bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
नेपालको गौरव : खेलकुदमा सेना {Pride of Nepal: Army in Sports}
Authors: न्यौपाने नारायण प्रसाद
Published: March 2022

खेलकुद आधुनिक समाजको अभिन्न अङ्ग हो। व्यक्ति, समाज र समुदायलाई अनुशासित र स्वस्थ्य बनाउन मद्दत गर्ने खेलकुदको विकासलाई अहिले देश विकासकै प्रमाणका रूपमा हेरिन्छ। पछिल्लो समयमा नेपाली खेलकुदका थुप्रै विधामा अग्रपङ्क्तिमा रहेर देशको गौरव बनेको नेपाली सेनाले यो अवस्थामा आइपुग्न थुप्रै आरोह अवरोहको सामना गर्नुपरेको छ । समस्या कथन: नेपालको खेलकुद विकासमा सेनाको योगदान कस्तो छ र कसरी ऊ यो अवस्थामा पुग्यो भन्ने मूल प्रश्नको खोजीमा यो अनुसन्धान केन्द्रित छ । उद्देश्य: नेपालको खेलकुदमा सेनाको सहभागिता र यसको विकासमा उसले पुर्याएको योगदानको अन्वेषण गर्नु यस शोधको उद्देश्य हो । अनुसन्धान विधि: यसमा मूलत: गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान विधिको अनुसरण गरिएको छ । उपलब्ध प्रकाशित वा अप्रकाशित कृतिबाट प्राप्त माध्यमिक तथ्य वा आंकडाको विश्लेषण यो शोधको निष्कर्शका आधार हो । अनुसन्धान सीमा: यस अध्ययनले नेपालको खेलकुद र सेनाको सहभागिताको इतिहासलाई प्रस्तुत गरेको छ । कुनै खेलविशेषको इतिहासलाई यसले सम्बोधन गर्दैन । व्याख्या र विश्लेषण: वि सं २००७ अघि केही घरानिया सौखिन युवाहरूको प्रयास, सोख र रहरमा सीमित नेपालको खेलकुदले त्यसको लगत्तैपछि बामे सर्न सुरु गरे पनि २०१५ सालपछि भने खुट्टा चलाउन सुरु गरेको हो। औपचारिक नीति, नियम, प्रशिक्षण र प्रयासहरू झाङ्गिदै जाँदा नेपाली सेनाले देशको यस प्रयासमा आफ्नोतर्फबाट योगदान गर्न सुरु गर्यो । आफ्नै छुट्टै खेल मैदान निर्माण, देशका प्रख्यात र युवा खेलाडीहरूलाई अनुबन्ध, आफ्ना खेलाडीलाई विभिन्न खेल विधामा ख्याति प्राप्त प्रशिक्षकमार्फत नियमित अभ्यासका साथै राष्ट्रिय र अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय प्रतियोगितामा सहभागिता सेनाको यस प्रयासका प्रामाणिक उदाहरण हुन् । सेनाको त्रिभुवन आर्मी क्लबले एसियाली फुटबल महासंघको क्लब लाइसेन्स पाउन सफल हुनु नेपालको फुटबलमा एउटा महत्वपूर्ण उपलब्धि हो । सेनाले देशभरका प्रतिभावान खेलाडीको पहिचान गरी तिनको प्रतिभा निखारेर देशले गौरव गर्ने जनशक्ति निर्माणमा योगदान गर्न सक्छ । अनुसन्धानको गठन: प्रारम्भमा अनुसन्धानको विषयको पृष्ठभूमि, उद्देश्य, समस्याकथन र अनुसन्धान विधि सहितको संक्षिप्त परिचय र तत्पश्चात उपलब्ध सान्दर्भिक कृतिहरुका उद्धरण रहेको यस अनुसन्धान प्रतिवेदनको तेस्रो खण्डमा प्राप्त तथ्यहरुको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस खण्डको प्रारम्भमा नेपालमा खेलकुदको विकासको इतिहास र खेलकुदको सस्थागत विकासदको चर्चा गरिएको छ भने त्यसपछिका भागहरुमा खेलकुद विकासमा नेपाली सेनाको सहभागिता र योगदानबारे विस्तारमा व्याख्या र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । अन्त्यमा, चौथो खण्डमा अनुसन्धानबाट प्राप्त निष्कर्षलाईसंक्षेपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
नेपालको राष्ट्रियता, राष्ट्रिय एकता र यसको चुनौतिहरु {Nepal's Nationality, National Unity and its Challenges}
Authors: प्रसाई Prasain धुव्रराज Dhurbaraj
Published: March 2022

जन्म दिने आमा र जन्म भूमि स्वर्गभन्दा प्यारो हुन्छ भन्ने भनाइ भित्र समाहित भएर आÏनो देशको माटो, पूर्खाको वलिदानले आर्जन गरेको गौरवमय इतिहास, अनादिकालदेखि निरन्तर चल्दै र परिमार्जन हुदै आएको जीवन पद्धति, जाति, भाषा, धर्म, कला, सस्कृति तथा प्रकृतिको अपार देन प्रतिको आत्मियता, अनुराग, सम्मान तथा तिनलाई बचाई राख्ने जीउादो इच्छा शक्ति नै राष्ट्रियता हो । देशको सार्वभौमसत्ता, भौगोलिक अखण्डता, स्वाधीनता, स्वाभिमान र राष्ट्रिय हितमा समर्पित शक्तिले मात्र राष्ट्रियता र राष्ट्रिय एकतालाई अक्षुण राख्न सक्दछ । टुक्रे राज्यहरुको एकीकरण मार्फत आधुनिक नेपाल निर्माणको जग तयार गरेर राष्ट्रिय एकताको भावना जागृत गर्न श्री ५ पृथ्वीनारायण शाहको भूमिका अविस्मरणीय र अतुलनीय रहेको देखिन्छ । भूगोल, जाति, भाषा, धर्म, सभ्यता, संस्कृति आदिको विविधता बीच दरिलो एकता कायम गर्दै राष्ट्रियताको प्रवद्र्धन मार्फत मात्र दिगो विकास र संमृद्धि हासिल गर्न सकिन्छ ।
Formulation of Rifampicin Suspension
Authors: A. Sabri Lubna , A. Abdul-Rasool Alaa , A. Shehab Muayad
Published: March 2022

