bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Statistični nadzor procesa: Praktikum (navodila za vaje pri predmetu Metode eksperimentalnega dela)
Authors: Črepinšek Lipuš Lucija
Published: February 2021

Praktikum Statistični nadzor procesa je študijski pripomoček za izvajanje vaj pri predmetu Metode eksperimentalnega dela. Kratkim opisom osnovnih orodij vodenja kakovosti sledijo delovne naloge s postopki, ki temeljijo na principih statističnega preverjanja kakovosti proizvoda. Vaje obsegajo izvedbo meritev vzorcev v Laboratoriju za tehnološke meritve in ovrednotenje rezultatov s programskim orodjem Excel.
Revising a Nanomaterials Experiment during COVID-19
Authors:   Saint Mary's College, Barstis Toni
Published: February 2021

With the COVID-19 pandemic limiting lab-based experiences in spring 2020, teaching labs and research plans had to be reconceptualized. Within a week, a research-based, multi-week nanomaterials experiment in the teaching lab course needed to be redesigned, different ways needed to be found to engage students virtually, and all research activities needed to be suspended.
A CURE Using Cell Culture–Based Research Enhances Career-Ready Skills in Undergraduates
Authors:   Penn State Lehigh Valley, McLaughlin Jacqueline S. , Patel Mit ,   Medical College of Wisconsin, Slee Joshua B. ,   DeSales University
Published: February 2021

A course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) using cell culture–based research was developed to allow students to test potential molecules for their ability to prevent the host inflammatory response to implantable biomaterials. This CURE was utilized for lab instruction in cell biology courses over a three-year period at two institutions and was assessed using a modified student assessment of learning gains (SALG) survey and a rubric from the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U). The SALG survey analysis showed enhanced essential “hard” skill sets and attitudes important to a future research career using cell culture post–CURE participation. The results from both SALG and AAC&U assessments revealed gains in four of the six most highly valued “soft” skills rated by US employers as essential in their hiring of recent college graduates.
A Multisemester, Curriculum-Embedded Undergraduate Research Experience (MS-CURE) in the Geosciences: Contextual Factors Influencing Student Motivation for Pursuing Research
Authors:   Concord University, Allen Joseph L. , Kuehn Stephen C. , Creamer Elizabeth C. , Austin Janice E.
Published: February 2021

This study undertakes an unusual approach to the course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) by engaging students in an ongoing research project that is embedded across two years of required coursework, including four geology courses and a capstone summer field experience. The authors describe the curriculum, note the importance of scaffolding and feedback, and assess out-comes in a rural population of students from an economically depressed area relative to a non-CURE comparison group using a mixed-methods approach. The results show the multisemester CURE students preferred fieldwork, routine data collection, and other hands-on skills consistent with a broad interest in college as workforce preparation. The authors highlight the importance of contextual factors as a motivation for pursuing research, including the nature of the academic discipline and student demographics.
Developments in alternative organic materials for growing media in soilless culture systems
Authors:   University of Bonn, Germany, Gruda Nazim S. , Bragg Neil ,   Substrate Associates Ltd, United Kingdom
Published: February 2021

There is increasing pressure on both growing media manufacturers and horticulturists to significantly reduce their reliance on peat as a constituent of substrates. This chapter distils down the available information on alternative organic materials which have emerged as the major contenders for peat dilution or replacement. We discuss materials coming from residues of manufacturing processes, for instance, wood, tree bark and coconut fibres and coir; waste and composted materials, for instance, green compost; and materials specially cultivated for use as growing media components, for instance, Sphagnum and Miscanthus. The future of growing media will be based on blends of different components which will be renewable and locally produced materials with better life cycle assessment.
Understanding and optimizing the physical properties of growing media for soilless cultivation
Authors:   Université Laval, Canada, Caron Jean , Michel Jean-Charles ,   L’Institut Agro, France
Published: February 2021

From the end of the last century and the beginning of this millennium, the design and use of growing media have rapidly evolved to respond to new needs and constraints. Additional concepts in soil physics have been developed to cope with these changes. The beginning of this millennium has also witnessed increasing use of automation and the development of real-time sensors and computer models that could benefit the overall field of growing media. With such real-time response system capabilities, there is a clear need to introduce dynamic concepts about gas and water movement in growing media to optimize productivity and limit environmental impacts. This chapter emphasizes the latest development around some of the critical physical concepts and the factors affecting them. It presents a case study illustrating their use in growing media design based on future development in this field.
Understanding and optimising the chemical properties of growing media for soilless cultivation
Authors:   University of Milan, Italy, Zaccheo Patrizia , Crippa Laura ,   University of Milan, Italy, Giuffrida Francesco ,   University of Catania, Italy
Published: February 2021

Chemical properties exert a considerable influence on the behavior of growing media, particularly in regulating the composition of the nutrient solution. This effect depends on the nature of components: mineral growing media are chemically inert and weakly affect the nutrient solution only in the first days of cultivation. Organic growing media constantly release and immobilize elements, playing a key role in controlling plant availability of nutrient and toxic ions. The most important chemical characteristics of growing media are cation exchange capacity (CEC), salinity, and acidity. These can be changed using amendments. The chapter examines these chemical properties of growing media and growing media components, describes how they can influence soilless cultivation and analyzes latest trends in their management. Finally, a case study on the modification of pH, salinity and nutrient content during storage of two growing media is reported.
Understanding and optimising the biological properties of growing media for soilless cultivation
Authors:   University of Catania, Italy, Giuffrida Francesco , Mauro Rosario Paolo ,   University of Catania, Italy, Zaccheo Patrizia ,   University of Milan, Italy
Published: February 2021

