bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguistic analysis of translation of Chinese phraseologisms in the Analects of Confucius (论语)
Authors: Chen Liang
Published: January 2021

The object of this research is 56 phraseologisms of the treatise “Analects of Confucius”, and versions of their translation into the Russian language by L. S. Perelomov, selected for the analysis using the method of continuous sampling, as well as such method of linguistic studies as structural-semantic. The translation of phraseologisms of Confucius is described and analyzed within the framework of the concept of V. N. Komissarov; phraseological units are classified in accordance with the five types of equivalence of translation. The goal of this work is consists in determination of conditions that allow  preserving the semantic accuracy in translation of  phraseologisms of Confucius from Chinese to Russian. The research is carried out at the intersection of linguistics and philosophy. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to examine V.  N. Komissarov’s translation of phraseologisms of Confucius. Insufficient study of the translation of this philosophical text into the Russian language defines the relevance of this research. Based on the quantitative analysis it is concluded that phraseologism of Confucius are usually translated into Russian in accordance with the fifth type of the concept of V. N. Komissarov; i.e. literal translation of hieroglyphs into Russian, equivalence is founded on preservation of the meaning contained in the original. First and foremost, the translator tries to convey and preserve the pragmatic focus of the text.
V. D. Atlasov as a fixator of the Yakut heroic epic olonkho
Authors: Danilova Anna Nikolaevna
Published: January 2021

In folklore studies, the study of folklore heritage, the analysis of the collecting activities of individual local historians, enthusiasts arouses genuine interest. One of these people was Vladimir Dmitrievich Atlasov, a native of Ust-Aldan district. The purpose of this work is to study some issues of V. D. Atlasov's collecting activity on the basis of the olonkho text texture and to establish the history of the recording of the olonkho text "Kentestei Beg". Descriptive, structural and comparative methods were used to achieve this goal. On the basis of published texts and archival materials, the article examines some aspects of V. D. Atlasov's collecting activity on fixing the Yakut heroic epic Olonkho. В  The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the folkloristic work of V. D. Atlasov, an enthusiast, collector of olonkho, the textology of the recording of the Yakut heroic epic "Kentestei Beg" performed by S. M. Neustroev are considered. As a result of textual research of the manuscript, some features of the olonkho record were revealed. The presence of many amendments of various types indicates that the author worked in close cooperation with Olonkhosut himself. The text is clearly verified and in some places edited by the collector himself. Most of the text is written in modern graphics, but the letters of the old Latin alphabet are used in writing some words.
Art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities
Authors: Novikova Kseniya Vladimirovna
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The goal is to determine the areas of possible application of art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The theoretical-methodological framework contains subject-activity and systemic approaches, as well as provisions on the structure and functions of child-parent relations, views on child-parent relations of N. Y. Sinyagina; the concept of systemic art therapy by A. I. Kopytin. In the course of this study, the author applies the methods of testing, interview, psychological experiment, and observation. The theoretical importance of this work consists in systematization of theoretical provisions on the problem and substantiation of possibilities of application of art therapy techniques in psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The acquired results obtained can be valuable for psychologists dealing with foster families that raise children with disabilities, which defines the practical significance of this research. The scientific novelty lies in development of the program of art therapy classes for correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities. The research results may significantly contribute to the extension of representations on capabilities of psychological correction of child-parent relations in substitute families raising children with disabilities via implementation of art therapy techniques. The author indicates the improvement in child-parent relations: alleviation of child’s the sense of deprivation; better emotional contact between parent and child; emotional closeness; increase of the authoritative strategy of family upbringing; higher level of parents’ acceptance; optimization of parenting
FRAUD TRIANGLE DAN KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Siregar Anitaria
Published: January 2021

With the corruption condition in Indonesia and the result of the research related to white-collar crime, the researcher sees this is as the room to research the fraud triangle elements which cause or as the trigger for the corruption will have occurred.  Schuchter and Levi in their research conclude that only with one element of the fraud triangle, opportunity, fraud can happen. But according to the fraud triangle theory and many research, the combination of pressure, opportunity, and rationalization cause fraud. So this research will find out whether only with one element the corruption will have occurred in Indonesia or the three elements must exist. The result if this research shows only one element, opportunity, the corruption in Indonesia has happened. This result is the same as the research done by Schuchter and Levi (2015) for Swiss and Austrian elite fraudsters.
Utility of Tissue Classification in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma using Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Mammary Gland
Authors: Miyazaki Yoshiaki , Tabata Nobuyuki , Kubo Yuichiro , Shinozaki Kenji
Published: January 2021

Objectives:

In Japan, invasive ductal carcinomas, which account for 75% of breast cancer cases, are sub-classified as solid, tubule-forming, scirrhous, and other types based on the histopathological findings. Although time-intensity curve (TIC) analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) images has shown diagnostic ability in differentiating benign and malignant tumors, its ability to diagnose different tumor tissue types has not yet been achieved. In this study, we report a histological classification of invasive ductal carcinoma using the TIC analysis of dynamic MR images of the mammary gland.

