bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Aplikasi Pelayanan dan Konsultasi Hukum Berbasis Web pada Kantor Law Firm Duma & Co
Authors: Pasaribu Steven Martinus Pedro , Ramos Samuel , Valentine Hany Maria
Published: May 2023

Law Firm Duma & Co is a professional legal consultant with high competence and integrity. The work unit for services and legal consultations is obliged to prepare a strategic plan that contains vision, mission, goals, strategies, policies, services, and is indicative in nature. The problem that occurs in the Duma Law Firm Office is that there is no information service regarding legal services that can be accessed by customers online and the customer must come to the Duma Law Firm Office to conduct a consultation. This process is very time consuming and consulting activities are not well documented due to the absence of complete reports during monitoring or evaluation. With these problems, there is an alternative that can help solve these problems by implementing a reliable computerized system. It is hoped that information can be obtained quickly, precisely and more efficiently and effectively. The design method used in this research is the Unifield Modeling Language (UML) method. While making applications in this study using the PHP programming language while the database uses MySQL.
Sistem Informasi Screening Penerimaan Karyawan Baru pada PT. Adhirajasa Wirakencana Berbasis Web dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting
Authors: Arifin Rohmat Pulou , Lestari Dwi , Whendasmoro Raditya Galih
Published: May 2023

Screening of new employee data is an important activity that is directly related to the process of finding qualified employees. If this activity is done manually, it will be easy for human errors to occur and will also take a long time. At PT. Adhira Jasa Wirakencana HRD is still carrying out data screening activities in a semi-computerized manner, causing data to be missed for screening and also taking a long time besides the absence of a decision support system (SPK) such as Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) by assigning weights to 4 different factors. used are age, distance of residence, education and also work experience which causes screening to be less effective. To deal with all existing problems, an information system for screening data on new employee acceptance was made using the WEB-based Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method using 4 criteria, namely age, distance of residence, education and work experience. This system uses MySQL as the database and PHP as the programming language.
Time Series Analysis of Mean Temperature using SARIMA: An Example from Davao Oriental, Philippines
Authors: Ichon Jr. Larry , Dela Gente Jerd
Published: May 2023

In many practical disciplines, time series analysis, and forecasting—a technique that predicts future values by analyzing past values—play a substantial role. In this paper, the researchers analyze the monthly mean temperature in Davao Oriental from 2010 to 2022 using the \SARIMA (Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average) technique. Data from January 2010 to May 2020 were used as the training data set, while data from June 2020 to December 2022 were used as the testing data set. The presentation includes a thorough overview of model selection and forecasting precision. The findings demonstrate that the suggested research strategy achieves good forecasting accuracy. The analysis reveals that the best model which was satisfactory to describe was SARIMA (0,1,3) (2,0,0) [12], and in the month of May 2023, the temperature will be 28.27964 degrees Celsius. In subsequent work, the researchers hope to expand the number of possible grid search parameter combinations. This method may lead us to models with improved predictive ability. The length of the training set may also affect forecasting accuracy, in addition to the SARIMA model's parameters. A follow-up study is needed to investigate both hypotheses.
Kajian Teologis terhadap Tradisi Manulangi dalam Budaya Batak Toba
Authors: Marbun Tolop
Published: May 2023

Ritual manulangi salah satu saran memberikan penghormatan tertinggi kepada orang tua sesuai dengan ajaran leluhur orang Batak. Karena ritual manulangi merupakan ajaran leluhur, ada orang yang merasa bahawa ritual manulangi sudah tidak relavan karena menghormati orang tua bisa berbagai cara. Ada juga memiliki sikap sekatarianisme yang menganggap bahwa semua adat istiadat Batak Toba merupakan dosa dan bertentangan dengan Alkitab. Tujuan dari penelitian ini memberikan nilai-nilai teologis dalam ritual manulangi sehingga orang Batak Toba masa kini bisa tetap mempertahan ritual manulangi dengan nilai-nilai kekristenan. Metode yang digunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan model studi literatur. Data yang diperoleh melalui literatur yang berkaitan dengan judul, kemudian dianalisan untuk menghasilkan kerangka berpikir. Selanjutnya penulis melakukan kajian teologis dari hasil temuan data. Rituali manulangi memenuhi hukum yang utama dan terutama yaitu, kasih kepada Allah dan kasih kepada manusia. Kasih kepada Allah melalui ritual menulangi sebagai saran memuliakan Allah dan menghormati orang tua sebagi ketaatan kepada Allah. Kasih kepada sesama manusia melalui ritual manulangi sebagai saran menghormati orang tua, saling memberkati, restorasi hubungan keluarga dan sarana tolong menolong.
Manfaat Manajemen Kepemimpinan Gereja Terhadap Tingkat Kehadiran Pemuda Dalam Ibadah Di Jemaat Pniel Boloy
Authors: Buek Julitte Hasna Liance , Lefran Lefran , Labito Alce Mariani
Published: May 2023

