bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Male Infertility: Surgical Treatment (Varicocele, Microsurgical Reconstruction, TUR Ejaculatory Ducts)
Authors: Dudley Vanessa L. , Goldstein Marc
Published: January 2021

Male factor infertility contributes to at least half of all cases of infertility in couples. The most common causes of male factor infertility are impaired sperm production due to varicoceles, obstruction of the ductal system, and genetic defects causing nonobstructive azoospermia. A majority of these underlying conditions are treatable. Even when in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) is necessary, treatment of men has been shown to improve the outcomes of IVF-ICSI and potentially increase the chances of finding sperm with microdissection sperm extraction in some cases of nonobstructive azoospermia. Important advances in the field include abundant evidence now supporting microsurgical repair of varicocele in varicocele-associated nonobstructive azoospermia prior to IVF-ICSI or attempted surgical sperm retrieval. Advances in techniques for reconstruction of obstruction is dependent on the surgeon’s skill in creating a tension-free and leak-proof mucosa-to-mucosa accurate approximation with a good blood supply and healthy mucosa and muscularis and can result in higher patency rates. Treating the men often allows upgrading men from being solely candidates for donor sperm or adoption to candidates for ICF-ICSI with surgically retrieved testicular sperm to allowing IVF-ICSI with ejaculated sperm and from IVF-ICSI with ejaculated sperm to allowing the simpler intrauterine insemination and, finally, the possibility of a naturally conceived pregnancy.
This review contains 27 figures, 1 table, and 69 references.
Key Words: microsurgery, obstructive azoospermia, transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct, varicocele, vasectomy reversal, vasoepididymostomy, vasography, vasovasostomy
Thermal response of Bessel beam-heated microdroplets carrying nanoparticles for deposition
Authors: Castillo-Orozco Eduardo , Kumar Ranganathan , Kar Aravinda
Published: January 2021

Laser-microdroplet interactions influence the quality of nanoparticle deposition on a substrate. When a microdroplet and its impinging spot are heated, the microdroplet can evaporate gently, boil immediately after impingement, or bounces back inhibiting the deposition process. The interaction between a laser and droplets carrying semiconductor and metal nanoparticles is studied for different laser powers. The results indicate that the laser is refocused by the droplets, and deposition of nanoparticles and formation of nanofeatures are achieved under certain conditions. On the other hand, when the laser power exceeds a critical value, heating up the substrate at a specific temperature, microdroplets bounce back from the substrate, except for the cases of liquids with low reflectance coefficient and high absorption coefficient, where a new laser-spraying regime is observed.
Environmental Effects and Management Strategies of the Herbicides
Authors:   Dept. of Biotechnology, Sripat Singh College, Jiaganj, Murshidabad, West Bengal (742 123), India, Basu Sayantani , Rao Y. Vasudeva ,   Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agriculture (PSB), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, W.B. (731 236), India
Published: January 2021

India has wide range of agro-climates and soil types and highly diverse agriculture farming systems with different types of weed problems. So, herbicides are the integrated part of the general cropping systems. In general, herbicides are formulated in such a way that they degrade from the environment after completion of their intended work, but a few of them persist in the environment and cause a serious hazard to the succeeding crop and also to the surrounding environments. Hence, a proper knowledge of herbicides is important to understand the management procedure, organization and hierarchy of the herbicides. It also provides an imminent idea to herbicide resistance, which continues to be a problem in sustainable agricultural management. In this review, the herbicides used in India, negative impact of herbicides on the environment, persistency of herbicides, their dissipation methods and different management practices to avoid/minimize herbicide carry-over effects were discussed. The combine effects of bioaugmentation and biostimulation along with organic matter addition might be a promising technology to accelerate the biodegradation. Apart from these, extensive field evaluation studies with other tools like crop rotation and increment of the organic matter content is definitely a promising technique for managing the herbicide persistence. Bioherbicides, a biological control agent for weeds, and transgenic approaches can be a good alternative for chemical herbicides in future. They provide high degree of specificity of target weed and have no effect on non-target, beneficial plants or man and do not form any residues in the environment.
Management of Stress in Culture Fish
Authors:   Fisheries Research Station, S. V. Veterinary University, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh (534 199), India, Suguna T.
Published: January 2021

Over the last three decades, the commercial aquaculture has experienced spectacular growth. Many species have gone from small scale regional production to large scale global production. Concomitant with the rapid growth there also has been the increased occurrence of problems that accompany all agricultural endeavours. All the problems are stress influenced leading to diseases, impacting the profitability of the industries. In aquaculture also inspite of the unprecedented development of the intensified culture practices many economical problems have arise that are threatening the sustainability of culture systems. The root cause for all is stress. The word, “stress” is very common butreflects vast effective results. It is an invisible factor, influencing the survivality, growth, reproduction, production in culture fish especially. It is much easier for diseases to proliferate in the culture environment than in wild. Defining what levels of stressors are normal and acceptable is not easy. A level of stressor that is problematic under one set of environmental conditions might not be the same under another. The susceptibility of disease occurrence differs within species and age groups. Different stress factor such as inadequate physico chemical and microbial quality of culture water, poor nutritional stems and high stocking density can cause infection by opportunistic pathogens. In aquaculture, the stress plays major role on production, productivity, sustainability of the culture, economic loss and degradation of economic standards. A summation of causes for the acute and chronic stressors will enlighten the aqua farmers, scientists and fishery officials in designing environmentally friendly controlling measures, in obtaining higher yields.
Evaluation of Dolichos Genotypes (Dolichos lab lab L.) under Northern Telangana Zone
Authors:   Horticultural Polytechnic, Adilabad, SKLTSHU, Telangana (504 001), India, R. Preetham , V. Suchitra ,   Horticultural Research Station, Adilabad, SKLTSHU, Telangana, (504 001), India, P. Saidaiah ,   College of Horticulture, Mojerla, SKLTSHU, Telangana (509 382), India, A. Nithish ,   Horticultural Polytechnic, Adilabad, SKLTSHU, Telangana (504 001), India
Published: January 2021

