bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepentingan Nasional Arab Saudi dalam Kebijakan Intervensi Militer di Yaman terhadap Keterlibatan Iran
Authors: Hakiki Falhan , Sari Deasy Silvya
Published: July 2022

Fenomena Arab Spring di Yaman telah menimbulkan terjadinya intervensi negara lain terhadap situasi domestiknya. Intervensi ini dilihat pada kebijakan intervensi militer Arab Saudi di Yaman yang dilatar belakangi oleh keterlibatan Iran terhadap situasi domestik di Yaman akibat dari Arab Spring. Kebjikan ini juga menjadi kepentingan nasional Arab Saudi yang tidak lepas dari konflik antara Arab Saudi dan Yaman sendiri. Dengan menggunakan kerangka konseptual kepentingan nasional, serta metode penelitian kualitatif, terdapat empat kepentingan nasional Arab Saudi dalam kebijakan intervensi militer ini. Pertama, kepentingan pertahanan yaitu untuk mempertahankan batas negaranya dari ancaman Iran yang bergabung dengan pemberontak Houthi di mana Yaman berbatasan langsung dengan Arab Saudi. Kedua, kepentingan ekonomi yaitu didasari oleh bantuan ekonomi Iran yang diberikan kepada pemberontak Houthi. Ketiga, kepentingan tatanan dunia yaitu menegaskan status Arab Saudi sebagai regional power di Timur Tengah. Keempat, yaitu kepentingan ideologis yaitu Arab Saudi menggambarkan intervensi militernya ini sebagai perlawanan terhadap pengaruh Syiah yang dibawa oleh Iran di Yaman.
MRTF May Be the Missing Link in a Multiscale Mechanobiology Approach toward Macrophage Dysfunction in Space
Authors: An Rocky
Published: July 2022

Macrophages exhibit impaired phagocytosis, adhesion, migration, and cytokine production in space, hindering their ability to elicit immune responses. Considering that the combined effect of spaceflight microgravity and radiation is multiscale and multifactorial in nature, it is expected that contradictory findings are common in the field. This theory paper reanalyzes research on the macrophage spaceflight response across multiple timescales from seconds to weeks, and spatial scales from the molecular, intracellular, extracellular, to the physiological. Key findings include time-dependence of both pro-inflammatory activation and integrin expression. Here, we introduce the time-dependent, intracellular localization of MRTF-A as a hypothetical confounder of macrophage activation. We discuss the mechanosensitive MRTF-A/SRF pathway dependence on the actin cytoskeleton/nucleoskeleton, microtubules, membrane mechanoreceptors, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and intracellular/extracellular crosstalk. By adopting a multiscale perspective, this paper provides the first mechanistic answer for a three-decade-old question regarding impaired cytokine secretion in microgravity—and strengthens the connection between the recent advances in mechanobiology, microgravity, and the spaceflight immune response. Finally, we hypothesize MRTF involvement and complications in treating spaceflight-induced cardiovascular, skeletal, and immune disease.
The Beginning to the End of the Universe and Eternal Space-time
Authors: Ladhani Amrit
Published: July 2022

We propose a cosmological model in which the Big Bang was not the beginning of space and time; there was a previous phase leading up to it, with multiple cycles of contraction and expansion that repeat indefinitely; from big bang to big crunch. The observed accelerated expansion, which relates the stretching of Shrunk space for the new theory, is derived. As pressure of shrink space decreases, the stretching of shrunk space increases, that is although in general, decelerate in the pressure of shrink space leads to accelerate the expansion of space. (The pressure of shrink space approaching zero at the end of accelerated expansion, and all the Shrunk space would be expanded), after that a period of slow contraction will begin, thus bringing the universe back to contract to its initial state, ending in a Big Crunch. The universe will not continue to expand forever, no need however, for dark energy. The new definition of eternal space and its unique property enables us to describe a sequence of events from the Big Bang to the Big Crunch.
Early Detection of Wildfires with GOES-R Time Series and Deep GRU-Network
Authors: Zhao Yu , Ban Yifang
Published: July 2022

Early detection of wildfires has been limited using the sun-synchronous orbit satellites due to their low temporal resolution and wildfires’ fast spread in the early stage. NOAA’s geostationary weather satellites GOES-R can acquire images every 15 minutes at 2km spatial resolution, and have been used for early fire detection. However, advanced processing algorithms are needed to provide timely and reliable detection of wildfires. In this research, a deep learning framework, based on Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), is proposed to detect wildfires at early stage using GOES-R dense time series data. GRU model maintains good performance on temporal modelling while keep a simple architecture, makes it suitable to efficiently process time-series data. 36 different wildfires in North and South America under the coverage of GOES-R satellites are selected to assess the effectiveness of the GRU method. The detection times based on GOES-R are compared with VIIRS active fire products at 375m resolution in NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS). The results show that GRU-based GOES-R detections of the wildfires are earlier than that of the VIIRS active fire products in most of the study areas. Also, results from proposed method offer more precise location on the active fire at early stage than GOES-R Active Fire Product in mid-latitude and low-latitude regions.
Retrieving Encrypted Images Using Convolution Neural Network and Fully Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Alsaedi Emad M. , Farhan Alaa kadhim
Published: July 2022

