bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intended cycling frequency and the role of happiness and environmental friendliness after COVID-19
Authors: Barbour Natalia , Mannering Fred
Published: January 2023

Although the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to an increase in cycling in many countries worldwide, it is not yet known whether this increase becomes a long-lasting change in mobility. The current study explores this increase by analyzing data collected in a U.S. nationwide longitudinal survey. Using a total of 7421 observations, a mixed logit model with heterogeneity in the means of random parameters was estimated. In the resulting sample, nearly 14 percent of the respondents stated that they were planning to cycle more while only 4 percent of the respondents stated that they were planning to cycle less post COVID-19 pandemic. The estimation results provide insights into socio-demographic and psychological factors that play a role in planned cycling behavior post COVID-19. The study also establishes that age, race, employment status, gender, and household size impact intended cycling frequency. The model estimation results further indicate that workers (full time and part time), individuals with a high degree of life satisfaction, and individuals who are environmentally friendly all have higher cycling-frequency probabilities relative to others. The findings can be used to support policies that target sustainable mobility and further our understanding of the transportation, psychology, and well-being relationships.
Imaging and seismic modelling inside volcanoes using machine learning
Authors: O’Brien Gareth Shane , Bean Christopher J. , Meiland Hugo , Witte Philipp
Published: January 2023

Despite advances in seismology and computing, the ability to image subsurface volcanic environments is poor, limiting our understanding of the overall workings of volcanic systems. This is related to substantive structural heterogeneities which strongly scatters seismic waves obscuring the ballistic arrivals normally used in seismology for wave velocity determination. Here we address this constraint by, using a deep learning approach, a Fourier neural operator (FNO), to model and invert seismic signals in volcanic settings. The FNO is trained using 40,000+ simulations of elastic wave propagation through complex volcano models, and includes the full scattered wavefield. Once trained, the forward network is used to predict elastic wave propagation and is shown to accurately reproduce the seismic wavefield. The FNO is also trained to predict heterogeneous velocity models given a limited set of input seismograms. It is shown to capture details of the complex velocity structure that lie far outside the ability of current methods available in volcano imagery.
Automatic segmentation of bladder cancer on MRI using a convolutional neural network and reproducibility of radiomics features: a two-center study
Authors: Moribata Yusaku , Kurata Yasuhisa , Nishio Mizuho , Kido Aki , Otani Satoshi , Himoto Yuki , Nishio Naoko , Furuta Akihiro , Onishi Hiroyuki , Masui Kimihiko , Kobayashi Takashi , Nakamoto Yuji
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to develop a versatile automatic segmentation model of bladder cancer (BC) on MRI using a convolutional neural network and investigate the robustness of radiomics features automatically extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. This two-center retrospective study used multi-vendor MR units and included 170 patients with BC, of whom 140 were assigned to training datasets for the modified U-net model with five-fold cross-validation and 30 to test datasets for assessment of segmentation performance and reproducibility of automatically extracted radiomics features. For model input data, diffusion-weighted images with b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2, ADC maps, and multi-sequence images (b0-b1000-ADC maps) were used. Segmentation accuracy was compared between ours and existing models. The reproducibility of radiomics features on ADC maps was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient. The model with multi-sequence images achieved the highest Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) with five-fold cross-validation (mean DSC = 0.83 and 0.79 for the training and validation datasets, respectively). The median (interquartile range) DSC of the test dataset model was 0.81 (0.70–0.88). Radiomics features extracted from manually and automatically segmented BC exhibited good reproducibility. Thus, our U-net model performed highly accurate segmentation of BC, and radiomics features extracted from the automatic segmentation results exhibited high reproducibility.
Telerehab at Home: Mobile Tablet Technology for Patients With Poststroke Communication Deficits—A Pilot Feasibility Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Mallet Karen H. , Shamloul Rany M. , Lecompte-Collin Jacinthe , Winkel Jennifer , Donnelly Beth , Dowlatshahi Dar
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

Poststroke communication deficits (PSCD) are common following stroke. Early and intensive speech and language therapy is recommended to maximize outcomes. We wanted to test the feasibility of providing telerehabilitation for patients with PSCD using mobile tablet-based technology to bridge the gap between acute stroke care and outpatient speech-language therapy (SLT) services.

Method:

This was a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end-point design. Patients were randomized to either the treatment arm (mobile tablet) or the control arm (standard of care). The study duration was either 8 weeks or when the patient was called to start outpatient SLT services, whichever occurred first. The primary outcome was feasibility, while secondary objective was to assess patient engagement and to explore improvement in communication ability.

Results:

We had a 38% recruitment rate, with a 100% retention rate for the treatment arm and a 50% retention rate for the control arm. Fifty percent of patients in the treatment arm adhered to the recommended 1 hr per day, whereas none of the control arm did. Patients were engaged in using the mobile tablet and feedback on the protocol was positive.

