bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DHA Manuscript
Authors: Balachandar Rakesh , Soundararajan Soundarya , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara Shankara
Published: November 2019

Purpose: To investigate the role of DHA supplementation in preventing Age Related Cognitive Decline (ARCD) in cognitive domains by conducting systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: Relevant clinical trials were systematically searched at Medline-Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, ProQuest and Embase databases since inception to June 2018. The PRISMA guidelines were adhered for data abstraction, quality assessment and validity of included randomized control trails. Study details such as participant characteristics, DHA supplementation and cognitive function outcome measures i.e. memory, attention, working memory and executive function scores, were extracted and performed meta-analysis according to Cochrane guidelines. Additional meta-regression and subgroup analysis was performed to detect confounding variables and sensitivity of results respectively.Results: Ten studies including 2327 elderly individuals were part of the final results. Study exhibited minimal or no pooled incremental effects on memory (0.22, 95%CI=-0.17 to 0.61, I2=94.36%, p<0.001), attention (0.1, 95%CI=-0.04 to 0.25, I2=32.25%, p=0.18), working memory (0.01, 95%CI=-0.10 to 0.12, I2=0%, p=0.89) and executive function (0.03, 95%CI=-0.05 to 0.11, I2=78.48%, p<0.001) among DHA supplemented group. While results from standard mean difference between groups on memory (0.08, 95%CI=-0.12 to 0.28, I2=76.82%, p<0.001), attention (0.04, 95%CI=-0.09 to 0.23, I2=42.63%, p=0.11), working memory (-0.08, 95%CI=-0.26 to 0.10, I2=37.57%, p=0.17) and executive function (0.17, 95%CI=-0.01 to 0.36, I2=78.48%, p<0.001). Results remained unaffected in multiple sensitivity and sub-group analyses.Conclusions: Current evidences don’t support the role of DHA supplementation, in preventing / retarding ARCD of memory, executive function, attention and working memory.Protocol registered at PROSPERO (ID: PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018099401).
Methodical aspects of determining the efficiency of grain production in modern conditions
Authors: Lositska Tetyana
Published: November 2019

Introduction. The pace of development of the agro-food market of Ukraine is extremely volatile, due to the determinants of the external environment and internal factors. In the context of accelerated integration processes, the potential of free trade areas and regional trade associations have an impact on the structure of the internal market as a whole and the agro-food market in particular. Given the leading position of the agro-food sector in the national economy and the significant share of grain exports in total exports of Ukraine, the problem of ensuring the efficiency of grain production is of particular relevance for the domestic economy.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of this paper is is to systematize the methodological bases for determining the efficiency of grain production in modern conditions. According to the stated purpose, the main objectives of the study are: to generalize the instrument of production efficiency estimation in the market of agro-food products and to identificate the determinants of influence on efficiency of grain production in the conditions of increasing openness of national economies.
Results. The results of the study of theoretical foundations of problems of ensuring the efficiency of agricultural production from the standpoint of economic and socio-economic approach made it possible to identify the determinants of increasing the efficiency of grain farming in the context of natural and climatic conditions, biological and organizational and technological features of its production. Based on the generalization of indicators of economic efficiency of placement and specialization of grain production, it is determined that the efficiency of grain production can be calculated on the basis of indicators in the context of quantitative and qualitative indicators.
Conclusions. Given the prospect of maintaining its strategic importance not only in agriculture, but in the Ukrainian economy as a whole, grain will continue to remain dominant in the development of the agro-industrial complex, both in terms of the need to provide food security and in view of the potential for increasing export potential in Ukraine in this area. Forecasts of future world trade trends by major agricultural commodities are favorable for Ukraine in the medium term, given the potential of domestic grain exports. Prospects for further study of this issue are to identify the ways of strengthening the export orientation of Ukrainian enterprises in the grain market.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PAKAPINDO (PAPAN KANTONG PINTAR DORAEMON) PADA MATERI HUKUM-HUKUM DASAR KIMIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X DI MA RAUDHATUSYSYUBBAN
Authors: Zairida Dina , Akhyar Okviyoandra , Wardhani Raden Roro Ariessanty Alicia Kusuma
Published: November 2019

Hukum dasar kimia merupakan salah satu materi kimia yang mempunyai karakteristik yang bersifat kongkrit sampai yang bersifat abstrak, bersifat rill dan dekat dengan kehidupan sehari-hari, selain itu juga membutuhkan pemahaman konsep yang tinggi dan kemampuan matematika yang baik, sehingga membuat kurangnya motivasi siswa. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan media pakapindo untuk membantu meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada materi hukum-hukum dasar kimia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan langkah 1 sampai langkah 6. Populasi yang digunakan adalah kelas X MA Raudhatusysyuban dengan sampel kelas X MIA yang berjumlah 27 orang siswa. Selain menguji kelayakan media, penelitian ini juga menguji efektivitas media terhadap motivasi belajar. Hasil penelitian pengembangan media pakapindo ditinjau dari analisis kelayakan media pakapindo dimana pada validasi media oleh ahli memperoleh penilaian sebesar 67,7 berada pada rentang X > 63 sehingga termasuk kedalam kategori sangat baik,uji keterbacaan media pakapindo memperoleh persentase 80% ada pada kategori sangat baik, dan uji respon siswa diperoleh persentase 70,8 ada pada kategori sangat baik. Pada uji kelompok kecil dengan sampel 10 orang siswa di SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk diperoleh persentase sebesar 63% sedangkan uji kelompok besar di MA Raudhatusysyuban 94,3% dengan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 30,82%
Translating the Bottom-Up Frame
Authors: Müller Oliver , Sutter Ove , Wohlgemuth Sina
Published: November 2019

