bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of arsenic concentration in drinking water of Urmia County villages and its biological monitoring in the hair of their residents in 2019
Authors: Tighafkand Rostam , Aghapour Ali Ahmad , bargeshadi Rogaieh , Karimzade Sima , Khorsandi Hassan
Published: July 2022

Drinking water is one of the most important sources of arsenic entering the human body. Due to the location of Urmia County in the volcanic belt of Urmia-Dokhtar, the presence of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages of Urmia city is probable. The concentration of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages varied from undetectable amounts to 92 µg/L. In 7 out of 80 villages, the concentration of arsenic was higher than the drinking water standards of WHO. There is no statistically significant difference between the concentration of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages of Urmia County in different seasons. There is a significant relationship between the concentration of arsenic in drinking water and its concentration in the hair of people living in villages (r=0.88, P-value=0.046). There is a strong and significant correlation between age and the average concentration of arsenic in the hair of the age groups of the population. Also, smoking creates a statistically significant difference between the concentration of arsenic in the hair of smoking men and non-smoking men. The reason for the existence of a significant difference in the amount of arsenic in the hair of the residents of the case and control villages, and the presence of a high concentration of arsenic in the bottom sediments of Lake Urmia, can be concluded that the possibility the entry of arsenic from the geological formations of the region into the drinking water of the villages is very high.
Protective effect of NeuroEPO in the reproduction of diabetic rats.
Authors: Fernandez-Romero Tammy ,   Sonia Clapés-Hernández2, Pérez Carlos L , Núñez-López Nínive , Suárez-Román Gipsis , Fernandez Gisselle
Published: July 2022

Introduction: pregestational diabetes constitutes a reproductive risk, which requires new treatment strategies. Considering that NeuroEPO, a variant of the recombinant human erythropoietin produced in Cuba, has neuroprotective and hypoglycemic effects, the aim was to evaluate the protective effect of NeuroEPO on the reproduction of diabetic rats.Material and Methods: four groups of adult female Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were used. During pregnancy, one group received the vehicle and the rest different doses of NeuroEPO (0.5 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg, and 1 mg/kg) subcutaneously, on alternate days, for six applications. A group of non-diabetic rats was used as a control. Glycemia and reproductive variables were evaluated. For comparisons, Analysis of Variance and Fisher's Exact Test was used. The differences were considered significant with p-values less than 0.05.Results: the group with vehicle presented maintained hyperglycemia, fewer implantations, and embryos, and increased gestational losses. In the group receiving 0.5 mg/kg of NeuroEPO, glycemia decreased significantly and the results of the reproductive variables were similar to the group of non-diabetic rats. With higher doses of NeuroEPO, gestational losses were increased. No congenital malformations were identified in either group.Conclusions: the repeated administration of 0.5 mg/kg of NeuroEPO has a beneficial effect on the reproduction of diabetic rats, which may be associated with the reduction of hyperglycemia. Other cytoprotective mechanisms of NeuroEPO should be evaluated in future studies.
Increased burden of Cracked Teeth in US and UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from an infodemiological analysis
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Mattiuzzi Camilla , Lippi Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that the rate of cracked teeth managed in endodontists’ practices has considerably increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to the period before.Methods: We conducted an electronic search in Google Trends, using the search term “Cracked Teeth”, with the geographical area set to either “US” or “UK” and the search period comprised between July 2017 and July 2022. The weekly Google Trends score for “Cracked Teeth”, which mirrors the popularity of this search term in the countries, was downloaded into a Microsoft Excel file, and the difference in the volume Google searches for “Cracked Teeth” in both countries were compared between pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods.Results: The median value of weekly Google Trends score for “Cracked Teeth” was found to be significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic both in the US (43 with interquartile range [IQR] 37-53 vs. 38 with IQR 32-45; +13% and p<0.001) and UK (28 with IQR 18-42 vs. 25 with IQR 17-33; +12% and p=0.001), compared to the homologous period beforeConclusion: The results of our infodemiological analysis provide a strong support to data earlier published, suggesting that the burden of cracked teeth may have significantly increased both in the US and UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Picking the low-hanging fruit: testing new physics at scale with active learning
Authors: Rocamonde Juan , Corpe Louie , Zilgalvis G. , Avramidou Maria , Butterworth Jonathan
Published: July 2022

Since the discovery of the Higgs boson, testing the many possible extensions to the Standard Model has become a key challenge in particle physics. This paper discusses a new method for predicting the compatibility of new physics theories with existing experimental data from particle colliders. Using machine learning, the technique obtained comparable results to previous methods (>90% precision and recall) with only a fraction of their computing resources (<10%). This makes it possible to test models that were impossible to probe before, and allows for large-scale testing of new physics theories.
Dry eye masky syndrome: degree of expression and possibilities of correction
Authors: Makogon S. I. , Gorbacheva N. V. , Ivanova D. I. , Khlopkova Yu. S.
Published: July 2022

To prevent the spread of COVID-19, to ensure the safety of ourselves and others, personal protective equipment — various types of masks — has firmly entered our daily lives.

