bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Going Dutch: Invasion pathways and current European distribution of non-native land flatworm species belonging to Geoplaninae and Bipaliinae with focus on the Netherlands
Authors: de Waart Sytske , Vanhove Maarten , Kmentová Nikol , Justine Jean-Lou
Published: January 2025

Non-native land flatworms can have a negative impact on local ecosystems, due to their ferociousness in hunting earthworms or snails. Accurate knowledge on the distribution of non-native populations of land flatworms is necessary to design effective policy to control their spread across Europe. The aim of this study is to address the spatiotemportal distribution of selected species of non-native land flatworms (Geoplaninae and Bipaliinae) in the Netherlands, and provide their current distribution and introduction pathways in a pan-European perspective.

Specimens of Obama spp., Bipalium kewense and Diversibipalium multilineatum were reported across selected Dutch gardens, greenhouses, plant nurseries or garden centers. European distribution of these planarians species was reconstructed using previously published datasets and from records available on GBIF. Morphological species identification was supported by DNA barcoding using a portion of the 28S rDNA marker. Introduction pathways were addressed via haplotype networks based on COX1 mtDNA.

In total, 27 specimens of non-native land flatworms were collected in the Netherlands. Their different spatiotemporal distribution pattern indicates differences in tolerance to environmental conditions in Northern Europe between B. kewense restricted to greenhouses and D. multilineatum found in gardens. Generally, an increasing trend in the number of total records of O. nungara is observed in the Netherlands and in Europe, with the highest number of records per country reported in France (1.428) followed by the Netherlands (150) and Italy (64). The high numbers of France are however artificial and originate from communication towards the public, which has not been as pronounced in other European countries. Genetic analyses suggest multiple introductions of O. nungara in Europe. Combination of morphological and molecular species identification revealed the presence of Obama anthropophila being the first record of this species outside its native range in Brazil. Our results further support the established status of these species in Europe and highlight the importance of citizen scientists in invasive species research.
Sedum simingshanense (Crassulaceae), a new species from Zhejiang, East China
Authors: She Shi-Qi , Zhang Yang , Zhou Xin , Peng Ya-Jun , Yao Shen-Hao , Zhao Xing-Xing , Yang Jia , Xu Yue-Liang
Published: January 2025

In this paper, Sedum simingshanensesp. nov. is described as a new species based on morphological and molecular analyses, and its taxonomic relationships are discussed. Morphological analysis indicates S. simingshanense should be classified in the genus Sedum sect. Sedum and is distinct from the related species S. xunvense and S. formosanum in the morphology of its solitary, light green and smooth stems, flattened leaves, larger, obovate and spurless sepals, yellow anthers, 22–30 ovules per carpel, oblique follicles, and its habitat on shaded slopes or rocks. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) also demonstrates that S. simingshanense has a highest similarity of only 97.22% with any known species and S. formosanum is the closest extant relative of the new species.
L’industrie européenne du photovoltaïque
Authors: Finon Dominique
Published: January 2025

Nous avons à maintes reprises, dans la revue Futuribles , évoqué la stratégie de sécurité économique adoptée par l’Union européenne (UE), a fortiori le rapport Draghi sur la compétitivité européenne et sa réindustrialisation. Nous n’avons pas manqué de souligner également la difficulté de concilier cet objectif avec celui du Green Deal , compte tenu de la dépendance de l’UE vis-à-vis des technologies bas-carbone (notamment en lien avec la mobilité électrique), voire le dilemme auquel l’Europe devait faire face eu égard à ces deux priorités (réindustrialiser et réduire son impact climatique). Le texte qui suit est une parfaite illustration de ce dilemme. En effet, Dominique Finon, ayant rappelé les objectifs de l’UE en matière d’énergies renouvelables, plus spécifiquement d’énergie solaire et donc de production de panneaux photovoltaïques, montre ici la suprématie des entreprises chinoises et souligne la difficulté pour l’UE de relancer cette filière afin de devenir autosuffisante. Cette analyse fine des conditions qu’il conviendrait de réunir pour y parvenir amène l’auteur à conclure que le pari n’est guère tenable et que le jeu n’en vaut sans doute pas la chandelle. H.J.
Mode protégé
Authors: Kittler Friedrich
Published: January 2025

Sommes-nous encore maîtres de nos machines d’écriture ? Que se joue-t-il derrière la distinction entre le hardware et le software ? Dans les deux conférences Le logiciel n’existe pas (1991) et Mode protégé (1993), publiées ici pour la première fois en français, un des pères fondateurs de la théorie des médias allemande Friedrich Kittler (1943-2011), interroge la mainmise de l’industrie du logiciel sur nos usages des ordinateurs et nous invite à une stimulante relecture du matérialisme.
L’Art contre le peuple ? Sociohistoire d’une rupture : l’exemple du théâtre public en France depuis 1945
Authors: Glas Marjorie
Published: January 2025

