bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth Environment of Carbon Nanotubes by DC-PCVD
Authors: Qi Hai Dong , Wang Li Zhong , Liu Hong Bo
Published: February 2014

The method of carbon nanotubes by DC-PCVD is analysed. Growth environment of carbon nanotubes is researched with the substrate temperature at 500°C-900°C.The pressure of gas is 60torr,75torr,90torr.It is appropriate when the temperature is 700°C and the pressure is 75torr.Growth characteristic of carbon nanotubes is researched when the concentration of CH4 ranges is 8%-20%.The diameter of carbon nanotubes is uniform when the concentration of CH4 is low.The diameter is not uniform if the concentration is high.
Study of Inclusion’s Source and Character in Different T[O] Content
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Qing Xiao , Wang Shuo Ming , Han Peng Long
Published: February 2014

Inclusion’s source and character in different T[ content are studied in the paper, molten slag and refractory material that leave in steel are also calculated. Inclusion in steel are principally come from deoxidation, accompany with the decrease of T[ content, influence of molten slag and refractory materials to inclusions are getting more and more serials. Inclusions which come from molten slag and refractory material are 88.9%, 24.6% and 18.1% defenetly. Great influence on non steady large inclusions in T[ steel, when the mold level fluctuation is large, almost 100% of inclusions in steel have slag inclusion of covering slag. When tundish liquid level fluctuation is large, about 30%~60% inclusions in steel have tundish slag.
Hot Ductility of Low Carbon Nb-Microalloyed Weathering Steel
Authors: Zhang Mei , Zhao Xue , Zhu Yan , Huang Chao Bin , Li Qing Shan , Zhong Yong , Li Lin
Published: February 2014

High temperature tensile tests of novel developed Nb-microalloyed weathering steels were carried out with a constant true strain rate of 0.001/s at 650°C-1300°C using Gleeble3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. The tensile strength (TS) and reduction in area (RA) were calculated afterwards to obtain hot ductility curve and hot strength curve of the steel. The hot ductility behaviors were studied in detail under optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transition electron microscope (TEM). The third brittle zone of the studied steels was between 650°C-800°C. SEM fractographs and microstructures of the tensile specimen showed that the occurrence of the third brittle zone was mainly related to the formation of pro-eutectoid ferrite film along the prior austenite grain boundaries, and secondly to the precipitation of second phases. Therefore, it was recommended that the straightening temperature of the studied steel after casting should be kept over 800°C to get crack free continuous casting (CC) slabs.
Effect of Hydrogen Induced Additional Stress on the Influence on High-Strength Steels
Authors: Li Hui Lu , Shao Kang Chen , Yang Qing Hao , Feng Jia Ning
Published: February 2014

The flowing stress of a highstrength steel before unloading is different with the yield stress of the same sample extended in air after unloading and charging with hydrogen. The difference is the hydrogeninduced additive stress, which can help the external stress to enhance the plastic deformation. The hydrogeninduced additive stress,σad, induced through being immered in a 3.5% NaCl solution with pH=4 increases linearly with the yield strength of the sample,e.g.,σad=106.6 + 0.14σys. On the other hand, hydrogeninduced additive stress increases linearly with the logarithm of hydrogen concentration in the samples with the yield strengths of 900 and 1050 MPa,i.e,σad=55.5 + 63.6 lnC0(σys=900 MPa) andσad=23.5 + 64.2 lnC0(σys=1050 MPa). To sum up, the hydrogeninduced additive stress isσad=260 + 0.226σys+ 63.9 lnC0.
Influence of Milling Time on Morphology and Properties of Precursor Powders for 9Cr Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel
Authors: Xie Rui , Lu Zheng , Lu Chen Yang , Liu Chun Ming
Published: February 2014

In order to clarify the influence of milling time on the atomized precursor powders for 9Cr-ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) steel, the morphology and microstructure of atomized powders and mechanical alloying (MA) powders with different milling time were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser diffraction particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Vickers-hardness tester. The experimental results showed that the atomized powders are spherical in shape with the particle size of ~ 47 μm and the grain size of ~ 2 μm. With the increase of MA time, the morphology of MA powders becomes from spherical to lamellar structure, then to equiaxed shape. The mean powder size increases firstly then decreases. The grain size decreases quickly at the initial stage of milling process (0-2 h) then trends to reach a saturation value. The Vickers-hardness increases rapidly at the initial stage of milling, then reaches a saturation value.
A Study on the Microstructure and Hardness Feature of 6CrW2MoVSi Steel after Heat Treatment
Authors: Dai Yu Mei , Ma Yong Qing , Wu Yan Bin , Ji Ya Nan
Published: February 2014

6CrW2MoVSi steel has a refined and even microstructure after heat treatment, the average size of annealing carbide is 0.6 μm; quenching martensite is mainly lath-shaped martensite and only a small amount of acicular martensite, and the size of quenching acicular at 950 °C is smaller than 2.5 μm. The curve of quenching hardness increasing with quenching temperature rising is divided into three sections. In the middle section of quenching between 910 °C ~ 980 °C, quenching hardness presents slow rising trend. After higher temperature quenching, there are low and high temperature tempering precipitation hardening zones. At 220 °C ~ 240 °C tempering temperature, precipitation hardness is HRC54 ~ 58. At 540 °C ~ 570 °C tempering temperature, precipitation hardness is HRC52 ~ 56.
Effect of Heat Treatment Processes on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nb-Ti-Stabilized 430 Stainless Steel Plate
Authors: Huang Xun Zeng , Chen Si Yue , Zhang Xin , Yang Yi Tao
Published: February 2014

