bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexões epistemológicas no ensino de ciências/química: as potencialidades da pedagogia científica de Bachelard
Authors: Andrade Da Ronch Sthefen Fernando , Danyluk Ocsana Sonia , Zoch Alana Neto
Published: September 2016

A atual evolução das mídias e das tecnologias tem facilitado o alcance de informações pelos alunos, contudo esse acesso à informação não remete a um acesso ao conhecimento, e acaba por gerar um desinteresse na Educação Escolar, vista tradicionalmente como meio de acesso a informação e ao conhecimento. A educação escolar tem então o desafio de se reinventar. Quando se fala do Ensino de Ciências/Química, a situação não é diferente, encontra-se um ensino desconexo e longe de algo que possa apresentar sentido de cultura científica para os alunos. A pedagogia científica de Bachelard, e suas discussões sobre o novo espírito cientifico, apresentam-se como uma prática de problematização sobre os objetos de estudo escolares. O novo espirito científico torna-se então um contributo para uma reorientação epistemológica na busca por um Ensino de Ciências com significado, sentido de cultura cientifica para os alunos com um viés de formação para a vida.
Aulas experimentais para um ensino de Química mais significativo
Authors: Lima José Ossian Gadelha de , Alves Idarlene Marcelino Rodrigues
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou identificar a opinião dos alunos do Ensino Médio sobre as aulas teóricas e as aulas práticas no aprendizado de Química. Para obtenção dos dados, foi aplicado um questionário a 226 alunos das três séries do Ensino Médio. Ao analisarmos as respostas, percebemos que os professores de Química desses alunos raramente desenvolvem uma didática baseada em aulas experimentais. Um Ensino de Química mais significativo, segundo os entrevistados, demanda mais aulas dessa natureza, pois tornam esta Ciência mais interessante e motivadora. Os alunos também salientaram a necessidade de um ensino mais contextualizado, com aulas apresentando maior clareza e objetividade.
Proposta de uma configuração para o ensino de Ciências comprometido com a ação política democrática
Authors: Coutinho Francisco Angelo , Figueiredo Kristianne Lina , Silva Fabio Augusto Rodrigues e
Published: September 2016

Este é um artigo teórico e programático que fixa relações entre a aprendizagem do conhecimento científico e a ação política democrática. Inicialmente, apresenta uma tendência na filosofia da educação que se preocupa com a aprendizagem de conteúdos e a vida social e política do estudante. Ao mesmo tempo, procura mostrar que, no caso do gerenciamento do conhecimento científico, a efetivação desta proposta é uma necessidade urgente, uma vez que a ciência produz e faz circular conhecimentos que têm profundos impactos na sociedade. Finalmente, delineia uma proposta metodológica para o tratamento do conhecimento científico e a ação política democrática. Questões sobre o aperfeiçoamento da proposta, sobre formação de professores e sobre os tempos e espaços para o exercício da democracia na escola são colocadas nas considerações finais.
Abordagens pedagógicas, Estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e Modalidades de uso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação: uma Análise de Cursos para Formação Continuada de Professores de Ciências
Authors: Wardenski Rosilaine De Fátima , Struchiner Miriam , Giannella Tais Rabetti
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho objetiva analisar ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem voltados para a formação continuada de professores de ciências. Utilizando-se um modelo de análise de materiais educativos baseados na Internet para o ensino de ciências, foram analisadas as abordagens pedagógicas, as estratégias de ensino/aprendizagem e as modalidades de uso das TICs de seis cursos. Cinco cursos apresentaram abordagens pedagógicas centradas nos alunos/aprendizagem, sendo identificadas as estratégias: aprender explorando (C2, C5 e C 6), aprender fazendo (C1, C2, C5 e C6), aprender refletindo (C1, C4, C5 e C6) e aprendizagem incidental (C6) . Um curso apresentou abordagem centrada no professor/ensino. Em relação ao uso das TICs, identificamos as modalidades: Acesso e organização da informação; Atividades autênticas e Aprendizagem colaborativa. Conclui-se que a integração de TICs na formação de professores pode potencializar o uso de abordagens para aprendizagem ativa e colaborativa, contribuindo para a melhoria do ensino de ciências.
Matemática na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: análise da produção científica do período 2004-2015
Authors: Silva Giane Correia , Teixeira Brandalise Mary Angela
Published: September 2016

