bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAP1 modulates osteogenic differentiation via the ERK/Runx2 cascade in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Bai Weiwei , Cheng Meijuan , Jin Jingjing , Zhang Dongxue , Li Lanmei , Bai Yaling , Xu Jinsheng
Published: November 2022

Background Osteoblast phenotypic transition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been unveiled as a common cause of vascular calcification (VC). Krüppel-Associated Box (KRAB)-Associated Protein 1(KAP1) is a transcriptional corepressor that modulates various intracellular pathological processes from gene expression to DNA repair to signal transduction. However, the function and mechanism of KAP1 on the osteoblastic differentiation of VSMCs have not been evaluated yet.
Methods and results We demonstrate that the expression of KAP1 in VSMCs is significantly enhanced in vivo and in vitro calcification models. Downregulating the expression of KAP1 suppresses the osteoblast phenotypic transition of VSMCs, which is indicated by a decrease in the expression of osteoblast marker collagenase type I (COL I) and an increase in the expression of VSMC marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Conversely, exogenous overexpression of KAP1 could promote osteoblast phenotypic transition of VSMCs. Moreover, KAP1 upregulated the expression of RUNX family transcription factor 2 (Runx2), an inducer of osteoblast that positively regulates many osteoblast-related genes, such as COL I. Evaluation of the potential mechanism demonstrated that KAP1 promoted osteoblast phenotypic transition of VSMCs by activating the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway, which could activate Runx2. In support of this finding, KAP1-induced cell osteoblast phenotypic transition is abolished by treatment with PD0325901, a specific ERK inhibitor.
Conclusions The present study suggested that KAP1 participated in the osteoblast differentiation of VSMCs via the ERK/Runx2 cascade and served as a potential diagnostics and therapeutics target for vascular calcification.
C3N Nanodots Impede Aβ Peptides Aggregation Pathogenic Path in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yin Xiuhua , Zhou Hong , zhang mengling , Su Juan , wang xiao , Li Sijie , Yang Zaixing , Kang Zhenhui , Zhou Ruhong
Published: November 2022

Despite accumulating evidence that the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly associated with the aggregation of Aβ peptides. Still, FDA has approved only one anti-aggregation-based therapy over the past several decades. Here, we report the discovery of an Aβ peptide aggregation inhibitor: an ultra-small nanodot called C3N. C3N nanodots alleviate aggregation-induced neuron cytotoxicity, rescue neuronal death, and prevent neurite damage in vitro. Importantly, they reduce the global cerebral Aβ peptides levels, particularly in fibrillar amyloid plaques, and restore synaptic loss in AD mice. Consequently, these C3N nanodots significantly ameliorate behavioral deficits of APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice. Moreover, analysis of critical tissues (e.g., heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) display no obvious pathological damage, suggesting C3N nanodots are biologically safe. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations also reveal the inhibitory mechanisms of C3N nanodots in Aβ peptides aggregation and its potential application against AD.
Genomic exaptation and convergent evolution paved the way to independent subterranean colonization across beetle lineages
Authors: Balart-García Pau , Aristide Leandro , Bradford Tessa , Beasley-Hall Perry , Polak Slavko , Ribera Ignacio , Cooper Steven , Fernandez Rosa
Published: November 2022

Adaptation to life in caves is often accompanied by dramatically convergent changes across distantly related taxa, epitomized by the loss or reduction of eyes and pigmentation. Nevertheless, the genomic underpinnings underlying the evolution of cave-related phenotypes are largely unexplored. We investigated genome-wide gene evolutionary dynamics in three distantly related beetle tribes with at least six instances of independent colonization of subterranean habitats, inhabiting both aquatic and terrestrial underground systems. Our results indicate that remarkable genomic changes mainly driven by gene family expansions occurred prior to underground colonization in the three tribes, suggesting that genomic exaptation may have facilitated a strict subterranean lifestyle parallelly across beetle lineages. The three tribes experienced both parallel and convergent changes in the evolutionary dynamics of their gene repertoires. These findings pave the way towards a deeper understanding of the genomic toolkit of hypogean fauna from a macroevolutionary perspective.
Effect of target thickness and laser irradiance on the Back-reflection-enhanced laser- induced breakdown spectroscopy signal in glass
Authors: Elhasaan Asmaa , Harith Mohamed , Abdelhamid Mahmoud
Published: November 2022

