bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING INFORMATION SYSTEM ON BLACKSPOT SEVERITY FOR TRAVELLERS BY USING PYTHON AND GIS TECHNIQUES
Authors: Singh Nishant , Katiyar Sunil Kumar
Published: December 2024

To reduce road traffic accidents, it is mandatory to identify and analyze road network blackspots with a high accident rate. This analysis aims to develop a framework to analyze the severity of blackspots for travelers using the Python programming language. The proposed study uses accident data to identify the black spots.
Python programming language helps us perform geospatial-based analysis and data processing. It performs clustering of data spatially to identify the blackspots and statistics to calculate the severity and cause of accidents at these blackspot locations. The severity of each accident blackspot is calculated based on the frequency of accidents, injury severity, and volume of traffic at these locations.
The analysis is performed using maps and provides information about the blackspots for the stretches of road networks i.e. Balampur Ghati to Chanchal Square, Golkhedhi Square to Chanchal Square, and Balampur Ghati to Police Control Room of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. By providing this information to the travelers this study ensures that the travelers choose the safest route possible.
AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF COLON CANCER USING SAM AI
Authors: B Senthil Kumar , S Karpagavalli , K Keerthana , A Krishnaja
Published: December 2024

The third most prevalent form of cancer globally in both men and women is colon cancer which affects the digestive tract and occurs in the human body's greater intestine develops from certain polyps are tiisues that grow inside the colon of various sizes which at later stage can develop into a cancer cell. The tissues are taken from colon using biopsy method and cured. Under a microscope, histopathology images are categorised as a manual screening of colon the study tissue. Size of the nucleus and form of the glands are accepted standards for identifying colon cancer cells. The images obtaimed using colonscopy are converted into gray scale images where feature extraction done by conventional techniques and classified. To improve diagnosis methods for processing images and AI characteristics are also used. The automatic thresholding approach known as Otsu's Method, image thresholding, image enhancement, and edge detection techniques are used in the many processing procedures for an image. The SAM AI model is utilised to extract the malignancy characteristic of colon cancer. For the diagnostic images, metrics like resolution and peak signal to noise ratio are acquired.
RISK ASSESSMENT AND DECISION-MAKING IN GEOLOGY-DRIVEN PROJECTS: A MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Carvalho Annesly Anton , K Karthikeyan , J Clement Sudhahar , Jesiah Selvam
Published: December 2024

Executing many civil projects is arduous due to the many associated dangers. Risk Assessment (RA) is crucial for selecting building projects and managing construction activities. RA examines adverse events in the preparation and scheduling phases of building projects. Construction risk refers to the vulnerability to possible losses. Given the construction sector's significance to a nation's economy, it is imperative to investigate and analyze diverse risk identification and management solutions. This paper presents a methodology developed through a real-time case study to assess risk in building projects. Risk can be described as determining the probability, intensity, and exposure of all hazards related to a building phase. The research advocates for a combined approach for risk evaluation in building projects utilizing RA and the Geological Information System (GIS) for decision-making. The research identifies various hazards in building projects via the study of the literature research and the formulation of surveys. The suggested study documents the replies from diverse building projects to the specified surveys. The findings of the proposed study identify the primary hazards in building projects. The research advocates for a comprehensive spatial risk evaluation and a GIS-based approach for diverse building projects.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IN AL-MANATHIRA DISTRICT AND ITS SPATIAL RELATIONSHIP IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF LIVESTOCK
Authors: Almudhafar Rusul Z. , Almudhafar Safaa M. , Almayahi Basim A.
Published: December 2024

This research delves into the intricate relationship between environmental characteristics and livestock distribution in Al-Manathira district, Iraq. The study evaluates the influence of natural factors such as land topography, soil fertility, water resource availability, and climatic conditions on the spatial patterns of livestock species, including cattle, sheep, goats, and buffalo. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it combines field surveys, soil analysis, and spatial data mapping to reveal how environmental zones shape the densities and productivity of various livestock. Results highlight significant correlations between fertile soils, proximity to water resources, and livestock density, particularly in riverine lowlands. This analysis provides actionable insights for optimizing livestock management practices, promoting sustainable agricultural development, and addressing the challenges posed by environmental constraints in semi-arid regions like Al-Manathira.
ROLE OF GREEN BUILDINGS IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TIER-II CITIES IN INDIA
Authors: Jain Anshul , K Ananda Babu
Published: December 2024

Green building technologies (GBTs) have advanced significantly, as a result of the advantages to society, economy, and environment. It might lead to more environmentally friendly growth, considering climate change. The primary goal of GBTs is to utilize water, energy, and other resources sparingly in a balanced manner. Green buildings (GBs) have advantages in terms of reduced energy use and emissions, low operating and maintenance costs, improved productivity, and health. To determine the future course for sustainable green building technologies, a critical analysis of current residential projects in the field is mandatory. Conducting research that pertain to sustainable construction practices minimizing natural resources, are reasonably priced, are planned and built with the possibility of future growth. This article looks at how green building construction is going on, based on case study and offers suggestions for more research and development that will be required for residential projects leading to a sustainable future.
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON LOGISTICS SERVICES IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Alattas Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: December 2024

