bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution and Diversity of Bat and Rodent Paramyxoviruses from North America
Authors: Larsen Brendan B. , Gryseels Sophie , Otto Hans W. , Worobey Michael
Published: October 2021

There are a number of viral lineages that are potential zoonotic threats to humans. One of these, paramyxoviruses have jumped into humans multiple times from wild and domestic animals. We conducted one of the largest viral surveys of wild mammals in the United States to better understand paramyxovirus diversity and evolution.
Transcriptomic Landscape of Gene Expression Profiles and Pathways in Juvenile-Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Tumor Tissues and Human Papillomavirus 6 and 11 E6- and E7-Overexpressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Wu Xunyao , Xiao Yang , Zhou Sihan , Wang Yuge , Wang Jun
Published: October 2021

Juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) is primarily caused by human papillomavirus 6 (HPV6) and HPV11 infection; however, the gene signatures of tumors are currently less understood. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing and found upregulated genes associated with the IL-17 signaling pathway and downregulated genes associated with inflammatory-related pathways.
SARS-CoV-2 Causes Lung Infection without Severe Disease in Human ACE2 Knock-In Mice
Authors: Winkler Emma S. , Chen Rita E. , Alam Fahmida , Yildiz Soner , Case James Brett , Uccellini Melissa B. , Holtzman Michael J. , Garcia-Sastre Adolfo , Schotsaert Michael , Diamond Michael S.
Published: October 2021

Mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis have facilitated the rapid evaluation of countermeasures. While the first generation of models developed pneumonia and severe disease after SARS-CoV-2 infection, they relied on ectopic expression of supraphysiological levels of human ACE2 (hACE2).
Network-Based Approaches Reveal Potential Therapeutic Targets for Host-Directed Antileishmanial Therapy Driving Drug Repurposing
Authors: Martinez-Hernandez J. Eduardo , Hammoud Zaynab , de Sousa Alessandra Mara , Kramer Frank , Monte-Neto Rubens L. do , Maracaja-Coutinho Vinicius , Martin Alberto J. M.
Published: October 2021

This work opens a new path to fight parasites by targeting host molecular functions by repurposing available and approved drugs. We created a novel approach to identify key proteins involved in any biological process by combining gene regulatory networks and expression profiles.
COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Fungemia, and Pneumocystosis in the Intensive Care Unit: a Retrospective Multicenter Observational Cohort during the First French Pandemic Wave
Authors: Bretagne Stéphane , Sitbon Karine , Botterel Françoise , Dellière Sarah , Letscher-Bru Valérie , Chouaki Taieb , Bellanger Anne-Pauline , Bonnal Christine , Fekkar Arnault , Persat Florence , Costa Damien , Bourgeois Nathalie , Dalle Frédéric , Lussac-Sorton Florian , Paugam André , Cassaing Sophie , Hasseine Lilia , Huguenin Antoine , Guennouni Nadia , Mazars Edith , Le Gal Solène , Sasso Milène , Brun Sophie , Cadot Lucile , Cassagne Carole , Cateau Estelle , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Moniot Maxime , Roux Anne-Laure , Tournus Céline , Desbois-Nogard Nicole , Le Coustumier Alain , Moquet Olivier , Alanio Alexandre , Dromer Françoise
Published: October 2021

To diagnose fungal coinfections in patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit, it is necessary to implement the correct treatment and to prevent them if possible. For COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), respiratory specimens remain the best approach since serum biomarkers are rarely positive.
Challenges of continuation of live liver donor programme during COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan: outcomes and lessons learned
Authors: Dogar Abdul Wahab , Uddin Shams , Ghaffar Abdul , Abbas Syed Hasnain , Izzo Hala , Hussain Azhar , Ullah Kaleem , Shoaib Azam , Ud Din Siraj , Ahmed Bilal , Hamza Muhammad Ameer , Zafar Munaza , Qaiser Muhammad Affan , Raza Hamid , Baig Muhammad Asif , Husnain Ali , Mumtaz Khalid
Published: October 2021

Background

COVID-19 pandemic has globally affected healthcare including the transplantation programmes.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively studied the impact of COVID-19 on live liver donor (LLD) programme at liver transplant centre in Gambat, Pakistan. Standard operative procedures (SOPs) including COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab PCR, CT scans, personal protective equipment use, 6-feet distancing were developed for LLD and transplant team to mitigate COVID-19 exposure. We compared the complications, healthcare utilisation (hospital stay, readmission) and mortality between two LLD cohorts—before and during COVID-19 pandemic from March 2019 to December 2020.

Results

During study period 300 LLD surgeries were performed. There was an increase in rate of LLDs from 132 (44%) in pre-COVID to 168 (56%) during COVID-19 era. Average numbers of transplants per month performed during pre-COVID and during COVID-19 era were 10.1 and 14, respectively. No donor has developed COVID-19 infection during hospitalisation. Rate of all LLD complications (32 (21.47%) and 49 (29.16%), p=0.43), uneventful discharges (120/168 (71.4%) and 88/132 (66.6%), p<0.05), mean hospital stay (6±2 days and 5±2 days, p=0.17) and readmission (5 (4%) and 3 (1.8%), p=0.43) were similar during the pre-COVID and COVID-19 era. No donor mortality was observed during study period.

