bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARTICULARITY OF ARTWORKS BY VASYL KORCHOVYI VASYL
Authors: Lysenko Ludmyla , Shpanko Olha
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This article explores Vasyl Korchovyi’s artistic heritage, his unparalleled style, and notable manner of working. Vasyl Korchovyi is a Ukrainian sculptor, graduate from National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture, representative of the Academic school of sculpture creation. This sculptor has not been neglected today and is an often and widely recognizable guest and/or participant of/in numerous exhibitions, art competitions, and sculpture symposiums including the latest one, the Xth Kaniv International Sculptural Symposium (September–October, 2021). Despite that, his artworks have been discussed in a quite occasional and random way in artistic articles and other kind of publications. This is the reason of why this study focuses on the major subjects and gentres used by Korchovyi for his artworks, as well as on his manner and techniques for working with stone. The studу is one of the first-ever attempts to use the art criticism approach to evaluate three sculpture works by Korchovyi: with two of them being complete and one piece still unfinished: the work from the Kaniv sculptural symposium above. First, Altar of Dionysus, an indoor sculpture, carved of sandstone, is discussed. It depicts a bacchante, a woman who holds a bowl and a grapevine, with her hair ingrown in the branches and the two goat heads that flank the composition on both sides; the attributes associated with fer­tility, sweet delight and also with wild Dionysian origin, while calm or even being asleep at the moment. Second sculptural work is the tombstone of Vasyl Korchovyi’s father, Ivan Sobko. For this reason, its design is marked with Korchovyi’s personal feelings and sentiments. The composition of the sandstone-made sculptural part of the tombstone represents an angel with outstretched wings, inscribed in the area of a trefoil cross. The openwork pattern of weaves of winding shoots with remains of leaves in some places adds depth to the background framed with smoothly polished parts of the surface, where the figure of angel is located, and carefully surround the upper part of the medallion with a photo of the deceased one; the composition that brings the feeling of a deep anguish and imminence, the painful emotions to be eventually accepted.
For a real job? Views on the teaching of competence in working life by students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Mäkinen Marika
Published: December 2021

In this study, twelve young students on the autism spectrum were interviewed on preparation for working life, employment guidance, the challenges and strengths of the autism spectrum, and suitable teaching methods. Interviews were supported by a structured and illustrated questionnaire. The data were analysed using key statistics. The results showed that, from the students’ perspective, the most important issues in preparation for work are familiarisation with different jobs, guidance in searching for a suitable job, evaluation of the suitability of the working environment, integration of occupational safety into work skills, and acquiring conversational skills in the workplace. The selection of a suitable working environment is clearly emphasised before transitioning to work. Acquiring and keeping a job require investing in social situations and skills in studying. The structuring should be flexible and adaptable according to situations and personal needs. Educationally, social interaction, social skills, and communication should form a coherent whole. The main goal for everyday life ought to be communicative and based on a structure for acquiring different skills. The results can be utilised in a vocational education and training (VET) context, because they support the importance of preparatory education as part of these studies. In addition, the results can also be used in on-the-job learning plans for VET.
”Men nu fick man planera om och i den planeringen fick jag vara med!” Verksamhetsförlagt lärande i yrkeslärarutbildningen när undervisningen går över till distans
Authors: Johansson Martina Wyszynska , Dyne Ellinor , Gustavsson Susanne
Published: December 2021

The article explores the effects of the transition to distance education due to the Covid19 pandemic on vocational teacher students’ workplace-based learning in a vocational teacher programme. Two practices are explored, that is, the instruction practices by prospective teachers and supervision. The theory of practice architecture is used to explain how the two practices interplay with one another in the common project of learning to become a vocational teacher. A web survey is utilised to gain both the students’ and the supervisors’ experiences. The main findings are 1) re-definition of pupil participation and activity as a touching base for supervision, and 2) expanded notion of supervision grounded in a more equal and complementary relationship between the student and the teacher supervisor. A call for an updated in-service supervision training as part of the vocational teacher programme and to strengthen vocational teacher education as a whole is put forth.
Genetic variability and association study of yield attributing traits in F2 populations of American cotton
Authors: Hassan Ali , Ishaq Muhammad Zubair , Munir Sana , Abbas Munazza , Shehzad Ahmad Naeem , Athar Habib- ur- Rehman , Anjam Muhammad Shehzad , Qureshi Muhammad Kamran
Published: December 2021

Cotton is one of the most important fiber crops, grown all over the world. Genetic variability is a crucial factor from evolutionary point of view for crop species. It defines the adaptation of populations by allowing them to alter their genetic constitution in changing environment. Genetic variability in Gossypium hirsutum is declining due to selection pressure, hence causing low yield. Present study was conducted to evaluate ten parental genotypes with their F2 generations to uncover their genetic potential for yield by accessing genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and association between fiber, yield and yield linked traits. High values of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variance were observed for node of first fruiting branch, monopodia per plant, boll weight, fiber strength and yield per plant. All morphological and fiber quality traits represented broad sense heritability ranging from 51% to 90%. High value of genetic advance was shown by plant height and yield per plant. Positive association of yield per plant was recorded for traits such as plant height, node of first fruiting branch, monopodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, seeds per boll, and ginning out turn. Additionally, F2 progeny of CIM-534×MNH-814 had high yield per plant along with maximum number of bolls per plant and seed per boll. So, such F2 progeny can further be explored to improve yield and yield contributing traits.
Stretching the Habitat Envelope: Insectivorous Bat Guilds Can Use Rubber Plantations, but Need Understorey Vegetation and Forest Buffers
Authors: Deshpande Kadambari , Kelkar Nachiket , Krishnaswamy Jagdish , Sankaran Mahesh
Published: December 2021

