bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Questionário para Rastreio de Sinais Precoces do Transtorno do Espectro Autista: evidências de validade e consistência interna
Authors: Seize Mariana de Miranda , Borsa Juliane Callegaro
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar evidências de validade e a consistência interna do Questionário para Rastreio de Sinais Precoces do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (QR-TEA). Métodos Para a etapa do conteúdo, contou-se com quatro profissionais da saúde com mais de cinco anos de experiência clínica no tratamento de crianças com diagnóstico do TEA. Para a etapa de análise de estrutura interna e consistência interna, contou-se com uma amostra de 133 pais/responsáveis de crianças entre 24-36 meses de idade de todo o Brasil. Os participantes responderam ao questionário por meio de entrevista com profissionais da saúde. Para conhecer a estrutura fatorial, foi utilizado o procedimento de análise fatorial exploratória. Adicionalmente, para avaliar a consistência interna do instrumento, foi efetuado o cálculo da fidedignidade composta. Resultados Na etapa do conteúdo, encontrou-se i-IVC = 1,00 para a maioria dos itens; Kappa entre 0,51 e 0,94; p < 0,05; CCI = 0,90; p < 0,05. A análise fatorial exploratória apontou uma solução de dois fatores para o QR-TEA. A fidedignidade composta foi adequada (acima de 0,70) para os dois fatores. A medida de replicabilidade da estrutura fatorial sugeriu que os dois fatores podem ser replicáveis em estudos futuros (H > 0,80). Conclusões Os dados obtidos indicam evidências iniciais de validade e consistência interna adequada. Os achados apoiam, ainda, a adequação psicométrica do QR-TEA em consonância com o modelo de dois fatores do DSM-5. Recomenda-se a condução de novos estudos para buscar outras evidências de validade e verificar a sensibilidade e especificidade do instrumento.
Saúde mental de pais durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Schönffeldt Sofia Daniela Giacobbo , Bücker Joana
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a saúde mental de pais com filhos pequenos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Foram utilizados questionários elaborados pelo Google Forms, no qual foram aplicados os dados sociodemográficos, e as escalas EADS-21, IES-R, PSQI-BR e WHOQOL-BREF. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software estatístico SPSS 21.0 para Windows. Para descrição da amostra, foram utilizadas análises descritivas. Em todos os testes, foi considerada a significância estatística de 0,05. Os 327 participantes foram divididos em três grupos: voluntários sem filhos (Grupo 1), com filhos entre 0 e 6 anos (Grupo 2) e com filhos de 7 anos ou mais (Grupo 3), dos quais todos eram residentes da região Sul do Brasil. Resultados Os grupos com maior vulnerabilidade em relação à sua saúde mental é o de participantes sem filhos e com filhos de 0 a 6 anos, com maiores escores para as escalas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, e estresse pós-traumático, em comparação com o grupo com filhos de 7 anos ou mais. Conclusões Mesmo que os dados mostrem que todos os grupos estão dentro da normalidade para as escalas aplicadas, faz-se necessário atentar para a saúde mental da população em maior sofrimento psíquico, seja a partir de estratégias desenvolvidas por profissionais de rede de saúde (SUS) e/ou da assistência social (SUAS), seja por projetos municipais/estaduais na busca pela promoção da saúde mental na rede.
The pharmacist in the Brazilian Primary Health Care: a comparative analysis between 2014 and 2017
Authors: Peixoto Rafaela Tavares , Campos Mônica Rodrigues , Luiza Vera Lucia , Mendes Luiz Villarinho
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT The pharmacist play a vital role in PHC. However, studies addressing how pharmacists influence the health care network are still scarce. We aim to verify to what extent the inclusion of pharmacists in PHC Units (UBS) in the country is associated with the expanded structural aspects of pharmacies and drug availability in Brazil. This cross-sectional, retrospective, and analytical study employed secondary data from cycles 2 (2014) and 3 (2017) of the external evaluation of the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care Program (PMAQ-AB) and the National Register of Health Facilities (CNES) databases. The results showed an essential centralization in drug dispensing over PMAQ-AB cycles 2 and 3. In contrast, we identified an improvement in the structural aspects of the UBS pharmaceutical services and an increase in the mean drug availability and the total UBS with drug availability ≥ 80%. Such advances were even more significant in the presence of registered pharmacists at the UBS. We conclude by stating that the presence of pharmacists in the PHC of the Unified Health System (SUS) enhances drug availability and provides better structural conditions for PHC pharmacy services.
Desigualdades macrorregionais na atenção primária ao Diabetes Mellitus: comparação dos três ciclos do PMAQ-AB
Authors: Lopes Clarissa Galvão da Silva , Rocha Thiago Augusto Hernandes , Thomaz Érika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca , Tonello Aline Sampieri , Rocha Núbia Cristina da Silva , Duarte Karlinne Maria Martins , Queiroz Rejane Christine de Sousa
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi identificar desigualdades macrorregionais relacionadas à estrutura e ao processo de trabalho para o atendimento do Diabetes Mellitus (DM) na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) ao longo dos três ciclos do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, longitudinal, de abrangência nacional, com dados secundários dos três ciclos do PMAQ-AB. Os dados foram comparados entre as macrorregiões brasileiras utilizando o teste t com a correção de Bonferroni. As regiões Norte e Nordeste apresentaram os menores percentuais de adequação nos itens de estrutura: dependências da unidade (<74%), acessibilidade ao cadeirante (<63%), horário especial de funcionamento (<16%), equipe ampliada (<12%) e insumos (<89%) em todos os ciclos do PMAQ-AB, quando comparadas às demais regiões. Já os itens relacionados ao processo de trabalho apresentaram pouca variação entre as regiões, e os que apresentaram percentuais médios ≤ 75% de adequação foram: agenda especializada (41%, 33%, 41%), apoio matricial (58%, 72%, 70%), oferta e resolubilidade de ações (62%, 64%, 75%) e educação permanente (35%, 42%, 58%). Ainda existe a necessidade de investimentos na estrutura e em melhorias no processo de trabalho das equipes, principalmente nas macrorregiões Norte e Nordeste.
