bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile-Heutagogical Practices among Student Teachers: Its Pedagogical Affordances and Challenges
Authors: Wong Kung-Teck , Muhammad Mazura @ Mastura Binti , Abdullah Norazilawati Binti , Hamdan Analisa
Published: February 2020

The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the classroom for learning is becoming important to improve student engagement and interaction.  This is in line with the educational transformation towards achieving Higher Education 4.0 in Malaysia. Education 4.0 (Edu 4.0) is in line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (4IR) and underpin the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2015-2025. There has been a recent surge in published studies on Mobile-Heutagogy (M-Heutagogy), with most studies has been conducted in developed countries, where the outcomes of the studies have revealed that M-Heutagogy has significant impacts on Edu. 4.0. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to discuss the M-Heutagogy pedagogical affordances of such a tool, the challenges that it poses, and the pedagogical change that is entailed for the adoption of the M-Heutagogy in the classroom.  As a preliminary investigation in Malaysia, this study was carried out based on the phenomenological perspective of selected student teachers concerning the above affordances and challenges of M-Heutagogy through interviews. It was revealed that the use of such a novel learning tool helped spur their students’ interest, stimulate their curiosity, and improve their confidence in learning scientific concepts. In particular, the use of M-Huetagogy has proven can help to improve student participation in the learning process through more intense discussions among student teachers, which led to an improved understanding of learning concepts. However, the main barriers to full integration of such a tool in teaching and learning were attributed to the lack of technical support, teaching skills and confidence, and suitable facilities.
Regularity of the singular set in a two-phase problem for harmonic measure with Hölder data
Authors: Badger Matthew , Engelstein Max , Toro Tatiana
Published: February 2020

In non-variational two-phase free boundary problems for harmonic measure, we examine how the relationship between the interior and exterior harmonic measures of a domain

\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n

influences the geometry of its boundary. This type of free boundary problem was initially studied by Kenig and Toro in 2006, and was further examined in a series of separate and joint investigations by several authors. The focus of the present paper is on the singular set in the free boundary, where the boundary looks infinitesimally like zero sets of homogeneous harmonic polynomials of degree at least 2. We prove that if the Radon–Nikodym derivative of the exterior harmonic measure with respect to the interior harmonic measure has a Hölder continuous logarithm, then the free boundary admits unique geometric blowups at every singular point and the singular set can be covered by countably many

C^{1, \beta}

submanifolds of dimension at most

n−3

. This result is partly obtained by adapting tools such as Garofalo and Petrosyan’s Weiss type monotonicity formula and an epiperimetric inequality for harmonic functions from the variational to the non-variational setting.
Ground state solutions for quasilinear Schrödinger equations with variable potential and superlinear reaction
Authors: Chen Sitong , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Tang Xianhua , Zhang Binlin
Published: February 2020

This paper is concerned with the following quasilinear Schrödinger equation:

-\Delta u+V(x)u-\frac{1}{2}\Delta (u^2)u= g(u), \quad x\in \mathbb{R}^N,

where

N\ge 3

,

V\in \mathcal{C}(\mathbb R^N,[0,\infty))

and

g\in \mathcal{C}(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R})

is superlinear at infinity. By using variational and some new analytic techniques, we prove the above problem admits ground state solutions under mild assumptions on

V

and

g

. Moreover, we establish a minimax characterization of the ground state energy. Especially, we impose some new conditions on

V

and more general assumptions on

g

. For this, some new tricks are introduced to overcome the competing effect between the quasilinear term and the superlinear reaction. Hence our results improve and extend recent theorems in several directions.
Investigating the Semantic Development of Modal Markers: The Role of Context
Authors: Potočnik Tomaž , Hriberšek Matej
Published: February 2020

The article tackles the problem of studying diachronic semantic changes of modal markers in Latin. It proposes to do so by using context as a proxy for tracing the development of otherwise unchanging forms. In the first part, the main theoretical positions in modality studies are presented, especially the notions of deontic modality, epistemic modality, and pathways of modality. In the second part, Heine’s model for studying the role of context in language change is presented and applied to the modal verb licet. In the case study of licet, an attempt is made to identify the so-called switch context which co-creates the conditions necessary for the semantic change.
Validation test on real scale UV reactor for ballast water treatment
Authors: Joo Jiyong , Jung Gilju , Oh Ilseok , Rhee Taejin
Published: February 2020

Design of UV reactors for drinking water has been widely studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. When combined with collimated beam test (CBT), CFD becomes a powerful tool for verifying the performance of a UV reactor. However, the design of real scale UV reactor for ballast water treatment system (BWTS) has not been extensively studied due to their relatively short R&D history. For this reason, we have attempted to validate the UV reactor through the results of the biological efficacy (BE) test with Tetraselmis microorganism. Through BE tests, we found that 3-log Tetraselmis inactivation was satisfied when the reduction equivalent dose (RED) was higher than that of 1,500 J/m2.
Thinking Through Television
Authors: Engell Lorenz
Published: February 2020

