bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paratextual Framing for Translating and Disseminating the Ming novel Jinpingmei in the Anglophone world
Authors: Xiao Shuangjin
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the paratextual framing of the English translations of Jinpingmei (JPM). The primary focus is on the ways in which two remarkable translations are (re)packaged for the intended audience in the Anglophone world. Drawing upon Genette’s paratextuality theory and contemporary translation theories, the paper attempts to investigate whether and how paratextual elements can (re)shape the two translations and foster the representation of alterity. After presenting the theoretical framework, the paper focuses on the peritexts surrounding the core texts. It argues that peritextual manipulation not merely serves marketing ends but highlights translators’ visibility and ideological intervention in producing translations of premodern Chinese texts in different historical settings in the receiving context. It concludes that translational peritexts can be an effective means to enact cross-cultural construction and that the latest translation demonstrates a higher level of peritextual visibility in sustaining the genre of Chinese vernacular fiction and in promoting images of Chinese culture in the receiving context.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITY, DAN CAPITAL INTENSITY RATIO TERHADAP EFFECTIVE TAX RATE (ETR) (STUDY KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN KONTRUKSI DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR PADA BEI TAHUN 2014-2018)
Authors: Pristanti Apriliya , Harimurti Fadjar , Suharno Suharno
Published: September 2022

Effective tax rate (ETR) is basically a presentation of the amount of tax rates borne by the company. This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of Leverage, Profitability, and Capital Intensity Ratio on the Effective Tax Rate. The population in this study is the Construction and Real Estate Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. The population of this research is 48 Construction and Real Estate companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique, selected companies as many as 20 companies. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that leverage has a positive and significant effect on the Effective Tax Rate. Profitability has a negative and significant effect on Effective Tax Rate. Capital Intensity Ratio has no effect on the Effective Tax Rate. The benefit of this research is that it can broaden horizons and at the same time gain knowledge about leverage, profitability, capital intensity ratio to the effective tax rate.
PENGARUH ILMU AKUNTANSI DAN MINAT PENCATATAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN USAHA MIKRO DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Authors: Triasanti Anindita , Rispantyo Rispantyo , Kristianto Djoko
Published: September 2022

Micro Business has a very important role for financial development in certain areas. The purposenofnthisnstudynwasntonanalyzenthensignificancenof the influencenofnaccounting science andnaccounting record interest in the success of microbusinesses innKaranganyarnRegency. Thenpopulationnofnthisnresearchnis all business operators in Karanganyar Regency, amounting to 46,000 micro businesses, while the sample ofnthisnstudynisn100nbusinessnoperators. The researchnmethod uses dmultiple nlinearn regressionn analysisn methods. Thenresults showed simultaneously that accounting sciencenvariablesnand accounting record interestsnhadnanpositivenandnsignificantneffectnonnthensuccessnofnmicrobusinesss innKaranganyar Regency.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH, KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, PERAN AUDIT INTERNAL TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Pada OPD Kabupaten Sukoharjo)
Authors: Handayani Putri Nur , Rispantyo Rispantyo , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of application of government accounting standards on quality of region’s government financial reports, the effect of human resource competencies on quality of regions’s government financial reports, the effect of the role of internal audit on quality of regin’s government financial reports, and to determine the effect of the application of government accounting standards, human resources, the role of internal audits on the quality of region’s government financial reports.

This study belongs to quantitative research. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique used 161 sample. Data analysis was done by using multiple regression with the help of SPSS V21 software.

The results showed that the application of government accounting standards had a positive and significant effect on the quality of region’s government financial report, human resource competence had a positive and significant effect on the quality of region’s government financial reports, the role of internal audit had a positive and significant effect on the quality of region’s government financial reports, and the application of government accounting standards, human resource competencies, the role of internal audit had a significant effect on the quality of region’s government financial reports.
PENGARUH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA AUDITOR DENGAN INDEPENDENSI, INTEGRITAS, DAN PEMAHAMAN GOOD GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI (Studi Empiris pada KAP di Jawa Tengah dan DIY)
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Nurita Elfani
Published: September 2022

This study aims to (1) analyze the effect of organizational commitment on auditor performance (2) analyze independence as a moderating effect on organizational commitment on auditor performance (3) analyze integrity as a moderating effect on organizational commitment on auditor performance (4) analyze understanding of good governance as moderating the effect of organizational commitment on auditor performance. This study uses a sample of 48 auditors working on KAP in Central Java and Yogyakarta. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques using regression analysis with absolute difference test. The findings show (1) organizational commitment has a significant effect on auditor performance (2) independence is a moderating variable that can strengthen the effect of organizational commitment on auditor performance (3) integrity is a moderating variable that can strengthen the effect of organizational commitment on auditor performance (4) understanding of good governance is a moderating variable that can strengthen the effect of organizational commitment on auditor performance.
PENGARUH SIMPANAN ANGGOTA, PINJAMAN ANGGOTA DAN JUMLAH ANGGOTA TERHADAP SISA HASIL USAHA
Authors: Lestari Widi Nur , Widarno Bambang , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of member savings, member loansand number of members on the remaining results of operations. The types of dataused in this study are qualitative and quantitative. The data source used issecondary data. The population in this study are all financial statements inSurakarta Civil Servants cooperatives. The sample used in this study is thenumber of member deposits, member loans and the number of members during the2009-2018 period. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with certaincriteria. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linearregression. The results of member savings, member loans and total membershiphave a significant positive effect
PENERAPAN APLIKASI AKUNTANSI LAMIKRO BERDASARKAN SAK EMKM PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL MENENGAH (STUDI KASUS PADA GILAPOLOS)
Authors: Suratno Achmad Wisnu Abdulloh , Astuti Dewi Saptantinah Puji , Harimurti Fadjar
Published: September 2022

