bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The experience of post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth
Authors: Poote Aimee , McKenzie-McHarg Kirstie
Published: February 2015

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health problem, which women can develop following childbirth. Partners and staff are also at risk and a larger group of women develop sub-clinical trauma symptoms. PTSD can have an impact on future childbearing, the wider family, intimate sexual relationships and bonding. The relationship between mothers and maternity staff is crucial. Health visitors can help by: supporting realistic expectations of delivery antenatally; early identification of high-risk mothers via rigorous histories; facilitating communication and the father's role in the birth; early identification, screening and referral to specialist perinatal mental health professionals; supporting care pathways; supporting the parent–infant relationship; and facilitating access to social support.
Endogenous Steroid Induced Glaucoma due to Cushing Syndrome
Authors: Singh Kirti , Dangda Sonal , Ahir Nitasha , Bhattacharyya Mainak
Published: February 2015

Exogenous steroid usage is a documented cause of increase in intraocular pressure in susceptible individuals; with systemic use having a lower propensity than topical. Endogenous hypercortisolism is an uncommon cause of steroid induced glaucoma with few reported cases due to adrenal adenoma, ectopic ACTH production in para-neoplastic syndromes, and pituitary adenomas. We report a case of steroid induced glaucoma occurring due to adrenal hyperplasia with confounding feminizing features which caused a diagnostic dilemma.
Materials for mourning: Bereavement literature and the afterlife of clothes
Authors: Simpson Judith M.
Published: February 2015

While the Judeao-Christian tradition has tended to regard clothing as ephemeral, its role in mourning and memorialization suggests that this is not the case.  Using written accounts of bereavement, I demonstrate that clothing shapes and maintains relationships between the living and the dead, allowing mourners to process loss and translate the memory of those who have died into ancestor myths.
The Lula girl as ‘sublime and childlike’: nostalgic investments in contemporary fashion magazines
Authors: Laing Morna
Published: February 2015

Since the 1980s, the figure of the ‘girl’ has become one of the most prominent subject positions offered up in British fashion magazines (Jobling 1999). This way of constructing femininity harks back to the observation made by Roland Barthes, in 1967, that the rhetoric of fashion ‘reproduces, on the level of clothing, the mythic situation of Women in Western civilization, at once sublime and childlike’ (1990: 242). This article argues that both facets – the sublime and the childlike – continue to inform constructions of femininity in contemporary fashion magazines, with the niche publication, Lula, girl of my dreams, being a particularly marked example. Methods of textual and discourse analysis are employed to make sense of written and visual excerpts, drawing from issues of Lula spanning 2006 to 2012. Discourses on Romantic childhood and discourses on ‘high’ fashion – both of which construct their objects as ‘pure’ – are shown to intersect on the pages of Lula thus producing the Lula girl as otherworldly creature, while disavowing the less palatable aspects of the fashion industry that bring her into being. Inviting nostalgic recollection of childhood, the Lula girl is shown not to recall childhood in any objective sense but rather to reconstruct childhood through the mythic tropes of Romantic innocence. The possible appeal of this vision of womanhood for both magazine producers and consumers is theorized through the concept of ‘investment’ as well as recent debates on pleasure and politics in feminist media studies. Ultimately, the Lula girl is shown to facilitate imaginary solutions for real-life frustrations by dissolving the contradictions of normative femininity as well as encompassing elements excluded from contemporary definitions of adulthood.
Fashion exhibition as a critique of contemporary museum exhibitions: The case of ‘Fashion India: Spectacular Capitalism’
Authors: Kuldova Tereza
Published: February 2015

The article pursues a critical inquiry, grounded in theory and practice, into the dominant trends in current organization of fashion exhibitions in museums. It presents the case of ‘Fashion India: Spectacular Capitalism’, an exhibition that I curated and designed at the Historical Museum in Oslo, and that was on display from 13 September 2013–13 September 2014. This exhibition was grounded in my ethnographic research, and conceptualized as a critique of current museum practices. The article outlines some themes of this exhibition that address uncritical approaches, which use the ‘aesthetic’ to mask hierarchies of power. These include the problems of exhibiting fashion as art, corporate and private sponsorships, fashion designers as co-curators, spectacular exhibition design (form) over content, and persistent policies of infantilization and patronage of the audiences.
Geoinformatics Study at the CTU in Prague
Authors: Mervart Leoš , Čepek Aleš
Published: February 2015

At the CTU in Prague, there is a long tradition of master degree courses in geodesy, geodetic surveying and cartography. Taking into account the fast development of information technologies in recent decades, we decided to prepare a new study program that would combine computer science with a background of geodetic and cartographic know-how. Apart from other sources, our plans were inspired and influenced by the Review of Education Needs, a report prepared by Stig Enemark (Prague 1998), and by our experience from several Virtual Academy workshops.

We have decided to call this program “Geoinformatics” to emphasize the role of computer technologies in collecting, analyzing and exploiting information about our planet. Within this presentation we will explain the basic ideas behind our new study program and emphasize the features that distinguish it from classical geodetic or cartographic programs. We will mention the connection between our new study program and several geodetic and software projects running at our institute – software development for real-time GPS applications, cooperation with the Astronomical Institute, University of Berne, on the development of so-called Bernese GPS Software, the GNU project Gama for adjustment of geodetic networks, etc.
Výuka GIS na FIT VUT v Brně
Authors: Hrubý Martin
Published: February 2015