A content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a technique used to retrieve images from an image database. However, the CBIR process suffers from less accuracy to retrieve images from an extensive image database and ensure the privacy of images. This paper aims to address the issues of accuracy utilizing deep learning techniques as the CNN method. Also, it provides the necessary privacy for images using fully homomorphic encryption methods by Cheon, Kim, Kim, and Song (CKKS). To achieve these aims, a system has been proposed, namely RCNN_CKKS, that includes two parts. The first part (offline processing) extracts automated high-level features based on a flatting layer in a convolutional neural network (CNN) and then stores these features in a new dataset. In the second part (online processing), the client sends the encrypted image to the server, which depends on the CNN model trained to extract features of the sent image. Next, the extracted features are compared with the stored features using a Hamming distance method to retrieve all similar images. Finally, the server encrypts all retrieved images and sends them to the client. Deep-learning results on plain images were 97.94% for classification and 98.94% for retriever images. At the same time, the NIST test was used to check the security of CKKS when applied to Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10) dataset. Through these results, researchers conclude that deep learning is an effective method for image retrieval and that a CKKS method is appropriate for image privacy protection.
Potential Role of 8-Hydroxyguanosine and some Pro Inflammatory Cytokines as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer Iraqi Patients
Authors: Balaky Hazhar M.
Published: July 2022

8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is considered as an indicator of the oxidative stress. Pro inflammatory cytokines are critical parts of the pathophysiological processes to which treatment can be applied. The aim of this study was to evaluate 8-OHdG and pro inflammatory cytokines concentration in colon carcinoma patients. Blood samples were taken before treatment from 50 incident cases with colon cancer (stage III) admitted for health examination at the Nanakali Hospital in Erbil city with 45 healthy samples of controls with age range between 38-69 years for both groups. All studied parameters were estimated by ELISA. Participants at this study were 95 Participants ranged in age from 38 to 69 years, 50 Participants had been newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer (without treatment) with 45 individuals were healthy used as controls. The data showed a non-significant elevation by comparing the normal participants with colorectal cancer cases for (8-OHdG) by P-value 0.054 and a significant elevation for Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by P-value 0.019 and interleukin-6 (IL6) by P-value <0.0001. While the data showed a significant depletion by P-value <0.0001 for SOD and POX. The findings of the current study reveal  that 8-OHdG refers to the local oxidative stress in colorectal cancer and TNF-α is accountable for increasing the concentrations of IL6, which is linked with inflammation process in the surrounding of  cancer cell.
The Effects of Power Mobility on Self-Care, Mobility, and Social Function in Very Young Children with Severe Multiple Developmental Impairments
Authors: Aceros Juan , Lundy Mary
Published: July 2022

Background:Children with impaired mobility often experience a negative impact on their overall development leading to depression, social isolation, “learned helplessness,” and a perceived lower quality of life. The present study explores the effects of Power Mobility Devices (PMD), in the form of modified ride-on toy cars, on independent mobility and social function in children under five-years of age with complex multiple developmental impairmentsMaterials and methods:In this study, 12 children with neuromuscular diagnosis, musculoskeletal, or genetic and metabolic progressive diseases were enrolled. Significant cognitive, visual, or communication impairment was not exclusionary. The age range of the participants was 12 to 54 months (M=32months). Two types of activation and steering modifications, 1) proportional control joystick and 2) line follower technologies were provided. Participants were evaluated pre/post using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI).Results:A paired t-test was conducted on each of the three subscales (self-care, mobility, and social/cognitive ) of the PEDI to assess changes occurred in individuals between the pre and post power mobility experiences. Data analysis clearly indicates a statistically significant difference in the positive direction in Functional Skill scores in all three domains (self-care, mobility and social function). Data analysis also indicates a statistically significant difference in two domains (self-care and social function) between pre and post experience with the post experience scores also being higher on the Caregiver Assistant Scale scores.Conclusion:Results from this study demonstrated group mean score improvements between pre and post power mobility experiences in Self-Care, Mobility, and Social/Cognitive function. The results of this quantitative study support the findings of two previous studies analyzing qualitative data. These results are strong indicators that early power mobility interventions could provide positive improvements in the quality of life of children with severe multiple developmental disabilities including visual impairments.
Eight-year trends in the effect of the Great East Japan Earthquake on obstetrics outcomes using the Fukushima Health Management Survey
Authors: Kyozuka Hyo , Ohira Tetsuya , Murata Tsuyoshi , Yasuda Shun , Ishii Kayoko , Fujimori Keiya , Goto Aya , Yasumura Seiji , Ota Misao , Hata Kenichi , Suzuki Kohta , Nakai Akihito , Ohto Hitoshi , Kamiya Kenji
Published: July 2022