Effects of land-cover change on insectivorous bat activity can be negative, neutral or positive, depending on foraging strategies of bats. In tropical agroforestry systems with high bat diversity, these effects can be complex to assess. We investigated foraging habitat use by three insectivorous bat guilds in forests and rubber plantations in the southern Western Ghats of India. Specifically, we monitored acoustic activity of bats in relation to (1) land-cover types and vegetation structure, and (2) plantation management practices. We hypothesized that activity of open-space aerial (OSA) and edge-space aerial (ESA) bat guilds would not differ; but narrow-space, flutter-detecting (NSFD) bat guild activity would be higher, in structurally heterogeneous forest habitats than monoculture rubber plantations. We found that bat activity of all guilds was highest in areas with high forest cover and lowest in rubber plantations. Higher bat activity was associated with understorey vegetation in forests and plantations, which was expected for NSFD bats, but was a surprise finding for OSA and ESA bats. Within land-cover types, open areas and edge-habitats had higher OSA and ESA activity respectively, while NSFD bats completely avoided open habitats. In terms of management practices, intensively managed rubber plantations with regular removal of understorey vegetation had the lowest bat activity for all guilds. Intensive management can undermine potential ecosystem services of insectivorous bats (e.g., insect pest-control in rubber plantations and surrounding agro-ecosystems), and magnify threats to bats from human disturbances. Low-intensity management and maintenance of forest buffers around plantations can enable persistence of insectivorous bats in tropical forest-plantation landscapes.
A Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Colchicine Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Grajek Stefan , Michalak Michał , Urbanowicz Tomasz , Olasińska-Wiśniewska Anna
Published: December 2021

Background: Evidence from recent studies has shown the benefits of colchicine for patients with coronary artery disease. The aim was to assess the effect of colchicine treatment on cardiovascular events, with an estimation of the risk of discontinuation and net clinical benefit.

Methods and Results: Fourteen trials with a total of 13,186 patients were selected through a systematic search. Colchicine therapy significantly reduced the relative risk of primary endpoint by about 30% [RR 0.70 (95%CI:0.56–0.88)]. Compared with placebo, colchicine significantly reduced the risk of ischemia-driven revascularization [RR 0.57 (95%CI 0.41–0.80)], ischemia-driven revascularization and resuscitation [RR 0.50 (95%CI 0.34–0.73)], myocardial infarction [RR 0.73 (95%CI 0.57–0.95)], and stroke [RR 0.49 (95%CI 0.30–0.7)]. Patients treated with colchicine in comparison with placebo have a significant increase in the risk of treatment cessation (RR 1.60 95%CI 1.06–2.42). However, in the analysis which excluded studies without placebo, the relative risk of discontinuation was smaller (RR 1.34 95%CI 0.97–1.84) and in the three largest studies, the risk of discontinuation was lower and insignificant [RR 1.26 (95%CI 0.87–1.83)]. The net clinical benefit was 17.8/1,000 patients (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: In coronary artery disease, low-dose colchicine significantly reduces the risk of the primary composite endpoint by about 30%. The drug should be considered as part of the preventive treatment in patients with good tolerance.
Drainage Development in the Dunhuang Basin, NE Tibet, Controlled by Multi-Segment Fault Growth
Authors: Chen Gan , Zheng Wenjun , Yang Jingjun , Duan Lei , Liang Shumin , Li Zhigang , Zhang Dongli , Xiong Jianguo
Published: December 2021

The Dongbatu Shan (DBTS, also known as the Nanjie Shan), which interrupts the northern Tibetan foreland in the Dunhuang basin, is an active anticline. It has accommodated the northwestern growth of the eastern Altyn Tagh fault system (ATF). Although several thrust faults have been identified around the DBTS, their evolution history and influence on regional landscape have received little attention during the late-Quaternary. In this study, several geomorphic methods are used to investigate the interaction between drainage development and tectonic movement around DBTS. Based on high-resolution satellite images, field investigation, and cosmogenic nuclide 10Be dating method, the fluvial landform sequences around DBTS were constructed. Using quantitative geomorphology methods including landscape relief profile, asymmetry factor (AF), and transverse topographic symmetry factor (T), we hypothesize that drainage deflection is controlled by multi-segment fault growth. Combining the results of the above-mentioned methods, we propose that Yulin He, flowing across the DBTS, had gone through several abandonments since the late mid-Pleistocene due to the lateral propagation of DBTS. Affected by the discharge of channel and multi-segment fault growth, our research confirms that the direction of river abandonment may have decoupled with the mountain range propagation trend. Based on the chronology dating, the DBTS has gone through two severe uplifts since ∼208 ka and the shortening rate across the central DBTS is constrained to be ∼1.47 mm/yr since ∼83 ka. Given the fact that thrust faults are widely developed around DBTS, we propose that the flower-like structure formed by the northward growth of the eastern ATF could better explain the development of the secondary subparallel faults.
River Reorganization Affects Populations of Dwarf Cichlid Species (Apistogramma Genus) in the Lower Negro River, Brazil
Authors: Leitão Carolina Sousa de Sá , Souza Érica M. S. , Santos Carlos H. A. , Val Pedro , Val Adalberto L. , Almeida-Val Vera M. F.
Published: December 2021