Media philosophy can only be found and revealed in media themselves. The essays collected in this volume thus approach television as a medium both of thought and of action in its own right. Through its specific forms and practices, television implements and reflects on aspects of time, such as synchronicity and succession, seriality and event, history and memory. Additionally, television stages new forms of thinking causality and agency, subject-object relations, tactility, choice, and other founding concepts of everyday experience as well as of outstanding philosophical relevance. In the course of media evolution, television organizes the transition from the analogue to the digital. Last not least, by conceiving of itself, television offers a source of finally thinking through television.
Inventing Cinema
Authors: Turquety Benoît
Published: February 2020

With machines mediating most of our cultural practices, and innovations, obsolescence and revivals constantly transforming our relation with images and sounds, media feel more unstable than ever. But was there ever a ‘stable’ moment in media history? Inventing Cinema proposes to approach this question through an archaeology and epistemology of media machines. The archaeology analyses them as archives of users’ gestures, as well as of modes of perception. The epistemology reconstructs the problems that the machines’ designers and users have strived to solve, and the network of concepts they have elaborated to understand these problems. Drawing on the philosophy of technology and anthropology, Inventing Cinema argues that networks of gestures, problems, perception and concepts are inscribed in vision machines, from the camera obscura to the stereoscope, the Cinématographe, and digital cinema. The invention of cinema is ultimately seen as an ongoing process irreducible to a single moment in history.
Introducing the 4.4 km spatial resolution Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) aerosol product
Authors: Garay Michael J. , Witek Marcin L. , Kahn Ralph A. , Seidel Felix C. , Limbacher James A. , Bull Michael A. , Diner David J. , Hansen Earl G. , Kalashnikova Olga V. , Lee Huikyo , Nastan Abigail M. , Yu Yan
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR)
instrument has been operational on the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra satellite since
early 2000, creating an extensive data set of global Earth observations.
Here we introduce the latest version of the MISR aerosol products. The level
2 (swath) product, which is reported on a 4.4 km spatial grid, is designated as version 23 (V23) and contains retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) and
aerosol particle property information derived from MISR's multi-angle
observations over both land and water. The changes from the previous version
of the algorithm (V22) have significant impacts on the data product and its
interpretation. The V23 data set is created from two separate retrieval
algorithms that are applied over dark water and land surfaces, respectively.
Besides increasing the horizontal resolution to 4.4 km compared with the
coarser 17.6 m resolution in V22 and streamlining the format and content,
the V23 product has added geolocation information, pixel-level uncertainty
estimates, and improved cloud screening. MISR data can be obtained from the
NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center at https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/project/misr/misr_table (last access: 11 October 2019). The
version number for the V23 level 2 aerosol product is F13_0023. The level 3 (gridded) aerosol product is still reported at
0.5∘×0.5∘ spatial resolution with results aggregated
from the higher-resolution level 2 data. The format and content at level 3
have also been updated to reflect the changes made at level 2. The level 3
product associated with the V23 level 2 product version is designated as
F15_0032. Both the level 2 and level 3 products are now
provided in NetCDF format.
Understanding the uncertainty in global forest carbon turnover
Authors: Pugh Thomas A. M. , Rademacher Tim T. , Shafer Sarah L. , Steinkamp Jörg , Barichivich Jonathan , Beckage Brian , Haverd Vanessa , Harper Anna , Heinke Jens , Nishina Kazuya , Rammig Anja , Sato Hisashi , Arneth Almut , Hantson Stijn , Hickler Thomas , Kautz Markus , Quesada Benjamin , Smith Benjamin , Thonicke Kirsten
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The length of time that carbon remains in forest biomass is one of the largest uncertainties in the global carbon cycle, with both recent-historical baselines and future responses to environmental change poorly constrained by available observations. In the absence of large-scale observations, models tend to fall back on simplified assumptions of the turnover rates of biomass and soil carbon pools to make global assessments. In this study, the biomass carbon turnover times calculated by an ensemble of contemporary terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) are analysed to assess their current capability to accurately estimate biomass carbon turnover times in forests and how these times are anticipated to change in the future. Modelled baseline 1985–2014 global forest biomass turnover times vary from 12.2 to 23.5 years between models. TBM differences in phenological processes, which control allocation to and turnover rate of leaves and fine roots, are as important as tree mortality with regard to explaining the variation in total turnover among TBMs. The different governing mechanisms exhibited by each TBM result in a wide range of plausible turnover time projections for the end of the century. Based on these simulations, it is not possible to draw robust conclusions regarding likely future changes in turnover time for different regions. Both spatial and temporal uncertainty in turnover time are strongly linked to model assumptions concerning plant functional type distributions and their controls. Twelve model-based hypotheses are identified, along with recommendations for pragmatic steps to test them using existing and novel observations, which would help to reduce both spatial and temporal uncertainty in turnover time. Efforts to resolve uncertainty in turnover time will need to address both mortality and establishment components of forest demography, as well as key drivers of demography such as allocation of carbon to woody versus non-woody biomass growth.
Historical CO2 emissions from land-use and land-cover change and their uncertainty
Authors: Gasser Thomas , Crepin Léa , Quilcaille Yann , Houghton Richard A. , Ciais Philippe , Obersteiner Michael
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Emissions from land-use and land-cover change are a key component of the global carbon cycle. Models are required to disentangle these emissions and the land carbon sink, however, because only the sum of both can be physically observed. Their assessment within the yearly community-wide effort known as the Global Carbon Budget remains a major difficulty, because it combines two lines of evidence that are inherently inconsistent: bookkeeping models and dynamic global vegetation models. Here, we propose a unifying approach relying on a bookkeeping model that embeds processes and parameters calibrated on dynamic global vegetation models, and the use of an empirical constraint. We estimate global CO2 emissions from land-use and land-cover change were 1.36 ± 0.42 Pg C yr−1 (1-σ range) on average over 2009–2018, and 206 ± 57 Pg C cumulated over 1750–2018. We also estimate that land-cover change induced a global loss of additional sink capacity – that is, a foregone carbon removal, not part of the emissions – of 0.68 ± 0.57 Pg C yr−1 and 32 ± 23 Pg C over the same periods, respectively. Additionally, we provide a breakdown of our results' uncertainty following aspects that include the land-use and land-cover change data sets used as input, and the model's biogeochemical parameters. We find the biogeochemical uncertainty dominates our global and regional estimates, with the exception of tropical regions in which the input data dominates. Our analysis further identifies key sources of uncertainty, and suggests ways to strengthen the robustness of future Global Carbon Budgets.
Multi-scale data on intertidal macrobenthic biodiversity and environmental features in three New Zealand harbours
Authors: Kraan Casper , Greenfield Barry L. , Thrush Simon F.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Understanding how the plants and animals that live in the
sea floor vary in their spatial patterns of diversity and abundance is
fundamental to gaining insight into the role of biodiversity in maintaining
ecosystem functioning in coastal ecosystems, as well as advancing the
modelling of species distributions under realistic assumptions. Yet, it is
virtually unknown how the relationships between abundance patterns and
different biotic and environmental processes change depending on spatial
scales, which is mainly due to a lack of data. Within the project Spatial
Organization of Species Distributions: Hierarchical and Scale-Dependent
Patterns and Processes in Coastal Seascapes at the National Institute for
Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) in New Zealand we collected
multi-scale and high-resolution data on macrobenthic biodiversity. We found
146 species dominated by bivalves, polychaetes, and crustaceans
(>500 µm) that live hidden in marine sandflats and
collected point measurements of important environmental variables (sediment
grain-size distributions, chlorophyll a concentration, organic content, and
visible sandflat parameters) in three large intertidal harbours (Kaipara,
Tauranga, and Manukau). In each harbour we sampled 400 points for
macrobenthic community composition and abundances, as well as the full set
of environmental variables. Using an elaborate sampling design, we were able
to cover scales from 30  cm to a maximal extent of 1 km. All data
and extensive metadata are available from the data publisher PANGAEA via the
persistent identifier https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.903448 (Kraan et al.,
2019).
Standardised soil profile data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2019)
