bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variación del color de macroalga Lessonia trabeculata deshidratada con secador de rayos infrarrojos
Authors: Castro Arata Daphne H. , Llamoca Domínguez Edwin , Anthony Quinteros Joanuel , Castillo Flores Yuri K. , Méndez Ancca Sheda
Published: March 2022

Fishmeal concentrates a high percentage of protein and its monetary cost is relatively high, searching for possible alternatives in macroalgae for improvement purposes is an option. Color is a fundamental characteristic of food, however, drying by the Infrared method as an emerging technology for the study of the macroalga Lessonia trabeculata is little studied. For this reason, the degradation and change of color in the drying process by infrared rays (IR) at different temperatures 40°C, 55°C and 70°C were objectively characterized with the color space scale (CIE-L*a *b*), through the use of a spectrophotometer. Drying was carried out with infrared rays in an infrared radiant heating chamber with a power of 4.5kW, 20.5 Amps. The results indicate that the best color treatment determined was for the macroalga Lessonia trabeculata at a temperature of 40°C with values ​​for: L*= 44.758±0.227, a*= -1.564 ± 0.016 and b*= 11.050±0.017; obtaining a first order kinetics for logarithmic scale corresponding to the parameters L*.b* as a function of time, likewise an activation energy value of Ea = 24.062 KJ/mol and the Arrhenius constant k0 = 0.0197 min- was reached. one. It is concluded that there is inverse variability between the color of the macroalgae and the temperature applied in the drying process; being the values ​​of the color parameters L*, a*, b* of the macroalga decreases as the temperature increases, thereby leading to color degradation.
Influencia bacteriana y fúngica en la mineralización de estiércol bovino: evidencia sobre la fertilidad del suelo en el cultivo de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Paco Perez Víctor , Gonzales Torrico Marcelo , Barrientos Pérez Ermindo , Carevic Felipe
Published: March 2022

Organic residues in soil are often degraded by the dynamic action of soil life. The objective of the present study was to determine the bacterial and fungal influence on the mineralization of bovine manure (BM) in soil. The research was carried out at the Centro Experimental Agropecuario de Condoriri, Oruro, Bolivia, at an altitude of 3,830 m asl. BM was applied to the pots at concentrations of 0.9, 1.9, 3.3, 4.2, 5.0, 5.6 and 6.7%, which were homogenized with river sand separately. 5 to 10 seeds of C. quinoa were manually sown in the pots. Soil samples were collected from the pots for microbiological analysis every 30 days, while macronutrients were collected at the end of plant physiological maturity. Bacteria were evaluated in Plate Count Agar (PCA) culture of 10-5 dilutions and fungi in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) of 10-2 solutions. The results indicate that alkaline pH does not reduce the population of bacteria and fungi. It was found that, at higher microbial population, nitrogen (N) has higher mineralization than other essential minerals. On the other hand, it was observed that the higher the degree of application of BM and the higher the soil moisture concentration, the more favorable the effects on the increase of bacterial and fungal populations. It is concluded that BM mineralization depends on high concentrations of bacterial and fungal populations as well as on soil moisture.
Efectos del derrame de petróleo en la Refinería la Pampilla en las costas del litoral marino, Lima (Perú)
Authors: Pulido Capurro Victor , Escobar-Mamani Fortunato , Arana Bustamante César , Olivera Carhuaz Edith
Published: March 2022

The oil spill that occurred on the sea coast of the La Pampilla Refinery has caused an environmental disaster of incalculable dimensions. Reports indicate that the product of the spill is 11,900 barrels of oil and the spread of crude oil is 1,739,000 square meters, which includes 24 contaminated beaches and 116 square kilometers impacted by the oil, between sea and land. The spilled oil has been displaced by marine currents in a northerly direction, affecting the habitats and biodiversity of the 512 hectares of the Reserva Nacional Sistema de Islas, Islotes y Puntas Guaneras and the 1758.1 hectares of the Zona Reservada Ancón. Nearly 500 species of invertebrates, marine algae, birds and mammals have been directly affected and, likely, they will not return to the habitats where they resided before the spill and which have been destroyed by the contamination. The objective of the editorial is to describe the possible environmental effects of the oil spill, which in itself contravenes the "human-environment interaction", while providing inputs for academic debate so that scientists can propose remediation strategies for the environmental disaster that has occurred in favor of biodiversity conservation and sustainability. The Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas is always attentive to everything that may be harmful to the environment and human health, especially to induce the balance of "interaction between human beings and the environment", from different disciplines and institutions of knowledge.
Weed Detection in Pea Cultivation with the Faster RCNN ResNet 50 Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Mohammed Habib , Tannouche Adil , Ounejjar Youssef
Published: March 2022

