bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre os passos do samba e o compasso da ditadura
Authors: Paranhos Adalberto
Published: January 2022

Uma mesma canção, calcada no binômio letra e música, admite distintas leituras associadas a diversas constelações de sentido. Ela não é um objeto inerte, congelado no tempo e no espaço, cristalizado a ponto de mostrar-se impermeável a flutuações e a migrações de significado. Conforme as performances vocais, instrumentais, visuais que informam e conformam as canções, elas, em determinadas circunstâncias, podem vir a significar algo sequer imaginado pelos seus autores, configurando uma dança dos sentidos. Isso se aplica igualmente à análise de realidades históricas específicas. Um mesmo objeto – no caso, as relações entretecidas entre o “Estado Novo” e a área da música popular – é passível de ser apreendido sob diferentes prismas analíticos, na dependência, em grande medida, dos aportes teóricos e dos métodos de investigação a que nos agarramos como âncoras para levar adiante nossas pesquisas. Sob essa perspectiva, hábitos monológicos não são, nem de longe, bússolas confiáveis quando procuramos dar conta do caráter dialético das relações políticas e dos artefatos musicais. É disso que trata este texto ao pisar e repisar, uma vez mais, o chão muito batido da ditadura estado-novista para surpreender a existência de práticas discursivas que colocam em xeque certos pressupostos tradicionais da historiografia largamente disseminada sobre o período. Afinal, para além de colecionarem silêncios e/ou de se recolherem ao papel de câmaras de eco da “palavra estatal”, outras vozes, destoantes ou dissonantes, se fizeram ouvir também na época, apesar da censura que pesava sobre elas, asfixiando-as.
Open Inertia Modelling (OpInMod) - An Open Source Approach to Model Economic Inertia Dispatch in Power Systems
Authors: Thiesen Henning
Published: January 2022

Open Inertia Modelling (OpInMod) is a modelling framework designed to create unit commitment and economic inertia dispatch optimisation problems. Present energy system modelling generators do not consider power system inertia in unit commitment and economic dispatch modelling to assess future energy system pathways. However, maintaining sufficient power system inertia in power systems is the foundation for power frequency controllability. The work at hand describes the functionality and approaches of open source tool OpInMod. The softwares universal design approach increases reuse potential. OpInMod is distributed with a set of examples to test and understand OpInMod
Dynamical Feedback Control: Motor Cortex as an Optimal Feedback Controller Based on Neural Dynamics
Authors: Versteeg Christopher , Miller Lee
Published: January 2022

Primates have an unparalleled ability to produce a wide range of dexterous movements, each sensitive to context and robust to perturbation. Recent progress in understanding the neural basis of movement generation comes from two largely independent ideas, “Optimal Feedback Control” and “Neural Dynamical Systems”. The optimal control framework was largely inspired by research programs from the ‘80s showing that the brain doesn’t seem to plan a simple desired movement trajectory, but instead produces movements by transforming sensory information into motor output that satisfies an optimality criterion. The more recent idea that the motor cortex acts as a dynamical system came about only as it became possible to analyze large numbers of simultaneously recorded single neurons. These two framings of the motor system have been largely incommensurate, neither able to contribute much to the understanding of the other. In this review, we reconcile these two views into a single model we call “Dynamical Feedback Control”. We propose that the dynamics in the motor cortex emerge from a sensorimotor transformation that couples the motor cortex to sensory input from the periphery, and to contextual inputs from other cortical and subcortical areas. Dynamics in motor cortex can be thought to approximate gains of a feedback controller, and by moving the neural state to different regions of state space, the motor system can rapidly alternate between different controllers. The DFC framework presents a new lens to interpret neural dynamics, and to understand how ensembles of neurons generate flexible and responsive patterns of muscle activity.
Термомеханические эффекты радиационного происхождения в изделиях микроэлектроники
Authors: Волков Юрий Александрович , Volkov Yurii Aleksandrovich , Выростков Михаил Юрьевич , Vyrostkov Mikhail Yur'evich , Марков Михаил Борисович , Markov Mikhail Borisovich , Тараканов Илья Алексеевич , Tarakanov Il'ya Alekseevich
Published: January 2022

