bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los impresores giunta/junta (s. xv-xvii), en la biblioteca del palacio de Peralada
Authors: Padrosa Gorgot Inés
Published: July 2022

En el escrito dedicado a Los libros de Pedro Antonio de Aragón en la Biblioteca del Palacio de Peralada, publicado recientemente, se daba a conocer el origen de la biblioteca peraladense gracias a la labor de los hermanos Rocabertí.
El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar un conjunto de cuarenta y un ejemplares con un denominador común: haber sido impresos por el prestigioso linaje italiano cuyo apellido aparece de distintas formas ‒Giunta, Giuntae, Giuncta, Giunti, Iuntae o Junta‒, según operaran en Italia, en Francia o bien en España. Aproximadamente, el cuarenta y nueve por ciento de estos ejemplares procede de la biblioteca condal, el resto llega a Peralada gracias a las adquisiciones de D. Miguel Mateu Pla (1898-1972).
Con la intención de facilitar al investigador la continuación de la historia, dedicaremos la parte introductoria a la trayectoria cultural y bibliófila de D. Miguel, para proceder a continuación a detallar los ejemplares conservados en Peralada impresos en los tres países en los que operaron y las correspondientes ciudades –en las Repúblicas de Venecia y Florencia; en el Reino de Francia (Lyon-Lugduni) y en la Corona de Castilla (Burgos, Salamanca y Madrid)–, y analizar sus características especiales y únicas como las encuadernaciones, las procedencias debidas a la Desamortización, antiguos propietarios y distintos tipos de exlibris.
La clasificación de los Sutras Mahāyāna en el Catálogo de Maurice Courant de la Biblioteca Nacional de Francia
Authors: Qie Yonghuan , Parra Valero Pablo , Carpallo Bautista Antonio
Published: July 2022

El catálogo de Courant es uno de los tres catálogos publicados en el siglo pasado por el sinólogo francés Maurice Courant que recoge una gran parte de los libros chinos del budismo conservados en la Biblioteca Nacional de Francia. Su contribución tanto para la propia biblioteca como para el ámbito científico es evidente como prueba el hecho de que en la actualidad los investigadores continúan citando estos catálogos en sus obras. Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de algunos libros budistas recogidos en este catálogo, en concreto la serie que abarca las signaturas comprendidas entre Chinois 5727 y Chinois 6073 y que en su mayoría se ocupa de los sutras Mahāyāna, excepto los sutras mixtos. El término sutra se refiere a los discursos del Buda, mientras que el Mahāyāna sutra es el término general para los escritos del budismo Mahāyāna. Basándonos en este catálogo y tomando algunos libros de los sutras Mahāyāna como ejemplos, se investiga la clasificación utilizada por Courant y la organización temática que hace de los mismos. Maurice Courant finalizó el catálogo a principios del siglo XX, utilizando un sistema de clasificación occidental y no uno chino. En esa época no había una clasificación específica para los libros budistas y la proporción de estos en la clasificación tradicional de libros chinos es escasa. Algunas de las categorías de los sutras del catálogo de Courant son erróneas por distintos motivos tanto objetivos como subjetivos que se explican a lo largo del trabajo.
Landscapes in The Graphic Novels of Chris Ware, Gabrielle Bell and Adrian Tomine: Attributes Shared with Woodblock Prints of Kawase Hasui
Authors: HASIRCI Baris
Published: July 2022

A common attribute of the graphic novels of Chris Ware, Gabrielle Bell and Adrian Tomine is panels, portraying landscapes that invoke melancholy. The illustration styles are cartoonish yet realistic which lends itself to comedy and tragedy. Some emotional scenes are relayed through illustrations of landscapes that show natural elements such as the sky and trees. They also include elements of modern life such as cars and buildings. By illustrating the timelessness of nature and modern living, these works remind of the woodblock prints of Kawase Hasui. The Shin-hanga prints of Hasui are made with the influence of Impressionism which is influenced by Ukiyo-e. As with the Impressionists, the artists of Shin-hanga presented topics such as landscapes by reflecting fleeting light and the individual experiences they invoke. Hasui represents nature in its quiet glory, mixing it with the everyday which is also in the spirit of the mentioned graphic novelists’ works. This study uncovers the approaches that create the emotional landscape illustrations in graphic novels by determining their common attributes with Shin-hanga. Through the chosen artwork, this discussion aims to contribute to the existing discourse on graphic novels and provide a basis for further understanding of this art form. Keywords: Graphic Novels, Illustration, Landscape Painting, Impressionism, Shin-hanga
Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk (KSS) İle Firma Performansı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BORAK Metin
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of CSR performance on financial performance in Borsa Istanbul. For this purpose, financial and non-financial data of 51 companies between 2009-2020 are used. In the current study, the scores under the "Stakeholders" heading of corporate governance ratings represent CSR performance. Return on assets (ROA) represents the performance of the firm. Additionally, firm size (natural logarithm of total assets), leverage (total liabilities divided by total assets), and book-to-market variables are included in the analysis as control variables. The findings indicate that CSR performance and company performance have a concave relationship. The association between CSR performance and corporate financial performance is, in other words, an inverted U-shaped. Among the control variables, the coefficient of firm size is positive and significant, while the coefficients of the book-to-market and leverage variables are negative and significant. According to these results, while CSR performance increases the firm's performance up to a certain point, it decreases after a certain point. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Firm Performance, Panel Data Analysis
Os planos municipais de integração de refugiados em Portugal (2015-2022)
Authors: Costa Paulo Manuel , Sousa Lúcio
Published: July 2022

