bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does health reform achieve the goal of strengthening primary healthcare in China?
Authors: Feng Jie , Gong Yanhong , Li Hui , Wu Jianxiong , Zhang Jia , Lu Zuxun , Yin Xiaoxv
Published: March 2020

Background: Re-constructing the primary healthcare system is the focus of the new round of Chinese health reform. Nevertheless, there have been few studies focusing on whether the role of primary healthcare in the health system is strengthened in China.Methods: The data of this study came from the China Health Statistical Yearbook (2009–2018). We evaluated the development of primary healthcare based on the absolute values of health resources allocation and health service provision, and evaluated the status of primary healthcare throughout the health system based on the composition ratios of the indicators across the health system.Results: From 2009 to 2018, the amounts of health resources allocation and health service provision of Chinese primary healthcare institutions showed a significant upward trend (P<0.001). However, compared the indicators in 2009, excepting for the proportion of grants from the government in the whole health system has an upward trend, the proportions of other indicators had an escalating trend in 2018 by 4.04% for practicing (assistant) physicians, by 2.55% for nurses, by 4.06% for total revenues , by 5.54% for beds, by 7.37% for outpatient visits.Conclusion: The primary healthcare system has developed rapidly, but its development speed lagged behind the entire health system, resulting in the weakening of its actual functions, which is not in line with the goal of health reform. The government should improve the awareness of the importance of primary healthcare at all levels of local governments and ensure adequate financial input.
Willingness And Status Of Social Health Insurance Among People Of Pokhara Lekhnath, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Manju , Gahatraj Nandram
Published: March 2020

Background: Social health insurance program was implemented in Nepal with the aim to achieve universal health coverage by removing health and financial barriers to access health care. This study was performed to assess the willingness and status of social health insurance among people of Pokhara Lekhnath, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using mixed method. Quantitative study was conducted among 339 participants using interview schedule and qualitative among 27 participants using focus group discussion guidelines. Quantitative data was entered in Epi-data and descriptive analysis done in Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Chi-square tests was used for quantitative data to explore associations. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically keeping verbatim. Results: Among 339 participants, 51% were willing to pay and 77% were willing to continue, majority were due to the provision of free health services. About quarter enrolled participants were thinking about discontinuation due to lack of quality services. Presence of illness (0.003), age (<0.001), family-type (0.01), family-size (0.002), presence of chronic illness (0.002) and awareness level (<0.001) were significantly associated with enrollment to social health insurance program. Willingness to pay was determined by education (0.002) and awareness level (0.013). Maximum amount willingness to continue with is significantly associated with sex (0.037) Conclusion and Recommendations: Willingness to continue is higher than willingness to pay. Also, Awareness level is unsatisfactory. This suggests that people who knows about the social health insurance program get enrolled, learn and experience about the program and increase willingness to continue. Awareness was making significant influence over willingness to pay and enrollment. Lack of quality service was affecting willingness. Thus, the program should concerned on raising awareness and quality improvement.
Prognostic value of lactate levels and lactate clearance in sepsis and septic shock with initial hyperlactatemia: a retrospective cohort study according to the Sepsis-3 definitions
Authors: Lee Seong Geun , Song Juhyun , Cho Han-jin , Moon Sungwoo , Park Dae Won , Cha Jae Hyung
Published: March 2020

Background: This study evaluated the prognostic value of lactate levels and lactate clearance for the prediction of mortality in sepsis and septic shock patients.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of sepsis and septic shock patients with initial lactate levels of ≥2 mmol/L. All patients met the Sepsis-3 definitions. The prognostic value of 6-hour lactate levels, lactate clearance, 6-hour lactate metrics (≥2 mmol/L), and lactate clearance metrics (<10%, <20%, and <30%) was evaluated. We compared the sensitivity and specificity between metrics.Results: Of the 363 sepsis and septic shock patients, 148 died (30-day mortality: 40.8%). Nonsurvivors had significantly higher 6-hour lactate levels and lower lactate clearance than those of survivors. Six-hour lactate levels and lactate clearance were associated with 30-day mortality after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio, 1.191 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.097–1.294] and 0.989 [0.983–0.995], respectively). Six-hour lactate levels had better prognostic value than lactate clearance (area under the curve, 0.720 [95% CI, 0.670–0.765] vs. 0.656 [0.605–0.705]; p = 0.018). A 6-hour lactate level of ≥3.5 mmol/L and a lactate clearance of <24.4% were the optimal cutoff values in predicting the 30-day mortality. The prognostic value of 6-hour lactate metrics and lactate clearance metrics did not differ. Six-hour lactate levels (≥2 mmol/L) had the highest sensitivity (89.2%).Conclusions: Six-hour lactate levels proved to be more accurate in predicting 30-day mortality than lactate clearance.
Is all-inside with suspensory cortical button fixation a superior technique for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Chun Wei , Chen Wei-Cheng , Lu Yung-Chang
Published: March 2020

