bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Successful management of diaphragmatic ectopic pregnancy using ultrasound‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation
Authors: Qian Hongrong , Tian Guo , Zheng Haizhen , Liang Weifeng , Jiang Tian'an
Published: October 2019

Diaphragmatic ectopic pregnancy is a rare status during the perinatal period. We reported that a 24‐year‐old woman with diaphragmatic ectopic pregnancy successfully received ultrasound‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation. It found that beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin level decreased showing 1067, 311.3 and 118.4 mIU/mL within five postoperative days, and P level reduced from 3.64 to 1.59 nmol/L. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography image on the third day after ablation indicated that there was no enhancement in the lesion. This case indicated that ultrasound‐guided percutaneous microwave ablation could be critical for a good outcome in diaphragmatic ectopic pregnancy.
The Emergence of Proto‐Institutions in the New Normal Business Landscape: Dialectic Institutional Work and the Dutch Drone Industry
Authors: Smolka Katrin M. , Heugens Pursey P. M. A. R.
Published: October 2019

In the current business landscape, in which technology‐enabled entrepreneurship is part of the New Normal, regulatory institutional structures are in constant flux. Previous studies have framed the challenges facing entrepreneurs in mature organizational fields as avoiding the power of overbearing regulators long enough to establish the legitimacy of their ventures. In fields typified by New Normal conditions, however, regulatory frameworks for evaluating new technology‐enabled ventures are often still lacking. Regulators may choose to actively reach out to entrepreneurs to arrive at a better understanding of the radical technological changes and high‐frequency entrepreneurial behavioural adaptations that occur in these settings. To grasp how novel regulatory institutional structures come about in the New Normal business landscape, we conducted a processual study of the emergence of a new technology that is the Dutch remotely piloted aircraft systems (drone) industry between 2000 and 2018. Our findings show that regulatory proto‐institutions result from dialectic institutional work in the form of structured interactions between entrepreneurs and regulators. Specifically, we present a process model that reveals how new regulatory structures evolve in contexts where high levels of technological and behavioural change induce systemic uncertainty, and enlarge the interdependence between entrepreneurs and regulators. We suggest that our process theory of proto‐institutional emergence generalizes towards other organizational fields in which technology‐enabled entrepreneurship has become the main driver of growth. Theoretically, our findings speak to the literatures on institutional work, proto‐institutional emergence, and the New Normal business landscape.
Accretion of differentiated achondritic and aqueously altered chondritic materials in the early solar system—Significance of an igneous fragment in the CM chondrite NWA 12651
Authors: Ebert Samuel , Patzek Markus , Lentfort Sarah , Bischoff Addi
Published: October 2019

One approach to decipher the dynamics of material transport and planetary accretion in the early solar system is to investigate xenolithic fragments in meteorites. In this work, we examined an igneous fragment from the NWA 12651 meteorite—the first igneous fragment found in any CM chondrite—by analyzing its mineralogy, rare earth elements (REEs), and O‐isotopes. The study shows that the exsolution lamellae of the igneous fragment consist of Fe‐rich and Ca‐rich pyroxene. Thus, the fragment was part of a progressive crystallization in a closed system, such as in a depleted magma reservoir or mantle. In this environment, the pyroxene co‐crystallized with plagioclase, resulting in a negative Eu anomaly and enrichment of the heavy REEs compared to the light REEs. The O‐isotopes of the fragment are more 16O‐enriched than the mafic minerals in the matrix or in other bulk CM chondrites; therefore, the fragment was formed in a different region than the NWA 12651 parent body. The iron meteorites Tucson and Deep Springs, the pallasite Milton, and the CB chondrites have similar O‐isotopes as the igneous fragment. However, no direct connection can be drawn and it is questionable if the fragment shares a same parent body with one of these meteorites. The close formation region to the CB chondrites may suggest a formation of the fragment in the carbonaceous chondrite region. Thus, a wide transport through the nebula of the early solar system may not have been necessary to move the fragment to the CM chondrite formation region.
Show me your secret(ed) weapons: a multifaceted approach reveals a wide arsenal of type III‐secreted effectors in the cucurbit pathogenic bacterium Acidovorax citrulli and novel effectors in the Acidovorax genus
Authors: Jiménez‐Guerrero Irene , Pérez‐Montaño Francisco , Da Silva Gustavo Mateus , Wagner Naama , Shkedy Dafna , Zhao Mei , Pizarro Lorena , Bar Maya , Walcott Ron , Sessa Guido , Pupko Tal , Burdman Saul
Published: October 2019

