bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction with Life in Elderly People Living in Rural and Urban Areas of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Ravirakula Beulah , Bilquis  , Seelam Prashanthi , Dhanasree K. , Prakash K. Kiran
Published: July 2023

Aim: The aim of the present study is to assess the satisfaction with life in elderly living in rural and urban areas of Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh state.

Study Design: Exploratory research design was adopted to study the satisfaction with life elderly.

Methodology: Elderly between the age group 65-74 years were selected. Purposive random sampling technique and snow ball technique were used to select the sample from both the rural and urban areas. The total sample comprised of 120 elderly people, (60 from urban and 60 from rural) of both the genders. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) developed by Denier et al. (1985) was used to assess the satisfaction with life in elderly.

Results: Results revealed that nearly half of the rural elderly respondents expressed slight dissatisfaction and two third of urban elderly showed neutral responses. Among urban and rural elderly, urban elderly showed significantly (p=0.01) higher mean score (18.63±2.22) than rural elderly. Although male elderly had higher mean scores (17.33±4.02) than their counterparts non-significant mean differences were found for satisfaction with life.

Conclusion: As satisfaction with life plays a crucial role in healthy ageing, it is important to increase the levels of satisfaction with life through intervention with special focus on female and rural elderly.
Eco-design Design Strategy: Case Study Biomimicry Approach in Design Product Materials
Authors: Taieb Amine Haj , Amor Maha Ben
Published: July 2023

Ecodesign is an approach to design of a product with special consideration for the environmental impacts of the product during its whole lifecycle. This paper describes barriers and success factor to implement eco-design in functional textile design. The designing phase is critical for the integration of environment issue. Ecodesign is an early stage of a design. Through an intelligent utilization of the available resources, Ecodesign aims at a product and process design that ensures maximum benefit for all actors involved as well as consumer satisfaction, while causing only minimum environmental impacts.

In this survey, Biomimicry will be presented. It's the kind of inspiration is to create new and useful products for everyday life. This inspiration is always at the service of innovation and technology. That is why we consider the bio-mimicry, as a synergy between innovation, aesthetics and technology. We try in this paper to solve the toughest challenges in sustainability and train designer practicing biomimicry".

The analysis of all examples of biomimetic fixtures shows that all of these products are a synergy once between innovation and functionality, once between ecology and technology, and again between the different notions.

Man was inspired, always, from nature to meet their needs. Nature was a primary source in a significant number of creations. This has led to biomimetic products that differ in the raw material, the way of manufacturing, techniques, ornamentation that show the synergy between nature on one hand, and on the other innovation, aesthetic and technology. Therefore, we could develop the concept of sustainable development while trying to meet the challenges of this approach.

In this paper, the main area of biomimicry in design will be presented and examples will be discussed.
Legal Protection of Financial Markets: A Review
Authors: Abdu-ALgafoor Mosheer Q. , Herode Pramod J.
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to review the literature on legal protection and regulations to protect financial markets from fraudulent activities, market manipulation, insider trading, financial market crimes, and other forms of misconduct. The paper also reviews the role of regulatory bodies, such as securities commissions and central banks, in supervising and enforcing these legal protections. In addition, the article discusses international cooperation and coordination efforts to enhance legal protection across borders, considering the challenges posed by global financial transactions through the analysis of relevant scientific literature. Finally, the paper provides insights into the legal mechanisms and legislation regulating financial markets that enhance performance proper and resilient financial markets.
Effect of Different Level of NPK Fertilizers, FYM and Vermicompost on Yield Attributes of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) var. Devika
Authors: Dessai Bhushan Sawant , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Toppo Neha
Published: July 2023

The field experiment was carried out at soil science research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during kharif season 2022. The soil experimental area was sandy loam in texture. The design was laid out in randomized block design with three levels of NPK (0%,50%, & 100%), three levels of FYM and three levels of Vermicompost (0%, 50%, & 100%) respectively. The results obtained with treatment T9-[120:60:50 Kg NPK + 25 t FYM + 6 t Vermicompost] showed highest plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plants-1, number of fruits plant-1, total fruit yield. No significant was observed in yield and growth of okra under control. Application of Organic manures well as its mixture with full NPK considerably increase in growth and total yield attributes of okra. In contrast to all other treatments, use of 100% NPK, 100% FYM and 100% Vermicompost shows the most significant impact with effective on okra growth.
Estimation of Genetic Variability for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Dolichus Bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet var. Typicus] Genotypes
Authors: Pattnaik M. , Sahoo D. , Ranjith P. , Sahu G. S. , Tripathy P. , Mohanty A. , Das S. , Das B. C.
Published: July 2023

