bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties and structure of castings at different ladle processing of liquid and crystalizing steel
Authors: Chernyshov E. A. , Baev I. V. , Romanov A. D.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents studies on the effect of external influences when pouring-in high-strength alloyed steel into thin-walled metalshell molds with external cooling and into the same molds with suspension pouring-in (complex effect on hardened casting). Prerequisites for the selection of these technologies are considered. As control metal, we have investigated the casting received in volume liquid glass form. Macrostructure, cross-sectional view and mechanical properties of the metal at normal (+20 °C) and raised (+350 °C) temperatures were studied. The most dense and uniform structure and cross-sectional view were received in casting at complex influence. It was established that the main advantage of the offered technologies is increase in uniformity of mechanical properties on the section and height of castings, especially of plastic properties and impact strength. The anisotropy of properties on the section and height of pilot castings is much less, than in control casting. As a result of the studies, it was found that the external and complex effect on the forming casting allows one to affect the macrostructure and to improve the mechanical properties of castings at various test temperatures of the samples. In castings obtained in a metal-shell form with forced cooling, there is no noticeable difference in the mechanical properties both in height and in cross section of the casting. Moreover, the strength properties are by an average 100 MPa higher than that of the control casting, while maintaining high values of ductility and toughness.
Global Governance After the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors:   Centre for International Institutions Research (CIIR), Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Larionova Marina , Kirton John ,   University of Toronto
Published: October 2020

Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on international institutions and international relations is essential for shaping global governance for the post COVID crisis world. The authors review the actions of the key international institutions in response to the pandemic undertaken in January-March 2020 reflecting on three questions. First, were the actions undertaken by the international institutions adequate, coordinated and timely? Second, could the outbreak have been contained if the global governance system was not in a state of severe strain, with many of the gaps exposed and reforms promised in the wake of the 2009 financial and economic crisis unfulfilled, its key causes unaddressed and unilateralism rising among its key members? In addition, was the COVID-19 crisis exacerbated by the crisis of multilateralism? Third, and most difficult, what is the future of global governance after the COVID-19 crisis ends? The analysis of international institutions performance three months into the crisis leads to authors to conclude that there have been inadequate actions to produce a timely, coordinated international response from all the major multilateral organizations and from the newer plurilateral summit institutions of the BRICS, G7 and G20. The failure of these global governance institutions was due not only to the severe strains from leading members’ unilateralism and competition, but from the very architecture designed in 1945 that now poorly matches intensely globalized world. Global governance in the post COVID world should not descend into the old war-prone balance of power, nor flow from a new Bretton Woods-San Francisco as in 1944–1945 but from an intensification and expansion of G20 governance that will generate and coordinate more comprehensive, stronger multilateral organizations for the benefit of all.
Dissection of the ventricle at embryonic day 8.5 for single-nuclei RNAseq v1
Authors: Thi Hai Yen Tran not provided
Published: October 2020

This protocol demonstrates the step-by-step procedure of the ventricle dissection and cryopreservation at early mouse embryonic days for the subsequent single-nuclei RNAseq pipeline. This method is suitable for samples harvested from the genetically modified mouse model, which requires genotyping before pooling; or from several embryonic time points which are collected at different days.
Efektivitas Media Neo Snake and Ladder Game Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Fadliansyah Fauzi
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Neo Snake and Ladder Game media in increasing students' mathematical communication skills. The population in this study were fourth grade students of Sukaratu 4 Elementary School, Majasari District, Pandeglang Regency in the Academic Year of 2019/2020. The reseracher used simple random sampling. The data collection used tests of mathematical communication skills, observation, and documentation. The results showed that (1) the classical completeness test of students' mathematical communication skills reached a minimum limit of 68, (2) mathematical communication skills of Neo Snake and Ladder Game media had reached classical completeness of 75% and (3) the increase in average of mathematical communication skills using media Neo Snake and Ladder Games were better than the average mathematical communication skills of students without using Neo Snake and Ladder Games media. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that Neo Snake and Ladder Games media are effective in improving students' mathematical communication skills.
Work–Family Arrangement and Conflict: Do Individual Gender Role Attitudes and National Gender Culture Matter?
Authors: Bornatici Christina , Heers Marieke
Published: October 2020

This article examines the relationship between couples’ work–family arrangement and individuals’ perceived work–family conflict (WFC), considering individuals’ attitudes towards gender roles and national gender culture in 37 countries (N = 15,114). Previous research has shown that WFC depends on work and family demands and has mostly accounted for absolute time spent in paid and domestic work. We hypothesize that WFC depends on couples’ work–family arrangement in terms of time spent in paid, domestic and care work. We further expect that the relationship between couples’ work–family arrangement and WFC depends on individuals’ gender attitudes and national gender culture. To test these assumptions, we use the ISSP-2012 data and apply multilevel linear regression analyses. The findings indicate that an egalitarian work–family arrangement—that is, sharing paid, domestic and care work equally with one’s partner—is associated with lower levels of WFC. Moreover, individuals with egalitarian gender attitudes and an egalitarian work–family arrangement experience less WFC than individuals with inconsistent attitudes and behaviours. Individuals with consistent traditional attitudes and behaviours experience the most conflict. Finally, a more egalitarian gender culture relates to less WFC. Cross-level interactions indicate that the relationship between work–family arrangement and WFC is not mediated by countries’ gender culture.
The Transition to Parenthood in the French and German Speaking Parts of Switzerland
Authors: Zimmermann Regula , LeGoff Jean-Marie
Published: October 2020

