bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of periimplantitis treatment on the chemiluminescent activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in vitro
Authors: Furtsev Taras V. , Savchenko Andrei A. , Sokolov Maxim V. , Gvozdev Ivan I.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Periimplantitis causes implant loss, which reduces the quality of dental treatment. The effect of periimplantitis treatment on the immune response, particularly the chemiluminescent activity of neutrophilic granulocytes, is unclear. The paper addresses this issue, as well as improvements in periimplantitis treatment approaches.
AIM: To assess the biocompatibility of implants removed from the inflammation site and treated with Air Flow and laser.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three types of implant surface were assessed: anodized titanium dioxide (TiO2); sand-blasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA); and resorbable blast media (RBM). Implants were removed in patients with confirmed periimplantitis, followed by an air-powder abrasive surface treatment with Air Flow and chlorhexidine, using a YSGG laser with a wave length of 2,780 nm. New (out of the box) implants were used as a control. Biocompatibility was assessed by the synthesis of primary and secondary reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils; the intensity and kinetics of synthesis were examined using chemiluminescence analysis.
RESULTS: Lucigenin- and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of neutrophils was assessed following in vitro incubation with SLA, RMB, and TiO2 implants removed in patients with confirmed periimplantitis and treated with Air Flow and chlorhexidine. The study found a decrease in the time to maximum and an increase in the maximum intensity and area under the curve of spontaneous and zymosan-induced chemiluminescence of neutrophils, regardless of the studied implant type. Changes in the zymosan-induced chemiluminescence of neutrophils following incubation with implants were greater than changes in spontaneous chemiluminescence, resulting in a higher activation index. No significant changes in neutrophil chemiluminescence were observed after in vitro incubation with laser-treated SLA, RMB, and TiO2 implants.
CONCLUSION: SLA, RMB, and TiO2 implants removed in periimplantitis patients and treated with Air Flow and chlorhexidine have low biocompatibility. However, Air Flow-treated RBM implants show relatively superior biocompatibility than SLA and TiO2 implants, which is attributed to the decreased synthesis of primary and secondary ROS by neutrophils during in vitro incubation. The degree of ROS synthesis by neutrophils during incubation with laser-treated implants corresponds to that of the control, indicating increased biocompatibility of laser-treated implants. Laser-treated TiO2 implants had the lowest neutrophil activation during incubation, determining their maximum biocompatibility among the studied implants.
To the 60th anniversary of Igor Vitalievich Poddubny
Authors: Gorodnicheva Yulia M. , Sytkov Valentin V. , Trunov Vladimir O. , Rekhviashvili Mikhail G. , Tolstov Kirill N. , Fedorova Elena V. , Meshkov Mikhail V.
Published: November 2024

Prof. Igor V. Poddubny, a member of the Editorial Board of the Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. Sci. (med), celebrated his 60th anniversary on September 25, 2024. The basic area of his interest and research is mini-invasive endoscopic surgeries in children and adolescents. He has developed and implemented into clinical practice modern surgical techniques for treating children with various emergency and elective surgeries in urology, coloproctology and gynecology. He was the first in Russia to perform endoscopic surgical interventions for varicocele, abdominal cryptorchidism, cysts of parenchymal organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space, as well as laparoscopic nephrectomy, heminephroterectomy, adrenalectomy. He also operated patients with Hirschsprung's disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, colon polyposis, complex malformations of the uterus and vagina, etc.
Análisis de la entonación de enunciados interrogativos parciales en el español chileno no estándar
Authors: Pérez Mora Viviana Alejandra , Retamal Venegas Nicolás Matías
Published: November 2024

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo describir los contornos melódicos de enunciados interrogativos parciales en una muestra de habla obtenida en ocho ciudades de Chile, que se agruparon en Zona Norte (Iquique y La Serena), Zona Centro (Valparaíso y Santiago), Zona Sur (Concepción y Temuco) y Zona Sur Austral (Coyhaique y Punta Arenas). Las grabaciones fueron producidas por hablantes adultos que no habían finalizado sus estudios mínimos obligatorios o que no habían continuado estudios universitarios. Para la observación del comportamiento de los contornos entonativos se utilizó el modelo de Análisis Melódico del Habla (AMH). En los resultados se muestran ocho tipos de contornos, ordenados de manera decreciente, de acuerdo con su cantidad de ocurrencias. Las principales conclusiones señalan que, en contraposición a lo descrito para el español en general, los chilenos producen –sobre todo– curvas melódicas con una característica inflexión final ascendente.
O processamento do acento primário no português brasileiro à luz do Modelo de Dupla Rota em Cascata
Authors: Benevides Aline de Lima
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho contrasta o processamento do acento primário em pseudopalavras do português brasileiro a partir do Modelo de Dupla Rota em Cascata (Coltheart; Rastle, 1994; Rastle; Coltheart, 2000). O Modelo postula a existência de duas rotas de processamento conforme o tipo de palavra: palavras reais familiares são processadas pela rota lexical e palavras reais não familiares e pseudopalavras são processadas pela rota não lexical. Para verificar se o acento em português pode ser analisado sob tal ótica, foram realizados dois estudos experimentais que avaliam se os falantes, ao lerem uma pseudopalavra, aplicam a regra geral (Hipótese Métrica de Bisol, 1994) por meio da ativação da rota lexical; ou se se valem de informações lexicais, como a similaridade fonológica com uma palavra real, informações morfológicas e segmentos finais, por meio da ativação da rota não lexical. O experimento 1 avaliou a similaridade fonológica e o experimento 2 avaliou padrões morfológicos derivacionais ambos em relação à regra geral. Os resultados indicam que as pseudopalavras resgatam informações lexicais, segmentais e morfológicas ao serem processadas, colocando em questionamento o processamento a partir apenas da existência de duas rotas guiadas pelo tipo de palavra. Há evidências de que a ativação do padrão acentual pode ocorrer por diferentes mecanismos.
On Ronald Langacker’s Semanticocentrism
Authors: Silva Gustavo Augusto Fonseca
Published: November 2024

