bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH DAN KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN ONLINE DI MARKETPLACE SHOPEE
Authors: Ristanti Vivi , Fajriati Indah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh banyaknya konsumen yang masih belum memilih shopee sebagai tempat pembelanjaan secara online. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh antara electronic word of mouth dan kepercayaan konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian online dimarketplace shopee. Populasi penelitian ini mahasiswa STIM Budi Bakti yang pernah berbelanja secara online dishopee lebih dari dua kali. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu berjumlah 100 orang yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling yaitu sampling kuota. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan metode analisis data yaitu uji validitas, uji realibilitas, uji regresi linier berganda, uji t dan uji F, serta koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa electronic word of mouth dan kepercayaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian online di marketplace shopee. Dari analisis terdapat hasil R2 0,528. Artinya bahwa 52,8% variabel Keputusan Pembelian dipengaruhi oleh Electronic Word Of Mouth dan Kepercayaan, sementara sisanya 47,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
PENGARUH HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK DOSUKA SOSIS DI BEST MEAT SAWANGAN
Authors: Pratiwi Sakti Retno , Amelia Chika
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Dosuka Sosis di Best Meat Sawangan. Pengaruh Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Dosuka Sosis di Best Meat Sawangan. Pengaruh Harga dan Promosi secara bersama-sama terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Dosuka Sosis di Best Meat Sawangan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah konsumen di Best Meat Sawangan. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebagian konsumen Best Meat Sawangan yang berjumlah 100 orang responden. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Regresi Linier Sederhana dan Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil penelitian Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian diketahui mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 42,1% sedangkan untuk hasil penelitian Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian diketahui mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 43,6% dan untuk hasil penelitian Harga dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian diketahui mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 52,2%. Dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh Harga dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Dosuka Sosis di Best Meat Sawangan.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK TENTANG PERAWATAN TALI PUSAT PADA BBLDI KLINIK ALISAH MEDAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Yusraini  , Idarwati Zebua
Published: January 2025

Menurut WHO Perawatan tali pusat adalah tali pusat yang dirawat dalamkeadaan yang steril, bersih dan terhindar dari infeksi tali pusat. Perawatan talipusat yang baik dan benar akan menimbulkan dampak yang positif yaitu talipusat akan putus pada hari ke 5 dan hari ke 7 tanpa ada komplikasi.Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan data primer.Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang bertujuanuntuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan ibu nifas berdasarkan karakteristiktentang perawatan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir di klinik Alisah medan tahun2021sebanyak 30 responden dengan menggunakan Total Sampling.Dari responden didapat hasil bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang Perawatantali berdasarkan umur, mayoritas berumur 20-30 tahun sebanyak 15 orang (50%)dan minoritas pada umur >35 tahun sebanyak 5 orang (16,6%). Berdasarkanpendidikan, mayoritas SD sebanyak 13 orang (43,3%), minoritas perguruantinggi sebanyak 2 orang (6,6%).Berdasarkan paritasmayoritas ibu denganmultipara sebanyak 13 orang (43,3). Dan minoritas ibu dengan grandemultiparasebanyak 2 orang (6,6%). Berdasarkan sumber informasi, mayoritas tenagakesehatan sebanyak 14 orang (46,6%) dan minoritas media papan sebanyak 3orang (10%).Keywords: Pengetahuan, Perawatan Tali Pusat
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG KB KALENDER DI DESATELAGA SARI KECAMATAN SUNGGAL PERIODE MEI-JUNI TAHUN 2021
Authors: Nelly Frida Manurung  , Epimae Halawa
Published: January 2025

Metode KB Kalender adalah sebuah metode kontrasepsi alami yangdilakukan olehpasangan suami istri untuk mencegah kehamilan tanpa risiko efeksamping tidak mengomsumsi obat-obatan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang KB Kalender. Penelitian inimenggunakan data primer dengan tehnik total sampel dan denganjumlah sampel35 responden’.Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan ibutentang KB Kalender berdasarkan pendidikan mayoritas berpendidikan SDsebanyak 15 orang 42,8%) dan minoritas pada pendidikan perguruan tinggisebanyak 5 orang (14,2%), berdasarkan paritas mayoritas terjadi pada kelompakmultipara sebanyak 15 orang (42,8%) dan minoritas terjadi pada kelompakprimipara sebanyak 5 orang (14,2%), berdasarkan Sumber Informasi mayoritasterjadi pada sumber informasi Tenaga Kesehatan sebanyak 12 orang (34,2%) danminoritas pada sumber informasi media papan sebanyak 6 orang (17,1%).Keywords: Pengetahuan, KB Kalender
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA PERSALINAN PREMATUR DI RSUP H. ADAM MALIK MEDAN PERIODE JANUARI 2021 – DESEMBER 2022
Authors: Meiyana Sinaga  , Efi Satriana Silalahi  , Merkurius Talunohi  , Desri Zega
Published: January 2025

