bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Siswa Dalam Membaca Melalui Penerapan Metode Drill di Kelas 2 SDN Pasirangsana 02 Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Ati Hesti Mustika , Sutisna Muhammad , Meliana Meliana , Indah Wirda
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan siswa dalam membaca melalui  penerapan metode drill di Kelas 2 SDN Pasirangsana 02. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini  adalah deskriptif analitik melalui Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan  analisis model alir (flow model). Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penggunaan metode drill dapat  meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik tentang Membaca di SDN Pasirangsana 02 pada peserta didik  Kelas 2 semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2021-2022. Hal ini diketahui bahwa nilai terendah pada pra siklus  adalah 60 dan pada siklus 1 dengan nilai terendah 60 kemudian pada siklus 2 nilai terendah 80.  Selanjutnya nilai tertinggi pada pra siklus adalah 80 kemudian meningkat menjadi 90 pada siklus 1 dan pada siklus 2 menjadi 100 dengan ketuntasan belajar pada pra siklus sebanyak 5 orang (20,83%), siklus 1 sebanyak 12 (50%) dan siklus 2 sebanyak 24 orang (100%) Hal ini menandakan bahwa metode drill cocok untuk diterapkan pada materi Membaca.
Mengatasi Kasus Perceraian di Kota Medan Perspektif Zainab Al-Ghazali dalam Tafsir Nazharât fȋ Kitâbillâh
Authors: Pasaribu Almunawarah , Muzakkir Muzakkir , Harahap Mardian Idris
Published: January 2025

Angka perceraian yang tinggi di kota Medan mencerminkan tantangan besar dalam mempertahankan hubungan pernikahan yang stabil. Masalah ini sering kali dipengaruhi oleh pemahaman yang keliru mengenai peran dan tanggung jawab dalam pernikahan, serta kurangnya komunikasi efektif antara pasangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi dalam mengurangi angka perceraian dengan mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis panduan yang terdapat dalam Al-Qur'an dan tafsir Tafsir Nazharât fȋ Kitâbillâh Zainab al-Ghazali, khususnya dalam Surah An-Nisa’/4:1, 4:34, dan 4:19. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan mengumpulkan data dari dua sumber utama: teks-teks suci dan tafsir, serta data praktis dari Pengadilan Agama Kota Medan. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan analisis mendalam terhadap ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an yang berkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban dalam pernikahan, dan diikuti oleh interpretasi tafsir Zainab al-Ghazali untuk memahami makna dan aplikasinya dalam konteks keluarga. Selanjutnya, data dari Pengadilan Agama digunakan untuk menggali faktor-faktor penyebab perceraian dan dinamika kasus yang ada. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman yang tepat mengenai qiwāmah, yang sering kali disalahartikan sebagai dominasi laki-laki, seharusnya diartikan sebagai tanggung jawab laki-laki untuk menjaga kesejahteraan dan keharmonisan keluarga. Komunikasi yang terbuka dan adil juga terbukti penting untuk menyelesaikan konflik dan memperkuat hubungan. Sehingga dapat menegaskan bahwa dengan mengedepankan tanggung jawab laki-laki dan komunikasi yang efektif, serta menerapkan prinsip-prinsip yang diperoleh dari tafsir, pasangan suami istri di Medan dapat menciptakan lingkungan pernikahan yang lebih harmonis dan mengurangi angka perceraian secara signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga untuk intervensi praktis dalam menangani isu perceraian dan memperkuat hubungan pernikahan.
Firenze e la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo nel settore agricolo e ambientale
Authors: Orioli Lorenzo
Published: January 2025

Riassunto
In questo articolo si ripercorre brevemente la storia dell’ex-Istituto Agronomico per l’Oltremare di Firenze (IAO) – soppresso a seguito della legge 125 del 2014 – soprattutto dal lato della sua attività formativa che, nei decenni, a partire dal 1913, ha consentito di istruire decine di quadri tecnici (periti e laureati) nel settore agricolo, forestale e ambientale, da destinare, prima del secondo conflitto mondiale, alle colonie italiane, e in seguito, alla cooperazione italiana allo sviluppo.
Abstract
This article briefly retraces the history of the former Agronomic Institute for Overseas of Florence (IAO), suppressed by the Law 125/2014. We focus on its training activity developed from 1913, which made it possible to train dozens of technical managers (experts and graduates) in the agricultural, forestry and environmental sectors. Before the Second World War, they operated for the Italian colonies, and subsequently, these technicians served for the Italian development cooperation.
Paolo Bonomi e la nascita della Coldiretti. Introduzione
Authors: de Filippis Fabrizio
Published: January 2025

