bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL GAIT VARIABLES IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND SWEDD
Authors: KWON DO-YOUNG , CHOI YOON-HYEOK , KWON YU-RI , EOM GWANG-MOON , KO JUNGHYUK , PARK MOON-HO , KIM JI-WON
Published: November 2018

Scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) refers to patients with a normal dopamine transporter scan among patients clinically diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is essential to differentiate SWEDD from PD in order to avoid costly and inappropriate treatments. We investigated differences of gait pattern in PD patients and SWEDD patients. Twelve patients with SWEDD and 8 patients with PD participated in the gait test. All participants were instructed to walk along the GaitRite linear walkway at comfortable velocity. As outcome measure, various spatio-temporal gait variables were derived from commercial GaitRite software. Independent sample [Formula: see text]-tests were evaluated to investigate statistical differences between SWEDD patients and PD patients. SWEDD patients walked more quickly with longer step length compared to PD patients ([Formula: see text]). PD patients exhibited a longer stance phase with increased double-limb support period than SWEDD patients ([Formula: see text]). Step time difference of SWEDD patients was smaller than that of PD patients ([Formula: see text]). These findings suggest quantitative gait variables could be helpful for the identification of potential SWEDD patients. Also, understanding of gait strategies of SWEDD patients might be contributed to their effective medications and treatments.
Dynamical analysis of anisotropic cosmological model with quadratic dark sector coupling
Authors: Raushan Rakesh , Chaubey R.
Published: November 2018

The present work deals with the dynamical evolution of LRS Bianchi type I (LRS BI) cosmological model with quadratic dark sector coupling. We investigate the phase-plane analysis of LRS BI model with dark energy, when dark energy is modeled as exponential quintessence, and is coupled to dark matter via energy exchange. The evolution of cosmological solutions are studied by using dynamical systems method. Stability and viability of the models are discussed for four different choices of quadratic dark sector coupling parameters. In each model, we have obtained a late-time accelerating fixed point (future attractor), which is not a scaling solution.
Effects of Fear and Additional Food in a Delayed Predator–Prey Model
Authors: Mondal Sudeshna , Maiti Alakes , Samanta G. P.
Published: November 2018

A field observation on a terrestrial vertebrate has shown that the fear of predators can affect the behavior of prey populations and it can greatly reduce their reproduction. On the other hand, it has been observed that providing additional food to the predator decreases the predatory attack rate and increases the growth rate of the predator. In this paper, we have investigated the dynamical behavior of a predator–prey model incorporating both the effects of fear and additional food. Positivity, uniform boundedness and extinction criteria of the system are studied. Equilibrium points and their stability behaviors are also discussed here. Existence of a Hopf-bifurcation is established by considering the level of fear as bifurcation parameter. The effect of time-delay is discussed, where the delay may be considered as gestation time of the predator. Numerical simulations are performed using MATLAB to verify our analytical findings.
Refactoring Multi-Level Models
Authors: Lara Juan De , Guerra Esther
Published: November 2018

Multi-level modelling promotes flexibility in modelling by enabling the use of several meta-levels instead of just two, as is the case in mainstream two-level modelling approaches. While this approach leads to simpler models for some scenarios, it introduces an additional degree of freedom as designers can decide the meta-level where an element should reside, having to ascertain the suitability of such decisions.

In this respect, model refactorings have been successfully applied in the context of two-level modelling to rearrange the elements of a model while preserving its meaning. Following this idea, we propose a catalogue of 17 novel refactorings specific to multi-level models. Their objective is to help designers in rearranging elements across and within meta-levels and exploring the consequences. In this article, we detail each refactoring in the catalogue, show a classification across different dimensions, and describe the support we provide in our M
eta
D
epth
tool. We present two experiments to assess two aspects of our refactorings. The first one validates the predicted semantic side effects of the refactorings on the basis of more than 210.000 refactoring applications. The second one measures the impact of refactorings on three quality attributes of multi-level models.
Analytical Model of Wave Loads and Motion Responses for a Floating Breakwater System with Attached Dual Porous Side Walls
Authors: Qiao Weiliang , Wang Keh-Han , Duan Wenqi , Sun Yuqing
Published: November 2018

A set of two-dimensional analytical solutions considering the effects of diffraction and radiation are presented in this study to investigate the hydrodynamic interaction between an incident linear wave and a proposed floating breakwater system consisting of a rectangular-shaped body and two attached vertical side porous walls in an infinite fluid domain with finite water depth. The Matched Eigenfunction Expansion Method (MEEM) for multiple fluid domains is applied to derive theoretically the velocity potentials and associated unknown coefficients for wave diffraction and body motion induced radiation in each subdomain. Also, the exciting forces, as well as the added mass and damping coefficients for the floating breakwater system under the surge, heave, and pitching motions, are formulated. The displacements of breakwater motions are determined by solving the equation of motion. As a verification of the analytical model, the present solutions of the limiting cases in terms of exciting forces, moments, added masses, and damping coefficients are found to be well matched with other published numerical results. Additionally, the hydrodynamic performances and the dynamic responses in terms of Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) of the proposed floating breakwater system are evaluated versus various dimensionless variables, such as wavelength and porous-effect parameter. The results show that the attached porous walls with selected porous properties are observed to have the advantages of reducing wave impacts on the floating breakwater system and at the same time its dynamic responses are also noticeably improved.
Healthcare Operation Improvement Based on Simulation of Cooperative Resource Preservation Nets for None‐Consumable Resources
Authors: Oueida Soraia , Kotb Yehia , Kadry Seifedine , Ionescu Sorin
Published: November 2018

