bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemangioma esplênico e Síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt como diagnóstico diferencial de massa abdominal do recém-nascido
Authors: Bach RVW , Carvalho RV , Faria PAS , Gonçalves AR , Mariño CHV
Published: July 2021

Apresentamos um caso raro de hemangioma esplênico em um recém-nascido do sexo feminino, apresentando-se como massa abdominal, coagulopatia e trombocitopenia. No ato operatório observou-se uma massa tumoral vascular do pólo inferior do baço. A paciente encontra-se em acompanhamento ambulatorial. O diagnóstico e as opções de tratamento foram revistas e discutidas. Os autores revisaram a literatura sobre hemangioma esplênico em recém-nascidos e observaram ser este o terceiro caso de associação entre hemangioma esplênico e síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt. O hemangioma esplênico é uma doença rara no diagnóstico diferencial das massas abdominais em recémnascidos. O hemangioma é a neoplasia benigna mais freqüente do baço. A anemia, a trombocitopenia e a coagulopatia são vistos com freqüência em hemangiomas cavernosos grandes associados à Síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt (KMS). O hemangioma cavernoso esplênico associado com esta síndrome é extremamente raro.
Reconstrução com retalho miocutâneo anterior da coxa após hemipelvectomia por carcinoma de células escamosas de região glútea: relato de caso
Authors: Corrêa Danton Spohr , Rossi Benedito Mauro , Ferreira Fábio de Oliveira , Nakagawa Wilson Toshihiko , Guimarães Gustavo Cardoso , Lopes Ademar
Published: July 2021

Hemipelvectomia utilizando retalho miocutâneo anterior é indicada para tumores extensos da região glútea e parte posterior proximal da coxa. Um paciente do sexo masculino com 49 anos apresentou-se para tratamento de tumor ulcerado e infectado com crescimento progressivo há 3 anos em região glútea esquerda, originado de uma área de ulceração e cicatrização crônicas provocadas pela aplicação de múltiplas injeções de drogas ilícitas no local. O tumor infiltrava a pele, tecido celular subcutâneo e musculatura glútea, estando fixo ao osso ilíaco, articulação coxo-femural e trocanter maior. A tomografia computadorizada da pelve confirmou os achados do exame físico. A biópsia aberta foi realizada e revelou um carcinoma de células escamosas. Hemipelvectomia externa foi a opção escolhida para o tratamento. Um grande defeito foi criado após ressecção da extremidade inferior, hemipélvis e glúteo. Um retalho miocutâneo anterior do músculo quadríceps femural, adutores, sartório, pectíneo e grácil com pele e tecido celular subcutâneo sobrejacentes foi realizado. Os vasos femurais foram utilizados para manter o retalho viável. A recuperação pós-operatória aconteceu sem intercorrências e o retalho permaneceu totalmente viável. Alguns aspectos da técnica são apresentados.
A História da Oncologia Pediátrica no INCA
Authors: Ferman Sima Esther , Gonçalves Alberto Ribeiro , Guimarães Darcy da Silva
Published: July 2021

De forma cronológica, o artigo retrata a História da Oncologia Pediátrica no INCA.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛІЗМУ ТА АРХЕТИПІКИ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ
Authors: Амосов Олег Юрійович , Гавкалова Наталія Леонідівна
Published: July 2021

Визначено сучасні тенденції, що відбуваються в суспільстві в цілому та в публічному управлінні під впливом інституційних чинників та архетипів. Окреслено хід процесів модернізації та постмодернізації, проаналізовано еволюцію наукових підходів. Запропоновано постмодер- нізацію розглядати як процес, що забезпечує еволюційну трансформацію від традиційного до постмодернового суспільства, яка зумовлена існую- чими архетипами та укладається в контекст інституціоналізму, що ви- значає неообхідність якісних перетворень в сучасному суспільстві. До- сліджено вплив інституціоналізму на суспільні процеси у взаємозв’язку з суспільними архетипами: інститути об’єднує те, що вони виникли в ре- зультаті розвитку суспільства і втілюють традиції та звичаї, норми пове- дінки і переважні напрями думок людей, тобто архетипні елементи. Ви- значено інститути в їх багатоаспектності, представлено, у зв’язку з цим, архетипи за їх різновидами. Аргументовано, що інституціоналізм є науко- вою основою публічного управління. З’ясовано особливості державного управління та публічного адміністрування, визначено необхідність щодо суспільних трансформацій у напрямі підтримки публічного управління. Визначено моделі взаємодії та соціальних сегменів, які створюють під- стави для солідаристичного та громадянського суспільства, консорцій, конвіксій та правової соціальної держави. Зазначено, що модель публіч- ного управління базується на моделі людини, та з’ясовано, що в основі поведінки людини формуються звички, принципи поведінки, які мають архетипну природу та закріплюються у вигляді інститутів. Взаємозв’я- зок інституціоналізму та архетипіки в публічному управлінні створюють підстави для його дієвості та дають змогу його розглядати як інструмент розвитку суспільства, здатний забезпечити діалог між владою, бізнесом та громадянином.
Crítica al multiculturalismo liberal, hacia un multiculturalismo crítico
Authors: Fernández Ruíz José Manuel
Published: July 2021

