bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Plasma Metabolomics to Evaluate the Effects of Aspirin Eugenol Ester on Blood Stasis in Rats
Authors: Shen Dongshuai , Ma Ning , Yang Yajun , Liu Xiwang , Qin Zhe , Li Shihong , Jiao Zenghua , Kong Xiaojun , Li Jianyong
Published: June 2019

Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) is a novel compound that is formed from the esterification of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)) and eugenol. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AEE on blood stasis in rats and to characterize the underlying mechanisms using a plasma metabolomic study. The results indicate that AEE and ASA could modulate whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), blood coagulation parameters, platelet count, platelet aggregation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (CR) and the levels of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α). The metabolic profiles of the plasma samples from all groups were clearly separated in the score plots. Nineteen potential metabolites were selected and identified, and disordered levels of these metabolites could be regulated by AEE and ASA. Pathway analysis showed that the mechanism of action of AEE on blood stasis might be principally related to the metabolism of amino acid, fatty acid, energy and glycerophospholipid. The above results indicate that AEE protected the rats against blood stasis, and that this effect might have been caused by the anticoagulation activity of AEE and its abilities to maintain a balance between TXA2 and PGI2, reduce blood viscosity, inhibit platelet aggregation and normalize the plasma metabolic profile.
Differentiation of Essential Oils Using Nanofluidic Protein Post-Translational Modification Profiling
Authors: Urasaki Yasuyo , Le Thuc T.
Published: June 2019

Current methods for the authentication of essential oils focus on analyzing their chemical composition. This study describes the use of nanofluidic protein post-translational modification (PTM) profiling to differentiate essential oils by analyzing their biochemical effects. Protein PTM profiling was used to measure the effects of four essential oils, copaiba, mandarin, Melissa, and turmeric, on the phosphorylation of MEK1, MEK2, and ERK1/2 in the MAPK signaling pathway; Akt and 4EBP1 in the pI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway; and STAT3 in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in cultured HepG2 cells. The gain or loss of the phosphorylation of these proteins served as direct read-outs for the positive or negative regulatory effects of essential oils on their respective signaling pathways. Furthermore, protein PTM profiling and GC-MS were employed side-by-side to assess the quality of the essential oils. In general, protein PTM profiling data concurred with GC-MS data on the identification of adulterated mandarin, Melissa, and turmeric essential oils. Most interestingly, protein PTM profiling data identified the differences in biochemical effects between copaiba essential oils, which were indistinguishable with GC-MS data on their chemical composition. Taken together, nanofluidic protein PTM profiling represents a robust method for the assessment of the quality and therapeutic potential of essential oils.
Contrast Enhancement for Portal Imaging in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo Phantom Evaluation Using Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beams
Authors: Abdulle Aniza , Chow James C. L.
Published: June 2019

Our team evaluated contrast enhancement for portal imaging using Monte Carlo simulation in nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy. Dependencies of percentage contrast enhancement on flattening-filter (FF) and flattening-filter-free (FFF) photon beams were determined by varying the nanoparticle material (gold, platinum, iodine, silver, iron oxide), nanoparticle concentration (3–40 mg/mL) and photon beam energy (6 and 10 MV). Phase-space files and energy spectra of the 6 MV FF, 6 MV FFF, 10 MV FF and 10 MV FFF photon beams were generated based on a Varian TrueBeam linear accelerator. We found that gold and platinum nanoparticles (NP) produced the highest contrast enhancement for portal imaging, compared to other NP with lower atomic numbers. The maximum percentage contrast enhancements for the gold and platinum NP were 18.9% and 18.5% with a concentration equal to 40 mg/mL. The contrast enhancement was also found to increase with the nanoparticle concentration. The maximum rate of increase of contrast enhancement for the gold NP was equal to 0.29%/mg/mL. Using the 6 MV photon beams, the maximum contrast enhancements for the gold NP were 79% (FF) and 78% (FFF) higher than those using the 10 MV beams. For the FFF beams, the maximum contrast enhancements for the gold NP were 53.6% (6 MV) and 53.8% (10 MV) higher than those using the FF beams. It is concluded that contrast enhancement for portal imaging can be increased when a higher atomic number of NP, higher nanoparticle concentration, lower photon beam energy and no flattening filter of photon beam are used in nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy.
A Journey Through the Landscapes of Small Particles in Binary Colloidal Assemblies: Unveiling Structural Transitions from Isolated Particles to Clusters upon Variation in Composition
Authors: Lotito Valeria , Zambelli Tomaso
Published: June 2019

Two-dimensional (2D) amorphous binary colloidal assemblies composed of particles of two different sizes are characterized by the loss of hexagonal close-packing for larger particles, occurring when the size ratio between small (S) and large (L) particles d S / d L exceeds a certain threshold value. For moderately low particle number ratios N S / N L large particles still retain a denser arrangement with transitions from hexagonal symmetry to the coexistence of different types of symmetries as N S / N L progressively departs from 0 to higher values. On the other hand, small particles reveal sparser arrangements: shape identification and quantification of structural transitions in small particle arrangements appear particularly challenging. In this article, we investigate their shapes and transitions for amorphous binary colloidal particles assembled at the air/water interface. For the quantitative characterization of the evolution in particle arrangements for N S / N L variable between 0.5 and 2, we develop an innovative procedure for morphological analysis, combining Minkowski functionals, Voronoi diagrams and ad hoc techniques to recognize and classify specific features. Such a powerful approach has revealed a wide variety of landscapes featuring isolated particles, dimers, chains, small clusters evolving with the colloidal suspension composition. Our method can be applied to the analysis of spatial configurations of sparse colloidal patterns obtained in different conditions.
Paper-Cut Flexible Multifunctional Electronics Using MoS2 Nanosheet
Authors: Yang Dong , Wang Hao , Luo Shenglin , Wang Changning , Zhang Sheng , Guo Shiqi
Published: June 2019

