bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Biodegradation of Virgin and Weathered Low-density Polyethylene by Proteus andLactobacillus spp.
Authors:   Department of Environmental Health Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri., E. Uwakwe Felicia , I.N Ezejiofor Tobias ,   Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri., E Ogbulie Toochukwu, ,   Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri., A.A. Anyalogbu Ernest ,   Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri.
Published: September 2023

The environmental and public health burdens arising from plastic wastes, and the need to develop an eco-friendlystrategy to manage the wastes prompted this research work. In this study, the role of microorganisms in virgin andweathered low-density polyethylene degradation was investigated. Two (2) bacterial species, Lactobacillus andProteus were isolated from a waste dumpsite in Avu, Owerri West LGA, Imo State, Nigeria. Incubation of thepolyethylene sachets with the test isolates was for 60 days, and their ability to degrade polyethylene was evaluated bymicrobial growth measurement (OD600), changes in the functional groups of the polyethylene (FTIR) and weight lossanalysis. Results revealed the presence of gas bubbles and turbidity of the microbial inoculated culture media. Optical density measurement showed progressive and gradual increase in absorbance, with Lactobacillus sp. recording higher concentrations in both virgin (0.115 – 0.550) and weathered (0.116 – 0.790) polyethylene cultures than Proteus sp. (0.122 – 0.451) and (0.114 – 0.710). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of additional carbonyl, hydroxyl and methylene functional groups in the polyethylene sachets treated with the test isolates (Lactobacillus sp: virgin PE – 10 peaks, weathered PE – 13 peaks; Proteus sp: virgin PE- 7 peaks, weatheredPE – 10 peaks) as against the control (virgin PE – 8 peaks and weathered – 7 peaks). Similarly, weight loss analysesalso revealed higher percentage weight loss in weathered PE than virgin PE, with Lactobacillus sp also recording greater percentages (44% and 32%) than Proteus sp (28% and 22%). These observations were indications of microbial metabolic activities, and the degradation and utilization of the polyethylene by the test organisms as solesource of carbon and energy. It was concluded that Lactobacillus sp. and Proteus sp. have the ability to degradepolyethylene, with Lactobacillus sp. displaying a higher capability, and that weathered polyethylene is moresusceptible to microbial attack than virgin. Keywords: polyethylene, Lactobacillus sp., Proteus sp. biodegradation, microbial isolates
Guatamericans: saber quiénes somos
Authors: Ramírez Morales Axel
Published: September 2023

Constituye un hecho palpable que todo proceso migratorio lleva cultura y regresa algunas pautas tomadas del país receptor. La migración Guatemala-Estados Unidos no es la excepción. De esta manera, al presentarse una considerable migración de indígenas guatemaltecos, ellos se autodenominan como maya-guatemaltecos haciendo énfasis en su origen étnico, aunque algunos jóvenes nacidos en aquel país prefieren denominarse mayas-estadounidenses.
Queso zacazonapan madurado: una tradición con historia
Authors: Colín Navarro Vianey , Sánchez Valdés Jair Jesús , López González Felipe , Estrada Flores Julieta Gertrudis
Published: September 2023

La producción del queso madurado Zacazonapan es parte de las costumbres, tradiciones y formas de vida de la población del municipio, y es un referente de la actividad cultural de la región. Además de que los pobladores consideran al queso como parte de su alimentación, su esencia y producción se ha transmitido de generación en generación, y representa no sólo un ingreso familiar, sino una forma de vida. Por ello, es importante concientizar, enseñar y motivar a las nuevas generaciones a fin de que valoren, conozcan y continúen con esta tradición. Asimismo, la elaboración de este queso es también una actividad que permite que gente foránea (visitantes o turistas) admire y conozca el patrimonio gastronómico, lo que da pie a que se desarrolle el turismo agroecológico, que reditúa económicamente a las familias de la comunidad.
Devela los secretos de la pronunciación francesa: explora GraFon, la app que transforma letras en sonidos
Authors: Blin Béatrice , Rizo Maréchal Mónica
Published: September 2023

El francés ocupa el segundo lugar como lengua extranjera más estudiada en México, después del inglés, abarcando todos los niveles educativos y edades. A pesar de la percepción de su similitud con el español, su pronunciación sigue siendo un reto para los aprendices. En este artículo, se detallan las particularidades lingüísticas del francés que dificultan su pronunciación para los hablantes de español. Luego, se introduce la aplicación móvil GraFon, enmarcada en el aprendizaje de idiomas mediante dispositivos móviles. Esta herramienta innovadora promueve la conciencia grafo-fonológica a través del estudio detallado de la ortografía francesa y una variedad de juegos diseñados con ese fin. De esta manera, el artículo resalta cómo GraFon aborda la complejidad de la pronunciación francesa y ofrece una solución interactiva y didáctica para los estudiantes.
Anemia hemolítica autoinmune desencadenada por SARS-CoV-2. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Cacelín Garza José Ramón , Cacelín Miranda Rafael Sebastián , Cacelín Miranda Ariadna Rosalba , Melendez Ordoñez Jesús Alberto , Rodríguez George Mareria , Temoltzin Jiménez Sergio , Zanjuampa Carreño Everey , de la Cuesta Bermúdez Yuneri Gustavo , Pérez Solís José Antonio
Published: September 2023