After the first transition to parenthood, most couples adopt a gendered labor division, where mothers become main caregivers and fathers breadwinners of the family. By comparing two distinct language regions within one country, the present article explores how parents’ gendered labor division comes into existence and what role gendered culture and social policy play. The analysis draws on in-depth interviews with 23 German speaking and 73 French speaking participants from Switzerland. The results reveal that French speaking women and men presume an egalitarian labor division as parents. In German speaking regions, however, participants anticipate that mothers will become the main caregivers and fathers the breadwinners. It is shown that the labor market structure, which is in line with the male breadwinner norm, contributes to men’s full-time employment, whereas mothers’ labor market insertion is influenced by the acceptance of non-parental childcare and to a lesser extent by the offer of childcare facilities. Further, mothers experience more time conflicts than fathers, and the less mothers’ paid work is accepted, the more they suffer from feelings of guilt when being employed.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol No. 7
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2020

Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies. Protocol No. 7Protocol No. 7. Meeting on October 8, 1898. Chaired by D. 0. Ott.
Dermoid Cyst Case
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2020

Abstracts. Review of Obstetric and Gynecological literature: Russian.Sobustianskiy. A case of a dermoid cyst . (Protocol of the Caucasian Society, 1898, No. 2).The author describes a case where he removed two tumors in an 18-year-old woman: a small dermoid cyst of the right testicle with hair and teeth and another, cancerous-degenerated cyst of the left ovary.
A case of retention of the uterine ring in the vagina
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: October 2020

Abstracts. Review of Obstetric and Gynecological literature: Russian.Stein. A case of the uterine ring being detained in the vagina . (" Medical Review ", 1898, August).The author describes a case in which he had to extract a ring similar to Mayer, made from a wax and covered with crystalline formations; this ring was 6 1/ 3 years in the vagina.
Szczęście w strukturze normatywności (część I - Normatywność)
Authors: Niemczuk Andrzej
Published: October 2020

Etyka przedkantowska była zbudowana na schemacie, według którego w działaniu praktycznym człowiek powinien robić to, co go uszczęśliwia. Spór dotyczył tylko natury szczęścia i natury człowieka. Kantowskie zakwestionowanie uzasadnienia powinności za pomocą odwołań do szczęścia oraz teoria błędu naturalistycznego spowodowały, że współczesne teorie normatywności (oprócz jedynie utylitaryzmu) opierają się na zasadzie separacji normatywności od szczęścia, co w konsekwencji prowadzi do wyrugowania problematyki szczęścia z filozofii praktycznej. Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest argumentacja na rzecz następujących twierdzeń krytycznych: (a) bez odwołania do szczęścia normatywność nie może być zadowalająco ani wyjaśniona, ani uzasadniona; (b) utylitarystyczna koncepcja szczęścia nie nadaje się do uzasadnienia normatywności. Pierwszą część artykułu kończy zarys struktury normatywności wraz z propozycją odpowiedzi na pytanie: dlaczego powinienem respektować normatywność? Druga część artykułu prezentuje taką koncepcję szczęścia, która normatywności nie wyklucza, lecz stanowi dla niej niezbędne uzasadnienie. Po zidentyfikowaniu desygnatu pojęcia szczęścia scharakteryzowany zostaje jego rdzeń w postaci eutymii, pojmowanej jako stabilne zadowolenie z faktu bycia podmiotem. Całość jest zakończona argumentacją pokazującą komplementarność szczęścia i normatywności.
İstihdam Oluşturmayan Büyümenin Türkiye’de ve OECD Ülkelerinde Geçerliliği
Authors: KÜÇÜKAKSOY İsmail , SONGUR Deniz
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada, seçili 5 yüksek gelişmiş (Kanada, Almanya, Japonya, İsveç ve ABD) OECD ülkesi ve 5 orta gelişmiş (Şili, Macaristan, Meksika, Polonya ve Türkiye) OECD ülkesi için 2010-2017 dönemi arasında çeyreklik veriler kullanılarak ‘‘İstihdamsız Büyüme Hipotezi’’nin test edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Hipotez; ekonomik büyüme arttığında bunun işsizliği azaltmayacağını iddia eder. Çalışmada öncelikle kurulan modeldeki değişkenlerin durağanlık analizleri (Levin, Lin ve Chu; Im, Pesaran ve Shin; Breitung) yapılmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkilerin olup olmadığı koentegrasyon analizi ile (Pedroni ve Kao) araştırılmıştır. Son aşamada ise değişkenler arasındaki uzun dönemli kat sayılar Tam Düzeltilmiş En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi (FMOLS) ve Dinamik En Küçük Kareler Yöntemiyle (DOLS) tahmin edilmiştir. Yapılan uygulama sonucunda şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: a) Değişkenlere uygulanan birim kök testleri sonucunda, değişkenlerin düzey değerlerde durağan olmadıkları ancak birinci farkları alındığı zaman %1 önem seviyesinde durağanlaştıkları tespit edilmiştir. b) Pedroni Panel Koentegrasyon ve Kao Panel Koentegrasyon test sonuçları ise; %5 önem düzeyinde değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. c) FMOLS ve DOLS yöntemlerine göre ‘‘İstihdamsız Büyüme Hipotezi’’ panel bazında değerlendirildiğinde geçerli değildir. Ülkeler bazında değerlendirildiğinde; Türkiye, Macaristan, Polonya, Meksika, Kanada, Almanya, Japonya ve İsveç ülkelerinde geçerli değildir, ABD’de ise geçerlidir.
Yenilikçi Davranış Ölçeğinin (YDÖ) Türkiye’ye Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: PALA Osman , TURAN Nuray
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Lukes ve Stephan’ın (2017) geliştirdiği Yenilikçi Davranış Ölçeği (YDÖ) Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenirliğini test etmektir. Çalışmanın örneklemi akademisyenlerden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, ölçeğin orjinali ile aynı faktörlere sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bunlar “fikir üretimi, fikir arama, fikir iletişimi, uygulamaya başlama faaliyetleri, diğerlerini dahil etme, engellerin üstesinden gelme ve yenilikçi çıktı” olmak üzere yedi faktördür. Ölçeğin içsel tutarlılık ve güvenilirlik değerleri hem ölçeğin geneli hem de tüm faktörler için uygun çıkmış ve sonuçlar birlikte değerlendirildiğinde ölçeğin tamamının güvenilir olduğu görülmüştür. Genel olarak yapılan analizler dikkate alındığında, Türkiye’de yenilikçi davranışı ölçmek amacıyla uyarlanan bu ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Böylece ölçeğin, gelişime açık bir alan olarak yenilikçi davranış ölçümü için yararlı olacağı düşünülmekte, gelecekte farklı araştırmalarda bağımlı ve bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılması önerilmektedir. Aynı zamanda ölçeğin bu haliyle organizasyonlar için uygulamada çalışan davranışı ölçümlerine ve geliştirilecek eğitim-geliştirme programları ile projelere destek olacağı öngörülmektedir.
ANALİTİK HİYERARŞİ SÜRECİ (AHP) İLE MOBİLYA SANAYİ SEKTÖRÜNDE EN UYGUN TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİNE YÖNELİK BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AKYÜZ Kadri Cemil , TUGAY Turan , PERÇİN Selçuk , YILDIRIM İbrahim
Published: October 2020

