bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desenvolvimento de um framework de apoio à etapa de avaliação de soluções computacionais e à coleta de dados de indivíduos
Authors: Santos Suzane Santos dos , Rodrigues Kamila Rios da Hora
Published: October 2024

A literatura disponibiliza diferentes métodos de avaliação, cada um com vantagens e limitações. Contudo, a escolha do método de avaliação mais adequado pode ser um obstáculo. Em resposta a estes desafios, este projeto de doutoramento propõe a criação de um framework para apoiar profissionais de diferentes domínios na realização das suas avaliações. A proposta de framework inclui instrumentos de autorrelato, um sistema de recomendação e uma interface intuitiva para leitura de dados de sensores, entre outros serviços.
Uso de tecnologias imersivas para avaliação do comportamento e seus desafios de implementação na Indústria
Authors: Coelho Mateus Nazário , Delabrida Saul , Silvas Flávia
Published: October 2024

Tecnologias imersivas mostram-se promissoras como um mecanismo seguro e ilustrativo para representar ambientes perigosos e que, muitas vezes, são difíceis de replicar no mundo real. Porém, há uma lacuna na pesquisa sobre mudanças comportamentais nos usuários após a utilização destas tecnologias e sobre quais seriam os desafios para implantar na Indústria, além de não avaliarem sobre a efetividade na utilização de processos industriais e treinamentos. Este trabalho busca avaliar e responder estes questionamentos com um caso de estudo da Mineração, utilizando tecnologias modernas para esta reflexão e avaliação.
Modulação de Personalidade em IA’s Generativas: Melhorando Interações Homem-Máquina
Authors: Almeida João F. M. , Grillo Willian N.
Published: October 2024

Com o advento de ferramentas baseadas em inteligência artificial (IA), novas possibilidades se abriram para a criação de agentes conversacionais. Este artigo explora a capacidade da inteligência artificial generativa, especificamente do modelo de linguagem GPT, em modular suas respostas baseadas em traços de personalidade informados através de prompts. O estudo utilizou a técnica "Personality Prompting (P2)" induzindo traços de neuroticismo alto para analisar respostas comparadas a um texto neutro. A análise revelou que as respostas apresentaram características típicas do traço, sugerindo que as interações conversacionais habilitadas por IA generativa podem ser moduladas para proporcionar melhores experiências.
Diplomacia de Dados e Segurança Energética: Prática do Grupo Focal no uso da Plataforma Enetrix
Authors: Aguiar Yuska Paola Costa , Galvíncio Amanda Sousa , Silva Henry Iure de Paiva , Magalhães Rafael , Gonçalves Pascoal Teófilo Carvalho
Published: October 2024

A Diplomacia de Dados consiste na difusão de informações e conhecimentos especializados sobre dados nas relações entre Estados ou outras entidades. O acesso aos atos e acordos internacionais do setor energético, a partir do uso de IA e visualização de dados, é um diferencial para tomada de decisão oferecido pela plataforma Enetrix. Esta provê registro, monitoramento e análise da diplomacia energética brasileira a partir de dados oficiais e confiáveis. Para aprimoramento da Enetrix, sob a perspectiva de pessoas potenciais usuárias da plataforma, a prática de Grupo Focal foi conduzida. Os resultados foram consolidados em 55 itens para o backlog do produto, incluindo funcionalidades e aspectos de IHC.
Promovendo Cultura de Design em um Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia no Brasil
Authors: Domingues Mariana Ávila , Tanaka Eduardo Hideki
Published: October 2024

O Design tem sido cada vez mais essencial para as organizações como uma disciplina para buscar soluções inovadoras e que atendam plenamente seus usuários. Sendo assim, este artigo apresenta os desafios e ações para promover o Design como cultura organizacional em um Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia no Brasil e que possui uma ampla gama de projetos distintos. As ações propostas visaram a organização como um todo, dos níveis técnicos às lideranças, resultando na elevação do nível de maturidade em Design da organização.
Design Centrado no Usuário na construção de um sistema de gestão de dados para a Equoterapia
Authors: Coleti Thiago Adriano , Tirabassi Ruan Pedro , Almeida Gustavo Granadier Homem de , Oliveira Gabriel Rocha de , Souza Vitória Eduarda de , Nobrega João Gabriel , Luis Gabriel Pelisari
Published: October 2024

Este artigo descreve o uso do Design Centrado no Usuário (DCU) no desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta de gestão para um projeto de Equoterapia. O projeto surgiu da necessidade de melhorar a gestão dos dados dos prontuários dos praticantes, que eram anteriormente armazenados em papel. A equipe de desenvolvimento adotou o DCU com o objetivo de construir uma ferramenta alinhada aos objetivos da instituição. Houve participação ativa dos profissionais da instituição, que contribuíram em três ciclos do DCU, nos quais foram definidos requisitos, estratégias de entrada de dados e desenvolvimento de protótipos funcionais. Esses protótipos foram considerados satisfatórios pelos usuários.
Ferramentas de dados para análise e mensuração de User Experience (UX): funcionalidades, barreiras e oportunidades
Authors: Mello João Pedro de , Evangelista Gessé
Published: October 2024

