bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching daily living skills to an adolescent with autism in a real‐life setting
Authors: Dogan Serap
Published: September 2023

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulties with daily life skills (DLS). Difficulties with DLS create obstacles to independence. To move into adulthood more smoothly, it is critical to teach some DLS during certain periods, such as adolescence. In the present study, the skills of preparing an instant soup, setting the dinner table and placing dirty dishes in the dishwasher were taught to a 16‐year‐old adolescent with ASD via video modelling presented on a tablet PC. Maintenance and generalisation of the skills, as well as the opinions of the participant, his parents and his brother about the study, were examined. Finally, the participant's level of non‐target information acquisition regarding the skills was examined. A multiple probe design across skills, within single‐case experimental research designs, was employed in the study. The results show that the participant acquired, maintained and generalised the target skills. The participant and his family members were satisfied with the study.
Identifying sensory attributes of Korean rice wine (makgeolli) using sensory evaluation and chemical analysis
Authors: Wong Barry , Owens Adrian , Phillips Megan , Kam Rothman
Published: September 2023

Makgeolli is a traditional alcoholic beverage in Korea; however, research on makgeolli is limited in foreign markets such as New Zealand. This study seeks to identify sensory descriptors that best describe makgeolli among New Zealand consumers. Four methods of making makgeolli have been identified based on different processing times and the number of fermentation stages. Chemical analysis and sensory evaluation were carried out to establish the different sensory and flavor properties of the four different makgeolli samples. Chemical analysis using SPME–GC–MS was employed to understand the volatile compounds present in the four makgeolli samples, while two sensory tests were carried out simultaneously using Check‐All‐That‐Apply (CATA) and Just‐About‐Right (JAR). A total of 45 volatile compounds were identified using SPME–GC–MS, and examples of major volatiles include 2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (alcoholic flavor), limonene (citrus‐like flavor), and hexanal (green/grass‐like flavor). One hundred and twenty‐nine subjects (n = 68 females) completed the sensory evaluation and were analyzed for this study. Female subjects tend to rate overall acceptance of makgeolli higher than male subjects; both subjects preferred 1SF‐YN with the highest mean hedonic score, and the least preferred makgeolli was 1SF‐N. From CATA, attributes such as apple, apricot, peach, sweet taste, and bubbly texture were statistically significant when describing makgeolli. For JAR, a high proportion of subjects indicated that sourness was too much in three of the four makgeolli samples.

Practical Application

Research on rice wine in Western markets such as New Zealand is limited, and this study gives insight into how New Zealand consumers perceive Korean rice wine (makgeolli). Sensory participants in this study indicated that makgeolli is too sour and lacks sufficient sweetness in the majority of the samples examined. When launching makgeolli to the New Zealand market, practitioners need to optimize sweetness and reduce sourness to increase overall liking. Sensory terms used by subjects describing makgeolli include cider, apple, and sour.
Longitudinal analysis of physical function in older adults: The effects of physical inactivity and exercise training
Authors: Manning Kenneth M. , Hall Katherine S. , Sloane Richard , Magistro Daniele , Rabaglietti Emanuela , Lee Cathy C. , Castle Steven , Kopp Teresa , Giffuni Jamie , Katzel Leslie , McDonald Michelle , Miyamoto Miles , Pearson Megan , Jennings Stephen C. , Bettger Janet Prvu , Morey Miriam C.
Published: September 2023

Lack of exercise contributes to systemic inflammation and is a major cause of chronic disease. The long‐term impact of initiating and sustaining exercise in late life, as opposed to sustaining a sedentary lifestyle, on whole‐body health measures such as physical performance is not well known. This is an exploratory study to compare changes in physical performance among older adults initiating exercise late in life versus inactive older adults. Data from two observational cohorts were included in this analysis, representing two activity groups. The Active group cohort comprises older adults (n = 318; age 72.5 ± 7.2 years) enrolled in a supervised exercise program, “Gerofit.” The inactive group comprises older adults (n = 146; age 74.5 ± 5.5 years) from the Italian study “Act on Ageing” (AOA) who self‐reported being inactive. Participants in both groups completed physical performance battery at baseline and 1‐year including: 6‐min walk test, 30‐s chair stand, and timed up‐and‐go. Two‐sample t‐tests measured differences between Gerofit and AOA at baseline and 1‐year across all measures. Significant between‐group effects were seen for all performance measures (ps = 0.001). The AOA group declined across all measures from baseline to 1 year (range −18% to −24% change). The Gerofit group experienced significant gains in function for all measures (range +10% to +31% change). Older adults who initiated routine, sustained exercise were protected from age‐related declines in physical performance, while those who remained sedentary suffered cumulative deficits across strength, aerobic endurance, and mobility. Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity are both important to promote multi‐system, whole‐body health.
US tobacco companies selectively disseminated hyper‐palatable foods into the US food system: Empirical evidence and current implications
Authors: Fazzino Tera L. , Jun Daiil , Chollet‐Hinton Lynn , Bjorlie Kayla
Published: September 2023

Background and aims

US tobacco companies owned leading US food companies from 1980 to 2001. We measured whether hyper‐palatable foods (HPF) were disproportionately developed in tobacco‐owned food companies, resulting in substantial tobacco‐related influence on the US food system.

