bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About modification of foundry magnesium alloys
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Y. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: September 2023

It is shown that the main modifiers of foundry magnesium alloys cannot create heterogeneous crystallization centers in melts during their solidification. Modification of alloy structures is an adsorption‑nanostructural process. It is shown that adsorbed hydrogen is a modifying element of the structures of foundry magnesium alloys. The mechanism of their modification consists in a large decrease in the concentration of adsorbed hydrogen in melts by significantly reducing the concentration of dissolved hydrogen.
Investigation of the structure of heat-resistant alloys under direct laser cultivation
Authors: Baranov D. A.
Published: September 2023

In this work, the following studies were carried out: the structure of the starting materials (metal‑powder composition) of heat‑resistant nickel alloys EP648 and VJ159; sphericity, fluidity and bulk density of powder particles from heat‑resistant nickel alloys EP648 and VJ159; elemental (chemical) composition of powder particles of heat‑resistant nickel alloys EP648 and VJ159; the effect of technological and energy parameters of laser radiation on defect formation (pore) in manufactured (grown) blanks (samples); structure formation of manufactured samples from heat‑resistant nickel alloys EP648 and VJ159.

Based on the results obtained, the following were determined: the causes of the formation of satellites on the particle surface of metal‑powder compositions made of heat‑resistant nickel alloys EP648 and VJ159; the causes of the formation of a "layered" and fine‑grained multidirectional structure of manufactured (grown) blanks; the regularities of the effect of the crystallization rate of the melt bath on the total area of defects (pores) in the metal.
On the stability of aluminum oxide in carbon steel melts
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Y. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: September 2023

It is shown that hydrogen atoms in carbon steel melts are surface‑active elements for aluminum oxide microcrystals. Adsorbed hydrogen atoms reduce the interfacial surface energy and increase the resistance of small aluminum oxide microcrystals to coagulation. To reduce their stability in liquid carbon steels, it is necessary to reduce the concentration of dissolved hydrogen in them. Active modifiers reduce the concentration of adsorbed hydrogen. This enhances the process of coagulation of small microcrystals of aluminum oxide into larger particles that can quickly float in the melt.
The effect of special additives on the physico-mechanical properties of mixtures used for the manufacture of cores by the cold-box-amine-process
Authors: Koreniugin S. V. , Rovin S. L.
Published: September 2023

The article presents an analysis of the effect of various special additives on the physical and mechanical properties of sand‑resin mixtures used for the manufacture of cores by the cold‑box‑amine process. Two groups of additives that have the most significant effect on the thermal conductivity of mixtures were studied: additives containing metals or their oxides and carboncontaining additives and composites. The influence of these additives on the tensile strength of the mixtures in the cured state, on their gas content and gas permeability was determined, the results obtained were compared with the characteristics of the reference mixture made without the use of additives.
Development of high-speed installation design and wire galvanizing technology
Authors: Zuev D. B.
Published: September 2023

The article presents a new design of a high‑speed small‑size wire galvanizing plant. Electrolytic method of zinc deposition is implemented using two methods of current supply. The quality of the zinc coating was evaluated. Practical recommendations have been developed for the method of applying zinc coating. The new galvanizing unit reduces dimensions compared to existing wire galvanizing units and increases wire pulling speed.
Composite welds reinforced in volume with lanthanides
Authors: Usherenko Y. S. , Usherenko S. M. , Minkov A. L. , Yazdani‑Cherati A. H.
Published: September 2023

Under the conditions of dynamic impact of high‑speed clusters of powdered micro‑particles on the volume zone of welding between 110G13 and St.10 steel plates, longitudinal strengthening channel elements are formed, and rare earth elements such as lanthanum and cerium are also synthesized.
The use of high-strength cast iron with a ferritic structure for the reciprocating displacement system of the internal combustion engine pistons and the improvement of its operation parameters
Authors: Yankevich S. N. , Khrol I. N. , Koval’ko M. S. , Palidavets I. I.
Published: September 2023

A study of compositions of samples of high‑strength cast iron, the use of which is possible in the development of an internal combustion engine with an improved design of a combined reciprocating conversion system, has been carried out. A number of research methods were carried out, including isothermal hardening. The optimal combination of strength and plastic properties have samples from high‑strength cast iron containing, wt.%: 2.9–3.1 C; 3.2–3.5 Si; 0.28–0.31 Mn; 0.7 Cu; 0.35 % Mo and 0.025

B. Also, in the course of the study, the possibility was considered and studies were conducted on quenching cast iron in a spray chamber and jet cooling, as an alternative to traditional quenching in molten salts. The data obtained indicate that during jet‑air isothermal quenching, the structure of cast iron is completely and uniformly formed along the cross‑section, while providing a level of tensile strength up to 950 MPa, hardness up to 360–370 NV while maintaining elongation at tension up to 8 %. The use of such a class of cast iron in improved KSPVPP will both increase the life of the internal combustion engine as a whole, and improve its operational characteristics – reduce noise and reduce the weight of the structure.
Working conditions at the workplaces of the charge sections of foundries
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M. , Sadokha M. A.
Published: September 2023

The working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers when performing work on the charge sites, production factors determining them are considered. The results of studies of the parameters of the working conditions of the considered professions of foundry workers in comparison with the standard values are presented. It is established that in a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of workers at the charge sections of foundries, it is necessary to take into account the duration of stay at the working equipment, the equipment and hand tools used, the type of alloy being smelted (steel, cast iron, non‑ferrous metals) and the nature of production.
Landau damping of dust acoustic solitary waves in nonextensive dusty plasma
Authors: Kabalan Najah , Ahmad Mahmoud , Asad Ali
Published: September 2023

