bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Preliminary Validation of the Complicated and Adaptive Grief Inventory for Native Americans
Authors: Gameon Julie A. , FireMoon Paula , Skewes Monica C.
Published: August 2024

Grief research among American Indian (AI) and Alaska Native (AN) people has been limited to studies on historical trauma and elevated mortality rates among AI/ANs. A lack of validated measures is one barrier to grief research with AI/ANs. Therefore, we conducted three studies to develop and validate a culturally congruent measure of grief. In Study 1, interviews were conducted with 12 AI reservation-based community members to understand perspectives on grief. In Study 2, AI/AN community members ( n = 10) and professionals ( n = 7) provided feedback on measure items adapted or developed in Study 1. In Study 3, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using separate randomly selected samples from a web-based survey of 600 AI/ANs were conducted to identify the factor structure of the Complicated and Adaptive Grief Inventory for Native Americans (CAGI-NA). Findings suggest that the resulting 30-item CAGI-NA is valid, reliable, and suitable for use in research with AI/AN people.
Issue Fields and Echo Chambers: Increasing field contestation fueled by moral emotions
Authors: Jing Emma Lei , Goodrick Elizabeth , Reay Trish , Huq Jo-Louise
Published: August 2024

We investigate how issue fields with increasing levels of contestation can develop into fields characterized by echo chambers. Studying the introduction of a controversial new approach to addiction services—harm reduction—we explain how proponents’ and opponents’ rhetorical arguments changed over time, transitioning the issue field through different configurations. Our findings reveal how field actors were initially differentiated by moral convictions, and as their expression of moral emotions became more intense, the two groups became increasingly divided and polarized in their views, leading to an issue field characterized by echo chambers. Through our analysis of archival materials and interview data, we explicate this process by identifying three phases of issue field transition: creating a moral emotional divide; intensifying antagonization; and insulating against the other side. We contribute to the literature by presenting a model of change explaining how emotional rhetoric, together with different types of triggering events, can fuel increasing levels of contestation and drive the field toward developing echo chambers. Second, by taking a discursive view of issue fields with particular attention to rhetorical arguments, we provide foundational work for an institutional perspective on echo chamber—that echo chambers result from ongoing social processes where people encapsulate themselves based on a sense of right and wrong, in contrast to the predominant view of becoming trapped in an enclosed space. Third, through our focus on the role of moral emotions and how they can escalate in situations of contestation, we advance knowledge regarding the importance of emotions in field dynamics.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and health outcomes of hospitalization owing to COVID-19: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Metonidze Irina , Bostoganashvili Nestan , Goderidze Tamar , Tananashvili David
Published: August 2024

Objective

We investigated the role of serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in COVID-related health outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using data of the National Center of Disease Control and Public Health, Georgia. We extracted patient data including length of hospital stay, transfer to the intensive care unit, requirement for oxygen therapy, treatment with glucocorticoids, and symptoms. After obtaining written informed consent, 384 individuals were enrolled. We divided participants into three groups according to 25(OH)D levels: group 1 = 25(OH)D <12 ng/mL (n = 83), group 2 = 25(OH)D 12–20 ng/mL (n = 141), and group 3 = 25(OH)D >20 ng/mL (n = 160).

Results

The odds ratio (OR) for hospitalization in group 1 versus group 2 was 8.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6–21.3) and 5.6 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 2.7–11.9). Regarding oxygen therapy, OR = 28.41 for group 1 versus 2 (95% CI 3.7–220.5) and OR = 5.2 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 1.9–14.1). Regarding treatment with glucocorticoids, OR = 3.7 for group 1 versus 2 (95% CI 1.1–12.5) and OR = 8.4 for group 1 versus 3 (95% CI 1.8–40.7).

Conclusion

COVID-19-related morbidity was associated with decreased serum 25(OH)D levels. Future studies should investigate the potential role of vitamin D sufficiency in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality.
Bioinformatics analysis and identification of cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer
Authors: Chen Weihong , Huang Dongqin , Su Xiaoping , Su Yuchao , Li Shaobin
Published: August 2024

Objective

Identifying precise biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection and management remains challenging. Here, we developed an innovative prognostic model for CRC using cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).

Methods

In this retrospective study, CRC patient transcriptomic and clinical data were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were identified and used to develop a prognostic model, which helped categorize patients into high- and low-risk groups. The model was validated through survival analysis, risk curves, independent prognostic analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, decision curves, and nomograms. In addition, we performed various immune-related analyses. LncRNA expression levels were examined in normal human colorectal epithelial cells (FHC) and CRC cells (HCT-116) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results

Six cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were identified: ZKSCAN2-DT, AL161729.4, AC016394.1, AC007128.2, AL137782.1, and AC099850.3. The prognostic model distinguished between high-/low-risk populations, demonstrating excellent predictive ability for survival outcomes. Immunocorrelation analysis showed significant differences in immune cell infiltration and functions, immune checkpoint expression, and m6A methylation-related genes. The qPCR results showed significant upregulation of ZKSCAN2-DT, AL161729.4, AC016394.1, AC007128.2 in HCT-116 cells, while AL137782.1 and AC099850.3 expression patterns were significantly downregulated.