Rifampicin is the drug of choice in treatment of tuberculosis. Also, it is effective in treatment of various bacterial infections.This study was carried out to prepare a stable suspension for rifampicin through preparation of different formulas of rifampicin aqueous suspension either as ready to use or as granular powder to be reconstituted.The selected formula (A) was evaluated and compared with commercial brand of rifampicin (RifactineÂ®) as a reference through measuring their dissolution rates and other physical properties.The results indicated that the selected formula had better dissolution rate compared with the reference suspension and the rheogram showed that the selected formula was less viscous than the reference one.Also, it was found that the granular rifampicin was more stable than the ready to use suspension, since the expiration date of granular rifampicin was 2.6 years, while the expiration date of ready to use suspension was 1.8 years.

Key words :Rifampicin , Suspending agent ,Powder for reconstitution , Aqueous suspension
Micro encapsulation of Naproxen By Complex Coacervation and Aqueous Colloid Dispersion Part ( 1 )
Authors: N.Abood Ahmad , I. Khalil Yehia
Published: March 2022

Naproxen is a non steroidal anti inflammatory and antipyretic drug which has local irritation effect  on  the  stomach, and  unpleasant taste,  besides bad   flowability and light sensitivity .The drug was prepared as microcapsules by complex coacervation method using acacia-gelatin coating materials , and aqueous colloid polymer dispersion method ( ACPD ), using ethyl cellulose and sodium alginate coating materials . The results indicated that microcapsules prepared by 2:1  core:wall ratio is the best for both methods, with an average encapsulation efficiency (75%) and avarege yield (90%) .

Moreover the drug release was affected mainly by core : ratio ,pH enviroment and method of microencapsulation .

Key words: Naproxen,Microcapsule , Aqueaus colloid polymer dispersion
The Chages in Sex Hormones in Female Working in Battries Manufacturing Plant
Authors: A. Taher Mohammed , A.Hammadi Salim , A.Ali Ali
Published: March 2022

Lead has toxic effects on reproduction of both male and female.  It can cause decreased sex drive ,  infertility and abnormal menstrual cycle  in women.  This study was designed to evaluate the effect of exposure to lead in batteries female workers on sex hormones level in the serum.Thirty nine (39) female workers (volunteers) in Iraqi Batteries Manufacturing Plants, Al-Waziriya / Baghdad  were participated in this study. They are classified into 3 groups,  first group included fourteen (14) female that  have been employed for 1-7 years ,  second  group  included thirteen (13) female that have been employed for 8-14 years , third  group included twelve (12) female have been employed for15-22 years and and fourteen females were included as the control . Blood lead level, serum FSH, LH, prolactin and total testosterone  were measured and compared for all subjects.The results indicated that mean of blood lead levels (BLL), testosterone levels were highly significant in all worker groups compared to the control (p<0.005).Prolactin levels in group I and FSH in group III were significantly higher than that in control ( P< 0.005) and (P<0.05)  respectively.  LH levels  in groups II and III were significantly higher than that in control (P<0.05, P<0.005 respectively). High incidence of hirsutism (48%)  and   miscarriages (50%) were observed in worker groups compared to control (11%). The results indicated that there are hormonal changes in female workers exposed to lead  associated with increased incidence of hirsutism and miscarriages compared to non exposed females .

Key words: Lead , Sex hormones hyperandrogenemia
Synergistic Effect of Potassium Clavulanate in Combination withCefamandol and Ceftazidime on B- Lactamase, Extracted From Resistant E.coli
Authors: S. Shaokat Siham , A. Hameed Hamoudi
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vitro activity of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, in combination with potassium clavulanate against 10 uropathogenic E.coli isolated from patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), these isolates were identified by the Api identification systems.The antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determined by Kirby-Bauer method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Cefamandol and Ceftazidime, were determined, by tube method. These isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (Amp), Amoxicillin (Amo), Carbenicillin (Cb), Ticarcillin (Tic), Amoxicillin\ Potassium Clavulanate {Augmentin}, (Amo\CA), Ticarcillin\ Potassium Clavulanate {Timentin} (Tic\CA), Cefamandol (Cfm) and Ceftazidime (Cfz), also resistant to other antibiotics, such as Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Trimethoprim and (50% of the isolates were resistant to Nalidixic acid and Rifampicin). Transfer of plasmids  by direct conjugation experiments were performed by mating 10 strains  with recipient strain E.coliK12C  600 Rif or Nal resistant, and cell free b- lactamases were prepared and detected by macro-iodometric method. The activities of each cell free bâ€“ lactamases extract against Cfm and Cfz were determined by disks diffusion method (microbiological Masuda method) and by macro-iodometric method. The activity of b- lactamases was inhibited by the addition of Potassium Clavulanate. Conclusion:

Good effectiveness of Cfm\ CA and Cfz\ CA was obtained against resistant strains of E.coli due to complicated urinary tract infection (UTIs).