In this research, influence of annealing process on microstructure and mechanical performance of Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel were investigated. In order to obtain the optimal annealing process, metallographic observation, SEM detection and tensile test were carried out. It is found that the microscopic structure is composed of fine and uniform isometric recrystallization grain after annealing. Optimum microstructure and mechanical properties can be achieved while annealed at 950 °Cfor 90 seconds. The annealed sample can obtain the optimum microstructure and mechanical properties under such annealing process. The yield platform is eliminated and the average plastic strain ratio is further improved to 1.269, which reflected a well deep drawability of the Nb-Ti-stabilized 430 ferritic stainless steel compared to SUS 430 stainless steel.
The Research of Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Processed by Stress Relief Annealing Experiments
Authors: Li Zhun , Liu Jing , Li Shi De , Zheng Ze Lin
Published: February 2014

A high grade non-oriented electrical steel final annealing product was processed by stress relief annealing experiments under pure hydrogen atmosphere using different process parameters. The samples were compared in the aspects of magnetic properties and anisotropy, then analyzed the phenomena concerned with grain size, texture and precipitates aspects. The experiments showed that the samples magnetic properties were most improved in the 850 degrees stress relief annealing experiment, thus providing a reference method for non-oriented silicon steel stress relief annealing experiments and to obtain low core loss non-oriented silicon steel.
Multiaxial Fatigue Life Prediction of 50CrVA Spring Steel under Proportional Loading
Authors: Zhao Kai , He Yu Huai , Liu Xin Ling
Published: February 2014

Multiaxial fatigue life of 50CrVA spring steel standard specimens and eccentric specimens under proportional loading was studied with MTS 809 tension-torsion electro-hydraulic servo tester. Both kinds of specimens were calculated by the finite element software ABAQUS and the fatigue life of specimens were predicted based on the finite element results. The results show that the additional bending moment will obviously reduce the life of specimens; only the Manson-Halford model and modified Manson-Halford model can obtain satisfactory results in many prediction models selected.
Brief Introduction of Microwave Ceramics Developed in our Labs for Dielectric Resonators
Authors: Miao Xi Geng , Liu Jing Jing , Ghezzo Fabrizia , Fang Xiao Wei , Zhao Zhi Ya , Liu Ruo Peng
Published: February 2014

Microwave filters require dielectric ceramic resonators attached to ceramic supports via joining. Among the BaTiO3, CaTiO3, and Ba2Ti9O20based-dielectric ceramics prepared in our labs., the CaTiO3ceramics modified with NdAlO3and Al2O3gave satisfactory dielectric properties: dielectric constant DK = 40.69, quality factor Qxf = 18842 GHz (fo = 6.551 GHz), and frequency temperature coefficient tf= 2.542 ppm °C-1. For replacing the hard-to-sinter Al2O3based-ceramic supports, a glass-ceramic of the SiO2-B2O3-P2O5-ZnO system was developed, leading to a low sintering temperature of 900 °C, and a low dielectric constant (<4). Finally, a Bi2O3-ZnO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO glass was used as a sealing agent to replace the traditional gluing consisting of an adhesive. The present work hinters that with proper sintering aids, one can produce multilayered and integrated resonators with and without embedded passive elements.
The Effects of K/Na Ratio on the Electrical Properties of (Li, Sb, Ta) Modified KNN Piezoelectric Ceramics at Reduced Temperature with KNbO3 as Sintering Aid
Authors: Jia Meng Meng , Ma Jian
Published: February 2014

0.95(Na0.95-xKxLi0.05)(Nb0.90Sb0.05Ta0.05)O3-0.05KNbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state sintering method, the effects of K/Na ratio on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics were studied in detail. The results show that the addition of the pre-calcined KNbO3 powder as sintering aid is very effective to improve the density and sinterability, and the ceramics could be well sintered at reduced temperature of 1060 °C as compared with the relatively higher sintering temperature of Li, Sb, Ta modified KNN ceramics reported in the literature at 1100-1220 °C. The ceramics with x=0.44 possess the optimal properties: d33=231 pC/N, kp= 47 %, Pr= 22 μC/cm2, and Ec= 11.4 kV/cm.
The Study on Synthesis and Impact Properties of Novel Dual Polymerization of Epoxy Composite Materials to Green Production Process
Authors: Chang Huey Ling , Chen Chih Ming , Sun Chin Huang
Published: February 2014

In this research, a novel composite material is prepared by using light irradiation and thermal curing polymerization under a green production process. The methodology is to alter the composition of the materials, including amounts of hardener, monofunctional monomer, polyfunctional acrylic monomer and epoxy resin. The process is also accompanied with/without fiberglass. The new sample is processed by photo polymerization and heating hardening molding. The property of the novel material was investigated whether was influenced by doping fiberglass and hardener. The mechanical properties of the novel material were examined by using Izod impact test. Its morphology was observed by an optical microscopy.
Experimental results showed that the fiberglass doping can increase the strength of resin but does not affect the light hardening reaction and the optical penetration. The research results concluded that a novel epoxy composite material can be synthesized under green production process and improve its toughness by means of photo polymerization and thermal curing dual polymerization.
Structure and Performance of Calcined Bauxite
Authors: Fang Bin Zheng , Li Hui , Cao Jian Wei , Wu Jian Feng , Xu Xiao Hong , Wang Xi Dong
Published: February 2014

