bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design Optimization and Analysis of Trenching Excavator Bucket
Authors: Sinai Kakodkar Anish Anant  , Potdar Yogita , Haldankar Mahesh , Hegde Pradosh Pramod
Published: September 2024

This research centers on the design optimization and analysis of a trenching excavator bucket using ANSYS engineering simulation software. The study explores modifications, such as decreasing bucket height by 35mm and increasing side plate width to 12mm compared to the stock configuration1. The analysis primarily focuses on evaluating Equivalent Elastic Strain and Total Deformation using ANSYS to ensure improved digging performance and structural integrity. Excavator buckets are vital components in earth-moving operations, and their efficiency directly affects productivity and operational costs. By leveraging ANSY advanced capabilities, this study aims to propose an optimized bucket design that enhances trenching efficiency and durability. The findings provide valuable insights for manufacturers and engineers seeking to elevate excavator bucket technology and improve construction and mining operations through enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness.
Polatlı - Gordion Bölgesi Kültür Envanterlerinin Güncel Sanat Uygulamaları Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kırmızıgül Fırat Çağrı
Published: September 2024

Anadolu coğrafyası çeşitli topluluk ve medeniyetlerin ilk kurulmaya başladığı günden bugüne her daim merkezi bir konumda bulunmuş, bu sebeple de çok sayıda medeniyet ve kültüre de ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Bu coğrafyada belirli bir dönem hüküm süren Frigler de Anadolu’nun orta ve batı bölgelerinin bir bölümünde söz sahibi olmuş, dünya kültür mirasına ortaya çıkardıkları çok sayıda farklı kültürel unsurlarla önemli ölçüde katkılar sunmuştur. Bu çalışma kapsamında Frig uygarlık ve medeniyeti üzerinden Friglerin başkenti olan günümüzde Ankara’nın Polatlı ilçesinde bulunan Gordion bölgesinde kültürel ve teknik gezi çalışmaları yapılmış, oluşturulan bu dokümantasyona bağlı olarak bölgede bulunan ve sergilenen bulgular detaylı bir biçimde araştırılmış; bu araştırmalar üzerinden çeşitli özgün ve bireysel sanat çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Üretilen çalışmalar sanatsal bir metodolojiye bağlı kalınarak Frig uygarlığı temelli çeşitli bilgiler, bulgular, simgeler, semboller ve yazılar üzerinden ilham alınmış olup günümüzün dijital ve disiplinlerarası sanat üretme pratikleriyle birleştirilerek karışık teknik ve dijital yöntemlerle özgün, iki boyutlu sanat uygulamaları şeklinde ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bireysel olarak üretilen bu çalışmalar ile bölgenin arkeolojik araştırmalarla ortaya çıkan eserlerinin dünya mirasında ne kadar önemli bir konumda olduğu amaçlanmış, ayrıca bölgenin geçmiş ile günümüz kuşakları arasında bir bağlantı görevi görmesinde dinamik bir etkiye sahip olduğunun farkındalığı anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.
ATRASOS E PARALISAÇÕES EM OBRAS PÚBLICAS DE MACRODRENAGEM E O NOVO MARCO LEGAL DO SANEAMENTO
Authors: Ferreira Rejane Maria de Vasconcelos , Cabral Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira , Rabbani Emília Rahnemay Kohlman
Published: September 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as causas de atrasos e paralisações em obras de macrodrenagem à luz da literatura técnica e do Novo Marco Legal do Saneamento. O método utilizado foi dividido entre um estudo de caso; uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, para apontar as causas universais; análise bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados mostram coerência entre as causas apontadas pela literatura e as encontradas no estudo de caso e que as expectativas geradas pelo Novo Marco, podem não se consolidar. A ideia de que a abertura do setor para investidores privados e as privatizações das empresas estatais de Saneamento, resolveriam os problemas, pode não ser verdadeira; a exemplo do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (PAC), que injetou bilhões no setor e os resultados não foram satisfatórios.
The use of viruses in anti-cancer therapies – new achievements and challenges
Authors: Grudnik Małgorzata , Grudnik Katarzyna , Słomian Maciej , Prokurat Monika , Lau Karolina , Kryszczyszyn-Musialik Katarzyna
Published: September 2024