The fight against weed remains one of the major challenges in agriculture to improve land productivity. The first and most important step of this fight is to detect and locate this weed. Artificial intelligence has played a very important contribution in this detection. Several applications have been developed using Deep Learning techniques to detect and identify weed, but the variety of weed types complicates this operation. We propose a Deep Learning technique to detect and localize the crop, by training the pretrained Faster RCNN ResNet model with a rich dataset. We developed an algorithm able to detect and ultra-localize the pea crop with a prediction up to 100%. The obtained results show the feasibility of this method to distinguish the crop among weed.
A Novel Edge Detection Algorithm Based on Outer Totalistic Cellular Automata
Authors: Djemame Safia , Fichouche Siham
Published: March 2022

Edge detection is a key technique in image processing. The detected edge quality has a direct and significant impact on performance. There is a multitude of methods for edge detection but they are strongly associated with the application and the quality of the images. However, more precise outcomes and a reduced execution time remain the primary objectives for extracting edges. To address these issues, we propose a novel technique based on a complex system called Cellular Automata (CA). They are successfully applied in edge detection due to their simplicity and local interactions. This undertook shed new light on a novel method using Outer Totalistic Cellular Automata (OTCA) to perform efficiently edge detection. We have tested images from Berkeley dataset. RMSE and SSIM are used as fitness functions for estimating numerical performance of OTCA rules. Comparisons were made with classical edge detectors like: Canny, Scharr, Sobel, Roberts. Experimental results showed that OTCA rules provide excellent performance and outperforms other edge detectors in terms of precision and execution time, particularly when dealing with noisy images.
ADCSA-WSD: Adapted Discrete Crow Search Algorithm for Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Abdelaali Bekhouche , Hichem Haouassi , Mahdaoui Rafik , Hichem Rahab , Makhlouf Ledmi
Published: March 2022

In the field of natural language processing, the semantic disambiguation of words is beneficial to several applications, which helps us to identify the correct meaning of a word or a sequence of words according to the given context. It can be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem where the goal is to find the set of meanings that contribute to improving the semantic relationship between target words. The Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) is a nature-inspired algorithm. It mimics the food foraging behavior of crow birds and their social interaction. CSA can deal with both continuous and discrete optimization problems. In this paper, the Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is modelled as a combinatorial optimization problem that is by nature a discrete problem. For this propose the discrete version of CSA has been adapted for solving the WSD problem and a DCSA-based WSD approach is proposed and called ADCSA-WSD. The proposed approach has been evaluated and compared with state-of-the-art approaches using three well-known benchmark datasets (SemCor 3.0, SensEval-02, SensEval-03). Experimental results show that ADCSA-WSD approach is performing better than other approaches.
Risk Assessment of Cardiovascular Diseases Using kNN and Decision Tree Classifier
Authors: Jadhav Abhijit Dnyaneshwar , Chobe Santosh V.
Published: March 2022

As per the information provided by WHO, most of the people die from the cardiovascular disease. In 2019, almost 32% of the global deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases, out of which 85% were because of heart attacks and strokes. Hence, it is very important to predict the chances and risk of cardiovascular disease event, to prevent any damage in future. Cardiovascular diseases are the disorders of blood vessels supplying blood to heart, brain and different parts of the body. There are different causes of cardiovascular diseases, which can be quantified with the help of different features and with supporting attributes like age of the person, any diseases like diabetes, blood pressure etc., the risk of the cardiovascular disease can be assessed to prevent the further losses. Machine learning approach is very useful in these circumstances, where quantified data values are available in terms of data set. Machine learning techniques can be used to find the risk of cardiovascular disease. Here, we are proposing to use the two machine learning classifiers such as kNN and decision tree. kNN helps us to find the possibility of cardiovascular disease and decision tree helps us to classify the type of the cardiovascular disease with the risk involved. This approach is very useful, as decision tree is one of the most accurate classifiers, which also helps us to identify the specific cardiovascular disease that can be the future event based on feature values. This proposed methodology is justified with proper research gap stating the important of the proposed architecture and implementation results, which gives effective way for assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Anthropological Errors as a Threat to Marriage According to Pope Francis
Authors: Grabowski John S.
Published: March 2022

Like St. John Paul II, Pope Francis identifies particular anthropological errors in his teaching that pose threats to marriage and to the family which it founds. This paper identifies and briefly examines three: the individualism which produces a “throwaway culture,” Pelagianism, and Gnosticism. These errors highlighted by Pope Francis parallel important aspects of the teaching of Saint Augustine of Hippo.
Woke Culture in Canada? Anthropological Errors and Opportunities for Mission
Authors: Roderick Ellen
Published: March 2022