Information on longitudinal effects of natural/environmental disasters on obstetrics outcomes is limited. This study analyzed longitudinal changes, over an 8-year period, in obstetrics outcomes after the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima power plant accident. We used data from the first 8 years of the Pregnancy and Birth Survey by the Fukushima prefectural government and compared data on obstetrics outcomes by year. Longitudinal changes in the occurrence of preterm birth before 37 gestational weeks, low birth weight, and anomalies in newborns were assessed in all six districts in Fukushima. The total number of participants was 57537. In 8 years, maternal age, rate of conception after sterility treatment, and incidence of cesarean section delivery tended to increase (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.009, respectively). Although significant differences were observed in preterm birth and low birth weight among the districts (p=0.020 and p=0.025, respectively), no significant trend was observed in the preterm birth, low birth weight, and anomalies in newborns in all six districts (p=0.096, p=0.269, and p=0.239, respectively). The Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima power plant accident were associated with increased incidence of cesarean section delivery but had no significant adverse effects on obstetrics outcomes.
Comparison of the safety and efficiency of temporary cardiac pacing methods during left bundle branch pacemaker implantation: Femoral vein pacing vs. atrial spiral pacing with electrodes placed at the ventricle
Authors: Li Zhenwei , Xu Qingqing , Huangfu Ning , Sun Zewei , Su Jia
Published: July 2022

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficiency of replacing femoral vein pacing with atrial spiral pacing in the right ventricle for temporary cardiac pacing during left bundle branch pacemaker (LBBP) implantation. Method: A total of 179 patients who underwent temporary cardiac pacing (TCP) during LBBP were selected for retrospective analysis from April 2019 to April 2021 and divided into two groups: the atrial spiral electrode group (n=76) and the femoral vein electrode group (n=103). The following were observed: operation time; radiation dose; radiation time; operation expenses; hospitalization time; pacemaker parameters immediately after the operation and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the operation; operation complications and femoral vein puncture point complications were observed in the two groups. Results: Compared to the femoral vein electrode group, the atrial electrode group had significantly lower operation times [(116.86±24.63) vs. (128.94±25.27) min, P < 0.05], radiation doses [(805.07±132.94) mgy vs. (846.42±87.37) mgy, P < 0.05], and decreased risk of a displaced or dislodged temporary pacing electrode during the operation [(0.00%) vs. (4.85%), P < 0.05]. The atrial electrode group did not have significant operation costs or material costs associated with femoral vein temporary pacing electrode implantation. In addition, the atrial electrode group did not have an increased risk of pacemaker-related infections, and the parameters of the pacemaker were unaffected. However, some puncture point complications appeared in the femoral vein electrode group (8 cases of local subcutaneous hematoma, 3 cases of pseudoaneurysms, 3 cases of arteriovenous fistula). Conclusion: The replacement of the femoral vein pacing electrode with an atrial spiral pacing electrode in the right ventricle for temporary cardiac pacing during left bundle branch pacemaker (LBBP) implantation was safe and effective.
Comparison of Isolated Calcaneal Spur Excision and Plantar Fasciotomy in Addition to Spur Excision In Patients with Plantar Heel Pain Accompanied by Calcaneal Spur
Authors: Saylık Murat , Fidan Fırat , Bal Emre , Lapçin Osman
Published: July 2022

Background: The aim of this study is to clinically compare isolated calcaneal spur excision and plantar fascia release in addition to spur excision in patients with plantar heel pain accompanied by calcaneal spur.Method: Patients who did not benefit from conservative treatment and underwent surgical excision of the calcaneal spur and/or plantar fasciotomy were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical procedure performed. Evaluation was done according to the pre- and postoperative foot function index (FFI) using pain and functional evaluation. Pain, disability, and activity restriction were evaluated with FFI. The radiological results and FFI scores of both groups were measured before and after surgery and the difference between the groups was compared.Results: Of the 46 patients in our study group, 30 (65.2%) were female and 16 (34.8%) were male. The average age was 41.2. There was a significant improvement in postoperative foot function index scores in both groups. There was no significant difference in postoperative functional results when the groups were compared.Conclusion: In patients whose plantar heel pain associated with calcaneal spur does not improve despite conservative treatments, both isolated spur excision and plantar fascia release in addition to spur excision may be effective treatment modalities that improve foot functions.
Timing of passage of first urine and meconium after birth in newborns delivered at a tertiary-care health center in Eastern India
Authors: Chowdhry Bhabesh Kant , Kumar Chandra Mohan , Gupta Prakriti , MF Giridhar , Choudhary Neha , Kumar Prdeep , Prasad Arun , Tiwari Lokesh
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Meconium is the first gastrointestinal discharge of a neonate. Most neonates usually pass first urine and meconium within 24 and 48 hours of birth respectively. Delayed passage of urine and stool is considered a pointer of gastrointestinal/ genitourinary structural or motility disorder and are a cause of worry for parents. There is a lack of studies in Indian babies. Also, previous studies have relied on mother’s recall of the event. Therefore, through this study, we embarked to identify the timing of passage of first urine and stool in newborns delivered at our center by reviewing their input/output charts. Methodology: This was a single-center, cross-sectional study conducted after obtaining IEC approval at a tertiary-care health center in Eastern India. The eligible newborns delivered in labour room/OT of AIIMS, were prospectively enrolled observed.Result: Approximately two third newborns passed first urine (69.7%) and meconium (62.7%) within 6 hours after delivery. The median time of passage of first urine was 4 [95% C.I. 1-7] hours of life. The median time of passage of meconium was 4 [1-8] hours of life, which was significantly higher for male [5 (6), (p= 0.036)] and preterm new born [6.3 (9), (p= 0.001)]. Conclusion: Median time of passage of first urine was 4 [1-7] hours of life; which was not influenced by the gender, gestation at birth and birth weight categories. Median time of passage of meconium was 4 [1-8] hours of life, which was significantly higher for male baby and preterm new born but no difference across the birth weight categories of the newborns.
Predictors of Stress among Nucleic Acid Sampling Support Nurses (NASSNs) during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Feng Ping , Gu Liyan , Lu Xiaoying , Hu Min , Weng Yanqiu , Chen Wenyao
Published: July 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced nucleic acid detection to be essential for prevention and control. The psychological and physical health of healthcare staff who conducted nucleic acid sampling should be paid attention to. This study aims to investigate the status and explore the predictors of stress among nucleic acid sampling support nurses (NASSNs) by an online survey.
Material and Methods
Totally 388 NASSNs were recruited for the research. An online cross-sectional survey with structured questionnaires was used, including socio-demographic information, the stressor scale of nucleic acid sampling nurses (SSNASN), and the challenge-hindrance stress scale (CHSS). T-tests, ANOVA, and multivariable linear regression model were used to analyze data.
Results
A total of 324 NASSNs filled out questionnaires online with a response rate of 83.51%. NASSNs had an overall mean score of (2.199 ± 0.917) for challenge stress and (2.014 ± 0.805) for hindrance stress. The item "the amount of responsibility I have" scored highest in the challenge stress dimension, while "the lack of job security I have" scored highest in the hindrance stress dimension. The predictors of challenge and hindrance stress include concern about the preparedness of NASSNs and their families, working environment, and competence of emergency disposal. An additional socio-demographic predictor of challenge stress was motivation, while that of hindrance stress was longer nursing experiences.
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, stress among NASSNs was moderately low. The factors detected to be predictors of stress include motivation, nursing experiences, concern about the preparedness of NASSNs and their families, working environment, and competence in emergency disposal.
Ecological evolution analysis in collective intelligence design
Authors: Fu Zhong-Lin , Guo Wei , Wang Lei , Ma Jian , Zhang Jing
Published: July 2022

