bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examination of The Core as A Rigidity Center in High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Mamati Neslişah , Kuruşcu Ali Osman , Parsa Ali Rıza
Published: June 2022

The visibility and number of high-rise buildings, which have a direct impact on shaping the texture and identity of the city in which they are located, are increasing day by day. While developing technology, new construction techniques and high-strength building materials make it possible to increase the height of the building, each increase in height occurs difficulties and requires more engineering problems to be solved. When the distribution of loads acting on high-rise buildings and their effects on the structure are examined, it is seen that the core is designed as a center of rigidity in the structure to provide inertia against horizontal loads.

In order to make the core design of the building effective and efficient, it will be a proper and correct approach to understand the center of rigidity function of the core to design and implement it from this point of view.

This study aims to examine the core, which plays a primary role in providing inertia against horizontal loads acting on high-rise buildings, as a center of rigidity.

First of all, the loads that are effective in the design were explained. It has been stated that the horizontal loads acting on the structure cause bending, shear and torsion. The interaction of wind load, which is a more critical load especially in high-rise buildings, with the building is emphasized. In order to facilitate the understanding of the core as the center of rigidity in high-rise buildings, its place in the structural system hierarchy was defined.

It has been seen that core designing is a necessity in order to provide inertia against horizontal loads in high-rise buildings that becomes independent from its surroundings as the height and the loads acting on the structure increase. It has been seen that besides the core is designed as a service core within the building, the building shell is designed as a core also.
Comparison of Traditional and Modern Housing Designs Under The Influence of Global Climate Change (Talas Example)
Authors: Çetin Murat Lütfiye , Bekişoğlu Havva Ülgen
Published: June 2022

All over the world, climates are changing due to various reasons, and there is an increase in natural disasters. Increasing disasters bring economic, social and environmental losses along with loss of life. It is important to study the disaster architecture and develop recommendations due to climate change in countries such as Turkey, where the construction sector is constantly dynamic and developing. The aim of study is to evaluate traditional and modern housing properties in terms of climate resistance and to make housing design proposals to prevent the damage caused by disasters to structures. The scope of the study consists of the Talas district, Kayseri, which has become the center of Central Anatolia. The high rate of housing production, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters in recent years, and the greater damage to newly designed houses from disasters have been effective in determining the study sample area. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of disaster resilience, stability, concept and building elements in architecture.
Sustainable Communities, Neighborhoods, Cities And Their Criteria
Authors: Çınar Umdu Duygu , Alakvuk Ebru
Published: June 2022

We have 8 years to 2030, when the promises and targets of sustainable development and smart growth are expected to be achieved at the global level, the agenda items about sustainability remain urgent. Sustainable development and smart growth are more important than ever. The managers of the Sustainable and Smart concepts are local governments that own urban units and can make more critical decisions due to scale permits, rather than the changing policies of states. Considering the point reached, it can be observed that the concepts of the sustainable neighborhood, community and city are based on different foundations in the light of assessment tools and models, although the urban terminology that develops with the concept of sustainability is often used to support each other. It can even be said that its sustainable indicators are close to smart city criteria rather than sustainability criteria. In this study, sustainable neighborhood, community and city criteria, the mentioned urban units were determined, defined, and interpreted through 18 assessment tools, guidelines, standards, and models in total.
Sale Prediction in Textile Industry with Hybrid Deep Learning Using Time Series Images
Authors: Balcı Mehmet Ali , Akgüller Ömer , Yavuzkasap Ayakta Duygu , İldeniz Aysu
Published: June 2022

In 2021, exports of 12.9 billion dollars in the field of textiles in Turkey's exports have an important place in all export income. In the reports published on the textile industry, this figure is expected to increase even more in the coming years. As in other sectors, accurate estimation of sales revenues in the textile sector is very important for the future plans of companies. In this study, a deep learning model has been developed for demand and sales forecasting in the textile industry. In the method used, income will be converted to image data with Gramm Angular Fields of time series. Convolutional neural networks were used to classify these images.
On the Vision-Beam Aided Tracking for Wireless 5G-Beyond Networks Using Long Short-Term Memory with Soft Attention Mechanism
Authors: Sinani Nasir , Yilmaz Ferkan
Published: June 2022

The growth of 5G technology and the continuous success of deep learning for various computer vision tasks in healthcare, self-driving cars, visual recognition, and many other areas, brought new challenges in the field of wireless communication. Moreover, 5G-Beyond networks primarily rely on how to maintain line-of-sight (LOS) links between base stations and mobile users. As such, one of the main challenges in 5G-Beyond networks is how to proactively maintain the hand-over mechanism for mobile users before blockages prevent mobile users from communicating, so as to avoid the latency of searching the best beamforming for the best performance. Accordingly, vision-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam and blockage prediction has opened the door for new research for proactive hand-off and resource allocation. The purpose of this paper is to study wireless beam tracking on mmWave bands using deep learning approach evaluated on the Vision-Wireless ViWi-BT dataset [1]. We present how to predict future beam sequences from previously observed beam sequences and images using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network as a base predictive method. As such, we utilize the soft attention mechanism to intelligently choose the most important features and thus we suggest replacing the softmax attention function with different periodic attention functions to eliminate the gradient vanishing problem.
USO DE ÁCIDO ACETILSALICILICO COMO PROFILAXIA PRIMÁRIA EM GESTANTES COM ALTO RISCO DE PRÉ-ECLAMPSIA
Authors: Alencar da Silveira Maria Cândida , de Sousa Milena Nunes Alves , De Farias Tiago Bruno Carneiro
Published: June 2022