Conclusion

With the implementation of mindful SOPs, rate of LLD increased without any case of COVID-19 infection. Our SOPs were helpful in continuation of LLD programme in a developing country during COVID-19 pandemic.
High endothelial venule is a surrogate biomarker for T-cell inflamed tumor microenvironment and prognosis in gastric cancer
Authors: Park Hyung Soon , Kim Yoo Min , Kim Sewha , Lee Won Suk , Kong So Jung , Yang Hannah , Kang Beodeul , Cheon Jaekyung , Shin Su-Jin , Kim Chan , Chon Hong Jae
Published: October 2021

Background

High endothelial venule (HEV) is a specialized vasculature for lymphocyte trafficking. While HEVs are frequently observed within gastric cancer (GC), the vascular–immune interaction between HEV and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has not been well elucidated. In this study, we aimed to unveil the potential value of HEVs as a surrogate marker for T-cell inflamed immune microenvironment in GC using a large number of prospectively collected surgical specimens of GC.

Methods

We included 460 patients with GC who underwent surgical resection. Nanostring PanCancer immune profiling was performed to evaluate the immunological phenotype of GCs. HEV density and three distinct patterns of TILs (Crohn-like lymphoid reaction, peritumoral lymphoid reaction, and intratumoral lymphoid reaction) were analyzed for their relationship and evaluated as prognostic factors for relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

HEV-high GC revealed increased infiltration by immune cell subsets, including dendritic cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and CD4+ helper T cells. In addition, HEV-high GC demonstrated increased immune-modulating chemokines, type I or II interferon pathway, and immune checkpoints, all of which indicate the inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). All three distinct patterns of TILs were associated with HEV density. In survival analysis, patients with HEV-high GC displayed significantly longer RFS and OS than those with HEV-low GC (p<0.001 for RFS, p<0.001 for OS). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that HEV was the most significant immunological prognostic factor for RFS (patients with high HEV compared with those with low HEV; HR 0.412, 95% CI 0.241 to 0.705, p=0.001) and OS (HR 0.547, 95% CI 0.329 to 0.909, p=0.02) after adjustment for age, stage, and TIL.

Conclusion

HEV is the most significant immunological prognosticator for RFS and OS in resected GC, indicating inflamed TME.
Support for the Slope Sea as a major spawning ground for Atlantic bluefin tuna: evidence from larval abundance, growth rates, and particle-tracking simulations
Authors: Hernández Christina M. , Richardson David E. , Rypina Irina I. , Chen Ke , Marancik Katrin E. , Shulzitski Kathryn , Llopiz Joel K.
Published: October 2021

Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are commercially and ecologically valuable, but management is complicated by their highly migratory lifestyle. Recent collections of bluefin tuna larvae in the Slope Sea off northeastern United States have opened questions about how this region contributes to population dynamics. We analyzed larvae collected in the Slope Sea and the Gulf of Mexico in 2016 to estimate larval abundance and growth rates and used a high-resolution regional ocean circulation model to estimate spawning locations and larval transport. We did not detect a regional difference in growth rates, but found that Slope Sea larvae were larger than Gulf of Mexico larvae prior to exogenous feeding. Slope Sea larvae generally backtracked to locations north of Cape Hatteras and would have been retained within the Slope Sea until the early juvenile stage. Overall, our results provide supporting evidence that the Slope Sea is a major spawning ground that is likely to be important for population dynamics. Further study of larvae and spawning adults in the region should be prioritized to support management decisions.
AN EXPLORATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE AND INCOME INEQUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF VIETNAM
Authors: PHAN PHUC VAN
Published: October 2021

Public governance and income inequality relationship is complex and debatable. This paper examines the extent to which the quality of local governance affects inequality in Vietnam spanning the 2006–2016 period. I apply a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators to a dynamic panel data extracted from the Vietnam’s provincial competitiveness index and the Vietnam household living standard surveys. The findings are that there is a positive inequality — corruption link but no statistically significant correlation coefficient between the overall level of governance and income disparity. The study, therefore, suggests that the Vietnamese Government at all levels should consider both more effective legal practices and economic low-cost solutions to mitigate corruption.
On stringy inflation potentials
Authors: Belhaj A. , Hassouni Y. , Oualaid M. , Sedra M. B.
Published: October 2021

We investigate cosmological inflation models from Randall–Sundrum brane physics. In particular, we examine certain cosmological parameters for two potentials, being a logarithmical one and open string tachyonic inflation (OSTI). In the presence of the brane tension, we give scalar field constraints providing inflationary models matching with Planck results. Then, we discuss the reheating phase of such models. Precisely, the reheating temperature depends on the potential forms. Among others, we find that OSTI provides small temperatures, supported by GUT scales.
Epidural spinal cord stimulation as an intervention for motor recovery after motor complete spinal cord injury
Authors: Hachmann Jan T. , Yousak Andrew , Wallner Josephine J. , Gad Parag N. , Edgerton V. Reggie , Gorgey Ashraf S.
Published: October 2021