BackgroundTo compare the clinical results of all-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using suspensory cortical button fixation and full tibial tunnel drillingMethodsSystematic searches were conducted of published literature up to November 2019 on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for studies comparing all-inside ACLR using suspensory cortical button fixation and full tibial tunnel ACLR. Two reviewers independently determined eligibility, extracted the outcome data, and assessed the risk of bias of the eligible studies. The clinical outcome and graft reruptures were pooled by using random effects with mean differences and risk ratios for continuous and dichotomous variables, respectively.ResultA total of nine studies (five randomized controlled trials and four comparative studies) involving 613 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The postoperative functional outcome, knee laxity measured with arthrometer, and graft reruptures were comparable between patients with all-inside ACLR using suspensory cortical button fixation and full tibial tunnel ACLR. However, a significantly greater thickness of autologous tendon was used and less change in drilling tunnel diameter was noted in patients with suspensory cortical button graft fixation.ConclusionsAll-inside ACLR with suspensory cortical button fixation was not clinically superior to full tibial tunnel ACLR with interference screw fixation in functional outcomes, knee laxity measured with arthrometer, or rerupture rate. However, the advantage of using suspensory cortical button fixation was that a thicker graft could be used for reconstruction, and brought less tibia tunnel widening compared with bioabsorbable interference screw fixation.
Linkage between commuting time and sickness absence in the context of China: transmission channels and heterogeneous effects
Authors: Zicheng Wang , Jiachun Liu , Guo Murong
Published: March 2020

Background

Most of employees in urban China have experienced a heavy commuting burden,which has become an urgent issue that should be solved in the process of new urbanization strategy. However, not only has the exploration of relationship between the commuting and sickness absence been still scant in China, but also there is no discussion made to analyze the mechanism linking the commuting time and sickness absence. To address these gaps, this study firstly investigates the commuting-absence effect as well as the potential transmission channel between them.

Methods

Using a unique dataset of 2013 Matched Employer-Employee Survey (CMEES) in China, we apply the zero-inflated negative binomial model to explore the nexus between the commuting and sickness absence. To discuss the potential mechanism linking commuting and sickness absence in the context of China, the estimations of the commuting on health-related outcomes and work efforts are performed by the OLS and Logit regression to discuss the mechanism.

Results

The empirical results reveal that the commute has a positive effect on sickness absence, while it is still robust against several specifications. More importantly, the commuting-absence effect is mainly transmitted through health-related outcomes of employees, whereas we find no clear evidence supporting the shirking behaviors. Additionally, the heterogeneous effects of commuting-absence are differentiated across the Hukou status, gender, transportation modes, scale of cities and types of enterprises.

Conclusion

The longer commute induces to lower productivities through the sickness absence, that is, the longer journey from home to work is positively related with the increasing sickness absence, which keeps in consistency with previous studies. And the potential effect of commute-sickness absence is mainly transmitted through their health-related outcomes. Additionally, the impacts of commute time on sickness absence are differentiated across the Hukou status, gender, transportation modes, scale of cities and types of enterprise.
Predicting parity progression ratios for young women by the end of their childbearing life
Authors: Rossa Agnieszka , Palma Agnieszka
Published: March 2020

Parity progression ratios (PPR’s) have been extensively described in literature on demography and have played an important role in fertility, unlike the idea of calculating projected parity progression ratios proposed by Brass (1985). However, we decided to use this method in our paper to analyse future fertility trends, firstly by assessing age-specific parity progression ratios for women in childbearing ages, and then by comparing these ratios with ratios at the end of women’s reproductive life, as well as by comparing the latter with the completed PPR’s. More specifically, the aim of this study is to adopt a modified Brass method to calculate the projected parity progression ratios using the age-period fertility data sourced from the Human Fertility Database (HFD). We progress to use the observed and predicted age-specific PPR’s to examine parity progressions in Poland as a case study.
Change-point detection in CO2emission-energy consumption nexus using a recursive Bayesian estimation approach
Authors: Awe Olushina Olawale , Adepoju Abosede Adedayo
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on the synthesis of conditional dependence structure of recursive Bayesian estimation of dynamic state space models with time-varying parameters using a newly modified recursive Bayesian algorithm. The results of empirical applications to climate data from Nigeria reveals that the relationship between energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission in Nigeria reached the lowest peak in the late 1980s and the highest peak in early 2000. For South Africa, the slope trajectory of the model descended to the lowest in the mid-1990s and attained the highest peak in early 2000. These change-points can be attributed to the economic growth, regime changes, anthropogenic activities, vehicular emissions, population growth and industrial revolution in these countries. These results have implications on climate change prediction and global warming in both countries, and also shows that recursive Bayesian dynamic model with time-varying parameters is suitable for statistical inference in climate change and policy analysis.
Generalized exponential estimators for the finite population mean
Authors: Zaman Tolga
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a new class of exponential-type estimators in simple random sampling for the estimation of the population mean of the study variable using information of the population proportion possessing certain attributes. Theoretically, mean squared error (MSE) equations of the suggested ratio exponential estimators are obtained and compared with the Naik and Gupta (1996) ratio and product estimators, the ratio and product exponential estimator presented in Singh et al. (2007) and the ratio exponential estimators presented in Zaman and Kadilar (2019a). As a result of these comparisons, it is observed that the proposed estimators always produce more efficient results than the others. In addition, these theoretical results are supported by the application of original datasets.
Incidencia del modelo pedagógico en la construcción del proyecto de vida de estudiantes de educación media rural
Authors: Alzate Ortiz Faber Andrés , López López Ángela Victoria , Loaiza Campiño Diana Clemencia
Published: March 2020

