bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does China’s national volume-based drug procurement policy promote or hinder pharmaceutical innovation?
Authors: Li Xiujuan , Xu Jiachun
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The national volume-based drug procurement policy initiated in China since 2018 represents a significant reform in China’s pharmaceutical distribution system. It has largely squeezed out the price bubble of low-end generic drugs, making competition in the pharmaceutical sales segment more intense and transparent. This policy intervenes in the distribution link of the pharmaceutical industry by intensifying market competition, thereby enhancing the innovation willingness and R&D capabilities of pharmaceutical companies.

Methods

Taking the national volume-based drug procurement policy as the policy shock, we used the multi-period difference-in-difference method to study the impact of the policy on innovation input, innovation output quantity and innovation output quality of listed pharmaceutical companies and its impact mechanism.

Results

We found that the volume-based policy can significantly promote the pharmaceutical companies’ innovation input and the innovation output quality, but significantly reduced the innovation output quantity. For innovative and generic drug companies, this policy has limited impact on innovative drug companies, but force generic drug companies to pay more attention to cost control and market positioning, and the quality and cost-effectiveness of R&D output to ensure competitiveness in the market. For bid-winning and non-winning companies, the policy has a greater innovation incentive for non-winning companies than winning companies, by imposing greater survival pressure on non-winning companies, forcing them to increase R&D investment intensity and adopt the innovation strategy of preferring quality to quantity.

Discussion

The results show that the national volume-based drug procurement policy should be expanded to lower drug prices and lighten the medical burden on patients, with enhanced quality and safety supervision. Additionally, it suggests cautious application of such policies to innovative and high-end generic drugs to encourage continued pharmaceutical innovation and industry advancement.
Modern advances in spinal cord regeneration: hydrogel combined with neural stem cells
Authors: Rybachuk Oksana , Nesterenko Yuliia , Zhovannyk Valeriia
Published: June 2024

Severe spinal cord injuries (SCI) lead to loss of functional activity of the body below the injury site, affect a person’s ability to self-care and have a direct impact on performance. Due to the structural features and functional role of the spinal cord in the body, the consequences of SCI cannot be completely overcome at the expense of endogenous regenerative potential and, developing over time, lead to severe complications years after injury. Thus, the primary task of this type of injury treatment is to create artificial conditions for the regenerative growth of damaged nerve fibers through the area of the SCI. Solving this problem is possible using tissue neuroengineering involving the technology of replacing the natural tissue environment with synthetic matrices (for example, hydrogels) in combination with stem cells, in particular, neural/progenitor stem cells (NSPCs). This approach can provide maximum stimulation and support for the regenerative growth of axons of damaged neurons and their myelination. In this review, we consider the currently available options for improving the condition after SCI (use of NSC transplantation or/and replacement of the damaged area of the SCI with a matrix, specifically a hydrogel). We emphasise the expediency and effectiveness of the hydrogel matrix + NSCs complex system used for the reconstruction of spinal cord tissue after injury. Since such a complex approach (a combination of tissue engineering and cell therapy), in our opinion, allows not only to creation of conditions for supporting endogenous regeneration or mechanical reconstruction of the spinal cord, but also to strengthen endogenous regeneration, prevent the spread of the inflammatory process, and promote the restoration of lost reflex, motor and sensory functions of the injured area of spinal cord.
Fetal membrane imaging: current and future perspectives—a review
Authors: Wu Dan , Cao Jiasong , Xu Meiyi , Zhang Cunling , Wei Zhuo , Li Wen , Chang Ying
Published: June 2024

Fetal membrane providing mechanical support and immune protection for the growing fetus until it ruptures during parturition. The abnormalities of fetal membrane (thickening, separation, etc.) are related to adverse perinatal outcomes such as premature delivery, fetal deformities and fetal death. As a noninvasive method, imaging methods play an important role in prenatal examination. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed the manuscripts on fetal membrane imaging method and their potential role in predicting adverse perinatal fetal prognosis. We also discussed the prospect of artificial intelligence in fetal membrane imaging in the future.
Realization of affiliation goals, interpersonal identity development, and well-being: effects of the implicit affiliation motive among German and Zambian adolescents
Authors: Hofer Jan , Busch Holger , Menon Anitha
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Across various cultural contexts, success in goal realization relates to individuals’ well-being. Moreover, commitment to and successful pursuance of goals are crucial when searching for a meaningful identity in adolescence. However, individuals’ goals differ in how much they match their implicit motive dispositions. We hypothesized that successful pursuance of affiliation goals positively relates to commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development (domain: close friends) that, in turn, predict adolescents’ level of well-being. However, we further assumed that the links between goal success and identity commitment are particularly pronounced among adolescents who are characterized by a high implicit affiliation motive.

