bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evolution of T-cell receptor repertoire in different stages of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jia Ziqi , Wang Yadong , Yang Xiaoying , Wu Pancheng , Wang Yanyu , Song Yang , Xu Huihui , Gu Dejian , Chen Rongrong , Li Jin , Xia Xuefeng , Bing Zhongxing , Cao Lei , Cao Zhili , Liu Peng , Yang Huaxia , Li Shanqing , Liang Naixin
Published: May 2020

Background The intricate relationship between the tumor and host was not well understood, and antigen-specific T cell is fundamental in understanding the interaction. TCR repertoire analysis which described TCR clonotypes and TCR numbers has shown that TCRs with high frequency was tumor-specific T cells, while others might be ‘bystander’ T cells within tumors. However, how these “expanded” tumor-specific T cells was selected during the tumor development was not clear. Methods We retrospectively analyzed TCR sequencing and mutation sequencing results from 144 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results A rich TCR repertoire comprising thousands of different TCR sequences was identified in all stages of NSCLC, with most TCR clonotypes presented at low frequency. Interestingly, Stage IV NSCLC tumors contain more expanded TCRs as compared to earlier stages, however, lymph node metastasis or tumor size had little impact on expanded TCRs. Moreover, accumulation of mutations did not significantly change the number of TCR clonotypes, however, EGFR mutant patients had significantly lower while KRAS mutant patients had significantly higher number of TCR clonotypes especially in terms of those “expanded” TCRs. Conclusions In summary, T cells in the tumor microenvironment were gradually activated with tumor development. Critical events such as distal metastases and generation of EGFR or KRAS mutations might be the major factors affecting the changing of tumor-specific T cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Acetylation stabilizes chloride intracellular channel 1 that exerts a tumor-promoting role by activation of nuclear factor kappa B in cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Wanyue , Li Xin , Xu Ye , Guo Weikang , Yu Hui , Zhang Lu , Wang Yaoxian , Chen Xiuwei
Published: May 2020

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related death in women, especially in developing countries. Previously, we identified that acetylation levels of chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) at lysine 131 were increased in cervical cancer tissues by using the label-free proteomics approach. The aim of this study was further to determine the role of CLIC1 expression and its acetylation in cervical cancer. Methods: CLIC1 expression and its implications on prognosis in cervical cancer were analyzed using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database (gepia.cancer-pku.cn). The effect of CLIC1 on cells was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, transwell assay, western blotting, and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). In vivo tumor growth was assessed in mouse xenograft models. Results: We found that CLIC1 expression was increased in cervical cancer tissues and cells. The knockdown of CLIC1 significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells. Molecularly, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity was positively regulated by CLIC1. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-κB activation, attenuated the tumor-promoting effect of CLIC1. Moreover, CLIC1 acetylation at K131 was upregulated in cervical cancer, which stabilized CLIC1 by inhibiting ubiquitylation. The substitution of K131 inhibited CLIC1 ubiquitylation and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and tumor growth. In addition, we identified that acetyltransferase HAT1 was responsible for CLIC1 acetylation at K131. Conclusion: This finding shows that CLIC1 is a tumor promoter in cervical cancer, indicating a potential strategy to treat cervical cancer by regulating CLIC1 expression or acetylation.
The antihistamine deptropine induces hepatoma cell death through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion
Authors: Liang Yu-Chih , Chang Chi-Ching , Sheu Ming-Thau , Lin Shyr-Yi , Chung Chia-Chen , Teng Chang-Ting , Suk Fat-Moon
Published: May 2020

Background: Autophagy is generally defined as a lysosome-dependent mechanism that degrades cytosolic proteins and organelles at the basal level. Recent studies focused on developing autophagy inhibitors for cancer treatment. Some antihistamines exhibited significant antitumor activity alone or in combination with other therapies in in vitro and clinical studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of how antihistamines inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation are still unknown. Methods: Two human hepatoma cells were used to examine the effects of 12 benzocycloheptene structural-analogue drugs on the cytotoxicity and underlying molecular mechanisms. The induction of autophagy marker proteins were analyzed by western blot, and the formation of autophagosomes and the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes were investigated by immunofluorescence staining. The in vivo anti-cancer activity of drug was evaluated by xenograft nude mice model.Results: We first screened the antiproliferation activity of 12 benzocycloheptene structural-analogue drugs, and results showed that deptropine was the most potent inhibitor of both Hep3B and HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Deptropine significantly increased light chain 3B-II (LC3B-II) expression, but did not induce sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) degradation in either cell line. Interestingly, other autophagy-related proteins, such as autophagy-related 7 (ATG7), vacuolar protein sorting 34 (VPS34), phosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and phosphorylated Akt, exhibited no significant change in either deptropine-treated cell line. Deptropine also inhibited the processing of cathepsin L from its precursor form to its mature form. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed an increase of autophagosomes in deptropine-treated cells, but deptropine interfered with the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. In a xenograft nude mice model, 2.5 mg/kg deptropine showed a great inhibitory effect on Hep3B tumor growth. Conclusion: These results suggest that deptropine can induce hepatoma cell death in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanisms might be mediated through inhibiting autophagy by blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
Low fifth minute Apgar scores and its associated factors among newborns in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mersha Abera , Shibiru Shitaye , Bante Agegnehu
Published: May 2020

