bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Storytelling as a Polifunctional Instrument of Modern Communication: Linguistic and Stylistic Features
Authors: Pyatetska Olga
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes media instrument of modern communication, i.e. storytelling, which is widely used for commercial, advertising and corporate purposes to influence recipient's emotions, cognition and motivations. At the same time, storytelling based on real life facts is one of the most effective learning techniques that promotes linguistic competence and enables various communication tasks to be solved. Analysis of storytelling showed that it gained particular relevance due to the principles of submission the information in implicit form, unobtrusively influencing the audience, gaining its trust and loyalty, resulting in the recipients make their own decisions and draw appropriate conclusions. It is established that to reach a high level of influence on the target audience, a story must be true, emotional, relevant and new, contain an idea, a bright character or image, have a dynamic plot, often with a surprise effect, logical conclusion, intrigue till the end and (for electronic versions)be accompanied by quality content. Despite defined algorithms for story-building and typical content structures of its plot, there is a tendency to create storytelling outside the box. The main principle that determines the theme, ideas, specifics of language organization of stories is adaptation to the target audience. Separate analysis of direct-acting storytelling which has recently spread in social networks is given. Its purpose is to draw the reader's attention to current problems, influence the recipient's emotions and behavior with the help of verbal and non-verbal means. An example of such storytelling in Ukraine is the Ukraїner Media Project which helped to represent our country in a new way and realize the dreams of many ordinary citizens. The studying of different stories showed that storytelling uses such linguistic and stylistic means as emotionally coloured vocabulary which is typical for literary, mass media and colloquial functional styles, foreign words, jargon, slang expressions, phraseologisms, metaphors, personifications, rhetoric constructions etc. As for parts of speech, verbs are more frequently used because they intensify and dynamize the narrative.
Peculiarities of Past Tense Grammatical Expression in Short Prosaic Forms of the Serbian Literary Discourse of the 20th–21st centuries
Authors: Yarmak Veronika
Published: November 2019

The article deals with semantic and emotional load of Serbian verb's analytical and synthetic forms as explicit means of past tense expression in stylized epistolary fragments of short prose forms of Serbian classical literary discourse of different epochs. The author consistently considers stylized epistolary passages from tales by eminent Serbian writers: L. Lazarević, Y. Vselinović, І. Sekulić, М. Кapora, noting the key role of perfects, aorists, imperfects, pluperfects in chronotopes of short stories with a relatively clear configuration (when a retrospection of linear event sequence is present) and rather vague boundaries (in cases when letters are peculiar to time dialogue between writer and reader). Particular attention is paid to investigation of functions of preterit verb forms in stylized letters drawn towards reporting people about actual events. The author's attention is also focused on the mechanisms of creating the so-called intimization effect and the role of various Serbian past tense verb forms in this process. The letters as a literary device and an integral part of the author's communicative strategy are examined not only in the context of merely grammatical parameters of temporal strata but also from the point of view of deictic and narrative use of past tense grammemes. Serbian epistolary literary discourse provides rich illustrative material for specifying the issue of deictic and narrative parameters' relevance in respect of usage of tense forms or grammemes selected for analysis. The research proves that correlation of the mentioned parameters in Serbian language context is highly interesting, however, rather complicated and controversial. The comparison of Serbian and French literary texts shows that the temporal picture of the latter is almost diametrically opposite, meaning full functionality of aorist and imperfect and limited use of analytical perfect, which is used in the reproduction of direct speech, mainly in dialogues.
STUDY OF APPLICABILITY OF THE BINARY SELECTION MODEL IN ANALYSIS OF OUTFLOW IN THE TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY
Authors: Panov V. A.
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the relevance of the problem of customer churn in the telecommunications sector; as well as the benefits of using econometric binary selection models to predict the probability of customer’s base churn.
INNOVATIONS IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY: TYPES, CLASSIFICATION AND EFFECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Khovalova T. V.
Published: November 2019

In the global energy system, the fight against climate change, meeting the growing demand for electricity, using the opportunities gained through the fourth industrial revolution and affecting all sectors of the economy and the related qualitative changes in the characteristics of electricity demand become extremely urgent. In recent years, the general pace of innovation has been growing, while introducing innovation in the energy sector has become a complex long-term challenge. Digitalization of the electric power industry in Russia is one of the key objectives of the industry development. The purpose of this study is to consider the existing classification of innovations from the standpoint of the electric power industry and to determine what qualitative and quantitative effects the introduction of innovations in the Russian electric power industry gives. To calculate the effects, we used data from Federal State Statistics Service and the Russian Energy Agency, as well as annual public reports of the System Operator and data provided by NP «Market Council». An assessment is made based on optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. As the first, the highest values were taken, as the second – the lowest values according to experts' forecasts. First proposed classification of types of innovations in the electric power industry related to changes in technology and changes in the market. The effects of each type of innovation are also calculated. The paper concludes that the effects of innovations due to changes in technology are more influential than innovations due to changes in the market.
The Types of Religious Identity of Chechen Students
Authors: Khaskhanova М. Т. , Vereshchagina M. V.
Published: November 2019