Wirusy odgrywają coraz większą rolę w nowatorskich strategiach terapeutycznych, co podkreśla ich rosnącą rolę w dziedzinie onkologii. Wykorzystanie wirusów onkolitycznych do selektywnego rozpoznawania ognisk i skutecznej likwidacji chorych komórek od wielu lat cieszy się rosnącym zainteresowaniem wśród naukowców i lekarzy. Ze względu na unikalne cechy ich zastosowania, takie jak większy niż w przypadku stosowania wyłącznie terapii konwencjonalnych komfort pacjentów, pozytywna odpowiedź organizmu na leczenie oraz lepsze wskaźniki przeżywalności pacjentów, terapie z zastosowaniem wirusów mogą w przyszłości stać się kluczowym filarem nowoczesnej onkologii, szczególnie w połączeniu z terapiami skojarzonymi. Zakłada się, że dalsze badania nad specyfiką wirusów oraz ich interakcjami pozwolą na rozwinięcie bardziej precyzyjnych i skutecznych terapii immunologicznych ukierunkowanych na leczenie nowotworów. Jednak zważywszy na dynamiczny charakter tych strategii, konieczne staje się równoczesne ścisłe monitorowanie potencjalnych zagrożeń związanych z zastosowaniem wirusoterapii, aby zapewnić bezpieczeństwo pacjentów. W pracy skupiono się na analizie zastosowania wirusów w onkologii i pojawiających się nowych wyzwaniach związanych z badaniami klinicznymi, kładąc szczególny nacisk na ich specyficzność, wszechstronność oraz kierunek, w jakim zmierzają nowoczesne formy leczenia.
Nutrient requirements of broilers: an overview of factors affecting feed formulation
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, Mateos Gonzalo G. , Talegón Guillermo ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, Aguirre Lewis ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, Corrales Nereida L. ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain, Lázaro Rosa ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
Published: September 2024

The information available on the nutrient requirements of broilers to maximize production or economics returns, is abundant but the data are often inconsistent because of factors such as the methodology used to estimate bird requirements and the differences in the nutritional value attributed to each ingredient. This chapter reviews some of the key factors affecting feed formulation, recent trends and current feed programs as well as options for improvement.
Advances in understanding poultry digestive anatomy and physiology
Authors:   Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Svihus Birger
Published: September 2024

A well-functioning digestive tract is key to a sustainable poultry production. Significant progress in our understanding of the digestive tract functionality has allowed for further improvements, and will continue to do so. Feed intake is a prerequisite for a high performance, where feed particle size is a key element. Although crop retention would potentially improve the digestion process, the practice of ad libitum feeding does not fully stimulate to its maximal use. The gizzard plays a very important role due to its very effective fine grinding and its role as a feed-flow regulator, but structural components need to be included in the diet. As material passes into the relatively short small intestine, it is remarkably quickly digested and absorbed. Fermentation in the caeca may contribute to some energy for the bird, but its major role seems to be water reabsorption, including from urine being refluxed into the caeca from the cloaca.
Poultry feedstuff management and feed formulation utilizing big data
Authors:   Brilliant Alternatives Inc., USA, Brill Bob , Clark Matthew ,   FeedGuys Resources Pte Ltd., Malaysia, Meghji Mirza ,   Salama Systems Inc., USA
Published: September 2024

A feed formulation program is used to determine a compound feed that meets all of its nutritional requirements and is at the lowest possible cost (least cost). This chapter addresses current challenges facing feed formulation programs, including the need to account for sustainability issues as well as the increasing range and volume of high-quality data on feedstuff composition and effects on poultry growth. The chapter discusses solutions such as tools for importing new data into the formulation database, developing linear and non-linear optimizers to handle a greater range and volume of data and the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in future feed formulation.
Emerging protein sources for poultry feed
Authors:   Fiji National University, Fiji Islands, Bakare Archibold G. , Olugbemi Taiye ,   Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria, Ari Mohammed M. ,   Nasarawa State University, Nigeria, Iji Paul A ,   Fiji National University, Fiji Islands,   University of New England, Australia
Published: September 2024

The global poultry industry tends to depend on a limited number of feed ingredients, which face a number of environmental and other problems. The objective of this chapter is to examine emerging, alternative ingredients for potential use locally or for development into global protein sources for the poultry industry.
Using macroalgae/seaweed and microalgae in poultry feed
Authors:   INRAE Nouzilly, France, Baéza Elisabeth , Berri Cécile ,   INRAE Nouzilly, France, Coudert Edouard ,   Roullier, France
Published: September 2024

This chapter describes the main nutritional characteristics of algae and the current knowledge on their effects in poultry production with consideration to their impacts on animal health, growth performance, and product quality (eggs and meat). The chemical and nutritional value of algae is explored, along with extraction methods and the benefits of algae to animals. The authors then describe their impacts on laying hen production, covering egg productivity, quality and composition, as well as hens' health. Finally algae's effect on broiler chicken production is reviewed, covering growth performance, meat production and quality, and broiler health.
The Transition from University to the Labor Market with a Focus on Gender
Authors:   , Yükselen Ipek
Published: September 2024

The transition from university to the labor market is an important stage for university graduates, with long-lasting effects on their careers (e.g., Gerhart, 1990; Oyer, 2006; Kahn, 2010; Oreopoulos et al., 2012). This dissertation examines critical factors influencing this transition, with a particular focus on gender differences and the impact of information on labor market outcomes. The findings of this dissertation are key to understanding the gender gap at the beginning of a career and identifying factors that are crucial for a successful transition into the labor market. In addition, it highlights the role of information frictions during this period and how reducing them can affect labor market outcomes. This understanding can help inform policies and practices aimed at smoothing the transition of graduates from university to the labor market and at reducing the gender gaps in the early stages of careers.
Interfaces tangíveis para uma educação inclusiva
Authors: Preuss Evandro , Lorandi Alexandra , Werner Sheyla , Henriques Renato , Baldassarri Sandra
Published: September 2024

