bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON THE HEALTHY EATING HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS OF ADOLESCENTS
Authors: ÖZPULAT Funda , BİLİR Nazmi
Published: June 2021

This research was aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention on healthy eating habits and physical activity levels of high school students. The research was conducted in two stages with a total of 800 students from 4 schools between the dates of 25.12.2016 - 31.05.2017. In the first stage, a questionnaire form consisting of 21 questions was applied to all students, and their height and weight measurements were collected. In the second stage, the planned educational intervention was implemented (n = 490) and the height and weight measurements of the students were collected again. The perception of students' body structures changed according to their genders before the intervention (p=.006), however, after the intervention, there was no correlation between the gender of students and their perception of their bodies. In addition, it was determined that the rate of those who stated that they, generally, had a healthy diet after the intervention increased from 38.8% to 52.2%. According to the results obtained from the research conducted, female students, at higher rates, perceive their weight incorrectly than male students. The intervention had little effect on the BMI of the students, while the proportion of those who had a healthy diet, and those who were physically active had increased. Based on the results obtained, it can be said that increasing the number of intervention programs and studies targeting adolescents will be effective in achieving positive results.
Ex vivo generation and maintenance of human Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-specific T cells lacking alloreactivity v1
Authors: Molvi Zaki
Published: June 2021

T cells recognizing Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) can be generated ex vivo from most immunocompetent human subjects and maintained in vitro for extended periods of time. EBV T cells generally display viral antigen-specificity, high cytolytic and inflammatory capacity, and when repeatedly sensitized to autologous EBV blasts, lack xeno- or alloreactivity. Thus, EBV T cells are of high utility for in vitro and in vivo studies involving human T cell transduction, e.g. of a CAR or TCR, or as responder cells for assaying the activity of T cell-specific immunomodulatory agents such as bispecific antibodies or BiTEs. EBV T cells have also been used clinically to treat EBV+ malignancies in several independently conducted studies. This protocol details the basic in vitro steps necessary to generate EBV T cells to supplement what is described in the expansive literature making use of these cells.
The Efficacy of Prophylactic Intravenous Granisetron in Preventing Post Anaesthesia Shivering in Gynaecological Patients Undergoing Surgery Under General Anaesthesia
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ooi Su Min Joanna
Published: June 2021

Post-anaesthetic shivering is one of the commonest complications during emergence from general anaesthesia with the rate of occurrence between 5 to 65%. It increases oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production resulting in delayed recovery from anaesthesia and other adverse events. Granisetron is one of the drugs used to prevent post-anaesthetic shivering. This prospective, double-blind and randomised control study compared the efficacy of prophylaxis IV granisetron at 2 mg and 3 mg doses in preventing post-anaesthetic shivering. There were 104 patients, ASA I and II scheduled for elective open gynaecological surgery recruited and randomised into 2 groups: Group A and B, receiving 2 and 3 mg of IV granisetron, resepectively. Intravenous anaesthetic drugs were administered and tracheal intubation was facilitated by muscle paralysis. Patients’ baseline and periodic tympanic core temperatures were measured perioperatively. The incidence and severity of shivering were assessed postoperatively using Wrench Scoring Classification whereby Group A and B had 8.3% and 16.7% of incidence, respectively, in which they were not statistically significant (p = 0.199). All patients from both groups who shivered experienced Grade 1 shivering except for one patient who registered a Grade 2 in Group B. None of our patients had Grade 3 or 4 shivering postoperatively. No one experienced nausea or vomiting in the recovery area. Prophylactic IV granisetron of 2 mg and 3 mg were equally effective in reducing the incidence and severity of post-anaesthetic shivering in gynaecological patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia with no unpleasant side effects.
Comparative Analyses of Serological Biomarkers and Disease Characteristics between Elderly-onset and Younger-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Sakthiswary Rajalingham
Published: June 2021

The onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may occur any time after the age of 16 years. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and serological differences between elderly onset RA (EORA); which is begins at the age of 60 and above, with younger onset RA (YORA). A total of 69 EORA and 82 YORA female patients were enrolled in this study. Data on medications, disease duration, age at onset, disease activity at onset and laboratory parameters were collected by reviewing the medical records. All patients had their blood samples taken for serum anticyclic citrulinated peptide (anti-CCP), IgA rheumatoid factor (RF), IgM RF and IgG RF. Besides, the subjects were assessed for their radiographic joint damage based on Modified Sharp Score (MSS) and functional disability based on the Health Assessment Questionnaire-disability Index (HAQ-DI) scores. Despite comparable disease duration and frequency of seropositivity, the YORA group had significantly higher disease activity at onset of the disease (p=0.009). In keeping with this finding, the YORA group had more severe joint damage based on radiographic assessment (MSS scores of 17.49+19.04 versus 10.04+12.79). The YORA group had significantly higher levels of IgA RF and anti-CCP with p-values of 0.035 and 0.002, respectively. Our findings suggest that YORA is associated with more severe disease, worse radiographic joint damage and higher levels of anti-CCP and IgA RF.
See Beyond The Seen: Ischemic Cardiomyopathy with Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Er Lay Ze Elise
Published: June 2021

