bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetohydrodynamic flow of continuous dusty particles and non-Newtonian Darcy fluids between parallel plates
Authors: Attia Hazem Ali , Ewis Karem Mahmoud
Published: June 2019

The coupled unsteady power-law conducting fluid flow and continuous dusty viscous fluid flow under the influence of magnetic field are solved using the finite difference method. The resistive forces of Darcy porous medium and the external uniform magnetic field are applied on the flow. The second-order accurate finite difference schemes are applied on the coupled governing equations to transform the non-linear partial differential equations to linearized system of algebraic equations. This system is solved iteratively using the generalized Thomas algorithm. Some results are introduced to study the convergence and stability of the present works. The effects of non-Newtonian fluid, continuous dusty particles, Darcy model on the velocity field, and friction factor of both the fluid and dust particles phases are demonstrated.
Healthcare professionals’ perceptions of risky health behaviours: A qualitative evaluation of preventative measures for populations with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Keyte Rebecca , Egan Helen , Mantzios Michail
Published: June 2019

Objectives

Previous qualitative data highlight why individuals with Cystic Fibrosis may be motivated to initiate in risky behaviours (smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and illicit drug use). To inform interventions aimed to reduce the occurrence of risky behaviours, we investigated how Cystic Fibrosis health care professionals perceive the issue of risky behaviours, providing insight into what interventions could work in practice.

Methods

This research had two phases of data collection. In phase one, nine Cystic Fibrosis Specialist Nurses participated in a semi-structured interview via telephone. In phase two, health care professionals, who work within a Cystic Fibrosis multi-disciplinary team, participated in a dissemination meeting.

Results

Cystic Fibrosis health care professionals identified that although risky behaviours were a major concern within the Cystic Fibrosis population, education regarding the adverse health effects of such behaviours is not embedded within practice, with the issue of risky behaviours being addressed on an individualised basis. Health care professionals suggested that they would welcome interventions, and that such interventions first need to raise health care professionals awareness and knowledge regarding risky behaviours before focusing upon patients.

Discussion

Within this research, health care professionals provided practical insight into the need for policy change for the prevention and reduction of risky behaviours by informing current advice and practice.
Embodied Scholarship: A Performance History of William Richard Waldron’s Lizzie Leigh; or, The Murder Near the Old Mill (1863)
Authors: Recchio Thomas
Published: June 2019

Through a reflective account of the process by which William Richard Waldron’s Lizzie Leigh was staged by the Theatre Caucus at the 2018 North American Victorian Studies Association conference held in St Petersburg, Florida, I hope to present a picture of what it might mean to figure scholarship as an act of embodiment through performance as both a stimulus for and a mode of inquiry. Towards that end, I offer a process narrative that tracks the selection, editing, infrastructure planning, rehearsal, and performance of the play in an effort to capture the intentional, inadvertent, and retrospective avenues of inquiry that emerged through that process, with an emphasis on tracking as fully as possible the performance history of the play, of which the North American Victorian Studies Association performance became a part. In addition to documenting the performance history of the play in Victorian Britain, I will also document the career of the play’s author in relation to the changes in decade and in venue of performances of the play in order to suggest the appeal and staying power of an under-valued piece of Victorian theatrical culture that still can speak to audiences today.
Loeys–Dietz syndrome in pregnancy
Authors: Thomas Katharine E , Hogan Jennifer , Pitcher Alex , Mackillop Lucy , Blair Edward , Frise Charlotte J
Published: June 2019

Loeys–Dietz syndrome is a recently described condition which causes cardiovascular, craniofacial, neurocognitive and skeletal abnormalities due to mutations in components of the transforming growth factor-β signalling pathway. Associated vascular abnormalities include vessel tortuosity and an increased incidence of vascular dissection. Pregnancy increases the risk of aortic dissection compared to non-pregnant individuals and an underlying condition such as Loeys–Dietz syndrome increases this further. While aortic dissection is well described in pregnancy in Loeys–Dietz syndrome, some women can have uncomplicated deliveries, particularly when the risks of the condition are actively managed. Such pregnancies should be considered high-risk, and women should be counselled and managed accordingly. Here we describe two pregnancies in one woman, both with successful outcomes, followed by a summary of the key management principles.
Infrared 3D Thermography for Inflammation Detection in Diabetic Foot Disease: A Proof of Concept
Authors: van Doremalen Rob F. M. , van Netten Jaap J. , van Baal Jeff G. , Vollenbroek-Hutten Miriam M. R. , van der Heijden Ferdinand
Published: June 2019

Background:

Thermal assessment of the plantar surface of the foot using spot thermometers and thermal imaging has been proven effective in diabetic foot ulcer prevention. However, with traditional cameras this is limited to single spots or a two-dimensional (2D) view of the plantar side of foot, where only 50% of the ulcers occur. To improve ulcer detection, the view has to be extended beyond 2D. Our aim is to explore for proof of concept the combination of three-dimensional (3D) models with thermal imaging for inflammation detection in diabetic foot disease.

