bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood glucose and digestive tract andoparasite helminth infection of cantang grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus x Ephelus fuscoguttatus) from traditional ponds in the Kampung Kerapu of Lamongan East Java
Authors: Angwarmas B , Sulmartiwi L , Mahasri G , Rahayu N D , Pamenang G D
Published: February 2020

Cantang grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus (E. fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) is a hybrid fish between female tiger grouper and male kertang grouper, which has a high resistance to the environment and pathogen infection. The aim of this research was to find out the stress level (blood glucose levels) and helminth infections in the digestive tract of the cantang grouper (E. fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) on a traditional pond in Kampung Kerapu Lamongan, East Java. This research is a survey research with 40 samples of Cantang grouper with purposive sampling. The results of the study showed that the Cantang groupers were reared in traditional ponds, positively infected by a single worms Prosorhynchus, with a prevalence of 24.4%. The lowest blood glucose levels was 0 mg/dL and the highest was 117 mg/dL. Infection was occurred in Cantang groupers that had blood glucose levels were below of normal, and above of normal with moderate infection degrees. The results also showed that there was no close correlation between blood glucose level of the Cantang grouper with intestinal helminth infections.
Inventory of ectoparasite helminth on the Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) from traditional ponds in the Kampung Kerapu Lamongan East Java Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu N D , Sulmartiwi L , Mahasri G , Muntalim  , Angwarmas B , Pamenang G D
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine ectoparasite helminth species, predilection, prevalence and intensity of attacks on Hybrid Grouper “Cantang” (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) from traditional ponds in Kampung Kerapu, Lamongan. This research is a survey with descriptive method. Hybrid Grouper “Cantang” samples were taken as many as 45 fish. Observations were made at the Anatomy and Fish Culture Laboratory, and Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Airlangga University, Surabaya. The result of this study, 25 of 45 Grouper were known to be infested. The ectoparasite helminth which infest the Groupers is Zeylanicobdella arugamensis which is a group of marine leech with a prevalence of 55.56 % so that it belongs to the very often category and the intensity of 11.32 ind/fish is classified in the moderate category. The distribution of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis predilection which infested Groupers was found most on the fins, 162 individual or 57.24 %.
Different Concentration of Rice Bran Suspension on Fecundity and Offspring Production of Each Moina macrocopa Broodstock
Authors: Ullimaz A , Nindarwi D D , Mubarak A S
Published: February 2020

M. macrocopaculture success is influenced by the quality and quantity of inoculant, media, and feed used. Rice bran contains protein, lipid, amino acids, and vitamin B that supportsM. macrocopareproduction. This study aimed to determine the relationship of different rice bran suspension concentration against the reproduction of M. Macrocopa and the optimum concentration of bran suspension that produced the highest fecundity and offspring production level. This study was conducted using completely randomized design experimental method containing six treatments with four replications, i.e 22 mg/L (P0), 29.7 mg/L (P1), 39.6 mg/L (P2), 49.5 mg/L (P3), 59.4 mg/L (P4), and 69.3 mg/L (P5). Results showed that different suspension concentrations of rice bran inM. macrocopainfluenced significantly (p < 0.05) against the fecundity and offspring production on each broodstock with the optimum rice bran suspension concentration of 69.3 mg/L, as it produced the highest fecundity and offspring production level ofM. macrocopa.
Biological activities of Indonesian mangroves obtained by subcritical water extraction
Authors: Pangestuti Ratih , Siahaan Evi Amelia , Untari Febriana , Chun Byung Soo
Published: February 2020

Mangroves are still considered as underexploited marine resources in Indonesia, and functional materials from Indonesian mangroves are not characterized yet. In this study, different part of mangroves (Sonneratia alba leaves - SAL, Sonneratia alba roots - SAR, Sonneratia alba fruit - SAF, Rhizhopora mucronata - RMF, Rhizhopora lamarckii - RLF) were hydrolyzed using the subcritical water extraction (SCWE) system at 120 ºC. Mangroves hydrolysates (SAL, SAR, SAF, RMF and RLF) were further analyzed for total protein, sugar, reducing sugar, saponin and flavonoid content. The antioxidant capacity and functional material contents including total sugar, reducing sugar, protein, flavonoid and saponin contents. The highest flavonoid and saponin contents were obtained from RLF with the value of 20.13±0.17 mg/g and 31.83±0.18 mg/g, respectively. The antioxidant capacity and antibacterial properties of mangroves hydrolysates varied significantly based on the sample materials, with RLF showing the highest total antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The results of our study suggest that tropical mangroves especially R. lamarckii could be valorized efficiently, as a source of bioactive material using subcritical water extraction
Viability of Tor fish spermatozoa (Tor soro, Valenciennes 1842) 48-hours cryopreservation: the effects of duck egg yolk as a natural cryoprotectant
Authors: Wulandari P D , Abinawanto  , Subagja J , Kristanto A H
Published: February 2020