Art and science represent human creativity and rational thinking, respectively. When the two seemingly opposite fields are intertwined, there is always a life-changing spark. In particular, the integration of ancient traditional Chinese art into the latest electronic devices is always been an unexcavated topic. Fabricating two-dimensional material with a tensile strain less than 3% with an ultimate global stretch has been an important problem that plagues the current flexible electronics field. The current research is limited to material in small scale, and it is always necessary to develop and extend large-sized flexible electronic systems. Here, inspired by the traditional Chinese paper-cut structure, we present a highly deformable multifunctional electronic system based on the MoS2 nanosheet. In this work, we first demonstrate how the traditional paper-cut structure can open the view of flexible electronics. In order to obtain a large area of MoS2 with excellent performance, we use a metal-assisted exfoliation method to transfer MoS2, followed by fabricating a field effect transistor to characterize its excellent electrical properties. Two photodetectors and a temperature sensor are produced with good performance. The mechanical simulation proves that the structure has more advantages in stretchability than other typical paper-cut structures. From the experimental and mechanical point of view, it is proved that the device can work stably under high deformation. We finally show that the device has broad application prospects in highly deformed organs, tissues, and joints. These findings set a good example of traditional Chinese culture to guide innovation in the field of electronic devices.
Effective Modulation of Optical and Photoelectrical Properties of SnS2 Hexagonal Nanoflakes via Zn Incorporation
Authors: Mohan Kumar Ganesan , Ilanchezhiyan Pugazhendi , Cho Hak Dong , Yuldashev Shavkat , Jeon Hee Chang , Kim Deuk Young , Kang Tae Won
Published: June 2019

Tin sulfides are promising materials in the fields of photoelectronics and photovoltaics because of their appropriate energy bands. However, doping in SnS2 can improve the stability and robustness of this material in potential applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of SnS2 nanoflakes with Zn doping via simple hydrothermal route. The effect of doping Zn was found to display a huge influence in the structural and crystalline order of as synthesized SnS2. Their optical properties attest Zn doping of SnS2 results in reduction of the band gap which benefits strong visible-light absorption. Significantly, enhanced photoresponse was observed with respect to pristine SnS2. Such enhancement could result in improved electronic conductivity and sensitivity due to Zn doping at appropriate concentration. These excellent performances show that Sn1−xZnxS2 nanoflakes could offer huge potential for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics device applications.
Uncooled Short-Wave Infrared Sensor Based on PbS Quantum Dots Using ZnO NPs
Authors: Kwon JinBeom , Kim SaeWan , Lee JaeSung , Park CheolEon , Kim OkSik , Xu Binrui , Bae JinHyuk , Kang ShinWon
Published: June 2019

Shortwave infrared (SWIR) sensors have attracted interest due to their usefulness in applications like military and medical equipment. SWIR sensors based on various materials are currently being studied. However, most SWIR detectors need additional optical filters and cooling systems to detect specific wavelengths. In order to overcome these limitations, we proposed a solution processed SWIR sensor that can operate at room temperature using lead chloride (PbS) QDs as a photoactive layer. Additionally, we adapted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) as an electron transport layer (ETL) to improve the sensitivity of a PbS SWIR sensor. In this study, PbS SWIR sensors with and without a ZnO NPs layer were fabricated and their current–voltage (I–V) characteristics were measured. The on/off ratio of the PbS SWIR sensor with ZnO NPs was 2.87 times higher than that of the PbS SWIR sensor without ZnO NPs at the maximum current difference. The PbS SWIR sensor with ZnO NPs showed more stable current characteristics than that without ZnO NPs because of the ZnO NPs’ high electron mobility and proper lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level.
Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Linear Growth in Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of 34 Cases
Authors: Ferraris Cinzia , Guglielmetti Monica , Pasca Ludovica , De Giorgis Valentina , Ferraro Ottavia Eleonora , Brambilla Ilaria , Leone Alessandro , De Amicis Ramona , Bertoli Simona , Veggiotti Pierangelo , Tagliabue Anna
Published: June 2019

Data on the impact of the ketogenic diet (KD) on children’s growth remain controversial. Here, we retrospectively investigated the occurrence of linear growth retardation in 34 children (47% males; age range: 2−17 years) diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE; n = 14) or glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS; n = 20) who had been treated with the KD for 12 months. The general characteristics of children with and without growth retardation were also compared. All participants received a full-calorie, traditional KD supplemented with vitamins, minerals, and citrate. Most children (80%; 11/14 in the DRE subgroup and 16/20 in the GLUT1-DS subgroup) treated with the KD did not show growth retardation at 12 months. Although participants with and without delay of growth did not differ in terms of baseline clinical characteristics, dietary prescriptions, or supplementation patterns, marked ketosis at 12 months tended to occur more frequently in the latter group. Altogether, our results indicate that growth retardation may occur in a minority of children treated with the KD. However, further research is required to identify children at risk and to clarify how increased ketones levels may affect endocrine pathways regulating growth during KD administration.
Extra-Skeletal Effects of Vitamin D
Authors: Marino Rose , Misra Madhusmita
Published: June 2019

The vitamin D receptor is expressed in multiple cells of the body (other than osteoblasts), including beta cells and cells involved in immune modulation (such as mononuclear cells, and activated T and B lymphocytes), and most organs in the body including the brain, heart, skin, gonads, prostate, breast, and gut. Consequently, the extra-skeletal impact of vitamin D deficiency has been an active area of research. While epidemiological and case-control studies have often suggested a link between vitamin D deficiency and conditions such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, connective tissue disorders, inflammatory bowel disorders, chronic hepatitis, food allergies, asthma and respiratory infections, and cancer, interventional studies for the most part have failed to confirm a causative link. This review examines available evidence to date for the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D deficiency, with a focus on randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses.
Precision Nutrition and the Microbiome Part II: Potential Opportunities and Pathways to Commercialisation
Authors: Mills Susan , Lane Jonathan A. , Smith Graeme J. , Grimaldi Keith A. , Ross R. Paul , Stanton Catherine
Published: June 2019