Design

The study involved a review of primary industry documents to identify food brands that were tobacco company‐owned. Data sets from the US Department of Agriculture were integrated to facilitate longitudinal analyses estimating the degree to which foods were formulated to be hyper‐palatable, based on tobacco ownership.

Setting and cases

United States Department of Agriculture data sets were used to identify HPF foods that were (n = 105) and were not (n = 587) owned by US tobacco companies from 1988 to 2001.

Measurements

A standardized definition from Fazzino et al. (2019) was used to identify HPF. HPF items were identified overall and by HPF group: fat and sodium HPF, fat and sugar HPF and carbohydrates and sodium HPF.

Findings

Tobacco‐owned foods were 29% more likely to be classified as fat and sodium HPF and 80% more likely to be classified as carbohydrate and sodium HPF than foods that were not tobacco‐owned between 1988 and 2001 (P‐values = 0.005–0.009). The availability of fat and sodium HPF (> 57%) and carbohydrate and sodium HPF (> 17%) was high in 2018 regardless of prior tobacco‐ownership status, suggesting widespread saturation into the food system.

Conclusions

Tobacco companies appear to have selectively disseminated hyper‐palatable foods into the US food system between 1988 and 2001.
Simulation of artificial anal sphincter motion and interaction with intestinal environment using SOFA
Authors: Liu Changjing , Wang Zhiwu , Yan Guozheng , Jiang Pingping , Wang Lichao , Chen Yelin
Published: September 2023

Background

Artificial anal sphincter is an implantable medical device for treating fecal incontinence. Reasonable simulation facilitates the advancement of research and reduces experiments on biological tissue. However, the device's clamping motion and sensor interaction with the intestine in the simulation still require further exploration. This article presents a simulation of the artificial anal sphincter's clamping and sensing and its interaction with the intestinal environment using the Simulation Open Framework Architecture (SOFA).

Methods

Firstly, the proposed simulation algorithm and its principles in SOFA are analyzed. Secondly, the clamping motion and sensor system of the artificial anal sphincter are simulated. Thirdly, a finite element model of intestine is established based on the properties of intestinal soft tissue. Finally, the in vitro experiments are performed.

Results

The simulation results indicate that the sensor system of the artificial anal sphincter has good sensing performance during the clamping motion and fecal accumulation process. Experiments have shown that optimal sensory capabilities can be achieved as the posture of the artificial anal sphincter with a roll angle between 20° and 40°. The comparison demonstrates a mean absolute error of 10%–20% between simulation and in vitro experimental results for sensor forces, which verifies the effectiveness of the simulation.

Conclusion

The proposed novel simulation achieves a more comprehensive interaction between the artificial anal sphincter motion and intestinal environment. This study may provide more effective simulation data for guidance in improving the performance of sensor perception of artificial anal sphincter for further research.
Ethics of mortgage advisers in the Netherlands: Professional attitudes and moral dilemmas
Authors: van Baardewijk Jelle
Published: September 2023

Since 2013, mortgage advisory has become an independent profession in the Netherlands. Initially working for mortgage providers, the newly nonpartisan advisers now work for standard advisory fees, thereby reducing conflicts of interest. In this article, I provide an ethical analysis of the different types of ethos of mortgage advisers, that is, the ways they see and talk about, and relate to their work in a certain way. The central research question is: What different kinds of ethos do mortgage advisers have, and which moral dilemmas do they experience in their advisory work? The existence of moral dilemmas is controversial in ethics but nonetheless experienced in real‐world business practice. An “ethological” understanding of morality is developed in this paper to understand how these dilemmas are experienced. Twenty‐nine mortgage advisers have participated in Q methodological research, a mixed qualitative–quantitative small‐sample method. Three different types of ethos were found: Principled Advisers, Moral Advisers, and Minimal Morality Advisers. In considering these three types, I argue that many mortgage advisers should professionalize their ethical stance and learn to address situations in which moral values are neglected. Business ethicists, in turn, need to acknowledge that something may be considered morally inappropriate but is still defensible in some other sense. In this paper, I develop a “layered” conception of business ethics that broadens the perspective from universal notions, such as “rights” and “duties,” toward a concrete ethos that people have in a certain professional practice.
Natural products targeting tumour angiogenesis
Authors: Lu Xiaohua , Friedrich Lara Johanna , Efferth Thomas
Published: September 2023