Se pudo concluir que los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, se manifiestan como prácticas desarticuladas del modelo pedagógico adoptado, debido a la autonomía que impera en los docentes, con respecto al empleo de sus estrategias de enseñanza. Del mismo modo, no existe una articulación de los intereses de los estudiantes con los propósitos de un modelo pedagógico concreto, lo cual, no garantiza la claridad en su proyección a futuro. Como estrategia pedagógica para articular los intereses de los estudiantes de educación media con los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje y el modelo pedagógico, se diseñó una unidad didáctica.
¿Qué hacen realmente las humanidades en ingeniería de sistemas?: confrontando la realidad en el marco de la universidad pública colombiana
Authors: Trejos Buriticá Omar Iván
Published: March 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio realizado con miembros de la comunidad académica de ingeniería de sistemas de diferentes universidades públicas colombianas cuyo propósito es develar el verdadero impacto de las Humanidades en el plan de estudio. Se acudió a estudiantes, docentes y egresados y, en unión con los elementos formales que las propuestas curriculares establecían, se indagó hasta dónde las Humanidades están cumpliendo con su papel en dicho programa de ingeniería confrontando lo propuesto con lo vivido, los resultados obtenidos parecieran indicar una distancia entre lo que se propone y lo que realmente se vive en el aula de clases, así mismo, se concluye que presencia de las asignaturas de Humanidades en un programa de ingeniería de sistemas es muy importante siempre y cuando los docentes, encargados de servirlas a los estudiantes, tengan consciencia del papel de éstas en dicho programa y así lo divulguen.
Algunos elementos para la formación en bioética, desde la reflexión y la acción pedagógica
Authors: Betancourt Cadavid Jorge Hernán
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es posibilitar una apuesta pedagógica, que otorgue elementos para la formación en bioética de quienes trabajan en la investigación tecnocientífica. El método propuesto para el tratamiento de esta labor es el hermenéutico, que no pretende garantía ni verificación exacta pues es una herramienta que permite el acceso comprensible, para la interpretación de lo comprendido. Se encuentran aquí los principios de la reflexión y la acción pedagógica que estructuran el marco de una teoría para la formación en bioética. A manera de cierre, se presentan posibilidades que se desprenden del estudio.
Aproximación a una propuesta metodológica para evaluar la sostenibilidad en el entorno de la vivienda social en Medellín
Authors: Valencia Londoño Diana Elizabeth , Bancroft Ruben
Published: March 2020

La gran mayoría de las alternativas y soluciones propuestas, adolecen de un enfoque holístico, que permita enfrentar el problema desde una óptica integradora como consecuencia, no se cuenta en la actualidad en la ciudad de Medellín, con una alternativa que permita suplir el déficit de vivienda digna, segura, económica y sostenible.  La duplicación de esfuerzos, el despilfarro de recursos y la ineficiencia en los procesos, se han convertido en una constante permanente de los proyectos que termina ofreciendo el Estado, el rechazo por parte de la comunidad y los usuarios ante las soluciones propuestas, genera un impacto social de grandes proporciones, que termina agudizando el problema existente.
Representaciones sociales de la violencia generada por el conflicto armado colombiano en estudiantes víctimas, de la institución educativa municipal Montessori del municipio de Pitalito-Huila
Authors: Guzmán Pacheco Juan Felipe
Published: March 2020

La presente investigación tiene como propósito identificar las representacionessociales hacia la violencia, de los estudiantes de la institución educativamunicipal Montessori del Municipio de Pitalito Huila. Los estudiantes, a pesarde que tienen información de los hechos violentos a partir de sus familias,reflejan representaciones sociales hacia la violencia con imágenes de muerte,asesinato, manipulación y privación, por cuanto fueron movilizados desus asentamientos originales por los grupos armados. Igualmente, se percibeninterpretaciones cognitivas de sentimientos de tristeza y miedo hacia laviolencia y deducen que la paz podría ser una opción para evitar estas situaciones.Con respecto a las relaciones sociales u opinión del entorno hacialos hechos de violencia, los entrevistados expresaron que el entorno hizocaso omiso de la situación y los medios de comunicación nunca expresaronapoyos hacia las víctimas.
La competitividad de las pymes en varias regiones de Colombia frente al postconflicto: una mirada de actores y expertos
Authors: Rueda Prieto John Alexander , López Ángel Juan Carlos , Vélez Bedoya Angel Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

