bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and damping characterization of sandwich composite made of particle-filled hollow spheres and steel sheets
Authors: Zhou Xin , Penter Lars , Jehring Ulrike , Göhler Hartmut , Weißgärber Thomas , Ihlenfeldt Steffen
Published: October 2024

Sandwich composites made of particle-filled hollow sphere structures (PHSS) and steel sheets offer excellent lightweight and damping properties, ideal for high-speed machine tool components under dynamic loads. Previous research has focused on single particle-filled hollow sphere (PHS) and small PHSS, leaving a gap understanding of PHSS/steel sandwich composites. In this study a test rig was developed, and Design of Experiments and Response Surface Analysis were used to investigate the effects of sheet and core thickness (design parameters), filling ratio, and particle size (particle parameters) on the damping performance of PHSS/steel sandwiches. The results indicate that the design parameters have a significant influence on damping performance. The interaction between design and particle parameters also substantially affects damping. Minimizing particle size, increasing filling ratio, thinning the face layer, and thickening the core layer significantly improve structural damping. To address manufacturing tolerances, a finite element (FE) model-based optimization was developed to accurately determine PHSS material parameters. These parameters were used in an FE model of the PHSS-steel composite, with identified contact parameters minimizing measurement and simulation differences. The homogenized material model and the linear model using global damping parameters accurately reproduce the dynamic properties of the PHSS-steel sandwich composite in low vibration modes.
Experimental infection of ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) with Mycobacterium ulcerans, the agent of Buruli ulcer
Authors: Blasdell Kim R. , Ploeg Richard J. , Hobbs Emma C. , Muhi Stephen , Riddell Sarah J. , Cunneen Alexandra , Kelly Michael L. , Maynard Kate , Malcolm Tess R. , Islam Md. Tanjir , Boyd Victoria , Stinear Timothy P. , Pidot Sacha J. , Athan Eugene , O’Brien Daniel P.
Published: October 2024

Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing disease of skin and soft tissue caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU). In Australia, where the disease is emerging in new geographic areas and human case numbers are increasing, native possum species act as reservoir hosts. To better understand the life history of MU in one of its natural hosts, we conducted intra-dermal challenge of six wild caught, MU-naïve common ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus). All six animals developed BU disease consistent with that observed in naturally infected ringtail possums. Time to ulceration varied between 49 and 77 days (mean = 61.8 days). Molecular evidence of systemic infection was detected in five animals and was supported by consistent histopathological findings in four animals. Pathological findings included random, multifocal, granulomatous hepatitis in four possums, one of which also had a mild, multifocal, interstitial granulomatous pneumonia. Acid-fast bacilli were only evident in inflammatory foci beyond the primary inoculation site in one possum. The ringtail possum model of MU infection is an important tool for the investigation of bacterial transmission dynamics, pathogenesis and immune response in a natural host. Data from this model may improve disease risk modelling and help identify intervention points to stop zoonotic transmission and disease spread.
Cardiovascular Nanomedicine: From Targeted Delivery to Theranostics
Authors: Rezvani Maryam , Düzgüneş Nejat
Published: October 2024