En este ensayo desarrollo una crítica al modelo de justicia multicultural de Will Kymlicka, con el propósito de establecer las bases para el desarrollo de un multiculturalismo crítico. El argumento se ordena de la siguiente forma. En la primera sección analizo la teoría de los derechos especiales de Kymlicka e identifico el valor liberal central al que estos responden, la autonomía individual. En la segunda sección examino el fundamento igualitarista de la suerte de su teoría de los derechos especiales. En la tercera sección elaboro una crítica general a la justicia multicultural liberal desarrollando un argumento para politizar los reclamos de los pueblos indígenas para el acceso a su cultura. Argumento que el trato justo de las minorías indígenas requiere reconocer su autodeterminación política.
Un encuentro con las formas vivientes del discurso de Davi Kopenawa
Authors: Parga-León Ángela
Published: July 2021

Esta exposición intenta comprender las formas culturales de comunicación y fijación mnémica en una narración específica que Davi Kopenawa, chamán Yanomami, expone al antropólogo Bruce Albert, en virtud de los modos de existencia  amazónicos, refiriéndose en particular a la intensidad de los espíritus selváticos y a la experiencia chamánica con los mundos espirituales. En el contexto de una extensión vegetal dispersa y sobresaliente, afirmamos una sociabilidad cotidiana en el marco de una “ética respetuosa o amorosa” entre todas las formas de vida, expresada estéticamente en formas significantes y transportadoras de emociones desarrolladas por la cosmología amazónica. Para ello utilizamos las nociones que Aby Warburg emplea en su estudio de la cultura de las imágenes, en tanto curso por el cual estas pueden entenderse como organismos vivientes susceptibles a transformación, preservando su propia biología en la trasmisión codificada de la memoria.
Miguel Ernesto Orellana Benado, “La Academia Sonámbula”, ensayo sobre la institución universitaria chilena al culminar su cuarto de siglo, Orjikh Editores, Santiago de Chile, 2019, 93 pp.
Authors: Peña-Neira Sergio
Published: July 2021

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Indicadores Importantes Para Formação De Professores Supervisores De Estágio Curricular Supervisionado
Authors: Lima Diane Mota , Costa Miguel Ataíde Pinto da , Santos José Henrique dos
Published: July 2021

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi levantar indicadores importantes que deveriam constar em uma formação de professores supervisores de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado. Esse estudo se definiu como qualitativo, por estudos de casos e pelo Método Analítico Descritivo. Os participantes foram duas duplas de professores supervisores e seus estagiários, em duas escolas distintas. Os dados que foram coletados pelos instrumentos: Entrevista Semi-estruturada, Observações in loco e Relatório Final dos estagiários foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdos. Os resultados pontuaram que a relação Universidade e Escola, Professor Supervisor participante, Relação Professor Supervisor e Estagiário, Socialização Profissional do Estagiário e Orientação e Feedbacks são os indicadores que devem estar presentes em uma capacitação de professores supervisores.
Formation of language communicative competence of the State criminal and executive service employees on the basis of communicative approach
Authors:   Academy of the State penitentiary service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Z.  Ye. Shumeiko
Published: July 2021

The author of the article analyzes the components of the communicative competence of employees of the State Criminal and Executive Service (knowledge, skills, abilities, personal features) on the basis of the definition of this phenomenon. The author emphasizes that a special role in the formation of this phenomenon is played by the training courses of Ukrainian and foreign languages for professional orientation, as well as other disciplines of the social and humanitarian course. Shumeiko Z. Ye. substantiates the expediency of using the communicative approach in the process of forming the language communicative competence of the employees of the State Criminal and Executive Service by analyzing the basic concepts of research (“approach” and “communication”). The author proves that this approach is based on the consideration of educational phenomena through the prism of the concept of educational and pedagogical communication. The introduction of a communicative approach to the training of future specialists of State Criminal and Executive Service involves the implementation of three main conditions, in particular: the purpose of training courses should be to develop skills (grammar, lexical, phonetic, speech) necessary for speech activity; the need to select exercises communicative in nature, as well as tasks for the development of skills and speech skills; formation of the incentive-motivational phase of the activity of the future specialists. The author of the article concludes that for the effective formation of language communicative competence on the basis of the communicative approach teachers should create the communication situations, as well as to select text material taking into account the professional orientation of students, to apply the optimal forms, methods and means of organizing the educational process, as well as to form internal needs of students in speech communication, to encourage development and self-development in this area. Key words: employees of the State Criminal and Executive Service, language communicative competence, communicative approach.
DEVELOPMENT FEATURES OF AN INVESTMENT PROJECT FOR THE BUILDING OF A REAL ESTATE OBJECT
Authors: Пандас Анастасія , Фокша Христина
Published: July 2021

Capital construction is a key sector of the state; it is also worth noting that the efficiency of the entire economic system depends on it. In modern conditions, the main instrument of the state's exit from the crisis state is to attract investments. Investments ensure economic growth, make it possible to implement the strategic goals of economic development, and form production potential. Historically, real estate has been and is the basis for investing and saving funds. Real estate is in high demand and tends to rise in value. In this regard, real estate is one of the most attractive investment objects, which allows the construction industry to develop dynamically and attract significant financial resources.
БАНКІВСЬКІ ІННОВАЦІЇ В УМОВАХ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: Карлін Микола , Шматковська Тетяна , Борисюк Олена
Published: July 2021

