bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Álgebra e seu papel: reflexões a partir das produções do GT 04 da SBEM
Authors: Bianchini Barbara Lutaif , Lima Gabriel Loureiro de
Published: August 2021

Resumo Neste artigo, apresenta-se parte dos resultados de uma análise interpretativa, realizada adotando-se como corpus cinco pesquisas sobre a temática Álgebra, desenvolvidas por integrantes do Grupo de Trabalho Educação Matemática no Ensino Superior (GT04), filiado à Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática (SBEM). Para coleta, categorização e análise dos dados, recorre-se a preceitos da Análise de Conteúdo na concepção de Bardin. Foram construídas cinco categorias de análise e, neste artigo, duas delas são analisadas: C1: O que é Álgebra? e C2: O papel da Álgebra. Para cada categoria, além de apresentarem-se as reflexões presentes nos trabalhos analisados, estabelecem-se diálogos entre tais reflexões e outras evidenciadas em pesquisas de referência na Educação Algébrica. Em relação à categoria C1, os dados explicitam que respostas à questão O que é Álgebra? contemplam aspectos históricos, estruturais, relacionados à generalização, a conteúdos e a notações normalmente associados à Álgebra, à relação entre Aritmética e Álgebra e à permeabilidade da Álgebra em diferentes campos da Matemática e distintas áreas de conhecimento. Já a respeito da categoria C2, os resultados indicam que a Álgebra desempenha papéis tanto para a construção do conhecimento matemático do estudante, quanto para a formação do professor que irá mediar esse processo de construção em sala de aula, estando tais papéis vinculados ao conhecimento das estruturas, das demonstrações, do simbolismo, à centralidade das generalizações e à apropriação da linguagem e do pensamento algébrico para o sujeito pensar e se comunicar matematicamente.
Proving Abstract Algebra Skills with Problem-Based Learning Integrated with Videos and Worksheets
Authors: Mairing Jackson Pasini
Published: August 2021

Abstract Previous research showed students faced difficulties in solving the given problems in the Abstract Algebra course. The research aimed to describe the effect of the method of problem-based learning integrated with videos and worksheets to improve the proving skills of mathematics education students in one of the universities in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The researcher developed and uploaded the videos on YouTube. The research design was an experimental study. The researcher implemented the method in an experimental class. The control class students learned by using the usual method of the past three years that emphasized acquiring the Abstract Algebra concepts. The researcher selected the experimental class randomly. The numbers of students in the experimental and control classes were 32 and 28, respectively. The students of both classes solved the same problems in the post-test at end of the implementation. The post-test contained five problems to prove. The research results showed that the transactive reasoning activities in the experimental class enabled the students to prove at an appropriate abstraction level. The students’ scores in the Abstract Algebra for the experimental class were greater than those in the control class. Therefore, the method affected students’ ability to solve Abstract Algebra problems.
Two-Level Model of Attitudes and Beliefs Influencing Higher Order Thinking (HOT) Skills in Mathematics
Authors: Elizar Elizar
Published: August 2021

Abstract This article focuses on a two-level model analysis of attitudes and beliefs affecting students’ higher order thinking (HOT) skills in mathematics in Aceh, Indonesia. The data used are nested within the hierarchical ordering of both student (level 1) and teacher (level 2). The variables used at level 1 in the study include liking mathematics, valuing mathematics, confidence in mathematics, and individual judgement of mathematics ability, as well as beliefs concerning mathematics related to lower order thinking (LOT) and higher order thinking (HOT). The variables at level 2 involve beliefs concerning mathematics teaching related to LOT and beliefs concerning mathematics teaching related to HOT. The analysis reveals that there are four variables at level 1 contributing to student HOT skills in mathematics: liking mathematics, individual judgement of mathematics ability, beliefs concerning mathematics related to LOT, and beliefs concerning mathematics related to HOT. At level 2, the one variable affecting student HOT skills in mathematics is teacher beliefs concerning mathematics related to HOT.
From what Makes Students Dislike Mathematics towards its Effective Teaching Practices
Authors: Ukobizaba Fidele , Ndihokubwayo Kizito , Mukuka Angel , Uwamahoro Jean
Published: August 2021

Abstract This paper presents the findings of a descriptive survey research that investigated what makes students dislike Mathematics and seeks potentially effective Mathematics teaching practices, to boost their interest. The study involved 94 participants, including 60 lower-level secondary school students and 34 Mathematics teachers from 5 schools in Karongi District, Western Province, Rwanda. Both students’ and teachers’ questionnaire responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. We found that what makes students dislike Mathematics is related to how Mathematics is taught. Low scores in tests or exams, teachers’ harshness, and carelessness were reported among the factors demotivating students to like Mathematics. Being able to show the relevance of Mathematics in an everyday situation, teaching students to remember mathematical facts, and showing them lots of worked examples were mentioned by most of the teachers as indicators of effective Mathematics teaching practices. Together with these indicators, preparing the lesson before teaching, providing exercises and homework to students, and making research to update teachers’ teaching skills have been drawn and recommended for teachers as potentially effective teaching practices.
Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Dialysis
Authors: Lacson Eduardo , Argyropoulos Christos P. , Manley Harold J. , Aweh Gideon , Chin Andrew I. , Salman Loay H. , Hsu Caroline M. , Johnson Doug S. , Weiner Daniel E.
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement

In this retrospective observational evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine seroresponse defined by levels of Ig-G against the receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen ≥2 U/L in patients receiving maintenance dialysis, 165 out of 186 (88.7%) were responsive (with 70% at maximum titer) ≥14 days after completing the second dose. This early study suggests that, despite the possibly reduced immunogenicity among patients on dialysis, the short-term incidence of development of antispike antibody is good, giving hope that most of these patients who are vulnerable, once immunized, will be protected from COVID-19. Longer-term evaluation is needed to determine the durability of this protection, the role of repeating vaccine series in initial nonresponders, and the role of booster doses among responders.

Background

Patients receiving maintenance dialysis represent a high-risk, immune-compromised population with 15%–25% COVID-19 mortality rate who were unrepresented in clinical trials of mRNA vaccines.

Methods

All patients receiving maintenance dialysis who received two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines with antibody test results drawn ≥14 days after the second dose, as documented in the electronic health record through March 18, 2021, were included. Response was on the basis of levels of Ig-G against the receptor binding domain of the S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike-antigen (seropositive ≥2 U/L) using an FDA-approved semiquantitative chemiluminescent assay (ADVIA Centaur XP/XPT COV2G).

Results

Among 186 patients on dialysis from 30 clinics in eight states tested 23±8 days after receiving two vaccine doses, there were 165 (88.7%) responders with 70% at maximum titer. There was no significant difference between BNT162b2/Pfizer (148 out of 168, 88.1%) and mRNA-1273/Moderna (17 out of 18, 94.4%), P=0.42. All 38 patients with COVID-19 history were responders, with 97% at maximum titer. Among patients without COVID-19, 127 out of 148 (85.8%) were responders, comparable between BNT162b2/Pfizer (113 out of 133) and mRNA-1273/Moderna (14 out of 15) vaccines (85.0% versus 93.3%, P=0.38).

Conclusions

Most patients receiving maintenance dialysis responded after two doses of BNT162b2/Pfizer or mRNA-1273/Moderna vaccine, suggesting the short-term development of antispike antibody is good, giving hope that most of these patients who are vulnerable, once immunized, will be protected from COVID-19. Longer-term evaluation is needed to determine antibody titer durability and if booster dose(s) are warranted. Further research to evaluate the approach to patients without a serologic response is needed, including benefits of additional dose(s) or administration of alternate options.
Morphometric Liver Study in Adults
Authors:   Alioune Diop University, Bambey, Senegal, France., Seye C  , Ndoye JM  ,   Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal, France., Wade R  ,   Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal, France., Mar NB  ,   Iba Nder Thiam University in Thiès, Senegal, France., Ndiaye Ab  ,   Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal, France.
Published: August 2021

Background: The aim is to study the dimensions of the adult liver in Senegal in order to contribute to the data of the manufacture of a peri-hepatic prosthesis wrapping in the therapeutic means of post-traumatic hemorrhagic lesions of the liver. Materials and methods: This study involved 50 livers of anatomical subjects with an average age of 38 years. We have noted some biometric parameters. On the livers collected, we measured the weight and some dimensions. Results: The intermediate morphotype predomined with 48% of cases. The dorso-petal position of the liver was observed in 84% of the subjects. There was no correlation between the morphotype of the subjects and the orientation of the visceral face of the liver. The average liver weight was 1410 g. The average transverse diameter was 25.77cm while the antero-posterior diameter of the right lobe was 16 cm. The sagittal circumference of the liver in the sickle cell ligament was significantly lower than those measured at the right and left lobes. The sagittal circumferences of the liver in the Breviligneous subject were lower than those of the intermediate and long morphotype subjects. Conclusion: The choke zone between the two lobes of the liver in the sickle cell ligament is a mooring point for the peri-hepatic wrapping prosthesis. However, this can only be segmental for each right and left lobe. The morphotype of the subject, however, affects the weight, thickness and sagittal circumferences of the liver, which are essential for the dimensions of a peri-hepatic prosthesis. KEY WORDS: Liver morphometric, peri-hepatic prosthesis.
Significance of Rouviere’s Sulcus in Hepatobiliary Surgery: A Cadaveric study
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr D.Y.Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Bajpayee Pallavi , Kanaskar Neelesh ,   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr D.Y.Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India., P Vatsalaswamy  ,   Director Academics, Department of Anatomy, Dr D.Y.Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India., PR Manivikar  ,   Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Dr D.Y.Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: August 2021

