bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Aptasensor for Carbendazim Detection
Authors: Pushparajah Suthira , Shafiei Mahnaz , Yu Aimin
Published: January 2025

Carbendazim (CBZ) is used to prevent fungal infections in agricultural crops. Given its high persistence and potential for long-term health effects, it is crucial to quickly identify pesticide residues in food and the environment in order to mitigate excessive exposure. Aptamer-based sensors offer a promising solution for pesticide detection due to their exceptional selectivity, design versatility, ease of use, and affordability. Herein, we report the development of an electrochemical aptasensor for CBZ detection. The sensor was fabricated through a one-step electrodeposition of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Then, a CBZ-specific aptamer was attached via Pt-sulfur bonds. Upon combining CBZ with the aptamer on the electrode surface, the redox reaction of the electrochemical probe K4[Fe(CN)6] is hindered, resulting in a current drop. Under optimized conditions (pH of 7.5 and 25 min of incubation time), the proposed aptasensor showed a linear current reduction to CBZ concentrations between 0.5 and 15 nM. The limit of detection (LOD) for this proposed aptasensor is 0.41 nM. Along with its repeatable character, the aptasensor demonstrated better selectivity for CBZ compared to other potential compounds. The recovery rates for detecting CBZ in skim milk and tap water using the standard addition method were 98% and 96%, respectively. The proposed aptasensor demonstrated simplicity, sensitivity, and selectivity for detecting CBZ with satisfactory repeatability. It establishes a strong foundation for environmental monitoring of CBZ.
Finite Element Model Updating Technique for Super High-Rise Building Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Wang Yancan , Zhao Dongfu , Li Hao
Published: January 2025

To establish a finite element model that accurately represents the dynamic characteristics of actual super high-rise building and improve the accuracy of the finite element simulation results, a finite element model updating method for super high-rise building is proposed based on the response surface method (RSM). Taking a 120 m super high-rise building as the research object, a refined initial finite element model is firstly established, and the elastic modulus and density of the main concrete and steel components in the model are set as the parameters to be updated. A significance analysis was conducted on 16 parameters to be updated including E1–E8, D1–D8, and the first 10 natural frequencies of the structure, and 6 updating parameters are ultimately selected. A sample set of updating parameters was generated using central composite design (CCD) and then applied to the finite element model for calculation. The response surface equations for the first ten natural frequencies were obtained through quadratic polynomial fitting, and the optimal solution of the objective function was determined using a genetic algorithm. The results of the engineering case study indicate that the errors in the first ten natural frequencies of the updated finite element model are all within 5%. The updated model accurately reflects the current situation of the super high-rise building and provides a basis for super high-rise building health monitoring, damage detection, and reliability assessment.
Does Personality Influence the Quality of Life of Patients with Brain Tumors Treated with Radiotherapy?
Authors: Pilarska Agnieszka , Pieczyńska Anna , Adamska Krystyna , Hojan Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

Background: Understanding the role of personality traits in shaping treatment outcomes is crucial given the multifaceted challenges posed by brain tumors and the significant adverse impact of radiotherapy (RT) on patients’ well-being. Purpose: This study aimed to provide insights into how personality traits affect psychosocial well-being and quality of life during RT in patients with high-grade malignant brain tumors. Methods: Personality traits in patients with high-grade glioma were assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R). Quality of life was analyzed using EORTC questionnaires: the Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and the Brain Cancer Module (QLQ-BN20). Patients were evaluated before RT, immediately after 6 weeks of RT, and 3 months post-RT. Results: Neuroticism predicted emotional function only three months post-RT. Extraversion decreased quality of life in global health status (third assessment), role function (second assessment), and emotional function (second and third assessments) but improved cognitive (first assessment) and social function (second assessment). The trait associated with lying was linked to a better quality of life in all domains except physical and cognitive function. Anxiety predicted a lower quality of life in brain tumor patients across all domains at various stages of RT treatment. Conclusions: This study advances our understanding of the psychosocial aspects of brain tumor care by highlighting the influence of personality traits on quality-of-life outcomes during RT. Identifying high-grade glioma patients at greater risk of a diminished quality of life based on personality profiles allows healthcare professionals to tailor interventions to address specific psychosocial needs, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and holistic care during oncological treatment.
Doxycycline Restores Gemcitabine Sensitivity in Preclinical Models of Multidrug-Resistant Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Massa Annamaria , Vita Francesca , Peraldo-Neia Caterina , Varamo Chiara , Basiricò Marco , Raggi Chiara , Bernabei Paola , Erriquez Jessica , Leone Francesco , Aglietta Massimo , Cavalloni Giuliana , Marchiò Serena
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a malignant liver tumor with a rising global incidence and poor prognosis, largely due to late-stage diagnosis and limited effective treatment options. Standard chemotherapy regimens, including cisplatin and gemcitabine, often fail because of the development of multidrug resistance (MDR), leaving patients with few alternative therapies. Doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, has demonstrated antitumor effects across various cancers, influencing cancer cell viability, apoptosis, and stemness. Based on these properties, we investigated the potential of doxycycline to overcome gemcitabine resistance in iCCA. Methods: We evaluated the efficacy of doxycycline in two MDR iCCA cell lines, MT-CHC01R1.5 and 82.3, assessing cell cycle perturbation, apoptosis induction, and stem cell compartment impairment. We assessed the in vivo efficacy of combining doxycycline and gemcitabine in mouse xenograft models. Results: Treatment with doxycycline in both cell lines resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability (IC50 ~15 µg/mL) and induction of apoptosis. Doxycycline also diminished the cancer stem cell population, as indicated by reduced cholangiosphere formation. In vivo studies showed that while neither doxycycline nor gemcitabine alone significantly reduced tumor growth, their combination led to marked decreases in tumor volume and weight at the study endpoint. Additionally, metabolic analysis revealed that doxycycline reduced glucose uptake in tumors, both as a monotherapy and more effectively in combination with gemcitabine. Conclusions: These findings suggest that doxycycline, especially in combination with gemcitabine, can restore chemotherapy sensitivity in MDR iCCA, providing a promising new strategy for improving outcomes in this challenging disease.
Optimization of Electrocatalytic Chlorazol Yellow Degradation Using PbO2 Nanostructure Immobilized on Stainless Steel Substrate
Authors: Islam Md. Fahamidul , Oyshi Tahamida A. , Hosen Nazmul , Hassan Mohammad Jobaer , Shah Syed Shaheen , Rahaman Mostafizur , Aldalbahi Ali , Maiyalagan Thandavarayan , Hasnat Mohammad A.
Published: January 2025

