bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Safety and Effectiveness of the Prostar XL Closure Device Compared to Open Groin Cutdown for Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Hahl Tilda , Karvonen Rosa , Uurto Ilkka , Protto Sara , Suominen Velipekka
Published: June 2023

Objective

The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of percutaneous femoral closure with the Prostar XL for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) to those of open femoral cutdown, and to evaluate factors which may predict the failure of percutaneous closure.

Methods

Patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair for an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm between 2005 and 2013 were included. Patient characteristics, anatomic femoral artery measurements, and postoperative complications were recorded retrospectively. Operator experience was defined with a cut-off point of >30 Prostar XL closures performed. Comparisons were made per access site.

Results

A total of 443 access sites were included, with percutaneous closure used in 257 cases (58.0%) and open cutdown in 186 cases (42.0%). The complication rate was 2.7% for the percutaneous and 4.3% for the open cutdown group ( P = .482). No significant differences between groups were found with respect to 30-day mortality, wound infections, thrombosis, seromas, or bleeding complications. Fourteen failures (5.4%) of percutaneous closure occurred. The success rates were similar for experienced and unexperienced operators (94.2% vs 95.5%, P = .768). Renal insufficiency was more common in the failed than in the successful percutaneous closure group (64.3% vs 24.7%, P = .003). Common femoral artery calcification or diameter, BMI, sheath size, or operator experience did not predict failure. No further complications were seen in follow-up CT at 1-3 years postoperatively.

Conclusion

The use of the Prostar XL is safe compared to open cutdown. The success rate is 94.6%. Operator experience, sheath size, obesity, or femoral artery diameter or calcification do not appear to predict a failure of percutaneous closure. Complications seem to occur perioperatively, and late complications are rare.
Expectations of Leaders’ Mental Health
Authors: Cloutier Anika E. , Barling Julian
Published: June 2023

Understanding the causes and consequences of varying mental health experiences in the workplace has gained significant research attention, yet little is known about the assumptions people hold about mental health at work, especially with regard to the expectations people may have of their leaders’ mental health. Given people tend to romanticize organizational leaders and have expectations regarding prototypical leader attributes, we consider whether people also hold expectations of leaders’ mental health. Drawing on implicit leadership theories, we propose that people will expect leaders experience better mental health compared to those occupying other organizational roles (e.g., subordinates). Using mixed methods, Study 1 ( n = 85) showed that people expect that those in leadership roles enjoy higher well-being and experience less mental illness than those in non-leadership roles. Using vignettes in which an employee’s health was manipulated, Study 2 ( n = 200) demonstrated that mental illness is incongruent with leadership prototypes. Using vignettes in which organizational role was manipulated, Study 3 ( n = 104) showed that compared to subordinates, leaders are perceived as having more job resources and demands, but people expect that it is leaders’ greater access to organizational resources that facilitates their well-being and inhibits mental illness. These findings extend the occupational mental health and leadership literatures by identifying a novel attribute upon which leaders are evaluated. We conclude by considering the consequences of leader mental health expectations for organizational decision-makers, leaders, and employees aspiring to lead.
Embedding Big Qual and Team Science Into Qualitative Research: Lessons From a Large-Scale, Cross-Site Research Study
Authors: McAlearney Ann Scheck , Walker Daniel M. , Shiu-Yee Karen , Crable Erika L. , Auritt Vanessa , Barkowski Laura , Batty Evan J. , Dasgupta Anindita , Goddard-Eckrich Dawn , Knudsen Hannah K. , McCrimmon Tara , Scalise Ariel , Sieck Cynthia , Wood Jennifer , Drainoni Mari-Lynn
Published: June 2023

Background: A major part of the HEALing Communities Study (HCS), launched in 2019 to address the growing opioid epidemic, is evaluating the study’s intervention implementation process through an implementation science (IS) approach. One component of the IS approach involves teams with more than 20 researchers collaborating across four research sites to conduct in-depth qualitative interviews with over 300 participants at four time points. After completion of the first two rounds of data collection, we reflect upon our qualitative data collection and analysis approach. We aim to share our lessons learned about designing and applying qualitative methods within an implementation science framework. Methods: The HCS evaluation is based on the RE-AIM/PRISM framework and incorporates interviews at four timepoints. At each timepoint, the core qualitative team of the Intervention Work Group drafts an interview guide based on the framework and insights from previous round(s) of data collection. Researchers then conduct interviews with key informants and coalition members within their respective states. Data analysis involves drafting, iteratively refining, and finalizing a codebook in a cross-site and within-site consensus processes. Interview transcripts are then individually coded by researchers within their respective states. Results: Successes in the evaluation process include having structured procedures for communication, data collection, and analysis, all of which are critical for ensuring consistent data collection and for achieving consensus during data analysis. Challenges include recognizing and accommodating the diversity of training and knowledge among researchers, as well as establishing reliable ways to securely store, manage, and share the large volumes of data. Conclusion: Qualitative methods using a Team Science approach have been limited in their application in large, multi-site randomized controlled trials of health interventions. Our experience provides practical guidance for future studies with large teams that are experientially and disciplinarily diverse and that are seeking to incorporate qualitative or mixed-methods components for their evaluations.
A Systematic Methods Review of Photovoice Research with Indigenous Young People
Authors: Anderson Kate , Elder-Robinson Elaina , Howard Kirsten , Garvey Gail
Published: June 2023