Methods

To scrutinize the generalizability of the assumed relationships, data were assessed among adolescents in individualistic (Germany) and collectivistic (Zambia) cultural contexts.

Results

Regardless of adolescents’ cultural background, we found that commitment-related dimensions of interpersonal identity development mediate the link between successful attainment of affiliation goals and well-being, particularly among adolescents with a pronounced implicit affiliation motive; that is, the strength of the implicit affiliation motive moderates the association between goal success and identity commitment.

Conclusion

We discuss findings concerning universal effects of implicit motives on identity commitment and well-being.
“We can all relate”: patient experience of an emotion-oriented group intervention after Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Rowlands Leanne , Salas Christian , Coetzer Rudi , Buckland Sharon , Turnbull Oliver H.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Group interventions are carried out routinely across neuropsychological rehabilitation services, to improve understanding of brain injury and aspects of impairment. Treatment provided in a group modality can bring additional perceived benefits, such as co-operative learning. However, there are very few studies which explore patient perceptions and experiences of such interventions. In the present study we investigated the experience of attending a group-based educational intervention for the consequences of acquired brain injury (ABI), which had a strong focus on emotion and emotion regulation.

Methods

Using qualitative semi-structured interviews (approximately 20 minutes), the study explores the lived experience of participating in the seven-session programme, the better to identify the perceived efficacy, salience and value of individual elements. Twenty participants with ABI took part in individual interviews, after completion of the group programme (the Brain Injury Solutions and Emotions Programme, BISEP). The study adopted a descriptive phenomenological philosophy, which focuses on lived experience to explore a phenomenon (i.e. the experience of BISEP). As regards methods, the study employed thematic analysis to cluster experiences into themes of meaning.

Results

Five themes were identified: (1) ‘Long term consequences and psychological needs’, which related to the persistent nature of direct consequences of injury and adjustment, and how these result in a need for interventions such as BISEP. (2) ‘Positive experiences of participating in the programme’, referred to participants’ overall experience of the programme and valued elements within it. The remaining themes referred to the programme as (3) a social milieu; (4) a place to learn; and (5) a place to promote positive emotional experiences.

Discussion

Similar to previous studies, many people reported high acceptability and perceived value of the group programme, and its role in facilitating adjustment and understanding of injury. Of particular importance was the opportunity to socialise with people who “can all relate”, in line with a growing emphasis on social rehabilitation. The findings especially highlight the relevance of emotion-focused group programmes for ABI, promoting emotion regulation, and practical tools that are delivered optimistically. Further implications for practice and future research include to focus on long term rehabilitation, a social milieu, and strategies to support adjustment.
The shadow of fear: hate crime victimization and stress after Charlottesville
Authors: Hellyer Joshua , Gereke Johanna
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Recent years have witnessed an increase in highly publicized attacks targeting members of ethnoracial and religious minority groups. To date, existing research has primarily focused on the tendency for such “trigger events” to generate violent aftershocks. We argue that beyond such ripple effects, highly salient trigger events significantly increase hate-crime related stress among racial and ethnic minorities. Additionally, we explore whether these effects are limited to the group most clearly targeted, or if they “spill over” to other minoritized communities.

Methods

To study reactions to hate crimes, we draw upon national survey data (N = 1,122) in combination with a natural experiment involving the Unite the Right rally and vehicle attack in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017. We employ an “unexpected event during survey” design to estimate the causal effect of the Charlottesville rally on stress about hate crimes.

Results

We first show that there was an increase in anti-Black hate crimes in the 2 weeks following the Charlottesville incident. We also find a corresponding increase in stress due to the perception of personal vulnerability to hate crimes among African-Americans. However, we do not observe a significant increase in levels of stress following the trigger event among Hispanics and Asian Americans.

Discussion

Our results suggest that highly publicized instances of intergroup violence can have significant impacts on stress about hate crime victimization within the target group. However, we find that this effect is short-lived, and that both violent aftershocks and the general climate of fear spurred by hate crimes may be racially bounded.
Differential effects of hypnotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy on the default mode network of depressed patients
Authors: Haipt Alina , Rosenbaum David , Fuhr Kristina , Batra Anil , Ehlis Ann-Christine
Published: June 2024