Conclusions:

SLT using telerehabilitation via mobile technology is feasible in the very early stages of acute stroke recovery. It is potentially an effective means of bridging the gap between discharge from the acute care setting to the start of outpatient SLT services. Our study supported proceeding to a clinical trial to assess efficacy of the intervention.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21844569
Partition decoupling model and method in power distribution network, part II: A novel partitioning optimisation operation method
Authors: Sheng Wanxing
Published: January 2023

In this study, a partition optimisation method for distribution network is proposed to realise decoupling coordination, which provides a research basis for optimising power flow and operation regulation. Firstly, a partition model of distribution network is established, in which the electrical distance, parallel computing efficiency, and operation stability indexes are considered at the same time; Secondly, the AHC algorithm is used to realise the automatic search partition of the distribution network, and the class spacing measurement factors of point‐to‐point, cluster‐to‐cluster are considered in this method. Finally, the Distributed Sequential Quadratic Programming for Distributed Generation (DSQP‐DG) is introduced, and the parallel decoupling coordination of the distribution network is realised by alternate iteration of its inner and outer layers.
Large population games with interactions through controls and common noise: convergence results and equivalence between open-loop and closed-loop controls
Authors: Djete Mao Fabrice
Published: January 2023

In the presence of a common noise, we study the convergence problems in mean field game (MFG) and mean field control (MFC) problem where the cost function and the state dynamics depend upon the joint conditional distribution of the controlled state and the control process. In the first part, we consider the MFG setting. We start by recalling the notions of measure-valued MFG equilibria and of approximate closed-loop Nash equilibria associated to the corresponding N-player game. Then, we show that all convergent sequences of approximate closed-loop Nash equilibria, when N → ∞, converge to measure-valued MFG equilibria. And conversely, any measure-valued MFG equilibrium is the limit of a sequence of approximate closed-loop Nash equilibria. In other words, measure-valued MFG equilibria are the accumulation points of the approximate closed-loop Nash equilibria. Previous work has shown that measure-valued MFG equilibria are the accumulation points of the approximate openloop Nash equilibria. Therefore, we obtain that the limits of approximate closed-loop Nash equilibria and approximate open-loop Nash equilibria are the same. In the second part, we deal with the MFC setting. After recalling the closed-loop and open-loop formulations of the MFC problem, we prove that they are equivalent. We also provide some convergence results related to approximate closed-loop Pareto equilibria.
A Study Media Coverage of College Crisis under Framing Theory
Authors: Luo Haonan , Ling Qianwen
Published: January 2023

Framing as an academic concept to examine human cognition andc ommunication behavior was first seen in anthropologist Bateson’s paper “A Theory of Play and Fantasy” published in 1955. The most direct manifestation vehicle of framing effect in news communication is framing theory, which means that a certain framing effect is achieved by selecting and emphasizing a certain content. However, the media coverage of the college crises has been ignoring the framing theory and changes in the information technology era. The article will analyze the current research on media coverage of college crises based on the framing theory in the information era and try to innovate and apply it to this. The information environment has made the information that has been diluted and hidden under the traditional news media framework come to the surface, and more and more information has been focused under the spotlight to be examined by the public. Such a journalistic framework has undoubtedly had a crucial impact on the public crises that arise in today’s universities.
Appropriate Solutions for Traditional Media and New Media to Establish in Contemporary Society
Authors: Gong Yitian
Published: January 2023

New media penetrates people’s lives in thorough aspects, and the majority of people are inclined to receive information through the Internet instead of purchasing newspapers or other approaches to get to know the events around the world. Some experts think it is undisputed that the promising prospect of new media will harm traditional media. As a result, the status of the traditional media arouse the public concern and at the same time provoke a heated discussion among individuals. The total printing volume has declined for nine consecutive years since 2012, and especially since 2020, the COVID-19 impacted the traditional media severely. The article aims at claiming the benefits of the fusion of new media and traditional media and studying the attitude towards each of the media and the fusion of two kinds of media. The research involves the literature reference method to illustrate the two-sides of each type of media. The article analyzes a lot of data from official website and the essay [1]. The impact of new media on traditional media was written by Lavanya Rajendran and Preethi Thesinghraja to identify the tendency of these media. Eventually, conclusions are drawn that it is profitable to combine the new media with the traditional media.
A Study on the Success of Short Videos Themed on Beijing Cuisines and Its Influence on the City’s Image
Authors: Li Yixuan
Published: January 2023

