bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refurbishment of orthotropic steel bridge decks by bolted solutions
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Bove Simon
Published: March 2021

An increasing number of steel road bridges in Germany, but also in Europe and North America, show severe fatigue damages induced by the increase in heavy traffic loads. In addition, these road bridges from the 1960s to the 1980s were executed with fatigue-critical details, which are no longer state of the art today. Longitudi- nal stiffeners of orthotropic steel bridge decks, fitted between the cross girders are an example. Due to the particular importance of these bridges, e.g. crossing the Rhine, for the regional infrastructure network, the refurbishment has to be realized under consideration of the running traffic. Thus, refurbishment solutions are needed that are robust and durable with the least possible intervention in the current traffic. Bolted bearing- type shear connections are particularly suitable in this context, as they can usually be classified in higher fa- tigue detail categories than welds. However, for longitudinal stiffeners with a closed cross section such as a Y- shape or a trough shape normal bolting is not applicable. Therefore, the development of a refurbishment solution using mechanical fasteners and considering the only one-sided accessibility of stiffeners with a closed section by the use of blind rivets was the focus of two German research projects [1], [2]. In this paper, this innovative refurbishment solution by means of mechanical fasteners including blind rivets is presented. Fa- tigue tests on large-scale components consisting of longitudinal stiffeners butted up to a cross girder web with and without repair measure as well as small size fatigue tests on blind rivets were realized. First results of the currently still ongoing research [1] are presented.
Service life predictions for RC bridges under time-varying climate conditions and traffic loads
Authors: Jiang Chao , Chen Junyu
Published: March 2021

This paper evaluated the service life of RC bridges subjected to carbonation under a changing climate. Through integrating the carbonation depth prediction model, fatigue damage prediction model and climate model into a Monte Carlo simulation procedure, a case study was conducted to assess the service life of an RC bridge based on time-dependent reliability analysis, which considered the time-variant stochastic nature of environmental actions and fatigue damage, uncertainty of concrete properties and randomness of concrete cover thickness. The case study showed that the higher the reliability level, the shorter the service life. Moreover, climate change has noticeable effects on the service life. Under the reliability level of 1.5, the service life predicted at RC bridge bottom (top) with considering tensile (compressive) fatigue damage under RCP8.5 can be 33% (22%) shorter than that predicted under the climate 2013 without considering climate change. In addition, fatigue damage also poses obvious influences on the service life of RC bridges. Under the reliability level of 1.5, the service life with consideration of tensile (compressive) fatigue damage can be 49% (20%) shorter than that without consideration of fatigue damage under RCP4.5.
Structural Systems for Mass Timber Buildings
Authors: Gleason Tim , Herning Gordana , Klein John
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the design of lateral force resisting systems (LFRS) for multi-story mass timber structures in Boston, MA. Structural and environmental tradeoffs of replacing conventional concrete cores or steel braced frames with glue-laminated timber (GLT) braced frames are evaluated through numerical analyses of 8-, 12-, and 18-story building prototypes. Finding an optimal timber gravity system configuration is followed by examining lateral resistance of the prototypes. The resulting designs demonstrate a practical approach to assist designers in selecting a lateral system during the early stages of conceptual design. This research was conducted in parallel with a related study for implementation of mass timber in affordable housing in Boston, enabling a comparison between composite systems and all-timber structures.
Learnings from the past to design metallic bridges spanning centuries into the future
Authors: El Sarraf Raed , Edwards Liam
Published: March 2021

Since the 20thcentury, modern bridges have been typically designed for a relatively short design life of either 100 or 120 years. In reality, there are numerous examples of bridges that are over 100 years old that are still in service today. In some cases, these bridges have heritage protection status. In other cases, they are a vital link to their transportation network, for which any disruptions will result in significant economic impact to the local or regional economy.

Over the years, the authors have been involved with the inspection, maintenance, and refurbishment of historic bridges. This paper provides an overview of lessons learnt from examples of historic metallic bridges in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, as well as present the case for a 200-year bridge.

Lessons learned from failures in design and detailing for durability, material selection, and allowance for future access for inspection and maintenance can be used when designing new bridges, with the aim to minimize future maintenance cost and assisting 21stcentury bridges to span centuries into the future.
Steel Truss-Type Arches Optimization Under Multi-Load Cases
Authors: Fenu Luigi , Marano Giuseppe C.
Published: March 2021

Structural optimization of arches under multi-load cases is faced. For this aim, truss-type arches are to be considered because, under different load cases, bending effects unavoidably occur in single-rib arches shaped under one load case only. An effective procedure for simultaneous topology, shape and size optimization of truss-arches under multi-load cases is proposed. For this aim, shape, size and topology variables are assembled in a unique set of variables that are simultaneously optimised by the optimization algorithm. For given Pratt-type brace pattern, different topologies have been considered by varying the node number, whereas Cubic Rational Bézier curves have been used to shape the arch chords. Optimum diameter and thickness of the circular hollow section members was also obtained. Optimization was performed in MATLAB environment, by applying a modified Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm implemented with a Constraint Domination Selection (CDS) criterion. For each design variable vector, a FEM analysis of the resulting model has been carried out by SAP2000 to evaluate the objective function value (volume) feasibility of each design variable vector in terms of structural performance. Optimal solutions have been found and compared, providing useful suggestions to consider as guidelines in truss-arche design.
Standardization and Optimization of Orthotropic steel deck with Numerical modelling
Authors: Iqbal Nouman , Fang Heng , Van Staen Gilles , Naseem Ahsan , De Backer Hans
Published: March 2021