Key words: b- lactamases, Cefamandol, Ceftazidime, Timentin and  Augmentin .
Clinical Evaluation of Melatonin Alone and in Combination with Pizotifen in the Prophylaxis of Migraine
Authors: M.Mohamed Ali Muqdam , A. Humadi Salim , N. Al-Jaff Ashwaq
Published: March 2022

The treatment of migraine headache targets the neurovascular mechanism and involves the use of serotonin receptor antagonists. Some of these drugs are used for the treatment of acute attacks; while others are effective as prophylactic measures to decrease the duration and frequency of attacks. Pizotifen, a 5-HTA antagonist, is one of the prophylactic drugs for which the clinical use resulted in low outcomes in reducing migraine symptoms. Melatonin, a serotonin derived neurohormone, was reported to exert many functions like sleep induction, anti-inflammatory, neurovascular regulation, cytoprotection and modulation of neurotransmitter release.  In the view of the involvement of serotonin in the pathophysiology of migraine and the properties of melatonin, the present study has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin alone or in combination with pizotifen for the improvement of migraine symptoms. The study was conducted on 72 patients, which were under neurologist supervision during the entire period of study. The patients were instructed to avoid any precipitating diet (chocolate, cheese,â€¦ etc) and where randomly divided into 4 groups each of 18. The first group was treated with melatonin (3mg, 30 minutes before bed time); the second with pizotifen (0.5mg twice daily); the third with melatonin (at night) and pizotifen (twice daily); and the fourth with placebo (at night). The treatment was continued for 42 days and was followed up and monitored each week. After a month of treatment, the severity, duration and frequency of migraine attacks were recorded using special migraine scoring system.The results revealed that melatonin alone significantly decreased the severity, duration and frequency of migraine attack by 48%, 53% and 45.75%, respectively; while these produced by pizotifen were significantly reduced by 25%, 45.3% and 27.5%, respectively. The effect of pizotifen was generally enhanced by the addition of melatonin and the improvement in migraine symptoms were, severity (59%), duration (62.7%) and frequency (58%). These effects were generally low in placebo treated group and the reduction in severity, duration and symptoms were (12.2%, 20% and 16.2%, respectively). The distribution of patients according to their response as complete or partial was significantly different among treated groups; and within the same group is differ according to the measured parameter suggesting involvement of factors other than treatment in the improvement of migraine symptoms such as psychological state, stress and others.The study has concluded the effectiveness of melatonin alone and in combination with pizotifen as a prophylactic measure in term of reducing the severity, duration and symptoms of migraine headache.

Key words: migraine headache, pizotifen, melatonin.
Protective Effect of Benfotiamine against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rabbits
Authors: H. Abdulrazzaq Munaf
Published: March 2022

The protective effect of benfotiamine against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was evaluated in rabbits. Pretreatment of rabbits with 70mg/kg benfotiamine orally 7 days before induction of cardiotoxicity with I.V 15mg/kg doxorubicin. injection resulted in significant reduction of the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase enzyme in the serum compared to doxorubicin treated animals; benfotiamine also improves the histological changes produced by doxorubicin in the cardiac muscle compared to control. In conclusion, benfotiamine when used concomitantly with doxorubicin protects the myocardium against the cardiotoxicity induced by this cytotoxic drug.
Formulation of Alpha Tocopherol Acetate as a Powder Dosage Form by Adsorption
Authors: A. Abdulhameed Zena , I. Khalil Yehia
Published: March 2022

Alpha-tocopherol acetate is one of the most important vitamin E derivatives,that were used  as antioxidants. Adsorbents like kaolin, magnesium carbonate, and microcrystalline cellulose were used successfully to incorporate oily alpha-tocopherol acetate into an acceptable powder dosage form. The results revealed that microcrystalline cellulose as an adsorbents gave the best results with 50% loading capacity at time, 8 minutes before and after incubation period (3 months at 30CÂ°), while kaolin and magnesium carbonate have been shown a significant difference before and after incubation. Addition of 1% w/w magnesium carbonate to the kaolin enhanced the loading capacity by decreasing the time of adsorption from 20 to 6 minutes and 47 to 9 minutes before and after incubation respectively. The study indicated that the best adsorbent to be used in case of oral vitamin E toxicity is microcrystalline cellulose while magnesium carbonate could be used in the formulation for their best adsorption effect.

Key words :  Adsorption , Tocopherol  Acetate powder
Preparation and Characterization of Poly (D,L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide) Microspheres for Controlled Release of KSL Peptide
Authors: A. Hussein Ahmed
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research was to prepare, characterize, and evaluate the new antimicrobial peptide  KSL peptide encapsulated in poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)composite microspheres. KSL was loaded in poly(acryloyl hydroxyethyl) starch (acHES) micropar-ticles, and then the peptide-containing microparticles were encapsulated in the PLGA matrix by a solvent extraction /evaporation method.

 KSL-loaded PLGA microspheres were also prepared without the starch hydrogel microparticle microspheres for comparison study. KSL peptide microspheres were characterized for drug content, surface morphology, microspheres size determination, polymers stability , in vitro microspheres degradation and in vitro release. KSL peptide encapsulation efficiency resulted in about 98% for RG503 microspheres and AcHES- RG503 composite microspheres. Microspheres mean diameters were 11.12Î¼m  and 28Î¼m for RG503 microspheres and AcHES- -RG503 composite microspheres respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed no structural changes in the polymers after KSL peptide loading.  The morphological effects and polymers degradation were analyzed to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of KSL peptide release from microspheres and composite microspheres. Microspheres incubated in 0.1M phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4 at 37Â°C were hydrated and started to degrade as shown by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis. The result indicated that the release of KSL peptide from microspheres was due to the bulk degradation.  In vitro release profile showed that the microspheres type significantly affect the release of KSL peptide. In vitro KSL peptide release after 60 days incubation in 0.1M phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4 at 37Â°C were 82.23% and 62.12% from 10% KSL peptide loaded AcHES-RG503 composite microspheres and 10%KSL peptide loaded RG503 microspheres respectively.

