bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A propósito del edificio identificado como el xenodochium de Masona en Mérida. Aspectos cronológicos y funcionales.
Authors: Mateos Cruz Pedro
Published: March 2022

Tras la publicación en 1995 de un trabajo en el que se planteaba la identificación de un edificio excavado en las proximidades del conjunto arquitectónico de Sta. Eulalia, en Mérida, como el xenodochium construido por el obispo Masona a finales del s. VI, se han venido señalando por parte de algunos autores objeciones relacionadas con la cronología del edificio y con su función específica. En este artículo presentamos los datos arqueológicos que confirman su adscripción cronológica a época visigoda y apuntamos algunos argumentos para continuar identificando el edificio con una construcción de tipo monástico, relacionada con Sta. Eulalia que, según el libro de las Vitae Sanctorum Patrum Emeritensium escrito a lo largo del s. VII, acogió a peregrinos y enfermos pobres de la ciudad.
Experiencing Freedom and Responsibility in the Educational Process
Authors: Rebes Marcin
Published: March 2022

In what follows I discuss the problem of constructing individual identity through experiencing freedom and responsibility. Self-determination and self-realization are important elements that complement human identity. On the way to selfrealization, however, fear and anxiety occur due to permanent and global transformations of the cultural, social and political environment. It evokes a reluctance to make decisions, to take the risk of being oneself, the risk that comes in conjunction with meeting another person. Fear affects the perception of oneself and others. Thus, it is necessary to look at this phenomenon through the prism of experiencing one’s own freedom and responsibility for oneself and others, and to try to inculcate in a young person the desire to overcome this feeling of fear and anxiety often experienced in the modern world. The aim of philosophical pedagogy is to awaken in a person the desire to be oneself despite these feelings. It is a very difficult but essential challenge. Therefore, based on Tischner’s and Bollnow’s philosophy of encountering the other, I examine the significance of the impact of openness towards oneself and others in the upbringing process.
Risk and vulnerability management, project agility and resilience: a comparative analysis
Authors: Rahi Khalil , Bourgault Mario , Preece Christopher
Published: March 2022

The main objective of this paper is to present a critical analysis of the project management literature on four concepts; risk management, vulnerability management, project agility and project resilience. The goal is to understand the strengths and weaknesses of these concepts to deal with disruptive events through the development of a conceptual framework that captures their differences and convergences. Therefore, a review of recent literature from international journals, specialized mainly in project risk management, vulnerability management, project agility, and project resilience has been conducted. A systematic literature review is adopted to compare the four key concepts of this study and to draw conclusions. A case from the information technology field is used to better illustrate the comparison.Results from this study show that risk management and vulnerability management are proactive concepts focusing on the management of known events or actions. Alternatively, project agility is a reactive concept that aims to adapt to changes, but not necessarily disruptive events. Project resilience is a mix concept – proactive and reactive – focusing on recovering from known and unknown disruptive events. In addition, this comparative analysis and the conceptual framework developed can be used to exploit future areas of research and exhibit new opportunities where project management best practices can be improved to deal with disruptive events.
Case Article—Pediatrician Scheduling at British Columbia Women’s Hospital
Authors: Shechter Steven
Published: March 2022

This article describes an in-class role-playing exercise, as well as a case study, on the application of mixed integer programming to help a hospital with physician scheduling. The intended audiences are graduate students or advanced undergraduate students taking a first course in optimization who have been introduced to integer programming. The role-playing exercise aims to develop students’ skills in the iterative process of listening to decision makers describe their problem, asking them questions, and developing initial formulations of the problem. The case study provides students the opportunity to spend more time developing a full mathematical formulation, solving it, and writing up their findings. The case assumes students have already been introduced to the “Big-M” method but assumes no prior introduction to the concepts of hard versus soft constraints. There is no natural objective in this problem, such as the usual “maximize profit” or “minimize cost”; instead, students are introduced to the topic of Goal Programming, which also introduces them to the concept of multiobjective optimization.

Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2021.0266ca . The Teaching Note is available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/ Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Contracting, Pricing, and Data Collection Under the AI Flywheel Effect
Authors: Gurkan Huseyin , de Véricourt Francis
Published: March 2022

This paper explores how firms that lack expertise in machine learning (ML) can leverage the so-called AI Flywheel effect. This effect designates a virtuous cycle by which as an ML product is adopted and new user data are fed back to the algorithm, the product improves, enabling further adoptions. However, managing this feedback loop is difficult, especially when the algorithm is contracted out. Indeed, the additional data that the AI Flywheel effect generates may change the provider’s incentives to improve the algorithm over time. We formalize this problem in a simple two-period moral hazard framework that captures the main dynamics among ML, data acquisition, pricing, and contracting. We find that the firm’s decisions crucially depend on how the amount of data on which the machine is trained interacts with the provider’s effort. If this effort has a more (less) significant impact on accuracy for larger volumes of data, the firm underprices (overprices) the product. Interestingly, these distortions sometimes improve social welfare, which accounts for the customer surplus and profits of both the firm and provider. Further, the interaction between incentive issues and the positive externalities of the AI Flywheel effect has important implications for the firm’s data collection strategy. In particular, the firm can boost its profit by increasing the product’s capacity to acquire usage data only up to a certain level. If the product collects too much data per user, the firm’s profit may actually decrease (i.e., more data are not necessarily better).