In this paper, standardization and optimization of Orthotropic Steel Deck (OSD) is carried out to increase its usage as an essential bridge component. OSD’s are more often used in the long span bridges because they considered expensive and more complex structure. There are fatigue crack complications associated with these type of steel decks due to their direct contact with the heavy cyclic loading. The idea of standardizing the OSD’s is floating in the research industry for last two decades. To facilitate this concept numerical simulation study is carried out with and without additional cutouts with different deck thicknesses and span lengths. The Cross beams without stress relieving cutouts have been introduced which will reduce the labor cost for special cutouts preparation and increase the fatigue endurance of critical welded joints. Based on these numerical results; recommendations have been made. Standardization and optimization of OSD’s will definitely increase their usage in bridges.
Distributed fibre optic sensors for advanced structural health monitoring of FRP composite bridge
Authors: Siwowski Tomasz W. , Kozlowski Aleksander , Ziemiański Leonard
Published: March 2021

Considering the worldwide recognized advantages of fibre optic sensors as measuring devices in structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges and the unique ability to measure the long range distributed strain and temperature along the entire bridge superstructure, the distributed fibre optic sensors (DFOS) technology was chosen for the advanced SHM system of the first Polish FRP composite bridge. To develop an understanding of the long-term performance of the FRP bridge, a monitoring scheme utilizing DFOSs was implemented to assess any changes in the bridge structural behaviour in service. The monitored FRP bridge is a simply supported structure with four U- girders bonded with sandwich deck panels. The initial results of the SHM with the DFOS technology are the main subject of the paper. Analysis of the results obtained under proof tests in the field proved the effectiveness of the distributed fibre optic sensors for the SHM purposes. Wide range of practical problems related to sensor installation, fibre connection and data processing were successfully solved in the pilot field application. The smartRayleighsensors can ensure an acceptable measurement accuracy, thereby providing reliable strains referring to time-dependent behaviour of the FRP bridge span to assess the safety and serviceability of the FRP bridge.
The building permit – how to standardize traditionally established processes
Authors: Ponnewitz Judith , Bargstaedt Hans-Joachim
Published: March 2021

To get a building permit is a lengthy process involving a series of review and verification phases by the con- sultants and by the authorities and their agents. The work processes are, nowadays, governed by a large de- gree of individualistic work performances.

In order to facilitate a BIM-based building permit application, which exclusively uses the model and ist data as ist sole base of information, we analyzed traditional processes in the phase of issuing a building permit. This allows to restructure the steps of designing a building according to all required criteria and, step by step, remodel for the application of automated processes.

The facilitation of authorization processes will lead to checking machines which will already be applied by the consultants. Nevertheless, authorities need a secure way to evaluate the quality of the specific design in every regard.

For this purpose, we show how to combine different algorithms to check on the quality criteria for a building permit. There are qualitative criteria but also quantitative boundaries and also some nice-to-have items which can be compensated by alternative measures.
Analysis of a Modular Timber/Concrete Composite System for Short- Span Bridges
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liang Yi , Gauvreau Paul
Published: March 2021

This article describes a modular timber/concrete composite system for short‐span highway bridges. The system is assembled from modules. Each module spans from support to support and consists of two glulam girders and a deck slab constructed of ultra high‐performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). A method of analysis is proposed for the system to study both the longitudinal and transverse behavior under live loads. The method is based on a spatial grid model, which incorporates Vierendeel frames to account for partial composite action in the longitudinal direction. Preliminary results show that the proposed modular timber/concrete composite system achieves a high degree (91.4%) of longitudinal composite action and possess good transverse load sharing performance between modules.
SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF COLOR
Authors: Verma Rashmi
Published: March 2021

India has always been exalted and remembered fondly as country of symbolic colors. To an outsider, its colorful culture, streets, and stories seem like a page out of an ancient folk tale. But color, in essence, has been a large part of the Indian consciousness. From the deep orange marigold flowers that bejewel almost every celebration to the deep hues of red that deck up the bride on her most important day, colour of India has, over time, become synonymous with religion- an expression of faith and beliefs. In a country where a deep understanding of prevalent diversity is perhaps the only common thread that ties its people together, India is a magical experience that ought not to be missed.in a country as diverse and culturally vibrant as India, it is perhaps the common, lifestyles, and tradition. The symbolism of color stand out and control every aspects of life in India , be it religion, politics, festivals, or celebration .in India, be it north , south, west, or east, color and culture go hand in hand . Just like many other culture across the world, there are some typical classification of color to be found in India.
Studi Perbandingan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Two Stay Two Stray dan Jigsaw Ditinjau dari Hasil Belajar Matematika
Authors: Hasaniah Sibtil , Hayati Laila , Kurniati Nani
Published: March 2021