Karar alma ve uygulama, işletmelerin zaman
harcadığı ve yatırım yaptığı hayati bir süreçtir. Sistematik ve mantıksal
yaklaşımlarla karar verme sorununa aranan başarılı çözümler için çok kriterli
karar verme yöntemleri (ÇKKV) karar vericilere destek olmaktadır. Orman
ürünleri sanayi sektörü içerisinde yer alan mobilya sanayi girdi, elde edilen
çıktı ve sahip olduğu ileri ve geri bağlantıları nedeni ile sektörün en yoğun
üretim yapısına sahiptir.  Fazla sayıda
tedarikçi ile çalışmak zorunda olan mobilya sanayi alanında üretim sürecinin
aksamaması için tedarikçi seçimi son derece önemli olup başarı için vazgeçilmez
niteliktedir. Bu çalışmada Trabzon Organize
Sanayi Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren bir mobilya fabrikasında ÇKKV
yöntemlerinden olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi (AHY-AHP) ile en uygun tedarikçi
seçim sürecinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen ana ve alt
kriterler yardımıyla yapılan istatistiksel çözümleme ile tedarikçiler
sıralanmış ve mobilya fabrikası için uygun öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Assessment of periodontal status in adults with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Deheriya Manish , Bhargava Anuj , Pippal Dushyant , Ahirwar Anupama
Published: October 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders known to exhibit a myriad of complications over a period of time. Periodontal disease is the sixth most common complication in diabetic patients. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal status of adult diabetic patients.Methods: 100 diabetic patients in the age group of 25-80 years fulfilling the inclusion criteria were examined by a calibrated WHO CPI probe to assess their periodontal status as per the scoring criteria of the community periodontal index. Student t test, Chi square test and ANOVA F were applied for statistical analysis. p>0.05 was considered not significant and p<0.01 was considered highly significant.Results: A prevalence of 73% periodontitis was found in diabetic study population with statistically high significance (p=0.001) found according to age. A total of 52% Shallow pockets and 15% Deep pockets were reported respectively in middle (41-56 years) and older (57-80 years) age groups. Further, 47% male population was found to have statistically significant (p=0.027) more periodontitis (shallow and deep periodontal pockets) compared to female (26%) population.Conclusions: Within limitations of the study it may be safely concluded that assessment of periodontal status of DM patients revealed chronic periodontal destruction particularly in age groups beyond 40 years in majority of study population depicting that age is significantly associated with the increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes.
Evaluation of serum homocysteine in young patients presenting with myocardial infarction: a study from rural Maharashtra
Authors: Khedkar Sudam V. , Kumar Sudeep , Patil Praveen , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: October 2020

