bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring and understanding HCV patient journeys- HEPCARE Europe project
Authors: Glaspy Shannon , Avramovic Gordana , McHugh Tina , Oprea Cristiana , Surey Julian , Ianache Irina , Macías Juan , Story Alistair , Cullen Walter , Lambert John S.
Published: March 2021

Background

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a leading cause for chronic liver diseases worldwide. The European Union and World Health Organization aspire to eliminate HCV by 2030. However, among at-risk populations, including, homeless people, prisoners and People Who Inject Drugs, access to diagnosis and treatment is challenging. Hepcare Europe is an integrated model of care developed to address this by assessing potential reasons for these restrictions and determining measures needed to improve HCV diagnosis, treatment and access to care within different communities.

Objectives

HepCare Europe is an EU-supported project involving collaboration between five institutions in: Ireland, United Kingdom, Spain and Romania. We aim to explore the journey of care experienced by those living with HCV with a focus on previous care disruptions (loss to follow up) and the new HepCare Europe Programme.

Methods

Research teams conducted semi-structured interviews with patients who accessed services through HepCare Europe thus, patients were recruited by purposeful sampling. Patients interviewed had received, or were in the final weeks of receiving, treatment. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and translated into English, and sent to the Dublin team for inductive thematic analysis. Researchers from the HepCare Europe research team coded the data separately, then together.

Results

Common themes are introduced to present similarities, following individual site themes to highlight the importance of tailored interventions for each country. Key themes are: 1) Hepatitis C patients lost to follow up 2) HepCare improved access to treatment and 3) the need for improved HCV education. Individual themes also emerged for each site. These are: Ireland: New opportunities associated with achieving Sustained Virologic Responses (SVR). Romania: HCV is comparatively less crucial in light of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) coinfections. UK: Patients desire support to overcome social barriers and Spain: Improved awareness of HCV, treatment and alcohol use.

Conclusion

This study identified how the tailored HepCare interventions enabled improved HCV testing and linkage to care outcomes for these patients. Tailored interventions that targeted the needs of patients, increased the acceptability and success of treatment by patients. HepCare demonstrated the need for flexibility in treatment delivery, and provided additional supports to keep patients engaged and educated on new treatment therapies.
Experimental and computational studies of an antiplasmodial derivative of allantoin; antimycobacterial essential oil from Cordia batesii WERNHAM (Boraginaceae)
Authors: Tiam Eric Robert , Bikobo Dominique Serge Ngono , Ndassa Ibrahim Mbouombouo , Nyemeck II Norbert Mbabi , A Zintchem Auguste Abouem , Ayong Lawrence , Diboué Patrick Hervé Betote , Ndjakou Bruno Lenta , Mbing Joséphine Ngo , Pegnyemb Dieudonné Emmanuel
Published: March 2021

Background

Chemical and pharmacological investigations were performed on the stems of Cordia batesii (Boraginaeae); chemical studies included quantum calculations applied on a newly described compound.

Results

A new derivative of allantoin (1) named batesiin (2) was characterized. Thirteen other known compounds involving allantoin (1) were either isolated or identified. GC–MS enabled the identification of six compounds from a fraction containing essential oil. MeOH extract and some isolated compounds were tested in vitro against Pf7G8 CQS and Pf Dd2 CQR strains of Plasmodium falciparum; extract disclosed a moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 50 μg mL−1). Meantime, the CH2Cl2 extract and essential oil fraction were tested on a resistant mycobacterial strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis; a potent antimycobacterial activity with a MIC = 9.52 μg mL−1 was deduced from essential oil. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried on batesiin (2). Calculated chemical shifts at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and MPW1PW91/6-31G+(d,p) showed much better correlations with the experimental data. Time dependent DFT at B3LYP/6-31G+(d,p) displayed a major absorption band 3.01 nm higher than the experimental value.

Conclusion

Cordia batesii can be considered as promising in search of compounds with antimalarial and antitubercular properties. DFT studies are very helpful when trying to learn more about the spectroscopic insights of a derivative of allantoin (1).
Depression and psychosocial burden among caregivers of children with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Mahmoud Dalia Abdel Moneim , Saad Ahmed , Abdelhamid Yasmine Hassan , El Hawary Yomna
Published: March 2021

Background

More attention has recently targeted families of children with chronic kidney diseases displaying depressive symptoms and major psychosocial burden due to the long-standing nature of the illness and its alarming complications. A cross sectional comparative study was conducted to assess the rate of occurrence of both depression severity and psychological burden, personal and role strain in a sample of Egyptian caregivers of children with chronic kidney disease.

Results

Thirty caregivers of children with CKD were enrolled compared to 30 matched controls during a 6-month period. A short pre-designed sheet including socio-demographic data, and general medical, psychiatric and family history was used, and Beck Depression Inventory, Zarit Burden Interview, Holmes and Rahe Socioeconomic Stress Scale, and Occupational Stress Questionnaire were answered.

