bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Cohort Study for Expansion of Lateral Recess and Facet Joint Injury after Biportal Endoscopic Ipsilateral Decompression and Contralateral Decompression
Authors: Yeung Yip-kan , Park Cheol-woong , Jun Su Gi , Park Jung-hoon , Tse Andy Choi-yeung
Published: November 2021

Study Design: This was a retrospective longitudinal study of patients operated on consecutively in a single center from May to October 2019.Purpose: The aim in biportal interlaminar endoscopic decompression surgery for lumbar stenosis is to compare the clinical and radiological outcome of lateral recess decompression and facet preservation, employing ipsilateral (IL) versus contralateral (CL) approaches.Overview of Literature: There is scant literature comparing the radiological outcome of lateral recess decompression and facet preservation via IL versus CL approaches in patients undergoing biportal interlaminar endoscopic decompression surgery.Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 37 IL and 34 CL approaches. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the segment involved was carried out on the same day as the operation for comparison with preoperative imaging. Radiological assessments of recess angle, recess height, facet length, and recess dural sac diameters were compared. In addition, pre- and postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores for the lower limb were analyzed.Results: For IL versus CL approaches, we observed statistical differences in the postoperative recess angle (36.0° vs. 43.7°), recess height (4.27 vs. 5.06 mm), and the dural sac expansion ratio for recess diameter (1.54 vs. 2.17). There was better preservation of facet length in the CL approach than in the IL approach (91.9% vs. 83.7%). There was no difference in VAS improvement between the groups (69.3% vs. 63.6%).Conclusions: Unilateral biportal decompression via the CL interlaminar approach may offer better lateral recess clearance and facet preservation than can be achieved via the IL approach. Larger-scale studies are needed for better delineation and for correlation of radiological features with clinical manifestations.
PECULIARITIES OF PREGNANCY COURSE, CHILDBIRTH, AND MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF PLACENTA IN WOMEN WITH INTRAUTERINE FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION
Authors: Hromova A.M. , Berezhna V.A. , Liakhovska T.Yu. , Ketova O.M. , Shafarchuk V.M.
Published: November 2021

Fetal growth retardation is a severe obstetric pathology that is accompanied by significant reproductive losses and the cost of treating newborns. The aim of the study is to investigate the clinical difference between the course of pregnancy, childbirth, and morphofunctional state of the placenta in women who gave birth to children with low birth weight before gestational age and normal anthropometric parameters. Materials and methods. The study included 37 women; the individuals of the main group gave birth to a child with low birth weight before gestational age (n = 25), the comparison group consisted of women who had uneventful pregnancy and children born with normal anthropometric parameters (n = 12) . Results and discussion. Pregnancy and childbirth in the main group were registered mostly within the age range of 30 and 39, burdened with bad habits, accompanied by somatic and obstetric pathology. The predominant mode of preterm delivery in most of the main group was cesarean section caused by fetal distress in contrast to women in the comparison group. Analysis of the morphofunctional state of the placenta from the women in the main groups revealed both general structural-adaptive and structural-morphological changes that indicated compensatory hyperplasia of placental tissue in women with foetal intrauterine growth retardation that is characteristic of the compensated stage of chronic placental insufficiency. Conclusion. The multicomponent impact of various factors may contribute to an increased risk of fetal growth retardation and its progression, so timely correction of risk factors will help to improve the management of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.
HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ASPECTS OF STRUCTURE OF AORTIC WALL AND ITS HEMOMICROCIRCULATORY BED IN LATE STAGES OF EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Tsitovskyi M.N. , Logash M.V. , Savka I.I.
Published: November 2021

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus occupy a significant niche in the structure of diseases with high disability and mortality impact and pose major healthcare and social issues. It should be stressed that 50-80% of fatal cases in patients with diabetes are associated with cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the histostructural characteristics and to perform morphometric analysis of the components of the aortic wall and its hemomicrocirculatory bed of the aorta in 6 and 8 weeks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. The material for the histological study included the sections of the wall of the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, and the descending aorta taken from 26 sexually mature white male rats weighing 100 - 160 g. For morphometric examination, a series of photos of the aortic wall was taken using a Meiji MT4300 LED microscope with an x40 objective, x10 ocular. The measurements were carried out using the Image J software. The development of micro - and macroangiopathies in experimental animals with 8-week streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was histologically confirmed. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in all morphometric parameters of the components of the aortic wall and the vessels of its hemomicrocirculatory bed after 8 weeks of experimental diabetes as compared with the normal values, control values, and in values obtained at the 6-week period of the experiment. The study has demonstrated clear dependence between the severity of destructive changes in the aortic wall and sections of its hemomicrocirculatory bed and the duration of the experiment.
ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AND PECULIATIRIES OF THEIR APPLICATION IN FUTURE DOCTORS TRAINING COURSE
Authors: Sukhonosov R.O. , Lopushniak L.Ya. , Harkusha M.A. , Karpiak T.F. , Kulish S.A. , Boichuk O.M.
Published: November 2021

