bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Winemaking and Its Subsets; Biodynamic, Natural, and Clean Wine in California
Authors: Maykish Adeline , Rex Robert , Sikalidis Angelos K.
Published: January 2021

From the ancient times, when wine/oenos was described as “Wine, the benevolent demon” by ancient Greek gastronomist and philosopher Athinaios in “Dipnosofistes”, to modern days, the craft has seen significant fruition. The wine industry has evolved over time, and more so recently, to encompass many different subsets, one of which is the organic wine market. The organic wine industry has grown in recent years, especially in California. This rapid gain in interest has resulted in the evolution of several subsets, including biodynamic, natural, and clean wine. While biodynamic and natural wine, function more as a fulfillment of niche markets, clean wine may provide benefits for consumers that otherwise suffer from side effects of wine consumption. Low sulfite levels and lack of histamines in clean wine plausibly decrease headaches and adverse effects some consumers experience when drinking wine. An overview of the organic wine industry and its evolution with potential contributions to consumers, with an emphasis on clean wine, is discussed herein.
In Silico Characterization of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Campylobacter Isolates Recovered from Food Sources and Sporadic Human Illness
Authors: Wadie Bishoy , Abdel-Fattah Mohamed A. , Yousef Alshymaa , Mouftah Shaimaa F. , Elhadidy Mohamed , Salem Tamer Z.
Published: January 2021

Campylobacter spp. represents the most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide with the potential to cause serious sequelae. The ability of Campylobacter to survive stressful environmental conditions has been directly linked with food-borne illness. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules play an important role as defense systems against antimicrobial agents and are considered an invaluable strategy harnessed by bacterial pathogens to survive in stressful environments. Although TA modules have been extensively studied in model organisms such as Escherichia coli K12, the TA landscape in Campylobacter remains largely unexplored. Therefore, in this study, a comprehensive in silico screen of 111 Campylobacter (90 C.jejuni and 21 C.coli) isolates recovered from different food and clinical sources was performed. We identified 10 type II TA systems belonging to four TA families predicted in Campylobacter genomes. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the clonal population structure and distribution of TA modules; more specifically, most (12/13) of the Campylobacter isolates belonging to ST-21 isolates possess HicB-HicA TA modules. Finally, we observed a high degree of shared synteny among isolates bearing certain TA systems or even coexisting pairs of TA systems. Collectively, these findings provide useful insights about the distribution of TA modules in a heterogeneous pool of Campylobacter isolates from different sources, thus developing a better understanding regarding the mechanisms by which these pathogens survive stressful environmental conditions, which will further aid in the future designing of more targeted antimicrobials.
Geotourism—Examining Tools for Sustainable Development
Authors: Frey Marie-Luise
Published: January 2021

From the middle of the 1990s, geotourism was introduced through the first geotrails, their evolution, and the first geopark worldwide in Gerolstein/Vulkaneifel, Germany. The latter is one of the founding members of the European Geoparks Network, which was established in 2000 at the International Tourism Bourse (ITB) in Berlin. The main goal of the first geopark was to link geological heritage with tourism in a rural area that was trying to create new perspectives to inspire young people to stay in their home territory. Geotourism was initiated as part of sustainable tourist development and for future sustainable development at that time in the Gerolstein region. The first steps to implement the Gerolstein/Vulkaneifel Geopark, Germany, were taken in 1992. The core aspects included geological heritage, science transfer, and education as tools for developing geotourism in the broad sense and integrating local people and municipalities in the geopark activities of the rural region. Close collaboration with the local and regional tourism organizations highlighted the need to both define tools and demonstrate their success. Up to now, practice has shown that such success can be demonstrated by the infrastructure created, as well as adjacent measures and activities. A network of factors was determined to play a significant role in ensuring the successful sustainable development in a geopark across the field of geotourism. There are many activities and publications on geological heritage, geosite assessment, significance, and use, but there are fewer which reflect on the network of factors highlighted in this contribution which were first presented in 2002. In many publications and investigations, one factor in particular is emphasized, e.g., infrastructure development, such as panels or other items. Not all of the mentioned factors, however, are being addressed. As a result, a selection of good practice examples of UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGP) working on the network-oriented conceptual basis has been studied here, in line with the conceptual principle set forth about 25 years ago. The geopark examples in this study include Lesvos Island UGGp (Greece), Naturtejo UGGP (Portugal), Vulkaneifel UGGp (Germany), and Hong Kong UGGP (China), as well as the example of the Messel Pit World Heritage Site (WHS) (Germany). The latter was integrated to present an example which is not a geopark, showing that this concept can also be transferred to a WHS as a tool for sustainable development according the UN 2030 Agenda. The information on the development of the selected examples was obtained by visiting the geopark territory and from the geopark’s websites and published material as a combined methodology.
A Geospatial Approach for Mapping the Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Risk at the European Scale
Authors: Bozzoni Francesca , Bonì Roberta , Conca Daniele , Meisina Claudia , Lai Carlo G. , Zuccolo Elisa
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a geospatial methodology for zoning the earthquake-induced soil liquefaction risk at a continental scale and set-up in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment by coupling data-driven and knowledge-driven approaches. It is worth mentioning that liquefaction is a phenomenon of soil instability occurring at a very local spatial scale; thus, the mega-zonation of liquefaction risk at a continental scale is a hard facing challenge. Since the risk from natural disasters is the convolution of hazard, vulnerability, and exposure, the liquefaction risk mapping is based on the combination of geospatial explanatory variables, available at the continental scale, of the previously listed three assumed independent random variables. First, by applying a prediction model calibrated for Europe, the probability of liquefaction is mapped for the whole continent. Then, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is adopted to identify areas that have a high risk of liquefaction, taking into account proxy data for exposure. The maps are computed for different levels of severity of ground shaking specified by three return periods (i.e., 475, 975, and 2475 years). A broad variety of stakeholders would benefit from the outcomes of this study, such as civil protection organizations, insurance and re-insurance companies, and infrastructure operators.
Design and Validation of the Scale TDV-VP Teen Dating Violence: Victimisation and Perpetration [Violencia en Parejas Adolescentes: Victimización y Perpetración] for Spanish Speakers
Authors: Soriano-Ayala Encarnación , Sanabria-Vals María , Cala Verónica C.
Published: January 2021

