bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of ion beam analysis for the characterization of SiC- and DLC-thin films
Authors: Noli F. , Misaelides P. , Kokkoris M. , Riviere J. P.
Published: February 2020

Three series of protective coatings (thickness ca. 200-300 nm) were prepared on the surface of Ti-Al-V alloy (TA6V): silicon carbide (SiC) films produced by ion sputtering (I), silicon carbide films and subjected to Dynamic Ion Mixing (DIM) during the deposition procedure (II) and Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) films produced by ion beam deposition (III). The chemical composition (Si, C and O) of the films was determined using ion beam analysis techniques. The silicon, carbon and oxygen depth distribution was determined by proton Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (p-RBS) and using the resonances at 4.265 and 3.035 MeV of the 12C(α,α)12C and 16O(α,α)16O interactions respectively. The ratio of Si:C was found to be close to the stoichiometric one. The corrosion resistance of the coated samples was tested under strong aggressive conditions (5M HCl at 50 oC). The investigation following the corrosion attack showed that the thickness of the films remained practically unchanged. Only slight diffusion and dissolution effects were observed indicating the good quality of the produced thin films.
The quark-meson model and the phase diagram of QCD
Authors: Tetradis N.
Published: February 2020

I discuss the QCD phase diagram in the context of the linear quark-meson model with two flavours, using the exact renormalization group. I first give a pedagogical derivation of the qualitative features of the phase diagram based on mean field theory. Then I summarize how the the universality classes of the second-order phase transitions can be determined through the exact renormalization group. For non-zero quark masses I explain how the universal equation of state of the Ising universality class can be used in order to describe the physical behaviour near the critical point. The effective exponents that parametrize the growth of physical quantities, such as the correlation length, are given by combinations of the critical exponents of the Ising class that depend on the path along which the critical point is approached. In general the critical region, in which such quantities become large, is smaller than naively expected.
Measurements of the quadrupole strengths in the N → Δ transition at Mainz and Bates
Authors: Sparveris N. F.
Published: February 2020

The issue of hadron deformation has been a subject of intense scientific interest during the last two decades. The detailed study of the N → Δ transition is the best method of experimental investigation of this issue. The most recent results from the Bates and Mainz N → Δ programs will be presented which focus at the low Q2 region. The experimental data yield precise non zero quadrupole to dipole amplitude EMR and CMR ratios, giving credence to the conjecture of deformation in hadrons favoring the attribution of the origin of deformation at the low Q2 region to the dominance of mesonic effects.
Nuclear response using correlated realistic interactions: first-order random phase approximation and beyond
Authors: Papakonstantinou P. , Roth R. , Paar N.
Published: February 2020

A correlated realistic interaction derived within the Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM) based on the Argonne V18 nucleon-nucleon potential is used in calculations of nuclear response for closed-shell nuclei. Giant resonances are examined in the framework of the random-phase approximation (RPA). The effects of explicit ground-state correla- tions and of higher than first-order configurations are discussed.
Decay widths of Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonances: regular and chaotic dynamics
Authors: Papachristou P. K. , Mavrommatis E. , Constantoudis V. , Diakonos F. K. , Wambach J.
Published: February 2020

The decay of the Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonances (IGMR) in the nuclei 208Pb, 144Sm, 116Sn and 90Zr is studied by means of a classical model consisting of several noninteracting nucleons moving in a potential well with an oscillating wall (nuclear surface). The motion of the nuclear surface is described by means of a collective variable which appears explicitly in the Hamiltonian as an additional degree of freedom. The total energy of the system is therefore conserved. Although the particles do not directly interact with each other, their motions are indirectly coupled by means of their interaction with the moving nuclear surface. Despite its simplicity and its purely classical nature, the model reproduces the trend of the experimental data which show that with increasing mass number the decay width decreases. Moreover, with the proper choice of the free parameters, the calculated decay widths are in good agreement with the experimental results. It seems that this agreement is dictated by the corresponding behaviour of the maximum Lyapunov exponent as a function of the system size.
X(3): an exactly separable γ-rigid version of the X(5) critical point symmetry
Authors: Bonatsos D. , Lenis D. , Petrellis D. , Terziev P. A. , Yiyitoglou I.
Published: February 2020

A γ-rigid version (with γ = 0) of the X(5) critical point symmetry is constructed. The model, to be called X(3) since it is proved to contain three degrees of freedom, utilizes an infinite well potential, is based on exact separation of variables, and leads to parameter free (up to overall scale factors) predictions for spectra and B(E2) transition rates, which are in good agreement with existing experimental data for 172Os and 186Pt. An unexpected similarity of the β1-bands of the X(5) nuclei 150Nd, 152Sm, 154Gd, and 156Dy to the X(3) predictions is observed.
The expansion of TRIAC to TRIACII code for track measurements from SSNT detectors
Authors: Patiris D. L. , Blekas K. , Ioannides K. G.
Published: February 2020