The transition from conventional design has been hastened by the development of network platforms, and innovative design dependent on social resources has emerged as a new design paradigm. The concept of collective intelligent design (CID) can be compared to a design ecosystem, in which members are constantly interacting with one another to advance the design process. The system will vary as the design evolves organically. How to assess the system's evolving state is the foundation of system optimization. To characterize the evolution of the CID system, this study proposed a matching network-based ecological network model and specified a comprehensive evaluation index for analyzing the evolutionary state. The model's validity is confirmed by an examination of Zhubajie (ZBJ), China's largest CID platform. The results demonstrate the ecological model developed in this study can capture the evolution essence of the ZBJ, and evaluation indicators demonstrate the ZBJ has been relatively mature. While the individuals' relationships are growing more distant, the engagement is becoming more effective. Additionally, the platform's sustainability has diminished while its resilience to external hazards has improved. Stakeholders may benefit from these ideas as they attempt to enhance the design process.
A Soft Sensing Method of Billet Surface Temperature Based on ILGSSA-LSSVM
Authors: LIU Jun , YANG Luying , CI Ying , FANG Jiangxiong , HOU Qingming , YANG Feng
Published: July 2022

It is difficult to measure the surface temperature of continuous casting billet, which results in the lack of important feedback parameters for further scientific control of billet quality. This paper proposes a sparrow search algorithm(SSA) to optimize the least square support vector machine(LSSVM) model for surface temperature prediction of billet, which is improved by Logistic chaotic mapping and Golden sine algorithm (Improve Logistic Golden Sine Sparrow Search Algorithm LSSVM, ILGSSA-LSSVM). Based on LSSVM, the optimal solution of sparrow population is improved by improved Logistic chaos mapping and Golden sine algorithm as the value of penalty factor \(\gamma\)and kernel parameter\(\sigma\). Global optimization method is adopted to find the optimal parameter combination, which reduces the influence of blindly determining parameters on the prediction accuracy. The results show that the maximum error of ILGSA-LSSVM soft Sensing model is 3.85733℃, the minimum error is 0.0174℃, and the average error is 0.05805℃. The performance of ILGSA-LSSVM soft Sensing model is better than that of traditional least square support vector machine, BP neural network and gray Wolf optimized least square support vector machine.
A nomogram for predicting postoperative overall survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma: a SEER-based study
Authors: Rao Jin , Yu Yue , Zhang Li , Wang Pei , Wang Xuefu , Wang Zhinong
Published: July 2022