Cardiomyopathy can have different aetiologies. Patient may present with typical symptoms of acute heart failure or ischemic chest pain, depending on the underlying aetiologies. It is the responsibility of the treating physician to find out the cause as prompt treatment could possibly alter the prognosis of the patient, but at the same time bearing in mind other possible diagnosis apart from the one which is obvious. In this case, we present a lady who came with breathlessness and no chest pain. She was tachycardic and tachypnoeic upon arrival and her electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ischemic changes in the inferior and lateral leads. Bedside echocardiogram showed dilated left ventricle. Her cardiac biomarker was raised, making an ischemic event unlikely to be excluded. She eventually succumb to her illness. The objective of this case report was to highlight the importance of keeping an open mind about the differential diagnoses available, knowing that the conditions could have overlap features.
Strangulated Diaphragmatic Hernia in an Elderly Man
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Hayati Firdaus
Published: June 2021

A congenital diaphragmatic hernia is very uncommon among adults. A diaphragmatic hernia is primarily acute in onset and it is usually identified after trauma. It occurs mostly on the left side. We would like to report a 68-year-old male who presented with a 4-day history of acute intestinal obstruction with a background history of change in bowel habit for a month secondary to a right diaphragmatic hernia. He did not have any history of trauma. Clinical examination revealed a distended abdomen with high pitched bowel sound and no palpable mass. The right lung was inaudible on auscultation. Computed tomography scan was consistent with a right diaphragmatic hernia and acute intestinal obstruction. We highlight the late onset of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia and emphasize the vital need for perioperative management to ensure a promising surgical outcome.
Panorama e perspectivas da produção de vinho no Estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Toledo Mylena Letícia , Ferreira Karine Araújo , Rodrigues Lásara Fabrícia
Published: June 2021

Nos últimos anos, a produção de vinhos, e em especial, os vinhos finos, tem crescido em quantidade e qualidade no Estado de Minas Gerais, aspectos advindos principalmente da aplicação de técnicas de inovação e manejo, tais como a chamada de dupla poda ou poda invertida. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo elaborar um panorama sobre o setor vitivinícola de Minas Gerais, destacando suas principais características, produtos e serviços ofertados, canais de distribuição e especificidades da produção de vinhos no Estado. Para atender esse objetivo foram desenvolvidos doze estudos de caso exploratórios em vinícolas da região Sul de Minas Gerais e do Vale do Jequitinhonha (cidade de Diamantina), visitações in loco e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os responsáveis pela produção de vinho das vinícolas pesquisadas. Dentre os principais resultados, é possível verificar que há significativas diferenças entre as duas regiões no que se refere ao tipo de vinho produzido e comercializado. A produção do Sul de Minas Gerais é ainda prioritariamente caracterizada por um setor familiar, onde se destacam vinícolas com mais de 100 anos de história. Adicionalmente, o maior percentual de produção e vendas dessas vinícolas advém do vinho de mesa, que é o tipo de vinho mais difundido no Brasil, e cujo público alvo são consumidores que buscam um produto com um preço mais acessível. Por outro lado, em Diamantina, toda produção é constituída pelo vinho fino e busca atender um consumidor de maior poder aquisitivo e que busca um produto diferenciado.
O TABELAMENTO DO DANO MORAL NA JUSTIÇA DO TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA SOB A ÓTICA DO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA E DO PROCESSO CONSTITUCIONAL DEMOCRÁTICO
Authors: Costa Fabricio Veiga , Batista Tadeu Saint´Clair Cardoso , Machado Julia Alves Almeida
Published: June 2021

A Lei 13.467/2017 e Medida Provisória 808/2017 instituíram o tabelamento do dano moral na justiça do trabalho, estabelecendo como critério do quantum indenizatório o salário do empregado. Tais disposições legislativas são materialmente inconstitucionais, pois ofendem do direito fundamental à igualdade material, além de segregar e coisificar pessoas. Impede-se a análise casuística da extensão do dano, constituindo ofensa ao acesso à justiça e ao modelo constitucional de processo democrático. Privilegia-se o protagonismo judicial em detrimento do direito de as partes envolvidas na lide construírem discursivamente o provimento final. O acesso à justiça é um direito que se efetiva quando as partes podem participar da construção do mérito processual, tendo suas alegações e provas racionalmente analisadas pelo julgador. A escolha do tema justifica-se em razão de sua atualidade, relevância prática e teórica, pois por meio das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental foi possível identificar aporias, construir análises críticas e demonstrar que a proposta de tarifação do dano moral na justiça do trabalho constitui ofensa à igualdade material, acesso à justiça e modelo constitucional do processo.
Amplitude and phase shift due to caustics
Authors: Choi A. P. , Hron F.
Published: June 2021

abstract

The formal integral solution for an arbitrary ray in a plane parallel-layered, vertically inhomogeneous elastic medium is evaluated using a modified third-order saddle point method. The result, which reduces to the Airy function solution where the latter is valid, is shown to be more generally valid and just as simple to compute.