Příspěvek pojednává o zavedení předmětu GIS do výuky na Fakultě informačních technologií VUT v Brně. Předmět se vyučuje už druhý rok. Vzhledem k programátorskému zaměření naší fakulty je hlavním posláním předmětu zatáhnout do GIS oblasti další nové programátory.Jako technické zázemí předmětu GIS byl zvolen nástroj GRASS a to především proto, že v době vzniku předmětu jsme nic jiného neměli. V průběhu letního semestru 2005/06 jsme koupili komerční nástroj ArcGIS firmy ESRI, takže mě jako garanta předmětu čeká rozhodování o budoucí formě výuky GIS...Základním textem pro přípravu kurzu byla kniha Jána Tučka "Geografické informační systémy". Posloužila mi jako odrazový můstek pro návrh osnov předmětu.
Interoperabilita v GIS podle specifikací OGC
Authors: Sklenička Radek
Published: February 2015

Trendem v oblasti Geografických informačních systémů je přechod z prostředí desktopových produktů k distribuovaným GIS systémům, založeným převážně na potenciálu webových služeb. V souvislosti s tím se hovoří o tzv. interoperabilitě. Zásadním subjektem, který podporuje interoperabilitu v GIS, je mezinárodní neziskové konsorcium Open Geospatial Consorcium,Inc.(OGC). Konsorcium OGC vyvíjí specifikace aplikačních prostředí a protokolů, které umožňují integraci v rámci aplikací, prostorových dat a služeb pro jejich zpracovávání. Jedním z aktuálně řešených problémů je vývoj modelu GIS, založeném na možnosti řetězení webových GIS služeb.
Evropská směrnice INSPIRE
Authors: Tryhubová Pavla
Published: February 2015

Článek byl vytvořen na základě informací ze semináře a workshopu organizovaného sdružením Nemoforum spolu se Společným výzkumným centrem Evropské komise (EC Joint Research Centre - Ispra, Itálie) a CENIA, českou agenturou pro životní prostředí. Tématem semináře a workshopu byla Geoinformační infrastruktura ČR a INSPIRE.Česká republika vstoupila do Evropské unie (EU) spolu s dalšími devíti státy 1. května 2004. Změny na trhu s geodaty uvnitř Evropské unie se dotýkají i České republiky. Hlavním ohniskem těchto změn je iniciativa INSPIRE. INSPIRE by se měla stát evropskou směrnicí v roce 2007. INSPIRE podporuje harmonizaci prostorových formátů dat, dostupnost datových sad a schopnost vyhledat různé datové sady. V první části článku je shrnut poslední vývoj uvnitř iniciativy INSPIRE a v druhé části jsou zveřejněny závěry zmiňovaného semináře a workshopu.
Development of Open Source Tools that support the CCOG Resolution
Authors: Sutherland Jim
Published: February 2015

National Geo-Referencing Initiative. The Canadian Council on Geomatics (CCOG) passed a resolution in March 2005 wherebyeach province/territory agreed to develop and implement a plan to require geo-referencingnew legal surveys according to the principles and standards set out in the resolution. MichaelO’Sullivan, former Surveyor General of Canada, initiated the resolution which took over fiveyears of research, development, analysis and discussion before being passed.
Experience with a LiveCD in an education process
Authors: Růžička Jan , Klímek František
Published: February 2015

The paper describes how can be LiveCD (Bootable CD) used for geoinformatics distance learning. We have prepared one LiveCD with basic software for learning geoinformatics and we have some feedback from users and teachers. The paper should evaluate this feedback. LiveCD is a CD-ROM, that can be used as a bootable device. After booting from the CD, the user can access all resources compiled to the CD. There are operating system (usually based on GNU/Linux) and (user, desktop) software installed and configured to be used directly after boot. Our CD named GIS´ ak LiveCD contains basic GIS software such as UMN MapServer, GRASS, Quantum GIS, Thuban, JUMP, GPS Drive, Blender and we work on other software packages such as MapLab for UMN MapServer, PostGIS, GeoNetwork Open Source, CatMDEdit, gvSIG, uDIG. GIS´ ak LiveCD contains set of spatial data from the Czech Republic. Main part of the CD are tutorials for GIS software. CD is open for other e-learning materials. Now we have about 20 students using our LiveCD and few other users that are not curently our students. The paper should show Pros & Cons of the LiveCD usage for a distance learning.
Svět se mění nenápadně
Authors: Čepek Aleš
Published: February 2015

Foreword.  Seminar Geoinformatics FCE CTU 2007 (in Czech).
The International Exchange of Students: Problems and Solutions at the Riga Technical University
Authors: Strauhmanis Janis
Published: February 2015

The international exchange of students plays an important role in acquisition of new knowledge and skills. However, it was possible to start implementing such exchange programmes at the Riga Technical University only in 1991 after the reestablishment of the Department of Geodesy.  Currently, the Riga Technical University cooperates with several countries in implementing exchange programmes of students. The main problems encountered in this process are similar: inadequate foreign language skills, a lack of internationally recognized coursebooks and other study materials, insufficient cooperation between the universities that implement exchange programmes. These problems should be addressed by creating a working group and expanding cooperation, as well as enhancing requirements for students who participate in the exchange programmes.
PostgreSQL 8.3
Authors: Stěhule Pavel
Published: February 2015

