bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping Local Climate Zones Using ArcGIS-Based Method and Exploring Land Surface Temperature Characteristics in Chenzhou, China
Authors: Chen Yaping , Zheng Bohong , Hu Yinze
Published: April 2020

The local climate zone (LCZ) has become a new tool for urban heat island research. Taking Chenzhou as the research object, eight urban spatial form elements and land cover elements are calculated respectively through ArcGIS, Skyhelios and ENVI software. The calculation results are then rasterized and clustered in ArcGIS to obtain the LCZ map at a resolution of 200 m. Afterwards, the land surface temperature (LST) of different local climate zones in the four seasons from 2017 to 2018 is further analyzed using one-way ANOVA F-test and Student’s t-test. The results suggest that: (1) by adding localized LCZ classes and applying the semi-automatic algorithm on the Arc-GIS platform, the final overall accuracy reaches 69.54%, with a kappa value of 0.67, (2) the compact middle-rise buildings (LCZ-2′) and open low-rise buildings (LCZ-6) heavily contribute to the high LST of the downtown area, while the large low-rise buildings (LCZ-8) cause the high LST regions in the eastern part of the town, (3) obvious land surface temperature differences can be detected in four seasons among different LCZ classes, with high LST in summer and autumn. Built-up LCZ classes generally revealed higher LSTs than land cover LCZs in all seasons. The findings of this study provide better understandings of the relationship between LCZ and LST, as well as important insights for urban planners on urban heat mitigation.
Geoheritage and Geotourism Contribution to Tourism Development in Protected Areas of Slovakia—Theoretical Considerations
Authors: Štrba Ľubomír , Kolačkovská Jana , Kudelas Dušan , Kršák Branislav , Sidor Csaba
Published: April 2020

Slovakia is renowned for its remarkable and rare natural beauty, abundant in natural resources with several noteworthy geological features. However, the protection of nature has primarily been understood as the protection of biodiversity in Slovakia. For the conservation of geological diversity and landforms, very little has been done. Geoconservation or the protection of geodiversity is being applied to specific places known as geosites, where significant earth elements (geological, paleontological, geomorphological, hydrological and pedological) are protected, preserved and managed. Most geosites benefit from existing protected areas. Their protection is random and does not result from the recognition of their values. As discussed in the paper, geotourism related activities can undoubtedly contribute to promoting the protection of geosites in protected areas. Besides, through a geotourism approach, geodiversity can obtain public attention and positively influence the state of protected areas by its activities. Such initiatives not only can improve the protection of geological sites but also can play a crucial role in sustainable tourism development.
Energy Efficiency and GHG Emissions Mapping of Buildings for Decision-Making Processes against Climate Change at the Local Level
Authors: Lorenzo-Sáez Edgar , Oliver-Villanueva José-Vicente , Coll-Aliaga Eloina , Lemus-Zúñiga Lenin-Guillermo , Lerma-Arce Victoria , Reig-Fabado Antonio
Published: April 2020

Buildings have become a key source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the consumption of primary energy, especially when used to achieve thermal comfort conditions. In addition, buildings play a key role for adapting societies to climate change by achieving more energy efficiency. Therefore, buildings have become a key sector to tackle climate change at the local level. However, public decision-makers do not have tools with enough spatial resolution to prioritise and focus the available resources and efforts in an efficient manner. The objective of the research is to develop an innovative methodology based on a geographic information system (GIS) for mapping primary energy consumption and GHG emissions in buildings in cities according to energy efficiency certificates. The developed methodology has been tested in a representative medium-sized city in Spain, obtaining an accurate analysis that shows 32,000 t of CO2 emissions due to primary energy consumption of 140 GWh in residential buildings with high spatial resolution at single building level. The obtained results demonstrate that the majority of residential buildings have low levels of energy efficiency and emit an average of 45 kg CO2/m2. Compared to the national average in Spain, this obtained value is on the average, while it is slightly better at the regional level. Furthermore, the results obtained demonstrate that the developed methodology is able to directly identify city districts with highest potential for improving energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. Additionally, a data model adapted to the INSPIRE regulation has been developed in order to ensure interoperability and European-wide application. All these results have allowed the local authorities to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition. In conclusion, public decision-makers will be supported with an innovative and user-friendly GIS-based methodology to better define local strategies towards a low-carbon economy and energy transition in a more efficient and transparent way based on metrics of high spatial resolution and accuracy.
Exploring the Impact of Intuitive Thinking on Creativity with Gray Relational Analysis
Authors: Lu Hui-Ping , Lin Hsin-Hung
Published: April 2020