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que teve um caráter de revisão sistemática de produções científicas sobre Matemática na Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA, publicadas no Brasil no período 2004-2015. No levantamento realizado, em meio eletrônico, foram localizados 68 trabalhos, os quais foram organizadas conforme a natureza, o ano de publicação, a instituição de origem, o título e a autoria. Na sequência foram agrupados conforme a similaridade dos temas de pesquisa, procedimento que originou cinco categorias: atuação e prática do professor de matemática, ensino de Estatística, ensino de Matemática, formação de professores de Matemática e currículo de Matemática. A organização de todos os resumos em único corpus textual e a análise de conteúdo no software IRAMUTEQ, possibilitou as análises lexicográficas e de similitude, evidenciando a concentração das pesquisas sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de matemática na EJA, com poucas produções sobre currículo e ensino de estatística.Palavras-chave: matemática, educação de jovens e adultos - EJA, revisão sistemática.
Ensino de estatística e tecnologias da informação e comunicação: entre a docência e o desenvolvimento de recursos tecnológicos
Authors: Budek Dias Cristiane De Fatima , Dos Santos Junior Guataçara
Published: September 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as discussões realizadas em um encontro com professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em que os mesmos foram convidados a participar do processo de desenvolvimento de um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem – AVA para o ensino de Estatística. O estudo de cunho qualitativo e interpretativo, é parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado em andamento, sendo que, neste escrito são apontadas algumas das percepções preliminares com tal prática.  Dessa forma, as considerações sobre os fatos ocorridos e sobre as atitudes dos docentes observadas no encontro foram elencadas em categorias que evidenciam: i) atitudes docentes em relação às TIC; ii) atitudes em relação à análise e a coparticipação na construção do AVA; iii) concepções e atitudes em relação à Estatística e Probabilidade; iv) percepções sobre as ferramentas do AVA. O caminho percorrido nesse primeiro encontro com os professores revelou muitos obstáculos, tanto na compreensão da proposta como nas compreensões a respeito da Estatística e Probabilidade, sugerindo que processos de formação continuada que se atentem mais aos aspectos da autonomia do professor e dos saberes básicos da docência na atualidade, sejam priorizados.
Concrete manufactured with crushed asphalt as partial replacement of natural aggregates
Authors: Coppola L. , Kara P. , Lorenzi S.
Published: September 2016

The paper focuses on the reuse of crushed asphalt (GA) as a partial replacement (up to 20%) of natural aggregates for concrete manufacture. Addition of GA aggregates produced a positive effect on workability loss. The GA mixes, however, showed a significant tendency to bleed and segregate at the highest replacement percentage applied. GA led to a decrease of compressive strength in concrete (with respect to that of the reference concrete) up to 50% due to the weakness of the cement paste / recycled aggregate interface. To compensate for this negative effect, a reduction of w/c for the GA concretes was necessary. A decrease of w/c allowed the GA concretes to show drying shrinkage values substantially similar to those of reference concrete with the same cement factor. The experimental results confirmed the possibility of partial substitution (max. 15%) of natural aggregates with crushed asphalt for making concrete.
QUANTIFYING ACTIVE CONTOUR MODEL (ACM) SEGMENTED REGION USING EDGE-LINKING AND REGION-FILLING ALGORITHM (ERA)
Authors: Chen Po-Chou , Chiou Yan-Ru , Chen Yung-Fu , Jao Jo-Chi
Published: September 2016

Active contour model (ACM) algorithm is an effective and accurate method to segment out the regions of interest (ROIs) and has been widely used in many clinical imaging systems. In addition to segmenting out the lesion contour, how to accurately quantify the area/volume of the lesion is also important and challenging. Some quantification methods performed manually are time-consuming. To increase the accuracy and efficiency in quantifying the ACM segmented regions, a simple, straightforward, accurate and efficient automatic region quantification method with edge-linking and region-filling algorithm (ERA) for the ACM segmented regions was developed. Three types of computer simulated images, namely closed contour simulated images (CCSIs), discrete contour simulated images (DCSIs) and intact region simulated images (IRSIs) were created to evaluate the accuracy of the region-filling process, edge-linking process and ERA after ACM image segmentation process, respectively. Furthermore, the results of ERA were compared with those of the direct subtraction method (DSM). The ERA was also applied to quantify the area/volume of an irregularly-shaped lymphoma in a MR brain image. The results showed that the average percentage errors on the region-filling process, edge-linking process and ERA (0%, 0.03% and 7.52%, respectively) were significantly lower than those of DSM (15.85%, 15.08% and 20.36%, respectively) in quantifying the ROIs. The application of ERA to quantify the area/volume of an irregularly-shaped lymphoma in a MR brain image was successfully demonstrated. In conclusions, ERA outperforms the DSM in quantifying the area/volume of ACM segmented regions and might increase the efficiency and accuracy in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
ADAPTED BIT-PLANE PROBABILITY AND WAVELET-BASED ULCER DETECTION IN WIRELESS CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY IMAGES
Authors: Salehpour Pedram , Bahar Hossein Balazadeh , Karimian Ghader , Ebrahimnezhad Hossein
Published: September 2016

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) has been proven to be a robust technology which is able to ease diagnosing the GI tract diseases. It can be seen that a better computational algorithm is needed to analyze WCE images. Ulcer is one of the several diseases which are diagnosed using these images. Non-uniform lighting can complicate the detection process because it can change the color of tissue and make it seem darker or lighter than usual. This change of color makes the detection harder as the main feature of detecting ulcer as the color of the tissue. In this research work, adapted bit-planes are used to detect useful areas in images and then two sets of features, bit-plane probability and wavelet-based features, were extracted from the detected areas and used to classify them. Experimental results demonstrate a promising ground for further analysis of the channel-based bit-plane data and wavelet-based features.
The Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts Drives T Cell Survival and Inflammation in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Durning Sean P. , Preston-Hurlburt Paula , Clark Paul R. , Xu Ding , Herold Kevan C. ,   Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group
Published: September 2016

