bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Infection in Commercial Layer Farms in Rajshahi District Using Rapid Serum Plate Agglutination Test
Authors: Kabir Aurangazeb , Al Masum Md. Obaidullah , Yasmin Most. Sabina , Sarwar Md. Golam , Hossain Md. Shamim , Alam Md. Emtiaj , Ahmed Soshe , Rahman Mohammad Mahbubur
Published: August 2021

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection is very common in birds that cause respiratory infections in chickens, turkeys, and other avian species. It has brought about a considerable amount of financial losses to the poultry sector in Bangladesh. We conducted a study on the Seroprevalence of MG infection in two different geographical areas of Bangladesh under Rajshahi district, namely Paba and Bagmaraupazila. 800 sera samples were collected and tested with Rapid Serum Plate Agglutination Test (RSA) to identify the MG antibodies using commercial Mycoplasma gallisepticum antigen. The gross Seroprevalence of MG infection was 59.25% in the study area. The maximum rate (68.80%) of infection was found in the winter season, followed by the summer season (49.36%). The result further revealed that the condition was higher (69.01%) in larger-sized flocks than in small (53.63%). We noticed that younger birds having 10-20 weeks of age are more prone to be affected with avian mycoplamosis with an infection rate of 72% compared to their adult counterpart of 71+ weeks with 52% morbidity. Our study revealed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is prevalent in Paba and Bagmaraupazila in Rajshahi. The farms should take strict bio-security measures to mitigate this infection in the mentioned areas. Proper medications for the affected birds and timely prophylactic measures for the healthy ones could be practical and preventive strategies against avian mycoplasmosis. Amid limitations, we conducted our experiments, and thus further research is warranted to substantially assess and validates our observations.
Growth Performance and Digestibility of Starter Broiler Chicks Fed Diets Containing Different Duration of Fermented Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Seed Meal
Authors: Gang I. Y. , Abang F. B. P. , Shaahu D. T.
Published: August 2021

A nutrient retention and growth performance study were conducted with broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of different duration of fermented baobab seed meal (FBSM). Fermented baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds were ground and incorporated in the diets at 12% dietary level. Diet 1 (control diet) had no BSM. Diet 2 had unfermented BSM. Diets 3, 4 and 5 had baobab seed meal (BSM) fermented for 48 h, 72 h and 96 h, respectively. Two hundred and forty (240) Arbor Acre chicks at one-week old were weighed and distributed to these dietary treatments. The five (5) treatments were replicated four (4) times in a completely randomized design, with 12 birds per replicate (48 per treatment). The diets did not significantly (p>0.05) influenced Feed intake, final body weight, feed conversion ratio and protein intake across treatments. The body weight gain and protein efficiency ratio of the chicks fed 96 h fermented BSM were not significantly (p>0.05) different with those fed control diet but were significantly (p<0.05) higher than chicks of other treatment groups. Starter broiler chicks fed T4 had significantly (p<0.05) higher nutrient digestibility parameters across treatments, except for EE and CF that were highly digested by chicks fed T3 and T1 respectively. In conclusion the performance of broiler chicks fed 96 h FBSM competed favorably with those fed control diet, whereas, chicks placed on 72 h FBSM recorded better result of nutrient digestibility.
Magnetic Field Measurements by the Satellite Systems: A Review
Authors: Lin Jyh-Woei
Published: August 2021

Recently, in real-time the Disturbance storm time (Dst) indices observing by Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) was performable using so-called Goes-Magnetometer. Dst index is a geomagnetic index, which is the L1 data with the lead time, to detect geomagnetic storms with the lead time. Geomagnetic storms affected human activity and caused economic losses. Therefore, Dst index is a very important index. The past recorded contributions of corresponding Satellites were introduced. Now, in real-time Dst indices observing by Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-16) (Goes-Magnetometer) was performed. However, the Dst index was not the issue in this study.
Dynamic Behavior for a Coupled Nonlinear Oscillator Model with Distributed and Discrete Delays
Authors: Feng Chunhua
Published: August 2021