One of the most important tasks of education reform in Ukraine is to foster creative individuals prepared to meet the social demands at both the national and international. The introduction of a competence-based approach to modern higher education and the formation of professional competence of future professionals is the best indicator of the quality of education received. Today’s demands for higher education institutions are to reach a qualitatively new level of presentation of educational material, apart from traditional, widely used modern pedagogical technologies. The aim of this study is to analyze the psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature and to identify the essential characteristics of pedagogical technologies. Material and methods. The study implies the analysis of psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature, the materials of educational and methodical conferences, methodological work of the department. To achieve the goal, clarifying the essence and peculiarities of the use of modern pedagogical technologies in the educational process theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, systematization, pedagogical modelling, theoretical prediction) are used.

The rank of an educational institution is determined by the quality of the innovative technologies it uses effectively. For the development of higher medical education it is advisable to implement and integrate into the educational process all the above described pedagogical technologies, and the effectiveness of their use depends on the interaction of factors that support the educational process: competent teachers who are highly skilled in pedagogical technologies and constantly improve their professional level; motivation and sufficient level of basic training of future teachers; The main goal of the project is to develop the educational process and to improve the quality of teaching and learning; to actively implement modern educational technologies; to effectively integrate all known types and levels of educational technologies.

The use of modern pedagogical technologies in professional training of future physicians contributes to the formation of professional competence of the students by developing the skills of self-study and scientific and investigative work, inter-industry communication, teamwork, analysis and synthesis, creativity, ability to cooperate with specialists of other specialties, to solve problems and make decisions, etc.
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF PERIODONTAL TISSUES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS CLASS II
Authors: Vasko M.Yu. , Tkachenko I.M. , Kovalenko V.V. , Pavlenkova O.V. , Pavlenko S.A.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissue are one of the most prevalent worldwide. This pathology has a complex aetiology and ambiguous views on pathogenetic mechanisms; therefore, the approach to the assessment of periodontitis should be integrated. The aim of the study was to assess the state of periodontal tissues in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis class II and absent or compensated somatic pathology. Materials and methods. We examined 20 patients aged 35 to 45 years having a diagnosis of chronic generalized periodontitis class II who had no somatic pathologies or compensated somatic pathology. The patients underwent the assessment of their hygienic, gingival and periodontal indices, measuring the depth of periodontal pockets, the level of the gingival margin, loss of clinical attachment and bleeding during probing. Results. The average value of the Green-Vermillion hygienic index among the study group was 2.16, the papillary-marginal-alveolar index was 56%, and the periodontal Russell index was 3.4scores. The mean value of the depth of periodontal pockets was 3.75, and the loss of clinical attachment was 4.12. The average index of Müllemann's bleeding gums in the surveyed was 4.1. Conclusions. Аn integrated approach to assessing the state of periodontal tissues contributes to a better understanding of the epidemiology, characteristics of the course and predicting the consequences of chronic generalized periodontitis class II.
Road Traffic Accidents Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jha Rohan , Pathak Priya , Koirala Pallavi , Maharjan Bishwash , Panthi Srijana
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Road Traffic Accidents have emerged as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The burden of road traffic accidents has escalated gradually in Nepal and is a common cause of injury and trauma. The study aims to identify the prevalence of road traffic accidents in the emergency department.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital records of cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care hospital between March to August, 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the ethical review board of College of Medical Sciences (reference number: 2020-035). Information was collected through pro-forma and hospital records. Convenience sampling was done. The data were entered in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 24 and analysed using descriptive statistics. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Among 4050 cases presenting to the emergency department, 228 (5.6%) (4.9-6.3 at 95% Confidence Interval) cases of road traffic accidents were seen. The most common injuries involved were soft tissue injury 90 (39.47%) and head injury 77 (33.77%). Most patients admitted to the hospital were male 178 (78.07%) aged 21 to 30 years 79 (41.38%). The vehicles mostly involved in the accidents were motorized two-wheelers 120 (50.6%) and pedestrians 51 (22.4%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of road traffic accidents was similar to the findings from similar studies. Strengthening the capacities of the pre-hospital care and emergency department is necessary along with preventive intervention in public to reduce such health burden.
Adenolipoma of the Breast: A Case Report
Authors: Karki Samriddhi , Shrestha Agya , Shrestha Bipin
Published: November 2021