With the recent emergence of the so-called “woke culture” in North America and Europe, and given the wide variety of ways “woke” has been interpreted by Christians, this paper begins by defining “woke culture” through the lens of anthropology: what is “woke culture” and what does it presuppose about the meaning of being human? The paper argues that “woke culture” carries within it the seeds of an anthropological error: it ignores the original evidence of the giveness of an embodied identity, including both the inherent meaningfulness of having received one’s body from another, and the significance of its sexual differentiation as male or female. A reduced understanding of human freedom as pure “self-making” also follows. By contrast, Pope John Paul II presents an adequate anthropology by placing embodied human experience at its center. Taking Canada as a case study for “woke culture,” examples from the three fundamental anthropological categories of birth, love (sexual difference) and death are discussed. In the face of the great confusion generated by this new category of “woke,” assessing its anthropological foundations prepares those who are engaged in Catholic education or pastoral work to respond adequately to the challenges it brings. The paper invites both a critical reading of woke culture, and a fearless creativity to be present within it.
Повышение эффективности лечебно–профилактических мероприятий при заболеваниях полости рта у профессиональных спортсменов
Authors: Гаджиев Д.Г.
Published: March 2022

Было обследовано 550 профессиональных спортсменов в возрасте 17–33 года, имеющих высокую спортивную квалификацию. При организации лечебных групп в виде контроля была отобрана группа 20 спортсменов, не прошедших курс лечебно– профилактических мероприятий, того же возраста, спортивной квалификации и соматического статуса, что и в основной группе (20). В группе контроля распространенность апикального периодонтита составила 3,0±1,71%, в группах с заболеваниями ССС – 13,3±2,78% (p<0,05) и 10,7±2,52% – с ЛОР – заболеваниями (p<0,05), а в группе спортсменов с ЖКТ были зарегистрированы максимальные значения –16,7±3,04%. Частота встречаемости средней степени тяжести пародонтопатий в основной группе также значительно уменьшилась с 72% до 55%. Количество профессиональных спортсменов с легкой степенью тяжести пародонтита в основной группе увеличилось. В то время, как в группе контроля уменьшилось до 18%.
Влияние технико-экономических показателей на экономическое состояние промышленных территорий
Authors: Осипов Р.Э. , Григорьева Д.Р.
Published: March 2022

В статье подробно рассматриваются тенденции развития крупнейших металлургических компаний Российской Федерации. Выявлены их современное состояние и ключевые тенденции развития. В статье был проведен анализ статистических данных объемов производства и продаж проката по различным направлениям нескольких металлургических предприятий.
Новеллы аудиторского законодательства и их влияние на экономическую безопасность хозяйствующего субъекта
Authors: Чуприкова З.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются основные изменения, внесенные в законодательство об аудиторской деятельности, и анализируется влияние этих изменений на экономическую безопасность хозяйствующего субъекта. Отдельно рассматриваются новые обязанности аудиторских организаций в информационном цифровом пространстве.
К вопросу о понятии и сущности уголовно-процессуального доказывания
Authors: Козодаева Д.М. , Огнерубов Н.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируются доктринальные подходы к сущности доказывания по уголовным делам в контексте определения его конечной цели. Автор рассматривает достижение объективной истины по уголовному делу во взаимосвязи с принципом состязательности, выявляя сущностные черты мыслительной и практической деятельности должностных лиц, ведущих производство по уголовному делу. Обобщается опыт законодательной регламентации задач, структуры и отдельных элементов доказывания, что позволило прийти к выводу о необходимости дополнения уголовно-процессуального закона положениями, регламентирующими принцип доказывания в контексте целеполагания, коррелирующими с существующим ныне основным началом свободы оценки доказательств.
Значимость метода дискуссии при обучении иностранному языку
Authors: Башкирова О.А.
Published: March 2022

В статье анализируется дискуссионный метод при обучении иностранному языку. Рассматриваются этапы метода дискуссии: подготовительный, сама дискуссия, заключительный. Подчёркивается необходимость владения практическим профессиональным иностранным языком для межкультурного общения. Цель статьи – определить эффективность метода дискуссии при формировании коммуникативных умений у студентов вуза.
Современные геополитические модели мироустройства – тенденции и перспективы развития
Authors: Чаевич А.В.
Published: March 2022

В данной статье дается оценка современным геополитическим моделям современного мира, роли Российской Федерации в новой геополитической структуре мира. Анализируется стремление США использовать «Саммит демократий» 2021 г. как способ придания однополюсной модели мироустройства видимости легитимности. Рассматривается влияние ООН на современную модель мироустройства, как действенный механизм обеспечения мировой стабильности.
Natural Language Processing for Virtual Reference Analysis
Authors: Sharma Ansh , Barrett Kathryn , Stapelfeldt Kirsta
Published: March 2022