This research strives to explore the impact of technological advancements which have transformed logistics services in Saudi Arabia in line with Vision 2030 goals. It examines key technologies viz. Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, autonomous vehicles and drones etc. which have enhanced operational efficiency, reduced costs and improved service quality, thereby significant operational improvements to the logistics companies in Saudi Arabia. Case studies have been taken from local companies which demonstrate successful implementation of these technologies. Given the inherent challenges like regulatory requirements, infrastructure developments etc., the research also highlights the potential of autonomous vehicles and drones to further revolutionize transportation and last-mile delivery services. Overall, this study concludes that technological integration is critical for driving efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability in the logistics sector, aligning with Saudi Arabia's broader economic transformation goals.
Una nueva especie del género Soteriscus Taiti & Rossano, 2015 de Fuerteventura (islas Canarias, España): Soteriscus jandiensis n. sp. (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Porcellionidae)
Authors: Cifuentes Julio , Prieto Carlos E.
Published: December 2024

A new species of terrestrial isopod is described, Soteriscus jandiensis n. sp., found in Pico de La Zarza from the Jandía peninsula (Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain). Like the other three species from these islands of Soteriscus Taiti & Rossano, 2015 genus, it belongs to the “atlantic” group as it has: a rounded internal tip of exopodite I of the male; an elongated exopod of the uropod; and a reduced number of pores in the glandular fields of the pleuroepimers. Nevertheless, it is differentiated from this group for having a large rounded crest, with strong setae in the distal area, on the external face of the merus of the seventh pereiopod of the male.
Analisis Putusan Hakim terhadap Rehabilitasi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Narkotika
Authors: Evarina Evarina , Jamaluddin  , Budi Bahresy
Published: December 2024

Pecandu narkotika dianggap sebagai ‘’Self Victimizing Victims’’ yang menderita sindrom ketergantungan akibat penyalahgunaan narkotika. Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 mengatur dekriminalisasi pelaku penyalahgunaan narkotika, yang diwajibkan menjalani rehabilitasi medis dan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menjelaskan ketentuan hukum mengenai rehabilitasi bagi pecandu narkotika, serta menganalisis putusan hakim terkait rehabilitasi bagi pelaku penyalahgunaan narkotika (Studi Putusan Nomor 281/Pid.sus/2017/PN-Bna dan Putusan Nomor 256/Pid.Sus/2020/PN-Lsk). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan sifat deskriptif dan analitis untuk menggambarkan mekanisme pemberian rehabilitasi, yang diatur dalam Peraturan Kepala BNN No. 11 Tahun 2014 tentang Tata Cara Penanganan Pecandu Narkotika.
Metodologi Penelitian Hukum dalam Menyelesaikan Problematika Hukum Kontemporer
Authors: Muhammad Rudi Syahputra
Published: December 2024

Penelitian hukum di era globalisasi dan kemajuan teknologi menghadapi tantangan yang semakin kompleks, seperti kejahatan siber, perlindungan data pribadi, perubahan iklim, dan kesenjangan sosial. Masalah-masalah ini memerlukan pendekatan yang lebih fleksibel dan multidisipliner dalam penelitian hukum. Metodologi penelitian hukum yang tepat, baik normatif, empiris, kualitatif, kuantitatif, filsafat hukum, perbandingan hukum, atau interdisipliner, menjadi kunci untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, dan menyelesaikan masalah hukum kontemporer yang melibatkan banyak disiplin ilmu. Artikel ini mengulas berbagai metodologi yang dapat diterapkan dalam penelitian hukum kontemporer dan bagaimana metodologi tersebut dapat berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan hukum yang lebih responsif terhadap tuntutan zaman.
Developing a study tracker for guardians and students on Android mobile phones
Authors: Sa Sokngim , Nat Vannak , Chroeng Sokthan , Romdos Doeur , Hong Sothy , Hon Son , Ly Pich
Published: December 2024

The study aims to develop a student tracking app on a smartphone using the Andriod operating system. Two samples were randomly selected from a private school in Siem Reap for a 12-question open-ended questionnaire. The information obtained from this interview was analyzed as a content analysis method. Researchers used the analyzed information to design the program in Adobe XD and then created the program using MySQL to store and manage (Create, Read, Delete, Update) databases in Navicat. XAMPP is used to create Web Services. Write an API using PHP in Visual Studio Code and then test the generated API in Postman, which displays the data results in JSON format. Also, the development of Android applications uses the Java language with the Android Studio coding software and must display the results in the Android Emulator or mobile phone. All code storage and teamwork are done using Github and Git.
After creating the program, the researchers put the test unit to find the shortcomings and discuss the results. Based on the development of this study tracking program, it is possible to view study results, study schedules, errors (disciplinary advice), general information, and holidays for parents and students; researchers can help solve organizational problems. Success is in line with the objectives of the actual research.
Tourist attraction in the Banteay Srey District of Siem Reap Province after COVID-19
Authors: Ly Kanha , Sam Houngfa , Khat Sokhim , Kim Samnang , Sai Sopheak , Sinsen Thamvoant
Published: December 2024

