bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una mirada crítica a la teoría del signo
Authors: García Molina Bartolo
Published: June 2020

En este estudio se reivindica el carácter multiplánico del signo lingüístico, el papel del mismo en todo proceso cognitivo y el acierto de Saussure al enfatizar la esencia psíquica o mental del significante. Si bien erró al descartar el aspecto material del signo lingüístico, la originalidad y agudeza de su acierto lo hace merecedor de un puesto cimero en la historia de la teoría del signo. También se revisa las teorías del signo de Charles Sanders, Louis Hjemslev y Charles Morris para formular una propuesta que recoge los aportes de los cuatro teóricos precedentes y reivindicar el objeto o referente del signo de Saussure, el aspecto mental tanto del significante como del significado; de Hjemslev, la sustancia de los dos planos del signo; y de Morris, el sujeto de la semiosis, el intérprete. A partir de la lectura de los cuatro teóricos objeto de este estudio y de los que componen y de los que componen el marco teórico se expone que solo Saussure y Hjemslev le dan un tratamiento realmente multiplánico al signo lingüístico; y que la imagen acústica o logogén del significante, y la imagen mental o concepto del significado tienen repercusiones en la didáctica, en la epistemología, en la filosofía del lenguaje y en la logopedia.
Bronquiolitis Obliterante como secuela de infección por Adenovirus. Presentación de caso, Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral
Authors: Cordero Oñate Leandra , Santana Jiménez Madeline , Vásquez Pérez Sofía
Published: June 2020

Los procesos pulmonares en menores de dos años son causados en su mayoría por agentes virales, los cuales, en gran parte, se resuelven sin complicaciones posteriores. Sin embargo, hay agentes causales que debemos tener presentes puesto que pueden dejar secuelas importantes a nivel pulmonar. A continuación, presentamos un caso de bronquiolitis obliterante como secuela de infección por adenovirus.
Editorial
Authors: Morla Elbi
Published: June 2020

No necesita de un resumen.
Epidemiología de cardiopatías congénitas en un hospital de tercer nivel, Santo Domingo Norte, República Dominicana
Authors: Herrera Morban Demian A. , Colomé-Hidalgo Manuel , Méndez Núñez Rayneida , Torres Zoila L. , Cossety Stephania , Alcántara Tiburcio Tatiana , Alcántara Yessi P.
Published: June 2020

Introducción: las cardiopatías congénitas (CC) son un colectivo de patologías donde la estructura o morfología del corazón se ve afectada, es decir, se produce un trastorno en la función del órgano, originado durante la formación o desarrollo cardiovascular embrionario. Las CC representan la malformación congénita más frecuente en niños a nivel mundial, con una prevalencia de 4-14 por 1000 nacidos vivos, destacándose un aumento en los países asiáticos en 13-16/1000 nacidos vivos.1-4,6

Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, con recolección de datos retrospectiva de fuente secundaria, utilizando la base de datos de la consulta de cardiología del Hospital Pediátrico Dr. Hugo Mendoza entre enero 2017 y agosto 2019.

Resultados: el rango de edad de los pacientes: menor a 1 mes 40.7 %; 1 mes a 1 año 18 %; 1-4 años 23.4 %; 5-9 años 7.6 %; 10-14 años 7.6 %; mayor a 15 años 2.8 %. Las cardiopatías afectaron, indistintamente, a ambos sexos. De acuerdo con el tipo de cardiopatía la Acianógena con 92.1 %, y la Cianógena con 7.9 %.

Conclusiones: durante el periodo de estudio, hubo diferencias significativas entre la cantidad de casos recibidos anualmente en este centro, de 8/1000, 1/1000, 6/1000 pacientes atendidos para el 2017, 2018, 2019, respectivamente, deduciéndose que no hay una alta prevalencia anual para pacientes con este tipo de enfermedades en este centro.
Correlación entre bilirrubina sérica total y bilirrubina transcutánea en recién nacidos ingresados en el área de neonatología del Hospital Universitario Maternidad Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia, febrero-abril 2018, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Authors: Esquea-Guerrero Esperanza , Duke-Torres William , Chevalier-Macarrulla Allyson
Published: June 2020

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de recolección de datos tipo prospectivo, cuyo objetivo fue determinar la correlación entre bilirrubina sérica total y bilirrubina transcutánea en los recién nacidos ingresados en el área de neonatología del Hospital Universitario Maternidad Nuestra Señora de La Altagracia.

El grupo de estudio estuvo constituido por un total de 30 neonatos con solicitud de examen de laboratorio de bilirrubinas séricas, a los que conjuntamente se les tomó la bilirrubina transcutánea torácica (Bttc) y frontal (Bttf) con no más de 30 minutos de diferencia.

