bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Evaluation of Optimization in Cr and Dr Digital Radiography Systems: A Study with Anthropomorphic Phantom
Authors: S. T. Gomes , S. C. Schwarz, , V. T. Claus
Published: September 2023

Place and Duration of Study: Sample: The experimental optimization study was conducted at a radiology clinic in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil between June 2022 and December 2022.

In this study, we verified the efficiency of two digital radiography image acquisition systems (CR and DR) for a radiographic system.

Methodology: We used an anthropomorphic phantom that represents the anatomy of the pelvis region of an adult patient. For image acquisition and dosimetric measurements, the radiographic system and two clinical use image digitization systems were used, and the dosimetric measurements were obtained through a radiation detector. For optimization of the exam, five different exposure techniques were used. With ImageJ software it was possible to obtain the signal and noise values for image quality (IQ) from regions of interest (ROI) defined in the image anatomy. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated. The percentage deviation (D%) was chosen to compare the readings against the reference technique, which is used by radiology professionals in the clinic for pelvic examination.

Results: The results obtained in this study point out that the DR system offers a constant SNR and a better visualization of tissues at low contrast when compared to the CR system. It was found that by raising the X-ray tube voltage and reducing the current product by time (70 kV and 32 mAs) to (100 kV and 5 mAs) one can optimize the pelvis radiographic examination for DR system, i.e., the KERMA in the incident air (KAR) was reduced from 2.9 mGy to 0.5 mGy (-76.3%) at the patient's pelvis surface. Average dose reduction in organs from 3.07 to 0.94 mGy (-69.5%) in the testes, 0.69 to 0.33 mGy (-52.2%) in the ovaries, 1.20 to 0.51 mGy (-57.3%) in the prostate, 0.14 to 0.07% (-46.4%) mGy in the bone marrow and 35.3% and 62.2% reduction (0.45 to 0.17) mSv the total effective dose of the exam with IQ higher by 11%.
The Roles of Hedonistic Life Perception and Self-Control on Eating Behaviors and Obesity
Authors: Sener Özgür Umut
Published: September 2023

Aims: Two important variables are thought to play important roles in people’s eating habits: self-control and hedonism. The purpose of the study is to understand how and how much individuals’ eating behaviors are affected by their hedonistic lifestyle and their degree of self-control.

Study Design: Quantitative Online Survey.

Place and Duration of Study: 2021-2022, Turkey.

Methodology: There were 138 participants who took the survey, which contained three different scales and a demographic form. The Hedonistic Eating Scale [6], The Mindful Eating Questionnaire [7], and the Brief Self-Control Scale [8] were the scales used.

Results: BMI and self-control were found to be significantly correlated (r =.410, p =.05). The relationship between BMI and hedonistic eating was significant (r =.493, p =.05). There was a significant correlation between hedonistic eating and self-control (r =.531, p =.05). When a multiple regression analysis was conducted, hedonistic eating and self-control scores predicted the BMI score significantly, F (2,133) = 30.98, p =.000. The R2 =.318 and the adjusted R2 =.309, a medium-size effect reported by the model. Self-control and hedonistic eating were found to predict BMI significantly (F (2,133) = 30.983, p =.000) and to account for 31.8 percent of the variation. Including gender in the model explained an additional 15.2 percent of the variation in BMI, which was found to be significant (F (1,132) = 37.847, p =.000).

Conclusion: All three variables (low self-control, high hedonistic eating, and high body mass index) are significantly and positively correlated. Additionally, it was seen that the strength of these variables differed with gender, even though not drastically.
A Comparative Study of the Nutritional Composition, Fatty Acid Profiles and Organoleptic Evaluation of Clarias gariepinus (African Catfish) and Oreochromis nilotius (Nile Tilapia) Raised under Wild and Pond-Cultured Systems
Authors: Anarado Chigozie J. O. , Ekolie Emmanuel , Iziga Chinasa G. , Anarado Charity E. , Eboatu Augustine N.
Published: September 2023

Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus are two important fish species that are widely consumed in many parts of the world. This study investigated the nutritional composition, fatty acid profiles and organoleptic evaluation of these two fish species raised under wild and pond-cultured systems. Five samples each of the species were randomly collected from Ashaka Town, Delta State, Nigeria. The proximate composition was determined using standard AOAC methods. Fatty acid profiles were analyzed using gas chromatography, while organoleptic evaluation was conducted using twenty panelists. C. gariepinus exhibited significantly lower (p<0.05) moisture content (77.76±0.45 and 79.06±0.36) and higher crude fat content (1.75±0.14 and 1.32±0.33) respectively in both wild and pond-cultured species compared to O. niloticus. C. gariepinus had higher protein content than O. niloticus in both wild and pond-cultured species. The carbohydrate content of O. niloticus was significantly higher (p<0.05) than in C. gariepinus, while the ash content of C. gariepinus and O. niloticus was not significantly different (p>0.05). Both species exhibited variations in their fatty acid profiles, with significant differences (p<0.05) observed in the levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). All wild and pond- cultured fish species had the same pattern of fatty acid composition SFAs > PUFAs > MUFAs except wild C. gariepinus with SFAs > MUFAs > PUFAs pattern. Pond-cultured O. niloticus and C. gariepinus had higher total n-3 PUFAs and lower n-6 PUFAs values while wild O. niloticus and C. gariepinus had lower n-3 PUFAs and higher n-6 PUFAs values. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The results indicated significant organoleptic differences (p<0.05) in consumer preference between wild and pond-cultured C. gariepinus, however, O. niloticus was found to be liked similarly regardless of its source (p>0.05). These findings suggest that the type of habitat, fish species and diets have significant impacts on the proximate composition, fatty acid profiles and organoleptic attributes of fishes.
Correlation and Path Analysis for Growth, Yield, Quality and Incidence of Shoot and Fruit Borer in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Gangadhara K. , Abraham Mareen , Verma A. K. , Ashvathama V. H. , Kumar Raj , Yadav Vikas
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted using sixty brinjal genotypes to evaluate yield quality and incidence of shoot and fruit borer with an objective to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis. The majority of the time, genotypic correlations were higher than phenotypic correlations, indicating that the attribute is highly heritable. At the genotypic level, fruit yield per plant significantly correlated positively with the number of fruits per plant, the weight of infested fruit, the girth of fruit, the height of the plant, the number of primary branches per plant, the proportion of medium-styled flowers, the proportion of long-styled flowers, and the length of fruits. It an exhibited significant negative correlation with SFB fruit infestation as well as SFB shoot infestation both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path coefficient revealed that fruits per plant showed a high and positive direct effect on yield followed by fruit weight, long -styled flowers, medium -styled flowers, and days to first harvest. Direct selection for these traits would be rewarding for improvement in the fruit yield per plant.
Genetic Variability Analysis for Growth and Yield Parameters in Cluster Bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) under Rainfed Conditions
Authors: K. Gangadhara , Yadav L. P. , Rao V. V. Appa , Singh A. K. , Verma A. K. , Yadav Vikas
Published: September 2023

The experiment was carried out to study the genetic variability among 56 genotypes of cluster bean at Central Horticultural Experiment Station (ICAR-CIAH), Godhra, Gujarat during the year 2020, 2021 and 2022. Significant inter- genetic differences were recorded for all the plant characters. The highest estimates of genotypic co- efficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic co- efficient of variation (PCV) were observed in case of pod yield per plant (86.50 and 86.30), pods per plant (65.27and 64.98) followed by pod weight (51.34 and 50.90), pods per plant (65.27and 64.98) and pod length (31.14 and 31.00) indicating that a greater amount of genetic variability which allow greater scope for selection in these traits. High heritability was recorded all the character under study viz., for plant height (98.60%), number of pods plant (99.10%), pod length (99.60%), pod girth (95.10%), pod weight (98.40%), days to first flowering (99.30), days to first harvest (95.60) and pod yield per plant (99.60%). High genetic advance as per cent mean was observed for plant height at (31.98%), number of pods per plant (133.30%), pod length (63.88%), pod girth (27.81%), pod weight (104.08%) and pod yield per plant (177.45%) whereas, the moderate genetic advance as  per cent of mean was observed for days to first flower (14.83%) and  days to first harvest (11.38%). Both high heritability (broad sense) and genetic advance were high for pod yield/ plant (99.60% and 177.45%), number of pods/ plant (99.10% and 133.30%) followed by pod weight (98.40% and 104.08%). Such high heritability, followed by such rapid genetic advancement, suggests that selection may be beneficial for such qualities.   High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean traits were under the strong influence by additive gene action and hence simple selection based on phenotypic performance of these traits would be more effective and genetic improvement for these characteristics might be considered.
Bioagents Induced Resistance to Ceratocystis fimbriata in Pomegranate
Authors: Raja  , Sunkad Gururaj , Y. S. Amaresh,
Published: September 2023

Pomegranate is the most important fruit crop consumed in the world. In India the plant is cultivated in almost all agroecological areas, however, yields remain low due to attacks by various pathogens and insects. Among the pathogens, wilt caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata is an important disease and its soil-borne pathogen is difficult to manage. To contribute to the control of this microbial pathogen, the stimulatory effect of the Pomegranate defense system of bioagents in the pomegranate interaction was evaluated. Resistance-inducing rhizobacteria offer an excellent alternative in providing natural, effective, safe, persistent, and durable protection. Plants have endogenous defense mechanisms that can be induced in response to the pathogen and bio-agents. The increased activities of the defense enzymes, viz. peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalamine ammonia lyase (PAL), and phenolic compounds in the bio-agents treated plants of pomegranate challenged with C. fimbriata were recorded in the present studies. The maximum activity of defense enzymes viz., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and total phenol was recorded in diamond (T. viride) followed by T. harzianum (Th-R) and Platinum (P. fluorescens) indicating the role of bio-agents in increasing the role of defense enzymes in suppression of wilt.
Effects and Consequences of Nano Fertilizer Application on Plant Growth and Developments: A Review
Authors: Razauddin  , Ninama Jigyasa , Sachan Kushal , Sulochna  , Yadav Babita , Satapathy Satya Narayan , Kumar Jogendra , Singh Bal Veer
Published: September 2023