A field trial was conducted at Horticultural Research Station, Adilabad of Northern Telangana Zone in Telangana State, India for two consecutive years of 2018 and 2019 with forty five genotypes of dolichos bean. The study was initiated to study the vegetative, floral characters and yield performance of different genotypes. The experiment was laid by adopting Randomized block design with two replications each in 2018 and 2019. Significant variations were noticed in the vegetative, floral characteristics; yield attributes and yields among the different genotypes. Stem pigmentation varied from meager or no pigmentation in 33 genotypes to almost solid in IC-426968 and IC-427428. The leaf colour was green and dark green in 12 and 33 genotypes respectively. The leaf shape was round (IC-426968), lanceolate, ovate lanceolate and ovate in 2, 10 and 32 genotypes. The standard petal colour and keel petal colour varied among the genotypes. It was cream, pink, purple and white. Maximum pod length was reported by IC-427436 and IC-427462 (16.15 cm), mean pod width by PSRJ-12953 (6.36 cm), mean pod weight by IC-427436 (11.05 g) and number of seeds per pod (6.35) by genotype Sambram. The genotype IC-427436 recorded significantly higher pod yield per plant (2713 g) and pod yield per hectare (13563 kg) over rest of the genotypes and it was followed by the genotypes IC-427462 and RND-1.
Trait Association and Path Analysis Studies of Yield Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm
Authors:   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Gupta Sneha , Upadhyay Sameer ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Koli Ganesh Kumar ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Rathi Sanket Rajendra ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Bisen Prashant ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Loitongbam Bapsila ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Singh Pawan Kumar ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India, Sinha Brajesh ,   Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (221 005), India
Published: January 2021

Forty-eight Rice germplasm were undertaken for estimating variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path analysis for yield and yield attributing traits. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications during two-season viz., July-Oct, 2017 and July-Oct, 2018 at the Agriculture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi. Analysis of variance revealed that genotypes contain significant differences for all the traits. High estimates of GCV and PCV were observed for traits like filled grains panicle-1 followed by total grains panicle-1, grain yield plant-1 and number of effective tillers plant-1. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as % of mean was observed for the traits viz. plant height, days to 50% flowering and test weight. These characters exhibited less influence of environmental variance in their inheritance and hence could be improved by means of simple selection. Path analysis revealed that characters like filled grains panicle-1, total grains panicle-1 and number of effective tillers plant-1 had prominent direct positive effects on grain yield plant-1. Genotypes LC-53, LC-55 and LC-50 and LC-59 were found to be superior for yield and contributing traits during July-Oct, 2017 and July-Oct, 2018 respectively while LC-90 was found to be consistently overling under both seasons. Genotypes LC-54 and LC-56 were earliest in flowering and maturity suggesting that they can be used as a donor in hybridization programme for evolving early maturing rice variety.
El emprendimiento social de base universitaria en Latinoamérica: caso Zacatecas, México
Authors: Bañuelos García Víctor Hugo , García Martínez Flor de María , Álvarez Diez Rubén Carlos
Published: January 2021

La globalización exige que los egresados de la educación superior cuenten con habilidades que impacten en el desarrollo económico. Y una de las habilidades más apreciadas actualmente es el emprendimiento social. La presente investigación está precedida por el trabajo denominado El emprendimiento social de base universitaria en Latinoamérica, en el cual se encontró que solo 3.4 % de los 5243 estudiantes encuestados de 26 universidades de ocho países está liderando algún emprendimiento social, esto a pesar de que 62 % desea hacerlo. El propósito del presente estudio fue comparar los resultados del contexto internacional con el local. Para ello, se partió del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales usado en el estudio previo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 301 alumnos de la Unidad Académica de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas. En los resultados se encontró que solo 0.7 % de ellos lidera un emprendimiento social. Se concluye que falta mucho por hacer por parte de la institución educativa, ya que el constructo “Soporte institucional” no contribuyó de manera significativa en la intención emprendedora. Sin duda es pertinente generar acciones que permitan a los alumnos llevar a cabo proyectos y que estos no queden en intenciones.
Stretching Exercise Versus Tissue Mobilization Technique in Piriformis Syndrome
Authors: Alarab Azzam , Unver Fatma
Published: January 2021

Objective: The study was aimed to compare the effectiveness of stretching exercise and tissue mobilization techniques with piriformis syndrome patients.

Methods: Thirty-two participants were included in this study and they were classified into two groups. Group A, stretching exercise, hot pack, and group B, tissue mobilization technique, hot pack. Every group obtained two sessions in a week, for four weeks. The participants were assessed by (VAS), (RMQ), and (HAM-A).

Results: The comparison revealed that for RMQ there was a significant difference between groups in terms of the stretching exercise group (P >0.05). For HAM-A and VAS, there were no statically significant differences between groups (P <0.05), but the impact of both exercises indicates that stretching exercises have a higher positive effect comparing to tissue mobilization on pain.