Photovoice is an emerging qualitative research method used to engage community members in research that highlights their lived experiences and initiate change. Photovoice offers potential benefits to research conducted by and with Indigenous communities through privileging Indigenous knowledge and perspectives. There is a lack of synthesized evidence about the usage, benefits, and challenges of conducting Photovoice research by and with Indigenous communities, which this systematic methods review aims to address. We specifically focus on Indigenous young people in Canada, Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, and the United States. Five databases were searched systematically for articles including keywords for ‘Indigenous’ and ‘Photovoice’. Empirical studies and methods papers reporting the use of Photovoice with majority cohorts of young Indigenous participants were included. Relevant data were extracted and Photovoice methods analysed using an integrative approach. Database searches yielded 1402 articles, with 109 reviewed in full and 41 included in the review. These articles represented 37 unique studies, with most from Canada ( n = 17), and the United States ( n = 14). Our analysis revealed great variability in how Photovoice has been applied across studies with Indigenous young people. However, some notable commonalities include recruitment of participants via community networks, and participant involvement in data collection and analysis. The potential benefits associated with using Photovoice with Indigenous young people included: fostering participant autonomy and authority; photography being familiar and fun; the visual medium being culturally appropriate for Indigenous peoples; and the method being effective for engaging the whole community. Challenges associated with Photovoice included: engagement difficulties between researchers and participants; issues with photography; and ethical complexities. These findings suggest that Photovoice is an appropriate and largely effective method to engage young Indigenous people in research. However, there are logistical and ethical issues associated with the method that require careful consideration.
Prospective exosome-focused translational research for afatinib (EXTRA) study of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation: an observational clinical study
Authors: Takata Saori , Morikawa Kei , Tanaka Hisashi , Itani Hidetoshi , Ishihara Masashi , Horiuchi Kazuya , Kato Yasuhiro , Ikemura Shinnosuke , Nakagawa Hideyuki , Nakahara Yoshiro , Seki Yoshitaka , Bessho Akihiro , Takahashi Nobumasa , Hayashi Kentaro , Endo Takeo , Takeyama Kiyoshi , Maekura Toshiya , Takigawa Nagio , Kawase Akikazu , Endoh Makoto , Nemoto Kenji , Kishi Kazuma , Soejima Kenzo , Okuma Yusuke , Yoshimura Kenichi , Saigusa Daisuke , Kanai Yae , Ueda Koji , Togashi Akira , Matsutani Noriyuki , Seki Nobuhiko
Published: June 2023

Background:

The exosome-focused translational research for afatinib (EXTRA) study is the first trial to identify novel predictive biomarkers for longer treatment efficacy of afatinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) mutation-positive nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via a comprehensive association study using genomic, proteomic, epigenomic, and metabolomic analyses.

Objectives:

We report details of the clinical portion prior to omics analyses.

Design:

A prospective, single-arm, observational study was conducted using afatinib 40 mg/day as an initial dose in untreated patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. Dose reduction to 20 mg every other day was allowed.

Methods:

Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.

Results:

A total of 103 patients (median age 70 years, range 42–88 years) were enrolled from 21 institutions in Japan between February 2017 and March 2018. After a median follow-up of 35.0 months, 21% remained on afatinib treatment, whereas 9% had discontinued treatment because of AEs. The median PFS was 18.4 months, with a 3-year PFS rate of 23.3%. The median afatinib treatment duration in patients with final doses of 40 ( n = 27), 30 ( n = 23), and 20 mg/day ( n = 35), and 20 mg every other day ( n = 18) were 13.4, 15.4, 18.8, and 18.3 months, respectively. The median OS was not reached, with a 3-year OS rate of 58.5%. The median OS in patients who did ( n = 25) and did not ( n = 78) receive osimertinib during the entire course of treatment were 42.4 months and not reached, respectively ( p = 0.654).

Conclusions:

As the largest prospective study in Japan, this study confirmed favorable OS following first-line afatinib in patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC in a real-world setting. Further analysis of the EXTRA study is expected to identify novel predictive biomarkers for afatinib.