Healthcare systems are growing very fast, especially emergency departments (EDs) which constitute the major bottleneck of these complex concurrent systems. Emergency departments, where patients arrive without any prior notice, are considered real‐time complex dynamic systems. Enhancing these systems requires tailored modeling techniques and a process optimization approach. A new mathematical approach is proposed in order to help multiple emergency units cooperate and share none‐consumable resources to achieve the required flow. To achieve the cooperation, the process is modeled by a new subclass of Petri nets. The new Petri net model was proposed in a previous work and is used in this study in order to tackle the problem of modeling and managing these emergency units. The proposed Petri net is named Resource Preservation Net (RPN). Few theorems and lemmas are proposed to support the proposed Petri net model and to prove the correctness of cooperation and resource sharing. In this contribution, a model of cooperative healthcare units is proposed to achieve sound resource sharing and collaboration. The objective function of the proposed model is to improve the key performance indicators: patients length of stay (LoS), resource utilization rates, and patients waiting time. The cooperation among multiple EDs is then proposed through the study of merging two or more units. The cooperative and noncooperative behavior are also studied through theorems of soundness, separability and serializability, and a proof of scalability.
Prediction of Blood Lipid Phenotypes Using Obesity-Related Genetic Polymorphisms and Lifestyle Data in Subjects with Excessive Body Weight
Authors: Ramos-Lopez Omar , Riezu-Boj Jose I. , Milagro Fermin I. , Cuervo Marta , Goni Leticia , Martinez J. A.
Published: November 2018

Background and Aim. Individual lipid phenotypes including circulating total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and triglycerides (TG) determinations are influenced by gene-environment interactions. The aim of this study was to predict blood lipid level (TC, LDL-c, HDL-c, and TG) variability using genetic and lifestyle data in subjects with excessive body weight-for-height.Methods. This cross-sectional study enrolled 304 unrelated overweight/obese adults of self-reported European ancestry. A total of 95 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to obesity and weight loss were analyzed by a targeted next-generation sequencing system. Relevant genotypes of each SNP were coded as 0 (nonrisk) and 1 (risk). Four genetic risk scores (GRS) for each lipid phenotype were calculated by adding the risk genotypes. Information concerning lifestyle (diet, physical activity, alcohol drinking, and smoking) was obtained using validated questionnaires. Total body fat (TFAT) and visceral fat (VFAT) were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results. Overall, 45 obesity-related genetic variants were associated with some of the studied blood lipids. In addition to conventional factors (age, sex, dietary intakes, and alcohol consumption), the calculated GRS significantly contributed to explain their corresponding plasma lipid trait. Thus, HDL-c, TG, TC, and LDL-c serum concentrations were predicted by approximately 28% (optimism-corrected adj.R2=0.28), 25% (optimism-corrected adj.R2=0.25), 24% (optimism-corrected adj.R2=0.24), and 21% (optimism-corrected adj.R2=0.21), respectively. Interestingly, GRS were the greatest contributors to TC (squared partial correlation (PC2) = 0.18) and LDL-c (PC2 = 0.18) features. Likewise, VFAT and GRS had a higher impact on HDL-c (PC2 = 0.09 and PC2 = 0.06, respectively) and TG levels (PC2 = 0.20 and PC2 = 0.07, respectively) than the rest of variables.Conclusions. Besides known lifestyle influences, some obesity-related genetic variants could help to predict blood lipid phenotypes.
Development of a Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening Assay to Identify Porcine Host Defense Peptide-Inducing Compounds
Authors: Deng Zhuo , Wang Jing , Lyu Wentao , Wieneke Xuwen , Matts Robert , Ma Xi , Zhang Guolong
Published: November 2018

Novel alternatives to antibiotics are needed for the swine industry, given increasing restrictions on subtherapeutic use of antibiotics. Augmenting the synthesis of endogenous host defense peptides (HDPs) has emerged as a promising antibiotic-alternative approach to disease control and prevention. To facilitate the identification of HDP inducers for swine use, we developed a stable luciferase reporter cell line, IPEC-J2/PBD3-luc, through permanent integration of a luciferase reporter gene driven by a 1.1 kb porcine β-defensin 3 (PBD3) gene promoter in porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells. Such a stable reporter cell line was employed in a high-throughput screening of 148 epigenetic compounds and 584 natural products, resulting in the identification of 41 unique hits with a minimum strictly standardized mean difference (SSMD) value of 3.0. Among them, 13 compounds were further confirmed to give at least a 5-fold increase in the luciferase activity in the stable reporter cell line, with 12 being histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Eight compounds were subsequently observed to be comparable to sodium butyrate in inducing PBD3 mRNA expression in parental IPEC-J2 cells in the low micromolar range. Six HDAC inhibitors including suberoylanilide hydroxamine (SAHA), HC toxin, apicidin, panobinostat, SB939, and LAQ824 were additionally found to be highly effective HDP inducers in a porcine 3D4/31 macrophage cell line. Besides PBD3, other HDP genes such as PBD2 and cathelicidins (PG1–5) were concentration-dependently induced by those compounds in both IPEC-J2 and 3D4/31 cells. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of 3D4/31 cells were augmented following 24 h exposure to HDAC inhibitors. In conclusion, a cell-based high-throughput screening assay was developed for the discovery of porcine HDP inducers, and newly identified HDP-inducing compounds may have potential to be developed as alternatives to antibiotics for applications in swine and possibly other animal species.
Antidepressant-Like and Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol Extract from the Root Bark of Hibiscus syriacus L.
Authors: Kim Young Hwa , Im A-Rang , Park Bo-Kyung , Paek Seung Ho , Choi Goya , Kim Yu Ri , Whang Wan Kyunn , Lee Kang Hee , Oh Seung-Eun , Lee Mi Young
Published: November 2018