Tor is endemic freshwater fish in Sunda, locally known as kancra or dewa, which inhabits rivers with clean and clear water quality. In local customary and cultural perspectives, it is sacred fish whose populations have persistently depleted into scarcity. Sperm cryopreservation is one of many techniques to maintain its survival from extinction by inducing breeding at the reproductive stage. This study was designed to determine the effects of duck egg yolk as a cryoprotectant on the viability of Tor fish spermatozoa after 48 hours of cryopreservation. It employed the stripping method to obtain the fish semen and used diluent solution consisting of fish ringer solution, 10% methanol, and duck egg yolk in various concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%), with 1:10 ratio of sperm to diluent solution. These samples were equilibrated at 5°C for 10 minutes, frozen at -10°C for 48 hours in a freezer, and then defrosted at 40°C for 1 minute. The One-way ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences (p <0.05), and the post-hoc Tukey test also showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05). Because the 10% duck egg yolk produced the highest viability (averagely 83.75±1.71%), this concentration is the best cryoprotectant for optimal Tor spermatozoa cryopreservation.
Probiotic enriched Daphnia sp: the nutritional profile and enzymatic activities
Authors: Riyani E , Yuniarti A , Hariati A M
Published: February 2020

Live food played an important role in aquaculture especially hatcheries. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of enriched different probiotic doses on total lenght, nutritional profile and enzymatic activities of Daphnia sp. This research used 3 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental treatments are 0, 5 and 10 ml L−1 and enriched period was 0, 12 and 24 hours. Probiotic consortia bacteria of Bacillus subtilis (107 CFU ml−1) and Lactobacillus casei (107 CFU ml−1) which is fermented by the addition of spices and molasses. Daphnia sp. was cultured in fresh water with a density of 20 ind ml−1. Observed parameters include total lenght, nutritional profile and enzymatic activities. The results showed that probiotic doses effect significantly different (p<0.05). In this research, the best performance enriched at 10 ml L−1 doses of probiotic and 12 hours incubation period included total lenght of 1.8 mm, and moisture, protein, lipid, ash amounted to 98.43±0.03, 42.72±0.3, 6.34±0.07, 11.72±0.39 %, protease and lipase activity were 21.92±0.90 U ml−1 and 0.82±0.06 U ml−1. Enriched Daphnia sp. has live food potential for hatcheries.
Enrichment of feed for growth of cantang grouper (E. fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) in floating cages
Authors: Afifah D D , Satyantini W H , Mukti A T , Cahyoko Y
Published: February 2020

Grouper (Epinephelus sp.) is one of the superior species in the development of marine culture in Indonesia which has high economic value and has become an export commodity. One of the factors that influence production results in aquaculture is feed. Good quality of feed is crucial for fish survival and growth. Therefore, the feed given to cultured fish must be able to meet all the nutrients needed. One way that can be used to improve nutrition in feed is enrichment. This study aims to determine the enrichment of feed on the growth of cantang grouper by addition multivitamins to the feed. Cantang grouper reared in two floating net cages; one is given artificial feed without enrichment and the other one with multivitamin enrichment. The multivitamin dose for enrichment is 0.3%. Sampling was carried out by measuring the weight and length of 10 fishes every seven days from each floating net cage. The growth of cantang grouper which was given a multivitamin enrichment in the feed showed a growth rate 2.53 grams/day, length of growth 0.055 cm/day, feed efficiency was 29.4% higher and FCR was 3.4 lower compared to the grouper without enriched feed.
Analysis degradation of mangrove vegetation in Tangerang District, Banten Province
Authors: Haryanti R , Fahrudin A , Susanto H A
Published: February 2020

Abstrak

One of the main coastal ecosystems of Tangerang Regency is the mangrove ecosystem is the mangrove ecosystem has numerous functions. However, this does not guarantee that it would not experience degradation and damage. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the level of mangrove ecosystem degradation in Tangerang Regency. The method used in this study is purposive sampling, whilst the measurement was performed through transect and non-transect methods with a reference to Indonesian National Standard Number 7717 year 2011. Data analysis in this study refers to calculations based on the Decree of the State Minister of Environment Number 201 year 2004 and Fauzi and Anna’s study in 2005. Results of this study indicated that the level of mangrove density of all village sites/stations in the category of rarely-damaged due to the fact that density values in all villages are below the range of 1,000 trees/ha. Meanwhile, the percentage value of mangrove cover is under the category of rarely-damaged to tightly-good. Even so, observation areas in Tangerang Regency are dominated by mangrove conditions in a rarely-damaged category. According to the analysis of the calculation of degradation level indicated mangrove ecosystem in Tangerang give trend in degradation categories.
Determination spesies flying fishes (exocoetidae) in makassar strait
Authors: Indrayani  , Sambah A B , Kurniawan A , Pariakan A , Jufri A , Wiadnya D G R
Published: February 2020

