bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of early mobilization and rehabilitation on complications in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Karic Tanja , Røe Cecilie , Nordenmark Tonje Haug , Becker Frank , Sorteberg Wilhelm , Sorteberg Angelika
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE

Early rehabilitation is effective in an array of acute neurological disorders but it is not established as part of treatment guidelines after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). This may in part be due to the fear of aggravating the development of cerebral vasospasm, which is the most feared complication of aSAH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of early rehabilitation and mobilization on complications during the acute phase and within 90 days after aSAH.

METHODS

This was a prospective, interventional study that included patients with aSAH at the neuro-intermediate ward after aneurysm repair. The control group received standard treatment, whereas the early rehab group underwent early rehabilitation and mobilization in addition to standard treatment. Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with aSAH, progression in mobilization, and treatment variables were registered. The frequency and severity of cerebral vasospasm, cerebral infarction acquired in conjunction with the aSAH, and acute and chronic hydrocephalus, as well as pulmonary and thromboembolic complications, were compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS

Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with aSAH were similar between the groups. The early rehab group was mobilized beginning on the first day after aneurysm repair. The significantly quicker and higher degree of mobilization in the early rehab group did not increase complications. Clinical cerebral vasospasm was not as frequent in the early rehab group and it also tended to be less severe. Each step of mobilization achieved during the first 4 days after aneurysm repair reduced the risk of severe vasospasm by 30%. Acute and chronic hydrocephalus were similar in both groups, but there was a tendency toward earlier shunt implantation among patients in the control group. Pulmonary infections, thromboembolic events, and death before discharge or within 90 days after the ictus were similar between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Early rehabilitation of patients after aSAH is safe and feasible. The earlier and higher degree of mobilization does not increase neurosurgical complications. Rather, the frequency and severity of cerebral vasospasm following aSAH are alleviated and are not aggravated by early rehabilitation.

Clinical trial registration no.: NCT01656317 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Relevance of Simpson grading system and recurrence-free survival after surgery for World Health Organization Grade I meningioma
Authors: Nanda Anil , Bir Shyamal C. , Maiti Tanmoy K. , Konar Subhas K. , Missios Symeon , Guthikonda Bharat
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE

The clinical significance of the Simpson system for grading the extent of meningioma resection and its role as a predictor of the recurrence of World Health Organization (WHO) Grade I meningiomas have been questioned in the past, echoing changes in meningioma surgery over the years. The authors reviewed their experience in resecting WHO Grade I meningiomas and assessed the association between extent of resection, as evaluated using the Simpson classification, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients after meningioma surgery.

METHODS

Clinical and radiological information for patients with WHO Grade I meningiomas who had undergone resective surgery over the past 20 years was retrospectively reviewed. Simpson and Shinshu grading scales were used to evaluate the extent of resection. Statistical analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional-hazards regression.

RESULTS

Four hundred fifty-eight patients were eligible for analysis. Overall tumor recurrence rates for Simpson resection Grades I, II, III, and IV were 5%, 22%, 31%, and 35%, respectively. After Cox regression analysis, Simpson Grade I (extensive resection) was revealed as a significant predictor of RFS (p = 0.003). Patients undergoing Simpson Grade I and II resections showed significant improvement in RFS compared with patients undergoing Grade III and IV resections (p = 0.005). Extent of resection had a significant effect on recurrence rates for both skull base (p = 0.047) and convexity (p = 0.012) meningiomas. Female sex and a Karnofsky Performance Scale score > 70 were also identified as independent predictors of RFS after resection of WHO Grade I meningioma.

CONCLUSIONS

In this patient cohort, a significant association was noted between extent of resection and rates of tumor recurrence. In the authors' experience the Simpson grading system maintains its relevance and prognostic value and can serve an important role for patient education. Even though complete tumor resection is the goal, surgery should be tailored to each patient according to the risks and surgical morbidity.
L'étrange pérennité du droit de propriété sur les eaux souterraines. A propos de la décision du TGI d'Angers en date du 12 juillet 2001
Authors: Varnerot Valérie
Published: April 2016

En décidant que ne commet ni abus de droit ni faute celui qui use de la faculté de s'approprier les eaux souterraines s'écoulant dans son tréfonds, même si cela a pour effet d'assécher les fonds voisins, dès lors que son exercice est exempt d'intention de nuire et que l'administration n'a pris aucune mesure limitative des pompages, le TGI d'Angers confère des contours égoïstes au droit de propriété sur les eaux souterraines et nie la fonction écologique qui lui est dévolue par le droit de l'environnement. En effet, le but prééminent de préservation et de protection de la ressource en eau ne s'adosse pas exclusivement à des instruments de planification et à une réglementation de police. Il renouvelle la déontologie gouvernant la mise en œuvre des prérogatives du propriétaire, inféodé à un usage respectueux de la ressource. Afin de garantir le respect de cette finalité, le juge dispose d'un ensemble d'instruments : une articulation des concepts du droit commun et du droit de l'environnement doit lui permettre d'assurer une régulation efficace de l'interdépendance des droits subjectifs sur l'eau et le respect des objectifs poursuivis par le droit de l'environnement.
Durabilité, développement durable et droit hellénique
Authors: Haïdarlis M.
Published: April 2016