In the work that is being presented here, the effect of sample thickness and laser irradiance on the reduction of the signal-to-background ratio SBG and the plasma parameters, specifically electron temperature and electron density, is being investigated using back-reflection-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ( BRELIBS). Copper and silver discs that had been highly polished were attached to the back surface of the glass target, and the Nd-YAG laser beam that was focused on the front surface of the target was tuned to its fundamental wavelength. The thicknesses of the transparent glass samples that were analysed were one millimetre, three millimetres, and six millimetres. One is able to achieve a range of different laser irradiance levels by adjusting the working distance that exists between the target sample and the focusing lens. The end result of this is that the signal-to-background ratio in the BRELIBS spectra of thicker glass samples is significantly lower as compared to the ratio in the spectra of thinner glass samples. In addition, a significant influence of modifying the laser irradiance (by increasing the working distance on the SBG ratio) is seen at various glass thicknesses for both BRELIBS and LIBS, with BRELIBS having a better SBG. Nevertheless, the laser-induced plasma parameter known as the electron temperature has not been significantly impacted by the decrease in the glass thickness.
The significance of cellular senescence hub genes in the diagnosis and subtype classification of a comprehensive database of gene expression in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Liu Fei , Yin Ji , Wang Zhaoqiang , Cheng Kang , Song Chao , Cai Weiye , Guo Daru , Gao Silong , Jiang Yan , Liu Zongchao
Published: November 2022

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a complex age-related physiological change involving mainly cellular senescence (CS), inflammation, impaired tissue biomechanical function, and degradation of the extracellular matrix, and is a major cause of lumbar disc herniation and low back pain. Nonetheless, the specific role of CS and its associated genes in IVDD remains unclear. In this study, we first obtained 53 differentially expressed CS-related genes (CSRGs) by differential analyses of IVDD patients and non-IVDD patients from the GSE124272 and GSE150408 microarray expression datasets of the GEO database. We then performed GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on these 53 CSRGs to explore their functions and pathways. To find the key genes from these 53 CSRGs, we first built a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to recognize hub genes, and then on top of that we also applied the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm, random forest (RF) algorithm, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. We finally obtained 4 hub CSRGs (DUSP3, MAPKAPK5, SP1 and VEGFA) to forecast the risk of IVDD. Based on the four hub genes we previously obtained, we built a nomogram model and performed a decision curve analysis, which ultimately suggested that the model was beneficial to patients. Based on the selected 4 hub CSRGs, we classified IVDD patients into two Hub gene patterns (hub gene clusters A and B) by the consensus clustering method, while the 297 DEGs obtained by screening based on the two hub gene clusters were classified into two gene patterns using the same method. We then applied a PCA algorithm to determine Hub gene scores for each sample to measure Hub gene patterns and found that patients in cluster A had higher Hub gene scores than those in cluster B. We also showed the correlation of two Hub gene patterns and Gene patterns with immune cell infiltration and the differential expression levels of four Hub genes by constructing heat maps and histograms. We performed GO enrichment analysis on these 297 DEGs to explore their role in IVDD. Finally, we used qPCR analysis and western blot to verify the expression levels of mRNA and protein in normal and IVDD cells of 4 hub CSRGs. In summary, CSRGs play an important role in the pathogenesis of IVDD, and our study of the hub gene cluster may guide future therapeutic strategies for IVDD.
Under Recognition and Treatment of Lymphedema in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors – A Database Study
Authors: Stubblefield Michael D. , Weycker Derek
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Head and neck cancer (HNC) will be diagnosed in approximately 54,000 Americans in 2022 with more than 11,000 dying as a result. The treatment of HNC often involves aggressive multimodal therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy. HNC and its treatments are associated with multiple painful and function-limiting neuromusculoskeletal and visceral long-term and late effects. Among these is head and neck lymphedema (HNL), the abnormal accumulation of protein rich fluid, in as many as 90% of survivors. Though HNL is common and potentially contributory to other function-limiting issues in this population, it is notoriously understudied, underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. This study seeks to determine the incidence of HNC-related lymphedema diagnosis and treatment in a large US healthcare claims repository database.
Methods: A retrospective observational cohort design and data from an integrated US healthcare claims repository—the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters (CCAE) and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits (MDCR) Databases spanning the period April 1, 2012 through March 31, 2020.
Results: Of the 16,654 HNC patients eligible for evaluation, 1,082 (6.5%) with a diagnosis of lymphedema were identified based on eligibility criteria. Of the 521 HNC patients evaluated for lymphedema treatment, 417 (80.0%) patients received 1.5 courses of MLD, 71 (13.6%) patients were prescribed compression garments, and 45 (8.6%) patients received an advanced pneumatic compression device.
Conclusion: HNL in this population of HNC survivors was underdiagnosed and treated compared with contemporary assessments HNL incidence.
Bridging the gap: Can a patient questionnaire together with staff education increase diagnostics of endometriosis in primary care? -A pilot study
Authors: Westin Maria Öberg , Wikberg Carl , Björkelund Cecilia , Ariai Nashmil , Lindahl Ann-Christine , Hange Doninique
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To evaluate if a brief educational intervention for primary health care staff regarding endometriosis gives sustainable knowledge of endometriosis symptoms and if a brief questionnaire for women seeking care for common symptoms is feasible in the Swedish primary care context.
Design: Pilot study
Setting: 3 primary care centres (PCCs) in Sweden. Exploring knowledge among staff about endometriosis at baseline and 3 months after an information workshop. Evaluation of feasibility of a brief questionnaire for women seeking care for common symptoms For PCC personnel: knowledge about endometriosis at baseline and after 3 months. For patient questionnaire: whether adequate, understandable, acceptable, and feasible.
Participants: Females in primary care centre waiting room, and staff members at participating PCCs.
Results: The knowledge level of endometriosis was improved or sustained after 3 months compared to baseline among staff at PCCs. Over 90% of the patients stated that the questionnaire was adequate, understandable, acceptable, and feasible.
Conclusion: We found that an educational programme improved the staff’s knowledge about endometriosis. The programme together with the patient questionnaire could be a way to enhance knowledge about endometriosis among PCCs. This combined effort might facilitate earlier detection and treatment of women with endometriosis.
Association of nocturia with estimated glomerular filtration rate: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Song Jianling , Ke Ben , Fang Xiangdong
Published: November 2022