Despite extensive efforts to find effective strategies to combat cardiovascular disorders, the annual death toll from these diseases is enormous worldwide. Cardiovascular nanomedicine as an innovative technology has played a remarkable role in overcoming various therapeutic and diagnostic challenges. Stimuli-responsive and multifunctional nanocarriers have been efficiently developed for the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to pathological sites. Nanoplatforms used as carriers of imaging agents or as sensors to detect biomarkers can reduce detection time, increase diagnostic sensitivity and provide real-time monitoring of cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, the ability of targeted nanocarriers to accumulate at the target site, combined with multimodal imaging techniques, leads to accurate diagnostic results. Theranostic nanosystems can provide a personalized treatment plan and precisely guide the therapy process by combining therapeutic and diagnostic aspects. This chapter highlights the recent advances in cardiovascular nanomedicine.
Photoluminescent Nanomaterials for Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Authors: Gavinho Sílvia Rodrigues , Jakka Suresh Kumar , Krishnapuram Pavani , Sharma Ujjawal , Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu , Graça Manuel Pedro Fernandes
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with blood vessels and the heart and are responsible for the majority of deaths in the world. These diseases are related to heart attacks and strokes due to a blockage of blood flow, which is generally associated with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the narrowing and possible obstruction of veins due to the accumulation of fats and other molecules associated with the inflammatory process. In this inflammatory process, many biomolecules may be indicated as targets of therapy for disease detection and monitoring. In atherosclerosis, some changes in the levels of these targets are characteristic, such as lipids, reactive oxygen species, monocytes/macrophages, compromised endothelial cells, overexpressed receptors on the surface of these cells, and enzymes, among others. Nanomedicine and the tools associated with it allow the synthesis of customized nanoparticles and nanostructures for a more targeted therapy and diagnosis, avoiding the limitations associated with systemic administration used in conventional therapy and diagnosis. The use of biomarkers as targets allows a more defined detection and treatment that is very important for the early detection and prevention of disease progression. This chapter addresses cardiovascular diseases, in particular atherosclerosis, and presents the main known forms of treatment and diagnosis of CVDs based on luminescent phenomena combined with the tools available in nanomedicine.
Cardiovascular Nanomedicine: Mode of Action and Applications
Authors: Malik Fouzia Perveen , Azam Sumaiya , Aleem Aqsa , Nowsherwan Jahanzaib
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases pose a serious health threat and are responsible for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Numerous diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic approaches are available for treating heart disorders; however, they are not efficacious in appreciably slowing the progression of these diseases and may result in adverse side effects. Hence, it is appealing to explore better strategies and technologies for an effective treatment to overcome the limitations of previous treatment approaches. Nanomedicines offer promising benefits in advanced healthcare due to their unique physicochemical properties. Owing to their nanoscale size, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, surface morphology, and precise, site-specific drug delivery, nanopharmaceutics holds the potential for changes in clinical practice. A novel approach that is highly in demand is “theranostics”, which aims to diagnose and treat a disease by using one composite. This advanced approach is receiving more and more attention because of its significant role in biomarker detection, tissue engineering, efficient and targeted nanoscale drug delivery, and cardiovascular imaging. This chapter covers a detailed view of different classes of nanomaterials being used as drug vehicles for carrying pharmaceutical agents to their site of action and their applications for the effective control and treatment of cardiovascular diseases both as therapeutic and as theranostic agents.
Advanced Nanomaterials for Cardiovascular Implants
Authors: Cicha I. , Alexiou C. , Ciach T.
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for 31% of global deaths per year, despite considerable diagnostic and therapeutic advances. The management of patients with CVD often requires invasive treatment options, or surgical procedures, combined with placement of an implant, such as a stent, vascular graft, cardiac patch, or heart valve prosthesis. Although the implanted devices effectively alleviate the symptoms of CVD, various issues related to their safety and long-term functionality have been identified in the follow-up clinical studies. In this chapter, advanced nanomaterials that are of particular relevance for improving cardiovascular implants are addressed.
Targeted Gold Nanotherapy for the Attenuation of Chemotherapy-associated Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Melia F. , Tabish Tanveer A. , Pranjol M. Z. I.
Published: October 2024

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among noncommunicable diseases worldwide. Despite the improvements in prognosis within the last few decades, the quality of life and life expectancy of patients treated with chemotherapy are endangered by the development of cardiotoxic adverse effects. The occurrence of life-threatening cardiovascular complications in cancer patients hinders the benefits of cancer therapy, restricts treatment options and limits the testing of new chemotherapeutic drugs. Certainly, novel therapeutic strategies, such as nanomedicine, are required to minimise cardiotoxicity while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Nanomedicine offers the advantage of encapsulating drugs within nanoparticles, resulting in improved tumour selectivity and reduced adverse effects. As a result, attenuation of cardiotoxicity would improve the therapeutic benefits of cancer therapy and would allow the testing of a wider range of novel drugs, therefore contributing to expediting the progress of cancer research. Among several nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles have been shown to be a reliable therapeutic instrument in cardio-oncological treatment. This review will discuss the efficacy of gold nanomedicine in the attenuation of chemotherapy-associated cardiotoxicity. In addition, a novel combination therapy known as chemo-photothermal therapy will be discussed.
Environmental assessment of the qualitative characteristics of groundwater wells in Ali Al-Gharbi District (north of Maysan Governorate)
Authors: Hassan Salam Ali , Amer Wasan Jamil , Zahir Muhammad Juma Abdullah
Published: October 2024

Providing clean water suitable for drinking, agriculture and living organisms is essential in the ecosystem. Therefore, the qualitative assessment of water resources using qualitative indicators is considered one of the most appropriate ways to manage water and develop a regular program for water quality. In this research, 11 sites were used in the Ali Al-Gharbi district in order to evaluate the quality of water in these sites and compare it with international and Iraqi standards and its suitability for drinking. Agriculture, as the results showed that most of the concentrations of the qualitative specifications of the studied characteristics are not suitable for human use and agriculture in the study area.
Analysis of engineering-geological and hydrogeological processes in underground mining (illustrated by Nilu coal mine)
Authors: Qurbonov Elboy , Axunjanov Alimjan , Zafarov Olmos
Published: October 2024