The paper follows the different moments of translation when LEADER, the EU development programme for rural areas, is put into practice on the local level. Drawing on ethnographic data gathered during several field observations and semistructured interviews from two LEADER regions in Germany, we analyse how the interpretive repertoire of LEADER’s bottom-up approach is actualised, appropriated and negotiated by different actors when translated into local contexts of participative rural development. Drawing on Stuart Hall’s theoretical distinction of different positions of ‘decoding’, the article demonstrates how the ‘bottom-up frame’ is interpreted and adapted strategically from a ‘dominant-hegemonic’, ‘negotiated’ and ‘oppositional’ position.
Internet Addiction among Secondary School Adolescents: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Tenzin Karma , Dorji Thinley , Choeda Tshering , Wangdi Phuntsho , Oo Myo Minn , Tripathi Jay Prasad , Tenzin Tashi , Tobgay Tashi
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Excessive use of internet can lead to "Internet Addiction". A sharp rise in the number of internet users among adolescents in Bhutan have been observed lately which could have potential side-effects on their health. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of internet addiction and psychological co-morbidities among the secondary school-going adolescents.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional quan-qual sequential mixed method design with a quantitative component and qualitative component. The study was conducted between 1st May and 30st November 2017 conducted in twelve schools across Bhutan after taking ethical clearance was from Research Ethics Board of Health of Bhutan. Data were doubleentered in EpiData Entry, validated and imported into STATA version 12.0 for analysis. Point estimate at 95% CI was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Results: Among 721 adolescents from twelve selected schools, prevalence of internet addiction was 248 (34.440%) at , 95% Confidence Interval (31-38%). Out of A total of 586 (81%) preferred smartphone for internet use with 388 (54%) actually using it. Depression and anxietywere the associated psychological co-morbidities seen along with internet addiction. Internet addiction was high among those using internet at home, using smartphone for internet access, social networking and night time internet use were associated with internet addiction. Boredom, stress/anxiety and peer pressure were triggers of internet use. Internet addiction also affected academic performance, social interactions and sleep.

Conclusions: Prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents in Bhutan is high comparing to previous standard data which requires immediate attention.
Prevalence of Selected Non-Metric Dental Traits in Indo-Nepalese and Tibeto-Nepalese Ethnic Groups of Western Hilly Region
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Kandel Santosh , Shrestha Raju , Atreya Alok
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Additional anatomic features present on teeth are called non-metric dental traits. Carabelli’s cusp and shovelling are such traits which are mostly evaluated for identification of ethnicity. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of Carabelli’s cusp and shovelling among Indo-Nepalese and Tibeto-Nepalese ethnic group.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital from March 22 to June 22 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from the institutional review committee. The study was conducted among 274 patients and convenient sampling method was applied. Data were analyzed by the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.

Results: Among 274 cases, 153 (55.84%) cases were Indo-Nepalese and 121 (44.16%) were TibetoNepalese. Carabelli’s cusp (16/26) was noticed in 87 (56.86%) of Indo-Nepalese and 45 (37.19%) of Tibeto-Nepalese. Shovelling (11, 12, 21, 22) was present in 47 (30.71%) Indo-Nepalese and 79 (65.28%) of Tibeto-Nepalese. Further, Carabelli’s cusp (16/26) was found in 77 (53.10%) females and 55 (55.12%) males. Shovelling was present in 75 (51.72%) females and 51 (39.53%) males. Bilateralism with respect to Carabelli’s cusp was present in 82 (62.2%) cases. Presence of bilateral shovelling on upper central incisors and lateral central incisors were among 117 (94.35%) and 56 (91.80%) respectively.

Conclusions: Carabelli’s cusps are frequently found in Indo-Nepalese ethnic group and shovelling of teeth most commonly present in Tibeto-Nepalese population. Further, bilaterism for shovelling of teeth is more common than bilaterism for cusp of Carabelli.
Patients Understanding of their Diagnosis and Treatment Plans During Discharge in Emergency Ward in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yadav Ajay Kumar , Sundar Budathoki Shyam , Paudel Masum , Chaudhary Ritesh , Shrivastav Vijay Kumar , Malla Gyanendra Bahadur
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Many patients do not understand their emergency care plan or their discharge instructions. Patients should understand both the care that they received and their discharge instructions. Patients’ knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment plan is an integral component of patient education. The objective of the study is to identify and describe the areas of patients’ understanding and confusion about emergency care and discharge instructions at the BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Methods: A qualitative study involving 426 patients discharged from the emergency unit of BPKIHS using a semi-structured questionnaire. Cases who are Leaving against medical advice, absconded cases and those patients who came just for vaccination are excluded from the study. The ethical approval for this study was received from the institutional review committee of B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan [Ref: IRC/0752/016].

