bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF MOTHERS REGARDING INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF NEONATAL AND CHILDHOOD ILLNESS COMMUNITY COMPONENT IN THE PERI URBAN AREA OF LAHORE
Authors: Jehangir Kashmiri Misbah , Hasnain Seema , Pervaiz Butt Zarabia , Ahmed Sidra
Published: February 2025

Background:The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy was createdin 1992 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) to address the five major causes of child mortality: diarrhoea, pneumonia, malaria, measles and malnutrition. Its community component (IMCI-C)focuses on important health practices within households and communities for child survival.Thecurrentstudy aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of IMCI-C among mothersin a peri-urban area of Lahore, Pakistan.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shah di Khoi, Johor Town,Lahoreinvolving 1250 mothers’ of 2932 children under the age of five; 180 mothers were selected using systematic random sampling.Information about the mothers' sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and practices related to IMCI-C wascollected.The data wereanalysed using SPSS version 21. The frequency percentages for outcome variables of overall knowledge and practices of IMCI-C were calculated; the chi-square test was applied for statistical significance with a p-value ≤ 0.05.Results:Overall knowledge and practices of mothers regarding IMCI-C were91.1% and 95% respectively, with a significant association between the age of the child and the mother's knowledge regarding IMCI-C (χ 2 =7.935, p-value=0.019).No statistical significance of age, education, occupation income of mothers and their knowledge and practice of C-IMNCIwas observed.Conclusion:Ahigh level of knowledgeand practiceswas reported among the mothershighlighting a good literacy rate (73%) and the role of lady health workers in promoting the health of children under five.Key Words:Knowledge,Pneumonia, Malaria, Literacy
RELATIONSHIP OF AGE WITH INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE AND CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS IN HYPERTENSIVE AND NON-HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Ijaz Farhat , Aftab Rana Khurram , Sohail Hira , Ijaz Musarrat , Abdul Naeem Mohammad , Shamim Hira
Published: February 2025

Background: Increased Intraocular Pressure (IOP)is the main risk factor for glaucoma and a principal cause of permanent blindness throughout the world. Glaucoma has been significantly linked with aging.The objective of this study is to correlate the effect of age on IOP and Central Corneal Thickness (CCT)in hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects of the Pakistani population.Material andMethods: 54hypertensive and 54 non-hypertensive subjects, taken from Eye OPD Mayo Hospital, were studied. A mercuric sphygmomanometer wasused to determine the blood pressure after written informed consent. Assessment of IOP was done by Goldmann applanation tonometer by using 2% fluorescein strips. An ultrasound pachymeter was used for the measurement of CCT.Results: IOP decreasedwith ageand depicted a weak and negative association in patients with hypertension while CCT showed a weak and positive association with age among hypertensives.Conclusion: As age increases, the levels of IOP decrease and CCT shows a weak and positive correlation with age in hypertensive patients.KeyWords: Hypertension, Patients, Intraocular pressure, Body mass index
FREQUENCY OF HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES AND ITS RELATION WITH CONSANGUINITY AT TWO HEALTHCARE CENTERS OF PESHAWAR
Authors: Tariq Murad , Rehman Farooq ur , Rahman Aizaz ur , Hanif Muhammad , Umar Sadiq , Abid Shayan
Published: February 2025

Background:One of the most prevalent genetic disorders and major problems in Pakistan is hemoglobinopathies. Every year, 5,000 additional patients are added to the pool. Considering the medical and social implications of this familial condition, it is important to evaluate the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies across members of the family.Material and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 263 samples with the diagnosis of anemia and complete blood count referred for screening of HB disorder from March 2021 to February 2022 at two general hospitals Rehman medical institute (RMI) and Peshawar Institute of medical sciences (PIMS). The institutional review board approved the study then blood specimens were collected in EDTA anti-coagulated tube: a complete blood picture with a peripheral blood smear was stained with a Leishman stain was performed. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed at pH 8.8 (Fisher Biotech) using a commercially available electrophoresis kit.Result:Out of 263 Samples, Hemoglobinopathies affected 111(42.2%) people; the remaining 152(57.8%) people had a normal profile of Hb Electrophoresis. Ofthese 111 people with hemoglobinopathies, 86 (32.7%) had minor B-thalassemia and 22 (8.4%) had major B-thalassemia, while the rate of recurrence of sickle cell disease was 3 (1.1%). Among these, 40.3% of patients' parents are relativeswith which consanguinity frequency was 37.3% and 22.4% of patients’parents are not relatives or cousins.Conclusion: According to our research, cousin marriagesfrequently have a significant role in the development of B thalassemia minor, which affects the majority of patients. Relatives of known cases of thalassemia can be screened for hemoglobinopathies to reduce the financial and medical burden of transfusionsand treatment. KeyWords:Electrophoresis, Hemoglobinopathies, Thalassemia, Sickle cell disease
REASONS OF REFUSING COVID-19 VACCINATION AMONG ADULT POPULATION ATTENDING ATERTIARY CARE HOSPITALOF LAHORE, PAKISTAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Mahmood Shahid , Haider Syed Ehtisham , Arif Syed Abdullah , Akhter Chaudhary Shahtaj , Iftikhar Sana , Akhter Mehwish , Bashir Soha , Sughra Mehak
Published: February 2025