O uso de interfaces tangíveis para fins educacionais é um recurso de tecnologia assistiva que apresenta forte potencial para a educação, podendo proporcionar um incremento no engajamento e motivação dos estudantes. Os principais problemas encontrados para a utilização de mesas tangíveis no ambiente educacional são os altos custos dos produtos comerciais, a ausência de softwares para a sua programação e uso de acordo com as necessidades educacionais e a dificuldade para utilizar e criar aplicações. Este artigo apresenta a utilização de uma plataforma digital para produção de recursos educacionais tangíveis para uso na educação inclusiva, baseada numa mesa tangível de baixo custo construída com produtos convencionais, juntamente com a avaliação e validação da aplicação. A plataforma é uma solução de tecnologia assistiva que utiliza uma ferramenta de autoria com um editor intuitivo e de fácil utilização para criação de recursos educacionais, juntamente com um player para executar as aplicações em mesas tangíveis e que permite também a execução simulada em computadores, tablets e smartphones. As aplicações para mesa tangível são formadas por um conjunto de cenas contendo áudios, vídeos, imagens, textos e animações e podem ser utilizadas na educação inclusiva como um instrumento de mediação tecnológica com atividades pedagógicas para realizar experimentações, apresentar conteúdos e narrativas e resolver desafios e jogos.
Um retrato sobre o conhecimento tecnológico pedagógico do conteúdo de professores de química durante a pandemia a partir do olhar discente
Authors: Bedin Everton , Cleophas Maria das Graças
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa apresenta uma visão geral sobre a possível presença do perfil conceitual do Conhecimento Tecnológico Pedagógico do Conteúdo (CTPC) de professores de química durante a pandemia. Para tanto, investigou-se as concepções de 324 discentes de diferentes regiões do Brasil na busca de indícios que possam denotar predominâncias de domínios do conhecimento que compõem a estrutura CTPC. A estatística descritiva e a análise indutiva foram utilizadas para analisar os dados constituídos a partir de um questionário na escala Likert. Os achados indicam haver uma compreensão básica do domínio do Conhecimento Tecnológico pelos professores, ao invés de um conhecimento mais integrado do CTPC, bem como que os docentes demonstraram uma combinação dos conhecimentos da tecnologia, da pedagogia e do conteúdo em vez de uma integração dos três domínios necessários para formar a intersecção central do CTPC.
Professores da Educação Básica em tempos pandêmicos
Authors: Lima Cássio de Almeida , Freitas Wesley Miranda Lourenço de , Filho Geraldo Alemandro Leite , Lima Celina Aparecida Gonçalves , Silveira Marise Fagundes
Published: September 2024

A pandemia do novo coronavírus propiciou impacto na economia brasileira, com consequente criação do Benefício Financeiro Emergencial como forma de amenizar a repercussão econômica na vida dos brasileiros. Este estudo teve por objetivo estimar a prevalência e verificar os fatores associados ao recebimento de benefício financeiro emergencial durante a pandemia de Covid-19 entre professores da Rede Pública da Educação Básica do estado Minas Gerais (MG), Brasil. Trata-se de um inquérito epidemiológico do tipo websurveys, realizado entre agosto e setembro de 2020, que contou com a participação de 15.641 docentes. Utilizou-se o modelo múltiplo de regressão de Poisson para estimar a magnitude das associações. A prevalência de recebimento do benefício financeiro emergencial foi estimada em 17,2%, sendo mais elevada entre docentes do polo regional norte, da zona rural, que viviam com o cônjuge, que tinham menor renda familiar, ficaram sem rendimento ou tiveram a renda diminuída na pandemia e entre aqueles cujo provedor da família era outro familiar. A renda emergencial demonstrou ser efetiva, atendendo professores em situação de vulnerabilidade. Recomenda-se a formulação e implementação de políticas e práticas de proteção a esse importante grupo populacional, que promovam adequadas condições de vida, saúde e trabalho.
Strategies for fostering intra-entrepreneurial behaviour: the role of high performance work practices and knowledge management processes
Authors: Portalanza-Chavarría Alexandra , Revuelto-Taboada Lorenzo
Published: September 2024

Established firms are increasingly adopting practices aimed at fostering intrapreneurial initiatives to ensure their long-term survival. This paper analyzes the role that employee perceptions of high-performance work systems and knowledge management processes can play in fostering intrapreneurial behavior. The findings offer guidance to help practitioners promote these behaviors, highlighting the importance of high-performance work systems that enhance knowledge management processes, particularly knowledge sharing.
Tatiana Morales: “me siento la argamasa que une las diferentes partes de la empresa”
Authors: García-Cabrera Antonia Mercedes , García-Soto María Gracia
Published: September 2024