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The data files and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4333 .
A RACIONALIDADE NEOLIBERAL E A MILITARIZAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO
Authors: Branquinho Evanio Dos Santos
Published: March 2022

O neoliberalismo que se consolida como política econômica a partir da década de 1980 alcança sua forma plena de ordem social na atualidade. Muito além do discurso de não intervenção do Estado e de mercados autorregulados, o neoliberalismo pressupõe um Estado regulador da reprodução econômica e social. Gestão e empreendedorismo tornam-se conceitos chave dentro dessa racionalidade neoliberal, em que se estruturam o Estado gestor e o indivíduo empresa. As noções de coletivo e de serviço público se esfumam, sobressaindo-se as noções de desempenho e rentabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar esse processo na perspectiva da segurança pública que se torna um setor de gestão da violência que criminaliza as áreas de concentração de pobreza, onde o estado de exceção passa a ser a norma. Toma-se como estudos de caso a intervenção do Governo Federal no Rio de Janeiro em 2018 e o Projeto de Lei de combate ao crime do atual ministro da justiça e segurança pública; ações e medidas unilaterais que desembocam na constituição de um estado policial e na militarização do espaço urbano.
O CIRCUITO TERRAS ALTAS DA MANTIQUEIRA POR UMA PERSPECTIVA TERRITORIAL
Authors: Santos Luiz Henrique de Oliveira , Pinto Vicente Paulo dos Santos
Published: March 2022

Introdução: O circuito Terras Altas da Mantiqueira é um circuito turístico localizado no sul de Minas Gerais e que faz parte da Serra da Mantiqueira, um conjunto de elevações localizado entre os estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Rio de janeiro. Foi criado, em 1998, como o primeiro Circuito Turístico oficial do estado. A estrutura de circuitos é uma política pública de influência territorial. Objetivo: O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar, por uma visão geográfica, o território em uma região de potencial turístico, no caso, as Terras Altas da Mantiqueira. A proposta faz parte de um estudo mais abrangente, que apresenta a localidade com base na metodologia GTP (Geossistema – Território - Paisagem) de Bertrand e Bertrand (2007), porém, buscando uma maior aproximação com as propostas de Haesbaert (2004). Métodos: Os dados foram obtidos através de revisão bibliográfica, do levantamento de dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e de outros órgãos e também foram realizados trabalhos de campo durante o segundo semestre de 2019. Resultado: O resultado foi a criação de uma base de informações sobre o contexto territorial, tanto dos aspectos de políticas públicas, quanto de ocupação histórica. Conclusão: Para os gestores, a compreensão desse pertencimento pode apontar territórios que se sobrepõem e pontos de associação que transcendam os limites do circuito e proporcionem parcerias, que respeitem a população e permitam ao turista experimentar outro nível de vivência, adentrando em uma dimensão territorial.
DINÂMICA MIGRATÓRIA DA CIDADE MÉDIA: UMA ANÁLISE DE ANGRA DOS REIS, RJ
Authors: Chetry Michael
Published: March 2022

Este artigo propõe investigar a mobilidade espacial em Angra dos Reis, cidade média localizada no sul do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, buscando compreender a dinâmica urbana recente da cidade e sua inserção na rede urbana. Este trabalho procura mais especificamente determinar a importância e o perfil dos fluxos migratórios que impactam a cidade, assim que as mudanças eventuais observadas no período 1980-2010. Globalmente, Angra dos Reis apresenta um poder de atração populacional significativo, fruto de um certo dinamismo econômico, que contribuiu fortemente para seu crescimento demográfico. O artigo mostra também que o potencial de retenção populacional da cidade é limitado. A emigração oriunda de Angra dos Reis é diretamente relacionada a qualificação profissional e ao capital cultural dos migrantes já que são principalmente as ocupações médias e superiores que deixam a cidade. Assim, Angra dos Reis se configura como uma sociedade de trabalhadores, expulsando suas elites para outras cidades. Isso se constitui como um traço característico da cidade e, potencialmente, das cidades médias em geral.
ESTUDOS SOBRE A QUARTA COLÔNIA DE IMIGRAÇÃO ITALIANA/RS: OPERACIONALIZAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS EM AVALIAÇÕES AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Paim Benedetti Ana Caroline , Garrido Pinheiro Carlos , Knevitz Hammerschmitt Cesar , Tavares Paim Eduardo , Neuenschwander Frederico , Moraes Carvalho Neto Romário , Delfini Viana Cardoso Claire
Published: March 2022

