bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La mise en œuvre de l'action civile publique environnementale au Brésil
Authors: Machado Paulo Affonso Leme
Published: December 2015

L'action civile publique est une création originale du droit brésilien instituée par une loi du 24 juillet 1985. Son objet est de permettre la défense des intérêts collectifs et diffus devant les juridictions civiles. Elle est réservée au Ministère public, à des organismes publics ainsi qu'aux associations ayant comme objet statutaire la défense de l'environnement et des consommateurs. Après un exposé théorique succinct présentant les grandes lignes de cette procédure, sont évoquées les décisions les plus intéressantes qui ont été rendues. On trouvera en annexe le texte de la loi ayant créé cette action.
Nanostructured surfaces by supramolecular self-assembly of linear oligosilsesquioxanes with biocompatible side groups
Authors: Nowacka Maria , Kowalewska Anna , Makowski Tomasz
Published: December 2015

Linear oligomeric silsesquioxanes with polar side moieties (e.g., carboxylic groups and derivatives of N-acetylcysteine, cysteine hydrochloride or glutathione) can form specific, self-assembled nanostructures when deposited on mica by dip coating. The mechanism of adsorption is based on molecule-to-substrate interactions between carboxylic groups and mica. Intermolecular cross-linking by hydrogen bonds was also observed due to the donor–acceptor character of the functional groups. The texture of supramolecular nanostructures formed by the studied materials on mica was analysed with atomic force microscopy and their specific surface energy was estimated by contact angle measurements. Significant differences in the surface roughness, thickness and the arrangement of macromolecules were noted depending on the kind of functional groups on the side chains. Specific changes in the morphology of the surface layer were observed when mica was primed with a monolayer of small organic compounds (e.g., N-acetylcysteine, citric acid, thioglycolic or acid). The adsorption of both silsesquioxane oligomers and organic primers was confirmed with attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. The observed physiochemical and textural variations in the adsorbed materials correlate with the differences in the chemical structure of the applied oligomers and primers.
Iron complexes of tetramine ligands catalyse allylic hydroxyamination via a nitroso–ene mechanism
Authors: Porter David , Poon Belinda M-L , Rutledge Peter J
Published: December 2015

Iron(II) complexes of the tetradentate amines tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) and N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N,N′-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (BPMEN) are established catalysts of C–O bond formation, oxidising hydrocarbon substrates via hydroxylation, epoxidation and dihydroxylation pathways. Herein we report the capacity of these catalysts to promote C–N bond formation, via allylic amination of alkenes. The combination of N-Boc-hydroxylamine with either FeTPA (1 mol %) or FeBPMEN (10 mol %) converts cyclohexene to the allylic hydroxylamine (tert-butyl cyclohex-2-en-1-yl(hydroxy)carbamate) in moderate yields. Spectroscopic studies and trapping experiments suggest the reaction proceeds via a nitroso–ene mechanism, with involvement of a free N-Boc-nitroso intermediate. Asymmetric induction is not observed using the chiral tetramine ligand (+)-(2R,2′R)-1,1′-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-2,2′-bipyrrolidine ((R,R′)-PDP).
Complex Security Management in the Czech Republic: Starting Point for Upgrading
Authors: Rašek Antonín
Published: December 2015

Our new stance to comprehensive control of security in the international context is based upon the so-called "wider security concept". Despite various definitions,there is the consensus that a national state is not the only security subject, the classical paradigm was extended to other areas, outside military one: political, economy, financial, banking, environmental, and social. They are endorsed by security problems related to technology, energy, raw material sources, ethnical disputes, religion, together with humane rights and cultural aspects. To win the war is easy, to establish peace is difficult. Last but not least, we now have to fight and win the war of public opinion.
President as the Commander-in-Chief
Authors: Koudelka Zdeněk
Published: December 2015

This paper depicts the position of the Czech President as the head of state and the commander-in-chief of the Czech Armed Forces, including his special relation to Defence Minister who actually runs defence department. The President is superior to all members of armed forces of the Czech Republic; the Chief of General Staff is superior to all members of the Army of the Czech Republic.The President formally and officially controls all the military organizations in a country. But we have no tradition of independent of armed deployment in war conflicts. Our forces operated always as a part of higher multinational coalitions, in joined combined groupings, operationally subordinated to friendly, but alien highest command.
Training and Education Simulation Potentials in Logistics
Authors: Hajna Petr , Březovský Zdeněk , Kvapilová Petra
Published: December 2015

With regard to changing external and internal surroundings of MoD and the creation and transfer of IT knowledge, it is necessary in practice to implementimprovements in logistics database and functionality of the so-called Logistics Information System MoD, during the whole cycle of managing, i.e. in the in the areas of sequential management and continuous management functions, depicted in this article. The paper presents results gained from a survey about the knowledge of logistics study models, academic and science projects, in Logistics Department of University of Defence Brno. The purpose of the paper is to compare student's knowledge and ability to adapt new approaches and developments in IT technology, including their capability to contribute in science research projects.
Security Threats from Inside: Scenario
Authors: Rašek Antonín
Published: December 2015