Adenolipoma of the breast is a rare tumor classified as a hamartomatous lesion. It is a well-circumscribed lesion composed of adipocytes and other breast tissues. The characteristic feature is a well-circumscribed mass containing radiolucent fat admixed with dense fibrous connective tissue surrounded by a thin radiopaque pseudo capsule. Microscopically, there is a mixture of ducts and lobules with adipose tissue. Ductal hyperplasia, adenosis, calcification, and apocrine metaplasia may occur within the hamartoma. These are rarely associated with malignancies and excision is considered curative. If these lesions are not detected clinically or radiologically, these remain unrecognized. Awareness of this poorly recognized benign entity would help avoid an incorrect diagnosis and unnecessary intervention. Here we present a case of a 35-year-old female diagnosed histologically as adenolipoma of the breast.
Abnormal Ultrasonographic Findings among Referred Patients with Pain Abdomen in the Radiology Department of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mulmi Smriti , Vaidya Shrestha Marina , Pradhan Sanjeev
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Correct and prompt diagnosis is essential for the appropriate management of patients. Often, children and their caretakers cannot provide a reliable history to allow clinicians to determine the cause of the pain. This study's objective was to find out the prevalence of abnormal ultrasonographic findings among referred patients with pain abdomen in the radiology department of a tertiary care center of Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients in the out-patient and emergency department with complaints of abdominal pain from 2021 April 5 to August 30 in a tertiary care hospital. Ethical clearance was taken from IRC (registration no: 423/2021). The convenience sampling method was used. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Collected data were entered and analyzed on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data.
Results: Among 250 patients with pain abdomen referred to the department of radiology, 169 (67.6%) (61.80-73.40 at 95% Confidence Interval) had abnormal ultrasonographic findings. Mean age of the patients was 39.4±17.9 years. Initial clinical diagnosis was in agreement with the abdominal ultrasound diagnosis in 57 (22.8%) patients. For the remaining 193 patients, the diagnosis obtained from abdominal ultrasound differed from the initial clinical diagnosis.
Conclusions: Most of the cases of pain abdomen showed abnormalities in ultrasound. Clinical evaluation should be used together with ultrasound abdomen in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis.
Macrophage Activation Syndrome secondary to Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case Report
Authors: Kafle Rishikesh , Bhatta Anwesh , Gami Sumit , Sapkota Abhin , Sharma Dipesh , Yadav Arabindra , Chikanbanjar Vijaya Kumar
Published: November 2021

Macrophage activation syndrome is a rare but a life threatening condition commonly associated with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Its clinical presentation includes fever, hepatosplenomegaly, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia, hyperferritinemia and impaired liver enzymes. The symptoms are alarming yet non-specific and often lead to a delayed diagnosis. A 12 year male presented with a history of intermittent fever and was started on antibiotics but failed to respond after several days of hospital stay. After a series of investigations to rule out multiple diagnoses he was diagnosed as a case of Macrophage Activation Syndrome secondary to Systemic onset Juvenile Arthritis and was treated with steroids.
Drug-drug Interactions between Hypoglycemic and Non-hypoglycemic Medication in Diabetic Patients with Comorbidities in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ratna Tuladhar Lujaw , Lal Shrestha Shirish , Bimali Sneha , Bhusal Srijana , Khadka Pingala
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Drug-drug interaction is one of the causes of adverse drug reactions. Generally, drug-drug interaction is common in multidrug therapy. Diabetic patients, particularly due to associated comorbidities tend to have various drug-drug interactions due to the effect of multiple drugs. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of drug-drug interactions in diabetic patients.
Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted among previously diagnosed diabetic patients visiting the outpatient department of medicine at a tertiary care hospital between March 2021 and August 2021. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee (Ref no: 030-076/077). Data was collected from diabetic patients presenting to the outpatient department of medicine using a preformed self-constructed questionnaire. Convenient sampling was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: The prevalence of drug-drug interaction between hypoglycemic and non-hypoglycemic medication was 56 (44.1%) (35.5-52.7 at 95% Confidence Interval) of the patients out of which at least one drug-drug interaction was seen in 48 (37.8%) of the patients.
Conclusions: Our study showed the prevalence of drug-drug interactions in diabetic patients to be higher than other studies done in similar settings. Based on the severity, we observed two types of drug-drug interactions; close monitoring drug-drug interactions and minor drug-drug interactions.
PENGARUH “ROA” DAN “DER” TERHADAP DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO (DPR) PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR INDUSTRI DASAR DAN KIMIA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Perpatih Zuhafni ST
Published: November 2021

Penelitianini bertujuanuntukmengetahui:1) PengaruhReturn On Assets (ROA) terhadapDividend Payout Ratio (DPR), 2)PengaruhDebt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadapDividend Payout Ratio(DPR), 3) PengaruhReturn On Assets (ROA) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadapDividend Payout Ratio (DPR) pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011 s/d 2014.Pengambilansampelmenggunakanmetoda purposive samplingdenganmenggunakan kriteria tertentu. Sampelpenelitiansebanyak 17 perusahaan. Hasilpenelitianmenemukan: 1)Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikanReturn On Assets (ROA) terhadap Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR),2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikanDebt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadapDividend Payout Ratio (DPR),3) Terdapat pengaruh yangsignifikanReturn On Assets (ROA) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadapDividendPayout Ratio (DPR) pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.Koefisiendeterminasiuntukvariablebebasnyadilihatdariangka R Square adalah 0,645. Hal iniberarti 64,5% variasidariDividend Payout Ratio (DPR) dijelaskanolehvariasidarikeduavariableindependenReturn On Assets (ROA) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER).

