bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Kepuasan Mahasiswa D4 Manajemen Perhotelan Universitas negeri Padang tentang Pra Pengalaman Lapangan Industri (PLI)
Authors: Putri Roza Hendra , Suyuthie Hijriyantomi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini berawal dari pengamatan, observasi serta informasi dari mahasiswa Manajemen Perhotelan  yang telah melaksanakan pra pengalaman lapangan industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kepuasan mahasiswa Manajemen Perhotelan tentang pra PLI pada Jurusan Pariwisata, Fakultas Pariwisata dan Perhotelan, Universitas Negeri Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan data kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa prodi D4 Manajemen Perhotelan tahun masuk 2017 yang telah melaksanakan PLI periode Juli-Desember 2020. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 71 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Indikator aturan SKS kategori baik (82,25%). 2) Indikator mengikuti kegiatan pembekalan (coaching) kategori cukup baik (77,07%). 3) Indikator masa berlaku pembekalan PLI kategori cukup baik (79,44%). 4) Indikator informasi dari koordinator PLI kategori cukup baik (72,86%). 5) Indikator penetapan dosen pembimbing  kategori cukup baik (78,87%). 6) Indikator survei lokasi PLI kategori cukup baik (72,86%). 7) Indikator persyaratan dan waktu yang diberikan perusahaan untuk penerimaan PLI kategori cukup baik (78,69%). 8) Indikator konfirmasi tempat pelaksanaan PLI kepada koordinator PLI kategori cukup baik (73,94%). 9) Indikator proposal PLI kategori cukup baik (74,27%). 10) Indikator surat pengantar dari koordinator jurusan kategori cukup baik (77,75%). 11) Indikator pembuatan surat pengantar dari Unit Hubungan Industri (UHI) kategori cukup baik (77,46%). 12) Indikator konfirmasi dari pihak industri kategori cukup baik indeks TCR 78,87%. 13) Indikator pelaporan ke kantor UHI kategori cukup baik (78,73%). 14) Indikator pembuatan surat pengantar ulang bagi yang ditolak kategori cukup baik (78,73%). 15) Indikator melapor ke dosen pembimbing kategori cukup baik (76,20%).
Karakteristik Wisatawan di Daya Tarik Wisata Simpang Tigo Buayo Putiah Nagari Taratak Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Martin Jeki , Putra Trisna
Published: January 2022

Penelitian tentang Karakteristik Pengunjung di Daya tarik Wisata Simpang Tigo Buayo Putiah bermula dari permasalahan yang penulis temukan yaitu belum diketahuinya karakteristik pengunjung di Daya tarik wisata Simpang Tigo Buayo Putiah. Dan penelitian ini juga dilandasi dari kebutuhan Dinas Pariwisata Pesisir Selatan dalam mendata karakteristik pengunjung yang datang  ke Daya tarik wisata. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut penulis ingin meneliti dengan tujuan ingin mengetahui Karakteristik Pengunjung Di Daya wisata Simpang Tigo Buayo Putiah.

Jenis penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan metode survei. Dalam penelitian ini sampel diambil dengan memakai teknik non probability sampling memiliki sampel berjumlah 100 orang. Data pada penelitian diolah dengan bantuan program Microsoft Excel 2010.

Dari beberapa langkah yang dilakukan pada saat penelitian maka didapatkan hasil penelian yaitu : (1) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Demografis Mayoritas pengunjung berusia 18-24 tahun dan mayoritas pengunjung perempuan,dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA/Sederajat,dengan mayoritas pekerjaan yaitu Pelajar/Mahasiswa, dengan mayoritas pendapatan < 1.500.000 dan Status perkawinannya mayoritas masih lajang/belum menikah.(2) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Geografisnya pengunjung didominasi dari dalam area Pesisir Selatan  dengan jarak tempat tinggal ke Daya tarik wisata ≥ 20 km, mayoritas tinggal di daerah pantai dan berlokasi di area perumahan padat penduduk dengan jumlah.(3) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Psikografis mayoritas pengunjung dengan tipe psychocentric dengan jumlah sebanyak 52% dan 48% wisatawan dengan tipe allocentric.
Minat Berkunjung Wisatawan ke Museum Adityawarman Kota Padang
Authors: Effendi Fashliya Zurni , Manvi Kurnia Illahi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Minat Berkunjung Wisatawan Di Museum Adityawarman Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode kausal. Sampel penelitian ini merupakan responden yang belum pernah berkunjung di Museum Adityawarman Kota Padang dengan sampel yang berjumlah 94 responden, Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu non-probability sampling. Information dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner tersusun sesuai dengan skala likert yang sudah Uji validitas dan reliabilitas, information dapat dideskripsikan dan diuji untuk keperluan analisis.

Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, secara umum dapat diperoleh bahwa analisis preferensi wisata pariwisata di Museum Adityawarman Kota Padang berada pada kategori cukup dengan persentase sebesar 74%. Selanjutnya juga diperoleh hasil berdasarkan indikator sebagai berikut : 1) Ketertarikan persentase tertinggi pada kategori cukup dengan persentase 50%, 2) Preferensi dengan persentase tertinggi adalah kategori cukup, dengan persentase 44%, 3)Pencarian informasi persentase tertinggi pada kategori cukup dengan persentase 61%.
An Analysis of Students’ Reading Comprehension at an Islamic Institute in Jambi
Authors: Indrayadi Toni
Published: January 2022

This study examines each reading comprehension indicator and reading comprehension in general. Forty-five first-semester students of the English Education Department at Public Islamic Institute Jambi, Indonesia, which comprised of twenty-one males and twenty-four females voluntarily participated in this study. They were purposively selected as the sample of the research. This study used six indicators of reading comprehension and reading comprehension in general data. The descriptive quantitative approach was employed in this study as the research methodology. The descriptive statistic of SPSS 23 was applied to analyze the mean and standard deviation of six reading comprehension and reading comprehension in general. The criteria referenced interpretation and norm-referenced interpretation investigated interval of six reading comprehension and reading comprehension in general. The result of descriptive statistics and criteria referenced interpretation, and norm-referenced interpretation analysis showed five reading comprehension indicators in terms of author purpose, topic details, reference, and vocabulary in context in moderate criteria, except the main idea in which in high criteria. The reading comprehension was in moderate criteria similar to five reading comprehension indicators. Therefore, English lecturers hope to select an appropriate strategy and be well prepared to teach reading.
HOTSEP Analysis to Develop Disaster Research Integrated Book for Vocational Education (Drica) in 21st-Century
Authors: Primarini Hendrica Etmi , Rahmayanti Henita , Widiasanti Irika , Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Koc Isil , Rogayan Jr. Danilo V. , Darussyamsu Rahmawati , Titin Titin , Marhento Giry , Nurfadhilah Nurfadhilah , Sa’diyah Rika
Published: January 2022

This study analyzed Higher-Order Thinking Skills of Environmental Problem (HOTSEP). It was conducted in March 2021. The sample comprised 114 vocational high school students, 66 male and 49 female students from several schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. The data was collected online using Google Form and Microsoft Excel for data analysis. The results showed that the HOTS score with analyzing environmental problems (C4) obtained an average score of 50. The thinking aspect of evaluating environmental problems (C5) obtained an average score of 49. The thinking aspect of making programs to overcome environmental problems (C6) obtained an average score of 47. Therefore, the study showed that the HOTS scores were relatively low since the average score was 51. The results showed that the HOTSEP score on the criticizing environmental problems (C4) obtained an average score of 24. The thinking aspect of environmental problem solving (C5) obtained an average score of 25. Furthermore, the thinking aspect of environmental innovation development (C6) obtained an average score of 23. Therefore, the study showed that the HOTSEP score was poor since the average score was 26. The research results suggest that learning media employed requires an improvement related to disaster mitigation. One media that can be developed is Disaster Research integrated book for Vocational Education (Drica). It can be concluded that the research results generally indicate that the vocational education students remain lacking in the HOTSEP aspect.
The Portrait of Social Media on Students’ Lifestyle and Education Culture
Authors: Sururin Sururin , Nawawi Mukhshon , Subchi Imam , Amyn Ilham Maulana
Published: January 2022

Technological advancements bring about changes in people's lives, particularly in lifestyle and educational culture. This study aims to examine the impact of social media on the lifestyle and culture of IAIN Metro Lampung students. The sampling technique employed was random sampling which determined 147 students. A closed-ended questionnaire with a Likert scale was utilized as the instrument, then graded based on the percentage scale. The study reveals that social media has a varying degree of effects on IAIN Metro Lampung students' lifestyle and educational culture changes. The influence of social media, lifestyle, and educational culture has more than 10 percent. Social media presents both positive and harmful consequences. Recommendations for the next researcher are to investigate the overcome the negative impacts created by lifestyle and educational culture changes as the impacts of social media.
An Analysis of Students’ Collaboration Skills in Science Learning Through Inquiry and Project-Based Learning
Authors: Hairida Hairida , Marmawi Marmawi , Kartono Kartono
Published: January 2022

Collaboration skills are essential for students when facing the working world in 21st-century society. The study aims to determine students' collaboration skills through inquiry and project-based learning in science. The descriptive method was implemented with surveys and interviews. The participants were 175 students from Junior High School. Data collection was carried out using collaborative skill observation sheets and an interview guide. The results showed that, in general, the collaboration skills of participants were categorized as high regarding the indicators of collaboration skills. The indicators consisted of contributing to group discussions (72.57 percent), working effectively in group discussions (77.14 percent), communicating in group activities (74.86 percent), and having responsibility for completing group assignments (75 percent). Therefore, teachers are advised to apply inquiry and project-based learning in science to improve student collaboration skills.
The Implementation of Madrasah Aliyah Curriculum: Quality Improvement Management
Authors: Pahrudin Agus , Kuswanto Cahniyo Wijaya , Leni Nurhasanah
Published: January 2022