The local ambit has been identified as an important factor for the success of the migrant integration process. This importance was recognized at the political level, in such a way that some municipalities approved integration plans, although these are characterized by the almost absence of mentions to the situation of refugees. Following the influx of refugees to Europe in 2015 and the relocation process of which Portugal was part, followed by a larger program to host resettled refugees, plans for the integration of refugees emerged in some municipalities and, in other cases, the refugee category emerged in the renewed plans. The purpose of this article is to carry out a comparative analysis of local policies for the integration of refugees developed by Portuguese municipalities, investigating the way in which the refugee category is incorporated into the integration plans and in what terms the adopted measures incorporate the specificities associated with their social integration. This study is exploratory and is based on documentary sources, namely the municipal plans for the integration of immigrants and refugees submitted in 2015-2017, 2018-2020 and 2020-2022.
Museu como potência educativa: a exposição “Imigração no Paraná” no Museu Paranaense
Authors: Junior Renato Carneiro
Published: July 2022

This article proposes the experience of assembling a long term exhibition regarding the coming of immigrants to Paraná, a state in southern Brazil, in late XIX and early XXI century. Starting from a collective and inclusive curatorship of many social groups representing the main ethnicities that comprise the paranaense population, the exhibition, inaugurated in September 2017 at the Paranaense Museum, has the aim to demystify the narrative where nationalities ought to be celebrated, and others forgotten. The focus was on the historical process of occupation of the territory and the cultural legacy, both material and immaterial, that immigrant groups left, such as language, symbols, traditions and customs. This exhibition employed school groups and visitors’ attendance as a starting point to reflect on the reality of immigrants and a bigger acceptance by local population.
A Associação de Classe dos Industriais de Padarias do Porto na Crise das Subsistências
Authors: Reis José Pedro
Published: July 2022

The present article intends to scrutinize the role of the Class Association of the Bakery Industrialists of Oporto in the course of the Livelihoods Crisis as a consequence of the First World War. It is an enquiry into the activity of a class association that was heavily involved in the daily life of its community and also in the instability caused by that conflict. Previous studies have mostly referred only to the consumer, his role and his difficulties, neglecting the producers’ association, which for obvious reasons has considerable importance in food supply. With the help of a vast bibliography, periodicals and the funds of the Arquivo Distrital do Porto, we will try to understand how the association dealt with the countless difficulties in the supply of raw materials to the bakeries of the city, which obviously strangled the commercial circuits, and above all, how it faced the enormous pressure from ordinary citizens seeking to guarantee the fundamental pillar of their diet.
Activation Induced Deaminase and Potential Therapeutic Avenues
Authors: Wojtara Magda
Published: July 2022

Activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is an important enzyme that creates mutations in DNA via deamination of a cytosine base into a uracil. AID, also referred to as activation induced deaminase (AICDA), plays a crucial part in the human immune response as it is essential for isotype switching and cellular differentiation. However, aberrant expressions in some pathways has been implicated in a plethora of diseases. There is a pressing need for research and comparison of current literature that informs related therapies. Previous studies have explored potential mechanisms by which AID works and subsequently ways to target gene therapies based on this information. Due to AID’s complexity, there have been many challenges along the path that led to our current understanding of the beneficial and harmful nature of AID. Furthermore, a better understanding of the way AID works can aid with the development of more efficacious therapies. Although further research on the topic and additional testing in humans and animal models are needed, it is clear that AID may play an important role in the development of therapeutic treatments in diseases like cancer, lupus, and type 1 diabetes.
Neurogenesis: Gene-Based Strategies for Treating Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hrishikesh Bhagwat  , Bronstein Sophie , Bhatt Anar , Nguyen Vanloan
Published: July 2022

Stroke is one of the predominant causes of long-term disability and death, and is characterized by the cessation of blood flow to part of the brain, preventing it from accessing oxygen and nutrients needed for ATP production and proper function. Ischemic stroke, the most prevalent type of stroke, involves an obstruction such as a blood clot in a blood vessel. Current treatments seek to remove the obstruction and restore blood flow, but are time-limited and do not reverse tissue damage once it has occurred. The endogenous response to ischemic stroke involves an increase in neurogenesis but falls short in producing functional recovery. Gene therapy that enhances neurogenesis has provided encouraging results in animal models. Preclinical studies in this area have utilized neurotrophic factors that can promote migration of cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ). The transcription factor NeuroD1 converts reactive glial cells, which increase during ischemia, into neurons that integrate into the existing circuits of the brain. The clinical value of gene therapy depends upon the development of safe and efficient administration methods. In this review, we draw from scientific literature to evaluate the relevant genes and vectors for treating ischemic stroke through neurogenesis, and discuss strategies to overcome current limitations of gene therapy in human patients.
The Challenges of Diagnosis and Management of Geriatrics with Systemic Sclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Putra IGNG Bayu Prawira , Kuswardhani RA Tuty
Published: July 2022

Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is a rheumatic autoimmune disease characterized by skin fibrosis, internal organ damage, and systemic vasculopathy. Scleroderma in elderly patients presents with non-specific symptoms that overlap with another medical condition.
A woman, 63 years old, came with a chief complaint of thickening and darkening of the skin since ten years ago. The patient also complained of shortness of breath and decreased urine in 3 weeks. On physical examination, the patient was having ascites. Multiple diffuse hyperpigmented in the thoracal, abdominal, and extremities areas. Based on the 2013 ACR/EULAR (American College of Rheumatology; European League Against Rheumatism) classification criteria, the patient was diagnosed with scleroderma with systemic sclerosis, overlapping with other medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease stage V, urinary tract infection, and hypoalbuminemia.
Most of the systemic symptoms in systemic sclerosis patients were not specific. The progressive cardiopulmonary disease is critical in systemic sclerosis, especially in geriatrics. Interstitial lung disease can progress to pulmonary hypertension as a late and terminal complication. It is recommended for routine screening for interstitial lung disease.

Keywords: Scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, geriatric.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Auditor Inspectorate Performance of Tebing Tinggi City and Pematangsiantar City with Auditor Motivation As A Moderating Variables
Authors: Sinulingg Christhopi Sukma , Yahya Idhar , Lumbanraja Prihatin
Published: July 2022

This study examines and analyzes the effect of educational background, continuing education, independence, knowledge, and experience on auditor performance with Motivation as a moderating variable. The population in this study were the inspectorate auditors of the Tebing Tinggi City and Pematangsiantar City, with the sampling technique using the census method and obtaining a sample of 40 auditors. The data is subsequently analyzed using Statistical Descriptive Analysis and Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 3.0. software program. The results of this study indicate that educational background, continuing education, and independence partially have a positive and significant effect on auditor performance. While the knowledge and experience partially do not affect the auditor's performance. In addition, Motivation as a moderating variable has not been able to moderate the influence of educational background, continuing education, independence, knowledge, and experience on the performance of the inspectorate auditors of Tebing Tinggi City and Pematangsiantar City.

Keywords: Educational background, continuing education, independence, knowledge, experience, auditor's motivation dan auditor performance..
The Effect of Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Profitability, Company Size, and Asset Growth on Systematic Risk in Manufacturing Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Turnip Pebrina Sabatini , Muda Iskandar , . Rujiman
Published: July 2022

This study examines and analyzes the effect of Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Profitability, Company Size, and Asset Growth on Systematic Risk in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study was 169 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period, with a saturated sampling technique, namely a census sampling technique where the entire population was sampled, but only 132 samples. The data analysis method used descriptive statistical tests, classical assumption tests, and panel data regression analysis with statistical data processing software tools, namely Eviews.
The study results of financial leverage and asset growth positively and significantly affect systematic stock risk. In contrast, company size negatively and significantly affects systematic stock risk. Operating leverage, profitability, and accounting beta variables do not significantly affect the systematic risk of stocks in Manufacturing companies listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period.

Keywords: operating leverage, financial leverage, beta accounting, systematic risk..
Correlation Between COVID-19 Severity Status and the Thoracic CT-Scan Examination Results: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Pratama Ardito Adi , Djaharuddin Irawaty , Tabri Nur Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic for two years after the World Health Organization (WHO) initially announced it on March 11, 2020. The conventional diagnosis of COVID-19 is often made using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and supported by radiographic examinations such as chest CT-SCAN which is regarded to be an additional modality to help quantify the severity of COVID-19 disease. This study's objective is to examine the link between the severity of cases and the chest CT-SCAN pictures observed in COVID-19 patients. The study was conducted at the Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar. To determine the association between the severity of COVID-19 and the CT-SCAN image of the thorax, a cross-sectional study was conducted and statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. A study of 382 samples revealed that the majority of COVID-19 case subjects with a significant relationship to the severity of severe cases were male, older than 50 years, smokers, with comorbid diabetes mellitus, hypertension, kidney failure, heart disease, and evaluation of typical chest CT-SCAN images. Tests of statistical significance revealed a correlation between extreme clinical severity and severe CT-SCAN pictures of the thorax. The thoracic CT-SCAN can modalities shown has a benefit to be utilized as a diagnostic and evaluating tool of the patients.

Keywords: Covid-19, case severity status, thoracic CT-scan examination.
The Influence of Related Party Transaction, Profitability, Liquidity, and Debt Policy on Firm Value in Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on IDX 2016-2020 with Firm size as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Barus Eviyanti Br , Erwin Keulana , Maksum Azhar
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine how the effect of related party transactions, profitability, liquidity, and debt policy on firm value in Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In addition, this study also aims to determine whether firm size can be used as a moderating variable in this research model. The type of research conducted is causal associative research. The population in this study are Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016-2020. The sample in this study was determined by using the judgment sampling technique. The number of observations in this study amounted to 190 data. And the analysis used in this research is the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, and Interaction Test performed with the help of SPSS Software.
The results in this study indicate that partially related party transactions and liquidity are proven to have a negative and significant effect on firm value in Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Meanwhile, other results show that firm size is proven to moderate the effect of related party transactions and profitability on firm value.