Práce na Open Source databázích pokračují nezadržitelným tempem. Vývojáři se musí vyrovnat s rostoucími požadavky uživatelů na objem dat ukládaných do databází, na náročnější požadavky na odezvu atd. Zatím nedostižnou metou je implementace celého standardu ANSI SQL 200x. Všechny databáze z velké trojky (Firebird, MySQL a PostgreSQL) používají multigenerační architekturu, cenově orientované hledání optimálního prováděcího plánu, write ahead log atd. MySQL se profiluje jako SQL databáze schopná používat specializované databázové backendy schopné maximální efektivity pro určité konkrétní prostředí. PostgreSQL je široce použitelná databáze, těžící z vynikající stability, s perfektní rozšiřitelností a komfortním prostředím. Konečně Firebird je vynikající embeded databáze, která se osvědčuje v tisících instalacích na desktopech.
Podle původního plánu mělo dojít k uvolnění verze 8.3 koncem léta - mělo jít o verzi obsahující patche dokončené pro 8.2, ale v té době nedostatečně otestované. Nakonec se ukázalo, že ty nejdůležitější patche je třeba dopracovat. Jednalo se o tak atraktivní vlastnosti, že se rozhodlo s vydáním nové verze počkat. 8.3 obsahuje integrovaný fulltext, podporu opožděného potvrzování (asynchronní commit), synchronizované sekvenční čtení datových souborů, úspornější ukládání dynamických datových typů (kratších 256byte), HOT updates a sofistikovanější aktualizaci indexů (hot indexes). Z patchů připravených pro 8.2 se v 8.3 neobjeví podpora bitmapových indexů a podpora aktualizovatelných pohledů. Původní řešení založené na pravidlech (rules) bylo příliš komplikované. 8.3 obsahuje podporu aktualizovatelných kurzorů, a je docela dobře možné, že aktualizovatelné pohledy budou ve verzi 8.4 implementovány právě s pomocí této třídy kurzorů.
Vývoj pokračuje implementací dalších modulů SQL. Ve verzi 8.3 je to konkrétně SQL/XML (rozšíření ANSI SQL), která umožňuje operace s XML dokumenty přímo v databázi a zjednodušuje generování XML dokumentů. Zásadní (interní) změnou je zkrácení hlavičky řádku z 28 bajtů na 24 bajtů. Další změnou, která by měla vést k minimalizaci velikosti uložených dat je diverzifikace typu varlena. Tento typ se v PostgreSQL používá pro serializaci hodnot všech typů s variabilní délkou. Trochu připomíná string v Pascalu. První byty nesou informaci o délce, další nesou obsah. Starší verze PostgreSQL znaly jen typ varlena s 4byte informací o délce. 8.3 podporuje také typ varlena s 1byte záhlavím. Úspora by se měla projevit hlavně u typu NUMERIC a krátkých řetězců. K překladu PostgreSQL lze počínaje touto verzí použít jak gcc, MINGW tak Microsoft Visual C++ (na platformě Microsoft Windows).
Optimalizace procesu generování map pomocí XML
Authors: Čerba Otakar
Published: February 2015

Příspěvek je zaměřený na optimalizaci procesů použitých při tvorbě Atlasu mezinárodních vztahů (Waisová at al. 2007). Tento atlasový projekt vznikl v létech 2006-2007 na půdě Západočeské univerzity v Plzni. Jednotlivé mapy tohoto tištěného atlasu byly generovány metodami webové kartografie, přičemž šlo o první rozsáhlý projekt, kdy byly použity XML (eXtensible Markup Language) technologie pro generování tematických map ve formě klasického atlasu. Proto se během tvorby atlasu a po jejím ukončení objevily nedostatky, které by měly být v případě dalšího využívání vytvořených postupů odstraněny nebo alespoň částečně eliminovány. Příspěvek se skládá ze tří částí, které popisují vytvořenou publikaci, princip generování map atlasu a navrhovaná zlepšení používaných postupů.
Surveying Curriculum from the Point of View of Multidisciplinarity
Authors: Slaboch Václav
Published: February 2015

The multidisciplinarity and globalization makes fade the differencesamong professions and surveying is no exception. CLGE – CLGE has aname in two of the many European languages English and French, namely“The Council of European Geodetic Surveyors” and “Comit´e de Liaisondes Géomètres Européens”. A “Multilateral Agreement” on mutualrecognition of qualification in surveying was signed in 2005 inBrussels by representatives of Germany, France, Belgium, Switzerlandand Luxembourg. In 2006 also Slovakia joint this Agreement.  Thesignature by the Czech Republic is recently under discussion.
PyWPS 2.0.0: The presence and the future
Authors: Čepický Jáchym
Published: February 2015

This paper presents current status of PyWPS program, which implements OGC Web Processing Service standard. PyWPS 0.2.0, which was released only recently, implements OGC WPS 0.4.0. Nowadays, OGC is preparing the WPS 1.0.0 standard, with slightly different characteristics. Next versions of PyWPS should implement this version too.
GAL Framework – Current State of the Project
Authors: Bartoň Radek , Hrubý Martin
Published: February 2015

The GAL (GIS Abstraction Layer) Framework is a component-architecture-oriented1 remote procedure call (RPC) library with implementations of GIS-related subsystems communicating using the library and a set of demonstrational and testing tools utilizing that services. It doesn’t aim to be a full-featured solution for GIS application construction but a proposal for possible incremental GRASS GIS2 modernization. This article summarizes current state of the project, it’s history, application and potential and also presents options for further advancement and areas of possible participation. Only a concern of other developers or users and the time may transform this idea into something practically usable.
Moebius: An interface to web map services
Authors: Procházka David , Procházková Jana
Published: February 2015

Our article presents a concept of a geospatial search engine based on a Web Map Service (WMS) compliant virtual mapserver. This virtual mapserver is able to index mapservers based on the WMS standard and create an unified interface to all shared map layers. Our presented approach also allows to search the map layers within the virtual mapserver and process the results directly in GIS tools.
ISO 19115 for GeoWeb services orchestration
Authors: Růžička Jan
Published: February 2015

The paper describes theoretical and practical possibilities of ISO 19115 standard in a process of generating dynamic GeoWeb services orchestras. There are several ways how to instantiate orchestras according to current state of services and user needs, some of them are briefly described in the paper. The most flexible way is based on metadata that describe geodata used by services. The most common standard used for geodata metadata in the EU is ISO 19115. The paper should describe if the standard is able (without extensions) to hold enough information for orchestration purposes. The paper defines minimal set of metadata items named ”ISO 19115 Orchestration Minimal” that must be available for geodata evaluation in a process of orchestration. A second part of the article will be probably less optimistic. It should describe how are (or were, or are planned to be) ISO 19115 possibilities used for metadata creation nowadays in the Czech Republic. This part is based on analyses of ISO 19115 core, MIDAS system, Dublin Core and INSPIRE metadata IR.
Deriving Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) using a Web Processing Service implementation based on GRASS GIS
Authors: Schwartze Christian
Published: February 2015