The biological properties of growing media (GM) in soilless cultivation have been considered minor traits for decades. However, there is a growing demand for alternative, cheaper GM constituents, characterized by organic origin. A better understanding of the biological processes of GM is a key factor in developing improved functional properties in the next generation of “living” GM. This chapter reviews current knowledge about the biological properties of GM for soilless cultivations, paying attention on their importance for plant nutrition, and the influence exerted by weeds, pests/pathogens and beneficial microorganisms to promote crop performance and improve the ability of GM to suppress pests and diseases. More understanding of the relationship between GM, microbial communities and plants increases opportunities to develop sustainable strategies for disease control, fertilization efficiency and horticulture performance.
Optimizing product quality in soilless culture systems (SCS)
Authors:   University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy, Santamaria Pietro , De Lucia Barbara ,   University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy, Signore Angelo ,   University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
Published: February 2021

In a soilless culture system (SCS), quality parameters of produce may be improved by better control of the environmental and technical factors involved. This chapter focuses on the main factors through which it is possible to influence and improve the quality profile of soilless horticultural produce. These include the composition, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature and management of the nutrient solution (NS). The chapter also discusses biofortification and harvesting methods.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS METODOS PARA APLICAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE DO INVENTÁRIO DO CICLO DE VIDA NA INDÚSTRIA MOVELEIRA
Authors: Stradioto Neto Luciana Amaral , Souza Nicollas Luiz Schweitzer de , Rossato Ivete De Fátima , Henkes Jairo Afonso , Keine Sandro
Published: February 2021

O Sistema de Gestão Ambiental é indispensável dentro das indústrias de todos os setores, uma vez que a valorização dos produtos e processos que prezam pelo meio ambiente são tendências mundiais. Estudos mostram a necessidade de integrar o gerenciamento ambiental e as estratégias de manufatura das empresas, visando aspectos como a redução de resíduos e uso eficiente de recursos para diminuir os impactos ambientais gerados pela indústria. A Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) é uma ferramenta de gestão ambiental que auxilia na determinação do impacto causado ao meio ambiente durante o processo de fabricação de um produto. Neste estudo, a metodologia ACV foi aplicada em um item do setor moveleiro do Planalto Norte Catarinense, com o objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade dos métodos na análise do inventário do ciclo de vida nas indústriaS de móveis. Os resultados obtidos através da utilização do software SimaPro quantificaram o impacto ambiental total em diversos aspectos da natureza, bem como a emissão de gases responsáveis pelo aquecimento global gerados durante o ciclo de vida do berço ao portão - “cradle to gate” do produto. Uma comparação entre as metodologias de cálculo de impacto ReCiPe, CML e ILCD foi realizada para avaliar a padronização das mesmas, e demonstrou a divergência de resultados para algumas categorias, alertando para a necessidade de critérios rigorosos de escolha.
AVIAÇÃO COMERCIAL E O IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Rita Alexsandro Augusto , Henkes Jairo Afonso
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral conhecer os impactos ambientais relacionados à aviação comercial e as possíveis medidas adotadas para diminuí-los. Tem ainda, como objetivos específicos efetuar a análise dos impactos negativos ao meio ambiente decorrentes das atividades aeroportuárias, especialmente da aviação comercial, identificar as medidas sustentáveis que podem ser adotadas para minimizar esses impactos, seja por meio da gestão ambiental e execução de programas, ou através de ações para o gerenciamento de danos e riscos. A partir da legislação atual e sua aplicabilidade apresentar dados e informações de ações desenvolvidas em aeroportos nacionais e internacionais. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foram analisados diversos materiais bibliográficos, como livros, artigos, revistas e periódicos, disponíveis em bibliotecas físicas e meios eletrônicos. Analisaram-se ainda outros documentos, tais como regulamentos, códigos, leis, normas, decretos, documentos da ANAC e da INFRAERO, dentre outros relacionados à aviação civil em geral, especialmente à aviação comercial e os impactos ambientais dela decorrentes.
BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS SUSTENTÁVEIS PARA A AVIAÇÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Rocco Gustavo Kupas de , Henkes Jairo Afonso
Published: February 2021

Este estudo foi elaborado com o objetivo geral de analisar as principais alternativas para substituir os combustíveis fósseis nas operações aéreas em território brasileiro. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, por meio de livros, artigos e reportagens. A abordagem utilizada foi qualitativa e quantitativa. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de informações obtidas durante a pesquisa documental dos biocombustíveis e convertidas em uma gama de possibilidade de matérias primas para se produzir biocombustíveis no Brasil de maneira sustentável e economicamente viável, trazendo resultados ambientais e econômicos positivos para a sociedade brasileira. Ao finalizar a pesquisa, pode-se concluir que a utilização de biocombustíveis ajudará o Brasil a atingir metas globais na redução de emissão de gases poluentes, colaborando com o desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico do Brasil, uma vez que a demanda por combustíveis aeronáuticos aumentará consideravelmente, à medida que a população brasileira aumenta e em vista do grande potencial que o Brasil possuem em relação a produção de energias renováveis.
COMITÊS DE BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA: GOVERNANÇA E EFETIVIDADE NA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS
Authors: Denny Danielle Mendes Thame , Granziera Maria Luiza Machado , Gonçalves Alcindo Fernandes
Published: February 2021

Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica são órgãos colegiados que caracterizaram importante inovação na gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil. O presente estudo parte de uma análise sobre o funcionamento desses órgãos, a legislação aplicável, sua formação e funcionamento para demonstrar que o exercício da governança nesses comitês é condição relevante para a efetiva implementação das políticas de águas. Tendo em vista essa efetividade, a conclusão do artigo é pela necessidade de se consolidar ainda mais essa governança nos comitês, sobretudo no que diz respeito à participação dos órgãos estatais responsáveis pelo controle ambiental, pelo uso dos recursos hídricos e pela gestão do saneamento, para, com isso, melhorar e manter a qualidade e a quantidade dos recursos hídricos no país.
DINÂMICA NICTEMERAL EM VIVEIRO DE PISCICULTURA COM MACRÓFITAS AQUÁTICAS NO CULTIVO DE PIRARUCU
Authors: Cavali Jucilene , Vieira Dantas Filho Jerônimo , Oliveira Porto Marlos , Lopes Machado Laressa , Silva do Carmo Lopes Fábio , Bay Hurtado Fernanda
Published: February 2021

As macrófitas aquáticas podem ser utilizadas para estabilizar os parâmetros limnológicos em pisciculturas. Avaliou-se os parâmetros oxigênio dissolvido (mg L-1), pH, temperatura (°C) e condutividade (µs cm-1) da água em um viveiro escavado sob cultivo do Arapaima gigas (SCHINZ, 1822), com presença e ausência de macrófitas aquáticas. O desenvolvimento do estudo foi no Centro de Piscicultura Carlos Eduardo Matiazze, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Presidente Médici-RO. Os niveis de oxigênio dissolvido demonstraram que a presença de macrófitas aquáticas elevaram seu o teor em água. A temperatura se manteve com médias normais para regiões tropicais. O pH manteve-se neutro durante os períodos do estudo, e a condutividadeapresentou tendência de redução nos períodos do final da tarde e na presença de macrófitas aquáticas no viveiro. A presença controlada de macrófitas aquáticas nos viveiros pode manter os parâmetros limnológicos estáveis. O que proporcionou melhores condições de cultivo ao pirarucu.
ESTRATÉGIA DE ADAPTAÇÃO DE LODO ANAERÓBIO MESOFÍLICO COMO FONTE DE INÓCULO PARA
Authors: Rodrigues Vitor , Blasius Jandir Pereira , Castro Marcus Cesar Avezum Alves de
Published: February 2021

A fração de matéria orgânica representa mais de 50% do total de resíduos sólidos urbanos gerados no Brasil. Apesar do grande volume produzido, estes resíduos não recebem tratamento adequado e são fontes de passivos ambientais. Dentre os processos de tratamento dos resíduos orgânicos, a digestão anaeróbia destaca-se por ser adaptada a diferentes escalas e maior gama de substratos, além de gerar como subprodutos: biofertilizante e biogás. Para acelerar e otimizar este processo é recomendada a utilização de uma fonte de inóculo, aclimatada às condições impostas nos testes. Sendo assim, este trabalho avaliou diferentes períodos de adaptação de lodo anaeróbio mesofílico (15, 60 e 80 dias) com uso de substrato sintético (acetato), como estratégia para partida de biorreatores, em escala de batelada, operados com resíduos alimentares. Os resíduos do pré-preparo de alimentos e das sobras das refeições foram provenientes de restaurante universitário. Foram realizados testes de potencial bioquímico de metano (BMP), sendo avaliada a eficiência do processo em termos de remoção de carga orgânica. Os índices de BMP encontrados foram de 537, 837 e 868 mL de CH4.g STV-1 para os tempos de adaptação de 15, 60 e 80 dias, respectivamente. A eficiência na remoção da carga orgânica foi mais elevada para os tempos de 60 e 80 dias, porém com pouca variação entre estes períodos. Este trabalho elucidou a importância da adaptação dos microrganismos antes de sua aplicação nos testes com resíduos orgânicos e destacou elevada produção de metano e potencial para aproveitamento energético dos resíduos alimentares.
GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM EMPREENDIMENTOS COMERCIAIS URBANOS E POTENCIALIDADE DE USO ENERGÉTICO.
Authors: Jesus Alan Noda , Silva Joyce Barboza , Gattamorta Marco Aurelio
Published: February 2021