Hypnosis has been applied in healing procedures since the earliest of recorded history and today it is implemented in a wholesome concept Hypnotherapy (HT1). On a neurophysiological level, hypnosis has been associated with parts of the Default Mode Network (DMN2), but its effects on this network when induced in a treatment setting of a widespread disorder, namely depression, have never been investigated. Depression is associated with abnormal functional connectivity (FC3) of the DMN. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT4) has proven itself to be an effective treatment for depression; effects of CBT on DMN-related regions are heterogeneous. In the past years, HT was found to be a promising alternative or helpful adjunction. Yet, its underlying mechanisms remain to be unclear. In this original study 75 depressed patients receiving either CBT or HT were included and measured during resting-state before and after therapy with functional near-infrared-spectroscopy (fNIRS5). On symptom level, results show a significant reduction in both groups. On a neurophysiological level, first exploratory analyses hint toward treatment effects in two components of the DMN. However, these effects do not withstand correction for multiple testing. Still, our study is a first stepstone in the investigation of neural mechanisms of HT and offers first ideas about possible implications.
When high work engagement is negative for family tasks: mechanisms and boundary conditions
Authors: Onyishi Ike E. , Nohe Christoph , Ugwu Fabian O. , Amazue Lawrence O. , Hertel Guido
Published: June 2024

Background

Typically, work engagement is positively related to beneficial job outcomes. Earlier studies, however, revealed a “dark side” of work engagement showing negative effects such as more work-family conflict. Using a resource perspective, our study seeks to better understand why and when these negative effects of work engagement occur. Specifically, we test a new model in which the relationship of work engagement with work-family conflict is mediated by organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and work rumination. Moreover, we argue that employees’ resource-building strategies (i.e., job crafting) and resource levels (i.e., psychological capital) buffer resource depletion due to high work engagement.

Methods

We tested our assumptions in a field study that involved data collected on three measurement points with 523 employees from Nigeria. The measures consist of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale, Work Rumination Scale, Psychological Capital Scale, Job Crafting Measure, Work-family Conflict Scale, and demographic variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses.

Results and discussion

Results from latent structure equation modelling confirm that work rumination mediates the positive relationship between work engagement and work-family conflict. Additionally, our findings suggest that behavioral engagement (i.e.,OCB) and work rumination mediate the relationship between work engagement and work-family conflict. Moreover, psychological capital mitigated the relationships of work engagement with work rumination, but not job crafting. Our study helps to better understand the “dark side” of work engagement and offers implications on how to mitigate its detrimental relationship with work-family conflict.
Case report: Applied behavior analysis in a case of anomic aphasia in post-acute myocardial infarction with cardiac arrest and brain hypoxia: results of tact-training
Authors: Catania Valentina , D’Angelo Guido , Panerai Simonetta , Lanuzza Bartolo , Ferri Raffaele
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) tact-training was provided to an adult with post-stroke anomic aphasia, with the main purposes to improve naming of pictures, with a possible generalization to another different setting, through telehealth sessions.

Method

The Multiple probe experimental design across behaviors was used. Two sets of stimuli were used (SET 1 and SET 2), including 60 laminated photos, belonging to three different categories for each set. Procedure included the baseline, the intervention phases (face-to-face and telehealth sessions), and the follow-up (1 month after the end of a tact training).

Results

For both, SET 1 and SET 2, the mastery criterion (80% correct stimulus tacts, for three consecutive times, simultaneously for all categories) was achieved. No increased percentage of correct picture tacts was found for untrained items. At follow-up, the patient provided 70 to 100% correct responses. For both SET 1 and SET 2, telehealth did not modify the correct response trends.

Conclusion

The results of our study seem to suggest that specific tact-training procedures might be successfully carried out in adult and elderly people with post-stroke aphasia. It also appears necessary to arrange protocols providing telehealth sessions, with benefits for both families and the health system.
The association between symptomatic remission and social support in community-dwelling schizophrenia patients during COVID-19
Authors: Yao Lansicheng , Liu Hongying , Pan Qiuyu , Tian Xiaobing
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Schizophrenia is a severe and enduring psychiatric disorder, characterized by substantial challenges in achieving symptomatic remission. Up to now, there have been limited studies examining the association between remission status and social support in patients with schizophrenia during COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the remission status of community-dwelling schizophrenia patients during the pandemic and explore whether symptomatic remission is significantly associated with social support in a cross-sectional study.

Methods

727 schizophrenia patients were recruited using a cluster random sampling method in the local community. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data on participants’ clinical characteristics, sociodemographic, social support, and symptomatic remission criteria. Logistic regression models were deployed to identify potential relationships between symptomatic remission and social support.

Results

Among the 727 patients in our study, a substantial proportion of 522 (71.80%) achieved symptomatic remission, while 205 (28.2%) did not. Remarkably, those who achieved symptomatic remission exhibited a higher level of social support (28.32 ± 6.82) compared to those who did not. The proportion of patients achieving symptomatic remission in the low (19.4%), medium (46.2%), and high (34.3%) social support groups was 56.7%, 66.1%, and 88.0%, respectively. Moreover, the crude odds ratio for the association between social support and symptomatic remission was 3.20 (95% CI: 2.45–4.18). After controlling for all confounding factors, the adjusted odds ratio remained significant at 3.02 (95% CI: 2.30–3.97).