Cet article traite de l’évolution de la croyance dans le rôle social attribué au théâtre entre 1945 et aujourd’hui. L’intervention publique en matière théâtrale s’est historiquement fondée sur deux antiennes : la défense de la liberté de création et la vocation émancipatrice du théâtre. L’histoire du théâtre public recoupe celle de l’articulation de ces deux piliers, s’articulant dans une tension constante entre souci apporté à l’élargissement des publics et innovation esthétique. Le système de croyance qui fonde le théâtre public a ainsi évolué au gré des contextes politiques, du profil socioprofessionnel des acteurs qui structurent le champ, de son institutionnalisation, de son degré de professionnalisation, de la composition du public comme de l’évolution plus générale du champ intellectuel. Cet article retrace cette évolution de manière chronologique.
LiDAR-UAV Integrated Digitization of Civil Infrastructure for Visualization of Physical Condition
Authors: Arif Farrukh , Khan Waleed Ahmed , Khan Asad-ur-Rehman
Published: January 2025

Civil infrastructure is prone to deterioration due to several factors like loading and environmental agents. Condition assessment of these infrastructures is done on a visualization basis by the field inspector. The data collected by the inspector is biased and depends on the perception, experience, and visuals of the inspector. The data collected in terms of images and characteristics of the deterioration is recorded on a qualitative basis in the data log. The report is then presented to the managers or decision-makers to make decisions on the maintenance of the facility. In this era, various sensing and visualization technologies are available that can be utilized to create a digitized as-built model in 3D with exact dimensions and deteriorations, also known as a 3D re-constructed model. In this research, a 3D reconstructed model of an elevated overhead water tank has been created using laser scanning, UAV (Unmanned aerial vehicle). Artificial intelligence has been used to detect and measure cracks or openings on the surface of the structure. Deflection and rotation of the elements of the structure have been quantified by superimposing the point cloud model over the as-planned model in the interface of Navisworks.
Successful liver transplant in a 15-year-old boy with hepatocellular carcinoma, portal vein thrombosis, paraneoplastic hyperlipidaemia and hypertension-induced PRES – a very rare case report
Authors: Santhirasekaram Sathees , Amarasekara Deepa , Jayasekara Pubudu , Rajapakse R. P. D. Peumini
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Enhancing Neurodegenerative Care: Insights From the nEUROcare Training Program Study
Authors: Argyrides M. , Dasanayake H. D. W. T. , Drevenšek G. , Hagell P. , Jagomagi T. , Kisokanth G. , Nilsen T. , Prasanna H. , Rathnayake N. , Warnakulasuriya S. S. P. , Persson M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Examine the perspectives of healthcare professionals and students participating in the nEUROcare training program is essential for advancing their knowledge and skills in providing comprehensive care for individuals with neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). The study explores crucial aspects such as the perceived importance of training modules, the target beneficiaries, optimal training delivery methodologies, and the need for continuous professional development (CPD) opportunities.Methods: A total of 290 attendees (nursing professionals and students) of the International Conference on Neurodegenerative Disorders in Colombo, Sri Lanka responded to questions pertaining to the nEUROcare project training program.Results: The participants in this study had a mean age of 33 years, accompanied by an average of 6.2 years of professional experience. Findings revealed that 98.3% of participants recognized the program's relevance, highlighting its strong resonance within the nursing community. The results also indicated that certain modules, such as neurology and medical care, clinical assessment and outcome measurement, and comprehensive care, were deemed more important than others. Additionally, there was a preference for in-person training methods, with 53.8% of participants emphasizing the necessity of CPD.Conclusions: The nEUROcare training program was highly valued by participants, with almost all recognizing its relevance and several key modules as priorities. The preference for in-person training and the emphasis on CPD highlight the need for specifically designed, hands-on approaches to enhance professional growth and competency in managing NDD. Future training programs should prioritize interactive, in-person delivery methods to maximize engagement and effectiveness.
The Rise of Private Bachelor Nursing Degree Programs: Boon or Bane for a Quality Nursing Workforce?
Authors: De Silva D. K. M.
Published: January 2025

The rapid expansion of private higher education institutions offering Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSc) degrees has sparked much debate within academic, professional, and healthcare circles. With the increasing global demand for nurses, many private institutions have responded by offering nursing degree programs, capitalizing on the need for more healthcare professionals. However, this growing trend brings with it complex questions surrounding quality, ethics, and workforce development.To explore these issues, the current article examines the quality of education provided by private nursing institutions, focusing on key challenges such as faculty qualifications and clinical training opportunities. It also delves into the commercialization of nursing education, highlighting the ethical and financial implications for students. Finally, it discusses the broader impact of private nursing programs on the nursing workforce, including the potential consequences for healthcare delivery and public perception of the profession.
Acute Stroke Management and Outcome: An Experience from One Private Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India
Authors: Chakraborty Debabrata , Biswas Devarati , Puri Sakshi , Malik Abdul , Eqbal Shagufta , Aleena Insha , Ghosh Ritwika , Dey Sadanand , Sen Priyanjita , Paul Sucharita
Published: January 2025

Background:

Stroke is already an epidemic, and the awareness about stroke, prevalence of risk factors, presentations, response to treatment, and outcome are variable in different parts of a country. We aimed to study the details of acute stroke patients who presented to a tertiary care private hospital in eastern India. We wanted to know how the patient’s family members, as well as private doctors in the community, responded to the acute stroke.