Material and Methods:

A total of 312 invasive ductal carcinomas were analyzed, and each tissue type that indicated malignancy in the washout parts of the tumors was classified and characterized using the TIC.

Results:

The tissue was classified, and the results were then compared to the pathohistological diagnosis. Using this method, the accuracy of tissue classification by quantitative analysis of TIC-MR images was 86.9% (271/312), which was higher than that obtained by ultrasonography 68.9% (215/312).

Conclusion:

This method is effective for classifying tissue types in invasive ductal carcinoma.
The First Isolable Low-valent Ferrocene Enabling the Application of Unprecedented Ferrocene Anolyte
Authors: Song Hayoung , Kwon Giyun , Citek Cooper , Jeon Seungwon , Kang Kisuk , Lee Eunsung
Published: January 2021

Here, we report the first isolable low-valent biscyclopentadienyl iron complexes stabilized by NHC-functionalized ligands (NHC-Cps), which were characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Additional theoretical studies on these formally low-valent ferrocene complexes clearly explain the origin of their thermodynamic stability and the orbital interactions between iron and NHC-Cp. Exploiting the facile Fe(II/I) redox chemistry, we successfully demonstrated that the NHC-Fc compounds can be applied as the first example of ferrocene anolyte for redox-flow batteries. These low-valent species will not only deepen our understanding of the intrinsic chemistry of low-valent ferrocene but have the potential to open the way for the rational design of low-valent metallocene derivatives for various applications.
Charting the Complete Thermodynamic Landscape of Gas Adsorption for a Responsive Metal-Organic Framework
Authors: Goeminne Ruben , Krause Simon , Kaskel Stefan , Verstraelen Toon , Evans Jack D.
Published: January 2021

New nanoporous materials are able to revolutionize adsorption and separation processes. In particular, materials with adaptive cavities have high selectivity and may display previously undiscovered phenomena, such as negative gas adsorption (NGA), in which gas is released from the framework upon an increase in pressure. Although the thermodynamic driving force behind this and many other counterintuitive adsorption phenomena have been thoroughly investigated in recent years, several experimental observations remain difficult to explain. This necessitates a comprehensive analysis of gas adsorption akin to the conformational free energy landscapes used to understand the function of proteins. For the first time, we constructed the complete thermodynamic landscape of methane adsorption on DUT-49, a system that demonstrates NGA. Traversing this complex landscape correctly reproduces the experimentally observed structural transitions, the temperature dependence of the NGA phenomenon and the observed hysteresis between adsorption and desorption. The complete thermodynamic description presented here provides unparalleled insight into the process of adsorption and provides a framework to understand other adsorbents that challenge our preconceptions.
The Polymorphs of the Na+ Ion Conductor Na3PS4 from the Perspective of Variable Temperature Diffraction and Spectroscopy
Authors: Famprikis Theodosios , Bouyanfif Houssny , Canepa Pieremanuele , Dawson James , Zbiri Mohamed , Suard Emmanuelle , Fauth François , Playford Helen Y. , Dambournet Damien , Borkiewicz Olaf , Courty Matthieu , Chotard Jean-Nöel , Islam Saiful , Masquelier Christian
Published: January 2021

Solid electrolytes are crucial for next generation solid state batteries and Na3PS4 is one of the most promising Na+ conductors for such applications. In this contribution, we present a detailed investigation of the evolution in structure and dynamics of Na3PS4 under the effect of temperature in the range 30 < T < 600 °C through combined experimental-computational analysis. Although x ray Bragg diffraction experiments indicate a second order phase transition from the tetragonal ground state (α, P-421c) to the cubic polymorph (β, I-43m), pair distribution function analysis in real space and Raman spectroscopy indicate remnants of tetragonal character in the range 250 < T < 500 °C which we attribute to dynamic local tetragonal distortions. The first order phase transition to the mesophasic high temperature polymorph (γ, Fddd) is associated with a sharp volume increase and the onset of liquid like diffusive dynamics for sodium-cations (translative) and thiophosphate-polyanions (rotational) evident by inelastic neutron- and Raman- spectroscopies, as well as pair-distribution function and molecular dynamics. These results shed light on the rich polymorphism in Na3PS4 and are relevant for a host of high performance materials deriving from the Na3PS4 structural archetype.
Characterizing Nitrogen Sites in Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide: A Combined Solid-State 15N NMR, XPS and DFT Approach
Authors: Kim Gunwoo , Lee Jeongjae , Liu Tao , Grey Clare P.
Published: January 2021