Spinal cord injury (SCI) commonly results in permanent loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic function. Recent clinical studies have shown that epidural spinal cord stimulation may provide a beneficial adjunct for restoring lower extremity and other neurological functions. Herein, we review the recent clinical advances of lumbosacral epidural stimulation for restoration of sensorimotor function in individuals with motor complete SCI and we discuss the putative neural pathways involved in this promising neurorehabilitative approach. We focus on three main sections: review recent clinical results for locomotor restoration in complete SCI; discuss the contemporary understanding of electrical neuromodulation and signal transduction pathways involved in spinal locomotor networks; and review current challenges of motor system modulation and future directions toward integrative neurorestoration. The current understanding is that initial depolarization occurs at the level of large diameter dorsal root proprioceptive afferents that when integrated with interneuronal and latent residual supraspinal translesional connections can recruit locomotor centers and augment downstream motor units. Spinal epidural stimulation can initiate excitability changes in spinal networks and supraspinal networks. Different stimulation parameters can facilitate standing or stepping, and it may also have potential for augmenting myriad other sensorimotor and autonomic functions. More comprehensive investigation of the mechanisms that mediate the transformation of dysfunctional spinal networks to higher functional states with a greater focus on integrated systems-based control system may reveal the key mechanisms underlying neurological augmentation and motor restoration after severe paralysis.
Upregulation of GTPBP4 Promotes the Proliferation of Liver Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Jia , Zhang Jie , Zhang Zhiwei
Published: October 2021

Research Background. Liver cancer is a public health issue worldwide and ranks second in cancer-related mortality rates worldwide. In China, the mortality rate of liver cancer ranks second among all cancer types. The five-year survival rate of liver cancer is only 18%, and the five-year survival rate after surgery can exceed 50%, but the recurrence rate after surgery is as high as 70%. Therefore, the research on the occurrence and progression mechanism of liver cancer is still urgent. Research Method. Explore the expression of GTPBP4 in liver cancer patients in GEPIA2, Oncomine, and UALCAN databases. The relationship between GTPBP4 gene expression and the overall survival of liver cancer patients was explored in the Kaplan–Meier plotter database. Through the STRING database, the protein interacting with GTPBP4 was found. Subsequently, the expression of GTPBP4 gene’s mRNA level and protein level in liver cancer cells was verified by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting experiments. Through the CCK-8 experiment, the effect of GTPBP4 gene’s expression on the growth of liver cancer cells was explored. Through nude mouse tumorigenicity assay, the effect of GTPBP4 expression on tumor growth in vivo was explored. Results. The GTPBP4 has upregulated expression in liver cancer patients (

P
<
0.01

), but there was no difference in its expression in patients with different clinicopathological stages. The expression of GTPBP4 increased with the increase of cancer metastasis in lymph nodes (

P
<
0.01

). Liver cancer patients with upregulated expression of GTPBP4 showed a shorter overall survival rate (

P
=
0.02

). GTPBP4 is closely related to genes such as NIFK, WDR12, and RPF2, and these genes are involved in life processes such as GTP binding and rRNA processing. The upregulated expression of GTPBP4 promotes the proliferation of liver cancer cells and promotes the growth of tumors in mice, while the downregulated expression of GTPBP4 inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells and inhibits the growth of tumors in mice. Conclusion. The expression of GTPBP4 is upregulated in liver cancer patients and affects the overall survival rate of patients. The upregulated expression of GTPBP4 promotes the proliferation of liver cancer cells and the growth of tumors.
Design and Research of a Government Affairs Office Platform
Authors: Chen Xintong , Si Jingbo
Published: October 2021

Recent advancements in Digital Communication Systems and Web Technology tendered information systems cheaper and allow people to move into the electronic Government (eGov) platforms. eGov is the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs), whereas good governance refers to how well public authorities manage public and social resources. eGov supports excellent governance practices, yet it also has certain limitations. In this article, we enhance the study of Jiyuan City’s Internet-based e-government system based on an analysis of theoretical knowledge and application state. First, we gathered all government affairs platform websites; then, we built the supervision system function code in accordance with the supervision system activity diagram. Finally, the office platform's system deployment was completed, and the government office platform’s analysis environment was provided, and it was validated via experiments. The experimental results show that when there are 300 government affairs tasks to be handled, the data recall rate of the design platform’s government affairs website is 95%, and the design platform’s government affairs processing time is 15 minutes. The proposed government affairs platform has a high processing efficiency and data-carrying capacity.
Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activities of Edible Mushroom Termitomyces striatus
Authors: Sitati Concepta N. W. , Ogila Kenneth O. , Waihenya Rebecca W. , Ochola Lucy A.
Published: October 2021