Background: Rouviere’s sulcus (RS) was first identified in 1924 by Henri Rouviere. It lies oblique to the anterior and inferior border of the liver and holds the right portal pedicle. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy of a Medical College in Maharashtra, India, on 45 cadaveric livers. The morphological observations made were: presence/ absence RS; direction of RS (oblique/ horizontal/ vertical); sulcus type ( deep/ slit/ scar); length, width and depth; presence of right hepatic pedicle; distance of the hepatic vessels from edge of the sulcus . Results: 40 livers showed the presence of Rouviere’s Sulcus. It was absent in five specimens. Direction was horizontal in 40%, oblique in 57.5% and vertical in 2.5% .26 livers showed a deep type of sulcus, 12 showed the slit type and 2 showed scar type .29 livers showed the right hepatic pedicle entering the RS. Average length, depth, of the RS was 2.35 cm and1.07 cm respectively. The average width was 0.32cm at medial end, 0.22cm at midpoint and 0.1cm at lateral end. Present study has added the details of depth of vessels from the edge of RS, which was not recorded in earlier studies. Depth of vessels from the edge of the sulcus was average 5mm (0.5cm) for the right branch of the hepatic artery and was 12mm (1.2cm) for the right branch of portal vein. Conclusion: Rouviere’s sulcus is a reference landmark for surgeons during laparoscopic surgeries on gall bladder and during hepatic resection to avoid injuries. This study wishes to provide detailed morphological data of the Rouviere’s Sulcus to hepatobiliary surgeons including depth of hepatic vessels in the RS as an added parameter to aid them in their surgical endeavor. KEY WORDS: Rouviere’s sulcus, Anatomical Landmark, Morphology, Depth, Hepatobiliary Surgery.
Mediated Deliberation in Deep Conflicts: How Might Deliberative Media Content Contribute to Social Integration Across Deep Divides?
Authors: Löb Charlotte , Wessler Hartmut
Published: August 2021

Conflicts perceived by the media, either within or across national borders, are a staple of modern societies. These conflicts become especially challenging for societies that are divided along religious, ethnic, cultural or political lines. In the light of such deep conflicts, the contribution of mediated deliberation to social integration moves center stage. In this paper we discuss normative standards for mediated public communication deemed conducive to social integration in divided societies by deliberative theorists. We identify inclusiveness, responsiveness, mutual respect, and the display of group-bridging identities as the essential criteria. These criteria can be applied as yardsticks to assess the production, the content as well as the reception of media material in both mass media and social media. They therefore serve as an ideal point of departure for empirical work on the media’s role in social integration.
CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTALISM: REDESIGNING BUSINESS MODELS TO FIT STRATEGY, ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES AND THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Martín-de Castro G.
Published: August 2021

The increasing concern of citizens, nations and businesses on natural environment protection and respect lead companies to re-invent new ways of business activities and models. In that sense, new paradigms as the Circular Economy and stakeholders’ pressures move companies towards corporate environmentalism, which supposes to modify company’s aim, mission and strategy. The formulation and implementation of effective proactive environmental strategies implies the reconfiguration and development of new environmental organizational capabilities, especially those linked to business operations and market-related ones. In this new competitive arena, environmental innovations, green marketing and corporate image, environmental legitimacy and reputation are analyzed as main drivers of proactive environmental strategies and key decisions of new and sustainable business models.

This paper develops an integrative review of previous concepts intimately related to corporate environmentalism and proposes some fruitfully avenues of future research for those, both academics and business practitioners, focused on how to fit firm’s activities and competitiveness and the respect and preservation of the natural environment.
SMART METERING SYSTEMS: АN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY PERCEPTION FACTORS
Authors: Kuzmin P. S.
Published: August 2021

The use of smart metering systems for electricity is one of the key components of the digital transition in the power industry. Smart metering systems are equipped with modules for collecting, processing, storing, sending and receiving data, and their implementation generates a wide range of effects for electricity companies, electricity consumers, as well as authorities and industry regulators. The functionality of smart metering systems can be significantly expanded when using non-intrusive load monitoring meters.

 The purpose of this work is to develop a list of factors that have both a positive and a negative impact on the perception of intelligent metering systems technologies both among power companies and end consumers - participants in retail electricity markets.

At the first stage of the study, based on the models of E. Rogers and F. Davis, a list of factors influencing the adoption of smart metering technologies by both energy companies and end consumers of electricity was developed. Based on in-depth interviews with experts, the factors were verified and questionnaires were developed for the next stage of the study.

At the second stage, a quantitative study was carried out, which made it possible to determine the degree of influence of factors on the adoption of smart metering technology by users.

At the end of the work, recommendations were developed to accelerate the distribution of smart metering systems and quickly achieve positive effects from their implementation.
IN SEARCH OF EXCELLENCE IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECT MANAGEMENT: EXPERIENCE AND STANDARDS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Katunina I. V. , Fomina Yu. A.
Published: August 2021

The development of social entrepreneurship has required new effective management approaches and tools. The authors refer to European experience and standards in the field of project management in order to develop a methodological approach to organizing project management for achieving the outstanding results in social entrepreneurship projects.

The article presents the results of the quasi-experiment aimed to identify differences in the achieved results among projects using the European PM2 methodology and projects carried out within the PMI methodology. The assessment technique developed by the authors is based on EFQM model.

