bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in Suicide Ideation and Suicidal Behavior among High School Students in the United States, 1991–1997
Authors: Brener Nancy D. , Krug Etienne G. , Simon Thomas R.
Published: October 2023

To examine trends in suicide ideation and behavior over time, the authors analyze data from nationally representative samples of between 10,904 and 16,296 students participating in the 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1997 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. These data describe the proportion of United States students in grades 9 through 12 that reported having (1) seriously considered attempting suicide, (2) made a plan to attempt suicide, (3) attempted suicide, and (4) made an injurious suicide attempt. From 1991 to 1997, the percentage of students seriously considering suicide and the percentage that made a suicide plan showed significant linear decreases. However, the percentage of students that made an injurious suicide attempt showed a significant linear increase. These trends make it unlikely that relevant national health objectives for the year 2000 will be met. Additional efforts are needed to identify and disseminate strategies that effectively reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents.
Berberine alleviates contrast‐induced nephropathy by activating Akt/Foxo3a/Nrf2 signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Wanpeng , Yu Ran , Wu Caixia , Li Qingju , Chen Jiajia , Xiao Yao , Chen Haoyu , Song Jian , Ji Mingyue , Zuo Zhi
Published: November 2023

Contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is a condition that causes kidney damage in patients receiving angiography with iodine‐based contrast agents. This study investigated the potential protective effects of berberine (BBR) against CIN and its underlying mechanisms. The researchers conducted both in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore BBR's renal protective effects. In the in vivo experiments, SD rats were used to create a CIN model, and different groups were established. The results showed that CIN model group exhibited impaired renal function, severe damage to renal tubular cells and increased apoptosis and ferroptosis. However, BBR treatment group demonstrated improved renal function, decreased apoptosis and ferroptosis. Similar results were observed in the in vitro experiments using HK‐2 cells. BBR reduced ioversol‐induced apoptosis and ferroptosis, and exerted its protective effects through Akt/Foxo3a/Nrf2 signalling pathway. BBR administration increased the expression of Foxo3a and Nrf2 while decreasing the levels of p‐Akt and p‐Foxo3a. In conclusion, this study revealed that BBR effectively inhibited ioversol‐induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in vivo and in vitro. The protective effects of BBR were mediated through the modulation of Akt/Foxo3a/Nrf2 signalling pathway, leading to the alleviation of CIN. These findings suggest that BBR may have therapeutic potential for protecting against CIN in patients undergoing angiography with iodine‐based contrast agents.
Effects of atipamezole on selected physiologic parameters in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: Schwartz K. , Zhang M. , Franco B. , Jampachaisri K. , Cotton R. M. , Huss M. K. , Fisher K. M. , Darian‐Smith C. , Sharp P. , Pablo L. , Pacharinsak C.
Published: November 2023

Background

Atipamezole, an α‐2 adrenergic receptor antagonist, reverses the α‐2 agonist anesthetic effects. There is a dearth of information on the physiological effects of these drugs in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). We assessed atipamezole's physiologic effects. We hypothesized atipamezole administration would alter anesthetic parameters.

Methods

Five cynomolgus macaques were sedated with ketamine/dexmedetomidine intramuscularly, followed 45 min later with atipamezole (0.5 mg/kg). Anesthetic parameters (heart rate, blood pressure [systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean (MAP) blood pressure], body temperature, respiratory rate, and %SpO2) were monitored prior to and every 10 min (through 60 min) post atipamezole injection.

Results

While heart rate was significantly increased for 60 min; SAP, DAP, MAP, and temperature were significantly decreased at 10 min.

Conclusions

This study indicates subcutaneous atipamezole results in increased heart rate and transient blood pressure decrease. These findings are clinically important to ensure anesthetist awareness to properly support and treat patients as needed.
Effect of in ovo lactoferrin injection in Fayoumi chicken eggs on immune response and some physiological parameters in posthatch chicks
Authors: Fathi Mohamed A. , Abdelsalam Adel M. , Elnagar Waleed , Elwan Hamada , Elnesr Shaaban S.
Published: November 2023

The effects of in ovo lactoferrin (Lf) injection on some physiological parameters and immune response of posthatch chicks were investigated. Live embryonated Fayoumi chicken eggs (n = 600) were randomly allocated into four groups. The first group as a control was noninjected eggs, the second group was only injected with 0.1 mL of NaCl 0.75% solution, and the third and fourth groups were injected with 50 and 100 µL Lf dissolved in 0.1 mL saline solution respectively. The eggs were injected on Day 15 of incubation in the amnion. The results illustrated that the hatchability of eggs in two Lf groups was significantly higher than in the control, NaCl groups. The residual yolk in chicks injected with Lf (100 µL/egg) was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). In ovo Lf injection improved lipid profile, liver function, antioxidant indices, blood haematology, serum immunoglobulins and jejunum histomorphometry compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In ovo injection of Lf decreased significantly (p < 0.001) of pathogenic bacteria in residual yolk such asSalmonella, Shigella andColiformcompared to the control group. In conclusion, in ovo Lf injection can improve the hatchability, lipid profile, immune response and antioxidant indices and decline pathogens in the residual yolk, thus boosting the health status of newly hatched Fayoumi chicks.
Validation of two brief instruments (the SURE and CollaboRATE) to measure shared decision‐making in patients with restless legs syndrome
Authors: Björk Maria , Knutsson Susanne , Odzakovic Elzana , Hellström Amanda , Sandlund Christina , Ulander Martin , Lind Jonas , Pakpour Amir H. , Broström Anders ,   members of the Jönköping University (JU) Sleep Well Research Group
Published: November 2023