Background: This study offers the design and validation of a scale for measuring violence in adolescent couples from the perspective of victimisation and perpetration for young Spanish speakers. Method: Validation study using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with online self-selected sampling and the participation of 422 subjects who met the requirements of being between 13 and 21 years old and currently or recently having a partner. Results: A scale of victimisation in adolescent partner relationships was obtained with 25 items and a scale of violence perpetration with 22 items. Both scales presented five factors: psychological violence, verbal violence, control, jealousy, and sexual violence. Significant differences were found between men and women in victimisation and perpetration of sexual violence. Conclusions: The Teen Dating Violence—Victimisation and Perpetration (TDV)—VP complies with the reliability and validity indices, constituting a very useful instrument for the detection and measurement of violence in Spanish-speaking adolescent couples in health-promotion work.
Being a Gambler during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study with Italian Patients and the Effects of Reduced Exposition
Authors: Donati Maria Anna , Cabrini Silvia , Capitanucci Daniela , Primi Caterina , Smaniotto Roberta , Avanzi Maurizio , Quadrelli Eleonora , Bielli Giovanna , Casini Alfredo , Roaro Alessandra
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, with the consequent lockdown of about 3 months, can be viewed as an experimental model to observe the impact of the depletion of environmental factors that stimulate gambling, particularly electronic gambling machines (EGMs) that were set to zero. The effects of some structural characteristics of gambling activities that increase gambling behavior were studied among disordered gamblers in treatment in this unique scenario. In fact, studies investigating the effects of the lockdown on problem gamblers (PGs) under treatment are missing. The aims of this study were to analyze patients’ gambling behavior and craving during the lockdown and to conduct a comparison between gambling disorder (GD) symptoms at the beginning of the treatment and during lockdown. The study was conducted in Italy, the European country with the largest gambling market and the first to be affected by the virus. Data were collected through a semi-structured telephone interview conducted by healthcare professionals. Participants were 135 PGs under treatment (109 males, mean age = 50.07). Results showed that most PGs achieved a significant improvement in their quality of life, with less gambling behavior, GD symptoms, and lower craving. No shift toward online gambling and very limited shift towards other potential addictive and excessive behaviors occurred. The longer the treatment, the more monitoring is present and the better the results in terms of symptoms reduction. Individual and environmental characteristics during the lockdown favored the reduction in symptoms. Consideration for prevention and treatment are discussed.
Mentoring New and Early-Stage Investigators and Underrepresented Minority Faculty for Research Success in Health-Related Fields: An Integrative Literature Review (2010–2020)
Authors: Ransdell Lynda , Lane Taylor , Schwartz Anna , Wayment Heidi , Baldwin Julie
Published: January 2021

Mentoring to develop research skills is an important strategy for facilitating faculty success. The purpose of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review to examine the barriers and facilitators to mentoring in health-related research, particularly for three categories: new investigators (NI), early-stage investigators (ESI) and underrepresented minority faculty (UMF). PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed were searched for papers published in English from 2010 to 2020, and 46 papers were reviewed. Most papers recommended having multiple mentors and many recommended assessing baseline research skills. Barriers and facilitators were both individual and institutional. Individual barriers mentioned most frequently were a lack of time and finding work–life balance. UMF mentioned barriers related to bias, discrimination and isolation. Institutional barriers included lack of mentors, lack of access to resources, and heavy teaching and service loads. UMF experienced institutional barriers such as devaluation of experience or expertise. Individual facilitators were subdivided and included writing and synthesis as technical skills, networking and collaborating as interpersonal skills, and accountability, leadership, time management, and resilience/grit as personal skills. Institutional facilitators included access to mentoring, professional development opportunities, and workload assigned to research. Advocacy for diversity and cultural humility were included as unique interpersonal and institutional facilitators for UMF. Several overlapping and unique barriers and facilitators to mentoring for research success for NI, ESI and UMF in the health-related disciplines are presented.
Ball Impact Position in Recreational Male Padel Players: Implications for Training and Injury Management
Authors: Sánchez-Alcaraz Bernardino Javier , Martínez-Gallego Rafael , Llana Salvador , Vučković Goran , Muñoz Diego , Courel-Ibáñez Javier , Sánchez-Pay Alejandro , Ramón-Llin Jesús
Published: January 2021

