bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Digital Competencies for Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters Lead to an Intelligent Headquarters
Authors: Kerdsawad Suppasan , Lekcharoen Somchai
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The study aims to enhance digital competencies towards establishing an Intelligent Headquarters within the Royal Thai Armed Forces.
 
Theoretical Framework: It leverages third-order confirmatory factor analysis based on the Rough set Delphi theory to evaluate digital competencies.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed-method approach is adopted, combining qualitative insights from 21 experts with quantitative data from 600 individuals, using EFA and CFA for analysis.
 
Findings: A validated model highlights six primary and eighteen secondary factors crucial for digital competency, including Digital Literacy, Communication, Management, Analysis, Development Tools, and Performance.
 
Implications: The model provides a strategic framework for officers to enhance digital competencies, essential for transitioning to an Intelligent Headquarters, offering implications for organizational development and digital transformation strategies.
A Classification Essay on Islamic Poetry in New Turkish Literature
Authors: Yilmaz Arif , Çiçek Mustafa
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to define Islamic poetry, explore its analytical methodology, and provide examples that illustrate its thematic concepts within modern Turkish poetry.
 
Methods: To achieve these objectives, the study employs the document analysis method, which is a qualitative research approach. The analysis focuses on modern Turkish poetry, examining examples across eight distinct categories of Islamic poetry.
 
Results: The analysis of Islamic poetry within modern Turkish literature reveals its diverse manifestations across various thematic categories. These include Islamist Poetry, Turkish-Islamic Poetry, Sufi Poetry, Islamic Mystical Poetry, Islamic Metaphysical Poetry, Islamic Cultural Poetry, Religious Poetry, and Islamic Romantic Love Poetry. Each category is exemplified with a poem, showcasing the rich tapestry of Islamic sensibility, motivation, and thematic concepts present in modern Turkish poetry.
 
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the enduring influence of Islam on Turkish poetry, both historically and in contemporary times. Through the exploration of Islamic poetry across different thematic categories, the study illustrates the depth and breadth of Islamic sensibility within modern Turkish literature. The researchers' conclusions drawn from the analysis further contribute to our understanding of the role of Islamic poetry in shaping cultural and literary discourse in Turkey.
Policy on The Prevention and Control of Tobacco Harm in Vietnam
Authors: Nhung Pham Thi Hong , Hung Nguyen Vinh
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the article research the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam, point out several limitations, shortcomings, and propose recommendations to complete the legal system concerned.
 
Theoretical framework: The research employs theories about the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam, regulations on the prevention and control of tobacco harm, and mechanisms apply in Vietnam.
 
Design/methodology/approach: The research employs three common methods in legal science research: (1) Legal analysis method; (2) Legal efficiency evaluation method; and (3) Comparative legal method. The above research methods help compare and contrast theories on the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam and bring out some essential findings.
 
Findings: Some valuable findings have been revealed such as the formulation and development of the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam, some theoretical issues, and limitations on regulations of the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam.
 
Research practical and social implications: The article proposes some tasks remaining undone, and further tasks will be fulfilled in the future. The article may support many developments in future research in Vietnam.
 
Originality/value: The research on the policy on the prevention and control of tobacco harm in Vietnam become more and more urgent and very important in Vietnam.
Citizen Power as A Sustainable Transformation of Population Services
Authors: Mayasiana Nur Aini , Prayitno Hadi , Helpiastuti Selfie Budi , Wahyudi Edy
Published: April 2024

Background: The emergence of the New Public Service (NPS) paradigm was a response to shifts in public administration, with an emphasis on democratic values, community participation, and services oriented towards the public interest. Within the Jember Regency Population and Civil Registration Service, challenges in serving the public are evident, highlighting the necessity for a transformation towards NPS-based services.
 
Theoretical Foundation: The NPS paradigm places a strong emphasis on community participation in decision-making and policy implementation, diverging from the NPM approach, which prioritizes business aspects. Key principles of the NPS encompass service to citizens, participatory processes, transparency, and prioritization of the public interest.
 
Method: This research employs a qualitative phenomenological approach to explore individual experiences concerning public services within the context of the Jember Regency Population and Civil Registration Service. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observation, and documentation, with analysis utilizing the Miles and Huberman method.
 
Research Results: The transition from the NPM to the NPS paradigm spanned over 12 years, involving changes in policies, organizational culture, and the attitudes of public servants. Despite the innovations in service development, comprehensive evaluation is necessary to ascertain adherence to NPS principles.
 
Research Implications: This research offers a comprehensive insight into the transformation of public services at the regional level through the lens of the NPS paradigm. The Jember Regency Population and Civil Registration Service demonstrates a commitment to providing more effective, efficient, and responsive services.
 