  Key words :KSL peptide  , microspheres, composite microspheres,  PLGA
Therapeutic Use of Silymarin in the Management of Suspected Renal and Hepatic Injury Produced by NSAIDs in Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: A. Hussain Saad , T. Numan Intesar , H.Khalaf Ban , A. Abdulla Talal
Published: March 2022

Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) mostly associated with renal and hepatic adverse effects, and the adjunct use of compounds with potent protective effects, like silymarin, may be one of the choices to avoid these effects. This project was designed to evaluate the protective effect of silymarin against the suspected renal and hepatic injury induced with long term use of NSAIDs; 220 patients with osteoarthritis were randomized into 5 groups and treated with either silymarin 300mg/day alone, piroxicam 20mg/day alone, meloxicam 15mg/day alone or the combination of each of them with silymarin for 8 weeks. The renal and hepatic functions were evaluated before starting treatment and after 8 weeks including assessment of serum levels of urea, creatinine and the activities of the hepatic enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic-oxalic acid transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic acid transaminase (GPT). The results indicated that using NSAIDs alone produced elevation in the markers of renal and hepatic damage that can be successfully prevented or reversed when silymarin adjunctly used with them. In conclusion, silymarin when co-administered with the NSAIDs (piroxicam or meloxicam) decreases their renal and hepatic toxicities in OA patients.

Key words: Silymarin; Piroxicam, Meloxicam; Nephroprotection; Hepatoprotection
The Efficacy of Topically Applied Silymarin in the Treatment of Herpes Labialis Ulcers
Authors: S. Altaei Tagreed , T. Numan Intesar , A.Hussain Saad , G. Al-Talabani Nazar
Published: March 2022

Herpes labialis is an infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, characterized by an eruption of small and usually painful blisters on the skin of the lips, mouth, gums, or the skin around the mouth. Although there is no successful treatment available, the local use of compounds with effective anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects may be of value in this respect. This project was designed to evaluate clinically the local use of silymarin, a group of flavonoids with powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activity, in the treatment of herpes simplex ulcer. Fifty three patients with herpes labialis ulcers (HLU) were enrolled in this randomized, single blinded, placebo controlled clinical study, and they were allocated into 4 groups, treated with 1%, 3% and 5% silymarin paste and placebo formula respectively. Patient's responses to treatment were followed by clinical evaluation of healing time, size of the ulcers and pain sensation, in addition to evaluating biochemical and immunological markers of the oxidative stress and inflammatory response. HLU patients showed dose dependent improvement in the healing time, pain score and size of ulcer as a result of treatment with various concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%) of silymarin paste, associated with improvement in the oxidative stress state and immunological parameters. In conclusion, silymarin can be used locally as paste formula for the treatment of HLU, an effect which may be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties.

Keywords: Herpes labialis, ulcers, silymarin
Preparation of Anise and Thyme Lotion for Topical Use
Authors: R. Abed Al- Rahman Issraa , J. Jawad Fatima , H.Alkateeb Ekbal , A. Abdulrasool Alaa
Published: March 2022

Anise and thyme crude extract were used to prepare a lotion for topical application due to their antimicrobial, germicidal and antifungal effects. Two formulas were prepared using the mentioned natural plants, formula 2 (selected lotion) was the most acceptable one which contained veegum and xanthan gum as suspending agents in addition to other exceipients providing it good properties with high physical stability because of its flocculating, pouring, resuspending easily with sedimentation volume (F) 0.96. In addition to unchangeable odor and color with expiration date of one year. While the Preliminary clinical study was done using this lotion on 10 patients with infecious viral skin diseases, it was found that this lotion was successful as a topical preparation for allergy and mostly chicken pox.

Key words: Anise, Thyme, Crude Extract, Antimicrobial Effect.
Effect of Ergotamine and its Combination with Vitamin E or Melatonin on Total Antioxidant Status in Migraine Patients
Authors: H. Ali Shahlaa , A. Hamadi Salim , N. Al- Jaff Ashwaq
Published: March 2022

