Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Rumput Laut Cokelat (Sargassum cristaefolium) terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Harhara Zanira Faisal , Suryani Dewi , Sunarwidhi Anggit Listyacahyani 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKStaphylococcus epidermidis diketahui menyebabkan infeksi kulit oportunistik termasuk menyebabkan acne vulgaris. Pemilihan bahan alam rumput laut cokelat Sargassum cristaefolium diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif baru terhadap tingginya angka resistensi bakteri akibat antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol S.cristaefolium terhadap S.epidermidis. S.cristaefolium dikumpulkan dari pantai Batu Layar Lombok dan dimaserasi dengan etanol 96%. Penelitian ini kemudian mencakup pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak etanol S.cristaefolium (60%, 80% dan 100%) dan kontrol positif doksisiklin. Aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak diamati dengan metode difusi sumuran agar. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik menggunakan uji parametrik One Way ANOVA. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol S.cristaefolium mengandung alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid dan steroid serta memiliki daya hambat antibakteri pada konsentrasi 100% dengan diameter hambat 9.46 ± 1.60 termasuk katagori sedang, konsentrasi 80% dan 60% memiliki daya hambat lemah dengan diameter 2.63 ± 0.74 dan 1.96 ± 0.71. Bila dibandingkan kontrol positif, daya hambat ekstrak etanol S.cristaefolium memiliki hasil yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan uji statistik One Way ANOVA, hasil aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol S.cristaefolium berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol negative yang terlihat dari nilai p < 0.05.Kata kunci: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Sargassum cristaefolium;Aktivitas Antibakteri; Ekstrak etanol 96%; Zona hambatABSTRACTStaphylococcus epidermidis is known to cause opportunistic skin infections including acne. The selection of natural material such as brown seaweed Sargassum cristaefolium is expected to be used as a new alternative to high number of bacterial resistance due to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of S.cristaefolium against S.epidermidis. S.cristaefolium collected from Batu Layar coast Lombok and macerated with 96% ethanol. This research  included the difference of any concentrations (60%, 80% and 100%) and doxycycline as positive control. The Antibacterial activity of the extract would be observed by agar well diffusion method. The data was then analyzed statistically using the One Way ANOVA parametric test. The results of phytochemical screening showed the ethanolic extract of S.cristaefolium contained alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid and steroid. The antibacterial test showed that  at the concentration of 100% S.cristaefolium had 9.46 ± 1.60 of inhibition zone diameter and it was classified in to medium category. At the concentrations of 80% and 60% S.cristaefolium were classified in to weak category.  The diameters of the inhibition zone were 2.63 ± 0.74 and 1.96 ± 0.71. The research showed doxycycline as positive control has better result than any concentrations ethanol extract of S.cristaefolium. Based on the One Way ANOVA statistical test, the results of the antibacterial activity of S.cristaefolium ethanol extract were significantly different compared to the negative control, as seen from the p value < 0.05.Keyword: Staphylococcus epidermidis; Sargassum cristaefolium; Antibacterial activity; 96% ethanol extract; Zone of inhibition