Despite the potential applications in energy storage and conversion systems such as Li-oxygen batteries and fuel cells, the nature and distribution of doped nitrogen sites in reduced graphene oxides are still not well understood. In this work, we report a combined approach of 15N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy alongside the predominantly used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize the nitrogen environments in reduced graphene oxides. Application of 1H-15N low-power double quantum cross polarization under fast magic angle spinning with Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill scheme shows selective detection of protonated sites with low-power radiofrequency irradiation. NMR shift calculations of a series of N-containing molecules and a graphene nanoflake model were performed to help interpret the experimental data. This work demonstrates a powerful approach to identify and quantify the different nitrogen environments in doped graphene materials and can also be widely applied to similar graphitic carbon-based materials with other dopants.
Thioesters Provide a Robust Path to Prebiotic Peptides
Authors: Frenkel-Pinter Moran , Bouza Marcos , Fernández Facundo M. , Leman Luke J. , Williams Loren Dean , Hud Nicholas V. , Guzman Aikomari
Published: January 2021

The condensation of building blocks into oligomers and polymers was an early and important stage in the origins of life. High activation energies, unfavorable thermodynamics and side reactions are bottlenecks for abiotic formation of peptides. Thioesters are hypothesized to have played key roles in prebiotic chemistry on early Earth, serving as energy storing molecules, as synthetic intermediates, and as catalysts in the formation of more complex molecules, including polypeptides. However, all abiotic reactions reported thus far for peptide formation via thioester intermediates have relied on activated building blocks or condensing agents, which are of questionable prebiotic relevance. We report robust, plausible prebiotic reactions of mercaptoacids with amino acids that result in the formation of peptides and thiodepsipeptides, which contain both peptide and thioester bonds. Peptide bond formation proceeds by the condensation of mercaptoacids to form thioesters followed by thioester-amide exchange. Mercaptoacids catalyze thiodepsipeptides and peptide formation under a wide range of pH conditions and at mild temperatures. Our results offer the most robust one-pot pathway for peptide formation ever reported. These results support the hypothesis that thiodepsipeptides formed robustly on prebiotic Earth and were possible contributors to early chemical evolution.
Awareness on innovative techniques in dentistry among dental patients
Authors: Soorya Ganesh  , Keerthi Sasanka  , Vishnu Priya V
Published: January 2021

For decades, going to the dentist was considered an undesirable experience. It involved sitting under a bright light and having your mouth invaded with a variety of tools. Even though dental health was very important to your overall health and for having a nice smile, among other benefits, many people chose to steer clear of dental visits because of how uncomfortable it was for them. Fortunately, new technological advancements are making trips to the dentist quicker, easier, less painful and more reliable. Due to these advancements, the dental industry was growing rapidly and looking much different than it did in past years. A greater emphasis on treatment and prevention will mean fewer caries (cavities) in patients and less risk of periodontal disease. Similar to innovation within other health care professions, these new technologies will have a huge impact on how dental professionals treat their patients and how people take care of their oral health at home.
Effectiveness of Practicing Self-Care Module on Activities of Daily Living (ADL) among Patients with Schizophrenia in a Selected Hospital
Authors: Kalavalli  , Kanniammal  , Malarvizhi
Published: January 2021

Schizophrenia is a clinical syndrome of very serious and persistent neurobiological brain disease with profoundly disruptive psychopathology that results in severe, impairment in the lives of an individual, family and community. Patients need to depend on the family members or health care team members to meet their self-care needs. The present study determined the effectiveness of practicing self-care module on Activities of daily living (ADL) among patients with schizophrenia in selected hospital.  During the study period, totally 30 patients with schizophrenia between the age group of 21-40yrs participated in this study. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the participants. After obtaining consent, data has been collected from subjects with observational checklist. Subjects were given training for seven hours per day. Post test was conducted after 7days. Descriptive, paired t test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The finding of the study depicts evidence of significant difference between pre and posttest at the level of P<0.01, so  the self-care module helped them in their Activities of daily living to the maximum extent. There was a statistically significant difference in pre and post-test on level of performance in relation to Personal hygiene, personal grooming, communication, responsibilities and over all the level of P<0. 001.The study highlighted that, the need of retraining ADL for patients with schizophrenia is mandatory by the psychiatric nurses in hospital setting.
Impact of some metal ions on activity of purified human enzyme paraoxonase (hPON1)
Authors: Lana A Mansor  , Wafa M Sadik  , Noorhan A Chelebi
Published: January 2021

Inhibition of enzymes has a great influence on various metabolism activity in the body. The objective of this research has been to assess the impact of some metals and the drug statin on the activity of purified enzyme paraoxonase extracted from human sera (hPON1). The enzyme was purified in consecutive four steps using Ammonium Sulphate, Dialysis, Ion exchange and Gel filtration chromatography, respectively. These four purification steps have approved their credence in obtaining a maximum purification state of the enzyme. The inhibitory impact of some metals ions, i.e. Mg+2, K+1, Mn+2, Na+1, EDTA, and Zn+2, on the activity of purified hPON1 has also been assessed. The result showed the highest inhibitory impact of 10 mMol/L of Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3) on the activity of purified hPON1 while medication atorvastatin had significantly increased the activity of hPON1. It is concluded that any subtle change in the enzyme PON-1 could consequently lead to various diseases. More assessments are required for type two (PON-2) and type three (PON-3) to be explored. Atorvastatin is recommended to regulate cholesterol metabolism by the intestine and to lower the risk of diseases for elder ages.
Mechanism of Drug Resistance in Enterococci and Therapeutic Options - A Review
Authors: Reena Rajan
Published: January 2021