Tumour angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels to support the growth of a tumour. This process is critical for tumour progression and metastasis, making it an attractive approach to cancer therapy. Natural products derived from plants, animals or microorganisms exert anti‐angiogenic properties and can be used to inhibit tumour growth and progression. In this review, we comprehensively report on the current status of natural products against tumour angiogenesis from four perspectives until March 2023: (1) the role of pro‐angiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors in tumour angiogenesis; (2) the development of anti‐tumour angiogenesis therapy (monoclonal antibodies, VEGFR‐targeted small molecules and fusion proteins); (3) the summary of anti‐angiogenic natural agents, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and their mechanisms of action, and (4) the future perspectives of anti‐angiogenic natural products (bioavailability improvement, testing of dosage and side effects, combination use and discovery of unique natural‐based compounds). Our review aims to better understand the potential of natural products for drug development in inhibiting tumour angiogenesis and further aid the effective transition of these outcomes into clinical trials.
Ethiopian girls narratives of risk and governance of circular migration to the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Mengiste Tekalign Ayalew , Abebe Tatek
Published: September 2023

This article explores Ethiopian girls' narratives of risks and vulnerability during their migratory journeys to, in and from Saudi Arabia. It discusses how risks of deprivation and abuse that drive girls to leave their homes are sustained during the migration process. The research primarily draws on interviews with 35 deported girls from Saudi Arabia to analyse intersecting structural, sociocultural, gendered and personal factors that force them to take these risks. It argues that although Ethiopian girls migrate to escape childhood poverty and vulnerability, these conditions are not averted but reproduced during migration. By foregrounding the experiences of deported girls, the article further discusses how the desire to support familial livelihoods engenders their circular migration and how multiple actors of migration take advantage of their labour and bodies against the backdrop of limited institutional support systems.
Effect of topographic comparison of electroencephalographic microstates on the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness
Authors: Ling Yi , Wen Xinrui , Tang Jianghui , Tao Zhengde , Sun Liping , Xin Hailiang , Luo Benyan
Published: September 2023

Aims

The electroencephalography (EEG) microstates are indicative of fundamental information processing mechanisms, which are severely damaged in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC). We aimed to improve the topographic analysis of EEG microstates and explore indicators available for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of patients with pDoC, which were still lacking.

Methods

We conducted EEG recordings on 59 patients with pDoC and 32 healthy controls. We refined the microstate method to accurately estimate topographical differences, and then classify and forecast the prognosis of patients with pDoC. An independent dataset was used to validate the conclusion.

Results

Through optimized topographic analysis, the global explained variance (GEV) of microstate E increased significantly in groups with reduced levels of consciousness. However, its ability to classify the VS/UWS group was poor. In addition, the optimized GEV of microstate E exhibited a statistically significant decrease in the good prognosis group as opposed to the group with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the optimized GEV of microstate E strongly predicted a patient's prognosis.

Conclusion

This technique harmonizes with the existing microstate analysis and exhibits precise and comprehensive differences in microstate topography between groups. Furthermore, this method has significant potential for evaluating the clinical prognosis of pDoC patients.
Mycobacterium haemophilum infection with cutaneous involvement: two case reports and an updated literature review
Authors: Yasen Dilidaer , Liu Chaocheng , Mei Xingxing , Zhou Hui , Tang Xuhua , Chen Xiaohong
Published: September 2023

Mycobacterium haemophilum (MH) is a slow‐growing, non‐tuberculous Mycobacterium that most commonly causes infections in immunocompromised patients. The skin is the most prevalent site of infection and can be an isolated presentation or part of a disseminated disease. Herein, we reported a case of isolated MH infection of the hand and a case of disseminated MH infection with multiple skin lesions. In addition, other MH cases with cutaneous involvement over the last 10 years, from 2011–2022, were reviewed and analyzed. Among the 79 included cases, the common skin findings in MH infections included nodules, ulcers, abscesses, swelling, and pustules. Middle‐aged patients with iatrogenic immunosuppression from glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide are the most susceptible to MH infection, with a higher risk of dissemination to internal organs. Disseminated MH infections commonly present as tenosynovitis, arthritis/arthralgia, or osteomyelitis. There is a lack of strong evidence for treatment; however, triple therapy of quinolone, macrolides, and rifampicin is most often used in clinical practice. The overall prognosis is good. The presence of iatrogenic immunocompromised diseases, lesions involving the proximal limbs, and dissemination of MH infections are associated with worse clinical outcomes.
Outcomes measured in studies assessing health systems interventions for type 1 diabetes management: A scoping review
Authors: Zafra‐Tanaka Jessica Hanae , del Valle Adela , Bernabé‐Ortiz Antonio , Miranda J. Jaime , Beran David
Published: September 2023

Aims

Describe the outcomes reported in research on health systems interventions for type 1 diabetes management in comparison to the outcomes proposed by a core outcome set (COS) for this condition, an essential list of outcomes that studies should measure.

Methods

Systematic search of studies published between 2010 and 2021 reporting health systems interventions directed to improve the management of type 1 diabetes using PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL. Information on the outcomes was extracted and classified according to a COS: self‐management, level of clinical engagement, perceived control over diabetes, diabetes‐related quality of life, diabetes burden, diabetes ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycemia, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C).