Background: Despite widespread mass communication strategy, a considerable proportion of the adult population hesitatestowards COVID-19 vaccination. This study aimed to describe reasons forrefusing COVID-19 vaccination among adults attending a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.Material and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was undertaken among patients and attendants presenting to OPDs of a Tertiary care hospital in Lahore fromJanuary through June 2022. Four hundred and thirteen unvaccinated individuals aged 18 years and above were interviewed aboutfear of complications, misconceptions, peer and family influences and vaccine administration issues. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used to examine the difference inproportions using SPSS version 25.Results:Of 413 participants, 276 (66.8%) were males,and 76% were aged between 20-50 years, with one-third havingcompleted primary school only. Despite higher awareness (83%) about COVID-19 vaccines, more than 50% of females showed concern about fear of long-term health effects. In contrast,according to males, non-immunization was due to family and peer influences (53%). More than half of the participants expressed doubt on predictive protection against COVID. We did not find any statistical association between fear of side effects, misconceptions, peer pressure and vaccination availability themes with age, gender, education and occupation (p>0.05). Conclusion: There are still gaps in accessibility, coverage and acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and in addressing the concerns among men and women of low socioeconomic population strata in Lahore about its effectiveness, long-term effects and administration. Key Words: COVID-19, Immunization, Vaccine hesitancy, Fear, Cross-sectional study
Analisis Ragam Bahasa Iklan “Online Shop” Pada Media Sosial Instagram @Diamore.Grosir
Authors: Islami Dian , Ginting Lisa Septia Dewi Br.
Published: February 2025

Analisis adalah sebuah kegiatan untuk mencari suatu pola, selain itu analisis merupakan cara berpikir yang berkaitan dengan pengujian secara sistematis terhadap sesuatu untuk menentukan bagian, hubungan antar bagian dan hubungannya dengan keseluruhan. Ragam Bahasa adalah bentuk bahasa yang bervariasi menurut konteks pemakaian atau topik yang dibicarakan, hubungan antar pembicara, medium pembicaraan. iklan adalah suatu bentuk informasi yang dilakukan oleh seseorang, instansi/ lembaga, atau perusahaan, yang isinya  berupa pesan yang menarik tentang sebuah produk atau jasa yang ditujukan kepada khalayak. Biasanya iklan dipasang di berbagai media agar terlihat oleh banyak orang, baik itu media offline maupun media online. Tujuan penelitian merupakan pernyataan tentang sasaran langsung yang ingin dicapai setelah dilaksanakannya penelitian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.  Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik baca, teknik catat dan teknik dokumentasi.  Sumber data penelitian ini adalah akun instagram @diamore.grosir, akun inilah yang akan menjadi kajian utama penulis. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat 9 ragam bahasa santai dan 5 ragam bahasa akrab.
Sicherung, Entwicklung und Bindung junger Talente und Fachkräfte
Authors: Ertl Michaela , Moosmang Eva
Published: February 2025

Die Papierfabrik Louisenthal GmbH ist Weltmarktspezialist für Hightech-Banknoten- und Sicherheitspapiere und seit 1964 Mitglied der Giesecke+Devrient Gruppe (G+D Gruppe). Das Unternehmen ist der Tradition verpflichtet: Bereits 1854 druckten Hermann Giesecke und Alphonse Devrient ihre erste Banknote – die Zehn-Taler-Note für die Weimarische Bank. Das Unternehmen hat sich stetig weiterentwickelt, um den Herausforderungen eines dynamischen Marktes zu begegnen. Der Spezialpapiermarkt für Banknoten steht heute vor zahlreichen Herausforderungen, die innovative Ansätze und kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung erfordern. Die Sicherung und Förderung von Fachkräften ist entscheidend, um den technologischen Vorsprung in der Banknotenproduktion zu halten. Es braucht qualifizierte Mitarbeitende, die sowohl die traditionelle Expertise als auch die modernen Anforderungen, wie Digitalisierung und Automatisierung, meistern.
Studium und Forschung von Holztechnik, Faserwerkstofftechnik und Papiertechnik
Authors: Miletzky Frank , Wagenführ André , Zelm Roland
Published: February 2025

Der Studiengang Verfahrenstechnik und Naturstofftechnik vereint Studienrichtungen, die die Gewinnung, Aufbereitung und Verarbeitung von nachwachsenden (regenerierbaren) Naturstoffen im Fokus haben. Dabei stehen nachhaltige Bioproduktion unter Einbeziehung aller Produktionsphasen und verantwortungsvoller Umgang mit der Biosphäre und nachhaltige Nutzung an zentraler Stelle.
Exigencias programáticas de la teleducación
Authors: O´Sullivan-Ryan Jeremiah
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 346, 1977: 561-570.
Evaluación la reforma educativa salvadoreña: un problema de criterios
Authors: Samayoa Salvador
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 32, No. 346, 1977: 589-604.
Die fotografische Erzählung der Deutsche Migration und die Konsolidierung des chilenischen Nationalstaates
Authors: Senn Daniela
Published: February 2025