This study examines the tourist attractions in Banteay Srei District, Siem Reap Province, in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic, focusing on three main objectives: (1) to analyze the tourist potential of the area, (2) to identify its unique attractions, and (3) to explore strategies for promoting its tourism potential. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, the study engaged five participants selected through judgemental sampling techniques. Data collected from interviews were analyzed using content analysis and narrative methods.
The findings indicate that Banteay Srei District possesses significant potential to draw both national and international tourists. Key tourism assets include its geographical location, cultural resources, historical significance, natural beauty, human resources, traditional Khmer architecture, and landscape. Unique attractions encompass local cuisine, beverages, language, souvenirs, environment, safety, organization, recreational activities, social events, and research opportunities.
Furthermore, promotional strategies for the region have been developed and implemented through various channels, including websites, social media, news outlets, community events, TripAdvisor, and travel agencies. This initiative has received backing from the Ministry and Department of Tourism, district administration, journalists, tourists, and local traders. The outcomes of this study aim to disseminate information about Banteay Srei's tourism potential to prospective travelers.
The influencing green motivation factors on employee performance, employee efficiency, and environmental performance at Schools in Siem Reap Province
Authors: Yoeung Sothan , Rom Marisa , Sorn Sreysour , Rapich Sreyneth , Mom Reaksmey , Khun Kalina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among Intrinsic Green Motivation, Extrinsic Green Motivation, Employee Performance, Employee Efficiency, and the Environmental Performance of schools. A total of 516 samples were selected using a systematic random sampling technique from three private schools and five public places in Siem Reap province. Primary data were collected through a self-administered survey consisting of 33 closed-ended questions. The data obtained from this questionnaire were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The findings of this study indicate that Intrinsic Green Motivation has a strong positive effect on both Employee Performance and Employee Efficiency. Similarly, Extrinsic Green Motivation also positively influences Employee Performance and Employee Efficiency. Additionally, Employee Performance significantly impacts Employee Efficiency. Finally, Employee Efficiency is shown to have a positive effect on the Environmental Performance of the schools. These results contribute to supporting green theory, motivation, and individual attitudes, ensuring effective implementation of green practices within organizations.
Effective Sequestration of Acid Orange-7 Dye from Wastewater by using Ricinus Communis Biochar along with Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Rimsha Jameel  , Saima Lashari  , Muhammad Nabeel Sharif  , Shabnam Javaid  , Kashif Alam  , Faisal Mahmood  , Waqar Ahmad  , Aneeza Kokab
Published: December 2024

Water is critical to the survival of life on Earth. Due to increased industrialization, overpopulation, and overexploitation, water quality and assets have deteriorated. To satisfy water demands, it is critical to treat effluents with cost-effective and environmentally friendly adsorbents. In this study, Ricinus communis biochar (RCB) and its nanocomposites with zinc oxide (RCB/ZnO) were employed to remove Acid Orange 7 dye on a batch basis (AO7). The effects of adsorbent dose (1 - 4g/L), dye starting concentration (25 - 500 mg/L), pH (2 - 8), and contact period (15 - 180 min) on the adsorption potential of different adsorbents were investigated and compared. When the IC was varied from 25-200mg/L, the findings showed that the elimination of AO7 by utilizing RCB was 90-70 percent. While the elimination of RCB/ZnONPs were found to be 99-89 percent effective in removing AO7. When compared to earlier investigations, the proposed materials are more efficient and have a higher adsorption capacity. The use of nanoparticle composites for AO7 cleanup at the industrial level has been suggested.
İbnü’l-Arabî’nin Siyaset ve İdare Anlayışı
Authors: Alkış Abdurrahim
Published: December 2024

İslâm düşünce tarihinin bir yazın türü de siyaset ve idare ile ilgili yazılan eserlerdir. İslâm düşünürleri bu alanda yüzlerce eser kaleme almış, bu eserler pek çok sultan ve vezir için başucu kaynak eser olmuştur. Bu alanda kendi düşünce sistemine özgün eserler kaleme alan bir düşünür de Muhyiddîn İbnü’l-Arabî’dir (v. 638/1240). İbnü’l-Arabî bu tür konulara tahsis ettiği bir ciltlik et-Tedbîratü’l-İlâhiyye fî ıslâhi’l-memleketi’l-insâniyye isimli eserinde ve 37 sifr’den/defterden oluşan el-Fütûhâtü’l-Mekkiyye isimli ansiklopedik eserinde çok özgün fikirler beyân eder. Biz bu çalışmamızda ağırlıklı olarak bu iki eseri üzerinden siyaset alanındaki görüşlerini ve etkilerini tespit etmeye çalışacağız. Özellikle bu konularla ilgili görüşlerini ünlü nazariyesi vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı çerçevesinde ele alacağız. Çünkü İbnü’l-Arabî bu âlemi yüce âlemlerin izdüşümü olarak görür. Ona göre şu içerisinde yaşadığımız âlemdeki varlıklar ve olaylar “varlık mertebeleri” diye isimlendirdiği mertebelerin üstlü-altlı olarak etkileşiminden ibarettir. Ona göre zât-sıfât-esmâ arasında üst mertebelerde olan etkileşim ve hiyerarşi farklı yansımalarla da olsa alt mertebelerdeki ruh, nefs ve beden arasındaki etkileşime yansır.
Muhammed Fevzi Bâtûmî’nin Zikir ile İlgili Görüşleri
Authors: Görgün Tuğba
Published: December 2024