The cucurbit pathogenic bacterium Acidovorax citrulli requires a functional type III secretion system (T3SS) for pathogenicity. In this bacterium, as with Xanthomonas and Ralstonia spp., an AraC‐type transcriptional regulator, HrpX, regulates expression of genes encoding T3SS components and type III‐secreted effectors (T3Es). The annotation of a sequenced A. citrulli strain revealed 11 T3E genes. Assuming that this could be an underestimation, we aimed to uncover the T3E arsenal of the A. citrulli model strain, M6. Thorough sequence analysis revealed 51 M6 genes whose products are similar to known T3Es. Furthermore, we combined machine learning and transcriptomics to identify novel T3Es. The machine‐learning approach ranked all A. citrulli M6 genes according to their propensity to encode T3Es. RNA‐Seq revealed differential gene expression between wild‐type M6 and a mutant defective in HrpX: 159 and 28 genes showed significantly reduced and increased expression in the mutant relative to wild‐type M6, respectively. Data combined from these approaches led to the identification of seven novel T3E candidates that were further validated using a T3SS‐dependent translocation assay. These T3E genes encode hypothetical proteins that seem to be restricted to plant pathogenic Acidovorax species. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana revealed that two of these T3Es localize to the cell nucleus and one interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum. This study places A. citrulli among the ‘richest’ bacterial pathogens in terms of T3E cargo. It also revealed novel T3Es that appear to be involved in the pathoadaptive evolution of plant pathogenic Acidovorax species.
Improving sweet sorghum for enhanced juice traits and biomass
Authors: Bandara Ananda Y. , Weerasooriya Dilooshi K. , Gobena Dereje D. , Hopper Daniel J. , Tesso Tesfaye T. , Little Christopher R.
Published: October 2019

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) is a prospective bioethanol feedstock source. Four high‐biomass and sweet sorghum male lines and three grain sorghum female lines were intercrossed using Design II mating. Parents and hybrids were evaluated to (a) identify genetic sources to improve biofuel traits, and (b) determine the inheritance of biofuel and morpho‐agronomic traits. Total soluble sugars (TSS) per plant were determined using juice weight (JW) and Brix (°Bx). Plant height (PH), biomass (BM) and stalk diameter (SD) were also measured. Mean hybrid performance for PH, JW, TSS and BM was higher than the male parent means. Three male parents exhibited positive and significant general combining ability (GCA) for at least three traits. Among males, PI185672 showed the highest GCA for PH, °Bx and BM, while No. 08 exhibited the greatest GCA for JW and TSS. Most hybrids exhibited overdominance‐driven high‐parent heterosis for all traits except SD. Trait broad‐sense heritability ranged from 0.71 (BM) to 0.93 (PH). Results revealed that biofuel traits could be substantially improved through breeding, which will contribute to enhanced bioethanol production.
Fernando Pessoa’s Art of Living: Ironic Multiples, Multiple Ironies
Authors: Visser Rehan P.
Published: October 2019

In The Art of Living, Alexander Nehamas argues that Michel de Montaigne, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Michel Foucault undertook a particularist art of living—a unique project of self‐construction. In so doing, argues Nehamas, they based their lives on the life of Socrates, that quintessentially ironic character. To this list of self‐fashioning philosophers, I add Fernando Pessoa, the twentieth‐century Portuguese writer. I argue that Pessoa, via the writings of his heteronyms, also took Socrates as the model for constructing a self. Moreover, Pessoa employed all three kinds of irony that Nehamas argues is present in Plato’s writing, and did so not just to investigate the nature of the self, but to question its very existence. This is Pessoa’s formulation of the problem of the self. But Pessoa also borrowed from Nietzsche’s views on multiplicity, redeploying them in order to fabricate multiple selves. Pessoa’s solution to the problem of the self thus consists in the heteronymic device, which acts as a deus ex machina, unifying the disparate fictional voices and establishing Pessoa as a new, authentic self. Accordingly, Pessoa borrows from both Platonism and anti‐Platonism, distinguishing himself from both, so as to contrive—and simultaneously exemplify—an original art of living.
Relation of outbursts of anger and the acute risk of placental abruption: A case‐crossover study
Authors: Chahal Harpreet S. , Gelaye Bizu , Mostofsky Elizabeth , Salazar Manuel S. , Sanchez Sixto E. , Ananth Cande V. , Williams Michelle A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Roughly, a fourth of all placental abruption cases have an acute aetiologic underpinning, but the causes of acute abruption are poorly understood. Studies indicate that symptoms of stress, depression, and anxiety during pregnancy may be associated with a higher risk of abruption.

Objective

We examined the rate of abruption in the 2 hours immediately following outbursts of anger.

Methods

In a multicentre case‐crossover study, we interviewed 663 women diagnosed with placental abruption admitted to one of the seven Peruvian hospitals between January 2013 and August 2015. We asked women about outbursts of anger before symptom onset and compared this with their usual frequency of anger during the week before abruption.

Results

The rate of abruption was 2.83‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85, 4.33) higher in the 2 hours following an outburst of anger compared with other times. The rate ratio (RR) was lower for women who completed technical school or university (RR 1.38, 95% CI 0.52, 3.69) compared to women with secondary school education or less (RR 3.73, 95% CI 2.32, 5.99, P‐homogeneity = .07). There was no evidence that the association between anger episodes and abruption varied by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (ie preeclampsia/ eclampsia) or antepartum depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

There was a higher rate of abruption in the 2 hours following outbursts of anger compared with other times, providing potential clues to the aetiologic mechanisms of abruption of acute onset.
Expression of a dominant‐negative AtNEET‐H89C protein disrupts iron–sulfur metabolism and iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zandalinas Sara I. , Song Luhua , Sengupta Soham , McInturf Samuel A. , Grant DeAna G. , Marjault Henri‐Baptiste , Castro‐Guerrero Norma A. , Burks David , Azad Rajeev K. , Mendoza‐Cozatl David G. , Nechushtai Rachel , Mittler Ron
Published: October 2019

Iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters play an essential role in plants as protein cofactors mediating diverse electron transfer reactions. Because they can react with oxygen to form reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflict cellular damage, the biogenesis of Fe–S clusters is highly regulated. A recently discovered group of 2Fe–2S proteins, termed NEET proteins, was proposed to coordinate Fe–S, Fe and ROS homeostasis in mammalian cells. Here we report that disrupting the function of AtNEET, the sole member of the NEET protein family in Arabidopsis thaliana, triggers leaf‐associated Fe–S‐ and Fe‐deficiency responses, elevated Fe content in chloroplasts (1.2–1.5‐fold), chlorosis, structural damage to chloroplasts and a high seedling mortality rate. Our findings suggest that disrupting AtNEET function disrupts the transfer of 2Fe–2S clusters from the chloroplastic 2Fe–2S biogenesis pathway to different cytosolic and chloroplastic Fe–S proteins, as well as to the cytosolic Fe–S biogenesis system, and that uncoupling this process triggers leaf‐associated Fe–S‐ and Fe‐deficiency responses that result in Fe over‐accumulation in chloroplasts and enhanced ROS accumulation. We further show that AtNEET transfers its 2Fe–2S clusters to DRE2, a key protein of the cytosolic Fe–S biogenesis system, and propose that the availability of 2Fe–2S clusters in the chloroplast and cytosol is linked to Fe homeostasis in plants.
Successful treatment of a severe cannabinoid toxicity using extracorporeal therapy in a dog
Authors: Culler Christine A. , Vigani Alessio
Published: October 2019

Objective

To describe the use of extracorporeal therapy (ECT) to treat severe cannabinoid intoxication in a dog with severe hyperlipidemia.

Case Summary

A 7‐month‐old female intact Labrador Retriever presented with seizures and severe hyperesthesia that were refractory to multiple anticonvulsant medications and required induction of general anesthesia with propofol and mechanical ventilation. The dog's urine yielded a strong positive signal for delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on urine drug test and exposure to THC oil was confirmed by the owner. Bloodwork revealed severe hyperlipidemia such that IV lipid emulsion was considered contraindicated. The dog was treated with a 3‐hour ECT session, using charcoal hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in series. Neurologic signs improved during the session and mechanical ventilation was discontinued. Immediately after the session, the dog's mentation was significantly improved and seizures and hyperesthesia had ceased, although the dog remained moderately ataxic. The dog was hospitalized for 36 hours following the ECT session for continued monitoring. The dog fully recovered and was successfully discharged.

New or Unique Information Provided

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first published report to document ECT to treat THC intoxication in veterinary medicine. ECT may be considered as a treatment option for severe THC intoxication that is refractory to standard therapy or where severe hyperlipidemia precludes use of IV lipid emulsions.
Blood donation and donors: insights from a large German teaching hospital (2008–2017)
Authors: Chandler Torsten , Hiller Jens , Peine Sven , Stargardt Tom
Published: October 2019

Background and objectives

The availability of blood and blood products is crucial for the provision of high‐quality hospital services. We analyse changes in whole blood donations, donors and their behaviour over 9 years at a large German teaching hospital.

Materials and methods

A descriptive analysis using data from over 34 000 donors and 265 000 donations from a large university hospital’s blood centre was conducted using data from July 2008 to December 2017. The analysis focussed on (a) whole blood donations and (b) donor characteristics and how they changed over time. We categorized donors into four categories according to their donation activity (First‐Time, Highly Active, Active and Reactivated).

Results

We observed falling donations over time and that donors donated less frequently. Consequently, we show a downward trend in the number of Highly Active donors, whilst First‐Time donors remained stable. We also provide evidence that donors donated well below their capacity and that the blood type of donors appeared to be in line with the wider German donor population. Lastly, we show a sharp drop in the return rates of First‐Time donors over time.

Conclusion

We recommend that Highly Active donors and former Highly Active donors are more carefully considered when planning donor engagement strategies and effort made in (at the very least) maintaining their donation activity. Our results in the context of the literature highlight the need for further research into the changing attitudes towards blood donation and prosocial activities.
Apoyar la escritura del proyecto de tesis en salud
Authors: Chois-Lenis Pilar Mirely , Arenas-Hernández Karina Alejandra , Aguilar-Arias Andrea , Mosquera-Becerra Janeth
Published: October 2019

Mediante un estudio de caso se buscó caracterizar las prácticas docentes orientadas a apoyar la escritura del proyecto de investigación de estudiantes de maestría en salud, con fuentes como la observación de clases y las entrevistas a las profesoras: dos expertas en salud y una en escritura.Se evidencia que todas ofrecen apoyos como dar lineamientos para la escritura del texto, demandar la lectura de textos modelo, comentar las versiones preliminares y promover la revisión entre pares. Sin embargo, focalizan aspectos diferentes de los textos y usan recursos distintos, contraste que puede iluminar propuestas interdisciplinarias de formación de escritura en posgrado.
Centros y programas de escritura en las IES colombianas
Authors: Calle-Arango Lina
Published: October 2019