Enterococci exhibit an array of ways for constitutional and extrinsic resistance to primary antimicrobial agents available for clinical use. Susceptibility of these agents to β lactams, aminoglycosides or glycopeptides antibiotics or low susceptibility to combination of these agents, monomicrobial or polymicrobial nature of the infection, the involvement of heart valves or other endovascular structures affects therapy of Enterococcal infection. Vancomycin-resistant phenotypes A and B are most prevalent among medically important Enterococci isolates. Due to poor uptake of aminoglycosides, moderate level inherent resistance was reported in Enterococci. Gentamicin and Streptomycin are among the aminoglycoside antibiotics recommended for synergistic combination therapy with a cell wall acting agent. Enterococci isolates display inherent resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics due to less affinity penicillin-binding proteins, class B. Resistance to macrolides, due to erm B genotype and efflux proteins are common in Enterococci. Fluoroquinolone resistance due to genetic changes in chromosomal resistance determining regions has been observed in Enterococci isolates. Despite studies on good invitro action of Daptomycin, Linezolid and Tigecycline on Enterococci, their use may be limited due to shortage of clinical data and emergence of drug resistance. Thus optimal therapeutic option for Multidrug-resistant Enterococci infection is based on empirical observation, higher doses and combination therapies. This article reviews the antimicrobial resistance mechanism in Enterococci and available therapeutic options.
Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate: An eco-friendly chemical alternative for media autoclaving and explant sterilisation in plant tissue culture
Authors: Simran Chandrahas Shetty  , Narasimhan S
Published: January 2021

Autoclaving nutrient media is still considered as the optimum mode of sterilisation in plant cell and tissue culture. During the process steam under high pressure is maintained at 120 degrees Celsius, 15 psi for 15-20 minutes in a chamber, optimised to kill all possible microbial life forms. But the disadvantages related to the process of autoclaving are plentiful. They are, decrease in the media pH, salt precipitation, agar depolymerisation, carbohydrate hydrolysis, volatile obliteration and necessity of the infrastructure investment. Requirements of additional resources (time, human resources, electrical energy) have forced the lookout for a more viable alternative, that is, chemical sterilisation. The use of Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) is a useful alternative for media and explant sterilisation. NaDCC is stable, water-soluble, non-toxic and easy to use at room temperature, does not have any environmental hazards and is not phytotoxic. The use of NaDCC as a disinfectant has been documented well concerning water sterilisation, surface sterilisation and also as a broad spectrum disinfecting agent. Disinfecting property of NaDCC is due to the hydrolytic release of chlorine, and this can be utilised for sterilisation of media and explants in plant tissue culture. NaDCC is a useful alternative for autoclaving at a concentration range of 0.05 to 1.0 g/l. However, only a few reports are available for its use as a sterilising agent for media and explants for in vitro cultures of plants. This paper discusses and reviews the possibility of establishing NaDCC as an active agent for explant sterilisation and as a viable alternative to medium sterilisation through autoclaving.
Assessment of hospital anxiety and depression in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients in cancer institutes — A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sushanthi S  , Meignana Arumugham Indiran  , Pradeep Kumar Rathinavelu  , Arthi Balasubramaniam
Published: January 2021

Individuals often encounter psychological distress after a diagnosis of cancer, especially head and neck cancer (HNC). Worries regarding restricted functions, facial disfigurement, waiting time for investigation and duration of hospital stay for treatment make them feel awful. Often this feeling goes unnoticed and is underestimated. We aimed to assess the prevalence of the dreadful feeling in terms of anxiety and depression in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two cancer-treating institutions in South India. About 357 freshly diagnosed HNC patients participated in the study. Pre-validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the anxiety and depression levels. Descriptive statistics was done to report socio-demographic, clinical variables and mean scores. Independent t-test and correlation test were done for comparison and association, respectively. Mean depression score for males and females was 11.481, 11.865, respectively. Mean anxiety score for males was 11.708 and 11.792 for females. There was a strong positive correlation between depression and anxiety score (0.864) among patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean anxiety and depression scores among gender, socioeconomic status, marital status and cancer stages (p>0.05). Newly diagnosed HNC patients had an abnormal level of anxiety and depression, which needs special attention and care during treatment for a better outcome.
Awareness and Perception towards Dental Ethics and Ethical Dilemmas among Dental Professionals -A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Indumathy Pandiyan  , Meignana Arumugham Indiran  , Pradeep Kumar Rathinavelu  , Arthi Balasubramaniam
Published: January 2021