Background
Nocturia is a manifestation of systemic disease, of which chronic kidney disease is an independent predictor of nocturia because of its osmotic diuretic mechanism. However, to our knowledge, previous studies have not examined the relationship between nocturia and eGFR.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the association between nocturia exposure and eGFR in the general US population.
Methods
Our study was a cross-sectional examination of 12,265 regular Americans who took part in the rvey NHANES between 2005 and 2018. After controlling for gender, age, race, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, ALT, AST, TG, CHOL, HDL, LDL, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, alcohol consumption, tobacco use and PHQ9 score, a multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the association between nocturia and eGFR. Covariate-specific hierarchical analysis and interaction testing were performed. A sensitivity analysis was then conducted between the CKD group, the non-CKD group, and the various CKD prognostic risk groups.
Results
Multiple regression analysis showed that the frequency of nocturia increased by 1 time, and eGFR decreased 2.0 mL/min/1.73m2 (95%CI: -2.4, -1.7). Compared with no nocturia, the decrease of eGFR was the most significant 4 times per night (95%CI: -10.7, -5.4). Our results remained stable in the CKD and non-CKD groups. Within all CKD prognostic risk groups, only the moderately increased risk and low-risk groups had comparable results.
Conclusions
Increased frequency of nocturia was associated with a decrease in eGFR, regardless of the diagnosis of CKD. However, no correlation between nocturia and eGFR was observed in very high risk and high risk groups.
The Next Generation Fornax Survey (NGFS): Satellite Environmental Regions.
Authors: Blaña Matías , Puzia Thomas , Ordenes-Briceño Yasna , Tissera Patricia , Mora Marcelo , Ziliotto Tuila , Miller Bryan , Johnston Evelyn , Eigenthaler Paul , Galaz Gaspar , Pallero Diego
Published: November 2022

All satellite galaxies experience environmental secular evolution as they are accreted onto their host systems. Observations and simulations indicate that the closer they are to their hosts, the higher their dark matter densities are. Using the NGFS deep photometric observations of 630 satellites in the Fornax galaxy cluster we discover that their mean stellar densities also show such anti-correlation with their distances to the cluster center, correlating with the host tidal density field, up to a transition radius at ℜ★ ≈ 0.4𝑹vir (400 kpc), beyond which the stellar densities increase again. Comparisons with satellites of a Fornax-type cluster in the TNG50 simulation reveal a similar break at ℜ★ ≈ 0.5𝑹vir in deprojection, while their mean dark matter densities keep decreasing with distance to their host. Moreover, the relative fraction of gas-rich satellites and gaseous densities decrease significantly within ℜ★. We expand our analysis to satellites in different environments probing the more massive Virgo cluster, and also the less massive Milky Way and Andromeda systems, finding a similar behavior and transition radius in units of 𝑹vir for each system of satellites, with ℜ★ ∼ 0.4 − 0.6𝑹vir. This transition radius, if universal, could provide a useful observational diagnostic tool to identify the regions where the cluster environment would have processed the baryonic component of the accreted satellites more strongly, and where the more pristine population would be located. Finally, we suggest the utility of calibrating ℜ★ as a possible photometric virial mass estimator.
Correlates of Posttraumatic Stress in Cancer Patients and Their Family Caregivers Across Two Years Following Diagnosis
Authors: Mitchell Hannah-Rose , Antoni Michael H. , Shaffer Kelly M. , Kim Youngmee
Published: November 2022

