bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İBN HALDUN’A GÖRE MEMLÛKLERDE TASAVVUF ANLAYIŞI
Authors: Gezen Nihal
Published: December 2024

İslam dininin anlaşılması ve yaşanılması noktasında tasavvuf, sahip olduğu derin ve ince manasıyla İslam medeniyeti açısından son derece önem arz etmektedir. Türk-İslam devletlerinin bilhassa siyasi ve askerî açıdan kaos yaşadığı zamanlarda tasavvufun bariz bir biçimde devlet ve halk için öneminin arttığı bilinmektedir. Nitekim Memlûk Devleti’nin ortaya çıktığı dönemde, bilindiği üzere İslam dünyası her açıdan zorluklar içerisinde bulunmaktaydı. Çalışma konumuzu oluşturan Memlûk Devleti Dönemi’nde, devletin içerisinde bulunduğu tarihî ve siyasi süreç sebebiyle Mısır ve Suriye topraklarında tasavvuf hem devlet hem de halk yaşamında belirgin bir rol oynamıştır. Bu çalışmada genel tarihî süreç içerisinde gelişen tasavvuf anlayışının Memlûk Devleti’ne kadar uzanan sürecini ve Memlûk Devleti zamanındaki yerini, tarihî önemini ve misyonunu ele alarak değerlendirmelerimizi aktarmayı hedeflemekteyiz. Bu noktada, olayları neden-sonuç ilişkisi bağlamında açıklamaya çalışan İbn Haldun’un (ö. 808/1406) aktardıkları bize ışık tutmaktadır. Çalışmada, dönemin tarihî kaynaklarından ve yakın tarihte konu hakkında yapılmış çalışmalardan istifade edilmiştir.
Research on active steering control strategy of line-controlled steering system based on MPC
Authors: Tong Yuzhe , Zhang Xin , Wang Xinxin , Bai Yuehong , Yan Jiao
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the stability of the steer by wire (SBW) system during steering, this paper adopts a control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) to achieve active steering control of the SBW system. Based on the fixed steering gain of the vehicle, design an ideal angular transmission ratio curve, and determine the stability of the vehicle's driving by controlling the yaw rate and center of mass lateral angle, achieving active steering function of the vehicle. Based on Simulink and Carsim platform, establish a vehicle model and analyze the frequency response characteristics of the steering actuator assembly to verify its working stability. The simulation results show that the designed control strategy can significantly improve vehicle handling stability.
Modal and dynamic response analysis of shock absorber for small commercial vehicles
Authors: Cui Xiaolin , Wang Wenjing , Zhao Lining
Published: December 2024

The dynamic response characteristics of shock absorber have a crucial influence on the stability and safety performance of vehicles. Based on the finite element method, the modal simulation of the mechanical structure of shock absorber was conducted, and the natural frequencies and modal shapes were obtained. According to the dynamic stiffness test scheme, the first four natural frequencies were set as the excitation frequencies, and the response characteristics of displacement, damping force and dynamic stiffness were tested and analyzed. In the experimental loading scheme, shear force was applied to the damper, and the shear amplitude gradually increased from 0.5 mm. Three cycle tests were conducted to obtain the average evaluation value. The results show that although the natural frequencies of the mechanical structure of the shock absorber do not avoid the excitation frequency of the road surface, it still shows good dynamic response effects at low-order excitation frequencies. The elastic stiffness and damping stiffness of the shock absorber decrease with the increase of the shear amplitude, while the damping stiffness increases with the increase of the excitation frequency.
Modal and dynamic stress analysis of crane support frame based on CAE technology
Authors: Lin Fa
Published: December 2024

The support frame is the main load-bearing component of crane equipment, of which modal and dynamic stress response characteristics have a critical impact on the safety and service life of the entire mechanical structure. Based on the finite element method, the support frame model was reasonably simplified and established. By arranging REB2 elements on the contact surface of the components to be connected, the rigid connection effect of the weld was realized. Through simulation calculation and modal testing, the natural frequency and vibration mode were obtained. Through modal analysis, the dynamic response analysis model was established to determine the maximum dynamic stress variation under instantaneous loading and emergency braking conditions. The results indicate that the reliability and accuracy of the finite element analysis model are high, and the maximum deviation of natural frequencies between experimental and simulation results is less than 10 %. Besides, the performance of the support frame shows good dynamic response efficiency, which proves that the mechanical structure has high stability.
Method of oscillation excitation for investigation of inconsistency of coating deposition on long parts
Authors: Striletskyi Yurii , Ropyak Liubomyr , Bandura Andriy
Published: December 2024