The expansion of TRIAC to TRIACII code will be described. Both codes have been developed for recognition and parameters measurements of particles’ tracks from images of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors. While the first program considers the tracks as circles, TRIACII code, using image analysis tools, counts the number of tracks and depending on the current working mode classifies them according to their radii (Mode I- circular tracks) or their axis (Mode II- elliptical tracks), their mean intensity value (brightness) and their orientation. Hough transform techniques are used for the estimation of tracks’ number and their parameters which are able to give results even for overlapping tracks. The new program has been used for radon’s progeny behavior and alpha particles’ energy discrimination.
Multipass cells: 1D numerical model and investigation of spatio-spectral couplings at high nonlinearity
Authors: Daher Nour , Guichard Florent , Jolly Spencer W. , Délen Xavier , Quéré Fabien , Hanna Marc , Georges Patrick
Published: February 2020

Multipass cells (MPCs) are used nowadays as nonlinear tools to perform spectral broadening and temporal manipulation of laser pulses while maintaining a good spatial quality and spatio-spectral homogeneity. However, intensive 3D nonlinear spatio-temporal simulations are required to fully capture the physics associated with pulse propagation inside these systems. In addition, the limitations of such a scheme are still under investigation. In this study, we first establish a 1D model as a useful design tool to predict the temporal and spectral properties of the output pulse for nearly Gaussian beams, in a wide range of cavity configurations and nonlinearity levels. This model allows us to drastically reduce the computation time associated with MPC design. The validity of the 1D model is first checked by comparing it to 3D simulations. The results of the 1D model are then compared with experimental data collected from a near-concentric gas-filled multipass cell presenting a high level of nonlinearity, enabling the observation of wave breaking. In a second part, we experimentally characterize the spatio-spectral profile at the output of this experimental setup, both with an imaging spectrometer and with a complete 3D characterization method known as INSIGHT. The results show that gas-filled multipass cells can be used at peak power levels close to the critical power without inducing significant spatio-spectral couplings in intensity or phase.
Proximity to charred logs in burned forests likely affects decomposition processes in the soil
Authors: Cugunovs Mihails , Tuittila Eeva-Stiina , Kouki Jari
Published: February 2020

We studied the spatial decomposition rates of standardised organic substrates in soils (burned boreal pine-dominated sub-xeric forests in eastern Finland), with respect to charred and non-charred coarse woody debris (CWD). Decomposition rates of rooibos plant litter inside teabags (C:Nâ=â42.870âÂ±â1.841) and pressed-sheet Nordic hardwood pulp (consisting of mainly alpha-cellulose) were measured at 0.2 m distance from 20 charred (LC0.2) and 40 non-charred logs (LNC0.2). We also measured decomposition at 60 plots located 3â10 m away from downed logs (L3,10). The rooibos decomposition rate constant âkâ was 8.4% greater at the LNC0.2 logs than at the L3,10 or LC0.2 logs. Cellulose decomposed more completely in 1 micron mesh bags at LNC0.2 (44% of buried bags had leftover material) than at LC0.2 (76%) or L3,10 (70%). Decomposition of cellulose material was rapid but varied greatly between sampling plots. Our results indicate that decomposition of the standardised organic matter was more rapid close to CWD pieces than further away. However, only the plots located near non-charred logs (LNC0.2) exhibited high decomposition rates, with no corresponding increase observed at the charred logs (LC0.2). This suggests a possible noteworthy indirect effect of forest burning on soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition rates close to charred CWD after forest fires. We urge for more studies on this tentative observation as it may affect the estimates on how fires affect carbon cycling in forests.
O espanhol como língua estrangeira segundo aprendizes do ensino médio
Authors: Lopes Priscila Almeida
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo são tratadas questões relacionadas à visão do espanhol segundo seus aprendizes, com o propósito de compreender quais influências podem ser percebidas nesse processo, partindo do conceito de língua, (MASTRELLA-DE-ANDRADE, 2011) e questões relativas ao contexto macro, tais como globalização (BAUMAN, 1999), hipermodernidade (LIPOVETSKY, 2004) e letramento crítico (MENEZES DE SOUZA, 2011). A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na modalidade relato de experiências, a partir da realização de uma atividade, desenvolvida com seis aprendizes do IFTM, sobre o espanhol. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e também por meio de um questionário semiaberto. Os resultados mostraram que os aprendizes percebem o espanhol como língua estrangeira “útil” e se relacionam de diferentes formas, sendo que boa parte a vê como capital econômico e cultural e a outra como capital simbólico (BOURDIEU, 2003), além disso, os resultados apontaram que as maiores influências no processo de construção de identidade do espanhol ocorrem respectivamente por meio da música, de novelas, de filmes, de mídias sociais, do ensino formal e de contato com nativos; trazendo à luz do letramento crítico, a oportunidade de o professor trabalhar outros canais como cultura e contatos transnacionais, com base no processo de ressignificação de sentidos.
Discurso Político em Site de Rede Social: O Caso da Fanpage do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral
Authors: Correia Karen dos Santos , Corradi Analaura , Assumpção Douglas Junio Fernandes
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo objetiva analisar o conteúdo informativo de uma postagem publicada na fanpage do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE). A publicação analisada aborda sobre a divulgação de fake news nas redes sociais e o papel do TSE diante das ocorrências de notícias falsas no processo eleitoral de 2018. Diante disso, para refletir sobre essas questões, tem-se a seguinte problemática: “Como o conteúdo informativo na fanpage do TSE contribuiu para reforçar os discursos políticos que permearam as eleições de 2018 no Brasil?”. A abordagem metodológica utilizada é a Análise de Discurso Mediado pelo Computador (ADMC), proposta por Susan Herring (2004) e Raquel Recuero (2013), para obter dados que comprovam a materialização e o reforço dos discursos políticos defendidos pelos eleitores brasileiros que interagem com a fanpage do TSE.
RELEVANSI AJARAN ETIKA SUNDA WIWITAN DI ERA MODERNITAS: STUDI ATAS NASKAH SANGYANG SIKSAKANDANG KARESIAN
Authors: Azizah Novi Nur
Published: February 2020