Los expertos como los empresarios no perciben de manera optimista la innovación y la competitividad, en tanto las condiciones actuales no permitirán al empresariado responder a las expectativas nacionales del desarrollo en el contexto del postconflicto. De esta manera, no es suficiente con una baja absorción tecnológica y uso de computadores, es preocupante la baja percepción que se tiene de la ética del gobierno y de las firmas y la propiedad intelectual, así como la calidad de los puertos y aeropuertos, es baja la percepción del comercio exterior, así como de la sofisticación del mercado financiero, la protección al inversionista y la regulación de intercambios. Puede decirse que en este panorama las pymes colombianas no podrán responder a los desafíos del postconflicto como se propone a partir de la política pública y de los programas gubernamentales.
Los colores de los negros: una mirada a la clasificación social entre estudiantes de Tumaco, Colombia
Authors: Segura Castillo Yulian Fernando , Cerón Rengifo Carmen Patricia
Published: March 2020

Para analizar la clasificación social que de sí mismos expresan los estudiantes de una institución educativa en Tumaco, se realizó un acercamiento etnográfico acompañado de una reflexión a partir de la colectividad de argumentación de la inflexión decolonial. Se sugiere que existe una tendencia al blanqueamiento étnico-racial, en correspondencia, los estudiantes suelen categorizarse de acuerdo con una gradación de los colores de la piel, así entonces, una persona es mejor valorada dentro del endo-grupo cuanto más se acerca a la piel percibida como blanca. Tal situación no es nueva ni casual y atañe a las dinámicas de dominación cultural como efecto de la colonialidad.
Rostral Middle Frontal Volumetric Differences in Bipolar Offspring versus Community Controls Offspring
Authors: Palacio Juan David , Gomez-Valero Maria Alejandra , Bustamante-Gomez Paula Andrea , Arroyave-Sierra Pilar , Vargas-Upegui Cristian David , Pineda-Zapata Julian , Castrillon Gabriel , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Lopez-Jaramillo Carlos
Published: March 2020

Neuroanatomical findings in the anterior limbic network in bipolar disorder (BD) adults have not been replicated in other populations such as bipolar offspring (BO). The aim of this study was to compare some brain areas volumes between BO with and without a lifetime affective disorder (AD) to a group of community control offspring (CCO). Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was carried out, with multiple comparison groups. Seven subjects (11-17 years old) from the BO with AD group were compared to seven subjects from the BO without AD group and seven subjects from the CCO group (match by age, gender and Tanner stage). Magnetic resonance imaging was performed with a Philips 3 Teslas device and volumetric segmentation was performed with the Freesurfer image analysis suite. Results: A larger size was found in the right middle frontal rostral region in the BO with AD group compared to the other two groups (p = 0.041). A higher volume was also found in BO with AD group in the left pars opercularis (Cohen d = 0.63) and in the right cingulate isthmus (d = 0.53) when compared with BO without AD group, and in the right hippocampus (d = 0.53) when compared to CCO group. A smaller volume was found in the BO without AD group versus CCO group in the left anterior caudate (d = 0.6). The BO groups (with and without AD) compared to CCO have a higher volume in the right frontal pole (d = 0.52). These volumetric differences can be attributed to the condition of BO with AD.
Negative Emotions in Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mento Carmela , Rizzo Amelia , Muscatello Maria Rosaria Anna , Zoccali Rocco Antonio , Bruno Antonio
Published: March 2020

The main purpose of this study is to describe how negative emotions were investigated in the sphere of dermatological diseases, in order (1) to summarize literature trends about skin disorders and emotions, (2) to highlight any imbalances between the most studied and neglected emotions, (3) and to offer directions for future research. A computerized literature search provided 41 relevant and potentially eligible studies. Results showed that the study of emotions in skin disease is limited to Sadness/depression and Fear/anxiety. The emotions of Anger and Disgust have been poorly explored in empirical studies, despite they could be theoretically considered a vulnerability factor for the development of skin disorders and the dermatological extreme consequences, as negative emotionality toward self and the pathological skin condition. The bibliometric qualitative analysis with VOSViewer software revealed that the majority of the studies have been focused on the relationships between vitiligo and Sadness/depression, dermatitis and Fear/anxiety, psoriasis, and Anger, suggesting the need of future research exploring Disgust and, in general, a wider emotional spectrum.
Children and Young Anxiety Scale- CYAS: Scale Development and Psychometric Properties in Brazilian Sample
Authors: Soares Thiago Francisco Pereira , Baptista Makilim Nunes
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to search for evidence of validity based on the relationship with external variables, and incrementally for the Child-Youth Anxiety Scale (CYAS). The convenience sample consists of 500 children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years. The correlation between the scores of the CYAS factors and the scores of the instruments of the other constructs ADHD (MTA-SNAP-IV), anxiety (OQPS), rumination (QRR) and mood states (BRUMS) was initially performed, finding medium and strong correlations, which shows a satisfactory linear relation between the constructs to attest validity based on the relation with external variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was also performed with total MTA-SNAP-IV and its factors as criterion. In the modeling, it was possible to observe that, when introduced in the models, the CYAS becomes the latent variable with the greatest contribution, decreasing and canceling the OQPS contribution. These results affirm incremental validity for the CYAS.
The Mendelian Legacy to Mental and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Arcos-Burgos Mauricio , Cuartas Mauricio
Published: March 2020