Ray Jackendoff understands that Noam Chomsky’s linguistic models distort the nature of language due to its ‘syntactocentrism.’ Coined by Jackendoff, this term means Chomsky’s assumption that the syntactic component of language is central while the phonological and semantic components are merely interpretive. Jackendoff also states that since the 1970s many researchers have made a mistake opposite to Chomsky’s, by denying that syntax has a relevant role in grammar. Considering such a scenario, this paper analyzes Ronald Langacker’s cognitive grammar, in which syntax is replaced by semantics as the central linguistic component. The goal is to show how Langacker misrepresented language structure by doing so.
Jornalismo e a vontade de verdade
Authors: Sousa Leandro Martins de , Gomes Mariana Queiroga
Published: November 2024

Tendo em vista o poder que o jornalismo e os meios de comunicação apresentam e a vontade de verdade que eles visam a gerar, este artigo tem como corpus de análise o Caso Escola Base, que aconteceu entre março e junho de 1994, em São Paulo (SP). Este trabalho busca analisar as estratégias discursivas nas reportagens sobre o Caso Escola Base veiculadas pelo Jornal Nacional, a partir de investigação do repórter Valmir Salaro, e nas manchetes de jornais publicados na época, para a construção da vontade de verdade. À luz da Análise do Discurso, fundamentamo-nos em Foucault (2011), bem como em Sargentini e Carvalho (2021), Marques (2021) e Possenti (2021). Como metodologia, recorremos a alguns recortes do documentário Escola Base - Um repórter enfrenta o passado, disponível no Globoplay, a partir dos quais pesquisamos as estratégias discursivas nas reportagens veiculadas na época.
ASSESSMENT OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNIQUES FOR 3D MODEL ACQUISITION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ACCURACY AND SUITABILITY OF SCANNED MODELS COMPARED TO CAD REFERENCES
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the seat in Presov, NAZIM ANASTASIIA , ZIDEK KAMIL ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the seat in Presov, LAZORIK PETER ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the seat in Presov, PITEL JAN ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with the seat in Presov
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of 3D scanning methods using various devices and software to generate 3D models. The resulting models were compared to their corresponding Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models to quantify discrepancies. The primary objective was to assess potential errors, benefits, and limitations of each scanning method, providing insights for future research and development. A switch, chosen as the test object for its moderate complexity and size, enabled a thorough assessment under realistic conditions. The analysis reveals the strengths and limitations of each scanning method, guiding researchers and developers in selecting the most suitable techniques for specific applications. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of device and software parameters on the accuracy of 3D models, offering a comprehensive evaluation of effective techniques for 3D model.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ROOT CAUSES IN SOLVING PROBLEMS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors:   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, LESTYANSZKA SKURKOVA KATARINA , PRAJOVA VANESSA ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava
Published: November 2024