Methodology:

In this prospective and retrospective study for 2 years, from September 2021 to August 2023, we included patients over 18 years of age who presented with acute stroke symptoms within 24 h and were admitted to our hospital. In relation to an acute stroke, we noted patient demographics, clinical, radiological, and hematological details, treatment, and outcome (in hospital and after 3 months).

Results:

We included 366 patients and found that 74% were hypertensives and 50% were diabetics. We thrombolyzed 24 patients and performed mechanical thrombectomy on eight of them. In a significant number of cases, patients arrived late (only 45 out of 366 were candidates for acute stroke intervention), and attendants were not immediately ready with their consent for 15 of these 45 patients.

Conclusion:

We urgently need more public awareness programs to educate everyone about the “acute stroke pathway” and help them confidently accept the benefits and drawbacks of acute stroke intervention. We need to institute more stroke prevention clinics at the earliest to address the modifiable risk factors of stroke.
Exploring the Reasons for Dropouts of Injectable Contraceptive in Burdwan Municipal area, West Bengal, India: Beneficiaries’ and Service Providers’ Perspectives
Authors: Hossain Arif , Goswami Pramit , Mitra Kaushik , Taraphdar Pranita , Sannigrahi Suman , Dandapat Soumik
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The inclusion of the Injectable Contraceptive, Antara Programme into family planning services signals a shift in the nation’s perspective and helps recipients achieve their goals for reproductive health. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), marketed as Antara injection is considered a highly effective, long-acting reversible contraceptive, but it has limited acceptability. Hence the study was done to explore the reasons for dropouts of injection Antara from the perspective of beneficiaries and service providers in Antara clinics of Burdwan Municipal area of Purba-Bardhaman district, West-Bengal.

Methodology:

A descriptive type of qualitative research was conducted from February to July 2023 through in-depth interviews (IDIs) of 40 beneficiaries and focus group discussion (FGD) among 10 ANMs-Auxiliary Nurse Midwives. Data collection was done by audio recording of each IDI, FGD, and as well as by taking notes after achieving consent. Finally, inductive thematic analysis was carried out.

Results:

The reasons for dropouts of Antara injections among beneficiaries were found to be side effects (irregular bleeding, abdominal pain), lack of awareness, and familial barriers. Additionally, the significant challenge of recalling and visiting the clinic again for repeated injections was also recognized as a hindrance to sustained usage. Service providers cited stockouts, procurement issues, and lack of training and counseling as reasons for discontinuation. Both beneficiaries and service providers cited sociocultural factors, and lack of knowledge as a barrier to consistent use of Antara injections.

Conclusions:

The current study has shed some insight into the factors for the dropouts of Antara as a method of family planning. The study’s findings are anticipated to be applied in formulating regulations that will increase compliance with Antara and make the program more acceptable and consumer-friendly.
Triptolide exhibits dual anti-tumor effects through inhibiting autophagy and extracellular matrix activation in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Gu Jianxiang , Shi Zhao , Zhou Siqi , Zhou Quan , Nie Shuang , Li Hongzhen , Shen Shanshan , Zou Xiaoping
Published: January 2025

Aim:

The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer, characterized by abundant desmoplastic stroma, has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy. Therefore, developing therapeutic strategies targeting tumor and stromal cells is essential. Triptolide, a natural compound derived from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has shown antitumor activity in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, its effects on pancreatic cancer cells and the microenvironment remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of triptolide on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

Methods:

Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were performed to determine the effect of triptolide on tumor cells. Additionally, co-culture assays were performed to explore the effects of the compound on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in vitro. Orthotopic xenograft and subcutaneous tumor models were used to explore the antitumor and antistromal activation effects of triptolide in vivo. RNA sequencing was performed to identify the pathways involved in these processes in pancreatic cancer cells.