Persalinan adalah proses pengeluaran janin yang terjadi pada kehamilancukup bulan 37- 42 minggu, Berdasarka WHO (World Health Organization), bayipremature adalah bayi lahir hidup sebelum usia kehamilan minggu ke 37. 35%kematian neonatal di dunia disebabkan oleh komplikasi kelahiran premature. Jumlahkematian neonatal dengan usia 0-6 hari sebesar 78,5%.%. Dan di RSUP H. AdamMalik Medan Periode Januari 2014 – Desember 2015 kejadian abortus insipienssebanyak 36 kasus.Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktoryang mempengaruhi persalinan prematur di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan PeriodeJanuari 2014 – Desember 2015 dengan jumlah populasi 36 orang yang diperolehdari Medical Record dan yang dipergunakan total sampling sebanyak 36 orang.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang ditemukan bahwa persalinan prematureberdasarkan usia ibu mayoritas pada usia ibu 20 – 35 tahun sebanyak 19 orang(52,8 %), berdasarkan paritas mayoritas pada multipara sebanyak 17 orang (47,3%), berdasarkan riwayat sebelumnya mayoritas pada adanya riwayat sebanyak 21orang (58,3 %), dan berdasarkan penyakit ibu mayoritas sebanyak 19 orang (52,8)Disarankan pada Bidan di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan agar dapatmemberikan informasi tentang persalinan prematur pada ibu hamil di RB 1 Obgynyang bertujuan untuk menurunkan angka kejadian perasalinan premature pada ibuhamil.Keywords: Persalinan Prematus, Faktor-faktor
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PEMBERIAN IMUNISASI DASAR LENGKAP PADA BAYI DI DUSUN VI DESA TELAGA SARI
Authors: Efi Satriana Silalahi  , Wina Laia
Published: January 2025

Imunisasi merupakan suatu tindakan yang dibuat agar meningkatkanderajatkesehatan terhadap bayi, anak, dan ibu hamil, khususnya kepada bayiyang belum memiliki kekebalan tubuh yang kuat. Imunisasi adalah suatu upayauntuk menimbulkan/meningkatkan kekebalan seseorang secara aktif terhadapsuatu penyakit sehingga bila suatu saat terpapan dengan penyakit tersebut tidakakan sakit atau hanya mengalami sakit ringan (Permenkes RI 12, 2020). Jenispenelitian ini bersifat deskritif dengan menggunakan data sekunder yanghasilnya diambil dari puskesmas dan pengambilan data ini juga di lakukandengan dataprimer yang diperoleh dari pengisian kuesioner secara langsungoleh responden di dusun VI desa telaga sari dengan populasi 30 orang. Seluruhpopulasi dijadikan sampel pada penelitian sebanyak 30 orang.Dari hasil penelitian yang ditemukan bahwa pengetahuan respondententang tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkappada bayi tahun 2021 mayoritas pada umur 20-30 tahun 25 orang (83,3%),mayoritas berpendidikan SMA sebanyak 13 orang(43,3%), dan mayoritas berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 15 orang (50%).Keywords: imunisasi, bayi
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG PENCEGAHAN ANEMIA DEFISIENSI ZAT BESI DENGAN ANEMIA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS RAMBUNG
Authors: Margreth Vilona Simanungkalit
Published: January 2025

Upaya peningkatan kesehatan adalah suatu kegiatan atau serangkaiankegiatan yang di lakukan secara terpadu dalam bentuk pencegahan penyakitpeningkatan kesehatan, terutama kepada ibu dan anak. Di wilayah kerjaPuskesmas Rambung di temukan beberapa permasalahan terhadap ibu hamil,Salah satu masalahnya adalah kurangnya kesadaran untuk melakukanpencegahan anemia pada masa kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pencegahan AnemiaDefisiensi Zat Besi Dengan Anemia Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Rambung Tahun2023.Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Jumlah populasi pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil di PuskesmasRambung. Dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Sotal Sampling,yaitu seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel sebanyak 35 orang. Uji yang digunakanyaitu dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil Chi Square pada tabulasi silanghubungan pengetahuan pengetahuan ibu dengan anemia pada ibu hamil adalah0.000, dimana 0.000 < 0.05, sehingga ada hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu HamilTentang Pencegahan Anemia Defisiensi Zat Besi Dengan Anemia Ibu Hamil DiPuskesmas Rambung Tahun 2023.Kesimpulan pada hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa ada HubunganPengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pencegahan Anemia Defisiensi Zat BesiDengan Anemia Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Rambung Tahun 2023. Sehinggadapat disarankan kepada tenaga kesehatan untuk lebih sering memberikanpenyuluhan tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan kepada masyarakat dan dapatmendorong ibu-ibu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rambung untuk lebih aktif untukikut setiap penyuluhan.Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Anemia ibu hamil
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI COVID-19 PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK PRATAMA FATIMAHALI II DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Aisyah  , Juliati
Published: January 2025