Modulation of the human gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics and dietary fibre are recognised strategies to improve health and prevent disease. Yet we are only beginning to understand the impact of these interventions on the gut microbiota and the physiological consequences for the human host, thus forging the way towards evidence-based scientific validation. However, in many studies a percentage of participants can be defined as ‘non-responders’ and scientists are beginning to unravel what differentiates these from ‘responders;’ and it is now clear that an individual’s baseline microbiota can influence an individual’s response. Thus, microbiome composition can potentially serve as a biomarker to predict responsiveness to interventions, diets and dietary components enabling greater opportunities for its use towards disease prevention and health promotion. In Part I of this two-part review, we reviewed the current state of the science in terms of the gut microbiota and the role of diet and dietary components in shaping it and subsequent consequences for human health. In Part II, we examine the efficacy of gut-microbiota modulating therapies at different life stages and their potential to aid in the management of undernutrition and overnutrition. Given the significance of an individual’s gut microbiota, we investigate the feasibility of microbiome testing and we discuss guidelines for evaluating the scientific validity of evidence for providing personalised microbiome-based dietary advice. Overall, this review highlights the potential value of the microbiome to prevent disease and maintain or promote health and in doing so, paves the pathway towards commercialisation.
Weekly Variation of Rotavirus A Concentrations in Sewage and Oysters in Japan, 2014–2016
Authors: Ito Erika , Pu Jian , Miura Takayuki , Kazama Shinobu , Nishiyama Masateru , Ito Hiroaki , Konta Yoshimitsu , Nguyen Gia Thanh , Omura Tatsuo , Watanabe Toru
Published: June 2019

Concentrations of rotavirus A, in sewage and oysters collected weekly from September 2014 to April 2016 in Japan, were investigated using RT-qPCR; results showed up to 6.5 log10 copies/mL and 4.3 log10 copies/g of digestive tissue (DT) in sewage and oysters, respectively. No correlation was found between rotavirus concentration in sewage and oysters and cases of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis.
Impact of Superantigen-Producing Bacteria on T Cells from Tonsillar Hyperplasia
Authors: Radcliff Fiona J , Waldvogel-Thurlow Sharon , Clow Fiona , Mahadevan Murali , Johnston James , Li Gen , Proft Thomas , Douglas Richard G , Fraser John D
Published: June 2019

Staphylococcus aureus and Group A Streptococcus (GAS) are common occupants of the tonsils and many strains produce potent exotoxins (mitogens) that directly target T cells, which could be a driver for tonsillar hyperplasia. Tonsil tissues from 41 patients were tested for these bacteria in conjunction with profiling of B and T cells by flow cytometry. S. aureus and GAS were detected in tonsil tissue from 44% and 7%, respectively, of patients by bacteriological culture; immuno-histology showed bacteria in close proximity to both B and T lymphocytes. The presence of tonsillar S. aureus did not alter B or T cell populations, whereas peripheral blood mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells were significantly increased in S. aureus culture positive individuals (p < 0.006). Alterations of tonsil CD4+ TCR Vβ family members relative to peripheral blood were evident in 29 patients. Three patients had strong TCR Vβ skewing indicative of recent exposure to superantigens, their tonsils contained mitogenic bacteria, and supernatants from these bacteria were used to partially recapitulate the skewing profile in vitro, supporting the notion that superantigens can target tonsillar T cells in situ. Tonsils are a reservoir for superantigen-producing bacteria with the capacity to alter the composition and function of key immune cells.
Effect of Education for Hypertensive Patients with Correctly Performed Self-Blood Pressure Monitoring (SBPM)
Authors: Dymek Justyna , Gołda Anna , Polak Wioletta , Lisowski Bartosz , Skowron Agnieszka
Published: June 2019

Introduction: The study objective was to assess the impact of pharmacist-led education on the patient’s knowledge and skills on SBPM (self-blood pressure monitoring). Methods: Patient knowledge was assessed using tests and patients’ skills were based on a checklist (20 parameters) completed by the researcher based on the SBPM video records. Patients taking pressure measurements were filmed for 20 days and after 6 months. After the first 10 days, patients were educated about the correct SBPM procedure. Knowledge tests were repeated three times (before/after/6 months after education). Results: All patients’ knowledge and skills in the field of SBPM were improved after education. After the education, patients scored an average of 9 out of 10 points in the knowledge test (increasing an average of five points after education), six months later—an average increase of 7.36 points. Patient skills after training were rated at 17.4 out of 20 points on average (increase by an average of 5.14 points after education), six months later, there was an average of 16.23 points. Conclusions: The study showed an increase in patients' knowledge and skills in the field of SBPM after training.
Salinity Stress Alters Root Morphology and Root Hair Traits in Brassica napus
Authors: Arif Mohammad Rashid , Islam M. Thoihidul , Robin Arif Hasan Khan
Published: June 2019

Plant roots show morphological plasticity and play a substantial role in tolerance to various edaphic stresses. The aim of this study was to explore salinity-induced morphogenic responses of root traits and root hairs of two rapeseed varieties, BARI Sarisha-8 and Binasarisha-5, at the reproductive stage and perceive the effects on their reproductive growth. The experiment was conducted in a hydroponic culture. Two treatments, 0 mM NaCl as control and 100 mM NaCl, were imposed 55 d after germination. Plants exposed to 100 mM NaCl for seven days displayed greater damage in the leaves, flowers, and siliquae compared to control. Length of root hairs on first-order and third-order lateral roots, density of root hairs on first-order lateral roots, and length of third-order lateral roots were significantly greater by 91%, 22%, 29%, and 48%, respectively, in the treated condition compared to the control. An increase in estimated root surface area by 20% under salt stress conditions indicated that the spontaneous responses of plants to uptake more water and nutrients allowed a plant to cope with stressful conditions. The results of this study suggest that any future stress breeding programs should consider plasticity of root traits intensively.
Carbon Offset Service and Design Guideline of Tree Planting for Multifamily Residential Sites in Korea
Authors: Jo Hyun-Kil , Park Hye-Mi , Kim Jin-Young
Published: June 2019