Alterations, such as drainage network reorganization, in the landscape in the Amazon basin influence the distribution range and connectivity of aquatic biota and, therefore, their evolution. River capture is a geomorphic mechanism of network reorganization by which a basin captures large portions of the network of a neighboring basin, thus creating a barrier against species dispersal. In this study, the influence of river capture on the genetic differentiation and structuring of two dwarf cichlids species (Apistogramma pertensis and Apistogramma gephyra) is investigated in two tributaries of the lower Negro River. The analysis of 11 loci microsatellite and three mitochondrial DNA genes (Cytochrome b, Citochrome c Oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA) confirmed the populational isolation of two dwarf cichlids species, suggesting that they represent evolutionary significant units (ESU) that have been isolated—probably due to the river capture event. The paleovalley that resulted from the river capture is therefore an important physical barrier that separates the populations of the Cuieiras and Tarumã-Mirim Rivers. The findings herein provide evidence of a mechanistic link between the isolation and differentiation of fish populations and the drainage evolution of the Amazon basin, and indicate that the dynamic geological history of the region has promoted species diversification. The process described here partially explains the high diversity in the genus Apistogramma and the information obtained is beneficial to conservation programs.
NFAT5 Controls the Integrity of Epidermis
Authors: Muhammad Khalid , Xavier Delicia , Klein-Hessling Stefan , Azeem Muhammad , Rauschenberger Tabea , Murti Krisna , Avots Andris , Goebeler Matthias , Klein Matthias , Bopp Tobias , Sielaff Malte , Tenzer Stefan , Möckel Sigrid , Aramburu José , López-Rodríguez Cristina , Kerstan Andreas , Serfling Edgar
Published: December 2021

The skin protects the human body against dehydration and harmful challenges. Keratinocytes (KCs) are the most abundant epidermal cells, and it is anticipated that KC-mediated transport of Na+ ions creates a physiological barrier of high osmolality against the external environment. Here, we studied the role of NFAT5, a transcription factor whose activity is controlled by osmotic stress in KCs. Cultured KCs from adult mice were found to secrete more than 300 proteins, and upon NFAT5 ablation, the secretion of several matrix proteinases, including metalloproteinase-3 (Mmp3) and kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (Klk7), was markedly enhanced. An increase in Mmp3 and Klk7 RNA levels was also detected in transcriptomes of Nfat5-/- KCs, along with increases of numerous members of the ‘Epidermal Differentiation Complex’ (EDC), such as small proline-rich (Sprr) and S100 proteins. NFAT5 and Mmp3 as well as NFAT5 and Klk7 are co-expressed in the basal KCs of fetal and adult epidermis but not in basal KCs of newborn (NB) mice. The poor NFAT5 expression in NB KCs is correlated with a strong increase in Mmp3 and Klk7 expression in KCs of NB mice. These data suggests that, along with the fragile epidermis of adult Nfat5-/- mice, NFAT5 keeps in check the expression of matrix proteases in epidermis. The NFAT5-mediated control of matrix proteases in epidermis contributes to the manifold changes in skin development in embryos before and during birth, and to the integrity of epidermis in adults.
Extension of Indication for Authorised Oncology Products in the European Union: A Joint Effort of Multiple Stakeholders
Authors: Mulder Jorn , Verjans Robin , Verbaanderd Ciska , Pean Elias , Weemers Just , Leufkens Hubert G. M. , Pignatti Francesco , de Boer Anthonius , Voest Emile E. , Stoyanova-Beninska Violeta V. , Pasmooij Anna M. G.
Published: December 2021

After marketing authorisation, the development of a medicinal product often continues with studies investigating new therapeutic indications. Positive results can potentially lead to changes to the terms of the marketing authorisation, such as an extension of therapeutic indication(s). These studies can be initiated and sponsored by the marketing authorisation holder (MAH) or by others. When results from an investigator-initiated trial suggest that an authorised medicinal product is safe and effective for a new therapeutic indication, physicians may want to treat their patients with this medicinal product. In such a situation, it is desirable to extend the therapeutic indication(s) via the regulatory approval process, as this can facilitate patient access within the European Union. There may however be challenges when the MAH did not conduct the study and might not have access to the data. In this perspective, we focus on the possibilities to extend the therapeutic indication(s) of an already authorised medicinal product based on results from investigator-initiated trials. We address: (1) the advantages of an extension of indication; (2) the regulatory requirements for a variation application; (3) investigator-initiated trials as a basis for regulatory approval; (4) the role of the MAH in extending the indication. With this article, we want to emphasize the importance of a collaborative approach and dialogue between stakeholders with the aim to facilitate access to effective medicinal products.
Remotely Monitored Home-Based Neuromodulation With Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) for Mal de Débarquement Syndrome
Authors: Cha Yoon-Hee , Riley Jeff , Gleghorn Diamond , Doudican Benjamin
Published: December 2021

Objective: To determine whether remotely-monitored transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) may be a viable and safe treatment option for Mal de Débarquement Syndrome (MdDS).