Pengetahuan merupakan hasil dari “tahu” yang terjadi setelah orangmengadakan penginderaan terhadap suatu objek tertentu terutama melalui matadan telinga. Ibu hamil adalah seorang wanita yang mengandung dimulai darikonsepsi sampai lahirnya janin. upaya pencegahan/preventif adalah sebuahusaha yang dilakukan individu dalam mencegah terjadinya sesuatu yang tidakdiinginkan. Jenis penelitian ini merupak penelitian menggambarkan denganmenggunakan rancangan studi cross sectional tujuan penelitian yaitu untukmengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Terhadap Upaya PencegahanInfeksi Covid-19 Di Klinik Pratama Fatimah Ali II Tahun 2021. Dalam penelitianini teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik totalsampling yaitu jumlah populasi yang ada dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian.Jadi sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak45 orang. Hasil pengujian hipotesisuntuk melihat hubungan antara variabel X dan variable Y adalah dengan tarafsignifikan (α) = 5% (0,05) dan df = 1 diperoleh hasil p.value = 0,001 pada df = 1dimana sig < α (0,001 < 0,05) maka dapat diketahui ada hubunganpengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap upaya pencegahan infeksi Covid-19 Di klinikPratama Fatimah Ali II. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan kepada pihakpemilik klinikPratama Fatimah Ali II agar terus memberikan informasi terkait infeksi viruscorona khususnya kepada ibu hamil agar pengetahuan ibu hamil bertambah danibu hamil dapat melakukan upaya pencegahan infeksi covid-19.Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi Covid-19
Generation and independent-manipulation of multi-channel high-capacity perfect vector vortex beams based on geometric metasurfaces
Authors: ZHANG Shenglan , TIAN Ximin , XU Junwei , XU Yaning , LI Liang , LIU Jielong ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Published: January 2025

Perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs), which are characterized by spiral phase, donut-shaped intensity profile and inhomogeneous polarization of a light beam carrying spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), have a constant bright ring radius and ring width which are unaffected by the changes of their carrying topological charge (TC), thus making them highly valuable in many optical fields. Metasurfaces, as planar optical devices composed of subwavelength nanostructures, can precisely control the phase, polarization, and amplitude of electromagnetic waves, providing a revolutionary solution for integrated vector field manipulation devices. However, existing metasurfaces still encounter significant challenges in generating high-capacity, polarization- and orbital angular momentum-independent controlled perfect vector vortex beams. In order to solve this problem, in this work a spin-multiplexing scheme based on pure geometric phase modulation on a metasurface platform is used to achieve high-capacity polarization- and OAM-independent controlled PVVBs. The metasurfaces with a combined phase profile of a spiral phase plate, an axicon, and a focusing (Fourier) lens are spatially encoded by rectangular Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (GSST) nanopillar with various orientations on a CaF2 square substrate. When illuminated by circularly polarized light with opposite chirality, the metasurfaces can generate various perfect vector vortex beams (PVBs) with arbitrary topological charges. For linearly polarized incidence, the metasurface is employed to induce PVVBs by coherently superposing PVBs with spin-opposite OAM modes. The polarization states and polarization orders of the generated PVVBs can be flexibly customized by controlling the initial phase difference, amplitude ratio, and topological charges of the two orthogonal PVB components. Notably, through precisely designing the metasurface's phase distribution and the propagation path of the generated beams, the space and polarization multiplexing can be realized in a compact manner of spatial PVVB arrays, significantly increasing both information channels and dimensions for the development of vortex communication capacity. With these findings, we demonstrate an innovative optical information encryption scheme by using a single metasurface to encode personalized polarization states and OAM in parallel channels embedded within multiple PVVBs. This work aims to establish an ultra-compact, robust platform for generating multi-channel high-capacity polarization- and OAM-independent controlled PVVBs in the mid-infrared range, and promote their applications in optical encryption, particle manipulation, and quantum optics.
Researchonultrafast spin dynamics oflaser-induced spin valve structures
Authors: LU Wentian , YAO Chunwei , YAN Zhi , YUAN Zhe ,   Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministryof Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Research Institute of Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China,   Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences, Institute of NanoelectronicDevicesand Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Published: January 2025

The discovery of ultrafast demagnetization has provided a new means for generating ultrafast spin currents by using an ultrashort laser, potentially enabling faster manipulation of material magnetism. This has sparked research on the transport mechanisms of ultrafast spin currents. However, the basic processes are still poorly understood, especially the factors influencing interlayer spin transfer. In this work, a superdiffusive spin transport model is used to investigate the ultrafast spin transport mechanism in the Ni/Ru/Fe spin valve system, with a particular focus on how interlayer spin transfer affects the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of the ferromagnetic layer. First, by calculating the laser-induced magnetization dynamics of the Ni/Ru/Fe system under different magnetization alignments, the recent experimental findings are validated. Further analysis shows that reducing the thickness of the Ru spacer layer will significantly enhance the spin current intensity and increase the demagnetization difference in the Fe layer, confirming the key role of the hot electron spin current generated by the Ni layer in interlayer spin transport. In addition, the spin decay length of hot electron spin currents in the spacer Ru layer is determined to be approximately 0.5 nm. This work also shows that laser-induced transient magnetization enhancement can be achieved by adjusting the relative laser absorption in the films. These results provide theoretical support for ultrafast magnetic control of future spin valve structures and contribute to the development of spintronics in high-speed information processing and storage applications.
What ‘unexplored’ means: mapping regions with digitized natural history records to look for ‘biodiversity blindspots’
Authors: Ball Laymon , Rodríguez-Machado Sheila , Paredes-Burneo Diego , Rutledge Samantha , Boyd David A. , Vander Pluym David , Babb-Biernacki Spenser , Chipps Austin S. , Öztürk Rafet Ç. , Terzi Yahya , Chakrabarty Prosanta
Published: January 2025