Introduction. In connection with the growth of religious consciousness of young people in Russia, the study of their religious identity is being updated. Scientists pay special attention to Islamic denominations, as both in Western countries and in the Russian Federation, the number of Muslims is increasing. However, scientific publications cover mainly sociological aspects of the problem, and its psychological component remains insufficiently investigated, which largely determines the social behaviour of a person and affects the process of his or her socialisation. In view of the interest shown by the scientific community in Arab-Muslim culture, appropriate psychological research should be carried out in Muslim-dominated regions. The Chechen Republic is one of such territories in the Russian Federation.

The aim is to identify the characteristics and types of religious identity of Chechen students.

Methodology and research methods. The study was performed in the framework of socio-psychological approach using the following questionnaires: “Scale of Religious Orientation” by G. Allport, D. Ross; “Structure of Individual Religiosity” by Y. V. Shcherbatykh; questionnaires developed by A. N. Tatarko and N. M. Lebedeva for the study of certainty and valence of ethnic identity and readiness for interethnic interaction; “Types of Ethnic Identity” by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova.

Results and scientific novelty. It is revealed that the majority of Chechen students are characterised by consistently internal religious orientation, in which religion is the main value and primary motive of activity. Almost a quarter of respondents demonstrated consistently external religious orientation, characterised by instrumental or external significance. A small group of respondents can be classified as inconsistently religious, whose external religiosity prevails over the internal, and their motivation for behaviour is poorly connected with religion. On the basis of the factor analysis, the types of religious identity of Chechen students are revealed: ethno-cultural, true Muslim, formal, pro-social, non-adaptive, nonreligious, ethnocentric and positive ethnic. The present study evidences that the structure of social identity of students is dominated by ethno-cultural religious identity.

Practical significance. The research results extend the knowledge about the content of the concept of “religious identity”, its place in the structure of social identity of the individual, as well as about the relationship of religious orientations with ethnic identity.
Ethnopharmacological Documentation of Medicinal Plants Used in the Traditional Treatment of Hypertension in Tarfaya Province, Morocco
Authors: Idm'hand Elhassan , Msanda Fouad , Cherifi Khalil
Published: November 2019

The use of plants to treat chronic diseases is part of an ancient Moroccan tradition. This study will present the first relevant documentation on medicinal plants used in the treatment of hypertension in Tarfaya province. This study aimed to collect and document information on medicinal plants traditionally used by the local population of Tarfaya province for the treatment of hypertension. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted using 150 questionnaires in the study area. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative ethno-botanical indices of frequency citation (FC) and Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC). The results obtained allowed to inventory 52 species of medicinal plants belonging to 29 families traditionally used against hypertension. The species were rich in diverse chemical constituents. The most cited families are Lamiaceae (9 species), Apiaceae (5 species), Compositae (3 species), Leguminosae (3 species) and Myrtaceae (3 species). Ten plants are reported for the first time as used in the treatment of hypertension. The most cited plant species areAllium sativum(RFC = 0.28),Allium cepa(RFC = 0.2),Olea europaea(RFC = 0.18),Searsia tripartita(RFC = 0.16),Ammodaucus leucotrichus(RFC = 0.15) andMyrtus communis(RFC = 0.15). Leaves were the most used organs. The decoction was the dominant method of preparation. This study showed that the inhabitants of Tarfaya use a wide variety of plants for the treatment of hypertension. This work is a source of information that can serve as a basis for phytochemists and pharmacologists interested in research on plants with antihypertensive effect.
Tissue expansion as an aesthetic alternative for facial resurfacing: a single centre series of 92 patients
Authors: Agrawal Neeraj K. , Choudhary Aditya N. , Agrawal Preeti
Published: November 2019

Background: The visibility, vulnerability and social stigmata of facial scars whether by burn, nevi or trauma can be compelling for the patient as well as challenging for the surgeon. Restoration to normal form and aesthetics require tissue replacement which has good colour and texture match and produce minimal visible scarring.  Although many other options are available for a given defect, tissue expansion offers the best alternative which meets almost all the criteria of an ideal procedure.Methods: Among 92 patients with deformities over various facial subunits were operated and expanders 50 ml to 300 ml inserted subcutaneously adjacent to the scar. Prior planning, accurate measurement and choice of ideal expander is extremely important. A precise and practical method of calculation for determination of amount and duration of expander was used. Any secondary deformity to adjoining vital structures was avoided.Results: Results were meticulously and critically analyzed. Different shapes, dimensions and volume of expanders were used depending on the anatomical site which was to be expanded. A total of 118 expanders were inserted in 92 patients. The average volume of tissue expanders used was 170.33 ml. Majority of the expanders used had volume of 200 ml (62.71%). Post-expansion volume was 240.67 ml and the over expansion done was 41.3% over the pre-expansion volume of 170.33 ml. Surgical outcome and cosmesis was assessed by the patient’s perspective and was considered fair by 57.61% patients.Conclusions: The study underlines the clinical application, reasons for overexpansion as well as shortcomings and complications of tissue expansion.
Serial pulmonary function test abnormality in tuberculous pleural effusion
Authors: Bansal Ayush , Nabar Shekhar Trimbak
Published: November 2019

