroposterior and lateral X-ray images. Greater preoperative displacement angle was associated with less remodeling. Conclusion: Preoperative displacement affects the degree of postoperative remodeling. In patients with severe epiphyseal displacement, open reduction is an option but in situ pinning should be considered in that it is less invasive and more physiological.
Determination of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
by Applying Disco-Pro AG Drones in Vineyards
Authors: Efendyan P.S. , Hovhannisyan T.A. , Hakobyan T.M.
Published: August 2021

Reliable and up-to-date data on every soil segment of the land areas
cultivated for the contemporary land utilization is of vital significance.
Currently, the efficient planning and control over the agricultural activities is
hardly possible without any reliable and updated information on the yield and
agricultural soil types, whereas implementation of drones in the field of land
management and in agriculture, on the whole, is one of the most perspective
directions, since unlike the artificial sattelites, they provide more precise and
guided images for the given location.
The aim of the research is to produce the digital field model and NDVI map for
the crops by applying Parrot Disco-Pro AG drone kit.
PERAN DESA PAKRAMAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA BUDAYA BERKELANJUTAN DI DESA BATUAN, SUKAWATI, GIANYAR
Authors: Diana I Ketut Sakrabawa , Dianasari Dewa Ayu Lily , Suasapha Anom Hery
Published: August 2021

Desa Adat Batuan merupakan salah satu destinasi pariwisata yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali. Destinasi pariwisata ini terkenal dengan berbagai produk budaya yang dimilikinya, seperti misalnya hasil seni lukis dan seni patung. Selain itu, Desa Adat Batuan juga merupakan wilayah tempat berdirinya Pura Puseh Batuan. Pura Puseh Batuan merupakan daya tarik wisata (DTW) yang juga merupakan Cagar Budaya Nasional. Pura ini banyak dikunjungi wisatawan domestik maupun mancanegara karena keindahan arsitektur maupun kerumitan ukirannya yang menunjukkan kemajuan budaya masyarakat pemiliknya. Sebagai DTW yang dikelola oleh masyarakat melalui Desa Adat Batuan, dengan pendekatan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Namun, belum banyak diketahui bagaimana sesungguhnya peran Desa Adat Batuan dalam mengelola DTW tersebut. Artikel ini mengulas mengenai peran Desa Adat Batuan dalam mengelola DTW Pura Puseh Batuan sebagai pariwisata budaya berkelanjutan. Penelitian yang mendasari penulisan artikel ini merupakan penelitian untuk penulisan tugas akhir (Skripsi), yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara survei. Sebanyak 135 kuesioner valid berhasil dikumpulkan dari responden yang dipilih dari masyarakat Desa Adat Batuan. Penentuan jumlah responden menggunakanpendekatan kuota terhadap masyarakat yang mendiami 8 Banjar di Desa Adat Batuan. Hasil analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis regresi mengungkap bahwa ketiga peran yang diukur yaitu 1). peran perencanaan, 2). peran pengorganisasian dan 3.peran penggerak secara parsial maupun secara bsersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengembangan pariwisata budaya berkelanjutani Desa Adat Batuan.
POTENSI DESA WISATA PENGLIPURAN MENURUT MAHASISWA KEPARIWISATAAN POLITEKNIK PARIWISATA BALI
Authors: Suasapha Anom Hery
Published: August 2021

Artikel ini membahas mengenai persepsi mahasiswa kepariwisataan Politeknik Pariwisata Bali terhadap potensi wisata yang dimiliki oleh Desa Wisata Penglipuran, di Kabupaten Bangli. Penelitian yang hasilnya ditulis dalam bentuk artikel ini merupakan sebuah penelitian kuantitatif yang dilakukan pada tahun 2019. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif, baik dari sumber primer maupun sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui metode survei, dengan mempergunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner Skala Likert yang memiliki lima (5) pilihan respon, yaitu STS, TS, N, S dan SS. Data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka. Responden ditentukan secara purposif dan pemilihannya di lapangan dilakukan dengan pendekatan insidental. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik Analisis Faktor Ekploratori, sehingga menghasilkan faktor-faktor baru yang menunjukkan potensi Desa Wisata Penglipuran. Penentuan jumlah responden dilakukan berdasarkan pendapat para pakar mengenai jumlah sampel spesifik untuk Analisis Faktor. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara internal, Desa Wisata Penglipuran memiliki beberapa kekuatan (strengths) sebagai potensinya, dan secara eksternal didukung oleh beberapa peluang (opportunity).
MEMAHAMI DAN MENGELOLA DAMPAK PARIWISATA
Authors: Bangun Mulia Victor
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at providing information and understanding about the impacts of tourism on the economic sector, sociocultural living, and environmental. Globally, tourism is considered as one of the leading sectors contributing huge numbers in the global GDP. Now wander many countries rely on the tourism sector as the source of income and many countries do their best to develop the tourism potency had. The rapid dan massive development of tourism in the world brings both negative and positive aspect to those three sectors; economic, socio-cultural, and environmental. The negative impacts of tourism should be anticipated and managed well by the government, stakeholder, and community. One thing that can be done is by implementing visitor management that is an administrative action to maintain the environment, socio-cultural living, and economic sector without neglecting the satisfaction of tourists. Visitor management is implemented by balancing the tourist’ needs, local community’s needs, stakeholders’ needs, and the current situation and potency of the destination. The implementation visitor management leads to the sustainable tourism.
Evaluation of the Impacts of Non-Oil Exports on Economic Growth in Nigeria Between 1986-2018
Authors: F.E. Chinyere , N.N. Samuel , O.N. Nkama , R.E. Chinwoke
Published: August 2021

