bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Molecular Assays Simulator to Unravel Predictors Hacking in goal-directed molecular generations
Authors: Turk Joseph-André , Gendreau Philippe , Drizard Nicolas , Gaston-Mathé Yann
Published: June 2022

Generative models are being increasingly used in drug discovery campaigns, very often coupled with ADME or bio-assays Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models to optimize a given set of properties. The molecules proposed by these algorithms are often revealed to be false positives, i.e. outside the true candidate drug target profile (CDTP), because the predictors are being hacked by the generative model during the optimization. By hacking we mean an over-optimization of the predicted score leading to an actual decrease or stagnation of the real score. This issue is reminiscent of adversarial examples in Machine Learning and it can be seen as evidence of the Goodhart’s law - “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”. This issue is even more apparent in a multi-objective setting where the models need to extrapolate outside the train set distribution, because there are no known molecules satisfying all the objectives simultaneously in the initial train set. However, analysing this problem is very difficult and expensive since it requires synthesis and tests of the generated molecules. Consequently, efforts have been made to develop various kinds of in silico oracles - real-valued functions used as proxies for molecular properties, to help with the evaluation of these generative model-based pipelines. However, these oracles have had a limited value so far, as they are often too easy to model in comparison to biological assays, and are usually limited to mono-objective cases. In this work, we introduce a simulator of multi-target assays using a smartly initialized neural network (NN) which returns continuous values for any input molecule. We use this oracle to replicate a real-world prospective lead optimization scenario. First, we train predictive models on an initial small sample of molecules aimed at predicting their real oracle values. Second, we generate new optimized molecules using the open-source GuacaMol package, coupled with the previously built models. Finally, we select compounds which match the CDTP according to the predicted values and evaluate them by computing the true oracle values. We observe that even when the predictive models have excellent estimated performance metrics, the final selection still contains many false positives according to the NN-based oracle. We evaluate the optimization behavior in mono and bi-objective scenarios using either a logistic regression or a random forest predictive model. We also propose and evaluate several methods to help mitigate the hacking issue.
Computationally aided design of defect-appended aliphatic amines for CO2 activation within UiO-66
Authors: Pareras Gerard , Taddei Marco , Tiana Davide
Published: June 2022

We report CO2 adsorption and subsequent formation of carbamic acid within defective UiO-66 functionalised with aliphatic amines. Periodic Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirm the activation of CO2 with the aliphatic amines and the mechanism followed to obtain the final carbamic acid, the key point in this process is the formation of hydrogen bonding between the aliphatic amines.
Direct evidence for the key role of protons in the protonic p-n junction using L-band EPR and polyaniline as a proton-sensitive spin probe
Authors: Langer Jerzy J. , Baranowski Mikołaj , Kujawa Maciej , Golczak Sebastian
Published: June 2022

Due to the dependence of electrical conductivity and spin density from proton concentration (affecting the protonation degree of polyaniline molecules), polyaniline in the emeraldine base form (PANI EB) is an effective proton-sensitive spin probe, which has been used in studying of the protonic p-n junction with a L-band EPR. The method leads to the direct insight into the protonic p-n junction, including changes in proton density with bias voltage: the concentration of protons in the p-n junction area increases with forward polarization (positive at the proton-donor doped site) and decreases with the blocking polarization (in the reverse direction). The results make the first direct evidence for the key role of protons in the protonic p-n junction.
Photoinduced transfer hydrogenation of nitrogen to ammonia using a Mo-catalyst and a Hantzsch ester donor is demonstrated with and without an Ir-photoredox co-catalyst
Authors: Johansen Christian , Boyd Emily , Peters Jonas
Published: June 2022

Whereas photoredox catalysis using molecular systems enjoys considerable utility in small molecule transformations and reactions relevant to organic synthesis, to date there are no related examples of photodriven catalytic nitrogen fixation. We wondered whether a photoinduced transfer hydrogenation strategy might provide a viable pathway toward such a reaction. Hantzsch esters (and related organic structures) offer an opportunity for catalysis design in this context as they can behave as photoreductants, though to our knowledge they had yet to be shown to be compatible with such a redox intensive process (6 e–/6 H+). In the present study we demonstrate that fully reduced Hantzsch esters (abbreviated as HEH2) successively deliver stored H2-equivalents to N2, producing NH3 catalytically, in the presence of a molecular precatalyst (Mo) under blue-light irradiation but otherwise ambient conditions. While not required for the observed photocatalysis, the addition of a photoredox catalyst (Ir) to the reaction mixture enhances both the rate and turnover number of the net transformation. Encouraging with respect to future studies toward recycling the donor, electrochemically or via hydrogenation, other N-heterocycle H2-donors are also compatible with catalysis in the presence of the photoredox catalyst. The reduction of N2 to NH3 by HEH2 or H2 are thermodynamically very similar (ΔΔGf(NH3) = 1.8 kcal mol–1 in acetonitrile). However, whereas the combination of H2 with N2 to produce NH3 is accomplished via high temperature and pressure over a metal catalyst, the needed overpotential to drive the reduction of N2 by HEH2 can instead be derived from light. This study hence illustrates a promising photoredox catalysis approach toward deep reduction of robust small molecule substrates via photoinduced transfer hydrogenation, with the complete reduction of the triple bond of N2 providing a vivid example.
Analisis Motivasi Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan
Authors: Suryanti Ery
Published: June 2022