The pandemic of capital in the water supply sector
Authors: Sousa Ana Cristina Augusto de
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT This paper aims to show that the recent changes in the framework of water-related services represent, on a national scale, the effect of a recent structural change in the dynamics of global capitalism. The purpose is to clarify readers in the field of health on the process of financialization that is taking place in the sanitation sector in Brazil, which threatens public health. Therefore, we intend to show, from the perspective of the critical geography theory, how the new sanitation framework and the creation of a water market in Brazil meet the interests of the international elites who, in the face of cyclical crises in the productive field, seek for opportunities to profit from common goods and nature. It also discusses the role of the State in this entire process and the likely effects that have already been pointed out by the literature on the subject.
Ageism, covidical syndemic and Intervention Bioethics: an interdisciplinary concreteness
Authors: Melo Ricardo Henrique Vieira de , Amorim Karla Patrícia Cardoso
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT This is a critical-reflexive theoretical study with the aim of reflecting on issues of an interdisciplinary nature: ageism in the complexity of the COVID-19 pandemic in the light of the fundamentals of Intervention Bioethics. The assumption is that complex problems require complex solutions, which a fragmented, disciplinary view is not capable of addressing. For this purpose, the essay is organized in three acts: ageism as an old and persistent phenomenon; the COVID-19 pandemic and the expansion of ageism; and the bioethical approach as an episteme and interventional tool. It is hoped that this theoretical exercise can transcend into personal, relational, and institutional daily life, where understanding the dimensions and determinants of ageism can incite creative ethical thoughts, feelings, and attitudes to mitigate age-related derogatory aspects.
Best management practices in HIV care: scoping review
Authors: Celuppi Ianka Cristina , Metelski Fernanda Karla , Suplici Samara Eliane Rabelo , Costa Veridiana Tavares , Meirelles Betina Hörner Schlindwein
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to map and examine the best HIV management practices available in scientific publications in the health field. A systematic literature review was carried out through scoping review, on the basis of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, and CAPES Thesis and Dissertations Catalog, from 2009 to July 2020. From the 427 identified studies, 19 were included, and although it does not explain a concept of best practice, they present HIV management practices expressed as a best practice through the evaluation of strategies, tools, health services, health programs, interventions, and actions that contributed to an improvement of a given health condition in HIV prevention and care. The practices identified in the studies with a ‘best practice’ are justified by the analysis of the evaluation aspects, which expressed positive changes, contributing to improvements in HIV management practices. It is believed that these findings can support the construction of public policies in different scenarios and the establishment of health practices that seek to improve the quality of actions aimed at managing HIV.
Estimation of cropland prices in Rio Grande do Sul by multiple linear regression and principal component analysis
Authors: Ziegler Cristiano , Fiegenbaum Tobias da Paixão , Ueda Renan Mitsuo , Lirio Valentina Wolff , Souza Adriano Mendonça
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to price croplands in Rio Grande do Sul State (southern Brazil) and point which variables had the most significant impact on prices. The main purpose was achieved using multiple linear regression and principal component analysis. The variables used in this study were planted area, production, price, and yield of the commodities soybean, wheat, and corn. The period under analysis was from January 1994 to December 2017 (biannual observations). Multiple linear regression showed that five variables contributed to land pricing, being three related to soybean and two to wheat. Multivariate analysis grouped the investigated variables into clusters and indicated their influence, in addition to providing information on land prices and reducing variable dimensionality from fourteen original variables to three principal components to be analyzed. The two analyses complemented each other so that the croplands’ price was explained by three variables, in which two corroborated in constructing the pricing model for croplands.
A methodological proposal for assessing food insecurity from a multidimensional perspective
Authors: Cabral Natália Louise de Araújo , Pequeno Nila Patrícia Freire , Roncalli Angelo Giuseppe , Marchioni Dirce Maria Lobo , Lima Severina Carla Vieira Cunha , Lyra Clélia de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a methodological proposal for the assessment of food and nutritional insecurity (FNiS) in adults and older adults (Vigi-FNiS). The proposal was developed using data from the BRAZUCA Natal survey, a cross-sectional study with 411 people living in Natal in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The association between sociodemographic, health and nutrition variables and food insecurity (FI) was tested using Poisson multiple regression. Overall prevalence of FI was 42.1% (37.4%-46.9%) and was higher in women (47.5%), adults (48.2%) and black people (52.7%). The following variables were included in the Vigi-FNiS: people aged <18 years living in the household (A) (AdjPR=1.3; 1.1-1.6); family income (B) in quintiles (Q1: AdjPR=5, 4; 2.5-11.7; Q2: AdjPR=4.8; 2.2-10.5; Q3: AdjPR=3.8; 1.8-8.5; Q4 AdjPR=2.2; 1.0-5.1); inadequate treatment of drinking water (C) (AdjPR=1.3; 1.1-1.5); presence of chronic non-communicable diseases (D) (AdjPR=1.3; 1.1-1.7); not eating fruit for breakfast (E) (AdjPR=1.7; 1.3-2.5);eating meals on the couch or in bed (F) (AdjPR=1.3; 1.1-1.6); and skipping either lunch or dinner or dinner (G) (AdjPR=1.4; 1.2-1.7). A cutoff point for FNiS of 2.3 was adopted (Kappa=0.47; sensitivity=0.82; specificity=0.67; PPV=0.64; NPV=0.83).
Decision criteria for resource allocation: an analysis of CONITEC oncology reports
Authors: Campolina Alessandro Gonçalves , Yuba Tania Yuka , Soárez Patrícia Coelho de
Published: June 2022

