bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method for Remote Determination of Object Coordinates in Space Based on Exact Analytical Solution of Hyperbolic Equations
Authors: Kuptsov Vladimir , Badenko Vladimir , Ivanov Sergei , Fedotov Alexander
Published: September 2020

Accurate remote determination of the object coordinates in 3D space is one of the main questions in many applications. In one of the most popular methods, such determination of the location of an object uses the measurement by receiving an electromagnetic signal transmitted by several spatially distributed base stations (BS). The main problem is that it is necessary to reduce errors and computation time. To overcome these difficulties, an analytical method for determining the position of an object based on the analysis of time difference of arrival (TDoA) of signals from the transmitter of the object to the receivers of the BS is proposed. One of the main advantages of this method is that it is possible to eliminate the ambiguity in determining the coordinates of the object in space and to increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates when the TDoA measurement between base stations fluctuates. Applications for autonomous automotive vehicles and space-based positioning systems are analyzed. The results obtained show that the proposed algorithm has an accuracy of determining coordinates several times higher than the method of linearization of hyperbolic equations and is less sensitive to TDoA fluctuations at base stations.
A Hybrid Approach: Dynamic Diagnostic Rules for Sensor Systems in Industry 4.0 Generated by Online Hyperparameter Tuned Random Forest
Authors: Mallak Ahlam , Fathi Madjid
Published: September 2020

In this work, a hybrid component Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) approach for industrial sensor systems is established and analyzed, to provide a hybrid schema that combines the advantages and eliminates the drawbacks of both model-based and data-driven methods of diagnosis. Moreover, it shines the light on a new utilization of Random Forest (RF) together with model-based diagnosis, beyond its ordinary data-driven application. RF is trained and hyperparameter tuned using three-fold cross validation over a random grid of parameters using random search, to finally generate diagnostic graphs as the dynamic, data-driven part of this system. This is followed by translating those graphs into model-based rules in the form of if-else statements, SQL queries or semantic queries such as SPARQL, in order to feed the dynamic rules into a structured model essential for further diagnosis. The RF hyperparameters are consistently updated online using the newly generated sensor data to maintain the dynamicity and accuracy of the generated graphs and rules thereafter. The architecture of the proposed method is demonstrated in a comprehensive manner, and the dynamic rules extraction phase is applied using a case study on condition monitoring of a hydraulic test rig using time-series multivariate sensor readings.
The Effectiveness of Kano-QFD Approach to Enhance Competitiveness of Technology-Based SMEs through Transfer Intention Model
Authors: Hwangbo Yun , Yang Young-Seok , Kim Myung-Seuk , Kim YoungJun
Published: September 2020

Despite the value of QFD (Quality Function Deployment), it has been applied to individual industries, or only to large companies with sufficient QFD-related human resources and sufficient financial resources. Most SMEs, which account for 80% of the world economy, have not been able to benefit from QFD, the tool designed to revamp the growth, due to the lack of financial and human resources to implement QFD and Kano Model. This paper is brought to assess the effectiveness of Kano-QFD approach for technology-based SMEs through the transfer intention model. In order to verify the effectiveness of the above approach, 860 technology-based SMEs in their establishment 3–7 years are researched for the learning transfer intention after the completion of Kano QFD education and training program. The results of this study are that the perceived content validity has the direct effect on learning transfer intention simultaneously with the partial mediating effect through the self-efficacy factor. The learner readiness does not directly influence the learning transfer intention and the self-efficacy completely mediates the learner readiness and the transfer intention. This research contributes to providing critical implications for the educators and training planners in in private sector as well as policy makers of technology-based SMEs in the public sector.
An Interval Fuzzy, Double-Sided, Chance-Constrained Stochastic Programming Model for Planning the Ecological Service Value of Interconnected River Systems
Authors: Yang Luze , Cong Weiyi , Meng Chong , Cai Baofeng , Liu Miao
Published: September 2020

The western region of Jilin Province is an ecologically fragile area with scarce water resources. The effective allocation of the limited water resources in order to obtain a higher ecological service value is an urgent requirement. In this paper, an interval fuzzy, double-sided chance-constrained, stochastic programming (IFDCP) model was used based on the interconnected river system network project in the western Jilin Province. With the objective of maximizing the value of regional ecological services, the water diversion and supplement schemes were optimized and adjusted. The model results showed that the restored water surface area of all lakes and ponds in the western region of Jilin Province was higher than the initially planned scheme in the high flow year. The water surface area fulfilled the minimum constraints, but did not fulfill the initial scheme in the normal flow year. In the low flow year, the lower limit of some of the regions had to be decreased in order to meet the allocation of the limited water resources. The proportion of floodwater resource utilization gradually increased with an increase in the flood amount. The ecological service value produced in the normal and high flow years was found to be higher than the initial scheme. The marsh wetland can produce higher ecological service value. Therefore, the core of the model optimization was introducing more water to the marsh wetland after fulfilling the basic consumption of ponds and the reed wetland. In addition, the IFDCP model was more flexible in water diversion and supplement as compared to other models that had been developed previously.
Angels or Demons: A Comparative Analysis of Motherhood Concept in World Literature
Authors: ÜSTÜN KAYA Senem
Published: September 2020

