bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macrófitasde la cuenca del río Elqui, zona semiárida de Chile
Authors: Urrutia Estrada Jonathan R. , Romero-Mieres Mario
Published: February 2022

Introducción y objetivos: La cuenca del río Elqui está situada al norte de la Región de Coquimbo, en la zona semiárida de Chile. Este cuerpo de agua es particularmente importante por las actividades económicas que sustenta y por su alta vulnerabilidad ambiental. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la diversidad y composición florística de macrófitas de la cuenca del río Elqui.M&M: Se establecieron 20 estaciones de muestreo con parcelas de 1 m2 distribuidas en las tres subcuencas que conforman el área de estudio. Al interior de cada una de ellas, se registraron todas las especies de plantas presentes junto a sus respectivas abundancias. Además, en cada estación se midieron algunas variables ambientales, las que fueron analizadas junto con los datos biológicos.Resultados: Se identificaron 51 especies de macrófitas y un alga, con dominancia de elementos nativos y de hábito emergente. Los análisis estadísticos señalan leves diferencias en cuanto a la composición florística que presentan las tres subcuencas comparadas, las cuales se concentran principalmente en el río Turbio.El análisis de los datos ambientales señala que las variables que más influyen en la composición de especies del área de estudio son: altitud, sólidos suspendidos totales, potencial redox y profundidad del agua.Discusión: Los estudios relativos a macrófitas a nivel de cuenca hidrográfica son prácticamente nulos en Chile. Este tipo de información incrementa el conocimiento de la biodiversidad y permite realizar un manejo más eficiente de los sistemas acuáticos continentales.
Bukan Sekedar Pelipur Lara: Promosi Pariwisata dalam Dongeng “Nusantara Bertutur” Koran Kompas 2019
Authors: Darma Putra I Nyoman , Riska Eva Lailatur
Published: February 2022

Sastra dan  pariwisata sejak lama mempunyai hubungan erat namun kurang mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek narasi pariwisata dalam dongeng Nusantara Bertutur yang dimuat koran Kompas sepanjang tahun 2019. Data dipilih secara selektif dari seluruh dongeng yang dimuat setiap hari Minggu. Dari sebanyak 49 dongeng yang dimuat sepanjang 2019, 25 di antaranya mengandung narasi tentang daya tarik, perjalanan, atau aktivitas wisata. Data dianalisis dengan pendekatan sastra pariwisata dengan penekanan pada tema, latar, tokoh, dan aspek pariwista yang dinarasikan dalam dongeng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dongeng Nusantara Bertutur lebih dari sekadar hiburan, karena juga mengandung lukisan keindahan alam (matahari terbit, keindahan danau, pantai, alam bawah laut, dan alam perdesaaan); aneka ragam kuliner Nusantara; dan narasi tentang tradisi atau ritual Nusantara seperti Upacara Kasada dan Hari Raya Karo di Bromo (Jawa Timur), karnaval Sigale-gale di Danau Toba, serta Jathilan di Magelang Jawa Tengah. Artikel ini menawarkan pemahaman baru bahwa dongeng tidak saja sarat cerita dengan pesan etika dan moral atau pelipur lara tetapi juga mengandung promosi daya tarik wisata dan pengenalan aneka tradisi dan budaya Nusantara kepada anak-anak.
संस्कृत साहित्यशास्त्रमा वर्णित रसदर्शन {Rasadarshan described in Sanskrit literature}
Authors: चालिसे Chalise नारायण Narayan
Published: February 2022

प्रस्तुत आलेख संस्कृत साहित्यशास्त्र, त्यसअन्तर्गतको रससम्प्रदाय, त्यसमा वर्णित रसदर्शन मान्यतासँग सम्बन्धितरहेको छ । साहित्यशास्त्रमा रसपरम्परा सबैभन्दा मुख्य मानिन्छ । त्यसमा विवेचना गरिएका विभिन्न पक्षमध्ये रसलाईदर्शन मानेर गरिएको व्याख्या अझ महŒवपूर्ण छ । रसलाई काव्य वा साहित्यको मुख्य विषय मान्ने क्रममा रसलाईकाव्यको आत्मा हो भनिएको छ । साथै विद्वान्हरूले रसलाई यो आध्यात्मिक दर्शन हो, यो ब्रह्मसमान छ, यो अनीर्वचनीय,अखण्ड, स्वप्रकाश, आनन्दमय, चिन्मय, छ भन्ने सन्दर्भमा दिएका दृष्टान्तहरू र व्याख्याहरूले रसलाई जुन उचाइ दिइएकोछ त्यो महŒवपूर्ण हुँदाहुँदै पनि यसले केही दार्शनिक प्रश्नहरू जन्माएको छ । रसलाई काव्य साहित्यको महŒवपूर्ण विषयमानिरहँदा र रसको दार्शनिकतालाई पनि स्वीकारीकन पनि सधैँ उठ्ने ज्वलन्त प्रश्न यसको आध्यात्मिक तहको व्याख्याहो । रसलाई आध्यात्मिक मान्ने, रसलाई काव्यको आत्मा मान्ने र विद्वान्हरूले मानेझैँ रसलाई ब्रह्म पनि मानेपछि रसकाव्यको विषयबाट अलग्गिएर दर्शन मात्रैको विषय बन्नेगरी दार्शनिक मान्ने हो भने यसको काव्यात्मक शक्ति र सामथ्र्यकमजोर बन्ने र आध्यात्मिकता बढ्न गई यसको लौकिक धर्म पनि मेटिएर भौतिक जगत्को विषय नभएर आध्यात्मिकजगत्का कुरो हुन जान्छ । त्यतिमात्र होइन जुन उचाइ काव्यमा यसले लिएको थियो त्यो सबै दर्शनमा रूपान्तरण हुनजाँदा दर्शन र साहित्य एउटै विषय हुन् भन्नुपर्ने अव्यवस्था आउने देखिन्छ । रसदर्शन उचित हो तर रसको अलौकिकता,ईश्वरसदृशता, अनिर्वचनीयता आदि जसरी व्याख्या भएका छन् तिनले रसलाई कतै काव्यको क्षेत्रबाट अन्तै लैजाँदै तछैनन् ? रसलाई आध्यात्मिक मात्र मानिरहँदा सबै विचार र भावका भावकहरूबाट छुट्याउँदै त छैन ? रस काव्यको भावनभएर दर्शनको वस्तु मात्रै बन्दै त छैन ? भन्ने केही जिज्ञासाहरू जन्मिन्छन् तिनलाई समेटेर रसलाई लौकिक नै मान्नेतर्फको प्रयास नै उत्तम हो भन्ने आशय यस आलेखको निष्कर्ष विचार हो ।
‘बन्धनबाट मुक्ति’ कथामा सीमान्तीयता र बुढ्यौली व्यवस्थापन {Marginalization and old age management in the story 'Freedom from bondage'}
Authors: पौडेल: Poudel सुरज Suraj
Published: February 2022