At first, we are familiarised with terms of extremism, Romanies (Gypsies), anarchists, neo-Nazis, then the author introduces possible picture of security situation at the turn of second and third decades of 21st century. He believes that in every country there is a limited ability to integrate ethnic groups by majority. As soon as the limits are exceeded, problems begin. His scenario ends with a pessimistic vision: increasing tensions will ask army deployment, but even local armed forces are not able to enforce law and order, therefore the government must ask for help neighbouring states.
Terrestrial arthropods of Steel Creek, Buffalo National River, Arkansas. I. Select beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionoidea excluding Scolytinae)
Authors: Skvarla Michael , Fisher Danielle , Schnepp Kyle , Dowling Ashley
Published: December 2015

The Ozark Mountains are a region with high endemism and biodiversity, yet few invertebrate inventories have been made and few sites extensively studied. We surveyed a site near Steel Creek Campground, along the Buffalo National River in Arkansas, using twelve trap types – Malaise traps, canopy traps (upper and lower collector), Lindgren multifunnel traps (black, green, and purple), pan traps (blue, purple, red, white, and yellow), and pitfall traps – and Berlese-Tullgren extraction for eight and half months.

We provide collection records of beetle species belonging to eight families collected at the site. Thirty one species represent new state records: (Buprestidae) Actenodes acornis, Agrilus cephalicus, Agrilus ohioensis, Agrilus paracelti, Taphrocerus nicolayi; (Carabidae) Agonum punctiforme, Synuchus impunctatus; (Curculionidae) Acalles clavatus, Acalles minutissimus, Acoptus suturalis, Anthonomus juniperinus, Anametis granulata, Idiostethus subcalvus, Eudociminus mannerheimii, Madarellus undulatus, Magdalis armicollis, Magdalis barbita, Mecinus pascuorum, Myrmex chevrolatii, Myrmex myrmex, Nicentrus lecontei, Otiorhynchus rugosostriatus, Piazorhinus pictus, Phyllotrox ferrugineus, Plocamus hispidulus, Pseudobaris nigrina, Pseudopentarthrum simplex, Rhinoncus pericarpius, Sitona lineatus, Stenoscelis brevis, Tomolips quericola. Additionally, three endemic carabids, two of which are known only from the type series, were collected.
Description of a species of Fabaeformiscandona (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from Kushiro Marsh, Hokkaido, Japan, with the nearly complete mitochondrial genomic sequence
Authors: Hiruta Shimpei , Hiruta Shin-ichi
Published: December 2015

So far, 16 species of non-marine ostracods have been reported from Kushiro Marsh, Kushiro Shitsugen National Park, eastern Hokkaido, Japan (Hiruta and Smith 2001, Smith and Hiruta 2004). Nine of these species are in Candonidae, the second-most diverse family of non-marine ostracods. This family contains ca. 550 species, or around 25% of the total number of non-marine ostracod species (Martens et al. 2008).

We sampled ostracods in Kushiro Marsh on 27 December 2012 and identified an undescribed species in the family Candonidae, herein described as Fabaeformiscandona kushiroensis sp. nov. This species belongs to the F. acuminata species group and is characterized by the shapes of the elongate, dorsally directed medial and outer lobes on the distal end of each hemipenis. We also determined for this species the sequence of the nearly complete mitochondrial genome, the first record from the order Podocopa. The genome (ca. 17 kbp) contains two ribosomal RNA, 22 transfer RNA, and 13 protein-coding genes, as also found in other arthropods for which the mitochondrial genome has been sequenced. The gene arrangement is similar to the pancrustacean ground pattern, except that in the control region there is an approximately 2 kbp tandem repeat region composed of 220-bp motif sequences. We describe the genetic features of the mitochondrial genome, including nucleotide composition and the secondary structures of tRNAs and rRNAs, and compare them with the genome of Vargula hilgendorfii (Myodocopa, Ostracoda).
Utilité du numérique avec les cas-limites
Authors: Tordo Frédéric
Published: December 2015

Nous présentons un aménagement possible du cadre analytique tel qu’il résulte de l’utilisation des technologies numériques avec le patient-limite. Les cinq fonctions assurées par le numérique dans ces cures sont ensuite exposées : présence virtuelle de l’analyste assurant la continuité d’être ; remise en jeu du touchant-touché ; remise en jeu de la double limite ; inscription des traces psychiques ; travail de la virtualisation.
Retrait social et usages du numérique
Authors: Vellut Natacha
Published: December 2015

Les usages du numérique de jeunes français et japonais en retrait social ( hikikomori ) est exploré grâce à l’étude d’entretiens biographiques de recherche. Leurs usages sont divers : ludique, occupationnel, éducatif, socialisant, voire militant si le numérique se constitue en une contre-culture prônant l’anonymat et la liberté d’expression. Le numérique apparaît ambivalent quant à ce retrait social des jeunes, favorisant aussi bien leur sortie que leur installation dans le retrait.
L’ordalie numérique
Authors: Lachance Jocelyn
Published: December 2015

L’article propose d’interroger le concept d’ordalie numérique pour comprendre les diffusions en ligne de certaines vidéos et photos numériques. Jouant le tout pour le tout en publiant des images où ils sont reconnaissables, certains adolescents vont compromettre leur identité sous le regard de la communauté anonyme des internautes, réactivant ainsi une anthropologie de la prise de risque dans les conditions spécifiques du web 2.0 .
États de grâce : les moments Eurêka et la reconnaissance du savoir non-pensé
Authors: Crowthe Catherine , Schmidt Martin , Dattler Anne
Published: December 2015