Hibiscus syriacus L. (Malvaceae) is an important ornamental shrub in horticulture and has been widely used as a medical material in Asia. The aim of this study was to assess the antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of a root bark extract of H. syriacus (HSR) and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an animal model of restraint stress, we investigated the effects of HSR on depressive-like behaviors and on the expression levels of serotonin, corticosterone, and neurotrophic factors in the brain. The mice were exposed to restraint stress for 2 h per day over a period of 3 weeks and orally treated with HSR (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day). We also examined the neuroprotective effect of HSR using corticosterone-treated human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The cells were incubated with the extract for 24 h, followed by corticosterone stimulation for 1 h, and then cell viability assay, cellular ATP assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, and western blotting were used to investigate the neuroprotective effects of HSR. Administration of HSR not only reduced the immobility times of the restraint-stressed mice in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests, but also significantly increased sucrose preference in the sucrose preference test. In addition, HSR significantly reduced the plasma levels of corticosterone and increased the brain levels of serotonin. The extract also increased the phosphorylation level of cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) protein and the expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The in vitro assays showed that HSR pretreatment increased cell viability and ATP levels, recovered MMP, decreased ROS levels, and increased the expression of CREB and BDNF in corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together, our data suggest that HSR may have the potential to control neuronal cell damage and depressive behaviors caused by chronic stress.
Ein onkologisch-naturheilkundliches Mind Body Medicine-Programm im Rahmen einer Tagesklinik: Konzept und Fallvorstellung
Authors: Paul Anna , Cramer Holger , Lauche Romy , Altner Nils , Langhorst Jost , Dobos Gustav J.
Published: November 2018

Einleitung: Die Diagnose und Behandlung von Krebserkrankungen gehen häufig mit körperlichen und psychosozialen Beeinträchtigungen einher. Viele Krebspatienten wünschen Komplementärmedizin wie z.B. die Mind Body Medicine. Konzept: Die Klinik für Naturheilkunde und Integrative Medizin an den Kliniken Essen-Mitte bietet Mind Body Medicine, basierend auf dem «Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program» (Stressreduktion durch Achtsamkeit) und dem Mind-Body-Krebsmedizinprogramm des Harvard Mind-Body Medical Institute, im Rahmen einer Tagesklinik für Krebspatienten an. Das Programm umfasst Achtsamkeitstraining, Yoga, achtsame Körperübungen, Ernährung, naturheilkundliche Selbsthilfestrategien und kognitive Umstrukturierungen. Fälle: Zwei Patientinnen, die an dem Tagesklinikprogramm teilgenommen haben, werden vorgestellt. Eine Patientin litt an Angst und Depressivität nach einer kürzlich diagnostizierten Brustkrebserkrankung, die andere an psychischen Beeinträchtigungen infolge mehrfacher Exzisionen von Nävi nach chirurgischer Entfernung eines malignen Melanoms. Bei beiden Patientinnen war Besserung im Hinblick auf Angst und weitere psychische Symptome festzustellen. Schlussfolgerung: Das onkologisch-naturheilkundliche Mind Body Medicine-Programm an den Klinischen Essen-Mitte scheint psychische Folgen von Krebs und seiner Behandlung zu lindern. Weitere Untersuchungen und randomisierte kontrollierte Studien sind notwendig, um diese Ergebnisse zu bestätigen. Übersetzung aus Integrative Cancer Therapies 2013;12:503-507
Disulphide Bridges in Surfactant Protein B Analogues Affect Their Activity in Synthetic Surfactant Preparations
Authors: Basabe-Burgos Oihana , Johansson Jan , Curstedt Tore
Published: November 2018