This study was aimed to discover the comparison of the cooperative learning model betweenÃÂ two stay two stray type and jigsaw typeon thesubject of patterns and row of numbers in SMPN 1 Gunungsari academic year 2019/2020. This researchis considered as quasi experiment group design in whish post test was used. The sample was taken using cluster random sampling, students of VIII-A and VIII-C were used as the sampel. The instruments used in this research were written test and observation sheets consisting of learning process, teacher and studentÃ¢â¬â¢s activities.The studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ score in using the two sttay two stray class shows an average score 63,67 with 26.66% classical completeness. While in the jigsaw class,the average of studentsÃ¢â¬â¢ score was 65,33 with 30.00% classical completeness. Although the result of both classes are low, but both classes haveÃÂ  increased learning activities each meeting. The implementation of the learning model has been carried out 97%. Furthermore, teacher activities were coresponded with the study plans. The result of this study shows that there is no significant differences betweenÃÂ two stay two stray typeandÃÂ jigsawÃÂ type in cooperative learning modelon thesubject of patterns and row of numbers in VIII grade SMPN 1 Gunungsari academic year 2019/2020.
REVIEW: Analisis Konsentrasi Ion Sulfat dalam Air Menggunakan Spektrofotometri
Authors: Jannah Zelika Nur , Herawati Dheasy , Ngibad Khoirul
Published: March 2021

Review ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji metode spektrofotometri dalam pengukuran kadar sulfat dan mengkaji aplikasi metode spektrofotometri untuk pengukuran kadar sulfat yang terdapat dalam beberapa jenis sampel air.ÃÂ Penentuan kadar sulfat dalam air menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dapat dilakukan menggunakan reagen BaCl2 kemudian absorbansinya diukur pada panjang gelombang 420 nm. Metode spektrofotometri dapat diaplikasikan untuk penentuan konsentrasi ion sulfat dalam air sumur bor, air minum dalam kemasan, air minum isi ulang, dan air hujan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar sulfat dalam sampel air berada di bawah ambang batas. Kadar maksimum kandungan sulfat dalam air minum menurut Permenkes No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 adalah 250 mg/L dan kadar maksimum kandungan sulfat dalam air untuk keperluan higiene sanitasi menurut Permenkes No. 32 Tahun 2017 adalah 400 mg/L.
Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Formicidae di Hutan Wisata Sesaot, Lombok Barat NTB
Authors: Ilhamdi Moh. Liwa , Syazali Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Hutan Wisata Sesaot merupakan kawasan wisata yang berbasis ekologi. Mempertahankan keberadaan sumberdaya hayati di kawasan perlu dilakukan supaya kegiatan wisata terjadi secara berkelanjutan. Salah satu sumberdaya hayati tersebut adalah formicidae. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan distribusi spesies formicidae.ÃÂ  Data dikoleksi dari sampel yang diambil di 2 stasiun yaitu stasiun 1 berada di jalan masuk utama kawasan hutan wisata Sesaot dan stasiun 1 berada di sebelah utara stasiun 1. Pembatas antara stasiun 1 dan stasiun 2 adalah sungai yang di jadikan tempat pemandian untuk pariwisata. Analisis keanekaragaman menggunakan indeks Shanon-Wienner, dan distribusi spesies diukur menggunakan indeks Morisita. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa indeks keanekaragaman pada stasiun1 (HÃ¢â¬â¢= 1,57) dan stasiun 2 (HÃ¢â¬â¢= 1,55). Sedangkan nilai indeks Morisita semua spesies > 1. Selama pengamatan berhasil dikoleksi 1493 spesimen dari 5 jenis formicidae yaitu Oecophylla smaragdina, Odontomachus bauri, Monomorium minimum, Melophorus bagoti, dan Formica rufa. Spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Melophorus bagoti. dan yang paling sedikit adalah Formica rufa. Kesimpulan penelitian ini Indeks keanekaragaman formicidae lebih tinggi pada stasiun 1 dibandingkan dengan stasiun 2. Semua spesies formicidae memiliki pola distribusi mengelompok.
Eksplorasi Bakteri Termofilik dari Sumber Air Panas Aik Sebau Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Rinjani Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Fidiantara Fidiani , Muksin Yufika Dewi , Tamami Fuad , Handayani AA Ayu Trisna , Hermansyah Hermansyah
Published: March 2021

Sumber air panas adalah mata air yang dihasilkan dari kerak bumi setelah mengalami pemanasan geotermal. Sumber air panas merupakan media pertumbuhan yang cocok bagi bakteri termofilik. Bakteri termofilik merupakan kelompok bakteri yang beradaptasi dengan kondisi lingkungan yang bersuhu tinggi, yaitu dengan suhu berkisar 450-650C. Habitat alami bakteri termofilik tersebar luas di seluruh permukaan bumi, diantaranya pada sumber-sumber air panas, kawah gunung berapi atau daerah vulkanik. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui adanya bakteri termofilik serta melakukan isolasi dan identifikasi karakteristik bakteri termofilik yang berasal dari sumber air panas Aik Sebau, Sembalun Lawang. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksploratif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan 3 tahap, tahap pertama menumbuhkan bakteri pada media yang sesuai, tahap kedua melakukan isolasi dan tahap ketiga melakukan identifikasi untuk mengetahui karakteristik bakteri termofilik meliputi morfologi secara mikroskopi, morfologi koloni dan sifatsifat biokimia. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 7 isolat bakteri termofilik, masuk kedalam genus Bacillus berdasarkan karakteristik fenotipik. Sehingga perlu dilakukan identifikasi secara taksonomi numerik atau taksonomi genetic untuk mengetahui kesamaan genus atau spesies bakteri.
Models of speed development in soccer
Authors: KROSTA ROKSANA , DROZD MILOSZ , GORALCZYK ROBERT , KOSTRZEWA MACIEJ , FISCHEROVA PATRICIA , IGNATIEVA ANGELINA
Published: March 2021