Free radicals and oxidative damage caused by them have being suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. These may result from distorted equilibrium of pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant system that continuously generates and detoxifies oxidants during normal aerobic metabolism. Escape of such system from equilibrium leads to damage of cellular elements with the depletion of cellular stores of anti-oxidants material such as glutathione and vitamin E. Therefore, free radical scavengers (vitamin E or melatonin) seems to be of potential benefit as prophylactic anti-migraine therapy by neutralizing free radicals overproduction and possibly preventing formation of highly toxic intermediates (such as nitric oxide). In addition of being powerful antioxidant, melatonin was shown to possess promising effects in modulating severity, frequency and duration of migraine attacks. For this reason the present study was conducted to investigate the involvement of changed anti-oxidant defense (measured as total antioxidant status â€œTASâ€) during migraine attack and the possible modulation of such status by classical anti-migraine therapy (ergotamine), antioxidants (vitamin E and melatonin) and their combination. 23 normal subjects and 21 migraine patients with age range of (17-45) years were enrolled in the study. Patients were diagnosed according to neurologist decision to have migraine with and without aura. Migraine patients were divided into three treatment groups; first group treated with ergotamine alone, second group with ergotamine /vitamin E and third group with ergotamine /melatonin. All groups were advised to take their treatments during attacks. Blood samples were drawn from migraine patients and normal subjects before initiation of therapy and after pain has been relived (from migraine patients only) for the investigation of TAS . The results of the study showed that TAS was significantly lower in migraine patients in comparison to control healthy subjects (P<0.05) with a percent reduction ranged from 35.46% to 43.97%. However, there is no significant difference in the level of TAS among migraine patients (P>0.05). Treatment with ergotamine raised significantly the level of TAS by 157%. The addition of vitamin E or melatonin greatly raised TAS by 179% and 176% respectively. The addition of vitamin E to ergotamine showed superior effect to that when melatonin was added. The greater reduction in TAS seen in this study among migraine patients in comparison to control healthy subjects suggests the presence of generalized decrease in antioxidant defense elements. Elevation of TAS by all treatments was very clear. In conclusion the decrease in TAS can be implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine and enhancement of antioxidant system can add a beneficial effect for the management of migraine headache with the use of antioxidants (vitamin E or melatonin) with classical anti-migraine drug.
دور الأمن الوظيفي كمتغير وسيط في العلاقة بين الكفاءات البشرية وتحقيق التميز المؤسسي لدى الشركات الصناعية في محافظة الوسطى بسلطنة عُمان
Authors: حسين معاوية أحمد , الجنيبي مطر بن سلوم مسلم
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على دور الأمن الوظيفي كمتغير وسيط في العلاقة بين الكفاءات البشرية وتحقيق التميز المؤسسي لدى الشركات الصناعية في محافظة الوسطى بسلطنة عُمان. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قام الباحث بتصميم استبانة شملت (45) فقرة لجمع المعلومات الأولية من عينة الدراسة المكونة من (210) مفردة. وفي ضوء ذلك جـرى جمـع وتحليـل البيانات واختبار الفرضيات باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلـوم الاجتماعيـة SPSS .وتـم استخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، ومنها تحليل الانحدار البسيط والمتعدد. وبعد إجراء عملية التحليل لبيانات الدراسة وفرضياتها توصلت الدراسة إلى عـدد من النتائج أبرزها: أولاً: وجود أثر ذو دلالة معنوية للكفاءات البشرية على تحقيق التميز المؤسسي من خلال الأمن الوظيفي كمتغير وسيط، ووجود تأثير غير مباشر ذو دلاله إحصائية للكفاءات البشرية على تحقيق التميز المؤسسي من خلال الأمن الوظيفي، وتوسط الأمن الوظيفي العلاقة بصورة جزئية عند مستوى (0.01) في الشركات الصناعية في محافظة الوسطى بسلطنة عمان. ثانياً: وجود أثر ذو دلالة معنوية للمعرفة البشرية، للقدرات البشرية، للمهارات البشرية وللسلوكيات البشرية في تحقيق التميز المؤسسي عند مستوى (0.01) للشركات الصناعية في محافظة الوسطى بسلطنة عمان وقد أوصت الدراسة بما يلي: أولاً: مساعدة العاملين في الشركة على تطبيق الخطط الموضوعة بشكل متقن من خلال مشاركتهم في وضع الخطط والأهداف المستقبلية. ثانياً: العمل على تنمية الثقة والمودة بين الشركة والعاملين من خلال مساعدتهم على إبراز مواهبهم وتقديم الأفكار والمقترحات لتشجيعهم على أداء العمل في الوقت المحدد. ثالثاً: المحافظة على مستويات الأمن الوظيفي في الشركات المبحوثة من خلال تحسين علاقات العمل الرسمية بين الموظفين وتبادل التقدير والاحترام بين الرؤساء والمرؤوسين.
القدرات الديناميكية وأثرها في التوجه الريادي: الدور المعدل للبيئة الإبداعية في شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الأردن
Authors: القرم عبير عبدالوهاب , الخشالي شاكر جارالله
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى أثر القدرات الديناميكية في التوجه الريادي والدور المعدل للبيئة الابداعية في شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الأردن. تم قياس القدرات الديناميكية من خلال خمسة أبعاد هي: قدرة الاستجابة للفرص، وقدرة تكامل الموارد، وقدرة التعلم، وقدرة إعادة التشكيل، وقدرة إدارة التحالف. تم قياس التوجه الريادي من خلال أربعة أبعاد هي: الابتكار، والاستباقية، والأخذ بالمخاطر، والمنافسة الشرسة. تألف مجتمع الدراسة من جميع شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الأردن والتي يبلغ عددها (262) شركة، اعتمدت الباحثة على المسح الشامل في دراسة المجتمع وتحليله، وتم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة في جمع البيانات المطلوبة، وقد تم استرجاع (130) استبانة أي ما يشكل نسبة (49.6%)، وقد تم استخدام عدد من الأساليب الإحصائية كالانحدار المتعدد والانحدار الهرمي. أظهرت النتائج أن مستوى متغيرات الدراسة (القدرات الديناميكية، والتوحه الريادي، والبيئة الإبداعية) جاءت جميعها بدرجة مرتفعة، وأن هناك أثر معنوي للقدرات الديناميكية في التوجه الريادي لشركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الأردن، وأن البيئة الابداعية كان لها دور معنوي في تحسين أثر القدرات الديناميكية في التوجه الريادي في شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في الأردن. اقترحت الدراسة عدداً من التوصيات، أهمها: أن على شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات تشجيع الموظفين على حضور الورشات التدريبية، والعمل على إدخال الأساليب الحديثة في العمل، والبحث عن شركاء مناسبين للدخول معهم في أعمال مشتركة، ودعم مشاريع البحث والتطوير، والاهتمام بشكل أكبر بالاتصالات المباشرة وغير المباشرة بين الموظفين، لضمان تدفق المعلومات بشكل أكبر وأسهل، وتوفير جو ومناخ يساعد على تشكيل سلوكيات الموظفين بما يتناسب وثقافة الشركة.
أثر الذكاء العاطفي في فاعلية القيادة التحويلية الدور الوسيط الحكمة: مراجعة نظرية
Authors: الهبارنة سعد كريم
Published: March 2022

تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى البحث في الدراسات السابقة عن أثر الذكاء العاطفي في فاعلية القيادة التحويلية، وذلك بوجود الدور الوسيط للحكمة. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، تم الإعتماد على المنهج الوصفي، واستخدام الأسلوب الاستنباطي في صياغة الأفكار التي تغطي هذه المحاور في هيكل الدراسة النظري. وبناءً عليه، تم بناء هيكل نظري يحتوي على مجموعة من الأبعاد المدروسة من جانب الذكاء العاطفي وهي: (تقييم العواطف الذاتية، تقييم عواطف الآخرين، والتواصل الإجتماعي)، وقد احتوى أيضاً على جانب فاعلية القيادة التحويلية متضمناً في ذلك الأبعاد التالية: (التأثير المثالي، التحفيز الفكري، الإلهام، التمكين). وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج، أهمها: وجود أثر معنوي إيجابي لأبعاد الذكاء العاطفي في فاعلية القيادة التحويلية، بوجود الدور الوسيط للحكمة، ولكن بدرجة قليلة. وذلك بسبب نقص الدراسات السابقة التي أخذت الحكمة كمتغير وسيط بين هذين المتغيرين. وأوصت الدراسة على مجموعة من التوصيات، أهمها: تكثيف البحث عن أثر الذكاء العاطفي على القادة التحويلية بوجود الحكمة كمتغير وسيط. بالإضافة إلى دراسة الذكاء العاطفي دراسة ميدانية في مجتمع دراسة يمكن التطبيق عليه بعينة كبيرة للقادة أو المدراء.
أثر خدمات ما بعد البيع على تحقيق الميزة التنافسية: دراسة ميدانية على شركات (إل جي، سامسونج، هافاب) للأدوات الكهربائية بمدينة الأبيض
Authors: عبد الرحيم عالم الحاج آدم , عبد العزيز عبد العزيز حسن عبد
Published: March 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة أثر خدمات ما بعد البيع على تحقيق الميزة التنافسية دراسة ميدانية على بعض شركات الأدوات الكهربائية بمدينة الأبيض، تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات، واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي، لتحليل البيانات. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج منها: بينت الدراسة وجود تساوي نسبي في النوع بين عملاء شركات المنتجات الكهربائية بولاية شمال كردفان، وأن عمر أكثر من نصفهم من الشباب، أن معظم عملاء شركات المنتجات الكهربائية من الجامعيين. وأن متوسط عدد مرات شراء الأجهزة أكثر من ثلاثة مرات. وأوصت بضرورة أن تهتم الشركات الكهربائية الاهتمام بعملية الضمان على أجهزتها لضمان تحقيق ميزة تنافسية.
الثقافة المنظمية وأثرها في رأس المال البشري: الدور المعدل للذكاء الاستراتيجي في وزارة الصحة في دولة الكويت
Authors: الوادي هاجر عبد الحميد عثمان , النجار فايز جمعه صالح
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر الثقافة المنظمية بأبعادها (القيم، المعتقدات، الثقة، الاتجاهات، المشاركة) في رأس المال البشري بابعاده (المهارات، الخبرات، القدرات، المعرفة، الابتكار)، والدور المعدل للذكاء الاستراتيجي في وزارة الصحة في دولة الكويت، لقد تمثل مجتمع الدراسة من العاملين الإداريين في المناطق الصحية التابعة لوزارة الصحة في دولة الكويت وهذه المناطق هي: (منطقة الصباح الطبية التخصصية، منطقة العاصمة الصحية، منطقة حولي الصحية، منطقة الجهراء الصحية، منطقة الفروانية الصحية، ومنطقة الأحمدي الصحية، ومنطقة مبارك الكبير الصحية) والبالغ عددهم (2748)، وبلغ عدد العينة للمجتمع (338)، حيث تم توزيع (380) استبيان من باب التحوط، وتم استرجاع (344) استبيان صلح للتحليل. توصلت الدراسة إلى وجود أثر للثقافة المنظمية بأبعادها في رأس المال البشري بأبعاده مجتمعه في وزارة الصحة في دولة الكويت، كما تبين وجود أثر للذكاء الاستراتيجي في تحسين أثر الثقافة المنظمية بأبعادها في رأس المال البشري بأبعاده مجتمعة في وزارة الصحة في دولة الكويت. وقد أوصت الدراسة بدعم ممارسات الذكاء الاستراتيجي في المنظمة التي تعمل على مساعدة الروؤساء في أخذ قرارات سليمة.
Measuring the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oil Prices Using Long Memory Models (November 1990 to December 2020)
Authors: Badr Abdallah , Eltahir Yassin
Published: March 2022