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder characterised by an urge to move arms and legs, usually associated with discomfort, pain, motor restlessness, and sleep disturbance. An individually adapted treatment is needed but difficult to optimise, which makes shared decision‐making (SDM) important. However, brief validated instruments on how patients with RLS perceive their involvement in treatment decisions are lacking. Therefore, the aim was to validate two instruments, SURE (Sure of myself, Understand information, Risk–benefit ratio, Encouragement, i.e., to assess decisional conflict) and CollaboRATE (brief patient survey focused on SDM, i.e., to assess SDM), in patients with RLS. A cross‐sectional design, including 788 participants with RLS (65% females, mean [SD] age 70.8 [11.4] years) from a national patient organisation for RLS, was used. A postal survey was sent out to collect data regarding weight, height, comorbidities, demographics, and RLS‐related treatment data. The following instruments were included: the SURE, CollaboRATE, Restless Legs Syndrome‐6 Scale, and eHealth Literacy Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch models were used to assess the validity and reliability of the SURE and CollaboRATE. Measurement invariance, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning (DIF) across age, gender, and medication groups were assessed. The SURE and CollaboRATE were both identified as unidimensional instruments with satisfactory internal consistency. No DIF across age and gender was identified, while significant DIF was observed for both the SURE and CollaboRATE regarding medication use categories. However, both the SURE and CollaboRATE are potential instruments to be used in research, but also as reflection tools by healthcare professionals, patients, and students to explore and assess SDM, and support its development in clinical care.
Jurimetria
Authors: Iturraspe Oviedo Francisco José , Cabral Silva Wanise , Cunha Santos Maria Luisa
Published: November 2023

A Uber figura como a maior plataforma digital de transporte de passageiros e mercadorias em atuação no Brasil, porém busca de maneira consistente evitar a caracterização de relação de emprego com seus motoristas. Nesse sentido, com a crescente judicialização de casos em que esses trabalhadores buscam o reconhecimento da relação de emprego, a plataforma criou uma estratégia de atuação judicial que consiste em utilizar a jurimetria para antecipar o resultado do julgamento da lide pelos tribunais trabalhistas, propondo acordo nas ações em que poderia obter decisão desfavorável ao passo que permite que o julgamento das ações em órgãos com tendência a julgar a favor de sua posição. Assim, o presente artigo buscar analisar o impacto da estratégia adotada pela Uber na formação de jurisprudência quanto à existência da relação de emprego com seus motoristas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica, pois se ampara tanto em livros, artigos científicos e dados estatísticos quanto em documentos judiciais, acórdãos e consulta aos portais dos tribunais trabalhistas. Com isso, foi possível concluir que o principal impacto da litigância estratégica analisada, para além da situação de insegurança em que os motoristas são deixados, é na própria esfera de criação do Direito, pois é construída uma jurisprudência artificialmente uniforme que atende os interesses particulares da Uber, o que representa uma ameaça ao próprio Judiciário e à autonomia das decisões judiciais uma vez que a jurisprudência é fonte secundária de Direito.
Childhood adversity and COVID-19 outcomes in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hanson Jamie L , O’Connor Kristen , Adkins Dorthea J , Kahhale Isabella
Published: November 2023

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the association between childhood adversity and COVID-19-related hospitalisation and COVID-19-related mortality in the UK Biobank.

Design

Cohort study.

Setting

UK.

Participants

151 200 participants in the UK Biobank cohort who had completed the Childhood Trauma Screen were alive at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2020) and were still active in the UK Biobank when hospitalisation and mortality data were most recently updated (November 2021).

Main outcome measures

COVID-19-related hospitalisation and COVID-19-related mortality.

Results

Higher self-reports of childhood adversity were related to greater likelihood of COVID-19-related hospitalisation in all statistical models. In models adjusted for age, ethnicity and sex, childhood adversity was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.227 of hospitalisation (95% CI 1.153 to 1.306, childhood adversityz=6.49, p<0.005) and an OR of 1.25 of a COVID-19-related death (95% CI 1.11 to 1.424, childhood adversityz=3.5, p<0.005). Adjustment for potential confounds attenuated these associations, although associations remained statistically significant.