Трансформація системи економічних відносин, яка відбувається під впливом інтенсифікації технологічного розвитку та науково-технічного прогресу, значно впливають на взаємодію банків та їх клієнтів в процесі здійснення банківської діяльності. При цьому, як показує практика, за останні двадцять років кардинально змінилися принципи взаємодії цих суб’єктів банківського ринку з появою та наступним широким розповсюдженням мережевих технологій. У статті розглядається специфіка формування підходів до впровадження банківських інновацій, зокрема – конкретизуються фактори та чинники, що впливають на поширення систем онлайн-банкінгу. Досліджено особливості впливу нових технологій на формування банківського ринку в умовах цифровізації економічних відносин. Визначено, що забезпечення ефективного функціонування та розвитку онлайн-банкінгу в умовах формування цифрової економіки сприяє загальному підвищенню конкурентоспроможності банківських установ.
СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОБЛІКУ ОПЕРАЦІЙ ДРОПШИПІНГУ ЯК ФОРМИ ЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ
Authors: Онищенко Оксана , Олійник Євгенія , Беззуб Анастасія
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питання значення та ролі електронної комерції у світовій економіці та такої популярної онлайн-системи купівлі та продажу серед населення як системі, що використовує концепцію дропшипінгу. Досліджено основні характеристики, схему діяльності системи дропшипінгу, етапи здійснення, особливості співпраці в цій системі та законодавче оформлення. Зазначені переваги системи дропшипінгу, при цьому звертається увага і на існуючі проблеми в дропшипінгу, такі як: знайти надійного постачальника; відсутність контролю за товарними запасами, велика конкуренція, необхідність певних навичок при веденні бізнесу. Особлива увага була приділена розгляду питань облікового відображення операцій дропшипінгу, як актуальної моделі електронної торгівлі: обліковому відображенню операцій дропшипінгу з позиції дропшипера за умови агентської діяльності та в умовах укладання договорів та доручення.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ СУЧАСНИМ БІЗНЕС-СЕРЕДОВИЩЕМ
Authors: Біла Ірина , Насікан Ніна
Published: July 2021

Розвинене та дієве бізнес-середовище є передумовою використання потенціалу бізнесу, підвищення ефективності та стабільності ринкової економіки. Управління бізнес-середовищем вважається одним із напрямів поліпшення його якості, яка в свою чергу є узагальнюючим результатом його функціонування. Суб’єктний підхід до аналізу процесу управління бізнес-середовищем дозволяє стверджувати, що означена система функціонує на рівні таких її суб’єктів як держави, бізнес-асоціацій та підприємств та визначається адекватністю їх дій. На думку авторів, процес порушення чи руйнування цілісності взаємодії зазначених суб’єктів є деструкцією, головним фактором якої є особистісний фактор. Саме зорієнтованість суб’єктів – держави, бізнес-асоціацій та підприємств – на реалізацію власних інтересів, а не на потреби партнера цілісної системи, підриває стабільність системи управління бізнес-середовищем та актуалізує питання оптимізації – тобто знаходження такого стану та умов бізнес-середовища, які забезпечують найвищу ефективність взаємодії його суб’єктів.
ВПЛИВ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД НА ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНУ ПРИВАБЛИВІСТЬ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Білоус Світлана , Степанець Іван
Published: July 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню впливу об’єднаних територіальних громад на інвестиційну привабливість регіону. Визначено, що питання впливу об’єднаних територіальних громад на розвиток регіону набуло в умовах активізації процесів децентралізації. Обґрунтовано, що сукупність усіх ресурсів утворює потенціал громади, який є певним «профілем» ОТГ, який дозволяє інвестору прийняти рішення щодо доцільності інвестування, напрямів вкладання коштів. Авторами виокремлено п’ять груп факторів, які формують інвестиційний клімат: рівень розвитку продуктивних сил та стан інвестиційного ринку; політична воля влади та правове поле держави; стан фінансово-кредитної системи і діяльність фінансових посередників; статус іноземного інвестора; інвестиційна активність населення. Обґрунтовано необхідність вдосконалення ключових принципів інвестиційної політики через створення ефективного правового поля, що регулює інвестиційну діяльність, макроекономічної та політичної стабільності, запровадження податкових та митних пільг, дотацій, субсидій, субвенцій і бюджетних позик на розвиток пріоритетних сфер галузей економіки.
ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Нагернюк Діана , Непочатенко Олена
Published: July 2021

В статті розглянуто сучасний стан та проблеми розвитку сільських територій Україні, а також виявлено основні чинники впливу на формування та використання виробничого і соціального потенціалу українського села в умовах ринкових трансформацій. Узагальнені й визначені сучасні проблеми розвитку сільських територій, а саме: погіршення стану природних ресурсів та екологічної ситуації, занепад інженерної та соціальної інфраструктури, високий рівень безробіття й посилення міграції сільського населення, значне скорочення закладів соціально-культурного призначення, повна або часткова відсутність надання медичних, побутових та інших послуг населенню. Окреслено пріоритетні напрями розвитку сільських територій в Україні. Пропонується за вихідну методологічну основу для дослідження поняття розвитку сільських територій обирати Концепцію багатофункціональності сільського господарства.
GENDER VARIATIONS IN NORWEGIAN PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' MOTIVATIONAL ORIENTATIONS
Authors: Christophersen Knut-Andreas , Elstad Eyvind , Solhaug Trond , Turmo Are
Published: July 2021