The problem of this study is seeking to answer the question whether the COVID-19 pandemic has a serious effect on the Saudi economy or not. The main objective of the study is to highlight the degree of the Saudi economic flexibility in response to external shocks by using more frequent method, which is long memory technique, that is suitable in analyzing and forecasting such phenomena. By examining the time series of oil prices in the study between November 1990 to December 2020, the series turned out to be unstable and after the first difference stabilized the time series of oil prices. The test of random long series tests turned out to follow random long memory and by comparing between several different models of ARMA models, hence the best model to represent the series was the ARFIMA model (AR=2,d=.469, MA=3) the model was estimated using Eviews10, and the estimated model ARFIMA Model (2, 0.469, 3) was used to predict oil prices in 2021 and the results of the forecast showed that oil prices haven't risen after the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating the strong impact of this pandemic on important strategic commodities, including oil prices. The results are consistent with the theoretical foundations and previous studies which were so reliable in the analysis, interpretation, and prediction of future oil prices. These results confirmed many studies in that it contributes the theoretical and practical debate of the pandemic, hence there is an enhance to future studies.
Driving Strategy Implementation to Success
Authors: Aziz Dasan Rafat
Published: March 2022

Under the pressure to improve strategy implementation effectiveness and organizational performance, several government officials look for new tools and methods to have greater public organizational performance. By improving the public organizations' performance, public value and citizens trust in government will be improved. Saudi Arabia is a country in Western Asia and one of the Middle East countries which depends on its natural resources (i.e. oil and gas production) as the primary source of income (Such countries are named rentier states). However, Saudi Arabia was trying to reduce its dependence on oil and to have a diverse set of products that feed its income since the ’70s of the last century. This notion has been injected by Saudi government officials into their national strategies (i.e. 5- year national development plans). However, several contemporary analyses show that Saudi still depends on oil as the primary source of income, which means that its national strategies implementation is not achieving its foremost objectives. Not achieving the strategic objectives keep the organisational performance low which accumulatively will have an impact on the whole government and the country’s economy. Based on a sample from Saudi public organisations, the research describes the strategy implementation dynamics and issues along with the drivers that have an impact on implementing effectiveness that leads to the organisational performance improvements in which -at the end- will lead to improvements in the economic performance of the country. One of the key findings of the research indicates that having a coordinated body for the strategy implementation activities across the organisation is the first ranked driver for having successful strategy implementation.
The Factors of Success and Failure in Small Industrial Business: A Case of Asir Region in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saad Fuad Saeed , Hassanen Mohamed Abu Elgassim , Shaa Eldeenm Fath Elrahman , Alomar Hamoud Mohammed
Published: March 2022

The factors associated with small industrial business have a significant impact on their performance and they need to be determined considering their contribution to the business performance. This study aims to recognize a set of variables that have the paramount impact on the performance of small industrial business. It also constructs a statistical model that is used to estimate the probability of faltering for any small industrial enterprise, and to determine its expected survival time. It applies cluster analysis to classify depending on variables, i.e., faltering and non-faltering using Cox’s regression model. Incredibly, the obtained results show that (i) the most influential variables affecting the success or failure of a small industrial business are: establishment expenses, workers’ wages, and cost of marketing products, (ii) the maximum degree of risk to small industrial business was during the fifth, sixth and seventh years, and the average lifetime of a small industrial enterprise ranged from 8 to 9 years. The results indicate that stakeholders must consider the faltering variables when making business decisions and looking into the policies’ implementation after the ninth year of the variables’ adoption.
The notion of ‘Open Science’: its values and meaning for the higher education system
Authors: Mielkov Yurii
Published: March 2022

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the notion and phenomenon of ‘open science’ as a way to solve the paradoxes of the today’s science as a mass occupation, especially in higher education. In the absence of inner motivations for scientific investigations among both undergraduates and professional researchers, science becomes a ‘closed’ system, which turns into a profanation of academic activities and is deprived of connection with society in general. The concept of “open science” that has appeared in the public discourse in 2010s is presented as a complex multilayer phenomenon. The analyzes reveals that this notion combines the emphasis on behavior, practices and procedures (free and open public access to data, methods, research results and publications) on the ‘lower‘ level with the urge to create technological platforms, services and tools for scientists to enable their wide international and interdisciplinary cooperation on the ‘middle’ level and with the theory and values that would enable science to re-institutionalize itself in today’s society as a public activity on the ‘higher’ level. The values here refer to the classical scientific ethos: openness of science acts as an explication of the mertonian principles of universalism and communism as fundamental values of science. It is argued that the development of the ‘open science’ concept corresponds to the democratization of science in general: a truly effective academic activity could be based only on the moral imperative of each human person as an autonomous and creative subject of judgment and of reconstruction of the ideal of scientific ethos. At the same time, ‘open science’ partly resembles today a popular slogan actively used in public discourse and in various declarations, but the task of filling it with meanings and translating it into practices is still unsolved.
Active citizenship in a globalized world: philosophical and educational implications
Authors: Xu Shishi
Published: March 2022

In today’s globalized world, the issue of active citizenship is gaining relief, becoming an essential determinant of the nature of civilizational progress. The study examines the possibilities of modern education to develop civic activism. The underestimated potential of lifelong learning as a tool for the development of active citizens has been identified, including opportunities for the development of older citizens. We have demonstrated the potential of the neoliberal model of active citizenship as one that corresponds to the current state of civilizational development, at the heart of which is a person who is aware of his political rights and responsibilities in a multicultural world. It was shown that lifelong learning, the enduring educational trajectory of the individual, should be a practice of developing democratic values and principles of active citizenship, developing skills in working with sources of information, initiative, responsibility, knowledge of social principles, and the role of citizens in it, etc. The article carries out a historical and philosophical reconstruction of views on the issue of active citizenship. The dynamics of the content of the above concept are demonstrated. It was possible to outline methodological guidelines that allow interpreting active citizenship as an educational ideal, based on some modern methodological positions (lifelong learning, etc.). The study demonstrates the shortcomings of the methodological position, according to which the competence of active citizenship, for the most part, is the result of educational influence in the system of secondary and higher education. Possibilities of the fruitful combination of formal and non-formal education in the development of active citizenship are demonstrated. The symbiosis allows providing the necessary praxeological dimension (combination of theory and practice of active citizenship) to the processes of becoming an active citizen in the current challenges of civilization.
Motivation as a basis for legitimacy: anthropological and psychological, legal and educational approaches (philosophical assessment)
Authors: Fialko Natalia
Published: March 2022

