bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foot and mouth disease prevalence in cattle and buffaloes from India determined by systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Krishnamoorth P , KARTHIKA N , SANGEETHA T R , SURESH K P , SRIDEVI R , SHOME B R
Published: June 2022

In the present study, Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) prevalence in cattle and buffaloes from India was determined by employing systematic review and meta-analysis. The FMD prevalence studies (73) reported during 1986-2021 were obtained from online databases, offline literatures and meta-analysis by using meta package in R-Software was done. The pooled FMD prevalence in India was 43% (95% level CI 35-52%, PI 3-94%) obtained by using 5,00,267 samples. Period-wise analysis revealed a higher prevalence of 68% during 1986-2000 than recent years. A higher FMD prevalence in east zone (59%), and lower in central zone (24%) was observed. Among 19 states, a higher prevalence of FMD was detected in Rajasthan (81%) and lower in Andaman and Nicobar (3%). Species-wise analysis indicated a higher prevalence in cattle (45%) than buffaloes (30%). The method-wise analysis revealed a higher prevalence in antigen detection (49%) than the antibody detection (42%) methods. The FMD seroprevalence was 59% against the FMD vaccination obtained by liquid phase blocking ELISA. In India, a higher FMD prevalence by serotype O (64%) than other serotypes was observed. Thus, the higher FMD prevalence zone, states, species, methods and serotypes identified may be employed by policy makers for making informed decisions to maximise the use of scarce resources available. There was a decreasing trend in FMD prevalence in the recent years, however, need is there to prevent FMD by vaccination to move in the progressive control pathway stages. This will help in increasing export trade and eventually result in economic benefits to dairy farmers
Antimicrobial resistance in humans and livestock population in India
Authors: SEN ARNAB , BANDOPADHYAY SAMIRAN , MISRI JYOTI , CHAUHAN H C , KUMAR P ANAND , VAID R K , DUTTA T K , DUBAL Z B , SHOME B R , K SINGH R , BHATIA RAJESH , KUMAR ASHOK , JENA J K , P MILTON A A , GHATAK S , DAS S , PEGU R K , VISE E , TRIPATHI B N
Published: June 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered as one of the biggest threats to modern civilization. The reviewis published with a view to provide awareness about this growing menace, which if not monitored and controlledcould lead to major public health consequences with greater economic impact. Very little data and information isavailable regarding AMR in livestock and aquaculture. An attempt was made to collate the available information onAMR subsequent to constitution of INFAAR (Indian Network on Fishery and Animals Antimicrobial Resistance) byICAR and FAO, in reference to National Action Plan on AMR by GoI in April, 2017.
Importance of Safety Equity in Transportation System Safety
Authors: Garcia Anne
Published: June 2022

Public transportation in the U.S. often relies on multi-modal components that represent a system of systems as exemplified by transit rail. Currently, transit rail safety is measured for individual railroads as the number of events/fatalities/injuries by productivity level (typically, revenue miles). Barriers for measuring the safety of the transit transportation system of systems include the aggregation of transit properties for a passenger’s trip and the varieties of safety management systems used by transit agencies. 

An alternative perspective asks how safe passengers are, instead of how safe railroads are. It posits a fundamental shift to a human-centric perspective on transportation system safety which is the foundation for determining the level of transportation safety equity outcomes. The major barrier to ensuring safety equity outcomes is a lack of safety data for subgroups of the population, based on biodemographic, socioeconomic and disability data. These data are essential for determining if safety levels are equal across subgroups of the population, or if transportation safety inequities exist. If safety outcomes differ across subgroups of the popula-tion, then root causes for the disparity need to be determined and mitigated. The public service duty is to ensure that risk interventions and safety outcomes apply equitably to all.
Model Based Functional Safety – How Functional Is It?
Authors: Hendrix Barry , Lewis Thomas , Emery Melissa , Rachele Brian
Published: June 2022

As the engineering world embraces Model Based System Engineering (MBSE), the system safety discipline should also enfold and support MBSE methodology and approaches. The need for Model Based Functional safety, as part of the established system safety and software safety process, is becoming apparent due to existing and developing system design complexity. This paper is intended to show how valuable Model Based Functional Safety approaches can be when evaluating safety signification functions of complex software-intensive integrated systems. Using models can improve the accuracy during the Functional Hazard Analysis (FHA) and can help validate Fault Tree Analyses (FTA) and subsequent system safety analysis (SSA) process and results because the model focuses on the architecture, the physical system, the computer system, as well as the applicable software/middleware/Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs). Model Based Functional Safety may utilize use cases, structural architecture models, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, functional flow diagrams, and state/mode models to depict safety attributes and to influence explicit safety requirements. SysML may be used to depict critical functions, functional threads, safety features, and expected behavior. Such augmented models (safety models) can also be used to analyze potential off nominal failure conditions and system behavior for various scenarios when conducting FHAs and subsequently detailed system and software safety analyses. This paper will provide an example of the MBSE framework and concepts for tool use in the functional safety analysis and the utilization of attributed models and artifacts to supplement system safety documentation.
STANDARDIZATION OF EDUCATION AND HIERARCHY OF PEDAGOGICAL GOALS OF B. BLOOM
Authors:   State University of Humanities and Social Studies, Grishenko V.D. , Reztsova S.A.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the chronology of Russian educational standards, and dwells on the basic principles of the Fed- eral State Educational Standards for Schools and Universities. The research describes B. Bloom’s and his followers’ taxonomy of educational goals and its three domains: cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The paper analyzes and compares the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standards for mastering the basic curriculum and the requirements of B. Bloom’s taxonomy of educational goals for developing learners’ cognitive skills.
PREPARATION OF TEACHERS FOR EFFECTIVE WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE AND BLENDED LEARNING
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Vorobyova M.V.
Published: June 2022