Objective – Chat transcript analysis can illuminate user needs by identifying common question topics, but traditional hand coding methods for topic analysis are time-consuming and poorly suited to large datasets. The research team explored the viability of automatic and natural language processing (NLP) strategies to perform rapid topic analysis on a large dataset of transcripts from a consortial chat service.
Methods – The research team developed a toolchain for data processing and analysis, which incorporated targeted searching for query terms using regular expressions and natural language processing using the Python spaCy library for automatic topic analysis. Processed data was exported to Tableau for visualization. Results were compared to hand-coded data to test the accuracy of conclusions.
Results – The processed data provided insights about the volume of chats originating from each participating library, the proportion of chats answered by operator groups for each library, and the percentage of chats answered by different staff types. The data also captured the top referring URLs for the service, course codes and file extensions mentioned, and query hits. Natural language processing revealed that the most common topics were related to citation, subscription databases, and finding full-text articles, which aligns with common question types identified in hand-coded transcripts.
Conclusion – Compared to hand coding, automatic and NLP processing approaches have benefits in terms of the volume of data that can be analyzed and the time frame required for analysis, but they come with a trade-off in accuracy, such as false hits. Therefore, computational approaches should be used to supplement traditional hand coding methods. As NLP becomes more accurate, approaches such as these may widen avenues of insight into virtual reference and patron needs.
User-Focused Values of Empathy, Empowerment, and Communication Are Unheralded in Previous Conceptualizations of Reference and Information Services
Authors: Patterson Jordan
Published: March 2022

A Review of:
VanScoy, Amy. (2021). Using Q methodology to understand conflicting conceptualizations of reference and information service. Library and Information Science Research, 43(1), 101107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2021.101107
Abstract
Objective – To understand how experienced librarians conceptualize reference and information service (RIS), and to determine if and to what extent these conceptualizations match existing RIS models.
Design – Q methodology card sort followed by short interview.
Setting – Academic, public, school, and special libraries in Slovenia, South Africa, and the United States.
Subjects – Sixty-six (66) librarians from Slovenia, South Africa, and the United States.
Methods – The researcher asked participants to sort 35 statements about RIS from “Least like how I think” to “Most like how I think.” The participants had the opportunity to comment on their card sort. From these card sorts, the researcher used statistical methods to generate factors describing underlying conceptualizations of RIS. These factors were compared to existing literature on RIS.
Main Results – Departing from the prevailing “information provision/instruction” conceptualizations of RIS, the researcher found that most respondents conceptualized RIS according to three previously unacknowledged paradigms: 1) transformation and empathy; 2) communication and information provision; and 3) empowering and learning. Fifty-three (53) of the 66 participants loaded on to one of these three factors, i.e. sorted their cards in a similar way to other participants in that factor. Factors 2 and 3 supported existing ideas of RIS in the literature, whereas factor 1 presented a novel understanding of RIS. Common to all three factors, however, is a strong focus on the user.
Conclusion – Traditional models conceptualize RIS as emphasizing either information provision or instruction. The practical judgments of experienced, working librarians, however, gesture toward different, more nuanced theoretical conclusions. Beyond the traditional poles of RIS, librarians consider empathy, empowerment, transformation, and communication as other important aspects of the RIS function.
PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF RESTENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE AFTER ENDOVASCULAR PROCEDURES
Authors:   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Kalinin R.E. , Suchkov I.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Mzhavanadze N.D. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Povarov V.O. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Klimentova E.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Zhurina O.N. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Puchkova G.A. ,   Physician of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Ryazan Regional Clinical Cardiologic Dispensary
Published: March 2022

Objective. To study the role of hemostatic parameters as potential markers of restenosis in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) after endovascular procedures. Methods. An open prospective study involved 55 PAD patients aged 63 (57; 69) with the stage IIb-IV Fontaine chronic lower limb ischemia; 48 (87.3%) subjects were male; 18 (32.73%) patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Before angioplasty or stenting of the arteries of the lower extremities, the activity of protein C (PrC), the levels of soluble endothelial receptors for protein C (sEPCR), the activity of coagulation factors FVIII, FIX, FXI were determined in the peripheral blood. Within a year every three months Duplex ultrasound or angiography for follow-up examination have been performed to detect restenosis. Results. Within one year restenosis was detected in 13 (23.6%) patients. Binary regression analysis revealed T2D, FVIII activity and sEPCR as prognostic markers of restenosis. sEPCR level lower than 46.8 ng/ml was associated with a 4.263 higher risk for restenosis after endovascular procedures (odds ratio 4.263, CI 95% 1.509-12.042); absolute risk 47±11% (CI 95% 25-69 %). The patients with T2D had a 2.6 higher risk for restenosis as compared to subjects without diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 2.6, CI 95% 1.031-6.599); absolute risk 41.18±12% (CI 95% 17.78-64.58%). The probability of developing restenosis was inversely related to the initial indicators of FVIII activity and the level of sEPCR: the lower the absolute values of FVIII and sEPCR, the higher the likelihood of developing restenosis in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Patientswith diabetes mellitus (type 2), reduced activity of coagulation factor FVIII and level of soluble endothelial protein C receptors are at particularlyhigh riskforrestenosis What this paper adds The study of hemostasis parameters in patients with the peripheral atherosclerosis revealed that the sEPCR level below 46.8 ng/ml corresponded to an elevateion of restenosis risk after endovascular interventions by 4.263 folds (odds ratio 4.263, 95% CI 1.509-12.042), the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus - in 2.6 folds (odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 1.031-6.599). The likelihood of developing restenosis was inversely related to baseline FVIII activity and sEPCR levels. The authors proposed a method for calculating the individual probability of developing restenosis using the abovementional indicators.
TREATMENT METHODS OF PATIENTS WITH POSTOPERATIVE VENTRAL HERNIAS AND CREATED INTESTINAL FISTULAS
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Belokonev B.I. , Pushkin S.Y. ,   Samara State Medical University, Kovaleva Z.V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Avezova D.B. ,   Samara State Medical University, Novikov D.V. ,   Samara State Medical University
Published: March 2022