Non-oil exports have been seen to be very vital in economic growth and development, especially for developing economics. Despite the poor contribution of non-oil exports to economic growth in Nigeria, this study is inspired by the inconsistencies in empirical findings regarding the connection and effect of non-oil exports on the economy. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of non-oil exports on economic growth in Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was adopted. The time frame of thirty three (33) years, from 1986 to 2018 was adopted to allow for a large number of observations which will improve the robustness of the results. The data was obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin of 2017. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation technique was applied in guesstimating the models. E – views 9.0 was the econometric software used for the analysis. The result revealed that non-oil exports have no significant effect on the growth rate of real gross domestic product, agricultural contribution to real gross domestic product is not significantly affected by exports of non-oil products even though there is evidence of a positive but insignificant correlation between them. Manufacturing capacity utilization is not significantly influenced by variation in Nigeria’s non-oil exports. Non-oil exports are positively associated with manufacturing capacity utilization. Economic growth in Nigeria has not been significantly affected by non-oil exports despite the various non-oil promotion strategies by the government. We recommend that cost and access to financial services for non-oil exporters be moderate or relaxed.
Synthesis and Evaluation of new 4(3H)-quinazolinones derivatives as potential Anti-Inflammatory agents
Authors: Thorat D B , B Shivkumar , Rao Nagendra , M ohankumar K
Published: August 2021

Ten different 2, 7-disubstituted [1, 3, 4]-thiadiazolo [2, 3-b] quinazolin-5(4H)-ones were synthesized by action of 3-amino-2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones with various aliphatic and aromatic acid chloride in the presence of phosphorousoxy chloride. The newly synthesized compounds have been characterized by their analytical and spectral (IR, 1HNMR and Mass) properties. Further, they have been screened for their anti-inflammatory (in vitro and in vivo) by standard method.
Medicinal Properties of Cinchona Alkaloids - A Brief Review
Authors: Dubey Anubhav , Singh Yatendra
Published: August 2021

Cinchona which belongs to family Rubiaceae, got its importance from the centuries because of its anti- malarial activity. Alkaloids present in this herb, Quinine, Chichonine, Quinidine and Cinchonidine are the main, but percentage may vary in species to species. Since the early 17th century, these alkaloid are frequently used in Indian ayurvedic, sidha and traditional folk medicine to treating fever and Still now in modern medicine cinchona alkaloids are used for the treatment of malaria as well as for other diseases and became the well-known drug after the treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium Sp. Literature study revealed that along with the antimalarial activity the cinchona alkaloids has other potentiality like anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial activity. These article reviews the biological activities of cinchona alkaloids along with its toxic effect.
A Review on Tablet Dosage Form: Recent Advancements with Special Emphasis on Rapid Disintegrating Tablet
Authors: Kumar Vishal , Bhardwaj Attish , Singh Navdeep , Goyal Kamya , Jindal Shammy
Published: August 2021

