bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical basis for business process modeling on enterprises in terms of digitalization
Authors: Gubar Igor
Published: January 2025

The paper analyzes the existing theoretical knowledge on modelling business processes of an enterprise in the conditions of the development of digital technologies. The purpose of the article is to generalize the existing views on the definition of the term «business process» and to note certain common essential features inherent in business processes, which consist in the awareness of the purpose of their implementation, repeatability (cyclicity), formation in time-space, provision of a certain resource, effectiveness. In view of the consolidated classification of enterprise business processes developed by scientists, with which the author agrees and the reference to which is indicated in the article, the developed standards for their description were considered. Thanks to the rapid development of digital technologies, new possibilities and ways of processing, presenting, saving and using information are opening up. Due to the tools developed on their basis, it was possible to analyze the approaches and ways of building graphic models of business processes, created according to the methodology of structural analysis (SADT) with the use of modern digital tools such as the graphical modelling language BPMN. We came to the conclusion that by having an idea of the functional structure of an enterprise, the purpose of its activity, and the list and content of existing business process models, using modern digital business process modelling tools, it is possible to significantly optimize work and obtain better results of operational activity. The application of the specified toolkit provides an opportunity to determine the degree of development of the business process, the ability to make quick adjustments by making changes, eliminating deficiencies, and checking the effectiveness of the system at the modelling stage. This will ensure a higher level of competitiveness for an enterprise in modern digital conditions.
The Translation and Acceptance of Spanish Novels in China in the 20th Century
Authors: Zhou Zhengyi , Liu Xiabei
Published: January 2025

Spanish literature began to be introduced to China more than a hundred years ago. It has been eclipsed by the English and French literature that has been introduced to China over the centuries. Furthermore, it has been marginalized in the Chinese market, both in terms of the number of volumes published and the influence it exerts on readers. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that a change is occurring and that there is a growing interest in it, accompanied by the growing interest of Chinese people in Spanish literature and the development of Spanish literature itself. Currently, China is increasingly contacting the world, especially with the Spanish-speaking countries. Since China’s Reform and Open-up, with a more welcoming attitude, the work of translation activity was launched with ease. This paper takes the Spanish novel as a case study, examining the translation and adaptation of these works in mainland China during the twentieth century. It draws on data from the Institute of Cervantes in Peking and Shanghai to analyses the evolution of translation and reception of Spanish novels in China.
Nephroprotective Activity of Dialium guineense Aqueous Extract Against Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Damage in Rats
Authors: Nyarko Joshua Asante , Larbie Christopher , Sampene Ossei Paul Poku , Sedeafor Richard , Sarfo-Antwi Frederick
Published: January 2025

Kidney injury is a health problem that results in organ failure, subsequent dysregulation of body’s electrolytes and volume, and abnormal retention of nitrogenous waste. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nephroprotective activity of Dialium guineense aqueous extract against Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Damage in Rats. Kidney damage was induced in animals through intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7 mg/kg per day, (i.p.), on the 3rd day while oral administration of aqueous extract of Dialium guineense fruit pulp (ADF) at 100 mg/kg b.wt., 250 mg/kg b.wt, and 500 mg/kg b.wt. and Silymarin (at 100 mg/kg) was for seven consecutive days (Day 1 to Day 7). The nephroprotective potential was determined by measuring organ weight changes, serum biochemical markers (ALT, AST, creatinine, and urea), body electrolytes (Na, K, and Cl), and histopathological observations. The extracts had alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins. Rats treated with cisplatin showed significant increases in relative organ weights, ALT, ALP, creatinine, and urea levels. However, no significant difference was observed in body electrolytes after cisplatin induction or co-treatment with extract. Co-treatment with ADF at all doses, especially 100 mg/kg b.wt., significantly reversed these biomarkers to near-normal levels. Histopathological examination of the kidney confirmed the protective effects of ADF against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity damage, with ADF at 100 mg/kg b.wt showing the highest percentage nephroprotection. The results indicate that the aqueous extract of Dialium guineense fruit pulp has nephroprotective properties against cisplatin, which may be partly due to the phytochemicals present in the extract.
Bacterial Ecology and Bacterial Resistance Profile to Antibiotics in the Department of Medicine and Urology of the BSS University Hospital of Kati
Authors: CISSE Hamsatou , SANGARE Youba , TRAORE Abdramane , TOLO Nagou , KASSOGUE Amadou , DIAGNE Djeneba , SANOGO Cheick Oumar , KODIO Boureima , TRAORE Abdoulaye Mamadou , DABO Garan , PODA Ghislain , GUINDO Brehima , MINTA Daouda Kassoum
Published: January 2025

Background: The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat. Worldwide, one of the main causes remains the unreasonable use of antibiotics.

Objective: To map bacterial infections and the resistances profile of antibacterials at Kati University Hospital.

Methodology: Transversal analytical study with prospective collection over a period of 20 months in the department of general medicine and urology of the BSS University Hospital of Kati.

