bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fully arthroscopic treatment of medial Hoffa fracture associated with anterior cruciate ligament tear: case report and surgical technique
Authors: Sun Xiaoliang , Qiu Jiandi , Jiang Songli , Lin Lan , Yang Jun , Wu Fanghui , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2021

A Hoffa fracture is a rare intra-articular injury consisting of a coronal plane fracture of one or both of the distal femoral condyles. Because of the rarity of medial Hoffa fractures, only a few reports have described this injury and its arthroscopic management. In this article, we present a rare case involving a 32-year-old man with a displaced medial Hoffa fracture associated with a proximal anterior cruciate ligament tear. He was treated by a single-stage fully all-inside arthroscopic technique. Arthroscopic-assisted internal fixation ensured fragment stability and enabled us to visualize the fracture reduction, monitor the screw insertion, and reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament tear at the same time. This technique is a novel but demanding treatment method for medial Hoffa fractures and is particularly useful for properly selected patients with associated intra-articular knee injuries.
Comparison of invasive intubation and noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Guo Hong , Ding Fang , Cui Zhaobo , Zhang Juxiang , Wang Jing , Yuan Yadong
Published: December 2021

Objective

The concurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is defined as overlap syndrome (OS), but investigations into predictors of OS in patients with COPD remain limited. Here, potential markers of OS in patients with COPD were investigated, and results of intubation were compared between patients with COPD only or OS.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients with COPD who were divided according to OS diagnosis: COPD only (COPD group) or OS (OS group).

Results

Among 206 patients with COPD, 120 were diagnosed with OS. Mean body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the OS versus COPD group (28.95 ± 2.96 versus 23.84 ± 4.06, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that BMI was associated with OS (area under the curve, 0.835). The rate of invasive intubation within 48 h was lower in the OS versus COPD group (9.2% versus 20.9%, respectively), and the duration of noninvasive ventilation was longer in the OS versus COPD group.

Conclusions

BMI may be a predictor of OS in patients with COPD. The duration of noninvasive ventilation was longer in patients with OS than in patients with COPD alone.
Standardization of Cephalograms Obtained From Various Imaging Systems
Authors: Balachandran Rajiv , Sennimalai Karthik , Duggal Ritu
Published: December 2021

Objective

To propose and validate a method for standardizing and printing cephalograms acquired from different imaging systems.

Methods

Validation of the proposed method was done using digital cephalograms, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-derived cephalograms, and direct measurements obtained from 3 dry human skulls. Each cephalogram was analyzed as-received and after standardization, using both manual and digital methods. 3-dimensional (3D) measurements were also computed from the CBCT images. After adequate blinding, 2 observers independently carried out all these measurements at 2 different times. Finally, the different cephalometric measurements of each skull were compared with the corresponding direct measurements (gold standard).

Results

The as-received digital cephalogram showed an inherent magnification of 33%, as determined from the calibration ruler. Compared to direct skull measurements, the as-received conventional and CBCT-derived cephalograms printed without standardization showed a reduction in measures of around 14% and 28%, respectively, whereas measurements obtained from cephalograms, which were standardized and printed by the proposed method, were comparable to direct measurements.

Conclusions

The findings of the validation study demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method in standardizing different cephalograms before printing.
A National Survey of Palliative Care Team Compositions
Authors: Chen Joseph , de la Rosa Allison , Lai Dejian , De La Cruz Maxine , Zhukovsky Donna , Revere Lee , Lairson David , Wermuth Paige , Hui David
Published: December 2021

Objective: It is unclear how well palliative care teams are staffed at US cancer centers. Our primary objective was to compare the composition of palliative care teams between National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers and non-NCI-designated cancer centers in 2018. We also assessed changes in team composition between 2009 and 2018. Methods: This national survey examined the team composition in palliative care programs at all 61 NCI-designated cancer centers and in a random sample of 60 of 1252 non-NCI-designated cancer centers in 2018. Responses were compared to those from our 2009 survey. The primary outcome was the presence of an interprofessional team defined as a palliative care physician, nurse, and psychosocial member. Secondary outcomes were the size and number of individual disciplines. Results: In 2018, 52/61 (85%) of NCI-designated and 27/38 (71%) non-NCI-designated cancer centers in the primary outcome comparison responded to the survey. NCI-designated cancer centers were more likely to have interprofessional teams than non-NCI-designated cancer centers (92% vs 67%; P = .009). Non-NCI-designated cancer centers were more likely to have nurse-led teams (14.8% vs 0.0%; P = .01). The median number of disciplines did not differ between groups (NCI, 6.0; non-NCI, 5.0; P = .08). Between 2009 and 2018, NCI-designated and non-NCI-designated cancer centers saw increased proportions of centers with interprofessional teams (NCI, 64.9% vs 92.0%, P < .001; non-NCI, 40.0% vs 66.7%; P = .047). Conclusion: NCI-designated cancer centers were more likely to report having an interprofessional palliative care team than non-NCI-designated cancer centers. Growth has been limited over the past decade, particularly at non-NCI-designated cancer centers.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and the Gig Economy: Why the Employee vs. Contractor Debate Matters More than Ever
Authors: Veliotis Stanley , Steve Balsam
Published: December 2021

