bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viewing Representative Behavior through the Lens of Social and Political Identity
Authors: Lauermann Robin
Published: October 2022

Much scholarly attention has been paid to the representative activities of members of the national legislature. Equally important to representative democracy, however, are the perceptions and evaluations of these members by their constituents. Using the 2000 American National Election Studies survey, this article assesses the impact of social and political identity in the formation of constituency perceptions of members of the U.S. House of Representatives. Demographic characteristics and political predispositions affect the relevance of the four measures of legislator responsiveness--policy, casework, district service, and symbolic responsiveness--to each constituent's evaluation. Ethnicity, age, gender, and education affect the degree of importance of each measure to constituents; women, minorities, and older citizens are more concerned with symbolic actions on the part of their representatives. Furthermore, the descriptive composition of a representative's constituency has an influence not only with respect to policy choices the member may make, but also with regard to understanding how particular behaviors are successful in establishing a relationship between the representative and those represented.
Federalism and the Pennsylvania Legislature
Authors: Leckrone J. Wesley , Gollob Justin
Published: October 2022

State governments use many tools to convey their policy preferences to the federal government. Most studies of these tools focus on intergovernmental lobbying groups of individual state representatives in Washington, D.C. Through instructive, these studies fail to compare political parties' intergovernmental issue priorities. Our article fills this void by means of a longitudinal analysis of legislative resolutions submitted to the federal government between 1979 and 2011 by state legislateors in Pennsylvania. This dataset reveals varying levels of support for federal policy among Pennsylvania's legislaters, depending on their partisan affiliation.
Local Government Mandates in Pennsylvania
Authors: Duda Holoviak Paula A.
Published: October 2022

Although the issue of state mandates has been off the agenda in recent years, the fiscal constraints imposed by the “new normal” for state and local governments has brought the issue to the foreground once again at the state level. This article examines the impact of state mandates as perceived by local governments in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania, as a Commonwealth, has a unique relationship with its many forms of local government, which results in policymaking by bargaining as well as by statute. This article is the result of a comprehensive 2010 survey of the types of state mandates and their impact and cost to local governments in Pennsylvania. This article focuses upon the different responses to state mandates generated by the varied types of local government in Pennsylvania. In particular, it focuses upon resource and administrative constraints for rural as opposed to urban municipalities.
Electoral Vote Allocation and Pennsylvania
Authors: Frederick Heather , |Kibble Terrance
Published: October 2022

The Pennsylvania General Assembly has introduced bills to reform the allocation of electoral votes in presidential elections. These reforms include changing from a winner-take-all (unit) system of allocating electoral votes to inclusion in the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact and adopting the congressional district method of allocating electoral votes. This paper argues that while there are substantial problems with the current method by which Pennsylvania (and most other states) allocate its electoral votes, the potential problems associated with reform proposals would not improve the fairness of the current system, the efficacy of citizens’ votes, nor the importance of the state of Pennsylvania in presidential elections.
Costa Rican Democracy
Authors: Peeler John S.
Published: October 2022

The article argues that the emergence and maintenance of Costa Rican democracy cannot be attributed to unique economic or social circumstances, but rather to identifiable elite actions that changed the character of political life. The argument is supported by a review of recent political history and an analysis of the functioning of the contemporary political system. This runs counter to a very common argument that attributes Costa Rica's unique democracy to the relative equality of wealth and status that has characterized the country since colonial times. A second persuasion emphasizes the virtual powerlessness of the mass of the population, but sees the maintenance of democracy as an outgrowth of a pluralistic dispersion of power and divergence of interests among the powerful minority. A third viewpoint, essentially the opposite of the first, sees the democratic regime as a continuation of patterns of class domination with deep historical roots. This article stands between the second and third schools of thoughts, attributing the democratic regime to explicit accommodations of interests among rival elites, while emphasizing the persistence of class domination in Costa Rican politics.
Pluralism and Democracy in Yugoslavia
Authors: Irwin Zachary T.
Published: October 2022

The present debate in Yugoslavia about "democratization" of the League of Communists is a consequence of the Party's heritage of anti-Stalinism, the constitutional evolution of the country, and the situation after Tito's death. Nearly two decades ago the Praxis group of political philosophers were the first to criticize the absence of intraparty democracy, and while many of these critics were silenced, their ideas have re-emerged in Yugoslavia during the economic crisis of the 1980's. Within the League, the debate has touched on its responsibility for public policy, its organizational principles, and its monopoly of power. Opposition to reform and fear of political change have limited practical effect of the debate, but it continues to raise fundamental questions ahout the meaning of democracy in a one party system.
The Political Economy of Colonialism in Puerto Rico
Authors: Collo Martin J.
Published: October 2022