Este caso ilustra cómo una empresa que opera en un sector masculinizado, pone en valor las cualidades profesionales de la persona, frente a su género, en la elección del director general. También ilustra cómo la candidata elegida imprime un nuevo estilo de gestión, basado en los rasgos comunales que se atribuyen a las mujeres (ej. sociable, interdependiente) y al liderazgo femenino (ej. cooperativa). De esta forma, la comunicación, la transparencia y el sentido de equipo, se convierten en los pilares de la empresa, que le permiten abordar retos relevantes, entre ellos los derivados de la pandemia provocada por la COVID-19.
Predictive Model of the Effects of Skin Phototype and Body Mass Index on Photobiomodulation Therapy for Orofacial Disorders
Authors: Cassemiro Alice , Motta Lara Jansiski , Fiadeiro Paulo , Fonseca Elsa
Published: September 2024

Monte Carlo techniques have been extensively used for planning laser-based clinical procedures such as photobiomodulation. However, the effect of several biological tissue characteristics, including morphological structure and physiological parameters, has not been carefully addressed in many applications. Specifically, many questions remain concerning the effect of skin phototype and body mass index on the efficacy of photobiomodulation for extraoral therapies. To address these questions, a Monte Carlo simulation model was developed to analyze the effects of body mass index-dependent skin structure and Fitzpatrick skin type, specifically tailored for the morphological characteristics of cheek tissue. The model describes the settings of a typical oral photobiomodulation treatment protocol for pain relief, namely the use of 660 nm and 808 nm laser wavelengths and a therapeutic dose of 2.0 J/cm² on the masseter muscle. The simulations were used to train a machine learning predictive model aimed at accelerating the treatment planning stage and assessing the importance of patient-specific parameters. A multiple regression approach was adopted to predict muscle dose and treatment time for the effective delivered dose.
Immobilization of Phospholipase D on Magnetic Graphene Oxide for Efficient Phosphatidylserine Production
Authors: Shang Huiyi , Guo Bishan , Wang Juntan , Li Huijuan , Zhu Haihua
Published: September 2024

Phosphatidylserine (PS) has significant applications in various sectors, such as the medical and food industries. However, its production relies heavily on phospholipase D (PLD), a crucial tool that is hindered by issues like poor stability and irrecoverability. Immobilization presents itself as an effective solution to overcome these limitations. In this study, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) modified with amino (-NH2) were synthesized and utilized for PLD immobilization. The activity of the immobilized PLD (MGO-PLD) reached 3062 U/gMGO, with a specific activity of 33.9 U/mgPLD, virtually identical to that of the free PLD. MGO-PLD was utilized to synthesize PS efficiently in a biphasic system. Under optimal conditions, PS yield reached 18.66 g/L, with a conversion rate of 92.8% and a productivity of 3.11 g/L/h. Notably, MGO-PLD retained an impressive PS conversion rate of 77.4% even after seven repetitive usages. Moreover, MGO-PLD displayed enhanced thermal and pH resistance properties compared to free PLD, alongside an augmented storage stability. Post a 8-week preservation at 4°C, its residual activity was able to maintain at 76.3%. This study provides a sustainable and highly efficient pathway for biocatalytic synthesis of PS.
Long-Term Effects of Nitrogen Sources on Yields, Nitrogen Use Efficiencies, and Soil
Authors: Delgado Jorge A. , D'Adamo Robert E , Stewart Catherine E , Floyd Bradley , Del Grosso Steve J , Manter Daniel K , Halvorson Ardell D , Brandt Amber
Published: September 2024

Corn is both the most important and nitrogen (N)-fertilized crop, but N losses from agricultural systems impact the environment. There is a lack of long-term data comparing effects of tilled systems receiving organic N fertilizer (TONF; e.g., manure) versus inorganic N fertilizer (TINF; e.g., urea) on N balance and losses. A long-term study assessing effects of TONF and TINF and comparing them to no till (NT) and strip till (ST) systems receiving inorganic nitrogen fertilizer (INF) was conducted with an irrigated continuous corn (CC) system with minimal erosion in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. An N balance found a system nitrogen use efficiency (NUESys) for TONF (manure) of 86.3%, which was higher than the NUESys of TINF (enhanced efficiency fertilizer, EEF) of 60.2%. TONF (manure) contributed to higher HGY (2 of 11 yr.), higher C sequestration (P<0.05), and higher soil organic N content (P<0.05) than TINF. Soil phosphorus (P) and nitrate were higher with TONF than TINF (P<0.05). Both TONF and TINF had higher HGY and HGY N content (HGYN) than NT and ST (P<0.05). From 2012 to 2023, the HGY of the TONF did not decrease, while the HGY of TINF decreased with time (P<0.05). TONF is a best management practice to increase yields and N and C sequestration while reducing N losses compared to TINF and achieving higher yields than NT and ST. A combination of manure (30% of N input) with EFF (70% of N input) contributed to a synergistic effect that increased agronomic productivity.
Microbiological Diagnosis – an Important Tool for Prevention and Management of Peri-Implant Infective Diseases
Authors: Țandără Adrian , Funieru Cristian , Slușanschi Oana , Preoteasa Cristina
Published: September 2024