Creativity is important and constitutes a part of competitiveness in all walks of life. In the case of designers’ visual images, creativity is vital. Based on the perspective of visual design, visual image thinking has always been a widely used thinking mode in the field of design. Regarding whether or not other sensory stimuli can also provide a source of inspiration for designers, many studies have pointed out that different sources of inspiration can create different thinking patterns and even affect the behavior of a designer. Therefore, this study explores whether or not different sensory stimuli have an impact on the thinking of a designer, which in turn allows the designer to spark different inspirations. Here, we explore the relationships between creativity and vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. In this study, novice designers are required to use their creativity to design their works. Through the execution of design tasks, works are produced in two stages. First of all, a scenic spot is decided as the main theme, while the data of the field are collected through observation and experience. Next, the five senses are used to feel the stimulation delivered by the field when located in the field. Last but not least, the five stimuli are transformed into abstract visual pictures. Different sensory stimuli do affect the thinking of a designer and inspire different types of works. A multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) forecasting method is also used to establish a method for evaluating creative designs. By making a comparison between the students and the experts, the results of the creative thinking test show that different sensory stimuli do affect the thinking of a designer and inspire different types of works.
Convergent Insights for Sustainable Development and Ethical Cohesion: An Empirical Study on Corporate Governance in Romanian Public Entities
Authors: Munteanu Ionela , Grigorescu Adriana , Condrea Elena , Pelinescu Elena
Published: April 2020

The global financial crisis was decisive in reanalyzing the role of corporate governance based on the accountability and ethics of governance practices and its impact on sustainable development. The study aims to analyze the relevance of and the interdependencies between financial governance assessment indicators and income efficiency with synergetic effects on sustainable development and social cohesion, offering a distinct contemplation on errors in governance and financial reporting. Deviations concerning the accuracy of financial statements, flaws in the process of budget creation and budgetary execution, poor implementation of internal control systems, non-compliance with procedures of public procurement contracts, and ineffectiveness in sound financial management represent barometers for assessing managerial accountability in the public sector. This study is based on data reported by the Romanian Court of Accounts processed with the principal component analysis and proposes a global efficiency index as a benchmark indicator barometer in order to analyze the influence of managerial accountability and sustainable reporting compliance on revenue reported by public institutions in Romania. The results of the study are of empirical importance and explore the constant need to evaluate managerial accountability and ethics, with an emphasis on error, in order to improve public governance and enhance corporate accountability.
Laws and Trends of the Evolution of Traditional Villages in Plane Pattern
Authors: Yang Xi , Song Ke , Pu Fuan
Published: April 2020

This study collected and analyzed dynamic spatial data of eight traditional villages scattered in different regions of China. A multi-temporal analysis of morphological metrics of spatial patterns and a regression analysis of the morphological evolution were used to analyze and contrast the historical spatial processes of different villages. These were then compared using patch texture and rural macro-morphology perspectives. This led to an assessment of the general laws and trends associated with rural spatial processes. (1) There has been a significant shift in the stability of rural spatial development since the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). (2) Most small and medium-sized villages have maintained a relatively stable spatial texture, while large villages have changed significantly. (3) The mean and variance of the patch area, and the Euclidean nearest-neighbor distance, are correlated in some cases. (4) The mode of rural expansion may be relevant to limitations in the total area of growth. (5) The fractal dimension of the rural macro-morphology may follow a morphological order of oscillation around the equilibrium level. (6) The common mean value of the projected area of rural building patches is expected to be 100 m2.
A Framework to Incorporate Biological Soil Quality Indicators into Assessing the Sustainability of Territories in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Huera-Lucero Thony , Labrador-Moreno Juana , Blanco-Salas José , Ruiz-Téllez Trinidad
Published: April 2020

In Amazonian Ecuador, land-use change from tropical rainforest to different productive purposes is leading to irreversible situations from an environmental perspective. The objective of this paper was to highlight the significance of the biological components in the soils in Amazonian Ecuador, and the importance of considering biological soil quality indexes when assessing environmental impacts in the soils of tropical Pan-Amazonian areas. Since the literature on the subject is dispersed and inaccessible, a bibliographic review was conducted, with the aim of compiling protocols and proposals for practical utilization. We compiled tables, including specific indicators from the biological point of view. We present the available methods for assessing the sustainability of Amazonian territories through the analysis of soil quality. Our contribution facilitates an edaphic perspective to be taken into account in decision-making processes for sustainable territorial development.
Performance Feedback, Goal Clarity, and Public Employees’ Performance in Public Organizations
Authors: Park Soonae , Choi Sungjoo
Published: April 2020

Scholars have emphasized the importance of supervisory feedback in improving individual performance. Subordinates benefit from clear communication of organizational goals and expected behaviors of employees, which are linked to the improvement of individual performance and organizational effectiveness. We examine the dynamic relationship between feedback on performance and individual performance, which is mediated by performance goal clarity. Given the potential influence of contextual factors on the relationship, we also test the moderation effect of autonomy on the relationship between performance goal clarity and individual performance. The data collected from the local government workforce in Korea were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The findings show that performance feedback is significantly and positively related to individual performance, mediated by performance goal clarity. In addition, the mediation effect of performance goal clarity was positively moderated by autonomy. The results imply that performance feedback can contribute to the improvement of individual performance by helping employees clearly understand the performance goals they need to accomplish. The higher levels of autonomy may promote the positive link between a clear understanding of performance goals and individual performance.
Moral Education for Sustainable Development: Comparison of University Teachers’ Perceptions in China and Pakistan
Authors: Asif Tahseen , Guangming Ouyang , Haider Muhammad Asif , Colomer Jordi , Kayani Sumaira , Amin Noor ul
Published: April 2020

