bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploitation of MOF decomposition mechanisms to tailor MOF-derived carbon structure in mono- and multimetallic PCN-250
Authors: Powell Joshua A. , Lin Hengyu , Hsu Yu-Chuan , Young Desirée E. , Zhou Hong-Cai
Published: August 2023

Metal-organic framework (MOF)-templated materials, such as MOF-derived carbons (MOFdCs), are attractive materials for applications such as electrocatalysis and energy storage. Unfortunately, the black-box nature of their synthesis remains a barrier to their implementation, as it is difficult to target specific structural features or properties in the final material. In this work, we use the well-established decomposition mechanism of the iron-MOF PCN-250 to design a two-step MOF calcination procedure that produces a MOFdC exhibiting both high porosity and monophase iron(II,III) oxide. We further apply this procedure to bimetallic PCN-250 to form mixed-metal oxides with an iron(II,III) oxide-type structure. While the procedure successfully produced the target structure for cobalt- and manganese-doped PCN-250, it was unsuccessful for the nickel-doped PCN-250 due to the increased corrosion-resistance of the iron-nickel alloy intermediate.
Capturing multiscale-multiphase dynamics to predict onset of lithium plating on porous graphite electrodes under fast charging
Authors: Lian Huada , Bazant Martin
Published: August 2023

Lithium plating on porous graphite electrodes during the fast charging of lithium-ion batteries ac- celerates degradation and raises safety concerns. The onset of lithium plating is obscured by the reaction and transport resistance within the porous graphite electrodes. We extend the classic porous electrode theory by incorporating a Cahn-Hilliard phase-field appraoch to account for the phase-separation of LixC6, and we consider hierarchical pore structures at both electrode and par- ticle scales using the method of volume averaging. Our hierarchical multiphase porous electrode theory is rigorously examined in Li/graphite half-cells with identical graphite materials but different capacities and fast charging condition. By obtaining all parameters through experiments, or ab initio calculations, our model quantitatively agrees with measured cell voltages profiles, and, more impor- tantly, experimentally determined onset of lithium plating across multiple fast charging conditions.
W-catalyzed Synthesis of N-Aryl-2,3,4,5-tetraarylpyrroles from Diarylacetylenes and Aryl Diazenes: Facile and Modular Access to N-Doped pi-Conjugated Material Precursors
Authors: Tsurugi Hayato , Akiyama Takuya , Frye Connor , Kakiuchi Yuya , Mashima Kazushi , Tonks Ian
Published: August 2023

Low-valent tungsten species generated from WCl6 and N,N’-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,5-dimethyldihydropyrazine (Si-Me2-DHP) promotes catalytic formation of N-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetraarylpyrroles 3aa-ka from diarylacetylenes 1a-k and azobenzene (2a). An initial catalyst activation process is a three-electron reduction of WCl6 with Si-Me2-DHP to afford transient ‘WCl3‘ species. Catalytically active bis(imido)tungsten(VI) species via successive one-electron reduction and N=N bond cleavage of 2a was revealed by isolating W(=NPh)2Cl2(PMe2Ph)2 from imidotungsten(V) trichloride and 2a in the presence of PMe2Ph. The superior catalytic activity of the tungsten catalyst was clarified by a DFT study: activation energies for the key three steps, [2+2]-cycloaddition of W=NPh and diarylacetylene to form (iminoalkylidene)tungsten species, enyne metathesis with second diarylacetylene, and C-N bond formation, are reasonable values for the catalytic reaction at 180 °C. We also demonstrated the synthetic utility of the pentaarylpyrroles 3aa and 3ba as well as N-(2-bromophenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetraarylpyrrole 3ab by derivatizing to their pi-conjugated compounds 9aa, 10ba, and 11ab.
Interrelation of HLA-I and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules with clinical and morphological signs of breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chulkova Svetlana V. , Sholokhova Elena N. , Poddubnaya Irina V. , Stilidi Ivan S. , Burov Dmitrii A. , Tupitsyn Nikolai N.
Published: August 2023

Background. For a long time, interest in the HLA peptide complex is unabated, the clinical significance of which in cancer is still the subject of intense debate. Through the presentation of HLA antigens, tumor cells become available for recognition and destruction by effector cells of the immune system. A detailed analysis of the expression status of HLA molecules by breast cancer cells is of both scientific and important practical value. It can provide additional information about the immune system to determine a further strategy for treating breast cancer.
Aim. To evaluate the frequency of expression of HLA-I and class II molecules by breast cancer cells and to determine its relationship with the morphological and clinical characteristics of the tumor.
Materials and methods. This study included 82 patients with breast cancer who received treatment at the Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Immunophenotyping of the primary tumor was performed by the immunohistochemical method (immunofluorescent staining) on cryostat sections. The reaction was evaluated using a ZEISS luminescent microscope (AXIOSKOP, Germany). The frequency of expression of HLA-I and class II molecules was studied depending on the clinical and morphological characteristics of breast cancer.
Results. It was found that the frequency of expression of HLA I and II class molecules by breast cancer cells differed. HLA class I antigens are preserved in almost half of the cases 54.5%, while HLA class II antigens are preserved in 22.0%. Associations of molecules of the major histocompatibility complex with clinical and morphological signs of breast cancer were revealed. The frequency of HLA-DR negative cases increases in the stage advanсed (p=0.029). The frequency of monomorphic expression of HLA class II with T1 tumor was 50% versus 0% at T4 tumor (p=0.032). Estrogen receptor-negative tumors in most cases did not express HLA-II class (85.2% vs 64%; p=0.034). No connection with other clinical and morphological features of the tumor has been established.
Conclusion. In most cases of breast cancer, the expression of HLA class II molecules is lost, while the expression of HLA class I is preserved in half of the cases. Monomorphic expression of HLA class II is characteristic of the early stage of breast cancer development and predominantly of receptor-positive tumors.
Clinical significance of the pathological type of tumor in common forms of ovarian cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhurman Varvara N.
Published: August 2023

