bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal Converse in Modern Media Discourse
Authors: Prokhvatilova Olga
Published: June 2020

The article reveals specificity of internal converse practice in the media discourse. The converse is defined as a speech-and-cognitive category that characterizes a constructive principle of the media text manifested in insertion of other person's utterances into the monospeech of a journalist. It is stated that the major means of converse practice is citing direct speech of some other person, which enables precise marking of citation boundaries in media texts. The other person's utterance insertion is marked by the use of reporting verbs that nominate processes of saying or communication in oral or written forms of media discourse, indicating the source of citation with introductory constructions, as well as the names and nicknames of radio listeners who sent their questions. Direct speech may be introduced into the author's text without any special linguistic markers. The sources of quoting relevant for the media text are revealed, including radio listeners, journalists, writers, economists, public and political figures, heroes of modern books and popular movies, mass media. Four functions of the cited utterances are considered relevant for the modern media text: compositional, authoritarian, interpretive and constructive. The types of converse relations that arise between the author's and other person's cited speech are determined.
Cognitive Potential Development of Precedent Anthroponym
Authors: Zolotarev Mikhail , Privalova Irina
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the dynamics of the cognitive potential development of the precedent anthroponym, i.e. a nationally and culturally marked proper name that reflects discursive and pragmatic trends in the evolution of a single language unit within a fixed time frame. The analysis of the data of lexicographic sources along with the data of discourse practices and the psycholinguistic experiment has helped the authors to identify the distinctive features of such lingua-mental phenomenon as the precedent anthroponym. Also, the main types of the transformations that contribute to further development of cognitive potential of the precedent anthroponym have been described. The fact that the differential characteristics of a proper name comprise the perceptual invariant of the precedent anthroponym is of outmost importance. The connection of the precedent anthroponym with some additional knowledge ensures its successful functioning. Hence, one more unique peculiarity of the cognitive potential of the precedent anthroponym is the possibility of conceptual evolution that results in the formation of a new meaning. So, it has been proved that the cognitive potential of the precedent anthroponym enables this linguistic unit to go through several stages of its possible conceptual development in discursive practice: the stage of denotative use, the stage of connotative use, the stage of the external form transformation (word-formation and deonymic conversion), the stage of metaphorization and metonymy, the stage of phraseologization and idiomatization, and the stage of a word play. The results of the study create awareness about the mechanism of secondary conceptualization of knowledge and make a contribution to the development of modern cognitive linguistics.
Reader, I Married Him, or the Mechanism of Attentional Convergence in the English-Language Narrative
Authors: Chemodurova Zinaida
Published: June 2020

The current paper investigates the mechanism of attentional convergence viewed as a type of formal text organization which is based on the convergent potential of several types of foregrounding and is used by writers to stimulate cognitive activities of their readers. The article offers the analysis of the "attentional effects" produced by the combinatorial use of the false expectancy mechanism, coupling, convergence of stylistic devices, salient textual positions of the ultimate narrative beginning and ending, intertextual markers. The hypothesis formulated in the article suggests that the effect of the attentional convergence might be responsible for causing cognitive dissonance as an inherent component of the interpretational programmes modern writers devise for their readers. The article describes the effect caused by the attentional convergence on the readers of short stories created by renowned English-Language female authors, such as J. Briscoe, T. Chevalier, E. Freud, T. Hadley, S. Hill, S. Vickers, to name just a few of the 21 writers, who contributed to the collection entitled "Reader, I Married Him" inspired by "Jane Eyre" and Charlotte Bronte's bicentenary. The analysis carried out in the article focuses on the linguocultural features of gender constructing, undertaken in these modern stories and reflecting diverse attitudes of modern female authors to the issues of gender stereotypes, gender roles, gender motivated patterns of behaviour. The findings presented in the article prove the relevance of a further investigation of various attention focusing mechanisms enhancing the expressiveness of the literary texts and increasing their pragmatic effect on readers.
Tale of Two Cities: Historical Narratives in the Russian and Chinese Urban Landscapes
Authors: Fachun Chen , Leontovich Olga
Published: June 2020

The present paper is part of a broader research "Language of a Big City: Media Urban Discourse in Russia and China". Its theoretical basis is situated in the contact zone between narratology, critical discourse analysis, semiotics and urban communication studies. The investigation is carried out on the example of two big non-capital cities – Volgograd and Tianjin, which represent the social processes typical of modern urban communities. The research model used for the study includes the following dimensions: 1) types of urban narratives; 2) narrator; 3) audience (reader / listener / viewer); 4) plot; 5) time; 6) space; 7) types of semiotic signs; 8) intertextual connections. The investigation proceeds from the idea about the textuality of the human mind, as well as the narrative ways of reality and identity construction. Multiple narratives can provide different urban history interpretations. Politicians use narratives to appropriate or reshape the past and the present as a common form of manipulation. A specific feature of urban historical narratives is that they do not possess fixed temporal boundaries and change due to the dynamics of urban social life. We argue that the stories that shape memories in the minds of general public are condensed versions of historical narratives based on the most intensely remembered facts, coloured with emotions and intensified by visual images, impressions and intertextual links. This idea emphasises the social responsibility of the creators of modern urban narratives in their different forms. The perspective of the research is to investigate the connection of these processes with Russian and Chinese mentality, values, logic of meaning-making and linguistic expression.
Da autonomia do Fórum Mulher na arena pública moçambicana
Authors: Nipassa Orlando Júlio André
Published: June 2020