Kata Kunci:ROA, DERdan Dividend Payout Ratio
Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Estimation from Electrocardiogram and Photoplethysmography Based on VGG19-LSTM Network
Authors: Pu Yanan , Xie Xiaoxue , Xiong Ling , Zhang Heng
Published: November 2021

In recent years, studies have found that the hierarchical neural network with LSTM network has higher accuracy than another feature engineering. Therefore, this paper first tries to build a multi-stage blood pressure estimation model through VGG19 and LSTM network. Based on the time node of the R wave peak in the QRS waveform in ECG, VGG19 is used to extract various higher-dimensional and rich life characteristics in the PPG signal segment by heartbeat as the unit and focus on processing the dynamics of SBP and DBP Correlation, finally use the LSTM model to extract the time dependence of the vital signs. Results: Experiments show that compared with similar multi-stage models, this model has higher accuracy. The performance of this method meets the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) standard and reaches the A level of the British Hypertension Society (BHS) standard. The average error and standard deviation of the estimated value of SBP were 1.7350 4.9606 mmHg, and the average error and standard deviation of the estimated value of DBP were 0.7839 2.7700 mmHg, respectively.
Automatic Generalization of Residential Areas Based on “Paradigm” Theory and Big Data
Authors: Duo Tianlin , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2021

“Paradigm” theory is an important ideological and practical tool for scientific research. The research means and methods of Geographic Information Science follow the laws of four paradigms. Automatic cartographic generalization is not only the key link of map making, but also a recognized difficult and hot issue. Based on large-scale map data and deep learning technology, an automatic cartographic generalization problem-solving model is proposed in this paper. According to the key and difficult problems faced by residential area selection and simplification, residential area selection models and simplification models based on big data and deep learning are constructed respectively, which provides new ideas and schemes to solve the key and difficult problems of residential area selection and simplification.
A Proposed Design of Campus IP Network for Duhok University Using OPNET
Authors: Zuhair Yousif Raghad , Ghay Ismaeel Ayad
Published: November 2021

Duhok University has two main campuses. The first is the Malta campus located at the western part of the city and consists of seven colleges. The second one is the Duhok center which is located in the city center, it comprises six colleges in addition to the university chancellor office. This research paper proposes a network design for Duhok University to enable student and academic staff exchanges their academic and administrative information efficiently. The proposed IP Network design is made of three layers of which the core layer consists of two Cisco SONET 12012 which is connected by dual links. One of the SONETs is assigned to the Malta Campus and the other to Duhok center campus. The minimum spanning tree is calculated for the proposed IP network by using real distances between university colleges. At the distribution layer, a hierarchical topology is used to connect the college campus to its nearest main campus. The network is attached to the two main FTP and HTTP servers. The data stream of each college is forwarded to Cisco router 4700. The user layer in each department is implemented using star topology through a Cisco switch 2924. Mobility access is added to the proposed design to support wireless devices. The design is implemented using OPNET 14.5 modular. Network performance and server's quality are tested by calculating (packet/second), delays, traffic send, traffic receives utility, and throughput in case of heavy load the network performance and server's quality. The results show that the proposed Duhok University IP network fulfills the network requirements and future expansion
Qui châtie bien. Mauvais traitements envers les enfants et contexte culturel
Authors: Knüsel René , Brodard Fabrice
Published: November 2021