Discussion

This consistent association underscores the critical role of social support in influencing symptomatic remission among community-dwelling schizophrenia patients, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reinforcing the utilization of social support for fostering symptomatic remission among individuals with schizophrenia who reside in the community during such crises is recommended.
Socioeconomic inequalities in human papillomavirus knowledge and vaccine uptake: evidence from a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Gong Xiaoqian , Xu Jing , He Yuzhen , Zou Guofang , Liu Jing
Published: June 2024

Objective

Providing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is effective to eliminate the disparity in HPV-related cancers. It is unknown regarding inequality in the distribution of HPV vaccination in China since the vaccine was licensed and approved for use in 2016. This study aimed to examine socioeconomic inequalities in HPV-related knowledge and vaccination and identified factors associated with such inequalities.

Methods

Self-administered questionnaires measuring HPV-related knowledge and vaccine uptake were completed by 1,306 women through online survey platform. HPV knowledge was assessed using a 12-item question stem that covered the hazards of HPV infection, HPV vaccine dosage, benefits, and protection. Cluster analysis by combining monthly household income, educational level, and employment status was used to identify socioeconomic status (SES) class. The concentration index (CI) was employed as a measure of socioeconomic inequalities in HPV-related knowledge and vaccination. Linear regression and logistic regression were established to decompose the contributions of associated factors to the observed inequalities.

Results

The CI for HPV-related knowledge and vaccine uptake was 0.0442 and 0.1485, respectively, indicating the higher knowledge and vaccination rate were concentrated in groups with high SES. Education and household income made the largest contribution to these inequalities. Age, residency and cervical cancer screening were also important contributors of observed inequalities.

Conclusion

Socioeconomic inequalities in HPV-related knowledge and vaccination uptake are evident in China. Interventions to diffuse HPV-related information for disadvantaged groups are helpful to reduce these inequalities. Providing low or no-cost HPV vaccination and ensuring accessibility of vaccines in rural areas are also considered to be beneficial.
Empowering sickle cell disease care: the rise of TechnoRehabLab in Sub-Saharan Africa for enhanced patient's perspectives
Authors: Boma Paul Muteb , Ngoy Suzanne Kamin Kisula , Panda Jules Mulefu , Bonnechère Bruno
Published: June 2024

Sickle-cell Disease (SCD) is a major public health problem in Africa, and there are significant obstacles to its comprehensive management, particularly in terms of access to appropriate healthcare. This calls for inventive approaches to improve patients' prospects. Among the major challenges to be met are the primary and secondary prevention of certain serious complications associated with the disease, such as neurocognitive, motor and respiratory functional disorders. This perspective argues for the rapid creation of specific, cost-effective, technology-supported rehabilitation centres to advance SCD care, identify patients at high risk of stroke and implement tailored rehabilitation strategies. The TechnoRehabLab in Lubumbashi illustrates this shift in thinking by using cutting-edge technologies such as virtual reality (VR), serious games and mobile health to create a comprehensive and easily accessible rehabilitation framework. Diagnostic tools used to perform functional assessment can be used to identify cognitive, balance and walking deficits respectively. Transcranial Doppler enables early detection of sickle cell cerebral vasculopathy, making it possible to provide early and appropriate treatment. VR technology and serious games enable effective rehabilitation and cognitive stimulation, which is particularly advantageous for remote or community-based rehabilitation. In the context of African countries where there is a glaring disparity in access to digital resources, the TechnoRehabLab serves as a tangible example, demonstrating the flexibility and accessibility of technology-assisted rehabilitation. This perspective is an urgent call to governments, non-governmental organisations and the international community to allocate resources to the replication and expansion of similar facilities across Africa.
Roadmap for maternal behavior research in domestic dogs: lessons from decades of laboratory rodent work
Authors: Li Ming
Published: June 2024

Maternal behavior research in laboratory rats has revealed important behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms governing the onset, maintenance and decline of maternal behavior. However, the extent to which these mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved across species is less clear. This manuscript proposes that examining these mechanisms in dogs may be a viable approach to test their generality and help bridge the gap between rodent and human research, as domestic dogs show greater individual differences and exhibit more human-like maternal characteristics than rodents. These aspects represent advantages over rodent models, which in turn allow systems biological approaches not available in rodents. Additionally, domestic dogs share similar social environments with humans, suffer from the same mental disorders as humans, and can be treated with the same medications. This paper begins with a summary of key findings and theoretical developments from decades of rat maternal behavior research, followed by a literature review of the extant maternal behavior research on dogs and related methodology, highlighting the unique behavioral characteristics of dog maternal behavior and similarities and differences from rat maternal behavior. Finally, several knowledge gaps in dog maternal behavior research, as well as the future research in this area is discussed. It concludes that research on dog maternal behavior will not only advance our understanding of the universality of the neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms in maternal behavior, but also improve our understanding of risk factors associated with postpartum mental disorders.
Risk Coupling Analysis of Metro Deep Foundation Pit Construction Based on Complex Networks
Authors: Huang Jinyan , Fang Jun , Wang Jingchang
Published: June 2024

