bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redistribution of Primary Household Incomes as a Factor for Reducing Inequality and Accelerating Economic Growth at the Regional Level
Authors:   Institute of Economic Forecasting of RAS, Shirov A. A. , Uzyakov M. N. ,   Institute of Economic Forecasting of RAS, Uzyakova E. S. ,   Institute of Economic Forecasting of RAS
Published: July 2022

The existing income gaps significantly limit the regional and economic development. At the same time, the high economic growth potential due to the use of consumer demand necessitates the examination of the intensification of this factor of economic dynamics, including through the resource allocation policy. The article considers the macroeconomic efficiency of the redistribution of primary household incomes at the regional level. Regional distribution of the total income of the population by income quintile groups, as well as the average per capita income were analysed based on the data obtained from the Federal State Statistics Service. The redistribution of primary incomes through the differentiation of tax rates is considered the most important factor in increasing the dynamics of consumer demand (an increment of the personal income tax by 12 percentage points (up to 25 %) for the fifth quintile group is used in the calculations). The study aims to assess the possible impact of such redistribution on the income inequality and economic dynamics of Russia and its regions. The potential for gross regional product (GRP) growth resulting from an increase in social support for the least income groups was estimated using the methods of mathematical analysis, multisectoral and interregional modelling. The calculations show that an increase in consumer spending in 2019 in the economy as a whole could have amounted to +5.2 %; the estimate of the increase in total GRP was +2.7 %. Simultaneously, the ratio of the maximum and minimum regional per capita income decreased from 5 to 4 times, while the ratio of per capita GRP (excluding interregional price differentiation) decreased from 61.8 to 56.7 times (maximum/minimum level). The calculation results can be considered the first assessment of the possibilities of overcoming the limitations of regional development caused by low incomes and their significant differentiation. Future detailed studies should focus on developing comprehensive solutions in the field of economic policy.
Bridging the socioeconomic, cultural and linguistic divides in French-speaking Africa
Authors: DJITÉ Paulin G.
Published: July 2022

La langue française en Afrique subsaharienne a longtemps été présentée comme un gage d'unité nationale, un outil de développement et un gain d'humanité. Soixante ans après les indépendances, il reste que très peu de personnes en Afrique dite "francophone" parlent le français (moins de 20% de la population dans la plupart des cas), que les taux d'analphabétisme dans cette langue restent élevés, alors que le potentiel socioéconomique, culturel et linguistique de cette partie du monde n'est pas encore pleinement exploité. Quels sont les ajustements à apporter à la politique linguistique pour assurer la réduction des fractures socio-économiques, culturelles et linguistiques dans cette partie du monde ? Ce chapitre appelle à un changement de paradigme fondé sur une recherche sociolinguistique innovante, pragmatique et pertinente, afin d'influencer l'élaboration des futures politiques linguistiques.
Mudanças na dinâmica de uma liga acadêmica em tempos de COVID-19: um relato de experiência
Authors: Gomes Gabriela Malaquias Barreto , Andrade Ana Beatriz de Oliveira , Targino Larissa Melo , Carvalho Fernando Muti , Silveira Beatriz Silva , Mendes Junior Epaminondas de Souza
Published: July 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Atividades complementares, como Ligas Acadêmicas, são essenciais à formação médica. O contexto pandêmico, todavia, impôs barreiras em suas dinâmicas e, para a Liga Acadêmica de Emergências Pré-Hospitalares não foi diferente. O alcance dos mesmos objetivos em meio a um cenário de virtualização abrupta das relações humanas requereu abordagens inovadoras que otimizassem o aprendizado teórico-prático e interpessoal. RELATO: O contexto pré-pandêmico baseava-se em sessões presenciais, em que o conhecimento era construído através de aulas e cursos ministrados pelos ligantes. O aspecto prático fundamentava-se na realização de simulações e capacitações práticas, experiências tais que estimulavam a integração entre os membros. A pandemia, contudo, estabeleceu a necessidade de adaptação das metodologias utilizadas. No âmbito teórico, são gravadas videoaulas a priori, cujos conteúdos são aprofundados telepresencialmente, quando ocorre resolução de provas de residência e realização de atendimentos narrados de casos clínicos. Por fim, para evitar perdas na integração entre membros, foram instituídas medidas como divisões aleatorizadas de subgrupos para diferentes projetos, manutenção das câmeras ligadas e incremento na prática de feedback acerca do desempenho dos ligantes. DISCUSSÃO: Os obstáculos enfrentados incluem o distanciamento das relações interpessoais e prejuízos à aquisição de competências relacionadas à docência e ao aprendizado prático, fundamentais à vivência médica. A despeito dessas perdas, a educação médica também obteve benefícios, que se revelam na maior flexibilidade de horários e aprofundamento através de métodos de revisão e discussão de artigos científicos, além da prática de feedback. Assim, têm sido discutidas maneiras de integrar esses recursos mesmo após o término da pandemia.
Photovoltaic Energy Systems Implemented in Public Buildings Located in the City of São Paulo
Authors: Oliveira Joyce Éllen Santos de , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez
Published: July 2022