A method is proposed for studying the uniformity of electrochemical coating on the outer wall of a thin metal rod by determining the parameters of natural oscillations of this rod, which is clamped on one side. The parameters are studied by analyzing the natural frequencies of the rod. The uneven coating of the rod wall causes a change in the frequency of transverse modes and the shape of the bending line of the rod axis. The mechanical vibrations of the rod are excited by the interaction of an external magnetic field with the Ampere force arising from the current flowing through the rod. A method of adaptive tuning of the spectral components of the excitation current is developed by modifying the coefficients of a digital filter through which a noise-like signal pass. The coefficients of the digital filter are changed adaptively, based on the analysis of the signal spectrum obtained in response to the excitation in the first step. The oscillation is excited by mixing the noise-like signal and the signal received in response to the excitation in the previous step after averaging with a sliding window, the coefficients of which are obtained from the resonance characteristics of the mechanical oscillatory system. A gradual change in the ratio of the amplitude of the noise-like and stationary components of the excitation signal causes a smooth increase in the amplitude of oscillation at a frequency approaching the frequency of the rod's natural oscillations. A numerical and full-scale experiment is carried out to excite mechanical vibrations of a thin metal rod, the end of which is clamped on one side.
Analysis of plate oscillatory motion in a variable air flow for power generation
Authors: Beresnevics Vitalijs , Viba Janis , Irbe Martins , Cerpinska Marina , Jakovlevs Olegs
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the translational oscillatory motion of a single-degree-of-freedom thin plate under variable airflow conditions, including wind gusts, harmonic flow, and airflow with random parameters. The proposed airflow device is designed as a swing pendulum, where the plate is connected to a fixed base by two identical cranks, with a power generator attached to the end of one crank axle. The rotary motion of the cranks due to airflow is evaluated using an energy dissipation parameter. The interaction between the airflow and the plate undergoing translational (i.e., non-rotational) motion is studied numerically through computer simulations, applying the principle of superposition. In this approach, the fast chaotic motion of air particles (Brownian motion) is separated from the slower flow motion. The modeling incorporates the concept of pressure (downwind) and suction (upwind) zones for a rigid body immersed in an airflow. The analytical formulas derived from these calculations are then used to analyze the motion of the electromechanical system. System parameters are optimized, using generated power as the evaluation criterion. Numerical results confirm the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed wind energy system under non-stationary airflow conditions. The device is suitable for installation in open fields, on building rooftops, along highways, or in tunnels. It is environmentally friendly and poses no harm to people.
Dynamic characteristics simulation and optimization of hydraulic support based on CAE method
Authors: Qi Kai , Lin Fa , Li Meiying
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the stability, safety, and trajectory efficiency of hydraulic support, a composite simulation scheme was applied to analyze the modal characteristics and dynamic stress. A multi-objective optimization method was proposed, which can effectively reduce the weight and stress peak while ensuring the stability of the support, and improve the trajectory efficiency of the front end point of the top beam. Through multi rigid body dynamics analysis, the vertical movement of the top beam and vertical pressure of the front connecting rod were obtained. Through finite element analysis, the modal shapes and transient stress variation laws of the hydraulic support were investigated, and the optimization results were validated. A mechanical analysis model was established for the four-bar linkage mechanism structure of hydraulic support, and the dimension combination that satisfies the minimum angular velocity was obtained. The results indicate that the proposed optimization scheme can effectively improve the motion efficiency and dynamic response characteristics of hydraulic supports.
Dynamic characteristic analysis and strength optimization of vibrating screen based on computer simulation technology
Authors: Qi Kai , Li Renfei , Sun Xiaowen
Published: December 2024

The dynamics and modal characteristics are important basis for the stable operation of vibrating screen. A multi-body dynamic model of vibrating screen was established based on ADAMS, and the laws of change in the center of mass and the dynamic response of the vibration isolation system were obtained. The amplitude-frequency response results of acceleration under varying stiffness and damping coefficients were compared and analyzed, providing a crucial foundation for enhancing vibration isolation performance. The vibrating screen was analyzed for its modal characteristics using ANSYS, and the natural frequencies and vibration patterns were investigated. The distribution and main causes of the maximum resonance displacement were discussed. Drawing on the results of stress and modal shapes, the strength of the vibrating screen was significantly enhanced through multi-objective optimization methods without increasing its weight. The findings indicate that the optimized structure can achieve a 32.2 % reduction in peak stress.
Dynamic response analysis and optimization of orbital support structure
Authors: Han Xin , Chi Jinping
Published: December 2024