Peri-implant infective diseases seem to be the most common cause for the late dental implant failure. Therefore, peri-implant microbiota has been intensively studied in modern implantology. Many studies showed a presence of extremely varied microflora in cases of peri-implant infective diseases. The main scope of this observational single-blind study was to analyze the presence of some microbial species in a group of patients with clinical signs of peri-implant mucositis compared to two other groups (patients treated with dental implants but without any clinical signs of peri-implant inflammation and patients treated with no dental implants). The identification of microorganisms was followed by an antibiogram in order to find their sensitivity to various antibiotics. The results showed a microbiota not necessarily specific for each situation (peri-implant infective diseases, healthy tissues around dental implants and healthy natural teeth and gums) with species like Candida albicans, Neisseria mucosa, Prevotella, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus and others. Peri-implant infective diseases presented more bacterial species than other conditions.
Exploring the Impact of Crypto-Ransomware on Critical Industries: Case Studies and Solutions
Authors: Meng Jun Austin Yee , Jinu Bryan Alexander , Seng Lay Kah , Maharaiq Muhamad Haris Firdaus Bin Zainol , Khongsuwan Wadthanak , Junn Bryan Thong Kai , Hao Aidan Au Wen , Sindiramutty Siva Raja
Published: September 2024

Crypto-ransomware has emerged as one of the most significant cybersecurity threats in recent years. Ransomware attacks, particularly those involving the encryption of data and demanding payment in cryptocurrency, have caused severe disruptions across various critical industries, including healthcare, energy, and finance. The proliferation of these attacks is largely attributed to the anonymity provided by cryptocurrency transactions and the increasing sophistication of cybercriminal tactics. The impact of ransomware extends beyond immediate financial losses, often leading to prolonged operational downtime, reputational damage, and even risks to public safety. In this research paper, we explore the growing threat of crypto-ransomware by examining real-life case studies in key industries, analyzing the countermeasures taken, and proposing additional solutions to mitigate the risk. The goal is to raise awareness and provide actionable insights for organizations to better protect themselves against this pervasive threat.
The Evolving Global Epidemiology of Human Melioidosis
Authors: Norman Francesca F , Blair Barbra M , Chamorro-Tojeiro Sandra , Gonzalez-Sanz Marta , Chen Lin H
Published: September 2024

Endemic in over 45 countries globally, recent reports of locally acquired melioidosis in novel geographical areas, such as Southern US, have highlighted the expanding geographical range of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Climate change and severe weather events have been linked to an increase in cases of melioidosis, which follows environmental exposure to the bacterium. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the possibility of the disease, with its diverse and often delayed presentations, even in areas not previously known to have risk. Over 200 cases of travel-associated melioidosis have been reported in the literature, highlighting the need to consider this disease in non-endemic areas, as diagnostic delays of up to 18 months have been identified. The review updates the global epidemiology of melioidosis focusing on new geographical areas where cases have been diagnosed and imported cases, unusual clinical presentations and co-infections, and less frequent modes of transmission (laboratory exposures and the risk of acquisition due to imported infected animals and contaminated products).
Optimized Nanocellulose-Based Magnetic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Antibiotic Adsorption: A Cutting-Edge Strategy in Environmental Remediation
Authors: Uyen Pham Vu Nhat , Anh Tuan Dang
Published: September 2024

The growing threat of antibiotic pollution in water systems demands innovative and sustainable remediation strategies. Nanocellulose-based magnetic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a cutting-edge solution for the adsorption and removal of antibiotics, leveraging their high porosity, magnetic properties, and environmentally friendly nature. This paper provides an in-depth review of recent advancements in nanocellulose-based MOFs, focusing on their synthesis, adsorption mechanisms, and applications in environmental remediation between 2020 and 2024. By summarizing key studies, we highlight their performance in targeting widely used antibiotics such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. The integration of nanocellulose with MOFs not only enhances adsorption capacity but also offers easy recovery, recyclability, and environmental compatibility. This review explores their adsorption mechanisms, practical applications, and future research directions, contributing to the advancement of scalable and sustainable water treatment technologies.
Comparison of Different Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Methods Based on a Severe Rainfall Event in Tuscany, Italy, November 2023
Authors: Biondi Alessio , Facheris Luca , Argenti Fabrizio , Cuccoli Fabrizio
Published: September 2024

Accurate Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) is fundamental for a large number of hydrometeorological applications, especially when addressing extreme rainfall phenomena. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of various rainfall estimation methods, specifically those relying on weather radar data, rain gauge data, and their fusion. The study evaluates the accuracy and reliability of each method in estimating rainfall for a severe event that occurred in Tuscany, Italy. The obtained results indicate that merging radar and rain gauge data outperform both individual approaches by reducing errors and improving the overall reliability of precipitation estimates. The study highlights the importance of data fusion in enhancing the accuracy of QPE and also supports its application in operational contexts, providing evidence for the greater reliability of merging methods
Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori: Data from Central Asia
Authors: Aizhan Seysenbekova , Alyona Lavrinenko , Yelena Laryushina , Otemis Ayatbek , Olga Volnovaya , Solomadin Maxim , Yuchmevich Yekaterina , Chesca Antonella
Published: September 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a global health concern, particularly in regions with a high incidence of stomach cancer. The effective eradication of this bacteria is essential for the prevention and treatment of related gastrointestinal disorders. However, antibiotic resistance has emerged as a significant challenge to effective treatment. This review examines antibiotic resistance among H. pylori populations in Central Asia, a region with limited data on this topic. We critically analyze the available literature, exploring the mechanisms behind resistance and highlighting implications for clinical practice and future research. Despite the lack of studies in the region, data suggest alarming levels of resistance to two common antibiotics, clarithromycin and metronidazole. These results underscore the need for enhanced surveillance and personalized treatment strategies to combat H. pylori infections and reduce the risk of stomach cancer in Central Asian populations.
Self-Esteem, Student Engagement, and Academic Performance in Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia
Authors: Kusmawan Udan
Published: September 2024