Conclusion: The study proved which the stretching exercise was more efficient than the tissue mobilization technique on the pain outcome measures. It’s reported that stretching exercise improves low back function more than tissue mobilization technique. In the end, the study indicated that significantly there was no difference between both groups on the anxiety outcome measure.
AQ806, AS739, AT693, AU197 and AU734 antibodies recognize the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2 by flow cytometry
Authors: Gosetto Margaux , Gil Daniel , Poncet Clément , Volery Maxime , Da Fonte Sara , Jaques Emma , El Matribi Zacharie , Berkcan Serkan , Payot Nina , Vaudano Alexandre P. , Khatibi Khatiba , Nemeth Anthony , Gozlugol Ezgi , Chammartin Nylsa , Lazzarotto Célia , Ollivier Julien , Oppliger Ezia , Schmid Marie N. , Bindschaedler Clément , Sassi Ali , Guilhen Cyril , Aubry-Lachainaye Jean-Pierre
Published: January 2021

The recombinant antibodies AQ806, AS739, AT693, AU197 and AU734 detect by flow cytometry the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2.
Biomonitoring findings for occupational lead exposure in battery and ceramic tile workers using biochemical markers, alkaline comet assay, and micronucleus test coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridisation
Authors: Kašuba Vilena , Milić Mirta , Želježić Davor , Mladinić Marin , Pizent Alica , Kljaković-Gašpić Zorana , Balija Melita , Jukić Irena
Published: January 2021

Manufacture of lead-containing products has long been associated with various health risks. To get an insight into the related genotoxic risks, we conducted a biomonitoring study in 50 exposed workers and 48 matched controls using a battery of endpoints that sensitively detect the extent of genome instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The levels of primary DNA damage were estimated with the alkaline comet assay, while cytogenetic abnormalities were determined with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) cytome assay. Additionally, CBMN slides of 20 exposed and 16 control participants were subjected to fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), coupled with pancentromeric probes to establish the incidence of centromere-positive micronuclei, nuclear buds, and nucleoplasmic bridges. Blood lead levels (B-Pb) were measured with atomic absorption spectrometry. To further characterise cumulative effects of occupational exposure, we measured erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP) concentrations and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in blood. We also assessed the influence of serum folate (S-folate) and vitamin B12 (S-B12) on genome stability. Compared to controls, occupationally exposed workers demonstrated significantly higher B-Pb (298.36±162.07 vs 41.58±23.02), MN frequency (18.71±11.06 vs 8.98±7.50), centromere positive MN (C+ MN) (8.15±1.8 vs 3.69±0.47), and centromere negative MN (C- MN) (14.55±1.80 vs 4.56±0.89). Exposed women had significantly higher comet tail intensity (TI) and length (TL) than control women. Furthermore, workers showed a positive correlation between age and nuclear buds and MN, between MN and years of exposure, and between S-B12 levels and TI and ALAD activity, while a negative correlation was found between TI and B-Pb. These findings suggest that occupational settings in the manufacture of lead-containing products pose significant genotoxic risks, which calls for developing more effective work safety programmes, including periodical monitoring of B-Pb and genetic endpoints.
The Roman amphitheatre in Mérida, Spain ˗Augustan or Flavian? Radiocarbon dating results on mortar carbonate
Authors: Lindroos Alf , Heinemeier Jan , Ringbom Åsa , Daugbjerg Thomas Schrøder , Hajdas Irka
Published: January 2021

Four lime mortar samples from the Mérida amphitheatre in Spain were dated in 2001 and re-dated in 2019 with refined dating methods and focus on carbon dioxide that was released in late CO2 fractions when dissolved in phosphoric acid. The samples were difficult to date because they contained highly soluble, young carbonate contamination that dominated the carbon dioxide from the early stages of the reaction with the acid in the hydrolysis process. They were also rather hydraulic and rich in magnesium, which could have caused delayed hardening. However, there was very little dead carbon contamination so that late carbon dioxide fraction gave uniform 14C ages, pointing to a late 1st c. AD Flavian, or later age of the amphitheatre.
Growth, nutrient uptake and yield of ginger as impacted by potting media, foliar nutrition and microbial inoculants
Authors: Sudha B. , John J. , Meera A.V. , Sajeena A.
Published: January 2021

Experiments were conducted during 2017-19 at the Integrated Farming System Research Station, Karamana, Kerala Agricultural University for assessing the impact of quantity of potting media, foliar application of multinutrient mixture IISR Power Mix G and microbial inoculants Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma on the growth, nutrient uptake and yield of ginger variety Karthika grown as pot culture. The study revealed that 12 and 15 kg of potting media filled grow bags could produce comparable yields of ginger significantly higher than that obtained with 9 kg of potting media. Application of IISR Power Mix G @ 0.5% at 2 and 3 months of planting enhanced the yield of ginger to the tune of 11 per cent in comparison to control. Microbial inoculants AMF (5 g plant-1) and Trichoderma (1 kg mixed with 90 kg FYM and 10 kg neem cake and 250 g of the mixture used) applied at planting time followed by Trichoderma at 1 month after planting resulted in higher fresh ginger yield of 596.67 g bag-1 and was comparable to 550 g of fresh ginger obtained with application of AMF and Trichoderma at planting.
АNАLYSІS OF THЕ STАTЕ OF FUNСTІONІNG OF THЕ BАNKІNG SYSTЕM OF UKRАІNЕ
Authors:   National Bank of Ukraine, Neklyudova Tatiana Mykolaivna , Kazaryan Alexandra Henrikhivna ,   Chernihiv National University of Technology
Published: January 2021