   Purpose to conduct a clinical and sociological study of the severity of the dry eye syndrome in medical personnel and medical students against the background of the use of personal protective equipment and to assess the possibilities of its correction using tear replacement therapy.

   Materials and methods. 138 medical staff and 149 students were analyzed. A survey was conducted to identify risk factors for the development of the dry eye syndrome. The total tear production was determined using the Schirmer I test at the beginning and after 8 hours of the working day in medical personnel and students before and after a 6-hour lesson. To study the possibility of correcting the dry eye syndrome, students were offered instillations of the tear substitute Gylan 0.18 % 3 times a day. At this stage of the study, 2 questionnaires were used to assess the severity of DES symptoms: OSDI and DEQ, Schirmer I test.

   Results. Most of the study participants noted the constant wearing of masks (86.4 % of doctors and 84.8 % of nurses). At the beginning of the study, 45.1 % of doctors and 51.9 % of nursing staff, 45.6 % of students had indicators of total tear production below the reference values. At the end of working hours, doctors (90.9 %), nurses (88.6 %) and students (69.2 %) showed a decrease in the total tear production of varying severity. The use of a tear substitute made it possible to increase the indicators of total tear production: 10 days after treatment, an increase was observed in 45.7 % of cases (but the values were in the range of 10—14 mm), in 31.4 % of cases they reached 15 mm or more and exceeded the initial values (p < 0.05); reduce the symptoms of dry eye: the number of students with DEQ questionnaire syndrome dry eye at the beginning of the study (62.9 %) decreased by 3.2 times.

   Conclusions: the conducted study allows us to speak about the currently available riskfactorfor the development of the dry eye syndrome: personal respiratory protective equipment has a negative impact on the indicators of total tear production. Appointment of tear replacement therapy allowed to improve the functional indicators of tears and quality of life. It is necessary to develop and implement measures aimed at identifying and preventing the development of the dry eye syndrome not only among medical personnel, but also among the population as a whole.
O Ensinar fazer ou o Ensinar Pensar para a Construção da Autonomia: Um Diálogo entre Paulo Freire e Edgar Morin
Authors: Boneti Lindomar Wessler , Langner Ana Lúcia , Asinelli-Luz Araci
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a origem e as especificidades do debate entre o ensinar pensar ou o ensinar fazer da escola a partir de um estudo realizado utilizando-se de fontes teóricas e bibliográficas dos caminhos epistemológicos da construção dos preceitos do ensinar fazer e do ensinar pensar. Metodologicamente a construção da análise deste artigo segue três caminhos sequenciados, analisar a formação histórica do sentido dado ao ensinar fazer como sinônimo de racionalidade; a crítica a este preceito e o desafio de ensinar pensar para a construção da autonomia, estabelecendo um diálogo teórico com Edgar Morin (2019; 1973; 1996; 2003) e Paulo Freire (9997; 1995; 1990).  Conclui-se que este debate do papel da escola não se origina dentro dela própria, mas no âmbito social e político a partir de uma construção histórica envolvendo o processo da origem epistemológica da racionalidade moderna. A escola tem o compromisso social, historicamente construído, de ensinar o ser racional associado às raízes da modernidade e das relações capitalistas de produção.  Assim, o saber que a escola utiliza como meio e como fim por si só está associado à sua utilidade prática, o que dificulta a prática docente do ensinar para pensar.
Natureza da Ciência por meio da História e Filosofia da Ciência na Formação Inicial De Professores de Química: Planejamento e Validação de uma Sequência Didática sobre o Modelo Atômico de Rutherford
Authors: Cortez Jheniffer Micheline , Kiouranis Neide Maria Michellan
Published: July 2022

Neste artigo analisamos o processo de planejamento e validação de uma Sequência Didática (SD) sobre o modelo atômico de Rutherford, parte de uma investigação mais ampla em que se desenvolveu um Programa de Formação com nove licenciandos de uma universidade pública paranaense. Este estudo, caracterizado como uma pesquisa-ação e voltado para inserção de Natureza da Ciência (NdC) em sala de aula, a partir da História e Filosofia da Ciência, foi desenvolvido no contexto do Estágio Supervisionado. Para constituição dos dados foram utilizados diversos registros escritos, como questionários, além das versões dos planejamentos e a gravação das aulas. As etapas analisadas compreendem, principalmente, a seleção do conteúdo histórico e a construção e validação das atividades para a SD. Entre os desafios enfrentados, elencamos a dificuldade de romper com a noção de abordagem histórica como reconstrução linear do desenvolvimento da ciência. Após os estudos e a seleção do conteúdo histórico, no entanto, as atividades mostraram-se significativas para a inserção de discussões da NdC em sala de aula. Os resultados mostram a importância de ações formativas capazes de subsidiar a reflexão e experiência voltadas para os aspectos da NdC, com vistas à formação de professores capazes de compreender e ensinar sobre a ciência.
Microbial source tracking of fecal contamination in stormwater runoff
Authors: Sherchan Samendra , Shahin Shalina , Alarcon Joshua , Brosky Hanna , Potter Collin , Dada Ayokunle Christopher
Published: July 2022

