bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Disorder and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Potential of the Human Acrosomal Proteome
Authors: Shukla Shivam , Lastorka Sean S. , Uversky Vladimir N.
Published: January 2025

Intrinsic disorder is attributed to protein regions that lack a fixed three-dimensional structure under physiological conditions, enabling conformational plasticity. This flexibility allows for diverse functions, including transient interactions, signaling, and phase separation via disorder-to-order transitions upon binding. The acrosome, a sperm-specific organelle essential for fertilization, has a number of proteins whose functions may rely on intrinsic disorder. We analyzed 250 human acrosomal proteins to understand the roles of intrinsic disorder and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in their functional diversity. Intrinsic disorder was predicted using multiple computational models, which yielded 97 proteins that exhibited high disorder levels (>30%). Functional enrichment analysis then identified associations between disordered regions overlapping with SCOP domains and critical acrosomal processes, including vesicle trafficking, membrane fusion, and enzymatic activation. Examples of disordered SCOP domains include the PLC-like phosphodiesterase domain, the t-SNARE domain, and P-domain of calnexin/calreticulin. Next, protein-protein interaction networks revealed acrosomal proteins as hubs in tightly interconnected systems, emphasizing their functional importance. The acrosomal proteome was also analyzed for phase separation propensity, revealing that over 30% of these proteins are high-probability LLPS drivers (>60%), underscoring their role in dynamic compartmentalization. Proteins such as myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) and nuclear transition protein 2 (TNP2) exhibited both high LLPS propensities and high levels of structural disorder. A significant relationship (p < 0.0001, R² = 0.649) was observed between level of intrinsic disorder and LLPS propensity, showing the role of disorder in facilitating phase separation. Overall, these findings provide insights into how intrinsic disorder and LLPS contribute to the structural adaptability and functional precision required for fertilization, with implications for understanding disorders associated with the human acrosome reaction.
Hubungan Penyesuaian Diri dan Komunikasi Interpersonal dengan Culture Shock Mahasiswa Baru dari Luar Pulau Jawa
Authors: Wakhid Usman Nur , Khisbiyah Yayah
Published: January 2025

Culture shock adalah perasaan ketidaknyamanan psikis dan fisik karena adanya kontak dengan budaya lain. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan penyesuaian diri, komunikasi interpersonal dengan culture shock pada mahasiswa baru perantau luar Pulau Jawa Universitas “X”. Populasi berjumlah ±777 dan sampel sebanyak 105 orang, menggunakan purposive sampling dengan skala penyesuaian diri, komunikasi interpersonal dan culture shock dengan model skala Likert. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda menunjukkan r 0,451; p 0,000<0,01, artinya terdapat hubungan signifikan antara penyesuaian diri, komunikasi interpersonal dengan culture shock. Selanjutnya terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara penyesuaian diri dan culture shock (r -0,345; p 0,000 <0,01). Juga, terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara komunikasi interpersonal dengan culture shock (r -0,281; p 0,000<0,01. Sumbangan efektif keduanya terhadap culture shock sebesar 20,4% dengan rincian penyesuaian diri sebesar 12,2% dan komunikasi interpersonal sebesar 8,2%, 79,6% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan 69,5% mahasiswa mengalami culture shock yang tinggi. Oleh karenanya, sebaiknya kampus menyediakan layanan konseling psikososial bagi mahasiswa yang mengalami dampak negatif culture shock terutama bagi mahasiswa baru perantauan.
Analisis Bibliometrik pada Literatur tentang Nutrisi dan Penyakit Kardio-Serebrovaskular (CCVD) Tahun 2020 hingga 2023
Authors: Maulidyananta Hafishtyawan , Dian Ayu Wulansari
Published: January 2025

Pendahuluan: Kondisi pandemi COVID-19 mungkin mempengaruhi terapi nutrisi pada penyakit kardio-serebrovaskular (CCVD ). Penelitian ini telah melakukan analisis bibliometrik terhadap referensi yang menyoroti nutrisi dan CCVD dari tahun 2020 hingga 2023. Tren artikel yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan penelitian untuk mengatasi masalah CCVD.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis bibliometrik cross-sectional menggunakan istilah pencarian “diet” OR “food” OR “nutrition” AND “coronary artery disease” OR “stroke” OR “cerebrovascular accident” pada database Scopus menggunakan perangkat lunak Publish or Perish.
Hasil: Sebanyak 200 artikel diperoleh dengan jumlah sitasi 62.325 yang berkisar antara 71 hingga 5761 sitasi per dokumen. H-index dan g-index adalah 108 dan 200. Empat jurnal teratas adalah Circulation and Journal of American College of Cardiology (6,5%) diikuti oleh European Heart Journal and Nutrients (5%). Jenis publikasi yang dominan adalah Review (54%) dan Artikel Asli (43,5%). Terdapat 6 cluster topik dari hasil analisis ko-okurensi dari kata kunci, yakni cluster “stroke”, “coronary artery disease”, “atherosclerosis”, “mortality”, “gut microbiome”, dan “meta-analisis”.
Kesimpulan: Artikel tentang nutrisi dan CCVD yang dianalisis menurun dari tahun 2020 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini menemukan tidak ada sorotan khusus mengenai hubungan antara COVID-19, nutrisi, dan CCVD. Penelitian tentang mikrobiota usus dapat dikembangkan sebagai alternatif terapi CCVD.
The Implementation of Rasulullah SAW Leadership in Education
Authors: Jabar Padli Abdul , Ansari Nia Rahmawati , Haryanti Erni
Published: January 2025

