bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potentialities of multi-b-values diffusion-weighted imaging for predicting efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Liu Bing , Ma Wan-Ling , Zhang Guang-Wen , Sun Zhen , Wei Meng-Qi , Hou Wei-Huan , Hou Bing-Xin , Wei Li-Chun , Huan Yi
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To testify whether multi-b-values DWI can be used to ultra-early predict treatment response of CCRT in cervical cancer patients and to assess the predictive ability of concerning parameters. Methods: 53 patients with biopsy proved cervical cancer were retrospectively recruited in this study. All patients underwent pelvic multi-b-values DWI before and at the 3rd day during treatment. Tumor diffusion parameters were calculated by mono-exponential (apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC), bi-exponential (Dslow, Dfast and fp) and stretched exponential (distributed diffusion coefficient, DDC and α) models. Treatment response was assessed based on RECIST v1.1 at 1 month after the completion of whole CCRT. Parameters were compared using independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used for statistical evaluations. Results: ADC-T0 (p=0.02), Dslow-T0 (p<0.01), DDC-T0 (p=0.03), ADC-T1 (p<0.01), Dslow-T1 (p<0.01), ΔADC (p=0.04) and Δα (p<0.01) were significant lower in non-CR group patients. ROC analyses showed that ADC-T1 and Δα exhibited high prediction value, with area under the curves of 0.880 and 0.869, respectively. Conclusion: Multi-b-values DWI can be used as a noninvasive technique to assess and predict treatment response in cervical cancer patients at the 3rd day of CCRT. ADC-T1 and Δα can be used to differentiate good responders from poor responders.
Community Memory Screening as a Strategy for Recruiting Older Adults into Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Authors: Peavy Guerry M. , Jenkins Cecily W. , Little Emily A. , Gigliotti Christina , Calcetas Amanda , Edland Steven D. , Brewer James B. , Galasko Douglas , Salmon David P.
Published: January 2020

Background: Growing awareness of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has prompted a demand for quick and effective ways to screen for memory loss and cognitive decline in large numbers of individuals in the community. Periodic Memory Screening Day events provide free, brief cognitive screening aimed at those 65 years and older, and can serve as an opportunity to gauge participants’ attitudes towards AD research and recruit them into ongoing research projects. Methods: Over 6 single-day events in 2 years, more than 574 individuals were individually screened using the MoCA and a story recall task (immediate and delayed), given feedback about their performance, and introduced to AD research and opportunities to participate.Results: Screening classified 297 individuals (52.0%) as having “No Decline”, 192 (33.6%) as “Possible decline” and 82 (14.4%) as “Likely decline”. Those with “Likely decline” were older and less educated, had more memory concerns, were more likely to be men, and were less likely to have a positive family history of dementia than those with “No Decline”. Subsequent validation of screening procedures against a full clinical evaluation showed 72% classification accuracy with a skew towards over-calling Possible and Likely decline and thereby guiding questionable individuals to a more thorough evaluation. Of those screened, 378 (66%) agreed to additional research and consented to being listed in a research registry; and a majority (70-85%) of those consenting reported they were amenable to various AD research procedures including lumbar puncture, MRI and autopsy. Overall, 19.1% of those screened met inclusion criteria for ongoing studies and were successfully recruited into AD research. Conclusions: Conducting a few concentrated community memory screening events each year may help meet the public’s demand for brief assessment of memory concerns and can be a relatively effective and efficient recruitment strategy for AD research.
RAPGEF2 mediates oligomeric Aβ-induced synaptic loss and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Jang You-Na , Jang HoChung , Kim Gyu Hyun , Noh Jeong-Eun , Chang Keun-A , LEE KEA JOO
Published: January 2020

Background: Excessive neuronal activity promotes amyloid-β (Aβ) production in the brain. The Aβ oligomer triggers synaptic degeneration that precedes plaque and tangle pathology. However, the signaling molecules that link Aβ oligomers to synaptic pathology remain unclear. RAPGEF2, a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase Rap, plays a role in activity-dependent synapse remodeling and is involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy commonly observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and mouse models. Thus, we postulated that the perturbation of the RAPGEF2 signal may contribute to Aβ oligomer-induced synaptopathy in AD. Methods: To investigate the potential role of RAPGEF2 in Aβ oligomer-induced synaptic and cognitive impairments in AD, we utilized a combination of approaches including biochemistry, molecular cell biology, light and electron microscopy, behavioral tests with primary neuron cultures, multiple AD mouse models and postmortem human AD brain tissue. Results: We observed significantly elevated RAPGEF2 levels in the postmortem human AD hippocampus. RAPGEF2 levels also increased in the transgenic AD mouse models, generating high levels of Aβ oligomers before exhibiting synaptic and cognitive impairment. RAPGEF2 upregulation activated its downstream effectors Rap2 and JNK. In cultured hippocampal neurons, oligomeric Aβ treatment increased the fluorescence intensity of RAPGEF2 and reduced the number of dendritic spines, while silencing RAPGEF2 expression blocked Aβ oligomer-induced spine loss. Additionally, the in vivo knockdown of RAPGEF2 expression in the AD hippocampus prevented cognitive deficits and the loss of excitatory synapses. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that the upregulation of RAPGEF2 levels mediates Aβ oligomer-induced synaptic and cognitive disturbances in the AD hippocampus. We propose that early intervention regarding RAPGEF2 expression may have beneficial effects on early synaptic pathology and memory loss in AD.
Aqui tudo é crónica, excepto o que não é: as crónicas e o legado de António Lobo Antunes
Authors: Corrêa de Sá André
Published: January 2020