Mensurar a User Experience (UX) de produtos e serviços é essencial para entender interações que impactam nos resultados de negócio. Existem inúmeras ferramentas disponíveis, dificultando a escolha da mais adequada. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental usando oito ferramentas a partir de três perspectivas: funcionalidades, barreiras e oportunidades. As ferramentas foram identificadas como úteis para otimização de processos, feedback direto do usuário e métricas como taxa de adesão e retenção. Limitações como alto custo e complexidade técnica também foram observadas.
Prompt Engineering com ChatGPT no contexto acadêmico de IHC: uma revisão rápida da literatura
Authors: Santos Gabriel , Martins João , Evangelista Gessé
Published: October 2024

O campo da Inteligência Artificial (IA) avança cada dia mais e vem refletindo em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, inclusive no contexto acadêmico de IHC (Interação Humano-Computador). Porém, há sim uma problemática da utilização de tais ferramentas e seus riscos inerentes. Através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, identificamos métodos eficazes para a formulação de prompts que melhoram a precisão e a eficácia das respostas geradas pelo ChatGPT. A pesquisa revela que a engenharia de prompts não apenas aprimora a interação com a IA, mas também contribui significativamente para a redução da subjetividade em estimativas de desenvolvimento de software e práticas de IHC.
Melhoria da experiência do usuário na Carteira de Trabalho Digital
Authors: Ferreira Danilo S. , Cordeiro Rafael F. , Oliveira Robson Ytallo S. de , Marques Filipe T.
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta os métodos e técnicas utilizados pelo time de produto da Carteira de Trabalho Digital, para melhoria da experiência do usuário. Dessa forma, apresenta uma integração dos conhecimentos da interação humano-computador no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos de software. Os resultados mostram que a aplicação de técnicas da Arquitetura de Informação, design system, pesquisa com usuário e linguagem simples trouxeram melhorias significativas na experiência do usuário.
Experiência do Usuário na implantação de políticas públicas emergenciais desenvolvidas pela Dataprev: Relato de experiência no Auxílio Reconstrução do Governo Federal
Authors: Cordeiro Rafael F. , Ferreira Danilo S. , Oliveira Robson Ytallo S. de , Marques Filipe T. , Fonseca Felipe M.
Published: October 2024

Este relato descreve o processo de criação do time de experiência do usuário (UX - User Experience) da Dataprev, nos portais do Auxílio Reconstrução, apoio financeiro destinado à população do Rio Grande do Sul, instituído pelo Ministério da Integração e Desenvolvimento Regional em resposta às chuvas e enchentes de maio de 2024. O relato também aborda o monitoramento e as lições aprendidas.
Desenvolvimento de um Aplicativo Gamificado para Aprimorar o Estudo dos Substantivos no Ensino Fundamental I
Authors: Pereira Williane Gabriele S. , Estevam Leonardo da Conceição , Santos Suellen Trindade dos , Pontes Paulo Andre I. , Seruffo Marcos César da Rocha
Published: October 2024

O entendimento dos substantivos no ensino fundamental I é crucial para a escrita na língua portuguesa, mas seu ensino tradicional enfrenta diversos desafios. Diante disso, a gamificação surge como uma abordagem promissora para superá-los, tornando a aprendizagem mais divertida e eficaz. Este trabalho apresenta o “Substantivando”, um aplicativo gamificado que utiliza quizzes, sistemas de pontuação e ranking, feedback imediato e tutoriais com o objetivo de tornar o estudo dos substantivos mais envolvente e estimulante, além de melhorar o aprendizado dos alunos.
Proposta de Sistema para Aplicação da Técnica MoLVERIC para Inspeção de Diagramas MoLIC
Authors: Duque Isabel E. S. , Prates Raquel O. , Guimarães Angélica B. C.
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta o protótipo de uma aplicação móvel destinada a permitir a execução da técnica MoLVERIC, um método gamificado para inspeção de diagramas MoLIC, em contexto digital. O objetivo é explorar as praticidades em torno do meio de aplicativo para aprimorar aspectos de gamificação e construir uma experiência de usuário otimizada considerando observações de usabilidade e comunicabilidade de pesquisas anteriores no uso dos cartões MoLVERIC.
Explorando UX em Interfaces Conversacionais: percepções de um estudo preliminar da literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Jéssica Favero , Machado Leticia dos Santos , Pimenta Marcelo Soares
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão rápida da literatura sobre métodos e técnicas de experiência de usuário (UX user experience) para avaliar interfaces conversacionais, identificando práticas atuais. A análise de 25 artigos das bases ACM e Scopus revela a diversidade de abordagens, incluindo questionários de usabilidade, além de métodos qualitativos, como entrevistas e grupos focais. A ausência de um padrão universal na avaliação de UX destaca a necessidade de estudos aprofundados para consolidar melhores práticas e fornecer uma base para futuras pesquisas. Este trabalho visa construir um campo de estudo mais coeso e eficaz, atendendo às crescentes demandas por interações humanas com sistemas computacionais complexos e inteligentes.
EcoUai: Entrando no Clima da Sustentabilidade para Mitigação das Mudanças Climáticas
Authors: Batista Estela Miranda , Martins Helena Cristo , Silveira João Carlos Santana , Gomes Libiane Tamires , Villela Maria Lúcia Bento
Published: October 2024