A key element of any quality management system is continuous improvement and a systematic approach to managing non-conformances. The aim of this paper is to use selected statistical methods and quality control techniques to present a way in which an organisation can achieve quality improvement. The 8D methodology was used to solve the observed front grid problem on the bumper of a Porsche Cayenne using a structured eight-step Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach to problem solving. As this was an important customer originating from Dubai, it was imperative to immediately start solving the issue that arose with the ACC grid on the front bumper, the problem identified was an existing cut-out in the radar grid. Using the 8D methodology and supporting tools such as the Ishikawa diagram or 5Why, the root cause of the problem was identified and permanent corrective actions were planned and implemented as recommended in the 8D report to reduce the likelihood of the problem recurring and increase customer satisfaction.
HIGH QUALITY GEOMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION OF HUMAN MANDIBLE
Authors:   John von Neumann University, Department of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, Papp K. , Piros I. A. ,   John von Neumann University, Department of Innovative Vehicles and Materials, Deak B. ,   University of Szeged, Faculty of Dentistry
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the reverse engineering of the relationship between a lower tooth and the lower mandible, along with potential finite element analysis methods. The primary focus of the study is to develop a high-quality computer model of the mandible with precise, continuous spline surfaces and to subsequently examine the tooth-bone relationship using this more accurate geometric model. Many of the studies reviewed employ a highly simplified model, where the individual layers of tooth and mandible bone are not distinctly analyzed. In contrast, our research emphasizes the reverse engineering of the tooth's integration into the mandible, enabling us to decompose the model into layers and conduct a comprehensive computer simulation of the entire structure. This approach allows us to assign different material properties to various regions of the model during the finite element analysis. This procedure is done by using scanned 3D (3-Dimensional) data in a mechanical CAD system the PTC Creo 8.
El malestar en el trabajo con gafas violeta: significados sobre el ausentismo laboral por motivos de salud mental en funcionarias del poder judicial chileno
Authors: Cea-Madrid Juan Carlos , Cornejo-Abarca Paula
Published: November 2024

In this article, we delve into the meanings of mental health leave among female judicial branch employees in Chile. Using a qualitative and critical approach, we explored the workers’ subjective experiences of discomfort in paid work and emphasize the importance of examining this phenomenon from a gender perspective. We argue that sick leave pertains not only to protecting physical health, but it is also a socially constructed instance of self-care and a refuge against power asymmetries and gender violence in workplace dynamics. Finally, we propose a critical approach to the conceptualization of biomedical and individual parameters of workplace wellbeing, thus fostering new narratives against depoliticization in a scenario of increasing psychiatrization of society.
Cooperative Learning in Choukai and Tingli Improvement
Authors: Stovia Anggita , Utami Rizki , Kurniawan Eko , Hartati Hartati
Published: November 2024

Previously, instruction in Japanese and Mandarin listening courses (Choukai and Tingli) was conducted through a monotonous learning process. Observations and brief interviews indicated that students typically absorb knowledge from lecturers without engaging in cognitive processes such as translation, comprehension, analysis, or the formulation of analogous examples. This leads to students being passive and even neglecting the learning process. In listening comprehension, although it may seem that the sole activity involves auditory engagement with audio or spoken language other processes are required, particularly for advanced listening courses. In advanced semester courses, students must comprehend more than just the auditory material. The objective of this research is to determine the efficacy of the cooperative learning paradigm in enhancing listening abilities. This study is a quantitative experimental investigation featuring a pre-test prior to treatment and a post-test after treatment. Data gathering methods are conducted through the administration of tests and observations. The cooperative learning strategy implemented in the Choukai and Tingli courses will engage students actively and creatively in analyzing audio and generating additional case studies from diverse perspectives.
Methodology and algorithms for obtaining long-range 3D-portraits of objects based on 2D-intensity distributions of truncated realizations of reflected laser radiation
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Problems of Belarusian State University, Ivanov V.I.
Published: November 2024

A methodology and algorithms for obtaining long range 3D portraits of objects by 2D distributions of intensity of truncated realizations of reflected laser radiation are considered. The methodological and instrumental aspects of increasing the resolution of 3D portraits in terms of topography depth are investigated. Relationships between the relief resolution and optical contrast of the object surface are obtained. It is shown that the resolution can be less than 1 cm. Using the same probing pulse power, the proposed methodology and algorithms allow a tenfold increase in the range of 3D lidars compared to ToF (Time-of-Flight) technology based on the "Range-gated imagers" algorithms. The proposed scheme also provides the possibility of implementing this methodology using standard components without the need to use specialized integrated ToF processors.
Three-periodic 1D photonic crystals based on dielectric oxides SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2: an emerging class of structures with wide possibilities for applied photonics
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Panyaev I.S. , Sannikov D.G. ,   Ulyanovsk State University, Dadoenkova Yu.S. ,   Lab-STICC (UMR 6285), CNRS, ENIB,   ENI Brest, Institut de Recherche Dupuy de Lôme (IRDL, UMR CNRS 6027), F-29200, France, Brest, Dadoenkova N.N. ,   A.A. Galkin Donetsk Institute of Physics and Technology
Published: November 2024