Background. Epithelial forms of ovarian cancer account for up to 90% of all ovarian malignancies. Epithelial forms of ovarian cancer are classified according to the WHO criteria of 2014 into several types: the most common are serous carcinomas (70%), mucinous carcinomas (3%), endometrioid tumors (10%), light cell cancer, transitional cell cancer, mixed and undifferentiated carcinomas are rare.
Aim. To study the overall survival and progression-free survival depending on the stage of the disease, the pathological type of tumor and the degree of differentiation of tumor cells.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 467 patients with stage IIICIVB ovarian cancer in the Primorsky Regional Oncological Dispensary for the period from 2003 to 2021 was carried out. The obtained parameters were processed using standard statistical analysis methods using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program.
Results. The overall results showed that the most favorable course of stage IIICIVB ovarian cancer has a serous type of ovarian cancer, probably due to its sensitivity to chemotherapy and aggressive surgical tactics. Patients with a mutation in the BRCA1/2 genes have a better prognosis in overall survival rates. BRCA1/2 mutations are associated with an improved response to chemotherapy with platinum-based drugs.
Conclusion. The analysis made it possible to determine the most favorable prognostic factors for advanced stages of ovarian cancer, when comparing the groups of high-grade and low-grade IIIIV stage serous carcinoma, it was noted that the median overall survival, depending on the histological type, is better in the group of patients with low-grade IIIIV stage serous carcinoma. When comparing, depending on the timing of the operation performed, it can be noted that the median overall survival and median progression-free survival rates are better in the group of patients who received primary cytoreductive surgery.
Radiation induced skin reactions in primary cutaneous lymphoma patients: A review
Authors: Ilyin Nikolay V. , Vinogradova Yulia N. , Zaslavskiy Denis V. , Maria Maria I.
Published: August 2023

This review highlights the issue of radiation-induced skin reactions (RISR), emphasizes the high frequency of RISR in patients with cutaneous lymphomas undergoing radiation therapy, and analyzes numerous pathological processes that occur in the skin as a result of ionizing radiation exposure. The review systematically examines external and internal factors influencing the development of RISR, compares diagnostic methods, discusses preventive measures and treatments for radiation dermatitis, and describes the mechanisms of action for drugs used in RISR prophylaxis and treatment. RISR remains a significant problem in radiation therapy, characterized by a high frequency, a wide range of clinical manifestations, and an impact on patients quality of life. The mechanisms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of RISR are considered.
Помалидомид в терапии рецидивирующей/рефрактерной множественной миеломы
Authors: Semochkin Sergej
Published: August 2023

Pomalidomide is a third-generation immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) that has taken an important place in the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) including in patients with resistance to lenalidomide (R). Synergism of antitumor activity was obtained by combining pomalidomide with dexamethasone (Pd), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), and monoclonal antibodies directed against CD38 and SLAMF7 receptors. The dose-limiting toxicity of pomalidomide is neutropenia (4860% grade 3 for a dose of 4 mg/day). Overcoming resistance to lenalidomide is seen as a key benefit of pomalidomide in the development of triplets that can be used in 2nd and subsequent lines of RRMM treatment. In OPTIMISMM study (phase III), 70% of patients were lenalidomide resistant. Randomization was performed on VPd (bortezomib-Pd) and Vd (bortezomib, dexamethasone) therapy. Vd as control was implemented in two related phases III trials ENDEAVOR (carfilzomib, dexamethasone) and CASTOR (daratumumab-Vd). For patients with resistance to lenalidomide, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.5 mon for VPd in OPTIMISMM; 9.3 mon in CASTOR (resistant to R 21%) for DVd, and 9.3 mon in ENDEAVOR (21%) for Kd - 8.6 mon. The ICARIA-MM study (phase 3; resistance to R 94%) demonstrated the benefit of incorporating isutaximab into the triplet (median PFS 11.1 and 5.9 mon for Isa-Pd and Pd respectively; p0.0001). Similar data were obtained in the ELOQUENT-3 study (phase II; resistance to R - 90%) for elotuzumab (10.3 and 4.7 mon for EPd and Pd respectively; p=0.008). In the APOLLO study (phase III; resistance - 80%), the efficacy of the triplet with daratumumab was confirmed (12.4 and 6.9 mon for DPd and Pd respectively; p = 0.0018). In the present review, the focus is on the consideration of treatment regimens that are of relevance to Russian clinical practice.
Nutritional support for primary patients with esophageal cancer (analytical review)
Authors: Obukhova Olga A. , Kurmukov Ildar A. , Abu-Khaidar Omar B.
Published: August 2023