Conclusion

Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs can potentially serve as reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
Orthostatic Vital Signs After Sport-Related Concussion: A Cohort Study
Authors: Sas Andrew R. , Popovich Michael J. , Gillenkirk Aleah , Greer Cindy , Grant John , Almeida Andrea , Ichesco Ingrid K. , Lorincz Matthew T. , Eckner James T.
Published: August 2024

Background:

The 6th International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport guidelines identified that measuring autonomic nervous system dysfunction using orthostatic vital signs (VSs) is an important part of the clinical evaluation; however, there are limited data on the frequency of autonomic nervous system dysfunction captured via orthostatic VSs after concussion.

Purpose:

To compare orthostatic changes in heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between athletes with acute sport-related concussion (SRC) and control athletes.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We compared 133 athletes (mean age, 15.3 years; age range, 8-28 years; 45.9% female) with acute SRC (<30 days after injury) with 100 control athletes (mean age, 15.7 years; age range, 10-28 years; 54.0% female). Given the broad age range eligible for study inclusion, participants were subdivided into child (younger than 13 years of age), adolescent (13-17 years of age), and adult (18 years of age and older) age groups for subanalyses. Participants completed a single standard orthostatic VS evaluation including HR, SBP, and DBP in the supine position then immediately and 2 minutes after standing. Linear regression was used to compare delayed supine-to-standing changes in HR, SBP, and DBP as a continuous variable (ΔHR, ΔSPB, and ΔDBP) between groups, and logistic regression was used to compare patients with positive orthostatic VS changes (sustained HR increase ≥30 beats per minute [bpm], SBP decrease ≥20 mm Hg, and DBP ≥10 mm Hg at 2 minutes) between groups, accounting for age and sex.

Results:

Between-group differences were present for delayed ΔHR (18.4 ± 12.7 bpm in patients with SRC vs 13.2 ± 11.0 bpm in controls; P = .002) and ΔSPB (–3.1 ± 6.6 bpm in patients with SRC vs –0.4 ± 6.5 bpm in controls; P = .001), with positive orthostatic HR changes present more frequently in patients with SRC (18% vs 7%; odds ratio, 2.79; P = .027). In the SRC group, a weak inverse relationship was present between age and ΔHR ( r = –0.171; P = .049), with positive orthostatic HR findings occurring primarily in the child and adolescent SRC subgroups.

Conclusion:

Patients with acute SRC had greater orthostatic VS changes compared with controls, the most prominent being sustained HR elevations. Clinical evaluation of autonomic change after SRC via standard orthostatic VS assessment may be a helpful clinical biomarker in the assessment of SRC, especially in children and adolescents.
Investigations into rubbing wear behavior of honeycomb land against labyrinth fin with periodic-cell model
Authors: Yan Xin , Wang Haibo , He Kun
Published: August 2024

The periodic-cell model was proposed to simulate the successive contacts between the labyrinth fin and multiple honeycomb cells. With the experimental data, the finite-element-analysis (FEA) method with the periodic-cell model was validated. The effects of incursion parameters (i.e. incursion depth, incursion rate and sliding velocity) on the contact force, frictional temperature, material loss, and worn geometry of the honeycomb seal during the incursion process were studied. With the predicted worn geometry, the sealing performance degradation in the honeycomb seal was analyzed. The results showed that the proposed periodic-cell model has an excellent accuracy in predicting the wear behavior of honeycomb seal in rubbing events. The contact force between the honeycomb liner and labyrinth fin is pronounced especially at low sliding velocity and high incursion rate conditions, which increases the possibility of wear damage in the rotor part. At low sliding velocity and low incursion rate conditions, the frictional heat transferring to rotor part is increased, which increases the thermal stress near the contact region of the rotor part. As the clearance gap of honeycomb seal increases from 0.6 mm to 0.9 mm in the rubbing event, the leakage rate is increased by about 12%, and the carry-over effects downstream of the worn cells are increased.
Morphometric characteristics of charcoal produced from plants native to the southeastern United States of America (USA)
Authors: Vachula Richard S , Cullen Thomas M , Galinger Matthew R , Welch J Conner , Battaglia Jeremiah , Smith Dallyn , Waters Matthew N
Published: August 2024