Method:

From eight participants with a current diabetic foot ulcer we simultaneously acquired a 3D foot model and three thermal infrared images using a high-resolution medical 3D imaging system aligned with three smartphone-based thermal infrared cameras. Using spatial transformations, we aimed to map thermal images onto the 3D model, to create the 3D visualizations. Expert clinicians assessed these for quality and face validity as +, +/-, -.

Results:

We could replace the texture maps (color definitions) of the 3D model with the thermal infrared images and created the first-ever 3D thermographs of the diabetic foot. We then converted these models to 3D PDF-files compatible with the hospital IT environment. Face validity was assessed as + in six and +/- in two cases.

Conclusions:

We have provided a proof of concept for the creation of clinically useful 3D thermal foot images to assess the diabetic foot skin temperature in 3D in a hospital IT environment. Future developments are expected to improve the image-processing techniques to result in easier, handheld applications and driving further research.
Decisions in the Psychology of Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Reach Gérard
Published: June 2019

This commentary aims to discuss the parallels between nonadherence to continuous glucose level monitoring and nonadherence to medication in people with diabetes and to investigate specific reasons for the difficulties involved in glucose monitoring. To this end, examples are given from both continuous and discontinuous glucose monitoring (CGM and SMBG, respectively).
Protective effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress on calcification of VSMCs induced by high glucose and its effect on expression of GRP78, CHOP, and Caspase-12
Authors: Xu Jingping , Wu Dawei , Li Xiaoli , Zhu Haiying , Teng Xu , Xu Peiying
Published: June 2019

This article investigates the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in high-glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) calcification and to explore its effects on the expression of GRP78, CHOP, and Caspase-12.VSMCs were treated with high glucose (35 mmoL/L) to induce diabetes to see whether high glucose can induce ERS. Changes in alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) were measured. After 5 days’ treatment, the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content, and Runx2 expression of the bone differentiation marker protein were all up-regulated in the β-glycerophosphate group, the high-glucose group, and the β-glycerophosphate + high-glucose group when compared with the control group. High-glucose treatment of VSMCs can cause ERS and apoptosis and induces transdifferentiation of VSMCs into osteoblast-like cells, resulting in increased basal phosphatase activity, up-regulation of calcium content, and bone differentiation markers in VSMCs. The findings confirm that ERS plays an important role in the calcification of VSMCs.
‘Burn it down!’: Materialising intersectional solidarities in the architecture of the South African Embassy during the London Poll Tax Riot, March 1990
Authors: Brown Gavin
Published: June 2019

This paper offers a new way of conceptualising how intersectional solidarities are actualised. It recounts and theorises an outbreak of radical internationalism, when working class struggles in Britain and South Africa were unexpectedly linked. It examines how intersectional solidarity was materialised through a process of coming together against the architectural fabric of the South African Embassy and considers the interwoven temporalities that enabled this action to occur. On 31 March 1990, nearly a quarter of a million people demonstrated in London against the Poll Tax that was due to take effect in England and Wales the following day. On the day, the Metropolitan Police lost control of an already enraged crowd and provoked a large scale riot that engulfed the West End of London for several hours. In the midst of the riot, during a short retreat by the police, protesters took the opportunity to attack the South African Embassy in Trafalgar Square – many windows were broken and an attempt was made to set the building alight. Drawing on interviews with former anti-apartheid protesters who were present on that day (and who had concluded a four-year long Non-Stop Picket of the embassy a month earlier), this paper explores and analyses their memories of that unexpected moment when their previously symbolic call to ‘burn it down’ was (almost) materialised. In doing so, it contributes new ways of conceptualising the spatiality and temporality of intersectional solidarity.
Qualitative Investigation of Community Pharmacy Immunization Enhancement Program Implementation
Authors: Huston Sally A. , Ha David R. , Hohmann Lindsey A. , Hastings Tessa J. , Garza Kimberly B. , Westrick Salisa C.
Published: June 2019