Urgеnсy оf thе rеsеаrсh. Аt thе prеsеnt stаgе of rеformіng thе Ukrаіnian есonomy аnd rеgulаtory аpproасhеs іn vаrіous sphеrеs of есonomіс асtіvіty, іt іs іmportаnt to аssеss thе stаtе of funсtіonіng аnd fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе bаnkіng systеm іn thе rесonstruсtіon of thе nаtіonаl есonomy. Tаrgеt sеttіng. Сhаngіng thе objесtіvеs of fіnаnсіаl polісy to tаrgеt thе еxсhаngе rаtе to іnflаtіon tаrgеtіng hаd а nеgаtіvе іmpасt on thе funсtіonіng of thе bаnkіng systеm, nаmеly thе growth of bаd dеbts on loаns thаt сould not bе rеpаіd by есonomіс аgеnts. Асtuаl sсіеntіfіс rеsеаrсhеs аnd іssuеs аnаlysіs. The organization of financial regulation of the banking system was studied by N. Vеrsаl, V. Vyhovskа, V. Vovk, N. Grеbеnіk, А. Gryаznovа, S. Yеgoryсhеvа, V. Kovаlеnko, O. Krukhmаl, V. Mаrgаsovа, V. Mіshсhеnko, F. Myshkіn studіеd thе orgаnіzаtіon of fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе bаnkіng systеm, А. Murісhеv, K. Rаеvsky, O. Sаkun, V. Sаvсhеnko, T. Smovzhеnko, O. Tаvаsіеv, G. Shіnаzі аnd othеrs. Unіnvеstіgаtеd раrts оf gеnеrаl mаttеrs dеfіnіng. Thе works of thеsе sсіеntіsts prасtісаlly dіd not rеflесt thе іssuе of аssеssіng thе stаtе of rеgulаtіon of thе Ukrаіnе bаnkіng systеm. Thе rеsеаrсh оbjесtіvе. Thе аrtісlе іs aimеd to struсturе thе mеthodologісаl frаmеwork for аssеssіng thе stаtе of fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе Ukrаіnе bаnkіng systеm. Thе stаtеmеnt оf bаsіс mаtеrіаls. Thе аrtісlе аnаlyzеs thе prасtісе of fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе Ukrаіnе bаnkіng systеm. Іdеntіfіеd problеms аnd dеformаtіons іn іts funсtіonіng: hіgh lеvеl of dеpеndеnсе of thе rеsourсе bаsе on еxtеrnаl borrowіngs; rіsіng іnflаtіon, dеvаluаtіon of thе hryvnіа; low quаlіty of bаnk аssеts; low lеvеl of саpіtаlіzаtіon of bаnks, etc. Іt іs substаntіаtеd thаt thе сombіnаtіon аnd сoordіnаtеd usе of fіnаnсіаl polісy іnstrumеnts, еxіstіng аnd promіsіng to іmplеmеnt іnstrumеnts of mасro- аnd mісro-prudеntіаl rеgulаtіon іs thе bаsіs for thе formаtіon of fаvorаblе сondіtіons for thе funсtіonіng of thе bаnkіng systеm. Соnсlusіоns. Thе stаtе of fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе Ukrаіnе bаnkіng systеm іs аnаlyzеd. Іt іs еstаblіshеd thаt thе іdеntіfіеd problеms of fіnаnсіаl rеgulаtіon of thе bаnkіng systеm hаvе lеd to а dесrеаsе іn іts fіnаnсіаl stаbіlіty.
Παρατηρήσεις σε επιγραφές από την Δυτική Κρήτη
Authors:   Museo Epigráfico de Atenas (Grecia), Κριτζάς Χαράλαμπος Β.
Published: January 2021

The article proposes new readings and interpretations for 4 Greek inscriptions from Western Crete. At the stele of Tyliphos (area of Phalasarna) with a treaty of alliance between Phalasarna and Polyrhenia (early 3rd c. BC., Martinez-Fernandez, 2012: 46, No 2), l. 23: instead of ΑΙΑΚΟΝ (Αἰακός, the hero Aeacus) it should be read ΑΡΑΚΟΝ (ἄρακος, the field-weed vicia villosa, the hairy vetch). At the inscription from Polyrhenia (2nd c. BC, o.c., p. 169-170, No 76), ll. 15-16: instead of Ἀνδροκλῆς | Ἥρᾳ (a dedication in the dative), it should be read the genitive Ἡρᾶ, of the father’s name Ἡρᾶς. The inscriptions from Polyrhenia (o.c., p. 164,No 68 and 179, No 81), the ligatures ΦΟ and Φ, should be read as abbreviations of Ὅρo(ς).
Sobre la recepción de Josefo en la General Estoria de Alfonso X (Primera parte)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia  (España), López Férez Juan Antonio
Published: January 2021

The editors of the First Part of the General Estoria used Josephus’ Latin version of the AI (Antiquitates Iudaicae) with great frequency. Our study focuses on some items: data offered by Josephus, and not by the Bible, but collected in the GE; points that the GE attributes to Josephus but that appear in another way or simply do not appear; facts related by Josephus briefly but extensively considered in the Alfonsi writing; and, finally, some important errors contained in the GE, when the events are described differently in the Jewish historian
Pensar para vivir con sentido: una equilibrada logomítica dialógica
Authors:   Universidad Central de Venezuela (Venezuela), López Saco Julio
Published: January 2021

