bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChatGPT as an intelligent self-Continuous Professional Development tool for teachers
Authors: Hamza FAKHAR , Mohammed LAMRABET , Noureddine ECHANTOUFI , Karim OUADRHIRI , Khalid EL KHATTABI , Lotfi AJANA
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence, with its vast capabilities, has permeated various sectors of society, including education. This technological revolution has brought significant changes to both teaching and learning processes. This study aims to assess teachers' motivation to utilize AI-based tools, specifically ChatGPT, as a means of self-professional development to aid in the preparation of their pedagogical tasks. To this end, an online training session on the use of ChatGPT-4 was conducted with 41 physics teachers in the Fez-Meknes region of Morocco. During this training, teachers prepared lessons using both traditional and AI-enhanced methods. To measure their motivation towards the intelligent method, the IMMS-ARCS survey -based on four factors (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction)- was employed, a global Alpha Cronbach=0.901 indicates an excellent internal consistency between the 36 items. The results indicate that teachers generally exhibit a positive attitude towards using ChatGPT as an innovative tool that can assist and streamline their teaching tasks. Additionally, the findings reveal that the four motivational factors are positively correlated, with higher values of these predictors indicating greater overall teachers’ motivation to adopt ChatGPT-4 as an intelligent tool for self-development of a new skills to improve their competencies, ultimately, enhancing students’ outcomes.
Legal Antinomy in Exercising Civil Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Notarial Activities
Authors: Sendrawan Tjhong , Agustina Rosa , Makarim Edmon
Published: February 2025

This paper addresses the legal antinomy present in the exercise of civil rights for persons with disabilities (PWD) in notarial activities in Indonesia. The conflict arises between the need for legal certainty, as required by national laws, and the obligation to provide equal justice and access for PWD, as mandated by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Key provisions of the Indonesian Notary Law, particularly the Notary Law Amendment of 2014, impose barriers that hinder PWD from fully exercising their civil rights. These issues highlight the lack of clear guidelines for notaries in accommodating PWD, resulting in legal uncertainty and potential discrimination. This paper proposes legal reforms and emphasizes the need for notaries to act as facilitators of justice, ensuring equal access to civil rights for PWD in line with international human rights standards.The study employs doctrinal legal research methods, through literature reviews collected from various primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, such as international convention, notary laws, books, journals, dictionaries and research papers published relevant to the topic.  This article limits the analysis of human rights of PWD in accessing their civil rights services provided by a Notary. Notary needs to understand and carefully make legal judgment in providing advices and drawing up notarial acts with various kinds of circumstances involving disabilities. In the end, this paper acknowledges a significant finding that Article 16 paragraph 1 letter (c), Article 42 paragraph (2) and paragraph (3), Article 43 paragraph (3) of the Notary Law Amendment of 2014 currently hinder the exercise of civil rights of PWD. This article contributes both theoretically and empirically contribution to the ongoing discussion and presents perspectives from the Indonesian Constitutional Court Judgement Number 93/PUU-XX/2022, which amends the provisions of Article 433 Indonesian Civil Code and argues for the importance of a specific understanding and guidelines on this issue.
Multi-Model Approach for Stock Price Prediction and Trading Recommendations
Authors: Chen Zhenrui , Dai Zhibo , Xing Huiyan , Chen Junyu
Published: February 2025

The financial market has been at the forefront of machine learning applications since the 1980s, yet accurate stock price prediction remains a significant challenge due to market complexity and inherent volatility. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to stock market prediction through the integration of Linear Regression (LR), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) methods. We evaluate these approaches using historical data from five major stocks across different market sectors, demonstrating that traditional time series analysis methods can achieve comparable or superior performance to complex deep learning approaches when properly optimized. To validate our findings, we implement an integrated prediction and trading support system that provides automated data processing and real-time updates, enabling effective decision-making in dynamic market conditions. Our results suggest that the combination of multiple prediction approaches, coupled with automated trading support, can significantly enhance investment decision-making capabilities.
An Iterative Deflectometry Method of Reconstruction of Separated Specular Surfaces
Authors: Liu Cheng , Liu Jianhua , Xing Yanming , Ao Xiaohui , Shen Hongda , Yang Chunguang
Published: February 2025

Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) plays a more and more significant role in the measurement of specular surfaces. However, most of the deflectometric methods are only suitable for continuous specular surfaces, but not for the discontinuous surfaces. In this work, with the hardware of stereoscopic PMD, a mechanism is introduced that a specular surface can be reconstructed iteratively with the pre-known coordinate of a reflecting point. Based on the mechanism and the excellent local properties of the B-spline surface, a reconstruction method suitable for the both kinds of specular surfaces is proposed. Meanwhile, to resist the noise of the single point, this work mathematically analyses the mechanism of the method. With the mathematical conclusion, the sparse point cloud solved by stereoscopic PMD is employed to scale the B-spline surfaces, improving the accuracy of reconstruction. Simulated and actual experiments are carried out and the results show high accuracy and robustness of the PMD system and the reconstruction method.
The Key Requirements for the Greening of Emerging IT Technologies: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Ali Omar , Jaradat Ashraf , Khalifa Tarek
Published: February 2025