Background: Despite widely available nonseasonal immunization services in community pharmacies, actual pharmacist-administered vaccines are not yet optimal. A flexible choice multicomponent intervention, the “We Immunize” program, was implemented in Alabama and California community pharmacies, with the goal to enhance pneumococcal and zoster immunization delivery. Limited research has been done to qualitatively understand factors influencing immunization service expansion. Objective: Explore pharmacist perceptions of the We Immunize program in terms of its acceptability, impact, and real-world feasibility, and pharmacist-perceived facilitators and barriers influencing success in immunization delivery enhancement. Methods: This practice-focused qualitative research used semistructured telephone interviews with 14 pharmacists at the completion of the 6-month intervention. Results: Major program implementation facilitators were technician inclusion, workflow changes, training and feedback, goal setting, and enhanced personal selling and marketing activities. Multiple pharmacies increased the number of delivered pneumococcal and zoster immunizations, and increased revenue. Many pharmacists felt professional image, knowledge, skills, roles, and personal satisfaction were enhanced, as were technician knowledge, skills, and roles. Program flexibility, along with multiple perceived benefits, increases the potential for success. Conclusions: The We Immunize program appears to have been viewed positively by participating pharmacists and was seen as having a beneficial impact on immunization delivery in the community pharmacies in which it was implemented.
No Benefit of Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on 10-km Running Performance
Authors: EVANS MARK , MCSWINEY FIONN T. , BRADY AIDAN J. , EGAN BRENDAN
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Preexercise ingestion of exogenous ketones alters the metabolic response to exercise, but effects on exercise performance have been equivocal.

Methods

On two occasions in a double-blind, randomized crossover design, eight endurance-trained runners performed 1 h of submaximal exercise at approximately 65% V˙O2max immediately followed by a 10-km self-paced time trial (TT) on a motorized treadmill. An 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution was consumed before and during exercise, either alone (CHO + PLA), or with 573 mg·kg−1 of a ketone monoester supplement (CHO + KME). Expired air, HR, and RPE were monitored during submaximal exercise. Serial venous blood samples were assayed for plasma glucose, lactate, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations.

Results

CHO + KME produced plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations of approximately 1.0 to 1.3 mM during exercise (P < 0.001), but plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were similar during exercise in both trials. V˙O2, running economy, respiratory exchange ratio, HR, and RPE were also similar between trials. Performance in the 10-km TT was not different (P = 0.483) between CHO + KME (mean, 2402 s; 95% confidence interval, 2204–2600 s) and CHO + PLA (mean, 2422 s; 95% confidence interval, 2217–2628 s). Cognitive performance, measured by reaction time and a multitasking test, did not differ between trials.

Conclusions

Compared with carbohydrate alone, coingestion of KME by endurance-trained athletes elevated plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, but did not improve 10-km running TT or cognitive performance.
Area-level Socioeconomic Environment and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth
Authors: CLENNIN MORGAN N. , DOWDA MARSHA , SUI XUEMEI , PATE RUSSELL R.
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Cardiorespiratory fitness is one of the most important markers of cardiometabolic health and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality across the lifespan. However, little is known regarding the relationship of area-level socioeconomic environment on cardiorespiratory fitness during childhood and adolescence.

Purpose

To examine the relationship between area-level socioeconomic environment and cardiorespiratory fitness in a diverse sample of school-age youth; and to determine the extent to which grade level, sex, race/ethnicity, and student poverty status moderate this relationship.

Methods

South Carolina FitnessGram data for school year 2015 to 2016 were obtained for 44,078 youth. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined using Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run or 1-mile run/walk test. Area-level socioeconomic environment was expressed as a composite index score at the census tract level using data from the American Community Survey. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted, controlling for individual-level characteristics and nesting within schools and districts. Interaction terms were then introduced to the model to examine their effect of multiple sociodemographic moderators.

Results

Approximately half of the sample had inadequate cardiorespiratory fitness for health. The odds of achieving the Healthy Fitness Zone for cardiorespiratory fitness decreased by approximately 25% to 34% with increasing deprivation of the area-level socioeconomic environment, after controlling for covariates. The association between area-level socioeconomic environment and cardiorespiratory fitness also varied significantly by sex, grade level, and race/ethnicity subgroups.

Conclusions

Cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with area-level socioeconomic environment; however, the relationship varied by demographic characteristics. These results highlight the importance of examining the influence of area-level socioeconomic environment on health across the life span. Additional research is needed to explore how area-level socioeconomic environment may impact evidence-based efforts to improve youth cardiorespiratory fitness levels.
Medical Tent Utilization at 10-km Road Races: Injury, Illness, and Influencing Factors
Authors: BRESLOW REBECCA G. , SHRESTHA SWASTINA , FEROE ALIYA G. , KATZ JEFFREY N. , TROYANOS CHRIS , COLLINS JAMIE E.
Published: June 2019

Purpose

To increase awareness of the need for coordinated medical care at 10-km races and to help direct future medical planning for these events.

Methods

We related medical encounter data from nineteen 10-km road races to runner, race, and environmental characteristics. We quantified the most commonly used resources and described the disposition of runners in these encounters.

Results

Across the 19 races and 90,265 finishers, there were 562 medical events for a cumulative incidence of 6.2 events per 1000 finishers (95% confidence interval, 5.7–6.8). Race size was associated with an increased incidence of medical events. Overall, the most common diagnosis was heat-related illness (1.6 per 1000 finishers), followed by musculoskeletal complaints (1.3 per 1000 finishers) and fluid–electrolyte imbalances (1.2 per 1000 finishers). For all diagnoses, runners with finishing times in the first performance quintile and in the fifth performance quintile had greater representation in the medical tent than mid-pack runners. Most runners were treated with supportive care, basic first aid, and oral rehydration. Ninety-four runners (1.0 per 1000 finishers) required ice water immersion for exertional heat stroke. There were low rates of hospital transport (0.2 per 1000 finishers), and no fatalities.