Представлена математическая модель термомеханического воздействия проникающего излучения на изделие микроэлектроники. Модель основана на уравнениях термоупругости, которые являются следствием квантовых кинетических уравнений для фононов. Перенос тепла описан законом сохранения энергии и уравнением Каттанео, которое учитывает конечность скорости распространение тепла. Колебания решетки рассмотрены в приближении линейной теории упругости. В целом модель определяет распределение температуры, потока энергии, деформации и напряжения. Разработаны разностные схемы для решения уравнений модели. Эффективность разработанной модели проверена путем решения задачи о термоударе.
Pengaruh Locus of Control, Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Spiritual At Work Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Darmawan Akhmad , Bagis Fatmah , Anggraini Intan Anggun Puspita
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of locus of control, transformational leadership and spiritual work on employee performance (Case study on employees of Perum Perhutani KPH East Banyumas). The population of 145 people who are employees of the production division of Perum KPH Banyumas Timur and the sample used in this study amounted to 145 samples. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method. The research used a questionnaire. The results of this study are based on data analysis using multiple linear regression test and coefficient of determination test. 1.Locus Of Control, transformasional leadership and work spiritually have a simultaneous effect on perfomance perum perhutani KPH east Banyumas. 2.Locus Of Control has a significant effect on performance perum perhutani KPH  east Banyumas. 3.significant transformational leadership to words performance perum perhutani KPH east Banyumas. 4.work spiritual have a significant effect on performance perum perhutani KPH east Banyumas.
Penggunaan Kolase Karir Sebagai Intervensi Terapi Untuk Pengambilan Keputusan Karir Siswa SMK
Authors: Wahyuningsih Diana Dewi , Nugraha Imam Setya
Published: January 2022

Use of Career Collage as a Therapeutic Intervention for Career Decision Making for Vocational High School Students. This study aims to investigate the use of career collage as a therapeutic intervention for career decision making in vocational high school students. This research belongs to the type of library research, namely, by recording all findings and combining all findings, either theory or new findings about career collage, analyzing all findings from various readings and providing critical ideas about career collage as a therapeutic intervention for decision making. student career. The results showed that career collage is a series of activities designed by counselors through the creation of a vision board as part of students' self-expression strategies to build self-identity. Using a cognitive social career theory framework, to promote identity exploration, increase self-efficacy beliefs and the development of career aspirations.
Keywords: Career Collage; Therapeutic Interventions; Career Decision Making
Persepsi Anggota Non Muslim Terhadap Pemasaran Syariah di KSPPS Ki Ageng Pandanaran Semarang
Authors: Sa'diyah Siti Rofik Atus , Rokhman Wahibur
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi anggota non muslim terhadap pemasaran Islam yang diterapkan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan pembiayaan Syariah (KSPPS) Ki Ageng Pandanaran Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif.  Sumber data penelitian ini wawancara dengan lima  anggota non muslim yang menggunakan berbagai produk jasa dan nara sumber dari dua orang pengelola  KSPPS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemasaran Islam sangat mendorong minat masyarakat non muslim dalam bergabung menjadi anggota. Pemasaran Islam yang ditawarkan antara lain: kesuaian produk-produk yang ditawarkan dengan kebutuhan anggota,  akad yang diterapkan secara terbuka dan adil, sikap jujur, transparan, serta  memberikan pelayanan yang baik di KSPPS Ki Ageng Pandanaran Semarang. Penelitian ini memiliki kontribusi praktis bagi manajerial lembaga keuangan mikro syariah dalam memperluas pasar tidak hanya dari kalangan muslim tetapi juga non muslim.
The Impact of The Management of Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah on the Social-Based Program of the Sumedang Sehat based on Social Return on Investment (SROI) (Case Study of BAZNAS Sumedang Regency)
Authors: Allawi Aditia Rahman , Wibowo Hendro
Published: January 2022

Various programs have been presented for the distribution of zakat, donations, and shadaqah that have been collected. The purpose of zakat, infaq, and shadaqah is not only to help the poor related to consumptive things, but it also has a permanent goal, that is to alleviate poverty. One goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the first of the 17 goals and 169 targets,  specifically ending poverty in any form and anywhere. In addition, there are still benefits from zakat, donations, and alms for mustahics, including the health sector. The Sumedang Sehat program is a BAZNAS program in the Sumedang Regency in the health sector. As one program established and funded by BAZNAS Sumedang District, the Sumedang Sehat program requires evidence of the impact and how much impact it has on the program in order to be transparent about the zakat, infaq, and alms funds that have been distributed. This study aims to calculate the impact of a BAZNAS program, namely the Sumedang Sehat program, using social return on investment (SROI). The results of this study showed an SROI ratio of 51.22:1. Every IDR 1 invested resulted in IDR 51.22, which benefits both economically, socially, and environmentally. This means that the Sumedang Sehat program has provided benefits 51.22 times greater than the value of the invested input.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 22.01.2022 г. по 28.01.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Сафронов Валентин , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: January 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ циркуляции геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вы-зывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 22.01.2022 г. по 28.01.2022 г.
Current Situation in the Struggle against Novel Coronavirus Infection (Covid-19)
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey., Aktas Gulali
Published: January 2022