This article presents an iconological analysis of heritage photographs, that were taken during the migration process of the 19th and early 20th centuries from Germany to Chile and still impact in the present. The photos are conserved in collections in several archives in Chile and were published in different illustrated books, that were financed by the Chilean state in the context of the bicentenary of the Republic (2010). From the visual and critical heritage studies approach, photographs will be contrasted against period literature and contemporary assessments to discern the discursive and aesthetic devices, that are used to elaborate a visual narrative of southern Chile. In this way, images are understood as “readable” elements that, on the one hand, present synchronously and, on the other hand, tell a diachronic story. Heritage photography is selected to represent southern Chile in a specific time period. Cultural heritage is therefore analyzed as an institutional process in which different social agents define historical and aesthetic content as valuable and essential in a certain structure.
TÜBİTAK 2204-B Ortaokul Öğrencileri Araştırma Projesi Yarışması’na İlişkin Öğrenci ve Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: Metin Özge , Yolalan Mehmet , Yolalan Hülya , Şahin Öznur
Published: February 2025

Bu araştırma, TÜBİTAK 2204-B Ortaokul Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Yarışması’na katılan öğretmen ve öğrencilerin proje süreçlerindeki deneyimlerini, karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve elde ettikleri kazanımları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yöntemi benimsenmiş ve veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Çalışma, 2024 yılında Samsun Bölgesi’nde gerçekleştirilen 55. TÜBİTAK yarışmasında dereceye giren 13 öğrenci ve 15 öğretmenle yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış, bu form uzman görüşü alınarak geliştirilip uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, öğrencilerin öğretmen yönlendirmesiyle; öğretmenlerin ise okul idaresinin bilgilendirmesiyle yarışmaya dâhil olduğunu göstermektedir. Öğrencilerin bilimsel becerilerini geliştirme ve özgün fikirler üretme amacı taşıdığı, öğretmenlerin ise öğrencilerini destekleme ve mesleki gelişim sağlama amacıyla projelere rehberlik ettiği belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenler rehberlik sürecinde zaman yetersizliği, malzeme eksikliği ve planlama sorunları gibi zorluklarla karşılaşırken; öğrenciler ise süreç boyunca heyecan ve yorgunluk gibi duygusal zorluklar yaşamıştır. Bununla birlikte, hem öğrenciler hem de öğretmenler yarışmanın bilimsel beceri gelişimi, özgüven artışı ve problem çözme yeteneği gibi katkılarını olumlu değerlendirmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca, öğrencilerin yarışma öncesinde heyecan, sonrasında ise mutluluk, özgüven artışı ve kişisel gelişim deneyimlerini vurguladıkları; öğretmenlerin ise yarışma öncesinde kaygı ve başarı beklentisi, sonrasında ise mutluluk, gurur ve mesleki tatmin duygularını ifade ettikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Dönüşüm Çağında Bir Osmanlı Âlimi: Şeyhülislam Haydarîzâde İbrahim Efendi ve Düşünceleri
Authors: Atasoy Osman
Published: February 2025

Şeyhülislam Haydarîzâde İbrahim Efendi, 1864 yılında Erbil’de başlayıp 1931’de Bağdat’ta sona eren hayatı boyunca Osmanlı coğrafyasının önemli merkezlerinde naiplik görevi başta olmak üzere dönem ulemasının gelebileceği birçok mevkide bulunmuş ve nihayetinde Şeyhülislamlık makamına erişmiş bir son devir alimidir. Haydarizade’yi çağdaşları arasında önemli kılan hususların başında Osmanlı ilmiyesinin büyük bir kurumsal dönüşüm geçirerek geleneksel olarak yürüttüğü eğitim ve yargı alanlarındaki bulunuş imkanlarının daraldığı bir evrede bu sahalar başta olmak üzere birçok farklı alanda mesleki anlamda varlık göstermiş olmasıdır. Kendisinin ilk eğitiminden medrese icazetine kadar süren tahsili ve ilk görevi olan naiplikten meslekte zirveye ulaştığı Şeyhülislamlık görevine kadar geldiği mevkiler ve bunun yanında dönemin basınında yazdığı makalelerle dile getirdiği düşünceleri Haydarizade’nin şahsi hikayesinin yanında bir bütün olarak son dönem Osmanlı ulemasının 19. Yüzyıl Osmanlı’sının merkezileşen, bürokratikleşen ve sekülerleşen devlet yapısında nasıl varlık gösterdiğini ve entelektüel hayata sağladığı katkıyı izleyebilmemiz açısından önem taşımaktadır.
A rodent paradigm for studying perceptual decisions under asymmetric reward
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyue , Erlich Jeffrey C.
Published: February 2025

Many real-life decisions involve both perceptual processes and weighing the consequences of different actions. However, the neural mechanisms underlying perceptual decisions have typically been examined separately from those underlying economic decisions. Here, we trained rats to make choices informed by both perceptual and value cues on a trial-by-trial basis. As in typical perceptual tasks, subjects were rewarded for correctly categorizing a tone relative to a learned threshold. To add an economic component, a light indicated, on each trial, whether correct responses to one side gave higher rewards than correct responses to the other side. As such, on trials with some perceptual uncertainty, it could be worthwhile to choose the unlikely option, if it had higher expected value. We found that, despite subjects sensitivity to the frequency of the cue and the reward sizes, their behavior was not optimal: subjects tended to shift their choices in a stimulus-independent way following light flashes. Moreover, subjects tended to under-shift, which could be interpreted as being over-confident in their perceptual beliefs or as being risk-averse.
FEATURES OF THE SEXUAL CULTURE OF MODERN YOUTH: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Imanbayeva S. , Sarsenova A.
Published: February 2025

