bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spirituelle revolutioner - Afropæiske kropspolitikker og kunstens ’sekularisering’
Authors: Lockward Alanna
Published: October 2018

A Vodoun ceremony heralded the beginning of the end of Europe’s savage capitalist enterprise in the Caribbean and elsewhere. According to Laurent Dubois we are all descendants of the Haitian Revolution and therefore accountable to its ancestry. In my presentation I will discuss how the liberation Pan-Africanist legacies of the maroon leaders that created the first Black Republic is present in some Afropean Decolonial Aesthetics/Aesthesis practitioners, such as Teresa María Díaz Nerio, Jeannette Ehlers, Quinsy Gario and Patricia Kaersenhout, as well as in other Caribbean (Diaspora) artists. Apart from the paradigmatic work of Renée Cox honouring the legacy of the Jamaican heroine Queen Nanny of the Maroons, who was their armed and spiritual leader, there is as well the radical legacy of Ana Mendieta who combined in her work some of the basic premises of maroon life, namely a permanent dialogue with nature and its spirits. Nicolás Dumit Estévez and Charo Oquet, for example, resonate with the spiritual legacies of marronage, consistently contributing to dismantle one of the most successful fallacies of modernity: the so-called ‘secularity’ of the arts. Furthermore, Miami-based Adler Guerrier revisits Charles Mingus’ Haitian Fight Song in a film where his interpretation of the flâneur defies the painful erasure by colonial archives on the African continent and elsewhere on Black radical legacies. This particular type of awareness of a urban landscape as a space where the mere presence of a Black body represents both a transgression and an affirmation of being is reminiscent of the armed struggle spirit of those runaway warriors. In this sense, these artists are expanding the stamina of Decolonial Aesthetics/Aesthesis by focusing their attention on the forms of sensing and inhabiting the world that the modern/colonial order has suppressed.
Fra det sociale til det vitale
Authors: Canguilhem Georges
Published: October 2018

”Fra det sociale til det vitale” er oversat efter ”Du social au vital”, i Georges Canguilhem, Le normal et le pathologique, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2015, 225-246. (Denne tekst blev tilføjet i 1966-udgaven af Le normal et le pathologique.)Oversat af Rolf Reitan.
Hvorfor lykke, hvorfor nu?
Authors: Ahmed Sara
Published: October 2018

The Promise of Happiness, from which this article is taken, is a provocative cultural critique of the imperative to be happy. It asks what follows when we make our desires and even our own happiness conditional on the happiness of others: “I just want you to be happy”; “I’m happy if you’re happy.” Combining philosophy and feminist cultural studies, Sara Ahmed reveals the affective and moral work performed by the “happiness duty,” the expectation that we will be made happy by taking part in that which is deemed good, and that by being happy ourselves, we will make others happy. Ahmed maintains that happiness is a promise that directs us toward certain life choices and away from others. Happiness is promised to those willing to live their lives in the right way.
De lykkelige skatteborgere
Authors: Kjærgård Jonas Ross
Published: October 2018

The article offers a contextualized reading of Louis-Sébastien Mercier’s forbidden bestseller The Year 2440 (1771). It focuses on Mercier’s financial politics as these are presented both in the novel and in the author’s intervention in the public debate immediately prior to the outbreak of the French revolution. Based on a reading of the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, the article argues that there is a link between happiness, rights and fiscality, which has rarely been examined. Intervening in this field of discourse, Mercier is co-responsible for the establishment of the unhappiness/happiness-dichotomy that characterizes much of the French late eighteenth century thought on happiness.
Lyckans administration
Authors: Götselius Thomas
Published: October 2018

This article engages in the new concept of individual happiness that spread in the 18th Century and in Goethe’s pivotal novel Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre (1795–96). In this novel, the process of “Bildung” is designed to lead the protagonist to happiness, but happiness turns out to be possible only if the process can be governed from the outside, by powers alien to the subject. For this reason, the article argues that the notion of happiness orchestrated in the novel is not based on a revolutionary concept of happiness or a victorious Enlightenment critique, but on a concept derived from a more local field of knowledge, namely “Polizeywissenschaft”. Central to German state reform, and the practices of local administration in the late 18th Century, “Polizeywissenschaft” was developed in order to render happiness to both states and individuals, and it did so by means of surveillance and secret intervention in everyday life. On a theoretical level, the breakthrough of ”the police” during the century could be mapped as an outcome of the transition from a sovereign power regime to a biopolitical one, in Michel Foucault’s teminology. In Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, as in the biopolitics encoded in the “Polizeywissenschaft,” the experience of happiness is thus coupled with a new way of governing life as such.
Hvor bor lykken i dag?
Authors: Post Hans Christian
Published: October 2018