Multifamily residential sites (MRS) are practical alternatives for securing a carbon uptake source in urban areas where hardscape is dominant, as trees must be planted in the lot area, according to the current landscape-related ordinances in Korea. Tree planting contributes to sustainability of residential sites through carbon reduction. This study quantified direct and indirect carbon reduction from tree planting in MRS in Korea and explored sustainable design guidelines to maximize the carbon offset service of MRS. The total annual direct and indirect carbon reduction through tree planting in all the MRS was estimated to be about 101.1 kt/year. This carbon reduction equaled 3.3% of the total annual carbon emissions from the heating and cooling energy consumption of multifamily buildings. This study considered both direct and indirect carbon reduction from trees in MRS which was insufficient in previous studies. The results of this study can be useful internationally by sharing the information of sustainable residential design in enhancing carbon offset service.
Long-Term Survival of a Cat with Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Buzatto Anneliese Baetz , Elias Fabiana , Franzoni Mayara Simão , Fonseca-Alves Carlos Eduardo
Published: June 2019

Primary bladder leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed in a four-year-old, mixed-breed, spayed female cat that presented with lethargy, stranguria, polyuria, hematuria, urinary incontinence and abdominal sensitivity. On abdominal ultrasound, the urinary bladder was observed to have a preserved anatomical position and a hyperechoic mass. The mass measured approximately 1.5 cm, was irregular, and arose from the mucosa of the bladder wall. Due to the evidence of a primary tumor in the urinary bladder, we conducted a partial cystectomy with a 1.0 cm surgical margin and performed histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The histopathology revealed a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm, characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells with moderate nuclear pleomorphism, suggestive of leiomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the histopathological diagnosis, showing positive staining for vimentin, desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin and negative staining for S100, pan-cytokeratin and MyoD1. We also assessed the proliferative index by Ki67 staining and found that 57% of the neoplastic cells were positive for Ki67. We conducted clinical follow-ups every three months in the first year and every six months thereafter. The patient showed no signs of recurrence after 48 months. The surgery was sufficient to treat the leiomyosarcoma, and adjuvant chemotherapy was not necessary in this case.
Gesture in Musical Declamation: An Intercultural Approach
Authors: MANI Charulatha
Published: June 2019

This paper draws parallels between gesture in South Indian
Carnatic singing practice, and rhetorical gesture used by orators and singers
in 16th and 17th century Early Modern Europe. The paper begins by referencing
relevant historical literature on the performance practices. In doing so, it
identifies declamation in music as an ideal musical framework for gestured
performance. The paper then practically addresses the role of gesture in
present cross-cultural music performance practice using an artistic project,
conceptualized and implemented by the author. The author proposes that performances
of textually driven, dramatically intensive musical forms, such as the Carnatic
Viruttam and Early Opera, would benefit from referencing gestures from a
constellation of the experientially known and the historically acquired. The
research also invites a consideration of pertinent issues on gesture and women
performers in the context of Carnatic music.
Larchemi/Soinari - The Georgian Panpipe
Authors: RAZMADZE Nino
Published: June 2019

This article focuses on the panpipe, one of
the ancient instruments of the Georgian traditional instrumentarium. Some
Georgian traditional instruments remain popular today, with playing and
construction techniques still preserved. Others, however, have disappeared from
everyday life and stage folklore. Today, an instrument considered as one of the
most ancient Georgian traditions – the panpipe, which we can discuss based on
documentation and materials from the first half of the 20th century – is among
those that have disappeared from everyday life.The article aims to collate information about
the instrument from different works by various researchers, and also to study
its organological, ethnographic and musical features. It offers in-depth
analysis of audio recordings and notated scores from fieldwork expeditions of
the 1930s and 1950s.

Nowadays, there are some attempts in the
regions as well as in the capital of Georgia to restore this instrument,
although construction and repertoire are significantly different from the
traditional forms.
Modern Laments in Northwestern Greece, Their Importance in Social and Musical Life and the “Making” of Oral Tradition
Authors: KATSANEVAKI Athena
Published: June 2019

Having as a starting point a typical phrase
-“all our songs once were laments”- repeated to the researcher during
fieldwork, this study aims to explore the multiple ways in which lament
practices become part of other musical practices in community life or change
their functionalities and how they contribute to music making. Though the
meaning of this typical phrase seems to be inexplicable, nonetheless as a
general feeling it is shared by most of the people in the field. Starting from
the Epirot instrumental ‘moiroloi’, extensive field research reveals that many
vocal practices considered by former researchers to be imitations of
instrumental musical practices, are in fact, definite lament vocal
practices-cries, embodied and reformed in different ways in other musical
contexts and serving in this way different social purposes. Furthermore,
multiple functionalities of lament practices in social life reveal their
transformations into songs and the ways they contribute to music making in oral
tradition while at the same time confirming the flexibility of the border
between lament and song established by previous researchers.
The Spring Holiday Nauryz-Meiramy in the Kazakh Tradition
Authors: AMIROVA Dina
Published: June 2019

The present article is the first attempt by
the author to give a scholarly interpretation of the interesting yet under
investigated phenomenon of Kazakh ‘Nauryz’. The ethno-cultural traditions of
‘Nauryz’, lost as a result of Islamization and Sovietization of Kazakhstan,
have been revived over the last 30 years. The article reviews the basic socio-historical
prerequisites of ‘Nauryz’ in the system of Kazakh traditional culture, taking
into account the typological features of spring holiday (the idea of cyclic
revival of life), as well as specific aspects of Central Asian nomadism. The
author regards ‘Nauryz-meiramy’ as a complete calendar-ceremonial complex of
high social and spiritual significance and conditionally differentiates three
interconnected components of the traditional ‘Nauryz-meiramy’ (ritual,
competitive, entertaining) and emphasizes their duplicative character.

