bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Radiological and Clinical Findings in Recurrence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Akyüz Mehmet Emin , Kadıoğlu Hakan Hadi
Published: May 2022

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) is one of the most encountered types of intracranial hemorrhage in elderly patients. However reoperation rates are still high, therefore predicting of risk factors for recurrence is essential. In the current study, we aim to identify as many clinical and radiological factors as possible that can predict to the recurrence of CSH.A retrospective review of 291 CSH patients admitted to our department was performed. Clinical and radiological factors predictive for CSH recurrence were identified on univariable analyses at first, and variables with a p-value of <0.05 were entered into the multivariate logistic regression analyses.Univariate analyses revealed that preoperative midline shift (p=0.025), mix-density hematoma (p=0.023), internal architecture of hematoma (p=0.044), membranectomy (p=0.001), and ambient cistern compression (p=0.001) correlated with a significantly higher rate of recurrence. Multivariate analyses showed that seperated architecture, membranectomy and ambient cistern compression were independent risk factors for CSH recurrence. Among many factors, membranectomy, seperated architecture and ambients cistern compression were the strongest predictors for recurrence.
Seeing Radiology Curricula Through Turkish Medical Students’ Eyes: A Survey of Turkish Medical Schools’ Radiology Education
Authors: Ayas Görkem , Altinmakas Emre , Rohren Scott A. , Dogan Hakan , Dogru Omer F. , Koselerli Emir Y. , Turksanli Orkun , Efe Ege Ö. , Badawy Mohamed , Kamel Serageldin , Patel Parth , Elsayes Khaled M.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Radiology education is essential for non-radiologist specialists and practitioners as well as for radiologists. We conducted a survey to gather the opinions of Turkish medical students regarding their radiology curricula, radiology education content, and perceptions of various imaging modalities and to assess the amount, adequacy, and homogeneity of radiology education in various schools. METHODS: Turkish medical students were reached by student ambassadors from 10 different schools of medicine via social media and email. They were provided with a 20-question survey -- via the SurveyMonkey platform -- related to their radiology curriculum and their perceptions of the radiology education at their schools and of different imaging modalities. Subjective parameters were scaled by a 4-point Likert scale and the results are reported by percentages of students. RESULTS: A total of 988 medical students (F/M: 61%/39%) from 41 different medical schools participated in this survey. Of those, 57% were preclinical students (≤3rd year of medical school), while 43% were clinical students (>3rd year). More than half of the students (51%) stated that the amount of radiology education included in their curriculum was too little, while 44% of them stated it was just right and only 5% stated it was too much. Only 31% of the participants stated that they were able to review radiology images on their own. When asked about their level of confidence for identifying the position of lines and tubes, pneumonia, pneumothorax, and pleural effusion on chest radiographs, 41%, 39%, 41%, and 41% of the participants, respectively, stated that they were not confident. Thirty-five percent of the participants had not received any training in comparing normal to abnormal imaging of bone fractures, pneumonia, pleural effusion, subdural hemorrhage, or pneumothorax. The majority of the Turkish medical students in this survey had never heard (57%) nor used (64%) the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria. CONCLUSIONS: The radiology curriculum in Turkey differs among various schools and most students stated that preclinical radiology course content was inadequate. Further studies and improvements must be conducted to provide high-quality, equitable radiology education that begins during preclinical training with respect to the students’ opinions.
Gender Stereotypes and the Dynamics of Women Evaluation: a Study of Igbo Anthroponymic Systems
Authors: Ubelejit-Nte Adaku A. , Erondu Chinyere I.
Published: May 2022

The essentialist belief or perception that females are less valuable or are not worth as much as males and practices that mandate this behaviour portray age-long and ideological underpinnings that drive gender discrimination. The aim of this article is to examine how unwritten rules of society and constrained expectations about women influence some derogatory names given to female children and their cultural reconstructions over time given a positive life outcome. The study adopts Ernestine Friedl’s Social theory of gender and the Status Characteristic theory to challenge the perception that women are less valuable and explore ways in which normative expectations, male dominance and economic realities affect the values assigned to women in each culture. This is critical social research that investigated the semantic contents of some derogatory female Igbo names and their cultural reconstructions as changes in social context raised the cultural worth of those females in their life trajectories. It employed the ethnographic method of study with narratives, participant observation and informal interview methodology for collection of qualitative data. The paper analyses the gender-based values, ideologies and norms that mandate women devaluation and other relationships that have placed women in a subordinate status. It offers an emic understanding of a process of change that transforms negative attitudes toward women indicated by the new names given to them. The study recommends a cultural reorientation as a means to ‘break the bias’ and end all forms of discrimination against girls.
Stereodivergent Synthesis of Chiral Succinimides via Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation
Authors: Wang Fangyuan , Zhang Zongpeng , Chen Yu , Ratovelomanana-Vidal Virginie , Yu Peiyuan , Chen Gen-Qiang , Zhang Xumu
Published: May 2022