Results:

Triptolide inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells and attenuated stromal activation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it suppressed autophagy and induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting the secretion of CXCL1. Extracellular matrix formation in CAFs was disrupted by suppressing the paracrine secretion of TGF-β from tumor cells.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that triptolide plays a dual antitumor role against tumor cells and CAFs, thus providing new insights into treating pancreatic cancer in the future.
Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte subtypes and microorganisms in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Shi Yating , Guo Zhi , Wang Qiang , Deng Huan
Published: January 2025

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and serve as prognostic markers for breast cancer. Patients with high TIL infiltration generally experience better clinical outcomes and extended survival compared to those with low TIL infiltration. However, as the TME is highly complex and TIL subtypes perform distinct biological functions, TILs may only provide an approximate indication of tumor immune status, potentially leading to biased prognostic results. Therefore, we reviewed the interactions between immune-infiltrating subtypes and tumor cells throughout the entire TME. By examining the antitumor or protumor effects of each TIL subtype, we aimed to better characterize the tumor immune landscape, offering more accurate and comprehensive insights for guiding triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. In addition, this approach could lead to the development of new therapeutic targets, enabling tailored treatment strategies and precision medicine. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiome and its metabolites influence antitumor responses by modulating innate and adaptive immunity, with specific bacteria potentially serving as biomarkers for predicting clinical responses. Various studies have identified microorganisms in breast tissue, previously considered sterile, revealing differences in breast microbial composition between patients with breast cancer and controls, as well as associations between specific breast microorganisms and clinicopathologic features, including immune correlations. The aim of this review was to provide a more comprehensive set of prognostic markers for TNBC and to tap into potential-specific therapeutic targets.
Assessment of Variations in Mandibular Cortical Bone Thickness with Its Density and Their Correlation with Age and Gender – A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Musaina T. K. Zubaida , Shetty Prathima , Shenoy Prashanth , Chathra Lakshmikanth , Veena K. M. , Prabhu Rachana
Published: January 2025

Background:

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by a decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures. It often develops silently, with individuals unaware of its presence until a fracture occurs. Insights into age-related changes and gender can aid in early diagnosis and management of bone loss conditions, like osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions.

Objective:

To assess the cortical bone thickness and density of the mandible using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), to compare the cortical bone thickness and density in different gender groups, and to compare the cortical bone thickness and density in different age groups.

Methodology:

A retrospective study was done in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology from the archives based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study included 162 patients (81 males and 81 females). Each gender group was divided into three sub-groups based on the age. CBCT scans were obtained, and evaluation of the cortical bone for its density and thickness was performed at three points. Three points were marked at the equidistance of 10 mm starting from the mental foramen posteriorly: P1, at the level of mental foramen; P2, 10 mm distance from P1; and P3, 10 mm distance from P2. In the cross section in each level, buccal, lingual, and inferior measurements of mandibular cortical bone thickness and density were done at the level of the inferior alveolar canal at these three points. Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:

Cortical bone thickness showed greater values in male patients compared to female patients. Mandibular cortical thickness and density values were significantly higher in the first age group (20–40 years) than in the older age group (>60 years). P <0.05 and was statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The results of this study show that there is alteration in mandibular cortical bone thickness and density with different ages and gender groups.
Unicystic Ameloblastoma: Treatment Outcomes and Risk of Recurrence – A 19-Year Institution-Based Study
Authors: Sinduja Palati , Ramani Pratibha
Published: January 2025

Background and Aim:

Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is a variant of ameloblastoma; although benign, it is believed to be a destructive tumor, is locally invasive, and presents a high rate of recurrence. The study aims to analyze the prevalence, features, treatment outcomes, and the relationship between the clinicopathological features and the recurrence of UA in 19-year follow-up data.

Materials and Methods:

The clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed records of cases of UA from 2006 to 2024 (19 years) were retrieved from the archives. The patient’s age, gender, location, radiographic appearance, preoperative diagnosis, treatment recurrence, and follow-up data were obtained from the case summaries.

Results:

Thirty-seven cases were reviewed, and the prevalence of UA was most commonly seen in the younger age group; all the individuals included in this study showed the involvement of the mandible. Type 3 showed more frequency of recurrence compared with the other types. Age, sex, and histological type of UA were identified as risk factors for a higher recurrence rate (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The study found a significant link between UA recurrence risk and its histological subtype. Conservative management via enucleation and curettage, coupled with strict follow-up, is recommended due to observed delayed recurrence patterns.
Exploring Plumbago Zeylanica Linn’s Anticancer Potential: In Vitro Phytochemical Analysis
Authors: Taneja Neeraj , Alam Aftab , Patnaik Ranjana , Taneja Tannu , Kaur Awaneet , Dhoundiyal Shivang
Published: January 2025

Background:

Plumbago zeylanicum, commonly known as `Chitramula’ and `Chitrak’ and belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae, is a rambling perennial under shrub grown in most parts of India. The present work deals with the pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical studies on the roots of Plumbago zeylanica Linn.

Objectives:

This study aimed to look at the preliminary phytochemical screening and pharmacognostic characteristics of P. zeylanicum roots.

Material and Methods:

Macroscopy, microscopy, phytochemical screening, physicochemical parameters, and the production of thin-layer chromatograms were used to evaluate the pharmacognostic properties of the Plumbago zeylanicum root.

Results:

Macroscopic examination revealed brown roots with an unpleasant flavor. Transverse cuts displayed visible features like medullary rays, arteries, secondary xylem, and starch grains. Powder microscopy further revealed secondary xylem elements, trichomes, fibers, and starch grains. Physicochemical properties of Plumbago zeylanicum were determined, including thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting, ash levels, extractive values, and fluorescence analysis, indicating diverse phytoconstituents in the root extract.

