bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel trajectory learning method for robotic arms based on Gaussian Mixture Model and k-value selection algorithm
Authors: Yan Jingnan , Wu Yue , Ji Kexin , Cheng Cheng , Zheng Yili
Published: February 2025

In the field of robotic arm trajectory imitation learning, Gaussian Mixture Models are widely used for their ability to capture the characteristics of complex trajectories. However, one major challenge in utilizing these models lies in the initialization process, particularly in determining the number of Gaussian kernels, or the k-value. The choice of the k-value significantly impacts the model’s performance, and traditional methods, such as random selection or selection based on empirical knowledge, often lead to suboptimal outcomes. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel trajectory learning method for robotic arms that combines Gaussian Mixture Model with a k-value selection algorithm. The proposed approach leverages the principles of the elbow method along with the properties of exponential functions, correction terms, and weight adjustments to accurately determine the optimal k-value. Next, k-means clustering is applied with the optimal k-value to initialize the parameters of the Gaussian Mixture Model, which are then refined and trained through the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The resulting model parameters are then employed in Gaussian Mixture Regression to generate the robotic arm trajectories. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through both simulation experiments with two-dimensional theoretical nonlinear dynamic systems and physical experiments with actual robotic arm data. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the traditional Gaussian Mixture Model approach, the proposed method improves trajectory accuracy by more than 15%, as shown by reductions in both the Mean Absolute Error and the Root Mean Square Error. These results highlight that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of robotic arm trajectory generation, providing a promising solution for improving robotic manipulation tasks.
NPR1-like genes in Theobroma cacao: Evolutionary insights and potential in enhancing resistance to Phytophthora megakarya
Authors: Rasheed Muhammad Umar , Malik Aiman , Haider Muhammad Zeshan , Sami Adnan , Shafiq Muhammad , Ali Qurban , Javed Muhammad Arshad , Ali Ansar
Published: February 2025

Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related 1 (NPR1) is crucial for activating the plant immune system through the signaling molecule salicylic acid (SA), which triggers systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in Arabidopsis. In this study, three putative genes associated with NPR1 from Arabidopsis have been identified in the genome of Theobroma cacao, namely, TcNPR1, TcNPR2, and TcNPR3, suggesting a functional diversification among the three gene entities. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TcNPR1 and TcNPR2 branched alongside their Arabidopsis orthologs, NPR1 and NPR2, indicating that these genes maintain a conserved role in SA signaling pathways across different species. In contrast, TcNPR3 exists in a separate clade, suggesting unique functional roles and evolutionary divergence. A comparative analysis of the physiochemical properties of these TcNPRs showed a different subcellular localization, as TcNPR1 persists in the cytoplasm, while TcNPR3 is found in the nucleus, aligning with its proposed role in SA signaling and transcriptional regulation. Furthermore, we identified microRNAs that target TcNPR3, suggesting that P. megakarya may exploit the transcriptional regulatory network to bypass plant defense activation. Transient overexpression or suppression of TcNPR gene expression through RNA interference-mediated gene silencing could be sufficient to study the impact on the production of other molecules, such as SA, some PR protein expressions, and resistance against P. megakarya. The interactions between proteins encoded by TcNPRs and cellular proteins of P. megakarya will provide insight into whether the pathogen manipulates host defenses. Finally, the expression of TcNPR genes in response to infection by P. megakarya offers valuable information regarding the temporal and spatial activation during the defense response.
Validation of ICD-10 codes used to identify the main reason for hospitalization due to hyponatremia in Sweden
Authors: Bergh Fahlén Cecilia , Issa Issa , Sahlander Fredrik , Lindh Jonatan D. , Calissendorff Jan , Falhammar Henrik , Skov Jakob , Mannheimer Buster
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder, with potentially serious consequences. Studies validating hyponatremia used as a principal diagnosis are lacking. Studying principal diagnoses is important since it indicates the main reason for inpatient care. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of principal diagnoses of hyponatremia according to the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) in patients discharged from hospital.

Methods

Three independent reviewers retrospectively analyzed medical records of 428 hospitalized patients, ≥18 years old, discharged with a principal diagnosis of either hyponatremia or syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) from three different hospitals during 2014–2017. The positive predictive value of hyponatremia as a principal diagnosis was calculated.

Results

The median age of the studied population was 73 (IQR 64–81) years and 69% were women. The range of sodium levels was < 100 to 139 mmol/L. The mean sodium level was 119 mmol/L. Of the patients 27% were treated in an intensive care unit (ICU)/high dependency unit (HDU). Hyponatremia was deemed to be the principal cause of inpatient care in 411 out of 428 patients, corresponding to a positive predictive value for hyponatremia as a principal diagnosis of 96% (CI 95% 94–98).