In order to study the feasibility and safety of nutritional support in primary esophageal cancer, an analysis of publications on the topic in the medical databases e-Library, PubMed, Medline was performed. Based on the data obtained, it is shown how anorexia-cachexia syndrome is diagnosed in patients with primary esophageal cancer, which transforms into sarcopenia. Nutritional support provided in the perioperative period improves the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment. When conducting systemic antitumor treatment, nutritional support is considered as an integral component of complex therapy, allowing to achieve the best results at all stages of the treatment process, as well as after its completion. The drug of choice is enteral nutrition with a high protein and energy content.
The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary resectable pancreatic cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Khatkov Igor E. , Semenov Nikolai N. , Izrailov Roman E. , Efanov Mikhail G. , Dalgatov Kamil D. , Zhukova Liudmila G.
Published: August 2023

Background. Currently available data on the efficacy and indications for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary resectable pancreatic cancer are contradictory and not clearly defined.
Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and primary surgical treatment followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary resectable pancreatic cancer.
Materials and methods. In our study, the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was retrospectively evaluated in 45 patients and in 153 patients with primary surgical treatment and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy.
Results. With a median follow-up of 41.7 months. Both, recurrence free survival in the group of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical treatment (n=33; 73%) and in the group with surgical treatment and subsequent adjuvant chemotherapy (13.9 and 19.5 months; p=0.35) and overall survival (28.4 months vs 33.7 months; p=0.29) were no different. The CA level of 19.9500 IU/ml in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was observed in 20 (44.4%) patients. At the same time, surgical treatment was performed only in 11 (55%) patients. At the same time, at the CA 19.9 level 500 IU/ml, at the end of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical treatment was not performed in only 3 (12%) patients (p=0.005).
Conclusion. The long-term results of treatment of patients with primary resectable pancreatic cancer, whose first stage was neoadjuvant chemotherapy, practically do not differ from the group whose treatment began with surgery. Treatment of patients with an initially high (500 IU/ml) level of CA 19.9 is preferable to start with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who may have doubts about the likelihood of adjuvant chemotherapy (general condition, social adaptation, place of residence), it is also preferable to start treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. It is necessary to change the algorithm of examination of patients, especially those with a level of CA 19.9500 IU/ml, to exclude a greater prevalence, for example, performing diagnostic laparoscopy to exclude metastases in the peritoneum.
Experience of surgical treatment of hemangioma of the spleen. A clinical case
Authors: Chekini Antonio K. , Novikov Dmitriy V. , Avturkhanov Timur M. , Mkrtumyan Radik A. , Novikova Anna O.
Published: August 2023

Focal mass lesions of the spleen are considered rare. The mass lesions of the spleen usually include malignant and benign tumors, true, false, and parasitic cysts, abscesses, hematomas, and spleen infarctions. Hemangiomas are considered the most common benign neoplasms. Abscesses or spleen infarctions have severe symptoms, pronounced laboratory test changes, disturb the patient and force him to seek help. In contrast, small benign and sometimes malignant neoplasms are asymptomatic for a long time and often are incidental findings. A 38-year-old patient with splenomegaly was admitted to the thoracic surgery center of the Private healthcare institution, Central Clinical Hospital "RZD-Medicine". Abdominal computed tomography showed an enlarged spleen. The blood tests were within the reference values. Given the large size of the spleen, the need to exclude marginal zone lymphoma, clinical presentation, and the risk of spleen rupture, a splenectomy was performed.
Hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine as the drug of choice for the prevention of paraprosthetic seromas in breast reconstructive surgery: A retrospective study
Authors: Khodyrev Sergey A. , Shabaev Ramis M. , Kolyadina Irina V. , Starokon Pavel M. , Levchuk Aleksandr L. , Samoylenko Vyacheslav M.
Published: August 2023