Moivasi kerja yang dimiliki seseorang akan membawa pada kepuasan kerja dengan motivasi yang terdiri dari faktor internal dan eksternal sangat berpengaruh pada diri karyawan dalam menjalankan pekerjaannya. Faktor internal ada pada diri seseorang karyawan yang bekerja faktor ini sangat penting karena seseorang yang bekerja dengan rasa senang maka akan memudahkan seseorang melakukan pekerjaan dengan baik rasa yang di miliki akan membuat seseorang bertahan dalam bekerja dan memiliki tanggung jawab seseorang tidak akan benar dalam bekerja kalau sudah tidak menyukai pekerjaannya. Rasa itulah yang harus di timbulkan oleh karyawan rasa bahagia menjalankan pekerjaannya akan memotivasi dirinya. Faktor eksternal adalah faktor yang ada di lingkungan sekitar bagaiman pekerjaannya, hubungan dengan karyawanan lain serta keadaan tempat bekerja sangat berpengaruh pada karyawan. Motivasi yang terjaga akan membuat seseorang merasa puas dalam melakukan pekerjaannya kepuasaan kerja akan tercapai jika karyawan sudah melakukan pekerjaan dan tanggung jawabnya sebaik mungkin dan memberikan yang terbaik yang sudah dilakukan baik utuk pekerjaannya atau dirinya sendiri rasa puas ini yang meembuat karyawan tetap bertahan pada pekerjaannya. Penelitian yang di hasilkan bahwa karyawan memiliki motivasi kerja dan memiliki kepuasan kerja dilihat dari karyawan yang tetap mempertahankan rasa yang khas untuk rumah makan raos dan memberikan kepercayaan kepada konsumen sehingga setiap hari konsumen selalu banyak berdatangan dan memiliki program yang dapat menyatukan karyawan sehingga terjalin kekeluargaan.
Strategi Pengambilan Keputusan Untuk Meminimalkan Tunggakan Tagihan Listrik Pasca Bayar PT. PLN
Authors: Redaputri Appin Purisky , Apriansyah Irman
Published: June 2022

Abstrak

Penggunaan listrik pascabayar saat ini masih cukup banyak dipertahankan oleh para pelanggan PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) khususnya di Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) Unit Layanan Pengadaan (ULP) Karang dimana pelanggan memiliki hak untuk menggunakan listrik terlebih dahulu, dan kemudian wajib membayar atas penggunaan tersebut di bulan berikutnya dengan jatuh tempo yang telah ditentukan. Namun masih banyak pelanggan yang sering menunggak pembayaran tagihan listrik lewat jatuh tempo yang ditentukan lewat dua bulan. Akibat tunggakan yang besar, PLN mengaku kesulitan untuk memenuhi biaya operasionalnya. Maka diperlukan adanya strategi untuk dapat mengurangi tingginya tunggakan listrik pascabayar tertulis. Maksud dari penyelidikan ini ialah untuk mengenali elemen kunci dari faktor penyebab tingginya tunggakan tagihan listrik pascabayar serta menentukan dan memberikan rekomendasi strategi yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi elemen kunci dari faktor penyebab tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara terstruktur dengan alat analisis Intrepretive Structural Modeling (ISM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan elemen kunci dari sepuluh faktor penyebab tingginya tunggakan adalah denda atau biaya keterlambatan yang diikuti oleh elemen kunci pendukung diantaranya faktor belum adanya metode sosialisasi yang efektif mengenai pembayaran, keterbatasan jumlah sdm yang khusus menangani tunggakan, serta faktor masih adanya komunikasi yang kurang baik antara petugas dengan pelanggan.
Pengaruh Jaringan Usaha, Inovasi Produk, dan Persaingan Usaha Terhadap Perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM)
Authors: Herman Bahtiar , Nohong Mursalim
Published: June 2022

Perkembangan suatu unit usaha dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, baik faktor internal perusahaan maupun eksternal perusahaa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh pengaruh jaringan usaha, Inovasi Produk dan persaingan usaha terhadap perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan  Menengah (UMKM) di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksplanatori dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan sampel sebanyak 40 UMKM yang diambil menggunakan teknik disproportionate stratified random sampling dan simple random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear  menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: jaringan usaha, Inovasi Produk dan persaingan usaha berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perkembangan kinerja UMKM di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Voluntary Insurance - A Proposed Product in Bank-led E-Banking Services: Statistical Analysis of Customers Preferences
Authors: Rahman Akim M.
Published: June 2022

In digital-world, banking-services have been modernized. But it faces pitfalls being it riskiness.Many factors are unpredictable in e-banking. More over, since customers do not exactly remember the total amount s/he currently has in account, receiving email confirmation on transactions cause panic to accountholder. These perceived risk-factors have been undermining the prospects of cashless-society in world-economy country-wise such as Bangladesh. Banks can eliminate perceived-risk by adopting Voluntary Insurance - a proposed product in e-banking.Thus, the purpose here is to know how do customers feel about this probable product? Surveyquestionnaire is used for data-collection and for carrying -out convenience sampling reliability analysis. T hen Hypotheses are developed and tested in choice problem on whether bank-led users prefer Voluntary Insurance (VI) as a product in e-banking-services. Statistical analysis of customers’ opinions reveals that “age-group” and “occupation-group” of customers have different preferences on proposed-product where demographic factors impact customers’ preferences.
Do Religion-based Banks Perform Better than Conventional Banks: A Case from Indonesia
Authors: Noversyah Noversyah , Margiati E.S. , Siringoringo Hotniar
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to measure the growth and performance of Islamic Banking (IB) in Indonesia and to compare it with the conventional (commercial and rural) bank. To answer this objective, data sourced from OJK was deployed. IB in this context is the commercial bank (both sharia commercial-SCB bank and sharia unit business) and sharia rural bank (BPRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic method. Generally, SCB showed higher mean growth compared to the conventional commercial bank (CCB). But among them, only TPF and assets better in the SCB than the CCB. The CCB is better than the SCB based on NPL, CAR, and ROA. We found that the growth of the TPF was higher in the non-sharia rural bank (BPR) than the BPRS. Organization number and credit total of BPRS were higher and different significantly from BPR. BPRS has higher NPL and LDR, and lower ROA and ROE than BPR.
Role of Media in Strengthening Pakistan’s Image with Respect to Security
Authors: Shabir Ghulam , Ahmed Komal , Ashraf Atif , Siddiqua Ayesha
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Because national security is indeed a delicate subject in Pakistan, it is expected from the press to play a beneficial role in this respect. This study assessed the role of media in strengthening Pakistan’s image with respect to security.