Resumo Vozes da opinião pública e alguma literatura científica afirmam que as organizações da sociedade civil moçambicana não têm autonomia, dado que dependem da ajuda externa para a sua sobrevivência. Com base na investigação que realizamos entre os anos 2010-2018, primeiro no âmbito dos meus estudos doutorais e, posteriormente, no plano da linha de pesquisa que estabeleci no Departamento de Sociologia da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, não concordamos com esta afirmação categórica e, neste artigo, argumentamos que, não obstante o fator dependência da ajuda externa, entre outros constrangimentos inerentes ao contexto de pobreza que o país atravessa, algumas organizações da sociedade civil, como é o caso do Fórum Mulher, revelam um sentido de autonomia. Esta lhes permite se afirmarem como sujeitos e fazerem intervenções bem-sucedidas na arena pública nacional, contribuindo assim para a aprovação de leis e políticas públicas que buscam acautelar a igualdade de género e os direitos da mulher.
O campo dos estudos de gênero em Moçambique/África
Authors: Gasparetto Vera Fátima
Published: June 2020

Resumo Neste artigo traçamos um quadro da organização do campo dos estudos de gênero em Moçambique, seu diálogo com os estudos de gênero em África e também em âmbito transnacional, assim como sua contribuição para as lutas dos movimentos sociais. O objetivo é perceber parte da trajetória das acadêmicas, sua constituição epistemológica e sua área de influência. Proporcionamos, assim, um panorama da sua história, dos temas que vêm sendo debatidos, das perspectivas, das controvérsias, das conexões, das tensões e como essas contribuem para a formação de um campo de estudos de gênero moçambicano.
Primary bandages for people with pemphigus vulgaris lesions: an integrative literature review
Authors: Soares Hayana Pereira Leal , Brandão Euzeli da Silva , Tonole Renato
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the primary bandages recommended in the literature to dress the wounds of people with pemphigus vulgaris and to describe the positive or negative repercussions related to these bandages. Method: Integrative literature review, using the descriptors "dressing", "nursing care", "nursing", "skin diseases / vesiculobollous" and "pemphigus"; inclusion criteria: articles that address primary bandages for pemphigus vulgaris skin lesion dressing; published between 2010 and 2017; in Portuguese, English or Spanish; indexed in BDENF, LILACS, PubMed, and/or Scopus. Results: eight articles were selected, seven had evidence levels 4 and 5 and one had evidence level 3. The primary bandages covered were: silver gel, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, silver-containing hydrofiber, antibiotics, sterilized vaseline, corticoid, and vitamin E ointment Conclusion: Sterile gauze with vaseline, prepared according to protocol, was the bandage presented in the study with the most significant level of evidence.
Proposal of a simplified criterion to estimate second order global effects in reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: CUNHA R. N. , MENDES L. A. , AMORIM D. L. N. F.
Published: June 2020

Abstract This work proposes a new simplified parameter for the calculation of second order global effects, based on the Galerkin’s Method by Weighted Residuals. The proposed criterion was analysed based on 21 planar frames associated with shear wall, reaching results that present satisfactory accuracy compared to the second order global analysis, even for cases where the γz coefficient is greater than 1.30.
Factors influencing ultrasonic pulse velocity in concrete
Authors: GODINHO J. P. , DE SOUZA JÚNIOR T. F. , MEDEIROS M. H. F. , SILVA M. S. A
Published: June 2020

Abstract The hydration process of Portland cement triggers reactions of stabilization of minerals from the contact of the clinker with water, which is the Hydrated Calcium Silicate (C-S-H), the Etringite (3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.32H2O) and the Portlandite (Ca(OH)2). In order to understand the effects of the evolution of hydration in cement, it is possible to apply non-destructive tests. In this context, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of the type of cement, the curing age, of the format and humidity of the test specimens of concrete in the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). In order to do that, 36 cylindrical test specimens (10 x 20 cm) and 9 cubic ones with 25 cm of edges, with mix proportion of 1:2,7:3,2 (cement/sand/gravel), water/cement ratio of 0.58 and three types of Portland cement (CP II-Z-32, CP IV-32 RS and CP V-ARI) were molded. With data obtained it was possible to correlate the increase of concrete strength along time (at ages of 7, 14, 28, 70 and 91 days) with the increase of the ultrasonic pulse velocity. Besides, it was possible to prove the direct influence of the concrete moisture and of the degree of hydration in the UPV. The shape of the test specimen generally had no influence on the results, except in the case of cement CP V ARI.
Concrete crack repair analysis with metakaolin-based geopolymer cement
Authors: FRASSON B. J. , PELISSER F. , SILVA B. V.
Published: June 2020