Results

187 studies were included. Most of the studies included either children (n = 82/187) or adults (n = 82/187) living with type 1 diabetes. The most common outcome measured was HbA1C (n = 149/187), followed by self‐management (n = 105/187). While the least measured ones were diabetes ketoacidosis (n = 15/187), and clinical engagement (n = 0/187). None of the studies measured all the outcomes recommended in the COS. Additionally, different tools were found to be used in measuring the same outcome.

Conclusions

This study provides a description of what researchers are measuring when assessing health systems interventions to improve type 1 diabetes management. In contrast to a COS, it was found that there is a predominance of clinical‐based outcomes over patient‐reported outcome measures.
Clinical evaluation of a decision support system for glucose infusion in hypoglycaemic clamp experiments
Authors: Pavan Jacopo , Herzig David , Tripyla Afrodity , Dalla Man Chiara , Bally Lia , Del Favero Simone
Published: September 2023

Aim

To provide a preliminary evaluation of the accuracy and safety of Gluclas decision support system suggestions in a hypoglycaemic clamp study.

Methods

This analysis was performed using data from 32 participants (four groups with different glucose‐insulin regulation: post Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass with and without postprandial hypoglycaemia syndrome, postsleeve gastrectomy and non‐operated controls) undergoing Gluclas‐assisted hypoglycaemic clamps (target: 2.5 mmol/L for 20 minutes at 150 minutes after oral glucose ingestion). Gluclas provided glucose infusion rate suggestions upon manual entry of blood glucose values (every 5 minutes), which were either followed or overruled by investigators after critical review. Accuracy and safety were evaluated by mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), average glucose level, coefficient of variation (CV) and minimal glucose level during the 20‐minute hypoglycaemic period.

Results

Investigators accepted 84% of suggestions, with a mean deviation of 30.33 mg/min. During the hypoglycaemic period, the MAE was 0.16 (0.12‐0.24) (median [interquartile range]) mmol/L and the MAPE was 6.12% (4.80%‐9.29%). CV was 4.90% (3.58%‐7.27%), with 5% considered the threshold for sufficient quality. The minimal glucose level was 2.40 (2.30‐2.50) mmol/L.

Conclusions

Gluclas achieved sufficiently high accuracy with minimal safety risks in a population with differences in glucose‐insulin dynamics, underscoring its applicability to various patient groups.
Domestication in dry‐cured meat Penicillium fungi: Convergent specific phenotypes and horizontal gene transfers without strong genetic subdivision
Authors: Lo Ying‐Chu , Bruxaux Jade , Rodríguez de la Vega Ricardo C. , O'Donnell Samuel , Snirc Alodie , Coton Monika , Le Piver Mélanie , Le Prieur Stéphanie , Roueyre Daniel , Dupont Joëlle , Houbraken Jos , Debuchy Robert , Ropars Jeanne , Giraud Tatiana , Branca Antoine
Published: September 2023

Some fungi have been domesticated for food production, with genetic differentiation between populations from food and wild environments, and food populations often acquiring beneficial traits through horizontal gene transfers (HGTs). Studying their adaptation to human‐made substrates is of fundamental and applied importance for understanding adaptation processes and for further strain improvement. We studied here the population structures and phenotypes of two distantly related Penicillium species used for dry‐cured meat production, P. nalgiovense, the most common species in the dry‐cured meat food industry, and P. salamii, used locally by farms. Both species displayed low genetic diversity, lacking differentiation between strains isolated from dry‐cured meat and those from other environments. Nevertheless, the strains collected from dry‐cured meat within each species displayed slower proteolysis and lipolysis than their wild conspecifics, and those of P. nalgiovense were whiter. Phenotypically, the non‐dry‐cured meat strains were more similar to their sister species than to their conspecific dry‐cured meat strains, indicating an evolution of specific phenotypes in dry‐cured meat strains. A comparison of available Penicillium genomes from various environments revealed HGTs, particularly between P. nalgiovense and P. salamii (representing almost 1.5 Mb of cumulative length). HGTs additionally involved P. biforme, also found in dry‐cured meat products. We further detected positive selection based on amino acid changes. Our findings suggest that selection by humans has shaped the P. salamii and P. nalgiovense populations used for dry‐cured meat production, which constitutes domestication. Several genetic and phenotypic changes were similar in P. salamii, P. nalgiovense and P. biforme, indicating convergent adaptation to the same human‐made environment. Our findings have implications for fundamental knowledge on adaptation and for the food industry: the discovery of different phenotypes and of two mating types paves the way for strain improvement by conventional breeding, to elucidate the genomic bases of beneficial phenotypes and to generate diversity.
TSC2 inactivation, low mutation burden and high macrophage infiltration characterise hepatic angiomyolipomas
Authors: Giannikou Krinio , Klonowska Katarzyna , Tsuji Junko , Wu Shulin , Zhu Zachary , Probst Clemens K , Kao Katrina Z , Wu Chin‐Lee , Rodig Scott , Marino‐Enriquez Adrian , Zen Yoh , Schaefer Inga‐Marie , Kwiatkowski David J
Published: September 2023

Aims

Although TSC1 or TSC2 inactivating mutations that lead to mTORC1 hyperactivation have been reported in hepatic angiomyolipomas (hAML), the role of other somatic genetic events that may contribute to hAML development is unknown. There are also limited data regarding the tumour microenvironment (TME) of hAML. The aim of the present study was to identify other somatic events in genomic level and changes in TME that contribute to tumorigenesis in hAML.