En este se obtuvo que la media de los valores de Bttf, Bttc y el estándar de oro fueron 15.56 mg/dl, 14.53 mg/dl y 12.89 g/dl, respectivamente; y las correlaciones de Pearson fueron las siguientes: r=0.71 para las medidas transcutáneas, r=0.91 para la medición frontal y bilirrubina sérica, y r=0.78 para la Bttc y la bilirrubina en sangre. La discrepancia entre Bttf/sérica fue de 2.67 mg/dl y entre Bttc/sérica de 1.64 mg/dl. Por lo que se concluyó que los valores de bilirrubinas séricas y transcutáneas presentan una buena correlación y pueden ser utilizados como método diagnóstico.
Alteraciones metabólicas en escolares con obesidad, consultas de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Clínica Doctor Virgilio Cedano, enero-junio 2019
Authors: Mariella Cedano , Ángel Díaz , Rosario Almánzar , Ramos Mercedes
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las alteraciones metabólicas presentes en los escolares con obesidad que asisten a la consulta de Endocrinología Pediátrica de la Clínica Doctor Virgilio Cedano, desde enero hasta junio 2019, en el municipio de Higüey, provincia La Altagracia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal con colección retrospectiva de datos, donde fueron evaluados 68 expedientes clínicos durante el período enero-julio 2019. Al finalizar la investigación, se concluye que las principales alteraciones metabólicas encontradas en los escolares con obesidad fueron la acantosis nigricans, la deficiencia de vitamina D y las dislipidemias. El sexo femenino fue el más frecuente. El 38 % de los pacientes obesos tuvieron antecedentes familiares patológicos de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. El 49 % de la población estudiada tiene Insulinorresistencia. La mayoría de los escolares obesos tienen obesidad central. El 48 % de los pacientes con obesidad central tiene insulinorresistencia. La resistencia a la insulina está presente en la mayoría de los pacientes con alteraciones metabólicas.
A los diecisiete años desaparecen del EEG las polipuntas y polipunta ondas: a propósito del síndrome de Lance-Adams
Authors: Santoni Juan R. , Santoni Williams Carlos Juan
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: la inesperada ausencia del signo de polipunta o de polipunta onda (PPO) en el electroencefalograma (EEG) de dos casos, de 29 y 51 años, respectivamente, del Síndrome Lance Adams (SLA), que hemos visto y publicado con anterioridad, nos motivó a investigar la edad cuando este signo tiende a extinguirse, dejando de ser obligatorio para diagnosticar SLA a pacientes de edad madura.

Métodos: de una muestra de 7137 trazados se incluyeron 6939, tras excluir 198 por referimientos no identificables. Estos EEG del Centro de Rehabilitación y el Centro Médico de la Universidad Central del Este (UCE), fueron realizados con electroencefalógrafos Nervus y Cadwell, de manera respectiva. Se revisaron buscando la presencia de PPO para estudiar la edad, la patología sospechada en cada indicación y el género de los pacientes.

Resultados: PPO fue encontrada en 293 casos: 4.22 % de la muestra total. En 272 habría ocurrido antes de los 17 años, con la gráfica mostrando una elevación inicial máxima a las nueve. En cambio, de los 18 a los 65 solo apareció la PPO en 18 casos. 14 pacientes mostraron supresión de paroxismo o patrones de electro depresión sin PPO.