With the increase of energy consumption and the environmental changes caused by energy generation, it is essential that different sectors of society seek alternative, sustainable and efficient ways to develop their activities. In this context, renewable energies generate less environmental pollution when compared to fossil sources. Among the renewable energy alternatives, solar energy has grown all over the world, thanks to new technologies, easy installation and energy collection, since it is powered by an abundant source with an inexhaustible impact on the earth's surface. Large buildings are considered potential polluters, as they can cause damage to the environment due to the amount of energy they use. The present study aims to analyze the photovoltaic solar system installed in a public building located in the city of São Paulo, specifically the project implemented in the Fazenda do Carmo Municipal Natural Park (PNMFC). A qualitative, single-case study, was the adopted methodology. Data collection was via the analysis of documents and semi-structured interviews with managers and those responsible for the PNMFC projects. The results showed that the generation of energy close to the place of consumption (distributed generation) is a determining factor for energy savings and minimization of environmental impacts. We conclude that public policies of fiscal and regulatory incentives are fundamental for the growth of the use of photovoltaic energy in urban centers
Use of recycled sand as a corrective material for soil acidity in soybean crops
Authors: Vazquez Gisele Herbst , Sanches Andréa Cristiane , Santos Mateus Leonardo Welika dos
Published: July 2022

Acidity is one of the main factors capable of reducing the productive potential of Brazilian soils, as it promotes the release of toxic elements for plants and reduces the availability of nutrients. Recycled civil construction and demolition waste (R-CCW class A) is a major environmental problem in Brazilian cities, especially in terms of its illegitimate disposal, causing floods, clogging of galleries and silting of channels, in addition to the proliferation of vectors and pollution. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of recycled sand (R-CCW) as a corrective of soil acidity, through soybean cultivation, in an experiment installed in PVA1 yellow-reddish with sandy/medium texture, acid and of low fertility with doses of 10, 20 and 40% of R-CCW, by mass, in Fernandópolis/SP. Variables related to soil fertility and to plants that were subjected to analysis of variance by F and comparison of averages by the Skott-Knott test at 5% probability were evaluated. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that recycled sand from civil construction R-CCW class A has favorable effects in terms of its ability to neutralize H+ ions in the soil solution and those adsorbed to negative soil charges, important effects as an acidity corrective, in addition to providing increases in the contents of Ca, Mg, SB, CEC and V%, greater development of soybean plants, which indicates that this use is an environmentally correct alternative for the disposal of these residues.
Gallbladder cancer in eastern India – The current scenario and the challenges for the future
Authors: SK Mallick , G Nahid , AR Deb
Published: July 2022

Background: The incidence of gallbladder cancer is high in our institute. In India, there is lack of epidemiological study to identify putative risk factors causing gallbladder carcinoma. This study was designed to observe clinical, epidemiological aspects and risk factor of the gallbladder cancer. Early detection and diagnosis will help to decrease gallbladder carcinoma related mortality. Material and methods: After obtaining institutional ethics committee approval, gallbladder cases were identified from the institutional cancer registry. Then those data were tabulated in the excel sheet in the different epidemiological parameters and its outcome responses during June 2019 to December 2020. Results: Among 108 patients gallbladder adenocarcinoma were predominant (89.81%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (10.19%). Most patients were female (64%) with metastatic presentation (86%). Most commonly encountered risk factors were Gall stone disease (59.26%). 11% patients with porcelain gallbladder causing gallbladder carcinoma were found in this study. Conclusion: The incidence has been on a steady rise in Indian population. The presentation is often with advanced disease and carries dismal prognosis. Most of the patient presented late, due to disease remain silent in early stage and also delayed and few were irregular in follow-up due to COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies with longer duration of follow-up are necessary. Keywords: incidence; hepatitis B & C virus; gallbladder cancer; gallbladder stone
A case of primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome with intermittent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis manifested with recurrent epilepsy
Authors: VS Tanwar , AA Singh , R Tank , A Saini , S Jatana , S Singh
Published: July 2022

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired autoimmune clinical disorder characterized by persistently raised levels of anti-phospholipid antibodies and clinical feature of hypercoagulability (recurrent vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidities). Primary APS is idiopathic in nature though secondary APS is associated with other connective tissue diseases like SLE. Here, we present an instance of primary APS with recurrent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a youthful unmarried female who clinically presented with generalized epilepsy. Level of anti-cardiolipin (aCL) and anti-beta 2 GP1 antibodies were found elevated on two occasions 12 weeks apart. The patient was treated with anticoagulation therapy along with anti-epileptic therapy and she responded well to the therapy. This case report highlights that clinicians should always suspect APS in female patients who had history of seizures and ischemic or thrombotic lesions on brain imaging, irrespective of presence of pregnancy comorbidities. Keywords: antiphospholipid syndrome; cerebral venous; sinus thrombosis; epilepsy
Available Bandwidth Estimation Tools Metrics, Approaches and Performance
Authors: Salcedo Dixon , Guerrero Cesar , Martínez Roberto
Published: July 2022