Background: ‪The main objective of this research was to determine a model of the Speed Abilities Development Index (SADI) in selected teams of the top league, the first and the second league in Poland. The indirect aim was to determine the most significant predictors that have the greatest effect on development of this model. Material and methods: ‪The study examined a group of randomly selected 20 athletes (age 24 ± 3years) from four Polish premium league soccer teams, four teams of the first league and four teams of the second league, what amounted to 60 randomly selected players. The following independent variables related to starting and absolute running were considered: 5 m, 20 m, 30 m, 520 m, 530 m, 2030 m. Results: I‪n the group of top league players the model determined the following predictors of speed as most significant: the sprint time of 5 to 30 m segment run, the sprint time recorded between 20 to 30 m and the mean result of the RAST. In the group of players from the first and second leagues, the predictors included: the time of 20 to 30 m run, mean result of the RAST and the sprint time of the 5 m run. Conclusions: ‪A good soccer player should be prepared for both short (5 to 20 m) and longer (30 to 50 m) runs at the highest speed possible.
Dependences between the footwear fitting and feet structure in girls of third-grade primary school
Authors: PUSZCZALOWSKA-LIZIS EWA , ZARZYCZNA PAULINA , MIKULAKOVA WIOLETTA
Published: March 2021

Background: The study aimed to study dependences between the footwear fitting and feet structure in girls of third grade of primary school. Material and methods: The research tool was the podoscope CQ-ST. The footwear fitting to the feet of the examined children was tested using the Clevermess device. Results: Statistically significant relationships between the frequency of varus deformity of the Vth toe of the right foot and the width fitting of the outdoor footwear were found (p=0.027). Statistically significant relationships between the length of the indoor footwear and the heel angle (γ) of the left foot have also been noted (p = 0.038). Conclusions: Conclusions: Children with a wider forefoot wear longer shoes, which is why there is a need to take into account differences in the foot width in the production of footwear used indoors. The use of too short footwear, without free space that is necessary for the proper setting of the foot during movement or load, is a factor leading to excessive lateral arching. Wearing too wide shoes affects the formation of varus deformity of the Vth toe of the right foot.
A comparative study of the impact of sanctions on the oil and cement companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange: Forecasting and Future Trends
Authors: Orangian Alireza , Varahrami Vida , Orangian Elaheh
Published: March 2021