Pre-service teachers’ gender and its associations with motivational orientations are under-researched issues. This study, therefore, used a survey methodology to research gender variations in the motivational orientations of pre-service teachers in general. The research clearly shows that male pre-service teachers are less motivated than their female counterparts and have higher levels of disillusion motivation. Female pre-service teachers are more influenced by teacher role models and show higher levels of intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy in classroom management. Males seem to internalize external academic pressure to a lesser extent. Further research is needed to better understand these significant findings. The conclusion is that interactions between gender and pre-service teachers’ motivational orientations need to be further explored and explicitly addressed by teacher educators.
Key words: pre-service teachers, gender; motivational orientations; self-efficacy.
Estudo comparativo dos valores de ângulo do retropé entre corredoras com sintomas no joelho e assintomáticas
Authors: Silva Luzia Carla da , Oliveira Natália Cristina de , Castro Gisélia Gonçalves de , Nunes Kelly Cristina de Faria , Rodrigues Júnior Edson
Published: July 2021

Introdução: As características morfológicas do pé sugerem desalinhamento dos membros inferiores, tornando praticantes de corrida mais susceptíveis a dor e lesões. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de dor e comparar as características morfológicas dos pés e alinhamento do retropé entre corredoras com sintomas no joelho e assintomáticas. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle, exploratório com abordagem quantitativa, com 31 mulheres corredoras. A presença de dor e lesões foi avaliada por meio de um questionário padronizado. A morfologia dos pés foi realizada através da inspeção, com registros fotográficos no plano posterior e o arco longitudinal do pé foi analisado através de podometria de pressão. Os dados foram analisados pelo SPSS versão 18.0. Na comparação das médias das variáveis dos ângulos de retropé foi utilizado o teste t Student para amostras independentes, considerando o p < 0,05. Resultados: Observou-se que 86% das mulheres relataram sintoma predominante no joelho (64,51%). Na análise das características morfológicas dos pés, encontrou-se predomínio do tipo rebaixado e assimetria dos retropés no grupo sintomático. Conclusão: Apenas a assimetria entre os membros e as caraterísticas morfológicas do pé apresentam associação com a presença de dor no joelho.
DUALITAS AGEN DAN STRUKTUR DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH (Studi Kasus Tentang Pelaksanaan Program Kang Pisman Di Kecamatan Cibiru, Kota Bandung)
Authors: Hidayatulloh Ilham , Sugandi Yogi Suprayogi , Gunawan Wahju
Published: July 2021

Sampah di Kota Bandung sudah menjadi masalah yang krusial dan harus diselesaikan. Pemerintah Kota Bandung berupaya menyelesaikan masalah tersebut dengan mendorong perubahan perilaku masyarakat dalam mengolah sampah melalui program Kang Pisman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dualitas agen dan struktur dalam pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori strukturasi dari Anthony Giddens sebagai alat analisis yang menjelaskan mengenai konsep dualitas agen dan struktur dalam ruang waktu yang juga melibatkan praktik sosial agen. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dualitas agen dan struktur dalam pelaksanaan program pengelolaan sampah di Kota Bandung terjalin melalui skema signifikansi, dominasi serta legitimasi. Program Kang Pisman merupakan bentuk dari signifikansi dan dominasi Pemerintah Kota Bandung mewajibkan setiap OPD untuk melaksanakan program Kang Pisman secara mandiri dan memberikan instruksi kepada kecamatan dan kelurahan untuk mengikuti dan menjalankan program Kang Pisman sedangkan legitimasi yang dibuat yaitu pemerintah merilis Peraturan Daerah Nomor 9 tahun 2018 tentang pengelolaan sampah. Di Kecamatan Cibiru program Kang Pisman dilaksanakan dengan inovasi yaitu program Nanjak sareng Kang Pisman. Dalam praktiknya kecamatan menggunakan dominasinya yaitu mewajibkan kepada para perangkat RW dan perangkat RT untuk melakukan sosialisasi tentang program Nanjak sareng Kang Pisman. Kecamatan Cibiru juga berkolaborasi dengan bank sampah yang ada di RW 06 Palasari sebagai mitra bank sampah dalam pelaksanaan program Nanjak sareng Kang Pisman ini.Kata Kunci: Agen, Dominasi, Dualitas, Kang Pisman, Sampah, Struktur
Implementation of Project Based Learning on Student Reasoning on Covid-19 Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Septaria Kiki , Dewanti Binar Ayu
Published: July 2021