The Information Technology (IT) industry is not only an emerging global sector but also has the potential to support various business verticals. The rapid pace at which we demand and process information, and the significant convenience it brings to our lives, is remarkable. However, it is important to recognize that the IT industry, particularly the general computing sector, significantly contributes to energy consumption and carbon emissions. This systematic review aims to identify the key requirements for greening emerging technologies. The main objective of this study includes examining sources of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions within the IT sector and exploring the potential of various IT technologies to improve energy efficiency. This review study adopted systematic review processes that involved filtering 1988 academic articles down to 374 relevant studies, focusing on seven technologies: cloud computing, mobile computing, Internet of Things, big data analytics, networking, blockchain technology, and AI. Findings of this review study reveal a classification framework for these technologies, highlighting their unique contributions and potential for energy savings. The study emphasizes the importance of adopting cross-technology techniques to enhance sustainability. This review study demonstrateds by developing a comprehensive understanding of each technology's role in energy conservation and proposing integrative approaches to greening IT. This work provides a valuable reference for organizations aiming to implement green practices and supports future research in sustainable IT solutions.
Tailored Exercise Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome: Enhancing Cardiovascular Health Beyond Weight Loss and Diet
Authors: Cominacini Mattia , Braggio Michele , Dorelli Gianluigi , Olivato Nicola , Lamberti Vito , Valenti Maria Teresa , Dalle Carbonare Luca
Published: February 2025

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors that increase the likelihood of both acute events and chronic conditions. While exercise has been shown to improve individual risk factors associated with MS, research on its effects on MS as an integrated condition remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month Adapted Personalized Motor Activity (AMPA) program in improving health outcomes in individuals with MS. Methods: Seventy-one sedentary participants with MS (mean age: 63 ± 9.4 years; 46.5% female) completed a 6-month intervention incorporating moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance training. Each participant received a personalized exercise plan prescribed by a sports medicine physician. Training was monitored via telemetry to ensure safety. No dietary recommendations were provided during the intervention. Baseline and post-intervention assessments included Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, heart rate, lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), fasting glucose, and HbA1c. Results: Significant improvements were observed in fasting glucose (-10.6%; p < 0.001), HbA1c (-3.88%; p < 0.001), HDL cholesterol (+20.8%; p < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (-25.1%; p < 0.001), and VO₂ max (+8.6%; p < 0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure also decreased significantly, with reductions of -12% (p < 0.001) and -5.9% (p < 0.001), respectively. Reductions in weight and waist circumference were statistically significant but modest and clinically irrelevant, showing no correlation with improvements in cardio-metabolic parameters. Logistic regression and correlation matrix analyses were performed to identify key predictors of changes in individual risk factors. Conclusions: While personalized exercise alone may not fully control individual risk factors of metabolic syndrome, its overall effect is comparable to low-intensity pharmacological polytherapy with minimal adverse effects. These benefits appear to be independent of dietary habits, gender, and both baseline and post-intervention physical performance and anthropometric measures.
Bergamot and Olive Extracts as Beer Ingredients: Impact on Cell Viability, Reactive Oxygen Species and RNA Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes
Authors: Matrella Maria Laura , Amenta Bruna , Canino Francesco , Maffia Angela , Cocco Tiziana , Russo Mariateresa , Adele Muscolo
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the potential of incorporating Bergamot juice and olive extracts as functional ingredients in craft beer production, focusing on their effects on key biochemi-cal processes, including cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the regula-tion of RNA expression of antioxidant enzymes. The research aims to explore how these botanicals can enhance the health-related qualities of beer, transforming it from a mere beverage into a functional food that supports wellness. The effects of lyophilized beer samples on cellular ROS levels were assessed by treating fibroblast cells with 0.31 and 0.62 µg/µl concentrations of various beer samples for 24 and 48 hours. While basal beers (Blanche and Weiss) did not show significant changes in ROS levels, the addition of Ber-gamot juice in Heraclea and olive extract in Elais resulted in a significant decrease in ROS levels at both incubation times, indicating the potent antioxidant properties of these beers. At higher concentrations (0.62 µg/µl), a decrease in ROS was observed in Weiss beer-treated cells after 48 hours, while no such effect was noted in other beer samples treatment, possibly due to pro-oxidant behavior exhibited under certain conditions. Addi-tionally, gene expression analysis revealed that exposure to oxidative stress induced by t-BHP led to a significant upregulation of SOD2 expression in all beer-treated groups, ex-cept for Elais, suggesting an adaptive cellular response to oxidative damage. These find-ings underscore the complex role of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in modulating oxidative stress and enhancing cellular health. Overall, this study highlights the potential of functional craft beers, enriched with Bergamot and olive extracts, as innovative health-conscious options that provide both flavor and antioxidant benefits, paving the way for the future of wellness-focused brewing.
Problems in Modeling Three-Phase Three-Wire Circuits in the Case of Non-Sinusoidal Periodic Waveforms and Unbalanced Load
Authors: Zajkowski Konrad , Duer Stanislaw
Published: February 2025