The article examines the problems of organizing the online learning process, the main aspects and new ideas. The author examines methodological techniques that can be used both in distance learning for schoolchildren and stu- dents, and in a mixed format.
MOTIVATION OF STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC FACULTIES TO IMPROVE THE CULTURE OF SPEECH AND THE LEVEL OF PROFICIENCY IN RUSSIAN
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Huseynova N.A.
Published: June 2022

The article focuses on the issues of the motivation of students of the non-linguistic faculty to study language disci- plines and improve the general culture of speech and the level of proficiency in Russian for professional purposes. The study presents the results of essays written by students of Faculty of International Lawstudying in Campus of MGIMO University.
THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CONCEPT OF DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Luhansk State Pedagogical University, Yakovenko T.V. , Kukhareva N.A.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the issues of developing the concept of the development of the creative potential of future teach- ers of vocational training; substantiates its main provisions: the idea; patterns and principles of the development of the creative potential of future teachers of vocational training; content and semantic content, reflecting the target, content and procedural aspects of the preparation of the future teacher of vocational training in the modern creative educational environment of the university.
FORMATION OF HEALTH-SAVING BEHAVIOR AMONG STUDENTS
Authors:   State Social and Humanitarian University, Anikina T.S. , Anikin А.А.
Published: June 2022

This study is devoted to the consideration of topical issues of the formation of a culture of attitude to a healthy lifestyle among students. The analysis of the sociological aspect of the practical attitude of university students to a healthy lifestyle is carried out.
INDICATORS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN KINDERGARTEN AND FAMILY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF CHILDREN
Authors:   State Social and Humanitarian University, Glachaeva S.E. , Zolotova M.Yu.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the issues of interaction between kindergarten and family, related to the goals and content of the physical culture and health work of the teaching staff and families of older preschool children. The approaches to the design of the program of physical education and development of the child and forms of interaction between preschool and family, as well as physical culture and recreation and sports and leisure activities within the framework of family education are analyzed.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY DESCRIPTORS IN THE ENGLISH, RUSSIAN, CHINESE AND JAPANESE LANGUAGES
Authors:   Moscow City University, Kovalenko A.S.
Published: June 2022

The estimation of foreign language proficiency level is one of the most challenging questions in methodology. The ar- ticle examines a competency-based approach and its place in the creation of a system to determine foreign language proficiency level. The paper provides a comparison between descriptors of English, Russian, Chinese and Japanese language proficiency.
ORGANIZATION OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES OF BACHELOR STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC SPECIALTIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY OF THE DISCIPLINE «FOREIGN LANGUAGE»
Authors:   State Social and Humanitarian University, Kiselyova N.S.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the problem of organizing research work of bachelor students at foreign (English) language classes at non-linguistic departments of universities. The concept of research activity, the practice of its application in teaching English to bachelor students are considered. The types and examples of research activities within the frame- work of the discipline «Foreign Language» for the first- and second-year undergraduate students are described.
GAMIFICATION TECHNIQUES AS A MEANS OF INCREASING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION TO LEARN FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors:   State Social and Humanitarian University, Salamatina I.I. , Mityagina E.M.
Published: June 2022

The paper focuses on the results of scientific papers’ analysis on gamification in educational process. The paper dwells upon the main approaches to the definition of the term «gamification», generalizes and systematizes the knowledge of the phenomenon in educational context. The paper presents the advantages of the gamified approach in digitalization of the educational process. Special attention is given to the problem of formation of the students’ high cognitive motivation when they are involved into gamified classes both in in-class and distance learning formats.
Profitability Determinants of the Insurance Sector in Small Pacific Island States: A Study of Fiji’s Insurance Companies
Authors: Kumar Ronald Ravinesh , Stauvermann Peter Josef , Patel Arvind , Prasad Selvin , Kumar Nikeel N.
Published: June 2022

We examine the determinants of profitability of insurance companies in Fiji as a reference country. In Fiji, insurance companies and the services have grown over the years. The study uses a financial evaluation approach. Profitability is measured by the return on assets and the return on equity. Using the two measures and the data published in the key disclosure statements as a mandatory requirement by the Reserve Bank of Fiji, we develop regression models. The fixed-effects regression model and a balanced panel are considered for the analysis. The sample comprises eight insurance companies’ financial data over the period 2010-2015. First, a base model is estimated, followed by additional models which include interaction effects as part of the sensitivity analysis and further insights. The general outcome of the estimation is that premium income, underwriting expenses, administrative expenses, and volume of capital are positively associated with profitability, whereas leverage measured by total liability over equity, and contingent liability are negatively associated with profitability. Inclusion of interaction effects provides results consistent with the base model. The study is a first attempt to analyse Fiji’s insurance sectors and provides useful information in terms of financial management of the sector. The findings can assist the insurance sector and the policy makers to formulate strategies for revenue and cost management.
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Trust, Job Autonomy and Team Connectivity: Implications for Organizational Innovativeness
Authors: Jankelová Nadežda
Published: June 2022