La dynamique qu'a créée la notion de développement durable, surtout après la Conférence de Rio, est indéniable. Toutefois, il est tout aussi indéniable que le contenu de cette notion est particulièrement large et difficile à établir. En conséquence, une question se pose d'elle-même : le principe du développement durable a-t-il un contenu normatif ? Peut-il, en d'autres termes, constituer un principe juridique au contenu obligatoire ? La réponse est négative. Dans un premier temps, le présent article découvre des analogies importantes entre le développement durable et la stratégie de l'aménagement du territoire, telle que celle-ci se développe ces dernières années sous l'influence du schéma du développement de l'espace communautaire. Dans un second temps, il considère ledit principe comme un principe juridique sui generis, en essayant d'établir les conditions qui pourraient accentuer sa portée négative, néanmoins toujours relative.
Les réserves naturelles en 45 ans et deux mouvements : évolution, involution
Authors: Cans Chantal
Published: April 2016

Rares sont les politiques publiques de protection des espaces naturels qui auront changé de logique aussi souvent, en si peu de temps, que celle des réserves naturelles. En quelque quatre décennies, les régimes se sont succédé, d'abord dans le sens d'un renforcement et d'une identification plus forte : en 1957, il s'agit principalement d'offrir des terrains d'étude aux scientifiques pour la recherche sur les interactions entre les milieux et les espèces, et de compléter le régime des sites scientifiques pour permettre l'adaptation des réglementations. En 1976, c'est l'édiction d'un régime autonome qui est mise en avant, mettant en adéquation les nécessités de protection et les moyens réglementaires d'y parvenir.

La réforme que viennent d'opérer les lois n° 2002-92 du 23 janvier 2002 relative à la Corse et surtout n° 2002-276 du 27 février 2002 relative à la démocratie de proximité ne semble pas suivre cette évolution et l'on peut s'interroger sur la volonté du législateur : les cartes sont particulièrement brouillées, aucun objectif clair n'est affiché. Les débats parlementaires sont muets sur les intentions qui ont conduit à la suppression définitive des réserves naturelles volontaires, ou bien à l'impossibilité de réglementer la chasse, la pêche ou les extractions de matériaux ailleurs que dans des « réserves nationales » créées par l'Etat.
Dynamic 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT and static image in NET patients
Authors: Van Binnebeek Sofie , Koole Michel , Terwinghe Christelle , Baete Kristof , Vanbilloen Bert , Haustermans Karine , Clement Paul , Bogaerts Kris , Verbruggen Alfons , Nackaerts Kris , Van Cutsem Eric , Verslype Chris , Mottaghy Felix , Deroose Christophe
Published: April 2016

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the dynamic parameters (Ki) and static image-derived parameters of 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET, to determine which static parameter best reflects underlying somatostatin-receptor-expression (SSR) levels on neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Patients, methods: 20 patients with metastasized NETs underwent a dynamic and static 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET before PRRT and at 7 and 40 weeks after the first administration of 90Y-DOTATOC (in total 4 cycles were planned); 175 lesions were defined and analyzed on the dynamic as well as static scans. Quantitative analysis was performed using the software PMOD. One to five target lesions per patient were chosen and delineated manually on the baseline dynamic scan and further, on the corresponding static 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET and the dynamic and static 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET at the other time-points; SUVmax and SUVmean of the lesions was assessed on the other six scans. The input function was retrieved from the abdominal aorta on the images. Further on, Ki was calculated using the Patlak-Plot. At last, 5 reference regions for normalization of SUVtumour were delineated on the static scans resulting in 5 ratios (SUVratio). Results: SUVmax and SUVmean of the tumoural lesions on the dynamic 68Ga-DO-TATOC-PET had a very strong correlation with the corresponding parameters in the static scan (R²: 0.94 and 0.95 respectively). SUVmax, SUVmean and Ki of the lesions showed a good linear correlation; the SUVratios correlated poorly with Ki. A significantly better correlation was noticed between Ki and SUVtumour(max and mean) (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: As the dynamic para meter Ki correlates best with the absolute SUVtumour, SUVtumour best reflects underlying SSR-levels in NETs.
Marked hybridization and introgression in Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys in the western Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Cotrim Helena , Monteiro Filipa , Sousa Eva , Pinto Manuel J. , Fay Michael F.
Published: April 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Orchids in the genus Ophrys represent extraordinary cases of tight coevolution between plants and their pollinators, and as a result, they present opportunities for studying hybridization, or a lack thereof, during speciation. However, few studies assess the real effect of hybridization in diversification. The three most representative species of section Pseudophrys in the western Iberian Peninsula—O. dyris, O. fusca, and O. lutea—were chosen to study evolutionary relationships and examine speciation.