S’il est beaucoup question de maltraitance envers les enfants depuis quelques années, les différences culturelles dans le comportement des adultes à leur égard ont peu été approfondies. Cet ouvrage cherche à combler cette lacune par une approche multidisciplinaire, accueillant les points de vue de chercheur·e·s comme de praticie·ne·s. Une autre originalité du livre est de donner la parole à des spécialistes établis en Afrique comme en Europe, offrant une large perspective sur la manière d’aborder la question. La confrontation culturelle dans le comportement à l’égard des enfants est considérable, puisque même à l’intérieur d’un pays aussi petit que la Suisse, les pratiques familiales, celles des services spécialisés, et plus globalement les sensibilités diffèrent beaucoup d’une région à l’autre. Au fil des articles, un certain nombre de constantes se font jour autour des mauvais traitements envers les enfants. Mais l’adéquation dans la manière de se comporter varie dans le temps comme dans l’espace. Ce qui était toléré hier ne l’est plus forcément aujourd’hui. Ce que l’on dénonce ailleurs, comme le travail forcé, était une pratique courant sous nos latitudes jusqu’à la moitié du XXe siècle. La lecture de ces pages intéressera toutes les personnes concernées par des modes d’éducation et de comportement différents, au sein d’un même État ou entre pays.
Variasi Sapaan Ragam Akrab dan Ragam Santai Masyarakat Melayu Jambi dalam Komunikasi Verbal (Kajian Sosiolinguistik)
Authors: Rahima Ade
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research is to describe the familiar and relaxed variety of speech greetings in the Malay community of Jambi. The focus of the research is related to 3 things, namely: 1) the forms of various forms of addressing familiar and casual types of discourse, 2) the factors behind the variations in addressing variations in various discourses, and 3) sentence patterns that contain variations in addressing familiar and casual types of discourse. in the verbal communication of the Jambi Malay community. This research is a qualitative research with a sociolinguistic approach. Field data collection uses ethnographic methods. Ethnographic techniques used include participatory observation, in-depth interviews, introspection, and domine analysis. Primary data comes from 8 informants and secondary data comes from documents. Data were analyzed based on socio-cultural and situational factors. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that: 1) The forms of variation of greetings in the verbal communication of the Jambi Malay community are in the familiar and casual types. Forms of greeting used include pangilan kesanyangan, name abbreviations, intimate calls and special calls outside the language. This variation is found in verbal communication between family members whether they are older, the same age, or less. The variety of friendly and casual types of greetings outside of family relationships occurs in close friends or close friends, usually using special calls. 2) The factors that cause the use of familiar and casual types of greetings in verbal communication are determined by the factor of the proximity of the speaker and speaker relationship, the situation of speech and the topic of speech 4) The sentence pattern of the familiar variety tends to be Subject-Predicate (SP) while the casual variety Object (PO).
Determining the impact of Ukraine’s energy strategy on the efficiency of enterprise management
Authors: Tymoshenko T. , Fidrya V.
Published: November 2021

The paper is devoted to the determination of the impact of Ukraine's energy strategy on the efficiency of enterprise management on the example of DTEK, which is one of the key participants in the energy market of Ukraine. Despite the country's constant attention to energy security, the country remains vulnerable to external and internal threats and challenges. That is why the investigation of problems and perspectives of energy market development, as well as the efficiency of its enterprises are extremely important at present. The paper has the applied nature, the research is based on current data of recent years. In particular, the paper presents production volumes, dynamics of export-import and electricity consumption in Ukraine in 2020–2021. The energy market of Ukraine is investigated in detail and the key features of its development are determined. It is determined that the main consumers of electricity in Ukraine are large industrial enterprises and the population. The structure and key participants of management and regulation in the energy sector of Ukraine are revealed in this paper. The state regulation of the electricity market in Ukraine is analyzed, the forms of state aid, benefits and subsidy programs operating in the energy sector are characterized. The main goals of «Energy Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2035» project are highlighted and compared with previous programs and plans. It is established that the target parameters of the country's energy strategy should be formed on the basis of energy balance, that is a system of indicators that characterize the resources, production, supply and use of all fuels and energy. To analyze the impact of the country's energy strategy on the efficiency of enterprise management, key financial indicators for the period 2017–2019 of DTEK energy company, including: income, expenses, cost of sales, margin, net profit, assets, investments, paid taxes and others are analyzed. Achievments of the goals of Ukraine's energy strategy in the long-term perspective will contribute to the reduction of dependence on energy imports, overcoming the crisis in economy and increase of the country economic potential as a whole.
Clusterization of post-communist countries of the Central and Eastern Europe by income inequality level
Authors: Cherkashyna T.
Published: November 2021

Using level of income inequality, the clustering of post-communist countries of the Central and Eastern Europe is carried out by the following indicators: Gini index, share in the national income of the second quintile group, share in the national income of the third quintile group, share in the national income of the fourth quintile group, share in the national income of 10% of the poorest, share in the national income of 20% of the richest.,Сluster analysis (k-means method), in the programming environment Statistica is used as analysis tool and five clusters are obtained. The first cluster includes 8 countries (Albania, Hungary, Poland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Сroatia, Russia, Slovakia) is characterized by sufficiently low level of income inequality and can be explained by flow of foreign investment and business transnationalization contributing to the increase of incomes of the main population groups of these countries. The second cluster includes 4 countries (Belarus, Slovenia, Ukraine, Moldova) and is characterized by comparatively low level of income inequality, but high level of property inequality due to heredity, аccumulated wealth та concentration of physical and financial capital by so called «oligarchic clans». The third cluster includes 5 countries (Bulgaria, Montenegro, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia) and is characterized by medium level of income inequality. The fourth and fifth clusters include so called «Baltic tigers» (Latvia, Lihuania, Estonia) and is characterized by high level of income inequality as the result of the occurrence of «excess profits» of financial assets owners. In order to decrease the income inequality in the investigated countries, the following measures are proposed: for the countries of the first cluster to accelerate deconcentration of capital ownership by «spaying» (redemption) of privatized enterprises shares by all categories on preferential terms (so called «ESOP programs»); for the countries of the second cluster to implement progressive tax scale where the tax rate for different groups of population vary depending on the income received and citizens with the lowest incomes (at the level of subsistence minimum or minimum wage) do not pay individual taxes at all; for the countries of the third cluster to cope with «shadow» economy and informal unemployment; for the counties of the fourth and fifth clusters to decrease tax burden on private entrepreneurs and thus stimulate self-employment.
Cross-cultural aspects of business negotiations
Authors: Varlamova M.
Published: November 2021