Trial registration:

UMIN-CTR identifier (UMIN000024935, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_his_list.cgi?recptno=R000028688
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Exacerbation After Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Inhibitor Administration
Authors: Zhao Megan , Kaiser Eric , Cucchiara Brett , Zuflacht Jonah
Published: June 2023

Background: Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a non-inflammatory vasculopathy. While most patients have good clinical outcomes, RCVS can be associated with severe brain injury from ischemic stroke, subarachnoid, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Purpose: A number of vasoactive medications have been implicated in RCVS, including triptans, amphetamines, antidepressants, and decongestants. Given the role of CGRP in modulating cerebral vasodilation, the possibility of CGRP inhibitors contributing to RCVS has been raised. Research Design: Case report at the University of Pennsylvania. Study Sample: Patient at the University of Pennsylvania. Results: We report a patient with RCVS in which severe exacerbation resulting in multifocal ischemic stroke occurred following administration of the calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) inhibitor fremanezumab. Conclusions: It is unclear whether fremanezumab played a role in this patient's case, but CGRP-inhibitor use should be considered as a potential precipiating factor.
Revision Surgery With Refixation After Mandibular Fractures
Authors: Steffen Claudius , Welter Margrit , Fischer Heilwig , Goedecke Maximilian , Doll Christian , Koerdt Steffen , Kreutzer Kilian , Heiland Max , Rendenbach Carsten , Voss Jan O.
Published: June 2023

Study Design

Retrospective, descriptive observational study.

Objective

The need for revision surgery after mandibular fractures is an indicator for severe postoperative complications. This study aimed to characterise this patient cohort, describe solutions to deal with complications and evaluate treatment quality as a risk variable for complications.

Methods

Patients with revision surgery with refixation after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a mandible fracture were included. Patient- and therapy-specific information were assessed together with postoperative complications. The quality of fixation was evaluated individually by 6 specialists. Interobserver agreement was analysed using Fleiss’ kappa.

Results

Out of 630 patients, inclusion criteria were met by 17 patients (14 male, 3 female) with an average age of 43.3 (±15.5) years. Complications at the mandible body/angle/symphysis led to refixation in all cases. Main indications for refixation were osteomyelitis (52.9%) or pseudarthrosis (41.2%). Risk factors were drug-related immune suppression, local infection or substance abuse (nicotine, alcohol or drugs). Six patients did not present any of these predictors. Of these, treatment of 4 patients was rated as not in accordance to the AO principles. The interrater reliability of treatment quality assessments was .239.

Conclusions

Patients with risk factors need to be carefully observed perioperatively after ORIF of mandibular fractures and treatments need to be adapted to these patients. Discrepancies of treatments to common guidelines may also be an independent predictor for treatment failure in patients without risk factors. Current treatment guidelines should be re-evaluated concerning additional treatment strategies for patients with specific risk factors.
Perceptions about Aging and Ageism from 14 Cross-sectional Cohorts of Undergraduate Dental Students
Authors: Brondani M. , Donnelly L. , Christidis N. , Grazziotin-Soares R. , Ardenghi D. , Siqueira A.B.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Although positive and negative views of aging and older adults exist, how undergraduate dental students imagine their lives to be as they grow older remains to be fully explored. This study aimed at determining the self-perceived views of being 65, 75, or 85 y of age, as expressed by undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada.

Methods:

A 14-y cross-sectional study design was utilized involving third-year undergraduate dental students at UBC’s Faculty of Dentistry. Brief individual essays (150 words) encompassing students’ self-perceived views were gathered as part of a dental geriatric course from 2009 to 2022; however, essays were not mandatory. Saldaña’s inductive coding and thematic analysis of textual data were used. Themes and categories of information were identified and matched with their excerpts while aiming for data saturation.

Results:

Over the 14-y period, 657 students were enrolled in UBC’s undergraduate dental geriatric course, and 561 essays were collected. Inductive coding and thematic analysis identified 5 main themes and 11 categories. While themes included “oral health, general health, and the mind” and “me, myself, and familial relationships,” the categories focused on “(un)able bodies” and “general health.” Positive views about the aging process were shared, while less optimistic ideas—and even ageism—were apparent when students saw themselves as not employable or living in isolation. Positive and negative views were not bound by the students’ academic year but might have been influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:

Although the number of older adults already surpasses the number of children in many countries, ageism appears to have permeated through students’ views of 3 older ages. More positive yet realistic views of growing older were also shared. Follow-up studies are needed to explore the impact of dental education on decreasing ageism.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

As the proportion of older adults in the global population steadily grows, it is important to educate heath care providers about normal and pathologic aging to avoid ageism—stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination against older adults. This cross-sectional study involved 14 cohorts of undergraduate dental students exploring their self-perceived views of growing older. Although positive and negative views of aging were shared, dental education must focus on decreasing ageism.
Key Decision Making and Technical Aspects of Performing Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication
Authors: Meknat Aryan , Kulkarni Abhijit , Abdelfattah Thaer , Fernando Hiran Chrish
Published: June 2023