Infection by SARS-CoV-2 virus is not solely limited to the common clinical presentation of acute respiratory distress syndrome, mainly because a wide spectrum of clinical manifestation has been observed. These presentations include, but are not limited to, neurological, cardiovascular, thromboembolic, hematologic, and autoimmune presentations. Within this wide spectrum, cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to SARS-CoV-2 infection are rising. This is why primary care physicians should be ready to identify this clinical entity appropriately. Keywords: Hemolytic anemia; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; warm antibodies; cold agglutinins
La estereotipia de José Arnaldo Márquez. El mercado editorial del siglo XIX
Authors: Maggio-Ramírez Matías
Published: September 2023

A partir de las patentes de invención de la estereotipia que presentó José Arnaldo Márquez en Nueva York y en Barcelona, se analizará la representación que hizo del mercado editorial en ellas respecto a los trabajadores del sector y el público lector. En el registro de la Máquina de impresión simultánea para matrices se argumentó que sus ventajas eran que abarataba los costos de impresión, permitía llegar a más lectores y eliminaba las huelgas en los talleres, porque no se necesitaba ser experto para hacer funcionar las maquinarias. Desde la historia de la cultura impresa se puso en relación la tecnología de impresión, el texto y los nuevos públicos para dar cuenta sobre cómo un poeta imaginó cambiar su vida y la de los lectores con la invención de su máquina de imprimir.
Recuerdos y usos políticos de la Guerra de 47 en la prensa del Porfiriato
Authors: Rodríguez Ávila Adán
Published: September 2023

Este artículo es un análisis de la perspectiva de la prensa en torno a la guerra de Estados Unidos contra México. Las publicaciones seleccionadas fueron editadas en el Porfiriato, medio siglo después del conflicto. Se buscó caracterizar los periódicos como fuentes de valor particular sobre el tema y analizar las tendencias de los escritos relacionados con la guerra contenidos en dichas fuentes. Se encontró que las publicaciones simpatizaron con las posturas identificadas en la historiografía previa, pero no se limitaron a secundarlas, sino que actuaron de acuerdo con su contexto político. Sus aportes radican en la recuperación de las conmemoraciones y el uso de la historia para fines políticos, así como en el reconocimiento de la prensa para acercarse a la historiografía.
La presencia de la obra de Antonio de Trueba en México
Authors: Amores Montserrat
Published: September 2023

Estudio de la presencia de la obra del escritor español Antonio de Trueba (1819-1889) en México, con el propósito de aportar datos a la historia cultural mexicana. Se analizan los testimonios sobre el escritor y su obra disponibles en el catálogo de diarios y revistas digitalizados de la Hemeroteca Nacional Digital de México, y en el de la Biblioteca y Hemeroteca nacionales de México, entre 1859 y 1889. Se conforma un corpus con los textos localizados: volúmenes de obras; poesías, cuentos y artículos del escritor; anuncios; noticias y alusiones a su obra; necrologías. El interés de esta investigación pone de manifiesto, por un lado, el trabajo de editores españoles como empresarios culturales y la importancia de estos mediadores para promover el consumo y la circulación de literatura española en la República; por otro lado, el aplauso del conservadurismo a su obra, ya que se presenta como posible modelo a seguir por la nueva literatura mexicana.
Ángel Calderón de la Barca en Washington: pregonero de una intervención europea en México (1853). Cartas de la Colección Istúriz-Bauer
Authors: Figueroa Esquer Raúl
Published: September 2023

A través del análisis de una parte poco explorada de la correspondencia privada que sostenía Ángel Calderón de la Barca, enviado extraordinario y ministro plenipotenciario de España en Washington, con Javier de Istúriz, embajador de España en Londres (conservada en la Colección Istúriz-Bauer en la Real Academia de Historia de Madrid), donde emite opiniones y juicios sobre el gobierno de México encabezado por Antonio López de Santa Anna en su última administración (1853-1855), se comenta y contextualiza su esbozo de planes para una intervención europea en los asuntos mexicanos. Como corolario, una vez nombrado Calderón ministro de Estado en España, se expone el fracaso del proyecto de alianza militar entre este país y México que le fue presentado por Buenaventura Vivó, ministro de México en Madrid.
Publicaciones periódicas femeninas del siglo XIX en México. Relecturas, retornos y nuevos horizontes de investigación
Authors: Infante Vargas Lucrecia
Published: September 2023