The features of conducting business negotiations with foreign partners, taking into account the influence of cultural factors are investigated in this paper. The systematization of approaches to understanding business negotiations is performed and it is determined that business negotiations are bilateral or multilateral processes of communication, as a result of which a joint decision concerning business interests realization is made. Scientific approaches to the cultures grouping by certain features, particularly, E. Hall, G. Hofstede and R. Lewis, Florence Clachon and Fred Strodbeck, D. Pinto, R. Gesteland, F. Trompenaars and C. Hampden-Turner are considered. Analysis of the manifestation of certain cultural features in relation to the representatives of the countries with which Ukraine currently has the most developed trade and economic relations is carried out. Accordingly, the probability of the need to negotiate the foreign economic activity implementation is rather high. The following countries are selected among them according to 2020 statistics: China, Poland, India, Spain, Italy, Russia, Belarus, Egypt, the Netherlands, Germany, Romania, Turkey, Hungary, USA, Belgium, Israel, Indonesia, Iraq, Moldova, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, France and the Czech Republic. Using Hert Hofstede's approach and his theory of cultural dimensions for the listed countries, the indicators characterizing the manifestation of the distance of power, individualism, masculinity, avoidance of uncertainty, long-term orientation and indulgence are analyzed. The countries which cultures are the closest to Ukraine’s one are identified according to the above mentioned methodology, and, consequently, the construction of communications with their representatives is more understandable and is characterized by lower probability of misunderstandings due to cultural factors. For other countries the cultural features similar and different from Ukraine ones are defined. Taking into account these features, recommendations for planning and conducting business negotiations with representatives of other countries, aimed at increasing the benefits and opportunities for Ukraine in the process of making joint decisions with partners are given.
Avointen yliopisto-opintojen keskeyttämisen monet merkitykset
Authors: Halttunen Nina , Tuomisto Hanna
Published: November 2021

Avoimen yliopiston opintojen keskeyttämisellä on monia merkityksiä. Keskeyttäminen saattaa olla epämiellyttävää koulutusta järjestävälle organisaatiolle, mutta yksilön itsensä näkökulmasta sama keskeytys voi olla seuraus hyvästä elämänhallinnasta. Opintonsa keskeyttäjät ovat keskenään erilaisia ja niin muodoin ovat myös keskeyttämiseen vaikuttavat syyt.
Kieli on valtaa fuusioissa(kin)
Authors: Tienari Janne , Vaara Eero
Published: November 2021

Fuusiot yli kansallisten ja kielellisten rajojen ovat jo arkipäiväiseksi käynyttä uutisantia. Ratkaisuja ja niiden julkistamista tuntuvat säätelevän pörssin säälimättömät lait. Mutta miten käy siinä vauhdissa pitkäjänteisen, henkilöstön osaamisen kehittämiseen perustuvan ajattelun? Kieli on nimittäin enemmän kuin kommunikaation väline.
Kirjoitus perustuu työpaperiin Language as Power in Postmerger lntegration: The Case of Merita-Nordbanken (Eero Vaara, Janne Tienari, Risto Säntti ja Rebecca Marschan-Piekkari), joka esitettiin konferenssissa 26th Annual Conference of the European International Business Academy (EIBA), Maastricht, Alankomaat, 10.–12.12.2000.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM MAGANG BERBASIS WEB PADA DINAS TENAGA KERJA DAN TRANSMIGRASI PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Hariyanto Bambang
Published: November 2021