Conclusión: la polipunta/polipunta onda prácticamente desaparece a los 17 años, a mayor edad, por lo tanto, el signo PPO deja de ser obligatorio para el diagnóstico del SLA en pacientes mayores. Es más frecuente en epilépticos y en varones.
Damage analysis and assessment of the impact of damage on the operation of supporting structures of oil refining tube furnaces
Authors: Golikov Alexander V. , Subbotin Dmitry I.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Due to the widespread use in practice, tubular furnaces were chosen as the object of study of this work. The article provides an analysis of damage to the supporting structures of oil refining tubular furnaces. The causes of damage and the physical nature of the development of damage are established. According to the results of field surveys, it was found that about 10% of the furnaces are operated with damage in the form of significant curvature of the supporting structures that developed as a result of the explosion of the gas-air mixture and the technological product inside the furnace space. The aim of the work is to analyze the damage and assess the impact of damage on the operation of the supporting structures of furnaces. Methods. The main research results were obtained by static numerical analysis of spatial models of furnace frameworks in the LIRA-SAPR software package. This complex belongs to the class of software products that implement the finite element method. Results. According to the results of calculating a series of models of structures, the effect of damage on the operation of the supporting structures of the furnace is determined. Based on the analysis of calculation data for models of tube furnaces with damage and comparison of calculation results for furnace models with structural damage identified during the survey, ways to optimize the design decisions of an industrial furnace are determined. Studies have shown the need to improve the design of tube furnaces in the direction of improving technology and improving the structural form of the supporting frame of the furnace.
The stability of geometrically nonlinear plate systems under the action of dynamic loads
Authors: Ivanov Sergey P. , Ivanova Anastasia S. , Ivanov Oleg G.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Single-connected and multi-connected plate systems are widely used in construction, aircraft, shipbuilding, mechanical engineering, instrument making. As a result, the study of the stability of geometrically nonlinear plate systems is an urgent topic. But, despite significant achievements in this area, there are still many unsolved problems. Thus, the requests of the above-mentioned areas of application of thin-walled spatial systems require further study of the issue of static and dynamic stability. The aim of the work - development of a method of the dynamic stability analysis of geometrically nonlinear plate systems such as prismatic shells under the action of dynamic compression loads. Methods. A plate system, which is subject to dynamic compression loads in the longitudinal direction, is considered. Kirchhoff - Love hypotheses are taken into account. The material stress-deformation diagram is linear. The displacement of points in the normal direction to the median plane of the plates is determined in the form of the Vlasov expansion. To derive the basic differential equations of stability, the energy method and the variational Vlasov method are used. The extreme value of the total energy is determined using the Euler - Lagrange equation. As a result, a set of basic nonlinear differential equations for studying the buckling of the plate system under the action of dynamic compression loads is obtained. Results. The developed method is used to stability analysis of a geometrically nonlinear prismatic shell with a closed contour of the cross section, under central compression under the action of dynamic loading. The edges of the shell rest on the diaphragm. The buckling of the prismatic shell in the longitudinal direction along one and two half-waves of a sinusoid is studied. The numerical integration of nonlinear differential equations is performed by the Runge - Kutta method. Based on the calculation results, graphs of the dependence of the relative deflection on the dynamic coefficient are constructed. The influence of the rate of change of compression stress, the initial imperfection of the system, and other parameters on the criteria for the dynamic stability of the plate system is investigated.
Experimental determination of the limiting flexibility of eucalyptus wood for axially compressed elements
Authors: Cajamarca-Zuniga David , Carrasco Cristhian , Molina Belen
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Wood is one of the most widely used building materials throughout history, and because of its physical-mechanical properties it mainly has been used in flexed and compressed elements. Eucalyptus was introduced to Latin America in the mid-19th century and nowadays is one of the most used woods for construction in the Andean region of Ecuador. To designing slender structural elements under axial loading engineers usually use the Euler formula, but it is applicable only if the compression stress does not exceed the proportional limit. One way to determine if the compression stress will be below the proportional limit is by comparing of the slenderness of the element with the limiting flexibility of its material which allows knowing if the buckling will occur in the elastic zone where Euler formula applies. The aim of the work - determine the magnitude of the limiting flexibility of eucalyptus, since this wood has been the subject of some investigations, however, no information about the limiting flexibility magnitude for the calculation of axially compressed elements. Methods. The laboratory tests to determine the magnitudes of the modulus of elasticity, proportional limit, admissible compression stress and limiting flexibility was carried out. Results. This experimental investigation shows that the magnitude of the limiting flexibility or so-called critical slenderness ratio for eucalyptus globulus is 59.
Data on biology and ecology of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on fruit trees in the Peloponnese
Authors: Stathas George J. , Kostriva Α. , Skouras Panagiotis J. , Kontodimas Dimitrios C. , Karipidis Ch. F
Published: June 2020

The study was conducted In Kalamata, Messinia, province of the Peloponnese, where infestations of Pseudauacaspis pentagona (Targioni Tozzetti) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) were found on kiwi trees Actinidia deliciosa (Actinidiaceae), peach trees Prunus persica (Rosaceae) and mulberry trees Morus alba (Moraceae). Data on biology and ecology of the scale were recorded by samplings of infested branches of mulberry trees and by examining them in the laboratory, during the years 2016-2018. Pseudaulacaspis pentagona is an oviparous and amphigonic species. The fecundity of the scale fluctuated between 97 and 133 eggs per female. In the area of Kalamata it completed 3 generations per year and overwintered as mated pre-ovipositing female. The main natural enemies of P. pentagona recorded in the area of Kalamata are the coccinellid predators: Chilocorus bipustulatus (L.) and Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell.
Reducing plant damage as a way to protect the biosphere from pollution by chemically hazardous effects
Authors: Meznikova Marina V. , Borisenko Ivan B. , Chamurliev Omariy G. , Chamurliev Georgy O. , Idrisova Lucia S.
Published: June 2020

In difficult economic realities, the primary task in growing crops is to reduce costs in compliance with quality requirements. At the same time, environmental safety issues are becoming more and more obvious. Lack of knowledge or poor technical settings often result in catastrophic consequences due to unreasonable chemicals application and increases emergency risks in agriculture. In this regard, chemical plant protection requires special attention in terms of safety management. The method of strip chemical treatment of crops reduces the effects of chemically hazardous substances on plants, emphasizing the importance and relevance of the research direction. Based on the analysis of production costs for chemical treatment, the shortcomings of serial machines for chemical plant treatment were identified. A technology and technical solution for strip spraying with redistribution of operating solutions to the exposure objects, considering plant growth stage, were proposed. It allowed to accurately adding the active substance to the object, which caused decrease in application rate per hectare, reduction of plant stress, and saving in costs for chemical treatment. Simultaneously, it contributed to the solution of environmental problems by reducing chemical load on soil. This method reduces the risk of emergencies when using chemically hazardous substances in agriculture.
The problem of illegal migration in Italian Mediterranean politics
Authors: Danilov Valery Vital'evich
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the current problem of illegal migration for Italy and the main ways to combat it. In particular, issues of its solution at the national level, as well as coordination of actions at the European and international levels are raised.
Economic and social measures of Narendra Modi’s government to solve the problem of separatism in North - Eastern India (NER)
Authors: Mikhailov Sergey A.
Published: June 2020