Conclusions

The current study showed that 19 diagnoses out of 20 were correct implying a high validity. Thus, a principal diagnosis of hyponatremia, appears to be a useful measure in clinical and epidemiological studies aiming to target a clinically relevant consequence of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients.
Hybrid-RViT: Hybridizing ResNet-50 and Vision Transformer for Enhanced Alzheimer’s disease detection
Authors: Yan Hongjie , Mubonanyikuzo Vivens , Komolafe Temitope Emmanuel , Zhou Liang , Wu Tao , Wang Nizhuan
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Early detection is critical for preventing progression and formulating effective treatment plans. This study aims to develop a novel deep learning (DL) model, Hybrid-RViT, to enhance the detection of AD. The proposed Hybrid-RViT model integrates the pre-trained convolutional neural network (ResNet-50) with the Vision Transformer (ViT) to classify brain MRI images across different stages of AD. The ResNet-50 adopted for transfer learning, facilitates inductive bias and feature extraction. Concurrently, ViT processes sequences of image patches to capture long-distance relationships via a self-attention mechanism, thereby functioning as a joint local-global feature extractor. The Hybrid-RViT model achieved a training accuracy of 97% and a testing accuracy of 95%, outperforming previous models. This demonstrates its potential efficacy in accurately identifying and classifying AD stages from brain MRI data. The Hybrid-RViT model, combining ResNet-50 and ViT, shows superior performance in AD detection, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for medical professionals in interpreting and analyzing brain MRI images. This model could significantly improve early diagnosis and intervention strategies for AD.
Considering New Functions in Thermal Bath Buildings: The Singular Heating Water System from the Roman Spa of Termas de São Vicente (Penafiel, Portugal)
Authors: González Soutelo Silvia , Carmona Barrero Juan Diego , Soeiro Teresa , Donate Carretero Inmaculada , Seara Erwelein Clara
Published: February 2025

The archaeological research we carried out between 2020-2023 (pipa bal-saovicente) in the Roman Spa of Termas de São Vicente, in Penafiel, Portugal, in order obtain a better understanding of this archaeological site preserved in the park of the modern spa, provided us with the opportunity to study a singular water heating system, using a piece of bronze discovered in situ at the beginning of 20th century.
In this article, we present the results of the research through the formal, analytical and functional study of this object and its archaeological context, which shed light on a new type of structure used in thermal buildings to heat and evaporate the mineral water used in these Roman mineral-medicinal bath complexes.
Csanád vármegye képviselete
az 1847/48. évi utolsó rendi
országgyűlésen
Authors: Deák Ádám
Published: February 2025

In my study, I present the activity of Csanád county in the Diet on the the deputies instructions, deputy reports, Diet diaries, newspaper reports and literature. Before the last Diet the political life in the counties became liven, and in 1846 the Conservative Party was formed, and in 1847 the Liberal Party was founded. These political movements had a great infulence on the life of Csanád county, three groups were formed (opposition, conservative and center). Many reform programs can be found in the instructions of Csanád county (public taxation, compulsory abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the aviticitas), but the government and the administrative system were not criticized. This proves that the political forces were strongly divided in Csanád county as well. János Rónay and Ferenc Posonyi represented Csanád county in this Diet. During the Diet deliberations, the deputies of Csanád were in favour of reforms, but a conflict arose between them over the case of administrative system. Then, as a result of the revolutions in Paris, Vienna and Pest in 1848, the nobles of Csanád county also supported bourgeois reforms.
A Rákóczi-szabadságharc
(1710–1711. évi) orosz orientációja
a historiográfiában
Authors: Zsemlye János Konstantin
Published: February 2025

The so called „Russian line” played a signifficant role from 1710 till 1711 in Rákóczi’s War of Independence (1703-1711). This „Russian line” was established by the Treaty of Warsaw (варшавский договор), concluded by Tsar Peter I (regarding the Rzeczpospolita) with Prince Francis II Rákóczi on September 4/15, 1707 (according to the Julian and Gregorian calendars, respectively). The principal advocate for these Russian connections was General Miklós Bercsényi. Following the Battle of Trencsén (August 3, 1708), the War for Independence began to decline militarily and became increasingly isolated internationally. In the meantime, during the „Great Northern War” (1700–1721), Peter I’s Europe-wide renowned victory at Poltava (June 27/July 8, 1709) marked a turning point. Capitalizing on this event, Bercsényi, on behalf of the prince, engaged in extensive diplomatic activities in 1710–1711 with the tsar’s „traveling chancellery” („походная канцелярия”), to secure the support of Peter I. Primarily seeking military aid, while also hoping for diplomatic backing. Bercsényi conducted negotiations in Poland with the tsar’s envoy there and maintained contacts with key figures in the tsarist government, high-ranking Russian officers, Polish nobles, and others. His negotiations also aimed to facilitate Russian-French rapprochement. The assessment of Bercsényi’s diplomatic activities is not unanimous in either Hungarian or Russian historiography. This study discusses the relevant parts of signifficant publications on the topic, in chronological order, quoting extensively from authors starting from the 19th to the 21st centuries. How did the authors of these publications, with their varying perspectives evaluate Bercsényi’s efforts? In what ways and to what extent did their assessments differ? What new perspectives did they introduce, either pro or contra? These are the questions this study seeks to answer.
Performance Evaluation and Clinical Applications of the SeQure Reflux-Control Microcatheter
Authors: Stibbs Peter , Gold Ronald , O'Malley Steven
Published: February 2025