Design/Methodology/Approach

The study is qualitative in nature, the researchers utilized survey method by employing close ended questionnaire as data collection tool. SPSS has been used for data analysis. Statistical analysis has been done using chi-square test.

Findings: As per the findings of the study, the participants were found to have felt unsafe in Pakistan after hearing a piece of particular news, but they do think Pakistan is a safe country.

Implications/Originality/Value: Media independence is a wonderful thing in a functioning democracy, but when it comes to sensitive topics like "national security", it is assumed that the media must only stick to their job of informing instead of dictating the processes.
The English Reaction Object Construction: A Case of Syntactic constructional Contamination
Authors: Bouso Rivas Tamara
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses a case of constructional contamination (Pijpops and Van de Velde 2016; Pijpops et al. 2018), a phenomenon which describes the relation between two or more constructions such that usage frequencies of one construction influence the patterns of variation in another (Hilpert and Flach 2022). Specifically, I investigate the influence of structures of the type she gave a nod of intelligence or she nodded with satisfaction on the variation in the object slot of the so-called English Reaction Object Construction (ROC; Levin 1993), as in she nodded intelligence and she nodded satisfaction. Using the British Sentimental Novel Corpus (Ruano San Segundo and Bouso 2019) and the method of distinctive collexeme analysis (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004; Hilpert 2006, 2014), it is argued that early and frequent structures superficially similar to the ROC, like those just mentioned, partly explain the lexical diversity found in the object slot of the nineteenth-century ROC (Bouso 2020b). The results thus corroborate findings on the pervasiveness of constructional contamination in English syntax, confirm the claim put forward in Bouso (2021) that the ROC can be treated as an example of a multiple source construction, and provide evidence of the large-scale transitivisation process experienced by the English language since Old English times.
Monstruous Mothers and Dead Girls in Gillian Flynn's Sharp Objects and Gone Girl
Authors: Jaber Maysaa
Published: June 2022

This article explores two predominant images of Gillian Flynn’s female characters: the monstrous mother and the missing/dead girl. These two representations of Flynn’s female characters showcase the link between female criminality and transgression on the one hand, and the female characters’ traumatic history and family dysfunctionality on the other. This article argues that Flynn’s use of these two tropes reveals the conflicting facets of female crime, victimhood, and agency in her thrillers, and by so doing her work subverts the murky domain of the portrayal of criminal women in relation to motherhood, mental illness and trauma.
Shiitake mantarı (Lentinula edodes) ve eşşiz biyokaktif bileşeni: Lentinan
Authors: NAKİLCİOĞLU-TAŞ Emine , SEYHAN Selen
Published: June 2022

Zengin besin içeriği ile bilinen mantarların insan sağlığı üzerine olumlu etkisi oldukça fazladır. Genellikle ilaç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Basidiomycetes sınıfına ait Shiitake mantarı (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler), yenilebilir bir şapkalı mantar türüdür. Lentinan, yüksek moleküler ağırlığa sahip bir tür aktif polisakkarit olan Lentinula edodes'in ana etkili bileşenidir. Klinik ve farmakolojik çalışmalar, lentinanın antikanser, antitümör, bağışıklık fonksiyonunu düzenleyen ve interferon oluşumunu uyaran birçok fonksiyona sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu derleme, lentinan ve sağlığa etkileri hakkında genel bir bakış sunmaktadır.
Medical and nursing students' perceptions of online learning and pandemic preparedness during COVID-19 in Singapore
Authors:   Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Koh Yiwen , Lee Chengjie ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Chua Mui Teng ,   Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Phoon Beatrice Soke Mun ,   Department of Nursing, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Cheung Nicole Mun Teng ,   Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, SingaporeEmergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Chan Gene Wai Han ,   Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Published: June 2022

Introduction: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore, clinical attachments for medical and nursing students were temporarily suspended and replaced with online learning. It is unclear how the lack of clinical exposure and the switch to online learning has affected them. This study aims to explore their perceptions of online learning and their preparedness to COVID-19 as clinical postings resumed. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate and graduate medical and nursing students from three local universities, using an online self-administered survey evaluating the following: (1) demographics; (2) attitudes towards online learning; (3) anxieties; (4) coping strategies; (5) perceived pandemic preparedness; and (6) knowledge about COVID-19. Results: A total of 316 responses were analysed. 81% agreed with the transition to online learning, most citing the need to finish academic requirements and the perceived safety of studying at home. More nursing students than medical students (75.2% vs 67.5% p=0.019) perceived they had received sufficient infection control training. Both groups had good knowledge and coping mechanisms towards COVID-19. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that medical and nursing students were generally receptive to this unprecedented shift to online learning. They appear pandemic ready and can be trained to play an active part in future outbreaks.
MADDİ OLMAYAN DURAN VARLIKLAR İÇERİSİNDE MARKANIN ÖNEMİ ve TMS 38 KAPSAMINDA MUHASEBELEŞTİRME ESASLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: HABERAL Zehra
Published: June 2022