Abstract Among the advances in the use of geopolymer cements is their use as repair materials in concrete structures. The objective of this work was to use a geopolymer cement to repair cracks in concrete specimens, observing its mechanical performance and fracture modes. Cubic test specimens were produced and two types of cracks were evaluated as variables. Cracks were induced by steel sheets during concreting. The geopolymer cement paste and an epoxy adhesive, as reference, were used for the repairs. The results showed a 13% decrease in compressive strength for unrepaired concrete, and 3.7% in concrete repaired with geopolymer. The binder presented mechanical performance similar to that of the epoxy resin regarding crack recovery. In conclusion, repairs made with geopolymer cement are a viable and efficient means of crack recovery.
Numerical model of beam-to-column composite connection between slim floor system and composite column
Authors: KOCHEM R. F. F. , NARDIN S. de
Published: June 2020

Abstract The slim floor system has been used mainly due to the structural and constructive advantages of it, such as the capacity to overcome large spans with the low height of the composite floor system. There is a lack of finite element modelling researches of composite connections between the slim floor system and columns, especially with the concrete infilled steel tube columns. This paper presents the numerical approach based on the solid modelling, for the simulation of the nonlinear structural behavior of composite connection between partially encased composite beam and concrete infilled steel tube column; in this model, the composite beam represents the slim floor. The ABAQUS finite element code was used to investigate the behavior of composite connection that consists of a shear steel plate and negative reinforcement of the composite slab. In this paper, the authors discusses the procedures to the numerical model construction including finite elements and boundary conditions. Besides, the influence of stress-strain relationships for concrete and steel and the parameters that defines each model are presented and discussed, as well as the different steel to concrete interface conditions. Based on the results obtained, the effectiveness of the numerical model developed was verified against experimental results showing a good agreement response for the Moment vs. Rotation response, as well as the moment resistance of the composite connection.
Fire behavior of shallow prestressed hollow core slabs from computational modeling
Authors: ARAÚJO D. L. , PINTO G. D. C.
Published: June 2020

Abstract Prestressed hollow core slabs are one of the structural systems whose use has increased the most in recent years in Brazil due to its efficiency and versatility. They can be used in many types of structural systems, such as masonry, precast concrete, cast-in-place concrete and steel structures. However, there are few analytical models to evaluate the fire behavior of hollow core slabs. In a simplified way, the fire resistance is evaluated indirectly through the minimum distance of the surface in contact with fire to the reinforcement axis. In this paper, some numerical models in finite element software were developed to analyze the variation of temperature with ﬁre exposure time of shallow hollow core slabs, focusing on the presence of voids in the transversal section of the slab. The 500 °C isotherm method applied to 20 cm high slabs confirmed the Standard Fire Resistance obtained from the tabular method. However, when applied to shallow prestressed hollow core slabs that are 16 cm high, the 500 °C isotherm method indicated that the Standard Fire Resistance of these slabs is lower than values obtained from tabular methods.
Eflapegrastim, a Long-Acting Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia: Results of a Phase III Trial
Authors: Schwartzberg Lee S. , Bhat Gajanan , Peguero Julio , Agajanian Richy , Bharadwaj Jayaram S. , Restrepo Alvaro , Hlalah Osama , Mehmi Inderjit , Chawla Shanta , Hasal Steven J. , Yang Zane , Cobb Patrick Wayne
Published: June 2020

Background

Eflapegrastim, a novel, long-acting recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), consists of a rhG-CSF analog conjugated to a human IgG4 Fc fragment via a short polyethylene glycol linker. Preclinical and phase I and II pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data showed increased potency for neutrophil counts for eflapegrastim versus pegfilgrastim. This open-label phase III trial compared the efficacy and safety of eflapegrastim with pegfilgrastim for reducing the risk of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Materials and Methods

Patients with early-stage breast cancer were randomized 1:1 to fixed-dose eflapegrastim 13.2 mg (3.6 mg G-CSF) or standard pegfilgrastim (6 mg G-CSF) following standard docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for 4 cycles. The primary objective was to demonstrate the noninferiority of eflapegrastim compared with pegfilgrastim in mean duration of severe neutropenia (DSN; grade 4) in cycle 1.

Results

Eligible patients were randomized 1:1 to study arms (eflapegrastim, n = 196; pegfilgrastim, n = 210). The incidence of cycle 1 severe neutropenia was 16% (n = 31) for eflapegrastim versus 24% (n = 51) for pegfilgrastim, reducing the relative risk by 35% (p = .034). The difference in mean cycle 1 DSN (−0.148 day) met the primary endpoint of noninferiority (p < .0001) and also showed statistical superiority for eflapegrastim (p = .013). Noninferiority was maintained for the duration of treatment (all cycles, p < .0001), and secondary efficacy endpoints and safety results were also comparable for study arms.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate noninferiority and comparable safety for eflapegrastim at a lower G-CSF dose versus pegfilgrastim. The potential for increased potency of eflapegrastim to deliver improved clinical benefit warrants further clinical study in patients at higher risk for CIN.