In the ancient order of the world, man was integrated into society, but also into the components that made up the universe. There was an empathic spirit-temporal complementarity. Later, the secular order fragmented such an essential unity. A dehumanized individual emerged because reason "substituted" in an inadequate way for imagination, causing impoverishment. The demythologization and disenchantment of the world by a techno and anthropocentric knowledge that focuses exclusively on the rational, requires a re-humanization, the revaluation of the knowledge of a culture of meaning. This is achieved through dialogue, conversation and balance, without the imposition of rigid structures. Many keys to Western identity and reason rest on mythology, a factor that should motivate the recognition of the presence. of mythical impulses in our culture. Its revaluationwill be what helps to consolidate an anthropoetics that is humanly linked to the rest of society and nature. The relationship between me and you would take on its affective and cooperative background. Consequently, it is a matter of unravelling essentialisms without relativizing them, of spreading the dynamic relationality that balances and harmonizes the opposites: complexio oppositorum of logos and myth. In short, those dehumanizing aspects of the logos and its unidirectionality lacking in imagination, must be associated with the image and the spectrum of human emotions.
Η σχέση του θεάτρου με το ανάκτορο στους Ελληνιστικούς χρόνους
Authors:   Ministerio de Cultura de Grecia  (Grecia), Μιλιδάκης Μιχάλης
Published: January 2021

The theatre as a gathering place used to serve the ancient city’s operational needs. For this reason, it was built in direct or indirect relation to the public center. In monarchical states it was related to the palace as it served the kingship. The gradual development of this connection is observed in the cases of Vergina, Pergamon and Alexandria of Egypt
La tradición clásica en La Música de Tomás de Iriarte
Authors:   CEPA Santa Cruz de Tenerife (España), Pérez Martel José María
Published: January 2021

The didactic poem The Music of the canarian fabulist Tomás de Iriarte (1750-1791) contains numerous references to the classical languages and their culture.They are an excellent example of the rich humanistic culture and knowledge of ancient and modern languages that Iriarte treasured. In this paper we analyze his treatment of characters and topics from the history literature and mythology of Greece and Rome, and the way in which he pours his extensive knowledge of the classical languages into a work, now forgotten, but which gained him international recognition as a great musical theorist and constitutes a worthy sample of the eighteenth-century didactic literature
Textos de agricultura cartaginesa en la literatura latina: los otros tratados de agri cultura
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Ríos Longares Rubén
Published: January 2021

All societies have shared the need to nourish themselves, as prosperity is hindered if there is famine. However, the ancient world isn’t an exception to this because its literature reliably reflects the need to sow crops and feed its people. This is clearly stated in the agricultural manuals which have been preserved. A thousand years separate Hesiod’s Works and Days from the Geoponica by Casiano Baso. In those 1000 years a multitude of agricultural texts were written, some of which are very well known, while others are less well known. Amongs those less fortunate agricultural texts are those which Magon, the Punic, signed in Carthage before the Second Punic War. This essay will focus on this text and its fate
Afrodita todopoderosa: entre el orfismo y la magia
Authors:   Universitat Pompeu Fabra (España), Suárez de la Torre Emilio
Published: January 2021

Remarks on Derveni Papyrus, col. XXI, Orphic Hymn 55 (1-14), and PGM IV (2898-2935 and 3207-3252), focused on the features of the goddess emphasized in each text, with a proposal concerning the coincidences.
Possibilities of OCT Angiography for Diagnosis of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: Parameters of the Ganglion Cell Complex, Optic Disc and Peripapillary Retina
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Ioyleva E.E. , Safonenko A.Y. ,   A. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Gavrilova N.A. ,   A. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Andrusyakova E.P. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow
Published: January 2021

Purpose. Study the thickness of periapillary retina, ganglion cell complex and optic disc parameters in patients with nonarteritised anterior ischemic optic neuropathy using the spectral OCT angiography. Material and Methods. We examined 17 people (17 eyes) with unilateral non-arteritised anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (no more than 30 days from the appearance of complaints), the average age was 64.1±8.1 years. The control group consisted of 37 volunteers. All the subjects were treated with spectral OCT angiography on RTVue XR Avanti device (Optovue Inc., USA). Results. In patients with non-arteritised anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, compared to the control group, there was a statistically significant increase in the average thickness of periapillary retina nerve fiber layer from 136 to 403 µm, an increase in optic disc area and neuroretinal belt (p < 0.0001) and the absence of cupping (Cup Volume = 0). A decrease in average thickness of ganglion cell complex was found in 8 out of 17 patients, while all patients showed increases in FLV (p=0.008) and GLV (p=0.036). A direct correlation relationship between FLV (r=0.64; p<0.05) and GLV (r=0.51; p<0.05) was found, as well as a moderate negative correlation relationship between uncorrected visual acuity (r=-0.58; p<0,05), moderate direct correlation relationship between average thickness of periapillary retina nerve fiber layer and thickness of ganglion cell complex (r=0.68; p<0,05), and high inverse correlation relationship between FLV (r=-0.77; p<0,05) and GLV (r=-0.76; p<0,05). Conclusion. A comprehensive analysis of thickness of periapillary retina nerve fiber layer and parameters of ganglion cell complex using spectral OCT angiography may allow for a more accurate detection of early retinal structural abnormalities and the timely commencement of conservative therapy to preserve functional parameters. Key words: spectral OCT angiography, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, ganglion cell complex, optic disc.
Screening Studies of Retinopathy of Prematurity and Its Prospects for Ophthalmology
Authors:   N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Sidorenko E.I. , Nikolaeva G.V. ,   N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Sidorenko E.E. ,   N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow,   Voyno-Yasenetsky Scientific Practical Centre of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Moscow, Obrubov S.A. ,   N. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Vaganova Z.M. ,   E. Mukhin State Clinical Hospital
Published: January 2021