Anak muda adalah tulang punggung serta masa depan gereja. Kaum muda tidak dapat bergerak secara aktif tanpa ada yang mengatur dari pihak pengurus kaum muda dan pihak gereja yang harus memotivasi kaum muda supaya mereka bisa berkembang ke arah positif. Oleh sebab itu, pentingnya manajemen yang baik untuk mengatur dan mendukung kaum muda agar lebih aktif dalam mengikuti pelayanan yang yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui penyebab sehingga tingkat kehadiran pemuda dalam ibadah memiliki ketidakstabilan. Untuk mengetahui apa manfaat manajemen kepemimpinan Gereja terhadap tingkat kehadiran pemuda dalam ibadah. Metode penelitian yang dipakai Kualitatif dengan jenis peneitian Studi Kasus untuk mengungkapkan Manfaat Manajemen Kepemimpinan Gereja terhadap tingkat kehadiran pemuda dalam ibadah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa penyebab dari ketidak aktifan pemuda dalam ibadah seperti, kurangnya pendekatan, kurang percaya diri. Struktur manajemen sudah dilaksanakan di jemaat GPIBK Pniel Boloy seperti pembagian tugas serta pelaksanaan kepada majelis jemaat yang ada. Di dalam pelayanan kompelka pemuda tingkat kehadiran dari anggota mengalami ketidakstabilan.
Study on the Structure of GaN films deposited on MoS2/Sapphire via Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Authors: Susanto Iwan , Tsai Chi-Yu , Nurzal Nurzal , Purnomo M Zalu , Ing-Song Yu
Published: May 2023

The gallium nitride (GaN) films were grown on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layers via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). The heterostructures of the GaN film were studied using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and HR-XRD. The heterostructures of GaN/MoS2/sapphire were revealed through cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The surface texture of the GaN films was analyzed using FE-SEM. Single-crystal heterostructure GaN films can be obtained on 2D MoS2/c-sapphire. The RHEED demonstrated spot patterns with high intensity showing the single crystal structure constructed in the GaN films. The GaN films on the surface exhibited a hexagonal structure. TEM images taken perpendicular to the surface revealed that, even after 60 minutes of epitaxial growth, the thickness of the GaN films remained consistent at approximately 4 nm. However, the 2D MoS2 layer was not observable in the images due to harm incurred during heteroepitaxial growth. Based on the surface structure, it was found that GaN films were successfully grown on the MoS2 layers using the PA-MBE system.
Implementasi Manajemen Strategik Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan (Studi Pada Pada SMAS Widya Nusantara, Bekasi)
Authors: Dian Suarditini  , Putri Dhea Jasmine  , Tegar Setiawan  , Reza Almasyah Pratama
Published: May 2023

Strategic management is a process within the organization to assist and formulate what must be achieved in order to produce something of value. The position of strategic management in an organization is very important. Because the existence of strategic management produces a framework in overcoming every strategic problem within the organization, strategic management also makes an organization think strategically and think more innovatively. Solving a problem by Realizing and Thinking more distinctions built from a more thorough analysis, max will create a useful and fruitful result. As is the case with quality education, it will be carried out properly and usefully if the school implements the strategic management that has been formulated previously in accordance with the existing vision and mission. However, judging from the existing problems, such as the lack of school management at Widya Nusantara Bekasi Private High School. Therefore the authors are interested in conducting analysis or research with the aim of analyzing and analyzing profiles, implementation and evaluation of strategic management in an effort to improve the quality of education. This research is a qualitative descriptive study conducted at Widya Nusantara Private High School, Bekasi. This study conducted research subjects to school principals, vice principals, treasurers, administrative staff, school committees and teachers. In the technique of data collection is done through observation, and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the profile of Widya Nusantara Private High School, Bekasi drives a vision, mission, goals, objectives and profile of school resources. Strategy implementation at Widya Nusantara Private High School, Bekasi is carried out through internal and external school environmental activities which are described through the school's organizational structure, teamwork and division of school assignments, study days and times, financing assets, curriculum, school promotion, new student admissions, school culture , code of ethics, school virtues, geographical environment, demographics, cultural environment and community appreciation, government regulations, developments in science and technology, involvement of school committees, partner institutions, alumni and implementation strategies in an effort to meet national education standards. The evaluation at Widya Nusantara Private High School, Bekasi is carried out continuously by involving top management and all school personnel both in the short term and long term through school selfevaluation instruments, teachers and benchmarking to improve school performance and education quality.
حقوق الضحايا أمام الإجراءات الجنائية الدولية
Authors: زيد ثابت الربيعي
Published: May 2023

