bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of PEGylation on pharmacokinetics: a size-dependent effect of polyethylene glycol on prostate-specific membrane antigen inhibitors
Authors: Liu Yang , Xia Li , Li Haiyang , Cai Ping , Tang Sufan , Feng Yue , Liu Guangfu , Chen Yue , Liu Nan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Zhijun
Published: February 2024

Background

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a target has gained increasing attention. This research aims to investigate and understand how altering size of PEG impacts the in vitro and in vivo behavior and performance of PSMA inhibitors, with a specific focus on their pharmacokinetic characteristics and targeting properties.

Results

Two 68Ga-labeled PSMA-targeted radiotracers were developed, namely [68Ga]Ga-PP4-WD and [68Ga]Ga-PP8-WD, with varying sizes of polyethylene glycol (PEG). [68Ga]Ga-PP4-WD and [68Ga]Ga-PP8-WD had excellent affinity for PSMA with IC50 being 8.06 ± 0.91, 6.13 ± 0.79 nM, respectively. Both tracers enabled clear visualization of LNCaP tumors in PET images with excellent tumor-to-background contrast. They also revealed highly efficient uptake and internalization into LNCaP cells, increasing over time. The biodistribution studies demonstrated that both radioligands exhibited significant and specific uptake into LNCaP tumors. Furthermore, they were rapidly cleared through the renal pathway, as evidenced by [68Ga]Ga-PP4-WD and [68Ga]Ga-PP8-WD showing a tenfold and a fivefold less in renal uptake, respectively, compared to [68Ga]Ga-Flu-1 in 30 min. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that PEG size significantly impacted tumor-targeting and pharmacokinetic properties.

Conclusions

These radiotracers have demonstrated their effectiveness in significantly reducing kidney uptake while maintaining the absorbed dose in tumors. Both radiotracers exhibited strong binding and internalization characteristics in vitro, displayed high specificity and affinity for PSMA in vivo.
Multiobjective trajectory optimization algorithms for solving multi-UAV-assisted mobile edge computing problem
Authors: Abdel-Basset Mohamed , Mohamed Reda , Hezam Ibrahim M. , Sallam Karam M. , Foul Abdelaziz , Hameed Ibrahim A.
Published: February 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) devices are not able to execute resource-intensive tasks due to their limited storage and computing power. Therefore, Mobile edge computing (MEC) technology has recently been utilized to provide computing and storage capabilities to those devices, enabling them to execute these tasks with less energy consumption and low latency. However, the edge servers in the MEC network are located at fixed positions, which makes them unable to be adjusted according to the requirements of end users. As a result, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently been used to carry the load of these edge servers, making them mobile and capable of meeting the desired requirements for IoT devices. However, the trajectories of the UAVs need to be accurately planned in order to minimize energy consumption for both the IoT devices during data transmission and the UAVs during hovering time and mobility between halting points (HPs). The trajectory planning problem is a complicated optimization problem because it involves several factors that need to be taken into consideration. This problem is considered a multiobjective optimization problem since it requires simultaneous optimization of both the energy consumption of UAVs and that of IoT devices. However, existing algorithms in the literature for this problem have been based on converting it into a single objective, which may give preference to some objectives over others. Therefore, in this study, several multiobjective trajectory planning algorithms (MTPAs) based on various metaheuristic algorithms with variable population size and the Pareto optimality theory are presented. These algorithms aim to optimize both objectives simultaneously. Additionally, a novel mechanism called the cyclic selection mechanism (CSM) is proposed to manage the population size accurately, optimizing the number of HPs and the maximum function evaluations. Furthermore, the HPs estimated by each MTPA are associated with multiple UAVs using the k-means clustering algorithm. Then, a low-complexity greedy mechanism is used to generate the order of HPs assigned to each UAV, determining its trajectory. Several experiments are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the MTPAs with variable population size and cyclic selection mechanisms. The experimental findings demonstrate that the MTPAs with the cyclic selection mechanism outperform all competing algorithms, achieving better outcomes.
Potential types of bias when estimating causal effects in environmental research and how to interpret them
Authors: Konno Ko , Gibbons James , Lewis Ruth , Pullin Andrew S
Published: February 2024

To inform environmental policy and practice, researchers estimate effects of interventions/exposures by conducting primary research (e.g., impact evaluations) or secondary research (e.g., evidence reviews). If these estimates are derived from poorly conducted/reported research, then they could misinform policy and practice by providing biased estimates. Many types of bias have been described, especially in health and medical sciences. We aimed to map all types of bias from the literature that are relevant to estimating causal effects in the environmental sector. All the types of bias were initially identified by using the Catalogue of Bias (catalogofbias.org) and reviewing key publications (n = 11) that previously collated and described biases. We identified 121 (out of 206) types of bias that were relevant to estimating causal effects in the environmental sector. We provide a general interpretation of every relevant type of bias covered by seven risk-of-bias domains for primary research: risk of confounding biases; risk of post-intervention/exposure selection biases; risk of misclassified/mismeasured comparison biases; risk of performance biases; risk of detection biases; risk of outcome reporting biases; risk of outcome assessment biases, and four domains for secondary research: risk of searching biases; risk of screening biases; risk of study appraisal and data coding/extraction biases; risk of data synthesis biases. Our collation should help scientists and decision makers in the environmental sector be better aware of the nature of bias in estimation of causal effects. Future research is needed to formalise the definitions of the collated types of bias such as through decomposition using mathematical formulae.
Oils with different degree of saturation: effects on ileal digestibility of fat and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs
Authors: Wang Lu , Chen Yifan , Yang Yuansen , Xiao Nuo , Lai Changhua
Published: February 2024