Purpose: A major illness is traumatic for patients and families, posing risk for disease-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). There is little available information to identify the cancer patients and caregivers at greatest risk for PTSS. This study examines the risk factors of PTSS in colorectal cancer.
Method: Patients with colorectal cancer and their caregivers (N=130 dyads) self-reported sociodemographic, psychosocial, and medical factors at diagnosis/treatment initiation (T1), at 1- (T2), and 2-years (T3) post-diagnosis. Cancer-related PTSS of intrusion, avoidance, altered arousal and reactivity (IES-R), and negative alterations in cognitions and mood (investigator-developed measure) were assessed. Path analysis examined associations between proposed correlates and PTSS.
Results: Among patients, higher neuroticism and greater physical symptom distress were concurrently associated with higher PTSS (Bs> 0.10, ps< .02); greater physical symptom distress at T1 and greater social support at T2 were associated with higher PTSS at T3 (Bs≥ 0.37, ps≤ .04). Among caregivers, female gender, higher neuroticism (Bs> 0.12, ps<.01), and lower social support (Bs< -0.24, ps< .02) were associated with higher concurrent PTSS; lower patient physical symptom distress and social support at T1 (Bs< -0.27, ps< .03) and longer hours spent for caregiving at T2 (B= 0.03, p=.05) were associated with higher PTSS at T3.
Conclusions: Findings identify cancer-specific risk factors (physical symptoms, hours caregiving) unique to cancer patients and caregivers, in addition to established risk factors (female, neuroticism, social support) in non-medical populations.
Implications for Cancer Survivors: The identified subgroups should receive ongoing screening and psychosocial referral for cancer-related PTSS.
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3, which contributes to skin barrier function, is downregulated by single nucleotide polymorphisms predominantly in females with early-onset psoriasis
Authors: Nojiri Yuka , Nakamura Motoki , Magara Tetsuya , Yamamoto Aya , Ikumi Kyoko , Nakamura Reiko , Nishida Emi , Haarmann-Stemmann Thomas , Morita Akimichi
Published: November 2022

The principal pathology of psoriasis is impaired skin barrier function, epidermal thickening, and granular layer loss. Exposure to extrinsic factors such as tobacco smoke and air pollutants is associated with the development of psoriasis. Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHRs) are activated by extrinsic factors associated with the development of psoriasis and act as transcriptional regulators. Expression of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3 in the epidermal spinous layer regulates epidermal keratinocyte differentiation via the AHR signaling pathway. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AKR1C3 are associated with the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The proportions of rs12529 G/C, C/C variants and rs12387 A/A, A/G variants were 2-fold higher in Japanese psoriasis patients (n = 231) compared with a Japanese healthy cohort. The SNPs were significantly more common than the majority variants in female patients with disease onset ≤ 22 years of age. Patients with rs12529 G > C and rs12387 A > G SNPs exhibited significantly lower AKR1C3 expression and higher expression of late differentiation markers. In conclusion, AKR1C3 downregulation caused by rs12529 G > C and rs12387 A > G SNPs in the epidermis induces abnormal early differentiation of keratinocytes and skin barrier dysfunction, which may contribute to the genetic pathogenesis of psoriasis in young females.
(2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine restores postsynaptic localization of AMPAR in the prelimbic cortex to provide sustained pain relief
Authors: JIN Tingting , Ng Hei Lui Lhotse , Jiang Yanjun , Ho Idy , Zou Yidan , Li Qian , Zhang Lin , Chen Huarong , Wang Jie , Zhou Jingying , Gin Tony , Wu William , Chan Matthew , Liu Xiaodong
Published: November 2022

Neuropathic pain is a difficult-to-treat pain condition that can affect patients for years. (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (R-HNK) is a ketamine metabolite without dissociative effects and has been evaluated as an alternative to ketamine in chronic pain management. The mechanism of action remains elusive. Here we report that repeated systemic or contra-prelimbic cortex (PrL) infusion of R-HNK in the acute stage of nerve injury produces sustained pain relief for at least 14 days in the mouse spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain. Transcriptomic analysis suggests that SNI is associated with increased Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) signaling, abnormal dendritic spine organization, and reduced α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) activity in PrL. Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) is identified as the top gene in the leading-edge analysis of the gene set. R-HNK administration abolishes these transcriptomic changes. Further studies confirm the transcriptome findings. Finally, we show that enhancing PrL activity by R-HNK increases PrL-periaqueductal gray (PAG) connectivity, which is essential for R-HNK-mediated pain relief. Our study highlights AMPAR suppression due to continuous Bdnf/Arc elevation in PrL as a mechanism of central sensitization after SNI. R-HNK can recalibrate Bdnf/Arc/AMPAR axis and restore PrL-PAG connectivity to induce sustained alleviation of neuropathic pain.
Decreased liver damage in rat models of short bowel syndrome through DPP4 inhibition
Authors: Sueyoshi Ryo , Furuhashi Nanami , Ishii Junya , Yamaguchi Ryusuke , Kawakami Marumi , Tanabe Kenji , Segawa Osamu
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Total parenteral nutrition causes liver damage in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS), in whom intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is the strongest risk factor for mortality. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4-Is) for nutritional absorption and intestinal barrier function enhancement. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of DPP4-Is in preventing liver damage in SBS rat models.
Methods
Rats were allocated to one of five groups: normal saline (NS) + sham, DPP4-I + sham, NS + SBS, DPP4-I + SBS, and GLP-2 + SBS. DPP4-I or NS was administered orally once daily. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and total bile acid levels were measured to assess liver function. Moreover, we evaluated liver damage using the SAF (steatosis activity fibrosis) score, which is also used to assess nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Results
ALT levels and SAF scores were significantly lower in the DPP4-I + SBS group than in the NS + SBS group. Jejunal and ileal villus heights were significantly higher in the DPP4-I + SBS group than in the GLP-2 + SBS group.
Conclusions
The downregulation of ALT levels and SAF scores triggered by DPP4-I use may be correlated with DPP4-I-induced adiposis inhibition in SBS and NASH models. Therefore, DPP4-I may be used to reduce IFALD in patients with SBS.
Association of the body mass index with poor outcome at discharge in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A registry study and literature review
Authors: Oku Shinichiro , Ikawa Fusao , Hidaka Toshikazu , Matsuda Shingo , Ozono Iori , Horie Nobutaka , Yamaguchi Shuhei
Published: November 2022