Background
The leadership of the Rasulullah SAW is one of the leadership models that is often implemented by all Muslims. Without a leader, an organization would only b e a group of people and equipment without direction In Islam, leadership is of great concern, this is explained in a hadith that requires that each group have a lead er, even in small numbers.
Purpose
This study aims to find out a bout the leadership of the Rasulullah SAW that is often implemented in educational leadership
Design/method/approach
This method research used a qualitative descriptive approach. And the data collection technique in this study uses library techniques (Research Library) such as journals, books, and websites that are used as references.
Results
The Results show that The application of Rasulullah SAW leadership In Educational Leadership The research results identify the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW as applied in educational leadership through: honesty, trustworthiness, justice, communicativeness, consultation, and exemplary behavior. These points are the keys to carrying the trust of leadership. From the many leadership models, it shows that the success of a leader lies in their ability to adapt to situations, motivate, and empower the people they lead.
Contribution/value            
This concept illustrates how the leadership of Rasulullah SAW in educational leadership shapes a character of leadership that is honest, trustworthy, and reliable, serving as a role model for all of humanity. This should be a crucial point for future educational leadership to create an effective and efficient environment.
The Prevalence of Food Insecurity among University of Guelph-Humber Kinesiology Students
Authors: Shannon Sarah Jade
Published: January 2025

Food insecurity is defined as inadequate access to sufficient and nourishing food (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO], 2023). Those aged 15-24, particularly post-secondary students may have a higher vulnerability to developing food insecurity (Bhawra et al., 2021). Commuting costs and on-campus food expenses may elevate the risk among undergraduates. The purpose of this study was to measure the prevalence of food insecurity among UofGH Kinesiology students and to explore potential risk factors. We hypothesized that students living apart from their parents or primary caregivers would be more food insecure. Moreover, we predicted that many factors would contribute to higher levels of food insecurity such as employment status. Participants completed a survey consisting of socio-demographic questions and the 2021 Student Food Experience Survey (Maguire et al., 2021) to assess food insecurity. Results categorized students as secure, moderately insecure, and severely insecure. Their responses were analyzed to determine the relationship between socio-demographic indicators and food insecurity. In both the 2022-2023 school year and the Fall 2023 semester, 20% of students were moderately or severely food insecure. The results also demonstrated that being a non-first-generation student, having to borrow money for food, and perceiving that their academics were impacted by lack of access to food, were predictors of food insecurity. This study demonstrates a 20% prevalence of food insecurity and highlights various contributing. The high prevalence of food insecurity shows the need for future research and interventions at the university level to improve the health and wellness of students.
Pemanfaatan Lahan Di Bawah Tegakan Pepaya dalam Budidaya Sawi Pakcoy
Authors: Rahmadani Fitri , Nofrianil Nofrianil , Ibnusina Fedri
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted to utilize the land under the stand as a strategy to increase agricultural area in vegetable cultivation.This study used a Group Randomized Design (GRD) with 3 levels of treatment, namely land without shade, land under immature papaya stands and land under mature papaya stands with 9 replications simultaneously. The total population used was 648 populations with 12 samples of each replication determined by simple random sampling, so the total number of samples was 324. Data analysis was processed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range 5%. (DMRT) test was tested using SPSS 26 software. The results showed that the utilization of land under papaya stands in the pakcoy mustard production business gave the results no significant effect on the observation of variable number of leaves, stem diameter, root crown ratio, and fresh weight of plants. The treatment of shade and no shade has no significant effect on pakcoy. So that in the future it can be applied to the cultivation of pakcoy.
Potensi Bakteri Simbion Rayap sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Rebah Semai (Sclerotium rolfsii) pada Tanaman Kedelai secara In Vitro
Authors: Nanda Vernanda Hani Pradana Sakti , Widura Ardeva Duta , Maulana Achmad Diva , Wiya Zattury Alda , Rofiqoh Risma Azizatur , Alif Trisnani , Dinata Gallyndra Fatkhu
Published: January 2025

