bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing and Analysing of a Modified Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Microwave Applications
Authors:   Department of Computer Techniques Engineering, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq, Marhoon Hamzah M. , Abdulnabi Hussein A. , Al-Aboosi Yasin Yousif
Published: October 2022

The microstrip patch antenna is commonly recognised for its diversity in term of achievable structures that make them appropriate to a wide variety of applications. The lightweight and compact size of the structure make these types of antennas suitable for use besides the microwave embedded circuits two more of their diverse benefits. In this paper, a modified design of the rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) beside edge feeding technique is simulated and optimised to cover a multi-band of the microwave frequency. The proposed antenna has been analysed based on the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) using an FR-4 substrate. The introduced MPA design constitutes of a radiating patch from copper metal with a copper extension directly coupled to the lowest edge of the radiating patch via three stubs to covering three operating frequency bands: f1= 6.19 GHz (6.13-6.26 GHz), f2= 7.63 GHz (7.55-7.7 GHz), and f3=10 GHz (9.3-10.82 GHz). Consequently, the obtained results of the modified antenna design show a good gain with S11<10 dB in the previous operating frequency bands, which are suitable for most wireless communication applications.
NOMA VLC Systems and Neural Network Approach for Imperfect SIC
Authors:   Research Scholar, CMR University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Jha Mahesh Kumar , Kumar Navin , P. Rubini , Lakshmi Y. V. S.
Published: October 2022

Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique in Visible Light Communications (VLC) enhances the performances like spectral efficiency, achievable data rate, fairness, outage probability, etc. NOMA uses superposition in power domain at the transmitter and Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) at the receiver. SIC operation is expected to perform perfect cancellation to avoid errors in the received signal. In this paper, Neural Network (NN) methods are used to overcome imperfect SIC in a NOMA VLC system. The Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Bit Error Rate (BER), and bitrate performance of the NOMA VLC systems are analyzed using Convolution Neural Network (CNN), long short term memory (LSTM), and Deep Neural Network (DNN) algorithms. Simulation results shows that the NN methods outperforms the conventional NOMA VLC system to a perfect SIC. Considering SNR for the BER 10−4, CNN outperforms SIC by 5 dB, DNN by 2 dB and LSTM by 1.5 dB. Further, CNN also outperforms SIC, DNN, and LSTM based NOMA VLC systems for BER performance as a function of bitrate. Thus, NN-based receiver will be a better alternative for imperfect SIC.
The Design and Implementation of a Ray-tracing Algorithm for Signal-level Pulsed Radar Simulation Using the NVIDIA® OptiXTM Engine
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa, Martin Mogamat Yaaseen , Winberg Simon L. , Gaffar Mohammed Yunus Abdul , Macleod David
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the design and development of a ray-traced, signal-level pulsed radar simulation algorithm and a novel ray aggregation technique using the NVIDIA® OptiXTM engine for propagation modelling. This is expected to aid radar engineers and researchers in systems design, testing, and training. The program supports the short- and long-range simulation of various radar scenarios using complex target and signal models with a high degree of realism. This was achieved through raytraced radio propagation and geometry modelling, simulating realistic multipath signal interactions with mesh-based objects as opposed to the more traditional point-model approach. The designed algorithm has also been implemented as an open-source ray-tracing module and was verified against an established radar software package.
STRUCTURAL MODEL UPDATING USING VARIATIONAL INFERENCE
Authors: IGEA FELIPE , CHATZIS MANOLIS N. , CICIRELLO ALICE
Published: October 2022

Monte Carlo sampling approaches are frequently used for probabilistic model updating of physics-based models under parametric uncertainty due to their high accuracy. The model updating framework produces a model that represents the real system more accurately than the prior knowledge or assumptions. This statistically updated model may prove useful if Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) techniques are to be applied. However, the updating of the models requires the use of a high number of samples, implying a high computational cost. Another additional disadvantage of these methods is that most of them require the calibration of a high number of parameters for their algorithm to become sampling efficient. Variational inference (VI) is an alternative approach for inference often used by the machine learning community. An optimization algorithm is employed to choose from a family of distributions the member that best approximates the posterior. In the method described in this paper the variational posterior that maximises the evidence lower bound (ELBO) is chosen. An approach based on VI is proposed and implemented on two different numerical examples to infer the uncertain parameters by postulating a variational posterior distribution given by a multivariate Gaussian approximation. It has been found that the number of samples required for the calculation of the posterior is reduced compared with Monte Carlo sampling approaches, however this occurs at the cost of some accuracy. The methodology will be helpful for the development of enhanced SHM strategies that require fast inference under a limited computational budget.
POPULATION BASED PUMPS MONITORING AND BENCHMARKING USING IOT AND EDGE ML LEARNING METHODS
Authors: LIS ANTONI , SWEENEY MICAH , SAMOTYJ MAREK , ARTUR HANC ARTUR
Published: October 2022