A pré-eclâmpsia compreende em um distúrbio multissistêmico, que equivale a uma síndromehipertensiva gestacional com altos índices de morbimortalidade para mãe e para o feto, tendo uma prevalência significativa para saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Em conformidade a propedêutica e a forma de minimizar os efeitos da patologia, o uso do ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) foi implantado para profilaxia primária. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a redução de riscos em gestantes portadoras de pré-eclampsia a partir do uso profilático de aspirina/ácido acetilsalicílico. Trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática de Intervenção fundamentada na utilização de Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados. Realizou-se uma busca bibliográfica nas bases de dados eletrônica em Saúde Medical, Publisher e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde “aspirina” e “pré-eclâmpsia” que foram associadas ao operador booleano “AND. As buscas resultaram 12 foram utilizados para composição do estudo. Ficou evidente que o uso de baixas doses do Acido Acetilsalicílico (AAS) em gestantes com risco de pré-eclâmpsia traz benefício cardiovascular para a mãe e para o feto ao longo da vida, tendo em vista a sua atuação como profilático e preventivo para a patologia e os seus agravantes. Logo, o estudo conclui que o uso de aspirina em gestantes com doses entre 80-150 mg reduz riscos de pré-eclâmpsia, quando iniciado antes de 16 semanas de gestação, tendo grande eficácia na redução do risco de morte perinatal, restrição de crescimento intrauterino e nascimento pré-termo.
Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) and Hoteliers’ Relationships: Do Social and Cognitive Relationships Matter?
Authors: Wisker Zazli Lily
Published: June 2022

This study aims to discover if social relationship as measured by shared value, duration and non-economic satisfaction and cognitive relationship as measured by task performance and economic satisfaction affect OTAs-hoteliers’ relationship, which is measured through trust and commitment. Data was collected from hotels’ operation managers, senior managers, financial executives, business owners, and partners through online surveys. A total of 208 usable questionnaires were returned from 577, resulting in a response rate of 36.04 per cent. The hypotheses were tested using SEM and mediation effects were tested and translated using Hair et al. (2014) nested structural model concept.  The results indicate partial mediation for cognitive domain - relationship commitment and full mediation for social domain - relationship commitment affects. Trust forms as the mediating variable.
New Approach for Preparation of Bi2O3-Carbon Nanotube Composites Using Celestine Blue Dispersant with High Mass Loading
Authors: Ata Mustafa Sami
Published: June 2022

This paper focused on to prepare Bi2O3-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites electrodes for supercapacitor applications with high mass loading. Nature inspired dispersing agent Celestine blue (CB), different adsorption mechanism in different materials, dispersed MWCNT and Bi2O3 and allowed to prepare homogenous electrode with high mass loading on a porous NiFoam current collector. The areal capacitance of 555 mF cm-2 was obtained from the composite electrode with 25 mg cm-2 active mass loading in 1M Na2SO4 electrolyte. Bi2O3/MWCNT/CB composited electrode testing results showed promising results for supercapacitor applications.
Modelos de investigación
Authors: Tapia Ermel , Tapia Yéssica
Published: June 2022

El presente texto producto de la sistematización de los compiladores Ermel Viacheslav Tapia Sosa y Yéssica Alexandra Tapia Ortiz recoge de manera sintética la teoría de los modelos de investigación y sus herramientas metodológicas que sirven al estudiante y docente para lograr tener una panorámica epistemológica con la cual encarar la tarea de la construcción del conocimiento científico. A su vez es un material muy útil para quien incursiona en el proceso de formación docente, puesto que consolida sus capacidades indagativas, interpretativas, creativas e innovadoras. Con habilidad sistematizadora del basto mundo de la ciencia que se publica en las redes sobre investigación los investigadores han precisado la información que se requiere para fundamentar el campo del objeto que se construye a partir de configurar un modelo teórico sustentado en conceptos, categorías y dimensiones los que al interactuar sobre relaciones en la práctica, impulsan la instrumentación de la acción transformadora sobre el campo contextualizado y situado de la praxis. Los modelos son instrumentos o esquemas conceptuales teóricos que el sujeto que aprende articula en función de la teoría y sus fundamentos epistemológicos los que se articulan de manera sistemática para gestar desde el entramado de relaciones el conocimiento que no es otra cosa que la experiencia que resulta del proceso activo de la investigación. Los términos teoría, modelo y modelos de investigación son de uso frecuente en la actividad de la vida profesional, académica y científica, a su vez sustentan la sociedad del conocimiento, siendo indispensable para: describir, comprender, explicar y predecir los acontecimientos, hechos y fenómenos de la vida real.
Reflexión sobre la calidad y la autonomía en las universidades, desafíos para el desarrollo armonioso
Authors:   Instituto Nacional de Educación Superior, Paraguay, Alviso Verónica , Díaz Avelina ,   Instituto Nacional de Educación Superior, Paraguay
Published: June 2022