The exacerbation of safety risk levels in metro deep foundation pit construction is attributed to the interactive coupling of numerous risk factors. To comprehensively explore the underlying mechanisms of safety incidents, complex network theory is applied to analyze interactions among risk factors systemically. Initially, through the identification of safety risk factors, a risk factor system comprising six primary risk factors and 35 secondary risk factors is established. Subsequently, by utilizing coupling mechanism analysis and complex network theory, a coupling network model of safety risks in metro deep foundation pit construction with 42 nodes and 184 directed edges is constructed, with network topology indicators analysis revealing the evolutionary law of risk coupling. Finally, Python software is employed to simulate the network with single-node, random, and targeted immunization. Key risk factor nodes are identified using network efficiency measurement methods. The results indicate that all risk factors positively influence the connectivity of the coupling network, and the risk-coupling network presents small-world and scale-free characteristics. In comparison with different immunization strategies, targeted immunization is found to be more effective than random immunization, and prioritizing the control of risk factors with a high degree of centrality, such as “violation of operating regulations” and “inadequate safety supervision and hidden danger inspection”, proves more effective in alleviating risk coupling, underscoring the importance of prioritizing control of key risk nodes in the network. These findings provide a scientific basis for risk management and optimization in metro deep foundation pit construction.
Cost-Effective Co-Optimization of RF Process Technology Targeting Performances/Power/Area Enhancements for RF and mmWave Applications
Authors: Kim Sutae , Lee Hyungjin , Jeong Yongchae
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we propose a cost-effective way to tune RF process technology to achieve well-optimized RF and mmWave performances/power/area by tweaking back-end-of-line (BEOL) configurations. This paper suggests that the most favorable altitude is that of an ultra-thick-metal (UTM) layer from the silicon substrate, and the effort also focuses on the calibration of the via height/pitch underneath the UTM to satisfy the least ohmic loss in the interface between the active and passive device components. We implemented a process optimization in a 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) process technology, and the results show performance enhancements on the inductor, achieving a 14.8% quality factor improvement and a 13.1% self-resonance frequency improvement. This paper also showcases how the process optimization boosts 29 GHz LNA performances, with a 31.8% gain in boosting and a 9.1% reduction in noise-figure.
He Whiringa Wainuku: A Weaving of Māori Genealogies in Land, Water, and Memory
Authors: Haami Meri
Published: June 2024

Māori conceptualisations of ancestral environs and its connections to memory often reside in the realm of whakapapa (genealogy) having originated from Papatūānuku and Ranginui (primordial ancestors and gods), their loving embrace, and their eventual separation that carved the space for nourishing lands and waters. These stories of whakapapa were passed down intergenerationally through many Māori creative expressions, including waiata (songs), haka (posture dance), pūrākau (stories), whakataukī (proverbial sayings), ruruku (sequence of incantations), and karakia (prayers). This has resulted in a genealogically and environmentally derived Māori music theory. The disruption of settler-colonialism aimed to sever whakapapa from the memory as being reflected in our ancestral environs and within the hearts of Māori. ‘He Whiringa Wainuku’ refers to the weaving of water elements on earth and sets the imagery for decolonising the interconnections of whakapapa, land, water, and memory through Kaupapa Māori methodologies and Māori creative expressions.
AC-ModNet: Molecular Reverse Design Network Based on Attribute Classification
Authors: Wei Wei , Fang Jun , Yang Ning , Li Qi , Hu Lin , Zhao Lanbo , Han Jie
Published: June 2024

Deep generative models are becoming a tool of choice for exploring the molecular space. One important application area of deep generative models is the reverse design of drug compounds for given attributes (solubility, ease of synthesis, etc.). Although there are many generative models, these models cannot generate specific intervals of attributes. This paper proposes a AC-ModNet model that effectively combines VAE with AC-GAN to generate molecular structures in specific attribute intervals. The AC-ModNet is trained and evaluated using the open 250K ZINC dataset. In comparison with related models, our method performs best in the FCD and Frag model evaluation indicators. Moreover, we prove the AC-ModNet created molecules have potential application value in drug design by comparing and analyzing them with medical records in the PubChem database. The results of this paper will provide a new method for machine learning drug reverse design.
Patristics Confined in a Cocoon: Where Did We Go Wrong?
Authors: Kepreotes Dimitri
Published: June 2024

