bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Components of antenatal care received by women in fishing communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda; a cross sectional survey
Authors: Ssetaala Ali , Nabawanuka Joan , Matovu Gideon , Nakiragga Nusula , Namugga Judith , Nalubega Phiona , Kaluuma Henry Lutalo , Chinyenze Kundai , Perehudoff Katrina , Michielsen Kristien , Bagaya Bernard , Price Matt , Kiwanuka Noah , Degomme Olivier
Published: April 2020

Background: Uganda has one of the highest maternal deaths at a ratio of 336 per 100,000 live births. As Uganda strives to achieve sustainable development goals, components of antenatal care are key to reduction of maternal mortality. We explored women’s receipt of seven of the Uganda guidelines components of antenatal care, and associated factors in hard to reach Lake Victoria island fishing communities of Kalangala district.Methods: A cross sectional survey among 486 consenting women aged 15-49 years, who were pregnant or had a birth or abortion in the past 6 months was conducted in 6 island fishing communities of Kalangala district, Uganda, during January-May 2018. Interviewer administered questionnaires, in Open Data Kit software were used to collect data on socio-demographics and receipt of seven of the Uganda guidelines components of antenatal care. Regression modeling was used to determine factors associated with receipt of all seven components. Analyses were done using STATA version 15.1.Results: Women’s median (range) age was 26 (15-45) years, majority were married [87.0%, (423/486)], their main occupation was housewives (stay home mums) [45.1%, (219/486)] and never studied beyond seven years of education [69.1%, (336/486)]. Over three quarters of women who attended the nationally recommended four focused ANC visits did not receive all seven components of care at least once during the visits [76.4%, (107/140), P<0.05]. Women who reported being attended to by a doctor were thrice as likely to have received all seven components as those seen by a midwife/nurse (aOR=3.2; 95% CI:1.1-9.1).Conclusions: There is need to improve components of antenatal care received by women in these communities. Implementation programs need to evaluate receipt of antenatal care components among attendees in these hard to reach communities.Trial Registration: PACTR201903906459874 (Retrospectively registered).
A retrospective analysis of paraspinal muscle-splitting microscopic-assisted discectomy versus percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy on patients in the treatment of far-lateral lumbar disc herniation
Authors: KONG LEI , Xu Hong Guang
Published: April 2020

Background : Minimally invasive surgery includes percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and the microscopic tubular technique. This study aimed to compare the two techniques and evaluate the outcomes of the procedures.
Methods : We retrospectively analyzed patients with far-lateral lumbar disc herniation (FLLDH) from June 2015 to October 2018. Twenty-six patients underwent paraspinal muscle-splitting microscopic-assisted discectomy (MD) and 30 patients underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) surgery by the same surgical team. Data included the duration of the operation, duration of intraoperative radiation exposure, and average duration of hospitalization. Pre- and postoperative pain scores and neurological functions were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI).
Results: 56 patients remained in the study over the 12–24 months period. The mean operating time was 65.83 ± 16.64 min in the PELD group, mean duration of radiation exposure was 2.87 ± 1.19 min, and average of hospitalization was 3.43 days. The mean operating time was 44.96 ± 16.87 min in the MD group, duration of radiation exposure was 0.78 ± 0.32 min, and duration of hospitalization was 4.12 days. Except low back pain at 3 months (p >0.05), all patients in both groups showed significant improvement in VAS and ODI scores compared with pre-operation and until final follow-up (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Both techniques are minimally invasive, effective, and safe for treating far-lateral lumbar disc herniation in selected patients. Compared with the PELD technique, the MD procedure offers a wider field of vision during operation, shorter operation time, fewer postoperative complications, and shorter learning curve.
Risk factors for one-year all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients.
Authors: Wang-Hansen Marte Sofie , Kersten Hege , Wyller Torgeir Bruun
Published: April 2020

Background Due to expansion of longevity, the proportion of elderly people with multimorbidity is increasing. Our aim was to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality in elderly multimorbid medical in-patients one year after acute hospitalization. Information regarding risk factors is important to support targeted care plans after discharge. Methods Prospective cohort study of patients acutely admitted to a medical department in a Norwegian regional hospital. Eligible patients were community-dwelling, received home care services before hospitalization, were aged 75+, and suffered from two or more chronic conditions. Inclusion period was 1. April – 31. October 2012. Candidate variables were number of daily prescribed drugs, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics score, delirium, body mass index (BMI), handgrip strength, Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index score, and the laboratory analyses haemoglobin (Hgb), sodium (Na) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results We included 227 patients; mean age 86 years, 59% women, 71% lived alone. During the year after hospitalization, 39% died. In the adjusted cox proportional hazards regression analysis, significant and independent risk factors were BMI (hazard ratio (HR) 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.98 per kg/m 2 ), Hgb (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.98 per g/100 mL), Na (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99 per mmol/L) and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.07-3.08). Conclusions In this cohort of multimorbid elderly internal medicine patients, low body mass, hyponatremia, impaired renal function and anaemia were identified as independent and significant risk factors for one-year mortality.
Survival outcomes of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: a meta-analysis in 36480 cases.
Authors: Xia Lin-Yu , Hu Qing-Lin , Zhang Jing , Xu Wei-Yun , Li Xiao-Shi
Published: April 2020