Authors: Batjes Niels H. , Ribeiro Eloi , van Oostrum Ad
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) provides
quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data to support digital soil
mapping and environmental applications at broadscale levels. Since the
release of the first “WoSIS snapshot”, in July 2016, many new soil data were
shared with us, registered in the ISRIC data repository and subsequently
standardised in accordance with the licences specified by the data
providers. Soil profile data managed in WoSIS were contributed by a wide
range of data providers; therefore, special attention was paid to measures
for soil data quality and the standardisation of soil property definitions,
soil property values (and units of measurement) and soil analytical method
descriptions. We presently consider the following soil chemical properties:
organic carbon, total carbon, total carbonate equivalent, total nitrogen,
phosphorus (extractable P, total P and P retention), soil pH, cation
exchange capacity and electrical conductivity. We also consider the following physical properties:
soil texture (sand, silt, and clay), bulk density, coarse fragments and
water retention. Both of these sets of properties are grouped according to analytical procedures that are
operationally comparable. Further, for each profile we provide the original
soil classification (FAO, WRB, USDA), version and horizon designations,
insofar as these have been specified in the source databases. Measures for
geographical accuracy (i.e. location) of the point data, as well as a first
approximation for the uncertainty associated with the operationally defined
analytical methods, are presented for possible consideration in digital soil
mapping and subsequent earth system modelling. The latest (dynamic) set of
quality-assessed and standardised data, called “wosis_latest”, is freely accessible via an OGC-compliant WFS (web feature
service). For consistent referencing, we also provide time-specific static
“snapshots”. The present snapshot (September 2019) is comprised of 196 498
geo-referenced profiles originating from 173 countries. They represent over
832 000 soil layers (or horizons) and over 5.8 million records. The actual
number of observations for each property varies (greatly) between profiles
and with depth, generally depending on the objectives of the initial
soil sampling programmes. In the coming years, we aim to fill gradually gaps
in the geographic distribution and soil property data themselves, this
subject to the sharing of a wider selection of soil profile data for so far
under-represented areas and properties by our existing and prospective
partners. Part of this work is foreseen in conjunction within the Global
Soil Information System (GloSIS) being developed by the Global Soil
Partnership (GSP). The “WoSIS snapshot – September 2019” is archived and
freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.17027/isric-wdcsoils.20190901
(Batjes et al., 2019).
THE COMPARISON OF TWO PRECIPITATION PREDICTION METHODS
Authors: Mo X. Q. , Lan G. W. , Du Y. L. , Chen Z. X.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Precipitation forecasts play the role in flood control and drought relief. At present, the time series analysis and the linear regression analysis are two of most commonly used methods. The time series analysis is relatively simple as it only requires historical precipitation data. The model of the linear regression analysis can ensure high accuracy for causality analysis and short, medium and long-term prediction. Guilin is the region of the heavy rain center in Guangxi, which frequently suffers serious losses from rainstorms. Selecting a better model to predict precipitation has the important reference significance for improving the accuracy of precipitation weather forecast. In this research, the two methods are used to predict precipitation in Guilin. According to data of the monthly maximum precipitation, monthly average daily precipitation and monthly total precipitation from 2014 to 2016, this paper establishes the time series model and linear regression analysis model to predict precipitation in 2017 and compare the forecast results. The results show that the monthly average daily precipitation model is best with the accuracy of the time series model, and the residual error of predicted precipitation is 3.08 mm, but the change trend of predicted precipitation is not accord with the actual situation. The residual error is only 0.45 mm through using inter-annual linear regression equation to predict the precipitation, but the predicted summer precipitation is quite different from the actual one. The linear equation established by different seasons is used to predict the precipitation with residual error of 3.25 mm, and it is coincident for the predicted precipitation trend with the actual situation. Furthermore, the predictions fitting errors of spring, summer, autumn and winter are all less than 20%, which are within the scope of the specification prediction error.
THE RESEARCH LAYOUT OF IMAGE CONTROL POINTS FOR 1:1000 B LEVEL DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL PRODUCTION BASED ON UAV IN PLAIN AREA
Authors: Xing P. W. , Yang Y. F. , Tang S. H. , Zhang X. , Zhang Y.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. With the advent of the era of big data, traditional measurement techniques have been difficult to meet the information extraction required by contemporary measurement products, and light UAV （Unmanned Aerial Vehicles）was used to mapping is one of the development trends of aerial photogrammetry in China. When data is processed on aerial photography, the control points in the measurement area directly affect the accuracy of the later mapping results as the basis of mathematical calculation. However, the traditional aerial photogrammetry lays out the number of image control points according to a wide range of industry specifications, For example, lay Leveling control point at four corners + a row of elevation control points is lay at both ends of the area and lay Leveling control point at four corners + two vertical framed air routes at both ends of the zone (Zhang, J. Q., 2009),there are no specific method for the number of image control points to achieve a certain scale accuracy. As a result, there are too many or too few image control points in different topography and different scales. Measured by the error, image point density and reasonable layout of the data acquisition of the Trimble UX5 UAV, The causes of the errors are analyzed, and the precise data are obtained by comparing the experiments. Based on this, the relationship between changing the density of image control points and reasonable location is analyzed through the typical plain survey area of 0.718 km2. Designing four layout schemes of Image control points, taking the national standard as the standard, four groups of data are studied by comparing and analyzing GPS acquisition data with photogrammetry mapping data of Wuhan VISIONEK INC MapMatrix software. Through experimental analysis, the results show that the experimental data show that the light UAV can satisfy the production of 1:1000 B level digital elevation model in plain area when the image resolution is 350 dpi, the line height is controlled at 180 ± 10 m and the density of image control point is more than 9/km2. At the same time, this image control point layout method is used reasonably can reduce the workload of the field, improve work efficiency, and also help to speed up the calculation of huge amount of aerial survey data so as to produce high-precision digital products.
NIGHTTIME TEC VARIATION ANALYSIS OF KLOBUCHAR MODEL BASED ON IGS DATA IN CHINA
Authors: Yang Y. Z. , Liu L. L. , Huang L. K. , Wan Q. T. , Wang S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In order to further study the variation characteristics of the nighttime ionospheric accuracy of the Klobuchar model and the correlation between the nighttime ionospheric accuracy of the Klobuchar model and solar activity intensity. In this paper, a method for comparative analysis on solar activity intensity in the high, medium and low solar activity years has been proposed. The GIM provided by the IGS Center from 2008 to 2018 are treated as reference values to analyze the nighttime accuracy of the Klobuchar model for annual, seasonal, and monthly changes in high solar activity, medium solar activity and low solar activity. The results are: (1) The nighttime accuracy of the Klobuchar model is best in the medium solar activity, followed in the low solar activity and the worst in the high solar activity. (2) The Bias and RMS of the Klobuchar model at nighttime had obviously semi-annual and seasonal variations in high and medium solar activity. (3) The nighttime accuracy of the Klobuchar model did not vary with Bias and RMS changes at nighttime.
RESEARCH ON THEMATIC MAPS IN THE NEW CENTURY EDITION OF THE NATIONAL GEOMATICS ATLAS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Authors: Zhao T. T. , Wang D. H. , Liu W. Z. , Zhu X. L. , Chen M. , Wang G. Z. , Zhuo W. , Ma W.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The National Geomatics Atlas is the first volume of the new century edition of the National Huge Atlas of the People's Republic of China, and is one of the important achievements of this research and development project. The National Geomatics Atlas consists of four thematic map groups and one place name index, such as the sequence map group, the political terrain map group, the land cover map group and the city map group. The research object of this paper is the thematic maps, which are mainly distributed in the sequence map group, the land cover map group and the city map group. This paper is aimed at the design and compilation of thematic maps, including a brief introduction of thematic maps selection, layout design, thematic map technical process, and thematic symbol design.
RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION OF 3D CITY BATCH RAPID MODELLING METHOD