The issue of whether workers are independent contractors or employees has become even more relevant with recently enacted and proposed legislation and court cases in many jurisdictions seeking to impose employee status on many Gig economy workforce participants, such as ride-share drivers. This article emphasizes that the U.S. income tax rules, especially after tax reform effective in 2018, makes employee status extremely tax-inefficient for these workers. This article explains the relevant tax law changes and provides various examples of typical settings to confirm that workers with even small relative work expenses are often better off as contractors from a tax point of view.
Metaphor: Meanings and Humanbecoming Metaphorical Truths
Authors: Parse Rosemarie Rizzo
Published: December 2021

The purposes of this paper are to briefly describe the meaning of metaphor from a variety of sources, to show its ubiquitous and creative nature, to share some examples used in common parlance and scholarly works, and to elaborate the meaning of metaphor from a humanbecoming perspective with three metaphorical truths—semantic resonance, coherent integrity, and magical transfiguring. Metaphor is a linguistic way of conveying an idea in poetic language with words and phrases articulated as complete ideas with the use of unusual words that normally have different meanings. Metaphor has been used often in literary narratives and poetry to clarify meaning. Many authors offer ideas about what a metaphor is and how it should be used. Some of those are presented in this article.
Health Policy and Community Change Concepts as Metaphors
Authors: Ortiz Mario R.
Published: December 2021

Policy development, implementation, and maintenance are central to the “carrying-out” of healthcare within organizations and communities. Nurses play an important role in not only developing meaningful policies with constituents but in also providing explanations that “make sense” to all persons involved. This “sense making” may be facilitated by the use of metaphors. In this paper, the author explores Parse’s (2021) community change concepts as metaphors that may enhance policy development and understanding.
A Book Review of The Humanbecoming Paradigm: An Everchanging Horizon, by Rosemarie Rizzo Parse (2021). Discovery International Publications
Authors: Malinski Violet M.
Published: December 2021

The author in this article provides a book review of Rosemarie Rizzo Parse’s The Humanbecoming Paradigm: An Everchanging Horizon.
The Mirror of Scholarship
Authors: Kabigting Edwin-Nikko R.
Published: December 2021

The author in this paper explores the concept of scholarship in the humanbecoming paradigm and connects it to his own reflections after reading The Humanbecoming Paradigm: An Everchanging Horizon.
The Revelation of Beauty in Nursing
Authors: Phillips John R.
Published: December 2021

A recent insight into the attributes of beauty is used to show its relations to nursing science and its theories and paradigms. It is indicated how insight into beauty came from energyspirit perceptions-experiences of feelings from art objects. Rogers and her science of unitary human beings are viewed from the attributes of beauty. It is recommended nursing consider beauty as a concept for the advancement of nursing science.
Watson’s View of Nursing Science Quarterly’s 35th Anniversary
Authors: Watson Jean
Published: December 2021

This paper celebrates NSQ over the past 35 years, acknowledging its role in advancing and sustaining nursing as a distinct discipline, guided by unique knowledge, theories, and a maturing nursing science paradigm. A play on the number 35 can be considered significant and symbolic in numerology—as 35 represents the number 8. Eight represents wholeness, infinity, harmony, and leadership—all characteristics that NSQ has stood for as a leading nursing science publication.
Remembering Elizabeth Ann Manhart Barrett, RN; PhD; FAAN, Her Life and Legacy
Authors: Malinski Violet M.
Published: December 2021

This is a tribute to Dr. Elizabeth Ann Manhart Barrett, creator of the Power as Knowing Participation in Change theory and research tool. Her life is described in her own words via the obituaries she wrote for her family to share in various venues. This is followed by a tribute from Dr. Violet Malinski, a friend and colleague of Dr. Barrett.
Self-Reported Sensory Impairments in Older Adults and their Association with Self-Rated Health and Mortality Outcomes
Authors: Steinman Bernard A. , Tabler Jennifer , Mittlieder Casandra M. , Whitlock Bremen , Goodman Carrie E.
Published: December 2021

Objectives

This study assessed the relationship between self-reported impairments of vision, hearing, and dual sensory impairment, and change in self-rated health/mortality status over a 5-year period.

Methods

Data came from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, a nationally representative survey of Medicare beneficiaries ages 65 and older. Analyses consisted of a series of ordinal logistic regressions stratified by sex.

Results

For both women and men, self-reported sensory impairments were not statistical predictors of self-rated health/mortality, when other dimensions of health, such as physical functioning, participation, and activities of daily living functioning were included in models.