This article attempts to analyze the current economic development of North - Eastern India (NER) in the light of solving problems related to separatism in this region. This problem is extremely relevant, because it is impossible to achieve the economic breakthrough and prosperity of the region without the final eradication of separatism and terrorism in NER. The used sources are mainly up-to-date analysis of Indian ministries and departments (Ministry of development of NER, NEC / North Eastern Council and some others), as well as Internet materials from Indian and international sources (Deutsche Welle).
The Second Declaration of Havana as the Political Manifest of the Socialistic Stage of the Cuban Revolution
Authors: Lepeshkin Artem Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2020

The Second Declaration of Havana ratified on February 4, 1962 is the most important document of the socialistic stage of the Cuban Revolution. The historical analysis of this document is essential to appreciate all the peculiarity of the socialism formation in Cuba and to understand the origin of the principles of the revolutionary internationalism during the Cuban Revolution. However, investigations, which are dedicated to specifically this issue, does not present in the Russian historiography. The aim of this work is to clarify the role of the Second Declaration of Havana in the process of the socialistic ideology formation in Cuba under specific historical conditions of the first half of the 20th century and also to estimate the impact of the foreign policy of USA and VIII Consultative Meeting of Foreign Ministers of the Organization of American States (OAS), which took place in January 1962, onto the radicalization of the Cuban Revolution.
Regionalism in Global Era: Overview of Foreign and Russian Approaches
Authors: Lagutina Maria Lvovna , Mikhaylenko Ekaterina Borisovna
Published: June 2020

This article is devoted to a review of the formation of the theoretical foundations of the modern generation of regionalism. In the article, the authors tried to provide an overview of the publications of foreign and Russian researchers on modern theories of regionalism, examined the evolution of theoretical approaches to the study of regionalism, and also tried to identify the main trends and niches in the development of regional studies abroad and in Russia. The current practice of regional development requires the development of new theoretical and methodological approaches to their study. There is a wide variety of different integration forms in modern world. There is an overlapping membership of a large number of states in various regional structures, and a supplement of formal interstate interactions at the regional level with expanding stable informal and private ties. Besides the formation of regional cooperation in various fields take place, and, finally, the intensification of direct relations between interstate unions of different regions and the creation of transcontinental blocks of cooperation. All of the above is a complex multi-level structure that is gradually developed in the evolution process of regionalism. The purpose of this article is to determine the theoretical foundations of the modern generation of regionalism, its problem field and the difficulties in its study. As a result, the authors came to the conclusion that modern regionalism is a multidimensional, eclectic approach to the study of various forms of regional ties, taking into account not only regional but also global contexts, the formation of the theoretical and conceptual foundations of which has not yet been completed.
Comparative Area Studies and the Study of the Global South
Authors: Sil Rudra , Ahram Ariel I.
Published: June 2020

Comparative Area Studies (CAS) offers a template to bring the Global South back into the foreground of social science inquiry. CAS urges researchers to grapple directly with empirical variations derived from across the seemingly different global regions. CAS offers three comparative modes: intra-regional, cross-regional, and trans-regional. A number of scholars have used CAS’s comparative rubrics, even without knowing about the wider CAS agenda and program. CAS unsettles assumptions about discrete, fixed “regional” or civilizational blocks as well as about nomothetic theory-building aimed at universal or general laws. At the same time, CAS engages in the idea of medium-range theory-building, focusing empirical rigor and induction in order to create concepts and analyses that are portable yet contextualized. These macro-historical theories must be attentive to spatial and temporal variation in the social world. Claims of universalism are suspect. For the study of the Global South, in particular, CAS provides a path for aggregating and leveraging the wide range of observations and interpretations area specialists have to offer on regions as diverse as South Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa. CAS thus changes the division of labor within social science to allow greater input for scholarship derived from and originating in the developing world.
Comparative Area Studies: Epistemological and Methodological Foundations and a Practical Application
Authors: Berg-Schlosser Dirk
Published: June 2020

In recent decades, area studies have been transformed from mostly descriptive ethnographic and historical accounts to theory-oriented and analytical approaches. They retain some of their depth and cultural specificity, but have been widened in a comparative sense to come up with some broader social scientific explanations. This has been enhanced by more recent systematic comparative methods such as “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA) and related procedures, which are particularly suitable for medium-N studies of specific regions at the macro-level and cross-area analyses in contrast to more common statistical approaches. This paper discusses the epistemological background of this approach as well as recent methodological developments. As an illustration, it provides an example of an ongoing large international “cross-area” research project concerned with successful democratic transformations in different world regions and more recent threats to democratic stability and some of their underlying causes. Here, in particular, the relationships between level of socio-economic development and liberal democracy (the “Lipset hypothesis”) and the effects of “good governance” in terms of the World Bank indicators on democratic stability are investigated. This is done on the basis of selected “cross-area” cases with the help of both crisp-set and fuzzy-set QCA. In this way, both the utility of this approach for “medium-range theorizing” in the social sciences and possible practical-political applications are demonstrated.
Regionalism in the Modern World Economy: Evolution and Main Trends
Authors: Kostyunina Galina Mikhailovna
Published: June 2020