Background: Low Apgar scores in the childbirth period increased risk globally and significantly contributes to both newborn morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is very essential to update information on the status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting. The majority studies conducted were retrospective and prone to bias. In addition, there is limited study in Ethiopia that shows the recent status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting. Therefore, this study intends to fill those gaps. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study conducted among 286 newborns in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia from February 6 to March 9, 2019. A study participants selected by using systematic random sampling method. Pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires and checklist used to collect the data. Data entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 15 for analysis. A crude and adjusted odds ration computed in the binary logistic regression model. In this study, P-value, < 0.05 considered to declare factors as statistically significant. Results: In this study, 17.8% (95%CI: 13.8%, 22.7%) of neonates had low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Condition of labor (induced/augmented) (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.24, 8.90), meconium-stained liquor (AOR=3.37, 95%CI: 1.17, 9.74), and birth weight (AOR=3.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 9.86) were significantly associated with neonate’s low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Conclusions: This study indicated that a significant number of newborns resulted in low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Strengthen the provision of health information during antenatal care; avoid delay in screening high-risk mothers during pregnancy and delivery, and give immediate interventions should recommended. Keywords: Apgar scores, Newborns, Arba Minch
Profiles of Amino Acid in Indonesian Neonates
Authors: Timan Ina Susianti , Sjarif Damayanti Rusli , Pasaribu Merci Monica , Anandari Latifah
Published: May 2020

Background: Amino acid profiles in newborns is a sign of its nutritional status and it reflects the protein intake of the mother before and during pregnancy. The amino acid level is also a predictor of improved growth velocity and the only tool for diagnosis of amino acid disorder in suspected individuals. In Indonesia, based on National Basic Health Research year 2018, 48.8% of pregnant mother has anemia and 13% babies were underweight. Determining amino acid profiles is important to differentiate pathologic from normal condition in newborn population. There are only a few reports with adequate sample size on amino acid profiles in newborns from South East Asian Countries and none from the Indonesian population. Methods: This is the first descriptive study in Indonesia newborns population determining the profiles of amino acid concentration from dried blood spot (DBS) sample by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. This study used DBS sample obtained from the newborns’ heel pricks, which is easier to store and handle in Indonesia’s landscape. This will allow samples from remote area to be safely transported to referral laboratory. Results: A total of 993 healthy newborns from 25 provinces and districts in Indonesia were included in this study. All samples were stored at -20oC and analyzed within 1 month. The amino acid concentration profile was summarized as 95% reference interval determined using nonparametric method. The result for most amino acid was only slightly different from previously reported reference from various population which was presumably caused by food preference. This study’s result is expected to be implemented in Indonesian population. Conclusions: Determining the amino acid profile in neonates using DBS is dependable. The result from this study is expected to be applied in our center and other referral hospital for inborn error of metabolism screening.
The Iodine Knowledge of Pregnant Women in an Endemic Goiter Area: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: ÇİN NAZLI Nur ASLAN , ÖZÇELİK Ayşe Özfer
Published: May 2020

Background: Iodine is an crucial micronutrient for fetal brain development, especially in the early stages of pregnancy. The level of knowledge about iodine among pregnant women has not been previously evaluated in Trabzon city where is an endemic area of iodine deficiency in the Blacksea region of Turkey. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about iodine nutrition during pregnancy among pregnant women living in an endemic goiter area of Turkey. Methods: One hundred fifty pregnant women between ages 19-45 years who applied to Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in Trabzon were recruited. This cross-sectional study was conducted with one hundred and fifty pregnant women between the ages of 19-45 who applied to Trabzon Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic. Research data were collected using questionnaire forms and face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire form consisted of questions determining the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, their previous pregnancy data, iodized salt consumption habits, and knowledge about iodine. Results: Although 68% of women know that iodine deficiency can cause serious consequences during pregnancy, about 30% did not know the problems caused by iodine deficiency. Three main dietary source of iodine in Turkey, fish, milk and dairy products and table salt are 68.0%, 20.0% and 77.3% of them correctly identified as good sources, respectively. The mean iodine knowledge score of the participants was 8.5±4.5. Higher educated pregnant women had significantly higher knowledge scores (p<.05). However, age, trimester, parity and those who had received information about iodine and iodine knowledge score between no significant differences (p>.05). Conclusion: This study revealed that lack of knowledge about iodine in pregnant women living in an endemic goiter area of Turkey. Furthermore, pregnants also had limited knowledge about the most important dietary iodine sources that can meet their daily iodine requirements. The necessity of public education initiatives to improve iodine knowledge in the pregnant population is evident for healthier future generations.
Daytime Functioning in People with Type 2 Diabetes and Insomnia Symptoms: A Comparison-Correlational Study
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed M , Rucker Jason , Alenazi Aqeel M , Alothman Shaima , Alahmari Wafa , Gray Corey , Alqahtani Bader , Kluding Patricia
Published: May 2020

Background

Sleep disturbances showed negative impact on self-care and diabetes outcomes for people with type 2 diabetes. However, there is a need to understand to what extent insomnia symptoms impact daytime functioning in people with type 2 diabetes. This study compared common daytime functioning outcomes including fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life related to vitality and physical function in people with type 2 diabetes with and without insomnia symptoms.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional comparison design which used validated instruments to assess common daytime functioning outcomes (i.e. fatigue severity scale, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life related to vitality and physical function domains) in 60 participants with type 2 diabetes with and without symptoms of insomnia. Insomnia Severity Index was used to stratify participants into an insomnia group and non-insomnia control group. Multivariate linear model and partial correlations tests were utilized to examine the relationships between outcomes in the two groups after controlling for age and depression symptoms.