With the boom of the short video industry in recent years, cities with tremendous internet influences have witnessed rapid growth attributable to the rise of short video platforms where cuisinethemed short videos have become a new channel for the communication of a city’s image. On one of the platforms, TikTok, there exists a huge gap in terms of communication performance among cuisine-themed short videos of different kinds. Taking content analysis as the tool, this paper is engaged with the quantitative analysis of the content characteristics, food types, city image, video length and language characteristics of the short videos themed on Beijing cuisines that go viral on the Internet with the coded information extracted from the top 30 related short videos with most likes published on TikTok, so as to investigate their commonalities and shared features. An in-depth analysis is provided as the result with specific cases taken into account to propose for the production and communication of similar videos and to provide certain references for the construction and communication of the image of corresponding cities.
A Review on Strategies and Development of the Live Broadcast for Agricultural Products under COVID-19
Authors: Li Kejia
Published: January 2023

Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2019, a large number of agricultural products can not be sold. In this situation, live webcasting is used to help farmers sell agricultural products. Most consumers who cannot go out to buy agricultural products because of the epidemic can experience the same shopping pleasure as offline shopping through live broadcasting. Through the method of literature review, this paper summarizes four modes of live broadcast for agricultural products, including the live broadcast initiated by mainstream media, Internet celebrities, officials, and farmers themselves. At the same time, it summarizes the current existing problems, such as the lack of professional knowledge of live-streamers, high logistics prices, and a low rate of agricultural product purchase. On this basis, the future development prospects of live broadcasting in assisting agriculture are discussed.
Research on How Live Streaming Helps Revive the Chinese Economy under COVID-19
Authors: Wu Zhiying
Published: January 2023

Since 2019, the epidemic has been the focus of people in all countries. Until now, it continues to frustrate economic development, human health, and social stability. How to help the economy recover under the epidemic has become a daunting task with far-reaching significance in this era. This paper focuses on China, where live streaming is prevalent, and thus explores how it has helped revitalize the Chinese economy. The research method is to cite the data brought by various live streaming platforms and government department reports to illustrate the contribution and importance of live streaming. Finally, this paper demonstrates that live streaming has the potential to make an outstanding contribution to the revitalization of the Chinese economy, including eradicating poverty in rural areas, stimulating consumption and taxation, and promoting the transformation of the economy.
The Analysis of Why Women Kill Season 2 Based on the Development of Feminism in China
Authors: Guo Zhen
Published: January 2023

The second season of Why Women Kill has been widely disseminated and discussed in China. By combining an in-depth viewing of Why Women Kill II and the current development of Chinese feminism, this paper adopts the textual close reading to analyze the connotation of beauty, the awakening of female self-awareness, and the abnormal development of Chinese feminism. The work hopes to promote the further development of Chinese feminism, raise the level of gender consciousness in the whole society and accumulate experience and provide reference for similar feminist drama series and related researches in China and abroad.
Development of Internet of Things in the field of smart home security
Authors: Shi Guoyi
Published: January 2023

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and the constantly breakthrough of sensing technology, the Internet of Things has been further applied to the field of smart home security. The progress of the Internet of Things in the field of smart home security not only improves the efficiency of civil home security, but also improves people’s life experience. This paper first introduces the security range of the Internet of Things technology applied in the field of smart home security, and then introduces Zigbee, a typical communication network of the Internet of Things. Then it introduces the sensors involved in environmental monitoring and intelligent door lock in the Internet of Things. In the end, it summarizes the content of this paper.
Consumers’ Adopt Intention for Contactless Delivery during COVID-19: An Extended Perspective on The Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Wang Haotian , Chen Mengxin
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 is a severe disease and has now spread around the world as a highly infectious pandemic. COVID-19 has rapidly and deeply affected our daily life, and most countries have taken measures to prevent the spread of this disease, such as restricting entry and centralized isolation. Contactless delivery is a non-face-to-face delivery method which help ensure sufficient distance between the rider and the customers, thus further reduces the pandemic transmission risk. While relatively few people know and adopt this service. This study used the theory of planned behaviour to investigate people’s intention to adopt contactless home delivery services during COVID-19. Research results provide both contributions to academics and practitioners.
The Effect of Algorithmic Recommendations on Female University Students’ Willingness to Engage in Romantic Behaviour
Authors: Guo Conghui , Guan Xuexin
Published: January 2023

With algorithmic recommendations becoming an important way and means of information distribution, social media platforms are developing rapidly, and students in colleges and universities today have become the main audience for their information access. In this paper, through the application of TPB model in the intention to fall in love of young female groups in colleges and universities, four variables, namely attention, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, were studied in depth, and a research model of factors influencing the relationship behaviour of young female groups was constructed based on the theoretical model of planned behaviour. According to the results, the factor of attention did not have a significant positive effect on relationship behaviour intentions, and behavioural attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control (PBC) had a significant positive effect on relationship behaviour intentions.
A Contrastive Corpus Study on Lexical Features of the English Translation of the Report of the 20th and 19th CPC National Congress
Authors: Zhang Yiyu , Wang Lin , Hu Wenming , Yao Xiajing
Published: January 2023