There are a wide variety of surgical therapeutic options for GERD—ranging from laparoscopic fundoplication, magnetic sphincter augmentation, to advanced endoscopic interventions (eg, transoral incisionless fundoplication, TIF). TIF has emerged as the predominant endoscopic approach for GERD, supported by several randomized trials highlighting the efficacy of this procedure. Its safety profile has similarly been well established. The key to properly utilizing this procedure is patient selection. We here in describe the efficacy, highlight key decision making and technical aspects of performing a TIF, to discuss post-operative care and complications.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Sonography for Detecting Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Pregnant Women, With Placenta Previa
Authors: Golshan Rosa , Faraji Ali , Ahmadi Mohtasham Masoumeh , Eghbali Elham , Ghatrehsamani Fatemeh , Khalafi Mohammad , Karbasi Mahsa
Published: June 2023

Objective:

A placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) refers to a condition in which there is an abnormal penetration of the placenta, within the walls of the uterus. This study was designed to assess the overall diagnostic accuracy of sonography in detecting myometrium invasion of the placenta, in pregnant women with placenta previa (PP).

Materials and Methods:

In this study, 70 participants were placed into groups with either an anterior placenta (APL) or a posterior placenta (PPL). An experienced radiologist examined the participants. At least two well-known diagnostic sonographic signs were considered, as the diagnostic criteria of PAS.

Results:

Sonography diagnosed 30 cases of PAS out of 43 confirmed cases, with a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 77%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 83% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 61%, accuracy of 72.8%, precision of 69.1%, diagnostic odd ratio (DOR) of 21.06, and an F measure of 0.71. Detection rates were higher in cases of the APL (sensitivity: 78%, specificity: 91%, PPV: 94%, NPV: 68%, accuracy: 82.8%, precision: 78.2%, DOR: 39.12, and an F measure: 0.78). The review of sonograms allowed for the detection of seven cases (10%) of PAS appropriately.

Conclusion:

The sonographic results seem to be more accurate among individuals with APL than PPL. A replication of this study, with multicenter participation is recommended, especially in cases of PPL.
Characterization of calcined red soil applied in the removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater to produce a hybrid pigment
Authors: Silva Daiane L. , Balaba Nayara , Horsth Dienifer F.L. , Jaerger Silvia , Anaissi Fauze J.
Published: June 2023

We obtained natural red soil (RS), rich in iron, from the region of Palotina in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The RS sample was purified by suspension in water and sieved to remove plant particulates. It was then treated thermally at 800°C to remove organic volatiles; this sample was called RS800. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, infrared and electronic spectroscopy, ζ-potential analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Colorimetric studies were performed according to the CIEL*a*b* system. Tests have shown that RS800 has the ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater. Thus, it was used as an adsorbent at various temperatures (25, 35, 45°C). According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 23.256 mg g–1 (25°C). Unexpectedly, increasing temperature reduced qmax to 21.659 mg g–1 at 35°C and to 21.186 mg g–1 at 45°C. Therefore, RS800 must be used at room temperature (25°C), making its application in large-scale wastewater treatment feasible. After using RS800 as an adsorbent, the solids were filtered, dried, pulverized, and used as hybrid pigments in commercial white paints. Pigmented paints were used to paint a plaster specimen and colorimetric measurement was performed. These paints were tested for colour stability in acidic and alkaline environments. The results indicate that RS800 is efficient in the treatment of water contaminated with cationic dyes and can be reused as a hybrid pigment.
Sex-specific metabolic profiling to explain the increased CVD risk in women with migraine: a narrative review
Authors: van Welie F. C. , Kreft L. A. , Huisman J. M. A. , Terwindt G. M.
Published: June 2023

Background

Migraine is a disabling neurological disorder whose diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. A shortcoming of these criteria is that they do not fully capture the underlying neurobiological factors and sex-specific complications in migraine such as cardio- and cerebrovascular disease. Biomarker research can help to improve disease characterization and identify pathophysiological mechanism underlying these comorbidities.

Objective

In this narrative review we searched for sex-specific metabolomics research to identify markers that may explain the migraine-cardiovascular disease (CVD) relationship.

Discussion

Large-scale plasma metabolome analyses revealed alterations in migraine. Sex-specific findings showed a less CVD-protective HDL metabolism as well as the ApoA1 lipoprotein, especially for women with migraine. To explore other possible pathophysiological pathways, we expanded our review to include inflammatory markers, endothelial and vascular markers and sex hormones. Biological sex differences may affect the pathophysiology of migraine and its complications.