In this study, an electrochemical approach was utilized to degrade the anionic Chlorazol Yellow (CY) dye in an aqueous solution using a lead oxide-modified stainless steel electrode (denoted as PbO2-SS). The fabrication of this electrode involved scanning a clean stainless steel (denoted as SS) plate within a range of −1.0 V to +1.0 V against Ag/AgCl (saturated KCl) for three cycles at a scan rate of 0.1 V s−1 in a 0.1 M Pb(NO3)2 solution. Analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed successful fabrication, with Pb4+ being the predominant species observed in the XPS spectra. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of the fabricated electrode revealed the deposition of PbO2 in a flower-like, nanostructured form on the SS surface. To provide a cost-effective method for dye treatment, the PbO2-SS anode was utilized to oxidize chloride ions (Cl−) into hypochlorite ions (ClO−), which subsequently oxidized CY molecules. Optimization of parameters such as the voltage, supporting electrolytes, and solution pH was conducted to determine the most effective degradation conditions. The method achieved a degradation efficiency of approximately 97% over a wide pH range within 20 min, indicating its applicability across various pH conditions. Consequently, this technique presents a promising approach for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
Design of Morlet Wavelet Neural Networks for Solving the Nonlinear Van der Pol–Mathieu–Duffing Oscillator Model
Authors: Ali Ali Hasan , Amir Muhammad , Rahman Jamshaid Ul , Raza Ali , Arif Ghassan Ezzulddin
Published: January 2025

The motivation behind this study is to simplify the complex mathematical formulations and reduce the time-consuming processes involved in traditional numerical methods for solving differential equations. This study develops a computational intelligence approach with a Morlet wavelet neural network (MWNN) to solve the nonlinear Van der Pol–Mathieu–Duffing oscillator (Vd-PM-DO), including parameter excitation and dusty plasma studies. The proposed technique utilizes artificial neural networks to model equations and optimize error functions using global search with a genetic algorithm (GA) and fast local convergence with an interior-point algorithm (IPA). We develop an MWNN-based fitness function to predict the dynamic behavior of nonlinear Vd-PM-DO differential equations. Then, we apply a novel hybrid approach combining WCA and ABC to optimize this fitness function, and determine the optimal weight and biases for MWNN. Three different variants of the Vd-PM-DO model were numerically evaluated and compared with the reference solution to demonstrate the correctness of the designed technique. Moreover, statistical analyses using twenty trials were conducted to determine the reliability and accuracy of the suggested MWNN-GA-IPA by utilizing mean absolute deviation (MAD), Theil’s inequality coefficient (TIC), and mean square error (MSE).
Gastric Adenocarcinoma Incidentally Detected by PET/CT with PSMA Ligands
Authors: Iacovitti Cesare Michele , Muoio Barbara , Cuzzocrea Marco , Paone Gaetano , Treglia Giorgio
Published: January 2025