The problem of sexual culture and values of young people is one of the major problems of our time. Modern youth live outside the rules and regulations governing sexuality, formed under the influence of the sexual revolution. Thanks to medical advances, young people have increased sexual activity and the age of sexual intercourse has become younger. In such circumstances, the development and shaping of young people's sexual culture is of particular importance. The article deals with sexual culture and behavior of modern youth, factors influencing its formation. The aim of the study is to examine the peculiarities of sexual culture and values of young people. The empirical base of sociological research consists of young people aged 18 to 29 years from 6 regions of Kazakhstan. The total number of respondents were 1200 (200 respondents from each region). The geography of such a study allows us to identify the peculiarities of sexual culture and behavior of Kazakhstani youth. Respondents were selected on the basis of random selection according to selected socio-demographic characteristics. The study was conducted by questionnaire method. The survey data were processed in the SPSS 22 statistical programme. The study identified reasons why young people delay or do not have sex: not being ready for intercourse, risk of contracting infectious diseases and unwillingness to upset their parents. The ways of obtaining information about physiological changes in puberty in young people are determined by formal and informal factors. The formal factors include internet resources, television, and non-formal factors are mother, family or personal search for information. The results obtained are of practical importance for the analysis of the specifics of sexual culture of young people, identification of factors and contradictions influencing its formation, development of programmes of sexual education in schools and higher educational institutions. Accordingly, the results of the study can be used to develop youth policy programs on sex education and training concerning issues of sexual culture and behavior of young people. The continuation and perspectives of this study call for an examination of the following issues: gender differences; regional specificities.
A INTEGRAÇÃO DE MICROPROCESSADORES, SISTEMAS EMBARCADOS E ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA NA REVOLUÇÃO DO MONITORAMENTO E DIAGNÓSTICO MÉDICO
Authors: Mata João Vítor Veloso , Soares Monique Conceição , Oliveira Thiago Santana de , Queiroz Jonathan Araujo
Published: February 2025

Este artigo buscou analisar a aplicação de microprocessadores e sistemas embarcados em dispositivos médicos, com foco na melhoria do monitoramento e controle das condições de saúde dos pacientes. A pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, utilizando um estudo de caso realizado em uma instituição de saúde pública. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de análise documental, entrevistas com profissionais de saúde e observação direta do uso dos dispositivos médicos, como marcapassos e ventiladores mecânicos, que incorporam microprocessadores para o controle automático das condições vitais dos pacientes. Os resultados mostraram que esses dispositivos, juntamente com a integração com tecnologias como Internet das Coisas (IoT) e Inteligência Artificial (IA), proporcionaram um monitoramento mais preciso e eficaz, permitindo intervenções rápidas e personalizadas. A pesquisa concluiu que os sistemas embarcados têm um impacto significativo na melhoria da qualidade do atendimento médico, aumentando a precisão no controle das condições críticas e permitindo um monitoramento remoto eficiente, o que contribui para a segurança dos pacientes e a otimização do tempo dos profissionais de saúde.
O comportamento musical e o desenvolvimento de habilidades musicais de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Magalhães Natália Elisa , Mello Alexandre Silva de
Published: February 2025