प्रस्तुत ‘बन्धनबाट मुक्ति कथामा सीमान्तीयता र बुढ्यौली व्यवस्थापन’ शीर्षकको लेख शारीरिक अशक्ततागत सीमान्तीयताका कोणबाट ‘बन्धनबाट मुक्ति’ कथाको विश्लेषण गरी उक्त कथाका सापेक्षतामा बुढ्यौली व्यवस्थापनका उपायहरू सुझाउने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हो । कथा विश्लेषण एवम् बुढ्यौली व्यवस्थापन सम्बन्धी आवश्यक सामग्री पुस्तकालयबाट सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । पुस्तकालयबाट सङ्कलित प्राथमिक र द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीहरूको अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त सूचना वा तथ्याङ्कलाई वर्णनात्मक तथा व्याख्यात्मक विधिको उपयोगगरी कथाको विश्लेषण गर्नुका साथै बुढ्यौली व्यवस्थापन सम्बन्धी उपायहरूलाई आलेखमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ ।राजेन्द्र विमल (२००३) द्वारा लिखित उक्त कथाको प्रमुख पात्र चोआलाल र उनकी पत्नीले जीवनको उत्तरार्धमा आफ्नै सन्तानबाट भोग्नु परेका पीडा र व्यथाहरूलाई उमेरगत सीमान्तीयताका कोणबाट केलाइएको छ ।केलाउँदा कथाका केन्द्रीय पात्र चोआलाल र उनकी पत्नीले आफ्ना सन्तानबाट घृणा, अपहेलना, संवादहीनता, एक्लोपन,अर्थ÷सम्पति हरणजस्ता विकराल समस्याहरू भोग्नु परेको पाइन्छ । कथाकै सापेक्षतामा बुढ्यौलीको असल व्यवस्थापनकालागि सक्रिय शारीरिक जीवन, स्वस्थ र सन्तुलित भोजन, तनाव व्यवस्थापन, सकारात्मक सोच र समान व्यवहार,सामाजिक र आध्यात्मिक सोच, आत्मसंयमता र आत्मसन्तुष्टि, सरसफाइमा ध्यान, अध्ययन र भ्रमणजस्ता उपायहरूसुझाइएको छ । सन्तानले आफ्नो भविष्यको परिकल्पना र बाबुआमाले आफ्नो विगतलाई स्मरण गर्ने हो भने मात्रै पनिकेही हद्सम्म वृद्ध अवस्थामा कुनै पनि बाबुआमा आफ्ना सन्तानबाट प्रताडित र अपहेलित हुनु नपर्ने निष्कर्ष लेखमाप्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
Cardiovascular Manifestations of Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: Shrestha Samrat , Lamsal Kamal Sharma , Shreshtha Bhakta Dev , Bajracharya Sunny
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Hypothyroidism is clinical syndrome that results from decreased secretion of thyroid hormone from thyroid gland. Primary Hypothyroidism accounts for 90-95% of all cases of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism has various cardiovascular manifestations. With aim for early prevention and management of cardiovascular manifestation in hypothyroidism this study was conducted.
Materials and Methods
A cross sectional observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine in Bir Hospital. Ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board, National Academy of Medical Sciences was taken. A total of 70 patients with untreated Primary Hypothyroidism were randomly selected without any prior known comorbidities or under any medication. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel to tabulate data and analyse results.
Results
Out of 70 enrolled participants, 41 cases were subclinical hypothyroidism and 29 overt/clinical hypothyroidism with 80% female and 20% male. Most common presenting cardiovascular symptoms was peripheral odema (60%) followed by easy fatiguability (47.14%). Body Mass Index (BMI) and Hypertension was higher in majority of cases 70% and 60% respectively. Dyslipidemia was present in 48.57% of cases among which majority changes were in triglyceride and total cholesterol level. Abnormality in ECG were seen in only 22.85% of cases with T wave abnormality (18.57%) being most common followed by sinus bradycardia (14.28%). Echocardiography was abnormal in 7.14% of cases with 2.86% showing pericardial effusion.
Conclusion
Cardiovascular manifestations were present in majority of patients of primary hypothyroidism especially High BMI, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia. Screening of newly diagnosed primary hypothyroidism for cardiovascular manifestations thus should be done routinely in all patients.
Clinical Profile of Stroke in Relation to Glycemic Status of the Patients
Authors: Bajracharya Sunny , Shrestha Bhakta Dev , Shrestha Samrat , Gorkhaly Manen Prasad
Published: February 2022