Charcoal shape variations provide insight into past fuel types burned, with charcoal length:width (L:W) being the most popular means of distinguishing fuel types. This paper presents morphometric data (L:W) of charcoal produced from plant taxa (n = 21) native to the southeastern United States of America (USA). These taxa included monocots (n = 3), dicots (n = 12), and gymnosperms (n = 6), which represented a range of growth habits including graminoids, trees, shrubs, and subshrubs. We further divided these taxa into tissues (n = 36 total samples) which included leaves, wood, bark, needles, stems, and a seed pod. Our results show that charcoal produced from plants native to southeastern USA exhibits more variable L:W values than those tested in previous research, but that when aggregated, they broadly agree with published L:W value ranges. Within the dicot group, leaves produced charcoal lower L:W values (median = 1.92, interquartile range (IQR) = 1.33) than wood (median = 2.43, IQR = 3.00), whereas the opposite was true for gymnosperms whose needles produced greater L:W values (median = 2.60, IQR = 3.22) than wood (median = 1.93, IQR = 1.44). The monocot graminoid we tested produced greater L:W values (median = 3.47, IQR = 6.02) than dicot or gymnosperm fuels. Further, our results provide conflicting perspectives on the likelihood of evolutionary relationships as the cause of variations in charcoal L:W values. Last, our results underscore the importance of site-specific experimental charcoal approaches to enable robust paleofire applications of charcoal morphometry.
Arsenic-induced downregulation of BRWD3 suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells through the p53 and p65 pathways
Authors: Zhu Yanhua , Xiao Mei , Zhao Ruihuan , Yang Xuefei , Wu Kun , Liu Xiao , Chen Xi , Guo Lei , Liu Jiezhen , Chen Xu , Liu Na , He Yuefeng , Zhang Yanliang
Published: August 2024

Bromodomain and WD-repeat domain-containing protein 3 (BRWD3) exhibits high expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and cells; however, its function in arsenic-induced toxicological responses remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate BRWD3 expression in response to arsenic-induced conditions and its impact on the proliferation and apoptosis of LUAD cell line SPC-A1 upon BRWD3 knockdown. The results revealed a decrease in BRWD3 expression in SPC-A1 cells treated with sodium arsenite (NaAsO2), but not sodium arsenite’s metabolites. BRWD3 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in SPC-A1 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that BRWD3 knockdown resulted in the upregulation of p53, phospho-p53-Ser392, and its downstream factors including MDM2, Bak, and Bax. Additionally, we observed the downregulation of p65, phospho-p65-Ser276, phospho-p65-Ser536, and its downstream factors, including IκBα, BIRC3, XIAP and CIAP1. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that BRWD3 knockdown also resulted in the downregulation of proliferation-related genes and upregulation of apoptosis-related genes. In conclusion, BRWD3 mediated proliferation and apoptosis via the p53 and p65 pathways in response to arsenic exposure, suggesting potential implications for LUAD treatment through BRWD3 downregulation by arsenic.
A Conceptualization of Mood Influences on Group Judgment and Decision Making: The Key Function of Dominant Cognitive Processing Strategies
Authors: Hinsz Verlin B. , Robinson Michael D.
Published: August 2024

This conceptualization describes how positive and negative mood states, information processing, cognitive processing strategies, and group interaction combine to influence group judgment and decision making. The crux of the conceptualization is a dominant cognitive processing strategy. Positive moods inform group members that the situation is benign and reinforce dominant cognitive processing strategies. Negative moods provide feedback that the situation is problematic, leading to inhibition or revision of dominant cognitive processing strategies. Moods achieve these impacts through their influences on the cognitive processes of attention, processing objectives, and cognitive representations. Group interaction also accentuates these cognitive processes and related strategies. This conceptualization is applied to understand mood influences on jury decision making, group social dilemmas, hidden profile tasks, group judgments of opinions, judgments with cognitive biases, and quantitative judgments. The discussion considers mood influences in other group judgment and decision making related phenomena of group brainstorming, intergroup negotiation, stress, and groupthink.
Withdrawal pain following patients discontinuing Trk inhibitors
Authors: Chin Alan , Lindsay Sheila , Bergsland Emily K , Kang Hyunseok
Published: August 2024

Objective

This article aims to expand on the existing literature regarding the incidence of withdrawal pain following discontinuation of Trk inhibitors and to explore strategies that mitigate this withdrawal pain.

Data Source

A retrospective observational study was conducted among patients who were at least 18 years-old or older and had documentation of starting larotrectinib or entrectinib at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) between November 2018 and November 2022. Data were collected from electronic records and pharmacy databases and a total of 21 patients were identified in this study.

Data Summary

Of the 21 patients included in this study, five patients (24%) experienced pain during temporary or permanent discontinuation of Trk inhibitor with the onset of withdrawal pain ranging from a few hours to three days following discontinuation. Various strategies were implemented to manage this pain including restarting of Trk inhibitor, tapering of Trk inhibitor on discontinuation, minimizing dose interruptions and use of prescription pain medications.

Conclusion

This article illustrates the presence of withdrawal pain syndrome in patients stopping a Trk inhibitor treatment and highlight the need for patient education to avoid missing any doses and for development of a guideline for Trk inhibitor discontinuation.
From Deficient Masculinity to Relational Plenitude: Language and Ethics among Thirunangais in Southern India
Authors: Vasudevan Aniruddhan
Published: August 2024