Nano fertilizers have emerged as a cutting-edge innovation in agricultural practices, poised to redefine nutrient delivery and management at the plant-soil interface. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects and consequences of nano fertilizer application on plant wellness. The inherent properties of nanoparticles allow for enhanced nutrient absorption, precise delivery, and increased bioavailability, potentially revolutionizing traditional fertilization methods. The results, as evidenced by multiple studies, indicate significant improvements in growth parameters, seed production, and overall plant health. Moreover, plants treated with nano fertilizers have shown heightened resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, while the benefits are promising, concerns arise regarding the ecological persistence of nanoparticles, potential bio-magnification, and implications for human health. A comparative analysis with conventional fertilizers revealed nano fertilizers' superior efficiency, but also brought forth economic considerations and environmental footprints. The current regulatory landscape is dynamic, with policies adapting to the rapid advancements of nanotechnology in agriculture. As research continues to bridge existing gaps, technological advancements are concurrently shaping the future prospects of nano fertilizer application. This review underscores the need for a balanced understanding of the potential and challenges, emphasizing collaborative efforts to harness nano fertilizers' full potential while ensuring ecological and human health safety.
Biosynthesis, Mechanism and Potential Application of Hormones for Mitigating Stress, Conserving Bioactive Constituents in Fruits
Authors: Kumar Amit , Prakash Satya , Pandey Vibhu , Prakash Om , Meena Nirmal Kumar , Kumar Ramdeen , Singh Shalini , Alam Khursheed , Singh Joginder , Shukla Kuldeep Kumar
Published: September 2023

The influence of plant growth regulators, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, jasmonates, and salicylic acid, on fruit crop development and quality enhancement. Various stages of fruit crop growth, such as flowering, fruit set, ripening, and post-harvest attributes, are examined through comprehensive experimental approaches. Auxins play a crucial role in regulating fruit size, shape, and development by facilitating cell elongation. Gibberellins control fruit elongation, seed germination, and fruit set. Cytokinins influence fruit expansion, sugar metabolism, and overall quality by promoting cell division and differentiation. Ethylene affects fruit ripening processes, including color change, softening, and flavor development. Abscisic acid influences fruit maturation and dormancy. Brassinosteroids regulate fruit development, including size, ripening, and tolerance to abiotic stress. Jasmonates and salicylic acid, involved in defense responses, have an impact on fruit ripening, quality, and disease resistance. The application of these regulators shows promise in improving fruit quality, nutritional composition, and shelf life. This study aims to provide valuable insights into fruit crop physiology and develop strategies to optimize productivity and quality. It emphasizes the importance of proper regulation and responsible use of plant growth regulators to address environmental, health, and ecological concerns associated with excessive or improper application. Excessive use of PGRs can lead to various physiological issues, adversely affecting fruit crop productivity and quality. Therefore, careful control of application procedures, dosages, and timing is necessary to ensure fruit crop health and avoid negative consequences.
Effect of Transplanting Dates on the Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivar CR Dhan 307 (Maudamani) in Terai Zone of West Bengal, India
Authors: Pandey Manjil , Bandyopadhyay Pratonu , Mondal Triptesh , Poddar Parthendu
Published: September 2023

Aims: Paddy cultivar, CR Dhan 307 (Maudamani) can enhance paddy productivity due to its heavy panicles and high-density planting adaptability. Date of transplanting is one of the important non-monetary inputs which greatly influence the growth and yield of paddy. The appropriate date of transplanting ensures optimum vegetative growth during the period of satisfactory temperature and solar radiation level. In India, maximum rice farmers are unable to transplant their crop timely, which reduces rice yield significantly and increases total cost of cultivation. This research aimed to study the effect of different dates of paddy transplanting on the performance of CR Dhan 307 (Maudamani) and to find out the optimum date of transplanting in terai zone of West Bengal.

Study Design: Randomized block design with 4 replications.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in rabi season, 2017-18 at the instructional farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal.

Methodology: Five treatments namely transplanting on 2nd January, on 14th January, on 26th January, on 8th February and on 20th February allocated randomly in each replication.

Results: Paddy transplanted on 26th January provided the maximum increment in almost all the growth attributes on all the dates such as no. of tillers m-2 at 90 DAT (252.77), dry matter accumulation at 90 DAT (1595.20 g m-2) etc. and yield attributes such as no. of panicles m-2 (210.64), no. of grains panicle-1 (280.46), no. of filled grains panicle-1 (233.34) etc. vis-à-vis grain productivity (7.59 t ha-1) and harvest index (44.20%). Highest gross return (Rs. 132825.00 ha-1), net return (Rs. 83336.00 ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (2.68:1) as well as the incremental benefit-cost ratio (1.68:1) were obtained from the same treatment.