Promoting and increasing organizational innovation is the key factor of company's competitiveness in the current turbulent conditions. The aim of the paper is to verify the hypothesis, whether the entrepreneurial orientation of business management is effectively related to the organizational innovation of companies and at the same time, whether this relationship is mediated by team connection, work autonomy and building trust between employees and business management. The research sample was 244 managers of medium and large companies in Slovakia. The tool for data collection was a questionnaire survey and the tool for examining the mechanism of functioning of the presumed relationships is mediation with the use of regression analyses and the Sobel test to determine the significance of the indirect effect of median variables. The established hypothesis was confirmed by the study . Full mediation was identified, where up to 88% of the total effect is realized by intermediary variables with a significant influence of building trust and job autonomy. Team connectivity has a negative effect in the indirect effect, which further increases the importance of the other two mediation variables in the mediated transmission. From the controlled variables, management practice was a significant variable. The dependence is positive, i.e., the higher practice of the manager is related to the higher values of the dependent variable organizational innovation.
Effectiveness of Active Labour Market Policies in the EU Countries for the Young Unemployed People and Implications for the Post-pandemic Period
Authors: Juznik Rotar Laura
Published: June 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed vulnerability of young people in the labour market. Young people are faced with risks and an uncertain future, as well as changing the nature of labour markets. Active labour market policies are addressed as the main instrument to improve employment possibilities of young people in the light of the Covid-19 pandemic situation and its aftermath. This paper analyses the effectiveness of active labour market policies in reducing youth unemployment for the EU-26 Member States using aggregate data. Based on dynamic generalised methods of moments-GMM panel data approach, we find that active labour market policies do not support reduction of youth unemployment. Moreover, unfavourable prospects in the formal sector push young people into the informal sector. Considering the multiple shocks with which young people are being faced with, and the long-term pandemic impact, it suggests the scarring effect for young people. The analysis of the effectiveness of active labour market policy in reducing youth unemployment is of particular policy relevance, as the negative effects of the pandemic COVID-19 crisis are imminent, and the labour market situation is expected to worsen due to the fall in economic activity. Different measures of success would bring societal benefits not only from the public health perspective, but also from the perspective of well-being of young people. Moreover, OECD & European Commission (2022), in their joint policy brief, argue that investing in the growth sectors such as the circular economy, digital economy and the green economy would have the potential to employ young job seekers.
“I don’t care, ’cause I don’t trust them!” The impact of information sources, institutional trust, and right-wing populist attitudes on the perception of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first lockdown in Germany.
Authors: Reinemann Carsten , Haas Alexander , Rieger Diana
Published: June 2022

Wie Bürgerinnen und Bürger soziale Krisen wahrnehmen, wird stark von den Informationsquellen, die sie nutzen, und von ihren individuellen Eigenschaften beeinflusst. Diese wirken sich stark darauf aus, wie die erhaltenen Informationen verarbeitet und interpretiert werden. Dies dürfte auch für die COVID-19-Pandemie gelten, die Anfang 2020 die Welt zu erschüttern begann. Auf der Grundlage neuerer Forschungen zur politischen Kommunikation stellen wir die Hypothese auf, dass institutionelles Vertrauen in Medien, Politik und Wissenschaft sowie rechtspopulistische Einstellungen die Art und Weise beeinflussen, wie Menschen über diese Krise denken, die von der Politik auf der Grundlage wissenschaftlicher Expertise gemanagt und von verschiedenen Medien intensiv behandelt wurde. In diesem Beitrag wird daher der Frage nachgegangen, wie die Nutzung verschiedener Informationsquellen, das Vertrauen in diese Quellen und rechtspopulistische Einstellungen die Wahrnehmung der Schwere der COVID-19-Pandemie während der ersten Phase des ersten Lockdowns in Deutschland beeinflusst haben. Die Studie stützt sich auf Daten einer quantitativen Online-Quotenbefragung von Bundesbürgern und -bürgerinnen und kommt auf der Grundlage einer Segmentierungsanalyse zu dem Schluss, dass erstens bereits in den ersten Tagen der Pandemie Teile der Bevölkerung die Risiken der Pandemie entweder skeptisch sahen oder ganz leugneten, den wissenschaftlichen Konsens in Frage stellten und Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie ablehnten. Zweitens unterschieden sich die identifizierten Segmente neben rechtspopulistischen Einstellungen und mehreren anderen Faktoren erheblich in ihrem Vertrauen in traditionelle Medien, Politik und Wissenschaft als Informationsquellen. Wir diskutieren die Ergebnisse vor dem Hintergrund der Notwendigkeit, Vertrauen in Medien, Wissenschaft und Politik aufzubauen, zu erhalten und wiederherzustellen, um Krisenprävention, -kommunikation und -management zu ermöglichen.
Fachdidaktische Perspektiven zum Umgang mit Heterogenität im inklusiven Sportunterricht – ein kritisch-konstruktiver Überblick
Authors: Meier Stefan , Reuker Sabine
Published: June 2022