This article engages with Tamil thirunangai transgender women’s perceptions and evaluations of masculinity and femininity among themselves and in others. Thirunangai is currently the preferred identity label among transfeminine persons in the city of Chennai in southern India. Pottai is one of many pejorative Tamil words that predate such positive linguistic assertion of Tamil transfeminine identity. In this article, I show how the word pottai is transformed into a word signaling relational plenitude, belonging, and moral selfhood among thirunangais in Chennai. I also attend to three ways in which thirunangais use the word pottai interactionally: (1) to emphasize belonging and intimacy beyond the boundaries of identity, (2) to playfully highlight genres of gendered action, and (3) to show gender’s imbrication with caste and class.
Diagnostic value of soluble Interleukin-2 receptor in patients suffering neurosarcoidosis: A systematic review
Authors: Chanpura Aditya , Gupta Rajesh K. , Sriwastava Shitiz K. , Rahmig Jan
Published: August 2024

Background

Neurosarcoidosis is an inflammatory granulomatous disease. Up to 25% of occult sarcoidosis affecting the nervous system are only detected by autopsy. In addition, in recent years the suspicion arose that the soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor (sIL-2R) might be useful in differentiating between neurosarcoidosis and neurosarcoidosis-like diseases such as neurotuberculosis, multiple sclerosis, or cerebral lymphoma.

Objectives

Therefore, we aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational studies, and case-control studies evaluating sIL-2R levels in neurosarcoidosis patients.

Design

For this systematic review, a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases including EMBASE, The Web Of Science, The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar was conducted. The search was limited to the English language and publication date up to January 08th, 2024.

Data Sources and Methods

As part of the search strategy conducted, 6 articles met the inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers extracted the relevant data from each article. In addition, 2 independent reviewers assessed the quality of each study using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Results

We included 6 studies comprising 98 patients suffering from neurosarcoidosis, 525 non-sarcoidosis patients, and 118 healthy controls. Included studies were published between 2010 and 2023. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sIL-2R levels differed significantly between neurosarcoidosis patients and multiple sclerosis, vasculitis, and healthy controls whereas serum sIL-2R levels did not reveal sufficient discriminative power. sIL-2R index was able to discriminate neurosarcoidosis from neurotuberculosis, bacterial/viral meningitis, and healthy controls.

Conclusions

In this systematic review, we found indications that sIL-2R may be a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis. To determine an additional diagnostic value of sIL-2R, large prospective studies are needed that not only examine absolute sIL-2R levels in serum or CSF but also the dynamic changes as well as the implications of renal function on sIL-2R levels.
From ethnicization to ethnicism: Transformations of the legal and political subject of blackness in Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Eduardo
Published: August 2024

In Colombia, since 1900s, some Afro-descendant populations are classified as an ethnic group, akin to indigenous communities. This classification has included, especially within the Comisión de la Verdad report, to recognize Afro-descendants as ethnic people, a view widely shared among activists, scholars, and NGOs. The process of ethnicization, distinct from race, involves traditionalizing and communalizing these populations from the Pacific region. Recent shifts have involved racialized ethnicism, combining racial markers with cultural traditionalized differences under a regime of victimhood, reflecting complex, overlapping transformations rather than straightforward successions. This article analyzes these evolving legal and political conceptions of blackness over the past three decades, highlighting the nuanced shifts in state policies and imaginaries.
Sound-absorbing and thermal insulating properties of natural coir/jute hybrid composites for functional materials
Authors: Krishnasamy Boopathy , Shanmugam Nandhakumar , Subramanian Ariharasudhan , Selvaraj Senthil Kumar , Sakthivel Santhanam , Guru Ramratan , Admassu Yohannes
Published: August 2024

A composite designed for soundproofing integrates both sound absorption materials and thermal insulation, combining the benefits of both into a single product. The absorption component serves to dissipate energy within the system, while the noise barrier reduces the transmission of sound. This study focuses on experimentally assessing the sound absorption coefficients of hybrid composite materials composed of coir and jute fibers, reinforced with epoxy resin, using compression molding techniques. Six different composite samples were prepared with varying blend proportions of these fibers: S1 Coir/100, S2 Jute/100, S3 Coir/Jute 50/50, S4 Coir/Jute 70/30, S5 Coir/Jute 30/70, and S6 Coir/Jute 60/40, following the standards set by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The physical and morphological properties of the samples were examined using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), while the sound absorption coefficients (SAC) were measured via the impedance tube method, following ASTM E (1050), and Thermal insulation values were measured according to Lee’s disk method (ASTM C177). The experimental results show the thermal resistance performances of natural fiber composites based on coir/jute fiber materials, is S5 C/J (0.156 W/mK) and S6 C/J (0.146 W/mK), and there is an improvement in thermal conductivity when compared to the rigid polyurethane foam, which is one of the most efficient thermal insulators. Across frequencies ranging from 1600 to 5000 Hz. The results indicated that the composite sample S4 C/J exhibited exceptional performance in absorbing high-frequency sound waves, particularly above 2500 Hz. Furthermore, it was observed that increasing the thickness of the S6 C/J composite could significantly enhance its sound absorption coefficient at medium and low frequencies. These findings underscore the potential of coir and jute fiber-based composites as effective sound-absorbing materials. Notably, these composites exhibit sound absorption coefficients exceeding 0.83%, showcasing their promising acoustic properties. Additionally, the utilization of natural fibers such as coir and jute, sourced from renewable materials, offers advantages of affordability, biodegradability, and recyclability, making them sustainable choices for soundproofing and thermal insulating materials.
Association of Vitamin D Deficiency With Distal Biceps Injury: A Retrospective Analysis of 336,320 Patients
Authors: Khatri Surya , Albright J. Alex , Byrne Rory A. , Quinn Matthew , Zhu Angela S. , Arcand Paul-Hugo , Daniels Alan H. , Owens Brett D.
Published: August 2024

Background:

This study explores the association between vitamin D deficiency and distal biceps tendon injuries, illustrating that, although vitamin D deficiency is associated with prolonged hospital stays and various musculoskeletal problems, its connection to distal biceps tendon injuries is unknown.