The SeQure reflux-control microcatheter represents a significant advancement in embolization technology, offering superior control over embolic agent delivery, reduced non-target embolization, and enhanced procedural safety. Its novel anti-reflux mechanism minimizes the unintended distribution of embolic agents, improving procedural outcomes and patient safety.This paper presents a comprehensive review of its performance, integrating preclinical, in vitro, and clinical trial data across multiple embolization procedures, including prostatic artery embolization (PAE), uterine fibroid embolization (UFE), genicular artery embolization (GAE), trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE). The SeQure microcatheter’s ability to prevent embolic reflux enables targeted embolization with high precision, reducing the risk of non-target complications.Studies have consistently demonstrated higher embolization precision (up to 90% accuracy vs. 50% in standard catheters), significant reductions in non-target embolization (75% decrease in published studies), and improved procedural outcomes (20% increase in technical success rates). Furthermore, its trackability and deliverability allow for easier access to tortuous vasculature, reducing fluoroscopy time.
Information Invariance Principle and Reasoning in Euclidean

Geometry and Number Theory
Authors: Amiri Manouchehr
Published: February 2025

This article presents an introduction to a new synthetic logical reasoning method for Euclidean geometrybased on the invariance principle of information (data). Due to this principle, any geometricalconfiguration (shape or entity) in Euclidean geometry possesses a conserved content of geometrical datathat could be expressed as information bits that specifies all the related theorems and true propositions.On the basis of this principle, we explainwhat is the content of these information bits and howis the analysisof this content in Euclidean geometry. We discuss the relationship between bits of information with theuse of straight edge and compass in Euclidean geometry and show that theorems of Euclidean geometrycan be expressed in the term of bits of information. In this regard, we show that the ability to draw a geometricstructure, as well as theorems and propositions related to these structures, can be reduced to therules of the invariance of information bits, and consequently leads to a new reasoning method in Euclideangeometry that can be applied for reasoning algorithms in AI. Based on this principle, the converse of correspondingangles postulate and some of the theorems of constructible numbers and regular polygons areproved with concise proofs. Many theorems about concurrency and collinearity such as concurrency ofmedians, bisectors and altitudes in triangle as well as Pappus and Desargue theorems and Euler line andPoncelet’s closure theorem are proved in the framework of the present theory. In the field of number theory,using the prime number theorem, it is shown that the measure of bit content for integer number nis equal to the prime omega function Ω(n). By definition of Shannon entropy (information) for finding aprime number at the limit n→∞, it is proved that the average of Ω(n) equals the Shannon information(entropy) at this limit.
A representação dos corpos gordos em animações infantis
Authors: Bonini Adair , Campregher Ferreira Daniela , De Melo Ferreira Luiza
Published: February 2025

O corpo é um elemento de expressão cultural que carrega marcas da sociedade da qual faz parte. Ele ocupa um papel central na representação da subjetividade, processo mediado pelo discurso, entendido, neste artigo, como uma dimensão da prática social. A partir de tais pressupostos, o presente trabalho busca fazer uma investigação, embasada na Análise de Discurso Crítica (Chouliaraki; Fairclough, 1999; Fairclough, 2003), das representações dos corpos gordos nas animações das princesas da Disney. Ainda, objetiva levantar relações entre os estereótipos fomentados pelos discursos midiáticos e a construção identitária desses sujeitos na sociedade contemporânea. Para tanto, realizou-se a análise através das três funções apontadas por Fairclough (2003) – representacional, identificacional e acional. A análise evidencia que os discursos da indústria cinematográfica constroem e reforçam estereótipos, sobretudo de gênero e de beleza. Os personagens das animações infantis da Disney que estão fora do padrão de magreza representam apenas figuras secundárias e/ou fortalecem preconceitos sociais.
Seria cômico se não fosse trágico?
Authors: Borges da Silva Dias Aline Milena
Published: February 2025

Este estudo objetiva compreender que elementos constituintes da charge de Jean Galvão operaram, na recepção da charge, a formação do sentido de humor no quadro espacial-temporal da tragédia das enchentes no Rio Grande do Sul e, dessa forma, levaram o trágico a ser lido como cômico obra. A pesquisa inscreve-se na Análise Dialógica do Discurso, fundamentando-se principalmente em referências como Bakhtin (1997, 2002, 2010), Volóchinov (2021), Morson e Emerson (2008), Sobral (2009), Cardoso (2013), Queiroz (2017) e Gonçalves (2017). Para tanto, segue a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritiva. A análise demonstrou que o sentido negativo do humor foi formato pela desassociação, na constituição dos sentidos efetuada durante a leitura, dos planos verbal e visual, diante de um enunciado essencialmente verbo-visual. Ao mesmo tempo, verificou-se que, apesar da recepção negativa da produção, a charge atingiu o seu propósito de provocar a reflexão pública, ainda que, para a adequada compreensão do projeto enunciativo do produtor, tenha sido necessária a sua explicação por parte do próprio produtor.
Luta, messianismo e utopia
Authors: Bonifácio Frederico Rodrigues , Cerqueira Maria Clara Salim
Published: February 2025