In addition, it is shown that the phase shift due to caustics is intimately related to the occurrence of turning points along the ray. An expression is derived explicitly relating this phase shift to the number of turning points and to whether the ray is on a direct or reverse travel-time branch.
ARAP DİLİNDEKİ اَم ve اَوْ EDATLARI İLE İLGİLİ BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KIRCI Recep
Published: June 2021

Öz.
Edatlar dilde önemli unsurlardandır. Geçmişten günümüze Dünya üzerinde kullanımı süre gelen köklü dillerde kelime grupları içerisinde edatlara özel bir önem verilmiştir. Bu dillerden biri olan Arapçada da edatlar göz ardı edilmemiştir. Edatlar ilk dönem Arap dili gramerine ait eserlerin bazısında konu içerisinde ele alınmıştır. Ancak ilerleyen dönemlerde sırf edatlarla ilgili eserler hazırlanmıştır. Arap dilindeki edatlardan biri de atıf harfleridir. Bu atıf harfleri içerisinde yer alan (أَمْ) ve (أَوْ) edatları Türkçede ‘veya, yahut, ya da’ gibi anlamları ifade ederek benzer anlamlara gelmekle müterâdif/anlamdaş kelimelere benzemektedirler. Sözü geçen iki edat Arap dilinde atıf harflerinden sayılmakla beraber ilk dönem eserlerinde atıf harflerinden bağımsız ayrı bir başlık altında da ele alınmıştır. İlk dönemde telîf edilen eserlerin incelenmesi sonucu bu iki edatın bazı durumlarda cümle içerisinde kullanımı eşit olmakla beraber bazı durumlarda ikisinden sadece birinin kullanımına cevaz verildiği fark edilmiştir.
Abstract
Prepositions are the most important thing in a language. From past to this day in long established languages, prepositions are given necessary important in the world one of these lanhuages Arabic couldnt avoid prepositions as well. Propositions are included in works of some early Arap grammer. Later, there has been some other works only about prepositions. In the language of Arabic one of the prepositions of connectives are (أَمْ) and (أَوْ) prepositions of connectives are the same meanings of “either, or” in Turkish which makes it synonymous. These two Arabic propositions are anathor subject independently from connectives. İn a result of observing of those early written works, these two propositions are used in same situations but sometimes can be used only one of them.
Pancytopenia and transient synovitis of hip joint in a SARS CoV-2 positive pregnant female: a case report
Authors: Gaurav Amrita , Mishra Juhi , Sharma Rahul , Khoiwal Kavita , Yadav Rajkumar , Chaturvedi Jaya
Published: June 2021

Pregnant women are at an increased risk for severe COVID-19 illness. Apart from the typical clinical manifestations, atypical presenting features of COVID-19 are also being found. We report the case of a 20 years old COVID positive antenatal patient with pancytopenia. The patient presented with scar tenderness and was taken up for emergency caesarean section at a platelet count of 5860 per microlitre. She was managed with intraoperative and postoperative transfusion of blood products. She developed chronic persistent hip pain and was diagnosed to have transient synovitis of the hip joint, which was managed conservatively. COVID-19 is a new disease with evolving clinical presentation. Pancytopenia and synovitis of hip are a rare manifestation of COVID-19 and has never been reported in a pregnant woman with COVID-19.
A rare case of spindle cell tumour of mesentery
Authors: Shaikh Aftab S. , Tandur Amarjeet E. , Ghosh Ahana , Bhandarwar Ajay H. , Loungani Lavina , Shaikh Nilofar A.
Published: June 2021