— In this paper, the oscillatory behavior of the solutions for a coupled nonlinear oscillator model with distributed and discrete delays is investigated. Time delay induced partial death patterns with conjugate coupling in relay oscillators has been investigated in the literature. According to the practical problem, the propagation delays are not only the discrete delays, but also with distributed delay. A model includes distributed and discrete delays is considered. By mathematical analysis method, the oscillatory behavior of the coupled nonlinear oscillator model is brought to the instability of the uniqueness equilibrium point and the boundedness of the solutions. Some sufficient conditions are provided to guarantee the oscillation of the solutions. Computer simulations are given to support the present results. Our simulation suggests that the two theorems are only sufficient conditions.
Simulation techniques of Archimedean Copula Estimators: Parametric and Semi-Parametric Approaches
Authors: Idiou N. , Benatia F.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we look at two different approaches methodologies for copula estimation. The first is based on a parametric approach using MLE and IFM methods, while the second is entirely based on Kendall's tau and spearman's rho in a semi-parametric context, where the margins are estimated non-parametrically. Interestingly, based on R software simulation techniques, the contribution of their algorithms, approach, and illustration was our main focus for this paper. As an application, a class of Archimedean copulas was notably chosen. This particular class of copulas was also presented for censored data to show the estimator's performance even better.
Use of Operating Theatre Background Music: Opinion of Patients
Authors: Ijah Rex Friday Ogoronte A. , Aaron Friday E. , Elenwo Solomon N. , Dayi Joy O. , Ofuru Vitalis O. , Oko-Jaja Rose E.
Published: August 2021

Aim: To determine the opinion of patients on the use of operating theatre background music in tertiary health care facilities in Port Harcourt.

Background: Music finds application in almost all spheres of society due to some beneficial effects. It has been used among patients in the intensive care setting, among hypertensives with associated lowering the systolic blood pressure, among endoscopy patients with significantly improved pain score and significantly reduced anxiety, for pain relief and relaxation, and also for expectant mothers in labour.

Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among patients from March to June 2020 in two multispecialty tertiary healthcare facilities in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Using semi-structured questionnaires and convenience sampling method, 425 respondents were recruited. Data collected was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.

Results: Four hundred and two (94.6%) respondents loved listening to music at home. Two hundred and seventy-three (64.2%) respondents preferred to listen to music in operating theatre. Preference for timing of music usage in theatre was variable: before, during and after surgery. One hundred and forty-four (33.9%) respondents asserted that they would love to listen to music in theatre during surgery. Two hundred and thirty-three (55.5%) respondents asserted that there was no background music during their last surgery.

Conclusion: Majority of patients were desirous of the use of music in the operating theatre, while a few others thought otherwise.
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Patel Mehrie Harshad , Mishra Sakshi , Barot Ketul S. , Naik Saloni H. , Browne Angelina , Ahmed Zara , Ranganathan Hemalatha Tumkur , Lahori Simmy , Patel Vraj S. , Gupta Siddharth , Bano Ghulam Shahar , Shaikh Hassaan , Bhatt Kinal Paresh , Jamal Muhammad , Diaz Miguel , Harpern John , Derenoncourt Vladimir , Leroy Natalie , Gotlin Douglas , Prado Luis Del
Published: August 2021

Looking at the current scenario of the global pandemic with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the dramatic rise of variant COVID-19 cases it is reasonable to reason that one’s immunity (innate, adaptive, or passive) plays a vital role in an individual’s susceptibility as well as the severity. While the population is getting passively immunized with vaccination, the innate and adaptive immune response should also be emphasized. Vitamins and minerals play an important role in developing and modulating the immune response in the human body. Of which, one is, Vitamin D. Besides playing a major role in Calcium metabolism, Vitamin D is involved in modulating various immune system pathways to contain the virus, which includes dampening Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry and replication, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, increasing the synthesis of a natural antimicrobial peptide, and activating protective cells such as macrophages that can kill SARS-CoV-2. Vitamin D also possesses a neuroprotective property that is linked to the modulation of neurotrophins. In the current situation of the pandemic, an important connection between Vitamin D deficiency and poor health outcomes in COVID-19 patients have been reported. Furthermore, adequate Vitamin D levels were linked to a lower risk of unconsciousness and hypoxia. Vitamin D deficiency affects over half of the world's population. A low serum concentration of Vitamin D is a risk factor for acute respiratory tract infection. Vitamin D supplementation, on the other hand, is linked to a reduced risk of acute respiratory tract infections. Here, we conducted a literature review of publicly available information to summarize the link between Vitamin D levels and the severity of COVID-19 infection. The main objective of this manuscript is to review and provide information reported by published literature from publically available papers on online databases regarding the significance of Vitamin D in immune response and its prophylactic and therapeutic role in the management of COVID-19.
The Theoretical Value of the Hubble Constant Ho and Unification of the Fundamental Forces of Nature
Authors: Rivera Paul Cadelina
Published: August 2021