Conclusion: Paddy transplanting on 26th January can be recommended for the cultivar, CR Dhan 307 (Maudamani) for achieving highest productivity and profitability.
Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies for Grain Yield and Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Saketh T. , Shankar V. Gouri , Srinivas B. , Hari Y.
Published: September 2023

The current research was conducted with an objective to study the correlation between different traits and path coefficient analysis in rice. Four CMS lines were crossed with eight elite restorers in a Line × Tester design and the resultant 32 hybrids were evaluated along with the parents and two checks in a randomized block design with three replications during the rabi season of 2022. The data was collected on 13 quantitative characters. The results revealed that there is a significant variability in the material studied. The character association studies indicated that the trait, grain yield per plant had significant positive genotypic correlation with panicle length, number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, 50% flowering, plant height, kernel length, kernel breadth and head rice recovery. The path analysis studies revealed that panicle length was the major contributor for grain yield per plant followed by plant height, number of grains per panicle, days to 50% flowering, 1000-grain weight, kernel length, number of productive tillers per plant, head rice recovery and kernel breadth. These characters showed direct positive effects for grain yield per plant. The above characters can be used directly as the selection criteria in rice yield improvement programmes.
The Proposed Buys-Ballot Estimates for Multiplicative Model with the Error Variances
Authors: Dozie K. C. N. , Uwaezuoke M. U.
Published: September 2023

This article presents the condition(s) under which the multiplicative model with the error variances best describes the pattern in an observed time series, while comparing it with those of the additive and mixed models.  The method of estimation is based on the periodic, seasonal and overall averages and variances of time series data arranged in a Buys-Ballot table. The method assumes that (1) the underlying distribution of the variable,  X i j ,   i =  1, 2,  ...,  m ,  j  = 1 , 2 ,  ..., s  , under study is normal. (2) the trending curve is linear  (3) the decomposition method is  either additive or multiplicative or mixed. For multiplicative model, the error variance is not known and needs to be estimated with time series data. For additive and mixed models, the error variances are known and assumed to be equal to 1. Result shows that, under the stated assumptions, the seasonal variances of the Buys-Ballot table, for multiplicative model, a function of column ( j ) through the seasonal component  S2j with error variance.
Template Extended Abstract of ACESA
Authors: ACESA ACESA
Published: September 2023

Authors should submit their abstracts by email to: acesa@petra.ac.id. Abstracts should outline the main features, results and conclusions as well as their general significance, and contain relevant references.The Abstract should be written following this template format. Other formats are not accepted.The Abstract must be written in English. The Abstract may include figures, tables, equations and references but must not exceed 2 pages. Please refer to the full paper format for explanations of figures, tables, and references.For any question, please contact the Editor of Advances in Civil Engineering and Sustainable Architecture,E-mail: acesa@petra.ac.id
The Highest and Best Use Analysis and Feasibility Study of Residential Housing in Malang
Authors: Widyanto Denny Stevanus
Published: September 2023

The paper is being reviewed by editors of Achithecture Dimension Journal
Lateral Soil Movement Due To Jack-in Single Pile Installation
Authors: Wijaya Dewi Hindra
Published: September 2023

The paper is being reviewed by 43rd Annual Conference on Deep Foundation - Decision on DIP1205832
Financial Performance of Construction, Property, and Trading Companies Based on Working Capital, Liquidity Ratio, and Profitability Ratio
Authors: Hindradjaja Gracia Gabriella
Published: September 2023

An investor needs to do an analysis to choose the best investment. This decision should be carried out with the right calculation and analysis of the company's performance. This research evaluates financial performance of several companies based on their working capital, liquidity, and profitability. Profitability ratio indicates company’s ability to make a profit. Liquidity ratio indicates company’s ability to pay debt in due date condition. Working investment shows that working capital needed by the company. Profitability and liquidity of the company is determined by financial ratio. This research is focused on investigating financial performances of three types of companies, namely construction, developer, and trade industry. The results of the liquidity and profitability ratios show that developer companies has the best liquidity ratio compared to construction and trading companies. The results of calculation of working capital show that construction companies need the minimal working capital than the other companies.
Magnification Factor in Partial Capacity Design for Multitude Bay Buildings
Authors: Juniawan Andrians
Published: September 2023

Partial capacity design (PCD) is an alternative method to design earthquake-resistant structures. PCD leads to a partial side sway mechanism as its collapse mechanism. Therefore, a magnification factor is applied in designing elastic column (usually perimeter column) in order to make it stronger than the plastic columns. The purpose of this research is to try a proposed magnification factor for buildings with long span. Two concrete buildings located in Surabaya at soft soil, consists of 6- and 10-story, were studied. Each building has 9 spans in the x- and y-directions, each 8 meters in length. The buildings were designed with the same columns dimension. The elastic columns were located in the building perimeter. The buildings were evaluated using non-linear time history analysis which shows that partial side sway mechanism was achieved.
Millennial Generation (Generation Y) in Surabaya Construction Projects: Perspective towards Generation Y Characteristics
Authors: Widjaja Alfonsus Dwiputra
Published: September 2023

Generation Y has important role in construction projects and will dominate the Indonesia demographic bonus period. Each generation has unique characteristics that impact ethics, work relations, attitudes toward change, and organization view. The purpose of this research is to analyze generation Y characteristics in Surabaya construction projects. Understanding its characteristics may maximize the potency and overcome the generation gap. The research begins with finding variables relate to generation Y characteristics. Data analysis is done by descriptive, inferential and factor analyses. According to generation Y, the highest characteristics that they agree is like to develop continuously. Generation Y in consultant and contractor companies has different perspectives toward their characteristics. Generation Y characteristics can be grouped into five groups, namely short-term thinking, creative, multitasking, detailed work instruction, and individualist. Mentoring and guidance is one of the methods that can be done to manage generation Y.
Highest and Best Use Analysis for Landed Houses or Vertical Houses in Kenjeran, Surabaya
Authors: Wibisono Cindy Ellisse
Published: September 2023