Imposing sanctions can have several malicious effects on a developed or developing economy and Iran is not an exception to this matter. The main purpose of this paper is to determine whether imposing oil sanctions have a significant impact on oil, gas and petroleum companies’ capital structure or not. Furthermore, a comparison between oil industry and cement industry and a prediction of oil companies’ capital structure trend are conducted. The most innovative aspect of our study is to evaluate the influence of sanctions on a firm-specific variable rather than macroeconomic level. To address this problem, we investigate oil and cement companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2006 to 2018. The leverage ratio indicating capital structure, sanction dummy variable and ROA, tangibility of assets, capital market return, economic growth and inflation rate are dependent variable, independent variable and control variables, respectively. The data are obtained from companies’ financial statements and we use OLS regression to estimate our equations. The results indicate that the 2012 oil sanctions against Iran affect the oil companies’ leverage ratio negatively and the future trend reveals that the share of equity in capital structure will increase. Moreover, we inspect no significant relationship between oil sanctions and cement companies’ capital structure. Therefore, government policymakers should plan strategies to lift or limit the oil sanctions and oil corporate managers should find some reasonable routes for balancing their companies’ capital structure to exploit debt financing benefits.
Analisis Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Bola Basket pada Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Tenggarong Seberang
Authors: Abdi Nugraha Aditya , Hamdiana Hamdiana , Sapulete Jance
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yang mencoba mendeskripsikan keterampilan teknik dasar permainan bola basket pada siswa SMAN 1 Tenggarong Seberang.  Teknik Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan tes keterampilan teknik dasar bola basket yang terdiri atas melempar dan menangkap (pssing), memasukan bola ke keranjang (shooting) dan menggiring bola (dribbling). Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji normalitas, dan pengkategorian hasil. Berdasarkan hasil keseluruhan tes keterampilan teknik dasar bola basket pada siswa SMAN 1 Tenggarong Seberang, dari 12 siswa menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 4 siswa yang memperoleh kategori “baik”, 5 siswa yang memperoleh kategori “cukup”, 2 siswa yang memperoleh kategori “kurang”, dan 1 siswa yang memperoleh kategori sangat “kurang”. Maka dapat disimpulkan dari nilai rata-rata yaitu 149,99, bahwa tingkat keterampilan teknik dasar permainan bola basket siswa yang berminat dalam olahraga bola basket di SMAN 1 Tenggarong Seberang masuk dalam kategori “Cukup”. Dan untuk 8 siswi menunjukan sebanyak 1 siswi yang memperoleh kategori “sangat baik”, 5 siswi yang memperoleh kategori “cukup”, dan 2 siswi yang memperoleh kategori “kurang”. Maka dapat disimpulkan dari nilai rata-rata yaitu 149,84, bahwa tingkat keterampilan teknik dasar permainan bola basket siswi yang berminat dalam olahraga bola basket di SMAN 1 Tenggarong Seberang masuk dalam kategori “Cukup”. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan keterampilan yang dimiliki siswa dan siswi berbeda-beda dan masih banyak siswa dan siswi yang kurang terlatih dalam penguasaan teknik-teknik dasar olahraga bola basket.
Upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar passing dan dribbling permainan bola basket melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation pada peserta didik kelas xi-1 Farmasi SMK Negeri 17 Samarinda
Authors: Amiruddin Baso , Ramli Buhari Muhammad , Naheria Naheria
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar menggoper dan menggiring bola basket pada peserta didik kelas XI-1 farmasi SMK Negeri 17 Samarinda tahun ajaran 2019/2020 menggunakan model kooperatif tipe group investigation. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yang terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi tindakan untuk tiap siklus. Subyek penelitian adalah murid kelas XI-1 farmasi SMK Negeri 17 Samarinda tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 32 murid, 5 siswa dan 27 siswi. Sumber data untuk penelitian berasal dari murid dan guru. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan tes keterampilan, pengetahuan dan juga mengamati perilaku murid sebagai penilaian pada aspek sikap. Data analisis mengunakan teknik analisis deskriptif yang berdasarkan pada analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa mengunakan model kooperatif tipe group investigation dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar passing dan dribbling bola basket pada murid dari prasiklus ke siklus satu dari siklus satu ke siklus dua. Dari analisis data yang diperoleh hasil siklus satu terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar menggoper dan menggiring bola basket yang tuntas yaitu 43,75% atau 14 murid yang tuntas. Sedangkan siklus dua peningkatan hasil belajar teknik dasar menggoper dan menggiring bola basket sebesar 100% atau 32 peserta didik yang tuntas. Bedasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mengunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation tepat dalam pembelajaran bola basket khususnya teknik dasar passing dan dribbling.
Analisis Perbandingan Buku Teks Fisika Siswa SMA Kelas XI Antara Buku Sekolah Elektronik (BSE) dan Buku Non BSE Ditinjau Pada Komponen Kelayakan Isi, Penyajian Materi Ajar, Penyajian Pembelajaran, dan Kebahasaan
Authors: Rofidah Rani , Junus Muhammad , Hakim Abdul
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbandingan buku teks siswa SMA kelas XI antara Buku Sekolah Elektronik (BSE) dan buku Non-BSE ditinjau pada komponen kelayakan isi, penyajian materi ajar, penyajian pembelajaran, dan kebahasaan. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan desain analisis isi dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan masing-masing dua buku dari jenis BSE dan non-BSE. Teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu: 1) menyiapkan data; 2) mendefinisikan unit-unit analisis; 3) mengembangkan kategori dan skema coding; 4) melakukan coding, dan; 5) menyajikan data. Instrumen penilaian yang digunakan telah disediakan oleh Kemendikbud melalui Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP). Hasil penilaian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum pada komponen kelayakan isi, penyajian materi ajar, dan penyajian pembelajaran, BSE lebih unggul daripada non BSE karena non-BSE belum mampu mencapai seluruh tujuan pembelajaran. Pada komponen kebahasaan, buku BSE dan buku non-BSE memiliki kualitas yang sebanding karena kedua jenis buku telah memenuhi hampir seluruh butir penilaian menurut BSNP.
Design of stamping equipment for manufacturing axisymmetric parts with end bulges and their use
Authors: Panfilov Gennadiy , Do An , Le Min
Published: March 2021

Designed special stamping equipment for the double-sided heading of axisymmetric parts with end bulges is shown, and also there are developed original designs of devices having parts mentioned.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN TEBAL LAPIS TAMBAH PERKERASAN LENTUR MENGGUNAKAN METODE AASHTO 1993 (STUDI KASUS: JALAN MAGELANG-PURWOREJO KM 8+00 S.D. 10+00)
Authors: Puspitasari Evi , Nurobingatun Siti , Maryunani Woro Partini
Published: March 2021