Objective. To substantiate the methods of surgical treatment in patients with postoperative ventral hernias and created intestinal fistulas based on the comparison of the outcomes of one-stage and two-stage operations. Methods. The analysis of patients (n=40) with postoperative ventral hernias and created intestinal fistulas imposed for therapeutic purposes or created as the treatment outcomes of uncreated fistulas has been performed. Jejunal fistulas were present in 7 patients (17.5%), ileal fistulas in 18 (45%), and colonic fistulas in 15 (37.5%) patients. The patients of group 1 (n=15, 37.5% ) underwent the two-stage operations. First, the fistula was closed with the access to the site of its location, and then after 3-6 months, the excision of hernia was performed. In patients of group 2 (n=25, 62.5%) fistula was simultaneously removed and hernia was excised. The «tension-free»techniquesinhernia orifice repair in those groups was performed. The outcomes were evaluated by the number of local and general complications in the period from 10 days to 6 months. Results. Wound complications after the first operation developed in 2 (13.3%) patients in the 1st group. There were no complications after the second stage of hernioplasty. In group 2, wound complications developed in 3 (12%) patients. There was no anastomotic failure in the groups. In the long terms, good results were obtained in 15 patients in group 1 and in 25 patients in group 2. The use of anterior prosthetic «tension-free»techniques of plastic surgery by the combined methods in one-stage allows obtaining results comparable to two-stage operations. Conclusion. In patients with hernias and intestinal fistulas, the method of treatment in one-stage or two-stages depends on the possibility of the gastrointestinal restoring patency from minimally invasive access in the site of the fistula location. What this paper adds For the first time, the indications for performing operations with postoperative ventral hernias and intestinal fistulas in one-stage and two-stage operations have been substantiated. Treatment option for patients with hernias and intestinal fistulas has been found to depend on the possibility of the gastrointestinal patency restoring from minimally invasive access in the site of the fistula location.
OPTIMIZATION OF SURGICAL WOUND CARE AFTER URETHROPLASTY IN CHILDREN WITH HYPOSPADIA
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Nakonechnyy R.A. , Nakonechnyi A.Y. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To develop optimal postoperative wound care tactics for boys with hypospadias. Methods. The patients (128) with hypospadias aged from 11 months to 7 years were examined. The main group A consisted of 83 (64.8%) patients in whom we used a special bandage. It includes layer by layer of soft polyamide net two-sided onlay coated with soft silicone and adhesive properties, abundantly treated with an antimicrobial ointment containing an osmotic agent, sterile absorbent wipes with non-woven material, a circularly applied elastic bandage and an adhesive plaster with porous non-woven material. The dressing usually held up to 5 days. Group B included 45 (35.2%) patients with hypospadias, in whom we used a conventional sterile circular gauze bandage with antimicrobial ointment. The gauze bandage changed daily. For all clinical symptoms the groups were comparable in age. Postoperative wound healing had been monitored for 10 days after urethroplasty. The emphasis was made on such criteria as bleeding with hematoma formation, copious exudate excretion, penis skin hyperemia, «soft» and «dense» edema, drying crust (scab), skin sutures dehiscence, hypergranulation and necrosis. Results. In group A, problems with the skin flap and postoperative wound were detected only in 17 (20.5%) boys on the second or third day after removal of the special bandage. In the postoperative period, 41 (91.1%) patients in group B had «painful» skin changes in the area of the postoperative wound, which appeared almost the next day after surgery. Conclusion. The use of special bandage delays in time the contact of microbiota penis tissues compromised by surgery and the external environment, which, no doubt, improves the healing of skin grafts in the early postoperative period, and therefore reduces the number of urethroplasty complications. What this paper adds For the first time in patients with hypospadias, the process of postoperative wound healing was analyzed depending on the type of dressing. It was established that the use of a long-term bandage with a soft polyamide mesh doublesided pad with a silicone contact layer and adhesive properties compared to a traditional gauze bandage, which was changed daily, optimized the tactics of postoperative wound care in boys with hypospadias and minimized the number of urethroplasty complications.
THE USE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN THE TREATMENT OF BURNS IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Chornopyshchuk R.N.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma injections in the treatment of wounds in experimental animals with burns. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 30 sexually mature male Wistar rats, which, after simulation of infected burn wound with boiling water and excision of necrotic tissue to pinpoint bleeding, hemostasis, on the second day, were divided into the main and control groups, depending on the chosen strategy of subsequent treatment. Wound defect of the animals in the control group (15 rats) was treated and bandages soaked in 0.02% decamethoxin solution were applied. Platelet-rich plasma was additionally injected into the wound area of the animals in the main group (15 rats) on the 1st, 3rd, 5th day after necrectomy. The remaining plasma was applied to the wound surface followed by closure with a polyvinyl chloride film and gauze bandage. Wound dressings were performed daily. The study involved a histological examination of the wound site and surrounding tissues the collection of which was carried out on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th day after the removal of necrotic tissues. Results. In animals of the main group, the treatment of which involved the use of platelet-rich plasma, on the 3rd day after necrectomy in the wound area a decrease in the depth of injury that extended only of to subcutaneous tissue, a decrease in the activity of the inflammatory reaction in the tissues, followed by the proliferation of new epidermis and almost complete healing of wound defect up to 14 days were determined. For comparison, pathological changes in the tissues of the injured area of the animals in the control group were more pronounced with signs of muscle injury. In addition, during the entire observation period in this group of animals, an intense inflammatory reaction with low proliferative activity persisted. Conclusion. The effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma injections as an element of complex local treatment of burn wounds in rats has been experimentally confirmed. What this paper adds The expediency and effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of burns was histologically substantiated in the work on a specific experimental model of rats. In particular, its ability to positively influence the paranecrotic zone, reduce the intensity of inflammatory reaction in tissues, actively restore skin appendages, and stimulate the processes of proliferation and epithelization was established.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FEMORAL HEAD NECROSIS WITH PRE-DIFFERENTIATED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Murzich A.E. , Sokolovsky O.A. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Eismont O.L. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Isaykina Ya.I. ,   Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology
Published: March 2022