The estimation of the available bandwidth (av bw) between two end nodes through the Internet, is an area that has motivated researchers around the world in the last twenty years, to have faster and more accurate tools; Due to the utility it has in various network applications; Such as routing management, intrusion detection systems and the performance of transport protocols. Different tools use different estimation techniques but generally only analyze the three most used metrics as av bw, relative error and estimation time. This work expands the information regarding the evaluation literature of the current Available Bandwidth Estimation Tools (ABET’s), where they analyze the estimation techniques, metrics, different generation tools of cross-traf?c and evaluation testbed; Concentrating on the techniques and estimation methodologies used, as well as the challenges faced by open-source tools in high-performance networks of 10Gbps or higher.
Interrelation of activity in social networks, behavioral culture of health, and self-assessment of physical status among students of medical universities
Authors: Kuznetsov Vladimir V. , Kosilov Kirill V. , Kostina Elena Yu. , Barabash Olga A. , Fedorishcheva Ekaterina K. , Karashchuk Elena V. , Zaiko Anna A. , Savenchuk Anastasiya P.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: The available literature provides no comprehensive comparative analysis of the correlation of network activity of young students of medical universities with behavioral practices concerning health and disease prevention.
AIM: The study aimed to examine the correlation of network activity, behavioral stereotypes in health, and self-assessment of physical status among students of medical specialties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Medical Outcomes Study SF-36 questionnaire domain was used to examine students self-assessment of physical health.
RESULTS: The average level of self-assessment of the quality of life associated with physical health was 63.3 points. More than 40% of the students note the strong influence of information received in online communities on behavior. A stable and average-strength negative correlation was established between the network activity and the index of health-saving behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: Students of medical specialties are characterized by a high level of dependence on information received from online communities. Their time spent on the internet is disproportionately long.
Main Problems and Development Trends in Nuclear Forensics
Authors: Nitrean Alina I. , Stebelkov Vladimir A.
Published: July 2022

An analysis of the materials and reports on international forums organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency resulted in the compilation of a description of incidents involving illicit trafficking in nuclear and other radioactive materials (NRM). Mistakes made during the incident investigations were revealed, which include the lack of interaction between NRM specialists, forensic experts, and law enforcement agencies during the investigation of criminal cases, collection, examination of evidence, and formulation of insufficiently justified conclusions. The informativeness of the analytical methods is shown, the most informative of them are identified; further, the directions for the development of the methodological support of the forensic examination of nuclear weapons are determined. Additionally, the approaches of training in the field of nuclear forensics and the possibilities of involving the resources of international organizations in this activity are identified.
A Proposed Classification of Legal Symbols
Authors: Goncharova Natalia S.
Published: July 2022

Despite the wide variety of legal symbols, there is currently no scientific comprehensive classification of them. The author has researched and analyzed the classifications of legal symbols available in the existing legal literature, according to various criteria, such as the form (method) of external expression, subject of legal regulation, subject of law, state structure, semantic meaning, sphere of public relations, degree of stability of the form, method of origin, and functional role.

A system of symbols existing within the legal system of modern society is proposed as follows: 1) according to the external form (subject, symbolsactions, pictorial, sound, having a material expression, and not having one); 2) in relation to the law (legal symbols and symbols having legal significance (used in law); 3) according to the method of legal protection (protected by measures of administrative law, civil law, criminal law); 4) according to the type of law in which symbols may take place (symbols of substantive and procedural law); 5) on a territorial basis (federal, symbols of the subjects of the Federation, local self-government bodies); 6) by the author of the creation (state and non-state); 7) by content (as a rule of law and as a means of legal technique).

In conclusion, the proposed classifications are not the only ones in science and do not exhaust the possible grounds for dividing legal symbols. The multiplicity of classifications is explained by the variety of symbols functioning in the legal system, which in itself determines the objective need for further research into the nature and social purpose of their various types.
DİŞ HEKİMLERİNİN COVİD-19’A BAĞLI ANKSİYETE DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Uğuz Hacer Nida , Alkaya Bahar
Published: July 2022

AMAÇ: Covid-19 döneminde farklı mesleki tecrübeye sahip diş hekimlerinin anksiyete düzeylerini değerlendirmektir.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu araştırmadaki veriler Kasım 2020 içinde internet üzerinden ulaşılabilen ve anketi doldurmayı kabul eden diş hekimlerinden, Google Formlar programı kullanılarak elde edildi. Katılımcılaar mesleki deneyimlerine göre anksiyete düzeylerini incelemek için üç gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba pandemi dolayısıyla yüz yüze eğitimleri yarım kalıp eğitimlerini çevrimiçi tamamlamış ≤1 yıl, ikinci gruba 1-10 yıl arası, üçüncü gruba ise 10 yıl üzerinde mesleki tecrübesi olan diş hekimleri dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada literatürde kabul edilmiş, Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenilirliği yapılmış Koronavirüs Anksiyete Ölçeği (KAÖ) kullanılmıştır.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 31.08±7.78 olan, 193 erkek, 354 kadın toplamda 547 diş hekimi katıldı. KAÖ skorları, mesleki tecrübe ile karşılaştırıldığında üç grup arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Gruplar kendi içinde birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında anksiyete düzeyleri arasında ≤1 yıl tecrübeli hekimler ve 1-10 yıl arası tecrübeli hekimler arasında anlamlı fark gözlenmemiştir. Ancak anksiyete düzeyleri ≤1 yıl tecrübeli hekimlerde >10 yıl tecrübeli hekimlere göre; >10 yıl tecrübeli hekimlerde 1-10 yıl arası tecrübeli hekimlere göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.05).SONUÇ: Çalışmanın sonucunda mesleki tecrübe ile koronavirüs anksiyetesi arasında ilişki olduğu görülmüştür.
SERUM SELENYUM SEVİYESİ DÜŞÜK SUBKLİNİK HİPOTİROİDİLİ HASTALARDA ORAL SELENYUM REPLASMAN TEDAVİSİNİN TSH ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: Yılmaz Gökhan , Yiğit Ece , Pala Miraç , Mert Tuba
Published: July 2022