A implantação de programas de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em grandes centros comerciais urbanos vem evoluindo significativamente e, em função disto, a demanda por soluções diversificadas na cadeia de resíduos mostra-se necessária, particularmente com relação a redução da logística de transporte para os aterros sanitários, que podem implicar em redução de custos para tratamento destes resíduos, particularmente para aqueles capazes de serem transformados em biogás e energia. Através da implantação do PGRS em um shopping center na cidade de São Paulo, este estudo demonstrou, até o momento, que o local analisado gerou 59.398 kg de resíduos orgânicos em 5 meses e, através do modelo empírico School Canyon foi possível estimar uma quantidade máxima de 3.517,53 m3/ano de gás metano gerado, se este resíduo passasse pelo processo de biodigestão, podendo gerar 35,07 MWh/ano de energia elétrica para o empreendimento. Os resultados apontam que a quantidade de metano gerada não é viável para a implantação de sistemas de geração de energia elétrica in loco para o empreendimento estudado devido seu alto consumo de eletricidade, acarretando assim que o resultado obtido não fosse significativo se comparado seu consumo geral do empreendimento, entretanto, pode ser uma alternativa de tratamento de resíduos orgânicos, e gerar assim, economia para o empreendimento, já que o transporte e a tonelada destes resíduos geram custos, e, além disso, o biogás gerado pelo processo de biodigestão por apresentar um poder calorífico de 29.899.005 Kcal/ano poderia ser utilizado para o aproveitamento no local, particularmente como gás de cozinha para os restaurantes do empreendimento.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A IMPLANTAÇÃO DA COBRANÇA PELO USO DA ÁGUA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda Neves , Ribeiro Hebe Morganne Campos , Beltrão Norma Ely Santos , Pontes Altem Nascimento
Published: February 2021

Resumo: Partindo da premissa de que os instrumentos econômicos complementam os instrumentos de comando e controle, investigou-se se o controle dos requisitos para a concessão de outorga pelo órgão gestor da política hídrica paraense tem sido adequado para subsidiar a futura aplicação do instrumento da cobrança pelo uso da água. Pelo seu objetivo, esta pesquisa é exploratória e descritiva, realizada mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, aplicando-se ainda um tratamento estatístico nos dados sobre as outorgas estaduais por meio do software Minitab 17, a fim de verificar as similaridades entre os setores usuários. Utilizou-se também o software QGIS, versão 2.18.17 Las Palmas, intencionando-se demonstrar as pressões de uso sobre os recursos hídricos através da distribuição espacial dos usuários e das vazões concedidas em m³/ano por tipos de uso e por região hidrográfica do Estado do Pará. Constatou-se que a finalidade de Irrigação e Dessedentação de Animais é a que mais exerce pressão de uso no Estado do Pará e que os recursos hídricos da Região Costa Atlântica-Nordeste são mais explorados. Por essas razões, tais variáveis exigirão a adoção de algum coeficiente ponderador que estimule o uso racional e a preservação dos aspectos quali-quantitativos dos recursos hídricos quando da formulação da metodologia e da proposição de valores.Palavras-chave: Gestão Hídrica. Uso racional. Múltiplos usos. Outorga. Instrumento econômico.
O IPTU VERDE: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL PARA A CIDADE DE VOLTA REDONDA
Authors: Da Silva Pedro Paulo Souza , Bonfim Mariana Pereira
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a política extrafiscal do IPTU Verde como uma estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável para a cidade de Volta Redonda, localizada na região Sul Fluminense, do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para isso foi evidenciado o aproveitamento do ICMS Ecológico como forma de aumentar a receita municipal e também um estudo comparativo de outras leis já vigentes no Brasil com a proposta de uma revisão e adequação da Lei Municipal nº 4.948/2013, que até então só possuía um beneficiário. Os resultados apontam que a cidade de Volta Redonda possui potencial para tornar essa ideia possível desde que haja um engajamento e transparência da administração pública e uma consciência cidadã.
PROPOSTA DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE SISTEMA DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL SEGUNDO A NORMA ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004 - um estudo de caso.
Authors: Pereira Joyce Mariana , Silva Fernanda Raggi Grossi
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo abordou a temática da implantação do Sistema de Gestão Ambiental - SGA - baseando-se na norma ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004 como sendo determinante para o sucesso das indústrias modernas.  Foi considerada como estudo de caso, a Usinagem Beta que buscou reunir informações para um SGA fundamentando na norma ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004. Buscou-se responder quais os aspectos devem ser observados na implementação de um SGA em uma indústria de usinagem de médio porte que busca a certificação ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004. O objetivo consistiu em descrever as práticas para a implantação de um SGA baseado na ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004 em uma empresa de usinagem. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, expondo as características da organização observada em relação às práticas relacionadas do SGA como parâmetro para a proposta do SGA na empresa de usinagem Beta. Concluiu-se  que as empresas  devem determinar  uma equipe responsável pela implantação do SGA integrando todos os setores da empresa, especialmente a alta direção potencializam os resultados para a implantação  do Sistema de Gestão Ambiental. Palavras-chave: Sistema de Gestão Ambiental; Indústria; Sistema de Gestão Ambiental; ABNT NBR ISO 14001:2004.
Influence of rs6667202 SNP on Interleukin-10 levels in the gingival fluid of patients with periodontitis grade C
Authors: Stolf Camila Schmidt , Taiete Tiago , Zaffalon Casati Márcio , Sallum Enílson Antônio , Nociti Júnior Francisco Humberto , Ruiz Karina Gonzales Silvério , Casarin RenatoCorrêa Viana
Published: February 2021