Concerns over fecal contamination in stormwater canals have promoted the need for pollution control strategies, including the use of microbial source tracking, to identify fecal contamination in the Greater New Orleans Area. Surface water samples were collected over a 12-month period at five canal locations within Jefferson Parish, Louisiana. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the IDEXX method were used to assess the concentrations of coliforms, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and human fecal 183 bacteroides (HF183) in stormwater samples. A 100% positive detection rate of total coliforms and E. coli was observed across all tested sites. Despite the closeness of the five sites, when averaged across all sampling time points, Kruskal–Wallis tests indicated that E. coli was present at significantly different concentrations in these locations (χ2(5) = 19.8, p = 0.0005). HF183 was detected in 62% of the water samples collected during the stormwater sampling. Without further testing for HF183 markers, the conclusion from this study would have been that fecal contamination from an unknown source was always present at varying levels during the study period. Analysis of HF183 markers therefore adds another layer of conclusions to the results deductible from E. coli concentrations. A 100% E. coli detection rate, high E. coli concentrations coupled with low rates of HF183 detection particularly at the Esplanade, Poplar Street, and Bonnabel Boat Launch sites, the sites closest to the lake outlet, throughout the study period, indicate that fecal contamination at these stormwater canal sites comes primarily from non-human sources. However, the Metairie Road and Napoleon Avenue sites, which have the highest HF183 detection rates, on top of chronic pollution by other non-human sources, are also influenced by human fecal pollution, possibly because of human development and faulty infrastructure. This study highlights the advantages of the use of microbial source-tracking methods to complement traditional indicator bacteria.
Immune-Endocrine Perspectives of Breast Cancer
Authors: Saini Karan Singh , Suman Shankar , Konwar Rituraj
Published: July 2022

Cancer is the consequence of the recalcitrant multiplication of the transformed cells. Cancer cells grow and proliferate at a fast pace and do not follow normal regulation of cell division. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases, which is the second leading cause of death among women. Although androgen is primarily considered a male steroid hormone, it also has an important role in the female reproductive system. The literature evidence suggests the role of androgen receptors (AR) in the normal development of the breast. At puberty, the expression of AR is even more than ER, suggesting its importance during the process of sexual development; its activity maintains the ER-induced cell proliferation and normal development of the breast. Epidemiological studies have suggested a positive correlation between high endogenous androgens and the risk of breast cancer in both pre- and postmenopausal women. In both ER and PR-positive breast cancers, AR is expressed in 60-70% of the cases. AR is also reported to be co-expressed with ER in around 80-90% of breast cancer cases and is considered an independent prognostic factor of ER-positive breast cancers. Tumor-microenvironment has a complex role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumor-infiltrating and resident cells secretes a variety of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn either inhibit or promote tumor growth. Immunosuppressive and immuno-inductive effects of androgen have been reported in various studies. Androgens have been reported to influence the adaptive immune system more than the innate immune system in many ways. Crosstalk of androgen and cytokine signaling has many effects in breast cancer epidemiology. So, in this chapter, we will discuss the various immune-endocrine perspectives of breast cancers.
Advanced Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis Method in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Srivastava Manish , Banger Anjali , Yadav Ravina , Srivastava Anamika , Dwivedi Jaya , Rawat Varun
Published: July 2022

This chapter presents an outline of chemical reactions performed while
utilizing microwave irradiation. The improvement in economic strategies has taken
cognizance and acknowledgment of environment-friendly and cost-effective
procedures having the most negligible impact on the environment. Compared to other
methods, microwave-assisted methods proved to be more favorable substitutes for
conventional laboratory heating systems; many chemical reactions have been
accomplished, refining prevailing procedures with practical conclusions than the
reactions proceeded under the conventional heating system. Reactions executed via
catalysis in an aqueous medium enhanced the eco-friendly procedures, and the
reactions executed via catalysis in fluid medium enhanced environmental conventions.
In this chapter, we will discuss microwave-assisted catalytic approaches, which have
been used for the preparation of various heterocyclic compounds, preparation of
peptides, urea and coordination polymers having carboxyl group, and various other
chemical reactions. The focus of this work is to highlight the recent advances in the
field of Microwave-assisted organic reactions like oxidation, reduction, coupling,
functionalization, heterocyclic compounds synthesis, multi-component reactions, and
nucleophilic substitutions in water.
Peptidomimetics: Current and Future Perspectives on HIV Protease Inhibitors
Authors: S Mainkar Prathama , Singh Jadav Surender , Nayani Kiranmai
Published: July 2022