El trabajo realizo una reflexión sobre la autonomía y la calidad educativa, para lograr una mejor comprensión acerca de la forma en que el desarrollo de la autonomía institucional se relaciona con el desafío de promover una cultura de la calidad. El creciente interés en una cultura de calidad ha creado una especie de "vacío de gobernanza", en el sentido de que el enfoque del autogobierno está en la rendición de cuentas y la rendición de cuentas en lugar de la maniobrabilidad que las universidades necesitan para estimular el crecimiento de una cultura genuina de calidad en sus instituciones. El método utilizado es de abordaje cualitativo, mediante un análisis bibliográfico. La conclusión es que tanto la autonomía como la calidad deben desarrollarse juntas, en armonía de modo que favorezcan nueva propuesta en el logro de la enseñanza aprendizaje.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO DIREITO DE PROPRIEDADE NA PÓS-MODERNIDADE: DIAGNÓSTICO E PROGNÓSTICO À LUZ DA ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO DIREITO
Authors: Saraiva Bruno De Sousa
Published: June 2022

A pós-modernidade desafia o jurista, em virtude de sua notória instabilidade que avassaladoramente transforma as relações sociais. Diante desse contexto, o presente artigo procura analisar os efeitos da pós-modernidade sobre o direito de propriedade, notadamente sua relação com a economia do compartilhamento, descrevendo o estado atual de coisas (diagnóstico) e traçando suas perspectivas (prognóstico). Para tanto, utiliza-se o método da análise econômica do direito. Ao final, conclui-se que, atualmente, ocorre um processo de emulação (imitação) do direito de propriedade, pois os indivíduos pagam não para serem donos do bem, mas sim pela experiência de acessá-los temporariamente (diagnóstico), e que a tendência disso é perdurar, por ser racionalmente mais vantajoso (prognóstico), de forma a popularizar construções jurídicas tradicionais, como o contrato de locação, e pós-modernas, como os fundos de investimentos imobiliários e a multipropriedade.
Nachhaltigkeit kultivieren. Öffentliche Kommunikation über Umwelt, Klima, nachhaltige Entwicklung und Transformation
Authors: Weder Franzisca
Published: June 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert disziplinäre Wurzeln, interdisziplinäre Zugänge und Forschungseinsichten zu Klima-, Wissenschafts- und Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation. Auf dieser Basis geht es um Abgrenzungsmöglichkeiten der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation -insbesondere von Umwelt- und Klimakommunikation. Daran schließt sich ein Theoretisierungsversuch der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation an, der gleichzeitig auf die Notwendigkeit verweist, Nachhaltigkeit als Bezugspunkt für ethische Überlegungen, als neuen (Universal)Wert für die Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaften selber zu begreifen. Dies ist in Forschung, Lehre und Methodenentwicklung aber auch universitärer Mikropolitik, Transferleistungen und Engagement zunehmend anzuerkennen.
Plädoyer für eine bescheidene Weltverbesserung. Transformativer Journalismus und transformative Kommunikationswissenschaft
Authors: Brüggemann Michael
Published: June 2022

Die globalen ökologischen Krisen stellen Journalismus und Kommunikationswissenschaft vor die Frage: Wie tragen wir zur ökologischen Transformation unserer Gesellschaft bei? Beide Berufsstände verstecken sich hinter dem Dogma distanzierter und neutraler Weltbeobachtung und vermeiden so die Frage nach ihrem gesellschaftlich-ökologischen Fußabdruck: Der besteht nicht nur in Flugreisen und Materialverbrauch, sondern auch in der Entscheidung für bestimmte Forschungsfragen, für oder gegen eine Einmischung in die Debatten über die ökologische Transformation unserer Gesellschaft. Transformative Kommunikationswissenschaft könnte diesen Debatten Reflexivität zurückspielen, kritisch, lösungsorientiert und stets bereit, die eigenen Bias mitzudenken und eigene Fehler zu korrigieren.
Physical Activity Behavior During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Role of Social Support and Other Covariates
Authors: Peimani Maryam , Bandarian Fatemeh , Namazi Nazli , Larijani Bagher , Nasli-Esfahani Ensieh
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate whether social support and other psychological predictors were associated with physical activity during the prolonged social isolation due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 494 individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a diabetes specialty clinic. The questionnaire package comprised five parts, including sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, physical activity level, diabetes-specific social support, feelings of isolation, and diabetes-related distress. Clinical and hemoglobin A1c data were obtained from electronic medical records. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to analyze the data. Results: Approximately 71% of the participants participated in low/insufficient levels of physical activity. The participants who received support from family/friends (odds ratio [OR] = 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47 - 2.74), diabetes care team (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.15 - 1.77), and neighbors (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.20 - 2.08) were more likely to have sufficient physical activity than those who did not receive these supports. There was also an association between physical activity behavior with feelings of isolation and diabetes distress. Conclusions: This study points to the importance of social support as an amplifier mechanism for the maintenance of physical activity behavior in individuals with T2D during critical times.
Novel Missense Variation in NDUFA9 Gene in an Iranian Patient with Fatal Leigh Syndrome
Authors: Gholamipour Shirazi Pourandokht , Heidari Abolfazl , Farshadmoghadam Hossein
Published: June 2022