Research Originality: This research addresses a notable gap in previous studies by concentrating on citizen-powered service innovation at the Jember Regency Population and Civil Registration Service, within the framework of the NPS paradigm. Consequently, this study provides a novel contribution to the comprehension of public service transformation at the local level.
Perspectives of Vietnamese Students and Teachers Regarding the Preservation of Languages of Ethnic Minorities
Authors: Ha Linh Thi Kim , Le Thang Van , Phan Long Thanh , Nguyen Lien Thi Bich , Dam Anh Thi Van
Published: April 2024

Background: In today’s globalized world, ethnic minority languages face an increasing threat of extinction, both on a global scale and within specific countries. The urgent need to preserve and promote awareness of these languages among younger generations cannot be overstated.
 
Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate the perspectives of students regarding ethnic minority languages, as well as the efforts undertaken by teachers and schools to safeguard and preserve these languages.
 
Methods: A sample of 3,250 ethnic minority students and 646 teachers actively participated in this research, allowing for a rich and diverse range of viewpoints to be gathered.
 
Results: The findings of this study revealed that students hold a deep appreciation for their native languages and possess a keen understanding of the imperative nature of their preservation. It is heartening to note that schools and teachers have also been actively engaged in implementing various initiatives and policies to protect and promote ethnic minority languages.
 
Conclusion: While it is important to acknowledge the existence of challenges and obstacles in this endeavor, the overall results paint an encouraging picture. The fact that students value and embrace their ethnic minority languages, alongside the commitment demonstrated by educational institutions and teachers, provides hope for the continued existence and resilience of these linguistic treasures.
 
Originality/value: It is through the dedication and collective efforts of all stakeholders involved that ethnic minority languages can defy the threat of extinction and thrive for generations to come.
Children's ingestion of blister beetles causing cantharidin poisoning: two pediatric cases in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfaifi Musa , Aldweikh Eman , Alshahrani Ohood , Elgari Daad , Alshahrani Rawan
Published: April 2024

Background: Cantharidin, a toxic substance produced by Meloidae (Coleoptera family) beetles, poses serious health risks upon ingestion, including renal impairment, hematemesis, altered consciousness, electrolyte imbalances, and hematuria.
Case Report: This study presents two pediatric cases of cantharidin poisoning resulting from the biting of Meloid beetles. Case 1 involved a 2-year-old exhibiting hematuria and vomiting, while case 2, a 9-month old, presented with agitation, lethargy, and hematuria. Both cases required intensive care and supportive management.
Conclusion: These cases highlight the clinical manifestations of cantharidin intoxication in children following exposure to Meloid beetles. Early recognition of symptoms, prompt medical intervention, and close monitoring are crucial in managing cantharidin poisoning, for which no specific antidote currently exists.
Strategies for optimizing the use of local electronic catalogs in the procurement process
Authors: Pawe Dominika Odelberta Gaudenzia , Utami Intiyas , Man Stanis
Published: April 2024

Metode e-purchasing melalui katalog elektronik local (KEL) merupakan instrumen yang digunakan untuk mendukung belanja pemerintah. Upaya ini berfokus pada PDN dengan memberi peran bagi UMK dan Koperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan KEL, mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat, dan merumuskan strategi optimalisasi penggunaan KEL dalam proses pengadaan barang/jasa pada pemerintah provinsi. Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Pendekatan pemangku kepentingan digunakan untuk menganalisis permasalahan ini. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpulkan data. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa perangkat daerah sebagai pengguna KEL belum sepenuhnya memahami perencanaan PBJ. Meskipun masih terdapat kendala, dalam pelaksanaan, PPK dan PP mendapat keuntungan dan memahami cara belanja melalui e-purchasing. Faktor pendukung yaitu adanya dukungan pelaku PBJ, Pengguna dapat memilih penyedia dengan harga barang/jasa yang kompetitif, serta adanya dukungan regulasi. Faktor penghambat yaitu kurangnya pemahaman dan konsistensi perangkat daerah terhadap kebijakan penggunaan KEL, produk barang/jasa, dan penyedia pada etalase KEL masih terbatas dan mekanisme pertanggungjawaban belanja belum optimal. Strategi optimalisasi yakni sosialisasi dan pendampingan secara terpadu terkait kebijakan penggunaan KEL, melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi secara berkala, pengawasan internal terhadap kinerja dan keuangan oleh APIP, meningkatkan jumlah produk dan penyedia pada etalase yang sudah tersedia, menambah jenis etalase sesuai analisa kebutuhan daerah, dan memperbarui kebijakan mengenai mekanisme pertanggungjawaban keuangan daerah.
تجليات التضاد في كلمات بابا طاهر العريان(ت401هـ)
Authors: Zaki Hassan Hashyar
Published: April 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تقديم تصور جمالي لنص نثري يعود للعلامة الصوفي بابا طاهر العريان اللوري الكردي في كتاب بعنوان (تفسير نصوص بابا طاهر العريان) بما يتماشى مع الطريقة قدم عين القثات الهمداني (ت525هـ) في تفسيره لهذه النصوص. ولذلك يهدف البحث إلى استكشاف ثنائيات التضاد في هذه النصوص لمعرفة تجليات هذه التضاد ووظائفها الجمالية غير العادية في إيصال المعاني والرموز والتأويلات. ومن المؤمل أن يسبر المنهج الحالي نصوص العريان النثرية ذات التوجه الجمالي لمعرفة البنى التي تحتوي على ثنائيات متضادة وحيويتها وفعاليتها والمعاني الضمنية المرتبطة بها.
Eco-centric Theory: Environmental Conscious Constitution
Authors: Hasibuan Rangga Hotman
Published: April 2024