Results

Levels of fatigue severity, and quality of life related vitality and physical function were worse in the insomnia group compared to non-insomnia group (P<.004). After controlling for age, the multivariate linear model showed that the insomnia group had greater fatigue severity (R 2 =0.15, p=.003), and lower quality of life related to vitality and physical function (R 2 =0.25, p<.001; and R 2 =0.11, p=.004, respectively). Partial correlation showed that daytime sleepiness was correlated with Insomnia Severity Index in the full sample after controlling for age ( r =.35, p =.006). When added depression symptoms into the models, the differences or relationships were not observed.

Conclusion

Fatigue, and quality of life related vitality and physical function were worse in people with both type 2 diabetes and insomnia symptoms compared to people with type 2 diabetes only. Depression symptoms may have an independent contribution for the daytime functioning.
Maternal Tobacco Exposure and Health-Related Quality of Life during Pregnancy: A National-based Study of 15682 Pregnant Women in China
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Huang Xinyu , Wu Huailiang , Zhang Casper J. P. , Yin Zongzhi , Fan Qianqian , Wang Huiyun , Jayavanth Pallavi , Akinwunmi Babatunde , Wu Yanxin , Wang Zilian , Ming Wai-kit
Published: May 2020

Background With the increase of the number of smokers, tobacco exposure among pregnant women is becoming more and more common. Though that pregnant women exposed to first-hand smoke and second-hand smoke are susceptible to physiological and psychological health issues has been proved in previous studies, there are no enough studies focus on the impact of third-hand smoke. This study aimed to assess and compare health-related quality of life for pregnant women with exposure to first-hand smoke, second-hand smoke, third-hand smoke and non-exposure to tobacco in mainland China. Methods National-based cross-sectional study is based on a questionnaire survey which collects information including demographics, smoking behaviors and self-evaluation. All questionnaires were delivered and collected from August to September 2019. EuroQol group’s visual analog scale and EuroQoL Five-dimension Questionnaire were used to collect data in mainland China. Results Totally, 15682 pregnant women were included in this study, among which non-exposure to smoke were 7564 (48.2%), exposed to first-hand smoke, second-hand smoke and third-hand smoke were 89 (0.6%), 2349 (15.0%), and 5680 (36.2%) respectively. Pregnant women without tobacco exposure had the highest EuroQol group’s visual analog scale score (mean value=85.4[SD=14.0]), while those with first-hand smoke had the lowest score (mean value=77.4[SD=22.2]). Among all five dimensions of EuroQoL Five-dimension Questionnaire, there were significant differences of EQ-index among groups with different tobacco exposure in usual activity and anxiety or depression dimensions (p<0.001). Conclusions Third-hand smoke exposure had close relationship with low health-related quality of life in pregnant women. Moreover, second-hand smoke exposure significantly led more problems on mental dimension of pregnant women.
Concept analysis of loneliness in older adults: A hybrid model
Authors: Bandari Razieh , Shahboulaghi Farahnaz Mohammadi , Khankeh Hamid Reza , Ebadi Abbas , Montazeri Ali
Published: May 2020

Background: Loneliness is an ontological structure in human existence that can occur in all stages of life. The purpose of this qualitative study was to clarify the meaning and the nature of loneliness in Iranian older adults.Methods: Loneliness in older adults was examined in three phases: (1) the theoretical phase; (2) the fieldwork and (3) the analytical phase. The hybrid concept analysis method was performed to explore the data and synthesis the findings on three key issues including attributes, antecedents, and consequences. Finally, a working definition was synthesized.Results: The critical attributes of loneliness included a variety of topics including suffering, and feeling of worthlessness. Antecedents included distal and proximal factors. The consequences of loneliness in most instances were negative and disturbing. The final definition originated from the theoretical phase and fieldwork was as follows: ‘loneliness is an unpleasant, negative, annoying, hard, scary and painful personal experience that causes feeling of despair, uselessness, hopelessness, depression, anxiety and seeing the world in black’.Conclusion: The findings from this study introduce a new definition for loneliness that includes a combination of attributes, antecedents and consequences for the concept.
Fatal outcome in a COVID-19 patient despite IL 6 blockage in cytokine storm
Authors: Bovet Michael , Wadsack Daniel , Kosely Florentina , Zink Wolfgang , Zahn Ralf
Published: May 2020