This article is a rebuttal to the argument that Puerto Rico cannot be considered a colony of the United States because the people of the island have rejected independence. The position presented here is that the democratic process through which Puerto Ricans have seemingly rejected independence. The underlying theme of this article is that the Puerto Rican and U.S. ruling elites have not allowed the Puerto Rican masses to choose among all the possible status alternatives. By not adopting policies to develop the endogenous productive capacity of the insular economy, the elites have elimated economically viable independence as a status option.
Banking on Politics
Authors: Kowalewski David , Leonard Robin
Published: October 2022

The Establishment model of American politics is examined through a study of the political involvement of the largest 100 banks. Establishmentism posits a close and mutually beneficial relationship between economic and political elites. The findings indicate that larger; more transnational and economically connected banks from New York are indeed more politically involved with respect to campaign contributions and revolving doors. The implications of the findings are then discussed.
Public-Private Sector Relationships in Professional Sports
Authors: DeLaat Jacqueline
Published: October 2022

Relations between the public and private sectors are increasingly important, as service providers search for more efficient and effective ways to deliver both "public" and "private" services. This article explores the creative cooperation between public and private sectors in retaining the Pirate baseball franchise in Pittsburgh. The findings have implications for other troubled sports franchises, and potentially relate to other types of services, as well.
Forsaking the Market
Authors: Henderson Gordon P.
Published: October 2022

A central component of the American political ethos has been that there ought to be a complementary relationship between the liberal polity and free-market capitalism. When such a relationship exists the distinction between the two spheres is presumably dissolved by the liberty guaranteed by each to the other. This paper consists of an analysis of editorials and columns in the American prestige press on the question of the desirability of price and wage control during the 1940s and 1970s and assumes that such an issue highlights the relationship of politics and economics. The analysis reveals that the editorial position of the New York Times had changed from reluctant to strong support for controls based on a perceived crisis of fairness in the American political economy during the early 1970s. The concern with fairness during the 1970s was mirrored in reverse in Wall Street Joumal editorials and columns opposing controls and suggests that a scramble for economic shares had taken precedence over the more traditional concern to preserve political and economic liberty.
Party and Political Recruitment
Authors: O'Connor Robert E.
Published: October 2022

In comparison with other states, Pennsylvania has elected few women to its legislature. This research explores the role of party in determining access to the Pennsylvania House; this focus emerged after research eliminated other explanations (e.g., voter apathy, difficulty in raising money) for the paucity of women. All 37 freshman House members of the class of 1983 were interviewed to explore how they reached Harrisburg. In learning what factors accounted for their success, this study seeks to identify obstacles to the recruitment of women. Four distinct patterns of recruitment emerged, based upon party activities and prior political office. In each of these patterns, parties have a crucial role. One factor limiting female recruitment is that their political participation has been more focused toward non-partisan activities and groups concerned with specific issues rather than with parties. Political women who devote their energies to issues instead of party reduce their likelihood of becoming state representatives.
Modernity, Nobility, Morality
Authors: Tolle Gordon J.
Published: October 2022

Contrary to other scholarship on Strauss, this paper argues that Strauss understands himself as having decisively rejected Nietzschean thought. First, I hold that notwithstanding the agreement between Strauss and Nietzsche on the critique of modern culture, the defects of liberal democracy, and the flaws in some kinds of historicism, Strauss sees Nietzsche as unable to extricate himself from the trap of modern standards. Nietzsche's philosophy needs natural standards, but he denies that nature provides them. Second, I maintain that Strauss thinks Nietzsche differs from the classical standard of nobility and opposes the classics on the nature of man: for Nietzsche there are no natural ends. Third, I argue that in Strauss's view Nietzsche decisively rejects citizen morality and justice, whereas Strauss regards them as beneficial and politically defensible because they point the way toward his higher standard of natural right.
Agenda Setting and the Asbestos Issue
Authors: McQuaid Kathleen K.
Published: October 2022

Research on agenda setting suggests awareness of issues, discussion of particular issue topics, and identification of issues of current concern all tend to follow treatment of those issues in the media. Such research also contends that media attention to problems rises and falls independent of the severity of the problem. This study of the asbestos issue examines both the association between media definition of an issue and appearance of the issue on the public policy agenda, and the correspondence between background conditions and media issue attention. Results suggest qualified support for an issue redefinition hypothesis: replacement of one issue definition with another definition by the media is related to changes in issue publicity and issue agenda status. A second, media independence hypothesis, that media attention is only loosely associated with prevailing background conditions, was supported during both the rise and fall of the asbestos issue.
Joining International Organizations
Authors: Plischke Elmer
Published: October 2022