Etika Sunda Wiwitan merupakan sebuah nilai lokal yang mengajarkan tentang kehidupan kepada masyarakat Sunda. Dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian diajarkan tentang hubungan manusia dengan manusia, manusia sebagai pribadi, dan manusia dengan masyarakatnya. Peneliti berasumsi bahwa ajaran nilai tersebut masih relevan untuk diaktualisasikan di era modern saat ini. Mengingat bahwa di era modern orang bisa menemukan jati dirinya; bisa mencari guru yang sesuai dengan keinginannya. Namun yang terjadi justru membentuk perilaku menyimpang dari ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian, misalnya perilaku egois, menyendiri, tidak suka bergaul, dan semacamnya. Penelitian ini mencoba mencari keterkaitan nilai ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian dengan budaya modern. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai ajaran dalam naskah Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian memiliki nilai universal yang bisa diterapkan dalam budaya modern, seperti nilai untuk mencari guru yang baik dalam beretika dan berilmu tinggi, bersikap saling menghormati antar manusia, dan selalu menjaga dari sikap buruk.AbstractSundanese Ethics Wiwitan is a local value that teaches Sundanese people about life. In the text Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian is taught about human relations with humans, humans as individuals, and humans with their communities. Researchers assume that the teachings of these values are still relevant to be actualized in the current modern era. Given that in the modern era one can find one's true self; can find a teacher in accordance with his wishes. But what happens is that it forms deviant behavior from the teachings in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript, for example selfish behavior, being alone, not sociable, and the like. This research tries to find the correlation between teaching values in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript with modern culture. The results of this study indicate that the teaching values in the Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian manuscript have universal values that can be applied in modern culture, such as the value of looking for good teachers in ethics and high knowledge, being respectful between people, and always guarding from bad attitudes.Keyword: Sunda Wiwitan, Sangyang Siksakandang Karesian, modernitas.
Corporate Governance Issues in the Public Sector: Board Perspective and Peculiarities
Authors: Lartey Peter Yao , Kong Yusheng , Afriyie Stephen , Santosh Rupa Jaladi , Bah Fatoumata Binta Maci
Published: February 2020

Goal: the objective of the paper is to extend the discussions on corporate governance to the public sector and examine good governance from a Ghanaian institutional context.

Design / Methodology / Approach: literature is based on relevant theoretical concepts and seven explanatory variables of corporate governance. Primary data was abstained through structured questionnaires administered to public servants from the Ministries, Departments and Agencies– MDA’s in Accra. Ordinary Least Square multiple regression was employed to analyze a total valid sample of 568.  The findings represent the opinions of board of directors, internal auditors, senior management and employees.

Results: the empirical result shows that audit committees, leadership, board effectiveness, accountability and directors’ qualification are strong determinants of good governance in public organizations. However, board size has no impact on good governance when board independence is negative. There is evidence that international corporate governance principles are reasonably visible without any significant deviations.

Limitations of the investigation: The study is empirically limited with the absence of key variables such as corruption, ethnicity and tribal politics in public organizations in Ghana. These are major factors associated with institutional governance in developing countries.

Practical Implications: the study observed a negative relationship between board independence and good governance attributed to lack of board diversity. The study implies that gender balanced boards composed of higher ratio of female directors could enhance decision-making and guarantee board effectiveness.

Originality / Value: the study emphasizes that public and private organizations share almost similar governance indicators, considering the model estimation. There is evidence that corporate governance is gaining popularity in the public sector, a discussion that is often limited to the private sector. The study contributes to the limited existing findings on the subject from a Ghanaian institutional context. Finally, the results validate many empirical opinions about the negative relationship between good governance and board size from different institutional environments.
The ε - εβProperty in the Isoperimetric Problem with Double Density, and the Regularity of Isoperimetric Sets
Authors: Pratelli Aldo , Saracco Giorgio
Published: February 2020

We prove the validity of theε-εβ{\varepsilon-\varepsilon^{\beta}}property in the isoperimetric problem with double density, generalising the known properties for the case of single density. As a consequence, we derive regularity for isoperimetric sets.
Strong uncountable cofinality for unitary groups of von Neumann algebras
Authors: Dowerk Philip A.
Published: February 2020

We show that unitary groups of

II
1

{\mathrm{II}_{1}}

factors and of properly infinite von Neumann algebras have uncountable cofinality and the Bergman property. In particular, we obtain a short alternative proof for the strong uncountable cofinality of