Background: It has been shown that elevated serum homocysteine levels are associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. Also, higher homocysteine concentrations in IHD or stroke patients than in controls have been reported. Some prospective and case-control studies with inconsistent results, some with highly significant results and others with no association have been observed. Objective of the study was to evaluate the serum homocysteine level in young myocardial infarction patients of rural hospital.Methods: The present hospital based cross sectional observational study was carried out in Department of Medicine, MIMER Medical College and Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade, Pune. The study population included 45 young patients having acute myocardial Infarction coming to our hospital. The data thus collected was entered in MS excel sheet and analysed by using SPSS 24.0 IBM USA.Results: Mean age of the study cohort was 36.7 years with 48.9% cases in between the age of 31-40 years and 33.3% were in the age range of 41-45 years. Male predominance was seen in the study cases with 68.9% males and 31.1% females. Prevalence of hyperhmocysteinemia was observed as 64.4% in present study. Mortality rate in our study was 6.67%. Serum homocysteine and all lipid parameters were in positive correlation except High-density lipoprotein which has negative correlation. Homocysteine levels were correlating significantly with level of atherosclerosis as measured by Gensini score.Conclusions: Coronary heart disease is related to high serum homocysteine concentration. Serum homocysteine levels also correlates well with the severity of MI.
An epidemiological study of the clinico-social profile of animal bite patients attending the anti-rabies clinic of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi
Authors: Panda Manasi , Kapoor Richa , Ramesh Vasanthi
Published: October 2020

Background: Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). Annually about 59,000 persons die of rabies, of which 20,000 are from India alone. Rabies though 100% fatal is preventable with post-exposure prophylaxis which includes wound washing, anti-rabies vaccination (ARV) and rabies immunoglobulin. The objective of the present study was to describe the clinico-social profile of animal bite patients attending the anti-rabies clinic of a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi.Methods: A longitudinal descriptive hospital-based study was conducted in the anti-rabies clinic of Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital (VMMC and SJH), New Delhi from February 2019 to July 2020. Study participants were interviewed by using a semi-structured, pre-designed and pre-tested proforma. Data regarding socio-demographic and clinical profile of the study participants following animal bite exposure was collected.Results: The total number of animal bite victims enrolled in the study were 360. Majority of the bite victims belonged to adult population (20-59 years). Majority were males (73.9%). 58.9% were working and 27.5% were students. Most bites belonged to category III (80.8%). Dogs (88.1%) were the most common biting animal. 79% of the bites were provoked.Conclusions: Knowing the socio-demographic characteristics and the clinical profile of animal bite victims gives an idea about important baseline characteristics of animal bite victims and the burden of the disease. As in majority cases dogs are involved, steps should be taken to control stray dog population in co-ordination with the Non-government organizations (NGOs) and Municipal Corporations.
Self-directed learning readiness among II and III MBBS students in a tertiary teaching hospital
Authors: Prabhakar Ram , Masilamani Thiruvenkadam , Ananthan Velmurugan Anbu
Published: October 2020

Background: Self-directed learning (SDL) is defined as an instructional stratagem where the medical students, with guidance from the teacher, choose what and how they will learn. The current study is aimed at finding the readiness for SDL among medical students and its association with their socio demographic characteristics.Methods: An Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 II Bachelor of medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students and 100 III MBBS students of Theni Government Medical College. The readiness assessment of the students was found by using Fischer’s 40 items SDL readiness score (SDLRS) instruments. The instrument has 40 items under three domains self-management (9 items), desire for learning (16 items) and self-control (15 items).Results: Only 29% were aware of SDL. Around 55% showed high readiness for SDL (>150). Females had higher readiness for self-directed learning than males (60.9% versus 39.1%) but the mean SDLR score was similar 152.5 versus 151.6. III MBBS medical students had higher score than II MBBS medical students (58.2% versus 48.8%, mean SDLR score 149.9 versus 154.2, p=0.011). Demonstrating higher readiness for SDL was not associated with area of residence, stay, presence of doctor in the family, type of schooling, medium of school education, age and gender.Conclusions: There is need of hour to address medical students’ SDL skills to update their competencies. SDL readiness scales help medical faculty to assess students’ learning capabilities and improve teaching learning strategies.
Uwarunkowania budowy i rozwoju bazy morskiej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w Dżibuti
Authors: Jureńczyk Łukasz
Published: October 2020

Przedmiotem artykułu są uwarunkowania budowy i rozwoju bazy morskiej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w Dżibuti. Składa się on ze wstępu, trzech części i zakończenia. We wstępie omówione zostały założenia metodyczne artykułu. W pierwszej części przedstawiono powody lokalizacji pierwszej zagranicznej bazy morskiej Chin w Dżibuti. Druga część została poświęcona kwestiom budowy i rozwoju bazy. W trzeciej części przeanalizowano konsekwencje umiejscowienia chińskiej bazy w Dżibuti dla strategicznej rywalizacji między panstwami. Badania uwzględniają zarówno perspektywę lokalną, regionalną, jak i globalną. W zakończeniu zamieszczono najważniejsze wnioski i podsumowania oraz perspektywy rozwoju bazy w Dżibuti i dalszych działań ChRL w zakresie morskiej ekspansji.
Współczesna polityka Chin wobec religii
Authors: Religa Małgorzata
Published: October 2020