El creciente interés de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) latinoamericanas por las prácticas de lectura y escritura ha generado un aumento de iniciativas, como los centros y programas de escritura. Con este texto se pretende actualizar la información registrada sobre la existencia de estos espacios en las IES colombianas, para lo cual se realizó una búsqueda en páginas oficiales y bases de datos.Se hallaron 24 iniciativas que mantienen la utilización de tutorías, anuncian concepciones alineadas con los preceptos de la alfabetización académica, y presentan elementos que ponen en tensión las diferencias entre los conceptos tradicionales de centros y programas.
Evaluación formativa en educación física y atención a la diversidad
Authors: Gallardo-Fuentes Francisco , López-Pastor Víctor , Martínez-Angulo Carolina , Carter-Thuillier Bastian
Published: October 2019

El estudio analiza y compara la valoración y percepción del alumnado sobre el sistema de evaluación formativa y compartida (EFyC) utilizado. Participaron dos grupos de formación inicial del profesorado en Educación Física (FIP-EF) y formación profesional Técnico Deportivo Universitario (FP-TDU). Se utilizó una metodología mixta, los resultados muestran alta valoración a las ventajas de la EFyC en asignaturas especializadas en atención a la diversidad y efectos positivos de su implementación en Chile. Se observan diferencias significativas entre alumnado FIP-EF y FP-TDU en “posibles inconvenientes”, siempre con valoraciones mayores en FIP. Sería conveniente realizar más investigación sobre estas temáticas.
Thermoacoustic Spectrum of a Swirled Premixed Combustor With Partially Reflecting Boundaries
Authors: Yong Kah Joon , Meindl Maximilian , Polifke Wolfgang , Silva Camilo F.
Published: October 2019

This study investigates the effect of partial acoustic reflection at inlet or outlet of a combustor on thermoacoustic stability. Parametric maps of the thermoacoustic spectrum are utilized for this purpose, which represent frequencies and growth rates of eigenmodes for a wide range of model parameters. It is found that a decrease of the acoustic reflection at the boundaries does not always imply an increase in the stability margin of the thermoacoustic system. As a matter of fact, a reduction in the acoustic reflection may sometimes destabilize a thermoacoustic mode. Additionally, we show that perturbed passive thermoacoustic modes may become intrinsic thermoacoustic (ITA) modes in the fully anechoic case. We briefly discuss the mode definitions “acoustic” and “intrinsic” commonly found in the literature. The computational analysis is based on a state-space formulation of the linearized Navier–Stokes equations (LNSEs) with discontinuous Galerkin discretization. This approach allows to describe the thermoacoustic system as a linear combination of internal acoustics, flame dynamics, and acoustic boundaries. Such a segregation grants a clear analysis of the respective effects of the individual subsystems on the general stability of the system, expressed in terms of adjoint-based eigenvalue sensitivity. The state-space formulation of the LNSE proposed in this paper offers a powerful and flexible framework to carry out thermoacoustic studies of combustors with arbitrary geometry and acoustic boundary conditions.
Perceptual evaluation of bracewood and soundboard wood variations on the preference of a steel-string acoustic guitar
Authors: Merchel Sebastian , Altinsoy M. Ercan , Olson David
Published: October 2019

The wood of the spruce tree (Picea spp.) has been valued for centuries as an ideal soundboard for stringed instruments due to its material acoustic properties. There is large variability in these properties between individual trees of the same species and even within an individual log. It stands to reason that this variability would produce audible differences in the sound quality of otherwise identical musical instruments. Furthermore, there may be a suite of physical characteristics of the soundboard that would result in optimal sound quality for a given design. Nine steel-string guitars of the same model were produced. The guitars varied only in two parameters: the density and Young's modulus of the soundboard and bracewood. This variability was representative of the range of wood currently produced by Pacific Rim Tonewoods. A short music sequence was used for a pairwise preference evaluation in a listening test. The results suggested that, for this particular model (the Taylor 814ce Grand Auditorium), the low density and Young's modulus of the soundboard and bracewood had a positive impact on the sound quality. More generally, these results underscore the importance of integrating a given design with the physical characteristics of the component wood.
Flies land upside down on a ceiling using rapid visually mediated rotational maneuvers
Authors: Liu Pan , Sane Sanjay P. , Mongeau Jean-Michel , Zhao Jianguo , Cheng Bo
Published: October 2019

Flies land upside down on a ceiling by executing rapid rotational maneuvers, triggered and mediated by multiple sensory cues.
Repurposing rotavirus vaccines for intratumoral immunotherapy can overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Shekarian Tala , Sivado Eva , Jallas Anne-Catherine , Depil Stéphane , Kielbassa Janice , Janoueix-Lerosey Isabelle , Hutter Gregor , Goutagny Nadège , Bergeron Christophe , Viari Alain , Valsesia-Wittmann Sandrine , Caux Christophe , Marabelle Aurélien
Published: October 2019