Although several studies have reported on the impact of the body mass index (BMI) on the functional outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), the relationship is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the risk factors of poor outcome of aSAH including the BMI and summarize past reports that referred to the BMI and functional outcome after aSAH. Between 2010 and 2017 at Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 860 patients with aSAH were enrolled in the registry. Basic patient characteristics including the BMI, data related to aSAH, and blood samples were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors of poor outcome, which was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score > 2 at discharge. In addition, we summarized studies reporting the relationship between the BMI and aSAH. In 393 patients of our study, age (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.14), both underweight (2.65; 1.23–5.73) and overweight (2.31; 1.08–4.93), World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade, and symptomatic vasospasm (4.17; 2.00–8.69) were risk factors for poor outcome at discharge. Compared to findings of the other past studies in our literature review, underweight association with a risk factor for poor outcome was a new finding. In conclusion, not only a higher BMI but also a lower BMI were associated with a poor outcome at discharge for patients with aSAH.
Coupling of Liquid and Surface Chemistry in Urea SCR Systems
Authors: Kuntz Christian , Jägerfeld Paul Jakob , Mmbaga Joe , Hayes Robert E. , Deutschmann Olaf
Published: November 2022

Close-coupled selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are one method to deal with tightening emission legislation for NOx in internal combustion engines. Due to smaller mixing sections and at unfavourable boundary conditions, however, urea-water solution (UWS) droplets can impact on the SCR catalyst itself. To investigate this phenomenon further, this work develops a modeling capability of this process. Established mechanism for NH3-SCR and HNCO hydrolysis from literature are integrated into DETCHEMCHANNEL and a 2D COMSOL model to simulate the influence in the SCR Channel. Simulations are validated against end-of-pipe experiments from literature and spatially resolved concentration profiles from a hot gas test rig with very good agreement. Finally, a channel simulation is coupled with a model to describe the catalytic decomposition of an urea droplet. The coupled simulation is able to simulate the influence of UWS droplet impact onto a catalyst channel. Fast droplet decomposition causes a peak in NH3 and HNCO in the single channel and thus increases NOx conversion. However, the overall uniformity and efficiency is decreased, which is why droplet impact on the catalyst should be strictly avoided.
Active Learning Entropy Sampling Based Clustering Optimization Method for Electricity Data
Authors: qingnan Wang , zhaogong Zhang
Published: November 2022

Clustering is a crucial part in the field of data mining, and common clustering methods include division-based methods, hierarchy-based methods, density-based methods, and grid-based methods. In order to improve the accuracy of clustering, an optimization study is made mainly for the division-based method FCM clustering, and an FCM clustering method that integrates active learning and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed. The method first uses principal component analysis to reduce the dimensionality of the data to reduce the computation of electricity data, then trains the sample model by active learning, and introduces the entropy (Entropy) method in the uncertainty sampling method, the larger the entropy means the greater the uncertainty of the sample, and the smaller the entropy means the smaller the uncertainty of the sample, so as to filter the electricity data, and finally the electricity data are clustered by FCM clustering The power data is finally categorized by FCM clustering, and with the proliferation of power data, the power data can be more accurately categorized using this method to achieve the stability of the power grid as well as the utilization rate. Experimental results on three datasets show that this method improves the accuracy of power data clustering by up to 2 percentage points compared to the traditional clustering method without active learning, and achieves good results in each dataset compared to other methods.
Trends in Global Health Research among Universities in China: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Wu Chenkai , Yan Lijing L. , Long Qian , Liu Yunguo , Tan Jie , Lou Zhexun , Tang Shenglan
Published: November 2022