Background: Pleural effusion is a common clinical problem that frequently causes dyspnoea and poor ventilatory function. In addition to fluid, pleural thickening, septations and calcifications can add to the functional deterioration of lungs. The drainage of pleural effusion is very effective in improving the functionality of lungs. Large volume pleural fluid tapping results in immediate hemodynamic improvement and relief from dyspnoea.Methods: The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of tubercular pleural effusion on the ventilatory function of the lungs and to find out the correlation between the effect of pleural tapping and functional effect on the lungs. The study comprised of thirty tubercular pleural effusion cases. They were observed for six months by doing serial chest X-rays and pulmonary function test.Results: It was observed that tuberculous pleural effusion causes a restrictive abnormality and small airway obstruction. These abnormalities improve gradually over a period of six months when the patient is on anti-tubercular treatment. The role of any therapeutic intervention towards decreasing these lung function abnormalities will be subject of separate large-scale prospective study.Conclusions: Functional defects and residual pleural thickening has no correlation with the initial severity of pleural effusion.
Concurrent chemoradiation in head and neck cancers with weekly cisplatin: analysing toxicities
Authors: Vias Poorva , Gupta Manoj , Seam Rajeev Kumar , Gupta Manish , Fotedar Vikas , Ahuja Rachit
Published: November 2019

Background: Head and neck cancers constitute 6% of cancers worldwide. The management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin is the standard approach for locally advanced head and neck cancers. The most commonly used regime uses three weekly cisplatin which is more toxic. Low-dose once-a-week cisplatin is substituted because of perceived lower toxicity and convenience.  Methods: Squamous cell carcinoma of stage III, IVA and IVB of oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were studied for one year. 82 patients were studied. Total dose of radiation was 66Gy/33#/6 ½ weeks from Monday to Friday with inj. Cisplatin 40mg/m2 i.v. infusion weekly.Results: 88% of patients were able to complete five or more weekly chemotherapy cycles with cumulative dose of 200mg/m2. Grade 2 and 3 acute toxicities were seen in weekly cisplatin arm but were conservatively managed.Conclusions: Weekly cisplatin can be used with concurrent radiotherapy as the acute toxicities are manageable and is well tolerated.
Assessment of acid phosphatase enzyme and influence of potassium iodide on its production in the yeast form of Sporothrix schenckii
Authors: Bareja Rajesh , Grover Prem S. , Mehra Sudhir K.
Published: November 2019

Background: Sporotrichosis is caused by a dimorphic fungal species, Sporothrix schenckii (S. schenckii). The enzyme acid phosphatase is pervasive among yeast and yeast like fungi. It has been studied in various fungi like Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans etc. but in S. schenckii little is known about enzyme acid phosphatase. The present study depicts the in-vitro influence of Potassium Iodide (KI) on the enzyme acid phosphatase produced by the S. schenckii (yeast form).Methods: A master culture was prepared by incorporating the standard strain of S. schenckii in YNB (Yeast Nitrogen Base) medium and was incubated at 37ºC. After preparing the increasing concentrations with KI in YNB medium, 1.0 mL suspension of master culture was inoculated into each bottle and incubated at 37ºC for different time period 6th, 12th, 18th day (early, mid, peak of log period) respectively. After centrifuging, a 5% homogenate was prepared, which was used for acid phosphatase enzyme assay.Results: The mean acid phosphatase level of control specimen was 20.9±2.01, 50.0±2.25, 45.0±5.10 μg and test specimens was ranged from 14.9±4.89 to 20.2±3.49, 10.2±4.19 to 40.0±6.39 and 10.0±1.81 to 34.7±6.08 μg on day 6, 12 and 18 respectively. The mean value was lower significantly for all the test concentrations as compared to control (p<0.05).Conclusions: The low activity of the enzyme acid phosphatase indicates that KI has inhibitory effect on the growth of S. schenckii that has led to decrease in the activity of the enzyme.
Comparison of levobupivacaine vs bupivacaine in thoracic spinal anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies
Authors: Kour Loveleen , Katoch Madan Lal
Published: November 2019