The mushroom Termitomyces striatus is an edible mushroom that grows wildly and belongs to the family Lyophyllaceae. Studies in the last few decades have demonstrated that mushrooms and their active components have beneficial effects on a variety of biological systems. Some mushrooms do exhibit antibacterial properties. Qualitative phytochemical profile was done on the mushroom Termitomyces striatus to establish the presence of compounds responsible for important biological activities. This study also investigated the effect of Termitomyces striatus extracts on certain bacterial strains that included Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa representing the Gram-negative bacteria and Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus representing Gram-positive bacteria. The fungi were represented by Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mushroom was collected in western Kenya, air-dried, and crushed into powder, followed by extraction using water, methanol, and dichloromethane (DCM) solvents. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated using the disc-diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, sterols, saponins, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins. The three extracts exhibited antibacterial against tested bacterial strains. The DCM extract revealed higher effects among the bacterial strains tested. The three extracts showed antifungal effects against C. albicans. However, both methanol and aqueous extracts did not inhibit growth of S. cerevisiae. In conclusion, T. striatus extracts are a promising source of novel antimicrobial and antifungal agents.
The Awareness of the Human Papillomavirus Infection and Oropharyngeal Cancer in People to Improve the Health Care System at Al Qunfudhah Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshehri Ali Maeed , Ahmed Alamri Muaddiyah Mohammed , Mahdi Alharazi Amal Ahmed , Essa Alhazmi Adnan Mohammed , Hassan Alfaqih Reem Mohammed , Alzaylaee Abdulrahim Ali Ibrahim , Harb Awadh Almarhabi Salihah , Alfaqih Hassan Mohammed Hassan , Ali Khneen Alderhami Amaal , Almarhabi Mariam Harb Awadh , Alsllami Abdullah
Published: October 2021

With 14 million new infections each year, the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among both men and women in the United States (US). Infections with the human papillomavirus (HPV) are responsible for a considerable portion of the global cancer burden. HPV-related oral malignancies are on the rise around the world, according to epidemiological studies. To provide accurate advice to their patients, dental practitioners require thorough, up-to-date HPV-related knowledge. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected by the purposely constructed questionnaire. A questionnaire composed of the demographic items and items related to the awareness and knowledge about Human papillomavirus. The questionnaire was constructed after a series of discussions between the panel of experts. This panel was composed of a subject specialist, researcher, and language expert. The Cronbach alpha of the questionnaire was calculated. The study will be conducted in the Al Qunfudhah. Results. The Cronbach alpha of the questionnaire was 0.72. Out of a total of 550 respondents, with a mean (SD) age of 47.5 (11.5), the female respondents were 167 (30.4%) while male were 383 (69.6%). 20.5% of the respondents (out of 550) were having awareness of HPV. Implications. Knowledge of HPV-related oral cancer is critical, and it is advised to be taught as part of dental students’ basic curriculum and clinical training. This problem can be solved by better educational training programs. Knowledge of HPV-related oral cancer is critical, and it is advised to be taught as part of dental students’ basic curriculum and clinical training.
Massive Osteolysis in a Modern Total Knee Prosthesis
Authors: Gibon Emmanuel , Knapik Jacquelyn A. , Parvataneni Hari K.
Published: October 2021

Case. An 82-year-old woman underwent right total knee replacement with a sequentially irradiated and annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene insert. At 9 years, she was found to have a massive femoral osteolysis with an impending fracture. Conclusion. This case demonstrates a rare occurrence of massive femoral osteolysis, requiring revision surgery, with a sequentially irradiated and annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene.
Prioritization of Bridges to Improve Emergency Road Network Performance after the Earthquake
Authors: Shooreshi Alireza , Zoghi Hassan
Published: October 2021

Following an earthquake, the issue of relief, mainly in metropolises, where the extent and depth of the devastation can be widespread, is crucial. Meanwhile, urban roads including the bridges as major arteries play an essential role after the earthquake. Bridges also have a unique role in making disaster response routes network efficient. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure their full performance in disasters such as earthquakes. On the other hand, maintaining this function for all bridges in a network requires huge costs, which is generally impossible. This study aims to assess the selection and prioritization of bridges for retrofitting according to their importance and role in helping disaster response routes network. In this paper, to prioritize bridges in an emergency road network, a five‐stage methodology is presented using analytical methods and an optimization model. Given the importance of network length and critical points connectivity in the efficiency of the emergency road network, the probability of failure, network length, and travel time have been used as major indicators in prioritizing bridges for retrofit funding, especially in the first 72 hours after the disaster. This methodology has also provided the possibility of evaluating budget allocation options. The results are presented for the Sioux Falls model, and the efficiency of the proposed model has been shown.
Some Fixed Point Results in Partial Rectangular Metric-Like Spaces
Authors: Sila Eriola , Duraj Sidite , Hoxha Elida
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of partial rectangular metric-like space and prove some results on the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point of a functionT:X⟶X, defined on a partial rectangular metric-like spaceX, which fulfills a nonlinear contractive condition using a comparison function and the diameter of the orbits. The obtained results generalize some previously acknowledged results in partial metric spaces, partial rectangular metric spaces, and rectangular metric-like spaces. The examples presented prove the usefulness of the introduced generalizations.
Autocharging Techniques for Implantable Medical Applications
Authors: Owida Hamza Abu , Al-Nabulsi Jamal I. , Turab Nidal M. , Alnaimat Feras , Rababah Hana , Shakour Murad Y.
Published: October 2021