A 59 year old male patient was admitted to our hospital diagnosed with COVID-19 associated pneumonia. Upfront treatment with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin was started. Because of clinical deterioration with ARDS, circulatory shock and increased hyperinflammatory markers six days later, a cytokine storm rose to the top of differential diagnosis and off-label treatment with IL 6 receptor antagonist Tocilizumab was initiated. Subsequently we observed a dramatic rise of D-dimers indicating coagulopathy. Perimyocarditis with severe cardiac arrhythmia occurred after a second dose was administered. Later the patient died due to multi organ failure. Exacerbation of cytokine storm following treatment with Tocilizumab could not be ruled out, despite a hitherto unreported relationship with COVID-19.
Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation to a Child with End Stage Heart Failure In The Novel Coronavirus Pandemic Period
Authors: Özer Tanıl , Günay Deniz , Aksüt Mehmet , Altaş Özge , Gürcü Emre , Kırali Kaan
Published: May 2020

At the end of the 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly to all over the world. Then, the attentions of almost all health care providers have shifted to this health emergency situation which is identified as pandemic. The novel coronavirus pandemic has impacted the physicians at the all field of medicine not to perform their routine treatment practice. Since it is not clear when this situation will end, there is still debate about how to manage the treatment strategies for the patients who have end stage heart failure such another life threatening illness. The aim of this case presentation is to create a consideration about timing of left ventricular assist device implantations during novel coronavirus pandemic period.
AUTONOMIA PROCRIATIVA: UM DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DA MULHER?
Authors: IMADA Isabela Leite , GOMES Fábio Cantizani
Published: May 2020

A presente pesquisa almeja analisar a compatibilidade entre os artigos referentes ao aborto previstos no Código Penal de 1940 e os direitos fundamentais das mulheres previstos na Constituição Federal, como a dignidade da pessoa humana, a liberdade, a autonomia procriativa e a igualdade de gênero, relacionados com a laicidade do Estado. Dessa maneira, mediante essa análise do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o atual trabalho propõe-se a investigar qual seria a legislação sobre o procedimento abortivo ideal para a garantia dos direitos fundamentais das mulheres e a emancipação do controle masculino, visando combater a discriminação das mulheres e assegurar a autonomia sobre seu próprio corpo.
ENCARCERAMENTO EM MASSA E O MITO DA DEMOCRACIA RACIAL: a interligação de um fenômeno crescente no Brasil
Authors: CORRÊA Letícia Dias , VOLPE FILHO Clóvis Alberto
Published: May 2020

O sistema carcerário brasileiro ocupa hoje seu terceiro lugar no ranking mundial de encarceramento, perdendo apenas para China e Estados Unidos. A maioria dos componentes deste sistema são homens e mulheres negros na faixa etária dos 18 aos 29 anos. Essas duas informações compõe a base deste artigo, um resumo da monografia apresentada no Programa de Iniciação Cientifica 2018/2019 da Faculdade de Direito de Franca.O artigo visa questionar a ligação desses dados, visto nos encontrarmos em uma sociedade majoritariamente negra em que seus membros creem na existência do racismo, bem como acreditam numa democracia racial, fatos totalmente controversos entre si.
A ATIVIDADE LEGISLATIVA DO PODER EXECUTIVO: A INSTABILIDADE JURÍDICA COMO UM DE SEUS REFLEXOS
Authors: BALDOCHI Arthur Simões , RODRIGUES Maria Rafaela Junqueira Bruno
Published: May 2020

Muito utilizado no Brasil é o fato do Poder Executivo ter a capacidade e legitimidade legiferante, razão desse fato, o objetivo geral do presente artigo é demonstrar os motivos e reflexos provenientes dessa atipicidade na Separação dos Poderes, que possibilita ao Poder Executivo legislar. O problema delimitou-se em buscar fontes históricas que justificam a atual necessidade das Constituições nas democracias ao redor do mundo, e autorizarem este compartilhamento de prerrogativas; em analisar a forma como se apresenta no sistema brasileiro e realmente se mantém efetivada e em respeito a tripartição de funções do Poder, petrificada na Constituição Federal vigorante no país. O atual trabalho de pesquisa se propôs à análise de dispositivos que permitem a atividade legiferante pelos detentores da prerrogativa Executiva, além das responsabilidades ou não que lhes incumbe no processo, além de terem sido apresentados os requisitos para a adoção de tal instituto, bem como dos reflexos positivos e negativos. Ao analisar o instituto, foi possível verificar as distinções entre modelos adotados no direito estrangeiro e a forma como é procedido no Brasil através das Medidas Provisórias. Também tornou possível, questionar-se acerca da responsabilidade dos representantes frente à Constituição, diante dessa prerrogativa de legislar em casos extraordinários, de maneira a sugerir que se possa utilizar o instituto de forma correta e respeitosa ao princípio que lhe originou, consagrado por Montesquieu. No entanto, em momento algum se teve por pretensão esgotar-se a temática, mas sim ampliar os espaços de discussão.
O RECONHECIMENTO DO DIREITO HUMANO À ÁGUA A PARTIR DO CASO BRASILEIRO
Authors: BIANCHINI Guilherme Correa , ROCHA Manoel Ilson Cordeiro
Published: May 2020