Ticari markalar, patentler ve şerefiye gibi maddi olmayan duran varlıkların nasıl değerleneceği ve muhasebeleştirileceği konusu, meslek örgütleri ve düzenleyici kuruluşlar tarafından uzun yıllardır tartışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Özellikle 1980’li yıllardan itibaren işletmelerin piyasa değerleri ile defter değerleri arasındaki farkın açılmaya başlamasıyla birlikte marka değerlemesi konusunun önemi artmaya başlamıştır. Marka değeri, bir işletmenin piyasadaki performansı ile ilişkilendirilebilen maddi olmayan duran varlıklar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, marka değerlemesi farklı açılardan ele alınmış ve kavram hakkında genel bir yaklaşım ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. TMS 38 Maddi Olmayan Duran Varlıklar standardı kapsamında son düzenlemelere dayanan bu çalışma marka değerlemesi ve yöntemleri ile muhasebeleştirme esaslarını içermektedir.
DİJİTALLEŞMENİN MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARINA ETKİSİ: ANKARA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: EŞ Abdulhamit , ATASOY Ayşe
Published: June 2022

Teknolojik yeniliklerin etkileşimlerinden olan dijitalleşme kavramı diğer tüm meslekleri doğrudan etkilediği gerçeği ile muhasebe mesleğini de yakından etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada muhasebe meslek mensuplarının e- dönüşüm bilgi ve uyum düzeylerinin e-dönüşüm hakkında memnuniyet düzeyi ve dijitalleşmeden kaynaklı kaygı düzeyine etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri Ankara'da faaliyet gösteren 403 muhasebe meslek mensubuna uygulanan anketle elde edilmiştir. Katılımcıların e-dönüşüm bilgi ve uyum düzeyleri, e-dönüşüm hakkında memnuniyet düzeyleri ve dijitalleşmeden kaynaklı kaygı düzeyleri 3 faktör olarak belirli demografik özelliklerine göre t testi ve Anova testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca e-dönüşüm bilgi ve uyum düzeyinin e-dönüşüm hakkında memnuniyet düzeyi ve dijitalleşmeden kaynaklı kaygı düzeyine etkisi regresyon analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; katılımcıların e-dönüşüm bilgi ve uyum düzeylerinin, e-dönüşüm hakkında memnuniyet düzeylerinin ve dijitalleşmeden kaynaklı kaygı düzeylerin demografik özelliklere göre farklılık göstermediği ancak lisansüstü mezunlarının lisans mezunlarına göre kaygı düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan regresyon analizine göre, e-dönüşüm bilgi ve uyum düzeyinin e-dönüşüm hakkında memnuniyet düzeyine pozitif ve dijitalleşmeden kaynaklı kaygı düzeyine negatif yönde anlamlı etkisi bulunmaktadır.
Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri ve Beowulf'ta Kadın Temsili
Authors: PEKŞEN YAKAR Azime
Published: June 2022

Bu makale, Orta Çağ’dan günümüze ulaşan iki önemli ulusal destan olan Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri ve Beowulf’ta bulunan kadın tiplerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Her iki eserde de oğullarının kahramanlıklarından dolayı övülen annelere, bir kayba ağıt yakan veyahut yas tutan kadınlara rastlamak mümkündür. Bu tip kadınlar genelde pasif olarak resmedilmiştir ve hatta bazı durumlarda bu tip kadınların pasiflikleri erdem olarak yansıtılmıştır. Bu tür tasvirlerin yanısıra güçlü ve aktif kadın karakterler de mevcuttur. Bu tip aktif kadınlar at binip ok atabilen savaşçı kadınlardır ve erkek kahramanları güç durumlardan kurtarabilecek yeteneklere sahiptir. İki destan da tek başına toplumsal cinsiyet ve kadın konusunda çalışılmış olmasına rağmen yine bu konularda karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmemiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu makale, eserlerin ortaya çıktığı coğrafyaları, dönemin şartlarını, dinlerin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine etkisini, bahsi geçen toplumların yerleşik ve konargöçer düzenlerini dikkate alarak Dede Korkut Hikâyeleri ve Beowulf’un kadın tiplerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektedir.
Tobacco Drying Mechanism Study of Temperature and Heat Physics
Authors: Amaliah Kholifatus , Prihandono Trapsilo , Sudarti Sudarti
Published: June 2022

We find many applications of physics in everyday life, ranging from simple things to complex things. One example of the application of physics in everyday life is the activity of drying tobacco, when in its management there are concepts of temperature and heat. This study aims to examine the mechanism of drying tobacco based on the concept of heat which can later be integrated into the physics learning. The research method consists of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis stage in this study consisted of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that in the tobacco drying mechanism there is a conduction heat transfer process during the fire curing and convection heat transfer process during the air curing in the drying warehouse and radiation heat transfer in sun drying. Due to the transfer of heat into the tobacco causes evaporation so that the water content in the tobacco is reduced. The factors that cause evaporation are difference in temperature, wind, humidity, cross-sectional area, and air pressure.
Jenis dan Manfaat Ficus spp. di Blok Koleksi Tahura Wan Abdul Rachman Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Rofifah Indah , Indriyanto Indriyanto , Asmarahman Ceng
Published: June 2022