Ostatnie czterdzieści lat reform i otwarcia w Chinach przyniosło wiele zmian i poprawek w polityce państwa chińskiego wobec religii. Została ona włączona do ogólnej polityki państwa i uznana za ważną część pracy partii. Podstawą teoretyczną państwowej polityki religijnej jest „Teoria religii o cechach chińskich”. W 2015 r. Xi Jinping po raz pierwszy stwierdził potrzebę „uporczywości w sinizacji religii”. Jego rozumienie „sinizacji” dotyczyło nie tylko religii obcych, takich jak islam czy chrześcijaństwo, ale także rdzennego daoizmu, co oznacza, że we współczesnym oficjalnym języku ChRL termin „sinizacja religii” ma nowe znaczenie, różni się od bardziej tradycyjnego rozumienia tego słowa. W rzeczywistości został przetłumaczony na publikacje w języku angielskim jako „chińskie wyznanie religii”; jeszcze bardziej stosownym tłumaczeniem byłaby jednak „ChRLizacja religii”, ponieważ „sinizacja” oznacza przede wszystkim posłuszeństwo zasadom KPCh i „dostosowanie się do potrzeb społeczeństwa socjalistycznego”. W tym artykule zarysowano ewolucję teorii religii z chińskimi cechami, tak jak jest ona rozumiana i prezentowana w oficjalnych publikacjach, oraz spróbowano przeanalizować zakres założonej „sinizacji religii” we współczesnych Chinach.
A Polish Adaptation of the Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale: Internal Structure, Reliability, and Validity
Authors: Gerymski Rafał , Krok Dariusz
Published: October 2020

The aim of this article was to present a Polish adaptation of the Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale (MEMS) developed by George and Park (2017). The scale proposes a tripartite view of meaning in life, measuring it in three different dimensions: Comprehension, Purpose, and Mattering, which is a new interesting approach to the conceptualization of this factor from a broader, existential perspective. The scale testing procedure involved a research sample consisting of 401 participants. In addition to the MEMS scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Purpose in Life Test (PIL) were used. The results obtained with the Polish version confirmed its reliability and validity, and the three-factor structure. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was .91 for the entire scale and oscillated between .72 and .89 for the subscales. The Polish MEMS contains 9 items; therefore, it is a short tool which can be successfully used in research on meaning in life.
O sujeito (in)completo e o tempo (en)capsulado: a falha como constitutiva do sujeito e da sociedade
Authors: Freitas Silvane Aparecida de , Aguiar Celso Ricardo Ribeiro de
Published: October 2020

Partimos do pressuposto teórico de que o ato de significar depende das posições dos sujeitos no discurso, junto ao contexto sócio-histórico e à memória (o saber discursivo, o já-dito). Neste artigo, objetivou-se problematizar as noções de incompletude da linguagem como constitutiva do sujeito e da sociedade. Para isso, utilizou-se dos pressupostos da Análise de Discurso de orientação francesa, visando a analisar a materialidade discursiva de um enunciado inscrito em uma placa de bronze fixada numa laje de concreto, no chão da entrada do Museu Nacional, na Quinta da Boa Vista, cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Após análise do excerto selecionado, concluiu-se que como o sujeito se constitui na e pela linguagem, a incompletude, a falha, vem à tona.
Aspectos socioculturais expressos no léxico da língua: uma análise dos lexemas ‘quilombo’ e ‘quilombola’
Authors: Sousa Ruberval Rodrigues de , Castiglioni Ana Claudia , Klinger Karylleila dos Santos Andrade
Published: October 2020

No léxico estão registrados os elementos culturais e sociais de um grupo, e sendo tais elementos dinâmicos, acompanham o processo de transformação social ao longo dos tempos. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma análise a respeito dos significados atribuídos aos lexemas ‘quilombo’ e ‘quilombola’, observando as definições quando figuram como palavra-entrada e quando são encontrados nos enunciados lexicográficos de outras unidades léxicas, em relação à situação dos negros ao longo da história brasileira. A análise foi feita a partir de consulta aos dicionários Bluteau (1728), Moraes e Silva (1789), Silva Pinto (1832), Ferreira (1975, 1986, 2004, 2010) e Houaiss (2001) e às obras de Senna (1938), Souza (1939), Ramos (1953), Carneiro (1947). Tomamos como fundamentos teórico-metodológicos estudos em Lexicologia e Lexicografia, bem como pesquisas voltadas para o entendimento dos aspectos socioculturais da comunidade negra. O resultado desta investigação evidencia o fato de que a produção lexicográfica existe em uma espécie de simbiose com a questão sociocultural do momento vivido para ser contextualizada e entendida. As questões culturais e sociais interferem diretamente na formação e na utilização do léxico pelos usuários. As várias acepções analisadas, à exceção das definições contidas no Houaiss (2001), que são ressalvadas pela marcação temporal com verbo no tempo passado e o advérbio temporal “outrora”, que remetem e limitam as conceituações a um momento do passado, fornecem ao consulente informações enraizadas em um passado discriminatório e excludente da história, refletidas no léxico brasileiro do português.
Crononímia e a identidade do tempo
Authors: Nascimento Neto Reginaldo
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho pretende discutir que os cronônimos - a denominação das divisões do tempo - têm sido apenas descritivos ou designativos, pois o tempo ainda está longe de ser entendido. Dessa forma, este estudo de Crononímia detém-se no exame dos nomes de fenômenos temporais, e tem como meta, descortinar a motivação inicial de determinado cronônimo bem como o momento e as circunstâncias em que se rompeu sua camada semântica primeva, redirecionando uma nova fluição de sentido para novas ramificações de significados, isto é, o esvaziamento semântico. Supõe-se que a crononímia, ou forma de nomear o tempo, empregada pelas civilizações, revela motivações cinético-astrais, espaço-ambientais, religiosas e, ou metafóricas. Dessa forma, então, os cronônimos envelopariam descrições desses fenômenos sob a ótica dos paradigmas de cada época, que ao serem descortinados, resgatam a referência científica e antropológica basilar da identidade do tempo eclipsada pelo contínuo esvaziamento semântico. Busca-se âncora teórica em autores como Bakhtin (1990), Dick (1990), Dick (1998), Piettre (1997), entre outros, e analisam-se etimologia e fluição histórico-semântica para os termos de tempo como segundo, minuto, hora, dia, semana, mês, ano, século, Era e suas subdivisões crononímicas, com o propósito de identificar as motivações do nomeador.
O valor contrajuntivo de "acontece que"
Authors: Dias Nilza Barrozo , Corrêa Karina da Silva
Published: October 2020