Discussion

Understanding how self-reported sensory impairments impact self-rated health could assist in targeting rehabilitation strategies to older adults who experience sensory impairments.
Implications of irregular transnational adoptions within international standards: A review of intercountry adoption systems and Guatemalan birthmother perspectives
Authors: Monico Carmen
Published: December 2021

With growing global emergencies, child abduction became a concern in countries of origin and reception of transnationally adopted children. Improved regulations and standards to prevent child trafficking exhibit failures to ensure the best interest of children and the principle of subsidiarity. The article reviews relevant literature documents the Guatemalan birthmothers’ experiences and documented child theft, deception by trafficking networks, fraudulent adoptions, and familial coercion. Human rights and child welfare system implications drawn may be relevant to irregular transnational adoptions elsewhere.
Irregularities in transnational adoptions and child appropriations: Challenges for reparation practices
Authors: Molinero Aranzazu Gallego , Clemente-Martínez Chandra Kala
Published: December 2021

Transnational adoption is a global movement of children across borders to new permanent and irreversible legal relationships. It is a circulation that involves social, economic, cultural and political relations marked by geographies of inequalities of power on a global scale. Many of these circulations have been shrouded by illicit practices which mean the violation of child rights. This special issue of the journal Childhood examines individual, social and political narratives on illicit processes surrounding this practice. Drawing from social and political sciences research, the contributors of this collection show the contradiction between ‘silences’ around certain practices in some societies, while in others ‘truth recovery’ has been central to the transition towards democracy. The authors raise concerns about policies and practices that complicate the interests and rights of individual actors.
A novel permanent magnet bias hybrid thrust magnetic bearing with extremely simple structure for high-speed rotating machinery
Authors: Wang Haoze , Wu Zhigang , Liu Kun , Wei Jingbo , Hu Hongjing
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a novel permanent magnet (PM) bias hybrid thrust magnetic bearing (HTMB), which can be used to replace the traditional thrust magnetic bearings (TMBs) for high-speed rotating machinery. By adding two PM rings and by reducing the number of the control coils by half, this HTMB eliminates the bias current, reduces the number of amplifiers, and minimizes the magnetic bearing’s structure complexity and power consumption. The analytical modelling method of the HTMB is presented in this paper. Mathematical models for calculating the magnetic force capacity and the stiffnesses of this bearing are derived as simplified formulae, which can be used for the design, analysis, and control of this bearing. Electromechanical characteristics of the HTMB are analyzed, which is compared to the traditional TMB to demonstrate the advantages of the HTMB. The prototype of the HTMB is designed, analyzed, and fabricated, whereas, the 2-D FEM is used to verify the design and the analytical model. Finally, an experimental setup is constructed and tested. The analytical and experimental results indicate that the proposed novel topology of this HTMB is feasible and the presented analytical model is accurate.
Redistributive preferences: Why actual income is ultimately more important than perceived income
Authors: Weisstanner David , Armingeon Klaus
Published: December 2021

An emerging consensus claims that ‘subjective’ (mis)perceptions of income inequality better explain redistributive preferences than actual ‘objective’ conditions. In this article, we critically re-assess this view. We compare perceived and actual income positions as predictors for preferences for redistribution. We argue that perceived income is partly endogenous to actual income and its effect on preferences conditional on ideology. Using an original survey experiment from Switzerland, we show that the predictive power of perceived income is lower compared to actual income. Perceived income is only associated with redistribution preferences among centre-right respondents, but not among left-wing respondents. Furthermore, providing respondents with corrective information about their true position in the income hierarchy has no effect on redistribution preferences. These findings go against the new consensus about the superior explanatory power of subjective perceptions of income inequality. We argue instead that absolute objective conditions should be at the centre of explaining redistributive preferences.
Complete Restoration of Motor Function in Acute Cerebral Stroke Treated with Allogeneic Human Umbilical Cord Blood Monocytes: Preliminary Results of a phase I Clinical Trial
Authors: Lee Tian-Kuo , Lu Cheng-You , Tsai Sheng-Tzung , Tseng Pao-Hui , Lin Yu-Chen , Lin Shinn-Zong , Wang Jonas C , Huang Chih-Yang , Chiu Tsung-Lang
Published: December 2021

Stem cell therapy has been explored for the treatment of cerebral stroke. Several types of stem cells have been investigated to ensure the safety and efficacy in clinical trials.

Cryopreserved umbilical cord blood (UCB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) obtained from healthy donors have a more stabilized quality, thereby ensuring a successful therapy. A phase I study was conducted on patients aged 45–80 years who sustained acute ischemic stroke. An UCB unit was obtained from a public cord blood bank based on ABO/Rh blood type, HLA matching score (6/6), and cell dose (total MNC count of 0.5–5 × 107 cells/kg). In addition, to facilitate blood brain barrier penetration of UCB, 4 doses of 100 mL mannitol was administered intravenously after 30 min after UCB transplantation and every 4 h thereafter. The primary outcomes were the number of disease (GVHD) within 100 days after transfusion. The secondary outcomes were changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Barthel index, and Berg Balance Scale scores. A 46-year-old male patient with identical ABO/Rh blood type, HLA matching score of 6/6, and MNC count of 2.63 × 108 cells/kg was enrolled. The patient did not present with serious AEs or GVHD during the 12-month study period. The patient’s NIHSS score decreased from 9 to 1. Moreover, the Berg Balance Scale score increased from 0 to 48 and the Barthel index score from 0 to 90. This preliminary study showed that an adult patient with hemiplegia due to ischemic stroke completely recovered within 12 months after receiving allogeneic UCB therapy.
The judicial finetuning of the EU rules determining the applicable social security legislation
Authors: van der Mei Anne Pieter , van Ooij Eva
Published: December 2021