Conclusions

In 10-km road races, injury rates are low compared with longer races in similar weather conditions. Common medical issues can be managed with basic resources in the on-site medical tent. Green flag start race conditions may not predict race safety with regard to exertional heat stroke risk. There were no deaths in nearly 100,000 finishers.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ВЕБ-КВЕСТА: НОВЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ОБУЧЕНИЕ АКЦЕНТОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ НОРМАМ УЧАЩИХСЯ СРЕДНИХ ШКОЛ
Authors: Ivanishcheva O. N.
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматривается отличие веб-квеста от проблемного обучения, представлен вариант проведения веб-квеста при обучении акцентологическим нормам (на примере Экспертный – экспЕртный).
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy A. P. , Choporov O. N.
Published: June 2019

В работе дан анализ самостоятельной работы студентов. Приведены результаты применения электронных технологий в самостоятельной работе.
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В ОБРАЗОВАНИИ
Authors: Pyrnova О. A. , Zaripova R. S.
Published: June 2019

Данная статья посвящена применению искусственного интеллекта в образовательной среде. Рассматриваются новейшие технологии, которые уже играют огромную роль как для преподавателей, так и для обучающихся. Также, затрагивается тема будущего искусственного интеллекта в образовании.
ФОРМЫ ИНТЕРАКТИВНЫХ МЕТОДОВ ОБУЧЕНИЯ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИМ ДИСЦИПЛИНАМ
Authors: Agapova E. G. , Popova M. T. , Lyan G. Y.
Published: June 2019

В статье приведены виды интерактивных заданий, которые применяются при обучении студентов факультета компьютерных и фундаментальных наук (ФКФН) Тихоокеанский государственный университет (ТОГУ, г. Хабаровск). Приведен анализ результатов обучения студентов на таких занятиях.
О ЗНАЧЕНИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Simonova Zh. G.
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена вопросу обучения иностранных студентов русскому языку. В работе затронуты некоторые проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются не только обучающиеся в процессе овладения русским языком как иностранным, но и преподаватели, организующие учебный процесс. Автор работы акцентирует внимание на развитии познавательной активности студентов напрямую влияющей на положительный результат обучения. В статье рассмотрены основные этапы изучения иностранного языка; приведена характеристика познавательной активности, свойственной каждому этапу; проанализированы типичные ошибки, допускаемые преподавателем и влияющие на снижение познавательного интереса обучающихся; даны рекомендации, которые помогут, по мнению автора, предупредить снижение познавательного интереса студентов в ходе овладения великим и могучим русским языком.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ WEB-РАЗРАБОТКИ
Authors: Shakirov А. A. , Zaripova R. S.
Published: June 2019

В данной работе рассматриваются и анализируются популярные разработки веб-сайтов для выявления тенденций и изменений в появлении интернет-ресурсов. Рассмотрены некоторые текущие тенденции, которые наблюдались в веб-разработке за последний год.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА У ДЕТЕЙ-СИРОТ
Authors: Minullina A. F. , Gilmutdinova I. M.
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена выявлению особенностей эмоционального интеллекта у детей-сирот. Анализ выполнен на основе сравнения характеристик эмоционального интеллекта детей, воспитывающихся в условиях детского дома, и детей, воспитывающихся в семье. Установлено, что все показатели эмоционального интеллекта у воспитанников детского дома выше, чем у детей, воспитывающихся в условиях семьи.
ПЛАСТИЧНОСТЬ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА И НЕЙРОГРАФИКА
Authors: Mokhova J. A.
Published: June 2019

Решая проблему адаптации личности, рассматривается нейрографика как инструмент изменения пластичности головного мозга.
КРИТЕРИИ СФОРМИРОВАННОСТИ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО САМОСОЗНАНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Enns E. A.
Published: June 2019

В статье раскрываются теоретические подходы к исследованию формирования профессионального самосознания студентов вуза. Представлена структура профессионального самосознания. Обосновывается система критериев сформированности компонентов профессионального самосознания.
The effect of self-regulation empowerment program training on neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia
Authors: Rahbar Karbasdehi Ebrahim , Abolghasemi Abbas , Hossein Khanzadeh Abbas Ali
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

The current study aimed at determining the effect of self-regulation empowerment program training on neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.