A crise climática representa uma ameaça global. Para enfrentá-la, conscientizar as pessoas sobre ações que podem mitigar as mudanças e desastres climáticos é fundamental. Nesse sentido, este trabalho propõe o EcoUai: uma solução, voltada para a público universitário, que visa conscientizar e promover hábitos sustentáveis. A solução é composta por um aplicativo, que faz uso de gamificação para incentivar as pessoas a praticarem ações que contribuem para o bem do planeta, e um espaço físico, onde as pessoas podem trocar os pontos acumulados no aplicativo por recompensas, incluindo uma experiência imersiva com óculos de realidade virtual.
Reflexões da Comunidade Brasileira de IHC
Authors: Pereira Roberto , Darin Ticianne , Silveira Milene Selbach
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta o compilado das reflexões da comunidade de IHC submetidas como insumo para a primeira fase do II GranDIHC-BR. O conteúdo é apresentado da forma submetida pelos autores e autoras, mantendo sua formatação e conteúdo original, sem nenhuma edição, de modo a preservar as ideias submetidas.
Preliminary Results of An Experiment on Leveraging Large Language Models to Assist Modelers in Interpreting DEVS Natural Language Models
Authors: Graciano Neto Valdemar Vicente , Keller Nicholas , Kim Doohwan DH , Seo Chungman , Carbo Priscilla , Zeigler Bernard
Published: October 2024

Discrete Event System Specification (DEVS) Natural Language (DNL) implements the DEVS simulation formalism using a natural languagelike notation. However, DNL models can still be complex, involving multiple inputs/outputs, internal/external state transitions, and arbitrary Java code blocks, which steepens the learning curve and reduces the efficiency of junior modelers. Concurrently, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have gained popularity across various domains for their ability to answer specific questions about referenced content. If an LLM tool could reference simulation models written in DNL, it could potentially greatly increase modeler efficiency. To this end, we developed GEM DEVS Chat, a tool designed to assist developers in understanding DEVS models within a simulation project. This paper presents GEM DEVS Chat and reports on an experiment conducted during a Modeling and Simulation course for undergraduate and graduate students. The experiment involved eight students, divided into control and experimental groups. Results indicate that students assisted by the tool understood DEVS models more quickly and accurately.
Estudo de Simulação de Sistemas de Contenção de Águas no Rio Grande do Sul para Prevenção de Enchentes
Authors: Leal Daniel Martins , Rezende Gabriel , Santos Rilbert , Graciano Neto Valdemar Vicente
Published: October 2024

Este artigo aborda a simulação de situações de emergência relacionadas ao sistema de proteção contra enchentes de Porto Alegre. As enchentes urbanas, causadas por chuvas intensas que excedem a capacidade de drenagem, resultam em danos materiais e impactos sociais e econômicos severos. O estudo foca na vulnerabilidade de Porto Alegre, situada na bacia do Rio Guaíba, onde chuvas intensas frequentemente causam transbordamentos. Problemas de manutenção e obsolescência tecnológica comprometem a eficácia dos sistemas de proteção. A metodologia utiliza simulação baseada em sistemas e DEVS, implementados com SimPy em Python, para modelar e avaliar o sistema de proteção, identificar vulnerabilidades e propor melhorias.
A Catalog of Interoperability Solutions for Ambient Assisted Living
Authors: Duarte Paulo , Carvalho Rainara , Viana Windson
Published: October 2024

As the global population of older adults continues to increase, there is a growing need for innovative technology solutions to improve their well-being and care. One prominent example is the Ambient-Assisted Living (AAL) domain, which involves the connection of many subsystems and heterogeneous devices to offer intelligent services in the user’s living ambient. One of the main challenges in developing AAL systems is the lack of interoperability, which can occur at different levels (from integration between different systems to the semantic level of the data). Although there are several solutions and approaches to this problem, there is no organized body knowledge about interoperability for AAL systems impacting decision making on which approach to use in developing this type of system. This paper proposes a Non-Functional Requirements (NFR) catalog dedicated to interoperability in AAL systems. This catalog establishes relationships among technologic strategies, architectural patterns, platform types, communication protocols, and data semantic and syntactic aspects. We extracted data about interoperability in AAL systems from the academic literature. We identified 25 studies focused on AAL systems prioritizing interoperability as a critical requirement by conducting a systematic mapping followed by a forward snowballing process. We then employed Grounded Theory (GT) to extract information regarding the interoperability characteristics specific to AAL from these documents, finding 41 softgoals and 29 operationalizations. Finally, we validate our findings with two specialists.
The role of anti-osteoporosis drugs in fall risk
Authors: Voltan Gianpaolo , Veronese Nicola
Published: October 2024

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration, which leads to an increased risk of fractures. A significant concern associated with osteoporosis is the risk of falls, which can result in fractures and other related complications. This review examines the role of anti-osteoporosis drugs in the prevention of falls, focusing on pharmacological interventions that have shown promise in reducing the incidence of falls in osteoporotic patients. Falls in older people often lead to fractures, decreased mobility and reduced quality of life. Given that individuals with osteoporosis are more susceptible to fractures, it is essential to explore therapeutic strategies aimed at mitigating fall risk in this population. Anti-osteoporosis drugs have been developed primarily to improve bone mineral density and strength. The most extensively explored in this sense is probably vitamin D. Several meta-analyses have indicated that vitamin D could reduce the risk of falling compared with placebo. For this nutrient, important in vitro and experimental research data are available showing, overall, a positive effect on muscle. However, there is emerging evidence that large bolus doses and/or high levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of falls. Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB ligand), is widely used to treat osteoporosis, and its influence on falls, although supported by a recent systematic review, is currently under investigation. Understanding the relationship between anti-osteoporosis medications and fall prevention is critical in comprehensive management of osteoporosis. Although these drugs are primarily used to improve bone health, their influence on falls is an intriguing topic. KEY WORDS: Falls, denosumab, vitamin D, romosozumab.
Assessment of bone health in pregnancy
Authors: Degennaro Valentina Anna , Brandi Maria Luisa , Cagninelli Greta , Casciaro Sergio , Celora Gabriella Maria , Conversano Francesco , Lombardi Fiorella A. , Pisani Paola , Ghi Tullio
Published: October 2024