Conclusion:

The extracts contain steroids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates, suggesting potential medicinal applications. The method is a superior alternative to time-consuming and complex steam distillation-based isolation techniques.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Nicotine Replacement Therapy as Compared to Counselling among Adults for Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Waghmare Mandavi , Manoj Reema , Bhor Ketaki , Mane Pranali , Shetty Naveen , Pol Bhavika
Published: January 2025

Background:

Tobacco abuse is a greatest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Guidelines recommend that smoking cessation intervention are offered to all smokers willing to make a quit attempt.

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness on tobacco cessation by using Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) plus counselling (CO) as intervention and CO as control.

Methods:

A literature analysis including PubMed, Google scholar published till December 2022 performed. Articles available in English language were included. A meta-analysis was performed.

Results:

Six RCTs were incorporated in the study. Four studies presented with high risk of bias. Subgroup analysis using random model effect favoured combined treatment of NRT and CO (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:

A combination therapy can reduce cigarette consumption thus encouraging tobacco abstinence among the population.
Gender Determination from Digital Lateral Cephalogram for an Adolescent and Adult Cohort from a Pondicherry Population – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Couppoussamy Rajkumar , Daniel M Jonathan , Vasudevan Srinivasan Subramanian , Vanathan Kumaran Jimsha
Published: January 2025

Background:

Identifying sex from a skull is a test for a forensic odontologist. There are research done to determine sex based on cranial values. The aim of the present research is to assess the role of facial skeletal traits in digital lateral cephalogram to determine gender.

Objectives:

To derive a discriminant function equation to determine gender for an adolescent and adult cohort.

Methods and Material:

From the archive of the Institution, 98 digital lateral cephalograms of 52 males and 46 females with an age range from 13 to 55 years were retrieved to measure 12 facial skeletal variables using DIMAXIS-3 software. Discriminant function analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results:

On initial discriminant function analysis, Ramus height (RH), lower facial height, mandibular length, and anterior cranial base (SN length) were found to be better predictors. On subsequent stepwise discriminant function analysis, RH only appeared to detect the gender with utmost accuracy when all 12 variables were included in the analysis.

Conclusions:

RH is the better predictor of gender of all the parameters taken in this study on a Pondicherry population.
Unique Presentation of Central Giant Cell Granuloma in Posterior Maxillary Region
Authors: Singh Simran , Hebbale Manjula , Halli Rajshekhar , Singh Akanksha
Published: January 2025

Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is a reactive, benign bony lesion primarily affecting the jaw bones of unknown etiology. Its widespread clinical manifestations can make diagnosis challenging. It is usually seen in mandible but can also involve the maxilla and hence should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Both surgical and non-surgical method can be considered but conservative surgical excision is the widely used treatment approach for management of CGCG.
Intraoral Swelling: A Rare Case Report with Diagnostic Perplexity
Authors: Singh Vikram , Hada Pratiksha , Sharma Sakshi , Dubey Shivam
Published: January 2025

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are malignant tumor that arises from the lymphoreticular system. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma distinguished by the proliferation of pleomorphic large lymphoid cells expressing CD30 antigen. This case report is about a 55-year-old patient who had pain and swelling in her lower front teeth region. The immunohistochemistry report confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the anaplastic null cell type.
Airway Analysis in Patients with Asthma and Epilepsy-A Pilot Study
Authors: Dhanya M , Muthukrishnan Arvind
Published: January 2025

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder depicted by total or partial upper airway obstruction. OSA is more prevalent in asthmatic and epileptic patients due to the presence of nasal obstruction. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) using a large field of view (FOV) is increasingly being used as a preferred diagnostic tool.

Objective:

The core goal of the study was to measure the retropalatal and retroglossal space in asthmatic and epileptic patients by using CBCT.

Methods:

This prospective study was performed on asthmatic (n = 15) and epileptic (n = 15) patients who reported to the Department of Oral Medicine And Radiology And Special Care Dentistry from March 2022 to May 2022. CBCT full-skull images were taken with an FOV of 16 cm × 17 cm, and airway analysis was carried out.

Results:

SPSS software was employed for statistical analysis. When the Mann-Whitney U Test was used to compare measurement values between patients with asthma and those with epilepsy, a P value of 0.935 was found.