Conclusions

Childhood adversity was significantly associated with COVID-19-related hospitalisation and COVID-19-related mortality after adjusting for sociodemographic and health confounders. Further research is needed to clarify the biological and psychosocial processes underlying these associations to inform public health intervention and prevention strategies to minimise COVID-19 disparities.
Dynamic Response of the 300mm-Diameter Projectile Impacting RC Slab
Authors: Liang Jing , Huang Hua , Huang Min , Liu Huiping
Published: October 2023

Some critical civil infrastructure projects, such as government offices, command buildings, airport stations, and transportation routes, are highly susceptible to missile attacks during conflicts. To investigate the influence of impact velocity ([Formula: see text] and impact location on the dynamic responses of RC slabs and projectiles, finite element models were established to simulate the perforation of the 300[Formula: see text]mm-diameter projectile into the 100[Formula: see text]mm-thick RC slab. The results indicate that both [Formula: see text] and impact location have effects on the relative relationship between kinetic energy and internal energy of the RC slab. Stresses exceeding 48[Formula: see text]MPa ([Formula: see text] and maximum displacement of the RC slab are primarily concentrated around the bullet hole, extending to a distance of approximately 450[Formula: see text]mm (1.5[Formula: see text] from the impact center. After perforation, the relationship between velocity loss ratio and [Formula: see text], as well as the relationship between kinetic energy loss ratio and [Formula: see text], conforms to the power function distribution. Considering the damage to the RC slab, the Chen model, Peng model, and Konyaew model of the residual velocity prove more suitable for this working condition, especially the Chen model.
Energy Content Analysis of the Large 2019 Ridgecrest, California Seismic Sequence
Authors: Yaghmaei-Sabegh Saman
Published: October 2023

The energy content of ground motion records obtained during the 2019 M6.4, M7.1 Ridgecrest, California earthquakes which occurred closely in space is analyzed in this paper. Wavelet transform as a powerful tool, that is used to evaluate the energy content characteristics including cumulative energy profiles and the total energy for different components of records, was obtained at three stations named China Lake Christmas Canyon, China Lake and Tower 2. Due to the fact that the energy-based parameters could be well correlated with damage distribution, this path has been taken into consideration in this research work with the light of the powerful wavelet tool. For this purpose, the discrete wavelet transform is efficiently used for multi-resolution decomposition of acceleration time history of ground motions and a new framework is presented to estimate the energy level of earthquake sequences. Finally, the pseudo-period corresponding to each corresponding level is introduced and the distribution of energy vs. the pseudo-period is discussed. The results of this paper provide a platform to compare the energy levels of different earthquake sequences in different periods. Analysis showed that wide-band energy distribution could be identified at China Lake Christmas Canyon and Tower 2 stations.
Theoretical mechanism of boundary-driven instability of the reaction–diffusion population system
Authors: Song Yong-Li , Yang Gao-Xiang
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study the stability of a constant equilibrium solution of the reaction–diffusion population equation under different boundary conditions through analysis of its characteristic equation. In a scalar reaction–diffusion equation, we have found that the stability of a constant equilibrium solution is different when the scalar reaction–diffusion equation is subject to Neumann boundary conditions, Dirichlet boundary conditions and the mixed type boundary conditions, respectively. Similarly, the more complex results are found in the two reaction–diffusion equations with all different kinds boundary conditions. The relevant numerical calculation results are carried out to demonstrate the validity of theoretical analysis.
Approximation algorithms for the graph burning on cactus and directed trees
Authors: Gautam Rahul Kumar , Kare Anjeneya Swami , Bhavani S. Durga
Published: October 2023

Given a graph [Formula: see text], the problem of Graph Burning is to find a sequence of nodes from [Formula: see text], called a burning sequence, to burn the whole graph. This is a discrete-step process, and at each step, an unburned vertex is selected as an agent to spread fire to its neighbors by marking it as a burnt node. A burnt node spreads the fire to its neighbors at the next consecutive step. The goal is to find the burning sequence of minimum length. The Graph Burning problem is NP-Hard for general graphs and even for binary trees. A few approximation results are known, including a [Formula: see text]-approximation algorithm for general graphs and a [Formula: see text]-approximation algorithm for trees. The Graph Burning on directed graphs is more challenging than on undirected graphs. In this paper, we propose (1) A [Formula: see text]-approximation algorithm for a cactus graph (undirected), (2) A [Formula: see text]-approximation algorithm for multi-rooted directed trees (polytree) and (3) A [Formula: see text]-approximation algorithm for the single-rooted directed tree (arborescence). We implement all three approximation algorithms, and the results are shown for randomly generated cactus graphs, multi-rooted directed trees and single-rooted directed trees.
On graceful coloring of generalized Petersen graphs
Authors: Kristiana A. I. , Setyawan D. , Albirri E. R. , Prihandini R. M. , Alfarisi R.
Published: October 2023

The graphs used in this paper are simple, connected and finite graph. A graceful [Formula: see text]-coloring of a graph [Formula: see text] is a proper vertex coloring [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] which induces a proper edge coloring [Formula: see text] that defined by [Formula: see text]. Proper vertex coloring [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text] is a graceful coloring if [Formula: see text] is a graceful m-coloring for [Formula: see text]. The minimum vertex coloring, that can apply such that a graph [Formula: see text] can be colored with graceful coloring, is called a graceful chromatic number and it is denoted by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we will investigate the graceful chromatic number of generalized Petersen graph [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text].
Low Complexity Radio Frequency Interference Mitigation for Radio Astronomy Using Large Antenna Array
Authors: Tariq Zaid Bin , Creighton Teviet , Dartez Louis P. , Al-Dhahir Naofal , Torlak Murat
Published: October 2023