Exocoetidae have valid name 71 species, in Indonesia we found 18 species Makassar Strait is a potential area for catching flying fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the composition and distribution of flying fish species captured by gillnet. Flying fish data collection is conducted from March to May 2019. There are six species of flying fish collected. The results showed that in Makassar Strait, the species could be an identified of morphologic of flying fish is Hirundichthys oxycephalus, Cypselurus poecilopterus, Cheilopogon abeia, Cheilopogon spilopterus. Flyingfish was obtaining at latitude 117045’-118030’ ‘BT and 4030’BT - 3005’ LS during the study. There are expected to be reference literature as primary data for the management and sustainable use of flying fish in the Makassar Strait.
Potential stock of stony corals in Indonesia
Authors: Hadi T A , Giyanto  , Siringoringo R M , Budiyanto A , Johan O , Souhoka J , Abrar M , Sari N W P , Sadarun B , Prayudha B , Sutiadi R , Dzumalek A R , Sulha S , Suharsono
Published: February 2020

Indonesia is part of the coral triangle region which is known as the world’s highest marine biodiversity, including stony corals. This situation used to benefit local people by trading ornamental corals. The aims of this study are to investigate the potential stock of ornamental corals as well as the reef conditions. The study took place in Kendari, Luwuk, Sumbawa and Belitung where the ornamental coral-collecting activities used to occur. The result indicates there were approximately 110 species of corals found with the majority of coral status are common (harvest limited) and uncommon (harvest with cautions). Based on the juvenile existence, only 66 corals have potential stocks. Euphyllidae (Euphyllia glabrescens and Plerogyra sinousa) had the highest potential stock in Kendari and Luwuk, while Fungiidae (Fungia spp) held the highest potential stock in Belitung and Sumbawa. This difference is likely related to different locality or habitat type. In general, coral reefs in Kendari, Luwuk and Belitung are in good condition, while fair condition occurs in Sumbawa. To conclude, the stock of ornamental corals is still high and the reefs are generally good, suggesting the collecting activities may be allowed with proper quota and continuous monitoring habitat condition to ensure the sustainability.
Response of kutuklin hemaglutinin protein adhesion in koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) infected by Myxobolus sp.
Authors: Yanuhar U , Junirahma N S , Caesar N R , Musa M , Mahasri G
Published: February 2020

Koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) cultivation is quite easy to maintain if it can look carefully at fish health well. The Difficulty in maintenance due to parasitic attacks is Myxobolus sp., and this parasite is capable of causing death in fish. Treatment of parasites attached to koi fish can be done by giving chemicals such as Pyrethrum. This research aims to determine the reaction of kutuklin hemagglutination adhesin to koi fish infected by Myxobolus sp. The method used is an explorative and descriptive by conducting an In-Vivo test on koi fish. The treatment is, healthy fish without drug as a control, healthy fish with a drug dose of 1 µl/g feed, and fish were infected with a drug dose of 1 µl/g. Observation is done by taking fish blood plasma in each treatment. The results showed that kutuklin was able to contribute to treating Myxobolus sp. However, it cannot restore such a healthy state. This is indicated by high (up to 1/1024 dilution) in the hemagglutination (HA) test of koi fish blood plasma. So, that kutuklin can be used as an immune suppressor (immunosuppressor).
Effect of different filter media use on aquaponics system on ammonium (NH4
+), nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) concentrations of catfish (Clarias sp.) aquaculture
Authors: Lukmantoro T A , Prayogo  , Rahardja B S
Published: February 2020

Catfish cultivation has been carried out in Indonesia. One such development is the maintenance of catfish using an aquaponic system. Aquaponics aims to improve the water quality of fish farming with the help of plants. But plants cannot directly utilize fish farming waste directly, it is necessary to have a nitrification process first. Nitrification is the reformation of inorganic compounds into organic compounds with the help of bacteria. Nitrifying bacteria are colonized and non-motile bacteria, so a substrate is needed as a place to attach to the bacteria. The substrate that can be used is bioball and bioring. This study aims to determine whether the effect and filter media are effective in catfish farming with an aquaponic system. This study using the RAL method consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications, namely P0 = control, P1 = bioball, P2 = bioring and P3 = bioball and bioring combinations. The results obtained that P3 (bioball and bioring combination) is the most effective treatment in reducing the nitrogenous waste catfish aquaculture using an aquaponics system, the results is 0,000 mg / L ammonium, nitrite 0.001 mg / L and nitrate 13.0 mg / L at the end of the study.
Different addition of molasses on feed conversion ratio and water quality in catfish (Clarias sp.) rearing with biofloc-aquaponic system
Authors: Rahmatullah H D , Prayogo  , Rahardja B S
Published: February 2020

Biofloc system can overcome the problem on intensive system aquaculture by convert nitrogenous waste into microbial mass that can consumed by fish. Moreover, aquaponics systems that culture fish and plants also able to increase crop yields and improve water quality at the same time. Combination from those two system could create synergism to maximize the effects from both system. This study aims to determine the effect of molasses addition on feed conversion ratio (FCR) and water quality (TAN, nitrite and nitrate) of catfish rearing by biofloc-aquaponic system. This experimental study was carried out for 30 days using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments with five replications. Those four treatments are based on the difference in the amount of molasses added. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The results of this study indicate that the different addition of molasses is able to bring a positive effect on FCR and water quality in the catfish rearing using biofloc-aquaponic system with the lowest FCR obtained by P3 (1.33) and the lowest nitrogenous waste obtained by P2 but the FCR were not significantly different with P3.
Composition analysis of organic and inorganic waste and the impacts of coastal city in Palu-Central Sulawesi
Authors: Walalangi J Y , Lelono T D , Suryanto A M , Damar A , Effendi H , Susilo E
Published: February 2020