Background: Limited supply and complicated manufacturing procedure of animal-derived surfactants make the development of synthetic surfactants warranted. The synthesis of surfactant protein (SP)-B and SP-C is complicated and several analogues have been developed. Mini-BLeu is an analogue that corresponds to the first and last helix of SP-B joined by a loop and linked by 2 disulphide bridges. SP-C33Leu is an SP-C analogue that can be cost-efficiently produced, but no such analogue has yet been described for SP-B. Objective: To design short SP-B analogues which lack disulphide bridges, are easy to produce and are efficacious in a preterm rabbit fetus model of neonatal RDS. Methods: Synthetic surfactants were prepared by adding 2 or 8% (w/w) of synthetic variants of Mini-B27, similar to Mini-BLeu but with a short loop, or different peptides covering helix 1 of SP-B to 2% (w/w) of SP-C33Leu in 80 mg/mL of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/egg yolk phosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol, 50: 40: 10 (by weight). Premature newborn rabbit fetuses were treated with 200 mg/kg of the surfactant preparations and ventilated with defined pressures for 30 min without positive end-expiratory pressure. Tidal volumes were registered during the experiments and lung gas volumes were measured at the end of the ventilation period. Results: Synthetic surfactant containing the Mini-B27 analogue with 2 disulphides gives similar lung gas volumes as treatment with an animal-derived surfactant preparation, but all other SP-B analogues gave lower lung gas volumes. All synthetic surfactants studied gave no significant differences in compliances except the surfactant containing the Mini-B27 analogue without cysteines that performed somewhat better at 30 min. Conclusion: The helix-loop-helix SP-B analogues tested in this study require the presence of 2 disulphide bridges for optimal activity in a rabbit RDS model.
Early Initiation of Hemodialysis for Progressive Lactic Acidosis in a Diabetic Patient
Authors: Nyunoya Keisuke , Hayase Naoki , Doi Kent , Asada Toshifumi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Kitsuta Yoichi , Morimura Naoto
Published: November 2018

Metformin, a widely used medicine for diabetes mellitus, is well known to cause lactic acidosis, which may require intensive care, including hemodialysis, especially in severe cases because of the high mortality rate. Because metformin is effectively removed by renal replacement therapy, early initiation of hemodialysis is crucial for metformin overdose. We report a case of a 38-year-old male who was brought to our emergency department (ED) with altered mental status. He subsequently developed severe lactic acidosis with a peak lactate level of 33.4 mmol/L. No clear etiology was identified for these critical conditions at the ED. Although metformin intoxication could not be confirmed at this time, we decided to start hemodialysis immediately. Soon after hemodialysis, blood pH and lactate levels dramatically improved. The patient fully recovered after 9 days of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Later on, his serum metformin concentration was revealed to be 146 μg/mL and 26 μg/mL at ICU admission and after dialysis at day 3, respectively (therapeutic range, 1–2 μg/mL). Early initiation of hemodialysis might be beneficial for diabetic patients with unexplained severe lactic acidosis despite uncertainties in history of overdose or serum concentration of metformin.
Circular RNA Hsa_Circ_0091579 Serves as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Chenxing , Zhang Chenyue , Lin Jiamao , Wang Haiyong
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: An increasing number of studies have suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have vital roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poorly characterized. Methods: We investigated the levels of circRNAs in patients with HCC to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. We examined circRNA expression profiles in liver tumors and paired non-cancerous liver tissues from three HCC patients with cancer thrombus using a circRNA microarray. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to find circRNAs with significantly altered expression levels between tumors and their paired non-tumor tissues. We confirmed our initial findings by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also applied to identify a candidate circRNA with the optimal specificity and sensitivity. Finally, X-tile software was adopted to calculate the most efficient cut-off value for hsa_circ_0091579 expression. Results: Microarray analysis identified 20 unique circRNAs that were differentially expressed between tumor and non-tumor tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of these 20 circRNAs was verified by qRT-PCR. The expression of hsa_circ_16245-1 and hsa_circ_0091579 mRNA was consistent with their levels as tested by the microarray. The ROC curves showed that both hsa_circ_16245-1 and hsa_circ_0091579 had favorable specificity and sensitivity. We further confirmed that hsa_circ_0091579 was significantly upregulated in HCC and its high expression was intimately associated with a worse overall survival in patients with HCC. Conclusion: Hsa_circ_0091579 may play a critical role in HCC progression and serve as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of patients with HCC.
Vitamin K Supplementation Modulates Bone Metabolism and Ultra-Structure of Ovariectomized Mice
Authors: Rangel Letícia Batista Azevedo , de Siqueira Daniel , Soares Olívia do Rosário , Santana Higor Scardini , Miguel Emílio de Castro , da Cunha Maura , Oliveira Andre Lacerda de Abreu , Pedrosa Diego França , Resgala Ludmilla Carvalho Rangel , Neto Helder Azevedo Rangel , Gomes-Rochette Neuza Felix , Eis Sérgio Ragi , Graceli Jones Bernardes , Silva Ian Victor 
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disease that affects mostly post-menopausal women. There has been shown that vitamin K (VK) supplementation during menopause may decrease bone loss as well as risk of bone breaking. Aiming to clarify the beneficial role of VK in bone metabolism during menopause, we investigated mineral metabolism and bone ultrastructure of ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Methods: To determine the effects chronic use of VK in bone structure and mineral metabolism in OVX mice, we used several methods, such as DXA, µCTScan, and SEM as well as biomolecular techniques, such as ELISA and qRT-PCR. In addition, complete analysis of serum hormonal and other molecules associated to bone and lipid metabolism were evaluated overview the effects of VK in menopause murine model. Results: VK treatment significantly affects Pi metabolism independently of OVX, changing Pi plasma, urinary output, balance, and Pi bone mass. Interestingly, VK also increased VLDL in mice independently of castration. In addition, VK increased compact bone mass in OVX mice when we evaluated it by DXA, histomorphometry, µCTScanning. VK increased bone formation markers, osteocalcin, HYP- osteocalcin, and AP whereas it decreased bone resorption markers, such as urinary DPD/creatinine ratio and plasmatic TRAP. Surprisingly, SEM images revealed that VK treatment led to amelioration of microfractures observed in OVX untreated controls. In addition, SHAM operated VK treated mice exhibited higher number of migrating osteoblasts and in situ secretion of AP. OVX led to decreased to in situ secretion of AP that was restored by VK treatment. Moreover, VK treatment increased mRNA expression of bone Calbindin 28KDa independently of OVX. Conclusion: VK treatment in OVX mice exhibited beneficial effects on bone ultrastructure, mostly by altering osteoblastic function and secretion of organic bone matrix. Therefore, VK could be useful to treat osteopenic/osteoporotic patients.
Association of the CHA2DS2VASc Score with Acute Stent Thrombosis in Patients with an ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Underwent a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Tanık Veysel Ozan , Aruğaslan Emre , Çinar Tufan , Keskin Muhammed , Kaya Adnan , Tekkeşin Ahmet Ilker
Published: November 2018