Recentemente o debate sobre o direito humano à água se intensificou, tendo em vista que a Assembleia Geral da Organização das Nações Unidas, por meio da Resolução 64/292, no ano de 2010, reconheceu o acesso à água e saneamento como um direito humano fundamental. Desta forma, se faz necessária a inserção deste debate no âmbito do direito brasileiro considerando-se que a Constituição Federal de 1988, ao guiar todo o ordenamento jurídico do país, coloca os direitos humanos fundamentais em uma posição de prioridade e possibilita a adoção de tratados internacionais de direitos humanos como Emendas Constitucionais. Além disto, deve-se considerar as menções ao direito humano à água, ainda que inserido dentro de outros direitos, em convenções e tratados internacionais elaborados a partir da metade do século XX. Desta forma, este trabalho buscou compreender a natureza da água como um bem fundamental à condição humana, contribuir para a análise da concretização de uma abordagem acerca do surgimento da fundamentalidade de um direito na ordem internacional, bem como a compreensão dos impactos imediatos e mediatos deste surgimento na ordem jurídica brasileira. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa e foi realizada por uma revisão bibliográfica, normativa e documental.
Results of simulation of performance indicators for the oncological service when introducing innovative technologies for treatment of stage IV lung cancer
Authors: Sterlikov S. A. , Zelenova O. V. , Аbramov S. I. , Danilov V. M. , Mikhaylova Yu. V. , Golubev N. A.
Published: May 2020

Malignant tumors of the trachea, bronchi, lungs represent a serious medical and social problem. Most cases of cancer of the trachea, bronchus, and lung are detected at stage IV, and therefore, to improve the survival of patients, a new treatment strategy is proposed based on modern data on mutagenesis and receptor status of tumor cells, which has a personalized approach for each specific case. To make managerial decisions about the introduction of innovative drugs, a forecast of expected results is required which should be improved indicators of the State Program On Healthcare Development. It has been found out that the transition to a new strategy for lung cancer chemotherapy will reduce mortality from malignant tumors by 1.2-0.7%, including lung cancer by 3.9%, as well as one-year case fatality by 3% for all malignant tumors, including 15% for lung cancer. At the same time, within 5 years after the introduction of the new strategy for lung cancer treatment, the indicator reflecting the proportion of patients with malignant tumors registered for 5 years or more is expected to decrease, which is related to specific parameters of the calculation method.

The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Recombinant in vitro test T-SPOT.TB as a screening method for early diagnosis of tuberculosis infection
Authors: Eremenko E. P. , Borodulina E. A. , Sergeeva I. A. , Kudlay D. A. , Borodulin B. E.
Published: May 2020

In addition to standard skin tests (Mantoux test with 2 TU PPD-L and diaskintest) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection, in vitro tests are used. One of these tests is T-SPOT.TB being more widely used in recent years.

The objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of T-SPOT.TB test for early detection of tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents in Samara Region.

Subjects and methods. From 2016 to 2019, results of T-SPOT.TB tests performed in 596 children aged 2 to 17 years inclusive were analyzed; those children had no immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis infection using skin tests since their parents refused to have it.

Results. It was found out that the major reason for refusing skin tests was the “fear” of visiting a TB dispensary if the result had been positive — 38.43% (n = 229). The latent tuberculosis infection according to the results of T-SPOT.TB among children with concomitant pathology made 2.6%, among healthy children – 0.7%.

Conclusion. T-SPOT.TB test may be used as an alternative method for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection, should the parent refuse to have skin tests. In children with concomitant pathology, T-SPOT.TB test can serve as a leading method for immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis.

The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Q-wave myocardial infarction of lower left ventricular in a female patient in the early postoperative period after lung resection due to tuberculoma
Authors: Dobin V. L. , Nikolaev A. N. , Аrkhipochkina N. A. , Muravieva M. A. , Kryukova L. M.
Published: May 2020

The article presents a clinical case of myocardial infarction in the early postoperative period after lung resection due to tuberculosis in a 51-year-old patient; clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management tactics and successful treatment are described. In 24 hours after the diagnosis was made, the patient underwent emergency stenting of the right coronary artery in the cardiologic dispensary.

The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Mineralogy and Geochemistry
Authors: Nasdala Lutz , Schmidt Christian
Published: May 2020

The application of Raman spectroscopy for the identification and characterization of minerals and related materials has increased appreciably during recent years. Raman spectroscopy has proven to be a most valuable and versatile analytical tool. Successful applications cover virtually all the mineralogical sub-disciplines, and have become more numerous in geochemistry. We present a general summary of present applications, illustrated by selected examples. In addition, we briefly point out several aspects of spectral acquisition, data reduction, and interpretation of Raman results that are important for the application of Raman spectroscopy as a reliable analytical tool.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ İÇTİHATLARI IŞIĞINDA SEÇİCİ DAĞITIM SİSTEMLERİNDEKİ İNTERNETTEN SATIŞ YASAKLARI
Authors: ÖZSOY Özge
Published: May 2020