تم دراسة الأمواج السوليتونية الصوتية الغبارية  تحت تأثير تخامد لانداو للبلازما الغبارية الفضائية تحوي أيونات خاضعة لتوزع سرعة غير شامل. قمنا بالتحقيق في تأثير تخامد لانداو والبارمتر غير الشامل   على البنى السوليتونية الصوتية الغبارية من خلال الحل العددي لمعادلة كورديفيك- دي فريس المعدلة بحد تخامد لانداو. باستخدام طريقة الاضطراب الاختزالية قمنا باستنتاج معادلة كورتيفيك – دي فريس مع إضافة حد تخامد لانداو.  أظهرت هذه الدراسة أنً كثافة حبيبات الغبار تلعب دوراَ أساسياً في ظهور أو عدم ظهور الأمواج السوليتونية DA في البلازما الغبارية،  والتأثير الواضح للخاصية غير الشاملة للأيونات على ظاهرة تخامد لانداو للبنى اللاخطية المتشكلة في البلازما الغبارية. تفيد نتائج هذه الدراسة في محاولة فهم الآلية الفيزيائية للانتشار الأمواج السوليتونية تحت تأثير تخامد لانداو في بيئات البلازما المغبرة غير الشاملة كالمناطق الكوكبية، والأغلفة المغناطيسية، وبيئات البلازما الفضائية.
Synthesis, Characterization and Bioactivity Evaluation for Some Metal Ions Complexes with New Ligand Derived from 2-hydroxy-1- napthaldehyed
Authors: Abd-Alaziz Andy Mohammed , Al-Hamdani Abbas Ali Salih , Mahmmoud Waleed Ali , AbdulRaheem Zinah Hazim
Published: September 2023

تم مفاعلة قاعدة شيف المُحضرة حديثًا (E)-2-((2-phenylhydrazono)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol (مشتق فينيل هيدرازين) مع كل من الأيونات المعدنية التالية: Ni2 + ، Cu2 +   Zn2 + , Cd2+للحصول على معقدات فلزية بأشكال هندسية مختلفة. تم الاستدلال عن تكوين معقدات قاعدة شيف وأيضًا قاعدة شيف الأصلية باستخدام كروماتوغرافيا السائل-مطياف الكتلة التي تتفق مع الكتلة المولية التي تم الحصول عليها نظريا، أثبت دراسات مطيافية الاشعة تحت الحمراءحدوث التناسق من خلال N من azobenzene و اوكسجين مجموعة ال OH من خلال ملاحظة الانزياح في قمةazomethines والظهور كل من قمتيM-N و N-O. علاوة على ذلك ، يمكننا أيضًا أن نكتشف بواسطة هذا الجهاز وجود جزيء ماء داخل مجال التناسق. كشفت أطياف UV-Vis لجميع النتائج عن حدوث تناسق من خلال ملاحظة الانزياح في الانتقالات الإلكترونية التي حدثت في الليكاند في المنطقة فوق البنفسجية. تثبت قياسات TGA و DSC لكل من الليكاند و معقد النيكل أيضًا تكون المعقد ووجود جزيء ماء داخل مجال التناسق. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كانت نتائج التوصيلية المولارية و الامتصاص الذري اللهبي FAA أقرب إلى نتائج المحسوبة نظريا. أعطت نتائج التشخيص معقدات أحادية النواة وسلوك ثنائي السن واشكال هندسية رباعي السطوح لجميع المعقدات. اعتمادا على خاصية المضادات الحيوية لقاعدة شيف ومعقداتها ، قمنا بدراسة الفعالية الحيوية لقاعدة شف ومعقداتها كما مفصل في المخطوطة.
Solving Fuzzy Rayleigh Model with Application
Authors: Abdullah Suhaila N.
Published: September 2023

في هذا البحث اشتققنا وقدرنا معلمتي توزيع رالي باستخدام طريقة تعظيم دالة الامكان المقدرة وطريقة المربعات الصغرى المقدرة وطريقة العزوم المقدرة . تم استخدام اسلوب المحاكاة للعديد من أحجام العينات وللعديد من القيم الابتدائية وتم التوصل بأن طريقة العزوم المقدرة هي الأفضل من بقية الطرق الأخرى باستخدام اسلوب متوسط مربعات الخطأ. ومن ثم تم استخدام تقدير الفترات لإيجاد المقدر لمعلمة الموقع ومعلمة القياس لتوزيع رالي. بعد ذلك استخدمت دالة العضوية المثلثية لإيجاد المعلمات الضبابية المقدرة لطريقة العزوم لتوزيع رالي. وفي النهاية استخدمنا الدالة الزمنية الترتيبية لتحويل المعلمات الضبابية المقدرة الى معلمات تقليدية وتم التوصل بأن المعلمات الضبابية المقدرة هي الافضل.
Detection of some virulence factors among Candida albicans isolated from patients and prevalence of candidalysin gene ECE1
Authors: Al-Qaysi Safaa A. S. , AL-Rubaie Sokayna R. M. AL-Rubaie
Published: September 2023