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the predictive value of the CHA2DS2VASc score for acute stent thrombosis in patients with an ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted among 3,460 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent a pPCI. The stent thrombosis was considered a definite or confirmed event in the presence of symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome and angiographic confirmation of stent thrombosis based on the diagnostic guidelines of the Academic Research Consortium. The stent thrombosis was classified as acute if it developed within 24 h. Results: The mean CHA2DS2VASc score was 3.29 ± 1.73 in the stent thrombosis group, whereas it was 2.06 ± 1.14 in the control group (p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, CHA2DS2VASc scores ≥ 4 were independently associat ed with acute stent thrombosis (OR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.54–1.71, p < 0.001). In a receiver operating characteristic curve ana­lysis, the best cut-off value for the CHA2DS2VASc score was ≥4, with 60% sensitivity and 73% specificity. Of note, pa tients with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 4 had a 4.3 times higher risk of acute stent thrombosis compared to those with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1. Conclusions: The CHA2DS2VASc score may be a significant independent predictor of acute stent thrombosis in patients with STEMI treated with a pPCI. Therefore, the CHA2DS2VASc score may be used to assess the risk of acute stent thrombosis in patients with STEMI following a pPCI.
New species of Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) from Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Leandro Silva , Vieira Angelina Pimentel , Couri Márcia Souto
Published: November 2018

Pseudoptilolepis Snyder, 1949 (Diptera: Muscidae) is a Neotropical genus with 10 known species. The present paper describes a new species from Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI). Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated.
New records of Pegantha spp. (Hydrozoa: Narcomedusae) off Northern Brazil
Authors: Tosetto Everton Giachini , Neumann-Leitão Sigrid , Nogueira Júnior Miodeli
Published: November 2018

Specimens of Pegantha laevis H.B. Bigelow, 1909 and Pegantha triloba Haeckel, 1879 were found in oceanic waters off the northern Brazilian coast. The former species is clearly distinct due to the thickness and shape of peripheral channels, while the latter is recognized mainly due to the exumbrellar furrows and long otoporpae. This study represents the first actual record of P. laevis inside the Brazilian Economic Exclusive zone, since previous reports were far away from the coast, and clarify the presence of P. triloba off Brazil.
O tempo encantado ou as astúcias dos homens lentos
Authors: Vidal Laurent
Published: November 2018

Este texto dedica-se ao “murmúrio das sociedades”, ou seja, à dimensão ordinária da vida dos heróis anônimos das sociedades industriais. Assumindo a postura da braconagem com a obra do Michel de Certeau, seguimos, em primeiro lugar, o uso crítico da metáfora sugerida por Milton Santos para falar dos pobres – os homens lentos – desdobrando um diálogo com a obra do sociólogo Jean Duvignaud. Este fez da observação das atitudes anômicas uma maneira de observar a linguagem perdida de uma sociedade. Após ter mostrado como a dominação da velocidade na era industrial (“a idade mecânica”) torna a lentidão uma forma de estigma dos dominados, ilustramos as astúcias dos homens lentos para tornar a lentidão um elemento de resistência (diminuição do ritmo de trabalho), quando não de reexistência (a partir das práticas musicais e da dança).
Strategie persuasive in rete. Note per un’analisi semiotica della “rivoluzione Twitter” in Iran come media event
Authors: Picciuolo Andrea
Published: November 2018

Il saggio offre un’analisi semiologica della funzione discorsiva e narrativa manifestata da alcuni elementi (con particolare riguardo a immagini e hashtags) del racconto mediatico degli eventi occorsi in Iran durante quella che nel 2009 fu appellata “rivoluzione Twitter”.
Patrimônio natural
Authors: Pereira Danilo Celso
Published: November 2018