We performed a review of the literature on the use of radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) technology in pregnancy, in order to assess bone mineral density (BMD) and objectively measure its reduction during pregnancy. In a prospective case-control observational study, 78 women at 39.1 ± 1.5 weeks of gestation were submitted to a sonographic examination of the proximal femur using REMS technology to quantify BMD. The study group, when compared with a control group of non-pregnant women, was found to have significantly lower BMD values (0.769±0.094 g/cm2 vs. 0.831±0.101 g/cm2, p = 0.0001) with a mean reduction of 8.1%. Lower BMD values were found in older women (p<0.0001), women with a lower BMI (p=0.0004), and Caucasian women (p<0.0001). In another study, 65 pregnant women underwent femoral BMD measurement in the first and the third trimester using REMS. A significant reduction in BMD (0.723±0.069 vs. 0.709±0.069 g/cm2; p<0.001) was noted, with a mean change of −1.9±0.6% between the first and the third trimester. On multivariable linear regression analysis, none of the population characteristics was independently associated with BMD changes. In conclusion, decreased BMD in pregnancy has been demonstrated using REMS technology. Further studies are needed to identify risk factors for decreased BMD in pregnancy. KEY WORDS: Bone mineral density, REMS, ultrasound technology, pregnancy.
Drug-Delivery Based on Encapsulation for Photodynamic Therapy and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Paulina Romero María , Alexandra González Myriam
Published: October 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have shown significant promise in treating cancer and other illnesses. Photosensitizers (PSs) and photothermal agents (PTAs) play crucial roles in PDT and PTT to enhance treatment efficiently. The stability, solubility, and toxicity of PSs and PTAs are the main challenges in improving the effectiveness of these agents. This chapter examines several encapsulation techniques of PS and PTAs agents to reduce these limitations. Liposomes, hydrogels, inorganic particles, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks offer diverse and important strategies for PS, PTAs agents’ delivery. These nanocarrier systems offer unique advantages such as high encapsulation efficiency, sustained drug release, enhanced cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and biocompatibility. Moreover, the nanocapsules create a localized drug depot at the target site and present specific benefits tailored to the requirements of different therapeutic applications, making them valuable tools in developing advanced and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer and other diseases. Overall, the diverse strategies for encapsulating photosensitizers offer unique advantages for enhancing the efficacy and safety of PDT and PTT, making them promising candidates for PDT and drug delivery applications.
Traditional Uses, Essential Oil Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities of Moroccan Lavenders
Authors: Bouchra Soulaimani , Amssayef Ayoub , Imane Abbad , Abdelaziz Abbad , Lahcen Hassani
Published: October 2024

Lavandula is a genus of small herbs and sub-shrubs belongs to the Lamiaceae family, one of the most economically important plant families, which includes approximately 236 genera and nearly 7200 species. The Lavandula genus contains about 34 species widely distributed globally, mainly in the Mediterranean region, and used from ancient time to cure diverse diseases. The essential oils (EOs) obtained from species of this genus are widely used in perfumery, cosmetics, food processing, as well as in aromatherapy products due to their multiple biological properties. This chapter reports the traditional uses, chemical composition, and biological activities of EOs extracted from Lavandula species growing wild and/or cultivated in Morocco. The chemical composition of Moroccan Lavandula EOs is mainly composed of monoterpenes. The majority of EOs extracted from lavender are characterized by a high antimicrobial power, especially those with a richness in phenolic compounds, particularly carvacrol. Some species have been reported to have a very powerful anti-oxidant effect, while others have an important acaricidal or/and insecticidal activities.
Exploring the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
Authors: Salhi Amin , Zannagui Chahid , Elyoussfi Abdellah , Ahari M’hamed , Mourabit Fouad , Amhamdi Hassan , Houssien Akichouh El , El Barkany Soufian
Published: October 2024

This study explores the in vitro antioxidant activity of three plants: Pistacia lentiscus, Mentha pulegium, and Tetraclinis articulata. Initially, we quantified the total polyphenol, flavonoid, and flavonol content in each extract. Subsequently, the antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene bleaching assays. Our findings revealed that the crude extracts exhibited significant anti-radical and antioxidant activities, correlating with their polyphenol and flavonoid contents. A linear relationship was established, with flavonoid-rich fractions demonstrating the highest activity. However, the intensity of antioxidant activity was solely dependent not only on the flavonoid content but also on their specific nature. Notably, the strong inhibition of lipid oxidation by the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, despite their low polyphenol concentration, suggested the presence of other bioactive substances. These include waxes, fatty acids, sterols, triterpenes, carotenoids, highly methoxylated flavonoid aglycones, and coumarins, which may act independently or synergistically. This study offers valuable insights into the complex antioxidative properties and potential health benefits of these plant extracts.
Management of the Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract
Authors: Milton Thomas , Bain Madeleine , Couchman Ashani
Published: October 2024