Trabalhos envolvendo avaliações ambientais podem ser realizados a partir da utilização dos Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Considerando as possibilidades, o presente estudo tem como objetivo operacionalizar uma metodologia de avaliação ambiental para a Região da Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana, Rio Grande do Sul, com o intuito de identificar as áreas de fragilidade ambiental e de potencial agrícola. Foram organizados mapas temáticos sobre a clinografia, geologia, geomorfologia, pedologia e uso da terra na região. Estes integraram uma avaliação multicritério ponderada. Foram atribuídos pesos aos mapas temáticos e notas às classes contidas nos mapas. O peso para os mapas foi de 20%, enquanto que as notas das classes oscilaram entre 0 e 10. Para as análises foram geradas combinações entre as classes contidas nos mapas, produzindo notas de 3 a 9 para fragilidade ambiental, e 2 a 9 para potencial agrícola. Os resultados demonstraram que a aplicação da avaliação ambiental possibilita a análise quanto à fragilidade e potencialidade em maior ou menor nível. Através dos resultados da avaliação de fragilidade ambiental, destacaram-se as classes de alta e baixa fragilidade. A partir dos resultados da análise de potencial agrícola, detectou-se uma predominância da classe de médio potencial, seguido de altíssimo potencial.
O MODELO DE TURISMO DA COSTA RICA: SUA EVOLUÇÃO E ADAPTAÇÃO AO TERRITÓRIO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE COMPETITIVIDADE TURÍSTICA
Authors: Alvarado Sánchez Meylin
Published: March 2022

Sendo o turismo uma atividade económica de grande importância a nível mundial, a consolidação dos espaços como destinos turísticos requer um modelo sólido, com estratégias de competitividade turística, que considerem diferentes fatores do território, interpretando isto não apenas como um facto físico natural, mas também como um produto construído socialmente. Na América Latina, a Costa Rica é um daqueles destinos que implementou diferentes estratégias para se manter como referência turística a nível regional, o anterior se baseia na adaptação de seu modelo de turismo às diferentes variáveis de seu território, com base em seu sistema turístico, que é denominado pelo Instituto Costa-riquenho de Turismo (TIC, 2017), como um sistema adaptativo, capaz de desenvolver comportamentos ou formas de proceder para avançar em direção a objetivos, mas com resultados imprevisíveis. Este artigo faz referência ao modelo de turismo da Costa Rica, suas diferentes etapas, sua evolução e as diferentes políticas públicas baseadas nas características de seu território, que lhe permitiram projetar e comercializar seus produtos turísticos diferenciados em nível internacional, levando a um crescimento contínuo da atividade turística no período 1980-2019.
DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO TERRITORIAL DA AGROPECUÁRIA PARANAENSE PÓS-2003
Authors: Costa Cunha Roberto César , Espíndola Carlos José
Published: March 2022

Os diferentes produtos agrícolas paranaenses constituem-se em um dos principais setores econômicos geradores de renda no estado. Entre 2008-2019, o valor bruto da produção dos principais produtos da agropecuária do Paraná cresceu de R$ 53,1 bilhões para R$ 77,8 bilhões. Nas exportações, o valor gerado, em 2019, foi de US$ 12,7 bilhões, o que representa 77,4%, do valor total do estado, e 13,1%, do valor total dos produtos agrícolas brasileiros. Assim sendo, o objetivo geral deste texto é identificar o desempenho produtivo da agropecuária paranaense, com base nos indicadores de área plantada, valor bruto da produção, produtividade e participação na pauta exportadora do estado, uma vez que esse dinamismo veio acompanhado de alterações significativas nas estruturas produtivas mesorregionais. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, o método de análise baseou-se nas categorias de formação socioespacial e combinações geográficas. Dessa maneira, o processo de concentração/desconcentração, disseminação e exclusão estabeleceu uma nova especialização produtiva territorial.
ANÁLISE DOS PÓRTICOS COMO SÍMBOLOS E MARCAS DE IDENTIDADES DIRECIONADAS AO MERCADO TURÍSTICO COM BASE NOS EXEMPLOS DE PETRÓPOLIS E ARMAÇÃO DOS BÚZIOS
Authors: Borges Rodrigo Dos Santos , Ribeiro Miguel Ângelo Campos
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A espacialização da atividade turística pressupõe, não raras vezes, a construção de uma imagem representativa daquela localidade como destino. Em diversos casos, a consolidação dessa síntese passa pela monumentalização de estruturas marcantes na paisagem. Tais elementos são projetados para se firmar enquanto símbolo identitário local. A construção do estudo passa pela caracterização dos pórticos enquanto símbolos de uma identidade forjada por determinados grupos, mas com capacidade de evocar uma identificação global daquela localidade; sua inserção na paisagem enquanto parte de uma efetiva política locacional, componente de uma organização espacial seletiva; além de sua monumentalidade como parte da territorialização de determinados atores, dotando o espaço de perfil adequado à exploração do turismo e/ou veraneio. Objetivos: Concebendo os pórticos turísticos como elementos estruturados sob a lógica da construção e/ou consolidação de uma imagem, pretendemos compreender como se materializa o trabalho de os caracterizar como marca de determinada área turística, exemplificando o fenômeno com um estudo focado nos municípios fluminenses de Petrópolis e Armação dos Búzios. Métodos: Desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em análise teórica e documental norteada pelo objetivo de propor uma revisão de literatura alinhada a avaliação da materialização do processo nas municipalidades selecionadas. Resultados: Ao constatarmos que tanto em Petrópolis quanto em Armação dos Búzios os pórticos são utilizados pelo trade turístico e pelo poder público como um símbolo ou mesmo um resumo do perfil municipal, compreendemos que há uma relação entre a territorialização dos pórticos associada a uma política locacional e a uma estetização simbólica da paisagem, estando em consonância com questão inicial que motivou o estudo. Conclusão: A título de apontamentos finais, consideramos importante evidenciar que os pórticos não devem ser analisados isoladamente, mas como parte de uma estratégia organizacional do espaço que objetiva satisfazer os interesses dos grupos política e economicamente hegemônicos, o que tem sido especialmente visível no caso de políticas públicas baseadas no chamado empreendedorismo urbano, que tem no desenvolvimento do turismo um de seus principais argumentos.
CARTOGRAFIA DO COLONIALISMO, POLÍTICA AMBIENTAL E ZONAS LIBERTÁRIAS NAS PERSPECTIVAS DAS EPISTEMOLOGIAS DO SUL
Authors: Chagas Marco Antonio , Filocreão Antonio Sérgio Monteiro
Published: March 2022