Subject or material and methods

The study was a semi-experimental with pretest/posttest design and a control group. The study sample was consisted of 26 students with dyscalculia in Guilan Province, Iran, 2018, selected by the convenience sampling method and assigned into two groups (one experimental and one control). To collect the data, Tower of Hanoi Task, Stroop Test, Dual N-Back Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Social Skills Rating System were used before and after the intervention. A twelve-session self-regulation empowerment program training was implemented for the experimental group.

Results

Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test were used for data analysis and Cohen’s d test measured effect extent. The results of analysis showed that the self-regulation empowerment program training improved neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.

Discussion

Students with dyscalculia are faced with various physical and psychological stressful factors, which ‎leads to decreased quality of life. Considering the relationship between neurocognitive and social skills with self-regulation, one of the methods capable of assisting the rehabilitation of the students with dyscalculia is the self-regulation empowerment training.

Conclusions

According to the findings of the research, self-regulation empowerment training can improve the neurocognitive and social skills in students with dyscalculia.
Styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with cancer
Authors: Sylwia Michałowska , Sylwia Matusewicz , Agnieszka Samochowiec
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

The experience of the disease is one of the most stressful events in human life. This results in the need to take action to solve a new, often very difficult, situation. The coping styles used by patients influence their activity, which in turn contributes to the course of the treatment process. The aim of this study is to present the results of studies that define the relationship between styles of coping with stress in patients with cancer and the level of anxiety experienced by them.

Subject or material and methods

The study included 55 patients hospitalized at the Oncology Center in Szczecin, including 28 women and 27 men. As research tools belong: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS).

Results

The analysis showed differences between men and women in terms of applied coping styles and it was proven that there is a relationship between styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with oncological diseases.

Discussion

The analysis results of the research, allows to conclude that there is a relationship between specific styles of coping with stress and the level of anxiety in patients with oncological diseases. It was confirmed that patients with cancer reveal a high level of anxiety and, moreover, that patients using an emotion-focused style present a higher level of anxiety than patients using a task-focused style or a style focused on avoidance.

Conclusions

The relationship between styles of coping with stress in patients with cancer and the level of anxiety experienced by them.
Two birds with one stone: How depression and distress in diabetes respond to antidepressants
Authors: Chauhan Dr Harshil , Pai Dr Keshava
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

As with other chronic diseases, depression is more prevalent among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Depression and diabetes-related distress adversely affects diabetes related outcomes. This study aims at identifying comprehensive effects of antidepressant treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and co-morbid depression.

Subject or material and methods

124 subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus were screened for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9). 34 subjects with PHQ score > 10 were recruited in the study. Subjects were rated on Beck’s Depressive Inventory (BDI), Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS). Subjects’ glycemic parameters – Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post-Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) and Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) were recorded. Subjects were treated with either escitalopram or mirtazapine for a period of 8 weeks. Post-intervention changes in BDI, MADRS, DDS and glycemic parameters were noted.

Results

Antidepressant treatment lead to significant improvement in depressive symptoms (reduction in BDI 19.13 ± 8.06; reduction in MADRS 17.16 ± 5.3) and diabetes related distress (reduction in DDS 17.81 ± 8.93). Significant improvements were also noticed in glycemic parameters FBS (p= 0.015) and HbA1C (p=0.004).

Discussion

Distress in diabetes leads to poor self-care and higher HbA1C, while depression predicts poorer glycemic control, more complications and higher health-care costs. Improvement in depression and distress in diabetes yields much greater benefits.

Conclusions

Antidepressant treatment with escitalopram or mirtazapine can effectively treat depression and reduce diabetes related distress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Beneficial effects are noted on glycemic parameters as well.
The assessment of neuropsychological functioning in adults with autism spectrum disorders – tackling the challenge
Authors: Wojciechowska Kaja , Walęcka Małgorzata , Wichniak Adam
Published: June 2019

Assessment of neuropsychological functioning in adults with ASD has been researched for a while now, yet there seems to be no consensus on what the actual profile of impairment in this group of patients is. Conflicting results of various studies may be connected to many factors: heterogeneity of the clinical group, changes in diagnostic criteria, applied tests and assessment methods, trouble with matching healthy controls because of individual differences in neuropsychological functioning. The aim of the following paper is to analyse the selected domains of cognitive functioning in adult ASD individuals. It seems that the most consistent findings in this group are connected to central coherence and cognitive flexibility which in turn affect social functions and repetitive behavioral patterns - two core issues of ASD patients. The implications of those findings for clinical practice and diagnostic approach to adult ASD patients are discussed. Especially in regards to high-functioning ASD individuals whose neuropsychological impairment may not show in a standard neuropsychological assessment.
Is there a relationship between therapist language use, patient defensive functioning and therapeutic alliance? A pilot study of in-session processes
Authors: Bhatia Maneet , Petraglia Jonathan , De Roten Yves , Banon Elisabeth , Despland Jean-Nicolas , Drapeau Martin , Beaulieu Leah
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

Interpretations are a key technique that distinguishes psychodynamic therapies from many other treatment modalities (1,37). Research has explored elements of interpretations (e.g., accuracy, timing, depth) and their impact on various variables such as patient defensive functioning, the therapeutic alliance and treatment outcome. However, while there is universal agreement among psychodynamic scholars and clinicians (e.g., 4,5,35) that therapists should refrain from using psychological jargon and overly technical language when making interpretations, this question had not yet been investigated empirically.