Grade C periodontitis in youngers is characterized by a severe form of periodontitis, and IL10 rs6667202 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been described as an important feature in this disease etiology. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate, in vivo, the functionality of IL10 rs6667202 SNP on IL-10 gingival fluid levels. Methods: Thirty patients with Perio4C were selected, 15 with the IL10 AA genotype (rs6667202) and 15 with AC/CC genotypes. The gingival fluid was collected from two sites with probing depth ≥ 7 mm and bleeding on probing, and two healthy sites. The IL-10 concentration was determined by Luminex/MAGpix platform. Results: In deep pockets, the IL10 AA genotype presented a lower concentration of IL-10 when compared with AC or CC genotypes (p<0.05). In shallow pockets, no difference between groups was seen (p>0.05). Conclusion: IL10 rs6667202 SNP decreases the production of IL-10 in crevicular fluid, potentially affecting this disease progression.
Evaluation of the potential for transmission of coronavirus disease via saliva
Authors: Amiri Ali , Moradinejad Pantea , Nasrabadi Navid , Ghasemi Vojoodi Marzieh
Published: February 2021

Aim: One of the main factors that play a pivotal role in the transmission of COVID-19 from human to human is saliva; according to the subject’s importance, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential of transmission via the saliva of coronavirus disease. Methods: PubMed, ISI, Embase, Scopus, Medicine have been used until September 2020 to search for articles. Therefore, EndNote X9 used to manage electronic resources. A 95% confidence interval (CI) effect size, fixed effect model, Inverse-variance methods have been calculated. The positive rate of SARS-CoV2 assessed with meta analysis. To deal with potential heterogeneity, random effects were used, and I2 showed heterogeneity. I2 values above 50% signified moderate-to-high heterogeneity. The Meta-analysis has been evaluated with Stata/MP v.16 (the fastest version of Stata) statistical software. Results: According to the study’s purpose, in the initial search with keywords, 19 articles were found, the full text of 3 studies was reviewed, and finally, three studies were selected. The positive rate of SARS-CoV2 was 86% (86%; 95% CI 67 %-100%). Conclusion: saliva can be a non-invasive specimen type for diagnosis of COVID-19. Dentists should be aware that saliva plays a major role in the transmission of COVID-19 from human to human, and failure to follow prevention protocols can contaminate them.
Characteristics and Opportunistic Infections of AIDS Patients in East Java Province in 2018
Authors: Pribadi Gracia Satyawestri , Cahyono A.B. Firman
Published: February 2021

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a health problem in East Java. Opportunistic infections are one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the characteristics and opportunistic infections of AIDS patients in East Java Province, 2018. Methods: This study was conducted as observational descriptive research, and a survey was used as the research design. The research location was in East Java Provincial Health Office, and the study was carried out in August 2019. We used secondary data taken from the results of surveillance of AIDS patients in 2018. The sampling method of the study was total sampling, with 1,138 AIDS patients. The variables studied included the patients’ characteristics (sex, age, type of work, and risk factors) as well as the number and types of opportunistic infections. Results: The majority of the AIDS patients in East Java in this sample were male (70.74%), belonged to the adults (26–45 years old) group (62.65%), and worked as employees/laborers (46.08%). In terms of sexual orientation, the majority were heterosexuals (81.81%) or homosexuals (10.63%). The majority of patients experienced one type of opportunistic infection (46.08%), with histoplasmosis (48.77%) and tuberculosis (TB) (42.62%) as the most frequently experienced opportunistic infections. Conclusion: Characteristics that are risk factors for contracting AIDS in East Java include being male, being of adult age, working as an employee/laborer, and being heterosexual. There are also risks of opportunistic infections, particularly histoplasmosis and TB.
SOYUT AMA NESNEL SANAT: MİNİMALİZM
Authors: KARACA Gülçin
Published: February 2021

Minimalizm az elemanla sanat yapmayı benimseyen, 1960’lı yıllarda ortaya çıkan bir sanat akımıdır. Minimalist sanat biçim olarak soyut sanat çalışmalarına yakınsa da, oluştuğu döneme kadar olan soyut sanat çalışmalarından farklı özellikler taşır. Soyut sanat kapsamı içindeki bazı türleri maneviyatı, bireyselciliği, duygusallığı önemserken, Minimalist sanat nesne ve gerçeklikle ilgili olup, objektiftir. Hatta izleyiciye soğuk ve mesafeli gelir. Minimalist sanat çalışmaları soyut sanata yakın olduğu kadar hazır nesne ile de bağlantılıdır ve endüstriyel bir özellik taşır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da, minimalist sanatı içinde barındırdığı farklı ve çelişkili özellikleri üzerinden sorgulayarak, aynı zamanda kendinden önceki sanat çalışmaları ve akımlarla benzerlik ve farklılıkları tartışılarak anlamaya çalışmaktır. Çalışma, Giriş; Minimalizm, Soyut Sanat, Mekan ve İzleyici; Minimalizm, Nesne ve İzleyici olmak üzere üç başlıktan oluşmaktadır. Başlıklarda belirtildiği üzere, çalışmada yapılan karşılaştırmalar, izleyicinin Minimalizmle değişen rolüne de vurgu yapar. Yöntem olarak kaynak tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak ise, bu çalışmada kullanılan, konunun karşıtlıklar üzerinden ele alınması yönteminin, diğer sanat akımları ve konularının incelenmesi için de geçerli olabileceği, bu sebeple bunların anlaşılması için bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği önerilmektedir.
PENGEMBANGAN WISATA RELIGI PETILASAN PANGERAN BENOWO DI KECAMATAN BENER KABUPATEN PURWOREJO
Authors:   FIAI Universitas Islam Indonesia, Safitri Junaidi , Hendrawati Dyah
Published: February 2021