Curriculum is one element that contributes greatly to realizing the students’ quality and potential development. To face the challenges that will befall the world of education in Indonesia, clarity of the curriculum and its implementation is needed to improve the performance of education which is far behind the developed countries in the world. This study aims to see how to improve the quality of curriculum implementation at Madrasah Aliyah in Bandar Lampung City. The researcher employed the mixed methods with source explanatory design and source triangulation design involving 34 teachers in two madrasahs in Bandar Lampung City. The study revealed that teachers' ability to prepare lesson plans influences their performance in learning. The percentage of effects obtained from MAN 1 Bandar Lampung was 36.6 percent, while the percentage value obtained from MAN 2 Bandar Lampung was 46.4 percent. The results are in line with the theory that the teacher's ability to prepare lesson plans will positively impact the teacher's ability to carry out learning. The results in both schools show that the greater the teacher's ability to prepare lesson plans, the greater the teacher's ability to carry out learning.
Verbesserte Tribokorrosionsbeständigkeit des martensitischen Stahls X54CrMoVN17-1 durch die Erzeugung von expanded martensite
Authors: Hahn Isabel , Siebert Sabine , Theisen Werner , Weber Sebastian
Published: January 2022

Seal-free, media-lubricated rolling bearings have a high-energy efficiency as the absence of the seal minimizes frictional loss and increases the efficiency of the driven machine. In addition, the environment is protected by the absence of hazardous lubricants. However, media-lubrication increases tribocorrosive attack on the bearing surface. Therefore, the tribocorrosion resistance of the bearing surface can be increased by a thermal surface treatment called low-temperature plasma nitriding. The produced “expanded martensite” in martensitic steels features a high hardness with comparatively good corrosion resistance. Tribocorrosion tests in 0.9 % NaCl-solution show that the material loss could be reduced by 70 % due to expanded martensite compared to the initial state of the steel.
Comparative analysis of chemical contamination of baby foods and primary pediatric morbidity
Authors: Tikhonova YuL
Published: January 2022

The safety of baby foods is key to a child’s health, which, in turn, is one of the prioritized national goals. As they grow, children get exposed to numerous negative environmental impacts. Chemical contamination of baby foods can increase pediatric morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between baby food contamination and primary pediatric morbidity using data on 65 Russian regions collected in 2012–2017 by the Russian Federal Information Public Health Surveillance Foundation. The data were processed in Microsoft Word 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Of 67,940 samples of baby foods analyzed for chemical contamination, priority pollutants (toxic element) were detected in 14.1%. The most contaminated were fruit and vegetable purees (47.1%), followed by milk formulas and cultured dairy products (19.9%). We also analyzed 32,914 indicators of pediatric morbidity. The Pearson correlation analysis detected reliable correlations between baby food contamination and the primary incidence of endocrine disorders in infants, as well as the primary incidence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and cancer in children aged 0 to 14 years.
Neoclassical and contract economic theory of the firm
Authors: Repin S. S.
Published: January 2022

Considering the company as an integral part of the market system, theories appeared that reveal traditional economic theory and take into account the sphere of business.
Fundamentals of protectionism in economic theory
Authors: Repin S. S. , Gogolina L. V.
Published: January 2022

The policy of protectionism is aimed at protecting the domestic market, implemented by regulating tax and customs barriers, reducing competition of other countries compared to goods of national producers.
The issue of the readiness of the Russian economy to implement digital transformation
Authors: Trubacheev E. V.
Published: January 2022

In the article, the author carried out an integral qualitative assessment of the readiness of the domestic economy for the transition of its functioning to the format of industry 4.0. The degree of infrastructural and institutional compliance of the country’s economy with the criteria necessary for the implementation of the digital transition is investigated. The relevance of the article is due to the compression of the time available for the domestic economy to implement digital transformation, which are caused by the economic and infrastructural consequences of the Covid–19 pandemic and the tightening of competition between countries for the right to dominate the information space. The result of the scientific work done by the author is a comprehensive assessment of the readiness of the Russian economy for digital transformation, indicating its strengths and weaknesses. Taking into account the most significant factors determining Russia’s readiness for digital transformation, the framework directions for supporting the digital transformation of the country’s economy are proposed.
Censura y autocensura en la autotraducción: Xente ao lonxe / Aquella gente…, de Eduardo Blanco Amor
Authors: Dasilva Xosé Manuel
Published: January 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza la relevancia de la censura y la autocensura en el ámbito de la autotraducción. Ante la imprecisión que se aprecia con frecuencia en lo que respecta a la aplicación de ambas nociones en esta clase particular de traducción, inicialmente se realiza una propuesta teórica para que puedan distinguirse con claridad, fijando como criterio la existencia de un poder imperativo que se manifieste directamente o de forma latente. A continuación, se ejemplifica tal esquema conceptual con el estudio de caso que depara la novela Xente ao lonxe, de Eduardo Blanco Amor, escrita en gallego y autotraducida al español con el título Aquella gente.... En esta obra, el autor padeció los efectos de la censura franquista y, por temor al rechazo de las autoridades, al mismo tiempo se autocensuró.
The Translation of Repetition in Shakespeare’s Sonnetsts
Authors: Escudero Tanya
Published: January 2022