اشتملت الصكوك الدولية من مواثيق واتفاقيات على بعض مظاهر العدالة التصالحية المعروفة على مستوى القانون الداخلي؛ تجلت في الحق في المشاركة في مراحل الدعوى الجنائية الدولية، وفي الحق في الحصول على التعويض لجبر الضرر المترتب على الجريمة الدولية من ناحية أخرى. ومن ثم فلا يمكن القول إن العدالة التصالحية لا تناسب مجال الجرائم الدولية؛ فالعدالة التصالحية تقوم على محاور عدة تتمثل في زيادة الدور الإيجابي للمجني عليه في الدعوى الجنائية، وجبر الضرر المترتب على الجريمة، وتأهيل الجناة. وقد أشار النظام الأساسي للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية، وعدد من السوابق القضائية لتلك المحكمة لوجود مظاهر العدالة التصالحية في مجال الجرائم الدولية، ولكن دون النص صراحة على كون تلك المظاهر آنفة البيان تعد تطبيقاً للعدالة التصالحية ومهما يكن من أمر ، فإن الاعتماد على العدلة العقابية وحدها، لن يحقق الغاية المنشودة من العدالة لضحايا الجرائم الدولية ، فمن غير المتصور حرمان ضحايا الجرائم الدولية من حضور جلسات المحاكمات الجنائية الدولية؛ لأبداء الآراء والملاحظات الشفوية ، ومناقشة الشهود، والاستماع لدفاع المتهمين عن أسباب ارتكاب الجرائم الأكثر خطورة. فالانتقال من حالة النزاع إلى إحلال السلام والاستقرار يتطلب أن تمر العدالة الجنائية الدولية بمراحل عدة، فالقصاص من مرتكبي الجرائم الدولية لن يكفي وحده، بل يتعين إلى جانبه اتباع مظاهر العدالة التصالحية المتمثلة في مصلحة المجني عليه في الحكم، والمشاركة الفعالة في إجراءات الدعوى الجنائية الدولية كافة.
Planning Strategy for The Surrounding Attractive Cities (Bismayah New City as a case study)
Authors: Omar Saadi Yaseen  , Bahjat Rashad Shahin
Published: May 2023

The creation of attractive peripheral cities is considered one of the most important features of change and renewal in the patterns of urbanization, which have been adopted by most States as an optimal means of alleviating the burden of the metropolitan cities and of addressing their major urban problems, such as population inflation and traffic jam, as well as their active role in promoting economic realities, advancing economic development and increasing imports. Therefore, the study emerged from the particular problem: “The lack of a clear, holistic view of the concept of the attractive city planning strategy”, Where the study assumes, “The existence of a set of key indicators extracted from leading global experiences in this field, which is considered one of the main qualification rules that makes the surrounding city attractive to the population and maximizes investment projects”. The study aims to diagnose and extract the most effective indicators in this field that enhance the efficiency of the surrounding city in a way that ensures its attractiveness and competitiveness.
Difficulties of Explorationests in decision making under complex constraints of Technical/Economical and Geopolitical environment of risk and uncertainties
Authors: Shallal N. M. Aldelaimi
Published: May 2023

The ultimate objective of Explorationests and managerial head posts is to make the right decision of exploration and development plans under Technical (Engineering) , Economic and Geopolitical major environments.This decision must respond positively to the target of exaggerating the national reserve necessities and to replace that depleted or about depleted reservoirs or fields with the best efficiency. Thus, The task of a decision maker is in the beginning to evaluate the situation of the problem he has, where certainly falls in one or more of four cases: 1) Certain deterministic consequences 2)Risky of probabilistic consequences 3)Uncertainty of unknown consequence and 4)Conflict of consequences influenced by opponents. Explorationests or manager deeply has to deal with enormous numbers of unknown variables or parameters as more complex situations by more components of risk and uncertainties, particularly the 2nd and the 3rd categories. In both cases Explorationests must develop a criterion like reserve, profits as related to his objective, then applying either a simulation method or analytical approach to reduce the level of probabilities. The probability can be defined by what is called the Expected Value concept, which for Net Present value becomes (ENPV) , which in turn could be either: An event , where a product to be obtained by multiplying the occurrence(frequency)as an outcome by the condition worth value , or : As Decision Alternative , where the probability outcome that could occur, if the decision alternative is occurred . This definition hence, is the most important tool in decision making, while the most popular simulation technique to reduce probability level is what defined as Monte Carlos simulation. It tried to apply it in this work for the western flank of the Mesopotamia, where many exploratory targets of unknown variables assumed to deal with the concept of expected value EV as: a) joint, mutual exclusives probabilistic formula P(total)=P(Tech)*P(Eco)*P(Geopol), and, or: As similar case, but as a decision making alternatives, P(total)=Sum{P(Tech)+P(Eco)+P(Geopol)}.Results of this preliminary study are promising targets, but risky to some extent, thus it seems better to explore this major target, but not to develop it, at least now.
A review of Indoor Positioning Techniques
Authors: Hiba Hussein Marza
Published: May 2023

A great development has been appeared in wireless technologies and location based services and especially with appearance of open android operating system. In outdoor environments, Global Positioning System (GPS) can be used to get the position of smartphone users but GPS receiver is mostly inefficient in indoor environments. In this paper, several positioning systems have been reviewed which are used different technologies such as WLAN networks, cellular networks, infrared and ultrasound based system. Many comparison metrics between positioning techniques have been mentioned such as measurement type, accuracy, coverage, line of sight or non-line of sight, affected by multipath and cost and the best technique can be obtained through these metrics.
RECOMENDACIONES PARA LA TERAPIA FARMACOLÓGICA DE COVID-19, UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Melgar García Varinia M.
Published: May 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 movilizó a la comunidad científica a identificar fármacos útiles para la lucha contra esta infección. Las investigaciones realizadas a nivel internacional, favorecieron la selección de fármacos que demostraron beneficios en el tratamiento de la infección.
Se realizó una revisión  bibliográfica en la que fueron considerados documentos publicados por organismos internacionales, nacionales, artículos científicos y publicaciones vinculadas a la temática en estudio. Con la finalidad de definir una pauta general, se contrastaron las resoluciones emitidas respecto a cada fármaco.
Entre los fármacos revisados, se recomienda el uso de corticoides sistémicos y tocilizumab en pacientes COVID-19 en estado grave o crítico, especialmente en tratamiento asociado. Los otros fármacos descritos en nuestra revisión, demostraron baja evidencia científica en cuanto a beneficios. Por otro lado, los antinflamatorios no esteroideos, antibacterianos y terapia anticoagulante, se recomienda únicamente de acuerdo a las necesidades y los riesgos particulares del paciente.
 