La consideración de las publicaciones periódicas femeninas decimonónicas como un registro del pasado ha generado, desde hace medio siglo, numerosas investigaciones que parten de la historia de las mujeres, la crítica literaria y diversas variantes de la historia de la prensa. En las primeras indagaciones predominó el estudio de revistas consideradas precursoras del feminismo en México, y el análisis de los estereotipos y normativas de género inscritas en sus páginas, pero desde hace más de una década, otras perspectivas han ampliado el horizonte hacia distintos ámbitos de la vida social, por ejemplo, la interacción de las tendencias en la vestimenta, el amueblado y la decoración de espacios (documentada en la sección de Modas), con diferentes circuitos de la economía local o continental, así como la impronta que esta sección ha tenido en el proceso de inserción de las mujeres en el ejercicio de la escritura y la cultura impresa. A través de un breve recuento historiográfico, este trabajo ofrece una panorámica general sobre algunos de los nuevos horizontes de indagación.
Semi-Analytical Solution of Natural Convection Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluid With Temperature-Dependent Viscosity In Pipe
Authors: B. I. Obi , S. I. Okorie , J. C. Nlemigwe
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper presents semi-analytical solution of natural convection flow of non-newtonian fluid with temperaturedependent viscosity in pipe. The governing equations were solved using perturbation technique. The results obtained were analyzed for various thermo-solutal parameters involved in the dimensionless equations. Results within the constant viscosity show that increase in these parameters increases the velocity of the fluid flow as well as the temperature of the cylindrical pipe. It is observed that increase in the Reynold’s viscosity indices increases the temperature of the cylindrical pipe greatly.
Development of Creative Problem Solving (CPS)-Based Articulate Storyline Media to Develop Students' Creative Thinking Ability SPLDV Class VIII Material
Authors: Victorio Isya Erlangga  , Baiduri Baiduri , Dintarini Mayang
Published: September 2023

This study aims to develop Articulate Storyline learning media based on Creative Problem Solving (CPS) to develop students' creative thinking skills in grade VIII SPLDV materials in a valid, practical and effective manner. The development model used in this research is the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). This research was conducted on class VIII students of Middle School. The data analysis technique used in this study is the validity, practicality and effectiveness analysis of the media. The results showed that for the acquisition of scores from media experts it was 94% with very valid criteria, then for the acquisition of an average score from material experts it was 100% with very valid criteria, and for the practicality of the media it was obtained from the acquisition of scores from student response questionnaires that were equal to 85.5% with very practical criteria. The use of this media also affects the improvement of students' creative thinking abilities, this can be shown from the results of the N-Gain test that has been carried out, where the score obtained is 0.7541, which is > 0.7 which is included in the high criteria. These results indicate that the developed Articulate Storyline based Creative Problem Solving (CPS) media includes valid, practical and effective criteria for developing students' creative thinking abilities.
Advanced-Level Students’ Understanding of Exponential Equations:
Authors: Mutambara Lillias, Hamufari, Natsai , Tsakeni Maria
Published: September 2023

This paper reports on a study which explored high school students’ conceptual understanding of the techniques of exponential functions. Thirty-one advanced-level students participated in the study. The study used APOS (Action-Process-Object-Schema) theory, a constructivist theory framework, to investigate participants’ conceptual understanding of exponential functions. Activity sheets constructed with tasks based on exponential equations were administered to the participants. The written responses were used to identify participants’ mental constructions of these concepts. Furthermore, interviews were carried out to clarify participants’ written responses. The written responses and interview discussions pointed out that participants exhibited procedural tendencies in exponential functions. Most of the participants could not solve exponential equations, especially the radioactive‑decay functions. In addition, many participants did not have appropriate mental constructions at the process, object and schema levels, since most of them could not coordinate processes and encapsulate them into an object. This paper raises some important implications for mathematics education and further provides applications of genetic decomposition design and modification.
Junior High School Students' Conceptual Understanding of Prerequisite Material in Solving SPLDV Questions in View of Students' Cognitive Style
Authors: Putri Tambunan Anastasya Bella , Utomo Dwi Priyo , Azmi Rizal Dian
Published: September 2023

Understanding of students' mathematical concepts plays a very important role as a factor to support learning activities. In studying a concept students must understand previous mathematical material as a prerequisite material. Students' conceptual understanding of a material can be influenced by several factors, one of them is the cognitive style factor that has different for each student. Different cognitive styles can be seen from the field independent and field dependent cognitive styles. The importance of understanding students' mathematical concepts of a material that is influenced by students' cognitive styles, it is necessary to analyze students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This qualitative research aims to determine students' conceptual understanding of the prerequisite material and its relationship with students' cognitive styles, and the ways students use in solving existing problems. The results in this study showed there was a significant relationship between the cognitive style of each student and the understanding of mathematical concepts towards the prerequisite material. This is because the field independent cognitive style has a good level of conceptual understanding while the field dependent cognitive style has a low level of conceptual understanding, because they have different levels of conceptual understanding so each student has their own way to solve existing problems.
Canonical Correlation in Modeling Short Term Expenditure versus Poverty Levels in Informal Settlements :
Authors: Lusweti Job , Okoth Annette
Published: September 2023

Populations in informal settlements grapple with poor living conditions and inability to access quality education. Expenditure behaviour especially on short term basis is one of the major causes of poverty as majority live from hand to mouth and not in position to provide their children with education. This study applied canonical correlation used in a wide range of disciplines to analyse the relationship between short term expenditure and poverty levels. The main objective was to establish the relationship between short term expenditure and poverty levels among residents of informal settlements, assess the impact of this behaviour on education and propose possible mitigation strategies to the problem. Results indicate that people in informal settlements spend as much as they earn or even more on short term basis. Therefore, they cannot save for projects, invest and educate their children. This keeps the families in unending circus of poverty in all generations.
Development of Flip book-Based Interactive Learning Media to Improving Understanding of Statistical Material Concepts
Authors: Masrifah Siti , Taufik Marhan , Kusumawardana Adi Slamet
Published: September 2023