This study aims to (1) determine whether the LAMIKRO applicationprogram based on SAK EMKM is appropriate for Gilapolos. (2) To know thesteps of the LAMIKRO Application program at Gilapolos. This study usesqualitative and quantitative data by observing the development of Gilapolos,production and sales as well as data collection in the form of Gilapolos financialtransaction records. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews anddocumentation. The results show that (1) the LAMIKRO application based onSAK EMKM can be applied correctly to Gilapolos' business, (2) describes thesteps in operating the LAMIKRO application, from creating a LAMIKRO accountto getting results in the form of an income statement and a statement of financialposition.
ANALISIS PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN MODEL ZMIJEWSKI DAN MODEL OHLSON PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (BUMN) YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PERIODE 2014 – 2018
Authors: Saputri Inneke Ryan , Widarno Bambang , Harimurti Fadjar
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the most accuratebankruptcy prediction model between the Zmijewski and Ohlson models inpredicting the bankruptcy of BUMN companies listed on the IDX on 2014 to 2018.The sample used is 16 BUMN with purposive sampling method. The data analysismethod uses the Zmjewski model and the Ohlson model with the help of MicrosoftExcel 2010. The results of this study are the Zmijewskizmodel is the most accuratemodelzin predicting bankruptcyzof BUMN companies listedzon thezIDX for the2014-2018 periodzwith an accuracy rate of 60% and type error. 40% while theOhlson model has an accuracy rate of 16.25% and a type error of 83.75%.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PERSPEKTIF FRAUD PENTAGON TERHADAP FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan BUMN yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2014- 2018)
Authors: Alvin Sofiana , Widarno Bambang , Kristianto Djoko
Published: September 2022

The theme of this research is frauduluent financial reporting. The purposeof this study is to identify indication fraudulent financial reporting using thePentagon fraud theory. Pentagon fraud theory has five elements of fraud riskthese are pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance.Testing of the pentagon fraud risk elements uses proxy variables, namely financialstability, external pressure, ineffective monitoring, nature of industry, change inauditor, change in director, and Number of CEO’s Pictures. Meanwhile, for thefraudulent financial reporting variable using proxy F-Score. The sample used was16 state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period2014-2018 with by means of a method of sampling the sampling method ofpurposif. An instrument of analysis that was used in this research was multiplelinier regression analysis. The results of the study obtained the conclusion thatthere are two variables which were significant negative in influencing thefinancial statement fraud, these are external pressure and nature of industry.Meanwhile financial stability, ineffective monitoring, change in auditors, changein directors and number of ceo’s picture has not been affecting in fraudulentfinancial reporting.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Astuti Rista Kurnia , Triastity Rahayu , Susanti Retno
Published: September 2022

Persaingan dalam dunia bisnis makanan kini semakin ketat, maka dari itu para pelaku bisnis makanan dituntut untuk menciptakan strategi yang dapat menarik para konsumen untuk mengkonsumsi produk atau jasa yang ditawarkan agar mampu bersaing dan unggul dibanding pesaingnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh brand image terhadap kepuasan konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh kepuasan konsumen terhadap loyalitas konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh brand image terhadap loyalitas konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen, menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh brand image terhadap loyalitas konsumen yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen, brand image berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen, kepuasan konsumen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen, kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen, brand image berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen, kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen dan brand image berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan konsumen.
Las dimensiones del precedente en Colombia
Authors: Ocampo Arroyave Juan Camilo
Published: September 2022