Background

Oils are important sources of energy in pig diets. The combination of oils with different degree of saturation contributes to improve the utilization efficiency of the mixed oils and may reduce the cost of oil supplemented. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of oils with different degree of saturation on the fat digestibility and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs.

Methods

Eighteen crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) barrows (initial body weight: 29.3 ± 2.8 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. The experimental diets included a fat-free basal diet and 5 oil-added diets. The 5 oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6% oil with different ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U:S) to the basal diet. The 5 oils were palm oil (U:S = 1.2), canola oil (U:S = 12.0), and palm oil and canola oil were mixed in different proportions to prepare a combination of U:S of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5, respectively.

Results

The apparent and standardized ileal digestibility (AID and SID) of fat and fatty acids increased linearly (P < 0.05) as the U:S of dietary oils increased except for SID of fat and C18:2. The AID and SID of fat and fatty acids differed among the dietary treatments (P < 0.05) except for SID of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and C18:2. Fitted one-slope broken-line analyses for the SID of fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and UFA indicated that the breakpoint for U:S of oil was 4.14 (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.01), 2.91 (R2 = 0.98, P < 0.01) and 3.84 (R2 = 0.85, P < 0.01), respectively. The determined SID of fat, C18:1, C18:2 and UFA in the mixtures was not different from the calculated SID of fat, C18:1, C18:2 and UFA. However, the determined SID of C16:0, C18:0 and SFA in the mixtures were greater than the calculated SID values (P < 0.05). The abundance of Romboutsia and Turicibacter in pigs fed diet containing palm oil was greater than that in rapeseed oil treatment group, and the two bacteria were negatively correlated with SID of C16:0, C18:0 and SFA (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The optimal U:S for improving the utilization efficiency of mixed oil was 4.14. The SID of fat and UFA for palm oil and canola oil were additive in growing pigs, whereas the SID of SFA in the mixture of two oils was greater than the sum of the values of pure oils. Differences in fat digestibility caused by oils differing in degree of saturation has a significant impact on bacterial community in the foregut.
An analytical survey of zinc white historical and modern artists’ materials
Authors: Palladino Nicoletta , Occelli Mathilde , Wallez Gilles , Coquinot Yvan , Lemasson Quentin , Pichon Laurent , Stankic Slavica , Etgens Victor , Salvant Johanna
Published: February 2024

This study is the first systematic survey of a large corpus of zinc white (ZnO) artists’ materials. Zinc white is a white pigment developed within the wave of 19th-century technological developments in the paint industry. The composition, particle morphology and size, and luminescence of 49 zinc white samples from artists’ materials were characterized, including three references of known synthesis methods (indirect and direct) and synthesized by the authors (ZnO nanosmoke). The corpus included historical and modern zinc white pigment powders and paint materials from the leading European and American color manufacturers. The study aims to characterize and evaluate the variability of the properties of zinc white and its paint formulations. The reference materials presented properties in agreement with the literature: indirect ZnO exhibited submicron prismoidal blue-luminescent particles of higher purity than direct ZnO, which had larger acicular green-luminescent particles. ZnO nanosmoke presented acicular (tetrapod-like) blue/green-luminescent nanoparticles. Composition, particle morphology, size, and documentary sources suggested a production via the indirect method for the analyzed corpus. However, the luminescence behavior was more complex to interpret. The fundamental emission of ZnO was not always detected, even in pure ZnO powders. Three trends were identified: smaller ZnO particles for the most recent samples; green luminescence connected to larger particle size; fewer trace elements, and of the same type (i.e., lead, sulfur) for historical materials. Another interesting finding was the detection of hydrozincite in some powders, likely a degradation product of ZnO. In terms of methodology, cathodoluminescence proved a valuable tool for pigment identification. The study provides a database of zinc white references for pigment and artwork analysis.
Myopic choroidal neovascularization with neovascular signal around perforating scleral vessel prone to recur after anti-VEGF therapy
Authors: She Xiangjun , Yao Wangjing , Huang Gongyu , Liang Zhi , Xie Jin , Tao Jiwei , Wu Sulan , Mao Jianbo , Chen Yiqi , Zhang Yun , Shen Lijun
Published: February 2024

Background

To compare the recurrence of myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) based on the neovascular signal of mCNV around the perforating scleral vessel (PSV).