Background: Mal de Débarquement Syndrome is a neurotological disorder characterized by persistent oscillating vertigo that is triggered by entrainment to passive oscillatory motion such as occurs during water-based travel. Treatment options for MdDS are limited, variably effective, and can be undone by further travel.

Design and Methods: This was a remotely-monitored open-label optional extension phase of a double-blind randomized onsite study of tACS for medically refractory MdDS. The primary goal was to determine safety, feasibility, and blinded participant feedback. The secondary goal was to determine efficacy. Thirteen participants (all women), aged 22–67 years, experiencing a duration of illness of 11–72 months, were a subset of 24 individuals who participated in an on-site study of tACS. They had either not responded to the on-site protocol or had relapsed after travel home. Treatment accessories and a tablet controlled tACS stimulator (Pulvinar XCSITE-100) were mailed to participants. Three teaching sessions were performed via webcam followed by on-going remote monitoring of treatment logs and participants' reports through a daily on-line diary and weekly questionnaires. Treatment continued until an effective protocol was administered for 4 weeks and then tapered over 4 weeks. Participants completed a blinded feedback survey and a debriefing interview at the completion of the entire study.

Results: Treatment duration ranged from 4 to 31 weeks followed by a 4-week taper accounting for 578 verified sessions. Of the 13 total participants, seven agreed or agreed strongly in the blinded survey that tACS treatment was beneficial; 2) Twelve were comfortable utilizing tACS on their own; 3) Eleven preferred stimulation above their individual alpha frequency; 4) Side effects were generally mild and typical of tACS. In the debriefing interview completed 2–9 months after the last stimulation, five participants reported doing “great,” with no to minimal symptoms, four reported doing “good,” with moderate symptoms, and four reported no change compared to pre-study baseline.

Conclusion: Remotely-monitored tACS may be a safe treatment option for MdDS with the potential for lasting outcomes, increased accessibility, and reduction in travel-related treatment reversal.
Association Between Z Drugs Use and Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Middle-Aged and Older Patients With Chronic Insomnia
Authors: Guo Fang , Yi Li , Zhang Wei , Bian Zhi-Jie , Zhang Yong-Bo
Published: December 2021

Background: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Non-BZDs (NBZDs) have been widely used for patients with chronic insomnia. Long-term uses of BZDs may cause cognitive impairment and increase the risk for dementia in older patients. NBZD as an agonist of the GABAA receptor complex includes eszopiclone, zopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon, also collectively known as Z drugs. However, evaluations for an association between cognitive impairment and Z drug use have been limitedly performed. This study aimed to investigate the association between the risk of cognitive decline and exposure to Z drugs in middle-aged and older patients with chronic insomnia.

Methods: Investigations were performed on patients with chronic insomnia who visited the outpatient Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, and were assessed for the global cognitive function (MoCA) and memory (AVLT), executive function (TMT-B), visuospatial ability (CDT), verbal function (BNT-30), and attention (DST). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent factors of cognition and evaluated the effect of Z drug use (zolpidem and zopiclone) on cognition.

Results: A total of 120 subjects were identified. In our analysis, BZD exposure density (P = 0.025, OR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.25–1.86) was an independent risk factor of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older patients with chronic insomnia. Neither Z drug use (P = 0.103) nor Z drug exposure density (P = 0.765) correlated with global cognitive function. Moreover, there was a positive association between Z drug use and attention [(P = 0.002, OR = 0.42, 95% CI, 0.24–0.73)]. Additionally, income level (P = 0.001, OR = 0.23, 95% CI, 0.10–0.53), severity of insomnia (P = 0.019, OR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.03–1.40) and age (P = 0.044, OR = 1.07, 95% CI, 1.00–1.14) were also independent factors of global cognitive function.

Conclusion: BZD exposure density was an independent risk factor of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older patients with chronic insomnia, but no correlation was found between Z drug use and cognitive impairment. Moreover, the use of Z drugs seemed to be associated with protection for attention. The use for prescription of BZDs, in this case, should be avoided or limited to low doses. Due to the addiction and tolerance, Z drugs should also be prescribed with great caution in middle-aged and elderly patients.
Mitochondrial Function and Parkinson’s Disease: From the Perspective of the Electron Transport Chain
Authors: Li Jeng-Lin , Lin Tai-Yi , Chen Po-Lin , Guo Ting-Ni , Huang Shu-Yi , Chen Chun-Hong , Lin Chin-Hsien , Chan Chih-Chiang
Published: December 2021

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is known as a mitochondrial disease. Some even regarded it specifically as a disorder of the complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC). The ETC is fundamental for mitochondrial energy production which is essential for neuronal health. In the past two decades, more than 20 PD-associated genes have been identified. Some are directly involved in mitochondrial functions, such as PRKN, PINK1, and DJ-1. While other PD-associate genes, such as LRRK2, SNCA, and GBA1, regulate lysosomal functions, lipid metabolism, or protein aggregation, some have been shown to indirectly affect the electron transport chain. The recent identification of CHCHD2 and UQCRC1 that are critical for functions of complex IV and complex III, respectively, provide direct evidence that PD is more than just a complex I disorder. Like UQCRC1 in preventing cytochrome c from release, functions of ETC proteins beyond oxidative phosphorylation might also contribute to the pathogenesis of PD.
The Influence of Feedback Content and Feedback Time on Multimedia Learning Achievement of College Students and Its Mechanism
Authors: Taxipulati Sayipujiamali , Lu Hai-Dong
Published: December 2021