Authors: Cheng P. G. , He A. L. , Nie Y. J. , Wu J. , Li X. L. , Li Z. R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. For the current 3D city modelling, the use of computer programs for batch modelling of non-fine models can only ensure the building height information, and cannot effectively use the attribute information of 2D data; and the manual modelling method for the road ancillary facilities has the disadvantages of modelling and placement of streetlamps, low efficiency, and inaccurate positions, a 3D modelling method based on parametric modelling technology and 3DMax modelling technology to realize batch modelling of non-fine buildings and urban streetlamps was proposed. Firstly, the spatial and attribute information of two-dimensional surveying data is used as basic data; then, through the geometric functions provided by CityEngine, combined with the characteristics of the main building and roof structure of the village in the city, the functions of generating the building structure is constructed, and the batch-based automatic modelling is compiled. The program uses the bottom attribute information to control the structure and texture of the model. . The external model was introduced through geometric function, use the attribute information and the adjacent angle of the road centerline to control the style, size and direction of the streetlamp, realize the batch automatic construction at the streetlamp coordinate point. Finally, the Python language bulk export model plug-in and a MaxScript script bulk import model plugin are compiled to improve work efficiency and model compatibility. Through experiments and performance analysis, it is shown that the method can guarantee the rapid establishment of 3D models of buildings and streetlamps, and the structure and texture are vivid. It is well compatible with 3DMax and can be directly modified and format converted.
A HYBRID HEURISTIC ALGORITHM FOR SCHOOL DISTRICT DIVISION
Authors: He X. , Wei B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Single-school and multi-school district divisions are the two main ways to balance educational resources for enrollment in primary and secondary schools. A hybrid heuristic algorithm (M-ILS-SA) for school district division is proposed based on the combination of a Multi-Start Iterative Local Search (M-ILS) algorithm and a Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. According to the principle of “school grouping first and student assigning second”, a K-Medoids model is first used to implement school grouping. Then, the initial solution for each run of ILS that starts is generated by the region growth algorithm. After completing the neighborhood search, the SA algorithm is finally used to choose the optimal solution from the historically generated school districts identified by ILS. The experimental results show that the proposed M-ILS-SA algorithm can effectively reduce the total elapsed time and the number of over-enrolled students in each school district, and ensure spatial continuity in both single-school and multi-school district divisions.
MULTI-SCALE SPATIAL MODELLING OF ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS
Authors: Hua Y. P. , Lan G. W. , Du Y. L.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The research proposes a multi-scale spatial data model of electric power distribution networks (EPDNs) to address the problem that the single-scale EPDN data cannot meet the needs of data representation and spatial analysis of multiple levels of detail (LODs). This study comprehensively analyses the equipment used in the EPDN, summarizes the detailed information of EPDN elements and constructs a reasonable EPDN structure system. Based on the analysis of a large number of use cases in the operation and maintenance field of EPDN, this research identifies the elements of the graphic data and attribute data relating to the EPDN. According to the needs of different users and different application modes of EPDN data in multi-scale data representation, the EPDN data models are divided into four LODs, and the simplification principle of constructing different LODs is put forward and the elements contained in each LOD are carefully modelled. This study divides the EPDN elements information into graphic attribute and functional attribute, and then the attribute information of the EPDN data models in different LODs is described in detail. In addition, the EPDN data of Yan Shan campus of Guilin University of Technology is modelled with the proposed method, which has achieved good visualization results.
VECTOR AND RASTER DATA LAYERED FUSION AND 3D VISUALIZATION
Authors: Huang Y. S. , Zhou G. Q. , Yue T. , Yan H. B. , Zhang W. X. , Bao X. , Pan Q. Y. , Ni J. S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Although contemporary geospatial science has made great progress, spatial data fusion of vector and raster data is still a problem in the geoinformation science environment. In order to solve the problem, this paper proposes a method which merges vector and raster data. Firstly, the row and column numbers of the raster data, and the X, Y values of the vector data are represented by Morton code in the C++ environment, respectively. Secondly, we establish the the raster data table and the vector data table in the Oracle database to store the vector data and the raster data. Third, this paper uses the minimum selection bounding box method to extract the top data of the building model. Finally, we divide the vector and raster data into four steps to obtain the fusion data table, and we call the fusion data in the database for 3D visualization. This method compresses the size of data of the original data, and simultaneously divides the data into three levels, which not only solves the problem of data duplication storage and unorganized storage, but also can realize vector data storage and the raster data storage in the same database at the same time. Thus, the fusion original orthophoto data contains the gray values of building roofs and the elevation data, which can improve the availability of vector data and the raster data in the 3D Visualization application.
RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GEODETIC DATABASE SYSTEM
Authors: Wang Y. S. , Zhang P. , Wang X. Q. , Wang Z. Y.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. With the gradual formation of the space technical system of National Geodetic Datum, the storage management and application services of the geodetic data have been developing rapidly. This paper studies Geodetic data content, characteristics, classification principles and classification methods in the geodetic technology system and initially forms a standard classification system of geodetic data. On the basis of studying the key technical links to the modern Geodetic Datum comprehensive data acquisition, storage, management and service, this paper has tackled the real-time data optimal storage based on DBFS technology. Technical problems such as multi-dimensional data integration and docking of the software, building a safe and standardized management and the geodetic data service system, coordinating the application of network resources, storage resources, computing resources and other soft and hard environment elements, achieving efficient management and service of land, sea and air integrated observation data results, greatly improving the management ability and application service level of Geodetic data, for surveying and mapping. Business operation of the benchmark database provides support and promotes the social application on geodetic results.
A OPTIMIZATION TUNED ADAPTIVE NEURO-FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM FOR DAM DEFORMATION PREDICTION
Authors: Zhang X. Y. , Wei B.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The performance and stability of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) depend on its network structure and preset parameter selection, and Particle Swarm Optimization-ANFIS (PSO-ANFIS) easily falls into the local optimum and is imprecise. A novel ANFIS algorithm tuned by Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO-ANFIS) is proposed to solve these problems. A chaotic ergodic algorithm is first used to improve the PSO and obtain a CPSO algorithm, and then the CPSO is used to optimize the parameters of ANFIS to avoid falling into the local optimum and improve the performance of ANFIS. Based on the deformation data from the Xiaolangdi Dam in China, three neural network algorithms, ANFIS, PSO-ANFIS, and CPSO-ANFIS, are used to establish the dam deformation prediction models after data preparation and selection of influencing factors for the dam deformation. The results are compared using evaluation indicators that show that CPSO-ANFIS is more accurate and stable than ANFIS and PSO-ANFIS both in predictive ability and in predicted results.
Stress field orientation controls fault leakage at a natural CO2
reservoir
Authors: Miocic Johannes M. , Johnson Gareth , Gilfillan Stuart M. V.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Travertine deposits at the St. Johns Dome natural CO2 reservoir in Arizona, USA, document a long (> 400 ka) history of surface leakage of CO2 from a subsurface reservoir. Travertine deposits are concentrated along surface traces of faults implying that there has been a structural control on the migration pathway of CO2 rich fluids. Here, for the first time, we combine slip tendency and fracture stability to analyse the geomechanical stability of the reservoir-bounding Coyote Wash Fault for three different stress fields and predict areas with high leakage risks. We find that these areas coincide with the travertine deposits on the surface indicating that high permeability pathways as a result of critically stressed fracture networks exist in both fault damage zones and around a fault tip. We conclude that these structural features control leakage. Importantly, we find that even without in-situ stress field data the known leakage points can be predicted using geomechanical analyses, despite the complex tectonic setting. Thus, even though acquiring high quality stress field data for secure subsurface CO2 or energy storage is a must, a first order assessment of leakage risks during site selection can be made with limited stress field knowledge.
Vehicle miles traveled and the built environment: New evidence from panel data
Authors: Ihlanfeldt Keith
Published: February 2020