Results: 102 patients participated in this study with an average age of 55.5 years. Almost a quarter (72.5%) of participants were men. Less than half were patients aged 60 years. The biologics examined involved urine (78.4 %), pus (16%), blood (12.7%), stool (2%) samples. The main germs isolated were: Escherichia coli (52.9%); Klebsiella pneumonia (14.5%); Staphylococcus aureus (9.9%); Acinetobacter baumannii and Enteroccocus faecium (4.9%). The level of resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was high to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; cotrimoxazole; moderately elevated to C3G, and fluoroquinolones with relative sensitivity to aminoglycosides. Imifpenem, Amikacin, Ertapenème were the most active antibiotics. Staphylococci were resistant to penicillin, with ciprofloxacin and oxacillin. Thus, Acinetobacter baumannii had a high level of resistance to C3G, Ticarcillin, Cotrimoxazole and Piperacillin-tazobactam. Enteroccocus faecium had strong resistance to Cotrimoxazole and Ciprofloxacin.
Resistance Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Surfaces and Staff’s Hands in Bacteriology Laboratories in Togo, 2021
Authors: Halatoko Wemboo Afiwa , Bidjada Bawimodom , Sopoh Ghislain Emmanuel , Kpaïkpaï Pirenam , Issa Zoulkarneiri , Kassegne Amewouga , Akolly Koffi , Sadji Yao Adodo , Katawa Gnatoulma , Salou Mounerou , Karou Simplice Damintoti , Ouendo Edgard Marius
Published: January 2025

Background: Antimicrobial resistance involves the ineffectiveness of one or more antibiotics against an infection. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria kill 25.000 people per year in Europe.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the resistance profile of bacteria isolated from surfaces and staff’s hands in bacteriology laboratories in Togo.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place from June to December 2021 in all bacteriology laboratories in Togo. Swabs taken from the surfaces and the hands of the staff were immediately inoculated onto the agar media. After 24 hours of incubation, the isolated germs were identified by conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out for each bacterial isolate using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The frequencies of antibiotic sensitivity and resistance were calculated.

Results: A total of 112 strains were isolated from 291 samples of which, 27.8% were taken from staff’s hands. The predominant bacteria were Klebsiella spp 38.4%, Staphylococcus spp 26.8%, E. coli 11.6% and Acinetobacter spp 8%. Klebsiella spp strains were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20.9%), ceftazidim (11.6%), imipenem (2.3%) and ciprofloxacin (11.6%). Staphylococcus spp were resistant to penicillin G (90%), cefoxitin (30%), gentamicin (33.3%) and norfloxacin (20%). All staphylococci were sensitive to vancomycin. E. coli strains were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (38.4%), ceftazidim (15.4%) and ciprofloxacin (30.7%). Acinetobacter spp were resistant to piperacillin (11.1%), piperacillin-tazobactam (11.1%), ceftriaxone (11.1%) and ciprofloxcin (100%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to ticarcillin (100%), ceftazidim (100%), imipenem (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%) and sensitive to amikacin (100%).

Conclusion: Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp isolated from laboratory surfaces were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used in treatment of infections.
Epidemiological Profile of Buruli Ulcer and its Management at the Buruli Ulcer Detection and Treatment Center (CDTUB) in Pobè, Republic of BENIN
Authors: Nicolas AIKOU , Amadou COULIBALY Founzégué , HOUINSOU Aimé Mahoulidji , Rosen GNANGLE , ML AIKOU Nadine , NE AIKOU Arielle , Cyriaque DEGBEY , Lamine Said BABA-MOUSSA , Haziz SINA
Published: January 2025

Background: The first clinical description of a new necrotizing skin disease appeared in 1948 with the work of Peter MacCallum. In fact, the latter described the causative agent for the first time by discovering acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in a biopsy taken from a leg ulcer in a child from Bairnsdale (Australia) in 1940. He would also publish eight years later his detailed report on six patients with ulcers on their arms or legs due to this new mycobacterial infection. However, the bacteria responsible for this necrotizing skin disease was not named in the original publication; the name Mycobacterium ulcerans would not be proposed until 1950 by Frank Johannes Fenner [1].