Many national constitutions incorporate elements of environmental constitutionalism, yet the absence of these provisions in some countries indicates suboptimal implementation. This normative juridical research investigated the key factors that influence a country's decision to embrace environmental constitutionalism based on historical case studies of countries that have amended their constitutions in this area, underscoring the contextual background as a pivotal influence on the constitutional amendment process. This environment inevitably shaped the amendment process, exposing it to a variety of influential factors. The research concluded by emphasizing critical strategies necessary for successful constitutional amendments, including aligning environmental protection with national values, leveraging crises, addressing economic factors thoroughly, and garnering the requisite political support from both the public and politicians.
Crowdsourcing and Public Participation to Advance Global Environmental Protection
Authors: Ghasemi Shadi , Tayebi Sobhan
Published: April 2024

The principles of international environmental law provide a robust framework for analyzing the legal dynamics of environmental hazards. Central to this framework is the principle of participation, which is pivotal in enhancing environmental protection and mitigating the progression of environmental hazards. By leveraging methods like crowdsourcing, this principle can foster a more engaged public involvement in safeguarding the biosphere. This research explores participatory democracy, access to information, public decision-making, and environmental litigation as fundamental approaches to achieving the objectives of international environmental legislation. It aims to illuminate the two-way interaction between these elements and assess the feasibility of actualizing the participation principle through crowdsourcing. The research examines the effectiveness of crowdsourcing as a tool for implementing this principle in supporting and protecting the environment. By reviewing and analyzing relevant sources, the article posits that increasing stakeholder participation, including civil groups and individuals, can enhance the effectiveness of environmental legislation and advance social and environmental justice. It advocates for the creation of platforms that facilitate information sharing and stakeholder engagement, along with mechanisms to ensure accountability and balance power, as crucial strategies for effective environmental governance.
The Role of UNCLOS 1982 in Maintaining and Protecting the International Marine Environment
Authors: Kusuma Anita Dian Eka , Putra Akbar Kurnia
Published: April 2024

The disposal of nuclear waste into the Sea of Japan is a complex and contentious issue that intertwines international law and environmental concerns. Japan, a major producer of nuclear waste, faces international pressure to manage this waste according to global legal and environmental standards. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides a framework for managing marine resources, including waste disposal, but ambiguities in the law complicate the definition of state responsibilities. From an environmental perspective, the disposal of nuclear waste could have long-lasting detrimental impacts on marine ecosystems and human health, emphasizing the need for sustainability in decision-making processes. Moreover, international conventions like the Espoo Convention and the Aarhus Convention stress the importance of public participation in environmental governance, advocating for civil society's involvement to ensure public interests and concerns are addressed. This research aims to analyze Japan's disposal actions and explore the role of UNCLOS 1982 in protecting the international marine environment, using a normative juridical approach to examine legal conflicts, gaps, and ambiguous norms.
Assessment of the performance of Romanian Public Health Units in identifying and conducting antimicrobial susceptibility testing for healthcareassociated infection-causing pathogens
Authors:   Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Romania, CÎRSTEA ALEXANDRA ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, POPA CONSTANȚA ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, IVAN CRISTINA-GABRIELA ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, DINULESCU GABRIEL-CĂTĂLIN ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, SORESCU GEORGETA ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, DUMITRAN IOANA-DIANA ,   Association for Quality in Medical Laboratories (CALILAB), Romania, MAREȘ NICOLETA ALINA ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania, VASSU-DIMOV TATIANA ,   Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2024

Detecting health-associated infectious (HAIs) is crucial as HAIs can pose a significant threat to patient safety, particularly among vulnerable populations such as the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those undergoing invasive medical procedures. Also, it is important to monitor the ef-fectiveness of antibiotics and identify the resistance patterns of microorganisms to ensure appropriate treatment options. Bacteriology external quality control programs provide a means for laboratories to assess their performance and identify areas that require improvement. By participating in such pro-grams, laboratories can evaluate their procedures, equipment, and personnel to ensure that they are producing reliable and accurate results because the External Quality Control (EQC) programs are carried out by medical laboratories using identical procedures as those used for handling patient samples. Our investigation centered on the performance of Romanian Public Health Units in identifying bacteria and conducting antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Bacteriology EQC programs associated with some of the most prevalent HAIs, such as blood infections, respiratory infections, and postoperative infections.
La "perspectiva" en la gramática
Authors: Oviedo A. Tito Nelson
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Emotividad y expresión lingüística en la comunicación cotidiana
Authors: Oviedo A. Tito Nelson
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Discurso matemático. Consideraciones Teóricas y metodológicas para la enseñanza funcional del francés
Authors: De Vizcaíno Gilma M.
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Balance between tourism and environment: measuring tourists' implicit and explicit attitudes toward visual conservation messages. The genuine article
Authors:   Tecnológico de Monterrey (México), Alvarado-Herrera Alejandro , Olivares Brenda ,   Grupo X'caret (México), Cabrera Irais ,   Universidad de Sonora (México)
Published: April 2024