No significant difference among the project results in the experimental and control groups has been found, which indicates the importance of applying the project management methodology, regardless of its origin. By clustering project results, it was found that projects adapted the European methodology were more focused on strategic development and integration into the ecosystem on the principles of long-term cooperation, while the projects of the control group paid more attention to the effective organization and coordination of processes, resources and activities.
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif pada Pembelajaran Matematika Materi Persegi Panjang dan Segitiga di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Aprianty Dian , Somakim Somakim , Wiyono Ketang
Published: August 2021

The use of interactive multimedia has a big influence in the world of education, especially mathematics learning. This development research aims to produce interactive multimedia product on learning rectangles and triangles for grade IV to facilitate and motivate students in understanding and mastering mathematical concepts. Media development uses the Alessi & Trollip development model which has three stages, namely planning, design, and development including alpha testing and product beta testing to determine its feasibility. Alpha test results, product that has been developed is declared valid after repairs are made to the product. The beta test results show that multimedia is declared practical after a product revision is made. The application of interactive multimedia that has been developed in learning has an impact on improving the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of SDN 157 Palembang, namely 85.71 percent of students have reached the minimum completeness criteria with an N-gain average value of 0.65 with moderate criteria.Pemanfaatan multimedia interaktif memberikan pengaruh besar dalam dunia pendidikan khususnya pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk multimedia interaktif pada pembelajaran persegi panjang dan segitiga untuk kelas IV guna mempermudah dan memotivasi peserta didik dalam memahami dan menguasai konsep matematika. Pengembangan media menggunakan model pengembangan Alessi & Trollip yang memiliki tiga tahapan yaitu perencanaan, desain dan pengembangan termasuk uji alpha dan uji beta produk untuk mengetahui kelayakannya. Hasil uji alpha, produk yang telah dikembangkan dinyatakan valid setelah dilakukan perbaikan terhadap produk. Hasil uji beta menunjukkan bahwa multimedia dinyatakan praktis setelah dilakukan revisi produk. Penerapan multimedia interaktif yang telah dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran berdampak terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IV SDN 157 Palembang yaitu 85,71 persen peserta didik telah mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal dengan nilai rerata Ngain yaitu 0,65 dengan kriteria sedang.
Development of Bilingual Pop Up Book Media on Javanese Puppet Stories for Elementary School Students
Authors: Mustaqim Wahyu Dinil , Putra Arda Purnama , Murti Tri
Published: August 2021

This research and development aim to develop bilingual pop-up book media on Javanese puppet stories that valid according to the material experts, media experts, and teachers, as well as practical students. The research uses an ADDIE model with 5 stages, that is analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of validation by the material expert, media expert, and by the user (teacher) sequentially get a percentage of 96.4; 100; and 95.4 percent. While the result of the practicality test on the small scale test and the large scale test got a percentage of  93.3 and 97.5 percent. Media is categorized as very valid and very practical and can be used for elementary school students.
Application of O3 and O3 /H2O2 for post-treatment of horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) effluent, treating hospital wastewater.
Authors: Chaparro Tatiana , Rueda-Bayona Juan Gabriel
Published: August 2021

Introduction: In recent years, the "emerging pollutants" in urban, industrial, and surface water bodies have called the attention worldwide.  In many cases, these substances correspond to pollutants that have not been yet regulated by the environmental authorities. Hospitals are considered the main source of these contaminants as a result of different activities.  However, there is no consensus about the appropriate treatments for removing this kind of pollutants in the wastewaters; independent conventional biological processes do not reach the desirable values of discharge limits. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are known as an appropriate technology, not only to improve the biodegradability of recalcitrant compounds, but also to contribute to the removal of certain substances that are difficult to treat during the biological process.  
Objective: Thus, this study evaluated the application of O3z and O3 /H2O2 to the effluent of an anaerobic horizontal flow reactor and immobilized biomass (HAIB).
Methodology: The oxidizers were applied in a lab-scale batch borosilicate glass reactor. The reaction time was 60 min and samples were taken at intervals of 15 min. Parameters such as absorbance at UV254, biodegradability ratio expressed as COD/BOD5, and color as VIS436 were measured. All samples were analyzed in duplicate.
Results. The results showed that the application of Ozone and O3/H2O2 results in an increase in the biodegradability of 25% and 67% respectively. Concerning color, an efficiency of 85 % for Ozone and 100 % for O3 /H2O2 was observed. Besides, the AOPs applied also showed their effectiveness in removing aromatic organics, removing 40 to 50% of UV254.
Conclusions: Finally, it is important to mention that the application of advanced oxidation processes as a post-treatment of anaerobic effluents increases biodegradability mainly due to the transformation suffered by recalcitrant compounds.
Pertimbangan Diskresi Kepolisian Dalam Penanganan Kasus Tindak Pidana Minuman Keras Di Yogyakarta
Authors: Amiarso Erda Aldo
Published: August 2021