Termite symbiotic bacteria have potential as a biological agent that has not been extensively researched. This research aims to uncover the potential of termite symbiotic bacteria as a biological agent against the damping off disease (Sclerotium rolfsii) in soybean plants. The research was conducted in the plant protection laboratory, biosciences laboratory, and innovation garden of Jember State Polytechnic over 4 months. The study was designed based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments, each repeated 4 times. The treatments included: P1 pathogenic fungus as control, P2-P4 pathogen with termite symbiotic bacteria with the highest inhibition percentage, and P6 pathogen S. rolfsii. The stages of the research began with the Isolation of Termite Symbiotic Bacteria, Antagonistic Screening Test, Hypersensitivity Test, and In Vitro Antagonistic Test. From the results of testing four isolates, the ability to inhibit the pathogen S. rolfsii was observed. These isolates are IR1A1, IR1A4, IR1A6, and IR4D2. The effectiveness of inhibiting S. rolfsii ranged from 28.97% to 95.79% in vitro. The most effective bacterial isolate in suppressing the pathogen and capable of surpassing fungicide treatment is isolated IR1A6, which has an inhibition rate of up to 95.79%.
Practicality of Calligraphy Learning Model
Authors: In'ami Moh , Vestia Etika , Setiawan Ade
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the practicality of the calligraphy learning model based on imlaiyyah rules. Imlaiyyah rules need to be mastered by calligraphers, as a means of control so that there are no writing errors in writing verses of the Qur'an. The verses of the Qur'an must be written beautifully visually and grammatically correctly so that every eye that reads it feels comfortable and there are no mistakes in meaning and interpretation. The research method used is the Research & Development (R&D) method. Teachers who teach calligraphy must also find it easy and practical to convey the calligraphy material to be presented. Do not feel burdened, happy to teach it, and can achieve learning targets as desired. The results of this study can be seen from the results of the instructor's response, including the range of very positive qualifications with very practical criteria.
Nivel de complejidad quirúrgica en terceros molares mandibulares de radiografías panorámicas de un hospital público de Lima
Authors:   , Zea Rojas Karen Lilibeth
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de complejidad quirúrgica de terceros molares mandibulares (3MM) según el índice de Pernambuco observadas en radiografías panorámicas (PAN). Materiales y métodos: La muestra fue de 289 3MM observadas en 266 PAN de adultos ≥18 años (50,2% varones, edad media: 36,44±14,86 años) de un hospital público de Lima. Los ocho parámetros del Índice de Pernambuco fueron: edad, índice de masa corporal (18,5-24,9 o ≥25), nivel del plano oclusal, espacio retromolar disponible, ángulo de impactación, curvatura radicular, número de raíces y relación con el 2MM. La prueba Chi cuadrado, U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis se analizó a un P valor de 0,05. Resultados: Los 3MM tuvieron un nivel de complejidad quirúrgica moderada (54,7%) seguido de leve (40,1%). La mayoría presentaron impactación vertical (48,8%), dilaceración (82,7%), dos o más raíces (58,8%) y contacto con la corona del 2MM (72,0%). Una complejidad leve se relacionó a las mujeres y a una mayor edad, mientras que un nivel severo se relacionó a los varones y a una menor edad (p=0,01 [sexo], p=0,009 [edad]). El índice fue mayor en varones (14 [RIQ=4]) que mujeres (13 [RIQ=2]) y se correlacionó de forma negativa leve con la edad (rho=-0,239). Conclusión: El nivel de complejidad quirúrgica de 3MM de adultos peruanos fue moderado asociado principalmente a la curvatura radicular dilacerada, una mayor cantidad de raíces y el contacto con la corona del 2MM. La complejidad fue simétrica por lados, pero varío según el sexo y edad. Una mayor complejidad se observó en varones y en edades más jóvenes.
Clima organizacional y su influencia en el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores en una empresa del sector educativo, distrito de Ricardo Palma (Lima -Perú), 2022
Authors:   , Mayhua Capani Jamel Elmo
Published: January 2025

En las instituciones educativas suele dejarse de lado la percepción del clima organizacional, lo cual condiciona al desempeño laboralmente que es parte fundamental de toda empresa, siendo así que un buen ambiente laboral positivo reflejara un servicio de calidad para la buena formación académica. En la indagación se estableció por objetivo determinar la influencia del clima organizacional en el desempeño laboral en una organización institucional del sector educativo. A través del enfoque cuantitativo, mediante el alcance correlacional-causal y diseño no experimental, estableciéndose mediante la muestra censal de 40 lo cual están agrupados entre coordinadores, docente y personal administrativos, para recopilar datos se empleó con técnica de la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, los análisis indican que existe influencia mediante las dimensiones del CO sobre el desempeño laboral, sin embargo, no se encontró influencia de la variable independiente sobre la dependiente. En conclusión, existe brechas en el servicio, aspectos tales como emotivos, no emplear comunicación vertical y así también el no tomar las riendas para guiar al equipo a cumplir objetivos concretos. En ese marco existe la posibilidad de intervención de otros factores como el tamaño de la muestra, entre otros para esta indagación en particular, debido a la complejidad a no capturar adecuadamente de manera positiva entre las variables abordadas.
Nivel de conocimiento de los padres sobre la anemia ferropénica en niños menores de 5 años en una institución educativa
Authors:   , Huayhua Oviedo Karen Danitza , Rojas Camacho Juana Elvira
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los padres sobre la anemia ferropénica en niños menores de 5 años en una Institución Educativa. Metodología: La investigación viene a ser de enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, con un nivel descriptivo y de corte transversal. Realizado en padres de familia de niños menores de 5 años que cursan el nivel inicial de una Institución Educativa Estatal ubicada en el distrito de San Juan de Miraflores. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 98 padres y con una muestra de 78, se aplicó un cuestionario que constó de 2 dimensiones: Conocimiento sobre generalidades de la anemia ferropénica y Prevención de la anemia ferropénica con una valoración final de: 0 puntos si es incorrecto y 1 punto si es correcto, cuyos resultados nos indicaban si el padre presentaba: Conocimiento Alto (16-20), Conocimiento Medio (10-15) y Conocimiento Bajo (0-9). Resultados: The predominant level of knowledge was medium (61.90%), followed by high (20.24%) and low (17.86%). Conclusión: Los padres de familia presentario un nivel de conocimiento medio, en cuanto a los conocimientos generales y prevencion de la anemia ferropénica.
Relación entre el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de prevención del dengue en la población de Ampliación Oasis, distrito de Villa El Salvador
Authors:   , Centeno Cotrina Dayana Melissa , Ferrel Ccasa Alexandra Stefany
Published: January 2025