Background. The most common complication in breast reconstructive surgery using silicone implants after radical treatment for neoplasms is long-lasting lymphorrhea after the resection stage, which threatens the development of postoperative complications. The improvement of the surgical technique of reconstructive and reconstructive operations on the mammary gland does not allow to exclude tissue injury with the formation of a cavity, into which foreign materials (mesh endoprosthesis, silicone implant) are subsequently installed, which are one of the main factors in the formation of seroma. Optimization of pharmacotherapy support in the early postoperative period allows to minimize the manifestations of lymphorrhea and serogenesis, to improve the quality of life of patients.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 75 patients who underwent reconstructive breast surgery in the combined and complex treatment of breast cancer was carried out. The patients were divided into two representative groups depending on the intake of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine, a pyrimidine-type drug. At the same time, in one of the groups, hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine was prescribed in accordance with the instructions for the use of this drug in order to optimize the wound process and prevent purulent-inflammatory disorders in the early postoperative period.
Results. In group 1 patients taking hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine, there was a decrease in the duration of lymphorrhea by 2 times from 5.4 days (group 2) to 2.6 days after surgery. In addition, no cases of paraprosthetic seroma formation were recorded in group 1, while puncture management of paraprosthetic lymphocele was performed in 16 patients of group 2.
Conclusion. The inclusion of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine in the pharmacotherapy of maintenance in the early postoperative period in the study group of patients made it possible to significantly reduce the duration and volume of lymphorrhea, remove trapping drains from the paraprosthetic space earlier, prevent the formation of paraprosthetic seroma and the development of other, more formidable complications (suppuration, capsular contracture, silicone implant extrusion).
Diagnosis and treatment of prediabetes as prevention of type 2 diabetes: A review
Authors: Petunina Nina A. , Martirosian Narine S. , Khachaturov Mikhail V. , Zhutaeva Maria A. , Shaposhnikova Anastasiia A. , Karpenko Elizaveta V. , Abdulganieva Zaynab A.
Published: August 2023

Prediabetes is defined as a disorder in which the criteria for diabetes mellitus are not met, but normal blood glucose values are exceeded; this intermediate hyperglycemia is associated with a high risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus continues to grow steadily, and therefore the role of timely interventions at the stage of prediabetes is obvious. A modern approach to preventing the progression of prediabetes includes correcting risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, weight loss and/or prevention of weight gain, and improving the quality of life. The first-line therapy for prediabetes is lifestyle modification, which includes changes in diet, physical activity, weight management, bad habits, and sleep hygiene. Thus, a non-pharmacological approach to the treatment of patients, aimed at reducing excess weight, plays a major role. In conditions of insufficient effectiveness of measures to change lifestyle, it is advisable to prescribe drug therapy. Metformin is the first-line drug for preventing the progression of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. In addition to lifestyle modification, orlistat, drugs from the group of GLP-1 analogues, thiazolidinediones, and acarbose have also demonstrated their effectiveness. Bariatric surgery is associated with improved glycemic control in prediabetic patients.
Assessment of Air Pollution Using Plant Chlorophyll Concentration Reduction Criterion in Benin City, Edo State
Authors:   Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, P.M.B. 1154, Benin City 300283, Edo State, Nigeriia, Akinnibosun H.A , Onyekwere C.C ,   Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, University of Benin, P.M.B. 1154, Benin City 300283, Edo State, Nigeria., Ebun-Igbeare E.O. , Ekevwo P.O
Published: August 2023

Air pollution assessment was carried out using chlorophyll concentration reduction criterion of some higher plants leaves such as (Masquerade tree) Polyathia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites, (Mango) Mangifera indica Linn. (Guava) Psidium guajava Linn. and (Indian Almond) Terminalia catappa Linn. as the bio-indicator species. The study was carried out at three (3) different locations namely polluted area (Ring Road, Benin City), slightly polluted area (Ekosodin Gate) and unpolluted area (Professor’s Staff Quarters) inside University of Benin, Ugbowo Campus, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Chlorophyll content of intact matured leaves of study plants were measured in situ using a hand-held digital chlorophyll content meter CCM 200 Plus. The study revealed that there were significant reduction (P < 0.05) of chlorophyll concentration at Ring Road area and Ekosodin Gate area when compared with plants at Professors’ Quarters. The percentage chlorophyll reduction at Ring Road and Ekosodin Gate in Polyathia longifolia, Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava, and Terminalia catappa leaves in relation to the Professors’ Quarters were 46.63 %, 45.08 %, 45.03 %, 31.79 % and 23.85 %, 25.46 %, 23.94 %, 25.71 % respectively. These results confirmed that Ring Road is highly polluted than the other study areas. This study revealed that changes occurred in chlorophyll content of plants due to air pollution and that plant act as a sink for air pollutant which deteriorates their photosynthetic pigments which invariably leads to reduction in plant productivity. This study, therefore shows that plants chlorophyll content can be used as bio-indicator of pollution.
Normal Diet and Linoleic-Enriched Sunflower Oil Improved Sperm Variables but Not Reproductive Hormones in Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Oyelowo Oluwakemi T. , Oludare Gabriel O. , Onyeyiriuche Patrick
Published: August 2023