The article devotes special attention to an
examination of the musical context of ‘Nauryz-mejramy’. The author argues for
the existence of the currently lost song genre specific to Nauryz-meiramy (akin
to carols) and based on the available data attempts to reconstruct its original
model.
Clinical Response-Guided tPA and DNase Administration as Rescue Treatment for Postoperative Empyema
Authors: Knauer DO Andrew , Stewart DO Greg , Collo Go, M.D. Ronaldo
Published: June 2019

Empyema untreated carries significant mortality. Medical management with tube thoracostomy accompanied by combination therapy with intrapleural tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase, dornase alpha) has decreased the need for surgical intervention. Most studies on this combination therapy have been done on empyema associated with community acquired pneumonia. A fixed regimen of tPA and DNase has a high cost and carries a small risk of intrapleural hemorrhage. We report on two patients who developed empyema postoperatively. Intrapleural DNase and tPA were administered concurrently at a frequency and duration based upon the clinical response. Both patients had successful outcomes without adverse effects.
ANALISIS VARIASI CAMPURAN BERAT TANAH HUMUS DAN KOMPOS TERHADAP PENURUNAN TOTAL PETROLEUM HIDROKARBON (TPH) DENGAN KONSEP BIOREMEDIASI DI PT. AURORA WORLD CIANJUR
Authors: Pratiwi R. Siti Mardiyanti , Adriani S Yosephina , Taufik Achmad
Published: June 2019

Aurora World Cianjur merupakan salah industri boneka yang ada di Indonesia, yang di dalam proses produksinya menggunakan 1446 mesin jahit dan 5 mesin compressor. Mesin compressor digunakan dalam proses stuffing dan menghasilkan minyak pelumas bekas Â± 70 liter/18 bulan yang belum dilakukan pengelolaan. Minyak pelumas merupakan turunan dari minyak bumi dimana minyak ataupun limbahnya mengandung senyawa hidrokarbon sebagai komponen terbesarnya.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui variasi campuran berat tanah humus dan kompos berpengaruh terhadap penurunan Total Petroleum Hidrokarbon (TPH) dengan konsep bioremediasi di PT. Aurora World Cianjur. Jenis penelitian adalah pretest-posttest dengan kelompok kontrol. Populasi adalah semua minyak pelumas bekas dari penggunaan mesin jahit dan mesin compressor, sampel adalah sejumlah minyak pelumas bekas dari penggunaan mesin compressor yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan tahun 2016 sampai dengan April 2017. Metode pengambilan sampel secara random dengan menghomogenkan minyak pelumas bekas yang dihasilkan dari mesin compressor kemudian menimbang sebanyak 3 kg untuk setiap pengulangan. Analisis data dengan menggunakan uji Kruskall-Wallis.

Konsentrasi awal TPH pada minyak pelumas bekas sebesar 90,47% sedangkan setelah perlakuan dengan berbagai variasi campuran tanah humus dan kompos selama 30 hari dengan variasi 1 (3 kg 6 kg) konsentrasi TPH sebesar 13,295% pada variasi 2 (4.5 kg 4.5 kg) konsentrasi TPH sebesar 12,305% dan konsentrasi TPH pada variasi 3 (6 kg 3 kg) sebesar 9,372%. Berdasarkan hasil uji Kruskall-Wallis diperoleh nilai p<Î± (0,001 < 0,005). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa variasi campuran berat tanah humus dan kompos berpotensi terhadap penurunan Total Petroleum Hidrokarbon (TPH) dengan konsep bioremediasi di PT. Aurora World Cianjur.
Authors: Prakoso Agung Purwo
Published: June 2019

Abstrak

 

Sampah aluminium merupakan sampah padat yang sulit diurai oleh lingkungan. Waktu penguraian aluminium berkisar 80-100 tahun. PT. Combiphar merupakan industri farmasi yang kegiatan produksinya menghasilkan sampah aluminium. Setiap minggunya timbulan sampah aluminium mencapai 45 kg. Variasi jenis crucible, dapat menghasilkan waktu yang berbeda pula. Jenis crucible yang digunakan yaitu stainless steel dan grafit. Jenis crucible tersebut memiliki konduktivitas termal yang baik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah bersifat eksperimen dengan desain penelitian post test without control. Sampah aluminum berasal dari PT. Combiphar dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan yaitu 2,07 kg. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 9 kali pengurangan untuk 2 jenis crucible yaitu jenis crucible stainless steel dan jenis crucible grafit diketahui bahwa jenis crucible grafit lebih cepat meleburkan sampah aluminium dengan rata-rata waktu 45.78 menit dalam 9 kali pengulangan sedangkan jenis crucible stainless steel memiliki rata-rata waktu peleburan 58.56 menit dalam 9 kali pengulangan.
Pengaruh Penambahan PEG 4000 terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Sediaan Pembersih Wajah dengan Basis Salep Larut dalam Air mengandung Nanoemulsi M/A Minyak Biji Anggur (Vitis vinifera)
Authors: Permatasari Lany Diah
Published: June 2019

Abstrak: Radiasi sinar UV merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya photoaging. Minyak biji anggur merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang mengandung antioksidan dengan mekanisme penghambatan aktivasi Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) dan jalur Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB). Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan PEG 4000 terhadap stabilitas fisik sediaan pembersih wajah basis salep larut dalam air mengandung nanoemulsi m/a minyak biji anggur. Formulasi pembersih wajah basis salep larut dalam air dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi PEG 4000 (13%, 17% dan 20%). Evaluasi sediaan pembersih wajah basis salep larut dalam air yang dilakukan meliputi uji organoleptik, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan uji stabilitas. Hasil evaluasi sediaan menunjukan bahwa F2 yang mengandung nanoemulsi m/a minyak biji anggur (Minyak Biji Anggur 1%, Tween 80 22,5 %,  Gliserin 7,5% dan Aquademineral 69 %) sebanyak 33,5 %, PEG 4000 17 %, PEG 400 20 %, Asam stearat 13 % , TEA (Triethanolamin) 3 % dan Triethylhexanoin ad 100% merupakan formula terbaik dengan hasil kemampuan penyebaran 0,1828 Â± 0,02 cm/g, pH 8,48 Â± 0,01 dan viskositas 460.00 Â± 20.00 dPas. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi dapat dinyatakan bahwa F2 memiliki efektivitas pembersih wajah yang baik dan dari hasil uji stabilitas dapat dinyatakan bahwa F2 stabil secara fisik.