Background: We have witnessed considerable progress in developing global health education and research in China. Nevertheless, evidence of the progress of Chinese universities’ contributions to global health research is limited. More efforts are needed to depict the progress Chinese universities have collectively made in advancing the field of global health. This study aimed to examine Chinese universities’ collective contributions to global health research by describing the longitudinal trends in global health research publications, uncovering research themes in global health, and exploring collaboration patterns.
Methods: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted for original research studies of the ten founding members of the China Consortium of Universities for Global Health, one of the largest networks of global health research and education in China.
Results: We found that (1) the number of research publications in the field of global health has steadily increased from 2014 to 2020, (2) non-communicable disease was the most popular research topic, accounting for over one-third of total publications, followed by maternal and child health and neurological and mental disorders and diseases, (3) less than one-fifth of papers involved primary data collection, with the majority of the study populations from low-income and lower-middle-income countries in Asia and Africa, and (4) a sizable collaboration network has been established with co-authors from over 200 oversea universities or organizations, with about one third from the US.
Conclusions: More concerted efforts by multiple stakeholders, including government, private sectors, funding agencies, academic institutions, and researchers, are needed to advance the development of global health research in China.
Changes of CD27 - and CD38 + in IFN-γ + CD4 + T cells stimulated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigen ESAT-6/CFP-10 before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment Running title: CD27 - and CD38 + in IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells for monitoring the efficacy of anti- TB treatment
Authors: Fang Yong , Tang Yuan , Wang Na , Luo Qiao-Xia , Tang Liang , Yang Xiao-Jun , Zhang Jing-Bo , You Xiao-fang , Wang Yu-Chun , Su Bo , Sha Wei
Published: November 2022

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the CD27-CD38+ in IFN-γ+CD4+T cells stimulated by the specific antigen ESAT-6/CFP-10 could be a potential new therapeutic evaluation indicator for anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment.
Methods: Newly diagnosed active pulmonary TB patients, latent TB infection (LTBI) and healthy controls were enrolled from January 2021 to December 2021. PTB patients were treated by standard anti-TB regimen 2HREZ/4HR. The difference of CD27-CD38+ in IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells before treatment, 2 months after treatment, and 6 months after treatment were compared.
Results: The CD27-CD38+ in IFN-γ+CD4+ T cells decreased significantly after anti-TB treatment and was comparable with that in LTBI and healthy controls when the 6-month anti-TB treatment course was completed. The decline rate of CD27-CD38+ between 6 months after treatment and base line was positively correlated with ESR (r=0.766, P<0.0001) and chest CT severity score (r=0.632, P=0.0005). The area under ROC curve of CD27-CD38+ in distinguish PTB patients before and after treatment was 0.779.
Conclusion: The CD27-CD38+ in ESAT-6/CFP-10 stimulated IFN-γ+CD4+T cells can well reflect the changes of the disease before and after anti-TB treatment, which is expected to be a potential new therapeutic monitoring biomarker.
Clinical Registry number：chiCTR1800019966
An analysis of vectorised automatic differentiation for statistical applications
Authors: Kwok Chun Fung , Zhu Dan , Jacobi Liana
Published: November 2022

Automatic differentiation (AD) is a general method of computing exact derivatives in complex sensitivity analyses and optimisation routines in settings that lack closed-form solutions, thus posing challenges for analytical and numerical alternatives. This paper introduces a vectorised version of AD that builds on matrix calculus. This more transparent and efficient version of AD promotes its use in a wider range of statistical and econometric applications that require accurate and fast algorithms for the computation of derivatives when performing frequentist and Bayesian inferences. Numerical studies are presented to demonstrate the efficacy and speed of the proposed AD method compared with the numerical derivative scheme by exploiting, for example, sparse matrix representations and high-level optimisation techniques.
JEL classifications: C11, C53, E37
An Irrefutable Unambiguous Insights Into Zygomatic Air Cell Defect (Zacd)
Authors: PATIL KARTHIKEYA , J SANJAY C , SURYA LAKSHMINARAYANA KAIYOOR , DODDAWAD VIDYA GOWDAPPA , S GIRISH M , SHASTRY SHILPA PADAR
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE
Zygomatic air cell defect of temporal bone, have been characterized as the auxiliary air cells in the zygomatic process and articular eminence of the temporal bone.
They present as unresectable findings in the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and articular tubercle and is crucial as they signify regions of weak resistance and the spread of disease.
Comprehension about the decrepit regions in the Zygomatic bones with CBCT, the imaging of choice in maxillofacial disorders for its superior 3D anatomical reconstruction and minimal distortion, is indispensable in the diagnosis, treatment planning and placement of Endosseous or Basal Dental implants to elude complications.
METHOD
154 CBCT images of subjects aged 18 to 70 years with optimal diagnostic quality and area coverage satisfying the selection criteria without the history of maxillofacial fractures, pathologies, anomalies involving the middle one third of the face were analysed.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of ZACD was in 16 (10.4%) subjects with 9 in females (56.25%) and in 7 males (43.75%). The men to women ratio was 1:1.28. It was also revealed that bilateral incidence of ZACD was more common and the prevalence of ZACD the highest 8 (50%) in the age group of 21 -30 yrs.
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the importance of research on the prevalence of the ZACD on CBCT which were exiguous in the pastand compares with similar studies done using panoramic radiographs and pave a way for more studies employing CBCT to justify the findings we have expressed.
Current status and perspectives of interventional clinical trials for brain metastases: analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Tini Paolo , Marampon Francesco , Giraffa Martina , Bucelli Samira , Niyazi Maximilian , Belka Claus , Minniti Giuseppe
Published: November 2022