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas preventivas del dengue en la población de Lima Sur. Materiales y métodos. Se efectúo una indagación de tipo aplicada, no experimental, de enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño de nivel relacional y de corte transversal. Se utilizó un instrumento denominado "Conocimiento, Actitudes y Prácticas Preventivas (CAP)", aprobado por juicios de expertos y prueba piloto que arrojó un coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach de 0.7. La muestra estuvo conformada por 200 sujetos. Resultados. La distribución por edades mostró que el 59% se encontraba en el rango de 18 a 40 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (77.5%); el 62.5% reportó ser conviviente, mientras que el 61% tenía estudios secundarios; en cuanto al abastecimiento de agua, el 86% la obtenía de cisternas; respecto al nivel de conocimiento sobre el dengue, el 63.5% presentó un bajo nivel; en lo que respecta a la actitud ante el manejo del dengue, 90.5% mostró una actitud positiva; finalmente, en cuanto a las prácticas preventivas, el 71.5% se encontraba en proceso; estos resultados sugieren una correlación significativa entre las variables, con un valor de p = 0.000. Conclusión. Se evidencia una correlación lineal múltiple entre el nivel de conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas preventivas del dengue en los sujetos estudiados.
Adicción a redes sociales y procrastinación académica en estudiantes universitarios de Lima
Authors:   , Lunahuana Rosales Manuel Alexander
Published: January 2025

El uso de redes sociales en el Perú incrementó considerablemente a partir del confinamiento social por la Covid-19 y trajo consigo un riesgo de adicción a ellas. El problema de la adicción a redes sociales y la procrastinación académica se encuentran hoy perjudicando principalmente a los universitarios. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre la adicción a redes sociales y la procrastinación académica de un grupo de universitarios limeños. A partir de un estudio cuantitativo de tipo transversal se encuestó a un total de 223 universitarios. Se utilizaron 4 instrumentos de recolección de datos: Cuestionario de Adicción a Redes Sociales - ARS (Escurra y Salas, 2014), Escala de riesgo de adicción adolescente a redes sociales e internet - ERA-RSI (Peris et al., 2018), Escala de procrastinación académica - EPA (Busko, 1998) y Escala adaptada de procrastinación de Tuckman – ATPS (Tuckman, 1990; Furlan, Piemontesi, Illbele y Sánchez-Rosas, 2010). Los resultados mostraron una relación positiva y de magnitud moderada entre los niveles de adicción a redes sociales y la procrastinación académica en la muestra de universitarios limeños (r= .49; p<0.010). Asimismo, un modelo de regresión múltiple evidenció que la adicción a redes sociales ejerció un efecto significativo sobre la procrastinación académica explicando el 26.4% de su varianza.
Selective transport of primordial signatures across the core-mantle boundary by adsorption
Authors: Deng Jie , Peng Yihang , Yu Yaochen , Li Junwei , Du Zhixue , Long Tao , Niu Haiyang
Published: January 2025

The anti-correlation between the 3He/4He and 182W/184W ratios observed in some ocean island basalts suggests possible core contributions to the plume source. However, the mechanism by which He and W are transported across the core-mantle boundary remains elusive. Here, we combine high-pressure experiments and large-scale atomistic simulations to assess element transport from the core to the mantle via oxide exsolution. We find that adsorption can effectively operate at ultra-high temperatures under planetary core conditions. Ferropericlase nanoparticles can selectively adsorb W but not Pt, suggesting that W may be fractionated from highly siderophile elements by oxide exsolution. The adsorption mechanism may imprint core-like isotopic signatures onto ocean island basalts and potentially affect the Earth’s deep geochemical cycles.
Diversity, abundance of anopheline species, and malaria transmission dynamics in high-altitude areas of western Cameroon
Authors: KIAM Belinda Claire , BOUOPDA Aline Gaelle TUEDOM , IBRAHIMA Ibrahima , WHITE Samuel J , TCHUENKAM Pacôme K. , POPKIN-HALL Zachary R. , MBOUH Mariama , MBIDA Jean Arthur MBIDA , NANSSONG Charlène Tina , ABATE Luc Marcel , ONGUENE Clément Janvier , TUMAMO Brigitte FOTSO , SADLER Jacob M. , PARR Jonathan B. , LIN Jessica T. , JULIANO Jonathan J. , MBULLI Innocent Ali , DINGLASAN Rhoel R. , NSANGO Sandrine Eveline
Published: January 2025