Self-esteem and student engagement play critical roles in shaping academic performance, particularly in the context of distance education, where direct classroom interaction is limited. This preliminary study examines the relationships between self-esteem, student engagement, and academic performance among 1,479 students at an Indonesia's open university, Universitas Terbuka. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the study employed multiple validated scales, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Student Engagement Scale, and self-reported academic performance measures, to explore how these variables interact. The results show that self-esteem alone does not significantly predict academic performance (F = 2.31, p = 0.071), but student engagement plays a moderating role, significantly enhancing the effect of self-esteem on academic outcomes (interaction term: B = 0.25, p = 0.010). Additionally, students from matrilineal family systems reported significantly higher self-esteem (M = 3.92, SD = 0.569, p = 0.014) and academic engagement (M = 3.93, SD = 0.870, p < 0.001) compared to their patrilineal counterparts. These preliminary findings highlight psychological and cultural factors in online education, with ongoing qualitative analyses in a broader mixed-method study set to deepen insights into technology challenges and further contribute to distance learning research.
Tellurium-Doped Bioactive Glassinduces Ferroptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells Regardless of FSP1
Authors: Pańczyszyn Elzbieta , Lallukka Mari , Gagliardi Mara , Saverio Valentina , Monzani Romina , Miola Marta , Verné Enrica , Corazzari Marco
Published: September 2024

Human osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare tumor predominantly affecting long bones and characterized by a poor prognosis. Currently, the first line of intervention consists of surgical resection of primary tumors combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, with a profound impact on patient’s life. Since surgical removal of OS frequently results in large resection of bones the use of biomaterials to sustain the stability of remaining tissue and to stimulate bone regeneration is challenging. Moreover, residual neoplastic cells might be responsible for tumor recurrence. Here we explored the potential of doped-bioactive glass as novel therapeutic intervention to both eradicate residual malignant cells and promote bone regeneration. Bioactive glass (BAG) has been extensively studied and employed in the field of regenerative medicine, due to its osseointegration properties and ability to improve bone tissue regeneration. We found that the incorporation of tellurium in BAG selectively kills OS cells through ferroptosis while preserving the viability of hBMSCs, and stimulating their osteodifferentiation. Although the mechanism of Te toxicity is still unclear: i) Te-BAG generates lipid-ROS through LOXs activity but not iron overload; ii) Te-dependent ferroptosis is mediated by GPX4 down-regulation, and iv) abrogates the anti-ferroptotic activity of FSP1, which expression confers resistance of OS to canonical induction of ferroptosis.
Ecological-Health Hazards and Multivariate Assessment of Contamination Sources of Potentially Toxic Elements from Al-Lith Coastal Sediments, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Talal , El-Sorogy Abdelbaset S. , Al-Katany Khaled , Alhaji Suhail
Published: September 2024

To assess contamination levels, sources, and ecological health risks of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the sediments of Al Lith on the Saudi Red Sea coast, 25 samples were collected and analyzed for Zn, V, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Pb, and Fe using ICP-AES. The average concentrations of PTEs (μg/g) were found in the following order: Fe (14259) > V (28.30) > Zn (22.74) > Cr (16.81) > Cu (12.41) > Ni (10.63) > As (2.66) > Pb (2.46). Contamination indices indicated that Al Lith sediments exhibited either no or minimal enrichment of PTEs, with concentrations below the low effects range. This suggests that the primary source of these PTEs is the basement rocks of the Arabian Shield and that they are unlikely to pose a substantial risk to benthic communities. The hazard index (HI) values for PTEs in both adults and children were below 1.0, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic risk. Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) values for Pb, As, and Cr in both adults and children were within acceptable or tolerable levels, posing no significant health threats. However, a few samples showed LCR values exceeding 1 × 10-4, indicating potential risks.
A Retrospective Report of Carprofen Administration as Post-Operative Analgesia Reveals Negative Effects of Recommended Doses
Authors: Jäckel Zoë , Adžemović Ahmed , Kloos Benedikt , Hardung Stefanie , Sanchez-Brandelik Rita , Coulon Philippe , Diester Ilka
Published: September 2024