Introduction 
Stroke is the sudden death of brain cells that occurs due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain leading to permanent disability or death. Diabetes mellitus has been established as a major risk factor for stroke. However, this study was conducted to incorporate glycemic status and its correlation with severity of stroke.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Internal medicine, Neurosurgery, Emergency and Endocrinology of Bir Hospital. Ethical clearance was granted by Institutional Review board of National academy of medical sciences. A total of 50 patients with stroke presented within 72 hours of symptoms of stroke was included in the study. Data was collected and stored in MS-EXCEL sheet and analyzed using SPSS.
Results
Among 50 patients with stroke enrolled for the purpose of this study, 54% had ischemic and 46% hemorrhagic stroke. Patient pool was predominantly 51-60 years of age. Majority of the patients were euglycemic, of these 56.67% suffered hemorrhagic stroke, while known diabetics predominantly suffered ischemic stroke. Euglycemic patients had CT lesion measuring 5-10mm compared to larger lesions of  >10mm in known diabetics. Euglycemic patients had better outcome in contrast to newly diagnosed and known diabetics.
Conclusion
The study found that patients with higher glucose levels had increased severity of stroke. Increased morbidity was documented among known diabetics and newly diagnosed cases of DM in comparison to euglycemics and patients with stress hyperglycemia.
Fatalism, Foreknowledge and Free Will
Authors: Mangal Chaturvedi Madhu
Published: February 2022

This paper argues that the concept of divine Foreknowledge is not inconsistent with the denial of fatalism. From the finite perspective of us humans, it might appear that fatalism necessarily follows from the idea of an all-knowing God. However, from an all-knowing and all-powerful God’s point of view, assuming that such a Being exists for the sake of argument, divine Foreknowledge does not necessarily imply fatalism for us. Moreover, to deny that an all-knowing God could be wrong about our future is to make an inconsistent claim. Divine Foreknowledge means that God has infallible Knowledge about our future, and that must be fixed. However, I argue that the denial of fatalism is not inconsistent with God’s Omniscience when combined with some of His other attributes. For instance, a combination of divine Foreknowledge, Omnipotence and Free Will. In other words, God knows the future, but He is not limited to knowing the same future. For God can will the future to be quite different from what He knows it to be. That is to say, with respect to us, God’s Free Will is consistent with the negation of fatalism. The last claim also implies that there is space for human free will in between God’s Foreknowledge and Free Will.
Pravo djeteta na odgoj i obrazovanje u kanonskom i međunarodnom pravu
Authors: Ćavar Klara , Džinić Marija
Published: February 2022

Pravo na odgoj i obrazovanje jedno je od temeljnih ljudskih prava. Njegov razvoj i status određen je kulturno–civilizacijskim dosegom konkretne povijesne epohe. Tek je humanizam u obrazovanju prepoznao temelj izgradnje slobodnoga društva. Članak obrađuje izabrane dokumente kanonskoga i međunarodnoga prava usmjerene odgoju i obrazovanju. Cilj je utvrditi mjeru utjecaja Crkve i svjetovnih vlasti na uvažavanje prava djeteta, kojemu, uz ostalo, pripada pravo na obrazovanje.
Povezanost religioznosti s tjelesnim i mentalnim zdravljem
Authors: Radionov Tanja
Published: February 2022

Cilj je rada prikaz znanstvenih, teorijskih i kliničkih spoznaja o povezanosti religioznosti i zdravlja. Započeli smo prikazom znanstvenih istraživanja o pozitivnoj i negativnoj povezanosti religioznosti s tjelesnim i mentalnim zdravljem. Potom smo prikazali teorijske modele odnosa religioznosti i zdravlja s kompleksnim međuodnosom medijacijskih mehanizama. Znanstvene spoznaje našle su svoju primjenu u kliničkoj praksi, posebice psihijatriji. Na kraju je rada osvrt na buduća znanstvena istraživanja.
Leiomioma vaginal em cadela associado à compressão de cólon – relato de caso
Authors: Lopes Bernardo Fernandes , Lanis Adrienne Bretas , Morais Priscila Araújo Lyra Guedes de , Pereira Evandro Zacché , Oliveira Daniel Capucho de , Silva Germana Marchetti da , Baungarten Letícia Binda , Nunes Lousiane de Carvalho , Porfírio Lenir Cardoso , Freitas Patrícia Maria Coletto de , Luz Marcelo Resende , Costa Fabiano Séllos
Published: February 2022

Os leiomiomas e fibromas são as neoplasias mais descritas encontradas na vagina e vulva de cadelas idosas, porém raramente causando compressão de cólon e levando ao tenesmo em cães. O diagnóstico definitivo é realizado através de exame histopatológico. O exame ultra-sonográfico pode ser útil para detectar massa abdominal, além de orientar o direcionamento dos demais exames complementares e indicação do tratamento cirúrgico do paciente. Relata-se neste trabalho o caso de uma cadela que se apresentava ao exame ultra-sonográfico uma massa mensurando aproximadamente 7,2 cm em seu maior diâmetro e localizada caudo-ventralmente à bexiga, promovendo uma compressão e deslocamento dorsal em cólon descendente. Após análise histopatológica foi confirmado o diagnóstico de leiomioma vaginal como a causa primária da compressão de cólon neste caso.
Qualidade de cortes da carcaça ovina, bovina, suína e aves
Authors: Cruz Christian Albert Carvalho da , Souza Alexilda Oliveira de , Santos-Cruz Cristiane Leal dos
Published: February 2022

Objetivou-se determinar a composição centesimal de diferentes cortes da carcaça, sendo 03 (três) filés de peito de frango, 03 (três) patinhos de ovino, 03 (três) contra-filés bovino e 03 (três) picanhas suína. A porção comestível do contra-filé bovino foi a que apresentou maior teor de gordura total, enquanto que o filé de peito de frango apresentou maior teor de proteína. A atividade de água nos cortes foi semelhante, com destaque para a carne ovina, a carne de frango apresentou maior luminosidade e com tendência para o tom amarelo, enquanto a carne bovina apresentou os tons mais vermelhos.
Sinopse preliminar sobre as espécies de camarão que ocorrem em estuários do Estado do Ceará
Authors: Igarashi Marco Antonio
Published: February 2022