Background: Levobupivacaine is the pure S enantiomer of racemic bupivacaine. It is a long acting variant that is less toxic to the heart and central nervous system. It has gained relevance and popularity in the modern anaesthetic practice. Thoracic spinal anaesthesia has been shown to an effective   and safe anaesthetic approach for a varied spectrum of surgeries including laparoscopic cholecystectomies.  Incorporation   of epidural catheter adds flexibility and the provision of postoperative analgesia. To adopt thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies was chosen in the study. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine in thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomies.Methods: Total 60 ASA 1 and 2 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomies were chosen for the purpose of this study extending from January 2019 to May 2019.  They were randomly divided into two groups - group L and group B. Both the groups received thoracic combined spinal anaesthesia using 2ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine and 25 µg (0.5ml) fentanyl in group L and 2ml of 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine and 25 µg (0.5ml) fentanyl in group B.  The duration of sensory and motor block, peak block height, maximum motor block achieved, haemodynamic variables and any postoperative neurological complications were evaluated.Results: Both the groups showed similar onset of sensory and motor block. The duration of motor block was similar in both the drug groups; however, levobupivacaine showed a significantly loner duration of sensory block.  There were no significant haemodynamic differences between the two groups and no postoperative neurological complications were seen in any patient.Conclusions: Levobupivacaine was found to be slightly better than bupivacaine in thoracic combined spinal epidural anaesthesia.
Liver abscess: demographic, clinical, biochemical, imaging and microbial spectrum
Authors: Bhutto Abdul Rabb , Abbasi Amanullah , Rafi Shumaila , Abro Ali Hassan
Published: November 2019

Background: Liver abscesses are localized suppurative destruction of liver tissue due to infections of either bacterial (Pyogenic) or protozoa (Amoebic). Historically; pyogenic liver abscess has been described since the time of hippocrates (400 BC). Despite the more aggressive approach to treatment, the mortality rate remained at 60-80%.Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study carried out at Department of Medicine, Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Karachi, from June 2017 to December 2018. All participants of either gender with diagnosis of liver abscess were included in this prospective study. Patients with co morbidities like malignancy, autoimmune disease or on immunosuppressive treatment for any reason were excluded from the study. Following confirmation of the diagnosis; different characteristics of either type of liver abscess like demographic, clinical features, biochemical and imaging findings were evaluated.Results: Data of 73 subjects, 65(89.0%) males and 08(11.0%) females were analyzed with mean age was 45.42±14.518 years. Fifty-four (73.97%) patients had pyogenic liver abscess while amoebic liver abscess was found in 19(26.03%) subjects. Clinically, the most common symptom was abdominal pain, found in 66(90.4%) subjects, followed by fever in 61(83.6%), hepatomegaly in 47(64.4%), jaundice in 18(24.7%) and vomiting in 10(13.7%) cases. Demographics and clinical features are shown in (Table 1).Conclusions: Local trends have been changing and majority of liver abscess were of pyogenic liver abscesses. Clinically, clear differentiation between two types of abscesses is not possible always but few manifestations like typical symptoms, raised alkaline phosphatase and leucocytosis may be helpful.
Clinicopathological spectrum of peripheral lung tumors in resected lung specimens: a single institutional study in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Mateen Duri , Bashir Naheena , Muzamil Ajaz , Chanda Naseema
Published: November 2019

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer and by far the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the world. In Kashmir, in the recent study, Lung carcinoma was found to be second common in males and sixth in females in Kashmir. This study was carried out to study the demography, clinical presentation, risk factors and histopathological pattern of peripheral lung tumours in resected specimens and to evaluate the added advantage of Immunohistochemistry for enhancing the diagnostic accuracy.Methods: It was a five-year study conducted in the Department of Pathology, SKIMS and the cases from June 2009 to April 2012 were analysed retrospectively while the cases from June 2012 to May 2014 were evaluated prospectively. A total of 97 cases with peripheral lung tumor in whom resection was done were studied.Results: Majority of the cases were seen in males (84.53%) in the fifth decade of life. Cough was the most common symptom, present in 58.76% patients. Right lung was involved in majority of the cases, 57.95% and left lung was involved in 42.04 %. Maximum growth size as seen on gross examination was 8 cm and minimum were 1 cms. Most common histopathological subtype was squamous cell carcinoma seen in 64.94% followed by adenocarcinoma seen in 19.58% of the patients. Lymph nodes were involved in 41 cases (52.56%) and were free in 37 patients (47.43%). IHC was done wherever required and was consistent with histopathology.Conclusions: To improve the therapeutic results of lung cancers efforts for early detection and treatment are essential. Timely intervention with the help of surgery, histopathology and immunohistochemistry are hence very helpful.
Body image perception, eating attitude and influence of media among undergraduate students of medical college in Delhi: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sharma Manila , Singh Sunil Kumar , Tiwari Poornima , Chauhan Nitesh
Published: November 2019