Asymmetry in the supply voltage in three-phase circuits disrupts the flow of currents. This worsens the efficiency of the distribution system and increases the problems in determining the mathematical model of the energy system. Among many power theories, the most accurate is the Currents' Physical Components (CPC) power theory, which tries to justify the physical essence of each component. Such knowledge can be used to improve efficiency and reduce transmission losses in the power system. The article discusses the method of mathematical decomposition of current components in the case of a three-wire line connecting an asymmetric power source with of linear time-invariant (LTI) loads. Special cases where irregularities appear in the results of calculations according to the CPC theory has been discussed. The method is illustrated with a numerical examples.
Sustainable Advances in Agroecosystems and the Impact on Crop Production
Authors: Adams Zanele , Modi Albert Thembinkosi , Kuria Simon Kamande
Published: February 2025

Agroecosystems support food production through ecosystem services, agricul- tural activities and socio-aspects such as traditional knowledge and technology. These agroecological practices benefit the agroecosystem such as biodiversity, pest control and soil conservation, water conservation and climate change mit-igation. The review aims to investigate the recent advances in sustainable crop production that have emerged over the years such as agroecological practices and precision agriculture. Some agroecological practices reviewed include co-ver crops, intercropping, crop rotations and agroforestry. The practices that were found to have advanced than others were intercropping followed by crop rotation and agroforestry. Factors influencing farmers' adoption or non-adop-tion of these practices such as farm or land size, age, sex, skills and knowledge are also explained. The farm size followed age, skills, and knowledge followed by age and sex were the dominant factors that were responsible for adoption and non-adoption. The various types of crop diversification had an impact on the environment, crop growth and yield.
Bridging Medical Simulation and Robotics: ASystematic Analysis of Manikin Adaptation for Advanced Applications
Authors: Zary Nabil , Alfroukh Jalal , Alali Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Medical simulation manikins have evolved to include advanced sensor networks, actuators, and physiological modeling capabilities. However, their potential applications in robotics remain underexplored, and there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of opportunities and implementation challenges. Methods: This scoping review examined research from the IEEE Xplore, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, SpringerLink, and Elsevier databases (1969-2024). Out of 156 initial studies, 64 met the inclusion criteria, focusing on adapting medical manikins for robotics. The analysis investigated hardware modifications, software integrations, and hybrid implementation strategies. Results: Analysis revealed three main development paths: hardware adaptation evolving from basic sensor integration to intricate musculoskeletal framework (15 studies); software integration progressing from rule-based responses to biomimetic control architectures (22 studies); and hybrid approaches that combine physical manikins with mixed reality interfaces (18 studies). Nine additional studies investigated convergent applications in humanoid robotics and dynamic tactile systems. Discussion: Findings indicate significant potential for cross-disciplinary innovation in biomimetic control systems and human-robot interaction. Major challenges include achieving seamless hardware-software integration while upholding anatomical accuracy. Future development should emphasize standardized integration frameworks and modular architectures supporting simulation and robotics applications. Conclusion: Repurposing medical manikins for robotics presents transformative potential for human-robot interaction and biomedical engineering. Achieving success requires tackling integration challenges through interdisciplinary collaboration and standardized frameworks.
Leveraging Generative AI for Modelling and Optimization of Maintenance Policies in Industrial Systems
Authors: Crespo Márquez Adolfo , Perez Oliver Diego
Published: February 2025

This paper explores how generative AI can enhance the modeling and optimization of maintenance policies by incorporating real-time problem-solving techniques into structured maintenance frameworks. Maintenance policies, evolving from simple calendar-dependent or age-dependent preventive maintenance strategies to more complex approaches involving partial system replacement, minimal repairs or imperfect maintenance, have traditionally been optimized based on minimizing costs, maximizing reliability, and ensuring operational continuity. In this work, we leverage AI models to simulate and analyze the implementation and overlap of different maintenance strategies to an industrial asset, including the combined use of different preventive (total, partial replacement) and corrective actions (minimal repair, normal repairs), with perfect of imperfect maintenance results. Integrating generative AI with well-established maintenance policies and optimization criteria, this paper tries to demonstrate how AI-assisted tools can model maintenance scenarios dynamically, learning from predefined strategies and improving decision-making in real-time. Python-based simulations are employed to validate the approach, showcasing the benefits of using AI to enhance the flexibility and efficiency of maintenance policies. The results highlight the potential for AI to revolutionize maintenance optimization, particularly in single-unit systems, and lay the groundwork for future studies in multi-unit systems.
Numerical Analysis of a Fractional Cauchy Problem for the Laplace Equation in an Annular Circular Region
Authors: Conde Mones José Julio , Acevedo Vázquez Julio Andrés , Hernández Montero Eduardo , Morín Castillo María Monserrat , Hernández Gracidas Carlos Arturo , Oliveros Oliveros José Jacobo
Published: February 2025