Disaster mitigation is activity that very important to teach and learning to someone as early as possible. Disaster mitigation can teach through positive activities such as school learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of Project Based Learning on students' reasoning for Class VII Covid-19 Disaster Mitigation at SMP 1 Maduran. This research is very much needed to see students' reasoning for understanding the concept of Covid-19 disaster mitigation and to train Covid-19 disaster preparedness as early as possible for students of SMPN 1 Maduran. The research method used One Group Pre-test Post-test Design with 30 students of grade VII at SMPN 1 Maduran. The results generally showed increase student reasoning with an average N-Gain score of 0.68 in the moderate category. The results of the increase in reasoning on each indicator, (1) namely explaining the relationship between the elements in the problem increased with an average N-Gain score of 0.58 in the moderate category, (2) made the problem solving project structure increase with an average N-Gain score of 0.76 with the High category, and (3) realizing projects that have been designed in the form of completion results increased with an average N-Gain score of 0.67 in the moderate category. Based on the data generated, it can be shown that learning using Project Based Learning is able to improve students' reasoning in class VII Covid-19 disaster mitigation material at SMPN 1 Maduran. Future research expected to be able measure students' creativity in the process of problems solving in mitigating the Covid-19 disaster.
Human Security as Final Cause of Political Society
Authors: ERKİNER Hakkı Hakan , OMGBA AKOUDOU Emerant Yves
Published: July 2021

Since its advent in international affairs in the 1990s the concept of human security has been subject to a great interest within the academia and political milieus. Various conceptions of it were advanced and received concrete forms. This paper is a contribution both to the understanding of human security and the sense of its satisfaction related to political society. Precisely from an essentialist perspective, it advances a naturalistic conception of human security, which enables to account of it as the human natural order, inescapably implying conservation. That way, it stands as the final cause of political society, that is to say, its foundation and its finality. It tests that by rereading Aristotelian essentialism and contractualist philosophies in a way that they inform human security as a natural law, evidenced in the Man’s political animality.
NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19
Authors: Trufanov Y.O.
Published: July 2021

After the first cases of the new disease COVID-19 (caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus) were registered in Wuhan, China in December 2019, its spread rapidly became a pandemic and within a few months it covered almost 200 countries [6]. The global COVID-19 pandemic has infected more than 79 million people around the world and claimed more than 1.7 million lives as of December 24, 2020 (according to the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University). Thus, the mortality rate is 2.2%, which significantly exceeds the mortality rate for influenza. It is believed that the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic will continue in the next few months, after which the pandemic will decline.
Although the predominant manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, more and more attention is paid to neurological complications. Some neurological complications are potentially life-threatening and can lead to death.
The most common neurological complications of acute phase of COVID-19 are impairments of olfaction and taste, which are observed in 33-88% of patients [3]. These symptoms are important for differential diagnosis with influenza and ARVI viruses. Headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and myalgia according to different studies can be observed in 6.5-16.8% of patients. Other neurological complications of COVID-19 often develop in severe and very severe disease (although there are exceptions). Apparently, such neurological complications as ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, encephalopathy, delirium can be observed in approximately 0.5-3% of patients. Even less common are hemorrhagic stroke, venous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, cerebral vasculitis, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX cranial nerves lesions, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome, polyneuropathy, acute dysautonomia, myopathy, myoclonus, epileptic seizures and status epilepticus [2, 4-8].
Awareness of the neurological complications of COVID-19 can influence treatment strategies and simultaneously improve the prognosis for critically ill patients [5].
Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, neurological complications
Sea otter effects on trophic structure of seagrass communities in southeast Alaska
Authors: Raymond WW , Schram JB , Eckert GL , Galloway AWE
Published: July 2021

Previous research in southeast Alaska on the effects of sea otters Enhydra lutris in seagrass Zostera marina communities identified many but not all of the trophic relationships that were predicted by a sea otter-mediated trophic cascade. To further resolve these trophic connections, we compared biomass, carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope (SI), and fatty acid (FA) data from 16 taxa at 3 sites with high and 3 sites with low sea otter density (8.2 and 0.1 sea otters km-2, respectively). We found lower crab and clam biomass in the high sea otter region but did not detect a difference in biomass of other seagrass community taxa or the overall community isotopic niche space between sea otter regions. Only staghorn sculpin differed in δ13C between regions, and Fucus, sugar kelp, butter clams, dock shrimp, and shiner perch differed in δ15N. FA analysis indicated multivariate dissimilarity in 11 of the 15 conspecifics between sea otter regions. FA analysis found essential FAs, which consumers must obtain from their diet, including 20:5ω3 (EPA) and 22:6ω3 (DHA), were common in discriminating conspecifics between sea otter regions, suggesting differences in consumer diets. Further FA analysis indicated that many consumers rely on diverse diets, regardless of sea otter region, potentially buffering these consumers from sea otter-mediated changes to diet availability. While sea otters are major consumers in this system, further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms responsible for the differences in biomarkers between regions with and without sea otters.
The search for the neural correlate of consciousness: Progress and challenges
Authors: Lepauvre Alex , Melloni Lucia
Published: July 2021