In order to further broaden the application field of calcined bauxite, using differential thermal analysis-thermo-gravimetry (DTA-TG), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other testing technology to study and analysis on the high temperature performance of calcined bauxite in this paper. The results show that the main crystal phases of calcined bauxite are corundum and mullite, appearance is layered, granular distribution. Due to the thermal performance of calcined bauxite is optimal, and is expected to be used for the field of high temperature solar thermal heat storage material.
Aircraft Bearings Fracture Failure Analysis
Authors: Kong Huan Ping , Liu Chang Kui , Liu De Lin , Jiang Tao
Published: February 2014

Between aircraft bearings lugs, plates fracture appeared. The failure mode and cause were analyzed by macro and micro observation, EDS analysis, metallographic examination and hardness testing. The results showed that two bearings’ failure were stress corrosion cracking. Bearings’ failure were related with abnormal force state, material cast loose exceeding the allowed limited values played a catalytic role to crack propagation. It is suggested that bearings material surface protection should be strengthened to improve corrosion resistance, bearings design should be optimized to avoid abnormal tensile stress, and material casting process should be improved to reduce cast loose.
An Experimental Investigation on the Solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn Alloys
Authors: Pi Zhao Hui , Li Guang Qiang , Xiao Yan Ping , Zhang Zhan , Zhao Zhuo , Yang Yong Xiang
Published: February 2014

An experimental investigation on the solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy was conducted in a resistance furnace. The solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy was determined by investigating the influence of different conditions such as the ratio of Cu-Sn alloy and temperature. The solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy changes with the proportion of Cu and Sn, and it increases with the increasing of Cu content. The experimental temperature has a significant effect on the solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy. The maximum solubility of Zr in Cu-Sn alloy is 6.2 mass % at 900 °C with the mass ratio of Cu : Sn = 8:2.
Grain Structure and Precipitates in Squeeze Casting Al-Li-Mg-Zr Alloy
Authors: Fan Li , Chen Zhong Wei , Hao Qi Tang
Published: February 2014

Grain structure and precipitates in squeeze casting Al-Li-Mg-Zr alloy for aircraft industry were investigated in heat treated condition, using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. An ultra fine grained structure in sub-micrometer size was obtained, having fine nanograins in it with polycrystalline diffraction rings that are different from the single-crystal patterns in the matrix. Ultra fine grain areas are generally located on the grain boundaries and sub-grain boundaries. In addition, TEM observations indicates the presence of lenticular δ' (Al3Li) phases that symmetrical distributed around the GP zones. The alloy also contains spherical β' (Al3Zr) dispersoids, and S1 (Al2MgLi) phases.
Cube Texture Formation of Cu-33at.%Ni Alloy Substrates and CeO2 Buffer Layer for YBCO Coated Conductors
Authors: Tian Hui , Suo Hong Li , Liang Ya Ru , Zhao Yue , Ma Lin , Meng Yi Chen , Grivel Jean Claude , Yi Ning
Published: February 2014

Cube texture formation of Cu-33 at.%Ni alloy substartes and CeO2buffer layer prepared by chemical solution deposition on the textured substrate were investigated by electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD) and XRD technics systematically. The results shown that a strong cube textured Cu-33at.%Ni alloy substrate with the cube texture fraction of 99.8 % (< 10°) was obtained after annealing at 1000°C for 1 h. The full width half maximum (FWHM) values for the X-ray (111) phi-scan and (002) omega-scan in this substrate were 7.31° and 5.51°, respectively. Furthermore, the cube texture fraction of epitaxially grown CeO2buffer layer was 95 % (< 10°), and the FWHM values of phi-scan and omega-scan being 6.98° and 5.92°, respectively.
Corrosion Behavior of Incoloy 800 in Molten Nitrate Salt
Authors: Zhang Yu Jun , Xiao Lei Lei , Liu Jun Hua , Liu Mei Ling , Fu Min Hui
Published: February 2014

The corrosion behavior of Incoloy 800 as the receiver tube materials in a solar tower field exposed to a mixed molten nitrate salts (KNO3: 40wt.%, NaNO3: 60wt%) at 560°C, has been investigated by several methods. After Incoloy 800 specimens were immersed respectively in molten salts at 560°C for different times (5h, 10h, 20h, 30h, 40h, 60h, and 80h), the weight-loss of specimens were test, the morphology of oxide films on the Incoloy 800 specimens were observed by Optical microscope (OM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the phase composition of the oxide film were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The experimental results revealed that the corrosion kinetics of the tested alloy agreed with the parabolic law at 560°C, and the corrosion rate is 91.5μm/year. The analysis of the phase composition shows the oxide films had a duplex layer structure with Fe2O3in the outer layer, andγ-(Fe,Ni) and Cr2O3in the inner layer.
Effect of Alloying Elements V, Cr and Ni on the Electronic Structure and Mechanical Properties of FeAl from First-Principles Calculation
Authors: Chen Yu , Yao Zheng Jun , Zhang Ping Ze , Wei Dong Bo , Luo Xi Xi , Xue Feng
Published: February 2014