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista - TEA é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento com comprometimentos nas áreas social e comunicativa, existência de comportamentos repetitivos e estereotipados. Há um funcionamento sensorial atípico influenciando o comportamento musical destas crianças, observado principalmente na clínica de Musicoterapia. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender as características do comportamento musical que diferenciam uma criança que desenvolveu habilidades musicais durante os atendimentos de Musicoterapia daquelas que não desenvolveram no mesmo período, através de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e documental. A pesquisa considerou pacientes que desenvolveram habilidades musicais ao longo do processo musicoterapêutico de memorização de linhas melódicas e improvisação musical, assim como a utilização do estímulo musical com objetivo estético musical. Para o grupo de pacientes com TEA que não desenvolveu habilidades musicais, foram considerados aqueles que, durante o processo musicoterapêutico, utilizaramo estímulo musical como recurso para a modulação sensorial, possibilitando a conquista de objetivos terapêuticos relacionados à comunicação. Constatou-se que a observação clínica do musicoterapeuta, baseada nas respostas neurológicas ao estímulo musical, é de fundamental importância para uma adequada avaliação e identificação de aspectos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de habilidades musicais.
Atmospheric chemistry in East Asia determines the iron solubility of aerosol particles supplied to the North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sakata Kohei , Takano Shotaro , Matsuki Atsushi , Takeichi Yasuo , Tanimoto Hiroshi , Sakaguchi Aya , Kurisu Minako , Takahashi Yoshio
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The deposition of dissolved iron (d-Fe) from East Asian aerosols to the North Pacific Ocean modulates primary productivity in surface waters, facilitating uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide by the ocean, thereby impacting global climate. Since the microorganisms in the surface seawater utilize d-Fe as a micronutrient, bioavailability of aerosol Fe depends on its solubility (Fesol%). Although Fesol% is influenced by both emission sources and atmospheric processing, their effects on Fesol% are not fully understood. We assessed the factors controlling Fesol% in size-fractionated aerosol particles collected along the Sea of Japan coast for one year (July 2019–June 2020). Approximately 70 % of d-Fe in East Asian aerosols was present in fine aerosol particles (<1.3 µm), with Fesol% ranging from 4.1 % to 94.9 %. Anthro-Fe accounted for about 50 % of d-Fe in fine aerosol particles during periods outside the COVID-19 lockdown, but its contribution was negligible during the lockdown. The Fesol% in fine aerosol particles correlated with the abundance of water-soluble Fe species (Fe(II, III)-sulfates and Fe(III)-oxalate). These water-soluble Fe species were detected in both mineral dust and anthropogenic aerosols in fine aerosol particles. Dissolution models optimized for Fe in mineral dust and anthropogenic aerosols showed that Fe in both aerosol types dissolved by proton-promoted dissolution under acidic conditions (pH < 2.0). Subsequently d-Fe dissolved from aerosols was stabilized by the formation of Fe(III)-oxalate in the aqueous phase. Thus, comprehensive understandings of the chemical alteration processes of East Asian aerosols are essential for accurately quantifying their Fesol% upon transport to the North Pacific.
A novel multispecies approach for the detection of ecosystem regime shifts – a case study in the North Sea
Authors: Dees Paul , Fröb Friederike , Arellano-Nava Beatriz , Johns David G. , Heinze Christoph
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The physical environment both above and below the ocean surface has changed dramatically during the last century. Changes in the marine environment induced by increased release of greenhouse gases and direct exploitation of resources include increased ocean temperature, decreased salinity and pH, and removal of apex-predators. The risk of ecological regime shifts occurring has similarly increased. A variety of methodologies to predict regime shifts have already been used in the North Sea, which has become an important case study for the analysis of regime shifts in a semi-enclosed water body. The North Sea is regarded as a case study in part due to the operation of the continuous plankton recorder, which has provided detailed abundance records of phyto- and zooplankton for over 60 years. Here, we propose a new methodology to calculate regime shift likelihood for every month between 1958 and 2020. This methodology is unique as the model described produces a single time series of regime shift likelihood, using sequential abundance data of more than 300 plankton species. We show the model's ability to identify when regime shifts occurred in the past by comparing it to previous, less automated methodologies. We have validated the model for use in the North Sea by estimating how often false positives and false negatives are generated. Results from the model indicate evidence for three periods of high regime shift likelihood in various parts of the North Sea: between 1962 and 1972, between 1989 until 1999, and between 2002 until 2015. We show that these periods are consistent with previous estimates of North Sea regime shifts, and discuss possible applications of the model's output of a single time series.
Improving the representation of major Indian crops in the Community Land Model version 5.0 (CLM5) using site-scale crop data
Authors: Reddy Kangari Narender , Baidya Roy Somnath , Rabin Sam S. , Lombardozzi Danica L. , Varma Gudimetla Venkateswara , Biswas Ruchira , Naik Devavat Chiru
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Accurate representation of croplands is essential for simulating terrestrial water, energy, and carbon fluxes over India because croplands constitute more than 50 % of the Indian land mass. Wheat and rice are the two major crops grown in India, covering more than 80 % of the agricultural land. The Community Land Model version 5 (CLM5) has significant errors in simulating the crop phenology, yield, and growing season lengths due to errors in the parameterizations of the crop module, leading to errors in carbon, water, and energy fluxes over these croplands. Our study aimed to improve the representation of wheat and rice crops in CLM5. Unfortunately, the crop data necessary to calibrate and evaluate the models over the Indian region are not readily available. This study used comprehensive wheat and rice novel crop data for India created by digitizing historical observations. This dataset is the first of its kind, covering 50 years and over 20 sites of crop growth data across tropical regions, where data have traditionally been spatially and temporally sparse. We used eight wheat sites and eight rice sites from the recent decades. Many sites have multiple growing seasons, taking the total up to nearly 20 growing seasons for each crop. We used these data to calibrate and improve the representation of the sowing dates, growing season, growth parameters, and base temperature in CLM5. The modified CLM5 performed much better than the default model in simulating the crop phenology, yield, and carbon, water, and energy fluxes compared to site-scale data and remote sensing observations. For instance, Pearson's r for monthly leaf area index (LAI) improved from 0.35 to 0.92, and monthly gross primary production (GPP) improved from −0.46 to 0.79 compared to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) monthly data. The r value of the monthly sensible and latent heat fluxes improved from 0.76 and 0.52 to 0.9 and 0.88, respectively. Moreover, because of the corrected representation of the growing seasons, the seasonality of the simulated irrigation matched the observations. This study demonstrates that global land models must use region-specific parameters rather than global parameters for accurately simulating vegetation processes and corresponding land surface processes. The improved CLM5 can be used to investigate the changes in growing season lengths, water use efficiency, and climate impacting crop growth of Indian crops in future scenarios. The model can also help provide estimates of crop productivity and net carbon capture abilities of agroecosystems in future climate.
Լեզվական բազմազանություն հանուն գլոբալ գիտության զարգացման
Authors: Hovhannisyan Gayane
Published: February 2025