Kerusakan perkerasan jalan merupakan permasalahan kompleks yang menimbulkan kemacetan, kecelakaan, penembahan waktu tempuh. Salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki kerusakan jalan adalah dengan memberikan tebal lapis tambah (overlay) pada ruas jalan yang ditinjau. Jalan Magelang-Purworejo Km 8+00 s.d. 10+00 dijadikan lokasi studi kasus dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung tebal lapis tambah perkerasan lentur dengan metode AASHTO 1993. Metode yang digunakan adalah identifikasi masalah dan survey pendahuluan, pengumpulan data, pengolahan data, pembahasan dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisis berdasarkan metode AASHTO 1993 dilakukan dengan menggunakan parameter-parameter yang terdiri atas data geometrik jalan, Lalu lintas Harian Rata-Rata (LHR), tebal lapisan perkerasan eksisting, nilai CBR lapangan, dan data hari hujan.  Perhitungan dilakukan dengan pengolahan data LHR, penentuan Modulus Resiliens, melakukan perhitungan nilai kapasitas struktural perkerasan (SN), Perhitungan tebal overlay. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, diperoleh tebal lapis tambah yang diperlukan untuk memperbaiki kinerja pelayanan jalan yaitu sebesar 5 cm. Tipe lapis tambahan termasuk dalam kategori lapis tambahan fungsional (pemeliharaan). Perhitungan tebal lapis tambah ini dapat juga dilakukan dengan metode lainnya, kemudian dibandingkan hasilnya, sehingga dapat diperoleh hasil yang paling ideal sesuai dengan kondisi di lapangan.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PLASTIK LDPE SEBAGAI BAHAN CAMPURAN PEMBUATAN BATA BETON (PAVING BLOCK)
Authors: Brizi Muhammad Rifki Attib , Rakhmawati Anis , Arnandha Yudhi
Published: March 2021

Paving block adalah suatu komposisi bahan bangunan yang dibuat dari campuran semen, air dan agregat dengan perbandingan tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan plastik LDPE sebagai bahan pengganti semen pada paving block. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah paving block dengan campuran plastik LDPE dan pasir dapat memenuhi SNI 03-0691-1996.

 

Paving block dibuat di Dusun Bumirejo I, Desa Banjarsari, Kecamatan Windusari, Kabupaten Magelang. Dalam penelitian ini perbandingan plastik LDPE dengan pasir yaitu 100% : 0%, 90% : 10%, 80% : 20%, 70% : 30%, 60% : 40%, 50% : 50%. Pengujian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bahan Bangunan Universitas Gadjah Mada.

 

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kuat tekan terbesar pada komposisi campuran 100% : 0% sebesar 15,289 MPa, sedangkan kuat tekan terendah terdapat pada variasi campuran 80% : 20% sebesar 7,735 MPa. Keausan tertinggi pada variasi campuran 50% : 50% sebesar 0,226 mm/menit, Keausan terendah pada varisi campuran 80% : 20% sebesar 0,058 mm/menit. Daya serap paving block terbesar terdapat pada variasi campuran 50% : 50% sebesar 0,353%, sedangkan nilai penyerapan terendah terdapat pada variasi campuran 100% : 0% dengan nilai penyerapan sebesar 0,260%. Hasil pengujian natrium sulfat dan sifat tampak menunjukkan sampel dalam kondisi baik dan tidak mengalami retak. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut paving block dengan bahan LDPE ini diklasifikasikan sebagai mutu C yang dapat digunakan untuk pejalan kaki.
DEPRESSÃO E EFEITOS DA COVID-19 EM UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Algazal Marin Gabrielli , Caetano Igor Ruan de Araujo , Bianchin Jullya Martins , Cavicchioli Fernanda Liboni
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Em 2019 e 2020 o mundo foi afetado pela pandemia da coronavírus (COVID-19) - uma emergência de saúde pública, conforme a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). A resposta ao aumento no número de infecções e mortes foi o fechamento de diversos ambientes e a imposição do distanciamento social, fato que alterou os locais de interação e vivência dos estudantes universitários.

Objetivos: Evidenciar e compreender os reflexos psicossociais, especialmente a depressão, em virtude da doença e do cenário pandêmico.

Métodos: Trata-se de revisão literária narrativa. Foram encontrados 234 artigos, na base dados PUBMED e PubMed Central com as palavras-chave “students”; “depression”; “quarantine”; “coronavirus infections”. Foram excluídos artigos que não trataram de depressão, estudantes ou que não abordavam estudantes universitários ou não diferenciaram as populações no estudo, restando 14 artigos.

Resultados: Foram observados diversos impactos na vida dos estudantes universitários, como também a queda no desempenho estudantil no ensino superior e o agravamento de sintomas depressivos com o confinamento, (P<0,001) em especial naqueles infectados (P<001). O maior sedentarismo, a redução da prática de exercício físico, tempo de sono, piora da dieta auxiliaram no aumento dos sintomas depressivos.  O comportamento foi alterado com aumento da reclusão, percepção de risco, e ideação suicida (P<0,001).

Discussão: o cenário pandêmico aumentou os índices de depressão entre estudantes universitários, bem como a falta de adesão ao tratamento dos que já possuíam a doença. O confinamento, o sedentarismo, o maior número de horas em tela, de notícias pelas mídias, a piora da alimentação e a frustração dos estudantes diante da realidade acadêmica estão todos relacionados ao aumento dos quadros depressivos. São necessários novos estudos que envolvam a depressão e os estudantes universitários. Raros são os estudos longitudinais, como também, intervencionistas, apesar de ambos serem essenciais para que as intervenções pelo sistema de saúde sejam eficazes e convenientes, não apenas nesta, mas também em próximas pandemias possíveis.
SECRECY IN PRETRIAL DISCOVERY: HOW NON-RENDERING COURTS SHOULD TREAT PRIOR PROTECTIVE ORDERS IN SUBSEQUENT LITIGATIONS
Authors: Ukamwa Naphtali
Published: March 2021