Ao mesmo tempo que defende a importância dos seus romances para a história literária, António Lobo Antunes desvaloriza as suas crónicas, alegando que a sua utilidade se reduz ao facto de poderem ajudar-nos a ler melhor os romances. Este ensaio procura traçar uma linha divisória alternativa entre os dois modos discursivos de Lobo Antunes, argumentando que a forma da crónica se mostra mais apta do que o romance para desenvolvermos um “pensamento ecológico” (Morton). Concluirei sugerindo que essa dimensão será responsável por converter o universo das crónicas no legado decisivo do autor.
Fernando Arenas (1963-2019)
Authors: Ferreira Ana Paula
Published: January 2020

The untimely death of Fernando Arenas on October 30, 2019 has left his partner, mother and brothers, who were by his side at the time, with much pain and an indescribable sense of loss. For his colleagues, his death is a major loss in Lusophone Studies, the field that he helped to forge with unrelenting conviction, generosity and kindness. As I share the outline of a memory that others will want to fill-in, I mourn a close friend and colleague of more than two decades without whom life in Minnesota will never be the same.
A PRODUÇÃO DO SENTIDO PESSOAL PARA O EXERCÍCIO DA DOCÊNCIA NO PERCURSO FORMATIVO DE UMA ESTUDANTE DE PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Martinez Adriana Ofretorio de Oliveira Martin , De Moura Anna Regina Lanner
Published: January 2020

Propomos, neste artigo, discutir a produção de sentido pessoal para a docência de uma estudante de Pedagogia (Estudante P) quando participou da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado que compôs, ao longo de um ano letivo, com outras disciplinas do curso – o Projeto Integrado (um projeto de integração disciplinar) – de uma universidade pública. Esse Projeto solicitou aos estudantes de Pedagogia a realização de tarefas formativas, dentre elas, a escrita de quatro narrativas reflexivas, que, com as falas de uma entrevista com os estudantes, compôs o corpus da pesquisa de mestrado na qual referenciamos este artigo. Da análise das narrativas e da entrevista da Estudante P, foi possível observar, pelo aporte da teoria da Atividade de Leontiev (2004), que a produção dos sentidos pessoais estava relacionada às problematizações que a estudante fez das experiências vividas no exercício da docência no estágio, na elaboração e realização do projeto de ensino e nas relações estabelecidas entre colegas e professores. Foi também possível conjecturar que a escrita narrativa constituiu-se um modo de tomada de consciência, pela estudante, do caráter formativo das atividades realizadas durante sua participação no Projeto
ENSINO HÍBRIDO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: UMA INTERSECÇÃO POSSÍVEL
Authors: Gaspi Suelen De , De Oliveira Magalhães Júnior Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2020

Esta pesquisa apresenta contribuições teórico-metodológicas para o ensino de Educação Ambiental (EA) na perspectiva do Ensino Híbrido. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se a organização da atividade didática, no modelo de Ensino Híbrido, proporciona condições adequadas para o despertar de um sujeito ecológico pautado na Educação Ambiental Crítica. Os dados da pesquisa foram organizados e interpretados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo e evidenciaram que as ações de EA possibilitaram a condução de uma nova perspectiva dos estudantes em relação ao meio ambiente, denotando um desejo de mudança e transformação ambiental, no entanto, destacou a necessidade de ampliação do discurso de EA que considere as questões sociais; demonstrou, ainda, que as tecnologias foram aliadas no processo de ensino, dinamizando a aprendizagem e culminando em ações de autonomia e criticidade por parte dos alunos.
CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO NOS CURRÍCULOS DA ÁREA DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Leite Fabiane Andrade , Wenzel Judite Scherer , Radetzke Franciele Siqueira
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta como tema a contextualização nos processos de ensino da área de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias. O estudo constitui-se em identificar compreensões de contextualização descritas nas publicações do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências nos últimos dez anos e em documentos oficiais que norteiam o currículo da educação básica no Brasil. Por meio do processo de análise, foram identificadas três categorias: a) contextualização como ensino significativo; b) contextualização como inter-relação do conhecimento científico e do conhecimento cotidiano e c) contextualização como superação do modelo de ensino transmissivo. As categorias não são excludentes no processo de ensino e retratam novas compreensões de ensinar e de aprender indiciando a contextualização como modo de qualificar o ensino de ciências.
ANÁLISE DA PRÓPRIA PRÁTICA NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS POR MEIO DE SEQUÊNCIAS INVESTIGATIVAS (SI) ENVOLVENDO NOÇÕES DE FÍSICA COM ALUNOS DOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Gerhardt Manfredo Elizabeth Cardoso , Lobato Sílvia Cristina da Costa
Published: January 2020