Dentists are one among the medical professionals who often encounter complex ethical issues. Playing the role of a health professional, business enterpriser and academician they often run into specific and conflicting ethical demands in practice and research. This cross-sectional study was conducted among dental professionals attached to educational institutions and private practitioners. A total of 95 participants, including private practitioners, faculty members, and post-graduate students, were recruited. A pre-validated, questionnaire containing questions related to awareness and perception in dental ethics was administered. Descriptive statistics was done to report the level of awareness and perception of dental professionals. About 65% of post-graduate professionals had awareness in clinical ethics when compared to undergraduate professionals who had 58% awareness. However, 75% of undergraduate professionals had awareness in research ethics compared to post-graduate professionals with 70% awareness. There was no difference in the perception level among graduate and post-graduate professionals. The awareness of dental ethics varied among dental professionals. There is a need to introduce specific continuing dental educational (CDE) programs to promote knowledge on dental ethics and dental jurisprudence to save dentist and their patients from encountering uneventful situations.
Mechanism involved in the Circulation of oxidized LDL and its Ratio; An Early Risk Marker in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Subjects with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Jaishankar  , Meera Shivasekar  , Vinodhini V M
Published: January 2021

Under oxidative stress hardening of arteries is linked to oxidative variations in low density lipoproteins and imaginably more than one mechanism is involved in the atherosclerosis, where LDL is oxidized in all the cells of intimal wall during the progression of CHD. Ox-LDL act as a prognosticator of dysfunction in endothelium along with pro-thrombotic, pro-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory properties in subjects suffering from oxidative stress. Circulating ox-LDL is associated with the development of atherosclerosis but also numerous degenerative and age related disease. The objective of our study is to assess the levels of circulating oxidized LDL and its ratio in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Subjects with CHD. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of General Medicine and Master Health check-up OP of SRM Medical College and Research Centre, Tamil Nadu, India. Totally 273 subjects in that 91 CHD patient without Diabetes, 91 CHD patient with diabetes and 91 healthy control in age group of 30 to 55 years and were age and sex matched. After overnight fasting blood samples were collected for analysis. ox-LDL were measured by ELISA method and Lipid Profile is measured using Auto Analyser AU480. Statistical analysis was done using student ‘t’ test and Pearson correlation analysis for the comparison between two groups. When compared to controls the mean level Low Density Lipoprotein and Plasma Oxidized LDL was significantly elevated in CHD group. Significantly positive correlation was observed between plasma oxidized LDL an LDL. The study concludes that increased circulating ox-LDL and its ratio are early risk marker and useful predictor of mortality in patients with CHD.For the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease an appropriate method that reveal the mechanisms which increase circulating LDL and ox-LDL is needed.
Emerging Risk Markers; Nitric Oxide and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Predicting Coronary Heart Disease in Young subjects
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Jaishankar  , Meera Shivasekar  , Vinodhini V M
Published: January 2021

NO is a free radical gas, identified as Endothelial Derived Releasing Factor (EDRF) and synthesized from L-arginine which plays a dynamic role in defence against onset and development of coronary heart disease. Decreased availability of nitric oxide is one of the important cause for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. An accumulation of Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in the intimal wall is the early step in atherosclerosis. Reduced NO level in the endothelium makes it vulnerable and increase the passage of leukocyte and undergo LDL oxidation in the sub endothelial space which ultimately lead to coronary heart disease. The aim of the study is to assess role of Nitric Oxide and oxidized LDL in CHD subjects. This cross-sectional study was conducted in SRM Medical college Hospital and Research centre on subjects attending the Department of Cardiology and Medicine OP. The study was conducted on 194 subjects in age group <40 years and were age and sex matched. After overnight fasting blood samples were collected for analysis for Lipid Profile and Nitric oxide and ox-LDL. Nitric Oxide and ox-LDL measured by ELISA method. Statistical analysis was done using Student‘t’ test and Pearson correlation analysis for the comparison between two groups. The mean level of Nitric Oxide were decreased (12.97± 1.20) significantly in CHD group compared to controls (19.08±4.74) (p <0.001). And Oxidized LDL showed significant increase (41.53± 8.72) in CHD group when compared to controls (16.73± 3.55) (p <0.001). Reduction in the levels of NO in the arterial wall impairs endothelial function. The study concludes that there is a strong association between NO and ox-LDL in progression of CHD. Interestingly, these analyses can help as diagnostic and monitoring markers in young CHD patients.
Review Paper on Iontophoresis
Authors: Mumtaz Ahmad  , Abdul Hafeez  , Ajay Kumar  , Isha Talwar  , Shmmon Ahmad  , Tejender Kaur
Published: January 2021