The conflict rules enshrined in Regulation 883/2004 on the coordination of social security were created six decades ago to offer those who exercise free movement rights ‘constant social security protection’. The main idea was to ensure that beneficiaries are always subject to the legislation of a single Member State and to indicate which Member State that was. Because beneficiaries were above all ‘standard’ employees working on a full-time basis for an indefinite period of time, it was initially quite easy to determine the ‘competent’ Member State. The processes of flexibilization, digitalization, enlargement and globalization, however, have posed new and often formidable challenges. In today’s dynamic labour market it is often particularly difficult to identify the applicable legislation, issues arise as regards swift and frequent switches in the applicable legislation, increased worker and company mobility may affect social security rights and problems have arisen because of the possible fraudulent use of the rules determining the applicable legislation. This contribution analyses some of the recent CJEU case law on topics like working in to or more Member States, posting, abuse and fraud, employment and/or residence outside the EU and gaps in in social security protection by EU workers. The overarching question is how, in the view of the CJEU, the classic conflict rules are to be applied so as to ensure cross-border movers continue to enjoy constant social security protection.
A jurisdictional collision? Responses to family violence and family law in the ACT
Authors: Easteal Patricia , Bartels Lorana , Dodd Shannon , White Jessica
Published: December 2021

There has long been concern about the dynamics and inadequacies that may arise when the federal family law system intersects with state and territory civil responses to family violence. We explore the intersection of these two legal regimes in this article. Our findings are part of a larger project examining the Family Violence Act 2016 (ACT) that included interviewing both professional stakeholders and those with lived experience. Findings include a number of ways in which the safety of victim/survivors and their children could be jeopardised (or placed at risk) due to disharmony and communication issues between the two regimes.
NSW parliament’s oversight of human rights in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cho Joseph
Published: December 2021

New South Wales (NSW) relies on a robust application of the Westminster system of government for its human rights protection. In 2020, the system was subjected to a major stress test via the COVID-19 pandemic, with new public conditions imposed on previously unregulated individual freedoms. The author examines the extent to which human rights featured in NSW parliament’s oversight of the 2020 pandemic response and finds it inadequate. The author concludes that the case study demonstrates a need for the state’s human rights protection model to be reconsidered.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Among Children and Adolescents with Cleft lip and Palate: A Survey Study in Hong Kong
Authors: Ho A. C. H. , Savoldi F. , Wong R. W. K. , Fung S. C. , Li S. K. Y. , Yang Y. , Gu M.
Published: December 2021

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) risk and related risk factors among children and adolescents of Hong Kong with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P).

Design

Retrospective survey study adopting three questionnaires, obstructive sleep apnea-18 (OSA-18), pediatric sleep questionnaire-22 (PSQ-22), and modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

Settings

Multicenter study in two public hospitals.

Patients

A total of 351 Chinese children and adolescents with non-syndromic CL/P (6-18-year-old, 57% males) visited between September 2017 and November 2019, with primary palatal repair surgery done before 3-year-old.

Main Outcome Measure

Positive OSAS risk was determined based on cut-off ≥60 for OSA-18, ≥8 for PSQ-22, and >8 for ESS. Age, sex, overweight presence, cleft type, embryonic secondary palate involvement, palatal repair surgery, palatal revision surgery, and orthodontic treatment were analyzed as possible risk factors.

Results

A total of 9.5% of patients had positive OSAS risk based on OSA-18, 13.6% based on PSQ-22, and 13.2% according to ESS. A higher prevalence of patients with positive OSAS risk was of younger age (OSA-18, p = .034), had cleft involving embryonic secondary palate (PSQ-22, p = .009), and history of fixed orthodontic treatment (ESS, p = .002). The regression model identified only involvement of embryonic secondary palate as a risk factor (PSQ-22, odds ratio = 3.7, p = .015).