This study investigated the content of feedback (adaptive, elaborated, and knowledge of correct response, KCR) and time (Immediate and Delayed) influences on multimedia learning of college students. Students from the Northeast Normal University (N = 157) were randomly assigned to one of the six experimental conditions. We tried to explain the influence mechanisms of different feedback effects through subjectively reported motivation, cognitive load, and eye movement trajectory during the feedback period. The results showed that (1) different feedback methods in terms of feedback time and feedback content have significantly different effects on scores. Among them, scores of the immediate feedback group were significantly higher than those of the delayed feedback group, and the scores of the adaptive feedback (AF) group were significantly higher than those of the elaborated feedback (EF) group and the knowledge of the correct response feedback group. (2) Different types of feedback contents have significantly different effects on motivation. The motivation scores reported by the AF group and EF group were significantly higher than those reported by the knowledge of the correct response feedback group. (3) Different feedback methods in terms of feedback time and feedback content had significantly different effects on subjective germane cognitive load reports. Among them, the germane cognitive load score of the immediate feedback group was significantly higher than that of the delayed feedback group. The germane cognitive load scores reported by the AF group were significantly higher than those reported by the EF group and knowledge of the correct response feedback group. (4) The germane cognitive load plays a partial mediating role between the AF and post-test scores. (5) Different feedback methods in feedback time have different effects on eye movement fixation trajectory, which shows that the subjects in the immediate feedback group were significantly less than those in the delayed feedback group in fixation count and fixation time in the interest area of the stem. (6) Consistent with our hypothesis, different feedback methods in feedback content have different effects on eye movement trajectory. In summary, the results show that the AF initiated in this study has a positive effect on multimedia learning of college students; it not only provides empirical evidence for cognitive load theory but also helps educators design adaptive learning feedback according to responses of students.
Errare Humanum Est (To Err Is Human): A Mentalizing Breakdown in the Therapeutic Work With an Adolescent
Authors: Wiwe Maria
Published: December 2021

The therapeutic stance in therapies conceptualized by the two-person psychology (Wachtel, 2010) binds the therapist to genuine self-scrutiny. The concepts of transference and countertransference are viewed as jointly constructed endeavors between therapist and client, wherein the therapist needs to be aware of her contribution to difficulties arising in the therapeutic dyad. Different conceptualizations of this therapeutic technique have been eloquently described elsewhere throughout the years in terms of intersubjectivity (Stern, 2005; Aron, 2006), mentalizing (Fonagy and Bateman, 2006), mindfulness-in-action (Safran et al., 2001), rupture and repair (Newhill et al., 2003), and epistemic trust (Fonagy and Allison, 2014). These concepts will be presented interchangeably with a clinical vignette delineating a rupture in the therapeutic work with an adolescent. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of identifying non-mentalizing modes (Allen et al., 2008) within the therapist to get back on track and restore epistemic trust (Fonagy et al., 2014) in the therapeutic relationship.
Risk Factor for Retreatment Episode on Admission Among TB Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Hai-Rong , Han Chao , Wang Jun-Li , Zhang Yan-An , Wang Mao-Shui
Published: December 2021

Background: The clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and schizophrenia remain largely unknown. Furthermore, TB retreatment is associated with a poor outcome. Hence, we aimed to address the risk factors of TB retreatment in schizophrenia patients in this retrospective cohort.

Methods: Between March 2005 and August 2020, patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and TB were included in the study. Patient characteristics, such as demographics, medical history, underlying diseases, symptoms, outcome, and lab examinations, were collected from medical records using a structured questionnaire. TB retreatment was defined as treatment failures and relapses. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression was performed using variables selected based on prior findings as well as factors found to be associated with a retreatment episode in univariate analyses (p < 0.1).

Results: A total of 113 TB patients with schizophrenia were included. Of them, 94 (83.2%) patients were classified as initial treatment group, and 19 (16.8%) were classified as retreatment group. The mean age was 53.0 ± 23.2 years, and males accounted for 61.9% of all cases. Multivariate analysis revealed that continuous antipsychotics treatment (OR = 0.226, 95% CI: 0.074, 0.693; p = 0.009) and extra-pulmonary TB (OR = 0.249, 95% CI: 0.080, 0.783; p = 0.017) were associated with the retreatment in TB patients with schizophrenia.

Conclusion: Retreatment is a significant concern for TB patients with schizophrenia. To improve the current dilemma, continuous antipsychotics treatment is required, and increasing awareness of schizophrenia would reduce the disease burden.
Influence of Biopsy Gleason Score on the Risk of Lymph Node Invasion in Patients With Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Preisser Felix , Hoeh Benedikt , Welte Maria N. , Humke Clara , Wittler Clarissa , Würnschimmel Christoph , Becker Andreas , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Chun Felix K. H. , Mandel Philipp , Kluth Luis A.
Published: December 2021

Objective: To analyze the influence of biopsy Gleason score on the risk for lymph node invasion (LNI) during pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 684 patients, who underwent RP between 2014 and June 2020 due to PCa. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression, as well as binary regression tree models were used to assess the risk of positive LNI and evaluate the need of PLND in men with intermediate-risk PCa.