While formal features constituting the outer form of the poem in Spanish, such as the stress pattern or the rhyme, are usually the most evident to the reader and may be particularly relevant to the translator, other mechanisms based on repetition are essential in the rhythmic configuration of the poem. Based on a corpus of sixty-two Spanish translations of Shakespeare's Sonnets, this article analyses how anaphoras, alliterations and parallelisms have been translated and highlights the significant role that some of these figures play in the target poems.
Initiatives for immune-related adverse events by the outpatient pharmacist clinic
Authors: Hamatake Kiyonori , Kojima Kazuaki
Published: January 2022

Early detection is the key in managing side effects because immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are becoming more serious, and their onset time differs. In our hospital, we conducted an outpatient pharmacist clinic for early detection of irAEs by self-care practice for the cases of immune checkpoint inhibitor administration. As a result of a retrospective survey of 207 cases, the percentage of irAEs found by pharmacist’s suggestion of the outpatient pharmacist clinic increased over time, and a high detection ratio was obtained even for irAEs with a late onset time. The incidence of serious irAEs was higher than that in the immediate post-marketing surveillance, and different factors were considered. Although there were some problems, the outpatient pharmacist clinic had a certain effect.
Coral Reefs, Fresh Streams and Deep Oceans in The Future of Planning Research: Introducing Planext in The Framework of Aesop Policies and Strategies
Authors: Lo Piccolo Francesco
Published: January 2022

I am happy to introduce the first volume of plaNext as one of the most challenging initiatives of our association. What is plaNext? plaNext is an open access online journal intellectually produced and managed by AESOP Young Academics. plaNext is published as part of the AESOP online publishing platform, InPlanning. It is an international peer- reviewed journal. It arises from the collective work of our community. And so, plaNext is many things at the same time.
First record of six marine fish species caught occasionally in the northern Arabian Sea in Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Wajiha , Panhwar Sher Khan
Published: January 2022

The present article presents the results of a recent independent fishery survey conducted in the northern Arabian Sea off the coast of Pakistan in 2016–2018. The survey confirmed the underreported occurrence of six fish species that are now included in the ichthyofauna diversity of Pakistan: Ambassis natalensis, Pomadasys striatus, Narcine oculifera, Paramonacanthus choirocephalus, Paramonacanthus tricuspis, Chromis westaustralis. The fishes were collected with demersal trawls operated at the depth of 165 m (90 fathoms), and the taxonomy, habitat, and distribution range of each of the species were carefully examined and verified with information available in Eschmyer’s fish catalog, Fishbase, WoRMS, and FAO. It is necessary to update the marine ichthyofauna record of Pakistan with the detailed taxonomic descriptions of each species and their distribution ranges.
Changes in the Classroom Discourse: Negative Politeness and Impoliteness
Authors: Beschieru Mihaela
Published: January 2022

The paper focuses on changes identified in the classroom discourse in terms of the teacher–student relations. While traditional classroom relations relied on teacher’s authority and control in the classroom, the current situation indicates a shift in the power relations existing in the class. The paper aims to analyse some of these changes by studying politeness and ways of expressing negative politeness and impoliteness. It starts by defining politeness as conflict-free communication, and then moves to negative politeness and impoliteness, applying these two concepts in the interpretation of the classroom discourse. The data used for the analysis were collected during English and history classes in a high school in Romania. The paper draws on Penelope Brown and Stephen Levinson’s (1987 [1978]) concept of negative politeness and on Derek Bousfield’s (2008) impoliteness theory. The data reveal that the most common negative politeness strategies in the classroom discourse use indirect speech acts, questions and hedges, minimizing the imposition and impersonalizing. I argue that while teachers use mainly politeness strategies, students use impoliteness strategies as a way of claiming power. Thus, they can be disruptive and show lack of interest; they interrupt or take the floor at a wrong time; they sometimes dismiss, contest, or refuse the teacher’s indications and often challenge the teacher’s authority; at times, they are also rude towards their own peers in trying to demonstrate their superiority.
Saying ‘No’ to Immigration Quota: An Analysis of Evaluative Language in Hungarian and Romanian Political Discourse
Authors: Kolumbán Kinga
Published: January 2022