The ways in which environmental factors participate in the progression of autoimmune diseases are not known. After initiation, it takes years before hyperglycemia develops in patients at risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D). The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a scavenger receptor of the Ig family that binds damage-associated molecular patterns and advanced glycated endproducts and can trigger cell activation. We previously found constitutive intracellular RAGE expression in lymphocytes from patients with T1D. In this article, we show that there is increased RAGE expression in T cells from at-risk euglycemic relatives who progress to T1D compared with healthy control subjects, and in the CD8+ T cells in the at-risk relatives who do versus those who do not progress to T1D. Detectable levels of the RAGE ligand high mobility group box 1 were present in serum from at-risk subjects and patients with T1D. Transcriptome analysis of RAGE+ versus RAGE− T cells from patients with T1D showed differences in signaling pathways associated with increased cell activation and survival. Additional markers for effector memory cells and inflammatory function were elevated in the RAGE+ CD8+ cells of T1D patients and at-risk relatives of patients before disease onset. These studies suggest that expression of RAGE in T cells of subjects progressing to disease predates dysglycemia. These findings imply that RAGE expression enhances the inflammatory function of T cells, and its increased levels observed in T1D patients may account for the chronic autoimmune response when damage-associated molecular patterns are released after cell injury and killing.
Speak with one voice! Towards an ecumenical ethics applicable to the church-state dialogue in South Africa
Authors: Vorster Koos
Published: September 2016

This research deals with the question of whether an ecumenical ethics can be developed in South Africa that at least will be applicable in the field of political ethics and that can assist the various ecclesiastical traditions to ‘speak with one voice’ when they address the government on matters of Christian ethical concern. The research rests on the recognition of the variety of ethical persuasions and points of view that flow from the variety of hermeneutical approaches to Scripture. However, within this plethora of ethical discourses, an ‘overlapping’ ethics based on a proposed set of minimum theological ideas can be pursued in order to reach at least an outline of an applicable ecumenical political ethics conducive to the church–state dialogue in South Africa today. The article concludes that a ‘minimum consensus’ on the role of revelation in the moral discourses is possible and is enriched by traditional ideas such as creation and natural law, the reign of God and Christology, and it can provide a suitable common ground for an ecumenical ethics applicable to the moral difficulties in the political domain in South Africa today.
Trends analysis of PM source contributions and chemical tracers in NE Spain
during 2004–2014: a multi-exponential approach
Authors: Pandolfi Marco , Alastuey Andrés , Pérez Noemi , Reche Cristina , Castro Iria , Shatalov Victor , Querol Xavier
Published: September 2016

Abstract. In this work for the first time data from two twin stations (Barcelona, urban background, and Montseny, regional background), located in the northeast (NE) of Spain, were used to study the trends of the concentrations of different chemical species in PM10 and PM2.5 along with the trends of the PM10 source contributions from the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Eleven years of chemical data (2004–2014) were used for this study. Trends of both species concentrations and source contributions were studied using the Mann–Kendall test for linear trends and a new approach based on multi-exponential fit of the data. Despite the fact that different PM fractions (PM2.5, PM10) showed linear decreasing trends at both stations, the contributions of specific sources of pollutants and of their chemical tracers showed exponential decreasing trends. The different types of trends observed reflected the different effectiveness and/or time of implementation of the measures taken to reduce the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants. Moreover, the trends of the contributions of specific sources such as those related with industrial activities and with primary energy consumption mirrored the effect of the financial crisis in Spain from 2008. The sources that showed statistically significant downward trends at both Barcelona (BCN) and Montseny (MSY) during 2004–2014 were secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, and V–Ni-bearing source. The contributions from these sources decreased exponentially during the considered period, indicating that the observed reductions were not gradual and consistent over time. Conversely, the trends were less steep at the end of the period compared to the beginning, thus likely indicating the attainment of a lower limit. Moreover, statistically significant decreasing trends were observed for the contributions to PM from the industrial/traffic source at MSY (mixed metallurgy and road traffic) and from the industrial (metallurgy mainly) source at BCN. These sources were clearly linked with anthropogenic activities, and the observed decreasing trends confirmed the effectiveness of pollution control measures implemented at European or regional/local levels. Conversely, at regional level, the contributions from sources mostly linked with natural processes, such as aged marine and aged organics, did not show statistically significant trends. The trends observed for the PM10 source contributions reflected the trends observed for the chemical tracers of these pollutant sources well.
Modelling long-term impacts of mountain pine beetle outbreaks on
merchantable biomass, ecosystem carbon, albedo, and radiative forcing
Authors: Landry Jean-Sébastien , Parrott Lael , Price David T. , Ramankutty Navin , Matthews H. Damon
Published: September 2016