Conclusions

There is no general large dyslipidemia profile in migraine patients, in line with findings that the increased risk of CVD in migraine patients seems not to be due to (large artery) atherosclerosis. Sex-specific associations are indicative towards a less CVD-protective lipoprotein profile in women with migraine. Future studies into the pathophysiology of CVD and migraine need to take sex specific factors into account. By establishing the overlapping pathophysiological mechanism of migraine and CVD, and unraveling the associated effects these diseases exert on each other, better preventative measures can be identified.
Beyond the state of the art of reverse vaccinology: predicting vaccine efficacy with the universal immune system simulator for influenza
Authors: Russo Giulia , Crispino Elena , Maleki Avisa , Di Salvatore Valentina , Stanco Filippo , Pappalardo Francesco
Published: June 2023

When it was first introduced in 2000, reverse vaccinology was defined as an in silico approach that begins with the pathogen's genomic sequence. It concludes with a list of potential proteins with a possible, but not necessarily, list of peptide candidates that need to be experimentally confirmed for vaccine production. During the subsequent years, reverse vaccinology has dramatically changed: now it consists of a large number of bioinformatics tools and processes, namely subtractive proteomics, computational vaccinology, immunoinformatics, and in silico related procedures. However, the state of the art of reverse vaccinology still misses the ability to predict the efficacy of the proposed vaccine formulation. Here, we describe how to fill the gap by introducing an advanced immune system simulator that tests the efficacy of a vaccine formulation against the disease for which it has been designed. As a working example, we entirely apply this advanced reverse vaccinology approach to design and predict the efficacy of a potential vaccine formulation against influenza H5N1. Climate change and melting glaciers are critical due to reactivating frozen viruses and emerging new pandemics. H5N1 is one of the potential strains present in icy lakes that can raise a pandemic. Investigating structural antigen protein is the most profitable therapeutic pipeline to generate an effective vaccine against H5N1. In particular, we designed a multi-epitope vaccine based on predicted epitopes of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins that potentially trigger B-cells, CD4, and CD8 T-cell immune responses. Antigenicity and toxicity of all predicted CTL, Helper T-lymphocytes, and B-cells epitopes were evaluated, and both antigenic and non-allergenic epitopes were selected. From the perspective of advanced reverse vaccinology, the Universal Immune System Simulator, an in silico trial computational framework, was applied to estimate vaccine efficacy using a cohort of 100 digital patients.
The value of MRI for downgrading of breast suspicious lesions detected on ultrasound
Authors: Xie Zongyu , Xu Wenjie , Zhang Hongxia , Li Li , An Yongyu , Mao Guoqun
Published: June 2023

Background

Most of suspicious lesions classified as breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) 4A and 4B categories on ultrasound (US) were benign, resulting in unnecessary biopsies. MRI has a high sensitivity to detect breast cancer and high negative predictive value (NPV) to exclude malignancy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of breast MRI for downgrading of suspicious lesions with BI-RADS 4A and 4B categories on US.

Methods

Patients who underwent breast MRI for suspicious lesions classified as 4A and 4B categories were included in this retrospective study. Two radiologists were aware of the details of suspicious lesions detected on US and evaluated MR images. MRI BI-RADS categories were given by consensus on the basis on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Pathological results and imaging follow-up at least 12 months were used as a reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), NPV and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for MRI findings.

Results

One sixty seven patients with 186 lesions (US 4A category: 145, US 4B category: 41) consisted of the study cohort. The malignancy rate was 34.9% (65/186). On MRI, all malignancies showed true-positive results and 92.6% (112/121) benign lesions were correctly diagnosed. MRI increased PPV from 34.9% (65/186) to 87.8% (65/74) and reduced the false-positive biopsies by 92.6% (112/121). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI were 100% (95% CI: 94.5%-100%), 92.6% (95% CI: 86.3%-96.5%), 87.8% (95% CI: 78.2%-94.3%) and 100% (95% CI: 96.8%-100%), respectively. 2.2% (4/186) of suspicious lesions were additionally detected on MRI, 75% (3/4) of which were malignant.

Conclusion

MRI could downgrade suspicious lesions classified as BI-RADS 4A and 4B categories on US and avoided unnecessary benign biopsies without missing malignancy. Additional suspicious lesions detected on MRI needed further work-up.
Prognostic role of E2F1 gene expression in human cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jingjing , Bi Wen , Lu Fang , Pan Bei , Xiong Mengqiu , Nasifu Lubanga , Nie Zhenlin , He Bangshun
Published: June 2023

Objective

E2F1 has been confirmed to be highly expressed in a variety of cancers. To better understand the prognostic value of E2F1 in cancer patients, this study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic value of E2F1 in cancer according to published data.

Method

PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI database were searched until May 31th, 2022 by using key words to retrieve the published essays on the role of E2F1 expression in the prognostic value of cancer. The essays were identified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled result of hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval was calculated with Stata17.0 software.