In order to further enhance the stability of the orbital transportation, the modal characteristics of the orbital support structure were simulated and analyzed. The multi-objective optimization method was applied to design the structure for lightweighting while increasing the first-order natural frequency and reducing the stress peak. Using ANSYS Workbench, the parametric finite element model was established, the length of the intermediate support rod, and the lateral length of the rib were regarded as the parameterized dimensions. Through dynamic characteristic analysis, the natural frequencies, modal shapes, and harmonic response characteristics were obtained. Parametric samples were obtained by using Latin square method, and the approximate model was fitted by polynomial function. Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm and Sequential Quadratic Programming were applied for optimization calculation. The results indicate that the structurally lightened design can attain higher strength and stiffness.
Dynamic characteristics analysis and optimization design of medical grinding machine
Authors: Chi Jinping , Han Xin
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the stability and reliability of medicinal grinding machine, reduce vibration and noise, and enhance the strength of load-bearing, a scheme for optimizing dynamic response characteristics without increasing mass was proposed based on multi-objective optimization methods. Using the finite element method, the modal analysis was conducted on the entire model of the grinding machine to determine its natural frequencies and vibration modes. The structural optimization design was carried out with the optimization goal of having a sixth-order natural frequency below 30 Hz and a seventh-order natural frequency above 100 Hz. The stress distribution was obtained by conducting the strength analysis on the connecting rod structure. The optimization design of the structure was carried out with the minimum value of the stress peak and the maximum value of the fatigue safety factor as the optimization objectives. The results show that the multi-objective optimization method can make the equipment avoid the resonance zone and reduce the peak stress, which is of great significance for improving the performance of the medical grinding machine.
Development and dissemination of precision agriculture practices for wheat in Central Anatolia
Authors: Polat Turgay , Yıldız Hakan , Aydoğdu Metin , Keçeci Mehmet , Aloe Karabulut Armağan , Urla Öztekin , Çolak Ahmet , Akdemir Bahattin , Türker Ufuk , Yegül Uğur
Published: December 2024

According to the results of the analysis of the soil samples taken from the production field in the Research and Application Farm of the Central Research Institute of Field Crops in 2021, a significant relationship was found between yield and NDVI and between yield and organic matter at 0.01 level. There was a significant negative relationship between lime and NDVI at 0.01 level. Increasing lime content negatively affected plant growth, which resulted in a decrease in NDVI. The positive significant correlation between NDVI, organic matter and yield indicates that NDVI value increases with increasing plant biomass. Increased biomass has added more soil organic matter. In 2021, when the yield change depending on NDVI was examined; it was observed that the yield was higher in the central and western parts of the plots where NDVI was higher, and the yield decreased in the eastern parts where the lakeshore strip was located due to the decrease in NDVI. According to the correlation results between the analysis results of soil samples taken from the farmer's field in 2021, yield values and NDVI data; a significant relationship was found between yield value and NDVI, water saturation, EC, organic matter and potassium at 0.01 level. Again, the relationship between yield and phosphorus was determined at 0.05 level. There was a significant negative relationship between yield and lime at 0.05 level.
Impact of climate change on olive suitability areas
Authors: Yıldız Hakan , Alsancak Sırlı Belgin , Doğan Doğan , Aydoğdu Metin
Published: December 2024

The impact of climate change is being felt more and more by everyone. This effect is particularly observed in crop production in agricultural areas. The region where olive cultivation is most widespread and where the effects of climate change are felt the most is the Mediterranean region. Olive cultivation in Türkiye is mostly carried out in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions. This study aims to determine the changes in olive suitability areas according to climate change projections. Three different global climate models (HadGEM2-ES, GFDL-ESM2M and CSIRO) were used in the study. The average of each dataset was calculated according to bioclimatic parameters. WorldClim data was used as reference climate data. The studies were conducted with RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 projection data. Data for three different periods-the reference period, the years of 2050s and 2080s- were used. Maxent and BioClim species distribution models were used to produce suitability maps for olive. In the BioClim Model, in the RCP 4.5 2050, RCP 4.5 2080, RCP 8.5 2080 and RCP 8.5 2050 periods, there was a decrease of 8%, 18.6%, 20% and 23.4% in very suitable areas compared to the reference period, respectively. In the Maxent model, there was a decrease of 59.3%, 40.6%, 69.7% and 5.8% in very suitable areas in RCP 4.5 2050, RCP 4.5 2080, RCP 8.5 2080 and RCP 8.5 2050, respectively, compared to the reference period. The mean AUC value for olive was 0.874 with a standard deviation of 0.002. The AUC test value obtained shows that the model is sensitive and descriptive for olives.
Evaluation of some physical properties of cattle manure
Authors: Demirel Atasoy Zeynep , Atasoy Özümcan
Published: December 2024

Cattle manure, which is obtained from cattles and is a biological material, goes through many basic processes such as collection from animal shelters, transportation, storage and distribution as animal fertilizer. The physical properties of manure are of great importance in the manure processes and the design of farm manure machinery. In this study, animal manure with and without bedding was considered as material. Manure bedding was selected from sawdust and straw. Among the characteristics effective in the mechanization of the applications; dry matter ratio, volumetric weight and natural repose angle were determined. As a result, it was determined that the type of bedding used, manure moisture content and repose angle were effective on the physical properties of manure. In addition, it was found that the dry matter ratio of farm manure changed with the type of bedding used and the dry matter content of straw-based manure was higher. When the volumetric weights were examined, the average volumetric weight of the manure without bedding was 857.48 kg/m³, the sawdust manure was 653.84 kg/m³ and the straw manure was 590.37 kg/m³. Moreover, it was obtained that the angle of repose values was lower in the bedding manure.
Integrating 5E inquiry-based learning and STEM education to enhance grade 5 students’ science process skills and achievement in friction
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand, Kaewmanee Thanaporn , Srisenpila Aimon ,   Muang Roi Et School, Roi Et, Thailand, Worapun Wittaya ,   Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
Published: December 2024