Methods and results

In this study, we performed exome sequencing in nine sporadic hAML tumours and deep‐coverage targeted sequencing for TSC2 in three additional hAML. Immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence were carried out for 15 proteins to characterise the tumour microenvironment and assess immune cell infiltration. Inactivating somatic variants in TSC2 were identified in 10 of 12 (83%) cases, with a median allele frequency of 13.6%. Five to 18 somatic variants (median number: nine, median allele frequency 21%) not in TSC1 or TSC2 were also identified, mostly of uncertain clinical significance. Copy number changes were rare, but detection was impaired by low tumour purity. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated numerous CD68+ macrophages of distinct appearance from Küpffer cells. Multiplex immunofluorescence revealed low numbers of exhausted PD‐1+/PD‐L1+, FOXP3+ and CD8+ T cells.

Conclusion

hAML tumours have consistent inactivating mutations in TSC2 and have a low somatic mutation rate, similar to other TSC‐associated tumours. Careful histological review, standard IHC and multiplex immunofluorescence demonstrated marked infiltration by non‐neoplastic inflammatory cells, mostly macrophages.
ABCC2 brush‐border expression predicts outcome in papillary renal cell carcinoma: a multi‐institutional study of 254 cases
Authors: Castillo Vincent Francis , Masoomian Mehdi , Trpkov Kiril , Downes Michelle , Brimo Fadi , van der Kwast Theodorus , Yousef George M , Zakhary Abraam , Rotondo Fabio , Saad Gina , Nguyen Vy‐nhan , Kidanewold Wondwossen , Streutker Catherine , Rowsell Corwyn , Hamdani Malek , Saleeb Rola M
Published: September 2023

Aims

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) histologic subtyping is no longer recommended in the 2022 WHO classification. Currently, WHO/ISUP nucleolar grade is the only accepted prognostic histologic parameter for PRCC. ABCC2, a renal drug transporter, has been shown to significantly predict outcomes in PRCC. In this study we evaluated the prognostic significance of ABCC2 IHC staining patterns in a large, multi‐institutional PRCC cohort and assessed the association of these patterns with ABCC2 mRNA expression.

Methods and results

We assessed 254 PRCCs for ABCC2 IHC reactivity patterns that were stratified into negative, cytoplasmic, brush‐border <50%, and brush‐border ≥50%. RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to determine the transcript level of each group. Survival analysis was performed with SPSS and GraphPad software. RNA‐ISH showed that the ABCC2 group with any brush‐border staining was associated with a significant increase in the transcript level, when compared to the negative/cytoplasmic group (P = 0.034). Both ABCC2 groups with brush‐border <50% (P = 0.024) and brush‐border ≥50% (P < 0.001) were also associated with worse disease‐free survival (DFS) in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that only ABCC2 IHC brush‐border (<50% and ≥50%) reactivity groups (P = 0.037 and P = 0.003, respectively), and high‐stage disease (P < 0.001) had a DFS of prognostic significance. In addition, ABCC2 brush‐border showed significantly worse DFS in pT1a (P = 0.014), pT1 (P = 0.013), ≤4 cm tumour (P = 0.041) and high stage (P = 0.014) groups, while a similar analysis with high WHO/ISUP grade in these groups was not significant.

Conclusion

ABCC2 IHC brush‐border expression in PRCC correlates with significantly higher gene expression and also independently predicts survival outcomes.
A long‐term longitudinal study of gingival recession in dentists: A 15‐year follow‐up
Authors: Matas Francesc , Mendieta Carlos
Published: September 2023

Objectives

To assess the prevalence, distribution pattern, and development/progression of gingival recession in a population of dentists, followed up over an additional 15 years, after an initial and previously published follow‐up of 10 years.

Methods

This 25‐year longitudinal gingival recession investigation started in 1994 at the Dental School with 60 final‐year dental students; among them, 40 were re‐examined in 2004, and 27 of those 40 were further examined in 2019 by the same examiner. A questionnaire session provided information on toothbrushing habits at each appointment.

Results

In this study, 27 individuals aged 31–44 years (724 teeth) were followed up. The prevalence of gingival recession was 100% after 15 years. A total of 204 and 317 recessions found in 2004 and 2019, respectively, were valid for the longitudinal evaluation. The highest recession incidence was observed in the molars during both examinations (p < 0.0001). The mean recession heights were 1.66 ± 0.87 mm and 1.85 ± 1.08 mm, respectively (p = 0.024). The difference between the means was 0.19 mm after 15 years. The mean probing depth and bleeding on probing at the point of the maximum recession decreased (p < 0.0001). A multiple regression analysis on the tooth level was performed and indicated that the keratinized gingival width was negatively associated with the severity of the buccal recession height.