Subject or material and methods

This study examined 32 psychotherapy sessions (15 high alliance and 17 low alliance) of 17 students in therapy at a university counselling center and aimed to examine the relationship between the therapists’ verbosity when interpreting defenses, patient defensive functioning and the therapeutic alliance. Three components of therapist verbosity in interpretation of defenses (TVID) were explored: average length of interpretation, average word length per interpretation, and the total number of technical words in interpretations, to determine their relationship to the therapeutic alliance and patient defensive functioning.

Results

Results indicated no significant differences between the different components of TVID and therapeutic alliance. However, average word length of therapist interpretations was negatively associated with overall patient defensive functioning.

Discussion

While few associations were found between the language used by the therapist and patient functioning, this study suggests that interpretations need to be stated in concise manner so that patients are able to process them more easily (6). Clinical implications of these results, and directions for future research are discussed.

Conclusions

N/A (see discussion)
Lasting inhibition of creativity in highly gifted underachievers: therapeutic reflections based on negative results of a pedagogical project
Authors: Schiltz Lony
Published: June 2019

Aim of the study

The psychological and neuropsychological characteristics of gifted children and adolescents, and especially their predisposition to creativity, are analysed.

A pedagogical project was implemented with N= 108 students belonging to 4 different 10th forms of a classical secondary school. Special educational measures aimed at developing creativity, communication and teamwork of students.

Subject or material and methods

The results of the project were evaluated with the help of a mixed-methods design, combining cognitive tests, psychometric scales exploring coping strategies with anxiety and aggression, expressive tests and external evaluation criteria. Comparative pretest-posttest, correlational and multidimensional analyses were computed using non-parametric statistical procedures.

Results

Whereas highly gifted normal achievers largely took advantage from the project, there were diverging results with different sub groups of highly gifted students, in relationship with their personality traits and their former school progression.

Discussion

The concept of mentalization allowed creating meaning and understanding the ambiguities of the results.

Conclusions

Pedagogical and psychotherapeutic measures could be drawn out of the study, as well as open tracks for future research.
Risk syndromes in psychiatry: a state-of-the-art overview
Authors: Raballo Andrea , Mechelli Alessandro , Menculini Giulia , Tortorella Alfonso
Published: June 2019

Early identification and timely intervention are crucial issues in contemporary psychiatry, both in terms of improved outcome and optimal treatment delivery as well as service reform. Although the field has advanced substantially in the last 25 years, there is a constant need to revise and ponder the core constructs that have been developed and field-tested. This is even more important given that early identification relies on the timely discernment and recognition of a variety of symptomatic presentations which are typically subclinical in terms of intensity or frequency of signs and symptoms. This overview will offer an updated conceptual map of the field.
Editorial
Authors: Cyranka Katarzyna
Published: June 2019

These are newly published articles within a journal not yet assigned to a print issue, but available online. The Online First service lets users access peer-reviewed articles well before print publication. These articles are searchable and citable by their DOI (Digital Object Identifier). With Online First publication the time it takes for critical discoveries to reach the research community is significantly reduced. Users will be able to access online first articles via the separate page.
Have a great read!

These are newly published articles within a journal not yet assigned to a print issue, but available online. The Online First service lets users access peer-reviewed articles well before print publication. These articles are searchable and citable by their DOI (Digital Object Identifier). With Online First publication the time it takes for critical discoveries to reach the research community is significantly reduced. Users will be able to access online first articles via the separate page.
Have a great read!
Polskie tłumaczenie napisowe w 1930 roku
Authors: Plewa Elżbieta
Published: June 2019

Polish Subtitling in 1930

Film subtitle translation, contrary to frequently quoted opinions, did not start with the introduction of sound in films, which occurred in Poland in the 1929/30 cinema season. Prior to that, in the silent cinema period, captions were a tried and tested way of delivering content to the viewer. And these silent movie captions were translated. Copies of various foreign films with Polish subtitles have even been preserved instead of the ones with the original wording. Imitating subtitles for silent films, another form of film translation began to appear in films with sound and dialogue. These were the so-called intertitles. The next way of presenting foreign content was a subtitle, which began modern film subtitling. This article concerns film subtitle translation typical of films in Poland in 1930. It endeavours to show the development of Polish film subtitle translation in its initial phase. The article contains previously unpublished pictures of film subtitles from the discussed period, which come from original archival research.
O (politycznych) mechanizmach selekcji tekstów literackich dla czytelnika zagranicznego
Authors: Solová Regina
Published: June 2019