Male reproductive processes are impacted by edible fats. The present work studied the effect of the consumption of a sunflower-enriched diet on sperm variables and reproductive hormones in male rats. A total of twenty male Wistar rats were used in this study. The Control group received the regular rat chow while the Treated group received the regular rat chow supplemented with 25% linoleic sunflower oil. After 28 days sperm variables, and reproductive hormones were assessed. There was no significant difference in the serum testosterone and prolactin levels in the group fed sunflower-enriched diet compared to the control group. The serum LDH and the seminal vesicle fructose levels were significantly increased in the animals fed sunflower enriched diet compared to the control animals. The sperm count and sperm motility levels were significantly higher in the rats fed sunflower enriched diet compared to the control rats. The current findings imply that while 25% linoleic sunflower oil might increase sperm characteristics, it might not have the same effect on testosterone levels.
Discovery of Eriodictyol as Putative Exportin-1 Inhibitor for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Adigun Temidayo Olamide , Sulaiman Faoziyat Adenike , Na'Allah Asiat , Alabi Mutiu A. , Odo Christian Emeka , Adebamiji Eunice Toluwalope ,   Department of Biotechnology, Nigeria Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria, Oluwadare Itunu Ayomikun ,   Department of Biochemistry, School of Science, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria, Ozojiofor Ugochukwu Okechukwu , Omoniyi Adedayo Pius , Joel Wisdom O. , Aina Kehinde Oyebola ,   Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Alejolowo Omokolade O. , Akiode Saheed Olatunbosun , Adeegbe Janet F. ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete,   epartment of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike,   Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria,   Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHESTCO), P.M.B. 186, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria,   Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

Exportin-1, the ubiquitous nuclear protein transporter, is widely confirmed as an active chemotherapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer conditions, while Juglans mandshurica is a well-studied anticancer plant in some lung cancer cell lines. We intend to find a novel exportin-1 inhibitor from Juglans mandshurica with better potential, tolerability and pharmaco-dynamo-kinetic properties than the current selective inhibitors of nuclear export in non-small cell lung cancer treatment. OSIRIS DataWarrior, along with Glide standard precision docking, and other Glide modules were employed for compound properties exploration, docking simulations, free energy calculations against exportin-1; density functional theory analysis of the compounds were carried out to estimate their electronic stability, while web-based SWISSADME was employed for ADMET and synthetic accessibility evaluations. This study reveals eriodictyol as having higher binding free energy (-40 kcal/mol) than that of standard (-39.56 kcal/mol) in exportin-1 active site, better synthetic accessibility score (3.15 versus 3.29), high GI absorption, non-blood brain barrier permeant, lacks Brenk and PAINS alert, obeying Lipinski’s, Ghose’s, Veber’s, Egan’s, and Muegge’s rule of drug-likeness and lead-likeness as well as non-cytotoxic to HepG2 cells. We therefore found eriodictyol as a lead-like, non-toxic exportin-1 inhibitor with good predictive stability and pharmacokinetic potential and thus provided data for further validation of eriodictyol as a candidate exportin-1 inhibitor in both preclinical and clinical studies involving lung cancer therapy.
Antifungal Activity of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaf Extract against Pathogens Associated with Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Spoilage
Authors:   Deparment of Plant Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Chime Anthonia Odinita , Aiwansoba Raymond Osas
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract against fungal phytopathogens isolated from diseased tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) fruit. Diseased tomato fruits were obtained and to establish a mixed culture. Two distinctive fungi were identified on the mixed cultures and subculture into freshly prepared potato dextrose agar medium. The fungal isolates were identified using the cultural characterization. Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves were obtained and used to prepare water extract. The antifungal activity of the neem leaf extract was evaluated using the poison plate method. Mycelial growth was measured and recorded. The results showed that two fungal pathogens were isolated from the diseased tomato fruit. The cultural characterization of the two isolates revealed the identity of the fungal isolates to be Diaporthe and Xylaria species. There was a significant reduction in the mycelia growth of Diaporthe species with values of 2.210±0.34, 1.42±0.37, and 0.61±0.16 cm for the 25, 50, and 100% neem leaf extract, respectively, compared to the control (3.67±0.34 cm), indicating antifungal activity of the neem leaf extract. Conversely, only the 25 and 50% neem extract showed antifungal activity against Xylaria species. The findings of the present study suggest that neem leaf extract could be used to preserve tomato fruits from fungal pathogens causing spoilage.
Catalyst Role of University Green Entrepreneurial Support Promoting Green Entrepreneurial Inclinations Among Youth: Empirical Evidence from Oman
Authors: Sulaiman Mohammed Ali Bait Ali , Asad Muzaffar , Ismail Mohammed Yousoof , Shabbir Muhammad Salman
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the green entrepreneurial inclination of youth and sustainable development in Sultanate of Oman. It has a secondary objective of stimulating more research in areas identified as still being under‐explored.
 
Theoretical framework: The framework is developed covering the personality factors, support factors and inclination towards green entrepreneurship furthermore the moderating role of institutional support has been inculcated.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper is discursive using quantitative research methodology, based on analysis and synthesis of green entrepreneurial literature the framework was developed. The data has been collected from 384 students studying in Dhofar University and University and Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah. Structural Equation modelling has been conducted to test the model.
 
Findings: Despite a broad spectrum of disciplines that investigate green entrepreneurial inclination and despite this special issue in the area of entrepreneurship, there are still areas open for research into green entrepreneurial intentions. The paper develops a model to explain green entrepreneurial inclination.
 
Research limitations/Implications: As a conceptual paper, the study is limited to literature and prior empirical research. It offers the benefit of new research directions for researchers/ universities in understanding and promoting the culture of green entrepreneurship among university students. The paper provides researchers with a proposed and tested integrated model of green entrepreneurial inclination.
 