In the article, the engineering-geological and hydrogeological processes in the mining facility during underground mine mining are studied, and the influence of the main factors in the development of these processes is analyzed. Areas where deformation processes took place in the mining facility were studied, the relationship between changes in groundwater consumption and atmospheric precipitation was studied graphically, the results of the samples taken from the mining facility were studied, and the porosity level of the rocks was analyzed.
Calculation of slope stability against erosion deformations
Authors: Lesov Kuvandik , O’ralov Akmal , Kenjaliyev Mukhamedali , Begmatov Nodir , Ergashev Ulug'bek
Published: October 2024

The paper considers the problems of erosion deformations occurrence for non-flooded slopes of railroad earth bed, where the main causes of scour are atmospheric precipitation or longitudinal currents along the bottom of the slope. The local stability of slopes is calculated taking into account the estimated velocity of water flow on the slope when water moves along the slope. Climatic conditions and soil characteristics on the Bukhara-Misken line were used for calculations. If local stability of slopes is not ensured, measures for slope stabilization are appointed. The technology of reinforcement of embankment slopes with geosynthetic materials with backfilling with a layer of vegetative soil and grass sowing is considered. The stability coefficient on the displacement surface is calculated taking into account the application of the selected reinforcement design. The stability coefficient on the displacement surface taking into account geomat reinforcement increased 3 times and exceeded the permissible minimum value.
Machine learning estimation of rock masses displacement
Authors: Kukartsev V.V. , Kleshko I.I. , Dalisova N.A. , Khramkov V.V.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the factors affecting landslide occurrence in Iran based on a dataset containing information on more than 4000 landslide cases. Both natural (slope, height, rainfall, distance to rivers and faults) and anthropogenic (type of land use) factors were studied. A random forest model was used to predict landslide risk and assess the significance of various factors. The results show that the most significant factors are terrain slope, elevation and distance to water bodies and tectonic faults. These findings can be used to develop preventive measures and improve landslide risk management strategies in the region.
Analysis of geographically distributed ore deposit production status data
Authors: Kleshko I.I. , Kukartsev V.V. , Semenova E.
Published: October 2024

Analyzing the geographic distribution of ore deposits is crucial in understanding global resource availability, economic implications, and environmental impacts of mining activities. This article examines the distribution patterns of various ore types worldwide, highlighting their economic significance and current mining status. Utilizing tools such as Pandas for data preprocessing, Matplotlib and Seaborn for visualization, Geopandas for geographic data handling, and Scikit-learn for clustering analysis, we present a comprehensive review of ore deposits. Major ore types such as gold, copper, and iron are explored, emphasizing their industrial importance and geographic prevalence. The analysis reveals that many deposits are classified as Past Producers, indicating extensive historical mining activity. This underscores the need for efficient resource management and sustainable mining practices in the future. By understanding these distributions and statuses, stakeholders can better strategize for future mining ventures and environmental stewardship.
Complex well development technology using a vibration pump
Authors: Saveleva N. N. , Shed S. N.
Published: October 2024

This article deals with the application and efficiency of the unified pumping and vibration device type UNTVU-73 for the complex technology of well development, hydrodynamic research of formations and intensification of oil and gas tributaries. The principle of well blasting is based on the creation of deep controlled cyclic depressions on the formation, which makes it possible to clean the bottom of the formation from sand and drill mud particles. During the operation of the jet pump, controlled depressions can be created, pressure can be measured with depth gauges, real-time measurement of pressure reduction curves can be monitored and various samples can be taken for chemical analysis. The use of the pumping and vibration device makes it possible to develop wells without the use of piles or expensive nitrogen compressor units. The use of a jet pump makes it possible to conduct high-quality hydrodynamic research of wells.
Application of neural networks to predict the quality of iron ore concentrate based on flotation data
Authors: Kukartsev Vladislav , Degtyareva Ksenia
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a study aimed at developing and testing a neural network model for predicting the percentage of silica in iron ore concentrate obtained during flotation. The problem of precise control of the silica content is critical for the mining industry, since the quality of the final product and, accordingly, its market value depend on it. During the study, data was collected from the flotation plant, their preliminary processing was carried out, including standardization and elimination of missing values. The developed neural network model included two hidden layers and was trained on real data. The evaluation of the model quality showed high results, which was confirmed by the metrics of mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2). Additionally, an analysis of the visualizations of the residuals and predicted values confirmed the accuracy and stability of the model. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed model can be effectively used in production conditions to improve process control and improve product quality in the mining industry.
Ground temperature monitoring at the meteorological observatory site of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
Authors: Frolov D. M. , Rzhanitsyn G. A. , Gagarin V .E. , Koshurnikov A. V. , Lokoshchenko M. A.
Published: October 2024

According to international climate reports, global warming is not slowing down, and the summer of 2024 will be the hottest on record in the Northern Hemisphere, with an anomalous temperature increase of 0.68°C compared to the 1991-2020 average. The summer of 2024 is particularly marked by an increase in temperature in northern Russia, causing permafrost to thaw. To monitor the response of permafrost to climate change, a monitoring system based on Roshydromet meteorological stations is being established in the Russian Federation, with more than 140 sites planned to be installed by 2025. The monitoring methodology will comply with Russian GOSTs and international standards. The MSU meteorological observatory is also equipped with thermometric boreholes to collect data on ground temperature at the site with natural cover and at the site without natural cover. The results of observations at these thermometric boreholes are compared with mathematical models of the thermal state of the ground at these sites. The results of the observations and mathematical modeling have shown effective methods of analysis and will make it possible to obtain meaningful results on the thermal state of the ground depending on the presence of natural cover.
The current state and ways of development of geoinformation technology systems in agriculture
Authors: Porkashyan Margarita , Spektor Lyudmila
Published: October 2024

The current state, challenges, trends, and pathways for digital transformation in agriculture are analyzed and assessed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of developing digital geographic information systems and implementing strategies to integrate agricultural sectors into the digital revolution. Within the country's agro-industrial complex, there is a dynamic increase in both the scale and quality of information technology adoption. A burgeoning investment sector labeled “Agrotech” is emerging, poised to address longstanding challenges within the industry through digitalization and automation of production, economic, and supply-chain processes, thereby enhancing the investment appeal of agriculture. The implementation of a modern, integrated accounting and analytical digital information system is envisioned to swiftly identify factors influencing outcomes and facilitate informed managerial decisions.
Geospatial trends for the industries efficiency in Baghdad and its environmental impacts
Authors: Salman Muhammad Dawoud , Ali Salam Fadel
Published: October 2024

This research aims at identifying the reality of distribution efficiency of the large and medium industrial facilities construction in Baghdad University Moreover, liquid industrial waste contaminated water, the source of the waste in it and its specifications. That the public industrial efficiency of large and medium industries in Baghdad Governorate and its trends appeared in response to the standard variance of number of employees and value added, moreover large and medium industries increased the environment pollution and caused harm to its elements, as the environment related studies showed that there are severe pollution cases in some material, with high percentage which are considered risk to public health such as lead, sulfur, mercury, carbon dioxide, and other solid and liquid materials that are emitted from industrial facilities in Baghdad Governorate. , its environmental impacts, analysis of this efficiency, and extract the conclusions through the reply to the research problem represented in the variation in the level of efficiency of the large and medium industries sector and their environmental impacts in Baghdad Governorate in addition to the fact that it doesn’t reflect the real fact of the medium and large industries inherited in it, through axes, the first one addresses the reality of the industrial indicators of the large and medium industries in Baghdad, and its geographical distribution, the industrial activities branches, its construction in Baghdad in 2023, while the second axe addresses the efficiency of the large and medium industries (economic, social, productive), its spatial trends at the district level and according to industrial branches , whereas, the third axis addresses the Air pollutants resulted from large and medium industries that are existing in Baghdad, the gaseous and particulate emissions resulted thereof. Research concluded to a set of conclusions such as the variation among large and medium industries in terms of industrial indicators in Baghdad Governorate.
Innovative technologies and their implementation in the field of sanitation and water supply
Authors: Pona Irina , Spektor Lyudmila
Published: October 2024

Digitalization in the water supply and sanitation system refers to the introduction of modern digital technologies and solutions to enhance the efficiency and productivity of these systems. Numerous innovations and advanced technologies contribute to improving the efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability of water supply and sanitation systems. This includes the use of various water-saving technologies, ultrafiltration, remote monitoring and control systems, smart water meters, and more. To maximize the efficiency of the water supply and sanitation system, it is essential to integrate as many different innovative technologies as possible. The article identifies existing problems within the water supply and sanitation system and explores solutions through various innovations. It also discusses the innovative technologies already implemented in the system and how they contribute to its improved operation.
Effective regulation of water resources in the regions: Technologies, strategies and innovations
Authors: Chernushenko Maxim , Golodov Maxim
Published: October 2024

Water resources management is a critical issue for sustainable regional development. The main objective of this study was to analyze water degradation problems and identify necessary technological solutions for rational and sustainable water resources management at the regional level. Systematic methods of analysis, comparative analysis, and modeling were applied. The results indicate that introducing an integrated approach to water resources management, combined with advanced water-saving technologies, can effectively address water scarcity issues and contribute to sustainable regional development. The study showed that successful implementation of sustainable water management strategies requires close inter-regional and inter-sectoral cooperation, active involvement of all stakeholders, and the ability to adapt to changing climatic conditions. Thus, it is necessary to develop and implement regional strategies for rational water use that consider local specifics and the needs of relevant territories.
Impact of climate change on the different borders of Iraq's rainy territories
Authors: Khudair Ammar Taha
Published: October 2024

The research concluded that rainfall amounts do not follow a specific spatial pattern in their changes, but rather tend towards an increase in some spatial ranges shown by the modeling maps, which may indicate that it is an extreme increase and not an actual increase. It also became clear that the stations in the north and center of the study area recorded the highest amount of rainfall during the first study period, and decreased during the second, third, fourth and fifth study periods, then it increased again during the sixth period, this is a result of climate change and the decrease in the frequency of rainy weather depressions, especially frontal ones.The high rainfall region occupy an area of %(62.6, 39.8, 53.9, 59.7, 50.0, 0.0, 73.6) for all periods respectively, Thus, the fifth period is the least occupied period in the spatial dimension, so that the high rainfall region category has completely receded. At a rate of (zero) km2 and with a deviation of (%62.6), the research also found that a region with low rainfall amounts was also subject to spatial changes, as it was found that a region with low rainfall occupies an area ratio of (12.8, 20.5, 19.8, 19.8, 17.9, 17.3, 27.1, 4.6) for all periods respectively, this means that the fifth period is the largest spatial extent for a region with low amounts of rain at (27.1) mm, while the sixth period is less extensive at (8.2-) mm.
Advancements in environmental practices within Russia's chemical sector
Authors: Zotov Maksim
Published: October 2024

The research is focused on exploring the theoretical aspects of environmental innovation implementation. It would be beneficial to consider the management of environmental innovation at the enterprises of the chemical industry. It is worth noting that this industry plays a significant role in environmental pollution. Through the introduction of environmental innovation, there is potential to not only reduce emissions and waste generation in the production of goods and services, but also to improve economic and social indicators. Such measures may well lead to increased competitiveness in the long term. The paper examines the innovation activity of enterprises engaged in the production of fertilizers and nitrogen compounds, soap and detergents, plastics and synthetic resins in primary forms, and synthetic rubber. We hope to shed light on the main directions of introduction of ecological innovations in the process of production of goods and services in the chemical industry of the Russian Federation.
Comparison of CO2 emissions during the operation of autonomous heating systems
Authors: Toropov Alexey
Published: October 2024

The issue of CO2 emissions from heat generators in autonomous heating systems is one of the most important indicators of human technological impact on the Earth's atmosphere. Heat generation is carried out by heat pumps, gas and electric boilers, and systems using solid and liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The purpose of this work is to assess the CO2 emission rate per kilowatt of thermal energy for the specified generators of heating systems based on the actual energy efficiency of heat generators in heating systems with radiator-type heating devices. The study uses official data from Rosstat RF, reports from the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Economic Development, current GOST standards, and regulatory documents. CO2 emission values per kilowatt of thermal energy are determined for autonomous water heating systems when generating thermal energy with air-source heat pumps (ASHP), gas condensing and convection boilers, and boilers using solid and liquid fuels. The assessment of CO2 emissions from heat generators of autonomous water heating systems showed a dependency on the structure of electricity production and transportation, climate, and the heating devices used. All these parameters vary across different countries. Analyzing data for specific countries shows that different heating units have the minimal carbon footprint.
Study of the environmental impact of robotisation of production in rural areas
Authors: Zagazezheva Oksana , Khadzhieva Maryam , Shalova Sataney , Kray Karina
Published: October 2024

The article explores social, environmental and economic sustainability of agriculture related to the well-being of rural areas. The transition to resource-saving technologies and renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and biogas energy will reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the negative impact on the environment. In the article the authors analyse the problems and prospects for the development of the agricultural industry. The paper also explores the key directions of rural development. At the same time, examples of specific technologies and robots that solve important problems to minimise the negative impact on the environment are presented.
Test results of diaphragm piston pump made of composite material based on polyurethane compound
Authors: Kataev Yuri , Sviridov Alexey , Shitov Alexander
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of bench tests of diaphragm membrane-piston pumps made of composite materials based on two- component polyurethane. The tests were carried out with the help of a rupture machine, equipped with special equipment, which allows to imitate the complex stress-strain state in the diaphragm, which is characteristic of the operation of pumps in real conditions. According to the results of the tests, the diaphragm with the content of basalt is 1 and 2 ob. % showed the same ultimate strength.
Analysis and assessment of the competitiveness of oil refining enterprises in the Samara region of Russia
Authors: Minin Andrey , Naugolnova Irina
Published: October 2024

This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of oil refining enterprises in the Samara region compared to other leading Russian companies in the industry. Various methods, approaches, and techniques were employed to evaluate the current state of development and level of competitiveness, allowing for well-founded conclusions regarding the directions for enhancing the competitiveness of Samara's oil refining enterprises in today's geopolitical and sanction-driven environment. The research demonstrated a relatively high level of financial indicators, reflecting the degree of business activity, liquidity, and solvency of the companies. The main challenges for further development are associated with the need for production modernization, digitization of business processes, and active innovative development, which require substantial investment.
Evaluation of operational reliability of diesel fuel system elements
Authors: Yakubov Khushnud , Ravutov Shavkat , Khayitov Abdulla , Radjabov Rashid , Mirzayev Otabek
Published: October 2024

In the article, as a result of a review and analysis of studies on the reliability of elements of the power system of diesel engines, it was determined that the cause of most failures of elements of the power system is the presence of impurities and water in the fuel, and the use of a defective fuel filter. The purpose of the study is to assess the degree of reliability of elements of the power supply system of diesel engines under normal operating conditions. For this purpose, an observation program has been drawn up for a group of intensively working tractors. Taking into account apriori information, the following elements (nodes) were selected as observed elements. P1—fuel tank and fuel lines, P2—settler filter, Pz— high pressure fuel pump; P4 – fuel nozzle. The observation results were subjected to statistical processing and the probabilities of failure-free operation of each element were constructed. The correlation dependence of failure-free operation between the observed elements of the power system was assessed. To assess the actual reliability, the main statistical characteristics of the time between failures of the elements of the power system of the diesel engines of the tractors participating in the experiment were calculated. Graphs of the distribution of time between failures of power system elements were constructed, conclusions were drawn regarding the reliability and service life of the elements.
Design and technical characteristics of a three-channel mobile lidar for atmospheric gas analysis
Authors: Yakovlev Semyon , Sadovnikov Sergey , Kryuchkov Alexander , Tuzhilkin Dmitry , Kravtsova Natalya
Published: October 2024

The technical appearance of the developed three-channel mobile IR-band lidar system is presented. The output energy characteristics of the lidar channels for H2O, CO2, CH4 sounding were experimentally determined and the signals were registered on selected horizontal sounding paths.
Analysis of the causes of formation of ethanolamine destruction products in absorbent solutions used in gas cleaning
Authors: Bozorova G.B. , Turayev T.B. , Rakhimov H.N. , Eshankulov N. , Dushamov A.
Published: October 2024

The causes of degradation of absorbent solutions used in natural gas purification were analyzed. Factors affecting the physico-chemical properties of absorbents, absorption volume were studied. Compounds (thermally stable salts (TBT), organic acids, di-, tri-, tetra-compounds of amines) affecting the efficiency of gas cleaning and reducing the physico- chemical and working properties of ethanolamine solution were studied. It was determined that the accumulation of the above compounds in the absorbent solution causes its saturation, adversely affects the physico- chemical and working properties of the absorbent solution, and makes it unsuitable for the gas cleaning process.
The impact of deposits in cylindrical pipes on hydrodynamics and heat transfer
Authors: Ponikarov Sergey
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with the problems of shell-and-tube heat exchangers operation taking into account the influence of scale and corrosion deposits on heat transfer efficiency. On the basis of numerical modeling performed in the ANSYS CFX program complex, research of various geometrical characteristics of heat exchangers, as well as deposit thicknesses on the heat transfer efficiency was carried out. The simulation results showed that the increase in fouling thickness worsens heat transfer in heat exchangers with large tube diameters, while in heat exchangers with small diameters the heat transfer fluid velocity increases, compensating for the additional thermal resistance. The influence of various parameters on the operation of heat exchanger equipment is evaluated and recommendations on optimization of its operation and frequency of cleaning are offered.
Approbation of the test stand for piston hydraulic cylinders
Authors: Rybak Alexander , Meskhi Besarion , Rudoy Dmitry , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Pelipenko Alexey , Serdyukova Yuliya , Teplyakova Svetlana , Prutskov Alexey , Kolesnikov Ivan
Published: October 2024