Keywords: Related party transactions, profitability, liquidity, debt policy, firm value, and firm size.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR STRUTTING AREA PODIUM MILLENIUM CENTENIAL CENTER TOWER
Authors: Widyantoro Satrio
Published: July 2022

Pada suatu proyek ada pekerjaan struktur, dimana pekerjaan struktur sendiri dibagi menjadi 2 bagian . Pekerjaan struktur atas dan pekerjaan struktur bawah. Pekerjaan struktur bawah diantaranya pekerjaan galian, pekerjaan basement, dan pemasangan dinding penahan tanah. Dinding penahan tanah ( retaining wall ) adalah salah satu konstruksi sipil yang berfungsi untuk menahan pergerakan tanah dan memberikan kestabilan tanah,  yang diakibatkan oleh gaya tekanan lateral suatu tanah maupun air. Dalam pengaplikasian dinding penahan tanah, diperlukan perhitungan yang matang. Struktur yang kuat diperlukan untuk dinding penahan tanah, banyak metode yang digunakan untuk memperkuat dinding penahan tanah. Salah satu metode yang bisa digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan metode strutting. Strutting merupakan perkuatan yang digunakan untuk menambah daya tahan dinding penahan tanah. Penulis menganalisa struktur strutting pada area podium proyek MCC. Data yang ada di analisa oleh penulis dengan menggunakan aplikasi ETABS. Setelah melakukan input data pada aplikasi ETABS maka akan keluar hasil dari perhitungannya. Hasil dari perhitungan dari aplikasi menunjukan bahwa stress ratio struktur tanpa pengaku sebesar 1,371 untuk major shear dan 0,002 untuk minor shear. Sedangkan hasil untuk struktur dengan menggunakan pengaku 0.589 untuk major shear dan 0,001 untuk minor shear. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan struktur strutting  dengan menggunakan pengaku lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan struktur tanpa pengaku. Saran dari penulis adalah melakukan perhitungan dan pengataman serta pengambilan data yang akurat, sehingga dapat meminimalisir terjadinya kesalahan yang ada.
EVALUASI SISTEM DRAINASE KAWASAN PADEMANGAN TIMUR, JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Astuti Yuli Yana
Published: July 2022

Banjir merupakan kejadian yang kerap terjadi di Indonesia, khususnya pada musim penghujan. Banjir sebagian besar sering sekali terjadi akan tetapi permasalahan belum terpecahkan, bahkan cenderung meningkat. Khususnya yang terjadi pada saluran Pademangan Timur ini terjadi karena adanya bangunan perumahan warga yang memakan saluran drainase sehingga mengakibatkan penampang saluran mengecil dan menghambat jalannya air hal itu yang menyebabkan terjadinya banjir. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder seperti data curah hujan, peta geografi. Data primer yang terdapat di lapangan, pengambilan sampel ukuran dari dimensi saluran. Metode pengerjaan data menggunakan analisis frekuensi untuk mendapatkan debit rencana. Rumus manning untuk menghitung dimensi saluran baru. Selanjutnya menghitung debit air rencana pada periode ulang 2, 5 dan 10 tahun dari perhitugaan Log Pearson type III didapatkan hasil yaitu pada periode ulang 2 tahun debit rencana sebesar 2,16 m3/det, periode ulang 5 tahun debit rencana sebesar 2,31 m3/ det, periode ulang 10 tahun debit rencana sebesar 2,40 m3/ det, Dari hasil analisa penelitian, ada beberapa saluran yang limpas sehingga untuk mengatasi genangan atau luapan air maka dilakukan perubahan dimensi saluran menggunakan beton U ditch.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN CAIR CUCI TANGAN NATURAL RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DAN EDUKASI CARA MENCUCI TANGAN YANG BENAR
Authors: Yulyuswarni Yulyuswarni , Isnenia Isnenia , Mulatasih Endah Ratnasari
Published: July 2022

AbstrakMencuci tangan pakai sabun merupakan salah satu bagian dari protocol kesehatan yang diterapkan dalam rangka memutus rantai penyebaran covid-19. Himbauan mencuci tangan pakai sabun menyebabkan pemakaian sabun untuk cuci tangan meningkat. Penggunaan sabun banyak menggunakan bahan aktif yang mengandung detergen yang relatif lebih sulit terurai di alam. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan  pengabmas ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan sabun cair cuci tangan natural ramah lingkungan dan edukasi cara mencuci tangan yang benar. Kegiatan pengabmas ini dilaksanakan di Pondok pesantren Nurul Huda, Lampung Selatan dalam 2 tahap yaitu 1) pembuatan sabun dan 2) edukasi cuci tangan yang benar. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 20 orang meliputi santri dan pengurus pondok. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah produk berupa sabun cuci tangan yang dapat digunakan langsung oleh penghuni pondok pesantren. Hasil uji kesukaan produk sabun cuci tangan menunjukkan pada rentang agak suka–sangat suka dengan kriteria penilaian tingkat kesukaan adalah kesan kesat. Pada edukasi cuci tangan yang benar menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan pada seluruh peserta sebesar 100%. Kata kunci: Pelatihan; sabun; cuci tangan
Discussion about the strategic direction of a Business cooperation to provide the basis for cross-company talent management in German small and medium-sized companies (SME)
Authors: Bender Matthias
Published: July 2022