However, this disease was already known in Africa before 1948: suspected cases of Mycobacterium ulcerans infections were reported as early as the middle of the 19th century. The detailed description of the infection mentioned by the explorer James Augustus Grant in his book "A walk across Africa" in 1864 is currently considered the first reported case of Buruli ulcer. Sir Robert Cook had also described extensive ulcers in patients in Uganda as early as 1897, almost certainly caused by M. ulcerans [2]. In addition, between 1923 and 1935, a missionary doctor in northeastern Congo (formerly Zaire), named Kleinschmidt, also observed skin lesions with sunken edges containing numerous acid-fast bacilli [3]. In 1960, numerous cases occurred in Buruli County in Uganda (now Nakasongola District), hence the most commonly used name for this disease, Buruli ulcer [4]. Currently, Buruli ulcer is reported in at least 33 countries in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of Africa, South America and the Western Pacific. Very recently, a first case of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection was also reported in Jordan [5]. It is noteworthy that West and Central African countries, such as Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo, account for most of the reported cases (Figure 1). On the other hand, cases reported in Australia and Japan, countries with moderate non-tropical climates, have raised the interest of scientists in the biology of the bacteria responsible for the disease: different strains of M. ulcerans in different continents have been identified [6]. Every year, more than 7,000 people are infected with Buruli ulcer, making it the third most common mycobacterial infection [7] the most common in humans after tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and leprosy (Mycobacterium leprae).
Optimization of Tobacco Warehouse Temperature to Reduce Defects in Hand-Rolled Kretek Cigarette Products at PT XYZ
Authors: Margaretha Natasha , Ekawati Yurida , Oktiarso Teguh
Published: January 2025

The quality of tobacco is a critical component in cigarette production, with moisture content standards ranging from 18% to 19% to prevent production issues caused by tobacco being too dry or too moist. At PT XYZ, a cigarette manufacturing company, storage room temperature was identified as a key factor affecting tobacco moisture content. This study aimed to determine the optimal storage room temperature to maintain tobacco quality using quality control techniques and experimental design. A correlation test revealed a very strong negative relationship (91.812%) between storage room temperature and tobacco moisture content. Using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and a one-way ANOVA test, the analysis showed that the storage room temperature significantly impacted moisture content. The optimal temperature for maintaining tobacco quality was found to be 21˚C. These findings underscore the importance of precise temperature control in ensuring tobacco quality, contributing to improved production processes and product consistency in the cigarette industry.
Improving Machine Efficiency at PT PID Ongkowidjojo
Authors: Prameswari Maria Immaculata , Noya Sunday , Purnomo Purnomo
Published: January 2025

This study aims to enhance equipment effectiveness in the primary cigarette manufacturing process at PT. PID Ongkowidjojo, focusing on Stage 3, a critical production phase with significant downtime due to equipment failures. Using Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the research identified nine key failure modes affecting interconnected machines. Based on these findings, targeted improvements were implemented, including scheduled maintenance, real-time monitoring, periodic cleaning, and spare parts inventory management. As a result, the OEE value increased from 50.52% to 56.57%, driven by improvements in Availability (71.07% to 79.22%) and Quality Rate (92% to 93.36%), despite a slight decline in Performance Rate (77.20% to 76.25%). This study highlights the importance of integrating OEE and FMEA methodologies to reduce downtime and address equipment inefficiencies. By tackling the Six Big Losses, particularly equipment failures, this approach offers actionable insights for maintaining operational efficiency and fostering continuous improvement in manufacturing systems.
LITERATURE REVIEW: KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA PRODUK E-COMMERCE
Authors: Rahman MArief , Monica Agnes , Achmad Yunita
Published: January 2025