Test of the end production in the mechanic engineering requires extensive energy consumption which is often lost irrevocably during testing processes and inflict damage on environment. Thus, issues of energy conservation during testing processes become actual. The most productive way of energy conservation during the process of machine testing is recuperation of energy. The objective of the present article is to confirm of the proposed theory about the possibility of recuperating part of the energy while testing piston hydraulic cylinders. Piston hydraulic cylinders are actively used in machines’ hydraulic drive and various stationary production equipment. Operating time to failure of the hydraulic cylinder is usually regulated by a manufacturing plant and commonly includes number of working cycles or general piston’s motion distance. To achieve the stated objective, the structure of the test stand for a trial run of piston hydraulic cylinders. The principal diagram is also developed. On the basis of the theory of volume stiffness, the simulation of test stand’s operation is made. The software program is developed using the software package SimInTech. The preliminary calculations of test stand’s functioning are made. Its operating factors are obtained.
Modeling of temperature profile during heating of fuel oil with water steam in a single-pass tubular heat exchanger
Authors: Fugarov D. D. , Purchina O. A. , Purchina A. D.
Published: October 2024

Heat-exchange equipment of various types makes up a significant part of technological apparatuses in the gas and petrochemical industries. This is explained by the fact that almost all technological processes in the refining and petrochemical industries (heating, rectification, drying, evaporation, etc.) are associated, one way or another, with the need to supply or remove heat. The purpose of this work is to analyze the heat exchange apparatuses used in petrochemistry, to compile a methodology for calculating heat exchange apparatuses, to review existing mathematical models of heat exchange processes, and to formulate the corresponding boundary value problems, and to develop a mathematical model that allows us to calculate the temperature profiles when fuel oil is heated with water vapor in a single-pass tubular heat exchanger along the length of the heat exchange apparatus. Within the framework of the conducted research mathematical models of the thermal field at heating of fuel oil with water steam in a single-pass tubular heat exchanger depending on the design, geometric dimensions and operating conditions of the heat exchanger were created and realized. The proposed mathematical models can be used to select the optimal parameters of the heat exchanger and the optimal fuel oil pumping rate in the heat exchanger, which will provide a sufficiently high heat transfer coefficient and not too high head losses.
Modeling of dynamic characteristics for hydraulic drive under nonstationary load
Authors: Sokolov Vladimir , Krol Oleg
Published: October 2024

The methodology for estimating the transient response and frequency characteristics for volumetric hydraulic drive under nonstationary load is proposed. The methodology is based on obtaining the transfer function for the speed of movement for the drive output link according to the load. To obtain the transfer function, the nonlinear mathematical model of translational hydraulic drive has been compiled, including the motion equations for the hydraulic cylinder piston, the equations of continuity in the pressure and drain cavities, taking into account compressibility of the working fluid. Hydraulic losses are described by quadratic dependence. In addition to the generally arbitrary load acting on the hydraulic cylinder rod, the resistance force proportional to the speed of movement of the hydraulic cylinder piston is also considered. By linearization of the mathematical model, the transfer function for the speed of movement on load is established in the form of fractional rational function of the third order. The dependences for calculating the coefficients of the transfer function is determined. The example of calculating the transient response, amplitude and phase frequency characteristics is given. The presented results can be used in the design and modernization of technological equipment with hydraulic drives.
State and prospects for environmental safety of cutting fluids: Review of technological processing processes
Authors: Pogrebnaya Irina , Mikhailova Svetlana
Published: October 2024

Purpose of the study: to consider technological processes for processing cutting fluids. Scientific hypothesis: it is necessary to change and improve the technological processes themselves in order to comprehensively and most fully process raw materials during the production process, thereby reducing the volume of waste, converting them into forms that are least harmful to the environment. Industry has a significant negative impact on the environment, characterized by the release of hazardous substances and the accumulation of both liquid and solid toxic waste. The need to protect the environment leads to significant changes in general approaches to ensuring the environmental efficiency of production and the introduction of systems for integrated processing of raw materials.
Improving the efficiency of the vml60 compressor using a chain variator and hydraulic system
Authors: Ponikarov Artem
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with the modernization of the AERZEN VML60 screw compressor, in which the synchronizing gears were replaced by a chain variator with hydraulic pulley pitch control. This solution significantly improved propeller speed control, increased control accuracy, reduced noise and vibration, and extended the operating range of the compressor. The upgrade reduced vibration by 20%, noise by 15%, and improved overall compressor efficiency by 15%. A thermal and gas dynamic calculation of the compressor was also performed, confirming the stable operation of the system under various operating conditions. The main advantages of the proposed solution over a variable speed drive include reduced installation and maintenance complexity, and more flexible and reliable compressor speed control.
Analysis of noise sources in the cabin of a passenger aircraft and methods for combating them
Authors: Prokopenko Denis
Published: October 2024