Conclusions

OSAS risk among children and adolescents of Hong Kong with CL/P was 9.5% to 13.6%. Patients at higher risk were those with cleft involving embryonic secondary palate. OSAS risk assessment may be influenced by different aspects of the disease spectrum, and a multimodal approach should be considered for such assessment.
Participant Vocabulary Use and Selection Differences in Serial Versus Parallel Presentation of Product Reaction Cards
Authors: Spinelli Michelle , Kelling Nicholas , Morris Mark , Neira David , Convento Silvia , Deleanu Evelina
Published: December 2021

This study looks at the effects on users’ choices when presented with Product Reaction Cards (PRC) in parallel and sequential order. Participants were given brief tasks on two websites and presented with PRC in parallel or sequential order to describe their sentiments. We found that participants selected 25% more words in the sequential condition, including the selection of more positive words (23%). However, the sequential condition took on average 5 minutes longer to complete word selection. Therefore, it is important to understand that the PRC presentation modality can affect the quantity and the choice of vocabulary used by participants.
Green Transition of Iron Cities: A Comparative Case Study of Kitakyushu and Pohang
Authors: Lee Hanbee , Choi Eunkyoung , Lee Eungkyoon
Published: December 2021

This comparative case study explores why two cities similar in socio-economic factors diverge in their pathways to environmental improvement. Our research looks at the changing local economies and environmental pollution problems facing Kitakyushu in Japan and Pohang in South Korea. Both cities drove their nations’ rapid economic growth as the main heavy industry hubs but have performed radically differently vis-à-vis public demands for environmental improvement despite sharing much in common. Employing the advocacy coalition framework as a main analytical tool, we examine the unfolding of policy efforts to turn a manufacturing-oriented industrial city into a “greener” city responding to environmental objectives and the respective outcomes. The research reveals that variations in regulatory decentralization, external events and coalition opportunity structures largely explain the observed discrepancy in green transition between the two settings. Our findings contribute to expanding scarce case study literature illustrating the mechanisms that can underpin environmental improvements in cities that have served as the location of heavy industries and offer suggestions for advancing them.
An Investigation of ABO Blood Type and the Platelet Delta Granule Storage Pool
Authors: Reagans Ryan J. , Kramer Paula M. , Cichocki Jacob A. , Gunning William T.
Published: December 2021

Individuals with bleeding tendencies are more likely to have blood type O than blood types A, B, or AB. Platelet storage pool deficiencies are a lesser-known group of bleeding disorders which often go undiagnosed and may account for a significant number of patients with unexplained bleeding defects. We hypothesized that patients with platelet δ-storage pool deficiency might also have a predominance of type O blood. A retrospective review of medical records of 2,020 patients with unexplained bleeding and evaluated for δ-storage pool deficiency was performed. Correlations between dense granule numbers, blood type, and von Willebrand factor were analyzed for statistical differences. 51.5% of blood samples were blood type O compared to an incidence of 44.0% in the U.S. population. There was a significant association of vWF and blood type O but not with the delta storage pool. There is a preponderance of blood type O in the study population compared to the U.S. population. There is no statistically significant link between blood type O and lower dense granule numbers in this study.
Energy harvesting from railway slab-tracks with continuous slabs
Authors: Hussein Mohammed F. M. , Renno Jamil M. , Muthalif Asan G. A.
Published: December 2021

This paper contributes to the literature and development of knowledge in the topic of energy harvesting by presenting the modelling and calculations of energy from vibration of railway tracks due to moving trains on floating-slab tracks with continuous slabs, considering both the quasi-static and dynamic effects. The floating-slab track is modelled as a double Euler–Bernoulli beam connected by continuous spring and damper elements. The dynamic excitation is accounted for by considering the un-sprung axles of a passing train with a number of coaches. The dynamic excitation is simulated using randomly generated unevenness from standard functions of power spectral density . The responses of rails’ beam and slab are calculated for different unevenness realizations, and then used as inputs for a base-excited single-degree-of-freedom system that models the harvester. The change in the harvested energy is investigated due to the change of natural frequency of the harvester, the change of condition of track and change of train’s velocity. The parameters used in this paper correspond to tracks and trains for Doha metro and unevenness information from the literature. The results show that more energy can be harvested by tuning the harvester’s natural frequency to the frequency of axle-track resonance. It is found that a maximum mean-energy can be harvested from the rails of 0.35 J/kg for a train moving at 100 km/h for a track with poor condition and this is obtained at the axle-track resonance frequency. For the same track condition, a reduction of about 55% and 61% is observed for train’s velocities of 70 km/h and 40 km/h, respectively. Using a track with medium and good conditions resulted in reduction of the mean harvested energy at the axle-track resonance by 73.5% and 99.9%, respectively.
Constructing Fatality Review: A Policy Analysis of the Emergence of Domestic Homicide Reviews in England and Wales
Authors: Rowlands James
Published: December 2021

In England and Wales, Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) examine domestic abuse-related deaths to identify lessons to be learned. However, their emergence as a policy initiative has been little considered. To address this gap, a thematic discourse analysis of policy documents to 2011 was undertaken, examining the justification for, and conceptualization of, DHRs before their implementation. It is argued that DHRs were constructed as a taken-for-granted good, through which multi-agency partners would generate learning while the (gendered) subject was silenced. Attending to aspirations, contradictions, and tensions in the emergence of DHRs has implications for their understanding and operationalization in the present.
Daratumumab Monotherapy for Heavily Pre-treated and Refractory Myeloma: Results from a UK Multicentre Real World Cohort
Authors: Maouche Nadjoua , Srinivasan Anandagopal , Leary Heather , Collings Freya , Tseu Bing , Vallance Grant D , Ramasamy Karthik , Kothari Jaimal
Published: December 2021

Daratumumab is the first anti-CD38 targeting monoclonal antibody approved as monotherapy in multiply relapsed myeloma patients who progressed following prior treatment with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs). We present real world data on the efficacy of single agent daratumumab in a cohort of 55 multiply relapsed patients treated in the UK.