Seçici dağıtım sistemi, bir üreticinin, ürününün yetkili satıcılara satışını kısıtlayan ve de onaylanmış satıcıların yetkilendirilmemiş satıcılara satış yapmasını önleyen dağıtım yöntemi olarak tanımlanabilir. Seçici dağıtım sistemleri, Avrupa Komisyonu’nun Dikey Anlaşmalar Grup Muafiyeti Tüzüğü ve Dikey Kısıtlamalar Kılavuzu çerçevesinde Avrupa Birliği rekabet hukuku bakımından düzenlenmiştir. Avrupa Birliği’ndeki teşebbüsler tarafından seçici dağıtım sisteminin uygulandığı birçok durumda çevrimiçi platformlar yoluyla satışlar hakkındaki yasaklar uygulamaya konmuş ve bu kısıtlamaların hukuka uygun olup olmadığını genellikle ulusal rekabet kurumları ve ulusal mahkemeler göz önüne almak zorunda kalmıştır. Örneğin, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique ile ilgili olarak Paris Temyiz Mahkemesi tarafından yapılan talep sonucunda verilen 13 Ekim 2011 tarihli ön kararda, Pierre Fabre’ın seçici dağıtım sistemi, ürünlerin sadece eczaneler gibi yetkili dağıtıcılar vasıtasıyla satılmasına izin verdiği, yani çevrimiçi satış olasılığını ortadan kaldırdığı için, rekabeti kısıtlayıcı amacın var olduğuna hükmedilmiştir. Zira söz konusu dağıtım sistemi, fiili olarak interneti bir pazarlama yöntemi olarak yasaklamıştır. Avrupa Birliği Adalet Divanı’nın seçici dağıtım sistemlerindeki internet satış yasakları hakkında verdiği son karar ise Coty Prestige Germany kararıdır. Buna göre, lüks mallara ilişkin bir seçici dağıtım sistemi bağlamında, üçüncü taraf platformlar yoluyla satış yapmaya ilişkin yetkili dağıtıcılar için öngörülen bir yasak, Avrupa Birliği’nin İşleyişi Hakkında Antlaşma m. 101/1 anlamında bir rekabeti kısıtlama anlamına gelmek zorunda değildir. Zira yetkili dağıtıcının kendi internet sitesi yoluyla satış faaliyetine izin verilmektedir.
De la Conferencia Bogotá al estado actual de la organización de la psicología en Colombia
Authors: Cudina Jean Nikola , Ossa Julio César
Published: May 2020

Rubén Ardila ha sido un pionero y a su turno un vocero para poner en discusión su preocupación por la formación del psicólogo -no solo en Colombia sino también en toda América Latina- ante el acelerado crecimiento de la oferta de programas de psicología en el país y en demás países de la región. Con ello queremos resaltar en esta editorial dos aspectos importantes de su trabajo para la promoción de la formación del psicólogo: su denotado interés por defender y promover el reconocimiento social, legal y jurídico del oficio del psicólogo en Colombia y su compromiso para contribuir con un proyecto para la formación psicológica en el país y la región
Guidelines for online learning
Authors: Pallitt Nicola
Published: May 2020

Here are some guidelines to prepare us for our online learning journey together!

These guidelines help us to think through the following questions:

1. How can we best prepare ourselves and our surroundings for online learning?

2. How can we stay on track – even if we don’t have reliable Internet access all of the time?

3. Will we have access to course material and notes?

4. How will we know what to do, and by when?

5. What kinds of support is available to us when we may want to ask for help?
Introductory video (transcript)
Authors: Pallitt Nicola
Published: May 2020

Let's learn about how to get connected to the technology, our peers and lecturers, different forms of support, and most importantly, our learning. This online orientation offers strategies for dealing with the challenges and opportunities around learning online. Let's get connected and learn how to learn online together!
Introductory video to Online Learning
Authors: Pallitt Nicola
Published: May 2020

Let's learn about how to get connected to the technology, our peers and lecturers, different forms of support, and most importantly, our learning. This online orientation offers strategies for dealing with the challenges and opportunities around learning online. Let's get connected and learn how to learn online together!
Sound absorption by textile resonators
Authors: Neuwerk Karsten , Haupt Michael , Gresser Götz T.
Published: May 2020

Since the first usage of absorbing structures to modify architectural acoustics the dampening of low frequencies has proven to be a difficult issue. Due to the rise of the population and concentration of said population in urban areas, also known as urban densification, the noise level has risen over the last years. A long-term exposure to noise can lead to serious health problems such as high blood pressure and sleep deprivation. The omnipresent sound in urban areas has a direct impact on the personal well-being. Currently used broadband absorbers work well in a frequency range from 300 Hz to 5 kHz. The dampening of frequencies below 300 Hz, especially below 200 Hz, requires large voluminas due to the wavelength and the absorbing mechanism. To achieve absorption of low frequencies a textile resonator with multiple absorbing mechanisms is proposed. The conversion of energy from the acoustic pressure field in mechanical oscillations as well as heat provides the possibility for efficient absorbers without large voluminas. Compared to common membrane resonators, which similar to Helmholtz resonators use a closed cavity behind the membrane, the textile resonators do not need a closed cavity to generate friction and visco-thermal losses.
Optimization automating monitoring based on classification for rolling bearing
Authors: Hotait H. , Chiementin X. , Rasolofondraibe L.
Published: May 2020