Results: There were 256 (60.1%) of men in this study. More than half of the participants reported not being able to read English. More than 90% of the respondents reported they could not read their prescription at all. While patient could point out their understanding of their diagnosis at discharge, most of them could not tell the names and the dosage of all the drugs prescribed to them at discharge. More than 95% of the patients could not tell the most common side effects of the drugs that they are prescribed.

Conclusions: There is a need to further explore the factors influencing the understanding of the patients regarding their treatment plan. Interventions to understand the health literacy needs and ways to improve the health literacy of the patients are needed.
New technology of coring for bottom soft sediments
Authors: Konstantinov E. A.
Published: November 2019

A new technology for coring of weakly consolidated sediment is proposed. The technology includes the original coring system and the way it is operated. The technology is based on a number of original solutions: 1) unification of the elements of the drill string, where household pipes made of PVC are used as a sampler and rods; 2) the use of the valve mechanism of a simple conical construction; 3) the method of vertical freezing of the core in open air. The coring system makes it possible to obtain the cores of the bottom sediment in winter from ice at a depth of up to 710 meters. Field tests have shown that the proposed system is inexpensive, easy to assemble and operate, but at the same time very effective and reliable. The new system can be as an alternative or complement to existing systems for coring of bottom sediments.
Complex research in the 44th cruise of RV Akademik Boris Petrov
Authors: Krek A. V. , Paka V. T. , Krek E. V. , Ezhova E. E. , Dorokhov D. V. , Kondrashov A. A. , Bubnova E. S. , Ponomarenko E. P. , Bashirova L. D. , Kapustina M. V.
Published: November 2019

The 44th cruise of the RV Akademik Boris Petrov to the Baltic Sea and the Skagerrak Strait was carried out from 5 to 30 October, 2018. The studies included the study of the structure of water mass, near bottom currents, bottom sediments and biological communities.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI DAN PENGEMBANGAN GURU TERHADAP ETOS KERJA GURU
Authors: Edi Edi
Published: November 2019

Perhatian utama pembahasan dalam penelitian ini adalah menyangkut komunikasi organisasi dan pengembangan guru serta pengaruhnya terhadap etos kerja guru. Metode penelitian menggunakan metoda survey terhadap guru. Teknik pengumpulan data, selain melaksanakan observasi langsung, mengadakan wawancara dengan pihak terkait, dan menyebarkan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa: (1) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan komunikasi organisasi terhadap etos kerja guru (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan pengembangan guru terhadap etos kerja guru SMP Negeri di Sektor 3 Kecamatan Jatibarang Kabupaten Indramayu (3) Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan komunikasi organisasi dan pengembangan guru secara simultan terhadap etos kerja guru. Penulis menyarankan, bahwa:  (1) Masih perlu ditingkatkan komunikasi organisasi lagi dengan mencipakan alur komunikasi yang lebih efektif di dalam organisasi sekolah (2) Sesuai hasil penelitian bahwa pengembangan guru berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap etos kerja guru. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan etos kerja guru dapat dilakukan dengan cara meningkatkan pengembangan guru melalui komunikasi yang baik, pelatihan, MGMP, organisasi guru, pemberian tanggung jawab yang jelas dan memberikan pengakuan atau apresiasi terhadap guru yang berprestasi.
Audit Fee Premium for Industry Specialization: A Developed Country Perspective
Authors: Miah Muhammad Shahin
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the effects of industry specialization (city-level, nationallevel, and joint-level) on audit pricing in the Australia. By using Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listed companies, this study documents that auditors who are industry specialists at both city-and national-level charge significantly higher audit fees compare to those auditors who are specialists either only at city-level or only at national-level industry specialist. However, in further analysis, this study documents that firms who are city-level industry specialists they charge relatively higher audit fees than nationallevel industry specialists, which is consistent with prior research on audit fee premiums studies concentrated in Australia. The greater audit fees charged by city-level industry specialists auditors are possibly attributed to recent changes in accounting regulations environment in Australia (e.g., mandatory adoption of IFRS). Such a significant shift in financial reporting environment due of IFRS adoption can affect audit expertise which may be reflected in this study. This study findings are robust in a set of alternative tests following prior research.
Effects of ischemic preconditioning on local hemodynamics and isokinetic muscular function
Authors: Huang Bo-Huei , Wang Ting-Yao , Lu Kang-Hao , Chang Cheng-Yu , Chan Kuei-Hui
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND:

The ergogenic effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been widely approved, but the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects are still not fully clarified.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of IPC on human isokinetic muscular function and hemodynamics during exercise.

METHODS:

In a counterbalanced, crossover study, 14 healthy non-athletic males (26.0 [Formula: see text] 3.5 years) performed isokinetic muscle strength and endurance tests of the dominant leg on an isokinetic dynamometer, preceded by either IPC on bilateral thighs (3 [Formula: see text] 5-min compression/5-min reperfusion cycles at 50 mmHg greater than the participant’s systolic blood pressure) or SHAM (10 mmHg) intervention. Participants underwent strength testing by performing three maximum isokinetic knee extensions and flexions at the angular velocities of 30[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text], 150[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text], and 270[Formula: see text]s[Formula: see text]. An endurance test was also conducted over 30 repetitions at 180[Formula: see text]/s. Hemodynamics of the vastus lateralis muscle were monitored before and after the interventions and during exercise tests by near-infrared spectrometer (NIRS).