The Cauchy problem for the Laplace equation in an annular bounded region consists of finding a harmonic function from the Dirichlet and Neumann data known on the exterior boundary. This work considers a fractional boundary condition instead of the Dirichlet condition in a circular annular region. We found the solution to the fractional boundary problem using circular harmonics. Then, the Tikhonov regularization is used to handle the numerical instability of the fractional Cauchy problem. The regularization parameter was chosen using the L-curve method. From numerical tests, we found that the series expansion of the solution to the Cauchy problem can be truncated in N=20, N=25, or N=30. Thus, we found a stable method for finding the solution to the problem studied. To illustrate the proposed method, we elaborate synthetic examples and MATLAB programs to implement it. The numerical results show the feasibility of the proposed stable algorithm. In all cases, the solution with regularization gives better results than without regularization.
Responses of Soledad Chile Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to Combined Application of Chitosan and Bacillus subtilis: A Study on Growth and Yield
Authors: Gomez-Raymundo Rosalba Guadalupe , Ramírez-Seañez Ana Rosa , Hernández-Hernández Hipólito , Martínez-Galero Nelda Xanath , Palacios-Torres Rogelio Enrique , Yam-Tzec José Antonio , Rodríguez-Miranda Jesús , Bravo-Delgado Humberto Rafael , Amador-Mendoza Adolfo
Published: February 2025

The cultivation of Soledad pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is essential in Oaxaca and Veracruz, but it faces issues with pests and diseases, which affect yield and cause economic losses. To mitigate these impacts, farmers have started using biostimulants such as chitosan and plant growth-promoting bacteria instead of agrochemicals due to their environmental and health benefits. This study evaluated the effect of Bacillus subtilis and chitosan, both individually and combined, on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of Soledad pepper under greenhouse conditions. Four treatments were applied at different stages of the crop cycle: Q (Chitosan), BS (Bacillus subtilis), Q+BS (Chitosan + Bacillus subtilis), and T (Control). The results showed that the combination of chitosan and Bacillus subtilis significantly improved plant growth, especially in height and stem diameter. The chitosan treatment produced the highest number of fruits and plant weight, while the combination of chitosan and Bacillus subtilis enhanced fruit quality, increasing characteristics such as size, weight, pericarp thickness, and physicochemical parameters, notably in brix degrees, citric acid percentage, and pH, outperforming the individual treatments and the control.
Empowering Students with Learning Disabilities: Examining Serious Digital Games' Potential for Performance & Motivation in Math Education
Authors: Polydoros Georgios
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the impact of digital math serious educational games (SEGs) on enhancing math skills and motivation, specifically focusing on first-degree equations for students with learning difficulties. A comparative study was conducted between two groups: one comprising students with learning disabilities who engaged with the digital math SEG "Battleship" and another utilizing traditional textbook methods.
The study's dual objectives were to assess the effectiveness of digital math SEGs in improving mathematical performance and to evaluate motivation levels. Additionally, gender differences in performance and motivation were examined to understand how SEGs impact boys and girls differently. Employing an empirical approach, a test was used as the primary assessment tool, including standard exercises on first-degree equations typically encountered in the final years of primary education. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) was administered to measure motivation.
The research sample consisted of 104 sixth-grade students with learning disabilities, aged 11-12 years, from four public schools in the northern sector of Attica, Greece. The sample was evenly divided into two groups of 52 students each. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel. Results indicated that students who engaged with the digital math SEG demonstrated significant improvement in math performance compared to their peers using the textbook. Interestingly, the control group, which used the textbook, reported higher motivation, illustrating the complexity of motivational factors for students with learning disabilities. Furthermore, the analysis by gender revealed that both boys and girls benefited from SEGs in terms of performance. However, motivation levels were only slightly affected by gender, highlighting the potential of SEGs to support diverse learners.
Existence and Uniqueness of the Viscous Burgers’ Equation with the p-Laplace Operator
Authors: Zhapsarbayeva Lyailya , Wei Dongming , Bagymkyzy Bagyzhan
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the viscous Burgers’ equation for the isothermal flow of power-law non-Newtonian fluids $$\rho (\partial_t u + u \partial_x u)=\mu \partial_x \left(\left|\partial_x u \right|^{p-2} \partial_x u\right),$$ augmented with the initial condition $u(0, x)=u_0$, $0<x<L$ and the boundary condition $u(t, 0)=u(t, L)=0$, where $\rho$ is the density, $\mu$ the viscosity, $u$ the velocity of the fluid and $p$, $1
0$. Moreover, numerical solutions to the problem are constructed by applying the high-level modeling and simulation package COMSOL Multiphysics at small and large Reynold's numbers.
The Importance and Challenges of Early Diagnosis of Paraneoplastic Skin Syndromes in Cancer Detection — A Systemic Review
Authors: Rościszewska Aleksandra , Tokarska Kamila , Kośny Aleksandra , Leja Wiktoria , Żebrowska Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