This work presents an automated and optimized methodology for detection and tracking real-time rolling bearings defects. It contains three sequential loops. The first loop is the initialization, as well as the constitution of a class called healthy. It starts by extraction of features from the acquisition signals, then select the most correlated features to reduce the unimportant features by the Relief method, normalization data by z-score, and reduce the dimension by t-SNE method, ended with a calculation of OPTICS parameter’s Epsilon and Minpts. The second loop is the detection, which has the same initialization steps, besides, OPTICS for data classification. The third loop is the follow-up: this phase consists of projecting the matrix of defect features into the final base that has made it possible to detect the defect class and to track the evolution of this class over time. The proposed methodology has been validated numerically and experimentally for rolling bearing in the outer race.
Experimental modal analysis and optimal design of cab’s isolation system for a single drum vibratory roller
Authors: Quynh Le Van , Jianrun Zhang , Liem Nguyen Van , Cuong Bui Van , Long Le Xuan , Phuong Do Thanh
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to solve problems about cab’s low-frequency shaking in the direction of forward motion when vibratory roller operates. To solve this problem, a modal test for a single-drum vibratory roller is carried out by the Belgium LMS dynamic testing which is used to identify the model parameters and find out the natural frequency of the vehicle. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation is carried out to find out the reasons causing the cab’s low-frequency shaking. The model simulation results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, the design parameters of cab’s isolation system are optimized to reach the maximum value of the first-order natural frequency in order to avoid resonance vibration for cab at low frequency and reduce cab’s low-frequency shaking.
Research on image processing algorithm of immune colloidal gold test paper detection
Authors: Yang Guang , Wang Tiefeng , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2020

In order to better solve the problem of automatic identification of quality control line and detection line in the detection of gold standard test strip, this paper proposes to collect the image information of gold standard test strip after color rendering through CMOS sensor, preprocess the obtained information, transform RGB image into gray image, build cloud model in the CIELAB/HSV/HSL space, and apply the improved AdaBoost algorithm to determine the position of detection line and quality control line Place. Compared with the traditional template matching method, it improves the accuracy and accuracy of recognition.
Hysteresis behaviour of different magnetorheological elastomer models: modelling and simulation
Authors: Syam Thaer M. I. , Muthalif Asan G. A.
Published: May 2020

Smart materials are materials by which their properties can be altered due to external stimuli such as temperature, pressure, and magnetic field. Magnetorheological Elastomer (MRE) is a type of smart composite material consisting of a polymer matrix embedded with ferromagnetic particles. In the presence of an external magnetic field, its mechanical properties such as stiffness change due to the interaction between the magnetic particles. Vibration isolation has been of interest to researchers for decades. In this work, simulation studies were done by utilizing different MRE models from the literature such Bignham, Bouc-Wen, Modified Bouc-Wen, Dahl and Hysteresis models on a base motion isolation (base excitation) system in order to understand the characteristics of MRE. Results showed that as the magnetic field increases, the stiffness of MRE increases significantly. Shifting in the natural frequency of the system from the transmissibility curve was observed for all models which lead to vibration isolation.
Study on the influence of the preformed hole size characteristics on the dynamic response of the cylindrical shell under blast loading
Authors: Gao Fuyin , Ji Chong , Sun Yuxiang , Huang Xiaoliang , Zhao Changxiao
Published: May 2020

The structural response of a cylindrical shell with pre-formed holes subjected to explosive impact loading can be efficiently modeled using the ALE coupling model. The damage process and measurement of point deflection were analyzed based on the results of simulation. Results demonstrated that the pre-formed holes on cylindrical shells will destroy their structural strength. This finding will easily lead to stress concentration, which may affect the damage process and decrease the anti-blast ability of cylindrical shells subjected to explosive impact loading. The pre-formed holes can reduce the load area and weaken the effect of impact loading. Change in hole spacing will influence these factors and affect the deformation of cylindrical shell. The location of the break is different when the distance between the holes is different.
Research on the optimization method of selecting hearing protectors in power station
Authors: Gong Quanquan , Xie Lianke , Dou Dandan , Zhang Guoying , Wang Kun , Zhao Jiamei
Published: May 2020