METHODS:

Using eight specific nuclear microsatellite loci, 357 individuals from 28 locations were studied; 142 of these samples were also studied with four plastid microsatellite loci. Data were analyzed using Bayesian cluster analysis, a median‐joint network, and multivariate analysis.

KEY RESULTS:

Many O. dyris and O. fusca specimens had three or four alleles and were therefore treated as tetraploid. Ophrys dyris is poorly genetically separated from O. fusca, and pure populations are rare. Ophrys fusca and O. lutea are distinct, but hybrids/introgressed individuals were detected in most of the populations and supported by plastid haplotypes. Ophrys fusca is subdivided into three well‐delimited genetic lineages with a strict geographic correspondence confirmed by plastid haplotypes.

CONCLUSIONS:

Because postzygotic barriers are weak, leakage in this highly specialized orchid‐pollinator system contributes to hybridization and introgression. These leakages may have occurred during periods of past climate change, promoting homogenization and the potential for generations of new biodiversity via production of novel genotypes/phenotypes interacting with pollinators.
Comparative transmission genetics of introgressed chromatin in Gossypium (cotton) polyploids
Authors: Waghmare Vijay N. , Rong Junkang , Rogers Carl J. , Bowers John E. , Chee Peng W. , Gannaway John R. , Katageri Ishwarappa , Paterson Andrew H.
Published: April 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Introgression is widely acknowledged as a potential source of valuable genetic variation, and growing effort is being invested in analysis of interspecific crosses conferring transgressive variation. Experimental backcross populations provide an opportunity to study transmission genetics following interspecific hybridization, identifying opportunities and constraints to introgressive crop improvement. The evolutionary consequences of introgression have been addressed at the theoretical level, however, issues related to levels and patterns of introgression among (plant) species remain inadequately explored, including such factors as polyploidization, subgenome interaction inhabiting a common nucleus, and the genomic distribution and linkage relationships of introgressant alleles.

METHODS:

We analyze introgression into the polyploid Gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton) from its sister G. tomentosum and compare the level and pattern with that of G. barbadense representing a different clade tracing to the same polyploidization.

KEY RESULTS:

Across the genome, recurrent backcrossing to Gossypium hirsutum yielded only one‐third of the expected average frequency of the G. tomentosum allele, although one unusual region showed preferential introgression. Although a similar rate of introgression is found in the two subgenomes of polyploid (AtDt) G. hirsutum, a preponderance of multilocus interactions were largely within the Dt subgenome.

CONCLUSIONS:

Skewed G. tomentosum chromatin transmission is polymorphic among two elite G. hirsutum genotypes, which suggests that genetic background may profoundly affect introgression of particular chromosomal regions. Only limited correspondence is found between G. hirsutum chromosomal regions that are intolerant to introgression from the two species, G. barbadense and G. tomentosum, concentrated near possible inversion polymorphisms. Complex transmission of introgressed chromatin highlights the challenges to utilization of exotic germplasm in crop improvement.
Oldest record of Metrosideros (Myrtaceae): Fossil flowers, fruits, and leaves from Australia
Authors: Tarran Myall , Wilson Peter G. , Hill Robert S.
Published: April 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Myrtaceous fossil capsular fruits and flowers from the northwest of Tasmania, in the Early Oligocene‐aged Little Rapid River (LRR) deposit, are described. The reproductive organs are found in association with Myrtaceous leaves previously thought to belong to a fleshy‐fruited genus, Xanthomyrtus at both LRR, and an Eocene Tasmanian site at Hasties, which are reassessed with fresh morphological evidence.

METHODS:

Standard Light Microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate cuticular characters and an auto‐montage camera system was used to take high‐resolution images of fossil and extant fruits. Fossils are identified using a nearest living relative (NLR) approach.

KEY RESULTS:

The fossil fruits and flowers share a number of characters with genera of capsular‐fruited Myrtaceae, in particular sharing several synapomorphies with species of Metrosideros subg. Metrosideros (tribe: Metrosidereae). The fossil is here described, and named Metrosideros leunigii, sp. nov.

CONCLUSIONS:

This research establishes the presence of Metrosideros (aff. subg. Metrosideros) in the Eocene‐Oligocene (∼40‐30 mya) of Tasmania, Australia. This is the first fossil record of Metrosideros in Australia, as well as the oldest conclusive fossil record, and may provide evidence for an Australian origin of the genus. It is also yet another example of extinction in the Tertiary of a group of plants on the Australian mainland that is only found today on nearby Pacific landmasses.
CHANGING THE NATIONAL HEIGHT SYSTEM AND GEOID MODEL IN LATVIA
Authors: Balodis Janis , Morozova Katerina , Silabriedis Gunars , Kalinka Maris , Balodis Kriss , Mitrofanovs Ingus , Baltmane Irina , Jumare Izolde
Published: April 2016