Kata kunci: minyak biji anggur, nanoemulsi, pembersih wajah, basis salep larut dalam air
Nafaka Yükümlüsünün Nafakası ile Sorumlu Olduğu Kimselere Zekât Vermesinin Fıkhi Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇUÇAK Muhammed
Published: June 2019

Muhammed ÇUÇAKDr. Öğr. Üyesi., Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi, İlahiyat Fakültesi, İslamHukuku Anabilim Dalı.Dr. Lecturer. Member, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Theology,Department of Islamic Law.Osmaniye, Turkeymuhammedcucak@osmaniye.edu.trORCID: 0000-0003-3177-4837Geliş Tarihi: 21.01.2019, Kabul Tarihi: 17.05.2019DOI: 10.34085/ buifd.515502Malî
ibadetlerin başında gelen zekât, İslâm’ın beş temel esaslarından biridir. Zekât
ile ilgili meseleler, geçmişte olduğu gibi günümüzde de âlimler ve araştırmacıların
ilgi odağı olmaya devam etmektedir. Zekât, klasik kaynaklarda kitabın içindeki
bir başlık altında ele alınırken, günümüzde kimi zaman müstakil kitapların,
kimi zaman makalelerin konusu olmaktadır. Zekât, içinde birden fazla mesele ve
konu barındırmaktadır. Bunların içinde üzerinde fakihlerin ittifak ettiği
meseleler olduğu gibi ihtilaf ettiği meseleler de vardır. Üzerinde ihtilafın
yaşandığı meselelerden biri de zekâtın kimlere verilip verilmeyeceğidir.

Fakihler, zekâtın
nelere verileceği konusunda birkaç sınıf üzerinde ittifak etmiştir. Ancak söz
konusu sınıfların kapsamı içine kimlerin dâhil edilip edilmeyeceği hakkında
ihtilafa düşmüşlerdir. Örneğin, anne baba gibi yakın akrabalara zekât verilmesi
ihtilaf edilen konulardandır. Fakihlerin ekseriyetine göre anne baba gibi
kendisine nafakası vacip olan kimselere zekât verilmesi caiz görülmezken, bir
kısım fakihe göre kimi durumlarda onlara zekât verilmesinde bir sakınca
bulunmamaktadır. İşte bu çalışmamızda anne-baba, çocuklar ve eş gibi nafaka
hakkı olan kimselere zekât verilip verilmeyeceği konusu ele alınacaktır.
İslâm Mîrâs Hukukunda Red Meselesi: İnceleme ve Değerlendirme
Authors: YAŞAR Mehmet Aziz
Published: June 2019

Mehmet Aziz YAŞARDr. Öğr. Üyesi, Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, İslami İlimler Fakültesi,İslam Hukuku Anabilim DalıAsst. Prof. Dr., Batman University, Faculty of Islamic Sciences, Department ofIslamic Law.Batman, Turkeyya-ar19801@hotmail.comORCID: 0000-0002-4677-1017Geliş Tarihi: 26.02.2019, Kabul Tarihi: 18.04.2019DOI: 10.34085/buifd.532745İslam dininin hakların riayetine son derece önem verdiğini gösteren örneklerin belki de en önemlisi miras paylaşımıdır. Nitekim bu paylaşım, kişinin vasiyet etmeye gerek kalmaksızın, ölümünde sonra malının hakkaniyete uygun şekilde akrabaları arasında ne biçimde ve oranda taksim edilmesi gerektiği bizzat şari‘ tarafından belirlenmesinden ibarettir. Bu bağlamda Miras hukukuna ilişkin meselelerin büyük bir bölümü, Kur’an ve sünnetin açık naslarıyla beyan edilmiş olmasından ihtilafa konu olmamıştır. Buna mukabil, nasların açık ifadeleriyle varit olmadığı için hukukçular arasında ihtilafa konu olmuş meseleler de yok değildir. İşte bu meselelerin en önemlilerinden biri şüphesiz red meselesidir. Hisse sahiplerinin paylarından arta kalan mirasın, asabenin bulunmaması şartıyla, tekrar onlar arasında payları oranında dağıtılması şeklinde ifade edebileceğimiz red, sahâbe döneminden itibaren tartışma konusu olmuştur. Buna bağlı olarak da fıkıh ilminin teşekkülünden beri bu alanla ilgili pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. Fakat red meselesine yönelik derli toplu olarak ele alınmış müstakil bir çalışmaya rastlamadık. Bu yüzden red meselesini çalışmamızın konusu olarak seçtik. Çalışmada sahâbe döneminden başlayarak reddin meşru olup olmadığına ilişkin varit olmuş görüşler ve bu görüşlere destek mahiyetinde ileri sürülmüş deliler irdelenip değerlendirmenin ardından karşıt görüşler, karşılaştırılarak daha isabetli olan görüş tespit edilmeye gayret edilecektir. Sonrasında red çözümünün şekil ve örneklerine yer verilecektir. Ayrıca çalışmada reddin Kur’an’ın yaptığı miras paylaşımına aykırı olup olmadığı, cumhurun karı-kocayı red paylaşımının dışında tutmalarının hakkaniyete uygun düşüp düşmediği gibi önemli sorulara cevap aranacaktır
Abdüllatif el-Bağdadî’nin el-İfâde ve’l İ‘tibâr Adlı Eserinde Antik Mısır Anlatımı
Authors: CAN Hakan
Published: June 2019