Visual messages are widely used to positively influence in conservation attitudes of visitors in tourist destinations, these are usually persuasive or prohibitive. According to the literature, attitudes are classified as explicit (conscious) or implicit (beyond conscious control) and there may be differences between them towards the same attitude object. This paper aim to presents the analysis of said attitudes towards prohibitive and persuasive visual messages focused on the correct disposal of garbage in a tourist attraction. A structured questionnaire was used for explicit measurement and the Implicit Association Test for implicit measurement, these were applied in two sun and beach destinations in the Mexican Caribbean. After the tests carried out, it is established that both messages (persuasive and prohibitive) are effective at an explicit level; however, at an implicit level, the persuasive message produces more favorable attitudes, thus is a better opportunity to positively influence conservationist attitudes.
La Agenda 2030 en la Organización Mundial del Turismo: comunicando sostenibilidad
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Bernabé Fraguas Javier , García Lerena Elisa ,   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España)
Published: April 2024

Tourism is an international asset that generates incomes that place it among the main economic activities of many countries. There is growing concern about the sustainability of tourism. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) is the international reference organization in charge of aligning this economic sector with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This research has focused on showing how the UNWTO follows the 2030 Agenda in the design of its campaigns. Through the review of academic sources, UNWTO campaigns and the semi‐structured interview conducted with its communication director, the type of communication for social change that the institution carries out to promote sustainable tourism has been identified. The UNWTO has made a great effort to communicate the 2030 Agenda as its effective roadmap, despite not giving the task as concluded. The communication designed and implemented is a tool for sustainable development.
Dinamizacion turistica comarca Minera de Tharsis (Huelva)
Authors:   Universidad de Huelva (España), Romero Macías Emilio Manuel , Terrones Saeta Juan María ,   Universidad de Cádiz (España)
Published: April 2024

Mining in the province of Huelva is more than 5000 years old; one of the most important areas, together with Riotinto, is Tharsis. The aim of this work is to present a tourism revitalization plan for this mining area, focused on the valorization of the industrial heritage as a tourist resource. The main objective is to promote the sustainable development of the region, diversify its economy and promote the conservation of the environment. The plan covers from the analysis of the available tourism resources to the implementation of promotion strategies, infrastructure and community participation.
Ruptured Cerebral Abscess Presenting as Catatonia: A Case Report
Authors: Mahato Apurba Narayan , Patel Natasha , Mudaliyar Satyanarayanprabhu
Published: April 2024

Catatonia is a complex syndrome having both neurological and psychiatric manifestations. It has a long history of connection with psychiatric illnesses. Despite being a distinctive clinical syndrome, catatonia often goes unrecognized in both psychiatry and neurology clinics. In the following case report, we demonstrate a case of a massive ruptured brain abscess, presenting primarily as catatonia.
Gaucher disease: A review of MSK MRI protocol and peripheral skeletal MRI findings
Authors: Husain Rola , Aziz Arleen , Corcuera-Solano Idoia , Simpson William , Huang Mingqian , Dayan Etan
Published: April 2024

Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. It results from a glucocerebrosidase deficiency, causing deposition of undegraded glucosylceramide, predominantly in the reticuloendothelial system. The purpose of this article is to detail our institution’s magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for GD, review its axial and appendicular skeletal MRI characteristics, and suggest clinically relevant radiology reporting tips.
ВЛИЯНИЕ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ СКОРОСТИ ОБРАБОТКИ ПРОГРАММНЫХ ДАННЫХ НА МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Authors: Базарова А.М.
Published: April 2024

Текущие достижения и инновации в промышленности требуют развития, в том числе современных средств метрологического обеспечения. Прогресс в области создания различного рода сенсоров, внедрение в производство Интернет вещей, связанных с Индустрией 4.0, приводят к росту промышленности и развитию экономики. Современные средства измерений являются во многом интеллектуальными, благодаря удешевлению производства вычислительных мощностей, что позволило создавать и объединять умные датчики в промышленную инфраструктуру с поддержкой Интернета вещей. Цифровая метрология, использование умных датчиков, приборов и оборудования – это важные направления развития, которые пользуются значительным спросом с тенденцией к дальнейшему увеличению. Представлен обзор перспектив, связанных с последними технологическими разработками в области метрологии, ее роли в Индустрии 4.0 и возникающих проблем ее развития.
The Effect of Soil Type on Touch Voltage and Step Voltage in the Grid Grounding System
Authors: Fitriani Ayu , Panjaitan Joel , Syahputra Syofyan Anwar
Published: April 2024