We herein reported a rare case of a patient who developed a spindle cell tumor of the mesentery. A 45 years old female with a previous history of hysterectomy presented with pain in the abdomen for two weeks. CT scan was suggestive of a well-defined solid, enhancing lesion in the right pelvic region and iliac fossa measuring 10.9×13.9×15.1 cm, abutting right ovary, ileocaecal junction, caecum, appendix and rectosigmoid junction (possible differentials) are right ovarian neoplastic lesion or desmoid tumor. The patient was planned for surgery underwent laparotomy, where the mass appeared to originate from the mesentery (15×12) in dimensions and was adherent to distal ileum and caecum. The mass was inseparable, hence, the right quadra colectomy was taken and the whole mass with distal ileum and caecum and right colon was excised and ileocolic anastomosis was done. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as a spindle cell tumor. Follow up of the patient had been uneventful.
Clinical Study on Correlation of HbA1c with Different Grades of Diabetic Retinopathy at S.V.R.R.G.G.H, Tirupati – A Hospital Based Descriptive Correlative Study
Authors: Bukke Sidda Naik , Badugu Rama Lakshmi , Gurapa Ramachandraiah , Gopavaram Sree Pushpa Vani , Bukkacherla Rama Thulasi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) are 25 times more likely to become blind than non-diabetics.1 One of the main difficulties in establishing a relationship between the degree of hyperglycemia and the long-term complications of diabetes is the lack of a reliable and objective method for the assessment of diabetic control. Recordings of glycated proteins, serum proteins, and primary hemoglobin, have added a new dimension to glycemia assessment. HbA1c has been known to be a marker to assess the long-term control of diabetes mellitus. Few studies have shown the correlation between HbA1c and different grades of DR in the past. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of HbA1c with different grades of diabetic retinopathy. METHODS A descriptive correlative study was conducted among 100 diabetic patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology in S.V.R.R.G.G. Hospital, Tirupathi, for a duration of one year. Relevant history regarding their diabetes was noted. The status of diabetic retinopathy in each patient was diagnosed by comprehensive ophthalmologic examination and classified according to the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) system. Patients were evaluated for their HbA1c levels. RESULTS Out of 100 patients, 43 % of participants were females, and the remaining 57 % were males. A statistically significant correlation was found between different grades of diabetic retinopathy and HbA1c levels. The other factor which had a significant correlation was the duration of diabetes and grade of retinopathy (P – value < 0.05). Age of the patient, gender of the patient, did not significantly correlate when compared in different grades of diabetic retinopathy (P - value > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A statistically significant correlation was found between HbA1c levels and the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Higher the level of HbA1c (indicating poor glycaemic control), the more severe is the grade of DR in those set of patients. KEYWORDS Diabetic Retinopathy, HbA1c, CSME
Study of Absolute Lymphocyte Count as a Marker of COVID 19 Disease Severity in Tertiary Care Centre, Suryapet
Authors: Devi Bellala Venkata Anuradha , Saritha Cigiri , Swarupa Ravuri , Anunayi Jeshtadi
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID - 19) as a global public health pandemic. Clinical and laboratory biomarkers to predict the severity of corona virus 2019 are essential in this pandemic. Lymphocyte count has been a marker of interest in order to investigate the association of lymphocyte count and severity of COVID-19. We would like to analyse the relationship between absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) & COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS We performed a retrospective study on patients admitted to Government general hospital, Suryapet for COVID-19 illness from September 1st 2020 to September 16th 2020. Age, gender and complete blood count of patients admitted in the hospital was collected. Haemoglobin, total leucocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophilic count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and platelet counts were compared between ICU and Non-ICU groups and comparison of absolute lymphocyte counts in each group - ICU alive, ICU death and non-ICU groups was carried out. RESULTS 134 patients who were admitted in the hospital were analysed. Mean age and gender were compared between ICU and Non-ICU groups. We compared ALC between ICU alive, ICU death and non-ICU groups. Mean ALC in ICU death group was 0.81, in ICU alive group 1.04 and in non-ICU as 1.75. We found that patients with disease severity have lower absolute lymphocyte counts. In addition to this we also found that there was neutrophilia and lower haemoglobin levels in ICU patients. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that lymphopenia, defined as absolute lymphocyte count less than 1.1 x 109 /L may be useful in predicting the severity of COVID-19 illness. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), Lymphopenia, SARS COV2
Evaluation of One Minute Preceptor (OMP) as a Teaching Tool for Interns in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology - A Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences
Authors: Cheema Harwinder Kaur , Arora Rajiv , Kumar Rakesh
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND In Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, one minute preceptor (OMP) is the 1st such teaching - learning tool, which has been used in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a busy out-patient set up for effective clinical teaching for interns. We wanted to assess the perception of interns for acceptability of one minute preceptor as a teaching tool in Obstetrics & Gynaecology Department. We also wanted to assess the feasibility & acceptability of one minute preceptor as a teaching tool for the faculty in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in PIMS. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was done in Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, with 30 interns posted on rotational duty in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 6 faculty members were sensitized along with interns for teaching one minute preceptor. 3 sessions were conducted with 3 different topics. Thereafter perception of interns & faculty was obtained through validated questionnaire. Data analysis was done by calculating percentage & frequency. Qualitative analysis was done by thematic analysis and word cloud. RESULTS Almost all learners agreed that one minute preceptor (OMP) is better than traditional teaching methods as it helps in building concepts of the subject. 83.3 % interns admitted that OMP brings out the strengths & weakness in them. All learners were of the view that OMP enhances clinical reasoning skills. All members of the faculty agreed that all domains of learning are assessed during OMP and felt that OMP can be used as a teaching tool in busy OPD. CONCLUSIONS One-minute preceptor has been proved to be an effective teaching tool in the busy OPD set up. It helps to teach essential skills to diagnose & manage common Obstetrical & Gynaecological problems in a short span of time. KEYWORDS One-Minute Preceptor (OMP), Obstetrics & Gynaecology (OBG), Teaching Tool, Internship, Out-Patient Department (OPD)
Role of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis – A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Tirupati
Authors: Gandikota Venkata Prakash , Challapalli Srikanth Reddy , Karimaddela Keerthinmayee , Chinni Anupama
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) runs a moderately severe and severe course in around 20 % - 30 % of cases. It can progress into severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and pancreatic necrosis if not appropriately intervened. This study aims to study the effect of low molecular weight heparin in treating acute pancreatitis. METHODS This was a prospective hospital-based study. Patients presenting to the emergency ward in our hospital with acute pancreatitis features with a duration of 72 hours or less and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. They were randomly divided into those receiving standard care alone, and standard care low molecular weight heparin in addition to routine management, and results were calculated using the chi-square test. RESULTS The number of patients in the present study was 100. The most common age group affected was 30 - 40 years. Out of 100, 94 were male patients, and 6 were female patients. There is no notable difference in the mean age group between the groups. The recovery percentage is 98 % in patients with low molecular weight heparin. The recovery rate is 86 % in patients without low molecular weight heparin. The mortality rate is 2 % in patients with low molecular weight heparin. The mortality rate is 14 % in patients without low molecular weight heparin. It was found that the low molecular weight heparin usage has brought a significant difference in the patients. Outcome affected with acute pancreatitis had a significant P - value of 0.02. CONCLUSIONS The low molecular weight heparin by its property of improving the micro circulations relieves the abdominal pain, prevents the disease's further progression, and hence reduces the duration of hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality associated with the disease and enhances the recovery rate. KEYWORDS Acute Pancreatitis, Severe Acute Pancreatitis, Low Molecular Weight Heparin, Microcirculation, Systemic Inflammatory Response
Psychiatric Morbidity among Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis - A Cross-Sectional Study at Government Medical College, Kottayam
Authors: Abdullah Shameena , P.G. Saji , Kaimal Ganga Gangadhara
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue to be discussed in this current era due to its increasing prevalence. The burden due to chronic kidney disease is very high especially in low and middle income countries. The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity is high in patients undergoing haemodialysis. The presence of psychiatric illness increases the risk of hospitalisation and mortality in patients with end stage renal disease. This study was conducted to assess the psychiatric morbidity of patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance haemodialysis. METHODS Descriptive research design was used for the study. The sample of the study consisted of 180 patients above the age of 18 years with chronic kidney disease undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. A specially designed pro-forma, ICD 10 symptoms check list, and ICD 10 diagnostic criteria for research are the tools used for the study. RESULTS Most of the patients were from 41 - 50 years age group (27.8 %) with a mean age of 47.43 and majority were males (74.4 %). 45.6 % patients had plan for renal transplant and 62.2 % patients were on twice weekly haemodialysis. The primary diagnosis was chronic glomerulonephritis in 33.9 % and diabetic nephropathy in 32.8 % of study participants. 11.7 % of study participants had IgA nephropathy and 9.4 % of study participants had ischemic renal failure. 23.9% of participants were found to have psychiatric morbidity. The most common psychiatric illness was depression which was reported in 15.0 % of study population. 6.1 % of participants had adjustment disorder, 2.2 % had anxiety disorder and 0.6 % had psychosis. The mean duration of dialysis was 2 years in patients with psychiatric illness. CONCLUSIONS A male preponderance was found in the study population. High psychiatric morbidity is found among patients undergoing haemodialysis and depression is the most common psychiatric disorder identified. KEYWORDS Psychiatric Morbidity, Haemodialysis
Variations in the Biceps Brachii in North Bengal - An Observational Study
Authors: Bhar Arnab , Biswas Ananya
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND Supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii are a common anatomical variation, with an incidence of 3.7 % to 20.5 % in various studies carried out around the world. They can occur in various forms, and produce a range of clinical symptoms, such as impingement syndromes at the shoulder joint, and nerve-compression syndromes in the arm. An awareness of these variations is helpful when assessing patients with pain symptoms in the region of the shoulder and arm. The purpose of this study was to examine the morphology, nerve supply, and variations in morphology, of the biceps brachii in a population in Eastern India. METHODS This observational study was carried out on 20 (17 males, 3 females) formalinembalmed cadavers during routine gross anatomy dissection of the upper limb, using standard dissection methods. We examined the morphology, nerve supply, and variations in morphology, of the biceps brachii in a population in Eastern India. RESULTS Three upper limbs (7.5 % out of 40 limbs) showed supernumerary heads. In one male, a third humeral head of origin, from the anteromedial surface of the shaft of the humerus was observed in the left upper limb. In another male cadaver, we found a unique case with bilateral third heads with an aponeurotic origin from the capsule of the shoulder joint, with the third head comparable in size and bulk to the long and short heads. The remaining upper limbs showed the usual morphology, with the long head originating intracapsularly from the supraglenoid tubercle of the humerus and the glenoid labrum, and the short head from the tip of the coracoid process of the scapula. Insertions were usual. CONCLUSIONS Our study found an incidence of 7.5 % in a population sample from Eastern India, North Bengal. Supernumerary heads can occur in various forms, and can result in varied clinical symptoms. KEYWORDS Biceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii Variations, Supernumerary Head, Third Head, Humeral Head, Long Head of Biceps
Malignant Bowel Obstruction due to Metastatic Carcinoma of Buccal Mucosa - A Case Report
Authors: Katiar Vikas , Vineet Kumar , Yadav Amit , Kamthan Ankita , Singh Shubham
Published: June 2021