East Surabaya is a territory that is developing in infrastructure and located in a tourism area. With a lot of potential vacant land in East Surabaya, the owner of a vacant land at Bulak Kali Tinjang Timur road, Kenjeran plans to build a residential area.. The decision for the best use of alternative plans, can be obtained using the highest and best use (HBU) analysis method. The HBU analysis itself must fulfill 4 criteria, that is, legally permissible, physically possible, financially profitable, and maximum productivity. The alternative planning obtained is two scenarios of landed houses including conventional and clusters concepts, and also two scenarios of vertical houses icnluding vertical houses with basement and without basement. Of the four scenarios, the HBU is vertical houses without basement’s scenarios, which have an annual IRR of 61%, NPV IDR 329,871,606,870, with payback period 24,63 months and discounted payback period 24,81 months
The Setting of Communal Spaces in an Apartment through the Indonesian Architectural Regionalism Approach in Kampung Keputran Pasar Kecil, Surabaya
Authors: Chandra Herson Jaya , Sunaryo Rony Gunawan , Hidayatun Maria Immaculata
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study is to identify the ideal layout of communal spacesin an apartment through the design approach of Indonesian architecturalregionalism in kampung. Kampung Keputran Pasar Kecil in Surabaya is the locusof study. The relocation of the kampung to vertical houses, which are not suitableto the cultural context of life in kampung. This problem then leads to thedisappearace of some places in kampung-lifestyle’s identities and decreases thequality of social and economic life of the apartment’s habitants. Qualitativeanalysis by the identification and reinterpretation of spaces’ and places’ valuesare used as the research methods which the form of elements of spaces and placesrequired, based on the needs of the habitants of kampung; then spacesconceptualizing in accordance to the regionalism context of kampung andauthorized regulations; and design simulation is done based on kampungexistence as the final result of the study.
Well – being Parameter Evaluation for Athlete Homestead in Jakarta
Authors: Loanoto Stephen Yona , Hidayatun Maria Imaculata , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

This research discusses Koen Steemer’s theory of human well-being forathlete village. The sustainability of an athlete village, post-event, proves to be amodern controversy. Architecture often omits the sustainability factor of the athletevillage. As a result, the main question would be “how to design an effective wellbeingathlete village?” where Steemer’s parameters or an enhanced version of it,could be incorporated into Indonesia’s own athlete village. This discussion willutilize the first person phenomenology method. Koen Steemer’s “Seven DesignStrategy” parameter is used to analyze four precedent Olympic Village studiesbetween the years 2004 to 2016. In addition, an interview with an Indonesian“athlete village” specialist was conducted. As a result, an enhanced parameter ofSteemers’s theories is established.
Microalgae as a sustainable facade for occupants’ health: A review
Authors: Hariyanto Livia , Arifin Lilianny Sigit , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Facade as a sustainable strategy can provide energy-efficient solutions. Some designers' knowledge of the sustainable paradigm is incomplete, resulting in façade components that are harmful to occupants' health. The development of facade microalgae can be a sustainable facade solution. The purpose of this study is to examine the microalgae façade with the parameters of Strategies for Sustainable Architecture: Health by Paola Sassi through an analysis of the space comfort and the materials used. The research method is qualitative with a descriptive type of research from previous research articles and journals that discuss the microalgae facade. The results showed that the microalgae facade provides optimal quality of space comfort with materials that decrease pollution. According to the findings, microalgae facades as a sustainable strategy for occupant health and the environment. The microalgae facade as green technology is not only for building performance but also for the health of building occupants.
Studi Metafora Makna dan Ekspresi pada Media Sosial Generasi Z ke dalam Ruang Arsitektur
Authors: Graciela Cindy Fiolita , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Generasi Z hidup dikelilingi teknologi termasuk internet. Kehidupan mereka tidak pernah lepas dari media sosial utamanya dalam bersosialisasi, bekerja, belajar dan mencari hiburan. Desainer dalam mendesain ruang untuk generasi Z, perlu mempelajari media sosial sebagai media utama kehidupan sosial mereka. Artikel ini berdasarkan penelitian studi metafora dari Broadbent untuk mentransformasikan makna dan ekspresi yang ada di media sosial menjadi ruang arsitektur. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kualitatif melalui studi literatur dan kuesioner untuk memahami makna ruang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan ruang arsitektur media sosial yang dibagi menjadi 3 yaitu ruang arsitektur keceriaan, ruang arsitektur publik, dan ruang arsitektur interaksi, yang kesemuanya terkait dengan makna dari media sosial yang dipakai oleh generasi Z.
KRITERIA DESAIN FASAD APARTEMEN DENGAN PENDEKATAN REGIONALISME DI SURABAYA
Authors: Luntungan Terrence Seymour , Kwanda Timoticin , Hariyanto Agus Dwi
Published: September 2023