Dolichos bean is an indigenous legume grown as vegetable (Lablab purpureus var. typicus) and pulse (Lablab purpureus var. lignosus) throughout India. A wide range of variation exists for the morphological and reproductive characters amongst the land races of Indian Bean grown all over the country. Therefore it is necessary to select variety having desired pod quality with high yield potential. Despite of these good attributing characters it is still regarded as underexploited vegetable because of low productivity, long duration and photosensitivity, flowering irregularity, growth habit and preference of consumers with respect to pod shape, pod size, pod colour, pod aroma. Keeping this in view the present investigation was conducted at All India Co-ordinated  Research Project on Vegetable Crops, Odisha University Of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar during Rabi, 2020-21 for evaluating the yield and yield attributing characters, for estimating the variability, heritability, genetic advance and the association between yield and yield attributing characters for an effective selection to estimate the genetic variability in Dolichus bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) sweet var. typicus] genotypes for further crop improvement study. The genotypic variance ranged from 0.02 for pod weight per plant to 2435 for average leaf area. The phenotypic variance ranged from 0.023 for pod weight per plant to 2879.8 for average leaf area. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) for all the 14 characters taken. This happened because PCV estimates includes variations due to environment (E) and genotype and environment (GE) interaction. PCV was highest (60.31) for pod yield per plant followed by average leaf area (35.09) indicating the presence of wide range of genetic variability in the germplasm for these traits. Higher value of GCV was found for characters like pod yield per plant (59.80) followed by average leaf area (32.26) and number of pods per plant (31.94). Highest estimates of heritability in broad sense was observed in Pod weight per plant (98.30) followed by number of pods per plant (96.17), average leaf area (84.55), number of pods per inflorescence (83.91), pod length (82.22), plant height (78.82), pod yield per hectare (78.66) indicating that these characters are less influenced by environment.
ANALISIS STRATEGI BISNIS PADA YONG CHUN CHINESE LANGUAGE CENTER
Authors: Monica Monica
Published: July 2023

Yong Chun Chinese Language Center merupakan salah satu lembaga kursus bahasa Mandarin yang berada di kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu masalah yang dihadapi Yong Chun saat menjalankan bisnisnya serta mencari solusi untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi dalam bentuk strategi-strategi tertentu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap 7 orang narasumber yang dipilih. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis SWOT untuk mencari tahu masalah serta solusi yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT, terdapat 4 kelompok strategi yang dapat diterapkan Yong Chun untuk mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi, yang pertama adalah strategi SO, yaitu dengan cara menetapkan kelas online sebagai salah satu program, meningkatkan kegiatan promosi program Kemitraan Sekolah. Berikutnya adalah Strategi WO yang terdiri atas 2 strategi yaitu melalui peningkatan kegiatan promosi perekrutan pengajar dan perbaikan kualitas jaringan internet pada kantor pusat, kemudian strategi berikutnya adalah Strategi ST atas 2 strategi yaitu memberikan potongan harga kepada pelanggan serta mempertahankan citra dan reputasi positif yang dimiliki oleh Yong Chun. Kelompok strategi terakhir adalah strategi WT yang menyarankan Yong Chun untuk memperluas kegiatan promosinya hingga ke luar daerah Surabaya.
Pergeseran Makna Penerjemahan dan Kesalahan Penerjemahan pada teks subtitle bahasa Indonesia dalam program Youku Tiongkok Street Dance of China Season 4
Authors: Budidjojo Vania , Christiana Elisa
Published: July 2023

翻译意义的转移和翻译的错误对译文读者或观众对译文的理解程度有很大的影响。所以翻译者能够正确翻译是非常重要的。本研究旨在分析中国中文优酷节目《这！就是街舞 ：第四季》印尼文字幕中出现的各种翻译意义转移和翻译的错误，以便将来译者在翻译某些内容时可以更加小心。本研究采用描述性定性研究法，笔者将对优酷官方Youtube上的优酷节目《这!就是街舞：第四季》原视频中的中文和印尼文字幕文本进行一一分析。结果表明，在字幕文本中，所有被Simatupang提出的意义转移类型，即从泛义到特义的改变、从特义到泛义的改变、文化观点不同导致的意义改变都被笔者发现。此外，在资料中还发现了Norrish提出的各类翻译错误理论，即语义错误、句法错误和形态错误。关键词：这就是街舞，意义转移，翻译错误，中文，字幕
Penelitian Pengajaran Bahasa Mandarin pada Karakter dengan Komponen “Yòu”dari Kerangka Peringkat Karakter Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Rumalutur Tenika Xintu
Published: July 2023

Pengajaran penulisan karakter Mandarin selalu menjadi kesulitan besar dalam pengajaran bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing. Kesalahan penulisan karakter bahasa Mandarin adalah fenomena umum di kalangan siswa asing, dan penyebab siswa asing sering membuat kesalahan dalam penulisan karakter bahasa Mandarin berasal dari berbagai aspek. Makalah ini mengambil karakter dengan komponen "yòu" dari "Garis Besar Kosakata Bahasa Mandarin dan Tingkat Karakter Bahasa Mandarin" sebagai contoh. Dimulai dengan meneliti asal mula karakter "yòu", Serta mengambil data dalam "HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus", dan menstatistikan kesalahan penulisan yang dibuat oleh siswa asing dalam menulis karakter mandarin dengan komponen "yòu". Jenis kesalahan yang muncul dalam karakter dengan komponen "yòu" akan dikelompokkan menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu: 1. Kesalahan bentuk karakter yang mirip; 2. Kesalahan pengucapan-kata yang serupa; 3. Pengucapan yang mirip dan kesalahan bentuk karakter. Dari jenis-jenis kesalahan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan penyebabnya berupa situasi dan sikap belajar siswa, transfer negatif dari bahasa ibu, kompleksitas karakter bahasa Mandarin dan strategi pembelajaran. Tekanan dan waktu yang terbatas bagi siswa asing yang belajar bahasa Mandarin di Tiongkok merupakan kunci masalah dalam mengajar bahasa Mandarin sebagai bahasa asing. Pada akhirnya, saya memberikan beberapa saran untuk pengajaran karakter bahasa Mandarin, pengajaran praktis, saran pembelajaran di kelas dan saran untuk kemampuan guru yang komprehensif.
MOTIVASI KHALAYAK PENDENGAR SIARAN ”ZAO AN SISHUI” DI GLOBAL RADIO FM SURABAYA
Authors: Ilham Chris Tianto
Published: July 2023