Fecha de recepción: 16/08/22.Fecha de evaluación: 30/09/22.Fecha de aprobación: 20/12/22.
Registros de leucismo en cuatro especies de murciélagos (Chiroptera) en la Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, Ecuador: Vampyressa thyone, Uroderma bilobatum, Artibeus obscurus y Noctilio albiventris
Authors: Salazar Flores Sofía Arleen
Published: May 2023

El leucismo es una afección de la pigmentación del pelaje del animal por fallas en la producción de tirosinasa. El individuo puede presentar manchas de color blanco en todo o en ciertas partes del cuerpo, así como un pelaje completamente blanco, pero manteniendo el color de los tejidos blandos (ojos, uñas, etc.). Dentro del orden Chiroptera, se presume que los microquirópteros son quienes mayor incidencia de esta anomalía presentan, siendo representados por un 50 % de los casos por la familia Phyllostomidae. Por tal razón, se planteó como objetivo del estudio documentar reportes de murciélagos con leucismo dentro de la Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini (EBT). Para esto, cada individuo fue recolectado mientras se realizaban otros estudios. Cada uno de los individuos fue capturado en redes de neblina en diferentes puntos de la EBT y sobre el río del mismo nombre, para luego tomar datos morfométricos e identificarlos. En esta investigación se reportan por primera vez para Ecuador y Latinoamérica individuos que padecen de esta despigmentación anormal en Vampyressa thyone, Uroderma bilobatum, Artibeus obscurus y Noctilio albiventris. Al respecto, se ha logrado identificar que una posible razón por la cual el leucismo se ha hecho presente en el país es la ampliación de fronteras de bloques petroleros, lo que ha causado un aumento en la deforestación y, por tanto, en la pérdida de microhábitat y de sitios de alimentación. Se sugiere un monitoreo más frecuente de las poblaciones de murciélagos en la EBT para conocer mejor la frecuencia de esta anomalía, en especial, de estas tres especies. Estos datos permitirán entender lo que está pasando dentro de la EBT y las razones principales por los que esta anomalía está presente en el lugar.
The impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the landforms and landscapes of mountains and their forelands
Authors: Prokop Paweł , Kijowska-Strugała Małgorzata , Wiejaczka Łukasz
Published: May 2023

This paper is an introduction to a collection of nine studies that are intended to fill the gap in the literature associated with landform development and landscape changes related to natural forces and human activities in the Central European Mountains and their close forelands. The papers are grouped into four general categories that describe the influence of climate on glacial landforms and snow avalanches, the evolution of slopes in high mountains, the development of mid-mountain relief, and changes in fluvial systems in mountains and their forelands. This paper summarises the contributions of these studies to this special issue and attempts to outline possible avenues of future research on landforms and landscapes in mountainous areas.
Contemporary degradation of steep rock slopes in the periglacial zone of the Tatra Mts., Poland
Authors: Gądek Bogdan , Kajdas Joanna , Krawiec Klaudia
Published: May 2023

This study presents the results of the first large-area monitoring of steep slopes in the Tatra Mountains. In the research, we used terrestrial laser scanning methods and GIS tools. We also performed crack density measurements. The results obtained demonstrate that the rate of change of slopes under the influence of weathering and rockfall processes is very variable both in time and space. The rate of retreat of 4 steep adjacent granitoid slopes over the same period ranged from 0.00013 ma-1 to 0.004 ma-1. The spatial variation in the number and size of cavities was related primarily to the cracks density.
Cylowa Zerwa landslide – debris flow forms on Mount Babia Góra (1725) and their development over the last ca. 150 years, Western Carpathians
Authors: Łajczak Adam , Margielewski Włodzimierz , Zielonka Tomasz , Pasierbek Tomasz , Lamorski Tomasz , Kozina Piotr , Izworska Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