The Hubble constant Ho represents the speed of expansion of the universe and various cosmological observations and modeling methods were utilized by astronomers for a century to pin down its exact value. Determining Ho from cosmological observations is a long and tedious process requiring highly accurate datasets. To circumvent this need, a simple theoretical approach is introduced in this study which uses the concept of gravitational weakening and seismic-induced recession. As tremors occur among celestial objects, their gravitational fields would also change. This resulted in a fundamental relation of Ho and the computed rate of recession that gives a theoretical value for Ho=69.921 Km/s/Mpc. Using the newly discovered seismic-induced gravitational weakening and time dilation, it is possible that various astrophysical methods using different measurement methods would converge to this theoretical Ho value when cosmological distances and time delay measurements are corrected with the simple formulas we derived. The new model assumes that, as quakes occur in celestial objects, luminosity-induced acceleration and high-energy collision of protons and electrons may produce a massive number of neutrinos, quarks and other subatomic particles. Furthermore, the fine structure constant was found to be inversely proportional to Ho-squared and that the fine-structure constant obtained in this study gives a new physical interpretation of α. New relations for the speed of light, orbital velocity, gravitational force and the Hubble constant were further derived from the new recession constant using approximate relations for the Newtonian and electric force constant. This resulted in a modified gravitational law that is both repulsive and attractive and a theoretical explanation of the phenomenon of light-induced gravitation analogous to the electromagnetic force where photon is the force-carrier. Finally, the fundamental forces of gravitation, electromagnetism and strong nuclear force are now unified.
Identifying Variable Stars from Kepler Data Using Machine Learning
Authors: Adassuriya J. , Jayasinghe J. A. N. S. S. , Jayaratne K. P. S. C.
Published: August 2021

Machine learning algorithms play an impressive role in modern technology and address automation problems in many fields as these techniques can be used to identify features with high sensitivity, which humans or other programming techniques aren’t capable of detecting. In addition, the growth of the availability of the data demands the need of faster, accurate, and more reliable automating methods of extracting information, reforming, and preprocessing, and analyzing them in the world of science. The development of machine learning techniques to automate complex manual programs is a time relevant research in astrophysics as it’s a field where, experts are dealing with large sets of data every day. In this study, an automated classification was built for 6 types of star classes Beta Cephei, Delta Scuti, Gamma Doradus, Red Giants, RR Lyrae and RV Tarui with widely varying properties, features extracted from training dataset of stellar light curves obtained from Kepler mission. The Random Forest classification model was used as the Machine Learning model and both periodic and non-periodic features extracted from light curves were used as the inputs to the model. Our implementation achieved an accuracy of 86.5%, an average precision level of 0.86, an average recall value of 0.87, and average F1-Score of 0.86 for the testing dataset obtained from the Kepler mission.
Holistic Ministry based on the Synoptic Gospels and Relevance to Contemporary Generation
Authors: Totok Dwikoryanto Matius I. , Daliman Muner , Suparti Hana , Purwoko Paulus Sentot
Published: August 2021

Holistic service for youth and youth is the basic thing today because youth and youth are the present generation for the future of the church. By using descriptive qualitative methods, it can be concluded that the holistic ministry for youth and youth carried out by church leaders is able to build today's generation that continues to have an impact on the world and is also expected to bring Christian education that has one clear and definite goal/direction, namely knowing, loving , believe in, obey and serve God according to His will and plan and for His glory.
Studi Konsumsi Energi di Kantin Keluwih Universitas Surabaya
Authors: Irawati Fenny , Kartikasari Fitri Dwi
Published: August 2021

Telah dilakukan studi konsumsi energi di kantin Keluwih Universitas Surabaya (UBAYA) sebagai langkah awal untuk menentukan desain pemanfaatan energi alternatif yang tepat guna di kantin tersebut. Kajian diawali dengan melakukan survei konsumsi energi di kantin Keluwih untuk mengetahui kebutuhan energi di kantin. Konsumsi energi ini diukur dari energi yang dipergunakan untuk penerangan (lampu), pendingin ruangan (AC), dan peralatan elektronik lainnya (televisi, blender, rice cooker, kompor listrik, dll.) serta bahan bakar yang dipakai untuk memasak. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner yang diberikan kepada pengelola kantin serta penyewa stan di kantin Keluwih. Dari data yang diperoleh dapat diketahui peta konsumsi energi di Kantin Keluwih dan berdasarkan survei yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi energi di Kantin Keluwih didominasi oleh energi listrik yang jumlahnya berkisar 600 kWh/hari.
“PATRON” Inovasi Drone Untuk Membantu SATGAS COVID-19 Mencegah Penyebaran Virus Pada Kerumunan
Authors: Azhra Fariza Halidatsani , Jati Nayoko Prasetyo
Published: August 2021