Abstract In health technology assessment (HTA), decision criteria are considered relevant to support the complex deliberative process that requires simultaneous consideration of multiple factors. The aim was to identify and analyze the decision criteria that have been used by the National Health Technology Assessment Commission (CONITEC) when recommending the incorporation of technologies for the treatment of cancer. Descriptive study, based on reports from CONITEC, between 2012 and 2018, on oncology technologies. The data were collected in a specific extraction form and analyzed using descriptive statistics. 39 reports were analyzed, 15 of them did not present any explicit decision criteria. Medicines were the most frequently evaluated type of technology. The most frequent types of cancers were: breast cancer, head and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and lung cancer. The most frequently considered criteria were: financial impact and effectiveness. The study identified the decision criteria that have been most used in the area of oncology, however, the lack of transparency in relation to the weight of these criteria makes it difficult to understand their influence on the result of the decisions taken.
Food swamps in Campinas, Brazil
Authors: Grilo Mariana Fagundes , Menezes Caroline de , Duran Ana Clara
Published: June 2022

Abstract The characteristics of the food environment can interfere with physical access to healthy foods and accentuate health inequalities. The presence of food swamps, i.e., the greater availability of ultra-processed food and commercial establishments compared to those that sell healthier options, are associated with the consumption of unhealthy foods. This study identified the spatial distribution of these establishments in Campinas, São Paulo. Fast-food restaurants, open-air organic/agroecological food markets and supermarkets were geocoded. Regional administrations (RAs) with greater social vulnerability according to the 2010 Census and with a greater availability of fast-food restaurants in relation to open-air food markets and supermarkets were considered food swamps. The less vulnerable neighborhoods had a higher concentration of all types of commercial food establishments compared to the most vulnerable regions. In Campinas, of eighteen RAs, five were considered food swamps. The findings reinforce the need for actions to improve exposure to healthy foods in more vulnerable neighborhoods.
Factors associated with the adequacy of gestational weight gain among Brazilian teenagers
Authors: Santos Samira Fernandes Morais dos , Costa Ana Carolina Carioca da , Araújo Roberta Gabriela Pimenta da Silva , Silva Laís Araújo Tavares , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Fonseca Vania de Matos
Published: June 2022

Abstract The scope of this article is to evaluate the adequacy of total gestational weight gain (GWG) according to maternal characteristics of Brazilian adolescents. It involved a cross-sectional, hospital-based study. A total of 3,904 teenagers with a single fetus gestation and gestational age (GA) at birth ≥ 37 weeks were included. A hierarchical model was built to analyze the dependent and independent variables adequacy of GWG: sociodemographic, care, obstetric and behavioral characteristics. The chances of insufficient GWG were higher for adolescents from the North (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.07-2.10) and Northeast (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.27-2.21). Paid work increased the chances of insufficient (95%CI: 1.15-2.39) and excessive (95%CI: 1.01-1.86) GWG. The pre-pregnancy body mass index of overweight or obese adolescents was associated with excessive GWG (OR = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.19-2.92 and OR = 3.06, 95%CI: 2.10-4.45, respectively), as well as GA ≥ 42 weeks (OR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.03-4.81). Living in the North and Northeast regions increases the chances of adolescents having insufficient GWG. Having paid work was associated with a greater chance of excessive and insufficient GWG. Furthermore, pre-pregnancy excess weight or obesity and GA ≥ 42 weeks increased the chances of excessive GWG.
The production of health news by the press: the context of the coverage of the 2007/2008 yellow fever epidemic
Authors: Malinverni Cláudia , Brigagão Jacqueline Isaac Machado , Cuenca Angela Maria Belloni
Published: June 2022