The lives of billions in the world have become to change by the end of 2019, almost two years ago, after novel coronavirus (Covid-19) infection emerged in Wuhan, China. Covid-19 caused about 33 millions of infection and 1000040 deaths worldwide within 10 months of the pandemic [1]. By December 18th of 2021, number of the infected subjects and deaths rose up to 274 million and 5364119, respectively [2]. Despite its devastating effect on human life, not even a single drug has shown significant enough efficacy against Covid-19 to change the course of the pandemic. However, some new agents and repurposed drugs were able to show efficacy to some extent. In the past 2 years, we have noticed that many Covid-19 cases have actually recovered without any treatment other than general measures. Indeed, most young and middle-aged people survive the disease mildly, yet the disease can be severe in people with advanced age and who have significant additional comorbidities. That’s why, one of the most important things to do while waiting for the pandemic to end is to take and maintain measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19 in societies. Nevertheless, as the outbreak progressed, we began to consider Covid-19-related deaths as ordinary. Unfortunately, we also loosen the tight measures to control the disease.
CARACTERÍSTICAS QUÍMICAS DO SOLO E AVALIAÇÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL EM ÁREA DE INFLUÊNCIA DO LIXÃO DE CASTANHAL – PA
Authors: Manfredo Soares Larissa , Da Costa Barbosa Ivan Carlos , Mendonça dos Santos Santos Ayslla , Maciel da Silva Emerson Renato , Monteiro Neto Albertino
Published: January 2022

O solo tem sido um dos principais recursos naturais afetados pelo mau gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos, o que impacta diretamente em sua qualidade e produtividade, devido às alterações sofridas em suas características físicas, químicas e biológicas. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar os atributos químicos do solo nos arredores do lixão de Castanhal (PA) de acordo com a sazonalidade e declividade da área, bem como entender a dinâmica ambiental e socioeconômica do local. Para isso, coletou-se amostras de solo em três pontos próximos ao lixão e em um ponto de referência em área de vegetação afastado do mesmo, considerando a diferença percentual de declividade na área escolhida, nos meses de março e outubro de 2018. Além disso, para coletar dados de características ambientais, foi aplicado um formulário de avaliação ambiental elaborado com base no questionário da metodologia MESMIS. Os resultados mostraram a influência do lixão nas características do solo quando comparados aos da área de referência. A diferença de declividade entre os pontos não foi um fator significativo para os resultados, e simas condições ambientais destes. Diferente dos pontos próximos ao lixão, o ponto de referência apresentou, entre outras características, solos mais escuros e com boa cobertura, presença de horizonte O, alta atividade biológica e ausência de erosão, o que contribuiu para que apresentasse melhores teores de cátions trocáveis, matériaorgânica e CTC, quando comparado aos outros pontos. Com relação à sazonalidade, poucos parâmetros apresentaram diferença significativa.
Acquired Haemophilia in A Old Patient with Non Small Lung Cancer: A Case Report.
Authors: Dulcetti Antonio , Bruscia Clara , Malena D.M. , Benvenuto Roberta , Martocchia Antonio , Sentimetale Alberto , Tafaro Laura , Rocchietti massimiliano March , Martelletti Paolo
Published: January 2022

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII and characterized by spontaneous hemorrhage in patients with no previous family or personal history of bleeding. We report here a case of AHA occured in the department of Medicina D’Urgenza in Sant’Andrea Hospital in a patinet with previous diagnosis of NSLC.
Detecting Nestedness in City Parks for Urban Biodiversity Conservation
Authors: Chen Rui-Qi , Cheng Su-Ting
Published: January 2022

Urbanization has been a global phenomenon producing great environmental and ecological challenges including species composition shifts in urban areas. To evaluate the interaction networks of the inhabitant metacommunities in urban parks, we applied the nestedness analysis using ecological survey data of birds, reptiles, frogs, and butterflies among 16 parks in the Taipei city of Taiwan, and identified critical environmental factors for biodiversity conservation. Results found significant nestedness of the metacommunities among these parks, which indicated strong interaction networks and the importance of urban parks for sustaining these metacommunities. In addition, results showed that area of parks and area of trees were critical elements for the nested structure. However, abundant bird generalists were found to be highly related to the area of buildings within parks, distance to forests, rivers, and the neighboring parks. Moreover, the exotic species were found to affect the interaction networks of native species; yet reptiles and frogs were appeared to be more easily threatened by land development and habitat fragmentation due to their lower mobility. In this regard, we suggest that conservation action should focus on preserving green space with large areas and constructing the green corridors, creating crucial elements, and increasing the vertical complexity in the parks for various mobility level species. We also recommend to controlling the introduction of the exotic species and retaining healthy interactions and connections of metacommunities for effective biodiversity conservation in urban areas.
Immune-related matrisomes are potential biomarkers to predict the prognosis and immune microenvironment of glioma patients through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification
Authors: Jiang Xiaobing , Yu Hao , Wang Minjie , Wang Xuan
Published: January 2022