This study examines how the United States affiliates with multipartite international organizations, not only by the treaty, but also the executive agreement process. It examines these processes as a legal/political feature of executive-legislative relations, involving nearly 150 international organizations with which the United States has been affiliated since 1945. With few exceptions, Congress has cooperated with the President in developing a variety of techniques for such affiliation, and such coaction is not a post-World War II phenomenon, but began in the 1860s.
Re-thinking Ideological Diversity in Group Theory
Authors: Brettschneider Marla
Published: October 2022

In addition to clarifying points of unity within political groups, group theory must incorporate an analysis of ideological diversity within political groups and policy domains. Group theorists can begin to do so by attending to groups as dynamic players in a developing political process. Assumptions that differing groups will compete and thereby weaken public positioning must also by challenged. This article uses a case study of American pro-Israel politics to explore the expanded theory.
Is the South Still Different?
Authors: Beachler Donald
Published: October 2022

For several decades southern Democrats constituted a conservative bloc within the Democratic caucus in the House of Representatives. After the enfranchisement of southern blacks in the J 960s and the development of a two party system in the South, many southern Democratic representatives began to compile more moderate voting records. By the 1980s, some scholars were emphasizing the greater unity of the Democratic caucus. This paper examines regional differences among House Democrats in several policy areas. It is argued that, on most issues, the Southern Democratic delegation is still a distinctly conservative bloc within the Democratic caucus.
The Relevance of Gender
Authors: Githens Marianne
Published: October 2022

Information gathered as a participant observer on the Maryland judicial nominating commission and from hearings on gender bias in the Maryland courts, along with interviews, will be used to show that the attitudes of the gatekeepers toward women were less decisive than previous research suggested in having women appointed to the bench. It will be argued that the credentials of the male applicants played a more crucial role in the deliberations of the judicial nominating commission than positive attitudes towards women or gender neutral views.
Decentralization of Environmental Enforcement
Authors: Chaffey Douglas Camp
Published: October 2022

This article examines the consequences of one organizational structure (regional decentralization) on the enforcement of environmental regulations. Using interviews conducted with the staff of and data drawn from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the results of this study suggest that the reporting structure in the Pennsylvania air quality program sometimes produces conflicting directives to the various regional offices while also making efforts to arrive at a common approach to enforcement more difficult.
Thrust characteristics of a truncated Laval nozzle with a bell-shaped tip
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Ihnatiev O.D. , Pryadko N.S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Strelnikov G.O. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Ternova K.V. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the results of a thrust performance study of an unconventionally shaped supersonic nozzle in the form of a truncated Laval nozzle with a bell-shaped tip. This nozzle shape may be used in the development of compact layouts of multistage rockets. The study was carried out using the ANSYS software package in a 3D formulation. The methodological approaches to the numerical calculation of a complex separated gas flow used in this study were verified in a previous study of the flow pattern in similar nozzle. Some results of exact calculations were compared with the results of experimental studies carried out at the Institute of Technical mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine for a model of a similar truncated nozzle with a bell-shaped tip blown with a cold air. This study detailed the features of the separated gas flow in a spherical tip connected (at the corner point) to a truncated supersonic Laval nozzle of conical shape. It was found that the pattern of the separated flow in the tip depends on the nozzle flow expansion degree (nozzle inlet pressure). At a relatively low nozzle inlet pressure, a developed separation zone is observed in the nozzle tip (between the jet boundary and the nozzle wall) with a subsonic flow from the external environment, which forms an almost constant static pressure from the tip inlet cross-section to the tip exit. At a nozzle inlet pressure at which the free boundary of the jet flowing from the truncated nozzle adjoins the nozzle wall, the static pressure in the tip varies almost linearly along the tip length from the corner point with the minimum pressure to the tip exit. The dependence of the thrust of a tipped nozzle on the nozzle inlet pressure is nonlinear. As the pressure upstream of the nozzle increases (or the ambient pressure decreases), the effect of the external environment on the tipped-nozzle thrust diminishes. It is shown that under "terrestrial conditions" the thrust of a truncated nozzle with a tip exceeds the thrust of a profiled nozzle with the same geometric expansion degree (due to the atmosphere “entering” the tip). Under "vacuum” conditions, the former is 8% less than the latter.
Mathematical model of the operation of a different-scale two-component low-thrust jet engine system
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Knyshenko Yu.V. , Durachenko V.M. ,   M. K. Yangel Pivdenne State Design Office
Published: October 2022