Skin paraneoplastic syndromes (SPNS) are a group of disorders that arise as a consequence of cancer but are not directly related to the tumor mass itself. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these syndromes, encompassing their pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, differential diagnosis, and management strategies. These syndromes, which include conditions such as Bazex syndrome, acanthosis nigricans, dermatomyositis, and necrolytic migratory erythema, often manifest prior to or concurrently with a cancer diagnosis, serving as potential early warning signs of underlying malignancies.
This review delves into the spectrum of SPNS and their associations with specific cancer types. Special emphasis is placed on the critical role of dermatologists and on-cologists in identifying these skin manifestations as potential markers of malignancy. By raising awareness of SPNS, this paper highlights the pivotal importance of prompt recognition and intervention in reducing cancer-related mortality.
Refining the Best-Performing V4 Bankruptcy Prediction Models: Coefficient Re-Estimation for Crisis Periods
Authors: Duricova Lucia , Kovalova Erika , Gazdíková Jana , Hamranova Michaela
Published: February 2025

Bankruptcy prediction models have been extensively utilized to assess the financial health of companies. However, their predictive accuracy can be significantly affected by extraordinary economic disruptions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Traditional models, particularly those designed for stable economic conditions, necessitate evaluation and potential adaptation to maintain their effectiveness during unprecedented circumstances. This study seeks to evaluate the performance of financial distress prediction models developed by authors from the Visegrad Four (V4) when applied to Slovak automotive companies before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, the best-performing models from those selected were identified in the pre-pandemic period (2017-2019). The performances of these models were subsequently analysed during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods (2020-2022). Finally, their coefficients were re-estimated to enhance accuracy while preserving the original variables, ensuring the interpretability of any changes. The objective is to identify the models with the highest performance during the pre-pandemic period, assess their reliability under crisis conditions, and suggest improvements through coefficient re-estimation. While the majority of models experienced significant declines in performance during the pandemic, some retained adequate predictive accuracy. The re-estimated coefficients improved the overall accuracy of the models and also enhanced the sensitivity of some, offering stakeholders the option to utilize either the original or adjusted models based on their specific context. This study provides a framework for adapting financial prediction models to unprecedented economic conditions, contributing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance predictive tools within dynamic economic environments.
Molecular Monitoring of an Invasive Freshwater Fish, Brown Trout (Salmo trutta), Using Real-Time PCR Assay and Environmental Water Samples
Authors: Kim Su-Hwan , Lee Soo In , Lee Sang-Hun , Jo So Eun , Kim Keun-Yong
Published: February 2025

Salmo trutta, commonly known as brown trout, is an invasive species that has established itself in various regions, including South Korea, where it poses ecological risks to native freshwater fish populations. The Ministry of Environment of South Korea has legally designated S. trutta as an invasive species. Thus, to enable natural habitat restoration, S. trutta needs to be monitored in South Korea. However, traditional monitoring techniques are associated with several limitations. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to apply a sensitive and specific qPCR assay using primers and a hydrolysis probe specific to the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (mt-cyb) of S. trutta. Environmental DNA (eDNA) was extracted from river water samples collected downstream of the Soyang Reservoir and around the Uiam Reservoir between January and March 2023. The qPCR assays successfully detected S. trutta eDNA in 11 of the 24 samples, with high concentrations found upstream and downstream of the Soyang River. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of qPCR assay for the detection of S. trutta in aquatic environments and highlight its potential for monitoring the spread of this species, especially in areas that are difficult to survey using traditional methods. This molecular approach offers a more efficient tool for S. trutta population management, mitigating its impact on native biodiversity.
Accuracy and Reliability of Digital Dental Models Obtained by Intraoral Scans Compared with Plaster Models
Authors: Huyen Bao Tran Vo , Viet Hoang , Nhut Khue Truong , Ngoc Quang Phi Tran , Hung Lam Tran
Published: February 2025

