Retrospective Analysis of Experimental and Clinical Studies of the Effect of Sodium Chloride Baths on the Body
Authors: Kulchitskaya Detelina B. , Fesyun Anatoliy D. , Yurova Olga V. , Konchugova Tatiana V. , Kiyatkin Vladimir A. , Apkhanova Tatiana V. , Marfina Tatiana V. 
Published: November 2023

AIM. Retrospective analysis of experimental and clinical studies of the effect of sodium chloride baths on the body.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. The retrospective analysis included experimental and clinical studies revealing the mechanisms of action of sodium chloride baths on the human body, as well as their therapeutic effect in the rehabilitation of patients with various chronic non-communicable diseases, which were carried out on the basis of the National Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and Balneology over the past 60 years.
RESULTS. It was found that sodium chloride baths (HCV) have a distinctive, inherent effect for them, which depends on the concentration of sodium chloride, the temperature of the water in the bath and the initial state of the body. Experimental work has proved the different effect of HCV of different concentrations on the function of the adrenal cortex. It was found that with an increase in the concentration of sodium chloride in the bath, the observed changes were more pronounced. In the experiment, it was revealed that as a result of the action of HCV, general reactions of the whole organism were observed. Baths with a sodium chloride concentration of 30 g/l change the functional state of the brain in the direction of reducing excitability, and baths with a sodium chloride content of 60 g/l in the direction of its increase. It has been established that HCV is an adequate and pathogenetically justified method of treating patients with CKD. The realization of the therapeutic effect of baths was determined by their anti-inflammatory and desensitizing effect, influence on central and regional hemodynamics. Baths with a sodium chloride concentration of 40 g/l had a more pronounced positive effect. Studies conducted in patients with hypertension have proven the benefits of using HCV with a lower temperature of 31–32 °C. It is also proved that in patients of this category, the use of HCV with a concentration of 40 g/l had a more pronounced hypotensive, antianginal effect and led to an increase in physical performance, to an improvement in central, peripheral and cerebral hemodynamics compared with baths with a concentration of 20 g/l. Other studies testified to the beneficial effect of HCV in coronary heart disease, which was expressed in improving the contractile function of the myocardium and increasing the level of physical performance and coronary reserve of the heart. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, desensitizing effect of HCV was noted in patients with degenerative-dystrophic and infectious nonspecific joint lesions.
CONCLUSION. The presented scientific works of retrospective analysis reveal the mechanisms of the biological and therapeutic effects of HCV. The data obtained are the justification for their use in a number of diseases. For a more successful use of HCV, further regular generalization and analysis of existing evidence-based studies, as well as the implementation of new qualitative randomized controlled clinical trials of the action of HCV, first of all, the determination of the optimal concentration for each nosology, is necessary.