Pengaruh minuman keras ilegal dapat berdampak menggangu ketertiban umum dan terjadinya kriminalitas. Polisi sebagai salah satu aparat penegak hukum memiliki peran untuk memelihara ketertiban masyarakat. Wewenang diskresi tidak dapat dilepaskan dari penegakan hukum dan ketertiban masyarakat. Permasalahan yang diambil oleh penulis dalam penelitian ini masyarakat berasumsi upaya paksa penyidik guna mendapat pengakuan dengan cara kekerasan membuat penulis ingin melakukan kajian tentang kewenangan diskresi penyidik kepolisian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme pelaksanaan diskresi oleh Polresta Yogyakarta dalam penanganan kasus peredaran miras ilegal di Kota Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan penelitian hukum normatif yaitu menggunakan metode pendekatan perundangan-undangan. Pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, dan wawancara serta analisis data secara deskriptif, kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengenai kewenangan diskresi oleh penyidik dalam penanganan kasus peredaran minuman keras ilegal di wilayah hukum Polresta Yogyakarta bahwa Pelaksanaan diskresi oleh penyidik diberikan secara utuh kepada penyidik menurut penilaiannya sendiri dengan mempertimbangkan kepentingan umum dan menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia. Diskresi bersifat subyektif dan situasional tergantung pada kasusnya itu sendiri, dapat mempersingkat waktu atau tidak. Kepolisian menggunakan kewenangannya untuk melakukan tindakan diskresi khususnya dalam kasus peredaran minuman keras dikenakan proses pembinaan serta menulis surat pernyataan agar tidak mengulangi lagi dan penyitaan barang bukti
Pembaharuan Hukum Pedoman Pemidanaan terhadap Disparitas Putusan Pengembalian Kerugian Keuangan Negara Akibat Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Hastuti Kurnia Siwi
Published: August 2021

Adanya disparitas pemidanaan dalam penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana korupsi menimbulkan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara hasil tindakan korupsi tidak maksimal. Pada semester I tahun 2020 hanya sekitar 5 persen kerugian negara yang dipulihkan dari instrumen Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Mahkamah Agung menerbitkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 tentang Pedoman Pemidanaan Pasal 2 dan Pasal 3 Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi sebagai solusi terjadinya disparitas putusan sekaligus sebagai pedoman pemidanaan guna mengoptimalkan upaya pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat perbuatan korupsi. Namun demikian, implikasi Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 belum dapat diketahui analisis kedudukannya terhadap upaya pemberantasan korupsi dan upaya pengembalian aset hasil tindak pidana korupsi kepada negara. Hal ini menarik untuk dikaji guna mendapatkan formulasi kebijakan hukum ius constituendum yang dapat menjamin keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia terhadap disparitas putusan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara hasil tindak pidana korupsi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang yang dianalisis secara preskriptif. Bahan hukum diambil dari perpustakaan dan internet berupa buku-buku serta peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Persoalan yang dikaji memberikan simpulan yaitu : analisis yuridis pembaharuan hukum pembentukan pedoman pemidanaan dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 terhadap disparitas putusan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara hasil tindak pidana korupsi ialah Peraturan Mahkamah Agung berkedudukan sebagai substansi hukum dalam pemidanaan tindak pidana korupsi yang ditujukan sebagai pedoman penentuan besar kecilnya pidana yang dijatuhkan dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat kesalahan, dampak, dan keuntungan. Terdapat 6 (enam) tahapan pertimbangan pemidanaan dalam PERMA ini. Ukuran pemidanaan telah mempertimbangan aspek ekonomi dalam hukum. Seyogyanya hakim, jaksa, dan penyidik, serta aparatur terkait agar mendalami dan mendukung Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 sehingga disparitas putusan tidak terjadi lagi dan pengembalian aset ke kas negara akibat perbuatan korupsi lebih maksimal.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Anak sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Percobaan Perkosaan
Authors: Sa'diyah Melisa Halimatus
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh perkara tindak pidana percobaan perkosaan yang dilakukan oleh anak. Di Indonesia, kasus kekerasan seksual selalu bertambah disetiap tahunnya baik pelaku maupun korban. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap anak sebagai pelaku tindak pidana percobaan perkosaan dan bagaimana penerapan sanksi pidananya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif, dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Untuk melengkapi data penelitian ini melakukan wawancara terhadap narasumber di Pengadilan Negeri Yogyakarta. Metode pengumpulannya dengan cara melakukan studi pustaka terhadap bahan hukum sekunder, primer, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaku percobaan perkosaan yang dilakukan oleh anak tidak dapat dilakukan upaya diversi dikarenakan ancaman sanksi melebihi batas maksimal, yaitu 7 tahun sebagaimana telah diatur dalam Pasal 7 ayat (2) UU Nomor.11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. pelaku percobaan perkosaan dikenakan Pasal 285 KUHP jo. Pasal 53 KUHP. Penerapan sanksinya tidak melebihi batas maksimal orang dewasa. Sesuai Pasal 81 ayat (2) UU Nomor. 11 Tahun 2012 tentang SPPA menjelaskan bahwa ancaman pidana terhadap anak adalah separuh atau setengah dari orang dewasa, dari ke-tiga kasus dalam penelitian ini masing-masing jumlah sanksi pidanya berbeda-beda, dan tidak melebihi batas maksimal 4,5 tahun.
Safe otorhinolaryngological outpatient practices in COVID-19 in Indian scenarios
Authors: Saleem Zafar , Rana Amit Kumar , Kumar Shivesh
Published: August 2021

The 2019 novel corona virus has created havoc across the world for whole of last year and still doing so with its continuing second and third waves. It is hypothesized that SARS CoV 2 virus can spread by sneezing, coughing, and even talking to close contact (less than 2 meters) in as little time as few minutes.