Racket sports such as padel are characterized by the repetition of unilateral gestures, which can lead to negative adaptations like asymmetries or overuse musculoskeletal injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in ball impact positions (i.e., forward or backward of the center of gravity) in nine stroke types in a sample of forty-eight recreational male padel players. The sample included 14,478 shots corresponding to 18 matches from six tournaments. Forty-eight male padel players were classified into two groups according to their level: trained (n = 24) and novice (n = 24). Type of stroke and ball impact position were registered using a computerized motion tracking video system. The ball impact position was computed from the distance (cm) between the coordinates of the ball and the player’s center of gravity. Results show that trained players hit the ball in a more backward position (from 11 to 25 cm, compared to novice) in serve and offensive strokes (volleys, trays, and smashes) but used more forward strokes (from 7 to 32 cm, compared to novice) in defensive shots (groundstrokes, wall strokes, and lobs). Because the current differential variables are trainable and demonstrated to be of relevance for performance, the findings of this study may assist padel coaches in designing proper training plans to improve effectiveness and to prevent musculoskeletal injuries regarding the type of stroke and ball impact position. Such knowledge may constitute a very important factor affecting technique, biomechanics, and injury management in padel players of different competitive levels.
Does Urinary Incontinence and Mode of Delivery Affect Postpartum Depression? A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea
Authors: Nam Jin Young , Park Eun-Cheol , Cho Eun
Published: January 2021

We investigated the association between urinary incontinence and postpartum depression. Data were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort and included women who delivered between 2004 and 2013. Postpartum depression was determined using diagnostic codes during the six-month postpartum period. Urinary incontinence was identified as having a prescription of incontinence drugs or a diagnosis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios. Of the 83,066 women, 5393 (6.49%) had urinary incontinence and 691 (0.83%) had postpartum depression. Postpartum depression was higher among women with urinary incontinence, aged 15–19 years, ≥40 years old, the lowest income level, and who underwent cesarean section delivery. In the combined analysis, women with urinary incontinence and cesarean section had an approximately three times higher risk of postpartum depression compared with those without urinary incontinence and with spontaneous delivery. Women without urinary incontinence and cesarean section, and those with urinary incontinence and spontaneous delivery were at higher risk of postpartum depression compared with the reference group. Urinary incontinence and cesarean section delivery were significantly associated with postpartum depression during the first six months after childbirth. Therefore, further research should be conducted to evaluate whether urinary incontinence contributes to postpartum depression.
Depression in Children and Adolescents on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Associations with Resilience and Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Eli Buzohre , Zhou Yueyue , Liang Yiming , Cheng Jin , Wang Jiazhou , Huang Changbing , Xuan Xi , Liu Zhengkui
Published: January 2021

Depression in children and adolescents has become a serious public health problem worldwide. The objectives of this study were twofold: first, to investigate the status of depression among children and adolescents on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the highest plateau in the world, with an average altitude of more than 4200 m (13,776 feet), and second, to examine the associations among prosocial behavior, resilience, and depression. A cross-sectional study was conducted among children and adolescents from Yushu Prefecture on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A total of 11,160 participants aged 10–17 years (Mage = 14.34 years, SD = 1.77; 51.4% girls) were included. Self-reported depression, resilience, and prosocial behavior were assessed. The prevalence of depression was 29.2% in the current study. Higher levels of prosocial behavior were significantly associated with lower levels of depression (β = −0.25, p < 0.001). Furthermore, resilience significantly moderated the relationship between prosocial behavior and depression (β = −0.08, p < 0.001); that is, resilience enhanced the protective role of prosocial behavior in depression. These findings indicate that resilience may play an important role in the associations between prosocial behavior and depression, which suggests that improving resilience is essential for the prevention and intervention of depression among children and adolescents on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Individual Social Capital and Life Satisfaction among Mainland Chinese Adults: Based on the 2016 China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Li Wenjun , Sun Haiyan , Xu Wen , Ma Wenyuan , Yuan Xin , Niu Yaling , Kou Changgui
Published: January 2021