Effective pain management in laboratory animals is crucial for both animal welfare and the reliability of scientific research. We retrospectively examined the effects of carprofen as post-operative analgesia in Sprague Dawley rats following stereotactic surgery. Our data indicate that administering carprofen twice daily (5 mg/kg), as currently recommended by GV-SOLAS, led to adverse effects such as reduced food and water intake, disrupted fecal excretion, and abdominal bloating consistent with peritonitis. Continued administration exacerbated these symptoms, with post-mortem findings of intestinal obstructions and ulcers. However, when the frequency was reduced to once daily, such adverse symptoms were not observed. These results are based on incidental data collected from various neuroscientific experiments, resulting in small and uneven sample groups across various experimental cohorts. The inherent imbalances in these groups present challenges for statistical interpretation. While the findings suggest that less frequent carprofen use may reduce adverse effects, the surgical interventions and concurrent use of other drugs in these experiments likely exacerbated these outcomes. Further investigation into the interactions between carprofen, surgical stress, and other perioperative factors is needed to refine analgesia protocols in laboratory animals. Despite these limitations, these observations contribute to understanding analgesia protocols and may assist in improving animal welfare practices.
Diagnostic Systematics in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: Case Report
Authors: Cabrales Fuentes José
Published: September 2024

Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is currently a very representative model of development in basic, pathogenic and therapeutic research within the framework of modern clinical oncology. The article aims to present a clinical case of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, a diagnostic approach that takes into consideration the combination of clinical imaging methods, for which a 67-year-old white male patient with a history of macroscopic hematuria is presented, which is why which is treated and placed under follow-up, demonstrating that a successful diagnostic approach has been, is and will always be a fascinating intellectual challenge for doctors, and an inexhaustible source of satisfaction in their professional life, as long as its bases and procedures are mastered. . , this serves as the uniqueness and novelty of the work that is presented.
Study on the Design of a New Three-Dimensional Seismic Isolation Bearing Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm for Bridge Engineering
Authors: Sheng Ying , Yang Zhenchao , Meng Yu , Jia Bin
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: In most cases, passive isolation control methods are commonly used for the seismic isolation design of bridge engineering. However, for passive seismic isolation devices, due to their non-adjustable performance parameters, it is challenging to achieve a good seismic isolation effect for structures under random and variable seismic loads in the wide frequency range of 0 Hz to 20 Hz; (2) Methods: the sensitivity of the design parameters of the seismic isolation bearing was analyzed using the optimization center gradient method, and an improved genetic algorithm was employed to quickly optimize and obtain the optimal design parameters; (3) Results: the effectiveness of the three-dimensional seismic isolation bearing was validated through experiments. (4) Conclusions: The multi-factor sensitivity analysis approach used in this study for designing novel isolation bearings is applicable not only to seismic design in bridges but also serves as a reference for parameter design in isolation bearings requiring medium to high precision in seismic performance.
Bioprospecting of Metsnikowia pulcherrima Strains, Isolated from the Vineyard Ecosystem, as Novel Starter Cultures for Craft Beer Production
Authors: Karaulli Julian , Xhaferaj Nertil , Coppola Francesca , Testa Bruno , Letizia Francesco , Kyçyk Onejda , Kongoli Renata , Ruci Mamica , Lamçe Fatbardha , Sulaj Kapllan , Iorizzo Massimo
Published: September 2024

Several studies in recent years have shown that the use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, used both in single and in mixed fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae can help produce craft beers with distinctive compositional characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of three Metschnikowia pulcherrima strains, isolated from Albanian vineyards, to be used as starters in the brewing process. Due to its specific enzymatic activities (protease, β-glucosidase and β-lyase) and its low production of hydrogen sulfide, M. pulcherrima 62 was selected as a starter culture for the production of craft beer. Specifically, the aptitude of this yeast to be used in sequential inoculation with S. cerevisiae S04 for the production of an American IPA-style beer and the main volatile compounds produced during fermentation were evaluated. Results showed significant differences in glycerol, isoamyl alcohol and isoamyl acetate content in beer obtained with sequential inoculum of M. pulcherrima 62 with S. cerevisiae S04 compared to beer obtained using S. cerevisiae S04 as a single starter. Therefore, these preliminary data support a candidacy of M. pulcherrima 62 as a new starter in the brewing process.
Histological Findings of Resected Tracheal Ring in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Tracheostomized Patients
Authors: Mata-Castro Nieves , Castañeda Vozmediano Raul , Perna Cristian , Prada Carlos , Sanz López Lorena
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study is to compare the histopathological findings in the resected tracheal ring of tracheotomized critically ill patients with or without severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Material and Methods: Prospective case-control study. Data collection period was between May 2020-2022. 80 tracheostomies on patients with long intubation were performed and the resected tracheal ring was examined by standard microscopy. 40 consecutive tracheotomies in COVID-19 patients and 40 in patients without COVID-19 disease were carried out. Results: The mean age was 68.18 years in the COVID group and 56.1 years in the NO COVID group. The male/female ratio was 32/8 versus 29/11 respectively. No relevant histological alterations were found in 82.5% of samples. Chronic subepithelial inflammation was found in 13.8% of cases. Two cases presented vasculitis (2,5%) and one case thrombotic microangiopathy (1,2%), all cases in the COVID group. We found no statistically significant dependence between relevant histologic findings versus no alterations (X2=0.779) no significant indices for measuring association (Rho= 0.1316) and no significant risk indices (RR = 1.8, OR=2.032, PAR= 44%). Conclusion: There is no evidence of increased risk of histopathological findings of the resected tracheal ring in patients with long intubation and COVID-19 disease.
Recommendation to Solve the Difference in Performance Management between Civil Servant in Timor-Leste
Authors: Barros Cristovao de Alexandria
Published: September 2024