Editorial
The antecedents of salesperson deviant behavior: the role of work meaningfulness
Authors: Sulistiawan Jovi , Ekowati Dian , Alfirdaus Zainiyah
Published: March 2020

Employees tend to engage in certain behavior, either good or deviant. Drawing from control theory, the employees’ behavior will be controlled as the organization can fulfill their needs. The ultimate objective of the study is to examine how Salesperson-Organization Fit will affect job stress and, in turn, salesperson deviant behavior. Besides, this study also examined how employees’ work meaningfulness moderates the relationship between job stress and workplace deviant behavior. This study employed hierarchical regression analysis and moderated regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Using 182 salespeople for both manufacturing and services companies, the results showed that Salesperson-Organization Fit negatively affects three types of deviant behavior: organizational deviance, interpersonal deviance, and frontline deviance. The results of this study also found a mixed result for job stress on deviant behavior. Job stress has a positive effect on organizational (β = 0.092; p < 0.1) and frontline deviance (β = 0.092; p < 0.05), while it has an insignificant effect on interpersonal deviance. Work meaningfulness only moderates the relationship between job stress and organizational deviance. AcknowledgmentThis work was supported by the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga research grants.
Utilization of a hydrate cellulose film for investigation of Arabidopsis thaliana L. root system growth and development
Authors: Konovalova I.O. , Kudelina T.N. , Smolyanina S.O. , Lilienberg A.I. , Bibikova T.N.
Published: March 2020

A new technique for Arabidopsis thaliana cultivation has been proposed that combines the use of a phytogel-based nutrient medium and a hydrophilic membrane of hydrate cellulose film, separating the root system of the plant from the medium thickness. Growth rates of both main and lateral roots were faster in the plants cultivated on the surface of hydrate cellulose film than in the plants grown in the phytogel volume. The location of the root system on the surface of the transparent hydrate film simplifies its observation and analysis and facilitates plant transplantation with preservation of the root system configuration. The proposed technique allowed us to first assess the effect of exogenous auxin on the growth of lateral roots at the 5-6 developmental stage.

methods to study plant root systems, hydrate cellulose film, A. thaliana, lateral roots, differential root growth rate, auxin

The work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project Bel_mol_a 19-54-04015) and the basic topic of the Russian Academy of Sciences - IBMP RAS «Regularities of the Influence of Extreme Environmental Factors on the Processes of Cultivation of Higher Plants and the Development of Japanese Quail Tissues at Different Stages of its Ontogenesis under the Conditions of Regenerative Life Support Systems».
Efficiency of the microbiological products based on Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderna harzianum in protection of spring barley from diseases in the North-West of Russia
Authors: Denisyuk E.S.
Published: March 2020

The efficacy of microbiological plant protection specimens based on Bacillus subtilis (Vitapan, SP) and Trichoderna harzianum (Trikhotsin, SP) was studied on such spring barley diseases as a root rot and Helminthosporium leaf spot. The use of these biological products in the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants of spring barley was ineffective, namely a decrease in the development of root rot and helminthosprium disease did not exceed 35%. A greater protective effect was achieved when using studied preparations for treating seeds with a low degree of infection with the main pathogen of root rot. The use of Vitaplan in a tank mixture with reduced consumption rates of the chemical fungicides was less effective than pure chemicals with full consumption rates: the decrease was 17% for root rot and 12.7% for Helminthosporium leaf spot. Thus, it is advisable to use mixtures of chemicals with the Vitaplan as a biological for treatment of seeds with an average degree of infection by root rot pathogens and a predicted moderate development of Helminthosporium disease.

spring barley, biological plantprotecting agents, root rot, protective efficiency.
FAMILY-CENTRED, GOAL-DIRECTED MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR LOWER EXTREMITY BOTULINUM TOXIN WITH PHYSICAL THERAPY AND REHABILITATION IN CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: SEYHAN Kübra , KEREM GÜNEL Mintaze , ÜNLÜ AKYÜZ Ece
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate lower extremity botulinum toxin (BT) and physical therapy
and rehabilitation (PTR) application scoping “family-centered, goal-directed multidisciplinary approach
(FGMA)” in the children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to assess the satisfaction of parents and children
from this approach.
Methods: A physician and physiotherapist evaluated 30 children (age=6.33±2.38 years) with ambulatory
CP and their parents using the FGMA. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual
Ability Classification System (MACS), and Communication Function Classification System (CFCS)
were used to define the functionality of children. Selectivity was assessed using the Selective Control
Assessment of the Lower Extremity (SCALE). Walking was evaluated using the Observational Gait Scale
(OGS) and the Gillette Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ). Satisfaction levels marked on the
Visual Analogue Scale.
Results: Nineteen (63%) children were GMFCS level III, 16 (53%) children were MACS level I, 19 (63.33%)
children were CFCS level I. Half of children had visual problems. While the most preferred muscles were
hamstring and gastrocnemius for BT, the most common device was ankle-foot orthosis. The median score
of SCALE, OGS, and FAQ, and the satisfaction of parents and children were 8 (4-17), 12 (2-24), 2 (1-10),
9 (7-10), and 7 (6-10) points, respectively. The satisfaction level of parents with the new approach was
higher than the previous traditional approach (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Both the parents and children may be satisfied with the FGMA for BT with the PTR program.
Clinicians should take into account lower extremity selectivity, walking performance, and satisfaction
levels as much as muscle tone or range of motion.
Key Words: Botulinum Toxin; Cerebral Palsy; Parent; Physical Therapy.
Synthesis, and characterization of chitosan bearing pyranoquinolinone moiety for textile dye adsorption from wastewater
Authors: Ibrahim Shaimaa M. , Hassanin Hany M. , Abdelrazek Marwa M.
Published: March 2020