Studi literatur ini menyajikan sintesis hasil penelitian mengenai kualitas layanan dan kepuasan pelanggan pada platform e-commerce Shopee. Dalam melibatkan berbagai aspek seperti kualitas layanan website, kemudahan penggunaan, keamanan website, citra merek, dan kepercayaan, penelitian-penelitian ini memberikan gambaran yang mendalam tentang faktor-faktor krusial yang memengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan. Analisis terhadap data dari lima penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kualitas layanan dan citra merek memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan pada kepuasan pelanggan, sementara kepercayaan juga memainkan peran kunci dalam membentuk loyalitas. Meskipun demikian, variasi pengaruh variabel tersebut menjadi catatan penting. Kesimpulannya, strategi bisnis e-commerce, terutama di platform Shopee, perlu memperkuat aspek-aspek tersebut untuk menciptakan pengalaman pelanggan yang positif dan meningkatkan loyalitas. Studi literatur ini memberikan kontribusi berharga bagi praktisi bisnis dan peneliti dalam konteks e-commerce di era digital.
PENGARUH ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN NORU COFFEE DI BUKITTINGGI
Authors: Putra Rahmad Yunendri , Heikal Jerry , Ningsih Andria , Amelia Dona
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pembentuk eWOM dan pengaruhnya terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Noru Coffe. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eskplanatori kuantitatif dengan menerapkan Analisis Binary Logistik. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat sampel sejumlah 100 orang dengan kriteria masyarakat umum yang sudah melakukan pembelian pada Noru Coffee. Setelah menerima informasi mengenai Noru Coffee melalui electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) yang tersebar pada situs jejaring sosial Instagram. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada 3 buah faktorÂ  yakni: Faktor Expressing Positive Feelings, Faktor Platform Assistance, dan Faktor Concern For The Others. Dari ketiga faktor tersebut hanya faktor Platform Assistance memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian, dan Faktor Paltform Assistance yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian.
Â 
Â
Motivación Académica y Disortografía en estudiantes de educación superior de Lima
Authors: Aguayo-Melendez Aldo
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación se sustenta en las dificultades y limitaciones evidenciadas en la redacción ortográfica y normativa por ello, se buscó relacionar la motivación académica con los niveles de disortografía en estudiantes de educación superior. Se empleó una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance correlacional y diseño transversal, y se aplicó dos cuestionarios con medición ordinal, validados y confiables (,821 y ,930, respectivamente) a 176 estudiantes de universidades e instituto tecnológico seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico e intencional, donde el 72.2% son mujeres y el 81.2% se ubican en el rango de 17 a 26 años. Entre los resultados estadísticos, se evidencia la relación entre la disortografía con las dimensiones: a) motivación intrínseca (- .463) y b) extrínseca (- .430) lo que reflejan correlaciones inversas, es decir, mientras más motivación intrínseca o extrínseca, menor disortografía presentan los estudiantes. Además, la motivación académica se relaciona con la disortografía: a) cultural (- .443) y con la b) dinámica (- .502) lo que evidencia correlaciones inversas, mientras más disortografía cultural y dinámica, menor motivación. Por ello, se concluye que ambas variables se relacionan de manera inversa (Rho=-.437) ya que los estudiantes con mayor nivel de disortografía evidencian menor motivación académica en este contexto educativo.
The Implementation of Application-Based Learning Media Canva in Increasing Students' Interest of Class VIII Christian Religious Learning at Marisi Medan Private Middle School
Authors: Siringoringo Widi L. , Munthe Bangun , Bangun Bangun
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to see how the implementation of learning media based on the Canva application increases students' interest in learning in Christian religious learning in Class VIII SMP Marisi Medan with a total of 26 people. This research uses a descriptive method, while the data analysis carried out by hypothesis research is product moment person correlation and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. From the test results, a correlation (r) of 0.63 was obtained with a determination test of 39.69% and to determine whether the correlation coefficient was significant at the real level (a) = 0.05 then a "t" test was conducted with the testing criteria if tcount obtained from the calculation is greater (>) than ttable at a significance level of 1-0.05 with dk= n – 2 then the hypothesis is accepted and in other cases it is rejected. From the test results obtained tcount > ttable (3.98 > 1.71), then the hypothesis is accepted. Thus, a significant relationship can be found between the implementation of learning media based on the Canva application in increasing students' interest in learning in class VIII Christian religious education subjects at Marisi Medan Private Middle School.
Keywords: Canva Learning Media, Learning Interests, Canva Learning Media, Learning Interests
From Parish to Board: Schooling on the Isle of Lismore, 1866–1890
Authors: Bath Caroline
Published: January 2025

The Argyll Commission was set up in 1864 with Alexander Nicolson as assistant commissioner reporting back on education provision in the Hebrides. The Education (Scotland) Act of 1872 followed this, aiming to bring continuity to education in Scotland by creating a common countrywide system to replace the parish schools and (dis)array of different private and charitable provision. This article explores what, if any, effect this legislation had on schools in the small Inner Hebridean island of Lismore. The study utilises school logbook entries made at the main school during the relevant period, and it contextualises these alongside parallel school logs preserved from other Hebridean island and rural communities. The study is framed with attention to the historiography of spatial history and as such it also draws on other local documentary sources to identify specific features of island life on Lismore which influenced education during the period. The article concludes that the social history of the period was the dominant factor to affect education, alongside the influence and longevity of a particular schoolteacher. Thus, despite greater bureaucratic accountability, the article concludes that there was evidence of significant continuity in Lismore schooling as it moved from the parish to the board system.
The Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Aortic Valve- Mitral Valve Calcification in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Külekçioğlu Sevinç , Guven Hakan , Dursun Aydın , Başel Mehmet Cem
Published: January 2025