Result

A total of 17 articles were included in this study involved in 4481 cancer patients. The pooled results showed that higher E2F1 expression was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival (HR = 1.10, I2 = 95.3%, *PHeterogeneity = 0.000) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.41, I2 = 95.2%, *PHeterogeneity = 0.000) of cancer patients. Such a significant association of was maintained subgroup of sample size of patients (> 150: for OS, HR = 1.77, and for DFS, HR = 0.91; or < 150: for OS, HR = 1.93, and for DFS, HR = 4.39), ethnicity (Asian: for OS, HR = 1.65, and for DFS, HR = 1.08; or not Asian: HR = 3.55, and for DFS, HR = 2.87), the data from database (clinical: for OS, HR = 1.24, and for DFS, HR = 1.40; or database: for OS, HR = 2.29, and for DFS, HR = 3.09), paper published year (after 2014: for OS, HR = 1.90;and for DFS,HR = 1.87; or before 2014: for OS, HR = 1.40, and for DFS, HR = 1.22); cancer type (female specific cancer: for OS, HR = 1.41, and for DFS, HR = 0.64; or non-gender specific cancers: for OS, HR = 2.00, and for DFS, HR = 2.95). In addition, according to the database data, we also found that higher E2F1 expression level would lead to worse prognosis of patients, and the results were consistent with the statistical analysis results in the paper.

Conclusion

E2F1 could be served as a prognostic biomarker in cancer patients and higher levels of in cancer patients could predict shorter overall survival and disease-free survival.
Incidence, survival, and associated factors estimation in osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis: a single-center experience of 11 years in Tianjin, China
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wu Haixiao , Xu Guijun , Xu Yao , Ma Wenjuan , Li Zhijun , Zhang Jin
Published: June 2023

Background

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The current study was conducted to describe the general condition of patients with primary osteosarcoma in a single cancer center in Tianjin, China and to investigate the associated factors in osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis.

Methods

From February 2009 to October 2020, patients from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic factors of all osteosarcoma patients and those patients with lung metastasis, respectively. Furthermore, risk factors for developing lung metastasis were identified in synchronous lung metastasis (SLM) and metachronous lung metastasis (MLM) patients.

Results

A total of 203 patients were involved and 150 patients were successfully followed up for survival status. The 5-year survival rate of osteosarcoma was 70.0% and the survival months for patients with SLM and MLM were 33.3 ± 12.6 and 45.8 ± 7.4 months, respectively. The presence of lung metastasis was one of the independent prognostic factors for prognosis of osteosarcoma. In patients with lung metastasis, twenty-one (10.3%) showed lung metastasis at the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and 67 (33%) were diagnosed with lung metastases during the later course. T3 stage (OR = 11.415, 95%CI 1.362–95.677, P = 0.025) and bone metastasis (OR = 6.437, 95%CI 1.69–24.51, P = 0.006) were risk factors of SLM occurrence. Bone metastasis (OR = 1.842, 95%CI 1.053–3.224, P = 0.032), good necrosis (≥ 90%, OR = 0.032, 95%CI 0.050–0.412, P < 0.001), elevated Ki-67 (OR = 2.958, 95%CI 1.098–7.969, P = 0.032) and elevated LDH (OR = 1.791, 95%CI 1.020–3.146, P = 0.043) were proved to be independent risk factors for developing MLM.

Conclusion

The overall survival, prognostic factors and risk factors for lung metastasis in this single center provided insight about osteosarcoma management.
Systemic aspergillosis in a patient with interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency; a case report
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Hossein , Chavoshzadeh Zahra , Nabavizadeh Seyed Hesamedin , Alyasin Soheila , Amanati Ali , Askarisarvestani Aida
Published: June 2023

Background

Interferon-gamma receptor deficiency is a heterogeneous spectrum of disease which involves mutations in IFNGR1, IFNGR2 genes, and the downstream signaling proteins such as STAT1. These mutations are associated with immunodeficiency 27 A and 27B, making the patient prone to mycobacterial infections. Patients with this condition are also at increased risk for affliction with viral and bacterial infections, such as with the Herpesviridae family, Listeria, and Salmonella. Moreover, SH2B3 mutation is associated with autoimmune and lymphoproliferative conditions.

Case presentation

the patient was a 19-month-old infant girl who presented with a two-week history of fever. She had near-normal flowcytometry with high IgM and IgE. She had pneumonic infiltration in her chest and right hilar and para-aortic lymphadenopathy. PCR of whole blood for Aspergillus fumigatus came back positive. In her Whole Exome Sequencing she had IFNGR1 and SH2B3 mutations.

Conclusion

systemic fungal infections such as Aspergillosis can occur in patients with interferon-gamma receptor one deficiency. This type of immunodeficiency should be considered in treating patients with systemic Aspergillosis.
The effect of non-verbal music on anxiety in hospitalized children
Authors: Hakim Ashrafalsadat , Kaldozkhi Seyedeh Shima Hosseini , Tashakori Ashraf , Ghanbari Saeed
Published: June 2023

Background

In recent years, the positive effect of non-pharmacological methods such as listening to music in reducing the level of anxiety of hospitalized patients has been reported. This study aimed to determine the effect of non-verbal music on anxiety in hospitalized children.

Methods

In this study, 52 hospitalized children aged 6 to 12 years were randomly divided into Test and control groups. Research data collection tools included the Spielberger questionnaire to assess the level of anxiety in children. Statistical analysis of data was performed using Chi-square and t-tests by SPSS 23 software.