The aim of this work is to modify a comprehensive mathematical model of a system of two-component low-thrust jet engines using the numerical method of characteristics in the propellant pipeline system with account for different sound speeds in the oxidizer and the fuel employing a unified method of pipeline discretization. This paper presents a unified approach to a numerical implementation of the method of characteristics for both fuel components and for regular computational cross-sections (internal for structural sections with constant geometrical and elastic parameters) and terminal cross-sections at the pipeline system inlets, the section joints, and the engine inlets for each propellant components. The approach accounts for the hydraulic resistances of the propellant injectors and electric propellant valves and the actual pressures in the engine combustion chambers. The performance of the mathematical model is illustrated by the example of the predesigning of a system of different-scale low-thrust engines to control the motion of a spacecraft relative to its center of mass in pitch, yaw, and roll and transfer the spacecraft to a new orbit (higher of lower) for maneuvering and docking with another spacecraft. The computed results show the possibility of determining the key hydraulic and gas-dynamic parameters of the system in transient conditions: the pressure and propellant component flow rate distribution at the inlet of any of the engines, the combustion chamber pressure and thrust characteristics of each engine, and the mutual effect of the engines on their thrust characteristics by the example of varying the flow areas of the propellant manifolds in the steady (continuous) and unsteady pulsed operation of all engines or some of them. The proposed mathematical model may be used in the computational justification of design parameters and operating conditions in the preparation of a draft proposal or in the predesign determination of an engine system configuration. Detailed information on the hydraulic and gas-dynamic performance parameters of an engine system is an important complement to the results of a ground tryout of both single engines and an engine system in conditions that simulate the flight environment.
Model for assessing the mass of a space industrial platform and its modules
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Palii O.S.
Published: October 2022

The goal of this paper is to develop mass models of a space industrial platform and its modules. At the initial stage of development of a new spacecraft, a limited set of basic data is available. For a space industrial platform, they are as follows: the configuration of its main and auxiliary modules, the parameters of the technological processes to be implemented on the platform (the vacuum and the microgravity level, the equipment energy capacity), and the manufacturing equipment configuration. A feature of industrial platform design is that there are few, if any, theoretical works on the choice of platform parameters and the logic of platform conceptual design. In this paper, the design process is considered as applied to the conceptual design stage. This stage is characterized by that nothing is known about the system to be developed except for the general concept of the platform layout, the expected types of the main service systems, some basic data, and the parameters of the technological processes to be implemented on the platform. The process of designing a new complex space system such as an industrial platform is a multilevel iterative and optimization process, during which its characteristics and the mass fractions of its components are determined and refined. The paper presents a mass model of an industrial platform and its modules, in whose development the platform and its components were decomposed to the level of system elements. A statistical analysis of the mass fractions of the onboard spacecraft systems was carried out. The mean values of the mass fractions for the sample of spacecraft under study and their scattering coefficients (the dispersion and the mean square deviation) were determined. For the mean values and the dispersion, 99.9 confidence intervals were determined. Further studies on the design of space industrial platforms are planned to be carried using the mass fractions of satellite systems and the confidence intervals, namely, the minimum and the maximum possible mass for a particular system, determined in this study.
An Update on Acute Coronary Syndrome and Myocardial Infarction Registries among Member Countries of the Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology
Authors: Liu Kien Ting , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Selvaraj Gunavathy , Chee Ban Lee , Muhamad Noor Amirah , Ahmad Wan Azman Wan , Fong Alan Yean Yip
Published: October 2022

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality globally, with most deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries. The present study aims to provide an overview of the characteristics of the national registries managed by member societies of the Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology (APSC). Methods: The APSC website was searched to identify member countries of the society. Using a combination of keywords, PubMed and Google advanced search were trawled to identify cardiovascular registries from each member country and publications generated from these registries. The number of citations each publication received was identified and correlated with the characteristics of each registry. Results: The search found 12 of the 23 member countries (52.2%) had developed a national cardiovascular registry; seven had acute coronary syndrome (ACS) registries and five had acute myocardial infarction (AMI) registries. The registries were primarily established to assess and improve cardiovascular care, and generated a total of 318 articles, a median of 11 articles per registry. There were variations in numbers of articles produced as well as in citations received, with more publications from high-income countries than middle-income countries. Conclusion: The majority of member countries of the APSC have established national ACS and AMI registries. While there were some inherent differences between countries in terms of output, these registries provide an invaluable resource for benchmarking cardiovascular care and could help contribute to local guidelines development.
Mysticism and Treatment: Tools of Healing and Case Study Practices of Spiritual Alternative Medicine in Boarding Schools
Authors: Fauhatun Fathin Fauhatun
Published: October 2022