Objective. To study the results of pre-differentiated MSCs application in the treatment of femoral head necrosis in young patients. Methods. The developed high-tech approach included: exfusion of 50-70 ml of patient’s bone marrow 4 weeks prior to implantation; osteogenic differentiation and obtaining a biomedical cell product; surgical decompression and introduction of pre-differentiated MSCs in fibrin gel; postoperative rehabilitation. Surgeries were performed in 25 patients at stages I and II according to the ARCO classification. The average age of patients is 34 [29; 45], men - 20 (80%), women - 5 (20%). Theassessment scaleis avisual analogue scale (VAS), Harris scale, radiography, MRI. Results. Observation period was 41 [19; 59] month. Average Harris score before surgery was 76 [68.8; 79] points, after treatment - 90 [78.9; 92] points. In 15 (60%) cases an excellent results were obtained, in 5 (20%) - good, in 3 (12%) - satisfactory, in 2 (8%) - unsatisfactory (collapse progression). The level of pain syndrome was reduced from 40 [30; 50] to 10 [5; 25] points. There were no complications. Preservation of the femoral head sphericity and the width of the joint space, relief of bone marrow edema, reduction of the necrosis zone size and synovitis according to MRI data were found in 92% of cases. Conclusion. The treatment method of femoral head necrosis with the use of pre-differentiated MSCs in the absence of infectious triggers in the lesion focus made it possible to preserve 95 % of cultured cells in the cell product composition and to introduce it minimally invasively, avoiding the need for bone graft collection. The introduction of the cellular technologies in practice made it possible to obtain positive treatment results in 92% of cases due to an improvement clinical condition by the Harris scale and reduce of pain syndrome compared to the initial state; it did not lead to infectious, allergic or other complications within the 41 [19; 59] month follow-up. What this paper adds A method of cell therapy of femoral head necrosis affected young patients using pre-differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been firstly developed. The use of a new method of treatment made it possible to obtain positive results and preserve the structures of the hip joints in 92% of cases due to the optimization of the osteoregeneration process has been demonstrated.
STRUCTURE OF MICROFLORA AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE TRENDS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF A MULTIDISCIPLINE INSTITUTION
Authors:   Vitebsk State Medical University, Ziamko V.Y. , Okulich V. K. ,   Vitebsk State Medical University, Dzyadzko A.M. ,   Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantation and Hematology
Published: March 2022