AMAÇ: Selenyum insan vücudunun önemli metabolik yolaklarının vazgeçilmez bir bileşenidir. Aktif bölgesine selenosistein şeklinde selenyum katılmış proteinler, selenoproteinler olarak tanımlanmaktadır ve bu proteinlerin fonksiyonlarını yerine getirmeleri için selenyuma gereksinimleri vardır. Selenyum elementi, Glutatyonperoksidaz (GPXs), Tioredoksinredüktaz (TRs) ve iyodotironindeiyodinaz (İD) gibi selenoproteinlerin yapısında bulunmaktadır. Selenoproteinler, tiroid hormon biyosentezine ve metabolizmasına, antioksidan savunma sisteminin kontrolüne katkı sağlamaktadır. Çalışmamızda subklinik hipotiroidisi olan otoimmün tiroidit hastalarına selenyum düşüklüğünün ne sıklıkla eşlik ettiğini ve selenyumu düşük olan hastalarda oral selenyum replasmanının tiroit stimülan hormon (TSH) üzerine etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedefledik.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda Aralık 2019 ile Temmuz 2020 aralığında 18 yaşından büyük olup polikliniğimize başvurmuş olan, asemptomatik subklinik hipotiroidisi olan 69 hastayı değerlendirdik. Serum selenyum düzeyi 80 μg/L’den düşük olan hastalara 3 ay süre ile yumuşak bir jel kapsül içinde oral yolla günde 83 mcg selenometiyonin verildi. Başka bir tedavi uygulanmadı. Üçüncü ayın sonunda tüm hastalarda serum tiroid hormon profiline ve selenyum seviyelerine bakıldı. Subklinik hipotiroidisi olan otoimmün tiroiditli hastaların, yüzdelik dilimler kullanılarak, oral selenyum replasmanı sonrası TSH seviyelerindeki değişiklikler gözlemlendi.BULGULAR: Çalışmamızda Aralık 2019 ile Temmuz 2020 arasında polikliniğimizde tespit edilen 69 asemptomatik subklinik hipotiroidisi olan hasta değerlendirildi. Çalışma kriterlerine uyumlu 43 hastanın 12 tanesinde (%28) serum selenyum düzeyi normal, 31 (%72) tanesinde serum selenyum düzeyi düşük (<80 μg/L) olarak tespit edildi. Üç ay boyunca günlük 83 mcg selenometiyonin oral selenyum replasman tedavisi verilen hastaların 19 (%61)’unda TSH değerinin normal sınırlar içerisine gerilediği görüldü (0,5mIU/L10.00 mIU/L) tespit edilirken, 9 (%29) hastada ise TSH değerinin halen 4.26 mIU/L- 10.00 mIU/L aralığında olduğu görülerek bu hastlara levotiroksin tedavisi başlandı.SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda selenyum eksikliği bulunan asemptomatik otoimmün subklinik hipotiroidi hastalarına oral selenyum replasmanı yaparak, serum TSH değerleri üzerindeki kısa dönem etkilerini değerlendirdik ve hastaların %61 inin 3 ay içerisinde ötiroid olduğunu gözlemledik. Selenyum eksikliğinin replase edilmesinin, teorik anlamda otoimmün tiroidit başta olmak üzere tüm otoimmün hastalıkların inflamatuar ve oksidatif hasar sürecine olan olumlu etkileri mevcuttur. Ancak bu konuda deneysel ve klinik prospektif planlanmış ve alt grupların detaylandırıldığı kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS AND NESFATIN-1 LEVELS
Authors: Dellal Fatma Dilek , Niyazoğlu Mutlu , Hatıpoglu Esra , Aksoy Fatma , Ünver Halime , Ademoğlu Esranur , Aral Yalçın
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between nesfatin-1 levels and thyroid autoimmunity in cases with chronic thyroiditis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 49 consecutive premenopausal women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and, age and body mass index (BMI)-matched 23 healthy female subjects were included in this cross-sectional comparative study. Levels of nesfatin-1, fasting and postprandial blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, cholesterol, free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyrotropin (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG) were obtained for all cases. Additionally homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and BMI was calculated and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was measured for each case.RESULTS: The mean age of the group with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was 35.5±8.1 years and of the healthy controls was 33.2±7.1 years old (p=0.324). BMI and WHR were similar between the groups (p=0.239 and p=0.317). TSH, anti-TPO and anti-TG levels were significantly higher in cases with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (p=0.023, p<0.001 and p<0.001). Triglyceride levels were higher in the patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis at the limit of statistical significance (p=0.05). Nesfatin levels were not different statistically in between two groups [0.4 (0.39-0.43) , 0.39 (0.39-0.39) ng/ml;p=0.329].CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in thyroid hormones or autoimmunity in chronic autoimmune thyroditis may not alter nesfatin-1 levels. Different mechanisms, other than nesfatin-1, may be responsible for changes in satiety and energy expenditure in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
ESTIMATION OF THE INFRAORBITAL FORAMEN LOCATION USING MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Tuncel Çini Nilgün , Turan Ozdemır Senem
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE: Determining/ Identifying the localization of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) and its relationship with surrounding structures have great importance for many clinical disciplines. It is suggested that supraorbital foramen/notch (SOF/SON) can be used as a landmark to estimate the location of the IOF. In this study, using the morphometric relationships of the IOF with the SON and other neighboring anatomical structures, we aimed to determine the safe zone for the intervention of the IOF and give some regression formulas to estimate the location of the IOF.MATERIAL AND METHODS: On the 33 dry adult skulls which are of unknown gender, IOF was evaluated using the supraorbital foramen with the 14 parameters. After the photographs of the bones were taken, measurements were made with the Image J program.RESULTS: The mean values for all measurements were given and no side differences were seen. The safe zone for the intervention to the IOF was identified with the minimum values of the parameters. The mean values of the right and left sides were used to evaluate the correlation between parameters. As a result of Spearman’s correlation test, it was observed that some values showed a high correlation with each other. Some regression formulas were created to estimate the location of the IOF. The best formula was determined as IOF= 1.632 + (0.743* SON/SOF to the IMO) + (0.184*SON/SOF to the canine crestal bone); with 96% accuracy.CONCLUSIONS: The IOF is a focus point of maxillofacial plastic surgery and dentistry because the neurovascular bundle of IOF has a great damage risk. In this study, we have given some reliable regression formulas to estimate the location of the IOF with the high accuracy.
GLUKOKİNAZ GEN MUTASYONU POZİTİF OLAN GENÇ ERİŞKİN DÖNEMDE BAŞLAYAN DİYABETLİ HASTALARDA KOROİD KALINLIĞI
Authors: Çelikay Osman , Biçer Tolga , Köşker Mustafa , Kabataş Naciye , Çakal Erman , Gürdal Canan
Published: July 2022

