bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of time delay on fractional-order PI-controlled system for a second-order oscillatory plant model with time delay
Authors: Sadalla Talar , Horla Dariusz , Giernacki Wojciech , Kozierski Piotr
Published: December 2017

The paper aims at presenting the influence of an open-loop time delay on the stability and tracking performance of a second-order open-loop system and continuoustime fractional-order PI controller. The tuning method of this controller is based on Hermite- Biehler and Pontryagin theorems, and the tracking performance is evaluated on the basis of two integral performance indices, namely IAE and ISE. The paper extends the results and methodology presented in previous work of the authors to analysis of the influence of time delay on the closed-loop system taking its destabilizing properties into account, as well as concerning possible application of the presented results and used models.
Investigation on thermo-mechanical behavior of shape memory alloy actuator
Authors: Kurzawa Milena , Stachowiak Dorota
Published: December 2017

The paper presents the design procedure and elaborated software for designing calculation of the shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator. The thermo-mechanical behavior of a linear SMA actuator has been studied. The experimental set-up was especially designed to perform the thermo-mechanical characterization of SMA wires. The stroke (s) - temperature (T) hysteresis characteristics have been determined. The cycle of heating and cooling has been performed under a constant load. The model for the SMA actuator s - T behavior has been proposed and successfully implemented. The selected results and conclusions have been presented. The concept proposal of the linear actuator using the SMA wire has been given.
Measurement-based harmonic current modeling of mobile storage for power quality study in the distribution system
Authors: Wenge Christoph , Guo Hui , Roehrig Christian
Published: December 2017

Electric vehicles (EVs) can be utilized as mobile storages in a power system. The use of battery chargers can cause current harmonics in the supplied AC system. In order to analyze the impact of different EVs with regardto their number and their emission of current harmonics, a generic harmonic current model of EV types was built and implemented in the power system simulation tool PSS®NETOMAC. Based on the measurement data for different types of EVs three standardized harmonic EV models were developed and parametrized. Further, the identified harmonic models are used by the computation of load flow in a modeled, German power distribution system. As a benchmark, a case scenario was studied regarding a high market penetration of EVs in the year 2030 for Germany. The impact of the EV charging on the power distribution system was analyzed and evaluated with valid power quality standards.
Frequency and time domain characteristics of digital control of electric vehicle in-wheel drives
Authors: Jarzebowicz Leszek , Opalinski Artur
Published: December 2017

In-wheel electric drives are promising as actuators in active safety systems of electric and hybrid vehicles. This new function requires dedicated control algorithms, making it essential to deliver models that reflect better the wheel-torque control dynamics of electric drives. The timing of digital control events, whose importance is stressed in current research, still lacks an analytical description allowing for modeling its influence on control system dynamics. In this paper, authors investigate and compare approaches to the analog and discrete analytical modeling of torque control loop in digitally controlled electric drive. Five different analytical models of stator current torque component control are compared to judge their accuracy in representing drive control dynamics related to the timing of digital control events. The Bode characteristics and stepresponse characteristics of the analytical models are then compared with those of a reference model for three commonly used cases of motor discrete control schemes. Finally, the applicability of the presented models is discussed.
Analysis of Energy Storage System with Distributed Hydrogen Production and Gas Turbine
Authors: Kotowicz Janusz , Bartela Łukasz , Dubiel-Jurgaś Klaudia
Published: December 2017

Paper presents the concept of energy storage system based on power-to-gas-to-power (P2G2P) technology. The system consists of a gas turbine co-firing hydrogen, which is supplied from a distributed electrolysis installations, powered by the wind farms located a short distance from the potential construction site of the gas turbine. In the paper the location of this type of investment was selected. As part of the analyses, the area of wind farms covered by the storage system and the share of the electricity production which is subjected storage has been changed. The dependence of the changed quantities on the potential of the hydrogen production and the operating time of the gas turbine was analyzed. Additionally, preliminary economic analyses of the proposed energy storage system were carried out.
Online Monitoring System of Air Distribution in Pulverized Coal-Fired Boiler Based on Numerical Modeling
Authors: Żymełka Piotr , Nabagło Daniel , Janda Tomasz , Madejski Paweł
Published: December 2017