Background: At present, most Chinese adults are under great psychological pressure, which seriously affects the improvement of life satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to shed light on the associations between individual social capital and life satisfaction among mainland Chinese adults. Methods: We used a nationally representative dataset called 2016 China Family Panel Studies, and a total of 26,009 people suited our study requirements. Chi-squared test and binary regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between individual social capital and life satisfaction among mainland Chinese adults. Results: The results indicated that cognitive social capital had significant effects on life satisfaction (p < 0.05), but the impact of structural social capital on life satisfaction became less significant when combined with sociodemographic variables and socioeconomic status (SES) (p > 0.05). Moreover, we also found that life satisfaction was better in married/cohabited (p < 0.05) and in over 65 age group people (p < 0.05). Self-rated income level, self-rated social status, and self-rated health all had positive effects on life satisfaction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Given the stabilizing effect of cognitive social capital at the individual level on life satisfaction, the government should attach great importance to this aspect when trying to improve adults’ life satisfaction.
The Effects of Air Pollution, Sea Exposure and Altitude on COVID-19 Hospitalization Rates in Italy
Authors: Cascetta Ennio , Henke Ilaria , Di Francesco Luigi
Published: January 2021

Early known cases of COVID-19 emerged in late 2019 in the city of Wuhan (China) and in a relatively short time, it has reached more than 200 countries up to July 2020. In Italy, from 21 February 2020, (first official Italian positive case of COVID-19) until 27 July 2020, 246,286 confirmed cases were observed of which over 68,150 (28%) needed hospitalization and 35,112 died. In recent scientific research, it has been shown that the severity of symptoms and mortality rates were different not only among the various countries of the world but also in different regions of the same country. This research investigates whether and by how much air environmental conditions (such as exposure to fine particulate matter-PM2.5, sea air masses and altitude) influences the risk of hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Italy, once the spreading of the virus and the percentage of the elderly in the population have been accounted for. A log-linear multiple regression model was estimated where the log of the ratio of hospitalized patients per inhabitant, since the beginning of the epidemic up to July 27, has been considered as a dependent variable. Among the independent variables, the ones that have been taken into account are the spreading of the virus, the rate of people over 50 years of age, the concentration of PM2.5, the rate of population living by the sea, the rate of green public space for each resident and the ratio of population living at a high altitude. The results showed an increase in the hospitalization rate in terms of the percentage of people over 50 and the average concentration of PM2.5. If average limits of PM2.5 concentration allowed by the current European regulations (25 µg/m3) were respected in all Italian provinces, that would have led to 7339 less hospitalizations for COVID-19 (−11%). On the contrary, near the coast there were lower hospitalized cases in the referred period. In the hypothetical case that no Italians lived near the sea, about 1363 (+2%) more hospitalizations would have been recorded in the analysis period in addition to the effect of a lower PM concentration. This paper wanted to investigate which are the areas with a higher risk of hospitalization in Italy, so as to help the Italian Government to strengthen Health System measures, predicting the most suffering areas and health care systems. According to the results, this is directly related to the severity of symptoms which decreased with the long-time exposure to the sea.
Prioritizing Community-Based Intervention Programs for Improving Treatment Compliance of Patients with Chronic Diseases: Applying an Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Byun Do Hwa , Chang Rho Soon , Park Myung-Bae , Son Hyo-Rim , Kim Chun-Bae
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to apply multicriteria decision making and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model for assessing sustainable management of hypertension and diabetes. Perception of two alternative health care priorities was also investigated. One priority was improving treatment compliance of patients with hypertension and diabetes. The other priority was strengthening the healthcare system for continuous care. Our study design to evaluate community-based intervention programs for hypertension and diabetes was developed using brainstorming, Delphi techniques, and content analysis along with literature review. We finally proposed a hierarchical structure of the AHP model with 50 third sub-criteria in six levels. By surveying this AHP questionnaire to a total of 185 community health practitioners in Korea, we found that improving treatment compliance of patients with chronic diseases should be relatively more important than strengthening the healthcare system. Further research is needed to expand survey subjects to primary care physicians and even policymakers of central government for the appropriate application of this AHP model.
The Variability of Nitrogen Forms in Soils Due to Traditional and Precision Agriculture: Case Studies in Poland
Authors: Podlasek Anna , Koda Eugeniusz , Vaverková Magdalena Daria
Published: January 2021

The soil and human health issues are closely linked. Properly managed nitrogen (N) does not endanger human health and increases crop production, nevertheless when overused and uncontrolled, can contribute to side effects. This research was intended to highlight that there is a need for carrying out monitoring studies in agricultural areas in order to expand the available knowledge on the content of N forms in agricultural lands and proper management in farming practice. The impact of two types of fertilization, concerning spatially variable (VRA) and uniform (UNI) N dose, on the distribution of N forms in soils was analyzed. The analysis was performed on the basis of soil monitoring data from agricultural fields located in three different experimental sites in Poland. The analyses performed at selected sites were supported by statistical evaluation and recognition of spatial diversification of N forms in soil. It was revealed that the movement of unused N forms to deeper parts of the soil, and therefore to the groundwater system, is more limited due to VRA fertilization. Finally, it was also concluded that the management in agricultural practice should be based on the prediction of spatial variability of soil properties that allow to ensure proper application of N fertilizers, resulting in the reduction of possible N losses.
A Tourist Attraction Recommendation Model Fusing Spatial, Temporal, and Visual Embeddings for Flickr-Geotagged Photos
Authors: Han Shanshan , Liu Cuiming , Chen Keyun , Gui Dawei , Du Qingyun
Published: January 2021