Cancers of the oral cavity are one of the most common malignancies encountered among cancer patients in India.1 There are different histological variants of oral cavity cancers, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is most common among them. The main etiological factors implicated for development of oral cavity cancers are tobacco chewing and alcohol use.2 In India, carcinoma of buccal mucosa has the highest incidence among all the oral cavity cancers.3 The mean age of presentation is 50 years.4 Incidence among males is three times that of females.5 Most of the patients present in advanced stage (Stage III & IV) with majority in stage IV.6 Metastasis from oral cavity cancer takes place by detachment, invasion, proliferation and evasion through lymphatic system and blood vessels. It is regulated at various levels in the body.7 Most common sites of distant metastasis from oral cavity cancers are lungs and liver. Sometimes vertebral bone metastasis is also seen among patients. Metastasis to omentum and intra peritoneal organs other than liver is very rare.
Роль игры в анимационных технологиях с детьми и подростками
Authors: Воронова А.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье предпринята попытка обоснования ключевой роли анимационной деятельности при работе с детьми и подростками. Автор рассматривает понятие анимации, характеристики игры в анимационных технологиях и ее место в организации анимационных программ для детей и подростков при решении образовательных задач. Подчёркивается, что включение анимационных мероприятий в школьную программу даёт возможность задействовать творческий потенциал обучающегося.
Психологическое консультирование методом транзактного анализа
Authors: Родермель Т.А. , Сычева В.С.
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматриваются теоретические основы понятия «психологическое консультирование», в том числе, проанализирован процесс психотерапии в психологической консультации, а также представлен более подробно метод транзактного анализа в работе психолога. В данной статье, мы можем видеть не только теоретические представления, но и описание структуры индивидуального консультирования, а также групповую психотерапевтическую работу в консультации. Сделаны выводы о позитивном применении транзактного анализа в работе психолога, но и показан процесс в стремлении клиента к личностному росту.
Подходы к пониманию экологической безопасности в изучении международных отношений
Authors: Хлопов О.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье обсуждаются экологические проблемы, которые бросает вызов доминирующим структурам и практикам международных отношений, Признание антропоцена новой геологической эрой бросает вызов базовому пониманию значения безопасности. Автором раскрываются zсодержание дискурсов об экологической безопасности, обосновываются актуальность изучения проблем экологической безопасности в рамках изучения международных отношений, подчеркивается вывод о том, что доминирующие концепции и практики в рамках международных исследований ограничивают представление о том, как международное сообщество может и должно реагировать на решения глобальных экологических проблем.
Эффективность использования методов государственного регулирования
Authors: Старикова О.С.
Published: June 2021