Cada tipo de camarão varia na aparencia juntamente com muitos outros fatores. Boas informações sobre as características do camarão é vital para o sucesso na performance do pescador. Este estudo foi realizado nas águas estuarinas dos rios do Estado do Ceará. Este estudo fornece detalhadas informações sobre camarões o qual pode ser um valioso produto como alimento marinho no Estado do Ceará. Quase todo o camarão pode ser exportado congelado. As amostras foram obtidas usando redes. No laboratório os camarões foram analisados e em seguida foi realizada a identificação. No presente estudo os seguintes camarões marinhos e camarão de água doce foram identificados; familia Penaeidae: Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817), Litopenaeus schmitti, (Burkenroad, 1936), F. subtilis (Pérez-Farfante, 1967) e Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862). Na família Palaemonidae encontramos a espécie Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836). O experimento de campo enfatiza a importância de desenvolver mais o mangue para suportar a pesca de camarões e melhorar a economia costeira.
Estudo morfológico da próstata de rato (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Fioruci Beatriz Aparecida , Mello Júnior Wilson de , Teixeira Giovana Rampazzo , Martins Otávio Augusto
Published: February 2022

O rato tem sido usado, há mais de um século, como modelo de estudo em experimentações científicas. O interesse em relação à próstata de rato, devese a algumas semelhanças morfológicas e fisiológicas existentes em relação à próstata humana. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a estrutura macroscópica e microscópica dos lobos da próstata do rato albino, Rattus norvegicus, para contribuir com conhecimentos básicos sobre a morfologia deste órgão. Foram utilizados 3 ratos machos. As próstatas foram cortadas em micrótomo e foram coradas com Hematoxilina-Eosina, Azul de Toluidina e Tricrômico de Masson. Após a análise das lâminas em microscópio de luz, os resultados morfológicos dos lobos da próstata foram coerentes com os descritos na literatura, sendo constituídos de epitélio e estroma. A prostatite esteve presente nos lobos dorsais e laterais.
Tratamento de resíduos na suinocultura com uso de biodigestores
Authors: Costa Laura Vanessa Cabral da
Published: February 2022

A suinocultura é uma atividade em ampla expansão, e com isso o produtor busca sempre manter seu plantel de acordo com suas necessidades. Com o crescimento da suinocultura aumenta-se o numero de animais em pequenas áreas, e com isso, há um considerável volume de dejetos/resíduos gerados, o que faz com essa atividade torna-se um agravante ambiental. Os dejetos da suinocultura quando não tratados ou tratados de forma inadequada, são lançados nos rios, lagos, solos, etc, causando grandes impactos ambientais. Na tentativa de solucionar esse problema, cada produtor estabelece a sua forma de tratamento. A biodigestão anaeróbia, surge uma alternativa viável, pois além de gerar biofertilizante, biogás, possibilidade de entrada no mercado de carbono, agrega valor a essa atividade.
Ocorrência de síndromes metabólicas em diferentes linhagens de frango de corte
Authors: Dalanezi Luciana Morales , Dalanezi José Antonio , Celidoneo Rodrigo Terra , Osera Rafaela Hanae , Pereira Rose Elisabeth , Rocha Ticiana Silva
Published: February 2022

A evolução da avicultura de corte no Brasil tem favorecido um alto desempenho zootécnico para os frangos de corte, que tem sido acompanhado de alguns fatores negativos, como as Síndromes metabólicas, podendo estas serem consideradas, a Síndrome da Hipertensão Pulmonar, a Síndrome da Morte Súbita e as chamadas Desordens dos Locomotores. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência destas síndromes em 4 diferentes linhagens comerciais de frangos de corte. O experimento foi conduzido no setor de Avicultura de corte da FMVZ/UNESP – Botucatu - SP, no período de fevereiro a março de 2008, foram utilizadas 1152 aves, de linhagens A, B, C e D, machos e fêmeas, divididos em 4 tratamentos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualisado, com 8 repetições. As características avaliadas foram, a mortalidade total, a incidência de cada síndrome metabólica dentro da mortalidade total e o pico de cada uma delas dentro do lote. Concluiu-se que nem a linhagem e nem o sexo das aves influiu significativamente na ocorrência das síndromes metabólicas estudadas.
Corpo estranho linear em gato
Authors: Gomes Lucas A. , Zanon Jakeline P. , Martins Maria I. M. , Pirolo Josmari , Gaste Laurenil , Marcasso Rogério A.
Published: February 2022

Corpo estranho linear é mais comum em gatos do que em cães, e na maioria das vezes é emergência cirúrgica. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns são: anorexia, vômito, letargia, dor abdominal e febre. O diagnóstico se dá por meio de inspeção da cavidade oral, na qual se verifica o objeto preso na base da língua. Pode ocorrer plicatura do intestino com dor à palpação abdominal. No exame radiográfico, com ou sem contraste, o sinal mais comum é o pregueamento do intestino delgado. O manejo conservativo em gatos é indicado se os sinais clínicos não justificam o tratamento cirúrgico imediato. Corta-se o objeto linear e verifica-se se ele passará pelos intestinos. Senão, enterotomias múltiplas serão necessárias. Relata-se o caso de um gato macho, siamês, de 9 meses de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da UEL, com vômitos há 36 horas, dor à palpação abdominal. Na inspeção da cavidade oral, foi observado corpo estranho linear preso à base da língua. Ao exame radiográfico abdominal, notou-se acúmulo de gás em alças intestinais. Procedeu-se anestesia do paciente e o corpo estranho foi seccionado. Após 12 horas, realizou-se a celiotomia exploratória, inspecionou-se estômago e alças intestinais e nada foi encontrado. No dia seguinte à cirurgia, o animal defecou o corpo estranho linear, evidenciando que em alguns casos, como cita MUIR et al (1995), não há necessidade de cirurgia, e a secção da linha é suficiente. Assim, conclui-se que em gatos com vômito, corpo estranho linear é um diferencial e nem sempre é necessária intervenção cirúrgica, caso o paciente esteja em bom estado físico.
Processing Of Organic And Unorganic Waste can Increase Income during The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hidayanti Nur Fitri
Published: February 2022