Background The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a vital role in the progression and metastasis of glioma and is an important part of the tumor microenvironment. However, there are few studies on the overall role of the ECM in the glioma immune microenvironment. This study aimed to analyze the prognosis of matrisomes in patients with glioma. MethodsOverall, 676 glioma patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were divided into the low, moderate, and high immune infiltration groups. Immune-related matrisomes differentially expressed among the three groups were analyzed, and a risk signature was established. Eight immune-related matrisomes were screened, namely, LIF, LOX, MMP9, S100A4, SRPX2, SLIT1, SMOC1, and TIMP1. Kaplan Meier analysis, operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and nomogram were constructed to analyze the relationships between risk signatures and the prognosis of glioma patients.ResultsThe risk signature was significantly correlated with the overall survival (OS) of glioma patients. Both high- and low-risk signatures were also associated with some immune checkpoints. In addition, analysis of somatic mutations and anti-PD1/L1 immunotherapy responses in the high- and low-risk groups showed that the high-risk group had worse prognosis and a higher response to anti-PD1/L1 immunotherapy. qPCR and immunohistochemical analysis showed that LIF, LOX, MMP9, S100A4, SRPX2 and TIMP1 were highly expressed in glioma, while SLITI1 and SMOC1 were low expressed in glioma.ConclusionsMatrisomes play a vital role in the complex immune microenvironment of gliomas. Our analysis of immune-related matrisomes can improve understanding of the characteristics of the glioma immune microenvironment and provide important clues for glioma immunotherapy in the future.
Adipose stem cell-derived exosomes exert a synergic anti-inflammatory effect with glucocorticoids and override their detrimental effects on rotator cuff tendons
Authors: Zhao Jinzhong , Zhang Xuancheng , Li Ang , Han Kang , Zhang He , Huangfu Xiaoqiao , Huang Jinghuan , Jiang Jia
Published: January 2022

Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) injections are commonly used to relieve pain and improve function in patients with multiple shoulder disability, they cause detrimental effects on the rotator cuff tendons. Adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ASC-Exos) reportedly recover impaired tendon matrix metabolism by maintaining tissue homeostasis. It is unclear whether additional ASC-Exos treatment overrides the detrimental effects of GCs without interfering with their anti-inflammatory effects.Methods: The in vitro studies included inflammatory analysis and cytoprotective analysis. In the inflammatory analysis, rat raw cells were treated with saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos and evaluated regarding cellular proliferation, migration, and secretion of inflammatory-related cytokines. In the cytoprotective analysis, rat tenocytes were treated with saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos and evaluated regarding cellular proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of tenocytic genes. In the in vivo studies, a subacromial injection of saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos was performed in a chronic injured-intact rotator cuff rat model. Histological and biomechanical analysis were performed 1 week to evaluate the protective effect of ASC-Exos against GCs-induced detriments on injured-intact in rotator cuffs.Results: In the in vitro inflammatory analysis, GCs treatment significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in raw cells, and increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines; additional ASC-Exos treatment further significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, while restoring GCs-suppressed cellular proliferation and migration. In the in vitro cytoprotective analysis, GCs treatment significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and transcription of tenocytic matrix molecules of tenocytes, and significantly increased their senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of ROS and tenocytic degradative enzymes; additional ASC-Exos treatment significantly improved the GCs-suppressed cellular proliferation, migration, and transcription of tenocytic matrix molecules, transcription of tenocytic degradative enzyme inhibitors, and significantly decreased the GCs-induced cell senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of ROS and tenocytic degradative enzymes. In the in vivo studies, an additional ASC-Exos injection restored the impaired histological and biomechanical properties owing to GCs administration.Conclusion: ASC-Exos may exert a stronger anti-inflammatory effect in combination with GCs, and override their detrimental effects on the rotator cuff.
Quality Assessment of Regional Primary English Education Based on Big Data: A Case Study of Gansu Province
Authors: Nan Jialan , Yu Fu , Xu xinying , Feng Ren , Liang Wenhui
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Recently, big data attract great attention from industries, academia, and governments. Education big data from teaching and learning processes used to assess elementary education level is scarce in China. Case description: Gansu province, located in the northwest China, is one of the most backward economy areas where the development of elementary English education falls far behind developed areas of the country. Taking Gansu province as a case study and English subject in senior high schools as the study object, we use score data of English academic proficiency test (2018-2020) from 322 senior high schools to explore spatial-temporal differences of English education level among those schools in order to promote the balanced development of regional education. First we briefly describe the generation of English big data from senior high schools, and then, we mine the big data to analyze the difference of the English education level using the anomaly method, the comparison method, the cluster analysis method, and hot point analysis method. English excellence degree is developed as an indicator to assess elementary English education level. Discussion and Evalution: The results show that: (1) there exists obvious difference in English education level among the selected senior high schools: the highest average value of English excellence degree is 759 times the lowest, and the number of schools with negative anomalies accounts for more than 50%; (2) English excellence degree displays an obvious agglomeration characteristic in Lanzhou city, the provincial capital, that is, the hot spots (high English level) of English excellence degree are located in Lanzhou, while the cold spots (low English level) are concentrated in minority and poor areas such as Linxia autonomous region, the major part of Longnan and the eastern part of Qingyang; (3) The investigation in the form of questionnaires confirms the fact that disadvantage schools in English level are usually lack of good teachers who have a preference to teach in areas with good conditions. Conclusion: From the results, we can draw the conclusion that big data play an important role in quantitatively assessing basic education level, which lays foundation for improving the regional education level. Individuals’ value orientation of study, attitude towards study and the study behavior will be investigated in the future.
Associations between cognitive impairment and cerebrovascular reserve in different lobes during the acute stroke of anterior circulations
Authors: Chu Mengna , Dong Wei , Huang Chao , Dong Bin , Yao Ming
Published: January 2022