Riassunto
Gli articoli che seguono parlano di Paolo Bonomi nel contesto degli anni ’50 e ’60. De Castro e Zaganelli descrivono i tratti salienti di quella stagione cruciale, ripercorrendo il piano Marshall, la riforma agraria, la creazione della Cassa per la piccola proprietà contadina, l’avvio della CEE. Conso documenta l’influenza della dottrina sociale della Chiesa sul pensiero e l’azione di Bonomi, mentre Ambrosio e Schiavone raccontano del Bonomi parlamentare. Bernardi, infine, ricostruisce con metodo la figura di Paolo Bonomi nel quadro della storia della Coldiretti. Avendo collaborato molti anni dopo con questa organizzazione, posso confermare che l’autonomia sindacale, il legame con il mondo cattolico, la capacità di visione e la cultura di governo, sono tracce evidenti della eredità di Bonomi ancora presenti nell’azione della Coldiretti.
Abstract
The following articles deal with the figure of Bonomi in the context of the fifties and sixties. De Castro and Zaganelli describe the key features of that crucial period, retracing the Marshall Plan, agrarian reform, the creation of the Fund for Small Landownership, and the launch of the EEC. Conso deals with the influence of the Church’s social doctrine on Bonomi’s thought, while Ambrosio and Schiavone focus on Bonomi’s action as a parliamentarian. Finally, Bernardi reconstructs the figure of Paolo Bonomi within the history of Coldiretti. Having collaborated with this organization many years later, I can confirm that autonomy, connection to the Catholic world, vision, and culture of governance are clear traces of Bonomi’s legacy that can still be found in the actions of Coldiretti today.
Laboratory biosafety and biosecurity system: harmonization of regulatory base with EU and OIE requirements
Authors: Stegniy B. T. , Gerilovуch A. P. , Gerilovych I. O. , Peshenko K. L.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the work was to analyze national and international regulations in the field of biosafety and biological protection to harmonize the regulations of the biosafety management system. The materials for the analysis were international and national regulations on biosafety and biological protection in the conditions of microbiological laboratories. An analysis of international and national legal documents on biosafety and biological protection in the conditions of microbiological laboratories and a scheme for creating a management system for biosafety in research and/or diagnostic laboratories, which provides for the introduction of risk-oriented approach, development and harmonization to the requirements of EU and OIE policies and regulations in order to ensure an appropriate level of biosafety during testing. Issues of biological safety and biological protection and harmonization of the regulatory framework for their regulation and control to EU requirements are very relevant today for Ukraine, which has become a candidate for accession to the European Union. At the same time, the risk-oriented approach to the system of biosafety and biological protection is new for Ukrainian laboratories, so it takes time both to harmonize the regulatory framework at the state level and to develop institutional documents and efforts to implement them in practice now
Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of praziquantel and garlic extract (Allium sativum) for carp Dactylohyrosis
Authors: Bogach M. V. , Panikar V. I.
Published: January 2025

The aim of the work was to find out the effectiveness of the antiparasitic drug praziquantel and praziquantel in combination with the plant product garlic (Allium sativum) for carp dactylohyrosis. In recent years, natural plant products have been considered as a means of controlling parasites in aquaculture and eliminating problems caused by the use of chemicals. The first control group of fish that did not undergo any treatment was formed. In the second experimental group, carp were treated with praziquantel at the rate of 20 mg/l of water (2 g/100 l of water). The base solution of praziquantel was prepared by adding the required concentration of praziquantel dissolved in ethanol (5 mg/ml). Ethanol was used as a solvent due to the low solubility of praziquantel in water. In the third experimental group, carp were treated with praziquantel at a dose of 20 mg/l of water (2 g/100 l of water) in combination with the plant product garlic at a dose of 5 g/100 l of water. The garlic was crushed in a kitchen blender, then the mixture was filtered using a strainer. To prepare the initial solution for the experiment, 10 g of ground garlic was weighed and added to 20 ml of cold water (0.5 g/ml). It was established that for spontaneous dactylohyrosis of carp, the effectiveness of the antiparasitic drug praziquantel was 85.7%, while when using praziquantel in combination with garlic extract, the effectiveness was 100%
Monitoring of bacterial diseases of poultry and wild birds in 2016–2020 in Ukraine, forecasting the epizootic situation
Authors: Maiboroda O. V. , Yechkenko R. V. , Rula O. M. , Stegniy B. T. , Muzyka D. V.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the generalized results of bacteriological research of biological material from poultry and wild birds, compound feeds and their components for poultry feeding. Epizootological monitoring of the circulation of pathogens of bacterial diseases of poultry and bacteriological studies have been conducted during 2016–2020. A wide range of pathogens of bacterial infections has been established in poultry. Opportunistic microorganisms from the family Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry were dominant, they were isolated in 73.4% of cases. Infection of birds with pathogens of the family Clostridiaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Bacillaceae and fungal flora was not significant (from 1.5 to 8.3%). The causative agents of salmonellosis in different years ranged from 0.5 to 3.7% of the total number of bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. Escherichia coli was isolated in 38.9% of cases, microorganisms of the genus Enterobacter spp. — 26.6%; Citrobacter spp. — 13.0%; Proteus spp. — 10.5%. In wild birds, as in previous years, pathogens from the family Enterobacteriaceae, which ranged from 62 to 100% of the total number of isolated bacterial pathogens, were the dominant. Microorganisms of the genus Escherichia spp. were isolated in 28.3% of cases, Salmonella spp. — 1.1%, Enterobacter spp. — 34.2%, Citrobacter spp. — 16.1%, Proteus spp. — 15.5%, Serratia spp. — 2.3%, Morganella spp. — 0.9%, Edwardsiella spp. — 0.6%. According to the results of bacteriological studies of compound feeds and their components, it has been found that 59% (110 samples) did not meet the criteria of quality and safety, which are given in the Order of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine No. 131 of 19.03.2012. Thus, compound feeds did not meet the standards by the presence of sulfite-reducing clostridia in 14.9% of cases, by total bacterial contamination — in 54.4% of cases and by exceeding the total number of enterobacteria — in 30.7% of cases. The main bacterial contaminants of compound feeds were opportunistic pathogens from the family Enterobacteriaceae (72.7%), Clostridiaceae (19.0%) and Bacillaceae (6.6%)
Screening of feed quality violations in Ukrainian livestock farms in 2021
Authors: Kovalenko L. V. , Boiko V. S. , Rudenko O. P. , Busol V. O. , Dragut S. S. , Doletskyi S. P.
Published: January 2025