From the beginning of the history of humanity, motherhood has been considered as the most sacred and constant attribute in many cultures. During periods, although women’s roles and responsibilities have changed due to the social, politic and economic events, the main responsibility of a woman has always been accepted as ‘‘motherhood’’. With the modern era, as women participated in social spheres, mothering has been shaped in terms of expectations and prejudices. Motherhood has evolved through ages, yet, the expected notions of mothers mirror and recall similar attributes in almost all cultures: patience, self-sacrifice, compassion, charity and unconditional love towards children. There are various conducted studies based on the concept of ‘‘motherhood’’ in psychology, anthropology and literature. However, for this study, in order to exemplify the concept of ‘‘motherhood’’ defined by Adrienne Rich in her work Of Woman Born (1976), certain mother figures from the literary texts of world literature were chosen and comparatively analyzed. The aim of this study was not to generalize the concept of “motherhood” for every culture in world literature, yet, based on the findings of the analysis, it was observed that the perception of ‘‘motherhood’’ has been reflected in similar ways in many literary works of different cultures. Therefore, this study is exemplarily for further comparative literary studies based on motherhood and mothering in world literatures.
Common-Ion Effect Triggered Highly Sustained Seawater Electrolysis with Additional NaCl Production
Authors: Li Pengsong , Wang Shiyuan , Samo Imran Ahmed , Zhang Xingheng , Wang Zhaolei , Wang Cheng , Li Yang , Du Yiyun , Zhong Yang , Cheng Congtian , Xu Wenwen , Liu Xijun , Kuang Yun , Lu Zhiyi , Sun Xiaoming
Published: September 2020

Developing efficient seawater-electrolysis system for mass production of hydrogen is highly desirable due to the abundance of seawater. However, continuous electrolysis with seawater feeding boosts the concentration of sodium chloride in the electrolyzer, leading to severe electrode corrosion and chlorine evolution. Herein, the common-ion effect was utilized into the electrolyzer to depress the solubility of NaCl. Specifically, utilization of 6 M NaOH halved the solubility of NaCl in the electrolyte, affording efficient, durable, and sustained seawater electrolysis in NaCl-saturated electrolytes with triple production of H
2
, O
2
, and crystalline NaCl. Ternary NiCoFe phosphide was employed as a bifunctional anode and cathode in simulative and Ca/Mg-free seawater-electrolysis systems, which could stably work under 500 mA/cm
2
for over 100 h. We attribute the high stability to the increased Na
+
concentration, which reduces the concentration of dissolved Cl
-
in the electrolyte according to the common-ion effect, resulting in crystallization of NaCl, eliminated anode corrosion, and chlorine oxidation during continuous supplementation of Ca/Mg-free seawater to the electrolysis system.
Clinical and biochemical aspects between "stress" and "non-stress" induced Graves’ disease
Authors: Najafipour Mostafa , Zareizadeh Masoumeh , Najafipour Farzad
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The role of stress in the pathogenesis of Graves’ disease has been highlighted in many studies. The hereditary pattern of Graves’ disease is uncertain because various genetic and environmental factors are known. One of the most important environmental factors is stress. Any kind of stress, such as physical and emotional, can flare or create Graves’ disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biochemical aspects of "stress-induced" and "non-stress induced" Graves’ disease. Patients and Methods: This study evaluated 148 patients with Graves’s disease. According to perceived stress scale (PSS) all patients were divided into two groups; stress and non-stress induced Graves’ group. Chi-square test was used to determine statistical difference in qualitative variables. Results: The mean ± standard deviation perceived stress scale score in 53 patients in stress induced Graves’ disease was 40.24±6.53 and in 95 patients in non-stress induced Graves’ disease was 18.47±3.90. In this study the onset of Graves’ disease is more severe in the stress induced Graves’ disease, however the level of antithyroid peroxidase was significantly lower. Duration of methimazole since diagnosis and doses of methimazole in the stress induced Graves’ group was shorter than non- stress induced Graves’ group (P<0.001 and 0.032 respectively) and percent of male was significantly higher in stress induced Graves’ group (P=0.002). Conclusion: According to this study, clinical characteristics of stress induced Graves’ disease differ with non-stress induced Graves’ disease. Generally, severity of disease in stress induced Graves’ group was initially more severe (higher FT4 in this group), but duration of disease was shorter than non-stress induced Graves’ disease, and these patients had smaller size of goiter and lower anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody (anti-TOP Ab).
Doppler perfusion index in adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Riahinezhad Maryam , Saneian Hossein , Farghadani Maryam , Parsai Arshad Shafigheh
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a multi-factorial disorder is the most common cause of abnormal liver function tests in adolescents. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess Doppler perfusion index (DPI) in adolescents with NAFLD as compared with healthy subjects. Patients and Methods: Thirty-seven adolescents with NAFLD and 25 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Hemodynamic indices were measured using a color Doppler ultrasound machine. Severity of fatty liver disease and steatosis grade were assessed using FibroScan. The measured indices were peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV), time-averaged peak velocity (TAPV), portal venous blood flow (PVBF) volume, hepatic arterial blood flow (HABF) volume, and DPI. Results: The mean of DPI in the case and control groups was 0.31±0.11 and 0.31±0.09, respectively (P=0.972). HABF volume was significantly lower in the case group as compared with the control group (103.8 versus 153.3 respectively, P=0.015). PSV, TAMV, mean velocity, and PVBF volume were significantly lower in the case group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Patients with a higher steatosis grade indicated a significantly lower mean of PSV and TAMV portal than controls (P<0.05). Conclusion: DPI was similar in adolescents with NAFLD and healthy subjects and was not associated with severity of fatty liver disease and steatosis grade. In addition, the percentage of steatosis would be increased with increased liver span.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SiO2 PADA BATUAN GREEN TUFF DENGAN METODE GRAVIMETRIK
Authors: Fuadi Nurul , Amir Ayu Annisa
Published: September 2020