This research examines the impact of a teaching plan that combines the 5E inquiry-based learning model with STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) principles on the science process skills and learning achievement of grade 5 students in the topic of friction in a Thai educational context. The study used classroom action research to evaluate whether students achieved specific skill and knowledge objectives. A purposive sampling method was used to select 45 grade 5 students from a public school. The tools used included the integrated 5E-STEM teaching plan, a science process skills test, and a friction learning achievement test. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean scores, standard deviation, and a paired samples t-test. The results showed significant improvements in students' science process skills and learning achievement, highlighting the benefits of adopting innovative teaching approaches like 5E inquiry-based learning and STEM education. However, the small sample size and absence of qualitative data suggest the need for further research to refine and expand these practices.
Extensão Universitária e Educação Popular
Authors: Silveira Fraga Lais , Cano Agustin , Sánchez Ceclia
Published: December 2024

Em um contexto de curricularização da extensão, de implementação da Lei de Cotas para o Ensino Superior e do alargamento do conceito de extensão universitária, este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a perspectiva da Extensão Popular na atual conjuntura, através da análise dos textos de seu principal autor José Francisco de Melo Neto da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB). A pergunta que buscamos explorar é: quais são as particularidades da concepção da Extensão Popular, suas principais características e contribuições para o campo da Extensão Universitária na atual conjuntura? Adicionalmente busca-se refletir sobre os limites e possibilidades desta perspectiva a partir de um olhar interseccional. Interessa, especialmente, conhecer os fundamentos e bases teórico-metodológicas desta perspectiva extensionista em diálogo com o seu contexto de formulação e como ela se desdobra a partir de novas questões e novas lutas que o contexto atual apresenta.
Educación popular y extensión universitaria: rastros teóricos y nodos críticos a partir de la experiencia
Authors: Cano Agustín , Sánchez Cecilia
Published: December 2024

El artículo aborda el tema de las relaciones entre educación popular y universidad, a partir de la experiencia del Núcleo de Educación y Territorio del Programa Integral Metropolitano (PIM) de la Udelar (Uruguay). Se rastrean momentos nodales de las relaciones entre educación popular y extensión universitaria, identificando trayectos comunes, relaciones dialécticas y conceptualizaciones cruzadas. Luego se aborda la experiencia “Diálogos de saberes entre universidad y enseñanza media”, realizada junto a centros educativos públicos y colectivos docentes de la periferia noreste de Montevideo. Sobre esta base, se plantean dos nodos críticos relevantes en el contexto actual: la discusión entre alternativas pedagógicas y tentativas, y el tema del territorio como espacio de disputa por lo público y construcción de lo común. El trabajo culmina planteando puntos nodales para la relación entre educación popular y extensión universitaria, y colocando la atención en el problema de la articulación.
Descolonizar las fronteras de la universidad
Authors: Cardona Hernández Leidy Carolina , Fisgativa Sabogal Carlos Mario
Published: December 2024

Este artículo identifica los desafíos epistemológicos e institucionales para las ciencias sociales y humanas en las universidades ante el capitalismo cognitivo, las violencias estructurales y epistémicas, implicadas en la producción de conocimiento. Para ello, se revisan los límites fundacionales de los saberes y de las instituciones, desde las críticas de Derrida y Santos a las estructuras moderno/coloniales. Luego, se remite a las epistemologías situadas de Haraway y Castro-Gómez para cuestionar la pretensión del conocimiento neutro y universal. Por último, se consideran los aportes de la teoría decolonial, las epistemologías feministas, los enfoques interseccionales, como rutas político-emancipatorias para la investigación y la extensión social en las instituciones de educación superior. Para concluir que, ante los desafíos y anuncios de crisis de las universidades y de las humanidades, las perspectivas expuestas ofrecen diagnósticos que posibilitan la negociación de afinidades parciales, tejidos pluriversos de saberes, praxis compartidas desde la acción colectiva para la democratización del conocimiento.
Diálogo-Dialético na EJA
Authors: Borges Lemes Sobral Julieta , Reis Renato Hilário dos , Vieira Maria Clarisse
Published: December 2024

Este artigo  apresenta alguns dos resultados de pesquisa que buscou analisar e contribuir para o processo de dialogia-dialética entre a Educação Popular e a Educação de Jovens e Adultos em uma Escola Pública  no Distrito Federal, por meio da parceria histórica que se realiza desde 1985 entre o grupo de pesquisa XXX e o Centro XXX.   O trabalho teve como matriz de análise a perspectiva histórico-cultural marxista de desenvolvimento humano presentes em Vigotski e Bakhtin, e de constituição humana e entrelaçamento do “ser de amor-poder-saber” de Autor ( 2011).  Como resultados a investigação indica que a dialogia-dialética é uma conquista que não está dada a priori, é algo a ser construído com o tempo e com muito trabalho. Dialogia-dialética que implica o desarme interior para se colocar em relação com o outro. Desarme que não significa negar a si ou negar os confrontos e embates, mas reconhecer que eu só sou na relação com o outro: Dialogia-dialética que se dá em uma relação tensa, mas fundamentalmente de acolhida e afirmação minha e do outro.
Jovens Voluntários(as) em um Cursinho Popular Universitário
Authors: Rodrigues Alves Izabella , Magela Pereira Leão Geraldo , Poliana Nonato Symaira
Published: December 2024