Trata-se de uma pesquisa da própria prática na qual a professora considerou o processo de ensino- aprendizagem de seus alunos, tomando-o como objeto de estudo. Tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento de duas Sequências Investigativas (SI) na construção de conhecimentos físicos de alunos sobre o fenômeno da flutuação de corpos na água, tecendo reflexões sobre essa prática. A pesquisa foi realizada com alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola pública onde atua a professora-pesquisadora. Na mediação do processo, os alunos foram estimulados a questionar e apreender a realidade, com vistas à construção de seus conhecimentos nas SI. Nestas, foram desenvolvidas noções conceituais relativas ao fenômeno estudado através da experimentação e reflexão coletiva, sendo todo o processo registrado em vídeo e no diário de campo da professora. Como resultado relativo aos alunos evidenciou-se o exercício do pensamento reflexivo, levantamento e teste de hipóteses na resolução de problemas, com ampliação de conceitos cotidianos sobre o fenômeno da flutuação e desenvolvimento da autonomia relativa ao próprio processo de aprendizagem. No tocante às reflexões docentes, cabe destacar as aprendizagens aprimoradas por meio de análises, mediações e reflexões sistematizadas no processo investigativo da própria prática.

Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem. Conhecimentos físicos. Sequências Investigativas. Prática reflexiva
Transmissão da Variação da Taxa de Câmbio para os Preços de Exportação Brasileiros do Grão de Soja: um estudo comparativo do dólar e do euro
Authors: Copetti Leonardo Sangoi , Coronel Daniel Arruda
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu no exame da relação entre variações cambiais e os preços de exportação brasileiros do grão de soja, relação definida como o pass-through da taxa de câmbio, tendo como referência o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2018. Para tanto, estimaram-se dois modelos: em dólar e em euro. Os dados foram coletados nos sites do Instituto de Economia Aplicada – IPEA e no WORLD BANK. Neste sentido, fez-se uso dos instrumentais de séries temporais, especialmente do Modelo Vetor de Correção de Erros. Os resultados encontrados forneceram indicações de que o grau de pass-through da taxa de câmbio para os preços de exportação do grão de soja ocorreu de forma incompleta, com os coeficientes para dólar e euro de, respectivamente, -0,29 e -0,33, representando que depreciações da taxa de câmbio não se traduzem em ganhos significativos de competitividade, dado que não reduzem expressivamente os preços de exportação.
As Principais Evidências acerca dos Conceitos de Logística Urbana: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Alves Vanessa Teresinha , Sari Vanessa , Ávila Lucas Veiga
Published: January 2020

A evolução das cidades tem alterado os sistemas de transportes e de distribuição de cargas, ocasionando problemas de mobilidade e de logística e exigindo a melhoria das operações de logística e de transporte. Esse artigo desenvolveu um estudo bibliométrico sobre as principais evidências, relacionadas às temáticas Logística e Logística Urbana, em nível mundial. Os dados foram coletados na base Web of Science do Institute for Scientific Information, utilizando-se como palavras-chaves os termos “Logistic” e “Urban Logist” e; delimitando-se a busca de 2008 a 2017. As publicações foram analisadas quanto a possibilidade de ser um “Hot Topic”, de acordo com a metodologia de Banks (2006). A maioria das publicações estão na língua inglesa, concentrando-se nos EUA e na China, sendo o Brasil o sétimo país com maior publicação. As maiores publicações foram nas áreas de Saúde Ocupacional, Ambiental Pública e nos Transportes, particularmente nos últimos três anos. A temática é recente e incipiente no Brasil. Mundialmente, é considerada um “Hot Topic” nas áreas: social, econômica; ambiental; de gestão; de logística internacional e de sustentabilidade e ainda; como com possibilidade de tornar-se um “Hot Topic” para outras, como operações e engenharia, essa última é uma importante área para estudos futuros.
As Guerras Alimentares no Mundo Globalizado
Authors: Kaufmann Marielen Priscila , Kubo Rumi Regina
Published: January 2020

A segunda edição do livro Food Wars: the global battle for mouths, minds and markets de Tim Lang e Michael Haesman, publicado em 2015, é uma obra que reúne importantes elementos para a discussão das políticas agroalimentares no mundo globalizado. Neste sentido, a resenha objetiva discutir algumas dos elementos acerca da configuração do moderno sistema agroalimentar, bem como apresentar o panorama dos autores, com relação à sustentabilidade ambiental e econômica mundiais, pensado a partir da alimentação. A publicação discute saúde pública, questões ambientais, regime de produção, armazenamento, distribuição, os mercados globais e seus arranjos, a perspectiva dos consumidores no mundo moderno e as políticas alimentares mundiais, contextualizado em nove capítulos, que retratam o panorama da problemática alimentar no mundo. Ademais, a grande contribuição dos autores para a pesquisa científica relacionada com a Sociologia da Alimentação é a interlocução entre temas como a sustentabilidade ambiental, a busca por saúde e qualidade de vida e a alimentação.
Desenvolvimento Regional e Gênero: mapeamento da formação docente e da produção intelectual nos PPG em Planejamento Urbano e Regional da Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Butzke Luciana , Theis Ivo Marcos , Negherbon Caroline Laíza , Brito Vivian
Published: January 2020