This article highlights the results of research on feed quality violations in livestock farms in different regions of Ukraine. The degree of changes in the nutritional value and quality of feed was determined. The purpose of these studies was to screen for feed quality violations in livestock farms. The material for the research was samples of mixed fodder, concentrated and bulk feed from farms in different regions of Ukraine. The degree of feed quality violations was determined by the following indicators: crude protein, moisture, crude fat, crude fiber, macronutrient content, metabolic energy, and fat acidity. As a result of the feed quality studies, the following indicators were found to be non-compliant with the regulatory documents: (i) concentrated feed (10.0% of the samples tested): moisture content increased by an average of 1.8 times, crude protein content decreased by 21.3%, crude fat level increased by 10 times; (ii) mixed fodder (5.7% of the samples): moisture content increased by an average of 10.2%, crude protein content decreased by 21.2%, crude fiber level increased by 11.0%, the concentration of macronutrients (calcium and phosphorus) decreased by 8.0% and 8.8%, fat acidity increased by 4.3%; (iii) bulk feed (8.6% of the tested feed): moisture content increased by an average of 30.6%, crude protein content decreased by 6.8%, crude fiber level increased by 8.6%, metabolizable energy decreased by 4.7%
A STUDY ON CLINICO - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND MORTALITY RISK FACTORS AMONG ELECTRIC BURN PATIENTS
Authors: Verma Pankaj Kumar , Singh Paramjeet , Bisht Nishant , Kumar Ravi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Electrical burns are devastating injuries with signicant morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
These injuries result from unsafe occupational practices and inadequate safety measures. High-voltage burns (>1000 volts) often lead to extensive
tissue damage and systemic complications, while low-voltage burns (<1000 volts) primarily cause localized injuries. Both types pose unique
challenges, emphasizing the need for focused research. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical-epi Objectives: demiological prole of electric
burn patients and identify key mortality risk factors, including transport time, burn characteristics, ECG changes, and associated complications.
Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at the Government Medical College Haldwani and Dr. Susheela Tiwari
Hospital over 18 months. A total of 120 electric burn patients were included. Data were collected on demographics, burn characteristics, voltage
exposure, clinical management, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed to determine signicant associations with mortality. Results:
The majority of patients were male (81.7%), aged 31-45 years (52.5%), and from rural areas (83.3%). High-voltage burns constituted 65% of cases,
with deep burns and larger body surface area involvement signicantly associated with high voltage (p < 0.05). ECG changes such as
bradyarrhythmia were linked to higher mortality (57.2%). Elevated CK-MB and WBC levels, hypoalbuminemia, and prolonged transport times
(>2 days) signicantly inuenced outcomes (p < 0.05). Mortality was higher in high-voltage burns (72.7%) compared to low-voltage burns
(27.3%). High-voltage burns are associated with severe injuries, systemic complications, and increas Conclusion: ed mortality. Early intervention,
comprehensive monitoring, and public health strategies are critical to improving outcomes.
BREAKING THE RESISTANCE CYCLE: ICU ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP REIMAGINED
Authors: Zahoor Qazi Afaan , Rafiq Asra , Khan Sana
Published: January 2025

Antibiotic resistance poses a signicant threat to global health, with Intensive Care Units (ICUs) being a critical battleground. This chapter
examines the complexities of antibiotic stewardship in ICUs, including the challenges of diagnostic uncertainty, the role of rapid diagnostic
technologies, and the impact of antibiotic stewardship programs. By highlighting best practices and emerging strategies, the antibiotic stewardship
programe aims to support healthcare professionals in their efforts to combat antibiotic resistance and improve patient outcomes. The rise of
antibiotic resistance demands a paradigm shift in the way we approach antibiotic use in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Through our programme we
provide a comprehensive review of the current state of antibiotic stewardship in ICUs, including the challenges, opportunities, and strategies for
improvement. By exploring the intersection of antibiotic stewardship, rapid diagnostics, and multidisciplinary collaboration, this programme aims
to inform and inspire healthcare professionals to adopt evidence-based practices that prioritize patient safety and antimicrobial conservation.The
misuse and overuse of antibiotics in healthcare, particularly in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), are among the leading causes of antibiotic resistance
globally. ICUs represent a unique and high-risk environment due to the complexity of critically ill patients, high infection rates, and the frequent
use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. This paper reviews the current landscape of antibiotic stewardship in ICUs, the challenges of balancing timely
care with antimicrobial conservation, the impact of emerging diagnostic technologies, and the strategies employed to curb the rising trend of
multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Case studies from global institutions highlight the effectiveness of antibiotic stewardship programs
(ASPs), while future directions point toward technological advancements and policy reform.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PREMEDICATION WITH INTRAVENOUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE ON HAEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Shastri H Avinash , Rani M Vidya , S Praveen
Published: January 2025