Here, we describe the case of a 74-year-old male patient with a high-risk prostate carcinoma who underwent positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with [68Ga]Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen ([68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11) for staging. [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT detected an extensive area of increased tracer uptake at the prostatic level, involving both lobes. Additionally, a rounded lesion approximately 4 cm in diameter was identified in the celiac region adjacent to the stomach, exhibiting moderate tracer uptake. Based on these imaging findings, the patient underwent radiation therapy applied to the prostate and pelvis and a biopsy of the suspected lesion adjacent to the stomach, which was positive for Siewert type III gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (HER2-negative, PDL-1 60%). This case demonstrates the importance of not overlooking incidental tracer uptakes in PSMA PET/CT imaging in the stomach, as they could represent neoplastic lesions.
Can Viewing Modality Affect Frontal Mandibular Bone Height Measurement? A Comparison Between 3D Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine Viewer and Printed Portable Document Format Cone Beam Computer Tomography Reports
Authors: Solomonov Michael , Shapinko Yoav , Lalum Ella , Ben Itzhak Joe , Argaman Sapir , Schottig Matan , Halpern Amit , Yavnai Nirit , Stiklaru Idan
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Buccal cortical bone dimensions are crucial in dental radiology, as they impact orthodontic treatment outcomes. Changes in alveolar bone dimensions can result in malocclusion and require interdisciplinary approaches for correction. The accurate quantification of buccal bone dimensions is crucial for appropriate treatment planning and avoiding medico-legal issues. This study aimed to compare buccal bone height measurements between three-dimensional (3D) digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) data and portable document format (PDF) cone beam computer topography reports for mandibular frontal teeth, testing the hypothesis of no difference in values between the two modalities. Methods: Each of the five observers performed a total of 720 height measurements (360 by DICOM and 360 by PDF), yielding a total of 3600 measurements overall. Results: Compared with the DICOM format, using PDF files was associated with a significantly greater rate of inability to carry out the measurements (8.8% vs. 3%, respectively, p < 0.001, chi-square). The average buccal bone height measured in the DICOM was 11.51 mm, which was significantly greater than the 10.35 mm measured in the PDF (p < 0.001). The mean height measured by the DICOM was consistently greater than that measured by the PDF, with highly significant differences in the findings of four of the examiners (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Viewing modality significantly affected the height of the buccal bone in the frontal mandibular area. Compared with the generated PDF reports, the 3D DICOM viewer performed better than the printed PDF and enabled more measurements in the target area.
Dynamics Between Foreign Portfolio Investment, Stock Price and Financial Development in South Africa: A SVAR Approach
Authors: Sanusi Kazeem Abimbola , Dickason-Koekemoer Zandri
Published: January 2025

The goal of this study is to look into the dynamic relationship between stock prices, foreign portfolio investment, and financial development in the South African economy. Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) provided quarterly time series data from 1960 (Q1) to 2024 (Q2). This study uses a structural VAR estimation approach and dynamic conditional correlation (DCC GARCH model). The DCC GARCH approach displays time-varying correlations between stock prices, credit given to the private sector as a measure of financial growth, and foreign portfolio investments. The dynamic links between stock prices, financial development, and foreign private investment (FPI) are examined using the SVAR technique. Our findings show that a financial development shock encourages and provokes a substantial influx of foreign portfolio investment into the South African economy. This suggests that overseas portfolio investments react favorably and notably well to favorable shocks in the financial development process. We suggest that a stable financial system framework and lower credit costs would strengthen the impact of higher stock prices on private sector credit and guarantee that higher stock prices have a beneficial impact on other financial development metrics. Better financial development metrics, such as credit to the private sector, will therefore increase foreign portfolio investment.
Bayesian Adaptive Detection for Distributed MIMO Radar with Insufficient Training Data
Authors: Li Hongli , Liu Ming , Chang Chunhe , Li Binbin , Zhou Bilei , Chen Hao , Liu Weijian
Published: January 2025

The distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar observes targets from different angles, which can overcome the adverse effects of target glint and avoid the situation where the target’s tangential flight cannot be effectively detected by the radar, thus providing great advantages in target detection. However, distributed MIMO often encounters a scarcity of training samples for target detection. To overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes a Bayesian approach. By modeling the target signal as a subspace signal, where each transmit–receive pair possesses a distinct and unknown covariance matrix governed by an inverse Wishart distribution, three efficient detectors are devised based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), Rao, and Wald criteria. Comparative analysis with existing detectors reveals that the proposed Bayesian detectors exhibit superior performance, particularly in scenarios with limited training data. Experimental results demonstrate that the Bayesian GLRT achieves the highest probability of detection (PD), outperforming conventional detectors by requiring a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, an increase in the degrees of freedom of the inverse Wishart distribution and the number of receiving antennas enhances detection performance, albeit at the cost of increased hardware requirements.
A Feasibility Analysis of Wind Energy Potential and Seasonal Forecasting Trends in Thatta District: A Project to Combat the Energy Crisis in Pakistan
Authors: Bhutto Jahangeer Khan , Tong Zhijun , Fraz Tayyab Raza , Baloch Mazhar , Ali Haider , Zhang Jiquan , Liu Xingpeng , Al-Masnay Yousef A.
Published: January 2025