QGIS releases equal to or newer than 0.7 can easily connected to GRASS GIS by means of a toolbox that provides a wide range of standard GRASS modules you can launch – albeit only on data coming from GRASS. This QGIS plugin is expandable through XML configurations describing the assignment of options and inputs for a certain module. But how about embedding a precise workflow where the several processes don’t consist of a single GRASS module by force? Especially for a sequence of dependent tasks it makes sense to merge relevant GRASS functionality into an own and encapsulated QGIS extension. Its architecture and development is tested and combined with the Web Processing Service (WPS) for remote execution using the concept of hydrological response units (HRUs) as an example. The results of this assay may be suitable for discussing and planning other wizard-like geoprocessing plugins in QGIS that also should make use of an additional GRASS server.
Custom OpenStreetMap Rendering – OpenTrackMap Experience
Authors: Bartoň Radek
Published: February 2015

After 5 years of its existence, the OpenSteetMap [1] is becoming to be an important and valuable source of a geographic data for all people on the world. Although initially targeted to provide a map of cities for routing services, it can be exploited to other and often unexpected purposes. Such an utilization is an effort to map a network of hiking tracks of the Czech Tourist Club [2].  To support and apply this endeavour, the OpenTrackMap [3] project was started. Its aim is to primarily provide a customized rendering style for Mapnik renderer which emphasizes map features important to tourists and displays a layer with hiking tracks. This article presents obstacles which such project must face and it can be used as a tutorial for other projects of similar type.
OpenStreetMap over WMS
Authors: Vohnout Přemysl , Čepický Jáchym
Published: February 2015

This paper discuss the issues which we faced, while preparing WMS server with OpenStreetMap data of whole Europe. This article is divided into three sections. First is about mandatory applications which are required for working WMS service with OpenStreetMap data. Second is focused on tuning up PostgreSQL. Third is focused on rendering time improvement of layers.
Utilization of BEAM and NEST open source toolboxes in education and research
Authors: Potůčková Markéta , Štefanová Eva
Published: February 2015

European Space Agency (ESA) provides several open source toolboxes for visualization, processing and analyzing satellite images acquired both in optical and microwave domains. Basic ERS & Envisat (A)ATSR and MERIS Toolbox (BEAM) was originally developed for easier handling ENVISAT optical data. Today this toolbox supports several raster data formats and datasets collected with other EO instruments such as MODIS, AVHRR, CHRIS/Proba. The NEXT ESA SAR Toolbox (NEST) has been created for processing radar data acquired from different satellites such as ERS 1&2, ENVISAT, RADARSAT or TerraSAR X. Both toolboxes are suitable for the education of the basic principles of data processing (geometric and radiometric corrections, classification, filtering of radar data) but also for research. Possibilities for utilization of these toolboxes in remote sensing courses based on two examples of practical exercises are described. Use of the NEST toolbox is demonstrated on a research project dealing with snow cover detection from SAR imagery.
Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in prognosis coronary artery disease in patients with obesity
Authors: Shpagina Olga Viktorovna , Bondarenko Irina Ziyatovna , Kuklina Maria Dmitrievna , Manchenko Oksana Vladimirovna , Kolesnikova Galina Sergeevna , Goncharov Nikolay Petrovich
Published: February 2015

Introduction. In patients with obesity coronary atherosclerosis and chronic heart failure (CHF) progress rapidly and have a worse long-term prognosis than those with normal weight.Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of GH and IGF-1 in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in patients with obesity.Materials and Methods. The study included 75 men (mean age 55.31±6.32 years), which are overweight or have mild obesity (body mass index (BMI) 28.69±3.6 kg/m2). Group 1 included 45 patients (age 56.4±6.29 years, BMI 28.69±3.69 kg/m2, blood pressure 124±10.18/80±4.59 mm Hg) who underwent coronary angiography. Group 2 included 30 patients (mean age 53.6 ± 6.1 years, BMI 28.68±3.52 kg/m2, blood pressure 128±9/83±6.81 mm Hg), CAD who are excluded by treadmill test. The coronary artery calcium score was assessed in group 2. All participants were evaluated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), triglycerides (TG), IGF-1 and GH, LPHD, LPLD, geometry of the heart chambers was assessed by echocardiography.Results. Patients in both groups did not differ in age, BMI, blood pressure. IGF-1 levels were not significantly different among the study groups. High circulating IGF-1 levels were frequently observed in group 1 (р=0.018). A statistically significant association of high IGF-1 observed with obesity (p=0.033), smoking (p=0.049), hypertension (p=0.002), end-diastolic dimension (p=0.045). GH was lower in group 1 compared with group 2 (p=0.046). Serum levels of GH are positively associated with EF (p=0.023) and E/A (p=0.043) and negatively associated with left atrial wall thickness (p=0.025) and coronary artery calcium score (p=0.005).Conclusion: 1. IGF-1 may be a useful indicator to assess the prognosis of CAD and CHF in patients with obesity. 2. Relative GH deficiency was more often associated with severe CAD in patients with obesity.
orlistat improves release of gut hormones increasing satiety in obese women
Authors: Shvangiradze Teona Albertovna
Published: February 2015