Political Mechanisms of the Selection of Literary Texts for Foreign Readers. Example of the Monthly Polska: czasopismo ilustrowane in the 1950s The monthly Polska: czasopismo ilustrowane [Poland: an illustrated magazine] was created in 1954 as a tool to promote the achievements of the People’s Republic of Poland abroad. It was translated into English, French, Spanish, German and Russian. The article presents an analysis of the mechanisms of the selection of literary texts for the magazine in the context of changes that took place in the country’s socio-political life in the 1950s. The freedom of choice allowed to the publishers remained within the limits defined by the authorities. The selection of texts depended, among others, on their authors’ state awards and on the plain fact that they had been formerly accepted for printing in the domestic market. The „thaw” in Poland led to changes in the way of selecting texts in the monthly. From 1956, the magazine began to present previously banned authors, who criticized the political system and wrote works in opposition to socialist realism. However, the propaganda goals of the authorities were not abandoned. The orientation of the contents was supposed to show the authorities of the People’s Republic of Poland in a positive light, discredit the government in exile and emphasize the friendship between Poland and the USSR.
Starzenie się przekładów: zmiany języka czy norm tłumaczeniowych?
Authors: Lewicki Roman
Published: June 2019

What can Make Translations Appear Older: Changes in Language or in Translation Norms?

The article attempts to address the phenomenon of aging translations, especially literary ones, which has not been sufficiently analysed in translation research. The description is based on the framework of double dependence of a translation: dependence on the original on the one hand, and on the communicative requirements of reception on the other. Based on the classification of texts according to the diachronic aspect (Jäger), one can attribute translation aging to two reasons: to the evolution of the target language together with the changes in the adopted way of constructing literary narration, which is influenced by changes of literary epochs, and to the change in translation norms. These two factors are illustrated with the materials drawn from early translations of Russian literary works into Polish, especially those by Anton Chekhov. As it turns out, even though translation units can be archaic on all levels of language, the process of translation aging is determined to the greatest extent by semantic factors. The analysis of changes in old translation norms shows a high degree of variability in translation techniques used in early translations. The classification of the types of translation norms by Komissarov was applied in the analysis to prove that translation aging is mainly due to changes in the target language norms of formulating translations, especially the pragmatic norm.
Wyzwania wersyfikacyjne w przekładach poezji arabskiej na polski i polskiej na arabski
Authors: Siwiec Paweł
Published: June 2019

Versification Challenges in Arabic-to-Polish and Polish-to-Arabic Translations of Poetry As it is widely known, a poem is not just semantics, metaphors, similes and sophisticated vocabulary. It is also a particular prosodic structure through which it is possible at all to determine whether one deals with verse or prose. Besides, the form of a given poem, and especially the way the poem is divided into verses, always remains in some relationship with its semantic content. Therefore, it seems obvious that the formal structure of a poem should not be ignored.The paper analyses to what extent translations of Arabic poetry into Polish as well as Polish poetry into Arabic include the prosodic structure of the original works.
Does risk-based decision-making present an ‘epistemic trap’ for climate change policymaking?
Authors: Tangney Peter
Published: June 2019

Risk-based decision-making is widely considered to be the best means of presenting the science of climate change and for developing and presenting climate change evidence for policymaking. This paper examines some of the justifications provided by climate and decision scientists for their preferred approach, and argues that, although risk-based approaches are indeed analytically and instrumentally helpful, they may not always provide the most politically appropriate framework for resolving the politics of evidence-based policymaking. Decision scientists still promote risk-based decision-making under erroneous ideals of linear-instrumental-rationality, even if they have become more circumspect concerning the worst excesses of past technocratic linear-rationality. Moreover, decision scientists have provided very shallow justification to date for ‘risk’ as default decision framework. A reasonable analysis of the general suitability of risk would include comparative analysis with alternative conceptual frames, not simply in terms of their analytical power, but also their political acceptability in constituencies where particular evidence-frames may be challenged on the basis of their premises, rather than their conclusions.
Key messages
Risk-based decision guidance does not fully account for the politics of evidence-based policy.
Decision scientists should avoid conflating the heuristic and prescriptive worth of policy models.
Risk-based approaches should be justified from political analysis with alternate conceptual frames.
Context-appropriate decisions demand context-sensitive conceptual frames for policy-evidence.
Against postmodernism: Paolo Sorrentino and the search for authenticity
Authors: Cangiano Mimmo
Published: June 2019