Results

Daily listening to non-verbal music for 20 minutes after the second and third days significantly reduced the anxiety score and the number of breaths per minute of hospitalized children (P ≤ 0.01). The trend of changes in anxiety score was measured for three consecutive days and vital signs except body temperature decreased significantly in the test group (P ≤ 0.01).

Conclusion

According to the results of this study, listening to non-verbal music by hospitalized children can be used as an effective practical method to reduce the level of anxiety and subsequently reduce vital signs.
Adolescent binge drinking in the West of Ireland: associated risk and protective factors
Authors: Kelly Ciara , Major Emmet , Durcan Michéal , O’Donovan Diarmuid , McNamara Áine
Published: June 2023

Background

Alcohol is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adolescence is when alcohol use typically begins. Harmful patterns of alcohol consumption, such as binge drinking, may emerge during adolescence and become established. This study aimed to examine potential risk and protective factors for binge drinking among 15–16-year-old adolescents in the West of Ireland.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of 4473 participants from the Planet Youth 2020 Survey. The outcome was ever binge drinking, defined as ever consumption of five or more drinks in a two-hour period or less. Independent variables were selected a priori following review of peer-reviewed literature and were grouped as individual, parents and family, peer group, school, leisure time and local community factors. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS version 27. Differences in medians and means for continuous variables were examined using the Mann–Whitney U test and Independent Samples t-test respectively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine independent associations between potential risk and protective factors and ever binge drinking. A p-value of < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.

Results

The prevalence of ever binge drinking was 34.1%. Self-rated ‘bad/very bad’ mental health (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 1.61, 95% CI 1.26–2.06, p < 0.001), current cigarette use (aOR 4.06, 95% CI 3.01–5.47, p < 0.001) and current cannabis use (aOR 2.79, 95% CI 1.80–4.31, p < 0.001) increased odds of ever binge drinking.

Parental supervision (aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73–0.88, p < 0.001) and negative parental reaction to adolescent drunkenness (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.42–0.61, p < 0.001) reduced odds of ever binge drinking. Getting alcohol from parents increased odds of ever binge drinking (aOR 1.79, 95% CI 1.42–2.25, p < 0.001).

Adolescents with friends who drink alcohol had almost five times higher odds of ever binge drinking (aOR 4.59, 95% CI 2.65–7.94, p < 0.001). Participating in team/club sports also increased odds of ever binge drinking (aOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.07–1.57, p = 0.008 for 1–4 times/week, aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.07–2.16, p = 0.020 for ≥ 5 times/week).

Conclusion

This study identifies individual and social environment factors associated with adolescent binge drinking in the West of Ireland. This can inform intersectoral action to protect adolescents from alcohol-related harm.
Factors and key problems influencing insured’s poor perceptions of convenience of basic medical insurance: a mixed methods research of a northern city in China
Authors: Wang Peng , Cheng Lixia , Li Ye , Zhang Yuchao , Huang Weiqi , Li Shuyi , Wang Zhizhen , Shan Linghan , Jiao Mingli , Wu Qunhong
Published: June 2023

Background

This study aimed to explore the factors that affect insured’s perceptions of convenience of the basic medical insurance (PCBMI) in Harbin, China and to diagnose the key problems to further propose corresponding measures. The findings provide evidence-based support for the reform of convenience of the basic medical insurance system (BMIS) and the cultivation of public literacy.

Methods

We adopted a mixed methods design composing a multivariate regression model using the data from a cross-sectional questionnaire survey (n = 1045) of residents who were enrolled for BMIS in Harbin to identify the factors influencing the PCBMI. A quota sampling method was further adopted. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted with 30 important information providers selected by convenience sampling. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was employed to summarize and analyze the key problems.

Results

Overall, approximately 51% of respondents reported poor PCBMI. The logistic regression model showed that insured without outpatient experience within two weeks (OR = 2.522, 95% CI = 1.267–5.024), had poorer levels of understanding of basic medical insurance information (OR = 2.336, 95% CI = 1.612–3.386), lived in rural areas (OR = 1.819, 95% CI = 1.036–3.195), had low levels of annual out-of-pocket medical expenses (OR = 1.488, 95% CI = 1.129–1.961), and were more likely to give the PCBMI a worse evaluation than their counterparts. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that the key problem areas of the PCBMI were the design of the BMIS, the cognitive biases of the insured, publicity information about the BMIS, and the health system environment.

Conclusions

This study found that in addition to the design of BMIS, the cognition of the insured, the BMIS information publicity and the health system environment are also the key problems hindering PCBMI. While optimizing system design and implementation, Chinese policymakers need to focus on the insured with low PCBMI characteristics. Moreover, it is necessary to focus on exploring effective BMIS information publicity methods, supporting public policy literacy and improving the health system environment.
Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) blood levels and potential hematological health risk among inhabitants of the claimed hazardous region around Qaroun Lake in Egypt
Authors: Bakr Salwa , Sayed Makram Ahmed , Salem Karem Mohamed , Morsi Enas Mohamed , Masoud Mohamed , Ezzat Eman Mahmoud
Published: June 2023

Background

Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) heavy metals are considered potentially hazardous toxins which cause serious health problems. Many studies reported that the water of Qaroun Lake in Fayoum, Egypt with its fish farms was contaminated with Pb and Cd above permissible levels. However, there is a lack of studies addressing levels of these toxic metals among inhabitants.