Nakşibendi-Hâlidî meşâyihinden olan Muhammed Fevzi Bâtûmî (ö.1953), Ahmed Ziyâeddîn Gümüşhânevî (ö.1813-1894)’nin halifelerinden olan Şeyh Ömer Ziyâeddîn Dağıstânî (ö.1850-1920)’den icâzet alarak halifesi olmuştur. Üstadından icazeti 1921’li yıllarda almasına müteakip Eyüp’te bulunan Hacı Ali Tekkesi’nde irşad faaliyetleri yürütmüştür. Muhammed Fevzi Efendi, birçok Osmanlı meşâyıhi ve ârifleri gibi fazla tanınmayan manevî değerlerimizden biridir. Bâtûmî, Hulâsatu’t-Tasavvuf adlı eserinde tasavvufu “ilâhi ahlaklarla ahlaklanmak, kulluk sıfatlarıyla muttasıf olmak” olarak tanımlamaktadır. Bâtûmî eserinde müellif sûfîlerin şeriata bağlılıklarını yansıtan söz ve davranışlarına geniş yer verir.
Zikirden maksadın zikredileni huzuru kalp ile zikretmek olduğunu ifade eden Muhammed Fevzi Efendi kişinin kurtuluşa ermesinin ancak Hak Teâlâ’yı çokça zikrederek mümkün olabileceğini ifade eder. İnsan zikir için uygun yer ve zaman aramaması gerektiğini ifade eden Bâtûmî, zikrin insanı faydası olmayan şeylerle vaktini zayi etmekten koruduğunu ifade eder. Ona göre insan gerek dili gerekse kalbi ile Hakk’ı zikredebilir. Bâtûmî, konuyu ele alırken zikrin anlamını ve uygulama yönünü işlemiştir. Bu çalışmada Muhammed Fevzi Efendi’nin zikir ile ilgili görüşleri; zikir, zikrin âdâbları, kelime-i tevhid zikri, hatm-i hâcegân başlıkları altında incelenmiştir.
Meclis-i Meşayihin Bulaşıcı Hastalıklarla İlgili Tekkelerde Aldığı Tedbirler
Authors: Aydınlı Meliha
Published: December 2024

Tarih boyunca insanlığı etkileyen bulaşıcı hastalıklar, özellikle toplu yaşam alanlarında görülmekte ve insan hayatını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Salgınlar; Osmanlı Devleti’nin ictimaî yapısında önemli bir yer teşkil eden ve her kesimden insana ev sahipliği yapan tekke ve zaviyelerde de tehdit edici bir unsur olarak gündeme gelmiştir. Şeyhülislamlık bünyesinde tesis edilen ve tekkelerin yönetimi ile denetiminden sorumlu olan Meclis-i Meşâyih (1866-1925), bulaşıcı hastalıklarla ilgili birtakım tedbirler almıştır. Bunlardan en önemlisi; tekkelerde dikkat edilmesi gereken durumlarla ilgili Meclis’in yayınladığı talimatnamedir ve burada virüsler, hijyen ve temizlik ile dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlardan bahsedilmektedir. Talimatnamede; temizliğin İslam’ın şartı olduğu, sağlıklı yaşamın birinci kuralının nezafet dolu bir yaşamdan geçtiği, içtimaî yaşam alanlarında bu tür hastalıklarla daha fazla karşılaşılabileceği belirtilmiş, kurallara uyulması ve konunun dikkate alınması tavsiye edilmiştir. Ayrıca Meşihat dairelerinde görevli memurlara aşı mecburiyeti getirilmiş ve karantina uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bu makalede, Meclis-i Meşâyihin bulaşıcı hastalıklarla ilgili yayınladığı talimatname ile Meşihat dairesinde alınan tedbirler ve konuyla ilgili Meclis-i Meşâyih defterlerinde ele alınan kararlar incelenecektir.
Impact of Malaria in Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Health Among Flood-Affected Patients at GMC Sukkur
Authors: Shoaibunisa Soomro  , Mahjabeen  , Altaf Ahmed Shaikh  , Rubina Hafeez  , Shehneela Memon  , Hazooran Lakhan
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate the impact of malaria among flood-affected pregnant women and their fetuses who presented at Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College (GMMC) Sukkur
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional Hospital based study was conducted at Obs& Gynae at Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College (GMMC) Sukkur during the year of 2022 on pregnant women resident of flood affected areas regardless of age, parity, or booking status, with a diagnosis of malaria. Demographic and clinical details, along with data related to maternal and fetal health, were collected using a pre-designed study proforma. SPSS version 26 was used for the data entry and its analysis. 
Results: Mean age of the women was 25.33+8.33 years and mean gestational age was 35.27+2.50 weeks. Plasmodium Vivax was the most common plasmodium 90.2%, followed by falciparum 4.9% and combined infection was detected in 4.9% of the women. Maternal anemia was common (76.2%), mainly linked to P. vivax (67.2%, p=0.331), while thrombocytopenia occurred in 48.4% of cases, significantly associated with P. vivax (40.2%, p=0.020). Fetal complications included preterm birth (16.4%, p=0.538) and low birth weight (16.4%, p=0.515), primarily linked to P. vivax. Intrauterine demise (4.1%) showed a significant association (p=0.001).
Conclusion: This study revealed a significant impact of malaria, particularly Plasmodium vivax, on maternal and fetal outcomes among flood-affected women presented at GMC Sukkur. Frequent maternal complications observed anemia and thrombocytopenia, while fetal complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and NICU admissions were predominantly associated with P. vivax.
EXPLORING THE ADSORPTION POTENTIAL OF CARBON NANOTUBES AS EFFICIENT ADSORBERS FOR DRUG MOLECULES
Authors: Bilić Andrijana , Armaković Sanja J. , Pelemiš Svetlana , Savanović Maria M. , Armaković Stevan
Published: December 2024