Methods

A consecutive series of naïve patients with mCNV accepted anti-VEGF therapy with a minimum 12-month follow-up period. The neovascular signal relationship between PSV and mCNV were classified into the presence of neovascular signal of CNV around PSV or not. The recurrence of mCNV, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), hyperreflective foci height, CNV area and CNV flow area were analyzed between two groups.

Results

Neovascular signal of CNV around PSV was detected in 20 eyes (39.2%). The one-year recurrence rate in the group with neovascular signal of CNV around PSV was significantly higher than that in the group without neovascular signal of CNV around PSV (P = 0.045). The recurrence time in the group with neovascular signal around PSV was shorter than that in the group without neovascular signal around PSV (P = 0.030). Cox proportional hazard model showed that the presence of neovascular signal of CNV around PSV [hazard ratio (HR): 2.904] and subfoveal choroidal thickness ≤ 50 μm (HR: 0.368) were risk factors for recurrence of mCNV. In the group with neovascular signal around PSV, the BCVA was worse (P = 0.024) and the CNV flow area was more unstable (P = 0.027) after therapy.

Conclusions

PSV was commonly detected in patients with mCNV. The presence of neovascular signal of CNV around PSV was prone to recur with a shorter time in mCNV patients.
Evaluation of the accuracy of fully guided implant placement by undergraduate students and postgraduate dentists: a comparative prospective clinical study
Authors: Atay Ece , Hey Jeremias , Beuer Florian , Böse Mats Wernfried Heinrich , Schweyen Ramona
Published: February 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of implant placement through three-dimensional planning and fully guided insertion, comparing outcomes between undergraduate and postgraduate surgeons.

Methods

Thirty-eight patients requiring 42 implants in posterior single-tooth gaps were enrolled from the University Clinic for Prosthodontics at the Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg and the Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry, and Craniomandibular Disorders of Charité University Medicine, Berlin. Twenty-two implants were placed by undergraduate students (n = 18), while 20 implants were placed by trainee postgraduate dentists (n = 5). Pre-operative intraoral scans and cone beam computed tomography images were performed for implant planning and surgical template fabrication. Postoperative intraoral scans were superimposed onto the original scans to analyze implant accuracy in terms of apical, coronal, and angular deviations, as well as vertical discrepancies.

Results

In the student group, two implant insertions were performed by the assistant dentist because of intraoperative complications and, thus, were excluded from further analysis. For the remaining implants, no statistically significant differences were observed between the dentist and student groups in terms of apical (p = 0.245), coronal (p = 0.745), or angular (p = 0.185) implant deviations, as well as vertical discrepancies (p = 0.433).

Conclusions

This study confirms the viability of fully guided implant placement by undergraduate students, with comparable accuracy to postgraduate dentists. Integration into dental education can prepare students for implant procedures, expanding access and potentially reducing costs in clinical practice. Collaboration is essential for safe implementation, and future research should explore long-term outcomes and patient perspectives, contributing to the advancement of dental education and practice.

Trial registration: DRKS, DRKS00023024, Registered 8 September 2020—Retrospectively registered, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00023024.
Ameliorative role of diets fortified with Artocarpus altilis in a Drosophila melanogaster model of aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Saliu Jamiyu Ayodeji , Olajuyin Ayobami Matthew , Olowolayemo Samuel Faith
Published: February 2024

Backgrounds:

Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) belongs to the family Moraceae. Artocarpus altilis possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. Aluminum (Al) is extensively utilized for consumer products, cooking utensils, pharmaceuticals, and industries. Indication for the neurotoxicity of Al is investigated in various studies, notwithstanding the precise mechanisms of Al toxicity are yet to be fully elucidated, and, which requires novel therapy. In this study, we determined the ameliorative role of Artocarpus altilis on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.

Methods

Varying concentration of the extract were used to formulate diets for 6 groups of flies. Group 1 contained basal diet, group 2 contained basal diet and aluminium chloride (AlCl3), group 3 contained basal diet + 0.1% unseeded breadfruit (UBF), group 4 contained basal diet + 1% unseeded breadfruit, group 5 and 6 contained basal diet + AlCl3 + 0.1% and 1% unseeded breadfruit. Assays such as acetylcholinesterase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration level, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were carried out after 7 days of exposure respectively.

Results

The results showed low activity of acetylcholinesterase activity and MDA level and high catalase and SOD activity in the pretreated and post-treated flies with Artocarpus altilis compared to the normal and negative control respectively.

Conclusions

Taken together, Artocarpus altilis is a promising prophylactic, antiacetylcholinesterase, and antioxidant plant in the prevention, management and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Graphical Abstract
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on violations of the right to integrity of the person
Authors: Carraro Valentina
Published: February 2024

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been having a devastating impact on society not only from a health and economic perspective but also due to its direct and indirect effects on the human rights of citizens. In particular, the pandemic has had several negative effects on citizens’ right to integrity. For example, lockdown measures adopted by governments to manage the pandemic frequently resulted in increased levels of violence against women and girls; so much so that the UN body working on gender equality (UN Women) coined a new term—‘shadow pandemic’—to refer to the severe intensification of all forms of violence against women and girls that occurred during the pandemic, particularly domestic violence. In addition, in some cases, police officials have employed disproportionate force to ensure strict adherence to public health measures. Finally, hate crimes against individuals of Asian origin or descent have increased substantially in Western countries. However, and perhaps more surprisingly, there have been situations in which the pandemic, directly or indirectly, has seemingly led to a decrease in specific forms of violence. Researchers have, for instance, observed that at the height of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in reported cases of street violence against women, because of fewer people leaving their homes.