Abstract. The ongoing major outbreak of mountain pine beetle (MPB) in forests of western North America has led to considerable research efforts. However, many questions remain unaddressed regarding its long-term impacts, especially when accounting for the range of possible responses from the non-target vegetation (i.e., deciduous trees and lower-canopy shrubs and grasses). We used the Integrated BIosphere Simulator (IBIS) process-based ecosystem model along with the recently incorporated Marauding Insect Module (MIM) to quantify, over 240 years, the impacts of various MPB outbreak regimes on lodgepole pine merchantable biomass, ecosystem carbon, surface albedo, and the net radiative forcing on global climate caused by the changes in ecosystem carbon and albedo. We performed simulations for three locations in British Columbia, Canada, with different climatic conditions, and four scenarios of various coexisting vegetation types with variable growth release responses. The impacts of MPB outbreaks on merchantable biomass (decrease) and surface albedo (increase) were similar across the 12 combinations of locations and vegetation coexistence scenarios. The impacts on ecosystem carbon and radiative forcing, however, varied substantially in magnitude and sign, depending upon the presence and response of the non-target vegetation, particularly for the two locations not subjected to growing-season soil moisture stress; this variability represents the main finding from our study. Despite major uncertainty in the value of the resulting radiative forcing, a simple analysis also suggested that the MPB outbreak in British Columbia will have a smaller impact on global temperature over the coming decades and centuries than a single month of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production. Moreover, we found that (1) outbreak severity (i.e., per-event mortality) had a stronger effect than outbreak return interval on the variables studied, (2) MPB-induced changes in carbon dynamics had a stronger effect than concurrent changes in albedo on net radiative forcing, and (3) the physical presence of MPB-killed dead standing trees was potentially beneficial to tree regrowth. Given that the variability of pre-outbreak vegetation characteristics can lead to very different regeneration pathways, the four vegetation coexistence scenarios we simulated probably only sampled the range of possible responses.
Analysis of Effect Macro Variable on International Trade of Indonesia
Authors: Octavia Evania Rahma , Wulandari Dwi
Published: September 2016

This study aims to determine the effect of macro variables which include Indonesia's real gross domestic income, money supply, consumer price index and interest rates on international trade mediated by the exchange rate of rupiah against the dollar. This type of research is descriptive research with quantitative approach. Determination of the sample based on quarterly time series data 2010-2014. This study uses path analysis. The results showed domestic gross product, the money supply, and interest rates together  have a significant effect on the exchange rate but the consumer price index do not have significant effect on the exchange rate. The results also show that the exchange rate has no significant effect on imports and exports.
Investigating the Effect of Education on Self-Care among Chronic Heart Failure Patients Admitted to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital of Ilam
Authors: Qavam Samira Miss , Sahebi Ali , Shohani Masoumeh , Balavandi Firoz , Qavam Ramak , Tavan Hamed
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND: Congestive heart failure is a common cause of hospitalization. If patients can adhere to self-care behaviors, the progression of the disease can be prevented. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of education on self-care in chronic heart failure patients admitted to Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital of Ilam in 2016.

METHODS: This study is of intervention typeand 40 patient’s sufferingfrom heart failure were selected. Research tools include a standard indicator questionnaire for measuring self-care by patients. The questionnaire contains 22 questions about their certainty ofself-care. Four point Likert scale was used for scoring and SPSS V.19 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS: The sample consisted of 16 men (40%) and 24 women (60%) most of which were married (75%). The statistical correlation between the total score of self-care behavior before and after education was significant (P VALUE = 0.003), which shows that the education conducted on the patients was effective and caused more scores in all areas.

CONCLUSION: Self-care behavior can be attained and spread through education. It is recommended that the patients suffering are given enough information about their diet and activities after their discharge from hospital.
A Critical Look at “Marketing, Consumption, and Society” by Anti-Consumerists: A Qualitative and Interdisciplinary Model of Anti-Consumerism
Authors: Basci Emre
Published: September 2016

The main purpose of the article is to provide the literature of anti-consumerism with a model, as well as a fresh definition of anti-consumption, based on the research findings. The study utilizes the grounded theory methodology developed by Glaser & Strauss (1967) and the causative, teleological, and behavioral nature of anti-consumerism are presented with the qualitative model. The findings show that there are no noticeable differences among Turkish anti-consumerists in terms of philosophy, values, and ideology. However, it was observed that individuals display different amounts of anti-consumerist behavior in varying degrees of intensity. When the reasons for anti-consumption are examined, it has been found that these reasons can be divided into three kinds—personal, social, and societal. Another finding is that the anti-consumerist transformation conforms to the development tasks described by Havighurst (1972). Young individuals trying to fit in with the dynamics of the social group also try to find their own unique identities with teachings and awareness on macro and micro scales, eventually turning into anti-consumerists.
Experiential Consumption and Customer Satisfaction: Moderating Effects of Perceived Values
Authors: Li Lung-Yu , Lee Long-Yuan
Published: September 2016