With the ongoing growth in radio communications, there is an increased contamination of radio astronomical source data, which hinders the study of celestial radio sources. In many cases, fast mitigation of strong radio frequency interference (RFI) is valuable for studying short lived radio transients so that the astronomers can perform detailed observations of celestial radio sources. The standard method to manually excise contaminated blocks in time and frequency makes the removed data useless for radio astronomy analyses. This motivates the need for better RFI mitigation techniques for array of size M antennas. Although many solutions for mitigating strong RFI improves the quality of the final celestial source signal, many standard approaches require all the eigenvalues of the spatial covariance matrix ([Formula: see text]) of the received signal, which has [Formula: see text] computation complexity for removing RFI of size d where [Formula: see text]. In this work, we investigate two approaches for RFI mitigation, (1) the computationally efficient Lanczos method based on the Quadratic Mean to Arithmetic Mean (QMAM) approach using information from previously-collected data under similar radio-sky-conditions, and (2) an approach using a celestial source as a reference for RFI mitigation. QMAM uses the Lanczos method for finding the Rayleigh–Ritz values of the covariance matrix [Formula: see text], thus, reducing the computational complexity of the overall approach to [Formula: see text]. Our numerical results, using data from the radio observatory Long Wavelength Array (LWA-1), demonstrate the effectiveness of both proposed approaches to remove strong RFI, with the QMAM-based approach still being computationally efficient.
Design of an Ultra-Wideband Antenna Feed and Reflector for use in Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Interferometers
Authors: Podczerwinski John , Timbie Peter
Published: October 2023

This paper describes the design of a 5.5:1 bandwidth feed antenna and reflector system, intended for use in hydrogen intensity mapping experiments. The system is optimized to reduce systematic effects that can arise in these experiments from scattering within the feed/reflector and cross-coupling between antennas. The proposed feed is an ultra-wideband Vivaldi style design and was optimized to have a smooth frequency response, high gain, and minimal shadowing of the reflector dish. This feed can optionally include absorptive elements which reduce systematics but degrade sensitivity. The proposed reflector is a deep parabolic dish with [Formula: see text] along with an elliptical collar to provide additional shielding. The procedure for optimizing these design choices is described.
A Shared Vision Begets the Future: Korea-India Defense Cooperation
Authors: JI YEON-JUNG
Published: October 2023

For the past two decades, India and South Korea have sought to create a strategic convergence in their long-term cooperation. Defense cooperation, which has been discussed bilaterally, is a key area of their partnership, should it later be transformed to companionship. As some of their efforts have materialized, South Korea has become the fifth largest exporter of conventional arms to India. Markedly, Seoul and New Delhi are on the way to restyle their regional strategies towards each other to fit into their Indo-Pacific strategies. In the course, two sides have found valid points to explore stronger partnership than in the past. The stronger driver they have now is likely to sustain in the future as they already made some meaningful progress in the last decade. In this latest move, the two sides appear to be on the right trajectory; however, the future awaits a more productive joint effort.
An Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on GO@CS for Highly Sensitive and Accurate Detection of Cardiovascular Markers-cTn- I
Authors: Sun Bolu , Kan Lei , Liu Yuhong , Sun Yanlei , Liu Jinhai , Wu Yuqiong , Li Huajie , Yu Shixing , Bao Liangrong , Gao Chengyang , Yang Yanmei , Yang Lin
Published: November 2023

The hidden hazards of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are enormous, and there is a lack of early warning and prognostic risk assessment technologies. In this study, Cardiac troponin I (cTn-I), the “gold standard” for CVDs diagnosis, was selected as the target molecule, and chitosan functionalized graphene oxide composites (GO@CS) with excellent electrochemical performance were prepared as the electrode base material. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were deposited on GO@CS by electrochemical deposition. Due to the large surface area, excellent electrical conductivity and good biocompatibility of GO@CS assembled with AuNPs provide abundant active sites for the immobilization of cTn-I antigen. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 2.44 × 10−2 ng ml−1 to 2.50 × 10 ng ml−1 and a low detection limit of 1.12 × 10−2 ng ml−1 (S/N = 3). This study achieves the highly sensitive identification and detection of trace amounts of cTn-I in complex biological samples, providing a convenient and efficient method for the detection of CVDs-related markers. It also provides a scientific basis, new technologies and new methods for the development of objective early warning techniques for CVDs and the study of related pathological mechanisms.
The Intentional Alteration of Jewish Manuscripts and the Houston Mahzor
Authors: Wolfthal Diane , Hollender Elisabeth
Published: November 2023

Books are living forms that must be understood not simply as they were at the moment and place of their creation, but also as they changed through time and space. This article focuses on a little-known medieval mahzor from the Rhineland, currently in Houston, which has been published in only three catalogue entries. It begins by introducing the manuscript and then goes on to focus on what is perhaps its most remarkable aspect: its extensive mutilation. After examining how and why other medieval Jewish manuscripts were intentionally altered, this essay explores the various campaigns that modified the Houston Mahzor and what can be known about the manuscript’s missing texts and images. Reimagining the Mahzor as it once was reveals a richly illuminated manuscript with strikingly unusual images. Studying how it was intentionally altered over time uncovers a range of reactions from its varied audience, Jewish and Christian, German and Italian, medieval and modern.
Oribatid mites in Burmese amber I. First record of the family Achipteriidae (Acariformes, Oribatida) in Cretaceous amber, with the description of a new species of Cerachipteria Grandjean, 1935
Authors: ARILLO ANTONIO , SUBÍAS LUIS S. , HUANG DI-YING
Published: October 2023