Este artigo aborda as experiências de jovens que atuaram como voluntários(as) em um cursinho popular de uma universidade pública. Ele se baseia em dados de uma pesquisa sobre as trajetórias, os contextos de vida, as vivências e os significados que esses(as) jovens atribuíam à sua atuação nessa experiência de extensão universitária. A análise partiu da discussão de referências teóricas acerca da Sociologia da Juventude e da experiência social. A metodologia da pesquisa foi organizada em três fases: levantamento do corpus documental dos cursinhos populares na universidade, aplicação de questionários de cunho qualitativo e entrevistas narrativas semiestruturadas. No que se refere aos resultados, os relatos permitiram compreender como a experiência no cursinho repercutiu na trajetória dos(as) jovens. Como uma atividade extensionista, constatou-se a potencialidade do projeto como prática educativa que incidia sobre valores, visões de mundo e projetos de atuação profissional.
Mais Uma Vez Convocados
Authors: Santos Claudecir dos , Grosseli Camila
Published: December 2024

Fruto de uma pesquisa em nível Stricto sensu, em andamento, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e problematizar possibilidades para a criação e sobrevivência de um movimento simbiótico entre universidade, movimentos sociais populares e transformação social da realidade. Para tanto, o artigo resgata ideias e ações do sociólogo, docente e político brasileiro, Florestan Fernandes, com o intuito de perceber, a partir das proposições do autor, os desafios para a efetivação de um projeto de universidade popular. É nesse contexto que o artigo apresenta o caso da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, instituição oriunda da luta de movimentos sociais, estruturada como uma universidade popular interiorana. Em suas conclusões, o artigo destaca as aproximações entre os ideais de Florestan Fernandes para uma educação democrática e as condições de efetividade desse ideal a partir de um exemplo concreto, demonstrando a atualidade do chamado: Mais uma vez convocados.
Pesquisa na Educação Popular Freireana em uma Universidade Latino-Americana
Authors: Apoluceno de Oliveira Ivanilde , Oliveira Rodrigues Kássya Christinna , Bezerra Teresa Christina da Cruz
Published: December 2024

Este estudo ressignifica para o campo teórico-metodológico da pesquisa científica em Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Educação elementos educacionais e pedagógicos desenvolvidos por Freire com a educação popular. Assim, objetiva analisar a contribuição da educação popular de Freire às pesquisas no ensino superior, tendo por base categorias freireanas presentes em três estudos vinculados a um grupo de pesquisa de educação popular de uma universidade na Amazônia Paraense. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfico-documental que tem como referência obras de Freire (2015, 2013a, 2013b) e de pesquisadores/as da educação popular (Brandão, 2006; Streck, 2019; Saul, 2022), tendo por base os relatórios de três pesquisas que se apropriaram de Freire como fundamentação teórico-metodológica. Entre os resultados destaca-se que o pensamento de Freire aponta para a realização de pesquisas colaborativas, críticas e dialógicas que permitem aos atores da educação serem partícipes do processo de investigação.
Ethical Considerations for Wastewater Surveillance Conducted by the US Department of Defense
Authors: Smith Hunter Jackson , Agans Richard T , Kowallis William J
Published: December 2024

The US Department of Defense (DoD) is establishing its wastewater surveillance capacities to support national security objectives and promote the public health and medical readiness of US service members. Wastewater surveillance is an emerging technology that has traditionally been leveraged for detecting infectious diseases. However, its potential future applications could yield a vast and unpredictable amount of information that could be used for a wide variety of both health- and nonhealth-related purposes. The US military also serves an inimitable role for the country and its citizens, and exercises significant levels of control over its service members compared to civilian organizations. Further, its present and potential wastewater surveillance activities may reach far beyond just military installations. These factors raise unique ethical considerations that must be accounted for by leaders and policymakers to ensure the DoD implements a wastewater surveillance network in a manner that is both impactful in supporting public health and appropriate to the scope and population under surveillance. This paper explores important ethical features in conducting wastewater surveillance that are both specific to the DoD experience and applicable to wider public health initiatives.
One LLM is not Enough: Harnessing the Power of Ensemble Learning for Medical Question Answering (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Han , Li Mingchen , Zhou Huixue , Xiao Yongkang , Fang Qian , Zhang Rui
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, including medical question-answering (QA). However, individual LLMs often exhibit varying performance across different medical QA datasets, highlighting the need for strategies that can harness their collective strengths. Ensemble learning methods, which combine multiple models to improve overall accuracy and reliability, offer a promising approach to address this challenge. In this study, we introduce the LLM-Synergy framework, employing two ensemble methods—Boosting-based Weighted Majority Vote and Cluster-based Dynamic Model Selection—to enhance performance across diverse medical QA tasks.