This study aims to find out how far the waste management process in the Muhammadiyah Mataram University Campus is, knowing that so far the waste on the Muhammadiyah Mataram University Campus has not been handled as well as possible. It can be seen that there are still many landfills that are not handled properly and waste is simply dumped beside the river which is next to the Muhammadiyah Mataram University Campus. This study used a quantitative approach and observations were made from January 2021 to March 2021. The results of the researchers' observations found that all types of waste were simply thrown away. After the researchers conducted socialization and training for all janitors at the University of Muhammadiyah Mataram Campus. Since then, plastic waste such as plastic bottles from beverage packaging and so on has been collected and then the Bintang Sejahtera waste bank came to buy the unorganic waste, while organic waste from food scraps, especially the largest organic waste contributor came from Kantik on campus. Muhammadiyah University of Mataram, and the organic waste is used for maggot caterpillars or maggots.
Pemberian Ekstrak Temulawak dan Kunyit untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas dan sebagai Immunostimulator Avian Influenza pada Ayam Broiler
Authors: Sutarto Sutarto , T Nuryati
Published: February 2022

Broiler chickens in Indonesia have good prospects to develop. However, there are many obstacles that must be faced by broiler breeders, such as soaring prices of feed and medicine, harvest prices that tend to fluctuate, and the outbreak of bird flu that has not yet been found.  The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effectiveness of treating broiler with temulawak and kunyit extracts to enhance productivity and as imunostimulator of avian influenza.  Broiler were given either temulawak, kunyit or temulawak+kunyit extracts. The treatments, including a control, were arranged in a factorial design. Variables measured were production index and immune titter with haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) test at 35 days of age.Results showet that control, temulawak, kunyit and temulawak+ kunyit treated chicken have production indexes of 302,10; 387,11; 324,52; and 354,70, respectively. Haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) test result were all negative. It can be concluded that neither temulawak, kunyit or temulawak+ kunyit extracts is effective immunostimulator of avian influenza in broiler. Nevertheless, temulawak-treated chicken showed highest production index.Key Words : Temulawak, Kunyit, Avian Influenza, Haemaglutination Inhibition
Kompos Pelepah Kelapa Sawit dengan Bioaktivator Mol Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit untuk Perbaikan Sifat Kimia Tanah Lahan Sub Optimal
Authors: Zainudin Zainudin - , Kesumaningwati Roro - , Nugrahini Tutik
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai September 2019 bertempat di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perubahan sifat kimia tanah lahan sub optimal yang diaplikasi kompos pelepah kelapa sawit dengan bioaktivator mol limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini di susun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan percobaan 3 perlakukan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama (P1) yaitu tanah sub optimal 10 kg + 200g kompos pelepah sawit teraplikasi mol limbah cair. Perlakuan kedua (P2) yaitu tanah sub optimal 10 kg + 400g kompos pelepah teraplikasi mol limbah cair dan Perlakuan ketiga (P3) yaitu tanah sub optimal 10 kg + 600g kompos pelepah teraplikasi mol limbah cair. Hasil analisis tanah menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah mengalami peningkatan dari 5,85 menjadi 6,08, Nitrogen total dari 0,20 menjadi 0,58. Fosfor mengalami penurunan dari 70,10 menjadi 5,97 (P1), Kalium mengalami penurunan dari 182,45 menjadi 32,56 (P1), Kapasitas Tukar Kation mengalami penurunan dari 20,16 menjadi 13,10 (P1), dan Kejenuhan Basa mengalami penurunan dari 73,8 menjadi 37,2 (P3).
ANALISIS KEKERABATAN FENETIK CABAI HIYUNG DENGAN BEBERAPA KULTIVAR CABAI RAWIT
Authors: Mahmudah Nurul , Badruzsaufari Badruzsaufari
Published: February 2022

South Kalimantan is an area with abundant biodiversity, especially vegetable and medicinal commodities. Shark chili is one of the varieties of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frustescens L.) which is a typical commodity from South Kalimantan. Shark chili is a local chili commodity that has been named the hottest chili in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to distinguish the morphology of the chili chili with other varieties of cayenne pepper found in Indonesia based on morphological and special characters for further analysis of the genetic relationship. The diversity of chilies in the genus Capsicum is quite diverse so that in the division of chili species is further divided among several varieties or cultivars. Shark chili varieties with Nirmala varieties showed the highest similarity coefficient results compared to other chili varieties with a value of 6.32 while the value of the similarity coefficient of sharks with the lowest cadets with a value of 3.74. Environmental factors where cultivars grow differently even though they have the same place of origin and the adaptive nature of the genotype can affect the different appearance caused by the phenotypic emergent traits.
KONDISI STATUS HARA TANAH DAN JARINGAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis jacq) YANG TERDAPAT DI KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT BALAI PENGAWASAN DAN SERTIFIKASI BENIH PERKEBUNAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Nazari Yudhi Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Pemupukan merupakan suatu upaya penyediaan unsur hara yang cukup guna mendorong pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman yang sehat dan produksi tandan buah segar (TBS) yang maksimal dan ekonomis serta ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur-unsur hara yang terdapat di dalam daun kelapa sawit dan tanah dari aplikasi pemupukan yang telah diberikan melalui pengambilan contoh daun dan tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun kelapa sawit Balai Pengawasan dan Sertifikasi Benih Perkebunan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil contoh daun sebanyak 60 sampel daun yang terletak pada pelepah daun kelapa sawit ke-17 dan mengambil 4 contoh tanah yang telah dikompositkan dari beberapa titik pengambilan di sekitar pohon kelapa sawit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih rendahnya kandungan hara yang terdapat pada tanah dan jaringan tanaman kelapa sawit, sehingga perlu adanya perbaikan kultur teknis di kebun kelapa sawit.kata kunci : Status hara, Kultur Teknis, Kelapa Sawit.
PERANAN KOMPOS PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN BIOAKTIVATOR MOL POME TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SIFAT BIOLOGI TANAH SUB OPTIMAL
Authors: Zainudin Zainudin , Kesumaningwati Roro
Published: February 2022