: Mitochondrial diseases are caused by disturbances in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Leigh syndrome encompasses a spectrum of mitochondrial diseases characterized by necrotizing encephalopathy. Thus far, two cases carrying a variant in NDUFA9 with a diagnosis of Leigh syndrome have been reported. NDUFA9 is a subunit involved in the assembly and stability of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I. We present a lethal phenotype of Leigh syndrome in a four-month-old boy born to a consanguineous (first cousins) Iranian couple. The patient’s clinical course was notable for episodes of cyanosis, seizures, lactic acidosis, nystagmus, spastic paraplegia, apnea, and respiratory arrest. Due to high branched-chain amino acids, an initial diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease was considered; however, the patient did not respond to treatment. Via exome sequencing, we identified a novel homozygous missense variation in NDUFA9 (c.1069C>G, p.Arg357Gly), and a posthumous diagnosis of Leigh syndrome was made. This report highlights the potential differential diagnosis of Leigh syndrome and further describes the phenotypic spectrum of NDUFA9 defects.
Two new species of Indonemoura (Plecoptera, Nemouridae) from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Bai Xue , Shen Dan , Qian Yu-Han
Published: June 2022

Two new species of the family Nemouridae of the genus Indonemoura Baumann, 1975, Indonemoura yingjiangensis Bai & Qian sp. nov. and Indonemoura longihamata Bai & Qian sp. nov. are described from Yunnan Province, southwest of China. The morphological characteristics of the two new species are compared to related taxa.
Expression and Prognostic Value of B7 Family Immune Checkpoints in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Mo Shengwei , Zong Liju , Chen Xianlong , Ban Xinchao , Li Mei , Lu Zhaohui , Yu Shuangni , Chen Jie
Published: June 2022

Context.—

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are rare malignancies with heterogeneous clinical courses requiring novel prognosticators and therapies. B7 family molecules have an important role in various cancers; however, these have not been distinguished in PanNETs.

Objective.—

To investigate the expression and clinical significance of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), programmed death ligand-2 (PD-L2), B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3), B7 homolog 4 (B7-H4), and V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) in 182 PanNETs (with a high proportion of functioning versus nonfunctioning PanNETs: 51% versus 49%).

Design.—

Molecules were immunostained by using tissue microarrays from 182 patients with grade 1/2 PanNETs. VISTA-positive microvessel density (VISTA+ MVD) was evaluated in 4 high-power fields (HPFs) (×200) and mean count was calculated; immune cells with 1% or greater VISTA staining were considered positive. PD-L1 tumoral expression was considered positive in samples with 5% or more membranous staining. Tumoral VISTA, stromal PD-L1, PD-L2, B7-H3, and B7-H4 expression were deemed positive if any staining was observed.

Results.—

VISTA+ MVD was high (≥10.8/HPF) in 45 patients (25%), while VISTA stained positively on immune and tumor cells in 121 (66%) and 0 patients, respectively. Positive PD-L1 tumoral and stromal expression was observed in 23 (13%) and 0 patients, with positive B7-H3 expression in 76 (42%) and 98 (54%) patients, respectively, in these cells; PD-L2 and B7-H4 were not detected. PD-L1 positivity rate was high in functioning PanNETs. Stromal B7-H3 and high VISTA+ MVD correlated with unfavorable clinicopathologic features. Moreover, high VISTA+ MVD was an independent predictor of shorter progression-free survival.

Conclusions.—

VISTA may serve as a prognosticator and immunotherapeutic target for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET).
The World Health Organization Classification of Tumors and External Quality Assurance for Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology
Authors: Cree Ian A. , Lokuhetty Dilani , Tan Puay Hoon
Published: June 2022

Context.—

This article is based on a talk given by the lead author at the Eigth Annual Princeton Integrated Pathology Symposium: Breast Pathology, on Sunday, April 11, 2021.

Objective.—

To show how the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours links to the requirements for quality assurance in breast pathology, including both immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology.