Conclusion:

Among 30 patients, eight asthmatic and seven epileptic patients were at an intermediate probability of developing OSA. Along with gold-standard diagnostic polysomnography, CBCT could be used as an alternative diagnostic aid in assessing OSA.
Terminalia chebula 10% Mouth Rinse, Topical Curcumin Oral Gel and Topical 0.1% Triamcinolone Acetonide Oromucosal Paste in the Management of Oral Aphthous Ulcers - An Interventional Study
Authors: Peterlouis Arulraj , Manoharan G. V Murali Gopika
Published: January 2025

Background:

Oral aphthous ulcers are the most common oral mucosal lesion without any definite remedy. Terminalia chebula is known as the “king of medicine” as it possesses extraordinary healing properties. To our knowledge, based on a literature search, there is no published study so far available using T. chebula mouth rinse alone in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU). Hence, we aim to compare the effectiveness of triamcinolone acetonide oro-mucosal paste and curcumin oral gel, which are currently being used for the treatment of RAU, with that of T. chebula.

Materials and Methods:

This clinical interventional study involving 30 patients who were clinically diagnosed with minor aphthous ulcers were randomly divided into three groups: T. chebula 10% mouth rinse, topical application of curcumin oral gel, and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide group with single blinding. The patients were reviewed for pain reduction, and the number and size of the ulcers were assessed.

Results:

Regarding the reduction in the size and number of the lesions, the T. chebula group produced superior results.

Conclusion:

T. chebula can be incorporated in the form of mouth rinse as an adjunct or alone effectively in the management of minor RAU, especially when other medications are contraindicated.
Assessment of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Oral Lichen Planus Patients: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Basu Shalini , Srivastava Sunita , Sinha Abhιshek , Iqbal Haider , Mishra Anuj , Singh Yakshi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Oral lichen planus(OLP) lesions are chronic, rarely undergo spontaneous remission, potentially pre-malignant and often source of morbidity when erosive/ulcerative or erythematous lesions are present, suggesting that oral lichen planus does have an impact on quality life.It can be triggered by psychological or physical stress.

Aim:

was to determine the influence of stress anxiety and depression in patients with OLP using ,Depression ,stress and anxiety scale 21 questionnaire(DASS21).

Methods:

90 patients were enrolled into this study. Psychometric evaluation was done using DASS-21 questionnaire. Patients were asked to rate the extent to which they had experienced each symptom over the previous week on a four-point scale ranging between 0 .Based on the score obtained, extent of a given negative emotion was classified as normal, mild, moderate, severe or extremely severe. It has 21questions divided into three sub scales of seven items each to evaluate the effect of stress, anxiety and depression respectively among OLP patients.

Results:

The atrophic-erosive type showed highest stress levels ie 16.7%,while,1.5% of the patients showed severe stress level in reticular type .(p-value of 0.005) whereas severe levels of anxiety was seen in 10.4% with reticular type, 8.3% with atrophic-erosive type and combined type with 9.1%. Extremely severe levels of anxiety was seen only in 3% of reticular type , 8.3% with atrophic-erosive pattern and 9.1% showed combined pattern. The results were not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

OLP have periods of relapses and remissions. burning sensation were high, irrespective of the clinical pattern seen. We found that the levels of stress and anxiety were comparatively higher compared to depression in patients with oral lichen planus.
Comparative Evaluation of Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin and Aloe Vera with Ultrasound as An Adjuvant in the Management of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Raj Rajamohan Radhamani Mahendra , Saravanan Thalamalai , Sowmiya Jaisankar , Sasipriyadarsini Ganesha Murthi , Shakila Kanapathy Ramalingam
Published: January 2025

Background:

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic inflammatory progressive disease and one of the potentially malignant disorders, predominantly affecting the oral cavity.

Objective:

The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of curcumin and aloe vera along with ultrasound in the management of OSMF.

Materials and Methods:

In this intervention study, 40 participants with OSMF were allocated into two groups. Group A included 20 patients who received curcumin (curenext) oral gel for 3 months along with ultrasound therapy. Group B included 20 patients who received aloe vera gel (forever living gel) along with ultrasound therapy.

Results:

Following therapies, patients in the group A showed clinically significant improvements when compared to group B.

Conclusion:

The combined therapy of curcumin and ultrasound shows potential in managing OSMF by effectively alleviating clinical symptoms without any reported side effects. It is advised that future studies employ larger samples and longer treatment follow-up.
Efficacy of Lycopene in the Management of Oral Leukoplakia – A Systematic Review
Authors: Karemore Tapasya , Motwani Mukta , Motghare Pawan , Dalal Shiwani , Panchbhai Arati , Banubakode Trushita
Published: January 2025

Background:

Leukoplakia is majorly treated pharmacologically and surgically along with counselling of patients for complete stoppage of habit. In spite of multiple treatment modalities, complete remission of lesions has not been achieved till date. Hence, future research is recommended to explore promising treatment options.

Objectives:

The aim of this review was to identify and interpret the results of the studies that evaluated efficacy of lycopene in the treatment of Oral leukoplakia in comparison with other treatment modalities.

Materials and Methods:

An extensive search was carried out using databases named PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, Embase, web of science, EBSCOhost from June 1999 to June 2023 to identify Oral leukoplakia related clinical trials involving lycopene as one of the interventions. Studies were screened based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A final inclusion of four RCTs was done to evaluate the effectiveness of lycopene alone or in combination with various drugs in the treatment of Oral leukoplakia.