Originality/Value: The paper links a significant body of literature within a unifying theoretical framework and identifies under‐researched areas of green entrepreneurial inclination of youth in an entrepreneurship context.
A Variety of DeMorgan Negations in Relevant Logics
Authors: Robles Gemma , Mendez José
Published: August 2023

The present paper is inspired by Sylvan and Plumwood’s logicBM defined in “Non-normal relevant logics” and by their treatmentof negation with the ∗-operator in “The semantics of first-degree en-tailment”. Given a positive logic L including Routley and Meyer’sbasic positive logic and included in either the positive fragment of Eor in that of RW, we investigate the essential De Morgan negation ex-pansions of L and determine all the deductive relations they maintainto each other. A Routley-Meyer semantics is provided for each logicdefined in the paper.
El uso de la metodología basada en proyectos en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas de los estudiantes
Authors: Arias Muñoz Luis Humberto , Borja Ramos Oswaldo Rafael , García Herrera Galud Del Rocío , Troya Chasi Jaime Alfredo
Published: August 2023

La presente investigación se desarrolló analizando el uso de la metodología basada en proyectos en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas en los estudiantes en el proceso de aprendizaje dentro de la clase con el propósito de propulsar su aplicación aplicarlo a situaciones prácticas; el estudio ayudará a fomentar entornos de aprendizaje, habilidades cognitivas, destrezas más dinámicas y activas, lo que permitirá complementar el proceso de formación del estudiante del siglo XXI; estas estrategias sirven como un refuerzo pedagógico para que los niños, niñas y adolescentes desarrollen un pensamiento crítico-reflexivo por medio de las metodologías basadas en proyectos. Se recomienda que el docente se innove y capacite en cuanto a las nuevas tendencias en educación con las nuevas metodologías que existen, para saber cuándo y cómo aplicarlas y así contribuyan al mejoramiento del proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje, a la vez el estudiante al ir desarrollando un conjunto de habilidades, destrezas y competencias, podrá enfrentar y solucionar problemas que se le presente en la vida cotidiana. Con el retorno de profesores y estudiantes a las instituciones educativas, después de la pandemia surgieron muchos cambios relacionados a la realidad del entorno de docentes, estudiantes, padres de familia y representantes legales, quienes estuvieron abocados a una educación totalmente virtual, obligados a utilizar los medios tecnológicos, razón por la cual, tuvieron que adaptarse al uso de las TICs y al mismo tiempo se acoplaron al uso de estos, cabe destacar que estos recursos tecnológicos en la actualidad son herramientas importantes en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves in the Siirt Province, Türkiye
Authors: Çelik Özgür Yaşar , Şahin Tekin , Çelik Burçak Aslan , Kılınç Özlem Orunç , Ayan Adnan , Akyıldız Gürkan , Ayan Özge Oktay , Göz Yaşar , İrak Kıvanç , Görmez Gül
Published: August 2023

Cryptosporidiosis, one of the main protozoan infections of the last century, is especially dangerous for calves and causes significant economic losses. This research was carried out to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. by microscopic and molecular methods and to determine subtypes in 100 calves up to 6 months old and with diarrhoea in the Siirt Province, Türkiye. As a result of the microscopic examination (Kinyoun’s acid-fast), Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts were found in 8 (8%) of 100 samples. As a result of nested PCR, 826-864 bp specific bands for Cryptosporidium spp. were obtained in 13 (13%) of 100 samples. When the DNA sequences of the SSU rRNA gene were compared with the NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool database, it was determined that eight samples sequence analyses showed 100% similarity with the C. parvum, C. ryanae, and C. bovis samples. The detection of C. parvum, which has zoonotic importance in this study, suggests that calves with diarrhoea may be a source of contamination for other animals and humans. Therefore, animal owners and people in close contact with animals should be informed about the public health of cryptosporidiosis.
Comparison of the incidence of kidney damage in cattle, pigs, sheep and goats detected at slaughterhouses as an indicator of animal health
Authors: Válková Lenka , Voslářová Eva , Becskei Zsolt , Večerek Vladimír
Published: August 2023

The incidence of kidney damage in livestock was monitored in the Czech slaughterhouses from 2010 to 2021. The results showed that the incidence of kidney damage was lower in all monitored species (P < 0.05) in fattened animals compared to adult ones. In cattle and pigs, the incidence of kidney damage was lower (P < 0.01) in fattened animals (bulls, finisher pigs) than in culled young (calves, piglets). When comparing individual categories of adult animals, the lowest incidence of kidney damage was found in does and ewes (2.68% and 3.01%, respectively), then in sows (28.45%), and the highest was in cows (40.46%). Among fattened animals, the incidence of findings in kidneys was increasing in the order of kids (0.21%), lambs (0.42%), bulls (10.46%) and finisher pigs (14.42%). Findings of chronic kidney damage were more frequent than findings of acute (P < 0.01) and parasitic (P < 0.01) origin in all observed categories of animals. The results show that, from the point of view of the incidence of kidney damage as a major consequence of imbalance between the organism’s metabolic needs and the nutrition provided to the animals, there are deficiencies of a significant level, which prove that there is still significant room for further optimization of the nutrition of individual categories of animals, that would take into account not only performance, overall clinical health, but also subclinical animal health, leading to a reduction in the incidence of kidney damage detected in animals at slaughter.
BƏDƏN TƏRBİYƏSİ VƏ İDMANIN İNSANLARIN SİNİR SİSTEMİNƏ TƏSİRİNİN ÖYRƏNİLMƏSİ VƏ ONUN ƏHƏMİYYƏTİ
Authors: A.A. Aliyeva
Published: August 2023