Global Radio FM adalah stasiun radio yang menyiarkan siaran Bahasa Mandarin serta mulai banyak diminati oleh masyarakat Tionghoa di Surabaya dan sekitarnya. Salah satu program radio Global Radio FM di Surabaya adalah “Zao An Sishui”. Siaran “Zao An Sishui” sudah mengudara sejak tahun 2005 dan sampai saat ini masih mengudara. Program siaran“Zao An Sishui” menjadi salah satu siaran favorit bagi para khalayak pendengar Global Radio FM Surabaya. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana karakteristik khalayak pendengar dan motivasi khalayak pendengar siaran radio ”Zao An Sishui” di Global Radio FM Surabaya. Melalui wawancara dengan para responden, didapatkan bahwa karakteristik khalayak pendengar siaran ini adalah orang-orang yang ingin mencari hiburan baru, ingin mengikuti perkembangan zaman, dan ingin bersosialisasi serta ikut berbaur dengan sesama. Motivasi pendengar lebih bersifat instrumental, berhubungan dengan manfaat yang mereka dapatkan dari siaran “Zao An Sishui”, antara lain seperti mendapatkan pengetahuan baru tentang lagu-lagu Mandarin yang sedang booming saat ini, info kesehatan yang terkini seperti tentang kasus Covid yang terja
Etos Kerja Tokoh Utama Tionghoa dalam Novel Terbang: Menembus Langit
Authors: Adirahsetio Kurniawati
Published: July 2023

Tarakan dikenal sebagai kota penghasil minyak dan sumber daya alam melimpah, tapi sayangnya tidak semua orang yang di sana hidup sejahtera. Onggy Hianata adalah contoh orang tersebut. Karena hal tesebut, ia memilih untuk merantau ke kota ke Surabaya serta Jakarta dan meninggalkan Tarakan. Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana etos kerja seorang tokoh Tionghoa utama setelah ia memutuskan merantau dan memulai bisnisnya, serta apa saja faktor yang mempengaruhi, secara internal dan eksternal. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan studi pustaka. Untuk teknik analisis data, penulis menggunakan literatur bacaan serta artikel dari internet untuk menambah wawasan. Penulis menggunakan teori penokohan dan konflik. Karena konflik merupakan alat untuk mengetahui seperti apa etos kerja Onggy. Prinsip bisnis etos kerja orang Tionghoa apa saja yang ada dalam kehidupan Onggy. Selain etos kerja Onggy, penulis memberikan deskripsi mengenai empat faktor internal dan lima faktor eksternal yang sangat berpengaruh pada etos kerja Onggy Hianata. Empat faktor internal tersebut antara lain: kesadaran, kemauam, peningkatan dan wawasan. Sedangkan lima faktor eksternal antara lain: agama, budaya, kondisi lingkungan dan geografis, sosial dan politik, pendidikan. Kata kunci: Orang Tionghoa- Indonesia, etos kerja, novel, tokoh utama
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENGGUNAAN 会, 能, 可以 YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH MAHASISWA INDONESIA UNIVERSITAS YANGZHOU DAN MAHASISWA INDONESIA PRODI BAHASA MANDARIN UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN PETRA
Authors: Agung Febe Leonora
Published: July 2023

Ada banyak kata kerja modal dalam Bahasa Mandarin. Kata kerja modal dapat digunakan didepan kata kerja dan kata sifat untuk mengungkapkan perlunya kemungkinan obyektif, keinginan subjektif atau seseorang, dan memiliki fungsi komentar. "hui(会)", "neng(能)", "keyi(可以)" adalah salah satu kata kerja modal dalam Bahasa Mandarin. Tiga kata ini mempunyai makna yang hampir sama, dalam Bahasa Indonesia adalah "bisa, boleh, dapat". Namun penggunaan dalam kalimatnya berbeda. Bagi orang asing, sangat sulit membedakan ketiga kata ini. Banyak orang asing tidak tahu kapan harus menggunakan "hui", kapan harus menggunakan "neng" dan kapan harus menggunakan "keyi". Tidak hanya pelajar yang belajar di Indonesia, namun pelajar Indonesia yang belajar di Tiongkok juga bisa melakukan kesalahan dalam penggunaannya. Tidak peduli orang dari negara mana, saat belajar selalu ada kesalahan. Tujuan dari penelitian tentang "hui(会)", "neng(能)" dan "keyi(可以)"  ini adalah untuk membandingkan penggunaan "hui(会)", "neng(能)" dan "keyi(可以)" dalam kalimat Bahasa Mandarin antara mahasiswa Indonesia Universitas Yangzhou dengan mahasiswa Program Studi Bahasa Mandarin dari Universitas Kristen Petra. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuesioner untuk menganalisis kesalahan. Dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa belajar dengan lingkungan bahasa ibu akan lebih mengerti secara detil kegunaan suatu kata dari bahasa asing, karena pengajar dapat menjelaskan dengan detil dan jelas menggunakan bahasa ibu dari pelajar. Jadi, belajar dimanapun bisa membuahkan hasil yang baik jika pelajar mengerti bahasa yang digunakan pengajar.
Analisis Kesalahan Penempatan Adverbial Waktu dan Tempat dalam Kalimat oleh Mahasiswa Angkatan 2016 Program Studi Bahasa Mandarin Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya
Authors: Widyanata Celline Vivian
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkategorikan dan menganalisis jenis kesalahan dan penyebab kesalahan menempatkan adverbial waktu dan tempat dalam kalimat Bahasa Mandarin oleh mahasiswa angkatan 2016 Program Studi Bahasa Mandarin Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya. Dalam membuat kalimat atau menulis artikel Bahasa Mandarin, banyak kalimatnya mengandung adverbial waktu dan tempat. Penulis mendapatkan bahwa masih banyak mahasiswa melakukan kesalahan penempatan adverbial waktu dan tempat dalam kalimat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah sembilan mahasiswa angkatan 2016 Program Studi Bahasa Mandarin. Data penelitian didapat dari tes tulis dan tes lisan. Dari hasil tes dapat disimpulkan, kesalahan terbanyak mahasiswa pada tes tulis yaitu soal berdasarkan teori pemakaian ‘以前/以后’ untuk menjelaskan suatu tindakan yang terjadi sebelum atau sesudah kejadian lain dalam waktu tertentu (presentase kesalahan: 40.74%), sementara pada tes lisan yaitu soal berdasarkan teori pemakaian kata keterangan waktu (presentase kesalahan: 2.22%). Selain karena pengaruh dari Bahasa Indonesia, penyebab kesalahan dalam penempatan adverbial waktu dan tempat yang paling besar adalah karena kerumitan Bahasa Mandarin beserta sistem pengajarannya. Kata kunci: Adverbial waktu, adverbial tempat, analisis kesalahan, Bahasa Mandarin
Weak correlations among 13 episodic memory tasks related to the same public event
Authors: Murphy Gillian , Loftus Elizabeth , Levine Linda J. , Grady Rebecca Hofstein , Greene Ciara M.
Published: July 2023