Organic and anorganic waste in Palu city has exceeded the capacity of the service and the existing waste management facilities so that waste piling up in landfills while (TPS), and locations of residential areas around the watershed that eventually the waste to the sea. Comprehensive research is needed to formulate the management of such waste. It is given because the higher the level of human activity residing in the city of Palu, has brought the issue of marine pollution in the Palu bay, namely through the waste dump along the Watershed (DAS) Palu which empties into the sea. It can be seen through the rubbish heaps of the sea at low tide, be it in the estuaries and bays along the coast of Palu. So far, the management of coastal waste less attention than the waste in the city. It is time for the attention given to the coastal environment is given the function of these coast systemic interplay of other ecosystems. Integrated management and the sustainable coastal environment will preserve it so that its function will be maintained properly and as intended. The success of this integrated waste management depends on community participation, as the main producer of waste.
Comparison of water quality and its influences on phytoplankton abundance based on water characteristics in coastal of Banyuwangi Regency, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Authors: Setyaningrum E W , Masithah E D , Yuniartik M , Nugrahani M P , Dewi A T K
Published: February 2020

Coastal waters of Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, Indonesia obtains water resources from residential areas, the fishing industry, the shipping industry in the surrounding area. This study aims to determine the influences of water quality on phytoplankton abundance, seen from differences characteristics of coastal waters of Banyuwangi. The research method is descriptive. Data collection technique is observation, with the required data including water quality parameters (Sn, PO4, Total Organic Matter, NO3, Cu Copper, DO, Water Temperature, Pb, Salinity, Alkalinity, pH, and NH4) and phytoplankton. The analysis used plankton abundance analysis calculated using the Lachlan modification formula (1982), and multiple regression analysis. The analysis result showed that the type of phytoplankton found was green algae Chlorella type and blue-green algae Oscillatoria type. The abundance of phytoplankton in the coastal area of Banyuwangi is around 12.5 - 513.75 ind/L, where it is included in the level of eutrophic phytoplankton abundance, which waters in a high fertility. There is an influence between water quality on the abundance of phytoplankton on the coast of Wongsorejo, Banyuwangi and Blimbingsari Districts. Whereas in Lampon (Pesanggaran subdistrict), water quality does not affect the abundance of phytoplankton.
Different concentration influence of Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract immersion against Argulus japonicus egg damage
Authors: Idris F , Kismiyati  , Mahasri G
Published: February 2020

Argulus japonicusis an ectoparasite that invades freshwater fish, causing ulceration and bleeding, besides opening the secondary infections access for bacteria, fungi, viruses and triggering fish death.A. japonicusefficient control can be done by cutting the ectoparasite life cycle, specifically the egg stage, using natural insecticide. One of the natural insecticides isM. oleiferaleaves as it has phytochemical contents, i.e., tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and toxic saponins for eggsA. japonicus. The study aimed to analyze the immersion effect ofM, oleiferaleaf aqueous extract under different concentrations againstA. japonicusegg damage and determine the optimal concentration ofM. oleiferaleaf aqueous extract that significantly damagedA. japonicusegg until 100%. This study used four aqueous extract treatment, namely 0% (A), 4% (B), 6% (C), and 8% (D) with five times repetitions. The results showed that each treatment had significant influence againstA. japonicusegg damage (P < 0.05). The lowestA. japonicusegg damage was found at A treatment, while the highest was at D treatment.M. oleiferaleaf aqueous extract can be utilized as a natural insecticide to disrupt the egg phase ofA. japonicuswith 8% concentration in aqueous extract.
The effect of distance of floating karamba on placement of phytoplankton abundance in coastal waters of Sathean Village, Langgur - Tual Regency
Authors: Isroni W , Bahri A S , Amin A A
Published: February 2020

The condition of water will also affect the distribution pattern or distribution of phytoplankton both horizontally and vertically, so that it will affect the abundance of phytoplankton which in turn affects the primary productivity value. The waters of Sathean Village are some floating net cages (KJA) owned by both the community and the company. The existence of economic activities in the waters of Sathean Village, it results in disruption of the balance of the aquatic environment which ultimately affects the growth of phytoplankton in these waters. The study was conducted using an experimental method with a factorial completely randomized design. The first research factor was the distance of KJA placement with 3 sub-factors, namely 26 m distance; 38 m; and 52 m. The second research factor is the depth of sampling consisting of 4 depths namely 0 m; 2 m; 4 m; and 6 m. The test is done 3 times. Station B, a distance of 38 m from the beach 38 from the beach with a sampling depth of 0m, 2m, 4m and 6m, and 3 replications. The main parameters observed were phytoplankton abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. Meanwhile, the supporting factor is water quality.
The effect of addition of fish bone meal on the concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in seaweed liquid organic fertilizer of Gracilaria sp.
Authors: Bhaskoro P T , Tjahjaningsih W , Mubarak A S
Published: February 2020