The peptidomimetic-based design and synthesis of HIV-1 protease and other
entry inhibitors are generally oriented to block the viral receptor functionalities in the
host cells. Most of the drugs classified under HIV-1 protease inhibitors are primarily
optimized through substrate-based design strategies. The peptidomimetic drugs present
in the market are non-hydrolyzable by the catalytic aspartic acid residues, an
indispensable approach still used in designing potential pharmacophores for protease
inhibitors. Thus, a variety of amino acid-containing hybrid small molecules are tested
against the HIV-1 protease enzyme by incorporating essential fragments required to
block protease functionalities. However, the appearance of mutations in HIV
polyproteins is a key parameter to be seriously considered while designing
peptidomimetics. Hence, comprehensive knowledge regarding HIV
peptidomimetic/medicinal chemistry along with optimization strategy and organic
synthesis awareness is critical in the current scenario. The present chapter is aimed to
provide in-depth literature on medicinally optimized HIV-1 protease inhibitors, Tat TAR RNA blockers with their synthesis, and later it is expanded to the
peptidomimetics (entry inhibitors) involved in the envelope glycoprotein (gp120/gp41)
and capsid inhibitors. Furthermore, the knowledge-based classification of HIV-1
protease inhibitors, anti-dimer agents, Tat-TAR RNA blockers, and entry inhibitors,
along with their synthetic procedures, would serve as a single model template for
scientific as well as academic research towards the development of anti-HIV
peptidomimetics.
Confucian Academy Activities under the Japanese Colonial Era: A Case Study on Dodong Seowon in Yeongnam area
Authors:   The Association of DaeDong-Hanmun, Jung Su-hwan
Published: July 2022

This paper attempted to expand the research to find the social role and meaning of Japanese colonial era Seowon (Confucian Academy) based on the research results on Seowon during the Choson Dynasty.
Dodong Seowon, Confucian Academy, was the first Confucian academy of Hyeonpung area of the Choson Dynasty and had a high influence in the Yeongnam local community. Dodong Confucian Academy was 47 unbroken Confucian academies, and from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, there was no need for separate activities to rebuild the Confucian Academy. Dodong Confucian Academy, which had a strong regional base, was strongly operated by dominant clans such as Hyeonpung Gwak and Seoheung Kim Clans, who lived in Hyeonpung area even after the Japanese colonial era.
A supplementary system was separately organized to provide financial support for the operation of the Seowon. The composition of the Bowon- Kye, community for financial supporting Dodong Seowon, was centered on influential people in the Hyeonpung area, but Confucian scholars in the Yeongnam area also participated and contributed to the operation of the Seowon through the system. However, in the face of a financial crisis for the operation of the Confucian academy, the council was convened to discuss the sale of provincial land, financial support, and the use of the Bowon-Kye. But there was no mention of educational functions, and the purpose was the continuity of the village.
Japanese colonial era Dodong Seowon, Confucian Academy, was still a key member of Seowon during the Choaon Dynasty, and provided a space for social activities and exchanges through the entrance and exit of Confucian scholars in Yeongnam area.
Equation of state of Krypton gas in the temperature-range 120-130 K
Authors:   Department of Physics, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan, Al-Maaitah Amal F. , Al-Oqali Amer D. ,   Department of Physics, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan
Published: July 2022

This study aims to find out an equation of state for Krypton gas (Kr) in the temperature range 120–130 K and to calculate some of its thermodynamic properties. The virial equation of state for Krypton gas (Kr) is constructed using the quantum second virial coefficient (Bq). The Beth–Uhlenbeck formula is used to calculate the quantum second virial coefficient Bq in the temperature range 120–130 K at different number densities. The pressure-volume-temperature behavior of Kr gas is carefully investigated, from which the phase (gas-liquid) transition is predicted. Some of the thermodynamic properties; the internal energy, enthalpy, and Helmholtz free energy are calculated for a number density of 4×1025 atoms/m3 using the quantum second virial coefficient. Our results show that the deviation from ideality becomes most significant at low temperatures and increases with increasing number density. Our results for the quantum second virial coefficient are in good agreement with previous results.
Drill-Hole Bone Defects in Animal Models of Bone Healing: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Bromer Frederik Duch , Brent Mikkel Bo , Thomsen Jesper Skovhus , Brüel Annemarie
Published: July 2022

Background

Bone fractures are common conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Several animal models of bone fractures have been established to help elucidate the complex process of bone healing. In the last decades, drill-hole bone defects have emerged as a method to study bone healing. Animal models of drill-hole defects are easy to standardize and do not require external fixation of the bone. However, current studies of drill-hole bone defects lack detailed descriptions of techniques and interstudy standardization.

Objective

This systematic review aims to present a detailed description of the different methods used to induce drill-hole bone defects in long bones of laboratory animals and to provide a comprehensive overview of their methodology and potential for investigation of bone healing.