U
⁢

(

ℓ
2

⁢

(
ℕ
)

)

{\mathrm{U}(\ell^{2}(\mathbb{N}))}

, which was first proven by Ricard and Rosendal.
Mixed- and crack-type dynamical problems of electro-magneto-elasticity theory
Authors: Buchukuri Tengiz , Chkadua Otar , Natroshvili David
Published: February 2020

We investigate the solvability of three-dimensional dynamical mixed boundary value problems of electro-magneto-elasticity theory for homogeneous anisotropic bodies with interior cracks.
Using the Laplace transform technique, the potential method, and the theory of pseudodifferential equations, we prove the existence and uniqueness theorems and analyze asymptotic properties of solutions
near the crack edges and near the lines where the different boundary conditions collide.
Micromechanical properties of beech cell wall measured by micropillar compression test and nanoindentation mapping
Authors: Klímek Petr , Sebera Václav , Tytko Darius , Brabec Martin , Lukeš Jaroslav
Published: February 2020

Wood exhibits very different behavior and properties at different scales. One important scale is the cell wall (CW) that is commonly tested by nanoindentation. Common nanoindentation provides important insight into the material but has limitations because it does not apply uniaxial stress and provides data from single spots. Therefore, the aim was to examine beech CW using two state-of-the-art techniques: micropillar compression (MCo) and nanoindentation mapping (NIP). The mean strength of the beech CW was found to be about 276 MPa and the mean yield stress was 183 MPa. These values were higher than those in most cited literature, which was attributed to the fact that libriform fibers from beech late wood were measured. Mean E obtained from MCo was about 7.95 GPa, which was lower than the values obtained on a macrolevel and about 61% of the value obtained from NIP. NIP also showed that E of the CW around the middle lamella (ML) was about 64% of the value at the location attributed to the S2 layer. Lower E from MCo may be caused by sinking of the micropillar into the wood structure under the load. Failure of the micropillars showed gradual collapse into themselves, with debonding at the S3 layer or the MLs.
From FAIR research data toward FAIR and open research software
Authors: Hasselbring Wilhelm , Carr Leslie , Hettrick Simon , Packer Heather , Tiropanis Thanassis
Published: February 2020

The Open Science agenda holds that science advances faster when we can build on existing results. Therefore, research data must be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) in order to advance the findability, reproducibility and reuse of research results. Besides the research data, all the processing steps on these data – as basis of scientific publications – have to be available, too.

For good scientific practice, the resulting research software should be both open and adhere to the FAIR principles to allow full repeatability, reproducibility, and reuse. As compared to research data, research software should be both archived for reproducibility and actively maintained for reusability.

The FAIR data principles do not require openness, but research software should be open source software. Established open source software licenses provide sufficient licensing options, such that it should be the rare exception to keep research software closed.

We review and analyze the current state in this area in order to give recommendations for making research software FAIR and open.
A study of frozen iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton algorithm for nonlinear ill-posed problems under generalized normal solvability condition
Authors: Bakushinsky Anatoly , Smirnova Alexandra
Published: February 2020

A parameter identification inverse problem in the form of nonlinear least squares is considered.
In the lack of stability, the frozen iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton (FIRGN) algorithm is proposed and its convergence is justified under what we call a generalized normal solvability condition.
The penalty term is constructed based on a semi-norm generated by a linear operator yielding a greater flexibility in the use of qualitative and quantitative a priori information available for each particular model.
Unlike previously known theoretical results on the FIRGN method, our convergence analysis does not rely on any nonlinearity conditions and it is applicable to a large class of nonlinear operators.
In our study, we leverage the nature of ill-posedness in order to establish convergence in the noise-free case.
For noise contaminated data, we show that, at least theoretically, the process does not require a stopping rule and is no longer semi-convergent.
Numerical simulations for a parameter estimation problem in epidemiology illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Performances Analysis of Novel Proposed Code for SAC-OCDMA System
Authors: Sahraoui Walid , Aoudia Hakim , Berrah Smail , Amphawan Angela , Naoum Rafah
Published: February 2020

The development of SAC-OCDMA system is based on the creation of new code structure. A novel proposed code structure is called ZFD that is based on the combination of various matrix creation methods and especially on the factorial function. This approach has not been exploited before in the OCDMA system. This novel code has its own advantage that represented in its possibility to generate code-words in flexible way by setting variable basic codes at fixed code weight. The performance of this proposed code is demonstrated via mathematical methods. It is represented by its optimal cross-correlation to avoid the multiple access interference (MAI). Consequently, the effects of the contributed noises using direct detection method have been considered. These noises are represented by shot noise and thermal noise. In addition, a system of three users was simulated with ZFD code under the C band (1530–1565 nm) for the upstream signal with different channel spacing (0.8, 1 and 1.2 nm). In this paper, several parameter effects such as fiber length, effective source power and data rate have been studied and compared to prove the effectiveness of this code. Also, ZFD code has been compared to some other codes such as RD, EDW and MDW according to the previous parameters. The suggested code has reached good results in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and the eye diagram.
Approximation of Euler–Maruyama for one-dimensional stochastic differential equations involving the maximum process
Authors: Hiderah Kamal
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to show the approximation of Euler–Maruyama