In order to explore the noise reduction effect and application of different hearing protectors in different workplaces in a power station, so as to facilitate to select differently suitable hearing protectors to staff based on needs. This paper uses principal component analysis and evaluation according to the insertion loss test results of 112 kinds of hearing protectors. Combined with the field test results of 10 workplaces in a power station, it is found that 112 kinds of hearing protectors mostly are suitable in 7 working places. People need to select suitable hearing protectors specifically in other 3 places. At the same time, this paper can provide reference for the selection of hearing protection in other different working places.
Computational modelling of dynamic loads of a container under viscous interaction with a flat wagon in sea transport
Authors: Lovska Alyona , Fomin Oleksij , Píštěk Václav , Kučera Pavel
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the computational modelling of dynamic loads of a container under viscous interaction with a flat wagon transported by a train ferry. The calculation was made with the finite element method in CosmosWorks software. The study defined acceleration fields for the carrying structure of a container and a flat wagon. It was established that the maximum variance percent between the accelerations obtained by theoretical and computational modelling was 17.7 %. The research will contribute to higher efficiency of combined transportation along international transport corridors.
Optimal design parameters of drum’s isolation system for a double-drum vibratory roller
Authors: Quynh Le Van , Thao Vi Thi Phuong , Phong Truong Tu
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study is to propose an optimal design method for drum’s isolation systems of a double-drum vibrating roller so that the ride comfort can be improved. A half-vehicle ride dynamic model is established based on the drum-ground interactions. The weighted root mean square (rms) of acceleration responses of the vertical and pitch vibrations of the vehicle body (awb and awphi) according to the ISO 2631:1997(E) standard is chosen as objective functions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is applied for searching for the optimal design parameters of drum’s isolation systems based on the objective functions. The study results indicate that the awb and awphi values of GA optimal parameters reduce significantly in comparison with those of the original parameters of drum’s isolation systems, which means that the performance optimization of drum’s isolation systems is better than the original vehicle in improving the vehicle ride comfort.
Simulation of endolymph flow for response of cupula
Authors: Joshi Anudeep , Babu Darshan , Prakash Akhilesh Hari , C V Chandrashekara
Published: May 2020

Semicircular canal plays an important role in sensing of human body orientation. Cupula is the system in semicircular canal responsible for sensing rotational head movements. It is excited by the flow of endolymph caused due to inertia of head movement. There are various disorders related to semicircular canal, the most common disorder is Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). Present work focuses on determination of response of cupula due to endolymph flow in the horizontal semicircular canal. Variation of pressure generated on cupula by endolymph for different rotational velocity of head is studied and reported. Response of cupula with appropriate boundary conditions is extracted. Results obtained open up new area of research in better understanding the behavior of cupula with endolymph flow. It may aid in the betterment of curing BPPV.
Dynamic analysis of a discretized aircraft with an integrated bio-dynamic pilot model using Simulink and MSC Adams
Authors: Balila Adarsha , Ankush B N , Hari Gowtham C , C V Chandrashekara
Published: May 2020

A free vibration analysis is carried out on a discretized Fokker aircraft with an integrated bio-dynamic pilot model. It is an attempt to study the dynamic behavior of bio-dynamic pilot model, when the vibration is induced in aircraft. The system is assumed to have an eleven degree-of-freedom including bouncing motion of tyres, fuselage, seating system and pilot’s head along with angular pitching and rolling of fuselage. A robust model is developed using both MatLab Simulink and MSC Adams. System parameters are borrowed from the earlier reported literature of the present authors. Simulation is carried out for various initial input conditions. Responses of fuselage and pilot’s head are reported for initial displacement considered at nose landing tyre. Natural frequencies of the system are generated and compared with earlier reported results. A good agreement is noticed among the results obtained via all the three of analysis approaches.
Detection and quantification of clinically relevant plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes in aquatic systems
Authors: Coertze R. D. , Bezuidenhout C. C.
Published: May 2020

The extent and impact of plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes (pAmpCs) prevalence in aquatic environments is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify pAmpCs from the aquatic environment. The following pAmpCs were analysed with clinical TaqMan assays from isolated plasmids: ACC, ACT/MIR, BIL/LAT/CMY, DHA, FOX and MOX/CMY. Quantification was conducted using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and 3D chip-based digital PCR. The results of qPCR yielded 4,875.27 copies/ng DNA and dPCR, 1,640.58 copies/ng (Mann–Whitney U Test, p= 0.868). Redundancy analysis indicated that land coverage explains 90.49% (ANOVA, p= 0.601) of pAmpC variance. There was a correlation between the frequency and quantities of pAmpCs detected in each river and this could be related to anthropogenic influence. Frequencies of detection for pAmpCs were 25/36 for the Crocodile West River and 13/36 for the Marico River. Quantification resulted in higher copy numbers for the Crocodile West River and high copies in only two sites of the Marico River, thus reflecting degrees of anthropogenic influences on both rivers. The presence of these clinically relevant pAmpCs in aquatic systems are cause for concern, considering their potential impact if these genes are harboured by pathogens and become dispersed to human populations.
Statistical analysis of sewer odour based on 10-year complaint data
Authors: Pan Gang , Wang Bao , Guo Shuai , Zhang Wenming , Edwini-Bonsu Stephen
Published: May 2020

The City of Edmonton has been suffering from sewer odour problem for many years. Ten years of odour complaints data from 2008 to 2017 were statistically analyzed to identify major factors that relate to the odour problem. Spatial and temporal distributions of odour complaints in the city were first presented. Then relationships between the complaints and physical attributes of the sewer systems were analyzed by introducing a parameter of risk index. It was found that the snowmelt and storm events could possibly reduce odour complaints. Old sewer pipes and large drop structures are statistically more linked and thus significantly contribute to the complaints. The risk index relationship for three pipe materials is clay pipe > concrete pipe > PVC pipe. Combined sewers are more problematic in terms of odour complaints than sanitary sewers. And no clear correlation has been found between the changes of sewer pipe slope or angle and the complaints.