According to the decision of IAG Reference Frame Sub-commission for Europe (EUREF) the EVRF2007 solution as the vertical reference has to be deployed in EU countries.The new height system LAS-2000,5 had been enacted as the European Vertical Reference System‘s EVRF2007 realization in Latvia and the new geoid model LV‘14 had been introduced by Latvian authority Latvian Geospatial Information Agency. However, the appreciation of the quality of quasi-geoid model LV‘14 is rather contradictious among the users in Latvia. The independent estimate and comparison of the two Latvian geoid models developed till now has been performed by the Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics. Previous geoid model LV98 which was developed for Baltic-1977 height system almost 20 years ago is outdated now. Preparatory actions described in order to fulfil the task of comparison the geoids in two different height systems. The equations and transformation parameters are presented in this article for the normal height conversion from Baltic-1977 height system to the Latvian realization named LAS-2000,5. The comparison is performed of both Latvian quasigeoid models – the new one LV‘14 and previous LV98. The quality of both models estimated by controlling the geoid heights at the properly densified GNSS/levelling network sites. The distribution of discrepancies in comparison with normal distribution N(x,μ,s) is depicted in corresponding figures. For LV‘14 quasi-geoid model the standard deviation of discrepancies is 3.2 cm, 75% of discrepancies x ≤ 3.2 cm. For LV98 quasigeoid model the standard deviation of discrepancies is 4.7 cm, 80% of discrepancies x ≤ 6 cm. Without doubt, the newly developed LV‘14 quasi-geoid model is of higher quality.
Communication Solutions by Improving Interactive Art Projects
Authors: Vainalavičiūtė Gintarė
Published: April 2016

The article examines the emergence of new forms of expression in modern society such as technology, which makes the traditional art active and the users are drawn into the processes of creation and dissemination. Interactive art technology gradually integrates more and more people to be interested on it because of its innovative and interesting concept and idea. Interactive art removes traditional boundaries between the artist and “public”. Appearance of the new modern technologies in the art provoked the development of the interactive art which later evolved into some other forms of art as cinema, interactive dance, music and etc. The article is based on Lithuanian and foreign academic works, interactive art definition is provided the theoretical aspect of an interactive art projects is highlighted. The modern theories of marketing communications are defined. To solve examined issues marketing communication model with highlighted key elements is proposed.
The Different Other and Dialogue
Authors: Mickūnas Algis
Published: April 2016

The main theses of the article show the ways that various groups, whether ethnic, racial, religious or even ideological fall prey to monological positions without recognizing their own limitations. Thus they assume a “universal” position as all inclusive and true to reality itself. Those who hold such a position are not cognizant that without dialogical engagement there would not be a position. In this sense, the dialogical encounter allows one to have a position and its limitation. Moreover, monological positions tend to define others in such a way, that the others accept such definitions and become part of a specific monologue. The article is designed to show the ways of extricating oneself from monological posturing.
ON THE LAMPPOST MODEL OF ACCRETING BLACK HOLES
Authors: Niedźwiecki Andrzej , Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Szanecki Michał
Published: April 2016

We study the lamppost model, in which the X-ray source in accreting black hole (BH) systems is located on the rotation axis close to the horizon. We point out a number of inconsistencies in the widely used lamppost model relxilllp, e.g., neglecting the redshift of the photons emitted by the lamppost that are directly observed. They appear to invalidate those model fitting results for which the source distances from the horizon are within several gravitational radii. Furthermore, if those results were correct, most of the photons produced in the lamppost would be trapped by the BH, and the luminosity generated in the source as measured at infinity would be much larger than that observed. This appears to be in conflict with the observed smooth state transitions between the hard and soft states of X-ray binaries. The required increase of the accretion rate and the associated efficiency reduction also present a problem for active galactic nuclei. Then, those models imply the luminosity measured in the local frame is much higher than that produced in the source and measured at infinity, due to the additional effects of time dilation and redshift, and the electron temperature is significantly higher than that observed. We show that these conditions imply that the fitted sources would be out of the e± pair equilibrium. On the other hand, the above issues pose relatively minor problems for sources at large distances from the BH, where relxilllp can still be used.
AN ORDERED BIPOLAR OUTFLOW FROM A MASSIVE EARLY-STAGE CORE
Authors: Tan Jonathan C. , Kong Shuo , Zhang Yichen , Fontani Francesco , Caselli Paola , Butler Michael J.
Published: April 2016

We present ALMA follow-up observations of two massive, early-stage core candidates, C1-N and C1-S, in IRDC G028.37+00.07, that were previously identified by their

N

2

D

+

(3-2) emission, and show high levels of deuteration of this species. The cores are also dark at far-infrared wavelengths up to

∼
100

μ
m

. We detect 12CO(2-1) from a narrow, highly collimated bipolar outflow that is being launched from near the center of the C1-S core, which is also the location of the peak 1.3 mm dust continuum emission. This protostar, C1-Sa, has associated dense gas traced by