Implications for Practice

Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) remains a significant clinical dilemma for oncology patients who are striving to complete their prescribed chemotherapy regimen. In a randomized, phase III trial comparing eflapegrastim to pegfilgrastim in the prevention of CIN, the efficacy of eflapegrastim was noninferior to pegfilgrastim and had comparable safety. Nevertheless, the risk of CIN remains a great concern for patients undergoing chemotherapy, as the condition frequently results in chemotherapy delays, dose reductions, and treatment discontinuations.
Physical Therapist’s Prescription Regarding Benefits of Active Life Style of Patients
Authors: PASHA Saher , RAJPUT Hira İslam , KHAN Muhammad Atif , KUMAR Sumeet , CHUGHTAİ Muhammad , SİDDİQ Rabia
Published: June 2020

Physical activity is advantageous for several diseases like heart problem, diabetes & cancer as well. The complete load of diseases depends upon the physical inactivity. The significance of physical life style is to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes as well as hypertension. The aim of the study was to determine the physical therapist’s prescription regarding benefits of active life style among patients. A cross sectional study with 150 sample size was conducted in different universities of Karachi. Valid questionnaire was used to collect data to examine the prescription of active lifestyle for patients. Data was analyzed through SPSS 20 version, frequency and percentage was calculated. The result of this study showed that majority physical therapist agreed with the prescription of short time exercises on most of the day is good for patient’s health. This study concluded that majority of physical therapist agreed for the implementation of benefits of active life style among patients. The recommendation of this study is that the governing body of physical therapy should be organized different programs like workshops and seminars regarding fitness training.
Asignación de biomasa y carbohidratos en semillas y plántulas de Phaseolus coccineus L. domesticado y silvestre
Authors: Vargas-Vázquez Ma. Luisa Patricia , Uscanga-Mortera Ebandro , Padilla-Chacón Daniel , Vibrans Heike , Kohashi-Shibata Josué , Miranda-Colín Salvador , Yáñez-Jiménez Petra
Published: June 2020

Antecedentes . La supervivencia de plantas depende de la germinación y la asignación de sustancias de reserva de la semilla a la plántula.

Preguntas y/o hipótesis: ¿La asignación de biomasa y concentración de sustancias de reserva en semillas y plántulas; enzimas y  número de amiloplastos en cotiledones de Phaseolus coccineus se ha modificado por la domesticación?

Sitio y fechas de estudio. Los experimentos se efectuaron en cuarto oscuro y laboratorio del Posgrado en Botánica, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados en 2017 y 2018.

Métodos. Se determinaron la biomasa por método convencional y concentración de almidón, glucosa, fructosa y sacarosa por hidrólisis enzimática en embrión y plántulas de ayocote silvestres y domesticados. En cotiledones de semillas en germinación se cuantificaron los amiloplastos y se detectaron enzimas por medio de un gel nativo discontinuo de acrilamida con amilopectina de papa en una cámara de electroforesis.

Resultados. Las semillas y plántulas silvestres tuvieron menos biomasa en embrión (91 %), raíz (93 %) y vástago (87 %); pero mayor concentración (µmol g-1) de almidón (53, 83 y 65 %, embrión, raíz y vástago, respectivamente), glucosa (74, 73 y 3 %), fructosa (94, 93 y 29 %) y sacarosa (84, 88 y 30 %) que las domesticadas. Se observaron endoamilasas, enzimas desramificadoras y ?-amilasas. Los domesticados tuvieron menos amiloplastos que los silvestres.

Conclusiones. El metabolismo de la biomasa, sustancias de reserva, las enzimas y el número de amiloplastos en los cotiledones y plántulas indicaron patrones diferentes en las vías metabólicas resultado de la domesticación.
Effects of swine manure application and row spacing on growth of pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus) during the establishment period and quality of silage produced in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Ojo V.O.A. , Adeshina F.T. , Adetokunbo G.A. , Jimoh S.O. , Adeyemi T.A. , Njie J.L. , Onifade O.S.
Published: June 2020

The effects of swine manure application and row spacing on dry matter yields of Cenchrus americanus (pearl millet) at 6 weeks after sowing and chemical composition, fermentative characteristics and in vitro gas production of silage produced from the forage were studied. The design was a 2 × 2 factorial with 2 row spacings (0.5 and1.0 m) and 2 levels of manure application [no manure (Control) and swine manure at 5 t/ha (22% DM; 0.34% N on DM basis)] replicated 3 times. Swine manure application had no effect (P>0.05) on dry matter yield but a row spacing of0.5 m produced higher (P<0.05) dry matter yields than 1.0 m spacing (mean 7.05 vs. 5.57 t DM/ha). Fresh forage from manured treatments had significantly higher crude protein concentration (114.9–124.2 g/kg DM) than from unfertilized plots (86.2–95.1 g/kg DM). After being ensiled for 42 days, CP% in the forage had declined by 16–18% but relative differences remained. Quality measurements indicated that silages from the various treatments were all of acceptable standard although CP% of silage from Control plots was barely high enough to provide a maintenance diet. This study suggests that, under the experimental conditions, planting of pearl millet at a spacing of0.5 m rather than 1.0 m would increase DM yields obtained in the first 6 weeks of growth, while application of swine manure would not affect yields but would increase CP% of forage produced. The laboratory study indicates that the forage produced could be ensiled successfully although there was significant loss of crude protein during the process. Since there were no significant increases in DM yields of forage, other benefits, e.g. increase in N concentration, improved soil organic matter, etc., would need to be considered in justifying the additional cost of drying and applying the manure.
In vitro digestion characteristics of various combinations of elephant grass hay, gliricidia hay or silage, soybean meal and corn meal in rations for sheep
Authors: Santana Juliana Caroline Santos , Morais Jucileia Aparecida da Silva , Difante Gelson Dos Santos , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Oliveira Vinicius Da Silva , Rodrigues Maria Juciara Silva Teles
Published: June 2020