Data Sources.—

The WHO Classification of Tumours 5th edition Breast Tumours entries formed the basis of the talk, together with guidance published by the International Quality Network for Pathology.

Conclusions.—

The WHO Classification of Tumours provides a definitive set of international standards for tumor diagnosis contributed by experts, based on available clinical and research evidence. Techniques used in pathology need internal and external quality assurance to ensure accurate reports for patient management.
Editor’s Note
Authors: Djikstra Jitse
Published: June 2022

On 19–22 June 2019, the 12th Annual Coptic Studies Symposium of the Canadian Society for Coptic Studies was held in combination with the 19.me Journ.e d’.tudes of the Association Francophone de Coptologie. It constituted a unique event, as it was the first time that the Journ.e d’.tudes took place on Canadian soil and in combination with the Coptic Studies Symposium, thus bringing together a group of Coptic Studies scholars from both North America and Europe to exchange intellectually on aspects of Christian Egypt. It was the second time (after the 4th Symposium, in 2011) that the Annual Coptic Studies Symposium was organized in Canada’s capital, this time on the campuses of the three universities of Ottawa.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/jcscs.2020.54192865
Keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung bunga mangrove di Gonda Mangrove Park Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Hasan Phika Ainnadya , Nurmiati Nurmiati
Published: June 2022

Gonda Mangrove Park merupakan kawasan mangrove yang dibuka menjadi kawasan wisata sejak tahun 2014. Perubahan fungsi ini diduga akan mempengaruhi komponen ekosistem mangrove dalam jangka panjang. Serangga sebagai salah satu komponen ekosistem mangrove dapat menjadi bioindikator perubahan fungsi lahan. Belum adanya data awal keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung di kawasan ini dapat menjadi faktor pembatas dalam pengelolaan dan pengawasan Gonda Mangrove Park sebagai kawasan wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung bunga mangrove di ekowisata Gonda Mangrove Park. Metode pengamatan keanekaragaman serangga pengunjung bunga menggunakan scan sampling pada tiga stasiun pengamatan. Parameter lingkungan diukur selama pengamatan meliputi suhu dan kelembaban udara, intensitas cahaya, dan kebisingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat lima jenis serangga pengunjung bunga, yaitu Tetragonula sp. (n = 148), Odynerus sp. (n = 121), Dolichoderus sp. (n = 53), Leptocorisa sp. (n = 28), dan Xylocopa confusa Pérez (n = 2). Gonda Mangrove Park memiliki indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H') 1,25, indeks kemerataan Shannon (E) 0,77, dan indeks dominansi Simpson (C) 0,32. Kebisingan yang berasal dari wisatawan memberikan korelasi negatif terhadap kelimpahan serangga pengunjung bunga (r = -0,95; P = 0,01).
Recovery and transforming the South African health system
Authors:   Division of Public Health and Health Systems, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Pillay Y , Sanne I ,   Clinical HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Carter T ,   Clinton Health Access Initiative, Pretoria, South Africa, Narwal R ,   World Health Organization, Pretoria, South Africa, Chituku P ,   Clinton Health Access Initiative, Pretoria, South Africa, Naidoo R ,   South African National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa, Moonasar D ,   South African National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa, Morewane R ,   South African National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated lives and livelihoods globally and in South Africa (SA). The SA government has been lauded for its swift response to the pandemic, in March 2020 and subsequently. Many routinely provided health services were severely disrupted and there is an urgent need to recover to 2019 levels at least. In this paper, the lessons from the COVID-19 response are discussed and proposals for transformation of the SA health system are considered.
Persistent maternal tachycardia: A clinical alert for healthcare professionals providing maternity care in South Africa
Authors:   KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health, Moran N F ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, Khaliq O P ,   Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Ngene N C ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leratong Hospital, Krugersdorp, South Africa, Moodley J ,   Women’s Health and HIV Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
Published: June 2022

Cardiac disease is one of the commonest causes of indirect maternal deaths globally. This brief report is a reminder that isolated maternal tachycardia at rest is a clinical alert and warrants a detailed history in relation to cardiac disorders, thorough clinical examination of all organ systems, relevant investigations such as imaging, and expert advice to avoid serious adverse events. We reflect on a belatedly investigated persistent maternal tachycardia resulting in a fatal postpartum collapse due to mitral stenosis. The lost window of opportunity for appropriate investigation and management of the tachycardia provides an insight into many similar maternal deaths in South Africa. Key clinical messages regarding persistent maternal tachycardia are presented for midwives and doctors caring for pregnant women.
The Kent Petition of 1701 and the discussion on the relationship between Parliament and voters in English journalism of the early XVIII century.
Authors: Knyazev Pavel , Makarova Elena Alekseevna
Published: June 2022