We examined global records of accessible natural history voucher collections (with publicly available data and reliable locality data) for terrestrial and freshwater vascular plants, fungi, freshwater fishes, birds, mammals, and herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles) and highlight areas of the world that would be considered undersampled and sometimes called ‘unexplored’ (i.e., have relatively low, or no evidence of, past sampling efforts) under typical Western-scientific descriptions. We also question what ‘unexplored’ may mean in these contexts and explain how replacing the term in favor of more nuanced phrasing (e.g., ‘biodiversity blindspots,’ which emphasizes the lack of publicly available data about specimens) can mitigate future misunderstandings of natural history science. We also highlight geographic regions where there are relatively few or no publicly available natural history records to raise awareness about habitats that might be worthy of future natural history research and conservation. A major finding is that many of the areas that appear ‘unexplored’ may be in countries whose collections are not digitized (i.e., they don’t have metadata such as GPS coordinates about their voucher specimens publicly available). We call for museums to prioritize digitizing those collections from these ‘biodiversity blindspots’ and for increased funding for museums to aid in these efforts. We also argue for increased scientific infrastructure so that more reference collections with vouchers can be kept in the countries of origin (particularly those countries lacking such infrastructure currently).
Body size prediction in scorpions: a phylogenetic comparative examination of linear measurements of individual body parts
Authors: Foerster Stênio Í. A.
Published: January 2025

Body size has always been the focus of several ecological studies due to its undeniable influence on other life-history traits. The conventional representation of body size in arthropods typically relies on linear measures, such as total body length, or the length of specific body parts that can be used to represent body size. While these measures offer simplicity over more complicated alternatives (e.g., dry mass), technical problems persist for arthropods with complex body structures, as is the case for scorpions. In these animals, accurate measurements often require extensive handling, including the stretching of body parts. In light of the difficulties associated with directly measuring total length and carapace length in scorpions (two prevalent proxies for body size in the group), this study evaluates the ability of seven simple linear measurements in predicting length measures of boy size in scorpions under a phylogenetic framework. Predictive equations derived from phylogenetic mixed linear models fitted under Bayesian framework were implemented in custom R functions that can be applied for size prediction in a wide range of scorpions. Overall, accurate predictions of total length and carapace length could be achieved using any of the studied traits as single predictors. However, the most accurate predictions for total length were obtained using the length of metasomal segment V, while the best predictions for carapace length were achieved using telson length. The addition of a secondary predictor had low impact on the quality of the size predictions, indicating that increasing model complexity by incorporating additional predictors is not necessary to achieve accurate size estimates. Technical advantages and limitations associated with each linear measurement are discussed. In conclusion, this study broadens the repertoire of methods available for accurately estimating body size in scorpions, particularly in instances where body size information can only be obtained indirectly through allometric relationships.
Artificial Intelligence in Corporate Finance - Transforming Financial Strategies for Startups: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raj Roopa T , N R Suryanarayana
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing corporate finance by enabling startups to overcome traditional financial challenges and achieve sustainable growth. This study systematically reviews AI's transformative potential, highlighting its applications in financial decision-making, process automation, fraud detection, and predictive analytics. Drawing from 50 peer-reviewed articles, the review highlights how AI technologies like machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive modelling enhance financial efficiency, mitigate risks, and enable strategic innovation for startups. While AI-driven financial strategies reduce costs, improve cash flow accuracy, and foster ESG compliance, barriers such as high implementation costs, skill gaps, and integration challenges persist. The findings also reveal significant research gaps, including the need for scalable AI tools tailored to startups and ethical frameworks to mitigate biases in financial models. By addressing these issues, this study provides actionable insights for leveraging AI to transform financial operations, empowering startups to thrive in a competitive digital economy.
Mold‐Free Manufacturing of Highly Sensitive and Fast‐Response Pressure Sensors Through High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Conformal Oxidative Chemical Vapor Deposition Polymers
Authors: Baek Jinwook , Shan Yujie , Mylvaganan Mitesh , Zhang Yuxuan , Yang Xixian , Qin Fei , Zhao Kejie , Song Han Wook , Mao Huachao , Lee Sunghwan
Published: July 2023

A new manufacturing paradigm is showcased to exclude conventional mold‐dependent manufacturing of pressure sensors, which typically requires a series of complex and expensive patterning processes. This mold‐free manufacturing leverages high‐resolution 3D‐printed multiscale microstructures as the substrate and a gas‐phase conformal polymer coating technique to complete the mold‐free sensing platform. The array of dome and spike structures with a controlled spike density of a 3D‐printed substrate ensures a large contact surface with pressures applied and extended linearity in a wider pressure range. For uniform coating of sensing elements on the microstructured surface, oxidative chemical vapor deposition is employed to deposit a highly conformal and conductive sensing element, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) at low temperatures (<60 °C). The fabricated pressure sensor reacts sensitively to various ranges of pressures (up to 185 kPa−1) depending on the density of the multiscale features and shows an ultrafast response time (≈36 µs). The mechanism investigations through the finite element analysis identify the effect of the multiscale structure on the figure‐of‐merit sensing performance. These unique findings are expected to be of significant relevance to technology that requires higher sensing capability, scalability, and facile adjustment of a sensor geometry in a cost‐effective manufacturing manner.
Constructing Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Multiple‐Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials with Intrinsically Helical Chirality
Authors: Wang Qingyang , Yuan Li , Qu Cheng , Huang Tingting , Song Xiaoxian , Xu Yincai , Zheng You‐Xuan , Wang Yue
Published: July 2023