Based on document analysis and a review of selected country case studies, this article aims to provide a thorough overview of the different types of violations of the right to integrity of the person that have emerged, worsened, or, possibly, decreased as a direct or indirect consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. It focuses on three key types of violations: domestic violence, violence against women in public spaces, excessive use of force by law enforcement agents, and racial violence against individuals of Asian origin or descent. The article starts by introducing the right to integrity of the person and then focuses on the different forms of integrity rights violations that have emerged as a direct or indirect consequence of the pandemic. It concludes by reflecting on lessons learned and by providing some evidence-based recommendations on possible rights-infringement mitigation strategies during public health crises.
In silico, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicological evaluation of an indigenous medicinal plant Pterospermum rubiginosum using Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Anish Rajamohanan Jalaja , Nair Aswathy , Saraswathy V. , Kalpana Velappan Nair S. , Shyma Rajendran L.
Published: February 2024

Background

Pterospermum rubiginosum has been traditionally used by the tribal inhabitants of Southern India for treating bone fractures and as a local anti-inflammatory agent; however, experimental evidence to support this traditional usage is lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical characterization, in silico and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation, followed by in vivo toxicological screening of P. rubiginosum methanolic bark extract (PRME).

Results

The LCMS evaluation revealed the presence of 80 significant peaks; nearly 50 molecules were identified using the LCMS database. In silico analysis showed notable interactions with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In vitro gene expression study supported the docking results with significant down-regulation of iNOS, IL-6, and IL-10. PRME was administered orally to the SD rats and was found to be non-toxic up to 1000 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. The antioxidant enzymes catalase and sodium dismutase exhibited an increased value in PRME-administered groups, possibly due to the diverse phytochemical combinations in bark extract.

Conclusions

PRME administration significantly downregulated the gene expression of inflammatory markers, such as iNOS, IL-6, and IL-10. The molecular docking analysis of iNOS and IL-6 supports the in vitro study. In vivo toxicological study of PRME in SD rats was found to be non-toxic up to a concentration of 1000 mg/kg body weight for 14 days.

Graphical abstract
Overall Survival From the EORTC LCG-1613 APPLE Trial of Osimertinib Versus Gefitinib Followed by Osimertinib in Advanced EGFR-Mutant Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Remon Jordi , Besse Benjamin , Aix Santiago Ponce , Callejo Ana , Al-Rabi Kamal , Bernabe Reyes , Greillier Laurent , Majem Margarita , Reguart Noemi , Monnet Isabelle , Cousin Sophie , Garrido Pilar , Robinet Gilles , Campelo Rosario Garcia , Madroszyk Anne , Mazières Julien , Curcio Hubert , Wasąg Bartosz , Pretzenbacher Yassin , Grillet Fanny , Dingemans Anne-Marie C. , Dziadziuszko Rafal
Published: February 2024

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.

Osimertinib has been established as a standard of care for patients with common sensitizing EGFR-mutant advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) although the sequential approach (first-generation inhibitor gefitinib followed by osimertinib) has not been formally compared. The phase II APPLE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02856893 ) enrolled 156 treatment-naïve patients, and two treatment strategies were evaluated: osimertinib up front or the sequential treatment approach with gefitinib up front followed by osimertinib at the time of progression, either molecular progression (detection of plasma T790M resistance mutation) regardless of the radiologic status or just at the time of radiologic progression. Patients' characteristics were well balanced, except for the higher proportion of baseline brain metastases in the sequential approach (29% v 19%). Per protocol, 73% of patients switched to osimertinib in the sequential arm. Up-front treatment with osimertinib was associated with a lower risk of brain progression versus the sequential approach (hazard ratio [HR], 0.54 [90% CI, 0.34 to 0.86]), but a comparable overall survival was observed between both strategies (HR, 1.01 [90% CI, 0.61 to 1.68]), with the 18-month survival probability of 84% and 82.3%, respectively. The APPLE trial suggests that a sequential treatment approach is associated with more frequent progression in the brain but a similar survival in advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
Maternal protein restriction affects the differentiation of cells in the epididymal epithelium lining of 44-day-old rats
Authors: Colonheze Fábio , Cavariani Marilia Martins , Schimming Bruno Cesar , de Mello Santos Talita , Chuffa Luiz Gustavo de Almeida , Domeniconi Raquel Fantin
Published: February 2024