This exercise was done in patients who attended the Otorhinolaryngological outpatient department from July 2020 to December 20 in a tertiary care center in Lucknow. A total of 1556 patients were included in this study.

Keeping this is mind, after careful discussion we propose a OPD consultation protocol which would not only be useful during this pandemic but even after the peaks have passed and COVID-19 transmission comes down to low levels. This protocol if followed properly would prevent transmission of many such possible infections in future as well.
The study of cases of hoarseness of voice of north India region
Authors: Kr Gupta Mahendra , Gupta Ravi
Published: August 2021

In Medical Science, Hoarseness is the term used to describe a change in normal quality of voice of a patient which is rough or harsh, lower in pitch and more or less discordant Depends on duration of illness, hoarseness can be divided into acute or chronic condition. The acute onset is more common and mainly caused by inflammation (acute laryngitis) chronic sinusitis acid reflux disease, excessive alcohol use, smoking and over use or misuse of voice whereas other cause may be, laryngeal trauma or thyroid surgery and systemic disease The aim of our study is to analyse clinical profile, assess different etiological factors and to find out common precipitating factors leading to hoarseness of voice.

A total of 34500 patients visited OPD of Otolaryngology department from June 2017 to May2019. Out of these,253 cases presented with complaint of change in voice (Hoarseness). The incidence of hoarseness among total OPD patient was 0.73%. Among 253 cases ,165 (65.21%) were male and 88 (34.78%) were female. Male predominance was observed with Male: female ratio of 1.87:1 in this study. Majority of patients (22.13%) were reported in 51-60 years age group followed by 31-40 years age group (21.73%). Largest group of patients were housewives (19.76%), then farmer (19.36%%) and labour (18.57%). Rest was teacher (13.43%), singer (5.92%) politician (5.13%), policeman (1.97%) and sportsman (0.79%).

Many predisposing factors were noted like tobacco chewing, smoking, alcohol drinking. Tobacco chewing (38.33%), smoking (33.99%) and alcohol consumption (15.81%) were most common predisposing factors in descending order. Functional disorder was reported in (5.13%) cases and vocal abuse in 2.37% cases. In present study most of the patients were referred for speech therapy and psychotherapy along with vocal conservation and maintenance of vocal hygiene.
A study of the status of access facilities available for children with disabilities studying in BMC school at Mumbai
Authors: Banik Arun A , Banik Aninda Duti
Published: August 2021

The present study title “A study of the status of access facilities available for children with disabilities studying in BMC school”, a descriptive survey designed was made with the aim to study the status of access facility available for the children with disabilities viz. hearing impairment, mental retardation, physically handicapped (Locomotors Disability), visually handicapped in BMC recognized schools. Further to give recommendation in order to promote the access needs for children with disabilities in school. Looking into the prospective of the study it also aim to create an awareness on the issue of barrier free environment for children with disabilities. As a part of tool of the study, self-made questionnaire was developed and validated by a group of professionals. 10 BMC recognized schools were selected in and around Mumbai and the questionnaire was administered by the researcher and taken information from the school principal.

Mean average and percentage was calculated from the obtained data. On an average, overall 14.38% schools or centers with disabilities were having access facilities for students with disabilities. With respect to schools or centers related to Locomotors Disabilities, Hearing Disabilities, Mental Retardation, and Visually Handicapped study findings were 14.4%, 14.3%, 13.7% and 15.1% respectively, having access facilities for the children with disabilities in BMC schools. Where the data was subjected to statistical analysis and it was found that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in terms of access facilities between the schools or centers for disabilities. Results indicated that there were very insufficient as well as inadequate access facilities across all children with disabilities in the BMC recognized schools. The results has shown an impact in the education of the disabled students as they need full accessible educational support to undertake their successful study. Hence, Government and all other educational authorities are suggested to take up this issue in a positive manner to improve the quality of education as there is a much needed access facilities in all the schools.
A bolha informacional e os riscos dos mecanismos de busca na personalização do usuário de internet: reflexões sobre o direito à autodeterminação informacional
Authors: De Almendra Freitas Cinthia Obladen , Sivini Ferreira Heline , Cavedon Ricardo
Published: August 2021