As políticas públicas de seleção do patrimônio cultural brasileiro optaram pela proteção de determinados bens em detrimento de outros, e nesse campo de disputas o patrimônio natural se constituiu historicamente como uma das categorias menos privilegiadas. Dessa forma, tem-se como objetivo neste texto discutir a política de identificação e reconhecimento do patrimônio natural pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, buscando entender quais naturezas foram consideradas de relevância para fazer parte do mosaico que pretende representar a identidade nacional. O estudo baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica especializada e na análise dos processos de tombamento, possibilitando constatar que, se de um lado a revisão crítica da noção de patrimônio cultural nas décadas de 1970 e 1980 possibilitou o reconhecimento de novos patrimônios naturais, vinculados ao cotidiano e à memória dos diferentes grupos formadores da sociedade brasileira, por outro, nota-se na atualidade uma incompreensão do tema quando se busca delegar o patrimônio natural como assunto exclusivo da legislação do meio ambiente.
Trechos de Helena Vadia, uma performopalestra
Authors: Villanova Pamella
Published: November 2018

Trechos da dramaturgia de Helena Vadia, híbrido de peça de teatro e palestra – uma “performopalestra” apresentada na defesa do mestrado em Artes da Cena, em 2014, pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). O espetáculo ultrapassou os limites físicos da universidade e dos edifícios teatrais e já se apresentou em diversos contextos diferentes, levando questionamentos sobre a rigidez de “ser mulher” ou “ser homem” e a violência consequente de tal compreensão assimétrica aparentemente imutável.

Palavras-chave: Dramaturgia, Estudos de gênero, Mito, Pesquisa em artes.
Limites normativos da responsabilidade do Estado por dano tributário no direito brasileiro vigente
Authors: Scapin Andreia Cristina
Published: November 2018

O propósito deste artigo é investigar os limites normativos da responsabilidade do Estado no âmbito das relações tributárias, emergentes da obrigação do contribuinte (ou responsável) de pagar tributos, a partir da interpretação do conjunto de enunciados prescritivos do Direito brasileiro vigente que versam sobre o exercício da função fiscal e sobre o dever jurídico de reparar danos dispostos na CF/88, no CTN e no CC/02, confrontando-os com a doutrina e a jurisprudência existentes sobre o tema. Serão examinadas algumas decisões proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e por Tribunais Regionais brasileiros para verificar como o instituto tem sido compreendido por esses tribunais.
Un caso de recepción en el Perú:
Authors: Ramos Núñez Carlos
Published: November 2018

Un importante y dilatado debate tuvo lugar en el Perú al discutirse, en la década del veinte, cuando se elaboraba el Código Civil de 1936, en torno a la capacidad jurídica de los indígenas. El artículo 6, párrafo tercero del Código Civil brasileño de 1916, que declaró incapaces relativos a los selváticos, propició un debate en el Perú que duró años. Quienes impulsaban la inclusión de un criterio similar en el código civil peruano buscaban proteger a los indígenas, quienes, según su visión, se encontraban en desventaja en la sociedad moderna por su falta de educación. En la versión definitiva se decidió no incluir dicha norma y se mantuvo un criterio de igualdad formal y artificial respecto de la capacidad de los nativos, principalmente porque se consideró que lo contrario sería aún más perjudicial para ellos. Sin embargo, quedó un sentimiento tuitivo y proteccionista hacia el indígena en el discurso político y cultural peruano.
Entre a “ocupação” e a “profissão”
Authors: Capuzzo Helder Danilo
Published: November 2018

This text addresses the debate regarding the terms “occupation” and “profession” related to music making, a discussion that is raised in part of the research on work in music. Thus, it considers firstly the analyses by Becker (1982), Segnini (2006) and Menger (2005) on the theme of work in the arts and, in the conclusions, highlights a stance that complies with the ambiguities of the interactions between music and the professional universe.
O barbeiro de Sevilha
Authors: Rocha Regina
Published: November 2018

Compreender o contexto histórico e a elaboração do enredo de uma ópera são elementos fundamentais para uma visão crítica da obra de arte e, para isso, faz-se necessário investigar dados primários e fontes bibliográficas. No caso de O barbeiro de Sevilha de Rossini, o libretista Cesare Sterbini se baseou na comédia O barbeiro de Sevilha de Beaumarchais, escrita na França no final do século XVIII, numa sociedade que passava por grandes transformações sócio-políticas, rumo à Revolução Francesa. Após a leitura dos dois textos, propôs-se a identificação dos trechos da comédia de Beaumarchais mantidos e eliminados no libreto. A partir das informações obtidas, foi realizada discussão e análise das possíveis mudanças genéricas do libreto de Sterbini, tendo em vista o conteúdo de sua fonte. Da comparação do hipertexto de Sterbini com o hipotexto de Beaumarchais, pode-se depreender que o sentido político presente na comédia, derivado do seu caráter satírico (crítica dos vícios morais) é amenizado na ópera. A mudança de gênero produz um deslocamento de tom, tornando o texto de Sterbini mais leve e carregado de comicidade, sem esbarrar nas questões políticas. A caracterização de Rosina e seu destino amoroso fazem com que o texto de Sterbini se aproxime do Romantismo, em desenvolvimento na Europa da época. Assim, os procedimentos de apropriação do hipertexto também servem para adequar o enredo aos preceitos da nova estética em formação. Talvez por isso a ópera tenha se tornado tão popular para o público da época: discutia temas nascentes, como uma nova sociedade e a sua subjetividade.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Costimulatory Molecules in Children With Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Zahran Asmaa M. , Saad Khaled , Elsayh Khalid I. , Abdelmoghny Abobakr , Aboul-Khair Mohamed Diab , Sobhy Ali , Abdel-Raheem Yasser F , El-Asheer Osama M. , El-Houfey Amira A. , Alblihed Mohamd A. , Al-Neami Ibrahim
Published: November 2018

Objectives:

The aim of this study is to assess the level of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on monocytes and their ligands (CD28) on T-lymphocytes in children with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods:

The study included 60 children with AR and 50 controls. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze MDSCs and the expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on monocytes and their ligands (CD28) on T-lymphocytes.