Fasad adalah elemen yang penting dalam penyampaian fungsi serta makna budaya dimana bangunan itu berdiri. Penerapan fasad yang buruk dapat memburuknya kualitas visual kawasan dan lunturnya identitas. Fenomena tersebut terjadi di seluruh dunia, dimana desain arsitektur yang bergaya internasional menjadi referensi umum dalam merancang bangunan tanpa peduli identitas kawasan dan budayanya. Fenomena tersebut juga terjadi di Surabaya dimana penerapan desain tanpa memperdulikan identitas lokal. Beberapa arsitektur di Surabaya sudah menerapkan desain yang merespon budaya dan identitas lokal, tetapi masih belum ada apartemen di Surabaya yang desain arsitekturnya belum melibatkan budaya dan identitas lokal dalam perancangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik fasad pada sampel bangunan budaya di sekitar eksisting (Surabaya) dan juga sampel bangunan yang lain demi mendukung penelitian ini. Dari karakteristik yang di dapat dari sampel tersebut, diambil karakter pengikat yang dapat dijadikan kriteria desain fasad agar bangunan baru dapat dibangun selaras dan memperkuat identitas kawasan dengan pemikiran regionalisme.
Alternatif Material Absorpsi Akustik Dari Modul Limbah Karton
Authors: Ukalvin Jocelyn Emilia , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan upaya pemanfaatan limbah karton untuk mengurangi banyaknya sampah karton yang dihasilkan akibat banyaknya konsumsi packing dari karton. Daur ulang karton yang dilakukan yaitu dengan memodifikasi material karton menjadi sebuah partisi akustik. Hal ini didasari dari kesadaran para peneliti sebelumnya bahwa karton merupakan material yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi material bangunan dan digunakan untukkebutuhan akustik interior. Pengolahan limbah karton menjadi alternatif material akustik murah sangat dibutuhkan terutama bagi berbagai bangunan yang mencakup berbagai kegiatan dan memerlukan bahan penyerap. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi beberapa tahapan. Untuk tahap pertama yaitu studi literatur, observasi awal, dan pengumpulan data. Tahap selanjutnya adalah melakukan pengetesan berbagai modul karton menggunakan tabung impedansi untuk menemukan koefisien absorpsi dari berbagai modul karton. Hasil penelitian ini berupa data-data koefisien absorpsi dari modul karton sebagai acuan untuk penggunaan dalam ruang.
Bi‐Doped Perovskite for High‐Performance Magnetic‐Optical Applications
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan , Cheng Pengpeng , Zhou Jian , Liu Zehan , Kang Ruyan , Li Xiaoxuan , Zhao Xian , Zhao Jia , Zuo Zhiyuan
Published: January 2025

Perovskite magneto‐optical (MO) materials are widely studied for the preparation of nonreciprocal photonic devices. Specifically, cubic perovskite materials exhibit significant MO effects in the visible light band. It is found that heavy element bismuth (Bi)‐doped MAPbBr3 can enhance spin‐orbit coupling effects and generate defect energy levels. Essentially, this doping increases the probability of electronic transitions and alters the energy of electronic transitions, thereby enhancing the MO effect of perovskite. Here, the optimization approach is investigated for perovskite MO materials and prepare methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) films doped with varying concentrations of Bi ranging from 1–20% using the spray method. The experimental results of the Faraday rotation angle indicate that the 1% Bi‐doped MAPbBr3 film achieved a 61.3% performance improvement compared to the MO material terbium gallium garnet material at a wavelength of 650 nm. Such low‐cost, easy‐to‐prepare, and high‐quality perovskite films provide important insights for designing and fabricating high‐integration nonreciprocal photonic devices.
CHAC1 Mediates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress‐Dependent Ferroptosis in Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Formation
Authors: Dong Caitao , He Ziqi , Liao Wenbiao , Jiang Qinhong , Song Chao , Song Qianlin , Su Xiaozhe , Xiong Yunhe , Wang Yunhan , Meng Lingchao , Yang Sixing
Published: January 2025

The initiation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stone formation is highly likely to stem from injury to the renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) induced by stimulation from an aberrant urinary environment. CHAC1 plays a critical role in stress response mechanisms by regulating glutathione metabolism. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis are demonstrated to be involved in stone formation. This study attempted to elucidate the mechanism of ER stress‐dependent ferroptosis and the role of CHAC1 in CaOx kidney stones. Here, regulating ER stress and CHAC1 expression are performed in in vivo and in vitro stone models. These findings indicated that 4‐Phenylbutyric acid (4‐PBA)treatment and CHAC1 deficiency alleviated the ferroptotic status, including restoring GSH content, suppressing Fe2+ and lipid peroxidation accumulation, as well as regulating ferroptosis‐related proteins. Notably, 4‐PBA treatment and CHAC1 deficiency both attenuated oxidative damage, improved renal function, importantly, decreased crystal deposition. Additionally, ChIP‐seq and ChIP‐qPCR analyses demonstrated that CHAC1 is the vital downstream target gene of ATF4. The results indicated that ATF4 depletion inhibited the upregulation of CHAC1 and pro‐ferroptotic response induced by Ox stimulation. Overall, ATF4/CHAC1 axis mediating ER stress‐dependent ferroptosis may be a promising research direction for identifying potential strategy to prevent and treat CaOx kidney stones.
L‐Aspartic Acid with Dual Functions: An Eco‐Friendly and Affordable Choice to Accelerate High Salinity Brine Utilization
Authors: Mao Suning , Yu Zhen , Chen Jie , Shen Yizhe , Li Minjie , Sun Chen , Lin Xiaoqing , Yang Bin , Chen Tong , Huang Qunxing , Li Xiaodong , Yan Jianhua
Published: January 2025