The authors study the discussion on the relationship between parliament and voters in the English journalism of the beginning of the XVIII century. The authors consider one of the attempts of English voters to influence the policy of the already elected parliament – the "Kent Petition" of 1701, the authors of which sought to get the English Parliament to finance military preparations. The petition led to a large-scale discussion on the relationship between parliament and voters, the very ability of the latter to influence the activities of a representative body outside the election procedure. The arguments of the participants in this dispute are the focus of this article. Based on a wide range of sources, it is concluded that the problem of the relationship between parliament and voters became particularly relevant after the "Glorious Revolution" of 1688-1689, when the practice of regular convocation of parliament was established. The article shows that the discussion was conducted by supporters of early English "parties" - groups of Whigs and Tories. If the Whigs defended the right of voters to influence the policy of parliamentarians, the Tories considered such a practice risky and dangerous. The authors note the influence of the concepts of political thought that were widespread at that time on the positions of the parties: for example, the Whigs used the idea of a "social contract", while the Tories relied in their writings on the principle of "balance" between the elements of the English political system.
Three hypostases of dance and approaches to its study (socio-cultural, semiotic, psychotechnical)
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the discussion of the essence and nature of dance. At the beginning of the work, the author states his approach: consideration of dance within the framework of a broader whole (the reality of culture and communication), as well as development, analysis of new anthropological images and ideals, description of the reboot of physicality. Based on Aida Aylamazyan's research, the author characterizes two stages of dance development: the formation of classical ballet in the XIV century and the formation of free dance. In both cases, a new anthropological ideal was initially formed, the realization of which then entailed the formation of a new way of life, the transformation of physicality and a new synthesis of physicality in music. This pattern is confirmed by another anthropopractic, karate. In general, dance is considered from the point of view of three approaches: socio-cultural (analysis of new anthropological images and ideals), semiotic (the role in the formation of the reality of dance schemes and other semiotic cresdtv) and psychotechnical (the formation of a new physicality and reality). It is indicated that there is a need for another plan of study - psychological. Here, for example, "modes of the psyche" can be considered. The author assumes that living in dance and experiencing dance events is a person's life in a certain mode, conditioned by the dance narrative and the reality of dance. Without referring to the psychological plan, it is also difficult to talk about the formation of a dancer's personality.
The control and training of single motor units in isometric tasks are constrained by a common input signal
Authors: Bräcklein Mario , Barsakcioglu Deren Yusuf , Ibáñez Jaime , Eden Jonathan , Burdet Etienne , Mehring Carsten , Farina Dario
Published: June 2022

Recent developments in neural interfaces enable the real-time and non-invasive tracking of motor neuron spiking activity. Such novel interfaces could provide a promising basis for human motor augmentation by extracting potentially high-dimensional control signals directly from the human nervous system. However, it is unclear how flexibly humans can control the activity of individual motor neurons to effectively increase the number of degrees of freedom available to coordinate multiple effectors simultaneously. Here, we provided human subjects (N = 7) with real-time feedback on the discharge patterns of pairs of motor units (MUs) innervating a single muscle (tibialis anterior) and encouraged them to independently control the MUs by tracking targets in a 2D space. Subjects learned control strategies to achieve the target-tracking task for various combinations of MUs. These strategies rarely corresponded to a volitional control of independent input signals to individual MUs during the onset of neural activity. Conversely, MU activation was consistent with a common input to the MU pair, while individual activation of the MUs in the pair was predominantly achieved by alterations in de-recruitment order that could be explained by history-dependent changes in motor neuron excitability. These results suggest that flexible MU recruitment based on independent synaptic inputs to single MUs is unlikely, although de-recruitment might reflect varying inputs or modulations in the neuron’s intrinsic excitability.
Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells driven by T-cell intrinsic IL-18R/MyD88 signaling predominantly infiltrate Trypanosoma cruzi-infected hearts
Authors: Barbosa Carlos-Henrique D , Canto Fábio B , Gomes Ariel , Brandao Layza M , Lima Jéssica R , Melo Guilherme A , Granato Alessandra , Neves Eula GA , Dutra Walderez O , Oliveira Ana-Carolina , Nóbrega Alberto , Bellio Maria
Published: June 2022

Increasing attention has been directed to cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4CTLs) in different pathologies, both in humans and mice. The impact of CD4CTLs in immunity and the mechanisms controlling their generation, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we show that CD4CTLs abundantly differentiate during mouse infection with the intracellular parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. CD4CTLs display parallel kinetics to Th1 cells in the spleen, mediate specific cytotoxicity against cells presenting pathogen-derived antigens and express immunoregulatory and/or exhaustion markers. We demonstrate that CD4CTL absolute numbers and activity are severely reduced in both Myd88-/- and Il18ra-/- mice. Of note, the infection of mixed-bone marrow chimeras revealed that wild-type (WT) but not Myd88-/- cells transcribe the CD4CTL gene signature and that Il18ra-/- and Myd88-/- CD4+ T cells phenocopy each other. Moreover, adoptive transfer of WT CD4+GzB+ T cells to infected Il18ra-/- mice extended their survival. Importantly, cells expressing the CD4CTL phenotype predominate among CD4+ T cells infiltrating the infected mouse cardiac tissue and are increased in the blood of Chagas patients, in which the frequency of CD4CTLs correlates with the severity of cardiomyopathy. Our findings describe CD4CTLs as a major player in immunity to a relevant human pathogen and disclose T-cell intrinsic IL-18R/MyD88 signaling as a key pathway controlling the magnitude of the CD4CTL response.
Functional coupling between TRPV4 channel and TMEM16F modulates human trophoblast fusion
Authors: Zhang Yang , Liang Pengfei , Yang Liheng , Shan Ke Zoe , Feng Liping , Chen Yong , Liedtke Wolfgang , Coyne Carolyn B , Yang Huanghe
Published: June 2022