As the channel spreads the Chinese voice and promotes Chinese culture, the status of political document translation is self-evident with the deepening of global communication. Taking the English translation of the reports of the 20th and the 19th CPC National Congress as examples, this paper makes a contrastive study of their lexical features in a corpus-based way. With the assistance of corpus analysis software such as AntConc, TagAnt and WordSmith4.0, the author investigates TTR (type-token ratio), lexical density, average sentence length, high-frequency words, and keywords between two reports. It is found that the report of the 20th CPC Nation Congress has more diversified and native expressions with fewer words used, which provides a guiding significance for the English translation of political documents.
Guidelines for Green Design of Televisions
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Zhang Xin , Yang Yutao , Li Husheng , Yuan Han
Published: January 2023

This paper regulates the purposes and basic principles of green design of televisions, and provides the green design requirements and procedures of televisions. This paper will provide the guiding targets for the television manufacturer, standardize the enterprise behavior of televisions, and lead the television product enterprise to implement the product green design, which is of great significance in promoting the transformation and upgrading of television product, enhancing the green manufacturing level and increasing the green product supply.
Influence and Prospect of Artificial Intelligence on the Development of Cultural Industry
Authors: Meng Chao , Juanatas Ronaldo , Niguidula Jasmin
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, the products carried by artificial intelligence are all over people’s life, such as online shopping, intelligent security, remote diagnosis and treatment, life services, driverless, online distance education, and other services. Artificial intelligence not only allows people to enjoy convenient and fast life benefits, but also brings a certain degree of anxiety to the times. In recent years, with the continued popularity of the “artificial intelligence + culture” industry, the integration of cultural industry and artificial intelligence has become an inevitable development trend. The promotion of technology ultimately serves to improve the quality of human life. Artificial intelligence not only brings convenience, but also brings opportunities and challenges to the cultural industry.
MpFedcon : Model-Contrastive Personalized Federated Learning with the Class Center
Authors: LI Xingchen , FANG Zhijun , SHI Zhicai
Published: January 2023

Federated learning is an emerging distributed privacy-preserving framework in which parties are trained collaboratively by sharing model or gradient updates instead of sharing private data. However, the heterogeneity of local data distribution poses a significant challenge. This paper focuses on the label distribution skew, where each party can only access a partial set of the whole class set. It makes global updates drift while aggregating these biased local models. In addition, many studies have shown that deep leakage from gradients endangers the reliability of federated learning. To address these challenges, this paper propose a new personalized federated learning method named MpFedcon. It addresses the data heterogeneity problem and privacy leakage problem from global and local perspectives. Our extensive experimental results demonstrate that MpFedcon yields effective resists on the label leakage problem and better performance on various image classification tasks, robust in partial participation settings, non-iid data, and heterogeneous parties.
User-Centered Design to Reduce Inappropriate Blood Transfusion Orders
Authors: Morse Brad , Anstett Tyler , Mistry Neelam , Porter Samuel , Pincus Sharon , Lin Chen-Tan , Novins-Montague Sylvie , Ho P. Michael
Published: January 2023

Background To improve blood transfusion practices, we applied user-centered design (UCD) to evaluate potential changes to blood transfusion orders.

Objectives The aim of the study is to build effective transfusion orders with different designs to improve guideline adherence.

Methods We developed three different versions of transfusion orders that varied how information was presented to clinicians ordering blood transfusions. We engaged 14 clinicians (residents, advanced practice providers [APPs], and attending physicians) from different specialties. We used the think aloud technique and rapid qualitative analysis to generate themes to incorporate into our modified orders.

Results Most end-users who participated in the semi-structured interviews preferred the interruptive alert design plus behavioral nudges (n = 8/14, 57%). The predominant rationale was that the in-line alert was not visually effective in capturing the end-user's attention, while the interruptive alert forced a brief stop in the workflow to consider the guidelines. All users supported the general improvements, though for different reasons, and as a result, the general improvements remained in the designs for the forthcoming trial.

Conclusion The user experience uncovered through the think aloud approach produced a clear and rich understanding of potentially confounding factors in the initial design of different intervention versions. Input from end-users guided the creation of all three designs so each was addressing human factors with parity, which ensured that the results of our study reflected differences in interruptive properties of the alerts and not differences in design.
Melatonin Treatment of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder in Obese Children Affects the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level
Authors: Huang Xuesong , Huang Ying , Hu Bing
Published: January 2023

Background Previous studies proved that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is correlated with sleep regulation, yet how BDNF functions and reacts in the melatonin treatment of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder (CRSWD) among obese children remain enigmatic. Focusing on CRSWD in obese children, this study monitored their sleep efficiency and serum BDNF level changes during the treatment of melatonin.