The leading risk factors development of ROP are presented: low gestational age, low birth weight, weight dynamics of a newborn in the first 6 weeks after birth (Winrop algorithm), oxygen inhalation for more than 20–50 days, artificial ventilation for more than 5–7 days, stay in the couvette for more than 4 weeks. Screening prognostic scales in premature infants and laboratory methods for studying a system that fights circulatory hypoxia, the failure of which causes pathological angiogenesis, have been shown. It has been proposed to identify the first preclinical phase in ROP classification, where its pathogenesis is formed, and to develop domestic screening systems for ROP prognosis. Key words: retinopathy of premature, pathogenesis, autoregulation of blood vessels, preclinical phase of retinopathy of premature, screening systems for ROP prognosis.
Impact of Inflation, Exchange Rate and Interest Rate on the Private Sector Credit of Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Umair Ali  , Saliha Gul Abbasi  , Mazhar Abbas  , Ghulam Dastgeer
Published: January 2021

The paper analyzed the long-term and short-term impact of interest rate, exchange rate and inflation on the private sector credit of Pakistan during the period from 1975 to 2018. To test the stationarity of data Augmented Dick Fuller (ADF) Test was applied. While the main model to explore the long-term and short-term dependence was based on Auto Regressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) Model. The results suggested no effect of exchange rate on private sector credit, while inflation has significant as well as positive impact on Private Sector Credit (PSC) in long as well as short run. Lastly, the most important dependence i.e. interest effect on PSC; depicted negative impact in both short and long term.
Trombólisis intraarterial en ACV isquémico agudo
Authors: Velez Bravo María Dayana , Naranjo Apuntes Darío Iván , Méndez Barbosa Edwin Andrés , Barros Cabrera Jorge Adrián
Published: January 2021

El Accidente Cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico es uno de los tipos más frecuentes de esta enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV). Representa entre un 80 - 85% de los de su tipo. El ACV isquémico es la tercera causa de muerte en los países desarrollados y la primera causa de discapacidad en adultos. La terapia trombolítica precoz en pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo reduce el área de infarto cerebral, además de mejorar los resultados funcionales a los 3 meses. Es fundamental para el clínico estar actualizado en cuanto a los avances terapéuticos que han demostrado impactar, en términos de calidad de vida y funcionalidad, en pacientes con esta patología. En consecuencia, el objetivo fundamental del presente estudio es plasmar los aspectos más resaltantes relacionados con la trombólisis intraarterial como tratamiento de pacientes con ACV isquémico agudo. El modelo de investigación es una revisión de tipo documental bibliográfico. La terapia trombolítica intraarterial en ACV isquémico agudo, conjuntamente o no, con la terapia IV es una gran alternativa, con excelentes resultados ampliamente comprobados. En virtud de lo cual, este tratamiento ha llegado a ser el estándar de asistencia en algunos centros importantes para ACV, mientras que, en muchos otros por razones técnicas o de falta de especialización, aún se encuentra ausente. La misión fundamental en el tratamiento del ACV isquémico agudo es impedir las pérdidas de tiempo en su aplicación con la finalidad de evitar los daños y complicaciones que pueda acarrear esta enfermedad. No obstante, este tipo de tratamiento, por su requerimiento de alta especialización, se encuentra reservado en muchos países a centros con alta tecnología.
Schwingungsprobleme bei Bauwerken
Authors: Bachmann Hugo , Ammann Walter
Published: January 2021

Das vorliegende Buch beschränkt sich im wesentlichen auf durch Menschen und Maschinen induzierte Bauwerksschwingungen. Menscheninduzierte Schwingungen entstehen insbesondere durch Gehen, Laufen, Hüpfen, Tanzen, etc. Dementsprechend treten sie meist bei Fussgängerbauwerken und einzelnen Hochbauten auf. Zu dieser Thematik gibt es bisher praktisch nur Publikationen über Detailprobleme. Hier wird der Versuch unternommen, über die menscheninduzierten Schwingungen eine systematische Gesamtdarstellung zu geben. Maschineninduzierte Schwingungen entstehen durch den Betrieb verschiedenartigster Maschinen und Geräte mit rotierenden, oszillierenden oder stossenden Teilen. Insbesondere über Maschinenfundamente, d. h. über die Lagerung meist grösserer Maschinen auf speziellen Unterkonstruktionen, existiert bereits eine umfangreiche Literatur. In der vorliegenden Arbeit stehen kleinere und mittlere Maschi­nen im Vordergrund, die auf normalen Geschossdecken in Industriebauten aufgestellt sind und unerwünschte Bauwerksschwingungen hervorrufen können. Entsprechende Fragestellungen sind bisher eher vernachlässigt worden. Es ergeben sich dabei aber weitgehend ähnliche Probleme wie bei den menscheninduzierten Schwingungen. Andere Fragestellungen, wie z.B. durch Maschinen induzierte Bodenerschütterungen und deren Auswirkungen auf andere Bauteile und Bauwerke, werden hier ebenfalls nicht behandelt.