Research has been conducted on the content of Silica dioxide (SiO2) in Green Tuff rocks from Bone of South Sulawesi Province. This Green Tuff rock is a type of sedimentary rock formed from volcanic ash released from a pit during a volcanic eruption. This research uses the gravimetric method which is analytical chemical method by weighing the sample that has been melted as much as 0.5 grams then adding enough distilled water, 10 ml of HCl and 5 ml of HNO3, after that it is heated to dry and added 5 mL of HCl. Reheat until the volume becomes half of the initial volume and added distilled water afterwards, cooled and filtered. The purpose of adding HCl and HNO3 is so that the silica content can be separated from the impurities so that a larger crystal-shaped silica precipitate and a yellowish-colored solution containing impurities are present in the precipitate. So that in this study the results of the analysis of the content of Silica dioxide (SiO2) of 76.50%.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING PADA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR DI KELAS VII6 SMP NEGERI 1 TELAGA
Authors: Olii Jihan , Uloli Ritin , Odja Abdul Haris
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada materi suhu dan kalor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan di kelas VII6 SMP Negeri 1 Telaga yang diajarkan kepada 34 orang siswa. Instrument yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar pengamatan aktivitas guru, lembar pengamatan aktivitas siswa dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh pada siklus 1 kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa mencapai 59% termasuk kategori tidak kritis. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penelitian tindakan kelas pada siklus 1 belum mencapai ketuntasan indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, dengan dilakukan tindakan pada siklus II kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa mencapai 80% dengan kategori sangat kritis. Dan untuk hasil analisis data aktivitas guru dan aktivitas siswa pada siklus II telah mencapai peningkatan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
PERAN BIMBEL ONLINE PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BAGI SISWA MASA KINI
Authors: Khinanti Mekar Hayu , Fisiga Khairina , Bhakti Yoga Budi
Published: September 2020

Pada umumnya siswa kurang tertarik untuk belajar fisika karena merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang dianggap sulit. Mempelajari fisika merupakan suatu petualangan. Proses belajar mengajar (PBM) di sekolah masih banyak menggunakan model konvensional yang dirasa membosankan dan akibatnya banyak pelajar masa kini sulit memahami pelajaran yang dipelajari di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pengembangan PBM di luar kelas salah satunya dengan memberikan bimbingan belajar (bimbel) tambahan. Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat dimanfaatkan oleh bidang pendidikan yaitu dengan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis online yang dikenal sebagai bimbingan belajar online (bimbel online). Metode yang digunakan pada penulisan ini yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Studi Kepustakaan (Library Research). Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis isi (Content Analysis). Media aplikasi bimbingan belajar online menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat sangat berperan membantu siswa dalam belajar terutama pada pembelajaran fisika. Hasil akhir yang pastinya ingin didapatkan yaitu siswa tidak lagi kesulitan dalam memahami pelajaran fisika yang dipelajari di sekolah, serta meningkatnya semangat, minat, dan bakat siswa dalam pemecahan masalah terkait fisika.
Relasionalitas “Aku” dan “Engkau” dalam Masyarakat Indonesia yang Majemuk Sebagai Gambaran dari Relasionalitas Trinitas
Authors: Pasi Gregorius
Published: September 2020

To the Catholic faithful, the “I” and “You” relationality of Indonesia’s pluralistic society “formulated” in the third principle of Pancasila (Persatuan Indonesia = a unified Indonesia) and in the nation’s motto “Bhineka Tunggal Ika” (Unity in Diversity) can point towards trinitary relationality.  Using the critical reading approach to Pancasila and  moto Bhineka Tunggal Ika, this study has discovered the four following issues: Firstly, the relationality between “I” and “You” in Indonesian society can point towards the intersubjective relationality of the Trinity. Secondly, the principle of Bhineka Tunggal Ika can point towards the principle of unity in the diversity of the Trinity. Thirdly, the transcendence of “Kami” (We-excluding-You) towards “Kita” (We-including-You) in Indonesian society can point towards the openness of the Trinity to establish unity with humans who are fundamentaly different from God. Fourthly, mutual participation relationality in Indonesian society can point towards the principle of perichoresis of the Trinity.
Elimination of cloud shadows on materials of aviation shooting in the visible range
Authors: Rylskiу Ilya , Eremchenko Evgeniy , Kotova Tatiana
Published: September 2020

Aerial photography is often impossible due to the presence of high clouds with contrasting shadows that do not allow to obtain materials suitable for decryption. At the same time, in a significant proportion of projects in Russia, the snowless season suitable for surveying is very short. The inability to perform aerial photography while flying below the clouds leads to cost increasing. In some cases, projects cannot be completed.