The median age was 72 years, the majority (96%) received ≥ 3 previous lines of treatment; 54.5% were PI-refractory, 76.4% were IMiD-refractory and 47.2% were double refractory; 20% of patients had high-risk (HR) disease.

The overall response rate was 49%. After a median follow up of 9.2 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) for the total cohort was 5.1 months. Patients who achieved a partial response or better (≥PR) demonstrated a significantly longer PFS compared to those with <PR; 9.8 versus 2.7 months, p < 0.001. Double-refractory patients had an inferior PFS compared to single-refractory patients; 2.7 versus 7.4 months, p = 0.084. High-risk disease was associated with significantly shorter PFS compared to standard-risk (SR); 2.3 versus 6.7 months, p = 0.001. The median overall survival (OS) was 15.9 months. Despite a relatively short PFS seen in the double-refractory and high-risk patients; a favourable median overall survival of 12.9 months was achieved in these groups. Patients who achieved ≥PR, those with a previous objective response to PIs or IMiDs and those with SR disease, all benefited from a significantly longer OS which was not reached. A clear benefit in survival is encouraging in this setting of unmet clinical need and limited treatment options.
Microencapsulation of Brazilian Cherokee blackberry extract by freeze-drying using maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and pectin as carrier materials
Authors: Oro Carolina E. Demaman , Paroul Natalia , Mignoni Marcelo L. , Zabot Giovani L. , Backes Geciane T. , Dallago Rogério M. , Tres Marcus V.
Published: December 2021

There are many blackberry cultivars in Brazil; however, the characteristics and applications of the Cherokee cultivar have not yet been widely studied. For this reason, this research investigated the behaviour of maltodextrin (MD), gum Arabic (GA), and pectin (PEC), as carriers combined in different proportions (20% MD, 15% MD  +  5% GA, 15% MD  +  5% PEC), on encapsulation of Cherokee blackberry pulp extract obtained by freeze-drying. The results of moisture content (2.73-3.36%), water activity (aw) (0.11–0.15), solubility (52.40–54.11%), hygroscopicity (17.59–21.11%), colour (hue 0.24–0.32), retention of anthocyanins (51.55–60.53%), total phenolic compounds (39.72–70.73 mg GAE/100g), antioxidant activity at 25 mg/mL (77.89–80.02%), IC50 (12.26–14.53), simulated in vitro digestion and morphology were discussed. Concerning morphology, blackberry powders had irregular structures and amorphous structures. Comparatively, the best results were obtained for MD-GA. MD-GA presented the highest content of phenolic compounds (70.73  ±  1.84 mg GAE/100g) and antioxidant activity (80.02%), as well as the lowest IC50 value (12.26). In general, all powders showed an increase in phenolic compounds during in vitro digestion, because of the pH conditions and digestive enzymes present in the simulated digestive fluid. This result shows that the wall material provides protection, since the blackberry rich extract (RE) showed degradation of phenolic compounds in in vitro digestion. In this sense, freeze-drying is a suitable technique for the encapsulation of Cherokee blackberry pulp extract.
The Processes Underlying Positive Illusory Bias in ADHD: The Role of Executive Functions and Pragmatic Language Skills
Authors: Crisci Giulia , Cardillo Ramona , Mammarella Irene C.
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Children with ADHD often show a positive illusory bias (PIB), reporting an extremely positive idea of their own competence, despite their difficulties. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still poorly understood. In the present study, we examined social PIB and investigated the role of executive functions (EFs) and pragmatic language (PL).

Method:

Forty-one children with ADHD and 42 typically-developing children matched on age, IQ, and receptive language were administered measures of social competence, EFs and PL. The parents were also asked to estimate their child’s social competence.

Results:

There was evidence of social difficulties and PIB in children with ADHD. Only PL, not EFs, seemed to mediate the association between ADHD and PIB.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that PL abilities should be considered in efforts to improve self-perception in children with ADHD.
Parent ADHD Is Associated With Greater Parenting Distress in the First Year Postpartum
Authors: Joseph Heather M. , Khetarpal Susheel K. , Wilson Michelle A. , Molina Brooke S.G.
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Little is known about the experience of parenting infants when a mother or father has ADHD. This study examined cross-sectional predictors of parenting distress experienced by parents with and without ADHD who also have infants.

Methods:

Participants were 73 mother-father pairs ( N = 146) of infants 6 to 10 months old. Half of the families included a parent with ADHD. Psychosocial predictors were tested using multilevel modeling.