More than half of the caregivers of children with chronic kidney disease reported moderate depression (53.3%), while 30% and 16.7% reported mild and severe depression respectively. The majority of cases 80% had moderate psychological burden. And 70% of cases reported minimal socioeconomic stress compared to 40% in the control. Logistic regression analysis showed that ZBI and SRRS scores were significantly linked to depression and burden found in caregivers of children with CKD (P = 0.001 and 0.031) respectively.

Conclusion

The rate of occurrence of depression and psychological burden is significantly high in caregivers of children with chronic kidney disease; therefore, this population must be assessed and provided with liaison psychological rehabilitation.
Impact of COVID-19 infodemic on psychological wellbeing and vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Samal Janmejaya
Published: March 2021

Background

With COVID-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a scenario that is unique compared to any other such pandemic that the world has grappled with. This is primarily owing to the parallel infodemic that the population faced with disinformation and misinformation explosion in several platforms that an individual can access.

Main body

The myriad of information that everyone in the world received acted as double-edged sword as some information helped individuals in allying the anxiety and stigma and motivated them for appropriate COVID-19 behavior; however, on the other hand, the same acted opposite and created a whole lot of negative problems in the community. The misinformation regarding the disease is not only limited to what has happened so far in the realm of prevention and control rather the same is also plaguing the efforts towards effective vaccine uptake.

Conclusion

With the technological and media advancement, it is getting difficult to ward off every misinformation that is getting received at individual end which is obviously detrimental in the efforts toward effective vaccine acceptance; however, measures need to be taken at appropriate level to curb this menace of infodemic to relax the world from the clutch of this pandemic. This article looks at the impact of the misinformation and disinformation on psychological wellbeing and vaccine acceptance and suggests remedial measures.
Supporting people with diabetes now and in the future
Authors: Phillips Anne
Published: March 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many changes to practice have taken place. Anne Phillips explains why it is important to stay up to date to help people with diabetes to manage their condition
Managing foot care for people with diabetes
Authors: Robbie Jayne
Published: March 2021

Foot ulceration in people living with diabetes has a major impact on morbidity, mortality and quality of life. Jayne Robbie explains the role practice nurses can play in identifying this time-sensitive condition

Foot ulceration is the foremost cause of hospital admissions in people living with diabetes, with increasing incidence of wound infection on initial presentation over the past 5 years. This has also been associated with an up to 10-fold increase in cost and poor outcomes, with increasing length of bed stays and recurrence, with approximately 80% of major amputations being preceded by ulceration. Foot ulcers are prone to rapidly spreading infection, resulting in overwhelming tissue destruction and often necessitating major amputation, which as well as being limb threatening, is also life-limiting, as only around 50% of patients survive for 2 years after major amputation occurring as a result of diabetes. The importance of multi-professional working and robust care pathways will ensure that patients have access to the right medical interventions at the optimum time, with evidence demonstrating that early referral to specialist care reduces amputation rates and times to healing and that multi-professional teamworking (inpatient and community-based/outpatient) can reduce both hospital admissions and amputation rates. Nurses working in general practice have a key role to play in improving outcomes for people living with diabetes.
A multicentre, randomized, parallel group, superiority study to compare the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of external frame versus internal locking plate for complete articular pilon fracture fixation in adults
Authors: Flett Lydia , Adamson Joy , Barron Elizabeth , Brealey Stephen , Corbacho Belen , Costa Matthew L. , Gedney Graham , Giotakis Nikolaos , Hewitt Catherine , Hugill-Jones Jessica , Hukins Deborah , Keding Ada , McDaid Catriona , Mitchell Alex , Northgraves Matthew , O'Carroll Grace , Parker Adwoa , Scantlebury Arabella , Stobbart Lynne , Torgerson David , Turner Emma , Welch Charlie , Sharma Hemant
Published: March 2021

Aims

A pilon fracture is a severe ankle joint injury caused by high-energy trauma, typically affecting men of working age. Although relatively uncommon (5% to 7% of all tibial fractures), this injury causes among the worst functional and health outcomes of any skeletal injury, with a high risk of serious complications and long-term disability, and with devastating consequences on patients’ quality of life and financial prospects. Robust evidence to guide treatment is currently lacking. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of two surgical interventions that are most commonly used to treat pilon fractures.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 334 adult patients diagnosed with a closed type C pilon fracture will be conducted. Internal locking plate fixation will be compared with external frame fixation. The primary outcome and endpoint will be the Disability Rating Index (a patient self-reported assessment of physical disability) at 12 months. This will also be measured at baseline, three, six, and 24 months after randomization. Secondary outcomes include the Olerud and Molander Ankle Score (OMAS), the five-level EuroQol five-dimenison score (EQ-5D-5L), complications (including bone healing), resource use, work impact, and patient treatment preference. The acceptability of the treatments and study design to patients and health care professionals will be explored through qualitative methods.