La finalidad de esta investigación es instruir sobre los parámetros del precedente, pero más allá, es también mostrar las contradicciones y cómo estas afectan algunas de sus características, son las manifestaciones que ponen en duda la naturaleza del precedente, aunque, el concepto tiene fuertes elementos que lo consagran cómo una formula imprescindible, también posee un margen de incertidumbre. En este texto, se presentan las distintas dimensiones abarcando algunos aspectos de la institucionalidad, objetividad, eficacia, naturaleza y estructura, con el propósito de desentrañar y analizar las diferentes variables conceptuales, desde un enfoque jurídico y filosófico. El precedente ha cultivado mecanismos y objetivos convenientes para el sistema de justicia y a su vez contribuye al mantenimiento de los principios constitucionales. El concepto despliega un conjunto de facultades y límites pactados por el ordenamiento jurídico, por lo que se evalúan términos primordiales como el sistema de fuentes, la obligatoriedad, la configuración, la obiter dicta, la ratio decidendi, los fundamentos, las formas de considerar el precedente, así como, la aplicación e interpretación de los distintos componentes y efectos esenciales. Por esto, las dimensiones del precedente se presentan desde dos perspectivas: por una parte, el concepto se observa ampliamente desde la normatividad en el que se expone y explica la naturaleza y estructura, definiendo términos, normas, formando clasificaciones, discrepancias, elementos y características; y por otra parte, desde la filosofía del derecho en la función de buscar lo que existe, se hallan las imprecisiones, interrogantes, las dificultades y se pone de plano lo que parece incorrecto. Los márgenes de duda generalmente están inclinados a considerar una postura débil respecto de su confiabilidad y utilidad, por lo tanto, es la discusión de las contradicciones lo que ponen en controversia el precedente.
Przegląd głównych powodów działania, wizji oraz misji największych polskich firm prywatnych
Authors: Kowalik Adam
Published: September 2022

Wizja i misja stanowią jedno z ważniejszych instrumentów zarządzania. Poza misją i wizją coraz częściej przedsiębiorstwa definiują także swój główny powód działania (purpose). Celem niniejszej pracy jest opisanie czy i jak największe polskie przedsiębiorstwa prywatne formułują swoje powody działania, wizje i misje. W badaniu uwzględniono 100 największych polskich firm prywatnych według rankingu Forbes „Ranking 100 Największych Polskich Firm Prywatnych” z 2020 roku. Ustalono, że żadna firma nie posiadała na swojej stronie informacji o powodzie swojej działalności. Zidentyfikowano 16 firm, które komunikowały swoją wizję, z czego w 9 przypadkach była ona sformułowana poprawnie, a w 7 niepoprawnie. Misję komunikowało na swoich stronach internetowych 38 firm, przy czym w 22 przypadkach była ona sformułowana poprawnie, a w 16 niepoprawnie. Podano przykłady sformułowań wizji i misji uznanych za poprawne oraz niepoprawne. Zaproponowano także kierunki dalszych badań.
Wymiary oceny satysfakcji lekarzy z wykorzystania systemu teleporad – perspektywa badawcza w Polsce
Authors: Walczak Renata , Gierszewska Grażyna , Bitkowska Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w 2021 roku wśród lekarzy na reprezentatywnej próbie 361 placówek POZ w Polsce. Do oceny wyników wykorzystano eksploracyjną analizę czynnikową. Zdaniem lekarzy, ważne są użyteczność i konieczność stosowania teleporad, łatwość świadczenia takich usług ze wskazaniem kontaktu z pacjentem oraz obsługi systemów informatycznych, zamiar świadczenia telekonsultacji, postrzegane bezpieczeństwo pacjentów oraz autonomia pracy. Znając zdanie lekarzy, kierownictwo placówek POZ może położyć nacisk na czynniki istotne z punktu widzenia jakości pracy, m.in. na szkolenia, organizację oraz komunikację. Zaprezentowane wyniki badań wykazały, iż telekonsultacje były dla lekarzy użytecznym rozwiązaniem, pozytywnie ocenili zdefiniowane wymiary satysfakcji. Prowadzone w artykule rozważania i przedstawione wyniki zarówno prac teoretycznych, jak i empirycznych będą stanowić wytyczne dla kadry kierowniczej zarządzającej jednostkami podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej w kontekście sprawnego świadczenia usług telekonsultacji.
Neuroróżnorodność – nowy obszar badań w naukach o zarządzaniu i jakości?
Authors: Wiater Mariola
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie istniejącego stanu wiedzy na temat neuroróżnorodności, rozpatrywanej w odniesieniu do autyzmu, w naukach o zarządzaniu i jakości za pomocą przeglądu zakresu literatury. Istotność problematyki neuroróżnorodności jako wymiaru różnorodności pracowniczej wynika ze skali występowania autyzmu i możliwości zwiększenia konkurencyjności organizacji dzięki zatrudnieniu osób neuroróżnorodnych posiadających szczególne uzdolnienia i predyspozycje. Uczestnictwo autystów w organizacji wymaga równocześnie modyfikacji metod zarządzania, stylu kierowania oraz zakresu wykorzystania technologii cyfrowych. Dokonany przegląd pozwala wysnuć wniosek o wzrastającym zainteresowaniu i małym zaawansowaniu badań nad neuroróżnorodnością w naukach o zarządzaniu i jakości. Oceniając aktualny stan wiedzy wskazano również kierunki dalszych badań nad rozwijaniem teorii i doskonaleniem praktyk zarządzania w analizowanym zakresie.
“Sujeitos de direitos” o discurso sobre a infância na construção das políticas assistenciais no projeto "Criciúma Criança" (1990-1992)
Authors: de Sá Ana Carolina , Gonçalves Alves Ismael
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo pretendemos analizar los discursos sobre la infancia pobre presentes en las políticas asistenciales del proyecto Criciúma Criança. El proyecto, desarrollado por el poder ejecutivo municipal, junto con instituciones filantrópicas, buscó implementar acciones de asistencia dirigidas a los niños pobres de la ciudad. Nuestra investigación se desarrolló en torno a los documentos de planificación del proyecto, sobre los cuales utilizamos el método de análisis del discurso propuesto por Michel Foucault, para quien el discurso es un importante instrumento constitutivo de los regímenes de verdad. Así, al analizar las fuentes seleccionadas, identificamos cómo los discursos excluyentes sobre la infancia pobre fueron la base de las políticas de atención infanto-juvenil marcadas por nociones elitistas sobre estas etapas de la vida.
Immune cell infiltration and the genes associated with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy: Identification and validation
Authors: Duan Yang , Ni Songjia , Zhao Kai , Qian Jing , Hu Xinyue
Published: September 2022

Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) is a common cause of spinal stenosis. The aim of the current study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LFH and the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of and immune responses to LFH. The gene expression omnibus (GEO) database was used to obtain the GSE113212 dataset, and the DEGs were derived from microarray data. To identify critical genes and signaling pathways, gene ontology enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses were performed, followed by immune cell infiltration and Friends analyses using the retrieved datasets. The results were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The 1530 DEGs identified comprised 971 upregulated and 559 downregulated genes. KEGG analysis revealed that DEGs were mostly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, while PPI network analysis identified tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, epidermal growth factor receptor, and leptin as important nodes, which was validated by qPCR and IHC in human LFH tissues in vitro. A significant positive correlation was found between key LFH immune-related DEGs and several immune cell types, including T and B cells. The findings of the present study might lead to novel therapeutic targets and clinical approaches, as they provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of LFH.
Skin microbiome considerations for long haul space flights
Authors: Caswell Gabrielle , Eshelby Ben
Published: September 2022

Dysbiosis of the human skin microbiome has long been associated with changes to the pH of the skin, dermal immune function and chronic skin conditions. Dermatological issues have been noted as the most prevalent medical presentation in the microgravity environment of space. The change in gravitational forces has been implicated in human immuno-suppression, also impacted by changes in the gastrointestinal-skin axis and its impact on Vitamin D metabolism, altered microbial gene expression in resident flora (leading changes in biofilm formation) and increased virulence factors in potential pathogens. There are also other stressors to the skin microbiome unique to space travel, including increased exposure to radiation, prolonged periods of dry washing technique, air quality and changes in microbe replication and growth parameters. Optimal microbiome health leads to enhanced skin barrier manufacture and maintenance, along with improved skin immune function and healing. In a microgravity environment expected to be experienced during long space flights, disruptions to the skin microbiome, coupled with increased virulence of pathological viruses and bacteria has implications for holistic skin health, astronaut cognitive function and mental health, and is coupled with slowed rates of wound healing. Scenario management for holistic skin health and restoration of microbiome homeostasis on long space flights require consideration.
Oral dysbiosis and systemic diseases
Authors: Georges F. M. , Do N. T. , Seleem D.
Published: September 2022

The aim of this mini review is to investigate the connection between oral microbiome dysbiosis and systemic diseases. Many systemic conditions can have oral manifestations and cause worsening in oral diseases. For example, uncontrolled type 2 diabetes has been associated with worsening of periodontal disease. Other inflammatory diseases or autoimmune diseases may predispose to oral mucositis, mucosal ulcers, xerostomia, and higher susceptibility to oral infections. This review will outline common systemic diseases such as metabolic, cardiovascular, and immunologic disorders as they relate to oral manifestations and changes in the oral microbiome composition.
Thermodynamic analysis of a novel integrated biomass pyrolysis-solid oxide fuel cells-combined heat and power system for co-generation of biochar and power
Authors: Kuo Po-Chih , Illathukandy Biju , Özdemir Faruk , Woudstra Theo , Aravind P. V.
Published: September 2022

Biochar derived from pyrolysis or gasification has been gaining significant attention in the recent years due to its potential wide applications for the development of negative emissions technologies. A new concept was developed for biochar and power co-generation system using a combination of biomass pyrolysis (BP) unit, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and a combined heat and power (CHP) system. A set of detailed experimental data of pyrolysis product yields was established in Aspen Plus to model the BP process. The impacts of various operating parameters including current density (j), fuel utilization factor (Uf), pyrolysis gas reforming temperature (Treformer), and biochar split ratio (Rbiochar) on the SOFC and overall system performances in terms of energy and exergy analyses were evaluated. The simulation results indicated that increasing the Uf, Treformer, and Rbiochar can favorably improve the performances of the BP-SOFC-CHP system. As a whole, the overall electrical, energy and exergy efficiencies of the BP-SOFC-CHP system were in the range of 8–14%, 76–78%, and 71–74%, respectively. From the viewpoint of energy balance, burning the reformed pyrolysis gas can supply enough energy demand for the process to achieve a stand-alone BP-SOFC-CHP plant. In case of a stand-alone system, the overall electrical, energy and exergy efficiencies were 5.4, 63.9 and 57.8%, respectively, with a biochar yield of 31.6%.
Process development and preclinical evaluation of a major Plasmodium falciparum blood stage vaccine candidate, Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (CyRPA)
Authors: Somanathan Anjali , Mian Syed Yusuf , Chaddha Kritika , Uchoi Seemalata , Bharti Praveen K. , Tandon Ravi , Gaur Deepak , Chauhan Virander Singh
Published: September 2022