Os estudos sobre desenvolvimento regional e gênero procuram mostrar as imbricações entre relações de gênero, poder e espaço, suas permanências e possibilidades de mudança. Neste artigo se projeta luz sobre a presença das mulheres (sua formação e acesso a bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa) nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Urbano e Regional da região Sul. Uma constatação é que, a rigor, não há maiores diferenças entre mulheres e homens, exceto na distribuição de bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa. Na produção intelectual sobre gênero, em que estão em maior número, as mulheres tratam de temas como: o espaço rural e urbano, espacialidades em movimento, vulnerabilidades, sexualidade, grupos e instituições sociais. A presença dos estudos de gênero no desenvolvimento regional pode conferir maior abertura aos estudos regionais que têm tomado a região como recorte e contenção, oferecendo-lhes, em troca, uma compreensão relacional de região, que traz consigo o potencial libertador das identidades binárias e das hierarquias de raça e classe.
Territorialidade e Relações de Poder nos Assentamentos Rurais do Município de Nova Andradina/MS
Authors: Moreira Fabiano Greter
Published: January 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo demonstrar como as relações socioespaciais se territorializam nessa fração de território, apresentando análises da produção camponesa, destacando as diferenças no tamanho dos lotes, o período de criação dos Projetos de Assentamentos (PAs), suas estruturas produtivas, suas relações comerciais, entre outras. Utilizou-se como metodologia, a pesquisa qualitativa e a história oral, por meio de entrevistas junto aos assentados do município, preservando sua identidade e de demais participantes da pesquisa. Com os resultados podemos compreender que os processos de configuração territorial nos Projetos de Assentamentos no município de Nova Andradina/MS, possuem várias conflitualidades neste campo de estudo. Estas relações e configurações se iniciam antes mesmo de se estabelecer um processo de desapropriação, seja com os proprietários de terras e suas relações de poder que envolvem a centralidade agrária a qual estão inseridas, ou mesmo, os interesses sociais, políticos e econômicos gerados nos conflitos pelo uso e posse da terra.
A Novel Approach to Phototherapy Initiation in Preterm Infants
Authors: Manzar Shabih
Published: January 2020

Therapeutic interventions in preterm infants are determined based on birth weight. Phototherapy (PTx) is the treatment for
hyperbilirubinemia, started based on serum bilirubin level. However, weight-based guidelines for PTx in preterm infants are lacking. We present a
simple way of calculating the bilirubin to initiate PTx. A percentage body weight, ranging from 0.5%-1%, is used to calculate bilirubin.
Risk Factor Identification, Classification and Prediction Summary of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Arulanthu Pramila , Perumal Eswaran
Published: January 2020

:

The data generated by medical equipment is huge and humongous in size loaded with
valuable information. This data set requires an effective classification for accurate prediction. The
prediction of health issues is an extremely difficult task, especially Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
is one of the major unpredictable diseases in the medical field. Perhaps, certain medical experts do
not have identical awareness and skills to solve the issues of their patients. Most of the medical experts
may have unsubstantiated results on disease diagnosis of their patients. Sometimes, patients
may lose their life owing to disease severity. As per the Global Burden of Disease (GBD-2015) report,
death by CKD was ranked at 17th position whereas GBD-2010 reported the same at 27th among
the causes of death globally. Death by CKD constitutes 2.9% of all deaths between the years 2010
and 2013 among people in the age range of 15 to 69. As per the World Health Organization (WHO-
2005) report, CKD was the primary reason behind the death of 58 million people so far. Hence, this
article presents a state-of-the-art review of the classification and prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease
(CKD). Normally, advanced data mining techniques, fuzzy and machine learning algorithms
are used to classify medical data and disease diagnosis. This study reviews and summarizes many
classification techniques and disease diagnosis methods presented earlier. The main intention of this
review is to point out and address some of the issues and complications of the existing methods. It
also attempts to discuss the limitations and accuracy level of the existing CKD classification and
disease diagnosis methods.
Research on We—Media Information Retrieval Technology of Knowledge Map
Authors: Shanshan Zhu
Published: January 2020

As the development direction of information retrieval technology gradually evolves toward the relationship of search entities, traditional relational databases are difficult to satisfy, and graph databases are specifically created to handle the relationships between data. This article explains the basic concept of graph database, and takes the example of domain-specific database information retrieval as an example, analyzes its advantages and disadvantages, and analyzes the challenges faced by the graph database in full-text information retrieval.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES BY DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGER ACTIVITY OF RUELLIA BRITTONIANA FLOWER
Authors: TEJAPUTRI NADZILA ANINDYA , ARSIANTI ADE , QORINA FONA , FITHROTUNNISA QOTRUNNADA
Published: January 2020

Objective: The genus Ruellia has been widely used in traditional and Ayurvedic medicine as an antioxidant. This study seeks to examine the antioxidant activity of the species Ruellia brittoniana.

Methods: In this study, Ruellia brittoniana flowers were acquired from Depok, West Java, Indonesia. The flowers were cleaned and ground to form a powder, then dissolved in hexane, ethanol and ethyl acetate solvents. These three extracts were then tested for phytochemicals and thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were also analyzed for antioxidants using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method.