The structure stability, mechanical properties and electronic structures of B2 phase FeAl intermetallic compounds and FeAl ternary alloys containing V, Cr or Ni were investigated using first-principles density functional theory calculations. Several models are established. The total energies, cohesive energies, lattice constants, elastic constants, density of states, and the charge densities of Fe8Al8 and Fe8XAl7 ( X=V, Cr, Ni ) are calculated. The stable crystal structures of alloy systems are determined due to the cohesive energy results. The calculated lattice contants of Fe-Al-X ( X= V, Cr, Ni) were found to be related to the atomic radii of the alloy elements. The calculation and analysis of the elastic constants showed that ductility of FeAl alloys was improved by the addition of V, Cr or Ni, the improvement was the highest when Cr was used. The order of the ductility was as follows: Fe8CrAl7 > Fe8NiAl7 > Fe8VAl7 > Fe8Al8. The results of electronic structure analysis showed that FeAl were brittle, mainly due to the orbital hybridization of the s, p and d state electron of Fe and the s and p state electrons of Al, showing typical characteristics of a valence bond. Micro-mechanism for improving ductility of FeAl is that d orbital electron of alloying element is maily involved in hybridization of FeAl, alloying element V, Cr and Ni decrease the directional property in bonding of FeAl.
Influence of Three Pattern Materials on the Marginal Adaption of Co-Cr Alloy Inner Crown of PFM Endocrown
Authors: Li Hong Bo , Liu Lin , Li Xue Shen , Wang Xiao Yu , Gao Yu Xuan , Guo Jing
Published: February 2014

Objective: To evaluate the influence of three pattern materials on the marginal fitness of Co-Cr alloy inner crown of porcelain fused to metal (PFM) endocrown. Method: Standard molar abutments mould with 90°shoulder, 6°convergens, 5.0mm occlusal-gingival height, and 15.0mm neck diameter were made of stainless steel. Three kinds of pattern materials, including Inlay wax (group A), Casting Pattern resin (group B), and Pattern Resin (group C), were used to fabricate the pattern of Co-Cr alloy inner crown of PFM endocrown. The fitness of the inner crown finished was evaluated. T test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The means of marginal gaps between inner crown and abutment shoulder made of three pattern materials were 55.9μm for group A, 37.1μm for group B, 63.1μm for group C respectively. There were statistically significance among the 3 groups (P< 0. 05). Conclusion: As a pattern material, Casting Pattern resin is suitable for fabrication of Co-Cr alloy inner crown of porcelain fused to metal endocrown.
Research on Compound Bone Oyster Sauce and its Development
Authors: Wang Chao Jin , Xu Hone Lei , Zhang Lu Jing , Zeng Zhen , Zhong Yao Guang
Published: February 2014

This experiment applies orthogonal test to determine the proportion of concentrates of herbal medicine, and the final product meets the standard of GB5009, 392003. The test of microorganism and expired date represents that the oyster sauce can restrain bacteria and prolong its shelf lives. The final product can also clear heat and improve the immunity.
The Structure Design and Fabrication of Drug Releasing Porous Material
Authors: Lin Liu Lan , Lu Yu Jie
Published: February 2014

A kind of drug releasing 3D porous material was designed and fabricated, which could used for bone repairing. The β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) material were fabricated through the rapid prototyping (RP) combining with the freeze-drying, where the scaffold-mould was fabricated by RP. The material was fabricated with ball-milled slurry which solid content was 40%, the pre-freezing temperature was-10°C, and then the material was freeze-dried under vacuum environment at-30°C without sintering. The test results showed that the material had good structure pores with the mean size of 150μm through controlling the pre-freezing temperature, and the compressive strength of the samples was 0.216Mpa.
The Chemical Swelling Effect on Poplar APMP
Authors: Hou Jun Jie , Chen Jia Chuan , Pang Zhi Qiang , Yang Gui Hua
Published: February 2014

Do the research of acidic zinc chloride treatment system to achieve poplar APMP with chemical swelling. The research showed that acidic zinc chloride can effectively swelling poplar APMP pulp, increase the fiber volume and loose the structure, acting concentrated in the amorphous region of the fiber which can help the penetration of chemicals and products of the dissolution. Because the differences of processing system pH and ionic effect, acidic zinc chloride combined alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment can produce swelling synergistic effect.
Vasorelaxation of Rat Aorta Induced by Extract from Clerodendranthus spicatus
Authors: Li Su Juan , Li Fang , Yang Jin Yan , Yan Sai Mei , Wang Ying , Yang Cui
Published: February 2014

The isometric tension was measured in rat aortic rings. The extract fromClerodendranthus spicatus(CS) can enhance the relaxation induced by ACh in lower concentration and has a notable difference on SNP-induced relaxation in male and female. The relaxation of CS is also related to the inhibition of intracellular Ca2+increase.
Establishment of a Sensitive Nitric Oxide Bioassay for Bioscreening Application
Authors: Yang Qiao , Zhang Xiao Ling , Huang Hong Liang
Published: February 2014