This paper examined the problem of noise in the aircraft cabin and ways to solve it. Through observations, the following causes of noise were identified: the power plant (acoustic and mechanical vibrations, turbulent boundary layer and others), the location of the engine relative to the airframe, the noise of the propeller (if it is a propeller power plant), the propeller of the power plant itself, the air conditioning system, and so on the same operating device in the cabin. There is a comprehensive way to solve the problem of noise in the aircraft cabin: for aircraft with turbojet engines, measures aimed at changing the design and use of sound- absorbing materials can be effective. For a turboprop aircraft, it is necessary to create low-noise propellers and synchronize the rotation of the propellers. For air conditioning elements, reducing duct and exhaust velocities allows for satisfactory acoustic performance of these sources. The reduction in “cabin noise” is achieved by changing the manufacturing technology of various noisy units. It should be emphasized that the possibility of reduction in the cabin and the aircraft is, in principle, laid down when designing the units and the aircraft as a whole. It is worth noting sound insulation, vibration insulation, as well as the rational location of noisy units, including the power plant, relative to the passenger cabin of the aircraft. From the study on sound insulation, we conclude that it is best to use 2 sound insulation options. Reducing noise is a feasible task and its greatest progress is achieved even at the design stage itself
Modeling the trajectories of floating and non-floating microplastic particles in the water column
Authors: Sukhinov Alexander , Protsenko Elena , Protsenko Sofya
Published: October 2024

The distribution and movement of microparticles of plastic (MP) in freshwater and marine environments are determined by the characteristics of both MP and the surrounding flow. The most common plastic polymers in the aquatic environment, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, have a density lower than the density of water. Therefore, based only on buoyancy, it is expected that most MP will be present in the surface layers of the aquatic environment. In both freshwater and marine environments, turbulence-induced mixing depends on factors such as velocity gradient and convective flow. Consequently, the surface wind, the deep temperature gradient and the breaking of waves in the surf zone can lead to the formation of turbulence and deep vertical mixing. In such conditions, in addition to gravity and buoyancy, the motion caused by turbulent mixing can affect the vertical transport and distribution of particles. The paper presents the results of modeling Lagrangian trajectories for floating particles and non-floating particles, under wave conditions they correspond to regular waves, while the particle sizes range from 10 microns to 5 mm, and the density ranges from 0.88 to 2.80 g/cm3, which is within some of the most common densities of microplastic particles.
The thermal efficiency of the heat receiving panels of solar collectors and CFD analysis of a screw duct collector
Authors: Akhmadov Kh.S. , Shadmanov I.U. , Akramov A.S. , Iskandarov Z. S. , Sobirov M.M.
Published: October 2024

The designs of heat-receiving panels, which are the main absorbing elements of solar collectors, as well as new designs of heat- receiving panels of solar collectors, are considered and studied in order to organize production based on local raw materials. The CFD analysis of the solar spiral collector was performed using the SolidWorks software. The initial 3D drawing of the panel was developed and the project was developed in Flow Simulation and certain results were obtained. The obtained results were compared with the results of previously published articles. These results are detailed in the Results and Discussion section of the article.
Photocunductivity spectra of thin solid solution films CdSexS1-x
Authors: Akhmadaliyev Bozorboy , Rakhmonov Tokhirbek , Sulaimonov Khusanboy , Nurmatov Ozodbek
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on the energy spectra of activation of intrinsic defects in photosensitive films of solid solution CdSexS1-x depending on the conditions of their preparation and thermal treatment in different environments. This study investigates the photoconductivity spectra of thin films composed of the solid solution CdSexS1-x, focusing on the impact of preparation and thermal treatment conditions on the activation energy spectra of intrinsic defects. The films were synthesized using thermal evaporation in a vacuum and subjected to various thermal processes. The results indicate that the photoconductive properties are highly influenced by structural defects and point defects within the crystalline lattice, which create deep levels in the forbidden zone of the semiconductor. These findings advance the understanding of the physical processes in polycrystalline films and highlight the potential of CdSexS1-x films for developing light-emitting diodes and lasers in the infrared and visible spectra.
Influence of the heat accumulator’s storing capacity to increase the efficiency of helogreenhouses
Authors: Faiziev T.A. , Sadykov Zh.D. , Yakhshiboev Sh.K. , Umarova S.U. , Suyunov B.M.
Published: October 2024

The theoretical study carried out shows that the main geometric and energy characteristics of solar greenhouses are the coefficients of enclosure and heat accumulation. The influx of solar radiation depends little on the angle of incidence of the rays on transparent surfaces, and mainly depends on the surface area of the transparent fence. The amount of heat accumulated in a heat accumulator is determined by its heat-storing efficiency: material, ability to absorb solar radiation, volume, location. With sufficient mass values of the heat-storing elements, all or almost all of the solar energy captured by the heat-storing elements is usefully used, overheating in the greenhouse is eliminated, and daily fluctuations in air temperature in the greenhouse are smoothed out.