The existence of religious sites is currently very popular among the community, so that the existence of this religious site is not only a site to be visited as a destination for takziyah but also along with the development of the existing religious sites can provide other economic values, namely as a medium for preaching and trading. One such religious site is located in Benowo Village, Bener District, Purworejo Regency. namely the Prince Benowo site which became the forerunner to the existence of Benowo Village in Purworejo Regency. Prince Benowo is the son of the king of the Pajang kingdom named sultan Hadiwijaya or better known as Jaka Tingkir, where during the Dutch colonial period around 1600 AD Prince Benowo and his followers stepped aside or took refuge somewhere on the way from the Pajang kingdom to the Mataram kingdom and stopped at Menoreh Mountains, to be precise on a hill called Batur, which is currently known to the general public as Benowo Village. Prince Benowo's petilasan is currently being used as religious tourism which can be a special attraction for tourists to visit Benowo village. Tourists can see the historical value of the existence of Prince Benowo's petilasan, including the existence of the sendang used by the followers of Prince Benowo for drinking and cleaning, as well as items used by Prince Benowo's entourage, including ceramic plates, stone bowls, umbrellas, and etc. The existence of special religious interest tourism has made the managers of the Benowo tourism village start to improve by optimizing the existing tourism potential, both natural, cultural and artistic tourism to be able to attract more tourists to visit Benowo tourism village. The weaknesses of the development of this religious tourism village in Benwo Village are 1) There is no development plan for the development of existing religious tourism potential, and 2) Prince Benowo Religious Tourism has not been managed properly Based on the above problems, the service and partners will solve the above problems through planning training activities for the development of religious tourism, Prince Benowo, and 2) Assistance in the management of religious tourism through strengthening human resources. So that the output target of this service activity is 1). The creation of religious tourism development in Benowo village, 2) The creation of religious tourism governance
APLIKASI PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION SEBAGAI UPAYA REDUKSI NYERI DAN KECEMASAN
Authors:   Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya, Natosba Jum , Purwanto Sigit , Jaji Jaji , Rizona Firnaliza
Published: February 2021

Nyeri dan kecemasan merupakan dua gejala yang paling sering dirasakan oleh penderita kanker. Pengobatan terhadap keluhan penderita kanker ini dapat ilakukan melalui terapi komplementer sebagai pelengkap. Salah satu teknik relaksasi yaitu PMR yang dilakukan dengan cara menegangkan otot secara sementara, kemudian kembali diregangkan dimulai dari kepala sampai kaki secara bertahap. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masayarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan adaptasi pasien kanker terhadap nyeri dan kecemasan yang dirasakannya. Kegiatan dilakukan selama satu hari dengan latihan bertempat di ruangan serbaguna di wisma RSMH Palembang. Sebelumnya pada awal kegiatan dilakukan pengukuran terkait nyeri dan kecemasan. Selanjutnya akhir sesi latihan dilakukan pengukuran lagi untuk nyeri dan kecemasan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan di wisma RSMH Palembang, 12 orang pasien kanker yang menghadiri kegiatan tersebut. Selama penyuluhan peserta penyuluhan antusias dalam mendengarkan, melaksanakan senam, mengulangi gerakan senam dan berdiskusi dengan narasumber. Terdapat penurunan nyeri dan kecemasan sebelum dan sesuedah dilakukan PMR. PMR bekerja meningkatkan kerja saraf parasimpatis dan menurunkan stimulasi sistem saraf simpatis serta hipotalamus sehingga pengaruh stres fisik terhadap keduanya menjadi minimal. Berdasarkan pemahaman inilah latihan PMR mampu mengurangi distress akibat gejala fisik.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG PENANGANAN UDEM PADA KAKI DAN KECEMASAN PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III DI PUSKESMAS AIR DINGIN PADANG
Authors:   STIKes Mercubaktijaya Padang, Rahmayanti Rini , Hamdayani Delvi , Saputra Yaumul Rhama , Yuliani Ria Utami , Efrad Darmaji
Published: February 2021

The risk of pregnancy is quite anxious for pregnant women, although it is known that physical and psychological changes will occur in the pregnancy process. These physical changes are in the form of increased hormones which can also affect a person's mood, back pain, leg cramps or tingling, and swollen feet that often occur at night and interfere with the quality of sleep of pregnant women. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge to pregnant women about edema and anxiety in the 3rd trimester and complementary therapies that can be done. This activity is carried out by the method of lectures, discussions and demonstrations. This activity was held on October 10, 2019 and was attended by 22 pregnant women. The results obtained were an increase in the knowledge, understanding, and ability of participants in understanding the material presented in this service activity. It was found that 80% of the audience present were able to mention the meaning of foot edema and anxiety, 75% of the audience present were able to mention and demonstrate how to soak feet in warm water. Health education can be carried out by health workers to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about edema and anxiety and its handling.
The Planckian Distribution Equation As A Novel Method To Predict The Efficacy Of Breast Cancer Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Rajan Shreshth
Published: February 2021