TMEM16F, a Ca2+-activated phospholipid scramblase (CaPLSase), is critical for placental trophoblast syncytialization, HIV infection, and SARS-CoV2-mediated syncytialization, however, how TMEM16F is activated during cell fusion is unclear. Here, using trophoblasts as a model for cell fusion, we demonstrate that Ca2+ influx through the Ca2+ permeable transient receptor potential vanilloid channel TRPV4 is critical for TMEM16F activation and plays a role in subsequent human trophoblast fusion. GSK1016790A, a TRPV4 specific agonist, robustly activates TMEM16F in trophoblasts. We also show that TRPV4 and TMEM16F are functionally coupled within Ca2+ microdomains in a human trophoblast cell line using patch-clamp electrophysiology. Pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing of TRPV4 hinders TMEM16F activation and subsequent trophoblast syncytialization. Our study uncovers the functional expression of TRPV4 and one of the physiological activation mechanisms of TMEM16F in human trophoblasts, thus providing us with novel strategies to regulate CaPLSase activity as a critical checkpoint of physiologically and disease-relevant cell fusion events.
Microfluidics-assisted electrospinning of aligned nanofibers for modeling intestine barriers
Authors: Su Wentao , Zhang Miao , Wei Wenbo , Wang Haitao , Zhang Wei , Li Zhongyu , Tan Mingqian , Chen Zongzheng
Published: June 2022

During electrospinning, the fibers deposited on the collector are usually randomly oriented in a disordered form. Researchers hope to generate periodic structures to expand the application of electrospinning, including improving the sensing properties of electronic and photonic devices, improving the mechanical properties of solid polymer composites and directional growth of human tissues. Here, we propose a technique to control the preparation of aligned foodborne nanofibers by placing dielectric polymers on microfluidic devices, which does not require the use of metal collectors. This study was conducted by introduced PEDOT:PSS polymer as a ground collector to prepare aligned foodborne nanofibers directly on the microfluidic platform. The fluidity of the electrolytic polymer collector makes it possible to shape the grounding collector according to the shape of the microcavity, thus forming a space adjustable nanofiber membrane with a controllable body. The simplicity of dismantling the collector also enables it extremely simple to obtain a complete electrospun fiber membrane without any additional steps. In addition, nanofibers can be easily stacked into a multi-layer structure with controllable hierarchical structures. The Caco-2 cells that grow on the device formed a compact intestinal epithelial layer that continuously expresses the tightly bound protein ZO-1. This intestinal barrier, which selectively filters small molecules, has a higher level of TEER, reproducing intestinal filtration functions similar to those of in vivo models. This method provides new opportunities for the design and manufacture of various tissue scaffolds, photonic and electronic sensors.
Evaluation of Hardness and Fracture Toughness of Feldspathic Porcelain by Various Surface Finishing Techniques
Authors: Ghiaz Khalid , . Vasanthakumar , Kamalanathan Deepak , Kumar T Anjan , Akhila R , Ramakrishnan Hariharan , Azhagarasan NS
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Dental porcelain is fired at a high temperature inside the furnace and subsequently glazed for intraoral use as a restoration. There is no clarity on the correlation between physical properties of porcelain and its surface finishing techniques. Aim: To evaluate surface hardness and fracture toughness of feldspathic porcelain with different porcelain surface finishing methods. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro descriptive study was conducted between November 2018 and August 2019 at Department of Prosthodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital with 40 samples of Nickel Chrome (Ni Cr) alloy specimens, with addition of porcelain. The sample were divided into four groups S1: Unpolished, S2: Polished, S3: Autoglazed, S4: Add-on glaze according to the finishing procedures used with each group containing ten samples. All samples were tested for surface hardness and Fracture toughness and were subjected to One way ANOVA, Bonferroni posthoc tests and Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS) California, USA. Results: Mean value of fracture toughness (in MPa1/2) for 0.2 kg load was 0.729672 for S1, 1.187567 for S2, 0.89482 for S3, 1.324399 for S4. Mean value of surface hardness (in kg/mm2 ) for 1 kg load was 360.048 for S1, 519.166 for S2, 508.817 for S3, 527.916 for S4. Maximum deviation of 24.752 and error of 7.8273 was found in S4, least deviation of 10.77 and error of 3.4077 was found in S1 group. Conclusion: The glazed porcelain had the highest micro hardness and fracture toughness followed by polished porcelain and autoglazed porcelain.
Organic Manic Episode: A Case Report on an Uncommon Presentation of Neurocysticercosis
Authors: Sasidharan Aswin , Selvamani Iniyan , Shrine Dheeptha
Published: June 2022