Results: Phytochemical results from the three extracts proved that Ruellia brittoniana contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides and triterpenes. These results are comparable to the results from TLC analysis, which showed the samples contained 4–5 chemical components. Furthermore, the best antioxidant activity resulted from the ethyl acetate extract of the Ruellia brittoniana flower with an IC50 value of 68.42 ppm.

Conclusion: An ethyl acetate extract from the Ruellia brittoniana flower can be used as a natural source of additional antioxidants.
THE IMPACT OF COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY ON HEART FUNCTION; A STUDY ON ABNORMALITIES IN ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY PATTERNS
Authors: SANTOSO DEWI IRAWATI SOERIA , MURTHI ADITYA K , YOLANDA SOPHIE , AMANI PATWA , SIANIPAR IMELDA ROSALYN
Published: January 2020

Objective: Cobalamin deficiency may cause a lack of dietary methyl donors, which alter the heart metabolism. Cobalamin deficiency is common in patients with malnutrition, gastric ulcers, diabetes mellitus, and alcoholism. Most studies on cobalamin deficiency are focused on its relationship with oxidative stress and atherogenesis. Therefore, this study aims to find the correlation between cardiomyocyte’s energy metabolism in cobalamin deficiency and the risk of heart abnormalities through analysis of electrocardiography (ECG) patterns.

Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 24-28 w) were divided into 2 groups: the control group and cobalamin-deficient group. The control group was given standard diet while the treatment group received a modified diet, type AIN-93M (deficient in cobalamin), for a period of 16 w. ECG was performed in both groups on the last day of the 16-week period. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was also performed to evaluate plasma Hcy and B12 levels in each group at the end of the treatment period.

Results: At the end of the 16-week period, higher Hcy level and lower plasma B12 level were observed in the treatment group when compared to the control group. ECG patterns showed sinus rhythms in both groups, with a higher QRS amplitude and duration in the treatment group. Two of the seven rats in the treatment group developed cardiac arrhythmia.

Conclusions: Cobalamin deficiency impairs the heart’s energy metabolism with left ventricular enlargement and arrhythmia.
EFFECT OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN METHANOLIC EXTRACT ON HEART HYPERTROPHY INDEX AND PGC-1α IN OVERTRAINED RAT
Authors: SANTOSO DEWI IRAWATI , QIBTIYAH MARIYAL , ANDRAINI TRINOVITA , BAYANI GULSHAN FAHMI EL , KARTINAH NENG TINE , N. NURUL PARAMITA , ILYAS ERMITA I. IBRAHIM
Published: January 2020

Objective: Studies have shown that prolonged physical exercise increases ventricular wall mass. Physiologically, this increase is followed by an increase of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, increases of ventricular mass in some cardiovascular diseases are not followed by an increase of PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis. No data regarding cardiac PGC-1α during an excessive physical exercise program that causes pathological conditions (overtraining) are available. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of overtraining on cardiac hypertrophy index and PGC-1α level. Furthermore, we aimed to elucidate the cardio protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (HSL) administration on these cardiac parameters.

Methods: Twenty-five male adult Wistar rats aged 8–10 w were randomly divided into five groups: control (C), control-HSL (C-HSL), aerobic training (A), overtraining (OT), and overtraining-HSL (OT-HSL). Treatments were conducted five times a week, for 11 w. Differences in heart mass were determined by measuring ratios of ventricular weight to body weight (hypertrophy index). PGC-1α levels were measured using an ELISA method.

Results: We found that overtraining increased ventricular wall mass; however, it did not increase cardiac PGC-1α levels, whereas mild-aerobic exercise robustly increased cardiac levels of PGC-1α. Furthermore, administration of a methanol extract of HSL did not show any significant effect on cardiac mass or PGC-1α level.

Conclusion: Thus, our study showed that ventricular hypertrophy elicited by overtraining conditions was not followed by an increase in cardiac PGC-1α, and administration of H. sabdariffa extract did not ameliorate this condition.
THE POTENCY OF SOURSOP LEAF WATER EXTRACT ON ACTIVATING GLP-1R, INHIBITING DPP4 AND FOXO1 PROTEIN BASED ON IN SILICO ANALYSIS
Authors: DAMAYANTI DINI SRI , NURDIANA  , KUSUMA M. CHANDRA , SOEADMADJI DJOKO WAHONO
Published: January 2020

Objective: Soursop leaf contains alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, acetogenin, and phenolics. Soursop leaf decoction is usually consumed as an anti-obesity agent, even though its active compounds and its action mechanism are still unclear. Computational approaches have been developed to predict the ability of an active compound to bring about biological effects. This study was designed to predict the potency of soursop (Annona muricata Linn.) water extract for the activating of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor (GLP-1R), Inhibiting Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4), and Forkhead Box Protein O1 (FoxO1) protein using in silico analysis.

Methods: Identification of active compounds contained in soursop leaf water extract was carried out using physicochemical methods and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). They were then analyzed using computational analysis, i.e., potential analysis using the Way2drug web server. Protein interaction predictions of GLP-1R with the active compounds found in soursop leaf water extract using STITCH. The affinities of the active compounds of soursop leaf to the proteins DPP4 and FoxO1 were also analyzed using molecular docking.