Background
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Our study aimed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) for postoperative LSCC patients.
Methods
A total of 8,078 patients eligible for recruitment between 2010 and 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. The study outcomes were 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS. Analyses performed included univariable and multivariable Cox regression, receiver the operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, decision curve analysis (DCA), and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.
Results
Seven variables were selected to establish the nomogram for LSCC. The area under the curve in ROC curve revealed 0.658, 0.651, and 0.647 in the training cohort and 0.673, 0.667, and 0.658 in the validation cohort at 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival. The calibration curves showed satisfactory consistencies between nomogram-predicted and observed survival probability. DCA showed great clinical net benefit. In risk stratification systems, patients were divided into three risk groups with a significant difference in OS in Kaplan-Meier curves (P༜0.001).
Conclusions
A prognostic nomogram for OS of postoperative LSCC patients was developed and validated, which may assist clinicians in evaluating prognosis and providing highly individualized therapy.
Effects of midwife-directed breastfeeding training programmes on breastfeeding outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Tianci , Shang Meimei , Chow Ka Ming
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAppropriate breastfeeding training for midwives is necessary to enhance their knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). However, evidence surrounding the effects of midwife breastfeeding training programmes is insufficient to draw a conclusion.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to identify, summarise, and critically analyse the available literature to evaluate the effects of midwife breastfeeding training programmes on the midwives’ KAP towards breastfeeding and breastfeeding initiation, duration and rates among postnatal mothers.MethodsNine English and six Chinese databases were searched with relevant key words. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by two reviewers independently using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists.ResultsNine English and one Chinese articles were included in this review. Five articles investigating midwives’ KAP towards breastfeeding reported positive results (p < 0.05). The meta-analysis revealed that breastfeeding training programmes significantly improved midwives’ breastfeeding-related knowledge and skills (standardised mean difference = 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.68; p < 0.01; I2 = 36%), as well as their attitude towards breastfeeding (p < 0.05). An additional five articles measured the effects of breastfeeding training programmes on the initiation, duration, and rates of breastfeeding among postnatal mothers. Following the implementation of a breastfeeding training programme for midwives, mothers had significantly longer durations of exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.05), fewer breastfeeding challenges (p < 0.05) (e.g. breast milk insufficiency), and higher satisfaction with breastfeeding counselling (p < 0.01), and fewer infants received breast milk substitutes in their first week of life without medical reasons (p < 0.05) in the intervention group compared with the control group. However, no significant effects were seen on the initiation and rates of breastfeeding after implementation of the programmes.ConclusionsThis systematic review has demonstrated that midwife breastfeeding training programmes could improve midwives’ KAP towards breastfeeding. Breastfeeding training programmes also had a statistically significant effect on exclusive breastfeeding rate among postnatal mothers. We suggest that future breastfeeding training programme should incorporate counselling skills alongside breastfeeding knowledge and skills training.RegistrationThis systematic review has been registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42022260216).
Uterine sarcomas resembling dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans showing COL1A1-PDGFB fusion: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhou Jie , Liu Shuang , Ding Yongling
Published: July 2022

Background: Collagen type 1α1–platelet-derived growth factor β-chain (COL1A1-PDGFB) fusion uterine fibrosarcoma is a rare, recently discovered uterine sarcoma characterised by unique gene rearrangements, of which only four cases have been reported. This subtype is found in the body of the uterus or cervix, with histological features resembling dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), diffuse CD34 expression in tumour cells and COL1A1-PDGFB fusion.Case presentation: A 38-year-old female patient complaining of amenorrhea for 3 months presented with a cloudy hypoechoic fluid measuring 98 × 91 mm in the right adnexa on B-scan ultrasonography, for which laparoscopic lumpectomy was performed accordingly. Histological sections demonstrated high cellularity with mild to moderate atypia, morphological uniformity, a scant cytoplasm, oval to spindle-like nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli and evident mitotic figures. Salient storiform and herringbone patterns of growth were observed. On immunohistochemical analysis, the tumour cells exhibited diffuse and strong positive expression of CD34; negativity for AE1/AE3, SMA, desmin, STAT6, S100 and SOX-10 and focal positivity for CD99, Bcl-2, CD10 and CylinD1. COL1A1-PDGFB fusion was identified by fluorescence in situ hybridisation. The patient remained disease-free within the 17-month follow-up with no additional treatment after the lumpectomy.Conclusions: This is the fifth case of COL1A1-PDGFB fusion uterine fibrosarcoma reported in the literature. Previous studies have found that this subtype overlaps with DFSP in histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics. Of these five cases, two resulted in mortality, implying a risk of poor prognosis.
Microphysiological vascularized solid tumor model for drugs and cell therapies screening
Authors: Reales-Calderon Jose Antonio , Lam Maxine S Y , Ow Jin Rong , Aw Joey , Tan Damien , Adriani Giulia , Pavesi Andrea
Published: July 2022

Solid tumors present particular obstacles for cell therapies, which need to be reflected in pre-clinical models for effective therapy validation. For example, tumor biology varies along with the tumor mass, and the tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of vasculature, stromal cells and immune cells, can become corrupted and promote resistance or prevent cell therapy targeting and efficacy. We developed an in vitro vascularized human solid tumor model which recapitulates these key features of the TME in a microfluidic device, allowing for more reliable and convenient drug and cell therapy validation. The model consists of a solid tumor spheroid surrounded by a perfusable vasculature, with a permeability value similar to in vivo physiology. We used the model to identify tumor-vasculature interactions, evaluate drug response, and evaluate cell therapy infiltration and cytotoxicity. By removing the cultured tumor microtissue from the device and performing spatial transcriptomics on standard paraffin-embedded sections, we identified known and novel genes involved in creating a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment.
Highly accurate quantum optimization algorithm for CT image reconstructions based on sinogram patterns
Authors: Jun Kyungtaek
Published: July 2022