Spinal cord injuries commonly impact the complex neurological control of micturition leading to lower urinary tract dysfunction. It can present with lower urinary tract symptoms impacting quality of life, or sequele of incomplete emptying including renal impairment, stones or recurrent infections. It can be classified by location of the injury, however the pattern of symptoms and urodynamics findings may not always directly correlate. Assessment involves a thorough history, examination and investigations, including blood tests, upper tract imaging, bladder diary and urodynamics. Management and ongoing surveillance are tailored to the patient, taking in to account their injury, functional status and trajectory, symptoms and any coexisting bowel or sexual dysfunction. Intermittent catheterisation is the preferred bladder management strategy for incomplete emptying in suitable patients. Anticholinergics and Beta 3 agonists are used for symptoms of overactivity, or alternatively intravesical botulinum toxin injection has been used with high success rates. In select patients, sacral neuromodulation or more complex reconstructions including augmentation or diversion may be required. The overarching goals of treatment are to improve quality of life, maintain social continence, protect the upper tracts and reduce the frequency and severity of infections. This requires a multidisciplinary team to tailor an individualised approach for each patient.
Perspective Chapter: Assessment of Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality from Wrist-Worn Wearable Data
Authors: Yetton Ben , McDuff Daniel , Barakat Andrew , Jiang Allen , B. Allen Nicholas , Douglas Schneider Logan , Winbush Ari , Heneghan Conor
Published: October 2024

Researchers are interested in measuring both objective and subjective assessments of sleep, and associated phenomena such as sleepiness, quality and restoration. Predicting perceived sleep quality accurately from objective measurements remains an unsolved and interesting problem. Previous studies using polysomnograms and actigraphy have shown poor concordance between objective metrics and subjective sleep quality, but were often limited by study duration (e.g., one or two nights of PSG, study population in low 100 s). In this chapter, we consider whether consumer sleep trackers could significantly improve the assessment of subjective sleep quality through longer periods of assessment and larger data scale. We describe a recent study that modeled two subjective sleep quality metrics (PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment (SI) and Sleep Disturbance (SD) Index) from objective sleep metrics acquired from a consumer wearable device (Fitbit). However, the goodness-of-fit parameter remains relatively low, even with the increased data availability and scale of data provided by consumer wearables. Specifically, for a well-characterized normative population of 2106 adults, we see that a linear multivariate model produces an R2 of 0.107 for predicting SI and R2 of 0.147 for SR, consistent with prior results using PSG and actigraphy. We conclude that subjective sleep quality remains broadly a psychological construct that cannot be fully modeled solely by objective sleep metrics.
Enhancing the Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs Via Encapsulation within Nanocomplexes Designed to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier and Target Tumors
Authors: Harford Joe B. , Kim Sang-Soo , Pirollo Kathleen F. , Rait Antonina S. , Chang Esther H.
Published: October 2024

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) blocks ~98% of drugs, so brain tumors tend to be refractory to chemotherapy. Transferrin receptors (TfRs) are expressed on the endothelial cell that comprise the BBB and mediate the movement of transferrin into the brain via transcytosis. Tumor cells overexpress TfRs, so encapsulating drugs within nanocomplexes that bind to TfRs has the potential to enhance both entry into the brain and delivery to tumor cells. Here, we present data on the use of TfR-targeted platform nanotechnology termed scL (for single-chain Liposome) to encapsulate five different chemotherapeutic agents. Data are provided showing that scL nanoformulations of these drugs were more effective in killing cancer cells than their unencapsulated counterparts. It is not our intention to study any one of these nanoformulations in detail but rather to highlight the general versatility of this drug delivery system. The scL formulation of TMZ (scL-TMZ) was more effective than unencapsulated TMZ against TMZ-resistant glioblastoma (GBM) and displayed improved efficacy in impeding tumor growth and extending lifespan in mice bearing intracranial GBM tumors. The scL formulation of irinotecan displayed both enhanced potency in killing lung cancer cells in culture and improved in vivo efficacy in a murine lung cancer xenograft model.
Adsorptive Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Saeed Tooba , Ahmad Shahzaib , Naeem Abdul , Huma Khan Nazish , Ahmad Bashir , Afridi Shaista
Published: October 2024

A solid class of materials known as metal-organic frameworks has attracted scientists for research, it is due to their fascinating properties i.e., large surface area, high adsorption capacity, stability, crystalline structure, and many more. Hence, the MOFs have many applications in various fields of study. Many kinds of research have been done on these materials with different other elements to check their applications. Therefore, different types of MOFs have been synthesized, and still, research is on the way. In this chapter, adsorptive properties of various metal-organic frameworks such as Fe-MOF, Zn-MOF, Zr-MOF, Mg-MOF, Mn-MOF etc. have been discussed.
Neurostimulation in Neuro-Ophthalmology: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Shaheen Nour , Khaled Mohamed , Seo Serah , Bezchlibnyk Yarema , Flouty Oliver , Bharmauria Vishal
Published: October 2024