Methods

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase will be performed of abstracts containing variations of the following four keywords: “long bone,” “drill-hole,” “regeneration,” and “animal model.” Abstract screening and full-text screening will be performed independently by 2 reviewers, and data will be extracted to a predesigned extraction protocol. The primary outcome of the included studies is the technique used to create the drill-hole bone defect, and secondary outcomes are any measurements or analyses of bone defect and regeneration. A narrative synthesis will be used to present the primary outcome, while information on secondary outcomes will be displayed graphically. The study protocol follows the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols) guidelines.

Results

Abstract and full-text screening is ongoing and is expected to be completed by October 2022. Data extraction will commence immediately after, and the manuscript is expected to be completed by December 2023. The systematic review will follow the PRISMA statement.

Conclusions

The strength of this systematic review is that it provides a comprehensive methodological overview of the different drill-hole methods and their advantages and disadvantages. This will assist researchers in choosing which model to use when studying different aspects of bone healing.

Trial Registration

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020213076; https://tinyurl.com/bp56wdwe

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/34887
Drill-Hole Bone Defects in Animal Models of Bone Healing: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Bromer Frederik Duch , Brent Mikkel Bo , Thomsen Jesper Skovhus , Brüel Annemarie
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Bone fractures are common conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Several animal models of bone fractures have been established to help elucidate the complex process of bone healing. In the last decades, drill-hole bone defects have emerged as a method to study bone healing. Animal models of drill-hole defects are easy to standardize and do not require external fixation of the bone. However, current studies of drill-hole bone defects lack detailed descriptions of techniques and interstudy standardization.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to present a detailed description of the different methods used to induce drill-hole bone defects in long bones of laboratory animals and to provide a comprehensive overview of their methodology and potential for investigation of bone healing.

METHODS

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase will be performed of abstracts containing variations of the following four keywords: “long bone,” “drill-hole,” “regeneration,” and “animal model.” Abstract screening and full-text screening will be performed independently by 2 reviewers, and data will be extracted to a predesigned extraction protocol. The primary outcome of the included studies is the technique used to create the drill-hole bone defect, and secondary outcomes are any measurements or analyses of bone defect and regeneration. A narrative synthesis will be used to present the primary outcome, while information on secondary outcomes will be displayed graphically. The study protocol follows the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols) guidelines.

RESULTS

Abstract and full-text screening is ongoing and is expected to be completed by October 2022. Data extraction will commence immediately after, and the manuscript is expected to be completed by December 2023. The systematic review will follow the PRISMA statement.

CONCLUSIONS

The strength of this systematic review is that it provides a comprehensive methodological overview of the different drill-hole methods and their advantages and disadvantages. This will assist researchers in choosing which model to use when studying different aspects of bone healing.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020213076; https://tinyurl.com/bp56wdwe

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/34887
Intrinsic Capacity and Active and Healthy Aging Domains Supported by Personalized Digital Coaching: Survey Study Among Geriatricians in Europe and Japan on eHealth Opportunities for Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Stara Vera , Soraci Luca , Takano Eiko , Kondo Izumi , Möller Johanna , Maranesi Elvira , Luzi Riccardo , Riccardi Giovanni Renato , Browne Ryan , Dacunha Sébastien , Palmier Cecilia , Wieching Rainer , Ogawa Toshimi , Bevilacqua Roberta
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The worldwide aging trend requires conceptually new prevention, care, and innovative living solutions to support human-based care using smart technology, and this concerns the whole world. Enabling access to active and healthy aging through personalized digital coaching services like physical activity coaching, cognitive training, emotional well-being, and social connection for older adults in real life could offer valuable advantages to both individuals and societies. A starting point might be the analysis of the perspectives of different professionals (eg, geriatricians) on such technologies. The perspectives of experts in the sector may allow the individualization of areas of improvement of clinical interventions, supporting the positive perspective pointed out by the intrinsic capacity framework.

OBJECTIVE

The overall aim of this study was to explore the cross-national perspectives and experiences of different professionals in the field of intrinsic capacity, and how it can be supported by eHealth interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore geriatric care providers’ perspectives about technology-based interventions to support intrinsic capacity.

METHODS

A survey involving 20 geriatricians or clinical experts in the fields of intrinsic capacity and active and healthy aging was conducted in Italy, France, Germany, and Japan between August and September 2021.

RESULTS

The qualitative findings pointed out relevant domains for eHealth interventions and provided examples for successful practices that support subjective well-being under the intrinsic capacity framework (the benefits offered by personalized interventions, especially by promoting health literacy but avoiding intrusiveness). Moreover, eHealth interventions could be used as a bridge that facilitates and enables social engagement; an instrument that facilitates communication between doctors and patients; and a tool to enrich the monitoring actions of medical staff.