A novel compound was synthesized by the reaction of the amino group of the chitosan with the formyl group of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-3-carboxaldehyde moiety, which produced chitosan modified with a Schiff base (chitosan Schiff base). The structure of the newly prepared composite was elucidated. Chitosan Schiff base was used to remove the textile anionic remazol red (RR) dye from wastewater. The kinetic data and adsorption isotherm were best fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Chitosan Schiff base resulted in 100% removal of carcinogenic dye at 2 min only with qm 344.8 mg/g, and may do the same for other anionic reactive dyes, thus avoiding secondary pollution.
Concurrent adsorption of cationic and anionic dyes from environmental water on amine functionalized carbon
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Zia Ur , Aslam Zaheer , Shawabkeh Reyad A. , Hussein Ibnelwaleed A. , Mahmood Nubla
Published: March 2020

Amine functionalized carbon (AFC) was synthesized from raw oil fly ash and later utilized it for simultaneous removal of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) pollutant dyes from aqueous medium. AFC was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to examine its morphology, porosity and structural characteristics, respectively. The effect of various process parameters like mixing time, pollutant concentration, adsorbent dose, initial solution pH, and temperature of the medium were investigated for dye removal process. The experimental findings showed that the percentage removal of Rh6G was higher than MO and both dyes showed synergism during the adsorption from binary dye solution. Pseudo-second-order model was most appropriate model for both dyes and thermodynamic parameters showed that the dyes removal process was endothermic in nature. Among various isotherm models, Hill and Toth isotherms best explain the adsorption of Rh6G and MO from binary dye solution.
Full-scale simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification process for treating swine wastewater
Authors: Ishimoto Chikako , Sugiyama Tsukasa , Matsumoto Toshimi , Uenishi Hirohide , Fukumoto Yasuyuki , Waki Miyoko
Published: March 2020

A full-scale swine-wastewater activated sludge treatment plant that contains naturally enriched anammox biofilms was investigated for 2 years. Red biofilm in this system included Planctomycetes at a maximum of 62.5% of the total bacteria diversity, including Candidatus Jettenia and Candidatus Brocadia. The plant was operated with an influent containing 1,104 ± 513 mg/L biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and 629 ± 198 mg/L total nitrogen (TN) (BOD/N of 1.78 ± 0.58) at a volumetric BOD loading rate of 0.32 ± 0.12 kg/m3/d. Notwithstanding drastically varying influent concentrations, BOD removal efficiency was stable at 95 ± 4%. However, TN removal fluctuated at 75 ± 14%. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the aeration tank were 0.06–2.0 mg/L. DO concentration greatly affected nitrogen removal, e.g. when DO was lower than 0.3 mg/L, total inorganic nitrogen removal was 61 ± 14% (≤20 °C), 78 ± 16% (20–30 °C), and 75 ± 12% (≥30 °C), whereas at higher DO concentrations, removal rates were 47 ± 13%, 55 ± 16%, and 68%, respectively. As BOD concentration in the influent was limited compared to nitrogen concentration, nitrogen was likely removed by simultaneous nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) under microaerobic conditions. Maintaining low DO concentrations would therefore be a simple method to improve nitrogen removal during SNAD processes for swine-wastewater treatment with fluctuating influent.
TURISMO E MUSEUS: UM OLHAR PARA O MEMORIAL DA AVIAÇÃO EM SERGIPE
Authors: Maria de Jesus Priscila , De Almeida Valença Cunha Barroso Cristina , Cardoso de Mello Janaina
Published: March 2020

A partir de uma discussão sobre comunicação em museus, busca-se traçar um paralelo entre o turismo e os museus, tendo como ponto de partida o Memorial da Aviação em Sergipe. Os dados apresentados foram obtidos por meio de revisão de literatura, prospecção tecnológica em bases de dados governamentais e análise de exposição. A compreensão das potencialidades de espaços de memória enquanto prestadores de serviço e potencializadores do turismo local, possibilita a discussão entre as convergências de duas áreas das Ciências Sociais Aplicadas: a Museologia e o Turismo.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL ENDÓGENO: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DAS TECNOLOGIAS COM FOCO NA TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL
Authors: Rios Dara Missão da Silva , Lima José Raimundo Oliveira
Published: March 2020