Visual processing constitutes a substantial portion of cognitive, executive, and sensorimotor functions of the brain. Understandably, damage to visual areas and pathways results in various impairments. Neuro-ophthalmology addresses these complexities, yet traditional management approaches often have limited efficacy and undesirable side effects. In recent years, neurostimulation has emerged as a promising alternative, offering strong therapeutic benefits with minimal adverse effects. While extensively explored in neurological and psychiatric disorders, its application in ophthalmology remains relatively underexplored. This chapter navigates recent advancements in neurostimulation techniques, focusing on their potential in treating neuro-ophthalmic illnesses. We begin with an introduction to the visual system and then cover major neuro-ophthalmologic illnesses and related stimulation principles while also describing associated neurochemical and neuroplastic changes. Two major types of neurostimulation modalities in ophthalmology are discussed—invasive and non-invasive—highlighting their mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Finally, we address current challenges, gaps, and prospects in neurostimulation research in ophthalmology in managing neuro-ophthalmic disorders.
Genome edited food crops
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Rapley David , Wentworth Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Genome editing creates the possibility of making more precise alterations in the DNA of food crop plants than existing approaches. This POSTnote: describes genome editing technology; identifies which food crops are currently undergoing editing and why; describes the regulation and registration of genome-edited food crops; discusses issues around trade; and describes stakeholder views about the technology.
Sarana dan Prasarana Belajar Dalam Pandangan Al-Qur’an
Authors: Azizah Nur Amalina Wafi'
Published: October 2024

Penelitian menjelaskan mengenai sarana dan prasarana belajar dalam pandangan Al-Qur’an. Pendidikan adalah salah satu tonggak kemajuan negara yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan SDM. Pendidikan di Indonesia telah diatur melalui UU RI No. 20 tahun 2003 BAB II Pasal 3 yang membahas mengenai fungsi Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yaitu untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat dalam rangka mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Dalam Pendidikan Islam bertujuan mencetak pribadi-pribadi Muttaqin. Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan adalah alat penunjang keberhasilan suatu proses upaya yang dilakukan di dalam pelayanan publik, karena jika kedua hal ini tak tersedia maka semua kegiatan yang dilakukan tidak akan tercapai dengan hasil yang diharapkan sesuai dengan rencana, Penggunaan sarana pembelajaran dilakukan secara efektif dan efisien dalam proses belajar mengajar di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian library research (studi kepustakaan). Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan bisa dijelaskan dari beberapa ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an beserta penjelasannya, serta menganalisisnya. Ruang lingkup sarana dan prasarana ada proses-proses yang efektif yakni perencanaan sarana prasarana, pengadaan sarana dan prasarana, pendistribusian sarana prasarana, inventarisasi sarana prasarana, pendayagunaan sarana prasarana, pengawasan dan pemeliharaan, serta penghapusan sarana dan prasarana.
Living Qur'an sebagai Cerminan Praktik Keagamaan: Analisis Fenomena Sosial dan Normatif
Authors: Annas Muhamad Annas , Saputra Rio Dwi , Said Hasani Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian tentang  Living Qur'an adalah salah satu pendekatan penelitian modern yang membutuhkan dukungan untuk memperkuat statusnya sebagai salah satu proses ilmiah dalam bidang Ilmu Al-Qur'an. Metode ini berasal dari fenomenologi, yang berfokus pada fenomena sosial sebagai subjek penelitian. Selain itu, nilai-nilai normatif Al-Qur'an harus dipertahankan dalam proses ini agar hasil penelitian Living Qur'an sejalan dengan fungsi Al-Qur'an itu sendiri. Untuk menghindari hasil penelitian yang bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai Al-Qur'an, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya mengacu pada teks Al-Qur'an.
Living Qur'an menempatkan gejala sosial sebagai objek penelitian, yang memungkinkan untuk memahami Al-Qur'an dengan cara yang berbeda dari teksnya. Setelah penelitian selesai, hasilnya dapat dinilai apakah implementasi fenomena sosial Al-Qur'an sesuai dengan teks atau tidak. Jika hasilnya sejalan dengan Al-Qur'an, penelitian dapat dianggap selesai; jika tidak, penelitian harus dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan Living Qur'an untuk menyempurnakan implementasi Al-Qur'an. Artikel ini juga membahas cara mengidealisasikan metode dengan menggabungkan Living Qur'an dengan penelitian teks yang terkait dengan objek penelitian. Disarankan juga untuk menggabungkan penggunaan Living Qur'an sebagai metode untuk mengenali fenomena sosial yang terjadi di sekitar subjek penelitian.
Kata kunci : Model, Living, Al-Qur’an, Sosial
Implementasi Beauty Standard Perempuan pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Ghoni Abdul , Ramadhina Zahra Zahira
Published: October 2024