Der Umgang mit Heterogenität spielt im Rahmen fachdidaktischer Überlegungen seit jeher eine zentrale Rolle, rückt vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Umstellung auf ein inklusives Bildungssystem aber verstärkt in den Aufmerksamkeitshorizont. Mit der Ratifizierung der UN-BRK fokussierte sich der Diskurs zu einzelnen Heterogenitätsdimensionen verstärkt auf die Dimension der Behinderung. Damit einhergehend wurde die Hervorhebung einzelner Dimensionen aber auch kritisiert und die Berücksichtigung vielfältiger, intersektional verschränkter Dimensionen im Sinne eines weiten Inklusionsverständnisses eingefordert. Im Zuge dessen erfuhr auch die Auseinandersetzung zum Umgang mit Heterogenität einen neuen Aufschwung, der Anlass gibt, fachdidaktische Perspektiven, die diesem weiten Inklusionsverständnis folgen, zu bilanzieren. Hierzu werden einschlägige deutschsprachige Publikationen der Jahre 2009-2020 mittels eines Literaturreviews hinsichtlich Zielsetzungen, konzeptioneller Überlegungen sowie konkreter didaktisch-methodischer Entscheidungen systematisiert. Herausforderungen werden diskutiert und Anlässe für zukünftige Forschungsperspektiven aufgezeigt.
Identification of the associations between genes and quantitative traits using entropy-based kernel density estimation
Authors: Yee Jaeyong , Park Taesung , Park Mira
Published: June 2022

Genetic associations have been quantified using a number of statistical measures. Entropy-based mutual information may be one of the more direct ways of estimating the association, in the sense that it does not depend on the parametrization. For this purpose, both the entropy and conditional entropy of the phenotype distribution should be obtained. Quantitative traits, however, do not usually allow an exact evaluation of entropy. The estimation of entropy needs a probability density function, which can be approximated by kernel density estimation. We have investigated the proper sequence of procedures for combining the kernel density estimation and entropy estimation with a probability density function in order to calculate mutual information. Genotypes and their interactions were constructed to set the conditions for conditional entropy. Extensive simulation data created using three types of generating functions were analyzed using two different kernels as well as two types of multifactor dimensionality reduction and another probability density approximation method called m-spacing. The statistical power in terms of correct detection rates was compared. Using kernels was found to be most useful when the trait distributions were more complex than simple normal or gamma distributions. A full-scale genomic dataset was explored to identify associations using the 2-h oral glucose tolerance test results and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels as phenotypes. Clearly distinguishable single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interacting SNP pairs associated with these phenotypes were found and listed with empirical p-values.
Bilateral Prosthetic Knee Joint Infection Caused by Brucella melitensis: A Rare Case Report from Iran
Authors: Shokouhi Shervin , Tehrani Shabnam , Saleh Parviz , Yazdanpanah Atousa , Keyvanfar Amirreza
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Brucella prosthetic joint infection is a rare condition. We report a case of bilateral prosthetic knee joint infection caused by Brucella melitensis, which was cured by prolonged antibiotic therapy without implant removal. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old woman was admitted to the Labbafinejad Hospital (Tehran, Iran), complaining of pain and swelling in her knee joints from two months ago. She was also suffering from intermittent fever and night sweats. She underwent bilateral total knee arthroplasty five years ago because of a severe degenerative joint disease. Agglutination tests (wright and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME)) were positive. Her knee joint fluid and blood cultures yielded B. melitensis. The polymerase chain reaction result from her knee joint fluid was positive for Brucella spp. The patient was cured after combination therapy with doxycycline, rifampin, and gentamicin. The prosthesis was retained due to the lack of loosening in radiography. Ten months after the treatment, the patient had no symptoms and could walk with no pain. Conclusions: Clinicians should consider brucellosis in the differential diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection in the endemic regions. They should also be aware that if patients have no sign of implant loosening, they can achieve favorable outcomes only by using antibiotics and with no need for implant removal.
Reconsidering the Contralife Argument and the Principle of Double Effect
Authors: Dezort Steven ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: June 2022

According to the contralife argument, because both contraception and natural family planning (NFP) entail at least a contralife motivation to have marital intercourse but avoid pregnancy, both should be forbidden—a conclusion rejected by the natural law tradition and Church teaching, which forbid contraception but permit NFP. This paper argues that the principle of double effect (PDE) can be applied to explain why contraception is forbidden but NFP is permissible. This double-effect analysis evaluates the good effect of procreation and unity against the bad effect of lustful sexual pleasure. This paper argues that contraception fails to meet the conditions of the PDE, because it intends sexual pleasure in isolation from procreation and unity and is therefore forbidden. Conversely, NFP meets the conditions of the PDE because, as with all permissible sexual intercourse, it intends sexual pleasure in conjunction with procreation and unity and is therefore itself permissible.
Ensino Remoto: reflexões sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem na perspectiva dos professores
Authors: Santos Adriana Regina de Jesus , Sousa Juliane Alves de
Published: June 2022