Cet article traite des états de grâce dans l’analyse. Ceux-ci comprennent un ensemble de phénomènes qui ont en commun l’expérience de quelque chose de reçu ou de révélé plutôt que produit par le moi. Ces événements semblent se produire par hasard plutôt qu’être volontairement produits. Ils suscitent une profonde impression de transformation dans la tonalité de sentiment. La qualité relationnelle de la dyade analytique s’en trouve également enrichie. Certains de ces phénomènes ont été qualifiés d’expériences du soi, synchronicités, moments de rencontre, savoir non-pensé et moments Eurêka . Ce sont des expériences de prise de conscience soudaine, dont émerge une image ou une idée significative qui débouche sur un changement de direction spectaculaire dans l’analyse et une sortie de l’impasse. Les auteurs sont nombreux à décrire ces phénomènes, mais il nous semble qu’une approche jungienne fournit un canevas sur lequel l’ensemble de ces fils peuvent être tissés. Jung nous éclaire beaucoup avec son concept de fonction transcendante et sa compréhension du don de grâce. Nous examinons aussi les conditions favorables à l’expérience de la grâce et la manière dont celles-ci alimentent notre pratique analytique.
Les pré-requis à l’épreuve
Authors: Renard Delphine
Published: December 2015

À travers plusieurs vignettes cliniques, l’auteur questionne la façon dont chaque patient cherche à s’approprier les éléments qui constituent le cadre analytique. L’affermissement de la sécurité du cadre jouera un rôle décisif dans la thérapie d’une patiente borderline. Elle pourra y fixer son angoisse jusque-là envahissante, rendant possible le progrès de son travail.
Période périnatale et épreuves projectives : une revue de la littérature
Authors: Minjollet Pauline , Valente Marina
Published: December 2015

Le présent article propose de faire une revue de la littérature des différentes publications s’étayant sur l’approche projectiviste dans un contexte périnatal. De 1957 à 2014, 28 articles réalisés avec le soutien des outils projectifs (Rorschach et/ou Thematic Apperception Test) soulèvent des pistes de réflexions théoriques et cliniques, non seulement sur la période spécifique de la grossesse, mais aussi sur la dimension pathologique qui peut l’entourer (dépression maternelle, déni de grossesse, etc.).
Au nom de l’efficacité L’évaluation des politiques européennes de développement, un rituel de conformité ?
Authors: Dimier Véronique
Published: December 2015

Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont le service chargé de l’évaluation des politiques de développement s’est institutionnalisé au sein d’une organisation (la DG DEVCO de la Commission européenne) pendant longtemps réfractaire à toute idée d’efficacité. Il analyse les enjeux politiques et organisationnels derrière ce service et ses pratiques Notre hypothèse est que, du fait d’une forte résistance de la part du personnel de la DG DEVCO (et des délégations de l’UE), ces pratiques s’apparentent davantage à un rituel de conformité aux normes de l’efficacité devenues dominantes sur l’agenda des donateurs.
L’idéal démocratique filtré par la théorie sociologique
Authors: Haber Stéphane
Published: December 2015

Résumé Face à la question de la démocratie, la philosophie politique du siècle dernier a souvent été tentée par une certaine emphase maximaliste. Il s’agissait pour elle d’identifier (et de valoriser) le processus historique, la forme institutionnelle ou le genre d’événement qui, seuls, pouvaient se prétendre légitimement démocratiques. En réalité, les éléments démocratiques de la vie sociale, dont on ne peut pas dessiner la forme par avance, surgissent de façon spontanée et aléatoire dans la vie sociale, et ils le font toujours sous une forme imparfaite et non autosuffisante. Une telle conception radicalement pluraliste et anti-essentialiste de la démocratie peut rencontrer les intérêts d’une sociologie qui a appris à orchestrer les thèmes caractéristiques d’une vision non monolithique de la société, dans le sillage de la théorie des champs de Pierre Bourdieu on de l’analyse du système social chez Luhmann. L’interprétation de la nature du néocapitalisme joue alors un rôle décisif.
La durabilité ou l’escamotage du développement durable
Authors: Felli Romain
Published: December 2015

Résumé Plus d’un quart de siècle après la publication du rapport « Brundtland » établissant sur la scène mondiale le « développement durable », et plus de vingt ans après le Sommet de la Terre de Rio qui l’a inscrit dans l’ordre normatif international, cet article fait un bilan contrasté de l’évolution de cette idée politique. À l’unanimisme des années 1990 autour du développement durable, reflet de la sortie de la guerre froide, a succédé une multiplicité de projets politiques alternatifs qui se réfèrent plus ou moins explicitement à sa force normative. Leur point commun néanmoins est de substituer à l’idée de développement durable celle de durabilité. La différence peut sembler minime, mais elle est essentielle car la durabilité évacue la question de la justice sociale globale qui était centrale dans le rapport Brundtland. Ainsi à la vision social-démocrate du développement durable, s’est substitué une durabilité dépolitisée et néolibérale.
Évolution des carrières et des salaires des enseignants chercheurs depuis le plan de revalorisation de 2008. L’exemple de la section 5 du CNU (Sciences Économiques)
Authors: Jobert Thomas
Published: December 2015