В период трансформационных процессов в мировой экономике и обществе, эффективность применения методов государственного регулирования приобретает значительную важность. Использование методов государственного регулирования экономики вызвано определенными причинами, однако существует достаточно недостатков, которые требуют определенных комплексных подходов со стороны органов управления.
Основные этапы построения бухгалтерского учета в коммерческой организации
Authors: Забелов Г.В.
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассмотрено понятие бухгалтерского учета и приведены основные этапы ведения бухгалтерского учета в коммерческой организации.
Показатели неспецефической резистентности у лошадей, потреблявших льняной жмых
Authors: Тарасова А.О.
Published: June 2021

Приводятся результаты исследований по изучению влияния различных дозировок льняного жмыха на показатели неспецифической резистентности у молодняка лошадей 9 - 12 месячного возраста по периодам опыта (в начале опыта, в середине и в конце опыта). Установлено, что у молодняка лошадей опытных групп, получавших в составе рациона льняной жмых, отмечалась более устойчивая неспецифическая резистентность, о чем свидетельствовали фагоцитарные реакции этих животных. Это выражается в общем укреплении организма, повышении его защитных возможностей в борьбе с различными возбудителями болезней.
The main stages of the process of formation and development of inclusive education in the United States in the context of multicultural educational policy
Authors: Kurysheva E.S.
Published: June 2021

This article identifies the main stages of the formation of inclusive education (segregative, integrative, inclusive), reveals the evolutionary nature of inclusive education. The article analyzes the content of the main document regulating the right to education of children with alternative development - The Law on Education of Persons with Disabilities (1975).
Ситуативные смысловые установки личности в период пандемии COVID-19
Authors: Ковальчук Д.Ф.
Published: June 2021