There has been considerable interest in the impact that the built environment has on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). While this issue has been extensively researched, due to the heavy reliance on cross-sectional data, there remains uncertainty regarding how effective local land-use planning and regulation might be in reducing VMT. Based on a 13-year panel of Florida counties, models are estimated that relate VMT to new measures of the spatial distribution of alternative land uses within counties and county urban expansion. Identification of causal effects is established by including year and county fixed effects, along with an extensive set of control variables, and instrumenting those land uses that may be endogenous. Incremental annual changes in the spatial concentration of alternative land uses are found to affect VMT. The policy implication is that appropriate land-use policy can reduce VMT and should be considered part of the strategy for dealing with the problem of global warming.
“A WeeklyMäshräpto Tackle Extremism”: Music-Making in Uyghur Communities and Intangible Cultural Heritage in China
Authors: Harris Rachel
Published: February 2020

This article provides an in-depth study and critique of the nomination and inscription of an item on UNESCO’s lists of intangible cultural heritage and the developments following its acceptance. China is now a major partner in UNESCO’s heritage projects, but the application and experience of heritage initiatives across China have been highly uneven. I discuss the particular challenges presented in the contested, predominantly Muslim Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. I focus on the question of community, a term that lies at the heart of the UNESCO literature. What do we mean by community, and why do we think it matters? How does socially embedded music-making facilitate community, and how do heritage initiatives change that?