Background The survival outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) versus adjuvant chemotherapy(ACT) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to analyze current evidence on the survival outcomes of neoadjuvant versus ACT in TNBC. Methods A systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases were done to identify relevant articles investigating the survival outcomes of NACT versus ACT in TNBC. Results A total of nine studies involving 36480 patients met the selection criteria.Of them,10728(29.41%) received NACT, and 25752(70.59%) received ACT.The pathological complete response (pCR) rate is 35% (95% CI = 0.23-0.48). Compared with ACT, the overall survival(OS) of NACT was poor(HR = 1.59; 95%CI = 1.25-2.02; P=0.0001), and there was no significant difference in disease-free survival(DFS) between them(HR = 0.85; 95%CI = 0.54-1.34; P=0.49). NACT with pCR can significantly improve the OS(HR = 0.53; 95%CI = 0.29-0.98; P=0.04) and DFS(HR = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.29-0.94; P=0.03), while the OS(HR = 1.18; 95%CI = 1.09-1.28; P<0.0001) and DFS(HR = 2.36; 95%CI = 1.42-3.89; P=0.0008) of patients with residual disease(RD) following NACT were worse compared with ACT. Conclusion The findings suggest that, for TNBC, Patients receiving NACT with pCR can significantly improve OS and DFS compared with ACT and it turns to be opposite when patients receiving NACT with RD.
Screening and identification of key biomarkers and related transcription factors in ovarian cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Qin Wenqiong , Yuan Qiang , Liu Yi , Zeng Ying , Ke Dandan , Dai Xiaoyan , Shuai Yu , Hu Jiaqi , Shi Hua
Published: April 2020

Background Ovarian tumors are the most malignant tumors of all gynecological tumors, and although multiple efforts have been made to elucidate the pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer remain unclear. Methods In this study, we used bioinformatics to identify genes involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer. Three microarray datasets (GSE14407, GSE29450, and GSE54388) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. For a more in-depth understanding of the DEGs, functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The associated transcriptional factor (TFs) regulation network of the DEGs was also constructed. Kaplan Meier-plotter, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and the Oncomine database were implemented to validated hub genes. Results A total of 514 DEGs were detected after the analysis of the three gene expression profiles, including 171 upregulated and 343 downregulated genes. Nine hub genes ( CCNB1, CDK1, BUB1, CDC20, CCNA2, BUB1B, AURKA, RRM2, TTK) were obtained from the PPI network. Survival analysis showed that high expression levels of seven hub genes ( CCNB1, BUB1, BUB1B, CCNA2, AURKA, CDK1, and RRM2) were associated with worse overall survival (OS). All of seven hub genes were discovered highly expressed in ovarian cancer samples compared to normal ovary samples in GEPIA. Immunostaining results from the HPA database suggested that the expressions of CCNB1, CCNA2, AURKA, and CDK1 proteins were increased in ovarian cancer tissues, and Oncomine analysis indicated that the expression patterns of BUB1B, CCNA2, AURKA, CCNB1, CDK1, and BUB1 have associated with patient clinicopathological information. From the gene-transcriptional factor network, key transcriptional factors, such as POLR2A, ZBTB11, KLF9, and ELF1, were identified with close interactions with these hub genes. Conclusion We identified six significant DEGs with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer, which could be of potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer patients.
A case report and summary of thrombocytopenia caused by coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Zhao Yibing , Du Na , Li Wei , Xiang Dongmei , Zhou Guodong , Li Ruixu , Xu Panyang , Xu Jiancheng
Published: April 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 has become a major problem for the world. We reported a representative case with thrombocytopenia.Case report: A 44-year-old female patient sought medical attention for fatigue and cough of 1 day duration. Thirteen days before disease onset, the patient had returned from Hubei province. Her body temperature on admission was 38.6℃. Blood routine test showed a white blood cell count of 4.0×109/L, lymphocyte count of 1×109/L, platelet count of 118×109/L, and C-reactive protein of 6.0mg/L. Lung computed tomography (CT) scan showed: large patches of ground-glass opacities at the posterior segment of the right upper lung lobe and bilaterally at the basal segment of the lower lung lobes. Her throat swabs tested positive for novel coronavirus nucleic acid. After antiviral and symptomatic treatment were given, on day 5 of hospitalization, her symptoms of coughing and chest pain worsened after coughing, and she also developed hemoptysis. Repeated lung CT scans showed that the lesion area had increased. The lymphocyte count had decreased to 0.55×109/L and the platelet count had decreased to 9×109/L on day 6. After a series of multimodal therapies were carried out, the patient’s platelet and lymphocyte count gradually increased to normal.Conclusion: We reported a COVID-2019 case with significant thrombocytopenia, which was more significantly decreased than in normal viral infections. However, the mechanism of thrombocytopenia is unknown and requires further research.
Insights on the forming process of reciprocal gene loss in the duplicate DPL genes of rice
Authors: Zhang Fu-min , Xu Xun , Ge Song
Published: April 2020