Este estudo propõe-se compreender em que medida os modelos de tecnologias contribuem de maneira mais acentuada para um desenvolvimento descentralizado nas cidades de pequeno porte, visto que cada vez mais ocupam importante papel como grandes influenciadoras nas sociedades contemporâneas. Assim, pretende-se responder a seguinte questão: Em que medida os modelos de Tecnologia Social e Tecnologia Convencional podem contribuir de maneira mais acentuada para o Desenvolvimento Local Endógeno dos municípios de pequeno porte? Em busca de uma resposta ao problema foi utilizada a pesquisa qualitativa, com o intuito de examinar as contribuições teóricas e exemplos verídicos relacionados à influência das tecnologias sobre o Desenvolvimento Local Endógeno. O método aplicado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, que implica em um conjunto ordenado de procedimentos de busca por soluções, aprofundado no determinado tema. O estudo mostrou que as tecnologias contribuem para o desenvolvimento econômico endógeno, sendo perceptível que a Tecnologia Convencional está mais voltada para o desenvolvimento exógeno com um enfoque na industrialização de um mercado capitalista e a Tecnologia Social para um desenvolvimento endógeno que permite uma expansão descentralizada com foco mais humanista nos municípios de pequeno porte contribuindo para a renda local.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL NO ALTO VALE DO JEQUITINHONHA – ARTESANATO E TURISMO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Bertholi Anderson , Bertholi Cibele
Published: March 2020

Espaços como o Vale do Jequitinhonha carregam consigo ingredientes que combinam verti- calidades e horizontalidades, sociedade e ambiente, drama e esperança. Nesse sentido, bus- camos traduzir o Alto Vale do Jequitinhonha Mineiro enquanto espaço de combinações entre a pobreza no rural - explorada pelas verticalidades da atividade canavieira de São Paulo - e a riqueza do rural - aﬂorada pelas horizontalidades traduzidas pela arte das “viúvas de maridos vivos” da Comunidade de Coqueiro Campo, município de Turmalina. Para isso, utilizamos a perspectiva da formação sócio-espacial, como opção de método, para se pensar a espa- ciologia daquele lugar, ou seja, de que forma ocorrem as interações entre diferentes escalas e, de que forma aﬂoram novos tipos de organizações sócio-produtivas enquanto estratégias de superação de um drama histórico, impulsionado pelo que intitulamos “externalidades hegemônicas”. Cabe destacar que, esse movimento têm contribuído para a manutenção de duas faces do desenvolvimento local, uma atrelada à transferência garantida e minguada de renda das atividades de colheita da cana, e outra, mais recente, que é resposta e grito, da transformação do barro em arte nas “Bonecas do Vale”, carregadas do mineral e do drama, particulares da região. Esse artesanato, entendido aqui como o terroir do Alto Vale, tem impulsionado o turismo a partir da hospedagem solidária e da vivência com as práticas de coleta e manipulação do barro. Peças e histórias que já conquistaram reconhecimento internacional e têm contribuído para o resgate da esperança e para a formação de importante fatia de renda às famílias camponesas-artesãs.
Tree Nuts and Peanuts as a Source of Natural Antioxidants in our Daily Diet
Authors: Amarowicz Ryszard , Pegg Ronald B.
Published: March 2020

Tree nuts and peanuts are healthy foods with a proven track record of helping to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases, most notably cardiovascular disease. At the point of consumption, all nuts contain low moisture and ≥ 50% lipid contents, but this is where similarities end. The levels of key nutrients and bioactives including vitamin C, vitamin E, L-arginine, minerals (such as selenium and zinc), and phenolics can differ markedly. Distinctions in the types and quantities of phenolic constituents for tree nut species, as well as the impact of digestion, will affect the nuts’ antioxidant potential in vivo. This work provides some insight into the different types of phenolics found in tree nuts and peanuts, the antioxidant potential of their phenolic extracts using in vitro chemical assays, the effect of thermal processing on the stability of the nuts’ endogenous phenolics, and the impact on biomarkers of human health arising from randomized clinical trials. Key biomarkers include measures in the reduction of LDL oxidation as well as increases in the levels of vitamin E and selected phenolic compounds in blood plasma postprandially from those of baseline.
The Complex Link Between Schizophrenia and Dementia: Targeting Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B.
Published: March 2020

Background:

Considering a consistent body of evidence has been showing that schizophrenia patients
have had an increased risk of developing dementia. The hypothesis that dementia and schizophrenia share a complex
link, is emerging. It is highly discussed that dysregulations related to Ca2+ signalling, e.g., an increase of the
intracellular concentration of Ca2+, could link both diseases, in addition to cAMP signalling pathways.

Objective:

Thus, revealing this interplay between schizophrenia and dementia may provide novel insights into the
pathogenesis of these diseases.

Methods:

Publications involving Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways, dementia and schizophrenia (alone or
combined) were collected by searching PubMed and EMBASE.