OBJECTIVE

To enhance the accuracy and reliability of medical QA tasks by developing efficient ensemble learning approaches deploying the LLM technologies. We focus on improving performance across diverse medical QA datasets through innovative ensemble strategies.

METHODS

Our study employs three medical QA datasets: PubMedQA, MedQA-USMLE, and MedMCQA, each presenting unique challenges in biomedical QA. The proposed LLM-Synergy framework, focusing exclusively on zero-shot LLMs, incorporates two primary ensemble methods. The first is a Boosting-based weighted majority vote ensemble, where decision-making is expedited and refined by assigning variable weights to different LLMs through a boosting algorithm. The second method is Cluster-based Dynamic Model Selection, which dynamically selects the most suitable LLM votes for each query, based on the characteristics of question contexts, utilizing a clustering technique to optimize model selection..

RESULTS

Both the Majority Weighted Vote and Dynamic Model Selection methods demonstrate superior performance compared to individual LLMs across three medical QA datasets. Specifically, the accuracies are 35.84%, 96.21%, and 37.26% for MedMCQA, PubMedQA, and MedQA-USMLE, respectively, with the Majority Weighted Vote. Correspondingly, the Dynamic Model Selection yields slightly higher accuracies of 38.01% for MedMCQA, 96.36% for PubMedQA, and 38.13% for MedQA-USMLE.

CONCLUSIONS

The LLM-Synergy framework utilizing two ensemble methods, represents a significant advancement in leveraging LLMs for medical QA tasks. This framework provides an innovative and efficient approach to utilizing LLM technologies, enabling customization for both current and potentially future challenges in biomedical and health informatics research.
Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques to Identify and Mitigate Phishing Websites
Authors: Das Soumya Ranjan , Reddy Ramireddy Nithileswar , Kumar Yogesh , Nazhath Khudaija
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This paper focuses on understanding and solving the problem of phishing websites. Phishing is a type of cyber attack
that creates fake websites and URLs that look like real people and tricks people into sharing sensitive information, such as
passwords or financial details. These attacks target unsuspecting users and can have serious consequences. In this study, we
discuss how AI can help identify and prevent phishing websites. We also explore different AI models that could create smarter,
more effective anti-phishing systems in the future. While phishing is quite a common problem, no single method can address all
the vulnerabilities. Instead, an amalgamation of techniques is often needed to combat different types of attacks. Machine
learning, in particular, is a powerful tool that can mitigate phishing attempts and ensure online safety for everyone.
As technology advances, phishing approaches are becoming more sophisticated and often outpacing the potency of present antiphishing tools, which often have limitations. This paper explores how to use machine learning controls to combat phishing. The
goal is to create an efficient, accurate, and effective system. To achieve this, we use four machine learning models: K- Nearest
Neighbors (KNN), Kernel-SVM, Random Forest Classifier, and Decision Tree. These models rely on labeled datasets to learn
and improve their ability to detect phishing attempts. Each of these algorithms brings unique strengths to the classification
process, helping to identify and prevent malicious activity. Machine learning allows cybersecurity systems to analyze patterns,
adapt to new threats, and take proactive steps to stop future attacks. By integrating machine learning into security, we can take
important steps to protect users from these attacks
AI Powered Legal Querying System using NLP
Authors: N Pushpa R , Walke Sanjana G , D Sharadhi , K Sharvari P , S Shreya C
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The RAG-Based Legal Assistant Chatbot is a cutting-edge AI-powered solution designed to streamline legal
information retrieval and document analysis. By leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and integrating
technologies such as LangChain and FAISS (Facebook AI Similarity Search), the chatbot processes and indexes large volumes
of legal documents, delivering precise and contextually relevant insights to user queries. This project addresses the challenge of
navigating extensive legal literature by transforming legal PDFs into searchable embeddings stored in FAISS. Users interact
with the system through a conversational interface built with Streamlit, which maintains query context to ensure accurate and
accessible responses for legal professionals and non-specialists alike.The system’s backend infrastructure is implemented in
Python, utilizing LangChain for efficient language model operations and FAISS for semantic search. Key functionalities
include document ingestion, intelligent retrieval, and conversational interaction. The design prioritizes scalability and
adaptability, enabling future integrations with diverse legal knowledge bases and supporting additional languages or
jurisdictions.The chatbot’s performance has been validated through extensive testing, showcasing high retrieval precision and
low response times. These features significantly enhance productivity by automating time-consuming tasks such as document
search and legal analysis, allowing users to focus on critical decision-making.This project highlights the transformative
potential of AI in the legal domain, bridging the gap between complex legal information and user accessibility. Future
developments will aim to enhance the system's natural language processing capabilities, incorporate real-time data updates, and
integrate advanced security measures to safeguard sensitive legal information. In conclusion, the RAG-Based Legal Assistant
Chatbot is an intelligent and robust tool that simplifies legal information access, demonstrating how AI can revolutionize
traditional industries through precision, scalability, and innovation
A Four Element UWB MIMO Antenna with Band - Notched Characteristics for Wireless Communication Applications
Authors: Navya Sharabu , Varadarajan Dr. S.
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This study proposes an innovative approach to enhance isolation in a four-element Ultra Wide Band (UWB) range
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system. The design employs unique rhombic and cross-shaped slot structures
to achieve compactness, with dimensions of 34 mm × 34 mm × 1.6 mm. To minimize mutual coupling, the antenna incorporates
orthogonally placed feed lines alongside a parasitic strip measuring 17 mm × 1 mm × 1.6 mm. The antenna effectively
suppresses interference from specific bands, including WiMAX, WLAN, and X-band, through the integration of L-shaped and Cshaped slits combined with Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) elements. Simulation results, verified through practical testing,
confirm an operational bandwidth 2 GHz to 12 GHz, excluding the targeted notched bands. The design achieves superior
isolation (S11 < -10 dB), a peak gain of 2.5–5 dB, and excellent interference rejection capabilities. These features establish the
antenna as a highly efficient option for next-generation UWB-MIMO wireless communication applications.
Women at the Forefront: Supporting Female-Led HIV Prevention Initiatives
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: December 2024