المبيضات البيضاء هي مسبب شائع لعدوى الجهاز التنفسي وداء المبيضات الفموي لدى الناس ، ومسببات أمراض الخميرة الانتهازية والأسباب الرئيسية للمرض والوفيات لدى الأشخاص الذين يعانون من نقص المناعة وتسبب التهابات سطحية على الأسطح المخاطية التي تصيب ملايين الأشخاص في جميع أنحاء العالم.  كان الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة هو التحقق من انتشار بعض عوامل الضراوة التي لها القدرة على تكوين الأغشية الحيوية (Biofilm)، والبروتينيز  (Proteinase)، وإنتاج الهيمولايسين( Hymolysine) بين  عزلات  C. albicans التي تشمل انتشار جين Candidalysin (ECE1).  تم جمع العينات خلال الفترة من ايار 2022 الى اب 2022  من 280 عينة (مسحة) لمرضى عراقيين  من مختلف الاعمار والاجناس غير مكررين  كانوا يعانون من داء المبيضات الفموي وامراض الجهاز التنفسي في مستشفيات بغداد (مستشفى مدينه الطب و مستشفى اليرموك التعليمي ومستشفى مدينه الامامين الطبية التعليمية).  تم زراعة العينات التي تم جمعها على وسط اكار  السابرويد  دكستروز (SDA) مضاف اليه كلورامفينيكول كمضاد للبكتيريا بتركيز 10 ميكجم / مل ، وتم حضن الاطباق الملقحة على وسط SDA عند 37 درجة مئوية لمدة تتراوح بين 24-48 ساعة.أظهرت نتائج الاستنبات أن 102 عينة كانت موجبه، منها58 (56.86%) من تجويف الفم و 44 (43.14%) من الجهاز التنفسي،  بينما 178 منها كانت سالبة , تم الكشف عن عزلات المبيضات باستخدام الطرق التقليدية والتي تشمل (النمو على وسط HiCrome Candida ، إنتاج الأنبوب الجرثومي Germ tube ، تكوين الابواغ الكلاميديه Clamydospore   وتم تأكيد نتئج التعريف باستخدام نضام VITEK-2  بينت النتائج ان من بين 102 عزلة C. albicans هي الاكثر شيوعا بين الانواع بنسبة 68.63 % ثم تلتها C. tropicalis  بنسبة %10.78  ثم C. kruzei %5.88  وC. kefyr %5.88 C. parapsilosis % 4.9  بينما كانت C. glabrata %  3.9  وتمثل النسبة الاقل بين الانواع . تم فحص حساسية عزلات المبيضات للأدوية المضادة للفطريات بطريقة انتشار القرص ، والتي أجريت على النحو الموصى به بواسطة(CLSI) M44-A -وثيقة  . أظهرت العزلات درجة عالية من الحساسية للأمفوتريسين-ب 93.14%    وكلوتريمازول 90.20% ونسياتين 85.92% ،تم التحقق من انتشار جينCandidalysin (ECE1)  بين 70 عزلة من C. albicans باستخدام تقنية تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل  PCR  ، وأظهرت النتائج أن 41  58.57%  تحتوي على جين Ece1 في تجويف الفم والجهاز التنفسي. و 34 عزلة  48.57%  من C. albicans كانت منتجة قوية للغشاء الحيوي,  بينما 30 عزلة 42.86%  عزلة انتجت بروتيناز و 20 عزلة  28.57%  عزلة لديها القدرة على تحلل الدم.
Geologic and Geochemical Features of the Upper Devonian Coals of the North Timan (the Sula River Coal Field)
Authors: Bushnev D.A. , Burdel’naya N.S. , Snigirevsky S.M. , Beznosov P.A. , Kotik O.S. , Pronina N.V. , Grin’ko A.A.
Published: September 2023

—The composition of the oldest coals of the Timan–northern Urals region has been studied comprehensively, and their hydrocarbon and microcomponent characteristics are given. The relationship between different types of coals and Late Devonian plant communities of the North Timan is revealed. It is also determined that some samples contain microspores, megaspores, and plant remains belonging mainly to the lycopod Helenia. The most probable source of jet coals is identified as the wood of the progymnosperm Callixylon. The values of vitrinite reflectance and Tmax and the data on the distribution of polycyclic biomarkers and methylphenanthrenes indicate the low maturation of the coal organic matter. The coal bitumen investigated here is characterized by the dominance of steranes and diaster-13(17)-enes of compositions C28 and C29. The following diterpanes are identified: beyerane, 16α(H)-kaurane, 16β(H)-kaurane, and 16α(H)-atisane. At the same time, phyllocladane is absent.
Geochemical Facets of the Inikan Formation as Indicators of Stratification and Hydrochemistry of the Cambrian Paleobasin
Authors: Merenkova S.I. , Kalmykov G.A. , Puzik A.Yu. , Gabdullin R.R. , Bad’yanova I.V. , Volkova M.A. , Kazymov K.P. , Shiroyan M.M.
Published: September 2023