Sustainable development is promoted when the system of education provides the learners with an opportunity to equip themselves with moral values, skills, and competences that assist them in effecting personal and community positive changes. For this purpose, teachers play an important role as moral agents, and students consider the teacher a role model. Therefore, the understanding and beliefs of teachers regarding moral education play a pivotal role in grooming the personality of the learners. This comparative study aimed to assess the practices and beliefs of university teachers regarding moral education in China and Pakistan. A mixed-method approach was used and data analysis was performed by using an interactive model and ANOVA. Responses of twelve tertiary teachers were collected from Pakistan and China for qualitative analysis. Seven themes were constructed that categorized teachers’ practice in the classroom and their beliefs regarding moral education. For quantitative analysis, 300 teachers’ responses were collected using a validated questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of Pakistani teachers hold a conservative mindset. According to the Pakistani teachers’ perspective, sovereignty of divine laws, loyalty to the constitution of the state, and a sense of serving society were the ultimate aims of moral education. Chinese teachers were promoting a political ideology that stressed collectivism in a socialist approach, with family and social values being most relevant. Not a single teacher reported using a theoretical or research-based approach while teaching in the class. In the light of the dearth of literature, this study has implications for future research in the field of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and Islamic Studies in higher education, as it is a longitudinal study that provided insight into how teachers’ beliefs and attitudes are shaped over time and from moral educational experiences.
Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment of Zhang River Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve: The Implication of Its Source Change in China’s Mangroves
Authors: Chen Kai , Cai Minggang , Wang Yun , Chen Bin , Li Xiaomeng , Qiu Canrong , Huang Shuiying , Sun Jionghui , Liu Xiaoyan , Qian Bihua , Ke Hongwei
Published: April 2020

Seventeen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were examined in surface sediments from Zhang River Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve, which is situated in the Fujian province in southeast China. The range of ∑OCPs concentration was 0.29–25.41 ng/g dry weight (average 4.53 ng/g), ∑HCHs was 0.008–0.906 ng/g dry weight (average 0.240 ng/g), and ∑DDTs was ND–4.743 (average 0.664 ng/g). The concentrations of the HCH isomers were observed in the following decreasing order: α-HCH > β-HCH > δ-HCH > γ-HCH, and that of the DDT isomers were as in the following order: p,p’-DDT > p,p’-DDE > p,p’-DDD. According to the analysis of the isomer ratios, γ-HCH (lindane) and endosulfan were rarely used recently around this mangrove forest. Instead, the ratios of (DDD+DDE)/DDT showed that DDTs were still illegally used. Compared with other mangroves in China, the residue level and ecological risk of the OCPs in surface sediment from ZREMNNR are both at a low level. Based on stepwise regression analysis, current fruit planting, as well as mariculture in developed areas and vegetable planting in developing areas, had a positive relation with DDT residues in mangrove sediment in China. Oppositely, HCH residues in mangrove sediment were derived from historical consumption, and generally the higher levels occurred in the developed areas. Through this study, we help to close the knowledge gap of OCPs in China’s mangroves and provide a possible management implication for sustainable development in the future.
Investigation of In Vitro Endocrine Activities of Microcystis and Planktothrix Cyanobacterial Strains
Authors: Mallia Vittoria , Ivanova Lada , Eriksen Gunnar S. , Harper Emma , Connolly Lisa , Uhlig Silvio
Published: April 2020

Cyanobacteria are cosmopolitan photosynthetic prokaryotes that can form dense accumulations in aquatic environments. They are able to produce many bioactive metabolites, some of which are potentially endocrine disrupting compounds, i.e., compounds that interfere with the hormonal systems of animals and humans. Endocrine disruptors represent potential risks to both environmental and human health, making them a global challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential endocrine disrupting activities with emphasis on estrogenic effects of extracts from cultures of Microcystis or Planktothrix species. We also assessed the possible role of microcystins, some of the most studied cyanobacterial toxins, and thus included both microcystin-producing and non-producing strains. Extracts from 26 cyanobacterial cultures were initially screened in estrogen-, androgen-, and glucocorticoid-responsive reporter-gene assays (RGAs) in order to identify endocrine disruption at the level of nuclear receptor transcriptional activity. Extracts from selected strains were tested repeatedly in the estrogen-responsive RGAs, but the observed estrogen agonist and antagonist activity was minor and similar to that of the cyanobacteria growth medium control. We thus focused on another, non-receptor mediated mechanism of action, and studied the 17β-estradiol (natural estrogen hormone) biotransformation in human liver microsomes in the presence or absence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), or an extract from the MC-LR producing M. aeruginosa PCC7806 strain. Our results show a modulating effect on the estradiol biotransformation. Thus, while 2-hydroxylation was significantly decreased following co-incubation of 17β-estradiol with MC-LR or M. aeruginosa PCC7806 extract, the relative concentration of estrone was increased.
Indoxyl Sulfate, a Uremic Endotheliotoxin
Authors: Lano Guillaume , Burtey Stéphane , Sallée Marion
Published: April 2020