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic scenario raises the amplification of the debate around the production and circulation of information about epidemics. In this sense, the objective of this article is to discuss how social contexts shape the news, taking as an example the case of the news coverage that transformed an epizootic of yellow fever, in the summer of 2007/2008, into an epidemic of urban yellow fever. This is a qualitative research with journalists who worked in two large circulation newspapers and actively participated in the coverage of the event. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and submitted to discourse analysis, which allowed the identification of three factors that influenced the production of a media epidemic of yellow fever: the working conditions and the modus operandi of the newsrooms; the political-ideological dimension of the newspapers; and the difficulties of translation of technical-scientific information. A critical understanding of the production process of the journalistic text can contribute to the construction of communication strategies that minimize the circulation of misinformation on public health in traditional media (newspapers, magazines, radio, TV and news portals).
Associação entre deficiência de zinco e declínio cognitivo em idosos da comunidade
Authors: Marchetti Maísa Furlanetto , Silva Graziele Maria da , Freiria Carolina Neves , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex , Brito Tabatta Renata Pereira de , Milanski Marciane , Corona Ligiana Pires
Published: June 2022

Resumo Estudo transversal avaliou a associação entre deficiência de zinco sérico e declínio cognitivo em 591 idosos da comunidade residentes nos municípios de Campinas, Limeira e Piracicaba-SP. A cognição foi avaliada pelo Instrumento de Triagem de Habilidades Cognitivas-CASI-S considerando declínio pontuação <23 em idosos de 60-69 anos e <20 em idosos ≥70 anos. Considerou-se deficiência de zinco sérico valor de <70 µg/dL para mulheres e 74 µg/dL para homens. Entre os domínios cognitivos, idosos com deficiência de zinco tiveram pontuação média significativamente menor no teste de memória (p=0,018). A prevalência da deficiência de zinco foi de 3,9%, e de 9,4% de declínio cognitivo, sendo significativamente maior em idosos com deficiência de zinco do que os que não tinham (26,1% e 8,8%, respectivamente). Em análise de regressão logística múltipla ajustada, os fatores que permaneceram associados ao declínio cognitivo foram deficiência de zinco (OR=3,80; IC95%=1,30-11,12), baixa escolaridade (OR=3,12; IC95%=1,49-6,50), não ter companheiro (OR=1,88; IC95%=1,04-3,42), risco de desnutrição (OR=3,98; IC95%=2,36-6,71), e histórico de acidente vascular encefálico (OR=2,70; IC95%=1,04-6,98). A deficiência de zinco foi associada ao declínio cognitivo em idosos. Ações na atenção básica de saúde são necessárias para prevenir a deficiência deste nutriente.
Obstetric interventions in a maternity hospital with a collaborative model of care: a comparative observational study
Authors: Zaiden Laura , Nakamura-Pereira Marcos , Gomes Maria Auxiliadora Mendes , Esteves-Pereira Ana Paula , Matos Caio Pereira de , Barros Lucas de Araujo , Takemoto Maíra Libertad Soligo , Leal Maria do Carmo
Published: June 2022

Abstract Collaborative models (CM) focused on intrapartum care shared between both midwives and obstetricians have been proposed as a strategy to reduce these rates. Our aim was to compare use of evidence-based practices, obstetric interventions and c-section rates in two settings: a maternity hospital that applies a CM of care (MRJ) and data from a pool of maternity hospitals included in the Birth in Brazil Survey (NB) that do not adopt a CM. Data was abstracted from medical and administrative records in MRJ and from medical records and face-to-face interviews in NB. Differences were compared using chi-square test, with significance level set at p<0.05. MRJ showed a higher frequency of labour companionship, labour care provided by nurse midwives, non-pharmacological pain relief methods, food intake during labour, and less use of oxytocin, analgesia and amniotomy. More women also had second stage assisted by a nurse midwife and in a vertical position, as well as lower use of episiotomies and vacuum-extractor/forceps. The c-section rate was lower at MRJ. Shared care between midwives and obstetricians can be an effective strategy to improve quality of intrapartum care.
Social vulnerabilities and sexual initiation of 10- to 14-year-old pupils in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Costa Simoni Furtado da , Moraes Claudia Leite de , Taquette Stella Regina , Marques Emanuele Souza
Published: June 2022