L‐Aspartic acid (L‐Asp) poses a dual function, which can affect the evaporation and crystallization process of the high‐salinity brine by altering the physical or chemical properties of the salts. MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration) fly ash washing leachate, as a typical high‐salinity brine, is utilized here to validate this hypothesis under the simulation guidance. Since L‐Asp has stronger adsorption energy on the (110) crystal face of CaCO3, L‐Asp can facilitate the preferential growth of more valuable vaterite during the softening process (pretreatment before crystallization). Subsequently, the resulting solution undergoes a stable interfacial solar‐driven crystallization process under the L‐Asp, with a high salt recovery ratio of 0.14 kg m−2 h−1 within 40 h under 1 sun. Finally, to harness the “cradle to grave” full life cycle utilization of washing leachate, the extracted mixed salts are utilized for moisture‐enabled electricity generation. L‐Asp can significantly enhance this process by reducing the critical relative humidity of mixed salts, thereby exhibiting a stable open circuit potential and short‐cut current of ≈ 0.51 V and 10.6 µA within continuous 800 min. In conclusion, this work not only provides innovative approaches for upcycling high‐salinity wastewater but also explores novel applications for L‐Asp.
Biomaterial Surface‐Mediated Macrophages Exert Immunomodulatory Roles by Exosomal CCL2‐Induced Membrane Integrin β1 Trafficking in Recipient Cells
Authors: Zhao Yuyu , Hang Ruiyue , Li Huifei , Sun Yonghua , Yao Runhua , Huang Xiaobo , Zhang Xiangyu , Yao Xiaohong , Wang Huaiyu , Xiao Yin , Huang Di , Han Yong , Wang Xing , Hang Ruiqiang
Published: January 2025

The interaction between biomaterials and immune system is a critical area of research, especially in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A fascinating and less explored aspect involves the immunomodulatory behaviors of macrophage (MΦ)‐derived exosomes induced by biomaterial surfaces. Herein, untreated surface, nanostructured surface, and type I collagen (Col‐I)‐decorated nanostructured surface of titanium implants are chosen to culture MΦs, followed by extraction of MΦ‐derived exosomes and investigation of their immunomodulatory functions and mechanisms. The results show that the exosomes in the untreated group carried plenty of inflammatory cytokines, predominantly C─C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). After targeting recipient cells, the CCL2 on the exosomes can specifically bind to its receptor C─C motif chemokine receptor 2, triggering downstream signaling pathways to induce internalization of membrane integrin β1 and targeted lysosomal degradation, consequently suppressing the functions of recipient cells. In contrast, the exosomes in the nanostructured group, especially Col‐I‐decorated nanostructured group carried few CCL2, moderating their inhibition on the functions of recipient cells. These findings not only clearly show that CCL2 is a key constituent of exosomes involved in the interaction between biomaterials and host immune system, but also potentially a key target for designing advanced biomaterials to promote tissue repair and regeneration.
4‐Octyl Itaconate Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury Through Promoting Angiogenesis via ERK Signaling Activation
Authors: Yang Jiqin , Duan Chenqi , Wang Peng , Zhang Sijia , Gao Yuanqing , Lu Shan , Ji Yong
Published: January 2025

Myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury is a critical complication following revascularization therapy for ischemic heart disease. Itaconate, a macrophage‐derived metabolite, has been implicated in inflammation and metabolic regulation. This study investigates the protective role of itaconate derivatives against IR injury. Using a mice model of IR injury, the impact of 7‐day 4‐Octyl itaconate (4‐OI) administration on cardiac function is assessed. Exogenous administration of 4‐OI significantly reduces myocardial damage, enhances angiogenesis, and alleviates myocardial hypoxia injury during reperfusion. RNA sequencing and molecular docking techniques are used to find the target of itaconate, and changes in cardiac function are observed in Immune‐Responsive Gene1 (IRG1) global knockout mice. In cell culture studies, 4‐OI promotes endothelial cell proliferation and migration, mediated by Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway activation, particularly through Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase (ERK) signaling. Inhibition of ERK blocks these beneficial effects on endothelial cells. Furthermore, itaconate synthesis inhibition worsens myocardial damage, which is mitigated by 4‐OI supplementation. The results indicate that 4‐OI promotes angiogenesis by activating MAPK signaling via FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt1), highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for myocardial IR injury.
Dopamine Drives Feedforward Inhibition to Orexin Feeding System, Mediating Weight Loss Induced by Morphine Addiction
Authors: Li Huiming , Wang Sa , Wang Dan , Li Jiannan , Song Ge , Guo Yongxin , Yin Lu , Tong Tingting , Zhang Haopeng , Dong Hailong
Published: January 2025