The grounding system is one of the security systems in substations to channel excess voltage caused by lightning strikes that occur at substations, as well as electrical equipment. To design a grounding system, there are several factors that must be considered, including the type of soil, the configuration of the grounding system, the resistivity of the soil, and the condition of the surrounding environment. The aim of this research is to determine the safe limits in the substation grid grounding system which is influenced by the type of soil and influences the touch voltage and step voltage, which can be dangerous to humans. The method used is simulation with the Finite Element Method (FEM) in the ETAP application. Finite Element Method (FEM) is a method that uses image mediation by assuming that the grounding system is an equipotential structure. The test results were deliberately carried out with larger substation area parameters and different soil types, so that the differences between the influence and appearance of touch voltage and step voltage can be seen clearly.
Comparative Analysis of Purification and Characterization Process of Phycocyanin Pigment from Spirulina Subsalsa with Arthrospira Platensis from Mexico
Authors:   Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Mexico, FDJ Bonilla-Ahumada , S Khandual ,   Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Mexico, JA García -Fajardo ,   Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Mexico, RM Camacho-Ruíz ,   Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Mexico, JD Padilla de la Rosa ,   Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Mexico
Published: April 2024

The Arthrospira maxima, Spirulina major, and Spirulina subsalsa are plenty available in Mexican lakes and ponds. This cyanobacterium is used as an important dietary supplement due to its high protein content and vitamins. However, the most commercial strain in use is A. platensis, and very few reports exist on other Spirulina species from Mexico and their potential phycocyanin production. To use at a commercial scale, it is essential to evaluate native strains in an efficient purification process. In this work, we demonstrated the potential of Spirulina subsalsa for phycocyanin pigment production and purification process, compared with native A. platensis from Mexico. The biomass yield with S. subsalsa was 4.50±0.10 g/Lt, which was higher than A. platensis, which was 1.36 g/lt. The crude phycocyanin pigment from S. subsalsa was 267±0.37 mg/g, whereas 221±0.04mg/g in the case of A. platensis. After partial purification, we found a higher purity grade in S. subsalsa, with a higher yield and a recovery percent of 39.75%. In the case of A. platensis, after partial purification, the recovery percentage was 35.37. After ionic chromatography purification, the purity of phycocyanin was 2.57±0.03 in the case of S. subsalsa, whereas 1.91±0.02 in the case of A. platensis. SDS gel electrophoresis demonstrated two phycocyanin bands showing 17 kDa and 12 kDa in the case of both species. The two-step purification process functions very well for S. subsalsa species, whereas A. platensis demonstrated efficiency with one step. The extracted C-PC from S. Sulsalsa is safe as per the cytotoxicity assay.
Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography – high-resolution mass spectrometry for complex protein digest analysis using parallel gradients
Authors: van den Hurk Rick S. , Lagerwaard Bart , Terlouw Nathan , Sun Mingzhe , Tieleman Job , Verstegen Anniek , Samanipour Saer , Pirok Bob W.J. , Gargano Andrea
Published: April 2024

Despite the high gain in peak capacity, online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC×LC-HRMS) has not yet been widely applied to the analysis of complex protein digests. One reason is the methods' reduced sensitivity that can be linked to the high flow rates of the second separation dimension (2D ). This results in higher dilution factors and the need for flow splitters to couple to ESI-MS. This study reports proof of principle results of the development of an RPLC×RPLC-HRMS using parallel-gradients (2D flow rate of 0.7 mL min-1) and its comparison to shifted gradient methods (2D of 1.4 mL min-1) for the analysis of complex digests using a QExactive-Plus MS. Shifted and parallel-gradients resulted in high surface coverage (SC) and effective peak capacity (SC of 0.6226 and 0.7439 and an effective peak capacity of 779 and 757 in 60 minutes). When applied to a cell line digest sample, parallel-gradients allowed higher sensitivity (e.g., average MS intensity increased by a factor of 3), allowing for a higher number of identifications (e.g., about 2600 vs 3900 peptides). In addition, reducing the modulation time to 10s significantly increased the number of MS/MS events that could be performed. When compared to a 1D-RPLC method, parallel RPLC×RPLC-HRMS methods offered higher separation performance (FHWH from 0.12 to 0.018 min) with limited sensitivity losses resulting in an increase of analyte identifications (e.g. about 6000 vs 7000 peptides).
Mitigation of Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms by Electrochemical Ozonation: From Bench-scale Studies to Field Applications
Authors: Yang Shasha , Quispe Cardenas Luz Estefanny , Fariha Athkia , Shetewi Nada , Melgarejo Cazares Victor , Yang Nanyang , McCaffrey Lewis , Wright Nicole , Twiss Michael , Wang Siwen , Grimberg Stefan , Yang Yang
Published: April 2024