The rapid development of social media data, including geotagged photos, has benefited the research of tourism geography; additionally, tourists’ increasing demand for personalized travel has encouraged more researchers to pay attention to tourism recommendation models. However, few studies have comprehensively considered the content and contextual information that may influence the recommendation accuracy, especially tourist attractions’ visual content due to redundant and noisy geotagged photos; therefore, we propose a tourist attraction recommendation model for Flickr-geotagged photos which fuses spatial, temporal, and visual embeddings (STVE). After spatial clustering and extracting visual embeddings of tourist attractions’ representative images, the spatial and temporal embeddings are modeled with the Word2Vec negative sampling strategy, and the visual embeddings are fused with Matrix Factorization and Bayesian Personalized Ranking. The combination of these two parts comprises our proposed STVE model. The experimental results demonstrate that our STVE model outperforms other baseline models. We also analyzed the parameter sensitivity and component performance to prove the performance superiority of our model.
Estrogen Receptors: Therapeutic Perspectives for the Treatment of Cardiac Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: da Silva Jaqueline S. , Montagnoli Tadeu L. , Rocha Bruna S. , Tacco Matheus L. C. A. , Marinho Sophia C. P. , Zapata-Sudo Gisele
Published: January 2021

Estrogen receptors (ER) mediate functions beyond their endocrine roles, as modulation of cardiovascular, renal, and immune systems through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, preventing necrosis of cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, and attenuating cardiac hypertrophy. Estradiol (E2) prevents cardiac dysfunction, increases nitric oxide synthesis, and reduces the proliferation of vascular cells, yielding protective effects, regardless of gender. Such actions are mediated by ER (ER-alpha (ERα), ER-beta (ERβ), or G protein-coupled ER (GPER)) through genomic or non-genomic pathways, which regulate cardiovascular function and prevent tissue remodeling. Despite the extensive knowledge on the cardioprotective effects of estrogen, clinical studies conducted on myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiovascular diseases still include favorable and unfavorable profiles. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information regarding molecular, preclinical, and clinical aspects of cardiovascular E2 effects and ER modulation as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MI-induced cardiac dysfunction.
Arabidopsis bZIP18 and bZIP52 Accumulate in Nuclei Following Heat Stress where They Regulate the Expression of a Similar Set of Genes
Authors: Wiese Anna J. , Steinbachová Lenka , Timofejeva Ljudmilla , Čermák Vojtěch , Klodová Božena , Ganji Ranjani S. , Limones-Mendez Mariana , Bokvaj Pavel , Hafidh Said , Potěšil David , Honys David
Published: January 2021

Heat stress (HS) is a major abiotic stress that negatively impacts crop yields across the globe. Plants respond to elevated temperatures by changing gene expression, mediated by transcription factors (TFs) functioning to enhance HS tolerance. The involvement of Group I bZIP TFs in the heat stress response (HSR) is not known. In this study, bZIP18 and bZIP52 were investigated for their possible role in the HSR. Localization experiments revealed their nuclear accumulation following heat stress, which was found to be triggered by dephosphorylation. Both TFs were found to possess two motifs containing serine residues that are candidates for phosphorylation. These motifs are recognized by 14–3–3 proteins, and bZIP18 and bZIP52 were found to bind 14–3–3 ε, the interaction of which sequesters them to the cytoplasm. Mutation of both residues abolished 14–3–3 ε interaction and led to a strict nuclear localization for both TFs. RNA-seq analysis revealed coordinated downregulation of several metabolic pathways including energy metabolism and translation, and upregulation of numerous lncRNAs in particular. These results support the idea that bZIP18 and bZIP52 are sequestered to the cytoplasm under control conditions, and that heat stress leads to their re-localization to nuclei, where they jointly regulate gene expression.
miR-378a-3p Participates in Metformin’s Mechanism of Action on C2C12 Cells under Hyperglycemia
Authors: Machado Ivo F. , Teodoro João S. , Castela Ana C. , Palmeira Carlos M. , Rolo Anabela P.
Published: January 2021

Metformin is the most used biguanide drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite being mostly known for its hepatic anti-gluconeogenic effect, it is also known to modulate microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) associated with metabolic diseases. The latter mechanism could be relevant for better understanding metformin’s mechanisms underlying its biological effects. In the current work, we found that metformin increases miR-378a-3p expression (p < 0.002) in C2C12 myoblasts previously exposed to hyperglycemic conditions. While the inhibition of miR-378a-3p was shown to impair metformin’s effect in ATP production, PEPCK activity and the expression of Tfam. Finally, mitophagy, an autophagic process responsible for the selective degradation of mitochondria, was found to be induced by miR-378a-3p (p < 0.04). miR-378a-3p stimulated mitophagy through a process independent of sestrin-2 (SESN2), a stress-responsible protein that has been recently demonstrated to positively modulate mitophagy. Our findings provide novel insights into an alternative mechanism of action of metformin involving miR-378a-3, which can be used in the future for the development of improved therapeutic strategies against metabolic diseases.
Upaya Peningkatan Pelayanan Pengolahan Makanan di Instalasi Gizi RSUD X Kota Solok
Authors: Adhyka Nurmaines , Machmud Rizanda
Published: January 2021