The proposed article is aimed at identifying the essence, history of development and evaluation of the current stage of regionalism. The principles of the theory of economic integration are briefly outlined, including its forms and their practical implementation. The author discusses the regulation of integration agreements within the framework of the GATT - WTO multilateral trade system. The motives for the participation of states in integration agreements, such as strategic, political and economic ones, as well as participation of the country in global and / or regional value of chains, are examined in detail. The author characterizes the main trends of modern regionalism and well-known integration mega-projects, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership. The main results of the study, which the author came to: 1) regionalism is a politics, and regionalization is the process of uniting countries into a larger region with elements of the free movement of certain factors; 2) old regionalism reflected the goals of promoting the growth of international trade and ensuring security. It corresponds to the concept of shadow integration; 3) the new regionalism was the result of an integrated approach to the development of globalization and a multipolar world. It is characterized by the concept of deep integration with deeper integration processes; 4) when signing the RTAs, the country takes into account strategic, political and economic factors; 5) integration agreements vary in scope and structure, reflecting the growing differentiation of the global trading system and the diversity of bilateral and multilateral regional trade agreements; 6) the signing of mega-projects reduces the effect of spaghetti bowl due to a decrease in the number of bilateral integration agreements between countries and the development of general rules of trade, and also simplifies international commercial disputes; there is a gradual unification of not only the rules of law, but also their interpretation and application.
Visegrad Group and Relations with Russia
Authors: Višňovský Radovan
Published: June 2020

This article refers to the Central European countries by meaning the Visegrad Group countries (V4) - Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia. The development of the Visegrad Group aimed on integration to the Euro-Atlantic structures fulfilled its promise, nevertheless, the membership in Western structures does not necessarily mean the loss of Russian influence in the region of Central Europe. On the contrary, the region’s connection to Russia developed in the past remained to some extent even after the process of political transition in particular countries. Such connections are responsible for foreign policy discourse with a plethora of questions and misunderstandings on issues related to the political attitudes of Visegrad members towards Russia and some contradictory stances of the V4 countries among themselves as well with respect to Brussels. The EU’s politics of sanctions towards Russia is having a direct, counterproductive effect in Visegrad, what is resulting in undermined relations and weakened coherence inside the EU with the emergence of anti-Western and pro-Russian political parties that creates the space for Russian foreign policy to achieve more influence in the region. This article is analyzing the background of such discourse and some of the reasons behind the pro-Russian sentiment or discrepancies and non-coherence of the EU members’ opinions on Russia. At the same time, the awareness of the outcomes of this article can be relevant in analyzing the possibilities to avoid the deepening of the conflictual foreign policy between the EU and Russia, or the Visegrad and Russia, respectively. The research is built on both, primary and secondary sources, related mainly to the evolution of relations in specific areas between both sides. The mentioned historical perspective creates the basis of the analysis and is further put into contemporary discourse to find the answers on the question: what are the reasons for non-coherence of the EU and Visegrad towards the policy against Russia? To achieve the above-mentioned results, the analysis is provided in chronological perspective using the mixed methods by exploring the official documents, scholarly articles published on the topic, and public polls as well.
Information Policy and Information Security of PRC: Development, Approaches and Implementation
Authors: Ponka Tatyana Ivanovna , Ramich Mirzet Safetovich , Wu Yuyao
Published: June 2020

The subject of the study is the new course of the PRC information policy, which was launched by the Fifth generation of the PRC leaders after the 18th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. As a result, after the 18th Congress of the CPC was started the implementation of the Strong cyberpower strategy, which implies not only ensuring cyber security in the country, but also the usage of network resources to develop the national economy. Chinas new information policy was caused by the sharply increased role of information and communication technologies in international processes and the shift in the focus of international relations to the Asia-Pacific region. The PRCs information policy is based on the most advanced technologies in the IT sphere and the cooperation with private companies on regulating external and internal information security. The relevance of the research topic is due to the increasing role of ICT in international processes. In this context, the most important are the positions of the leading countries of the world to regulate this area, as well as the mechanisms and tools used by them. The Peoples Republic of China is one of the leaders in the field of scientific and technical developments and actively uses its achievements to accomplish tasks in the field of domestic and foreign policy. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to analyze and compare the development strategies of the PRC information policy and the resources that are necessary for their implementation. The unique network landscape, which was formed under the influence of government policy on control over published content and the sharing of digital services market among the three largest information corporations (Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba), has become an essential part of the countrys information security system and requires detailed study. The purpose of the article is to identify the evolution of Chinas information policy development strategy and resources for its implementation. This article also discusses the threats to the information security of the Peoples Republic of China and analyzes the approaches to ensuring it. The results of the study are the conclusions that show the role and place of information policy in the PRC foreign policy, the structure of the information security system and strategic approaches to the regulation of international relations in cyberspace.
Ahram, A.I., Köllner, P. & Sil, R. (Eds.). (2018). Comparative Area Studies: Methodological Rationales and Cross-Regional Applications.Oxford University Press, 321 p
Authors: Agazade Mirmehdi Mirkamil ogly
Published: June 2020