If an individual demonstrates accurate autobiographical memory in one task, will they also demonstrate accurate autobiographical memory in related tasks? Over 18 months, 213 participants completed 13 episodic memory tasks related to the same national referendum. Tasks included false memories for fake news, flashbulb memories, factual memories, memory for emotions, hindsight bias, eyewitness accuracy, susceptibility to leading questions and memory blindness. Although moderate to strong correlations were found over time for the same episodic memory tasks, correlations among differing memory tasks were very weak. Our findings suggest that individuals vary in how well they remember different elements of a public event. We conclude that episodic memory is a multi‐faceted construct and researchers should be slow to generalise from one task to another, even when the two tasks refer to the same public event (e.g., we should not presume that individual differences in event memory will predict false memories for fake news).
The Patient Experience of Gout Remission: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Tabi‐Amponsah Adwoa Dansoa , Stewart Sarah , Hosie Graham , Horne Anne , Dalbeth Nicola
Published: July 2023

Objective

Preliminary remission criteria for gout have been developed. However, the patient experience of gout remission has not been described. This qualitative study aimed to understand the patient experience of gout remission and views about the preliminary gout remission criteria.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted. All participants had gout, had not had a gout flare in the preceding 6 months, and were on urate‐lowering medication. Participants were asked to discuss their experience of gout remission and views about the preliminary remission criteria. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using a reflexive thematic approach.

Results

Twenty participants with gout (17 male participants, median age 63 years) were interviewed. Four key themes of the patient experience of remission were identified: 1) minimal or no gout symptoms (absence of pain due to gout flares, good physical function, smaller or no tophi), 2) freedom from dietary restrictions, 3) gout is “not on the mind”, and 4) multifaceted management strategies to maintain remission (regular urate‐lowering therapy, exercise, healthy eating). Participants believed that the preliminary remission criteria contained all relevant domains but considered that the pain and patient global assessment domains overlapped with the gout flares domain. Participants regarded 12 months as a more suitable time frame than 6 months to measure remission.

Conclusion

Patients experience gout remission as a return to normality with minimal or no gout symptoms, dietary freedom, and absence of mental load. Patients use a range of management strategies to maintain gout remission.
Strong Nonlinear Response in Crystalline Quartz at THz Frequencies
Authors: Zibod Soheil , Rasekh Payman , Yildrim Murat , Cui Wei , Bhardwaj Ravi , Ménard Jean‐Michel , Boyd Robert W. , Dolgaleva Ksenia
Published: July 2023

This study reports on the experimental observation of a very strong nonlinear response in crystalline quartz in the terahertz (THz) frequency region through THz time‐domain spectroscopy (THz‐TDS). A previously established theoretical model is modified and presented and predicts a Kerr coefficientn2equal to 5.17 × 10−14m2W−1. The time‐domain analysis of the measured data shows that with increasing of the THz peak amplitude, the pulse experiences a larger time delay in the sample. As the THz amplitude increases to values higher than 110 kV cm−1, the growth rate of the delay decreases, indicating a saturation process. The value of the nonlinear refractive index calculated through the frequency‐response analysis is estimated to be on the order of 10−13m2W−1, which is several orders of magnitude larger than typical values of the nonlinear refractive index of solids in the visible region. Furthermore, a negative fifth‐order susceptibility on the order of 10−30m4V−4is measured.
Natural Algaecide Sphingosines Identified in Hybrid Straw Decomposition Driven by White‐Rot Fungi
Authors: Hu Jing , Kokoette Effiong , Xu Caicai , Huang Shitao , Tang Tao , Zhang Yiyi , Liu Muyuan , Huang Yuzhou , Yu Shumiao , Zhu Jie , Holmer Marianne , Xiao Xi
Published: July 2023