Cylowa Zerwa landslide – debris flow located on the northern slope of Mt. Babia Góra (1725 m a.s.l.) within the 400 m wide altitude interval (1430-1024 m a.s.l.) is a knowable object which however has not been sufficiently noticed in geomorphological research. This paper, based on geomorphological, geological and dendrochronological investigations, as well as LiDAR data analysis, develops the following issues which describe the functioning of this object during the last ca. 150 years: Cylowa Zerwa in the gravity induced mass movements system of Mt. Babia Góra; relief of the landslide – debris flow and surrounding areas; stages of changes in limit and relief of the mass movement area during the last 150 years; relief elements of the Cylowa Zerwa which are related to debris flow; relationship between dates of the Cylowa Zerwa activation with annual spruce increments. The Cylowa Zerwa, as the only one among Mt. Babia Góra landslides studied, is distinguished by a clear bipartite relief – the upper segment is represented by rock packages, whereas landforms of the middle and lower segments are similar to those originated in the conditions of debris flow. The Cylowa Zerwa landslide – debris flow shows significant education values and it is a remarkable geotourist object.
Causes and mechanisms of the disappearance of braided channel patterns (the example of the Białka River, Western Carpathians)
Authors: Gorczyca Elżbieta , Krzemień Kazimierz , Łyp Michał , Strużyński Andrzej
Published: May 2023

The channels of multi-threaded (braided) rivers occur commonly in areas that fulfill certain conditions such as substantial influx of bed material and gradients large enough to create significant energy of flowing water. Natural conditions favoring the formation of multithreaded channels are present in the Carpathians in Poland in Podhale – a large basin located in the piedmont area of the high-mountain Tatra massif. The area had experienced glaciation in the Pleistocene. Yet the 20th century – and especially its second half – was a period of rapid and irreversible elimination of braided channels across the region. The Białka is considered to be the last braided river in the Carpathians in Poland. Many parameters like: structure (morphologic reach sequence), degree of braiding (BI index, W/D) and also a number of hydrodynamic ones (unit stream power, critical stress, shear stress, others) were investigated in order to assess a current stage of development of the Białka river channel. The Białka river channel appears to be a complex system with a differentiated structure. Its channel system is a mosaic of different types described by the following sequence: straight-sinuous-braided. It represents an intermediate type that is somewhere between a single- and a multi-threaded channel. Future evolution of the Białka river channel appears to include further degradation and transformation into a poorer channel ecosystem.
Peer learning model in speech-language pathology student practicals in South Africa: A pilot study
Authors: Coutts K , Barber N
Published: May 2023

Background. Given the current challenges of decreased clinical resources and the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on clinical training at sites, a shift inteaching models for practical placements for speech-language pathology (SLP) students in South Africa (SA) was required. The peer learning model thathas been trialled in the physiotherapy and nursing professions was piloted for this cohort of students to combat these restrictions.Objectives. To determine whether the peer learning model is an optimal supervision framework for final-year SLP students in the SA context for theadult neurology practical.Methods. This was a qualitative study that used a cohort of final-year SLP students. Once ethical clearance was obtained, data collection commencedusing various instruments, including self-reflection tools, questionnaires and pre- and post-interviews. Data were analysed using a top-down approachwhereby themes were generated and then further analysed.Results. Four themes emerged: power dynamics, theoretical skills, clinical skills and professionalism. Power dynamics was a novel finding of this studyand showed how a shift in power dynamics can facilitate the development of clinical skills. Peer learning appeared to improve clinical integration andclinical skills, including clinical writing and self-reflection.Conclusions. The piloting of the peer learning model appeared to be a success for final-year SLP students in an outpatient adult neurology setting. Thefindings from this study can assist in furthering studies in this context
Promoting self-awareness and conflict management skills in a multicultural setting
Authors: Malherbe K
Published: May 2023

Background. Currently, there is a limited perception of how undergraduate students deal with day-to-day conflict. Previous research focusedon conflict resolution strategies, but there is a significant need to understand the nature of conflict as it relates to personality styles. The studyformed part of the teaching of transferable and communication skills combined with a conflict resolution intervention in third-year radiographystudents.Objectives. To promote self-awareness among students and help them to develop conflict management skills to prepare them for their future team-basedprofessional roles.Methods. The study adopted a mixed-method design, focusing on the qualitative results during the reflection period. The third-year radiographystudents were invited to participate in the study. Those who volunteered were provided with an information leaflet and informed consent document.Results. The results indicated two main personality types among the 14 participants, where 30.8% reported as ESFJ (extroverted, sensing, feelingand judging) and 30.8% as ISFJ (introverted, sensing, feeling and judging). The qualitative results indicated that students experienced an increasedawareness of their own and their co-students’ personality types and consequently approached conflict management differently. Reference to socioculturaldifferences also surfaced.Conclusion. The assessment process provided valuable insights into differences and cultural norms associated with personality traits. Results alsohighlighted the need for faculty awareness and focus relating to variations in personality, emotional needs and intrapersonal reflection.
The approach to undergraduate research projects at Namibia’s first School of Medicine
Authors: Kandingo MA , Wessels Q , Shipingana LNN , Katali OKH
Published: May 2023