AMAÇ: Glukokinaz (GCK) gen mutasyonu pozitif olan Genç Erişkin Dönemde Başlayan Diyabet (Maturity Onset Diabetes of Young - MODY) tanısı alan olgularla sağlıklı bireylerin koroid tabakası kalınlıklarının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: MODY tanısı GCK gen mutasyonu bakılarak doğrulanmış olan ama diyabetik retinopatisi olmayan 30 hasta (MODY grubu) ve 30 sağlıklı kişi (kontrol grubu) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kontrol grubu, MODY grubu ile yaş, cinsiyet, refraktif kusur ve aksiyel uzunluk açısından uyumlu seçildi. Koroid kalınlığı hastaların sağ gözünde foveada, foveadan 1500 μm ve 3000 μm uzaklıklarda nazalde ve temporalde RTVue-100 Fourier-domain optik koherens tomografi (OKT) kullanılarak ölçüldü.BULGULAR: MODY tanı zamanı 4.1±5.8 yıl (aralık; 0-17 yıl) idi. Ortalama HBa1c düzeyi 5.1 (aralık: 4.4-6.2, referans aralık: 4-6) iken hiçbir hastada diyabetik retinopati yoktu. Ortalama subfoveal koroid kalınlığı subfoveal alanda MODY grubunda 370.09± 86.66 μm iken kontrol grubunda 354.44 ± 76.70 μm idi (p=0.456). Koroid kalınlığı nazal 1500 μm’de (sırasıyla 300.75 ± 67.02 ve 296.13 ± 73.45 μm, p=0.672), nazal 3000 μm’de (184.56 ± 45.53 ve 192.94 ± 57.63 μm, p=0.485), temporal 1500 μm’de (325.16 ± 59.41 ve 299.59 ± 67.81 μm, p=0.093) ve temporal 3000 μm’de (261.88 ± 43.30 ve 256.75 ± 50.83 μm, p=0.582) istatistiksel anlamlı değişiklikler göstermedi.SONUÇ: Literatürde diyabetin koroid üzerine etkilerini araştıran birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen, bu çalışma spesifik olarak MODY’li hastalarda koroid kalınlığının değerlendirildiği ilk çalışmadır. Diyabetik retinopatisi olmayan MODY’li hastalarda koroid kalınlığı etkilenmeyebilir. Bu MODY’li hastaların genç olmasına, MODY süresinin kısa olmasına ve diyabet regülasyonunun iyi olmasına bağlanabilir.
EVALUATION OF PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATION PARAMETERS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH SUICIDE ATTEMPTS
Authors: Kara Aziz , Bağcı Zafer
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE: Haematological parameters are peripheral inflammation markers that can be used to demonstrate the relationship between psychopathology and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to compare adolescents who attempted suicide with healthy adolescents in terms of haematological parameters.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The haemogram records of 765 adolescents admitted to the Paediatric Emergency Service between October 2018 and March 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. The control group was created from the haemogram records of adolescents who had similar age and sex characteristics, who had been examined in paediatric outpatient clinics during the above-mentioned period and who did not have any organic or psychopathological disorder. After implementation of the exclusion criteria, 95 adolescents with suicide attempts and 95 healthy adolescents were included in the study. The case and control groups were statistically compared in terms of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) parameters.RESULTS: It was found that in adolescents with suicide attempts, NLR and MLR values were significantly higher than in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of other parameters. In terms of NLR and MLR parameters, there was no statistical difference among the three subgroups of the case group separated according to the psychiatric diagnoses. However, NLR was found to be significantly higher in comparison with the control group of these three subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: The NLR and MLR parameters of adolescents who attempted suicide were higher than those of the control group. There is a need for more comprehensive studies on the evaluation of inflammatory parameters in adolescents who have attempted suicide.
HEMOPTİZİ ŞİKÂYETİYLE BAŞVURAN HASTALARIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Dumanlı Ahmet , Aydın Suphi
Published: July 2022