Rotavirus vaccines have oncolytic properties and can overcome resistance to anti–PD-(L)1/CTLA-4 via RIG-I activation upon intratumoral administration.
Proof-of-concept clinical trial of etokimab shows a key role for IL-33 in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis
Authors: Chen Yi-Ling , Gutowska-Owsiak Danuta , Hardman Clare S. , Westmoreland Melanie , MacKenzie Teena , Cifuentes Liliana , Waithe Dominic , Lloyd-Lavery Antonia , Marquette Allison , Londei Marco , Ogg Graham
Published: October 2019

First-in-class clinical trial of IL-33 blockade shows inhibition of neutrophil migration into human skin and modulates atopic dermatitis symptoms.
Complete Genome Sequence of Proteus mirabilis Siphophage Stubb
Authors: Bourgeois Taylor A. , Lessor Lauren , O’Leary Chandler , Kongari Rohit , Liu Mei
Published: October 2019

Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the familyEnterobacteriaceae, is a common cause of urinary tract infections. Phages infectingProteus mirabiliscould be used as therapeutics to treat infections caused by this bacterium. This announcement describes the complete genome sequence of the T5-likeP. mirabilisphage Stubb.
Primary Ewing’s sarcoma of the temporal bone: a rare entity and review of the literature
Authors: Vishnoi Jeewan Ram , Kumar Vijay , Srivastava Kirti , Misra Sanjeev
Published: October 2019

Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is the second most common malignant primary bone tumour in children and adolescents. It primarily affects the diaphysis of long bones and pelvis. ES arising from temporal bone is extremely rare. To date, 43 such cases have been described in the literature. Clinical and radiological features are non-specific. Diagnosis is based mainly on immunohistochemistry. The present article presents an extremely rare case of ES of the temporal bone in a 20-year young man, and he was successfully treated with multiagent chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Unusual case of adult familial Menetrier disease in siblings
Authors: Brownson Emily , Stanley Adrian J , Konanahalli Prakash , Seenan John P
Published: October 2019

Menetrier disease is a rare disease characterised by hyperplasia of the gastric epithelium and large gastric folds. We present a case of a 58-year-old woman who was referred with iron deficiency anaemia, with a family history of a sibling who had undergone gastrectomy for presumed gastric malignancy. Endoscopy showed prominent gastric mucosal folds and biopsies showed hyperplastic gastric mucosa, with prominent foveolar hyperplasia suggestive of Menetrier disease. Further information about her brother’s diagnosis was sought, and it was found that his pathology after gastrectomy showed diffuse glandular hyperplasia also in keeping with Menetrier disease. Adult familial Menetrier disease has so far been a rarity in the literature—review elicits five previous cases of this presentation in siblings.
Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: a not-so-clear entity with review of literature
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Narwal Anubhav , Kumar Manoj , Kaushal Seema
Published: October 2019

Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma (CCUC) is an uncommon type of urothelial cancer with only 16 cases reported in published literature. Due to the rarity of the tumour, its clinical and prognostic values have not been clearly understood. We present one such rare clinical diagnosis in a 60-year- old man who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal conduit for urinary bladder cancer. Histopathology showed features of high-grade CCUC infiltrating the muscularis propria. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse immunopositivity of pan cytokeratin (CK), GATA3, P40, CK7 but was immunonegative for CD10 and vimentin. Our patient expired 4 months after diagnosis. CCUC has recently been included in the WHO 2016 classification of urothelial tumours. Most of the patients present with poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and recognition of this unusual variant are essential for better patient management and prognosis. Early RC seems to be the preferred way of management.
Superior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm following intramedullary nailing of an atypical femoral fracture
Authors: Ailaney Nikhil , O’Connell Robert , Giambra Laura , Golladay Gregory
Published: October 2019

A 79-year-old woman with a history of osteoporosis treated with alendronate presented to the orthopaedic clinic with persistent left hip pain. X-ray and bone scan revealed an atypical femoral fracture associated with bisphosphonate use. The fracture was repaired with antegrade femoral intramedullary fixation. Her postoperative course was complicated by acute blood loss anaemia requiring several packed red blood cell transfusions and progressive thigh ecchymosis. CT angiography demonstrated extravasation of contrast from the superior gluteal artery (SGA). Subsequent angiography revealed an SGA pseudoaneurysm above the intramedullary nail, which was coil embolised. Iatrogenic SGA injury secondary to femoral intramedullary fixation is a rare complication, with only one previous case reported in the literature. Therefore, successful identification of the injury required attention to patient reported symptoms, neurovascular examinations and laboratory values to determine the cause of the patient’s postoperative anaemia. The patient made a full recovery and did not have any long-term adverse effects following the embolisation.
Firework-related blast injury to the hand and treatment algorithm
Authors: Mohan Arvind , Nolan Grant S , Jain Abhilash
Published: October 2019

Firework injuries, which most commonly affect hands, are increasing in frequency and severity. We present a pictorial case of a devastating hand injury following a firework explosion in a young male patient. The blast resulted in splaying of the hand with multiple fractures, neurovascular compromise and soft tissue loss. Reconstruction involved a third-ray amputation, fracture fixation, nerve and soft tissue repair resulting in an adequate hand with near-normal appearance. Firework-related hand injuries pose a significant surgical challenge due to the combination of burn and blast forces that can compromise the function of intact vessels and nerves making salvage and reconstruction particularly difficult. Here, we propose a treatment algorithm based on current literature. Our case demonstrates, what initially appeared to be an unsalvageable injury can be reconstructed to produce a functional hand if appropriate surgical measures are taken.
Exertional hypoxia in a healthy adult: a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Keinath Kyle , Vaughn Megan , Cole Nathan , Gentry Shari
Published: October 2019