Kecantikan pada umumnya sangat identik dengan representasinya secara fisik, oleh karena itu sangat diperlukan untuk menggali nilai-nilai agar ditemukan standar kecantikan yang lebih komprehensif. Salah satunya merujuk kepada al-Qur’an sebagai sumber nilai yang mulia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mixed methods yang menggabungkan antara penelitian kualitatif untuk menggali nilai-nilai al-Qur’an yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kuantitatif untuk melihat tingkat implementasi terhadap standar kecantikan yang ada. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan dalam kerangka penggunaan metode Living Quran. Objek penelitian ini adalah siswa tingkat pendidikan menengah atas yang merepresentasikan lembaga pendidikan Islam  berasrama dan non asrama serta lembaga pendidikan umum. Adapun temuan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa lembaga pendidikan berasrama memiliki tingkat implementasi tertinggi dalam hal standar kecantikan fisik dan akhlak. Adapun lembaga pendidikan Islam non asrama memiliki implementasi tertinggi dalam standar kecantikan dalam segi keimanan. Sementara lembaga pendidikan umum memiliki tingkat implementasi terendah dalam standar kecantikan secara fisik. Hal signifikan yang menjadi temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa faktor peraturan di sekolah memiliki korelasi yang sangat signifikan sebasar 0,005 terhadap implementasi standar kecantikan dalam keimanan, akhlak dan fisik. Dengan demikian lembaga pendidikan hendaknya memiliki aturan yang cukup baik dalam penerapan standar kecantikan yang komprehensif sesuai dengan ajaran Islam.
Konsep Mental Block Perspektif Al-Qur’an (Analisis Penafsiran Surah Al-Insyirah dan Teori Logoterapi Victor E. Frankl)
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Hakim Lukman , Yamani Abu Bakar
Published: October 2024

Al-Qur'an menekankan pentingnya kesehatan mental dalam kehidupan manusia serta perlunya ketenangan jiwa, keteguhan hati, dan keseimbangan emosional dalam menghadapi tantangan hidup. Hal ini mendorong pentingnya pendekatan psikologi dalam proses penafsiran Al-Qur'an. Psikologi menghindari kesalahpahaman dalam memahami perilaku manusia. Artikel ini membahas mengenai salah satu kondisi psikologis pada era kontemporer yakni mental block prespektif al-Qur’an pada surah al-Insyirah dengan menggunakan teori logoterapi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (Library research) yang menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan yakni, konsep mental block yang diisyaratkan pada surah al-Insyirah dapat ditangani dengan rasa optimis dan berpikir positif, sabar dan bekerja keras, serta senantiasa bertawakkal kepada Allah. Hal ini kemudian sejalan dengan teori logoterapi. Pertama, Konsep Will to Meaning (keinginan akan makna). Hal ini yang mendorong pentingnya sikap optimis yang diisyaratkan pada awal surah al-Insyirah dalam menghadapi segala tantangan dalam menjalani kehidupan. Kedua, Konsep Meaning in life (Makna Hidup), dalam surah al-Insyirah ditafsirkan bahwa dalam situasi sulit ada juga peluang untuk menemukan jalan keluar. Masalah yang dihadapi akan mendorong untuk berpikir positif mencari solusi, dan pada akhirnya akan membuat mereka menjadi lebih dinamis. Ketiga, Konsep Freedom of will (Kebebasan Berkehendak) dalam surah al-Insyirah kebebasan berkehendak tidak hanya berarti memiliki kebebasan untuk membuat pilihan, tetapi juga bertanggung jawab atas pilihan tersebut serta mengandalkan Allah dalam setiap langkahnya.
Analisis Tingkat Kerawanan Banjir di Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Kampar Kiri di Kecamatan Kampar Kiri
Authors: Aldi Rahmad , Umar Iswandi , Andrian Andrian
Published: October 2024

This study aims to describe and analyze the flood vulnerability level in the Kampar Kiri Sub-Watershed, Kampar Kiri District, as well as the extent of flood-prone areas impacting settlements in the region. The primary focus of this research is to understand the flood risk of the area and its effects on the existing settlements. The method applied in this study is Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) using a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. MCE is used to determine the weights of parameters affecting flood vulnerability and to select appropriate methods for analysis. This approach has proven effective and efficient in flood risk analysis, as demonstrated in previous studies. The parameters analyzed include slope, elevation, rainfall, soil type, land use, and distance from rivers, which are calculated using scoring methods and overlaid to produce a flood vulnerability map. The results indicate that the flood vulnerability level in the Kampar Kiri Sub-Watershed is categorized into three classes: not vulnerable, vulnerable, and highly vulnerable. The areas for each class are: not vulnerable with 16,854 hectares, vulnerable with 58,543 hectares, and highly vulnerable with 11,506 hectares. The extent of settlements in the vulnerability zones includes: vulnerable zone with an area of 277 hectares (approximately 20.83%), and highly vulnerable zone with an area of 1,054 hectares (approximately 79.17%). Based on these findings, it is recommended that the Kampar Kiri District government enhance land use planning to reduce flood risks, collaborate with the Kampar Public Works and Spatial Planning Office, and improve infrastructure such as drainage channels and flood protection embankments.
The Rise of Biochemical Sensors: Technology for Real-Time Health Monitoring (Applications and Future Scope)
Authors: Moses Iyekekpolor Osamudiame
Published: October 2024