Results:

Lycopene was found to be effective in reduction in size and complete healing of lesions without adverse effects. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that lycopene is potent and efficacious in the treatment of oral leukoplakia compared to other treatment modalities.
Evaluation of Variability in Morphology, Course, and Anatomical Types Observed in Nasopalatine Canal Using CBCT: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Singh Simran , Hebbale Manjula , Mhapuskar Amit , Jadhav Santosh , Mahapatra Subharina , Pillai Vedika
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

With the emerging trends in the dental practice, dental implants remain the up-front choice of replacing edentulous spaces. A detailed assessment of the anatomical landmarks, implant bone dimension, and bone quality evaluation by the radiologist is the key for successful implant placement. Knowledge of the nasopalatine canal anatomy, variability in shape, and possible pathologies associated with it are the mainstay for successful implant placement in maxilla.

Aim:

The study was conducted with the aim to study variations in morphology, course, and anatomical type of the nasopalatine canal. (NPC).

Methodology:

A total of two hundred CBCT scans were evaluated to study the variations in morphology, course, and anatomical types of the NPC, and the statical analysis was conducted for the same.

Results:

A total of two hundred CBCT scans were retrospectively analyzed. The most common morphology of the canal observed was funnel shaped in 52.5%, followed by cylindrical observed in 19.5%. Slanted curved was the most observed course of the canal seen in 38%. On comparing the above two parameters between the gender group, the results were statistically significant for the abovementioned parameters for both the groups (P value < 0.001*). The most common anatomical type observed was Type II which was observed in 67%.

Conclusion:

NPC is an important anatomical landmark to be considered when any dental procedures like dental implants are planned in anterior maxilla. The knowledge regarding the NPC morphology among the clinicians is of paramount importance in successful placement of implants and also other surgical procedures related to the anterior maxillary region.
Kimura Disease: A Rare Case with Multiple Recurrences involving Subcutaneous Tissue, Parotid Gland, and Lymph Nodes
Authors: Das Sukanya , Chavan Mahesh , Khare Vikram V. , Gaikwad Trupti
Published: January 2025

Kimura disease (KD) is an uncommon, long-standing inflammatory condition affecting the head and neck that has no recognized cause. It typically appears as a painless subcutaneous nodule mimicking a tumor. The characteristic triad other the painless subcutaneous masses include elevated serum immunoglobulin E and peripheral eosinophilia. We present a unique instance of KD involving a male individual, age 23 years, who has swelling in the pre-auricular area on the left side of the face. Establishing KD as a probable differential diagnosis is the key to prompt treatment, declining misdiagnosis, and enhancing the quality of the patient’s life.
Central Hemangioma of Mandibular Ramus Masquerading as Parotid Adenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Athisayakani Miraculie G. , Mohapatra Shreeyam , Debta Priyanka , Debta Fakir Mohan
Published: January 2025

Intraosseous hemangiomas rarely occur in jaw bones. Clinically, mucosal and soft tissue lesions are easily diagnosed, but intrabony lesions are difficult to distinguish due to varying symptoms, ranging from tooth mobility to pulsatile bleeding. These lesions also exhibit marked variability in their radiological appearance. We present a rare case report of a 75-year-old male with cavernous hemangioma of the left mandible with vague clinical features but characteristic radiographic and histological features.
“Incidentaloma” in Nasal Cavity: A Unique Case Report
Authors: Lakshmi Krithika C. , Ganesan Anuradha , Aniyan K Yesoda , Gauthaman Jeevitha
Published: January 2025

Foreign bodies are a frequent occurrence in the ear, nose, and throat region, especially in children under the age of three years. They can either remain unnoticed for a long period of time or may cause severe complications depending on the location and type of foreign body. A 16-year-old female patient reported the chief complaint of esthetic correction of teeth. On routine radiological examination, a radio-opaque mass was evident in the nasal cavity. The patient was completely asymptomatic. The mass was removed and identified as a goose-berry seed. This is the first reported case in which the patient had remained thoroughly asymptomatic for years together after a lodged foreign body. Such case reports are necessary to enhance the knowledge of radiologists in locating incidental findings so that it reduces the risk of performing unnecessary additional examinations and to prevent further complications.
Comparative Evaluation of Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia among Patients with Oral Leukoplakia and Healthy Individuals
Authors: Balasubramanian Senthil Kumar , Lakshmi Suman Jhansi , Kumar J Anand , Selvam Keerthana , Davidson S Sam Ponraj , Gomathi R
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives:

The present study attempts to evaluate and assess the presence of Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, and Campylobacter among patients manifesting oral leukoplakia and healthy individuals. The aim is to compare variations in the presence of total microbiomes in the oral cavity of patients manifesting oral leukoplakia and healthy individuals.