Objective. To study dynamics of structure and antibiotic resistance of microflora in the intensive care unit depending on the amount of used antibiotics. Methods. 41375 isolates were studied in the intensive care unit of a multidisciplinary hospital from 2015 to early 2021. Bacteriological examination of clinical samples on basis of Republican Scientific and Practical Center “Infection in Surgery” has been performed. The primary treatment of results with the analysis of sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics was carried out by means of International Computer Program (WHONET). Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by disk-diffusion method, suspended in Mueller-Hinton broth and semi-automatic analyzer ATB Expression (BioMerieux, France). The analysis of consumption of antibacterial drugs in the intensive care unit was carried out according to data of pharmacy which operates at the medical institution where the research itself was carried out. Results. From 2015 to 2017 the analysis of microflora composition permitted to establish the prevalence of P. aeruginosa (22,74%), Acinetobacter spp. (22,25%) and K. pneumoniae (16,11%) which occurred 1,6 folds more often than other microorganisms while in general structure of multidisciplinary hospital S. aureus was most common (20,96% and 20,05%). Since 2018 carbapenem-resistant K. pneumonia has dominated (23,01%). Tigecycline and colistat were not effective against 4,3% and 5,7% of K. pneumoniae isolates in 2019, 10,2% and 13,7% of isolates in 2020, 37,3% and 39,6% - from January to May 2021 which was associated with a growth of tigecycline and colistat consumption. Conclusion. Since 2018 prevalence of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae has been observed in microflora of the intensive care unit which is associated with a growth of consumption of antibacterial drugs which caused appearance of K. pneumoniae isolates resistant to colistin and tigecycline. What this paper adds The relation tendency between the consumed antibacterial agents and the growth of resistance to them in the intensive care intensive care unit of a multidisciplinary institution has been firstly analyzed. The predominance of carbapenem-resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae was established starting from 2018 which led to an increase in the use of tigecycline and colistin in the treatment of patients in the intensive care unit accompanied by the appearance of isolates resistant to them at the end of 2020.
BILIARY FISTULA AFTER PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Rayn V.Yu.
Published: March 2022

Literature searches were carried out on the Pubmed information platform and in the elibrary and Cyberleninka libraries by Keywords. Inclusion criteria are the following: availability of the full-text version of the original article, full compliance with the topic, publication period no more than 5 years. From 144 publications received, those completely duplicated and not meeting the inclusion criteria, were excluded. A total of 36 articles are included in the review. The epidemiology of biliary fistula after pancreatoduodenal resection, modern views on pathogenesis, classification, preventive measures and therapeutic and diagnostic tactics during its development are considered. In the postoperative period of pancreatoduodenal resection, biliary fistula is formed with a frequency of 1-24%. Non-modifiable risk factors include male gender, thin common bile duct, benign biliopancreatoduodenal pathology, and cancer with previous neoadjuvant therapy. Modifiable risk factors include obesity, hypoalbuminemia, obstructive jaundice, duration of hepaticojejunostomy, and prior endoscopic biliary drainage. Nowadays, effective and safe procedures are available in modern interventional radiology for the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative biliary fistula, which can be used as an alternative to endoscopic manipulations and revision interventions when the latter are associated with high risks of complications. Timely detection and treatment ensures the prevention of severe biliary fistula and repeated interventions and favorable prognosis, as well as saving medical and financial resources.
Human Papillomavirus Infection Is an Unresolved Challenge in Assisted Reproductive Techniques
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Therapeutic Effects of Edaravone on Azoospermia: Free Radical Scavenging and Autophagy Modulation in Testicular Tissue of Mice
Authors: Ghaffari Novin Mahsa , Sabbagh Alvani Mohammadamin , Balani Mohammadreza Mafi , Aliaghaei Abbas , Afshar Azar , Aghajanpour Fakhroddin , Soltani Reza , Nazarian Hamid , Salimi Maryam , Seyed Hasani Ahad Hasan , Abdi Shabnam , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin , Raee Pourya
Published: March 2022

Background: Chemotherapeutic agents such as cyclophosphamide and busulfan have been shown to have a negative impact on the spermatogenesis process. Based on this fact, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of edaravone on spermatogenesis in busulfan-induced mice.
Methods: Forty adult male mice were equally divided into the four groups: 1) control, 2) edaravone, 3) busulfan, and 4) busulfan + edaravone. Then, the sperm parameters, histopathological examinations, and serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were also assessed. Caspase-3, Beclin-1, and ATG-7 mRNA levels were also determined using real-time PCR.
Results: Our results revealed that treatment of mice with edaravone in busulfan-induced azoospermia significantly improves sperm parameters, including total count, morphology, and viability (p<0.05). Furthermore, edaravone administration led to a significant increase in serum testosterone (p<0.0001) and FSH (p<0.001) levels, as well as testis weight (p<0.05) and volume (p<0.01). Edaravone also prevented a decrease in the number of testicular cells including spermatogonia (p<0.0001), primary spermatocytes (p<0.001), round spermatids (p<0.0001), Sertoli (p<0.01), and Leydig cells (p<0.0001) in busulfan-treated mice. Additionally, in busulfan-induced azoospermia, edaravone significantly reduced the percentage of sperm with immature chromatin (p<0.0001). Following treatment with edaravone, a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in glutathione (GSH) production were noted compared to busulfan-treated mice. Furthermore, caspase-3 (p<0.05), Beclin-1, and ATG-7 (p<0.001) genes expression decreased significantly in treatment groups compared to busulfan-induced azoospermia.
Conclusion: According to our findings, edaravone can improve spermatogenesis in busulfan-induced azoospermia through free radical scavenging and autophagy modulation in testicular tissue.
Evaluating the Implementation of Child Development and Care Program in Isfahan Comprehensive Child Development Center
Authors: Moradinia Mitra , Vaezi Atefeh
Published: March 2022