AMAÇ: Hemoptizi pulmoner veya bronşiyal vasküler sistemden kaynaklanan kanın ağızdan gelmesidir. Hemoptizi en sık akciğer kanserleri, tüberküloz ve bronşektazide görülür. Daha birçok hastalık için önemli bir ipucu olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kliniğimize hemoptizi şikayeti ile başvuran hastaların değerlendirmesi amaçlandı.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda hastanemize 1 Haziran 2018 – 1 Haziran 2020 arasında hemoptizi şikayeti ile müracat eden 78 hastanın klinik ve radyolojik bulgularını retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.BULGULAR: Toplam hasta sayısı 78 olup bunların 13 ü (%16.67) kadın, 65 i (%83.33) erkekti. Yaş ortalaması 59.31 (±16.74) idi. 58 (%74.4) hastada sigara kullanma hikayesi mevcuttu. Bunların 4 ü (%6.9) kadın, 54 ü (%93.1) erkek idi. 27 hastada hafif (<30mL), 38 hastada orta (30-100mL), 5 hastada ağır (100-600mL), 8 hastada masif (>600mL) hemoptizi mevcuttu. Hastaların akciğer radyolojik görüntülemelerinde; 35 infiltrasyon, 18 kitle, 12 plevral efüzyon, 9 bronşektazi, 8 mediastinal LAP, 1 pulmoner emboli, 1 kistik lezyon bulgusu izlendi. Hastalarda hemoptiziye neden olan patolojiler ise; 33 (%42.3) hastada akciğer kanseri, 11 (%14.1) hastada pnömoni, 9 (%11.3) hastada bronşektazi idi. Hastaların 68'sine (%87,2) sadece medikal tedavi yeterli olurken, hastaların 5'inde (%6,4) bronşiyal soğuk su uygulamalarına ve 5'inde (%6,4) bronşiyal arter embolizasyonuna ihtiyaç duyuldu. Hastaların 8'inde (%10,2) mortalite gözlendi.SONUÇ: Hemoptizide etyolojinin tespiti önemlidir. Etiyolojiye yönelik medikal veya cerrahi tedavinin düzenlenmesi hastalar için hayati öneme sahiptir.
Analysis of Costs and Main Investors of Sovereign Debt Issuances in Latin American and Caribbean Countries
Authors: Prats Cabrera Joan Oriol , Pereira María Eugenia
Published: July 2022

Sovereign debt issuances are often assessed in quantitative terms and in terms of their impact on a countrys debt profile. However, behind every debt issuance there are also a series of operational practices which involve engaging with parties such as credit rating agencies, law firms, underwriters, and investors which also warrant assessment. The costs, periodicity, and range of these engagements vary across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). This paper aims to illuminate practices surrounding the selection processes, associated costs, and priorities of debt management offices (DMOs) across LAC. By classifying the participating countries in three main categories--large economies that are regular sovereign debt issuers, smaller economies that are also regular issuers and that issued debt in 2020, and smaller economies that are non-regular issuers--the analysis identifies common regional practices, as well as differences among countries. The main purpose of the paper is to present data that may be relevant to LAC countries in assessing their own procedures at the time of issuing debt, and to identify strengths and areas for improvement that may lead to more efficient operational financing practices in the region as a whole.
Glycerol /Phthalic Anhydride Novel Nano Composite for Microwave Absorbing Applications
Authors: Zaki Batool Abdul Rasool , Rashid Farhan Lafta , Al-Baiati Mohammad N.
Published: July 2022

High-efficiency radar wave absorbing material was prepared utilizing nanoparticles poly (glycerol /phthalic anhydride), and the effect of using these nanocomposites with thermal paint on the properties of electromagnetic absorbing was analyzed and investigated. Results show that when the percentage of nano polymers is increased from 1% to 3%, with the presence of 2.5% of iron oxide, the reflectivity loss value rises dramatically. For the reflectivity up to 27.2dB at a frequency of 8.3 GH and a bandwidth of (8.1-8.2GH), there is a clear attenuation of the radar waves, which is confined within a bandwidth of GH (9-9.3GH). This material can be utilized as a high- efficiency radar wave absorbing applications.
The Effect of Chromium on the Chemical and Physical Properties of Industrial Sludge Based Geopolymer
Authors: Imad El Fellah , Rabie Fath Allah , Asmaa Fakih Lanjri , Mohammed Ammari , Laila Ben Allal
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates the immobilization of chromium in the industrial sludge-based geopolymer. Mechanical, physical and microstructure properties were used to characterize different samples. The results show that lower heavy metals addition has less effect on the compressive strength. However, excessive addition of Cr(VI) (1.5 and 3%) causes a deterioration of geopolymer matrix with a significant drop of the compressive strength. The compressive strength shows that the use of sodium hydroxide as an alkaline activator is not suitable for chromium immobilization. The use of 1.5 and 3% amount of chromium increases the conductivity of leachates, which explains a change in the microstructure of materials. This is in agreement with the results of compressive strength. XRD patterns of all samples show an amorphous structure with less effect of chromium on the crystalline phases. SEM of the reference sample demonstrates a dense structure of binder. However, the porosity of the matrix increases with the addition of 3% Cr(VI).
Strength calculation of parts based on stress state stiffness
Authors: Bukatyi A. S. , Bukatyi S. A.
Published: July 2022