Nitric oxide is a free-radical diatomic molecule and an important biologic messenger molecule involved in the regulation of diverse physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in the cardiovascular system, the central and peripheral nervous systems and the immune system. The discovery of NO with these important physiological functions has led to the development of various analytical methods for its detection and quantification. The involvement of nitric oxide in a plethora of vital biological functions makes its detection and quantification of great interest. Among various methods of measurement of the production of nitric oxide in cellular systems, those based on the use of fluorogenic probes have been gaining popularity due to their simplicity and sensitivity. BODIPY has advantages of high extinction coefficients, high fluorescence quantum efficiency and stability to light. Moreover, its emission wavelength can be adjusted by modifying chemical groups. Our lab has been exploring functionalized DABs for labeling and detection of NO several years before. This study was aimed at an evaluation of the specificity of reaction of DAMBO-PH with NO, in particular at an assessment of its reactivity with nitric oxide and its bioscreening application to biological systems.
The Effect of Different Salt Additions on the Microstructure of YBCO Synthesized by a Biomimetic Method
Authors: Zhang Zi Li , Suo Hong Li , Ma Lin , Kursumovic Ahmed , Liu Min , Wang Yi , MacManus-Driscoll Judith L. , Wimbush Stuart C.
Published: February 2014

The effect of different salt additions on the granular microstructure of samples of the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7δ (YBCO) synthesized by a biomimetic method has been investigated. Attempting biotemplating using salts with the rock-salt structure, most such salts were found to be chemically compatible with the YBCO biosynthesis, but only NaCl and KCl were observed to result in the desirable strongly anisotropic platelet growth to form clusters with localized orientational alignment. Broadening the range of additions to other chloride salts of varying structures resulted in an increase in the CuO impurity content of the samples, but with all the YBCO formed exhibiting platelet growth. Chloride salts are therefore considered to be good candidates for addition to the biomimetic YBCO synthesis in order to achieve anisotropic platelet growth.
Finite Element Analysis Based Ultrasonic Elastography
Authors: Wu Xian Xiang , Ming Yan , Wang Juan
Published: February 2014

A variety of ultrasound elasticity imaging methods have been widely used in clinical. However, most of the existing methods are based on the assumption of organization for the pure elastic, and ignore the organization viscoelasticity effects on measurement results. In this paper, the finite element analysis method was used to calculate the different tissue deformation displacement distribution as well as the distribution of acoustic echo, etc. Using the theory of viscoelastic mechanics, we study the effects of viscoelastic parameters and sound pressure frequencies for the viscoelastic imaging of model organization. The experimental results of finite element analysis show that the viscosity of the organization cant be ignored in elastography.
Study on the Physicochemical Properties of the Mixture of Water and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate Salt Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tian Guo Cai , Feng Han Kun
Published: February 2014

The density, viscosity, conductivity of the mixture of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate salt ([Bmim]HSO4) ionic liquids and water have been determined at 25°C and atmospheric pressure. It was found that the density and conductivity of [Bmim]HSO4/water increase with the increase the water concentration at the same temperature, whereas the viscosity of [Bmim]HSO4/water decreases. The relationship between conductivities and temperature are agreed well with the Arrhenius equation.
Facile Synthesis and Crystal Structure of N-(3-Cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide
Authors: Wang Dai Fu , Gao Hui , Tan Xiao Hong , Li Wen Meng , Wang Jing , Wu Ya Jie , Song Xin Jian
Published: February 2014

N-(3-Cyano-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide was synthesized by the acylation reaction of trifluoroacetic anhydride with 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile, which was prepared via microwave-assisted Gewald reaction with K2CO3 as a heterogeneous solid base catalyst. This protocol presented such advantages as short reaction time, high yield, easy work-up and environmentally benign procedures. The structure of the title compound was confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction method. X-Ray diffraction analysis reveals that the cyclohexene ring adopts a half-chair conformation and the thiophene ring is essentially planar.
Study of Phenyl Phenol Formaldehyde Resin and its Curing Performance of Aniline
Authors: Liu Shu Heng
Published: February 2014

A new polymer amine modified phenyl phenol cresol resin preparing reports, physico-chemical constants and the ability to dissolve resin was determined, on the basis ofthe resin and the ring emulsion resin curing were studied.
Theoretical Study on the Isomerization Reaction Mechanism of the Chain-Isomers of N9H9
Authors: Zhang Shu , Wang Xiao Lan , Cai Wan Fei , Li Lai Cai , Tian An Min
Published: February 2014

Density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-311++G** basis set has been used to optimize Chain-isomers of N9H9. Sixteen species are found, the structures, stabilities, thermochemical properties, and their tautomerism are studied and discussed. The ten corresponding transition states have been found. The experimental results indicated that the reaction energy barriers of isomerization of these isomers were between 139.56 kJ/mol and 236.67kJ/mol. The activation energies is higher, the isomerization of these isomers is relatively difficult. The isomerization processes of these chain-isomers of N9H9 are all completed by the H transfer.
Study on the Strengthening of Kraft Liner Board by the Application of Series WEC Cleaner Papermaking Chemicals
Authors: Zhu Yong Qiang , Cao Ping , Bi Dong Su , Zhang Zhan Jun , Wang Tian
Published: February 2014