Background. The integration of undergraduate research (UR) in biomedical curricula has gained much interest.Objective. To investigate the research focus of compulsory UR in the medical curriculum of the University of Namibia’s School of Medicine.Methods. A retrospective mixed-methods document review was performed on 42 research projects using the 5C framework that assessed students’ abilityto Cite, Compare, Contrast, Critique and Connect in their research reports.Results. Students’ research projects focused on internal medicine (29%; n=12), paediatrics (26%; n=11), obstetrics and gynaecology (19%; n=8), surgery(10%; n=4), psychiatry (5%; n=2) and oncology (2%; n=1). A final category is other, which included health professions education and anatomy (10%; n=4).Students’ reports had aims, objectives or goals that were correctly done. Students’ review of the literature reflected their ability to cite relevant scholarlyworks and to compare these by highlighting agreements or disagreements. Contrasting and critiquing research findings proved to be challenging.Conclusion. Findings from the current study indicate variability in the degree of students’ research competence. It appears that the elements of criticalthinking and appraisal require further strengthening within the existing curriculum
An atypical presentation of non-IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy associated with Staphylococcus aureus: A case study
Authors: Mabelane T , Khaba MC , Kirangu E
Published: May 2023

Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies in the first years of life. CMA is classified as immunoglobulin E (IgE)or non-IgE-mediated reactions. IgE-mediated reactions are typically of immediate onset, with symptoms manifesting within 2 hours after ingestion. However, non-IgE-mediated reactions are delayed and mostly occur between 2 and 48 hours post exposure. This report describes a 17-year-old who presented with a long-standing history of pustular lesions immediately after cow’s milk ingestion. Allergy tests, which included skin-prick test (SPT); specific IgE to cow’s milk; cow’s milk IgE components; and Cellular antigen stimulation test (CAST) yielded insignificant results. However, an oral food challenge resulted in pustular lesions and abdominal pain within 30 and 120 minutes, respectively. A swab from a pustule cultured Staphylococcus aureus. CMA was confirmed and managed with dietary restriction. It is uncommon for non- IgE reactions to occur with immediate symptoms. S. aureus may be associated with atypical skin manifestation of CMA.
A review of spinal muscular atrophy in black South African paediatric patients
Authors: Flack K , Hauptfleisch MPK , Scher LG
Published: May 2023

Background. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder that is present in all populations andresults in muscle weakness owing to anterior horn cell degeneration. SMA is divided into three clinical subtypes and is an importantgenetic cause of morbidity and mortality but has not been well studied in sub-Saharan Africa.Objective. This study aims to describe the clinical features and genetic findings in black patients with SMA presenting to the Division ofPaediatric Neurology at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) over a 30-year period.Method. This study was a retrospective review of patient records. The study population was black paediatric neurology patients withclinical SMA, who attended CHBAH Neurology Clinic between 1988 and 2018. Patients were categorised into SMA type 1, 2 or 3 basedon their neurology assessment and clinical features were recorded.Results. The clinical findings in the study population (with SMA), i.e. hypotonia, areflexia and tongue fasciculations, were similar to those found in international studies. More than half of the patients (65.6%; n=86/131) had genetic tests, of which 84.8% were positive for SMA. This value was significantly higher than previously reported results from South Africa. At least 23.6% (n=31/131) had facial involvement.Conclusions. This study adds to the limited body of research on SMA in sub-Saharan Africa and highlights the lower frequency of ahomozygous deletion seen in the black South African population compared with the expected 95% worldwide.
Première mention de la famille Eurypauropodidae (Myriapoda : Pauropoda) au Canada
Authors: Brousseau Pierre-Marc
Published: May 2023

Malgré son importance et les nombreux services écologiques qu’elle rend, la faune des myriapodes est peu étudiée dans l’est du Canada, et plusieurs espèces demeurent inconnues. L’ auteur rapporte la première mention québécoise et canadienne du pauropode Eurypauropus spinosus Ryder, 1879, le premier représentant de la famille Eurypauropodidae au pays. S’il s’agit de la huitième espèce québécoise de pauropodes, plusieurs restent probablement à découvrir.
Creating non-discriminatory Artificial Intelligence systems: balancing the tensions between code granularity and the general nature of legal rules
Authors: Soriano Arnanz Alba
Published: May 2023

Over the past decade, concern has grown regarding the risks generated by the use of artificial intelligence systems. One of the main problems associated with the use of these systems is the harm they have been proven to cause to the fundamental right to equality and non-discrimination. In this context, it is vital that we examine existing and proposed regulatory instruments that aim to address this particular issue, especially taking into consideration the difficulties of applying the abstract nature that typically characterises legal instruments and, in particular, the equality and non-discrimination legal framework, to the specific instructions that are needed when coding an artificial intelligence instrument that aims to be non-discriminatory. This paper focuses on examining how article 10 of the new EU Artificial Intelligence Act proposal may be the starting point for a new form of regulation that adapts to the needs of algorithmic systems.
Regional Skill Councils Blueprint. Building an Ecosystem for 21st Century Skills Education in STEM
Authors: Līce Anita , Kamola Līga , Zrnic Nenad , Ejubovic Adisa , Lapiņa Inga , Gaile-Sarkane Elīna
Published: May 2023