Discussion

The two treatments being compared are the most commonly used for this injury, however there is uncertainty over which is most clinically and cost-effective. The Articular Pilon Fracture (ACTIVE) Trial is a sufficiently powered and rigorously designed study to inform clinical decisions for the treatment of adults with this injury. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(3):150–163.
Bending Vibration Analysis of Nanobeams using the Nonlocal Motion Equations Solved by an Integral Approach
Authors: ANGHEL Viorel , SOROHAN Stefan
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with the dynamic characteristics for bending vibrations of Euler-Bernoulli type nanobeams taking into account the scale effects via the nonlocal motion equations. An integral method, based on the use of Green’s functions, has been used in order to obtain the corresponding
eigenvalue problem. The proposed integral approach is an approximate matrix method. Effects of different boundary conditions and of an elastic foundation have been also included. The presented numerical examples show good agreement when compared to results from literature. The proposed method can be used in the case of nanodevices analysis modeled as beams (MEMS, NEMS).
Genetic impacts on thermostability of onco-lncRNA HOTAIR during the development and progression of endometriosis
Authors: Chang Cherry Yin-Yi , Tseng Chung-Chen , Lai Ming-Tsung , Chiang An-Jen , Lo Lun-Chien , Chen Chih-Mei , Yen Man-Ju , Sun Li , Yang Li , Hwang Tritium , Tsai Fuu-Jen , Sheu Jim Jinn-Chyuan
Published: March 2021

HOTAIR is a well-known long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) involved in various cellular signaling, whereas its functional impacts on endometriosis development are still largely unknown. To this end, six potential functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inHOTAIR, with minor allele frequencies more than 10% in Han population and altered net energy of RNA structures larger than 0.5 kcal/mol, were selected for genotyping study. The study included 207 endometriosis patients and 200 healthy women. Genetic substitutions at rs1838169 and rs17720428 were frequently found in endometriosis patients, and rs1838169 showed statistical significance (p= 0.0174). The G-G (rs1838169-rs17720428) haplotype showed the most significant association with endometriosis (p< 0.0001) with enhanced HOTAIR stability, and patients who harbor such haplotype tended to show higher CA125. Data mining further revealed higher mRNA HOTAIR levels in the endometria of patients with severe endometriosis which consistently showed reduced HOXD10 and HOXA5 levels. HOTAIR knockdown with specific shRNAs down-regulated cell proliferation and migration with the induction of HOXD10 and HOXA5 expression in human ovarian clear cancer cells. Our study therefore provided evidence to indicate a prominent role of HOTAIR in promoting endometriosis, which could be used as a potential target for clinical applications.
A novel comprehensive metric to assess effectiveness of COVID-19 testing: Inter-country comparison and association with geography, government, and policy response
Authors: Kuster Anthony C. , Overgaard Hans J.
Published: March 2021

Testing and case identification are key strategies in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Contact tracing and isolation are only possible if cases have been identified. The effectiveness of testing should be assessed, but a single comprehensive metric is not available to assess testing effectiveness, and no timely estimates of case detection rate are available globally, making inter-country comparisons difficult. The purpose of this paper was to propose a single, comprehensive metric, called the COVID-19 Testing Index (CovTI) scaled from 0 to 100, derived from epidemiological indicators of testing, and to identify factors associated with this outcome. The index was based on case-fatality rate, test positivity rate, active cases, and an estimate of the detection rate. It used parsimonious modeling to estimate the true total number of COVID-19 cases based on deaths, testing, health system capacity, and government transparency. Publicly reported data from 165 countries and territories that had reported at least 100 confirmed cases by June 3, 2020 were included in the index. Estimates of detection rates aligned satisfactorily with previous estimates in literature (R2= 0.44). As of June 3, 2020, the states with the highest CovTI included Hong Kong (93.7), Australia (93.5), Iceland (91.8), Cambodia (91.3), New Zealand (90.6), Vietnam (90.2), and Taiwan (89.9). Bivariate analyses showed the mean CovTI in countries with open public testing policies (66.9, 95% CI 61.0–72.8) was significantly higher than in countries with no testing policy (29.7, 95% CI 17.6–41.9) (p<0.0001). A multiple linear regression model assessed the association of independent grouping variables with CovTI. Open public testing and extensive contact tracing were shown to significantly increase CovTI, after adjusting for extrinsic factors, including geographic isolation and centralized forms of government. The correlation of testing and contact tracing policies with improved outcomes demonstrates the validity of this model to assess testing effectiveness and also suggests these policies were effective at improving health outcomes. This tool can be combined with other databases to identify other factors or may be useful as a standalone tool to help inform policymakers.
My life with Robert Smithson
Authors: Ruyter Francis
Published: March 2021

Self-Portrait
Art
Authors: Hoffos David , Henry Margo
Published: March 2021

The interview with curator and guest editor Wayne Baerwaldt and artist, Zachari Logan pertains to questions about the nature of Logan’s visual art practice in relation to gender, sexuality and intersecting issues of queer embodiment and landscape.
COVID-19 en Estados Unidos: la desigualdad social como causa y consecuencia
Authors: Bilal Usama
Published: March 2021