В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, ориентированного на выявление ситуативных смысловых установок, сформированных у населения в период пандемии COVID-19. Исследование проходило с апреля по декабрь 2020 года в режиме онлайн с использованием метода свободных ассоциаций и онлайн-опроса. В исследовании приняли участие 384 респондента трудоспособного возраста (от 30 лет до 61 года). В результате проведенного исследования были выделены пять смысловых установок относительно происхождения COVID-19: адекватные, конспирологические, мистические, религиозные и скептические.
Проблема в понимании состава административного правонарушения за неисполнение законными представителями несовершеннолетних обязанностей по содержанию и воспитанию несовершеннолетних
Authors: Меркель Е.А.
Published: June 2021

В статье анализируется состав административного правонарушения за неисполнение законными представителями несовершеннолетних обязанностей по содержанию и воспитанию несовершеннолетних, предусмотренного ст. 5.35 Кодекса Российской Федерации об административных правонарушениях. Рассматриваются недостатки действующей редакции ст. 5.35 Кодекса Российской Федерации об административных правонарушениях, а также вопрос понимания различных подходов в восприятии и понимании ненадлежащего исполнения законными представителями несовершеннолетних обязанностей по содержанию и воспитанию несовершеннолетних.
Разработка скоринговой модели логистической регрессии при наличии экспертных ограничений
Authors: Жиеру Ю.С.
Published: June 2021

Кредитный скоринг можно опередить как метод начисления потенциальным заемщикам определенного количества баллов на основе информации из его анкетных данных, кредитной истории, социально-демографическом положении. Цель создания скоринга — предсказание случаев, связанных с отсутствием у заемщика намерения исполнять обязательства по кредиту. В основе оценки кредитоспособности могут лежать различные математические модели, и каждый банк выбирает наиболее оптимальные в зависимости от имеющихся в распоряжении банка ресурсов.
Inhibitory function and sustained attention following galvanic vestibular stimulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Hosseinabadi Mohammad , Mohammadkhani Ghassem , Rostami Reza , Aalmasi Afshin
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: In recent years, galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has been used as an effective method in rehabilitation and treat­ment of psychological disorders in children and adults. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of GVS on response inhibition and susta­ined attention in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods: Seventeen children with ADHD, within the age range of 9−12 years, participated in this study. All participants were exposed to the go/no-go task. The behavioral outcomes and event-related potentials were recorded at baseline status, in sham condition, and after 20 minutes of exposure to GVS polarities, with an anode on the right mastoid region and a cathode on the left mastoid region.
Results: The results showed that there was a sig­nificant difference in reducing the behavioral response of the commission error (p < 0.05). But the reduction in behavioral responses to omission error and reaction time were not significant (p > 0.05). However, regarding ERPs, reduced latencies and increased amplitudes of N2 and P3 waves were observed in GVS intervention, com­pared to the baseline and sham conditions (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The present results indicated the potential of GVS in improving of cognition func­tion in children with ADHD and could help us develop a new strategy for rehabilitation of res­ponse inhibition disorders in the future.
Keywords: Galvanic vestibular stimulation; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; go/no-go task; event-related potentials; motor control
Effectiveness of Morita Therapy on Emotional Distress and Social Isolation of Older Adult Women with Chronic Knee Pain
Authors: Dehghan Behnaz , Isazadegan Ali , Soleimani Esmaiel
Published: June 2021