Perceived value has also been studied to investigate what consumers really want and how to reach their mind over the past decade. Marketers recently had made efforts to integrate the concept of perceived value into experiential marketing strategy. The key of perceived value is to understand not only how they satisfied with the product they purchased, but also how they felt the service they were involved in. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between experiential consumption and customer satisfaction toward consumers in the resort hotel industry. Applying perceived value as a moderator, the study further examine the level of effect on the relationship between experiential consumption and customer satisfaction. Using purposive sampling method, data was collected from 378 subjects through the self-administrated questionnaire. The result indicated that all dimensions of experiential consumption had positive effect on customer satisfaction. Both dimensions of perceived value, in addition, showed positive effects on customer satisfaction. Perceived value was proven to have partially moderating effects on the relationship between experiential consumption and customer satisfaction. Suggestions and managerial implications were discussed in the study, and would provide contribution both to the body of knowledge in the filed of marketing management.
The Influence of Cognitive Innovativeness on the Behavior and Style of Consumer Adoption: Implications for Electronic-Banking Service Adoption
Authors: Nasiri Zarandi Hossein , Lotfizadeh Fereshteh
Published: September 2016

Cognitive Innovative consumers are an important market segment for marketers. Revenue from new products adopted by innovative consumers plays a pivotal role for many firms. Hence having a correct understanding from the behavior and style of their purchase helps the firms to create and implement effective marketing plans for the new products. The current study investigates the behavior and shopping style of cognitive innovative consumers in electronic banking services through a hierarchical perspective. This research is quantitative and is practical in terms of the purpose. Yet it is a field study in terms of data gathering. The statistical population of this research includes the students of Azad University of Qazvin in Iran and the sample size is 384 persons. The resulted findings from this research, verify the hierarchy perspective of consumer innovativeness, specially the fact that cognitive innovativeness and domain-specific innovativeness are the best combination of predicting the adoption of new product behavior. Moreover the adoption behavior of these consumers follows the quality consciousness style. Results show that banks should target the cognitive innovative customers in order to have a successful marketing in regards with attracting customers and increasing the revenues from selling the electronic banking services.
Rozpoznawanie śródmiąższowych chorób płuc
Authors: Rowińska-Zakrzewska Ewa
Published: September 2016

W pojęciu rozlanych śródmiąższowych chorób płuc mieszczą się jednostki chorobowe o nieznanej przyczynie oraz zmiany wtórne w stosunku do innych czynników [...]
Pulmonary Embolism in a Young Male with Tuberculosis and Factor V Leiden
Authors: Skowroński Marcin , Elikowski Waldemar , Halicka Anna , Barinow-Wojewódzki Aleksander
Published: September 2016

There is no doubt that venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complex and multicausal disease. Tuberculosis (TB) itself is found to have thrombogenic potential. There is an association between tuberculosis and VTE. We present a case of a 31-year-old male diagnosed with TB after a 2-month delay. He was treated with an anticoagulant for pulmonary embolism (PE) complicated by pulmonary infarction, and with antibiotics for presumed bacterial pneumonia. The patient did not improve despite in-hospital treatment. Finally, TB was diagnosed with positive sputum smear for acid fast bacilli and subsequent culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antituberculous therapy was uneventful and the patient was discharged home. Thrombophilia screening revealed a heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation. This case report emphasises that although there is a steady decline in active cases of TB, it should be still placed high on the list as a differential diagnosis in non-resolving lung infection or pulmonary infarction. This is especially relevant in cases with typical radiological findings located in the upper lobes. On the other hand, definitive diagnosis may be challenging in a case of concurrent TB, bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary infarction. Thromboembolic events may develop in TB patients without any clinical VTE risk factors. Therefore, thromboprophylaxis should be cautiously considered in this group of patients.
Rola Lekarza Pierwszego Kontaktu w Leczeniu Astmy
Authors: Kuna Piotr
Published: September 2016

Astma oskrzelowa jest obecnie najczęstszą chorobą przewlekłą występującą u dzieci i u osób do 40. roku życia [...]
Chory na Przewlekłą Obturacyjną Chorobę Płuc (POChP) w Opiece Lekarza Rodzinnego
Authors: Jassem Ewa
Published: September 2016

Polskie Towarzystwo Chorób Płuc definiuje przewlekłą obturacyjną chorobę płuc (POChP) jako powszechnie występującą przewlekłą choro-bę poddającą się profilaktyce i leczeniu [...]
(Re)configuração curricular no processo de formação de professores e suas relações
Authors: Machado Liliane Campos
Published: September 2016