Conclusions

Fifteen years after the initial follow‐up, the mean number of gingival recessions per dentist and the mean recession height increased, while toothbrushing habits remained nearly unchanged.
Content marketing research: A review and research agenda
Authors: Bubphapant Jitpisut , Brandão Amélia
Published: September 2023

Given the importance of content that integrates into consumers' daily lives, marketing academics are becoming more interested in content marketing. Although academics have studied digital marketing research for decades, their understanding of content marketing remains limited. The purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive review of the existing literature on content marketing and an equally comprehensive research analysis in the field. Accordingly, the study synthesizes 112 items of content marketing literature, using bibliometric analysis and the TCCM framework, to examine the evolution of content marketing research over the last 7 years (2015–2021). Furthermore, the study also develops an integrated conceptual framework, showing antecedents, mediators, moderators, and consequences of content marketing. This systematic review demonstrates that content marketing research continues to develop because of emerging technologies and online platforms, which provide opportunities for enhancing content strategies and practices. Finally, the paper suggests certain areas that have been neglected but which would lead to further investigations that advance this area of study. This comprehensive literature study adds to the body of knowledge on content marketing.
Association between statins exposure and risk of skin cancer: an updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Dongying , Dai Senjie , Lou Dandi , Wang Tianyue , Wang Shihui , Zheng Zhen
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between statin (lipophilic statin and hydrophilic statin) exposure and the risk of skin cancer. The incidence of skin cancer under statin exposure was used as the primary outcome, and the relevant studies were screened from Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO electronic database until September 2022. Ten observational studies and two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The statistical results indicated that in lipophilic statins, the exposed group had a higher risk of skin cancer than the non‐exposed group (OR: 1.09, P = 0.003). However, compared with the non‐exposed group, there was no significant difference between hydrophilic statins exposure and the incidence of skin cancer (OR: 1.02, P = 0.341). Further subgroup analysis of the subtypes of statins revealed that compared with the non‐exposed group, exposure to lovastatin (OR: 1.18, P = 0.048) or simvastatin (OR: 1.11, P < 0.001) was a risk factor for skin cancer. Besides, subgroup analysis based on the subtypes of skin cancer demonstrated that the risks of melanoma (OR: 1.13, P = 0.009), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (OR: 1.05, P = 0.036), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (OR: 1.13, P = 0.026) under lipophilic statin exposure were significantly higher than those in the non‐exposed group. On the contrary, compared with the non‐exposed group, the risk of BCC was significantly reduced under the exposure of hydrophilic statins (OR: 0.93, P = 0.031). This study showed that the relationship between statin exposure and skin cancer risk was affected by the subtypes of statins and skin cancer subtypes.
Importance of rheological properties in enrobing efficiency of dark chocolate: application in wafer products
Authors: Ertural Gökşen Işık , Gunes Recep , Toker Omer Said , Palabiyik Ibrahim , Konar Nevzat , Sagdic Osman
Published: September 2023

In this study, the rheological properties of dark chocolate used for enrobing in wafer production were modified with the use of lecithin and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), and its effects on the final product were investigated. Lecithin was added to the dark chocolate from 0.1 to 0.8 g per 100 g in increments of 0.1 g, then, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 g per 100 g PGPR were combined separately with 0.40 g per 100 g lecithin containing sample. There were significant differences in the enrobing ratios, colour, texture, and sensory parameters of the wafer samples (P < 0.05) enrobed with dark chocolate, in which lecithin and PGPR were used together, due to the changes in the flow behaviour of the chocolate. The wafers enrobed with emulsifier‐free dark chocolate had the highest enrobing ratio (72.3%), while it was 45% in the sample enrobed with dark chocolate containing 0.40 g per 100 g lecithin + 0.20 g per 100 g PGPR. In parallel with the decrease in the enrobing ratio, changes occurred in the textural hardness and fracturability values of the samples. On the other hand, as the enrobing ratio decreased, the structure of the wafer sheets became more prominent during consumption, resulting in an increase in the sensory evaluation scores.
Tef and fonio‐morphology, determination of amino acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of two gluten‐free grains
Authors: Ananth Devanesan Arul , Mahalakshmi Vijayarahavan , Yermiyahu Uri , Van Oss Pinhasi Ruth , Klipcan Liron , Tietel Zipora
Published: September 2023