Background
Cognitive impairments at the acute stroke phase should not be ignored, and its potential risk factors and mechanism need to be clinically assessed. Recently, various studies revealed that reduced cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) predicts cognitive declines such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, the association of CVR in different lobes with cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between CVR in different lobes and cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase in cerebral infarction patients.
Method
This study included 125 subjects: 96 in the acute stroke phase (38 left infarction and 58 right infarction) and 29 healthy controls with no history of neurological disease. The basic sociodemographic characteristics of the two groups matched and their cognitive status was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The CVR was assessed by CT perfusion imaging scans, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT).
Results
The MoCA scores of visuospatial/executive, attention, and orientation in both left and right infarctions patients significantly decreased. Nevertheless, the MoCA scores for naming, language, and delayed recall significantly only decreased in left infarction patients. The CBF of right vessels in the frontal lobe and the MTT of left vessels in the occipital lobe was negatively related to the MoCA scores of left infarction patients. The CBV of left vessels in the frontal lobe and CBF of left vessels in the parietal lobe were positively related to the MoCA scores of left infarction patients. The CBF of right vessels in the temporal lobe was negatively related to the MoCA scores of right infarction patients. Finally, the CBF of the left vessels in the temporal lobe was positively related to the MoCA scores of right infarction patients.
Conclusions
CVR was closely related to cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase. Decreasing CVR might be a potential neuroimaging biomarker to predict cognitive impairment at the acute stroke phase.
Modeling Anaerobic Co-digestion of Food Wastes and Cattle Manure in an Industrial Plant: a System Dynamic Approach
Authors: Azeez Sarafadeen Ayinde , Gwandangaji Danshehu Bagudu
Published: January 2022

Even though the Anaerobic Digestion Model number 1 (ADM1) is acceptable and widely used model for anaerobic digestion, it is associated with large number of experimental data and large number of model parameter identification thereby making it difficult to be utilized for optimization and control design. In this study, the applicability of Anaerobic Digestion Model number 2 (AM2) model to co-digestion of food wastes and cattle manure in an industrial biogas plant’s digester is explored. The model was modified and reconstructed in system dynamic modeling software (STELLA) for better interpretation and understanding. The predictive ability of the model using the model parameters estimated in Premium Solver was checked by comparing model results (biogas flow and compositions) with ADMI simulated results and the experimental data. In order to gain insight on variability of biogas flow and compositions as a result of change in some important process variables, sensitivity analysis was conducted. The simulation results of the modified AM2 model were found to correspond with the measured value with percentages errors of 1.42% and 0.6% for methane concentration and biogas flow respectively. The process variables associated with methanogenesis stage were obtained to be the most sensitive variables. The use of system dynamic modeling linked to AM2 model which is tractable, reduced and robust is therefore recommended for simulation of full scale biogas plant’s digester.
Neural Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Protect Spinal Cord Injury by the Transfer of miR-31-5p
Authors: Jiang Dongdong , Luo Yongjun , Wu Xiaoshu , Huang Chenyu , Liu Yang , Yin Zhaowei , Li Jiayi , Yang Dawei , Gu Qiangrong , Zhang Qiaofeng , Wang Hongyu , Yao Qingqiang , Jiang Fei , Tang Pengyu
Published: January 2022

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic damage that causes changes in its motor function permanently. Reactive astrocytes is a pathological feature of spinal cord injury (SCI). Exosomes take part in the transportation of miRNAs and play an a novel platform for intercellular communication in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the effect of miRNAs in Neuronal stem cells (NSCs) derived exosomes in SCI was unknown. in vivo SCI model and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of exosomes. NSCs-derived exosomes promoted motor function recovery by shifting astrocytes from the A1 to A2 phenotype. microarray analysis of miRNA showed that miR-31-5p was the most enriched in NSCs-derived exosomes. Bioinformatics, RIP, and luciferase activity predicted IL34 was the target downstream gene of miR-31-5p. Western bloting examined IL34/STAT3 signaling pathway involved in modulating atrocities by the exosomal miR-31-5p. Rescue experiments evaluate that exosomal miR-31-5p shifting astrocytes A1 to A2 phenotype by inhibiting IL34/STAT3 signaling cascades, and promoted motor function recovery in mice after SCI.
Costs And Benefits of “Insect Friendly” Artificial Lights Are Taxon Specific
Authors: Owens Avalon C.S. , Dressler Caroline , Lewis Sara M.
Published: January 2022