Burmese amber originates from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar (Burma). Shi et al. (2012) proposed an age of ca. 99 Ma based on zircon dating, whereas Smith & Ross (2018) proposed an age of 100 Ma based on sediments inside amber produced by bored bivalves. Regarding the plant producing resin Cruickshank & Ko (2003) recorded spores both of Araucariaceae and Taxodiaceae origin. Poinar et al. (2007) proposed an araucariacean origin due to the similitudes with modern kauri pines (Agathis) from New Zealand, while Grimaldi & Ross (2017) suggested the possibility of a Cupressaceae (Metasequoia) origin. Although amber inclusions from Myanmar were first described by Cockerell (1916), great interest (and a huge number of papers) in this biota started only two decades ago.
First leafhopper from the earliest Eocene Fur Formation (Denmark) representing a new genus of Cicadellinae (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha)
Authors: DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H. , PERKOVSKY EVGENY E.
Published: October 2023

The Fur Formation, located in the western Limfjord region of northern Jutland, Denmark, is famous for its numerous and often exceptionally well-preserved marine and terrestrial fossils (e.g., Bonde et al., 2008). The geological background of the Konservat-Lagerstätte was described by Pedersen & Surlyk (1983). The formation preserves a rich record of earliest Ypresian (Eocene, ca. 55 Ma) fossil insects (e.g., Madsen & Rasmussen, 2021). The fauna includes many hemipterans mostly representing Heteroptera and Sternorrhyncha but the diverse modern family Cicadellidae (leafhoppers) is represented by a single specimen among the >20,000 available insect fossils discovered so far.
First fossil record of Trichosteleum (Bryophyta: Sematophyllaceae) from mid-Miocene Zhangpu amber in Asia
Authors: WANG ZI-XI , WU XIE-TING , YIN SU-XIN , DONG CHONG , LIU WEI-QIU
Published: October 2023

The evolutionary history of terrestrial moss in Asia during the Cenozoic is poorly interpreted in largely because of very limited fossil evidence. The middle Miocene Zhangpu amber is the sole resin source of moss fossils in China, which shows a diverse moss population during the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum. In this study, we reported the discovery of a gametophyte fragment of moss fossil in a well-preserved amber inclusion from the middle Miocene of Zhangpu, Southeast China. The observation methods involved light microscopy and synchrotron radiation–based X-ray microcomputed tomography analysis on the amber inclusions. The fossil has lanceolate leaves with involute margins, long linear laminal cells with unipapillae, well-developed and enlarged alar cells, and an absence of costae. The fossil is assigned to the extant Trichosteleum and represents the only known occurrence of a fossilized Trichosteleum member in Asia. This finding enhances our comprehension on the moss diversity within Zhangpu amber and establishes a first record of Trichosteleum in Asia.
How many species of Sturisoma (Siluriformes: Loricariinae) inhabit the La Plata Basin?
Authors: CARDOSO YAMILA , BOGAN SERGIO , AGNOLIN FEDERICO , PETEAN FLÁVIA DE FIGUEIREDO
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present contribution is to review the taxonomy of the loricariid Sturisoma in the La Plata basin. The original description of the species S. barbatum is analyzed and compared to Regan’s later description of S. robustum. We noticed that Kner’s illustrations may have influenced the description by Regan and other later authors, leading to confusion in the taxonomy of Sturisoma. The diagnostic characteristics and molecular data of S. barbatum and S. robustum are discussed, and we concluded that the differences observed by previous authors are part of the intraspecific variation within a single species. This indicates that S. barbatum is a senior synonym of S. robustum. Sturisoma barbatum is compared to other Sturisoma species.
Stoliczia setoiyenica, a new species of freshwater crab from southern Thailand (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae)
Authors: TAN ZHI WAN , LHEKNIM VACHIRA , NG PETER K. L.
Published: October 2023

A new species of freshwater crab is described from southern Thailand, near the border with Peninsular Malaysia. Species of Stoliczia are characterised by their relatively flat carapace, a third maxilliped exopod that possesses no or a very short flagellum, and a conical male gonopod terminal segment that lacks or only has a very low dorsal fold. Stoliczia setoiyenica, new species, most closely resembles S. perlensis and S. kedahensis from northern Peninsula Malaysia but can be easily distinguished from congeners by differences in carapace and male gonopod morphology. Comparisons to the two known Thai Stoliczia species, S. panhai and S. ekavibhathai, are also provided for completeness.
A new species of Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966 and new record of Plesiochrysa ramburi (Schneider, 1851) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China, with potential biocontrol significance
Authors: WANG MAOZHI , LI ZIYUAN , LIU XINGYUE
Published: October 2023