One-dimensional three-periodic photonic-crystal (PC) structures based on dielectric nonmagnetic materials (SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2) that form [(ab)N(cd)M]K supercells including “internal” subcells of the (ab)N and (cd)M types are considered. The classification of this class of structures makes it possible to distinguish three large groups of subcells that differ in optical contrast values (low-, medium-, and high-contrast). Using the transfer matrix method, frequency-angle spectra and energy characteristics of the PC structures are studied and optimal combinations of layers (and contrast) are found, enabling obtaining controllable photonic band gaps (PBGs). A generalization of the obtained results shows that in the transparent region, the optical and energy properties of structures with high and medium optical contrast are of the greatest practical interest. It is found that the group of medium-contrast structures has a greater flexibility in the formation and rearrangement of the PBG due to a practically equivalent effect of the optical properties of both cells on the transmission spectrum. An analysis of the spatial-angular distribution of the transverse component of the Umov-Poynting vector and variation in the number of subcells (internal periods) shows that the structure of this group can provide a controlled radiation pattern (at a telecommunication wavelength of 1.55 μm) on the lateral surface of the PC. The findings may give a competitive advantage in the development of polarization-sensitive couplers, highly sensitive angle sensors for fiber-optic systems, and optical filters operating in the infrared range.
A metalens for detecting fractional-order optical vortices
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC ", Nalimov A.G. ,   Kurchatov Institute"
Published: November 2024

In this work, a metalens for detecting an incident field with a fractional topological charge ranging from – 2 to 0 is proposed. The metalens is based on a spiral zone plate with a topological charge of 1.5. A change in the topological charge of the incident beam is numerically shown to lead to an off-axis shift of the focal spot from the center, with the intensity maximum value also changing. This results in a 6.9-fold change in the on-axis intensity while the topological charge of the incident beam changes from –0.6 to –1.5. The on-axis intensity at the focus is also shown to be affected by the rotation of the fractional vortex beam. This makes it possible to use the proposed metalens for measuring the angle of rotation of the incident beam in the range from 0 to 110°.
Spin-orbital conversion of the light field immediately behind an ideal spherical lens
Authors:   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC ", Kotlyar V.V. ,   Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Kozlova E.S. ,   Image Processing Systems Institute, NRC "Kurchatov Institute",   Samara National Research University, Telegin M.A. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: November 2024

The Richards-Wolf equations not only adequately describe a light field distribution at the sharp focus, but are also able to describe a light field distribution just behind an ideal spherical lens, i.e. on a converging spherical wavefront. Knowing all projections of light field strength vectors behind the lens, longitudinal components of the spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum (SAM and OAM) can be derived. In this case, the longitudinal projection of the SAM just behind the lens either remains zero or decreases. This means that the spin-orbital conversion (SOC), where part of the “spin transfers orbit”, occurs just behind the ideal spherical lens. Notably, the sum of the longitudinal projections of SAM and OAM is conserved. Regarding the spin Hall effect, it is revealed that rather than forming just behind the lens, it appears as focusing occurs. Thus, we find that while just behind the lens there is no Hall effect, it becomes maximally pronounced in the focal plane. It is because just behind the ideal spherical lens, two optical vortices with topological charges (TCs) –2 and 2 and opposite-sign spins (with right and left circular polarization) are generated. However, the total spin is equal to zero because the two vortices have the same amplitudes. The amplitudes of the optical vortices become different in the course of focusing and in the focal plane and, therefore, areas with opposite-sign spins (Hall effect) are formed. We also present a general form of the incident light fields whose longitudinal component is zero in the focal plane. In this case, the SAM vector can only have the longitudinal non-zero component. The notion of the SAM vector elongated only along the optical axis in the focal plane is applied for solving magnetization problems.
Effect of wavelength on propagation of high-power femtosecond laser pulses in diamond
Authors:   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kononenko T.V. , Zavedeev E.V. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ashikkalieva K.K. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Konov V.I. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

Numerical modeling of the propagation of high-power femtosecond laser beams in a diamond crystal in the self-focusing mode is carried out. The wavelength of the modeled beams is varied in a wide range (400 nm, 532 nm, 800 nm, and 1064 nm), which covers the most common ultrashort laser systems. For all the wavelengths analyzed, a limitation in the growth of laser energy density inside the diamond crystal with increasing pulse energy is found. This effect has a certain similarity to the effect of optical limitation in laser filaments, but manifests itself outside the filament formation zone and is capable of equalizing the laser energy density, as well as the electron density, inside the extensive pre-focal region.
Comparative analysis of large language models' performance in breast ımaging
Authors: Beşler Muhammed Said
Published: November 2024

Aim: To evaluate the performance of the flagship models, OpenAI's GPT-4o and Anthropic's Claude 3.5 Sonnet, in breast
imaging cases.
Material and Methods: The dataset consisted of cases from the publicly available Case of the Month archive by the Society of Breast Imaging. Questions were classified as text-based or containing images from mammography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, or hybrid imaging. The accuracy rates of GPT-4o and Claude 3.5 Sonnet were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: Of the total 94 questions, 61.7% were image-based. The overall accuracy rate of GPT-4o was higher than that of Claude 3.5 Sonnet (75.4% vs. 67.7%, p=0.432). GPT-4o achieved higher scores on questions based on ultrasound and hybrid imaging, while Claude 3.5 Sonnet performed better on mammography-based questions. In tumor group cases, both models reached higher accuracy rates compared to the non-tumor group (both, p>0.05). The models' performance in breast imaging cases overall exceeded 75%, ranging between 64-83% for questions involving different imaging modalities.
Conclusion: In breast imaging cases, although GPT-4o generally achieved higher accuracy rates than Claude 3.5 Sonnet in image-based and other types of questions, their performances were comparable.
Divine Law in Canon 22 of the Code of Canon Law
Authors: Gałkowski Tomasz
Published: November 2024