The modern era is known as the era of progress in various aspects of human life, should be able to bring prosperity, build happiness together towards an ethical, moral life and create peace. However, what happens is very different, humans experience a lot of hardships, mental anxiety, tension and emotional stress. This study aims to reintroduce the values of Sufism and can be applied in everyday life. This research is a library research, so the pattern used is reflective-inductive deductive. By using a psychological approach. Discussing the relationship between Sufism and medicine, where previously Sufism was understood to tend to distance itself from social activities but it turns out that Sufism is not the case in modern times Sufism plays an important role in overcoming complaints faced by humans, in practice Sufism can be used as a means of treatment and methods used in carrying out Treatment using tasawuf can be done to overcome psychological problems, by cleansing the mind and re-practicing religious values in order to achieve the pleasure of Allah, to apply these treatment Islamic boarding schools are a forum for helping the application of treatment through Sufism.
Restor Environmental Awareness of Sufism Perspectives Due to the Lack of Human Spirituality Values
Authors: Anggraini Reni Dian
Published: October 2022

The environmental phenomenon that occurs is the result of the lack of spiritual values in humans, giving rise to a crisis in the environment. Humans are only concerned with their ego and also concerned with their ego in order to achieve what they want. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to try to restore awareness of the environment by means of Sufism so that it can restore the value of spirituality in humans. So the author uses a research method in the form of library research or library research, by collecting various related sources. Whether it's from books, journals and other articles related to the theme that the author adopts. The author collects data obtained from various related sources so that they make it into an article. The results of this paper indicate that the environmental crisis that occurs is caused by the actions of modern humans today who greatly glorify science and technology. So that modern humans are only fixated on their rational attitudes without thinking about the effects that will occur in the future. Therefore, a noise arises in himself so that humans feel the emptiness within themselves. Therefore, to restore awareness of the environment and also spirituality in humans, you can use Sufism. Sufism can be the basis of ethics to restore awareness of the environment through the process of zuhud, wara 'and faqir
Internal Structure Evaluation on the Indonesian Version of Psychological Well-Being Scales
Authors: Muttaqin Darmawan
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine the internal structure of the Indonesian version of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS). This is a quantitative and cross-sectional research with the convenience sampling method used to obtain data from 1,337 students. The validity of the PWBS internal structure is evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and composite reliability. The results showed that the Indonesian version of the 42-item PWBS and the 18-item PWBS do not have a satisfactory factor structure and internal consistency. Instead, it has few items that can accurately measure the concept of psychological well-being and are less able to represent the concept proposed by Ryff (1989). However, this research is not the only evidence that the Indonesian version of the PWBS cannot be used to measure psychological well-being.
Rasch Rating Scale Model: Bias Detection and Validation Test of Indonesian-Adolescent Life Satisfaction Scale
Authors: Natanael Yonathan , Salsabilla Rahmaditya , Aulia Denisa , Khoirunnisa Dwi , Munawar Husna Nursaid , Hidayat Nada Salsabila , Firdaus Romi Faizal
Published: October 2022

Life satisfaction instrument among psychology related analyses has weaknesses in terms of gender bias testing, especially among adolescents. Therefore, this research aims to develop and validate a life satisfaction instrument in the Indonesian language which is new and undetected by gender bias. The modern construct-oriented scale construction method was selected as a guide in developing the instrument, and the participants were 474 adolescents from various cities in Indonesia. At the initial screening stage using the Rasch model analysis, 54 participants were detected as outliers, hence further analysis was only conducted on 420. The results show that I-ALSS fulfills the assumptions of unidimensional and local independence, with a good reliability score. Furthermore, I-ALSS correctly categorizes answer choices into 8 items, without detecting gender bias. Therefore, it is a fairly good instrument to be used in Indonesia.
Teachers’ Work Engagement: The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Meaningful Work
Authors: Fridayanti Fridayanti , Kardinah N. , Lestari Turi Ati
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to determine the effect of perceived organizational support and meaningful work on engagement. The design used was cross-sectional research with the respondents of honorary public 107 Elementary School teachers in Pangandaran Regency. Furthermore, simple random sampling was used and data collection were conducted through three measuring scales, namely Perceived Organizational Support Scale (SPOS), The Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI), and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Data analysis used multiple linear regression to show the effect of the two variables on work engagement. Therefore, perceived organizational support and meaningful work have a fairly strong role (=.541) in affecting engagement.
Factors Affecting Student Stress Levels after a Year of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rizkillah Risda , Rahmawati Rika
Published: October 2022

The period of Covid-19 pandemic brought about numerous life-altering events for students. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of student characteristics, problems, social support, and coping strategies on stress levels after one year of the pandemic. Quantitative method was used with a cross-sectional design to obtain 879 Indonesian students through a voluntary sampling technique. The results showed that there was a significant positive effect of student characteristics and problems on stress levels. Furthermore, there is a significant negative effect of social support and coping strategies on student stress levels.
Reprodução humana assistida: O destino dos embriões criopreservados excedentários frente a dissolução da sociedade conjugal
Authors: Oliveira Isabelle Abreu Rojas
Published: October 2022