Advanced circularly polarized multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (CP‐MR‐TADF) materials synergize the advantages of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), narrowband emission, and the TADF characteristic, which can be fabricated into highly efficient circularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) with high color purity, directly facing the urgent market strategic demand of ultrahigh‐definition and 3D displays. In this work, based on an edge‐topology molecular‐engineering (ETME) strategy, a pair of high‐performance CP‐MR‐TADF enantiomers, (P and M)‐BN‐Py, is developed, which merges the intrinsically helical chirality into the MR framework. The optimized CP‐OLEDs with (P and M)‐BN‐Py emitters and the newly developed ambipolar transport host PhCbBCz exhibit pure green emission with sharp peaks of 532 nm, full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 37 nm, and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.29, 0.68). Importantly, they achieve remarkable maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 30.6% and 29.2%, and clear circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) signals with electroluminescence dissymmetry factors (gELs) of −4.37 × 10−4 and +4.35 × 10−4 for (P)‐BN‐Py and (M)‐BN‐Py, respectively.
An idea to explore: Engaging high school students in structure‐function studies of bacterial sortase enzymes and inhibitors ‐ A comprehensive computational experimental pipeline
Authors: Godse Shivani , Sapar Tanvi , Amacher Jeanine F.
Published: July 2023

High school science fairs provide an exceptional opportunity for students to gain experience with scientific research, and participation has positive outcomes with respect to chosen careers in the sciences. However, it can be challenging to engage high school students in university‐level research outside of formal internship programs. Here, we describe an experimental pipeline for a computational structural biology project that engages high school students. Students are involved at every step of the investigation and utilize freely available software to dock inhibitors onto protein homologues, and then analyze the resulting complexes. Bacterial sortases are transpeptidases on the cell surface of Gram‐positive bacteria and are a potential target for the development of antibiotics. Students modeled inhibitors bound to sortases from several organisms, asking questions about affinity and selectivity. Their project was ranked in the top 10% at both regional and state science fairs. This project design is easily adaptable to countless other protein systems and provides a pipeline for collaborative high school student/university professor inquiry.
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with verapamil and atorvastatin: A case report
Authors: Aw Yi Tong Vincent , McGuane Jonathan Thomas
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

We report a case of biopsy‐proven cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis developing 10 days after starting verapamil and atorvastatin in a patient with long‐standing Sjogren's syndrome. This highlights the need to monitor for this rare adverse effect.
Integration Analysis of Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunch as Feedstock to Biomass‐Based Power Generation Plants
Authors: Awang Ahmad Hafizi , Abdulrazik Abdulhalim , Dahawi Yahya , Nafsun Aainaa Izyan
Published: July 2023

Torrefaction is a thermal procedure used to convert biomass into a substance resembling coal that possesses superior fuel properties compared to the original biomass. Torrefied biomass is hydrophobic and has a greater energy density, making it more advantageous for handling and storage. The purpose of this investigation is to establish a simulation model of the torrefaction process utilizing Malaysian biomass and optimize it for mass yield and energy consumption. Additionally, the objective is to integrate the optimized torrefaction process into an existing biomass power plant. By retrofitting a biomass‐based power generation facility with torrefaction technology, the existing feedstock can be upgraded before sending it to the power plant. Essentially, torrefaction technology represents an enhancement of biomass utilization technology, ultimately allowing for the maximum application of biomass energy.
Employment of chiral columns with superficially porous particles in chiral separations of cobalt bis (dicarbollide) and nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) derivatives
Authors: Horáček Ondřej , Dhaubhadel Umang , Holub Josef , Grüner Bohumír , Armstrong Daniel W. , Kučera Radim
Published: July 2023

Derivatives of the nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) (dicarbollide ion) and [3,3′‐Co‐(1,2‐C2B9H11)2](1‐) cobalt sandwich (COSAN) ion represent groups of extremely chemically and thermally stable abiotic compounds. They are being investigated in many research areas, that is, medicinal chemistry, material sciences, analytical chemistry, and electrochemistry. The chirality of these compounds remains still grossly overlooked, what is also reflected in limited number of reports on their chiral separations. Continued progress depends on reliable, fast, and cost‐effective methods for such separations. Recently, chiral separations of COSAN derivatives were achieved in liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography. Only five anionic derivatives of nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) were successfully enantioseparated in liquid chromatography. Efforts to separate anionic nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) in supercritical chromatography have failed, and only a few dicarbollide ions were separated using liquid chromatography. Generally, all chiral separations in liquid chromatography took about 30 min. Herein, we identify a versatile column capable of separating both COSAN and nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) derivatives and achieve faster analyses times employing commercially available superficially porous chiral stationary phases. The semisynthetic hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin‐based column (CDShell‐RSP) is identified as the column of choice from the tested columns by separating 19 of 27 compounds from each structural motifs tested mainly in less than 10 min. The dihydroxyalkyl, oxygen‐bridged hydroxyalkyl, and bisphenylene‐bridged COSAN derivatives were baseline separated in less than 5 min exceeding the results of supercritical fluid chromatography. Methods developed herein will aid synthetic chemists without the possession of a supercritical fluid chromatograph to achieve fast chiral separations of COSAN and derivatives of nido‐7,8‐C2B9H12(1‐) on a common liquid chromatograph without the need of dedicated instrumentation.
Western Blotting with Fast SDS‐PAGE and Semi‐Dry Protein Transfer
Authors: Garić Dušan , Dumut Daciana Catalina , Centorame Amanda , Radzioch Danuta
Published: July 2023