Background: Body image perception is being shaped by unrealistic ideals portrayed in the media. Body dissatisfaction is one of the most consistent and robust risk factors for eating disorders, low self-esteem, depression, and obesity. Therefore, the objective of the current study is to ascertain the body image perception, abnormal eating attitudes and the role of media among undergraduate students of a medical college in Delhi, India.Methods: Cross-sectional study on 370 undergraduate medical students of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India selected using stratified random sampling. India. Students completed a self-administered questionnaire which consist of demographic information, perceived body image, Eating Attitudes test (EAT-26) to assess eating attitudes, Socio Cultural Attitude Towards Appearance Questionnaire 3(SATAQ-3) scale for the role of media on body image perception. Data was analyzed using SPSS v21.Results: A total of 370 students (57.6% males and 42.4% females) aged 17-30 years, mean age of 20.30 years±2.02(SD). Abnormal body image perception was seen in 35.4%, 21.1% had abnormal eating attitude (EAT-26≥20), 36.5%, 40.5% agreed to be influenced by models and athletic figures in media respectively, 42.2% accepted that media was their source of information regarding standards of attractiveness, 27.6% felt pressured to be attractive according to SATAQ-3. Males more than females had disordered eating attitudes and felt media pressure to achieve an ideal body image. Significant association was observed between age and perceived body image (p=0.033), gender and EAT-26 score (p=0.039), EAT 26 and perceived body image (p=0.006), general internalization of media and perceived body image (p=0.003), internalization-general, internalization-athlete, media as source of information and EAT-26 score (<0.001, 0.001, 0.003 respectively).Conclusions: The media should take more responsibility to not represent unrealistic ideals of body image concerning both males and females. Educational and preventive efforts at institutional levels should be made to promote a healthy body image and eating behaviours.
Conventional and comprehensive oral hygiene procedures using Chlorhexidine 0.2% in patients with mechanical ventilator
Authors: Fatoni Arie Z. , Jaya Wiwi , Muzzaman Mussalam A. K.
Published: November 2019

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the intensive care unit patients is related to the oropharyngeal bacteria colonization. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of oropharyngeal bacterial colonies after conventional and comprehensive oral hygiene procedures in patients with mechanical ventilators.Methods: This study uses an experimental design on 32 subjects with mechanical ventilators. Conventional group/K group (n=16) used 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate antiseptic conventionally using a sterile gauze while the comprehensive group/L group (n=16) used 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate antiseptic comprehensively using a toothbrush every 12 hours. Bacterial Isolation is done using swab technique. The number of bacterial colonies and bacterial identification before and after oral hygiene procedure was examined. The data were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann Whitney test using SPSS 19.0 software.Results: There was a significant decrease in the number of oropharyngeal bacterial colonies before and after oral hygiene both in the conventional group (p=0.002) and comprehensive group (p=0.002). However, there was no significant difference between the number of bacterial colonies in the two groups before (p=0.269) and after the oral hygiene procedure (p=0.295). The most common bacterium in the conventional and comprehensive group are Enterobacter gergoviae and Escherichia coli, respectively. Klebsiella pneumonia have decreased the most after conventional oral hygiene while Pseudomonas aeruginosa has decreased the most after comprehensive oral hygiene.Conclusions: Conventional and comprehensive oral hygiene significantly reduces the number of oropharyngeal bacterial colonies. Both techniques can be used as oral hygiene techniques with relatively similar results.
Comparison of haemodynamic parameters in two different geriatric age groups undergoing cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Patil Shruti Shrikant , Kotwani Manish , Lele Smita S. , Dhamangaonkar Anoop C.
Published: November 2019

Background: To conduct a prospective observational study to compare the haemodynamic changes in two age groups, group A: 60-75yrs and group B: >75yrs during cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for hip fractures under spinal anaesthesia.Methods: Patients of either sex belonging to above two groups, with no contra-indications for central neuraxial block received spinal anesthesia at lumbar level. Heart Rate (HR), Systolic Blood Pressure(SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure(DBP) and Mean Arterial Pressure(MAP), pulse pressure variability(PPV), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), Electrocardiogram for any changes and nasal  end tidal CO2 (EtCO2) were recorded at the following time points:  baseline(on table), after giving spinal, after giving surgical position, at the start of surgery, at femoral canal reaming, immediately after cement insertion, every 2 minutes after cement insertion, femoral joint reduction and the end of the surgery. Hypotension, bradycardia, arrythmias, desaturation or unexpected loss of consciousness occurring in peri-cementation period suggestive of ‘Bone cement implantation syndrome’(BCIS) or any other adverse event was recognized and treated.Results: The SBP, HR, PPV, ETCO2, SPO2 and incidence of adverse events; were comparable in both the groups. The difference in the DBP and MAP was statistically significant.Conclusions: The difference in the occurrence of haemodynamic alterations was more in the older age group. Continuous vigilant monitoring during bipolar hemiarthroplasty is required.
Variations of physiological parameters in newly detected hypothyroidism
Authors: K. Seethalakshmi , Bahuleyan Biju , Menon Sunil K.
Published: November 2019