Results: Of the 672 eligible patients with RP, 80 (11.9%) men harbored low-risk, 32 (4.8%) intermediate-risk with international society of urologic pathologists grade (ISUP) 1 (IR-ISUP1), 215 (32.0%) intermediate-risk with ISUP 2 (IR-ISUP2), 99 (14.7%) intermediate-risk with ISUP 3 (IR-ISUP3), and 246 (36.6%) high-risk PCa. Proportions of LNI were 0, 3.1, 3.7, 5.1, and 24.0% for low-risk, IR-ISUP1, IR-ISUP 2, IR-ISUP-3, and high-risk PCa, respectively (p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, after adjustment for patient and surgical characteristics, IR-ISUP1 [hazard ratio (HR) 0.10, p = 0.03], IR-ISUP2 (HR 0.09, p < 0.001), and IR-ISUP3 (HR 0.18, p < 0.001) were independent predictors for lower risk of LNI, compared with men with high-risk PCa disease.

Conclusions: The international society of urologic pathologists grade significantly influence the risk of LNI in patients with intermediate- risk PCa. The risk of LNI only exceeds 5% in men with IR-ISUP3 PCa. In consequence, the need for PLND in selected patients with IR-ISUP 1 or IR-ISUP2 PCa should be critically discussed.
Szájüregi szűrés 2018
Authors: Döbrőssy Lajos , Budai András
Published: December 2021

Magyarországon a szájüregi rákok előfordulása és haláloki szerepe az elmúlt évtizedekben nemzetközi figyelmet felkeltően magas volt, az európai országok sorrendjében az első helyre került. Keletkezésében kockázati tényezőkkénta dohányzás és alkohol szerepel; hatásuk nem összeadódik, hanem összeszorzódik. Emellett számos fogászati tényező is közrejátszik. Rákmegelőző állapotai és léziói klinikailag jó ismertek. Korai felismerésükre és kezelésükre törekedni kell. A szűrővizsgálat módszere egyszerű: megtekintés és tapintás. Az orvos–beteg találkozások alkalmat adnak a szűrésre. A dolgozat arra a mindmáig vitatott kérdésre keres választ: kinek a feladata a szűrővizsgálat?
Csavar implantátum behelyezése az állcsontba az 1930-as években a debreceni Sebészeti Klinikán
Authors: Kelentey Barna , Lukács Levente , Redl Pál , Hegedűs Csaba
Published: December 2021

Az elmúlt 30-40 évben a fogászati implantátumok alkalmazása jelentősen megváltoztatta a fogpótlások készítésének lehetőségét.Az első bizonyíték az implantátumokra a maja kultúrából ered (i. sz. 600 körül), Európában az 1500–1800-asévekben többféle módon és különféle anyagok beültetésével próbálkoztak.Magyarországon elsőként 1934-ben Debrecenben helyeztek be csavar implantátumokat alsó állcsontba, melyekreszinte azonnal hídpótlást készítettek. A műtéteket Hüttl Tivadar sebészprofesszor és Karácsonyi Ágoston fogorvos végezték.Számos esetben alkalmazták az eljárást, melyet szabadalmaztatni is kívántak, de egy budapesti vizsgázott fogászfelszólalása miatt 1935. tavaszán a beadványukat visszavonták.Pontosan nem ismerjük a behelyezett implantátumok számát, a sikerességi rátát, azonban tartósságukat jól mutatja,hogy még 1959-ben is találkoztak olyan beteggel, aki még akkor is használta az így elkészült rögzített fogpótlását. Azesetről fényképekkel és röntgenfelvételekkel kiegészített tudományos közlemény született.Cikkünk röviden áttekinti az eljárás menetét, eszközeit és a szabadalmaztatással kapcsolatos ellentmondásokat.
Orális candidiasis, klinikai jellegzetességei, diagnosztikája és kezelése
Authors: Gera István , Kövesi György
Published: December 2021