One of the hospital functions is to providing medical treatment and health recovery service according to regulation. Nutritional installation has one of important facilities that director of hospital had to pay attention. This process starts form planning, producing and distributing food for patient. The important role from this section is providing food to reach suitability diet for patient, it intended to cure the patient and prevent a complication, decrease morbidity and mortality patient. This study purpose to determine the root cause problem in nutritional installation in RSUD X and the alternative solution problems guided by guidelines and regulations of the minister of health. The research method was a field research which data collected by observation, interview and literature review. The result found there had been four factor based on fish bone analysis and the most effective one is makes Nutrition Installation Service Guide.
« Pourquoi donc tous ces chasseurs-cueilleurs font-ils des tombes doubles ? »
Authors: Boulestin Bruno
Published: January 2021

En 2004, dans son ouvrage sur les morts d’accompagnement, Alain Testart soulevait deux questions auxquelles il n’apportait pas de réponse définitive, se contentant de suggérer quelques pistes de réflexion : «Pourquoi donc tous ces chasseurs-cueilleurs font-ils des tombes doubles ? Et pourquoi en font-ils tant ? » Le présent article revient sur ces questions, en envisageant les différentes raisons pouvant conduire à inhumer simultanément plusieurs morts dans une même sépulture et en essayant de déterminer quelles sont les plus probables chez les chasseurs-cueilleurs. Une première explication possible est qu’à des inhumations simultanées correspondent des décès survenus à différents moments, éventualité non identifiable par l’archéologie si des processus naturels ou artificiels ont retardé ou stoppé temporairement la décomposition. Or, au Paléolithique, la préservation naturelle du cadavre par le froid devait être un phénomène relativement fréquent dans certaines régions. Par ailleurs, la conservation artificielle du corps est attestée par l’ethnographie chez les chasseurs-cueilleurs, y compris mobiles, qui, en outre, transportent parfois leurs morts, notamment les enfants. Dans l’hypothèse où à une inhumation simultanée correspondent des décès concomitants, ceux-ci peuvent être indépendants ou dépendants. Le premier cas est une explication des tombes multiples vraiment très peu probable. Le second se subdivise selon que les décès sont dus à une cause commune ou que l’un d’entre eux va conduire aux autres (enchaînement). Les causes communes (famines, épidémies, conflits armés) expliquent sans doute une bonne part des tombes multiples. L’enchaînement renvoie essentiellement à la pratique des morts d’accompagnement, dont différentes formes sont possibles, et qui elle aussi peut expliquer une partie de ces tombes. Même la forme hiérarchique reste une possibilité ouverte pour le Paléolithique. Finalement, il y a plusieurs explications à ce que les chasseurs-cueilleurs fassent des tombes doubles ou multiples. Quant au taux important de ces tombes, il peut refléter des divergences dans certains comportements entre chasseurs-cueilleurs et producteurs, mais on ne peut écarter un biais, c’est-à-dire que des décès concomitants ont pu conduire les premiers à préférer l’inhumation à d’autres pratiques.
Formes d’ érosion prémégalithiques et postmégalithiques sur les menhirs de calcaire du causse Méjean (Lozère)
Authors: Sellier Dominique
Published: January 2021

Les mégalithes portent des marques d’érosion antérieures à leur construction, lorsqu’ils proviennent de blocs rocheux initialement situés à l’affleurement, et des marques d’érosion postérieures à leur élévation, organisées à partir de leur sommet. Les premières sont des formes prémégalithiques (vasques latérales, rainures,...) et renseignent sur l’origine des blocs utilisés comme mégalithes. Les secondes sont des formes postmégalithiques (vasques sommitales, sillons, lapiés...) et renseignent sur les modalités et sur la vitesse de l’érosion au cours des derniers millénaires, l’édification du monument servant en l’occurrence de marqueur chronologique. Le causse Méjean comprend des menhirs de calcaire dont les marques d’érosion ont été examinées selon une méthode appliquée par ailleurs sur des mégalithes de granite ou de schiste. Cette méthode comprend quatre niveaux d’analyse relatifs à la forme générale des blocs utilisés comme menhirs, à la morphologie des pans (notamment des faces d’affleurement et des faces d’arrachement), à la caractérisation des formes prémégalithiques ou postmégalithiques et aux états de surface des menhirs. Elle s’applique ici à des formes d’origine karstique ou périglaciaire. Elle contribue à illustrer l’intérêt d’une double approche, archéologique et géomorphologique dans l’étude des mégalithes.
Segmentation technique, segmentation sociale ? Tester l’hypothèse au Paléolithique supérieur
Authors: Pesesse Damien
Published: January 2021