This study examined fermentation rates and kinetics of sheep rations based on combinations of elephant grass hay, gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) hay or silage, soybean meal and corn meal using in vitro techniques. Three rations were prepared, namely: Control (elephant grass hay + soybean meal + corn meal); gliricidia hay (elephant grass hay + soybean meal + corn meal + gliricidia hay); and gliricidia silage (elephant grass hay + soybean meal + corn meal + gliricidia silage). A fixed ratio of roughage:concentrate of 55:45 was maintained for all rations, which were isocaloric and designed to support sheep gains of 200 g/day. The gliricidia replaced 57.6% of the soybean meal in the rations containing gliricidia and 81.8% of the elephant grass hay. Fermentation rates and kinetics, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and degradability of the rations were evaluated. Rations containing gliricidia as both hay and silage had higher (P<0.05) IVDMD than the Control ration (67.8 and 66.2 vs. 59.8%). The degradability of the ration containing gliricidia hay was higher (P<0.05) than that of the gliricidia silage ration (57.8 vs. 50.5%), whereas the Control showed an intermediate value (54.4%). The ration containing gliricidia hay and the Control produced more gas in the first 24 h than the ration containing gliricidia silage, and the gliricidia hay ration showed the shortest colonization time. Peak gas production occurred for the ration with gliricidia silage later than for the other rations. The study showed that substituting soybean meal with preserved gliricidia can result in higher digestibility of sheep rations. Feeding studies with animals are now warranted to verify these laboratory findings.
Pasto Certo® version 2.0 - An application about Brazilian tropical forage cultivars for mobile and desktop devices
Authors: Barrios Sanzio Carvalho Lima , Carromeu Camilo , Silva Márcio Aparecido Inácio da , Matsubara Edson Takashi , Valle Cacilda Borges do , Jank Liana , Santos Mateus Figueiredo , Assis Giselle Mariano Lessa de , Crivellaro Leonardo Lazarino , Gonçalves Thallyson Danchen Teixeira , Queiroz Júnior José Marcos , Candido Anderson Ramires , Machado Wyverson Kim Rocha , Gouveia Beatriz Tomé , Nobre Alana Aparecida Amarilha , Zanella Ayhan Liell
Published: June 2020

A brief outline of the second version of Pasto Certo®, released by Embrapa and partners in February 2019, is presented. It is an improved and updated version of Pasto Certo® 1.0, an application that describes Brazilian commercial tropical forage cultivars. The application helps the user to identify and differentiate cultivars, provides recommendations and information on use restrictions of each cultivar, and compares different cultivars in terms of a number of characteristics. In comparison with the first version (published in 2017), new features of Pasto Certo® 2.0 are: (1) 7 cultivars of forage legumes (genera Arachis, Cajanus and Stylosanthes) were added to the original 16 grass cultivars (Urochloa spp. and Megathyrsus maximus); (2) the user can choose between Portuguese, Spanish and English languages; (3) information on commercial seed sources in Brazil is included; (4) a guide to selecting the most suitable cultivar for specific conditions is provided; and (5) the application is available for different platforms (Android, iOS and WEB - www.pastocerto.com).
Ammonium sulfate enhances the effectiveness of reactive natural phosphate for fertilizing tropical grasses
Authors: Cabral Carlos E.A. , Cabral Carla H.A. , Santos Alyce R.M. , Carvalho Kassio S. , Bonfim-Silva Edna M. , Mattos Jenifer S. , Alves Letícia B. , Bays Ana P.
Published: June 2020

Reactive natural phosphate is a slow and gradual solubilizing fertilizer, which makes it difficult to use in neutral to alkaline soils. Nitrogen fertilizers which acidify the soil may increase the possibility of using this phosphate fertilizer commercially. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare responses of Xaraés palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) and Mombasa guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus syn. Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa), when different combinations of P and N fertilizers were applied during the establishment phase in non-acidic soils or with corrected acidity. The experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design with 3 fertilizer combinations (simple superphosphate plus urea, SSU; natural reactive phosphate plus urea, RPU; and natural reactive phosphate plus ammonium sulfate, RPAS). There was no difference in tiller density, leaf numbers, forage mass, leaf mass and stem mass for either forage on SSU and RPAS treatments but they exceeded those on RPU. Soil pH was lower in soil fertilized with ammonium sulfate than in soil fertilized with urea. Applying natural reactive phosphate plus ammonium sulfate seems as effective as simple superphosphate plus urea in promoting increased growth in tropical grasses on low-P soils. Longer-term and more extensive field studies are needed to determine if these results can be reproduced in the long term, and the level of soil acidification over time.
POSTMODERN ROMAN VE YENİ DÜNYA TASARIMI
Authors: AŞKAROĞLU Vedi
Published: June 2020