Plasmodium falciparum Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (CyRPA) is an essential, highly conserved merozoite antigen that forms an important multi-protein complex (RH5/Ripr/CyRPA) necessary for erythrocyte invasion. CyRPA is a promising blood-stage vaccine target that has been shown to elicit potent strain-transcending parasite neutralizing antibodies. Recently, we demonstrated that naturally acquired immune anti-CyRPA antibodies are invasion-inhibitory and therefore a correlate of protection against malaria. Here, we describe a process for the large-scale production of tag-free CyRPA vaccine in E. coli and demonstrate its parasite neutralizing efficacy with commonly used adjuvants. CyRPA was purified from inclusion bodies using a one-step purification method with high purity (>90%). Biochemical and biophysical characterization showed that the purified tag-free CyRPA interacted with RH5, readily detected by a conformation-specific CyRPA monoclonal antibody and recognized by sera from malaria infected individuals thus indicating that the recombinant antigen was correctly folded and retained its native conformation. Tag-free CyRPA formulated with Freund’s adjuvant elicited highly potent parasite neutralizing antibodies achieving inhibition of >90% across diverse parasite strains. Importantly, we identified tag-free CyRPA/Alhydrogel formulation as most effective in inducing a highly immunogenic antibody response that exhibited efficacious, cross-strain in vitro parasite neutralization achieving ~80% at 10 mg/ml. Further, CyRPA/Alhydrogel vaccine induced anti-parasite cytokine response in mice. In summary, our study provides a simple, scalable, cost-effective process for the production of tag-free CyRPA that in combination with human-compatible adjuvant induces efficacious humoral and cell-mediated immune response.
Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal effects of food intakes on inflammatory bowel disease risk
Authors: Chen Bingxia , Han Zemin , Geng Lanlan
Published: September 2022

Traditional observational studies have indicated a link between specific food intakes and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the nature of such links remains unknown. We sought to assess the potential causal relationship between food intakes and IBD risk using Mendelian randomization methods. This study used summary statistics data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on food intakes, Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC). In the primary analysis, we used the inverse variance-weighted method to determine whether specific food was causal for CD and UC. In addition, we also ran four other Mendelian randomization methods, including MR Egger, weighted median, maximum likelihood, and weighted mode as a complement. The primary analysis showed that high consumption of poultry (OR, 3.696; 95% CI, 1.056–12.937; p = 0.041) and cereal (OR, 2.449; 95% CI, 1.094–5.482; p = 0.029) had a significant causal association with CD, while high oily fish intake level was found to be statistically significantly associated with the risk of UC (OR, 1.482; 95% CI, 1.002–2.194; p = 0.049). This MR study provides evidence of a potential causal link between certain food intake and CD and UC.
TNF and HNRNPL Related Immunoregulatory Long non-coding RNA (THRIL) and long intergenic noncoding RNA-p21 (lincRNA-p21) as potential useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis
Authors: Ngongang Natacha Njike , Mezajou Cybelle Fodieu , Kameni Charleine , Ngum Jubilate Afuoti , Simo Ulrich Stephane Fotso , Tatang Fabrice Junior , Ngate Nguengo Sarah , Chakam Nouthio Annick Prisca , Wandji Pajiep Michelle Alma , Toumeni Michelle Hako , Takou Madjoumo Epiphanie Sorelle , Tchinda Maxwell Fofou , Ngangue Roland Jethro Ekwala Misse , Dongmo Fabrice Fabien Dongho , Wade Abel , Akami Mazarin , Ngane Ngono Annie Rosalie , Tamgue Ousman
Published: September 2022

Early diagnosis is crucial in controlling tuberculosis globally and in developing countries with the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are promising tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers. Two lncRNA diagnostic markers, lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21, were studied as tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Center of Respiratory Diseases of LAQUINTINIE hospital and the National Veterinary Laboratory of Douala from December 2020 to August 2021. The ability of lncRNAs to distinguish between 19 healthy controls, 15 latent tuberculosis, and 21 active tuberculosis was estimated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Our analysis showed that lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 were significantly upregulated (P <0.05) in active and latent tuberculosis compared with healthy controls. LincRNA-p21 expression was significantly increased (P <0.05) in active tuberculosis compared with latent tuberculosis, whereas lncRNA THRIL was not significantly affected (P ≥0.05). Both lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 showed excellent performance in classifying latent tuberculosis and healthy controls (AUC = 92.86%). Furthermore, lncRNA THRIL was good at discriminating active tuberculosis from healthy controls (AUC = 89.79%), while lincRNA-p21 showed excellent discriminating performance (AUC = 100%). LncRNA THRIL was identified as a poor discriminator of latent tuberculosis from active tuberculosis (AUC = 64.28%), while lincRNA-p21 showed excellent diagnostic performance in this distinction (AUC = 92.86%). Our cross-sectional study suggests that lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 are promising tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers that can differentiate between latent and active infection.
The ethical responsibility to continue investigational treatments of research participants in situation of armed conflicts, economic sanctions or natural catastrophes
Authors: Kerpel-Fronius Sandor , Kurihara Chieko , Crawley Francis P. , Baroutsou Varvara , Becker Sander , Franke-Bray Brigitte , Matsuyama Kotone , Naseem Shehla , Schenk Johanna
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses the effects of armed conflict, economic sanctions, and natural catastrophes on ongoing clinical trials. We suggest that

• stopping the accrual of new patients in clinical trials under such extreme conditions is acceptable.