Background: Assessing vector bionomics is crucial to improving vector control strategies. Several entomological studies have been conducted to describe malaria transmission in different eco-epidemiological settings in Cameroon; knowledge gaps persist, particularly in highland areas. This study aimed to characterize malaria vectors in three localities along an altitudinal gradient in the western region: Santchou (700 m), Dschang (1400 m), and Penka Michel (1500 m).
Methods: Human landing catches were conducted from May to June 2023 from 6:00 pm to 9:00 am. Mosquitoes were sorted into genera, and all Anopheles species were identified using morphological taxonomic keys and species-specific Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR). Entomological indicators were assessed including species composition and abundance, biting behavior, infection rate, and entomological inoculation rate (EIR). Genomic DNA from the head and thoraces were tested for Plasmodiuminfection by real-time PCR.
Results: 2,835 Anopheles mosquitoes were identified, including An. gambiae, An. coluzzii, An. funestus, An. leesoni, An. nili, and An. ziemanni, with An. gambiae being the most prevalent at all sites. The human-biting rate of An. gambiae s.l. was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) in Penka Michel compared to Santchou and Dschang (45.25 b/h/n vs 3.1 b/h/n and 0.41 b/h/n), and appears to be the most infected vector, and infectious vector distribution is highly focal, with entomological inoculation rates 13-fold higher in Penka Michel compared to Santchou (1.11 vs 0.08ibites/human/night). P. falciparum was the dominant malaria parasite (67% at Santchou, 62% at Penka Michel), but P. malariae (30%) and P. ovale (1.21%) infections were also detected.
Conclusion: The study highlights a difference in mosquito composition and host-seeking behavior with altitude and the need for continued surveillance to monitor vector populations and prevent potential malaria outbreaks in these highland areas.
Peaks and pitfalls of electrocatalytic descriptor models at the example of CO2 reduction
Authors: Oh Jihun , Kim Beomil , Han Seungchang , Wang Suneon , Ringe Stefan
Published: January 2025

Electrocatalysis advances rely on the development of efficient catalysts. Systematic material design hinges on identifying activity and selectivity descriptors. While adsorption energy descriptors have helped predict new materials, they are typically based on pure metals, uncertain of their applicability to complex materials like alloys. Here, we systematically analyze the validity of descriptor models for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR). For this, we prepare gold, silver, and palladium alloys of variable composition and confirm experimentally the continuous variation of the d-band center (i.e. the CO adsorption energy) and work function (i.e. the potential of zero charge). Our results indicate that while the d-band center is the decisive factor for CO production, it, along with the work function, fails to fully explain the production of HCOO− and H2. Designing a copper-like alloy based on the matching of these descriptor values showed no formation of C2 products (as commonly expected for copper). This breakdown of the descriptor model is explained from first-principles calculations by the heterogeneity of the surface leading to different deactivation pathways for C2 product formation. Our results highlight the problems in transferring conventional descriptor models to more complex, heterogeneous materials motivating future developments.
A high-performance all-silicon photodetector enabling telecom-wavelength detection at room temperature
Authors: Berencén Yonder , Shaikh Mohd , Catuneanu Mircea-Traian , Echresh Ahmad , Li Rang , Wen Shuyu , Godoy-Pérez Guillermo , Prucnal Slawomir , Helm Manfred , Georgiev Yordan , Jamshidi Kambiz , Zhou Shengqiang
Published: January 2025

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are crucial for advancing optical communications, promising substantial gains in data transmission speed, bandwidth, and energy efficiency compared to conventional electronics 1 . Telecom-wavelength photodetectors, operating near 1550 nm, are indispensable in PICs, where they enable the sensitive and low-noise conversion of optical signals to electrical signals for efficient data processing. While silicon is ideal for passive optical components, its limited absorption in the optical telecommunication range (1260–1625 nm) typically necessitates integrating an alternative material, such as germanium2, for photodetection — a process that introduces significant fabrication challenges3. Here, we present a high-performance, all-silicon photodetector, grating- and waveguide-coupled, which operates at room temperature within the optical telecom C band. By introducing deep-level impurities into silicon at concentrations close to the solid-solubility limit, we enable efficient sub-bandgap absorption without compromising recombination carrier lifetimes and mobilities. This detector achieves a responsivity of 0.56 A/W, a quantum efficiency of 44.8%, a bandwidth of 5.9 GHz, and a noise-equivalent power of 4.2×10− 10 W/Hz¹/² at 1550 nm, fulfilling requirements for telecom applications. Our approach provides a scalable and cost-effective solution for the monolithic integration of telecom-wavelength photodetectors into silicon-based PICs, advancing the development of compact photonic systems for modern communication infrastructures.
Ether-linked phospholipidomic profiling unveils novel lipid fingerprints and algorithm predicts the future development of carotid plaques in postmenopausal women: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Xuan Qiuhui , Li Qihang , Lu Yitong , Du Xiaoqian , Ma Xiaotong , Xu Yunyun , Sun Qinjian
Published: January 2025