Le plan carrière de 2008 a permis une revalorisation des salaires des Maîtres de Conférences nouvellement recrutés ainsi qu’une hausse significative des taux de promotion, ce qui s’est traduit par un nouvel écrasement des hiérarchies salariales pour les enseignants-chercheurs. La reconstitution de la carrière de chacun des professeurs promus de la section 5 sur la période 2009-2014 permet d’appréhender les effets globaux et individuels de cette hausse du nombre de promotions. Au niveau du corps des professeurs, cela a désengorgé la Seconde Classe, et permis une meilleure fluidité pour le passage de la Première Classe à la Classe Exceptionnelle, dont la population a plus que doublé créant un goulot d’étranglement au moment du passage vers le deuxième échelon de la Classe Exceptionnelle. Pour saisir les effets au niveau individuel, nous proposons deux mesures des gains nets obtenus par chacun des professeurs promus. L’analyse démographique des promus montre que ceux récompensés par le CNU sont en moyenne plus jeunes que ceux passant par la voie locale. La dispersion de l’âge des promus CNU varie beaucoup d’une mandature à l’autre.
Mariage pour tous et figures de l’humain
Authors: Arènes Jacques , Deprez Stanislas , Foyer Dominique
Published: December 2015

Le thème des enjeux « anthropologiques » fut souvent évoqué au cours du débat concernant la loi dite du « mariage pour tous », débat qui a mobilisé une partie du corps social en France. Dans une perspective interdisciplinaire (droit, philosophie, psychanalyse, théologie, etc.), les auteurs tentent de situer le statut de l’argument anthropologique quand la production des normes, notamment dans le registre familial, s’édifie dans le tressage complexe des demandes ou revendications individuelles, et de la pression des groupes (aussi bien du côté de l’Église et des religions que de groupes militants « pro » mariage pour tous). L’évolution de l’anthropologie comme discipline académique est interrogée, ainsi que, plus largement, le statut de l’anthropologie au sein de l’épistémè des sciences humaines et du droit. La diffraction des points de vue sur l’humain est soulignée : il n’existerait plus de lieu central où s’élaborent des savoirs communs, mais une bataille dans l’espace public entre de multiples discours et textes normatifs. Les positionnements académiques et d’expertise scientifique s’hybrident et se complexifient : entre l’accompagnement des nouvelles normativités et le désir de participer à leur naissance, la place de l’universitaire devient ambiguë, oscillant entre le positionnement savant et la posture normative.
L’autonomie comme norme attendue, mais une indépendance impossible
Authors: Dubéchot Patrick
Published: December 2015

Le cap des 30 ans est un bon observatoire pour faire le point sur le parcours des jeunes adultes vers l’autonomie et l’indépendance. Dans les années 1980, chercheurs et professionnels de la jeunesse s’interrogent sur l’allongement des limites de cette période de la vie. Les termes de post-adolescence, voire d’adulescence se répandent alors pour caractériser un processus de durabilité des jeunes dans des statuts intermédiaires. En fait, il ne s’agit pas uniquement d’un simple report de l’accès aux attributs de l’âge adulte, au fil du temps, on assiste à une profonde dérégulation des étapes qui y conduisent. Mais au-delà de ce processus bouleversé, c’est aussi la nature des scansions qui pourrait bien avoir été modifiée à travers le développement du principe du « projet » et se traduire par un cheminement complexe de projet en projet (projets de formation, professionnel, d’hébergement, matrimonial, etc.) pour accéder à l’autonomie et peut-être à l’indépendance
Le Foyer de jeunes travailleurs ( fjt ) : un outil d’insertion à valoriser pour les jeunes relevant de la protection de l’enfance ?
Authors: Peintre Carole
Published: December 2015

Chaque année, environ 800 jeunes sous convention avec les services de la protection de l’enfance des conseils départementaux ou des structures habilitées « Aide sociale à l’enfance ( ase ) » sont accueillis dans les Foyers de jeunes travailleurs ( fjt ) gérés par l’ aljt . Le cedias-creai Île-de-France a été missionné par cette association régionale gestionnaire d’une cinquantaine résidences pour l’aider à formaliser les services qu’elle rend à ce public spécifique. Les travaux menés pour ce faire ont abouti plus largement à mieux définir les missions, le rôle et la place de ces structures d’hébergement temporaire dans l’accompagnement des jeunes relevant de la protection de l’enfance.
Modelo de identificación y caracterización de tramos de carreteras sin accidentes (tramos blancos). Aplicación a la red de autopistas de peaje españolas
Authors: De la Peña-González E. , Zaragoza-Ramírez A.
Published: December 2015