Esse artigo resulta de uma investigação cujo objeto de pesquisa é o currículo e a formação de professores. Enfocamos algumas reflexões sobre um currículo para a formação de professores por acreditarmos que essa é um espaço para a construção curricular. A questão norteadora desse trabalho de pesquisa foi “Como o processo de formação de professores e suas relações produzem determinadas configurações de currículos?”. Objetivamos com esse estudo investigar a formação de professores como um espaço de construção curricular. Privilegiou-se a abordagem qualitativa na perspectiva histórico-cultural. O estudo evidenciou que o desenvolvimento curricular está diretamente relacionado ao desenvolvimento da formação do professor no que se refere aos saberes e as práticas.
A missão educacional ao Uruguai: o que dizem os jornais A Federação e o Correio do Povo
Authors: Michel Caroline Braga , Arriada Eduardo
Published: September 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a missão educacional encaminhada ao Uruguai pelo governador do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Antonio Augusto Borges de Medeiros, foi abordada na imprensa sul-rio-grandense. Para tanto, trabalhamos com as edições dos anos de 1913 e 1914 de dois periódicos: A Federação e o Correio do Povo. A análise das reportagens evidenciou um interesse das autoridades governamentais em noticiar por meio dos periódicos locais, o andamento da missão educacional enviada ao país vizinho. Para além do interesse da possibilidade real de alavancar a educação sul-rio-grandense, o governo republicano buscava também vender a imagem de uma administração moderna, eficiente e preocupada com os rumos a serem tomados pelo Estado.
Influências do Ensino Médio nas perspectivas de futuro de seus estudantes
Authors: Faleiro Wender , Puentes Roberto Valdes , Aragão Milena Cristina
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer a percepção que os estudantes do Ensino Médio de Uberlândia, MG possuem sobre a influência da escola em suas vidas. O estudo foi realizado em sete escolas, com 1.040 alunos de todos os três níveis de seriação do Ensino Médio. Para a maioria dos alunos entrevistados a escola representa algum tipo de “mudança” positiva e, para muitos, a única finalidade da escola é melhorar as possibilidades de empregabilidade. Por outro lado, muitos demonstram estarem mais conscientes da importância das relações interpessoais, da valorização das diferenças e da diversidade cultural, e querem ter mais voz e espaços no processo educativo. Os jovens estão ansiosos por uma escola que lhes proporcione chances mínimas de trabalho e que se relacione com suas experiências presentes.
A crise do capital e a relação com a educação brasileira
Authors: Rafael Ivania Maria De Sousa Carvalho , Ribeiro Luis Távora Furtado , Segundo Maria das Dores Mendes
Published: September 2016

Este estudo trata da relação entre a crise do capital e a educação brasileira tendo como objetivo compreender a real função desempenhada pela educação profissional e seus desdobramentos na formação docente, no contexto atual através de um estudo teórico-bibliográfico embasado em autores que dão importância ao tema. Compreende-se a educação como um complexo advindo da categoria trabalho e, por ser também uma das instâncias da sociedade, contribui direta e indiretamente com o capitalismo através da formação de mão de obra para o mercado. Conclui-se que uma educação mesmo nos moldes do capital, pode desenvolver suas aspirações emancipadoras através de intercâmbio de processos de educação mais amplo como a própria vida e os setores que não estão ligados diretamente à educação.
O trabalho colaborativo na escola: o uso da tecnologia assistiva
Authors: Givigi Rosana Carla Do Nascimento , Silva Raquel Souza , Alcântara Juliana Nascimento de , Souza Thais Alves de , Ralin Vera Lucia Oliveira
Published: September 2016

Este trabalho se dispôs a pensar o processo de escolarização dos sujeitos com deficiência a partir de ações-intervenções realizadas na escola, possibilitadas pelo trabalho colaborativo. Objetivou-se descrever as ações respaldadas na Política da Educação Especial na Perspectiva Inclusiva e como estas impulsionaram o processo educacional dos sujeitos com deficiência. Dessa forma, respaldou-se metodologicamente na pesquisa-ação sob perspectiva crítico-colaborativa . Participaram da pesquisa cinco escolas da rede pública regular que possuíam matriculados sujeitos com deficiência. Como resultados destaca-se o acesso ao currículo mais inclusivo mediante a adaptação de diversos recursos pedagógicos através da implementação da Tecnologia Assistiva e da Comunicação Alternativa. Dessa forma, mostrou-se a necessidade de reorientar as práticas vigentes e buscar novos subsídios que possibilitem delinear uma escola verdadeiramente inclusiva.
Effects of grip force on median nerve deformation at different wrist angles
Authors: Loh Ping Yeap , Nakashima Hiroki , Muraki Satoshi
Published: September 2016

The present study investigated the effects of grip on changes in the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) and median nerve diameter in the radial-ulnar direction (D1) and dorsal-palmar direction (D2) at three wrist angles. Twenty-nine healthy participants (19 men [mean age, 24.2 ± 1.6 years]; 10 women [mean age, 24.0 ± 1.6 years]) were recruited. The median nerve was examined at the proximal carpal tunnel region in three grip conditions, namely finger relaxation, unclenched fist, and clenched fist. Ultrasound examinations were performed in the neutral wrist position (0°), at 30°wrist flexion, and at 30°wrist extension for both wrists. The grip condition and wrist angle showed significant main effects (p< 0.01) on the changes in the MNCSA, D1, and D2. Furthermore, significant interactions (p< 0.01) were found between the grip condition and wrist angle for the MNCSA, D1, and D2. In the neutral wrist position (0°), significant reductions in the MNCSA, D1, and D2 were observed when finger relaxation changed to unclenched fist and clenched fist conditions. Clenched fist condition caused the highest deformations in the median nerve measurements (MNCSA, approximately −25%; D1, −13%; D2, −12%). The MNCSA was significantly lower at 30°wrist flexion and 30°wrist extension than in the neutral wrist position (0°) at unclenched fist and clenched fist conditions. Notably, clenched fist condition at 30°wrist flexion showed the highest reduction of the MNCSA (−29%). In addition, 30°wrist flexion resulted in a lower D1 at clenched fist condition. In contrast, 30°wrist extension resulted in a lower D2 at both unclenched fist and clenched fist conditions. Our results suggest that unclenched fist and clenched fist conditions cause reductions in the MNCSA, D1, and D2. More importantly, unclenched fist and clenched fist conditions at 30°wrist flexion and 30°wrist extension can lead to further deformation of the median nerve.
Proposal of Perihilar Surrounding Area in Relation to Regional Lymphadenectomy in Selected Patients With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Gotohda Naoto , Kato Yuichiro , Takahashi Shinichiro , Konishi Masaru
Published: September 2016