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. During CKD, the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS)—derived from tryptophan metabolism—accumulates. IS is involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications. IS can be described as an endotheliotoxin: IS induces endothelial dysfunction implicated in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality during CKD. In this review, we describe clinical and experimental evidence for IS endothelial toxicity and focus on the various molecular pathways implicated. In patients with CKD, plasma concentrations of IS correlate with cardiovascular events and mortality, with vascular calcification and atherosclerotic markers. Moreover, IS induces a prothrombotic state and impaired neovascularization. IS reduction by AST-120 reverse these abnormalities. In vitro, IS induces endothelial aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation and proinflammatory transcription factors as NF-κB or AP-1. IS has a prooxidant effect with reduction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Finally, IS alters endothelial cell and endothelial progenitor cell migration, regeneration and control vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation. Reducing IS endothelial toxicity appears to be necessary to improve cardiovascular health in CKD patients.
Biocompatible and Biodegradable Functional Polysaccharides for Flexible Humidity Sensors
Authors: Wang Lili , Lou Zheng , Wang Kang , Zhao Shufang , Yu Pengchao , Wei Wei , Wang Dongyi , Han Wei , Jiang Kai , Shen Guozhen
Published: April 2020

Using wearable devices to monitor respiration rate is essential for reducing the risk of death or permanent injury in patients. Improving the performance and safety of these devices and reducing their environmental footprint could advance the currently used health monitoring technologies. Here, we report high-performance, flexible bioprotonic devices made entirely of biodegradable biomaterials. This smart sensor satisfies all the requirements for monitoring human breathing states, including noncontact characteristic and the ability to discriminate humidity stimuli with ultrahigh sensitivity, rapid response time, and excellent cycling stability. In addition, the device can completely decompose after its service life, which reduces the risk to the human body. The cytotoxicity test demonstrates that the device shows good biocompatibility based on the viability of human skin fibroblast-HSAS1 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVECs), illustrating the safety of the sensor upon integration with the human skin.
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19
Authors: Huang Xiaoyi , Wei Fengxiang , Hu Liang , Wen Lijuan , Chen Ken
Published: April 2020

Since December 2019, there has been an outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in Wuhan, China. Meanwhile, the outbreak also drew attention and concern from the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is another human infectious disease caused by coronavirus. The transmission of COVID-19 is potent and the infection rate is fast. Since there is no specific drug for COVID-19, the treatment is mainly symptomatic supportive therapy. In addition, it should be pointed out that patients with severe illness need more aggressive treatment and meticulous care. Recently, accurate RNA detection has been decisive for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The development of highly sensitive RT-PCR has facilitated epidemiological studies that provide insight into the prevalence, seasonality, clinical manifestations and course of COVID-19 infection. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology and characteristics of COVID-19.
Improved Early Recognition of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19): Single-Center Data from a Shanghai Screening Hospital
Authors: Peng Ling , Liu Kang-Yong , Xue Fei , Miao Ya-Fang , Tu Ping-An , Zhou Chao
Published: April 2020

Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19; previously known as 2019-nCoV) was reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, which has subsequently affected more than 200 countries worldwide including Europe, North America, Oceania, Africa and other places. The number of infected people is rapidly increasing, while the diagnostic method of COVID-19 is only by nucleic acid testing. Objective: To explain the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, imaging manifestations and to judge diagnostic value of COVID-19 by analyzing the clinical data of COVID-19 suspected and confirmed patients in a non-outbreak, Shanghai, China. To clarify the early epidemiology and clinical characteristics about COVID-19. Methods: Cross-sectional, single-center case reports of the 86 patients screened at Zhoupu Hospital in Pudong New District, Shanghai, China, from January 23 to February 16, 2020. Epidemiology, demography, clinical, laboratory and chest CTs were collected and analyzed. The screened patients were divided into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 based on nucleic acid test results. Results: Of the 86 screened patients, 11 were confirmed (12.8%) by nucleic acid testing (mean age 40.73 ± 11.32, 5 males). No significant differences were found in clinical symptoms including fever, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, and fatigue (P > 0.05). No statistical difference was observed in plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) between the two groups (COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ) of patients (P = 0.402), while the white blood cell count and lymphocyte count of the confirmed patients were slightly lower than those of the suspected patients (P < 0.05). Some non-COVID-19 chest CTs also showed subpleural lesions, such as ground-glass opacities (GGO) combined with bronchiectasis; or halo nodules distributed under the pleura with focal GGO; consolidation of subpleural distribution or combined with air bronchi sign and vascular bundle sign, etc. Conclusion: The early clinical manifestations and imaging findings of COVID-19 are not characteristic in non-outbreak areas. Etiological testing should be performed as early as possible for clinically suspected patients.
Pengaruh Latihan Drill Shoot Bola Kecil terhadap Keterampilan Tendangan Pinalti pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Sepak Bola SMA Negeri 2 Pangkalpinang
Authors: Sandari Sandari , Rostini Tien , Walton Erick Prayogo
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan drill shoot bola kecil terhadap keterampilan tendangan pinalti pada siswa ekstrakurikuler sepak bola SMA Negeri 2 Pangkalpinag. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode pretest-posstest control group design.Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa ekstrakurikuler dengan jumlah sebanyak 24 siswa, yaitu kelompok eksperimen sebanyak 12 siswa dan kelompok kontrol sebanyak 12 siswa. Kelompok eksperimen diberi sebuah perlakuan latihan drill shoot, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan latihan rutin seperti biasa. Latihan diberikan sebanyak 16 kali pertemuan atau selama 6 minggu. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu, thitung 6,617>ttabel 2,074 sehingga dapat disimpulkan, bahwa Hₒ ditolak dan Hₐ diterima. Hal ini membuktikan, ada pengaruh signifikan latihan drill shoot bola terhadap ketepatan  tendangan pinalti terhadap ekstrakurikuler sepak bola pada siswa SMA Negeri 2 Pangkalpinang.
THE DESIGN OF EXPERT SYSTEM APPLICATION FOR DIAGNOSING AUTISM DISORDERS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Hartami Santi Indyah
Published: April 2020