Objective: Osteoporosis and heart valve calcification (HVC) are common diseases that cause serious morbidity and mortality in the aging population. Our study was planned to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis and HVC in postmenopausal women.
Methods: Postmenopausal patients aged 50-75 years who had bone mineral density (BMD) and echocardiography (ECO) within the last year were included in the study, and lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) BMD measurements and ECO measurements were evaluated. BMD measurements were grouped as normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Patients with and without HVC were compared according to the presence of osteopenia and osteoporosis.
Results: A total of 77 postmenopausal women were included in the study. HVC was detected in 38 (49.4%) of them. Only aortic valve calcification (AVC) was detected in 33 patients, only mitral valve calcification (MVC) was detected in 20 patients, and both AVC and MVC were detected in 15 patients. Of the 33 patients with AVC, 25 had LS osteopenia/osteoporosis (OO) and 24 had FN OO. Of the 20 patients with MVC, 15 had LS OO and 15 had FN OO. In conclusion, we found that low bone mass has an independent and negative effect on HVC in postmenopausal women. We speculated that there may be a common pathophysiological mechanism for low BMD and HVC. Conlusion: We concluded that postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis should be warned and referred for early diagnosis of HVC.
Voleybol Alanında Yazılmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Can Mustafa , Afyon Yakup Akif
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki Voleybol konusunda yazılmış lisansüstü tezlerin konu, yöntem ve veri analiz teknikleri açısından incelemek ve değerlendirmektir. Çalışmanın evrenini 2014-2024 yılları arasında yazılan Voleybol alanındaki yüksek lisans ve doktora tezleri oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmış ve 9 farklı kritere göre değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler YÖK Ulusal Tez Veri Tabanında arşivlenen lisansüstü tezlerden elde edilmiştir. Taramalar sonucunda yüksek lisans tezlerinin doktora tezlerine göre daha fazla olduğu ve voleybol konusunda yazılan tezlerin diğer yıllara göre en fazla 2023 yılında yazıldığı belirlenmiştir. Konuyla ilgili en çok “Gazi Üniversitesinde’’ çalışmaların yapıldığı ve Beden Eğitimi ve Spor dalında diğer anabilim dallarına göre konunun daha çok tercih edildiği görülmektedir. Tezler de danışman olarak daha çok Doç. Dr. unvanına sahip öğretim üyelerinin görev aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerin yazım dilinin yalnızca yedisinin İngilizce, birinin Başkurtça, birinin Azerice olarak yazıldığı görülürken 552 tezin ise Türkçe olarak yazıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Genelde nicel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği ve veri toplama tekniği olarak da en çok anket yönteminden yararlanıldığı görülmektedir. Örneklem büyüklüğü olarak 1-100 kişi tercih edildiği ve bir çalışmanın da örneklem büyüklüğünün bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Osteoporoz Konusunda Türkiye'de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Keles Onal Asli , Kantar Ahmet , Aydın Arda
Published: January 2025

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye' de osteoporoz konusunda yapılan lisansüstü tezleri tematik ve metodolojik açıdan incelenmesidir.
GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: İncelenen tezler YÖK tez internet sitesi arama bölümüne “osteoporoz“ yazılarak bulunmuştur. Tez başlığında “osteoporoz” kelimesi geçen tüm lisansüstü tezler listelenmiştir ve iki araştırmacı tarafından detaylı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Dokuman incelemesi yöntemiyle tezler araştırılmış olup bu sebeple etik kurul onayı alınmamıştır.
BULGULAR: Mart 2024 yılına kadar yapılmış olan toplam 420 osteoporozla ilgili tez değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. İncelenen tezlerin %74,8 tıpta uzmanlık, %14,3 yüksek lisans, %8,6 doktora, %2,4 diş hekimliğinde uzmanlık amaçlı yapılmıştır. Tezlerin %79,5’ inin tamamına erişilebildiği görülürken %20,5’inin sadece özetine ulaşılabilmektedir. Tezlerin %97,9’unun devlet üniversitelerinde, %2,1’inin vakıf üniversitelerinde yapıldığı görülmektedir. Tezlerin planlandığı bölüm olarak değerlendirme yapıldığında ilk sırayı %29’luk bir oranla fiziksel tıp ve rehabilitasyon bölümü alırken ikinci sırayı dahiliye üçüncü sırayı ise aile hekimliği bölümü bulunmaktadır.
SONUÇ: Tezlerin %29’unun fiziksel tıp ve rehabilitasyon bölümünce yapıldığı, çalışmaların çoğunun kesitsel olarak planlandığı görülmektedir. Tezlerin konuları arasında ise en az egzersizin araştırıldığı görülmüştür.
Biomolecule screen identifies several inhibitors of Salmonella enterica surface colonization
Authors: Headrick Joseph , Ohayon Amital , Elliott Shannon , Schultz Jacob , Mills Erez , Petersen Erik
Published: January 2025

Salmonella enterica is a foodborne pathogen commonly found in agricultural facilities; its prevalence, as well as increasing levels of disinfectant- and antibiotic-resistance, has significant costs for agriculture as well as human health. In an effort to identify potential new inhibitors of S. enterica on abiotic surfaces, we developed a biomolecule screen of nutrient-type compounds because nutrients would have lower toxicity in animal facilities and bacterial nutrient utilization pathways might prove less susceptible to the development of bacterial resistance. After screening 285 nutrient-type compounds, we identified ten that significantly inhibited the ability of S. enterica to colonize a plastic surface. After conducting a dose-response curve, salicylic acid was selected for further testing due to its low minimal inhibitory concentration (62.5 μM) as well as a low total inhibitory concentration (250 μM). Salicylic acid was also able to inhibit surface colonization of a wide range of bacterial pathogens, suggesting that our biomolecule screen might have broader application beyond S. enterica. Finally, we determined that salicylic acid was also able to inhibit S. enterica colonization of an organic surface on eggshells. Together, these results suggest that nutrient-type biomolecules may provide an avenue for preventing resistant bacteria from contaminating surfaces.
Establishment of fingerprint of phenolic compounds in Semen Ziziphi Spinosae and study on the spectrum-effect relationship based on different preceding cropping areas
Authors: Jiang Junfeng , Luo Jun , Zheng Wenyu , Liu Jiayi , Jiang Hui , Wu Cuiyun , Bai Hongjin
Published: January 2025