Global challenges require generating a unified terminological system of scientific communication. This is necessary for several reasons: to solve problems of quality and credibility, norms and standardization, interdisciplinary regulations and financing, information and authorship security. The same global challenges require ensuring natural diversity in science, which is possible if the local scientific thinking and the local languages are preserved. This conceptual paper puts forward the idea that the functions of scientific communication are significantly different from the functions of science itself, therefore it deserves separate attention. Scientific thinking and language ensure the continuity of collective identity and self-awareness, its international representation and natural ecology of communication, the values and their security. Therefore, a country's scientific thought should develop in its people's language. In the internal environment, language serves the cultural self-knowledge of citizens, granting them a dignified identity, which in turn forms moral and ethical immunity and public consent. In the field of external communication, it ensures the presentation of unique knowledge content and the expansion of the space of subjectivity since subjective meanings create mental and physical spaces, which are filled and expanded along with the growth of meanings, needs, and demands. The task of a stable internal and external language policy is to organize and implement conditions conducive to the development of science in the native language and its multilingual dissemination, environment, resources and regulations, to ensure the development of a unique, indigenous language of science, and its multilingual communication in global platforms and initiatives.
El desfío de la igualdad de género: perspectivas desde el Trabajo Social en los Servicios de Ayuda a Domicilio
Authors: Roca-Escoda Mireia , Hernández-Cordero Ana Lucía
Published: February 2025

Este artículo aborda la reproducción de desigualdades de género en el Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio (SAD) y la responsabilidad del Trabajo Social en este contexto. Se estudia la tensión entre la autonomía personal de las personas usuarias y la promoción de la igualdad de género en estos servicios. Aunque la libertad de elección es crucial para garantizar la autonomía personal, también puede reforzar roles tradicionales que asignan a la mujer como principal cuidadora, perpetuando la feminización del cuidado. A través de una metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas en profuncidad a trabajadoras sociales, se analizan sus discursos y prácticas a la hora de seleccionar a la persona profesional encargada de la provisión de los cuidados en el hogar. Los resultados muestran que el SAD es percibido como un trabajo "de mujeres" y que las personas usuarias suelen preferir a personas cuidadoras mujeres, lo que refuerza los estereotipos de género en el sector y contribuye a mantener las desigualdades en la distribución del trabajo de cuidados. El estudio plantea la necesidad de que el Trabajo Social promueva un equilibrio entre el derecho a la libre elección y la justicia social, evitando así la reproducción de roles tradicionales. Se destaca la importancia de incorporar la perspectiva de género en el Trabajo Social y se propone la "autonomía relacional" como alternativa, teniendo en cuenta la inderdependencia y la responsabilidad social en las decisiones sobre los cuidados.
Repensando el modelo de intervención con menores y jóvenes migrantes solos/as : Reflexiones y propuestas desde la experiencia
Authors: Herrero Galiano Eva
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza y cuestiona el modelo de atención e intervención social con menores y jóvenes migrantes solos/as, a partir del análisis de la práctica profesional de una entidad: Fundación Raíces. Desde metodologías cualitativas y participativas, basadas en entrevistas individuales a profesionales y jóvenes, revisión de casos, grupos de discusión con jóvenes, análisis documental, junto al relato crítico de la práctica profesional, se cuestiona el actual modelo asistencialista y normativo de intervención y se presenta una alternativa basada en enfoques de derecho y en metodologías participativas centradas en la persona.
El análisis crítico de los modelos convencionales de intervención social aplicados a un colectivo tan vulnerable como son menores y jóvenes migrantes solos en España, permite a las ciencias sociales vinculadas a la intervención social cuestionar su práctica profesional, enriquecerla y virar hacia modelos menos normativos, más integrales y participativos.
Salir del sinhogarismo. Una aproximación a través de historias de vida
Authors: Caro Blanco Fernanda , López-Bermúdez Alfonso
Published: February 2025

Las situaciones de sinhogarismo a las que se refiere el presente trabajo quedan recogidas bajo las dos primeras categorías conceptuales propuestas por la tipología ETHOS: sin techo y sin vivienda. Se estudian procesos concretos, vividos por personas que han transitado por distintas situaciones de exclusión relacionadas con la falta de vivienda, a fin de identificar, en sus procesos vitales, aquellos aspectos que les han ayudado a mejorar sus posibilidades de integración social. Así, el objetivo principal de esta investigación se centra en conocer los factores que inciden positiva y significativamente en la superación del sinhogarismo a partir de los relatos de personas que han vivido estos procesos. Para cumplir este objetivo, se ha empleado una metodología cualitativa, mediante la utilización de la técnica de la historia de vida, la cuál ha permitido a las personas identificar el eco de su pasado y la visión de su futuro, señalando los acontecimientos más significativos en la vida de los individuos narrados en primera persona. Los resultados apuntan hacia algunos aspectos que deben ser incorporados en las políticas de prevención y erradicación del sinhogarismo como: la centralidad de la vivienda, la necesaria reforma de los modelos de atención en centros de acogida a personas sin hogar, el acompañamiento no estigmatizador capaz de atender aspectos emocionales y de salud mental; el fortalecimiento de las redes de apoyo social y la promoción de los sistemas de garantía de ingreso y acceso al empleo.
Nos rastros das origens da interseccionalidade
Authors: Silva Bruna Gabriella Santiago
Published: February 2025