Background: Hemodynamic changes during the laparoscopy procedure collectively leads to a raised arterial pressure due to increased systemic
vascular resistance and declined cardiac output. Several adjuvant drugs have been tried in this regard yet the mixed results have reported.
Objective: To analyse the efcacy and safety of Dexmedetomidine as a pre-anaesthetic medication, to analyse the effect of it on haemodynamic
parameters, postoperative analgesia and occurrence of adverse events. 60 patients in each group. Gr Materials and Methodology: oup I: patients
received dexmedetomidine by IV infusion at 0.2 µg/kg/hr intraoperatively after endotracheal intubation. This dose was prepared in a 50 ml syringe
by mixing Dexmedetomidine 200 µg (2 ml) in 0.9% saline (38 ml) to make a total capacity of 40 ml (nal concentration attained was 5 µg/ml).
While Group II patients received 0.9% saline at the same rate. The variation in blood pressure (BP) Results: , heart rate (HR) in Group II was
signicantly higher than Group I from 5th min till end of the procedure. 53.47±18.5 min (Group I) and 61.32±20.3 minutes (Group II) were the
average duration of surgery. Hoarseness of voice was the commonest side effect in both. While cough at emergence was signicantly higher in
group II. Dexmedetomidine, as an adjuvant anaesthetic, provided signicant intraoperative hemodyna Conclusion: mic control, signicantly
better post operative pain analysis with no signicant side effect. Also, the smooth recovery with lesser grade of cough on emergence during
extubation.
A CROSS SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO INVESTIGATE THE PATTERN AND GRADING OF FEMALE PATTERN HAIR LOSS IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME PATIENTS.
Authors: Misra Satyaprakash , Goyal Tarang , Gupta Swati , Sehgal Sumit , Arora Kapil
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by
hormonal imbalances and various reproductive manifestations. Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is increasingly recognized as a common
dermatological manifestation in PCOS patients, adding to the complexity of its clinical presentation. This study aimed to Aims And Objectives:
evaluate the pattern and grading of FPHL in patients diagnosed with PCOS using Rakowska's Dermoscopic criteria and Ludwigs Classification.
Additionally, demographic features and clinical manifestations associated with PCOS were assessed. A Methods: cross-sectional descriptive
study was conducted on 640 female patients diagnosed with PCOS according to modified Rotterdam criteria. Among them, 80 patients were
evaluated for FPHL using Rakowska's dermoscopic criteria. Demographic data, clinical features including hirsutism, polycystic ovarian
morphology (PCOM) on ultrasonography, irregular menstruation, acne, and serum testosterone levels were documented. FPHL was graded using
the Ludwigs Classification based on the extent of hair loss. Dermoscopic findings such as hair miniaturization, hair shaft diameter diversity, single
hair follicular units, peri-pilar sign, yellow dots and presence of vellus hair were recorded. The s Results: tudy found that FPHL was present in
12.5% of PCOS patients evaluated. The majority of these patients were between 20-30 years old (88.75%), highlighting a younger age distribution.
Clinical features commonly associated with PCOS included hirsutism (83.12%), PCOM (57.96%), irregular menstruation (65.31%), acne (50%),
and elevated serum total testosterone levels (>75 ng/dL in 25% of patients). In terms of FPHL grading, 62.5% of cases were classified as Ludwig
Grade II, indicating moderate hair loss. Dermoscopic analysis revealed hair miniaturization (97.5%), hair shaft diameter diversity (>20% in
100%), single hair follicular units (53.75%), and presence of vellus hair (67.5%) as predominant features. Yellow Dots at 22.5% and peri pilar sign
at 17.5% were some of the other dermoscopic findings. -This study highlights the significant associati Conclusion on between PCOS and FPHL,
particularly among younger women. The findings emphasize the importance of early detection and management of FPHL in PCOS patients,
utilizing dermoscopy for accurate diagnosis and monitoring.
EVALUATION OF TYPES OF URINARY STONE BY CONVENTIONAL RADIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL METHOD AND BIOCHEMICAL STONE ANALYSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Pandey Sanjay , Tomer Anurag , Gyanendra Gyanendra , Kaushik Shakul Prakash , Agrawal Sachin
Published: January 2025