Harmful algal blooms (HABs), which are promoted by eutrophication and intensified by global warming, occur worldwide. Allelochemicals, which are natural chemicals derived from plants or microbes, are emerging weapons to eliminate these blooms. However, the cost and technical challenges have limited the discovery of novel antialgal allelochemicals. Herein, the decomposition of agricultural straws is manipulated by white‐rot fungi and achieved elevated antialgal efficiency. The transcriptomic analysis reveals that nutrient limitation activated fungal decomposition. By using a comparative nontarget metabolomics approach, a new type of allelochemical sphingosines (including sphinganine, phytosphingosine, sphingosine, and N‐acetylsphingosine) is identified. These novel natural algaecides exhibit superior antialgal capability, with as high as an order of magnitude lower effective concentration on blooming species than other prevalent allelochemicals. The co‐expression relationship between transcriptomic and metabolomic results indicate that sphinganine is strongly correlated with the differentially expressed lignocellulose degradation unigenes. The algal growth suppression is triggered by the activation of programmed cell death, malfunction of algal photosystem and antioxidant system, the disruption on CO2 assimilation and light absorption. The sphingosines reported here are a new category of allelochemicals in addition to the well‐known antialgal natural chemicals, which are potential species‐specific agents for HABs control identified by multi‐omics methodology.
Silver and Copper Dual Single Atoms Boosting Direct Oxidation of Methane to Methanol via Synergistic Catalysis
Authors: Yu Baiyang , Cheng Lu , Dai Sheng , Jiang Yongjun , Yang Bing , Li Hong , Zhao Yi , Xu Jing , Zhang Ying , Pan Chengsi , Cao Xiao‐Ming , Zhu Yongfa , Lou Yang
Published: July 2023

Rationally constructing atom‐precise active sites is highly important to promote their catalytic performance but still challenging. Herein, this work designs and constructs ZSM‐5 supported Cu and Ag dual single atoms as a proof‐of‐concept catalyst (Ag1−Cu1/ZSM‐5 hetero‐SAC (single‐atom catalyst)) to boost direct oxidation of methane (DOM) by H2O2. The Ag1−Cu1/ZSM‐5 hetero‐SAC synthesized via a modified co‐adsorption strategy yields a methanol productivity of 20,115 µmol gcat−1with 81% selectivity at 70 °C within 30 min, which surpasses most of the state‐of‐the‐art noble metal catalysts. The characterization results prove that the synergistic interaction between silver and copper facilitates the formation of highly reactive surface hydroxyl species to activate the C−H bond as well as the activity, selectivity, and stability of DOM compared with SACs, which is the key to the enhanced catalytic performance. This work believes the atomic‐level design strategy on dual‐single‐atom active sites should pave the way to designing advanced catalysts for methane conversion.
Realizing High Brightness Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with Reduced Efficiency Roll‐Off via Multifunctional Interface Engineering
Authors: Lin Yu‐Kuan , Chen Chiung‐Han , Wang Yen‐Yu , Yu Ming‐Hsuan , Yang Jing‐Wei , Ni I‐Chih , Lin Bi‐Hsuan , Zhidkov Ivan S. , Kurmaev Ernst Z. , Lu Yu‐Jung , Chueh Chu‐Chen
Published: July 2023

Quasi‐2D perovskites have recently flourished in the field of luminescence due to the quantum‐confinement effect and the efficient energy transfer between different n phases resulting in exceptional optical properties. However, owing to the lower conductivity and poor charge injection, quasi‐2D perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) typically suffer from low brightness and high‐efficiency roll‐off at high current densities compared to 3D perovskite‐based PeLEDs, which is undoubtedly one of the most critical issues in this field. In this work, quasi‐2D PeLEDs with high brightness, reduced trap density, and low‐efficiency roll‐off are successfully demonstrated by introducing a thin layer of conductive phosphine oxide at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. The results surprisingly show that this additional layer does not improve the energy transfer between multiple quasi‐2D phases in the perovskite film, but purely improves the electronic properties of the perovskite interface. On the one hand, it passivates the surface defects of the perovskite film; on the other hand, it promotes electron injection and prevents hole leakage across this interface. As a result, the modified quasi‐2D pure Cs‐based device shows a maximum brightness of > 70,000 cd m−2 (twice that of the control device), a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of > 10% and a much lower efficiency roll‐off at high bias voltages.
Double‐Dipole Induced by Incorporating Nitrogen‐Bromine Hybrid Cathode Interlayers Leads to Suppressed Current Leakage and Enhanced Charge Extraction in Non‐Fullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zheng Yangchao , Zhao Jingjing , Liang Huanpeng , Zhao Zhenmin , Kan Zhipeng
Published: July 2023

The cathode interlayer plays a vital role in organic solar cells, which can modify the work function of electrodes, lower the electron extraction barriers, smooth the surface of the active layer, and remove solvent residuals. However, the development of organic cathode interlayer lags behind the rapidly improved organic solar cells because their intrinsic high surface tension can lead to poor contact with the active layers. Herein, a double‐dipole strategy is proposed to enhance the properties of organic cathode interlayers, which is induced by incorporating nitrogen‐ and bromine‐containing interlayer materials. To verify this approach, the state‐of‐the‐art active layer composed of PM6:Y6 and two prototypical cathode interlayer materials, PDIN and PFN‐Br is selected. Using the cathode interlayer PDIN: PFN‐Br (0.9:0.1, in wt.%) in the devices can reduce the electrode work function, suppress the dark current leakage, and improve charge extractions, leading to enhanced short circuit current density and fill factor. The bromine ions tend to break from PFN‐Br and form a new chemical bond with the silver electrode, which can adsorb extra dipoles directed from the interlayer to silver. These findings on the double‐dipole strategy provide insights into the hybrid cathode interlayers for efficient non‐fullerene organic solar cells.
Regulating 3D Phase in Quasi‐2D Perovskite Films for High‐Performance and Stable Photodetectors
Authors: Di Haipeng , Zeng Wen , Li Bo‐Han , Liao Feiyi , Zhao Chen , Liang Chuanhui , Li Huang , Wang Jia‐Cheng , Cheng Da‐Bing , Ren Zefeng , Zhao Yiying
Published: July 2023