Tumbuhan anggota genus Ficus memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kehidupan masyarakat dan satwa yang ada di dalamnya yaitu sebagai penjaga tata air, menyerap CO2, sumber pakan dan habitat berbagai jenis satwa serta berpotensi sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan manfaat Ficus spp. di Blok Koleksi Sumber Agung DS dalam Tahura Wan Abdul Rachman. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survai vegetasi hutan menggunakan metode jalur, wawancara dengan dengan petani penggarap lahan hutan, dan studi literatur. Data dianalisis dengan mengindentifikasi tumbuhan anggota genus Ficus menggunakan buku panduan serta analisis deskriptif dari hasil wawancara dengan para petani penggarap lahan hutan. Hasil penelitian telah teridentifikasi terdapat enam jenis tumbuhan genus Ficus, yaitu Ficus ampelas, Ficus septica, Ficus benjamina, Ficus variegata, Ficus hispida, dan Ficus annulata yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat, pakan satwa dan ternak, penyedia iklim mikro, serta tanaman hias. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian tempat tumbuh bagi tumbuhan jenis Ficus spp. dan sosialisasi oleh instansi terkait tentang manfaat serta kegunaan tumbuhan anggota genus Ficus agar masyarakat lebih meningkatkan pemeliharaan dan pelestarian jenis tumbuhan Ficus spp.
Nuevos registros directos, hábitats y amenazas del gato de Geoffroy Leopardus geoffroyi (Carnivora: Felidae) en la zonas sur y austral de Chile
Authors: Guzmán Marín Byron Cristian , Hernández-Hernández Julio C. , Olmos de Aguilera-Díaz Natividad
Published: June 2022

Reportamos cinco registros directos del gato de Geoffroy Leopardus geoffroyi, en las zonas sur y austral de Chile. Los registros se presentaron en diferentes hábitats, tanto en sitios con vegetación nativa y con presencia humana, en donde se presentan amenazas para su supervivencia. Adicionalmente, se consultó la literatura disponible publicada y bases de datos para corroborar los registros previos de esta especie en Chile. Los registros aquí reportados contribuyen a fortalecer la información sobre la distribución del gato de Geoffroy en Chile, sin embargo, es indispensable realizar más investigaciones con el fin de conocer su situación poblacional actual, amenazas y soluciones.
Primera cita de Tarentola mauritanica (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) en la provincia de Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Cabrera María Paula , Chafrat Pablo , Stazzonelli Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

Se registra por primera vez a la especie invasora Tarentola mauritanica para la provincia de Neuquén. Esta especie originaria de África, posee una alta capacidad de adaptación a ambientes antrópicos, por lo que su distribución es amplia, encontrándose en varios países de América, incluyendo a Argentina. En nuestro país está citada para Buenos Aires, Salta, Tucumán y este nuevo registro para la provincia de Neuquén.
Signal and Power Integrity Challenges for High Density System-on-Package
Authors: Totorica Nathan , Li Feng
Published: June 2022

As the increasing desire for more compact, portable devices outpaces Moore’s law, innovation in packaging and system design has played a significant role in the continued miniaturization of electronic systems.Integrating more active and passive components into the package itself, as the case for system-on-package (SoP), has shown very promising results in overall size reduction and increased performance of electronic systems.With this ability to shrink electrical systems comes the many challenges of sustaining, let alone improving, reliability and performance. The fundamental signal, power, and thermal integrity issues are discussed in detail, along with published techniques from around the industry to mitigate these issues in SoP applications.
Effect of fruit thinning on fruit yield and quality of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. in a semi-arid area
Authors: Mohamed Arba  , Siham Farhat
Published: June 2022

The aim of this work was to study the effect of fruit thinning on fruit yield and quality of cactus pear. To meet this objective, trials on fruit thinning were conducted on an adult plantation of cactus pear in a semi-arid region in southern Morocco. The fruit thinning consisted of reducing the fruit load of overcharged cladodes by reducing the number of fruits to 6 or 12 per cladode. It was practiced in early May on three types of one-year old cladodes (small cladodes, the medium ones and large cladodes), by removing some floral buds or young fruits at the flowering stage. The control cladodes had an average number of 18 fruits per cladode. Obtained results showed that the reduction in the load of cladodes improved fruit size and quality. In thinned plants to 6 fruits per cladode and for the three types of cladodes, average fruit weight was 160.44 g and average fruit length and diameter was 8.64 and 6.38 cm respectively. While in not thinned plants and for the three types of cladodes, average fruit weight was only 74.53 g and average fruit length and diameter was 6.40 and 4.46 cm respectively. Fruit thinning increased the content of sugar in the fruits and decreased the number of seeds in the fruits and the fruit peel thickness, but did not affect the juice content in the fruits and the pH and titratable acidity of the juice. Fruit thinning also improved the economic income of the yield and the gain in the yield of thinned plants to 6 fruits per cladode was 33912 DH per hectare compared to not thinned plants.
Penguatan Komoditi Unggulan KWT Tambaharjo Melalui Olahan Berbasis Limbah Duri Ikan
Authors: Suryanti Suryanti , A’in Churun , Taufani Wiwiet Teguh
Published: June 2022