O artigo objetiva refletir sobre o direito fundamental à autodeterminação informacional no processo de personalização do usuário da Internet. Nesse sentido, pontua-se que os mecanismos de busca se tornaram tão relevantes no contexto social contemporâneo que se discute a formação de uma nova era, essencialmente marcada pela Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação. Neste cenário, os mecanismos de busca estabelecem estruturas que possibilitam debater, de um lado, a Internet e cada um de seus usuários e, de outro, cada usuário e sua bolha de informação. Resultado de projeto de pesquisa, o artigo segue o método de abordagem dedutivo e o método de procedimento monográfico, procurando demonstrar as possíveis ameaças à esfera de proteção do usuário da Internet na busca pela constante personalização das informações desejadas e o papel da autodeterminação informacional na manutenção de princípios e direitos essenciais ao Estado Democrático de Direito.
Fourier-Bessel beams of finite energy
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kalinkina D.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Kozlova E.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we consider a new type of Bessel beams having Fourier-invariance property and, therefore, called Fourier-Bessel beams. In contrast to the known Bessel beams, these beams have weak side lobes. Analytical expressions for the complex amplitude of the proposed field in the initial plane of the source and in the far field region have been obtained. It is shown that the proposed Fourier-Bessel beams have a finite energy, although they do not have a Gaussian envelope. Their complex amplitude is proportional to a fractional-order Bessel function (an odd integer divided by 6) in the initial plane and in the Fraunhofer zone. The Fourier-Bessel modes have a smaller internal dark spot compared to the Laguerre-Gauss modes with a zero radial index. The proposed beams can be generated with a spatial light modulator and may find uses in telecommunications, interferometry, and the capture of metal microparticles.
An orbital energy flow and a spin flow at the tight focus
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Stafeev S.S. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: August 2021

We have shown that a reverse energy flow (negative projection of the Poynting vector onto the optical axis) at the sharp focus of an optical vortex with topological charge 2 and left-hand circular polarization arises because the axial spin flow has a negative projection onto the optical axis and is greater in magnitude than positive projection onto the optical axis of the orbital energy flow (canonical energy flow). Also, using the Richards-Wolf formulas, it is shown that when focusing a left-handed circularly polarized light, in the region of the on-axis reverse energy flow, the light is right-handed circularly polarized.
Knowledge Representation of Mathematics Education Program among Students in Euclidean Parallelism
Authors: Mubarokah Lailatul , Sa’dijah Cholis , Parta I Nengah , Sulandra I Made
Published: August 2021

This research aims to reveal students' perception-based knowledge representation from mathematics programs in Euclidean Parallelism. Students were asked to do parallelism exercises presented in a verbal and picture form. The data were analyzed by knowledge representation theory based on meaning and perception. There were students who have amodal-multimodal-transition hypothesis. Students' assumptions about the verbal and picture information of not-perfectly-drawn parallel lines varied: assuming that angles appear to be the same measure are congruent, the two lines would intersect, considering the two lines parallel but redrawing picture to determine the pair of congruent angles and using other perspectives to interpret the picture. This study recommends action research for geometry learning that provides not-perfectly-drawn parallel lines for students who have amodal and amodalmultimodal- transition hypothesis and observe its effect on their non-Euclidean geometry learning. It may also familiarize students with getting to know parallelism in R3.
Benefícios e desafios na prática do pregão eletrônico
Authors: Pedrosa Pedro Torres de Melo , Balbino Ricardo Alves , Salles Ronaldo de , Silva Davson Mansur Irffi
Published: August 2021

Esse artigo aborda os desafios e benefícios no processo de aquisição de bens e serviços na modalidade pregão eletrônico. Trata-se de um estudo dos aspectos positivos e negativos do pregão eletrônico na aquisição de produtos e serviços, o qual busca relacionar e comparar os pontos de eficiência do processo licitatório. O objeto de estudo é o processo de eficiência das aquisições de bens e serviços realizadas por instituições públicas no tocante à utilização do pregão eletrônico como modalidade licitatória. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar os aspectos positivos e negativos do pregão eletrônico na aquisição de bens e serviços em órgãos públicos. O tema tem relevância posto que é uma área do conhecimento que apresenta evoluções ao longo dos anos e as organizações públicas vivenciam essas alterações por ser palco dessas transformações. A situação problema que se apresenta é: o pregão eletrônico demonstra-se eficiente no tocante às aquisições de bens e serviços? A metodologia utilizada para o referido estudo é uma abordagem qualitativa, cuja pesquisa será bibliográfica e descritiva. Como resultados obtivemos informações que afirmam um aumento da eficiência com o uso da modalidade pregão eletrônico, apesar das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos órgãos públicos para a sua utilização.
Podejście postmodernistyczne w geografii turyzmu - nieuchronność czy/i moda?
Authors: Kowalczyk Andrzej
Published: August 2021

Widoczne w geografii wpływy podejścia postmodernistycznego można odnaleźć również w geografii turyzmu. Niejednoznaczność terminu „turystyka”, różnorodność motywacji i zachowań turystów itp., jak również słabość metodologiczna geografii turyzmu (wynikająca w dużym stopniu z podanych wyżej przyczyn i z braku odpowiednich danych statystycznych) sprawiają, że przyjmowane przez zajmujących się nią badaczy podejście postmodernistyczne jest podyktowane nie tylko modą, ale jest również pewną koniecznością.
Bilans efektów rozwoju agroturystyki
Authors: Wojciechowska Jolanta
Published: August 2021