Background
Reciprocal gene loss (RGL) of duplicate genes is an important genetic source of reproductive isolation, but the forming process of RGL remains poorly understood, particularly when concerning a single gene duplication. The RGL of the duplicate DOPPELGANGER1 ( DPL1 ) and DOPPELGANGER2 ( DPL2 ) gene can lead to BDM-type hybrid incompatibility between two rice subspecies. The evolutionary history of the duplicate genes, including their origin and mechanism of duplication as well as their evolutionary divergence after the duplication, is crucial for understanding the RGL process. Thus, we attempted to elucidate the evolutionary history of the duplicate genes for gaining insights into the forming process of RGL.
Results
We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of DPL copies from all 15 diploid species representing six genome types of rice genus and then found that all the DPL copies from the latest diverged A- and B-genome gather into one monophyletic clade. Southern blot analysis also detected definitely two DPL copies only in A- and B-genome. High conserved collinearity can be observed between the DPL1 segments of A- and B-genome and between the DPL 2 segments of A- and B-genome respectively but not between DPL1 and DPL2 segments. Investigations of transposon elements indicated that DPL duplication is more likely to be produced by DNA transposons. Likelihood-based analyses with branch models showed a relaxation of selective strength on DPL1 lineage but an enhancement of selective constraint on DPL2 lineage after DPL duplication. Sequence analysis also indicated that defective DPL1 can be found in six wild and cultivated species out of the eight species of A-genome but only one defective DPL2 occurs in a cultivated rice subspecies.
Conclusions
DPL duplication of rice originated in the most recent common ancestor of A- and B-genome about 6.76 million years ago and the duplication was possibly caused by DNA transposons. The DPL1 is a redundant copy and has being in the process of pseudogenization, suggesting that artificial selection may play an important role in forming the RGL of DPL genes between two rice subspecies during the domestication.
Keywords: Reciprocal gene loss, Gene duplication, Evolution history, DPL , Rice
Clinical and Safety Outcomes of Conversion Original Tacrolimus to Generic Tacrolimus in Turkish Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Gunay Emrah
Published: April 2020

Background

After the United States, The Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the first generic of the original tacrolimus in 2009, generic tacrolimus was preferred in many countries for cost-reducing reasons. This is the first study on the conversion of original tacrolimus to the generic tacrolimus, reported from Turkey.

Methods

The inclusion criteria of this single-center, retrospective study were 1) being ≥18 years old, 2) passing at least three months after kidney transplantation, 3) conversion from reference tacrolimus (Prograf®) to generic tacrolimus (Adoport®). The primary endpoints were acute rejection, an increase in serum creatinine, decreases in e-GFR, tacrolimus level, tacrolimus concentration/dose ratio. We applied the paired T-test to analyze the pre-conversion and final visit laboratory values.

Results

Thirty-six patients who agreed to use generic tacrolimus evaluated. The mean age was 39.8 years (± 11.6), % 52,7 were female, % 86,1 were living donor transplants. The patients followed up for 12 months (3-41). There was no increase in serum creatinine value, no decreases in e-GFR and tacrolimus concentration/dose ratio. We observed a decrease in tacrolimus level (p=0,037). Decreasing the target value may have caused this result, as there are 9 patients with positive BK-DNA. None of the patients needed a biopsy.

Conclusion

Based on the results of our study, renal outcomes are safe and the drugs could be changed safely. Whether Prograf® or Adoport®, whichever is used, it is important to continue taking the drug at the recommended dose and time. The physician should be careful in dose adjustment after conversion, especially for those who are in the first year of transplantation.
A network pharmacology approach to explore the mechanisms of action of Epimrdii Herba-Coicis Semen for treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhou Yuxuan
Published: April 2020

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can treat diseases through its “multi-component, multi-target, multi-pathway” mechanisms. Especially have advantages in the treatment of diseases with complicated pathogenesis, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen is one of the common methods of Chinese Medicine to treat AD. The TCM combination of Epimrdii Herba and Coicis Semen can be used as the main drugs of a prescription for tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen. However, the mechanisms for Epimrdii Herba-Coicis Semen (EH-CS) to treat AD is vague. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanisms of EH-CS on AD using a network pharmacological method.Methods: We retrieved the chemical compounds and targets of Epimrdii Herba-Coicis Semen from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). We screened the active ingredients based on the pharmacokinetic parameters (ADME). The Human Gene Database (GeenCards) was used to obtain disease targets of Alzheimer’s disease. Then we drew a venn diagram to obtain common targets of Chinese medicine and disease. Based on the topological properties, we screened the key targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and the "Traditional Chinese Medicine-active ingredient-target" network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The key targets were respectively uploaded to the Metascape and DAVID database for GO and KEGG pathway analysis.Results: We obtained 31 active compounds for EH-CS. Flavonoids play important roles in the treatment of AD. A total of 29 key targets, including AKT1, MAPK1, and TP53, etc. The biological processes involve response to lipopolysaccharide, neuron death, neuroinflammatory response, etc. The main pathways include TNF signaling pathways, MAPK signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and other signaling pathways.Conclusion: The network pharmacology method is an effective tool for exploring the mechanisms of TCM. Based on network pharmacology, this study systematically explained the potential mechanisms of EH-CS on AD. It provides a valuable reference for the development of AD drugs.
Pottery production and trades in south-eastern India: new insights from Alagankulam and Keeladi excavation sites
Authors: Odelli Eleonora , Selvaraj Thirumalini , Perumal Jayashree Lakshmi , Palleschi Vincenzo , Legnaioli Stefano , Raneri Simona
Published: April 2020