The article discusses potential consequences of the experience-economical turn in building preservation. This is done with the heritage and experience economy based urban renewal project for the social housing estate Avedøre Stationsby outside Copenhagen as empirical case. After a description of the mutual links in both everyday thought and storytelling between the home as basic human phenomenon and the idea of happiness, followed by a consideration of the growing need among people to consider and shape their home, a need brought about by globalization, the article gives an account of the functionalist movement in its pre and post World War II-phases and reflects on the central idea in both of equality and happiness for all. This leads to the main discussion and evaluation of the urban renewal project for Avedøre Stationsby. The article argues that the renewal project appears exemplary on a practical level, in that it seeks to protect the social profile of the estate and at the same time allows for functional and aesthetic changes that can help counter the estate’s current anonymity and enhance the sense of belonging among residents. At the same time, however, it is argued that the experience-economical turn in building preservation seems to pose a threat in the discussed context. The transformation of the original narrative of inclusion, equality and happiness into an exclusive trait leads to a blurring of the central narrative and an introduction of an alternative neoliberal narrative which states the exact opposite, namely that a good and happy life is no longer for all, but rather for the few.
Menneskets nye liv
Authors: Raffnsøe Sverre
Published: October 2018

Anmeldelse af Mads Rosendahl Thomsen: The New Human in Literature. Posthuman Visions of Changes in Body, Mind and Society after 1900. Bloomsbury, London & New York.
Guldslør. Performative strategier som kritik og affirmation i senkapitalismen
Authors: Schmidt Cecilie Ullerup
Published: October 2018

Is immersive performance art with its blurred identities, parallel worlds and transformational potential the perfect genre for hidden capitalist interests, bad working conditions and commercial branding? Following the motive of the veil, and the gesture of unveiling as form of critique, the article examines the relation between labour of performance art, commercial funding and subjectivation in late capitalism. Departing from the claim that the cultural worker – flexible, creative, innovative and self managing – is the role model of today’s neoliberal work ethos, the article analyses strategies of unveiling of the production conditions and work ethos of performance art today.
Sjøreisen, det frie hav og endeløsheten. De maritime topois teknologihistorie
Authors: Eliassen Knut Ove
Published: October 2018

Early Romanticism established and developed a series of poetical maritime common places intended to convey the pure forceful and inhuman being of Nature. “Storm at Sea”, “The Endless Ocean” and “The monstrous deep” are but three of many topological variation of “The Ocean”, gaining widespread popularity in the 19th and the 20th centuries and gradually turning into cultural clichés. This article argues that the long history of maritime narratives contains a much richer and indeed both critical and instructive legacy of topological figures than the semantically rather limited legacy of Romantic poetry. Analyzing a wide range of examples spanning from Homer to Joseph Conrad by way of François Rabelais and Daniel Defoe, this article suggests that the topologies of maritime narratives are exemplary cases of what Mikhail M. Bakhtin called chrono-topes, that is, epistemologically and politically charged configuration of literary time-spaces. The ocean-spaces of the early modern sea narratives are explicitly informed by the technological and political realities of their times, thus yielding a rich material that reflects how our ways of experiencing the oceans cannot be separated from the protocols, tools and crafts that determines our interfaces with the world.
Stranden og havet: Lyserød imperialisme og markedspladser i ”Det store Ocean”
Authors: Andersen Frits
Published: October 2018

The Marquesas Islands, one of the Pacific’s smallest and most remote archipelagoes, played an important geopolitical role in the years around the French Revolution because they were attributed a symbolic significance as the hub of crossing trade routes between Europe, North America, and China. The fur trade became an essential part of the performative identity games, which ethno-historian Greg Dening has called “beach crossings”. The commodity is of course an essential part of the exchange on the beach, but the trade also defines the meaning of the involved places and spaces in a broader sense. On the basis of comparisons of especially French expeditions to the islands, the article finds a distinctive discursive pattern: The texts develop an idea of The Great Ocean as utopian theater that shapes the form of trade and colonization, which can be called “pink imperialism”, ie. annexation, trade, and commerce as an act of protection or an act of love.
Den neoklassiske frihandelsfejlslutning
Authors: Kure Nikolaj
Published: October 2018