Candidiasis oris a leggyakoribb opportunista infekció, amelyet egy gomba, a Candia albicans okoz. Mivel a Candida albicans tagja a normális orális flórának, és gyakorisága különböző népcsoportokban 40% körül mozog, a patogenezise még mindig nem teljesen tisztázott.Jelen közlemény célja, hogy összefoglalja e gyakori opportunista infekció potenciális lokális és szisztémás rizikófaktorait, valamint áttekintse a különböző orális klinikai manifesztációit. Számos lokális és szisztémás hajlamosító tényező ismert. Az orális candidiasis előfordulhat akár mint primer, akár secunder infekció. A gomba képes megtapadni a hámon és penetrálni a nyálkahártyát. A lokális prediszponáló faktorok elősegítik a gomba megtapadását és növekedését, míg a szisztémás tényezők negatívan hatnak a természetes vagy szerzett immunitásra, amely felelős a gomba terjedésének kontrolljában. Több klinikai manifesztációja ismert. Előfordulhat akut és krónikus formában. A legsúlyosabb formája a pseudomembranous candidiasis. Ez valódi primer infekció, amely többnyire csak súlyos immunhiányos egyénekben alakulhat ki. A krónikus forma is leggyakrabban AIDS-es betegekben fordul elő. Ilyenkor gyakran találkozhatunk terápia-rezisztens, nagyon hosszú ideje fennálló állhártyás Candida fertőzéssel. A betegség egyéb klinikai formái közé tartozik az erythemas candidiasis, a krónikus nodularis vagy plakkos candidiasis. A leggyakoribb klinikai forma a stomatitis protetika (denture stomatitis). További Candida asszociált szájnyálkahártya betegség a cheilitis angularis és a glossitis mediana rhombica. A klinikai diagnózis a jellegzetes objektív és szubjektív klinikai tünetek alapján legtöbbször egyszerű. A Candida-infekció laboratóriumi identifikálása azonban nem egyszerű, elsősorban azért, mert a Candida tagja a normál szájflórának és így sok egészséges egyénben is kimutatható. A leggyakoribb laboratóriumi diagnosztika technikák közé tartozik a kaparékból nyert citológiai vizsgálat és a gomba tenyésztése. A betegség kezelése komplex és sokszor komoly kihívást jelent az orvos számára. Fontos, hogy feltárjuk és amennyiben lehetséges, elimináljuk a hajlamosító tényezőket. A leggyakrabban használt gombaellenes szerek a polyen és azol csoportba tartoznak. Mivel a legtöbb orális Candida-infekció csak a felszínes nyálkahártya rétegeket érinti, elsőnek lehetőleg helyi gombaellenes kezelést alkalmazzunk. Ez annál is inkább indokolt, mert nagyon sok gombaellenes készítménynek komoly mellékhatásai lehetnek.
Gorham-Stout betegség a felső állcsonton: esetleírás és irodalmi áttekintés
Authors: Moro ALESSANDRO , Garagiola UMBERTO , Saponaro GIANMARCO , Gasparini GIULIO , Boniello ROBERTO , Falchi MARCO , Barbini GIOVANNI , Cristallini ENRICO , D'Amato GIUSEPPE , Galambos BENCE , Pelo SANDRO
Published: December 2021

A Gorham betegség, vagy „vanishing bone disease” ismeretlen etiológiájú, ritka kórkép, melyet csontfelszívódás jellemez.Előfordulhat a csontváz bármely részén, azonban leggyakrabban a medencecsont, a humerus, a törzs csontozataés a mandibula érintett. A csontreszorpció mechanizmusa tisztázatlan, de az oszteolítikus területeken a nyirokerek lokalizáltendothel proliferációja mutatható ki. A diagnózis felállítása egyéb fertőzés, gyulladásos folyamat, neoplázia ésendokrinológiai okok kizárását követően a klinikai, radiológiai és szövettani kép alapján történik. A Gorham betegség kezelésekorszóba jöhetnek gyógyszerek; osteoclast ellenes szerek (biszfoszfonátok) és alfa-2b interferon. Sugárkezelés,amely a csontszöveten belüli érburjánzás szklerózisát idézi elő. Sebészi terápia, mely az érintett terület rezekciójábólés annak csonttal és/vagy protézissel való rekonstrukciójából áll. Cikkünk egy Gorham betegségben szenvedő 67 évesnőbeteg esetét mutatja be, akinek a maxillája jobb oldala, a processus alveolarisa, a zygomája, és az orbitaalapja voltérintett. A betegség kezdetén a jobb oldali felső nagyörlők meglazulásában nyilvánult meg, ezzel parodontitis klinikaiképét utánozva, melyet a már meglévő, tisztázatlan eredetű kettős látás súlyosbodása követett. A beteg zoledronsav,D-vitamin, és kalcium-karbonát kezelésben részesült 12 hónapon át, mely a betegség progressziójának fékentartásábanhatásosnak bizonyult.
Special Issue “2021 Selected Papers from Algorithms’ Editorial Board Members”
Authors: Werner Frank
Published: December 2021

This is the second edition of a special issue of Algorithms that is of a rather different nature compared to other Special Issues in the journal, which are usually dedicated to a particular subject in the area of algorithms [...]
Practical Considerations of Dissolved Oxygen Levels for Platelet Function under Hypoxia
Authors: Kusanto Branden , Gordon Andrew , Naylor-Adamson Leigh , Atkinson Lloyd , Coupland Charlie , Booth Zoe , Ahmed Yusra , Pires Isabel M. , Stasiuk Graeme J. , Sturmey Roger , Calaminus Simon D. J. , Arman Mònica
Published: December 2021

Investigating human platelet function in low-oxygen environments is important in multiple settings, including hypobaric hypoxia (e.g., high altitude), sea level hypoxia-related disease, and thrombus stability. These studies often involve drawing blood from which platelets are isolated and analysed at atmospheric conditions or re-exposed to low oxygen levels in hypoxia chambers before testing. However, it remains unknown how the in vitro handling of the samples itself changes their dissolved oxygen concentration, which might affect platelet function and experimental results. Here, we prepared healthy donor platelet-rich plasma and washed platelet (WP) suspensions and exposed them to 2% oxygen. We found that the use of hypoxia pre-equilibrated tubes, higher platelet concentrations (>2 × 108/mL versus 2 × 107/mL), smaller volumes (600 µL versus 3 mL), and presence of plasma reduced the time for samples to reach 2% oxygen. Notably, oxygen levels decreased below 2% in most suspensions, but also in WP maintained at atmospheric 21% oxygen. Additionally, platelet spreading on fibrinogen was decreased when using hypoxic fibrinogen-coated culture plates regardless of the oxygen percentage (2% or 21%) in which platelet incubation took place. Thus, sample handling and experimental conditions should be carefully monitored in platelet-hypoxia studies as they might compromise results interpretation and comparison across studies.
Predictive Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Silica Fume-Based Green Concrete Using Artificial Intelligence Approaches: MLPNN, ANFIS, and GEP
Authors: Nafees Afnan , Javed Muhammad , Khan Sherbaz , Nazir Kashif , Farooq Furqan , Aslam Fahid , Musarat Muhammad , Vatin Nikolai
Published: December 2021