• research participants already receiving trial medication in such disruptive situations are to be considered highly vulnerable due to their medical dependency for ongoing treatment according to the approved clinical study protocol.

• based on the present experience in Ukraine and Russia, we conclude that finishing ongoing trial treatments according to approved or amended protocols should be considered to be an ethical obligation of trial sponsors irrespective whether trial disruption is due to war, economic sanctions, or natural catastrophes.

• it is important to devote more attention to the ethical challenges raised by such fundamentally disruptive situations to clinical trials generally in any region of the world.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells on the immune response after mRNA-based Comirnaty vaccine in seronegative health care workers
Authors: Vallejo Alejandro , Vizcarra Pilar , Martín-Hondarza Adrián , Gómez-Maldonado Sandra , Haemmerle Johannes , Velasco Héctor , Casado José L.
Published: September 2022

Purpose

To analyze the impact of SARS-COV-2-specific memory B cells (MBC) on the immune response after two doses of mRNA-based Comirnaty COVID-19 vaccine in seronegative health care workers. This study is seeking a rationale for boosting vaccines.

Methods

Longitudinal study including 31 seronegative health care workers with undetectable specific MBCs (IgG−MBC− group), 24 seronegative with detectable specific MBCs (IgG−MBC+ group), and 24 seropositive with detectable specific MBCs (IgG+MBC+ group). The level of antibodies that inhibit ACE2-RBD interaction, and anti-Spike IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies was quantified by ELISA. In addition, specific memory B and T cells were quantified by flow cytometry.

Results

The level of specific MBCs, and isotypes, in the IgG−MBC− group was lower compared to that found in IgG−MBC+ (p = 0.0001) and IgG+MBC+ (p < 0.0001) groups, respectively. ACE2-RBD neutralizing antibodies and anti-S IgG antibodies were at lower levels in the IgG−MBC−group after the vaccine. Specific MBCs directly correlated with specific CD4+ T cells (although not significant, p = 0.065), while no correlation was found with specific CD8+ T cells (p = 0.156) after the vaccine. In parallel, ACE2-RBD neutralizing antibodies only positively correlated with specific CD4+ T cells (p = 0.034).

Conclusion

IgG−MBC− individuals showed the worst humoral and cellular responses, both in frequency and magnitude, after vaccination. Individuals whose antibodies wane and become undetectable after a given period of time post vaccination and show no specific MBCs are less protected and hence are good candidates for boosting vaccine. On the other hand, seronegative individuals with specific MBC showed faster and higher responses compared to the IgG−MBC− group.
A comprehensive map of microbial biomarkers along the gastrointestinal tract for celiac disease patients
Authors: Arcila-Galvis Juliana Estefanía , Loria-Kohen Viviana , Ramírez de Molina Ana , Carrillo de Santa Pau Enrique , Marcos-Zambrano Laura Judith
Published: September 2022

Dysbiosis of the microbiome has been related to Celiac disease (CeD) progress, an autoimmune disease characterized by gluten intolerance developed in genetically susceptible individuals under certain environmental factors. The microbiome contributes to CeD pathophysiology, modulating the immune response by the action of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), affecting gut barrier integrity allowing the entrance of gluten-derived proteins, and degrading immunogenic peptides of gluten through endoprolyl peptidase enzymes. Despite the evidence suggesting the implication of gut microbiome over CeD pathogenesis, there is no consensus about the specific microbial changes observed in this pathology. Here, we compiled the largest dataset of 16S prokaryotic ribosomal RNA gene high-throughput sequencing for consensus profiling. We present for the first time an integrative analysis of metataxonomic data from patients with CeD, including samples from different body sites (saliva, pharynx, duodenum, and stool). We found the presence of coordinated changes through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characterized by an increase in Actinobacteria species in the upper GIT (pharynx and duodenum) and an increase in Proteobacteria in the lower GIT (duodenum and stool), as well as site-specific changes evidencing a dysbiosis in patients with CeD’ microbiota. Moreover, we described the effect of adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) evidenced by an increase in beneficial bacteria and a decrease in some Betaproteobacteriales but not fully restoring CeD-related dysbiosis. Finally, we built a Random Forest model to classify patients based on the lower GIT composition achieving good performance.
DORIS: A diffusion MRI-based 10 tissue class deep learning segmentation algorithm tailored to improve anatomically-constrained tractography
Authors: Theaud Guillaume , Edde Manon , Dumont Matthieu , Zotti Clément , Zucchelli Mauro , Deslauriers-Gauthier Samuel , Deriche Rachid , Jodoin Pierre-Marc , Descoteaux Maxime
Published: September 2022