C

18

O

(2-1) and DCN(3-2), from which we estimate that it has a radial velocity that is near the center of the range exhibited by the C1-S massive core. A second outflow-driving source is also detected within the projected boundary of C1-S, but it appears to be at a different radial velocity. After considering the properties of the outflows, we conclude that C1-Sa is a promising candidate for an early-stage massive protostar and as such it shows that these early phases of massive star formation can involve highly ordered outflow, and thus accretion, processes, similar to models developed to explain low-mass protostars.
ISOTOPIC RATIOS OF CARBON AND OXYGEN IN TITAN’S CO USING ALMA
Authors: Serigano Joseph , Nixon C. A. , Cordiner M. A. , Irwin P. G. J. , Teanby N. A. , Charnley S. B. , Lindberg J. E.
Published: April 2016

We report interferometric observations of carbon monoxide (CO) and its isotopologues in Titan’s atmosphere using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The following transitions were detected: CO (J = 1–0, 2–1, 3–2, 6–5), 13CO (J = 2–1, 3–2, 6–5), C18O (J = 2–1, 3–2), and C17O (J = 3–2). Molecular abundances and the vertical atmospheric temperature profile were derived by modeling the observed emission line profiles using NEMESIS, a line-by-line radiative transfer code. We present the first spectroscopic detection of 17O in the outer solar system with C17O detected at >8σ confidence. The abundance of CO was determined to be 49.6

±

1.8 ppm, assumed to be constant with altitude, with isotopic ratios 12C/13C = 89.9

±

3.4, 16O/18O = 486

±

22, and 16O/17O = 2917 

±

359. The measurements of 12C/13C and 16O/18O ratios are the most precise values obtained in Titan’s atmospheric CO to date. Our results are in good agreement with previous studies and suggest no significant deviations from standard terrestrial isotopic ratios.
Studies in Hawaiian Diptera III: New Distributional Records for Canacidae and a New Endemic Species of Procanace
Authors: O'Grady Patrick , Pak Nina
Published: April 2016

The distributions of Hawaiian Canacidae, comprising nearly 800 individual collection events, are reviewed and a total of four new island records are reported. These include Canaceoides angulatus from Kahoolawae and Procanace bifurcata from Molokai and Maui, and Procanace constricta from Oahu. A new species from Kauai, Procanace hardyi O'Grady and Pak, is described. This species is closely related to P. constricta from Oahu, Maui, Molokai and Hawaii and shares a similar constriction of the abdomen between tergites four and five but differs in the configuration of the seventh abdominal tergite. Detailed distribution maps for all species are included.
L’appropriation des réseaux socionumériques et les arts de l’encadrer : pour une prise en compte des rapports de force entre utilisateurs et dispositifs
Authors: Stenger Thomas , Coutant Alexandre
Published: April 2016

L’enthousiasme pour les réseaux socionumériques est associé à une grande variété d’usages et de finalités qui révèle une forte flexibilité des dispositifs. Avec près d’un milliard et demi d’utilisateurs actifs chaque mois, Facebook constitue un cas particulièrement intéressant pour étudier l’appropriation d’une plateforme socionumérique. Quelles sont précisément les formes d’appropriation ? Comment ces plateformes gèrent-elles ces appropriations ? À partir d’une analyse secondaire de données qualitatives issues de deux projets de recherche, une variété de cas d’appropriations est analysée grâce au développement d’un cadre théorique original réunissant les approches d’Akrich (1998) et de Certeau (1990). La première approche permet d’identifier et de décrire les formes-types d’appropriations opérées par les utilisateurs. La seconde permet de comprendre quelles formes sont encouragées, tolérées ou prohibées par les plateformes. Les rapports de force entre utilisateurs et dispositifs sont révélés à travers leurs positions tactiques ou stratégiques. Les contours d’un management de l’appropriation sont ainsi esquissés en distinguant cinq « arts d’encadrer » l’appropriation qui correspondent aux arts de faire avec l’appropriation des utilisateurs. La recherche s’inscrit dans la perspective socio-politique de l’appropriation des SI et contribue à la théorisation d’un management de l’appropriation des SI. Loin de consacrer un usager tout puissant ou de célébrer l’empowerment des utilisateurs, elle souligne que l’appropriation est un rapport de force, largement en faveur des dispositifs dans le cas des réseaux socionumériques.
Drivers and barriers to pre-adoption of strategic scanning information systems in the context of sustainable supply chain
Authors: Lesca Nicolas , Caron-Fasan Marie-Laurence , Loza Aguirre Edison , Chalus-Sauvannet Marie-Christine
Published: April 2016