A new green lacewing species Apertochrysa roseusfrontata sp. nov. and a newly recorded Plesiochrysa ramburi (Schneider, 1851) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) from South China are described based on the morphological characters of both adults and larvae. Both species were found predating Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley, 1959 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine, 1838) in Guangdong Province.
Review of the genus Ressia Sinev, 1988 (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), with descriptions of four new species from China
Authors: ZHANG DI , LI HOUHUN
Published: October 2023

Six species of the genus Ressia Sinev, 1988 from China are reviewed. Four species are described as new: R. disparilis Li, sp. nov., R. forcipata Li, sp. nov., R. semilunata Li, sp. nov., and R. sinevi Li, sp. nov. Images of adults and genitalia are provided, along with a key to all the seven species in the world.
Spilogona dispar (Fallén, 1823) and its Palaearctic relatives (Diptera: Muscidae)
Authors: PONT ADRIAN C.
Published: November 2023

A key is given to Spilogona dispar (Fallén, 1823) and three related Palaearctic species. Spilogona paradispar sp. nov. is described as a new species from Armenia and Georgia. New distribution records are given for Spilogona taeniata (Stein, 1916).
Love Power: From Identification to Advocacy in Fashion Sportswear in the Social Media Context
Authors: Loureiro Sandra Maria Correia , Rodrigues Áurea , Martins Catarina
Published: October 2023

There is limited research on how sports fashion brands should develop their strategies to enhance customers’ virtual level of connectedness with companies, taking advantage of the recent expressive growth in social network users. Thus, a new structural model is proposed to analyse the drivers and outcomes of cognitive online brand identification (COBI). This study intends to explore in the sports fashion context (a) the effect of brand prestige and lifestyle congruency on cognitive brand identification, (b) the direct effect of cognitive brand identification on brand advocacy and (c) the indirect effect through brand love. Data were collected using a prolific panel from the United Kingdom and considering individuals that use at least one social media platform to search for and purchase sports fashion clothes ( n = 304). The findings indicate that online brand prestige and lifestyle congruency are related to COBI and its outcomes. Although the direct relationship between online brand identification and brand advocacy is not significant, brand love mediates this relationship. Thus, a sports fashion customer is able to forgive any mistake and recommend the sports brand to others, and love towards the brand should be part of the process.
Patient Reported Outcome of Palatal Donor Site After Harvesting Connective Tissue Graft With or Without Platelet-rich Fibrin: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Yadav Shashank , Bains Vivek Kumar , Madan Rohit , Srivastava Ruchi , Soi Sunakshi
Published: October 2023

Aim:

To evaluate the palatal donor site after harvesting connective tissue graft with or without platelet-rich fibrin (PRF).

Material and Methods:

Forty-two patients requiring connective tissue grafting were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental palatal donor site ( n = 21) received PRF before suturing, and the control palatal donor site ( n = 21) was sutured without any PRF.

Results:

Among 42 enrolled patients requiring connective tissue grafting, 34 patients completed the study. After 10 days, there was an increase in the average thickness of the palatal surgical test site in PRF-treated patients, whereas it decreased in non-PRF-treated patients. Patients’ response and acceptance for the surgical treatment modality in terms of Patient Comfort Score (PCS) and Patient Appearance Score (PAS) showed less discomfort and better/pleasing appearance in the experimental group after treatment as compared with the control group. “Absolute contour match” of the healing lesion to adjacent mucosa was observed in 76.5% of experimental sites, and no “absolute contour match” was observed with the adjacent non-surgical tissue in the control group, whereas, at 3 and 12 weeks, a 100% “absolute match” with the adjacent tissue was observed for all esthetic parameters in both groups.

Conclusion:

PRF usage at the donor site seems to be a simple less-invasive approach of high significance resulting in more accelerated physiological healing phenomenon and better early healing response.
Evaluation of the prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among opium users, and cigarette smokers and comparison with normal population in Kharameh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Raeisy Laleh , Masoompour Seyed Masoom , Rezaianzadeh Abbas
Published: November 2023

Background

Recent studies have suggested that opium use may increase mortality from pulmonary diseases. However, there are limited comprehensive studies regarding the prevalence of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) among tobacco and opium users has been published. We aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory disease among tobacco and opium users.

Methods

This cross-sectional study of tobacco and opium users and matched controls was conducted in the Kharameh Cohort, Fars, Iran. The prevalence of COPD and asthma, along with the participants demographical and spirometry data were examined.

Results

The average age of participants was 57 ± 8 years. Never smokers had a significant higher BMI (26.6 vs. 24.8), FEV1 (91% vs. 82%) and FVC (96% vs. 88%) values compared to participants with a positive smoking status. There was a statistical difference in the prevalence of COPD, asthma, and asthma COPD overlap (ACO) based on the participants smoking status, with the highest prevalence among opium and cigarette smokers, followed by opium users alone. Based on multivariate analysis, higher age, lower BMI, lower education than under diploma, cigarette smoking and opium use were significantly correlated with higher COPD prevalence; while lower age, cigarette smoking and opium use were significantly correlated with higher asthma prevalence. Illiterate participants had a significantly higher prevalence of COPD (23.6%), asthma (22%), and ACO (7.9%) among the educational groups. Regarding the prevalence of asthma, the higher socio-economic group had the lowest prevalence.