CONCLUSIONS

There is an unexplored and significant role for such geriatric perspectives to help the development process and evaluate the evidence-based results on the effectiveness of technologies for older people. This is possible only when clinicians collaborate with data scientists, engineers, and developers in order to match the complex daily needs of older adults.
Digital biomarker-based interventions: A systematic review of systematic reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Motahari-Nezhad Hossein , Al-Abdulkarim Hana , Fgaier Meriem , Abid Mohamed Mahdi , Péntek Márta , Gulácsi László , Zrubka Zsombor
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The introduction of new medical technologies such as sensors has accelerated the process of collecting patient data for relevant clinical decisions, which has led to the introduction of a new technology known as digital biomarkers.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the methodological quality and quality of evidence from meta-analyses of digital biomarker-based interventions.

METHODS

This study follows the PRISMA guideline for reporting systematic reviews, including original English publications of systematic reviews reporting meta-analyses of clinical outcomes (efficacy and safety endpoints) of digital biomarker-based interventions compared with alternative interventions without digital biomarkers. A literature search of PubMed and the Cochrane Library was conducted, limited to 2019-2020. The quality of the methodology and evidence synthesis of the meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR-2 and GRADE, respectively.

RESULTS

26 studies with 95 reported outcomes were included in the final analysis. Twenty-four (92%), one (4%), and one (4%) studies had critically low, low, and high methodologic quality, respectively. Although only six clinical outcomes (6.3%) had high-quality evidence, 84 outcomes (88.4%) had moderate-quality evidence. In addition, five outcomes (5.3%) were rated with a low level of certainty, mainly due to risk of bias (n=89/95, 93.7%), inconsistency (n= 27/95, 28.4%), and imprecision (n= 27/95, 28.4%).

CONCLUSIONS

Researchers in this field should consider the AMSTAR-2 criteria and GRADE to produce high-quality studies in the future. In addition, patients, clinicians, and policymakers are advised to consider the results of the current study before making clinical decisions regarding digital biomarkers to be informed of the degree of certainty of the various interventions investigated in this study.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/28204
DEVELOPMENT OF CATHELICIDIN IN LIPOSOME CARRIER USING THIN LAYER HYDRATION METHOD
Authors: CHAERUNISAA ANIS YOHANA , DEWI MAYANG KUSUMA , SRIWIDODO  , JONI I. MADE , DWIYANA REIVA FARAH
Published: July 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to produce an optimum liposome formulation and to study the effect of formulation parameter such as phospholipid amount and hydration time on characteristics of liposome containing Cathelichidin.
Methods: Liposomes were prepared using a thin layer hydration method. Characterization of liposomes included organoleptic, PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) and zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, morphology by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), the chemical interaction by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and the stability by using Freeze-Thaw method.
Results: The result of the organoleptic test showed that the liposome were in the form of milky white dispersion, odorless, and without sedimentation. Optimum formula was obtained by making variations of soy oil: cholesterol 10: 0 (F1), 9: 1 (F2), 8: 2 (F3), 7: 3 (F4), and variations in sonication time (10 and 30 min). Based on the results, it was found that the optimum sonication time was 30 min. F2 and F3 were chosen as the most optimum formulas with particle sizes of 190.3±6.8 nm and 212.9±4.4 nm; polydispersity index of 0.192±0.023 and 0.137±0.022, and zeta potential as much as-38.8±0.6 mV and-34.8±2.0 mV. To the optimum formula, cathelicidin was loaded with hydration time varies of 100 and 120 min. Longer hydration time resulted in smaller particle size and higher entrapment efficiency either for F2 or F3. TEM characterization revealed a spherical shape of liposomes from the optimum formula. The results of FTIR characterization did not show any interaction between the phospholipids of liposomes with cathelicidin. The data from the stability test showed good stability for F2 and F3 with a hydration time of 120 min, indicated by a p-value>0.05, which indicated that there was no significant change in the zeta potential for three Freeze-Thaw cycles.
Conclusion: Formula of liposom using a variation of soy oil: cholesterol 9:1 and 8:2 with hydration time of 120 min revealed the best result with good stability for three Freeze-Thaw cycles.
NOVEL COSMECEUTICAL FORMULATIONS: A BETTER APPROACH TO PHOTOPROTECTION
Authors: MOHANTY SANGEETA , BADHEI LIPANJALI , PAL ABHISEK , PANDA PRITIPADMA
Published: July 2022

Using photoprotection, it is possible to prevent UV-induced skin damage and skin cancers. Radiation that falls between visible light and X-rays is defined as ultraviolet. By biological consequences, UVR is classified into five types, UVA, UVB, UVC, Far UV, and Vacuum UV. However, sunscreen functions as an essential device in our accessories of photo protective action, whose goal is to protect us from sunburn and from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sunscreens are categorized as systemic and topical, depending on how they are administered. Again, topical sunscreen divides into organic and inorganic sunscreen. Despite the main objective of sunscreen is to be secure, chemically inert, non-toxic and protected against wide-ranging radiation so as to combat photo aging and photocarcinogenesis. But chemical and synthetic sunscreen causes several undesirable effects, which is a matter of concern. Therefore, a better and safer photoprotective agent is needed in sunscreen. In this regard, nanoparticles, or nanoparticulate systems, are becoming increasingly popular as a form of sunscreen for many different reasons, such as boosting SPF and stability, customizing the release profile, and minimizing adverse effects. In this review, the nanoformulation approach of sunscreen has been described, which has more demand than conventional sunscreen, including liposomes, ethosomes, microemulsions, nano-emulgel, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nano-transferosomes, and niosomes which received a lot of attention worldwide. In short, this review provides an outline of novel advent to sunscreen formulations.
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF THE CAFFEIC ACID INTERACTIONS TO DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV
Authors: ISTYASTONO ENADE PERDANA , OCTA RISWANTO FLORENTINUS DIKA
Published: July 2022

