bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discriminatory ability and prognostic evaluation of presepsin for sepsis-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Zhao Jiangnan , Tan Yan , Wang Li , Shi Yi
Published: June 2020

Sepsis-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has worse clinical outcomes than non-sepsis-related ARDS. Presepsin is known to be elevated in sepsis, but little is known about its discriminatory ability and prognostic evaluation in patients with sepsis-related ARDS. This study was a multicenter prospective cohort study of 225 consecutive ARDS patients. Patients with sepsis-related ARDS had higher presepsin levels than patients with non-sepsis-related ARDS (P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of presepsin (0.81) was significantly greater than that of PCT (0.62) in diagnosing sepsis-related ARDS (P = 0.001). Among patients with sepsis-related ARDS, presepsin levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors (P < 0.001). Presepsin was found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in sepsis-related ARDS. Based on ROC analysis, the addition of presepsin improved discrimination based on SOFA or APACHE II scores from 0.77 to 0.87 or 0.73 to 0.85 (all P < 0.05), respectively. The levels of plasma presepsin were positively correlated with disease severity, as determined by the SOFA score in the sepsis-related ARDS group (P < 0.001). Presepsin is a valuable biomarker for early stratification of sepsis-related ARDS. Higher plasma presepsin levels are associated with increased mortality in sepsis-related ARDS.
Milk phospholipid supplementation mediates colonization resistance of mice againstSalmonellainfection in association with modification of gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Xiu , Kong Xiunan , Qin Yumei , Zhu Xuan , Qu Daofeng , Han Jianzhong
Published: June 2020

Moderate dietary intake of MPs is indispensable to the innate gut microbiota-mediated resistance againstS. Typhimurium, whereas excessive MP supplementation may enhance the susceptibility and severity ofS. Typhimuriuminfection in mice.
Correction: Catalase-like metal–organic framework nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy in hypoxic cancer and prevent cancer recurrence
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Zhong Hui , Wang Jianbo , Wan Xiuyan , Li Yanhua , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Catalase-like metal–organic framework nanoparticles to enhance radiotherapy in hypoxic cancer and prevent cancer recurrence’ by Yuanyuan Chen et al., Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 5773–5778, DOI: 10.1039/C9SC00747D.
Expression profiling of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors identified pathways and gene networks linked to tumorigenesis and metastasis
Authors: Wang Qiang , Yu Chaoran
Published: June 2020

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) remain the most common subset in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors and featured by aggressiveness. However, the molecular feature of SI-NETs remains largely unclear with key genes and pathways yet to be identified. The gene expression profile GSE65286 was retrieved for analysis. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were constructed for the hub genes network models. A total of 613 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between normal (N) and primary tumor (T) groups, whereas 61 DEGs were identified between T and liver metastases (LM) groups. The top Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for the DEGs of N versus T were fat digestion and absorption pathway. For T versus LM the top KEGG pathways were complement and coagulation. In gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), five gene sets, including Notch signaling, inflammatory response, coagulation, KRAS signaling, and allograft rejection were significantly enriched in the T group. The hub genes in the DEGs of T versus LM included albumin, fibrinogen gamma chain, alpha 2-HS glycoprotein, transferrin and GC, vitamin D binding protein. A distinct correlational alteration of hub genes was observed between T and LM groups. In ANN analysis, ALB and TF were the top predictors of metastasis. Moreover, the expression of ALB≤ showed the highest support to T whereas ALB>15.97 supports LM. TF≤7.54 showed the highest negative correlation to the T. This bioinformatics analysis provided insights on potential key pathways and genes networks involved in SI-NETs and established an ANN-based hub gene model for metastatic prediction.
Screening for the Identification of Oral Language Difficulties in Brazilian Preschoolers: A Validation Study
Authors: Puglisi Marina L. , Blasi Helena F. , Snowling Margaret J.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study aimed to develop and validate a screening questionnaire for the early identification of language difficulties in Brazilian Portuguese–speaking preschool children.

Method

The article is divided into two studies. In the first study, we reported the theoretical principles that guided the development of the Screening for Identification of Oral Language Difficulties by Preschool Teachers (SIOLD) and tested the validity of its structure. The psychometric properties of the SIOLD were tested using a sample of 754 children attending Year 1 of preschool. Thirty-two teachers coming from eight different schools completed individual questionnaires for all their students. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the validity of the SIOLD. In the second study, we investigated the accuracy of the questionnaire for identifying children with oral language difficulties using a different sample of 100 preschool children. Using receiver operating characteristic and precision recall curves, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the SIOLD to identify children who showed impaired language performance in a short battery of tests.

Results

The SIOLD has been shown to be a valid and accurate questionnaire for assessing the form and content of oral language in preschool children. It showed good accuracy, with sensitivity ranging between .750 and .857 and specificity of .946 for the identification of language difficulties. Among the cases positively identified by the SIOLD as having language difficulties, 54.5% were true cases of language disorders, while 45.5% were false alarms. The combination of these findings shows that the SIOLD overpredicts positive cases but identifies most children with true language disorders and passes most children without language disorders, as required of a good screening test.