Modern tractography algorithms such as anatomically-constrained tractography (ACT) are based on segmentation maps of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These maps are generally estimated from a T1-weighted (T1w) image and then registered in diffusion weighted images (DWI) space. Registration of T1w to diffusion space and partial volume estimation are challenging and rarely voxel-perfect. Diffusion-based segmentation would, thus, potentially allow not to have higher quality anatomical priors injected in the tractography process. On the other hand, even if FA-based tractography is possible without T1 registration, the literature shows that this technique suffers from multiple issues such as holes in the tracking mask and a high proportion of generated broken and anatomically implausible streamlines. Therefore, there is an important need for a tissue segmentation algorithm that works directly in the native diffusion space. We propose DORIS, a DWI-based deep learning segmentation algorithm. DORIS outputs 10 different tissue classes including WM, GM, CSF, ventricles, and 6 other subcortical structures (putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, caudate, amygdala, and thalamus). DORIS was trained and validated on a wide range of subjects, including 1,000 individuals from 22 to 90 years old from clinical and research DWI acquisitions, from 5 public databases. In the absence of a “true” ground truth in diffusion space, DORIS used a silver standard strategy from Freesurfer output registered onto the DWI. This strategy is extensively evaluated and discussed in the current study. Segmentation maps provided by DORIS are quantitatively compared to Freesurfer and FSL-fast and the impacts on tractography are evaluated. Overall, we show that DORIS is fast, accurate, and reproducible and that DORIS-based tractograms produce bundles with a longer mean length and fewer anatomically implausible streamlines.
Risk of infection in roxadustat treatment for anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Chong Shan , Xie Qiufen , Ma Tiantian , Xiang Qian , Zhou Ying , Cui Yimin
Published: September 2022

Background: Many studies demonstrated that roxadustat (FG-4592) could increase hemoglobin (Hb) levels effectively in anemia patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its safety remains controversial. This study aims to explore the risk of infection for CKD patients treated with roxadustat, especially focused on sepsis.

Methods: We thoroughly searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing treatment with roxadustat versus erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) or placebo in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, European Union Clinical Trials Register. Both on and not on dialysis anemia patients with CKD were included. Primary outcomes contained the incidence rates of sepsis. Secondary outcomes included infection-related consequences (septic shock and other infection events), general safety outcomes [all-cause mortality, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and treatment-emergent serious adverse events (TESAEs)] and iron parameters. Moreover, a trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to assess if the results were supposed to be a robust conclusion.

Results: Eighteen RCTs (n = 11,305) were included. Overall, the incidence of sepsis (RR: 2.42, 95% CI [1.50, 3.89], p = 0.0003) and cellulitis (RR: 2.07, 95% CI [1.24, 3.44], p = 0.005) were increased in the roxadustat group compared with placebo group. In non-dialysis-dependent (NDD) CKD patients, the incidence of cellulitis (RR 2.01, 95% CI [1.23, 3.28], p = 0.005) was significantly higher in roxadustat group than that in the ESAs or placebo group. Both groups showed similar results in the incidence of septic shock (RR 1.29, 95% CI [0.86, 1.94], p = 0.22). A significant increased risk of all-cause mortality [risk ratios (RR): 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.05, 1.26], p = 0.002] was found in roxadustat treatment, and TSA confirmed the result. Compared with ESAs or placebo, both the incident rates of TEAEs (RR:1.03, 95% CI [1.01, 1.04], p = 0.008) and TESAEs (RR: 1.06, 95% CI [1.02, 1.11], p = 0.002) were significantly increased in roxadustat group. As for iron parameters, changes from baseline (Δ) of hepcidin (MD: -26.46, 95% CI [-39.83, -13.09], p = 0.0001), Δ ferritin and Δ TSAT were remarkably lower in the roxadustat group, while Δ Hb, Δ iron and Δ TIBC increased significantly versus those in ESAs or placebo group.

Conclusion: We found evidence that incidence rates of sepsis and cellulitis are higher in roxadustat group compared with placebo. This may be the result of improved iron homeostasis. The risk of all-cause mortality, TEAEs and TESAEs in CKD patients also increased in patients treated with roxadustat. We need more clinical and mechanistic studies to confirm whether roxadustat really causes infection.
TRPC6 mediates high glucose-induced mitochondrial fission through activation of CDK5 in cultured human podocytes
Authors: Yu Haomiao , Chen Yili , Ma Huimin , Wang Zihan , Zhang Rui , Jiao Jundong
Published: September 2022