Claudia Jones, nome de Claudia Vera Cumberbatch, foi uma intelectual, jornalista, poeta e ativista nascida em Trinidad e Tobago. Migrou com sua família ainda na infância para os Estados Unidos, viveu parte da sua vida no Harlem, em Nova York, até sofrer a perseguição política que resultou em seu encarceramento e seu exílio para a Inglaterra. Este artigo surge com o intuito de apresentar, ainda que de forma introdutória, a trajetória dessa pensadora afro-caribenha, compreendendo que sua experiência de vida está intimamente ligada ao seu ativismo e produção intelectual. Além disso, levantamos o questionamento sobre sua ausência em nosso campo acadêmico. Por fim, analisamos sua produção no que tange à categoria “tripla opressão”, compreendendo-a como uma ferramenta analítica que antecede a interseccionalidade e que é mobilizada para apreender a experiência feminina e negra. Para tal, faremos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema nos valendo da produção acadêmica estadunidense, biografias e autobiografias através do método biográfico.
Como Gumbrecht leu Heidegger?
Authors: Carneiro Gabriel Barroso Vertulli
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do presente artigo é questionar um ponto específico da leitura de Martin Heidegger feita por Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht. Trata-se de problematizar a afirmação de Gumbrecht de que haveria uma convergência entre a sua noção de “presença” e o conceito heideggeriano de “ser”. A partir de um exame da interpretação feita por Heidegger do termo ousia, visamos demonstrar que ser e presença não poderiam convergir na medida em que presentificar o primeiro seria ignorar a diferença ontológica – isto é, a diferença entre ser e ente. Se o intuito de Gumbrecht foi de fato presentificar o ser, ele acaba por torná-lo substancializável e, por consequência, a sua noção de presença operaria a partir de um “esquecimento do esquecimento do ser”.
Teoría y epistemologia de la historia
Authors: Moreno Eduard
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este artículo es exponer una serie de reflexiones sobre la relación entre los diversos debates teóricos y epistemológicos en torno a la disciplina histórica, implícitas en la práctica del oficio del historiador, con el ejercicio de su enseñanza. Me pregunto por las relaciones entre el opus operandi y el modus operandi al interior de la historia y el desdoblamiento de esta relación en la práctica de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la teoría y la epistemología de la historia. Estas reflexiones se desarrollan en el marco de tres preguntas: ¿Cómo entender la epistemología crítica y cómo se relaciona con la praxis histórica?; ¿Qué implica la enseñanza de la teoría y epistemología de la historia?; y, finalmente ¿para qué pensar la historia?
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК И ФРЕТТИНГ-КОРРОЗИОННОГО ИЗНОСА БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИХ МАГНИЕВЫХ СПЛАВОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЛАЗЕРНОГО УДАРНОГО УПРОЧНЕНИЯ
Authors: САХВАДЗЕ Г Ж.
Published: February 2025

В статье исследуется магниевый сплав ZK60, который обрабатывается с помощью технологии лазерного ударного упрочнения при различных энергиях лазерного излучения. Проведено конечно-элементное моделирование технологии лазерного ударного упрочнения с целью изучения фреттинг-коррозионного износа магниевого сплава ZK60 в среде, имитирующем жидкости организма (солевом растворе Хэнка - СРХ). Исследованы механические характеристики и фреттинг-коррозионный износ магниевого сплава до и после обработки по технологии лазерного ударного упрочнения. Результаты показали, что максимальное снижение фреттинг-коррозионного износа с помощью технологии лазерного ударного упрочнения составляет примерно 73.4 %. Показано, что такую технологию можно успешно применить для снижения скорости коррозии и фреттинг-коррозионного износа магниевых сплавов ZK60, работающих в среде СРХ.

The paper investigates the magnesium alloy ZK60, which is processed using laser shock processing technology (LSP) at various laser radiation energies. Finite element modeling of the LSP technology was carried out in order to study the fretting corrosion wear of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in an environment simulating body fluids (Hank solution). The mechanical characteristics and fretting-corrosion wear of a magnesium alloy before and after processing using the LSP technology have been studied. The results showed that the maximum reduction in fretting corrosion wear using LSP technology is approximately 73.4%. It is shown that the LSP technology can be successfully applied to reduce the rate of corrosion and fretting-corrosion wear of ZK60 magnesium alloys operating in the Hank solution.
Stochastic differential equations driven by relative martingales
Authors: Eyi Obiang Fulgence , Mbenangoye Paulo Joyce , Faye Ibrahima , Moutsinga Octave
Published: February 2025

This paper contributes to the study of relative martingales. Specifically, for a closed random set $H$, they are processes null on $H$ which decompose as $M=m+v$, where $m$ is a càdlàg uniformly integrable martingale and, $v$ is a continuous process with integrable variations such that $v_{0}=0$ and $dv$ is carried by $H$. First, we extend this notion to stochastic processes not necessarily null on $H$, where $m$ is considered local martingale instead of a uniformly integrable martingale. Thus, we provide a general framework for the new larger class of relative martingales by presenting some structural properties. Second, as applications, we construct solutions for skew Brownian motion equations using continuous stochastic processes of the above mentioned new class. In addition, we investigate stochastic differential equations driven by a relative martingale.
Common fixed points for generalized weakly contractive maps using simulation function
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Sharma Rashmi
Published: February 2025