O presente ensaio busca numa abordagem bibliográfica e exploratória compreender os impactos do ensino remoto na perspectiva de professores do Ensino Fundamental, considerando-os agentes imprescindíveis no processo de ensino. Por meio do arcabouço teórico e dos dados levantados no formulário online do Google Forms constatou-se que o domínio dos artefatos tecnológicos é fator preponderante no que tange o ensino remoto e que os professores não foram qualificados adequadamente para esse processo. Com vistas ao cumprimento do calendário letivo, muitas secretarias iniciaram as aulas remotas, sem considerar esse elemento.  Concomitantemente, percebeu-se que o ensino remoto não atinge a todos os alunos devido à falta de acesso as mídias digitais. Os professores também relataram que por meio das ferramentas digitais não é possível identificar se os alunos estão se apropriando dos conteúdos trabalhados. Isto posto, chega- se a conclusão de que é necessário repensar as estratégias de avaliação e acompanhamento do trabalho para este tempo, de modo que não seja também enfatizado a exclusão social. Não obstante, é preciso salientar a importância da escola pública presencial para o Ensino Fundamental devido a diversidade socioeconômica do público atendido, bem como a relevância dos processos de interação e mediação que se dão no espaço social da escola.
Entre centre-ville et banlieue : faire la navette à travers des récits audio-visuels ultra-contemporains
Authors: Rodríguez Álvarez María
Published: June 2022

La banlieue constitue, aussi bien par sa conception politique que par sa considération et sa configuration sociale, un espace privilégié pour aborder l’évolution de la question identitaire en France au XXIe siècle. Prenant les films Le brio (2017), Les misérables (2019) et la série Marseille (2016) comme point de départ, on verra comment la fiction contemporaine illustre les tensions entre deux mondes – dominant et dominé –, et on analysera la force de l’empreinte dominante dans ces productions audio-visuelles. À travers le regard des personnages-navette –ceux qui traversent constamment la frontière invisible dedans-dehors–, les espaces de la banlieue et du centre-ville se rapprochent l’un de l’autre plus qu’on ne le croirait. Ce constat nous amènera à explorer la pertinence de certains lieux communs qui leur sont apposés.
Publicar más allá del paper. Nuevos territorios para influencers académicos
Authors: Lara Tíscar
Published: June 2022

Uno de los pilares de la ciencia es la garantía de replicabilidad, y para ello son fundamentales su apertura, la transparencia de sus procedimientos y la accesibilidad a sus resultados. De esta forma, su divulgación puede despertar interés y generar nuevo conocimiento. Sin embargo, el circuito de la publicación científica va en otra dirección, pues cierra los resultados en una torre de marfil de acceso restringido a un público muy determinado, con un lenguaje en ocasiones demasiado técnico y con un elevado coste económico.
Electrical Conductivity Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolytes PEO-PVP-NaIO4 Filled with TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Vlakhov Todor , Marinov Yordan , Hadjichristov Georgi , Scaramuzza Nicola
Published: June 2022

Frequency-dependent conductivity and conduction relaxation in nanocomposite solid polymer electrolyte films consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend as host matrix, NaIO4 as ions dopant, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of average size 10 nm, were studied. The films were characterized using measurements of complex electrical impedance spectra in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 MHz, at room temperature. The concentration of the salt NaIO4 was 10 wt%, the TiO2 percentage varied from 1 wt% to 5 wt%. The frequency spectra of both alternating-current (AC) conductivity and electric modulus were analyzed in order to elucidate the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the electrical transport properties of the examined electrolyte thin films with a thickness of 150 μm.
Alkaloids from Pandanus amaryllifolius and Pandanus tectorius from Vietnam and Their Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Doncheva Tsvetelina , Kostova Nadezhda , Toshkovska Radostina , Philipov Stefan , Vu Nam , Nguyen Dat , Nguyen Trung , Do Giang , Dang Hau
Published: June 2022

Phytochemical investigation of the alkaloid composition in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. and Pandanus tectorius Parkinson was carried out. Nine pandane alkaloids were isolated and determined. The alkaloids pandamarilactonine B, N-acetylnorpandamarilactonine A and pandamarilactonine G were found for the first time in P. tectorius. The total alkaloid mixtures and alkaloid fractions of the species were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro experimental models.
Soil organic carbon and nitrogen storage under a wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)—maize (Zea maysL.) cropping system in northern China was modified by nitrogen application rates
Authors: Wang Lifang , Liu Shijie , Ma Geng , Wang Chenyang , Sun Jutao
Published: June 2022