Simply put, the issue that presents itself, at the
heart of this Article is what weight, if any, should a non-rendering court
accord the protective orders emanating from pending, settled and dismissed
cases in other courts? This Article adds a special tone to the already loud
voices on protective-order modification, arguing principally that absolute
deference to the issuing court is a leeway for duplicative discovery that
places an unfair burden on litigants, a consequence that diminishes sound
judicial administration and the Rule-1 objectives. This Article will advance
the policy argument that excessive deference to the issuing court is an
invitation for absolute insulation of the party insisting on it to decline
cooperation in subsequent litigations, which
has the potential for engendering further secrecy of bad products and conducts
at the expense of public safety. This article will assess the justifications
and criticisms underpinning the idea of deference to the issuing court to
modify and vacate its orders, emphasizing the validity of those justifications
and criticisms and the prospect for meaningful balance to cater for necessary
practicalities and the legitimate interests of litigants while allowing
subsequent parties to benefit from civil discovery in substantial ways.
Analisis Jurnal Oleh : Marthen Billy Jesajas
Authors: Jesajas Marthen Billy
Published: March 2021

CV. Harapan Jaya yaitu Perusahaan yang melakukan kegiatan bisnis di bidang retail, dan menjual langsung produk kepada konsumen. Konsumen terbaik selalu di berikan bonus secara cuma-cuma oleh pihak Perusahaan. Pemberian bonus di lakukan secara berkala yaitu 6 bulan sekali dalam perhitangan periode 1 bulan sekali. Akan tetapi dalam proses pemilihan Konsumen terbaik, CV. Harapan Jaya mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan konsumen mana yang akan mendapatkan bonus / reward. Dengan menggunakan komputer sebagai salah satu alat bantu dalam proses pengambilan keputusan untuk menentukan konsumen terbaik yang di dukung dengan metode weighted product untuk memperoleh hasil yang akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang aplikasi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan untuk pemilihan konsumen terbaik yang nantinya layak di berikan bonus oleh CV. Harapan Jaya dengan melihat dari nilai kiteria – kriteria konsumen dan penilaian dari kantor. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi “Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Dengan Metode Weighted Product (WP) Berbasis Web ” dibangun dengan bahasa pemrograman php menggunakan Mysql
Sense Logic
Authors: Mielberg Egger L.
Published: March 2021

Traditional mathematical logic is "what follows from what".Sense logic - "what belongs to what".Traditional mathematical logic is "a collection of abstract objects not related to the outside world."Sense logic is "a set of objects and events that describe the state of the real world."Below, we present a new paradigm of logic based on semantic connections between the considered objects of any nature. The Sense Logic is not a part of traditional mathematics. Its main task is to describe the phenomena of the real world from the standpoint of their semantic coherence.
Como ganhar oNobel?
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: March 2021

Apresento uma metodologia ativa de avaliação denominada oNobel, cujo objetivo é promover maior motivação e comprometimento dos estudantes na avaliação de sua aprendizagem.
Objectively measured physical activity and symptoms of psychopathology in general population adolescents from the SIGMA cohort
Authors: Hagemann Noëmi , Kirtley Olivia J , Lafit Ginette , Wampers Martien , Achterhof Robin , Hermans Karlijn Susanna Francisca Maria , Hiekkaranta Anu Pauliina , Lecei Aleksandra , vancampfort davy , Myin-Germeys Inez
Published: March 2021

Background: Less physical activity (PA) has been associated with the development of psychopathology in adolescence. Few studies, however, have focused on understanding the nature of the PA – psychopathology relationship and existing research relies mostly on self-report PA measures, which are less reliable. In this study, we investigated the nature and potential dose-response relationship between objectively measured light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and psychopathology symptoms in adolescents. Methods: 1130 adolescents (67% female) aged 11-19 years from the SIGMA cohort wore the Fitbit Charge 2 measuring LPA and MVPA during at least three days. Participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory-53, assessing general symptoms of psychopathology, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism. Model selection was conducted in a subset of the dataset (n = 566) to determine the best fit. The optimal model was then fitted to the remainder of the dataset (n= 564).Results: Results indicated that, compared to non-linear alternatives, a linear relationship between LPA/MVPA and psychopathology fits best. None of these linear associations were significant, however.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that LPA and MVPA are not significantly related to symptoms of general psychopathology, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism. Therefore, this study does not provide evidence that higher durations of LPA and MVPA alone relate to reduced symptoms of psychopathology in the general adolescent population. A more integrative approach considering the interdependency of multiple lifestyle factors, as well as the domain, context, and individual experience of PA may add value to the understanding of the PA- psychopathology relationship.
A Systematic Review of Parenting in Singapore: Insights to the Culture-Specific Functions of Styles and Practices
Authors: Cheung Hoi Shan , Lim Elinor
Published: March 2021