Hypothesis:

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an elevated risk of distal biceps injury but not with increased rates of subsequent surgery or revision surgery.

Study Design:

Case-control study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

A 1:1 matched retrospective comparative study of 336,320 vitamin-D-deficient patients was performed using PearlDiver data (between January 1, 2011 and October 31, 2018). Cohorts, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 13.2 years, underwent multivariate logistic regression to calculate distal biceps tendon injury and surgical repair incidence according to age and sex, while controlling for demographics and comorbidities.

Results:

The 1-year incidence of distal biceps tendinopathy in vitamin-D-deficient patients was 118 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI) compared with 44.3 per 100,000 person-years in matched controls. Male patients with vitamin D deficiency were at a greater risk for distal biceps tendinopathy after 1 and 2 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.81, 2.08-3.83; aOR = 2.80, 2.21-3.56). Female patients were also at a greater risk after both years (aOR = 1.69, 1.27-2.27; aOR = 1.57, 1.26-1.96). Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with an elevated risk of surgical repair or revision surgery.

Conclusion:

In a nationwide cohort, a diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency elevated the risk of distal biceps tendinopathy but did not raise the rate of surgical repair or revision. As a result, prevention strategies in the form of vitamin supplementation should be increased for athletes. Clinical Relevance: These findings emphasize the clinical relevance of monitoring vitamin D levels in patients at risk for musculoskeletal injuries, and providing adequate care to those involved in high-demand physical activities. Strength of Recommendation: B.
Transient hemiplegia in a patient with migraine: A case of sporadic hemiplegic migraine
Authors: Maita Hiroki , Kobayashi Tadashi , Akimoto Takashi , Osawa Hiroshi , Hanada Hiroyuki
Published: August 2024

Hemiplegic migraine is a rare form of migraine characterized by aura with unilateral paralysis; however, studies on its treatment are limited. A 39-year-old man with migraine headaches and myofascial pain syndrome was referred to our hospital with transient right hemiplegia, after presenting to an outside emergency department with headache and right hemiplegia 2 days prior. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and blood test results revealed no abnormalities. The symptoms resolved spontaneously; he was referred to our hospital. Based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Third Edition criteria, he was diagnosed with sporadic hemiplegic migraine. Propranolol was added to his regular regimen as prophylactic treatment, which resulted in reduction in his migraine frequency. Over the next 2 years, no recurrent paralysis occurred. Hemiplegic migraines should be considered in patients with migraine exhibiting transient hemiplegia without obvious intracranial abnormalities. Prophylactic treatment with propranolol could be effective in treatment of hemiplegic migraine.
The combination of iliac branch device with parallel stent graft to preserve bilateral internal iliac arteries in a patient with infrarenal abdominal aortic and bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm with short common iliac lengths: A case report
Authors: Yu Sz-Han , Wu I-Hui
Published: August 2024

Coexistent aneurysmal involvement of common iliac artery is frequently seen in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Bilateral iliac branch devices are an option to preserve bilateral internal iliac arteries in order to decrease the risk of buttock claudication. In Asian population, however, the aortoiliac lengths are commonly not adequate for bilateral iliac branch endoprosthesis. In this technical note, we use a novel hybrid technique to preserve bilateral internal iliac arteries in a patient without adequate aortoiliac length for bilateral iliac branch endoprosthesis. The right internal iliac artery is preserved with iliac branch endoprosthesis. The left internal iliac artery is preserved with cross-over chimney stent grafts which are deployed simultaneously with the parallel grafting of iliac extension from the contralateral gate to the right iliac branch endoprosthesis. Follow-up computed tomography and three-dimensional angiography showed complete aneurysm exclusion with flow preservation to bilateral internal iliac arteries.
Remote Family Communication as Discounted Compensation: Mobile Use and Psychological Well-Being Among Internal Older Migrants Within China
Authors: Guo Jing , Hu Yang , Wangliu Yiqi
Published: August 2024

Among the growing floating population in China, many older people—who migrate along with their adult children to provide family support—have formed a specific social group: lao-piao-zu. This group of older migrants is a population with particular experiences and challenges, which merits more scholarly attention to their well-being. The study first presents a three-dimensional conceptual framework for understanding multimodal mobile phone communication among older migrants. Guided by this framework and based on a face-to-face survey ( N = 376) conducted in China’s first-tier city Shenzhen, the study specifically examined how various forms of mobile communication could affect psychological well-being (PWB) among these older migrants. The results showed that mobile phone use could increase multimodal communication activities. However, only communication with the hometown could reduce loneliness and promote PWB. We argue that mobile communication has limited effects on older migrants’ PWB. It is a promising channel for maintaining remote ties; however, it should be considered more as a form of compensation than as the optimal option for older people who are away from their hometowns.
New Additions in North Nicosia’s Walled City Through the Lens of Reflective Design Schemes and Continuity
Authors: Ukabi Ejeng Bassey , Akçay Ayten Özsavaş
Published: August 2024