Tablets are the most commonly prescribed dosage form as offer a convenient form of drug administration provides dosage uniformity from tablet to tablet, stable over extended and diverse storage conditions, can be produced on high-speed compression, labelling, and packaging equipment. Advancements in technology and modification in standard compressed tablet are to achieve better acceptability as well as bioavailability. Various types of newer and more efficient tablets are developed to create a delivery system that is relatively simple to administration. In one sense osmotic pump systems are another type of membrane-controlled release drug delivery system and work in the following way. Drug is incorporated in a tablet core which is water soluble, and which will solubilize or suspend the drug in the presence of water. Also, a multi-layer tablet dosage form over a more conventional mono-layer tablet is useful. In FDDS Gastro retentive dosage form improves bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and allows a reduction in the dose because of steady therapeutic levels of drug. The another system is MADDS Mucoadhesion is commonly used to describe an interaction between the mucin layer, which lines the entire GI tract, and a bio adhesive polymer, which could be natural or synthetic in origin. An ideal controlled drug delivery system is one which delivers the drugs at a predetermined rate, locally or systematically, for a specified period of time and an ideal targeted drug delivery system is the one which delivers the drugs only to its sites of action and not to the non-targeted organs or tissues. So, in this review article we will study the basic fundamentals of tablets their technologies, and types of systems with available marketed products of various dosage forms.
To Estimate the Label claim of tablet in their combination by simultaneous estimation using UV-Visible Spectrophotometric method
Authors: P D Yelekar , S.B Chaudhari , R D Chourasia , K R Tikariya , Payal Badole
Published: August 2021

Objective: The main objective of the work was to check the label claim of tablet in combination by Simultaneous estimation by UV method. Method: Spectrophotometric method development and validation are plays important role in the development and manufacture of pharmaceuticals. This Spectrophotometric method was a simple and reproducible for the quantitative determination of Paracetamol and Caffeine in tablet formulation was developed and validated in the present work. The various parameters like specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness and ruggedness were studied according to ICH guidelines. The wavelength 273nm was selected for the estimation of Caffeine using distilled water as a solvent and the wavelength 243nm selected for the estimation of Paracetamol using distilled water as solvent the drug obeyed Beer’s-Lambert’s law over the concentration range 20-120µg/ml. Recovery study was performed to confirm the accuracy of the method. The method was successfully applied for routine analysis of this drug in formulation the method were validated as pr ICH guidelines. Conclusion: A simple UV spectrophotometric method was developed for the Simultaneous determination of Paracetamol and Caffeine in tablet formulation without any interference from the excipients. The present method succeeded in adopting a simple sample preparation that achieve satisfactory extraction recovery and facilitated its application in co formulated formulation.
Analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of plant Sida cordata in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats
Authors: Shinde Prajakta P , Khule Shahu D , Sonawane Sneha , Shelke Suvarna
Published: August 2021

India has rich heritage of use of medicinal plants in clinical practices since ancient times. Diabetes mellitus is a group of syndromes characterized by hyperglycemia, altered lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and an increased risk of vascular disease complications. More than 400 plant species have been recorded to display hypoglycemic effects, but only a few of them have been investigated. Although many drugs are available to control the diabetes but has several adverse effects. The plant Sida cordata activities have been reported such as Antibacterial, Antitumor, Antifungal, Antiulcer, Antitussive, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-malarial, Anti-oxidant, Analgesic, Antidepressant, Antihyperglycemic, Hepatoprotective in ayurvedic system of medicine. This research was conducted undertaken In order to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of methnolic extract of Sida cordata. The two dose (100 and 200 mg/kg) methnolic extract of Sida cordata used for treatment of Alloxan induced diabetic rats. The glucose level was significantly (p<0.01) high in Alloxan control rats when opposed to normal control. But the level of glucose was significantly (p<0.01) decreased after 7th day in diabetic rats treated with methanol extract (200 mg/kg) as compared with diabetic control rats.
Medical device’s regulation in South-East Asian countries: Current status and gap areas
Authors: Kalaiselvan Vivekanandan , G. Aishwarya , Sharma Ashish
Published: August 2021

As Medical device application in disease prevention, diagnosis or treatment is evolving to a greater extent; there is a need for regulation to monitor its quality, safety and efficacy. The present article attempts to study the medical device regulation available in eleven South-East Asian World Health Organization (WHO) member countries. The information searched from the available sources reveals that medical device regulation exists in seven countries. Most of the countries follow the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 13485 for their quality standards in medical devices. Most countries also specified the time frame and authority to which adverse event is to be reported. Countries like India and Thailand have separate Adverse Event reporting forms for the medical device. The present study reveals that there is no separate web-based database for adverse event reporting of medical devices. Therefore, WHO South-East Asian Regulators Network (SEARN) under South East Regulatory Office (SERO) office may provide handholding support to these regions in developing a common software or tool for the management and analysis of signals arising from the adverse events.