This study aims to produce learning media that are practical and effective as well as to increase understanding of the concept of statistics material for class VIII students at Junior High School. The research method used the Research & Development (R&D) model with the concept of ADDIE (Analyst, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Data analysis techniques used validity tests, practicality tests, effectiveness tests and statistical tests t tests. The results showed that learning media were stated to be practical and effective based on student assessments with an average practicality result of 3.69 or 92% with very practical qualifications and could be used without revision and effectiveness test results with a value greater than 75% with an effective qualification used for Class VIII students. Furthermore, learning media was stated to be able to increase the understanding of statistical material concepts for Class VIII students which was shown statistically through a t test with a P value of 0.000<alpha 5% so that it was stated that learning media was able to increase students' understanding of statistical concepts.
Literature Study: Overview of Cholinesterase Enzyme Activity in Horticultural Farmers Exposed to Organophosphates and Carbamates
Authors: Lestari Diah , Astutik Yorina
Published: September 2023

Pesticides are chemicals used to control pests and animals that cause damage to crops. Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides have the potential to cause poisoning for humans, including horticultural farmers. Farmers who experience poisoning will experience metabolic disorders of the enzyme cholinesterase in the blood. To determine the activity of the enzyme cholinesterase due to exposure to organophosphates and carbamates can use the Tintometer kit and Spectrophotometer. This scientific paper is made with a literature study method that discusses cholinesterase enzyme activity in horticultural farmers based on internal factors including gender, age, and knowledge then external factors including spraying frequency, working period, use of PPE, and length of spraying. This literature study used 18 journals in the publication year 2013 - 2023. Based on the results of the journal literature review, the danger of pesticide poisoning which results in a decrease in the activity of the enzyme cholinesterase in the blood of farmers will increase the longer farmers are exposed to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. The decrease in cholinesterase enzyme activity in horticultural farmers based on internal factors in farmers with age, gender, and low knowledge level. For external factors, there was a decrease in cholinesterase enzyme activity in farmers with a spraying frequency of >2 times a week, a working period of more than 5 years, farmers who used incomplete PPE and farmers who sprayed pesticides for more than 3 hours per day.
Keywords: Organophosphate, Carbamate, Enzim Cholinesterase
Therapeutic evaluation of Benzimidazole antihelminthic combinations in the treatment of geohelminthiasis among infected children at the Moanda Medical Center in South-east, Gabon
Authors: Ndong Thiéry Mba , Sima Cédric Obiang , Nieguitsila Adelaïde , Nzamba Ulrick , Moudoumi Fael Kondji , Obame Louis Clément Engonga
Published: September 2023

Background: Geohelminthiasis is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. To combat these infections, benzimidazole-based antihelmintics are used in most mass drug administration programs. This study evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of two forms of administration of benzimidazole-based antihelmintics to children with geohelminthiasis at the Moanda. Medical center

Materials and Methods: This retrospective, prospective and comparative study encompassed the periods from February 13, 2022 to September 28, 2022, enrolled children aged 2 to 17 years, diagnosed positive for the main geohelminths by microscopic techniques, at the medical analysis laboratory of the Moanda Medical Center.

Results: 198 children with geohelminthiasis were included in this study.  Using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test with two-sided alternative continuity correction, the level of statistical significance retained was p ≤ 0.05, This study showed that, at control C1, twenty-one days after treatment, the cure rates of participants in group A, against Ascaris and Trichuris were 98% [86-100], 69% [56-79]] respectively, and those in group B, 96% [84-99], and 64% [51-75]. At the C2 control, 42 days after treatment, participants' cure rates were 89% [75-96] and 68% [69-85] respectively for group A, and 96% [84-99] and 68% [55-79] for group B. Irrespective of the combination therapy administered against species such as Strongyloides, hookworms and Oxyure (Enterobius vermicularus), the cure rate was 100% in both controls. Reduction in number of eggs and larvae of these species was also highly significant, at almost 100%, irrespective of group A or B, in both controls. Lowest reduction in number of eggs 45.05% [41.07-49.091], was observed among Trichuris trichiura, during control 2 in group B. The therapeutic combinations administered were satisfactory and well tolerated by the participants in all the regimens implemented, except for Trichuris trichiura where resistance was observed, in participants treated with combination B. The therapeutic combinations administered were satisfactory and well tolerated by the participants, in all the regimens implemented, with the exception of Trichuris trichiura, which showed resistance in participants treated with combination B.