Results: Active compounds of the soursop leaf water extract contain 5-isopropenyl-3,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,3A, 4,5,6,7-octa hydro azulene (22.17%) and 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (phthalic acid) (57.30%). The active ingredients have not been shown to interact with GLP-1R. 5-isopropenyl-3,8-dimethyl-1,2,3,3A, 4,5,6,7-octa hydro azulene and phthalic acid both have a weak affinity for DPP4, and only phthalic acid has a weak affinity with the FoxO1 protein.

Conclusion: Phthalic acid has a weak potential as an inhibitor of the DDP4 and FoxO1 proteins.
ADVERSE REACTIONS TO FIRST-LINE ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS AS A RISK FACTOR OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT DEFAULT IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: SETIAWAN STEFANUS IMANUEL , ASCOBAT PURWANTYASTUTI
Published: January 2020

Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading fatal infectious diseases and remains a major health problem worldwide. Moreover, adverse effects of TB treatment can escalate treatment default. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between adverse reactions to anti-TB drugs and treatment default.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using medical record data of a total 172 adult patients with pulmonary TB who were treated with first-line anti-TB drugs at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia during 2014 and who experienced adverse reactions.

Results: Of the total, 127 patients (73.8%) had minor adverse reactions and 45 patients (26.2%) experienced major adverse reactions. Predominant adverse reactions included gastrointestinal disorders (34%) and drug-induced hepatitis (60%). There was a significant correlation between adverse reactions to anti-TB drugs and treatment default cases (odds ratio (OR), 9.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.20–20.72; p<0.001). The results of multivariate analysis showed that TB treatment outcome is affected by adverse drug reactions (OR, 10.91; 95% CI, 4.62–25.75; p<0.001), drug use in treating concomitant diseases (OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.30–7.05; p=0.010), and type of anti-TB drug used (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 0.99–5.83; p=0.045).

Conclusion: Based on these results, we showed that adverse reactions to anti-TB drugs can affect TB treatment outcome and can serve as a risk factor to treatment default.
SENSITIVITY OF BREAST CANCER STEM CELLS (CD24-/CD44+) TO DOXORUBICIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS
Authors: SYAHRANI RESDA A. , LOUISA MELVA , WANANDI SEPTELIA I.
Published: January 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the sensitivity of BCSCs to doxorubicin and its association with oxidative stress.

Methods: BCSCs (CD24-/CD44+) were treated with doxorubicin every 2 d for 14 d. The determination of cell viability was performed using a trypan blue exclusion assay. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using a dihydroethidium (DHE) and a 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probes. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA expression and specific activity were also analyzed. Glutathione (GSH) level was measured using Ellman’s method.

Results: The viability of the BCSCs decreased after 2 d of treatment with doxorubicin, but started to increase after 8 d. After 8 d of doxorubicin treatment, the ROS level in the BCSCs decreased, while the MnSOD specific activity increased. In addition, the MnSOD mRNA expression and GSH level were suppressed after 8 d of treatment.

Conclusion: Doxorubicin treatment induced cytotoxicity after 2 d by increasing the superoxide levels of the BCSCs. After 8 d of treatment, the sensitivity of BCSCs to doxorubicin decreased due to the suppressed oxidative stress from the enhanced antioxidant activity of the MnSOD.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF CURCUMA LONGA EXTRACT IN THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: FAHIRA ALESSA , SORAYA ALLYSA , ACHMADSYAH ARMAND , HAKIM RANI WARDANI
Published: January 2020

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease caused by inflammation of the tissue and bony structure of the joint, which affects more than 235 million people worldwide. Due to the adverse effects caused by the long-term use of standard treatment of OA, the attempt to find natural remedies to treat chronic diseases continues to rise. Curcuma longa is known to have anti-inflammatory effects, which may impact the pathophysiology of OA. While many randomized controlled trials show the efficacy of Curcuma longa extract in the treatment of OA, there has been no comprehensive review of this evidence.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect for randomized controlled trials that evaluated Curcuma longa extract (CE extract) vs. control (placebo or other therapy). Three trials were identified. Data were then extracted from the studies and summarized descriptively.

Results: Across all trials, Curcuma longa therapy was proven to reduce Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores significantly compared to the control group. Adverse effects were less likely to appear in patients treated with Curcuma longa extract compared to other groups.

Conclusion: CL extract is beneficial as an alternative medication for OA treatment, shown by the reduced scores of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and WOMAC in all studies we reviewed.
ASSESSING THE RATIONALE OF FDC CONTAINING OFLOXACIN AND AZOLES: DISSOLUTION, PERMEATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES
Authors: PAWAR ATMARAM , KAMBLE AKSHAY , KORAKE SWATI , DHAPTE-PAWAR VIVIDHA
Published: January 2020

Objective: To study fixed-dose combinations (FDC) of antibacterial and antiprotozoal products (ofloxacin and azoles), prescribed for the treatment of diarrhea.

Methods: Rationality of these FDC products was verified by assessing parameters such as drug content and release by assay and dissolution tests, respectively mentioned in the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP). Amount of drug solubilized and permeated as per the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) was determined. Ex vivo permeation study was performed on the gut of goat using the everted gut sac technique. Antimicrobial efficacy in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using agar well diffusion method against Shigella boydii, the causative agent for diarrhea. Comparative studies were performed on an individual as well as combination doses of antibacterial and antiprotozoal products for the synergistic effects to assess the rationale of these FDC.