Twenty years ago, Thomas Metzinger published the book "The Neural Correlates of Consciousness" amassing the state of knowledge in the field of consciousness studies at the time from philosophical and empirical perspectives. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of this impactful publication, we review the progress the field has made since then and the important methodological challenges it faces. A tremendous number of empirical studies have been conducted, which has led to the identification of many candidate neural correlates of consciousness. Yet, this tremendous amount of work has not unraveled a consensual account of consciousness as of now. Many questions, some already raised twenty years ago, remain unanswered, and an enormous proliferation of theories sharply contrasts with the scarcity of compelling data and methodological challenges. The contrastive method, the foundational method used to study the neural correlate of consciousness (NCC), has also been called into question. And while awareness in the community of its shortcomings is widespread, few concrete attempts have been made to go beyond it and/or to revise existing theories. We propose several methodological shifts that we believe may help to advance the quest of the NCC program, while remaining uncommitted to any specific theory: (1) the currently prevalent “contrastive method” should lose its monopoly in favor of methods that attempt to explain the phenomenology of experience; (2) experimental data should be shared in centralized, multi-methods databases, transcending the limitations of individual experiments by granting granularity and power to generalize findings and “distill” the NCC proper; (3) the explanatory power of theories should be directly pitted against each other to overcome the non-productive fractioning of the field into insular camps seeking confirmatory evidence for their theories. We predict these innovations might enable the field to progress towards the goal of explaining consciousness.
Equitable Wage
Authors: LOH KC
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Do companies pay employees a fair wage? What is a fair wage? This paper takes you through various theories on wages, on old economics and new economics, and on marginal utilities and growth accounting, all these explained without having to resort to any mathematics. These economic theories form the foundation upon which a mathematical expression for fair wage can be constructed. The paper uses case studies of two great British corporations to illustrate how companies might go about to compensate their stakeholders, especially their employees, equitably.
The generalization of the Periodic table about "dark matter"
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: July 2021

The thesis is: the “periodic table” of “dark matter” is equivalent to the standard Periodic table of the visible matter once being entangled. Thus, it is to consist of all possible entangled states of the atoms of chemical elements as quantum systems. In other words, an atom of any chemical element and as a quantum system, i.e. as a wave function, should be represented as a non-orthogonal in general (i.e. entangled) subspace of the separable complex Hilbert space relevant to the system to which the atom at issue is related as a true part of it. The paper follows previous publications of mine stating that “dark matter” and “dark energy” are projections of arbitrarily entangled states on the “cognitive screen” of Einstein’s “Mach’s principle” in general relativity postulating that gravitational fields can be generated only by mass or energy.
Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Induces Proopiomelanocortin via CRH/CRHR Pathway in Mouse Trophoblast
Authors: Wang He , Sakata-Haga Hiromi , Masuta Hiroko , Tomosugi Mitsuhiro , Tsukada Tsuyoshi , Shimada Hiroki , Sakai Daisuke , Shoji Hiroki , Hatta Toshihisa
Published: July 2021

We previously showed that maternal leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) induces placental production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates fetal nucleated red blood cells to further secrete LIF and promote neurogenesis in rodent brains. However, the underlying mechanism of LIF-dependent ACTH induction remains unclear. Recently, we found that LIF induces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in mouse trophoblast stem cells. This finding supports the results of a previous study that CRH, which is produced by the placenta, induces placental ACTH production. In this study, we examined whether the effects of LIF are mediated by the induction of Pomc via CRH upregulation in mouse trophoblast. In vivo, protein levels of LIF and CRH peak in mouse placenta at 13.5 days post coitum. In mouse placenta, Crh mRNA and protein levels significantly increased 3 h after intraperitoneal injection of LIF (5 μg/kg body weight) into dams at 13.5 days post coitum. We also examined the effect of LIF-induced CRH on the expression of Pomc induced by LIF in mouse trophoblast stem cells in vitro. After LIF supplementation for 3 days, we found that the increased expression of Crh-induced by new supplementation of LIF was earlier than that of Pomc. Furthermore, LIF-induced upregulation of Pomc in mouse trophoblast stem cells was attenuated by inhibition of the CRH/CRHR1 pathway, whereas LIF-induced secretion of ACTH was attenuated by inhibition of the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, LIF indirectly increases placental Pomc expression through the CRH/CRHR1 pathway, and placental ACTH secretion is induced directly by LIF via the JAK/STAT3 pathway.
LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 Secreted by Tumor Cell-Derived Exosomes Mediates Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating PD-L1 Ubiquitination via MiR-30a-5p/USP22
Authors: Xian Di , Niu Liangbo , Zeng Jie , Wang Lei
Published: July 2021

Background: This study tried to explore the mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1OT1 in tumor immune escape.

Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and microarray analysis were used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNA and microRNA (miRNA) in normal tissues and tumor tissues. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to quantify KCNQ1OT1, miR-30a-5p, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). The interactive relationship between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-30a-5p was verified using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, clone formation, wound healing, and apoptosis are used to detect the occurrence of tumor cells after different treatments. Protein half-life and ubiquitination detection are used to study the influence of USP22 on PD-L1 ubiquitination. BALB/c mice and BALB/c nude mice are used to detect the effects of different treatments on tumor growth and immune escape in vivo.

Results: The expression of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 in tumor tissues and tumor cell-derived exosomes was significantly increased. The tumor-promoting effect of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 was through the autocrine effect of tumor cell-derived exosomes, which mediates the miR-30a-5p/USP22 pathway to regulate the ubiquitination of PD-L1 and inhibits CD8+ T-cell response, thereby promoting colorectal cancer development.