Computed tomography has been developed as a non-destructive technique for observing internal images of samples. It was difficult to obtain a clean CT image due to various artifacts generated during scanning and limitations of backprojection algorithms. Recently, an iterative optimization algorithm has been developed that uses the entire sinogram to make small errors in various artifacts. In this paper, we introduce a method of representing CT images using a combination of qubits. The undetermined CT image can obtain a sinogram represented by a combination of qubits through Radon transform. An energy-optimized model that can be computed on quantum computers finds a combination of qubits that minimizes the difference between the positions of the two sinograms. Finally, the determined qubit combination can represent the internal structure of a sample by energy optimization. We tested new algorithm with a small image sample in a quantum annealer D-Wave 2000Q and a simulator for the gated model quantum computer.
Mitral valve replacement for antiphospholipid syndrome complicated by cerebral infarction and mitral valve thrombosis: A case report
Authors: Hiraga Shun , Hayata Yoshihiro , Hirose Tomoaki , Fukuba Ryohei , Takemura Junichi , Tonomura Rei , Tamada Sayaka , Mitani Kazuhiro , Hanakawa Masaya , Yokoyama Shinya
Published: July 2022

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease that causes arteriovenous thrombosis and death. Valvular heart disease is one of its symptoms. Recurrent cerebral infarction caused by valvular heart disease is an indication for surgery; however, standard treatment, including perioperative anticoagulation, has not yet been established, and surgical mortality is high.Case presentation: A 41-year-old man had a cerebral infarction six years ago and was positive for antiphospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulants. He was diagnosed with primary APS and treated with anticoagulation therapy with warfarin. He had another episode of cerebral infarction four months ago. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mass attached to the mitral valve. He underwent steroid therapy and was continued on anticoagulant therapy; however, the mass did not shrink, and surgery was performed. Intraoperative rapid histopathology showed that the mass was an old thrombus, and because of the high degree of mitral valve degeneration, we considered that regurgitation control by the valve platy was difficult. Mitral valve replacement was performed using an On-X mechanical valve. Intraoperatively, the activated clotting time was measured every 30 minutes, and no tendency for thrombus formation was observed. He was continued on warfarin therapy after the surgery and did not experience any recurrence of thromboembolism after two years of surgery. Conclusions: We encountered a patient with APS, recurrent cerebral infarction, and mitral valve thrombus who underwent mitral valve replacement and continued postoperative anticoagulation therapy without recurrence of thromboembolism.
Gigantic photostriction effect in monolayer semiconductors
Authors: Tseng Robert , Wahyudin Erlin , Yeh Willie , Xue Fei , Lien Der-Hsien , He Jr-Hau
Published: July 2022

Photostrictive materials that can reversibly change their structures in response to optical stimuli constitute an important class of functional smart materials and provide a mechanism for the micro-electromechanical systems. In this study, we show that monolayer WSe2 exhibits strong photostriction effect, a phenomenon where strain in materials can be induced by light irradiation. The photostriction in monolayer WSe2 can be as high as 2.5% under a light illumination of 7.7×106 mW cm-2, exhibiting the highest photostrictive coefficient among other semiconductor materials. Unlike the other non-polar materials, monolayer WSe2 shows gigantic light-induced strain at room temperature, and the deformation is reversible as the irradiation is turned off. We also observed that the photostrictive effect is pronounced in the monolayer but weak in the bilayer and few-layer WSe2. The pronounced gigantic photostriction in the monolayer is attributed to a combination of photovoltaic and inverse piezoelectric effects. This study opens up new applications of monolayer WSe2 for nano-opto-electro-mechanical platforms such as photo-actuators, nanogenerators, and photomicrosensors.
Der steinige Weg in den Unterricht. Entwicklung und Implementation einer digitalen Lernleiter im Fach Chemie
Authors: Van Vorst Helena , Habig Sebastian , Möhlenkamp Michelle , Ropohl Mathias
Published: July 2022

Nur wenige pädagogische und fachdidaktische Innovationen lassen sich ohne Hindernisse in den Unterricht übertragen. Dies liegt vor allem daran, dass das System Schule von vielen ineinandergreifenden und voneinander abhängigen Faktoren und Variablen bestimmt wird, die im Zuge der Entwicklung und Evaluation von Innovationen kaum umfassend berücksichtigt und unmöglich in ihrem (wechselseitigen) Einfluss untersucht werden können. Daher wird zunehmend nach Transferlösungen gesucht, die eine Implementation von empirisch erprobten oder auch theoretisch abgeleiteten Innovationen in der Praxis begünstigen. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz sind Wissenschaft-Praxis-Kooperationen. Wesentliches Kennzeichen ist die gemeinsame Entwicklung, Evaluation und Implementation von Innovationen durch Akteur:innen der Bildungsforschung und der Unterrichtspraxis mit dem Ziel, die Innovationen nachhaltig und für die Schüler:innen lernwirksam anzulegen. Ein solcher Ansatz ist der symbiotische Implementationsansatz, der im Rahmen des im Ruhrgebiet laufenden und durch die RAG-Stiftung ermöglichten Projekts «Lernerfolg mit der digitalen Lernleiter» Anwendung findet. Im Beitrag werden die Herausforderungen des Ansatzes im Kontext der Digitalisierung von Schule und Unterricht dargestellt und Erkenntnisse für zukünftige Projekte abgeleitet.
Growth and Respiration of Dormant Flower Buds of Pyrus communis and Pyrus calleryana1
Authors: Cole Mary E. , Solomos Theophanes , Faust Miklos
Published: July 2022