Abstract—COVID-19 be a concern in all countries because of its rapid spread through droplets or airborne. The COVID-19 Task Force recorded that 1.4 million Indonesians were exposed to the virus. The government has established health protocols, one of which is social distancing. However, as time goes by, people's awareness of the dangers of COVID 19 is decreasing. Many people violate health protocols and crowd in various places. Based on these problems, a disease transmission prevention tool is designed to reducing the spread of the virus. The method used in this research is Kano Model. From the results of the voice of customer and Kano Model analysis, it was found that the drone that consumers want is have a disinfectant in the form of 360⁰ UVC rays, sound transmission in the form of a mic along with speakers, both of which are included in the attractive category, while the one-dimensional category is a temperature gauge in the form of infrared rays to help detect the symptoms of the COVID-19 virus. The presence of PATRON is expected to help the COVID-19 Task Force in an effort to prevent the transmission of the COVID-19 virus. 

Keywords: disease transmission tool, kano model, covid-19

 

Abstrak—Virus COVID 19 menjadi perhatian di berbagai negara dikarenakan penyebaranya yang cepat melalui droplet atau airborne. Berdasarkan data SATGAS COVID 19 tercatat sejumlah 1,4 juta penduduk indonesia terpapar virus. Pemerintah menetapkan berbagai protokol kesehatan untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran virus, salah satunya yaitu menjaga jarak. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu kesadaran penduduk akan bahaya COVID 19 semakin berkurang. Banyak masyarakat yang melanggar protokol kesehatan dan berkerumun di berbagai tempat. Sebagai langkah mengurangi jumlah kerumunan, dibutuhkan sebuah alat untuk membubarkan kerumunan dengan tujuan mengurangi penyebaran virus. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dirancang disease transmission prevention tool. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan desain alat adalah Model Kano. Dari hasil voice of costumer dan analisis Model Kano, didapatkan hasil bahwa drone yang dihendaki oleh konsumen yaitu memiliki disinfektan berupa sinar UVC 360⁰, transmisi suara berupa mic beserta speaker, kedua hal tersebut termasuk kedalam kategori attractive, sedangkan kategori one dimensional yaitu pengukur suhu berupa sinar infrared untuk membantu mendeteksi gejala virus COVID-19. Kehadiran PATRON diharapkan dapat membantu membantu SATGAS COVID-19 dalam upaya pencegahan penularan virus COVID-19.

Kata kunci: disease transmission tool, model kano, covid-19
Approval of the Constitution of Czechoslovakia in 1920 and the evolution of the constitutional and legal status of Podkarpatska Rus as part of the republic
Authors: Landovsky Ya. E.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the constitutional and legal status of Subcarpathian Russia under the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Republic of February 29, 1920. Special attention is paid to the legal regulation of the highest state authorities of Czechoslovakia, as well as the position of national minorities in the country. Certainly, the First World War destroyed the political system and borders in Europe, which led to the creation of independent states, including Czechoslovakia. The newly created state faced a number of important tasks. The issues of state building, political system and establishing harmonious interethnic interaction between citizens were of paramount importance. Stabilization of the internal situation and success in the international arena were ensured by the adoption of a basic law - the constitution. After all, the constitution is the highest law of the country, which regulates the most important political and legal relations in it, establishes the basic provisions of law and order.

It was established that the problem of Subcarpathian Russia was properly and in detail covered in the Constitution, although the terms of the Small Saint-Germain Peace Treaty on the "territory of the South Carpathian Ruthenians" did not require it. Nevertheless, both Czechoslovak specialists in state and legal issues and politicians of the republic considered it not only necessary but also necessary, primarily for state reasons, to fix the problem of the eastern province of the republic, Subcarpathian Russia, in the Constitution. Such a fixation, they believed, would demonstrate the sovereign right of the Czechoslovak Republic to the territory of Subcarpathian Russia, the constitutional legality of the region's membership in the Czechoslovak state. Demonstration of this right only by a separate law on the autonomy of Subcarpathian Russia would be insufficient, it would even feel some temporary solution to the problem.
The place and role of official observers from foreign states and international organizations in elections: the experience of Ukraine and foreign countries
Authors: Martselyak O.V. , Martselyak M.O.
Published: August 2021

The article states that formation of representative state and local self-governmental authorities is an important stage of state formation. And the legitimacy of both their conduct and the representative public authorities in Ukraine depends on the extent to which it will be carried out within the framework of the election legislation and the extent to which the domestic legislator will provide anti-fraud factors and safeguards against mass violations of various elections.