X
t
n

{X_{t}^{n}}

for one-dimensional stochastic differential
equations involving the maximum process.
In addition to that it proves the strong convergence of the Euler–Maruyama whose both drift and diffusion coefficients are Lipschitz. After that, it generalizes to the non-Lipschitz case.
Two Sides of the Same Coin? Neutral Monism as an Attempt to Reconcile Subjectivity and Objectivity in Personal Identity
Authors: Wagner Nils-Frederic , Apostolova Iva
Published: February 2020

Standard views of personal identity over time often hover uneasily between the subjective, first-person dimension (e. g. psychological continuity), and the objective, third-person dimension (e. g. biological continuity) of a person’s life. Since both dimensions capture something integral to personal identity, we show that neither can successfully be discarded in favor of the other. The apparent need to reconcile subjectivity and objectivity, however, presents standard views with problems both in seeking an ontological footing of, as well as epistemic evidence for, personal identity. We contend that a fresh look at neutral monism offers a novel way to tackle these problems; counting on the most fundamental building blocks of reality to be ontologically neutral with regards to subjectivity and objectivity of personal identity. If the basic units of reality are, in fact, ontologically neutral – but can give rise to mental as well as physical events – these basic units of reality might account for both subjectivity and objectivity in personal identity. If this were true, it would turn out that subjectivity and objectivity are not conflictive dimensions of personal identity but rather two sides of the same coin.
The Burden of Knowledge in Mathematics
Authors: Brendel Jan , Schweitzer Sascha
Published: February 2020

We investigate how the potential burden of processing ever more knowledge has affected the careers and research output of researchers in mathematics over the past 64 years. We construct a panel dataset of 48.851 researchers who published in ten top-ranking journals in mathematics. For this population of researchers, we supplement the dataset with years of birth from public sources. Our results show a significant increase of the average age of researchers at their first publication in one of our top-ranking journals, of the number of references of single-author articles, and of the number of coauthors that contribute to an article. Our findings extend earlier empirical findings on patents, as well as on researchers in economics, and hint at a burden of knowledge pervading different areas of human development. Moreover, our results indicate that researchers develop strategies like the division of labor to deal with this burden.
Topicalization in Japanese Cooking Discourse
Authors: Shimojo Mitsuaki
Published: February 2020

A topic-wa-phrase is analyzed here in written recipes and the corresponding spoken instructional cooking discourse. Despite the possible assumption that the topic phrase is not used in recipes, the analysis shows that ingredients of a recipe are selectively topicalized. Those topicalized are the primary ingredients which are given with substantial procedural descriptions, when these procedures represent a parallel relationship to each other. The topicalization connects the parallel segments so that they constitute coherent discourse and properly represent the intended structure of the recipe. Also, in the spoken discourse, a topic-wa-phrase is used in a side-sequence (a digression) to connect with the main segment. These functions of representing important information and connecting parallel elements are consistent with observations in other genres of discourse. On the other hand, the analysis also suggests discourse type-based variations. In the instructional discourse, the “digressions” are connected as part of the coherent discourse. This contrasts with (non-instructional) casual spoken discourse, in which digressions are not topicalized and are detached from the main segment. These variations imply speakers’ different pragmatic intentions based on different types of discourse, which are reflected on their choice of referential forms.
Transitivity prominence within and across modalities
Authors: Börstell Carl , Jantunen Tommi , Kimmelman Vadim , de Lint Vanja , Mesch Johanna , Oomen Marloes
Published: February 2020

We investigate transitivity prominence of verbs across signed and spoken languages, based on data from both valency dictionaries and corpora. Our methodology relies on the assumption that dictionary data and corpus-based measures of transitivity are comparable, and we find evidence in support of this through the direct comparison of these two types of data across several spoken languages. For the signed modality, we measure the transitivity prominence of verbs in five sign languages based on corpus data and compare the results to the transitivity prominence hierarchy for spoken languages reported in Haspelmath (2015). For each sign language, we create a hierarchy for 12 verb meanings based on the proportion of overt direct objects per verb meaning. We use these hierarchies to calculate correlations between languages – both signed and spoken – and find positive correlations between transitivity hierarchies. Additional findings of this study include the observation that locative arguments seem to behave differently than direct objects judging by our measures of transitivity, and that relatedness among sign languages does not straightforwardly imply similarity in transitivity hierarchies. We conclude that our findings provide support for a modality-independent, semantic basis of transitivity.
Cree-English intrasentential code-switching: Testing the morphosyntactic constraints of the Matrix Language Frame model
Authors: Al-Bataineh Hussein , Abdelhady Saleem
Published: February 2020