Chiral succinimide moieties are ubiquitous in biologically active natural products and pharmaceuticals. Until today, despite the great interest, little success has been made for stereodivergent synthesis of chiral succinimides. Herein, we report a general and efficient method for accessing 3,4-disubstituted succinimides through a dynamic kinetic resolution strategy based on asymmetric transfer hydrogenation. The Rh catalyst system exhibited high activities, enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities (up to 2000 TON, up to > 99% ee and up to > 99:1 dr). Products with syn- and anti-configuration were obtained separately with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities by control of the reaction conditions. For the N-unprotected substrates, both the enol and the imide group can be reduced by control of reaction time and catalyst loading. In addition, the detailed reaction pathway and origin of stereoselectivity were elucidated by control experiments and DFT calculations. This study offers a straightforward and stereodivergent approach to the valuable enantioenriched succinimides (all 4 stereoisomers) from cheap chemical feedstocks in a single reaction step.
Extensive chemometric analysis exploring the acid-base equilibrium and self-association of unsymmetrical bisacridines reveals characteristics possibly relevant for their anticancer activity
Authors: Kosno Michał , Laskowski Tomasz , Frackowiak Joanna E. , Potęga Agnieszka , Kurdyn Agnieszka , Andrałojć Witold , Borzyszkowska-Bukowska Julia , Szwarc-Karabyka Katarzyna , Mazerska Zofia
Published: May 2022

Unsymmetrical bisacridines (UAs), which represent a novel group of anticancer agents, were previously synthesized by our group. Our recent studies have shown high antitumor potential of UAs against multiple cancer cell lines and human tumor xenografts in nude mice. At the cellular level, they affected 3D cancer spheroid growth and their cellular uptake was selectively modulated by quantum dots. It was also demonstrated that UAs undergo metabolic transformations in vitro and in tumor cells. However, physicochemical properties responsible for the complex behaviour of UAs in aqueous solutions remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated UA properties in various concentrations and pH conditions for determination of pKa dissociation constants and exchangeable protons. This was achieved by detailed and complex chemometric analysis of UV-Vis spectra, further validated with NMR spectroscopy, and by interpretation of TOCSY and ROESY 2D NMR spectra. Moreover, principal component analysis of UV-Vis spectra allowed to assess the aggregation potential of the studied compounds. The obtained results indicate that general molecular properties of UAs in aqueous media, including their protonation state, self-association ratio and solubility, are strongly pH-dependent. In conclusion, we describe the detailed physicochemical characteristics of UAs, which contribute to the relevance of these potent drugs.
Study on the coupling effect of fuel physicochemical characteristic and intake pressure on HC emission
Authors: Wu XueShun , Li Zhiwen , Wang Lenian , Chu Yunlu , Xia Qi , Han Zhiqiang , Yan Yan , Wu Yi
Published: May 2022

The coupling impacts between intake pressure and fuel physicochemical properties on hydrocarbon (HC) emission were studied through testing a modified single-cylinder compression ignition engine at the intake pressures of 120 kPa, 150 kPa and 180 kPa, fueled with pure diesel (B00), n-butanol-diesel blends with the blend ratio of 20% n-butanol-80% diesel by mass (B20) and B20 + EHN (adding 0.7% mass fraction 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) into B20) respectively. The results showed that: when ignition delay period is basically the same, the difference in HC emission between B00 and B20 + EHN fuel is relatively small. In the meantime, critical points of intake oxygen concentration appeared under all intake pressures. When the intake oxygen concentration was lower than the critical point, the difference in in-cylinder combustion temperature caused by the difference in cetane number would amplify HC emission difference. At the intake pressures of 120 kPa, 150 kPa and 180 kPa, the critical point value of intake oxygen concentrations were 16%, 15% and 13% respectively.
Designing and fabricating an unprecedented wide temperature range of novel elastomer: simulation and experiment
Authors: Hou Guanyi , Hao Yingxue , Jiang Ruifeng , Li Sai , Lu Yonglai , Liu Jun , Zhang Liqun , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

The rapidly developing aerospace industry has a severe requirement for rubber components utilized for spacecraft, especially the resistance to extreme temperature difference because of the complex space environment. However, it is difficult to increase the service temperature range of the existing elastomeric materials based on the traditional methods. Herein, by introducing a new type of long-side chain siloxane (LCS) that is constituted by (-Si-O-) bond, we design a novel silicone elastomer with unprecedented wide temperature range (-149 ~ 400◦C). Meanwhile, we calculate the glass transition temperature (Tg) via two different methods (specific volume and conformational transition versus temperature), and analyze the segment conformational transition of molecular chains. Based on our results, when m = 4 and ϕ = 5% (m is referred to the amount of LCS, ϕ is referred to the content of LCS), the range of Tg is from − 145 ~ -149 ◦C, which realizes the maximum temperature range. Besides, compared with the traditional elastomer, this novel elastomer does not introduce other heteroatoms. This strategy of a wide temperature range of novel elastomer is anticipated to be applied in the design and fabrication of advanced tech-device used in the various extreme environments.
How to Predict Future Upcoming Harmful Agents: Array Type Meta-Predictor Based Classification
Authors: Kumar Surendra , Kumari Chandni , Ahn Sangjin , Kim Hyoungrae , Kim Mi-hyun
Published: May 2022