Balanced distribution of air in coal-fired boiler is one of the most important factors in the combustion process and is strongly connected to the overall system efficiency. Reliable and continuous information about combustion airflow and fuel rate is essential for achieving optimal stoichiometric ratio as well as efficient and safe operation of a boiler. Imbalances in air distribution result in reduced boiler efficiency, increased gas pollutant emission and operating problems, such as corrosion, slagging or fouling. Monitoring of air flow trends in boiler is an effective method for further analysis and can help to appoint important dependences and start optimization actions. Accurate real-time monitoring of the air distribution in boiler can bring economical, environmental and operational benefits. The paper presents a novel concept for online monitoring system of air distribution in coal-fired boiler based on real-time numerical calculations. The proposed mathematical model allows for identification of mass flow rates of secondary air to individual burners and to overfire air (OFA) nozzles. Numerical models of air and flue gas system were developed using software for power plant simulation. The correctness of the developed model was verified and validated with the reference measurement values. The presented numerical model for real-time monitoring of air distribution is capable of giving continuous determination of the complete air flows based on available digital communication system (DCS) data.
Modeling of District Heating Networks for the Purpose of Operational Optimization with Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Leśko Michał , Bujalski Wojciech
Published: December 2017

The aim of this document is to present the topic of modeling district heating systems in order to enable optimization of their operation, with special focus on thermal energy storage in the pipelines. Two mathematical models for simulation of transient behavior of district heating networks have been described, and their results have been compared in a case study. The operational optimization in a DH system, especially if this system is supplied from a combined heat and power plant, is a difficult and complicated task. Finding a global financial optimum requires considering long periods of time and including thermal energy storage possibilities into consideration. One of the most interesting options for thermal energy storage is utilization of thermal inertia of the network itself. This approach requires no additional investment, while providing significant possibilities for heat load shifting. It is not feasible to use full topological models of the networks, comprising thousands of substations and network sections, for the purpose of operational optimization with thermal energy storage, because such models require long calculation times. In order to optimize planned thermal energy storage actions, it is necessary to model the transient behavior of the network in a very simple way - allowing for fast and reliable calculations. Two approaches to building such models have been presented. Both have been tested by comparing the results of simulation of the behavior of the same network. The characteristic features, advantages and disadvantages of both kinds of models have been identified. The results can prove useful for district heating system operators in the near future.
Regionale prädiktive Regelung – Modellprädiktive Regelung mittels stückweise definiertem Riccati-Regler
Authors: König Kai , Mönnigmann Martin
Published: December 2017

Prädiktive Regler basieren üblicherweise auf dem numerischen Lösen von Optimalsteuerungsaufgaben (OSA). Dieses Vorgehen
kann als punktweises Auswerten eines nur implizit definierten Regelgesetzes aufgefasst werden. Bei der linearen
modellprädiktiven Regelung (MPC) definiert die Lösung der OSA nicht nur die optimale Rückführung an einem Punkt, sondern
auf einem Polytop im Zustandsraum. Indem dieses Gesetz so lange verwendet wird, wie das System im aktuellen Polytop
bleibt, entsteht eine regionale MPC, und die OSA muss nur bei Verlassen des Polytops gelöst werden. Es werden zwei Ansätze
vorgeschlagen, die die Zahl der zu lösenden OSA weiter reduzieren. Der erste basiert auf der Aktualisierung des
Regelgesetzes mit Hilfe einer Analyse benachbarter Polytope. Der zweite lässt eine suboptimale Verwendung der Rückführung
zu, die zu vergrößerten Gültigkeitsregionen führt.
‘You can say – we do not want the junkies and the sex workers. But they are here!‘: On the spatial exclusion of anti-social behaviour in Bratislava - Nové Mesto
Authors: Klimentová Ivana , Valkovičová Veronika
Published: December 2017

The paper focuses on the discursive framing of drug users and sex workers as subjects of public space governance within the process of local policymaking. The core of this study analyses the non-governmental organisation OZ Odyseus grant application for a harm reduction programme and a subsequent debate of the Municipal Council Members of the Bratislava city district – Nové Mesto. The aim of the meeting and the debate was to approve funding for numerous social projects, including a fieldwork-oriented organisation OZ Odyseus, which provides harm reduction in numerous city districts of Bratislava. The analysis disclosed the application of specific subject positioning frames, which conceptualise drug users and sex workers as ‘out of place’, anti-social and not members of a local community. Results of the study point to the conceptualisation of (commercial) public space as ‘stolen from the normal people’ and the need for spatial segregation of sex workers and drug users in order to reclaim and revitalise it.
Anticyclotomic p-ordinary Iwasawa theory of elliptic modular forms
Authors: Büyükboduk Kâzım , Lei Antonio
Published: December 2017

This is the first in a series of articles where we will study the Iwasawa theory of an elliptic modular form f along the anticyclotomic

ℤ
p

{\mathbb{Z}_{p}}

-tower of an imaginary quadratic field K where the prime p splits completely. Our goal in this portion is to prove the Iwasawa main conjecture for suitable twists of f assuming that f is p-ordinary, both in the definite and indefinite setups simultaneously, via an analysis of Beilinson–Flach elements.
Finite-dimensional representations of Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Koç Ayten , Özaydın Murad
Published: December 2017

When Γ is a row-finite digraph, we classify all finite-dimensional modules of the Leavitt path algebra

L
⁢

(
Γ
)