Lymph node (LN) metastasis is well recognized as a poor prognostic factor in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC); however, the efficacy of LN dissection for ICC remains unclear. We clarify a targeted papulation of ICC to evaluate it in this study. A retrospective study of patients who underwent liver resection without the extrahepatic bile duct for ICC was conducted. The pattern of LN recurrence and the location of the primary tumor were evaluated. Between January 2003 and July 2014, 52 patients with ICC underwent surgery. Fourteen patients had LN recurrence, 6 of whom had LN recurrence only. Excluding patients with LN dissection at surgery, the primary tumor was limited to the perihilar surrounding area in patients with LN recurrence only. Recurrence rate in LNs was 50% in patients with primary tumors originating in the perihilar surrounding area, which was significantly higher than the rate of 13% in patients with primary tumors originating in other areas. Primary tumors in the perihilar surrounding area have a high risk of LN recurrence. Regional lymphadenectomy combined with hepatectomy should be carried out in patients with ICC located in this area. The incidence of LN metastasis and the possibility of preventing LN recurrence could be effectively revealed by regional lymphadenectomy in selected patients.
Structural similarities and differences in H‐NS family proteins revealed by the N‐terminal structure of TurB in Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Suzuki‐Minakuchi Chiho , Kawazuma Kohei , Matsuzawa Jun , Vasileva Delyana , Fujimoto Zui , Terada Tohru , Okada Kazunori , Nojiri Hideaki
Published: September 2016

H‐NS family proteins play key roles in bacterial nucleoid compaction and global transcription. MvaT homologues in Pseudomonas have almost negligible amino acid sequence identity with H‐NS, but can complement an hns‐related phenotype of Escherichia coli. Here, we report the crystal structure of the N‐terminal dimerization/oligomerization domain of TurB, an MvaT homologue in Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Our data identify two dimerization sites; the structure of the central dimerization site is almost the same as the corresponding region of H‐NS, whereas the terminal dimerization sites are different. Our results reveal similarities and differences in dimerization and oligomerization mechanisms between H‐NS and TurB.
Do strong warm ENSO events control the phase of the stratospheric QBO?
Authors: Christiansen Bo , Yang Shuting , Madsen Marianne Sloth
Published: September 2016

Although there in general are no significant long‐term correlations between the quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in observations, we find that the QBO and the ENSO were aligned in the 3 to 4 years after the three warm ENSO events in 1982, 1997, and 2015. We investigate this indicated relationship with a version of the EC‐Earth climate model which includes nonorographic gravity waves. We analyze the modeled QBO in ensembles forced with climatological sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and observed SSTs. In the ensemble with observed SSTs we find a strong and significant alignment of the ensemble members in the equatorial stratospheric winds in the 2 to 4 years after the strong ENSO event in 1997. This alignment also includes the observed QBO. No such alignment is found in the ensemble with climatological SSTs. These results indicate that strong warm ENSO events can lock the phase of the QBO.
Occurrence of EMIC waves and plasmaspheric plasmas derived from THEMIS observations in the outer magnetosphere: Revisit
Authors: Kim Gi‐Jeong , Kim Khan‐Hyuk , Lee Dong‐Hun , Kwon Hyuck‐Jin , Park Jong‐Sun
Published: September 2016

We have statistically studied the relationship between electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and cold plasmaspheric plasma (Nsp) in the L range of 6–12 using the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) data for 2008–2011. The important observational results are as follows: (1) Under quiet geomagnetic conditions (Kp ≤ 1), the maximum occurrence rate of the hydrogen (H) band EMIC waves appears in the early morning sector (0600–0900 MLT) at the outermost region (L= 10–12). (2) Under moderate and disturbed conditions (Kp ≥ 2), the H‐band occurrence rate is higher in the morning‐to‐early‐afternoon sector for L > 10. (3) The high‐occurrence region of helium (He) band waves for Kp ≤ 1 varies from L = 7 to 12 in radial distances along the local time (i.e., at L ∼ 7 near noon and at L= 8–12 near late afternoon). (4) The He‐band waves for Kp ≥ 2 are mainly localized between 1200 and 1800 MLT with a peak around 1500–1600 MLT at L= 8–10. (5) Nsp is much higher for the He‐band intervals than for the H‐band intervals by a factor of 10 or more. The He‐band high occurrence appears at a steep Nsp gradient region. (6) The morning‐afternoon asymmetry of the normalized frequency seen both in H‐band and He‐band is similar to the asymmetric distribution of Nsp along the local time. These observations indicate that the cold plasma density plays a significant role in determining the spectral properties of EMIC waves. We discuss whether a morning‐afternoon asymmetry of the EMIC wave properties can be explained by the spatial distribution of cold plasmaspheric plasma.
Overexpression of COP9 signalosome subunits, CSN7A and CSN7B, exerts different effects on adipogenic differentiation
Authors: Huang Xiaohua , Ordemann Jürgen , Pratschke Johann , Dubiel Wolfgang
Published: September 2016