Abstract This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sexual initiation of pupils aged 10 to 14 who attended the second year of public and private high school in the IX Administrative Region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and to identify the most vulnerable subgroups. The sample consisted of 694 pupils who were selected through cluster-based and stratified sampling by considering school type (public or private) and course type (daytime or evening). Information was collected by means of a structured self-administered questionnaire. The chi-square test (χ2) and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the heterogeneity of proportions among subgroups. The prevalence of the event was 18.4%; it was higher in boys, in subgroups of greater social vulnerability, among those who hooked up/dated up to 14 years of age, in victims of sexual violence in affective-sexual relationships and in pupils showing health risk behaviors. The high rate of sexual initiation in early adolescence, especially in more vulnerable groups, shows that the situation must be understood and addressed by means of intersectoral public policies that take into account a social context of multiple needs rather than reproductive health alone.
Factors associated with neonatal-near miss: birth cohorts in three Brazilian cities - Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís, Brazil
Authors: Rocha Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti , Bettiol Heloisa , Confortin Susana Cararo , Bazo Gabriel , Aristizábal Liliana Yanet Gómez , Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira , Matijasevich Alicia , Santos Iná S. , Silveira Mariângela Freitas da , Cavalli Ricardo de Carvalho , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da , Barbieri Marco Antonio
Published: June 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the association of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, maternal reproductive profile and prenatal and childbirth care with neonatal near miss (NNM) morbidity in four birth cohorts. This study involved four population-based birth cohorts: Ribeirão Preto (RP) and São Luís (SL) (2010), Pelotas 2004 (PEL04) and 2015 (PEL15). NNM was defined when one or more of the following conditions were present: birthweight <1,500 g, 5-minute Apgar score <7, gestational age <32 weeks, and report of congenital malformations. The covariates were obtained with questionnaires applied to the puerperal women. Some particularities between cohorts were identified. In the RP and SL cohorts, factors of the more distal levels (sociodemographic, lifestyle, and reproductive profile) were associated with NNM. On the other hand, proximal factors related to healthcare were more significant for the occurrence of NNM in PEL. Only the absence of prenatal care was associated with NNM in all cohorts: RP (OR=4.27, 95%CI 2.16-8.45), SL (OR=2.32, 95%CI 1.09-4.94), PEL04 (OR=4.79, 95%CI 1.59-14.46), and PEL15 (OR=5.10, 95%CI 2.60-9.97).
Número de equipes assistenciais e internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária
Authors: Veloso Márcio Antônio Alves , Caldeira Antônio Prates
Published: June 2022

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a correlação entre o número de equipes de saúde da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e o número de internações de causas sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP), considerando ainda taxas, custos e diárias hospitalares em um município de grande porte em Minas Gerais entre 2010 e 2019. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de correlação de série temporal sobre as ICSAP de pacientes internados no sistema público de saúde. Os dados são do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e do Sistema de Informação e Gestão da Atenção Básica. A análise de correlação foi realizada a partir de número, taxas brutas e padronizadas, percentuais, custos e diárias das ICSAP e cobertura assistencial (número médio de equipes), utilizando-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, assumindo-se nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Para todo o período, não se registrou correlação satisfatória para o aumento do número de equipes sobre as ICSAP (exceto para taxa padronizada de internações). Quando se avalia exclusivamente o período em que o município apresenta cobertura populacional superior a 70% para ESF, todas as correlações são inversamente proporcionais e estatisticamente significantes.
Prevalência de doenças crônicas em octogenários: dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019
Authors: Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Assumpção Daniela de , Bacurau Aldiane Gomes de Macedo , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex
Published: June 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência de doenças/condições crônicas em octogenários segundo sexo, faixas etárias e plano de saúde, e sua relação com a dificuldade para realização de atividades habituais. Estudo transversal de base populacional com dados de idosos (n = 6.098) da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019. Estimaram-se as prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95%. As prevalências foram: hipertensão 61,7%, problema de coluna 30,0%, hipercolesterolemia 22,0%, diabetes 20,3%, artrite/reumatismo 19,4%, cardiopatias 19,3%, depressão 9,4%, câncer 8,9%, AVC 7,5%, asma 4,9%, doença pulmonar (DP) 4,2% e insuficiência renal (IR) 3,0%. Hipertensão, problema de coluna, hipercolesterolemia, artrite/reumatismo e depressão maiores nas mulheres, e câncer nos homens. Cardiopatias, hipercolesterolemia, artrite/reumatismo, IR, câncer e depressão maiores naqueles com plano de saúde. Restrição de atividades habituais, 14,8% mais frequente nos cardiopatas, com problema de coluna, artrite/reumatismo, IR, depressão, AVC, câncer e DP. Observaram-se maiores prevalências nas mulheres e nos que possuem plano de saúde. Dificuldades para atividades habituais relacionadas às doenças demandam a ampliação do cuidado aos mais idosos.
Prevalence of chronic diseases in octogenarians: data from the National Health Survey 2019
Authors: Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Assumpção Daniela de , Bacurau Aldiane Gomes de Macedo , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Borim Flávia Silva Arbex
Published: June 2022

Abstract This article aims to estimate the prevalence of chronic diseases/conditions in octogenarians according to sex, age groups and private health insurance, and its relationship with difficulty in performing usual activities. Cross-sectional population-based study with elderly data (n = 6,098) from the National Health Survey (PNS) 2019. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. The prevalences were: hypertension 61.7%, chronic back problem 30.0%, hypercholesterolemia 22.0%, diabetes 20.3%; arthritis/rheumatism 19.4%, heart disease 19.3%, depression 9.4%, cancer 8.9%, cerebrovascular accident (CA) 7.5%, asthma 4.9%, lung disease (LD) 4.2% and kidney failure (KF) 3.0%. Hypertension, chronic back problem, hypercholesterolemia, major arthritis/rheumatism and depression in women, and cancer in men. Major heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, arthritis/rheumatism, KF, cancer and depression in those with private health insurance. Restriction of usual activities 14.8%, more frequent in cardiac patients, with chronic back problem, arthritis/rheumatism, KF, depression, CA, cancer and LD. There were higher prevalences in women and in those who have health insurance. Difficulties in usual activities related to diseases demand the expansion of care for the older adults.
A pesquisa-ação como práxis na popularização da ciência
Authors: Orquiza Liliam Maria , García Laura Sánchez , Orquiza-de-Carvalho Lizete Maria , Carvalho Washington Luiz Pacheco de
Published: June 2022