El planteamiento tradicional de análisis de la accidentalidad en carretera pasa por la consideración de herramientas paliativas, como son la identificación y gestión de los puntos negros o tramos de concentración de accidentes, o preventivas, como las auditorías o inspecciones de seguridad vial. En este artículo se presenta un complemento a estas herramientas, desde una perspectiva novedosa: la consideración de los tramos donde, bajo unas condiciones similares a las de otros tramos y una similar exposición al riesgo, no se producen accidentes (tramos blancos). Se resume el modelo que se ha calibrado para las autopistas de peaje españolas, identificando los parámetros específicos de la geometría de la vía y del tráfico que más influencia tienen en el hecho de que en algunos tramos de suficiente longitud, no se produzcan accidentes durante un periodo significativo de tiempo: el tráfico de pesados, al ancho de calzada y la velocidad de circulación.
Un marco de relación entre la capacidad de BIM para la práctica de los aparejadores y los resultados del proyecto
Authors: Wong P. F. , Salleh H. , Rahim F. A. M.
Published: December 2015

La industria de la construcción ha sufrido históricamente desviaciones en las mediciones de los materiales empleados frente a las cantidades proyectadas. Los aparejadores juegan un papel clave en este aspecto como responsables de la recepción de materiales. Sin embargo, el trabajo de medición es tedioso hasta el punto de afectar al rendimiento del proyecto. La aplicación del Building Information Modeling (BIM) está logrando mejorar este trabajo. Aun así, su utilización es baja entre los aparejadores debido a la escasa formación recibida sobre las posibilidades del BIM. Esta investigación busca identificar las capacidades del BIM aplicado a la medición de materiales y examinar su relación con el rendimiento del proyecto desarrollando un marco de relación. Mediante encuestas y entrevistas realizadas en Malasia, se obtuvieron datos que revelaron que varias capacidades de BIM se correlacionan de manera significativa con el rendimiento del proyecto. El marco de relación orientará a los aparejadores sobre las capacidades identificadas de BIM para obtener mejores resultados del proyecto.
Accent mark and visual word recognition in Spanish
Authors: Schwab Sandra
Published: December 2015

The present research aims at determining to what extent an orthographic error related to the accent mark affects the visual recognition of Spanish words. For this, we conducted two experiments of visual lexical decision (with no word production), in which Spanish-speaking participants were instructed to ignore the presence or the absence of the accent mark.

Stimuli were composed of words originally without accent mark (OrNA for ‘originally no accent’; Experiment 1) and words originally with an accent mark (OrWA for ‘originally with accent’; Experiments 1 and 2). OrNA words were presented in three conditions: correctly spelled (e.g., dulce ‘sweet’), with an added accent mark on the lexically stressed vowel ( dúlce) and with a misplaced accent mark on the lexically non-stressed vowel ( dulcé). Along the same line, OrWA words were also presented in three conditions: correctly spelled (e.g., lápiz ‘pen’), without the accent mark (lapiz) and with a misplaced accent mark (lapíz).

Taken together, the results showed that the accent mark plays a role in the visual word recognition in Spanish. More specifically, the addition and/or the misplacement of an accent mark significantly slow down the visual recognition of the words, whereas the omission of the accent mark does not. The findings are discussed within the framework of dual-route models.
Acoustic characterization of prepausal fricative rhotics in Peninsular Spanish
Authors: Cicres Jordi , Blecua Beatriz
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study is to present an acoustic characterization of the prepausal rothic consonants produced with a single fricative component in Peninsular Spanish. To this end, four acoustic variables that account for their spectral structure (that is, center of gravity, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) and duration were analyzed. Results were statistically compared to the spectral characteristics of fricative consonants /s/ (with which they share place of articulation) in the same position. The results show significant statistical differences among the five variables, being the center of gravity of the fricatives 2600 Hz higher than the center of gravity of the rhotics. Alveolar fricatives also show higher values for the standard deviation and for the duration. On the contrary, regarding kurtosis and skewness, fricative sounds show lower values. Finally, a correct classification rate over 94% was achieved through linear discriminant analysis taking into account only the center of gravity and skewness as discriminant variables.
New Summer Areas and Mixing of Two Greater Sandhill Crane Populations in the Intermountain West
Authors: Collins Daniel P. , Grisham Blake A. , Conring Courtenay M. , Knetter Jeffrey M. , Conway Warren C. , Carleton Scott A. , Boggie Matthew A.
Published: December 2015

Population delineation throughout the annual life cycle for migratory birds is needed to formulate regional and national management and conservation strategies. Despite being well studied continentally, connectivity of sandhill crane Grus canadensis populations throughout the western portion of their North American range remains poorly described. Our objectives were to 1) use global positioning system satellite transmitter terminals to identify summer distributions for the Lower Colorado River Valley Population of greater sandhill cranes Grus canadensis tabida and 2) determine whether intermingling occurs among any of the western greater sandhill crane populations: Rocky Mountain Population, Lower Colorado River Valley Population, and Central Valley Population. Capture and marking occurred during winter and summer on private lands in California and Idaho as well as on two National Wildlife Refuges: Cibola and Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuges. A majority of marked greater sandhill cranes summered in what is established Lower Colorado River Valley Population breeding areas in northeastern Nevada and southwestern Idaho. A handful of greater sandhill cranes summered outside of traditional breeding areas in west-central Idaho around Cascade Reservoir near Donnelly and Cascade, Idaho. For example, a greater sandhill crane colt captured near Donnelly in July 2014 survived to winter migration and moved south to areas associated with the Rocky Mountain Population. The integration of the greater sandhill crane colt captured near Donnelly provides the first evidence of potential intermingling between the Lower Colorado River Population and Rocky Mountain Population. We suggest continued marking and banding efforts of all three western populations of greater sandhill cranes will accurately delineate population boundaries and connectivity and inform management decisions for the three populations.
« Traiter les corps comme des fagots » Production sociale de l’indifférence en contexte Ebola (Guinée)
Authors: Le Marcis Frédéric
Published: December 2015