            National and foreign practice proves that the institution of election monitoring that is represented by various observers who contribute to the conduct of election campaigns on a democratic basis in accordance with the electoral standards developed by the international community, is rather effective in this respect.

            In Ukraine, the status of official observers is granted to: 1) official observers from candidates, parties (organizations of parties) - subjects of the election process, 2) official observers from public organizations which are duly authorized to have official observers in the relevant elections, 3) official observers from foreign states and international organizations who can observe the election process.

            The Electoral Code of Ukraine defines the status of official observers differently, in particular, official observers from foreign states and international organizations are not recognized as subjects of the election process. However, this does not diminish their role in monitoring the electoral process in Ukraine by the legality of the actions of its subjects. The introduction of the institution of official observers from foreign states and international organizations is seen as expression of trust between states and as evidence of the intention of these countries and international organizations to contribute to the democratization of the electoral process in the world.

             The paper reveals the legal nature of official observers from foreign states and international organizations, highlights the standards of legal status of official observers from foreign states and international organizations developed by international organizations, considers national and foreign experience of legal regulation of their status and substantiates provisions on necessity for improvement of national electoral legislation on this basis.
Women’s election right in Ukraine in the aspect of protecting their political rights
Authors: Petrechenko S.A.
Published: August 2021

Democratic societies must enable men and women to participate equally in all spheres of life, including politics, in particular at the highest levels of socially important decision-making. For almost 30 years of Ukraine’s independence, issues of gender equality have still not been resolved. The Constitution of Ukraine guarantees equality in rights and responsibilities regardless of race, color, age, property status, place of residence, religious, political, ideological be¬liefs, ethnic and social origin, language and other characteristics. Ukrainian legislation guarantees equality between men and women. Equality of rights in politics regardless of gender is defined at the international level by the Univer¬sal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimi¬nation, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, and the Convention on the Political Rights of Women. Today, gender equality is one of the fundamental areas of legislative and political activity in the modern world. The goals set by our state to ensure gender equality are to overcome the limitations of their rights and opportunities for self-realization in the private and public spheres, both at the legislative level and in real life. In order to find possible solutions to this problem, the article illustrates the main international and regional regu¬lations governing gender equality in Ukraine, analyzes the state of equality in relation to future women politicians de facto, formed possible measures to influence to ensure the observance of women’s political rights, protection of their violated rights, preventive measures and increase the influx of women into politics in Ukraine. Monitoring of existing programs for the protection of women’s suffrage has become the subject of this work, as well as an assessment of the current state of this reality in our country. The focus was on the relationship between policy officials and women who are being expelled, violated their rights, disregarded gender equality and improperly enforced electoral quotas.
Functions of democracy in the organization of the judiciary and the administration of justice
Authors: Sinyobok M.S.
Published: August 2021

The main scientific achievements of foreign and domestic legal scholars in the field of research of the functions of rights in general are analyzed in order to reveal the concept of the functions of the people's right to the formation of justice and the mechanism of their implementation.

It is pointed out that in the legal literature there is almost no legal construction of the right of citizens to form (participate) in the formation (organization) of the judiciary. Therefore, in view of the above, the concept of the right of the people to form and implement justice through the prism of political rights, which are the guideline that promotes the realization of democracy, has been clarified. This clarifies the meaning and essence of political rights, in particular, the right to elect power and the right to participate in government.

Emphasis is placed on the fact that the Constitution of Ukraine proclaims the fundamental principle of a democratic state: "The bearer of sovereignty and the only source of power in Ukraine is the people." This principle provides an opportunity for the people to independently form a vision of their future and the future of the state, to determine the powers and composition of public authorities, which are responsible for meeting the expectations of the people, and to control their activities is difficult.

It is established that society controls the functioning of the court not only through the participation of citizens in the judicial process as jurors and lay judges, but also through the mechanisms of election of judges and their recall. That is, through the exercise of the right to form the judiciary and administer justice. Therefore, given that the formation of the judiciary by the people is carried out through elections, we consider it necessary to fully clarify the content and type of functions of democracy in the exercise of such a right, to explore the functions of elections in general.
Analysis of the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights on the application of the euthanasia procedure
Authors: Shafi O.O. , Lyashenko K.V.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the problems of euthanasia and the realization of the human right to suicide with the help of others in the context of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Rights, the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The authors focused on finding the necessary compromise between protecting the patient's right to life, which is a positive commitment of the state, and protecting the patient's right to respect for private life and individual independence. The main positions of the European Court of Human Rights on the possibility of use in euthanasia and in which cases are analyzed step by step.