In a panel survey, representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have stated that Talent Management in SMEs should be improved. After evaluating the available literature, this statement is not surprising, as Talent Management mapped in the organization poses challenges for SMEs. An essential aspect in this context is the limitation of available resources. This article aims to theoretically develop a resource-saving way for preparing a potential successor (manage a talent) for his or her role as a future entrepreneur in SMEs. To achieve this, eleven entrepreneurs derived from the distribution of economic sectors were interviewed. The answers were then evaluated with the help of qualitative content analysis. It was found that the results gained in the interviews confirm the findings from the literature. The fight for employees and the fight for talent has also arrived in SMEs, whereby a differentiation between employees and talents in an exclusive talent management approach (keyword: elite education) did not play a role in the considerations of the interview partners. The participants agree that one must take care of ones’ staff and ones’ talents as a company. Every company has established the existing Human Resources (HR) Management so that the company can work. A deeper examination of HR Management topics in general or in-house Talent Management was largely rudimentary. Most participants are open to business cooperation. An essential factor that would prevent business cooperation is the competition problem and the risk of being worse off. At least one advocate could be found for each basic orientation of the business cooperation developed in the article. The approach of establishing cooperation along the value chain was the most well-received. Even if the results are consistent with the findings from the literature, it is crucial that these research results are based on a small database. Theoretically, several possible strategic orientations for business cooperation could be developed, which have not yet been listed in the overview of cooperation characteristics. Whether these theoretical considerations prove themselves in practice would have to be examined in more detail. 
The article is suitable for companies who

do not have HR- specialists,
want to get a quick overview of the topic of Talent Management,
seek an approach on how to assess companies according to the factor competition to prepare business cooperation,
seek an approach to thinking through a resource-saving development of their talents across companies.
Evaluation of Pentoxifylline efficacy in Socket healing in Type-2 Diabetic adult males
Authors: Mlhem George , Murad Rashad , Nattouf Abdalhakim
Published: July 2022

Introduction: because of lack of proper documented literature, many oral health professionals in diabetic patients citing reasons like delayed wound healing, dry socket and pain defer minor oral surgical treatments including extractions. All of those factors can have significant implications and negative impacts on the standard of lifetime of the individuals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Pentoxifylline (PTX) on socket healing after mandibular molar tooth extraction in diabetic males in Syria. Various parameters like post-extraction pain (PeP) and the number of leukocytes and epithelial cells, which are initial parameters for healing socket. Methods: 22 older than 40 years male participants were divided into 3 group. Group 1(Control) was 8 participants, group 2 (Case) was 8 participants and group 3 (Case+Treated) was 6 participants got 400 mg sustained release tablet of PTX once a day for a week before of mandibular molar tooth extraction. For three days after the extraction, non-parametric pain values were as assessed by the participant and dry socket was diagnosed. Non-stimulated mixed saliva samples were collected by draining method to count leukocytes and epithelial cells. The sample was stained with Giemsa’s stain and examined microscopically. The statistical analyses were done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Sidak's multiple comparison test for the parameter data and also the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test for non-parametric data. Results: on comparing PeP in group 1 against group 2 or group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance altogether studied days. On comparing dry socket, presence in group 1 against group 2 or group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance all told studied days. On comparing epithelial cells count in group 1 against group 2 was a statistically significant difference (P value =0.0011) but in group 2 against group 3 was no statistical significance. On comparing leukocytes count in group 1 against group or group 2 against group 3 was a statistically significant difference (P value =0.0140) (P value =0.0458). Conclusion: PTX increased leukocytes number 1 h after extraction, which is critical for socket healing as acute response during a heamostasis and inflammatory phase, but it did not improve of pain or prevent dry socket incidence. The sample of study was small and limited, so larger samples of other research studies are needed to substantiate our findings.
Adverse effects of Anticancer Chemotherapy in Childhood Cancer: A Prospective Study in a Moroccan hospital
Authors: Adade Adade Casimir , Cheikh Amine , Mefetah Hafid , Kili Amina , Hessissen Laila , Bouatia Mustapha
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the incidence and frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by cancer chemotherapy in pediatric inpatients. Patients and methods: This was a six-month prospective observational study in the pediatric hematology-oncology department of the children's hospital of Rabat. This study took into account ADRs manifested by in inpatient children and undergoing cancer chemotherapy. A modified version of the Moroccan Poison Control and Pharmacovigilance Centre's notification form was used to collect demographic, clinical, cancer treatment and ADR-related data. The causality, severity and preventability were assessed for each adverse event. Results: 106 patients out of 118 followed have developed a total of 266 ADRs. The most frequent ADRs were anemia (14.3%), infections (9.4%), leukopenia (8.6%) and fever (8.3%). Vincristine (16.3%), etoposide (14%) and cytarabine (13%) were the most frequently administered products. Cytarabine followed by etoposide were the drugs most involved in ADRs. The majority of ADRs (55.6%) were probable according to the WHO method of causality assessment. Conclusion: Cancer chemotherapy is associated with a high risk of developing ADRs, particularly hematological ADRs in children. Pediatric patients receiving cytarabine and daunorubicin combinations and regimens including anthracyclines should receive more attention. Risk management plans need to be implemented by health care teams in this area.
Formulation of a Novel Phage Cocktail against Vibrio cholerae O1
Authors: Yassein Abed Suhad , Alsakini Ali Haider , Habeeb Rasool Khetam , Qasim Mohammed Sundus , Gatea Kaabi Sadeq Abdulridha
Published: July 2022