Western blotting is a method widely used in cell and molecular biology for the specific detection of proteins in biological samples. It is time‐consuming and normally takes up to 2 days to complete. This protocol introduces a more time‐efficient method to complete western blots, covering the preparation of protein extracts (including strategies for solubilization), electrophoretic separation of proteins, transfer of proteins to the membrane, and probing with antibodies. We describe an SDS‐PAGE protocol that achieves a gradient‐like separation of proteins (10‐400 kDa) on a single‐percentage polyacrylamide gel in only 45 min. Additionally, we present a rapid (10‐14 min) semi‐dry transfer of proteins from standard Tris/glycine polyacrylamide gels onto a membrane using homemade Tris/HEPES‐ or Tris/EPPS‐based buffers. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol 1: Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE)

Support Protocol 1: Cell lysis and protein extraction

Support Protocol 2: Protein quantification with BCA assay and sample preparation for loading on gel

Basic Protocol 2: Protein transfer with a fast semi‐dry transfer (FSDT) buffer

Basic Protocol 3: Immunoprobing, chemiluminescent visualization, stripping, and reuse of membranes
Extending UAF for Model‐Based Capability Planning and Enterprise Portfolio Management
Authors: Martin James N
Published: July 2023

Capabilities, the lifeblood of an enterprise, can be managed effectively using portfolio management techniques. Capability roadmaps are commonly used to manage the deployment of new and improved capabilities to address key drivers and challenges that the enterprise faces. This paper shows how MBSE can enhance an organization's ability to plan for capability deployments, as well as the ability to more effectively manage its portfolios of systems, services, people, technologies, processes, facilities, and other key enablers for the fielded capabilities. Specific enterprise modeling elements that can facilitate capability planning and portfolio management are presented. These new modeling elements are being incorporated into an update of the Unified Architecture Framework, an OMG standard for modeling an enterprise.
Engineering Complicated Systems Still Needs Systems Engineering and Thinking
Authors: Pickard Andrew C , Beasley Richard
Published: July 2023

In recent years there has been a totally valid move in Systems Engineering circles to consider and focus on capability / complex systems (of systems). This is important as the world is getting more inter‐connected and the consequences of undesired emergence more significant. Unfortunately this has led to a “marginalization” of (simply) complicated systems, which were the bedrock of Systems Engineering practice. Whilst practice obviously needs to adjust when the system of interest is complex, the fundamental principles still apply and the Systems Engineering profession must not simply abandon consideration of complicated systems. This paper is intended to act as a reminder of how important the application of Systems Engineering is to complicated systems.
Genesis – an Architectural Pattern for Federated PLM
Authors: Herzog Erik , Nordling Larsson Åsa , Tingström Johan
Published: July 2023

Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is a key capability for any organization developing and/or maintaining complex systems. This paper presents a modular architectural pattern for realizing a federated PLM capability from integrating multiple engineering discipline specific development environments. This opens the possibility for replacement of individual environments, while maintaining the overall development system landscape. Thus, providing a desired flexibility in adapting to future organizational challenges at comparatively low cost.
What Systems Engineers Should Know About Emergence
Authors: Axelsson Jakob
Published: July 2023

The concept of emergence refers to phenomena that occur on a system level without being present at the level of elements in the system. Since a system is created to achieve certain emergent system‐level behavior, while avoiding other emergent properties, a deeper understanding of emergence is crucial to further the field of systems engineering. It has also been identified as one of the key aspects of systems‐of‐systems. However, the concept has been the topic of much debate in philosophy, systems science, and complexity science for a long time, and there is yet no precise characterization on which there is general agreement. In this paper, a selection of the literature on emergence is reviewed to identify some key characteristics and disputes. The various philosophical points of view are analyzed from the perspective of systems engineering, to sort out what characteristics have practical implications, and which philosophical quiddities are merely of theoretical interest. The paper also relates emergence to systems engineering practices and suggests some tactics for dealing with emergence. Key results are that the inclusion of an explicit observer is essential for understanding and handling emergence, and that emergence is closely related to the amount of information required to describe the system which is also a defining characteristic of complexity.
Formalizing the Representativeness of Verification Models using Morphisms
Authors: Wach Paul , Beling Peter , Salado Alejandro
Published: July 2023