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (HABs) are an emerging threat to ecosystems, drinking water safety, and the recreational industry. As an environmental challenge intertwined with climate change and excessive nutrient discharge, HAB events occur more frequently and irregularly. This dilemma calls for fast-response treatment strategies. This study developed an electrochemical ozonation (ECO) process, which uses a Ni-Sb-SnO2 anode to produce locally concentrated ozone (O3) on electrodes to inactivate cyanobacteria and destroy microcystins within minutes. More importantly, the proof-of-concept was evolved into a full-scale boat-mounted completely mixed flow reactor for the treatment of HAB-impacted lake water at a treatment capacity of 544 m3/d and energy consumption of < 1 Wh/L. Both lab-scale and full-scale investigations show that the byproducts (e.g., chlorate, bromate, trihalomethanes, and haloacetic acids) in the ECO-treated lake water were below the regulatory limits for drinking water. The whole effluent toxicity tests suggest that ECO treatment at 10 mA/cm2 posed certain chronic toxicity to the model invertebrate (Ceriodaphnia dubia). However, the treatment at 7 mA/cm2 (identified as the optimum condition) did not increase toxicity to model invertebrate and fish (Pimephales promelas) species. This study is a successful example of leveraging fundamental innovations in electrocatalysis to solve real-world problems.
ART-SM: Boosting Fragment-based Backmapping by Machine Learning
Authors: Pfaendner Christian , Korn Viktoria , Gogoi Pritom , Unger Benjamin , Pluhackova Kristyna
Published: April 2024

In sequential multiscale molecular dynamics simulations, which advantageously combine the increased sampling and dynamics at coarse-grained resolution with the higher accuracy ofatomistic simulations, the resolution is altered over time. While coarse-graining is straightforward, the reintroduction of the atomistic detail is a non-trivial process called backmapping. Here, we present ART-SM, a fragment-based machine learning backmapping framework that learns the Boltzmann distribution from atomistic data to switch from coarse-grained to atomistic resolution seamlessly. ART-SM requires minimal user input and goes beyond state-of-the-art fragment-based approaches by selecting from multiple conformations per fragment to simultaneously reflect the coarse-grained structure and the Boltzmann distribution. Additionally, we introduce a novel refinement step to connect individual fragments via optimization of specific bonds, angles, and dihedral angles in the backmapping process. We demonstrate that our algorithm accurately restores the atomistic bond length, angle, and dihedral angle distributions for various small molecules of up to three Martini coarse-grained beads and that the resulting high-resolution structures are representative of the original coarse-grained conformations. Moreover, the reconstruction of the TIP3P water model is fast and robust, and we illustrate that ART-SM can be, in principle, applied to larger molecules as well, indicating its potential extension to more complex molecules like lipids, proteins, and macromolecules in the future.
4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives as the first potent NOD1-RIPK2 signaling pathway inhibitors at the nanomolar range with potential anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: BARCZYK Amélie , SIX Perrine , RIVOAL Morgane , DEVOS Claire , DEZITTER Xavier , CORNU-CHOI Min-Jeong , HUARD Karine , PELLEGRINI Erika , CUSACK Stephen , DUBUQUOY Laurent , MILLET Régis , LELEU-CHAVAIN Natascha
Published: April 2024

Inflammation is a defense mechanism that restores tissue damages and eliminates pathogens. Among the Pattern Recognition Receptors that recognize danger or pathogenic signals, Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain 1 and 2 (NOD1/2) have been identified to play an important role in innate immunity responses and inhibition of NOD1 could be interesting to treat severe infections and inflammatory diseases. In this work, we identified the first selective NOD1 vs NOD2 pathway inhibitors at the nanomolar range based on a 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold. We demonstrated that NOD1 inhibition occurs through the inhibition of Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (RIPK2), involved in its downstream signaling pathways. Compound 37 demonstrates no cytotoxicity, a selectivity for RIPK2 over Epithelial and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR/VEGFR) and a capacity to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 secretion. The structure of the RIPK2-compound 37 complex was resolved by crystallography. The 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold offers novel perspectives to design NOD1-RIPK2 inhibitors, potentially useful to treat inflammatory diseases.
How does HF-DFT achieve chemical accuracy for water clusters?
Authors: Kaplan Aaron , Shahi Chandra , Sah Raj , Bhetwal Pradeep , Kanungo Bikash , Gavini Vikram , Perdew John
Published: April 2024