Silica fume (SF) is a mineral additive that is widely used in the construction industry when producing sustainable concrete. The integration of SF in concrete as a partial replacement for cement has several evident benefits, including reduced CO2 emissions, cost-effective concrete, increased durability, and mechanical qualities. As environmental issues continue to grow, the development of predictive machine learning models is critical. Thus, this study aims to create modelling tools for estimating the compressive and cracking tensile strengths of silica fume concrete. Multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNN), adaptive neural fuzzy detection systems (ANFIS), and genetic programming are all used (GEP). From accessible literature data, a broad and accurate database of 283 compressive strengths and 149 split tensile strengths was created. The six most significant input parameters were cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, superplasticizer, and silica fume. Different statistical measures were used to evaluate models, including mean absolute error, root mean square error, root mean squared log error and the coefficient of determination. Both machine learning models, MLPNN and ANFIS, produced acceptable results with high prediction accuracy. Statistical analysis revealed that the ANFIS model outperformed the MLPNN model in terms of compressive and tensile strength prediction. The GEP models outperformed all other models. The predicted values for compressive strength and splitting tensile strength for GEP models were consistent with experimental values, with an R2 value of 0.97 for compressive strength and 0.93 for splitting tensile strength. Furthermore, sensitivity tests revealed that cement and water are the determining parameters in the growth of compressive strength but have the least effect on splitting tensile strength. Cross-validation was used to avoid overfitting and to confirm the output of the generalized modelling technique. GEP develops an empirical expression for each outcome to forecast future databases’ features to promote the usage of green concrete.
ZnO Semiconductor Nanoparticles and Their Application in Photocatalytic Degradation of Various Organic Dyes
Authors: Luque-Morales Priscy Alfredo , Lopez-Peraza Alejandra , Nava-Olivas Osvaldo Jesus , Amaya-Parra Guillermo , Baez-Lopez Yolanda Angelica , Orozco-Carmona Victor Manuel , Garrafa-Galvez Horacio Edgardo , Chinchillas-Chinchillas Manuel de Jesus
Published: December 2021

The biosynthesis of oxide semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) using materials found in nature opens a wide field of study focused on sustainability and environmental protection. Biosynthesized NPs have the capacity to eliminate organic dyes, which pollute water and cause severe damage to the environment. In the present work, the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs was carried out using Capsicum annuum var. Anaheim extract. The photocatalytic elimination of methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), and Rhodamine B (RhB) in UV radiation was evaluated. The materials were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and SEM-coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), attenuated total reflectance-infrared (ATR-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence (PL), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The TEM analysis showed the NPs have an average size of 40 nm and quasi-spherical shape. ATR-IR showed the ZnO NPs contained functional groups from the extract. The analysis through XRD indicated that the NPs have a hexagonal zincite crystal structure with an average crystallite size of approximately 17 nm. The photoluminescence spectrum (PL) presented an emission band at 402 nm. From the UV-Vis spectra and TAUC model, the band-gap value was found to be 2.93 eV. Finally, the photocatalytic assessment proved the ZnO NPs achieved 100% elimination of MB at 60 min exposure, and 85 and 92% degradation of MO and RhB, respectively, at 180 min. This indicates that ZnO NPs, in addition to using a friendly method for their synthesis, manage to have excellent photocatalytic activity in the degradation of various organic pollutants.
Plasmonic Spherical Nanoparticles Coupled with Titania Nanotube Arrays Prepared by Anodization as Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications: A Review
Authors: Jimenez-Cisneros Jorge , Galindo-Lazo Juan Pablo , Mendez-Rojas Miguel Angel , Campos-Delgado Jessica Rosaura , Cerro-Lopez Monica
Published: December 2021

As surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) continues developing to be a powerful analytical tool for several probes, four important aspects to make it more accessible have to be addressed: low-cost, reproducibility, high sensibility, and recyclability. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TiO2 NTs) prepared by anodization have attracted interest in this field because they can be used as safe solid supports to deposit metal nanoparticles to build SERS substrate nanoplatforms that meet these four desired aspects. TiO2 NTs can be easily prepared and, by varying different synthesis parameters, their dimensions and specific features of their morphology can be tuned allowing them to support metal nanoparticles of different sizes that can achieve a regular dispersion on their surface promoting high enhancement factors (EF) and reproducibility. Besides, the TiO2 photocatalytic properties enable the substrate’s self-cleaning property for recyclability. In this review, we discuss the different methodological strategies that have been tested to achieve a high performance of the SERS substrates based on TiO2 NTs as solid support for the three main noble metal nanoparticles mainly studied for this purpose: Ag, Au, and Pt.