Machinery monitoring is typically applied to a single machine based on sensor integration and data analysis. Such an approach to a set of machines operating in similar conditions allows for a multivariate analysis for condition monitoring based on a single machine as well as based on group analysis. This paper describes an Industrial Internet-of-Thing (IIoT) concept for condition monitoring of machinery population based on water pumps. The first part provides an introduction to unsupervised anomaly detection based on population modeling with using features calculated from the: mechanical (based on vibration sensors), electrical (voltage and current signals collected from electric motors that drive monitored pumps) and operational processes (such as pressures, flows) signals. Finally, the preliminary results from laboratory testing and demonstration at a wastewater processing plant are presented.
SCALABLE IMPACT DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION USING DEEP LEARNING AND INFORMATION FUSION
Authors: FU YUGUANG , WANG ZIXIN , MAGHAREH AMIN , DYKE SHIRLEY , JAHANSHAHI MOHAMMAD , SHAHRIAR ADNAN
Published: October 2022

Due to their unpredictable nature, many impact events (e.g., overheight vehicles striking on low-clearance bridges) go unnoticed or get reported hours or days later. However, they can induce structural damage or even failure. Therefore, prompt impact detection and localization strategies are essential for early warning of impact events and rapid inspection of structures. Most existing strategies are developed for aircraft composites panels utilizing high rate synchronized measurement from densely deployed sensors. Limited efforts are made for other applications, such as infrastructure systems or extraterrestrial human habitats, which require large-scale measurement and scalable detection strategies. Particularly in harsh environments, structural impact localization must be robust to limited number of sensors and multi-source errors. In this study, an effective impact localization strategy is proposed to identify impact locations using limited number of vibration measurements. Convolutional neural networks are trained for each sensor node and are fused using Bayesian theory to improve the accuracy of impact localization. Special considerations are paid to address both measurement and modeling errors. The proposed strategy is illustrated using a 1D structure, and numerically validated for a 2D dome-shaped structure. The results demonstrate that the proposed method detects and localizes impact events accurately and robustly.
PHYSICS-ENHANCED DAMAGE CLASSIFICATION OF SPARSE DATASETS USING TRANSFER LEARNING
Authors: TODISCO MARK , MAO ZHU
Published: October 2022

High-rate, high-acceleration dynamic events produce especially limited and sparse data for two main reasons: high-acceleration loadings can destroy the test article, and the required laboratory equipment is typically expensive and complicated to operate. In many cases, these limitations prevent researchers from collecting additional data, driving the need for machine learning algorithms that utilize small datasets. Despite deep learning’s preference for thousands or millions of training examples, the dataset considered in this work contains only six independent examples. Finite element analysis software simulates the dynamic response of an electronic structure, supplementing this small dataset with additional training examples. A hybrid deep learning model first learns the dynamic response of the simulated structure and is then adapted to predict the actual electronic structure’s damage levels. This work shows that physics-enhanced transfer learning improves structural damage classification accuracy (𝑃 = 0.0879).
STRUCTURAL ACTIVE CONTROL FRAMEWORK USING REINFORCEMENT LEARNING
Authors: SADEGHI ESHKEVARI SOHEILA SADEGHI , ESHKEVARI SOHEIL SADEGHI , SEN DEBARSHI , PAKZAD SHAMIM N.
Published: October 2022

To maintain structural integrity and functionality structures are designed to accommodate operational loads as well as natural hazards during their lifetime. Active control systems are an efficient solution for structural response control when a structure is subjected to unexpected extreme loads. However, development of these systems through traditional means is limited by their model dependent nature. Recent advancements in adaptive learning methods, in particular, reinforcement learning (RL), for real-time decision-making problems, along with rapid growth in high-performance computational resources, enable structural engineers to transform the classic modelbased active control problem to a purely data-driven one. In this paper, we present a novel RL-based approach for designing active controllers by introducing RL-Controller, a flexible and scalable simulation environment. RL-Controller includes attributes and functionalities that are necessary to model active structural control mechanisms in detail. We show that the proposed framework is easily trainable for a five-story benchmark linear building with 65% reductions on average in inter story drifts (ISD) when subjected to strong ground motions. In a comparative study with an LQG active controller, we demonstrate that the proposed model-free algorithm learns actuator forcing strategies that yield higher performance, e.g., 25% more ISD reductions on average with respect to LQG, without using prior information about the mechanical properties of the system.
HYBRID SUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION IN BRIDGES
Authors: BUD MIHAI ADRIAN , NEDELCU MIHAI , MOLDOVAN IONUT , FIGUEIREDO ELOI
Published: October 2022

Structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges often involves machine learning algorithms, trained based on two independent learning strategies, namely unsupervised and supervised learning, depending on the type of training data available. When unsupervised learning strategy is employed, the algorithms are normally trained with data gathered from monitoring systems, corresponding to normal operational and environmental conditions. The lack of information regarding the dynamic response of the structure under extreme environmental and operational conditions, as well as under damage scenarios, may lead to flaws in the damage detection process, namely the rise of false indications of damage. In order to overcome this drawback, finite element models can be used as structural proxies to generate data that correspond to scenarios unlikely to be recorded by the monitoring systems, such as extreme temperatures or structural damage. The use of both monitoring and numerical data in the framework of a hybrid approach greatly improves the quality of the training process, as recently shown by the authors. The hybrid approach also enables the use of the supervised learning strategy if numerical data corresponding to damage scenarios are available. Therefore, this paper assesses the reliability of a hybrid approach for the supervised training of machine learning algorithms using numerical data corresponding to extreme temperatures and several damage scenarios. The damage scenarios comprise various degrees of settlement of a bridge pier and a landslide near the same pier. Monitoring data are used for the testing of the algorithms and for the initial calibration of the finite element model, which does not need to be exceedingly detailed, as the probabilistic variation of the uncertain parameters is taken into account. The procedure was applied to the Z-24 Bridge, a well-known benchmark consisting of one year of continuous monitoring and including progressive damage readings.
ACTIVE DEEP LEARNING-BASED CORROSION DAMAGE DETECTION IN AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
Authors: FENTA YALEW MEKONNEN , KAMATH GOPALAKRISHNA M.
Published: October 2022

Lamb wave-based damage detection has been demonstrated to be an efficacious method for structural health monitoring (SHM) in general, and corrosion in particular, and is thus deployed in this study. Since a large amount of data is needed for the deep learning networks, this study relies heavily on simulations as the data source and the waveforms are thus generated using simulations. The propagation of the Lamb waves is determined by finite element analysis which is carried out using ABAQUS. The signal features are extracted using continuous wavelet transform for amplitude change observation for presence and extent of the damage. One of the key aspects this paper focuses on is the application of the SHM methodology proposed here for realistic dimensions of corrosion pits. Thus, damage sizes are considered which fall in the range of pitting corrosion morphologies. Simulations are carried out with idealized corrosion pits of varying depths. Methods based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used for the inverse problem solution to find the damage parameters and are compared with the numerical results. The results show much promise and could be a viable means of detecting corrosion in aircraft structures.
Does Multicultural School Leadership Foster a Multicultural Teacher Culture?: The Mediating Role of Multicultural Inspiration, Personality, and Attitude
Authors: Musadad Akhmad Arif , Adha Maulana Amirul
Published: October 2022

Multiculturalism in the school environment is challenging for all educational systems. This study examines the effect of multicultural school leadership on multicultural teacher culture and determines mediating effects of multicultural inspiration, personality, and attitude. A quantitative research approach using a cross-sectional survey was used for this study. The population and sample of this study were school principals and high school teachers in Central Java Province, Indonesia. The participants were a total of 357 individuals. Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling (SEM) using the software AMOS 24. The results show that multicultural school leadership directly influences multicultural teacher culture. This study also highlights multicultural inspiration, multicultural personality, and multicultural attitude as factors that mediate the effect of multicultural school leadership on multicultural teacher culture. This study makes a practical and theoretical contribution, especially by providing data to support the improvement of multicultural teacher culture and the importance of multicultural leadership of school leaders in influencing these factors through multicultural inspiration, personality, and attitude.
Unsettling maternal futures in climate crisis: towards cohabitability?
Authors: Holmes Mary , Natalier Kristin , Leahy Carla Pascoe
Published: October 2022

In this article, we explore the emotionally reflexive processes by which some women build maternal futures in the unsettling context of climate change, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of reproductive (and other) future building as aided by emotions. We analyse the online testimonies of an organisation that raises awareness about the interrelationship between climate change and reproductive decision making. The findings illustrate how women’s consideration of possible futures is relational, guided by their feelings and what they know or imagine to be the feelings of their families, the wider society and future generations. This is important for interrogating how climate change might unsettle dominant maternal and familial practices but extend understandings of connection. We position cohabitability as a possible foundation for reproductive decision making but find this possibility unfulfilled. Rather, maternal future building more commonly reinforces individualised and gendered responsibility for the planet’s future.
The role of social work and social welfare in the current crisis facing trans youth in the US
Authors: Kant Jessica Dana , Boskey Elizabeth R.
Published: October 2022