Das Buch ist somit bewusst auf die Bedürfnisse des vor allem im Hochbau tätigen Bauingenieurs ausgerichtet und nicht in erster Linie für den Dynamikspezialisten gedacht. Es ist auch ausdrücklich nicht das Ziel dieses Buches, Anleitungen für die Durchführung umfangreicher dynamischer Berechnungen zu geben. Vielmehr stehen folgende Zielsetzungen im Vordergrund:

Aufzeigen, wo dynamische Probleme auftreten können und wo Vorsicht geboten ist.

Fördern des Verständnisses für die auftretenden Phänomene und für die grundlegen­den Zusammenhänge.

Vermitteln von Grundlagen zur Abschätzung des dynamischen Verhaltens der betroffenen Bauwerke bzw. Bauteile.

Darstellen geeigneter Massnahmen sowohl vorbeugender Art bei Projektierungen als auch für den Fall erforderlicher Sanierungen.
Vibrations in Structures
Authors: Bachmann Hugo , Ammann Walter
Published: January 2021

«Vibrations in Structures» concentrates on vibrations in structures as excited by human motion or machine operation. Man-induced vibrations may arise from walking, running, skipping, dancing, etc. They occur mostly in pedestrian structures, office buildings, gym­nasia and sports halls, dancing and concert halls, stadia, etc. Existing publications treat by and large some isolated aspects of the problem; the present one attempts, for the first time, a systematic survey of man-induced vibrations. Machine-induced vibrations occur during the operation of all sorts of machinery and tools with rotating, oscillating or thrusting parts. The study concentrates rather on small and medium size machinery placed on floors of industrial buildings and creating a potential source of undesirable vibrations. The associ­ated questions have rarely been tackled to date; they entail probiems similar to those of man-induced vibrations.

The book is consciously intended to serve the practising structural engineer and not primarily the dynamic specialist. It should be noted that its aim is not to provide directions on how to perform comprehensive dynamic computations. Instead, it attempts the following:

to show where dynamic problems could occur and where a word of caution is good advice;

to further the understanding of the phenomena encountered as well as of the underlying principles;

to impart the basic knowledge for assessing the dynamic behaviour of the structures or structural elements;

to describe suitable measures, both preventive to be applied in the design stage and remedial in the case of rehabilitation.
Strengthening with Prestressed CFRP Strips of Box Girders on the Chofu Bridge, Japan
Authors: Fujita Masami , Takahashi Terumitsu , Kuzume Kazuhiro , Ueda Tamon , Kobayashi Akira
Published: January 2021

Reinforced concrete (RC) box girders of the Chofu Bridge had been strengthened using tensioned carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strip method. Before and after the CFRP application, on-site load tests of the bridge were conducted using a 45 t weight vehicle.
Strengthening and Rehabilitation of a Heating Plant Chimney, in Poland
Authors: Ajdukiewicz Andrzej B. , Hulimka Jacek S.
Published: January 2021

A case study of reinforced concrete chimney repair, strengthening, and ﬁnally general modernization is described. The speciﬁc local conditions and the changeable decisions of the user caused the application of three different approaches to the reconstruction works.
Rehabilitation of the Kumho Group Seoul Headquarters, Korea
Authors: Hong Geonho , Chung Youngsoo , Chung Hyekyo
Published: January 2021

This paper is a case study of an ofﬁce building rehabilitation in Seoul, Korea. The partly built building, originally designed as a general ofﬁce building, contained 20 stories above and seven below ground. After the ﬁrst ﬂoor slab was constructed, construction was stopped because of ﬁnancial difﬁculties of the previous owner. The new owner revised the architectural plan, design, and height of the building with 29 stories above and eight below ground. Because of the long-term stop of the construction and change of the architectural design, large-scale repair and rehabilitation work was carried out in 2006.
Characteristic Seismic Failures of Buildings
Authors: Moseley V. J. "Jon" , Lampropoulos Andreas , Apostolidi Eftychia , Giarlelis Christos
Published: January 2021