Conclusion: Tumor cell-derived exosomes’ KCNQ1OT1 could regulate PD-L1 ubiquitination through miR-30a-5p/USP22 to promote colorectal cancer immune escape.
A Novel Mechanism of Cannabidiol in Suppressing Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing GSDME Dependent Pyroptosis
Authors: Shangguan Fugen , Zhou Hongfei , Ma Nengfang , Wu Shanshan , Huang Huimin , Jin Guihua , Wu Shijia , Hong Weilong , Zhuang Weiwei , Xia Hongping , Lan Linhua
Published: July 2021

Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytochemical derived from Cannabis sativa L., has been demonstrated to exhibit promising anti-tumor properties in multiple cancer types. However, the effects of CBD on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain unknown. We have shown that CBD effectively suppresses HCC cell growth in vivo and in vitro, and induced HCC cell pyroptosis in a caspase-3/GSDME-dependent manner. We further demonstrated that accumulation of integrative stress response (ISR) and mitochondrial stress may contribute to the initiation of pyroptotic signaling by CBD. Simultaneously, CBD can repress aerobic glycolysis through modulation of the ATF4–IGFBP1–Akt axis, due to the depletion of ATP and crucial intermediate metabolites. Collectively, these observations indicate that CBD could be considered as a potential compound for HCC therapy.
Immobilization Screening and Characterization of an Alcohol Dehydrogenase and its Application to the Multi-Enzymatic Selective Oxidation of 1,-Omega-Diols
Authors: Santiago-Arcos Javier , Velasco-Lozano Susana , Diamanti Eleftheria , Cortajarena Aitziber L. , López-Gallego Fernando
Published: July 2021

Alcohol dehydrogenase from Bacillus (Geobacillus) stearothermophilus (BsADH) is a NADH-dependent enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of alcohols, however its thermal and operational stabilities are too low for its long-term use under non-physiological conditions. Enzyme immobilizations emerges as an attractive tool to enhance the stability of this enzyme. In this work, we have screened a battery of porous carriers and immobilization chemistries to enhance the robustness of a His-tagged variant of BsADH. The selected carriers recovered close to 50% of the immobilized activity and increased enzyme stability from 3 to 9 times compared to the free enzyme. We found a trade-off between the half-life time and the specific activity as a function of the relative anisotropy values of the immobilized enzymes, suggesting that both properties are oppositely related to the enzyme mobility (rotational tumbling). The most thermally stable heterogeneous biocatalysts were coupled with a NADH oxidase/catalase pair co-immobilized on porous agarose beads to perform the batch oxidation of five different 1,ω-diols with in situ recycling of NAD+. Only when His-tagged BsADH was immobilized on porous glass functionalized with Fe3+, the heterogeneous biocatalyst oxidized 1, 5-pentanediol with a conversion higher than 50% after five batch cycles. This immobilized multi-enzyme system presented promising enzymatic productivities towards the oxidation of three different diols. Hence, this strategical study accompanied by a functional and structural characterization of the resulting immobilized enzymes, allowed us selecting an optimal heterogeneous biocatalyst and their integration into a fully heterogeneous multi-enzyme system.
Monocyte Dysfunction Detected by the Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein F7 Predicts Mortality in Patients Receiving Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Siegel Patrick M. , Orlean Lukas , Bojti István , Kaier Klaus , Witsch Thilo , Esser Jennifer S. , Trummer Georg , Moser Martin , Peter Karlheinz , Bode Christoph , Diehl Philipp
Published: July 2021

Background: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is used for critically ill patients requiring hemodynamic support but has been shown to induce an inflammatory response syndrome potentially leading to severe complications and poor outcome. Monocytes are comprised of different subsets and play a central role in the innate immune system. The unique small binding proteins, Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein “F7” and single chain variable fragment “MAN-1,” specifically detect the activated conformation of the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 enabling the highly sensitive detection of monocyte activation status. The aim of this study was to characterize monocyte function and heterogeneity and their association with outcome in VA-ECMO patients.

Methods: VA-ECMO patients were recruited from the ICUs of the University Hospital in Freiburg, Germany. Blood was sampled on day 0 and day 3 after VA-ECMO placement, after VA-ECMO explantation and from healthy controls. Monocyte subset distribution, baseline activation and stimulability were analyzed by flow cytometry using the unique small binding proteins F7 and MAN-1 and the conventional activation markers CD163, CD86, CD69, and CX3CR1. Furthermore, expression of monocyte activation markers in survivors and non-survivors on day 0 was compared. Simple logistic regression was conducted to determine the association of monocyte activation markers with mortality.

Results: Twenty two patients on VA-ECMO and 15 healthy controls were recruited. Eleven patients survived until discharge from the ICU. Compared to controls, baseline monocyte activation was significantly increased, whereas stimulability was decreased. The percentage of classical monocytes increased after explantation, while the percentage of intermediate monocytes decreased. Total, classical, and intermediate monocyte counts were significantly elevated compared to controls. On day 0, baseline binding of F7 was significantly lower in non-survivors than survivors. The area under the ROC curve associated with mortality on day 0 was 0.802 (p = 0.02).