This article is a personal reflection on the current state of Patristics in Australia, focusing on its debatable effectiveness in both Church and society. It discusses the manner in which the subject of Patristics functions as a specialized subset of knowledge within theological colleges and in a very limited number of universities, meaning that its accessibility is almost exclusively via formal educational providers. The more specialized the mode of delivery becomes, however, the more the role and relevance of Patristics appears to be diminishing over time. While that is not an Australian characteristic alone, the author argues that the purely tertiary nature of Patristic learning today is a feature of the local landscape that ought to be surveyed. As it currently stands, the subject is disconnected from preceding levels of education and indeed from other possible means of popularizing the subject for a broader audience who, otherwise, are not likely to encounter the Church Fathers in any meaningful way. This implies a fundamental question about how such a situation arose in the first place and became part of the status quo. The discussion is broadened through a presentation of certain key features of Patristics in the Eastern tradition.
Artificial Intelligence and the Integration of the Industrial Revolution 6.0 in Ethnomusicology: Demands, Interventions and Implications
Authors: Morales Glinore S. , Perez Mary Leigh Ann C. , Tabuena Almighty C.
Published: June 2024

This paper focuses on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Industrial Revolution 6.0 in ethnomusicology, which is the study of music from diverse cultures. The challenges facing researchers in ethnomusicology necessitate the use of AI, which can aid in analyzing, transcribing, and preserving musical traditions. Furthermore, AI can be utilized to generate new musical compositions that integrate elements from various musical traditions. Meanwhile, the Industrial Revolution 6.0 technologies, such as AI, can facilitate the preservation and distribution of musical traditions, cross-cultural understanding, and new forms of music education through virtual reality and immersive experiences. However, the integration of these technologies also raises concerns about cultural exploitation and the authenticity of musical traditions. This study aims to examine the demands, interventions, and implications of AI and Industrial Revolution 6.0 in ethnomusicology, emphasizing the need for a collaborative and culturally sensitive approach that addresses ethical considerations, handles bias and accuracy, and balances AI with traditional methods of music analysis and interpretation. Ultimately, the study suggests that practitioners and researchers must approach the demands of AI and Industrial Revolution 6.0 with caution, consideration, and a spirit of collaboration in order to realize their potential advantages for ethnomusicology while avoiding ethical and cultural pitfalls.
Patrimonio alimentario y gastronómico, factor de desarrollo local e identidad cultural del cantón Saquisilí, Ecuador
Authors: Benavides Zura Norma Lucia , Rodas Vinueza Daniela Alejandra , Armijos Ango Sara Alejandra
Published: June 2024

El patrimonio alimentario forma parte de la identidad de los habitantes y es un elemento que aporta a la economía local. La gastronomía constituye un factor fundamental para comprender la cultura, historia, tradiciones, técnicas productivas y otros elementos propios de cada territorio. A través de una investigación cualitativa con alcance exploratorio. Se emplearon los métodos analítico-sintético e inductivo, método etnográfico que permite al investigador involucrarse de forma directa para la recolección de la información, y la metodología del Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (INPC). Técnicas como: salidas de campo, mapeo de actores (informantes), entrevistas y observación directa. La revisión bibliográfica fue importante para compilar los elementos históricos, sociales y culturales relacionados. Se registraron: 11 productos agrícolas producidos en el cantón, de los cuales 6 son considerados como patrimoniales por el Ministerio de Cultura desde el 2013 entre nativos y criollos, denominaciones que usa el Ministerio de Agricultura, ganadería, acuacultura y pesca (MAGAP), estos son: maíz, papas, melloco, mashua, oca, cebolla blanca, cebada, trigo, habas y quinua; con base de estos alimentos se identificaron 8 preparaciones: tortillas de maíz, papas con caucara, papas con cuy, runaucho, cauca de maíz, hornado, cocinado y papas con librillo. La cauca de maíz (cotidiano) y el runaucho (festivo) tienen una sensibilidad al cambio alta, esto significa que cada vez la frecuencia de preparación de estos platos disminuye debido a la dinámica social y cultural actual. El 90,67% de la zona rural se ha caracterizado por desarrollar actividades de agricultura, ganadería, y la comercialización en las ferias al aire libre.
Control interno en la gestión financiera de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados municipales
Authors: Pincay Bayas Narcisa Esperanaza , Cedeño Santana Olga , Mendoza Vinces Marcelo Eduardo
Published: June 2024