A proposta de uma cartografia do colonialismo instiga o pensamento indisciplinar, que transita no interregno das leituras que analisam a movimentação do capitalismo das commodities, os conflitos ambientais e as lutas por zonas libertárias. No Brasil, a destruição da Floresta Amazônica, as tragédias da mineração e a violência contra os povos da floresta são exemplos que colocam a natureza numa condição subalterna ao colonialismo do poder. Este artigo filia-se às epistemologias do Sul para repensar o lugar da natureza na política ambiental a partir de artesanias das práticas socioambientais na Amazônia, como no caso das Terras Indígenas e das Reservas Extrativistas.
AVALIAÇÃO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE DE LARANJAL DO JARI/ AMAPÁ, COM BASE NA FERRAMENTA BARÔMETRO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Corrêa Jacklinne Matta , Freiras Josimar Silva , Ferreira José Francisco De Carvalho
Published: March 2022

As pesquisas a respeito da avaliação da sustentabilidade nos municípios da Amazônia podem constituir relevante instrumento de monitoramento para o desenvolvimento sustentável da Amazônia. Este estudo avalia os índices de Bem-Estar Humano e Bem-Estar Ambiental do município de Laranjal do Jari, com base na ferramenta Barômetro da Sustentabilidade. A estratégia intelectual do estudo ocorreu por meio do método de associação, uma vez que houve comunicação de variáveis do índice de Bem-Estar Humano com as do índice de Bem-Estar Ambiental, mas não foi constatada relação de dependência. Assim, se conclui que o município de Laranjal do Jari apresenta nível de sustentabilidade “Intermediário” (pontuação de 47,65) no índice de Bem-Estar Humano, e “Quase Sustentável” (pontuação de 66,63) no índice de Bem-Estar Ambiental.
COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS TECENDO O DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL: TRÊS EXPERIÊNCIAS DE INTERAÇÕES ENTRE SOCIOBIODIVERSIDADE, MERCADOS, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E AÇÃO COLETIVA
Authors: Cialdella Nathalie , Euler Ana Margarida Castro , Superti Eliane , Mazurek Rosélis Remor de Souza , Aubertin Catherine
Published: March 2022

Desde os anos 1990 o estado do Amapá apostou num desenvolvimento territorial sustentável a partir da valorização econômica dos produtos da sociobiodiversidade e do reconhecimento dos saberes associados a estes recursos e detidos pelos povos e comunidades tradicionais (PCT). Este modelo de desenvolvimento endógeno se deu em sinergia com as dinâmicas globais na política federal brasileira, assim como dos mercados globais. O artigo questiona o papel de diversos fatores, a começar pelo papel das populações tradicionais, no sucesso do mercado do açaí, que hoje é reconhecido como um catalisador de desenvolvimento territorial sustentável. A partir de uma análise reflexiva de três experiências em diferentes localidades do Estado (Mazagão, Bailique, Oiapoque), as autoras mostram distintas estratégias relacionando populações tradicionais com o mercado, em função de proximidades (geográficas e sociais) e grau de organização coletiva. Estratégias nas quais os instrumentos de fomento públicos ou privados são necessários e mobilizados de forma diferenciada (PGPM-Bio nas comunidades ribeirinhas na proximidade da Capital, PNGATI nas Terras Indígenas, Fundos privados nas comunidades ribeirinhas do Bailique), apenas para reforçar dinâmicas sociais internas. A informalidade fragiliza ainda fortemente a posição dos povos e comunidades tradicionais em todos os elos da cadeia, porém, abre espaços para consolidação dos mercados locais e (assim) para a soberania alimentar.
GEO UERJ: 25 ANOS
Authors: Marafon Glaucio Jose , Avila Nathalia Da Silva , Barboza Ana Beatriz Costa
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A Geo UERJ foi criada, no formato impresso, no ano de 1997, com a finalidade de proporcionar melhor qualificação para o curso de Geografia da UERJ. Entre os anos de 2005 e 2006 a revista esteve interrompida, foi transformada em revista eletrônica a partir de 2007, desta forma possibilitou um acesso mais amplo à comunidade acadêmica dos artigos encaminhados para publicação. Objetivos: Disponibilizar cronologicamente a evolução, os impactos e o alcance da revista junto aos seus leitores, autores e demais colaboradores. Resultados: Observa-se que ao longo dos anos a revista ampliou a sua indexação em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais, manteve classificação como B1 no Qualis/CAPES da área de Geografia, ampliou o número de colaborações com autores/avaliadores estrangeiros, houve maior engajamento com a comunidade científica sendo refletida no número de dossiês temáticos publicados oriundos de eventos e parceria com grupos de pesquisa, evoluiu significativamente a quantidade de artigos publicados, operacionalizou o seu fluxo editorial por meio do  software Open Journal System (OJS), criado pelo Public Knowledge Project (PKP), em adequação às tendências editoriais passou a divulgar seus textos nas redes sociais (Facebook e Twitter) como consequência deste trabalho houve um aumento no número de leitores e de acessos aos textos publicados. Conclusão: Ao longo desses 25 anos procurou-se qualificar a revista, adequando aos parâmetros internacionais de publicações, desta forma o periódico foi e permanece sendo meio de divulgação e registro do conhecimento científico, da geografia e áreas afins.
Measuring the economic value of community nursing
Authors: Day Sarah , Mitchell Catherine
Published: March 2022