{L(\Gamma)}

via an explicit Morita equivalence given by an effective combinatorial (reduction) algorithm on the digraph Γ.
The category of (unital)

L
⁢

(
Γ
)

{L(\Gamma)}

-modules is equivalent to a full subcategory of quiver representations of Γ.
However, the category of finite-dimensional representations of

L
⁢

(
Γ
)

{L(\Gamma)}

is tame in contrast to the finite-dimensional quiver representations of Γ, which are almost always wild.
Orlicz dual affine quermassintegrals
Authors: Zhao Chang-Jian
Published: December 2017

In the paper, our main aim is to generalize the dual affine quermassintegrals to the Orlicz space.
Under the framework of Orlicz dual Brunn–Minkowski theory, we introduce a new affine
geometric quantity by calculating the first-order variation of the dual affine quermassintegrals, and call it the Orlicz dual affine quermassintegral.
The fundamental notions and conclusions of the dual affine quermassintegrals and the Minkoswki and Brunn–Minkowski inequalities for them are extended to an Orlicz setting, and the related concepts and inequalities of Orlicz dual mixed volumes are also included in our conclusions.
The new Orlicz–Minkowski and Orlicz–Brunn–Minkowski inequalities in a special case yield the Orlicz dual Minkowski inequality and Orlicz dual Brunn–Minkowski inequality, which also imply the

L
p

{L_{p}}

-dual Minkowski inequality and Brunn–Minkowski inequality for the dual affine quermassintegrals.
A note on Hardy spaces and bounded linear operators
Authors: Rocha Pablo
Published: December 2017

In this note we show that if

f
∈

H
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

∩

L
s

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{f\in H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\cap L^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

, where

0
<
p
≤
1
<
s
<
∞

{0<p\leq 1<s<\infty}

, then there exists a

(
p
,
∞
)

{(p,\infty)}

-atomic decomposition which converges to f in

L
s

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{L^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

.
From this result, we obtain that a bounded linear operator T on

L
s

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{L^{s}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

can be extended to a bounded operator from

H
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

into

L
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

if and only if T is bounded uniformly in

L
p

{L^{p}}

norm on all

(
p
,
∞
)

{(p,\infty)}

-atoms.
A similar result is also obtained from

H
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

into

H
p

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{H^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

.
Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of some moss species
Authors: Karpiński Tomasz M. , Adamczak Artur
Published: December 2017

Introduction: For centuries, mosses have been used in traditional medicine due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from 12 moss species: Brachythecium albicans, Bryum argenteum, Ceratodon purpureus, Dicranum scoparium, Dryptodon pulvinatus, Orthotrichum anomalum, Oxyrrhynchium hians, Plagiomnium undulatum, Polytrichum juniperinum, P. piliferum, Schistidium crassipilum, and Syntrichia ruralis. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of extracts was investigated against three Gram(+) bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes) and two Gram(-) bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), using the agar disc-diffusion method. Results: The high activity against all investigated bacteria was determined for extracts of D. pulvinatus, P. undulatum, B. argenteum, S. crassipilum, O. anomalum (mean inhibition zone: 11.3-13.1 mm) and to a lesser extent in the case of D. scoparium (8.3 mm). Extracts from P. juniperinum and P. piliferum showed activity only against Gram-positive bacteria, with an inhibition zone from 7.3 to 9.7 mm. Four species: B. albicans, C. purpureus, O. hians, and S. ruralis had not antibacterial properties. Conclusions: The obtained results indicate that mosses could be a significant source of antibacterial agents. For the first time, we presented antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from S. crassipilum and O. anomalum.
The Hong Kong Occupy Injunction Cases
Authors: Lone Fozia N
Published: December 2017

In September 2014, the deadlock over election reforms in Hong Kong sparked off a mass civil disobedience occupy movement. This political dispute eventually reached the legal arena after the filing of injunction applications before the courts of Hong Kong to clear the protest sites. This article aims to discuss the courts’ approach towards the adjudication of these injunction cases. In particular, this article will review: (a) the appropriateness of the scope of the interim injunctions granted to protect the plaintiff’s personal rights under the tort of public nuisance; (b) the function of the police in implementing the injunction orders; (c) the position the courts should adopt in defending individual rights of the plaintiffs if a similar remedy is already available under the statute; and (d) the way courts should reconcile competing claims and protect both the unidentified protestors’ human rights and the private rights of the plaintiffs. The article maintains that the injunction cases have set rather dangerous precedents regarding the protection of fundamental rights in Hong Kong in cases of public order involving protection of private rights. The same analysis leads to the conclusion that in a democratic society, the courts have a duty to find the balance between the protection of fundamental human rights and private rights under tort of nuisance, while also observing significant procedural rules.
Low Frequency Sloshing Analysis of Cylindrical Containers with Flat and Conical Baffles
Authors: Gnitko V. , Naumemko Y. , Strelnikova E.
Published: December 2017