RESULTS:

Resting total hemoglobin significantly increased after IPC ([Formula: see text] 0.048, [Formula: see text] 0.15). During the endurance testing, the oxygen uptake was significantly improved after IPC as shown by the change of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and oxygen saturation, at small to moderate effect size. However, both muscular strength and endurance were found unchanged.

CONCLUSION:

IPC improves the local oxygenation status without altering maximal muscle strength and endurance in young non-athletic males.
Said Nursi's heritage: basics of the doctrine and interview with Hulya Sahin
Authors: Kozlovskyi Igor , Bogdan Olena
Published: November 2019

This material introduces the biography and spiritual heritage of the famous Islamic thinker of the twentieth century Said Nursi through an interview with his follower Huya Sahin from Turkey
Pengaruh Personal Selling Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Keputusan Menabung Pada PT. Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk. Cabang Katamso Medan
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Su William , Vennolia Vennolia , Bangun Iin Keristi
Published: November 2019

Saat ini persaingan perbankan semakin tajam. Nasabah menjadi semakin teliti dalam melakukan pembelian dalam suatu produk yang mereka inginkan. Dengan keadaan tersebut mendorong perusahaan agar bisa menarik nasabah.Bank sebagai lembaga keuangan menyediakan berbagai jasa kebutuhan pelayanan bagi nasabah. Dalam menjalankan kegiatan, bank membutuhkan nasabah untuk semakin berkembang dan memperluas pelayanan. Oleh karena itu, maka bank harus memberikan pelayanan dan mampu memenuhi semua kebutuhan yang dibutuhkan oleh nasabah. Setiap persaingan dapat diatasi apabila konsumen bisa merasa loyal terhadap suatu produk tertentu. Cara bank dalam mempengaruhi konsumen adalah melalui personal selling dan kualitas pelayanan.  Dengan memaksimalkan kedua cara ini diharapkan bisa meningkatkan keputusan menabung nasabah.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial dari variabel personal selling dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap keputusan menabung.  Sample yang digunakan sebanyak 245 responden dari populasi 629 pelanggan.  Hasil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan menabung pelanggan.
Pengaruh Intervensi Peer Group terhadap Kemampuan Koping Anak yang Menghadapi Abuse dan Neglect
Authors: Supartini Yupi , Ningsih Ratna
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research to assess the influence of the peer group on coping abilities of teenagers who face abuse and neglect. Design studies used Quasi experiment. The population was children aged adolescents at high school, which was potentially facing abuse and neglect, in East Jakarta. The methode of sample selection was purposive sampling, determination of sample selection methdos have been due to a case of child abuse is a case that does not come to the surface/an iceberg phenomenon, so that a relatively small number reported. Methodes of data collection using questionnaires that have been tested. The results showed no significant effect of group therapy activities against child coping skills in the face of abuse and neglect (p value=0,019). The implications of this study can give an idea of how carers can provide care to children potentially exposed to violence and neglect, especially in school and can be input for health services, especially in health centers School health programs in designing the program in anticipation of or prevention of abuse and neglect in children school environment.  This program  provide feedback on the guidance counselor to develop a counseling program using a model of peer group. For the future studies it is advisabled to involve the parents as respondents.
Hubungan Ketinggian Blok Spinal Anestesi dengan Kejadian Menggigil (shivering) Intra Operatif di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD dr. Soedirman
Authors: Olfah Yustiana , Restuti Sri Eni , Majid Abdul , Firdaus Syamsul
Published: November 2019

Regional anesthesia (Sub ArachnoidBlock) produces sympathetic blocks of muscle relaxation and sensory block against peripheral temperature receptors thereby inhibiting the compensatory response to temperature. Factors that may cause adecrease in core temperature and disruption of the information path derived from the first receptor are sympathetic blockades that may couse peripheral vasodilatation. To know the relationship between the height of the anesthetic spinal block with the intra operative shivering incidence at Central Surgery RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen The research design was cross sectional. The research sampel were 72 respondents spinal anesthesia patients. The technique of sampling were consecutive sampling. The statistical test was chi square. Of 16 people with high spinal block, (75%) had shivering and 4 people (25%) had no shivering. of 36 people with moderate spinal block 21 people (58,3%) had shivering and 15 people (41,7%) had no shivering. of 20 people with low spinal block 14 people (70%) had shivering and 6 people (30%) had no shivering. Statistical test result using chi square obtained a significant relationship with p value of 0,021 smaller than 0,05 (0,021<0,05). There is a relationship between the height of the anethetic spinal block intra operative shivering incidence at Central Surgery RSUD Dr. Soedirman Kebumen
Sanitary and microbiological indicators of drinking water of livestock farms
Authors: Fotina T. I. , Nazarenko S. M. , Fotin A. I.
Published: November 2019