Romanla
ilgili genel bakış açısı, onun hayatın birçok yönünü kurgusal bir biçimde
yansıttığı yönündedir. Olay örgüsü olasılık sınırları içindeki insan eylem ve
davranışlarını yansıtırken, kişiler toplumun içinden kimi zaman sıradan kimi
zaman marjinal tipler ya da bir sınıfı, topluluğu temsil edebilecek kişiler
olarak kurgulanmıştır. Zaman ve mekan kullanımı gerçeklik ve inandırıcılık
açısından ön plana alınarak kişiler ve olay örgüsüyle koşut biçimde
sunulmuştur. Öte yandan, romanın değişen toplumsal, kültürel, siyasi, ekonomik
değer ve algılara bağlı olarak yeni bir biçime girdiğini ve toplumsal değişimin
bir parçası haline geldiğini de görmek gerekir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde,
günümüze damgasını vuran postmodern romanın iki boyutlu özelliklerle üretildiği
ortaya çıkar. Bunlardan ilki, geçmişin sanatsal kurgu mirasının tümünü
kullanması, diğeri ise tüm geçmiş geleneklerin yıkımını da sağlamaya yönelik
bir çaba içine girmesidir. Öncül edebi akımların teknik özelliklerinin yanı
sıra, içerik olarak da onların mirasından yararlanır. Sadece roman türünü
kullanmakla kalmaz, efsanelerden, masallara, şiirden, tiyatroya, meddahlıktan
gezi yazılarına kadar her türlü üretimin ortaya koyduğu düşünce, imge, anlatı,
dil, üslup gibi niteliklerini birer malzeme olarak harmanlar. Bu harmanlama,
günümüz dünyasının kültürel ve siyasi yapısının belirlediği tüketime dayanan,
rekabetçi, küreselleşen, giderek homojenleşen yapısına eşlik edecek biçimde
yapılır. Romanın işlediği malzeme sınırsızdır ve onu işleme biçimi de herhangi
bir kurala, ilkeye, akıma göre kısıtlanmamıştır.

Bu makalede,
postmodern roman zaman, mekan, kişiler, olay örgüsü gibi kavramlar etrafında
dil, üslup, gerçeklik, yazar ve okur bağlamında öncül roman biçimleri ile
karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmektedir.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pemahaman Bermain Bolavoli melalui Model Role Playing
Authors: Noerfalah Dini , Lubay Lukmannul Haqim , Budiman Didin
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this  research is to investigate how role playing method can improve student understanding in volleyball games activities. This research use class action research. The research used  in two cycle, every cycle have research action that done twice. The subject of this research is 30 students of level 5 class from one elementary school in Bandung. (12 boys, 18 girls). Role playing models combine with  GPAI instrument. Data is analyzed using percentage technic and  associated with games performance. This research showed that role playing models can improve student understanding in volleyball games. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model role playing dapat  meningkatkan  pemahaman bermain siswa  dalam  bermain bolavoli.  Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  penelitian   tindakan   kelas.  Penelitian  dilakukan  dalam  dua  siklus,  setiap  siklus  dilaksanakan   sebanyak   dua kali tindakan penelitian. Subjek  penelitian  adalah  kelas  V  disalah  satu   sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung sebanyak 30 siswa (laki-laki: 12; perempuan:  18).  Model role playing dikombinasikan dengan instrument Game Performance Analisis Instrumen. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik persentase dan dikaitkan dengan keterampilan bermain. Hasil penelitian menunjukan model pembelajaran role playing dapat meningkatkan pemahaman bermain bolavoli.
Penerapan Pendekatan Taktis untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bermain dan Physical Activity Enjoyment pada Pembelajaran Permainan Bola Tangan
Authors: Fransiska Serla , Slamet Suherman , Budiana Dian
Published: June 2020

Learning Conditions Physical education in elementary schools which are still oriented towards mastering technical skills, makes students limited to explore, so that students' interest in Physical Education learning decreases. The purpose of this study is to improve playing skills and physical activity enjoyment (PAE) through tactical approaches in learning handball games. The method used is classroom action research (CAR), using the GPAI (Games Performance Assessment Instrument) instrument and the Enjoyment scale (questionnaire). This research was conducted at a school in the city of Bandung. The results of this study can be concluded that through the tactical approach, playing skills and physical activity enjoyment in learning handball games can be improved. AbstrakKondisi Pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani di sekolah dasar yang masih berorientasi pada penguasaan keterampilan teknis, membuat siswa terbatasi untuk  bereksplorasi, sehingga minat siswa dalam pembelajaran Penjas menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan keterampilan bermain dan physical activity enjoyment (PAE) melalui pendekatan taktis dalam pembelajaran permainan bola tangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dengan menggunakan instrumen GPAI (Games Performance Assesment Instrument) dan skala Enjoyment (kuisioner).  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di salah satu sekolah di Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui pendekatan taktis, keterampilan bermain dan physical activity enjoyment pada pembelajaran permainan bola tangan dapat meningkat.
Model Pendidikan Gerak untuk Meningkatkan Physical-Self-Concept pada Pendidikan Jasmani di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Astuty Safithry 'Indy , Slamet Suherman , Wibowo Ricky
Published: June 2020