Earthquakes can cause considerable fatalities, injuries and financial loss. The forces of nature cannot be blamed, as the problem lies with the structures in seismic regions that may not have been designed or constructed to a sufficient degree to resist earthquake actions or they may have design flaws. This Structural Engineering Document (SED) concerns reinforced concrete and masonry buildings together with geotechnical aspects and presents in a concise and practical way the state of the art of current understanding of building failures due to earthquakes. It classifies the different types of seismic failure, explains the reasons for each failure, describes good practices to avoid such failures and also describes seismic retrofitting/upgrading procedures for pre-earthquake strengthening and post-earthquake repair and/or strengthening techniques for deficient buildings. Carefully selected photographs and diagrams illustrate the different failure types. This document could be considered as quite unique, as this is the first time such material concerning characteristic seismic failures of buildings has been presented together in one single document. It is intended to be a valuable educational reference textbook aimed at all levels of experience of engineers. It provides background information, ideas, guidance and reassurance to engineers in earthquake regions faced with the task of building a safer future for the public and to protect lives.
FEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL INTERACTIONS OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS OF SOCIONOMIC PROFESSIONS IN THE INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENT: SWOT-ANALYSIS
Authors: Nakhod Svitlana
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the SWOT-analysis of the features of professional interaction of future specialists of socionomic professions in an inclusive environment. The socio-pedagogical and psychological direction of the following socionomic professions is considered: psychologist, pedagogue, social pedagogue, social worker, tutor. The strengths of professional interaction of specialists are clarified: the ability to jointly set goals and distribute the functions of professional activity, identify ways to achieve them and plan this process; to establish sequence in the working process; analyze the results of diagnosis of individual characteristics of the child; use theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems of professional activity, etc. Weaknesses include translation of information in professional terminology; implementation of holistic reflection; division of responsibilities; specification of achieving meta-subject results. Opportunities are found in improving the efficiency of working with a particular child; holistic view of the child; ability to individualize the educational process taking into account the results of diagnostics, designing an adaptive learning strategy; providing effective assistance to the child in overcoming communicative, regulatory, cognitive and personal difficulties in the educational process, etc. Threats to the establishment of effective professional interaction were manifested in communicative unpreparedness of the parties, unwillingness to work in a team, insufficient understanding by specialists of their own functions in the field of psychological and pedagogical support of a child with special educational needs.
It is concluded that joint, specially organized educational activities of future specialists of socionomic professions will contribute to a strong and meaningful acquisition of theoretical knowledge, acquisition of practical skills and experience of professional communication. It is established that the implementation of the program of joint training of teachers, psychologists, tutors, social educators, social workers will help create a single field that will unite future professionals in the process of forming integrative competencies needed to work in inclusive education.
CRITERIA AND INDICATORS OF VULNERABILITY OF AGRARIAN LAND USE SOILS TO DROUGHT TO DEVELOP MEASURES TO MITIGATE THEIR CONSEQUENCES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELARUSIAN POLESSYE REGION)
Authors:   Belarusian state University, Yatsukhno Valentin , Bachila Svetlana ,   Belarusian state University
Published: January 2021

A system of criteria and indicators is proposed to determine the degree of vulnerability of soils of agricultural lands in Belarusian Polessye based on the analysis of climatic changes, natural and anthropogenic factors affecting their moisture supply during the growing season.
ON A COMPARATIVE LANDSCAPE STUDIES OF DELTAS UNDER DESERTIFICATION PROCESS WITH LANDSCAPE PATTERTNS STRUCTURAL METRICS
Authors:   Karakalpak state university, Reymov P. , Statov Viktor , Khudaybergenov G. , Mamutov N. , Reymov M.
Published: January 2021

The report disputes some possibilities of landscape patterns structural metrics fot comparative studies of structural and functional affinity for intra-continental arid deltas, such us Aral Sea basin and Caspian plains. We suggest using optical indexes (NDVI, SAVI et al.) as a input layer for the statistical image processing and landscape metrics extracting.
SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF AQUATIC AND ASSOCIATED GEOSYSTEMS IN THE SOUTH OF WESTERN SIBERIA UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Chernykh Dmitriy , Zolotov Dmitriy , Biryukov Roman , Pershin Dmitriy
Published: January 2021

An unstable lake levels are characteristic for the Ob Plateau territory. Moreover, there are reciprocal level fluctuations. In this regard, both in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Plateau, a significant part of geosystems of underlying locations are periodically affected by the hydromorphic factor. It is manifested in the structure of soil cover, micro- and nanorelief, and composition of plant associations.
ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC INDICATORS OF ORGANIC MATTER QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION OF YAROSLAVL VOLGA REGION POST-AGROGENIC SOILS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF MODERN CLIMATE CHANGES
Authors: Popov Aleksandr , Rusakov A. , Simonova Yulia , Tsivka K.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this work was to characterize the postagrogenic transformation of soil organic matter (SOM). For decision of this purpose the results of chemodestructive fractionation (CDF), the content of chlorophylls a and b , pheophetins and carotenoids, and Margalef's pigment index (PI) were used newly. Subjects of inquiry-humus horizons of soils of arable lands and fallow areas of Poshekhonsky district of the Yaroslavl region of the Russian Federation-were stitch together into two groups with differ in the type of land use. In one of them, the soils remained arable for 30-40 years (arable-arable group), in the other - the soils of arable land for the same time period were transferred to the fallow (arable-fallow group). It was found that increasing the soil water content of fallow plots compared to arable soils can lead: to improved livelihoods of the soil algocenoses (the value of PI Margalef decreased) to increase the carbon content of organic compounds, to increase the number legkomyslenno fraction in the organic component of soil, increased hydrolytic processes that reduce the content of carotenoids and chlorins (in particular, pheophytinand chlorophylls a and b) in SOM composition. Thus, results of CDF and content of chlorophylls a and b , pheophetins and carotenoids can be used to assess the postagrogenic transformation of SOM, and Margalef's PI-to characterize soil algocenosis.
INFLUENCE OF SMALL WATER FLOWS ON CHANGES OF THE AGGREGATE COMPOSITION OF ERODED CHERNOZEM TYPICAL
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Demidov Valeriy , Plotnikova Oksana ,   Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute
Published: January 2021

On the example of arable chernozems typical of different degrees of erosion, the change in their aggregate composition as a result of both the transport of soil material by small water flows and the degree of soil erosion is shown. It was established that when assessing the structural state of eroded soils, it is necessary to take into account the distribution of their size fractions and the structural coefficient.