The article presents data on the study of sanitary and microbiological indicators of drinking water of livestock farms. The criteria for sanitary and hygienic assessment of water from a microbiological point of view are the total amount of microflora and the presence or absence of Escherichia coli, the definition of pathogenic microorganisms, including salmonella, which characterize its fitness for consumption by animals. The main purpose of sanitary and microbiological research is to provide animals, the population with quality water, for which hygienic assessment of water of infectious safety for human and animal health is carried out. Full supply of livestock enterprises with good quality water is one of the main prerequisites for successful production of quality and safe livestock products. The goal of the work. In connection with this, the purpose of our research was to investigate the sanitary and microbiological parameters of the drinking water of livestock farms. Sanitary and microbiological studies of drinking water sources for animals were conducted. It was found that in the studied samples, the number of bacteria of the group of Escherichia coli (BGKP) in 1 liter of water (coli-index) ranges from 200 to 140 000 and more. Of all the samples tested for this indicator, only 39.4% of the reservoirs met the normative indicator. Water samples from artesian wells in 12.3% of cases did not meet the sanitary and hygienic requirements for the amount of BGKP. When carrying out sanitary-microbiological analysis of samples of water from various elements of water supply systems with respect to conditionally pathogenic microflora, it was found that the samples that were collected from the wafers had the highest degree of microbial contamination. The total number of microorganisms was 107 CFU/cm3, and the coli index exceeded 240 thousand units. Examining the water samples found that 40% of the samples had an increased amount of enterobacteria. From the samples tested, 100 cultures of conditionally pathogenic microflora were isolated, including E. faecalis – 32%, E. coli – 23%, E. cloacae – 9%, E. faecium – 11% and K. pneumoniae – 4%, of which 59.3 respectively: 30.4; 33.3; 54.5 and 75% had hemolytic properties. E. faecalis showed resistance to erythromycin, cefuroxime, benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, vancomycin; E. faecium – to vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline; representatives of the family Enterobacteriacea (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae) – mainly to amoxicillin, streptomycin, levomycetin.
Vortex Assisted Extraction for Propyl Paraben Analysis in Cosmetics
Authors: Md Saleh Noorashikin
Published: November 2019

Propylparaben is an ester of para-hydroxybenzoic acid and commonly used as a preservative in the cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food products. However, several recent reports demonstrated that paraben possesses an estrogenic activity and causes cancer for the consumer. Therefore, the extraction of propylparaben from cosmetics requires method that is easy, fast, user-friendly and accurate reproducible result. Conventional techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) show some disadvantages such as the use of a large amount of solvent and time-consuming. Therefore, this present study aims to apply vortex assisted extraction (VAE) in determining the concentration of propylparaben in cosmetic samples and analyse using ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV-Vis). From the results, the calibration curve was found in the range of 0.2-1.0mg/L with a regression coefficient, r2=0.9932 and relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 1%. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for VAE was 0.090mg/L and 0.302mg/L, respectively. Operating parameters for VAE (concentration of salt, type of solvent and extraction time) and LLE (concentration of salt, extraction time, type and volume of solvent) have been optimised and subsequently applied to the extraction using the real samples. Ten cosmetic products were chosen randomly such as shampoo, body wash, gargle, toner, mouth rinse, lotion, feminine wash, face mask, and scrub. The recoveries for VAE and LLE were 76.7% -103.4% (RSD=0.1-4.0%) and 62.5%-93.9% (RSD=<1%), respectively. Therefore, VAE is the best modern method for determination of propylparaben in cosmetics because it is simpler, faster with high percentage of recovery compared to other techniques.
Assessment of Effectiveness of Emergency Response Time during Landslide Event in Malaysia
Authors: Sardi Mohamad Fazli , Sardi Mohamad Fazli , Razak Khamarrul Azahari
Published: November 2019

The number of landslide disaster is increasing in Malaysia, and its impact is significant to livelihoods, socio-economic, physical and environmental assets of people and businesses. Historically, as recorded by Malaysia Public Work Department, a total of 440 landslides in Malaysia for the period 1973 to 2007, while more landslides are not properly reported and recorded. Emergency Response Planning (ERP) with right decision at the ‘initial stage’ of an emergency plays a major role in reducing disaster impact. Response from the rescue team was varied subjected to underlying risk, hill-slope geomorphological processes and characteristics of each landslide. Many ERP elements should be considered, e.g. data on specialised equipment and organisations must be updated. This paper provides a better insight into the effective emergency response preparedness in Malaysia. This study investigates the level of preparedness of the rescue team and the community towards landslide-prone area. Analysis of emergency response time based on the Malaysia Civil Defence Force (MCDF) experienced recorded from the classical and recent landslide in Hulu Kelang Selangor. The landslide was caused by multiple internal and external factors, which mainly induced by inadequate design of retaining structures and slopes. So far, 28 historical landslide events were reported in the Hulu Kelang area from 1990 to 2011 with 21 cases of them were triggered by rainfall. The results are promising concerning emergency response time and its effectiveness. This study also addresses the issues and challenges of disaster preparedness and awareness carried out by relevant stakeholders especially in the context of landslide emergency response. Several best practices of the effective emergency response are critically reviewed and presented. As a conclusion, this study shows that an effective emergency response preparedness is crucial for supporting an effective early warning system coupled to enhanced public awareness and preparedness with structured training programs.
A SOBERANIA ENTRE A RENÚNCIA DOS DIREITOS ILIMITADOS DO CONTRATO HOBBESIANO E A “ALIENAÇÃO VERDADEIRA” DO PACTO ROUSSEAUNIANO
Authors: Mariano da Rosa Luiz Carlos
Published: November 2019