Methods In total, 35 obese children diagnosed with CRSWD were included in this study and administrated melatonin (3 mg/night) for 3 months. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before and after the treatment (08:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 24:00, and 04:00). Subsequently, the plasma melatonin level and serum BDNF level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sleep parameters, including sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as well as melatonin and BDNF levels before and after treatment, were recorded to profile the effectiveness and safety of melatonin treatment.

Results Melatonin treatment increased plasma melatonin concentration and restored circadian rhythm. Besides, the serum BDNF level showed a significant increase, representing a strong positive correlation with melatonin concentration (p = 0.026). Patients experienced much-improved sleep efficiency (P < 0.001), with longer actual sleep time (P < 0.001), shorter sleep onset latency, and fewer awakenings after treatment (P < 0.001). Besides, melatonin was well tolerated by patients without producing severe side effects.

Conclusion Melatonin treatment effectively improved CRSWD among obese children with their serum BDNF levels increased, indicating that BDNF is a key regulator in CRSWD in obese children. This study may offer theoretical support for melatonin treatment of CRSWD in obese children.
Intelligence artificielle et traduction
Authors: Cennamo Ilaria , de Faria Pires Loïc
Published: January 2023

S’il est vrai que « l’intelligence artificielle et les médias sociaux ont considérablement modifié notre rapport à
la communication en général et à la traduction en particulier » (EMT 2017, 2), il faut
pourtant constater que l’impact de ce nouveau paradigme de l’intelligence artificielle sur la formation universitaire et sur la
pratique professionnelle est loin de contribuer à une harmonisation des pratiques. Dans le cadre de cette contribution, nous
essaierons de développer une réflexion autour de la compétence traductive à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) en vue de
déterminer la mesure dans laquelle la compétence traductive évolue actuellement dans le contexte de la formation universitaire et
celui de la traduction institutionnelle pour répondre aux nouveaux modes d’interaction avec les systèmes de traduction automatique
neuronale. Notre objectif est, en ce sens, de contribuer à l’identification des perspectives d’intégration de la traduction
automatique neuronale, dans le sens d’une convergence entre formation et profession. Dans un premier temps (cf. Sections 1 et 2), on se propose de définir ce que devient
la traduction à l’ère de l’intelligence artificielle, en accordant une attention particulière à l’acquisition des compétences
technologiques. Dans un deuxième temps (cf. Sections 3 et 4), ces compétences spécifiques seront mises en relation avec les pratiques professionnelles et notamment celles qui
caractérisent le flux de traduction de la direction générale de la traduction (DGT) de la Commission européenne. Les compétences
technologiques telles qu’elles ont été définies par le réseau européen des masters en traduction (EMT), dans le référentiel
élaboré en 2017 et adopté pour la période 2018–2024, seront utilisées ici pour appuyer
nos propos, dans le sens où ce référentiel constitue un pont entre la formation et la pratique professionnelle.
Axial constants and sectional regularity of homogeneous ideals
Authors: DeBellevue Michael , Lebovitz Audric , Li Yik , Lotfi Mohamed , Mohite Shivam , Pan Xin , Pathak Mrigank , Roshan Zamir Shah , Seceleanu Alexandra , Zhang Sindy
Published: January 2023

We introduce a notion of sectional regularity for a homogeneous ideal

I
I

, which measures the regularity of its general sections with respect to linear spaces of various dimensions. It is related to axial constants defined as the intercepts on the coordinate axes of the set of exponents of monomials in the reverse lexicographic generic initial ideal of

I
I

. We show the equivalence of these notions and several other homological and ideal-theoretic invariants. We also establish that these equivalent invariants grow linearly for the family of powers of a given ideal.
Racialized differences across experiences and measurements of pain in genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder
Authors: Azim Katharina A , Happel-Parkins Alison , Moses Amy , Haardoerfer Regine
Published: January 2023

Background

Despite a growing body of research on genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD), few studies have examined racial and ethnic differences.

Aim

The goal of this study was to examine differences across racial groups pertaining to GPPPD with sexual vaginal intercourse in young college women at 2 public US universities.

Methods

Data were collected from 1197 students from 2 public US universities. We limited our sample to 667 sexually active participants aged ≥18 years (mean, 19.21). Participants responded to survey items on their sexual history, wellness, and practices and to the Female Sexual Function Index. Data were analyzed through standard bivariate and regression analyses.

Outcomes

Participants were asked, “In general, do you feel pain with sexual intercourse?” and categorized into 1 of 3 pain groups: occasional (10%-25% of the time), frequent (≥50%), and no pain (<10%).