Bolstered by recent calculations of exact functional-driven errors (FEs) and density-driven errors (DEs) of semi-local density functionals in the water dimer binding energy [Kanungo et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2023, 15, 323], we investigate approximate FEs and DEs in neutral water clusters containing up to 20 monomers, charged water clusters, and alkali- and halide-water clusters. Our proxy for the exact density is r2SCAN50, a 50% global hybrid of exact exchange with r2SCAN, which may be less correct than r2SCAN for the compact water monomer but importantly more correct for long-range electron transfers in the non-compact water clusters. We show that SCAN makes substantially larger FEs for neutral water clusters than r2SCAN, while both make essentially the same DEs. Unlike the case for barrier heights, these FEs are small in a relative sense, and become large in an absolute sense only due to an increase in cluster size. SCAN@HF produces a cancellation of errors that makes it chemically accurate for predicting the absolute binding energies of water clusters. Likewise, adding a long-range dispersion correction to r2SCAN@HF, as in the composite method HF-r2SCAN-DC4, makes its FE more negative than in r2SCAN@HF, permitting a near-perfect cancellation of FE and DE. r2SCAN by itself (and even more so, r2SCAN evaluated on the r2SCAN50 density), is almost perfect for the energy differences between water hexamers, and thus probably also for liquid water away from the boiling point. Thus the accuracy of composite methods like SCAN@HF and HF-r2SCAN-DC4 is not due to the HF density being closer to the exact density, but to a compensation of errors from its greater degree of localization. We also give an argument for the approximate reliability of this unconventional error cancellation for diverse molecular properties. Finally, we confirm this unconventional error cancellation for the SCAN description of the water trimer via Kohn-Sham inversion of the CCSD(T) density.
De Abreu, Belinha S. (2022). Media literacy for justice: lessons for changing the world.
Authors: Keiser Barbie E.
Published: April 2024

Book Review
ScS shear-wave splitting in the lowermost mantle: Practical challenges and new global measurements
Authors: Wolf Jonathan , Long Maureen D.
Published: April 2024

Many regions of the Earth's mantle are seismically anisotropic, including portions of the lowermost mantle, which may indicate deformation due to convective flow. The splitting of ScS phases, which reflect once off the core-mantle boundary (CMB), is commonly measured to identify lowermost mantle anisotropy, although some challenges exist. Here, we use global wavefield simulations to evaluate commonly used approaches to inferring a lowermost mantle contribution to ScS splitting. We show that due to effects of the CMB reflection, only the epicentral distance range between 60° and 70° is appropriate for ScS splitting measurements. For this distance range, splitting is diagnostic of deep mantle anisotropy if no upper mantle anisotropy is present; however, if ScS is also split due to upper mantle anisotropy, the reliable diagnosis of deep mantle anisotropy is challenging. Moreover, even in the case of a homogeneously anisotropic deep mantle region sampled from a single azimuth by multiple ScS waves with different source polarizations (in absence of upper mantle anisotropy), different apparent fast directions are produced. We suggest that ScS splitting should only be measured at "null" stations and conduct such an analysis worldwide. Our results indicate that seismic anisotropy is globally widespread in the deep mantle.
Effect of hormonal therapy on bone mineral density of breast cancer women
Authors: Hasan Mussttaf , Alaa , Abid Ibreheem , Hamid , Jabbar Hasan Yusra
Published: April 2024

Background: Aromatase inhibitor (AI) was received by breast cancer women with estrogen receptor-positive. The estrogen is the main stimulator for receptor-positive breast cancer cells development and growth, the adjuvant hormone ablation targeting estrogen can decrease the likelihood of cancer recurrence and prolong cancer-free survival.
Objective: To determine the effect of this therapy on bone mineral density of women who received it.
Patients and Methods: It was identified 100 women with local or regional breast cancer diagnosed and who received AI therapy in the January 2022 to February 2023 from Baqubah teaching hospital/Oncology Centre. It was used DEXA scan to determine the bone minerals density of 50 women after different years from receiving hormonal therapy and other 50 breast cancer women before receiving hormonal therapy.
Results: It was shown that there is a significant difference (p<0.0001) in the spine and hip density of breast cancer women who received AIs compare with the bone density of other breast cancer women who did not receive it. 
Conclusion: It can conclude that Als plays an essential role for osteoporosis that reduce the quality of health and increase the risk of fraction in the breast cancer women.
Daflon 500mg is used for the treatment of all grades of hemorrhoids
Authors: Taher Barzinjy Saman
Published: April 2024