Guéckédou, novembre 2014. Sur près de 350 tombes contenues dans le cimetière ouvert spécialement auprès du Centre de Traitement Ebola de MSF Belgique, environ 200 sont anonymes. Alors qu’un nouveau cimetière est ouvert en raison de la saturation du premier, et après huit mois d’enterrements anonymes des défunts, les tombes sont enfin identifiées et un dispositif de géolocalisation a été mis en place afin d’associer le domicile du défunt à sa sépulture. Pourquoi a-t-il fallu attendre si longtemps pour mettre en place un tel dispositif ? A posteriori, les divers acteurs concernés, pour se justifier, invoquent l’urgence, le nombre important de corps à enterrer, l’absence de moyens, l’exemple de la crémation des corps au Liberia, la mobilisation exclusive en faveur des vivants. Quelles sont les logiques de production de cette indifférence à l’enterrement des défunts ? Au-delà des discours de justification invoquant l’urgence et l’exceptionnalité de l’épidémie d’Ebola, en quoi la question du traitement des morts éclaire-t-elle la crise morale et politique de la société guinéenne ? A l’épreuve qu’a constituée l’infection s’est ajoutée celle de l’impossibilité de funérailles adéquates par absence de corps. L’indifférence des élites à la question des funérailles produit finalement les conditions d’une autre épidémie à venir : une épidémie de malheur et d’infortune envoyée par des personnes décédées et non ancestralisées.
A Mapping Sentence Mereology for Understanding the Mobility of International Students
Authors: Koval Erin M. , Hackett Paul M. W. , Schwarzenbach Jessica B.
Published: December 2015

The authors present a flexible framework for the understanding of international student mobility. The framework is in the form of a mapping sentence, which has been found to be useful to assist in the understanding of areas of complex human behavior. The second author has previously proposed a mapping sentence for understanding international students' issues in general. The present mapping sentence adapts this framework and suggests a series of important dimensions along which international students' mobility issues can be understood. The proposed mapping sentence in this chapter does not offer data or results from empirical research. Rather, the mapping sentence is suggested as a theoretical interpretative device that may be used to bring order and insight to extant and future research in this area. The mapping sentence constitutes a guide for researchers to design consistent flexible research tools to address international student veridical mobility experiences.
International Students in Chinese Higher Education
Authors: Hu Claire , Wotipka Christine Min , Wen Wen
Published: December 2015

The authors examine the choices, expectations, and experiences of international students in China, aiming to understand emerging reverse student flows and the role of political, economic and cultural factors in international student mobility. Data were drawn from survey responses by 1674 international students from Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin and North America studying at eight Chinese universities. Findings suggest significant differences among students' choices, experiences, and expectations by their region of origin. In a broader context, this research addresses the important role of developing countries as not only senders but also receivers of international students, and demonstrates ways that political, economic and cultural structures influence international students' choices, experiences and expectations. This research on international education in China contributes to the study of regionalization and internationalization of higher education.
Pre-Departure Cultural Preparation for International Students
Authors: Madden-Dent Tara , Laden Rita M.
Published: December 2015

As international students continue influencing U.S. higher educational systems, greater attention is placed on innovative cross-cultural curriculum as well as international student recruitment and retention policies. To contribute research-based implications for practice, the authors introduces findings from a phenomenological study which examined pre-departure and post-arrival experiences of eastern Asian undergraduate international students who either completed a pre-departure cultural preparation treatment or received the university's standard international student services at a western U.S. research university. This study contributes a new understanding of one pre-departure online cultural preparation treatment that increased cultural knowledge and cross-cultural coping in addition to eastern Asian students' recommendations for U.S. higher education to improve international education's pre-departure and post-arrival processes.
Coronary computed tomography: current role and future perspectives for cardiovascular risk stratification
Authors: Musella Francesca , Formisano Roberto , Mattiello Giacomo , Iardino Elisabetta , Petraglia Laura , Vitagliano Alice , Fabiani Irma , Cirillo Anna Paola , Petito Marta , Perrone-Filardi Pasquale
Published: December 2015

Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The majority of cardiovascular events, more than 50% of CAD deaths, occur in previously asymptomatic individuals at intermediate cardiovascular risk, highlighting the relevance of accurate individual risk assessment to decrease cardiovascular events through more appropriate targeting of preventive measures. In the last decades, the development of non-invasive imaging techniques have prompted interest in imaging of atherosclerosis. Coronary computed tomography provides the opportunity to assess the deposition of calcium in the coronary tree and to non-invasively image coronary vessels. Both information are useful for risk stratification of asymptomatic subjects or of subjects with suspected CAD.
After ACC/AHA and ESC Guidelines Pre-operative cardiological evaluation in non-cardiac surgery: certainties, controversial areas and opportunities for a team approach
Authors: Urbinati Stefano , Faggiano Pompilio , Colivicchi Furio , Riccio Carmine , Abrignani Maurizio Giuseppe , Genovesi-Ebert Alberto , Fattirolli Francesco , De Feo Stefania , Gambetti Simona , Uguccioni Massimo
Published: December 2015