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are a rare cause of pulmonary symptoms, including dyspnoea on exertion, hypoxemia and haemoptysis. PAVMs are an aetiology that is often overlooked by physicians when developing a differential diagnosis for pulmonary symptoms and unidentified lung masses. However, it is an important differential diagnosis to have as PAVMs can have serious sequelae including strokes, brain abscess and life-threatening bleeding. We present a case of an impressive PAVM presenting with chest pain, chronic cough, feelings of anxiety, mild resting hypoxemia and exertional hypoxemia. Of note, on previous chest X-ray, 8 years prior to presentation, an incidental mass was found during a shoulder repair presurgical workup but not further evaluated.
Personalise antidepressant treatment for unipolar depression combining individual choices, risks and big data (PETRUSHKA): rationale and protocol
Authors: Tomlinson Anneka , Furukawa Toshi A , Efthimiou Orestis , Salanti Georgia , De Crescenzo Franco , Singh Ilina , Cipriani Andrea
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Matching treatment to specific patients is too often a matter of trial and error, while treatment efficacy should be optimised by limiting risks and costs and by incorporating patients’ preferences. Factors influencing an individual’s drug response in major depressive disorder may include a number of clinical variables (such as previous treatments, severity of illness, concomitant anxiety etc) as well demographics (for instance, age, weight, social support and family history). Our project, funded by the National Institute of Health Research, is aimed at developing and subsequently testing a precision medicine approach to the pharmacological treatment of major depressive disorder in adults, which can be used in everyday clinical settings.

Methods and analysis

We will jointly synthesise data from patients with major depressive disorder, obtained from diverse datasets, including randomised trials as well as observational, real-world studies. We will summarise the highest quality and most up-to-date scientific evidence about comparative effectiveness and tolerability (adverse effects) of antidepressants for major depressive disorder, develop and externally validate prediction models to produce stratified treatment recommendations. Results from this analysis will subsequently inform a web-based platform and build a decision support tool combining the stratified recommendations with clinicians and patients’ preferences, to adapt the tool, increase its’ reliability and tailor treatment indications to the individual-patient level. We will then test whether use of the tool relative to treatment as usual in real-world clinical settings leads to enhanced treatment adherence and response, is acceptable to clinicians and patients, and is economically viable in the UK National Health Service.

Discussion

This is a clinically oriented study, coordinated by an international team of experts, with important implications for patients treated in real-world setting. This project will form a test-case that, if effective, will be extended to non-pharmacological treatments (either face-to-face or internet-delivered), to other populations and disorders in psychiatry (for instance, children and adolescents, or schizophrenia and treatment-resistant depression) and to other fields of medicine.
Coronary wave intensity patterns in stable coronary artery disease: influence of stenosis severity and collateral circulation
Authors: deMarchi Stefano F , Gassmann Christian , Traupe Tobias , Gloekler Steffen , Cook Stéphane , Vogel Rolf , Gysi Kurt , Seiler Christian
Published: October 2019

Objective

Wave intensity analysis is a method that allows separating pulse waves into components generated proximally and in the periphery of arterial trees, as well as characterising them as accelerating or decelerating. The early diastolic suction wave (eaDSW) is one of the most prominent wave events in the coronaries. The aim of this study was to determine whether (1) microvascular dilatation directly influences its energy, (2) stenosis severity can be assessed proximal to stenoses, (3) distal pulse wave entrapment exists in the presence of stenoses and (4) coronary collaterals influence wave entrapment.

Methods

In 43 coronary artery disease patients, Doppler flow velocity and pressure measurements were performed in a proximal coronary segment at rest, in a distal segment at rest, during adenosine-induced hyperaemia and during balloon occlusion. Wave energies were calculated as the area under the wave intensity curves.

Results

The eaDSW energy showed a significant increase during hyperaemia, but did not differ between proximal and distal segments. There was no significant correlation between eaDSW energy and coronary stenosis severity. Pulse wave entrapment could not be observed consistently in the distal segments. Consequently, the effect of coronary collaterals on pulse wave entrapment could not be studied.

Conclusions

Microvascular dilation in the coronary circulation increases distal eaDSW energy. However, it does not show any diagnostically useful variation between measurement sites, various stenosis degrees and amount of collateral flow. The assessment eaDSW and its reflections were not useful for the quantification of coronary stenosis severity or the collateral circulation in clinical practice.
Evaluation of dynamic bending moment of disconnected piled raft via centrifuge tests
Authors: Ko Kil-Wan , Park Heon-Joon , Ha Jeong-Gon , Jin Seokwoo , Song Young-Hun , Song Myung-Jun , Kim Dong-Soo
Published: October 2019