Results:

The percentages of total and monocytic MDSCs and the expression of costimulatory molecule CD86 on monocytes were significantly higher in children with AR than in healthy controls. In addition, the expressions of CD28 on CD4+ and CD8+ were significantly elevated in AR patients.

Conclusion:

The present study demonstrated that the percentages of MDSCs were significantly elevated in AR children. Moreover, the expressions of CD28 on CD4+ and CD8+ were significantly higher in children with AR.
How to Evaluate your Company Image
Authors: Bolger John F.
Published: November 2018

One of the most popular subjects among marketing men Is how to create the right kind of public image for their company.

This article explains the highlights of a new and unique approach to this problem. The method has been used successfully by a number of Chicago companies and advertising agencies.
Sociologists and Marketologists
Authors: Bartels Robert
Published: November 2018

What are the principal differences between sociologists and marketing men? This article provides some significant answers.

It deals with the extent to which marketing men may turn to sociologists for assistance in solving marketing problems.

The author also introduces a new word, marketologist, for the individual engaged in the development of the scientific aspects of marketing.
The Forum …: The Farm Today
Authors: Ferber Robert , Kohls R. L.
Published: November 2018

The following article continues the discussion of the farm market which was started by Vergil D. Reed in the October, 1958, JOURNAL OF MARKETING.

Some of Dr. Reed's conclusions are challenged here, and important issues of the farmer's motivation and marketing structures are developed further.
The Forum…: Pictorial Stereotypes in a Projective Test
Authors: Greenberg Allan
Published: November 2018

This article describes a study which measured brand associations with each of a matched set of verbal and pictorial stereotypes. Associations with each set of stimuli were far from being in one-to-one agreement.

It is shown that a pretest to determine what the less frequently used pictorial stereotypes represent was called for before substituting them for the verbal stereotypes.
Marketing Predictions from Consumer Attitudinal Data
Authors: Paranka Stephen
Published: November 2018

The Survey Research Center of the University of Michigan collects data of consumer attitudes to assist marketing prediction. These data include an over-all attitudinal index and statistics concerning attitudes toward specific consumer durable goods.

How accurate have these data been as a basis for predicting consumer demand in total, and for specific durable goods? The answers are given in this article.
Differences in Food Buying Attitudes of Housewives
Authors: Trier Howard , Smith Henry Clay , Shaffer James
Published: November 2018

This is an exploratory study of decision making in food buying which is concerned with the following questions:

How do wives differ in their approach to food buying?

Is the approach to food buying related to their perceived roles and their perceptions of self?

Is there a relationship between the personality traits of the wives and their approach to food buying?
Airfreight from a Marketing Viewpoint
Authors: Shutes George M.
Published: November 2018

Apparently only a small percentage of businessmen know what airfreight can accomplish.

The author reveals how it can be used profitably when the marketing approach, or total-cost concept, is used.
The Forum: Sample Surveys for Legal Evidence
Authors: Tepping Benjamin J. , Wittreich Warren J.
Published: November 2018

A recent article by Stanley L Payne advocated the use of simple tests rather than sample surveys for use as legal evidence. The present authors differ with this point of view, and tell why.
Self-Service in Soft Goods
Authors: Tallman Gerald B. , Blomstrom Bruce A.
Published: November 2018

A new kind of retail institution is selling soft goods by supermarket techniques.

As usual, consumers have preceded competitors in recognizing the basic appeals. As the new stores achieve mature strength, they present serious policy problems to established merchants and to manufacturers alike. This article discusses the impact of these stores on the market.
Galbraith's Wicked Wants
Authors: Boddewyn Jean
Published: November 2018

The Neo-Puritanism of John Kenneth Galbraith would be quite relevant to times in search of a purpose—according to author Boddewyn— were it not for Galbraith's inadequate perception of the nature of wants and needs. The present author turns to the prosaic and lowly potato to show the difference between wants and needs.

And he believes that another flaw in Galbraith's thinking is that economic concepts, such as marginalism and rationality, are applied to what are basically social and moral issues.
An 18th Century Plan for Business Education
Authors: Norwood B. J. Scott
Published: November 2018

Can training for business actually be provided by schools? If so, what type of training is most effective? Should businessmen be trained as generalists or specialists?

Questions such as these are not the special product of educational turmoil in our day and age. This article examines a little known but highly significant eighteenth-century document which points to the origin of the business-school concept, and affords a unique opportunity to see current ideological differences in historical perspective.
Advertising—A Critic's View
Authors: Warne Colston E.
Published: November 2018

Has advertising degenerated into wasteful and sometimes deceptive promotion of brand rivalry? Since the author of the present article says, “Yes,” it might be well to point out that an old-fashioned but still valid tenet is that a good marketing man must always try to learn about and understand another person's point of view.