Sub-optimal land is a lot of lands that is spread in East Kalimantan. Sub-optimal land conditions that have low biological properties is one of the limiting factors in sub-optimal land use for agricultural cultivation. Available suboptimal lands include Ultisol soil types, Imperata grasslands, and ex-coal mining land. This sub-optimal land requires the identification of biological characteristics before determining how to manage it. The research objective is the identification of microfauna including the total population of microorganisms and the identification of bacteria and fungi.  This research will be carried out for 1 (one) year. This research includes the following steps: Making a solution of POME microorganisms takes 14 days, making oil palm frond compost with POME mole bio activator takes about 1 (one) month, Incubation of sub-optimal ex-soil applied to compost requires 2 weeks, and analysis of the total population of soil microorganisms and identification of bacteria and fungi. The results showed that: 1. Microorganism population in sub-optimal land has increased with the addition of oil palm frond compost with POME bio activator 2. There are six genus of fungi namely Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Clamidiospora, Mucor and Aerobasidium. Treatment f1, f2, and f3 had more varied varieties of fungi compared to f0 (control) which only had three fungi genera, 3. the addition of palm frond compost did not increase the Azotobacteraceae population, even in f1 and f3 treatments decreased.
PENGARUH TINGKAT KEKERINGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN GENERATIF KULTIVAR KACANG TUNGGAK (Vigna unguiculata L)
Authors: Mahdalena Zulifah
Published: February 2022

Small and medium industries including household businesses really need to be developed into businesses that are able to develop independently into businesses to increase community income. Household businesses built by the community must of course take into account the potential that can support business continuity. The study was conducted on household businesses Abon Ikan Tuna "Bunda" in Lumpue Village, West Bacukki District, Parepare City. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential for household business development and formulate development strategies for household businesses. From the results of observations and interviews, it can be concluded that this household business has the potential to be seen from the raw material resources, human resources, equipment resources, the environment, and finance. Quantitative Analysis in this study uses the Process Hierarchy Analysis Method (AHP) so that the results obtained that an alternative sequence in business development in this household business that can be applied is the addition of marketing experts, strategies to increase product diversity development, increase production volume, conduct promotions broadly, adding equipment units, opening opportunities and expanding market networks and adding transportation equipment.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESUKAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP JENIS IKAN YANG BERBEDA PADA KERUPUK STIK IKAN
Authors: Yanuar Vita
Published: February 2022

Hasil perikanan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat, baik dalam bentuk segar maupun olahan semakin diminati pasar.  Peningkatan permintaan ini memang sangat diharapkan mengingat tingginya potensi hasil perikanan di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat.  Produk  perikanan dalam bentuk segar dapat mengalami kemunduran mutu.  Oleh karena itu perlu upaya mempertahankan mutu dengan cara penanganan yang tepat agar ikan tetap segar maupun diolah menjadi produk olahan.  Kerupuk stik ikan merupakan salah satu produk olahan yang dipilih sebagai bentuk usaha diversifikasi pangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan konsumen terhadap kerupuk stik ikan dengan bahan baku ikan yang berbeda.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling.  Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kerupuk stik ikan dengan jenis ikan berbeda (ikan tenggiri, remang dan manyung) sebagai bahan baku utama.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan angket. Data yang didapat kemudian diolah dengan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan uji lanjut dengan Uji Tukey.  Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukan bahwa nilai Fhit(15,092) > Ftab(3,16) dan diperkuat dengan nilai p<0,05.  Hal ini menunjukan adanya tingkat perbedaan nyata kesukaan terhadap Total Hedonik dari ketiga jenis ikan tersebut.  Hasil uji hedonik (tingkat kesukaan) terhadap ketiga jenis kerupuk stik ikan dari bahan baku ikan yang berbeda dari segi warna, rasa, aroma, dan tekstur adalah kerupuk stik ikan tenggiri lebih disukai dengan nilai total hedonik tenggiri (5,88), remang (4,98), dan manyung (5,18).
Review of the genera Smicroplectrus Thomson, 1883 and Exyston Schiodte, 1839 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tryphoninae) of South Korea
Authors: Kasparyan D.R. , Balueva E. , Lee J.-W. , Kang G-W.
Published: February 2022