This study is motivated by the lack of students' understanding of the concept of physical self (Physical Self-Concept) in physical education which is still low, and many students who do not look at physical performance, physical appearance, and weight control in physical activities and educators must apply to a movement education model so that students can understand the Physical Self-Concept on students' physical abilities. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect through the application of the movement education model to improve the Phyical Self-Concept in physical education in elementary schools. The research method uses Classroom Action Research with 2 cycles, in one cycle consisting of 2 actions. In the study conducted at SDN 032 Tilil in Bandung City, with a sample of class III A students totaling 29 students (13 male students, 16 female students). The instrument used is the CPSS (Children's Physical Self Scale) on students according to their abilities and learning outcomes in the movement education model. Based on the results of study data, that students can carry out the learning process through physical self-concept in physical education in elementary schools with the application of the movement education model can be increased.AbstrakStudi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya pemahaman siswa akan konsep diri terhadap fisik (Physical Self-Concept) pada pendidikan jasmani yang masih rendah, dan banyak siswa yang tidak melihat akan performa jasmani, penampilan jasmani, dan kontrol berat badan pada aktivitas jasmani dan pendidik harus menerapkan pada model pendidikan gerak agar siswa dapat memahami tentang Physical Self-Concept pada kemampuan jasmani siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu mengetahui pengaruh melalui penerapan model pendidikan gerak untuk meningkatkan Phyical Self-Concept pada pendidikan jasmani di Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan 2 siklus, dalam satu siklus terdiri dari 2 tindakan. Pada penelitian dilakukan di SDN 032 Tilil Kota Bandung, dengan sampel peserta didik kelas III A yang berjumlah 29 siswa (13 siswa laki-laki, 16 siswa perempuan). Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu CPSS (Children’s Physical Self Scale) pada siswa sesuai dengan kemampuan yang mereka miliki dan hasil belajar pada model pendidikan gerak. Berdasarkan hasil data studi, bahwa siswa dapat melaksanakan proses pembelajaran melalui physical self-concept pada pendidikan jasmani di sekolah dasar dengan penerapan model pendidikan gerak dapat meningkat.
Penerapan Daily Physical Activity di Sekolah Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines
Authors: Utami Nissa Aulia Belistiana , Situmorang Andi Suntoda , Slamet Suherman
Published: June 2020

The education system in the Philippines has changed because it refers to the United Nations program, the Sustainable Development Goals. One of the changes is that each student is required to attend the Daily Physical Activity program before starting learning. This research is conducted at Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines. The purpose of this study is to determine what impacts occur after the implementation of the Daily Physical Activity which is carried out every morning in the long run. Daily Physical Activity is done by dancing 10 to 15 minutes. This type of research is an ex-post-facto study in which the researcher examines a program that is happening in the Philippines. Researchers take samples of one class, named class 6 SSES, amounting to 27 students. Based on the results of this study, there are positive impacts in the form of children being more enthusiastic in doing daily tasks and negative in the form of students feeling bored with less varied songs and movements.AbstrakSistem Pendidikan di Filipina berubah karena merujuk program PBB yaitu Sustainable Development Goals. Salah satu perubahannya yaitu setiap siswa wajib mengikuti program Daily Physical Activity sebelum memulai pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang dilakukan di Malacampa Elementary School-Main, Tarlac City, Philippines. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dampak apa saja yang terjadi setelah diterapkannya Daily Physical Activity yang dilakukan setiap pagi hari dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Daily Physical Activity yang dilakukan adalah menari 10 sampai 15 menit. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto di mana peneliti meneliti program yang sedang terjadi di Filipina. Peneliti mengambil sampel satu kelas, yaitu kelas 6 SSES yang berjumlah 27 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini yaitu adanya dampak positif berupa anak lebih antusias dalam melakukan tugas gerak di kesehariannya dan negatif berupa siswa merasa bosan dengan lagu dan gerakan yang kurang bervariatif.
Migration and Migrants: “When Words Smuggle Ideas”
Authors: Tashlykova Marina B.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the semantic field of migration and the corresponding circle of lexical notation. The main objective of the article is to discover those ideas about migration and migrants that are embodied in the lexical meanings of words, which are the main means of nominating these concepts and / or profiling their individual faces. To solve this problem, the author carried out the analysis of vocabulary denoting concepts related to the phenomenon of migration and made an attempt to comprehend the evolution of these concepts, to identify the dominant images and reactions caused by them. The analysis is carried out based on the material (1) of the dictionaries of the Russian language; (2) texts extracted from The Russian National Corpus and various Internet resources; (3) texts examined during the production of linguistic examinations in connection with the need to identify the presence or absence of signs of extremism. The article shows that in the ways of understanding migration, socio-political and extremist discourses reveal significant similarities at the deepest level, differing only in the degree of explicitness and the choice of lexical designations (more or less politically correct in the first case and “brutal” in the second case)
“Returning Home as an Enemy”. The Languages for Description and Self-Description of Inner Asia Repatriates
Authors: Peshkov Ivan O.
Published: June 2020