One of the most controversial issues during the 2015 migrant crisis and the subsequent process of reformulating immigration policies by the European Union was that of the mandatory resettlement quota. Hungary and Romania formulated very different positions related to migration, but both were critical regarding the mandatory quota. This study analyses parts of declarations and speeches of two heads of state, Viktor Orbán for Hungary and Klaus Iohannis for Romania, concerning the quota issue, by employing the framework of evaluative language, which focuses on the dialogic, interpersonal aspects of utterances. Beyond the fact of rejecting the quota, Martin and White’s (2005) taxonomy brings to the forefront the linguistic means through which the two speakers evaluate the subject (a problem of logistics that needs a pragmatic approach or a matter of cultural and national identity) and establish (dis)alignment as representatives of their countries (“official voices” of Hungary and Romania) with regard to the EU position.
Acquiring Intercultural Communicative Competence through Virtual Exchange
Authors: Tutunea Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is an indispensable skill when interacting with people from other cultures, given the clash of perspectives that intercultural encounters may bring about. Being a skill that can be taught and learned, there is a wide concern for developing ICC through formal education. This involves designing specific training tasks that can enhance the acquisition of ICC with the help of virtual exchange (VE) activities.

The aim of the present paper is to highlight a specific way in which the educational goals associated with ICC development can be achieved. To this end, an analysis of 55 eTwinning intercultural projects has been conducted in order to determine the relationship between ICC and VE.

The statistical data described here indicate that VE fosters the development of ICC. Moreover, they are indicative of the fact that the VE task types that are most effective in the development of ICC can be identified through computation.
Hungarian Dialectology. Research of Hungarian Dialects in Romania
Authors: Both Csaba Attila
Published: January 2022

After the Treaty of Trianon, the long history of research on the Hungarian dialects in the neighbouring countries did not cease. A previous article on the history of research on Hungarian dialect islands reviewed the significant achievements of Hungarian dialect research up to 1920 (Both 2020b). In the present article, we summarize the essential periods and results of Hungarian dialect research in Romania from 1920 to the present day. The article will show how in the last one hundred years a Hungarian-language department in a minority environment has redirected its research, resulting in a decreasing share of dialectological research, and how, despite these developments, the Hungarian dialectological community in Romania has enriched the Hungarian dialectology research with significant results.
Metaphors of Globalization
Authors: Butiurca Doina
Published: January 2022

The organization and function of human society in the global economy is, in the current discourse, part of epistemology, developed on the broader link of social sciences with scientific creativity and artistic imagination. The “chaotic” synergy of globalization has developed on a conceptual network where the logic of conceptual metaphor and cognitive scenario are integrative and circular. It is this assertion we start from in the research on the interdisciplinary character of the metaphor of globalization, with special attention paid to the metaphors of the organic, of space, of movement (the spiral formula, the loop, centre-periphery, the metaphor of the nebula, man as a sum, etc.). The research method (contrastive, functional, analytical) has in view the interdisciplinary and dynamic character of metaphors that highlight the conceptual system beyond the research. The conclusion of the study is that the role of interdisciplinary metaphors is to fuse with the text and arguments of an entire conceptual system it generates.
Invasive alien plant species in Romania of European Union concern
Authors: Sîrbu Culiţă , Anastasiu Paulina , Urziceanu Mihaela , Camen-Comănescu Petronela , Sîrbu Ioana-Minodora , Popa Ana-Maria , Ioja Cristian , Gavrilidis Alexandru-Athanasios , Oprea Adrian
Published: January 2022

An assessement of the alien plants of Romania was conducted which considered the requirements of Regulation 1143/2014 of the European Union (EU). Thus, available data about the presence, invasiveness, distribution, pathways of introduction and their known impact in the territory of Romania were analysed. We found that of 36 plant species of EU concern, four are already established in Romania and widespread, at least locally or regionally: Ailanthus altissima, Asclepias syriaca, Elodea nuttallii and Impatiens glandulifera. For Humulus scandens there are some reports, but its presence and status require confirmation. Heracleum sosnowskyi and Ludwigia peploides are confirmed for only one location for each species. The presence of Cabomba caroliniana and Myriophyllum aquaticum in Romania is not confirmed. Most of the records are intentional introductions for ornamental purposes. Regarding their invasiveness, given the geographical origin and history of invasion in warmer climate regions (e.g., tropical, subtropical), many of the species listed as being of EU concern do not currently constitute a real threat to Romania, for the time being, but may do in a climate change scenario for the 2070s. Data about the impact of alien plant species and their management in Romania are scattered or completely missing. Coordinated institutional efforts are needed to increase the efficiency of the management of alien species at national and local level. These efforts should include: enhancing the legislation and the capacity of public institutions to manage invasive species, increasing the research interest in the science of this topic and promoting real measures to mitigate, control and remove alien plants.
Artificial Homonymy
Authors: Hlaváčová Jaroslava
Published: January 2022

The paper presents a discussion of homonymy of Czech nouns with different or varying genders. The lemmas with this type of homonymy are treated in the new release of the MorfFlex dictionary as separate. We show that the separation of paradigms according to the gender is not only superfluous, but also clumsy, because it forces a choice when making one is not necessary. That is why we call this type of hononymy “artificial”.
Typological Profiling of English, Spanish, German and Slovak: A Corpus-Based Approach
Authors: Horsch Jakob
Published: January 2022