Background: Hemorrhoidal diseases are very common diseases found in surgical outpatient clinics, affecting populations all over the world. Treatments for the different grades of hemorrhoids include lifestyle changes, conservative medical therapy, and operative interventions.
Objective: To assess the conservative treatment response of all grades of hemorrhoidal disease (grades 1-4) to a venotonic agent (Daflon 500mg).
Patients and Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 196 patients with hemorrhoids, conducted during the period from January 2015 to January 2020, All treated with the standard dose of a venotonic agent (Daflon 500mg). An observation of the reduction and disappearance of the signs and symptoms of the different grades of the disease was done at 1, 3, and 6 months.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.6 (range 14–85) years. The majority (41.84%) were diagnosed with grade III hemorrhoidal disease and 30.1% with grade II disease; Grade I and Grade IV constitute 9.69% and 18.37%, respectively. excellent improvement observed in about 72.45%, temporary response seen in 15.82% of cases.
Conclusion: Daflon 500 mg is an effective first-line conservative treatment for all four grades of hemorrhoidal diseases, including grade 4, which has a 44.74% permanent response rate. This medical treatment, in turn, reduces the chance of surgical intervention and its complications.
Subjective items to be considered in lipoabdominoplasty procedures under epidural anesthesia to increase their satisfaction
Authors: N. Mohammed , Haidar , A. Qaradaxi Kurdo
Published: April 2024

Background: Patient satisfaction is increasingly recognized as a vital indicator of healthcare service quality. It aids in identifying healthcare system shortcomings and improving patient trust. Factors influencing patient satisfaction during anesthesia services have been studied globally, but there is a lack of research in the context of lipoabdominoplasty under combined lumbar spinal-epidural anesthesia (CLSEA).
Objective: To evaluates patient satisfaction with lipoabdominoplasty under CLSEA, focusing on various intraoperative factors that may affect satisfaction.
Patients and Methods: This prospective observational cross-sectional study included adult patients undergoing lipoabdominoplasty under CLSEA without complications. Patients completed a structured questionnaire assessing satisfaction with intraoperative care. The questionnaire addressed factors related to the information provided, decision-making involvement, physical comfort, emotional support, and respect for patient values.
Results: The questionnaire encompassed three types of questions: anesthesia quality, factors causing intraoperative annoyance, and patient-team interaction. The majority of patients found epidural anesthesia favorable. Factors causing moderate annoyance included surgery duration, stress, fixed position, feeling cold, and shivering. Patients reported low annoyance with factors like team discussions, anxiety, surgical light, dizziness, thirst, itching, nausea, vomiting, noise, pain, and dyspnea. Patients generally had a high rate of good reactions toward the surgical team, but less than 50% requested more respect and thorough medication information.
Conclusion: This study offers insights into patient satisfaction with lipoabdominoplasty under CLSEA, shedding light on factors affecting their experiences. The findings underline the importance of addressing patient concerns and expectations to enhance overall satisfaction and quality of care.
Synthesis of Benzylpenicillin esters and evaluate the change in the anti-bacterial effects by Docking and bacteriological study
Authors: Abdulrahman alsheikhly , Omar , R. Ganjo , Aryan , Sardar Abdulrahman , Hayman , Y. Issa Sanaa
Published: April 2024

Background: Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic that possesses effectiveness mainly against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. The carboxylic acid of beta-lactam is essential for its antibacterial activity. However, many prodrugs have been produced through the esterification of this carboxylic acid group, like Pivampicillin.
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effects of Benzylpenicillin when the free carboxylic acid mask with different chemical groups of different polarity.
Patients and Methods: Four Benzylpenicillin derivatives (compounds p1-p4) were chemically synthesized through the esterification of the carboxylic acid group with different groups of different polarity, and the antibacterial activities were examined by docking and bacteriological studies.
Results: All the compounds showed different antibacterial results. The docking results showed that; the compound of the highest polarity (compound p1) has the best Binding energy. Also; The results of in vitro antibacterial activity showed that; compound p1 had the largest zones of inhibition and the highest antibacterial activity among all the other compounds.
Conclusion: Masking the free carboxylic acid of benzylpenicillin with polar group will enhance the antibacterial activity.
Comparison of short-wave diathermy, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of electrotherapy methods and exercise therapy in chronic low back conditions
Authors: Gh. Abdulkarim , Eman , Taher Ali Ronak
Published: April 2024

Background: Low back pain is a significant contributor to global disability, impacting individuals across different age groups. Research suggests that around 80% of people will encounter low back pain at some stage in their lives. This condition is more prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, with a higher occurrence among females. The socioeconomic consequences of low back pain are substantial, including increased healthcare expenses, absenteeism from work, and a diminished quality of life.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of short-wave diathermy with exercise, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with exercise, and exercise alone among patients with chronic low back pain.
Patients and Methods: 75 patients who were diagnosed with chronic low back pain, ages 20–50, participated. They were divided into three groups: group A received shortwave with exercise, group B received TENS with exercise, and group C received just exercise. Treatment was given for 12 sessions over a period of 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated before and after treatment using a visual analog scale and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire.
Results: The results showed that all three interventions were effective in reducing pain and improving physical activities, with varying degrees of success. But also, the result showed that the mean difference for the short wave with exercise is much higher than both the TENS with exercise and the exercise alone types of interventions in each of the different categories, respectively.
Conclusion: This study has shown that shortwave exercise is more effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain than TENS with exercise and exercise alone.