The article explores the doubts and anxieties associated with the return of two communities of Russian long-term residents of Inner Asia – the Cossack repatriates of the Three Rivers Region and the local Mongolian Russians – to the Soviet citizenship. The theoretical basis of the article is the statement about the epistemological character of the presence of the past, which determines a crucial influence of the current terms on any historical knowledge. In this perspective, the memory of the past can be considered not only as its subjective reflection, but also as a social practice that identifies the community’s status. The purpose of this article is to show how the Soviet people used speech practices in relation to the temporary and spatial discrepancy of repatriates. The main characters of this article will be the ways of creating an image of the enemy linguistically and mastering it by target groups in everyday life. In this perspective, the decision to repatriate, which causes distrust and alarm, is a convenient marker for the inclusion of local political folklore in the conflict between ethnic and political solidarity in Soviet society
Historiographical Overview of the Research on the Transformation of the Russian People’s Values
Authors: Khrebtov Mikhail Ia. , Fil’ko Antonina I.
Published: June 2020

The article gives a historiographical overview of the research on transformation of the Russian people’s values. It deals with the concept of “socio-cultural transformation” as the basis for the process of transformation of values in the society. The article also considers the concept of “value” presented in classical works in order to thoroughly cover the historiography of the issue of transformations of values. The issue of axiological transformation was regarded by the scholars at the intersection of or from the point of view of such fields of scientific knowledge as philosophy, history, economics, political science, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, etc. The overview focuses not on the works that analyze the values themselves, but on the research that is based on the issues and phenomena that reflect the moment, premise or cause of a social value transition, movement, revaluation, paradigm shift, formation, etc. The research overview also gives a complete picture of research on the transformation of the Russian people’s values and shows some dynamics in the development of values in modern Russian society
Oral Supplementation of Bauhinia variegata affects the Behavior of Albino Mice in a Gender Specific Manner
Authors: Ullah Asmat , Iqbal Shahid , Iqbal Furhan
Published: June 2020

Present study was designed to investigate the effects of 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract on selective aspects of albino mice behavior in a gender specific manner. Seven week old female and male albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were orally supplemented either with 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract or with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) for 17 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a series of neurological tests (Rota rod, Elevated plus maze, Light and dark box, Open field, Novel object and Morris water maze test). It was observed that Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract supplementation improved neuromuscular co-ordination in female albino mice during rota rod test (P = 0.002), had more rotations (P = 0.02) and clockwise rotations (P = 0.01) during plus maze test and had more stretch attend reflex (P = 0.005) than control group. During the second trial of novel object test, Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract treated male albino mice approached old object A (P = 0.04) and spend more time with object A (P = 0.05) as compared to control group. Open filed, light dark test and probe trial of Morris water maze test performances remain unaffected in both genders (P > 0.05) when compared between 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg body weight of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract treated and untreated albino mice of both genders. We concluded that applied dose of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract has the potential to improve neuromuscular co-ordination in female albino and should be explored further as potential treatment for neuromuscular problems.
Detection of Mutations in 81-bpRifampin Resistance Determining Region (RRDR) of rpoB gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using GeneXpert MTB/RIF in Clinical Specimens from Quetta, Pakistan
Authors: Mengal Muhammad Zahid , Ali Hamida , Asmat Raheela , Naeem Muhammad , Abbas Ferhat , Samad Abdul , Mustafa Mohammad Zahid , Raza Jannat , Asmat Tauseef M.
Published: June 2020

GeneXpert MTB/RIF has revolutionized the tuberculosis diagnosis by simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to RIF (rifampicin), a surrogate marker for multidrug-resistant TB in less than two hours. The RIF-resistance pattern in Balochistan, Pakistan, is not documented. This study was aimed to detect RIF-resistant TB and mutations in RNA polymerase beta (rpoB) gene of M. tuberculosis within 81-bp RRDR in Quetta, Pakistan using GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay. In total, 2300 clinical specimens were collected from suspected TB patients at Fatima Jinnah General and Chest Hospital Quetta, Pakistan between January and August 2017. These specimens were analyzed by GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Out of 2300 clinical specimens, M. tuberculosis was positive in in 899 (39.1%) cases by GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay [positive respiratory cases 42.9% (871/2032) and non-respiratory 10.4% (28/268) with statistically significant difference (χ2= 104.5, p<0.001)]. Among 899 MTB positive cases, 46 (5.1%) were RIF-resistance caused by various rpoB gene mutations within 81-bp RRDR. Most of the RIF-resistant isolates were observed to harbor mutationsin Probe E 78.3% (n=36) whereas mutations in Probe A, B, D were observed 2.2% (n=1), 4.3% (n=2), and 6.5% (n=3), respectively. However, none of cases had RIF-resistance associated with Probe C. Out of 46 RRD cases, 21 (45.7 %) were males and 25 (54.3 %) were females. Additionally, Xpert® test showed higher detection rate than fluorescent microscopy (39.1% vs 31.2%, P<0.05) and detected MTB in 186 (11.8%) smear-negative specimens. Among 42 confirmed TB patients had MDR contact and eight patients were co-infected with HIV. In conclusion, 5.1% of the TB patients showed rifampicin resistance. The most frequent rpoB genetic mutations were observed in codons 531/533 (Probe E, 78.3%) whereas the least within the sequence 511 (Probe A, 2.2%).