Social work in the US has failed to respond to the largest legislative attack on the rights of transgender and non-binary people in the history of the country. Hundreds of laws have been proposed over the past several years, aiming to ban transgender and non-binary people from public life, as well as criminalising gender-affirming healthcare and attempting to remove transgender youth from supportive families for forced detransition. Beginning with the Trump administration, these bills have exponentially increased in number, now being proposed in more than 60 per cent of the US. This article critically reviews the ways in which national social work organisations have failed to address both the systemic erasure of transgender people in their pedagogy and the behaviours of specific actors within the social work profession who are actively helping to draft anti-trans legislation and advocate for conversion therapy, contravening both the evidence base and code of ethics.
On the persistence of fear in late capitalism: insights from modernisation theories and affect theories
Authors: Martin Susanne
Published: October 2022

For decades, sociologists have characterised fear as the predominant emotion of late-capitalist societies. How can this be explained? Which determinants underlie the continuing relevance of fear? To answer this question, I draw on insights from modernisation theories and affect theories, which I see as complementing and extending each other. I argue that the former provide a ‘structural approach to fear’, focusing on fear-generating socioeconomic and cultural transformations, while the latter provide an ‘approach to fear’s affectivity’, focusing on the bodily and relational character of fear as well as its modulation by the current politics of fear. By combining these approaches, both the structural and affective dimensions of significant causes and effects of fear can be illuminated. This allows for the contouring of the late-capitalist ‘affect regime of fear’ using its structural and affective preconditions, which offers an expanded explanation for the persistence of fear in late-capitalist societies. Therefore, I will first introduce both approaches and outline their mutual extensions. Second, I will reconstruct and combine their insights regarding two significant fear-related phenomena, namely global risks and neoliberal lifestyles. Third, I will illustrate that these are preferentially processed through the affective politics of fear that reinforces politics of securitisation and politics of inequality. Finally, I will summarise the main features of the affect regime of fear and outline how the sociology of fear might benefit from bringing modernisation and affect theories’ approaches into dialogue.
Expression and epitope prediction of MPT64 recombinant proteins from clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as immunoserodiagnostic candidates
Authors: Fihiruddin Fihiruddin , Inayati Nurul , Jannah Raudatul , Unsunnidhal Lalu , Kusumawati Asmarani
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim: The success in the handling and prevention of tuberculosis (TB) cases is highly dependent on their rapid detection, monitoring, and treatment. The efficacy of the Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccine is inconclusive in eastern Indonesia. The RV1980c gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes an antigenic protein that is considered to be a virulence factor, as it can stimulate the immune response in patients with TB. This study aimed to study the expression and epitope indicator of MPT64 recombinant proteins from clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis as immunoserodiagnostic candidates for pET SUMO plasmids from clinical isolates as candidates for serodiagnostic tests and recombinant vaccines.

Materials and Methods: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of the RV1980c gene was inserted into the SUMO pET plasmid, which was then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and expressed in Luria Bertani media induced by 1.0 M IPTG. Subsequently, sequencing was performed and the results were analyzed using the ClustalW and National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST software. The T-cell epitope prognosis was then explained by GENETYX version 8.0., for the prediction of B-cell epitope, as assessed using an Immune Epitope Database analysis.

Results: The PCR product of the RV1980c gene had a length of 619 bp. Moreover, SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting revealed that the protein encoded by the Rv1980c gene weighed 36 kDa. We gained nine specific T-cell epitopes according to Iad Pattern position and eight epitopes according to Rothbard/Taylor Pattern Position; furthermore, we detected five B-cell epitopes in the RV1980c gene.

Conclusion: The MPT64 protein encoded by the RV1980c gene carries epitopes that are realized by lymphocytes and represent potential immunoserodiagnostic candidates in diagnostic immunology.
Protective factors for the mental health of adolescents and young adults in coping with pandemic-related worries: A mediation study
Authors:   Universitat de València, Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, Valencia, Spain, Castro-Calvo Jesús , Schoeps Konstanze ,   Universitat de València, Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, Valencia, Spain, Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada ,   Universitat de València, Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, Valencia, Spain, del Rosario Constanza ,   Fundación Relaciones Inteligentes, Santiago, Chile
Published: October 2022