This research observed the interaction between carbon nanotubes (CTs) and ephedrine (EH) molecules through a comprehensive utilization of density functional theory (DFT) and density functional tight-binding (DFTB) calculations applied to both periodic and isolated structures. EH, as a prevalent pharmaceutical pollutant, interacts with CTs and prominent organic nanostructures, prompting a meticulous examination of CTs’ potential as EH adsorbents. Multiple models of CTs were systematically scrutinized to elucidate their interaction with EH in detail. Given the substantial complexity of systems involving 122-187 atoms, the DFTB methodology was used for geometric optimizations. DFT computations were subsequently employed to procure accurate total energies, enabling the precise evaluation of binding energies between EH and nanotubes. The binding energies, ranging from ‒0.46 eV to ‒0.53 eV, confirm significant non-covalent interactions between CTs and EH. The shortest distance between EH and CT in all observed systems involves the hydrogen atom in the vicinity of the oxygen atom which is also crucial for non-covalent interactions. The outcomes underscore the propensity of CTs to adsorb EH molecules with notable binding energies, striking a balance between robust adhesion and facilitation of desorption under plausible experimental conditions. These findings not only shed light on the fundamental mechanisms governing the CT-EH interaction but also offer promising insights for the practical application of CTs in environmental remediation strategies targeting pharmaceutical pollutants.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THREE DIFFERENT SELF-ADHERING MATERIALS IN CLASS I RESTORATIONS
Authors: Janković Ognjenka , Paraš Smiljana , Arbutina Radmila , Knežević Nataša , Ilić Sanja , Adamović Tijana , Gnjato Sanja , Subotić Sanja , Protić Berić Verica , Mirjanić Vladan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Self-adhering flowable composite (Vertise Flow, Kerr, USA) simplified the long-lasting restorative procedure and opened a new chapter in conservative dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of VF in comparison with resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC, GC, Japan) and glass carbomer (Glass Fill, GCP Dental, Vianen, Netherlands) in cavities of I class. Material and methods: Thirty patients with initial occlusal caries lesions were recruited in the study. For each patient, three restorations of I class were placed, one each with each examined material. All materials were applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The restoration was evaluated after one month and after 6 months using the modified United States Public Health Service criteria measuring (retention, postoperative sensitivity, color match, marginal adaptation, and marginal discoloration). For statistical analysis, Fisher’s test, Student’s test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square test were used to investigate changes in the follow-up periods. Results: After one month and after 6 months, there was no statistically significant difference between the three materials for all the parameters tested (p0.05). Conclusion: VF showed a clinical effect similar to resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC, GC, Japan) and glass carbomer (Glass Fill, GCP Dental, Vianen, Netherlands) in cavities of I class after 6- months of follow-up.
COMBINED ORTHODONTIC - SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SEVERE SKELETAL CLASS III MALOCLUSSION
Authors: Stamenković Zorana , Stojić Vanja , Marinković Nemanja , Arsić Ivan , Marković Jovan , Nedeljković Nenad , Mirjanić Vladan , Krčić Vanja
Published: December 2024

Severe skeletal Class III caused by mandibular prognathism often requires a combined orthodontic and surgical treatment to ensure a stable therapeutic outcome. This case presents the therapeutic approach for a male patient who had a 1/2 / Class III malocclusion, an anterior open bite of 3 mm, anterior crossbite and a concave profile before initiating orthodontic treatment. The initial lateral cephalogram indicated mandibular prognathism (SNB 83°), a skeletal Class III (ANB -1°) with a tendency towards an open bite (B 31°), proclination of the upper incisors (I/SpP 59°), and retroclination of the lower incisors (i/ MP 92°). Additionally, an increased mandibular corpus length of 4 mm was observed. The second lateral cephalogram, taken immediately before surgical intervention indicated a skeletal Class III (ANB -3°), an increased mandibular corpus by 5.85 mm, and corrected inclinations of the upper and lower incisors. Presurgical treatment with fixed appliances lasted 36 months, followed by bimaxillary surgery. Postsurgical orthodontic treatment lasted 8 months, during which the patient wore vertical intermaxillary elastics to establish a stable occlusion. At the end of the treatment, Class I occlusion was achieved with proper overbite and overjet, and a harmonious facial profile. The post-surgical lateral cephalogram showed correction from Class III to Class I skeletal relationship, proper inclination of the upper and lower incisors, and corrected mandibular corpus length. Combined orthodontic - surgical treatment can effectively correct severe skeletal discrepancies caused by mandibular overdevelopment.
Representation of the image of "Russia" and "Russians" in video games as an integral part of the soft power policy of Western countries
Authors: Il'ichev Aleksei Vladimirovich
Published: December 2024