Orlistat, which reduces fat absorption by inhibiting intestinal lipase is a registered drug for obesity pharmacotherapy. Meta-analyzes indicate various positive metabolic effects of orlistat, including improvements in glucose and lipid metabolism, lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It is assumed that orlistat can reduce postprandial satiety by inhibiting the release of intestinal hormones (incretins), especially glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Impact analysis of the secretion of incretins, with prolonged use of orlistat was conducted. The aim of the study M.Olszanecka-Glinianowicz et al. was to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of treatment with orlistat as part of a weight loss program for preprandialnye levels of peptide YY and GLP-1.
Professional Accountability for Improving Life, College, and Career Readiness
Authors: Snyder Jon , Bristol Travis
Published: February 2015

This article builds on Darling-Hammond, Wilhoit, and Pittenger’s (2014) new paradigm on Accountability for College and Career Readiness by focusing on one of its three pillars—professional accountability. The article begins by offering a conceptual framework for professional accountability for improvement. Next, it highlights slices of four organizations whose improvements efforts serve as a model for professional accountability. Then the article provides an overview of what a complete system of professional accountability would require. The article ends with a narrative of a teacher’s career in an imagined future where school, district, state, and federal contexts are designed and provide resources for a cohesive constellation of policies, programs, and practices that increase learning for children, adults and the entire system.
On the Theory of TE Waves Guided by a Lossy Three-Layer Structure with General Nonlinear Permittivity
Authors: Harju Markus , Schürmann Hans W. , Serov Valery S.
Published: February 2015

Guided TE waves in a planar three-layer structure with nonmagnetic material are considered. The central layer between two half-spaces with constant permittivity is described by a rather general (nonlinear, complex, saturating, dependent on position) permittivity. Maxwell's equations are reduced to a nonlinear Volterra integral equation that is solved using the Banach fixed point theorem. Sufficient conditions for convergence of iteration sequence are presented and dispersion relation is derived. Numerical examples are given.
Silica aerogel/epoxy composites with preserved aerogel pores and low thermal conductivity
Authors: Kim Hyung Min , Kim Hyun Su , Kim Seong Yun , Youn Jae Ryoun
Published: February 2015

The thermal conductivity of aerogel/epoxy composite based on the inexpensive powder form of silica aerogels by using water glass under ambient drying conditions was evaluated to investigate the relationship between the internal structure and the thermal conductivity of the composite. A high thermal conductivity was obtained for the composite fabricated by the typical liquid epoxy processing because the pores of the aerogels became filled with the epoxy resin during the processing of the composite. A new processing method for preserving the aerogel pores was then developed using ethanol evaporation, which lowered the thermal conductivity of the composite. The lowest thermal conductivity of 0.04 W/m K was obtained for the composite containing the as-received aerogel of 75 vol% with preserved pores. The preserved aerogel pores in the composite were the most significant physical factor in determining the thermal conductivity of the composite.
Informationsverhalten in Social Media
Authors: Meier Florian
Published: February 2015

Der Beitrag plädiert für Social Media (
Der Weg ist das Ziel – Fußgängernavigation ist Forschung zu Information Behavior
Authors: Kattenbeck Markus , Müller Manuel , Ohm Christina , Ludwig Bernd
Published: February 2015

Aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten zur Fußgängernavigation, die im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts NADINE am Lehrstuhl für Informationswissenschaft durchgeführt werden, profitieren stark von den Facetten
Code I’ve Seen
Authors: Jackermeier Robert
Published: February 2015

In dieser Arbeit werden Theorien und Erkenntnisse über das
Improving upon the World Bank’s Country Policy and Institutional Assessment: A New Performance Indicator Based on Aid Effectiveness
Authors: Cagé Julia
Published: February 2015

This article questions the relevance of the different measures of policy performance that are currently used by international organizations to allocate development aid. It evaluates more especially the pertinence of the World Bank’s Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA). Using a cross-country panel dataset over 146 countries between 1977 and 2008, I show that while the CPIA is correlated with current growth, it is not a good predictor for future growth. I then discuss the relevance of several instruments for aid allocation. In particular, I propose a performance indicator based on “aid effectiveness” to allocate aid selectively, and discuss a new way of assessing time-varying aid effectiveness.
Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndromes
Authors: Küçükali Cem Ismail , Kürtüncü Murat , Akçay Halil İbrahim , Tüzün Erdem , Öge Ali Emre
Published: February 2015

Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability (PNH) syndromes can be subclassified as primary and secondary. The main primary PNH syndromes are neuromyotonia, cramp-fasciculation syndrome (CFS), and Morvan’s syndrome, which cause widespread symptoms and signs without the association of an evident peripheral nerve disease. Their major symptoms are muscle twitching and stiffness, which differ only in severity between neuromyotonia and CFS. Cramps, pseudomyotonia, hyperhidrosis, and some other autonomic abnormalities, as well as mild positive sensory phenomena, can be seen in several patients. Symptoms reflecting the involvement of the central nervous system occur in Morvan’s syndrome. Secondary PNH syndromes are generally seen in patients with focal or diffuse diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system. The PNH-related symptoms and signs are generally found incidentally during clinical or electrodiagnostic examinations. The electrophysiological findings that are very useful in the diagnosis of PNH are myokymic and neuromyotonic discharges in needle electromyography along with some additional indicators of increased nerve fiber excitability. Based on clinicopathological and etiological associations, PNH syndromes can also be classified as immune mediated, genetic, and those caused by other miscellaneous factors. There has been an increasing awareness on the role of voltage-gated potassium channel complex autoimmunity in primary PNH pathogenesis. Then again, a long list of toxic compounds and genetic factors has also been implicated in development of PNH. The management of primary PNH syndromes comprises symptomatic treatment with anticonvulsant drugs, immune modulation if necessary, and treatment of possible associated dysimmune and/or malignant conditions.
Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in Two-Sided Markets
Authors: Bourreau Marc , Verdier Marianne
Published: February 2015