The expansion of human activity into natural habitats often results in the introduction of artificial light at night, which can disrupt local ecosystems. Recent advances in LED technology have enabled spectral tuning of artificial light sources, which could in theory limit their impact on vulnerable taxa. To date, however, experimental comparisons of ecologically friendly candidate colors have mostly considered only one type of behavioral impact, often on only single species. Resulting recommendations cannot be broadly implemented if their consequences for other local taxa are unknown. Working at a popular firefly ecotourism site, we exposed the insect community to artificial illumination of three colors (blue, amber, red) and measured flight-to-light behavior as well as the courtship flash behavior of male Photinus carolinus fireflies. Firefly courtship activity was greatest under blue and red lights, while the most flying insects were attracted to blue and amber lights. Thus, while impacts of spectrally tuned artificial light varied across taxa, our results suggest that red light, rather than amber light, is least disruptive to insects overall, and thus more generally insect friendly.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Iranian Women With Genital Mutilation
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Mahsa , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Jahdi Niloufar Sattarzadeh
Published: January 2022

Background: The conflicting evidence on the relationship between female genital mutilation/ cutting (FGM/C‎) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be due to the differences in the prevalence and type of FGM/C‎ in different societies. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of PTSD and its related factors among Iranian women with genital mutilation.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 155 women with genital mutilation aged 18-45 years referred to the health centers in Mahabad, located in west of Iran from October 2020 to April 2021. The participants were selected using convenience sampling method. After obtaining the informed consent form from the participants, the first researcher in the presence of a gynecologist determined the type of genital mutilation through the gynecological examination. The data were collected using demographic and obstetric characteristics and post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL5) and analyzed using SPSS21 software. Further, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression were used.Result: Six women (3.9%) with genital mutilation had PTSD. The mean (SD) score of the PTSD symptoms among women with genital mutilation was 27.73 (6.79), ranging from 0 - 80. The age of genital mutilation, level of education, and type of residence were considered as the most important predictors of the severity of the symptoms of PTSD among women with type 1 genital mutilation, as explaining 48.1% of the variance.Conclusion and recommendation: The results indicated that the severity of the PTSD symptoms enhanced among women with genital mutilation by increasing age of genital mutilation and decreasing socio-economic levels. It is recommended to conduct the similar studies among women with other types of FGM/C‎.
Fractionation of Organic C, Nutrients, Metals And Bacteria In Peat Porewater And Ice After Freezing And Thawing
Authors: Morgalev Sergey Yu. , Lim Artem G. , Morgaleva Tamara G. , Morgalev Yuri N. , Manasypov Rinat M. , Kuzmina Daria , Shirokova Liudmila S. , Orgogozo Laurent , Loiko Sergey V. , Pokrovsky Oleg S.
Published: January 2022

To better understand freezing - thawing cycles operating in peat soils of permafrost landscapes, we experimentally modelled bi-directional freezing and thawing of the three sections of 90-cm long peat core collected from a discontinuous permafrost zone in western Siberia. We measured translocation of microorganisms and changes in porewater chemistry (pH, UV absorbance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and major and trace element concentrations) after thawing and two-way freezing of peat cores. We demonstrate that bi-directional freezing and thawing of a peat core is capable of strongly modifying the vertical pattern of bacteria, DOC, nutrients, and trace element concentrations. Sizeable enrichment (a factor of 2 to 5) of DOC, macro- (P, K, Ca) and micro-nutrients (Ni, Mn, Co, Rb, B) and some low-mobile trace elements in several horizons of ice and peat porewater after freeze/thaw experiment may stem from physical disintegration of peat particles, leaching of peat constituents and opening of isolated (non-connected) pores during freezing front migration. However, due to the appearance of multiple maxima of element concentration after a freeze-thaw event, the use of peat ice chemical composition as environmental archive for paleo-reconstructions is unwarranted.
Wetting patterns in a subsurface irrigation system by using reservoirs of different permeabilities: experimental and HYDRUS-2D/3D modeling
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Matinkhah SayedHamid , Mosaddeghi Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2022

In this study, wetting patterns around the reservoirs with different permeability (low, medium, and high) were assessed in the field and simulated using the HYDRUS-2D/3D software. The results showed that the highest soil water content was observed near the reservoir and it decreased with increasing distance from the reservoir. In the high permeability treatment, a large volume of water was released for almost three days, so that, more water was deep-percolated and lowered the soil water available to plant roots. In the low and medium permeability treatments, the water content slowly moved and observed that the maximum soil water content occurred in the 20-40 cm layer overtime. The HYDRUS-2D/3D software was able to simulate water flow and soil water content during the growth period of plants with a high correspondence between measured and simulated soil water contents (R2 = 0.90-0.95).
Persistence of Antibiotic Resistance from Agricultural Effluents to Surface Water Revealed in Metagenome Assembled Genomes
Authors: Kim Jin Ju , Seong Hoon Je , Cha Chang-Jun , Johnson Timothy Alan , Sul Woo Jun , Chae Jong-Chan
Published: January 2022