With the increasing complexity that is being introduced to engineered systems, the literature suggests that verification may benefit from theoretical foundations. In practice and in teaching of system engineering (SE), we typically define a verification model (simulation, test article, etc.) under the assumption that the model is a valid representation of the system design. Is this assumption always true? In this article, we explore the use of system theoretic morphisms to mathematically characterize the validity of representativeness between verification models and corresponding system design.
Collaborative Systems Thinking Culture: A Path to Success for Complex Projects
Authors: Bouyaud Mickael , Davila‐Rendon Natalie , Deng Alex , Duprez Jean , Fraga Anabel , John Leema , Noguchi Ryan , Palmer Erika , Patel Jay , Romero Maria , Wolfgang Raymond , Wozniak Michael
Published: July 2023

The world is filled with hard and complex problems, oftentimes requiring involved solutions. In large organizations attempting to solve these types of problems, a mindset shift and key candidate methodologies centered on collaborative systems thinking culture (CSTC) can assist significantly. The paper explores the state of the practice, change involved with implementing systems thinking, impacts of a collaborative approach within an organization, as well as the seven phases that a reader can introduce into their organization to realize some of the benefits. The same approach was used to create this paper under collective authorship from Cohort 6 of the INCOSE Technical Leadership Institute (TLI); an international group of individuals collaborating exclusively through virtual platforms. From writing papers to executing large technical programs, the CSTC approach will prepare technical teams for tackling challenging problems in an inclusive way with the intent to finish projects on time while also cultivating healthy systems engineering habits and practices. This lessens the reliance on corporate engineering procedures to drive collaborative behavior by fiat. Finally, blending CSTC into the fabric and culture of an organization is emphasized as being needed for the full benefit. That benefit includes saving programs by moving to a CSTC.
Editorial for “Reference Ranges of Ventricular Morphology and Function in Healthy Chinese Adults: A Multicenter 3T MRI Study”
Authors: Espe Emil , Schneider Jurgen E.
Published: July 2023

Level of Evidence

5

Technical Efficacy Stage

2
The effect of fatty infiltration, revision surgery, and sex on lumbar multifidus passive mechanical properties
Authors: Shahidi Bahar , Padwal Jennifer A. , Su Jeannie J. , Regev Gilad , Zlomislic Vinko , Allen R. Todd , Garfin Steven R. , Kim Choll , Lieber Richard L. , Ward Samuel R.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Previous research has demonstrated increased stiffness in the multifidus muscle compared to other paraspinal muscles at the fiber bundle level. We aimed to compare single fiber and fiber bundle passive mechanical properties of multifidus muscle: (1) in 40 patients undergoing primary versus revision surgery and (2) in muscle with mild versus severe fatty infiltration.

Methods

The degree of muscle fatty infiltration was graded using the patients' spine magnetic resonance images. Average single fiber and fiber bundle passive mechanical properties across three tests were compared between primary (N = 30) and revision (N = 10) surgery status, between mild and severe fatty infiltration levels, between sexes, and with age from passive stress–strain tests of excised multifidus muscle intraoperative biopsies.

Results

At the single fiber level, elastic modulus was unaffected by degree of fatty infiltration or surgery status. Female sex (p = 0.001) and younger age (p = 0.04) were associated with lower multifidus fiber elastic modulus. At the fiber bundle level, which includes connective tissue around fibers, severe fatty infiltration (p = 0.01) and younger age (p = 0.06) were associated with lower elastic modulus. Primary surgery also demonstrated a moderate, but non‐significant effect for lower elastic modulus (p = 0.10).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that female sex is the primary driver for reduced single fiber elastic modulus of the multifidus, while severity of fatty infiltration is the primary driver for reduced elastic modulus at the level of the fiber bundle in individuals with lumbar spine pathology.
Changes in wild pig (Sus scrofa) relative abundance, crop damage, and environmental impacts in response to control efforts
Authors: Treichler Joseph W. , VerCauteren Kurt C. , Taylor Charles R. , Beasley James C.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

As the population and range of wild pigs (Sus scrofa) continue to grow across North America, there has been an increase in environmental and economic damages caused by this invasive species, and control efforts to reduce damages have increased concomitantly. Despite the expanding impacts and costs associated with population control of wild pigs, the extent to which wild pig control reduces populations and diminishes environmental and agricultural damages are rarely quantified. The goal of this study is to quantify changes in wild pig relative abundance and subsequent changes in damages caused by invasive wild pigs in response to control.

RESULTS

Using a combination of wild pig population surveys, agricultural damage assessments, and environmental rooting surveys across 19 mixed forest‐agricultural properties in South Carolina, USA, we quantified changes in wild pig relative abundance and associated damages over a 3‐year period following implementation of a professional control program. Following implementation of control efforts, both the number of wild pig detections and estimated abundance decreased markedly. Within 24 months relative abundance was reduced by an average of ~70%, which resulted in a corresponding decline in environmental rooting damage by ~99%.