Este estudo busca identificar e conhecer os principais impasses do destino dos embriões criopreservados excedentários, tendo como principal perspectiva, um olhar sobre a dissolução da sociedade conjugal. Além disso, busca apresentar sugestões para atenuação deste problema, demonstrando o quão necessário se faz a criação de uma legislação clara e eficiente, a fim de tutelar o tema aqui apresentado.
Stealthing e a impossibilidade jurídica do aborto
Authors: Benicio Karen Da Rocha Silva , Shimidt de Paula Fernando
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo trata do stealthing, consistente na retirada do preservativo durante o ato sexual; visa entender se essa prática viola os princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e da liberdade sexual, constitucionalmente assegurados. Como se trata de um tema recente, os materiais metodológicos utilizados foram textos jurídicos, artigos, a legislação, alguns julgados a respeito e sobretudo a Constituição Federal. Tem-se ainda como objetivo esclarecer dúvidas sobre o tema e se o stealthing pode caracterizar o crime de estupro e, como tal, permitir-se-ia o aborto na forma do Código Penal; ou mesmo o crime de violação sexual mediante fraude, passível de reprimenda penal.
O direito de escolher como partir: urgência de regulamentação e divulgação
Authors: Firmino da Silva Mayara , Stangorlini Aline Regina Alves
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo pretende por meio do estudo de leis nacionais e internacionais existentes, investigar a validade das Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade. A fim de promover o debate sobre o tema, influenciar a regulamentação pelo Legislativo e a utilização de forma antecipada pelas pessoas. O maior propósito é que os seres humanos possam exercer a autonomia da vontade nos últimos momentos de vida, manter sua dignidade e a sadia qualidade de vida, além de retirar da família a responsabilidade pela escolha.
Desequilíbrio ecológico decorrente da introdução de espécies exóticas pela descarga da água de lastro de navios e a responsabilização civil
Authors: Vacholz Hallana Gomes Costa , Martins Heitor Filipe Men , Bernardineli Muriana Carrilho
Published: October 2022

A presente pesquisa tem como intuito analisar as consequências da transferência da água de lastro para o meio ambiente. Isso porque, o direito ao meio ambiente equilibrado é garantido constitucionalmente como um direito fundamental e reflete diretamente no direito marítimo. Assim, qualquer atividade do homem que impacte negativamente no meio ambiente merece a devida atenção dos organismos internacionais e também dos diplomas normativos dos países em geral, já que a atividade marítima é transnacional. Nesse sentido, além da análise da positivação é preciso verificar como ocorre a responsabilização na hipótese de crime ambiental, ainda mais se considerar que a transferência da água de lastro é classificada como uma atividade de risco. Como as cargas, normalmente, são transportadas de um país ao outro, e a água de lastro é uma forma utilizada para manter a estabilização dos navios, é importante que seja estudada a responsabilização dos particulares, do Estado responsável pela embarcação, que possa vir a causar danos ao meio ambiente e também do Estado que sofreu o dano ambiental. Vale destacar que para elaboração deste artigo foi utilizado o método histórico, com pesquisa teórica, pautando-se em documentos físicos e eletrônicos.
Pandemia Covid – 19 e o assédio moral por excesso de trabalho vivenciado pelos profissionais da saúde
Authors: Rosner Samara Beraldo , Bernardineli Muriana Carrilho
Published: October 2022

As condições de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde, vem sendo objeto de grandes discussões recentemente. O presente artigo visa elencar os principais objetivos e doutrinas a serem utilizadas, apontando uma análise sob a ótica jurídica trabalhista referente aos reflexos do assédio moral sofrido pelos profissionais da saúde em sua esfera profissional e pessoal, decorrido pelo excesso de trabalho. A pesquisa está relacionada ao ambiente de trabalho, mais precisamente as condições de trabalho dos profissionais que atuam na área da saúde. Atinente aos danos ocasionados pelo excesso de trabalho, diante de longas jornadas de trabalho em razão da pandemia. Utilizando-se de pesquisas teóricas em documentos físicos e eletrônicos, com consultas em livros, artigos, jurisprudências e revistas cientificas. Por derradeiro, cumpre esclarecer que a legislação é escassa em relação a essa temática, e a jurisprudência já possui uma dificuldade em até mesmo conceituar o assédio moral, tendo em vista que o assédio moral por excesso de trabalho se trata de uma tese inédita.
THERMAL RADIATION AND HALL CURRENT EFFECTS IN A MHD NON-DARCY FLOW IN A DIFFERENTIALLY HEATED SQUARE ENCLOSURE -LATTICE BOLTZMANN SIMULATION
Authors: Parthiban Settu , Prasad Vallampati Ramachandra
Published: October 2022