The ongoing endorsement of lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine joined iontophoresis for confined agony treatment by FDA has empowered the picking up enthusiasm for iontophoresis tranquillize conveyance system for the transdermal conveyance of medications. This system of encouraged development of particles over a film affected by a remotely implied electric potential contrast remains one of utmost encouraging bodily skin infiltration improving strategy. The justification overdue utilizing this procedure remains the capacity of technique to build the foundational conveyance of great atomic weight mixes with precise information energy and least between topic changeability in any case accomplished just when parenteral course of organization is utilized. As of late, great saturation of bigger peptides alike insulin has had been accomplished by this method being mixed through concoction accompaniments. This audit quickly depicts the features that influence iontophoresis tranquillize conveyance and abridges the investigations directed as of late utilizing this procedure so as to accomplish higher foundational ingestion of the medications having low latent dispersion in any case. The impact of pervasion enhancers (synthetic enhancers) on iontophoresis motion of medications has likewise been depicted. Present survey additionally gives an understanding into invert iontophoresis. Different constraints that influence transdermal retention of medications by iontophoresis comparable medication fixation, extremity of medications, and pH of contributor arrangement, nearness of co-particles, ionic quality, and terminal extremity and so on have additionally been inspected in detail.
The role of Tranexamic acid in reducing the need for intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion in patients undergoing arthroplasty for osteoarthritis
Authors: Thiyagarajan U  , Senthil Loganathan  , Raghavendar  , Pradeep P
Published: January 2021

Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative anaemia in patients undergoing arthroplasty of the hip and knee increase patient's morbidity and mortality. This increases the need for postoperative transfusion of blood products. Though mechanical methods like using tourniquet reduce the intraoperative blood loss, postoperative loss and resulting anaemia cannot be prevented. Our aim was to establish that the use of low dose tranexamic acid Intravenously and Topically in these patients reduce the total blood loss in these patients and hence the need for postoperative blood transfusion and associated complications of anaemia. Our study conducted in SRIHER between 2018-2020 prospectively, included an analysis of 84 patient's undergoing arthroplasty of the hip and knee. All patients included were above 55 years undergoing arthroplasty for hip and knee for osteoarthritis. Patients with h/o stroke, cardiac stents and chronic liver and renal diseases were excluded. Intravenous Tranexamic acid 1gm was given to all patients an hour before surgery as an infusion in normal saline along with tranexamic acid 500mg injected through the drain after closure. The average blood loss was 480ml intraoperatively and the average drain volume was 140ml. Only 14 patients (16.6%) had postoperative anaemia and required transfusion of allogenic blood. The mean postoperative haemoglobin in these patients was 12.2gm/dl. Our study indicates that low dose intravenous and topical Tranexamic acid significantly reduces the intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and resulting anaemia. This effectively reduces the need for postoperative blood transfusion and associated complications.
Improved expression of Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase gene from Burkholderia cepacia in Escherichia coli
Authors: Dang Van Thanh , Hoang Anh Thi , Tran Gia Cat Tuong , Pham Thi Huyen Tran , Ha Thanh Le Thi , Nguyen Hoang Loc
Published: January 2021

Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CAT1) is a key enzyme for the ortho-cleavage pathway involved in the degradation of dibenzofuran, a dioxin derivative, which is a highly toxic environmental pollutant. The present study aims to investigate appropriate culture conditions for enhancing the expression of the cat1 gene encoding CAT1 enzyme from Burkholderia cepacia DF4 in Escherichia coli M15. The optimized culture conditions for gene expression are cell density at the time of induction, shaking speed, induction temperature, induction time, and inducer concentration. The highest level for CAT1 was obtained at the IPTG concentration of 1.2 mM, 10 hours after induction at 35 °C, shaking speed 200 rpm with cell density at OD600 0.7.
Waldemar Espinoza Soriano y la didáctica de la historia
Authors: Pacheco Peña Eduardo , Porras Cosme Sanyorei
Published: January 2021

El estudio forma parte de un análisis de los cuadernos de apuntes del joven estudiante Marino Pacheco Sandoval cuando asistió a las cátedras de Waldemar Espinoza Soriano, entre 1962 y 1966 en el pregrado de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú. Esta fuente escrita desvela la labor educativa poco conocida del historiador en su estadía en el valle del Mantaro. Espinoza Soriano influenció con su didáctica de la historia a una pléyade de inquietos estudiosos de la Ciencias Sociales, la Historia, la Filosofía y el Folclore.
Validación de las rúbricas como instrumento de evaluación en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú - UNCP
Authors: Huamán Huayta Ludencino Amador , Hilario Márquez Mario Rudi , Franco Cuicapusa Yancileide Miluska
Published: January 2021

La investigación tiene como propósito validar un grupo de rúbricas como instrumentos de evaluación de procesos y productos del aprendizaje con enfoque de competencias en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Educación - UNCP, enmarcado en el enfoque de evaluación formativa y participativa, en forma analítica e interpretativa. Se analizaron las bases teóricas, metodológicas y experiencias internacionales del diseño, elaboración y validación de las rúbricas, entendidas como una escala valorativa que ofrece descripciones del desempeño de los estudiantes en diferentes criterios a partir de un aumento progresivo de niveles que se corresponden con los indicadores de logro o avance de aprendizaje. Como resultado se presenta la validez y confiabilidad de cinco rúbricas para evaluar: exposición-discusión de trabajos grupales, monografías, ensayos académicos (en pregrado), proyectos de tesis y artículos académicos (en posgrado) mediante la técnica de jueces y los métodos estadísticos. Se concluye que las rúbricas tienen validez y confiabilidad, constituyen una alternativa más cualitativa en valoración de resultados de aprendizaje con enfoque de competencias y pueden utilizarse como instrumentos de autoevaluación, coevaluación y heteroevaluación, para una evaluación participativa y formativa de los estudiantes, porque muestran una tendencia a la autorregulación y mejora.
New Test to Study the Behavior of the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas, 1764)
Authors:   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Maslov A. A.
Published: January 2021