BackgroundDespite the increasing concerns about antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewaters released from livestock or fish farms into the natural environment, studies on unculturable bacteria related to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance are limited. Here, we assessed the impact of the microbial antibiotic resistome and mobilome in wastewaters released in Korean rivers by reconstructing metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) using a novel refining method.ResultsWe reconstructed 1,100 MAGs using Korean river and wastewater metagenome samples and presented Additional Clustering Refiner (ACR), a method that significantly reduced contamination of genome quality. Our results indicate that ARGs harbored in the MAGs were disseminated from wastewater effluents into the downstream environment of rivers. Among the effluent-derived phyla, uncultured members of the superphylum Patescibacteria harbored ARGs co-localized with mobile genetic elements. The most abundantly detected ARGs associated with mobile genetic elements in the wastewater effluents and downstream regions of the rivers were found to originate from Patescibacteria; the detected genes represented the potential for horizontal gene transfer of beta-lactam A-, sulfonamide-, and carbapenem-resistance genes. ConclusionsOur study tracked microorganisms that were transmitted from agricultural wastewater to receiving rivers through genome-resolved metagenomics. Based on the genomic analysis of MAGs, it was found that ARGs are more commonly co-localized with MGEs in agricultural wastewater than in river water. Furthermore, this suggests that members of Patescibacteria, which are relatively unknown, are carriers that disseminate ARGs into the environment, and a potential vector for disseminating ARGs in the environmental bacterial community. Overall, this study suggests that dissemination of ARGs by uncultured bacteria should be investigated further in multiple environments.
Erythropoietin receptor is a risk factor for prognosis: a potential biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Feng Yang-Chun , Zhang Ya-Jing , Wang Sen-Yu , Han Song-Tao , Huang Yao-Yao
Published: January 2022

Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers, and LUAD's survival rate is particularly poor. Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) is a member of the cytokine class I receptor family and can be detected in cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), however, the expression levels and prognostic value of EPOR in LUAD are still unclear.Methods: Multiple bioinformatics databases such as TIMER, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and TCGA databases, immunohistochemical method, and clinicopathological data of 92 LUADpatients between January 2008 and June 2016 were used to explore the EPOR expression, gene mutations affecting EPOR expression, EPOR-interacting or coexpressed genes, potential biological functions and the correlation of EPOR expression with prognosis, immune microenvironment and so on.All statistical analyses were performed in the R version 4.1.1.Results: In this study, the EPOR mRNA expression in LUAD tissues was possibly downregulated compared with that in normal lung tissues, but the EPOR protein expression in LUAD tissues was higher than that in paired normal lung tissues. Mutations in five genes, DDX60L, LGR6, POTEB3, RIF1 and SOX5, resulted in downregulation of EPOR expression, mutations in 10 genes including C1orf168, DBX2 and EIF5B, resulted in upregulation of EPOR expression. Erichment analyses showed that EPOR is involved in neural tissue ligand-receptor interactions, MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and cancer pathways. The KM Plotter and PrognoScan databases consistently concluded that EPOR was associated with prognosis in LUAD patients. Our clinicopathological data showed that high EPOR expression was associated with poorer OS (29.5 vs 46 months) and had a good predictive ability for 5-year survival probability.Conclusions: EPOR expression might be downregulated at the mRNA levels and significantly upregulated at the protein levels in LUAD, which showed that the mRNA and protein levels of EPOR are inconsistent.The high expression of EPOR was associated with poor prognosis and is expected to be a potential new prognostic marker for LUAD.
Assessment of Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 and /3 (pfhrp 2&/ pfhrp 3) gene deletion or mutation in all Plasmodium falciparum positive blood samples in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Sivaradjy Monika , Hamide Abdoul , Krishnamurthy Sriram , mohan Vamsi , Sharmila Ferdina Marie , Rajkumari Nonika
Published: January 2022