Existing software does not allow to solve the problem of equalizing the brightness in the shadows for several reasons. The main reason is the inability to identify the boundaries of the shadows using only the spectral characteristics of the images, the inability to determine the amount of correction for shaded areas.

To solve this problem, it is proposed to use reference images of the worse resolution obtained from the satellites. Reference images are used to localize and determine the magnitude of the spectral correction of aerial photographs. The work is performed with single orthophotographs or orthophotomosaics in the same coordinate system. To determine the boundaries of the shaded zones and the values of the corrections in brightness, methods of cartographic algebra on regular data arrays are used. Further, the obtained correction matrices are subject to filtering and are used to correct high-resolution aerial photographs.

The paper gives an example of the use of free (or cheap) satellite images to eliminate or reduce the contrast of shadows on aerial photographs with a detail of 20 cm. The created prototype software allows to perform additive or multiplicative correction of an array of individual aerial photographs.

The proposed approach requires more time for data processing, but gives much more acceptable results for visual (manual) decryption. The method is not recommended for use when working with images in more than 10 cm, when solving monitoring tasks with frequent repeated surveys, and also, if necessary, to carry out automated decoding using spectral standards.
DIFICULDADES NA IMPLANTAÇÃO/IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA SISTEMATIZAÇÃO DA ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM NA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Kelly Policarpo Falcão Priscilla , Cavalcanti Cordeiro Renata , Carolina Policarpo Cavalcante Ana , Simão de Abrantes Rafaela , Rossana Vieira Costa Alba , de Paula Rêgo Graciano Luz Aline
Published: September 2020

OBJETIVO: Identificar as principais dificuldades enfrentadas pelos Enfermeiros na implantação/implementação da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) na atenção básica, bem como revelar as principais características dos estudos referentes ao tipo de abordagem utilizada no artigo, o enfoque e o ano de publicação. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada no período de dezembro de 2014 a janeiro de 2015, através da busca online, mediante levantamento na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), no Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e na Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Para tanto, utilizaram-se os descritores, com auxílio do operador booleano AND: “Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem” AND “Atenção Básica” AND “Estratégia Saúde da Família”, tendo sido encontrados seis artigos que estavam de acordo com os critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÕES: Evidenciou-se como dificuldades para a implantação/implementação a falta de capacitação dos profissionais acerca da temática durante o período da graduação, bem como enquanto profissionais dos serviços de saúde. Também foi considerada comoobstáculo a existência de grandes demandas de atendimentos. CONCLUSÃO:A implantação da SAE na atenção básica tem a finalidadede organizar o cuidado prestado aos usuários, baseando-se na adoção de um método sistemático que proporciona ao Enfermeiro uma reorientação de sua prática.

Palavras chave: Assistência de Enfermagem. Atenção Básica. Estratégia Saúde da Família.
INTOXICAÇÃO POR CHUMBO: UTILIZAÇÃO DE MÍDIAS SOCIAIS COMO FERRAMENTA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR
Authors: Frassinetti de Oliveira Correia Paola , Portela Gabriela , Maria Vasconcelos Dias Moura Júlia , Juliane Pedrosa Gurgel Marília , Rodrigues Silva Maurizene , de Oliveira Burgo Nathalia
Published: September 2020

O chumbo é um metal extremamente tóxico, quando em altas doses, para o ser humano. A contaminação ocorre principalmente pela falta de uso de equipamentos de proteção individual no manejo dos materiais contendo chumbo. Pensando na problemática que atinge os trabalhadores de indústrias e outros profissionais, foi criado em 2005 a Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador, passando a ser principal organizadora da saúde do trabalhador no SUS. Como meios que podem ser utilizados para colocar em prática estratégias de educação em saúde, o digital ganha cada vez mais espaço. Diante disso, esse estudo objetiva relatar a construção e alcance de materiais digitais para mídias sociais de educação em saúde do trabalhador acerca da intoxicação por chumbo. Foi realizado um estudo de desenvolvimento de tecnologia educativa na Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças da Universidade de Pernambuco. Os recursos de transmissão de informação elaborados para divulgação nas mídias sociais foram lançados no Instagram® e no Facebook®, sendo alcançados 1788 curtidas, 1145 visualizações, 188 compartilhamentos e 327 comentários. Com isso, a campanha se tornou aliada ao fortalecimento do pensar crítico e reflexivo da comunidade virtual. Também permitiu evidenciar a necessidade da abordagem do tema em diversos âmbitos, objetivando a sensibilização da população sobre o tema e a promoção e educação em saúde. Palavras chave: Enfermagem. Intoxicação por Chumbo. Mídias Sociais. Saúde do Trabalhador.
BREVE RESEÑA HISTÓRICA DE LA FACULTAD DE DERECHO Y CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA SEDES SAPIENTIAE
Authors: Cruz Acuña Edgar Odón
Published: September 2020

Comprende la presentación, misión, visión, principios, alumnos, docentes, equipo, actividades académicas extracurriculares, actividades de proyección social, nombre de la revista de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae.
MANAJEMEN JEJARING KERJASAMA PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Prayoga Ari , Jahari Jaja
Published: September 2020