Cette recherche porte sur l’adoption d’un système d’information (SI) de veille stratégique (VS). Plus précisément, elle porte sur la phase de pré-adoption, c’est-à-dire l’émergence de l’idée d’un tel système et l’évaluation de son besoin pour l’organisation, en amont de considérations technologiques. La question de recherche est la suivante : quels sont les motivations et les freins qui influencent la pré-adoption d’un SI de VS ? L’objectif est ainsi de contribuer à enrichir les connaissances sur un sujet qui a été peu abordé dans la littérature. L’originalité de l’article est de mobiliser les travaux sur les processus porteurs de changements institutionnels isomorphiques du cadre néo-institutionnel pour étudier la pré-adoption dans le champ de la VS. Sur la base d’une démarche multi-méthodes, qui combine étude exploratoire qualitative et quantitative, dans le contexte spécifique de la logistique durable (LD), nos résultats révèlent 31 motivations et freins à la pré-adoption d’un SI de VS, dont dix nouveaux, et cinq types de pressions. Ils suggèrent ainsi que la pré-adoption d’un SI de VS peut être soumise à la fois à des pressions fonctionnelles et institutionnelles. Elle peut être motivée par des objectifs de compétitivité et de mimétisme, et freinée par des objectifs de performance et par l’absence de pressions coercitives. Ces résultats questionnent finalement la compréhension par les entreprises du caractère stratégique du SI de VS, ainsi que le rôle et la responsabilité de l’Etat dans le développement de la LD et l’adoption de SI de VS dans le contexte de la LD.
La peine après la peine
Authors: Noali Loup
Published: April 2016

Parce que la prison ne se limite pas, loin s’en faut, à la privation de liberté, la libération du prisonnier met fin à la sanction mais non au châtiment. Il existe ainsi une peine après la peine pouvant s’étendre sur le très long terme, voire à vie. Notre réflexion qui s’appuie sur une expérience prolongée de l’enfermement et de la vie après la peine, propose une analyse des retombées psychiques et comportementales de l’incarcération, celles d’un état de stress post-traumatique (ESPT) consécutif à l’incarcération. Il est non seulement déterminé par de gros chocs carcéraux et un mode de vie profondément dénormalisant mais également par une forte stigmatisation et, en interaction étroite, une conscience coupable souvent vive et répandue. L’article en décrit les conséquences collatérales, tant pour les proches des anciens condamnés que pour la communauté, mais aussi divers modes de coping qui visent à atténuer les blessures psychiques et leurs effets désinsérants.
Education Technology Disposable Information
Authors: Iaquinta Rosa , Iaquinta Tiziana
Published: April 2016

The educational comparison between past and present, in information technology, makes obvious how much innovation influences didactics and the relationship students have with knowledge and competences. Tools accelerate relationships and information, often, though; obsessive use of technology determines an impoverishment of one's personal knowledge. This ties young people even more to Internet connections to fill these gaps. Wearable technologies might represent a concrete possibility of overcoming the knowledge gap, by offering, in any place, at any time and in any situation, some definite supports to reassure us about any of our occasional or well-established forms of interaction lack. How much of what we know and take care of, our personal heritage, contributes to determining who we are, our way of acting, thinking, planning, interacting and loving? The article aims to reflect on wearable relationship to education, by offering some data resulting from an Italian experience a secondary high school.
Wearable Technology Spending
Authors: Ribeiro Jason
Published: April 2016

Very little research has examined the applications wearable technologies can have in education despite industry experts forecasting major growth in the global market for these innovative devices (Futuresource Consulting, 2015). Notwithstanding this profound challenge, in the next 3 to 5 years school districts will need to make multimillion-dollar investments into supporting these technologies as they begin to enter the learning environment. Given this gap in the research literature, this chapter explores the potential decision-making challenges school districts and their leaders will have to face when wearables become more commonplace in education. Using the Strategic Model for Technology Acquisition (Ribeiro, 2015), the author outlines both the innovative opportunities and potential problems wearables pose for both school leaders and stakeholders in the near future. Moreover, this chapter is meant to serve as an informative resource for education leaders and presents strategic and research-validated approaches for procuring and supporting wearable technologies.
Digital Badges
Authors: Hudgins Talitha , Holland Janet L.
Published: April 2016

Digital badges provide credentials to demonstrate successful student acquisition of knowledge, skills, and experience. The digital badges can especially excel at demonstrating new and emerging technology experiences through the use of wearable devices tailored to prepare students for the modern work place. Digital badges become virtual tracking systems making it possible to show students' specific learning, skills, and ultimately their employability. Not only do they record data on the individual student, they can track the institution and issuer each student has interacted with. With each successive use of such badges, a virtual narrative can be recorded reflecting how the badge was earned, what criteria was used, what standards were met, the rigor, and the different levels of learning.
Wearable Cameras
Authors: Drivet Alessio
Published: April 2016

Wearable Technologies represent an emerging theme. Probably the next emerging market where companies will focus. These devices are replacing entire categories of electronic objects in everyday life and affect the way we live, work and socialize. Among the many applications available, the author limits attention to the field of the smart video cameras. This chapter examines some of the most interesting applications of wearable cameras, with special reference to the Italian situation. In particular, the text traces a summary of the main applications in sports, spying, police, army, education, health, disabilities, and lifelogging. A part is devoted to “wearable extensions” and the concept of augmented reality.
Design and Development of Educational Multimedia
Authors: Arpaci Ibrahim
Published: April 2016