This research is part of a wider scientific Italian-Indo project aiming to shed lights on pottery fabrication and trade circulation in the South India (Tamil Nadu region) during Early Historical Period. The recent archaeological excavations carried out in Alagankulam, a famous harbour trading with the eastern and western world, and Keeladi, the most ancient civilization centre attested in Tamil Nadu region, provided numerous fragments of archaeological ceramics, including fine ware and coarse ware potteries. Up to the typological studies, different classes of potteries were recognised, suggesting the presence of local productions and possible imports and imitations. Studied materials include common Indian products, i.e. black-and-red table wares and water jugs, along with red slipped wares, rouletted ware, northern black polished ware, which provenance identification is still debated in the current literature. In fact, for long time, the misattribution of several ceramic classes has led to wrong interpretations of the complex commercial connections between India and the Western and Eastern Mediterranean area. In this perspective, the minero-petrographic and spectroscopic investigation of several ceramic fragments from the two investigated archaeological sites would fill these gaps and provide a systematic characterization of specific ceramic classes both locally manufactured and imported. The obtained results contribute to draw interesting short-range and long-range connections in Tamil Nadu area.
Sexual and reproductive health knowledge among young people: a bibliometric analysis (1900 – 2019)
Authors: sweileh waleed , Mansour Ahmad
Published: April 2020

Background: Adolescents and youth (young people) are central to the success of the 2030 agenda. Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge among young people is critical for their well-being. The objective study was to assess and analyze publications on SHR knowledge among young people. Method: This study was a bibliometric descriptive one for publications retrieved from Scopus on SHR knowledge among young people. All relevant terms on young people, SHR, and knowledge were implemented to retrieve relevant publications for the study period from 1900 to 2019. Results: The search found 2544 publications. Publication started on 1951. The number of publications showed two steep phases: one in mid-1980s and one after 2005. Four research themes were identified: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); human papillomavirus (HPV), condom, and contraception with documents on HPV vaccinations being the most recent. The retrieved publications received an average of 10.9 citations per document and an h -index of 61. The top cited documents published before 2010 focused mainly on HIV, HPV, and condom use while those after 2010 focused on HIV testing technology, HIV prophylaxis and HPV vaccination. The retrieved documents originated mainly from the region of the Americas (n=944). When data were normalized, the South-Eastern Asian region had the highest research activity. At the country level, the USA ranked first (n=701; 27.6%) but when data was normalized, India (91.5 publication per GDP per capita) ranked first followed by Nigeria (53.0) and South Africa (17.9). Journal of Adolescent Health (n=39; 1.5%) ranked first but documents published in AIDS Education and Prevention journal received the highest number of citations per document (34.1). The University of California, San Francisco ranked first (n=33; 1.3%) in this field. The average number of authors per publication was 3.8. Research networking in this field was poor. Conclusion: This was the first analysis of publications on SRH knowledge among a category of people who are most often neglected in their SRH needs. Research on knowledge and awareness on this subject need to be carried out in all world regions to tailor sex education and health policies to the sociocultural and religious situation in each country.
Effects of eradication of Helicobacter pylori on oral malodor and the oral environment: a single-center observational study
Authors: Suzuki Nao , Beppu Richiko , Yoneda Masahiro , Takeshita Toru , Asakawa Mikari , Yamashita Yoshihisa , Hanioka Takashi , Hirofuji Takao , Shinohara Tetsuo
Published: April 2020

Objective: Although a relationship between Helicobacter pylori and oral malodor has been suggested, it remains to be confirmed. One reason for this is that many studies assess oral malodor subjectively. Another reason for the uncertainty is that the reduction in oral malodor may be due to the effect of antibiotics on the oral microbiota. In this study, changes in oral malodor after eradication of H. pylori were investigated by organoleptic test and gas chromatography. In addition, the salivary bacterial composition and clinical parameters were analyzed.Results: The organoleptic test score, hydrogen sulfide and dimethyl sulfide concentrations, and all clinical parameters except for tongue-coating score were significantly decreased at 1 week compared with baseline. On the date that H. pylori was determined to have been eradicated from all of the subjects (7 weeks after treatment), only the organoleptic test score was significantly lower compared with baseline. Although the overall composition of the salivary bacterial populations was altered by antibiotic treatment, they had recovered at 7 weeks. Therefore, it is possible that the levels of odorous components other than volatile sulfur compounds related to oral malodor were decreased by H. pylori eradication.
Moral Courage and Psychological Empowerment among Nurses
Authors: Khoshmehr Zahra , Barkhordari-Sharifabad Maasoumeh , Nasiriani Khadijeh , Fallahzadeh Hossein
Published: April 2020