Gracilaria sp. contains macro and micronutrients needed by plants, such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and boron. Seaweed-based liquid organic fertilizer currently on the market has low phosphorus and potassium content. One ingredient that can increase phosphorus and potassium content is fishbone. This study aimed to determine the effect of fishbone meal addition to Gracilaria sp. liquid organic fertilizer on the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The method used in this study was the experimental method with four treatments and five replications on each treatment. These treatments were P0 (0% fish bone meal), P1 (25% fish bone meal), P2 (50% fish bone meal), and P3 (75% fish bone meal). The main parameters in this study were the concentration level of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The addition of fishbone meal increased nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentration. The highest nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents were found in the treatment with the addition of 75% fish bone meal, producing 0.69% nitrogen, 0.42% phosphorus, and 0.43% potassium content.
Isolation and identification of bacteria in gastrointestinal of eel (Anguilla bicolor) that has potential as probiotic
Authors: Lestari P , Suprapto D , Mahasri G
Published: February 2020

Antibiotic usage in aquaculture serves for the prevention and treatment of diseases but causes an accumulation of residues, and the development of resistant bacterial strains that demands the use of probiotics is increasing. The quality of fish not only seen on the weight of fish but also of bacteria associated with the digestive tract. Some types of bacteria found in the digestive tract of animals have an essential role in order to improve the utilization of feed, fish health, and improvement of environmental quality and microorganisms. The research aims to determine the type of bacteria that can be isolated and characterized from the gastrointestinal tract Anguilla bicolor and potential as a candidate probiotic bacteria. This study used data analysis with descriptively. The gastrointestinal tract is the intestine isolation and characterization of bacterial strains obtained. The observations made include morphological characters, hydrolysis tests (fat, starch, protein), and identification of each isolate. From the digestive tract, Anguilla bicolor found seven bacterial isolates based on the identification and competent to hydrolyze protein, fat, and starch consists of 3 species thought to be used as probiotics Anguilla bicolor are Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus plantarum.
Effect of fucoidan concentration from Sargassum sp. on skin lotion antioxidant activities
Authors: Putra R C D , Alamsjah M A , Sulmartiwi L
Published: February 2020

Fucoidan is a polysaccharide with complex sulfate groups that are found in the cell walls of brown seaweed, one is Sargassum sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of addition fucoidan from Sargassum sp. on the antioxidant activity of skin lotion and to determine antioxidant activity of skin lotion with the addition of antioxidants after storage. The method used was experimental with completely randomized design (RAL) with four treatments and five replications. The treatments used are: P1 (fucoidan 1 X IC50), P2 (fucoidan 2 X IC50), P3 (fucoidan 3X IC50) and Control (Skin lotion with green tea extract commercial).The antioxidant activity testis done with DPPH method. The results showed that the IC50 value of fucoidan extract were 1407.667 ppm. In the result of adding fucoidan on skin lotion prode result IC50 values P1, P2, P3 and Control in a row was 1709, 816, 645 and 314 ppm. While the IC50 value of skin lotion 30th day in a row was 1723, 825, 699 and 323 ppm. Based on these results, the skin lotion with fucoidan has a weak antioxidant activity because it had IC50 values above 200 ppm, while storage for 30 days can increase the value of IC50.
Correlation between water quality and prevalence on Koi (Cyprinus carpio) which infested by Argulus in Mungkid Subdistrict and Muntilan Subdistrict, Magelang Regency, Central Java
Authors: Yunikasari R D , Kismiyati  , Mahasri G
Published: February 2020

Koi (Cyprinus carpio) has an interesting added value which one of the most famous freshwater ornamental fish. There are a lot of factors which have to be faced when we were trying to cultivate or culture Koi; one of those factors is the disease. Ectoparasite is one factor that can be the decline on koi selling because the ectoparasite can reduce the selling point caused by the effect on koi. One of ectoparasite known as attack koi isArgulus. The purpose of this research to determine relations between water quality and the prevalence ofArguluson Koi (Cyprinus carpio). The research was conducted at Magelang, Central Java (on Mungkid’s and Muntilan’s region). Measurement of water quality was temperature, pH, DO, and ammonia. This research use survey method and take the sample with random sampling. The result of this research shown that the prevalence of Koi that infested byArgulusin Mungkid subdistrict are 30.77 %, and in the Muntilan sub-district are 55.17%. There was a positive correlation between water quality and the prevalence ofArgulusespecially at the temperature, which has a significant correlation. Higher temperatures will also increase theArgulusprevalence.
Effect of eggs immersion in tanin solution against embryonic development of common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Fauziah N , Masithah E D , Sulmartiwi L
Published: February 2020