Results

GPPPD was prevalent among young college women, with 162 (24.3%) reporting pain occasionally, 119 (17.8%) frequently, and 386 (57.9%) never or very seldom. While there were no differences in pain between Latina and non-Latina participants, our analysis indicated that pain was significantly higher among all other minoritized racial groups as compared with White women but particularly high in Black women, who had 2.15-higher odds of reporting pain than White women. Differences persisted when adjusting for socioeconomic status. Specific descriptors for pain sensation were more aligned with traditional descriptors of GPPPD (eg, burning, stinging, cramping, and pinching) in the White sample than among participants of color. Pain intensity did not differ among racial groups. We also found that a significant number of participants, particularly Black women, reported experiencing painful sex occasionally. No differences were noted across racial groups when assessing sexual function with the Female Sexual Function Index.

Clinical Implications

Existing surveys and physician intake forms should be critically examined for usability with patients of color. As evidenced, Black women’s GPPPD seems to go underdetected/undetected by current measures.

Strengths and Limitations

This study is the first to explicitly compare racial differences among adolescents/young adults. The most notable limitation is the reliance on participant self-report and the absence of gynecologic examination to determine pain-contributing etiologies.

Conclusion

Painful intercourse affects young Black women at a higher rate than White women. Further research is needed into categories and metrics that capture their experiences of pain.
Predictors of female sexual problems in Shanxi, China: a population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic survey
Authors: Yuan Duo , Zhang Xian-hui , Pan Jie , Zhang Ying-an , Li Zhao-ai , Li Xiao-li
Published: January 2023

Background

Large studies on female sexual function have been conducted globally. Nonetheless, whether the state of female sexual function in China is significantly different from that in the rest of the world is largely unknown.

Aim

In this study, we aimed to investigate the associated risk factors for sexual problems in women in Shanxi, China, by conducting a population-based cross-sectional epidemiological survey.

Methods

Using the Chinese version of the Female Sexual Function Index (CV-FSFI), we surveyed women aged 20-70 years to diagnose the sexual problems. We used multiple linear regression models to estimate the risk factors for sexual problems.

Outcomes

We used the CV-FSFI for investigating the female sexual function.

Results

Our results included 6720 women, of whom 1205 were the sexually inactive and 5515 were sexually active. The mean FSFI score for sexually active women was 25.38 ± 4.20 (99% CI 25.27-25.49). Negative numerical coefficients were found for model predictors of age (B = −0.134, P < 0.001), postmenopausal status (B = −2.250, P < 0.001), chronic diseases (B = −0.512, P < 0.001), and gynecologic diseases (B = −0.767, P < 0.001). In contrast, positive numerical coefficients were found for education (B = 0.466, P < 0.001) and cesarean section (B = 0.312, P = 0.009).

Clinical Implications

It is important to pay attention to the sexual health of women and explore the factors influencing the sexual problems of women in China.

Strengths and Limitations

The present study is to our knowledge the first to evaluate the sexual function of women in Shanxi, China. Answers to questions asked in the CV-FSFI survey may be somewhat subjective, and thus additional tools and documentation are probably needed for accurate assessment.

Conclusion

Similarly to other worldwide studies, our study found that increasing age, postmenopausal status, chronic diseases, and gynecological diseases were risk factors for sexual problems, whereas high education levels and cesarean section childbirth were protective factors for sexual problems.
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and premature ejaculation: an overview of systematic reviews/meta-analyses using the AMSTAR 2, ROBIS, and GRADE tools
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Ibrahim A , Abo-Aly Mohamed , Mostafa Taymour
Published: January 2023

Introduction

The place of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in treating premature ejaculation (PE) remains a therapeutic challenge.

Objectives

(1) To summarize the evidence of the efficacy and safety of PDE5-Is from published systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs). (2) To evaluate the reporting, methodological quality, and evidence quality of SRs/MAs concerning PE.

Methods

Nine databases were searched to retrieve SRs/MAs on using PDE5-Is for PE from inception to July 2022. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed with the AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) and ROBIS (Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews). GRADE criteria (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) were used to assess the evidence quality.

Results

The literature search revealed 15 relevant SRs/MAs covering 28 primary studies (9 pairwise MAs and 6 network MAs) rated as low or very low quality and high risk of bias except 1 review that was rated as moderate quality and low risk of bias. Among the 27 outcome measures related to efficacy and safety, the quality of evidence according to GRADE criteria was low in 4 and critically low in 23. Oral PDE5-Is have demonstrated a possible benefit over placebo in lifelong PE and mixed PE. The results of pairwise and network MAs advocated that the combined use of PDE5-Is and SSRIs is of possible benefit as compared with either SSRIs or PDE5-Is alone. The total adverse effects were more frequent with PDE5-Is than placebo.