Global demand for gluten‐free products is rising, however, currently most lack protein and are nutritionally insufficient. Tef and fonio, two nutritious gluten‐free cereals might provide a good alternative. To evaluate their composition, a detailed profiling of their free amino acid (AA) and phenolic composition was performed, using UPLC‐QqQ‐MS/MS, in addition to TPC and antioxidant activity. Grain morphology was also investigated. Our results reveal the presence of 18 AAs, including all essential, in both tef and fonio. l‐asparagine and l‐tryptophan were the most abundant, whereas cysteine and glutamine were absent. Levels of lysine were sufficient (4.39 and 6.72 mg g−1 DW for tef and fonio, respectively), but levels of methionine in fonio were low (0.45 mg g−1 DW). TPC was 0.87 and 0.38 mg GAE g−1 DW in tef and fonio, respectively. Eleven phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in both cereals, ranging from 2246 μg g−1 DW to trace levels, with higher levels observed in tef. ABTS Antioxidant activity was 0.25 and 0.15 mg TE g−1 DW for tef and fonio, respectively, typical for cereals and millets. Overall, our work implies that tef and fonio can make a healthful contribution to human nutrition, and specifically be incorporated into gluten‐free diet to increase protein and polyphenol consumption.
The resting process: a comprehensive review of the effects on dough properties and resulting noodles quality, including improvement strategies
Authors: Obadi Mohammed , Li Yuntong , Qi Yajing , Xu Bin
Published: September 2023

The production processes of different types of noodles are slightly different, but the main production process includes kneading, resting, rolling, sheeting and cutting. Among them, resting is an important step in noodle‐making that has a major impact on the final quality of the noodles. After the kneading is over, the dough needs to rest for a period of time before it can be pressed into sheets. The effectiveness of the dough resting process led to a more uniform and compact gluten network distribution and improved the texture and cooking properties of the noodles compared to those without resting. From the literature reviewed, reasonable dough resting times, temperatures and humidity can improve the quality of the finished product. This review aims to summarise the concept of the dough resting process and factors affecting dough resting, discuss the effect of the resting process on dough properties and noodle quality, and suggest specific improvement strategies.
Enrichment of antioxidant activity of ice cream samples with addition of rowanberry (Sorbus aucuparia L.) pulp and production of functional probiotic ice cream with using L. rhamnosus
Authors: Goktas Hamza
Published: September 2023

Rowanberry fruit is rich in functional compounds, therefore, this work goaled to produce functional probiotic ice cream with addition of rowanberry pulp (2.5%, 5%, 10% and 20%) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus. Using rowanberry pulp and probiotic decreased pH and brightness values of the ice creams and changed between 6.65–5.37 and 96.19–73.46, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Consistency values (49.54–13.94 (Pa.s)) of the ice creams decreased with addition of rowanberry pulp and probiotic while hardness values (236.80–494.50 (g)) increased. Antioxidant capacity of ice creams increased with addition of rowanberry pulp (P ≤ 0.05) and the highest value were determined for D10 sample as 53.08 (%). After 120 days of storage, probiotic viability was higher than 8.24 log CFU g−1 and survival rate of L. rhamnosus was preserved under in vitro digestion with addition of rowanberry pulp. Finally, sensorial scores showed that 5% rowanberry pulp can be used in the manufacturing of functional probiotic ice cream.
Review in edible materials for sustainable cultured meat: scaffolds and microcarriers production
Authors: Moslemy Nima , Sharifi Emad , Asadi‐Eydivand Mitra , Abolfathi Nabiollah
Published: September 2023

Cultured meat, also known as laboratory‐grown or cell‐based meat, is a promising concept in the food industry that involves culturing animal cells in vitro to produce meat products, bypassing the need for traditional animal rearing and slaughter. This technology offers solutions to key challenges associated with conventional meat production, including environmental sustainability, animal welfare and food security. However, the cultured meat industry must overcome significant hurdles to achieve commercial viability. Scaling up production to meet the increasing demand for meat is a considerable challenge, requiring a scalable edible scaffold, eliminating the need for separate scaffold removal, and ensuring product safety. Various edible materials, including polysaccharides and proteins, along with fabrication techniques like electrospinning and 3D printing, are explored in this review article.
Impact of delirium intervention on cognitive load among nurses in the intensive care unit: A multi‐centre cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Shan , Ji Meihua , Cui Wei , Wei Jun , Ding Shu , Wu Ying
Published: September 2023

Background

High cognitive load in nurses is a common problem in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, it remains unclear what different types of cognitive load the ICU nurses have experienced during the implementation of delirium interventions.

Aim

To describe the characteristics and explore the effect of implementing a delirium intervention on the cognitive load of nurses working in the ICU.

Methods

A cluster‐randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Six ICUs were randomized in a 1:1 ratio, and eligible nurses from these units provided either a delirium bundle intervention in addition to usual care (27 nurses) or usual care alone. An instrument was used to measure different types of cognitive load (MDT‐CL), assessing intrinsic, extraneous and germane cognitive load. The repeated measures analysis of variance was used to detect between‐group differences.

Results

Among these nurses, significant between‐group differences were identified in terms of their overall (P < 0.001), intrinsic (P < 0.001) and extraneous (P < 0.001) cognitive load. There was no significant change observed in the germane cognitive load (P = 0.489) in the delirium intervention group.