Field cultivation practices have changing the carbon and nitrogen cycles in farmland ecosystem, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) were the important parameters in maintaining soil quality and increasing agricultural productivity, however, N application’s effects on the SOC and TN storage capacity under intensive wheat-maize cropping system remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics and relationships of SOC and TN for wheat-maize cropping system under nitrogen treatments. In doing so, continuous applications of four nitrogen application rates were examined: 0, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha−1(N0, N180, N240 and N300, respectively). Wheat yields under N180 and N240 were significantly higher than that under N300, while the maize yields under N180, N240 and N300 were significantly higher than that under N0 by 79.79, 85.23 and 86.85%, respectively; the TN content and storage were significantly higher under N240 than that under other N levels in 40–60 cm soil layer after wheat growing season; the SOC content and storage under N180 and N240 were significant higher than that under N300 in 20–40 cm after maize growing season. The correlations between SOC and TN contents (or storage) were stronger after wheat planting than maize planting. These findings provide a basis for further studies on the effect of long-term N application on SOC and TN storage, crop quality and nitrogen use efficiency under wheat-maize cropping systems.
La Administración Pública sí está sujeta a plazos: Comentarios a partir del caso Schmidt con Departamento De Extranjería y Migración de 2020 y de más de sesenta fallos similares de 2021
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Chile, Matheus Hidalgo Mayerlin
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo tiene como finalidad evidenciar el error en que incurre una parte de la doctrina al afirmar que en Chile la Administración no está sujeta a plazos ciertos, y, asimismo, demostrar cómo la Corte Suprema de Justicia ha establecido sin lugar a duda que la Administración sí está sujeta a plazos y que su inobservancia constituye una omisión ilegal y arbitraria. También se destaca la posible responsabilidad de la Administración cuando dicha omisión ha sido declarada.
El trasvase probatorio entre el proceso penal y el procedimiento administrativo sancionador: análisis del caso chileno desde el ordenamiento español
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Sánchez Egaña Alberto
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar la posible utilización de las pruebas rendidas en el marco de un proceso penal, como pruebas de cargo en un procedimiento administrativo sancionador, con especial énfasis en el ámbito temporal de su obtención y en aquellas que, lícitamente incorporadas por el Ministerio Público previa autorización judicial, hayan supuesto una intrusión en los derechos fundamentales del imputado. El estudio se realiza por vía comparativa con el Derecho Español en virtud del correlato que ha tenido, en el ámbito chileno, la construcción del denominado derecho administrativo sancionador al amparo de la teoría de la unidad del ius puniendi estatal.
Aspectos reproductivos de la viejita Paranthias colonus (Perciformes: Serranidae) en la costa central mexicana del Pacífico
Authors: Lucano-Ramírez Gabriela , Santana-Cornejo Adriana Stephania , Ruiz-Ramírez Salvador , González-Sansón Gaspar , Aguilar-Betancourt Consuelo , Perez-Toledo Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Muchas especies de la familia Serranidae son hermafroditas y tienen importancia comercial. Paranthias colonus pertenece a esta familia, y no se conocen las características de su reproducción. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo con ejemplares provenientes de la pesca comercial en la costa sur de Jalisco, México. En total, fueron procesados 1,541 ejemplares, los cuales presentaron una longitud media de 30.30 ± 0.10 cm y un intervalo de longitud de 19.80 a 38.00 cm. Las gónadas de los ejemplares fueron analizadas macro y microscópicamente. La proporción de sexos fue de 1.00:0.97 (H:M). De acuerdo con los valores mensuales máximos del índice gonadosomático, los estadios de madurez gonadal y el diámetro de los ovocitos, P. colonus presenta 2 periodos reproductivos amplios, de marzo a junio y de noviembre a diciembre. Se encontró correlación significativa entre los valores medios mensuales del índice gonadosomático y el factor de condición relativo. Las gónadas en estadio maduro presentaron ovocitos en 6 fases de desarrollo diferentes y con diámetros de 14.30 a 417.40 µm, lo que supone que el desarrollo de los ovocitos es asincrónico. En el testículo, el desarrollo de la línea germinal es del tipo lobular no restringido. Este órgano no presentó un arreglo típico de un pez teleósteo, ya que los lóbulos parecen estar delimitados por lamelas. La información generada en este estudio indica que P. colonus es una especie gonocórica. La longitud media de madurez fue de 26.80 cm en hembras y 26.90 cm en machos. Las longitudes medias de captura indicaron que el 79.70% de las hembras y el 83.30% de los machos ya se habían reproducido por lo menos una vez antes de ser capturados.
ATRIBUTOS FÍSICO-HÍDRICOS E ESTOQUE DE CARBONO DE SOLOS DE ÁREAS SOB IRRIGAÇÃO EM ITAÍ, SP
Authors: Ferreira Filizola Heloisa , Barreto Luiz Alfredo José , De Holanda Nunes Maia Aline , Hernani Luiz Carlos
Published: June 2022

O aumento da demanda por alimentos, associado à escassez de áreas para expansão da agricultura, tornam cada vez mais necessárias as pesquisas relacionadas com a conservação do solo e a redução do carbono atmosférico. Assim, a busca por sistemas de cultivo sustentáveis e equilibrados tem crescido nas últimas décadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi, então, avaliar e comparar atributos físico-hídricos de solos de duas bacias de primeira ordem cultivadas com plantio sob irrigação por pivô central, em Itaí, SP, para estimar a condição das áreas de cultura. Os resultados indicam concentração da distribuição granulométrica na faixa da argila, porém com diferença entre eles. Os solos avaliados têm também outras características em comum, como o diâmetro médio ponderado, o elevado índice de estabilidade de agregados e a densidade. As diferenças mais marcantes entre as duas áreas foram o teor de argila dispersa em água, a macroporosidade, assim como o estoque de carbono no solo.
Teaching English as a Foreign language and the Use of Educational Games
Authors: Masadeh Thouqan Saleem
Published: June 2022