When connected piles are used as settlement reducers, the proportion of vertical load carried by the pile may come close to the allowable load of the pile. To reduce not only the vertical load, but also the lateral load and bending moment to which the pile is subjected, the disconnected piled raft (DPR) has been introduced as an effective design for the role of the settlement reducers. Although several DPRs have been constructed, most of the research efforts on DPRs are limited to the structural behavior such as the evaluation of the seismic acceleration of the structure on the DPR; thus, there is a need to evaluate the dynamic performance of DPRs focusing on geotechnical problems. In this study, the seismic behavior of DPRs is investigated using dynamic centrifuge tests and compared with the results obtained from connected piled rafts (CPRs). The bending moment of piles of different materials, namely aluminum and steel, is evaluated. Results show that there is a reduction in the amplitude of acceleration of the foundation horizontal motion for the DPR compared to the CPR. The edge pile of a DPR attracts the smaller dynamic bending moment of the pile compared to that of a CPR. The dynamic bending moment of piles is predominantly governed by the soil behavior rather than the pile material. Finally, the seismic behavior of DPR was evaluated comprehensively through centrifuge tests.
Pauli–Villars regularization elucidated in Bopp–Podolsky’s generalized electrodynamics
Authors: Ji Chueng-Ryong , Takashi Suzuki Alfredo , Henrique Sales Jorge , Thibes Ronaldo
Published: October 2019

We discuss an inherent Pauli–Villars regularization in Bopp–Podolsky’s generalized electrodynamics. Introducing gauge-fixing terms for Bopp–Podolsky’s generalized electrodynamic action, we realize a unique feature for the corresponding photon propagator with a built-in Pauli–Villars regularization independent of the gauge choice made in Maxwell’s usual electromagnetism. According to our realization, the length dimensional parameter a associated with Bopp–Podolsky’s higher order derivatives corresponds to the inverse of the Pauli–Villars regularization mass scale $$\Lambda $$Λ, i.e. $$a = 1/\Lambda $$a=1/Λ. Solving explicitly the classical static Bopp–Podolsky’s equations of motion for a specific charge distribution, we explore the physical meaning of the parameter a in terms of the size of the charge distribution. As an offspring of the generalized photon propagator analysis, we also discuss our findings regarding on the issue of the two-term vs. three-term photon propagator in light-front dynamics.
An improved test of the general relativistic effect of frame-dragging using the LARES and LAGEOS satellites
Authors: Ciufolini Ignazio , Paolozzi Antonio , Pavlis Erricos C. , Sindoni Giampiero , Ries John , Matzner Richard , Koenig Rolf , Paris Claudio , Gurzadyan Vahe , Penrose Roger
Published: October 2019

We report the improved test of frame-dragging, an intriguing phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s General Relativity, obtained using 7 years of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data of the satellite LARES (ASI, 2012) and 26 years of SLR data of LAGEOS (NASA, 1976) and LAGEOS 2 (ASI and NASA, 1992). We used the static part and temporal variations of the Earth gravity field obtained by the space geodesy mission GRACE (NASA and DLR) and in particular the static Earth’s gravity field model GGM05S augmented by a model for the 7-day temporal variations of the lowest degree Earth spherical harmonics. We used the orbital estimator GEODYN (NASA). We measured frame-dragging to be equal to $$0.9910 \pm 0.02$$0.9910±0.02, where 1 is the theoretical prediction of General Relativity normalized to its frame-dragging value and $$\pm 0.02$$±0.02 is the estimated systematic error due to modelling errors in the orbital perturbations, mainly due to the errors in the Earth’s gravity field determination. Therefore, our measurement confirms the prediction of General Relativity for frame-dragging with a few percent uncertainty.
INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY AND PROPENSITY TO INNOVATE IN EXTREMADURAN KIBS COMPANIES
Authors: CORCHUELO BEATRIZ , CARVALHO LUÍSA
Published: October 2019

Innovation is one of the pillars that sustains the productive dynamism of a company, region or country. This research aims in particular to identify the barriers to innovation that influence the innovative process of Extremaduran knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) companies and their subsequent performance in innovation. Data were obtained from an ad hoc questionnaire and sent to managers of Extremaduran companies (Spain). Two waves of data are available: 2011 and 2013. From these, various aspects related to the objective of the work are analysed descriptively and econometrically. Results reveal the existence of obstacles, mainly of a financial and market nature, which hinder innovation in companies. We propose guidelines to encourage public and private entities to formulate measures and policy proposals aimed at improving innovation performance and overcoming barriers to innovation.
Efficient Algorithms for Approximate Single-Source Personalized PageRank Queries
Authors: Wang Sibo , Yang Renchi , Wang Runhui , Xiao Xiaokui , Wei Zhewei , Lin Wenqing , Yang Yin , Tang Nan
Published: October 2019

Given a graph
G
, a source node
s,
and a target node
t
, the
personalized PageRank
(
PPR
) of
t
with respect to
s
is the probability that a random walk starting from
s
terminates at
t
. An important variant of the PPR query is
single-source PPR
(
SSPPR
), which enumerates all nodes in
G
and returns the top-
k
nodes with the highest PPR values with respect to a given source
s
. PPR in general and SSPPR in particular have important applications in web search and social networks, e.g., in Twitter’s Who-To-Follow recommendation service. However, PPR computation is known to be expensive on large graphs and resistant to indexing. Consequently, previous solutions either use heuristics, which do not guarantee result quality, or rely on the strong computing power of modern data centers, which is costly.