The charge transport in quasi‐2D perovskites limits their applications despite the superior stability and optoelectronic properties. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to enhance the charge transport by regulating 3D perovskite phase in quasi‐2D perovskite films. The carbohydrazide (CBH) as an additive is introduced into (PEA)2MA3Pb4I13precursors, which slows down the crystallization process and improves the phase ratio and crystal quality of the 3D phase. This structure change results in a significant improvement in charge transport and extraction, leading to the device demonstrating an almost 100% internal quantum efficiency, a peak responsivity of 0.41 A W−1, and a detectivity of 1.31 × 1012Jones at 570 nm under 0 V bias. Furthermore, the air and moisture stability of (PEA)2MA3Pb4I13films is not deteriorated but gets significantly improved due to the better crystal quality and the passivation of defects by the residual CBH molecule. This work demonstrates a strategy for improving the charge transport properties of quasi‐2D perovskites and also sheds light on solving the stability issue of 3D perovskite films via the proper passivation or additives, which will inspire the fast development of the perovskite community.
Comparison of short‐term outcomes between robot‐assisted and laparoscopic rectal surgery for rectal cancer: A propensity score‐matched analysis using the Japanese Nationwide diagnosis procedure combination database
Authors: Mizoguchi Masako , Kizuki Masashi , Iwata Noriko , Tokunaga Masanori , Fushimi Kiyohide , Kinugasa Yusuke , Fujiwara Takeo
Published: July 2023

Background

The use of robot‐assisted surgery for rectal cancer is increasing, but its short‐term results remain unclear. We compared the short‐term outcomes of robot‐assisted and laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer using a nationwide inpatient database.

Methods

We analyzed patients registered in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database who underwent robot‐assisted or laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer from April 2018 to March 2020. Postoperative complication rates, anesthesia time, length of hospital stay, and cost were compared using propensity score matching for low anterior resection (LAR), high anterior resection (HAR), and abdominoperineal resection (APR).

Results

Among 38 090 rectal cancer cases, 1992 LAR, 357 HAR, and 310 APR pairs were generated by propensity score matching and analyzed. Anesthesia time was longer for robot‐assisted surgery compared with laparoscopic surgery (LAR: 388.6 vs. 452.8 min, p < 0.001; HAR: 300.9 vs. 393.5 min, p < 0.001; APR: 4478.5 vs. 533.5 min, p < 0.001). Robot‐assisted surgery was associated with significantly shorter hospital stay for LAR (22.3 vs. 20.0 days, p < 0.001) and APR (29.2 vs. 25.9 days, p = 0.029). Total costs for LAR were significantly lower for robot‐assisted surgery (2031511.6 vs. 1955216.6 JPY, p < 0.001). The complication rates for robot‐assisted surgery tended to be fewer than laparoscopic surgery for all procedures, but the differences were not significant.

Conclusions

Although the anesthesia time was longer for robot‐assisted surgery, the procedure resulted in shorter hospital stay for LAR and APR, and lower costs for LAR compared with laparoscopic surgery. Robot‐assisted surgery can thus help to reduce costs and can be performed safely.
Facile synthesis of azobenzene‐embedded conjugated macrocycles for optically switchable single‐crystal transistors and tunable supramolecular assemblies
Authors: Chang Dongdong , Xiao Xuetao , An Dongyue , Zhang Rong , Song Xianyu , Liu Yunqi , Zhao Yan , Lu Xuefeng
Published: July 2023

A series of new π‐conjugated macrocycles (AzoM‐n‐E, n = 1–3) incorporating azobenzene units have been synthesized by a facile strategy in one‐pot reaction. The resultant azobenzene‐embedded macrocycles feature intrinsic photoresponsive behaviors and intriguing supramolecular assembling properties. The smallest macrocycle AzoM‐1‐E with a rigid planar conjugated backbone structure is used to prepare the single crystal transistors, showing reversible optical tunability. The moderate size macrocycle AzoM‐2‐E assembles into a dimer in the form of interpenetration through π‐π stacking between azobenzene units. The largest macrocycle AzoM‐3‐E with enhanced flexibility can adaptively assemble with various types of electron‐deficient guests accompanied by distortion of azobenzene. Typically, AzoM‐3‐E assembles with the planar F4‐TCNQ to form a tetragonal geometry by C‐F···π and π‐π interactions, while the assembly with ellipsoidal C70 via π‐π interactions induces AzoM‐3‐E to form a boat‐shaped geometry. This work will shed new light on the development of functional conjugated macrocycles in organic electronics.
Porosity engineering of biochar‐based single‐atom Ni catalysts to promote CO2 electroreduction over a broad potential window
Authors: Zhang Bing , Song Dezhong , Liu Youzhen , Deng Quanxiao , Yuan Yang , Liu Qingquan , Huo Jia
Published: July 2023