In this paper, we analyze the impact of cooperation on R&D investments in a two-sided market, where platforms compete in quantities. We show that if indirect externalities are of a moderate magnitude, the threshold degree of spillovers above which cooperation spurs R&D investments and enhances social welfare increases with the degree of externalities. If indirect externalities are of a strong magnitude, cooperation can also be beneficial in terms of welfare for low degrees of spillovers.
Synthese und Untersuchung der Lanthanoidoxidnitrate LnONO3 (Ln = Pr, Nd und Sm-Yb) / Synthesis and Studies of Lanthanide Oxide Nitrates LnONO3 (Ln = Pr, Nd, and Sm-Yb)
Authors: Dill Simone , Meyer Hans-Jürgen
Published: February 2015

The lanthanide oxide nitrates LnONO3 with Ln = Pr, Nd, and Sm-Yb were synthesised by thermal decomposition of hydrated lanthanide nitrates. The compounds were refined isotypically to YONO3 in the tetragonal space group P4/nmm and the structure is closely related to the PbFCl-type. Because of the orientational disorder of NO3 − in this structure refinement a possible superstructure is discussed.

Together with the oxide ions, the metal ions form [Ln2O2]2+ layers, alternating with double (NO3)− layers. Lattice parameters were determined by powder X-ray diffraction, and the structure of HoONO3 was refined by Rietveld analysis. Some thermoanalytical data are given and magnetic properties were measured for LnONO3 with Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd.
A Single Crystal Study of RE14Co3In3 (RE = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er)
Authors: Zaremba Vasyl’ I. , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Dzevenko Mariya V. , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Heying Birgit , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2015

The rare earth-cobalt-indides RE14Co3In3 (RE = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er) were prepared in polycrystalline form from the elements by arc-melting. Small single crystals were grown through a special annealing sequence. The compounds were investigated on the basis of X-ray powder and single crystal data: Lu14Co2In3 (Gd14Co3In2.7) type, P42/nmc, Z = 4, a = 959.0(1), c = 2319.1(5) pm, wR2 = 0.055, 2289 F2 values, 65 variables for Y13.90Co2.99In3.02, a = 953.8(1), c = 2315.8(5) pm, wR2 = 0.108, 2357 F2 values, 65 variables for Tb13.92Co3.01In2.92, a = 949.24(3), c=2296.5(1) pm, wR2= 0.129, 2518 F2 values, 65 variables for Dy13.90Co2.97In2.95, a=946.3(1), c = 2289.0(5) pm, wR2 = 0.099, 2297 F2 values, 64 variables for Ho14Co2.80In2.89, and a = 941.0(1), c = 2274.2(5) pm, wR2 = 0.140, 2450 F2 values, 65 variables for Er13.83Co2.88In3.10. All RE14Co3In3 indides show a small degree of In/Co mixing (between 7 and 16% Co) on the 4c In1 site and defects on the 8g Co1 positions (between 84 and 95% Co). Except for the holmium compound, the RE14Co3In3 intermetallics also reveal RE/In mixing on the 4c RE1 sites, leading to the refined compositions. The seven crystallographically independent RE sites have between 9 and 10 nearest RE neighbors. The RE14Co3In3 structures consist of a complex intergrowth of rare earth based polyhedra. Both cobalt sites have a distorted trigonal-prismatic rare earth coordination. An interesting feature is the In2-In2 dumb-bell with an In2-In2 distance of 300 pm (for Ho14Co2.80In2.89). The crystal chemistry of the RE14Co3In3 indides is discussed.
Preparation, Characterization and Crystal Structure of Lead(II) Tricyanomethanide
Authors: Deflon Victor M. , Lopes Cassia C. de Sousa , Bessler Karl E. , Romualdo Lincoln L. , Niquet Elke
Published: February 2015

The so far unknown lead tricyanomethanide, Pb[C(CN)3]2, was obtained from a saturated aqueous solution of PbCl2 and solid AgC(CN)3. Its IR spectrum and thermal behaviour are described. The crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (trigonal, P31m, Z = 3, a = 1414.4(5), c = 409.02(6) pm, R1 = 0.0249, wR2 = 0.0527). Two crystallographically independent ninefold coordinated Pb atoms are connected by planar tricyanomethanide ions in two distinct bridging coordination modes. The Pb−N distances range between 254 and 293 pm.
Formation of Zinc Thiolates by Reductive Cleavage of Disulfides with the Zn/AlCl3 System in Aqueous Media, and their Use for Michael Addition
Authors: Movassagh Barahman , Zakinezhad Yousef
Published: February 2015

A simple, convenient, and efficient one-pot protocol for the reductive cleavage of disulfides and Michael addition to α,β -unsaturated carbonyl compounds mediated by the Zn/AlCl3 system in aqueous media is reported.
Synthesis and Properties of Some New 1,4-Dihydrothieno[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazepin-5-ones
Authors: Sabri Salim S. , El-Abadla Naser S. , El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Voelter Wolfgang
Published: February 2015

Methyl 3-aminothiophene-2-carboxylate reacts readily, in the presence of triethylamine, with hydrazonoyl chlorides (7a - c) to afford good yields of the corresponding N-arylamidrazones (8a - c). The latter acyclic adducts undergo, in the presence of t-BuOK/t-BuOH, cyclocondensation accompanied by elimination of the acetyl group present in 8, to deliver the respective thieno-1,3,4-triazepin- 5-ones 10a - c.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Oxynitride Y2Mo2O4.5N2.5 Pyrochlore: A Neutron Diffraction and Magnetic Study
Authors: Martínez-Lope M. J. , Casais M. T. , Alonso J. A.
Published: February 2015