Chemotherapy-related deaths, the result of treatment with faulty medications, account for nearly 10% of all breast cancer deaths (Rashbass, 2016). Patient-specific, personalized medicine is evidently required to administer optimized therapeutics and prevent treatment-related mortality. In order to develop a predictive model for breast cancer therapy, the following study analyzed the mRNA data of 4,704 genes derived from 20 breast cancer patients before and after doxorubicin treatment for 16 weeks (O’brien et al., 2006; Perou et al., 2000). The genomic data of each patient was first stratified into 9 groups (corresponding to the 9 Mechanisms defined in Figure 4) based on mRNA expression in response to the tumor and to the doxorubicin treatment. The study then employed the Planckian Distribution Equation (PDE) discovered at Rutgers University to model the stratified samples by transforming each mechanism into a single long-tailed histogram fitted by the PDE. Our PDE model is based on 3 parameters - A, B, and C - of which 2 were extracted from each model to generate the plots seen in figures 5e and 5f. The drug-induced slopes of the A vs C plots were then determined for all 9 mechanisms of each patient. The study observed an increase in post-treatment mRNA levels for longer surviving patients in 6 mechanisms. Further analysis displayed how the drug treatment uniquely altered each of the mechanisms based on the length of patient survival. These results indicate that the PDE-based procedures described herein may provide a novel tool for discovering potential anti-breast cancer pharmaceuticals.
Energetic Materials Performance Enhancement Through Predictive Programming the Spatial Structure and Physics-Chemical Properties of the Functionalized Carbon-Based Nano-Sized Additive
Authors: Lukin Alexander
Published: February 2021

A new generation of nano-technologies is expanding solid propulsion capabilities and increasing their relevance for versatile and manoeuvrable micro-satellites with safe high-performance propulsion. We propose the innovative concept, connected with application of new synergistic effect of the energetic materials performance enhancement and reaction zones programming for the next generation small satellite multimode solid propulsion system. The main idea of suggested concept is manipulating by the self-organized wave patterns excitation phenomenon, by the properties of the energetic materials reaction zones and by localization of the energy release areas. This synergistic effect can be provided through application of the functionalized carbon-based nanostructured metamaterials as a nano-additives along with simultaneous manipulating by their properties through the electrostatic field. Mentioned effect will be controlled through predictive programming both by the spatial structure and physics-chemical properties of the functionalized carbon-based nano-additives and through the electromagnetic control of the self-organized wave pattern excitation and micro- and nano- scale oscillatory networks in the energetic material reaction zones. Suggested new concept makes it possible to increase the energetic material regression rate and increase the thrust of the solid propulsion system with minimal additional energy consumption.
Pengembangan Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Peserta Didik Melalui Model Pembelajaran Prepare, Do, Review pada Materi Indikator Asam Basa
Authors: Bestiana Desti  , Hadinugrahaningsih Tritiyatma , Yusmaniar
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Prepare, Do, Review pada materi indikator asam basa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 36 Jakarta pada tahun ajaran 2018/2019 pada 33 peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui tes esai, observasi, dan reflektif jurnal. Model pembelajaran Prepare, Do, Review memiliki tiga tahapan, yaitu persiapan, melakukan kegiatan, dan peninjauan. Kemampuan berpikir analitis meliputi tiga indikator, yaitu membedakan, menghubungkan, dan mengorganisasikan. Indikator kemampuan berpikir analitis yang ingin dicapai disesuaikan dengan indikator pencapaian kompetensi yang ada. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukkan sebanyak 84,85% peserta didik mencapai level pencapaian baik sekali; sebanyak 15,15% peserta didik mencapai level baik; dan tidak ada peserta didik yang berada pada level cukup, kurang serta kurang sekali. Pada tiap indikator kemampuan berpikir analitis pada materi indikator asam basa tidak terdapat peserta didik pada level kurang dan kurang sekali yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik mengalami perkembangan. Prepare, Do, Review menciptakan proses pembelajaran bermakna karena peserta didik memiliki pengalaman pada setiap proses pembelajaran, sehingga dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik.
Belarus Power Engineering System Modeling Taking into Account the Nuclear Power Plant Commissioning
Authors: Mikhalevic A. A. , Rak U. A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the analysis of the specific features of modeling the operation of energy systems with a large share of nuclear power plants (NPP). The study of operating conditions and characteristics of different power units showed that a power engineering system with a large share of NPP and CHPP requires more detailed modeling of operating modes of generating equipment. Besides, with an increase in the share of installations using renewable energy sources, these requirements are becoming tougher. A review of the literature revealed that most often the curve of the load duration and its distribution between blocks are used for modeling energy systems. However, since this method does not reflect a chronological sequence, it can only be used if there are no difficulties with ensuring power balance. Along with this, when the share of CHP and nuclear power plants is high, to maintain a balance of power one must know the parameters and a set of powered equipment not only currently but, also, in the previous period. But this is impossible if a curve of load duration is used. For modeling, it is necessary to use an hourly load curve and to calculate the state of the energy system for each subsequent hour in chronological order. In the course of a comparative analysis of available computer programs, it was not possible to identify a suitable model among the existing ones. The article presents a mathematical model developed by the authors, which makes us possible to simulate the operation of a power engineering system with a large share of NPP and CHPP while maintaining the power balance for each hour of the forecast period. Verification of the proposed model showed good accuracy of the methods used.
Experiments and Computational Research of Biomass Pyrolysis in a Cylindrical Reactor
Authors: Mitrofanov A. V. , Mizonov V. E. , Vasilevich S. V. , Malko M. V.
Published: February 2021