Civil law norms may operate in the Church’s legal order. Canon law refers to them as a general norm expressed in canon 22 of the Code of Canon Law. This phenomenon is referred to as the canonisation of civil law. The studies concerning this topic focus on the issues of the concept of canonisation and the technique of its application or practical problems arising from the general norm. The study addresses issues concerning the use of the reference to the divine law in canon 22 and its influence on the interpretation of the norm, the influence of the canonical norm on the understanding of the divine law, and the necessity of its citation in the text of the canon. The author believes that the subject of the just canonical norm (norma iusta) should be added to the existing considerations in canonical doctrine.
University instructors’ and students’ perceptions of blended learning and perceived determinant factors
Authors: Tarekegne Wudu , Kumsa Addisu
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of instructors and students towards blended learning and perceived determinant factors at Jimma University. A concurrent mixed-methods research design was used. Data were collected from 145 students and 70 instructors by using questionnaires and interviews. The findings showed that both instructors and students confirmed the lack of facilities, lack of technological knowledge, and instructors’ lack of technological pedagogical knowledge. On the other hand, both instructors and students believed that the BL approach had a positive impact on students learning. In addition, the major challenges identified were teachers’ increasing workload, lack of access to internet connections, non-compliance of learners’ educational backgrounds to permit effective use of BL, non-suitability of the approach for all learning styles, slow internet connectivity, lack of organization of blended learning materials, and lack of IT knowledge. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that the concerned university officials give thoughtful attention to the provision of necessary facilities to implement BL and design appropriate training and capacity-building programs for university instructors and students to increase students' and instructors’ knowledge and skills in technology use.
Keywords: Blended learning; challenges; determinant factors; instructors; perceptions
Literature And Translation For Effective Teaching In Secondary School English Classes Of Arabic Students
Authors: Chaabane Bechir
Published: November 2024

This paper specifies that involving literary texts in the teaching class, especially in the context of the Arab world, is detrimental. Since major troubles are attributed to the negative transfer due to linguistic differences between Arabic and English, literary texts can be corrective and therapeutic. They provide the required contexts to socialize young learners with the language in use. The pragmatic function of language dictates much more than contrived examples to come to terms with its intended meaning. Literature-based teaching makes learning more natural than artificial through authentic language and make-believe situations. The flip side is that the language of literary texts may be troublesome, but this inconvenience can be wiped away by literary translation. According to the questionnaire respondents regarding the inclusion of translation in the teaching class, it can be applied without demur since Arab learners mechanically translate explicitly or silently throughout the lesson. As such, the blend of literature and English language teaching with the help of literary translation can be adequate pedagogic support for secondary school Arab learners.
The Educational Context In The Literature Of Ibn Al-Muqaffa Through His Book Al-Adab Al-Saghir/ السياق التربوي في أدب ابْنِ الْمُقَفَّع من خلال كتابه الْأدب الصغير
Authors: Almaghzwi Adel
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the contents of the book "Al-Adab Al-Shaghir" by the author Abdullah Ibn Al-Muqaffa, and identify the educational context of the texts of this book. This study uses an inductive approach to extrapolate Arabic texts and extract research materials and descriptive-analytical (content analysis) To analyze. The author focuses on social behavior and discusses topics including the importance of self-discipline and self-control and the importance of friendship and positive social relationships. It also emphasizes ethical behavior and the importance of moral values, personal relationships, and social responsibility. He discusses educational issues with reason, wisdom, and literature, which increases the influence of his philosophy on readers and contributes to establishing educational values in society. The study results also show that the content and values of education, the most prominent of which are the love of knowledge, choosing good friends, Honesty and integrity, and their role in encouraging personal and social growth, Self-awareness, and self-control. This book contains many rhetorical methods with the educational implication that a wise person must be at odds with himself and judge himself. Among the most prominent educational means in Ibn al-Muqaffa's texts are education by example, the need for ethics and discipline (education) and its role in the context of watering the mind, and developing society to benefit from these contents in raising children in the current era, and it is recommended that these values need to be included in educational books so that pre-university students can contribute to instilling values and purifying the minds of the younger generation.
A Model For Teaching Arabic Grammar In Light Of The Common European Framework Of Reference For Languages
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Abdalla Erfan Abdeldaim
Published: November 2024