This paper is a literature review on the issues of using games to improve the performance of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students in the classroom. Its main aim is to determine the importance of using educational games as a teaching method in EFL classes. For this sake, a set of previous studies and a lot of related research are reviewed. Results show that there is an agreement on the benefits EFL learners can get as a result of using Educational games. Most of the studies have asserted the fact that the fun and enjoyment embedded in such games help these EFL learners overcome their shyness and meanwhile motivate them to use the language as a means of communication with others in different contexts. Furthermore, findings show that using games in EFL classrooms is beneficial for teachers because games can change the educational process from teacher-centered into learner centered and place transfer much of the responsibility to the learner.
An Inventory Model with Three Parameter Weibull Distribution for Deteriorating Items under Inflation
Authors: Udom Akaninyene Udo , Odoh Pascal Nnamdi
Published: June 2022

This study explores a predetermined inventory system for deteriorating items with a Weibull distribution, taking into consideration nonlinear demand and trade credit under inflation and allowing for shortages and partial backlogs. The reason for this study is to find the appropriate order and replenishment policy to actually reduce relevant costs. The model is built under two scenarios; case  1: \(\left(0 \leq M \leq t_{2}\right)\) . The consumer will be charged interest on the outstanding debt if he does not pay the provider by time M. and case 2:  \(\left(0 \leq t_{1} \leq M\right)\)  if the consumer gets to sell all of his commodity as well as earns interest on the revenue until the account is settled. To demonstrate the use and performance of the model, numerical approach and sensitivity analysis are actually given. As a result, this model will assist retailer in determining the optimal replenishment cycles in a variety of situations, as well as provide an innovative management insight that will aid the industry reduce relevant cost.
Evaluation of Rice Varieties for Growth and Yield Performance in Aerobic Cultivation
Authors: Karthikraja M. , Sudhakar P. , Ramesh S. , Kumar B. Sunil
Published: June 2022

A field experiment was carried out to identify the best suitable rice variety for aerobic cultivation in the Cauvery delta region. Ten ruling varieties were sown for two consecutive Kharif seasons, with regular nutrient and weed management practices under aerobic condition. Growth parameters viz.,plant height, leaf area index, root length and dry root weight were studied. Similarly yield parameters viz., panicles m-2, Dry matter production at flowering and grain yield were studied.  The study revealed that the rice variety ANNA 4, proved to be the best in terms of production (ie) 3.9 tonnesha-1 in the first season and 3.8 tonnesha-1 in the second season respectively. Pant height at different stages viz., maximum tillering, panicle initiation, flowering and harvest was highest in ANNA 4 followed by PMK 3.Similar was the case with root length,dry root weight, panicles m-2 and dry matter production at flowering stage. Leaf area index was highest for ADT 45 followed by IR50. The above results reveal that ANNA 4 is the most suitable rice variety for aerobic cultivation in the Cauvery delta region.
Effect of Micronutrients Application under Different Fertilizer Prescription Methods on Growth and Yield of BT Cotton
Authors: Yogesh G. S. , Prakash S. S. , Thimmegowda M. N.
Published: June 2022

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of the application of micronutrients under different fertilizer prescription methods on growth and yield of Bt cotton at KVK farm, Chamarajanagara district, Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka (Zone 6). The experiment was laid out in randomised complete block design with thirteen treatments and three replications during Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017.  The micronutrients were given as soil application and foliar spray under UAS (B) and SSNM dose of NPK fertilizers prescription.  The soil was slightly alkaline in reaction (pH: 7.95), low in zinc (0.32 mg kg-1) and boron (0.18 mg kg-1). The results indicated significantly higher plant height and more number of sympodial branches with UAS (B) Package, UAS (B) + Micronutrients, SSNM and SSNM + Micronutrients. However, significantly higher seed cotton yield (2329 kg ha-1) was recorded with NPK as per SSNM + MNM foliar application at 80 and 100 DAS followed by NPK as per UAS (B) package + MNM foliar application at 80 and100 DAS (2215 kg ha-1) and NPK as per SSNM + MNM soil application (2012 kg ha-1) treatments as compared to control. The supplementation of micronutrients with optimized major nutrient applications can bring about an overall augmentation in crop performance both in terms of growth and yield attributes, thereby resulting in a significant higher yield. Application of micronutrients through foliar spray has a significant and positive effect on the growth and yield in Bt cotton under black soils of Chamarajanagara district.
Simulation of Selective Radiation Anti-Reflection Coating for Improvement of Emissivity
Authors: Prakash Jai , Meena Kalpana
Published: June 2022