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an essential regulator of cullin‐RING‐ubiquitin (Ub) ligases (CRLs), which ubiquitinate important cellular regulators and target them for degradation by the Ub proteasome system (UPS). The CSN exhibits deneddylating activity localized on subunit CSN5, which removes the ubiquitin‐like protein Nedd8 from the cullins of CRLs. CSN‐mediated deneddylation is an important step in the process of CRL remodeling, in which new substrate recognition units are incorporated into Ub ligases to meet changed requirements for proteolysis in cells. For instance, extensive CRL remodeling occurs during adipogenic differentiation when new CRL3s are formed. Diversification of CSN complexes during evolution is most likely another adaptation to meet different cellular requirements. Best known CSN variants are formed by different CSN subunit isoforms. For instance, in plant cells, isoforms have been identified for the MPN‐domain subunits CSN5 (CSN5A and CSN5B) and CSN6 (CSN6A and CSN6B) which form four distinct CSN variants. In mammalian cells CSNCSN7A and CSNCSN7B variants are generated by CSN7 isoforms. We demonstrate that the two variants coexist in human LiSa‐2 cells and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. During adipogenic differentiation of LiSa‐2 cells CSN7B increases in parallel with an elevation of the total CSN complex. Permanent overexpression of Flag‐CSN7B but not of Flag‐CSN7A accelerates adipogenesis in LiSa‐2 cells indicating a specific function of the CSNCSN7B variant in stimulating adipogenesis. Silencing of CSN7A as well as of CSN7B in LiSa‐2 cells and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) reduces adipogenic differentiation demonstrating that both CSNCSN7A and CSNCSN7B variants are involved in the process.
Self‐Control Success Revealed: Greater Approach Motivation Towards Healthy versus Unhealthy Food
Authors: Cheung Tracy , Gillebaart Marleen , Kroese Floor , de Ridder Denise
Published: September 2016

Deviating from existing literature on self‐control failure the current research examines self‐control success and the role of motivation. Functional research suggests people visually perceive objects to be bigger when they are motivated to approach them. Using the size perception task, participants estimated the size of a healthy and an unhealthy food object that were identical in size. In the current research we simulated a reflective state vs. impulsive state using an ego‐depletion manipulation in Study 1 and a cognitive load manipulation in Study 2. Results from both studies revealed that participants in a reflective state (vs. impulsive state) assigned increased size estimations to the healthy food item compared to the unhealthy food item. Current findings demonstrate greater approach motivation towards a ‘virtue’ (i.e., healthy food) as a mechanism that underlies self‐control success, suggesting that successful self‐control involves initiating approach towards a virtue rather than inhibiting a vice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Stage Method for Fabricating Superhydrophobic Stainless Steel Surface and Its Anti‐Corrosion Performance
Authors: Gao Liguo , Yang Shuzhang , Yang Hongjing , Ma Tingli
Published: September 2016

One‐stage preparation of superhydrophobic stainless steel surface is achieved by combining chemical etching and assembly. The contact angle of the prepared surface reaches as high as 175°. The correlative mechanism between the contact angle and surface morphology is elucidated from the dynamics perspective by controlling reaction conditions. The optimum reaction conditions are then determined. Experimental results demonstrate that the stainless steel surface achieves optimal water contact angle upon the formation of the “honeycomb” 3D network structure. Electrochemical corrosion test shows that the prepared superhydrophobic stainless steel surface possesses 16 times higher corrosion resistance than common stainless steel surface.
Programmed Emission Transformations: Negative‐to‐Positive Patterning Using the Decay‐to‐Recovery Behavior of Quantum Dots
Authors: Malak Sidney T. , Smith Marcus J. , Yoon Young Jun , Lin Chun Hao , Jung Jaehan , Lin Zhiqun , Tsukruk Vladimir V.
Published: September 2016

Positive and negative photoluminescent photopattern contrasts arising from intrinsic modification of quantum dot (QD) emission (decay or recovery) upon exposure to light are reported. The ability to fabricate a variety of photo­pattern types using a single type of quantum dot is due to a two‐step decay‐to‐recovery evolution upon light exposure. It is shown that high‐contrast photopatterns spanning mm2 areas can be fabricated within seconds with a facile one‐step process, representing a drastic reduction in the time required to develop an emissive pattern in a QD‐polymer film (from hours to seconds). Furthermore, the controlled light exposure allows for a programmed transformation of the emissive pattern contrast, with a reversal of the bright/dark regions of the QD‐polymer photopattern demonstrated. Finally, it is shown that the photopatterns can be stored over a period of time and then “recharged” using simple light exposure to partially recover the intensity and contrast of aged photopatterns. The outlined patterning strategies open up new pathways for facile, one‐step parallel fabrication of anti‐counterfeiting emitting labels and light sensors, as well as for gain‐loss parity‐time systems where an emission contrast is required but where physical patterning may not be appropriate.