Respiration of flower-buds of Pyrus communis L., a late blooming species, and P. calleryana, an early blooming species, was investigated throughout the winter. Respiration of P. calleryana Decne at 5°C was twice as high as that of P. communis, whereas the respiration rates were similar at 25°. A large portion (60–70%) of the respiration at 5° was cyanide resistant in P. calleryana and much less in P. communis. The combination of inhibitors, cyanide (KCN) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), still only partially inhibited respiration. The residual respiration was much higher for P. calleryana than for P. communis. The nature of the residual respiration is not known.
Defoliation and Fertilizer Nitrogen Effects on Nitrate‐nitrogen Profiles in Maize1
Authors: Hicks D. R. , Peterson R. H.
Published: July 2022

Corn (Zea mays L.) vegetative tissue remaining after hail damage is often utilized for forage. Environmental stresses may cause levels of nitrate‐nitrogen (NO−3‐N) in plant tissue that are toxic to ruminants. This study was conducted to determine the effect of leaf blade removal (simulated hail damage) and N fertilization of the soil on the NO−3‐N profile of corn fodder.

Leaf blade removal of 0, 50, 100% was imposed at tasseling on the corn hybrid ‘Dekalb XL45A’ grown in soil fertilized with either 115 or 230 kg N/ha. Plants were sampled approximately weekly for 6 weeks after defoliation.

Both stalk and total fodder NO−3‐N concentration increased as either level of defoliation or N rate increased. Stalks of nondefoliated plants contained up to over 4,500 ppm (dry matter basis) NO−3‐N while stalks of plants having 50 and 100% of the leaf blades removed contained up to 5,000 and 5,500 ppm NO−3‐N, respectively.

When completely defoliated, fodder NO−3‐N concentration was as high as 1,900 ppm for corn receiving 115 kg N/ha. Fodder of 100%‐defoliated plants receiving 230 kg N/ha contained as much as 2,300 ppm NO−3‐N.

These results suggest that corn fodder NO−3‐N concentration increases due to the defoliation caused by hail. Thus hail damage to corn fodder may increase the chances of NO−3‐N toxicity to animals, especially when high rates of fertilizer N are used.
Response of Maize Seed Number to Solar Radiation Intercepted Soon after Anthesis
Authors: Kiniry James R. , Knievel Daniel P.
Published: July 2022

A versatile method for predicting maize (Zea mays L.) seeds per plant would be valuable for simulating maize yield with different population densities. The objective of this work was to characterize the form of the response of seeds per plant to intercepted photosynthetically active radiation per plant in the 10 d following silking and to test the generality of the response function across several hybrids at different locations. Data from the literature and results with 2 yr of field experiments at Temple, TX, on Houston Black clay (fine montmorillonitic, thermic Udic Haplusterts) and 1 yr in central Pennsylvania on Hagerstown silt loam (fine, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalfs) were used to evaluate this seed number response. The data support a linear response function, with values being on a plateau when the potential number of seeds of a hybrid has been reached. A single regression equation was adequate for 10 hybrids at Temple and/or in central Pennsylvania. Several other hybrids at these or other locations showed significantly different responses. Prediction functions for other hybrids can be derived with similar linear models, with a plateau defined by the potential seeds per plant produced at low planting densities.
Cropping System Influence on Planting Water Content and Yield of Winter Wheat
Authors: Nielsen David C. , Vigil Merle F. , Anderson Randy L. , Bowman Rudy A. , Benjamin Joseph G. , Halvorson Ardell D.
Published: July 2022

Many dryland producers in the central Great Plains of the USA express concern regarding the effect that elimination of fallow has on soil water content at winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting and subsequent yields. Our objectives were to quantify cropping system effects (fallow weed control method and crop sequence), including corn (Zea mays L.) (C) and proso millet (Panicum miliacium L.) (M), on soil water at winter wheat planting and subsequent grain yield, and to determine the frequency of environmental conditions which would cause wheat yield to drop below 2500 kg ha−1 for various cropping systems. Crop rotations evaluated from 1993 through 2001 at Akron, CO, were W‐F, W‐C‐F, W‐M‐F, and W‐C‐M (all no‐till), and W‐F (conventional till). Yields were correlated with soil water at planting: kg ha−1 = 373.3 + 141.2 × cm (average and wet years); kg ha−1 = 897.9 + 39.7 × cm (dry years). Increasing cropping intensity to two crops in 3 yr had little effect on water content at wheat planting and subsequent grain yield, while continuous cropping and elimination of fallow reduced soil water at planting by 11.8 cm and yields by 450 to 1650 kg ha−1, depending on growing season precipitation. No‐till systems, which included a 12‐ to 15‐mo fallow period before wheat planting nearly always produced at least 2500 kg ha−1 of yield under normal to wet conditions, but no cropping system produced 2500 kg ha−1 under extremely dry conditions.
Are Some Crops Synergistic to Following Crops?
Authors: Anderson Randy L.
Published: July 2022