CONCLUSION

Our findings suggest that sustained wild pig control efforts can substantially reduce wild pig relative abundance, which in turn resulted in a reduction in environmental rooting damage by wild pigs. Ultimately this study will help fill critical knowledge gaps regarding the efficacy of wild pig control programs and the effort needed to reduce impacts to native ecosystems, livestock, and crops. © 2023 The Authors.Pest Management Sciencepublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Excess after stress—A three‐study validation of the salzburg stress drinking scale as a new tool to measure the stress–drinking relationship
Authors: Reichenberger Julia , van Alebeek Hannah , Messer Thomas , Blechert Jens
Published: July 2023

Stress frequently influences a person's propensity to drink alcohol. Inter‐individual differences in such stress‐related drinking can be assessed through psychometric scales; however, available questionnaires conflate stress‐ with emotion‐related reasons to drink and ignore evidence of decreased alcohol consumption in response to stress. Therefore, we developed a genuine stress–drinking scale (Salzburg Stress Drinking Scale; SSDS), adapted from the Salzburg Stress Eating Scale, and assessed its psychometric properties. In study 1 (n = 639), the SSDS was found to have a one‐factor structure, excellent internal consistency, and acceptable test‐retest reliability. SSDS scores were significantly correlated with other measures assessing emotional drinking, but uncorrelated with general alcohol pathology and other health‐relevant consummatory behaviors such as stress‐related eating or nicotine consumption. In addition, no significant sex differences arose. In study 2 (n = 42) patients with an alcohol use disorder or addiction scored significantly higher on the SSDS compared to healthy controls. In an Ecological Momentary Assessment study 3 (n = 67), the SSDS showed partial ecological validity through significant relationships with daily alcohol consumption, but not daily stress–drinking relationships. In sum, the SSDS represents a psychometrically sound tool for the measurement of stress‐related drinking and complements a battery of stress‐related changes in health‐relevant behaviors.
Transformations in the Religious and Moral Landscape in Europe?
Authors: Halman Loek , Sieben Inge
Published: July 2023

In this chapter, we investigate the claim of secularisation theory that the impact of religion on end-of-life moral issues such as abortion, euthanasia, and suicide in various regions in Europe has declined. We distinguish between five regions in Europe based on important historical and contemporary religious and secular characteristics: Northern, Western, Southern, and Eastern European countries and ex-Soviet countries. We further elaborate on the idea that religious beliefs and religious practices are separate aspects of religion. The analyses yield evidence for the relationship between both religious beliefs and end-of-life morality on the one hand and religious practices and end-of-life morality on the other. As expected, religious beliefs appear less strongly associated with this kind of morality than does religious attendance. Those who frequently attend religious services are clearly stricter than individuals who attend religious services less frequently or never. However, it must be acknowledged that the impact of religion on morality is not as strong as might have been anticipated; nor do the analyses provide strong evidence of declining levels in the impact of religion on morality. Moreover, we observe very heterogeneous patterns of change in both secularisation and end-of-life morality between regions and, within regions, between countries.
Feststellung des irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls in Deutschland – Umsetzung der Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer
Authors: Hoffmann Olaf , Salih Farid , Masuhr Florian
Published: July 2023

Hintergrund

Seit Inkrafttreten der 4. Fortschreibung der Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer gelten in Deutschland wesentliche neue Normierungen in der Diagnostik des irreversiblen Hirnfunktionsausfalls (IHA). Hierzu zählen die Qualifikationsanforderungen an die Untersucher, zugelassene Verfahren zur apparativen Zusatzdiagnostik und eine Präzisierung zur Abfolge der Prozessschritte.

Fragestellung

Untersuchung der Auswirkungen auf die Praxis der IHA-Feststellung.

Methodik

Deskriptive Auswertung der Dokumentation der Deutschen Stiftung Organtransplantation über IHA-Diagnostik im Vergleich der Zeiträume Juli 2011 bis Juni 2015 (3. Fortschreibung) und Juli 2015 bis Juni 2019 (4. Fortschreibung).

Ergebnisse

Die Zahl der erfassten Patienten sank von 6100 auf 5403. Die stärkste Abnahme betraf Krankenhäuser ohne Neurochirurgie. Kinder unter 14 Jahren waren nicht betroffen. Die klinische Diagnostik erfolgte ab Juli 2015 vermehrt im Bereitschaftsdienst durch externe neurologische Konsiliare. Zusatzdiagnostik erhielten nun 83,8 % der Patienten, zuvor 80,1 %. Die neu etablierte CTA wurde bei 23,2 % eingesetzt. Sie wies in 89,4 % den zerebralen Zirkulationsstillstand nach. Die Zeitdauer zwischen erstmaliger Feststellung der klinischen Ausfallzeichen und Feststellung des IHA stieg von 7,0 ± 12,7 h auf 8,2 ± 14,2 h. Der IHA wurde mit 95,3 % gegenüber 96,6 % geringfügig seltener festgestellt.

Diskussion

Die neuen Normierungen wurden richtlinienkonform umgesetzt. Der Bedarf an konsiliarischer Unterstützung durch Neurologen und Neurochirurgen sowie der Zeitbedarf für die IHA-Feststellung haben zugenommen. Negative Effekte auf die pädiatrische IHA-Diagnostik wurden nicht deutlich. Die CTA wird bei Erwachsenen als neues zusatzdiagnostisches Verfahren flächendeckend erfolgreich eingesetzt.