Introduction/objective: Worries regarding COVID-19 and its economic, social, and psychological consequences, together with the strict measures implemented to control this health crisis, have threatened the mental health of adolescents. The aim of this study was to test the mediating role of resilience and life satisfaction in the association between COVID-19 related worries and mental health among adolescents and young adults. Method: A total of 3485 participants between 14-29 years of age (Medad = 19.68, DT = 3.36) completed an online survey regarding pandemic-related worries, resilience, life satisfaction, and emotional symp-toms (depression, anxiety, and stress). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to test multi-group invariance. Results: Resilience and life satisfaction partly mediated the relationship between pandemic-related worries and emotional symptoms. Pandemic-related worries were positively associated with emotional symptoms. Resilience and life satisfaction mediated the impact of pandemic-related worries on emotional symptoms. The tested model was invariant according to gender and age. Conclusions: Our findings go beyond the con-text of the current pandemic, highlighting how young people’s worries regarding extraordi-nary circumstances may negatively impact on their mental health. This study highlights the mediating role of life satisfaction and resilience, thus emphasising the need for promoting these aspects to improve the mental health of young people during this global health crisis.
Communion and Creation
Authors: Everhart D. T.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, I argue for an extension of relational accounts of the imago Dei which includes a kind of priestly relation to the created order. In this relation, humanity is intended to ensure the independent flourishing of creation in a way reflective of the kind of communion we ought to have with one another. Through an analysis of the brokenness of these relationships, I argue human oppression of other humans and ravaging of creation are born of the same brokenness in such a way that they contribute to one another as distortions of human teleological communion. By drawing on Social Identity Approach in group psychology, I can offer an account of shared human identity out of which humanity acts in distorted ways as a group. By describing oppression and ravaging in terms of broken communal telos and group action, I offer a way forward for relating humanity to the created order in a way that neither instrumentalizes creation, nor flattens the distinctiveness of human creation in the image of God.
Conscious awareness in the evolution of the brain through a psychological anthropology approach
Authors: Birkök M. Cüneyt
Published: October 2022

Psychological anthropology examines the relationship across culture and personality. In this study, the state of conscious awareness and the free will that forms the basis for it are evaluated from various perspectives in the development process of the brain. In which direction has the brain evolved, is conscious awareness and therefore free will possible? Is consciousness determined by the laws of nature, or is mindfulness chosen by free will? To reach the solutions that conscious will provide, these questions need to be answered and all the necessary methods need to be created. It is accepted that free will is a state of following the rules. Otherwise, society and cultural systems cannot emerge in any way. As a result, the perception of free will is thought to be a fundamental dynamic that creates social structure by providing an evolutionary advantage. Homo Sapiens has evolutionarily developed a perception of free will. Thus, it has been possible to make decisions and put them into practice to determine the best options in the struggle for survival and reproduction and to evaluate them more efficiently.

Özet

Psikolojik antropoloji, kültür ile kişilik arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Bu çalışmada beynin gelişme süreci içinde bilinçli farkındalık ve ona zemin teşkil eden özgür iradenin durumu çeşitli açılardan değerlendirilmektedir. Beyin hangi yöne doğru evrilmiştir, bilinçli farkındalık ve dolayısıyla özgür bir irade mümkün müdür? Bilinç, doğa yasaları tarafından determine bir şekilde mi üretilmektedir, yoksa bilinçli farkındalık bir özgür irade ile tercih edilmekte midir? Farkındalığın sağlayacağı çözümlere ulaşmak için bu soruların yanıtlanarak gerekli yöntemlerin oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Özgür iradenin bir kurallara uyulması durumu olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Aksi taktirde toplum ve kültürel sistemler herhangi bir şekilde ortaya çıkamaz. Sonuç olarak, özgür irade algısının evrimsel bir avantaj sağlayarak toplumsal yapıyı meydana getiren temel bir dinamik olduğu düşünülmektedir. Homo Sapiens’te evrimsel olarak bir özgür irade algısı gelişmiştir. Böylece hayatta kalma ve üreme mücadelesinde en iyi seçeneklerin saptanması ve daha verimli bir şekilde değerlendirilebilmesi için karar almak ve uygulamaya koymak mümkün olmuştur
Leadership First: The Art of Leading
Authors: Love Derrick
Published: October 2022

Effective leadership begins with an understanding of self and the ability to look beyond oneself to see, project, and inspire others to grow. In this article, readers will reflect on their leadership practices and core fundamental beliefs of what it means to lead and how to produce great results in the people they lead effectively. Leadership is a continuous growth process, and leaders must be willing to engage and self-reflect daily to maximize the capacity of those around them.
Trocas gasosas e análises bioquímicas em variedades de melancia sob cultivo orgânico no semiárido nordestino
Authors: Oliveira Zézia Verônica Silva Ramos , Mesquita Alessandro Carlos , Simões Welson Lima , Salviano Alessandra Monteiro , Silva Jucicléia Soares da , Felix Ana Thaila Rodrigues
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar numa escala temporal, os efeitos de doses de biofertilizante sobre as variáveis relacionadas às trocas gasosas e bioquímicas em três variedades de melancia cultivadas em sistema orgânico no semiárido nordestino. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental de Bebedouro (CEB) da EMBRAPA Semiárido em Petrolina-PE, com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, num esquema fatorial em parcela subsubdividida (3x6x3), contendo nas parcelas três variedades de melancia (Explorer; Red Heaven, e Majestic); nas subparcelas seis doses de biofertilizante (0; 80; 160; 240; 320 e 400 mL planta-1) e nas subsubparcelas três coletas ao longo do ciclo da cultura (30, 45 e 60 DAS), com quatro repetições. As doses intermediárias, entre 120 e 250 mL planta-1, do biofertilizante proporcionaram os melhores valores de fotossíntese, condutância estomática, transpiração, açúcares solúveis totais e atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato nas variedades de melancia, com destaque para a variedade Explorer. As trocas gasosas e os parâmetros bioquímicos foram superiores na fase inicial e intermediaria do ciclo de cultivo, de 30 e 45 dias após semeadura.
Low-cost activated carbon from the husk of Pará nuts for dye removal from aqueous solution: kinetic and thermodynamic mechanism study
Authors: Santos Lucas Oliveira , Oliveira Deusimar Lopes , Nascimento Evair Dias , De Alencar Wagner Soares , Siqueira Joana Luiza Pires , Vieira Débora Albuquerque , Souza Adriane Damasceno Vieira de , De Oliveira Carvalho Francisco Adriano
Published: October 2022