Peluang dan pengembangan komoditas ikan Lele dan Nila telah diberdayakan mitra sejak tahun 2014 melalui usaha pengolahan berupa nuget ikan. Usaha tersebut mengalami beberapa kendala diantaranya belum mendatangkan profit yang diharapkan karena lemahnya daya saing produk serta permasalahan hasil sampingan berupa tulang dan duri ikan yang berpotensi memberikan beban dan dampak negatif lingkungan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi bagi permasalahan tersebut, diantaranya meningkatkan performa produk dan memanfaatkan limbah olahan duri ikan agar lebih berdaya guna serta meminimalisir dampak negatif lingkungan. Kandungan kalsium yang tinggi pada duri ikan diharapkan mampu menjadi daya tarik dan meningkatkan daya saing jual produk mitra. Program pengabdian dilaksanakan secara bertahap selama 2 (dua) tahun. Tahun I terkonsentrasi pada pengembangan stik dan nuget tulang ikan, sedangkan Tahun II produk yang dikembangkan antara lain pangsit, abon dan bakso ikan. Kegiatan  yang  dilakukan  antara lain sosialisasi, pelatihan dan transfer pengetahuan pengolahan limbah duri ikan, pengujian secara laboratoris, bantuan alat produksi dan kemasan, serta pendampingan promosi. Output dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah terciptanya produk-produk berbasis ikan dan duri ikan dalam rangka diversifikasi produk perikanan dengan konsep zero waste yang ramah lingkungan, peningkatan kapasitas produksi.dan peningkatan daya saing produk mitra.
Pendampingan Konservasi Arsitektur Tradisional Melalui Pengembangan Desa Wisata
Authors: Adiyanto Johannes , Oktarini Maya Fitri , Hapsari Harini Mutiara , Hanum Meivirina , Farizi Nando Al , Mahdalena Nyayu Arista
Published: June 2022

Rumah Baghi ditemui pada desa-desa perbukitan di Sumatera Selatan. Arsitekturnya merupakan satu kepaduan dengan kehidupan keseharian masyarakat tradisional. Kurangnya pengenalan akan arsitektur ini menyebabkan banyak rumah ditelantarkan. Kegiatan pendampingan bertujuan memperkenalkan, mempresentasikan, dan mensosialisasikan potensi arsitektur lokal kepada masyarakat di Desa Perapau, salah satu desa perbukitan.  Pembangunan kesadaran akan arsitektur tradisional melalui skenario pengembangan wisata warisan. Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa pelestarian bangunan tradisional memerlukan dua pendekatan, yaitu aturan dan keuntungan. Aturan dapat berupa adat istiadat yang mengikat masyarakat dalam melakukan perubahan atas rumah adat dan keuntungan berupa sumber penghasilan tambahan bagi pemilik.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pelatihan Kerajinan Anyaman Tali Plastik Packing Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga
Authors: Nuraini Lailatul , Mulyono Resha Dwi Ayu Pangesti
Published: June 2022

Limbah yang berasal dari plastik merupakan masalah serius bagi lingkungan, sifat plastik yang terurai dalam waktu yang sangat lama menjadi penyebab terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan. Salah satu upaya mengurangi keberadaan tali plastik adalah dengan memperpanjang umur plastik seperti mendaur ulang tali plastik menjadi berbagai jenis barang kerajinan, seperti tas. Permasalahan muncul saat mitra tidak dapat memenuhi permintaan inovasi produk yang dihasilkan serta belum optimalnya proses produksi dan manajemen. Permasalahan inovasi produk karena keterbatasan ide dan informasi yang diperoleh tentang berbagai bentuk inovasi produk yang sekiranya dapat dikembangakan. Permasalahan manajeman yang dialami mitra yaitu belum adanya pembukuan yang mencatat aktivitas keuangan usaha, serta pemasaran yang masih konvensional dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat sekitar untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini diantaranya  meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produk kerajinan dari limbah tali plastik packing dan meningkatkan kemampuan sumber daya manusia (SDM) pelaku usaha dan ibu-ibu di lingkungan sekitar, serta berkurangnya tingkat pengangguran di lingkungan sekitar usaha. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan antara lain berdiskusi dengan mitra untuk mendapatkan solusi permasalahan dengan memberikan masukan-masukan dari pengalaman selama melakukan usaha pembuatan tas tali plastik, mengadakan pelatihan dalam mendesain inovasi produk dari limbah tali plastikdan menyiapkan perangkat yang dibutuhkan dalam pelatihan manajemen usaha dan pembukuan pencatatan keuangan. Hasil pengadian berupa inovasi produk hasil anyaman limbah tali plastik serta tentang peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas proses produksi melalui pengembangan inovasi produk yang dihasilkan. Dengan demikian, perlu upaya berkelanjutan guna meningkatkan pendampingan bagi usaha masyarakat agar semakin berdaya.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Minuman dan Makanan Camilan Fungsional dari Bawang Hitam
Authors: Pulungan Maimunah Hindun , Santoso E.F. Sri Maryani , Sukardi Sukardi , Purwaningsih Isti
Published: June 2022