The level of public understanding of autistic disorders and how to handle them that still lacking is the main reason in this study. How to know that a child has an autistic disorder or not is generally done by manual and simple way, it done by filling out a checklist or questionnaire that contains facts, attitudes and behaviors that often appear in children. The checklist is filled by parents who will then be observed again by the therapist to get clear, accurate, and reliable results. The weakness from this method in diagnosing there is an autistic disorder or not is it must involve therapists/experts who are currently still few in number.

The purpose of this study is to make a software namely an expert system application that able to diagnose autistic disorders in children that are tailored to the needs of parents. The results of this study are a series of product design systems for expert systems to diagnose autistic disorders in children including ongoing system flowcharts, computerized system flowcharts, Data Flow Diagrams, application program flowcharts and display of application programs that have been built. The results of designing expert system software applications are expected to be used by therapists in diagnosing children who come to consult
FACTORS AFFECTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTEREST IN “KURASA” STUDENT ENTERPRISE OF UNISBA BLITAR
Authors: Farida Nurul
Published: April 2020

This research aims at investigating factors affecting enterepeneurship interest in a young entrepreneur program known as KURASA (Kelompok Mahasiswa Wirausaha/Student Enterprise of UNISBA Blitar). This research adopted descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interview, participant observation, and documentation. Then, the student enterprise was selected, and access to informants was built. This research was carried out by collecting data, recording information, comprehending contents, and restoring data. The result shows that young men’s interest in entreprenurship involved in student enterprise was affected by three factors: personality, entrepreneurship education, and environment factors.
ESTADO INFLAMATÓRIO SUBCLÍNICO E BIOMARCADORES DE ALTERAÇÃO DO METABOLISMO GLICÍDICO EM ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARES
Authors: Ramos Dantas Rafaela , de Almeida Cardoso Liliane , Figueiredo Patrício Danielle , Oliveira Barros Andrezza , Campos Muniz Medeiros Carla
Published: April 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: A obesidade é uma das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que mais avanças no Brasil e no mundo, tanto na infância como na adolescência. Trazendo consigo repercussões ﬁsiológicas e metabólicas (dislipidemias e diabetes melittus tipo 2). OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação do estado inflamatório subclínico e marcadores de alteração do metabolismo glicídico em adolescentes escolares. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal quantitativo, realizado entre setembro de 2012 a junho de 2013. A amostra foi composta por 194 adolescentes entre 15 e 19 anos. O estado inflamatório subclínico foi avaliado através da PCR-us; para diagnóstico da resistência insulínica foi utilizado o HOMA-IR, cálculo do IMC. A análise estatística foi realizada no programa SPSS versão 22.0, descrição com medidas de tendência central, teste qui-quadrado e teste KrusKall -Wallis para comparar a mediana da PCR entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: Dos adolescentes avaliados, 15,4 % tinham excesso de peso e 11,3% alteração relação cintura/estatura. A PCR elevada esteve presente em 9,8% dos adolescentes. O marcador da alteração do metabolismo glicídico mais frequente foi a RI presente em 14,9% da amostra. Não houve prevalência de hiperglicemia, e 5,1% dos adolescentes apresentaram a hemoglobina glicada alterada. Entre os que tinham o PCR elevado, foi observada uma maior prevalência dos biomarcadores de alteração do metabolismo glicídico, com exceção da glicemia de jejum, porém não foi verificada associação entre essas condições. CONCLUSÃO: Estado inflamatório foi prevalente na amostra, evidenciando a fundamental importância na promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças já nas fases inicias da vida.