Resumo Enquanto a pesquisa-ação busca a transformação de uma realidade tal como ela é, a popularização da ciência visa inserir os cidadãos em um processo decisório e participativo, retirando-os da situação de usuários compulsórios dos produtos da ciência e tecnologia, passivos e invisibilizados. A tese defendida neste ensaio é a de que a pesquisa-ação pode colaborar com a popularização da ciência, de modo que haja apropriação do conhecimento pelos participantes não cientistas e haja, também, uma mudança de sujeitos passivos para sujeitos críticos e de agentes individuais para agentes sociais. A partir de uma metodologia de natureza reflexiva, interpretativa e crítica da realidade estudada, a conclusão é que todos aqueles envolvidos com a ciência devem considerar a utilização mais frequente da pesquisa-ação em suas práticas de extensão e pesquisa. Esta parece ser a chave para quem busca uma ciência democrática e inclusiva.
Utilização dos testes estatísticos Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney para avaliação de sistemas de solos reforçados com geotêxteis
Authors: Almeida Déborah Castro e , Pitanga Heraldo Nunes , Silva Taciano Oliveira da , Silva Natália Assunção Brasil , Avelar Marcela Giacometti de
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo principal avaliar a influência do tipo de geotêxtil de reforço, solo, posição de inserção do reforço geossintético e energia de compactação no comportamento mecânico de solos reforçados com geotêxtil. Esta avaliação foi baseada nos resultados dos ensaios de Resistência à Compressão Não Confinada (RCNC) e de Resistência ao Cisalhamento Direto (τpico). Para a avaliação da influência desses fatores no comportamento mecânico, utilizaram-se testes não-paramétricos, conforme o número de amostras de cada fator. Foram aplicados os testes de Kruskal-Wallis para os fatores “solo” e “tipo de geotêxtil” e de Mann-Whitney para os fatores “posição de inserção do geotêxtil” e “energia de compactação”. De um modo geral, os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas de RCNC dos solos reforçados comparativamente aos não reforçados. Para o cenário que envolveu a avaliação do comportamento de diferentes solos reforçados, a diferença entre os resultados foi dependente da mobilização do reforço. Em relação aos distintos geotêxteis aplicados e às diferentes posições de localização destes elementos, notou-se que tais fatores não exerceram efeitos estatisticamente significantes sobre o parâmetro RCNC. Quando analisadas as diferentes energias de compactação, observou-se que o aumento dessa energia levou ao incremento do contato do geossintético com o solo, aumentando as forças de atrito de interface e gerando maiores acréscimos de RCNC. Quando analisados os resultados referentes aos ensaios de resistência ao cisalhamento direto, percebeu-se que as mudanças de energia de compactação, solo e tipo de geotêxtil não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante sobre o parâmetro τpico e que a inserção de diferentes geotêxteis nos distintos solos estudados não promoveu completa interação entre os materiais, proporcionando a deficiência do atrito de interface.
Effects of copper nanoparticles on performance, muscle and bone characteristics and serum metabolites in broilers
Authors: Abdullah S. S. , Masood S. , Zaneb H. , Rabbani I. , Akbar J. , Kuthu Z. H. , Masood A. , Vargas-Bello-Pérez E.
Published: June 2022

Abstract Three hundred and twenty day old Hubbard broilers were randomly allocated to four treatments (8 replicates, 10 birds/pen) and were raised under standard management conditions. Birds in the first group served as control and were fed a corn based diet, while birds in the remaining three groups i.e.; A, B and C were fed with a basal diet supplemented with copper nanoparticles (CuNP) at 5, 10 and 15 mg /kg of diet respectively for 35 days. Supplementation of CuNP linearly increased (P≤0.05) body weight (BW), average daily weight gain (ADWG) and feed intake (FI) in broilers. Uric acid, glucose levels in blood and feed conversion ratio (FCR) reduced linearly (P≤0.05) with CuNP supplementation in diet. Supplementation of CuNP in the diet also linearly increased (P≤0.05) tibia weight, length, diameter, weight/length index (W/L) and Tibiotarsal index (TT index). Inclusion of CuNP in broilers diet linearly increased the measured parameters of muscle i.e.; pH, fiber diameter, fiber cross-sectional area, fascicle diameter, fascicle cross-sectional area (P≤0.05). Concentration of copper, iron, calcium and phosphorous in blood also increased line-arly (P ≤ 0.05) with CuNP supplementation. Overall, CuNP positively affected the growth performance, histological characteristics of muscles, bone strength and serum metabolites in broilers.
POR QUE A CLÍNICA COMO PARADIGMA DA PESQUISA PSICANALÍTICA?
Authors: GUERRA ANDRÉA MÁRIS CAMPOS
Published: June 2022