Produksi bawang hitam di salah satu warga desa Sumbersekar, Dau, Kabupaten Malang cukup melimpah. Produk ini belum memberi dampak postif bagi warga sekitar, karena warga sekitar belum dapat mengembangkan produk tersebut sebagai komoditi yang dapat menarik minat wisatawan. Perlu dilakukan pelatihan pengolahan lanjut produk bawang hitam ini menjadi produk lanjutan. Teknologi yang dilatihkan adalah pembuatan minuman sari bawang hitam (dengan penambahan kayu manis dan perisa moka), dan pembuatan permen coklat isi bawang hitam. Metode yang digunakan pada pelatihan ini adalah dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan diskusi, serta demonstrasi, praktek dan konsultasi. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan para peserta latih memahami teknologi yang diperkenalkan dan dilatihkan.
Rancang Bangun Website Desa Citengah untuk Pengembangan Promosi Potensi Desa
Authors: Marliana Reny Rian , Sejati Wagus , Nisa Wilda Ainun , Pujayanti Uun , Sopian Rizki , Noergana Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Desa Citengah Kabupaten Sumedang memiliki potensi desa yang belum dikenal luas oleh masyarakat. Potensi desa yang dimiliki diantaranya potensi wisata alam, produk unggulan atau produk UMKM. Untuk itu, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun website desa Citengah menggunakan metode prototype.Website tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai media layanan informasi pemerintahan desa maupun media promosi untuk potensi desa yang dimiliki. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap yaitu tahapan initiating, tahapan planning, tahapan executing, tahapan monitoring dan controlling serta tahapan closing. Kegiatan ini ditutup dengan seminar sosialisasi website desa kepada masyarakat setempat. Hasil kegiatan ini berupa website desa Citengah yang dapat diakses pada domain http://citengah.sumedangdesa.id.
Allometric growth of non-carcass components and hind limb tissue composition in Saanen goat kids reared under natural and artificial systems
Authors: KEÇİCİ Pembe Dilara , YALÇINTAN Hülya , EKİZ Bülent
Published: June 2022

The aim was to investigate the growth of certain non-carcass components and hind limb tissues using allometric coefficients in Saanen goat kids reared under natural and artificial systems and slaughtered at 80 days or 120 days of age. 42 Saanen kids were used in the study [(24 artificial reared kids (SA-80: 12 kids, SA-120: 12 kids), 18 natural reared kids (SA-80: 9 kids, SA-120: 9 kids)] for determination of indicated parameters. The effect of rearing system was not significant in weights of non-carcass components and hind limb tissue compositions, which indicates that, even though they were fed with milk replacers, artificial reared kids can have similar growth performance when they slaughtered at similar age with natural raised kids. However, slaughter age had significant effect on many non-carcass components, since the weight of the organs increases in parallel with animal’s live weight. It is seen that allometric growth of non-carcass parameters, except skin and testis in both rearing groups and stomach and intestines in natural rearing, was slower (b
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BIST TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISES WITH CRITIC WEIGHTED COCOSO METHOD BASED ON CASH FLOW RATIOS
Authors: SOY TEMÜR Ayşe , TULUM Saadet
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to evaluate the financial performance of the companies registered in the BIST Technology index (XUTEK) for the years 2019 and 2020, based on the cash flow rates. In the study, financial performance evaluation of 19 enterprises, whose financial statements for the analysis period registered in XUTEK can be accessed, were carried out. In the performance evaluation, 16 financial ratios based on cash flow ratios calculated from the financial statements published on the Public Disclosure Platform (KAP) were used. The Critic method was used to calculate the criterion weights, and the CoCoSo method, which was developed in recent years from multi-criteria decision making techniques (MCDM), was used in the realization of financial performance rankings. In addition, in order to compare the accuracy of the findings of the CoCoSo method, the ranking results of the two methods were compared by performing the financial performance ranking with the TOPSIS method, which is frequently used in the literature and whose results have been proven to be accurate and reliable. Spearman's Rank Relationship Test was used to measure the consistency between the analysis results. According to the results of the analysis, the financial performance rankings of technology enterprises for the period 2018-2021 have varied over the years. According to the Z value obtained in Spearman's Rank Relationship Test results, it was seen that there was consistency between the methods
PEMATAHAN DORMANSI BENIH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). MENGGUNAKAN METODE SKARIFIKASI DAN GIBERELIN
Authors: Panggabean Nurul Huda
Published: June 2022

Kelapa sawit di Indonesia dewasa ini merupakan  komoditas primadona. Perkecambahan benih kelapa sawit memerlukan waktu yang lama untuk berkecambah  yaitu 3 - 4 bulan karena adanya mekanisme dormansi pada benih. Lamanya waktu perkecambahan merupakan suatu  kendala bagi konsumen dan produsen benih. Umumnya perlakuan pematahan dormansi diberikan secara fisik, seperti skarifikasi mekanik dan kimiawi. Giberelin merupakan salah satu  zat pengatur tumbuh yang sering digunakan dalam memnbantu pematahan biji. Giberelin mengaktifkan enzim hidrolitik yang berperan dalam pemecahan cadangan makanan di dalam benih. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pematahan dormansi benih kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dengan metode skarifikasi dan  konsentrasi giberelin yang sesuai dan mengetahuai adanya interaksi nyata dalam penggunaan  metode skarifikasi dan giberelin dalam membantu  mematahkan dormansi benih kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni hingga september 2020 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Universitas Sumatera Utara, Bahan yang digunakan yaitu biji kelapa sawit varietas Tenera yang diambil dari perkebunan  rakyat daerah Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 2 faktor yaitu letak buah pada tandan yaitu Apikal (A), Median (M) dan Basal (B)  dan Konsentrasi Giberelin yaitu G0 (0 ppm), G1 (200 ppm), G2 (300 ppm) dan G3 (400 ppm). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa posisi benih pada tandan dan konsentrasi giberelin yang diberikan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap daya berkecambah (DB) dimana pada perlakuan G3 menunjukan persentase benih berkecambah 36,67%  dan kontrol 6,67%. Rata – rata persentase embrio normal yang masih belum berkecambah terdapat pada kontrol (G0) hal ini dikarenakan hormon giberelin berpengaruh terhadap proses perkecambahan benih. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan persentase terkecil pada intensitas dormansi terdapat pada G3 yaitu 81,11% dan pada bagian apikal 77,5%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan skarifikasi dan giberelin yang sebelumnya juga diberikan perendaman dalam air panas efektif untuk pematahan dormansi benih kelapa sawit. Rata – rata PTM terdapat pada konsentrasi giberelin 400 ppm sebesar 26,67% dan terdapat pada bagian apikal, namun konsentrasi giberelin tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap potensi tumbuh maksimum. Metode pematahan dormansi benih dengan skrafiksai dan perendaman dalam giberelin memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap daya berkecambah, embrio normal dan intensitas dormansi namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap potensi tumbuh maksimum. Pertumbuhan terbaik benih berasal bagian apikal dari tandan kelapa sawit.