As an agricultural planting practice, preceding cropping can not only enhance soil fertility and reduce pests and diseases but also boost crop yield and quality. In this study, SZS samples from different preceding cropping areas were selected as research subjects. Phenolic compounds were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and antioxidant activities were assessed based on free radical scavenging effects. Variety differences were explored through chemical pattern recognition, and the spectrum-effect relationship between the fingerprint spectra of SZS and antioxidant activity was investigated using Pearson correlation analysis, grey relational analysis, and other methods. A total of 17 peaks were observed, among which 4 peaks were identified. They are gallic acid, catechin, spinosin, and scutellarin. The 22 SZS samples could be categorized into 3 groups, with cluster analysis and principal component analysis results being largely consistent. Spinosin, a marker compound of SZS, is a crucial contributor to the total antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the spectrum-effect relationship between phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of SZS was established, and the main characteristic components affecting antioxidant activity were identified, providing a reference for the quality evaluation of SZS and the development of its products.
Practical measurement for equity and justice
Authors: Takahashi Sola , Sandoval Carlos , Jackson Brent , Cunningham Jahneille , Taylor Curtis
Published: January 2025

What does it mean and how does it look for practical measurement - a cornerstone of improvement science methods - to support equity and justice in schools? Practical measures are not, in themselves, a “silver bullet” that will make school systems more equitable and just, but we propose that they may support ways of reflecting on and understanding the current system that lead to shifts in organizational routines. This author proposes 5 measurement routines that may position practical measurement as a resource for more equitable and just organizational processes. These are: (1) Attending to and reflect on day-to-day practices and processes for equity and justice; (2) Identifying instructional moves teachers can test to advance equity and justice; (3) Positioning students to take ownership over the learning environment; (4) Developing interpretations of how identity shapes/ is shaped the learning environment; (5) Surfacing and building on minoritized students’ strengths. These five measurement routines are examined in the context of a practical measurement development effort between WestEd and the CARE Network at the High Tech High Graduate School of Education. This collaboration led to the development of a practical measure focused on the experience of status hierarchies in math classrooms. The authors consider teachers’ uptake and use of these tools relative to the five routines of measurement for equity and justice.
Continuing education program and its relationship with the mental health of engineering faculty members
Authors: Nava-Manzo Josué Omar , Beltran-Sanchez Jesus Alfonso , González-Treviño Irma Marcela , Dominguez Angeles
Published: January 2025

Engineering education is complex and demanding. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a sudden shift from face-to-face to virtual teaching modalities, highlighting the need for robust university continuing education programs. This caused professors to invest more hours in attending training, which added to the stressors of the profession and those caused by the global situation and could add to the appearance of mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, stress, or burnout. This research aims to explore the relationship between continuing education programs and the prevalence of mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout among faculty members. Utilizing a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design, the study involved 307 professors from the School of Engineering and Sciences at a private university in northeastern Mexico. Tools included a burnout scale, a stress scale, an anxiety scale, and a self-report depression scale. Findings suggest that faculty members dedicate an average of 20 h per semester to training programs. Although no significant gender differences in training hours were observed, perceived intensity differed with educational level and contract type, suggesting that continuing education programs impact faculty mental health variably. The study concludes a statistically significant relationship exists between stress, anxiety, burnout, and continuing education programs; but the magnitudes are too low to make generalizations. However, it was found that excessive time commitment is a factor that is detrimental to mental health; therefore, it is essential that training programs, in addition to meeting institutional and operational needs, also consider controls that promote the well-being and mental health of teachers. In this sense, continuing education programs contribute to professional growth and can also be a crucial component in the prevention and mitigation of mood disorders among teachers.
β-receptor blocker enhances anti-tumor immunity via inhibiting lactate-induced norepinephrine metabolism of macrophages during malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Zhang Ru , Wang Weijia , Li Aitian , Wang Huishang , Liu Xiaoyan , Fan Feifei , Wang Ying , Zhang Huanyu , Chang Jingxia , Zhang Yinyin , Wang Hongmin , Miao Lijun , Huang Bo , Yang Li , Zhang Yi
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is associated with poor quality of life and mortality in patients with tumors. In clinical practice, we observed that patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and concurrent heart disease exhibited a decrease in MPE volumes following treatment with β-receptor blockers for heart disease. Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment was found to play a substantial role in the progression of MPE, and mainly attributed to tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, whether β-receptor blockers improve MPE through affecting the immune microenvironment especially TAMs and the potential mechanism behind remains unclear.