Maternal protein restriction delays the differentiation of epididymal mesenchymal cells in newborn rats. However, it's unclear if this delay persists until the full differentiation of the epididymal epithelium at 44 days postnatal. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of maternal protein reduction on 44-day-old rats' epididymal epithelium differentiation, following up on the observed delay in newborn animals. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into groups receiving normal-protein (NP - 17% protein) or low-protein (LP – 6% protein) diets during gestation and lactation. On postnatal day (PDN) 44, male offspring were euthanized, and the epididymis (NP n=10, LP n=10) was processed according to immunohistochemical techniques for the detection of aquaporin 9 (AQP9), KI-67, TP63, and ATPase. LP rats showed: a decrease in the intensity of the AQP9 reaction, an increase in cellular proliferation in the initial segment and corpus of the epididymis, an increase in basal cells in the caput and corpus epididymis, and an increase in ATPase-positive clear cells in the cauda region. These findings demonstrate that maternal protein restriction impacts cell differentiation in the epididymal epithelium of 44-day-old rats, persisting even with a normal-protein diet after weaning.
Comparison of rapid and conventional methods for investigating of mecA presence in Staphylococcus Species
Authors: TAŞKIN MEHMET HAKAN
Published: February 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9284

How to cite this: Taskin MH. Comparison of rapid and conventional methods for investigating of mecA presence in Staphylococcus Species. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(4):794-795.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.4.9284
Review of available therapies for the treatment of pediatric COVID-19-associated polyarticular inflammatory syndrome
Authors: Leśniewski Michał
Published: February 2024

Recently, there have been an increasing number of reports from around the world describing children and adolescents with multisystemic inflammatory conditions associated with COVID-19. The clinical features of these pediatric cases are both similar to and different from other well-described inflammatory syndromes, including Kawasaki disease. Symptoms appear to develop after infection, rather than in the acute phase of COVID-19. Regarding the clinical spectrum, much remains unknown.

The new disease entity challenges specialists around the world in developing universal management protocols. In the fight for the health and lives of patients, treatment according to standard protocols for Kawasaki disease has been used. However, further clinical trials are required to prove the effectiveness and safety of these treatments. There are reports of successful therapy using intravenous immunoglobulin preparations and steroid therapy. Biologic, antiviral, antibiotic, antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies are also used. The described pediatric disease can be associated with hemodynamic failure, so treatment should take place in a hospital setting, under the watchful eye of a multidisciplinary team.
Craniopharyngioma – case report and literature review
Authors: Leśniewski Michał
Published: February 2024

Craniopharyngiomas (Erdheim tumors) are rare tumors with low histological malignancy. Craniopharyngiomas occur at a rate of 0.5 to 2 cases per million people per year, accounting for 30 to 50% of all cases occurring in childhood and adolescence. Craniopharyngioma accounts for 1.2 to 4% of all intracranial tumors in children [1, 2, 3, 4].
Clinical manifestations usually result from increased intracranial pressure, visual disturbances and endocrine disorders. Although long-term survival is high, patients' quality of life is poor, and patients' neuropsychological functions are often impaired. Choosing an appropriate treatment method, is a major challenge and requires the cooperation of physicians from different specialties [5, 6, 7, 8, 9].
Research priorities should be efforts to make information available on cases of Craniopharyngioma, as these tumors are extremely rare. The purpose of this article is to present a case of a boy with a tumor of the periventricular region based on the analysis of medical records and to analyze the current state of knowledge about craniopharyngioma.
Narrativas interactivas y transmedialidad experiencial: resignificación del espacio ficcional aumentado en Originales Movistar+ .
Authors: García Sahagún Marta , Fernández-Castrillo Carolina
Published: February 2024

Análisis de las acciones transmedia de las series Originales Movistar+ donde su carácter experiencial contribuye a la fidelización del público y a la resignificación del espacio ficcional. Se propone una metodología basada en la naturaleza del espacio, su relevancia y el rol del usuario. Se concluirá que la utilización protagónica del espacio en las estrategias transmedia permite generar experiencias más inmersivas con una mayor participación, redefiniendo también el relato.
Rutinas profesionales del periodismo de investigación en España.
Authors: González-Cortés María Eugenia , López-García Julia , Gómez-Calderón Bernardo
Published: February 2024

El artículo analiza las rutinas de quienes ejercen el periodismo de investigación en España, apoyándose en entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a ocho profesionales de reconocida trayectoria. Los resultados apuntan a que esta modalidad requiere de formación especializada y está marcada por fuertes presiones. A pesar de que sus profesionales son cada vez más metódicos, el periodismo de investigación español muestra deficiencias en materia de verificación y tratamiento de las fuentes.
Cartografía de la mujer periodista: violencia y conflictos armados (1914-2021).
Authors: Boussif Alina , Tejedor Santiago , Tusa Jumbo Fernanda
Published: February 2024