Methods:

This study comprised 55 male subjects, 27 with a history of tobacco smoking (leukoplakia patients) and 28 healthy individuals (nonsmokers) within the age range of 30 years and above. Mucosal swabs were collected from the oral sites of the subjects, and the microbial counts were assessed in the laboratory. Comparative evaluation of Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia, and the total microbiome of oral leukoplakia patients and healthy individuals was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.

Results:

The culture analysis of the study subject samples indicated a higher value of total microbial flora count, Fusobacterium, and Leptotrichia when compared to that of control subjects.

Conclusions:

This study suggests Fusobacterium and Leptotrichia may have a major influence in the malignant transformation of leukoplakia.
Correlation Between Salivary Levels and Tissue Expression Status of HER2 in Breast Cancer Patients – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Arthisri Anandhi Sekar , Massillamani F , Vinothkumar Thilla Sekar , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya
Published: January 2025

Background:

Breast cancer constitutes a significant proportion of malignancies among the female population, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancer cases on a global scale. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is the more reliable marker in breast cancer diagnosis.

Objective:

This study investigates the potential of soluble salivary HER2 in breast cancer diagnosis and explores its correlation with demographic and hormonal factors.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 45 subjects were selected and divided into three groups: Group A: healthy patients (n = 15), Group B: HER2-negative breast cancer patients (n = 15), and Group C: HER2-positive breast cancer patients (n = 15). Patients’ saliva was collected, and assessment of salivary soluble HER2 was performed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.

Results:

Salivary HER2 levels were 32.3 pg/ml in healthy group, 43.2 pg/ml in HER2-negative group, and 147.8 pg/ml in HER2-positive group. On evaluating the risk factors associated with the salivary HER2 levels, increased age (P = 0.007), positive family history (P = 0.006), patients with the habit of tobacco chewing (P = 0.001), and patients with no breastfeeding history (P = 0.001) showed a statistically significant result.

Conclusion:

Salivary HER2 levels were higher in both HER2-positive and -negative breast cancer groups compared to controls, indicating its potential as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for breast cancer screening.
Soft Tissue Myxoma Involving Palatal Gingiva: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Parakh Samata , Aditya Amita , Mishra Sunil , Shinde Omkar
Published: January 2025

Soft tissue myxomas are extremely rare benign soft tissue tumors of the oral cavity. They comprise of myxoid ground substance and often present as painless, slow-growing masses. Their differential diagnosis is challenging due to their non-specific clinical features and histopathologic similarities with other tumors of myxoid stroma. In this communication, diagnosis and management of soft tissue myxoma in the anterior palatal gingiva of a 22-year-old male patient is reported which clinically appeared as a routine hyperplastic growth. Both the incidence and location of this tumor was rare and has been sparsely reported in the literature.
Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy (Parry-Romberg Syndrome)
Authors: Aswath Nalini , Rakshanaa Rajalakshmi
Published: January 2025

Progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA), also known as Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS), is an auto-limitable condition with unknown etiology, characterized by slow and progressive hemiatrophy affecting one side of the face. It is a rare disorder, causing degenerative deformities involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscles, and sometimes extending to the osteocartilaginous structures, causing aesthetic, functional, and psychological problems, eventually affecting the quality of life of the patient. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach.
Comparative Study of Urethral Plate and Glans Characteristics in Experimentally Created Hypospadias and Clinical Cases Undergoing Snodgrass Repair
Authors: Rajput Manish , Gupta Archika , Singh Gurmeet , Rai Rahul Kumar , Kureel Shiv Narain , Manik Punita , Chauhan Navneet , Rawat Jiledar
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The aim of this study was to study the urethral plate and glans configuration in experimentally created hypospadias in male human cadavers and its comparison with hypospadias patients planned for tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty.

Materials and Methods:

In five fresh human cadavers, hypospadias was created by placing one blade of scissors in the urethra and the other onto the ventral median raphe and cutting through the skin, penile dartos, and urethra and laying open urethral edges were sutured to edges of penile skin to create hypospadias. Urethral plate characteristics were recorded using Likert scale and the glans groove using the Plate Objective Scoring Tool (POST). The characters were compared with fifty hypospadias planned for TIP.

Results:

In experimentally created hypospadias, all urethral plates were very favorable with POST ratio being >1.5. In 50 hypospadias, cleft urethral plate with POST ratio >1.2 was recorded in 5 (10%). Flat urethral plate was recorded in 20 with 12 showing POST ratio >1.2 and 8 had <1.2. Narrow urethral plate was recorded in 25 with 15 showing POST ratio of >1.2 while 10 had <1.2. In all patients of POST ratio <1.2, ventral migration of dorsal end of glans meatus was present.

Conclusions:

Only 10% of hypospadias match the configuration of experimentally created hypospadias and are suitable for classic TIP. Patients with narrow urethral plates are suitable for TIP with the inclusion of paraurethral plate penile skin strip. All categories with POST score <1.2 are suitable for TIP with inner prepucial graft in incised glans bed and incised urethral plate.