The article examines the issue of ideological content of the representative image of "Russia" and "Russians" in the modern Western video game industry. The purpose of this study is to study the video game industry as an example of an effective tool in the framework of the "soft power" policy of Western countries. The study identified the main archetypes (4 archetypes) in the representation of "Russia" and "Russians" in the Western video game industry, and highlighted the necessary measures for the successful development of the domestic video game industry as an integral part of cultural policy. The subject of the study is the works of the video game industry, in which Russia is present, in the role of the main / auxiliary antagonist of the story. The object of the research is political and ideological narratives in the representation of the image of "Russia" and "Russians" in the products of the Western video game industry.  To study the narratives and images embedded in the representative image of "Russia" and "Russians" in the video game industry, qualitative content analysis was applied, which allowed us to identify the main characteristics and archetypes. Quantitative content analysis was applied to consider the representation of the Eastern Front in projects dedicated to the Second World War. According to the results of the study, it was found that in the video game industry, the representation of "Russians" is negative, portraying them as the main or auxiliary antagonists. At their core, video games are based on visual images and narratives shaped by American popular culture during the Cold War, adapted to the modern military-political agenda. However, such a negative connotation is determined not so much by tradition, but by the emerging military and political situation. In addition, the representation of Russians as antagonists also has an economic aspect related to the proportionally smaller size of the domestic market compared to the Western or eastern one. In this regard, the protest of the Russian-speaking community, in the event of the appearance of antagonists of Russian nationality, will not have a significant impact on sales volumes. Projects dedicated to the Second World War are a separate area of the video game industry. The developers do not dedicate individual projects to the events on the Eastern Front, leaving the events in this theater as one of the components of the story campaigns. From the point of view of representing "Russia" and "Russians," the video games in this segment follow the narrative tradition laid down by former Wehrmacht generals, broadcasting historical fakes.
Discrete unified gas kinetic simulation of characteristics of variable temperature wall driven thermal creep flow in cavity
Authors: LIU Zanqi , LUO Yuan , WENG Wanliang , HE Qing , TAO Shi ,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
Published: December 2024

In order to examine the influence of wall temperature change on the flow and heat transfer properties of rarefied gas in restricted space, the discrete unified gas kinetic scheme (DUGKS) is used to simulate the thermal creep flows in a square cavity. All the boundaries of the cavity are stationary diffuse reflection walls. The temperature of left wall and right wall are lower, and the temperature of the upper wall and the lower wall are both subjected to periodic variation. The simulation parameters considered in the present work are set as follows: the Knudsen number Kn is in a range 0.01–10, temperature change frequency St in a range of 0.5–5, and temperature change amplitude Ah in a range of 0.1–0.8. The results indicate that the velocity field and temperature field in the cavity exhibit periodic variations. No inverse Fourier heat transfer phenomenon is observed within the parameter ranges studied. The intensity of the thermal creep flow can be increased by increasing the frequency, temperature, and the Knudsen number. This can also raise the temperature jump and velocity slip close to the temperature change walls. Heat transfer lag and a reduction in the heat transfer capability of the wall are caused by increasing St and Kn. When St is small, say, St = 0.5, a complex vortex structure is seen in the cavity. As the value of St rises to 5, the vortex disappears, the gas travels from the variable temperature wall to the horizontal centerline of cavity, and the region close to the middle of the left wall and right wall changes from an endothermic zone to an exothermic zone. Furthermore, the temperature field and velocity field inside the cavity hardly change, but the degree of heat transfer on the wall decreases with the increase of Ah. The main results are shown in the figure attached below. This work provides helpful recommendations for designing the MEMS devices by using pulsed heating.
Effects of turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking on edge shear flow during sawtooth cycles in J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: DING Xiaoguan , ZHAO Kaijun , XIE Yaoyu , CHEN Zhipeng , CHEN Zhongyong , YANG Zhoujun , GAO Li , DING Yonghua , WEN Siyu , HU Yingxin ,   School of Nuclear Science and Engineer, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China,   State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: December 2024