Autorka prezentuje w formie piramidy płaszczyzn koncepcję spostrzegania przez środowisko lokalne i turystów efektów zachodzących pod wpływem rozwoju agroturystyki. Ich spostrzeganie przez wymienione grupy jest różne – w przypadku turystów piramida jest odwrócona. Podjęta jest także próba bilansowania skutków rozwoju agroturystyki w ujęciu statycznym i dynamicznym, ze wskazaniem na wiążące się z tym prawidłowości co do osiąganych korzyści i ponownych strat przez lokalne środowisko.
​Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Indian Agriculture: A Review
Authors: Goel Sonia , Singh Mohinder , Phaugat Anshul , Grewal Sapna , Goel Mukesh , Mishra Anil Kumar
Published: August 2021

More than 10 million laborer have been displaced from their usual workplaces during the suddenly announced lockdown by the government of India in 2020 in order to prevent and control the spread of one of the deadliest diseases of our times namely; COVID 19, popularly known as Sars Corona Virus in March - June 2020; as per the official figures provided by the GOI. There has not been a single sector that remained unaffected from the devastating impacts of COVID-19, not even agriculture. The impact of lockdown on agriculture is hard to measure as it involves a complex relationship between multiple direct and indirect factors like labour availability, lack of supply of raw materials from the agro-industrial sector etc. The lockdown period created severe economic implications (negative) for farmers (small, marginal and large), landless laborer and all the other agricultural stakeholders who had to face new challenges for earning their livelihood. The direct loss to the agriculture sector was estimated to multi-corers by various government officials while the indirect losses may be many folds of the direct loss. The marginal income of laborers in the agriculture sector was believed to be coming close to zero due to lockdown conditions. In addition to this, smart investments, improved technologies and standardized model frameworks must be designed for the agriculture sector to combat the COVID 19 impact. The current analytical review is focused on all the major factors associated with the agriculture sector that have been highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from production, storage to procurement and selling. The lockdown has choked off almost all economic activities. In urban areas, COVID-19 forced widespread loss of jobs and incomes for informal workers. Estimated by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, unemployment shot up from 8.4% in mid-March to 23% in the first week of April 2020 further soaring to 30.9% by the end of April, 2020. We have also looked into the possible strategies that can be taken into consideration by the government as well as those associated with the agricultural-food sector. This pandemic has emerged several new challenges to the agricultural sector but has given us time to think and strategize things for better management in future. Suggestions have also been made to adopt alternate approaches and work in this newly created world with the ability of better resource handling.
​Effect of Distillery Spent Wash as Carbon Source in Biofloc System on Nutrient Profile of GIFT Tilapia
Authors: Yuvarajan P. , Cheryl Antony , Gopalakannan A. , Mahadevi N.
Published: August 2021

Background: Biofloc technology (BFT) is an ecofriendly aquaculture production system. In this, various carbon sources being used for floc production. However, the cheapest carbon source would make it economically feasible. In this context, the present study used purified distillery spent wash (DSW) as a carbon source to evaluate its viability on biofloc composition and carcass quality of GIFT strain. Methods: Nursery trial was conducted in high density poly ethylene (HDPE) outdoor lined pond (0.01 ha) for period of 30 days (8th January to 7th February 2018). In both BFT and control system, proximate composition and fatty acid profile of GIFT tilapia were analyzed at the end of the trial by following the standard method. Result: Dried microbial floc encompassed 16.61 ± 1.2% of crude protein and 15.3 ± 0.01% of linoleic acid. The Whole-body composition of GIFT was not significantly (P greater than 0.05) varied in between biofloc and control. Significantly (P less than 0.05) rich fatty acids found in biofloc fed GIFT whole body except stearic acid, behenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. In the present study, DSW did not show much effect on carcass quality but showed better growth performance of GIFT strain in the BFT system.
​​Residual Effect of Wheat Varieties and Integrated Nutrient Management on Productivity and Profitability of Green Gram under North Gujarat Agro-climatic Condition
Authors: Kantwa C.R. , Vyas K.G. , Patel Sweta A. , Patel B.J.
Published: August 2021

Background: A field experiment was conducted during two consecutive summer seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat to assess the residual effect of wheat varieties and integrated nutrient management on growth, yield, economics and quality of green gram (Vigna radiata L.). The soil of the experimental plot was loamy sand in texture, low in organic carbon (0.24%), available nitrogen (159 kg/ha) and Zn (0.41 mg/kg), medium in available phosphorus (38.90 kg/ha) and high in available potash (287 kg/ha). Methods: During the period 2016-17 to 2017-18 the experiment was laid out in a Factorial RBD with three replications, consisted of four varieties GW 273 (V1), GW 322 (V2), GW 451 (V3) and GW 496 (V4) and six integrated nutrient management control (N1), 100% RDF (N2), 100% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB (N3), 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB (N4), 75% RDF + Azotobacter + PSB + ZnSO4 (N5) and 50% RDF + 25% N through FYM + Azotobacter + PSB + ZnSO4 (N6). Result: The pooled results indicated that among the residual effect of nutrient management practices, application of 50% RDF (RDF; 120:60:00 kg NPK/ha) + 25% N through FYM + Azotobacter + PSB + ZnSO4 significantly improved growth parameters, yield attributes, seed yield (669 kg/ha) and stover yield (1406 kg/ha) over control and gained the highest net return (₹18538/ha) and benefit: cost ratio of 0.88.