—Geochemical studies of Inikan Formation rocks from the coastal outcrops of the Yudoma River were carried out. All analyzed lithological varieties are characterized by significant enrichment in B, Ni, Mo, Ag, Sb, U (redox-sensitive trace metals and elements associated with biodeposition). The source of the elements was sea water that leached them from the eolian material. It was found that the deposits accumulated in anoxic environments with periods of both euxinic (probably, in the bottom water mass) and suboxic conditions. Such anoxic and euxinic conditions developed due to the stable stratification of the ocean that existed in the early–middle Cambrian in this part of the basin. In addition, the long-term accumulation of organic-rich sediment under conditions of anoxia, periodic euxinia, and stable stratification indicates the presence of a geomorphologically isolated depression in this part of the basin. CIA-Kcorr ranges from 68 to 95. The low values of the CIA may be related to the height of the relief in the sedimentary source area.
Turga Lagerstätte (Middendorf’s Outcrop, Eastern Transbaikalia, Barremian–Aptian): Stratigraphic Range and Palaeoenvironments
Authors: Kosenko I.N. , Pestchevitskaya E.B. , Efremenko V.D. , Metelkin E.K. , Yan P.A. , Rodchenko A.P. , Nikitenko B.L. , Mirzabaev D.A.
Published: September 2023

—The age of the Turga Formation in the Middendorf’s outcrop is determined as latest Barremian–earliest Aptian based on fauna and microfossil assemblages. The composition of the fauna and palynomorph assemblages allows correlations between the Turga Formation and the Yixian Formation and lower part of the Jiufotang Formation of Northeast China. Results of the petrographic and geochemical analysis as well as microfossil studies showed that sediments accumulated in a shallow lake with low-energy hydrodynamics, sometimes under low-oxygen conditions. Climate features (warm temperate climate transitional to subtropical) and type of vegetation (coniferous forests with admixture of hardwoods) are reconstructed taking into consideration the composition of spore-pollen assemblages.
European rural regions supporting and hindering the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Scown Murray , Nicholas Kimberly
Published: September 2023

Transformation of rural land systems is essential if the European Union is to achieve its goal of fair and healthy food systems while becoming the first climate-neutral continent and halting biodiversity loss. Here we develop and apply a method to quantitatively assess the environmental and social sustainability of rural land systems in Europe, with regards to the EU Sustainable Development Goals and the Common Agricultural Policy. Using spatial hotspot analyses based on 24 indicators at the NUTS2 regional level, we identified two “brightspots” with good environmental and social performance (Nordics and Central Europe), and five “dragspots” hindering sustainability: the Balkans, the Lowlands, Northern Italy, Southern Italy and Malta, and Southern Spain. Existing subsidies over-reward large, intensive, unsustainable farms. A shift to low-intensity stewardship of high nature value farmland, and better integration of forests is necessary if rural systems are to transform to meet their social goals.
Daily temperature changes reveal compositional variation on asteroid (101955) Bennu
Authors: Brucato John , Poggiali Giovanni , Hamilton Victoria , Ferrone Salvatore , Clark Beth , Emery Joshua , Rozitis Ben , Barucci Maria Antonietta , Rogers Andrea , Glotch Timothy , Delbo Marco , Dotto Elisabetta , Pajola Maurizio , Christensen P.
Published: September 2023

Carbonaceous rubble pile asteroid 101955 Bennu was observed by the OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES) at different times of the day with different surface temperatures.
Prior results from OSIRIS-REx revealed that hydrated minerals are ubiquitous on Bennu, and OTES showed that Bennu’s surface is dominated by highly hydrated minerals, such those found in the bulk matrix of CI, CM and some CR carbonaceous chondrite meteorites.
In this work, we analyzed the OTES spectroscopic behavior in response to the change in temperatures throughout the day, and we detected anomalous temperature-dependent variations of mid-infrared (5.71 to 100 µm) spectroscopic features. Correlating temperature-dependent variation of infrared features with mineralogical composition, we identified that 9% of Bennu surface is dominated by anhydrous minerals.
This discovery further constraints Bennu's origin and evolutionary history. Bennu is made up of material reaccumulated after a catastrophic disruption of very different parent bodies. This identifies it as possible source of heterogeneous meteorite fall such as Kaidun and Almatha Sitta.
Long-term flux measurements suggest dynamic emission factors are needed for rewetted peatlands
Authors: Kalhori Aram , Wille Christian , Gottschalk Pia , Li Zhan , Hashemi Joshua , Kemper Karl , Sachs Torsten
Published: September 2023

Rewetting drained peatlands is recognized as a leading and effective natural solution to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, rewetting creates novel ecosystems whose emission behavior is not well captured by the currently used emission factors (EFs). These EFs are static and do not capture the temporal dynamics of GHG emissions. Hence, they often do not reflect the true emission reduction potential after rewetting. Here, we provide long-term data showing a mismatch between actual emissions and default EFs and revealing the temporal patterns of annual CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a rewetted peatland site in northeastern Germany. We show that site-level annual emissions of CO2 and CH4 approach the IPCC default EFs and those suggested for the German national inventory report only between 13 to 16 years after rewetting. Over the entire study period, we observed a source-to-sink transition of annual CO2 fluxes with a decreasing trend of -0.36 t CO2-C ha-1 yr-1, and a decrease in annual CH4 emissions of -23.6 kg CH4 ha-1 yr-1. Our results indicate that EFs should represent the temporally dynamic nature of peatlands post rewetting and consider the effects of site characteristics to better estimate associated GHG budgets.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Utilization of Traditional Medicine within The Plural Medical System in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Febriyanti Raden Maya , Saefullah Kurniawan , Susanti Raini Diah , Lestari Keri
Published: September 2023