Methods

In this study, we collected the MPE samples from MPE and heart disease patients treated with propranolol, and performed flow cytometry experiment to evaluate the effect of propranolol on MPE immune microenvironment. Then, the mechanism that how propranolol effectively reprogrammed the immunosuppressive microenvironment of MPE was conducted by the experiments of mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, etc. Lastly, to further evaluate the effect of propranolol on MPE therapy in vivo, we developed a mouse model of MPE. We administrated propranolol into MPE-bearing mice to investigate the therapy efficacy and the changes of MPE microenvironment by the experiments of computed tomography (CT) scanning, flow cytometry, etc.

Results

We observed that propranolol treatment in MPE patients with heart disease decreased TAM frequency and immunosuppression and enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Macrophages in MPE exhibited an immunosuppressive phenotype via the activation of norepinephrine metabolism. Subsequently, we found that lactate was increased in MPE and may contribute to an increase in TAM frequency and inhibition of anti-tumor immunity by macrophages. Additionally, lactate triggered phenylalanine/norepinephrine signaling and further induced macrophage immunosuppression in an ERK-depended way. Lastly, in the MPE mouse model, propranolol inhibited MPE development and reversed the immune microenvironment of MPE.

Discussion

Here, we reveal the mechanism by which lactate induces macrophage immunosuppression via activating phenylalanine/norepinephrine signaling. Our findings highlight that blocking norepinephrine signaling by β-receptor blockers is an attractive therapeutic strategy to enhance anti-tumor immunity in the context of MPE
Ecological validity and inclusivity in heritage bilingualism research: Examining objective and subjective Spanish proficiency assessments and language experience factors
Authors: Luque Alicia , Koronkiewicz Bryan , Issa Bernard , Faretta-Stutenberg Mandy , Bowden Harriet Wood
Published: January 2025

The multidimensional nature of bilingualism demands ecologically valid and inclusive research methods that can capture its dynamism and diversity. This is particularly relevant when assessing language proficiency in minoritized and racialized communities, including heritage speakers (HSs). Motivated by a paradigm shift in bilingualism research, the present study joined current efforts to establish best practices for assessing language proficiency among bilingual individuals accurately and consistently, promoting ecological validity and inclusivity. Specifically, we examined the reliability and validity of objective and subjective proficiency assessments ubiquitously used in second language (L2) and bilingualism research to assess Spanish proficiency, within a sample of HSs of Spanish in the United States (US). We also sought to understand the relationships between these proficiency assessments and a subset of heritage language (HL) experience factors. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the reliability and validity of these proficiency assessments and their relationship with HL experience factors with HSs of Spanish in the US in a multidimensional way. Forty-three HSs of Spanish completed the Bilingual Language Profile questionnaire, including self-reports of proficiency and information about HL experience and two objective proficiency assessments: a lexical decision task, namely the LexTale-Esp, and a vocabulary and grammar task, often referred to as the “Modified DELE”. Our findings revealed high internal consistency for both objective proficiency assessments and medium correlations between them, supporting their reliability and validity. However, our results also revealed inconsistent relationships between subjective proficiency assessments and HL language experience factors. These findings underscore the dynamic interplay between these HSs' objective and subjective proficiency, and HL experiences and use across different contexts. Additionally, they highlight the limitations of relying on any single proficiency assessment, aligning with previous research that emphasizes the need for multidimensional proficiency assessments and language experience factors to capture the dynamic and diverse nature of bilingualism. By critically evaluating the reliability and validity of existing objective and subjective proficiency assessments alongside HL experience factors, our study aims to shed light on the best practices of assessing language proficiency among bilingual individuals, specifically HSs of Spanish in the US, in an ecologically valid and inclusive manner.
Impacts of survey design on a Gulf of Mexico bottom longline survey and the transition to a unified, stratified - random design
Authors: Hendon Jill M. , Hoffmayer Eric R. , Pollack Adam G. , Mareska John , Martinez-Andrade Fernando , Rester Jeff , Switzer Theodore S. , Zuckerman Zachary C.
Published: January 2025

The Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program (SEAMAP) Bottom Longline (BLL) survey was established to provide a nearshore complement to the offshore National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) BLL survey. SEAMAP state partners (i.e., Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama) used identical gear and sampling protocol to NMFS; however, temporal window, sampling universe, sampling frequency, and station selection were determined independently by each state based on available resources and capabilities. Although each state collected high quality data, the lack of a unified design complicated the efforts to combine state partner data to develop an index of abundance for stock assessment purposes. To improve the value of the survey and prioritize the quality and utility of the resultant data, the SEAMAP BLL survey was modified to implement a unified design that included consistency in spatial coverage and sampling frequency, and proportional allocation of sampling effort. Data from the early (2008-2014) and modified (2015-2021) SEAMAP BLL surveys, and from the modified SEAMAP and NMFS surveys were compared to determine the effects of this unified design on data precision. Overall catch composition slightly differed between the early and modified SEAMAP BLL surveys; however, taxa with declined abundance under the modified SEAMAP BLL survey were adequately sampled by the complementary NMFS BLL survey. Size composition was compared for three managed species. The size composition of Atlantic Sharpnose Sharks and Blacktip Sharks differed significantly between the modified SEAMAP BLL survey and the NMFS BLL survey, indicating that the modified survey is indeed providing complementary data. Further, implementing the modified design reduced the coefficient of variation for the indices of abundance for both Blacktip Sharks and Red Drum. The evolution of this survey highlights the benefit of unifying survey designs that build upon existing efforts to enhance the utility of survey data for multiple applications.
Sulforaphane as a promising anti-caries agents: inhibitory effects on Streptococcus mutans and caries control in a rat model
Authors: Yu Meijiao , Chen Yu , Dong Sishi , Chen Zhongxin , Jiang Xuelian , Wang Yufei , Zhang Linglin
Published: January 2025