A standardized and evidence-based approach to the cardiological management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery has been recently defined by Task Forces of the American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) that published their guidelines in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Both the recommendations moved from risk indices to a practical, stepwise approach of the patient, which integrates clinical risk factors and test results with the estimated stress of the planned surgical procedure. In the present paper the main topics of the guidelines are discussed, and moreover, emphasis is placed on four controversial issues such as the use of prophylactic coronary revascularization in patients with myocardial ischemia, the perioperative management of patients with congestive heart failure, the routine use of betablockers and statins, and, finally, the management of antiplatelet therapies in patients with coronary stents. In addition to promoting an improvement of immediate perioperative care, the preoperative cardiological evaluation should be a challenge for identifying subjects with enhanced risk of cardiovascular events, who should be treated and monitored during a long-term follow-up.
Cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation for patients with ventricular assist device From exercise therapy to long-term therapy Part II: Long-term therapy
Authors: Pistono Massimo , Corrà Ugo , Gnemmi Marco , Imparato Alessandro , Caruso Roberto , Balestroni Gianluigi , Tarro Genta Franco , Angelino Elisabetta , Giannuzzi Pantaleo
Published: December 2015

Over the years left ventricular assist devices (VADs) have become more durable and reliable, smaller, simpler, easier to implant and more comfortable. The extensive experience now acquired shows successful hospital discharge with VAD use. We are entering an era in which long-term mechanical circulatory support will play an increasing role in the approach to end-stage heart failure (HF); at the same time, the extension of VADs into destination therapy has revealed the limitations of our understanding of these populations. This second paper on cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation for patients with left VADs will deal with the management of patients outside the highly specialized HF centers and surgical setting, with particular focus on postoperative patient management. Outpatient management of VAD patients is time-intensive, and a multidisciplinary approach is ideal in long-term care. Although the new devices have definite advantages over the older pumps, some challenges still remain, i.e. infection, stroke, device thrombosis, gastrointestinal bleeding, recurrent HF symptomatology with or without multisystem organ failure, and occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias.
Statins in the patient with chronic kidney disease and with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Marchetti Valentina , Panichi Vincenzo
Published: December 2015

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Vulnerable personality and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy consequent to emotional stressful events: a clinical case report
Authors: Compare Angelo , Proietti Riccardo , Del Forno Domenico , Vitelli Alessandra , Grieco Alessandra , Maresca Luigi , Giallauria Francesco
Published: December 2015

Introduction: Although the onset of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) can be triggered by an acute, intense emotional stress, the exact pathogenic mechanisms still remain undefined. Presentation: A 58-year-old female was sent by ambulance to the Emergency Department (ED) for chest pain and ST elevations on ECG. Her chest pain began 3 hours before on admission after a domestic argument. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed severe systolic dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 20%. Cardiac catheterization revealed no significant coronary artery disease. The left ventriculogram showed apical ballooning with hyperdynamic proximal segments. A diagnosis of Takotsubo Cardiomyophaty (TTC) was made according to the Mayo Clinic 2008 criteria. The patient evolved with improvement of her condition and, therefore, was discharged from the hospital. Follow-up echocardiogram seven days later showed normal LV size and function with ejection fraction (EF) of 43%. Paykel Life Stress Event Scale identified as emotional trigger a domestic argument occurred 3 hours before symptom onset. History showed a major life stress event, death of a loved one, six months before symptoms. The patient underwent psychological assessment after hospital discharge by Emotional Regulation Questionnaire and BDI showing high suppression/ low reappraisal profile and moderate depression. Conclusion: This case highlights the hypothesis of a possible link between cognitive emotional processing and vulnerability to Takotsubo syndrome.
Advanced COPD patients under Home Mechanical Ventilation and/or Long Term Oxygen Therapy: Italian Healthcare Costs
Authors: Vitacca M. , Bianchi L. , Bazza A. , Clini E.M.
Published: December 2015

Background and Aim. Little information is available on healthcare costs for patients with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of the current work was to evaluate Italian healthcare costs in these patients. Methods. Prospective 1-year analysis was assessed in three subgroups of patients; non-invasively ventilated (n=30); invasively-ventilated (n=12) and on longterm oxygen therapy (n=41). Acute costs for care were a sum of fees for doctor’s consultations, admissions to hospital (ward and intensive care units) and emergency drugs. Chronic costs were the sum of costs for pharmacotherapy and home ventilation and/or oxygen care. Results. Mean cost/day/patient was 96±112€ (range 9-526€), with acute costs accounting for 72% and chronic costs for 28% of the total cost burden, with no significant differences in costs associated with the three subgroups. Acute costs had a non-normal distribution (range 0 to 510€) being cost for hospitalisation the highest cost burden with more than 30% of acute care costs attributed to only a small segment of patients. Chronic care costs were also unevenly distributed among the various groups (ANOVA p=0.006), being home oxygen supply the highest cost burden. Conclusions. The current Health Care System is in urgent need for a reassessment of the high cost burden associated with hospitalisations and home oxygen supply.
Cardiovocal syndrome
Authors: Srinivasan A. , Agarwal R.
Published: December 2015