Bu məqalədə müasir inkişaf dövründə insan fəaliyyətinin effektivliyinin artırılması, cəmiyyətdə insanlar arasındakı aqressiyanın azaldılması baxımından bədən tərbiyəsi və idmanın təbliğ edilməsinin əhəmiyyəti və idmanla məşğul olan insanların əsəb və stressin azaldılmasında xüsusi əhəmiyyət kəsb etməsini tədqiq etmişik. Fiziki, zehni və mənəvi cəhətdən kamil nəsillərin yetişdirilməsi hal-hazırki dövrdə ölkəmiz üçün prioritet istiqamət olması baxımından çox vacib və ən aktual məsələlərdən olması qeyd edilmiş və Azərbaycanda bədən tərbiyəsi və idmanın maddi-texniki bazasının möhkəmləndirilməsi istiqamətində işlərdən bəhs edilmişdir. Sonda bu nəticələrdən irəli gələrək bu sahənin inkişafı üçün müəyyən təkliflər verilmişdir.
The role of beef cattle breeding in the formation of the meat balance of Russia
Authors: Shamina Ol'ga
Published: August 2023

Beef production is the most important source of animal protein and is of strategic importance for food safety. World beef production in 2021 increased by 3.8% compared to 2012, and by 1.7% compared to the previous year and amounted to 59.4 million tons. Thanks to the measures taken, the gross production of cattle meat, including from specialized meat breeds in Russia, is also showing positive dynamics. This is primarily due to the growth of qualitative indicators: average daily gains and the average weight of one head sold for slaughter. At the same time, the number of cattle is decreasing, and the number of specialized meat breeds and mixed cattle is increasing. In 2021, the share of beef accounted for 14.7% of all meat livestock products and occupied the 3rd place in the meat market. Beef imports for 2012-2021 decreased by more than 3 times, which made it possible to reduce import dependence to 12.8%. At the same time, beef exports are growing. The main consumers of domestic meat are China, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia. In order to increase beef production in Russia and reduce the share of imports in the country, a course has been taken to develop specialized beef cattle breeding. But, despite this, beef production is still at a fairly low level, not allowing to increase production to the required volumes.
Ensuring food security of the Russian Federation based on the development of production and export of soybeans
Authors: Grishina Ol'ga
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the issues of ensuring food security of the Russian Federation based on the development of production and export of soybeans. Data on soybean sown areas in the regions of the Russian Federation in 2020 are presented. Data on soybean imports to the Russian Federation are analyzed.
PROBLEMS OF THE RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MARKET UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS PRESSURE
Authors: Rahaeva Viktoriya , Mizyureva Vera , Chukalova Mariya
Published: August 2023

With the intensification of sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation, the withdrawal of many manufacturers from the Russian markets, the policy of import substitution has acquired particular importance in the country.

The purpose of the study is to assess the problems and prospects for the development of the Russian agricultural machinery market in the context of sanctions and import substitution policies, to make proposals for the establishment of domestic production of agricultural machinery.

The authors of the work studied the market of agricultural machinery in Russia, highlighted its features and analyzed the indicators of its functioning, and also determined the impact of geopolitical instability on it. In addition, the study examined the factors that have a negative impact on the agricultural machinery market, developed and made multi-aspect proposals to accelerate the establishment of domestic production of agricultural machinery.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PROLONGED ACTION OF THE DRUG "INTERLEUKIN-1B" ON THE LOCAL DECREASE OF THE CYTOKINE CASCADE IN THE PARODONTAL TISSUES IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: Isamulaeva Al'fiya , Medveditskov Denis A , Medveditskova Aida
Published: August 2023

The study involved 63 patients of the pulmonology department with a history of concomitant diseases of bronchial asthma (BA). The patients were divided into the main group 1 (27 patients who underwent treatment of periodontal diseases according to the standard treatment protocol) and the main group 2 (36 patients who, in addition to standard therapy for periodontal diseases, were prescribed a course of Interleukin-1b). The control group consisted of 19 conditionally healthy people with no history of somatic pathology. According to the criteria from the national program "Bronchial Asthma", 27 (27%) patients were diagnosed with a mild form of BA, 19 (52%) - with a moderate form, and 9 (20.1%) - with a severe form of BA. The selection of patients was carried out on the basis of inclusion, non-inclusion and exclusion criteria in the study. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed by the hygiene index (J.C. Green, J.K. Vermillion (OHI-S)), the papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA) in the Parma modification. The level of destructive processes in the bone tissue was assessed using sighting radiographs and orthopantomograms. The quality of the treatment was assessed after 3 weeks, 4 months and then 6 months from the start of treatment.
Adequação didático-pedagógica de um curso EaD autoinstrucional sobre Educação Permanente em Saúde
Authors: Santos de Lima Erivaldo , Cristina Carvalho dos Anjos Teresa , Quitéria Pugliese de Morais Barros Maria , Kátia de Araújo Mendes Tânia , Lucélia da Hora Sales Maria
Published: August 2023