Results:

Parent or partner ADHD, lower parent sleep quality, fewer social supports, and less infant surgency and effortful control were associated with greater parental distress. Infant negative affect and sleep were not associated.

Conclusions:

Parents with ADHD and their partners experience greater parenting distress in the first year of their child’s life than parents without ADHD. Addressing parent ADHD symptoms and co-occurring difficulties, including sleep disturbances, are potential targets for early interventions to maximize both parent and infant mental health outcomes.
Food Experience Design to Prevent Unintended Consequences and Improve Well-being
Authors: Addis Michela , Batat Wided , Atakan S. Sinem , Austin Caroline G. , Manika Danae , Peter Paula C. , Peterson Lane
Published: December 2021

This article introduces a novel and comprehensive conceptual framework for designing innovative food experiences that enhance food well-being. We call this framework the novel food experience design. It supports managers in cocreating customer-centric food experiences to limit unintended detrimental consequences and enhance individual and societal food well-being. The novel food experience design (1) employs a systemic (vs. endemic) approach to the innovation process and (2) promotes prioritizing ethical decision-making alongside economic decision-making. Building on insights derived from ecosystem theory and the ethical principles literature, we develop four fundamental propositions to innovate food experiences: do no harm, do good, ensure autonomy, and ensure fairness. Our framework promotes higher levels of individual and societal food well-being than restricted food design innovations, preventing unintended consequences. Finally, we illuminate the implications for service research and practice.
2022 ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Acute Pain in Cats
Authors: Steagall Paulo V , Robertson Sheilah , Simon Bradley , Warne Leon N , Shilo-Benjamini Yael , Taylor Samantha
Published: December 2021

Practical relevance:

Increases in cat ownership worldwide mean more cats are requiring veterinary care. Illness, trauma and surgery can result in acute pain, and effective management of pain is required for optimal feline welfare (ie, physical health and mental wellbeing). Validated pain assessment tools are available and pain management plans for the individual patient should incorporate pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Preventive and multimodal analgesia, including local anaesthesia, are important principles of pain management, and the choice of analgesic drugs should take into account the type, severity and duration of pain, presence of comorbidities and avoidance of adverse effects. Nursing care, environmental modifications and cat friendly handling are likewise pivotal to the pain management plan, as is a team approach, involving the cat carer.

Clinical challenges:

Pain has traditionally been under-recognised in cats. Pain assessment tools are not widely implemented, and signs of pain in this species may be subtle. The unique challenges of feline metabolism and comorbidities may lead to undertreatment of pain and the development of peripheral and central sensitisation. Lack of availability or experience with various analgesic drugs may compromise effective pain management.

Evidence base:

These Guidelines have been created by a panel of experts and the International Society of Feline Medicine (ISFM) based on the available literature and the authors’ experience. They are aimed at general practitioners to assist in the assessment, prevention and management of acute pain in feline patients, and to provide a practical guide to selection and dosing of effective analgesic agents.
Ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis in patients from three countries: A Web-based survey
Authors: Zhao Run-Ze , Zhang Guo-Xun , Zhang Wen-Ting , Yu Wen-Jin , Du Lu , Toledo Maria Cáceres , Olivera Leal IR. , O’Farrill Zurina Lestayo , Izquierdo G.
Published: December 2021

Objective

This study evaluates the epidemiological characteristics, ophthalmological manifestations, and different therapeutic options available for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in China, Spain, and Cuba.

Methods

A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a comparable descriptive cross-sectional study on patients with MS. The survey included patients' demographic data, ocular manifestations related to MS, and treatment methodology followed in the three countries. The online survey was designed using the Wenjuanxing survey platform, and a survey link was circulated through WhatsApp, WeChat, and emails. Quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for non-parametric variables. Qualitative data were expressed as numerical and percentage. The chi-square test (χ2) was used to compare the group's response categories. The statistical difference was considered significant when p < 0.05.

Results

The female-to-male ratio in all the three countries was 2-3:1, and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) was the most frequent in all three countries. Vision loss was slow and progressive in half of the patients from the three countries, with no significant differences ( p = 0.524). A higher percentage of steroid treatment was observed in Chinese patients in comparison with the patients from other two countries ( p < 0.001), and a similar trend was seen in the use of traditional medicines. Almost one-third of patients who did not receive any treatment recovered spontaneously in all the three countries ( p = 0.097).

Conclusions

MS occurs more frequently in the relapsing-remitting clinical form and there is a clear female predominance. The first ocular crisis or clinical debut of MS is characterized by slow and progressive visual impairment, increasing and adding to other ocular manifestations during its evolutionary course. Spontaneous recovery of vision after an attack of optic neuritis in the course of MS is possible.
Age as a predictor of additional surgeries following initial closed reduction for children with developmental dysplasia of the hip: the 10-year experience of a national paediatric orthopaedic unit
Authors: Hurley Robert J , Davey Martin S , Davey Matthew G , Groarke Patrick , Kennedy Jim , Moore David P
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose:

Dislocated and unstable hip joints which do not stabilize in an orthosis in the neonatal period require operative intervention to achieve a stable concentric joint. The aim of this study is to assess the requirement for further operative intervention in patients who have undergone successful closed reduction to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods:

We identified all patients who had undergone closed reduction of an unstable hip joint at our institution within 10 years, with further identification of patients who underwent a second procedure. We used logistic regression to evaluate correlation between age at closed reduction and the probability of secondary procedures.