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Failure of noninvasive prediction of pulmonary hypertension in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Salajka F. , Bartoš V. , Novosad J. , Št'ásek J. , Bis J. , Brtko M. , Polanský P. , Koblížek V. , Sedlák V.
Published: December 2015

Background. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complication connected with unfavorable prognosis. Great efforts have been made in attempting to establish a reliable non-invasive method which would enable detection of this complication. In this context a formula using pulmonary function parameters was published with outstanding results. Methods. We tested the formula in 27 IPF patients who underwent a lung function examination, cardiac ultrasonography and catheterisation on the same day. Results. Pulmonary hypertension was detected by catheterisation in 17 patients (63%). In our group, contrary to the published data, the aforementioned formula was neither useful for detecting patients with a high probability of PH nor as a means of calculating the mean pulmonary artery pressure in individual patients (p=0.502 and p=0.833, respectively). Ultrasound examination reached borderline correlation with the values measured by catheterisation when we compare patients with relevant results (r=0.531, p=0.051). However, the examination gave no usable results in 13 patients (48%). Conclusion. Our data suggests that no reliable, noninvasive method is currently available for detecting and confirming PH in IPF patients. We did not confirm the usefulness of the published formula. Further carefully organised studies will be necessary to verify or refute it.
Chest physiotherapy and breathing exercises for cardiac surgery patients in Sweden - A National survey of practice
Authors: Westerdahl E. , Fagevik Olsén M.
Published: December 2015

Background. Various chest physiotherapy techniques are recommended after cardiac surgery around the world. There is limited published data on what breathing exercises actually are recommended to patients after surgery in Europe. The aim of this national survey was to establish the current practice of chest physiotherapy and breathing exercises for adult patients following cardiac surgery in Sweden. Methods. A postal questionnaire was sent to a total population sample of 33 Swedish physiotherapists working at the departments of cardiothoracic surgery in December 2007 and January 2008. Results. In total, 29 replies (88%) were received. Seven male and twenty two female physiotherapists completed the questionnaire. All physiotherapists instructed, on a regular basis, the cardiac surgery patients to perform post-operative breathing exercises. Positive expiratory pressure (PEP) breathing was routinely used as the first choice for treatment by 22 (83%) of the physiotherapists. Expiratory pressures used varied between 2 and 20 cm H2O. Recommended frequency and duration of the exercises varied from 4 to 30 breaths hourly during the daytime in the first post-operative days. All physiotherapists provided coughing support to the patients. Recommendations to continue breathing exercises after discharge varied from not at all up to 3 months after surgery. Conclusions. Breathing exercises are regularly prescribed during the initial post-operative days after cardiac surgery in Sweden. Hourly deep breathing exercises performed with or without a PEP device were reported to be first choice treatments during the hospital stay. Instructions concerning how long patients should continue the exercises after discharge varied notably.
Instruments and Maintenance
Authors: Lazzari Agli L. , De Caprio M.T. , Trisolini R. , Patelli M.
Published: December 2015

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Preparing of the Patient, Performing Diagnostic Flexible Bronchoscopy and Sampling from the Airways
Authors: Zuccatosta L.
Published: December 2015

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Management of Post-intubation and/or Tracheotomy Tracheal Stenoses
Authors: Foccoli P. , Scappaticci E. , Rea F. , Revello F. , Bezzi M. , Cavaliere S.
Published: December 2015

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Airway Foreign Bodies
Authors: Majori M. , Fecci L. , Monica M. , Casalini A.G.
Published: December 2015

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Clinical profile and outcome of adult Hodgkin lymphoma: Experience from a tertiary care institution
Authors: Maddi Rahul Narayan , Linga Vijay Gandhi , Iyer Kalpathi Krishnamani , Chowdary Joseph Stalin , Gundeti Sadashivudu , Digumarti Raghunadharao , Paul Tara Roshini
Published: December 2015

Treatment and outcome of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are the true success story of modern medicine. The data from the developing countries on long-term outcome of patients with HL is sparse. Aims: Primary objective is to assess the progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary objective are overall survival (OS) and toxicities. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective analysis from the case records from a single institution. Materials and Methods: Institutional Ethical Committee approval was obtained. Between January 1991 and December 2010, 301 patients (age ≥18 years) underwent treatment at our institution. Statistical Analysis: Kaplan-Meyer curves were used to calculate the PFS and OS. Results: The median age at presentation was 36 years, range from 19 to 75 years. The male to female ratio was 2.9:1. Seventy-five percent of patients had B symptoms. Majority presented in advanced stage (Stage III and IV) disease (64.7%). Mixed cellularity (74.4%) was the most common histology, followed by nodular sclerosis (13.9%). The most common chemotherapy regimen used was ABVD (61%). Conclusions: Median follow-up of the cohort was 18.5 months (range 2-225). PFS and OS rate at 5 years is 66.3% and 79.7% respectively.