Developing electrocatalysts for CO2 electroreduction with high activity and superior selectivity is extremely important and desirable from both academic and industrial perspectives. However, owing to competition with hydrogen evolution, highly efficient CO2 reduction is mostly achieved with high CO selectivity in a narrow potential range, which is incompatible with a large cell voltage required for industrial‐level CO2 reduction. Herein, we report an effective strategy to regulate CO2 reduction performances of single‐atom Ni electrocatalysts over a broad potential window by engineering their pore structures (micropores, mesopores, or hierarchical pores with both micropores and mesopores). It is revealed that hierarchically pores can significantly promote CO2 reduction efficiency of single‐atom Ni electrocatalysts. The hierarchically porous electrocatalyst achieves a maximum CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) of 97.4% at −1.2 V (vs. RHE) and shows high FECO of >85% over a broad potential window from −0.7 to −1.7 V, much superior to electrocatalysts with other pore structures. More impressively, turnover frequency of the hierarchically porous electrocatalyst increases rapidly with increasing the applied potential and reaches 50,067 h−1 at −1.7 V. Such CO2 electroreduction promotion could be attributed to a synergistic effect of micropores for enhancing CO2 adsorption and mesopores for facilitating rapid release of product bubbles, which significantly improves CO2 reduction and suppresses hydrogen evolution.
Effect of epoxy chain extenders on molecular structure and properties of polylactic acid
Authors: Li Ling , Wang Haiyan , Jiang Taijun , Hu Can , Zhang Jingqian , Zheng Heqi , Zeng Guangsheng
Published: July 2023

In this work, a novel functional polylactic acid (PLA) was prepared by melt blending using epoxy Joncryl ADR 4468 (ADR) as chain extender. The effects of the epoxy chain expander ADR on the molecular structure, crystallization properties, rheological properties, and mechanical properties of PLA were studied. Furthermore, the chain expansion mechanism was analyzed. It was found that the epoxy group of the epoxy chain extender reacted with the terminal hydroxyl and terminal carboxyl groups of PLA in the molten state, thus significantly increasing the molecular weight of PLA. Meanwhile, the weight average molecular weight of PLA increased by 42.51% when the maximum additional amount of epoxy chain extender was 1.2 wt%. The dynamic rheological experiments also confirmed that ADR can effectively improve the storage modulus, loss modulus and complex viscosity of PLA systems and the Cole‐Cole diagram reveals the branched structure of PLA chain expansion systems. The formation of this branched structure will destroy the regularity of the PLA chain, reduce the crystallization capacity of PLA, and increase the cold crystallization temperature of the PLA system. Through SEM and mechanical property tests, it is found that the addition of ADR makes the molecular chain form a micro‐crosslinked structure, thereby improving the tensile strength of PLA. Therefore, the molecular structure of PLA was effectively regulated and exhibited a promising performance, which greatly expands the potential applications of PLA.
Open‐loop equilibrium seeking in two‐agent noncooperative linear‐quadratic dynamic game with asymmetric horizon length
Authors: Wasa Yasuaki , Tanaka Taichi , Hayakawa Tomohisa
Published: July 2023

This article proposes an iterative‐based algorithm for open‐loop equilibrium seeking in a two‐agent noncooperative dynamic game. The finite‐horizon dynamic games handled in almost all existing articles assume the common prediction horizon length. From the viewpoint of divergence and differences in personal values, it is socially rational to solve the equilibrium of the games with asymmetric prediction horizon length. We thus propose an open‐loop equilibrium‐seeking algorithm without the private knowledge of the other agent's horizon information through a receding‐horizon linear‐quadratic game. Our proposed algorithm is based on iterative optimization. Each agent obtains its own best response control strategy while estimating the other agent's state feedback gain from the state information and guaranteeing the stability of the whole system. We also discuss the performance of the proposed equilibrium‐seeking algorithm through numerical examples.
Gaia search for stellar companions of TESS Objects of Interest IV
Authors: Mugrauer M. , Rück J. , Michel K.‐U.
Published: July 2023

We present the latest results of our ongoing multiplicity study of (Community) TESS Objects of Interest, using astrometric and photometric data from the ESA‐Gaia mission to detect stellar companions of these stars and characterize their properties. A total of 134 binary, 6 hierarchical triple, and two quadruple star systems are identified among 1106 targets whose multiplicity is investigated in the course of our survey, located at distances closer than about 500 pc around the Sun. The detected companions and targets are at the same distance and have a common proper motion, as expected for components of gravitationally bound stellar systems, as demonstrated by their accurate Gaia DR3 astrometry. The companions have masses from about 0.11 to 2  and are most abundant in the mass range between 0.2 and 0.5 . The companions have projected separations from the targets between about 50 and 9700 au. Their frequency is the highest and constant from about 300 up to 750 au, decreasing at larger projected separations. In addition to main sequence stars, four white dwarf companions are detected in this study, whose true nature is revealed by their photometric properties.
Defining bone fide effectors of RAS GTPases
Authors: Smith Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

RAS GTPases play essential roles in normal development and are direct drivers of human cancers. Three decades of study have failed to wholly characterize pathways stimulated by activated RAS, driven by engagement with ‘effector’ proteins that have RAS binding domains (RBDs). Bone fide effectors must bind directly to RAS GTPases in a nucleotide‐dependent manner, and this interaction must impart a clear change in effector activity. Despite this, for most proteins currently deemed effectors there is little mechanistic understanding of how binding to the GTPase alters protein function. There has also been limited effort to comprehensively resolve the specificity of effector binding to the full array of RAS superfamily GTPase proteins. This review will summarize what is known about RAS‐driven activation for an array of potential effector proteins, focusing on structural and mechanistic effects and highlighting how little is still known regarding this key paradigm of cellular signal transduction.
5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin as a Functional Platform for Peptide Stapling and Multicyclisation
Authors: Dognini Paolo , Chaudhry Talhat , Scagnetti Giulia , Assante Michele , Hanson George S. M. , Ross Kehinde , Giuntini Francesca , Coxon Christopher R.
Published: July 2023