Palavras chave: Adolescentes; Diabetes Melittus; Inflamação; Resistencia à Insulina.
PERCEPÇÕES DA ENFERMAGEM ACERCA DA COMUNICAÇÃO TERAPÊUTICA EM SAÚDE MENTAL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Portela Gabriela , Vitória Silva Pinheiro Helena , Maria Vasconcelos Dias Moura Júlia , Juliane Pedrosa Gurgel Marília , de Oliveira Burgo Nathalia , Frassinetti de Oliveira Correia Paola
Published: April 2020

A comunicação pode ser compreendida como um meio através do qual os indivíduos relacionam-se entre si e com o ambiente em que estão inseridos. Mediante os vínculos que devem ser estabelecidos entre profissional-paciente, a comunicação se encorpa e torna-se terapêutica. Possivelmente, o campo da saúde mental é o mais enfático quanto à necessidade da comunicação terapêutica, pois é o que mais evidencia alterações e interrupções no processo de comunicar. Diante disso, este estudo tem o intuito de realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as percepções da enfermagem acerca da comunicação terapêutica em saúde mental, como norte o questionamento: “Qual a percepção da enfermagem acerca da comunicação terapêutica utilizada com portadores de transtornos mentais?”. Na busca, ao todo foram encontrados 464 artigos, 445 da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e 19 da biblioteca virtual SciELO, conduzido a partir das recomendações das diretrizes do PRISMA. Sendo 4 artigos selecionados para a revisão sistemática. A partir da análise dos artigos, foi possível constatar que os discentes percebem que a comunicação terapêutica envolve não só a comunicação verbal, mas também os sentidos. Já os profissionais em sua maioria percebem a comunicação terapêutica como instrumento que aumenta a eficácia da relação terapêutica, atende a individualidade das pessoas, identifica e responde às verdadeiras necessidades de saúde das pessoas. Sendo assim, a comunicação terapêutica é ferramenta para efetivar relacionamentos terapêuticos, bem como auxiliar na oferta de cuidados em saúde e promover qualidade de vida aos pacientes psiquiátricos.

Palavras chave: Enfermagem, Saúde Mental, Comunicação em Saúde.
O Lazer nas Diferentes Fases da Vida de Centenários
Authors: Naman Maíra , Streit Inês Amanda , Fortunato Artur Rodrigues , Marinho Alcyane , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon
Published: April 2020

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar o lazer nas diferentes fases da vida de centenários. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa e teve como participantes seis centenários (102,83±1,6) e seus respectivos cuidadores. O grupo foi selecionado a partir dos critérios de inclusão: ter idade igual ou superior a cem anos comprovada por documento, ter condições cognitivas preservadas e residir nos municípios da mesorregião Grande Florianópolis (SC). O instrumento utilizado foi o Protocolo de Avaliação Multidimensional do Idoso Centenário, sendo utilizados os Blocos 1, 3, 4 e 5. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Com relação às atividades realizadas no lazer, na infância as mais citadas envolviam movimento e na adolescência, destacaram-se as atividades sociais. Na fase adulta foram citadas atividades das categorias artística, social e turística, e, por sua vez, na velhice e na fase atual, observou-se a manutenção das atividades turísticas, ressaltando que, no decorrer da vida, observou-se uma diminuição considerável no lazer em todas as categorias.
Fear of Missing out, Social Media Engagement, Smartphone Addiction and Distraction Moderating Role of Tracking Apps in the Youth.pdf
Authors: Vempati Srimanth , Bhuma Manoj Kumar , Fiaidhi Jinan
Published: April 2020

Smartphones offer high portability and web availability simultaneously which has prompted a considerable increment in the number of people using social media progressing, particularly the ’Twenty to thirty- year-olds’. The over utilization of smartphones and social media has resulted in a few issues which include people’s mental conditions. Our proposed paper shows on how much time the users spend time on their smartphones and social media, which seems to be increasing rapidly everywhere and considered to be a social problem, arising from a lack of offline social network that results in decreasing social engagements in real-life. This paper includes a survey android application from which user’s survey data is analyzed, to look at the cause and effects of the utilization of smartphones and social media.
“A World of Steel-Eyed Death”: An Empirical Evaluation of the Failure of the Strickland Standard to Ensure Adequate Counsel to Defendants with Mental Disabilities Facing the Death Penalty
Authors: Perlin Michael , Roitberg Harmon Tailia , Chatt Sarah
Published: April 2020

First, we discuss the background of the development of counsel adequacy in death penalty cases. Next, we look carefully at Strickland, and the subsequent Supreme Court cases that appear—on the surface—to bolster it in this context. We then consider multiple jurisprudential filters that we believe must be taken seriously if this area of the law is to be given any authentic meaning. Next, we will examine and interpret the data that we have developed. Finally, we will look at this entire area of law through the filter of therapeutic jurisprudence, and then explain why and how the charade of “adequacy of counsel law” fails miserably to meet the standards of this important school of thought.