The use of activated carbon produced from the husk of Pará nuts, Bertholletia excelsa, as an ecological and low-cost alternative for the adsorption of reactive orange 16 dye (RO-16) was used. The adsorbent material, CA-700325, was synthesized by carbonizing the biomass of Brazil nuts at 700 ºC for 2h in order to obtain activated carbon with high adsorptive capacity. The superficial characterization was performed by FTIR and BET. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium, while the adsorption kinetics was studied using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. The removal of RO-16 depends on the pH of the medium, reaching a maximum index at pH 1.0. At a dosage of 5.0 g/L, the removal of RO-16 was greater than 99%. Adsorption isotherms had a better fit of the experimental data with Langmuir model, revealing that the adsorption of RO-16 in the CA-700325 occurs in a monolayer, with a maximum capacity of adsorption in a monolayer of 154.8 mg/g, the adsorption equilibrium appears in 150 min and that the adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second order model. The present study reports that the low-cost material is very promising for the treatment of the textile industry effluents.
Efeito do encapsulamento em um VDMOSFET sob feixes de raios X usados em diagnóstico médico
Authors: Alves Cavalcanti Francisco , Pereira dos Santos Luiz Antonio
Published: October 2022

O dispositivo eletrônico MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) é conhecido como um detector de radiação ionizante, principalmente em feixes de radioterapia. Recentemente um tipo de MOSFET já foi utilizado também em feixes de radiodiagnóstico médico, cuja faixa de energia é significativamente inferior à faixa de energia normalmente utilizada em radioterapia. Este trabalho traz um estudo científico da utilização de um VDMOSFET (VD = Vertical Double Diffused) e sua resposta aos feixes de raios X normalmente usados em diagnóstico médico. O VDMOSFET escolhido para a análise é fabricado em pelo menos dois tipos de encapsulamento diferentes e foi isso que permitiu desenvolver este trabalho. Os resultados mostraram que, embora a pastilha de silício seja exatamente a mesma, ou seja, o dispositivo eletrônico em si ter características elétricas idênticas, a resposta de cada um com seus respectivos encapsulamentos é diferente. O efeito do encapsulamento sugere que o VDMOSFET possa ser utilizado em processos de mensuração de parâmetros de tubo de raios X aplicado ao diagnóstico médico resultando em avanços tecnológicos na área das radiações ionizantes aplicadas em medicina.
Associating local strains to global pressure–volume mouse lung mechanics using digital image correlation
Authors: Nelson Talyah M. , Quiros Kathrine A. M. , Mariano Crystal A. , Sattari Samaneh , Ulu Arzu , Dominguez Edward C. , Nordgren Tara M. , Eskandari Mona
Published: October 2022

Pulmonary diseases alter lung mechanical properties, can cause loss of function, and necessitate use of mechanical ventilation, which can be detrimental. Investigations of lung tissue (local) scale mechanical properties are sparse compared to that of the whole organ (global) level, despite connections between regional strain injury and ventilation. We examine ex vivo mouse lung mechanics by investigating strain values, local compliance, tissue surface heterogeneity, and strain evolutionary behavior for various inflation rates and volumes. A custom electromechanical, pressure–volume ventilator is coupled with digital image correlation to measure regional lung strains and associate local to global mechanics by analyzing novel pressure–strain evolutionary measures. Mean strains at 5 breaths per minute (BPM) for applied volumes of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 ml are 5.0, 7.8, and 11.3%, respectively, and 4.7, 8.8, and 12.2% for 20 BPM. Similarly, maximum strains among all rate and volume combinations range 10.7%–22.4%. Strain values (mean, range, mode, and maximum) at peak inflation often exhibit significant volume dependencies. Additionally, select evolutionary behavior (e.g., local lung compliance quantification) and tissue heterogeneity show significant volume dependence. Rate dependencies are generally found to be insignificant; however, strain values and surface lobe heterogeneity tend to increase with increasing rates. By quantifying strain evolutionary behavior in relation to pressure–volume measures, we associate time‐continuous local to global mouse lung mechanics for the first time and further examine the role of volume and rate dependency. The interplay of multiscale deformations evaluated in this work can offer insights for clinical applications, such as ventilator‐induced lung injury.
Small solitons and multisolitons in the generalized Davey-Stewartson system
Authors: Bai Mengxue , Zhang Jian , Zhu Shihui
Published: October 2022