The description of lithic assemblages focuses carefully on describing how functional aims are organized. These aims are often considered as a system of binary opposites : weapon/ tool, domestic/ hunting. Gradually, the idea that the partition between the production of weapons and collective tools reflects a form of social partition took root (Bon, 2009). We call this hypothesis double segmentation. It entails a direct correspondence between these two modes of organization. This partition cannot be demonstrated for the transformation or the use of tools, but it can be considered for the production of blanks. We will thus test this hypothesis here. It is based on the pretext that the Upper Palaeolithic involves “ a clearer individuation of the social actors” in comparison with the Middle Palaeolithic (Valentin and Bon, 2012, p. 180). These authors draw on the idea that objects participate in stabilizing intersubjective relations, following the work of S. Strum and B. Latour (1987/ 2006). Several integration methods exist for assessing Upper Palaeolithic functional aims. A methodological framework was thus established to incorporate these different methods, based on the theoretical organization of the products in the operational chain and the operational sequence. This first grid shows that neither the partition of production activities or their imbrication allows us to directly link both parts of the hypothesis. A second grid was thus established. It lists the operational configurations established for the Chatelperronian and the Laborian in the southwest of France to define how these two records of activities are linked. This is the first overall synthesis of the organization of production at the scale of the Upper Palaeolithic in France. It brings to light a wide diversity of solutions and shows that the separation between weapons and tools is not the dominant configuration at this level of analysis. However, we cannot infer that there is no social partition of activities during this long period. As we cannot link both sides of the hypothesis, this appears to imply that it is false. It is thus appropriate to explore the current paradigms leading to this proposal. Several pitfalls have been observed. The first concerns the binary system of categorization : weapons versus common tools, which is a limiting factor (Tartar et al., 2006). In certain cases, this does not necessarily involve the production of two different categories of blanks, but of an assemblage that is differentiated after production (Perlès, 1991), which then becomes “ a weapon by destination”. It is thus the use of the blank that defines its role rather than the pre-existence of distinct categories. This appears to be true for several categories of objects, such as the Chatelperron blank (Pelegrin,
Environnement végétal et collecte du bois de feu au Néolithique dans le sud du bassin de l’Escaut (5 200-2 200 BC)
Authors: Salavert Aurélie , Boulen Muriel , Courbay Sylvie , Dufraisse Alexa , Amposta Arielle , Bostyn Françoise , Constantin Claude , Martial Emmanuelle , Monchablon Cécile , Negroni Sabine , Panloups Elisabeth , Praud Ivan
Published: January 2021

Cette comparaison des résultats palynologiques (73 spectres) et anthracologiques (9 sites, 305 prélèvements) a pour but d’appréhender l’environnement dans lequel les sites sont implantés et la dynamique de la végétation au cours du Néolithique dans le sud du bassin de l’Escaut. Les premiers groupes néolithiques sont arrivés dans un milieu où prédominent le tilleul, le noisetier et le chêne. Dans les assemblages anthracologiques du Rubané (5 200-5 000 BC), la domination du noisetier pourrait être liée à un retard dans la reconquête de la chênaie aux sources de la Dendre, mais aussi à des pratiques humaines mésolithiques antérieures. Le tilleul est sous-représenté dans les ressources en bois de feu par rapport à sa disponibilité près des sites néolithiques. Durant la seconde moitié de l’Atlantique, l’environnement ligneux évolue peu, sauf l’aulnaie qui se développe en fond de vallée. Les communautés du groupe de Spiere (4 200-3 800 BC) ont parcouru des milieux diversifiés pour la collecte du combustible. Le chêne est généralement largement dominant posant la question de sa surreprésentation en anthracologie au détriment du tilleul et du noisetier encore bien visibles en palynologie. La ripisylve est bien enregistrée par l’anthracologie, à différent stade de son développement. L’aulnaie mature n’est visible que sur les sites à enceinte et la collecte des lisières à Maloideae sont particulièrement marquées à cette période. Au Subboréal, on assiste à une augmentation de l’humidité atmosphérique avec l’arrivée du hêtre (en palynologie) et de l’if (en anthracologie). Les groupes du Deûle-Escaut (2 900-2 200 BC) ont collecté leur combustible au sein de la chênaie-frênaie et, selon les sites, les lisières sur sols sec (sites d’habitat) ou l’aulnaie mature (sites à enceinte). L’importance de la ripisylve et du frêne peut être corrélée à la localisation des sites en bordure de berge, mais peut-être aussi, par les modalités d’aménagement de ces zones humides. En plus de l’if, l’érable est également caractéristique de la période.
Implikasi Praktis Konsep Anugerah Bagi Orang Percaya Berdasarkan Surat Roma 3:23-24
Authors: Gulo Jetorius
Published: January 2021