Background: The management of brain metastases (BM), the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, is becoming an emerging area of interest. Surgery, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), have historically been the main focal treatments for BM. However, the introduction of innovative targeted- and immune-based therapies is progressively changing the paradigm of BM treatment, resulting in an increase in clinical trials investigating new therapeutic strategies.
Methods: Using ClinicalTrials.gov, the largest clinical trial registry with over 400,000 registered trials, we performed an analysis of phase II and phase III ongoing trials evaluating different systemic therapies, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery given alone or in combination in patients with BM.
Results: One hundred sixty-eight trials, 133 phase II and 35 phase III; the largest part having primarily the curative treatment of patients with BM from lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma, were selected. One hundred sixty-three trials used systemic therapies. One hundred thirteen used tyrosine kinase inhibitors, more frequently Osimertinib, Icotinib and Pyrotinib, 50 used monoclonal antibodies, more frequently Trastuzumab, Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab, 20 used conventional chemotherapies whilst no oncological active drugs were used in 6 trials. Ninety-six trials include RT; 54 as exclusive treatment and 42 in combination with systemic therapies.
Conclusions: Systemic targeted- and/or immune-based therapies, combined or not with RT, are increasingly used in the routine of BM treatment. SRS is progressively replacing WBRT. All these trials intend to address multiple questions on the management of patients with BMs, including the recommended upfront treatment for different cancer histologies and the optimal timing between systemic therapies and radiation regarding brain control and neurocognitive outcome and quality of life.
Nanoparticles reactions in cervical cancer: Challenge and hope
Authors: Devi V . Anusha , V Kalaiselvi
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a co-precipitation and thermal breakdown approach was used to create a CuO/SnO nano-composite using CuO, NiO, and SnO as precursors. Sol-gel synthesis was used to create nickel oxide (NiO) nano-particles. The XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis) were used to analyze the nano-composites as-prepared; CuO and SnO have wurtzite crystal structures that are cubic and hexagonal, respectively, as seen by the XRD diffractogram of a CuO/SnO nano-composite. The existence of CuO and SnO was verified by FTIR bands in the CuO/SnO nano-composite. The concept of CuO nano-particles mixed with Hibiscus flower reacted as anti-cancer property.
On the Faithfulness of Conditional Probability Estimates: A Multi-objective Approach
Authors: Blanzeisky William , Cunningham Padraig
Published: November 2022

Estimating conditional probabilities from data samples is the building block of many machine learning algorithms. However, these estimates often do not reflect the true underlying distribution. With ML systems becoming more ubiquitous in high-risk decision making, it is critical to investigate how the predictions made by the algorithm can misrepresent the actual data distribution. To this end, we explore the notion of underestimation bias that captures the extent to which a learned model predictions deviate from the true distribution. Since fixing underestimation bias may come at the cost of accuracy, we propose a multi-objective optimization strategy to obtain a diverse set of models with members representing different accuracy/faithfulness tradeoffs. We empirically evaluate our framework on two synthetic and twelve real-world datasets. We show that our framework can address underestimation bias while still maintaining adequate overall generalization accuracy.
Restoration Measures of the Riparian Vegetation of the Black Volta Basin in the Lawra Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Yahaya Abdul-Kadri , Augustine Liebo
Published: November 2022

The study resorted to the mixed methods research approach in data collection, analysis and presentation. Computed values of Shannon Wienner index ( 0.686) and Simpsons Index ( 1.5328) shows that the riparian vegetation of the Black Volta Basin in the Lawra Municipality has dwindled due livelihood activities as compared to Shannon Index ( 1.6406) and Simpson Index (3.5511) of the riparian vegetation of the Burkina Fasso site across the Black Volta Basin. The reduction in vegetative cover of the Black Volta Basin in the Lawra Municipality is confirmed by satellite images which demonstrates dwindling riparian vegetation in the year 2020 and 2021 as compared to the year 2000 and 2001. It is also disclosed by the current study that, restoration of the riparian vegetation of the Black Volta Basin in the Lawra Municipality is a collaborative effort of local and external stakeholders. The current study also reveals that, measures put in place to restore the riparian vegetation are complete ban of farming activities within the riparian zone, creation of buffer zone, promotion of natural regeneration and complete ban on logging in the riparian zone. It is however noted that, complete ban of farming activities within the riparian zone and creation of buffer zone are the most effective measures of restoration. The study recommends that, the Lawra Municipal Assembly Should empower anti-bushfire squads in all the settlements along the Black Volta Basin to execute their resposibilities of preventing bushfires in the riparian zone
A Survey of Software Metrics for Transitioning to An Updated Version of The Current Existing Framework Or A New Framework
Authors: Islam Md. Rafid , Rahman Ratun , Ahmed Akib , Jany Rafsan
Published: November 2022