The improvement of Kraft Liner board strength, including burst index, ring crush index , inter-layer binding strength and folding endurance was investigated. The performance of several WEC paper chemicals were compared to select the optimum one and the most appropriate level. It was found that: (1) with respect to bottom liner board pulp, the optimum furnish was experiment G-3 with the dosage of 0.3% WEC03S + 0.2% WEC02 , while ring crush index being increased by 47.6% , folding endurance by 50.0% and burst index by 20.7%. (2) in terms of three layers composite structure of linerboard, the optimum furnish was experiment E-4 with the dosage of 0.3% WEC03S + 0.1% WEC02 +0.04% WEC02A for cover layer , that of 0.3% WEC02 + 0.03% WEC02A for bottom layer , and that of 0.03% WEC02A for core layer.
Investigation of the Thermal and Optical Properties of Photopolymerizable Resin Enforced by Nanopowder in the Green Production Process
Authors: Chang Huey Ling , Chen Chih Ming , Sun Chin Huang
Published: February 2014

This study is to explore the mixture of the different amounts of nanopowders with different photopolymerizable monomer, polyfunctional monomer and acrylic epoxy resin to prepare novelty nanocomposite materials in green production process. The preparation of nanopowder enforced photopolymerizable resin substrate adopted green production process without solvent that its chemical properties, such asreaction rate, the effect of irradiation dose and operation time, can be controlled in the green production process to solve the underlying issues in applications. The thermal decomposition temperature, thermal expansion, the temperature of glass transition point and transmittance of the material can be measured by various testing methods. The results showed that the thermal decomposition temperature Td had a maximum increase of 17.18 °C. While the powder dosage was 3wt.%. The α1 has a minimum value, which is 29.21% decrease than the original one, from TMA. These were concluded that a material with an appropriate amount of nanopowder can enhance the performanceof the photopolymerizable substrates to the preparation of novelty materials in green production process.
Study on CF Reinforced Interface Properties of PES-C Resin Matrix Composite
Authors: Cui Xu , Liu Gui Long , Lu Chun , Wang Shuo
Published: February 2014

In this paper, low temperature oxygen plasma treatment method was adopted to process the carbon fiber surface and ILSS and Flexural Strength test method were utilized to represent the interfacial shear strength and flexural strength of CF/PES-C composite material. By aid of SEM, this paper observed the interfacial shear and flexural failure morphology of CF/PES-C composite material. Then this paper compared the hygroscopicities and strength retention rates of CF/PES-C composite material before and after the plasma treatment. Results showed that the optimum treatment conditions of carbon fiber were 300W treatment power and 15-minute treatment time. Under this kind of condition, the highest ILSS value of the composite material shall be improved by 24.9% and the highest flexural strength value be increased by 19.55%. After the proper plasma treatment, the interface adhesive property of carbon fiber and PES-C resin matrix can be strengthened, which will further improve the mechanical properties of composite materials.
Preparation of Modified Polyurethane Fiber and Study of its Lead Ions Adsorption
Authors: Wu Xiao , Liu Xin Hua , Wang Cui E , Lv Wei Chao , Li Hong Zhang
Published: February 2014

Modified polyurethane fiber was prepared by wet spinning method, Different amount of chitosan powder that dissolving in polyurethane solution to get spinning solution were examined. This materials presents excellent adsorption capacity on Pb2+. the absorption type on Pb2+ of this modified fibers was monomolecular. The modified fibers get the maximum adsorption 25.53mg/g when the quality ratio of chitosan and polyurethane was 1:1 under the condition of 30°C and pH 6.
Magnesium Diboride Superconducting Films Synthesized by Different Electron-Beam Annealing Currents
Authors: Xu Zhuang , Kong Xiang Dong , Wang Jun , Li Han , Dai Qian , Feng Qing Rong
Published: February 2014

Considerable progress to synthesize magnesium diboride (MgB2) films by electron-beam annealing has been made. A series of MgB2 films with a Tc higher than 35 K had been fabricated. MgB2 film superconductivity is affected by electron-beam accelerating voltage, beam current, annealing duration, beam spot size and Mg/B ratio. In order to fabricate better MgB2 films, these influence factors must be intensively studied. In this paper, the influence of e-beam current on superconductivity was investigated with an accelerating voltage of 32 kV, an annealing time of 0.26 s and different annealing beam currents of 9.9 mA, 10.7 mA, 12.8 mA, 13.3 mA and 14.0 mA. The results show the MgB2 film with 12.8 mA has the highest Tc and the densest structure. Its zero-field Jc at 15K has reached 3.2×106 A/cm2. The variation of the film superconducting properties with the beam currents was grasped, which will lay the foundation for the fabrication of high quality MgB2 thin films
Effect of Cobalt Concentration on the Microstructure of Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Deposits
Authors: Marita Yusrini , Ridwan
Published: February 2014

Nickel-cobalt alloy deposits were prepared on copper substrate by electrochemical deposition at various cobalt concentrations in electrolytic solution of 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 g l-1. The deposition was performed at current density of 30 mA/cm2. X-ray diffraction measurements confirmed that all nickel-cobalt alloy films formed have face-centered cubic structure. EDS studies showed that Co content in Ni-Co alloys increased with the increase of cobalt sulfate concentration in the solution. It can be suggested that increasing concentration of co sulfate is the reason for an increase in activity of cobalt ion. The investigations on the electrodeposited Co-Ni alloys have been shown that their microstructure and surface morphology were found to depend strongly on the Co content in the Ni-Co alloy deposited.
Investigation of the Preparation of Anodized Nanoporous Alumina Array
Authors: Chang Huey Ling , Chen Chih Ming , Sun Chin Huang , Lin Jin Shyong
Published: February 2014