Urolithiasis is a common disease, to which the general population is at risk. It causes a physical and financial stress on patients. It also causes
increased load on already burdened medical facilities especially in developing countries. Knowledge of chemical composition of stones before
surgical intervention can help in most efficient management of the disease and decreasing the burden on both patients and medical facilities.
Seventy five subjects diagnosed with urolithiasis were pre operatively assessed for NCCT KUB, IVP, and Urinalysis and compared with postextraction stone analysis. Majority of 89.33% subjects had Calcium Oxalate stones, 5.33% subjects had Uric Acid stones, and 5.33% subjects had
Struvite (MAP) stones. Uric Acid stones' size ranged from 5 mm to 36 mm, Struvite (MAP) stones from 3 mm to 26 mm and Calcium Oxalate
stones from 4.7 mm to 34 mm. 75% Uric Acid stones were irregular shaped stones and 25% were staghorn shaped. Among Struvite (MAP) stones,
50% were irregular shaped and 50% were staghorn shaped. No spherical or ovoid stone was seen among uric acid and struvite stones. 97.02% of
Calcium Oxalate stones were either spherical or ovoid shaped, and only 1.49% each were irregular and staghorn stones. Those 2.98% stones with
either irregular or staghorn shape were larger than 15mm. The Hounsfield Units of Uric Acid stones ranged from 480 to 600 HU, Struvite (MAP)
stones from 700 to 850 HU, and Calcium Oxalate stones from 800 to 1400 HU. It was also observed that 88.06% had HU >900, and only 11.94%
had HU ranging between 800-900. A small overlap in the range of Hounsfield Units i.e., 800-900 HU, was seen among Struvite (MAP) and Calcium
Oxalate stones. It was concluded that there exist a correlation of Hounsfield Unit, shape and size of stone with chemical composition of stone. We
have prepared a flow chart based on the results obtained which shows a possible way to predict the probable chemical composition of the stone. It
may help to bypass expensive chemical analysis, provide prophylaxis against recurrence in some stone types, and devise the most appropriate
surgical/non-surgical management.
ASSESSMENT OF MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS HAVING HISTORY OF STROKE
Authors: B. Sisara Piyush , M. Pandya Dipak , Chaudhary Ronak A. , S. Diwan Jasmin
Published: January 2025

According to Global Stroke Fact sheet 2022 of World Stroke Organization, there are 12.2 million new stroke cases every year. Word wide, out of
every four people, one over age of 25 years will have a stroke in their lifetime. About 16% of all stroke cases occur in people having age between 15-
49 years. More than 62% of all stroke cases occur in people under 70 years of age. According to previous studies, stroke is associated with many risk
factors. So it is necessary to identify the population which is at high-risk by proper assessment. The observational cross-sectional study was
performed over 30 people having history of stroke. They were inquired properly regarding their illness and history of modiable risk factors which
may have association with stroke namely Hypertension, Type-2 Diabetes mellitus, Cigarette smoking, Alcoholism and sedentary lifestyle. Out of
30 patients of Stroke, Hypertension were found in 12 persons(40%), Type-2 Diabetes mellitus in 9(30%), Addiction of Cigarette smoking in
12(40%), Addiction of Alcohol in 6(20%) and 16(53.33%) were having sedentary life style. So it was concluded that people having any of these risk
factors are at high risk of developing Stroke. So it is necessary to assess population at high risk and to spread awareness about risk factors and
complications associated with disease.
IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS TO SELF APPLIED PODOPHYLLIN SOLUTION ON ACROCHORDONS
Authors: C Kishor , Hegde Sourab S.
Published: January 2025

Skin tags are benign outgrowths of the skin, often treated with podophyllin, a cytotoxic agent used under physician supervision for genital warts. A
53-year-old male with diabetes and hypertension developed severe irritant contact dermatitis after self-applying podophyllin solution to skin tags.
He presented with painful, erythematous lesions, erosions, and crusting on his neck, axilla, groin, scrotum, and perianal region. This case highlights
the risks of unsupervised podophyllin use, leading to skin erosion, atrophy, and secondary infections. It emphasizes the need for regulation of
podophyllin availability and patient education on potential side-effects.
FROM CHROMOSOMES TO CLINICS: CYTOGENETIC INSIGHTS AND DRUG TREATMENTS IN DOWN SYNDROME.
Authors: Upadhyay Shilpee , Fatima Nigar , Baishnab Suman , Upadhyay Kirti , Nigam Nitu
Published: January 2025

Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21, stands as the most prevalent chromosomal disorder, affecting approximately 1 in 1,000 live births and
increasing in incidence with maternal age. Characterized by a spectrum of physical and intellectual impairments, DS arises from the whole or
partial duplication of chromosome 21, with variations including trisomy 21, mosaicism, and translocation forms. Since its initial description by
John Langdon Down in 1866 and the genetic elucidation by Dr. Jerome Lejeune in the 1950s, advancements in cytogenetic techniques have
signicantly deepened our understanding of the intricate genetic mechanisms and their clinical manifestations. This review synthesizes current
cytogenetic insights, highlighting how the triplicated genes on chromosome 21 interact to produce diverse phenotypic outcomes. Furthermore, it
explores emerging drug therapies aimed at ameliorating cognitive and physical challenges associated with DS. Promising treatments such as
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) therapy, ELND005, and uoxetine target various pathways to enhance neurogenesis and cognitive
function, while antioxidants and neurotransmitter-based therapies offer additional strategies to combat neurodegeneration. Despite their potential,
these therapies face challenges including ethical concerns, mixed clinical trial results, and safety issues, underscoring the necessity for continued
research. By bridging genetic research with clinical practice, this review emphasizes the potential for developing personalized and effective
therapeutic strategies, ultimately aiming to improve the quality of life for individuals with Down syndrome. The integration of cytogenetic
advancements with innovative treatments paves the way for more targeted and effective management of this complex disorder, offering hope for
enhanced outcomes and greater societal inclusion.
CHILAIDITI SYNDROME : CASE REPORT WITH REVIEW REFERENCE
Authors: Sharma Paresh , Singhal Shlok , Sharma Vishvesh , Singhal Sanjay
Published: January 2025

Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare clinical condition characterised by the interposition of the colon between the diaphragm and liver, which is
radiographically referred to as Chilaiditi's sign. Although this sign is often asymptomatic, it can manifest as Chilaiditi syndrome when patients
present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, constipation, or, in rare cases, respiratory distress. Misdiagnosis is
common due to its similarity to other conditions like pneumoperitoneum or diaphragmatic hernia. We report the case of a 58-year-old female
presenting with shortness of breath while lying down, relieved in an upright position. She had a history of similar episodes over the past two years,
with prior imaging revealing bowel loops above the liver, leading to an initial diagnosis of a right diaphragmatic hernia. On this admission, chest Xray and HRCT confirmed the presence of bowel loops between the right diaphragm and liver, consistent with Chilaiditi syndrome. The patient, a
known case of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, was managed conservatively with bowel rest, intravenous fluids, and symptom relief measures.
She experienced significant improvement within one day and was discharged. Conservative management remains the cornerstone of treatment in
most cases, involving nasogastric decompression, bowel rest, hydration, and stool softeners. However, surgical intervention is warranted in cases
of bowel obstruction, ischemia, volvulus, or perforation. Advances in surgical techniques, such as laparoscopic colopexy and hepatopexy, offer
effective solutions for persistent or severe cases. Early recognition and appropriate management are essential to prevent unnecessary invasive
procedures and complications. This case highlights the importance of considering Chilaiditi syndrome in patients with atypical respiratory
symptoms and supports the role of imaging in its diagnosis. A tailored approach, balancing conservative management and surgical intervention
based on symptom severity a
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PRE AND POST OPERATIVE LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENT UNDERGOING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Sagar Chitresh , Agarwal Kalpana , Sagar Poornina , Meena Ramgopal
Published: January 2025

Introduction : Gall Stone disease is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disease world wide. Its evidence that gall stones are associated with
lipid disorder. Choleystectomy increases the frequency of entrohepatic circulation and lose of bile acid pool in it which decreases serum
cholesterol, Tryglycerie level and increase in HDL level. Aims & Objective : Evaluate and Analysis of lipid profile of patient with gall stone and
establish the effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy pre and post operative 7th and 30th day. Material and Methods : Aprospective observation
study included 100 patient of Gall Stone diseases admitted in JLN Hospital, Ajmer. Who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Their lipid
profile was evaluated pre and 7th & 30th post operative day. Result: Serum cholesterol level was decreased 7th & 30th post operative day
significantly from 162.98±32.92 to 123.64±35.33 mg/dl. There was a significant decrease in tryglyceride level on 7th and 30th post operative day
from 196.67±92.83 to 179.73±52.28 mg/dl. Serum HDL increased non significantly on 7th post operative day but increased significantly on 30th
post operative day from 42.28±8.86 to 48.25±44.96. Serum LDLdecreased from pre operative level of 107.94±20.44 mg/dl to 102.33±8.89 mg/dl
7th day and further 105.72±33.34 mg/dl on 30th post operative day but the change was not significant. Serum VLDLdoes not show any significant
change post cholecystectomy. Conclusion: Serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride decreased and serum HDL level increase significantly while
serum LDL& VLDLdose not show any significant change Post cholecystectomy.
WHEN CHRONIC HEADACHES POINT TO MOYAMOYA DISEASE: A RARE CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW.
Authors: Barge Vijay , Bramhanalkar Vaishali , Singh Shubhashish , Kalwaghe Aditya
Published: January 2025

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid arteries
and its branches. MMD is also associated with the formation of collateral blood vessels, creating distinctive network like “puff of smoke”, meaning
moyamoya in Japanese. The symptoms of MMD arise from reduced blood ow due to carotid arteries narrowing leading to brain ischemia causing
stroke, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), and seizures, and compensatory mechanisms leading to hemorrhage due to weak collateral blood vessels.
Headaches are caused by the dilatation of meningeal and leptomeningeal collateral vessels, which activate dural pain receptors. Case: A 27-yearold women presented with a chief complaint of headache, which was intermittent, occurring and resolving over a duration of 2 months, and with
increasing frequency. On physical examination, there was slurring of speech. All laboratory tests and special investigations results were normal and
unremarkable. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain with intravenous contrast showed hyperintensity in cortex of right frontal lobe
suggestive of subacute infarct. Subsequently, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of brain revealed narrowing of numerous intracerebral
arteries, and presence of prominent collateral vessels creating a “puff of smoke” appearance, which is consistent with MMD. Conclusion: This
report underscores the importance of considering Moyamoya disease as a potential diagnosis in patients with persistent, unexplained headaches,
even in the absence of classic ischemic or hemorrhagic symptoms. Advanced imaging modalities, particularly MRI and MRA, are invaluable in
establishing the diagnosis. Hence increased clinical awareness, early recognition and timely intervention are essential to reduce morbidity and
mortality associated with this rare but signicant cerebrovascular disease and preventing severe outcomes such as permanent neurological decits
or life-threating complications.
EXPLORING THE ANTIBACTERIAL IMPACTS OF DATURA METELAND SWERTIA CHIRAYITA FOR ECZEMA TREATMENT
Authors: Kumari Shatakshi , Goswami Anjali , Pratap Singh Vivek
Published: January 2025