Implantable devices have successfully proven their reliability and efficiency in the medical field due to their immense support in a variety of aspects concerning the monitoring of patients and treatment in many ways. Moreover, they assist the medical field in disease diagnosis and prevention. However, the devices’ power sources rely on batteries, and with this reliance, comes certain complications. For example, their depletion may lead to surgical interference or leakage into the human body. Implicit studies have found ways to reduce the battery size or in some cases to eliminate its use entirely; these studies suggest the use of biocompatible harvesters that can support the device consumption by generating power. Harvesting mechanisms can be executed using a variety of biocompatible materials, namely, piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators, biofuel cells, and environmental sources. As with all methods for implementing biocompatible harvesters, some of them are low in terms of power consumption and some are dependent on the device and the place of implantation. In this review, we discuss the application of harvesters into implantable devices and evaluate the different materials and methods and examine how new and improved circuits will help in assisting the generators to sustain the function of medical devices.
Contribution of Oxidative Stress to HIF‐1‐Mediated Profibrotic Changes during the Kidney Damage
Authors: Zhang Hong , Xu Renfeng , Wang Zhengchao
Published: October 2021

Hypoxia and oxidative stress are the common causes of various types of kidney injury. During recent years, the studies on hypoxia inducible factor‐ (HIF‐) 1 attract more and more attention, which can not only mediate hypoxia adaptation but also contribute to profibrotic changes. Through analyzing related literatures, we found that oxidative stress can regulate the expression and activity of HIF‐1α through some signaling molecules, such as prolyl hydroxylase domain‐containing protein (PHD), PI‐3K, and microRNA. And oxidative stress can take part in inflammation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix deposition mediated by HIF‐1 via interacting with classical NF‐κB and TGF‐β signaling pathways. Therefore, based on previous literatures, this review summarizes the contribution of oxidative stress to HIF‐1‐mediated profibrotic changes during the kidney damage, in order to further understand the role of oxidative stress in renal fibrosis.
Synergistic Cytotoxicity between Elephantopus scaber and Tamoxifen on MCF-7-Derived Multicellular Tumor Spheroid
Authors: Ho Wan Yong , Liew Sok Sian , Yeap Swee Keong , Alitheen Noorjahan Banu
Published: October 2021

Elephantopus scaber Linn, a traditional herb, exhibited anticancer properties, and it was cytotoxic against the monolayer estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, in the previous study. In order to determine the potential of E. scaber as a complementary medicine for breast cancer, this study aimed to evaluate the synergism between E. scaber and tamoxifen in cytotoxicity using MCF-7 in the form of 3-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) cultures. MCTS represents a more reliable model for studying drug penetration as compared to monolayer cells due to its greater resemblance to solid tumor. Combination of E. scaber ethanol extract and tamoxifen, which were used in concentrations lower than their respective IC50 values, had successfully induced apoptosis on MCTS in this study. The combinatorial treatment showed >58% increase of lactate dehydrogenase release in cell media, cell cycle arrest at the S phase, and 1.3 fold increase in depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. The treated MCTS also experienced DNA fragmentation; this had been quantified by TUNEL-positive assay, which showed >64% increase in DNA damaged cells. Higher externalization of phospatidylserine and distorted and disintegrated spheroids stained by acridine orange/propidium iodide showed that the cell death was mainly due to apoptosis. Further exploration showed that the combinatorial treatment elevated caspases-8 and 9 activities involving both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. The treatment also upregulated the expression of proapoptotic gene HSP 105 and downregulated the expression of prosurvival genes such as c-Jun, ICAM1, and VEGF. In conclusion, these results suggested that the coupling of E. scaber to low concentration of tamoxifen showed synergism in cytotoxicity and reducing drug resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Development of Reinforcement Grout Materials Based on Blast Furnace Slag according to the Content of Reinforcement Fiber
Authors: Seo H. , Kim D. H.
Published: October 2021

The grouting is used to reinforce soft ground and to prevent the leakage of water in the soil. The objective of the study is to enhance the compressive strength of grout materials by using reinforcing fibers and to increase the strength of soil using blast furnace slag powder. For this purpose, cement was replaced with the blast furnace slag powder by 30 to 60%. Furthermore, for comparison of carbon fibers with aramid fibers, each fiber was added by 0, 0.5, and 1.0% of the weight of material. As the contents of carbon fibers and aramid fibers increased, the uniaxial compressive strength increased. This is due to the interlocking of fibers in the grout material that increased the uniaxial compressive strength. Moreover, the grout material reinforced with aramid fibers showed an increase of uniaxial compressive strength by at least 20% compared to the carbon fibers. An environmental assessment was done through a heavy metal leaching test and a pH test. The test result reveals that about 50% of chromium (VI) leaching decreased as 30% more blast furnace slag powder was used but the pH test shows about 0.5 pH increased as 30% more blast furnace slag powder was used. Further study is necessary for the pH test.
Knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 Suppresses Corneal Angiogenesis by the Regulation of miR-195-5p/VEGF-A
Authors: Hu Xiaofeng , Xing Hongru , Wang Xiaofeng , Du Lei , Huang Yihong , Hao Youguo , Shen Zhibin
Published: October 2021