In each case, it was described under what conditions the applicants had applied to the Court and what the difference was between the cases. It is emphasized what the Court relied on in resolving each individual case. It is stated how the Court interprets the possibility of applying Article 2 of the Convention in a negative light and in what cases and under what conditions the Court considers it necessary to apply the principle of “ratione personae”. It is indicated what is the main difference between active and passive euthanasia, and in which countries any of the forms of termination of life of a sick person is allowed, regulated and clearly regulated. It is noted that the issue of application or discontinuation of treatment was considered taking into account many objective factors that are taken into account in each case. Also, attention is paid to the analysis of the court's position on the importance of the role of the state in matters of termination of life, where countries should be given discretion in deciding on disconnection from artificial life support. Separately, the main risks of legitimizing euthanasia are emphasized, in particular, the authors point to the need to improve and comply with the imperative norms in each country to ensure the fulfillment of the positive responsibilities of each state.
Legal fact as the grounds of real rights termination to someone else's things
Authors: Ilkiv O.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the grounds for the cessation of real rights to foreign things in order to further develop the theoretical foundations for the settlement of the transition of real rights.  The foundations of the emergence of legal relations are analyzed, the elements of which are real rights to foreign things, and the legal facts of their termination are compared.  The article describes the will of the subjects of real relations on termination of real rights as a dispositive factor, as well as comparative orders relating to circumstances that are not based on a contractual basis.  The contract may be a legal fact that is the basis of the emergence of obligatory and real legal relations.  The grounds for the emergence and termination of real relations are largely dependent on the peculiarities of the object, the real relations and the purposes of their use, where depending on the type of real rights to foreign things will be determined by their legal regime.  The legal relationship that arises on the basis of the contract is mixed in nature, covering the obligatory and real legal nature of its components.  Investigated that the administrative act of the authority of power can not act as a direct basis for the termination of real relations that arose on the basis of the contract without its termination.  Therefore, the administrative act recognize the element of the legal composition, which ends with the termination of contractual relations.  The refusal to use someone else's property should be considered as a subjective real right of any subject of real rights, which is given this civil law.  The author came to the conclusion that in the event of the occurrence of the circumstance provided for a hypothesis of the legal norm, it can be considered as a legal fact, which is associated with the termination of real relations.  The legal consequences of the mechanism of law accession are the appointment of certain rights and responsibilities of participants in civil legal relations or legal relations as a whole.  In view of this, in the work it is proposed to improve the classification division of the grounds of termination of legal relations with strangers.
Consideration of artificial intelligence through the prism of legal personality
Authors: Rustamzade A.H. , Aliyev I.M.
Published: August 2021

The article notes that today the global problem is the almost complete absence of normative legal regulation of the functioning and activities of artificial intelligence and standardization in this area should be implemented at the global level. However, the world community is just beginning to realize the real and potential nuances of the influence of fully automated systems on vital areas of social relations, on the growth of ethical, social and legal problems associated with this trend. The authors poses the question of who will directly be responsible for the wrong decision implemented in life proposed by “artificial intelligence” and various options for answering it are proposed. Only a conscious subject can be the subject of responsibility, and since weak systems do not have autonomy, on them, i.e. artificial intelligence cannot be blamed. Measures of legal liability are simply not applicable to it, for example, the elementary impossibility of artificial intelligence to recognize the consequences of its harmful actions.

In conclusion, it is proved that with all its development and the speed of information processing, many times exceeding even the potential capabilities of a person, artificial intelligence remains a program with material and technical support tied to it. Only a person is responsible for the actions of mechanisms, is tested for strength. As for the direct responsibility of artificial intelligence, in the current legal and social conditions, the question of its hypothetical responsibility is of a dead-end nature, since the measures of legal responsibility are simply inapplicable to it, for example, it is elementary for artificial intelligence to realize the consequences of its harmful actions. Even if artificial intelligence can simulate human intelligence, it will not be self-aware, and therefore artificial intelligence can in no way claim any special fundamental rights
The use of electronic evidence in civil cases, arising from loan agreements, concluded in electronic form
Authors: Chvankin S.A.
Published: August 2021

This scientific article based on the analysis of case law, examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of electronic evidence in cases arising from loan agreements concluded in electronic form. Emphasis is placed on process of judicial proving in the most common categories of cases in judicial practice: in civil cases of debt collection under a loan agreement and cases on recognition of such agreements as invalid or unconcluded.

The range of legally significant circumstances that are included in the subject of proof in cases of debt collection under a loan agreement is determined. The range of court evidence used in judicial practice to prove to the court the presence or absence of the circumstances of the subject of evidence in these cases is outlined.