مهزكۇر ماقاله تهنقﯩدﯨي مهۋقهده تۇرۇپ، بﯩر غهيرى رهسمﯩي مهدهنﯩيهت مﯩراسﯩنﯩڭ بﯩرلهشكهن دۆلهتلهر تهشكﯩلاتى پهن مهدهنﯩيهت مهھكﯩمﯩسﯩگه قانداق قﯩلﯩپ نامزاتلﯩققا كۆرسﯩتﯩلگهنلﯩكى ۋه ئهنگه ئېلﯩنغانلﯩقى، ھهم بۇ مهدهنﯩيهت مﯩراسى قوبۇل قﯩلﯩنغاندﯨن كېيﯩنكى تهرهققﯩيات ئهھۋاللﯩرى قاتارلﯩق مهسﯩلﯩلهر ئۈستﯩده ئېلﯩپ بېرﯨلغان ئﯩنچﯩكه تهتقﯩقات مهزمۇنلﯩرى بﯩلهن تهمﯩنلهيدۇ. گهرچه خﯩتاي ھۆكۈمﯩتى ھازﯨر بﯩرلهشكهن دۆلهتلهر تهشكﯩلاتى پهن مهدهنﯩيهت مهھكﯩمﯩسﯩنﯩڭ مهدهنﯩي مﯩراسلارنى قوغداش ئﯩش تۈرلﯩرﯨگه ئهڭ كوپ ئﯩقتﯩسادﯨي ياردهم بېرﯨدﯨغان دۆلهت بولسﯩمۇ ئهمما خﯩتاي دۆلﯩتﯩده مهدهنﯩيهت مﯩراسلﯩرﯨنى قوغداشقا ئﯩلتﯩماس قﯩلﯩش ۋه ئۇنﯩڭدﯨن كېيﯩنكى خﯩزمهتلهرنﯩڭ ئﯩجرا قﯩلﯩنﯩشى ئﯩنتايﯩن تهڭپۇڭسﯩز. مهن مۇشۇ تېمﯩنى چۆرﯨدﯨگهن ھالدا، بولۇپمۇ مۇسۇلمانلار مۇتلهق كۆپ سانلﯩقنى ئﯩگهللهيدﯨغان شﯩنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونﯩدﯨكى مهۋجۇت مهسﯩلﯩلهر ھهققﯩده مۇنازﯨره ئېلﯩپ بارﯨمهن. مهن، بۇ يهردﯨكى جهمﯩيهتته بولۇۋاتقان مهسﯩلﯩلهرنى ھالقﯩلﯩق نۇقتا قﯩلﯩپ تۇرۇپ، بﯩرلهشكهن دۆلهتلهر تهشكﯩلاتى پهن مهدهنﯩيهت مهھكﯩمﯩسﯩنﯩڭ ئﯩچﯩده قانچﯩلﯩك ساختﯩلﯩقلارنﯩڭ بولۇۋاتقانلﯩقﯩنى ئوتتۇرﯨغا قويﯩمهن. بۇ ئهھۋاللار ئۇيغۇر جهمئﯩيﯩتى تهرﯨپﯩدﯨن قانداق چۈشﯩنﯩلﯩدۇ ۋه بﯩز نﯩمﯩشقا بۇ ئﯩشنى ناھايﯩتى ئېغﯩر مهسﯩله دهپ قارايمﯩز؟ مهدهنﯩيهت مﯩراسلﯩرﯨغا ۋارﯨسلﯩق قﯩلﯩش خﯩزمهتلﯩرى شۇ جهمئﯩيهتنﯩڭ ئﯩجتﯩمائﯩي ساھهسى بﯩلهن زﯨچ باغلﯩنﯩشلﯩق بولغان مۇزﯨكا ئﯩشلهپچﯩقﯩرﯨشﯩغا قانداق ئۆزگﯩرﯨشلهرنى ئېلﯩپ كېلﯩدۇ؟
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of glioblastoma: Where we are
Authors: Lu Bryan , Du Senxi , Kong Xiao-Tang
Published: February 2020