Neurocysticercosis is the most commonly encountered helminthic infection of central nervous system caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium.The most common psychiatric manifestations seen in neurocysticercosis are depression, anxiety and psychosis. However, mania as a neuropsychiatric presentation is uncommon. The index case is a 34-year-old married female who presented to a tertiary medical centre with symptoms of fever, headache and dizziness for a period of 2 months. She was subjected to detailed evaluation by the Neurology Department of the institution. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images showed cystic lesions in the right occipital lobe and in the intraventricular areas, demonstrating vesicular stage of cysticerci. She was treated with albendazole, antiepileptics and a short course of steroids and was discharged following resolution of symptoms after 2 weeks. Within days following discharge, patient started exhibiting behavioural changes suggestive of mania and was brought to the Psychiatry Outpatient Department and managed as a case of organic manic episode with mood stabilisers and antipsychotics. Patient improved symptomatically within 2 weeks and is presently being monitored on an outpatient basis. The present case shows a rare presentation of neurocysticercosis and the significance of early recognition and treatment of the psychiatric manifestations.
Seroprevalence of Blood-borne Viral Infections among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Ingin Rajashree J , Khageshan Ashwin P , Patil Mamatha V , Kattimani Jagadish M , Patil Kirthi Shivasharanappa
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Transfusion of blood and its components is a life- saving manoeuvre but has life threatening hazards as well. Blood Transfusion Service (BTS) is covered by “Drug and Cosmetics Act” and has legal implications. Hence, strict criteriae are followed while selecting a donor, particularly emphasising on Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTI), which may improve safe transfusion practices. Aim: To study the seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) among Voluntary Donors (VD) in blood centre, tertiary care hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: The present study was retrospective observational study done for four consecutive years from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2020. Data of all donors screened for HIV, HBV and HCV was retrieved from the records of Gulbarga Institute Medical Sciences (GIMS) Blood Centre, GIMS Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. The results were tabulated and analysed using descriptive statistics.. Results: Total blood units taken were 15,466 from VDs. There were 96.8% (14,966/15,466) male and 3.2% (500/15,466) female donors. The overall seropositivity of HBV, HCV and HIV was 1.8%, 0.006% and 0.12%, respectively. The highest seroprevalence of TTI was found to be in the age group of 18-30 years (169 donors; 55.6%) followed by 31-40 years age group (103 donors; 33.9%). Conclusion: This study shows increasing trend for total blood donation. Strict selection and retention of voluntary low-risk blood donors is recommended to improve the blood safety. Use of highly sensitive screening tests like Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) technology may be implemented in all blood centres to possibly reduce the incidence of TTI.
Correlation of CO-RADS Score with Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Analysis at a Designated COVID Centre of Kolhapur, India
Authors: Deshpande Sapna S , Mestri Namrata B , Patil Chaitanya R
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) score in Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the chest is a priority investigation in early identification of the disease. Although, a CT scan gives a clear parenchymal picture of the condition, it has its disadvantages of the cost and specificity in the prognosis of COVID-19. In addition, clinical studies have revealed its decreased utility in assessing the severity of the disease. Aim: To understand the correlation of the CO-RADS score with various inflammatory markers and explore the changes in CO- RADS score with the severity of COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective observational study in a designated COVID-19 centre in Kolhapur, India. The radiological and pathological records of 64 cases for two months (September to October 2020) were reviewed and charted. The present study included all the cases over 18 years. The authors excluded pregnant women, patients with tuberculosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary malignancy with a view of interference with the radiological presentation of COVID- 19. Along with demographics, biomarkers like Total Leucocyte Count (TLC), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), D-Dimer, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Procalcitonin (PCT), and serum ferritin were retrospectively reviewed and documented. The CO-RADS score, as reported by an expert radiologist, was noted down. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate the CO-RADS score with various inflammatory markers. Results: The authors found significant high positive correlation of CT score with LDH (r=0.754; p-value <0.001), moderate positive correlation with IL-6 (r=0.503; p-value <0.001), low positive correlation with CRP (r=0.477; p-value <0.001) and PCT (r=0.461; p-value <0.001). The correlation between the CT score with serum ferritin (r=0.284; p-value=0.023), total leukocyte count (r=0.260; p-value=0.038) and D-dimer (r=0.242; p-value 0.050) was negligible. Conclusion: The CO-RADS CT score is associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease and with mortality. The CO-RADS score showed a high positive correlation with LDH values of the present study. The LDH seems to be a promising marker and has to be further evaluated in assessing early COVID-19 infection with a multi-centric and more extensive sample size approach.