Background
Serum ether-linked phospholipids (ePLs) have gained attention in metabolic disease research. Postmenopausal women face a higher risk of developing atherosclerosis (AS), yet current methods for risk prediction and understanding of AS pathophysiology remain limited. This study aimed to identify ePL biomarkers linked to AS, assess their chemical composition in relation to AS risk, and explore whether their impact is mediated by clinical risk factors in postmenopausal women.
Methods
Here, this research was conducted within the Rose Asymptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis (RICAS) prospective study and included 203 postmenopausal women without carotid plaques at baseline. After a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 51 participants developed new carotid plaques. Baseline serum ePLs were semi-quantitated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Results
The mean age of participants was 60.51 (±7.83) years. A total of 85 unique ePL species across five lipid subclasses were identified and quantified according to lipid internal standards. Multivariate models indicated global metabolic disruptions in ePLs preceding carotid plaque formation. Six ePLs were identified as potential biomarkers associated with AS risk (VIP > 1, p < 0.05, FDR < 0.05). After adjusting for age, BMI, TG, and LDL-C, four polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing ePLs remained significantly associated with carotid plaque risk (OR > 1, p < 0.05). Causal mediation analysis indicated that LDL-C mediated the effects of these ePLs on AS. A machine-learning model incorporating these ePLs with clinical parameters significantly improved carotid plaque prediction (AUC: 0.835, Net Reclassification Improvement > 0, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
This study highlighted importance of metabolic disruption in PUFA-ePLs for the development of AS. Our findings support the notion that metabolic disruption of PUFA-ePLs can affect LDL-C levels, which is the primary driver of AS in postmenopausal women. Ether-linked phospholipidome as a valuable phenotype hold potential clinical utility in the prediction of AS.
Melorheostosis affecting contiguous multi-segment thoracic vertebrae resulting in bilateral lower limb paralysis: A case report
Authors: Zhang Hongqi , Long Junlin , Li Tao , Gao Qile , Tang Mingxing
Published: January 2025

Background: Melorheostosis is a non-hereditary, benign, sclerotic bone dysplasia that typically affects a single limb, involving both bones and adjacent soft tissues. It is rare in both clinical and radiological presentations.As the disease rarely involves the spine and exhibits inconspicuous early symptoms, it is frequently overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and missed treatment windows. Recently, we successfully diagnosed and managed a patient.
Case presentation: A 30-year-old male presented with a one-year history of progressive numbness and weakness in both lower limbs without obvious cause. Following a full-length X-ray of the lower limbs, a diagnosis of melorheostosis was considered, and conservative drug therapy was initiated. However, his symptoms worsened, progressing to paraplegia.At our hospital, further spine computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple signal changes in the thoracic vertebrae, spinal canal stenosis at the T6-T8 levels, and spinal cord degeneration at the corresponding segments.The patient underwent thoracic spinal canal decompression surgery, resulting in significant improvement in the symptoms of both lower limbs postoperatively.
Conclusion: This case suggests that in patients with melorheostosis presenting with neurological symptoms, potential spinal involvement should be considered. Comprehensive spinal examinations and timely diagnosis and treatment are essential for better prognosis.
Incidence of pelvic fractures after definitive radiotherapy for cervical cancer: A retrospective multi-center cohort study: IPFAR study
Authors: Shirakawa Shinsuke , Nagao Shoji , Yoshio Kotaro , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Imafuku Noriaki , Yamamoto Dan , Yorimitsu Masae , Kodama Junichi , Nagasaka Hisako , Nakanishi Yoshie , Masuyama Hisashi
Published: January 2025

Background
This multicenter study aimed to identify risk factors for pelvic insufficiency fractures (PIFs) in women who received definitive radiotherapy (RT) as initial treatment for cervical cancer and to were examine differences in the incidence of PIFs across institutions.
Methods
Medical records of 208 women who received definitive RT as the initial treatment for cervical cancer at four institutions between January 2016 and December 2018 reviewed.
Results
The median age was 61.5 years (range: 29–93 years). Overall, 59 patients (28.4%) developed PIF, 48 (81.4%) of them within two years from completion of RT. Multivariate analysis identified menopausal status, as well as the institution where RT was performed, as independent risk factors for PIF. The incidences of PIF were 19.8%, 33.9%, 18.9%, and 50% in Institution A, B, C, and D, respectively. The hazard ratio for Institution D (based on Institution A) was 1.214 (95% confident interval: 1.015–1.412). However, no statistically significant differences in patient backgrounds or RT details were observed among institutions.
Conclusions
Despite targeting the same population and implementing similar RT treatment protocols, significant differences in PIF rates were observed among institutions. Caution should be exercised when making direct comparisons between institutions.
Climate awareness, and psychological responses to climate change among Turkish youth
Authors: Ünver Hatice , Akmehmet Sümeyye Sarıbaş , Fiş Neşe Perdahlı
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Climate change has important implications for the health of young people. This study explored how young people experience climate change.
Methods: This is a scale investigation of climate change in adolescents. A 25-item data form was developed by the researchers and included questions on climate awareness, health problems and prevention.
Results: The sample consisted of 208 participants (145 girls, 63 boys) aged 11-18 years. To the question ‘How much does climate change affect your life?’, 17.8% (n=37) of the sample answered none, 24.0% (n=50) mild, 27.4% (n=57) moderate and 8.7% (n=18) quite, 4.8% (n=10) much. To the question ‘Can climate change cause psychological symptoms?’ 40.9% (n=85) of the participants answered yes, 11.1% (n=23) answered no and 47.1% (n=98) said they were not sure. The most commonly psychological symptoms observed during the extreme heatwaves periods were irritability, sleep problems and anhedonia. Appetite problems were significantly more common in girls than in boys (z= -3.289, p= 0.001). 116 (55.8%) of the participants considered the current prevention efforts for climate change to be inadequate.
Discussion: According to the results of the study, young people were affected by the climate change and observed many psychological symptoms during the extreme heatwaves periods.
Examining the Factor Structure of Objective Health Literacy and Numeracy Scales
Authors: Moriishi Chihiro , Takano Keisuke , Oba Takeyuki , Konishi Naoki , Katahira Kentaro , Kimura Kenta
Published: January 2025