La investigación analiza el trabajo de 228 mujeres reporteras de guerra que han cubierto un conflicto armado desde 1914 hasta 2021. El estudio aplica la técnica de la investigación-acción, construyendo así el primer directorio interactivo e infográfico de mujeres corresponsales de guerra. Como resultado se muestra la necesidad de dar visibilización a las mujeres reporteras en zonas de conflicto y a la feminización del periodismo en primera línea de combate.
Innovative Integer Programming Software and Methods for Large-Scale Routing at DHL Supply Chain
Authors: Dang Yibo , Allen Theodore T. , Singh Manjeet , Gillespie Jason , Cox Jon , Monkmeyer James
Published: February 2024

DHL Supply Chain North America helped by the Ohio State University developed and implemented a suite of software called the Transportation Network Optimizer. The four modules relate to the same large scale vehicle routing integer programming including outsourcing. The software helped DHL save over $116M through improved bidding and outsourcing by reducing fuel and personnel costs.
Optimizing Walmart’s Supply Chain from Strategy to Execution
Authors: Mehrotra Prakhar , Fu Mingang , Huang Jing , Mahabhashyam Sai Rajesh , Liu Minghui , Yang Ming (Arthur) , Wang Xiaojie , Hendricks Joseph , Moola Ranjith , Morland Daniel , Krozier Kim , Nie Tiantian , Sun Ou , Adbesh Fereydoun , Zhang Ti , Shrivastav Monika , Xu Jiefeng , Rajan Sudarshan , Turner Michael , Tucker Samuel , Jones Megan D. , Xiao Fei , Bhargava Ankush , Deshpande Deepak , Mokashi Shwetal , Johnson Travis , Raman Chandramouli , Ferguson Megan , Keller Mike , Donahue Scott , Bhutta Rajiv , Akella Mohan , Musani Parvez , Venkatesan Srinivasan , Guggina David , Furner John
Published: February 2024

Walmart built end to end optimization capabilities in its supply chain to make strategic and operational decisions consisting of network planning and transformation, routing and loading systems and a simulation platform. This optimization-empowered decision framework is evolving and transforming Walmart’s supply chain while keeping its Every-Day-Low-Price (EDLP) promise to its customers.
LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA EN EL SIGLO XXI
Authors: García Murillo José Guillermo , Esparza Hernández Bertha Alicia
Published: February 2024

La administración pública contemporánea enfrenta retos que deben ser atendidos de manera inmediata como son: la gobernabilidad, la gobernanza, la trasparencia y la rendición de cuentas, con el propósito de fortalecer la vida democrática del Estado en la toma de decisiones ciudadanas. A fin de ir limitando la opacidad y corrupción como elementos que han ocasionado el retraso social, político y económico del pueblo, la ética pública se convierte entonces en el baluarte del servicio público para impulsar una administración pública eficaz y eficiente como modelo de desarrollo, orden y progreso.
DIREITO PROCESSUAL E SUJEITOS VULNERÁVEIS (UM OLHAR COMPARATIVO ENTRE OS ORDENAMENTOS DA ARGENTINA E PORTUGAL)
Authors: Capelo Maria José , Mosmann Maria Vitória , De Lima Vieira Amanda , Cury Cesar Felipe , Clare Pochmann da Silva Larissa Clare
Published: February 2024