With its intricate arrangement, classification, abundance, and bifurcation, Arabic grammar presents challenges for learners rooted in historical contextual factors and pedagogical approaches. This study addresses the need for a comprehensive examination and categorization of Arabic grammatical rules based on specific criteria aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). It aims to identify prevalent and obscure rules, offering a compilation organized according to CEFR standards. The objective is to streamline Arabic language acquisition by reducing the overwhelming quantity of rules presented in textbooks for non-native speakers. The primary obstacle learners face is the complex nature of Arabic grammar, compounded by inadequate organization and delivery of existing materials. This leads to a skewed focus on less practical rules, hindering everyday speech and writing proficiency. Statistical analyses reveal the need for restructuring instructional sequences to prioritize commonly used rules. The proposal advocates aligning grammatical structures with CEFR guidelines and incorporating essential structures for non-Arabic speakers, promoting a modern and coherent language. By addressing these issues, this study motivates learners and bridges the gap between non-native and native proficiency levels in Arabic. The research relied on older references for the theoretical framework due to the need for more specialized references on teaching Arabic grammar to non-native speakers.
Phonological Analysis Of Arabic Diphthongs In Defective Verbs
Authors: Mohamad Isa Abdul Azim , Nordin Fitri Nurul’ain , Zakaria Muhamad Zaidi , Amat Suparia Fariz Azzuan , Mohamed Raffi Muhammad Syaffiq , Hassan Abd Rauf
Published: November 2024

The Arabic diphthongs have two sounds, which are /aɪ/ and /aʊ/, each in its nouns and weak verbs. This study analyzes phonological rules related to Arabic diphthongs and syllable segmentation among Arabic diphthongs. Qualitative methods are applied in this research, and the content analysis is conducted using Chomsky and Halle’s phonological rules (1968) and Crowley's (1987) theory to analyze all data. The data are collected from the Arabic dictionary called Mu’jam Taşrīf al-`af’āl al-‘arabiyyah and the data are then divided into two categories, namely sound /w/ and /y/. The study observes that the Arabic diphthong sounds are found in nouns and defective verbs with suffixes other than /a/, /t/, and /w/. The study finds that in Arabic, diphthong sounds are deleted in defective verbs when the suffix consists of two phonemes. These sounds transform into long vowel sounds upon adding/a/, indicating the third-person singular male in the past tense. The suffixes /t/ and /w/ similarly convert the diphthong to a primary vowel. This study concludes that phonological changes occur more frequently in Arabic defective verbs than in nouns, following specific rules. Additionally, syllable segments change when the glide sounds forming diphthongs are deleted.
Guessing Meaning Strategies and Arabic Reading Comprehension Ability Among Chinese College Students
Authors: Jun Wang Xiao , Baharudin Harun , Awang Mohd Mahzan
Published: November 2024

Guessing word meanings is vital for acquiring deep reading and adequate text comprehension, as the study implies that the cross-sectional approach quantitatively assesses the effect of guessing meaning strategies on Chinese university Arabic students' reading performance. There was significant evidence of the perfect relationship between the mastery of the guessing meaning strategy and the improvement of reading comprehension scores presented through the analysis of Chinese universities' data (r = 0.306, p < 0.01). It shows the vital importance of these approaches in raising reading skills. Students are well-positioned to carry out word investigation in terms of the etymology or roots of words, whether they are antonyms, synonyms, or synonymous phrases that help them deduce the meanings of words they are not familiar with and find out the meanings or explanations systematically in their reading. Guessing meaning strategies should be used in the Arabic language teaching curriculum in China to ensure that Arabic instructors can make learning enjoyable, thus value learning and acquiring language competencies. Additionally, different language contexts should be examined by future research to know the educational benefits and implications of these strategies.
Learning Strategies For Listening Skills Among Arabic Learners In The Preparatory Year At Faculties Of Islamic Sciences In Turkey/ إستراتيجيات التعلم الخاصة بمهارة الاستِماع لدى متعلمي العَربيّةِ في السنة التحضيرية في كليات العلوم الإسلامية في تركيا
Authors: Hamad Mutassem Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Listening skills in Arabic are a gateway to acquiring knowledge and a means of learning and communication. However, many preparatory year students in the Faculties of Islamic Sciences in Turkey complain about its difficulty and suffer from weak listening skills for various reasons. Modern studies in foreign language education emphasize the necessity for learners to possess learning strategies for each language skill due to their significant importance in developing these skills and overcoming many problems and difficulties that learners may encounter. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the learning strategies specific to listening skills among Arabic learners in the preparatory year at some Turkish universities and investigate the impact of variables (gender, place of study) on their use of these strategies. The study was conducted on a sample of 127 randomly selected male and female preparatory year students nearing the end of their year at several universities for the academic year 2023-2024. To achieve the study's objectives, the researcher used the descriptive-analytical method and developed a questionnaire that included a graduated scale measuring the extent to which learners use these strategies, consisting of 20 strategies distributed across three fields: 1. Pre-listening strategies, 2. While-listening strategies, 3. post-listening strategies. The study showed that preparatory year students practice pre-listening and while-listening strategies highly, while post-listening strategies are practiced moderately. The study revealed statistically significant differences between the averages of the sample individuals attributed to gender, in favor of females, in using pre-listening and while-listening strategies, but no differences in post-listening strategies. The study also showed statistically significant differences between the averages of the sample individuals attributed to the university, with Sabahattin Zaim University ranking first, followed by Sultan Mehmet Fatih University in pre-listening and while-listening strategies. As for post-listening strategies, Sabahattin Zaim University ranked first, followed by Kocaeli University. These results emphasize the need for teachers to pay more attention to language learning strategies in all skills in their lessons, in addition to guiding their students to the correct learning strategies and training them on how to use them.
COVID-19 and the Mental Health of College Students
Authors: Knott Dominique , Cross JaNeen
Published: November 2024