The optoelectronic and radiative properties of monolayer ARCs made from five distinct crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV materials (SiO2, Si3N4, Al2O3, TiO2, and HfO2) were simulated in this study. The absorption of c-Si in the range of 300 nm-1200 nm was first determined using the ideal thickness, and then the emissivity and radiant power when the thickness and emission angle were modified. They wanted to see which of the above five materials discharged the most light in the wavelength region of 8 to 13 m, which would improve the absorption of c-Si solar cells. In response to thickness variations from 20 nm to 1000 nm, Si3N4 emits the most in the atmospheric window, increasing from 10 Wm-2 to 161 Wm-2. The absorption ranges from 300 nm to 1200 nm, which is higher than other materials. Single-layer SR-ARCs can produce radiation with wavelengths ranging from 8 to 13 m, however multilayer SR-ARCs are unable to emit as much radiation in order to enhance efficiency and longevity. Temperature decrease was measured. The SR-ARCs were tested in two-layer, three-layer, and four-layer configurations. During the study, the bilayer SR-ARC with the ideal thickness of SiO2/Si3N4 had a temperature drop of around 0.9oC and various absorptions at 300nm-1200nm. The maximum temperature drop was about 0.7°C when the four materials were employed as ARCs at the optimum thickness, which was lower than the bilayer, but all other combinations had the highest absorption in this combination. Compared to all other studied combinations, the largest temperature drop for SiO2/Si3N4/TiO2 is 1.9°C. Lower thicknesses cannot produce a temperature reduction of 5°C or more, according to the research. Physical and optical characteristics were determined and used for SR-ARC investigations using commercially available c-Si solar cells in the study. Solar cells with a wavelength range of 300 nm to 4000 nm absorb about 832 Wm-2 from the sun's spectrum. The overall emission power is increased by a factor of 2.4 over four wavelengths when ARC with a secondary SiO2 layer (2.5 m) is applied to solar cells, but the emissivity is improved. The luminescence was not improved by adding Al2O3 between the bilayer ARCs, however the absorbance was enhanced by 9 Wm -2, which is a minor increase. Simulation findings were used to verify the final bilayer structure. The temperature of the PV module is decreased by 5.6°C when the double-layer SR-ARC is used, and the STC's overall efficiency is raised by 0.22%.
Hemşirelik Doktora Öğrencilerinde Akademik Erteleme Davranışı ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÖK Fadime , DEVECİ Zeynep , KILINÇ Eda , KARTAL Asiye
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to determine academic procrastination and its affecting factors in students in Ph.D. in nursing programs. Students experience difficulties and stress in the doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) in nursing programs. The study has a descriptive and cross-sectional design. Data collection was performed between April 2018 and January 2020 at Ph.D. in nursing programs (n= 91). The data collection tools utilized were general descriptive characteristics form and the Scale of Academic Procrastination (SAP). Data were collected online. The students had a low median score for academic procrastination (Xmedian=2.18; Range=2.74). It was determined that there was a significant difference between marital status and APBS score (p= 0.028). There was a significant difference on the SAP in terms of selecting a supervisor (p= 0.049), relationship with the supervisor (p= 0.003), time management (p= 0.009), feeling anxious (p= 0.000) and perfectionism (p= 0.034). As a result of the analysis, it was found that the Ph.D. in nursing students were married, did not choose their supervisors, had a weak relationship with their supervisors, had difficulty in time management, always felt anxious, and did not consider themselves academic self-efficacy and; were perfectionists.
Identifying Factors Associated With Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials
Authors: Cordisco Anthony J. , Olave Marianna , George Michael D. , Baker Joshua F.
Published: June 2022

Objective

Despite a wealth of studies evaluating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapies, it remains difficult to compare efficacies across trials due to heterogeneous study populations. We sought to identify patient/trial characteristics associated with clinical response to enable fairer comparisons.

Methods

We reviewed 565 disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug studies compiled for American College of Rheumatology (ACR) management guidelines. Seventy‐two articles on randomized controlled phase II/III trials from 1995 to 2018 reporting the proportion of patients achieving 20%, 50% or 70% improvement in the ACR's RA disease score (ACR20/50/70) or Disease Activity Score‐28 with erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C‐reactive protein (DAS28‐ESR or DAS28‐CRP) with follow‐up more than 3 months were included. We explored associations between 34 patient/trial characteristics and ACR responses. We constructed multivariable models using these factors to compute expected response rates and to compare observed with expected response rates across therapies.

Results

Among eligible clinical trials, later publication year, baseline DAS28‐CRP score, methotrexate/biologic naivety, baseline ESR, follow‐up of 52 weeks or more, number of subjects enrolled, and anticitrullinated peptide antibody seropositivity were associated with greater ACR response. Greater age, longer disease duration, higher baseline Sharp score, and steroid use were associated with lower response rates. Predictive models incorporating these factors explained 29%, 37%, and 53% of variance in ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70, respectively. Overall, comparing observed versus expected rates of response across trials more closely approximated results of head‐to‐head trials. For example, although observed responses numerically favored adalimumab to tofacitinib, comparison of observed versus expected results across trials more closely approximated the results from a head‐to‐head trial (“Oral Rheumatoid Arthritis triaL [ORAL] Strategy”).

Conclusion

We identified factors associated with ACR response in RA trials. Adjusting for expected outcomes yielded therapy comparisons somewhat more similar to head‐to‐head trials. These findings could inform other across‐trial comparisons, particularly when head‐to‐head trials are lacking.