Conclusions: Distribution of monocyte subsets changes during VA-ECMO and absolute classical and intermediate monocyte counts are significantly elevated compared to controls. Monocytes from VA-ECMO patients showed signs of dysfunction. Monocyte dysfunction, as determined by the unique tool F7, could be valuable for predicting mortality in patients receiving VA-ECMO and may be used as a novel biomarker guiding early clinical decision making in the future.
Taurisolo®, a Grape Pomace Polyphenol Nutraceutical Reducing the Levels of Serum Biomarkers Associated With Atherosclerosis
Authors: Annunziata Giuseppe , Ciampaglia Roberto , Maisto Maria , D'Avino Maria , Caruso Domenico , Tenore Gian Carlo , Novellino Ettore
Published: July 2021

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite recognized as strongly related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), mainly increasing the risk of atherosclerosis development. Currently, no pharmacological approaches have been licensed for reduction of TMAO serum levels and conventional anti-atherosclerosis treatments only target the traditional risk factors, and the cardiovascular risk (CVR) still persist. This underlines the need to find novel targeted strategies for management of atherosclerosis. In this study we tested the ability of a novel nutraceutical formulation based on grape pomace polyphenols (Taurisolo®) in reducing both the serum levels of TMAO and oxidative stress-related biomarkers in humans (n = 213). After chronic treatment with Taurisolo® we observed significantly reduced levels of TMAO (−49.78 and −75.80%, after 4-week and 8-week treatment, respectively), oxidized LDL (oxLDL; −43.12 and −65.05%, after 4-week and 8-week treatment, respectively), and reactive oxygen species (D-ROMs; −34.37 and −49.68%, after 4-week and 8-week treatment, respectively). On the other hand, no significant changes were observed in control group. Such promising, the results observed allow indicating Taurisolo® as an effective nutraceutical strategy for prevention of atherosclerosis.

Clinical Trial Registration: This study is listed on the ISRCTN registry with ID ISRCTN10794277 (doi: 10.1186/ISRCTN10794277).
Aortography Keypoint Tracking for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Based on Multi-Task Learning
Authors: Danilov Viacheslav V. , Klyshnikov Kirill Yu. , Gerget Olga M. , Skirnevsky Igor P. , Kutikhin Anton G. , Shilov Aleksandr A. , Ganyukov Vladimir I. , Ovcharenko Evgeny A.
Published: July 2021

Currently, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) represents the most efficient treatment option for patients with aortic stenosis, yet its clinical outcomes largely depend on the accuracy of valve positioning that is frequently complicated when routine imaging modalities are applied. Therefore, existing limitations of perioperative imaging underscore the need for the development of novel visual assistance systems enabling accurate procedures. In this paper, we propose an original multi-task learning-based algorithm for tracking the location of anatomical landmarks and labeling critical keypoints on both aortic valve and delivery system during TAVI. In order to optimize the speed and precision of labeling, we designed nine neural networks and then tested them to predict 11 keypoints of interest. These models were based on a variety of neural network architectures, namely MobileNet V2, ResNet V2, Inception V3, Inception ResNet V2 and EfficientNet B5. During training and validation, ResNet V2 and MobileNet V2 architectures showed the best prediction accuracy/time ratio, predicting keypoint labels and coordinates with 97/96% accuracy and 4.7/5.6% mean absolute error, respectively. Our study provides evidence that neural networks with these architectures are capable to perform real-time predictions of aortic valve and delivery system location, thereby contributing to the proper valve positioning during TAVI.
Image Analysis for Spectroscopic Elemental Dot Maps: P, Al, and Ca Associations in Water Treatment Residuals as a Case Study
Authors: Zohar Iris , Haruzi Peleg
Published: July 2021

The associations of elements upon a heterogeneous surface may control nutrients or pollutants sorption and release, having agricultural and environmental implications. This chemical behavior can be elucidated by spatial spectroscopy, followed by image analysis. The purpose of this paper is to present a working procedure for image analysis using the free program ImageJ that can be applied for dot maps of three or more elements produced by solid-state spectroscopy. Detailed step-by-step instructions lead to visual and quantitative information regarding elements associations. The working procedure was demonstrated for P, Al and Ca dot maps produced by scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) for surfaces of Al-based water treatment residuals (Al-WTRs), a by-product of drinking water pretreatment with alum coagulant. Al-WTR was reused to adsorb the macro-nutrient P from polluted soil leach and dairy wastewater (WW). Surficial P onto Al-WTR, SL-Al/O-WTR, and WW-Al/O-WTR (0.56, 0.93, and 2.15%, respectively) displayed sorption dynamics, mostly with Al and Ca. Quantification of the spatial proportions of individual elements and their associations indicated P-Al pool > P-Ca pool (45–24% and 17–7%, respectively). Upon introducing P-rich dairy wastewater, the behavior of P sorption by Al and Ca changed and became more clustered. A ternary phase of P-Al-Ca covered 38% of the area with signal, compared to 4.3 and 4.6% of the area in Al-WTR and SL-Al-WTR, where it was limited to particles edges only. Thus, the presented protocol may promote employing image analysis for geochemical applications, elucidating chemical behavior and affinities. Advantages and pitfalls are discussed.