A number of 26 phages lytic for 26 isolates of V. cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, Serotype Inaba are isolated from sewage water. The phage isolates showed host range of 35-65% against V. cholerae O1 by spot lysis methods. The morphological properties of plaques formed on the top agarose are studied and showed that most virulent phages had larger diameter (in millimeter) with regular or irregular margin cut and clear plaque comparing with smaller diameter and turbid plaque for those less virulent phages. A total of 8 phages are selected for formulation the phage cocktail in order to extend the host-range of phages in cocktail collectively. The %inhibition assay for every single phage of the 8 phages selected for formulation of phage cocktail ranged from 0-75, whereas that of the 8 phages cocktail was 100%inhibition against all V. cholerae O1 isolates. The formulation of the 8 phages in a cocktail proved to an effective approach to achieve the broad host-range activity towards V. cholerae O1 isolates and made it possible to go forwards the animal model for further studies on phage therapy for animal model of cholera.
Production and Partial Purification of Xylanase with Special Application in Pharmaceutical and Food Industries
Authors: Saha Pinaki , Das Dibya , Saha Sudipta , Saha Madhumita , Bera Debabrata
Published: July 2022

Enzymes are used in a variety of ways in the biopharmaceutical industry. Enzymes are the focal point of metabolic and biochemical processes. Xylanase is one of them which are widely used in various purpose. Xylanase is a naturally occurring enzyme present in bacteria and fungi. Xylanases are members of the CAZymes (carbohydrate-active macromolecular biocatalyst) community and are classified as glycoside hydrolases, further divided into clans and families. Xylanases are produced by solid-state or submerged fermentation (SMF) techniques. SSF processes have many advantages over SMF processes, including lower fermentation cultivation costs, lower risk of contamination, improved enzyme stability. The microorganism Aspergillus spp. was used to produce xylanase, and this organism was isolated from soil. Solid-state fermentation is done with 80% moisture content for the production of this extracellular enzyme. After fermentation, purification is done in 70% saturated ammonium sulfate salt fractionation because the best result is found in this condition. After production and purification of xylanase, which is stored in desiccators cause, the enzyme is hygroscopic.
Chemical compounds Anti-bacterial of Citrus aurantifolia Ethanol Extract to Inhibit the Early Biofilm Formation and Growth of Enterococcus faecalis Root Canal Isolate
Authors: Asmah Nur , Fatma Suniarti Dewi , Winiati Bachtiar Endang , Angraini Margono Dewi , A. Gani Basri
Published: July 2022

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a gram-positive commensal bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of dental root canal infections. Citrus aurantifolia can inhibit the adhesion and growth of E. faecalis. The study aims to evaluate the Antibacterial properties of Citrus aurantifolia ethanol extract to Inhibit the early biofilm formation and growth of Enterococcus faecalis Root Canal Isolate. The necrotic tissue of the root canal from infected patients was cultured by E. faecalis and E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (bacteria control) on ChromAgar medium. The inhibition of E. faecalis biofilm was measured using a violet crystal assay. In contrast, confirmation of E. faecalis growth from planktonic and biofilm masses was tested using the Total plate count assay, and data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. All concentrations of ethanol extract of Citrus aurantifolia showed their potential in inhibiting early phase (18 hours) biofilm formation and growth of E. faecalis clinical isolates and ATCC 29212 from planktonic and biofilm masses in vitro. At concentrations 0.5, 2, 6, and 12% have a potent biofilm inhibition, and concentrations of 14% and 16% are moderate (p>0.05:0.091). Extracts with concentrations of 0.5, 2, and 6% were bacteriostatic against the clinical isolate of E. faecalis, and ATCC isolates from planktonic, while concentrations of 12, 14, and 16% were bactericidal (p>0.05:0.548). Specifically, E. faecalis clinical isolates from biofilm masses were only bacteriostatic (p<0.05;0.01). The inhibition of the biofilm from both E. faecalis and the growth of the colony was not significantly different (p>0.05:0.753) and does not positively correlate (r = - 0.095). Citrus aurantifolia has more potent biofilm inhibition against E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (100%) than E. faecalis clinical isolate (75%). The bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal properties of extracts against the E. faecalis from planktonic are more susceptible than those from biofilm mass sources.
A validated stability indicating RP-UFLC method for the estimation of Trifluridine – Anti viral drug
Authors: Kumar Bandaru Sai Pavan , Mathrusri Annapurna Mukthinuthalapati
Published: July 2022