This study produced a regularly arranged membrane, called anodic aluminum oxide (referred AAO), by mean of anodic oxidation treatment. The structure of AAO can be molecular self-assembly and its pore size is consistent. Also, the manufacturing process cost is low. These properties make the AAO be a nanotemplate material. This study further created a high quality of nanostructured film by electrochemical mould with the design of electrolyzer. In addition, a uniform nanothin film was grown on the aluminum surface in the stable control of current and temperature according to the conditions of different anode treatment. This film can form a nanopore array which the diameter can be controlled the size ranging from 15 nm to 400 nm. As results, the study can produce nanoporous template for various aperture by mean of anodic oxidation.
Usability of Fly Ashes from Czech Republic for Sintered Artificial Aggregate
Authors: Cerný Vit , Keprdová Šárka
Published: February 2014

Artificial sintered aggregate produced by self-firing is one of the few building materials, which can be produced with only fly ash. If the character of the fly ash is optimal, no other additions are needed. However, not every fly ash has optimal composition. Quality of fly ash then influences composition of the mix, technological parameters and quality of produced aggregate. Parameters influence the process of self-firing, strength of granules during the phases of drying process, ignition and burning under given underpressure on an agglomerating bed. This often influences correct setting of proportion of combustion material and reduces quality of aggregate. The paper evaluates fly ash produced in the Czech Republic by both high temperature and fluidized bed combustions. Their granulometry, specific surface, bulk weight, structure, chemical composition and behavior at higher temperatures up to the melting point are evaluated.
Study on the Strength Properties of Superior Shoes Board and Furnish
Authors: Liu Yan Xue , Liu Yu Xin , Sun Bing , Shen Bin , Zhang Dong Fang
Published: February 2014

The shoe board emphasizes the strength and the bear to fold especially, so it chooses the long fiber raw material. The experiment confirms optimal beating condition and formula through the analysis of beating of the jute pulp and the softwood (Larch) pulp and a series of condition experiment. The board raw material category is: jute: softwood = 7:3; Jute: 40 oSR, softwood: 30 oSR. The properties of original board are: breaking length: 6115 meters, index: 15.79mN·m2/g, fold endurance: 2125 times.
Fatigue Properties of Titanium Alloy TA11 under Multiaxial Loadings with Tension - Bending Vibration
Authors: Li Bin , Ma Nan , Liu Xin Ling , Qiu Zhi Wang , Li Hong Ren
Published: February 2014

This paper studied the fatigue behavior of the near alpha titanium alloy TA11 under multiaxial loading conditions with tension - bending vibration, to simulate the service stress state applied on the engine blades, where a large centrifugal force is superimposed with bending vibration loads. A plate-like specimen was used in the fatigue tests with different ratios between the tension and bending vibration loads, then, the energy based fatigue criteria were applied for correlation of the test results. The fatigue properties of titanium alloy TA11 under the specialized loading conditions are characterized and discussed.
Study on the Mechanical Property of Nomex Fiber in Different Temperature
Authors: Cao Gen Yang , Xiao Xing Fang , Xu Wei Lin
Published: February 2014

Nomex (Aramid 1313) is the best high temperature resistant high-tech new materials in the world today. In this paper, Nomex was treated in the experiment of high temperature, low temperature, high and low temperature conditions. The results show that the high temperature affects the strength and breaking elongation for nomex fiber. Low temperature and high & low temperature cycle does not affect much on the strength and breaking elongation.
Study on Development of Hemp Stem-Based Panel
Authors: Yang Yuan , Hao Xin Min , Chen Xiao Yuan , Gao Ming Zhai , Zhang Guo Jun
Published: February 2014

The artificial panel was prepared by using hemp stem and its characteristics were tested. And the performance of hemp stem-based panel was studied in this paper. Analysis showed that the artificial panel by using hemp stem as material has batter physical - mechanical properties and lower density than routine particleboard and medium density fiberboard; it has good anti - bacterial property and its formaldehyde emission is 0.
Kinetics of Rubber-Modified Nylon 6
Authors: Zhao Hong Kai , Wang Hong Li
Published: February 2014

Kinetic parameters are calculated based on the reactive temperature rise curve measured by adiabatic approach at the temperature of 145 to 160 °C with the catalytic system of NaOH and acyl caprolactam End-capped butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber (CHTBN) or styrene-butadiene rubber (CHTBS). The reaction order is first order, the activation energy is between 72.91−73.16 kJ∙mol−1 and the pre-exponential factor is between 3.22×1011− 3.38×1011 mol1−n∙s−1 in the system of CHTBN/NaOH. While in CHTBS/NaOH, the reaction order is between 1.23-1.34, the activation energy is between 85.55－86.88 kJ∙mol−1 and the pre-exponential factor is between 4.52×1011−5.0 9×1011 mol1−n∙s−1. The adiabatic reaction kinetic model of caprolactam anion was constructed based on the existing research findings, by which the polymerizing reaction is simulated. The coincidence between the simulation results and the experimental data revealed that the model is reasonable and correct.
Skyrmion Excitations in Graphene
Authors: Zhao Bu Da , Xiang Ming
Published: February 2014