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) is a freshwater fish that has great potential to be developed, because it have high nutritional content. The eggs carp that is cultivated naturally have a high mortality rate, almost 80. Tannins have the ability to bind and precipitate proteins the caused by the presence of a number of functional groups that will bond strongly with protein molecules interacted which in turn will generate substantial crosslinking and tannin-protein complex that. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soaking the eggs in a solution of tannin on the embryonic development of carp. Method used in this study using quantitative descriptive method. The results showed that the soaking time tannin solution can affect to the rate of embryonic development of common carp at each phase. In the treatment of 120 and 180 seconds embryos develop faster in the early phase and the final phase is slower than the control. This suggests that the tannin solution can Accelerate the development of the embryo in the early phase and the discovery of abnormal larvae hatch in the treatment of 180 seconds.
The effect of giving fermented rice bran suspension on fecundity and production of moina macrocopa offspring per parent
Authors: Damayanti K Y , Mubarak A S , Sari L A
Published: February 2020

The objectives of this research were: 1) determine the effect of fermented rice bran suspension concentration on the fecundity and production of M. macrocopa offspring per parent, 2) determine the optimal concentration of fermented rice bran suspension on the fecundity and production of M. macrocopa offspring per parent. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design consisting of six treatments of suspension of rice bran without fermentation (P0), 19.54 mg / L fermented rice bran suspension (P1), 21.98 mg / L fermented rice bran suspension (P2), 24.42 mg / L fermented rice bran suspension (P3), 26.68 mg / L fermented rice bran suspension (P4) and 29.30 mg / L fermented rice bran suspension (P5) in four replications for each. The results of the culture with a different concentration of rice bran suspension showed a significant difference (P <0.05) on the fecundity and production of M. macrocopa offspring per parent. The highest fecundity and production of M. macrocopa offspring per parent occurred in M. macrocopa culture with a concentration of fermented rice bran suspension of 29.30 mg / L (P5) with the fecundity 21-25 grains/parent and production of offspring 20-24 ind/parent.
Correlation between Osteoprotegerin Serum Levels and Arterial Stiffness Assessed by Cardio-ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Ariendanie A , Putranto J N E , Ranuh I G N I R
Published: February 2020

The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a newly developed clinical measurement for evaluating arterial stiffness from the origin of the aorta to the ankle. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is widely known as a vascular calcification mediator, which have a role to affect atherogenesis. Thirty subjects participated in this research and each subject underwent a CAVI examination to assess arterial stiffness and their blood samples were collected for OPG measurement. This study is analyzed with Pearson Correlation Test. There is a positive, strong and significant correlation between osteoprotegerin serum level and arterial stiffness using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) in hypertensive patients. (r = 0.730 and p <0,0001). There was a positive, strong and significant correlation between osteoprotegerin serum level and arterial stiffness using Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) in hypertensive patients.
Hypoxic Preconditioning Effect on the Expression of Intracellular Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 27, HSP 70 and HSP 90 on Cultured Adipocyte-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AMSCs)
Authors: Ghaznawie A F , Suryawan I G R , Andrianto A , Romdiyana A
Published: February 2020

New hope in the treatment of myocardial infarction has emerged by transplanting multipotent stem cells into the affected myocardium. Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) is expected to increase the survival cell potency by inducing upregulation of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) in Adipocyte-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AMSCs). This study aimed to investigate the roles of HPC in AMSCs to observe the in vitro expression of HSP27 as an ATP independent chaperone, and HSP70, HSP90 as an ATP dependent chaperone. This study is a true experimental randomized post-test design study. AMSCs were isolated from adipose tissue and cultured until there were four passages. The samples were then divided into two groups, HPC (O2 1%) and normoxia (O2 21%). Immunocytofluorescence techniques were used to evaluate the expression of HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90. Data were analyzed using a two paired t-test and Mann Whitney U test. There was a significant increase of HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 expression in HPC compared to the normoxia group (272,00±92,225 vs 86,19±26,362 p<0.0001; 130,88±45,416 vs 120,75±97,113 p<0.05; 165,75±58,930 vs 96,81±22,578). Hypoxic preconditioning significantly increased the expression of HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 on cultured AMSCs.
Hypoxic Preconditioning Effects of Bone Marrow-derived Culture Mesenchymal Stem Cells on CD31+ Expression, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors-a (VEGF-A) and Stromal-derived Sactors-1 Alpha (SDF-1α)
Authors: Muzakkir A F , Suryawan I G R , Yusrizal T
Published: February 2020

Increasing the ability of survival stem cells can be determined by assessing the state of hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) in stimulated cells. The assessment is carried out through bone marrow-derived stem (BMSCs) cultures obtained from the femoral bone marrow aspiration procedure (Wismar Rat). This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that there is CD31+ expression on HPC cultures; also, the concentration of VEGF-A and SDF-1α were higher in HPC than control. This research is designed as a laboratory experiment for a period of three months. Male Wistar rat (n = 16) was divided into 2 groups: P0 controls (21% [O2]) and P1 treatments (1% [O2]). Each sample was run into eight repetitions and observed for 48 hours. The stages in this study include isolation and culture of BMSCs, identification of phenotypic BMSCs based on the expression of cell-surface markers (CD105+, CD34−) and hypoxic exposure. After that, it was observed that the potential of angiogenesis in samples was based on CD31+ expression, the paracrine activity of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and stromal-derived factor-1 Alpha (SDF-1α). The results showed that there is no CD31+ expression on P1. A of VEGF-A and SDF-1⌑ were higher in P1 than P0.
Neglected Cases of Hypertension in Rural Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors on Adult Population
Authors: Mulia E P B , Prajitno S
Published: February 2020