Wind energy has emerged as a viable alternative to fossil fuels due to its clean and cost-effective nature. Pakistan, facing growing energy demands and the imperative to reduce carbon emissions, has invested significantly in wind power to supply electric power in rural and urban communities, particularly in the Thatta district of Sindh Province of Pakistan. However, the sustainability of wind energy generation is contingent upon consistent and sufficient wind resources. This study examines the wind potential of Thatta district from 2004 to 2023 to assess its suitability for large-scale wind power development. To evaluate the wind potential of Thatta district, seasonal wind speed and direction data were collected and analyzed. Wind shear at different heights was determined using the power law, and wind potential maps were generated using GIS interpolation techniques. Betz’s law was employed to assess wind turbine power density. Box–Jenkins ARIMA and SARIMA models were applied to predict future wind patterns. This study revealed that Thatta district experienced sufficient wind speeds during the study period, with averages of 9.7 m/s, 7.6 m/s, 7.4 m/s, and 4.8 m/s for summer, autumn, spring, and winter, respectively. However, a concerning trend of decreasing wind speeds has been observed since 2009. The most significant reductions occurred in summer, coinciding with Pakistan’s peak electricity demand. While Thatta district has historically demonstrated potential for wind energy, the declining wind speeds pose a challenge to the sustainability of wind power projects. Further research is necessary to identify the causes of this trend and to explore mitigation strategies.
Study on Improving Recovery of Highly Heterogeneous Reservoirs by Unsteady Water Injection Technology
Authors: Zhao Lun , Zhao Wenqi , Sun Meng , Wang Jincai , Ma Hongfei , Li Yi , Zhao Xiaoliang
Published: January 2025

Unstable water injection can effectively improve the recovery ratio of reservoirs with strong heterogeneity. However, the oil displacement mechanism and the determination method of unstable water injection parameters still need to be clarified, especially for complex fracture reservoirs, which greatly restrict the popularization and development of unstable water injection technology. This paper studies unstable water injection technology in highly heterogeneous reservoirs from the core and reservoir scales, utilizing many displacement experiments and numerical simulations. The differences in oil displacement efficiency, remaining oil distribution, pressure field, and streamlines between continuous water injection and unstable water injection are compared and evaluated. Five flow stages of unstable injection and production are precisely divided, and the microscopic and macroscopic displacement mechanism is clarified. A numerical model of two injection wells and one production is established to determine the best time to implement unstable water injection technology. Based on the principle of pressure superposition, the expression of pressure field distribution between injection and production well in each period of unstable water injection is analytically solved. This formula has provided a new development parameter optimization method aiming at the maximum pressure fluctuation range and optimized the development technology parameters in the water injection process. The results show that precise control injection and production parameters can expand water swept volume, effectively improve the degree of reserve utilization, and improve the recovery of complex reservoirs by 3–7%, which provides a reliable basis for the practical implementation of unstable water injection technology.
A Review of Matrix Converters in Motor Drive Applications
Authors: von Jouanne Annette , Agamloh Emmanuel , Yokochi Alex
Published: January 2025

A matrix converter (MC) converts an AC source voltage into a variable-voltage variable-frequency AC output voltage (direct AC-AC) without an intermediate DC-link capacitance. By eliminating the traditional DC-link capacitor, MCs can achieve higher power densities and reliability when compared to conventional AC-DC-AC converters. MCs also offer the following characteristics: total semiconductor solution, sinusoidal input and output currents, bidirectional power flow and controllable input power factor. This paper reviews the history, recent developments and commercialization of MCs and discusses several technical requirements and challenges, including bidirectional switches, wide bandgap (WBG) opportunities using GaN and SiC, overvoltage protection, electromagnetic interference (EMI) and ride-through in motor drive applications. MC design solutions and operation are discussed, including a comparison of control and modulation techniques as well as the detailed development of space vector modulation (SVM) to provide a deep insight into the control implementation and results. The paper concludes with compelling motor drive innovation opportunities made possible by advanced MCs including fully integrated and multiphase systems. For conventional MCs, size reductions of 30% are reported, as well as efficiencies of 98% and low input current total harmonic distortion of 3–5%.
Investigating the Social Boundaries of Fairness by Modeling Ultimatum Game Responders’ Decisions with Multinomial Processing Tree Models
Authors: Biella Marco , Hennig Max , Oswald Laura
Published: January 2025

Fairness in competitive games such as the Ultimatum Game is often defined theoretically. According to some of the literature, in which fairness is determined only based on resource allocation, a proposal splitting resources evenly (i.e., 5:5) is generally assumed as fair, and minimal deviation (i.e., 4:6) is considered enough to classify the proposal as unfair. Relying on multinomial processing tree models (MPTs), we investigated where the boundaries of fairness are located in the eye of responders, and pit fairness against relative and absolute gain maximization principles. The MPT models we developed and validated allowed us to separate three individual processes driving responses in the standard and Third-Party Ultimatum Game. The results show that, from the responder’s perspective, the boundaries of fairness encompass proposals splitting resources in a perfectly even way and include uneven proposals with minimal deviance (4:6 and 6:4). Moreover, the results show that, in the context of Third-Party Ultimatum Games, the responder must not be indifferent between favoring the proposer and the receiver, demonstrating a boundary condition of the developed model. If the responder is perfectly indifferent, absolute and relative gain maximization are theoretically unidentifiable. This theoretical and practical constraint limits the scope of our theory, which does not apply in the case of a perfectly indifferent decision-maker.
Sustainable Cuisines and Taste Across Space and Time: Lessons from the Past and Promises for the Future
Authors: Højlund Susanne , Mouritsen Ole G.
Published: January 2025