This paper presents an analysis of low-frequency liquid vibrations in rigid partially filled containers with baffles. The liquid is supposed to be an ideal and incompressible one and its flow is irrotational. A compound shell of revolution is considered as the container model. For evaluating the velocity potential the system of singular boundary integral equations has been obtained. The single-domain and multi-domain reduced boundary element methods have been used for its numerical solution. The numerical simulation is performed to validate the proposed method and to estimate the sloshing frequencies and modes of fluid-filled cylindrical shells with baffles in the forms of circular plates and truncated cones. Both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric modes of liquid vibrations in baffled and un-baffled tanks have been considered. The proposed method makes it possible to determine a suitable place with a proper height for installing baffles in tanks by using the numerical experiment.
Fem Simulation of Triple Diffusive Natural Convection Along Inclined Plate in Porous Medium: Prescribed Surface Heat, Solute and Nanoparticles Flux
Authors: Goyal M. , Goyal R. , Bhargava R.
Published: December 2017

In this paper, triple diffusive natural convection under Darcy flow over an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium saturated with a binary base fluid containing nanoparticles and two salts is studied. The model used for the nanofluid is the one which incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. In addition, the thermal energy equations include regular diffusion and cross-diffusion terms. The vertical surface has the heat, mass and nanoparticle fluxes each prescribed as a power law function of the distance along the wall. The boundary layer equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations with the help of group theory transformations. A wide range of parameter values are chosen to bring out the effect of buoyancy ratio, regular Lewis number and modified Dufour parameters of both salts and nanofluid parameters with varying angle of inclinations. The effects of parameters on the velocity, temperature, solutal and nanoparticles volume fraction profiles, as well as on the important parameters of heat and mass transfer, i.e., the reduced Nusselt, regular and nanofluid Sherwood numbers, are discussed. Such problems find application in extrusion of metals, polymers and ceramics, production of plastic films, insulation of wires and liquid packaging.
Impact of Nonlinearity of The Contact Layer Between Elements Joined in a Multi-Bolted System on Its Preload
Authors: Grzejda R.
Published: December 2017

The paper deals with modelling and calculations of asymmetrical multi-bolted joints at the assembly stage. The physical model of the joint is based on a system composed of four subsystems, which are: a couple of joined elements, a contact layer between the elements, and a set of bolts. The contact layer is assumed as the Winkler model, which can be treated as a nonlinear or linear model. In contrast, the set of bolts are modelled using simplified beam models, known as spider bolt models. The theorem according to which nonlinearity of the contact layer has a negligible impact on the final preload of the joint in the case of its sequential tightening has been verified. Results of sample calculations for the selected multi-bolted system, in the form of diagrams of preloads in the bolts as well as normal contact pressure between the joined elements during the assembly process and at its end, are presented.
Coupled Finite Volume and Finite Element Method Analysis of a Complex Large-Span Roof Structure
Authors: Szafran J. , Juszczyk K. , Kamiński M.
Published: December 2017

The main goal of this paper is to present coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and structural analysis for the precise determination of wind impact on internal forces and deformations of structural elements of a longspan roof structure. The Finite Volume Method (FVM) serves for a solution of the fluid flow problem to model the air flow around the structure, whose results are applied in turn as the boundary tractions in the Finite Element Method problem structural solution for the linear elastostatics with small deformations. The first part is carried out with the use of ANSYS 15.0 computer system, whereas the FEM system Robot supports stress analysis in particular roof members. A comparison of the wind pressure distribution throughout the roof surface shows some differences with respect to that available in the engineering designing codes like Eurocode, which deserves separate further numerical studies. Coupling of these two separate numerical techniques appears to be promising in view of future computational models of stochastic nature in large scale structural systems due to the stochastic perturbation method.
Technical and Economic Aspects of Low Emission Reduction in Poland
Authors: Dzikuć M. , Łasiński K.
Published: December 2017

The paper presents the problem of excessive air pollution in Poland caused mainly by low emission. The emission arises in result of heating flats by means of old and energetically inefficient heating installations. In Poland and Bulgaria the inhaled air is of the worst quality out of all EU countries. The paper presents economic and technical problems related to low emission occurring during the combustion of solid fuels in local boiler houses. Furthermore, the most significant economic issues, connected with the reduction of low emission are discussed, as well as technological possibilities of efficient reduction of the amount of pollution in the atmosphere. Conclusions are presented at the end of the article.
Adsorption of CO2 onto Activated Carbons Prepared by Chemical Activation with Metallic Salts
Authors: Acevedo Sergio , Giraldo Liliana , Moreno-Piraján Juan Carlos
Published: December 2017