O presente texto se centra na história da luta por terra no Brasil buscando demonstrar a indissociabilidade entre as lutas concretas que se efetivaram na formação social brasileira e certo messianismo que ajudou a consubstanciar esses enfrentamentos. Nesse intento, perpassamos pela atuação da Igreja Católica na (re)construção de utopias que guiam as lutas pela reforma agrária brasileira ao menos desde o início da segunda metade do século XX; trazemos apontamentos sobre a criação da Comissão Pastoral da Terra e seu papel na construção de uma utopia do campo e do campesinato brasileiro, e a partir de um resgate histórico da Guerra do Contestado e da Ocupação Caldeirão de Santa Cruz do Deserto, atestamos que o componente utópico-messiânico foi decisivo na luta pela terra no Brasil mesmo quando formalmente a Igreja manteve-se alhures ou avessa a essas lutas.
Where is the noise? Rethinking language, meaning, and noise through a decolonial and crip orientation
Authors:   Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Magnani Luiz Henrique
Published: February 2025

Background: Autism is commonly understood through the lens of non-autistic experts and their ethnocentric and gendered methods, which can reduce its complexity and make some concerns invisible. Autistic people can have different relationships with language, externally understood as "noisy," "nonsense," or even disregarded as linguistic production when manifested (Yergeau 2013, Rodas 2018). As a tacit practice, there is even an acceptable type of noise in spaces such as schools, assumed to be natural or even un‐ perceived as such: bells, shouts, chair drag. In contrast, some types of manifestations that neurodivergent people produce can be easily perceived as incorrect or inappropriate (Wood 2018). Still, Milton's (2012) proposal about the "double empathy problem" can remind us that sometimes the noisy are the others. Roughly, the author maintains that miscommunication between autistic and non-autistic people is a two-way issue caused by difficulties in understanding on both sides involved.
Postavení mezinárodních smluv v právu Evropských společenství
Authors: Svoboda Pavel
Published: February 2025

This article is focused on legal problems arising from the fact that international agreements concluded by the European Community have been acknowledged by the European Court of Justice to form one of the sources of EU law, situated – as to the hierarchy of sources of law – between primary and secondary law. From the point of view of the non-European contracting party, these international agreements are merely usual international agreements. However, in order to fulfil the task of a connecting bridge between the international law and Community law, these international agreements have to abide with legal requirements of both legal orders. Their conformity with EU law is subject to a two-fold review by the European Court of Justice: (1) ex ante review via opinions on conformity of a foreseen international treaty with EU law; and (2) ex post review of validity or interpretation vis-a-vis primary EU law. Ex post review vis-a-vis secondary EU law is not possible because Article 300 § 7 ECT stipulates that these international agreements are binding on i.e., Community bodies. Therefore, no Community body may legally issue a legal act which would not be in compliance with international agreements concluded by the European Community.
Agenturní zaměstnávání v českém právním řádu a praxi
Authors: Pichrt Jan
Published: February 2025

On 9 October 2001, the Private Employment Agencies Convention, No. 181 of the International Labour Organization, came into force in the Czech Republic (hereinafter “the Convention”). The Convention regulates i.e. the area of the so called agency employment, i.e. the services consisting in the engaging by private employment companies of the workers who shall provide services to a third party which can be a natural as well as a juridical person (the so called recipient enterprise), and specifies the workers’ tasks and controls their performance. ln the legal system of the Czech Republic, the regulation of agency work is still missing; however, even though the legal framework for agency employment has not been established in this country, the private employment companies have been operating in the Czech territory for a number of years. After a brief introduction, in its following part the article is concerned with the current policies of the private employment companies in carrying on the agency employment in the territory of the Czech Republic. The article does not confine itself only to analysing this issue from the labour law point of view, but in some contexts, it also looks at selected commercial and tax law aspects of the present practices of the staffing companies in agency employment. Further on, the contribution deals with the proposed regulation of agency employment which is presently in the stage of legislative process as part of the government proposal for the new employment law. Even though the article appreciates as positive the fact of finally having the concept of agency employment regulated in the legal system of the Czech Republic, it, however, is in particular concerned with critical evaluation of some of the items of the proposed legislation and it presents reflections on the character of the regulation and its position in the system. It also reviews some of the legislative measures associated with the agency employment regulation in the proposed bill.
The effect of xylanase on the fine structure of a bleached kraft softwood pulp
Authors: Song Feifei , Guo Wenwen , Qu Yu , Ding Dayong , Hui Lanfeng
Published: February 2025