Molecular insights into chemical safety are very important for sustainable development as well as risk assessment. This study considers how to manage future upcoming harmful agents, especially potentially cholinergic chemical warfare agents (CWAs). For this purpose, structures of known cholinergic agents were encoded by molecular descriptors. And then each drug target interaction (DTI) was learned from the encoded structures and their cholinergic activities to build DTI classification models for five cholinergic targets with reliable statistical validation (ensemble-AUC: up to 0.790, MCC: up to 0.991, accuracy: up to 0.995). The collected classifiers were transformed to 2D or 3D array type meta-predictors for multi-tasking: (1) cholinergic prediction and (2) CWA detection. The detection ability of the array classifiers was verified under the imbalanced dataset between CWAs and none CWAs (area under the precision-recall curve: up to 0.997, MCC: up to 0.638, F1-sore of none CWAs: up to 0.991, F1-sore of CWAs: up to 0.585).
A case of Pazopanib-related colon ischemia with perforation
Authors: Chang ChihHsien , Lin Hung-Hsin , Yen Chueh-Chuan , Liang Wen-Yih
Published: May 2022

We report a 40-year-old man who was diagnosed with myxoid liposarcoma of left thigh in 2012. Patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation following postoperative tumor control; however, the disease continued to progress. Pazopanib was administered. Eight months later, patient experienced hollow organ perforation with septic shock, so emergency exploratory laparotomy was performed. During the operation, a 10-cm linear ulcer with a 0.2 × 0.1 cm perforation hole over the middle sigmoid colon was observed. Segmental colonic congestion with ischemic change was noted.Pazopanib is an oral small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor. According to the results of a phase III clinical trial of pazopanib in patients with soft tissue sarcoma, some uncommon adverse effects were described in the study, but bowel perforation was not noted. However, pazopanib is also used for renal cell carcinoma with metastasis. This indication of a phase III clinical trial has listed gastrointestinal (GI) perforation or fistula as an adverse effect. Considering the complication of colon ischemia, similar to that with other vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors, we emphasize the risk of colon perforation under long-term use of pazopanib.
Association of A Novel ADS Score and Overall Survival in Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Chu Liang-Zhao , Yang Hua , Zhao Ze-Jing , Li Jia-Xi , Peng Han , Liu Yan-Hui , Zhou Xing-Wang
Published: May 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), albumin-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) and albumin-AFR-dNLR score (ADS) on the prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients.Patients and Methods: The clinical data of 142 GBM patients were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analyses were performed to assess the predictive role of ADS in GBM patients.Results: There were 142 patients enrolled in the present study. Among these patients, 58 were female, and 84 were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 55±13.78 years. The mean fibrinogen, albumin, AFR, and dNLR were 2.95±0.93g/L, 42.48±3.78g/L, 15.84±5.14 and 3.09±3.90, respectively. Fifty patients had ADS of 0, 53 had ADS of 1, 27 had ADS of 2 and 12 had ADS of 3. In univariate analysis, patients age≥60 years (HR: 1.912;95%CI:1.217-2.878, p=0.002), albumin ≥41.7g/L(HR: 0.614; 95%CI: 0.417-0.905, p=0.014), AFR ≥13.9(HR: 0.649; 95%CI:0.440-0.958, p=0.029), dNLR ≥3.3(HR: 1.609;95%CI:1.024-2.529, p=0.039), ADS<1(HR: 0.378;95%CI:0.241-0.592), p<0.001 ), KPS<80(HR:1.826,95%CI:1.218-2.738,p=0.004), chemotherapy(HR: 0.455;95%CI:0.304-0.682, p<0.001) and gross total resection(HR: 0.380;95%CI:0.257-0.564, p<0.001) were correlated with the prognosis of GBM patients. In multivariate analysis (Table 5), AFR ≥13.9(HR:0.614; 95%CI:0.336-0.828), dNLR≥3.3(HR: 1.923; 95%CI: 1.115-3.316) and ADS<1(HR:0.301;95%CI:0.153-0.592) were associated with overall survival of GBM patients(all p<0.05). Furthermore, ADS, as continuous variable in multivariate analyses, maintained statistical significance after adjusted by confounding factors.Conclusion: ADS, AFR, and dNLR are independent prognostic factors in patients with GBM.
Effect of anesthetics on postoperative nausea and vomiting after peripheral vascular surgery in end-stage renal disease patients: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Cho Ho Bum , Park Sun Young , Chung Ji Won , Koo Wan Mo , Choi Sang Jin , Song Sanghoon , Yoo Jae Hwa , Kim Mun Gyu
Published: May 2022

Propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is considered a prophylactic approach to decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Despite general anesthesia commonly being performed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, PONV in ESRD patients has not been well-described. We investigated PONV in peripheral vascular surgery under general anesthesia in ESRD patients. To compare PONV between propofol-based TIVA and anesthesia with volatile anesthetics, we collected retrospective data from patients who underwent peripheral vascular surgery under general anesthesia from July 2018 to April 2020. We performed univariable and multivariable analyses, including factors that could be associated with PONV and those previously shown to affect PONV. A total of 1,699 peripheral vascular surgeries under general anesthesia in ESRD patients were eligible for analysis. Based on the multivariable analysis, TIVA (odds ratio [OR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35–0.60; P < 0.001) significantly decreased PONV. Female sex (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.44–2.38; P < 0.001) and anesthetic duration (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.01; P < 0.001) were associated with increased PONV. Propofol-based TIVA is the most influential factor decreasing PONV after peripheral vascular surgery in ESRD patients. Anesthesiologists can apply propofol-based TIVA as an alternative to anesthesia with volatile anesthetics.
Regorafenib with or without a programmed cell death protein 1 antibody as third-line treatment for microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: He Wen-Zhuo , Wang Lei , Yin Chen-Xi , Yi Jia-Hong , Jin Ya-Nan , Jiang Chang , Guo Gui-Fang , Xia Liang-Ping
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Although the use of regorafenib plus nivolumab demonstrates promising outcomes in patients with refractory microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), other studies failed to observe such an effect. In addition, a comparison between regorafenib combined with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibodies and regorafenib monotherapy has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to assess whether regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody is superior to regorafenib monotherapy as third-line treatment for MSS mCRC.
Methods
Patients with MSS mCRC who received regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody or regorafenib monotherapy as third-line treatment were eligible for inclusion.
Results
In total, 179 patients were enrolled, of which 95 administered regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody and 84 administered regorafenib monotherapy. Overall, patients who administered regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody had similar progression-free survival (PFS) outcomes as those on regorafenib monotherapy (median PFS was 2.4 months and 1.9 months, respectively, P = 0.086). The administration of regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody showed significantly longer PFS than regorafenib monotherapy in both male (5.2 months vs. 2.4 months, P = 0.001) and female (3.9 months vs. 1.8 months, P = 0.037) patients without liver metastasis. Unexpectedly, female patients with liver metastasis who administered regorafenib combined with a PD-1 antibody showed inferior PFS outcomes than those who administered regorafenib monotherapy (1.8 months vs. 2.0 months, P = 0.030).
Conclusion
Liver metastasis and gender were predictors of survival benefit following the addition of a PD-1 antibody to regorafenib in patients with MSS mCRC.
A Hybrid Deep Learning Methodology for Breast Cancer Diagnosis using Magnetic Resonance Images
Authors: Mirbagheri Seyyedreza , Momeni Maryam
Published: May 2022

Today, breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer in women. Precise diagnosis of cancerous tissues based on images is essential in disease treatment before the disease progression. Although there are several image techniques for diagnosing, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contains extensive clinical information which usable with other image modalities such as mammography and ultrasound. In this study, the hybrid of an autoencoder network with ResNet architecture was proposed to significantly improve classification accuracy to diagnose breast cancer lesions into two categories: benign and malignant in MR images. Using the MR breast cancer images of the QIN-Breast database, the results present the employment of an autoencoder as a preprocessor can enhance the efficiency of CNN and ultimately lead to an accurate diagnosis of benign and malignant tissues by 97.65%. The proposed method significantly improved the classification from the point of view of speed, accuracy, and precision. This cancerous tissue classification was employed only using MR images without manual segmentation and feature extraction.
Factors Associated with the Adult Children’s Willingness to Utilize Elderly Medical Escort Service for Outpatient Visit In China: A Mixed-methods Research
Authors: Zhou Huanhuan , Wang Yuhan , Hu Xianyu , Luo Shangqun , Lu Jue , Yan Min , Zhang Linlin , Li Xiaona
Published: May 2022

Background: China is facing big pressure due to its high aging rate. Compared to other age groups, the elderly are characterized by a high number of multiple chronic diseases and need to frequently visit hospitals. However, most seniors are unable to independently complete medical treatments in smart hospitals with complex self-help integrated machines, scattered departments, popular appointment registration, and convenient mobile payment, and need to be accompanied by their adult children. Medical escorts might replace the offspring’s role, but their willingness to utilize elderly medical escort service (EMES) is associated with different factors.Methods: This sequential mixed-methods research was performed in communities across three cities in Jiangsu Province, China. It included a cross-sectional survey with a convenient sample size of 1936 participants having medical experiences with the elderly, and face-to-face interviews with 21 individuals. The quantitative survey was used to determine the participants’ expectations and acceptability of EMES. The semi-structured interview was performed to explore the barriers and facilitators of utilizing EMES.Results: Among 1936 individuals that responded to the questionnaire, 68.2% were willing to use the EMES. The willingness to utilize EMES was associated with long-distance separation from seniors [OR=0.79, 95% CI (0.63-0.98), p=0.033], difficulties in taking leaves to accompany the elderly to medical appointments [OR=1.39, 95% CI (1.11-1.73), p=0.003], outpatient satisfaction [OR=1.24, 95% CI (1.13-1.36), p＜0.001], payment for EMES [OR=2.56, 95% CI (2.07-3.18), p＜0.001], escorts being trained [OR=2.35, 95% CI (1.80-3.07), p＜0.001] and licensed [OR=1.31, 95%CI (1.01-1.72), p=0.044], and EMES being graded [OR=1.93, 95% CI (1.48-2.51), p＜0.001]. Both data suggested that regarding training, participants paid more attention to professional ethics. Additionally, the traditional Chinese culture of filial piety can not be ignored while using EMES.Conclusions: This survey indicated that the demands of the children’s willingness to utilize EMES are high and urgent. The results might guide EMES providers to improve their professional skills especially ethics and combine the need for children to do their filial duty that would be welcomed by users.
Transcriptional Factor KLF11 is a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in human sporadic invasive breast cancer
Authors: Lin Lili , Pfender Kristina , Ditsch Nina , Kuhn Christina , Rahmeh Martina , Peng Lin , Schmoeckel Elisa , Mayr Doris , Trillsch Fabian , Mahner Sven , Kessler Mirjana , Jeschke Udo , Hester Anna
Published: May 2022