LncRNA SNHG1 (SNHG1) has been widely studied as the causative factor of angiogenesis and proliferative agent in gastric, lung, cervical, and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, its significance of angiogenesis and progression of corneal neovascularization (CRNV) is least understood. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms followed by SNHG1 to establish CRNV and its angiogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential miRNA targets of SNHG1 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) was conducted using StarBase and was subsequently confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. Relative quantitative expression of SNHG1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay, whereas migratory abilities of the cells were determined with transwell assay. A capillary-like tube formation assay was performed to detect the tube formation ability of the cells. Following this, relative expression of miR-195-5p and VEGF-A was determined through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results from the experiments manifested upregulated levels of SNHG1 and VEGF-A in HUVECs and CRNV tissues as compared with the control group, whereas downregulated levels of miR-195-5p were measured in the CRNV tissues and HUVECs, suggesting the negative correlation between lncRNA and miRNA. Overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor promoted cell proliferation and tube formation; however, its silencing leads to inhibition in angiogenesis and proliferation. Potential binding sites of SNHG1 showed miR-195-5p as its direct target and SNHG1 as a sponge for this miRNA. Knockdown and downregulated levels of SNHG1 showed a notable decrease and inhibition in angiogenesis and migration of CRNV cells. The study showed that SNHG1 inhibition significantly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in HUVECs transfect with lncRNA SNHG1. Mechanistic insights into the SNHG1 showed that SNHG1 acts as a sponge for miR-195-5p and upregulates the levels of VEGF-A.
Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Independent of Bone Marrow Storage Temperatures
Authors: Schrodi Valentin , Neunaber Claudia , Bundkirchen Katrin , Ye Weikang , Jiang Zhida , Petri Maximilian , Krettek Christian , Noack Sandra
Published: October 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells play an important role in regenerative medicine due to their capability of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. For research or clinical application, bone marrow aspirates are harvested during elective surgeries to isolate MSCs. If an immediate purification of the MSCs is not possible, the bone marrow must be stored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate possible differences of stem cell characteristics regarding the self-renewal capability, the adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation, and the expression of surface antigens after different storage conditions of the bone marrow aspirates. Three groups were analysed: the first group was purified immediately after harvesting, the other two groups were processed after they were stored 18 to 24 hours at 22°C (room temperature) or at 4°C. Comparisons between the groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric data. The final results showed no significant difference between the different storage conditions. Therefore, storage of bone marrow aspirates for 18 to 24 hours at room temperature or 4°C is possible without loss of stem cell characteristics.
Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Helical Roof on the Performance of Stairmand High Efficiency Cyclone
Authors: Karadeniz Aykut , Demir Selami
Published: October 2021

Cost-effectiveness of a standard and a modified Stairmand high-efficiency type cyclone was compared at various inlet gas velocities. The modified design was obtained by replacing the roof of the standard design with a helical roof. Experiments were conducted by both standard and helical roof designs at the same operating conditions. Results showed that helical roof leads to reduced pressure drop in cyclones while having a negative impact on particle collection efficiency. Reductions in pressure drop can reach up to 30%, while particle collection efficiency is reduced by up to 8% simultaneously. Overall, the treatment cost of a cyclone separator can be reduced by 14.1–20.8%. Results indicated that helical roof design cyclones can be used to reduce overall treatment cost by cyclone separators.
Machine Learning-Based Head Computerized Tomography Imaging in Diagnosis and Surgery Treatment of Hypertension Cerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Dong Jinjiang , Mao Jianhao
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to explore the adoption of computerized tomography (CT) based on machine learning in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. A total of 150 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent surgical treatment in hospital in the recent three years were selected. All patients underwent brain CT examination, and image data were collected. FCM, DRLSRE, FCRLS, and other algorithms were utilized to segment the patient’s bleeding region, and the segmentation performance of each algorithm was compared. Based on the FCRLS algorithm segmentation, the bleeding area was calculated by using the function in the MATLAB toolbox. Based on the previous research, a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system was designed and verified. The results showed that FCRLS had the best segmentation effect and the fastest segmentation speed for discontinuous and irregular bleeding areas. The CAD system can obtain the information of bleeding site, bleeding amount, midline displacement, and ventricle compression comprehensively and accurately. The accuracy of this system was 94% and 86% for hematoma of patients with rapid bleeding and those with slow bleeding, respectively. The overall accuracy was 91.3%. To sum up, the CAD system based on machine learning and head CT image had good diagnostic effect for patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and had high clinical adoption value.
Protective Effect of Keluoxin against Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Models
Authors: Yang Xiaomei , Han Xuke , Wen Qing , Qiu Xianliang , Deng Huan , Chen Qiu
Published: October 2021