Female-led initiatives in HIV prevention are increasingly recognized as a powerful means of addressing the gender-specific challenges women face in the fight against HIV. Women are disproportionately affected by HIV, and their vulnerability is often exacerbated by gender-based inequalities, cultural norms, and limited access to healthcare. By empowering women to lead HIV prevention efforts, these initiatives can better address the unique needs of women, increase awareness, and reduce stigma surrounding HIV. This article explores the importance of supporting female leadership in HIV prevention, highlighting successful initiatives, challenges, and the impact of women’s leadership on public health outcomes. The article discusses the role of female leaders in HIV prevention, emphasizing their ability to tailor strategies that resonate with women’s lived experiences. Female-led initiatives often focus on culturally appropriate approaches that address barriers such as lack of education, economic dependency, and sexual and reproductive health challenges. Women leaders also play a critical role in reducing stigma and promoting community engagement, ultimately fostering a more inclusive environment for HIV prevention and care.
Keywords: Female-led initiatives, HIV prevention, gender equality, women’s health, empowerment
Fighting HIV at the Grassroots: Local Leadership in Prevention Programs
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: December 2024

HIV prevention has seen significant advancements through various approaches, yet one of the most impactful strategies is leveraging local leadership in grassroots communities. Local leaders, including health workers, religious figures, and community activists, play a crucial role in shaping attitudes, reducing stigma, and mobilizing resources for HIV prevention. This review highlights the importance of community-driven HIV prevention programs and examines how local leadership fosters trust, promotes safer behaviors, and ensures sustainability in tackling the epidemic. It emphasizes the unique position of grassroots leaders to bridge the gap between formal healthcare systems and underserved communities. The success of grassroots HIV prevention initiatives has been evident in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, where community health workers and faith-based leaders have led impactful programs. These leaders are often better equipped to address the specific cultural and social contexts of the populations they serve. By incorporating culturally relevant education, advocacy, and healthcare resources, local leaders effectively reduce barriers to HIV care and prevention. However, the success of such programs is not without challenges, including the persistence of stigma, limited resources, and the need for more formal training for local leaders.
Keywords: HIV Prevention, Grassroots Leadership, Community-Based Programs, Local Leadership, Public Health
Child-Friendly HIV Prevention Programs in Low-Income Schools: Bridging the Gap for a Healthier Future
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: December 2024

Child-friendly HIV prevention programs in low-income schools are essential in addressing the heightened vulnerability of children to HIV, especially in regions with limited resources and healthcare infrastructure. These programs are designed to provide age-appropriate, engaging, and culturally sensitive education, equipping children with the knowledge and skills needed to prevent HIV transmission. By focusing on participatory teaching methods such as peer education, role-playing, and interactive discussions, these programs empower children to make informed decisions regarding their sexual health. This review examines the key components of successful child-friendly HIV prevention programs, exploring their impact on children’s understanding of HIV, the role of community involvement, and the importance of teacher training in creating an effective learning environment. Despite the promising results of such programs, several challenges remain, including resource limitations, cultural barriers, and inadequate access to healthcare services. In many low-income settings, the scarcity of educational materials, the stigma surrounding HIV, and the lack of trained teachers hinder the successful implementation of HIV prevention education. Moreover, without consistent access to HIV prevention tools such as condoms and testing, the impact of these programs may be limited. Addressing these barriers requires a multi-faceted approach, involving local communities, health organizations, and schools to ensure that children receive comprehensive HIV education alongside access to preventive resources.
Keywords: HIV Prevention, Child-Friendly Programs, Low-Income Schools, Education, Public Health
Full Mouth Rehabilitation of Early Childhood Caries Under General Anesthesia: A Case Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Gupta Sonal , Baby Abia , Ayub Sheenam , Prawin Akil
Published: December 2024