Conclusions

Opium and tobacco users had a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory diseases, along with lower lung function tests based on spirometry evaluation.
Comparison of surface roughness and hardness of three different brands of esthetic coated NiTi archwires: invitro study
Authors: Aboalnaga Amira A. , Shahawi Amal M. El
Published: October 2023

Background

The purpose of the current in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of three brands of as-received esthetic coated NiTi archwires and compare them with the same parameters after immersion in artificial saliva.

Methods

Three groups of 0.016 × 0.022 inch epoxy-coated NiTi orthodontic wires [Tooth tone coated NiTi (Ortho Technology, West Columbia, USA), EverWhite NiTi (American Orthodontics, Wisconsin, USA) and Nitanium Super Elastic Tooth Tone Plastic coated (Ortho Organizers, San Marcos, CA, USA)] were compared. Each group was subdivided into five as-received archwire specimens and five archwire specimens retrieved following immersion in artificial saliva for 28 days. Atomic force microscopy was used for analysis of average surface roughness (Sa). Hardness testing was performed using Digital Vickers hardness tester. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparing the wire groups.

Results

The ranking of (Sa) values was as follows: Nitanium Ortho Organizers > Everwhite American Orthodontics > Tooth tone Ortho Technology (P > 0.05). Nitanium Ortho Organizers archwires showed significantly greater (Sa) than both other groups following immersion in saliva (P < 0.001). The coating hardness of as-received and post-immersion archwires from Tooth tone Ortho Technology was significantly lower than the other groups (P < 0.001). For all the three types of archwires, the mean hardness of immersed wires was significantly lower than that of the as-received archwires (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Esthetic coated archwires have shown unpleasant surface changes following exposure to artificial saliva. These surface changes are affected by physical characteristics such as surface roughness and hardness of the coating.
Application of a new multi-element integrated teaching mode based on bite-sized teaching, flipped classroom, and MOOC in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynaecology
Authors: Liao Wenyan , He Jun , Yang Chunfen , Qi Shuo , Chen Guodong , Ding Chengming
Published: November 2023

Context

Effective clinical medical student education includes attention to teaching approaches. This study assessed the impact of a new multi-element teaching mode that utilizes Bite-Sized Teaching, flipped classroom, and MOOC on learner perception in an Obstetrics and gynaecology clerkship.

Methods

A Two-stage crossover design study was conducted of a multi-element teaching mode compared to traditional teaching mode in an academic year. Participants included Ninety-six medical students practicing obstetrics and gynecology in our hospital, randomly divided into two groups respectively underwent multi-element teaching mode and traditional teaching mode. After each semester, a final test (including theoretical and clinical practical test) was conducted.When an academic year was completed, post intervention survey assessed learner perceptions of the intervention.

Result

In order to comprehensively test students’ performance after study, we take theoretical and practical examinations. The theoretical examination mainly tests students’ grasp of basic knowledge points, while the practical examination focuses on the examination of students’ diagnosis and treatment of diseases. There were statistically significant differences both in the theoretical and clinical practical scores between the new multi-element integrated teaching mode and the traditional teaching mode, specifically as follows: In the end of first semester, the theoretical scores of the two groups were respective 43.75 ± 3.42 vs. 42.07 ± 2.90, and clinic practical test scores were respective 44.93 ± 2.42 vs. 43.37 ± 2.52; In the end of second semester, the theoretical scores of the two groups were respective 44.30 ± 2.69 vs. 42.25 ± 3.39, and clinic practical test scores were respective 43.79 ± 2.25 vs. 41.93 ± 2.80.(p < 0.05). The results of questionnaires demonstrated that 80.21% of the students showed preference for the new multi-element integrated teaching mode comparing to traditional teaching methods.

Conclusion

The new multi-element integrated teaching mode is well accepted by the students and can improve the students’ mastery of knowledge, and can improve the students’ clinical comprehensive ability. The new multi-element integrated teaching mode is shown more preference than traditional teaching mode in the teaching of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Further long term study is needed carried out to consolidate our conclusion. The new multi-element integrated teaching mode may have positive effects on clinical teaching of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
Early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and gut microbiome disruption across adulthood for type 2 diabetes: three population-based cohort studies
Authors: Gou Wanglong , Wang Huijun , Tang Xin-yi , He Yan , Su Chang , Zhang Jiguo , Sun Ting-yu , Jiang Zengliang , Miao Zelei , Fu Yuanqing , Zhao Hui , Chen Yu-ming , Zhang Bing , Zhou Hongwei , Zheng Ju-Sheng
Published: November 2023

Background

The early life stage is critical for the gut microbiota establishment and development. We aimed to investigate the lifelong impact of famine exposure during early life on the adult gut microbial ecosystem and examine the association of famine-induced disturbance in gut microbiota with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

We profiled the gut microbial composition among 11,513 adults (18–97 years) from three independent cohorts and examined the association of famine exposure during early life with alterations of adult gut microbial diversity and composition. We performed co-abundance network analyses to identify keystone taxa in the three cohorts and constructed an index with the shared keystone taxa across the three cohorts. Among each cohort, we used linear regression to examine the association of famine exposure during early life with the keystone taxa index and assessed the correlation between the keystone taxa index and type 2 diabetes using logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. We combined the effect estimates from the three cohorts using random-effects meta-analysis.