Despite a history of frequent challenges and roadblocks, there has been recent excitement in the treatment of human cancer, specifically regarding the remarkable efficacy of various immune checkpoint inhibitors including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockers in treating metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and other malignant growths. However, treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with immune checkpoint inhibitors so far has not been shown to be as successful in several randomized clinical trials as in other cancer with the exception of one pilot study that found promising results by neoadjuvant administration of Pembrolizimab for the treatment of recurrent GBM. Our article will review the current status of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of GBM.
An Independent Validation of the Brighton Spondylodiscitis Score and a Proposal to Modify the Score
Authors: Urrutia Julio , Besa Pablo , Meissner-Haecker Arturo , Delgado Byron
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

The Brighton Spondylodiscitis Score (BSS) aims to identify patients with pyogenic spinal infections (PSIs) requiring surgery; an independent assessment of the BSS is required.

Methods:

We evaluated 60 patients with PSIs. Using the BSS, we determined whether patients with low, moderate, and high risk (LMHR) had different rates of surgery. We proposed a modified score (MS) using a logistic regression (LOGR). Applying the MS, we determined whether patients with LMHR exhibited different rates of surgery. Another LOGR determined the association of the BSS and the MS with surgery. A C-statistic using the BSS and the MS was generated.

Results:

We studied 60 patients (mean age = 63 years); 37 (62%) were men; 30 (50%) required surgery. Using the BSS, patients with LMHR had similar rates of surgery (P = 0.53). LOGR showed that cervical PSIs had a larger chance of surgery (odds ratio [OR] = 7.3 [1.1 to 51.3]) than other locations. Using the MS, patients with moderate- and high-risk were operated more frequently than low-risk patients (P = 0.04). The BSS did not predict surgery (OR = 1.07; P = 0.31), but the MS did (OR = 1.16; P = 0.02). The C-statistic using the BSS (0.59) improved using the MS (0.69), P = 0.03.