A certain level of culinary sustainability was automatically built into many ancient cuisines due to scarcity in food supplies and, hence, optimal use of the available resources with minimal waste. The concept of sustainability in the global food systems today is much more complex, where the planetary limits to population growth and availability of food resources are leading to tremendous stresses on the overall conditions of the planet including the climate. Still, lessons from world cuisines across space and time may serve as a guide towards a more sustainable plant-forward cuisine in the future. In this essay, we highlight how a focus on gastronomy, especially gastronomic heritage, can provide a framework for a more sustainable cuisine. We see gastronomy as much more than related to cooking and fine dining but also referring to a complex understanding of the word, involving taste, lifestyle, meal culture, commensality, traditional knowledge, craftmanship, and food making. The Mediterranean Diet, traditional Japanese cuisine, and ancient Roman practices are discussed as examples.
Cordyceps militaris-Derived Bioactive Gels: Therapeutic and Anti-Aging Applications in Dermatology
Authors: Nguyen Trung Quang , Van Pham Thinh , Andriana Yusuf , Truong Minh Ngoc
Published: January 2025

Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal mushroom widely utilized in traditional East Asian medicine, recognized for its diverse therapeutic properties. This review explores the potential of C. militaris-derived bioactive gels for applications in dermatology and skincare, with a particular focus on their therapeutic and anti-aging benefits. In response to the rising incidence of skin cancers and the growing demand for natural bioactive ingredients, C. militaris has emerged as a valuable source of functional compounds, including cordycepin, polysaccharides, and adenosine. These compounds exhibit multiple bioactivities, including apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and anti-inflammatory effects, which have been shown to be particularly effective against melanoma and other skin cancers. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of C. militaris enhance skin resilience by scavenging reactive oxygen species, reducing oxidative stress, and promoting collagen synthesis, thereby addressing skin health and anti-aging requirements. The potential for incorporating C. militaris compounds into gel-based formulations for skincare is also examined, either as standalone bioactives or in combination with synergistic ingredients. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of clinical trials and standardization to establish the safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of such applications. By providing a safer alternative to synthetic agents, C. militaris-derived bioactive gels represent a promising advancement in dermatology and skincare.
Impact of Digitalization in Dentistry on Technostress, Mental Health, and Job Satisfaction: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Bernburg Monika , Gebhardt Julia Sofie , Groneberg David A. , Mache Stefanie
Published: January 2025

Background: The utilization of digital technologies in the field of dentistry is becoming increasingly prevalent. Such technologies facilitate more precise and efficient dental treatment while also enhancing the overall quality of care. The advent of digitalization has brought with it a plethora of advantages, yet it has also given rise to a number of potential challenges. These have the potential to give rise to a variety of negative consequences, including an increase in stress perception. Objectives: This study identifies the digital demands and resources as well as the prevalence of digital stress perception among German dentists. Furthermore, the study examines the relationship between digital stress perception and work- and health-related outcomes, and it identifies potential preventive measures. Methods: The quantitative cross-sectional study involved a total of 325 German dentists. Data collection took place between January and April 2024. The questionnaire was validated using several established scales, including the Technostress Scale and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Multiple correlation and regression analyses were conducted to ascertain the reliability and validity of the data collected. Results: The study results demonstrated that the participating dentists exhibited a moderate level of digital stress (M = 3.73 (SD = 0.71). Regarding the individual technostress creators, the highest mean was observed for the constructs of techno-overload (M = 3.91; SD = 0.76), techno-complexity (M = 3.63; SD = 0.71), and techno-uncertainty (M = 2.01; SD = 0.75). The participants reported an average level of exhaustion symptoms (M = 3.21; SD = 0.91) and job satisfaction (M = 4.52; SD = 0.78). The association between technostress and emotional exhaustion (as a burnout symptom) showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.38; CI: 0.07, 0.52; p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between the variables of technostress and job satisfaction, with a correlation coefficient of r = −0.33 (CI: −0.25, 0.07; p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study presents preliminary findings on the digital stress experience in dentistry and relevant associations. In the context of ongoing digitalization, there is a need for support and preventive measures to reduce technology-related stress. An optimized design of digital applications and the working environment are of crucial importance to improve the health of dentists and the quality of patient care.
Exercise-Driven Comprehensive Recovery: Pulmonary Rehabilitation’s Impact on Lung Function, Mechanics, and Immune Response in Post-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Brandao-Rangel Maysa Alves Rodrigues , Brill Boris , Furtado Guilherme Eustáquio , Freitas-Rolim Catharine Cássia Lanna , Silva-Reis Anamei , Souza-Palmeira Victor Hugo , Moraes-Ferreira Renilson , Lopes-Silva Vanessa , Albertini Regiane , Fernandes Wendel Simões , Ferreira Sérgio César , Ferreira Ricardo César Alves , Mateus-Silva Jose Roberto , Oliveira Carlos Rocha , Frison Claudio Ricardo , Vieira Rodolfo P.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: We sought to evaluate the effects of a 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program on lung function, mechanics, as well as pulmonary and systemic inflammation in a cohort of 33 individuals with moderate to severe post-COVID-19. Material and Methods: The pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program employed a combination of aerobic and resistance exercises. Thirty minutes of treadmill training at 75% of the maximum heart rate, combined with 30 min resistance training consisting of 75% of one maximum repetition, three times a week throughout 12 weeks. Results: PR improved the lung function, FVC (p < 0.02), FEV1 (p < 0.02), FEV1/FVC (p < 0.01), MEF25% (p < 0.006), MEF50% (p < 0.03), and MEF75% (p < 0.02). PR also positively influenced lung mechanics, reducing respiratory impedance (Z5Hz, p < 0.03), respiratory reactance (X5Hz, p < 0.01), resistance of the entire respiratory system (R5Hz, p < 0.03), central airway resistance (RCentral, p < 0.03), and peripheral airway resistance (RPeripheral, p < 0.02). Moreover, muscle strength gains were evident, with significant improvements observed in hand grip strength for both the right (p < 0.02) and left (p < 0.01) hands, as well as maximal inspiratory (p < 0.02) and expiratory (p < 0.03) pressures. Additionally, PR exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (p < 0.0001) and IL-6 (p < 0.0001) and increasing the anti-inflammatory IL-1RA (p < 0.0004) and IL-10 (p < 0.003) and anti-viral IFN-γ (p < 0.0002) and IFN-β (p < 0.008) cytokines in breath condensate and serum samples. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings highlight the effectiveness of PR in ameliorating COVID-19 sequel across respiratory system, skeletal muscle, and immune responses. This highlights its promising potential as a therapeutic intervention for individuals recovering from COVID-19.
HGeoKG: A Hierarchical Geographic Knowledge Graph for Geographic Knowledge Reasoning
Authors: Li Tailong , Chen Renyao , Duan Yilin , Yao Hong , Li Shengwen , Li Xinchuan
Published: January 2025