Because of improved water management, producers in the Great Plains are diversifying their crop rotations. A benefit of crop diversity is that some crop sequences can increase grain yields. Along with yield benefits, we also have noted that water use efficiency (WUE) of some crops can be improved by preceding crops. For example, WUE of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is improved if corn (Zea mays L.) is included in the rotation. If crops respond favorably to rotation, they either increase plant capacity and resource use or improve resource use efficiency (synergism). We suggest that the soil environment remaining after some crops, such as corn or legumes, synergistically improves growth efficiency of following crops. However, synergism appears to be specific between crops. We also suggest that synergism among crops would be assessed most accurately in long‐term cropping systems studies.
Mycotoxins Produced by Fusarium spp. in Isogenic Bt vs. non‐Bt Maize Hybrids under European Corn Borer Pressure
Authors: Papst C. , Utz H. F. , Melchinger A. E. , Eder J. , Magg T. , Klein D. , Bohn M.
Published: July 2022

Stalk and ear rots caused by Fusarium subspecies are often related to mycotoxin accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) kernels. Various mycotoxicoses in livestock and humans are triggered by the consumption of these toxins. The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) reportedly promotes the infection by Fusarium spp. The objectives of our study were to (i) evaluate the concentration of deoxinivalenol (DON), 3‐acetyl‐deoxynivalenol (3‐A‐DON), 15‐acetyl‐deoxynivalenol (15‐A‐DON), fumonisin (FUM), fusarenon‐X (FUS‐X), moniliformin (MON), and nivalenol (NIV) in kernels; (ii) determine the level of European corn borer (ECB) resistance; and (iii) investigate the association between the concentration of mycotoxins and ECB resistance. The study used early maturing European Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cultivars, their isogenic counterparts, and commercial hybrids. The field experiments were conducted at three locations in Germany. The mycotoxins most prevalent were DON, FUM, and MON. Plots infested by and protected from ECB differed significantly for DON and FUM concentrations. In addition, significant differences were found for concentrations of FUM between isogenic Bt and non‐Bt hybrids. The two Bt events—Bt176 and Mon810—were also significantly different for FUM concentrations. Not all mycotoxins were related to ECB damage. Insect management and, therefore, the use of Bt cultivars may be a short‐term solution to minimize toxins in kernels.
ANALYZING FINANCIAL SOUDNESS OF TATA COMMUNICATIONS
Authors:   Student, Department of Commerce, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Joseph Aatish , Benedict John ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: July 2022

The analysisof a companys financial situation or its financial soundness represents one of the main problemswithin organizations. The risk of Bankruptcy has determined many financial analysts to develop analytical models in order to eliminate or minimize this risk. Financial ratio analysis is considered as a process of reviewing the financial position of the company. Ratio analysis is extensively used by firms as a technique to forecast the financial soundness of the company to build future growth. This study aims at analysing the financial performance of Tata communications by using financial ratios as a tool. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of Tata Communications during the last decade. The reference period taken for study is 5 years starting from 2017 to 2021.
CLINICO-MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors:   Post Graduate Trainee, Department of Medicine, Jorhat Medical College & Hospital, Jorhat, Assam., Kakali Talukdar , Kalpana Chetia ,   Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Jorhat Medical College & Hospital, Jorhat, Assam., Giorgi Saikia ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Jorhat Medical College & Hospital, Jorhat, Assam., Atanu Chakravarty ,   Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Jorhat Medical College & Hospital, Jorhat, Assam.
Published: July 2022

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the third leading cause of death worldwide. COPD patients are frequently colonised with potential respiratory pathogens. Use of empirical antibiotics without proper investigations in acute exacerbation leads to emerging resistant strains. Aim: This study is aimed to record the clinical profile of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD with special reference to microbiological profile so that early adequate treatment can be given. Material and Methods: This observational cross sectional study was conducted on 104 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD admitted in Medicine department of Jorhat Medical college and hospital from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021.After written informed consent detailed history,spirometry, sputum culture and sensitivity with AFB, Gram and fungal staining, chest X- ray, blood parameters and ECG were done. Result: COPD is common above 40 years of age with male predominance (63.46%).36.54% were active smoker,25% were ex smoker and 38.46% were non smoker. Positive bacteriological culture was obtained in 32.69% of cases, commonest organism being Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%)followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.92%), Escherichia coli.(0.96%)and Citrobacter freundii(0.96%).32% of Klebsiella pneumoniae,40% of Klebsiella oxytoca and 100% of Citrobacter were found to be multidrug resistant strain. Conclusion : Gram negative bacteria were more frequently isolated in our study. Early antimicrobial treatment reduces the increasing burden of COPD.