Objectives

We aimed to evaluate blood levels of Pb and Cd and their potential health risk among inhabitants around Qaroun Lake.

Materials and methods

This case-control study estimated Pb and Cd blood levels among 190 individuals from two destinations (near and far away) of Qaroun Lack using an atomic absorption spectrometer after full history taking and routine checkup investigations; Full blood count, serum ferritin, liver enzyme (ALT), and creatinine levels.

Results

There was a significant difference between blood levels of Pb and Cd heavy metals of inhabitants from near and far away Qaroun Lake destinations (p-value < 0.001). The majority of inhabitants around Qaroun Lake had Pb and Cd blood levels above permissible levels (100% and 60% respectively). Critical levels out of them were 12.1% and 30.3% respectively. In comparison to inhabitants faraway Qaroun Lake, three individuals (2.4%) had Cd above the permissible level, while all of them (100%) had Pb level within the permissible level. There were no statistically significant differences between the two sampled populations as regards hemoglobin level, ALT, creatinine, and ferritin serum levels (p-value > 0.05). The difference between studied populations regarding types of anemia was not statistically significant. Subclinical leucopenia was higher in the population near Qaroun Lake when compare to inhabitants far from the lake (13.6% vs. 4.8%, p-value 0.032).

Conclusion

Bio-monitoring of populations exposed to Pb and Cd hazardous substances could help in generating an early warning system to reduce the disease burden associated with their toxicity.
Mapping the core competencies and entrustable professional activities of medical ethics for faculty members
Authors: Mashayekhi Jannat , Mafinejad Mahboobeh Khabaz
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The present study aimed to develop core competencies and Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for faculty members through participating in faculty development programs in medical ethics.

Methods

This study included five stages. First, categories and subcategories were extracted based on the literature review and interviews with 14 experts and through inductive content analysis. Second, the content validity of the core competency list was checked by 16 experts using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Third, based on the previous phase, a framework for EPAs was developed by the taskforce in two sessions through consensus. Fourth, the content validity of the list of EPAs was compiled based on a three-point Likert 11 medical ethics experts from necessity and relevance perspectives. Fifth, EPAs were mapped by ten experts to the developed core competencies.

Results

After conducting the literature review and interviews, 295 codes were extracted, which were further classified into six categories and 18 subcategories. Finally, five core competencies and 23 EPAs were developed. The core competencies include “Teaching medical ethics”, “Research and scholarship in the field of medical ethics”, “Communication skills”, “Moral reasoning”, and “Policy-making, decision-making, and ethical leadership”.

Conclusion

Medical teachers can be effective in the moralizing healthcare system. Findings showed that faculty members should acquire core competencies and EPAs for proficiently integrating medical ethics into curricula. Faculty development programs can be designed in medical ethics for faculty members to help them to acquire core competencies and EPAs.
Safety and efficacy of percutaneous electrocoagulation haemostasis in the treatment of grade IV haemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Liu Hai-chao , Yang Yun-bo , Zhang Peng , Zhang Jia-xing , Pei Zhi-sheng , Chen Bo-wen , Liu Gui-qian , Li Hui
Published: June 2023

Background

To investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic electrocoagulation haemostasis via a percutaneous transhepatic approach for the treatment of grade IV haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children.

Methods

The clinical data of 14 children with severe HC, who were admitted to Hebei Yanda Hospital between July 2017 and January 2020, were analysed retrospectively. There were nine males and five females, with an average age of 8.6 years (range: 3 to 13 years). After an average of 39.6 (7 to 96) days of conservative treatment in the hospital’s haematology department, the bladders of all patients were filled with blood clots. A small 2-cm incision was made in the suprapubic area to enter the bladder and quickly clear the blood clots, and a percutaneous transhepatic approach to electrocoagulation and haemostasis was performed.

Results

In the 14 children, a total of 16 operations were performed, with an average operation time of 97.1 (31 to 150) min, an average blood clot of 128.1 (80 to 460) mL and an average intraoperative blood loss of 31.9 (20 to 50) mL. There were three cases of postoperative bladder spasm remission after conservative treatment. During the follow-up period of 1 to 31 months, one patient improved after one operation, 11 patients were cured after one operation, and two patients were cured after recurrent haemostasis by secondary electrocoagulation, four of whom died of postoperative non-surgical blood-related diseases and severe lung infections.

Conclusion

Percutaneous electrocoagulation haemostasis can quickly remove blood clots in the bladders of children after allo-HSCT with grade IV HC. It is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment.