bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis is mediated by CXCR6+ polyfunctional lymphocytes and is dependent on the IL23/IFNγ axis
Authors: Lo Jonathan , Cozzetto Domenico , Liu Zhigang , Ibraheim Hajir , Sieh Jillian , Olbei Marton , Alexander James , Blanco Jesus Miguens , Madgwick Matthew , Kudo Hiromi , Seoane Rocio Castro , Goldin Robert , Marchesi Julian , Korcsmaros Tamas , Lord Graham , Powell Nick
Published: January 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone to off-target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common and serious complication. To probe the impact of immune checkpoints on intestinal homeostasis, mice were challenged with combination anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and manipulation of the intestinal microbiota. Colonic immune responses were profiled using bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry. CPI-colitis was dependent on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and was characterized by remodelling of mucosal lymphocytes with induction of polyfunctional lymphocyte responses characterized by increased expression of interferon-γ (IFNγ), other pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (Il22, Il17a Ccl3, Ccl4 and Ccl9), cytotoxicity molecules (Gzmb, Gzma, Prf1, Nkg7) and the chemokine receptor Cxcr6. In comparison with mucosal lymphocytes in the steady state, polyfunctional lymphocytes from both CD4+ and CD8+ lineages upregulated costimulatory molecules and checkpoint molecules in CPI-colitis, indicating that these cells are tightly regulated. CPI-colitis was attenuated following depletion of effector lymphocytes or following blockade of the IL23/IFNγ axis. This study provides new mechanistic insights into CPI-colitis, identifying polyfunctional, cytotoxic lymphocytes as key mediators of disease. Therapeutic targeting of their effector response or regulatory networks, including the IL23/IFNγ axis likely holds the key to preventing and reversing CPI-colitis.
Brushing Resistance of Orthodontic Sealants – An in Vitro Surface Analysis Study Using Two Different Profilometric Evaluation Methods
Authors: Lorenz Julia , Schidtmann Irene , Morawietz Maria , Kiesow Andreas , Wehrbein Heinrich , Sarembe Sandra , Erbe Christina
Published: January 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical resistance of five commonly used orthodontic sealants against brushing load in comparison to a positive group. Methods: Brackets were bonded to each of the 48 hydroxyapatite (HA) discs, and then divided into 6 groups of 8 specimens. No human subjects were involved. The following sealants were applied around the bracket base and according to manufacturer’s instructions. Group 1: Pro SealTM (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 2: Light BondTM (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Illinois, USA); 3: ClinproTM XT Varnish (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany); 4: Protecto® CaF2 Nano (BonaDent GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany); 5: Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Tetric EvoFlow® (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan Liechtenstein) was used as the positive control group.Tooth brushing simulations of 6 weeks and 6 months were performed with the Oral-B PRO 1000 electric toothbrush (Procter & Gamble Manufacturing, Marktheidenfeld, Germany). The quantity of each sealant was measured with mechanical (MP) and optical profilometry (OP), at baseline, after 6 weeks and after 6 months of brushing. Statistical analysis was performed according to two mixed linear models and post hoc Tukey-Kramer comparisons. The significance level was set at 5% (α ≤ 0.05).Results: Pro SealTM (MP: 9%; OP: 22%) and Light BondTM (MP: 19%; OP: 16%) showed the lowest changes in sealant thickness after 6 months of simulated brushing. ClinproTM XT Varnish and Tetric EvoFlow® recorded no statistically significant results. The fluoride varnishes Protecto® CaF2 Nano and Fluor Protector could not be conclusively evaluated since the thickness of the sealants could not be determined at baseline. The results of both evaluation methods are in good agreement.Conclusion: Pro SealTM and Light BondTM are resistant against tooth brushing and are able to adequately keep the bracket environment sealed even after 6 months. The two different measuring methods, MP and OP, provide a precise impression of the changes in the surface.
Statistical Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Waste Cooking Oil Using Bentonite Clay as Catalyst
Authors: Ulakpa Wisdom Chukwuemeke , Ulakpa Ruth Oghenerukevwe , Eyankware Emmanuel Oghenegare
Published: January 2022

Biodiesel was synthesized from waste cooking oil (WCO) utilizing a transesterification process with clay as a heterogeneous catalyst. The transesterification was carried out for 4 hours at reaction temperatures of 60°C using 4 wt.% catalyst and 9:1 (methanol to oil) ratio. Continuous stirring at 60°C for 4 hours and a 9:1 methanol/oil molar ratio with 4wt.% catalyst resulted in a high yield of FAMEs (91.2%). The impact of several reaction factors on biodiesel yield were explored. For the optimization of five process parameters, this study uses regression models constructed using central composite design (CCD) of randomized response surface methodology (RSM) to forecast FAME production for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO). The influence of methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst weight, temperature, and reaction time was investigated in 32 trials. The estimated coefficient of determination (R), corrected R, and coefficient of variance were determined to be 0.9956 percent, 0.9877 percent, and 663.15 percent, respectively, at a molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst concentration of 4 wt.%, and a reaction duration of 4 hrs. 3D plots were used to determine the effects of the combination of these elements. The response surface methodology (RSM) was shown to be an effective statistical technique for developing an acceptable empirical model for linking operational parameters and forecasting optimal operating conditions. The statistical analyses and the closeness of the experimental results to model predictions demonstrate the regression model's dependability, and the findings will aid in the selection of an efficient and cost-effective biodiesel production technique from low-cost raw materials with high free fatty acid. Furthermore, according to international biodiesel specifications, the fuel characteristics of the created biodiesel were within acceptable levels.
Decomposing Male-Female Gap in Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults: Evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India
Authors: Paul Ronak , Muhammad T. , Rashmi Rashmi , Sharma Palak , Srivast Shobhit
Published: January 2022

BackgroundDepression reduces the functioning of an individual leading to a prime cause of disability in terms of total years lost due to disability, starting from the younger ages. The study explored whether there is a difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among male and female older adults in India and identified the factors contributing to such differences in depression prevalence across sexes.MethodsThe study used data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) wave-I conducted during 2017-18. The analytical sample of the current study was 30,637 older adults aged 60 years and above (14,682 males and 15,655 females). Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used in the initial stages. Binary logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analysis were performed to fulfil the study objectives. ResultsA proportion of 7.3% older males and 9.3% older females had depressive symptoms. Poor self-rated health, multi-morbidity status, physical activity, difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) were the significant health-related factors for depression among older males and females. Not satisfied with one’s life, not satisfied with once present living arrangement, receiving ill-treatment, being widowed, were the significant socio-demographic factors for depression among older males and females. It was revealed that there exists a gender disparity in prevalence of depression (CI: 0.049). If older men and women had similar marital status, the gender gap in depression would have reduced by 50.1%. Similarly, having equal ADL and IADL conditions among men and women would have reduced the gap by 15.0% and 39.0% respectively. Having equal self-rated health would have reduced the male-female gap by 19.5%, whereas, having equal morbidity status (6.1%), level of life satisfaction (13.1%) and satisfaction in present living arrangement (5.6%) would have reduced the gender gap in depression.ConclusionThe depression has emerged as a major public health problem with a greater female disadvantage and it is important that there is a need to focus on gender specific policies to mitigate this problem.
Application of quantum computing to a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model for novel medical knowledge discovery
Authors: Kawaguchi Hideaki
Published: January 2022

Recently, the utilization of real-world medical data collected from clinical sites has been attracting attention. Especially as the number of variables in real-world medical data increases, causal discovery becomes more and more important. In this study, an algorithm called qLiNGAM, which applies quantum computing to a linear non-Gaussian acyclic model, one of the causal discovery algorithms, is developed to verify whether qLiNGAM can estimate causal structures from real-world medical data. When qLiNGAM was applied to real-world medical data, a case was confirmed in which the causal structure could be correctly estimated when the amount of data was small, which was not possible with existing methods. Furthermore, it was shown that qLiNGAM could be implemented on real quantum hardware. It is suggested that qLiNGAM may be able to discover new medical knowledge and contribute to the solution of medical problems, even when only a small amount of data is available.
A data-driven modeling method for an aero gas turbine engine system based on the transient data
Authors: Kim Sangjo
Published: January 2022

Accurate performance prediction models in gas turbines are essential for diagnosis. In this paper, a data-driven modeling method is newly proposed for an aero gas turbine engine system with high prediction accuracy during dynamic operation by considering the time delay included in the measured temperature from a sensor. Modeling and analysis are performed using an aero gas turbine engine with rapid thrust change. The accuracy of the data-driven model trained using the measured temperature and the flow temperature calculated through physical relations is compared. The flow temperature is calculated from the measured temperature based on lumped system analysis. In data learning, the low-pressure shaft speed and low-pressure turbine total temperature are defined as input parameters, whilst engine net thrust, and fuel mass flow rate are defined as output ones. The results show that using the measured temperature for training without conversion adversely affects the accuracy of the data-driven model. The flow temperature converted from the measured values is reasonable in terms of thermodynamic cycle matching of the engine. It is confirmed that the accuracy of the data-driven model is significantly improved when the actual flow temperature is used for model training.
Metabolic Effects of Estradiol Versus Testosterone in Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome
Authors: Auer Matthias K. , Birnbaum Wiebke , Hartmann Michaela F. , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Kulle Alexandra , Lux Anke , Marshall Luise , Rall Katarina , Richter-Unruh Anette , Werner Ralf , Wudy Stefan A. , Hiort Olaf
Published: January 2022

PurposeTo study differences in metabolic outcomes between testosterone and estradiol replacement in patients with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS). MethodsIn this multicentre, double-blind, randomized crossover trial, 26 women with CAIS were included of whom 17 completed the study. After a two-months run in phase with estradiol, patients either received transdermal estradiol followed by crossover to transdermal testosterone or vice versa. After six months, differences in lipids, fasting glucose, insulin, hematocrit, liver parameters and blood pressure between the treatment phases were investigated. ResultsLinear mixed models adjusted for period and sequence did not reveal major group differences according to treatment for the investigated outcomes. In each treatment group, there were however significant uniform changes in BMI and cholesterol. BMI increased significantly, following six months of estradiol (+2.7%; p = 0.036) as well as testosterone treatment (+2.8%; p = 0.036). There was also a significant increase in total (+10.4%; p = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (+29.2%; p = 0.049) and a decrease in HDL-cholesterol (-15.8%; p < 0.001) following six months of estradiol as well as six months of testosterone treatment (total cholesterol: +14.6%; p = 0.008; LDL-cholesterol: +39.1%; p = 0.005, HDL-cholesterol: -15.8%; p = 0.004). Other parameters remained unchanged.ConclusionTransdermal estradiol as well as testosterone treatment in women with CAIS results in worsening in lipid profiles. Given the relatively small sample size, subtle group differences in other metabolic parameters may have remained undetected.
Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomised Controlled Clinical study
Authors: V Krishna Kumar , B Vaghela Dharmendra Singh , Manjusha Rajagopala
Published: January 2022

IntroductionDiabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of visual disability in diabetics, is an important complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Currently available conventional treatments for DR have certain limitations; considering which Ayurvedic treatment protocol was designed. ObjectivesThe objective was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol for Diabetic Retinopathy. Materials and methodsIt was a randomized, controlled, black box design clinical study.Hundred patients of DR were randomly divided into two groups by simple random sampling using computer generated random number tables: Group A: Trial group (n=70) and Group B: Control group (n=30). In Group A preparatory phase included Dipana Pachana (Stomachic &Digestant), Koshtha Shodhana (mild therapeutic purgation) and Shiro Virechana (eliminative nasal medication). Treatment phase included Nasya (nasal medication) and Pratimarsha Nasya (nasal medication of mild dose) with Durvadi Ghrita, Takra Dhara (pouring medicated buttermilk over scalp) with Siddha Takra and intake of Rasayana Yoga. In Group B, patients were kept under conservative treatment and observed during trial period of three months. Patients of both groups continued with their treatment for diabetes and DR, if any. Two follow-ups were done at an interval of 15 days. The effect of treatment was assessed on the basis of both subjective criteria and objective criteria; since the improvements in both patients’ vision and ophthalmoscopic features are necessary in DR to say if the existing stage regressed or maintained. Results Comparison of within groups at two points was analysed by paired “t” test for objective criteria and Signed Rank test for subjective criteria. Comparison between the groups was analysed by unpaired “t” test. Trial Group showed better results on Dot blot haemorrhages, Superficial haemorrhages, Hard Exudates, Best Corrected Visual acuity (BCVA), Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Serum cholesterol. Both the groups showed almost similar effects in Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), Haemoglobin (Hb), Glycosylated Haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and Urine sugar which was statistically insignificant. ConclusionIt was concluded that Ayurvedic treatment Protocol is safe and effective in DR.
Fusion in the periodic Temperley-Lieb algebra and connectivity operators of loop models
Authors: Ikhlef Yacine , Morin-Duchesne Alexi
Published: January 2022

In two-dimensional loop models, the scaling properties of critical random curves are encoded in the correlators of connectivity operators. In the dense O(n) loop model, any such operator is naturally associated to a standard module of the periodic Temperley-Lieb algebra. We introduce a new family of representations of this algebra, with connectivity states that have two marked points, and argue that they define the fusion of two standard modules. We obtain their decomposition on the standard modules for generic values of the parameters, which in turn yields the structure of the operator product expansion of connectivity operators.
Non-equilibrium Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with quadratic perturbation
Authors: Aleksey Lunkin , Feigel'man Mikhail
Published: January 2022

We consider a non-equilibrium generalization of the mixed
SYK_44+SYK_22
model and calculate the energy dissipation rate
W(\omega)W(ω)
that results due to periodic modulation of random quadratic matrix
elements with a frequency \omegaω.
We find that W(\omega)W(ω)
possesses a peak at \omegaω
close to the polaron energy spliting \omega_RωR
found recently in [1], demonstrating physical significance of this
energy scale. Next, we study the effect of energy pumping with a finite
amplitude at the resonance frequency \omega_RωR
and calculate, in presence of this pumping, non-equilibrium dissipation
rate due to low-frequency parameteric modulation. We found unusual
phenomenon similar to “dry friction” in presence of pumping.
Resolution of the Council of Experts “The role of the drug rurioctocog alfa pegol in the treatment of patients with hemophilia A”
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2022

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Thymoquinone Attenuates Retinal Expression of Mediators and Markers
of Neurodegeneration in a Diabetic Animal Model
Authors: Alkharfy Khalid M. , Ahmad Ajaz , Siddiquei Mohammad Mairaj , Ghulam Mohammad , El-Asrar Ahmed Abu
Published: January 2022

Background:

The aim of the current investigation is to assess the protective effects of thymoquinone
(TQ) as a potential compound for the treatment and/or prevention of neurovascular complications
of diabetes, including DR.

Objective:

The aim of the current investigation is to assess the protective effects of thymoquinone
(TQ) as a potential compound for the treatment and/or prevention of neurovascular complications
of diabetes, including DR.

Methods:

Diabetes was induced in rats by the administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg intraperitoneally, i.p.). Subsequently, diabetic rats were treated with either TQ (2 mg/kg i.p.) or vehicle on alternate days for three weeks. A healthy control group was also run in parallel. At the end of the treatment period, animals were euthanized and the retinas were collected and analyzed for the expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) and caspase-3 using Western blotting techniques in the retina of diabetic rats and compared with the normal control rats. In addition, dichlorofluorescein (DCF) levels in the retina was assessed as a marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and blood–retinal barrier breakdown (BRB) was examined for vascular permeability. The systemic effects of TQ treatments on glycemic control, kidney and liver functions were also assessed in all groups.

Results:

Diabetic animals treated with TQ showed improvements in the liver and kidney functions
compared with control diabetic rats. Normalization in the levels of neuroprotective factors, including
BDNF, TH, and NGFR, was observed in the retina of diabetic rats treated with TQ. In addition,
TQ ameliorated the levels of apoptosis regulatory protein caspase-3 in the retina of diabetic rats
and reduced disruption of the blood-retinal barrier, possibly through a reduction in reactive oxygen
species (ROS) generation.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that TQ harbors a significant potential to limit the neurodegeneration
and retinal damage that can be provoked by hyperglycemia in vivo.
The Use of Blockchain Technology in the Health Care Sector: Systematic Review
Authors: Elangovan Deepa , Long Chiau Soon , Bakrin Faizah Safina , Tan Ching Siang , Goh Khang Wen , Yeoh Siang Fei , Loy Mei Jun , Hussain Zahid , Lee Kah Seng , Idris Azam Che , Ming Long Chiau
Published: January 2022

Background

Blockchain technology is a part of Industry 4.0’s new Internet of Things applications: decentralized systems, distributed ledgers, and immutable and cryptographically secure technology. This technology entails a series of transaction lists with identical copies shared and retained by different groups or parties. One field where blockchain technology has tremendous potential is health care, due to the more patient-centric approach to the health care system as well as blockchain’s ability to connect disparate systems and increase the accuracy of electronic health records.

Objective

The aim of this study was to systematically review studies on the use of blockchain technology in health care and to analyze the characteristics of the studies that have implemented blockchain technology.

Methods

This study used a systematic review methodology to find literature related to the implementation aspect of blockchain technology in health care. Relevant papers were searched for using PubMed, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore, Embase, Scopus, and EBSCOhost. A quality assessment of literature was performed on the 22 selected papers by assessing their trustworthiness and relevance.

Results

After full screening, 22 papers were included. A table of evidence was constructed, and the results of the selected papers were interpreted. The results of scoring for measuring the quality of the publications were obtained and interpreted. Out of 22 papers, a total of 3 (14%) high-quality papers, 9 (41%) moderate-quality papers, and 10 (45%) low-quality papers were identified.

Conclusions

Blockchain technology was found to be useful in real health care environments, including for the management of electronic medical records, biomedical research and education, remote patient monitoring, pharmaceutical supply chains, health insurance claims, health data analytics, and other potential areas. The main reasons for the implementation of blockchain technology in the health care sector were identified as data integrity, access control, data logging, data versioning, and nonrepudiation. The findings could help the scientific community to understand the implementation aspect of blockchain technology. The results from this study help in recognizing the accessibility and use of blockchain technology in the health care sector.
Adherence to Growth Hormone Treatment Using a Connected Device in Latin America: Real-World Exploratory Descriptive Analysis Study
Authors: Assefi Aria , van Dommelen Paula , Arnaud Lilian , Otero Carlos , Fernandez-Luque Luis , Koledova Ekaterina , Calliari Luis Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Background

Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy is an effective treatment for children with growth disorders. However, poor outcomes are often associated with suboptimal adherence to treatment.

Objective

The easypod connected injection device records and transmits injection settings and dose data from patients receiving rhGH. In this study, we evaluated adherence to rhGH treatment, and associated growth outcomes, in Latin American patients.

Methods

Adherence and growth data from patients aged 2-18 years from 12 Latin American countries were analyzed. Adherence data were available for 6207 patients with 2,449,879 injections, and growth data were available for 497 patients with 2232 measurements. Adherence was categorized, based on milligrams of rhGH injected versus milligrams of rhGH prescribed, as high (≥85%), intermediate (>56%-<85%), or low (≤56%). Transmission frequency was categorized as high (≥1 per 3 months) or low (<1 per 3 months). Chi-square tests were applied to study the effect of pubertal status at treatment start and sex on high adherence, and to test differences in frequency transmission between the three adherence levels. Multilevel linear regression techniques were applied to study the effect of adherence on observed change in height standard deviation score (∆HSDS).

Results

Overall, 68% (4213/6207), 25% (n=1574), and 7% (n=420) of patients had high, intermediate, and low adherence, respectively. Pubertal status at treatment start and sex did not have a significant effect on high adherence. Significant differences were found in the proportion of patients with high transmission frequency between high (2018/3404, 59%), intermediate (608/1331, 46%), and low (123/351, 35%) adherence groups (P<.001). Adherence level had a significant effect on ∆HSDS (P=.006). Mean catch-up growth between 0-24 months was +0.65 SD overall (+0.52 SD in patients with low/intermediate monthly adherence and +0.69 SD in patients with high monthly adherence). This difference translated into 1.1 cm greater catch-up growth with high adherence.

Conclusions

The data extracted from the easypod Connect ecosystem showed high adherence to rhGH treatment in Latin American patients, with positive growth outcomes, indicating the importance of connected device solutions for rhGH treatment in patients with growth disorders.
Knapping before and after polishing: Technological evidence in the Neolithic polished stone tools from Hungary
Authors: Starnini Elisabetta , Szakmány György
Published: January 2022

The authors present the evidence gathered during the interdisciplinary study of several polished stone tools from some Neolithic sites in Hungary. In particular, the cutting-edged tool production (axes, adzes, chisels) involves knapping at several stages of the operational-chain within an artefact’s ‘life cycle’ - from raw material procurement, its manufacture, use, and discard. Some specific fine-grained and non-siliceous raw materials, among which are mainly hornfels, “white stones” and a few greenstones, show evidence of being worked by knapping as shown by the recovery of rough-outs, flaked similarly to biface artefacts, reworked pieces during retooling attempts, and several flakes detached before and after polishing the artefact surfaces. These latter demonstrate that re-sharpening and re-working polished cutting-edged tools was a common practice within the settlements during the whole Neolithic period. These small flakes, that sometimes look like true bladelets, have been often confused with, and published as, chipped stone tools. Therefore, it is important to get a holistic view of the whole stone industry during the study of the lithic assemblages. As in the case for chert and flint in N Europe, which have been intensively exploited for the production of polished axes and adzes, some other lithic raw materials could be easily worked by knapping for the production of polished tools, especially micro-crystalline rocks that have technical response and physical properties very similar to true flint and chert. Moreover, there are indeed implications regarding social organization among Neolithic communities, not only from the point of view of raw material procurement. Notably, the technical capability of producing and maintaining in efficiency the polished stone tools had to be acquired by individuals belonging to each household within the community, since stone axe-adzes were polyfunctional tools for mundane and multiple tasks. Therefore, as an important means for survival, the production of stone tools, both chipped and polished, was a knowledge certainly transmitted from generation to generation, although we still have to understand the modes and social implications of the transfer in details.
Interpretation of Fitrat Dramas in Literary Criticism
Authors: Jabborova Dilafruz
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This article examines the fact that after the independence of Uzbekistan, the works of modern literature began to be reevaluated on the basis of new approaches. Literary scholar Ilhom Ganiev's monograph "Poetics of Fitrat dramas" is analyzed and the poetic world of the playwright is covered. The article is based on the analysis of the physicist's focus on Fitrat's character creation skills, the symbolic and figurative motives used in dramas, and the use of artistic language. Keywords and word expressions: drama, jadid literature, criticism, natural science, jadid studies, jadid writers, playwright, drama, symbolism, theater, tragedy, soviet ideology, “Abulfayzkhan”, confection, “Hindu ihtilotonzhon”, conflict, independence ideas, poetic thought, hermeneutic thinking, vulgar-sociological approach, principle, reassessment, new scientific and aesthetic thinking, systematic approach, analysis and interpretation, hermeneutics, synergetics, structuralism, historical-biographical approach, historical-cultural approach, modernism, absurdity, existentialism.
Review Paper on Comparative Study of RCC Framed Building with and Without Expansion Joint at Different Location
Authors: Faye Khemendra
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The pounding responses of the expansion joint in a curved ramp bridge under earthquake conditions. Long term effects of such seasonal temperature changes develop stresses and deformation in the building. Concrete creep and shrinkage increase the cracks widths and stresses. For elimination of this expansion joints are provided. The temperature expansion occurred most significantly during 20°C to 40°C and the optimised gradation could alleviate the arch expansion effectively, in the range of 20°C to 30°C. An expansion joint is a gap provided in the structure to allow expansion and contraction of the building due to temperature changes. It absorbs the heat-induced by expansion and contraction of various construction materials. Two theoretical models were used under eight types of seismic conditions. Results indicate that a curved ramp bridge without an abutment expansion joint is a favorable structure for seismic design. Keywords: Earthquake, pounding, Seismic Analysis, Expansion joints, Thermal stresses, Concrete Creep.
BRAIN GYM EXERCISES: AN APPROACH IN IMPROVING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PERCEPTION IN GRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Naqvi Waqar M
Published: January 2022

Brain Gym is an academic kinesiological program that is promoted and applied with a consistent learning purpose that aims at enhancing performance such as memory, psychological perception and cognitive skills. The technique requires the participant to communicate with a series of activities that help the body to understand the primary behaviour and learn how to coordinate the brain and entire body. Brain Gym activities includes of 26 basic motions, which are believed to improve perception and stimulates brain hemisphere by neural re-modelling to facilitate whole brain learning. By ways of balancing both the side of brain, behavioural difficulties, social and intellectual burdens are expected to be reduced. This study aims to improve the psychological perception and decrease depression in the undergraduate physiotherapy students. Here's an idea we suggest to check the psychological perception with brain gym intervention and the duration for practices comprises of three days a week session, duration of 25 minutes, which is completed in one hour. The study design is of pre- post type with simple randomized sampling. Before the treatment the mean stress showed a mean score of 33.87, anxiety showed a mean score of 32.43, depression showed a mean score of 32.34; an improvement was seen after the treatment where the mean score was 18.42, 17.26, 19. 46. The final mean difference was 43.49±17.33 and t -value 30.42 (p=0.0001,S). The data analysis shows that after the Brain Gym Activity intervention there was marked reduction in the score of DASS. The participants involved in the study showed significant improvement in their psychological perceptions.
VOLUMETRIC AND VISCOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF BINARY LIQUID MIXTURES OF 2-ETHOXYETHANOL AND AMYL ACETATE AT TEMPERATURES OF (298.15 AND 303.15) K
Authors: Ayasen Kemeakegha J
Published: January 2022

Densities and viscosities have been determined at temperatures of (298.15 and 303.15) K for binary liquid mixtures of 2-ethoxyethanol with amyl acetate over the entire range of solvent composition. From the experimentally determined values, excess molar volume, VE, excess viscosity, ηE and excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow, G*E have been calculated. These calculated excess thermodynamic functions were fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to obtain the fitting coefficients and standard deviations. The values of excess molar volume, VE were negative and that of the excess viscosities, ηE were found to be positive, while excess Gibbs free energy of activation of viscous flow, ΔG*E were negative over the whole range of solvent composition for the binary systems at the studied temperatures. The behavior of these excess functions with composition of the mixtures have been discussed in respect of molecular interactions between the components of liquid systems. The mixture viscosities were correlated using empirical relations like Grunberg-Nissan, Frenkel, Hind, Wijk and Kendall-Monroe model equations. Comparison of these interaction parameters have been engaged to explain the intermolecular interactions between the alkoxy alcohol and the ester.
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY OF GALLIC ACID TO TREAT DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Gejalakshmi S
Published: January 2022

Diabetes Mellitus which one of most increasing disorder in the world. More than 69.1 million people of India have been reported to affected by diabetes mellitus, among these most of them belongs to southern part of India. India second is the largest patient of diabetes mellitus (1). Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder, lead to increased blood glucose content caused due to less or inconsistent function of insulin secretion
THE IMPACT OF PARENTING & SOCIAL DISPARITIES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Mishra Bharat
Published: January 2022

Psychological distress among adolescents in India remains a meager research domain owing to the lack of proper resources & research tools. The states like Kerala and others, where the significant number of children are not staying regularly with their parents, provided, the stay has been arranged with their relatives or school hostels have seen the unorganized and undervalued parenting brings the social disparity and psychological perturbation. The study have focused on identifying the prevalence of mental distress among the adolescents (11-17 years of age) & the Influence of parenting, social disparities on them, 2) Compare the prevalence rate of these disorders among different economic classes and area of their living. Cluster sampling surveys were conducted in ten schools in Ernakulum, Kerala. Five hundred adolescents with equal distribution from urban & rural areas were surveyed. Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological status & the original 3-band classification was used to categorize adolescents into abnormal (17-40), borderline (14-16) & normal (0-13). Modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale was used to classify the subjects into five economic classes. Parenting & Social Disparities tool was employed to correlate the Influence of parenting & social disparities with the mental distress among adolescents. The participants had high SDQ scores are 59.80%. Boys showed more prevalence than females. The urban area had more prevalence than in a rural area. The lower economic class had the high value of prevalence & the upper-middle class had the lowest prevalence. The parenting score of adolescents from urban & rural areas always had a negative correlation with SDQ scores irrespective of their economic class. Compromised parenting & social disparities found in serious conditions in Kerala, India, and lead to mental distress in adolescents. The outcome of the study indicates the inattentive and deprioritized parenting.
Evaluación de desempeño de un motor-generador que utiliza GLP de alto contenido de butano como combustible
Authors: Mejia Calderon Luz Adriana , Romero Piedrahita Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2022

En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados del diagnóstico de un grupo motor-generador de 6 cilindros, originalmente diseñado para funcionar con combustible Diésel o con gas natural, cuando se opera alternativamente, por razones de contingencia, con gas licuado de petróleo (GLP) de alto contenido de butano. El protocolo diseñado para las pruebas realizadas en el grupo electrógeno incluye el arranque en frío y el transitorio de calentamiento, así como la obtención de la potencia entregada a plena carga sin riesgo de detonación. Durante las pruebas, se realizaron mediciones de variables ambientales, temperatura del motor, vibraciones, velocidad de rotación, emisiones de escape, potencia activa y reactiva del grupo motor-generador. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, aunque el desempeño del par del grupo motor-generador es bueno cuando opera con GLP, no cumple con las especificaciones requeridas para las unidades de motor-generador de clase G1 en términos de desviaciones de frecuencia y voltaje durante procesos transitorios. A la luz de los límites de emisiones sugeridos por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental (EPA) para las unidades estacionarias, se puede concluir que el conjunto motor-generador sin ajustes y regulaciones apropiados particulares para el GLP, durante la operación, no cumple con los límites de emisión de monóxido de carbono.
Cold Urticaria in a Pediatric Cohort: Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Natural History
Authors: Prosty Connor , Gabrielli Sofianne , Mule Pasquale , Gallee Madison Le , Miles Laura May , Le Michelle , Zhang Xun , ENSINA LUIS FELIPE , Netchiporouk Elena , Ben-Shoshan Moshe
Published: January 2022

Background Cold urticaria (coldU) is associated with substantial
morbidity and risk of fatality. Data on coldU in children are sparse. We
aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, management, risk of
associated anaphylaxis, and resolution rate of coldU in a pediatric
cohort. Additionally, we sought to compare these metrics to children
with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods We prospectively
enrolled children with coldU from 2013-2021 in a cohort study at the
Montreal Children’s Hospital and an affiliated allergy clinic. Data for
comparison with participants with solely CSU were extracted from a
previous study. Data on demographics, comorbidities, severity of
presentation, management, and laboratory values were collected at study
entry. Patients were contacted yearly to assess for resolution. Results
Fifty-two children with cold urticaria were recruited, 51.9% were
female and the median age of symptom onset was 9.5 years. Most patients
were managed with second generation H1-antihistamines (sgAHs).
Well-controlled disease on sgAHs was negatively associated with
concomitant CSU (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.69 [95%CI: 0.53,
0.92]). Elevated eosinophils were associated with cold-induced
anaphylaxis (coldA) (aOR=1.38 [95%CI: 1.04, 1.83]), which occurred
in 17.3% of patients. The resolution rate of coldU was 4.8 per 100
patient-years, which was lower than that of CSU (adjusted hazard
ratio=0.43 [95%CI: 0.21, 0.89], P<10-2). Conclusion
Pediatric coldU bears a substantial risk of anaphylaxis and a low
resolution rate. Absolute eosinophil count and co-existing CSU may be
useful predictive factors.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of water isotopes in the riverine-marine mixing zone along the German Baltic Sea coast
Authors: Aichner Bernhard , Rittweg Timo , Schumann Rhena , Dahlke Sven , Duggen Svend , Dubbert David
Published: January 2022

River estuaries are characterized by mixing processes between
isotopically depleted freshwater inflows and isotopically more enriched
marine water masses. Therefore, they often show linear correlation
between salinity and water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H values). Here we
evaluated spatial and seasonal isotope dynamics along three estuarine
lagoon transects at the northern German Baltic Sea coast. The data show
strong seasonality of isotope values even at locations located furthest
from the river mouths. They further reveal a positive and linear
salinity-isotope correlation in spring, but hyperbolic and partially
even reverse correlation in summers. We conclude that additional
physical processes, such as evaporation from the shallow lagoons,
overprint the two-phase mixing correlation during summers. Understanding
of those water isotope dynamics are crucial in context of ecological
studies, for example when interpreting oxygen and hydrogen isotope data
in aquatic organisms that depend on ambient estuarine waters.
COMPARISON OF METHODS TO DEVELOP AN IDF CURVES FOR WET ZONE IN SRI LANKA
Authors: Wijayawardhana Charith , Wanniarachchi Susantha
Published: January 2022