O artigo analisa os micropassos de mudança linguística da construção contrajuntiva “acontece que”, utilizando pressupostos teóricos do Funcionalismo norte-americano e da LCU. Ao investigarmos textos dos séculos XV ao XXI, computamos 93 ocorrências em três padrões de uso. O primeiro padrão, contexto-fonte, apresenta o verbo acontecer que predica um sujeito oracional, num cotexto contrastivo, marcado por oposição lexical; um segundo padrão, [X acontece que], contexto crítico, instancia “acontece que” com função de focalizador da informação, sempre antecedido por conectores contrajuntivos, “mas”, e, “agora”; um terceiro padrão, [Aconteceque], contexto isolado, apresenta a gramaticalização de “acontece que” como focalizador e como operador argumentativo de contraste. Observa-se que, dentre os valores semânticos da conjunção prototípica “mas”, propostos por Neves (2011), a construção “acontece que” apresenta: contraposição de informação (parcialmente) nova, restringindo negativamente A; contraposição independente, sendo B um elemento não esperado; ou ainda o elemento B nega tudo o que foi considerado em A.
Основы теории безопасности города с точки зрения юридической урбанологии
Authors: Грищенко Леонид Леонидович , Таболин Владимир Викторович , Корбельникова Юлия Леонидовна
Published: October 2020

Российская Федерация является высоко урбанизированной страной. Представители истории, социологии, экономики и других наук давно ведут исследования различных аспектов городской жизнедеятельности. Юридическая теоретическая наука существенно отстает в этом вопросе, в частности, остается мало изученным правовое формирование системы безопасности человека в городе. В связи с этим авторами с позиции юридической урбанологии дан обзор научных трудов представителей различных наук о городе, выделены объекты и методы исследования, которые носят системный, структурно-функциональный и специальный характер. Представлено авторское понятие города и его безопасности, приведены классификации угроз для его жителей, предложена методика их оценки на основе концепции приемлемого риска, представлено законодательство об обеспечении безопасности в городе и специальный паспорт безопасности города. Выделены негативные последствия и характер их влияния на состояние жизнедеятельности города. Результаты исследования могут иметь практическое применение при решении проблем безопасности города как части общенациональной задачи по обеспечению безопасности и благополучия человека.
Особенности государственного управления в области киберспорта
Authors: Редькина Алена Игоревна
Published: October 2020

Компьютерный спорт (киберспорт) в настоящее время динамично развивается, развиваются и подходы к правовому обеспечению в данной сфере с учетом как специфики самого спорта в целом, так и особенностей данного направления. В силу того, что киберспорт является сравнительно молодым направлением, в настоящее время отсутствуют универсальные подходы к правовому регулированию и государственному управлению в данной области на национальном уровне. Особенности правового обеспечения и государственного управления в сфере киберспорта, хотя и являются предметом научного интереса как российских, так и зарубежных ученых, не исследованы в полной мере. В с вязи с э тим а втором рассмотрены некоторые специфические особенности киберспорта как предметно-объектной области государственного управления с учетом представленных в научной литературе позиций, приведены существующие подходы к реализации государственного управления в данной сфере на примере Франции, США, Республики Корея. В результате выделены наиболее применимые модели государственного управления в области киберспорта. Сделан вывод о том, что наиболее целесообразным будет не включение в законодательство о спорте новых специализированных положений, касающихся лишь киберспорта, а совершенствование общего правового регулирования в этой области, в том числе в части защиты интеллектуальных прав.
Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Patients with Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: KAVAK Nezih , DOĞAN Burcu , SULTANOĞLU Hasan , KAVAK Rasime Pelin , ÖZDEMİR Meltem
Published: October 2020

Objective: We aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, who had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) below 15, and who had cerebral lesions detected in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Method: The age, gender, causes of CO intoxication, clinical signs, neurological findings, GCS, blood carboxyhemoglobin level (COHb), serum pH, lactate, creatine kinase (CK), creatinine kinase-myocardial band MB (CK-MB), troponin-I level, brain MRI findings, treatment, and mortality status of 327 patients were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: The median age of patients was 31.5 years (IQR=19.5 years), 72.2% of the patients were women. Neurological findings were detected in 34 (10.4%) of the patients. The frequency of dyspnea was significantly higher in patients with neurological findings (p<0.05). The COHb and lactate levels of patients with neurological findings were found to be significantly high, the pH level was significantly lower (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between the presence of neurological findings and CK, CK-MB, and troponin-I levels (p>0.05). Patients with neurological findings were found to have a significantly longer follow-up period,
more frequently received hyperbaric oxygen therapy (p<0.05). The rate of hospitalization was 10.7%, the mortality rate was 0.9%. Hospitalization and mortality rates were significantly high in patients with neurological findings (p <0.05). Pathological findings were detected in 13 (40.6%) of 32 of patients who had an MRI.
Conclusion: It was determined that acute CO poisoning may lead to acute brain damage, 40% would be detected in brain MRIs taken in patients during the acute phase.
Prevalence of Gastroeneteritis Caused by Rotavirus in the Children of Southeastern Anatolia
Authors: GÜZELÇİÇEK Ahmet , AYDIN Seher
Published: October 2020