Hypertension (HTN) is a significant health problem because of the high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In rural areas, awareness and health facilities are limited, and report on the prevalence and related risk factors of hypertension is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in the rural population in Indonesia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to adult subjects from a rural population in Jombang, East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected by interviews to obtain socio-demographic characteristic and risk factors. Blood pressure measurements were performed using a mercury sphygmomanometer. We enrolled a total of 121 adult subjects. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.8%. Among hypertensive patients, 83% of them do not seek nor receive any treatment. The prevalent risk factors of hypertension in this study were age more than 40 years old (OR=4.1; 95%CI:1.8-8.9), abdominal obesity (OR=2.7; 95%CI: 1.2-6.01), and smoking (OR=3.2; 95%CI: 1.4-7.1). From our study, the prevalence of hypertension was high in rural adult population, and most of them did not receive treatments. Smoking and abdominal obesity are two risk factors that can be modified as one of the prevention strategies. These phenomena requires the attention of health workers.
Contrast does not Affect Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell (AMSC) Proliferation
Authors: Soekarno G R , Suryawan I G R , Andrianto A , Valentidenta W M
Published: February 2020

In cardiology, stem cell therapy is currently being used. Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell (AMSC) is a cell culture expected to give a clinical improvement in patients. One of the methods to transfer the stem cell is cardiac catheterization assisted by contrast. There are no studies concerning the effect of contrast on proliferation or viability of stem cells. This study was designed to see the effect of contrast on the growth of AMSC culture in vitro. This research is an experimental post-test control group study. The samples were obtained from the thawing process at the Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD) Unair. The samples were cultured and checked immunohistochemically, divided into two groups, which are the treated group given iodixanol contrast and control group. The treated group was divided into se subgroups incubated 24 hours, which received 1mg/mL, 500µg/ml, 250µg/ml, 125µg/ml, 62.5µg/ml, 31.25µg/ml and 15.625µg/ml. AMSC proliferation was assessed by microtetrazolium (MTT) Cell Proliferation Assay and analyzed using T 2 free sample test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). MTT Cell Proliferation Assay showed no significant differences in AMSC proliferation on iodixanol contrast media compared to the control group. Iodixanol contrast does not affect AMSC proliferation.
Lower Gensini Score in Navy Personnel Compared to Civilians, rather than for Non-Commissioned Officers
Authors: Semita I G P G , Al-Farabi M J , Huda M F , Jovie B , Suryawan I G R
Published: February 2020

Studies had reported an increasing trend of coronary artery disease (CAD) cases in the navy population. However, the severity of the CAD among different navy ranks is yet to be studied. The Gensini scoring system is a popular and developed objective method to quantify the CAD severity through the coronary angiographic findings. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, researchers enrolled 171 patients referred to the Indonesian Navy Hospital of Dr. Ramelan who underwent elective coronary angiography between January 2019 and June 2019. Researchers divided the study population into five groups of civilians, enlisted, noncommissioned officers, new commissioned officers and middle-rank officers. Post-hoc least significant difference (LSD) test showed the average Gensini Score of civilian (41.54 ± 48.06) is higher than enlisted (13.37 ± 26.25; p=0.031), new-commissioned officers (13.21 ± 26.76; p=0.020), and middle-rank officers (21.23 ± 33.17; p=0.017), but not for non-commissioned officers (45.61 ± 42.62; p=0.657). Non-commissioned officers have a significantly higher Gensini Score than enlisted (p=0.027), new-commissioned officers (p=0.019) and middle-rank officers (p=0.023). This study concludes that the majority of Indonesian Navy personnel had a lower Gensini Score compared to civilians but not for non-commissioned officers. This study suggests that civilian and non-commissioned officers may have a higher risk of developing severe CAD.
Renal Artery Stenosis: The Challenging in Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Dewi I P , Mardiana N
Published: February 2020

Hypertension is still the most prevalent of non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. Renovascular hypertension is one type of secondary hypertension. It is commonly caused by the presence of renal artery stenosis (RAS). Whereas, atherosclerosis (ARAS) and fibromuscular disease (FMD) are the most common causes of RAS. Early diagnosis is necessary because it has the potential to be cured by eliminating stenosis of the renal artery. However, the signs and symptoms of renovascular hypertension are not specific. The supporting examination to diagnose RAS is also expensive. So, screening in the population at risk is needed. The examinations to prove the presence of RAS are arteriography, captopril renogram, renal ultrasonography, renal Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and computed angiographic tomography (CTA). Until now, three therapeutic modalities can be selected in the management of renovascular hypertension; pharmacological therapy, surgical intervention, percutaneous intervention angioplasty with and without stenting. This narrative review summarizes the literature focused on the diagnosis and therapy of RAS.
Fibrinogen and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol Levels with the Occurrence of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Is it Correlated?
Authors: Warno I S , Putranto J N E , Novitalia B
Published: February 2020