The effect of sawteeth on plasma performance and transport in the plasma of tokamak is an important problem in the fusion field. Sawtooth oscillations can trigger off heat and turbulence pulses that propagate into the edge plasma, and thus enhancing the edge shear flow and inducing a transition from low confinement mode to high confinement mode. The influences of turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking on edge shear flow with sawtooth crashes are observed in the J-TEXT tokamak. The edge plasma turbulence and shear flow are measured using a fast reciprocating electrostatic probe array. The experimental data are analyzed using some methods such as conditional average and probability distribution function. After sawtooth crashes, the heat and turbulence pulses in the core propagate to the edge, with the turbulence pulse being faster than the heat pulse. The attached figures (a)–(e) show the core electron temperature, and the edge electron temperature, turbulence intensity, turbulence drive and spreading rates, Reynolds stress and its gradient, and shearing rates, respectively. After sawtooth crashes, the edge electron temperature increases and the edge turbulence is enhanced, with turbulence preceding temperature. The enhanced edge turbulence is mainly composed of two parts: the turbulence driven by local gradient and the turbulence spreading from core to edge. The development of the estimated turbulence spreading rate is prior to that of the turbulence driving rate. The increase in the turbulence intensity can cause the turbulent Reynold stress and its gradient to increase, thereby enhancing shear flows and radial electric fields. Turbulence spreading leads the edge Reynolds stresses to develop and the shear flow to be faster than edge electron temperature. The Reynolds stress arises from the symmetry breaking of the turbulence wave number spectrum. After sawtooth collapses, the joint probability density function of radial wave number and poloidal wave number of turbulence intensity becomes highly skewed and anisotropic, exhibiting strong asymmetry, which can be seen in attached figures (f) and (g). The development of turbulence spreading flux at the edge is also prior to the particle flux driven by turbulence, indicating that turbulent energy transport is not simply accompanied by turbulent particle transport. These results show that the turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking can enhance turbulent Reynolds stress, thereby driving shear flows, after sawtooth has crashed.
Experimental verification of on-chip quantum key distribution based on advantage distillation
Authors: ZHANG Rui , TIAN Yu , ZHANG Bin , CHEN Gaohui , DING Huajian , ZHOU Xingyu , WANG Qin ,   Changqing Oilfield Company Digital and Intelligent Business Division, China National Petroleum Corporation, Xi’an 710018, China,   Institute of Quantum Information and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China
Published: December 2024

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been extensively studied for practical applications. Advantage distillation (AD) represents a key technique to extract highly correlated bit pairs from weakly correlated ones, thus improving QKD protocol performance, particularly in large-error scenarios. However, its practical implementation remains under-explored. In this study, the AD is integrated into the three-intensity decoy-state BB84 protocol and its performance is demonstrated on a high-speed phase-encoding platform. The experimental system employs an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) fabricated on a silicon dioxide optical waveguide chip for phase encoding, which is benefited from its low coupling loss and minimum waveguide transmission loss. Phase-randomized weak coherent pulses, generated by a distributed feedback laser at 625 MHz, are modulated into decoy states of varying intensities. The signals are encoded via an AMZI and attenuated to single-photon levels before transmission. At the receiver, another AMZI demodulates the signals detected by avalanche photodiodes in gated mode. Experiments conducted at 50 km and 105 km demonstrate secure key rates of 104 kbits/s and 59 bits/s, respectively. The results at shorter distances closely match theoretical predictions, while slight deviations at 105 km are attributed to signal attenuation and noise. Despite these challenges, the results obtained at 105 km highlight the effectiveness of AD in enhancing secure key rates in the large-error scenario. This study confirms the potential of AD in extending secure communication range of QKD. By leveraging the high integration and scalability of silicon dioxide photonic chips, the proposed system lays a foundation for large-scale QKD deployment, paving the way for developing advanced protocols and real-world quantum networks.
Design of meta-surface lens integrated with pupil filter
Authors: ZHONG Runhui , LING Jinzhong , LI Yangyang , YANG Xudong , WANG Xiaorui ,   School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
Published: December 2024

Metasurface lenses are miniature flat lenses that can precisely control the phase, amplitude, and polarization of incident light by modulating the parameters of each unit on the substrate. Compared with conventional optical lenses, they have the advantages of small size, light weight, and high integration, and are the core components of photonic chips. Currently, the hot topics for metasurface lens are broadband and achromatic devices, and there is still less attention paid to the resolution improvement. To break through the diffraction limit and further improve the focusing performance and imaging resolution of metasurface lenses, we use unit cells to perform multi-dimensional modulation of the incident light field. Specifically, in this paper, we combine phase modulation of metasurface lens with a pupil filtering, which has been widely applied to traditional microscopy imaging and adaptive optics and has demonstrated powerful resolution enhancement effects. The integrating of these two technologies will continue to improve the imaging performance of metasurface lenses and thus expanding their application fields.

In this work, we firstly design a single-cell super-surface lens composed of a silicon nanofin array and a silica substrate as a benchmark for comparing the performance of integrated super-surface lens. The lens achieves an ideal focal spot for incident light at 633 nm, resulting in a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 376.0 nm. Then, a three-zone phase modulating pupil filter is proposed and designed with the same aperture of metasurface lens, which has a phase jump of 0-π-0 from the inside to the outside of the aperture. From the simulation results, the main lobe size of the focal spot is compressed obviously. In the optimization, its structural parameters are scanned for the best performance, and an optimal set of structural parameters is selected and used in the integrated metasurface lens. Finally, the integrated metasurface lens is designed by combining the metasurface lens with a three-zone phase modulating pupil filter, and the FWHM of its focal spot is compressed to 323.4 nm (≈ 0.51λ), which is not only 15% smaller than original metasurface lens’s FWHM of 376.0 nm, but also much smaller than the diffraction limit of 0.61λ/NA (when NA = 0.9, it is approximately 429.0 nm). This result preliminarily demonstrates the super-resolution performance of the integrated super-surface lens. With the comprehensive regulation of multi-dimensional information, such as amplitude, polarization, and vortex, the integrated super-surface optical lens will achieve more excellent super-resolution focusing and imaging performance, and will also be widely used in the fields of super-resolution imaging, virtual reality, and three-dimensional optical display, due to its characteristics of high resolution, high integration, and high miniaturization.
Effects of ambient noise on quantum speed limit time and quantum discord dynamics of a double “gravitational cat state” system
Authors: DAI Youcheng , HAN Wei , ZHANG Yingjie ,   School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
Published: December 2024