RESUMO: Defendo a hipótese da clínica como paradigma da pesquisa psicanalítica, independentemente dos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados. Percorro Freud e Lacan com vistas à extração de lógicas da verdade em relação ao real para mostrar a clínica como fundamento paradigmático da pesquisa psicanalítica. Em Freud, parto da discussão da Weltanschauung da psicanálise em relação à da ciência. Em Lacan, discuto dois movimentos em relação à verdade em sua obra. Apoio-me no número transfinito de Cantor para mostrar a construção da verdade como suplemento extraído do real impossível de cernir. Concluo com a mostração de experiências de pesquisa psicanalítica de fenômenos sociais complexos.
ALTERAÇÕES PSÍQUICAS EM PROFISSIONAIS DA ENFERMAGEM PERTENCENTES AO GRUPO DE RISCO PARA COMPLICAÇÕES DA COVID-19
Authors: Tavares Juliana Petri , Cócaro Mateus Gomes , Olino Luciana , Vieira Lizandra Santos , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Dantas Filho Fábio Fernandes , Pai Daiane Dal
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as alterações psíquicas em profissionais da enfermagem pertencentes e não pertencentes ao grupo de risco para complicações da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo transversal multicêntrico, com 845 profissionais de enfermagem de quatro hospitais do Sul do Brasil, entre agosto e outubro de 2020. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por intermédio de um formulário eletrônico contendo os instrumentos Self-Reporting Questionnaire e o Maslach Burnout Inventory. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: dos 845 participantes, 214 pertenciam ao grupo de risco. Estes apresentaram maiores médias nos escores de Desgaste Emocional e Despersonalização (p<0,05), e maiores percentuais de Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores (55,2%). Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores e fazer parte da instituição B explicaram em 10,0% a variabilidade da Realização Profissional. Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores, uso de medicações, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições A, B e C explicaram em 38,7% a variabilidade do Desgaste Emocional. Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores, impacto na saúde mental e fazer parte das instituições A e B explicaram em 23,1% a variabilidade da Despersonalização. Conclusões: o grupo de risco apresentou maior exposição a alterações psíquicas. O modelo de regressão não identificou diferença entre ser ou não do grupo de risco quanto à Síndrome de Burnout. O estudo contribui no planejamento de intervenções laborais protetivas no âmbito das instituições e das políticas públicas de saúde, visando diminuir possíveis fatores relacionados ao acometimento da Síndrome de Burnout e dos Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores.
Motivaciones para la Elección de la Profesión Docente: el caso de un programa de acceso temprano a pedagogía en Chile
Authors: Turra-Díaz Omar , Rivas-Valenzuela Marcela
Published: June 2022

RESUMEN El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo, caracterizar las motivaciones que declaran estudiantes de un programa de acceso temprano, para elegir la carrera docente como opción profesional. La investigación se desarrolló desde una metodología cualitativa, considerando la entrevista semi-estructurada como fuente de producción de información y la condensación de significados, como método de análisis. La información recabada permite, desde la distinción de las motivaciones intrínsecas y extrínsecas, el levantamiento de cinco categorías de sentido. Para el caso de las motivaciones intrínsecas: el valor social de la profesión docente, la realización personal asociada a la enseñanza e interés por una disciplina escolar. Desde las motivaciones extrínsecas, los beneficios de la profesión docente y la academia como aspiración profesional. También el estudio permite concluir que los componentes motivacionales intrínsecos poseen una mayor densidad en la elección de la profesión docente.
A Burocracia de Nível de Rua na Discricionariedade Docente
Authors: Guimarães Tereza Cristina de Almeida , Bernado Elisangela da Silva , Borde Amanda Moreira
Published: June 2022

RESUMO O estudo objetiva analisar a atuação do professor como burocrata de nível de rua e o papel da discricionariedade docente na escola. O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em 2019, em uma escola pública de São Gonçalo/RJ. Seu aporte teórico dialoga com pressupostos da teoria Street-Level Bureaucracy, de Lipsky (1980) para compreender a implementação da política e a ação dos sujeitos. Os resultados evidenciaram uma importante discricionariedade do professor como fator de reconfiguração das políticas públicas da escola, principalmente em relação a sua interação com os demais atores do processo de implementação.
IS IT WORTHWHILE FOR ORGANIZATIONS TO HAVE SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES?
Authors: Frizon Jucelia Appio , Eugénio Teresa , Falcão Ana Sílvia
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT Knowing the employees’ perspective is essential for good human resource management. In this investigation we sought to determine whether the employees of Portuguese organizations perceive that management practices are aligned with corporate social responsibility (CSR), and whether these practices affect organizational performance. The methodological design we adopted in this study is characterized as being descriptive and quantitative. Multiple regression analysis reveals that the greatest positive impact on the perception of organizational performance for providing health and safety in the workplace was obtained by way of socially responsible, economic-financial management practices (β=0.327) and from the organization’s business strategies being aligned with social responsibility (β=0.277). Among the practices impacting the organization’s interaction and commitment to the community, we emphasize brand promotion strategies being aligned with CSR principles (β=0.305), and the organization’s business strategies being aligned with its social responsibility (β=0.266).
Effects of changing geology on the performance of a tunnel boring machine for the Thames Tideway Tunnel, London, UK
Authors: Newman Tim , Hueso Oscar , Goirigolzarri Mikel Martinez
Published: June 2022