The Geographic Knowledge Graph (GeoKG) serves as an effective method for organizing geographic knowledge, playing a crucial role in facilitating semantic interoperability across heterogeneous data sources. However, existing GeoKGs are limited by a lack of hierarchical modeling and insufficient coverage of geographic knowledge (e.g., limited entity types, inadequate attributes, and insufficient spatial relationships), which hinders their effective use and representation of semantic content. This paper presents HGeoKG, a hierarchical geographic knowledge graph that comprehensively models hierarchical structures, attributes, and spatial relationships of multi-type geographic entities. Based on the concept and construction methods of HGeoKG, this paper developed a dataset named HGeoKG-MHT-670K. Statistical analysis reveals significant regional heterogeneity and long-tail distribution patterns in HGeoKG-MHT-670K. Furthermore, extensive geographic knowledge reasoning experiments on HGeoKG-MHT-670K show that most knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models fail to achieve satisfactory performance. This suggests the need to accommodate spatial heterogeneity across different regions and improve the embedding quality of long-tail geographic entities. HGeoKG serves as both a reference for GeoKG construction and a benchmark for geographic knowledge reasoning, driving the development of geographical artificial intelligence (GeoAI).
Construction of a Real-Scene 3D Digital Campus Using a Multi-Source Data Fusion: A Case Study of Lanzhou Jiaotong University
Authors: Gao Rui , Yan Guanghui , Wang Yingzhi , Yan Tianfeng , Niu Ruiting , Tang Chunyang
Published: January 2025

Real-scene 3D digital campuses are essential for improving the accuracy and effectiveness of spatial data representation, facilitating informed decision-making for university administrators, optimizing resource management, and enriching user engagement for students and faculty. However, current approaches to constructing these digital environments face several challenges. They often rely on costly commercial platforms, struggle with integrating heterogeneous datasets, and require complex workflows to achieve both high precision and comprehensive campus coverage. This paper addresses these issues by proposing a systematic multi-source data fusion approach that employs open-source technologies to generate a real-scene 3D digital campus. A case study of Lanzhou Jiaotong University is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Firstly, oblique photography based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is used to capture large-scale, high-resolution images of the campus area, which are then processed using open-source software to generate an initial 3D model. Afterward, a high-resolution model of the campus buildings is then created by integrating the UAV data, while 3D Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and OpenStreetMap (OSM) building data provide a 3D overview of the surrounding campus area, resulting in a comprehensive 3D model for a real-scene digital campus. Finally, the 3D model is visualized on the web using Cesium, which enables functionalities such as real-time data loading, perspective switching, and spatial data querying. Results indicate that the proposed approach can effectively get rid of reliance on expensive proprietary systems, while rapidly and accurately reconstructing a real-scene digital campus. This framework not only streamlines data harmonization but also offers an open-source, practical, cost-effective solution for real-scene 3D digital campus construction, promoting further research and applications in twin city, Virtual Reality (VR), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Maximal Intensity Exercise Induces Adipokine Secretion and Disrupts Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance in Young Men with Different Body Composition
Authors: Wiecek Magdalena , Mardyla Mateusz , Szymura Jadwiga , Kantorowicz Malgorzata , Kusmierczyk Justyna , Maciejczyk Marcin , Szygula Zbigniew
Published: January 2025