The Regional Skill Councils Blueprint report aims to facilitate understanding, identifying, and developing 21st-century skills through multi-stakeholder collaborative efforts in region-specific and labour-market-relevant contexts. The report details the modalities and aspects of setting up a successful diverse multi-stakeholder constellation tasked with assessing and developing 21st-century skills guided by the labour market needs, technology trends and any differences stemming from gender. A blueprint for stakeholder engagement is a model for cooperation between higher education institutions and employers, provides a clear roadmap of engagement opportunities and potential action for all involved higher education and industry stakeholders.
The Development of New Methods for the Synthesis of PLP- Dependent Enzyme Inhibitors and Exploring Covalent Inhibition Potential of Bacterial Enzyme O-acetylserine Sulfhydrylase
Authors:   , Grammatoglou Konstantinos
Published: May 2023

The Thesis is a collection of scientific publications focused on the synthesis of triF-Ala analogues as potential inhibitors of PLP-dependent enzyme OASS and the development of methods for the synthesis of PLP-dependent enzyme inhibitors. Direct C–H functionalization of tetrazoles was achieved using the turbo Grignard reagent (iPrMgClꞏLiCl). In addition, an electrochemically removable protecting group was used on tetrazoles, and the use of enantiomeric t-butanesulfinyl imines as electrophiles can deliver the corresponding addition products in diastereoselective manner.
Pancreatic tumors exhibit myeloid-driven amino acid stress and upregulate arginine biosynthesis
Authors: Apiz Saab Juan J , Dzierozynski Lindsey N , Jonker Patrick B , AminiTabrizi Roya , Shah Hardik , Menjivar Rosa Elena , Scott Andrew J , Nwosu Zeribe C , Zhu Zhou , Chen Riona N , Oh Moses , Sheehan Colin , Wahl Daniel R , Pasca di Magliano Marina , Lyssiotis Costas A , Macleod Kay F , Weber Christopher R , Muir Alexander
Published: May 2023

Nutrient stress in the tumor microenvironment requires cancer cells to adopt adaptive metabolic programs for survival and proliferation. Therefore, knowledge of microenvironmental nutrient levels and how cancer cells cope with such nutrition is critical to understand the metabolism underpinning cancer cell biology. Previously, we performed quantitative metabolomics of the interstitial fluid (the local perfusate) of murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors to comprehensively characterize nutrient availability in the microenvironment of these tumors. Here, we develop Tumor Interstitial Fluid Medium (TIFM), a cell culture medium that contains nutrient levels representative of the PDAC microenvironment, enabling us to study PDAC metabolism ex vivo under physiological nutrient conditions. We show that PDAC cells cultured in TIFM adopt a cellular state closer to that of PDAC cells present in tumors compared to standard culture models. Further, using the TIFM model, we found arginine biosynthesis is active in PDAC and allows PDAC cells to maintain levels of this amino acid despite microenvironmental arginine depletion. We also show that myeloid derived arginase activity is largely responsible for the low levels of arginine in PDAC tumors. Altogether, these data indicate that nutrient availability in tumors is an important determinant of cancer cell metabolism and behavior, and cell culture models that incorporate physiological nutrient availability have improved fidelity to in vivo systems and enable the discovery of novel cancer metabolic phenotypes.
Contrasting action and posture coding with hierarchical deep neural network models of proprioception
Authors: Sandbrink Kai J , Mamidanna Pranav , Michaelis Claudio , Bethge Matthias , Mathis Mackenzie Weygandt , Mathis Alexander
Published: May 2023

Biological motor control is versatile, efficient, and depends on proprioceptive feedback. Muscles are flexible and undergo continuous changes, requiring distributed adaptive control mechanisms that continuously account for the body’s state. The canonical role of proprioception is representing the body state. We hypothesize that the proprioceptive system could also be critical for high-level tasks such as action recognition. To test this theory, we pursued a task-driven modeling approach, which allowed us to isolate the study of proprioception. We generated a large synthetic dataset of human arm trajectories tracing characters of the Latin alphabet in 3D space, together with muscle activities obtained from a musculoskeletal model and model-based muscle spindle activity. Next, we compared two classes of tasks: trajectory decoding and action recognition, which allowed us to train hierarchical models to decode either the position and velocity of the end-effector of one’s posture or the character (action) identity from the spindle firing patterns. We found that artificial neural networks could robustly solve both tasks, and the networks’ units show tuning properties similar to neurons in the primate somatosensory cortex and the brainstem. Remarkably, we found uniformly distributed directional selective units only with the action-recognition-trained models and not the trajectory-decoding-trained models. This suggests that proprioceptive encoding is additionally associated with higher-level functions such as action recognition and therefore provides new, experimentally testable hypotheses of how proprioception aids in adaptive motor control.
GENIUS: GEnome traNsformatIon and spatial representation of mUltiomicS data
Authors: Sokač Mateo , Dyrskjøt Lars , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Birkbak Nicolai J
Published: May 2023