By introducing and solving a new cross-constrained variational problem, a one-to-one correspondence from the prescribed mass to frequency of soliton is established for the generalized Davey-Stewartson system in two-dimensional space. Orbital stability of small soiltons depending on frequencies is proved. Multisolitons with different speeds are constructed by stable small solitons.
Anticipating extreme losses using score-driven shape filters
Authors: Ayala Astrid , Blazsek Szabolcs , Escribano Alvaro
Published: October 2022

We suggest a new value-at-risk (VaR) framework using EGARCH (exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) models with score-driven expected return, scale, and shape filters. We use the EGB2 (exponential generalized beta of the second kind), NIG (normal-inverse Gaussian), and Skew-Gen-t (skewed generalized-t) distributions, for which the score-driven shape parameters drive the skewness, tail shape, and peakedness of the distribution. We use daily data on the Standard & Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) index for the period of February 1990 to October 2021. For all distributions, likelihood-ratio (LR) tests indicate that several EGARCH models with dynamic shape are superior to the EGARCH models with constant shape. We compare the realized volatility with the conditional volatility estimates, and we find two Skew-Gen-t specifications with dynamic shape, which are superior to the Skew-Gen-t specification with constant shape. The shape parameter dynamics are associated with important events that affected the stock market in the United States (US). VaR backtesting is performed for the dot.com boom (January 1997 to October 2020), the 2008 US Financial Crisis (October 2007 to March 2009), and the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (January 2020 to October 2021). We show that the use of the dynamic shape parameters improves the VaR measurements.
Achaemenid Building Technology
Authors: Motamedmanesh Mahdi
Published: October 2022

Although critics in the late twentieth century refuted the tendency of early Western scholars to regard Achaemenid architecture as merely eclectic and thus lacking in originality, these old assumptions still influence the study of Achaemenid material culture. Mahdi Motamedmanesh draws upon interdisciplinary approaches to illuminate the material context that enabled the Achaemenids to forge new architectural vocabularies in his essay Achaemenid Building Technology: The Key to a New Reading of Royal Achaemenid Architecture. Based on analysis of the building techniques of Achaemenid hypostyle architecture in dialogue with construction history and the history of the Achaemenid Empire, the essay argues that Achaemenid builders gradually developed an advanced understanding of structural behavior. This approach offers an opportunity to reexamine earlier arguments about the unprecedented forms and geometric innovations that distinguished Achaemenid palace layouts and details. By proposing a general theoretical framework for Achaemenid architectural innovation, this article seeks to encourage further cross-disciplinary investigations of Achaemenid building technology.
Efficacy of Ezio Foot Massage Intervention to Reduce the Impact of Chemotherapy Adverse Effects among Children with Hematological and Solid Tumors at AIMS, Kochi, Kerala
Authors: Chitra P
Published: October 2022

FM has been practised for thousands of years in different parts of the world, including Egypt, India and China. Objectives: To identify the level of nausea, vomiting, insomnia, fatigue among the control and experimental group children before chemotherapy administration. 2,3,4,5 are to assess the efficacy of EFM in reducing the CINV, Insomnia, and Fatigue among children with haematological and solid tumours respectively. Materials & methods: The tool consists of 3 sections. I Demographic profile, II Clinical profile, III Modified (NCICTC) version 3.0 was used to explore the AE of chemotherapy and its severity. Sampling technique adopted cluster randomization, the size 140 children the first 70 were selected for the control group and the next 70 were allotted for the experimental group. The Factorial research design was used [2 X 4 X 10 (2 X 5)] with repeated measures for the last variable. Results: The non-significant PCL- AE assessment between the control and experimental groups shows that both groups were more or less similar and comparable. The significant ‘P’ value of the highest order of interaction effect between Assessment, Drug and Group confirms that children in the experimental group who received FM the AE of nausea (P=0.016), vomiting (P=.001), Insomnia (P=0.000) and fatigue (P=0.000) Conclusion: The EFM, significantly, reduces the chemotherapy AE such as nausea, vomiting, insomnia and fatigue.
Firearm-Related Injuries and Deaths in Children and Youth: Injury Prevention and Harm Reduction
Authors: Lee Lois K. , Fleegler Eric W. , Goyal Monika K. , Doh Kiesha Fraser , Laraque-Arena Danielle , Hoffman Benjamin D. ,   THE COUNCIL ON INJURY, VIOLENCE, AND POISON PREVENTION, Culyba Alison , Dodington James , Johnston Brian , Kendi Sadiqa , Kiragu Andrew , McFadden Terri , Osterhoudt Kevin , Tenenbein Milton , Quinlan Kyran , Dixon Cinnamon , Beno Suzanne , Kozial Bonnie , Delgado Allison
Published: October 2022