The economic value of community nursing is not well understood, meaning it can be a challenge to make the case for investment in the service. The breadth of the service is so vast that it can be difficult to define all the activity and measure the outcomes achieved, which is essential to assess value. A roundtable, hosted by the Healthcare Financial Management Association, considered the challenge of measuring economic value in community nursing, to identify where further work is needed. Community nursing has a key role to play in the development of integrated care systems, as it demonstrates the integration of services at a patient level. Assessment of value needs to recognise the part that the service should play in an integrated care system. However, investment and cultural change is needed within community nursing to ensure activity data is recorded accurately to enable value to be assessed.
Evidence-based quality leadership in orthopaedics
Authors: Silva Geeth , Ashford Robert U , Wildin Clare J , Achan Pramod
Published: March 2022

There is a paucity of literature analysing the importance of leadership within trauma and orthopaedics. However, such skills are essential to make an orthopaedic surgeon proficient in their various roles. This literature review on leadership within orthopaedics enables an understanding of current issues.

A narrative literature review was conducted using Pubmed, Medline and The National Centre for Biotechnology databases. The search string used to conduct the narrative literature review was (orthopaedic) and (leadership[Title]). The articles were screened by title, abstract and full text. A reference search was subsequently conducted on these papers using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria. The papers then underwent a thematic analysis to understand the issues surrounding leadership in orthopaedics.

The critical themes recognised were quality improvement, training, women in leadership, inequality and traits of a leader. Through reviewing the themes in this article, a framework was developed to identify the current issues and potential avenues of advancing orthopaedic leadership.

This narrative literature review has demonstrated a paucity of research in orthopaedic leadership. Further work would create a robust evidence base, outline ideal orthopaedic leadership and standardise training to create better orthopaedic leaders.
High ten-year implant survivorship and low patellofemoral complication rate for S-ROM rotating-hinge implants in revision total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Matar Hosam E. , Bloch Benjamin V. , James Peter J.
Published: March 2022

Aims

The aim of this study was to evaluate medium-term outcomes and complications of the S-ROM NOILES Rotating Hinge Knee System (DePuy, USA) in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) at a tertiary unit.

Methods

A retrospective consecutive study of all patients who underwent a rTKA using this implant from January 2005 to December 2018. Outcome measures included reoperations, revision for any cause, complications, and survivorship. Patients and implant survivorship data were identified through both local hospital electronic databases and linked data from the National Joint Registry/NHS Personal Demographic Service. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used at ten years.

Results

A total of 89 consecutive patients (89 knees) were included with 47 females (52.8%) and a median age of 74 years (interquartile range 66 to 79). The main indications were aseptic loosening with instability (39.4%; n = 35) and infection (37.1%; n = 33) with the majority of patients managed through two-stage approach. The mean follow-up was 7.4 years (2 to 16). The overall rate of reoperation, for any cause, was 10.1% (n = 9) with a rate of implant revision of 6.7% (n = 6). Only two cases required surgery for patellofemoral complications. Kaplan-Meier implant-survivorship analysis was 93.3% at ten years, using revision for any cause as an endpoint.