A vulnerabilidade processual é um dos temas mais relevantes quando se trata de preservar a isonomia entre os sujeitos parciais do processo, constituindo critério normativo com status principiológico que orienta o direito processual contemporâneo. Compreendida como um conceito inovador, a vulnerabilidade processual pode resultar em suscetibilidades que comprometem a prática de atos em juízo em razão de uma limitação involuntária do litigante decorrente de fatores individuais e/ou de ordem econômica, informacional, técnica ou organizacional de caráter permanente ou provisório. A análise da construção da vulnerabilidade é realizada em dois momentos distintos: de um lado, nas condições que a unidade de análise tem de uma situação de estresse, que lhe tornam mais ou menos propensa a uma suscetibilidade, de outro, existem as formas que a unidade de análise desenvolve para lidar com uma situação estressante, uma vez ocorrida, e que estão relacionadas à capacidade de ajuste. No presente artigo pretende-se, através da análise bibliográfica e legislativa de Portugal e da Argentina, realizar uma abordagem comparativa da vulnerabilidade processual sob a ótica da humanização do processo civil, buscando-se deixar claro que, embora conceitualmente ainda impreciso, o termo “vulnerabilidade” amplia a compreensão dos múltiplos fatores que fragilizam os sujeitos no exercício de sua cidadania. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir para o desenvolvimento teórico-dogmático do conceito jurídico de vulnerabilidade processual, permitindo-se, com isso, a adequada identificação e a necessária correção das assimetrias entre partes nas relações processuais e extraprocessuais. O estudo permite constatar que a existência de realidades socioculturais semelhantes entre Portugal e Argentina, com experiências comuns, permitiu investigar o papel do processo nos casos em que intervém uma pessoa em situação de vulnerabilidade - ou que é vulnerável no curso do processo -, tarefa que permite concluir que o conceito de tutela jurisdicional efetiva exige que o direito processual desempenhe um papel flexível e proporcional no caso, direitos debatidos e as pessoas envolvidas, buscando sua máxima efetividade para alcançar real igualdade de oportunidades processuais para que os indivíduos exerçam seu direito de acesso à justiça, sempre em um contexto de pleno cumprimento das garantias processuais.
Percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre a relevância do acolhimento para a gestão do cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Silva Tarciso Feijó da , Ramos Tatiana Cabral da Silva , Nascimento Vagner Ferreira do , Silva Pedro Henrique Souza , Vaz Ismael Fabrício
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: identificar a partir da percepção dos profissionais de saúde qual a relevância do acolhimento para a gestão do cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde.  Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório desenvolvido com 17 profissionais de uma unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista narrativa e a análise de conteúdo dos dados com o auxílio do ATLAS ti 7.1.8. Resultados: apesar dos profissionais atuarem no campo há mais de 3 anos e de suas práticas serem permeadas pelo vínculo, as percepções sobre o acolhimento foram distintas, sendo observado como dispositivo para organização do processo de trabalho, como ferramenta para orientação do acesso e das demandas e como estratégia de vigilância em saúde para produção do cuidado. Conclusão: a utilização que o profissional faz do acolhimento no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde acaba sendo ditada pelos fluxos e processos instituídos pela gestão, o que pode influir diretamente no acesso, no trabalho em equipe e na produção do cuidado em saúde.
Principal Support and Teacher Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Collective Teacher Efficacy
Authors: Đuranović Marina , Klasnić Irena , Vidić Tomislava
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the extent to which demographic variables, principal support and teacher self-efficacy contribute to the collective teacher efficacy. In the study, a non-probability purposive sample was used, which included 761 teachers working in compulsory primary schools in all parts of the Republic of Croatia. The first part of the administered online questionnaire provided data on sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, while in the second part, the following scales were used: The Principal Support Scale, The Teacher Sense of Teacher Efficacy Scale and The Collective Teacher Efficacy Scale. The results of the performed regression analyses show that: 1) the demographic variables - workplace, promotion to a higher rank and principal support have a predictive value in explaining teachers’ self-efficacy; 2) an average number of students per class, promotion to a higher rank, principal support, teacher engagement and teaching strategies have a predictive value in explaining collective teacher efficacy. The findings of this study will be discussed in terms of their potential impact and future research.
Critical Thinking-Independent Learning: A Model of Learning to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Hasyim Faiz , Prastowo Tjipto , Jatmiko* Budi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to develop a Critical Thinking-Independent Learning (CTIL) model to improve students' critical thinking skills that meet valid, practical, and effective criteria. This type of research was Research and Development (R&D), with a one-group pre-test and post-test design without a controlled class. The CTIL model was validated by three experts in the field of science education and then tested on 156 students in three public junior high schools in Surabaya, Indonesia. The results revealed that: (a) The CTIL model was valid based on the model validity score with an average of 3.73 (very good category) and the validity score of the learning materials with an average of 3.72 (very good category); (b) The practical CTIL model based on the averaged observations of the implementation of learning using the CTIL model was 3.88 (very good category); and (c) The CTIL model was effective based on four determining factors, namely: an increase in critical thinking skills, which was statistically significant at alpha .05; the calculated mean N-gain of .72 (high category), similar mean values for all test classes in all schools participated in this study; the effect size of 3.07 (strong category); and the average student response of 84% (very good category).
Prior Computation of the Stator Current Dynamic Response for Torque Ripple Reduction in AC Motor Drives
Authors: Ravi Hemantha Kumar , Nandagopal Sathyanarayanan , Chokkalingam Lenin Natesan
Published: February 2024

In electric vehicles, the performance of the electric motor drive system depends on the characteristics of the control scheme applied. This paper discusses the torque ripple in an induction motor drive scheme exclusively and also proposes a new scheme to minimize it. The major cause of the torque ripple in induction motor drive is the presence of a high stator torque component (q-axis current) ripple. In the proposed scheme, the inverter is switched with the optimal duty ratio for the minimum q-axis current ripple. This leads to a decrease in q-axis current error and eventually torque ripple reduction. The distortion of the stator current waveform is also limited and gives rise to lower total harmonic distortion (THD). The feasibility of this proposed duty ratio modulated (DRM) improved torque and flux control scheme is studied using the MATLAB/Simulink computation tool and validated through appropriate experimentation.
Extended Reality Platform for Metaverse Exhibition
Authors: Shin Choonsung , Oh Seokhee , Jeong Hieyong
Published: February 2024

This paper proposes a web-based extended reality (XR) platform integrating exhibitions based on augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). The proposed platform includes an XR cloud for managing and sharing data in XR spaces, a VR client for users, and an AR client for real-world users. The XR cloud is a web-based VR service responsible for managing objects and spatial information related to real and virtual spaces while simultaneously facilitating real-time information sharing and synchronization between AR and VR users. The VR client offers a virtual exhibition environment based on the virtual space and information for VR users. The AR client overlays virtual information over objects in a real space, allowing for intuitive interaction with them. The proposed XR platform was implemented with Oculus Quest 2 for VR and HoloLens 2 for AR and was evaluated in a small exhibition environment. In this experimental environment, VR and AR users were able to participate in the same exhibition from different spaces and share their experiences in real time.
EVASÃO NOS CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA EM FÍSICA: UM OLHAR ATRAVÉS DAS HISTÓRIAS DE VIDA
Authors: SILVA FERNANDO , Pojar Renata
Published: February 2024