Background:
Scales for measuring health literacy and numeracy have been broadly classified into performance-based (objective) and self-reported (subjective) scales. Both types of scales have been widely used in research and practice; however, they are not always consistent and may assess different latent constructs. Furthermore, an increasing number of objective measures have been developed and it is unclear how many latent factors should be assumed. Therefore, we aimed to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of items assessing objective health literacy across multiple scales and to clarify which aspects of objective health literacy would be correlated with subjective measures, as well as health behaviors and lifestyles.
Methods:
Five objective scales (72 items in total) were administered to Japanese-speaking adults (N = 16,097; 7722 women; mean age = 54.89). The analyzed scales included items assessing the numeracy, comprehension, and application of health information, some of which were contextualized for specific diseases such as diabetes and cancer. Participants’ responses were submitted to exploratory factor analysis, and individual factor scores were calculated to test correlations with subjective health literacy, health behavior, and lifestyle.
Results:
Exploratory factor analysis identified three factors, which were interpreted as numeracy, comprehension, and synthesis, respectively. All numeracy items loaded onto the same factor, even when contextualized for different diseases. The comprehension factor consisted of items about medical word comprehension, and the synthesis factor was characterized by items assessing the ability to read and understand health-related information and make judgments on it using their own knowledge. The identified factors showed high inter-factor correlations (rs = 0.54–0.67) and small-to-moderate correlations with subjective health literacy (rs = 0.15–0.44). Additionally, each factor indicated small positive correlations with healthy diet and nutrition and less substance use (rs = 0.19–0.26).
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that scales of objective health literacy have at least three latent constructs (numeracy, comprehension, and synthesis) and that disease specificity is not psychometrically prominent. Each factor has some overlap with subjective health literacy, but overall, subjective and objective health literacy should be interpreted as independent constructs given the small-to-modest correlations.
A Deep Learning Method for Non-Uniform Flow Field Based on KAN and MLP Neural Networks
Authors: YuanGao  , XinWang
Published: January 2025

Fluid-solid interaction(FSI) has always been a hot topic in the field of fluid mechanics. Because the flow field of FSI is highly inhomogeneous, when the initial conditions change with time, the inhomogeneity of the flow field in time and space will be further aggravated. The forward and inverse solutions of physical information neural networks (PINNs) in fluid mechanics have been widely studied and significant progress has been made. The technology of learning and reconstructing the flow field with PINNs is relatively mature. However, there are still large errors in predicting the flow field with uneven temporal and spatial distribution. Neural networks(NN) cannot capture some local details in learning. In addition, the generalization characteristics of NNs will also weaken the learning of local highlight areas. Therefore, inspired by the confidence weight, this paper proposes a local reinforcement learning (LRL) method to solve the above problems. It is found that LRL has a good effect on local learning. Based on the LRL method, the applicability of three different NN frameworks in the reconstruction of FSI flow fields is tested, namely, multilayer perceptron(MLP), KAN and KAN + MLP. For the MLP framework, the details of the inhomogeneous flow field can be learned more accurately. For the KAN framework, by setting different depths and widths for NN, it is found that the prediction accuracy of KAN does not depend on the scale of NN, but has specific settings for specific problems. However, when applying the LRL method, the prediction effect of KAN is not particularly ideal, so the KAN + MLP framework is proposed as an improved method. The prediction effect is relatively ideal, but it takes a lot of time to train. In this study, the performance of the new framework KAN in inhomogeneous flow field is tested, which provides ideas and basis for further research on its application scope and practical effect in fluid mechanics.
Impact of Extrusion, ECAP, and Annealing on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Biocorrosion Behavior of the ZX10 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Raguraman Sreenivas , Kim Andrew , Ayodeji Tunde , Griebel Adam J. , Bershadsky Diana , Nguyen Tram , Weihs Timothy P.
Published: January 2025

Magnesium alloys are increasingly recognized as promising materials for biomedical implants due to their low density, biocompatibility, and favorable mechanical properties. However, achieving a balance between mechanical strength and bio-corrosion resistance remains a critical challenge. This study evaluates the effects of three thermomechanical processing techniques — extrusion (EXT), Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), and ECAP followed by low-temperature annealing at 150°C for 10 hours (ECAP-A) — on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and bio-corrosion behavior of the ZX10 magnesium alloy. EXT resulted in a coarse, elongated grain structure, increased volume fraction of Mg2Ca particles, and moderate mechanical and corrosion performance. ECAP lowered the volume fraction of Mg2Ca particles and significantly refined the grain structure, and increased dislocation density, improving hardness by 80%, yield strength, and ductility. However, the corrosion rate doubled due to the high dislocation density. Post-ECAP annealing (ECAP-A) mitigated this limitation, reducing the corrosion rate to 1.50 mm/year while maintaining a high yield strength (>200 MPa). This improvement was driven by a uniform distribution of the Ca2Mg6Zn3 phase, a further reduction of the Mg2Ca phase, and decreased dislocation density. These findings demonstrate that ECAP, followed by annealing, optimally balances mechanical performance and bio-corrosion resistance, making the ZX10 magnesium alloy a promising candidate for biodegradable implant applications
Decadal Georeservoir Property Evolution Under Waterflooding: A Hierarchical Statistical and Laboratory-Based Comparative Analysis
Authors: Fang Zihe , Du Chenguang , Gao Wenyu , Li Zihao , Li Xiangming
Published: January 2025