Activated carbons are obtained by chemical activation of African Palm shells (Elaeis guineensis) with different impregnating agents, i. e. magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) aqueous solutions at different concentrations (3, 5 and 7 % w/v) and temperatures (between 773 and 1073 K), in order to assess their influence on the development of the porosity. The activated carbons prepared are characterized in terms of both textural and chemical properties. The activated carbons have a surface area and a pore volume ranging between 19 and 501 m2.g−1 and 0.03–0.29 cm3.g−1, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the samples with higher surface area and pore volume (i. e. those impregnated with MgCl2 and CaCl2 solutions and thermally treated at 1073 K) are selected to evaluate the adsorption capacity and affinity for CO2. CO2 adsorption capacity varies between 1.78 and 2.95 mmolCO2.g−1 at 273 K and low pressure, and the activated carbon impregnated with the solution of MgCl2 3% and activated at 1073 K (i. e. ACMg3-1073) showed the best performances. Finally, the kinetic results show that adsorption rate for sample ACMg3-1073 is enhanced by its micro-mesoporous nature, being the access routes to the micropores larger.
Interpreting legal arguments. Insights from the first ICC trial
Authors: Brambilla Emanuele
Published: December 2017

The terminological problems and pragmatic challenges interpreters regularly face in courts are often posed by judges’ and lawyers’ recourse to argument strategies. However, the analysis of legal argumentation in courtroom interaction has been substantially overlooked in interpreting scholarly settings. Against this background, the paper outlines the preliminary findings of the ArgIntIus project, bridging argumentation theory and court interpreting studies. The project is based on a parallel corpus of selected trials at the International Criminal Court (ICC); building on the assumption that familiarity with the argumentative routines of legal experts plays a crucial role in providing quality interpreting services, the project aims at detecting recurring argument strategies used in ICC trials and analysing their renditions by experienced interpreters, with a view to promoting the quest for pragmatic equivalence in interpreter-mediated courtroom interaction. The paper focuses on the trial of Thomas Lubanga Dyilo and draws on argumentation theory to analyse judicial discourse. The findings suggest that specific argument strategies are recurrently implemented by ICC lawyers; particularly, the relativity of legal arguments stands out, as their use often varies depending on whether the arguer is a member of the prosecution or the defence team. Notably, legal arguments are regularly reproduced by ICC interpreters who, thus, appear to be aware of the pragmatic implications of legal argumentation. A number of argument strategies and their respective interpretations are discussed, together with the training implications of the research project and the contribution of argumentation theory to court interpreting studies.
Foreignising and domesticating strategies in translating legal texts
Authors: Paolucci Sandro
Published: December 2017

This article starts by briefly introducing the origin, importance, and complexity of legal translation as well as the relationship between legal translation and comparative law; that is, the activities of a legal translator and those of a comparatist. The article then continues with its main topic, which is to illustrate problems in domesticating and foreignising translation strategies. Before translating a text from one language into another, the translator needs to mediate between two cultures and make a choice: to adopt a strategy aimed at maintaining the morphosyntactic, lexical, and stylistic structures of the source language, or to choose a strategy intended to convey certain morphosyntactic, lexical, and stylistic aspects in order to bring the translation closer to the target language and culture (Venuti, Lawrence. 1995.The translator’s invisibility. A history of translation. London: Routledge). Like other translators, a legal translator has various choices to make, including whether to opt for mainly foreignising (source-oriented) translation strategies, whose purpose is to maintain, observe, and respect the literal meaning of the source language, legal system, and legal culture as much as possible. On the other hand, the translator may prefer mainly domesticating (target-oriented) translation strategies, whose aim is to reformulate the message and adapt the original content while observing rules and considering the linguistic, legal, and cultural features of the target language and culture (Paolucci, Sandro. 2013a. Strategia estraniante e strategia addomesticante nella traduzione dei testi giuridici.Linguistica53(2). 73–89). Although the dichotomy between foreignising and domesticating translations has a long history (reflection on a mainly literal translation or a more liberal translation was discussed as early as ancient Rome, especially in literary translation; Ožbot, Martina. 2016. O drugačnosti prevodov in drugačnosti njihovega sodobnega raziskovanja. In Zupan Sosič (ed.),Drugačnost v slovenskem jeziku, literaturi in kulturi: 52. seminar slovenskega jezika, literature in kulture. 28–37. Ljubljana: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete), this article first presents translation theories by scholars such as Schleiermacher, Venuti, and others. It continues with a more detailed focus on the use of foreignising and domesticating strategies in legal translation. After a short presentation of some basic elements and factors that contribute to determining the translator’s strategic choices, a methodology is proposed with specific cases, supported by concrete examples in which the translator should mainly use a foreignising translation and cases in which a domesticating translation is more suitable, efficient, or even necessary. The proposal has been confirmed by the results of a survey conducted in 2016 among forty Italian and Slovenian legal translators who were asked to translate from Slovene into Italian some legal terms contained in normative, expository and informative legal texts.
Legal system: an additional variable in the analysis of short-term diachronic evolution of legal terminology
Authors: Peruzzo Katia
Published: December 2017