La pandemia de COVID-19 es una de las crisis sanitarias globales mas importantes del último siglo. En este articulo resumimos la situación en los Estados Unidos de América (EEUU) con respecto a la pandemia, con una mezcla de observaciones personales y datos epidemiológicos. Reseñamos la importancia de considerar la situación sanitaria y política previa a la pandemia, desde donde EEUU parte como un país con una esperanza de vida más baja que otros países occidentales, con un sistema sanitario fragmentado y muy desigual. Seguidamente describimos como ha evolucionado la pandemia en el país, con un inicio en Nueva York y otras ciudades de la costa este, seguida de una segunda ola en el sur del país. Por último, destacamos dos retos fundamentales durante la pandemia: el agravamiento de las desigualdades en salud, y la situación política del país, que ha partidizado las medidas de control epidemiológico.
Nasopharyngeal colonization at birth and the development of early-onset neonatal sepsis
Authors: Febriani Andi Dwi Bahagia , Putri Nilam Sartika , Alasiry Ema , Daud Dasril
Published: March 2021

Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Exposure to maternal bacteria during pregnancy or delivery allows for colonization of the normal upper airway. Such bacteria become the major ecological species in the infant. If the colonizing bacteria invade the bloodstream, early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) could occur.

Objective To evaluate for an association between colonization of the newborn nasopharynx and EONS, as well as for agreement between nasopharyngeal swab culture and blood culture isolate results.

Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital and Ibnu Sina Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi. Nasopharyngeal swab culture was taken within 2 hours of life from newborns who met the inclusion criteria, then they were followed up for signs of EONS. Blood culture was taken from subject with EONS.

Results Of the 100 newborns, 69 (69%) had nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization, of whom 5.8% (4/69) experienced EONS. Of the remaining 31 (31%) without colonization, 9.7% (3/31) experienced EONS. There was no significant difference in frequency of EONS between newborns with and without nasopharyngeal colonization. Although Gram-negative bacteria were predominant among colonized newborns, there was no significant difference to numbers of Gram-positive bacteria as a causative agent of EONS. Only one patient with EONS had the same bacterial species in both the nasopharynx and blood culture isolate.

Conclusion  Newborn nasopharyngeal colonization at birth is not associated with EONS.
Flat foot at 5 to 6-year-old and history of delayed walking
Authors: Octavius Gilbert Sterling , Sugiarto Thalia , Handy Fransisca , Hartanto Rima Natasha
Published: March 2021

Background Flat foot, also known as pes planus, is a common problem in daily pediatric practice. For most children, this physiologic condition gradually disappears with age. However, flat foot that persists after the age of four might have developmental coordination disorder in the future and it may relate to the history of delayed walking . Objective To determine the prevalence of delayed walking in children with pes planus compared to children with normal foot curvature and to assess for a possible association between flat foot and history of delayed walking. Methods This cross-sectional study was done in 120 children aged 5-6 years. Foot curvature was evaluated by wet footprint test. Inclusion criteria include children in 3 playgroups in Tangerang from January to August 2018, in children aged 5-6 years. Children with history of neurologic diseases, genetic disorders, chronic diseases, disorders of the lower extremities except pes planus, and obesity were excluded. Grading of pes planus refers to Olivier et al. criteria and evaluation of delayed walking at 18-month-old was done through history taking from their parents. Results Of 120 children, 41 (34.2%) had pes planus while 11 (9.2%) had a history of delayed walking. Of those 11 children, 9 had pes planus. Most children with pes planus had grade I (78%). There was a significant association between pes planus and delayed walking (OR=10.8; 95%CI 2.2 to 52,9; P=0.001;). Conclusion In 5-6-year-old children, there is a significant association between pes planus grade 2 & 3 and history of delayed walking early in life. Wet footprint test screening for children with a history or signs of delayed walking may be used to identify pes planus in order to implement treatment in a timely manner.
Perbandingan Ultrasonografi Paru dan Rontgen Dada sebagai Alat Bantu Diagnostik Pneumonia pada Anak
Authors: Nursakina Yosilia , Tartila Tartila , Ifran Evita Bermanshah
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang. Pemeriksaan Rontgen dada seringkali dilakukan pada pasien anak dengan pneumonia. Akan tetapi, pemeriksaan Rontgen dada memiliki sejumlah kekurangan, seperti meningkatkan paparan radiasi ionisasi pada anak, memiliki jeda lama dalam mengambil dan memproses gambar, angka false positive tinggi, dan potensi variabilitas antarpengamat. Sejumlah literatur terbaru menunjukkan bahwa USG memiliki akurasi tinggi dalam mendiagnosis pneumonia dibandingkan Rontgen dada, serta dianggap ideal dalam pemeriksaan pada anak karena bebas radiasi dan portabel.Tujuan. Membandingkan akurasi ultrasound paru dan Rontgen dada dalam menegakkan diagnosis pneumonia pada anak.Metode. Penelusuran literatur secara terstruktur dilakukan melalui Pubmed®, ScienceDirect®, Proquest®, Proquest®, Scopus®, ClinicalKey®, dan EBSCO®.Hasil. Studi meta-analisis Balk dkk menunjukkan bahwa USG memiliki akurasi tinggi dalam mendiagnosis pneumonia pada anak dengan sensitivitas 0,96 vs 0,87 dan spesifisitas 0,95 vs 0,98. Sementara studi Xin dkk menunjukkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas USG paru yang tinggi, yakni 0,93 dan 0,96 berturut-turut.Kesimpulan. Kedua studi yang ditelaah menunjukkan kecenderungan sensitivitas yang lebih tinggi pada modalitas USG dibandingkan dengan Rontgen dada.
A kritikus információs infrastruktúra védelme és a közigazgatás
Authors: Sik Zoltán Nándor
Published: March 2021