Conclusion: These Benzimidazole-based antihelmintic drugs showed satisfactory efficacy against geohelminthiasis. However, if this scourge is to be eradicated, Trichuris treatment needs to be improved
Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Microspheres of TRAMADOL HCl
Authors: Zodage Kishan , Gurav Lokesh , Ravandale Sandip , Jadhav Harshali
Published: September 2023

This study presents the formulation and evaluation of sustained-release microspheres containing Tramadol HCl. The aim was to achieve prolonged drug release for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and improved patient compliance. The microspheres were prepared using a solvent evaporation method with various combinations of polymers Agar and Pectin. The physical appearance, particle size, drug content, and moisture content were assessed for stability over time. Among the formulations, Batch F7 emerged as a standout candidate, displaying excellent buoyancy and sustained drug release characteristics. Comprehensive evaluations included in vitro drug release studies, kinetic data analysis, and stability assessments over 90 days. The study concludes that the combination of Agar and Pectin polymers in Batch F7 holds significant promise for achieving controlled drug release, suggesting its potential for advanced drug delivery systems.

Keywords: Gastroretentive Floating Microspheres, Tramadol HCl, prolonged drug release, patient compliance
Roles of Herbals in Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicty
Authors: Devi Monika , Verma Kapil Kumar , Kumar Inder
Published: September 2023

In the area of herbal medicine, this has led to a great deal of research and development. In the majority of industrialized and developing nations today, there is a rising need for herbal medicine. The most common form of liver disease varies by country and may be impacted by local factors. Infection with viruses and exposure to specific chemicals are two causes of liver diseases. Herbal medications have the potential to be an effective treatment for liver problems. An extensive review of the literature on hepatoprotective plants clearly shows that herbal medications have significant promise for the treatment of liver ailments. It is difficult to find effective treatments for common liver conditions such as cirrhosis, fatty liver, and chronic hepatitis. There aren't many therapeutic drugs that work well and rarely cause side effects. Few plants can effectively treat liver disorders, so there is a lot of interest in researching the many plant therapies that can help with liver diseases. As a result, we conclude that herbs are an important source of hepatoprotective and liver regeneration drugs. More study is needed, however, to identify, characterize, and standardize the active substances, beneficial compounds, and formulations for the treatment of liver illnesses. The availability of modern hepatoprotective medications with realistic clinical utility is still quite restricted, and the discovery of new compounds with similar potentials will undoubtedly encourage the drug discovery process.

Keywords: Herbal Medicine, Hepatotoxicity, Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant Activities
A Prospective, Observational and Comparative Study of In-Vitro Susceptibility of Isepamicin against Clinical Isolates from Various Clinical Sources (Triple I Study - Isepamicin in India)
Authors: Tyagi Niraj , Ansari Abdul , Chaudhuri Bhaskar Narayan , Tarai Bansidhar , Varaiya Ami , Sundaresan Aarthi
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the in-vitro susceptibility of clinical isolates against Isepamicin and compared it with Gentamicin and Amikacin.
Patients and Methods: In this multicentre prospective study, clinical specimens of patients were collected from three different regions of India. Clinical isolates from urine, intra-abdominal, broncho-alveolar lavage, endotracheal secretion, and sterile blood were included. The E-test was used to quantify the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Isepamicin, Gentamicin, and Amikacin. The percentages of bacterial isolates were categorized as susceptible, intermediate, and resistant according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines as per Comité de l'Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM) recommendation.
Results: A total of 8 different bacterial isolates were collected from 150 clinical samples obtained from 50 patients. Respiratory (63 [42%]) and urine (44 [29.3%]) specimens were the most common sources for bacterial strains. The most identified bacterial isolates were K. pneumoniae (40 [26.6%]) and P. aeruginosa (38 [25%]). Isepamicin was found to be highly effective in urine samples and showed excellent sensitivity against E. coli (93.3%), followed by P. aeruginosa (57.9%) and K. pneumoniae (55.0%). Antimicrobial sensitivity was highest for Isepamicin (60/108 [56%]) at MIC≤1 mg/L and was most effective against Gram-negative bacterial isolates from the intensive care units (ICUs).
Conclusions: Isepamicin could treat E. coli infections and could be an effective therapy in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Moreover, it could also be used as an alternative to Gentamicin and Amikacin against resistant cases.
Keywords: Aminoglycosides, Amikacin, E. coli, Gentamicin, Gram-negative bacteria, Isepamicin.
Simultaneous Estimation of Pregabalin and Etoricoxib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Using RP-HPLC Method
Authors: Hanumanth Vislavath , Ravi Kumar P , Sravya Kaleru , Padmavathi Yenumula , Raghavendra Babu Nayaka , Sowmya Koppera
Published: September 2023

A simple, accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Pregabalin and Etoricoxib in bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Ascentis (C18 150 x 4.8 mm, 2.8m). Mobile phase containing Buffer 0.01N Methanol: Na2HPO4 (0.1%OPA is added to adjust pH 5.4) taken in the ratio 70:30 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1ml/min. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 235nm. Retention time of Pregabalin and Etoricoxib were found to be 2.396 minutes and 2.968 minutes. %RSD of the Pregabalin and Etoricoxib were found to be 1.0 and 1.1 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 99.82% and 99.99% for Pregabalin and Etoricoxib respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Pregabalin and Etoricoxib were 0.27, 0.81 and 0.18, 0.55 respectively. Regression equation of Pregabalin is y=3501.2x+839.82, and y=3696.3x+1383.5 for Etoricoxib. Retention time and run time was decreased, so the method was developed simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test.