Background: Moral courage is one of the fundamental values of nursing profession and a powerful method of coping ethical problems. Psychological empowerment is a suitable method of enabling individuals for coping mental pressures of the work environment. This study determined the correlation between ethical courage and psychological empowerment of nurses.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 180 nurses employed in different wards were selected randomly. Data were collected by Demographics Questionnaire, Sekerka’s Moral Courage Scale, and Spreitzer’s psychological empowerment Scale and analyzed with SPSS16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings: The results indicated that the mean score of moral courage was 21.11±69.90 and the greatest of moral courage was in dimension of “going beyond compliance”. The mean score of “psychological empowerment” was 30.9±73.58 and the greatest mean belonged to “competence”. There was a positive significant correlation between “psychological empowerment” and “moral courage and its dimensions” (P<0.05).Conclusion: The findings suggested a correlation between moral courage and psychological empowerment. Thus, nurses’ moral courage could be enhanced by reinforcing their psychological empowerment leading to increased patient satisfaction and quality care.
SARS-CoV-2 Preimmune IgM Epitopes
Authors: Shivarov Velizar , Petrov Peter , Pashov Anastas
Published: April 2020

While studying the human public IgM igome as represented by a library of 224087 linear mimotopes, three exact matches to peptides in the proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were found: two in the open reading frame 1ab and one in the spike protein. Joining the efforts to fast track SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development, here we describe briefly these potential epitopes in comparison to mimotopes representing peptides of SARS-CoV , HCoV 229E and OC43.
Exposing Seeds of Galtonia candicans to Ethyl Methanesulfonate Reduced Inflorescence Height, Lodging, and Fertility
Authors: Contreras Ryan N. , Shearer Kim
Published: April 2020

Cape hyacinth (Galtonia candicans) is a geophytic herbaceous perennial from South Africa. It produces large inflorescences of pendulous white flowers during mid to late summer, followed by capsules filled with copious amounts of seed. The species has potential as a low-water-use landscape plant, but lodging and excessive seed production, which pose a risk of escape or invasion, are issues that should be addressed before marketing. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a chemical mutagen known to induce usable mutations including dwarfing and sterility. We exposed seeds of cape hyacinth to increasing concentrations of EMS (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%). Increased concentrations of EMS resulted in a linear decrease in seed germination when not exposed to a presoak treatment in water before exposure to EMS. No seedlings survived or were viable to field plant at 0.6%, 0.8%, or 1%. Resulting plants were field planted in 2013 and evaluated during 2014 and 2015. In both years, the inflorescence height at first flower, average seed number per capsule, and percent lodging were reduced in EMS-treated plants compared with controls. In 2015, pollen staining was evaluated and was reduced from 83% in control to less than 3% in the 0.4% treatment. Our study demonstrated that EMS is a viable option to reduce height and decrease seed set in cape hyacinth.
ELECTROGMYOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF MUSCLES SOLEUS IN PEOPLE WITH THE INCREASED SENSITIVITY OF THE VESTIBULAR ANALYZER
Authors: Vadzyuk Stepan , Shmata Roman , Ulianytska Nataliia
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the features of electromyographic indicators of the soleus muscles while maintaining a upright position in people with increased vestibular sensitivity. From the literature, it is concluded that the study of electromyographic features of indicators in the conditions of irritation of the vestibular analyzer in people with different vestibular sensitivity is an important area in physiology. Vestibular sensitivity was determined by the questionnaire, Voyachek's sample and Fukuda's written test. To assess the electromyographic activity of the soleus muscles, a computer DX complex was used for registration of interference electromyography. Registration was carried out during performing Romberg test, before and after vestibular loading. According to the results of the vestibular irritation, there was a greater decrease in the amplitude of the flap muscles of the lower extremities in persons with the increased vestibular sensitivity than in people with the adequate sensitivity. Based on the results achieved, it can be assumed, that in people with the increased sensitivity of the vestibular analyzer, the irritation of the receptors of the semicircular canals alters the activity of extensor motoneurons of the human spinal cord more significantly than in persons with the adequate sensitivity.
INVESTIGATION OF SAFETY AND QUALITY PARAMETERS OF GRANULATED FILLERS
Authors: Grynchenko Nataliya , Tishchenko Olga , Grynchenko Olga , Pyvovarov Pavel
Published: April 2020

Within the conducted studies there were highlighted urgent questions of introducing the management system of quality and safety of food products. Quality and safety parameters that determine the notion of food product quality have been established by analyzing the normative and legislative base.

There were studied quality parameters of granulated fillers that are structured systems of the ball-like form with diameter (3…7)·10-3 m and are characterized with a plastic, a bit crumbling consistence. Granules may be used as fillers for milk and sour-milk products, cheeses, ice-cream, dessert products, confectionary ones, beverages, salads, culinary floury products. The organoleptic quality evaluation of the products was realized by the descriptive (qualitative) method and by the profile analysis one (quantitative). Each organoleptic parameter (consistence, taste, smell and so on) is presented as a totality of components (descriptors), evaluated by quality, intensity and manifestation order. A characteristic of organoleptic parameters with intensity scales of separate signs is presented as profile diagrams. The complex organoleptic index that is 4.89…4.95 points has been determined. Basic physical-chemical properties of the new products were studied. It has been determined, that the content of main nutritive substances in the composition of fillers is: proteins 3.4…7.2 %, lipids – 2.5…6.5 %, total carbohydrates 7.8…13.2 %, mineral substances 0.25…1.12 %, that allow to pose fillers as products with the high food value.