Two closely related genera, Smicroplectrus Thomson and Exyston Schiodte of the tribe Exenterini (Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) of South Korea are considered from collection of the Yeungnam University (YNU), Gyeongsan, Two species of Smicroplectrus were recorded before from Korea – Smicroplectrus erosus (Holmgren, 1857), and S. quinquecinctus (Gravenhorst, 1820) (Cha and Lee 1988). This material really includes 5 species of two genera of Exenterini: Smicroplectrus pedicellatus sp. nov., S. melanocerus sp. nov., S. actenon Kasparyan, 1976, Exyston clementi (Kerrich, 1952) and E. sibiricus (Kerrich, 1952). Three latter species are recorded for Korea for the first time. A new species, S. pedicellatus seems to be closely related to S. irroratus Kasparyan, 1990 from South of Russian Far East; both have pterostigma pale (brownish-yellow), and tergite 2 and 3 mainly smooth, with distinct punctures and without extensive scabrous sculpture typical of other species; by combination of two these characters both species can be distinguished from most other congeners. Unlike S. irroratus and S. melanocerus sp nov., in S. pedicellatus pedicel yellow ventrally and areolation of propodeum different. S. melanocerus is related to S. modestus Kasparyan, 1976 from Russia (Kunashir Island), but unlike to S. modestus has red coxae and apical half of antenna entirely blackish. Keys to species for both these genera occurring in South Korea are given. Smicroplectrus erosus (Holmgren, 1857) and S. quinquecinctus (Gravenhorst, 1820) are excluded from the South Korean fauna.
Autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter in trophic chain of lake ecosystems
Authors: Boulion V.V.
Published: February 2022

This work presents analysis of mass–balance model simulating biotic flows of energy in pelagial of the large lakes of Russia (Ladoga, Onego, and Baikal) and small lake in northern part of the Karelia. The model had been developed on the basis of software package Stella and intended to predict an annual production of phytoplankton, bacterio plankton and consumers (non predatory and predatory zooplankton, planktivorous and piscivorous fishes). The input (independent) abiotic parameters of the model were latitude, mean lake depth, total phosphorus content and water color. The model analyzed an involvement of the autochthonous and allochthonous organic matter in the total energy flow through trophic chain. It was underlined that bacteria are important component of the planktonic community linking the dissolved organic matter (DOM) with organisms of the trophic chain. In high humic and oligotrophic boreal lakes the plankton respiration exceeds the primary production, therefore allochthonous DOM transformed to bacterial production replaces photosynthetic production in consumer feeding. The efficiency of bacterial growth (the ratio of bacterial production to consumed energy) depends on the ratio between autochthonous and allochthonous DOM. It had been shown that efficiency of bacterial growth in lakes with high primary production was higher than in oligotrophic waters with dominated allochthonous DOM. The author discussed different–type organic matter contribution to hydrobiont production depending on total phosphorus and humic matter content. Bacterioplankton consuming allochthonous DOM is additional energy source for zooplankton. For prediction of the total biological productivity it was recommended to take into account also production of heterotrophic bacterioplankton which is involved in utilization of allochthonous DOM.
A new subspecies of the Halys pit viper Gloydius halys (Pallas, 1776) (Viperidae, Crotalinae) from Tuva and western Mongolia
Authors: Kropachev I.I. , Orlov N.L.
Published: February 2022

Description of a new subspecies of the Halys pit viper, or Pallas pit viper, occurring on the territory of southern Tuva, western and southern Mongolia, is given in this paper. The Ubsunur pit viper, Gloydius halys ubsunurensis ssp. nov. differs from other taxa of the complex by a combination of the following morphological features: (1) a large number of ventral scales (V+PreV): 171–188; (2) a large number of subcaudal scales: 47–53 in males and 42–46 in females; (3) a large number of light bands around the body: 35–41; (4) a large number of light bands around the body and tail: 47–63; (5) a light background “desert” coloration of the body dorsal surface. Also, the new subspecies differs by its range and preferred bioclimatic habitat conditions. Populations constituting the new subspecies, on the one hand, manifest themselves as a unified totality, but, on the other hand, they are well separated from other valid taxa of the complex, that is well confirmed by the analysis of the morphological data by the methods of multivariate statistics. In the result of modeling and prediction of the potential distribution of the Ubsunur pit viper in Maxent program zones of optimum were revealed, as well as key bioclimatic factors influencing the pattern of the range. Average annual temperature makes the largest percent contribution (72.4%). The second most important index is precipitation of the wettest quarter of the year (11.1%). Average temperature of the driest quarter of the year and precipitation of the warmest quarter of the year are 7.4% and 6.6%, respectively. Identification key for the taxa of the genus Gloydius distributed on the territory of the former USSR are also given in the paper.
Healthy Mobilities
Authors: Bell Sarah L. , Cook Simon
Published: February 2022

In this article, we articulate a distinct conceptual direction at the intersection of health and mobilities scholarship that centers on healthy mobilities. We take inspiration from relational, multiscalar, and more-than-human approaches to foreground an approach that asks what being in everyday healthy motion may entail and whose health is considered. We trace this approach through two brief provocations: exercise and differential mobilities, including the finely tuned movement-repertoires developed by disabled people. These illustrate the value of healthy mobilities, beyond humancentric, cure-oriented approaches to health, to understandings of how health takes shape among diverse living entities in motion. This focus can help foreground the interdependence of human, nonhuman, and planetary health in mobilities.
Performance Evaluation of Pakistan's Mutual Fund Industry: Validating Fama French 3 And 5 Factor Model
Authors: Iraj Ayesha , Gul Brekhna , Khan Muhammad Sohail Alam
Published: February 2022

In order to evaluate the performance of the mutual fund industry in various financial markets, a wide variety of researches have been conducted, which lead to different results. As the Pakistani mutual fund industry is much younger as compared to the US and UK fund industries and thus limited work has been done to evaluate the Pakistani mutual fund industry.Over the past few years, the industry has shown a phenomenal growth and it makes it worthwhile to study the performance of mutual funds. The aim of this research study is to validate the Fama French 3-Factor Model and Fama French 5-Factor Model. Also, this research attempts to test that which one of the included model performs better than the other so as to check their preferred suitability in measuring and evaluating the mutual fund performance in Pakistan. The monthly data of 323 open ended mutual funds for the period of 2008 to 2018 is analyzed. The GRS model validation test was applied, the results of the test found that the Fama French 5-Factor Model performed much better than the Fama French 3-Factor Model.This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing academicians and practitioners more knowledge regarding multifactor asset pricing model so as to make better investment decisions.
Suppression of blood glucose level elevation and promotion of GLP-1 secretion by ingestion of Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls (Mekabu): Open-label crossover design
Authors: Takano Shiori , Yoshizumi Kazuma , Kobayashi Hitomi , Iwamoto Naoki , Taga Masaki
Published: February 2022