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Lebedeva, N.B. (2018). Indian Ocean: Challenges of the 21st Century and India. Moscow: IV RAN publ., 576 p. (In Russian)
Authors: Dkhar Anita Prashantovna
Published: June 2020

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JUDICIAL CONTROL IN ENSURING THE LEGALITY AND VALIDITY OF DECISIONS TAKEN BY OPERATIONAL UNITS OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Authors: Babichev Dmitriy A.
Published: June 2020

The article examines the features of judicial control in ensuring the legality and va- lidity of decisions made by operational units of internal affairs bodies. The relevance of the work is determined by an attempt to improve the legal mechanisms for the implementation of judicial control in the above-mentioned area based on the study of judicial practice, as well as legal conflicts and gaps in the current operational search legislation. The subject of the study is the system of control powers of the court: 1) verification of the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to conduct certain operational search activities by granting permission to the court to conduct them; 2) checking the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to conduct certain operational search activities according to their urgent (emergent) conduct; 3) checking the legality and validity of decisions of the operational unit to carry out operational search activities on citizens' complaints. The purpose of this work is to study the essential characteristics of the control powers of the court in ensuring the legality and validity of decisions made by operational divisions of internal affairs bodies. The methodology of the research is based on the General scientific dialectical method of cognition and the scientific methods that follow from it: system, logical, comparative legal analysis, statistical, special legal, and others. The theoretical basis of the research rests on the scientific works of V. V. Abramochkin, V. A. Azarov, Yu. M. Groshevii, S. V. Eskov, N. S. Zheleznyak, V. I. Ivanov, Ch.M. Ismailov, N. A. Kolokolov, E. L. Nkitin, I. A. Odnoshevin, R. H. Rakhimzoda, A. I. Tambovtsev, A. N. Khalikov, I. D. Shatokhin and other authoritative scientists who have made a significant contribution to the solution of doctrinal and applied problems of judicial control in the field of operational search activity. As a result of scientific analysis of judicial practice and legal literature, the author proposes a number of legal tools that affect the court's assessment of the legality and validity of operational search decisions on conducting intrusive OSM, and identifies legal conflicts that require delicate study and technical elimination. In addition, it is argued that amendments to the provisions of the Federal Law On Operational Search Activities aimed at preempting precedents for recognizing evidence obtained during the OSM in cases that cant be delayed and may lead to a serious or particularly serious crime are unacceptable. The results of the study can be used in law enforcement practice of subjects of operational search activity, judges, authorized prosecutors, as well as in scientific work when analyzing problems of judicial control in the field of operational search activity.
COVID-19: A DOENÇA DOS ESPAÇOS DE FLUXOS
Authors: Aguiar Sonia
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O objetivo deste ensaio é chamar a atenção para as possíveis rotas da propagação do novo coronavírus, desde a sua chegada ao Brasil (em um momento incerto por um portador não identificado) até o seu crescente e muito desigual espraiamento pelo território nacional, dos bairros nobres para as periferias das cidades e das capitais para o interior. Identificar a difusão de doenças no tempo e no espaço é uma das vertentes das pesquisas da geografia no campo da saúde, assim como informar o público sobre as ocorrências territorialmente diferenciadas dessa difusão é uma das tarefas das geografias da comunicação. O texto arrisca um diálogo entre essas duas vertentes de estudos interdisciplinares, visando uma perspectiva espacial às diversas interpretações ora em disputa sobre a pandemia da COVID-19.Palavras chave: pandemia; geografia da saúde; geografia da circulação; geografias da comunicação; espaços de fluxos. COVID-19: A DISEASE OF SPACES OF FLOWAbstract: This essay aims at draw attention to the possible routes for the spread of the new coronavirus, from its arrival in Brazil (at an uncertain time by an unidentified carrier) to its growing and very uneven spread across the national territory, from the noble neighborhoods to the peripheries of the cities and from the state capitals to the hinterlands. Identifying the spread of diseases in time and space is one of the aspects of geography research in the health field, as well as informing the public about the territorially differentiated occurrences of this diffusion is one of the tasks of the geographies of communication. This paper risks a dialogue between these two strands of interdisciplinary studies, seeking a spatial perspective to the different interpretations now in dispute about the pandemic of COVID-19.Keywords: pandemic; health geography; circulation geography; communication geographies; flow spaces. COVID-!9: UNA ENFERMEDAD DE  ESPACIOS DE FLUJOSResumen: El propósito de este ensayo es llamar la atención sobre las posibles rutas para la propagación del nuevo coronavirus, desde su llegada a Brasil (en un momento incierto por un transportista no identificado) hasta su propagación creciente y muy desigual en todo el territorio nacional, desde los barrios nobles hasta las periferias de las ciudades y desde las capitales de provincia hasta el interior. Identificar la propagación de enfermedades en el tiempo y el espacio es uno de los aspectos de la investigación geográfica en el campo de la salud, así como informar al público sobre los sucesos territorialmente diferentes de esta propagación es una de las tareas de las geografías de la comunicación. Este texto se arriesga a un diálogo entre estas dos líneas de estudios interdisciplinarios, apuntando desde una perspectiva espacial a las diferentes interpretaciones ahora en disputa sobre la pandemia de COVID-19.Palabras-clave: pandemia; geografía de la salud; geografía de circulación; geografías de comunicación; espacios de flujo.
AQUI O CAPITALISMO NÃO PAROU! ESPOLIAÇÃO E BRUTALIDADE EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA, O QUE A AMAZÔNIA TEM A DIZER?
Authors: Malheiro Bruno Cezar , Michelotti Fernando , Sabino Thiago Guedes
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este texto busca construir um giro geoepistemológico da leitura do desenvolvimento capitalista brasileiro, geralmente centrada nos processos de industrialização, para enfocar a dinâmica de acumulação por espoliação amazônica como uma realidade paradigmática com grande potencial explicativo de um capitalismo que se brutaliza em plena pandemia do novo coronavírus, sendo o caso da exploração da província mineral de Carajás, pela empresa Vale S.A, não só emblemático, mas uma síntese preocupante da continuidade da normalidade violenta de um capitalismo que avança por sobre os territórios de vida generalizando sua engrenagem de morte para a garantia do uso, acesso e controle dos bens da natureza e dos fluxos de matéria e energia.Palavras chave: Espoliação, pandemia, Amazônia. HERE CAPITALISM HAS NOT STOPPED! DISPOSSESSION AND BRUTALITY IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC, WHAT DOES THE AMAZON HAVE TO SAY?Abstract: This text aims to make a geoepistemological turn on the interpretation of Brazilian capitalist development, generally centered around the processes of industrialization, in order to focus on the dynamics of accumulation by dispossession in the Amazon region as a paradigmatic reality with great explanatory potential for a brutalizing capitalism in the midst of the new coronavirus pandemic. The case of the exploration of the Mineral Province of Carajás by the company Vale S.A. is not only an emblematic, but also worrying synthesis of the continuity of the violent normality of a capitalism that expands into the territories of life, generalizing its death gear to guarantee the use, access and control over the natural resources and the flows of matter and energy.Keywords: Dispossession, Pandemic, Amazon. AQUÍ EL CAPITALISMO NO SE DETUVO. EXPOLIACIÓN Y BRUTALIDAD EM TIEMPOS DE PANDEMIA ¿QUÉ TIENE LA AMAZONÍA PARA DECIR?Resumen: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo construir un vuelco geoepistemológico de la lectura del desarrollo capitalista brasileño, que generalmente está concentrada en los procesos de industrialización, para enfocar la dinámica de acumulación por expoliación amazónica como un hecho paradigmático que explica en gran medida un capitalismo que  durante la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus se ha hecho más salvaje. Tal es el caso de la explotación de la provincia minera de Carajás, por parte de la empresa Vale S.A.; este no solo es un caso representativo sino también un compendio preocupante de la continuidad de la normalidad violenta de un capitalismo que arremete contra los territorios de vida, difundiendo su engranaje de muerte  para la garantía de uso, acceso y control de los recursos naturales y de los flujos de materia y energía.Palabras-clave: Expoliación, Pandemia, Amazonía.
Diseño y desarrollo de lecciones mediante el enfoque del currículo costarricense de Matemática
Authors: Hernández-Solís Luis Armando
Published: June 2020