Feeding behavior changes induced by opioid addiction significantly contribute to the worsening opioid crisis. Activation of the reward system has shown to provoke binge eating disorder in individuals with opioid use disorder, whereas prolonged opioid exposure leads to weight loss. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these phenomena is essential for addressing this pressing societal issue. This study demonstrates that weight loss resulting from feeding behavior changes during morphine addiction requires the activation of the ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA) system, which suppresses the orexin feeding center. Specifically, DA exerts an inhibitory effect on orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) through a feedforward inhibition mediated by GABA neurons in the LHA, involving D1 receptors (D1R) and T‐type Ca2+ channels. Moreover, the morphine addiction‐induced reduction in body weight and food intake can be reversed by the D1R antagonist SCH23390 and chemogenetic silencing of GABA neurons in the LHA. These findings delineate a neuromodulatory mechanism underlying morphine addiction‐associated feeding behavior changes and weight loss.
Design Principles From Natural Olfaction for Electronic Noses
Authors: Patel Haritosh , Garrido Portilla Vicente , Shneidman Anna V. , Movilli Jacopo , Alvarenga Jack , Dupré Christophe , Aizenberg Michael , Murthy Venkatesh N. , Tropsha Alexander , Aizenberg Joanna
Published: January 2025

Natural olfactory systems possess remarkable sensitivity and precision beyond what is currently achievable by engineered gas sensors. Unlike their artificial counterparts, noses are capable of distinguishing scents associated with mixtures of volatile molecules in complex, typically fluctuating environments and can adapt to changes. This perspective examines the multifaceted biological principles that provide olfactory systems their discriminatory prowess, and how these ideas can be ported to the design of electronic noses for substantial improvements in performance across metrics such as sensitivity and ability to speciate chemical mixtures. The topics examined herein include the fluid dynamics of odorants in natural channels; specificity and kinetics of odorant interactions with olfactory receptors and mucus linings; complex signal processing that spatiotemporally encodes physicochemical properties of odorants; active sampling techniques, like biological sniffing and nose repositioning; biological priming; and molecular chaperoning. Each of these components of natural olfactory systems are systmatically investigated, as to how they have been or can be applied to electronic noses. While not all artificial sensors can employ these strategies simultaneously, integrating a subset of bioinspired principles can address issues like sensitivity, drift, and poor selectivity, offering advancements in many sectors such as environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and disease diagnostics.
Secernin‐2 Stabilizes Histone Methyltransferase KMT2C to Suppress Progression and Confer Therapeutic Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Huang Min‐Ying , Cai Jia‐Yang , Yang Shao‐Ying , Zhao Qian , Shao Zhi‐Min , Zhang Fang‐Lin , Zhang Yin‐Ling , Cao A‐Yong , Li Da‐Qiang
Published: January 2025

Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a difficulty and bottleneck in the clinical treatment of breast cancer due to a lack of effective therapeutic targets. Herein, we first report that secernin 2 (SCRN2), an uncharacterized gene in human cancer, acts as a novel tumor suppressor in TNBC to inhibit cancer progression and enhance therapeutic sensitivity to poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. SCRN2 is downregulated in TNBC through chaperone‐mediated autophagic degradation, and its downregulation is associated with poor patient prognosis. Moreover, SCRN2 impedes the proteasomal degradation of histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) by recruiting Bcl2‐associated athanogene 2 to block the interaction of KMT2C with E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase CHIP. Consistently, SCRN2 transcriptionally activates Bcl2‐modifying factor by amplifying histone H3 monomethylation at lysine 4 at its enhancer, thereby inducing intrinsic apoptosis. Notably, KMT2C knockdown restores the impaired TNBC progression caused by SCRN2 overexpression both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SCRN2 decreases the expression of key DNA repair‐related genes and induces endogenous DNA damage, thus conferring therapeutic sensitivity of TNBC cells to PARP inhibition.   Collectively, these findings identify SCRN2 as a novel suppressor of TNBC, reveal its mechanism of action, and highlight its potential role in TNBC therapy.
Ultrasensitive 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Imaging: From Clinical Monitoring to Molecular Sensing
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Yue Sen , Shen Luyang , Dong Huiling , Li Haidong , Zhao Xiuchao , Guo Qianni , Zhou Xin
Published: January 2025

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone technology in clinical diagnostics and in vivo research, offering unparalleled visualization capabilities. Despite significant advancements in the past century, traditional 1H MRI still faces sensitivity limitations that hinder its further development. To overcome this challenge, hyperpolarization methods have been introduced, disrupting the thermal equilibrium of nuclear spins and leading to an increased proportion of hyperpolarized spins, thereby enhancing sensitivity by hundreds to tens of thousands of times. Among these methods, hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe MRI, also known as ultrasensitive 129Xe MRI, stands out for achieving the highest polarization enhancement and has recently received clinical approval. It effectively tackles the challenge of weak MRI signals from low proton density in the lungs. HP 129Xe MRI is valuable for assessing structural and functional changes in lung physiology during pulmonary disease progression, tracking cells, and detecting target molecules at pico‐molar concentrations. This review summarizes recent developments in HP 129Xe MRI, including its physical principles, manufacturing methods, in vivo characteristics, and diverse applications in biomedical, chemical, and material sciences. In addition, it carefully discusses potential technical improvements and future prospects for enhancing its utility in these fields, further establishing HP 129Xe MRI's importance in advancing medical imaging and research.