Free trade has traditionally been seen as an indisputable ‘moral law’ that benefits all trading partners and thus stimulates peaceful relations between nations. However, recent years have seen the emergence of a whole range of critical voices that articulate various types of free trade critique. The overall intention of the current paper is to discuss this tendency by reviewing Hermann Daly’s critique of the free trade argument as found in neoclassical economic theory. Daly’s argument is that neoclassical theorists on the one hand posit David Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage as the overarching argument for free trade while on the other hand pushing through free trade arrangements in which Ricardo’s theory ceases to work. In more concrete terms: Ricardo’s theory shows that all trade partners benefit from free trade as long as capital cannot be allocated across national borders, yet current free trade agreements are representative of a neoliberal ideology that opposes all kinds of trading barriers, including national borders. On this basis, it seems reasonable to conclude that proponents of free trade use Ricardo’s argument as a strawman to build a neoliberal world economy based on absolute advantages.
”Byens bedste brugte bøger”: Bogen som vare og samlerobjekt i nye eksperimenterende romaner
Authors: Tanderup Sara
Published: October 2018

Literary culture has recently become aware of the book. The spread of new media results in a situation, where the printed book can no longer be taken for granted. The article investigates how the changing cultural and commercial status of the book is reflected in two new experimental novels, Mette Hegnhøj’s Ella er mit navn vil du købe det? (2014) and J.J. Abrams and Doug Dorst’s S. (2013). Drawing on theoretical perspectives of e.g. Jessica Pressman, Dominik Schrey and Henry Jenkins, I investigate how these works celebrate the book as an auratic object and as a privileged old medium – while also presenting and marketing the book as a commodity, that currently acquires new commercial value exactly because it can no longer be taken for granted. Thus, I argue that the two works in different ways reflect the new ambiguous status of the printed book: it is celebrated as a guarantor of a traditional literary culture and thus positioned in opposition to the contemporary commercialized media culture – while also being (as it always has been) a commodity and thus functioning on the commercial and cultural conditions of this new media culture.
Modernisme er nationalhistorie
Authors: Jørgensen Claus Møller
Published: October 2018

I K&K nr. 117 finder man en artikel af Michael Böss med den prægnante titel ’Nationalhistorie efter modernismen’ (Böss). Den modernisme der henvises til, er den historiske tolkning af moderne nationer – herunder den danske – som resultat af statsbygnings- moderniserings- og integrationsprocesser og ideologiske reorienteringsprocesser i det lange 19. århundrede efter ca. 1750. Det, der træder i stedet efter modernismen, er en etnosymbolsk tolkning, der ser moderne nationer i forlængelse af etniske samfund etableret i den tidlige middelalder.
Den sociale vending = velfærdsskepsis?
Authors: Skiveren Tobias
Published: October 2018

Anmeldelse af Tue Andersen Nexø: Vidnesbyrd fra velfærdsstaten - Den sociale vending i ny dansk litteratur. Arena, København, 2016.
"En gift i blodet": Følelsesøkonomier i de dansk-grønlandske relationer
Authors: Thisted Kirsten
Published: October 2018

Inspired by Sara Ahmed, the article analyzes how long-established affective economies still dominate post-colonial relations between Danes and Greenlanders. Affective relationships between Greenlanders and Danes are embedded in historically inherited, asymmetric political, and financial power relations. While the political and economic conditions often are subject to analysis because data in these fields is relatively easy to access, it is much harder to access material that illuminates affective relationships. The article focuses on an email correspondence between two women, each of whom has a prominent place in the Danish-Greenlandic cultural debate. The two women know each other in advance and are both eager for the communication to succeed. It turns out not to be quite so simple. The analysis shows how the Dane, contrary to her own intentions, maintains the Greenlander in the role as the object of the Danish, evaluative and normative, gaze. The Greenlander protests against this and tries to renegotiate their positions so that the Greenlanders become subjects of their own actions and the history of Greenland. The article argues that it is not possible to understand the current political discussions, including debates on large scale projects, uranium extraction, and independence, unless these affects and their historicity are taken into account. A conversation about reconciliation must also begin here.
Stå på tomma torg: Hinder för tillhörighet i bosnisk migrationslitteratur
Authors: Borcak Fedja Wierød
Published: October 2018