A computational study of radiative-convection flow on incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection in a heated square enclosure containing a non-Darcy square cavity with Hall currents and heat generation/absorption is presented. The Rosseland algebraic flux model is deployed for radiative heat transfer. The equations of conservation for mass, momentum, and energy with associated boundary conditions are rendered non-dimensional with suitable transformations. The results dimensionless nonlinear boundary value problem is then solved with the D2Q9-based lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) in MATLAB. A grid independence test is included for validation of the D2Q9-LBM code accuracy. A parametric study of the impact of the Hartmann number (magnetic body force parameter), heat generation (Q), thermal radiation (Rd), Darcy number (permeability parameter), and Rayleigh number (thermal buoyancy force) on the temperature contours, streamline, and Nusselt number distributions with Prandtl number (Pr = 0.71) is conducted.
İlkokul Türkçe Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Metinlerle İlgili Anlam Kurma Sorularının İncelenmesi
Authors: KAYA ÖZGÜL Bengisu , ÇETİNKAYA ÖZDEMİR Ezgi
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokul 1-4. sınıf düzeylerindeki Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan okuma metinleriyle ilgili anlam kurma sorularının soruluş amacına, soruluş yerine, türüne, gerektirdiği bilişsel süreçlere ve cevabın kaynağına göre incelenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yoluyla gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, 2021–2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında ilkokulda okutulan Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki metinlere yönelik hazırlanan 936 anlam kurma sorusu incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler üzerinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmanın güvenilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla her iki araştırmacı tarafından ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Türkçe ders kitaplarında en çok kimlik belirleme, en az özetleme sorularının olduğu; en çok metin altı sorulara, en az okuma esnasında sorulan sorulara yer verildiği; açık uçlu soruların çoktan seçmeli sorulara göre çok daha fazla olduğu; anlam kurma sorularının çoğunlukla yüzeysel düzeyde olduğu; en çok metin içi sorulara, en az metinlerarası sorulara yer verildiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonunda, bulgulara dayalı olarak ulaşılan sonuçlar ve bu sonuçlara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Uso de tocilizumab y plasma en pacientes con seroconversión en Covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Peñaherrera Lozada Cristina Elizabeth , Álvarez Ochoa Robert Iván ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Loja Quichimbo Chadira Michelle ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Naula Morocho Johanna Verónica ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ruilova-Saquicilí Kathyna Salomé ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Brito Verdugo Ruth Ariana ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Published: October 2022

El plasma es una terapia terapéutica potencial usada para el tratamiento y la prevención del COVID-19, mientras que el Tocilizumab es utilizado en los pacientes graves producidos por la liberación de citoquinas persuadido por las células T-CAR. Estos tratamientos se encuentran en investigación y ninguno de los dos nos da algo seguro y efectivo, pero lograron reducir la tasa de mortalidad en un gran porcentaje.
Análisis de pruebas diagnósticas para la detección de Covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Pérez- Ramírez Jacinto Eugenio , Córdova Moreno Anabel ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Lucas Mero Andrea ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Suárez Viñan Jhomayra ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Andrade-Pesantez María Caridad ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Published: October 2022

La infección viral por SARS-CoV2, una enfermedad que se ha diseminado rápidamente a nivel mundial declarada pandemia a inicios del año 2020, es una infección que compromete gravemente el sistema respiratorio. En Ecuador, se ha manifestado como un grave problema de salud pública, en comparación con años anteriores la tasa de mortalidad ha ascendido hasta un 4,8%. Las pruebas para la detección de COVID-19 en la actualidad han permitido determinar con mayor exactitud los casos de infección permitiendo llegar a un diagnóstico más confiable para determinar la presencia de este agente y de esta manera establecer oportunamente el cerco epidemiológico y así evitar su propagación.
Construcción de una tabla de frecuencias de datos cualitativos en Microsoft Excel
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Robayo Botiva Diana María
Published: October 2022

Esta guía práctica se enfoca en datos cualitativos en estadística descriptiva. Inicialmente, se realiza una contextualización sobre este tipo de datos teniendo en cuenta concepto, niveles de medición, tabla de frecuencias, representación gráfica, no solo desde una perspectiva teórica, sino mediante el desarrollo paso a paso de un ejercicio a través de la utilización de Microsoft Excel, con el fin de facilitar la comprensión de la temática en los estudiantes. Es de agregar que el uso de Excel se debe a su relevancia dentro de las empresas, toda vez que posee múltiples ventajas como son: almacenar grandes cantidades de datos, ejecutar consultas y herramientas de análisis eficaces para segmentar y cortar datos y realizar cálculos sofisticados que devuelvan los datos que necesite. Además, Excel es generalmente mejor para analizar datos: realizar cálculos complejos, explorar posibles resultados y producir gráficos de alta calidad, entre otras; por esa razón, se convierte en una herramienta adecuada para el manejo de datos desde un enfoque de apoyo a la gerencia de nivel operativo, así como de nivel medio y superior. Es pertinente incentivar, desde cursos del área transversal como lo son los del área de matemáticas, el uso de esta herramienta asequible, proporcionando una ventaja competitiva dentro de un entorno laboral.
Electrochemical Performances of NMC811 Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells under Dynamic Conditions
Authors: TOKUR Mahmud
Published: October 2022