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic kidney disease that develops in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Renal dysfunction and persistent proteinuria are the main clinical features of DN. Podocyte injury is an important cause of persistent proteinuria and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression. Traditional Chinese patent medicines can improve renal function by enhancing autophagy and promoting apoptosis. Keluoxin is a Chinese patent medicine that has the effect of invigorating qi and nourishing yin, activating blood, and eliminating blood stasis. Therefore, we hypothesized that Keluoxin may have a protective effect against diabetic nephropathy in rats with type 2 DM. Rats induced with diabetes through streptozocin (STZ) injection and a high-fat and high-sugar diet were treated with Keluoxin (0.63 g/kg/day) for 8 weeks, and renal function, biochemical indicators, and histopathological changes in renal tissues were observed. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins. The results showed that Keluoxin reduced blood glucose and lipid levels, improved renal function, and alleviated renal histopathological changes in rats with DN. The therapeutic effect was similar to that of Irbesartan (15.6 mg/kg/day). It is inferred that the mechanism works through reducing the obstruction of downstream pathways of autophagy by improving the lysosomal degradation function and alleviating podocyte injury. This study demonstrates that Keluoxin could regulate autophagy in podocytes, alleviate kidney injury in rats with DN, and have a protective effect on renal function; its mechanism can thus be a potential therapy for DN.
Optimization of VEDs for Vibration Control of Transmission Line Tower
Authors: Huang Guoping , Hu Jianhua , He Yuzhu , Liu Haibo , Sun Xiugui
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the optimization of viscoelastic dampers (VEDs) for vibration control of a transmission line tower. Considering the stiffness of the steel brace connected to a VED, the mechanical model of the VED‐brace system was established. Subsequently, the additional modal damping ratio of the transmission line tower attached with VEDs was obtained analytically. Furthermore, the finite element model of a two‐circuit transmission line tower with VEDs was built in ANSYS software, and the influences of installation positions and parameters of VEDs on the additional modal damping ratio were clarified. In addition, the control performance of VEDs on the transmission line tower subjected to wind excitations was emphatically illustrated. The results show that the stiffness of the steel brace connected to a VED has a significant effect on the maximum additional modal damping ratio of the VED‐brace system provided for the transmission line tower and the optimal parameters of the VED. Meanwhile, the installation positions of VEDs dramatically influence the additional modal damping ratio. Moreover, the increase of the brace stiffness and the loss factor is beneficial to improve the control performance of VEDs. Besides that, the VEDs present superior control performance on the top displacement of the transmission line tower as well as the transverse bending vibration energy.
FAT1 and PTPN14 Regulate the Malignant Progression and Chemotherapy Resistance of Esophageal Cancer through the Hippo Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lu Yingzhi , Wang Zhenxin , Zhou Ling , Ma Zhaoming , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Yan , Shao Yan , Yang Yunyun
Published: October 2021

Background. Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor, which brings heavy economic burden to patients and society. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism of recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance of esophageal cancer. Methods. Human esophageal cancer cell line TE13 (poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma) and normal human esophageal epithelial cell line het-1a were selected for aseptic culture. At the same time, 6 bottles of TE13 cell line were inoculated in logarithmic phase. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Cell clone formation assay was used to analyze the proliferation. Fibronectin-coated dishes were used to detect the characteristics of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. The Transwell method was used to detect the cell invasion ability. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Yap1, PTPN14, FAT1, and Myc. Results. Results showed that FAT1 and PTPN14 were downregulated, while Yap1 was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues. FAT1 inhibited the proliferation, adhesion, and invasion of human esophageal cancer cell lines, which might be associated with the upregulation of PTPN14 and the inhibition of Yap1 and Myc. Conclusion. The results suggested that PTPN14 and FAT1 could regulate malignant progression and chemotherapy resistance of esophageal cancer based on the Hippo signaling pathway.
Manipulator Trajectory Tracking with a Neural Network Adaptive Control Method
Authors: Zha Wenbin , Zhang Hui , Xu Xiangrong
Published: October 2021

In order to solve the joint chattering problem of the manipulator in the process of motion, a novel dynamics model is established based on the dynamics model of the manipulator, by fitting parameters of the neural network and combining with the estimated value of the inertia matrix. We proposed a neural network adaptive control method with a time-varying constraint state based on the dynamics model of estimation. We design the control law, establish the Lyapunov function equation and the asymmetric term, and derive the convergence of the control law. According to the joint state tracking results of the manipulator, the angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration, input torque, and disturbance fitting of the manipulator are analyzed by using the Simulink and Gazebo. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the chattering amplitude under the environment disturbances.
Kinetic Interaction of Hexan Conversion and Oxidation on the Surface of an Al2O3 Nanocatalyzer at Room  Temperature under the Effect of Gamma Radiation
Authors: Mahmudov Hokman , Suleymanov Telman , Sabzaliyeva Zumrud , Imanova Gunel , Akhundzada Haji Vahid , Azizova Kamala , Hasanova Sabina , Hasanov Sadig
Published: October 2021

The kinetic and temperature dependencies of the conversion of hexane to gas and liquid oxide products on the surface of the nano-Al2O3 catalyst in the homo and hetero phase were investigated and compared. The rate of hexane conversion in air in different phases at temperature ∆T = 180–2000 C was determined ((a) 10–15% from the homo phase in the hetero phase; (b) thermal 12–17%; (c) radiation-thermal 14–22%). It is shown that the excess electron density formed in radiation defects migrates from the surface to the adsorbents, thereby weakening the intramolecular chemical bonds of the adsorbent and accelerating the decomposition processes investigated.
Commutators of the Fractional Hardy Operator on Weighted Variable Herz-Morrey Spaces
Authors: Hussain Amjad , Asim Muhammad , Aslam Muhammad , Jarad Fahd
Published: October 2021