Konsep pemikiran dan cara pandang sebagai orang percaya harus berfokus pada anugerah/kasih karunia Allah yang diberikan secara cuma-cuma. Keselamatan orang percaya atas karya Tuhan Yesus diatas kayu salib. Anugerah memunyai konsep dasar demikian: “yang memberi tidak berkewajiban, yang menerima tidak mempunyai hak”. Sedangkan konsep “perbuatan baik” adalah “manusia mendapatkan sesuatu karena melakukan sesuatu” seperti layaknya seorang pegawai yang diupah bulanan karena melakukan pekerjaannya selama satu bulan. Kalau seseorang mentaati aturan Alkitab, kalau melakukan amal-ibadah maka orang tersebut akan mendapat pahala, itu adalah konsep “perbuatan baik”. Dimana hal tersebut menunjukkan seseorang belum sadar akan arti penebusan itu. Allah yang penuh kasih sayang terhadap manusia. Dia ingin manusia mengasihi Dia, percaya kepada Dia bagaikan seorang Bapa, mengharapkan seluruh keselamatan dan kebahagiaan hanya dari Dia. Kalau Allah mengampuni manusia yang berdosa, menganugerahkan kepada hidup, bahkan hidup kekal, tujuanNya tidak lain ialah supaya dengan penuh kasih dan percaya kembali kepadaNya.
Peranan Hari Sabat Bagi Kehidupan Orang Percaya Masa Kini
Authors: Waruwu Erlina
Published: January 2021

Dalam perjalanan umat Kristen dari abad ke abad tema hari sabat menjadi kontroversial yakni muncul beragam pandangan bahkan cenderung saling bertolak belakang. Sebagian terdapat kelompok orang Kristen memiliki sikap mengabaikan hukum hari Sabat karena menganggap sama sekali tidak memiliki peranan penting bagi kehidupan orang percaya masa kini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode induktif dan kajian kepustakaan. Alasan teologis menjalankan hari Sabat dan peranannya bagi kehidupan orang percaya. Pertama, berbicara dimensi vertikal agar umat Israel mengenang Allah untuk mengadakan persekutuan yang penuh sukacita dengan-Nya dan mengakui Allah sebagai Pencipta yang mengatur, memelihara, dan memiliki segala sesuatu, termasuk umat Israel. Selain itu, berhubungan dengan dimensi horisontal yang mengingatkan bangsa Israel bagaimana Allah telah melepaskan mereka dari penderitaan sebagai budak di masa lampau, sehingga mereka juga memberikan perhentian kepada seisi keluarganya. Kedua, sebagai hari Sabat perhentian yang diberikan-Nya adalah perhentian sebagai hasil dari kelepasan dari beban dosa dan perhentian eskatologis yang akan diterima semua orang percaya dalam dunia kekal di sorga. Ketiga, sebagai kesempatan untuk beribadah, melayani Allah dan sesama, serta bersekutu dengan sesama. Peranan hari Sabat bagi kehidupan orang percaya mencakup secara keseluruhan yakni secara rohani dan jasmani.
Nachträge zu “Die Lehre des Buddha und das Königshaus des Westuigurischen Reichs: Die vier Begegnungen”
Authors: ZİEME Peter
Published: January 2021

By mistake two text portions are missing in the paper published in JOTS 2020. As AppA and AppB they are here edited as additions. The word forms of these two fragments were already included in the index of the main article.
PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN METODE DWIBAHASA ANTARA BAHASA IBU DENGAN BAHASA INDONESIA DAN BAHASA INDONESIA DENGAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Susanti Yuliana
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted based on the development of education in West Java where the development of international standard schools as an implication of globalization. The curriculum developed in these schools is more concerned with aspects of mastering a foreign language (English) in every educational process. The purpose of this study was (1) to see the dangers found in the process of acquiring a second language (Indonesian) and a third language (English) through elementary school science learning in classes using Sundanese and Indonesian as the language of instruction with classes using the language. Indonesian and English; and (2) to see the emergence of the mother tongue in the science learning process. The research subjects were elementary school students in Bandung Regency, namely in the Solokan Jeruk District and the UPI Laboratory SD Cibiru Campus. Observation data observation techniques on the learning process whose results are described qualitatively. The method of observation is carried out on situations that occur in class. The results showed that students in Solokan Jeruk District still dominantly use Sundanese in the learning process. The teacher tries to adjust the language of instruction to the students' abilities. The teacher also tries to guide students in understanding the subject matter using Indonesian. The results of research at the UPI Laboratory Elementary School Cibiru Campus show that the English language skills of the UPI Laboratory Elementary School students in Cibiru Campus are quite good. Students get to know various English vocabulary about things related to nature. However, the learning process does not seem to apply Sundanese as the language of instruction at all. The suggestion put forward is that the science learning process should not override the preservation of the Sundanese language. Sundanese language can be applied to integrated science learning in tribal languages along with Indonesian and English. It is also hoped that this can improve students' language skills in a more comprehensive manner which is adjusted to the level of student language development
FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DO ELETRICISTA DE LINHAS E DE REDES AÉREAS
Authors: Alves de Aguiar Vivian Emanuelle
Published: January 2021

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a formação profissional do eletricista de linhas e de redes aéreas da Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais, num curso composto por aulas teóricas e práticas, visando verificar a efetividade deste modelo no desenvolvimento de competências. As mudanças no mundo do trabalho, desde o auge do modelo capitalista industrial, têm gerado discussões sobre o papel e o impacto da formação profissional para o desenvolvimento de competências para o trabalho...