The relationship between rainfall intensity, duration, frequency helps
hydrologist to analyze the structural and hydraulic design of control
structures. This relationship was determined by statistical analysis of
sample records collected from different meteorological stations in
Colombo district. The hydrological design was considered at different
discharge rate for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 years period of time. In order to
carry out this study, short durational rainfall data in wet zone were
collected from Metrological Department. Three frequency analysis methods
have been deployed to develop the curves. After analyzing the IDF
relationship with different approaches, the best approach has chosen
from the comparison. Selected best option could be used to identify IDF
relationships for the areas whereas there are no rainfall data. The
developed IDF curves are useful for safe design of efficient hydraulic
structures and for flood management in Wet Zone.
PENGARUH HARGA TERHADAP PENAWARAN DAN PERMINTAAN MASKER SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DENPASAR BALI
Authors: Marbun Saortua , Berek Kristina Liuk
Published: January 2022

Masks have become a basic need for everyone in pandemic. This causes people to compete to buy masks. This resulted in an extreme spike in mask prices. The demand for masks has soared, resulting in a shortage of these products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of price on supply and demand in the midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Denpasar City. This study used a sample of 200 respondents consisting of 100 traders and 100 buyers. Data were obtained by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The method of analysis used is multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis, it is found that the price has an effect on supply with a positive regression coefficient. Price has an effect on demand with a negative coefficient.
A REVIEW OF IMPACT BEHAVIOUR IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Gholizadeh Samira
Published: January 2022

The damage of composite structure caused by impact events is one of the most critical damages that have been caused several design problems. Understanding damage and failure of composite materials is critical in order to produce a reliable and cost-effective design. Generally, the character of impact response influences the extent of structural degradation and type of damage. Therefore, it is important to identify the properties and physical parameters that determine the nature of impact response. We need to detect, characterise, size and localise the impact damage. This study presents types of damages in composite materials, impact damage and its classification in composite materials.
Direct and indirect pathways for the spread of African swine fever and other porcine infectious diseases: an application of the Mental Models Approach
Authors: Galli Francesco , Friker Brian , Bearth Angela , Duerr Salome
Published: January 2022

In this study, we investigated the occurrence of direct and indirect
infectious disease transmission pathways between pig farms in
Switzerland, as well as their specific relevance for the spread of
African swine fever (ASF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
(PRRS), and enzootic pneumonia (EP). Data were collected using an
adapted Mental Models Approach, involving initial interviews with
experts in the field of pig health and logistics, qualitative interviews
with pig farmers, and a final expert workshop, during which all
identified pathways were graded by their frequency of occurrence, their
likelihood of spread of the three diseases of interest, and their
overall relevance considering both parameters. As many as 24 disease
pathways were identified in four areas: pig trade, farmer encounters,
external collaborators, and environmental or other pathways. Two thirds
of the pathways occurred with fair-to-high frequency. While both direct
and indirect pig trade transmission routes were highly relevant for the
spread of the three pathogens, pathways from the remaining areas were
especially important for PRRS due to higher spread potential via
aerosols and fomites. In addition, we identified factors modifying the
relevance of disease pathways, such as farm production type and
affiliation to trader companies. During the qualitative interviews, we
found varying levels of risk perception among farmers concerning some of
the pathways, which affected adherence to biosecurity measures and were
often linked to the degree of trust that farmers had towards their
colleagues and external collaborators. Our findings highlight the
importance of integrating indirect disease pathways in existing
surveillance and control strategies, and in disease modelling efforts.
We also propose that biosecurity trainings aimed at professionals and
risk communication campaigns targeting farmers should be considered to
mitigate the risk of disease spread through the identified pathways.
Comparison of the response of different voltage dividers to low-level measurement using a large plastic scintillator intended for radiation portal monitors
Authors: Fiserova Lucie , Janda Jiri , Skotak Pavel
Published: January 2022

The work deals with the comparison of voltage dividers with different wiring
of resistors and capacitors. The voltage divider recommended by the
manufacturer of the used photomultiplier (ET Enterprises, GB) was used as a
reference. The aim was to assess the influence of different voltage dividers
together with the large volume scintillation detector on detection
parameters such as the efficiency of the measurement and dose rate linearity
using 241Am, 137Cs, and 60Co gamma sources. The experiments showed
relatively great differences between 15_10(_C) voltage divider (R1 and
R2-R11, 15 MW and 10 MW) and the rest. Furthermore, it was confirmed that
the voltage divider recommended by the manufacturer of the used
photomultiplier showed the best results, but some of the measured dividers
exhibited similar results and therefore can be used in radiation portal
monitors as well.