Discussion:

The discriminatory capacity to predict surgery of the BSS augmented using the MS.

Level of Evidence:

II (Diagnostic study: Transverse study)
Whether the Construction of the Free Trade Zone Will Help Improve the Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises-Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Companies
Authors: Zhou Chao
Published: February 2020

Since the establishment of the first free trade zone in Shanghai in 2013, as of 2018, China has successively established 13 free trade zones. This paper uses a multi-period difference method and uses the financial data of Chinese A-share listed companies to prove the construction of the FTZ help to improve the TFP of the enterprise. The annual patent data obtained by the company is used to empirically analyze the role of innovation as a mediating effect in the development of the FTZ. In the end, it is believed that the construction of the FTZ can improve the TFP of enterprises through intermediary effects and regulatory effects.
The Effects of Online Reviews of Opinion Leaders on Users’ Investment Intentions in Virtual Financial Communities
Authors: Shi Yunxia , Ma Chunhao , Bao Xinxin , Wei Wenpei
Published: February 2020

With the rapid development of internet financial community, more and more people opt to obtain financial information through online reviews. Based on the perspective of online reviews of opinion leaders, we explored the influences of online reviews of opinion leaders on users’ investment intentions in the financial community. We introduced the concepts of user trust and online interaction propensity and built a theoretical model. Our results, based on data collected from 205 users of a famous financial virtual community, suggested that the online reviews of opinion leaders had a significant effect on users’ investment intentions. In conclusion, financial institutions should pay attention to opinion leaders and enhance communication and relationships with them.
Hotel-Related Factors and Employee Performance "The Case of Jordanian Four Star Hotels"
Authors: Alfandi Ashraf Mohammad
Published: February 2020

The study addresses the challenge of employee performance (EP) at the four-star hotels in Jordan by focusing on how hotel-related factors influencing EP. Multiple regression was used to predict EP and explain the impact of five predictors that are organization culture (OC), organization structure (OS), manager attitude (MA), empowerment (EM), and training culture (TC). A correlation was used to compare the relationship between study variables. The results of multiple regression indicated that EM was the strongest predictor of EP followed by MA, and TC, whereas OS and OC found to not influence the EP. Overall interrelations among the independent variables showed a positive strong relationship and positively related to EP. Based on the study findings, several recommendations are offered. Finally, the implications for management are discussed.
The Impact of Stakeholders on the Achievement of the Projects Within Malian Firms: Case of SODEMA
Authors: Fané Tiédian , Bagayoko Toumani
Published: February 2020

This study highlights the impact of stakeholders on achievement of projects. The recommendations should be used as guideline for Malian projects.

The quantitative and qualitative methods, primary data collected by questionnaires and interviews are used. Secondary data are gotten from articles, journals and online resources. The research framework was analyzed using simple regression models. Hypothesis test is adopted to accept or reject the hypotheses formulated in this research. Excel software have been used to perform regression statistics, predicting with the regression equation, Hypothesis test for correlation, ANOVA table and Regression equation plot.

The results suggest that stakeholders have significant impact on achievement of projects. Stakeholders have a positive impact on achievement of projects is valid hypothesis. This study makes several contributions to research and theory of key stakeholders and achievement of projects. A greater understanding of stakeholders and achievement of projects provided further investigation of the relationship between of stakeholders and achievement of projects. This model can be used by other project for its achievement. Through the use of this model, project can quickly identify stakeholders requiring special and urgent attention.

SODEMA industry needs improvement in communication with stakeholders. The theoretical model developed in this study is applicable in practice.
In beroep tegen visumweigering: een bespreking van het Hof van Justitie-arrest Vethanayagam
Authors: Klaassen M.A.K.
Published: February 2020

In beroep tegen visumweigering: een bespreking van het Hof van Justitie-arrest Vethanayagam

In de uitspraak Vethanayagam oordeelt het Hof van Justitie dat een vreemdeling alleen beroep in kan stellen tegen de weigering van een visum in de staat die op grond van een bilaterale vertegenwoordigingsregeling ertoe is gemachtigd om een beslissing te nemen op de visumaanvraag. Dit levert volgens het Hof van Justitie geen spanning op met het recht op effectieve rechterlijke bescherming. In de onderhavige zaak konden de betrokken vreemdelingen in beroep gaan tegen de visumweigering in Zwitserland. In deze bespreking wordt ingegaan op praktische aspecten die afbreuk kunnen doen aan de doeltreffendheid van effectieve rechterlijke toetsing door de vertegenwoordigende lidstaat en de positie van Zwitserland als niet-EU-lidstaat.

HvJ 29 juli 2019, zaak C-680/17, ECLI:EU:C:2019:627, JV 2019/158, m.nt. Boeles (Vethanayagam e.a.)
HAVE ANTI-CRISIS LEGAL REGULATIONS INHIBITED THE EXPANSION OF THE POLISH BANKING SECTOR?
Authors: Szafarczyk Adam
Published: February 2020

The article concerns the issue of assessing the effectiveness of anti-crisis legal regulations in the context of the functioning and development (including expansion) of the Polish banking sector. The analyzes carried out in the article are the result of many years of the author's own analyses and research and have practical and application value.