The inclusion of specialised corpora in terminological studies since the early 1990s has allowed for the observation and description of the behaviour of terminology in authentic linguistic contexts. As a result, what is nowadays known as “Textual Terminology” (Bourigault & Slodzian 1999, Pour une terminologie textuelle. Terminologies Nouvelles 19. 29–32) has become commonplace practice in the study of terminology. This new approach to terminology has led to the development of alternative paradigms to the General Theory of Terminology and to increasing interest in terminological variation, i.e. the existence of multiple terms to refer to a single concept. In this paper, the focus is on terminological variation in legal terminology. Variation in terminology can be studied from a number of perspectives and the one undertaken here is diachronic. The aim of the paper is to determine whether legal terminology, being “the most visible and striking linguistic feature of legal language” (Cao 2007: 53, Translating law. Clevedon/Buffalo/Toronto: Multilingual Matters) but also deemed to change very slowly (Lemmens 2011, The slow dynamics of legal language: Festina lente? Terminology 17(1). 74–93), is subject to terminological variation in the short term and, if so, what type of variation it experiences. To do so, European Union legal acts in English and Italian and national legal acts in Italian dealing with the topic of victims of crime and their rights were examined and concrete examples of denominative and conceptual variation were extracted. The presence of two legal systems in the analysis made it necessary to add the ‘legal system’ variable to the methodological framework to provide a more comprehensive picture of the types of short-term variation detected. The inclusion of this variable led to the classification of the variants into two types, i.e. ‘intra-systemic’ and ‘inter-systemic’ variation. Moreover, an attempt was also made to classify the variants discussed in the paper against Picton’s typology for the description of short-term knowledge evolution through terminology (Picton 2014, The dynamics of terminology in short-term diachrony. A proposal for a corpus-based methodology to observe knowledge evolution. In R. Temmerman & M. Van Campenhoudt (eds.), Dynamics and terminology. An interdisciplinary perspective on monolingual and multilingual culture-bound communication, 157–182. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins). This attempt resulted in the recognition of the lack of suitable categories for all the types of variation identified and thus of the need for further investigation of the dynamics of legal terminology embedded in a multi-level jurisdiction such as the EU.
Effect of Different Substrates on the Acceptance of Grafted Larvae in Commercial Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera) Queen Rearing
Authors: Contreras-Martinez Celia A. , Contreras-Escareño Francisca , Macias-Macias José O. , Tapia-Gonzalez Jose M. , Petukhova Tatiana , Guzman-Novoa Ernesto
Published: December 2017

The need for the increased production of honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens has led beekeepers to use different substrates in artificial queen cups where larvae destined to become queens are deposited (grafting). However, not enough scientific evidence exists that indicates that this practice is useful and what substance offers the best results. This study was conducted to determine with the Doolittle queen rearing method the acceptance rate of larvae deposited on different substrates during grafting and to determine if the sugar content and pH of the substrates used affect the acceptance of larvae in cell builder colonies. The evaluated substrates were coconut water, apple nectar, royal jelly, cola soda and distilled water, plus control (without substrate). Grafted larvae of the six treatments were introduced into cell builder colonies and their acceptance verified after 72 h. Apple nectar provided the highest rate of larvae acceptance with 81.06%, followed by cola soda with 62.93%, coconut water with 60.90%, royal jelly with 57.82% and distilled water with 58.99%. The larvae acceptance rates of all substrates were significantly higher than the control, which had an acceptance rate of 47.04%. No significant relationship was found between the sugar content of the substrates and larvae acceptance. However, although not significant, a high negative correlation was found between the substrate pH and the number of accepted larvae (Rho = - 0.90, p = 0.07). These results suggest that the use of liquid acidic substrates during larvae grafting, in particular apple nectar, may increase the production of honey bee queens.
Monitoring of Small Hive Beetle (Aethina Tumida Murray) in Calabria (Italy) from 2014 to 2016: Practical Identification Methods
Authors: Rivera-Gomis Jorge , Gregorc Ales , Ponti Andrea Maroni , Artese Francesco , Zowitsky Gertruida , Formato Giovanni
Published: December 2017

The Small Hive Beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida, is an invasive pest of honey bee colonies that causes significant damage to the beekeeping sector. SHB was detected in southern Italy (EU) in 2014 and despite adopted eradication measures, is still present there. After three years of observations of SHB in Calabria (2014-2016), we provide here some practical tips for improving control measures. A new time-saving colony examination method, including the use of an internal divider reduced the time needed for hive inspections by 31.86 % on average. Prioritizating the inspection of pollen and honey combs rather than brood combs is advised. Sentinel apiaries with no more than five colonies without supers are suggested for each beekeeping location in order to attract and to monitor the early appearance of SHB. The use of these methods will enable early detection and prompt control measures application before this destructive pest can spread in the region.
Citrullus colocynthis Linn. Fruit extract ameliorates cisplatin-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats
Authors: Adeyemi Olufunmilayo O. , Ishola Ismail O. , Ajani Ifeoluwa D.
Published: December 2017

Background

Cisplatin-induced acute liver and kidney injuries are serious problems in cancer patients during treatment of solid tumours.