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by distinct molecular subtypes. Krüppel like Factor (KLF) family members in BC have been widely studied. However, the roles of KLFs as tumor-promoters or tumor-suppressors are context-dependent. KLF11, as a member of this family, the expression pattern and prognostic relevance of which in BC remains unclear.Methods To clarify whether KLF11 acts as a tumor-promoter or a tumor-suppressor in BC, we explored the prognostic role of the KLF11 in BC patients by performing immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of KLF11 in 298 patients samples. Then we correlated the expression to clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes. To investigate the function of KLF11 in tumor cells, we performed different assays of cell viability, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis assays in three distinct molecular subtypes of BC cell lines with siRNA-mediated loss-of-function of KLF11.ResultsIn the BC patient cohort, We demonstrated that KLF11 was higher in highly proliferative BC and lowest in luminal A-like BC. Furthermore, "KLF11-high" BC patients had shorter disease-free survival (DFS), distant-metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). High KLF11 expression remained an independent indicator for DFS and DMFS of BC. The multivariate cox regression-dependent, KLF11-related nomograms of DFS and DMFS showed high accuracy in predicting BC patients' 3-,5- and 10 -year survival probability. Our results indicate that KLF11 might play a pro-tumor role in BC.From the KLF11-BC tumor cells perspective, the cellular functional assays confirmed that KLF11 acts as a pro-tumor transcription factor (TF) in BC cells via promoting proliferation and/or decreasing cell apoptosis. However, due to neoplastic intratumor heterogeneity, different cancer molecular subtypes could have different underlying mechanisms.ConclusionsPrior research has demonstrated that KLF11 expression is lower in BC compared to healthy breast tissue. However, we now could show that high KLF11 expression in BC is probably pro-tumorigenic and is associated with an impaired prognosis. Our study indicates that KLF11, as a transcriptional factor, acts as a new prognostic biomarker and might also be potentially a synergistic or an alternative therapeutic target for conventional targeting treatments of human BC.
Comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writers, erasers, and readers in endometrial cancer
Authors: Ralser Damian , Condic Mateja , Klümper Niklas , Ellinger Jörg , Staerk Christian , Egger Eva , Kristiansen Glen , Mustea Alexander , Thiesler Thore
Published: May 2022

Purpose: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most frequent type of messenger RNA (mRNA) modification and is implicated in diverse physiological processes. The procedure of m6A RNA modification is regulated by a dynamic interaction of ‚writers’ (METTL3, METTL4, METTL14, WTAP, KIAA1429), ‚erasers’ (FTO, ALKBH5), and ‚readers’ (HNRNPA2B1, HNRNPC, YTHDC1, YTHDC1, YTHDF1-3). In the oncological context, alterations in m6A were identified to be critically involved in tumorigenesis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and drug resistance across diverse cancer entities including endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: In this study, we comprehensively examined the protein expression of m6A writers, readers and erasers by immunohistochemical staining in a cohort of N=65 EC patients. Protein expression data were analyzed with regard to clinical outcomes. Results: We identified enhanced protein expression levels of METTL3, METTL14, FTO, HNRNPA2B1, and HNRNPC, respectively to be of prognostic value and linked to a shortened overall survival in EC. Conclusion: Overall, our study points towards dysregulated m6A modification in EC and its possibility to serve as a promising prognostic biomarker.
B. adolescentis Orchestrates CD143 + CAFs to Suppress Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Wnt signalling-regulated GAS1
Authors: Chen Shujie , Fan Lina , Lin Yifeng , Qi Yadong , Xu Chaochao , Ge Qiwei , Zhang Ying , Wang Qiwen , Jia Dingjiacheng , Si Jianmin , Wang Liangjing
Published: May 2022