A kritikus infrastruktúra védelme (KIV) a mai kor kihívása, amely a globális terrorizmus terjedésével került a figyelem fókuszába világszerte. A kritikusnak minősített infrastruktúrák azok, amelyeknek köszönhetően tud alapvetően működni egy társadalom, egy gazdaság. A védelem különösen fontos ma, az ún. negyedik generációs (4GW) vagy aszimmetrikus hadviselés korában, amikor információs hadviselési eszközökkel szinte bármely érdekcsoport tudja érdekeit érvényesíteni, nála jóval nagyobb ellenfelével – tipikusan nemzetállamokkal – szemben. Ezen támadások fő célpontjai a kritikus infrastruktúrák (KI), különösen a kritikus információs infrastruktúrák (KII). Kritikusinfrastruktúra-elemek segítségével tartja nyilván állampolgárai adatait az állam, ezek igénybevételével működik a közigazgatás (nem csak az e-közigazgatás), és ezek segítségével nyújt az állam (nem csak e-kormányzati) szolgáltatásokat. Ezek védelme tehát jórészt állami feladat, a védelem megszervezése pedig kifejezetten az. Állami feladat már csak azért is, mivel az állam maga is ezekre az infrastruktúrákra támaszkodik. Egy ilyen kritikusinfrastruktúra-elem bármilyen okból történő kiesése pedig gyakorlatilag káoszba, anarchiába tudja sodorni az adott nemzetállamot. Ezért a feladatok pontos végrehajtására, a védelem folyamatos fenntartására kell az államnak koncentrálnia.
Analytical Solutions of the Transmissibility of the SARS-CoV-2 in Three Interactive Populations
Authors: Isea Raúl
Published: March 2021

This paper resolves analytically a mathematical model that reproduces the transmission of Covid-19 in three interactive populations, i.e. from the initial source of contagion associated with the bat population, subsequently transmitted to unknown host (usually associate with pangolins). The host were sent and distributed to Seafood Market in Wuhan (defined reservoir), and finally infected to the human population. The model is based on a system of ten differential equations reproducing all the possible infection scenarios among all of them, that is: (1) there is no infection in any of the three populations, (2) only the population of bats is infected, (3) only the pangolins, (4) only the human people. Later, combinations between them, this is: (5) both the bat and pangolin populations, (6) bats and humans, (7) pangolins and humans, and finally, (8) all the previous populations. In each scenario, I deduced the critical points as well as the eigenvalues ​​that indicate the equilibrium conditions. Finally, it is demonstrated the validity of the model with the data corresponding to the second wave of infections in Australia.
NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR PREDICTING PASSENGER CONGESTION TO OPTIMIZE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT FOR URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Faridai S. , Juraeva R.S. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Darovskikh S.N. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Qodirov Sh.Sh. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The development of public transport in cities is an effective way to reduce “congestion” in the road network and, as a result, increase the speed of passenger transportation. Improving the qua¬lity of urban bus services helps attract more passengers. Bus intervals are calculated once for each route line individually, based on the average congestion of passengers at the stops. In turn, the sudden accumulation of a large number of passengers at bus stops causes that not all passengers can move in a timely manner, which causes concern for passengers. This is one of the factors that redu¬ces the quality of passenger transport services. The aim of the study is to develop a model for predicting the congestion of passengers at bus stops to optimize traffic management of urban public transport. Materials and methods. This article presents a neural network model for predicting passenger congestion at bus stops. It takes into account the spatio-temporal characteristics of bus traffic. Results. The developed model for predicting passenger congestion at bus stops was tested on real data from bus route 3 (Dushanbe, Tajikistan). The model made it possible to predict passenger traffic (the number of passengers at bus stops) with an accuracy of 72% to 74.5% of the actual number of passengers at bus stops. Conclusion. The proposed method, in contrast to other methods, allows you to automatically adapt the forecasting model to the changing conditions of the route line. This method is universal and can be used for other route lines (bus stops). It does not require much time to reconfigure.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE FLOTATION PROCESS OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Berezniki Branch, Berezniki, Russian Federation, Fel’ker M.N. , Bakhtereva K.D. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Berezniki Branch, Berezniki, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the creation of an algorithm and the synthesis of a two-loop automatic control system for level and density, instead of the current single-loop one. Aim. Density stabilization and stabilization of the flotation machine power supply by creating a two-circuit automatic level and density control system in order to improve the quality of the final product. Materials and methods. Since there is no net lag in the system, the controller is tuned using the parametric optimization method, namely: according to the criteria of modular (MO) or symmetric optimum (CO). The MO/CO criterion is also used to adjust the contour. All automatic control systems are obtained in the MATLAB Simulink software package. Control quality is measured by metrics such as transient time, overshoot, and system error. The first two indicators show the dynamics of the process, and the last indicator shows the accuracy of the system. Conclusion. The finished two-loop automatic control system, developed in the software package MATLAB Simulink, according to the analysis of the obtained process parameters, provides stabilization of the density and level in the agitation tank for flotation.
Transmission Coefficient Analysis of Notched Shape Floating Breakwater Using Volume of Fluid Method: A Numerical Study
Authors: Ridlwan Asfarur , Armono Haryo Dwito , Rahmawati Shade , Tuswan Tuswan
Published: March 2021