Detendo-se na transição do estado de natureza para a sociedade civil, o artigo contrapõe o caráter contingente e voluntário do contrato hobbesiano e a necessidade que implica o processo de constituição do social que determina o pacto rousseauniano, convergindo para a antinomia da relação envolvendo liberdade e autoridade que se de acordo com a perspectiva de Hobbes demanda a renúncia dos direitos ilimitados dos sujeitos em função da soberania estatal e acarreta a  instituição do soberano como representante, detentor de todo o poder coletivo e única fonte da lei, segundo a leitura de Rousseau requer a “alienação verdadeira” dos indivíduos em face da soberania popular e resulta na constituição do povo soberano, única fonte legítima do poder e seu único detentor, e na instituição da Vontade Geral como condição para o seu exercício.
A EDUCAÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ELABORAÇÃO: ENTRE MEMÓRIAS E EXPERIÊNCIAS
Authors: Braz José Mauro de Oliveira , Farias Francisco Ramos de
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo objetiva abordar a educação como mecanismo de reconhecimento de determinadas categorias sociais que são historicamente excluídas. Por intermédio da reflexão de cunho sócio-histórico, procura-se demonstrar que a exclusão repetitiva de determinadas categorias sociais não é uma experiência, mas sim fruto de uma memória transmitida de geração em geração. Desta forma perpetua-se a marginalização social de pessoas em função de seus traços diferenciados, no que concerne a uma classe considerada normal. No contexto de instituições que segregam, encontra-se historicamente a escola, que como um aparelho ideológico por excelência, não tem se voltado para elaborar as memórias que reforçam a exclusão. Com isso legados institucionais são assimilados e funcionam para a manutenção da exclusão a medida que fomentam estereótipos e estigmas. Apesar de encontrar-se em uma posição de indiferença em relação aos segregados, a escola pode surgir como um atenuante da exclusão e da segregação, onde, por intermédio da ação da pedagogia democrática, hoje concebida como pedagogia crítica, poderá construir um ambiente de convivência mais harmonioso entre categorias sociais que ainda nos dias atuais, são segregadas.
ENSINO DA LINGUAGEM ESCRITA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: OPINIÃO DAS PROFESSORAS
Authors: Peres Gonçalvez Josiane , De Alvez Barbosa Ferreira Josiani
Published: November 2019

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar quando se deve iniciar o processo de linguagem escrita na educação infantil, segundo o ponto de vista de uma professora de escola pública e outra de escola particular de um município do interior do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. A abordagem teórica baseia-se na teoria Vygostsky e do Referencial Curricular Nacional para a Educação Infantil (RCNEI). A coleta de dados foi realizada com as duas professoras por meio de observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados indicam que ambas as professoras entendem que é importante ensinar a linguagem escrita na educação infantil e agem dessa forma na sua prática em sala de aula. Na escola particular o ensino da linguagem escrita é obrigatório e na escola pública acontece de forma moderada, sendo relacionada com outras atividades lúdicas, respeitando assim o nível de desenvolvimento das crianças.
Technological Paradox of Hackers Begetting Hackers: A Case of Ethical and Unethical Hackers and their Subtle Tools
Authors: Banda Raphael , Phiri Jackson , Nyirenda Mayumbo , Kabemba Monica M.
Published: November 2019

Computer crimes have been in existence for a long time now and hacking is just another way or tool that hackers are now using to perpetrate crime in different form. Hackers Beget Ethical Hackers. A number of people have suffered the consequences of hacker actions. We need to know who these hackers are. We need to know why these hackers exist because hackers have been there and will be there and we can be victims of their existence. In essence hackers seem to beget hackers and the tools that they use are getting more and more advanced by the day. We shall take a quick analysis of selected tools from thousands of tools used by ethical and unethical hackers.We shall systematically review three major types of hackers that we can identify. It is not easy to draw a line between them. Three main hackers and minor hackers have been discussed in this paper. The three main hackers are black hat, grey hat and white hat hackers.We have adopted a systematic review of literature to discuss and analyse some of the common tools the black hat hackers have developed to hack into selected systems and commercial software and why they do it?
Comparative Study between Transoral Laser Microsurgery and Transoral Videolaryngoscopic Surgery in Benign Laryngeal Tumors
Authors: Song Ji Ah , Kim Chang Hoi , Cha Jun Sang , Kim Sung Won , Lee Kang Dae , Lee Hyoung Shin
Published: November 2019