This paper aims to uncover the management study of the pesantren cooperation network which discusses: (1) the pattern of internal cooperation between pesantren, and (2) the pattern of external cooperation of pesantren in pondok pesantren Al-Istiqomah. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study based on intrinsic design. Data collection was carried out using interviews, documentation, and participatory observation. The data that has been collected is tested for its truth, compatibility, and compatibility through the triangulation method and other sources. Then the data is compiled, analyzed, and integrated in each case study case, and compared with other data. Then conclusions can be drawn from the findings of this study that the Collaborative Management implemented at pondok pesantren Al-Istiqomah always cooperates with the government, donors and the community because it prioritizes in the field of education with the aim of assisting the development of school building infrastructure, maintenance and care of pondok pesantren. This was done so that the pondok pesantren Al-Istiqomah could develop and could support the learning facilities of the students.
A fenntarthatósági szemlélet és gyakorlat egy korai példája a Magyar Honvédségben
Authors: Lakatos Péter
Published: September 2020

A Közszolgálati Lenyomat Ludovika Kutatócsoport (KLLK) célul tűzte ki, hogy közreadja a közszolgálat területén fellelhető jó és követendő fenntarthatósági megoldásokat és példákat. A szerző tanulmányában bemutatja azokat a tényezőket, amelyeken keresztül a Magyar Honvédség karbonlábnyoma csökkenthető, és ismertet egy, a témával kapcsolatos korai kezdeményezést.
Induction of Surgical Obstructive Cholestasis in rats: morphological, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes
Authors: Elsaied Nermeen , Samy Alaa , Mosbah Esam , Zaghloul Adel
Published: September 2020

Objective: To detail an easy approach for surgical induction of obstructive cholestasis in a rat model. Additionally, to assess the role of serum and tissue biomarkers for determination of the extent of cholestasis induced hepatocellular injury and to quantify the apoptotic liver cell using fluorescein-labeled Annexin V. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Sixty-five healthy Male Sprague- Dawley rats weighing 268.18 ± 23.3 grams. Procedures: The rats were randomly allocated into two main groups: 1) sham group (SO; n= 15) and 2) bile duct ligation group (BL; n= 50). Three SO rats and 8 BL rats were euthanized at 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 post-surgery. Blood and liver samples were collected for serum and tissue biochemical analysis. Liver apoptosis was quantified using Annexin V, meanwhile liver fibrosis was quantified using both TNF-β and histological examination. Results: There was a tendency towards less complications and higher surgeon satisfaction when the common bile duct was approached by the stomach approach. Serum biochemical analysis revealed a significant time-dependent decreases in hepatic serum biomarkers (alanine aminotransferease, aspartate aminotransferase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, serum albumin, the concentration of total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin) after induced obstructive cholestasis (P = 0.01-0.001), whereas AST: ALT ratio conversely was elevated (p < 0.05 value). Flow cytometer analysis revealed time-dependent significant increase in the percent of apoptotic cells after BL (P < 0.001) and consequently the state of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde) was (P < 0.001). The antioxidant tissue markers (superoxide dismutase, Catalase and glutathione reductase) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), meanwhile TNF-β, the fibrosis marker showed time dependent significant increases (P = 0.001). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Stomach approach provided an easy, fast and reliable procedure for induction of obstructive cholestasis in rats. Liver Annexin V and TGF-β were diagnostic tools in further apoptosis and fibrosis.
Evaluation of Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Dromedary Camel during the Different Stages of Lactation
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed
Published: September 2020

Objective: To assess the potential hematobiochemical alterations in healthy dromedary camel during the different stages of lactation.
Design: Randomized controlled study.
Animals: Fifteen healthy female dromedary camels, with mean body weight of 499.6 kg and mean age of 20 years.
Procedures: Camels were categorized into 3 groups' according to their stage of lactation: group 1, early lactation (1-3 months), group 2, mid-lactation (four-6 months) and group3, late lactation (≥ 7 months). Blood samples were collected from every animals for hematological and biochemical evaluation.
Results: Total erythrocyte count (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), total leukocytes (TLC), lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, Calcium, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) confirmed significant (p < 0.05) variation between different stages of lactation. However, non-notable (p > 0.05) dissimilarity were located in packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), in organic phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), cholesterol, total protein (TP), albumen, globulin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine kinase (CK) in the course of different ranges of lactation,
Conclusion and clinical relevance: The results of this investigation may be useful as reference guide for dromedary camel to evaluate the metabolic health status at different stages of lactation.
ASYMPTOMATIC LABIAL FUSION DIAGNOSED DURING LABOUR -(A CASE REPORT)
Authors: Baser Anshu , Jain Bhoomika , Kumar Sushil
Published: September 2020

Labial fusion is when the labia minora of the vulva fuse together. This most commonly occurs in prepubertal age group(0.6%-5%).(1) This condition rarely occurs in adults and even in adults it is seen in post menopausal women and may result in urinary incontinence.(2) It is extremely rare in women of reproductive age group and only a few cases have been reported so far.(3) We here report a case of a 25 year old female with asymptomatic labial fusion with no history of voiding difficulty, dyspareunia who presented to us at term in labour.
TELERADIOLOGY ADOPTION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A RADIOLOGIST'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Pankhania Mayur
Published: September 2020