Background
The concept of ‘medical pluralism’ has become more popular among scholars in applied health science and prevalent in societies where one medical system alone cannot adequately meet the health needs of the entire population.
Methods
As an ethnographic study of medical traditions, this study presents the dynamics of medical pluralism and utilization of the medical system in Kabupaten Bandung and examines how the character of the Sundanese community is reflected in the healthcare-seeking process.
Results
With regards to the total utilization by patients, the traditional medical system presents as the dominant medical system in the research area, accounting for 59.3% (n = 419) of total utilization, followed by the modern medical system (33.0%, n = 233), and transitional medical system (7.7%, n = 54). This study identified that village category, illness, illness duration, occupation, belief in traditional medicine, knowledge of modern medicine, accessibility, cost, proximity to the medical service, and insurance have significant (χ2 = .000) relationship with the utilization of medical systems. The results of the multivariate analysis show that the block of the predisposing socio-demographic factors and the block of the predisposing psycho-social factors correlate strongly with the utilization of medical systems.
Conclusions
In general, the population in Kabupaten Bandung seeks treatment from various sources, which in the context of the medical system, consists of the traditional, transitional, and modern medical system; therefore, it adopts the patterns of transcultural health care utilisation. In terms of the knowledge, beliefs, and practices of traditional medicine in West Java, the inhabitants of the five research villages were commonly familiar with medicinal plants and speak profoundly about their knowledge of traditional medicine, which in the research area is perceived as accessible, efficacious, affordable and culturally appropriate with Sundanese community.
A clinical case report of Pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in a disabled elder
Authors: Wang Dabing , Wang Xiang , Liu Wenqi , Cao Kekui , Cao Enfeng , Chen Yuewei
Published: September 2023

Background: COVID-19 has caused high mortality,especially among the elder. The main reason is severe pneumonia, resulting in tissue damage with diffrernt kinds of diseases. The timely and accurate diagnosis and the observation of disease progression play an important role in treatment.
Case presentation: We described a case of 90-year-old women with different chronic disease who developed a mild form of SARS-CoV-2 infection.The patient were unable to express herself due to sequelae of cerebral infarction. She did not get the severe pneumonia but suffering from inflammatory storm. The patient improved after giving the anti-inflammatory treatment.
Conclusion: The elderly have more risks to develop severe inflammation,Pay close attention to the health changes of disabled people.Finding the changes of the cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 and the association with the symptom changes timely and taking the effective way to protect the patient could decrease the possibility of servious illness .
Hot oscillating pressing sintered AlCoCrFeNi/nanodiamond high-entropy alloy composites
Authors: Gao Ka , Wu Ziqian , Ren Chunyang , Xiong Yan , Sun Dejian , Gao Yang , An Linan
Published: September 2023

In this work, AlCoCrFeNi/nanodiamond high-entropy alloy composites (HEA/diamond) were prepared for the first time by hot oscillating pressing (HOP) using nanodiamond as the reinforcing phase, and the evolution of microstructure and properties at different sintering temperatures were investigated. The microstructures of the HOPed HEA/diamond high-entropy alloy composites all consisted of the FCC phase, BCC phase and nanocarbide phase uniformly distributed in the interstices of the particles. With the increase in sintering temperature, the original powder particle boundaries in the composites gradually disappeared, the density progressively increased, and the microstructure defects decreased. At 1100°C, the dense density of the material reached its maximum, 99.7%. Moreover, the FCC phase volume fraction and carbide content further increased without significant microstructure coarsening. The hardness and corrosion resistance of the HOPed samples were better than the hot pressing (HP) samples at the same sintering temperature. Especially at lower sintering temperatures (1000°C and below), the microstructure uniformity of the composite material was significantly improved because the original particle boundaries and pores became smaller, and a small number of nanocarbides were uniformly distributed in the powder interstices. The performance of HEA/diamond was greatly enhanced by the carbide pinned reinforcement. The hardness reached a maximum of 566.48 HV1, and the corrosion current density and corrosion rate reached a minimum of 2.916 µm/cm2 and 0.013 mm/year, respectively, which was better than other alloys reported. However, at high temperatures (at 1100°C), the performance decreased due to a large amount of graphitization of diamond to generate carbides, which weakened the interfacial bonding. The results showed that high-density, high-performance HEA/diamond composites could be obtained by HOP at appropriate sintering temperatures.
The real experiences of breast fibroadenoma patients on focused ultrasound ablation surgery: a semi-structure qualitative interview study
Authors: Xiao Yao , Yang Lei , Li Zi , Yue Xuewen , Yin Heng , He Lingli , Rong Wei , Zhang Cai
Published: September 2023

Objective: To explore the real experiences and feelings of breast fibroadenoma patients on focused ultrasound ablation surgery (FUAS).
Methods: Qualitative study was designed by using semi-structured interviews with breast fibroadenoma patients at 6-month after FUAS. The topics of interview were set in five parts, including the experiences on medical consultation, the experiences on FUAS, the views on the effect of FUAS, emotional recovery and overall perception of FUAS. Interview continued until thematic saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed thematically using Framework Analysis method.
Results: Fourteen patients were included in this study. Women felt anxiety about breast fibroadenoma and favored minimally-invasive or non-invasive management. They were satisfied with the experiences and therapeutic effects of FUAS. They were also willing to choose FUAS again if they had new fibroadenoma in future and recommended to other patients with breast fibroadenoma.
Conclusion: From the patient’s perspective, FUAS of breast fibroadenoma effectively relieved their negative emotions, achieved their satisfaction, and improved their quality of life, which may have positive impact on the outcomes of FUAS.
Screening and validation of optimal miRNA reference genes in different developing stages and tissues of Lilium henryi Baker
Authors: Jin Ge , Zhang Xiuhai , Yu Shiyin , Du Yunpeng , Wang Meixian , Zhao Chunli , Zhang Mingfang
Published: September 2023