This study examines the morphosyntactic constraints on Cree-English intrasentential codeswitching involving mixed nominal expressions to test the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) model. The MLF model is one of the most influential frameworks in the field of contact linguistics used in the study of grammatical aspects of codeswitching and other contact-induced phenomena. The three principles associated with MLF, viz., the Matrix Language Principle, the Asymmetry Principle and the Uniform Structure Principle, were tested on data consisting of 10 video recordings (constituting of 323 tokens of English nouns in mixed utterances) collected from the speech of a Cree child, aged 04;06 - 06;00. The data is drawn from Pile’s (2018) thesis which is based on the data collected from the Chisasibi Child Language Acquisition Study (CCLAS). The results of the analyses suggest general support for the three principles since, in the entire data set, not a single counter example has been recorded. The Cree-English bilingual data appears asymmetrical in structure, where the Matrix Language, namely Cree, provides morpheme order and outsider late system morphemes, and consequently, is responsible for the well-formedness and morphosyntactic frame of bilingual clauses..
Formulation of ‘ready-to-use’ human clinical doses of 177Lu-labeled bisphosphonate amide of DOTA using moderate specific activity 177Lu and its preliminary evaluation in human patient
Authors: Chakraborty Sudipta , Shetty Priyalata , Chakravarty Rubel , Vimalnath K. V. , Kumar Chandan , Sarma H. D. , Vatsa Rakhee , Shukla Jaya , Mittal B. R. , Dash Ashutosh
Published: February 2020

Radiolabeled macrocyclic bisphosphonate ligands have recently been demonstrated to be highly efficacious in treatment of patients with painful bone metastases. Herein, we report a robust protocol for formulation of therapeutically relevant doses of 177Lu-labeled bisphosphonate amide of DOTA (BPAMD) using moderate specific activity 177Lu produced by direct (n,γ) route and its preliminary investigation in human patients. Doses (2.8 ± 0.2 GBq) were formulated with high radiochemical purity (98.3 ± 0.4 %) using a protocol optimized after extensive radiochemical studies. In vitro binding studies with mineralized osteosarcoma cells demonstrated specific binding of the radiotracer. Biodistribution studies in healthy Wistar rats demonstrated rapid skeletal accumulation with fast clearance from the non-target organs. In a patient administered with 555 MBq dose of 177Lu-BPAMD, intense radiotracer uptake was observed in the metastatic skeletal lesions with insignificant uptake in any other major non-targeted organs. Preliminary clinical investigations carried out after administration of 2.6 GBq of 177Lu-BPAMD revealed significant reduction in pain after 1 week without any adverse effects. The developed protocol for formulation of 177Lu-BPAMD doses using moderate specific activity carrier added 177Lu has been found to be effective and warrants wider investigations in patients with painful skeletal metastases.
Die „Störung“ der „Psyche“ Soziologische Zugänge zur Pathologie psychischer Systeme
Authors: Schneider Christoph
Published: February 2020

Psychopathologische Phänomene bewegen sich an der Schnittstelle zwischen Psychischem und Sozialem und sind daher sowohl als intrapsychische Störungen als auch als Interaktionsstörungen zu begreifen. Der vorliegende Text will aus systemtheoretischer Perspektive dieses wechselseitige Verhältnis näher bestimmen. Ausgehend vom klinischen Modell sogenannter Persönlichkeitsstörungen wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie Irritationsmuster dieser Art einerseits überhaupt erst in insbesondere sozialisatorischen Kommunikations- und Interaktionskontexten entstehen, um sich dann im weiteren biografischen Verlauf wiederum in neuen Kommunikationen zu manifestieren. In diesem Rahmen wird abschließend ein polykontexturales Modell der Psyche zur Diskussion gestellt, das es erlaubt, Grenzverletzungen des Psychischen der soziologischen Analyse zu erschließen.
Reproduced, reinterpreted, lost: Trajectories of scientific knowledge across contexts
Authors: Gimenez Julio , Baldwin Mark , Breen Paul , Green Julia , Gutierrez Ernesto Roque , Paterson Richard , Pearson Jayne , Percy Martin , Specht Doug , Waddell Guy
Published: February 2020

This article reports on a research project that uses two innovative heuristics to examine the changes that texts – produced to disseminate new scientific knowledge – undergo when they travel across space and time. A critical analysis of such transformations would enhance our understanding of the processes involved in knowledge dissemination and inform the practice of communicating scientific knowledge to a variety of audiences. Based on our study of 520 closely linked science and science-related sources collected over 12 months in 2016, we argue that when scientific knowledge is re-contextualized to be disseminated to different audiences, it is notsimplyrephrased or simplified to make it more accessible. Rather, it also undergoes transformational processes that involve issues of social power, authority and access that require new analytical tools to surface more clearly. We report on the methodology of the study with a particular focus on its heuristics, and the transformations that result from a critical analysis of the data collected. We finally discuss a number of theoretical and practical implications in relation to contemporary practices for re-entextualizing scientific knowledge.
‘You wanted to know about expat life’: Authenticating identity in blogs about transnational relocation
Authors: Walz Linda
Published: February 2020