The immigration of Bosnians to the Scandinavian countries in connection to the war in the 1990s is largely seen as a success. Aspects such as high employment and education levels has been foregrounded as indicating integration and personal accomplishment, especially among the younger population. However, the literature produced by Bosnian immigrant authors tells a different story, which focuses rather on personal hardships and obstacles in the affective and social “positionality” of the immigrant in the Scandinavian topography. Regarding texts by authors such as Alen Mešković, Bekim Sejranović, and Adnan Mahmutović, the article surveys recurrent themes associated with the immigrant’s inability to create belonging in the host country, such as the encounter with immigrant authorities or the continuous non-contact with Scandinavians. While the texts are not typical examples of literary “welfare criticism”, the article tries to suggest some ways in which these texts produce critique of mechanisms in the Scandinavian welfare state model.
Gælden, gaven og geden: Om skyldnere og humanitær økonomi
Authors: Sharma Devika
Published: October 2018

This article centers on the complex relationship between debt and gifts – or, more to the point, between the neoliberal economy of debt as diagnosed by Maurizio Lazzarato, among others, and humanitarian subjectivity; Between debt government and humanitarian government. Drawing on the work of Ananya Roy and looking to objects of debt/humanitarian relief such as Greece and Haiti, I suggest that what Lazzarato terms ‘indebted man’ today co-exists in hitherto unexamined ways with ‘humanitarian man’, and that these two forms of subjectivity in fact share dispositions of guilt and shame. In order to further examine the guilty or ‘indebted’ disposition of everyday humanitarians I then continue to discuss a particular humanitarian product, namely the ‘charity goat’ and other third-party gifts. Here I draw in particular on Lilie Chouliaraki’s notion of post-humanitarianism in order to suggest that third-party charitable giving gives cultural form to the experience of indebtedness of the humanitarian gift-giver. This experience is, I finally suggest, part of a broader Scandinavian, but not exclusively Scandinavian, predicament of privilege.
Solsjenitsyn: En politisk analyse
Authors: Chauvier Jean-Marie
Published: October 2018

Solsjenitsyn: En politisk analyse
Kultur-radikalisme?
Authors: Mjöset Lars
Published: October 2018

Kultur-radikalisme?
Studiet af førkapitalistiske bevidsthedsformer - principielt belyst og konkret eksemplificeret
Authors: Zerlang Martin
Published: October 2018

Studiet af førkapitalistiske bevidsthedsformer - principielt belyst og konkret eksemplificeret
De intellektuelles politiske rolle
Authors: Madsen Peter
Published: October 2018

Forord
Villy Sørensens aktualitet
Authors: Jensen Jørgen Bonde
Published: October 2018

En anmeldelse af Jørgen Bonde Jensen: Litterær arkæologi.Studier i Villy Sørensens Formynderfortællinger.
Kultur og Klasse 33: Skolelærerlitteratur
Authors: Kultur og klasse Redaktionen
Published: October 2018

Kultur og Klasse 33: Skolelærerlitteratur
Det faglige udvalgs forord
Authors: Kultur og klasse Redaktionen
Published: October 2018

Det faglige udvalgs forord
Historien, traditionen og arbejdererindringen
Authors: Bondebjerg Ib
Published: October 2018

Historien, traditionen og arbejdererindringen. Om den borgerlige kultur og arbejderkulturen i (litteratur)historien
Ungdom og barndom
Authors: Frederiksen Lise Lotte
Published: October 2018

Ungdom og barndom. Metodiske problemer omkring historisk-tematisk læsning i gymnasiet og på HF
Klassespecifikke aspekter af kritikken af vareæstetikken
Authors: Lindner Rolf
Published: October 2018

Klassespecifikke aspekter af kritikken af vareæstetikken
En autoritær pædagogik
Authors: Andersen Lizie Ørvad
Published: October 2018

En autoritær pædagogik. Analyse af seriehæftet >>Den store Kanon<<
Comic Sounds in Contemporary Theatre Performances: Marthaler, Pollesch, Fritsch and Gotscheff
Authors: Rost Katharina
Published: October 2018