Objective: The research presented in this article aimed to examine the applicability of a recently published software PyPLIF HIPPOS to identify the interactions hotspots between dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) and its inhibitor caffeic acid during molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
Methods: Caffeic acid was docked to the binding pocket of DPP4 followed by 50 ns MD simulations, during which snapshots were taken every 10 ps. The molecular docking and the MD simulations were performed in YASARA-Structure 21.12.19. The snapshots were analyzed using the MM/PBSA analysis in YASARA-Structure and PyPLIF HIPPOS to calculate the binding energy (BE) and the caffeic acid-DPP4 interactions hotspots, respectively.
Results: The 50 ns MD simulations of DPP4-caffeic acid had converged since the early stage of the simulations. The BE and the RMSD values of the ligand movement indicated a probable DPP4 allosteric site. PyPLIF HIPPOS identified 15 interacting DPP4 residues to caffeic acid. The residues interacting with caffeic acid in more than 10% snapshots of the MD simulations were Ser59, Arg61, Glu206, and Phe357. The binding residues Ser59 and Arg61 were suggested to be part of the plausible DPP4 allosteric site.
Conclusion: PyPLIF HIPPOS serves as a valuable complement to the MM/PBSA method in the examination of enzyme-inhibitor interactions.
SKIN TARGETING OF AN OPTIMIZED CAFFEINE NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIER WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY AGAINST CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED ALOPECIA
Authors: MAKKY AMNA MOHAMED , EL-LEITHY EMAN SADDAR , HUSSEIN DOAA GALAA , KHATTAB ABEER
Published: July 2022

Objective: The current investigation was designed to develop and optimize caffeine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for topical alopecia treatment.
Methods: Screening of drug solubility in various excipients was executed. The 23 full factorial design was employed for NLCs optimization. Lipid type, surfactant type, and drug concentration were the independent variables. Entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and % drug release were the chosen responses. Physiochemical evaluation, in vitro release, ex-vivo permeation, and stability study were achieved.
Results: The solubility of caffeine in stearic acid and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) was 47.11±3.048 and 32.67±2.955 mg/g, respectively. Oleic acid: garlic oil mixture at a ratio of 1:1 v/v was the oily phase. Tween 80 and Cremophor EL, Transcutol HP, carbonate buffer (pH 10.8 and ionic strength 200 mmol) were chosen as a surfactant, co-surfactant, and aqueous phase, respectively. The optimized formula showed particle size, %EE, PDI, zeta potential of 358 nm±1.45, 72.55 %±0.12, 0.912±0.030,-24.8 mv±0.70, respectively. The % release was 92.9±4.9 % after 2 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed an improved permeation of caffeine-loaded NLCs to the whole skin layers.
Conclusion: The histological examination proved the efficiency of caffeine NLCs optimized formula in promoting hair growth compared to the market formula.
DESIGN-EXPERT SOFTWARE (DOE): AN APPLICATION TOOL FOR OPTIMIZATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS FORMULATION
Authors: SOPYAN IYAN , GOZALI DOLIH , SRIWIDODO  , GUNTINA RIZKA KHOIRUNNISA
Published: July 2022

Formulation is a crucial stage in drug development since it determines the best formula. The quality of the preparation is good and fulfills the standard parameters when using the best formula. This stage is completed through laboratory experiments that take a long time to complete. To address this, software utilizing computer technology, such as software Design Expert, can be used. The goal of this investigation is to see how Design Expert is used in research formulation and optimization. The method of writing a review was carried out by searching Google Scholar and Science Direct with the keywords "Formulation" and "Design Expert," yielding 63 articles, which were then screened using inclusion criteria, notably field of research on formulation optimization accepted for publication between 2011 and April 2020, and exclusion in the form of review articles. The review's findings suggest that the platform is widely utilized and effective at reducing the number of trials, time, and costs associated with formulation development.
POTENTIAL OF SCORPION VENOM FOR THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS DISEASES
Authors: JAVED MOHSIN , HUSSAIN SHABBIR , KHAN MUHAMMAD AMJAD , TAJAMMAL AFFIFA , FATIMA HIRA , AMJAD MUHAMMAD , ZAHID AMINA , UMER MAFIA , AMEER ALI SIDRA , YAQOOB MADEEHA
Published: July 2022