Polyfluorinated aromatic reagents readily react with thiolates via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) and provide excellent scaffolds for peptide cyclisation. Here we report a robust and versatile platform for peptide stapling and multicyclisation templated by 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin, opening the door to the next generation of functional scaffolds for 3D peptide architectures. We demonstrate that stapling and multicyclisation occurs with a range of non‐protected peptides under peptide‐compatible conditions, exhibiting chemoselectivity and wide‐applicability. Peptides containing two cysteine residues are readily stapled, and the remaining perfluoroaryl groups permit the introduction of a second peptide in a modular fashion to access bicyclic peptides. Similarly, peptides with more than two cysteine residues can afford multicyclic products containing up to three peptide ‘loops’. Finally, we demonstrate that a porphyrin‐templated stapled peptide containing the Skin Penetrating and Cell Entering (SPACE) peptide affords a skin cell penetrating conjugate with intrinsic fluorescence.
Elucidating the Effect of Ion Exchange Protocol on the Copper Exchange Efficacy, Copper Siting, and SCR Activity in Cu‐SSZ‐13
Authors: Koishybay Aibolat , Umhey Charles , Kuo Chun‐Te , Groden Kyle , McEwen Jean‐Sabin , Karim Ayman M. , Shantz Daniel F.
Published: July 2023

The front cover artwork is provided by Professor Jean‐Sabin McEwen at Washington State University. The image shows how ion exchanges prepared with different copper precursors influence how the copper ultimately sites relative to the zeolite framework, which ultimately impacts its catalytic reactivity for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx in Cu‐SSZ‐13. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300271.
A rare cause of esophageal stenosis: Compression due to a thoracic osteophyte
Authors: Miida Suguru , Arao Yoshihisa , Takeda Nobutaka , Goto Shu , Kojima Yuichi , Kimura Naruhiro , Hayashi Kazunao , Tsuchiya Atsunori , Terai Shuji
Published: July 2023

Several cases of esophageal stenosis caused by cervical vertebral osteophytes have been reported; however, few reports of esophageal stenosis caused by thoracic osteophytes are available. We describe the case of an 86‐year‐old man with esophageal stenosis caused by a thoracic osteophyte near the tracheal bifurcation. An endoscopic ultrasonography examination was scheduled to determine the cause of acute pancreatitis; however, lacerations observed at the bifurcation following endoscope removal during prior esophagogastroduodenoscopy led us to cancel the ultrasonography to avoid potential esophageal perforation. A review of the present case and six similar previous cases of thoracic osteophyte‐associated esophageal stenosis (identified via a systematic search of the PubMed database) demonstrated the clinical importance of a thoracic osteophyte near physiological esophageal stenosis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and computed tomography should be performed to screen for vertebral osteophytes before endoscopic ultrasonography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and transesophageal echocardiography to avoid iatrogenic accidents.
Alcohol consumption, multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions, and field cancerization
Authors: Katada Chikatoshi , Yokoyama Tetsuji , Yano Tomonori , Suzuki Haruhisa , Furue Yasuaki , Yamamoto Keiko , Doyama Hisashi , Koike Tomoyuki , Tamaoki Masashi , Kawata Noboru , Hirao Motohiro , Kawahara Yoshiro , Ogata Takashi , Katagiri Atsushi , Yamanouchi Takenori , Kiyokawa Hirofumi , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Konno Maki , Yokoyama Akira , Ohashi Shinya , Kondo Yuki , Kishimoto Yo , Kano Koichi , Mure Kanae , Hayashi Ryuichi , Ishikawa Hideki , Yokoyama Akira , Muto Manabu
Published: July 2023

The development of multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) in the upper aerodigestive tract, which includes the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus, is explained by field cancerization and is associated with alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. We reviewed the association between alcohol consumption, multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions, and field cancerization, mainly based on the Japan Esophageal Cohort study. The Japan Esophageal Cohort study is a prospective cohort study that enrolled patients with esophageal SCC after endoscopic resection. Enrolled patients received surveillance by gastrointestinal endoscopy every 6 months and surveillance by an otolaryngologist every 12 months. The Japan Esophageal Cohort study showed that esophageal SCC and head and neck SCC that developed after endoscopic resection for esophageal SCC were associated with genetic polymorphisms related to alcohol metabolism. They were also associated with Lugol‐voiding lesions grade in the background esophageal mucosa, the score of the health risk appraisal model for predicting the risk of esophageal SCC, macrocytosis, and score on alcohol use disorders identification test. The standardized incidence ratio of head and neck SCC in patients with esophageal SCC after endoscopic resection was extremely high compared to the general population. Drinking and smoking cessation is strongly recommended to reduce the risk of metachronous esophageal SCC after treatment of esophageal SCC. Risk factors for field cancerization provide opportunities for early diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment. Lifestyle guidance of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking for esophageal precancerous conditions, which are endoscopically visualized as multiple Lugol‐voiding lesions, may play a pivotal role in decreasing the incidence and mortality of esophageal SCC.