In the framework of this research it is shown that strength calculation of the most critical parts requires taking into account the parameter of stress state stiffness determined by the G. A. Smirnov-Alyaev. A method for estimating the level of strain of parts and diagnosing the most critical zones of parts based on dimensionless energy and complex criteria is proposed. The effectiveness of the method that can be used not only to diagnose critical zones, but also to optimize the geometric parameters of the design of critical parts, is shown.
Isotopy of spacecraft compartment hull shapes
Authors: Belyakov A. A. , Shulepov A. I.
Published: July 2022

The goal of the work is to research the case of isotopy of spacecraft compartments in the problem of on-board equipment location. A definition of this engineering topological property is given in the article. The most frequently used spacecraft compartment hull shapes and various compositions of their casings are considered. Also, general strategies of taking decisions that determine the choice of modeling technologies and performance factors are discussed. A method of comparing various layouts on the strength of the object location performance factors was developed. The problem of on-board equipment accommodation is solved. Generalized mathematical models of performance factors are presented. Design models and diagrams are constructed. The results obtained make it possible to upgrade algorithms of accommodation.
3D investigation of heat exchange and hydrodynamics of high pressure turbine nozzle block platforms with different cooling schemes
Authors: Gorelov Yu. G. , Ananyev V. V. , Zolotuhina D. A.
Published: July 2022

Turbine nozzle blocks were tested and, as a result, problems of nozzle block lower platform alligatoring were detected. In the course of the research possible variants of cooling high pressure turbine nozzle block vane platforms were investigated. According to the results of 3D ANSYS CFX calculation the cooling efficiency of high pressure turbine vane platforms with film cooling and convective-film cooling were compared. Research was carried out to eliminate the alligatoring defect of the lower vane platform with convective cooling. Necessary changes in the design were made due to which the cooling air from the secondary combustion chamber area was redistributed over the surface of the turbine nozzle block lower platform. To force the gas turbine engine to the inlet gas temperature to 1800К and more, and to increase the cooling air mass flow from the secondary combustion chamber area over the platforms using convective cooling methods not requiring developed ribbing and impingement cooling, areas of the platforms, as well as zones demanding insignificant intensity of cooling are shown.
Influence of pad geometry and method of oil supply on the thermal state of GTE rotor tilting-pad journal bearing
Authors: Parovay E. F.
Published: July 2022

High heat generation in the hydrodynamic wedge is one of the main factors limiting application of pad journal bearings as bearings for rotors of aircraft gas turbine engines. The goal of the research is to study the influence of the oil supply method on the bearing thermal state and to determine the design factors reducing the bearing temperature. The study was carried out with the use of bearings with diameters of 100320 mm with different design of the oil supply: through oil dispensing grooves in the pads, through oil nozzles in the inter-pad space, using lead-in chamfers for the pads, with oil bypass channels. The tasks posed were solved by using volumetric geometric models with the tools of computational fluid dynamics in the ANSYS CFX package in which differential equations describing the model are solved by the finite element method. The patterns of temperature and pressure distribution over the surface of the lower, most loaded bearing pad were obtained for various options of oil supply and different geometry of bearing pads; values of the bearing load carrying capacity, maximum pressure in the working gap, the oil mass flow through the elements of the oil supply; dependences of the bearing static performance on the distance between the shaft and nozzles. Oil supply through oil dispensing grooves made in pads is a factor that negatively affects the bearing thermal state, which is associated with so-called locking of the working gap. It is shown that implementation of oil supply through the space between the pads is more efficient. The use of a lead-in chamfer with plain inserts simplifies oil supply to the working gap. The design solutions described make it possible to reduce the maximum oil temperature in the bearing by 36 degrees Celsius.
Creation of promising technologies for producing holes in parts of a high-frequency ion engine
Authors: Ryazantsev A. Yu. , Yukhnevich S. S. , Shirokozhuhova A. A.
Published: July 2022

The article considers application areas of various machining methods for perforating holes in parts with unpredictable surface fluctuations. The most effective methods of obtaining holes in parts of a high-frequency ion engine are shown. Studies of perforation technologies using various machining methods have been carried out. Qualitative relations between the geometric dimensions of a spherical billet perforated using a mechanical method, and the quality of the product surface layer are considered. An analysis of modern machining methods is carried out; promising technologies for obtaining holes in parts with a variable profile are presented. The necessity of using high-tech technologies for perforation in high-frequency ion engine parts is justified. The results obtained allow us to significantly expand the production technological capabilities, as well as significantly improve the technical characteristics of special equipment products in mechanical engineering.
Methodological approaches to the development of industrial infrastructure projects
Authors: Kurakova Oksana A.
Published: July 2022