Timor-Leste, since its independence in 2002, has faced challenges in managing the growing number of civil servants, currently numbering over 13,000. Civil servants are classified under two regimes: General (GCR) and Special (SCR). This classification leads to disparities in salary, benefits, promotions, and performance evaluations, creating dissatisfaction among employees in both regimes. GCR employees enjoy regular salary increases and promotions based on performance, whereas SCR employees, despite earning higher salaries, do not receive the same opportunities for career advancement. This policy paper analyses these differences and recommends abolishing the dual regime structure. It proposes a unified system where salary progression, benefits, and promotions are based on education level, service length, and performance evaluations. Additional allowances should be provided to those working in rural areas to encourage retention and equitable service delivery. Regular external monitoring and audits are essential for effective performance management. Evidence from Indonesia supports these recommendations, showing that additional allowances and strong leadership improve employee performance and discipline.
Estimation Network for Multiple Chemical Parameters of Astragalus Leaves Based on Attention Mechanism and Multivariate Hyperspectral Features
Authors: Zhou Yulong , Xiao Zhiyun , Bao Tengfei , Fang Tao
Published: September 2024

In the context of smart agriculture, accurately estimating plant leaf chemical parameters is crucial for optimizing crop management and improving agricultural yield. Hyperspectral imaging, with its ability to capture detailed spectral information across various wavelengths, has emerged as a powerful tool in this regard. However, the complex and high-dimensional nature of hyperspectral data poses significant challenges in extracting meaningful features for precise estimation. To address this challenge, this study proposes an end-to-end estimation network for multiple chemical parameters of Astragalus leaves based on attention mechanism (AM) and multivariate hyperspectral features (AM-MHENet). We leveraging HybridSN and multilayer perception (MLP) to extract prominent features from the hyperspectral data of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus (AMM) leaves and stems, as well as the surface and deep soil surrounding AMM roots. This methodology allows us to capture the most significant characteristics present in these hyperspectral data with high precision. The AM is subsequently used to assign weights and integrate the hyperspectral features extracted from different parts of the AMM. The MLP is then employed to simultaneously estimate the chlorophyll content (CC) and nitrogen content (NC) of AMM leaves. Compared with estimation networks that utilize only hyperspectral data from AMM leaves as input, our proposed end-to-end AM-MHENet demonstrates superior estimation performance. Specifically, AM-MHENet achieves an R2 of 0.983 with an RMSE of 0.73 for the estimation of CC in AMM leaves. For NC estimation, AM-MHENet achieves an R2 value of 0.977 with an RMSE of 0.27. These results underscore AM-MHENet’s effectiveness in significantly enhancing the accuracy of both CC and NC estimation in AMM leaves. Moreover, these findings indirectly suggest a strong correlation between the development of AMM leaves and stems, as well as the surface and deep soil surrounding the roots of AMM, and directly highlight the ability of AM to effectively focus on the relevant spectral features within the hyperspectral data. This findings from this study could offer valuable insights into the simultaneous estimation of multiple chemical parameters in plants, thereby making a contribution to the existing body of research in this field.
Sodium, Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase as a Potential Target of the Anti-Tuberculosis Agents, Clofazimine and Bedaquiline
Authors: Mmakola Khomotso , Steel Helen , Said Mohamed , Potjo Moliehi , van der Mescht Mieke , Hlatshwayo Nomsa , Meyer Pieter , Tintinger Gregory , Anderson Ronald , Cholo Moloko
Published: September 2024

Multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients are treated with a standardised, short, WHO-regimen, which includes clofazimine (CFZ) and bedaquiline (BDQ) antibiotics. These two antibiotics lead to development of QT prolongation in patients, inhibiting potassium (K+) uptake by targeting the Kv11.1 (hERG) channel of the cardiomyocytes (CMs). However, the involvement of these antibiotics on other K+ transporters of the CMs, as potential mechanisms of QT prolongation, has not been explored. This study determined the effects of CFZ and BDQ on the sodium, potassium-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) activity of CMs, using the rat cardiomyocytes (RCMs). These cells were treated with varying concentrations of CFZ and BDQ individually and in combination (1.25 - 5 mg/L). Thereafter Na+,K+-ATPase activity was determined, followed by intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantification and cellular viability determination. Both antibiotics demonstrated dose-response inhibition of the Na+,K+-ATPase activity of the RCMs. The greatest inhibition was demonstrated by combinations of CFZ and BDQ, followed by BDQ alone and lastly CFZ. Neither antibiotic, individually or in combination, demonstrated cytotoxicity under the experimental conditions used. The inhibitory effects of CFZ and BDQ individually and in combination, on the activity of the Na+,K+-ATPase pump of the RCMs highlight the existence of additional mechanisms of QT prolongation by these antibiotics.