Expatriate blogsare personal websites in which individuals share their experiences of relocation and life in a different country, not solely for the benefit of their readers but also for their own benefit. As such, they constitute sites of identity construction in phases of personal transition, afforded by the linear nature of blogging. This paper illustrates how expatriate bloggers discursively authenticate identity. Drawing on tactics of intersubjectivity, the analysis explores twelve personal blogs by Anglophone foreign nationals who have moved to England. Authentication is achieved, firstly, through displaying expertise pertaining to life abroad. This at the same time legitimizes expatriates’ sharing of the everyday experiences, and indeed they portray themselves as providing deep insights and unadorned accounts. Additionally, identity is authenticated through discourses of personal fulfillment. The authentication of expatriate identity is thus closely linked to bloggers’ legitimizing of their own contributions. These findings add to research on discursive identity construction in personal negotiations of relatively privileged migration. They further make a theoretical contribution to the tactics of intersubjectivity as well as more generally to explorations of identity and authentication in online environments.
Gegengründungen: Antidemokratische Staatsverweigerung
Authors: Fuchs Walter , Kretschmann Andrea
Published: February 2020

Der Beitrag erörtert Konstruktionen „eigenen“ Rechts und mithin „Gegengründungen“ am Beispiel antidemokratischer Staatsverweigerung. Die sozialen Phänomene „Reichsbürger“ und „Selbstverwalter“ in Deutschland und Österreich werden erstmals rechtssoziologisch analysiert und mittels explorativer empirischer Sondierungen vorläufig eingeordnet. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung steht die Frage nach dem Wie und Warum der Bezugnahme auf geltendes und der Verwendung imaginierten Rechts, so etwa durch das Ausrufen eigener „Gerichte“ oder das Verfassen umfangreicher Eingaben an Behörden, in denen diesen die Legitimität abgesprochen wird. Wir diskutieren die Frage, warum „Staatsverweigerer“ ausgerechnet im Modus rechtlicher Semantiken agieren. Dabei wird argumentiert, dass das Phänomen auf Begründungsprobleme, Paradoxien und entfremdende Effekte modernen positiven Rechts und seiner herrschaftsförmig-bürokratischen Durchsetzung verweist. Staatsverweigerer kopieren rechtliche Formen und Begründungen, um sich die dem geltenden Recht innewohnende Autorität und Legitimität anzueignen. Dabei nutzen sie, ob gewollt oder ungewollt, die Kontingenz eines verfahrensförmig legitimierten Rechts, das naturrechtliche Geltungsansprüche hinter sich gelassen hat.
Vergewaltigung: vom Gesetz zur Zivilgesellschaft und zurück
Authors: Pérona Océane
Published: February 2020

Wie wird Einwilligung, ein von feministischen Anti-Vergewaltigungsaktivistinnen politisiertes Konzept, von AkteurInnena priorifernab der Frauenbewegung verstanden und adaptiert? Ist es im Kampf gegen sexuelle Gewalt relevant, dem polizeilichen ein feministisches Verständnis entgegenzusetzen? Auf diese Fragen schlägt dieser Artikel eine Antwort vor, indem er die feministische Rechtstheorie, die Soziologie der sozialen Bewegungen und die Soziologie der Polizei zusammenliest. Er basiert auf einer zehnmonatigen empirischen Untersuchung in einer Polizeidienststelle in einem großen französischen Ballungsraum. Der erste Teil des Artikels befasst sich mit den feministischen Mobilisierungen gegen Vergewaltigungen seit den 1970er Jahren und mit deren partiellem Transfer in die Strafverfolgung. Dieser Teil zeigt, dass die Kriminalisierung von Vergewaltigungen in feministischen Verbänden kaum in Frage gestellt wird. Darüber hinaus erörtert er, wie die Entscheidung, sich diesbezüglich auf das Strafrecht zu beziehen, das Verständnis von Feministinnen und PolizistInnen auf den Gegenstand teilweise angenähert hat. Der zweite Teil schließlich untersucht die Praxen der PolizeibeamtInnen und die dahinterstehenden Logiken. Schließlich hebt der Artikel die liberale Sexualmoral hervor, die dieser Polizeiarbeit zugrunde liegt; eine Moral, die jene mit bestimmten feministischen Positionen teilt.
Perspectiva subjetiva de la calidad de vida del adulto mayor, diferencias ligadas al género y a la práctica de la actividad físico recreativa
Authors: Mora Mónica , Villalobos Delia , Araya Gerardo , Ozols Antonieta
Published: February 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue conocer la relación entre las variables (soporte social, autonomía, salud mental, actividad físico recreativa) que integran la perspectiva subjetiva de la calidad de vida, ligadas al género en personas adultas mayores costarricenses. Además, conocer el principal motivo de estos sujetos para realizar la actividad física y el beneficio percibido por estos, de acuerdo al género. En este estudio participaron 152 sujetos (92 mujeres y 60 hombres) con edades entre los  60 a 75 años, de 21 centros diurnos, a los cuales se les aplicó dos instrumentos: un cuestionario  de calidad de vida (INISA,1994) y una encuesta sobre actividad física recreativa. Los resultados mostraron relación significativa entre las variables autonomía y soporte social; autonomía y estado mental; autonomía  y frecuencia de la actividad; autonomía y duración. Asimismo, en lo que respecta al género; la depresión geriátrica fue superior en las mujeres (F=5.86). La salud fue el motivo principal para realizar la actividad física y los beneficios principales de ésta para ambos géneros fueron, el sentirse más reanimados, más alegres, con energía, y el alivio de dolores. Se concluye, que la calidad de vida (soporte social, autonomía, salud mental)  percibida por el adulto mayor no difiere en lo que respecta al género e incluso en el motivo o beneficio para hacer actividad física, excepto en lo que respecta a la depresión, la cual se presenta con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres. Se comprueba que la actividad física recreativa le permite obtener al adulto mayor resultados positivos entre más cantidad de veces y  de tiempo por  semana le  dedique.
Aplicaciones del sistema de eslabones de PUNI a la preparación psicológica de un equipo de fútbol ante competiciones concretas
Authors: Ureña Bonilla Pedro
Published: February 2020