In this article, originally presented at the 1961 Boston Conference on Distribution (Colston E. Warne, “Advertising—A Critic's View,” Boston, International Marketing Institute, 1961, pp. 61–65), the author maintains that present-day advertising is featuring the irrational and the irrelevant, and is often employed as a means of consumer manipulation.

For a different point of view, see the article that follows this one.
Bayesian Statistics in Marketing
Authors: Roberts Harry V.
Published: November 2018

Bayesian statistics points the way to an articulation of business judgment and statistical research in approaching marketing problems.

We have always known that neither executive nor statistician is sufficient in himself, but now for the first time we have formal tools that show that the two can be brought closer together. This article shows how this may be accomplished.

Also, see the succeeding article, “Bayesian Decision Theory in Pricing Strategy,” by Paul E. Green, pp. 5–14.
“Normal” Business Behavior and the Justice Department
Authors: Barron J. F.
Published: November 2018

Antitrust indictments against business firms often appear to businessmen and the community to represent an unfair attack on normal business behavior by an “anti-business” arm of the government.

The author examines the rationale for the enforcement of proscriptions against one form of business activity—price fixing—and concludes that where such behavior is concerned, considerations of “fairness” or “normality” can have no bearing.
Indirect Price Discrimination and Robinson-Patman
Authors: Tarpey Lawrence X.
Published: November 2018

This article is a case study of how one firm unwillingly violated Section 2(d) of the Robinson-Patman Act by merely participating in a cooperative advertising plan.

It shows that the Federal Trade Commission's strict interpretation of the law's language can frustrate innovation in marketing strategy.
The Changing Australian Food Industry
Authors: Herr William McD.
Published: November 2018

Food marketing “down under” increasingly is becoming Americanized. Utilizing business arrangements which range from licensing agreements to wholly owned subsidiaries, American food firms are invading the Australian market with a plethora of products.

Here is an up-to-date description of the marketing techniques that are evolving.
Competent Retail Trainees—Where Are They ?
Authors: Goldstucker Jac L.
Published: November 2018

Retailers have long complained about their inability to attract and retain employes with executive potenial. Here are some new avenues of approach.
Are Automobile Purchasers Dissonant Consumers?
Authors: Engel James F.
Published: November 2018

Are there really “dissonant consumers”—that is, consumers beset with doubt after a purchase that they have made the correct choice?

The author examines this question, using the findings of his study of new automobile owners; and he discusses the issue of the advertiser's responsibility to the recent purchaser.
The Jantzen Method of Short-Range Forecasting
Authors: Vreeland Carl
Published: November 2018

Sales forecasting by ratio estimation has produced good results for Jantzen Inc. The method is represented here, with the thought that it might be used by other business firms where suitable records are available.
Can Refusals by Respondents be Decreased?
Authors: Dommermuth William P. , Cateora Philip R.
Published: November 2018

Accuracy in consumer surveys can be influenced greatly by the degree to which the interviewer is “accepted” by the persons he seeks to question. Can the refusal rate be cut and the degree of acceptance increased if respondents are contacted by letter or phone before the interviewer's visit?

The authors report on an experiment designed to answer this question.
The Products Liability Problem
Authors: Hursh Robert D.
Published: November 2018

The problem of fixing legal responsibility for product-caused injury or death comes before today's courts with increasing frequency. American courts have begun to look not merely at the product itself and the harm caused, but also at the way in which the product was advertised and especially how it was described in the advertising.

It is implied, therefore, that improper advertising can be the CAUSE of injury. And this means that both advertising agencies and advertisers have serious moral and legal responsibilities to see to it that this does not happen.
Standardization of Advertising for Western Europe
Authors: Roostal Ilmar
Published: November 2018

This article presents the principal factors pro and con as to the growth of standardized advertising practices in Western Europe.

The author's presentations to the Fourth Congress of the International Advertising Association in Madrid in September, 1961, and to the Indiana University Second International Seminar on Marketing Management in Stresa, Italy, in July, 1962, have been brought up to date for readers of the JOURNAL OF MARKETING.
Rejoinders, Commentaries, and Specialized Articles Sales Promotion Effectiveness can be Measured
Authors: Ferber Robert , Adler Lee
Published: November 2018

John H. Weber argued in a recent issue of the JOURNAL OF MARKETING that the role of sales promotion in making sales cannot be measured quantitatively, because there are too many unknowns in the market place. He contended that general economic conditions affect consumer response to promotion in unknown, unmeasurable, and unpredictable ways; and he made the same point for local market conditions, competitive reactions, and intra-company factors.

The present author takes issue with Weber's views—he asserts that the effectiveness of sales promotion activities can indeed be determined, and that experimental methods can be utilized.
Questionable Correlates for Automobile Shopping Behavior
Authors: Murphy Joseph R.
Published: November 2018

This is a three-fold reply to an earlier article in the JOURNAL OF MARKETING dealing with automobile shopping behavior.

The present author feels that there was a failure to consider the type of measurement employed in the basic statistic.
Why Bother to Decrease Interview Refusals?
Authors: Hughes Charles J.
Published: November 2018

This is a pointed criticism of an article in a recent issue of the JOURNAL OF MARKETING that described a method used in cutting the refusal rate of respondents.