Results:

Both Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling) control the release of neurotransmitters/
hormones and neuronal death, and dysregulations of these cellular processes may be involved in both diseases.

Conclusion:

Bearing in mind the experience of our group in this field, this article debated the involvement of
Ca2+/cAMP signalling in this link between schizophrenia and dementia, including its pharmacological implications.
Mechanisms of Medicinal Plant Activity on Nitric Oxide (NO) Bioavailability as Prospective Treatments for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Malekmohammad Khojasteh , Sewell Robert D.E. , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: March 2020

Background and objective:

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of human morbidity globally and reduced bioavailability of vascular nitric oxide (NO) has a critical role in the progression and development of the atherosclerotic disease. Loss of NO bioavailability, for example via a deficiency of the substrate (L-arginine) or cofactors for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), invariably leads to detrimental vascular effects such as impaired endothelial function and increased smooth muscle cell proliferation, deficiency of the substrate (Larginine) or cofactors for eNOS. Various medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds or secondary metabolites with fewer side effects are potentially implicated in preventing cardiovascular disease by increasing NO bioavailability, thereby ameliorating endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we describe the most notable medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds that may be appropriate for enhancing NO bioavailability, and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Methods:

The material in this article was obtained from noteworthy scientific databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar.

Results:

Medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds influence NO production through diverse mechanisms including the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, activating protein kinase C (PKC)-α, stimulating protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), reducing the conversion of nitrite to NO via nitrate-nitrite reduction pathways, induction of eNOS, activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine threonine protein kinase B (AKT) (PI3K/AKT/eNOS/NO) pathway and decreasing oxidative stress.

Conclusion:

Medicinal plants and/or their constituent bioactive compounds may be considered as safe therapeutic options for enhancing NO bioavailability and prospective preventative therapy for atherosclerosis.
MiR-493 Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Prostate Cancer Cells through Regulation on PHLPP2
Authors: Deng Jun , Ma Ming , Jiang Wei , Zheng Liangliang , Cui Suping
Published: March 2020

Background:

MiR-493 promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer (PC) cells by targeting
PHLPP2. We aimed to explore the relationship between miR-493 and autophagy in PC.

Methods:

qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA levels and protein expression
of miR-493, PHLPP2, autophagy gene BECN1 and ATG7 in PC cells. The autophagy gene expression
was determined after PC cells transfected with miR-493 precursor or PHLPP2 precursor. Corresponding
changes of autophagy phenotype and PC cell function were also studied.

Results:

The mRNA levels and protein expression of miR-493, PHLPP2, BECN1 and ATG7 in PC
cells were significantly decreased in PC cells. Overexpression of miR-493 or PHLPP2 markedly upregulated
the expression levels of BECN1 and ATG7 in PC cells. Overexpression of miR-493 and
PHLPP2 markedly promoted autophagy, and inhibited the invasion and cloning formation of PC cells.

Conclusion:

MiR-493 is a potent inducer of cytotoxic autophagy that leads to prostate cancer inhibition
by regulating on PHLPP2.
Effects and Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid on Weight Loss
Authors: Zhong Yanchun , Ding Yueling , Li Laiqing , Ge Meina , Ban Guangguo , Yang Hongxia , Dai Jun , Zhang Licheng
Published: March 2020

Background:

Chlorogenic Acid (CA) has diverse, recognized health effects.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the effects of CA on fat reduction and the underlying mechanism
of these effects.

Materials and Methods:

First, we established a Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity
mouse model and subjected the mice to 4 weeks of CA gavage. Then, we established an oleic acidinduced
model of human fatty liver in HepG2 cells, and administered a CA intervention to the cells for
48 h. Finally, we used Oil red O staining, biochemical detection kits, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis
to evaluate the effects of CA on fat reduction and on related pathways.

Results:

The CA treatment could reduce fat accumulation in the liver and reduce blood lipid levels. In
addition, CA decreased the mRNA and protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
gamma, coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) and Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) in the MSG-induced obesity
mouse model and the oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells.

Conclusion:

Based on the above results, we deduced that CA could reduce body weight and fat deposition
in vitro and in vivo and that the mechanism may be related to the PGC-1α/UCP-1 pathway. CA
can be developed as a drug to lower blood lipids and to treat obesity.
A Comprehensive Insight Towards Pharmaceutical Aspects of Graphene Nanosheets
Authors: Emadi Fatemeh , Emadi Arash , Gholami Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Graphene Derivatives (GDs) have captured the interest and imagination of pharmaceutical
scientists. This review exclusively provides pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics information
with a particular focus on biopharmaceuticals. GDs can be used as multipurpose pharmaceutical delivery
systems due to their ultra-high surface area, flexibility, and fast mobility of charge carriers. Improved
effects, targeted delivery to tissues, controlled release profiles, visualization of biodistribution
and clearance, and overcoming drug resistance are examples of the benefits of GDs. This review
focuses on the application of GDs for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Also, the pharmacokinetic
properties and the advantage of using GDs in pharmaceutics will be reviewed to achieve a comprehensive
understanding about the GDs in pharmaceutical sciences.