Results

Compared with the no-exposed control group (born during 1962–1964), participants who were exposed to the famine during the first 1000 days of life (born in 1959) had consistently lower gut microbial alpha diversity and alterations in the gut microbial community during adulthood across the three cohorts. Compared with the no-exposed control group, participants who were exposed to famine during the first 1000 days of life were associated with consistently lower levels of keystone taxa index in the three cohorts (pooled beta − 0.29, 95% CI − 0.43, − 0.15). Per 1-standard deviation increment in the keystone taxa index was associated with a 13% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (pooled odds ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.80, 0.93), with consistent results across three individual cohorts.

Conclusions

These findings reveal a potential role of the gut microbiota in the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) hypothesis, deepening our understanding about the etiology of type 2 diabetes.
Recombinant Slit2 suppresses neuroinflammation and Cdc42-mediated brain infiltration of peripheral immune cells via Robo1–srGAP1 pathway in a rat model of germinal matrix hemorrhage
Authors: Li Qian , Huang Lei , Ding Yan , Sherchan Prativa , Peng Wenjie , Zhang John H.
Published: October 2023

Background

Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devastating neonatal stroke, in which neuroinflammation is a critical pathological contributor. Slit2, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, plays a repulsive role in axon guidance and leukocyte chemotaxis via the roundabout1 (Robo1) receptor. This study aimed to explore effects of recombinant Slit2 on neuroinflammation and the underlying mechanism in a rat model of GMH.

Methods

GMH was induced by stereotactically infusing 0.3 U of bacterial collagenase into the germinal matrix of 7-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. Recombinant Slit2 or its vehicle was administered intranasally at 1 h after GMH and daily for 3 consecutive days. A decoy receptor recombinant Robo1 was co-administered with recombinant Slit2 after GMH. Slit2 siRNA, srGAP1 siRNA or the scrambled sequences were administered intracerebroventricularly 24 h before GMH. Neurobehavior, brain water content, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and Cdc42 activity assays were performed.

Results

The endogenous brain Slit2 and Robo1 expressions were increased after GMH. Robo1 was expressed on neuron, astrocytes and infiltrated peripheral immune cells in the brain. Endogenous Slit2 knockdown by Slit2 siRNA exacerbated brain edema and neurological deficits following GMH. Recombinant Slit2 (rSlit2) reduced neurological deficits, proinflammatory cytokines, intercellular adhesion molecules, peripheral immune cell markers, neuronal apoptosis and Cdc42 activity in the brain tissue after GMH. The anti-neuroinflammation effects were reversed by recombinant Robo1 co-administration or srGAP1 siRNA.

Conclusions

Recombinant Slit2 reduced neuroinflammation and neuron apoptosis after GMH. Its anti-neuroinflammation effects by suppressing onCdc42-mediated brain peripheral immune cells infiltration was at least in part via Robo1–srGAP1 pathway. These results imply that recombinant Slit2 may have potentials as a therapeutic option for neonatal brain injuries.
Exosome-transmitted miR-30a-5p enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in ovarian cancer
Authors: Cao Jian , Wang Huan , Yang Jing , Zhang Jing , Li Dake , Xu Pengfei
Published: November 2023

Background

Ovarian cancer (OC) causes the highest rates of mortality among women’s genital tract malignancies. Micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA), the most abundant long noncoding RNAs transmitted by exosomes, has been revealed to be a potential marker for OC since 2008. In this study, we aimed to determine the possible roles of miRNAs derived from exosomes in the early diagnosis of OC through miRNA microarray, besides, exploring the underlying mechanisms of miRNAs in the OC progression.

Methods

We isolated exosomes from high invasive OC cell line HO8910PM and its parent cell line HO8910 using transmission electron microscopy and western blot, and performed miRNA microarray to identify the exosome-transmitted miRNA from the two cell lines, respectively. The expression profile was obtained by quantitative analysis, and then the differentially expressed individuals were screened. miRNA-30a-5p, a stable miRNA in both cells of our sequencing data was set for further study. MiR-30a-5p mimics, inhibitor and their corresponding negative controls were applied in OC cells. Then the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of different groups were analyzed via cell counting-kit 8 (CCK8), wound healing, and Transwell analyses. Besides, ZBE2 and LDH2 expressions were detected by qRT-PCR.

Results

Combined with the data report of miRNA microarray technology, we set miR-30a-5p as our target miRNA to analyze its molecular function in regulating proliferation, migration, and invasion in OC cells. Our results showed that the miR-30a-5p overexpression could significantly enhance the capability of proliferation, migration, and invasion of HO8910 and HO8910PM cells, whereas the miR-30a-5p inhibition showed the opposite tendency (all P < 0.05). Besides, miR-30a-5p may be involved in these oncogenic processes through the upregulation of ZEB2 and LDH2.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that exosome-transmitted miRNA-30a-5p promotes the malignant behavior of OC cells, which may be served as a promising diagnostic and prognostic marker for patients with OC.