The process of managing change, which distinguishes conservation from other interventions in historic settings, frequently astounds us when design approaches overlook the underlying urban “DNA” (attributes) of historic contexts with heterogeneous character. Such actions could potentially harm the unique aspects of any additions and disrupt the overall historical context in the future. This issue becomes particularly relevant in answering which lines to follow when making new additions. This study explores lines for forming unobstructed architectural additions in North Nicosia’s Walled City, considering reflective design schemes and continuity. A comparative analysis of texts, and case studies from the study area constituted the methods. The results showed two distinct sensitivities: reflective design schemes caused disorganized and negative visual effects, while continuity strategies triggered a positive visual representation. We propose new additions with forward-thinking design strategies that engage the past harmoniously to maintain the city’s significance for future generations.
Chinese College Student Financial Literacy: Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior
Authors: Tan Xiawei , Hu Zhineng , Niu Yongge , Xu Jiuping
Published: August 2024

The “campus loans” crisis has highlighted the importance of financial literacy among Chinese college students. Based on an analysis of 2,266 valid questionnaires, this study utilized survey data and logistic regression to examine the correlations between demographic and behavioral factors and financial literacy among students. The results indicated that, compared to their international counterparts, Chinese students generally possess less financial knowledge. However, they exhibit stronger financial attitudes and behaviors. A significant gender disparity was observed, with female students outperforming male students in financial literacy. Students attending more prestigious universities, particularly those majoring in economics, management, science, and engineering, and those dedicating more time to financial education, showed higher levels of financial literacy. Additionally, positive social interactions were associated with enhanced financial literacy. The study also identifies a “Surrounding People Effect,” where the presence of financially knowledgeable peers, friends, and family correlates with improved financial literacy among college students. These findings offer critical insights for developing targeted policies to enhance financial literacy among Chinese college students.
The Promise of Ecological Momentary Assessment to Improve Depression Management for Older Adults in Primary Care
Authors: Mindlis Irina , Rodebaugh Thomas L. , Kiosses Dimitris , Reid M. Carrington
Published: August 2024

Among older adults, depression is a common, morbid, and costly disorder. Older adults with depression are overwhelmingly treated by primary care providers with poor rates of remission and treatment response, despite attempts to improve care delivery through behavioral health integration and care management models. Given one in 10 older adults in primary care settings meet criteria for depression, there is a pressing need to improve the efficacy of depression treatment among affected individuals. Measurement-based care (i.e., the incorporation of systematic measurement of patient outcomes into treatment) for depressed older adults in primary care has had poor uptake, which at least partly underlies the limited efficacy of depression treatments. In this perspective, we discuss the proposal that ecological momentary assessment (EMA) may increase uptake of measurement-based care for depression in primary care, enhance the quality of clinical depression data, and lead to improvements in treatment efficacy without adding to providers’ burden. We describe key issues related to EMA implementation and application in routine settings for depressed older adults, along with potential pitfalls and future research directions.
Additional Procedures at the Time of Total Ankle Replacement Do Not Increase Risk of Short-term Complications: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Peri Maria I. , Whitaker Sarah , Cole Sarah , Anastasio Albert , Satalich James R. , O’Neill Conor N. , Patel Tejas T. , Nunley James A. , Easley Mark E. , Schweitzer Karl M.
Published: August 2024

Background:

This retrospective cohort study compared short-term complication rates following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), alone or with concomitant procedures. Secondary independent risk factors were also examined as they related to postoperative outcomes.

Methods:

The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried using Current Procedural Terminology ( CPT) codes to identify patients who underwent TAA (27702) between 2010 to 2021. Patients were divided into cohorts based on the presence or absence of ancillary procedures. Propensity score matching was employed to account for demographic differences, and statistical analyses were performed to compare short-term complication rates between matched cohorts.

Results:

A total of 2225 patients were identified, with 1432 (64.4%) receiving TAA alone and 793 (35.6%) with ancillary procedure(s). After matching, 793 patients were included in each cohort. The ancillary cohort had longer operative times ( P < .001) and length of hospital stay (LOS) ( P < 0.001). Rates for extended LOS were significantly higher in the ancillary cohort than in the simple cohort ( P = .01). No other complications varied significantly between cohorts, including the incidence of any adverse event (AAE). American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of 4 was found to be an independent risk factor for development of AAE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.091, P = .04). Matched subgroup analysis excluding tendon lengthening as a concomitant procedure found that the ancillary cohort still had longer operative time ( P < .001) and LOS ( P < .05) than patients undergoing simple TAA.