Maximal physical effort induces a disturbance in the body’s energy homeostasis and causes oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to determine whether prooxidant–antioxidant balance disturbances and the secretion of adipokines regulating metabolism, induced by maximal intensity exercise, are dependent on body composition in young, healthy, non-obese individuals. We determined changes in the concentration of advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP), markers of oxidative damage to nucleic acids (DNA/RNA/ox), and lipid peroxidation (LPO); catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as concentrations of visfatin, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, asprosin, and irisin in the blood before and after maximal intensity exercise in men with above-average muscle mass (NFAT-HLBM), above-average fat mass (HFAT-NLBM), and with average body composition (NFAT-NLBM). We corrected the post-exercise results for the percentage change in plasma volume. In all groups after exercise, there was an increase in LPO and resistin. In HFAT-NLBM, additionally, an increase in CAT and a decrease in SOD activity were noted, and in NFAT-NLBM, an increase in visfatin concentration was observed. In our study, the effect was demonstrated of a maximal effort on six (LPO, CAT, SOD, visfatin, resistin, and asprosin) of the twelve parameters investigated, while the effect of body composition on all parameters investigated was insignificant. Maximal intensity aerobic exercise induces secretion of resistin and damages lipids regardless of the exercising subjects’ body composition. Large fat tissue content predisposes to exercise-induced disorders in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. We have also shown that it is necessary to consider changes in blood plasma volume in the assessment of post-exercise biochemical marker levels.
The Putative Antidiabetic Effect of Hypericum perforatum on Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Theodorakopoulou Aikaterini , Pylarinou Ioanna , Anastasiou Ioanna A. , Tentolouris Nikolaos
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global disease that significantly impacts public health, has become increasingly common over time. In this review, we aim to determine the potential benefits of St. John’s Wort (SJW) as an adjunct therapy for DM. We gathered information from studies conducted in vitro, in vivo, and in humans. In vitro studies investigated the concentrations of SJW extracts capable of inhibiting certain enzymes or factors involved in the inflammatory pathway, such as the β-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, nuclear factor κB, methylglyoxal, and oxidative stress (OS). The extract was found to have positive effects on OS and anti-inflammatory properties in DM, suggesting it could serve as a protective agent against diabetic vascular complications, cell damage, and apoptosis. According to in vivo research, the essential components of the extract can stimulate thermogenesis in adipose tissue, inhibit several key inflammatory signaling pathways, and delay the early death of pancreatic β cells, all of which contribute to combating obesity. The extract may also help treat prediabetes and significantly reduce neuropathic pain. Human studies have also confirmed some of these results. However, some of the plant’s side effects need further investigation through clinical research before it can be used to treat DM.
Differential Inhibition by Cenobamate of Canonical Human Nav1.5 Ion Channels and Several Point Mutants
Authors: Şulea Teodor Asvadur , Draga Sorin , Mernea Maria , Corlan Alexandru Dan , Radu Beatrice Mihaela , Petrescu Andrei-Jose , Amuzescu Bogdan
Published: January 2025