An original test to study the behavior of the pied flycatcher has been developed. The experimental arena can be used in field and laboratory study. It looks like a plus maze with a darkened central compartment, simulating an empty nesting box, and four entrances to the illuminated peripheral compartments of the arena. Birds demonstrate individual behavioral variability. They stay in the central compartment or leave it; make a different number of transitions between compartments and try to escape from the peripheral compartments through the transparent cover. Bird activity may depend on a number of factors, including the level of research activity and anxiety of individuals. This allows you to use this test to study the behavioral syndrome of the pied flycatcher.
Analysis of the setting and predictive factors of the effect of attack according to game ecology
Authors: Rocha Augusto Cezar Rodrigues , Pedrosa Gustavo Ferreira , Freire Auro Barreiros , Praça Gibson Moreira , Ugrinowitsch Herbert , Castro Henrique de Oliveira , Costa Gustavo Teixeira
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study
was to identify how the ecological variables influence the setter during the
setting and what were the predictive factors of the attack effect among Brazilian
teams ranked from the 1st to 4th place in the volleyball
Women’s Super-League in 2016-2017. We analyzed 768 attacks from 10 matches played
among the teams. A descriptive analysis was performed and, to identify how the
setting location differed in relation to the ecological variables, the One-Way
ANOVA (factor 1 = setting location) was used. In addition, multinomial logistic
regression was performed to understand the predictive factors of the effect of
the attack. The significance level was set at 5% (p≤.05) and the SPSS software
version 20.0 was used. The results showed the setting location differed
according to the distance between the setter and the central attacker, the
distance between the setter and the central blocker, and the distance between
the setter and the blocker of position 4. Besides, it was observed that the powerful
attack and the blocking touch were predictive factors of the effect of the
attack. Thus, it is concluded that the decision-making for the action of the
setting is based on the availability of the central attacker and the
configuration of the blockers, the powerful attack reduces the chances of
defense and the blocking touch reduces the chances of scoring by attacking.
Effect of foaming agent concentration and drying temperature on biochemical properties of foam mat dried tomato powder
Authors: Hossain M.A. , Mitra S. , Belal M. , Zzaman W.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study was to optimize the effective drying conditions and different
foaming agent concentrations on the biochemical properties of foam mat dried tomato
powder. Foaming was achieved by using egg albumin as foaming agent and sodium salt of
Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) as foam stabilizer with different concentrations. Drying
was achieved by using different drying temperatures. The changes in different
physicochemical properties of foam mat dried powder viz. total soluble solid (TSS), pH,
ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, β-Carotene, DPPH radical scavenging activity were
observed. Foams were prepared from different concentrations of egg albumin (3-7% w/w)
and sodium salt of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (1%, 0.5%). The drying temperatures were
varied from 60°C to 70°C. The drying time changes with different drying temperatures. It
was found that the drying time decreased with the increased foaming agent concentrations
as well as with higher drying temperature. It takes almost 13 hrs for drying at 70°C. TSS
and pH content was increased with the increase of foaming agent concentrations and foam
stabilizer’s concentrations but decreased with the increasing temperatures. Ascorbic acid
decreased with the increase of foaming agent concentrations and temperatures but
increased with CMC concentration. Titratable acidity content of foam mat dried tomato
powder was decreased with the increasing foaming agent concentrations but increased
with the higher temperatures and decreased CMC concentration. β-Carotene contents
increased with the increase of foaming agent concentrations but decreased with the
increase of temperatures and foam stabilizer concentration. DPPH free radical scavenging
activity increased with the increase of foaming agent, foam stabilizer and temperatures.
Based on the maximum retention of physicochemical properties, the optimum treatment of
foaming agent was found to be 7% egg white + 1% CMC at 60°C.
Las tres dimensiones metropolitanas: lo espacial, lo institucional y lo ciudadano. Hacia un modelo de compatibilización ideal.
Authors: Sousa-González Dr. Eduardo
Published: January 2021