Conclusion

This implant achieved high ten-year survivorship with a low complication rate, particularly patellofemoral complications. These can be avoided by ensuring central patella tracking and appropriate tension of the patellofemoral joint in this posterior hinge design. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(3):205–210.
Validation and modification of the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee classification in the Asian population
Authors: Hsu Cheng-En , Chen Chao-Ping , Wang Shun-Ping , Huang Jen-Ting , Tong Kwok-Man , Huang Kui-Chou
Published: March 2022

Aims

The Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification is a simple and comprehensive system for predicting pre-arthritic knee alignment. However, when the CPAK classification is applied in the Asian population, which is characterized by more varus and wider distribution in lower limb alignment, modifications in the boundaries of arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA) and joint line obliquity (JLO) should be considered. The purposes of this study were as follows: first, to propose a modified CPAK classification based on the actual joint line obliquity (aJLO) and wider range of aHKA in the Asian population; second, to test this classification in a cohort of Asians with healthy knees; third, to propose individualized alignment targets for different CPAK types in kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods

The CPAK classification was modified by changing the neutral boundaries of aHKA to 0° ± 3° and using aJLO as a new variable. Radiological analysis of 214 healthy knees in 214 Asian individuals was used to assess the distribution and mean value of alignment angles of each phenotype among different classifications based on the coronal plane. Individualized alignment targets were set according to the mean lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) of different knee types.

Results

A very high concentration, 191 from 214 individuals (89.3%), were found in knee types with apex distal JLO when the CPAK classification was applied in the Asian population. By using aJLO as a new variable, the high distribution percentage in knee types with apex distal JLO decreased to 125 from 214 individuals (58.4%). The most common types in order were Type II (n = 70; 32.7%), Type V (n = 55; 25.7%), and Type I (n = 46; 21.5%) in the modified CPAK classification.

Conclusion

The modified CPAK classification corrected the uneven distribution when applying the CPAK classification in the Asian population. Setting individualized TKA alignment targets according to CPAK type may be a practical method to recreate optimal LDFA and MPTA in KA-TKA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(3):211–217.
Local Burr distribution estimator for speckle statistics
Authors: Ge Gary R. , Rolland Jannick P. , Parker Kevin J.
Published: March 2022

Speckle statistics in ultrasound and optical coherence tomography have been studied using various distributions, including the Rayleigh, the K, and the more recently proposed Burr distribution. In this paper, we expand on the utility of the Burr distribution by first validating its theoretical framework with numerical simulations and then introducing a new local estimator to characterize sample tissues of liver, brain, and skin using optical coherence tomography. The spatially local estimates of the Burr distribution’s power-law or exponent parameter enable a new type of parametric image. The simulation and experimental results confirm the potential for various applications of the Burr distribution in both basic science and clinical realms.
Accurate evaluation of the treatment effects of immunotherapy on subcutaneous ovarian cancer in mice with nonlinear optical imaging and algorithmic analysis
Authors: Wang Shiqi , Zhao Zewei , Xie Jiajun , Ren Sheng , Tang Shiyao , Lin Fangrui , Qu Junle , Liu Liwei
Published: March 2022

Immunotherapy and its evaluation have shown great promise for cancer treatment. Here, a mouse subcutaneous transplantable tumor model was applied to testing therapeutic strategies. The mouse model was treated by regulating anti-PD-L1, anti-CTLA-4, cisplatin and their combined therapy. Biochemistry experiments have found that after immunotherapy, mice have more immune responses, which were manifested by an increase in the content of growth factors and the activation of T cells. Meanwhile, multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy imaging combined with algorithms was used to evaluate the treatment's effectiveness. By detecting the metabolism rate and microstructure in tissue, it was proved that combined therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors do have a better effect on ovarian tumors. Our discovery of valid treatments for mice with ovarian tumor and provides an evaluation tool via nonlinear optics combined with algorithms offers new insights into therapeutic effect.
Quantum illumination with definite photon-number entangled states
Authors: Noh Changsuk , Lee Changhyoup , Lee Su-Yong
Published: March 2022

Quantum illumination employs entangled states to detect a weakly reflecting target in a thermal bath. The performance of a given entangled state is evaluated from the minimum error probability in the asymptotic limit, which is compared against the optimal coherent state scheme. Using a relationship between the minimum error probability and quantum Fisher information, we compare the optimal performance of definite photon-number entangled states against that of coherent states under local repetitive strategies. When optimized under the constraint of a fixed total energy, we find that a coherent state outperforms the definite photon-number entangled states with the same signal energy.
Sensing the performance enhancement via asymmetric gain optimization in the atom-light hybrid interferometer
Authors: Yu Zhifei , Fang Bo , Liu Pan , Chen Shuying , Bao Guzhi , Yuan Chun-hua , Chen Liqing
Published: March 2022

The SU (1,1)-type atom-light hybrid interferometer (SALHI) is a kind of interferometer that is sensitive to both the optical phase and atomic phase. However, the loss has been an unavoidable problem in practical applications and greatly limits the use of interferometers. Visibility is an important parameter to evaluate the performance of interferometers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the mitigating effect of the loss on visibility of the SALHI via asymmetric gain optimization, where the maximum threshold of loss to visibility close to 100% is increased. Furthermore, we theoretically find that the optimal condition for the largest visibility is the same as that for the enhancement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to the best value with the existence of the losses using the intensity detection, indicating that visibility can act as an experimental operational criterion for SNR improvement in practical applications. Improvement of the interference visibility means achievement of SNR enhancement. Our results provide a significant foundation for practical application of the SALHI in radar and ranging measurements.
Repolarization Precedes Oval Cell–mediated Hepatocytic Regeneration in the CDE Diet Mouse Model
Authors: Zweerink Susanne , Mueck Vera , Kraemer Laurenz P. , Tischler Eva , Schulte Sigrid , Goeser Tobias , Nierhoff Dirk
Published: March 2022