Firearms are the leading cause of death in children and youth 0 to 24 years of age in the United States. They are also an important cause of injury with long-term physical and mental health consequences. A multipronged approach with layers of protection focused on harm reduction, which has been successful in decreasing motor vehicle-related injuries, is essential to decrease firearm injuries and deaths in children and youth. Interventions should be focused on the individual, household, community, and policy levels. Strategies for harm reduction for pediatric firearm injuries include providing anticipatory guidance regarding the increased risk of firearm injuries and deaths with firearms in the home as well as the principles of safer firearm storage. In addition, lethal means counseling for patients and families with individuals at risk for self-harm and suicide is important. Community-level interventions include hospital and community-based violence intervention programs. The implementation of safety regulations for firearms as well as enacting legislation are also essential for firearm injury prevention. Increased funding for data infrastructure and research is also crucial to better understand risks and protective factors for firearm violence, which can then inform effective prevention interventions. To reverse this trend of increasing firearm violence, it is imperative for the wider community of clinicians, public health advocates, community stakeholders, researchers, funders, and policy makers to collaboratively address the growing public health crisis of firearm injuries in US youth.
Evaluation of baseline cleanliness of food contact surfaces in Basrah Governorate restaurants using ATP-bioluminescence to assess the effectiveness of HACCP application in Iraq
Authors: Altemimi Ammar B. , Alhelfi Nawfal , Ali Athmar A. , Pasqualone Antonella , Fidan Hafize , Abedelmaksoud Tarek Gamal , Giuffrè Angelo Maria , Ibrahim Salam A.
Published: October 2022

The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system prevents and manages physical, chemical and biological risks at places where foods and beverages are processed, packaged, distributed and consumed. The present study (1) assessed the level of microbial contamination of food contact surfaces using adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-bioluminescence in Iraq restaurants; (2) investigated the level of microbial contamination of food contact surfaces; and (3) evaluated the efficiency of sanitizers in removing biological hazards from food contact surfaces. The ATP-bioluminescence discovered the presence of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on surfaces and tools. Results also showed that the HACCP application was very effective in the amelioration of food quality.
Evaluation of Daylight and Glare Quality of Office Spaces with Flat and Dynamic Shading System Facades in Hot Arid Climate
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Konya Teknik University, 42000, Konya, Turkey, Özdemir Hüseyin , Çakmak Bilgehan Yılmaz ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Konya Teknik University, 42000, Konya, Turkey
Published: October 2022

There has been an increasing awareness in recent years about the evaluation of daylight and glare quality in buildings. In the study, an office space with a flat and a dynamic shading system facade (triangular cell facade) is discussed in the province of Mardin, which is in a hot and arid climate zone. Observing two different facade types in a single office space allows the study to be carried out in detail, and their suitability can be checked by producing quick design alternatives. The analysis and evaluation of daylight and glare quality over office spaces with two different facade types aims to develop an innovative approach. This objective is designed to respond to climatic conditions and contribute to the development of climate-sensitive designs. The study was parametrically simulated with the Grasshopper plugin and daylight plugin ClimateStudio tools in Rhino, an office space with both a flat facade and a dynamic shading system facade located in a hot-arid climate. As a result of the analysis, the dynamic shading system, which can transform according to the position of the sun, shows outputs in accordance with the LEEDv4 standard, minimizing the ASE value of the facade's annual sunlight exposure by up to 10%, while maximizing the spatial daylight autonomy sDA value by 60% or more. In addition, Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) values of 0.38 keep the visual quality affective. As a result, the office space with a dynamic shading system facade showed that it can significantly improve the flexibility of shading to control daylight measurements and glare, achieving the maximum level of visual comfort based on the LEEDv4 certificate.
Innovative Emissions Measurement and Perspective on Future Tailpipe Regulation
Authors: Molden Nick
Published: October 2022

The Euro 7 exhaust emissions regulation will be important both from the perspective of how it further improves air quality, but also of certain greenhouse gas emissions and the economics of the internal combustion engine. This paper sets out the ongoing importance of ozone to urban air quality, and how tailpipe volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions contribute to that as well as having direct human health effects through inhalation. The paper then sets out a novel method for the measurement of speciated VOCs and nitrous oxide (N2O) at the tailpipe in real-world conditions, and presents initial results across a range of modern light-duty vehicles. Based on the results, it may be the case that VOCs should be a higher priority for future regulation than N2O, although more research is required to achieve a consensus on typical real-world N2O emissions.