Results:

A total of 694 patients (84.5% females) who underwent a closed reduction in the study period were identified. 235 were excluded (patients with underlying genetic conditions, neuromuscular disorders, syndromic disorders). 250 patients had closed reductions only. 209 patients (45.5%) had at least 1 secondary procedure after their initial closed reduction. In multivariable analysis, female gender (OR 0.310; 95% CI, 0.108–0.885; p = 0.029) and patients aged ⩽12 months at the time of first surgery (OR 0.055; 95% CI, 0.007–0.423; p = 0.005) independently predicted being less likely to require a second surgery for their DDH.

Discussion:

In conclusion, we found that a significant proportion of children (45.5%) who underwent closed reduction of a dislocated hip required additional surgical intervention in early childhood. Our data show that those children who undergo later closed reduction of a dislocated hip in DDH after 12 months of age, and male infants, have a significantly higher incidence of additional surgical intervention.
Prevalence of Cervical Cancer and Associated Factors Among Women Attended Cervical Cancer Screening Center at Gahandi Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekuria Mulugeta , Edosa Kebede , Endashaw Mulualem , Bala Elias Teferi , Chaka Eshetu E. , Deriba Berhanu Senbeta , Tesfa Bikila
Published: December 2021

Background:

Despite the fact that cervical cancer is preventable disease, it is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and leading cause of cancer death in women. An estimated 604 000 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer worldwide and 342 000 women died from the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cervical cancer among women attended cervical cancer screening center in Gahandi memorial Hospital.

Methods:

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Gahandi Memorial Hospital in which simple random sampling technique was used to select 422 registration books of women who visited the hospital between May 2015 and May 2019. Texts, tables, and graph were used to present results. Binary logistic regression with a P-value of <.25 and multivariate logistic regression with a P-value of <.05 were used to determine the association between independent variables and outcome variable.

Results:

In this study, from the total of 422 women screened with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) screening test, 23.5% of them were found to be positive for VIA test. From those who were diagnosed positive with VIA screening test, about 10.1 % were identified with high grade lesions. Having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.21-3.29), being HIV-positive (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI:1.10-4.69), having a history of Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI) (AOR = 6.76, 95% CI: 1.14-3.90), and beginning sexual intercourse at early age (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-5.13) were factors associated with cervical cancer.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that the high prevalence of cervical cancer. Having multiple sexual partners, being Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) positive, having STI history and early initiation of sexual intercourse were factors associated with cervical cancer. Therefore, avoiding multiple sexual partners, delaying of early sexual contact, and self-protection from STI infections might help to prevent cervical cancer.
A Solution Focused Approach of Delivering Virtual Paediatric Diabetes Consultations During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Woodger Katherine , Bray Dominic , Welsh Charlotte , Ng Sze M
Published: December 2021

The onset of the COVID-19 global pandemic rapidly accelerated the use of virtual consultations into everyday practice. A solution focused approach (SFA) has been established in paediatric diabetes care, resulting in positive clinical outcomes and communication. The aim of this study was to assess feedback from paediatric diabetes patients and their parents or carers regarding virtual consultations, using a solution focused approach, in a hospital setting. An electronic survey was sent to patients following their virtual consultation. Of those surveyed, 86% recommended video consultations to be part of their diabetes care. Qualitative data showed reduced travel time, comfort, reduced need for parking and convenience as the highest areas improved through video consultations. Clinical care was shown to be positive and addressed patients concerns, the majority of respondents (84%) reported that the appointment was about what they wanted it to be about. Using the solution focused model helped overcome the challenges faced with virtual consultations particularly with concerns surrounding safeguarding issues, confidentiality, audio/video difficulties and also helped to support the patient journey.
Examining commonsense epidemiology: The case of asthma
Authors: Pogge Gabrielle , Waters Erika A , Webster Gregory D , Fedele David , Prabhakaran Sreekala , Shepperd James A
Published: December 2021

Commonsense epidemiology—how lay people think about diseases and their causes and consequences—can influence how people respond. We examined three lay epidemiological beliefs about 20 triggers and 19 symptoms among 349 caregivers of children with asthma. Our findings contradicted the prevalence-seriousness hypothesis (perceived prevalence and seriousness correlate negatively). The data partially supported the prevalence-control hypothesis (perceived prevalence and asthma control correlate negatively). We found weak support for the seriousness-control hypothesis (perceived seriousness and asthma control correlate negatively). These findings suggest boundary conditions on the application of commonsense epidemiological beliefs.