The variability in georeservoir properties induced by waterflooding introduces complex predictability challenges, influenced by natural and engineered phenomena. Despite the global prevalence of mature sandstone reservoirs subjected to long-term waterflooding, the effects of waterflooding, especially after extended periods of application, are not well understood. To address this, a comprehensive series of laboratory-based experiments and hierarchical statistical analyses were conducted on a large set of core samples. Some of them experienced over a decade of waterflooding before they were drilled out. This unique real-world dataset ensures high reliability and statistical significance. The laboratory experiments revealed the georeservoir was impacted significantly due to preferential channels development, pore structure modification, and mineralogical changes associated with waterflooding. Specifically, waterflooding was able to influence reservoir wettability, transitioning rock surfaces towards greater hydrophilic, leading to the relative permeability changing. Cast thin sections illustrated that prolonged water flooding significantly dissolved the edges of clastic particles susceptible to water erosion, further elucidating changes in porosity and permeability. Permeability sensitivity tests on current phase samples indicated a general sensitivity ranging from weak to medium-weak. The pore network structure was further analyzed using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), confirming the influence of preferential channels by enhancing the overall porosity-permeability characteristics. Considering the fact that the overall recovery did not increase although the improvement of porosity-permeability, the primary reason behind this phenomenon can be confirmed as the emergence of preferential channels. Moreover, hierarchical statistical models fitted by MIP data quantitatively evaluate the evolution of the georeservoir from the initial to current phase. The validity of the models are also confirmed through statistical approaches. This comprehensive set of laboratory-based and statistical studies provides valuable insights into the impact of waterflooding on sandstone reservoir properties and illuminates the developmental strategy of these reservoirs post-waterflooding.
Ensino de primeiros socorros na educação infantil: produção musical
Authors: PEREIRA Ageu Costa , KAMEO Simone Yuriko , SANTOS Carlos Kauan de Jesus , PEIXOTO Magna Galvão , JESUS João Paulo Santos de , NEVES Simone Otília Cabral , GOMES Ariana Izabely da Silva
Published: January 2025

Trata-se de um relato de experiência com a finalidade de descrever a vivência de discentes da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) durante a ação no projeto de extensão intitulado Socorristas Mirins: ensinando crianças a salvar vidas. Este projeto visa capacitar crianças para exercer práticas iniciais de suporte básico de vida, utilizando a música como ferramenta auxiliadora na aprendizagem dos primeiros socorros. As músicas com os temas relacionados aos primeiros socorros foram criadas pelos discentes, aproximando e facilitando a aprendizagem das crianças. Foram realizadas visitas às escolas públicas e privadas com a equipe do projeto, constituída por docentes e discentes da UFS, campus Lagarto-Sergipe. Nessas visitas, os discentes promoveram a capacitação dos primeiros socorros, alinhando-se ao universo infantil e elencando os conteúdos de uma forma lúdica, dinâmica, criativa, eficaz e adequada à idade. Ao final das visitas, as crianças tornaram-se capacitadas com as habilidades sugeridas, dispondo a música, papel essencial nos resultados alcançados.
Systemic therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer: a literature review
Authors: Dzhelialov E. S. , Sleptsov I. V. , Chernikov R. A. , Timofeeva N. I. , Belousov A. M.
Published: January 2025

Background. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare but aggressive disease with an extremely low survival rate. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic options have enabled the development of a multidisciplinary approach (surgery + radiation therapy + systemic antitumor therapy options) that has improved overall survival, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. However, despite the widespread use of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, patient outcomes remain disappointing. Objective. To analyze literature data on approaches to systemic therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer, highlight the key disadvantages of existing treatment methods and identify promising areas of research in this area. Material and Methods. The literature search for the review was performed using the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, the Cochrane library, and RSCI. During the literature search, 395 sources were analyzed, 59 scientific publications were selected. the review included studies covering the period from 1985 to 2024. Results. This review analyzes the current state of systemic therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer. Chemotherapy remains one of the main methods of treatment, but its effectiveness is limited, and toxicity limits its use in weakened patients. lack of sensitivity in patients with a target mutation and acquired resistance limit the effectiveness of targeted therapy, and insufficient efficiency and the need for waiting time for the effect to be realized limit the benefits of immunotherapy. Based on the results obtained, the most optimal treatment modality appears to be combination therapy (targeted therapy + immunotherapy). Conclusion. Despite advances in therapy modalities, prognosis for patients remains unfavorable. Further research is necessary to develop more effective and safe treatments. Particular attention should be paid to the study of the molecular mechanisms of the development of anaplastic thyroid cancer and resistance to systemic therapy, the search for new targets for targeted therapy and the improvement of approaches combined with immunotherapy.