Background: It has been confirmed that the daily consumption of seaweed such as Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) and Kombu (Saccharina japonica) has an inhibitory effect on the rise in postprandial blood glucose levels. Similar effects can also be expected for Mekabu, which is Wakame sporophylls and contains large quantities of water-soluble dietary fiber. In this study, we examined the effects of preprandial intake of Mekabu on postprandial blood glucose levels and blood glucose regulation-related hormones in healthy young women.Methods: The subjects were ten healthy young adult women. Mekabu was eaten, followed by rice only. Blood was sampled five times: while fasting (0 min), and 15, 30, 90, and 120 minutes after eating. Measurements were taken of blood glucose level and blood glucose regulation-related hormones.Result: Eating Mekabu before rice resulted in a significant reduction of Δglucose and Δinsulin at 30 minutes after ingestion (p = 0.034, p = 0.049, respectively). The concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in plasma was higher 30 minutes after eating (p = 0.044), 60 minutes (p = 0.0.31), and 120 minutes (p = 0.019) when Mekabu was eaten preprandially.Conclusions: In the present study, GLP-1 secretion was sustained by eating Mekabu, which is Wakame sporophylls, before rice. Our results suggest that ingesting Mekabu, which contains large amounts of viscous alginic acid, prior to a meal not only suppresses postprandial blood glucose level, but supports the extended secretion of GLP-1, providing a sustainable incretin effect.
Numerical Simulation of Sliding Processes of Yigong Landslide Subjected to Seismic Loading
Authors: Cai Ziyin , Liu Enlong
Published: February 2022

The Yigong landslide is simulated and analyzed with a combined finite-discrete method (FDEM) under seismic loading. Determination of computing model and parameters are introduced. The final distances of six reference points are given showing a special distribution in accord with the results of field investigation. Also, the velocity time-history curves of these points are depicted, where two trends are captured for these points matching with the sliding process of the Yigong landslide. Inconsistencies of displacements and velocities of these points result from the generation and propagation of cracks, initiating the landslide eventually. The FDEM works well in the simulation of this landslide, revealing its applicability and advantages.
High Speed Braking Process Analysis of Monorail Rocket Sled Based on Fluid-Structure Interaction
Authors: Zhou Xuewen , Lv Shuiyan , Liu Xianwei
Published: February 2022

Water brake technology has great significance on monorail rocket sled test, which coupling nonlinear process between high-speed flow impact and structure response. In this paper Finite element method(FEM) and Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) model is used to analyze the braking force performance and the structure response during the monorail rocket sled braking process. The results show that the FEM-SPH method has high accuracy, which braking force error between numerical simulation and experiment is 3.92% when velocity of rocket sled is 750m/s. The safe braking distance of numerical simulation is 100m, while the real distance of experiment is 105m. The error between numerical simulation and experiment is just about 5%.
Study on Lubrication Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Under-Race Lubrication for High Speed Ball Bearing
Authors: Feng Yuxiang , Yao Jinyu , Sun Xiaohan , Yuan Cunqing
Published: February 2022

In order to reveal the lubrication characteristics of high-speed ball bearings under the sub-ring lubrication mode and improve the lubrication efficiency of ball bearings, a three-dimensional geometric model of high-speed ball bearings was established. By using multiple reference frame and VOF model, the two-phase flow field and temperature field of inner and outer ring in the bearing under different conditions were investigated, and the correlation law of lubricating oil flow and heat transfer was obtained. At the same time, the definition of the penetration rate was given quantitatively for the lubrication efficiency of the outer ring. The lubrication efficiency of ball bearings under-race lubrication was evaluated from the aspects of rotation speed and penetration rate. The results showed that the oil and gas distribution and temperature distribution in the lubrication under the ring are not uniform, and there was an obvious correlation between the two; the increase of speed reduced the oil volume fraction in the bearing. The oil distribution was more uniform which was useful for reducing the temperature difference between the inner and outer rings.
Fractional-Order PID and Active Disturbance Rejection Compound Control for Vacuum Induction Furnace
Authors: Li Bingyu , Guo Jining , Fu Ying
Published: February 2022

This paper proposes a compound control strategy which is generated by the combination of fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) and the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to improve temperature control accuracy for melting period of vacuum induction furnace. The method of ADRC does not rely on the accurate mathematical model of the controlled system. Due to the exist of the extended state observer, the ADRC can compensate the influence of the system on the output in a larger range, which is very suitable for the temperature control system of vacuum induction furnace with uncertainty. The method of FOPID control can improve the control quality of the system with the addition of two free variables. The robustness and capacity of resisting disturbance of the proposed method was verified by the simulation results.
Dynamic Multi-Depot Multi-Compartment Refrigerated Vehicle Routing Problem with Multi-Path Based on Real-Time Traffic Information
Authors: Hou Dengkai , Fan Houming , Ren Xiaoxue
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the dynamic multi-depot multi-compartment refrigerated vehicle routing problem with multi-path based on real-time traffic information, based on the idea of pre-optimization followed by real-time adjustment, a two stages optimization model with the goal of minimizing total cost is established. To solve this problem, this paper designed a hybrid chaotic genetic algorithm with variable neighbourhood search (HCGAVNS) to generate the initial routes. In the real-time adjustment phase, this paper proposed a path selection strategy to update the selected paths. Multiple experiments are constructed to verify the validity of the model and the algorithm. This research has important theoretical and practical significance.