The exploration of the quantum nature of gravity has always been the focus of academic research. In this work, we consider a double “gravitational cat state” quantum system consisting of a pair of massive particles coupled with gravitational interaction confined in their respective double potential wells. Specifically, we model the double “gravitational cat state” system as a two-qubit system by assuming that the system is initially in the two-qubit Bell state, and investigate the effects of stable classical field and decayed field noise on the quantum speed limit time (QSLT) and trace distance discord (TDD) dynamics of the double “gravitational cat state”. The results show that the QSLT can be controlled by changing the parameters of the system and the environment, and the quantum state dynamic evolution of the system with massive particles can be accelerated. The quantum state evolution can be accelerated by increasing the gravitational coupling intensity between the two massive particles. The decay rate of the decaying field can also regulate the QSLT of the system to a certain extent, so as to accelerate the quantum state evolution. Under the influence of decaying field noise, it is worth noting that the intensity of gravitational coupling affects the frequency of quantum discord oscillations in this two-particle system. The QSLT shows an oscillating trend with time: rapidly increasing to a certain value in a short period of time, then beginning to decline, and then oscillating until it reaches a stable value. That is to say, the evolution of quantum states goes through an oscillatory cycle of first deceleration and then acceleration until the evolution rate becomes stable after a certain period of time. At the same time, there are similar oscillations in the dynamics of quantum discord. Moreover, by comparing these two, it is found that the QSLT decreases in the process of increasing the quantum discord in the system. When the discord oscillation has regularity, the QSLT tends to a certain value, and the quantum discord of the double “gravitational cat state” system has a certain relationship with the QSLT. In other words, the quantum discord will affect the rate of quantum state evolution to some extent, and the increase of quantum discord between systems will be more conducive to the evolution of quantum states.
Mountain Wetland Vegetation Changes for Thirteen Years in Vitosha Mountain (Bulgaria)
Authors: Sopotlieva Desislava , Velev Nikolay , Terziyska Tsvetelina , Apostolova Iva
Published: December 2024

This study presents a sample of the high-mountain wetland vegetation changes over a 13-year period in Vitosha Nature Park. We re-survey the vegetation at the same locations, that were ensured by a 10 m buffer delimited around each 2006 coordinates and within this buffer sampling plots were re-located in 2019. We re-confirm all the previous high-mountain wetland vegetation plots, but detected changes of vegetation composition as: 1) an increase in both cover and diversity of vascular plants accompanied by decreasing of bryophytes mainly at the expense of Sphagnum species for the sub-alpine mires of Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae; and 2) a reverse tendency towards an increase in the cover and diversity of bryophytes in the lower mountain belts for the wet meadows of class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. According to the observed plant species composition changes for this 13-year period in Vitosha Mtn., the sub-alpine mire vegetation “tend to get dryer”, while lower wet meadow grasslands have become closer to mire vegetation. The high-mountain wetlands preservation is important for both the biodiversity conservation and for the long-term monitoring on vegetation and climate perspectives.
Highly Breathable Chemically Protective MOF‐Fiber Catalysts
Authors: Lee Dennis T. , Dai Zijian , Peterson Gregory W. , Hall Morgan G. , Pomerantz Natalie L. , Hoffman Nicole , Parsons Gregory N.
Published: October 2021

Fibrous composite materials provide distinct advantages in large surface area and enhanced molecular transport through the media, lending themselves to diverse applications. Despite substantial development in synthetic methods, it is still lacking in insights into structure–property relationships that can correlate features of the functional materials to absorptive, transport, and catalytic performance of the composites. Herein, for the first time, a systematic structure–property–function analysis is provided for Zr‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) coated onto polypropylene nonwoven textiles. MOF fraction on the fabric and defect density in MOF microstructures are controlled by an in situ seeded growth, where fiber surfaces are pretreated with metal‐oxide by atomic layer deposition. The best performing MOF‐fiber composite shows a rapid catalytic hydrolysis rate for a chemical warfare agent simulant, p‐nitrophenyl phosphate with t1/2 < 5 min, and a significant permeation restriction of a real agent GD‐vapor through the composite. Of added advantage is the observed moisture vapor transport rate of 15 000 g m−2 day−1 for the composite, which is notably superior to that of other commercially available chemical‐protective fabrics. The chemical‐protective composites realized in this work overcome the breathability/detoxification trade‐off and show promise for the materials to be deployed in a realistic field.