An earth pressure balance tunnel boring machine (TBM), 8.8 m in diameter, was used to construct a 7.6 km long section of the Thames Tideway Tunnel through central London, UK, between Battersea and Bermondsey. Two major geological structures – the Lambeth Anticline and the London Bridge fault zone – have imposed significant changes in the tunnel face geology. The TBM was continually monitored for operating parameters such as cutterhead torque, thrust and injection of spoil-conditioning additives. This led to recognition of the structures, in addition to a high frequency of sand channels within the Upper Lambeth Group strata. The monitoring led to validation of the pre-construction geological model and, in conjunction with inspection of the tunnel face during scheduled interventions and geological logging of several interception shafts, provided valuable assurances for the predicted ground ahead of tunnelling operations.
Failure probability analysis of corroded RC structures considering the effect of spatial variability
Authors: Yang Yiming , Tang Huang , Wang Xinzhong
Published: June 2022

A reasonable assessment of the probability of structural failure is essential to ensure the safe performance of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In this paper, a novel cross-sectional area loss model of corroded steel bars is proposed and the scale of fluctuation of some key parameters is estimated using the semi-variogram function method. A stochastic resistance deterioration model considering the effect of unbalanced corrosion and spatial variability and a time-dependent reliability assessment method of corroded concrete structures (CCSs) are then presented. A simple case analysis of a CCS is used to illustrate the application of the proposed method. The case analysis results show that the cumulative failure probability (CFP) is overestimated using the popular pit area model, while it is underestimated without considering the spatial variability of calculation parameters. Random field parameter analysis shows that an appropriate choice of the element size is very important for the safety evaluation of RC structures. Additionally, compared with a marine atmospheric environment, the CFP of a case study structure in tidal and splash environments was found to be increased by 20.15% and 70.40%, respectively, due to the gradual increase of corrosion current density. Of the three service environments, the splash environment thus has the greatest impact on structural failure probability.
Information Behaviour of Visually Impaired Users in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesina Olabisi , Oyedokun Tunde , Ambali Zainab , Otonekwu Florence
Published: June 2022

There is a scarcity of research on the information behavior of visually impaired users during the COVID-19 epidemic, and people with visual impairment make up a significant portion of the population in Lagos State, Nigeria. Individuals living with one sort of visual impairment also needed knowledge to be productive and contribute positively to national development, which is why advocacy for equal access to information has been on the rise. This paper tends to document what information visually impaired persons sought after to cope with the current pandemic and life situation in general. Tips on how to address the information demands of the visually impaired efficiently using creative techniques and information technology are provided.
Private Archive in Turkey: Recommendations in the Context of Private Archives Practices in Scotland
Authors: Öztürk Hasan
Published: June 2022

Private archives, which are not produced by public sources, enlighten the public, and are the continuation and complement of public archives, have an important place in domestic and foreign archive literature. These archives are generally created by families, individuals, legal institutions and organizations by natural or unnatural ways. Therefore, they are seen as hobby products that have a special and personal quality and are not subject to legal regulations. However, private archives have a supporting role to public archives in illuminating the issues affecting the state and nation life, especially historical research. There are various legal regulations regarding private archives in Turkey. However, although these regulations are insufficient, active and effective steps are not taken at the point of implementation. In this study, the current legal regulations and issue concerning private archives will be exemined and the National Archives of Scotland, which has important private archive applications, will be mentioned. Finally, some practice recommendations have been developed in order to make private archives more effective and functional in Turkey.
Institutional repository in Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Nwakaego Francisca
Published: June 2022

There is a glaring divide between institutional literature and the user community. Institutional Repository (IR) deals with bridging the gap between institutions’ ever growing educational and research output, and the users of the materials for teaching/learning, research, decision making and societal advancement. According to literature, the pace of adoption of IR has been slow and quit uneven especially in the developing world with very few universities adopting IR in Nigeria. In the light of the innumerable benefits of institutional repository, Kenneth Dike Library has joined university libraries all over the world in the adoption of institutional repository. The paper examined the institutional repository of Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan (UI) which is a Premier university in Nigeria. The study adopted survey method. Interview instrument was used for the study. The basic information about UI institutional repository development and management procedures were obtained through a face-to-face interview with some of the library’s systems staff that are knowledgeable on the university’s IR. The study identified the procedural activities in the IR development at Kenneth Dike Library (KDL), which include strategic planning of the project by UI library management, seeking for and obtaining the university management’s approval, the adoption of in-house approach to digitization and management of IRs, and the continual digitization processes. Finally the study indicated some problems and solutions in the management of University of Ibadan IR project which could be of help to those institutions that are yet to establish IRs.