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak significantly impacted those across the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a mental health strain particularly among college students.

Objective:This article examines the mental health of college students and the challenges they experience surrounding COVID-19.

Methods:This literature reviews the on-campus infrastructure, resources, and support during the pandemic.

Findings:The common theme in the findings throughout the literature is the increase and prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among college students, with worsening results for students of color.

Conclusion:The implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed to set future direction. Recommendations are provided to support the mental health of college students during future pandemics. Colleges and universities need to look to the schools of social work and social work educators for leadership and guidance in improving future outcomes.
A Mini-Review of The Adsorptive Removal of Poly- And Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
Authors: Wang Lin
Published: November 2024

In recent years, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been frequently detected in aquatic environments, posing a serious threat to environmental safety and human health due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Several technologies are available for PFAS remediation, including adsorption, advanced oxidation, nanofiltration, and microbial degradation. Among these strategies, adsorption is effective, affordable, and easy to access, and therefore has been recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This article reviews the adsorption behaviors between various PFAS and different adsorptive materials, such as activated carbon, resin, minerals, and biosorbents. In addition, this article provides fundamental knowledge of adsorption and an understanding of the difference between adsorptive materials.
Was There a Famine in Gaza in 2024?
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Devereux Stephen
Published: November 2024

The blockade that Israel imposed on the Gaza Strip, after the attack by Hamas on 7 October 2023, drastically reduced commercial and humanitarian deliveries of food. Together with heavy bombing that damaged more than half the farmland in Gaza, all sources of access to food were systematically undermined, and the population was exposed to several months of catastrophic food insecurity. Three assessments by the international community concluded that there was ‘a risk of famine’ in December 2023, that a famine was ‘imminent’ in March 2024, but that this threat had receded by June 2024 as restrictions on humanitarian relief were eased. Nonetheless, other sources including the World Food Programme assert that a famine did occur in northern Gaza in April–May 2024. This paper reviews the evidence and concludes that, whether or not a ‘technical’ famine occurred, Israel’s use of food as a weapon of war against civilians in Gaza caused avoidable hunger and starvation deaths, and almost certainly constitutes a war crime and a crime against humanity.
Determinant Factors of The Frequency Of Fraud Occurance: Study on Sharia Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Hasan M Hadi Alamsyah , Any Eliza  , Rahmat Fajar Ramdani  , Ersi Sisdianto
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the determinant factors of the frequency of fraud on sharia banking in Indonesia. This study employed frequency of fraud occurance as dependent variable, quality of islamic corporate governance implemantation and bank complexity as independent variable. This research is a quantitative research with the type of data used, namely secondary data obtained from the official website of each bank and the OJK website. The data analysis used is multiple regression analysis using the E-Views 10 application. The results of this study show that partially the variable quality of the implementation of Islamic corporate governance has a positive effect on the frequency of fraud occurance and bank complexity does not have a significant positive effect on the frequency of fraud occurance.
Strategy of Derivatives Hedging: Maintaining and Increasing Firm Value amidst Market Volatility in Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Heri , Sugeng Bambang , Handayati Puji
Published: November 2024

This study examines the relationship of derivative hedging and firm value. With 1520 observations from 380 Indonesian non-financial firms. The research method used is quantitative explanatory with regression analysis panel data. We involved eight control variables to adjust the influence of external factors. We found that the application of derivative hedging strategies contributes to an increase in the firm value through risk reduction. We also found that commodity derivatives and currency derivatives play a more active role as risk tools than interest rate derivatives. In the context of economic uncertainty and high market fluctuations, firms are exposed to various financial risks, including currency and commodity risks. By implementing an effective hedging strategy, the firm can reduce cash flow volatility and increase financial stability. In addition, reducing uncertainty through risk management can improve investor perception and lower the cost of capital. This result is in line with the principle of Modigliani & Miller (1958) that the firm value is determined by the resulting cash flow. Thus, the practice of risk management is not only relevant but can also reinforce the propositions of Modigliani & Miller (1958) in a more realistic and specific context. The findings underscore the importance of proactive risk management in the face of dynamic market challenges. In addition, this study provides new insights into hedging practices in developing countries. With a better understanding of the impact of using derivatives, firms can manage risk more efficiently and increase their attractiveness in the eyes of investors. So that firm managers can plan the use of derivative instruments as an effective hedging strategy.
Application de la méthode du Moiré à la mesure des déformations sur le matériau bois. Application de la technique à la mesure de poutres lamellées-collées. 2e partie
Authors: Sales Christian
Published: November 2024