En la actualidad, los GADs municipales se enfrentan constantemente a dificultades derivadas de inadecuadas gestiones financieras y administrativas y al incorrecto manejo del control interno. Este artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo general analizar el control interno en la gestión administrativa y financiera de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados municipales, tomando como referente el cantón Paján. En el aspecto metodológico, la investigación utilizó un enfoque mixto, aplicando instrumentos de recolección de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, el tipo de investigación fue no experimental, descriptiva y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por todos los ciudadanos que trabajan en el GAD Paján, la muestra fue no probabilística, de tipo intencional, considerando un total de 20 empleados ubicados en las Direcciones financiera y administrativa y el Alcalde del cantón Paján, quedando la muestra distribuida en 17 funcionarios en cargos públicos y 3 en cargos directivos. Las técnicas de recolección de información fueron la encuesta utilizando un cuestionario y la entrevista mediante un guión de entrevistas. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó utilizando la estadística descriptiva para los datos numéricos y el análisis de contenido simple para los datos cualitativos, mediante procesos de   estructuración, categorización y triangulación. Se concluye que en los GADs municipales y en particular en  el GAD Paján, no se aplica un control interno adecuado que permita evaluar correctamente la ejecución del presupuesto.
Programas de capacitación tributaria: aporte al cumplimiento tributario del mercado central del cantón Rocafuerte, Ecuador
Authors: Orozco Albán Karla Lilibeth , Guillen Pinargote Angélica Victoria
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo tiene por finalidad determinar el aporte de los programas de capacitación tributaria del Servicio de Rentas Internas al cumplimiento tributario en los comerciantes del mercado central del cantón Rocafuerte, en Ecuador; durante el período 2020-2022, mediante el examen del tipo de régimen tributario al cual pertenecen, la emisión y entrega de comprobantes de venta autorizados, la periodicidad en la presentación de sus obligaciones tributarias y el grado de complejidad en el acceso al portal web del Servicio de Rentas Internas. Esta investigación fue longitudinal, exploratoria, correlacional y con enfoque cuantitativo de los datos; obteniendo resultados que demuestran que no existe mayor nivel de cumplimiento tributario en aquellos comerciantes de Rocafuerte que participan en los programas de capacitación tributaria que ofrece el Servicio de Rentas Internas. Sin embargo, la existencia de un establecimiento de ayuda contable y tributaria cercano, sumado a capacitaciones presenciales y seguimiento continuo para despertar el interés en los contribuyentes por la cultura tributaria ampliarían el grado de eficacia, eficiencia y discernimiento en el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias de acuerdo a las capacitaciones impartidas.
Diagnóstico integral del sector hotelero de la ciudad de Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Pinoargote García Lola Raquel , Márquez Ortiz Luis Enrique
Published: June 2024

El diagnóstico es una herramienta valiosa para las organizaciones ya que, les permite ser proactivas y adaptarse a las demandas del mercado. Para ser rentable, la industria hotelera de Manabí debe conocer sus capacidades socioculturales, ambientales y económicas y adaptarlas a la demanda de productos y/o servicios en términos de calidad, costo y oportunidad, encaminados hacia escenarios positivos y competitivos; ambientalmente sostenibles. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo diagnosticar de forma integral el sector hotelero de la ciudad de Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador. Para ello, se implementó una metodología estructurada en etapas, la cual se aplicó a un grupo de cinco hoteles en la ciudad de Portoviejo. Utilizando la investigación documental y el método Delphi, se logró una lista de indicadores para medir de forma integral la gestión hotelera en la ciudad de Portoviejo; encontrándose que la mayoría de ellos son eficientes en los aspectos socioculturales, ambientales y económicos; sin embargo, no consideran la certificación hotelera como estrategia de la organización, además, los hoteles con mejor rendimiento multidimensional son los más competitivos a nivel general; concluyendo que la gestión de los hoteles responden a un proceso administrativo integral.
Effect of internet of things on Oman road freight industry: the meditation of perceived utility
Authors: Imran Shahid , Sarbani Nor Bakhriah Binti , Tsikada Charles
Published: June 2024

The expansion of the global supply chain has introduced a multitude of challenges, particularly in road freight transportation. These include extended lead times, high operational expenses, and limited end-to-end visibility. Modern technology must be included in the freight industry to streamline operations and maintain competitiveness. The freight transportation industry is poised for a shift driven by the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things delivers real-time tracking, predictive maintenance, and enhanced security which ushers in a new era for the road transportation industry. Adopting the internet of things will guarantee long-term competitive advantage and future success in a road freight sector. A skills gap remains an obstacle to the successful implementation of the Internet of Things. There has been limited research conducted on the effect of the Internet of Things in the Oman road freight industry. The goal of this study was to document the implementation of Internet of Things and its effect on operational effectiveness through perceived useful in Oman road freight industry. This study used a positivist research philosophy associated with quantitative research. Data was gathered from the five biggest companies in the road freight industry in Oman. A pilot test was conducted to assess the reliability of the research instrument used. A convenience sampling technique was administered to collect data from respondents. A total of 203 structured questions were distributed on-line to workers in road freight sector in Oman. A structural equation modelling was used to analyze the quantitative data in the study. Results show that the adoption of IoT in the road freight sector is a continuous trend. Further findings show that the relationship between IoT and operational effectiveness is partially mediated by perceived usefulness. Improved operational effectiveness is the primary impact of IoT on the road freight sector. Managers are informed that smart sensor technologies can be used with the IoT to allow asset visibility and save operational costs. Future research may explore the financial gains attained through the utilization of IoT within Oman road freight industry.
Green capabilities and procurement practices: paving the way for environmental sustainability
Authors: Imran Shahid , Sarbani Nor Bakhriah Binti , Tsikada Charles
Published: June 2024