El sistema de eslabones propuesto por PUNI se basa en una serie de pasos fundamentales en la preparación psicológica de los deportistas ante una competencia concreta. En primera instancia se hace referencia a: (a) la selección de información necesaria, suficiente y confiable acerca de las condiciones de la próxima competición y sobre las particularidades del rival, (b) al análisis de los recursos y posibilidades del propio equipo, (c) a la definición de estrategias de juego y de objetivos específicos individuales, (d) a la actualización de motivos personal y socialmente importantes en concordancia con los objetivos de la participación, (e) a la modelación de condiciones de la próxima competición, (f) a la preparación especial para el encuentro, utilizando obstáculos competitivos de diversa gravedad (especialmente acontecimientos inesperados), (g) a la definición de mecanismos de autorregulación de estados internos desfavorables y (h) a la selección y utilización de procedimientos de activación psicofísica precompetitiva óptima.
Playground diseños e infraestructuras seguras para nuestros niños y niñas…una urgencia en Costa Rica
Authors: Morera-Castro María
Published: February 2020

Se propone en este artículo una serie de aspectos que se deben tomar en cuenta para el diseño e infraestructura de los campos de juego o playgrounds.  Además del equipamiento y componentes necesarios que faciliten la conformación de normativas de seguridad, que van a establecer un espacio seguro capaz de cumplir el objetivo de su creación, deben ser un medio que facilite  la formación integral de la población, sin poner en riesgo su salud, previniendo cualquier tipo de accidente  y garantizando sus derechos inalienables como costarricenses.   Es urgente, por tanto, que en Costa Rica se establezcan legislaciones claras que garanticen el cumplimiento en cuanto a la construcción, diseño y utilización de los playgrounds.
Determinación de factores relacionados con el abandono de la práctica deportiva en ex nadadores costarricenses
Authors: Víquez Ulate Fabián , Araya Vargas Gerardo
Published: February 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la importancia de distintas dimensiones como posibles causas que permiten explicar el abandono de la práctica deportiva de la natación, en exnadadores costarricenses.  Sujetos: participaron 51 exnadadores, 17 hombres (22 ±3.4 años) y 34 mujeres (22,5 ±3.4 años), de distintos equipos de natación de Costa Rica. Se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Causas de Abandono de la Práctica Deportiva (Gould et al, 1982; citado por Salguero, Tuero y Márquez, 2003). Resultados: se obtuvo una relación positiva entre las percepciones de escasa habilidad y de bajo rendimiento (r: 0,372 ,y las  relaciones negativas entre años de práctica y escasa habilidad (r:-0,337), también entre años de práctica e influencia de otros (r:-0,286),  y entre años de práctica y edad de comienzo en la natación (r:-0,622). Hubo interacción significativa de las dimensiones por género de los participantes (F: 2,952; p<0,05) y de dimensiones por edad de inicio de la práctica de la natación (F: 3,147; p<0,01). Se encontró interacción entre dimensiones y deseo de volver a practicar la natación (F: 2,485; p>0,05). También diferencias significativas en los años de práctica, donde los sujetos que iniciaron antes de 10 años, tuvieron un promedio de años de práctica más alto que los sujetos que empezaron después de 10 años (F: 21,465; p<0,05). Se encontró interacción significativa de dimensiones por horas de práctica semanal de natación (F: 2,072; p<0,05). No hubo diferencias significativas (F: 2,535; p>0,05),  según la cantidad de horas de entrenamiento semanal que tenían los sujetos siento nadadores activos. Conclusiones: como posibles causas de abandono, para hombres,  fueron la falta de diversión y la baja forma; en mujeres fue la escasa atmósfera de equipo. En el grupo que inició después de los diez años valoran con una importancia similar las dimensiones como posibles causas de retiro, mientras que el grupo que inició la natación antes de los 10 años, la escasa atmósfera de equipo, la baja forma y la falta de diversión, son las posibles causas de abandono más importantes. En los sujetos que sí deseaban volver a nadar, se  mostró que la escasa atmósfera de equipo, la baja forma y la escasa habilidad fueron las dimensiones más importantes como posibles causas de abandono. En el caso de los sujetos que no desean volver a nadar, la falta de diversión fue la causa más importante. En el grupo de sujetos que nadaban menos de seis horas, la  Escasa Atmósfera de equipo es la causa más importante. Para los sujetos que nadaban de 6 a 12 horas, la causa más importante fue la dimensión Falta de diversión. Asimismo se observó que en la cercanía del cambio de colegio a universidad se dan los porcentajes más altos de abandono.