ECC is a rising healthcare concern in developing countries. It leads to immediate or late complications, which may affect the overall well-being and development of the child. Hence treating it as well as modifying its risk factors at the earliest is required. Treating s-ECC may require extensive procedures and long appointments to which many children especially under the age of five do not comply. In such situations when all the other means of management has failed, treatment can be done under general anaesthesia which reduces the trauma caused by multiple dental visits. A treatment is successful only if regular recall and checkup is done. This report presents the case a 4 yrs old female patient with Frankel’s definitely negative behaviour diagnosed with ECC and describes in detail its restorative and rehabilitative management carried out under General Anaesthesia.
Keywords: General anaesthesia Full mouth rehabilitation, Early childhood caries.
Education as Prevention: Teaching HIV Awareness in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Published: December 2024

HIV/AIDS continues to disproportionately impact low-resource settings, where limited access to healthcare, information, and prevention services exacerbates the epidemic. Education is a critical prevention strategy, providing individuals and communities with the tools to understand and reduce HIV transmission risks. This review highlights the transformative role of educational interventions in addressing gaps in awareness, promoting safer practices, and fostering a culture of empathy and acceptance. By tailoring approaches to cultural and societal contexts, education can empower marginalized populations and break down barriers to effective prevention. Despite its potential, implementing HIV education in low-resource settings faces significant challenges. These include infrastructural limitations, societal stigma, cultural resistance, and a shortage of trained educators. The lack of funding and inconsistent political support further hinders the reach and sustainability of such programs. Addressing these obstacles requires a multi-faceted approach, incorporating community engagement, leveraging technology, and fostering collaborations between public and private sectors. Case studies from countries like Uganda, South Africa, and India demonstrate that innovative, context-specific strategies can overcome these barriers and deliver measurable outcomes.
Keywords: HIV, Education strategies, Low-resource settings, Community engagement, Stigma reduction
Bridging the Gap: Investigating the State-of-the-Art Approaches in Oral Biologic Delivery and Their Role in Redefining Therapeutic Possibilities
Authors: Agrahari Aman , Kesharwani Vipin , Singh Shashi , Nath Nandini
Published: December 2024

Biopharmaceutical medications that originate from biological sources and processes are known as biologics. Biologics are now the most promising medications for oral use in treating a variety of illnesses. These illnesses may involve problems with inflammation and metabolism. It has been established that the most practical way to provide medication is by oral delivery of biologics. Due to the simplicity of taking doses, patients are observed to be directed towards the oral drug, demonstrating its great effectiveness. Even though biologicals are the most promising medicine, oral delivery of these drugs still faces numerous challenges because of a number of extremely strict limitations. The two major obstacles are the sensitivity and the difficulty of delivering the biologics through the gastrointestinal tract. Because oral administration of biologicals has been shown to be crucial for achieving the desired long-term effects from the treatment, it is the most researched topic and continues to attract the attention of several researchers. Since it is more convenient for patients, taking medications orally is preferred; however, biologics cannot currently be administered orally. Multiple barriers are present in the gastrointestinal tract due to its physiological role, which restricts the absorption of complex macromolecules into the body after intake. Because biologics are relatively large molecules, they have very limited permeability across the intestinal mucosa in addition to being exceedingly vulnerable to the harsh environment of the digestive tract. The history of research on oral delivery of biologics is extensive, and the recent surge in biologics has further intensified this body of work. The primary physiological obstacles to oral biologic delivery are outlined in this article along with many research approaches that may be used to facilitate or enhance oral biological delivery.
Keywords: Biologics, intestinal mucosa, permeability, oral delivery, gastrointestinal tract, macromolecules
Antioxidants and the Prevention of Neonatal Jaundice: A Narrative Review
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Obeagu Getrude Uzoma
Published: December 2024

Neonatal jaundice, characterized by elevated bilirubin levels in newborns, is a common condition that can lead to severe complications like kernicterus if not managed effectively. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of neonatal jaundice by exacerbating red blood cell breakdown and overwhelming the body's ability to process bilirubin. This review explores the potential of antioxidant supplementation as a therapeutic strategy for mitigating oxidative stress and preventing severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The body's natural antioxidant defense systems, including enzymes like superoxide dismutase and non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamins C and E, are often underdeveloped in newborns, particularly in preterm infants. This deficiency leaves them more vulnerable to oxidative damage, increasing the risk of jaundice. Antioxidants, which neutralize free radicals, may help reduce bilirubin levels and prevent the escalation of jaundice to dangerous levels.
Keywords: Neonatal jaundice, antioxidants, bilirubin, oxidative stress, kernicterus.