The three metropolitan dimensions: The spacial, institutional and the citizen. Towards an ideal compatibilization model.Resumen:            El propósito sería abordar el asunto del crecimiento expansivo de las metrópolis del sur global, planteando, como caso de estudio, la zona metropolitana de Monterrey desde el enfoque evolucionista planteado por Henry Lefebvre, donde se plantea la “urbanización completa de la sociedad” (Lefebvre, H.:1980:1); explorando a partir de un análisis deductivo que va desde lo general, con la variable exógena vinculada globalización, para involucrar desde ahí, las particularidades que se han dado sobre el proceso de urbanización de la zona metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. En ese sentido, se muestra la forma en que el proceso evolutivo de urbanización de Monterrey, ha modificado sus linderos periféricos influido por variables de corte exógeno como la globalización y el grado de desarrollo del lugar y, endógenas vinculado a lo: económico, político, territorial y socio-demográfico.            Para esto, se hace una exploración de la dinámica urbana y de la manera en que los procesos de globalización de la economía fueron insertándose en México como país y en la zona metropolitana de Monterrey; para finalmente concluir, con una exploración del proceso de urbanización 1940-2019 en Monterrey y una propuesta donde se involucra a las tres grandes dimensiones metropolitanas: lo espacial, lo institucional y lo ciudadano; las cuales, desde la óptica de esta investigación, son factibles de compatibilizar.
Los costes de la modernización: desigualdad social y fragmentación urbana en Tampico, Tamaulipas
Authors: Loredo Cansino Reina , Berumen Rodríguez Carlos Eric , Valle Chavarría Lorena Gertrudis
Published: January 2021

El artículo reflexiona sobre el fenómeno de la arquitectura moderna desde la periferia de aquellos territorios que paradójicamente el desarrollo y la modernización han fragmentado. Tomando como caso de estudio la ciudad de Tampico, Tamaulipas. El documento describe el proceso de modernización de la ciudad a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, hemerográfica y de archivo con el fin de contribuir a la discusión en torno a los impactos que los procesos de modernización tuvieron en las ciudades-puerto asociados al ferrocarril y el petróleo a inicios del siglo XX. Se muestra cómo los procesos de modernización se sustentan en un modelo que promueve la fragmentación urbana y se concluye que en el caso de Tampico las lógicas de modernidad perpetuaron la fragmentación del ámbito urbano exacerbando la desigualdad social.
La arquitectura producto del cerebro
Authors: Tlapalamatl Toscuento Edgar
Published: January 2021

Ante cualquier acción física o cognitiva como diseñar, aprender, caminar, leer o el juicio de belleza de un objeto arquitectónico requiere la puesta en marcha de diversas estructuras cerebrales, la participación de varias regiones celulares, en una interconexión asincrónica y fluida de la que los individuos no son conscientes. El sistema nervios desempeña un papel fundamental en el desarrollo, adaptación y supervivencia del ser humano y de este dependen todas las acciones (físicas y cognitivas) que los individuos llevan a cabo a diario. Por lo tanto, para poder entender al hombre y los fenómenos que subyacen del mismo, es necesario conocer la estructura y función del sistema nervioso en su interacción con el entorno circundante. Es así que se plantea una nueva línea de investigación denominada neuro-arquitectura, se plantean sus objetivos, campos de acción, así como los métodos y técnicas a implementar. Como ejemplo de implementación de la neuro-arquitectura se analizan y describen los procesos fisiológicos y cognitivos cerebro-corporales que se activan en los individuos al evocar un juicio estético arquitectónico, además se describen algunas estructuras cerebrales que se encuentran relacionadas con algunos fenómenos arquitectónicos.
Penelitian-Penelitian Tentang Timbulan Limbah B3 Medis dan Rumah Tangga Selama Bencana Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Prihartanto Prihartanto
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The generation of medical and municipal waste during the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to become a medium for spreading the virus if it is not handled properly. The lack of information regarding the generation of medical and the effectiveness of handling infectious waste is one of the factors that influence the handling of Covid-19 hazardous waste. In this study, a literature review will be presented regarding several studies on the generation of Covid-19 medical hazardous waste that have been carried out in several developing and developed countries from December 2019 to mid-2020. In addition, a comparison of the handling of infectious municipal waste in developing and developed countries will be presented in this paper during a pandemic. It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference for further research on the generation of hazardous medical waste and handling municipal-scale infectious waste due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords: Covid-19, hazardous waste, waste generation, medical waste, municipal waste

Abstrak

Timbulan limbah medis dan rumah tangga pada masa pandemi COVID-19, berpotensi menjadi media penyebaran virus bila tidak ditangani dengan benar. Minimnya infomasi mengenai timbulan limbah medis dan efektivitas penanganan limbah infeksius menjadi salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penanganan limbah B3 Covid-19 ini. Dalam kajian ini akan disampaikan tinjauan pustaka mengenai beberapa penelitian tentang timbulan limbah medis B3 Covid-19 yang pernah dilakukan dibeberapa negara berkembang dan negara maju sejak Desember 2019 hingga pertengahan 2020. Disamping itu dalam makalah ini akan dipaparkan perbandingan penanganan limbah infeksius rumah tangga di negara berkembang dan negara maju selama terjadi pandemik. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu rujukan bagi penelitian lanjutan tentang timbulan limbah medis B3 serta penanganan limbah infeksius skala rumah tangga akibat pandemik Covid-19.

Kata kunci: Covid-19, limbah beracun dan berbahaya, timbulan limbah, limbah medis, limbah rumah tangga