Hakan CANArş. Gör., Bingöl Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, Türk-İslam Sanat TarihiAnabilim Dalı,Bingöl University Faculty of Theology, Department of Turkish-Islamic Art History,ilahiyathakan21@gmail.com,ORCID: 0000-0001-6706-7312Geliş Tarihi: 28.02.2019, Kabul Tarihi: 05.04.2019DOI: 10.34085/buifd.533586Mısır, sahip olduğu kadim tarih, yüksek uygarlık, sanatsal ve mimarî
yapısıyla birçok tarihçi ve coğrafyacının dikkatini çekmiş, bunun bir sonucu
olarak Mısır tarihi, medeniyeti ve kültürü üzerine müstakil eserler kaleme
alınmıştır. Abdüllatif el-Bağdadî de Mısır’a yaptığı bir seyahatte bu
medeniyetin izlerini eserine yansıtmıştır. Bağdadî, tam ismiyle el-İfâde ve’l-i‘tibâr fi’l-umûri’l-müşâhede
ve havâdisi’l-mu‘âyene bi-arzı Mısr adlı eserinde Mısır’ın coğrafya,
sosyo-kültürel ve iktisadî yapısını kendi müşahedelerine dayanarak kaleme
almış,  bunu büyük bir incelik ve
ustalıkla işlemiştir. Mısır’da bulunan antik eserleri incelemiş ve bu eserleri
en ince ayrıntısına kadar tasvir etmiştir. Bu eserlerin arka planında yatan
tarihi, üstün emeği ve sabrı kendine has üslubuyla dile getirmiştir.

Yaptığımız bu çalışmada eserin sadece Mısır’daki arkeolojik eserler kısmı
üzerinde durulmuş, Bağdadî’nin verdiği bilgilerin günümüzde ne anlam
ifade ettiği tartışılmış, kimi zamanda antik eserlerle ilgili verdiği bilgiler,
kendisinden sonra gelen müelliflerin piramitler ve diğer antik eserler hakkında
söyledikleriyle karşılaştırılmış ve böylelikle bilgilerin güvenirliği test edilmiştir.
Klasik Arap Mizahında Hatipler
Authors: ARSLAN Mehmet Nafi
Published: June 2019

Klasik Arap Mizahında HatiplerOrators İn Classic Arabic HumorMehmet
Nafi ArslanDr, Öğr. Üyesi, Siirt Üniversitesi Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu,
Arapça Mütercim Tercümanlık BölümüDr.,
Lecturer, Siirt University, School of Foreign Languages, Department of Arabic
Translation and İnterpretingSiirt
, Turkeym.nafiarslan@hotmail.comorcid.org/0000-0003-4507-9499 Klâsik Arap edebiyatı
kaynakları, Arap sosyal yaşantısında meydana gelen birçok olayı mizah
perspektifiyle ele almıştır. Mizaha konu olan olaylar çoğaldıkça karakterler de
değişmiş, oldukça zengin bir mizahi karakterler topluluğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Arap edebî metinlerinde mizah zaviyesinden ele alınan karakterlerden biri de
hatiplerdir.  Hatiplerin insanlara hitap
ederken karşı karşıya kaldıkları ilgi çekici durumlar birçok anekdotta ele
alınmıştır.  Bu makalede, hatipler ile
ilgili mizahi anlatıların tespit ve değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. İlgili
rivayetler hitabetin vuku bulduğu yer ve zamana göre tasnife tabi tutulmuş,
hatiplerin mizaha konu olma nedenleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma
boyunca incelenen anekdotlar aracılığıyla hatipler ile dinleyicilerin birbirine
karşı tutumları ortaya çıkartılmış, Arap toplumunun hitabet ve hatipler ile
olan ilişkilerinin ipuçları da açığa çıkmıştır.
Molla Sadrâ’da İrade Problemi
Authors: Baran Sedat
Published: June 2019

Molla Sadrâ’da İrade ProblemiThe Problem of Will in Mulla SadraSedat BaranDr. Öğr. Üyesi, Batman Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi İslâm FelsefesiAnabilim Dalı / Asst. Prof. Dr., Batman University, Faculty of Islamic Sciences,Department of Islamic Philosophy - Batman, Turkeysedat.baran@batman.edu.trORCID: 0000-0002-9875-6046Geliş Tarihi: 16.03.2019, Kabul Tarihi: 04.05.2019DOI: 10.34085/buifd.540911      Molla Sadrâ’ya göre irade mâhiyetten arî varlıksal bir
olgudur. Bu yüzden hakikatini bir bütün olarak ihtiva edecek özsel ve ilintisel
tanımı yoktur. Nitekim Molla Sadrâ’nın yaptığı tanım da lâfzî/adsal bir
tanımdır.Molla Sadrâ selef filozof ve mütekellimlerden
farklı olarak ilk defa iradenin varlıkla türdeş olduğunu söyledi ve varlığın
özelliklerinin iradeye nispet verdi. Bu yaklaşıma göre iradenin ilk özelliği
varlık gibi ortak anlamlı bir kelime olmasıdır. Yani irade kavramı Allah Teâlâ
hakkında kullanıldığında ihtiva ettiği anlam ile mahlûklar hakkında
kullanıldığında ihtiva ettiği anlam birdir. İradenin ikinci özelliği yine varlık gibi
farklı derece ve mertebelere delalet etmesidir. Yani irade tek bir hakikat olmak beraber farklı
mertebelere ve şiddet ve zaafa sahiptir ve varlığın her
mertebesinde farklı bir şekilde tecelli eder. Bu yüzden her mertebede kendisine has
hükümleri vardır ve bir mertebede vacip iken başka bir mertebede mümkündür.Molla Sadrâ
bu yöntemle ilâhi iradenin hem zâti ve hem de fiili sıfat olması durumunda
ortaya çıkacak problemleri çözdü ve iradenin kadimde kadim,
hadiste de hadis olduğunu açıkladı.
Tokat Ebu Şems (Vezir Ahmed Paşa) Zaviyesi Vakfı
Authors: OKUDAN Muhammet
Published: June 2019