Cenobamate is a new and highly effective antiseizure compound used for the treatment of adults with focal onset seizures and particularly for epilepsy resistant to other antiepileptic drugs. It acts on multiple targets, as it is a positive allosteric activator of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors and an inhibitor of neuronal sodium channels, particularly of the late or persistent Na+ current. We recently evidenced the inhibitory effects of cenobamate on the peak and late current component of the human cardiac isoform hNav1.5. The determined apparent IC50 values of 87.6 µM (peak) and 46.5 µM (late current) are within a clinically relevant range of concentrations (the maximal plasma therapeutic effective concentration for a daily dose of 400 mg in humans is 170 µM). In this study, we built a 3D model of the canonical hNav1.5 channel (UniProt Q14524-1) in open conformation using AlphaFold2, embedded it in a DPPC lipid bilayer, corrected the residue protonation state (pH 7.2) with H++, and added 2 Na+ ions in the selectivity filter. By molecular docking, we found the cenobamate binding site in the central cavity. We identified 10-point mutant variants in the binding site region and explored them via docking and MD. Mutants N1462K/Y (rs1064795922, rs199473614) and M1765R (rs752476527) (by docking) and N932S (rs2061582195) (by MD) featured higher predicted affinity than wild-type.
The e-STROKE Study: The Design of a Prospective Observational Multicentral Study
Authors: Dvorníková Kateřina , Kunešová Veronika , Ostrý Svatopluk , Mikulík Robert , Bar Michal
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The e-STROKE study is a prospective, multicenter observational study designed to assess the impact of various CT parameters (including e-ASPECT, CT perfusion (CTP), collateral flow status, and the size and location of the ischemic lesion) on the clinical outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke, as evaluated by the modified Rankins Scale (mRS) three months post-stroke. This study also aims to investigate whether the use of multimodal CT imaging increases the number of patients eligible for recanalization therapy. The analysis will integrate data from the RES-Q registry and radiological data from the e-STROKE system provided by Brainomix Ltd. Aims: The primary aim is to determine the predictive value of CT parameters (e-ASPECTS, CTP, collateral vessel status, and ischemic lesion volume and location) on three-month functional outcomes, as defined by the mRS, in patients with non-lacunar stroke following recanalization treatment (IVT and/or MT). The secondary aim is to evaluate whether multimodal CT examination leads to an increase in the number of patients eligible for recanalization therapy. Additionally, this study seeks to assess the specificity and sensitivity of multimodal CT in distinguishing stroke mimics from actual strokes. Methods: This multicenter observational study involves patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke and a premorbid mRS ≤ 4, who are treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), or managed conservatively in stroke centers within the Czech Stroke Research Network (STROCZECH), which is part of the Czech Clinical Research Infrastructure Network (CZECRIN). Data collection includes demographic, clinical, and imaging data variables such as age, sex, ethnicity, risk factors, treatment times (OTT, DNT, and OGT), TICI scores, post-treatment hemorrhage (ECAS II), mRS outcome, stroke etiology, e-ASPECTS, acute ischemic volume (AIV), thrombus length on NCCT, CTA collateral score and collateral vessel density, location of large vessel occlusion, ischemic core, hypoperfusion volume, mismatch ratio and volume, final infarct volume, hemorrhage volume, and MRI in case of negative follow-up NCCT. Conclusions: We anticipate collecting robust clinical and radiological data from approximately 2000 patients across 22 centers over a 12-month period. The results are expected to enhance the precision of diagnostic and prognostic radiological markers in managing acute stroke.
Patient-Reported Outcomes After Arthroscopic Single-Row Rotator Cuff Repair: A Monocentric Retrospective Study at Minimum 12 Years Follow-Up
Authors: Castagna Alessandro , Campeggi Tommaso , Minelli Marco Maria , Borroni Mario , Conti Marco , Delle Rose Giacomo , Garofalo Raffaele , Ranieri Riccardo
Published: January 2025

Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) is a common procedure, yet long-term patient-centered outcome studies remain limited. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of arthroscopic RCR using a single-row metallic anchor technique over a 12-year follow-up, focusing on patient-reported outcomes and potential risk factors. Methods: A monocentric cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent complete arthroscopic RCR with a single-row metallic anchor technique from January 2007 to July 2011. A total of 628 patients completed three standardized questionnaires: Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES), and the Simple Shoulder Test (SST). They were also asked for their overall satisfaction on the procedure with a single direct question. Outcomes were analyzed by gender, age at surgery, lesion pattern, and follow-up duration. Results: The mean follow-up period was 12.9 ± 1.3 years. Overall satisfaction was 96.5%. The mean scores for QuickDASH, ASES, and SST were 7.2 ± 15.7, 83.8 ± 23.9, and 89.9 ± 22.3, respectively. Female patients reported significantly lower QuickDASH (p < 0.001), ASES (p < 0.001), and SST (p = 0.004) than male patients, but overall satisfaction did not differ by gender. Age, number of tendons repaired, anterior tear, and follow-up length were not significantly associated with differences in outcome measures. Conclusions: Single-row arthroscopic RCR provides excellent long-term patient-reported outcomes and high patient satisfaction. Female gender may be associated with slightly lower functional scores, yet satisfaction remains unaffected. This study supports the single-row technique as a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective option for long-term success in RCR, challenging the need for more complex multi-anchor approaches.
Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Negative-Suction Drain on Surgical Site Infection After Ileostomy Reversal: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Song Ju Myung , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Moon Jin , Lim Chae Dong , Lee Yoon Suk
Published: January 2025

Background/Objective: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a leading common condition after ileostomy reversal (IR). However, evidence is unclear that subcutaneous negative-suction drainage (SND) reduces the incidence of SSI. This study aimed to investigate whether SND effectively reduced the incidence of SSI. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 531 patients who underwent IR at Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital between June 2005 and December 2020. SND was classified into two groups based on its presence or absence. The estimated risk of SSI was calculated using the surgical risk calculator of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP). After 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) using the estimated risk of SSI, we analyzed the two group’s postoperative outcomes, including SSI rates. Results: After PSM, there was no difference in demographics between the two groups; however, the reversal interval was longer in the SND group than in the no SND group (193.3 ± 151.6 vs. 151.5 ± 141.0 days, p = 0.005). The incidence of SSI was lower in the SND group than in the no SND group (5.2% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.013). Conclusions: SND insertion can reduce the incidence of SSI during IR. Therefore, SND insertion should be considered as a basic technique for reducing SSI after IR.