O artigo apresenta um relato de experiência do processo de adequação didático-pedagógica de um curso na modalidade de educação a distância e autoinstrucional que se deu no contexto de integração ensino-serviço entre um programa de residência multiprofissional e uma secretaria de saúde. As proposições e posteriores transformações na oferta educacional foram realizadas com base no modelo ADDIE que consiste nas etapas de análise, desenho, desenvolvimento e avaliação. A análise contextual do curso gerou um relatório técnico que foi apresentado às professoras autoras, discutido e posteriormente implementado. Dentre as mudanças implementadas cita-se o redesenho dos objetivos de aprendizagem do curso, a criação de objetos educacionais específicos para a oferta com aderência ao modelo autoinstrucional, reformulação no modelo das atividades avaliativas e alterações de layout no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem. No que se refere aos desafios encontrados, chama-se atenção para a concepção do processo avaliativo em contexto de educação permanente e a distância, além disso, a ausência de equipe pedagógica específica para a demanda educacional.
Heterosis in Rice Under Salt Affected Environments
Authors:   Dept of Plant Breeding and Genectics,Agriculture College of Research Institute, Madurai 625 104 Tamil Naadu, S BABU , P YOGAMMENAKSHI ,   Dept of Plant Breeding and Genectics,Agriculture College of Research Institute, Madurai 625 104 Tamil Naadu, A SHEEBA ,   Dept of Plant Breeding and Genectics,Agriculture College of Research Institute, Madurai 625 104 Tamil Naadu, J ANBUMALARMATHI ,   Dept of Plant Breeding and Genectics,Agriculture College of Research Institute, Madurai 625 104 Tamil Naadu, P RANGASAMY ,   Dept of Plant Breeding and Genectics,Agriculture College of Research Institute, Madurai 625 104 Tamil Naadu
Published: August 2023

Thirty six hybrids along with their thirteen parents were raised in three different salt affected environments of Tamilnadu and Pondichery. Per cent standard heterosis was worked out keeping CORH2 as standard parent for nine different yield and salt tolerance related traits. The pooled environment standard heterosis was taken into consideration because it is the collective response of hybrids in various environments. Based on per se, sca and standard heterosis, hybrid TS 29/BTS 24 was found good because, it recorded high mean values for all the traits taken for study except 100 grain weight and also had high standard heterosis percentage for days to 50 per cent flowering, productive tillers plant', leaf proline content, Na : K ratio, chlorophyll stability index and grain yield m along with high sea effect for leaf proline content, productive tillers plant and grain yield m². In addition, hybrids TS 29/Jaya, TS 6/Pokkali and IR 58025 A/Vytilla 1 were also recorded high mean, sca effect and standard heterosis value mainly for grain yield m¹ and for the traits related salt tolerant mechanism such as leaf proline content, chlorophyll stability index, Na": K ratio and found suitable to salt affected soils
Effect of nitrogen, FYM and biofertilizer on dry matter accumulation, yield and NPK removal by cotton
Authors:   Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, DAS ANUP , M PRASAD ,   Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
Published: August 2023

An experiment was conducted during 2001 and 2002 at IARI, New Delhi, under irrigated condition to study the effect of nitrogen, Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and biofertilizers on dry matter accumulation, yield and NPK removal by cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The results indicated considerable improvement in dry matter accumulation, lint, seed cotton and stalk yield and NPK removal by cotton with addition of higher doses of fertilizer N. Individual application of Azotobacter and mahaagrozyme failed to influence the dry matter accumulation, yield and NPK removal significantly. The performance of cotton with FYM @ 12 t ha' was found to be intermediate between 30 and 60 kg N ha'. Highest dry matter accumulation, yield and NPK removal was observed with integrated application of 30 kg N and FYM @ 12 t ha' along with Azotobacter (M.).
Multi species Cropping System in Coconut Garden
Authors:   Coconut Research Station, Veppankulam 614 906 Thanjavur District tamil nadu, R MARIMUTHU
Published: August 2023

Field experiment was conducted in Coconut Research Station, Veppankulam from 1994 to 2003 with the objective of developing a suitable multispecies cropping system in adult coconut garden with age of 25 years old. The results revealed that coconut yield increased year after year by intercropping. Based on the coconut yield, net income and B: C ratio, coconut + banana + Sirukizhangu (Coleus parviflorus) + Bhendi combination was found to be the best. This model registered the highest mean net income (Rs. 54,000/ha) and B:C ratio (2.77).