A ausência de políticas públicas educacionais com foco na valorização profissional do professor contribui consideravelmente para a falta destes com formação específica e, consequentemente, de formação qualificada. Diante desta realidade, muitas e complexas podem ser as causas que evidenciam a situação, entretanto, a quantidade de formados é um problema latente, devido principalmente a grande evasão nos cursos de licenciatura em física. Deste modo, este estudo se propõe a investigar quais são os fatores que contribuem para a permanência do estudante, a partir da escolha pela profissão docente. Assim, buscamos responder e compreender este problema através da metodologia de histórias de vida, por métodos qualitativos de obtenção e análise dos dados com professores licenciados em Física através de uma entrevista semiestruturada de cunho autobiográfico. Pudemos identificar diferentes aspectos que justificaram a permanência dos professores no curso. E, destacamos que esses dados revelam que a questão é complexa, desenvolvendo-se em diferentes âmbitos, o que significa, também, que deve requerer diferentes formas de enfrentamento.
Multissensorialidade no ensino de física: por quais sentidos estamos caminhando?
Authors: Mendonça Marques Thaís , Batista Vilar Artur , De Almeida Barbosa Lima Maria da Conceição
Published: February 2024

A didática multissensorial proposta por Miquel Soler compreende um método pedagógico que utiliza todos os sentidos humanos possíveis para captar informações do meio que nos cerca. Soler defende que a multissensorialidade aponta caminhos viáveis para a inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual (cegos e com baixa visão). Com isso, torna-se uma ferramenta para o ensino e aprendizagem, pois permite explorar os demais sentidos, além da visão, na construção do conhecimento. Nesse viés, o presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar sobre possíveis potencialidades da utilização desta didática a fim de contribuir para pesquisas na área de ensino de física de maneira que as tornem mais acessíveis e inclusivas. Para debatermos a pergunta do título é realizada uma busca por artigos na plataforma Google Acadêmico publicados nos últimos cinco anos, 2019 a 2023, destacando as atividades mais recentes da área que envolvam a multissensorialidade voltadas à inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual.
WO3/Pt/PEG/SiO2 porous film for hydrogen sensing by the sol-gel method
Authors: Chu FengHong , Pei Dan , Bian ZhengLan , Sun YiSheng , Hu AnDuo , Zhang GuiLin , Xue Liang , Han JiaWen , Zhang JiaMeng
Published: February 2024

Tungsten oxide (WO3) has been widely used in hydrogen sensing due to its stable chemical properties and high oxygen vacancy diffusion coefficient. However, the response of pure WO3 to hydrogen is slow, and doping is an effective way to improve the hydrogen sensing performance of WO3 materials. In this paper, WO3/Pt/PEG/SiO2 porous film was prepared by the sol-gel method using tungsten powder, H2O2 and C2H5OH as precursors, polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the pore-forming agent, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the SiO2 source material. The sensing properties of the WO3 composite for hydrogen were characterized by a transmission optical fiber hydrogen sensing system made at home. The process parameters such as water bath time, aging time, W:PEG ratio, and W:TEOS ratio were optimized to improve the sensitivity and response time of the sensing film. The experimental results indicate that the sensitivity is 15.68%, the average response time is 45 s, and the repeatability is up to 98.74% in 16 consecutive tests. The linearity index R2 is 0.9946 within the hydrogen concentration range of 5000 ppm to 50,000 ppm. The film responds only to H2 when the concentration of interfering gases (CH4, CO, CO2) is 2000 ppm. The hydrogen sensing performance of the optimized film is significantly improved compared with that of the undoped film.
VO2 wire grid polarizers for MWIR applications
Authors: Lawandi Roseanna G. , Morden Dylan , Agha Imad , Vangala Shivashankar , Sarangan Andrew M.
Published: February 2024

Phase change materials (PCMs) have received a lot of attention recently due to their
ability to reversibly switch between phases producing large changes in
their optical and electrical properties.VO2 is unique compared to other
chalcogenide-based PCMs due to its volatile switching behavior,
allowing it to automatically reset when the thermal stimulus is
removed. It is able to switch between a metallic rutile phase and a
monoclinic semiconducting phase, making it an ideal candidate for
polarization control. In this paper, we demonstrate a VO2 wire grid polarizer with an
extinction ratio as high as 6 dB in the midwave infrared (MWIR)
spectrum that can be thermally turned on and off. We used a novel, to
the best of our knowledge, approach to fabricate these devices, using
conventional photolithography and lift-off processes on metallic
vanadium followed by thermal oxidation in a furnace. This is a
significantly simpler and a scalable procedure compared to current
processes of patterning and etching VO2.