Trifluridine, also known as trifluoro thymidine is an anti-viral drug used for the treatment of viral infections of eyes. A new validated RP-UFLC method has been developed for the determination of Trifluridine using Shimadzu Model UFLC system SPD-M20A 230V with PDA detector and LC- 20AD pumps and C18 Shim-pack GWS HPLC packed column (250 mm × 4.60 mm, 5 μm) in in ophthalmic preparations. Mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile: 10 mM potasium dihydrogen phosphate buffer adjusted pH to 3.5 with dilute tri fluro acetic acid (70:30 v/v) (Isocratic mode) with 1.0 mL/min flow rate (Detection wavelength 272 nm) are the chromatographic conditions for the present study. Trifluridine obeys Beer-Lambert’s law over the concentration range 0.1-120 µg/mL with linear regression equation y = 46195x – 1876.5 (R² = 0.9998) and the method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The LOQ and LOD values were found to be 0.08934 µg/mL and 0.0257 µg/mL respectively. Trifluridine was exposed to different stress conditions such as alkaline hydrolysis, acidic hydrolysis, oxidation and thermal degradation and the assay was carried out. The proposed method is simple, precise, accurate, robust and used for the routine analysis of marketed formulations.
Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Evaluation of Anti Diabetic Activity of Abrus precatorius Plant Extracts
Authors: Kumar K. Naveen , Abbireddy Sreelaxmi , Eshwaraiah M. Chinna
Published: July 2022

Abrus precatorius a successor member of Fabaceae family commonly known as Rosemary pea or Jacqueline. The thorough literature survey reveals that A. precatorious is found to have many pharmacological activities like Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Anti-tumor, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Antispasmodic, Anti-diabetic, Anti-serotonergic, Anti-migraine. Traditionally A. precatorius is used as one of the Principle anti diabetic plants in the multi-component herbal recipes. And the Anti- Diabetic activity of A. precatorious is yet to be explored in a more-wide view, in spite of the extensive work reported. In continuation of such investigations the shade dried leaf and seed extracts of A. precatorious were subjected to successive solvent extraction using Soxhlation using Benzene and Chloroform. Varying concentrations of the extracts were pre-incubated each with α-glucosidase and α-amylase followed by the addition of p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. The Benzene extract has shown highest anti-diabetic activity with a % inhibition in the range of 65.28 - 73.88 comparable with standard values. All the plant extracts were tested for phytochemical screening and anti-diabetic activity by inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme, all the plant extracts were evaluated for anti-diabetic activity, the results of the extracts has been compared with the standard Voglibose. Leaf extract showed a positive result which is rich in chemotherapeutic constituents that could be potentially useful for the development of hypoglycemic drugs in the near future.
Formulation and Evaluation of Controlled Release Theophylline Tablets using Grewia spp Gum as Binder
Authors: John Afokoghene Avbunudiogba , Daguo Aumade
Published: July 2022

The major reason for development of new drug delivery system is based largely on promoting therapeutic outcome and minimizing toxic effect of a drug by increasing the amount and persistence of a drug in target cells areas, while reducing exposure of the drug to non-target cells. In this study, Grewia spp gum obtained from Grewia spp pods was extracted and used as binder and release retardant in the formulation of controlled release theophylline tablets. A total of six (6) batches of the tablets were produced with carried concentrations of the test gum by wet granulation technique. To produce the tablets, various granules were formulated via wet granulation and characterized by measuring flow and packing properties. Granules with adequate flow properties were compressed to tablets. Tablets so formed were evaluated for hardness, percentage friability, weight variability and drug release profiles. The percentage yield was 18.64% and the pH of the test gum was 6.15. The angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density and Carr’s index of the formulated granules ranged from 22.48±0.00 to 24.90±0.00˚, 0.53±0.03 to 0.67±0.00g/ml, 0.67±0.02 to 0.82±0.00g/ml and 18.29±0.00 to 22.06±0.26% respectively. Resultant tablets hardness values of 3.69±0.45 to 13.39±0.65kgF and friability percentage of 0.40± 0.00 to 2.56%±0.01% were also obtained. The formulated theophylline granules showed good flow properties and compressibility. Thus, the study revealed that the test gum has comparable binding effect to Eudragit RS 100 at a ratio of 2:1. We recommend further studies to rule out any interaction of Grewia spp gum with theophylline in controlled release theophylline tablets.
Bessmertnyi Realizations, Representations, and Related Problems in Multiphase Composites
Authors: Welters Aaron
Published: July 2022