Conclusion

PDE5-Is are of a possible benefit than placebo in lifelong PE and mixed PE. The results favor coadministration of PDE5-Is plus SSRIs over SSRIs alone or PDE5-I monotherapy. These conclusions should be interpreted cautiously due to the low methodological quality and low quality of evidence of most available reviews. Additional higher-quality randomized controlled trials, SRs, and MAs are warranted to provide a better estimate of any effect size.
K-wire Versus Screw Fixation in Displaced Lateral Condyle Fractures of the Humerus in Children: A Multicenter Study of 762 Fractures
Authors: Cummings Jason L. , Schwabe Maria T. , Rivera Asdrubal E. , Sanders Julia , Denning Jaime R. , Neal Kevin , Bellaire Laura L. , Choe Josh , Gaio Natalie , Goldstein Rachel , Crowe Mary , Hosseinzadeh Pooya
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

Lateral humeral condyle fractures account for 12% to 20% of all distal humerus fractures in the pediatric population. When surgery is indicated, fixation may be achieved with either Kirschner-wires or screws. The literature comparing the outcomes of these 2 different fixation methods is currently limited. The purpose of this study is to compare both the complication and union rates of these 2 forms of operative treatment in a multicenter cohort of children with lateral humeral condyle fractures.

Methods:

This retrospective study was performed across 6 different institutions. Data were retrospectively collected preoperatively and 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on the type of initial treatment: K-wire fixation and screw fixation. Statistical comparisons between these 2 cohorts were performed with an alpha of 0.05.

Results:

There were 762 patients included in this study, 72.6% (n=553) of which were treated with K-wire fixation. The mean duration of immobilization was 5 weeks in both cohorts, and most patients in this study demonstrated radiographic healing by 11 weeks postoperatively, regardless of treatment method. Similar reoperation rates were seen among those treated with K-wires and screws (5.6% vs. 4.3%, P=0.473). Elbow stiffness requiring further intervention with physical therapy was significantly more common in those treated with K-wires compared with children treated with screws (21.2% vs. 13.9%, P=0.023) as was superficial skin infection (3.8% vs. 0%, P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in nonunion rates between the two groups (2.4% vs. 1.3%, P=1.000).

Conclusion:

We found similar success rates between K-wire and screw fixation in this patient population. Contrary to previous studies, we did not find evidence that treatment with screw fixation decreases the likelihood of experiencing nonunion. However, given the unique complications associated with K-wire fixation, such as elbow stiffness and superficial skin infection, the treatment with screw fixation remains a reasonable alternative to K-wire fixation in these patients.

Level of Evidence:

Level III—retrospective comparative study
Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Amiodarone Treatment: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Jørgensen Adam El Mongy , Hermann Thomas Steffen , Christensen Hanne Rolighed , Dalhoff Kim Peder
Published: January 2023

Background:

Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug used to prevent supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. It has substantial toxicity; however, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) seems unclear in the absence of a therapeutic range or an association between amiodarone blood concentration and effect. In this review, the authors examined the reported amiodarone blood concentration measurements in the last 10 years and subsequently noted the frequency by which TDM was used to optimize therapy.

Methods:

In March 2022, the Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched for articles published in English in the previous 10 years using the keywords “amiodarone,” “therapeutic drug monitoring,” or “serum/plasma/blood”.

Results:

This study included 19 of the 478 articles identified. TDM has not been studied in conjunction with regular amiodarone maintenance therapy. One study used TDM during the initial treatment phase but the amiodarone dose was not changed. In 3 other case reports, TDM was used to guide amiodarone treatment through drug–drug interactions, and plasma levels of the active metabolite mono-N-desethyl-amiodarone (MDEA) verified 2 amiodarone toxicities.

Conclusions:

Because the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone is not correlated with blood concentrations and is easily detectable by electrocardiogram, the routine use of TDM in maintenance therapy is controversial, as evidenced by a scarcity of published literature in the recent decade. Furthermore, amiodarone toxicity is evident with normal/low amiodarone or MDEA levels; hence, TDM of amiodarone provides no therapeutic benefit to patients.
Any alcohol use in NAFLD patients is associated with significant changes to the intestinal virome
Authors: Hsu Cynthia L. , Lang Sonja , Demir Münevver , Fouts Derrick E. , Stärkel Peter , Schnabl Bernd
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:

The prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are increasing worldwide, leading to the increasing likelihood of both etiologies contributing to a patient’s liver disease. However, the effects of modest alcohol use in NAFLD are controversial and more studies are needed. We compared the intestinal viromes of patients with AUD and NAFLD in order to evaluate the effect of alcohol consumption on the intestinal viromes of NAFLD patients by extracting virus-like particles and performing metagenomic sequencing.