In Mach 2020, WHO christened the highly infectious disease caused by novel Coronavirus (2019 – nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province, China, as COVID-19 and declared it as a pandemic. In the following weeks, the disease has swept rapidly across most of the countries of the world. With the global health emergency that we are currently facing, Teleradiology adoption increased tremendously amongst the radiologists, who are playing the cruciate role in combating this deadly disease by imaging and predicting early diagnosis. As the pandemic has brought new challenges that necessitate radiologist to adopt routine off-site reporting, this allows the continuity of imaging services to the patients without sacrificing the quality of care. It also helps to maintain their workloads from a remote location and diminish radiologist exposure to infections. In this article, the authors review examples of current scope and applications of teleradiology practice during pandemic emerge. In addition, the future impact and natural extension of these techniques in radiology practice are discussed.
RELEVANCE OF MID ARM CIRCUMFERENCE AS AN ANTHROPOMETRIC TOOL IN ADOLESCENTS.
Authors: Dutta Subha Sankar , Tapadar Arunabha , Bal Kana
Published: September 2020

The mid arm circumference (MAC) is an anthropometric tool for measurement of nutritional adequacy and growth in the “under five’ paediatric age group. However in adolescent children it is important in rapid and mass surveys. The MAC was measured in 130 healthy school children (84 boys and 46 girls) of 12 – 14 years age of M.G.M’s Sanskar Vidyalaya, N-4 Cidco, Aurangabad using the girth of the arm at the midpoint between the acromial process of the scapula and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The study aims to measure the MAC in an adolescent population and compare them with data from previous studies in an attempt to formulate a “normal” range for comparison with similar studies. In the present study, the MAC for 12 year old children varies from 18.81- 20.7cm, for 13 year old children from 20.4- 20.82cm and 14 year old children from 21.12- 21.97cm.The present study gives us a range of ~ 19 – 22cm as the range of MAC in adolescent boys and girls. In spite of several studies on the MAC in adolescents, no consensus has been reached regarding the cut off points for determining under nutrition and overweight. Further studies are required to publish the normal cut off ranges of MAC for the adolescent population of our country.
ROLE OF ULTRASOUND STRAIN ELASTOGRAPHY FOR THE EVALUATION OF BREAST LESIONS
Authors: Sarjare Deoyani S , Anand Arti , Agrawal Soumya , P. Shanas K. , Yeshwante Sandhya
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) elastography is an emerging technique that can be used during breast US examination. Guidelines recommend mammographic screening and US for diagnosis of breast cancer. The specificity of these techniques is not high enough to prevent unnecessary biopsies. Hence there is need for a more specific technique to overcome this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the value of strain elastography (SE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional observational study over 18 months, 60 women with palpable breast lumps were evaluated with conventional US and SE. Results obtained were correlated with histopathological findings for statistical analysis. Result: A statistically significant correlation was found between SE and histopathological outcome with a p value of 0.03(<0.05). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 76.92% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 76.47% with Chi square= 8.4. Conclusion: Ultrasound with SE can substantially improve the possibility of differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions thereby limiting recourse to biopsy and considerably reducing the number of benign breast biopsy diagnoses.
PRIMITIVE THERAPUTIC BIDS OF MEDICINAL PLANT ROHITAKATECOMELLA UNDULATA (SM.) SEEM.: A COMPREHENSIVE APPRAISAL BASED ON CLASSICAL AYURVEDA TEXTS
Authors: Thakur Santosh Kumar , Natthani Sumit , Kotecha Mita
Published: September 2020

The nature made world is graduallyeyeing towards plant based natural system of medicine like Ayurveda. The novel healing approach of Ayurveda founded on evidence based fundamental approaches are gaining interest of the scientific communities globally. There are various interesting therapies are in the ocean of Ayurveda, still looking for scientific exploration in order to serve the people worldwide. The plant Rohitaka botanically identified as Tecomellaundulata Sm. which is commonly distributed in drier part of North-West and western India, is such an example. The present review aimed to analyze the ancient therapeutic uses of Rohitaka mentioned in classical texts of Ayurveda and systematically categorized them in term of contemporary practices. The review suggests that in spite of various published study there are still scope of exploration different novel use of Rohitaka mentioned in classical Ayurveda texts. The present reviews may perform an optimistic role for Researcher, Physician and Industries. It may also provide the future leads and scope for drug development and product marketing.
UPAYA DINAS KOPERASI, USAHA MIKRO, DAN PERDAGANGAN (DISKUMDAG) KOTA BATU DALAM MEMBERDAYAKAN PELAKU USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) PRODUK TUJUAN EKSPORT
Authors: Sembiring Ruth Agnesia , Subekti Tia , Nia Bella Mitha Mawar
Published: September 2020