Background: Emergence of hypothyroidism as a public health issue apart from a common clinical entity, has gained much attention nowadays. The non-specific features of hypothyroidism lead to incorrect diagnoses, inadequate treatment and complications in the future. The present study was designed to unravel the effects of hypothyroidism on physiological parameters and to highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. This study was done to assess the effects of hypothyroidism on pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in 60 hypothyroid patients of 18-45 years age, both males and females, who were either newly detected or on treatment for less than 6 months. Patients with history of other systemic diseases, pregnancy and hyperthyroidism were excluded. After obtaining written consent from the patients, clinical examination was done.Results: Student t-test and ANOVA were used for analysis. Physiological parameters like pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate had variations in the patients and there were changes with age, gender and BMI even though they were not significant. These changes were attributed to increased arterial wall thickness and endothelial dysfunction in blood vessels.Conclusions: The patients showed changes in cardiovascular and respiratory profiles. The variations in systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significant with increase in age. Physiological parameters had variations with gender and BMI also. This proves the cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity in newly detected hypothyroidism, which emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in them.
Surgical importance of distance from mandibular condyle to carotid canal and foramen spinosum: an anatomical study
Authors: Arumugam Sangeetha , Subbiah Nandha Kumar
Published: November 2019

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the distance from mandibular condyle to internal carotid artery and middle meningeal artery.Methods: In this study 20 skulls obtained from the Department of Anatomy were utilized for the study. The following two parameters were measured using Vernier Caliper (digital). 1. Distance from Mandibular condyle to carotid canal 2. Distance from medial margin of Mandibular condyle to Foramen spinosum. All the measurements were taken thrice to minimize errors. Photograph of the skull base showing the measurements done was captured.Results: A total of 40 sides, 20 right and 20 left sides were studied. The mean distance between medial margin of mandibular condyle to carotid canal was 11.2 mm±0.6 on right side and 11.6mm±0.8 on left side. The mean distance from the medial margin of mandibular condyle to Foramen spinosum (middle meningeal artery) was 9.3 mm±1.1 on right side and 9.8mm±0.9 on left side. Conclusions: The distance between mandibular condyle to Middle meningeal artery is less compared to the distance between Mandibular condyle to carotid artery. The current study concludes that MMA is comparatively at high risk for damage compared to internal carotid artery.
Triple mesh technique in repair of recurrent lumbar incisional hernia
Authors: Parikh Archit Pankaj Kumar , Parikh Parth , Vadodariya Dhaval , Dave Jignesh P. , Bhatt Jatin G.
Published: November 2019

Lumbar hernias occur infrequently and can be congenital, primary (inferior or Petit type, and superior or Grynfeltt type), post-traumatic, or incisional. They are bounded by the 12th rib, the iliac crest, the erector spinae, and the external oblique muscle. Most postoperative incisional hernias occur in nephrectomy or aortic aneurysm repair incisions for which various surgical method in context of meshplasty are available. In this case 60 yr. male hypertensive patient presented to the outpatient clinic of institute with recurrent left side lumbar incisional hernia, patient was previously operated for left side nephrolithiasis 15 years back and onlay meshplasty 2 years back for incisional hernia. The patient was operated under high risk for recurrent incisional hernia repair by triple layered meshplasties in the same sitting. Lumbar incisional hernias are often diffuse with fascial defects that are usually hard to appreciate. Computed tomography scan is the diagnostic modality of choice with adjuvant clinical findings, which allows differentiating them from abdominal wall musculature denervation atrophy complicating flank incisions. Repairing these hernias is difficult due to the surrounding structures for which our surgical approach included a triple mesh repair consisting of underlay, inlay and onlay meshplasty thereby anticipating further such incidences of incisional hernia.
Adult intestinal malrotation: a case report
Authors: Pradiptha Nyoman T. , Wiargitha Ketut
Published: November 2019

Midgut malrotation is an incomplete rotation of the intestine which occurs during foetal development and usually presents in the neonatal period. The bowel is not fixed adequately and is thus held by a precariously narrow-based mesentery. The incidence of malrotation has been estimated at 1 in 6000 live births, it is rare for malrotation to present in adulthood. Author report a 40-year-old man presented to emergency department with generalized abdominal pain. His symptoms began 2 days before admission. The patient really weak and his mental state was somnolence. His abdomen was slightly extended, and intestinal peristalsis was obscure. Abdominal X-rays revealed dilatation of gastric, coiled spring appearance without free air and step ladder pattern. The patient then underwent laparotomy exploration. Upon entering the abdomen, ileum was noted to completely mobilized and founded volvulus segment, a clockwise twisting three times, about 30 cm proximal from ICJ, and soon author released it. The ligament of Treitz misplaced, there was in the right lower quadrant, close by ICJ. Then about 110 cm segment of ileum necrotic, the rest of the small bowel was normal, author found internal hernia in the right lower quadrant and there was Ladd's band. Clinicians should be aware of this serious cause of abdominal pain. The diagnosis of malrotation in adulthood is often delayed. Complete resolution of acute obstruction or chronic abdominal pain is the result of a high index of suspicion for malrotation, appropriate diagnostic studies, and aggressive treatment.
Environmental cadmium exposure: a possible factor in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Nwobi Nnenna L. , Owolabi Joshua O. , Sotunsa John O. , Nwobi Joseph C. , Abiodun Razaq A. , Anetor John I.
Published: November 2019