Our title comes, in part, from Bob Dylan’s song, Shelter from the Storm. As one of the authors (MLP) has previously noted in another article drawing on that song’s lyrics, “[i]n a full-length book about that album, the critics Andy Gill and Kevin Odegard characterize the song as depicting a ‘mythic image of torment.’” The defendants in the cases we write about—by and large, defendants with profound mental disabilities who face the death penalty in large part because of the inadequacy of their legal representation— confront (and are defeated by) a world of ‘steel-eyed death.’ We hope that this Article helps change these realities.
PEMERIKSAAN RADIOLOGI PADA KASUS HIPERTROPHY PYLORIC STENOSIS (HPS)
Authors: Ma'ruf Fauzy
Published: April 2020

Hipertropi pyloric stenosis (HPS) merupakan gangguan gastrointestinal paling sering pada bayi. Pada HPS terjadi penebalan muskulus sirkuler antropyrolus dan menyebabkan konstriksi serta obstruksi di gastric outlet. Pemeriksaan dengan barium merupakan pemeriksaan penting untuk deteksi HPS. Selain itu USG juga digunakan sebagai pilihan prosedur diagnostik HPS karena tekniknya cepat dan relatif mudah dilakukan. Sensitivitas dan spesifitas pemeriksaan USG bisa mencapai 89% sampai 100% dan akurasinya bisa sampai100%. Hal ini merupakan alasan mengapa USG digunakan secara luas.
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN RIWAYAT KELUARGA DENGAN KEJADIAN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI DAERAH PESISIR KOTA KENDARI
Authors: En Ti , Musyarrafah Musyarrafah , Noor Kholidha Andi , Aritrina Pranita , Amal Abdal Ikhlasul , Wati Arimas
Published: April 2020

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hiperglikemia and caused by the impairment of insulin secretion or insulin resistance or both. There are some risk factors in the process. They are obesity, lack of activity, nutritional deficiency, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, old age, and genetic. Research Purpose: This research purpose is to understand the relationship between risk factors including obesity and family history with the incident of type-2 DM in coastal area of Kendari. Research Methods: This research used analytical-observational study with case control approach. The independent variables used in this research are Body Mass Index (BMI) and family history while the the dependent variables are the incident of type-2 DM. The location of this research is working area of Puskesmas Mata, Puskesmas Benu-benua, Puskesmas Kandai, Puskesmas Abeli and Puskesmas Poasia located in the coastal area. There are 75 people choosen to be our samples by include and exclude criteria with cluster sampling method. Data are obtained by using questionnaire and laboratory analysis. The results are processed by applying Chi-Square test with p<0,050 and the Odd Ratio score. Research Result: This research showed that between BMI with the incident of type-2 DM has p=0,000 (OR=7,875), between family history with the incident of type-2 DM has p=0,030 (OR=2,800), between BMI and family history with the incident of type-2 DM has p=0,000 (OR=14,571). Conclusion: The conclusion of this research was that the relationship between BMI with the incident of type-2 DM in the coastal area of Kendari exists. The relationship between family history with the incident of type-2 DM in the coastal area of Kendari exists. The relationship between BMI and family history with the incident of type-2 DM in the coastal area of Kendari exists.
Ethics education for pediatric residents: a review of the literature
Authors: Deonandan Raywat , Khan Hafsa
Published: April 2020

Background: Ethics education and research on medical residents is needed because, unlike medical students or experienced doctors, medical residents have to perform multiple roles simultaneously – student, teacher and clinician – thus exposing them to unique ethical stressors.  In this paper we reviewed the literature concerning ethics education in postgraduate pediatrics training programs.  Our goal was not to simply describe educational strategies and programs, but also to explore measurements and experiences of current practices to address gaps in ethics education during residency.Method: We conducted a structured literature review to explore the extent of ethics education in pediatric residency programs.  Results:  Twelve relevant studies were found.  The studies suggest that existing training regimens are insufficient to meet the real life ethical challenges experienced in actual practice, particularly with respect to palliative care and the commission of clinical errors.  Conclusions: The increasing diversity of culture and beliefs in the clinical workplace is also serving to complicate educational needs. An interdisciplinary approach, spread over the entirety of a physician’s training, is a proposed solution worthy of more attention.
Preceptor engagement in distributed medical school campuses
Authors: Piggott Thomas , Morris Cathy , Lee-Poy Michael
Published: April 2020

Background: There is increasing interest in distributed medical campuses and engagement of physicians in these communities.  To date, there has been suboptimal recruitment of physicians to participate in medical education at distributed campuses.  The purpose of this project was to identify barriers to engagement in medical education by community physicians in the geographical catchment of the Waterloo Regional Campus of McMaster.Method: In-depth, semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with physicians not involved in teaching. Interview recordings were transcribed and analyzed using a closed-loop, iterative coding methodology and thematic analysis was performed.  Interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved.Results: Six interviews were conducted and coded.  Nine key themes emerged: academic centre versus distributed sites, interest in teaching, financial considerations, administrative barriers, medical experience and knowledge currency, practice environment and schedule, training on teaching, setting up systems for learners in distributed campus settings, and student engagement and medical learner level.Conclusions: Barriers to engagement in teaching primarily focused on differences in job structure in the community, administrative barriers both at the hospital and through the medical school, and lack of knowledge on how to teach.  As medical schools look to expand the capacity of distributed campuses, misperceptions should be addressed and opportunities to improve engagement should be further explored.
Exploring social media and admissions decision-making – friends or foes?
Authors: Law Marcus , Mylopoulos Maria , Veinot Paula , Miller Daniel , Hanson Mark
Published: April 2020