As one of the coastal structures, breakwaters are built to protect the coastal area against waves. The current application of breakwaters is usually conventional breakwaters, such as the rubble mound type. Climate change, which causes tidal variations, sea level height, and unsuitable soil conditions that cause large structural loads, can be solved more economically by employing floating breakwater. In this study, numerical simulations will be conducted by exploring the optimum floating breakwater notched shapes from the Christensen experiment. The comparison of three proposed floating breakwater models, such as square notch (SQ), circular notch (CN), and triangular notch (VN), is compared with standard pontoon (RG) to optimize the transmission coefficient value is analyzed. Numerical simulations are conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on the VOF method with Flow 3D Software. Compared to the experimental study, the RG model's validation shows a good result with an error rate of 8.5%. The comparative results of the floating breakwater models are found that the smaller the transmission coefficient value, the more optimal the model. The SQ structure has the smallest transmission coefficient of 0.6248. It can be summarized that the SQ model is the most optimal floating breakwater structure.
Comprendre les obstacles et les facteurs favorables au dépistage du VIH au Canada de 2009 à 2019 : examen systématique des études mixtes
Authors: Laprise Claudie , Bolster-Foucault Clara
Published: March 2021

Contexte : Le dépistage du VIH est un pilier central de l'approche du Canada en matière de prévention et de traitement des infections transmissibles sexuellement et par le sang (ITSS) et un processus essentiel pour atteindre la première des cibles 90-90-90 du Programme commun des Nations Unies sur le VIH/sida (ONUSIDA). Malgré les progrès réalisés vers l'atteinte de cet objectif, de nombreux Canadiens ne connaissent toujours pas leur état sérologique et les taux de dépistage varient d'une population et d'une province ou d'un territoire à l'autre. Il est essentiel de comprendre les facteurs menant au dépistage du VIH pour améliorer l'accès au dépistage du VIH et atteindre les personnes qui ne connaissent pas encore leur séropositivité. Objectif : Examiner les obstacles et les facteurs favorables au dépistage du VIH dans les populations clés et les provinces et territoires au Canada. Méthodes : Un examen systématique d'études mixtes publiées de 2009 à 2019 dans la littérature grise et dans la littérature révisée par les pairs a été réalisé, ce qui a permis d'identifier les études quantitatives et qualitatives sur les obstacles et les facteurs favorables au dépistage du VIH au Canada. Les études ont été sélectionnées aux fins de l'examen et les obstacles et facteurs favorables retrouvés ont été extraits. La qualité des études retenues a été évaluée et les résultats ont été résumés. Résultats : Nous avons recensé 43 études pertinentes. L'examen a fait ressortir des obstacles communs dans les populations clés et les provinces et territoires, notamment les difficultés d'accès aux services de dépistage, la peur et la stigmatisation entourant le VIH, la perception d'un faible risque, le manque de confidentialité pour les patients et le manque de ressources pour le dépistage. Des pratiques novatrices qui pourraient faciliter le dépistage du VIH ont été identifiées, comme de nouveaux lieux de dépistage (soins dentaires, pharmacies, unités mobiles, services d'urgence), de nouvelles modalités (dépistage buccal, counseling par les pairs) et des interventions et approches personnalisées en fonction du sexe, du genre et de l'âge. Les populations clés sont également confrontées à des obstacles socioculturels, structurels et législatifs particuliers qui défavorisent le dépistage du VIH. De nombreuses études ont fait ressortir la nécessité d'offrir une vaste gamme d'options de dépistage et d'intégrer les tests dans les pratiques de soins de santé de routine. Conclusion : Les efforts visant à améliorer l'accès au dépistage du VIH devraient tenir compte des obstacles et des facteurs favorables au dépistage au niveau de l'individu, des fournisseurs de soins de santé et des politiques. Ils devraient également mettre l'accent sur l'accessibilité, l'inclusivité, la commodité et la confidentialité des services de dépistage. Par ailleurs, les services de dépistage doivent être adaptés aux besoins et contextes particuliers des populations clés.
Old Believers through the Eyes of Representatives of Other Christian Denominations in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Jesuit Jan Aloysius Kulesha
Authors: Morozova Nadezhda
Published: March 2021