Keywords: Pregabalin, Etoricoxib, RP-HPLC, Method validation
Spirulina platensis improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress in fructose-fed rats
Authors: Kougblenou Kounouho R. Adounkpe , Kantati Yendubé T. , Dossou-Yovo Komlan M. , Lawson-Evi Povi , Eklu-Gadegbeku Kwashie
Published: September 2023

Oxidative stress, hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are hallmarks of diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to assess the antidiabetic activity of a local strain of Spirulina platensis produced at Pahou (Benin), known as “Spiruline Dou Bogan” (SPD), in fructose-fed rats.  Glucose metabolism impairment was induced by feeding 8g/kg, body weight (bw), fructose solution orally to Sprague Dawley rats (n = 8) for 56 days, treated with SPD (18.75; 37.5 and 75 mg/kg, bw), and analyzed for plasma blood glucose, serum biochemistry and the markers of oxidative stress (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Reduced glutathione (GSH), DPPH radical scavenging assay. SPD concentrations, given orally for 42 days, significantly reversed the elevations in plasma blood glucose, MDA, and the reduction in kidneys glutathione activity. Oral administration of 18.75, 37.5, and 75 mg/kg doses of SPD also lowered serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT), Triglycerides and Creatinine levels. SPD 75 mg/kg treatment in particular has significantly decreased serum Triglycerides level and increased HDL-Cholesterol levels, reversing the atherogenic potential of 56 days fructose administration. The consumption of S. platensis produced locally in Benin as a food supplement, easily accessible for low-income populations, may be helpful in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Oxidative stress; Spirulina platensis; hyperglycemia; insulin resistance, fructose diet
The ethanol extract of Euphorbia hirta exhibits in vitro antidiabetic potentials by sensitization of the insulin
Authors: Shwetha S , Ramesh C , Pinkey Rawal , Sowmya B. A. , Anns Maria L , Ranjitha C. J.
Published: September 2023

The objective of current investigation was to assess the mechanism of action of Euphorbia hirta for its antidiabetic properties. Materials &Methods: The authenticated leaves of plant Euphorbia hirta were dried and powdered. The powdered drug was defatted with petroleum ether and subjected to ethanol extraction. The ethanol extract of Euphorbia hirta was subjected to preliminary phytochemical investigation. The glucose up takes by rat hemi-diaphragm (skeletal muscle) model was also used evaluate potentials of the ethanol extract of Euphorbia hirta to enhance utilization of the blood glucose by peripheral tissues. The overnight fasted albino rat was sacrificed and dissected to hemidiaphragm. Weighed quantity of skeletal muscle was incubated with glucose in Tyrode solution for 30 mins at 37oC and the amount of glucose utilized by the tissue was determined. Results: The ethanol extract of Euphorbia hirta significantly increased the glucose utilization by skeletal muscle which its shows potency to sensitize the insulin. Conclusion: The results of the presents investigation recommends that, one of the mechanisms of ethanol extract of Euphorbia hirta for antidiabetic activity is reduction of insulin resistance.
Methanolic and ethanolic phytochemical screening of Sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.) rhizome
Authors: Sharma Leihaothabam Dinendra , Khan Md Riyajuddin , Devi Angom Kikim
Published: September 2023

Acorus calamus is a medicinal plant with several ethno-medicinal properties. The present study was carried to screen the presence of major phytochemical groups. Phytochemical screening of methanolic and ethanolic rhizome extract showed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenolic compound, protein, amino acid flavanoids and tannins. The total phenolic content in methanolic and ethanolic rhizome extracts in terms of gallic acid equivalent was 4.77.50 and 7.5 mg/g of extract powder respectively whereas the total flavonoid content of methanolic and ethanolic extract was 12.02 and 12.89 mg QE/g of extract respectively. Total antioxidant activity was found highest in ethanol extract (75.6 µg AAE/mg of extract) than methanol extract (37.2 µg AAE/mg of extract). Reducing power is also found highest in ethanol extract than methanol extract.

Keywords: Acorus calamus, phytochemical screening, methanol, ethanol.
Design of PLC control system for cascading tanks controlling
Authors: Varga Martin , Sincak Peter Jan , Merva Tomas , Virgala Ivan , Mikova Lubica , Prada Erik , Kelemen Michal
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the design of a PLC control system for controlling cascade tanks in the technological process of liquid mixing. The mixing process is carried out automatically according to information from individual sensors. The system also includes elements for manual control of the technological system. A human machine interface system was designed to operate the system. The simulation showed the correctness of the designed system.
An overview of the kinematics and workspace of robots with different structures
Authors: Delyova Ingrid , Hroncova Darina , Frankovsky Peter , Sivak Peter
Published: September 2023

Robotics is gaining an important place in many areas of industrial production nowadays. With the growing number of robots in production, we are coming to the solution of various tasks to ensure their optimal activity when handling objects or during other technological activities. These are tasks such as planning its movement, planning the robot's trajectory, navigation and tracking the movement of the end member. In this article, we will deal with the issue of robot workspace structures and determining the robot workspace of a specific robot model.
Assessing the effects of terrorism on female health outcomes: Evidence from sub-Saharan African countries
Authors:   Rauf Denktaş University, Turkey, Fofack Achille Dargaud , Olowu Gbolahan ,   Cyprus International University, Turkey, Sarumi Olakunle Olusola ,   World Health Organization
Published: September 2023