Background: Eczema, immunological dysfunction and hereditary factors are involved in this chronic inammatory skin disease, and
environmental triggers like irritants, allergens, and stress. It causes itchy, dry, and inamed skin, affecting all ages. Objective: The purpose of this
study is to investigate the long-term effectiveness of Datura metal and Swertia chirayita in managing eczema symptoms and preventing are-ups in
chronic eczema patients. Materials & Methods: Phytochemical analysis was conducted on crude extracts of Datura leaf and Chirayita root, testing
for avonoids, alkaloids, and phenols. Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans was
evaluated. Result: The antimicrobial activity of Chirayita root and Datura leaf extracts signicantly inhibited Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, and Candida albicans, indicating their potential to reduce eczema-related infections. Conclusion: Chirayita root and Dhatura leaf extracts
effectively inhibit eczema-associated pathogens, demonstrating their therapeutic potential and supporting their traditional use as natural remedies
for managing eczema symptoms.
DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERIZATION ESBL AND CARBAPENEMASE GENES IN KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER-SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Arunagirinathan N. , Sarva Kamalakar , K Shirisha. , S Raja.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: MDR K. pneumoniae was responsible for 8.7%- 10% global prevalence of nosocomial infections; the burden is increased on
Immuno compromised patients. A comprehensive understanding of the genes associated with MDR resistance mechanisms is essential for
enhancing patient management A total of 150 non-duplicate multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae s Materials & Methods: trains isolated
from various clinical samples such as Blood, Urine, Pus, and Sputum was included. β-Lactamase genes were amplified in multiplex RTPCRs using
a panel of primers for detection ESBL (blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M) and carbapenemase (blaKPC, blaVIM, blaNDM, blaIMP, and blaOXA48like) genes. Out of 150 isolates, 142 (95%) isolates harboring ESBL and carbapenemase genes. blaCTX Results: -M (15.5%), blaSHV (7.7%),
blaTEM (1.4%), blaCTX+SHV(21.1%) and blaNDM (10.6%), blaOXA48like (2.1%), blaNDM+OXA48like (1.4%) genes are the predominant
genes in ESBL and carbapenemases respectively, Co-producing genes of ESBL and carbapenemases found in 38% (n=57) of isolates Conclusion:
These findings emphasize the need to assess the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in common organisms and track antibiotic resistance
throughout time
A CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SERUM FLUORIDE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TELOGEN EFFLUVIUM
Authors: Kolsawala Hussain , T. S Rajashekar , Kumar K Suresh , K Hanumanthayya , B. V Vaishnavi , Kiran C Madhu
Published: January 2025

Background: Any disturbance of the hair cycle that results in enhanced, synchronized telogen shedding is the cause of telogen efuvium. it is
important to determine the relationship between the level of uoride in the serum and increase hair shedding in people living in uoride endemic
areas since excess uoride exposure may be a potential cause of Telogen Efuvium in such patients. Aims & Objectives: To estimate Serum
Fluoride levels in patients with Telogen Efuvium. Materials And Methods: Total of 70 patients in the age group of 18-50 years presenting with
diffuse hair loss of more than 100 hairs (clinical count) per day for more than 6 months were recruited in the study. All the patients were evaluated
for ppm concentrations of Fluoride in their serum using the ion selective electrode [ISE] method. Results: Mean serum uoride was found to be
0.102 ppm in patients who stayed in uoride endemic area higher than mean serum uoride of 0.075 ppm in patients who stayed <5 years which was
statistically signicant (p value <0.05). Conclusion: Reduced hair density seen in chronic telogen efuvium may possibly be associated with high
serum levels of Fluoride. Appreciating the importance of uoride as a factor in hair loss therefore assessments for telogen efuvium should include
an evaluation of serum uoride levels by the treatment provider.
MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER IN PREGNANCY VS FETO MATERNAL OUTCOME – A CHALLENGE
Authors: Dhawan Simran , Nautiyal Ruchira , Rajput Rashmi
Published: January 2025

The occurrence of breast cancer during pregnancy presents signicant diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic, and psychological challenges for both
the patient and her family. Additionally, it poses potential risks to the developing fetus, complicating treatment decisions and outcomes. The
frequency of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is rising, largely due to the increasing trend of delayed childbearing and the rising
incidence of breast cancer in young women of reproductive age [1]. Although breast cancer treatments during pregnancy, such as chemotherapy
and surgical interventions, have been deemed relatively safe, detailed information regarding obstetric risks remains limited. Breast cancer
diagnosed during pregnancy requires a delicate balance, as chemotherapy regimens might adversely affect the fetus, potentially leading to
congenital abnormalities or compromising fetal survival. This case report highlights two patients with breast tumors diagnosed during pregnancy,
each managed with a multidisciplinary approach to optimize both maternal and fetal outcomes. The rst patient was diagnosed with breast cancer
during the rst trimester. A decision was made to proceed with chemotherapy, and the pregnancy was terminated by caesarean section at 36 weeks
of gestation, following steroid coverage to ensure fetal lung maturity. The baby was delivered healthy with no apparent congenital anomalies, and
the patient resumed her chemotherapy regimen post-delivery. The second patient, a known case of phyllodes tumor, presented with a rapidly
progressive left breast swelling at 26 weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was managed conservatively, and the patient underwent full-term vaginal
delivery at 37 weeks 4 days. A healthy baby was delivered with no apparent abnormalities, and the mother had an uneventful postpartum recovery.
At 4 weeks postpartum, she underwent a left mastectomy, which was completed successfully, and the patient recovered well post-surgery. Both
cases underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, oncologists, surgeons, and neonatologists to optimize
outcomes in pregnancy-associated breast tumors. These cases demonstrate that with proper monitoring and timely interventions, good fetomaternal prognoses can be achieved, even in complex clinical scenarios.
APOSTAS ESPORTIVAS E INTERFERÊNCIA DE RESULTADOS
Authors: Nigri Thiago Steinberg , Nigri Victor Steinberg
Published: January 2025