By making use of theφ-mapping topological current theory and the decomposition of gauge potential theory, we investigate the skyrmion excitations of (2+1)-dimensional graphene. It is shown that the topological numbers are Hopf indices and Brower degrees. Based on the bifurcation theory of theφ-mapping theory, it is founded that the skyrmions can be generated or annihilated at the limit point (the generation and annihilation of skyrmion-antiskyrmion pairs).
Antiplane Response of Cylindrical Inclusion with Eccentric Crack to Incident SH Waves
Authors: Yang Jie , Li Dong
Published: February 2014

The analytical solution to a cylindrical inclusion with an eccentric crack impacted incident SH waves was studied by using the methods of Green function and conjunction. Firstly, Green function was constructed, which was an essentical solution of displacement field for an elastic half space containing a half cylindrical inclusion while bearing out-of-plane harmonic line source force at any point of its horizontal boundary. Secondly, the whole space was divided into two parts via conjunction technology, a series of unknown forces were loaded at the linking sections to satisfy continuity conditions.Thirdly, the Fredholm integral equations of the first kind were set up through the continuity conditions and the Green function. Finally, a example for dynamic stress intensity factor for mode III at the crack tip was given. Numerical results show that the dynamic stress intensity factors is influenced by wave numbers and media parameters.
Mathematical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Propranolol Hydrochloride Loading/releasing from Ion Exchange Fibers
Authors: Yao Hui Min , Zhu Jun Yi , Xia Guang Qing
Published: February 2014

Ion-exchange fibers are promising drug delivery carriers,so it is important to predict the loading efficiency and loading capacity in the loading process and accurate prediction and control of the drug release profile(s) from the fibers for a given fiber-drug system under precise loading conditions. Impact of initial drug concentration, drug solution volume and fiber dose on the drug loading process and effect of loading drug concentration drug solution volume, fiber dose on the drug releasing process were assessed experimentally and theoretically. Two mathematical models based on Donnan theory and ion exchange equilibrium theory taking into account the chemical partition coefficient of D+, Na+and Cl-were developed to simulate the drug loading onto ion exchange fiber and releasing process respectively with the aim to gain mechanistic understanding on the factors affecting these two processes. Good correspondence between the experiment and theory has been established.
Study of Selected Characteristics of a Dry Cell Hydrogen Generator in Conditions of Long Term Operation
Authors: Kuracina Marcel , Fiala Jozef , Soldán Maroš
Published: February 2014

Hydrogen generator (HHO generator) is a relatively simply device where the oxygen and hydrogen are produced via water electrolysis. Mostly, water solutions of NaOH or KOH are used instead of pure water due to higher electric conductivity of these solutions. In these measurements, current of 2 A was set for three hours and changes in voltage, temperature, efficiency and hourly volume performance were monitored. All measurements were realized with 10% KOH and 10% NaOH solutions and the results were compared and evaluated. KOH solution is considered as a best available one because of its high chemical stability and efficiency of HHO gas production and NaOH solution was selected due to its low price and good availability.
Region Weighted Wavelet Fusion Method for Partial Focusing Image
Authors: Wu Di , Dai Lei , Bai Xin Wei , Wang Zhi Qiang , Zhang Yao Yu
Published: February 2014

Image fusion technology is widely used on digital image processing to improve the quality of target image that are included in a series partial focusing images. In this paper, we proposing a region weighted wavelet fusion method, which is also considering the neighborhood region of interest point. The comparison of new method and common wavelet fusion method demonstrate that new method will improve the fusion image quality with less wavelet decomposition level.
Efficient Feature Representation for Human Action Recognition in DS&SP
Authors: Li Rui Feng , Wang Liang Liang , Zhang Teng Fei
Published: February 2014

Human action often requires a large volume and computation-consuming representation for an accurate recognition with good diversity as the large complexity and variability of actions and scenarios. In this paper, an efficiency combined action representation approach is proposed to deal with the dilemma between accuracy and diversity. Two action features are extracted for combination from a Kinect sensor: silhouette and 3D message. An improved Histograms of Gradient named Interest-HOG is proposed for silhouette representation while the feature angles between skeleton points are calculated as the 3D representation. Kernel Principle Componet Analysis (KPCA) is also applied bidirectionally in our work to process the Interest-HOG descriptor for getting a concise and normative vector whose volume is same as the 3D one aimed at a successful combining. A depth dataset named DS&SP including 10 kinds of actions performed by 12 persons in 4 scenarios is built as the benchmark for our approach based on which Support Vector Machine (SVM) is employed for training and testing. Experimental results show that our approach has good performance in accuracy, efficiency and robustness of self-occlusion.
Kernel Null Space Marginal Fisher Analysis for Face Recognition
Authors: Lin Yu’e , Liang Xing Zhu , Zhou Hua Ping
Published: February 2014

In the recent years, the feature extraction algorithms based on manifold learning, which attempt to project the original data into a lower dimensional feature space by preserving the local neighborhood structure, have drawn much attention. Among them, the Marginal Fisher Analysis (MFA) achieved high performance for face recognition. However, MFA suffers from the small sample size problems and is still a linear technique. This paper develops a new nonlinear feature extraction algorithm, called Kernel Null Space Marginal Fisher Analysis (KNSMFA). KNSMFA based on a new optimization criterion is presented, which means that all the discriminant vectors can be calculated in the null space of the within-class scatter. KNSMFA not only exploits the nonlinear features but also overcomes the small sample size problems. Experimental results on ORL database indicate that the proposed method achieves higher recognition rate than the MFA method and some existing kernel feature extraction algorithms.