Lithium-ion batteries have a wide range of usage areas, from transportation to the defense industry, from daily usage to space applications. The widespread use of consumer electronics day by day also increases the need for this critical strategic technology, which allows us to live at almost every point of our lives without binding factors such as cables. But this technology also has many limitations, which dominate our lives so much that it needs to be overcome. Low cycle life due to poor electrochemical efficiency of electrode materials is one of these limitations. At the same time, energy density constraints are also an obstacle to many technological developments. Therefore, finding new materials with higher capacity and higher cycle life has become inevitable to meet the demands. Moreover, developing novel production techniques suitable for the materials used in the battery is also critical. Cylindrical cells are mostly used commercially in the market due to their easy and fast production technics and relatively safe components. However, the energy density and capacity limit of this architecture pushes the market to use alternative cell designs. There are different cell structures in the lithium-ion battery industry apart from cylindrical cells, such as button type, pouch type, and prismatic type. Among them, pouch cells have rising star geometry due to their unique properties and flexible production style. But many parameters still need to be overcome in pouch cells. In this study, the NMC811 cathode has been selected to investigate some critical parameters in lithium-ion pouch cells. The effects of dynamic conditions such as electrode film thickness, variable temperatures, and current rates on electrochemical performance were analyzed. Finally, a cycle life test was performed on the cell with optimum parameters.
Should Market Value Be Retained as the Only Tax Base for Municipal Property Rates in South Africa?
Authors: Franzsen R
Published: October 2022

In terms of the Local Government: Municipal Property Rates Act 6 of 2004 (MPRA), metropolitan and local municipalities in South Africa may levy property rates on property. The MPRA provides for only one tax base, namely "market value". Given the paucity of skills and capacity to prepare credible valuation rolls and given the costs of doing so, especially B3 and B4 local municipalities situated in rural areas are struggling to comply with the valuation-related provisions of the MPRA. A brief review of property tax base options utilised globally indicates that some countries allow for different tax bases (or even different taxes) on the basis of the location and/or use of property and some jurisdictions apply simplified methodologies (such as value banding, points-based assessment or even self-assessment) to assess properties for property tax purposes. In the light of there being viable alternatives to market value and of the challenges faced by many rural local municipalities, the South African government should revisit the policy decision to have only market value as the tax base across vastly different types of municipalities.
Beneficiary Fraud and Demand Guarantees
Authors: Kelly Louw Michelle
Published: October 2022

It is settled in South African and English law that for the fraud exception to apply to demand guarantees or letters of credit the fraud must have been committed by the beneficiary (or his agent with the beneficiary's knowledge) and not by a third party. Even where the fraud relates to a forgery or materially fraudulent document, the fraud must have been committed by the beneficiary for the exception to apply. This is in contrast with American law, where the fraud relating to forgeries and materially fraudulent documents does not necessarily have to be committed by the beneficiary. This contribution considers the law in this regard in these three jurisdictions.
Financial Services and Arrangements to Facilitate the (Ex)Portability of Social Security Benefits in the Southern African Development Community
Authors: Mpedi Letlhokwa George
Published: October 2022

This contribution reviews the financial services and arrangements to facilitate the (ex)portability of social security benefits in the Southern African Development Community (the SADC). It commences by providing a general background to the theme it covers by focussing on the (ex)portability of social security as part of the coordination principles contained in the pertinent International Labour Organisation social security conventions, the (ex)portability of social security benefits provided for in SADC social security instruments, the key purpose of the payment of social security abroad, and the negative impact of the absence of the suitable cross-border payment of benefits in the SADC. It proceeds by discussing the common methods used for the cross-border payment of social security benefits in the SADC. These models are business-to-business, business-to-client, government institution-to-government institution, and client-to-business. The contribution continues by reviewing selected challenges in the region facing financial services and arrangements to facilitate the payment of social security abroad. These challenges are the lack of a single currency, remittance costs, and unbanked persons. The paper concludes by making recommendations for developing a coherent regional and enabling framework for the payment of social security benefits abroad.
Re-orientation
Authors: Zimmermann Reinhard
Published: October 2022

Personal tribute to Charl Hugo by Reinhard Zimmermann