In this paper, X1 and X2 (two different xylanases), were employed to pretreat oxygen-delignified kraft softwood pulp. X2 could handle unwashed pulp, while X1 needed washed pulp. Subsequently, the effects of two xylanases on the physical properties, microstructure and fiber characteristics of pulp were investigated. Compared to the ECF bleached pulp (OD0EpD1), the brightness (86.9 %ISO), tensile index (28.4 N·m/g) and burst index (1.67 kPa·m2/g) of the ECF bleached pulp treated with X2 xylanase (9 U/g) increased by 2.4 %ISO, 4.8 % and 24.6 %. After X2 xylanase pretreatment, the fiber length of pulp decreased slightly, the content of fine fibers increased, and the water retention value increased. Due to the pretreatment of X2 xylanase, some non-fibrous components and chromophores in the pulp were removed, and the intrinsic viscosity and average molecular weight of the pulp were reduced. The crystallinity of cellulose decreases by 1 %, the fiber surface becomes rough, and voids are created, the specific surface area increases, and the average pore size increases. These findings suggest that enzyme pretreatment is a green and highly effective approach that not only significantly enhances pulping performance but also demonstrates excellent adaptability to complex processing environments and it streamlines the traditional pulping process effectively.
Análise conceitual do termo peregrinação anteparto no contexto da saúde materna e neonatal
Authors: Silva Roger Rodrigues da , Nour Guilherme Frederico Abdul , Moreira William Caracas , Oriá Mônica Oliveira Batista , Damasceno Ana Kelve de Castro , Silva Viviane Martins da , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: analisar conceitualmente o termo peregrinação anteparto no contexto da saúde materna e neonatal. Métodos: análise conceitual para o termo peregrinação anteparto, envolvendo a seleção do conceito, definição dos objetivos, identificação de usos potenciais, determinação de atributos, criação de casos modelo, construção de casos adicionais, identificação de antecedentes, análise consequente e exame empírico de referência. Para elucidar o conceito, foi realizada uma revisão de escopo a partir da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL e Science Direct. Resultados: a análise de conceito foi realizada a partir de 17 artigos incluídos com abordagens variadas sobre a peregrinação anteparto. Todos os estudos foram realizados no Brasil e definiram a peregrinação anteparto como a busca por múltiplos estabelecimentos, busca por vagas, percurso/trajetória da parturiente, procura desnorteada e itinerário anteparto. Conclusão: a análise de conceito realizada evidenciou que a peregrinação anteparto é a busca por assistência perinatal em vários serviços de saúde. Contribuições para a prática: esse estudo viabilizará para a identificação precoce dos fatores de risco a fim de motivar mudanças significativas para a redução da morbimortalidade materna e neonatal ocasionadas por esse problema.
Seed priming with nanoparticles enhances the physio-biochemical traits of Oryza sativa and reduces aflatoxins production
Authors: Gogoi Jyotimoni , Deka Sharmila Dutta , Sharma Priyanka , Borah Prakash , Das Ranjan , Gogoi Smrita , Nath Palash Deb
Published: February 2025

Climate change affects all cereal crops, especially rice, and activates a chain reaction of stressors that can lead to global food shortages. In the northeastern parts of India, small and marginal farmers rely on crops such as rice for both sustenance and income generation. The present investigation was undertaken to assess the performance of rice seeds after seed treatment with nanoparticles. Seeds of ‘PR126’ were treated with oxides of silicon, zinc and titanium nanoparticles at 100, 250, 500 and 750 ppm; there were two controls, dry untreated seeds and hydroprimed seeds. Using standardised techniques, several aspects of seed quality, including germination and vigour were assessed. The low prevalence of seed-borne pathogens in nano-primed seeds compared to unprimed seeds suggested that seed treatments can have a major role in reducing seed-borne pathogens. The ELISA test revealed that primed seeds exhibited lower production of aflatoxin than unprimed seeds. The enhanced results for nanoparticle-mediated seed treatments will add a new dimension to seed priming and contribute to reducing aflatoxins production.
A Study of Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Peeling Household Industrial Waste in Rembang Regency and Its Potential as a Socio-Scientific Issue (SSI) Context in Science Learning
Authors: Winarti Puji , Rahayuningsih Margareta , Mariani Aditya
Published: February 2025

The context Socio Scientific Issue (SSI) for learning is not only a global issue. Local environmental problems have a higher relevance to students' knowledge in learning. This study aims to analyze the potential and impact of crab peelings household industry waste in Rembang Regency and its potential as a SSI context in Science Learning. A descriptive qualitative research method was used in this study. Data collection was conducted using interviews, observation, and literature study. The results showed that the waste of the crab peeling has the potential to be utilized, including as an ingredient for making petis, natural food flavors, sources of calcium and phosphorus in food, ingredients for making organic fertilizers, corrosion bio inhibitors, fish and shrimp feed, metal adsorbents, food preservatives. Crab waste that is not managed properly harms the environment and society including odor contamination, contamination of groundwater and surface water, and as a breeding ground for flies and bacteria which has a serious impact on public health. The environmental problems caused by the waste from the crab peeling household industry in Rembang Regency are controversial social problems, with no immediate solution and require consideration of various factors, such as moral, ethical, cultural, traditional, economic, political, and environmental, and require scientific understanding and community agreement for resolution. Therefore, the study of this matter has the potential to be raised as an SSI context in science learning.
Do women accurately predict their odds of having a child following planned oocyte cryopreservation?
Authors: Friedman Matan , Jaffe Nadine , Tairy Daniel , Torem Maya , Raziel Arieh , Finkelstein Maya , Horowitz Eran , Weissman Ariel , Mizrachi Yossi
Published: February 2025

Graphical abstract

Planned oocyte cryopreservation (POC) has become widely available, allowing women to circumvent age-related fertility decline. The aim of our study was to examine whether women who have undergone POC were able to correctly predict the chance of having a child with their cryopreserved oocytes. We conducted a telephone survey with 260 women who underwent POC at our center between January 2017 and December 2023. Participants were asked to estimate their chance of having at least one live birth in case they would use their cryopreserved oocytes. For each participant, we also calculated the chance of achieving at least one live birth based on her age at the last oocyte retrieval and the number of cryopreserved oocytes, according to a model published by Goldman and colleagues in 2017. The median estimated probability of achieving a live birth was 50%, while the median calculated probability was 75% (P < 0.001). Only 28.1% of the participants accurately estimated their chances. In conclusion, a large percentage of women undergoing POC underestimate the probability of achieving a live birth if they use their cryopreserved oocytes. Improved counseling is essential to provide comprehensive information about the probability of live birth and prevent women from undergoing unnecessary treatments.