Purposes: In orthodontics, determining the parameters of tooth size, dental arch, and conducting Bolton analysis is crucial for diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient outcomes. This study evaluates the accuracy and reliability of measuring dental arch dimensions on digital models created using the CEREC Primescan intraoral scanner, compared to measurements taken from plaster models.
Materials and Methods: The study included two types of dental models (plaster and intraoral scan) from 63 subjects. Impressions were taken to create plaster models, and the subjects' mouths were scanned with the CEREC Primescan system (Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC) to create digital models. Intra-arch measurements included tooth heights and widths, overjet, and overbite. The arch width and depth were examined at the first permanent upper or lower molar. The paired t-test and Bland-Altman plot were used to determine the accurary, while intra-rater and inter-rater correlation coefficient values were calculated to assess reliability of measurements from the intraoral scan compared to those from the plaster model.
Results: For tooth heights, there was a statistically significant difference in only one measurement (tooth 34) between the plaster and digital models, with an average difference of 0.01 mm. For tooth widths, there was a statistically significant difference in only one measurement (tooth 15) with an average difference of 0.03 mm. The Bland-Altman plots of alomost all of measurements of tooth heights and widths showed that differences between the two models were within the limits of agreement. The inter- and intra-rater correlation coefficient values for measurements on the digital model were found to be statistically insignificant.
Conclusion: Measuring dental dimensions on digital models obtained through the Primescan intraoral digital system yielded similar results to those obtained from plaster models and showed excellent reliability, indicating its potential application in clinical practice.
Maha Kalpa and Maha Pralaya: Indian Cosmic Cycle – Concept Paper
Authors: Ramakrishnan Krishnamurthy
Published: February 2025

This concept paper proposes a novel two-universe model inspired by ancient Indian cosmology. Our model challenges the traditional notion of a universe destined for heat death and offers a new perspective on the cyclical nature of the cosmos, aligning with ancient Indian concepts of cyclical time and the dynamic interplay of creation and dissolution. It also makes testable predictions that could be investigated through future research, potentially leading to a deeper understanding of the universe's fate. This concept paper provides a compelling framework for future research and encourages further exploration of the connections between ancient wisdom and modern science, potentially leading to a more holistic and nuanced understanding of the universe and our place within it.
Elucidation of Expression Patterns and Functional Properties of Archaerhodopsin Derived from Halorubrum sp. Ejinoor
Authors: Chao Luomeng , Yang Yuxia
Published: February 2025

Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) is a photosensitive membrane protein commonly found in Archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Its biological function involves transferring protons from the cytoplasmic side to the extracellular side, converting light energy into chemical energy through ATP synthesis. Because of its simple structure and stable function, it has been widely studied in the field of optogenetics. The Halorubrum sp. Ejinoor Archaerhodopsin （HeAR）was discovered in a salt lake in Inner Mongolia, China, and shares 57% homology with BR. In this study, HeAR was expressed in E. Coli BL21(DE). Biological function of HeAR was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, UV-VIS absorption spectrum, CD spectrum, laser flash photolysis and proton pump activity detection. The results indicated that HeAR was purple and demonstrated light-dark adaptation. The maximum absorbance wavelengths for dark-adapted HeARD and light-adapted HeARL were 550 nm and 560 nm, respectively. The ratio of All-trans and 13-cis chromophore was 2:1 in HeARD and 6:1 in HeARL. The CD spectrum showed that HeAR also has trimer structure. HeAR was also a proton pump and the photochemical reaction cycle was 100 ms. Although there were L, M, N and O intermediates similar to BR in HeAR. However, the generation and disappearance time of M state is earlier than that of BR and the M state disappears before the O state. It is likely that other intermediates exist, resulting in a slow cycle. HeAR, as a photosensitive tool, may have promising applications in the field of optogenetics.
Contrast Volume Reduction in Oncologic Body Imaging Using Dual-Energy CT: A Comparison with Single-Energy CT
Authors: Gulizia Marianna , Viry Anais , Jreige Mario , Fahrni Guillaume , Marro Yannick , Manasseh Gibran , Chevallier Christine , Dromain Clarisse , Vietti-Violi Naik
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of reducing contrast volume in oncologic body imaging using dual-energy CT (DECT) by (1) identifying the optimal virtual monochromatic imaging (VMI) reconstruction with DECT and (2) comparing DECT with reduced iodinated contrast media (ICM) volume to single-energy CT (SECT) with standard ICM volume. Methods: In this retrospective study, we quantitatively and qualitatively compared the image quality of 35 thoraco-abdominopelvic DECT across 9 different virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) levels (from 40 to 80 keV) using reduced volume of ICM (0.3gI/kg of body weight) to determine the optimal keV reconstruction level. Out of these 35 patients, 20 had previously performed SECT with standard ICM volume (0.3gI/kg of body weight + 9gI), enabling protocol comparison. Qualitative analysis included overall image quality, noise, and contrast enhancement by two radiologists. Quantitative analysis included contrast enhancement measurements, contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio on liver parenchyma and portal vein. ANOVA identified the optimal VMI reconstruction, while t-tests and paired t-tests were used to compare both protocols. Results: VMI60keV provided the highest overall image quality score. DECT with reduced ICM volume demonstrated higher contrast enhancement and lower noise than SECT with standard ICM volume (p <0.001). No statistical difference was found in overall image quality between the two protocols (p = 0.290). Conclusions: VMI60keV with reduced contrast volume provides higher contrast and lower noise compared to SECT at standard contrast volume. DECT using reduced ICM volume is the technique of choice for oncologic body CT.
Food Security and Circular Cities: Paradigmatic Shifts, Geographical and Temporal Scales, and Participatory Governance Support to Facilitate Transitions Towards ‘Urban Sustainability’
Authors: Simon Sandrine
Published: February 2025