Background and Objectives Surgical resection is the basic treatment for benign laryngeal tumors and transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) has been used effectively. Transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS) is another method of surgical resection that has been introduced. However, there have not been any studies related to the usefulness of TOVS in benign laryngeal tumors. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and surgical outcomes of TLM and TOVS.Subjects and Method A retrospective chart review of 85 patients were conducted. This review included two groups (TLM group, n=44 versus TOVS group, n=41) of patients who underwent transoral surgery for benign laryngeal tumors. Clinicopathologic factors of the patients and surgical outcomes such as the operation time, amount of intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, and complications were compared between two groups.Results There were no significant differences between two groups regarding the clinicopathologic factors and surgical outcomes. The TOVS group presented relatively larger tumor size (p=0.067) and showed a tendency of shorter operation time (36.8±34.5 min) compared to that of TLM (45.6±27.9 min), but with no statistical significance (p=0.199).Conclusion TOVS may be considered as an alternative surgical method for benign laryngeal tumors.
Makna Kode Semik dan Simbolik (Semiotik Roland Barthes)
Authors: Rokhyanto Rokhyanto Rokhyanto
Published: November 2019

Permasalahan yang terdapat dalam tulisan ini kemudian dirumuskan sebagai berikut: kode semiotik apa sajakah yang terdapat dalam novel Aroma Karsa karya Dee Lestari? dan bagaimanakah makna kode semiotik yang terdapat dalam novel Aroma Karsa karya Dee Lestari? Tujuannya ingin mengkaji secara rinci beberapa kode yang terdapat dalam novel Aroma Karsa karya Dee Lestari, dan ingin memahami fungsi makna yang terdapat dalam mitos secara rinci dari kejadian dalam novel Aroma Karsa karya Dee Lestari.

Sumber tulisan ini yakni: novel Aroma Karsa, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data check-list dan instrument pemandu penjaringan data yang sudah diberi nama. Adapun analisis data bersifat kualitatif, yang reduksinya mengikuti meringkas novel, memberi tanda, dan pengelompokkan data. Hasil tulisan ini tentang kode gnomik ini berkaitan dengan mitos tentang suatu Desa Dwarapala yang menghuni di Alas Kalingga. Para penghuni masih percaya keturunan Mahesa Guning. Hidup bersandar pada Dewa dan kekuatan ghaib.

Anung dan Suma salah satu penduduk Alas Kalingga. Delusi ialah kesalahpahaman terhadap suatu hal berupa keyakinan yang dipegang secara kuat namun tidak akurat yang terus ada walaupun bukti menunjukkan hal tersebut tidak memiliki dasar dalam realitas. Sejak kecil Suma sudah mengalami masalah dengan daya penciuman, makanya ia tidak seperti anak yang lain bebas ke mana-mana. Karena sudah tidak punya pilihan lain.   

Setelah dibuat data secara sederhana di bagi menjadi tiga bagian. Kernel 1: 1, 2 mengandung cerita yang normal, Kernel 2:         51, 52, 53, 54 mengalami sorot balik dan Kernel 3:   3—50 dan 55--61 kernel mengalami kenormaan lalu klimaks dan penyelesaian. Pada tahap rangsangan ada pada Kernel 7—42, sedangkan gawatan kernel 43--47: Selanjutnya, tikaian kernel 48 dan Rumitan Kernel 49, 50. Klimaks, terdapat kernel 55, 56, 57, 58, sedangkan Leraian Terdapat pada kernel 59 dan 60. Penyelesaian terdapat pada kernel 61, Saat itu Suma sedang mengadakan pameran parfum Puspa Ananta dan Puspa Kangga ditawarkan kepada masyarakat. Suma sedang mengadakan pameran parfum di Malll Atrium. Suma mendapat perhatian cantik, supel, mempesona, sehingga banyak fotografer mengambil gambar.
RESISTIVITY CROSSECTION NEAR IGAN GLACIER
Authors: Kamnev Yaroslav , Pankova Daria , Olenchenko Vladimir
Published: November 2019

In the Polar Urals near the Igan glacier, the structure of permafrost was studied by electrical resistivity tomography. As a result, suspicious taliks, hydrogeogenic taliks along faults and stone-ice cores of the rock glacier were identified.
ABOUT THE ROLE OF TECTONIC DISORDERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSPECTED SEISMICITY FROM JOINT EXPOSURE TO OPEN AND UNDERGROUND WORKS ON THE PRODUCTION OF COAL
Authors: Emanov Aleksey , Emanov Alexander , Fateev Alexander
Published: November 2019

According to the results of monitoring with a temporary network of seismological stations in the south of Kuzbass in the area of seismic activation of technogenic nature, formed under the simultaneous influence of open and underground coal mining, the spatial structure of activation, its development in time and connection with tectonic disturbances are studied in detail. Seismic activation near underground workings is distinguished by locality in area, a large number of earthquakes with magnitudes Ml ≤ 2. For three closely spaced coal mines, there is a general seismic activation, inside of which, as a local zone, there is the activation of underground workings, characterized by the strongest earthquakes with Ml in the range of 3 ÷ 4. Depths of foci have a two-modal distribution with maxima in the range of 1 ÷ 1,5 km and in the range of 2 ÷ 3 km. Both in the area of mines and in the area of open mine workings, the subsoil is significantly deeper than the mine workings seismically activated. The seismic process in time is not stationary and pulsating.
RETRACTED: STAT3 Promotes Invasion and Aerobic Glycolysis of Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Inhibiting FoxO1
Authors: Zheng Min , Cao Ming-xin , Yu Xiang-hua , Li Li , Wang Ke , Wang Sha-sha , Wang Hao-fan , Tang Ya-Jie , Tang Ya-ling , Liang Xin-hua
Published: November 2019