Background: The Comprehensive Child Development Center was established in 2012 in the center of Isfahan province to rapidly identify and intervene in the developmental problems of children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of this program.
Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study conducted based on the framework for evaluating public health programs established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of United States of America with regard to evaluation of infrastructure, process and outcome. The infrastructure’s checklist included an area of land, equipment, workforce and equipment completed with presence of researcher at the center. Process and outcome evaluation was performed for 127 registered children during 2019. A satisfaction questionnaire was completed in person or remotely by parents of 144 children referred to the center in 2019 and 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA was carried out through SPSS 16 software.
Results: The overall compliance of infrastructure with standards was 75.42%, with the highest compliance related to the equipment and the lowest related to the specialized workforce. The degree of compliance of the process compared with the standard one varied in different dimensions. 6.30 % of the children were cured and 76.38 % quit treatment. The most common reasons for treatment discontinuation were lack of appointment (29.53 %) and long distance (18.12 %). The overall satisfaction score was 83.90 ± 14.08. The satisfaction of the parents who completed the questionnaire in person was higher than those who completed the questionnaire remotely.
Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the rate of complete cure is low and the rate of treatment discontinuation is high, whose main reasons were the lack of appointment to admit children with developmental disorders and long distance. It is suggested that, in order to solve the problem, the Ministry of Health establish more centers and provide the required workforce.
Estimating the Income Elasticities of Health Expenditures for Income Quintiles and Inequality of Health Expenditures Distribution
Authors: Shahraki Mahdi
Published: March 2022

Background: Determining the income elasticities of the household health expenditures, especially for income deciles, leads to adoption of appropriate policies to control and manage health expenditures among income deciles. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to estimate the income elasticities of urban household health expenditures by income quintiles, and also calculate inequality in distribution of urban household health expenditures in Iran.
Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and applied study performed cross-sectionally with the Hackman two-stage method in Stata 16 software in 2021. The sample included 16,943 urban households in Statistics Center of Iran, and the data was extracted from the raw data of different sections of the cost and income questionnaire regarding urban households. Health expenditure inequality was measured by Gini coefficient, Robin Hood and Herfindal-Hershman indices.
Results: The results showed that the income elasticity of health expenditures was 0.31 for the entire sample and 0.28, 0.66 and 0.36 for the first, second and fifth quintiles, respectively. The Gini, Robin Hood and Herfindal Hirschman indices were 0.240, 0.272 and 0.231, respectively. The increase in parents' educational level and household income, and having a child under seven and a private home had a positive effect and maternal employment had a negative effect on the increase of household health expenditures.
Conclusion: Health is an important asset for urban households and the income quintiles; therefore, the adoption of redistributive policies is recommended to support households, especially the ones in the 2 lowest quintiles. The results of inequality indicators demonstrate the existence of inequality in the distribution of health expenditures; so, it is recommended to upgrade health insurance programs for low-income deciles, expand the coverage of essential medical services and receive premiums based on their ability to pay.
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Preventive Behaviors of Readmission in Patients with Early Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Bagherzadi Aynaz , Habibzadeh Hossein , Didarloo Alireza , Kalkhali Hamid Reza
Published: March 2022

Background: Health belief model is a preventive model for health problems such as heart diseases. The aim of this study was defining the effect of educational intervention according to the health belief model on the beliefs of patients with a primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome regarding preventive behaviors of readmission.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was done on patients with the primary diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, discharging from Seyed-al-Shohada Hospital of Urmia, who were randomly selected and put into 2 groups of intervention and control (35 subjects). A researcher- made questionnaire titled “preventive behaviors of cardiac disease and readmission” was used just before, 1, and 3 months after the intervention. For statistical analysis, multiple comparisons of Bonferroni, t-test, chi-square and SPSS 17 software were used.
Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores of all the studied areas were not significantly different in the 2 groups of intervention and control (p > 0.05), indicating that the scores of the 2 groups were similar before the study. But, after calculating the difference between the mean scores of preventive behaviors regarding readmission, in the areas of knowledge, perceived severity, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and preventive behaviors regarding readmission 1 month after the intervention, and in the areas of knowledge, perceived barriers, and guidelines for preventive behaviors and actions regarding readmission 3 months after the intervention, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The intervention, 1 and 3 months after the implementation, had no effect on the perceived sensitivity and benefits of heart patients (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of implementing the health belief model on health beliefs and preventive behaviors regarding Readmission, it is possible to improve health behaviors by holding regular training sessions and following up on patients’ status, and prevent from patients’ Readmission and hospitalization costs, which also increases the quality of their life.