This article explores how the principles of circularity, applied to urban food systems, could contribute to catalysing a transition towards more sustainable cities, working on the premise that food security is a key pillar of urban resilience. In order to do so, it critically examines i) circularity in the context of urban regeneration and why focusing on food could help to understand the socio-political and ecological dimensions of circularity; ii) the geographical and temporal scales of urban circularity and iii) how ‘barometers of circularity’ could be built and integrated into participatory urban governance processes to support urban ecological transformations.
Unveiling Two Rhinogobius Species, Rhinogobius chiengmaiensis and Rhinogobius mekongianus, in Thailand Using Morphological and Molecular Identification Methods
Authors: Tuncharoen Siriluck , Panase Paiboon , Panprommin Nontree , Wangkahart Eakapol , Ruenkoed Supranee , Mongkolwit Keatipong , Panprommin Dutrudi
Published: February 2025

A combination of morphological analysis and DNA barcoding (partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene) was used to differentiate four gobiid fish species in the family Oxudercidae. Rhinogobius chiengmaiensis and Rhinogobius mekongianus were found in Thailand, alongside Eugnathogobius siamensis and Pseudogobiopsis oligactis. Morphological identification relied on appearances, counts, and measurements. The 707-base pair COI sequences from eleven samples of four gobiid species were compared with reference sequences in public databases to confirm their scientific names. The average AT content was 51.8 ± 0.5% and the GC content was 48.2 ± 0.5%. Intraspecific genetic distances ranged from 0.00% to 0.28%, while interspecific genetic distances ranged from 0.86% to 16.63%. A maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree depicted the relationships among the COI sequences of these species. Morphological analysis and COI sequences successfully identified the four gobiid species. Notably, the COI sequences of R. chiengmaiensis, R. mekongianus, and E. siamensis were previously unreported, hence, this study is the first report to add their sequences to public databases. These results can serve as valuable information for the management of aquatic resources, conservation, and aquaculture efforts.
Cofilin(s) and Mitochondria: Function Beyond Actin Dynamics
Authors: Kovaleva Tatiana , Gainullin Murat , Mukhina Irina , Pershin Vladimir , Matskova Liudmila
Published: February 2025

ADF/cofilins form a family of small, widely expressed actin-binding proteins, regulating actin dynamics in various cellular and physiological processes in all eukaryotes from yeasts to animals. Changes in the expression of the ADF/cofilin family proteins have been demonstrated under various pathological conditions. The established role for cofilin in migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, immune escape, and transcriptional dysregulation in malignant tumors, is explained mainly by its actin modifying activity. Moreover, drugs targeting this activity of cofilin were developed for treatment of cancers. Its multilevel regulation, extremely diverse effects in numerous forms of pathology, and the conflicting data on the functional effects of changes in cofilin expression prompted us here to point to other functions of cofilin, in addition to that of modifying actin, namely, those which affect lipid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, we review recent data on the expression of ADF/cofilin family proteins in various pathologies, account for the mutations and post-translational modifications of these proteins and their functional consequences, dwell on the role of K63-type ubiquitination of cofilin for its involvement in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis, point out conflicting data in cofilin research, and describe prospects for future studies of cofilin functions.
Neuroimmune Interactions and Their Implication in Immune Cell Trafficking in Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer
Authors: Wang Yutang , Anesi Jack , Panicker Indu S. , Cook Darcy , Bista Prapti , Fang Yan , Oqueli Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Sympathetic nerves innervate bone marrow and various immune organs, where norepinephrine—the primary sympathetic neurotransmitter—directly interacts with immune cells that express adrenergic receptors. This article reviewed the key molecular pathways triggered by sympathetic activation and explored how sympathetic activity influences immune cell migration. Norepinephrine serves as a chemoattractant for monocytes, macrophages, and stem cells, promoting the migration of myeloid cells while inhibiting the migration of lymphocytes at physiological concentrations. We also examined the role of immune cell infiltration in cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Evidence suggests that sympathetic activation increases myeloid cell infiltration into target tissues across various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke. In contrast, inhibiting sympathetic activity may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat these conditions by reducing macrophage infiltration. Furthermore, sympathetic activation suppresses T lymphocyte infiltration and promotes macrophage accumulation in cancer tissues, which are linked to increased cancer growth and metastasis. Thus, inhibiting sympathetic activation could help protect against cancer by enhancing T cell infiltration and reducing macrophage presence in tumors.
Mechanism of Astragalus Polysaccharide in Alleviating Bovine Mammary Fibrosis through ROS/NLRP3 Inhibition and EMT Regulation
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Liu Kejiang , Yang Tingji , Duan Hongwei , Xiao Longfei , Zhang Quanwei , Zhang Yong , Dong Weitao , Zhao Xingxu
Published: February 2025