Objective: Acute gastroenteritis is an important cause for morbidity and mortality in the children. Rotavirus is an important viral agent in the aetiology of childhood gastroenteritis globally. Rotavirus may vary depending on the climate and geographical territory. The aim of the present study was to search for the prevalence of rotavirus in paediatric patients who have referred due to acute gastroenteritis in Sanlıurfa province of South-eastern Anatolia.
Method: Stool sample records of 5,777 cases who have referred to Harran University Hospital because of gastroenteritis between march 2016 and March, 2018 were evaluated according to the age, season and month.
Results: Rotavirus antigens were detected in 532 (9.2%) stool samples. The cases with positive viral antigen were most common in 13 to 24-month age group by 36.8%. The most common period was fall with a rate of 35.3%, and the most common month was October by 15.6%.
Conclusion: Rotavirus gastroenteritis is observed with a prevalence rate of 9.2% in Sanliurfa province of South-eastern Anatolia. Rotavirus, the most common agent for gastroenteritis in paediatric patients below 2 years of age, between 13 and 24 months in particular, should be searched during October in fall season.
Evaluation of Langerhans Cell Density in Oral Lichen Planus and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: YILDIZ Pelin , SÖNMEZ Fatma , TOSUNER Zeynep , AYTUĞAR Emre
Published: October 2020

Objective: Oral mucosa exposed to many external factors. It has been suggested that oral pathologies may be related to cell-mediated immunity. Dendritic cells are antigen presenting cells that initiate adaptive cellular response. Langerhans cells(LCs), an important member of this group. Oral lichen planus(OLP) is a common chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The most common malignancy in the oral cavity is oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). In this study, we aimed to understand the role of LCs in OLP and OSCC which has an important role in mucosal defense.Method:A total of 74 biopsies taken from Dentistry Department between 2013-2016 were included into the study. The 74 cases;36 OLP, 28 OSCC and 10 normal mucosa as a control group were retrospectively re-evaluated. After selecting appropriate blocks, to evaluate Langerhans cells Langerin was applied immunohistochemically. Basal and suprabasal located immune positive Langerhans cells were counted in 1mm2 areas in each case.Results:In our study, female(60%) predominancy in OLPs, male predominancy(58%) in OSCCs were reported. Age distribution mean was 53±12 in OLPs and 61±21 in OSCCs. OLP was localized in the buccal mucosa in 86% of patients, whereas this rate was only 11%in OSCC cases. LCs density was 87(57-105) in the control group, 104(84-143) in OLPs, and 82(48-128) in OSCCs.Conclusion:LC density was found significantly higher in OLPs compared to control group and OSCCs.In literature, variable results were published. Determining the density of Langerhans cells in these diseases can be a guide in terms of the pathogenesis of the disease and the improvement of treatment options.
The role of Meteorological Parameters in COVID-19 Infection
Authors: İNCE Nevin , YILDIZ GÜLHAN Pınar , GÜLEÇ BALBAY Ege , ÖZTÜRK Cihadiye , ÖNMEZ Attila
Published: October 2020

Objective: The SARS-CoV-2 infection outbreak was given the name Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Meteorological parameters are one of the most important factors affecting infectious diseases. The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation between meteorological parameters and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: One hundred ninety-seven COVID-19 patients diagnosed and treated in the Turkish province of Düzce between 29.03.2020 and 04.05.2020 were included in this study.
Results: We found the relationship between air quality parameters and COVID-19 case numbers revealed significant negative correlation between positive patient number and air temperature, relative humidity, and NO2, and significant positive correlation with air pressure, but no correlation with PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO, or CO.
Conclusions: Our findings are important as a preliminary study, since interactions between air pollutants and meteorological factors may be involved in the transmission and pathogenesis of COVID-19, and large-scale studies should now be designed for a better understanding of these interactions.
Formulation Of Ointment From Extract Combination Of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle), Green Betel Leaf (Piper betle L.) And Natural Zeolite As An Antibacterial Agent
Authors: Susanti Laila , Widodo Subur , Yusuf Mashuri , Sari Retno Fardila
Published: October 2020

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) and green betel (Piper betle L.) plants are native to Indonesia. Empirically betel leaf can be used as a wound healer, lemongrass leaves are widely used as medicine for insect bites. On the basis of information obtained from various literatures, in this research has been done formulation of ointment from extract combination of lemongrass,  green betel leaf and natural zeolite as antibacterial of Staphylococcus aureus. The use of zeolites based on features has a three-dimensional framework structure that is interconnected so that it has a large surface. Based on these reasons, it is believed that zeolites can increase the activity of active substances in ointments. The formulation of ointment extracts of lemongrass leaves-green betel leaves and zeolites with various dosages are KZ (zeolite control), KE (20% -5%), F1 (10% -6% + zeolite), F2 (20% - 5% + zeolite), F3 (30% -4% + zeolite), F4 (20% -0% + zeolite), F5 (0% -5% + zeolite) with a fixed amount of zeolite (2 gr). Evaluation of ointment preparations including organoleptic test, pH, homogeneity, spreading test and adhesion test showed results that met the requirements. The sample was tested for antibacterial activity  with positive control (gentamicin 0.1%) showed that all formulas can provide an inhibition zone against staphylococcus aureus, except KZ. Test results were analyzed using One Way Annova with sig (0,000) <p value (0,050) followed by Tukey's further tests. From this explanation it can be concluded that the formulation of ointment from extract combination of lemongrass leaves, green betel leaves and zeolites has antibacterial agent.
Sistema de enterramientos en Tulum
Authors: Vargas Pacheco Ernesto , Santillán S. Patricia
Published: October 2020