Conclusion:

Without significant difference in rates of AAE other than extended LOS, the relative safety of ancillary TAA appears similar to that of TAA alone. Such knowledge can help inform surgical decision-making and assuage safety concerns for patients requiring additional corrective procedures at the time of TAA.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative study.
PAY FOR PERFORMANCE: When Does it Fail?
Authors: Kumar Nirmalya , Pillutla Madan
Published: August 2024

The consensus in social psychology is that monetary incentives for performance have a detrimental impact on individual performance. Yes, under certain specific and limited conditions, rewards can reduce performance. Yet pay for performance schemes are ubiquitous. How can we resolve this divergence between theoretical recommendations and observed practices? Nirmalya Kumar and Madan Pillutla recommend solving the problem by designing smarter incentives that avoid these detrimental effects.
Delayed Hemorrhage From a Pseudoaneurysm of the Inferior Alveolar Artery following Maxillomandibular Advancement: A Case Report
Authors: Tran Jonathan , Will Brian M. , Salcines Alfonso , Eisig Sidney B. , Koch Alia
Published: August 2024

Maxillomandibular advancement is a common orthognathic surgical procedure in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Although rare, pseudoaneurysms may form following orthognathic surgery, which includes maxillomandibular advancement. Iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms from orthognathic surgery typically occur in the branches of the maxillary artery (sphenopalatine and descending palatine branches) or the facial artery, but uncommonly affect the inferior alveolar artery. We present a unique case of a pseudoaneurysm hemorrhage of the inferior alveolar artery on postoperative day 10 following maxillomandibular advancement diagnosed by computed tomographic angiography and successfully treated with fluoroscopy-guided endovascular embolization. Pseudoaneurysm hemorrhages of the inferior alveolar artery following orthognathic surgery are rare, with only 1 known published case report which occurred with significant intraoperative pulsatile bleeding. This is the only known case of a delayed inferior alveolar artery pseudoaneurysm bleed in the absence of significant intraoperative hemorrhage.
The new paradigm of future cities? Facilitating dialogues between the 15-minute city and the 15-minute life circle in China based on a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yang Chen , Qian Zhu
Published: August 2024

Cities worldwide are facing increasing disturbances due to the long-lasting COVID-19 pandemic, the unpredictable climate change, and the intensifying geopolitical clashes. The uncertainties associated with the future drive a backlash against contemporary planning practices that center on growth-oriented agenda and placemaking to survive neoliberal inter-city competitions. A noticeable paradigm shift towards micro-scale and human-centric planning practices has gained traction. The 15-minute city model (FMC), which was proposed by Carlos Moreno in 2016 and went viral after the pandemic, has become a prominent concept in steering future city development. Interestingly, China has also embarked on a transition from physical-oriented to human-centric planning, which is featured by the concept of the 15-minute life circle (FLC) and its planning guidelines first promulgated in Shanghai in 2016. While both concepts have thrived since then, few scholarly attempts have been made to advance the mutual learning process. This research aims to facilitate a dialogue between the two research communities, starting with a systematic literature review of the FMC. Using a bibliometric analysis, it maps the development and evolution of research on the FMC and identifies four key themes: sustainability, resilience, utopian city models, and technology. Based on the findings, the research discusses the complexity and current trends in the FMC literature. It compares the human-centric and chrono-urbanism planning principles in FMC and FLC cases, highlighting the differences in origins, priorities, and planning principles. The study concludes with three directions for mutual learning: integrating resilient thinking, synthesizing theoretical development and practical accumulation, and adopting a new urban regeneration perspective.
Bleeding events in patients with cancer: incidence, risk factors, and impact on prognosis in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Englisch Cornelia , Moik Florian , Steiner Daniel , Starzer Angelika M. , Berghoff Anna S. , Preusser Matthias , Pabinger Ingrid , Ay Cihan
Published: August 2024

Hemostatic imbalances are frequent in patients with cancer. Although cancer-associated thrombotic complications have been well characterized, data on bleeding events in patients with cancer are sparse. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and impact on prognosis of bleeding events in patients with cancer initiating systemic anticancer therapies in a prospective cohort study, the Vienna Cancer, Thrombosis, and Bleeding Study. The primary study outcome was defined as clinically relevant bleeding (CRB), comprising major bleeding (MB) and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. In total, 791 patients (48% female), with median age of 63 years (interquartile range [IQR], 54-70), with various cancer types, 65.5% stage IV, were included. Over a median follow-up of 19 months (IQR, 8.7-24.0), we observed 194 CRB events in 139 (17.6%) patients, of which 42 (30.0%) were tumor related, 64 (46.0%) gastrointestinal, and 7 (5.0%) intracerebral. The 12-month cumulative incidence of first CRB and MB was 16.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.7-19.6) and 9.1% (95% CI, 6.8-11.3), respectively, in the whole cohort, and 14.4% (95% CI, 11.2-17.5) and 7.0% (95% CI, 4.7-9.2), respectively, in those without anticoagulation. Patients with head and neck cancer had the highest risk of CRB. Lower baseline hemoglobin and albumin were associated with bleeding in patients without anticoagulation. Seven (5.0%) bleeding events were fatal, of which 6 occurred in patients without anticoagulation. Patients with CRB were at an increased risk of all-cause mortality (multivariable transition hazard ratio, 5.80; 95% CI, 4.53-7.43). In patients with cancer, bleeding events represent a frequent complication and are associated with increased mortality.
Impact of iron overload on incidence of diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, and death in congenital hemolytic anemias
Authors: Cheng Aaron N. , Al-Samkari Hanny
Published: August 2024