There is a relationship between the facts of the subject of proof, and the need to study and evaluate court evidence that confirms the fact of concluding a loan agreement only in conjunction with evidence that confirms the transfer of funds to the borrower. It is proved that the fact of concluding a loan agreement cannot be established by a court without establishing the fact of transferring funds to the borrower.

There is a contradiction between the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On Electronic Commerce» and the provisions of the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine on the classification of evidence submitted in electronic form and/or in the form of paper copies of electronic communications related to electronic transactions, written or electronic evidence, and a method for resolving this contradiction is proposed.

It is emphasized the importance for the court to pay special attention to the means of identification of the parties to the electronic transaction to determine the appropriate parties in resolving cases arising from loan agreements concluded through information and telecommunications systems. The conclusion is made about the possibility of procedural complicity on the part of the defendant if in the course of the trial was established that the loan was issued to one person, and the funds under the contract were transferred by the financial institution to another person's bank account.
REGARDING THE SUBJECT OF THE CONTRACT FOR THE SUPPLY OF MATERIAL RESOURCES TO MILITARY UNITS (LEGAL ENTITIES UNDER PUBLIC LAW)
Authors: Pavlovskyi O.
Published: August 2021

In accordance with Part 2 of Art. 17 of the Constitution of Ukraine, military units, first of all, are the bearers of power and act in public relations as subjects of realization of the goal set by the state in the form of repulse of possible aggression from outside, and therefore the main tasks, internal structure, subordination, reporting and control in this area is governed by constitutional and administrative law. However, in some cases, the military unit for the implementation of its tasks may act as an independent entity in civil law, and therefore, certain relations are governed not only by constitutional, administrative, economic, but also civil law. This paper will deal with contractual obligations.
The supply contract is extremely important in providing Ukraine, its subjects and state entities with the necessary goods, performance of works, provision of services. In essence, the institute of contract law is a legal means of implementing state policy in the field of industrial production, construction, national defense, social assistance, science, culture, the implementation of basic social and production tasks. Currently, there is a trend aimed at increasing the budget funds used through public procurement.
In this regard, an urgent problem is the effective legal regulation of public relations related to the supply of goods for public use. The regulatory framework governing these legal relations must be transparent, understandable to all participants in trade and procurement operations, operational on changes in socio-economic conditions in the country, have an anti-corruption orientation. The quality of goods purchased for the state also remains a long-standing problem.
One of the topical issues for the science of civil law is the question of the subject of the contract, with which the Central Committee of Ukraine connects the conclusion of the contract, its validity and some other significant circumstances. According to case law, disputes arising from the contract are usually complicated by non-compliance by the parties with the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine on the subject of the contract.
The article analyzes the subject of the contract for the supply of material resources to military units. Military units are considered by the author as legal entities of a subject of public law.
Directions of reforming the national police as an element of public administration of Ukraine
Authors: Nesterenko K.O. , Trotsay YU.V
Published: August 2021

The consideration of the main normative acts regulating and accompanying the process of reforming the units of the National Police as a part of the public administration in Ukraine is offered.It was stated that the current state of the National Police does not fully meet the challenges and realities of today. Police reform should not be a process for the sake of the process, the end result should be systemic change, this requires a clear understanding of the stages of reform, their regulatory support at both strategic and tactical levels and performance based on certain indicators. In the area of regulatory support for police reform, it should be noted a certain inconsistency, ie even in the presence of documents at the strategic level, it is noted that some systemic elements of the reform are not clearly spelled out, which leads to legal confusion and delays. It is believed that systemic changes are required by the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses and a number of bylaws, including: in terms of depoliticization of the National Police and financial issues of its work; creation of a system for assessing the work of the police on the basis of the level of public confidence by conducting an independent opinion poll; overcoming the impunity of law enforcement officers and in order to strengthen their personal responsibility through identification, which will provide additional opportunities for influence and participation of citizens to improve the activities of the police. It was stressed that comprehensive reform of the entire security and defense sector is urgently needed for Ukraine. At the same time, the National Police cannot be reformed as a separate declared project - a model of law and order, as its activities are constant interaction with the executive, the National Guard, the State Emergency Service, the State Migration Service, the Border Service and the Armed Forces. prosecutor's office, courts, etc. All this necessitates a review of the organizational structure and functions of these bodies to achieve balance, coordination and effectiveness of their actions and, as a consequence, to achieve the key goal of reforming the National Police - the trust of citizens.
Legal settlement in the inland water shipping of Ukraine
Authors: Paida Y.
Published: August 2021