Lay summary

More and more women choose to freeze eggs in order to circumvent age-related fertility decline. In this study, we asked women to estimate their chance of having a child if they used their frozen eggs in the future. For each patient, the chance was also calculated based on a model taking into account the number of eggs she had frozen and her age during egg freezing. Surprisingly, women estimated their chance of having a child as being lower than it actually is. Our results highlight the importance of providing patients with clear information about treatment success to prevent them from undergoing unnecessary additional treatments.
ОЦЕНКА ГАЗОКИНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК УГОЛЬНОГО ПЛАСТА ПО ДАННЫМ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ В ГЕРМЕТИЧНОЙ ЕМКОСТИ С БУРОВЫМ ШТЫБОМ
Authors: НАЗАРОВА Л.А. , НАЗАРОВ Л.А. , РОДИН Р.И.
Published: February 2025

Теоретически обоснован и с использованием данных натурных измерений апробирован метод определения газокинетических характеристик угольного пласта: газоносности, коэффициентов диффузии, массообмена и скорости десорбции, что необходимо при разработке технологий выемки залежей угля и утилизации метана. Метод основан на решении обратной задачи в рамках нелинейной модели эмиссии газа из частицы, помещенной в изолированную емкость, по изменению во времени термодинамических параметров (давления и температуры) в герметичной емкости с буровым штыбом. Анализ модели показал, что отношение концентраций метана в емкости в различные моменты времени не зависит от газоносности. Это дает возможность разработать и численно реализовать двухэтапный алгоритм: сначала из решения обратной коэффициентной задачи определяются коэффициенты диффузии, массообмена и скорости десорбции, затем с минимизацией специальным образом построенного функционала - газоносность. Натурные данные получены с использованием штыба при бурении шпура на одной из действующих шахт Кузбасса посредством измерения давления и температуры в пяти емкостях в течение 10 сут. Их интерпретация позволила оценить остаточное содержание метана на исследуемом участке пласта - 4 кг/м3.

The authors theoretically substantiated and, using in-situ measurements, proved the method of determining kinetic characteristics for coal bed gas: content, diffusion factor, mass exchange and rate of desorption. These data are required for the development of technologies of coal mining and methane utilization. The method involves solution of an inverse problem within the framework of a nonlinear model of gas emission from a particle placed in an isolated container, using the data on time change in thermodynamic parameters (pressure and temperature) in a sealed canister with coal chippings. The model analysis shows that ratio of methane concentrations at different moments of time is independent of gas content. This enables development and numerical implementation of a two stage algorithm: first, by solving an inverse problem with time-dependent coefficients, the factors of diffusion, mass exchange and desorption are found; then, with minimization of a special function, the gas content is determined. The in-situ data are obtained using coal chippings from drilling in an operating mine in Kuzbass, by means of measurement of pressure and temperature in five canisters for 10 days. The interpretation of the data made it possible to assess the methane content in the test coalbed site as 4 kg/m3.
ПОТЕРЯ НЕСУЩЕЙ СПОСОБНОСТИ ПЕСЧАНОГО ОСНОВАНИЯ ТЯЖЕЛОЙ КОЛОННЫ И ЗАГЛУБЛЕННОЙ В СЫПУЧУЮ СРЕДУ ПЛАСТИНЫ ПРИ МНОГОКРАТНЫХ СЛАБЫХ УДАРНЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ
Authors: КОСЫХ В.П. , МИКЕНИНА О.А.
Published: February 2025

Приведены результаты экспериментов и численных расчетов по исследованию устойчивости тяжелой колонны, установленной на поверхности сыпучей среды, и заглубленной пластины. Колонна и пластина нагружались допредельной статической нагрузкой. На сыпучую среду воздействовали многократными слабыми ударами. В лабораторных экспериментах установлено, что при таких нагружениях сыпучая среда постепенно эволюционирует к критическому состоянию и происходит потеря сдвиговой прочности. Скорость приближения к критическому состоянию растет с увеличением числа ударов. Критическое число ударов до разрушения среды подчиняется логнормальному распределению. Наиболее вероятное значение критического числа ударов экспоненциально увеличивается при уменьшении статической нагрузки. Численное моделирование потери устойчивости заглубленной в сыпучую среду пластины методом дискретных элементов дают качественно совпадающие с экспериментом результаты.

The article describes the stability testing and calculation results for a heavy column set on the surface of a granular medium, and for a plate buried in the granular medium. The column and plate were exposed to a pre-limiting static load. The granular medium was subjected to multiple weak impacts. The lab-scale tests determined that under such loading, the granular medium evolved gradually to the critical condition and lost the shearing strength. The rate of approaching the critical condition grows with the number of impacts. The critical number of impacts before failure of the medium obeys the log-normal distribution. The most probable value of the critical impact number increases exponentially with the decrease in the static load. The DEM-based modeling of the stability loss in the plate buried in the granular medium yielded the results that qualitatively coincided with the test data.
КОРРЕЛЯЦИОННАЯ СВЯЗЬ ТВЕРДОСТИ ТРАВЕРТИНА ПО ЛИБУ С ЕГО ПРОЧНОСТЬЮ НА ОДНООСНОЕ СЖАТИЕ
Authors: ОЗДЕМИР Э. , ДОЛМАЗ О.
Published: February 2025

Определены плотность, пористость, скорость P-волны и твердость по Либу на примере образцов из различных карьеров Турции. Выполнена оценка их корреляции с прочностью на одноосное сжатие. Между физико-механическими свойствами и прочностью на одноосное сжатие установлена экспоненциальная зависимость. Наибольшая корреляция выявлена между прочностью на одноосное сжатие и твердостью по Либу, коэффициент корреляции составил 0.91.