Iron overload and its complications are recognized to be morbid and fatal in patients with congenital hemolytic anemias. In patients with iron overload caused by congenital hemolytic anemias, there has been no study evaluating the dose-response relationship between serum markers of iron overload and long-term health complications. Filling this critical gap was the aim of this study. We evaluated outcomes in a 5-hospital observational cohort study of adults with congenital hemolytic anemias diagnosed with iron overload over a 40-year period and assessed associations between depth and duration of iron overload, as well as clinical complications including diabetes, heart disease, malignancy, bone density disorders, and death. One hundred seventy patients with congenital hemolytic anemias developing iron overload were included. More years experienced of ferritin >500 ng/mL and >1000 ng/mL were associated with the development of diabetes mellitus, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 2.61 per 10-year increment (P = .034) and 3.24 per 10-year increment (P = .035), respectively. More years experienced of ferritin >1000 ng/mL were associated with the development of heart disease (adjusted OR, 5.30 per 10-year increment; P = .002). Peak lifetime ferritin of >10 000 ng/mL was associated with sixfold odds of developing diabetes (P = .04) and 10-fold odds of developing heart disease (P = .007). A peak ferritin >10 000 ng/mL was associated with an increase in mortality (adjusted OR, 6.77; P = .033). In conclusion, iron overload in patients with congenital hemolytic anemias is associated with diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, and death. Prolonged exposure to relatively modest iron overload was associated with nearly threefold increased odds of diabetes.
High-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified: CNS involvement and outcomes in a multi-institutional series
Authors: Epperla Narendranath , Zayac Adam S. , Landsburg Daniel J. , Bock Allison M. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Ayers Emily C. , Girton Mark , Hu Marie , Beckman Amy , Li Shaoying , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Chang Julie E. , Kurt Habibe , Sandoval-Sus Jose , Ansari-Lari Mohammad Ali , Kothari Shalin K. , Kress Anna , Xu Mina L. , Torka Pallawi , Sundaram Suchitra , Smith Stephen D. , Naresh Kikkeri N. , Karimi Yasmin , Bond David A. , Evens Andrew M. , Naik Seema G. , Kamdar Manali , Haverkos Bradley M. , Karmali Reem , Farooq Umar , Vose Julie M. , Rubinstein Paul , Chaudhry Amina , Olszewski Adam J.
Published: August 2024

Little is known about the central nervous system (CNS) risk in high-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBL NOS). Hence, we sought to describe the rates of baseline CNS involvement, risk of CNS recurrence after primary therapy, and management strategies in HGBL NOS. In this multicenter retrospective study, we included 160 adults with newly diagnosed HGBL NOS treated between 2016 and 2021 at 20 US institutions. Eleven patients (7%) had baseline CNS involvement at diagnosis (leptomeningeal = 6, parenchymal = 4, and both = 1). Baseline CNS involvement was significantly associated only with MYC rearrangement (OR = 3.5) and testicular (in men) or female pelvic (in women) involvement (OR = 8.1). There was no significant difference in survival outcomes between patients with HGBL NOS with (median PFS = 4 years) or without (median PFS = 2.4 years) baseline CNS involvement (P = 0.45). The cumulative incidence of CNS recurrence at 3 years was 11%. Patients with baseline CNS involvement were at the highest risk (48.5% vs 8% for those without baseline CNS involvement) and were excluded from the risk factors analysis for CNS recurrence. The risk for CNS recurrence was significantly associated with blood or bone marrow involvement, CD5 expression, non–germinal center B-cell subtype, and “dual-expresser lymphoma” phenotype, however, high CNS IPI was not. The prognosis of relapsed HGBL NOS was poor, regardless of whether recurrence was systemic or limited to the CNS, and with currently available salvage strategies, including autologous transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell modalities, almost all patients with CNS recurrence ultimately succumbed to their disease.
A scoping review of lung cancer surgery with curative intent: workup, fitness assessment, clinical outcomes
Authors: Hardavella Georgia , Carlea Federica , Karampinis Ioannis , Patirelis Alexandro , Athanasiadi Kalliopi , Lioumpas Dimitrios , Rei Joana , Hoyos Lucas , Benakis Georgios , Caruana Edward , Pompeo Eugenio , Elia Stefano
Published: August 2024

Lung cancer surgery with curative intent has significantly developed over recent years, mainly focusing on minimally invasive approaches that do not compromise medical efficiency and ensure a decreased burden on the patient. It is directly linked with an efficient multidisciplinary team that will perform appropriate pre-operative assessment. Caution is required in complex patients with several comorbidities to ensure a meaningful and informed thoracic surgery referral leading to optimal patient outcomes.