Mastitis in dairy cows, typically caused by bacterial infection, is a common inflammatory condition of the mammary tissue that leads to fibrosis, adversely affecting cow health, milk production, and dairy product quality. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has shown effectiveness in alleviating inflammation and fibrosis in various organs. In this study, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fibrosis model was established using a bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) and Kunming rats. Key parameters, including relative gene mRNA expression, protein levels, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, were assessed using RT-qPCR, Western blotting (WB), and DCFH-DA techniques, while histological analysis of breast tissue was performed using H&E and Masson trichrome staining. Oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were also evaluated in mouse mammary glands. APS treatment modulated fibrosis markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and α-SMA) and inflammation markers (NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and IL-1β) at both mRNA and protein levels, significantly reduced ROS concentrations (P<0.01), restored oxidative stress balance in mice (P<0.05), and mitigated fibrosis and inflammation, as revealed by histological observations. These findings demonstrate that APS can mitigate ROS accumulation, reduce inflammation, and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and mammary fibrosis in vivo, supporting its potential as an alternative therapeutic agent for mammary fibrosis treatment.
Beyond the First Generation of Wind Modelling for Resource Assessment and Siting: from Meteorology to Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Kelly Mark
Published: February 2025

Increasingly larger turbines have led to a transition from surface-based “bottom-up” wind flow modelling and meteorological understanding, to more complex modelling of wind resources, energy yields, and site assessment. More expensive turbines, larger windfarms, and maturing commercialization have meant that uncertainty quantification (UQ) of such modelling has become crucial for the wind industry. Here we outline the meteorological roots of wind modelling and why it was possible, advancing to the more complex models needed for large wind turbines today, and the tradeoffs and implications of using such models. Statistical implications of how data is averaged and/or split in various resource assessment methodologies are also examined, and requirements for validation of classic and complex models are considered. Uncertainty quantification is outlined, and its current practice on the `wind’ side of the industry is discussed, including the emerging standard for such. Demonstrative examples are given for uncertainty propagation and multi-project performance versus uncertainty, with a final reminder about the distinction between UQ and risk.
Representações sociais e de gênero de docentes em uma escola da rede municipal de ensino fundamental
Authors: França Jiselda Meirielly de
Published: February 2025

Tendo como referência a abordagem feminista, de gênero e intersecional, nesta pesquisa desvendou as representações sociais de docentes sobre dimensões da diversidade (raça, gênero, classe) tendo em vista a ampliação de direitos e da cidadania de alunos/as da Escola Municipal do Ensino Fundamental (EMEF). Tem como questões norteadoras: Como são construídas e reproduzidas as representações sociais de gênero dos/as docentes do ensino fundamental? Quais as representações sociais dos/as docentes sobre barreiras e preconceitos enfrentados por discentes com relação aos marcadores sociais? Em consonância com as questões, objetivos e pressupostos teóricos enunciados, optou-se, pela metodologia qualitativa em educação, na modalidade de estudo de caso. Para a recolha dos dados empíricos, foram utilizadas: bibliografia/revisão da literatura, documentos como: catálogo eletrônico de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, sobre o tema produzidas em Cursos de Pós-Graduação em Educação no Brasil; Diretrizes e Projeto Político Pedagógico da escola, entre outros. Foram priorizadas fontes orais, entrevistas semiestruturadas com o corpo docente; a observação participante e o diário de campo. Os resultados apontam para um processo multidimensional de construção de representações sociais sobre a diversidade de gênero, mediado pela escola, sociedade e trabalho profissional. Emerge a importância de mudanças no cenário escolar que contemple a diversidade.
Euzébio Vanério: um personagem de destaque na história da Aula de Comércio no Brasil
Authors: Teles Thadeu Vinícius Souza , Teles Gildete Cecilia Neri Santos
Published: February 2025

Esse estudo partiu da tese de um dos proponentes e tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória de Euzébio Vanério, com especial atenção à manifestação da Aula de Comércio no Brasil após a abertura dos portos. Para tanto, fez-se uma revisão da literatura acerca da relação de Vanério com a referida Aula na primeira metade do século XIX. A partir de levantamento bibliográfico, fontes históricas e documentais, foi possível localizar contribuição relevante de Vanério no desenvolvimento do ensino dos conteúdos típicos do fazer mercantil, bem como de línguas, o que ganhou destaque no recorte dessa análise do panorama brasileiro da instrução comercial. Considerando a trajetória de Vanério e sua produção encontrável, foi possível verificar sua participação na Aula de Comércio tanto no ensino como na proposição de plano de aula adiantado para a época. Sua atuação em Sergipe e Bahia também deu contornos de como o ensino comercial se apresentou nesses lugares.
Palavras-chave: Aula de Comércio; Ensino de línguas; Plano de Aula; Biografia.