O aumento das apostas esportivas trouxe grandes ganhos econômicos para diversas empresas, mas também fez surgir problemas éticos e operacionais para o futebol profissional. Este artigo disserta sobre a ação intencional de jogadores em situações e eventos isolados, como faltas intencionais ou recebimento de cartões propositais, prática que busca beneficiar pessoas que estão supostamente ligadas as apostas. Embora não altere o resultado do jogo, essa prática criminosa prejudica não só a confiança no esporte, mas também a fé do público que começa a duvidar da veracidade das ações no campo. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar os efeitos éticos, sociais e financeiros dessa atividade e sugerir maneiras de reduzir problemas. Os métodos usados incluíram uma leitura de livros sobre espírito esportivo, regras de jogos a dinheiro e casos documentados de interferência. Também olhamos dados sobre o mercado de apostas esportivas e o aumento de modelos que deixam apostar em eventos específicos durante uma competição. Os achados indicam que essa prática, mesmo não sendo tão clara como a troca dos resultados, machuca muito a imagem dos jogadores e clubes e diminui o ͏interesse pelo futebol para fãs e patrocinadores. Além disso os mercados com pouca regulação são mais abertos a tais ações aumentando os danos econômicos e éticos. Conclui-se que a adoção de tecnologias avançadas para monitorar comportamentos suspeitos, a regulamentação mais rígida do mercado de apostas e a promoção de educação ética para atletas são essenciais para reduzir os efeitos dessas ações. Tais medidas visam proteger a integridade esportiva, assegurando a confiança do público e a sustentabilidade econômica do futebol.
INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DE CRIANÇAS COM AUTISMO: DESAFIOS E ESTRATÉGIAS NO CENTRO MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL MÃEZINHA DO CÉU EM GRAJAÚ-MA
Authors: Silva Alessandra Rocha da , Silva Antonia Ozenira da , Reis Danubia Cristina Alves , Silva Claudia Rosane Moreira da , Ferreira Welberth Santos
Published: January 2025

O processo de inclusão de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na educação infantil no Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil Mãezinha do Céu (CEMEI), em Grajaú – Maranhão (MA), apresenta uma série de desafios para os professores. Entre os principais obstáculos, estão as dificuldades de comunicação e interação social enfrentadas por esses alunos, que demandam estratégias específicas e personalizadas para garantir o aprendizado significativo. Além disso, a carência de formação especializada entre os docentes e a insuficiência de recursos pedagógicos tornam o trabalho ainda mais complexo, gerando insegurança e dificuldades na aplicação de práticas inclusivas de qualidade. Apesar dessas dificuldades, algumas iniciativas vêm sendo adotadas para minimizar os desafios, como o uso de jogos pedagógicos inclusivos, que auxiliam tanto na comunicação quanto no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos com TEA. Outro aspecto essencial é a mediação constante do professor, que desempenha um papel importante na promoção da interação social entre crianças com e sem autismo, cultivando um ambiente de respeito, acolhimento e empatia. Entretanto, a pesquisa aponta que há uma necessidade premente de suporte especializado, incluindo a atuação de psicólogos e psicopedagogos, além de investimentos contínuos em formação docente. Essa formação é indispensável para capacitar os professores a lidar de maneira eficaz com as demandas específicas dos estudantes com TEA, especialmente na primeira etapa da educação básica. Conclui-se que, embora haja esforços em andamento, os professores do CEMEI ainda não estão totalmente preparados para atender de forma adequada às necessidades educacionais desses alunos, comprometendo, em parte, o sucesso da inclusão escolar.
Analyzing Language Politeness of Maxim of Courage Produced by Students in the Mobile Legends Game
Authors: Murni Maria Evriana Priska , Simanjuntak Nensy Megawati , Dedi Setyawan
Published: January 2025

Online games, particularly Mobile Legends, have become highly popular among students, especially college students. While engaging and entertaining, this attraction can lead students to neglect important aspects of their behavior, including their language use. This research focuses on the impact of online gaming on language politeness among Unitomo students living in Pumpugan 3, Surabaya. Specifically, the study aimed to examine the influence of frequent online gaming on the level of language politeness among these students, with a qualitative research design conducted in April 2024. The study focused on five Unitomo students, consisting of three female and two male participants, who were active Mobile Legends players. Data collection methods included interviews and observations, providing insights into the students' everyday language use. The results revealed that the environment, particularly time spent playing online games, significantly affected their language politeness. The students often adopted words and phrases from the online gaming environment into their daily conversations, including vulgar language such as "fuck you," "damn," "crazy," "dog," and others, both in English and Indonesian. These findings underscore the importance of self-awareness in maintaining polite language, particularly as the influence of gaming environments can contribute to the erosion of linguistic decency. Developing and practicing polite language habits from a young age is essential to counteract the negative influence of such environments. The research highlights the need for greater awareness and personal responsibility in fostering polite communication in both gaming and everyday contexts.