The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed cancer research. As costs have decreased, NGS has increasingly been applied to generate multiple layers of molecular data from the same samples, covering genomics, transcriptomics, and methylomics. Integrating these types of multi-omics data in a combined analysis is now becoming a common issue with no obvious solution, often handled on an ad-hoc basis, with multi-omics data arriving in a tabular format and analyzed using computationally intensive statistical methods. These methods particularly ignore the spatial orientation of the genome and often apply stringent p-value corrections that likely result in the loss of true positive associations. Here, we present GENIUS (GEnome traNsformatIon and spatial representation of mUltiomicS data), a framework for integrating multi-omics data using deep learning models developed for advanced image analysis. The GENIUS framework is able to transform multi-omics data into images with genes displayed as spatially connected pixels and successfully extract relevant information with respect to the desired output. Here, we demonstrate the utility of GENIUS by applying the framework to multi-omics datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results are focused on predicting the development of metastatic cancer from primary tumours, and demonstrate how through model inference, we are able to extract the genes which are driving the model prediction and likely associated with metastatic disease progression. We anticipate our framework to be a starting point and strong proof of concept for multi-omics data transformation and analysis without the need for statistical correction.
Coupling of Slack and NaV1.6 sensitizes Slack to quinidine blockade and guides anti-seizure strategy development
Authors: Yuan Tian , Wang Yifan , Jin Yuchen , Xu Shuai , Zhang Heng , Chen Qian , Li Na , Ma Xinyue , Song Huifang , Peng Chao , Yang Hui , Geng Ze , Dong Jie , Duan Guifang , Sun Qi , Yang Yang , Yang Fan , Huang Zhuo
Published: May 2023

Quinidine has been used as an anticonvulsant to treat patients with KCNT1-related epilepsy by targeting gain-of-function KCNT1 pathogenic mutant variants. However, the detailed mechanism underlying quinidine’s blockade against KCNT1 (Slack) remains elusive. Here, we report a functional and physical coupling of the voltage-gated sodium channel Na
V
1.6 and Slack. Na
V
1.6 binds to and highly sensitizes Slack to quinidine blockade. Homozygous knockout of Na
V
1.6 reduces the sensitivity of native sodium-activated potassium currents to quinidine blockade. Na
V
1.6-mediated sensitization requires the involvement of Na
V
1.6’s N- and C-termini binding to Slack’s C-terminus, and is enhanced by transient sodium influx through Na
V
1.6. Moreover, disrupting the Slack-Na
V
1.6 interaction by viral expression of Slack’s C-terminus can protect against Slack
G269S
-induced seizures in mice. These insights about a Slack-Na
V
1.6 complex challenge the traditional view of “Slack as an isolated target” for anti-epileptic drug discovery efforts, and can guide the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for KCNT1-related epilepsy.
Somatotopic organization among parallel sensory pathways that promote a grooming sequence in Drosophila
Authors: Eichler Katharina , Hampel Stefanie , Alejandro-García Adrián , Calle-Schuler Steven A. , Santana-Cruz Alexis , Kmecova Lucia , Blagburn Jonathan M. , Hoopfer Eric D. , Seeds Andrew M.
Published: May 2023

Mechanosensory neurons located across the body surface respond to tactile stimuli and elicit diverse behavioral responses, from relatively simple stimulus location-aimed movements to complex movement sequences. How mechanosensory neurons and their postsynaptic circuits influence such diverse behaviors remains unclear. We previously discovered that
Drosophila
perform a body location-prioritized grooming sequence when mechanosensory neurons at different locations on the head and body are simultaneously stimulated by dust (Hampel et al., 2017; Seeds et al., 2014). Here, we identify nearly all mechanosensory neurons on the
Drosophila
head that individually elicit aimed grooming of specific head locations, while collectively eliciting a whole head grooming sequence. Different tracing methods were used to reconstruct the projections of these neurons from different locations on the head to their distinct arborizations in the brain. This provides the first synaptic resolution somatotopic map of a head, and defines the parallel-projecting mechanosensory pathways that elicit head grooming.
Mesotrode allows chronic simultaneous mesoscale cortical imaging and subcortical or peripheral nerve spiking activity recording in mice
Authors: Xiao Dongsheng , Yan Yuhao , Murphy Timothy H
Published: May 2023

Brain function originates from hierarchical spatial-temporal neural dynamics distributed across cortical and subcortical networks. However, techniques available to assess large-scale brain network activity with single-neuron resolution in behaving animals remain limited. Here, we present Mesotrode that integrates chronic wide-field mesoscale cortical imaging and compact multi-site cortical/subcortical cellular electrophysiology in head-fixed mice that undergo self-initiated running or orofacial movements. Specifically, we harnessed the flexibility of chronic multi-site tetrode recordings to monitor single-neuron activity in multiple subcortical structures while simultaneously imaging the mesoscale activity of the entire dorsal cortex. A mesoscale spike-triggered averaging procedure allowed the identification of cortical activity motifs preferentially associated with single-neuron spiking. Using this approach, we were able to characterize chronic single-neuron-related functional connectivity maps for up to 60 days post-implantation. Neurons recorded from distinct subcortical structures display diverse but segregated cortical maps, suggesting that neurons of different origins participate in distinct cortico-subcortical pathways. We extended the capability of Mesotrode by implanting the micro-electrode at the facial motor nerve and found that facial nerve spiking is functionally associated with the PTA, RSP, and M2 network, and optogenetic inhibition of the PTA area significantly reduced the facial movement of the mice. These findings demonstrate that Mesotrode can be used to sample different combinations of cortico-subcortical networks over prolonged periods, generating multimodal and multi-scale network activity from a single implant, offering new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying specific behaviors.