The article discusses methodological approaches to the implementation of industrial investment projects. To date, the recovery of the economy as a whole is perceived as an increase in gross domestic product (GDP). Industrial projects play a huge role in the country's investment policy. Industrial production is a key link in the economies of countries and is the second largest source of global GDP after the services sector. Modern industry is a key component of the economy of any country, and Russia is no exception. The structure and quality of the products produced by industry plays an important role for the economic climate of the state, thereby determining the economic power and independence of the country. In modern conditions, the problem of the development of domestic industrial production is becoming more and more urgent. The Russian industry needs to modernize and strengthen its positions both in the domestic and foreign markets. However, the problem of the revival and development of industrial production is primarily related to the need to attract large investments in long-term high-risk industrial projects. Large investment projects, such as the construction of highways or industrial facilities, are characterized by a huge period of their implementation and very complex procedures for approving project documentation. Accordingly, such projects are the most risky for banks and private investors. And the higher the risks, the higher the cost of financing. The solution of the above problem requires the creation of mechanisms that facilitate the attraction of investments in large industrial projects. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that today there is a constant development and improvement of the methodology for managing investment and construction projects, but in practice this development does not always lead to an increase in the effectiveness of the projects themselves. In the case of investments in energy, chemical and other industries, as well as in infrastructure development, characterized by huge investments, the choice of the financing method is key to making a decision on the implementation of such a project. It follows from the above that improving the efficiency of implementation and management of industrial investment and construction projects is an important task both for the investment climate of the country and for the development of the industrial sector. The essential result of this research is the formation of methodological approaches to improving the reliability, from the point of view of investors, of large industrial investment projects.
Modeling and risk assessment of the minimum portfolio copying the stock index
Authors: Nikishov Victor N. , Levchenko Vadim O.
Published: July 2022

The article proposes a methodology for forming a minimum portfolio that copies a stock index. The methodology is based on the use of the index for assessing monopoly in the market (Herfindahl index) as an objective function and the formation of a number of restrictions that ensure the profitability and risk of the formed portfolio at the level of the stock index. Due to the stochastic dynamics of securities, the assessment of the degree of similarity in terms of profitability and risk was made using simulation methods under the assumption that the change in the value of each asset satisfies the logarithmic Brownian motion, taking into account the covariance between assets. The method of forming the minimum portfolio copying the stock index turns out to be especially useful due to the periodic revision of the composition of the market index, as it allows to reduce the number of costly operations to reformat the investment portfolio. The minimum portfolio formed on the basis of the proposed methodology on the one hand, provides practically no less profitability and no greater risk than the index portfolio, on the other hand, it provides a significant reduction in the cost of performing very costly operations associated with reformatting the portfolio.
Tools for improvement of the ecological environment for innovative entrepreneurship of the medical device industry
Authors: Балановская Анна Вячеславовна , Balanovskaya Anna V. , Gerasimov Kirill Borisovich
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the main problems of the development of the domestic market for medical equipment and medical devices. The main reasons for the insufficiently high share of the presence of domestic manufacturers and developers are analyzed. The purpose of the study is to identify factors and participants in the ecological environment that affect the development of the Russian market of medical equipment and determine their contribution to ensuring the development of the industry. The research is carried out on the basis of empirical methods based on the study of various sources of information. The theoretical methods used were analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction. The research was carried out using statistical methods. Building a modern and effective eco-environment for innovative technological entrepreneurship is the most important task that needs to be solved for the development of the domestic market for medical equipment. To this end, it is necessary to introduce a number of analysis tools, the use of which will allow, depending on the stage of maturity of the company and the stage of development of a new medical device, to determine how target requests for services, services and opportunities provided by the ecosystem are changing, as well as to obtain information on the status of technology and possible risks for all participants in the process. The authors came to the conclusion that, based on the presence of an extensive network of various members of the innovative ecological environment and the low activity of technological entrepreneurs in the industry, there is no effective management system that ensures the constant application of the competencies of the members of the ecological environment at the necessary time. Amanagement analysis tool was proposed, the use of which allows to provide consistent support for the complete innovation cycle of technology, consisting of the stages of knowledge generation, transformation of knowledge into experimental development and technology commercialization.
Expansion of expert activity in the development of Big Data technologies in the context of the fourth industrial revolution
Authors: Gorbunov Dmitriy V. , Dmitriev Alexander Ya. , Mitroshkina Tatiana A.
Published: July 2022

The application of expertise in various spheres of human activity at the present stage of economic development and the forecast of the role and place of a person in expert activity in the context of the fourth industrial revolution are shown. Examples of determining the main actors and the degree of regulation of certain types of expert activity, such as forensic examination, audit, and appraisal activity, are given. Poor ontological and terminological elaboration of examinations in scientific and technical activities and at the level of corporate activities is indicated. With the further development of Big Data technologies, the activity to determine the compliance of events with the criteria and the calculation of all possible risks is assumed by artificial intelligence, and making a decision on the choice of a specific option (expert opinion) and, accordingly, taking responsibility for the consequences will become the key profession of a person of the future. The university, with its experience of working with human potential, becomes the core of the development of expert activity as the future profession of humanity.