Abstrak
Usaha Kecil Menengah merupakan pilar penting dalam menyokong ekonomi masyarakat menengah kebawah. Setiap daerah di Indonesia memiliki UKM namun hanya sedikit yang mampu memiliki kualitas ekspor. Produk lokal yang disajikan dalam bentuk UKM kerap kalah bersaing dengan produk dari industry skala besar atau bahkan kalah bersaing dengan produk impor. Hal ini tentunya menjadi ancaman bagi kelangsungan ekonomi masayarakat menengah kebawah mengingat peluang pasar global hari ini sulit untuk membendung arus impor dari negara lain. Salah satu upaya yang bisa digunakan untuk memepertahankan UKM adalah melakukan peningkatan kualitas UKM dengan standar ekspor. Hal ini yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Batu. Kota Batu memiliki UKM sebanyak 365 UKM yang tersebar pada 3 kecamatan. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bagaimana UKM telah menjadi penopang ekonomi masyarakat Batu. Penelitian ini melihat “Bagaimana Upaya Dinas Koperasi, Usaha Mikro, dan Perdagangan (Diskumdag) Kota Batu dalam Memberdayakan Pelaku Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Produk Tujuan Ekspor?”.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori pembangunan dengan pendekatan self help dan technocratic dan juga konsep pemberdayaan masyarakat. Hasilnya, pertama, Pemerintah Kota Batu melakukan pembangunan UKM dengan pendekatan teknokratik dengan melalui program KITE IKM (Kemudahan Impor Tujuan Ekspor Industri Kecil Menengah). Pendekatan teknokratik bersifat vertical dan memposisikan pemerintah sebagai konsultan. Kedua, pemerintah memberikan pelatihan, pendampingan, dan pemebrian fasilitas. Namun, dari total 365 UKM hanya 9 UKM yang bisa melakukan eksport. Ketiga, kendala utama yang dihadapi adalah belum terpenuhinya standar kualiatas ekspor.
Kesenjangan Pembangunan di Tingkat Lokal: Refleksi atas Implementasi Otonomi Daerah di Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Fathur , Astagini Arifah , Fahmi Effendy Ahmad Dellan
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan adalah suatu proses yang dilakukan secara terus-menerus dalam rangka memperbaiki indikator sosial maupun ekonomi pada suatu wilayah dari waktu ke waktu. Kabupaten Blitar adalah salah satu daerah yang melakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pembangunan. Namun, kenyataannya masih ada daerah di Kabupaten Blitar yang mengalami kesenjangan pembangunan, pembangunan hanya berfokus di Blitar Utara dibandingkan Blitar Selatan. Hal ini yang membuat peneliti tertarik untuk menjadikan Kesenjangan Pembangunan di Kabupaten Blitar menjadi studi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya kesenjangan pembangunan di Kabupaten Blitar bagian utara dan selatan, dalam bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan mulai tahun 1999-2014 dengan menggunakan studi kasus Kecamatan Kanigoro dan Bakung. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan wawancara langsung kepada seluruh aktor yang terlibat dengan beberapa indikator dari bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan yang dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil analisis disajikan melalui hasil wawancara yang menunjukkan bahwa penyebab kesenjangan pembangunan di Blitar utara dan selatan pada bidang pendidikan adalah pembangunan fasilitas pendukung di sekolah lebih fokus dibangun di Kecamatan Kanigoro sebagai pusat kota, sedangkan di Kecamatan Bakung hanya untuk pemeliharaan infrastruktur bangunan. Sehingga mengakibatkan fasilitas pendukung sekolah di Kecamatan Kanigoro lebih lengkap dibandingkan dengan Kecamatan Bakung. Selanjutnya, pada fasilitas puskesmas di Kecamatan Kanigoro belum memiliki rawat inap dan ruang bersalin, sedangkan di Kecamatan Bakung memiliki 6 tempat tidur untuk rawat inap dan ruang bersalin. Hal ini menunjukkan fasilitas Puskesmas Bakung lebih tinggi dibandingkan Puskesmas Kanigoro. Namun, Kecamatan Kanigoro tetap memiliki kualitas kesehatan yang lebih lengkap karena di Kecamatan Kanigoro terdapat Rumah Sakit Swasta Medika Husada dan dekat dengan RSUD Ngudi Waluyo di Kecamatan Wlingi.
ONLINE LEARNING IN EDUCATION SECTOR REVEALING THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Prof. N. Venkata Rao  , P. Divakara Rao
Published: September 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has led to secure disruptions in normal life, including closure of schools. It has impacted over 240 million children of the country who are enrolled in schools. Extended school closures may cause loss of learning. Online courses have the potential to open the pathways for more opportunities for students in “small, rural, or low socioeconomic school districts”. Online courses offer an excellent way for students to expand their educational opportunities and keep on competitive in the ever challenging realm of education. Students embarking on the path of higher education through online coursework need to be self-motivated, independent, and responsible learners. Understanding one’s learning style and skills will allow students to more accurately determine if online learning is suitable for them. Instructors and course designers will also benefit from understanding the aspects of a course that increase students’ understanding and participation. Communication in terms of supportive comments, constructive criticism, and prompt feedback from instructors to students is a key component of online courses. There are a number of drawbacks and potential issues that students may face while participating in an online course.
Analisa Zakat Dan Instrumen Sejenis Terhadap Sistem Fiskal Islam
Authors: Hindardjo Anton
Published: September 2020