Background
The interplay between gut microbiota and tumor microenvironment (TME) in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is largely unknown. Here, we elucidated the functional role of B. adolescentis (B.a) and its possible mechanism on the manipulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in CRC.
Methods
The relative abundance of B.a in the patients with CRC or the healthy individuals was analyzed. The role of B.a was evaluated in the CRC animal models. The single cell-RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the cell subsets in the TME. The expression level of Wnt signaling and its downstream GAS1 in CAFs were explored by western blot and qRT-PCR. Overexpression of GAS1 in NIH/3T3 was performed to investigate its effect on the subcutaneous tumor formation. Multi-immunofluorescence assay examined the expression level of CD143 and GAS1 on the tissue array.
Results
We found that B. a abundance was significantly reduced in CRC patients from two independent cohorts and the bacteria database of GMrepo. Supplementation with B. a suppressed ApcMin/+ spontaneous or AOM/DSS-induced tumorigenesis in mice. scRNA-seq revealed that B. a facilitated a new subset CD143+CAFs to highly express GAS1 and GAS1+CAFs existed a suppressive effect. Mechanistically, GAS1 were activated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CD143+CAFs. B. a abundance was correlated with the expression level of CD143 and GAS1. The level of CD143+CAFs predicted the more satisfied survival in CRC patients.
Conclusions
These results highlight that B. a induced a new subset CD143+CAFs and provides a novel therapeutic target for probiotic-based modulation of TME in CRC.
Low contrast CTA before transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lacy Spencer C. , Benjamin Mina M. , Osman Mohammed , Syed Mushabbar A. , Kinno Menhel
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The use of low contrast CTA for TAVR is desirable in patients with renal dysfunction but is not yet well established. This systematic review and meta-analysis compares low contrast computed tomography angiography (CTA) versus conventional CTA in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) planning.Methods: We performed a systematic literature review to identify clinical studies comparing imaging strategies for patients with aortic stenosis undergoing TAVR planning. The primary outcomes of image quality as assessed by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were reported as random effects mean difference with 95% confidence interval. No prior ethical approval was required since all data is public. Results: Our search yielded 126 potential studies. We included 6 studies reporting on 353 patients. There was no difference in SNR between the low-dose and conventional protocols with a mean difference of -1.42 (95% CI -5.71-2.88, p = 0.52). There was no difference in CNR between the low-dose and conventional protocols with a mean difference of -3.83 (95% CI -9.98-2.32, p = 0.22).Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that low contrast CTA for TAVR planning provides similar image quality to conventional CTA.
Equity-Efficiency Coordination Index of the Medical and Health Service System in China: 1991–2020
Authors: ZHAO Na , CHEN Kai
Published: May 2022

Background: This study measured the equity-efficiency of China’s Medical and Health Service System (MHS) from 1991 to 2020 – a period of medical and health system reform in China.Methods: Data were obtained from the China Statistical Yearbook 1992–2021. We developed a calculation method for the equity-efficiency coordination index to guide our exploration of the equity and efficiency of China’s MHS. This generated a broad, but nuanced understanding of the relationship between equity and efficiency. The equity of the MHS was calculated as the ratios between urban and rural residents’ individual cash health service expenditure as part of their disposable incomes, respectively. The efficiency of the MHS was estimated by means of the DEA-Malmquist model. We then established a Cartesian coordinate system, with equity as the horizontal axis and efficiency as the vertical axis. The optimal coordinated development state was located on the straight line without deviation, that is composed of points where equity and efficiency are equal. Finally, we constructed the equity-efficiency coordination index model according to the deviation between the actual position and the ideal position.Results: The equity of China’s MHS has significantly improved from 1998 to 2007, and the medical expenditure burden of rural residents was reduced compared with those of urban residents. After 2008, the gap in the equity of the MHS slowly widened. From 1995 to 2007, the efficiency of the MHS fluctuated and developed at a low level. The implementation of the new medical reform promoted the efficiency of the MHS. Conclusions: With the realization of universal medical insurance, the efficiency has been stable at a high level. In short, since the reform the construction of China’s MHS has undergone a comprehensive system reconstruction and reintegration. From the beginning to the realization of universal medical insurance, the equity of the MHS has been substantially promoted and the efficiency of the system has been improved.
The potential impacts of climate change on agriculture and fisheries production in 72 tropical coastal communities
Authors: Cinner Joshua E. , Caldwell Iain , Thiault Lauric , Ben John , Blanchard Julia L. , Coll Marta , Diedrich Amy , Eddy Tyler D. , Everett Jason D. , Folberth Christian , Gascuel Didier , Guiet Jerome , Gurney Georgina G. , Heneghan Ryan F. , Jägermeyr Jonas , Jiddawi Narriman , Lahari Rachael , Kuange John , Liu Wenfeng , Maury Oliver , Müller Christoph , Novaglio Camilla , Palacios-Abrantes Juliano , Petrik Colleen M. , Rabearisoa Ando , Tittensor Derek P. , Wamukota Andrew , Pollnac Richard
Published: May 2022

Climate change is expected to profoundly affect key food production sectors, including fisheries and agriculture. However, the potential impacts of climate change on these sectors are rarely considered jointly, and when they are, it is often at a national scale, which can mask substantial variability in how communities will be affected. Here, we combine socioeconomic surveys and intersectoral multi-model simulation outputs to conduct a sub-national analysis of the potential impacts of climate change on fisheries and agriculture in 72 coastal communities across five Indo-Pacific countries. Our study reveals three key findings: First, we find that the overall potential losses to fisheries is higher than potential losses to agriculture, but there is substantial within-country variability. Second, while more than two-thirds of locations will bear a double burden of potential losses to both fisheries and agriculture simultaneously, mitigation could reduce the proportion of places facing a double burden. Third, lower socioeconomic status communities are more likely to experience potential impacts than higher socioeconomic status communities.
Ordinary differential equations defined by a trigonometric polynomial field: Behavior of the solutions
Authors: OUKIL Walid
Published: May 2022

See manuscript PDF file for complete Abstract:We consider the ordinary differential equations defined by a trigonometric polynomial field, we prove that any solution $x$ admits a "rotation vector" $\rho\in \mathbb{R}^n$. More precisely, the function $t\mapsto x(t)-\rho t$ is bounded on time and it is a "weak almost periodic" function of "slope" $\rho$.
Reliquien jener grossartigen Bewegung
Authors: Jahnke Carsten
Published: May 2022