Dynamic miRNA detection using the qRT-PCR technique requires appropriate reference genes to ensure data reliability. Previous studies have screened plant internal reference genes during embryonic development and various stress treatment, involving relatively few tissues and organs. There is no relevant miRNA study in Lilium henryi Baker and limited research on the optimal miRNA reference genes in lilies. Twelve genes were selected as candidate reference genes whose expression stability was analyzed in petals at different developmental stages and other tissues using various algorithms, such as geNorm, Normfinder, Bestkeeper, and Delta CT. The results revealed that the optimal combination of reference genes in the Lilium henryi Baker petals at different developmental stages was osa-miR166m and osa-miR166a-3p, while that in the different tissues of Lilium henryi Baker was osa-miR166g-3p and osa-miR166a-3p.Four important genes related to growth and development regulation, namely, osa-miR156a, osa-miR395b, osa-miR396a-3p, and osa-miR396a-5p, were selected for validation. The findings of the present study would contribute to future investigations on the miRNA expression and the related functions in Lilium henryi Baker while providing important references for the normalization of the miRNA expression in other varieties of lily.
Topological features for the robustness of global supply chain networks
Authors: Kawasaki Tomoya , Yotsushima Tatsuki
Published: September 2023

The topological structure of modern global supply chain networks (SCNs) has become increasingly complex. In recent years, major disruption risk events haveemerged, disrupting complex SCNs. Since a global SCN is the aggregation of several sub-SCNs in terms of industries and countries (regions) and is temporally changing in its topological characteristics, robustness toward risk should be analysed by the community in consideration of its temporality. In this study, we aim (i) to propose a method to generate temporal SCNs of multiple communities, (ii) to evaluate the robustness of each SCN against error and attack risks, and (iii) to identify the topological features that influence the robustness of SCNs using real transaction data between firms. As a result, eight SCNs weredetected based on industries and countries, and the size of these SCNsincreased over time. The average shortest path length and degree distribution have similar impacts on each SCN, while the cluster structure diverges among SCNs. Regarding robustness against error and attack risk, unlike in existing studies, the SCNs are significantly partitioned at the initial firm removal rate. Only for attack risk, percolation transition was found at approximately 10% removal of firms. The relationship between robustness indicators and topological features is identified by panel data analysis, and we find that the significant topological features affecting robustness differ by type of risk.
Key influences on university students’ physical activity: a systematic review using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the COM-B model of human behaviour
Authors: Brown Catherine E. B. , Richardson Karyn , Halil-Pizzirani Bengianni , Atkins Lou , Yücel Murat , Segrave Rebecca
Published: September 2023

Background
Physical activity is important for all aspects of health. Most university students are not participating in the level of activity required to realise these benefits. Understanding the factors that influence physical activity in the context of behaviour change theory is valuable to inform the development of effective evidence-based interventions to increase university students’ participation in physical activity. The current systematic review a) identified barriers and facilitators to university students’ physical activity, b) mapped these factors to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and COM-B model, and c) ranked the relative importance of TDF domains.
Methods
Data synthesis included qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods research published from 2010–2023. Four databases were searched to identify publications on the barriers and facilitators to university students' physical activity. Data regarding study design and key findings (i.e., participant quotes, qualitative theme descriptions, and survey results) were extracted. Framework analysis was used to code barriers and facilitators to the TDF and COM-B model. Within each TDF domain, thematic analysis was used to group similar barriers and facilitators into descriptive theme labels. TDF domains were ranked by importance based on frequency, elaboration, and evidence of mixed beliefs.
Results
Thirty-nine studies involving 17,771 participants met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-six barriers and facilitators mapping to twelve TDF domains and the COM-B model were identified as relevant to university students’ physical activity. Three TDF domains, environmental context and resources (e.g. time constraints), social influences (e.g. exercising with others), and goals (e.g. prioritisation of physical activity) were judged to be of greatest importance (identified in > 50% of studies). TDF domains of lower relative importance were intentions, reinforcement, emotion, beliefs about consequences, knowledge, physical skills, beliefs about capabilities, cognitive and interpersonal skills, social/professional role and identity, and behavioural regulation. No barriers/facilitators relating to the TDF domains of memory, attention and decision process, or optimism were identified.
Conclusions
The current findings provide a foundation to enhance the development of theory and evidence informed interventions to support university students’ engagement in physical activity. Interventions that include a focus on the TDF domains 'environmental context and resources,' 'social influences,' and 'goals,' hold particular promise for promoting active student lifestyles.
Registration
Prospero ID - CRD42021242170
The RhoA GTPase regulates Type I Interferon Signaling in Systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Fan Wei , Wei Bo , Chen Xuyan , Zhang Yi , Xiao Pingping , Li Kaiyan , Zhang Yi qin , Huang Jinmei , Leng Lin , Bucala Richard
Published: September 2023