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a previously accepted tumor-promoting protein in various malignancies, plays a key role in the process of cancer glycolysis. However, the role and potential mechanism of STAT3 in aerobic glycolysis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been explored. In the present study, we demonstrated that STAT3 knockdown remarkably inhibited migration, invasion, expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and aerobic glycolysis of OSCC cells by up-regulation of FoxO1. Consistently, the expression of nuclear Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3, an active form of STAT3, was significantly elevated in OSCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and increased nuclear staining of Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3 was associated with metastasis and shorter overall survival. Moreover, FoxO1, which was also mainly expressed in OSCC specimens, decreased in poorly-differentiated tissues compared with the relatively well-differentiated ones, and inversely correlated with the expression of nuclear Tyr705-phosphorylated STAT3 from patients with OSCC. Hence, our findings collectively characterized the contributing role of STAT3/FoxO1 in invasion and aerobic glycolysis of OSCC cells, which may lead to the worse clinical outcome.
AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Hematological Malignancies: Focus on Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yan Siyang , Vandewalle Niels , De Beule Nathan , Faict Sylvia , Maes Ken , De Bruyne Elke , Menu Eline , Vanderkerken Karin , De Veirman Kim
Published: November 2019

AXL belongs to the TAM (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) receptor family, a unique subfamily of the receptor tyrosine kinases. Their common ligand is growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6). The GAS6/TAM signaling pathway regulates many important cell processes and plays an essential role in immunity, hemostasis, and erythropoiesis. In cancer, AXL overexpression and activation has been associated with cell proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis; and has been correlated with a poor prognosis. In hematological malignancies, the expression and function of AXL is highly diverse, not only between the different tumor types but also in the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Most research and clinical evidence has been provided for AXL inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. However, recent studies also revealed an important role of AXL in lymphoid leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. In this review, we summarize the basic functions of AXL in various cell types and the role of AXL in different hematological cancers, with a focus on AXL in the dormancy of multiple myeloma. In addition, we provide an update on the most promising AXL inhibitors currently in preclinical/clinical evaluation and discuss future perspectives in this emerging field.
Beyond Carbon Steel: Detecting Wellbore Shape and Cavities, and Cement Imperfections in Cased Wells
Authors: Eltsov Timofey , Patzek Tadeusz W.
Published: November 2019

The non-corrosive, electrically resistive fiberglass casing materials may improve the economics of oil and gas field projects. At moderate temperatures (<120 °C), fiberglass casing is superior to carbon steel casing in applications that involve wet CO2 injection and/or production, such as carbon capture and storage, and CO2-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. Without a perfect protective cement shell, carbon steel casing in contact with a concentrated formation brine corrodes and the fiberglass casing is superior again. Fiberglass casing enables electromagnetic logging for exploration and reservoir monitoring, but it requires the development of new logging methods. Here we present a technique for the detection of integrity of magnetic cement behind resistive fiberglass casing. We demonstrate that an optimized induction logging tool can detect small changes in the magnetic permeability of cement through a non-conductive casing in a vertical (or horizontal) well. We determine both the integrity and solidification state of the cement-filled annulus behind the casing. Changes in magnetic permeability influence mostly the real part of the vertical component of the magnetic field. The signal amplitude is more sensitive to a change in the magnetic properties of the cement, rather than the signal phase. Our simulations showed that optimum separation between the transmitter and receiver coils ranged from 0.25 to 0.6 m, and the most suitable magnetic field frequencies varied from 0.1 to 10 kHz. A high-frequency induction probe operating at 200 MHz can measure the degree of solidification of cement. The proposed method can detect borehole cracks filled with cement, incomplete lift of cement, casing eccentricity, and other borehole inhomogeneities.
Diversity of Phytophthora Species Associated with Quercus ilex L. in Three Spanish Regions Evaluated by NGS
Authors: Mora-Sala Beatriz , Gramaje David , Abad-Campos Paloma , Berbegal Mónica
Published: November 2019

The diversity of Phytophthora species in declining Fagaceae forests in Europe is increasing in the last years. The genus Quercus is one of the most extended Fagaceae genera in Europe, and Q. ilex is the dominant tree in Spain. The introduction of soil-borne pathogens, such as Phytophthora in Fagaceae forests modifies the microbial community present in the rhizosphere, and has relevant environmental and economic consequences. A better understanding of the diversity of Phytophthora spp. associated with Q. ilex is proposed in this study by using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in six Q. ilex stands located in three regions in Spain. Thirty-seven Phytophthora phylotypes belonging to clades 1 to 12, except for clades 4, 5 and 11, are detected in this study, which represents a high diversity of Phytophthora species in holm oak Spanish forests. Phytophthora chlamydospora, P. citrophthora, P. gonapodyides, P. lacustris, P. meadii, P. plurivora, P. pseudocryptogea, P. psychrophila and P. quercina were present in the three regions. Seven phylotypes could not be associated with known Phytophthora species, so they were putatively named as Phytophthora sp. Most of the detected phylotypes corresponded to terrestrial Phytophthora species but aquatic species from clades 6 and 9 were also present in all regions.