A pesar de la enorme riqueza arqueológica del país, el estudio de los enterramientos humanos en el área maya puede considerarse relativamente limitado debido principalmente a agentes ambientales como son: la temperatura, la humedad y la composición química del terreno (Comas 1966). Panorama que en los últimos años ha cambiado considerablemente, pues las exploraciones se han multiplicado y se tiene en la actualidad colecciones óseas de gran importancia, algunas en proceso de estudio y otras ya publicadas.
El conquistador y el jurisconsulto. Testimonios sobre Itzá
Authors: Ruz Sosa Mario Humberto
Published: October 2020

A pesar de sus características particulares, determinadas en buena medida por el hecho de haber sido el último señorío del mundo maya, si no es que del mesoamericano, incorporado al dominio colonial español (176 años después de la caída de Tenochtitlan), poco es en realidad lo que sabemos del pueblo Itzá. La última obra de envergadura a é1 dedicada fue escrita por Juan de Villagutierre Soto-Mayor, relator del Consejo de Indias, en 1701; hace casi 300 años.
Circulación de mercancías en el puerto de Villa Hermosa, Tabasco. Visión cuantitativa a través del derecho de alcabala
Authors: Ruiz Abreu Carlos Enrique
Published: October 2020

El Archivo General de la Nación conserva basta hoy documentos inéditos de gran importancia historiográfica para reconstruir la historia de buena parte de las provincias de la Nueva España en la época colonial. Cada día m1s investigadores han utilizado mejor los documentos primarios, con el fin de acercarse a la objetividad del hecho histórico que estudian; sin embargo, otros muchos escritos permanecen en las sombras del anonimato, esperando que algún estudioso los rescate. Hace poco más de una década comenzamos la tarea de rescatar documentos sobre la historia de Tabasco, principalmente de la Colonia; las sorpresas han sido constantes; entre ellas están el presente Libro Real de Alcabalas de 1778 y múltiples documentos de la época. Dicho libra -que fue rescatado del fondo documental de Alcabalas, sin arden alguno- revisten importante descubrimiento tanto para la historia cuantitativa como cualitativa de esta provincia.
Lenkersdorf, Carlos. Tojolabal para principiantes. Lengua y cosmovisión mayas en Chiapas, Centro de Reflexión Teológica, México, 1994
Authors: Ríos Meneses Miriam Beatriz
Published: October 2020

El distinguido mayista doctor Carlos Lenkersdorf, que ha contribuido mucho a los estudios mayas, especial mente al tojolabal -por ejemplo con el Diccionario tojolabal-español ( 1979) y con el compañero de este, Diccionario español- tojolabal (1981)-, acaba de enriquecer los estudios de este idioma mayance con un libro mas reciente. La primera parte del titulo hace a uno creer que se trata de un libro para los que van a empezar a estudiar tojolabal. Entonces, ¿qué se espera de un libro de esta índole? Que contenga aclaraciones apropiadas de la estructura del idioma con ejercicios para aplicar lo que los alumnos han aprendido, y además textos con preguntas. Si carecen de estos aspectos, pueden causar dificultades para los alumnos. Lo mencionado y especificado ahora ejemplifica lo que un libro para principiantes debe abarcar.
Ciclos petistas de ajuste e suas contradições
Authors: Rodrigues Júnior Natan dos Santos , Carvalho Alba Maria Pinho de , Guerra Eliana Costa , Moura Luciana Ribeiro
Published: October 2020

O artigo apresenta configurações do “Brasil do Presente”, tomando como referência a última década do século XX e as duas primeiras do século XXI, tendo como marco histórico-político, processos de inserção tardia e dependente do Brasil ao capitalismo financeirizado, a circunscrever o chamado ajuste estrutural brasileiro. Busca delinear os percursos deste processo de ajuste, ao longo das últimas três décadas, com ênfase na análise dos ciclos petistas de ajuste. Para adentrar no modelo brasileiro de ajuste rentista-neoextrativista, fundado na composição orgânica entre capital financeiro e capital vinculado ao neoextrativismo e ao agronegócio, analisa perspectiva petista de conciliação de classes, a consubstanciar-se nos governos de Luís Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Rousseff, mediante a consolidação das políticas de ajuste, em articulação com políticas de enfrentamento à pobreza. Em meio às inflexões do modelo petista, focaliza a tentativa de hibridização das políticas neoliberais com o neodesenvolvimentismo. Discute a crise brasileira contemporânea como o chão histórico do Golpe 2016. O artigo expressa um esforço crítico de pensar contradições nos ciclos de ajuste petistas, a gestar condições sócio-políticas para o avanço da extrema-direita, materializado em um governo ultraliberal, militarista, reacionário, em submissão aos ditames de segmentos conservadores do capital mundializado.