Muhammet OKUDANDr. Öğretim Üyesi, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, İlahiyat Fakültesi, İslamTarihi ve Sanatları Bölümü, Siyer ve İslam Tarihi Anabilim DalıAssist.Prof. Dr., Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversity, Faculty of Divinity,Department of History of İslam and Arts, Science of Siyar and İslamic HistoryTokat, TURKEYmuh.okudan@gmail.comORCID: org/0000-0002-3400-1410Geliş Tarihi: 05.04.2019, Kabul Tarihi: 03.05.2019DOI: 10.34085/buifd.549871Ebu Şems Zaviyesi Tokat’ta
Sultan II. Mesut döneminde Hicri 687/Miladi 1288 yılında Ebu’l-Hasan bin
Eş-Şems tarafından inşa ettirilmiştir. Bu zaviyeye gelir getirmek üzere Tokat
Merkezde çeşitli dükkanlar, bahçeler, değirmen hissesi ile Artukabad’da çeşitli
köyler vakfedilmiştir. Vâkıf zaviyede görev yapmak üzere şeyh, sufi, müezzin,
bevvab gibi çeşitli kadrolar ihdas etmiş ve bu görevlere azatlı kölelerinin
atanmasını şart koşmuştur. Vakfın muhasebesi ile ilgili Osmanlı öncesi döneme
ait herhangi bir belge tespit edilememiştir. Aynı şekilde Osmanlı
döneminde de Ebu Şems Zaviyesi ile ilgili bir belgeye  rastlanmamıştır. Bununla birlikte yapının
Osmanlı döneminde “Vezir Hankahı”, “Vezir Ahmed Paşa Zaviye ve Türbesi” olarak isimlendirildiği
anlaşılmıştır. Gerek Ebu Şems gerekse Vezir Ahmed Paşa hakkında detaylı bir
bilgi bulunamamıştır. İncelenen muhasebe kayıtlarında vakfa bir takım
müdahaleler yapılarak akarların büyük bir kısmına el konulduğu saptanmıştır. 19.
Yüzyılın sonlarına doğru ciddi bir tamirat geçiren zaviye 1939 depremine kadar
ayakta kalmayı başarmıştır. 39 depreminden sonra çekilen fotoğraflarda
zaviyenin dış duvarlarının yıkıldığı etrafına baraka şeklinde dükkanların
yapıldığı görülmüştür. 1969 yılında eski eser olarak tescil edilen yapı
günümüzdeki şeklini 1988 yılında yapılan restorasyonda almıştır. Bu makalede zaviyenin
elde edilen vakfiyesi ve muhasebe kayıtları değerlendirilerek Tokat’ın dini ve
sosyal tarihinin ortaya çıkarılmasına bir katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles’ Gonchar
Authors: Pakhomov Olexandr
Published: June 2019

The Dnipropetrovsk National University is a multi-profile educational and scientific complex, where 16 faculties, the faculty of continuing education, the faculty of correspondence and distance education, post-graduate courses, doctorate, three scientific research institutes, 107 sub-faculties (departments) function, where about 1300 teachers including 150 Doctors of Science, professors and about 700 Candidates of Science, associate professors. In Dnipropetrovsk National University 15,000 students study majoring in 64 fields of knowledge and also foreign students and post-graduate students from more than 20 countries of the world study there. The educational and scientific process at the university correspond to the highest levels of the home and world standards.
The influence of fertilization on the soil characteristics of a calcareous chernozem in a long term experiment
Authors: Kátai János
Published: June 2019

In the long term fertilization experiment of the University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Science(CAAEC) (Debrecen Látókép), the effects of a 25-year-long fertilization were examined in terms of some chemical and microbiological properties of soil. With the growing doses of fertilizers, the available nutrient content of soil increased. At the same time the pH significantly decreased, while the hidden acidity increased. Moreover, the ratio between the soil bacteria and microscopic fungi, and the occurrence of microbes also changed. The number of sensitive physiological bacteria groups decreased dramatically. These changes indicate the reactions of living organisms; they correspond to the „resistance stage” of stress effects, but in the case of nitrifying bacteria, they reach the „exhaustion stage”.
Identification and specific variety of actinomyces of streptomycetes genus in some chernozems of Ukraine
Authors: Syshchykova Oksana , Gryshko Vitalii
Published: June 2019

Is definite the quantitative and quality composition of chernozem usual and southern streptomycetes cenosis. It is rotined that humus horizons of chernozem usual more biogenic, than chernozem southern. Analysis of specific structure of streptomycetes association and calculation of some biodiversity indexes by Margalef, Berger-Parker and Serensen it was allowed to set the specific features of forming of these microorganisms cenosis in investigated soils.
Influence of mammal fossorial activity on bearing-out some chemical elements on up of soil cover
Authors: Pakhomov Olexandr , Didur Oleg , Loza Iryna
Published: June 2019

Fossorial activity of mammals is conductive to trace of microelements from more deep soil horizons into zone of its active involving to biological cycle. As a result of researches have established the mostly intensive migration of micro- and macroelements that is goes at the expense of mammals fossorial activity it is typical for humid gully lime-and-ash with oak wood. A middle position in speed of entering chemical elements is belonging to artificial oak wood in the watershed and humid lime-and-ash with oak wood in floodplain. Mostly slow migration in speed of entering elements is typical for middle-dry pine wood on sandy terrace.