Inspired by earlier work on typological profiling of English by Benedikt Szmrecsányi and Bernd Kortmann ([1], [2], [3]), this paper investigates the typological profiles of English, Spanish, German, and Slovak, applying Szmrecsányi and Kortmann’s methodology of calculating a SYNTHETICITY INDEX and an ANALYTICITY INDEX based on 1,000-word corpus samples. The results show that Szmrecsányi and Kortmann’s methodology is replicable, and confirm claims in the literature about degrees of analyticity and syntheticity of these languages. Instead of a simple analytic-synthetic continuum, Szmrecsányi and Kortmann’s “typological space” [3] is used to visualize results, showing that languages can be both synthetic and analytic to varying degrees.
Acquiring Word Order in Slovak as a Foreign Language: Comparison of Slavic and Non-Slavic Learners Utilizing Corpus Data
Authors: Ivanová Martina , Kyseľová Miroslava , Gálisová Anna
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the acquisition of Slovak word order in written texts of students of Slovak as a foreign language. Its attention is focused on identifying the correct and incorrect placement of enclitic components, and their erroneous usage is analysed with respect to different investigated variables (types of enclitic components, types of syntactic construction, distance from lexical/syntactic anchor, and realization in pre- or post-verbal position). The paper also pays attention to the error rate regarding individual proficiency levels of students, and error distribution in two language groups, Slavic and Non-Slavic learners, is compared.
Towards classification of stative verbs in view of corpus data
Authors: Leseva Svetlozara , Stoyanova Ivelina , Kukova Hristina
Published: January 2022

The paper presents work in progress on the compilation and automatic annotation of a dataset comprising examples of stative verbs in parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpora with the goal of facilitating the elaboration of a classification of stative verbs in the two languages based on their lexical and semantic properties. We extract stative verbs from the Bulgarian and the Russian WordNets with their assigned conceptual information (frames) from FrameNet. We then assign the set of probable Bulgarian and Russian stative verbs to the verb instances in a parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus using WordNet correspondences to filter out unlikely stative candidates. Further, manual inspection will ensure high quality of the resource and its application for the purposes of semantic analysis.
The Menzerath-Altmann law as the relation between lengths of words and morphemes in Czech
Authors: Pelegrinová Kateřina , Mačutek Ján , Čech Radek
Published: January 2022

It is shown that the mean morpheme length (measured in phonemes) decreases with the increasing length of word types (in morphemes) in Czech texts, i.e., these language units behave according to the Menzerath-Altmann law. The law is not valid in general for word tokens. Some hints towards an interpretation of parameters are presented.
Persistent features – Corpus-based evidence for reallocation processes in German
Authors: Scherr Elisabeth
Published: January 2022

This study aims at tracing a reallocation process of a grammatical feature alongside the dialect-standard axis with the aid of corpus linguistics methods; more precisely with an integrative application of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The phenomenon under investigation is articles without the definiteness marker d- in German, usually ascribed to the Bavarian dialect area. Analyses show, however, that this apparently dialectal feature diffuses to other communication settings closer to the intended standard language use. This process is accompanied by a refunctionalisation of reduced article forms, indicating the relevance of language-internal relations for reallocation of grammatical features. The methodical approach should be easily applicable to other variants and – as many European languages show a diaglossic repertoire – relevant to other languages as well.
A synchronic and diachronic computer corpus of Makarska littoral dialects (Croatia)
Authors: Benić Juraj , Filipić Lobel
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a synchronic and diachronic computer corpus of Makarska littoral dialects. This corpus was created as part of the project to explore the ikavian neoštokavian dialects of the narrow coastal area in Croatian region of Dalmatia around the town of Makarska. The dialectological characteristics of the dialects studied are briefly presented first, followed by presentation of the digital system. The system is logically organized in first part as a corpus of literary texts created from 1729 to 1803 and digitally processed, and in the second part from the materials collected through dialectological questionnaires prepared and methodologically adapted as part of the creation of the Croatian Linguistic Atlas. Methods of collecting linguistic data, method of input into the digital form and methods and possibilities of data processing will be explained. Based on the input and search strategies within the system, the examples will prove the origin of the dialects of the Makarska littoral to be that of the ikavian neoštokavian dialect described in the dialectological literature. This computer-based principle of work is a novelty in Croatian dialectology which has not been digitally processed so far and offers a basis for future dialectological research. This platform can be used in order to shorten the time of data processing and to analyse them more systematically and more efficiently. So far, there has been no such digital repository for any Croatian speech. This project represents a thorough synchronic and diachronic study of one rounded language area.
Mapka: A map application for working with corpora of spoken Czech
Authors: Goláňová Hana , Waclawičová Martina
Published: January 2022