The liver has a unique ability to recover from injury unlike any other organ. A poorly understood aspect of liver regeneration is the role of hepatocellular polarization. Neighbor of Punc E11 (Nope) is an oncofetal stem/progenitor cell marker, which is expressed by depolarized adult hepatocytes after cholestatic liver injury and in hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver injury induced by a choline-deficient and ethionine-supplemented diet is reversible if followed by an additional dietary stop interval and enabled us to study the expression of Nope during the induction of chronic liver injury and during subsequent liver regeneration. We could show by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry that the expression of Nope is induced in depolarized adult hepatocytes during injury. However, after another 2 weeks of a normal diet, the polarization of hepatocytes was almost completely restored and the expression of Nope remained limited to bile ducts and oval cells. Using an inducible CK19-lineage tracing model, we could demonstrate that oval cell–mediated hepatocyte regeneration is rare and was preceded by repolarization of hepatocytes. In conclusion, polarization of hepatocytes is an important part of liver regeneration and precedes oval cell–mediated regeneration of the liver. This process can be visualized by a characteristic expression pattern of Nope:
Estimating genetic variance contributed by a quantitative trait locus: A random model approach
Authors: Wang Shibo , Xie Fangjie , Xu Shizhong
Published: March 2022

Detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) and estimating QTL variances (represented by the squared QTL effects) are two main goals of QTL mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, there are issues associated with estimated QTL variances and such issues have not attracted much attention from the QTL mapping community. Estimated QTL variances are usually biased upwards due to estimation being associated with significance tests. The phenomenon is called the Beavis effect. However, estimated variances of QTL without significance tests can also be biased upwards, which cannot be explained by the Beavis effect; rather, this bias is due to the fact that QTL variances are often estimated as the squares of the estimated QTL effects. The parameters are the QTL effects and the estimated QTL variances are obtained by squaring the estimated QTL effects. This square transformation failed to incorporate the errors of estimated QTL effects into the transformation. The consequence is biases in estimated QTL variances. To correct the biases, we can either reformulate the QTL model by treating the QTL effect as random and directly estimate the QTL variance (as a variance component) or adjust the bias by taking into account the error of the estimated QTL effect. A moment method of estimation has been proposed to correct the bias. The method has been validated via Monte Carlo simulation studies. The method has been applied to QTL mapping for the 10-week-body-weight trait from an F2 mouse population.
The ability to classify patients based on gene-expression data varies by algorithm and performance metric
Authors: Piccolo Stephen R. , Mecham Avery , Golightly Nathan P. , Johnson Jérémie L. , Miller Dustin B.
Published: March 2022

By classifying patients into subgroups, clinicians can provide more effective care than using a uniform approach for all patients. Such subgroups might include patients with a particular disease subtype, patients with a good (or poor) prognosis, or patients most (or least) likely to respond to a particular therapy. Transcriptomic measurements reflect the downstream effects of genomic and epigenomic variations. However, high-throughput technologies generate thousands of measurements per patient, and complex dependencies exist among genes, so it may be infeasible to classify patients using traditional statistical models. Machine-learning classification algorithms can help with this problem. However, hundreds of classification algorithms exist—and most support diverse hyperparameters—so it is difficult for researchers to know which are optimal for gene-expression biomarkers. We performed a benchmark comparison, applying 52 classification algorithms to 50 gene-expression datasets (143 class variables). We evaluated algorithms that represent diverse machine-learning methodologies and have been implemented in general-purpose, open-source, machine-learning libraries. When available, we combined clinical predictors with gene-expression data. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of performing hyperparameter optimization and feature selection using nested cross validation. Kernel- and ensemble-based algorithms consistently outperformed other types of classification algorithms; however, even the top-performing algorithms performed poorly in some cases. Hyperparameter optimization and feature selection typically improved predictive performance, and univariate feature-selection algorithms typically outperformed more sophisticated methods. Together, our findings illustrate that algorithm performance varies considerably when other factors are held constant and thus that algorithm selection is a critical step in biomarker studies.
Smartphone use behavior and quality of life: What is the role of awareness?
Authors: Sela Alon , Rozenboim Noam , Ben-Gal Hila Chalutz
Published: March 2022