A software framework is an abstraction that allows to selectively update software that provides generic functionality by adding additional code written by the user. It is basically a physical or conceptual structure that is used to support or guide the construction of something that grows the structure into something productive. Many effective software teams start with frameworks as their foundation. Bundled code libraries, software modeling, APIs, and a myriad of other capabilities which are included in these frameworks make programming considerably faster and more effective. So, software engineers often delve into various frameworks for development and other purposes. A survey has been conducted and opinions from teachers, students, and developers were solicited. This paper examines the results of the poll and tries to explain what software engineers, students, or seasoned developers experience when switching to a new framework in the middle of a project.
Assessment of Motivational Status and Associated Factors among health workers in public Hospitals in North Shewa Zone, 2021
Authors: abebe Endegena
Published: November 2022

Background : a health worker were motivated and express job satisfaction if they feel that they were effective at their jobs and performing well. Factors contributing to motivation and job satisfaction also include strong career development, an adequate compensation, and adequate working and living conditions.
Objective: Assessment of Motivational Status and Associated Factors among health workers in public Hospitals in North Shewa Zone, 2021/22.
Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study design were conducted in four selected Public Hospitalsbased on the trends on the duration of health workers and factors motivating them.The type of study design was employed in this study is a quantitative and qualitative design to KII through survey study. A total of 316 health care providers took part in this study. More than half, 198 (62.7%) of the respondents were females, while 147 (49.7%) of them were in the age range of 25–29 years with mean (SD) age of 29.62 (5.27) with 20 and 54 years of minimum and maximum values.From the total (n=316) of health professionals the prevalence of motivation was 29.7 %. This motivation percentage vary between professions categories from least 9.2 % to highest 25.9% in Midwifery and Nurses health professionals respectively. But others professionals (anesthesia, radiographers, optometric nurse, dentistry and physiotherapist. HIT, MH etc. 29(16.7%) were motivated.In this study from total study participants of selected public hospitals for work performance perceived was 47.2%supposed that work was well done/ performed and this performance lowest in physician/doctors/ 8.1% highest 32.2% among nurse where majority (53.3%) of them perceived not well done (Table 3).
The Overall job satisfaction of health professionals in the selected health facilities was 44.3% and ranging from least 6.4% to highest 33.6% ,Midwifery and Nurses respectively with (AOR=2(1.2-3.2)).
Determinant of the Cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome in Friedreich Ataxia
Authors: destrebecq  , comet  , deveylder  , alaerts  , naeije
Published: November 2022

Background
Individuals with Friedreich Ataxia (FRDA) display significantly lower performances in many cognitive domains with a pattern of impairment that falls within the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS).
Objective
Assess in a large cohort of individuals with FRDA the main determinant of the CCAS using multiple variable regression models.
Methods
This is a Monocentric observational study that included 39 individuals with FRDA. Ataxic Motor symptoms were evaluated with the SARA and cognitive functions with the CCAS-Scale (CCAS-S). Age, SARA, GAA1, Age of symptoms onset (ASO), Age and disease duration (DD) were chosen as covariates in a linear regression model to predict CCAS-S failed items and covariates in a logistic regression model to predict definite CCAS.
Results
Patients mean age, SARA score, ASO, DD and GAA1 were respectively of 29±14, 22±10, 14±11, 15±9 and 712±238 (4 point-mutations). Mean CCAS-S raw score was of 86±16, mean number of failed items was 2.9±1.6. Twenty-three individuals had definite CCAS.
The multiple linear regression model with Age, SARA, ASO, DD & GAA1 as covariates was statistically significant to predict CCAS-S failed items. The SARA was the only significant coefficient in regression models for predicting CCAS-S failed items number and the definite CCAS occurrence.
Conclusions
CCAS is highly prevalent in adult individuals with FRDA. CCAS is predicted by ataxic motor symptoms severity. This finding supports common core cerebellar pathophysiology in both cognitive and motor symptoms in FRDA and warrants screening for CCAS, especially in patients with SARA > 20.
An explicit model for micro-strain distribution inside nanoparticle structure
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Ahmed Sabry
Published: November 2022

The importance of nanotechnology is enlarged day by day and to tolerate the nanoparticles to do what we hope, the existence of explicit modeling for nanostructure is necessary. Considering the strain inside the nanoparticle is the major subject that changes the point of view to the unique properties of the material on the nano-scale. Williamson-Hall, Stocks-Wilson, Debye-Scherrer, Halder-Wagner, and SSP methods are used essentially to insure the material particle size falls at the nano-level, they treat the broadening in the XRD peak as a sum of Gauss and Lorentz diffraction probability function. In this work, modeling for nanostructure as a liquid drop where surface tension controls the particle position, the strain controls the geometry and spacing of the lattice parameters, the number of the diffraction planes is used instead of the line intensity and shows Gaussian-like (or Lorentzian-like) function which investigated with numerical analysis. The model writes an equation about the broadening, peak position, and lattice parameters to estimate the crystalline size and strain exponent. Williamson-Hall, Stocks-Wilson, and Debye-Scherrer can be explained as an approximation for this model and the negative strain is explained, possible approximations can show Halder-Wagner and SSP another face of the strain distribution model equation.