The concept of identity lies at the heart of every one of Paolo Sorrentino’s movies. His main characters are engaged in a struggle to define themselves since through this alone can they hope to overcome the futility and inconsistency of their lives. Sorrentino’s cinematic oeuvre thus challenges postmodernist theories on identity. In his movies, the absence of an identity does not imply the liberation of the subject from the constraints of social roles, but instead relegates her/him to a life deprived of any value and a reality that is completely superficial and unworthy. Therefore, for Sorrentino, seeking an identity means seeking a way to interpret reality. This article will show how the Neapolitan director has focused his entire work around this Romantic and modernist topic: the search for authenticity and the subject’s ability to produce value only after discovering an authentic Self.
Posthuman Sorrentino: Youth and The Great Beauty as ecocinema
Authors: Gilebbi Matteo
Published: June 2019

This article explains why Paolo Sorrentino’s La grande bellezza (The Great Beauty) (2013) and Youth (2015) can be considered a form of ecocinema as they portray a posthuman subjectivity able to produce an alternative relationship between humans and the environment. This posthuman subjectivity emerges through the representation of humans who find themselves entangled with an environment that they cannot control or even comprehend, but who also witness the possibility of existing beyond a fallacious nature/culture dichotomy. From these films a different connection between humans and the biosphere is constructed that allows the audience to reconsider the dogmatic aspect of humans’ complete understanding and dominance over nature. This posthuman awareness emerging from Sorrentino’s representation of the human condition might inspire us to examine the ethical and political role that we have as agents of global transformation in the Anthropocene epoch.
Interpolating the ‘blah, blah, blah’: The Great Beauty’s vocal Rome
Authors: Gammon Alex
Published: June 2019

The city of Rome has been historically utilized in Italian cinema as the thematic setting par excellence of past and present conjoining. However, it is in Federico Fellini’s La dolce vita (1960) and Paolo Sorrentino’s La grande bellezza (The Great Beauty) (2013) that the city adopts a truly vocal quality to speak outright to its people. Using Christian Norberg-Schulz’s landmark text Genius Loci: Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture (1980) as a conceptual springboard, this article navigates through the structures and décor of Rome in both films, demonstrating how the mediums of film and architecture can symbiotically meet to fashion a unique voice for Rome’s genius loci, or ‘spirit of place’. Moreover, the article asks how and why Sorrentino’s immaculate Rome contrasts against Fellini’s atrophying Rome via setting, sound, cinematography and gesture, with the protagonists’ respective spiritual journeys being a key factor in Rome’s conversational tenor.
Anxiety (of influence) and (absent) fathers in Sorrentino’s English-language narratives
Authors: Waters Sandra
Published: June 2019

This article examines the role of damaged or absent fathers – actual, metaphoric and artistic – as represented in Sorrentino’s works that are filmed in English: This Must Be the Place (2011), Youth (2015) and The Young Pope (2016). The (non-biological) father figures that appear in these films and television episodes function sometimes as extensions of a failed father, and at other times as correctives to a failed father. The psychoanalytic thesis of the anal father as developed by Žižek (via Freud and Lacan) as a postmodern response to Lacan’s symbolic father paired with Bloom’s theory of the anxiety of artistic influence serve as my theoretical structure. Any deficiencies, failures or crises depicted by father figures on-screen is countered by the success of Sorrentino himself off-screen, as extradiegetic elements make their way into the diegesis, complicating the relationship between the filmmaker and his creations, but also with his cinematic forebears with whom he is frequently judged.
Diversity of lactic acid bacteria in dadih produced by either back-slopping or spontaneous fermentation from two different regions of West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Wirawati Chandra Utami , Sudarwanto Mirnawati Bachrum , Lukman Denny Widaya , Wientarsih Ietje , Srihanto Eko Agus
Published: June 2019

Aim: Dadih samples from two different origins (Kamang and Gadut in West Sumatra) manufactured with different methods (back-slopping or spontaneous fermentation) were evaluated for the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Materials and Methods: Four dadih samples manufactured with two different fermentation methods were obtained from Kamang and Gadut regions. Both genotypic and phenotypic characteristic (16S rRNA partial gene sequence analysis and carbohydrate fermentation profile) were used to analyze the diversity of dadih LAB population. Results: This study showed that LAB count in back-slopping fermented dadih was one log cycle higher than spontaneous fermented dadih. LAB isolates from the two regions were divided into three genera, namely Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus. Sequencing results showed that 41.6% (five isolates) were identified as Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, 25% (three isolates) were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum ssp. plantarum, 16.6% (two isolates) were identified as L. lactis ssp. cremoris, and 8.3% (one isolate each) were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus pentosus. Conclusion: Five species were determined in back-slopping fermented dadih, i.e., L. lactis ssp. lactis, L. lactis ssp. cremoris, L. plantarum ssp. plantarum, L. pentosus, and P. pentosaceus. On the other hand, spontaneous fermented dadih only contained three different species, namely L. lactis ssp. lactis, L. lactis ssp. cremoris, and L. plantarum ssp. plantarum. This research showed that back-slopping fermentation offers greater abundance and diversity compared to spontaneous fermentation in dadih.