The article features an experimental study of thermally thin biomass samples (beech wood particles 17×8×6 mm) pyrolysis in a laboratory scale batch reactor. The reactor was a cylindrical steel body with internal diameter of 200 mm and height of 500 mm. The temperature of a lateral surface of the cylinder during the experiment was being kept constant (550 °C) due to electrical heating. The initial loading of the apparatus was about 4 kg with moisture content of about 14 % by weight. During the experiment, the temperature values of the material being pyrolyzed were recorded at two points of the radial coordinate, viz. at the wall of the apparatus and on its axis. A one-dimensional numerical model of the nonstationary process of biomass conversion (heat and mass transfer in combination with the Avrami – Erofeev reaction model) has been proposed and verified. The reactor is represented as a set of a countable number of cylindrical layers, considered as cells (representative meso-volumes) with an ideal mixing of the properties inside. The cylindrical surfaces that form cells are considered to be isothermal. The size of the cells is chosen to be sufficiently large in comparison with the individual particles of the layer, which makes it possible to consider the temperature field inside the cell volume as monotonic. The evolution of the temperature distribution over the radius of a cylindrical reactor is determined on the basis of a difference approximation of the process of non-stationary thermal conductivity. The calculated forecasts and experimental data showed a good agreement, which indicates the adequacy of the developed mathematical model of pyrolysis and makes it possible to recommend it for engineering calculations of biomass pyrolysis. This model can also be useful in improving the understanding of the basic physical and chemical processes occurring in the conditions of biomass pyrolysis.
Formal modeling of human reasoning: errors, limitations and Baconian bees
Authors: Urbański Mariusz
Published: February 2021

Since the end of the XX century we are witnessing a practical, or cognitive, turn in logic. Drawing on enormous achievements brought about by the mathematical turn that started more than a hundred years ago, logic now has came back to its Artistotelian roots as an instrument by which we come to know anything. The re-forged alliance between logic – now well equipped with sophisticated formal tools – and psychology results in more and more substantial developments in studies on human reasoning and problem solving. To reap the fruits of this alliance we need to be aware that it leads to a shift in focal points of interest of such studies as well as to expansion of their methodological repertoire. In this paper I argue that the practical turn in logic results in: (1) the concept of error becoming crucial for formal modeling of human reasoning processes, (2) prescriptive perspective, which takes into account human limitations in information processing, becoming the most interesting vantage point for such research and (3) triangulation of formal methods, quantitative approach and qualitative analyses becoming most effective methodology in formal modeling studies.
О выразительных возможностях отдельных расширений четырехзначной логики Белнапа
Authors: Девяткин Леонид Юрьевич
Published: February 2021

Статья посвящена замкнутым классам функций четырехзначной логики. Мы представляем следующие результаты:

(1) Базовые операции логики, полученной расширением четырехзначной алгебры Де Моргана оператором конфляции, порождают замкнутый класс всех функций, которые одновременно сохраняют классические истинностные значения и самодвойственны относительно конфляции. Этот класс предполон в классе всех функций, сохраняющих классические истинностные значения.

(2) Между замкнутым классом, порожденным базовыми операциями логики истины фон Вригта и классом всех функций, сохраняющих классические истинностные значения, лежит в точности два замкнутых класса. Каждый из них представляет собой класс всех функций, одновременно сохраняющих классические истинностные значения и одно из трехэлементных надмножеств множества классических истинностных значений.

(3) Базовые операции тетравалентной модальной логики, полученной расширением четырехзначной алгебры Де Моргана оператором необходимости, порождают замкнутый класс всех функций, которые одновременно сохраняют классические истинностные значения, самодвойственны относительно конфляции, а также сохраняют оба трехэлементных надмножества множества классических истинностных значений. Мы показываем, что данный класс предполон в классе всех функций, которые одновременно сохраняют классические истинностные значения и самодвойственны относительно конфляции. Кроме того, мы демонстрируем, что между этим классом и замкнутым классом, порожденным операциями логики истины фон Вригта, находится в точности один замкнутый класс.

Таким образом мы получаем семиэлементную решетку, состоящую из всех возможных четырехзначных расширений тетравалентной модальной логики, которые сохраняют классические истинностные значения.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS ERGONÔMICA DOS POSTOS DE TRABALHO DOS TÉCNICOS ADMINISTRATIVOS DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL CATARINENSE CAMPUS SÃO BENTO DO SUL
Authors: Heloisa Buchmann  , Paula Bacca  , Bruno Guimaraes
Published: February 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa é identificar os riscos ergonômicos dos postos de trabalho dos técnicos administrativos do Instituto Federal Catarinense campus São Bento do Sul. Participaram da pesquisa 10 servidores que responderam um questionário para identificação dos riscos ergonômicos e também foi aplicado checklist para análise dos postos de trabalho. Os resultados mostraram que 60% dos servidores julgam não possuir intervalos bem estabelecidos o que pode estar relacionado à velocidade do trabalho, pois 60% dos técnicos consideram seu ritmo de trabalho rápido. Após aobtenção dos resultados finais, serão propostas adaptações aos postos de trabalho dos técnicos administrativos.