Density, porosity, P-wave velocity and Leeb hardness were determined for travertine samples from different quarries in Turkey, and the relationship of these properties with uniaxial compressive strength values was evaluated. Exponential relationships were obtained between UCS and physical and mechanical properties of test samples. The strongest relationship was obtained between UCS and the Leeb hardness, at the correlation factor R2 0.91.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ ГБК-Ф ПРИ ФИЛЬТРАЦИИ ПО СХЕМЕ РАЗНЕСЕННОГО ДИПОЛЯ С ЦЕЛЬЮ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ НЕФТЕОТДАЧИ ПЛАСТОВ
Authors: ПЕНЬКОВСКИЙ В.И. , КОРСАКОВА Н.К. , АЛТУНИНА Л.К. , КУВШИНОВ В.А.
Published: February 2025

Построена физическая модель нефтяного пласта, состоящая из двух стеклянных пластин прямоугольной формы. Пространство между пластинами заполнено аналогичной по химическому составу пластин стеклянной крошкой. Модель позволяет исследовать фильтрацию флюидов по схеме разнесенного диполя из двух симметрично расположенных относительно центра скважин. Для имитации скважин в верхней пластине просверлены отверстия. Эксперименты проведены с целью оценки увеличения нефтеотдачи пластов в случае применения композиции ГБК-Ф. Получены зависимости расхода от времени на откачной скважине и доли воды в общем объеме флюидов. Исследовано влияние паузы в режиме фильтрации на картину распределения нефти в пласте после воздействия композиции ГБК-Ф. Подтверждена эффективность применения реагента.

An oil reservoir is simulated by a model composed of two rectangular glass plates. The space between the plates is filled with glass chips of the similar chemical composition as the plates have. The model allows studying fluid flow in the spaced dipole array representing two wells located symmetrically relative to a certain center. The wells are simulated by holes drilled in the upper plate. The experimentation aimed to assess potential oil recovery enhancement in case of using GBK-F composition. The dependences of fluid flow rate on time in the pumping well, and on the water percentage in the overall fluid volume are obtained. The influence of the intermission in the fluid flow on the oil pattern in the reservoir after treatment with GBK-F composition is analyzed. The efficiency of the reagent is proved.
РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДИКИ ВЫБОРА СОЧЕТАНИЯ СОБИРАТЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОГО ЭФФЕКТА ВО ФЛОТАЦИИ
Authors: КОНДРАТЬЕВ С.А. , СЕМЬЯНОВА Д.В.
Published: February 2025

Установлена связь между синергизмом сочетания анионных и неионогенных реагентов в понижении ими поверхностного натяжения раствора с синергетическим эффектом собирателей во флотации. Показано, что указанные эффекты имеют одну природу. Предложена гипотеза проявления синергизма во флотации, основанная на механизме работы физической формы сорбции собирателя в элементарном акте. Приведены экспериментальные доказательства соответствия мольных концентраций реагентов в понижении поверхностного натяжения раствора смеси и максимального извлечения полезного компонента в концентрат. Рассмотрены причины возможного отсутствия синергетического эффекта во флотации при использовании катионного и анионного собирателей, когда указанный эффект наблюдается в понижении ими поверхностного натяжения раствора. Установлена необходимость учета энергетического взаимодействия собирателя с минералом и окружающей средой. Для анализа изменения смачиваемости минералов реагентами показана возможность применения подхода, основанного на теории Лифшица -Ван-дер Ваальса и кислотно-основного взаимодействия контактирующих объектов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке методик подбора сочетаний собирателей и эффективных реагентных режимов флотационного обогащения полезных ископаемых.

It is found that synergism of combination of anionic and nonionic surfactants in reduction of surface tension is connected with their synergetic effect in flotation. These effects have the same nature. The proposed hypothesis of synergism in flotation is based on the mechanism of physisorption of a collector in particle-bubble attachment. The conformity of mole concentrations of surfactants and maximal extraction of useful component to concentrate is experimentally proved. The causes of possible lack of the synergetic effect generated by cationic and anionic collectors in flotation when this effect is observed in reduction of surface tension are discussed. It is found to be necessary to take into account the interaction energy of a collector, mineral and an ambient. The analysis of change in wettability of minerals due to reagents can involve an approach using the Lifshitz theory of Van der Waals force and the acid-base interaction of contact objects. The findings can be used to develop procedures for selecting collectors and efficient reagent modes for mineral flotation.
Características y sobrevida del donante renal en un hospital peruano
Authors: Ponce-Reyna Treysi , Amado-Tineo José
Published: February 2025

El riñón es un órgano trasplantable. Muchas veces proviene de donantes vivos, en Perú hay pocos reportes sobre la sobrevida de estos pacientes. Objetivo. Identificar las características de donantes renales en un hospital de referencia de Lima-Perú. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo en donantes de riñón de un hospital entre 2015 y 2021. Realizamos un seguimiento en el sistema de registro institucional hasta diciembre de 2022. La tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) (mL/min/1.73m2) fue calculada con la ecuación modificada de cuatro parámetros MDRD-6 y, la clasificación de enfermedad renal crónica fue medida en cinco estadios. Resultados. De 305 trasplantes renales, 44,9% fue en mujeres y 15,5% en menores de 18 años. El 34,4% de los trasplantes correspondieron a donante vivo (105 casos), quienes tuvieron un rango de edad entre 25 a 65 años (mediana 41, rango intercuartílico 19), de sexo femenino (52,4%) y padres del receptor 46, 7%. El tiempo de sobrevida desde la donación (supervivencia) fue 5,14 años (DE 2,33) con un rango de 1 a 9 años, con TFG mayor a 60% en el 85,7% de los pacientes. No hubo registros de fallecidos. Conclusiones. El 45% de los trasplantes renales provinieron de donante vivo, los donantes tuvieron una mediana de edad de 41 años, con vínculo sanguíneo directo (mayormente padres del receptor). El periodo de seguimiento promedio fue 5,14 años.
Verdaderos y falsos positivos a pruebas para tamizaje de VIH en tres algoritmos peruanos, 2023
Authors: Miranda Ulloa Eduardo , Romero Ruiz Soledad , Briceño Espinoza Ronal , Suárez Agüero Dilan , Mamani Huamán Edgardo , Acuña Maribel
Published: February 2025

Son escasos los países que evalúan el rendimiento de sus algoritmos. Objetivo. Determinar la proporción de verdaderos y falsos positivos a pruebas de tamizaje de VIH en tres algoritmos peruanos, 2023. Métodos. Comparamos los resultados serológicos de tamizaje y confirmación de los algoritmos convencional, nuevo y un último algoritmo recomendado por la OMS. Resultados. Se estudió 4030 pacientes; algoritmo convencional, de 3027 personas reactivas a una prueba de tamizaje, un 88,3% (2742/3027) fueron positivas a la prueba serológica confirmatoria (verdaderos positivos), correspondiendo un 11,7% (355/3027) de falsos positivos. Algoritmo nuevo, de 951 personas reactivas a dos pruebas de tamizaje, un 92,6% (881/951) fueron verdaderos positivos y 7,4% (70/951) falsos positivos; el último algoritmo no presentó falsos positivos (0/52) a tres pruebas de tamizajes reactivas. Conclusión. Los algoritmos convencional y nuevo son fiables, pero debe considerarse en el algoritmo nuevo, la confirmación serológica cuando la carga viral sea indetectable; recomendamos que en los lugares donde las pruebas confirmatorias no estén disponibles, se procesen las muestras con tres metodologías diferentes.
Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 de inicio tardío y ataxia cerebelosa autoinmune con antiglutamatodescarboxilasa
Authors: Ildefonso-Najarro Sofía Pilar , Quiroz-Aldave Juan Eduardo , Ramos-Torres Guillermo , Román-González Alejandro , Fuentes-Mendoza Jenyfer María , Concepción-Zavaleta Marcio , Concepción-Urteaga Luis Alberto
Published: February 2025

La variante de la ataxia cerebelosa asociada con anticuerpos contra la descarboxilasa de ácido glutámico 65 (GAD-Ab) está relacionada con la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1). Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 63 años con ataxia cerebelosa de causa no identificada, que luego fue diagnosticada con DM1 y, gracias a la identificación de GAD-Ab en el líquido cefalorraquídeo, se demostró la asociación entre ambas patologías. El diagnóstico requiere demostrar el aumento en la síntesis intratecal de GAD-Ab. Resaltamos la importancia de considerar dentro de las causas de ataxia cerebelosa a la asociada con GAD-Ab, a fin de brindar un tratamiento oportuno y efectivo.
Caracterización Geoquímica del Elemento Zinc en la Mina Toquepala y sus implicancias en el tratamiento metalúrgico
Authors: Cossío Sánchez Diego , Rivera Mantilla Hugo
Published: February 2025

The investigation based on the implications of zinc in the metallurgical treatment of copper in the Toquepala Mine, present in this type of deposit, was based on the knowledge of the characteristics and geochemical behavior of zinc and Cu-Mo-Fe-As- Pb, starting from the definition of geological domains based on the domains of lithology, alteration, mineralization and presence of gypsum, arriving to determine that the geochemical characteristics are different in each geological domain, being more favorable in the concentration and recovery of copper, domains Geological characteristics of low zinc, iron, arsenic and lead elements, and also with the presence of gypsum / anhydrite contents. The correct determination of the parameters of the descriptive statistics of the elements Zn-Cu-Mo-Fe-As-Pb is fundamental to be able to characterize the domains and to make an optimal classification of the geological material for its shipment to the metallurgical plant. The knowledge of the spatial distribution of the zinc and the Cu-Mo-Fe-As-Pb elements gives a broader view of the location of the zones of greater concentration of each element in order to make a better estimation of mining resources.