A new molybdenum oxynitride Y2Mo2O4.5N2.5 with cubic pyrochlore structure (a = 10.3350(2) Å, space group Fd3̅m, Z =8) has been synthesized by heating the parent Y2Mo2O7 oxide in flowing ammonia at 898 K. The polycrystalline sample has been characterized by thermal analysis, X-ray and neutron diffraction (NPD), and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The analysis of high resolution NPD data, based on the contrast existing between the scattering lengths of O and N, shows that both atoms are distributed at random at the anion substructure; the refined crystallographic formula implies an oxidation state of +5.25 for Mo cations. The thermogravimetric curve shows a weight gain of 7.5% at 1000 K in air, corresponding to the complete elimination of N2 and oxidation to Mo(VI) oxide, in good agreement with the proposed composition. The magnetic susceptibility exhibits a Pauli-like, temperature-independent term which derives from the partial delocalization of Mo electrons on Mo-(O,N) bands with a broader bandwidth, as a consequence of the significant opening of the Mo-(O,N)-Mo angle and strengthening of the Mo-(O,N) interactions with respect to the parent Y2Mo2O7 oxide. As in this oxide, a reminiscent spin-glass behaviour is observed at low temperature.
Biotransformation of (–)-Caryophyllene Oxide by Cell Suspension Culture of Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Siddiqui Zafar A. , Khan Saifullah , Saifullah  , Musharraf Syed G. , Atta-ur-Rahman
Published: February 2015

Catharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures were employed for the biotransformation of (-)-caryophyllene oxide (1), and four metabolites, 15-hydroxycaryophyllene oxide (2), 4β ,5α- dihydroxycaryophyll-8(13)-ene (3), 2β -hydroxycaryophyllene oxide (4), and 2-hydroxy-4,5- epoxycaryophyllan-13-ol (5) were obtained. Metabolites 4 and 5 were found to be new compounds, and their structures were deduced by different spectroscopic techniques.
New Triterpenoidal Alkaloids from Buxus hyrcana
Authors: Meshkatalsadat Mohammad H. , Mollataghi Abass , Ata Athar
Published: February 2015

Phytochemical studies on the methanolic extract of the leaves of Buxus hyrcana pojark, collected in Iran, have resulted in the isolation of two new triterpenoidal alkaloids, (+)-2α,16β ,31- triacetylbuxiran (1), (+)-2α,16β ,31-triacetyl-9-11-dihydrobuxiran (2). Spectroscopic methods were used to elucidate the structures of these new natural products.
Von Ketazinen zu 1,2-Diaza-3-phospha-cyclopent-5-enen, -penta-3,5-dienen, 1,5-Diaza-2,6-diphospha-bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-3,7-dien und einem Cyclohexaphosphan / From Ketazines to 1,2-Diaza-3-phospha-cyclopent-5-enes, -penta-3,5-dienes, 1,5-Diaza-2,6-diphospha-bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-3,7-dien, and Cyclohexaphosphane
Authors: Armbruster Florian , Klingebiel Uwe , Noltemeyer Mathias
Published: February 2015

The dilithium salt of di(tert-butyl-methyl)ketazine 1 reacts with the bimolar amount of ClSiMe3 to give the di(tert-butyl-trimethylsilylmethylen)ketazine, 2. In the reaction of lithiated 2 and F2PN(iPr)2 the 1,2-diaza-3-phosphacyclopent-5-ene (3) is formed. The dichlorophosphanes Cl2PC6H5 and Cl2PCMe3 react with 1 in boiling toluene to give the 1,2-diaza-3-phosphacyclopentenes 4 and 5. The oxygen of the air oxidizes 5 to the 1,2-diaza-3-phosphacyclopent-5-ene 6. Equivalent amounts of H2O cleave the ring skeleton of 5, the tert-butyl-methyl-(tert-butyl-(tert-butylphosphino)methylketazine 7 being formed. The 1,2-diaza-3-phosphacyclopenta-3,5-diene 8 and the 1,5-diaza-2,6-diphospha- bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-3,7-diene 9 are the reaction products of 1 and PCl3 in toluene. 1 forms with HCl the hydrochloride 10. The 5-tert-butyl-1,2-diaza-3-phospha-cyclopenta-3,5-diene 11 is isolated from the reaction of 9 and MeLi. 11 is also obtained from PCl3 and tert-butyl-methyl-hydrazone in good yields. The cyclohexaphosphane 12 was formed in the reaction of 9 with Na/K alloy. The results of the crystal structure analyses of 2, 3, 6, 10, and 12 are reported.
Super-Exchange Interaction in a Chair-Piperazine Bridged Dicopper(II/II) Complex: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Magnetic Properties and Molecular Orbital Calculations
Authors: Zeyrek C. T. , Elmali A. , Elerman Y.
Published: February 2015

Reaction of the /i-bis(tridentate) ligand H3L' (L' = 1,3-bis[N-(5-cliloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)- 2-ainiiioetliylene]-2-(5-cliloro-2-hydroxy!phenyl)iniidazoliduie) with eopper(II) chlonde diliydrate gives the chair-piperazine bridged complex [Cu2(μ-L)Cl2]. The halves of the binuclear complex are related by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The intramolecular

Cu ・・・Cu separation is 6.954(3) Å. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements of the complex show a weak intramolecular antiferromagnetic eouphng. The super-exchange coupling constant (J) is - 10.5 cm-1. Semi-empirical extended Huckel molecular orbital (EHMO) calculations have been performed in order to gain msight into the molecular orbitals that participate in the super-exchange pathway.
Behavior of 1,3-Di(tert-butyl)-2,4-bis(tetramethylpiperidino)-1,3,2,4-diphospha- diboretane towards Boron Halides and Adduct Formation of a Bicyclo[1.1.0]diphosphadiboretane with Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [1]
Authors: Knabel Klaus , Nöth Heinrich , Paine Robert T.
Published: February 2015