Objective

This study sought to investigate possible protective effect of ethanolic fruit extract of Citrullus colocynthis (CC) against cisplatin-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats.

Methods

Thirty male albino rats (150–200 g) were divided into five groups (n=6) and treated as follows: group 1: vehicle (10 mL/kg, p.o.; normal control); group 2: vehicle (10 mL/kg); groups 3–5: CC (100, 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o.), respectively, for 10 days. Cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg; i.p.) was administered on the 7th day to animals in groups (2–5) 1 h after pretreatment. The animals were euthanized on day 10 for haematological, biochemical and histological analysis.

Results

Cisplatin induced a significant increase in the serum levels of ALT, ALP, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen indicative of hepato-renal injury. More so, cisplatin caused marked increase in granulocyte, lymphocyte and platelets counts which were ameliorated by CC (100–400 mg/kg) treatment. In addition, cisplatin induced marked increase in MDA and nitrite levels coupled with deficits in glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities which were attenuated by CC administration. In vitro assay showed that CC scavenged DPPH and nitrite radicals (69.50 and 64.50 µg/mL, respectively). Total antioxidant capacity, phenolic and flavonoid contents are 24.27±0.09 mg QUE/g, 17.14±0.12 mg GAE/g and 10.20±0.09 mg QUE/g, respectively. CC preserved the liver and kidney histoarchitecture.

Conclusions

This study showed that C. colocynthis possesses hepatoprotective and nephroprotective actions possibly through enhancement of antioxidant defence system. Thus, it could be a potential adjuvant in cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
A Chemometrics Approach for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data to Characterize the Partial Metabolome Banana Peels from Southern Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Sara , Maraschin Marcelo , Peruch Luiz Augusto Martins , Rocha Miguel , Pereira Aline
Published: December 2017

Banana peels are well recognized as a source of important bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, carotenoids, biogenic amines, among others. As such, they have recently started to be used for industrial purposes. However, its composition seems to be strongly affected by biotic or abiotic ecological factors. Thus, this study aimed to investigate banana peels chemical composition, not only to get insights on eventual metabolic changes caused by the seasons, in southern Brazil, but also to identify the most relevant metabolites for these processes. To achieve this, a Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolic profiling strategy was adopted, followed by chemometrics analysis, using the specmine package for the R environment, and metabolite identification. The results showed that the metabolomic approach adopted allowed identifying a series of primary and secondary metabolites in the aqueous extracts investigated. Besides, over the seasons the metabolic profiles of the banana peels showed to contain biologically active compounds relevant to the skin wound healing process, indicating the biotechnological potential of that raw material.
Assessing Public Metabolomics Metadata, Towards Improving Quality
Authors: Ferreira João D. , Inácio Bruno , Salek Reza M. , Couto Francisco M.
Published: December 2017

Public resources need to be appropriately annotated with metadata in order to make them discoverable, reproducible and traceable, further enabling them to be interoperable or integrated with other datasets. While data-sharing policies exist to promote the annotation process by data owners, these guidelines are still largely ignored. In this manuscript, we analyse automatic measures of metadata quality, and suggest their application as a mean to encourage data owners to increase the metadata quality of their resources and submissions, thereby contributing to higher quality data, improved data sharing, and the overall accountability of scientific publications. We analyse these metadata quality measures in the context of a real-world repository of metabolomics data (i.e. MetaboLights), including a manual validation of the measures, and an analysis of their evolution over time. Our findings suggest that the proposed measures can be used to mimic a manual assessment of metadata quality.
Multiscale Transient and Steady-State Study of the Influence of Microstructure Degradation and Chromium Oxide Poisoning on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Performance
Authors: Li Guanchen , von Spakovsky Michael R. , Shen Fengyu , Lu Kathy
Published: December 2017

Oxygen reduction in a solid oxide fuel cell cathode involves a nonequilibrium process of coupled mass and heat diffusion and electrochemical and chemical reactions. These phenomena occur at multiple temporal and spatial scales, making the modeling, especially in the transient regime, very difficult. Nonetheless, multiscale models are needed to improve the understanding of oxygen reduction and guide cathode design. Of particular importance for long-term operation are microstructure degradation and chromium oxide poisoning both of which degrade cathode performance. Existing methods are phenomenological or empirical in nature and their application limited to the continuum realm with quantum effects not captured. In contrast, steepest-entropy-ascent quantum thermodynamics can be used to model nonequilibrium processes (even those far-from equilibrium) at all scales. The nonequilibrium relaxation is characterized by entropy generation, which can unify coupled phenomena into one framework to model transient and steady behavior. The results reveal the effects on performance of the different timescales of the varied phenomena involved and their coupling. Results are included here for the effects of chromium oxide concentrations on cathode output as is a parametric study of the effects of interconnect-three-phase-boundary length, oxygen mean free path, and adsorption site effectiveness. A qualitative comparison with experimental results is made.
What does the Transcendental Deduction prove, and when does it prove it? Henry Allison on Kant’s Transcendental Deduction
Authors: Guyer Paul
Published: December 2017

Henry Allison’s recent book on the Transcendental Deduction complements his long-term emphasis on the “discursivity” thesis: having separated intuitions and concepts, Kant intends the Transcendental Deduction to re-connect them by demonstrating that the categories must apply to all intuitions that are possible for us. In Allison’s view, Kant successfully argues for this conclusion in the final stage of the second-edition Deduction, when he shows that our representations of space and time have a synthetic “unicity” that embraces all the intuitions we may ever have and depends on the use of the categories. I question whether Kant can justifiably introduce a synthetic representation of space or time that comes between the pure
Media text energy as collective cultural memory reflection
Authors: Erofeeva Irina , Ushnikova Olga
Published: December 2017

The research aims at discovering the basic elements of energy potential in a media text. On the basis of the analysis of journalistic and advertising texts internal and external factors of the text energy circulation are singled out. The authors argue that a media text, representing a national worldview, contributes to the author’s and addressees’ energy augmentation as well as supports sustainable cultural meanings, fixed in the text.
From defamiliarization to foregrounding and defeated expectancy: Linguo-stylistic and cognitive sketch
Authors: Kupchyshyna Yuliya , Davydyuk Yuliya
Published: December 2017

The article focuses on revealing the nature of defamiliarization, foregrounding, and defeated expectancy from a linguo-stylistic and cognitive perspective. It has been stated that defamiliarization, composed by different types of foregrounding and defeated expectancy as deviation, generated with a certain stylistic purpose are complex phenomena. The article highlights cognitive factors which ensure the creation of defamiliarization and defeated expectancy in the literary texts.
Green marketing today – a mix of trust, consumer participation and life cycle thinking
Authors: Lewandowska Anna , Witczak Joanna , Kurczewski Przemysław
Published: December 2017

A transition for a green, circular economy has encouraged companies to use new tools which boost sustainability. The purpose of this article is to discuss the consideration of life cycle thinking in green marketing as realized by companies. This theoretical-conceptual study aims to analyze life cycle assessment (LCA) as a useful tool for assessing green marketing goals. We also intend to highlight the importance of creating consumer trust for green business by displaying the green credentials of the products and activities. The article presents t he virtues and shortcomings of the LCA results relative to marketing management. As a result, the literature presents some gaps in terms of addressing life cycle thinking in marketing management and linking with consumer participation and trust.
Young people as a subject of human resources management in the third sector organizations
Authors: Stankiewicz Janina , Seiler Bartosz , Bortnowska Hanna
Published: December 2017

In democratic societies, citizens join as volunteers in the management of various areas of the social sphere. They do this by engaging in non-profit organizations’ activities. People are the basis for the functioning of these entities, so it is possible to use appropriately adapted HRM methods and tools.

The important part of the social workforce of non-profit organizations is young people (up to the age -of 26). The article presents the results of research on the experiences of young volunteers - the characteristics of their involvement and their participation in personnel processes.

The purpose of the article is to identify the number and types of third-sector organizations, which young people have been involved in, as well as the characteristics of work performed by them in those subjects.

Moreover, the article’s aim is to diagnose of personal processes that these persons have been engaged in and to ascertain how do they evaluate their work experience in the organizations, which were analyzed.
Interception of values as a result of the business model restructuring – case study
Authors: Nogalski Bogdan , Niewiadomski Przemysław
Published: December 2017

The main objective of this paper is to present a case of value interception as a result of restructuring the business model of a manufacturing company that operates in the agricultural machinery sector. A company that focuses on core activities in the value chain and commissions the manufacturing of most components to specialised suppliers – as a result of restructuring – becomes an integrator that controls all parts of the supply chain; from obtaining a raw material, through its own production of a possibly large number of components, to the distribution of a finished composite product. The framework of the conducted research featured the identification of the relationships occurring between own production of components comprising a given product, and an alternative solution, i.e. possibility of acquiring them by way of co-operation. The authors assumed that a derivative of the value intercepted in the finished product implementation process is the number of components manufactured using own production resources.