Safety parameters of the granulated fillers were studied – microbiological and toxicological ones, and also the content of mycotoxins and antibiotics. It has been proved, that the new products fully correspond to established norms by these parameters. The study of microbiological indices of the new products has proved the content of viable lactate bacteria in the fillers in amount 3·108…1·107 CFU in 1 g of a product and the absence of the pathogenic and conventionally pathogenic microflora. The expert evaluation of safety of the granulated fillers as to the content of food supplements in their composition allows to make a conclusion about the correspondence of the developed products to international legislative requirements. It has been proved, that the storage term of new products is 90 days at temperature 1…6 °С and relative air humidity no more 75 %.
Bionomic of Anopheles sp. in Merauke District, Papua
Authors: Rahardjo Djoko , Prakasita Vinsa Cantya , Pepiana Marlen Aviati Sarah
Published: April 2020

Malaria is known as an endemic disease that often causes death in Indonesia, especially in Papua. The malaria cases control in Papua has not been carried on based on data studies, therefore bionomic of Anopheles sp is important to be studied. Bionomics data are consisted of breeding places, resting places and feeding habits are from direct observation. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted to gain information about respondent behavior. Descriptive and qualitative data were then analyzed. The breeding places of Anopheles sp. were mostly found in swampy areas. Based on the feeding habit, the feeding activity of Anopheles sp. inside the house has only one biting peak at 23.00-02.00 WIT, while outside the house, biting peaks occurred at 21.00-22.00 WIT and 00.00-01.00 WIT. Resting place data shown that Anopheles sp. mostly found in piles of clothes and shoe racks. Recorded factors that affect mosquitos bionomics are temperature, humidity, salinity, pH, community behavior, and the presence of livestock. Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH), habitual behavior of host (3M action, the habit of using insect repellent, mosquito repellent, and mosquito nets), the presence of livestock, and the type of bait blood type affect mosquito activity.
An investigation of the value relevance of deferred tax: the mediating effect of earnings management
Authors: Shehata Mohamed Kasim Soliman Walid , Mansour Ali Karim
Published: April 2020

There is an academic discussion about the value relevance of deferred tax, which aims to find out the effect of deferred tax on the investors’ decisions. In light of this discussion, the first question is about the impact of deferred tax on management practices to manipulate earnings, which is called earnings management, the second question is about the value relevance of earnings management, the third question is about the value relevance of deferred tax, and the fourth question is about the mediating effect of earnings management. The paper focuses on listed firms in the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX), especially firms that were recorded in EGX 100, for six-year period (2013–2018) for 107 firms and 642 completed observations. The findings are as follows: management uses deferred tax to manipulate earnings, since an increase in deferred tax amounts increases earnings management practices; there is no value relevance of earnings management, which means earnings management practices do not affect the investors’ decisions; there is value relevance of deferred tax, which confirms that deferred tax is one of the determinants that affect the investors’ decisions; there is no value relevance of deferred tax through earnings management as a mediator variable since investors are not interested in earnings management practices to make their investment decisions. This paper investigates the relationship between deferred tax, earnings management, and value relevance in the Egyptian context.
Green synthesis of stable Fe,Cu oxide nanocomposites from loquat leaf extracts for removal of Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Liu Qiujie , Ma Peili , Liu Penglei , Li Hongping , Han Xiuli , Liu Lie , Zou Weihua
Published: April 2020

Mass production of nanomaterials to remove pollutants from water still faces many challenges, mainly due to the complexity of the synthesis methods involved and the use of dangerous reagents. The green method of preparation of nanomaterials from plants can effectively solve these problems. Fe,Cu oxide nanocomposites (Fe-Cu-NCs) were synthesized by a green and single-step method using loquat leaf extracts, and were used as an adsorbent for removal of Norfloxacin (NOR) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous solution. The synthesized adsorbent showed excellent adsorption properties for NOR and CIP. The experimental equilibrium data fitted the Redlich-Peterson and Koble-Corrigan models well and the maximum adsorption capacities of Fe-Cu-NCs calculated by the Langmuir model for NOR and CIP were 1.182 mmol/g and 1.103 mmol/g, respectively, at 293 K. Additionally, the morphologies and properties of Fe-Cu-NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and the adsorption mechanism of NOR and CIP onto Fe-Cu-NCs was discussed. Thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. This study indicated that Fe-Cu-NCs are a potential adsorbent and provide a simple and convenient strategy for the purification of antibiotics-laden wastewater.
Microalgae cultivation using undiluted anaerobic digestate by introducing aerobic nitrification–desulfurization treatment
Authors: Sekine Mutsumi , Yoshida Akari , Akizuki Shinichi , Kishi Masatoshi , Toda Tatsuki
Published: April 2020

A novel coupling process using an aerobic bacterial reactor with nitrification and sulfur–oxidization functions followed by a microalgal reactor was proposed for simultaneous biogas desulfurization and anaerobic digestion effluent (ADE) treatment. ADE nitrified by bacteria has a potential to be directly used as a culture medium for microalgae because ammonium nitrogen, including inhibitory free ammonia (NH3), has been converted to harmless NO3−. To demonstrate this hypothesis, Chlorella sorokiniana NIES-2173, which has ordinary NH3 tolerance; that is, 1.6 mM of EC50 compared with other species, was cultivated using untreated/treated ADE. Compared with the use of a synthetic medium, when using ADE with 1–10-fold dilutions, the specific growth rate and growth yield maximally decreased by 44% and 88%, respectively. In contrast, the algal growth using undiluted ADE treated by nitrification–desulfurization was almost the same as with using synthetic medium. It was also revealed that 50% of PO43− and most metal concentrations of ADE decreased following nitrification–desulfurization treatment. Moreover, upon NaOH addition for pH adjustment, the salinity increased to 0.66%. The decrease in metals mitigates the bioconcentration of toxic heavy metals from wastewater in microalgal biomass. Meanwhile, salt stress in microalgae and limiting nutrient supplementation, particularly for continuous cultivation, should be of concern.
Vieja y nuevas concepciones de la frontera: aportes teóricos y reflexiones sobre la historia subcaliforniana
Authors: Cariño Micheline , González Luis Alberto , Castro Erín , Ojeda Esteban
Published: April 2020

Ante la complejidad de la globalización, la historia de los fenómenos fronterizos permite entender las fases y los mecanismos que desarticularon el paradigma del Estado-nación para conformar el de mundialización. En este ensayo se analiza, desde la perspectiva de la historia, la concepción cultural, social y económica de la frontera. Primeramente, se hace una revisión de los principales conceptos y autores considerados indispensables para abordar la problemática fronteriza. Posteriormente, y en lo que se considera la mayor aportación de este documento, se propone una revisión del pasado subcaliforniano a partir de los conceptos constitutivos del nuevo paradigma de frontera.
Definig the US-Mexico border as hyperreality
Authors: Duarte-Herrera Carlos A.
Published: April 2020

The US-Mexico border has been defined as a periphery, as a transborder social system, and more currently, as a station in transnational circuits. The two first definitions presuppose the strongly criticized concepts of region and cultural area. The third definition shares, along with the other two definitions, the positivist epistemological supposition that the border is a specific entity that can be known and experienced as such by any observer, no matter their social site. This paper is to support the definition of the border as a hyperreality constituted by speeches, practices, and experiences of the different social actors. From this posture, the image of the border as a formal geopolitical division is interpreted as a sustained image and reproduced by government agencies. Likewise, this writing is to support the documentation and promotion of alternative images constructed and reproduced by social actors from different power sites.
Trabajo infantil jornalero agrícola, políticas de libre comercio y globalización
Authors: López Limón Mercedes Gema
Published: April 2020

El trabajo infantil asalariado en los cultivos de exportación en el valle de Mexicali, forma parte de los procesos macroeconómicos ligados a las políticas de libre comercio y a la globalización de la economía, y es estudiado como producto del deterioro de las condiciones de vida y de trabajo de las familias campesinas, en un mercado laboral necesitado de fuerza de trabajo barata, en este punto concreto, del mercado mundial. Aunque este trabajo se centra en el valle de Mexicali, presentamos algunos datos del valle de San Quintín, centro agrícola de Baja California donde se presenta el trabajo infantil. Analizaremos el rol del trabajo infantil en la economía, las condiciones en que se desarrolla y las consecuencias que les acarrea, en su futuro. También revisaremos el marco jurídico nacional e internacional sobre el trabajo de menores y las propuestas posibles para erradicarlo, pues el trabajo infantil, reconocido ya como reproductor de pobreza, repercute no sólo en los destinos personales de esta niñez, sino en el destino regional mismo y el de México como nación.
COVID-19 Enfeksiyonu Olan Gebelerde İlaç Kullanımı
Authors: TIRMIKÇIOĞLU Zeynep
Published: April 2020

Coronavirus ailesi, basit soğuk algınlığından
ciddi solunum yolu sendromlarına kadarçeşitli hastalıklara neden olabilen bir
virüs ailesidir. Gebelikte Coronavirus enfeksiyonlarını takiben normal ve
anormal sonuçlar bildirilmiş olup bebeklerde herhangi bir malformasyon
tanımlanmamıştır. 2019 yılında Coronaviruse bağlı yeni bir solunum yolu
enfeksiyonu tanımlanmış ve COVID-19 adı verilmiştir. COVID-19’a neden olan
virüs ise 2019- nCoV olarak isimlendirilmiştir. COVID-19’un spesifik bir
tedavisi bulunmamakla birlikte semptomatik hastaların tedavisinde oseltamivir
ve hidroksiklorokin kullanılmaktadır. Pnömonili olgularda antiviral tedaviye
azitromisin de eklenebilmektedir. Oseltamivir ve hidroksiklorokine yanıt
vermeyen hastalarda, ikinci seçenek tedavi olarak lopinavir/ ritonavir
kullanılabilmektedir. Bugüne kadar gebe kadınların COVID-19 enfeksiyonuna daha
duyarlı oldukları veya COVID-19 enfeksiyonu olanların daha şiddetli pnömoni
geliştirmeye yatkın olduğuna dair bir kanıt yoktur. Klinisyenler anneye ve
bebeğe zarar verir miyim düşüncesiyle gebe hastayı tedavi etmekten ve ilaç
kullanmaktan çekinebilirler. Aynı zamanda pek çok gebe kadın, tedavinin bebeği
için zararlı olabileceğini düşünebilir. COVID-19 tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçlar
teratojenik riskleri açısından doğru değerlendirilmelidir. Bu literatür
derlemesi, COVID-19 tedavisi için seçilen ilaçların gebelikte kullanımını ve
gebelik sonuçlarını sunmaktadır. Olası teratojenik etkilerin
değerlendirilmesinden sonra, semptomu olan gebe hastalar da diğer yetişkin
bireylere uygulanan ilaçlarla tedavi edilebilir. Enfeksiyonun gebelikte seyri ve kullanılan ilaçların gebelik
ve fetus üzerine etkilerinin değerlendirileceği geniş çaplı epidemiyolojik
çalışmalara gereksinim vardır.
Portaria nº 12, de 10 de janeiro de 1953
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: April 2020