Cross-cultural studies on parenting have identified cultural nuances that may impact the form and functions of parenting styles and practices in different contexts. This systematic review is undertaken with the aim of identifying such nuances in an under-studied culture (Singapore), as a starting point to understand and compare the forms and functions of parenting in Asia and beyond. A review of 27 studies showed that optimal parenting styles and practices were associated with positive child development outcomes in Singapore, similar to what has been observed in Western contexts. However, some parenting behaviours that were typically considered to be sub-optimal were not invariably related to poorer child outcomes in Singapore, indicating that there may be protective cultural factors related to the interpretation of parental control. Adopting an emic approach to parenting research would deepen our understanding of the cultural generality and specificity of practices, ensuring that the design and implementation of parenting interventions are culturally appropriate and effective.
Beyond Nudging: Generalisable and transferable learning in human decision-making
Authors: Jarvstad Andreas
Published: March 2021

Canonical work on human decision-making demonstrates consistent, stereotyped and sub-optimal risk-reward trade-offs. However, recent work on experienced-based-, perceptual- and sensori-motor choice appear to severely restrict the scope of the canonical work, demonstrating trade-offs that are either differently sub-optimal, or much closer to optimal. Such dissociations may reflect highly specific mechanisms, or other confounds between domains; impossible to tease apart with current observational methods. We develop a method for strong causal inference based on experimentally manipulating risk preferences. Using a double-blind randomized control design, we trained people in a single domain, evaluate the extent to which training generalizes beyond the training-set, and more importantly the extent to which training transfers to risk domains in which participants were not trained. Participants were trained to maximize their expected earnings (i.e., to be risk-neutral). In total, we tested for transfer to four different risk domains, all of which are known to dissociate. We find that training is necessary and sufficient to cause reliable changes in decision-making. Importantly, training transfers, with participants becoming more risk-neutral also in domains for which they had had no training, showing that risk-reward trade-offs in different domains and tasks share common substrate. Shared mechanisms open up the opportunity to for practical general-purpose training programmes to improve human decision-making.
Natural Cybernetics of Time, or about the Half of any Whole
Authors: Penchev Vasil Dinev
Published: March 2021

Norbert Wiener’s idea of “cybernetics” is linked to temporality as in a physical as in a philosophical sense. “Time orders” can be the slogan of that natural cybernetics of time: time orders by itself in its “screen” in virtue of being a well-ordering valid until the present moment and dividing any totality into two parts: the well-ordered of the past and the yet unordered of the future therefore sharing the common boundary of the present between them when the ordering is taking place by choices. Thus, the quantity of information defined by units of choices, whether bits or qubits, describes that process of ordering happening in the present moment. The totality (which can be considered also as a particular or “regional” totality) turns out to be divided into two parts: the internality of the past and the externality of the future by the course of time, but identifiable to each other in virtue of scientific transcendentalism (e.g. mathematical, physical, and historical transcendentalism). A properly mathematical approach to the “totality and time” is introduced by the abstract concept of “evolutionary tree” (i.e. regardless of the specific nature of that to which refers: such as biological evolution, Feynman trajectories, social and historical development, etc.), Then, the other half of the future can be represented as a deformed mirror image of the evolutionary tree taken place already in the past: therefore the past and future part are seen to be unifiable as a mirrorly doubled evolutionary tree and thus representable as generalized Feynman trajectories. The formalism of the separable complex Hilbert space (respectively, the qubit Hilbert space) applied and further elaborated in quantum mechanics in order to uniform temporal and reversible, discrete and continuous processes is relevant. Then, the past and future parts of evolutionary tree would constitute a wave function (or even only a single qubit once the concept of actual infinity be involved to real processes). Each of both parts of it, i.e. either the future evolutionary tree or its deformed mirror image, would represented a “half of the whole”. The two halves can be considered as the two disjunctive states of any bit as two fundamentally inseparable (in virtue of quantum correlation) “halves” of any qubit. A few important corollaries exemplify that natural cybernetics of time.
Linking surveys and digital trace data: Insights from two studies on determinants of data sharing behavior
Authors: Silber Henning , Breuer Johannes , beuthner Christoph , Gummer Tobias , Keusch Florian , Siegers Pascal , Stier Sebastian , Weiß Bernd
Published: March 2021

Combining surveys and digital trace data can enhance the analytic potential of both data types. We present two studies on factors influencing data sharing behavior for different types of digital trace data: Facebook, Twitter, Spotify, and health app data. Across those data types, we compare the relative impact of five factors on data sharing: data type, data sharing method, respondent characteristics, sample composition, and incentives. The results show large differences between the data types and sharing methods, especially related to task difficulty and respondent burden. Higher incentives generally increase data sharing rates, whereas the influence of respondent characteristics depends on the respective data types.
Public support for empowering police during the COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from London
Authors: Yesberg Julia , Hobson Zoe , Pósch Krisztián , Bradford Ben , Jackson Jonathan , Kyprianides Arabella , Solymosi Reka , Dawson Paul , Ramshaw Nicole , Gilbert Emily
Published: March 2021

In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, police services around the world were granted unprecedented new powers to enforce social distancing restrictions to help to get the virus under control. Using data from a representative survey of Londoners fielded during the height of the first wave of the pandemic (April – June 2020), we explore the scale of public support for giving police additional powers to enforce the regulations, how support for different powers changed over time, and what factors predicted support. Aside from one lockdown-specific factor, we find that even in the midst of a pandemic, trust, legitimacy and affect were the most important predictors of support for police empowerment.