The initial history of the formation of the main Old Believer centers on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as a whole) has been fairly well discovered. However, the relationship of representatives of other Christian denominations of the Polish-Lithuanian state with the Old Believers is still described very fragmentarily. Usually in the scientific literature the royal secretary Piotr Michał Polttiew and a certain “bishop Antsuta” who had visited the Old Believers in the Vetka region are mentioned. At the same time, it has not yet been taken into account that representatives of the Catholic and Greek Catholic churches of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth visited the Vetka’s Old Believers for missionary purposes. One of these “guests” was the Jesuit Jan Aloisy Kulesha, who tried to preach Uniate religion among the Old Believers of the Rechitsa district and described one of his visits in the treatise Wiara Prawosławna (Vilno, 1704). The purpose of this work is to introduce into scientific circulation previously unknown materials about the interest of the Jesuits of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the person of Jan Aloysius Kulesha to the Old Believers who settled in the Rechitsa district of the Minsk Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and also to compare the information of Kulesha with the data of other “inspectors”.
On the Concepts of Imported Language and Newspeakerism in the Sociolinguistic Context of Lithuania
Authors: Likhachiova Alla
Published: March 2021

This article outlines the advantages of introducing some new terms to describe the current sociolinguistic situation in Lithuania. Its essential components are the heterogeneity of the country’s ethno-linguistic landscape, intensive internal and external migration and the different types of language practices within the country, which are the result of the first two factors. The term “imported language” proposed by the author of the article and the term “newspeakerism”, which has recently become established in European sociolinguistics, have not yet been used in the works of Lithuanian sociolinguists. However, these terms can be important for describing the linguistic specifics of some regions of Lithuania. The first term seems appropriate to denote the language of immigrants, which is used relatively widely in the host country, not only in family, but also in the everyday and official communication, and the second – for the sociolinguistic categorization of such immigrants. Most immigrants are residents of post-Soviet countries with native or well-mastered Russian language, therefore, in the article, it is Russian that is defined as an imported language.

The paper examines the theoretical prerequisites for the introduction of new terms for a more accurate description of the current linguistic situation in Lithuania and the designation of its participants. Statistical data on migration processes in Lithuania and fragments of interviews with immigrants of chronologically different arrival streams are used.
On interpolational spreads of some subspaces of Hermitian splines
Authors: Bovdui Ye.Yu. , Velikіn V.L.
Published: March 2021

We obtain two-sided bounds, and, in some cases, exact values as well, for interpolational spreads of subspaces of Hermitian splines in the space of continuous functions with uniform metric.
On boundedness of operators of weak type $(\varphi_0, \psi_0, \varphi_1, \psi_1)$ in Lorentz spaces in limit cases
Authors: Peleshenko B.I.
Published: March 2021

We prove theorems on boundedness of operators of weak type $(\varphi_0, \psi_0, \varphi_1, \psi_1)$ from Lorentz space $\Lambda_{\varphi,a}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ to $\Lambda_{\varphi,b}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ in “limit” cases, when one of functions $\varphi(t) / \varphi_0(t)$, $\varphi(t) / \varphi_1(t)$ slowly changes at zero and at infinity.
Absolute summation of Fourier integrals with multiplier by G.F. Voronoi method
Authors: Bojtsun L.G. , Kocherga S.V.
Published: March 2021

We provide the theorem that is connected with functional method of G.F. Voronoi. We establish sufficient conditions for a function that generates the summation method of G.F. Voronoi, on function-multiplier, and on function $f(t)$, under which the Fourier integral of this function with multiplier is absolutely summable by the functional method of G.F. Voronoi.
Methods of classification and algorithms of graph coloring
Authors: Perepelitsa V.A. , Kozin I.V. , Kurapov S.V.
Published: March 2021

We study the connection between classifications on finite set and the problem of graph coloring. We consider the optimality criterion for classification of special type: h-classifications, which are built on the base of proximity measure. It is shown that the problem of finding the optimal h-classification can be reduced to the problem of coloring of non-adjacency graph vertices by the smallest possible number of colors. We consider algorithms of proper coloring of graph vertices.
Moments method in problems of optimal control of nonlinear models of logistic type
Authors: Chernyshenko S.V.
Published: March 2021

We investigate the problem of optimal control of two nonlinear models of mathematical ecology: logistic model and model of development in adversary environment. We consider four statements of optimal control problem, two criteria of quality (quadratic and linear ones). The solution is obtained either analytically, or numerically, by iterative approximations method.
Inequality of Taikov type for powers of normal operators in Hilbert space
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Bilichenko R.O.
Published: March 2021

The Taikov inequality, which estimates $L_{\infty}$-norm of intermediate derivative by $L_2$-norms of a function and its higher derivative, is extended on arbitrary powers of normal operator acting in Hilbert space.
On some numerical characteristics of permutability of subgroups of finite groups
Authors: Chupordia V.A.
Published: March 2021