The significance of sustainability awareness in society has captured the attention of both scholars and professionals. The pursuit of environmental sustainability has transitioned from an aspiration to an urgent matter. Understanding the interplay between green capabilities and green procurement practices has become key to improving performance.  This study investigated the nexus between green capabilities and the adoption of green procurement practices to improve their collective impact on environmental sustainability. Green capabilities and green purchasing practices were theorized. A conceptual framework was developed to address the sustainability problems in the supply chain. Quantitative research with a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 203 respondents. The unity of analysis was the supply chain professionals working in fast moving markets in Oman. Validity and reliability of data was determined. A structural equation modelling was applied to analyse the data. The results show that the incorporation of green capabilities into green purchasing practices can lead to environmental sustainability. These findings provide supply chain managers with insights into implementing environmentally friendly practices within their respective entities. The government of Oman as a major purchaser of goods and services can lead by example by incorporating green procurement principles into its own procurement processes. Thus, the government can stimulate demand for sustainable goods and encourage private sector adoption of green practices.
Data Scientist Knowledge and Skills Evaluation towards a Data-Driven Research Methodology
Authors: Lu Jing
Published: June 2024

The modern business world increasingly requires a higher level of data science expertise as well as abilities in problem solving and data analytics. Data science is a broad and fast-moving field of methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract insights from data. The University of Winchester has followed the guidance of the Institute for Apprenticeships and Technical Education (IfATE) and worked in partnership with a number of international, national and regional employers in the design and development of its Data Scientist (integrated degree) programme, which leads to a Bachelor’s degree in Data Science. This degree apprenticeship supports students in gaining the knowledge and skills that are in demand by employers today and into the future, where working in multi-disciplinary teams alongside domain experts will often be the norm. IfATE specifies an End-point Assessment (EPA) plan to enable the apprenticeship to be completed in accordance with its Data Scientist degree apprenticeship standard. This paper considers professional practice and competence in data science and links the processes used in completing the EPA with domain-based knowledge and expertise. It reviews representative solution methodologies before demonstrating the applicability of a data-driven research methodology to discover insights and achieve organisational goals.
Design Science for Networks Designing: A Service-Dominant Logic Approach
Authors: Da Silva Agostinho , Cardoso Antonio
Published: June 2024

This research explores the dynamics of coopetition among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) during digital transformation, using Design Science Research (DSR) anchored in Service-Dominant (S-D) Logic. It examines the integration challenges of manufacturing SMEs into digital supply chains, highlighting the critical role of coopetition—a blend of competition and collaboration—in driving sustainable growth in this essential sector. Prompted by a consensus on reducing SME vulnerabilities, the study underscores the need for a resilient framework, especially given an 85% attrition rate in digital networks where only a minority, often supported by giants like Amazon and Microsoft, succeeds long-term. The proposed framework focuses on leveraging technology to enhance SMEs' competitiveness, innovation, and growth. This study contributes to academic discourse by suggesting future research directions, such as defining value creation in coopetition networks and assessing the impact of innovative artefacts, but also reveals the potential of coopetition networks as platforms for mutual value creation. This research enriches scholarly discussions on coopetition in the digital age and offers strategic guidance for SMEs navigating digital transformation, aiming to prepare European SMEs for upcoming challenges and opportunities.
Developing Methods for Assessing the Social Impact of Scientific Study
Authors: Grzeszczyk Tadeusz A.
Published: June 2024

In many countries, there is a need to introduce new or improved existing methods for evaluating the social impact of scientific study on the environment of scientific institutions and universities. It is necessary to apply complex methodological solutions that should consider using research results by the non-academic world. The results of this evaluation are often crucial for building a university's position in national and international rankings. They may influence decisions regarding the level of financing of scientific institutions and the distribution of public funds for subsidies, scholarships, and financial aid concerning research grants. The paper aims to review existing methodological solutions and identify key trends in developing methods for assessing the social impact of scientific study. In this case, the scope of the research was limited to evaluating the study conducted within the field of social sciences. Running such assessments is more complicated than for the technical domain, for which more easily measurable bibliometric indicators and patents are available. The research used quantitative bibliometric analyzes based on the Scopus citation database, supported by bibliometric network analyzes. The results enable the identification of crucial methodological trends, potential opportunities and directions for developing research conducive to improving methods for assessing the social impact of study. Providing an overview of existing knowledge in this field creates a foundation for continuing further research.