How does smartphone use behavior affect quality of life factors? The following work suggests new insights into smartphone use behavior, mainly regarding two contradicting smartphone modes of use that affect quality of life in opposite ways. The Aware smartphone mode of use reflects an active lifestyle, while the Unaware mode of use reflects the use of the smartphone in conjunction with other activities. Using data from 215 individuals who reported their quality of life and smartphone use habits, we show that high levels of smartphone use in the Unaware mode of use have a significant negative effect on the quality of life. However, the results show a mild positive effect when the individual uses the smartphone in an aware mode of use. We identify three latent factors within the quality-of-life construct and measure the effect of the different smartphone modes of use on these quality-of-life factors. We find that (i) The functioning latent factor, which is an individual’s ability to function well in his or her daily life, is not affected by smartphone use behavior. In contrast, (ii) the competence latent factor, which is a lack of negative emotions or pain, and (iii) the positive feelings latent factor both show a clear effect with the smartphone Unaware mode of use. This implies that the unaware use of smartphones, which is its use in conjunction with other activities or late at night, can be related to lower levels of quality of life. Since smartphones currently serve as an interface between the self and the cyber space, as well as an interface between the self and other individuals online, these results need to be considered for social wellbeing in relation to digital human behavior, smartphone addiction and a healthy mode of use.
Intensive grazing alters the diversity, composition and structure of plant-pollinator interaction networks in Central European grasslands
Authors: Rakosy Demetra , Motivans Elena , Ştefan Valentin , Nowak Arkadiusz , Świerszcz Sebastian , Feldmann Reinart , Kühn Elisabeth , Geppert Costanza , Venkataraman Neeraja , Sobieraj-Betlińska Anna , Grossmann Anita , Rojek Wiktoria , Pochrząst Katarzyna , Cielniak Magdalena , Gathof Anika Kirstin , Baumann Kevin , Knight Tiffany Marie
Published: March 2022

Complex socio-economic, political and demographic factors have driven the increased conversion of Europe’s semi-natural grasslands to intensive pastures. This trend is particularly strong in some of the most biodiverse regions of the continent, such as Central and Eastern Europe. Intensive grazing is known to decrease species diversity and alter the composition of plant and insect communities. Comparatively little is known, however, about how intensive grazing influences plant functional traits related to pollination and the structure of plant-pollinator interactions. In traditional hay meadows and intensive pastures in Central Europe, we contrasted the taxonomic and functional group diversity and composition, the structure of plant-pollinator interactions and the roles of individual species in networks. We found mostly lower taxonomic and functional diversity of plants and insects in intensive pastures, as well as strong compositional differences among the two grassland management types. Intensive pastures were dominated by a single plant with a specialized flower structure that is only accessible to a few pollinator groups. As a result, intensive pastures have lower diversity and specificity of interactions, higher amount of resource overlap, more uniform interaction strength and lower network modularity. These findings stand in contrast to studies in which plants with more generalized flower traits dominated pastures. Our results thus highlight the importance of the functional traits of dominant species in mediating the consequences of intensive pasture management on plant-pollinator networks. These findings could further contribute to strategies aimed at mitigating the impact of intensive grazing on plant and pollinator communities.
Fear among Syrians: A Proposed Cutoff Score for the Arabic Fear of COVID-19 Scale
Authors: Mohsen Fatema , Bakkar Batoul , Khadem alsrouji Salma , Abbas Esraa , Najjar Alma , Marrawi Marah , Latifeh Youssef
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 pandemic has led to psychological health issues one of which is fear. This study validates the Arabic version of the fear of COVID-19 scale and suggests a new cutoff score to measure fear of COVID-19 among the Syrian Population. A total of 3989 participants filled an online survey consisting of socio-demographic information, the fear of COVID-19 scale, the patient health questionnaire 9-item, and the generalized anxiety disorder 7-item. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to define cutoff scores for the fear of COVID-19 scale in relation to generalized anxiety disorder 7-item and the patient health questionnaire 9-item. The Cronbach α value of the Arabic fear of COVID-19 scale was 0.896, revealing good stability and internal consistency. The inter-item correlations were between [0.420–0.868] and the corrected item-total correlations were between [0.614–0.768]. A cutoff point of 17.5 was deduced from the analysis. According to the deduced cutoff point, 2111(52.9%) were categorized as extreme fear cases. This cutoff score deduced from this study can be used for screening purposes to distinguish community members that may be prone to developing extreme fear of COVID-19. Therefore, early preventive and supportive measures can then be delivered.
Sarcopenia for outcomes in patients undergoing spinal surgery: A protocol for a systematic review and pooled analysis of observational studies
Authors: Wan Teng , Xiao Zhihong , Wang Xitao , Tan Haifeng , Guo Weiming , Tang Guojun , Chen Liangyuan , Mei Zubing , Cao Qi
Published: March 2022

Background

Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder characterized by decreased muscle mass and loss of muscle function. Recent studies have shown that sarcopenia is able to predict a variety of clinical outcomes after spinal surgery. Controversy still exists among previous reports in terms of the definition and measurement of sarcopenia, these findings are heterogeneous so far. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the up-to-date evidence of sarcopenia for postoperative outcomes among people undergoing spinal surgery.

Methods and analysis

This protocol was carried out based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. It has been pre-registered in PROSPERO with the registration number of CRD42021260459. Three databases (including Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) will be searched from inception through May 10, 2021 to determine related cohort studies examining sarcopenia on multidimensional outcomes in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Major outcomes will be involved including mortality, morbidity, length of stay, postoperative complications or adverse events. DerSimonian & Laird random-effects meta-analysis will be used to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) for binary data and pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) for continuous data. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) will be used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. Narrative synthesis will be carried out if a pooled analysis is not possible.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required for this study as the data involved are from the published literatures. We intend to disseminate or share the results of the study in a peer-reviewed journal or at relevant conferences.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021260459.