Cadmium is a toxic metal, an environmental contaminant and a multi-organ poison which has been implicated in the derangement of a number of biological and molecular systems. Exposure to cadmium is a serious global health threat particularly in developing countries and pregnant women are at great risk, This is because they have increased gastrointestinal absorption and retention of cadmium and the tendency for increased risk of complications owing to its toxic effects. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by the development of onset of hypertension and significant proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation or during labour and/or within 48 hours of delivery. This pregnancy-specific syndrome is a leading cause of maternal death particularly in developing countries. Several reports have provided evidence of remote association between preeclampsia and cadmium but the mechanism of the involment of this toxic metal in this disease is still surrounded with uncertainty. Some possible mechanistic pathways such as induction of oxidative stress, acting as an antimetabolite to zinc and deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms have been elucidated in this article may be interconnected, work synergistically or act independently. However, pertinent to understand them in a bid to possibly prevent the disease or forestall its devastating consequences. Environmental cadmium exposure may be considered a factor that merits further serious attention in the continuous search for the precise an etiology of preeclampsia particularly in developing countries that experience uncontrolled cadmium release into the environment.
Knowledge, attitude and practice related to eye donation among donor’s and recipients’ family in Ahmedabad: a cross sectional study
Authors: Patel Pritesh G. , Brahme Keyur M. , Shringarpure Kalpita S. , Bhatt Rajshree
Published: November 2019

Background: India shoulders the largest global burden of blindness. Despite all the advances of science, there is no artificial substitute invented so far to replace human cornea. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about eye donation among the eye donors’ and recipient’s family.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from January 2011 to December 2011 in Ahmedabad city, Gujarat. Eighty-one eye donors and 127 eye recipients using pre-designed and pre-tested proforma was finalized to collect the information from the participants either by home visit (in city) or by telephonic or e-mail interview. Data was entered and analyzed in MS Excel 2007 and Epi info7 software. Knowledge, attitude and practice were expressed as proportions.Results: A total of 81 eye donors and 127 eye recipient’s relatives were interviewed. Doctor or hospital was the most common source of knowledge regarding eye donation for both eye donors (68, 83.95%) and eye recipients (113, 88.97%). In this study 11 (13.58%) eye donors and 4 (3.15%) eye recipients were regular blood donors showing their positive attitude. Only nine (11.11%) donations were done by either donor’s personal will or by already pledging. Among our participants 68 (83.95%) family members had closed the eye lids of the donor after death, 39 (48.15%) had switched off fan of the room after death.Conclusions:Relatives of eye donors and eye recipients are willing to pledge for eye donation after death. Media and medical person was the mainstay in imparting knowledge to the participants. The relative of the donors are well versed with various aspect of preserving eyes after the death of donor compared to those recipients.
The effect of Aloe vera compress on the plebitis degrees due to intravena therapy in children
Authors: Irman Veolina , Fernando Fenny
Published: November 2019

Background: Intravenous therapy is a kind of therapy which is often given to children patients. The use of intravenous in a long time will cause phlebitis. Non pharmacology action to cure phlebitis is by applying aloe vera compress on it. Aloe vera is useful because it has low electrolyte concentrate, so it will not cause extravation. This research aims to learn the effect of giving aloe vera to phlebitis children.Methods: The research method is using Quasi experiment with randomized control group pre-test and post-test design. The sample of the research is 30 phlebitis children who are taken randomly. The sample is divided into two groups; 15 phlebitis children are cured with aloe vera compress, and the other 15 are cured by using pure aloe vera. The treatment is done 3 times a day for two days. Phlebitis degree is measured by using phlebitis scale infusion nurse society (INS) before and after interruption.Results: his research finds that the average degree before the act is 3 with minimum-maximum score 1-4. The degree of phlebitis after the act becomes 2 with minimum-maximum score 1-3. Aloe Vera is effective for lowering the degree of children phlebitis with p=0.0000. The test used Mann-Whitney.Conclusions: Aloe vera compress is effective in reducing the degree of phlebitis.
Adolescent smoking behaviour determinants in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Marsiana , Sofiana Liena , Ayu Suci Musvita , Gustina Erni , Khoeriyah Inganatul
Published: November 2019