Fibrinogen is considered as a risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease, especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The role of increasing levels of fibrinogen in the thrombosis shows that there is an effect that causes the pathway to form a thrombosis. Increased plasma high-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can also induce the development of atherosclerosis and is associated with AMI events. This study was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional approach, carried out from August-November 2015 in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Samples were 67 subjects who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 67 subjects were assessed, 47 (70.15%) were males, and 20 (29.85%) were females. The mean age was 5.07 ± 11.02 years old, ranging from 30 to 85 years. AMI was diagnosed in 49 patients (26.87%). Management of AMI patients consisted of conservative medical therapy (42.86%), thrombolytic therapy (18.37%) and PPCI (38.77%). The statistical analysis revealed significant differences in plasma fibrinogen and LDL cholesterol levels between the AMI patient group and the control group. There was a significant correlation between fibrinogen levels and LDL cholesterol levels. Fibrinogen and LDL cholesterol levels are correlated with AMI risk factors. In subjects with AMI, there were higher fibrinogen and LDL cholesterol levels compared to non-AMI subjects.
Thrombolytic Therapy in Octogenarian Patient with STEMI at Buleleng General Hospital
Authors: Pasha M A , Susila I K
Published: February 2020

Coronary heart disease incidence in octogenarian keeps increasing in line with increasing population of elderly. In elderly, there were more non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients compared to the ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) ones. In elderly, thrombolytic therapy is thought to have higher bleeding incidence compared to cardiac intervention. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bleeding associated with thrombolytic therapy in octogenarian patients with STEMI during 2018 at Buleleng General Hospital. This is a descriptive retrospective study conducted on octogenarian patients with STEMI who received thrombolytic therapy. Additionally, bleeding incidence that occurred during treatment is also observed. In 2018, 62 octogenarian patients were admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). According to patient medical records, 16 patients were diagnosed with STEMI and six of them received thrombolytic therapy. Bleeding effect was recorded in all patients with details of two patients experienced oral mucosa bleeding and four patients experienced urinary tract bleeding. Out of all octogenarian patients with STEMI who were admitted, bleeding occurred in all patients in which urinary tract bleeding is the most common complication.
The Correlation Between Strain and Strain Rate Left Ventricle with Functional Capacity in Post Myocardial Infarction Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Muqsith M , Pikir B S , Rifqi M
Published: February 2020

Myocardial infarction (MI) may alter left ventricular (LV) systolic function, which, in turn, may reflect on functional capacity. Objective systolic function assessment using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography is promising to assess the correlation between LV longitudinal strain and strain rate with functional capacity in post-MI patients with heart failure. A cross-sectional study was done on 33 consecutive post-MI patients with class I-II NYHA heart failure visiting the cardiology outpatient clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. The resting echocardiogram was taken, followed by a treadmill stress test using Naughton protocol. Appropriate statistical analyses were used to determine the correlation of systolic longitudinal strain and strain rate with exercise capacity. Study subjects were 69.7% males with age 58.45±6.2 years old. EF by Biplane was 40.55±8.26%; with global peak longitudinal strain –12.23±5.19%, and strain rate – 0.67±0.25s−1; and peak exercise capacity 3.69±1.8 METs. Using Pearson’s test, there was a strong negative correlation of systolic longitudinal strain and strain rate with functional capacity (r = –0.577, r = –0.607respectively; p<0.05). LV systolic longitudinal strain and strain rate were strongly correlated with functional capacity in post-MI patients with heart failure.
Predicting the Likelihood for Severe CAD and CABG Indication on Elective Patients: Comparison of Novel CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF with CHA2DS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Score
Authors: Al-Farabi M J , Semita I G P G , Shonafi K A , Ramadhiani R , Jovie B , Andrianto A
Published: February 2020

Abundant scoring systems are available to assess the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its intervention. However, the majority of them require advanced technologies. CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF is a novel and simple risk scoring, easily used for screening in primary care level. We hypothesize that CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF is predictive for severe CAD and indicative for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Additionally, we compared its predictive value with CHA2DS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score. A total of 210 consecutive patients who underwent elective coronary angiography were enrolled in our study. Anthropometric, laboratory, angiographic findings, and patient history were obtained from medical records and used to calculate CHA2DS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score. Severe CAD is defined as Gensini Score >20. CABG indication was defined based on Class I recommendation from the American Heart Association (AHA). Statistical analyses were done using SPSS 25.0. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the CHA2DS2 score (AUC [Area Under the Curve], 0.630; 95% CI, 0.555–0.706; p = 0.001), CHA2DS2-VASc score (AUC, 0.680; 95% CI, 0.608–0.752; p=0.000), and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score (AUC, 0.785; 95% CI, 0.723–0.846; p=0.000) were predictive of severe CAD. CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score (AUC, 0.841; 95% CI, 0.711–0.971; p=0.00) were predictive of CABG indication. The CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score provides the highest predictive value for severe CAD and CABG indication compared to the CHA2DS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score, suggesting that CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score may be used in primary care settings to suggest referral for coronary angiography and predict CABG possibilities.