Approach and Results:

Viral nucleic acids were extracted from fecal samples and subjected to metagenomic sequencing. We demonstrate significant differences in the intestinal viromes of NAFLD and AUD patients, and that alcohol use in NAFLD patients reclassified to MAFLD accounted for significant differences in the intestinal viromes. The relative abundance of several Lactococcus phages was more similar between AUD patients and alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients than non–alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients and control subjects, and multivariate modeling using the most discriminating Lactococcus phages could better predict alcohol use in the MAFLD population than the alcohol-associated liver disease/NAFLD Index. Significant differences in the viral composition and diversity were also seen between MAFLD patients with low and moderate alcohol consumption compared with no alcohol consumption.

Conclusions:

The intestinal virome of MAFLD patients who consume low to moderate amounts of alcohol are significantly different from those who do not, and many features of the intestinal virome of alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients resemble that of AUD patients.
Midline 1 interacting protein 1 promotes cancer metastasis through FOS-like 1-mediated matrix metalloproteinase 9 signaling in HCC
Authors: Chiu Yung-Tuen , Husain Abdullah , Sze Karen Man-Fong , Ho Daniel Wai-Hung , Suarez Eliana Mary Senires , Wang Xia , Lee Eva , Ma Hoi-Tang , Lee Joyce Man-Fong , Chan Lo-Kong , Ng Irene Oi-Lin
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:

Understanding the mechanisms of HCC progression and metastasis is crucial to improve early diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to identify key molecular targets involved in HCC metastasis.

Approach and Results:

Using whole-transcriptome sequencing of patients’ HCCs, we identified and validated midline 1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) as one of the most significantly upregulated genes in metastatic HCCs, suggesting its potential role in HCC metastasis. Clinicopathological correlation demonstrated that MID1IP1 upregulation significantly correlated with more aggressive tumor phenotypes and poorer patient overall survival rates. Functionally, overexpression of MID1IP1 significantly promoted the migratory and invasive abilities and enhanced the sphere-forming ability and expression of cancer stemness-related genes of HCC cells, whereas its stable knockdown abrogated these effects. Perturbation of MID1IP1 led to significant tumor shrinkage and reduced pulmonary metastases in an orthotopic liver injection mouse model and reduced pulmonary metastases in a tail-vein injection model in vivo. Mechanistically, SP1 transcriptional factor was found to be an upstream driver of MID1IP1 transcription. Furthermore, transcriptomic sequencing on MID1IP1-overexpressing HCC cells identified FOS-like 1 (FRA1) as a critical downstream mediator of MID1IP1. MID1IP1 upregulated FRA1 to subsequently promote its transcriptional activity and extracellular matrix degradation activity of matrix metalloproteinase MMP9, while knockdown of FRA1 effectively abolished the MID1IP1-induced migratory and invasive abilities.

Conclusions:

Our study identified MID1IP1 as a regulator in promoting FRA1-mediated-MMP9 signaling and demonstrated its role in HCC metastasis. Targeting MID1IP1-mediated FRA1 pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against HCC progression.
Taste Changes after Atresioplasty in Patients with Congenital Aural Atresia
Authors: Park Sung-Min , Kim Hack Jung , Son Se Eun , Cho Yang-Sun
Published: January 2023

Objective

We evaluated chorda tympani nerve (CTN) and postoperative taste dysfunction according to anomaly severity and intraoperative CTN status.

Study Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Tertiary referral center, Samsung medical center hospital.

Patients

Thirty-one patients who underwent atresioplasty by a single surgeon in a tertiary referral center were enrolled.

Interventions

Therapeutic surgery.

Main Outcome Measures

Preoperative Schuknecht type and Jahrsdoerfer score and intraoperative CTN status were recorded, and a postoperative questionnaire was administered to evaluate taste function.

Results

A significant difference was found among intact, cut, and unidentified groups in terms of Schuknecht type (p = 0.000) and Jahrsdoerfer score (9.28 ± 1.11, 8.80 ± 0.83, 8.10 ± 0.93, p = 0.028). CTN was observed in Schuknecht type B, and not in type C (p = 0.000), and was more likely to be observed as Jahrsdoerfer score increased (p = 0.012). Taste disturbance tended to last longer in adult patients than in children. A significant difference was observed in the incidence of taste change between cut and intact CTN groups (p = 0.018).

Conclusion

CTN was not identified during surgery in patients with Schuknecht type C anomalies, and there was no change in taste after surgery. Meanwhile, CTN was observed in all patients with Schuknecht type B anomalies, and CTN injury occurred in 41.67%. Therefore, CTN presence can be predicted by severity of anomaly, and patients with type B anomalies should be informed of the risk of CTN injury before surgery.