Results: The BCS solubility of ciprofloxacin (CPX), norfloxacin (NFX) and tinidazole (TNZ) was high in acidic medium (pH 1-5) and decreased at pH above 5. The assay studies showed that the individual drug contents of FDC were within the IP limits. In vitro dissolution results for both, individual drugs and their combination illustrated 99 % drug release within 30 min in 0.01N HCl. Ex vivo permeation of TNZ was higher than CPX and NFX in individual drugs. No significant change in the permeation rate was observed for individual drugs and their FDC. CPX and NFX exhibited more antimicrobial activity in terms of inhibitory zones than their FDC with antiprotozoal TNZ, above 2.5 µg/ml MIC. The pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and antimicrobial evaluation study showed the similarity of FDC with the individual drugs.

Conclusion: The study showed no significant data to justify the therapeutic advantage of FDC over individual drugs.
CYTOTOXICITY STUDIES OF AN ETHNOBOTANICALLY SELECTED SOLANUM PUBESCENS WILLD. AGAINST SELECTED HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: V. N. SUDHAMA , RAMAKRISHNAN M.
Published: January 2020

Objective: The present study was aimed to determine the cytotoxicity concentration (CTC50) of different extracts made from the leaf and stem bark of an ethno botanically selected S. pubescens against Human liver carcinoma (Hep G2), Human colon carcinoma (CaCo2) and Human breast cancer (T-47 D) cell lines.

Methods: Ethnobotanical survey was done through interviewing traditional medicinal practitioners then a potential herbal plant was selected after a thorough literature survey and its identity was confirmed. The soxhlet extraction method was adopted using five different solvents from leaf and stem bark powders of the study plant and the CTC50 of all the extracts were determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method.

Results: Among the different extracts, CTC50 values were significant for stem bark extracts made from methanol (24.51±0.08 µg/ml) against Hep G2, while leaf chloroform extract was promising (57.15±1.75 µg/ml) against CaCo2 and n-hexane extract of leaf exhibited significant value (20.27±1.52 µg/ml) against T-47 D cancer cell lines.

Conclusion: The major findings of the present study clearly provides evidence that the leaf and stem bark of S. pubescens possesses the potential anticancer bioactive compound solasodine.
Class Focused Approach to Research Outputs and Policy Literature Metadata
Authors: Kneebone Les
Published: January 2020

Successful research object sharing requires that systems and users understand the structure, semantics and rules that govern a given research object collection.

A number of metadata standards define ontologies and vocabularies for consistent expression of research object semantics. Supporting, clarifying and sometimes extending these standards are metadata application profiles (MAPs). MAPs play a key role defining metadata element cardinality and data types. MAPs may also mandate or recommend controlled vocabularies, where metadata standards have not already mentioned these in formal range declarations, encoding schemes and semantics that are to be consumed by external systems. MAPs also guide design options for in-house systems and workflows. In this paper, development of a draft MAP for grey-literature policy and research collections is discussed. A focus of the discussion is the considerations around selection and adoption of metadata standards given the research data and literature communities in the APO stakeholder map.

This paper presents a work-in-progress version of a Dublin Core Application Profile (DCAP) candidate. The Analysis & Policy Observatory Metadata Application Profile (APO-MAP) takes research object class structure as a starting point and considers class model options, especially given the availability of registry services and Persistent Indenter (PID) systems. The discussion finds that MAP development progresses towards a best fit that balances the need to adopt widely supported standards, local business drivers, and community acceptance.
Effective modules of two-phase construction composites with grain filler
Authors: Erofeev Vladimir T. , Tyuryahin Aleksej S. , Tyuryahina Tatyana P. , Tingaev Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2019