This paper aims at assessing the effects of terrorism on a range of female health outcomes in 20 sub‐Saharan African countries between 2002 and 2018. A causality test is implemented to find out if terrorism causes a deterioration in female health outcomes. Additionally, regression analysis is used to assess the impact of terrorism on female health outcomes after con‐ trolling for female education, seats held by women in parliament, average income, military expenditure, political stability, and the incidence of malaria. The causality analysis shows that terrorism is directly altering female health through its impact on mortality outcomes while its impact on the other dimensions of female health is indirect or uncertain. The regression analysis reveals that terrorism has a positive, significant, and robust impact on the lifetime risk of maternal death and the maternal mortality ratio meanwhile its effects on the fertility rate, the proportion of women living with HIV, and life expectancy are not significant. The findings suggest that African governments could improve female health outcomes by altering the root causes of terrorism with policies promoting the rule of law, ethnic and religious diversity, inclusive political dialogue, checks and balances, and strong political institutions.
Producción de nanocelulosa a partir de rastrojo de piña y raquis de palma africana
Authors: Vargas Mesén Jairo , Rodríguez Mora Karina , Jirón García Eddy , Bernal Samaniego Cesar
Published: September 2023

Introducción: La nanocelulosa, la forma nanométrica de la celulosa, puede ser producida mediante diversos métodos, incluyendo tratamientos químicos, ruptura física o ambos. Los residuos agroindustriales, como el raquis de aceite de palma y el rastrojo de piña, suelen usarse como combustible o para compostaje en las plantaciones. Sin embargo, no se utilizan para productos de mayor valor agregado. Objetivo: Producir nanofibras de celulosa a partir de sistemas de baja energía y bajos requerimientos de insumos. Métodos: Caracterizamos químicamente el rastrojo de piña y el raquis de aceite de palma africana y los sometimos a degradación química y tratamientos mecánicos para obtener nanofibras de celulosa. Degradamos las fibras con ácido acético (HOAc) y las caracterizamos con microscopía visible, microscopía de fluorescencia, espectroscopía infrarroja, difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de transmisión. Resultados: Las hojas de piña y los raquis de aceite de palma africana presentaron contenidos de celulosa de 35,8 ± 0,5% y 17,9 ± 0,1%, respectivamente. Obtuvimos nanofibras con espesores de 40nm y 10,8nm. Conclusión: El método híbrido de tratamiento químico y ruptura mecánica resultó exitoso en la obtención de nanocelulosa fibrilar utilizando reactivos de baja concentración.
Right ventricular diverticulum diagnosed by agitated saline contrast echocardiography: Case series and review
Authors: ZHANG He zhan , Wang Runlan , Liang Chongxiao , Fu Qihang , Xu Hui
Published: September 2023

Right ventricular diverticulum is a very rare form of congenital heart
disease. In this article, we present two patients with right ventricular
diverticulum diagnosed by applying two-dimensional echocardiography in
combination with right heart acoustic imaging and confirmed by
lung-enhanced CT or cardiac-enhanced MRI.
Prenatal features and postnatal follow-up of congenital ventricular outpouching： a retrospective study of two center in China.
Authors: Zhao Bowen , Fang Yanchun , Pan Yihong , Shen Liping , Luo Ting , Xu Weiming , Tao Shuangshuang , He Hailing
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Congenital ventricular outpouching (CVO) is a rare
cardiac malformation that can manifest as congenital ventricular
aneurysm (CVA) and/or congenital ventricular diverticula (CVD). In this
study, we describe the prenatal features and postnatal follow-up of 27
cases of CVO. Methods: The clinical data of 27 patients with
CVO who attended Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to the Medical
College of Zhejiang University (Zhejiang Province, China) and Taizhou
Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University
(Zhejiang Province, China) from April 2013 to October 2022 were
retrospectively analyzed. The patients were also followed up by
telephone. The prenatal characteristics and postnatal outcomes of the
patients with CVO were evaluated. Results: CVO was detected in
26 cases prenatally,, 14 (51.85%) were diagnosed with CVA, 9 (33.33%)
were diagnosed with CVD, 3 (11.11%) were equivocal for CVA/CVD, and 1
(3.70%) was detected with CVA postnatally. Six patients underwent
follow-up fetal echocardiography approximately 4 weeks after the initial
echocardiography examination, and a significant difference in CVO size
was observed between the two examinations ( P = 0.02). Eight
patients (29.63%) demonstrated cardiovascular dysfunction, and the
median CVO size in fetuses with and without cardiovascular dysfunction
was 205 (range: 169–396) mm and 124 (range:
92–154.5) mm , respectively ( P = 0.01).
Eight patients (29.63%) had cardiac/extracardiac defects. Thirteen
patients were live born, 12 were terminated pregnancies, and 2 were lost
to follow-up. The postpartum size of the CVOs remained stable in six
patients, decreased in two patients, dissolved in three patients, and
were surgically removed in two patients. With the exception of one
patient with CVA complicated with complex congenital cardiac
malformation who underwent surgical treatment after birth and who had
postoperative left ventricular dysfunction (Case 1), the prognosis of
all of the patients was good. Conclusion: Most cases of fetal
CVO have typical echocardiographic manifestations of CVA or CVD, while
some cases manifest as a mixture of the two. The size of fetal CVO can
increase with the increase in gestational age. The occurrence of
cardiovascular dysfunction is related to the CVO size. Prenatal
echocardiography should examine changes in CVOs and the occurrence of
cardiovascular dysfunction. In general, the postpartum prognosis of
fetal CVO is good.
Research on system architecture for small-scale personalization production lines based on Industrial Internet
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu jiaming
Published: September 2023