While the diphosphadiboretane (tBuP=Btmp)2, 1, reacts with boron trihalides BX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) with BN cleavage producing a number of unidentifiable products, a new tricyclic BP ring system 2, containing B3P3, PB2C2 and C6 rings, results from the combination of PhBCl2 and 1. B-Chlorocatecholborane and 1 give access to the diborylphosphane 3, tmpBCl-PtBu-cat (cat = C6H4O2B). This shows that the selectivity of the reactions increases as the Lewis acidity of boron halide decreases. The structure of compounds 2 and 3 were determined by X-ray structure analysis. The bicyclic (tmpBP)2 4 forms no adducts with MeI, CF3SO2Me or Ph3C(SnCl5). However, it adds B(C6F5)3 to give 10, the first BX3 adduct of this bicycle that is fully characterized including its molecular structure.
Zinc Barbiturate Complexes with Bidentate N-Donor Ligands: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, Spectroscopic, Thermal and Voltammetric Studies
Authors: Yilmaz Fatih , Yilmaz Veysel T. , Bicer Ender , Büyükgüngör Orhan
Published: February 2015

Two new bis(5,5-diethylbarbiturato) (barb) complexes of zinc, [Zn(barb)2(en)] (1) and [Zn(barb)2(bpy)] ・H2O (2) [en = ethylenediamine, bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine], have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 crystallize in monoclinic space groups. The zinc(II) ions in complex 1 are tetrahedrally coordinated by two barb and an en ligand. The barb ligands are N-coordinated while the en ligand acts as a bidentate chelating ligand. One carbonyl oxygen atom of each barb ligands in complex 2 participates in the bonding with the zinc ion with remarkably long Zn-O bonds resulting in a highly distorted octahedral geometry. Molecules of complex 1 are connected via N-H ···O hydrogen bonds, involving hydrogen atoms of both barb and en ligands, while molecules of complex 2 are linked by N-H ···O and O-H ···O hydrogen bonds and also aromatic π(bpy) ···π(bpy) stacking interactions. The voltammetric behavior of complexes 1 and 2 was investigated in aqueous solution by cyclic voltammetry using a NH3/NH4Cl buffer. The cyclic voltammogram of 1 shows a cathodic peak at −1.260 V and an anodic peak at −1.068 V due to a quasi-reversible two-electron process. Complex 2 yields two reduction peaks at −1.312 and −1.412 V. The former corresponds to a quasi-reversible electrode process of the zinc(II) ions in complex 2, while the latter is attributed to the reduction of the coordinated bpy ligands.
Efficient and Convenient Procedure for Protection of Hydroxyl Groups to the THP, THF and TMS Ethers and Oxidation of these Ethers to their Aldehydes or Ketones in [BPy]FeCl4 as a Low Cost Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
Authors: Khosropour Ahmad R. , Khodaei Mohammad M. , Ghaderi Sattar
Published: February 2015

Alcohols were converted to the corresponding THP, THF or TMS ethers in high to excellent yields in 1-n-butylpyridinium chloroferrate media as a stable and low cost room temperature ionic liquid. In addition, oxidation of these ethers to their aldehydes or ketones without any overoxidation reactions in this ionic liquid was also performed.
Synthesis and Structure of NbPdSi
Authors: Valldor Martin , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: February 2015

The new silicide NbPdSi was prepared by melting the elements in an arc-furnace.Well-shaped single crystals were obtained by annealing the sample in an induction furnace. The structure of NbPdSi has been studied by X-ray powder and single crystal diffractometer data: TiNiSi type, Pnma, Z = 4, a=643.0(1), b=376.7(1), c=744.4(2) pm, wR2=0.0330, 346 F2 values, and 20 variables. The palladium and silicon atoms build up a three-dimensional [PdSi] network where each palladium atoms has a strongly distorted tetrahedral silicon coordination at Pd-Si ranging from 242 to 250 pm. The niobium atoms fill channels left in the [PdSi] network.
Eine leistungsfähige Synthese von Lepidokrokit (γ-FeOOH) durch Homogenfällung / An Efficient Synthesis of Lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) by Homogeneous Precipitation
Authors: Engel Günther , Hilsenbek Uwe
Published: February 2015

Well crystallized lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) with high phase purity can be prepared by precipitation from homogeneous solution. FeCl2 is oxidized with NaClO3 while heating the common solution slowly from 20 to 75 °C. Due to the buffer pyridine/HCl the pH-value changes only from 6.3 to 5.3. The product with the specific surface of about 16 m2/g has been characterized by several methods, especially by thermal analysis.
Two-Carbon Ring Enlargement of Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered 1-Aza-2-vinylcycloalk-2-enes with Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate and Subsequent Thermal Isomerization Reactions
Authors: Maas Gerhard , Reinhard Robert , Herz Hans-Georg
Published: February 2015

2-Aminodienes, in which the enamine function is incorporated in a five-, six-, or seven-membered ring, react with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in a sequence of [2+2] cycloaddition and electrocyclic ring-opening to form the two-carbon ring expanded unsaturated heterocycles, i.e., 3,4- dicarboxylate substituted 6,7-dihydro-1H-azepines 3, 8 and 21, 1,6,7,8-tetrahydroazocines 22, and 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1H-azonines 13. Similarly, 2-[(2-thienyl)ethynyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepine 9 is converted into 2-[(2-thienyl)ethynyl]-6,7,8,9-1H-azonine-3,4-dicarboxylate 10 which was characterized by X-ray structure determination. The eight- and nine-membered azaheterocycles 22 and 13, which have not been isolated, undergo thermal isomerization at elevated temperatures. Thus, ring contraction by a 6π-electrocyclic reaction takes place for N-methyl substituted azonine 13, while the N-allyl moiety of azocines 22 engages in an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction or a 1,7- electrocyclization reaction