bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time trends of resistance training practice in Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2018: An ecological time-series study
Authors: Bastos Murilo , Guarnieri Suéli , Paludo Ana Carolina , Stein Angelica Miki , Silva Danilo Fernandes da , Witeck Italo , Silva Michael Pereira
Published: August 2024

Regular physical exercise is mandatory for health, regardless of the modality. However, it is recommended to include resistance exercises in addition to aerobic exercises. The study aimed to verify the time trends of the resistance training practice in a representative sample of Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2018. The ecological time-series study used the secondary data obtained from the Risk Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases (VIGITEL) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The search resulted in a representative sample of 677,819 Brazilian adults from 18 to 120 years old. The resistance training practice was self-reported. Analyses were performed in the overall sample as well as by age groups. Prais-Winsten regressions were used to analyze the time trends, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. In the overall sample, there was an annual growth rate (AGR) of 0.47% (95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.03; 0.90, p= 0.03) in resistance training practice. For the age groups, we found a significant increase in resistance training practice over time in those aged 35-54 years (AGR = 0.65%; 95% CI = 0.44; 0.86, p= 0.001), 55-64 years (AGR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.23; 0.58, p=0.001) and ≥ 65 years (AGR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.07; 0.37, p = 0.007). Based on the results, the resistance training practice increased among Brazilians from 2006 to 2018, particularly among those over 35 years old
Prática pedagógica docente na construção e implementação coletivas de proposta curricular de Educação Física Escolar
Authors: Zanata Yure Barreto , Nascimento Juarez Vieira do
Published: August 2024

Práticas pedagógicas docentes e propostas curriculares compõem aspectos entrelaçados, porém na Educação Física parece haver um descompasso entre ambas. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a prática pedagógica docente de duas professoras e um professor que buscavam elaborar e implementar coletivamente uma proposta curricular de Educação Física para o ensino fundamental em escolas públicas na cidade de Porto Velho-RO. A metodologia consistiu de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida entre os meses de junho e novembro de 2023, por meio de grupo focal, entrevistas, análise documental e anotações em diário de campo. Na análise dos dados foi empregada a análise temática reflexiva, da qual emergiram temas e subtemas. As evidências revelaram dois temas abrangentes: atitudes docentes (com subtemas atitudes ativas, reativas e passivas, inertes) e fontes que modulam (com os subtemas fatores diretos/imediatos e indiretos/mediatos). Concluiu-se que a prática pedagógica é afetada e/ou modulada por diversos fatores, ocasionando um sincretismo pedagógico na prática docente. A sistematização curricular é vista como importante pelos docentes, porém é precedida por outras demandas. As percepções dos docentes acerca do desenvolvimento da própria prática pedagógica foram incrementadas, evidenciando a importância da reflexão crítica e participação coletiva.
Mental health and physical activity during the outbreak of COVID-19: Analysis of rapid response research using a systematic review
Authors: Aguirre-Loaiza Haney , Mejía Antonio , Osorio-Cualdron Juliana , Ospina-Cano Sarah , Nanez Jonathan , Cobo-Angel Claudia
Published: August 2024

The rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic changed people’s lives abruptly, causing decreased physical activity (PA). This situation led to an array of studies exploring the impact of restrictions on mental health (MH) and the potential benefits of PA. We aimed to evaluate how the rapid research response generated adequate evidence for guiding the response to COVID-19 restrictions, in order to inform evidence-generating responses in future health emergencies. For this, a systematic review was conducted, encompassing 17 articles published during the first six months of the pandemic (March to August 2020), with a predominant focus on MH and its association with PA. A positive association between PA and MH, particularly regarding depression, stress, and well-being, was observed in the literature. However, the variation in outcomes and the influence of contextual factors underscored the need for better methodological consensus in emergency research. A noticeable gap in published research from certain regions highlighted concerns about equitable representation. This disparity could introduce bias, due to a substantial proportion of available research originated from industrialized and developed nations. Importantly, the published research during the first six months predominantly emphasized morbidity in the assessment of MH, though evidence advocates for a more holistic approach. As the world continues to face unforeseen crises, these findings suggest that emergency research must account for context diversity and promote a more comprehensive understanding of MH beyond psychopathological symptoms. This approach is essential for maximizing the impact of research resources in emergency response and ensuring equitable scientific representation.
Preocupações relacionadas à docência: percepções de bolsistas de iniciação à docência em educação física
Authors: Souza Gabriel Costa de , Martins Alessandra Catarina , Araldi Franciane Maria , Duek Viviane Preichardt , Farias Gelcemar de Oliveira , Folle Alexandra
Published: August 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as preocupações de bolsistas de iniciação à docência em Educação Física participantes de edição realizada durante o isolamento social da Covid-19. Participaram da investigação oito bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência do subprojeto Educação Física da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC). A coleta e a análise das informações ocorreram por meio da Técnica de Investigação Qualitativa - Entrevista, Transcrição, Categorização e Interpretação. Os resultados revelaram que as preocupações com a tarefa e consigo se apresentaram mais evidentes entre os bolsistas, tanto no início quanto no final da participação no programa. No início, os bolsistas se preocupavam com questões relacionadas à comunicação, ao receio de fracassar, à experiência no ensino remoto e às mudanças na Educação advindas da pandemia, além de se preocuparem com a tarefa no que tange ao controle de turma e dos estudantes. Ao final, prevaleceram preocupações consigo de insegurança e ansiedade, além de preocupações com a tarefa em termos de planejamento das aulas. Observou-se que as preocupações consigo diminuíram ao longo da participação no projeto, dando maior espaço às preocupações com a tarefa.
Stress Fields Distribution and Simulation in 3C-SiC Resonators
Authors: Scuderi Viviana , Muoio Annamaria , Sapienza Sergio , Ferri Matteo , Belsito Luca , Roncaglia Alberto , La Via Francesco
Published: August 2024

In this paper the stress field distribution in 3C-SiC (111) resonators has been studied by micro-Raman measurements and COMSOL simulations. The measurements show that the asymmetry of the anchor points configuration produce an asymmetry in the stress filed distribution. This behavior has been confirmed also by the simulations. Furthermore, from the simulations the importance of the reduction of the under etching of the anchor points of the resonators has also been observed. In fact the reduction of this under etch produces a decrease of the stress in the double clamped beams, a small reduction of the resonance frequency, and a large reduction of the Q-factor and then of the oscillation frequency stability of the resonators in closed-loop operation.
Demonstration of Low Interface Trap Density (~3×1011eV-1cm-2) SiC/SiO2 MOS Capacitor with Excellent Performance Using H2+NO POA Treatment for SiC Power Devices
Authors: Chand Umesh , Bera Lakshmi Kanta , Singh Navab , Fidler Tamara , Schmid Patrick , Kumar Shiv , Voo Qin Gui Roth , Yeo Abdul Hannan , Cakmak Huseyin , Ranjan Akhil , Reddy Vudumula Pavan , Camalleri Marco , Scalia Laura , Saggio Mario , Guarnera Alfio , Teoh Mooi Kun , Castorina Maurizio , Chung Surasit
Published: August 2024

In this work, we report on the engineering of the SiC/SiO2 MOS interface using H2 treatments along with NO POA to improve the interface characteristics and device reliability. Significantly low Dit of 3×1011 eV-1cm-2, stable threshold voltage, and long gate oxide lifetime > 105 s have been achieved by H2 annealing before NO POA of thermal SiO2. Through device electrical characterization and material analysis, we show that the performance enhancement is due to the reduction of interface defects and trapped charges in the SiO2 surface layer after the POA treatment, which in turn, significantly suppresses the threshold voltage instability.
Hydrogen Etching Process of 4H-SiC (0001) in Limited Regions
Authors: Mancuso Alfio , Boninelli Simona , Camarda Massimo , Fiorenza Patrick , Mio Antonio , Scuderi Viviana , Godignon Philippe , Aslanidou Sofia , Calcagno Lucia , La Via Francesco
Published: August 2024

In this work we have studied hydrogen etching of Silicon Carbide (SiC) chips at high temperatures and in confined limited regions, to elucidate and control the formation and propagation of terraces on the surface of SiC (0001) 4° off-axis samples. This process is very important for the development of high-power transistors. The effects of process parameters on the etching of 4H-SiC (0001) have been extensively investigated using several types of surface analysis (Atomic Force Microscopies (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). We correlated the growth of terraces with etching temperature and time. Moreover, we found the average width of terraces increases decreasing the dimension of the structure from 20 µm to 1 µm using the same process parameters. The nanofacet formation of typical hill-and-valley structure has been observed in localized region on SiC (0001) basal plane.
Emission of Trapped Electrons from the 4H-SiC/SiO2-Interface via Photon-Irradiance at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Weger Magdalena , Bockstedte Michel , Pobegen Gregor
Published: August 2024

For a reliable MOSFET performance it is crucial to identify and reduce device performance limiting 4H-SiC/SiO2interface defects. Previous studies have focused on the quantification of the interface states density, however, the atomic defect structure is still to be investigated. Here, we introduce a new approach based on opto-electrical measurements, which allow to determine the energetic position of interface defects. The measurement routine is performed at cryogenic temperatures to suppress the thermal emission of electrons, which were trapped at interface states during the cooldown processed (from 300 K to 15 K) while a positive gate voltage of 50 V was applied. At 15 K the photon-assisted emission of trapped electrons is measured in dependence on the photon’s energy (1.8 eV-3 eV). The reduction of the threshold voltage is taken as an indicator for the amount of released charges after each photon irradiation. We found an enhanced emission efficiency at certain photon energies, especially at 2.8 eV. Near-interface-traps (NITs), reported by Afanasevet al.are located close to the measuredtrap level with ENIT= EC, SiO2−2.77(5) eV. Recently, El-Sayedet al.suggested wide-angle O-Si-Obonds as defect configuration, that act as electron traps and have a similar energy as the measure traplevel.
Low-Ohmic Nickel Contacts on N-Type 4H-SiC by Surface Roughness Dependent Laser Annealing Energy Density Optimization
Authors: Hellinger Carsten , Rommel Mathias , Bauer Anton J.
Published: August 2024

In this work, the influence of different surface roughness and surface treatments on the minimum energy density required to form low-ohmic nickel contacts on n-type 4H-SiC by laser annealing was investigated. The annealing was performed by a frequency-tripled Nd:YVO4 laser with a pulse duration of 50 ns. To evaluate the effects, the grinded or polished C-side of 4H-SiC wafers with surface roughness between 0.3 and 70 nm was sputter-deposited with nickel and subsequent laser annealed. Sheet resistance measurements showed that the minimum energy density required to achieve a low-resistance contact depends significantly on the surface roughness. The rougher the surface, the lower the minimum energy density to form a low-ohmic contact.
Dopant Activation Comparison in Phosphorus and Nitrogen Implanted 4H-Silicon Carbide
Authors: Das Suman , Lichtenwalner Daniel J. , Dixit Hemant , Rogers Steven , Scholze Andreas , Ryu Sei Hyung
Published: August 2024

Bulk mobility and dopant activation of implanted species into 4H-SiC plays a crucial role in the carrier conduction, blocking behavior, and channel properties of a 4H-SiC vertical power MOSFET. Nitrogen and phosphorus ion implantation became the norm as n-type dopants for 4H-SiC. Therefore, the doping and temperature behavior of both species in 4H-SiC needs to be well characterized. In this study, we report a comparison in electrical characteristics between nitrogen and phosphorus implanted 4H-SiC as a function of temperature for various doping levels. For this purpose, 4-point van der Pauw samples are prepared, resistivity and Hall measurements are conducted. We found that resistivities drop as temperature increases from 140 K with phosphorus having higher resistivities at all implanted doping concentrations. The carrier concentrations increase with increase of temperature, indicating incomplete ionization of dopants. Mobilities drop at low temperature due to increased impurity scattering, reaches a peak near 300 K and drops at higher temperature due to increased phonon scattering. From the obtained data, using a two-level charge neutrality equation, the activation percentage and ionization energies of dopants in hexagonal and cubic sites for both species are extracted and compared.
Comparative Study of the Self-Aligned Channel Processes for 4H-SiC VDMOSFET
Authors: Hsiao Jui Tse , Hung Chia Lung , Hsiao Yi Kai , Tsui Bing Yue
Published: August 2024

In this study, a novel self-aligned process is proposed to reduce the specific channel resistance, and the electrical characteristics affected by process variation are also verified through TCAD simulation. Also, when compared to other self-aligned processes, the process introduced in this paper offers the advantages of stable electrical characteristics and lower process costs.
Plasma Treatment after NiSi-Based Ohmic Contact Formation on 4H-SiC to Enhance Adhesion of Subsequent Backside Metallization
Authors: Becker Tom , Hellinger Carsten , Fuchs Alesa , Koerfer Julien , Rusch Oleg
Published: August 2024

To achieve low on-resistance in any vertical 4H-SiC semiconductor power device, it is essential to create a suitable ohmic contact on the corresponding n-doped SiC substrate. In particular after wafer thinning, a common technology to reduce substrate resistivity, laser annealing for ohmic contact formation on the wafer backside is the only option due to temperature sensitive materials (such as Titanium or Aluminum) on the partially or fully processed wafer frontside. In this work, to solve adhesion issues of the backside metallization, plasma treatments, as easy to integrate process steps, were examined. By stripping obstructive carbon layers, formed after ohmic contact laser annealing, and without damaging the wafer frontside, an enhanced adhesion of following metallization layers was achieved. Both O2- and H2-plasma processes were investigated and demonstrated significant improvements to the adhesion of metallization stacks on the wafer backside compared to untreated surfaces and without drawbacks in the ohmic contact quality.
Editorial
Authors: Weerakoon Shyama R.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
Phytochemical constituents in Kithul (Caryota urens) and its medical significance: A mini review
Authors: Dulmini A. D. Theeshya , Perera Sarath D.
Published: August 2024

Kithul (fishtail/toddy palm) tree is scientifically known as Caryota urens. It is an economically and medicinally significant plant native to tropical Asia. This plant consists of major phytochemical constituents including polyphenols (e.g., caffeoylquinic acids, caffeoylshikimic acids, etc.), flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, eriocitrin, etc.), amino acids, fatty acids, phytosterols and sugars. The phloem sap of Kithul tree, collected from the tapped inflorescence is called sweet toddy and it is mainly used to prepare an alcoholic beverage, commonly known as Kithul toddy. Phloem sap is also used to produce treacle and jaggary. Kithul toddy is obtained by fermenting the sap while treacle is made by heating the fresh sap. In the pith of the tree, the sap is stored as starch, and this is later transformed into flour. Phytochemicals present in Kithul roots, leaves, bark, seeds, flowers, and sap exhibit medicinal properties such as anti-diabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, libido-enhancing ability, etc. Hence, the parts of Kithul tree are used as traditional and Ayurvedic medicine to treat many different conditions such as rheumatic swelling, snake bite poisoning, tooth ailments, anemia, jaundice, etc. The main scope of this article is to review major phytochemical constituents in Kithul plant and how its medicinal properties benefit the world.
Avoiding Obstacles during Approach: DVE-Mitigation Flight Trials and Beyond
Authors:   DLR - German Aerospace Center, Zimmermann Michael ,   HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH, Klasen Stephanus , Gestwa Martin , Lederle Andreas
Published: August 2024

Helicopter landings on unprepared sites can quickly become a challenging task. Especially when environmental factors reduce the available visual cues for the pilot, the risk of disorientation increases. Motivated by avoiding accidents during helicopter approaches, a novel pilot assistance system was developed by a workgroup from the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and HENSOLDT Sensors GmbH. The research system combines 3D conformal tunnel-in-the-sky symbology with dynamic path updates driven by a laser sensor. In early 2017, the system was evaluated in flight using DLR's research rotorcraft Active Control Technology/Flying Helicopter Simulator (ACT/FHS). The workgroup was tasked to participate in flight trials with U.S. and Swiss teams during the NATO sponsored flight trials within the scope of the DVE-Mitigation (DVE-M) program. In this program, international efforts in the development of systems for enhanced situational awareness during DVE are supported. The evaluation of the system during the DVE-M trials included approaches which were obstructed by a truck with a 20m high man lift. Four external test pilots participated in the evaluations. Following the positive results obtained during these trials, two further flights were conducted in local scenery at Braunschweig/Wolfsburg airport, including a construction site with a hangar and a crane. Results of these six flights are presented and discussed in detail.
Alternative Multi-Core Processor Considerations for Aviation
Authors:   Rockwell Collins Inc., Gerhold Scott , Dunham Mike , Sletteland Branden
Published: August 2024

Power Architecture® processors have dominated aviation safety-critical processing since the late 1990s, when major processing vendors exited the MIL-qualified and/or aviation-certified markets. Since that time, four trends have emerged:
1. Military and commercial safety certification has become more rigorous
2. Server/desktop architectures have focused on performance at the expense of determinism
3. System-on-Chip (SoC) architectures are offered, with multiple processing cores (multicore) in a single package to increase performance over single-core processors
4. The industrial automation industry is increasing safety requirements for autonomous manufacturing, and the automotive industry is offering driver assistance, including autonomous operation, creating a large market for relatively low-power, high-integrity processing

Although the Power Architecture will remain a viable aviation processor technology for some time, new-to-our-industry processing products and architectures are poised to enter (or re-enter) the aviation market. Automotive and aviation markets require similar capabilities that make the avionics market attractive to processing vendors currently supplying the automotive market:
• Longer product availability lifetimes (5-15 years) than consumer/server-grade processors
• Low power draw
• Extended temperature operation
• High safety integrity

This paper introduces the microprocessor industry support and certification issues. High-level activities to bring safetycritical products to civil and military aviation using Multi-Core Processors (MCPs) are also discussed, based on current Rockwell Collins MCP civil aviation development, with all cores operational, supporting Design Assurance Level (DAL) A. A high-level comparison between automotive and civil /military aviation safety requirements will be discussed. The leading alternative processing architectures are introduced with their history and their vendor’s interest and activities in support of the aviation market. Next steps are described in the areas of MCP certification, alignment of automotive/avionics safety requirements, and potential vendor activities. Finally, our conclusions are summarized.
The Evaluation of Anthropomorphic Test Device Response under Vertical Loading
Authors:   NASA Langley Research Center, Littell Justin , Annett Martin
Published: August 2024

During the winter of 2018, a series of vertical tests was conducted on three sizes of Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs) for the evaluation of their vertical loading response. The three sizes of ATDs represented a 5th percentile female, a 50th percentile male, and a 95th percentile male. There were two variations of the 50th percentile male as defined in 49 CFR Part 572: a Hybrid II and an FAA Hybrid III.
Tests were conducted on a drop tower located at NASA Langley Research Center's (LaRC) Landing and Impact Research (LandIR) Facility. The ATDs were seated on 14 CFR § 25.562 certified seats, in either a triple (window, middle and aisle) or a double (window and aisle) seat configuration, with seat leg spacing replicating a Fokker F28 MK-1000 aircraft. The seat and ATDs were attached to a drop plate on the tower, which was lifted to a height of 14 ft. The system was dropped onto different sections of crushable foam wedges to achieve multiple input deceleration environments. The purpose of the tests was to evaluate the differences in lumbar response, to examine scaling characteristics from sizing factors in the ATDs, and also to compare the results to computer simulation efforts. Results will be presented and comparisons will be discussed.
Aeroelastic Stability Analysis of Stiff-in-plane Hingeless Rotors
Authors:   US Army Research Laboratory, Kang Hao , Glaz Bryan
Published: August 2024

Aeroelastic stability of stiff-in-plane hingeless rotors is investigated using the comprehensive analysis RCAS. Aeroelastic stability analysis of stiff-in-plane rotors in hover is compared to experimental measurements that shows an overall fair to good agreement for various rotor parameters. The analysis reveals that blade lead-lag damping decreases sharply and the blades become aeroelastically unstable when the blades stall. Stiff-in-plane rotor aeroelastic stability analysis in forward flight is compared to a previous numerical study. Then, using the rotor models as a baseline, a parametric study is performed for various rotor parameters including aerodynamic models, rotor speed, rotor thrust, lead-lag frequency, precone, contol system flexibility, and tip sweep. The parametric study covers lead-lag frequencies of stiff-in-plane rotors from 1.1 /rev to 1.4 /rev with a flap and a torsional frequencies of 1.15 /rev and 3.0 /rev. The parametric study shows that blade lead-lag mode of the stiff-in-plane hingeless rotors tends to become aeroelastically unstable at high advance ratios. Blade lead-lag damping of the stiff-in-plane rotors decrease as the lead-lag frequencies increase from 1.1 /rev to 1.4 /rev. Aeroelastic stability boundaries (advance ratio) increase as the rotor speed increases for a fixed rotor lift. Aeroelastic stability boundaries increase as the rotor lift decreases for a fixed rotor speed. Aerodynamic stall demonstrates significant effects on aeroelastic stability of stiff-in-plane hingeless rotors.
Loss of Lubrication Testing
Authors:   The Boeing Company, Kozachyn Mark ,   Wedeven Associates, Black Bill ,   Pennsylvania State University, McIntyre Sean , Robuck Mark , Sahay Vishwanath , Isaacson Aaron
Published: August 2024

'Loss of Lube' testing was conducted to experimentally evaluate benefits of Lubricants and Coatings to extend the time to failure for gears and bearings that are experiencing a loss of lubrication event. In this project, the testing of Loss of Lubrication technologies were divided into two categories; Ball-on-Disk screening testing and Gear Specimen Testing.
The Ball-on-Disk screening tests were performed at Wedeven Associates using their patented WAM testing apparatus. The screening tests were divided into three 'waves' of testing which consisted of lubricant tests (Wave 1), coating tests (Wave 2) and lubricant-coating refinement testing (Wave 3). Wave 3 testing used the best performing lubricants and coatings from Wave 1 and Wave 2, respectively, to establish consistent results and identify any potential anomalous results from the first two waves of screening testing.
The second portion of this study was to perform actual loss of lubrication testing on spur gears at Penn State's Gear Research Institute. Using the data obtained from the Ball-on-Disk screening tests, 3.5" PD spur gears of various base material steels were fabricated, many of them with coated teeth, and subjected to loss of lubrication conditions under load to assess their ability to perform without proper lubrication.
Quantifying the Impact of Correlation between Reliability and Prognostics and Health Management on Accuracy, Safety, and Cost
Authors:   University of Massachusetts, Nagaraju Vidhyashree ,   U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Spero Eric , Fiondella Lance , Bhattacharya Saikath , Ghoshal Anindya
Published: August 2024

Classical reliability modeling methods such as reliability block diagrams and fault trees express system reliability in terms of the reliability of the constituent subsystems and the architecture of that system. In recent years, prognostics and health management (PHM) has emerged as a promising method to combine sensing and algorithms to estimate important measures of reliability such as the probability that a subsystem possesses sufficient remaining useful life to conduct a mission without failure. This is especially important for mission critical systems. However, methods from classical reliability do not explicitly consider PHM. To overcome this limitation, this paper develops a modeling approach to consider reliability outcomes as well as PHM decisions, which should exhibit strong correlation in order to correctly classify the true state of the subsystem or component as healthy or unhealthy. We draw upon more general reliability modeling methods to characterize the correlation between the state of a subsystem’s reliability and PHM decision. We subsequently propose an approach to obtain analytical expressions to assess system availability and cost in terms of these pairs of subsystem reliabilities and PHM decisions. Models that combine concepts from reliability and PHM will complement existing reliability, availability, and cost models, enabling sensitivity analysis within trade studies that can identify how improvements to subsystem-specific PHM techniques will impact system and fleet-level measures.
Wedge Osteectomy of Bony Cap in Rhinoplasty: Minor Nasal Bone Hump Reduction
Authors: Cologlu Harun , Eyuboglu Atilla Adnan
Published: August 2024

Background:

Hump reduction with traditional ostectomy is an invasive procedure performed in aesthetic rhinoplasty. Natural and flawless nasal dorsum can be obtained with wedge ostectomy (WO) technique.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to describe the nasal dorsum WO technique and examine its effectiveness in correcting nasal dorsum with absent and minor humps in patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Materials and Methods:

Senior author performed 488 rhinoplasty and septorhinoplasty operations from April 2009 to April 2021. After exclusion of major hump patients, the remaining 312 patients had a secondary evaluation for suitability for wedge ostectomy. After secondary examination, 87 patients, including 19 with absent humps (0 mm) and 68 with small humps (1–3 mm) were operated.

Results:

Nasal bone hump reduction with WO has proven satisfactory results in majority of patients, minimal revision in done in five patients but no complications were occurred related to this method.

Conclusions:

Nasal dorsum WO provides lesser invasive approach to bony hump reduction in selected patients, ensuring bone cortex continuity in nasal dorsum. It decreases possible dorsal nasal irregularities associated with conventional coronal plane ostectomies. At the same time, it provides a natural and anatomically accurate nasal dorsum.
Successful Management of a Late Referred Giant Choledochal Cyst Type Ia in 8-Year-old Girl
Authors: Tresphory Boniphace , Calisti Alessandro
Published: August 2024

A choledochal cyst is a rare condition with a variable incidence and different modalities of presentation according to the context and the age of patients. Early diagnosis and complete resection are the only therapeutic options to prevent complications and malignancies. Type Ia, cystic dilatation of the entire extrahepatic duct, is the most observed, and a giant size (more than 10 cm in diameter) may rarely be reached. This patient group often has a long-lasting clinical history and a shared experience of uneasy access to specialist care. Huge dimensions are a complex challenge for complete resection, and the risk of permanent liver functional damage must be considered, as in the current case.
Sleep Better, Grow Stronger: The Miraculous Impact of Clustered Nursing Care on Low-birth-weight Neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Charan Gopal Singh , Kalia Raman , Joshi Pooja
Published: August 2024

Sleep plays a crucial role in the development of newborns, especially for premature and low-birth-weight infants. Clustered nursing care is an effective way to improve these infants’ sleep quality and overall well-being. This approach has numerous benefits, including diminished stress responses, heightened physiological stability and improved growth outcomes. Moreover, it underscores the imperative of adeptly addressing sleep disturbances and mitigating stressors during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stays to optimise developmental trajectories. Ultimately, advocating for the integration of clustered nursing care in NICUs, with its capacity to deliver superlative care, becomes indispensable in safeguarding the well-being of these vulnerable infants and securing a healthier prospect through refined sleep quality.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic Life and Mental Well being of Nursing Students, Mangalore, South India
Authors: Augustin Bibi
Published: August 2024

Background:

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has cast a long shadow globally and has brought a wide variety of changes to nursing education all of a sudden which has created a lot of tension and concerns amongst nursing students. In this study, undergraduate nursing students were surveyed during the lockdown (2020) as to how the pandemic has affected their academic life and mental well-being.

Objective:

This article aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and mental well-being of nursing students.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study with survey approach was conducted amongst 1114 undergraduate nursing students (baccalaureate in nursing) from randomly selected 11 nursing colleges in Mangalore, South India. The study used an investigator-developed scale on academic life during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale for data collection.

Results:

Of the 1114 students, 75% were worried about financial security and 82.4% were concerned about academic completion, the gap in their clinical experience and the commission of university examinations. Results indicated that 13.3%, 62.3% and 24.4% had low, moderate and severe levels of mental well-being, respectively. However, there was a negative correlation between impact on academic life and mental well-being, which implies as students worry more about their academic life its directly affecting their mental well-being.

Conclusion:

The quality of nursing education provided and received by the current nursing graduates will be reflected in the outcomes of health globally. Measures must be undertaken to plan a structured curriculum adaptable in providing continuity to teaching–learning experience in anticipation of any major crisis that can disrupt the system.
Comparing the Education System for Nursing in India with Other Developed Countries: Key Differences and Similarities
Authors: Devi Khumukcham Anupama , Singh Sudhakar Kumar
Published: August 2024

Nursing education is a critical component of the health care system, and the quality of nursing education has a direct impact on the quality of patient care. The nursing education system in India is distinct from that in many developed countries, and it is essential to compare and contrast the two to understand the differences and similarities between them. This article will explore the key differences and similarities between the nursing education system in India and developed countries.
Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing Loss in Truck Drivers: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study in Iran
Authors: Ghotbi Negar , Forouharmajd Farhad , Jahani Yunes , Pourabdian Siamak
Published: August 2024

Aim:

Drivers have a significant role in transporting and moving goods using heavy vehicles. These drivers are exposed to various complications including hearing loss, due to long journeys and constant exposure to road noise. Considering the importance of preventing hearing loss, this study was conducted to determine the occupational exposure of truck drivers to noise and its effect on noise-induced hearing loss.

Methods:

This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 692 truck drivers of 16 types of heavy vehicles in Iran. The hearing status of the truck drivers was measured in the right and left ears using a Welton 1300 clinical audiometer in a soundproof room based on the guidelines provided by the American Speech–Language–Hearing Association. The equivalent sound pressure level (LAeq) in the truck driver’s cabin was measured by a sound meter with a CEL-440 analyzer model and according to the standard (ISO 9612 1997) in A-frequency weighting. Finally, using SPSS V-26, the prevalence of hearing loss, the amount of hearing loss in different frequencies, and its relationship with exposure to noise in different frequencies were investigated.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation LAeq in the examined truck was determined as 75.89 ± 5.98. The highest average LAeq was related to the frequency of 500 Hz with 62.76 dBA. The average LAeq was generally higher at lower frequencies (250, 500, and 1000). The prevalence of hearing loss in the right and left ears was estimated at 59.98% and 64.74%, respectively. The highest average hearing loss in the right and left ears was related to 6000 and 8000 Hz frequencies. There was a statistically significant difference between the LAeq inside the truck’s cabin with hearing loss compared to people without hearing loss in the right and left ears (P < 0.001). A statistically significant relationship between LAeq at different frequencies in different truck brands with hearing loss at different frequencies in the right and left ears was observed in the majority of trucks in reverse (P < 0.05). A significant relationship was observed between age and work experience with hearing loss in the right and left ears (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Truck drivers suffer from a high level of hearing loss which is very similar to any industrial worker with high frequencies such as 4000 and 6000 Hz. Despite the lack of frequency relation between noise and hearing loss, increasing age, work experience, and noise exposure, regardless of frequency, can lead to increased hearing loss in these truck drivers, especially in the left ear. The appropriate cabin design, regular maintenance of vehicles, use of personal protective equipment, reduction of driving hours, and periodic annual examinations of drivers are suggested to prevent further progress of hearing loss in them.
Juxtahepatic venous injuries are not AAST Grade V injuries if there is no contrast extravasation
Authors: Purushothaman Vijayan , Sathyakumar Kirthi , Kumar Vignesh , Sharma Srujan Lam
Published: August 2024

Background:

The organ injury scale (OIS) for liver trauma by the American Association of the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) was last updated in 2018 with new “imaging criteria” that continued to grade juxtahepatic venous (JHV) injuries, regardless of presence or absence of active bleeding, as Grade V. We hypothesized that JHV injury found on imaging, in the absence of active bleeding, should not be considered Grade V based on location alone. The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of patients classified as AAST-OIS Grade V liver injuries based purely on JHV location, with patients who had AAST-OIS Grade I–III liver injuries.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 121 patients with liver injury from the TReCS database (June 2020–May 2023) was conducted. Patients underwent contrast-enhanced dual-phase computed tomography scans on admission were reviewed by both radiologists and surgeons. Patients diagnosed with JHV injuries (JHV – with no contrast extravasation [CE]) and patients with low-grade injuries (OIS I–III) were compared for baseline data on age, gender, injury severity score (ISS) scoring, injury mechanism, length of hospital stay, and liver-related complications.

Results:

Of 121 patients identified, 66 had Grade I–III injuries and 21 had Grade V injuries due to JHV location alone. Three of the latter group had CE and were excluded. Heterogeneity was compared between the two groups for age (P = 0.634), gender (P = 0.964), mechanisms (P = 0.346), and ISS (P = 0.068). The median length of stay for the JHV (with no CE) group was 4.5 days and 6.00 days for the OIS Grade I–III group (P = 0.233). One patient in the JHV group had hemobilia, and there were no other liver-related complications in the cohort.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that the “imaging” criterion of “JHV” injuries, in the absence of extravasation or significant disruption, may be safely revised to a lower grade on the AAST-OIS for liver injuries.
Successful treatment of acute liver failure due to Wilson’s disease: Serendipity or fortuity?
Authors: Delle Cave Valeria , Di Dato Fabiola , Calvo Pier Luigi , Spagnuolo Maria Immacolata , Iorio Raffaele
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute liver failure (ALF) may be the first and most dramatic presentation of Wilson’s disease (WD). ALF due to WD (WD-ALF) is difficult to distinguish from other causes of liver disease and is a clear indication for liver transplantation. There is no firm recommendation on specific and supportive medical treatment for this condition.

AIM

To critically evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic management of WD-ALF patients in order to improve their survival with native liver.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of patients with WD-ALF was conducted in two pediatric liver units from 2018 to 2023.

RESULTS

During the study period, 16 children (9 males) received a diagnosis of WD and 2 of them presented with ALF. The first was successfully treated with an unconventional combination of low doses of D-penicillamine and zinc plus steroids, and survived without liver transplant. The second, exclusively treated with supportive therapy, needed a hepatotransplant to overcome ALF.

CONCLUSION

Successful treatment of 1 WD-ALF patient with low-dose D-penicillamine and zinc plus steroids may provide new perspectives for management of this condition, which is currently only treated with liver transplantation.
Platooning of Position-Controlled Vehicles on a Curved Path under Communication Losses and Delays
Authors: Bhaskar Rintu , Wahi Pankaj , Potluri Ramprasad
Published: August 2024

This article offers an algorithmic solution for moving a homogeneous platoon of position-controlled vehicles on a curved path with varying speeds and in the presence of communication losses and delays. This article considers a trajectory-based platooning with the leader–following communication topology, where the lead vehicle communicates its reference position and orientation to each autonomous follower vehicle. A follower vehicle stores this communicated information for a specific period as a virtual trail of the lead vehicle starting from the lead vehicle’s initial position and orientation. An algorithm uses this trail to find the follower vehicle’s reference position and orientation on that trail, such that the follower vehicle maintains a constant distance from the lead vehicle. The proposed algorithm helps form a platoon where each vehicle can traverse a curve with varying speeds. In contrast, in the existing literature, most of the solutions for vehicle platooning on a curved path demonstrate constant speed motion. This article considers delayed information as lost. Therefore, the communication losses and delays are considered as packet drops. The algorithm uses estimates of the lost information of the lead vehicle’s trail to generate the reference path for the follower vehicles. Analysis of the algorithm shows a relationship between the platoon’s performance and the extent of packet drops. Simulation results agree with the relationship.
O dolo alternativo
Authors: Moura Bruno de Oliveira
Published: August 2024

The so-called “alternative intent” (dolus alternativus) is a traditional category of criminal law dogmatics which has gained increasing importance both on a theoretical and practical level, as shown by some criminal court decisions. Starting from an approach to the logical-analytical structure of this concept, the text advances against the hitherto majority opinion, defending the idea that, from a systematic point of view, the alternative intent is not a problem of concurrence of crimes, but (rather) a problem of imputation. On this assumption, is supported a solution which ascribes to the agent only one intent: that one which, in the comparison between the possible perspectives of attribution of responsibility, corresponds to the most severe ascription.
Dopamine receptors control feeding behavior in the silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Mitsumasu Kanako , Yoshikawa Takuma , Ohta Hiroto
Published: August 2024

We investigated the function and in vivo role of dopamine receptors (BmDopRs) in the silkworm Bombyx mori. During our studies, we discovered that BmDopRs play a crucial role in regulating feeding behavior in silkworm larvae. Here, we review recent findings [1] on the importance of dopamine (DA) and its receptors, particularly the BmDopR3 subtype, in regulating feeding behavior in Bombyx mori. Future discoveries of natural ingredients and compounds affecting BmDopR3 could significantly impact sericulture and pest control, including the development of artificial diets and feeding behavior regulators.
Socially isolated child: a case study analysis
Authors: Affandy Mohd Faiz Fansuri Mohd , Azman Azlinda
Published: August 2024

Social isolation among children has become an increasingly recognized issue over the past decade, yet it remains underexplored and unclassified in major diagnostic manuals for mental and physical health. This study aims to bring light to the underlying factors contributing to child social isolation by conducting an in-depth analysis of three critical case studies. The methodology employed was case study analysis, which identifies three primary themes as contributing factors: situational context, origin of condition, and documentation and legal issues. Additionally, the study examines the effects of isolation, highlighting behavioral and cognitive difficulties. These case studies reveal the profound impact of isolation on child development, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The findings suggest that socially isolated children often face significant challenges in communication, social interaction, and cognitive development, which can persist into adulthood. The study underscores the necessity for further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of social isolation and to develop effective interventions. By addressing the complexities of social isolation, this research provides a foundational guide for practitioners and policymakers to better support affected children and mitigate adverse outcomes. The implications of these findings highlight the urgent need for policies and practices that establish robust support systems and interventions aimed at preventing and addressing social isolation in children.
The Effects of Service Quality, Brand Image, and Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty among Gen Z in Ho Chi Minh City Case of Uni¬qlo
Authors: CAO Man Minh
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the factors specifically service quality, brand image, and customer satisfaction that influence customer loyalty to fashion brands through analyzing the case study of the brand “Uniqlo” among gen Z in HCM city. Quantit­­­ative approaches were used in the research and in this study, the research is based on data collected through survey questionnaire which were filled by 300 respondents who are a gen Z and are the customer of Uniqlo in Ho Chi Minh City. In order to undertake analysis and evaluation of the scale, to evaluate the theoretical model and hypotheses, the survey results were gathered, cleaned, and coded before being entered into the statistical data processing software AMOS. The results and findings of the study highlight elements that businesses should focus on and improve to maximize revenue.
The influence of mental health and a-riseba shooting practice on the performance of basketball shooting results in 16-18 years age group
Authors: Mulyono Aris , Siregar Nofi Marlina , Sulaiman Iman
Published: August 2024

Objective; testing the influence and differences in the effects of conventional A-riseba training (A1), A-riseba training with the involvement of parents and people closest to them during the exercise (A2), A-riseba training with the provision of Self-Manage Mental Health literacy during the exercise (A3) on the shooting performance of basketball athletes for players who are or are experiencing; anxiety (B1), eating disorders/disordered (B2), stress (B3), burnout (B4), kinesiophobia (B5), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (B6). Method: The research employed an experimental method with a 3x6 factorial design where treatment was needed, the sampling technique used stratified random sampling so that 72 basketball athletes were selected. The Stroop Test is used to classify mental health disorders, measuring shooting performance using the Basketball Skills Test and BJSAT. Hypothesis testing uses Paired-samples t tests and Two way Anova. Results: There is an influence of A1 [t-count-12.301>t-table1.174, Sig.0.000t-table1.174, Sig.0.000t-table1.174, Sig.0.0000.05]. There was a significant gap between B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6 (P<0.05), and there was an interaction between groups (A and B) (P<0.05). The effects of different mental health disorders produce different shooting performance. The Researchers recommend that optimal efforts should be carried out comprehensively, because it has been proven that efforts carried out separately do not have a significant difference in effect.
Keywords; Mental Health, A-riseba Shooting Practice, Basketball.