Kata Kunci : Pematahan Dormansi, Skarifikasi, Giberelin, Kelapa Sawit
ANALISIS VEGETASI TUMBUHAN LIANA DI GUNUNG SIBUATAN DESA NAGALINGGA KECAMATAN MEREK KABUPATEN KARO SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Harahap Edty Widya Ningsih , Manalu Kartika , Hutasuhut Melfa Aisyah
Published: June 2022

Lianas are a unique group of climbing plant species that are characteristic of tropical rainforests. This species has important ecological and economic value. This study aims to find out information about the composition and structure and diversity index of lianas. The research method used is a quadratic method with 10 plots laid out by purposive sampling. The results showed that the composition of lianas consisted of 22 families, 31 species and 414 individuals. The highest Importance Value Index in Amydrium humile Schott (INP 23, 145%), where as liana species with the lowest of Value index was Stephania sp. (INP 2, 343%). The diversity index of lianas is in the medium category, with the H’ 2.965.
Kontrol Diri dan Konformitas Teman Sebaya Terhadap Perilaku Merokok Remaja Putri
Authors: Jade Aridha Putri , Rifayanti Rina
Published: June 2022

Smoking behavior is the activity of inhaling smoke produced by cigarettes and then exhaling the smoke out. This study aims to determine the effect of self-control and peer conformity on the smoking behavior of adolescent girls in Samarinda City. This study uses a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were 102 young women in Samarinda City using the purposive sampling technique. The data collection method used was the self-control scale with Cronbach's alpha value = 0.885, the peer conformity scale with Cronbach's alpha value = 0.792, and the smoking behavior scale Cronbach's alpha = 0.870. The results showed (1) there was an effect of self-control and peer conformity on smoking behavior of adolescent girls (2) there was an influence between self-control on smoking behavior (3) there was an influence between peer conformity on smoking behavior.Perilaku merokok merupakan aktifitas menghisap rokok kemudian menghembuskan kembali asap keluar. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kontrol diri dan konformitas teman sebaya terhadap perilaku merokok remaja putri di Kota Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 102 remaja putri di Kota Samarinda menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala kontrol diri dengan nilai alpha cronbach’s = 0.885, skala konformitas teman sebaya bernilai alpha cronbach’s = 0.792, dan skala perilaku merokok bernilai alpha cronbach’s = 0.870. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) terdapat pengaruh kontrol diri dan konformitas teman sebaya terhadap perilaku merokok remaja putri (2) terdapat pengaruh antara kontrol diri terhadap perilaku merokok (3) terdapat pengaruh antara konformitas teman sebaya terhadap perilaku merokok.
Kontrol Diri Dengan Gaya Hidup Hedonis Pada Wanita Dewasa Awal di Samarinda
Authors: Sari Desita , Rifayanti Rina , Putri Elda Trialisa
Published: June 2022

Every human being tends to choose a different lifestyle and one of the most adoptable lifestyles in this modern time is the hedonistic lifestyle. This research was aimed to determine the correlation between self-control with hedonistic lifestyle in the early adult women in Samarinda. Quantitative approach is being used in this research. This research used 100 early adult women who have hedonic characteristics as subjects and were selected by purposive sampling technique. This research used a self-control scale and hedonic lifestyle scale to collect data. The collected data was analyzed using Pearson product moment test. The result of this research which used the Pearson product moment correlation analysis showed the value of r count = -0.479 > r table = 0.197,.and p = 0.000. And -0.479 is the value of r count > r table, which this number indicates moderate correlation between self-control with hedonistic lifestyle. The correlation between self-control with hedonistic lifestyle is a negative correlation.Setiap manusia cenderung memilih gaya hidup yang berbeda-beda dan salah satu yang banyak dianut oleh individu di masa modern ini adalah gaya hidup hedonis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah ada hubungan antara kontrol diri dengan gaya hidup hedonis pada wanita dewasa awal di Samarinda. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan secara kuantitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah 100 wanita dewasa awal yang memiliki karakteristik hedonis yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala kontrol diri dan skala gaya hidup hedonis. Data yang telah didapat lalu diuji melalui analisis Pearson product moment. Hasil penelitian yang menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson product moment menunjukkan nilai r hitung = -0.479 > r tabel = 0.197 dan nilai P = 0.000. Nilai -0.479 merupakan nilai r hitung, > r tabel dan angka ini menunjukkan korelasi yang sedang antara kontrol diri dengan gaya hidup hedonis. Hubungan antara kontrol diri dengan gaya hidup hedonis adalah hubungan negatif.