Motivation is a key factor in getting involved in education, as well as in other things. After all, the existence of objective prerequisites for education is only a necessary basis for its success, but the use of these conditions properly depends to a large extent on the adequate motivation of participants in the educational process. Therefore, proper motivation is a sufficient basis for making efforts to achieve a better result. However, efforts also need to be directed correctly: there is not enough to be passionate about, something must be done in a way that is acceptable to others and understandable to them. Therefore, motivation is inevitably more or less related to legitimacy, i.e. the provision of normative activities. For each case there is the best motivation for it and proper legitimacy. Motivation refers to the identification of basic values of a certain type of activity, legitimation requires a clear understanding and recognition of certain norms that are generally accepted in this activity. At different stages of adulthood, the motivation and legitimation of its activities alternately play a priority role, although both of them are more or less present at all stages of personality development. Therefore, both the excessive opposition of motivation and legitimacy and attempts to consider one as part of the other are wrong – these are relatively self-sufficient mechanisms to ensure the success of individual behavior. Motivation and legitimacy are closely linked to the individual's acceptance of certain obligations and responsibilities, which are the basis for the individual's acquisition of certain rights. Unsuccessful motivation and inappropriate legitimation of an individual's behavior is a sign of his unsuccessful socialization, which risks losing the connection of the individual with the main social institutions of society – especially with the state. In the case of their successful implementation, motivation and legitimacy are an important means of effective inclusion of the individual in the functioning of social systems, as well as – in the improvement and development of such functioning.
Apology of the Ukrainian Kantiana: once again on how not to evaluate philosophical translations
Authors: Burkovskyi Ihor
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with the review of the translation of Kant’s “Critique of Practical Reason”, published by Vitaly Chorny in this magazine last year as a continuation of the review by I. Ivashchenko and V. Terletsky (treating the translation of “Critique of Pure Reason”) which is scrutinized in the previous issue. The new review turned to be a similar attempt to prove a biased statement about the unsatisfactory quality of Ukrainian translation. It is shown that this attempt is even more unsuccessful than the previous one: it is characterized by a much lower level of professionalism and significant illogicality. The vast majority of its claims to translation are proven to be again insolvent or insignificant, i. e. in both cases they are only imitations of proof of its pretended unsuitability. The cardinal flaw of the review, as well as the previous one, is the lack of any appropriate method of translation evaluation. The reviewer tries to compensate for the weakness of the argument by sharp rhetoric, unrestrained exaggerations, such as “terminological chaos”. The justification of the last verdict is unsuccessful: in fact only a few translation omissions and some minor shortcomings are given. In the same way, the allegations of a large number of gross translation errors due to the translator's incompetence remained unproven, excepting adduction of a few real flaws due to oversight. In fact, the review, like the previous one, proves only that the translation, as any other one, is not error-free. In addition to the obvious damage, there is some benefit from it, namely a modest contribution to the list of corrections to the translation.
Ecological, phenomenological and embodied approach in psychotherapy and its significance for the education of psychotherapists
Authors: Butsykin Yehor
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the basic elements of ecological and phenomenological approach in psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy, as they are present in the philosophy of the famous German psychiatrist-philosopher Thomas Fuchs, as well as to justificate the translation strategy of Fuchs' philosophy and description of the most difficult terms. The originality of Fuchs' attitude is shown, which is a combination of different modern research approaches: phenomenology, enactivism, ecological psychology, ecological psychotherapy, topological, vector psychology and field psychology, as well as existential psychiatry and psychotherapy. It is proposed to interpret the theoretical and methodological attitude of Thomas Fuchs as based in part on the enactivist guidelines of two-dimensional consideration of the embodied subject, in part on the rehabilitation of philosophical anthropology and Naturphilosophie of Helmut and the natural philosophy of Helmut Plessner and his version of the idea of two-dimensional embodied subject in the methodology of humanities and natural sciences. In particular, the possibility of interpreting Professor Fuchs' approach as a modern Naturphilosophie within the general project of naturalization of phenomenology is shown. In addition, the article shows the difference between the ecological approach and ecological methodology. The emphasis on the fact that Fuchs uses an ecological approach in his philosophy justifies the use, at first glance, of such contradictory methodologies as phenomenology, ecological and topological psychology, enactivism, and so on. Along with this, the ecological approach is considered as a project of radicalization of the phenomenological attitude or as a radical phenomenological stance.
Psychotherapy of the Lived Space: A Phenomenological and Ecological Concept
Authors: Fuchs Thomas
Published: March 2022

Using phenomenological and ecological psychology as a base, the author develops the concept of lived space as the totality of an individual's spatial and social relationships, including his ”horizon of possibilities”. The lived space may also be regarded as the individual's ecological niche, which is continuously shaped by his exchange with the environment. Mental illness may then be conceived as a limitation or deformation of the patient's lived space, inhibiting his responsivity and exchange with the environment. Unconscious dysfunctional patterns of feeling and behaving act as "blind spots" or "curvatures" in lived space and lead to typical distortions, thereby further restricting the patient's potentialities and development. Accordingly, the task of psychotherapy is to explore and understand the patient's lived space in order to reopen his horizon of possibilities. The main agent for this purpose is the interactive field of psychotherapy, which may be regarded as a "fusion of horizons" of the patient's and the therapist's worlds.