The decision to implement new technologies such as smart glasses, smart phones, and tablets in an educational setting without determining optimal use scenarios is an evident universal problem as the adoption of such mobile platforms becomes widespread. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with two Science and Technology (S & T) and three Information Technology (IT) public school instructors to further investigate this significant problem. The constant comparative method was used to analyze the qualitative data resulting from these interviews. Preliminary results demonstrate the educational use of tablet computers has several advantages, along with a few limitations needing to be addressed. Specifically, one of the main limitations of these new instructional technologies is the lack of interactive content, embodied in the audio, video, and pictorial multimedia. The urgent need to address this limitation has motivated the development of multimedia software to work seamlessly on tablet computers.
Mobile Technologies for Student Centered Learning in a Distance Higher Education Program
Authors: Amhag Lisbeth
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study is to analyze mobile technologies for student centered learning in a distance higher education program with a focus on mobile online webinars (web-based seminars or conferencing) using mobile applications such as laptops, smart phones, or tablets. As wearable technologies continue to grow it could very well extend to smart glasses, smart watches etc. These tools can provide face-to-face interactions, recording flipped classrooms and parallel chat communications. The data collection consists of observations of ten online face-to-face webinars with 22 students, six interviews, and two surveys. Theoretically, the study joins the research tradition of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning with emphasis on collaboration, and Computer Self-Efficacy concerned with individuals' media and information literacy. Important conclusions from the study demonstrated mobile interactions increased student centered learning on theoretical concepts, assisted in the ability to review information critically, and provided experiences bridging professional teaching practices.
Google AdSense as a Mobile Technology in Education
Authors: Hassan Azizul , Privitera Donatella S.
Published: April 2016

Google AdSense, a cost per click (CPC) advertising programme for those wishing to place ads on their website. Arguable viewed as promising in business, this literature review identifies key features of this promise when applied to education. This chapter connects business and education to identify Google AdSense as a valid tool and subject matter to be considered for use within the mobile and wearable technology curriculum. This chapter suggests considering positive outcomes generated using Google AdSense for incorporation into an education curriculum. Google AdSense should be applied to create more reasons to attract diverse user groups. This chapter also identifies the importance of Google needing a set of regulatory policies and procedures to avoid misuse of Google AdSense. In cases where monetary transactions occur, a possibility of violating the set terms and conditions exists. The chapter concludes with a clear call for inclusion of Google AdSense in an education curriculum.
Trends in Wearable Technologies for Earth Science
Authors: Woolman Thomas A.
Published: April 2016

In this chapter, we discuss the need for wearable technologies for earth science field research, a discipline that can be both extremely physically rigorous and even potentially dangerous at times. The field is also technically challenging because of environmental conditions as well as often being conducted in remote offline regions. Current trends in available wearable technology devices suitable for earth science applications are explored, in addition to describing possible modifications to existing wearable technologies in order to make them deployable, practical offline-capable geoscience systems. Offline Health and safety monitoring systems designed to operate on a low-powered personal body-area network system as well as offline (non-internet dependent) wearable communication technologies are particularly addressed. These types of wearable technologies represent some of the most complex aspects in this field as well being some of the most customizable systems with highly configurable components for remote back country fieldwork functionality.
Developing an Elementary Engineering Education Program through Problem-Based Wearable Technologies Activities
Authors: Barker Bradley S. , Nugent Gwen , Grandgenett Neal , Keshwani Jennifer , Nelson Carl A. , Leduc-Mills Ben
Published: April 2016

This chapter describes the efforts and pilot study results of the Nebraska 4-H Wearable Technologies (WearTec) project, funded by the National Science Foundation's Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) program. The overall goal for the three-year WearTec project is to study a systematic set of learning experiences focused upon the use of wearable technologies to effectively support student comprehension of the engineering design process and to increase interest in STEM academics and careers by students in grades 4 to 6. The key components of the WearTec project include (a) utilizing small sewable electronic components; (b) a focus on engineering design; (c) computer programming via the LilyPad Arduino microcontroller, and (d) bridging the formal and non-formal learning environments in order to deliver the WearTec project.
Smart Device Clickers
Authors: Mattos Érika Bertozzi de Aquino , Guimarães Isabelle Mazza , Gonçalves da Silva Alexander , Barreto Claudia Marcia Borges , Teixeira Gerlinde Agate Platais Brasil
Published: April 2016

In the traditional instructional paradigm, faculty members act like actors on a stage. They memorize their speech and deliver it to the audience, many times with very little to no interaction at all with the audience. On the other hand, in the student-centered learning paradigm, faculty members act like coaches interacting full time with their team. This chapter is based on a study conducted at a Brazilian Federal University. The study depicts the distance between science production and teaching, and reports on experiences using smart phone clickers to track and analyze students' content acquisition. The objective is to improve the interactive quality of teaching and learning, thus promoting steps to shift towards a student-centered instructional paradigm. Although smartphones were used in this study, with wearable technologies continuing to grow, other wearables such as smart glasses and smart watches could be used instead.
Risk Based Integrity Management System for FLNG Hull Structure
Authors: Ilahi Mahboob , Kar Suman , Mukherjee Kaushik , Ayob M. Sapihie B.
Published: April 2016

Risk based inspections (RBI) of FLNG Hull structure provide an optimum solution to maintain the structural integrity of FLNG Hull structure. Implementing the methodology provides strategic planning for maintenance by reducing the anticipated risk. Hence, ensuring uninterrupted service of the FLNG carrier throughout the service life.