In this paper, first we prove a common fixed point theorem for a pair of weakly
compatible maps under generalized weak contractive condition. Secondly, we prove common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings along with E.A. and (CLRf ) properties. At the end, we prove a common fixed point theorem for variants of R-weakly commutative maps.
On generalised almost r-contact structure in a GF manifold
Authors: Kankarej Manisha M. , Singh Jai Pratap
Published: February 2025

The main focus of this research is to study properties and theorems of a generalised almost r-contact structure in a GF manifold. GF structure endowed with a metric tensor, an affine connection, Nijenhuis tensor and $\pi$ plane field of a generalised almost r-contact structure are also a part of the study. Contact structures have applications in different branches of mathematics and physics which can be explored further with the help of examples presented in standard and generalized form in this research.
Almost periodic solutions for a class of neutral integro-differential equations
Authors: kostic Marko , Velinov Daniel
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic mild solutions for a class of neutral integro-differential equations in Banach spaces. We essentially apply the results from the fixed point theory. At the end of paper, we present some illustrative examples to show the effectiveness of the obtained findings.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF BISPHOSPHONATE-ASSOCIATED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAWS IN 112 ONCOLOGY PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Epidemiology and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Hristamyan Meri , Raycheva Ralitsa ,   Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Hristamyan Veselka ,   Clinic of Maxillo-facial Surgery, UMHAT St. George - Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2025

Background: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BAONJ) is a condition linked to the intake of Bisphosphonates (BP) and clinically manifesting in mucosal ulceration and exposure of underlying necrotic bone. The aim of the study is to analyze the clinical manifestation, paraclinical methods for diagnosis, and treatment methods of BAONJ in oncology patients.
Methods: A prospective epidemiological study of 112 oncology patients diagnosed with BAONJ was conducted in the Clinic of maxillo-facial surgery of UMHAT "St. George", Plovdiv, Bulgaria. SPSS Statistics v.24 was used for statistical analysis at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The main diagnostic methods were clinical examination and history taking, with X-rays in 91.96% (n=103). Half of the patients were diagnosed at stage II, 29.46% at stage I, 17.86% at stage III, and 1.79% at stage 0. The highest proportion of patients (71.41%, n=80) reported pain in the jaws, about 2/3 - exposed bone (65.18%, n=73), and swelling/edema (60.71%, n=68). Treatment included an antibiotic in 54.45% (n=61) of the β-lactam antibiotics group. Debridement was performed in 32.14% (n=36) of cases, followed by other surgical manipulation in 18.75% (n=21) and resection in 4.56% (n=5).
Conclusion: BAONJ is diagnosed late, which leads to the necessity of surgical treatment.
Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux in children
Authors: Akramov N. R. , Gimadeev B. R.
Published: February 2025

Vesicoureteral reflux is an anatomical and functional pathology of the upper urinary tract resulting in retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter. The prevalence of this pathology is approximately 1% of all children. The main goals in the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux are to preserve renal function and minimise the risk of pyelonephritis. Although endoscopic treatment of PMR has become a priority in recent decades, its effectiveness in high-grade reflux is rather low. Therefore, surgical correction remains the main treatment for high-grade reflux. Most surgeons disagree on the choice of a universal surgical technique for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux. This review presents the most commonly used ureterocystostomies in children with modifications: Lich-Gregoir, Cohen, Glenn-Anderson and Politano-Leadbetter. The prospects of treating reflux megaureter using modifications of the Bischof technique are also analysed.
A differentiated approach to the treatment of infected hydatid cysts of the lungs in children
Authors: Ibodzoda H. I. , Oripov M. A. , Rofiev R. R. , Ikromi T. Sh.
Published: February 2025

Aim of the study. To optimize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of postoperative complications in children with infected hydatid cysts of the lungs complicated by rupture into the bronchus or pleural cavity.

Materials and methods. The study analyzed the results of diagnosis and treatment of infected hydatid cysts of the lungs that had ruptured into the bronchus and pleural cavity in 120 children. Depending on the size and volume of the hydatid cysts, the following groups were diagnosed: small – 22 (18.3%), medium – 56 (46.7%), large – 24 (20.0%), and giant – 18 (15.0%). Rupture into the pleural cavity was identified in 17 (14.2%) patients, rupture into the bronchus in 103 (85.8%), and pericystic inflammation in 32 (26.7%). In 15 (12.5%) children, parasitic cysts involved both lungs, while in 13 (10.8%) combined echinococcosis (liver + lungs) was diagnosed. Diagnosis was carried out using clinical and laboratory studies, radiography, computed tomography (CT), multislice CT with 4D imaging, and functional diagnostic methods.

Results and discussion. After confirming the diagnosis, targeted preoperative preparation was performed in 89 patients from the main group. The preparation aimed to reduce intoxication, decrease allergic sensitization, and alleviate inflammatory processes in the bronchopulmonary system. Surgical treatment involved the elimination of the residual cavity of the fibrous capsule by creating an interlobar or intersegmental fissure (74 cases), as well as performing subtotal pericystectomy.

Conclusions. The choice of intensive therapy considers the nature of inflammatory processes and the degree of endogenous intoxication. The method for eliminating the residual cavity of the fibrous capsule is determined based on the size of the residual cavity and is tailored individually for each patient.