The rapid development of Industrial Internet has brought new changes to
the system architecture for industrial manufacturing. This paper
proposes a system architecture applicable to small-scale personalization
production lines, the key of which is a three-layer architecture with
the Internet layer, data layer, and field control layer, in which the
user’s requirements for personalization product are transmitted from the
Internet to the production line and the production equipment realizes
the personalized production of products by motion control. This system
architecture for production lines integrates Industrial Internet and
smart manufacturing technologies, which reduces the complexity of the
enterprise system architecture and increases the flexibility of the
system compared to mass personalization production systems. The system
architecture has been proven in a flexible production line for yogurt
filling and can lay the foundation for the trans-formation of industrial
manufacturing to a personalization production.
Call for a critical review of widespread use of animal tracking devices
Authors: Arrondo Eneko , Garcia Juan Manuel Perez
Published: September 2023

Animal tracking has undergone a technological revolution providing
insight into biological details that were impossible to address until
now. However, the increasing ease of access to tracking devices
(biologgers) may lead to trivializing this technology. Consequently,
many projects may not extract as much scientific knowledge as possible
and neglect the ethical duties towards the tagged animals. Here we
demonstrate this process of trivialization empirically on a local and
global scale and propose some guidelines to avoid it.
Chocolate Viscosity – Revisit on the NCA/CMA Method
Authors: Liu Linsen
Published: September 2023

The National Confectionery Association (NCA) and the Chocolate
Manufacturers Association (CMA) jointly developed a method for measuring
the yield value and plastic viscosity of chocolates. The NCA/CMA method
covers details including sample preparation, viscometer calibration,
viscosity measurement, yield value and plastic viscosity calculation.
The author recently had an opportunity to closely evaluate this method
and has encountered a few issues in its application. After extensive
research, the author concludes that the method has mistakenly introduced
three parameters including a value, K value, and Xcorr factor. Those
values are not only unnecessary but also may introduce artificial errors
particularly in calculating the yield value of chocolate. This article
shares those findings and intends to inspire more discussion to further
improve the NCA/CMA method for viscosity.
Physical Insights from the Multidecadal Prediction of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Variability Using Explainable Neural Networks
Authors: Liu Glenn Yu-zu , Wang Peidong , Kwon Young-Oh
Published: September 2023

North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (NASST), particularly in the
subpolar region, are among the most predictable locations in the world’s
oceans. However, the relative importance of atmospheric and oceanic
controls on their variability at multidecadal timescales remain
uncertain. Neural networks (NNs) are trained to examine the relative
importance of oceanic and atmospheric predictors in predicting the NASST
state in the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1). In the presence of
external forcings, oceanic predictors outperform atmospheric predictors,
persistence, and random chance baselines out to 25-year leadtimes.
Layer-wise relevance propagation is used to unveil the sources of
predictability, and reveal that NNs consistently rely upon the Gulf
Stream-North Atlantic Current region for accurate predictions.
Additionally, CESM1-trained NNs do not need additional transfer learning
to successfully predict the phasing of multidecadal variability in an
observational dataset, suggesting consistency in physical processes
driving NASST variability between CESM1 and observations.
The Effect of Flood Exposure on Insurance Adoption among US Households
Authors: Choi June , Diffenbaugh Noah S. , Burke Marshall
Published: September 2023

Despite increasing exposure to flooding and associated financial
damages, estimates suggest more than two-thirds of flood-exposed
properties are currently uninsured. This low adoption rate could
undermine the climate resilience of communities and weaken the financial
solvency of the United States National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
We study whether repeated exposure to flood events, especially
disaster-scale floods expected to become more frequent in a warming
climate, could spur insurance adoption. Using improved estimates of
residential insurance take-up in locations where such insurance is
voluntary, and exploiting variation in the frequency and severity of
flood events over time, we quantify how flood events impact local
insurance demand. We find that a flood disaster declaration in a given
year increases the take-up rate of insurance by 7% in the following
year, but the effect diminishes in subsequent years and is gone after
five years. This effect is more short-lived in counties in inland states
that do not border the Gulf and Atlantic coasts. The effect of a flood
on takeup is substantially larger if there was also a flood in the
previous year. We also find that recent disasters are more salient for
homeowners whose primary residences are exposed to a disaster
declaration compared to non-primary residences. Our results provide a
more comprehensive understanding of the salience effect of flooding on
insurance demand compared to previous studies. Overall, these findings
suggest that relying on households to self-adapt to increasing flood
risks in a changing climate is insufficient for closing the insurance
protection gap.