Considerando o art. 94, da Lei Orgânica do Ensino Secundário, aprovada pelo Decreto-Lei nº 4.244, de 9 de abril de 1942, o Ministro da Educação e Saúde, Ernesto Simões da Silva Freitas Filho, no governo de Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (1951-1954) expediu a Portaria nº 12, de 10 de janeiro de 1953, facultando a matrícula de alunos cegos nos estabelecimentos de ensino secundários. Tendo em vista a relevância da citada Portaria, para a História da Educação dos cegos no Brasil, é que se publica nesta Seção de Documento.
Para ler o mundo no fluxo do presente
Authors: Farias Carlos Aldemir , Romão Manoel Honório
Published: April 2020

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Olhares sobre as dinâmicas alimentares transculturais nos territórios de atenção à saúde indígena de Oriximiná, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Castro Nádile Juliane Costa de
Published: April 2020

A Casa de Saúde Indígena (CASAI) é uma casa de apoio e passagem para povos indígenas que precisam sair de suas aldeias. A partir deste serviço são realizados tratamentos para saúde em outros níveis de complexidades e em centros urbanos além dos oferecidos pela atenção básica de saúde e dentro da rede de atenção a saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde. No mais, a CASAI é um território de saúde, e como tal é organizada para o processo de trabalho da equipe multiprofissional em saúde. Nestes termos, deve oferecer infraestrutura e características que dinamizem com as questões sociais e culturais dos povos indígenas garantido o acesso e acessibilidade.

Estes territórios, em geral, são espaços que possuem dinâmicas interculturais em função da logística inserida entre aldeias e centro urbanos, e interdisciplinar em função dos diversos contextos relativos ao programa de saúde e dos profissionais que compõe a equipe de execução e apoio aos serviços. Por certo, advém entender que a atenção à saúde nestes territórios deve sempre estar atrelada ao cuidado cultural em função de considerar as singularidades de povos tradicionais (LEININGER, 2001). De todo modo, a saúde é inerente a cultura, pois, seus processos incluem regras e condições (CAMPOS, 2002) que quando inseridas nas competências e habilidades profissionais conseguem realizar ações efetivas em saúde.

Nesta direção, este ensaio foi realizado por meio de um estudo de caso[i][ii] (YIN, 2015) executado no ano 2018 e reúne um grupo de imagens relativas as dinâmicas de alimentação e nutrição nas adjacências[iii] da CASAI de Oriximiná, PA. É um grupo de 10 imagens que buscam não somente o registro do momento, mas, por meio deste, promover a reflexão sobre o cuidado cultural e as novas demandas de agravos percebidos no contexto de atenção aos povos indígenas e aos novos e antigos hábitos alimentares e dentro do contexto amazônico como propõe Simonian (2007).

É interessante, portanto, refletir a partir desses registros aspectos como das políticas de incentivos a práticas alimentares saudáveis, dos povos indígenas como cidadão e seus direitos a promoção à saúde. No mais, tais visualidades permitem olhares a estes contextos e possibilitam reflexões relativas as competências culturais e necessidade de implementações destas aos profissionais de saúde.
Doces de Crianças
Authors: Freitas Morena Barroso Martins de
Published: April 2020

Neste trabalho, trago algumas giras festivas e de consulta de ibejada - as Crianças que integram o panteão de divindades da umbanda e são tema de minha pesquisa de doutorado - observadas em centros de umbanda do Rio de Janeiro. Tomando a presença e circulação de doces nesses rituais, procuro pensar em como e o que a comida nos comunica acerca dessas entidades e desses eventos. Os doces alimentam e qualificam essas Crianças. Balas, cocadas, suspiros, peras e maçãs circulam nesses rituais materializando, mediando e comunicando conselhos, proteção, agradecimentos, pedidos e devoção.
Entre Brasil e Bolívia
Authors: Vieira Eloah
Published: April 2020

Neste artigo, discutimos a influência da imigração no trabalho doméstico a partir das experiências de mulheres bolivianas na cidade de São Paulo. Para isto, realizamos observação participante e entrevistas. Concluímos que as interlocutoras são as principais responsáveis pelo trabalho doméstico em suas casas. A imigração não significou maior participação de seus maridos neste trabalho. Entretanto, há diversas formas de articulação deste trabalho; algumas delas com particularidades relacionadas ao fato de as interlocutoras serem imigrantes.