We discuss multivariate functions that can be represented as the Schur complement of a linear (matrix-, tensor-, or operator-valued) pencil, i.e., the class of Bessmertnyi realizable functions. We motivate this by showing that for multiphase composites, both the effective operator in the theory of composites as well as the DtN map for an electrical network are in this class in which the associated linear pencil is of positive semidefinite type. This naturally leads to multivariate (matrix-, tensor-, or operator-valued) Herglotz-Nevanlinna functions in this class and several open problems in realizability theory. Next, we present Bessmertnyi realizations as the “universal" state-space model/realization [compared to others common in electrical engineering (e.g., Kalman-type, Fornasini-Marchesini, Givone-Roesser) that are just a special cases of the Bessmertnyi realization]. Then we discuss our recent work (see doi:10.1007/s11785-021-01150-2 and doi:10.1016/j.laa.2021.06.007) on extensions of the Bessmertnyi realization theorem for multivariate rational functions, Schur complement algebra and operations, and their application in symmetric determinantal representations of polynomials. Finally, we will show how the latter relates to the open realization problems above. This is based on joint work with Anthony Stefan (Florida Institute of Technology).
Educators’ Views on Parents’ Contribution to the Transition to Nursery of Children Under the Age of 3
Authors: Sotiropoulou Eleni , Katsiada Eleni , Bercovits Anastasia
Published: July 2022

The transition of a child from home to the nursery marks the passage to a new phase of life not only for the child, but also for the whole family. In this process, family is the most important factor in the child's smooth and successful transition to the new environment. In particular, the characteristics of parents and their behaviour during transition seem to have a direct impact on children and the way in which they will face this new challenge. In this context, many nurseries are implementing transition programmes or practices to prepare children and parents to cope with challenges that may arise from this process. The aim of this study is to investigate the views of educators working in nurseries in Attica (Greece) on the characteristics-behaviors of parents that can influence the smooth transition of children under 3 years of age. In addition, the study examines the transition practices, including parental involvement, that are usually put in practice in nurseries in Attica, Greece. The results of the research show that parents' anxiety and their thoughts on transition issues ifluence their childrens' adaption to the nursery environment. Finally, the practices that the educators apply more frequently are mainly related to providing information to parents about the transition process, about the possible behaviours that the child may display and also about issues associated with the operation of the nursery. Implications for practice are also discussed in this paper.
從彭博的新冠肺炎疫情韌性國際評比論組織韌性與人員復原力開發
Authors: 莊秀文 莊秀文
Published: July 2022

近年來，國內機構包含醫院在內，對於組織韌性(Organizational Resilience)與人員復原力(Resilience)二名詞興趣穩步增長，本文目的即是探討開發組織韌性與人員復原力基本的認知與方式，首先運用國際認可彭博所公布的新冠肺炎疫情韌性國際評比衡量方式作為解釋Resilience的多元性基礎，再透過文獻查證探究相關學門對於組織韌性、人員復原力、韌性工程的論述。雖然人員復原力與組織韌性在對象和目標上有所不同，但根據系統理論，人與組織皆具有層次性和增生性的系統特徵，且人員是組織的一個元素，對於醫療機構開發此二型態韌性所面臨的挑戰，本文提出可參考韌性工程倡議的系統概念、模型、推動框架、設計原則與工具進行規劃，並結合人員復原力與組織韌性做整體性開發。

 

In recent years, domestic institutions, including hospitals, have been increasingly focusingattention on organizational and human resilience. This study explored basic knowledge on and methods for developing organizational and human resilience. This study used the internationally recognized Bloomberg’s COVID Resilience Ranking as the basis for explaining the diversity of resilience and performed a literature review to explore the findings of research in related disciplines of organizational resilience, human resilience, and resilience engineering. Although human and organizational resilience differ in terms of objects and goals, according to system concepts, both individuals and organizations exhibit the system properties of hierarchy and emergence, and individuals are an element of the organization. To overcome challenges encountered by medical institutions in developing the two types of resilience, this study proposes planning with reference to system concepts, models, promotion frameworks, design principles, and resilience engineering tools and integrating human and organizational resilience for overall development.

 
A newly discovered Helicocranchia species (Cephalopoda: Cranchiidae: Taoniinae) in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Judkins H , Rose-Mann L , Lindgren A , Taite M , Bush S , Vecchione M
Published: July 2022

Only two species of Helicocranchia — Helicocranchia pfefferi Massy, 1907 and Helicocranchia papillata Nesis, 1987—are currently accepted as valid. The genus is found globally in tropical and subtropical regions at depths to >1000 m ( Voss 1980 ).
We collected Helicocranchia specimens in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the DEEPEND project (Deep Pelagic Nekton Dynamics of the Gulf of Mexico; sampling 2015–2018) and from the western North Atlantic Ocean during two different research cruises. Physical examination of specimens
found differences from recognized species in external pigmentation and in the morphology of the gladius rostrum. Molecular analysis of the COI gene in the specimens also revealed species-level differences. This study reviews current taxonomy and describes a new Helicocranchia species.
Islamic Astronomy and Copernicus
Authors: Ragep F. Jamil
Published: July 2022

Bringing together fifteen articles that have been published by F. Jamil Ragep over the last four decades, this volume offers fresh insights and a deeper understanding of how Islamic astronomical and scientific traditions influenced the emergence of the Copernican heliocentric system. These articles not only provide new technical and content-based evidence regarding the Islamic background of Copernicus but also highlight the importance of studying scientific and historical contexts in which Islamic astronomy could find its way into medieval and early modern European intellectual and cultural settings. Raising new questions and contributing solid research through the examination of various Islamic, Latin, and Greek scientific texts, Ragep's articles will be useful for anyone interested in engaging in the study of the Islamic-Copernicus connection from a broader multicultural perspective.