Motivated by this, we propose effective index-free and index-based algorithms for approximate PPR processing, with rigorous guarantees on result quality. We first present FORA, an approximate SSPPR solution that combines two existing methods—Forward Push (which is fast but does not guarantee quality) and Monte Carlo Random Walk (accurate but slow)—in a simple and yet non-trivial way, leading to both high accuracy and efficiency. Further, FORA includes a simple and effective indexing scheme, as well as a module for top-
k
selection with high pruning power. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed solutions are orders of magnitude more efficient than their respective competitors. Notably, on a billion-edge Twitter dataset, FORA answers a top-500 approximate SSPPR query within 1s, using a single commodity server.
Implicit Social Cognition
Authors: Greenwald Anthony G. , Lai Calvin K.
Published: October 2019

In the last 20 years, research on implicit social cognition has established that social judgments and behavior are guided by attitudes and stereotypes of which the actor may lack awareness. Research using the methods of implicit social cognition has produced the concept of implicit bias, which has generated wide attention not only in social, clinical, and developmental psychology, but also in disciplines outside of psychology, including business, law, criminal justice, medicine, education, and political science. Although this rapidly growing body of research offers prospects of useful societal applications, the theory needed to confidently guide those applications remains insufficiently developed. This article describes the methods that have been developed, the findings that have been obtained, and the theoretical questions that remain to be answered.
Efferent modulation of spontaneous lateral line activity during and after zebrafish motor commands
Authors: Lunsford Elias T. , Skandalis Dimitri A. , Liao James C.
Published: October 2019

Accurate sensory processing during movement requires the animal to distinguish between external (exafferent) and self-generated (reafferent) stimuli to maintain sensitivity to biologically relevant cues. The lateral line system in fishes is a mechanosensory organ that experiences reafferent sensory feedback, via detection of fluid motion relative to the body generated during behaviors such as swimming. For the first time in larval zebrafish ( Danio rerio), we employed simultaneous recordings of lateral line and motor activity to reveal the activity of afferent neurons arising from endogenous feedback from hindbrain efferent neurons during locomotion. Frequency of spontaneous spiking in posterior lateral line afferent neurons decreased during motor activity and was absent for more than half of swimming trials. Targeted photoablation of efferent neurons abolished the afferent inhibition that was correlated to swimming, indicating that inhibitory efferent neurons are necessary for modulating lateral line sensitivity during locomotion. We monitored calcium activity with Tg(elav13:GCaMP6s) fish and found synchronous activity between putative cholinergic efferent neurons and motor neurons. We examined correlates of motor activity to determine which may best predict the attenuation of afferent activity and therefore what components of the motor signal are translated through the corollary discharge. Swim duration was most strongly correlated to the change in afferent spike frequency. Attenuated spike frequency persisted past the end of the fictive swim bout, suggesting that corollary discharge also affects the glide phase of burst and glide locomotion. The duration of the glide in which spike frequency was attenuated increased with swim duration but decreased with motor frequency. Our results detail a neuromodulatory mechanism in larval zebrafish that adaptively filters self-generated flow stimuli during both the active and passive phases of locomotion.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time in vivo, we quantify the endogenous effect of efferent activity on afferent gain control in a vertebrate hair cell system during and after locomotion. We believe that this pervasive effect has been underestimated when afferent activity of octavolateralis systems is characterized in the current literature. We further identify a refractory period out of phase with efferent control and place this gain mechanism in the context of gliding behavior of freely moving animals.
Tuina Massage Improves Cognitive Functions of Hypoxic-Ischemic Neonatal Rats by Regulating Genome-Wide DNA Hydroxymethylation Levels
Authors: Zhang Yunpeng , Gao Chao , Chen Danmei , Wang Cuiting , Chen Long , Zhang Yaodong , Li Bing
Published: October 2019

In addition to abnormalities of motor and posture, children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have intellectual disability. As a complementary and alternative traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy, Chinese Tuina massage, also called Tuina in China, has been widely applied in clinical treatment for CP in China for a long time. However, the molecular basis for this still remains largely unknown. Recently, DNA hydroxymethylation has been shown to be sensitive to environment and plays critical roles in some neurological disorders, whereas the research focusing on the relationship between 5 hmC and Tuina therapy for cerebral palsy is deficient. In our study, we first observed that Tuina improved learning and memory functions of hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rat pups. Meanwhile, 5 hmC level of the temporal lobe cortex in the HI neonatal rat model is decreased significantly compared to that of the rats in control and Tuina groups. Then, we used the hMeDIP-Seq method to explore whether and how DNA hydroxymethylation is involved in Tuina therapy for cerebral palsy. Genomic annotation of DhMRs of HI group’s hypo-hydroxymethylation to genes revealed enrichment in multiple neurodevelopmental signaling pathways. Moreover, we found the depletion of 5 hmC modifications in genes associated with neuronal development was accompanied by reduced mRNA levels of these genes. Taken together, our results indicate that Tuina may regulate the expression of neurodevelopment-related genes by changing the status of DNA hydroxymethylation, thereby improving learning and memory functions of cerebral palsy.