La resolución de problemas ha sido incorporada de distintas formas en los planes de estudio de varios países; en Costa Rica se coloca como enfoque principal del currículo nacional con un carácter metodológico que orienta la acción de aula y estructura la lección. El artículo describe el diseño de dos tareas matemáticas formuladas en un problema geométrico cuyo propósito educativo es la introducción del concepto de bisectriz y de una propiedad asociada a esta. Se realiza para cada tarea un análisis de activación de procesos matemáticos para luego contrarrestarlos con la evidencia recolectada en la aplicación del problema a un grupo de primer año de educación secundaria del Colegio Técnico Profesional de Pacayas, Cartago, Costa Rica. Asimismo, un balance global del desarrollo de la lección para evaluar si el problema planteado cumplió con los propósitos educativos establecidos previamente. Se concluye que el estudio ofrece a la comunidad educativa una experiencia exitosa en el diseño y ejecución de una lección enmarcada en el enfoque de resolución de problemas para el aprendizaje de conocimientos nuevos, acorde con los programas de estudio del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica MEP (2012).
El rol del orientador como agente dinamizador del escenario educativo y social
Authors: Morales-Carrero Jesús
Published: June 2020

El rol del profesional de la orientación como agente dinamizador del proceso educativo ha tomado un auge especial en el siglo XXI. Ello motivado porque el escenario educativo al ser el lugar de confluencia de diversas prácticas sociales y culturales, se ha convertido en un espacio saturado de controversias, así como de situaciones problemáticas que ameritan del uso de estrategias de intervención propiciadoras de condiciones oportunas para que el estudiante y los demás actores educativos consigan resolver, bien sea por sí mismo o con la cooperación de terceros, los conflictos personales, emocionales, afectivos, educativos y sociales. En atención a estos requerimientos, se pretende lograr una revisión teórica que deje entrever la relevancia del profesional de la orientación como actor del sistema educativo, capaz de promover el desarrollo multidimensional de los demás participantes a través de la promoción y el aprendizaje de habilidades sociales tales como: actitudes empáticas, la resolución pacífica de controversias, la toma de decisiones y la cooperación como prácticas que por su relevancia favorecen la formación de ciudadanos con un amplio sentido de pertenencia, participación y con la vocación para transformar protagónicamente su realidad y la de otros. Por ende, la función de la persona orientadora debe enfocarse en propiciar los medios para subsistir en condiciones adversas, estrés, frustraciones y ambientes cargados de hostilidad, situaciones conflictivas que por su elevado nivel de recurrencia aquejan al ser humano en la actualidad.
Competencias que potencian la capacidad gerencial en las personas directivas para el trabajo efectivo con las Juntas Administrativas y de Educación en el sistema educativo costarricense.
Authors: Chen-Quesada Evelyn , Ruiz-Chaves Warner
Published: June 2020

El propósito del artículo es analizar las competencias que potencian la capacidad gerencial de las personas directivas de centros educativos para el trabajo efectivo con las juntas de educación y juntas administrativas en el contexto educativo costarricense. La metodología de la investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo donde se identificaron las categorías de competencias requeridas mediante grupos focales, entrevistas y encuesta entre directivos que se desempeñan en las Direcciones Regionales de Educación de San José Oeste, San José Central, Alajuela y Heredia del Ministerio de Educación Pública. Como resultado del análisis se determinó que las principales competencias gerenciales que deben tener los directivos de las instituciones educativas para el trabajo efectivo con las juntas son: liderazgo, comunicación, negociación, trabajo en equipo y delegación.
El mobbing como expresión de violencia física y psicológica en espacios universitarios: una aproximación desde una perspectiva sistemática
Authors: García López Brenda , Herenas Tapia Alma Delia , Garay Núñez Jesús Roberto
Published: June 2020

La prevalencia del mobbing como expresión de violencia física y psicológica en las instituciones de educación superior de México y del mundo en los últimos años ha tenido un incremento exponencial. La interacción social entre los diferentes actores que conviven en los espacios universitarios pone de relieve las estructuras de poder que se generan en torno a dicho fenómeno. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la literatura en español que se centra en el mobbing, en específico aquella realizada en el periodo de 2006 a 2019 y cuyo contexto es el espacio universitario. Se utilizaron métodos sistemáticos y explícitos para localizar, seleccionar y valorar críticamente las investigaciones relevantes, según las orientaciones derivadas de la Declaración Prisma. Las bases de datos que se consultaron fueron Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus y ebsco. A partir de lo anterior, se seleccionaron y analizaron ocho artículos para determinar el mobbing en instituciones de educación superior de México y de Iberoamérica. Entre las conclusiones destaca que el mobbing es un acto hostil que se puede manifestar en todos los campos de relación humana presentes en la universidad, y en las instituciones de educación superior mexicanas su presencia se ha multiplicado.
Lukiolaisten kirjoittajaidentiteetit ja itsen ymmärtämisen prosessi
Authors: Erra Satu
Published: June 2020

Pohdin artikkelissani reflektiivistä kirjoittamista lukion äidinkielen ja kirjallisuuden opetuksessa: tarkastelen, miten reflektio näkyy lukiolaisten omaa kirjoittamista pohtivissa teksteissä. Liitän reflektion kirjoittajaidentiteetteihin, jotka hahmotan jatkuvina itsen ymmärtämisen prosesseina ja joihin ympäristöllä on suuri vaikutus. Käsitykseni taustalla vaikuttaa narratiivisen identiteetin teoria (Ricœur 1991, 1992), joka hahmottaa itsen ymmärtämisen hermeneuttisena kehänä. Tutkimusaineistoni koostuu 50:stä lukiolaisen omaa kirjoittamista reflektoivasta tekstistä. Kirjoitelma-aineiston lingvistisen analyysin perusteella reflektio näkyy pohdiskelevissa teksteissä etenkin omien valintojen ymmärtämisenä ja lukijan puoleen kurkottamisena. Kirjoittajat jakavat omaa kokemustaan ja toisaalta asettuvat keskustelemaan vaihtoehtoisten näkemysten kanssa.

 

Upper secondary school students’ writer identities and the process of self-understanding – reflective writing in the teaching of mother tongue and literature

Abstract

In my article I discuss reflective writing in the teaching of mother tongue and literature at the upper secondary school level. I associate reflection with writer identities, which I perceive as processes of self-understanding, influenced by the environment. This view is based on the theory of narrative identity (Ricœur 1991, 1992), which outlines self-understanding as a hermeneutic circle. The research material consists of 50 reflective texts written by upper secondary school students. According to the linguistic analysis of the texts, reflection is manifested as understanding about personal choices and reaching out to the reader. The writers present their own experiences as shared and, on the other hand, discuss alternative views within their texts.

Keywords: writing, reflection, upper secondary school, mother tongue education, writer identity