Background: The increasing number of smokers has an impact on increasing the number of deaths due to smoking-related illnesses. Teenagers are the easiest targets for cigarette marketing, including in the city of Yogyakarta, whose numbers continue to increase. The proper investigation needs to be carried out to determine the determinants that play a role in developing effective interventions to reduce the number of teenage smokers. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of smoking in adolescents in The City of Yogyakarta.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with senior high school/vocational students’ samples. The sampling technique uses multistage random cluster sampling with Chi-Square analysis.Results: Researchers collected 481 respondents. Variables significantly associated with smoking behavior of senior high school/vocational high school students in Yogyakarta City are knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, family’s role, and peer’s role, while the unrelated variables are teacher’s role and information sources. The RP value of these variables is more than 1, which shows the seven variables are risk factors for adolescent smoking behavior.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, self-confidence, the role of family, the role of peers and the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The role of the teacher and the source of information has no significant relationship with the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The intervention program for reducing and preventing smoking must pay attention to these variables as a determining factor.
Tobacco use patterns among women in reproductive age group: a cross sectional study in the rural area of Belgaum district, Karnataka, South India
Authors: Kulkarni Namratha , Havaldar Pavan P. , Naik Vijiya A.
Published: November 2019

Background: Tobacco imposes a colossal burden of disease and death leading to catastrophic health, social, economic, and environmental effects. “Tobacco” kills both men and women but sex-specific differences exist. Traditional forms of tobacco like dentifrice or tobacco tooth powder and betel quid, tobacco and lime mixture are commonly used and also, the new products use is increasing not only among men but even among children, teenagers, women of reproductive age. This study was done to know the patterns and other correlates of tobacco use among the rural women in the reproductive age group.Methods: A community based cross sectional study, conducted from January 2011 to December 2011 among 1200 rural women aged between 15 years to 49 years residing in primary health centre, Vantmuri area, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. Statistical analysis was done using rates, ratios and chi-square tests.Results: Tobacco consumption was seen in 9.7% of the study participants. A very high percentage of 79 (67.5%) had more than 10 years of exposure to tobacco amongst the users. Dentifrice was the most common form of tobacco used (85.5%) followed by 32 (27.4%) plain tobacco consumption. However, 49 (4.1%) consumed multiple forms of tobacco, most common being dentifrice along with plain tobacco or paan with beetelquid or used snuff.Conclusions: The distribution of tobacco consumption is likely to maintain, and perhaps increase, the current considerable socioeconomic differentials in health in India. Dual users are at much higher health risks than those who consume the individual tobacco product. It also emphasizes the variations in patterns of using tobacco among rural women. There is a need for periodical surveys using more consistent definitions of tobacco use and eliciting information on different types of tobacco consumed.
Investigation of an outbreak of suspected food poisoning in a school
Authors: Pande Bhanupriya S. , Chavan Yuvaraj B.
Published: November 2019

Background: An outbreak investigation for food poisoning in a school of rural Maharashtra was carried out. This school had central kitchen for children staying at hostel. During monsoon season occurrence of acute gastroenteritis diseases is common and hence it important to investigate each and every suspected outbreak presenting with similar symptoms to that of acute gastroenteritis.Methods: It was a retrospective and prospective study design. All 140 children who ate food from central kitchen were interviewed and followed up. Median incubation period was obtained from the 12 children who fitted into case definition which was given by integrated diseases control program of Maharashtra. Environmental and food sampling along with laboratory investigations was done for diagnosis.Results: Total 12 children had symptoms of food poisoning. The median incubation period was around 8 hours. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the commonest reported by all the 12 children. It was found out that all the symptomatic children had eaten laddu brought from outside and stored in unhygienic conditions.Conclusions: Eating of laddu which were stored in unhygienic conditions had resulted into growth of Clostridia streptofaecalis in it causing food poisoning to children.
Referral pattern of pregnant women coming to Cheluvamba Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka
Authors: Jagadeesha Bharath , Ramakrishna Veenashree Keragodu
Published: November 2019

Background: Maternal morbidity and mortality remains a major challenge. At present pregnant women can visit any level of health care irrespective of severity of their health condition. Most of the burden of these pregnant women is on tertiary centers, hence depriving the seriously ill of the expert care. Most of the pregnancies can be managed at primary level itself. This study was therefore conducted in order to describe the referral pattern of pregnant women coming to Cheluvamba Hospital, Mysuru.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted during September 2018 with sample size of 100. All the pregnant women who were referred in the second week of September 2018 were included in the study without using any sampling technique and data was collected by interview using the semistructured questionnaire.Results: Mean distance travelled by study participants from their residence to Cheluvamba hospital was 42.1±29.8 kilometers. Main obstetric and logistic reason for referral was because of hypertensive disorders and non-availability of doctors respectively. Average number of ANC visits and mean gestational age upon arrival at Cheluvamba hospital was 6.71±2.3 visits and 37.4±3.6 weeks respectively.Conclusions: Most common obstetric reason for referral was hypertensive disorders. A structured referral system would help both the patient and the doctor in providing necessary obstetric care.