In the book of R.M. Christensen, “Introduction to the Mechanics of Composites” (1982), a calculation formula is given for the bulk module of polydisperse composites with spherical inclusions. This formula has been known to the Russianspeaking reader for almost 40 years, but unfortunately, it is not used in the practice of building materials science. To identify applied possibilities, R.M. Christensen's formula is modified and reduced to a dimensionless function k = k ( w , η, θ), which depends on three dimensionless parameters, i.e., it depends on three quantities: w is the volume fraction of the inclusion, η - the ratio of the shear modulus of the matrix material to the volume modulus of the same matrix, θ is the ratio of the volume moduli of the matrix materials and inclusion. Numerical studies of this function reveal that in two-phase granular composites, the range of effective moduli is significantly narrowed compared to the region limited by Voigt and Reuss estimates (in the sense of the upper and lower bounds of real values). At the same time, the lower Christensen score is the same as the Reuss score. Numerical and graphically presented results are given on the examples of the study of two characteristic groups of composite materials. In addition, the dimensionless form of the effective module allows to construct a system of visual graphic dependencies of the functions k ( w ) in a flat space k - w . For different values of θ, the function k = k ( w , η) displays a bunch of curved segments, which sets the position of the plane figure in flat space. Examples of constructing figures for characteristic regions of the values of the function k (η, θ, w ) are given.
Numerical studies of strength of concrete cylinders for compression
Authors: Mkrtychev Oleg V. , Andreev Mikhail I.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. The choice of adequate models of materials and deformation diagrams is of great importance when performing structural calculations in a nonlinear setting. Since there are no instructions on how to use the deformation diagrams of concrete and reinforcement when working together, given in SP 63.13330.2018, it is necessary to introduce assumptions for modeling reinforced concrete structures with finite elements of the same type. The aims of the work are to conduct numerical experiments on testing concrete cylinders for uniaxial compression and to verify the results with normative data. Methods. Numerical experiments were performed in the LS-DYNA software package. This program complex allows to simulate the joint work of concrete and reinforcement with the help of volume (for concrete) and rod (for reinforcement) finite elements. A cylinder with a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 300 mm was taken as model. Samples were modeled by volumetric finite elements. The CSCM - Continuous Surface Cap Model is a nonlinear material used to model concrete. Tests were carried out with samples of the following classes of concrete for cylindrical compressive strength: C12, C16, C20, C25, C30, C35, C40, C45, C50, C55. This corresponds to the following classes of cubic compressive strength: B15, B20, B25, B30, B37, B45, B50, B55, B60, B67. Results. The conducted researches have shown that the character of destruction of samples at numerical experiment corresponds to the character of destruction at tests. The investigated concrete model CSCM can be used in the calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures for the main classes of concrete, when taking into account the transition from cubic to prismatic strength and additional correction factors to cylindrical strength.
Simplified selection of optimal shell of revolution
Authors: Krivoshapko Sergey N. , Ivanov Vyacheslav N.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. Architects and engineers, designing shells of revolution, use in their projects, as a rule, spherical shells, paraboloids, hyperboloids, and ellipsoids of revolution well proved themselves. But near hundreds of other surfaces of revolution, which can be applied with success in building and in machine-building, are known. Methods. Optimization problem of design of axisymmetric shell subjected to given external load is under consideration. As usual, the solution of this problem consists in the finding of shape of the meridian and in the distribution of the shell thickness along the meridian. In the paper, the narrower problem is considered. That is a selection of the shell shape from several known types, the middle surfaces of which can be given by parametrical equations. The results of static strength analyses of the domes of different Gaussian curvature with the same overall dimensions subjected to the uniformly distributed surface load are presented. Variational-difference energy method of analysis is used. Results. Comparison of results of strength analyses of six selected domes showed that a paraboloid of revolution and a dome with a middle surface in the form of the surface of rotation of the z = - a cosh( x/b ) curve around the Oz axis have the better indices of stress-strain state. These domes work almost in the momentless state and it is very well for thin-walled shell structures. New criterion of optimality can be called “minimum normal stresses in shells of revolution with the same overall dimensions, boundary conditions, and external load”.
The role of nanotechnology for improving crop production
Authors: Lakzian Amir , Bayat Maryam , Gadzhikurbanov Anvar , Zargar Meisam
Published: December 2019

Today, green nanotechnology has great importance due to the presence of different modes of restrictive action against various pathogens such as fungi and bacterial species. The use of nanomaterials has recently increased in agriculture and plant-tissue culture thanks to their unique different properties such as; magnetic, electrical, mechanical, optical, and chemical properties. Optimum use of iron increases protein content in the wheat grain. They also enhance plant growth by improving disease resistance and increase stability of the plants by anti-bending and deeper rooting of crops. It has been reported by many researchers that Nano-fertilizers significantly influenced the seed germination which demonstrated the effect of Nano fertilizers on seed and seed vigor. Chemical methods have been used for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Developing Nano-biotechnology is generating interests in research towards eco-friendly, cost effective and biological synthesis of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles systems have been combined into plant fungal disease controlpractices. Using nanoparticles as biosensors in plant disease diagnostics is also illustrated.
Effects of Gibberellic acid, micronutrient fertilizer and Calcium nitrate foliar fertilizer on growth and yield of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. cultivated in Vietnam
Authors: Le Van Trong , Bui Bao Thinh
Published: December 2019

In this study, we present the experimental results which evaluate the influence of Gibberellic acid GA3, micronutrient fertilizer and Calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield of tomato cultivar NHP11 cultivated in a net house located in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. The experiment including 8 formulas was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. In treatments with the application of GA3, micronutrient fertilizer and Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer, plants were observed to grow better than the control (via some indicators such as plant height, leaf area index, number of flowers per plant, effective flower rate, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight per plant). The yields differed due to different formulas on tomato. Results indicated that the highest yield was recorded at 50.73 tons ha-1 when the combination of GA3, micronutrient fertilizer and Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer was applied in F8, followed by the record of 47.31 tons ha-1 in F6 (in presence of GA3 and Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer), 46.55 tons ha-1 in F5 (in presence of GA3 and micronutrient fertilizer), 45.79 tons ha-1 in F7 (in presence of Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer and micronutrient fertilizer). The yields of tomato in F2, F3, F4 when treated with supplemented separately GA3, micronutrient fertilizer and Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer respectively were higher than those of the control (39.90 tons ha-1) but lower than the yield in mixed formulas. Results show that the treatment combination of GA3, micronutrient fertilizer and Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer can promote the growth and yield of tomato.