In the present paper, our aim is to establish the boundedness of commutators of the fractional Hardy operator and its adjoint operator on weighted Herz-Morrey spaces with variable exponents

M

K
̇

p
,
q

⋅

α

⋅

,
λ

w

.
Clinical Research of Combined Application of DCEUS and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MSCT in Preoperative cT Staging of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Junling , Li Xia , Zhang Zhijie , Jing Chao , Li Jie
Published: October 2021

Purpose. To investigate the clinical value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS) combined with dynamic contrast-enhanced multislice CT (MSCT) in preoperative T staging of gastric cancer (GC). Methods. 206 patients with GC confirmed by preoperative gastroscopy from February 2019 to February 2021 were collected, all patients were examined by DCEUS and dynamic contrast-enhanced MSCT before operation, and the invasion depth (T staging) of GC was evaluated. The diagnosis results of DCEUS, dynamic contrast-enhanced MSCT, and combined diagnosis of DCEUS and MSCT methods (D&M method) were compared with the pathological staging results (gold standard). Results. The correct diagnosis rate of MSCT was 27.27% in T1 staging, 55.56% in T2 staging, 42.11% in T3 staging, 59.29% in T4 staging, and 55.34% in summation. The correct diagnosis rate of DCEUS was 90.91% in T1 staging, 88.89% in T2 staging, 78.95% in T3 staging, 82.86% in T4 staging, and 83.98% in summation. The correct diagnosis rate of the D&M method was 100.00% in T1 staging, 94.44% in T2 staging, 89.47% in T3 staging, 93.57% in T4 staging, and 93.69% in summation. The D&M method had higher correct diagnosis rate than MSCT or DCEUS alone, the correct diagnosis rate of the D&M method in T1, T2, T3, and T4 staging was significantly higher than that of MSCT (

P
<
0.05

). The correct diagnosis rate of the D&M method in T1, T3, and T4 was significantly higher than that of DCEUS (

P
<
0.05

). The Youden index of preoperative T1, T2, T3, and T4 staging of GC by the D&M method was 99.49%, 94.44%, 84.13%, and 90.54%, respectively, and the Kappa values of these were 0.954, 0.966, 0.707, and 0.881, respectively. Conclusions. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MSCT combined with DCEUS in the diagnosis of preoperative cT staging of GC has more validity, reliability, and revenue than the using of MSCT or DCEUS alone, which is an image evaluation method worthy of clinical promotion.
Analysis of the Expression Pattern of Cajal-Retzius Cell Markers in the Xenopus laevis Forebrain
Authors: Jiménez Sara , Moreno Nerea
Published: October 2021

Cajal-Retzius cells are essential for cortical development in mammals, and their involvement in the evolution of this structure has been widely postulated, but very little is known about their progenitor domains in non-mammalian vertebrates. Using in situhybridization and immunofluorescence techniques we analyzed the expression of some of the main Cajal-Retzius cell markers such as Dbx1, Ebf3, ER81, Lhx1, Lhx5, p73, Reelin, Wnt3a, Zic1, and Zic2 in the forebrain of the anuran Xenopus laevis, because amphibians are the only class of anamniote tetrapods and show a tetrapartite evaginated pallium, but no layered or nuclear organization. Our results suggested that the Cajal-Retzius cell progenitor domains were comparable to those previously described in amniotes. Thus, at dorsomedial telencephalic portions a region comparable to the cortical hem was defined in Xenopus based on the expression of Wnt3a, p73, Reelin, Zic1, and Zic2. In the septum, two different domains were observed: a periventricular dorsal septum, at the limit between the pallium and the subpallium, expressing Reelin, Zic1, and Zic2, and a related septal domain, expressing Ebf3, Zic1, and Zic2. In the lateral telencephalon, the ventral pallium next to the pallio-subpallial boundary, the lack of Dbx1 and the unique expression of Reelin during development defined this territory as the most divergent with respect to mammals. Finally, we also analyzed the expression of these markers at the prethalamic eminence region, suggested as Cajal-Retzius progenitor domain in amniotes, observing there Zic1, Zic2, ER81, and Lhx1 expression. Our data show that in anurans there are different subtypes and progenitor domains of Cajal-Retzius cells, which probably contribute to the cortical regional specification and territory-specific properties. This supports the notion that the basic organization of pallial derivatives in vertebrates follows a comparable fundamental arrangement, even in those that do not have a sophisticated stratified cortical structure like the mammalian cerebral cortex.
Irradiar a independência do México para a população – Hidalgo ou Iturbide? Uma pedagogia cívica
Authors: Suárez de la Torre Laura , Soares Gabriela Pellegrino , Scarelli Rafael Dias
Published: October 2021

Este artigo lança luz sobre diferentes suportes impressos que se prestaram à construção de narrativas sobre os movimentos independentistas que deram origem ao México. Dos calendários aos catecismos, desde cedo se demarcou o terreno dos repertórios simbólicos que balizariam os cidadãos na transição para uma nova ordem.