A new interactive map-based web application named Mapka was published by the Institute of the Czech National Corpus in 2020. It aims to serve linguists, as well as schools and the general public, and it features various functions described in this paper. Mapka was designed as a supplement to the CNC spoken corpora, starting with the DIALEKT corpus (more to come in the future). Its main function is to display various types of territorial division (primarily in terms of dialect, but also administrative) and networks of localities associated with the corpus. The main dialect regions are provided with overviews of their typical dialectal features and two samples of dialectal discourse – one slightly historical and one contemporary. The application offers the possibility of searching for municipalities, plotting the points on the map and creating a custom map. The paper concludes with future prospects concerning an enhanced and improved version of the application.
L2 Czech Annotation for Automatic Feedback on Pronunciation
Authors: Holaj Richard , Pořízka Petr
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we would like to provide a brief overview of the current state of pronunciation teaching in e-learning and demonstrate a new approach to building tools for automatic feedback concerning correct pronunciation based on the most frequent or typical errors in speech production made by non-native speakers. We will illustrate this in the process of designing annotation for a sound recognition tool to provide feedback on pronunciation. At the end of the paper, we will also present how we have tried to apply this annotation to the tool, what caveats we have found and what our plans are.
The New Value of the Structural Attribute Section in the SYN v8 Corpus and its Possible Application in Linguistic Research
Authors: Laubeová Zuzana , Škrabal Michal
Published: January 2022

The paper introduces a new section separated from journalistic texts in Czech corpora, namely interviews. This genre is highly specific; from among the texts that can be found in newspapers and magazines, it is probably the closest to spoken language. In two case studies, we present the possible application of the interviews subcorpus in linguistic research. The first one deals with the role of paralinguistic behaviour, especially laughter in written interviews vs. spoken dialogues. The second one investigates the specifics of the demonstrative ten in the function of a nominal attribute, again in both written and spoken data.
An HMM-Based PoS Tagger for Old Church Slavonic
Authors: Lyashevskaya Olga , Afanasev Ilia
Published: January 2022

We present a hybrid HMM-based PoS tagger for Old Church Slavonic. The training corpus is a portion of one text, Codex Marianus (40k) annotated with the Universal Dependencies UPOS tags in the UD-PROIEL treebank. We perform a number of experiments in within-domain and out-of-domain settings, in which the remaining part of Codex Marianus serves as a within-domain test set, and Kiev Folia is used as an out-of-domain test set. Analysing by-PoS-class precision and sensitivity in each run, we combine a simple context-free n-gram-based approach and Hidden Markov method (HMM), and added linguistic rules for specific cases such as punctuation and digits. While the model achieves a rather non-impressive accuracy of 81% in in-domain settings, we observe an accuracy of 51% in out-of-domain evaluation, which is comparable to the results of large neural architectures based on pre-trained contextual embeddings.
StressDat – Database of speech under stress in Slovak
Authors: Sabo Róbert , Beňuš Štefan , Trnka Marian , Ritomský Marian , Rusko Milan , Schaper Meilin , Szabo Jakub
Published: January 2022

The paper describes methodology for creating a Slovak database of speech under stress and pilot observations. While the relationship between stress and speech characteristics can be utilized in a wide domain of speech technology applications, its research suffers from the lack of suitable databases, particularly in conversational speech. We propose a novel procedure to record acted speech in the home of actors and using their own smartphones. We describe both the collection of speech material under three levels of stress and the subsequent annotation of stress levels in this material. First observations suggest a reasonable inter-annotator agreement, as well as interesting avenues for the relationship between the intended stress levels and those perceived in speech.
Linguistic Annotation of Translated Chinese Texts: Coordinating Theory, Algorithms and Data
Authors: Semenov Kirill I. , Titizian Armine K. , Piskunova Aleksandra O. , Korotkova Yulia O. , Tsvetkova Alena D. , Volf Elena A. , Konovalova Alexandra S. , Kuznetsova Yulia N.
Published: January 2022

The article tackles the problems of linguistic annotation in the Chinese texts presented in the Ruzhcorp – Russian-Chinese Parallel Corpus of RNC, and the ways to solve them. Particular attention is paid to the processing of Russian loanwords. On the one hand, we present the theoretical comparison of the widespread standards of Chinese text processing. On the other hand, we describe our experiments in three fields: word segmentation, grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, and PoS-tagging, on the specific corpus data that contains many transliterations and loanwords. As a result, we propose the preprocessing pipeline of the Chinese texts, that will be implemented in Ruzhcorp.
A Robust Approach to Variation in Carpathian Rusyn: Resampling-Based Methods for Small Data Sets
Authors: Lahjouji-Seppälä Moulay Zaidan , Rabus Achim
Published: January 2022

