THE INFLUENCE OF DOUBLE AND TRIPLE TASKS ON RECOVERING BALANCE DURING WALKING IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN INJURIES
Authors: Rokoshevska V. V. , Kovalyk A. B. 
Published: October 2022

The work highlights the problem of restoration of dynamic balance during walking in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Determining and correcting gait and balance disorders is a significant challenge for the rehabilitation and recovery of people who have suffered a TBI, although it is generally not known to the end which means and methods of treatment will be the most effective.  Restoring balance and walking is also an aspect of fall prevention. Cognitive deficits, which are a frequent consequence of TBI, can also negatively affect the quality of walking, so understanding how the combination of attention and mobility can affect the balance and safety of patients with neurological disorders is a very important issue. The aim of the study was to develop and test the effectiveness of dual- and triple-task-based programs to restore balance during walking in individuals with Rancho level 7 traumatic brain injury.

The objectives of the study: to analyze the scientific evidence literature on the peculiarities of disorders in craniocerebral trauma, as well as on the use of double and triple tasks in dynamic balance disorders during walking, to develop programs based on the use of double and triple tasks to improve dynamic balance under walking time in individuals with brain injury with Rancho level 7, to test the effectiveness of programs based on the use of dual and triple tasks to improve dynamic balance during walking in individuals with brain injury with Rancho level 7, to develop practical recommendations for physical therapists working on improving dynamic balance during walking in individuals with TBI.

The following methods were used in the research: analysis of scientific and methodical literature; sociological methods (survey, case history, observation and data analysis); clinical and instrumental research methods (International Classification of Functioning, Rancho Scale, Berg Balance, Community Mobility and Balance Scale), methods of mathematical statistics.

In this work, the effectiveness of individual physical therapy programs for restoring balance during walking, which are based on the use of double and triple tasks, was developed and tested. Practical recommendations for physical therapists working on restoring dynamic balance during walking were developed.

Physical therapy programs were selected individually and differed for each participant, although the tasks could be similar or the same, the dosage and the order of execution was different for each participant. The selection of exercises and tasks was based on survey data and information obtained from questionnaires that each participant filled out before the start of the study.

The practical significance lies in the development of practical guidelines for physical therapists regarding the use of dual and triple tasks to restore dynamic balance during walking in individuals with Rancho level 7 TBI.

We determined that the application of dual and triple tasks contributes to the improvement of dynamic balance during walking in individuals with brain injury, therefore we decided to test the effectiveness of the application of dual and triple tasks to restore dynamic balance during walking in individuals with TBI.