Scholarly research on the history of the Hanse rests on two massive pillars: The Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetage (HR) and the Hansisches Urkundenbuch (HUB), in which the sources for the deliberations of the Hanseatic Diet and for Hanseatic commerce respectively are published. However, these two series are artificial creations, which sprung from the mind of their 19th century editors and their mentors. After all, the Hanse was a loose-jointed organisation which never established a central repository for its own documents or systematically collected disparate materials in one place. How, then, did the 19th century editors come to conceive of these two monumental series without anything in the past to guide them? This article investigates the editors’ approach and methods, their criteria of selection and their editing principles. One can only conclude that both series had massive defects, even by the standards of their time. Their editors were clearly guided by the 19th century’s highly politicized historiography. Far from giving a balanced, representative view of the Hanseatic past, they are disturbingly skewed, clearly intended to mould the published record to fit the political agenda of their times. This fact, little noticed by subsequent historians, has had far-reaching consequences for scholarly endeavors up to the present day.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DEXDOR AND DIPRIVAN FOR SEDATION IN UROLOGICAL OPERATIONS UNDER SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Redko Serhiy I. , Shkatula Yurii V. , Tkachenko Yuliia A. , Steblovskaya Diana A.
Published: May 2022

Currently, anesthesiologists-resuscitators have a large number of sedatives (hypnotics, general anesthetics, anxiolytics), but many of them, in addition to the main action, give a number of side effects or do not provide optimal sedation. On the other hand, there are new modern drugs for sedation, thus, the need to correct existing regimens of sedative therapy is quite timely and necessary.
The aim of the study was to examine the advantages and disadvantages of different sedation methods in patients with urological profile operated under spinal anesthesia.
80 patients (54 men and 26 women) who underwent urological surgery under balanced anesthesia (spinal anesthesia in combination with drug sedation) were examined. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 40) – sedation with dexdor, group 2 (n = 40) – sedation with diprivan. The level of sedation was assessed using the RAMSEY scale, the degree of post-anesthesia recovery on the Bidway five-point scale, and anesthesia satisfaction was assessed using the Lowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale (ISAS). The degree of hemodynamic disorders was determined by continuous monitoring of heart rate, blood pressure and ECG. The normality of the distribution was checked using the Shapiro–Wilk method. The Mann–Whitney test was used to assess the statistical significance of the difference between the two independent groups.
Results. The study showed that a deeper level of sedation during surgery was observed in the second group (sedation with diprivan). In this group, postoperative drowsiness was also higher both during the first 15 minutes and 30 minutes after surgery. Despite the fact that patients receiving dexdor had more superficial sedation, they generally showed significantly higher overall satisfaction with anesthesia. The study proved the effectiveness and safety of both drugs for sedation in urological patients under spinal anesthesia. However, a number of important advantages of dexdor were found as compared to diprivan. Dexdor, due to its ability to cause mild to moderate sedation, allows the patient to contact staff, almost does not suppress respiration, lets the patient feel comfortable and causes sufficient retrograde amnesia.
CORRELATIONS OF BODY MASS INDEX WITH CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DEPENDING ON AGT (RS699) GENE POLYMORPHISM
Authors: Repchuk Yuliia V. , Sydorchuk Larysa P.
Published: May 2022

The aim. To analyze the correlations between body mass index (BMI) and clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with essential hypertension (EAH) depending on AGT gene (rs699) polymorphism.
Materials and methods. The case-control study involved 72 patients with stage II EAH, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure (BP), high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVD) (29.16% (21) men, 70.84% ​​(51) women). The mean age of patients was 59.87 ± 7.98 y.o. The control group consisted of 48 healthy individuals comparable in age and gender. Polymorphism of the AGT gene (rs699) was detected by polymerase chain reaction. BMI was defined as the ratio of weight to square of height (kg/m2).
Results. The correlation matrix showed a direct relationship between BMI and anthropometric parameters of waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and WC/HC ratio (r = 0.70–0.81; p ≤ 0.022), vitamin D level (r = 0,65; p = 0.043) and the reverse with the level of ionized Ca2+ in the blood (r = -0.71; p = 0.02) among TT-genotype carriers; in TC-genotype carriers BMI was directly related to WC and HC (r = 0.68; p < 0.001 and r = 0.84; p < 0.001), as well as the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (r = 0,43; p = 0.004), with a negative correlation with the level of vitamin D (r = -0.38; p = 0.011); in CC-genotype carriers, a direct link was found between BMI and WC and HC (r = 0.73; p < 0.001 and r = 0.78; p < 0.001).
Conclusions. Thus, the correlation matrix showed that BMI directly depended on the anthropometric parameters of WC, HC and/or WC/HC (r = 0.68-0.84; p ≤ 0.022-0.001) regardless of the AGT gene genotypes (r = 0,52-0.86; p ≤ 0.02-0.001) and inversely correlated with the ionized Ca2+ level in the blood (r = -0.71; p = 0.02), but only in TT-genotype carriers of the AGT gene (rs699).
On the R-matrix realization of quantum loop algebras
Authors: Liashyk Andrii , Pakuliak Stanislav
Published: May 2022