Conclusion

It is important to understand how the implementation of a delirium intervention affects different types of cognitive load in nurses, in order that tailored strategies can be applied to reduce cognitive load in ICU nurses.
The association of food insecurity on body mass index change in a pediatric weight management intervention
Authors: Persaud Alicia , Evans E. Whitney , Perkins Meghan , Simione Meg , Cheng Erika R. , Luo Mandy , Burgun Rachel , Taveras Elsie M. , Fiechtner Lauren
Published: September 2023

Background

Childhood obesity is a critical public health concern. One potential determinant to obesity that is less understood is food insecurity.

Objective

To examine the association of food security status on body mass index (BMI) change in a Pediatric Weight Management Intervention (PWMI) consistent with national treatment recommendations.

Methods

This analysis included 201 participants from the Healthy Weight Clinic (HWC). Using linear mixed models, we compared BMI and %BMIp95 change per year between the food insecure group and food secure group, adjusting for baseline BMI, age and sex, and SNAP enrolment.

Results

In fully adjusted models, children in households with food insecurity had a 0.50 (0.26–0.74) kg/m2 BMI increase per year and a 2.10 (1.02–3.19) %BMIp95 increase per year compared to households that were food secure.

Conclusions

When comparing the BMI effect of the HWC between the food insecure group and food secure group, those experiencing food insecurity in the HWC had an increase in BMI compared to those with food security. These findings suggest that food insecurity may reduce the effectiveness of PWMIs consistent with national recommendations; however, more studies should be conducted to better understand this relationship.
Molecular determinants of immunogenic cell death elicited by radiation therapy
Authors: Galassi Claudia , Klapp Vanessa , Yamazaki Takahiro , Galluzzi Lorenzo
Published: September 2023

Cancer cells undergoing immunogenic cell death (ICD) can initiate adaptive immune responses against dead cell‐associated antigens, provided that (1) said antigens are not perfectly covered by central tolerance (antigenicity), (2) cell death occurs along with the emission of immunostimulatory cytokines and damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that actively engage immune effector mechanisms (adjuvanticity), and (3) the microenvironment of dying cells is permissive for the initiation of adaptive immunity. Finally, ICD‐driven immune responses can only operate and exert cytotoxic effector functions if the microenvironment of target cancer cells enables immune cell infiltration and activity. Multiple forms of radiation, including non‐ionizing (ultraviolet) and ionizing radiation, elicit bona fide ICD as they increase both the antigenicity and adjuvanticity of dying cancer cells. Here, we review the molecular determinants of ICD as elicited by radiation as we critically discuss strategies to reinforce the immunogenicity of cancer cells succumbing to clinically available radiation strategies.
Effect of suture closure and staple closure on postoperative wound complications in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Xiongfei , Shi Wenfeng , Qian Yuening , Ge Zhen
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to determine if the application of stitching in the closed area of the knee arthroplasty remains significantly superior to that of the staples. Data sources: EMBASE, Cochrane Libraryand, publications, and the Web of Science. Patients were treated with staples for closure of their wounds, or with conventional stitches for closure of wounds. The main findings were surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, and cutting time. The secondary results were the time to completion, the duration of the hospitalization, and the time to discharge. We incorporated the SIX trial into the meta‐analyses with Review Manager V.5.3. The hazard ratio was computed as a therapeutic outcome with respect to the heterogeneity. For more than 50% of heterogeneous samples, we employed a stochastic effect model. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the degree of infection, the degree of dehiscence, the length of the cut and the degree of satisfaction of the wound. But the time to close the wound and the time to operate were significantly different. The time needed to close the wound was shorter than that of the suture (OR, −227. 22; 95% CI, −238. 74, −215. 69 p < 0. 0001); The time taken to replace the knee was also significantly lower among those who had been stapled sutures (OR, −5.46; 95% CI, −10. 43, −0.49 p = 0. 03). Wound closing materials are an afterthought for many orthopaedic surgeons. Together, the findings from a number of comparative studies indicate that the selection of wound closure materials might affect the outcome of the surgery. The evidence, however, is weak because of the heterogeneous approach adopted in earlier research. This study program is intended to provide guidance on how to select the best wound closure material for the purpose of identifying if there is any difference in the incidence of injuries among traditional stitches and staples.
Adapting the Flipped Classroom Model to a Design Course in Online Learning Environments: A Case Study
Authors: Kocak Omer
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the views of students enrolled on a desktop publishing course of the flipped classroom model adapted to a design course conducted in an online learning environment. The model was implemented over one semester, and at the end, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 65 volunteer students. Content analysis was used to analyse the students' views. It was determined that delivering course content through instructor‐created videos had a positive effect on student views of the course. In addition, the students stated that doing assignments outside the classroom and evaluating them during the course contributed significantly to their learning design. Finally, student views on the feasibility of conducting the course through traditional design teaching methods in an online learning environment were examined. The students stated that delivering the course in live online classes may have both positive and negative aspects.