Subgroups $H$ and $K$ permute in $G$ if $HK = KH$. Subgroup $H$ of $G$ is permutable if it permutes with every subgroup of $G$. We obtain some inequalities for the probability that any subgroup of $G$ is permutable.
Saints’ Day Celebrations (Ruga) in Banat – Community Participation, Dance, Music, and Good Times
Authors: Mellish Liz , Green Nick
Published: March 2021

The celebration of the day of patron saint of the local church is a custom that is widespread among Christians in various parts of the world. In the plain and mountain areas of the Romanian Banat region, this day is referred to as ruga (pl. ruge), which literally means “pray.” These customary events are local community participatory festivals in the sense that they include both active and passive participants, the former joining in the dancing, the latter sitting and watching whilst socialising with relatives and friends. Although these events are primarily held on fixed calendrical days according to the patron saint of a specific church, they are in most cases attended by representatives of the many ethnicities and religious confessions that live together in the Banat region.

This paper examines saint’s day celebrations in Banat as one of the prime community events where music and dancing take place. It draws on the authors’ fieldwork undertaken at saint’s day celebrations in the Romanian Banat where they observed the similarities and differences in these events. Their research is supplemented by drawing on reports from local media on ruge, historical accounts, and conversations with locals. Their conclusion is that over time the concept of the celebration of ruge has been maintained though the precise details of the events have changed over time as these celebrations have been adapted to meet the needs of present- day communities while retaining their function as participatory community celebrations.
Morphological Investigations on Epistropheus in Ox and the Comparison of it with Resembling Bone in Horse, Dog, Sheep and Goat
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science Navania, Udaipur-313601, Rajasthan, India., Rai Kajal , Soan Rachna ,   Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science Navania, Udaipur-313601, Rajasthan, India., Meshram Balwant ,   Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science Navania, Udaipur-313601, Rajasthan, India., Singh Gajendra ,   Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science Navania, Udaipur-313601, Rajasthan, India., Parmar Nishant ,   Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science Navania, Udaipur-313601, Rajasthan, India.
Published: March 2021

Background: The documentation of anatomical features of epistropheus, which is also called as axis (C2) in different animals is not abundantly available on record. The observance of this C2 bone in ox made and compared it with the similar bone in different species of animals as to Horse, Dog, Sheep and Goat. The axis of ox was positioning cranially with spout like odontoid process which called as the dens. It was projected from the body. Due to its tooth like process, it was also known as vertebra dentata. The blade like supraspinous cranial process had increasing height and thickness towards its caudal progression, however, its infraspinous process was observed as the median ridge. While knowing such differential anatomical characters of axis (C2) in different species of animals as to Horse, Dog, Sheep and Goat this study is undertaken for comparison with the axis of Ox. Aims: Present endeavour aiming to have the comparative anatomical studies of the epistropheus i.e. axis (C2) bone of Ox and its comparison with the similar bone of Horse, Dog, Sheep and Goat. Materials and Methods: Six dried samples of second cervical of Ox (Bos indicus) were collected and explored its anatomical features. The comparative anatomical studies of the similar bone were performed in different species including horse (Equus ferus), dog (Canidae canis), sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus). Results: In horses, epistropheus i.e. axis the axis had longer body than the ox. The dens was conical and narrow. The axis of dog had cylindrical longer dens. Large and heightened spine as the pendant was observed, which was terminating caudally by the tuberosity of two crests. The axis of sheep had small, blunt and convex dorsal spinous process without remarkable ventral spine. The axis of goat had thin and heighted dorsal spinous process that overlaps the adjacent cranial and caudal cervical vertebrae. Conclusion: The findings of present studies are not only bringing the expositions of axis, the important bone of cervical region in different animals but also this is sufficiently bringing the fullest use for radiographic anatomy. KEY WORDS: Anatomy, Axis, Epistropheus, Ox, Horse, Dog, Sheep, Goat.
Socio-Economic Development of Russia and the Concept of «Cultural Capitalism» in the Siberian Works of N. A. Rozhkov (1910–1917)
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Management and Economics Technologies (UMTE), Borisova Tatiana
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the concept of «cultural capitalism» of the historian and socio-political figure N.A. Rozhkov, submitted by him on the pages of the Siberian press in 1910–1917. The stages of development of the concept are highlighted, its general description is given and a model of socio-economic development of Russia in the 1910s, proposed in the interpretation of N.A. Rozhkov, is presented.
Irkutsk Universities During the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Zulyar Yuri
Published: March 2021

The events and processes that took place in the higher education system of Irkutsk are considered. The city, remote from the world war fronts, became a significant center of the active army’s logistics system. The article analyzes one fragment of this status — the participation of the city’s universities in solving tasks that are important for the country and difficult to perform. Irkutsk turned into a University center, where already existing universities increased the output of highly qualified specialists and hosted a number of evacuated universities, providing them with premises, equipment, places to live for teachers and students, and the necessary resources for work and life. At the same time, a small number of University premises were also transferred to hospitals and defense enterprises, and students and teachers took on a significant part of the work on the treatment and maintenance of wounded soldiers.