Objective. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by abnormal activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway, which results in tissue inflammation and organ damage. We explored the role of the RhoA GTPase in the type I IFN activation pathway to provide a potential basis for targeting GTPase signaling for the treatment of SLE.Methods. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients and healthy controls, and the mRNA expression levels of RhoA and IFN-stimulated genes were measured by SYBR Green quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE)-luciferase reporter gene assays and Western blotting were conducted to asssess the biologic function of RhoA. An Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) measured C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10(CXCL10)protein expression.Results. Our studies demonstrated that the expression of RhoA in the PBMCs of SLE subjects was significantly higher than healthy controls and positively correlated with type I IFN scores and type I IFN-stimulated gene (ISGs) expression levels. SiRNA-mediated knockdown of RhoA and the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor Y27632 reduced the activity of the type I IFN-induced ISRE, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT-1) phosphorylation, and the expression of CXCL10 and 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1(OAS1). Finally,we verified that Y27632 could significantly down-regulate the OAS1 and CXCL10 expression levels in PBMCs of SLE patients.Conclusion. Our study shows that RhoA positively regulates the activation of the type I IFN response pathway. Reducing the expression level of RhoA inhibits the abnormal activation of the type I IFN system, and the RhoA/ROCK inhibitor Y27632 decreases aberrant type I IFN signaling in SLE PBMCs, suggesting the possibility of targeting the RhoA GTPase for the treatment of SLE.
Utility Cryptocurrency Price Forecasting and Trading: Deep Learning Analytics Approaches
Authors: Mahapatro Susrita , Sahu Prabhat Kumar , Subudhi Asit , Dash Pradeep Kumar
Published: September 2023

Cryptocurrency emerged in the market as an asset with significant market capitalization; attracting traders, investors and researchers alike. The nature of cryptocurrency is very much volatile and dynamic which is the key challenge for the researchers for prediction of the cryptocurrency prices. In recent years, machine learning techniques along with deep learning techniques have witnessed promising results in various financial forecasting domains. This research paper presents a comprehensive investigation of Utility cryptocurrency price movement (XRP and Chainlink) using Deep Learning techniques. The study aims to compare the price using different methodologies. The research focuses on long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent units (GRU). Historical price data of XRP and Chainlink are employed to train and evaluate the models using different evaluation metrics such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), R2 score, Regression Score, (MGD), (MPD). This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge concerning cryptocurrency price prediction by shedding light on the effectiveness of time series models, sentiment analysis, and their hybridization. The objective is to populate findings that have significant implications for different stakeholders like investors, traders,, and financial institutions seeking to make informed decisions in the highly volatile cryptocurrency market.
Anthropogenic Determinants and Ecological Resilience of Aravalli: A Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest Ecosystem in India
Authors: Dhanwantri Kumud , Yadav K.K. , Dhote Meenakshi , Rajendra Kushagra
Published: September 2023

The Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest (TDDF) ecosystems in India, recognised for their unique biodiversity and socioeconomic significance, are undergoing multifaceted pressures from anthropogenic activities. This research paper concentrates on various anthropogenic determinants and their impact on the ecological resilience of India's TDDF ecosystem. It comprehensively investigates the intricate relationship between human activities and the environmental stability of a vital ecosystem of the Aravalli ranges neighbouring significant metropolitan cities in Haryana. Focused on a dry deciduous forest ecosystem, the research employs a qualitative approach to assess the impact of anthropogenic factors on ecosystem health and the potential for ecological resilience. By combining empirical observations, Google Earth satellite images, field investigations, analysis of legislative and policy documents, and personal interviews with key stakeholders, the study reveals the complex interplay between regulatory provisions, land-use changes, resource extraction, and biodiversity loss within the ecosystem. Furthermore, the research delves into the adaptive capacity of the ecosystem, analysing its ability to recover from disturbances induced by human actions. The findings shed light on critical thresholds and tipping points that can lead to irreversible changes. Ultimately, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics between human activities and ecosystem resilience, offering valuable insights for informed conservation and sustainable management strategies in tropical dry deciduous forest ecosystems and similar environments globally.
The Accessibility and Utilization of University Health Care Services among Staffs and Undergraduate Students of University of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulganiyu Abdulazeez
Published: September 2023

Background
Despite the critical role of knowledge development in tertiary institutions through monitoring and evaluation of health care delivery, many Nigerian universities, including the University of Lagos, conduct little or no research on health care service consumption. This study investigated how accessible health services are at the University of Lagos Health Centre, with the intention that the findings may assist the institution's health services management in improving health care planning, organization, and delivery.
Methods
The non-experimental research design was used in this study. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, and a quantitative technique was used with a questionnaire as the study instrument. The location was the University of Lagos. The study population for this study were the staffs (both academic and non-academic) and undergraduate students in the University of Lagos, Akoka campus. A total number of 300 sample size was considered for this study. The multi-stage sampling involving snowballing and purposive sampling technique was applied to this study. To construct univariate and bivariate tables, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20) computer software was utilized. The Chi-square test was performed at the 0.05 level of significance.
Results
The study indicated that a significant majority of respondents have experienced difficulties in accessing the UHC (95.31%), while a very small percentage have not (4.69%). The study indicated that relationship exists between user’s status and the quality of services they are provided by the Unilag health center because P value is > 0.005. Also, the chi-square calculated indicated that a relationship exists between utilization and satisfaction with quality of services provided by the Unilag health center.
Conclusion
Overall, this study's comprehensive exploration provided insights that extend beyond the surface, shedding light on the intricate interplay between socio-economic factors, healthcare experiences, and perceptions within a university setting. It serves as a valuable foundation for addressing existing challenges and enhancing the overall well-being of the university community through improved healthcare services and communication strategies.
Effect of foliar spray with Eucalyptus extracts on disease incidence and yield loss to spot blotch in Wheat Bhakkar 2001 under greenhouse condition
Authors: Bahadar Khalida , Khan Saira , Munir Anjum , Asad Shahzad
Published: September 2023