Quantitative, corpus based research on spontaneous spoken Carpathian Rusyn language can cause several data-related problems: Speakers are using ambivalent forms in different quantities, resulting in a biased data set – while a stricter data-cleaning process would lead to a large scale data loss. On top of that, polytomous categorical dependent variables are hard to analyze due to methodological limitations. This paper provides several approaches to face unbalanced and biased data sets containing variation of conjugational forms of the verbmaty‘to have’ and(po-)znaty‘to know’ in Carpathian Rusyn language. Using resampling based methods like Cross-Validation, Bootstrapping and Random Forests, we provide a strategy for circumventing possible methodological pitfalls and gaining the most information from our precious data, without trying to p-hack the results. Calculating the predictive power of several sociolinguistic factors on linguistic variation, we can make valid statements about the (sociolinguistic) status of Rusyn and the stability of the old dialect continuum of Rusyn varieties.
Anchorage length of patented wire cables in prestressed bridge girders
Authors: Svoboda A. , Klusáček L. , Nečas R. , Koláček J. , Strnad J. , Olšák M.
Published: January 2022

This paper briefly describes the methodology, performance and the obtained results of unique experiments performed on original I-73 precast bridge girders. The main objective of the experiments was to determine the actual anchorage length of corroded-through fully grouted prestressing reinforcement (prestressing wires), which is important for determination of the residual load-bearing capacity of prestressed structures. Observation probes leading all the way to the prestressing wires were drilled on selected sections of the girders along the length of the prestressing reinforcement. Optical image acquisition devices were then installed at these probes. Subsequently, controlled breakage of the patented wires (corrosion failure simulation) and observation of the changes that occurred in the prestressing wires after relief of stress were carried out. Evaluation of the experiments was then performed by analyzing the images obtained before and after the prestressing reinforcement failure.
Assessing the representative elementary volume of rock types by X-ray computed tomography (CT) – a simple approach to demonstrate the heterogeneity of the Boda Claystone Formation in Hungary
Authors: Abutaha Saja M. , Geiger János , Gulyás Sándor , Fedor Ferenc
Published: January 2022

X-ray computed tomography (CT) can reveal internal, three-dimensional details of objects in a non-destructive way and provide high-resolution, quantitative data in the form of CT numbers. The sensitivity of the CT number to changes in material density means that it may be used to identify lithology changes within cores of sedimentary rocks. The present pilot study confirms the use of Representative Elementary Volume (REV) to quantify inhomogeneity of CT densities of rock constituents of the Boda Claystone Formation. Thirty-two layers, 2 m core length, of this formation were studied. Based on the dominant rock-forming constituent, two rock types could be defined, i.e., clayey siltstone (20 layers) and fine siltstone (12 layers). Eleven of these layers (clayey siltstone and fine siltstone) showed sedimentary features such as, convolute laminations, desiccation cracks, cross-laminations and cracks. The application of the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages, Statistical Process Control (ARIMA SPC) method to define Representative Elementary Volume (REV) of CT densities (Hounsfield unit values) affirmed the following results: i) the highest REV values corresponded to the presence of sedimentary structures or high ratios of siltstone constituents (> 60%). ii) the REV average of the clayey siltstone was (5.86 cm3) and (6.54 cm3) of the fine siltstone. iii) normalised REV percentages of the clayey siltstone and fine siltstone, on the scale of the core volume studied were 19.88% and 22.84%; respectively. iv) whenever the corresponding layer did not reveal any sedimentary structure, the normalised REV values would be below 10%. The internal void space in layers with sedimentary features might explain the marked textural heterogeneity and elevated REV values. The drying process of the core sample might also have played a significant role in increasing erroneous pore proportions by volume reducation of clay minerals, particularly within sedimentary structures, where authigenic clay and carbonate cement were presumed to be dominant.
Local government fighting COVID-19: the Case of Slovenian Municipalities
Authors: Kukovič Simona
Published: January 2022

When the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus broke out, it was initially assumed that Slovenian municipalities would successfully cope with the crisis situation due to their experience in dealing with natural and other disasters. Nevertheless, the unprecedented pandemic posed significant challenges to local governments, especially in the first wave, from managing responses to an unknown crisis situation to ensuring the safety of citizens in times of extreme uncertainty. Using a four-dimensional framework, the article analyses the results of the first post-COVID-19 survey of mayors of Slovenian municipalities, which reveals differences and similarities in policies to contain and prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease. The analysis proves that there is no single and well-established procedure for dealing with a crisis situation. Indeed, responses varied from municipality to municipality, and the intensity of action depended to a large extent on the commitment, initiative and innovation of the individual mayor.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the European Union’s public health policy
Authors: Virág Attila , Túri Gergő
Published: January 2022

In the spring of 2020 the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as one of the most complex and most serious challenges of the European Union, threatening the lives and quality of life of European citizens and the economy and healthcare systems of EU Member States. The fight against the pandemic required the collaboration of many different disciplines and sectors, and over time it had become clear that co-operation between EU Member States and EU organisations is essential for successful crisis management. This cross-border healthcare emergency has seriously tested the mechanisms set by EU treaties and legislations, as well as the organisations responsible for shaping and implementing the European Union’s public health policy. Over the past year we have gained valuable data on how the system of rules and task sharing mechanisms have supported the fight against the pandemic and its effects. By reviewing and examining our findings, we may find answers about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the European Union’s public health policy and how it can be further developed.