Magang adalah bagian dari sistem  pelatihan  kerja  yang  diselenggarakan  secara  terpadu  di indonesia dan di luar negeri oleh  lembaga pelatihan  kerja  perusaahaan dan instansi pemerintah atau lembaga pendidikan  di bawah bimbingan pengawasan  instruktur  dan  pekerja yang lebih berpengalaman dalam rangka menguasai keahlian tertentu. Pemanfaatan teknologi yang dikembangkan meggunakan website mampu mempermudah proses penyampaian informasi bagi pengguna secara mudah dan cepat yang dapat terkoneksi menggunakan internet. Karena lebih mudah pengoperasianya serta sifatnya yang fleksibel menjadi faktor utama dikembangkanya aplikasi sistem informasi pemagangan ke jepang berbasis web untuk mempermudah dalam perekrutan pemagangan ke jepang dan memperoleh informasi terkait tentang pelaksanaan seleksi pemagangan ke jepang. Penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu aplikasi yang dapat mempermudah proses perekrutan pemagangan ke jepang berdasarkan hasil implementasi yang dilakukan dengan penerapan black box testing dengan diuji berdasarkan functionality menghasilkan 72,2% dengan hasil tersebut pengguna menyatakan kesesuaian fungsi pada sistem, Melihat kondisi ini, penulis tertarik untuk membuat aplikasi pemagangan ke jepang berbasis web. Tujuanya yaitu untuk mempermudah peserta dalam proses perekrutan pemagangan dan mengetahui isi dari pelaksanaan magang ke jepang secara detail
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL (STUDI KASUS : SMK 1 BANDAR LAMPUNG)
Authors: Siyasih Firnando
Published: November 2021

State Vocational High School 1 Bandar Lampung several activities have used computers, but especially in the processing of library data is still done manually, every month officers have to look at the book data and calculate the number of borrowers per day to make monthly reports, it is very retang against data damage, the problem caused is when going to make monthly report officers often have difficulty if there are documents that are damaged or lost.  because the officer does not have a backup of the daily report data archive. Based on these problems, the system is designed to be able to develop and implement digital libraries that can be accessed through the website so as to improve the quality of library services without limited space and time. The digital library is expected to facilitate students in the process related to the library. Because the library will be created utilizing Web-based technology. With the user's website will be easier in finding a collection of books, scientific journals, and others needed by each member of the library. In addition, the website can also be accessed anywhere, anytime, and anyone without having to come to the location of smk negeri 1 Bandar Lampung library
Late-Gestation in utero Heat Stress Limits Dairy Heifer Early-Life Growth and Organ Development
Authors: Dado-Senn Bethany , Field Sena L. , Davidson Brittney D. , Casarotto Leticia T. , Marrero Marcela G. , Ouellet Veronique , Cunha Federico , Sacher Melissa A. , Rice Cash L. , Maunsell Fiona P. , Dahl Geoffrey E. , Laporta Jimena
Published: November 2021

Dairy calves exposed to late-gestation heat stress weigh less, have impaired immunity, produce less milk across multiple lactations, and have reduced productive life. However, less is known about the relationship between in utero heat stress and organ morphology and development. Herein, we characterized the consequences of late-gestation in utero heat stress on body and organ growth trajectories during early-life development. Holstein heifers were either in utero heat-stressed (IU-HT, n = 36, dams exposed to THI > 68) or cooled (IU-CL, n = 37, dams exposed to THI > 68 with access to active cooling) during late gestation (54 ± 5 d prepartum). All heifers were reared identically from birth to weaning. Upon birth, calves were weighed and fed 3.78 L of colostrum followed by 0.87 kg DM/d milk replacer (MR) over two feedings and ad libitum starter concentrate daily. Weaning began at 49 d and ended at 56 d of age. Feed intake was recorded daily, and body weight (BW) and other growth measures were recorded at 0, 28, 56, and 63 d. Blood was collected at d 1 then weekly. Subsets of heifers were selected for euthanasia at birth and 7 d after complete weaning (n = 8 per group each) to harvest and weigh major organs. Reduced BW and stature measures persisted in IU-HT heifers from 0 to 63 d of age with a 7% lower average daily gain and reduced starter consumption relative to IU-CL heifers. IU-HT heifers had lower hematocrit percentages and reduced apparent efficiency of absorption of IgG relative to IU-CL heifers. Additionally, IU-HT heifers had reduced gross thymus, spleen, thyroid gland, and heart weight at birth and larger adrenal glands and kidneys but smaller ovaries relative to BW at 63 d. The mammary gland of IU-HT heifers was smaller relative to IU-CL heifers at birth and 63 d adjusted for BW, suggesting mechanisms leading to impaired milk yield in mature IU-HT cows are initiated early in development. In summary, in utero heat stress reduces whole-body size and limits development of key organs with potential repercussions on dairy calf metabolic adaptation, immune function, and future productivity.
To B (Bone Morphogenic Protein-2) or Not to B (Bone Morphogenic Protein-2): Mesenchymal Stem Cells May Explain the Protein’s Role in Osteosarcomagenesis
Authors: Xu Chunfeng , Wang Mingjie , Zandieh-Doulabi Behrouz , Sun Wei , Wei Lingfei , Liu Yuelian
Published: November 2021

Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary malignant bone tumor, stems from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and/or committed osteoblast precursors. Distant metastases, in particular pulmonary and skeletal metastases, are common in patients with OS. Moreover, extensive resection of the primary tumor and bone metastases usually leads to bone defects in these patients. Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been widely applied in bone regeneration with the rationale that BMP-2 promotes osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs. Thus, BMP-2 might be useful after OS resection to repair bone defects. However, the potential tumorigenicity of BMP-2 remains a concern that has impeded the administration of BMP-2 in patients with OS and in populations susceptible to OS with severe bone deficiency (e.g., in patients with genetic mutation diseases and aberrant activities of bone metabolism). In fact, some studies have drawn the opposite conclusion about the effect of BMP-2 on OS progression. Given the roles of BMSCs in the origination of OS and osteogenesis, we hypothesized that the responses of BMSCs to BMP-2 in the tumor milieu may be responsible for OS development. This review focuses on the relationship among BMSCs, BMP-2, and OS cells; a better understanding of this relationship may elucidate the accurate mechanisms of actions of BMP-2 in osteosarcomagenesis and thereby pave the way for clinically safer and broader administration of BMP-2 in the future. For example, a low dosage of and a slow-release delivery strategy for BMP-2 are potential topics for exploration to treat OS.
Identifying Two Novel Clusters in Calcium Oxalate Stones With Urinary Tract Infection Using 16S rDNA Sequencing
Authors: Shen Chen , Zhu Qianhui , Dong Fan , Wang Wei , Fan Bo , Li Kexin , Chen Jun , Hu Songnian , He Zilong , Li Xiancheng
Published: November 2021

Urinary stones and urinary tract infection (UTI) are the most common diseases in urology and they are characterized by high incidence and high recurrence rate in China. Previous studies have shown that urinary stones are closely associated with gut or urine microbiota. Calcium oxalate stones are the most common type of urinary stones. However, the profile of urinary tract microorganisms of calcium oxalate stones with UTI is not clear. In this research, we firstly found two novel clusters in patients with calcium oxalate stones (OA) that were associated with the WBC/HP (white blood cells per high-power field) level in urine. Two clusters in the OA group (OA1 and OA2) were distinguished by the key microbiota Firmicutes and Enterobacteriaceae. We found that Enterobacteriaceae enriched in OA1 cluster was positively correlated with several infection-related pathways and negatively correlated with a few antibiotics-related pathways. Meantime, some probiotics with higher abundance in OA2 cluster such as Bifidobacterium were positively correlated with antibiotics-related pathways, and some common pathogens with higher abundance in OA2 cluster such as Enterococcus were positively correlated with infection-related pathways. Therefore, we speculated that as a sub-type of OA disease, OA1 was caused by Enterobacteriaceae and the lack of probiotics compared with OA2 cluster. Moreover, we also sequenced urine samples of healthy individuals (CK), patients with UTI (I), patients with uric acid stones (UA), and patients with infection stones (IS). We identified the differentially abundant taxa among all groups. We hope the findings will be helpful for clinical treatment and diagnosis of urinary stones.
Edaphoclimatic Descriptors of Wild Tomato Species (Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon) and Closely Related Species (Solanum Sect. Juglandifolia and Sect. Lycopersicoides) in South America
Authors: Ramírez-Ojeda Gabriela , Peralta Iris Edith , Rodríguez-Guzmán Eduardo , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Chávez-Servia José Luis , Medina-Hinostroza Tulio Cecilio , Rijalba-Vela Jorge Rodrigo , Vásquez-Núñez Leopoldo Pompeyo , Rodríguez-Pérez Juan Enrique
Published: November 2021

Wild species related to cultivated tomato are essential genetic resources in breeding programs focused on food security to face future challenges. The ecogeographic analysis allows identifying the species adaptive ranges and most relevant environmental variables explaining their patterns of actual distribution. The objective of this research was to identify the diversity, ecological descriptors, and statistical relationship of 35 edaphoclimatic variables (20 climatic, 1 geographic and 14 edaphic variables) from 4,649 accessions of 12 wild tomato species and 4 closely related species classified in Solanum sect. Lycopersicon and clustered into four phylogenetic groups, namely “Lycopersicon group” (S. pimpinellifolium, S. cheesmaniae, and S. galapagense), “Arcanum group” (S. arcanum, S. chmielewskii, and S. neorickii), “Eriopersicon group” (S. habrochaites, S. huaylasense, S. corneliomulleri, S. peruvianum, and S. chilense), “Neolycopersicon group” (S. pennellii); and two phylogenetically related groups in Solanum sect. Juglandifolia (S. juglandifolium and S. ochranthum), and section Lycopersicoides (S. lycopersicoides and S. sitiens). The relationship between the climate and edaphic variables were determined by the canonical correlation analysis, reaching 89.2% of variation with the first three canonical correlations. The most significant climatic variables were related to humidity (annual evapotranspiration, annual precipitation, and precipitation of driest month) and physicochemical soil characteristics (bulk density, pH, and base saturation percentage). In all groups, ecological descriptors and diversity patterns were consistent with previous reports. Regarding edaphoclimatic diversity, 12 climate types and 17 soil units were identified among all species. This approach has promissory applications for biodiversity conservation and uses valuable genetic resources related to a leading crop.