The efficacy of foliar spray with different treatments of flowering buds extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis L. and Eucalyptus torelliana F. Muell on the yield performance of wheat (Bhakkar 2001) artificially infected by Bipolaris sorokiniana was evaluated in green house. The foliar aerosol of crude extract at 1, 5 and 10% concentrations were applied under 3 spray schedules. Untreated (Healthy) and unsprayed (Diseased) controls were also managed. The effect of treatments with different spray schedules was highly significant (P < 0.05) for both of physiological and yield parameters such as plant height, leaves length/width, grain yield/spike and 1000 grain weight. Weight of 1000-grain decreased with increasing level of disease severity. Maximum decrease in number of grains/spike (16–20) was recorded in unsprayed control. In case of number of grains/spike, for each unit increase in disease severity, 0.395 units decrease in number of grains/spike were observed. The R2 (0.473) value indicates that 47.3% variations in grains yield/spike were caused by disease severity. Among the different spray schedules, spray I schedule with a 10 days gape spraying at 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 days after inoculation appeared to be most effective, which was statistically similar to spray II schedule with a 15 days gape spraying at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAI in reducing black point incidence and increasing grain yield. From economic point of view spray II schedule that containing four spray applications was found best followed by Spray III schedule that containing only three spray applications applied at 15, 35 and 55 DAI.
A Study on Bias Detection and Classification in Natural Language Processing
Authors: Evans Ana Sofia , Helena Moniz , Luisa Coheur
Published: September 2023

Human biases have been shown to influence the performance of models and algorithms in various fields, including Natural Language Processing. While the study of this phenomenon is garnering focus in recent years, the available resources are still relatively scarce, often focusing on different forms or manifestations of biases. The aim of our work is twofold: 1) gather publicly-available datasets and determine how to better combine them to effectively train models in the task of hate speech detection and classification; 2) analyse the main issues with these datasets, such as scarcity, skewed resources, and reliance on non-persistent data. We discuss these issues in tandem with the development of our experiments, in which we show that the combinations of different datasets greatly impact the models’ performance.
Elucidation of the mechanisms of α-linolenic acid and its derivative in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer using network pharmacology
Authors: Meng Yue , Liu Yuan , Shao Jingjing , Qian Hongyan , Huang Qinlin , Qi Jingjing , Liu Jun
Published: September 2023

Purpose
α-Linolenic acid (ALA) and its derivative docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been reported to play an anticancer role in multiple types of cancer. However, their molecular targets in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been investigated.
Methods
The common target genes of NSCLC, ALA and DHA were obtained by intersections between disease and drug databases. The common targets were imported into the STRING database to build a PPI network. The hub genes were selected in Cytoscape. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to reveal the function of potential targets, and the prognosis of hub genes was obtained by KM analysis. Moreover, molecular docking of target molecules and ligands was carried out using AuToDock software to select the ligand‒receptor with the lowest binding energy for molecular dynamics simulation.
Results
A total of 8357 targets of NSCLC, 15 targets of ALA and DHA, 12 common targets of diseases and drugs, and 9 targets of PPI interactions were obtained. The Kaplan‒Meier plotter showed that the mRNA expression of the 3 hub genes was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and first progression survival (FPS) in NSCLC patients. These results showed good binding between the drug components and the hub targets. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the binding of RXRA and DHA tends to be stable.
Conclusions
In this study, we investigated the basic pharmacological effects of ALA and DHA in treating NSCLC and concluded that ALA and DHA have multitarget and multipathway actions in the treatment of NSCLC.
Incidence of Traumatic Optic Neuropathy Associated with Subtypes of Orbital Wall Fracture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alshammari Abdulmohsen Jameel , AlRajhi Bassam , AlNojaidi Taif Fawaz , Alqam Rakan Abu , Madani Firas Mohamed , Alrajeh Mohammed
Published: September 2023

Background: Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a rare condition with serious consequences. One common cause of TON is orbital wall fracture, which can occur at any site. This study aimed to report the incidence of TON in orbital wall fractures.
Materials and Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Scopus, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) was conducted. The following terms were used: (traumatic optic neuropathy OR blindness) AND (craniofacial trauma OR facial fractures OR fracture pattern OR orbital wall fracture OR Visual field orbital wall fractures) AND (Visual acuity OR Visual evoked potential) AND (Mega-dose steroid therapy OR corticosteroids). This review encompassed both Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and observational investigations, comprising both prospective and retrospective studies.
Results: Four studies met our inclusion criteria with 2720 patients included in this study. Most of the patients were males (n = 2175, 80%). A total of 3791 orbital wall fracture subtypes were reported in the included patients. Of them, 1522 patients had multiple fractures. The highest incidence of fracture was floor fracture, with an Event Rate (ER) of 42.2%, followed by lateral fracture (ER = 37.9%), roof fracture (ER = 36.2%), and medial fracture with ER (29%). Motor vehicle accidents were the most common injury mechanism reported in 46 patients, compared with traumatic injuries reported in 23 patients.
Conclusion: Lateral and superior orbital wall fractures were the most common orbital fractures in patients with TON. Periorbital hematoma and subconjunctival hemorrhage were the most frequently reported complications. Hence, ophthalmologists treating patients with TON should prepare radiological assessments and consider the surrounding structures to prevent damage to other structures.