Pas de résumé
El matrimonio igualitario desde las lógicas del Derecho internacional privado
Authors: Espiniella Menéndez Ángel
Published: November 2024

Recientes casos han mostrado un interés renovado por el régimen jurídico de los matri-monios transfronterizos igualitarios, que puede abordarse desde las dos lógicas que informan el Derecho internacional privado. Desde una lógica de Derecho internacional, se analizará el matrimonio igualitario a la luz de los derechos humanos, del proceso europeo de integración y del impacto de ambos en los sistemas constitucionales de los Estados. La conclusión será que debe atenuarse el orden público de los Estados contrarios a este matrimonio. Desde una lógica de Derecho privado, la mencionada atenuación del orden público resultará una técnica especialmente útil para afrontar la validez y eficaciadel matri-monio igualitario transfronterizo, cuestiones relacionadas con la separación legal, divorcio y régimen económico, así como la identidad, la nacionalidad y los derechos alimenticios y sucesorios del cónyuge del mismo sexo o género.
Problemática en torno a los acuerdos de financiación por parte de terceros en las acciones de representación
Authors: Gómez Santos María
Published: November 2024

En el presente trabajo se analizan los principales problemas que giran en torno al tratamiento de la financiación por parte de terceros de las acciones de representación para la protección de los intereses colectivos de los consumidores. En primer lugar, se abordará el auge imparable de los acuerdos para financiación de litigios por parte de terceros (third-party litigation funding) en estos últimos años como fórmulas que facilitan la litigación colectiva, así como su realidad en el ordenamiento jurídico español. Seguidamente, se analizará cuál ha sido el tratamiento de la financiación de los acuerdos para financiación de litigios por parte de terceros por la Directiva 2020/1828 para, en último lugar, valorar su transposición en el Anteproyecto de Ley de acciones de representación para la protección de los intereses colectivos de los consumidores.
Reserva hereditária e ordem pública internacional
Authors: Moura Ramos Rui Manuel
Published: November 2024

Ia presente contribuição discute a questão de saber se a ausência de protecção, na lei aplicável à sucessão, do que a lex fori considera ser a reserva hereditária deve ser considerada uma violação da ordem pública internacional. Depois de referir a posição de diversos sistemas jurídicos a este propósito, sustenta-se que, também por força da excepcionalidade que se reconhece ser característica da ordem pública, a questão não é susceptível de uma resposta geral e fixa, mas que o simples facto de a reserva hereditária não ser reconhecida não deve ser visto, em si mesmo, como uma contrariedade à ordem pública, ainda que em certas circunstâncias (por exemplo quando tal conduza à total exclusão de descendentes menores desprovidos de quaisquer bens de subsistência da sucessão no património do de cujus) a resposta deva ser diferente. A discussão inclui ainda uma crítica de algumas reformas legislativas que tentam obter o mesmo resultado a que conduz a utilização da ordem pública através de regras materiais de direito internacional privado.
La restitución del oro de Crimea
Authors: Rodríguez Pineau Elena
Published: November 2024

En el contexto del conflicto entre Ucrania y la Federación de Rusia por la península de Crimea, la devolución de las piezas exhibidas en una exposición sobre el ‘oro de Crimea’ en Ámsterdam ha suscitado una larga disputa ante los tribunales neerlandeses. El inicial planteamiento de restitución a Ucrania con fundamento en la Convención de la Unesco de 1970 resulta sustituido por la aplicación de una ley de policía, dictada tras la invasión rusa para evitar la dispersión del patrimonio ucraniano, aplicada como tal pese a ser parte de la lex causae. El recurso a reglas de Derecho internacional, normas nacionales de DIPr y la doctrina
El Reglamento 805/2004 sobre el título ejecutivo europeo veinte años después de su aprobación
Authors: Rodríguez Vázquez María Ángeles
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio de la jurisprudencia del TJUE interpretando los problemas que ha planteado la aplicación práctica del Reglamento 805/2004 sobre el Título ejecutivo europeo. Frente a las dudas que se suscitaron cuando fue aprobado, puede afirmarse que la supresión del exequátur no se ha realizado a costa de un sacrificio de los derechos de defensa. No obstante, se trata de un instrumento poco utilizado y desconocido por muchos operadores jurídicos.