Mitochondrial abnormalities contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the precise mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in DN remain unclear. Transient receptor potential canonical channel-6 (TRPC6), a non-selective cation channel permeable to Ca2+, has been shown to regulate mitochondrial dynamics. This study was therefore aimed to explore the regulatory role and mechanisms of TRPC6 in high glucose (HG)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in podocytes. Here we found that TRPC6 expression and TRPC6-induced Ca2+ influx were increased in HG-treated podocytes. Furthermore, the TRPC6 inhibitor and TRPC6 siRNA ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in HG-treated podocytes. BAPTA-AM, an intracellular calcium chelating agent, attenuated mitochondrial fission under HG conditions as well. Then, we found the activity of calpain and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) was markedly enhanced in HG-treated podocytes, which can be blocked by pretreatment with the TRPC6 inhibitor. Calpain-1 inhibition by calpeptin or by calpain-1 siRNA transfection not only attenuated HG-induced mitochondrial fission but also reduced the activity of CDK5. Additionally, the CDK5 inhibitor and its siRNA decreased mitochondrial fragmentation in HG-treated podocytes. Collectively, we revealed the essential role of TRPC6 in regulating HG-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis through the calpain-1/CDK5 pathway in human podocytes, which may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of DN.
Improving the effects of drought priming against post-anthesis drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using nitrogen
Authors: Ullah Attiq , Tian Zhongwei , Xu Libing , Abid Muhammad , Lei Kangqi , Khanzada Anab , Zeeshan Muhammad , Sun Chuanjiao , Yu Jinhong , Dai Tingbo
Published: September 2022

Water and nitrogen (N) deficiencies are the major limitations to crop production, particularly when they occur simultaneously. By supporting metabolism, even when tissue water capacity is lower, nitrogen and priming may reduce drought pressure on plants. Therefore, the current study investigates the impact of nitrogen and priming on wheat to minimize post-anthesis drought stress. Plant morphology, physiology, and biochemical changes were observed before, during, and after stress at the post-anthesis stage. The plants were exposed to three water levels, i.e., well watering (WW), water deficit (WD), and priming at jointing and water deficit (PJWD) at the post-anthesis stage, and two different nitrogen levels, i.e., N180 (N1) and N300 (N2). Nitrogen was applied in three splits, namely, sowing, jointing, and booting stages. The results showed that the photosynthesis of plants with N1 was significantly reduced under drought stress. Moreover, drought stress affected chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence and water-related parameters (osmotic potential, leaf water potential, and relative water content), grain filling duration (GFD), and grain yield. In contrast, PJWD couple with high nitrogen treatment (N300 kg ha–1) induced the antioxidant activity of peroxidase (37.5%), superoxide dismutase (29.64%), and catalase (65.66%) in flag leaves, whereas the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion radical (O2–) declined by 58.56 and 66.64%, respectively. However, during the drought period, the primed plants under high nitrogen treatment (N300 kg ha–1) maintained higher Chl content, leaf water potential, and lowered lipid peroxidation (61%) (related to higher activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). Plants under high nitrogen treatment (N300 kg ha–1) showed deferred senescence, improved GFD, and grain yield. Consequently, the research showed that high nitrogen dose (N300 kg ha–1) played a synergistic role in enhancing the drought tolerance effects of priming under post-anthesis drought stress in wheat.
Subjective wellbeing and psychological symptoms of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of a structured telephone interview in a large sample of university students
Authors: Baetens Imke , Vanderfaeillie Johan , Soyez Veerle , Vantilborgh Tim , Van Den Meersschaut Joyce , Schotte Chris , Theuns Peter
Published: September 2022

University students are at elevated risk for psychological distress, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to warmly contact our students and investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the subjective wellbeing (SWB) and levels of psychological symptoms (such as depressive and anxious feelings) of university students in Belgium. All bachelor and master students of the Vrije Universiteit Brussels (N = 15,475) were invited for a brief structured telephone interview in March, 2021. In total, 7,154 students were assessed by a structured interview, based on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Anamnestic Comparative Self-Assessment (ACSA). Compared to a representative sample, students considered their life during the pandemic as less satisfying compared to their life before the pandemic. Overall, all students have suffered from COVID-19 and the measures taken to contain the pandemic. Twenty percent of our sample of 7,154 VUB students scored above the K6 cutoff, indicating a heightened risk for having a diagnosable mental illness severe enough to cause functional limitations and to require treatment. This study highlights the need for psychological support for all students, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The time is ripe for robopsychology
Authors: Krägeloh Christian U. , Bharatharaj Jaishankar , Albo-Canals Jordi , Hannon Daniel , Heerink Marcel
Published: September 2022

As robotic applications become increasingly diverse, more domains of human lives are being involved, now also extending to educational, therapeutic, and social situations, with a trend to even more complex interactions. This diversity generates new research questions that need to be met with an adequate infrastructure of psychological methods and theory. In this review, we illustrate the current lack of a sub-discipline in psychology to systematically study the psychological corollaries of living in societies where the application of robotic and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is becoming increasingly common. We thus propose that organized efforts be made toward recognition of robopsychology as a sub-discipline so that the field of psychology moves away from isolated publications of robot- and AI-related topics to a body of knowledge that is able to meet the demands for change, as the world is preparing for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. We propose a definition of robopsychology that not only covers the study of the effects of robots on human behavior, but also of robots and AI themselves, as well as acknowledging how this sub-discipline may eventually be fundamentally changed through robots and AI. In this sense, our definition mirrors an already existing definition of the field of robophilosophy.