Conclusions

The questionnaire provides a useful tool for enabling Brazilian teachers to refer children with language difficulties to the speech-language services. The theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
SCGN: novel generative model using the convergence of latent space by training
Authors: Kim H. , Jung S.H.
Published: June 2020

Generative models such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been recently applied to various fields. However, the VAE and GAN models have blur and mode collapse problems, respectively. Here, the authors propose a novel generative model, self‐converging generative network (SCGN), to address the issues. Self‐converging means the convergence of latent vectors into themselves through being trained in pairs with training data, by which the SCGN can reconstruct all training data. In the authors’ model, the latent vectors and weights of the generator are alternately trained. Specifically, the latent vectors are trained to follow a normal distribution, using a loss function derived from the Kullback–Leibler divergence and a pixel‐wise loss. The weights of the generator are adjusted for the generator to produce training data by means of a pixel‐wise loss. As a result, their SCGN did not fall into the mode collapse, which occurs in GANs, and made clearer images than VAEs thanks to no use of sampling. Moreover, the SCGN successfully learned the manifold of the dataset in the extensive experiments with CelebA.
Extended coupled Norton model of modern power‐electronic devices for large‐scale harmonic studies in distribution networks
Authors: Müller Sascha , Meyer Jan , Schegner Peter
Published: June 2020

The increasing application of non‐linear power‐electronic based devices in low voltage networks might have a negative impact on power quality, particularly on harmonics. To estimate the harmonic levels or to identify possible resonances, respective network simulations involving a large number of power electronic devices are necessary. These require realistic device models, which need to represent both the harmonic emission and the input admittance characteristic, as otherwise simulations might not converge or result in unrealistic results. While many proposals exist for harmonic emission models, not much approaches can be found regarding the input admittance. This study intends to fill this gap and presents a modelling approach combining the harmonic emission and the input admittance characteristic in a single model. Therefore, the classic Norton model is extended by a generic circuit‐based part, which consists of linear, passive components and is parameterised based on measurements. The extended Norton model is applied to six photovoltaic inverters and 18 electric vehicle chargers and its application are demonstrated in a harmonic simulation.
Die Replikationskrise in der Psychologie
Authors: Spitzer Markus W. H. , Spitzer Manfred
Published: June 2020

Während des letzten Jahrzehnts war die Replikationskrise eines der am meisten diskutierten Themen in der Psychologie. Doch wie konnte es überhaupt zu dieser Krise kommen, welche Studien sind von der Replikationskrise betroffen und welche Maßnahmen wurden bisher ergriffen, um dieser Krise zu begegnen? In dieser Übersicht werden eine Reihe von Problemen der bislang üblichen Methodik wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens beschrieben, klassische Beispiele von bekannten Studien, die nicht repliziert werden konnten, aufgelistet die Verwurzelung der Probleme in der gängigen Wissenschaftspraxis, wie sie sich in unserer Gesellschaft darstellt aufgezeigt und Änderungen im Wissenschaftsbetrieb der letzten Jahre beschrieben, die Abhilfe schaffen sollen. Die Weiterentwicklung der Wissenschaftskultur ist Teil des reflektierten wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens, wird sie doch von niemand anderem getragen als von angehenden und bereits praktizierenden Wissenschaftlern selbst.
Leberchirurgie – Setup, Port Placement, strukturierte OP-Schritte
Authors: Schmelzle Moritz , Schöning Wenzel , Pratschke Johann
Published: June 2020

Erfahrungen in der robotergestützten Leberchirurgie sind bisher auf wenige internationale Zentren begrenzt. Unter Chirurgen mit Erfahrung in der laparoskopischen und robotergestützten Leberchirurgie besteht Einigkeit, dass die Bedeutung robotergestützter Techniken in den kommenden Jahren deutlich zunehmen wird. Anhand eigener Zentrumserfahrungen im Rahmen der Etablierung unseres leberchirurgischen Roboterprogramms und durch den regen Austausch mit international führenden Kollegen haben wir an unserem Zentrum „Standard Operating Procedures“ etabliert, die wir in der vorliegenden Arbeit zusammengefasst haben.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition with or without macroscopic on-site evaluation: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chong Charing C. N. , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Nguyen Nam , Hara Kazuo , Chan Wah Kheong , Puri Rajesh , Almadi Majid A. , Ang Tiing Leong , Kwek Andrew , Yasuda Ichiro , Doi Shinpei , Kida Mitsuhiro , Wang Hsiu-Po , Cheng Tsu-Yao , Jiang Qingwei , Yang Aiming , Chan Anthony W. H. , Chan Shannon , Tang Raymond , Iwashita Takuji , Teoh Anthony Y. B.
Published: June 2020

Background The use of macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) to estimate the adequacy of a specimen for histological diagnosis during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle tissue acquisition (FNTA) has recently been advocated. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of MOSE compared with conventional EUS-FNTA without rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE).

Methods This was an international, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study. After providing informed consent, consecutive adult patients referred for EUS-FNTA for solid lesions larger than 2 cm were randomized to a MOSE arm or to a conventional arm without ROSE. A designated cytopathologist from each center performed all cytopathological examinations for that center and was blinded to the randomization results. The primary outcome measure was the diagnostic yield, and the secondary outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy, and the rate of procedure-related complications.

Results 244 patients (122 conventional, 122 MOSE) were enrolled during the study period. No significant differences between the two arms were found in procedure time or rate of procedure-related adverse events. The diagnostic yield for the MOSE technique (92.6 %) was similar to that for the conventional technique (89.3 %; P  = 0.37), with significantly fewer passes made (median: conventional 3, MOSE 2; P  < 0.001).

Conclusions EUS-FNTA with the MOSE technique provided a similar diagnostic yield to conventional EUS-FNTA technique in the absence of ROSE but with fewer passes. This technique can be used when ROSE is not available.