Introduction: People do health care not only to diagnose and relieve pain but also to reduce pain, anxiety, and loneliness in their daily lives. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Morita therapy among older women suffering from emotional distress and social isolation with chronic knee pain.
Methods: The research method was pretest - posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included the older adults with chronic knee pain in the period of May to August 2020 in Tabriz, Iran. The sample consisted of 30 female patients aged 60-70 years with chronic knee pain who entered the study by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control group (15 patients each group). The research instruments included the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS). In the experimental group, Morita therapy was held during nine sessions for 90 minutes once a week.
Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed significant effectiveness of Morita therapy on emotional distress and social isolation (p < 0.001). Morita therapy significantly reduced patients' depression and anxiety scores (Eta = 0.68). In addition, the social isolation scores of the experimental group significantly reduced compared to the control group (p < 0.001), which indicates an increase in the quality of social network (Eta = 0.49).
Conclusion: Morita therapy can help reduce emotional distress and social isolation in older women with chronic knee pain and can be used in conjunction with other common therapies.
Validity and Reliability of Turkish Self Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale
Authors: Ekici Emine , Vatansever Nursel , Çolak Merve , Kozan Ezgi Hasret
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The most common nutritional problem observed among the aged is malnutrition. The study was conducted as methodological research to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish Self Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale (Self-MNA) among Turkish elderly people.
Methods: Data were collected from 131 aged individuals with the Sociodemographic Information Form, Mini Nutritional Assessment long-form (MNA), Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form (MNA-SF) and Self-MNA. In the study, test-retest, parallel form methods, lower 27%-upper 27% discrimination, ROC and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the scale. The scale was translated and then the final version was created by the views of three experts. A correlation analysis was conducted between MNA, MNA-SF and Self-MNA which are used as parallel forms.
Results: No statistically significant difference was found between test-retest scores of Self-MNA scores for reliability (p > 0.05). Positive relationships were found between Self-MNA and MNA and MNA-SF. Self-MNA scores of the upper 27% group were significantly higher than the Self-MNA scores of the lower 27% group. The appropriate cut-off value of Self MNA is determined as 12. Self-MNA scores below 12 points indicate that there may be a risk of malnutrition. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC = 0.718) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). At the cut-off value, the sensitivity is determined to be 75 and the specificity is 56.63.
 Conclusion: Self-MNA is a valid and reliable tool for screening the malnutrition status of the aged in Turkey.
Effect of a Six Week-Swimming Interval Training with Resveratrol Consumption on Apoptotic Markers in the Liver Tissue of Aged Rat
Authors: Mehboodi Maryam , Asgharpour Habib , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Rezaeeshirazi Reza
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Aging involves a decrease in  physiological function, physical activity and nutrition that modulate body functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six week- swimming interval training with resveratrol consumption on apoptotic markers in the liver tissue of aged rat.
Methods: In this experimental study, thirty-two 20-month aged rats weighing 350-370 g were divided into four groups of 8 rats including 1) sham, 2) training, 3) resveratrol and 4) training + resveratrol. For six weeks, groups 3 and 4 received 100 mg/kg of resveratrol supplementation dissolved in 1% methylcellulose daily by gavage, and groups 2 and 4 performed swimming training three times a week. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post- hoc test was used to analyze the data (p < 0.05).
Results: Bcl2 Gene expression levels in the resveratrol and the exercise + resveratrol groups were significantly higher than the sham and exercise groups (p < 0.05).  Bax levels in the exercise + resveratrol group were lower than the resveratrol group, and the levels in the resveratrol group were higher than the sham group(p <0.05).also Bax/Bcl2 levels in the exercise + resveratrol group were significantly lower than the exercise group(p < 0.05).
 Conclusion: It seems that swimming interval training with resveratrol consumption has beneficial effects on anti-apoptotic markers, however, the effect of swimming interval training on liver apoptosis in the aging is still unknown and more studies are needed in this field.
Non-Communicable Disease Mortality among a Sample of Older People in Iran from 2007 to 2018
Authors: Yousefi Masood , Papi Shahab , Abolfathi Momtaz Yadollah , Akbari Kamrani Ahmad Ali , Yousefi Mahdi , Fadayevatan Reza
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged population. Therefore, determining the causes of death among older people could be imperative. The purpose of this study was to investigate non-communicable disease mortality among a sample of older people in Iran from 2007 to 2018.
Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study that applied census sampling technique to investigate 1202 Medical Records of older adults (60 ≤ years old) died during 2007-2018 at three hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24 software.
Results: The mean age of participants was 77.4 ± 8.38. Of whom 50.7 % were male. The highest number of deaths were related to the internal ward (41.4%), CCU (29.3%) and ICU (25.6%), respectively. In addition, Angina pectoris, Respiratory disease and Cerebrovascular Accident were the most important cause of death among aged population. Also, the history of hospitalization (87.1%) and cardiovascular disease (82.2%), and hypertension (67.8%) were the prominent risk factors for mortality among aged population. According to chi-squared, there was a significant relationship between smoking and death attributed to cardiovascular diseases among older adults.
Conclusion: Angina pectoris, Respiratory disease and Cerebrovascular accident diseases are the most important cause of death among older adults. Prevention and screening programs should be implemented to discern and screen these chronic diseases at the early stage among older people.
Calculation of the Visit Costs of Various Services Provider Groups: Improvement of Payment Mechanisms
Authors: Sabermahani Asma , Jafari Siriz Mohammad , Barouni Mohsen
Published: June 2021

Background: Initiatives to improve the quality of health services and reduce costs currently have centered around payment mechanisms. In Iran, like many other countries, the outpatient visit costs are paid via fee for service, while real-time visits and other details of provided services are not considered in the tariff setting process. This study attempted to calculate the visit costs of various service provider groups and compared them with tariffs.
Methods: In this cross-sectional research, the essential data about different costs were collected from providers' offices, standard time of each visit was achieved from Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education, current visit time of service providers was calculated based on health insurance companies' data across the country. After calculating the standard and current visit costs through the activity-based costing technique, main determinants of costs (major cost centers) were specified for use in probably future weighted tariffs in fee for service payment mechanism.
Results: The greatest difference between standard and the current number of visits was found in the Sub-specialist physician group (6784 in a year), and the greatest difference was between standard and current cost of visits in sub-specialist psychiatrists (126703 IRR). Staffing and rental cost centers account for the highest share of total visit cost (87 %).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant difference between the current and standard visit costs with tariffs. Therefore, it is essential that policymakers improve the payment mechanism by modifying the visit tariffs for medical service providers. One suggestion in this way is using domestic relative value units according to costing research results.