Rapid diagnostic card tests (RDTs) enable timely and appropriate diagnosis of malaria especially in remote areas. Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (PFHRP2) is the most targeted antigen for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum infections by rapid diagnostic card test. Genetic mutations and gene deletions are important emerging factors for false-negative RDTs, which may delay the provision of life-saving treatment for the patients. Hence, we would like to evaluate for the existence of pfhrp2/3 gene deleted P.falciparum parasites in our health care setting. This study was conducted for a period of 2 years in a tertiary care centre in South India. Blood samples that are microscopically confirmed as P. falciparum but negative by RDT were assessed for the presence of pfhrp2, pfhrp3, and their flanking genes using conventional PCR. Follow up of the clinical outcomes were also done for these patients. Of the 63 positive samples collected (50 /63) 79.4% were P.vivax and (13/63) 20.6% were P.falciparum by PCR. Among the 13P.falciparum positive samples, 4 samples (4/13), (95% CI -10.36–61.11%)were found to be RDT negative but microscopically positive.Pfhrp2,pfhrp3 and their flanking genes were amplified for these 4 samples. All 4 samples were found to be negative for both pfhrp2-2 & pfhrp2-3 exon regions and also varying patterns of flanking gene deletions were also noted.This study provides molecular evidence for the existence of pfhrp2 & pfhrp3 deleted P. falciparum parasites in a tertiary care centre in South India warranting periodic evaluation of pfhrp2 based RDT use. Only pfhrp2/3 RDT based decision on diagnosis of P.falciparum malaria should always be reconsidered especially in remote areas. Brief running title : Pfhrp2/3 gene deletion
Application of Team-Based Learning of Ophthalmology in China
Authors: Wu Wenyi , Xia Xiaobo , Xiong Siqi , Wen Dan
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to explore whether Team Based Learning (TBL) was effective method compared with Traditional Didactic Lecture (TDL) in improving problem solving and study ability about clinical course of ophthalmology in medical students. We also cared about the view and satisfaction of TBL in Chinese students.
METHODS
Two hundred and seventy-five students of 5-year clinical medicine program from Central South of China University participated in our study program, one hundred and forty enrolled in modified TBL course. A questionnaire including closed and open-ended items, was distributed to students immediately following completion of the TBL session and we collect one hundred and eight valid questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data. The effects of the TBL module on student performance were measured between the groups using a one-way between groups Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test by the Individual Readiness Assurance Test (IRAT), the Group Readiness Assurance Test (GRAT), and final examination scores (FESs) compared with other class which didn’t apply TBL session.
RESULTS
140 students achieved 72.65 mean test scores on test questions that assessed their knowledge of ophthalmology using the modified TBL strategy compared 135 students achieve 70.8 mean scores with TDL method (p=0.3434). The performance was significantly better during GRAT compared to IRAT in pre-class quiz. TBL learning method was favored and acceptable by most medical students compared to the TDL session.
CONCLUSIONS
Application of modified TBL to ophthalmology improved students’ performance, self-study, teamwork and increased their class engagement and satisfaction. But TBL should be further optimized and developed to enhance the educational outcomes.
Bio-inspired Polydopamine Coated Hemoglobin as Potential Oxygen Carriers for Wound Healing
Authors: Ma Ning , Li Bingting , Shu Peilin , You Guoxing , Zhou Hong , Wang Quan , Zhao Lian
Published: January 2022

Adequate oxygen is identified as one of major factors in the processes of wound healing. Various strategies of oxygen therapy have been developed to improve wound healing, such as oxygen carriers. Herein polydopamine coated hemoglobin (Hb-PDA) nanoparticles as one of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers (HBOCs) for oxygen supply is proposed and synthesized, Hb-PDA nanoparticles accelerate the wound repair process in an excisional full-thickness mouse model. And inflammatory phased of wounds can be shortened by antioxidant properties of polydopamine (PDA) modification. Moreover, Hb-PDA nanoparticles efficiently promote the formation of blood vessel by upregulating expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenesis related protein. Interestingly, Hb-PDA nanoparticles improve the oxygen supply of wounds in the wound area, as well as down-regulated expression of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). The results indicate the Hb-PDA nanoparticles might be a promising approach for efficient wound healing with the capacity to improve oxygen supply.
Upregulation of RAB7 Relates To Neuronal Pyroptosis After Spinal Cord Injury In Rat
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Qianliang , Li Sunao , Chen Xueshi , Huang Xinqi , Yan Jun , Shan Haiyan , Zhang Mingyang
Published: January 2022

The Rab7 belongs to the Ras small GTPase superfamily, and the abnormal expression of Rab7 can cause neuropathy and lipid metabolism disease. However, the regulatory mechanism was not explicitly clear. Studies show that its plays crucial role inner membrane translocase. However, the role of Rab7 on the regulatory mechanisms of cell survival is still unknown. We performed a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model to explore the cellular localization and expression of Rab7 after SCI in this study. Western blot has found that Rab7 was expressed in the spinal cord tissue. On the first day, it significantly increased, then decreased at 48 h, and on the third day reached a peak after SCI. what important is that Rab7 was colocalized with neurons. Furthermore, Western blot was also demonstrated that the pyroptosis-related protein (GSDMD , Caspase-1, ASC) expression attained the peak after the third-day post-injury. Importantly, the immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that Rab7 was completely colocalized with ASC in the neuron after SCI. These results suggested that Rab7 was colocalized with the neurons and involved in the pyroptosis of neurons and closely related to the spinal cord after injury.