Biochemical sensors integrated into wearable health technology represent one of the most transformative innovations of the 21st century. This review delves into the evolution, principles, and real-time applications of biochemical sensors and their role in personalized health monitoring. Wearable biochemical sensors, capable of continuously measuring various biomarkers like glucose, lactate, cortisol, and electrolytes, are revolutionizing healthcare by enabling proactive management of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and mental health issues. Advances in biosensing technologies, coupled with the use of AI and machine learning algorithms, have enhanced the sensitivity and accuracy of these devices, ensuring that critical health data is available in real-time. From glucose monitoring devices like Abbott's FreeStyle Libre to the latest nanomaterial-based sensors, these innovations are reshaping healthcare delivery by shifting the focus from hospital-centered treatments to patient-centric, continuous monitoring systems. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the technological advancements, challenges, and future directions in biochemical sensors, focusing on key technologies such as electrochemical, optical, and enzymatic sensors. It also highlights the critical role of AI in interpreting the complex data generated by these sensors, paving the way for more efficient diagnostics and predictive healthcare models. Furthermore, the paper explores how these sensors have been applied in infectious disease detection, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and discusses their potential to enhance global health surveillance systems. In conclusion, wearable biochemical sensors represent a significant leap forward in the pursuit of personalized medicine, offering real-time diagnostics and timely interventions for disease management. The future of healthcare is closely tied to the ongoing innovations in sensor technology, with the promise of even more advanced and multifunctional devices on the horizon.
Falsificabilitatea lui Imre Lakatos în contextul programelor științifice de cercetare
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: October 2024

Această lucrare este o extensie a unui capitol din Imre Lakatos: Euristica și toleranța metodologică.[2] Imre Lakatos a explorat falsificabilitatea în contextul metodei științifice, criticând modelele anterioare de falsificabilitate, în special versiunea lui Karl Popper. Critica sa a condus la dezvoltarea modelului sofisticat de falsificabilitate, care subliniază natura cumulativă a științei, importanța programelor de cercetare și rolul predicțiilor în evaluarea progresului teoriilor științifice. Acest cadru permite o înțelegere mai flexibilă și mai fundamentată istoric a modului în care cunoștințele științifice sunt construite și perfecționate în timp.
Cushing's Syndrome and Topical Corticosteroids in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Berun A. Abdalla  , Maria A. Rasool  , Goran J. Baiz  , Zanyar Kh. Hama  , Karokh K. Mohammed  , Yousif M. Mahmood  , Ronak S. Ahmed  , Wirya N. Sabr  , Khdir Hussein Hamad Khoshnaw  , Soran M. Ahmed  , Karzan M. Hasan  , Bilal A. Mohammed  , Honar O. Kareem  , Dyari Q. Hamad
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Despite the increasing number of pediatric cases of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome (CS) due to topical corticosteroids, systematic reviews are lacking to provide comprehensive insights into the disease. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of the disease.
Methods
Relevant literature was identified using Google Scholar and PubMed. The search strategy was restricted to studies on human published in English. The inclusion criteria encompassed confirmed pediatric cases of iatrogenic CS induced by topical corticosteroids.
Results
The mean age of the cases was 38.8 months, with a female gender predominance (57.1%). Abnormalities in growth patterns were observed in approximately 75% of the cases. The most common clinical presentation was a "moon face" appearance (74.6%), followed by weight gain (55.5%). Clobetasol propionate was the most frequently used topical steroid (54%), followed by betamethasone types (35%). The mean duration of steroid use was 25.4 weeks. The primary indications for steroid use were dermatitis (47.6%), psoriasis (17.5%), and scabies (15.9%). Laboratory tests for adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels revealed low levels in 73% and 78% of cases, respectively. All cases had their initial steroid discontinued. Oral hydrocortisone was the primary replacement therapy (39.7%), followed by sulfur cream (12.7%). Fifty-one cases (81%) recovered from the disease. Partial recovery was observed in 2 cases (3.2%), while four cases (6.3%) did not survive.
Conclusion
A specialist should supervise topical corticosteroid administration, and parents need to be fully informed about the proper usage and potential side effects to avoid iatrogenic CS and other complications.
Changing Face of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Salih Rawezh , Niga Haji Qadir  , Noor Khalid Mohammed  , Goran M. Salih  , Awara K. Hama Rashid  , Rivan O. Salim  , Shnya Hawre Ahmed  , Hawnaz S. Abdullah  , Hidayat Anwar yaseen  , Wafa A. Hamadameen  , Abdullah Dler Ahmad  , Khanda A. Anwar  , Ayman M. Mustafa  , Berun A. Abdalla  , Dlsoz M. Hussein
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Infections of sterile body fluids are significant contributors to mortality and morbidity. Accurate species-level identification and understanding of the antimicrobial resistance profiles are crucial for selecting appropriate antimicrobials for empirical and targeted therapy. This study aims to examine the distribution of various bacterial species and their evolved antimicrobial resistance profiles isolated from different body fluids.
Methods
This retrospective study evaluated 301 body fluid samples collected at a tertiary hospital between January 2023 and December 2023. Samples were gram-stained and cultured on an appropriate media. Bacterial identification and susceptibility testing were performed using the BD Phoenix™ system, with disk diffusion method used for antibiotics not available in the system.
Results
Microbial growth was detected in 151 cases (50.2%), with a comparable prevalence among males and females (53.0% vs. 46.7%). The mean age was 49.81± 24.1 years. Growth rates were slightly higher in hospital-acquired infections (55.7%) than in community-acquired infections (49.2%). Cerebrospinal fluid showed the highest growth rate at 34.3%. Among the isolates, Streptococcus species were the most common (14.6%), while Escherichia coli was the predominant Gram-negative bacterium (13.2%). Sensitivity was highest with tigecycline (100%) and meropenem (92%), whereas resistance was most notable against ampicillin-sulbactam (100%) and azithromycin (95.2%). Multidrug resistance was identified in 106 isolates (70.2%).
Conclusion
High antibiotic resistance and multidrug-resistant strains underscore the need for rigorous antibiotic stewardship and improved infection control to address untreatable infections.