The venom of various scorpion species finds significant therapeutic applications. It is rich in neurotoxins, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, histamine, lipids and different salts from which peptides demonstrate a great potential against a variety of diseases. Many biological functions e. g., bradykinin potentiating, hemolytic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory potential are being regulated by non-disulfide-bonded peptides. Therefore, it is motivating to use these properties for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, AIDS, apoplexy, influenza H5N1, paralysis, epilepsy, malaria, measles, severe combined immunodeficiency, fever blisters and diabetes. Scorpion venom has shown the presence of 100,000 bioactive compounds but only 1 % of these have been purified, isolated and characterized by HPLC and mass spectroscopy etc. For the production of high-quality antivenom with specific antibodies, gentler electrical stimulation is a better method as compared to manual production. Recombinant DNA technology has facilitated the identification of new components. Some important medicinal compounds isolated from scorpion venom include HsTX1 (from Heterometrus spinnifer), mucroporin-M1 (from Lychas mucronatus), chlorotoxin and charybdotoxin (from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus). B. leptochelys venom has shown the presence of at least 148 components. Six novel long-chain peptides were isolated from the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch venom. Crude venom of L. Abdullah bayrami displays a proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells and also shows antimicrobial potential. A new toxin derived from the venom of Liocheles waigiensis [U1-liotoxin-Lw1a (U1-LITX-Lw1a)] displays significant insecticidal action. The computational studies may play an important role while developing ion channel drugs from venom peptides.
Bibliometric Study on the Profile of Agroecology Research in Journals of Agrarian Sciences
Authors: Bevenuto Valdení Venceslau , Corrêa Marcus Metri , Andrade Luciano Pires de
Published: July 2022

There are few Brazilian researches of scientific production in the field of Agrarian Sciences that are dedicated to the field of organic production presenting the Agroecology as a science with themes, references, authors and methodological approaches. Therefore, this study proposes to study the profile of studies on the theme of Agroecology published in agrarian science journals qualis A1, A2 and B1 from 2011 to 2022. The concern of this study is to understand: how Agroecology is being portrayed and which designs are being taken in Brazilian journals of Agrarian Sciences. The study is supported by bibliographic analysis research, which will help to quantify and analyze all selected scientific production (Cooper & Lindsay, 1998; Leite Filho, 2006). All data collection took place between articles published from the end of 2011 to the beginning of 2022. After selection, the material was cataloged in the Mendeley Desktop software. The Qualitative Data Analysis tool was fundamental in this process, once it helped in the tabulation, creation of graphics and as a subsidy of descriptive and qualitative statistics in the analysis of data while support of studies coming from Critical Ecosystem Linguistics. The results of this study show that a considerable part of the research focuses precisely on the question of organic agriculture, without opening up to a greater understanding of Agroecology, so that it also leaves aside the interdisciplinary character of Agroecology. Most of the articles are signed by a group of authors, which demonstrates a sharing of knowledge and knowledge.
The image of Dystopian fiction and the cultural dialogues that they represent
Authors: Alex Divya
Published: July 2022

The image of fiction over the years has taken human understanding into multiple perspectives though it is not a popular statement. While ‘the fact’ remains the key to understanding any time period,all the other genres of writingthat contribute to the same time period should also be considered relevant. Dystopian fiction revolves around times of great pessimism and struggles but on keen observation, their existence seems to be calling out certain important aspects of the period. The article focuses on the question of the prominence of dystopian fiction within the cultural environment it represents.
The Impact that social media has had on Today's Generation of Indian Youth: An Analytical Study
Authors: Dar Showkat Ahmad , Nagrath Dolly
Published: July 2022

Social media has become a daily habit in most people’s lives. People of all ages participate in social media, and the average Indian devotes nearly 2.4 hours per day to this one activity alone. People are able to voice their concerns and share their perspectives through the medium of social media. When it comes to understanding social media, people must first be comfortable with the notion. Users can communicate with one another and share information, thoughts, opinions, images, and videos via Internet-based programmes known as "social media.. In order to access content, share content with other users of that social media platform, and converse with other users of that social media platform, an individual must first sign up for an account and then sign in to that account. Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp, Snap Chat, Telegram, and LinkedIn are just a few of the most prominent and frequently used social networking platforms today; others include Snap chat etc. It's noteworthy to observe that most of these social networking sites have a disproportionately high proportion of teen users. In India, adolescents and teenagers between the ages of 13 and 19 make up 31 percent of the overall number of people who use social media (Statista, 2021). Users in India between the ages of 18 and 24 make up the majority of Facebook and Instagram users in the country. We take a descriptive and analytical stance when discussing social media and its effects on young people, both good and bad, in this study. We heavily rely on the thematic analysis tool MAXQDA to draw a conclusion. We discuss all facets of social media, including both positive and bad effects. Specific areas including business, education, society, and young people are highlighted.