The influence of zakat ensures that economic activities can run at a minimum level, namely at the level of meeting primary needs, where zakat, infaq-shadaqah and other similar instruments encourage aggregate demand, because its function is to help the ummah to reach the standard of living above the minimum level. In Islamic Fiscal Policy C = Co + b Yd, Yd = Y - Zakat + Tr (8 asnaf), IS = C + I + G + (X-M). Infak-shadaqah and similar instruments are through bitul mal used to alleviate poverty through development programs. So zakat and infa-shadaqah have their respective roles. In the condition of the good ummah where the level of faith is at a good level, the state income derived from the infaq-shadaqah should be greater than the receipt of zakat. Guarantee in the mechanism of zakat is a top priority in economic policy (when zakat is not able to fulfill the guarantee function, then state revenues from sources other than zakat will be used until the minimum needs of all people are fulfilled).
Tinjauan Fikih Muamalah Atas Produk Jasa Berbasis Ujrah (Fee Based Services) Bank Konvensional (Sampel Produk Bank Mandiri dan BCA)
Authors: Alim Muhammad Nurul
Published: September 2020

Review of Fikih Muamalah on Products of Conventional Bank’s Fee-Based Services (Sample of Bank Mandiri and BCA Products). Although Islamic banks offer products of services which have the same kind and purpose as those are offered by conventional banks, most Moslems in Indonesia have not loyally make use all Islamic bank products for their financial transactions. Should the exercise of conventional bank’s services’ products be unavoidable, Moslems must be able to select and decide either the services are legal or illegal. This paper will study the fikih muamalah point of view on the conventional bank services that the customers will not fall in the usury transactions.
Elites y clases populares en el Perú contemporáneo
Authors: Gonzales Alvarado Osmar
Published: September 2020

Existen preocupaciones que en determinados momentos adquieren una relevancia especial. Emergen en la vida social convirtiéndose en puntos ineludibles de la reflexión intelectual. Abandonan su anterior estado de opacidad para adquirir un brillo inusitado dejando en la oscuridad a aquellas un brillo inusitado dejando en la oscuridad a aquellas otras preocupaciones que antes habían ocupado su lugar. El problema de esta inesperada luminosidad es que puede enceguecer los ojos del analista, llevándolo a soslayar otros temas de igual importancia. La excesiva focalización en un tema puede devenir moda: efímera, volátil. Lo más aconsejable es tomar sana distancia y tratar de ver la realidad de la manera más compleja posible. Es difícil, pero es mejor ser consciente del reto que desentenderse de él.
Resabios coloniales frente al siglo XXI
Authors: Vega-Centeno Bocángel Imelda
Published: September 2020

En el mundo actual, los temas de la exclusión y el racismo son de la urgencia angustiante. En la civilizada Europa han surgido diversos movimientos neofascistas que desarrollan una gran agresividad frente al extranjero, en particular si sus características físicas son notoriamente diferentes —como los norafricanos, asiáticos y centroafricanos— y, peor aún, si su presencia es muy notoria en términos cuantitativos, Se les percibe entonces como a invasores, cuya presencia atenta contra el ansiado bienestar de todos.
Los obispos y la Iglesia del sur andino
Authors: Dammert Bellido José
Published: September 2020

Entre enero y febrero de 1940, el profesor Juan Cavazzana y tres jóvenes docentes de la Universidad Católica, Domingo García Rada, Guillermo Lohmann Villena y yo, animados por el padre jesuita Rubén Vargas Ugarte, nos lanzamos a recorres los Andes del Perú. Salimos de Lima hacia Huancayo, Huanta y Ayacucho, en tren y automóvil, para luego cabalgar un día hasta Chincheros donde pernoctamos. Al día siguiente partimos hacia Andahuaylas, prosiguiendo luego a Abancay, Cusco, Puno y Arequipa.
Opción por los pobres
Authors: Gutiérrez Gustavo
Published: September 2020

La opción preferencial por los pobres es la contribución más importante, en nuestro tiempo, de la vida y la reflexión de los cristianos de América Latina a la conciencia eclesial universal. Intentaré presentar el tema en tres partes. La primera será una rápida visión histórica de eso que hoy se llama opción preferencial por los pobres. En la segunda parte trataré de precisar el sentido de esa expresión. La tercera parte, más corta, la dedicaré a lo que en tiempos más recientes se ha empezado a llamar la nueva evangelización.
Entre previsiones y posibilidades
Authors: Abugattás Juan , Antúnez de Mayolo R. Santiago E. , Arriata Abdalá Mario , Ballón Aguirre Francisco , Brown Miguel , Chiriboga Manuel O. , Agraria Confederación Nacional , D'Achille Mauricio , D'Alteroche Francisco , Degregori Carlos Iván , Del Pino Ponciano , Estermann José , Finch Raymundo , Flores Lizana Carlos , Fulcrand Bernardo , Edgar Pebe Percy Flores y , Hunt Shane , Lindner Bernando , Mendoza Waldo , Montoya Luis W. , Muñoz Portugal Ismael , Palao Berastain Juan , Palomino Meneses Abdón , Pérez Mundaca José , Revesz Bruno , Riedel Franz , Seligmann Linda J. , Sacio León Alberto , Soberón Garrido Ricardo , Trinidad Ardiles Reynaldo , Vera del Carpio Juan José , Vergara Belaúnde Ricardo
Published: September 2020

Con motivo de los veinticinco años de Allpanchis ofrecemos a nuestros lectores las opiniones de un amplio grupo de especialistas en desarrollo rural, investigadores del mundo andino y agentes pastorales en torno al tema de esta edición especial de aniversario: el futuro de los Andes y de la sierra sur del Perú.