The creation of legal incentives in the field of shipping is a prerequisite for improving the economic well-being of society and, as a consequence, a priority of Ukrainian domestic policy. The need for more effective control and supervision in the field of shipping, ensuring a higher level of safety, detection, termination and elimination of vi¬olations of the law, requires close attention to this problem by both the state and its authorized bodies in general. So, the development of Ukraine’s inland waterways requires the improvement and advancement of shipping and appropriate infrastructure. The article deals with the legal framework for navigation in inland waterways of Ukraine and it is defined the concept of organization of water transport activities. It is outlined the structured system of water transport management bodies of Ukraine which is oriented towards the goal defined by the public interest, with the help of both legal and material means, as well as it ensures the achievement of the desired result, the final goal re¬garding the safe and economically efficient functioning of the water transport industry. It is also discussed the legal framework for navigation in inland waterways of Ukraine in detail and defined the concept of water transport activ¬ities organization. The object of administrative regulation, modified in connection with the transition to market re¬lations by improvement of the structure and normative base of central executive bodies activities, has been studied.The author pays considerable attention to the state management and regulation of economic activity in inland waterway transport and responsibility for the rules violation of navigation in inland waterways of Ukraine. It is proposed to introduce new more improved levers and methods of managing the transport services markets and directly the participants of the transport process providing it, that is, shipping companies.
EU migration policy: modern paradigms
Authors: Sokurenko V.A. , Khryakova N.O.
Published: August 2021

The issue of migration policy of the European Union in the modern world is a researched and discussed phenomenon in scientific circles, as the European Union positions itself as a democratic entity with a liberal orientation, which enshrines and protects the right of every person to freedom of movement, so management aims to ensure this value.
The originality of the article is seen in identifying the key stages of formation and development of migration policy of the European Union, the main risks of today, highlighting the need to reform the existing mechanism, proposals for key vectors of development. The article suggests possible ways to minimize existing risks and threats.
To investigate this issue analyzed Directive 2011/98 / EC on a single application procedure for a single permit for third-country nationals to reside and work in a Member State and on a common set of rights for third-country workers legally residing in a Member State, Directive 2004/38 / EC of 29 April 2004, Council Directive 2003/109 / EC of 25 November 2003 on the status of third-country nationals who are long-term residents, other international legal instruments on this subject, scientific development, as well as online information resources.
 The authors of the article made the following conclusions: 1. The migration policy of the European Union needs special attention; 2. Despite the long history of normative and institutional support of migration policy, today there are gaps that provoke negative consequences, which requires immediate reform of migration policy; 3. Formed ways of development: 1) creation of a single asylum system at the EU level; 2) strengthening assistance to those Member States that suffer the most from the effects of migration processes; 3) ensuring the strengthening of the protection of the EU's external border and the fight against criminal organizations that smuggle migrants to EU Member States.
Criminal law characteristic of certain restrictive measures
Authors: Plish YU.M.
Published: August 2021

Domestic criminal law is being in constant dynamics, so it means that the norms of the current legislation are being improved, new, previously unknown, criminal-legal categories are being introduced, recommendations of in¬ternational institutions are taken into account, etc. Not an exception in this process is chapter XIII-1 of the General part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which regulates restrictive measures (these provisions came into force on January 11, 2019). From the moment of the regulation of restrictive measures in the Criminal Code of Ukraine, they have acquired the status of criminal-legal measures. Restrictive measures have a specific purpose - to protect the victim from a person who has committed a socially dangerous act, to protect against committing a socially danger¬ous act in relation to the victim in the future, to minimize the interaction between the person, who is in a dangerous state, and the victim, if such has the significant risks.This scientific article analyzes the conditions of application of restrictive measures in criminal law, in particular, it is determined that the concept of «crime related to domestic violence» is broader than the concept of «domestic violence» in Article 126-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine and can be used not only in the commission of this crime, but also in other socially dangerous acts that have signs of domestic violence; some considerations regarding the improvement of the grounds for the application of restrictive measures are highlighted; the correlation between the requirements of international acts and current provisions on restrictive measures is considered.A detailed analysis of the types of restrictive measures that are in the Criminal Code of Ukraine was made. The need for some legislative changes and additions is argued, this concerns the wording of the names of types of restric¬tive measures; new concepts that should be enshrined at the legislative level; meaningful content of such varieties.

The conclusion was made that the regulation of restrictive measures in the Criminal Code of Ukraine is a positive step, but due to the novelty of this legal category there is a need for their partial editing and changes.