This paper presents a systematic approach for maintenance of the integrity of FLNG Hull. The methodology offers a procedure to acquire necessary design data, inspection plans, operational and maintenance records to maintain the integrity. RBI process is used for FLNG in order to investigate all degradation and failure mechanisms. The RBI will ensure that inspection and monitoring activities will be concentrated on structural critical elements (SCE) that contribute the most to the risk. These structures will be identified by qualitative and semi-quantitative risk assessment methods.

The methodology requires all necessary data e.g. design, operation, inspection and maintenance. All components are tagged for identification purpose. Different possible damage mechanisms are identified. Qualitative Risk Assessment are performed along with Reliability Analysis. Risk is evaluated based on 5×5 PETRONAS HSE Risk Matrix. A practical and optimum risk based inspection framework is prepared prioritizing maintenance and repair work. The whole process is in line to meet all the integrity requirements from stability for continuous operations.

The methodology offers optimum solution to ensure the integrity of FLNG hull during the service life is intact for continuous operation.
A New Classified Combination System of In-Depth Profile Modification for Multilayered Commingled Reservoir in China Offshore Oilfield
Authors: Xiaofei Jia
Published: April 2016

To solve the problem of poor effect of single profile modification agent for multilayered commingled reservoir in offshore oilfield at high water-cut stage, a new classified combination system of in-depth profile modification system was designed based on reservoir characteristics.

Pressure index method was studied for profile modification decision-making, laboratory experiments was studied for screening classified combination system for profile modification, water-swelling property of particle in dispersed phase were tested, porous flow theory was studied for matching relationship between reservoir pore-throat and particle size, a model for calculating particle size which matched the original reservoir was built by using Weibull distribution function, and the model was modified by considering pore structure change after longtime waterflooding and formation heterogeneity, and particle diameter range which matched the post-reservoir formation was obtained with taking particle water-swelling property into account.

Laboratory experiments showed that injection of high-intensity(final frozen strength 0.07 MPa) profile modification agent in continuous phase after injection of low-intensity(final frozen strength 0.05 MPa) agents provided a recovery efficiency which was 3.1% higher than that by reverse injection sequence, and injection of profile modification agent with small particle size(initial particle size 0.5-3.0 µm) in dispersed phase after that with large particle size(initial particle size 50-500 nm) contributed a recovery efficiency which was 4.1% higher than that by reverse injection sequence. Highest plugging rate was obtained when the ratio of dispersed phase particle size after expansion to that of pore throat inside formation was 1, and it was required that initial particle diameter was less than 1/7 of pore throat diameter, and minimum particle diameter after expansion was greater than 1/3 of pore throat diameter. Proposed technology was applied in SZ oilfield. Results from two well patterns which conducted proposed technology in 2014 indicated that water cut reduction ranged from 5.0% to 13.0%, accumulative oil production increased by 3,4000 m3 and oil recovery of the pilot zone was enhanced by about 0.5%, which suggests that new classified combination system of in-depth profile modification had good prospect in conventional heavy oil reservoirs of China offshore oilfield.

If appropriate profile modification agent is selected according to the reservoir property and optimized combination of profile modification system is designed, the best effect of profile modification at high water-cut stage can be achieved. Classified combination system of in-depth profile modification based on reservoir characteristics is a new idea and it is an effective way for developing multilayered commingled reservoir at high water-cut stage, it is also an important trend to adjust the water injection profile for high water-cut stage reservoir.
A Novel Mining Approach for Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits
Authors: Spagnoli G. , Rongau J. , Denegre J. , Miedema S. A. , Weixler L.
Published: April 2016

Sulfidic polymetallic ore deposits, known as seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) occur on the seabed as precipitation products from hot hydrothermal solutions as a result of mixing with cold seawater and are usually found at depths between 1,500 and 4,100 m. These deposits are formed basically in tectonically active spreading zones of oceans (mid-ocean ridges and "back-arc" spreading systems) and are the result of the global heat transfer from the mantle above the oceanic crust into the water column. In these SMS deposits, metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) as well as trace elements of silver (Ag), gold (Au) and rare antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), and indium (In) are present. This paper describes a novel technology for mining SMS deposits based on the vertical cutting approach developed by a joint research between BAUER Maschinen GmbH and Technip. A hyperbaric mathematical cutting model has been used to calculate the forces needed to excavate SMS deposits in water depth up to 2,000m. The model shows that in hyperbaric conditions, what influences the cutting energy is the water column rather than the geomechanical properties of the rock. Based on the mathematical model a preliminary cutting tool design is shown.