Dental caries has been one of the most prevalent diseases globally over the last few decades, threatening human oral and general health. The most critical aspect in caries control is to inhibit the dominant cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Sulforaphane (SFN), a compound found in a wide range of cruciferous plants, has demonstrated bacteriostatic activities against various pathogenic bacteria. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of SFN on S. mutans though both in vitro and in vivo experiment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against S. mutans was determined at 256 μg/mL. The growth of S. mutans and the biofilm formation were inhibited by SFN in a dose-dependent manner through suppressing the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) and acid production, as well as decreasing the acid tolerance. Meanwhile, SFN significantly weakened the cariogenic properties of S. mutans at sub-inhibitory concentrations, which were further illustrated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Moreover, SFN were found to inhibit quorum sensing (QS) by downregulate comCDE system in S. mutans. Further investigation using a rat caries model displayed a prominent caries control in the SFN-treated group with no observed toxicity. The notable results demonstrated in this study highlight the potential of SFN as a natural substitute for current anti-caries agents, while also providing valuable insights into the potential applications of SFN in caries control.
Swift and portable detection of soybean mosaic virus SC7 through RNA extraction and loop-mediated isothermal amplification using lateral flow device
Authors: Guo Shui-Xian , Zhang Qing , Bai Nan-Nan , Yue Pei-Yao , Niu Jing-Ping , Yin Cong-Cong , Yue Ai-Qin , Du Wei-Jun , Zhao Jin-Zhong
Published: January 2025

The soybean mosaic disease—caused by the soybean mosaic virus (SMV)—significantly impacts soybean quality and yield. Among its various strains, SMV-SC7 is prevalent in China. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis is deemed critical to mitigate the spread of SMV-SC7. In this study, a simple and rapid magnetic bead-based RNA extraction method was optimized. Furthermore, a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay that requires no specialized equipment such as PCR Amplifier was proposed, employing a lateral flow device (LFD) for visual interpretation of SMV-SC7. The RT-LAMP-LFD approach facilitated specificity testing of SMV-SC7. Moreover, the limit of detection (LOD) of this method was as low as 10−5 ng (2.4 copies). The sensitivity of RT-LAMP-LFD was 10-fold higher than that of the colorimetric RT-LAMP method. In 194 field samples tested, the RT-LAMP-LFD detection of the SMV-SC7 had accuracy of 98.45% in comparison to RT-qPCR. In conclusion, the assay exhibited high specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity, enabling economical and portable detection of SMV-SC7 and providing technical support to identify SMV-SC7-infected soybeans.
The antibiotic de-escalation strategy in patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial colonization after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Bono Roberto , Sapienza Giuseppe , Tringali Stefania , Rotolo Cristina , Santoro Alessandra , Di Noto Laura , Pirrera Angelo , Schirò Floriana , Rubino Raffaella , Cascio Antonio , Siragusa Sergio , Tommaselli Carmen , DiQuattro Orazia , Patti Caterina , Castagna Luca
Published: January 2025

Colonization by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and related bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with a high rate of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies after intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). In this retrospective study, we analyzed the outcomes of patients colonized with MDR bacteria (primarily carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae, KPC), before allo-SCT. We also investigated the feasibility and safety of an antimicrobial de-escalating approach in these patients. Since 2021, 106 patients have been undergoing allo-SCT in our department, and 34 (32%) of them were colonized by MDR bacteria before allo-SCT. In the pre-engraftment period, 84% received an empiric antibiotic therapy (EAT) active against MDR bacteria and 16% were treated with a conventional EAT. The MDR translocation rate was null, and the overall de-escalation rate was 79%, with 75% in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO). Among the cohort of patients with MDR-positive rectal swabs just before allo-SCT (n = 18), the de-escalation rate was 100%. The all-cause mortality rates at 30 and 100 days for the whole MDR patient population were 6% (2/34) and 12% (4/34), respectively. Day +30 infection-related mortality rate was 3%. In this study, we confirm the safety of the de-escalation approach in patients with previous MDR infection after allo-SCT. This could reduce the exposure time to EAT antibiotics, reducing the selective pressure.