We consider rr-matrix
realization of the quantum deformations of the loop algebras
\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}𝔤̃
corresponding to non-exceptional affine Lie algebras of type
\widehat{\mathfrak{g}}=A^{(1)}_{N-1}𝔤̂=AN−1(1),
B^{(1)}_nBn(1),
C^{(1)}_nCn(1),
D^{(1)}_nDn(1),
A^{(2)}_{N-1}AN−1(2).
For each U_q(\tilde{\mathfrak{g}})Uq(𝔤̃)
we investigate the commutation relations between Gauss coordinates of
the fundamental \mathbb{L}𝕃-operators
using embedding of the smaller algebra into bigger one. The new
realization of these algebras in terms of the currents is given. The
relations between all off-diagonal Gauss coordinates and certain
projections from the ordered products of the currents are presented.
These relations are important in applications to the quantum integrable
models.
Global symmetry and conformal bootstrap in the two-dimensional $O(n)$ model
Authors: Grans-Samuelsson Linnea , Nivesvivat Rongvoram , Jacobsen Jesper , Ribault Sylvain , Saleur Hubert
Published: May 2022

We define the two-dimensional O(n) conformal field theory as a theory that includes the critical dilute and dense O(n) models as special cases, and depends analytically on the central charge.
For generic values of n\in\mathbb{C}n∈ℂ, we write a conjecture for the decomposition of the spectrum into irreducible representations of O(n).
We then explain how to numerically bootstrap arbitrary four-point functions of primary fields in the presence of the global O(n) symmetry.
We determine the needed conformal blocks, including logarithmic blocks, including in singular cases.
We argue that O(n) representation theory provides upper bounds on the number of solutions of crossing symmetry for any given four-point function.
We study some of the simplest correlation functions in detail, and determine a few fusion rules. We count the solutions of crossing symmetry for the 30 simplest four-point functions. The number of solutions varies from 2 to 6, and saturates the bound from O(n) representation theory in 21 out of 30 cases.
Holographic S-fold theories at one loop
Authors: Behan Connor
Published: May 2022

A common feature of tree-level holography is that a correlator in one theory can serve as a generating function for correlators in another theory with less continuous symmetry. This is the case for a family of 4d CFTs with eight supercharges which have protected operators dual to gluons in the bulk. The most recent additions to this family were defined using S-folds which combine a spatial identification with an action of the S-duality group in type IIB string theory. Differences between these CFTs which have a dynamical origin first become manifest at one loop. To explore this phenomenon at the level of anomalous dimensions, we use the AdS unitarity method to bootstrap a one-loop double discontinuity. Compared to previous studies, the subsequent analysis is performed without any assumption about which special functions are allowed. Instead, the Casimir singular and Casimir regular terms are extracted iteratively in order to move from one Regge trajectory to the next. Our results show that anomalous dimensions in the presence of an S-fold are no longer rational functions of the spin.
The Future and Network of Jeju Industry
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Sohn Yeun-Sook
Published: May 2022

Jeju is one of the most famous tea producing areas in Korea with high reputation and competitiveness throughout the countrywide. Most of all, a beautiful tea garden, museum, and experience space run by AMOREPACIFIC have become a place that anyone who visits Jeju wants to go. This study starts from a simple question about the insecurity of current status, how long will this penalty of popularity be maintained. The future has countless factors that threaten us with uncertainty. However, these features make infinite possibilities for the future and enable creative actions through future predictions.
The purpose of this study is to explore and predict obstacles and opportunity factors in the uncertain future environment and combine them with Jeju s tea assets to develop a more dynamic future framework as tomorrow s discourse on Jeju s tea industry. In order to logically shape these needs and causality, this study derives its implications by accessing and reorganizing various literature and statistics on major aspects such as future population trends, economic and industrial trends, and environmental changes. While linking them to the results of the SWOT analysis of Jeju tea industry, it is possible to suggest the future blueprint of Jeju tea industry with direction and measures to achieve them.
Ultimately, the future of Jeju tea industry depends on how we strategically fuse and network future values. Jeju could be the epicenter of a lifestyle hub that breaks away from the traditional hub concept.
A Study on Implementation of Ancestral Ritual Formalities Depending on Socio-Cultural Variables
Authors:   Association for International Tea Culture, Lee Hyang-sook
Published: May 2022

This study grasped how modern men’s ancestral ritual formalities are actually implemented & what difference exists depending on socio cultural variables through questionnaire and analyzes by using SPSS PACKAGE Program. How ancestral ritual formalities culture will vary later is to be profoundly investigated through this result. Further, it will be taken as basic data to establish desirable ancestral ritual formalities culture later.
Out of 10 socio-cultural variables, the most significant variable for implementation of ancestral ritual formalities is religion and hometown, gender, age, marital status, fraternal priority, etc are also found to be significant variables. Among them, religious variable is quite significant variable which affects implementation of ancestral ritual formalities. Thus, religious conflict over ancestral ritual formalities is expected to continue later. Respective religious situation needs to be understood to cope with such situation. Given that Confucian ancestral rites mainly based on the eldest son exist, it is clear that paternal jus sanguinis still prevails in Korean society. However, such succession of ancestral rites mainly based on masculine seems to be gradually changed, because homes having only 1 child or only daughter are increasing gradually.