Background: Despite the ever-increasing use of social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) little is known about its use in medical school admissions. This qualitative study explores whether and how social media (SM) is used in undergraduate admissions in Canada, and the attitudes of admissions personnel towards such use.Methods: Phone interviews were conducted with admissions deans and nominated admissions personnel. A qualitative descriptive analysis was performed using iterative coding and comparing, and grouping data into themes.Results: Personnel from 15 of 17 Canadian medical schools participated. A sizeable proportion had, at some point, examined social media (SM) profiles to acquire information on applicants. Participants did not report using it explicitly to screen all applicants (primary use); however, several did admit to looking at SM to follow up on preliminary indications of misbehaviour (secondary use). Participants articulated concerns, such as validity and equity, about using SM in admissions. Despite no schools having existing policy, participants expressed openness to future use.   Conclusions: While some of the 15 schools had used SM to acquire information on applicants, criteria for formulating judgments were obscure, and participants expressed significant apprehension, based on concerns for fairness and validity. Findings suggest participant ambivalence and ongoing risks associated with “hidden” selection practices.
Enriching health-professional programs in global health: Development and implementation of an interdisciplinary and integrated approach
Authors: Valois Carol , Foley Véronique , Grand'Maison Paul , Dumont Johanne
Published: April 2020

Background: Globalization results in a rapidly diversifying population, increased inequities, and more complex health problems affecting populations. This forces medical schools to integrate global health (GH) into the training of health-care professionals from curriculum development to practical learning activities, here and abroad.Approach: The approach aims at enriching existing programs in GH competencies in an interdisciplinary context. The goal is to ensure that all health-science students develop a certain level of GH competency. The main actions are the mobilization of key stakeholders, the development of a competency framework (CF) to perform gap analysis, tool formalization, and monitoring and evaluation activities. Subsequent to scoping review and stakeholder consultations, ten principles are identified and used to guide the enrichment process.Results: Actual outputs cover a broad scope, from key decision-makers’ support and endorsement to the formalization of tools and the consolidation and creation of activities such as service-learning activities, rotations among underserved populations, and training for international rotations.Conclusion: While this unique approach is proving to be a major challenge, the preliminary results are well worth the effort. The project’s tangible impacts on health-sciences teaching, the GH competence of graduates, and care delivery are topics of interest for future investigation.
Assessment of Potential Toxic Elements in Muscle Tissues of Different Fish Species from Colentina, Dambovita and Arges Rivers, Romania
Authors: Ionescu Petra , Radu Violeta-Monica , Deak Gyorgy , Diacu Elena , Ivanov Alexandru Anton , Ciobotaru Irina-Elena , Marcu Ecaterina
Published: April 2020

At global level, anthropic activities have led to the emergence in the environment of different toxic substances, which tend to accumulate within the food chain, thus presenting risks to human health. As a result, the assessment of potentially toxic elements, particularly heavy metals, in fish is highly important from the point of view of human health as fish is frequently consumed by people. This paper presents the results of a study on determining some potential toxic elements such as Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Cr, Ni and Zn in muscle tissue resulting from six different fish species (Alburnus alburnus, Carassius gibelio, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Ameiurus nebulosus, Perca fluviatilis, Lepomis gibbosus) from the Colentina, Dambovita and Arges Rivers situated in southern Romania area, and to compare the results with the relevant international guidelines.
Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Two Creeping Cotoneaster Species Fruits Extracts
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Razvan , Negreanu-Pirjol Ticuta , Motelica Ludmila , Pirjol Bogdan Stefan Negreanu
Published: April 2020

Cotoneaster horizontalis Decne. and Cotoneaster microphyllus Wall. ex Lindl. species are two creeping bushes, commonly used as ornamental plants in gardens and parks. The aim of this paper was to assess the concentrations of some classes of bioactive compounds classes, carotenoids, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds, in fresh fruits of these species. Carotenoids and flavonoids were determined through acetone and methanol extraction followed by spectrophotometry. For total phenolics, methanol extraction and a spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu method was used. The total antioxidant capacity was quantified through photochemiluminescence method by comparison with the standard substance used for calibration, Trolox� as tocopherol analogue (ACL procedure) using Photochem apparatus, Analytik Jena AG, Germany. Average values found in Cotoneaster horizontalis and Cotoneaster microphyllus fruit tissue were 380.63 mg/kg, respectively 179.63 mg/kg, carotenoids; 8036.07 mg/kg, respectively 6888.06 mg/kg flavonoids; and 16342.06 mg/kg GAE, respectively 18631.35 mg/kg GAE total phenolic compounds. These values are comparable to those found in other wild and cultivated related Rosaceae, including domestic rowans. Cotoneaster microphyllus fruits emphasized an increased antioxidant activity (up to 39.69 μmol Trolox equivalent/g dry weight).