At the Volksbühne am Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz in central Berlin, directors René Pollesch, Christoph Marthaler, Herbert Fritsch, and Dimiter Gotscheff employ comical elements of slapstick, irony, black humour, exaggeration, bluntness, vulgarity, and absurdity. Sound often proves to be significant to the comical effect of the performances as the use of music, sound effects and a specific way of speaking are characteristic for each of their individual directing styles. Even though their styles are comparable in that they all use of a vast array of acoustic elements, they nevertheless differ greatly from each other. The aim of my article is to categorize their use of comical sounds by consideringhowandto whateffect they are employed. The comical aspect of sounds, situations or actions is not necessarily universal or trans-historical, but rather always depends on the specific cultural and historical context that also coins the specific contemporary theatre practice. The article focusses on these connections and on the shifts of attention that are mainly caused by the comical effects of sound and can cause further comical effects.
Toutes et tous dans le même bateau
Authors: Desgagnés Jean-Yves , Goma-Gakissa Georges , Gaudreau Lorraine
Published: October 2018

Au Québec, la recherche académique en travail social relative à la pauvreté apparaît, en ce début de 21esiècle, comme toujours, principalement agrippée à l’urbanité. Le contenu de cet article présente les résultats de deux recherches qualitatives exploratoires, de type recherche-action participative (RAP), menées en milieu rural québécois et s’étant intéressées à l’intervention sociale dans le champ de la pauvreté à partir des regards croisés de deux groupes d’acteurs en interaction, soit des expert.e.s du vécu (EV) et des expert.e.s de la pratique (EP). L’analyse des entretiens a permis de constater que cette intervention s’inscrivait dans une réalité sociale multidimensionnelle et complexe. À partir d’une mise en perspective inspirée de deux univers théoriques, l’analyse des données recueillies a révélé que l’intervention sociale sur la pauvreté en milieu rural constituait un espace de tension traversé par deux grandes logiques : celle des acteurs et celle des environnements (économique, politique et idéologique). Dans la logique des acteurs, l’enjeu de la définition de la situation (ou de la perception commune) qui détermine les actions à entreprendre est influencé principalement par la capacité des groupes d’acteurs (EV-EP) à dépasser leurs catégories auto-interprétatives. Dans la logique des environnements, deux semblent déterminants pour le succès ou l’échec de l’intervention sociale : l’environnement politique, tout particulièrement celui des politiques publiques du gouvernement du Québec, et l’environnement territorial, soit celui de la ruralité.
La lutte à la pauvreté dans une perspective de développement des communautés
Authors: Simard Paule , Parent André-Anne , Richardson Mary
Published: October 2018

La dévitalisation des milieux locaux constitue la facette collective de la pauvreté. À partir de trois approches ayant fait l’objet de recherche ou d’évaluation (Politique nationale de la ruralité du Québec, Dispositif de caractérisation des communautés, et Villes et Villages en santé), la discussion porte sur trois défis liés à la revitalisation ou la lutte à la pauvreté collective en regard des transformations récentes du paysage du développement du monde rural depuis 2014 : le soutien au développement des communautés, la préservation des espaces de concertation et la pertinence de politiques fortes de soutien au développement des communautés.
L’appel à un tiers en cas de conflit interindividuel
Authors: Strimelle Véronique , Jaspart Alice
Published: October 2018

Cet article traite des situations de déprivatisation des conflits, lorsque les gens se tournent vers un tiers, en dehors de la sphère juridico-pénale. Le fait de porter attention à cette étape du processus vise essentiellement à mieux comprendre ce qui conduit les gens à faire appel à ces tiers et les solutions que peut apporter la médiation. Pour ce faire, notre analyse se basera sur les expériences relatées par des médiateurs sociaux et d’autres intervenants travaillant en règlement des conflits.
Les motifs d’utilisation ou non des services en santé sexuelle chez les jeunes en situation de rue1
Authors: Côté Philippe-Benoit , Fournier Émilie
Published: October 2018

Cet article vise à documenter les motifs d’utilisation ou non des services en santé sexuelle chez les jeunes en situation de rue. Trente-trois jeunes en situation de rue (18 à 25 ans) ont été rencontrés en entrevue individuelle. L’analyse qualitative montre que les jeunes utilisent, de façon ciblée, les services biomédicaux dans le but de préserver leur santé sexuelle. Toutefois, le caractère privé et secondaire de la sexualité dans le contexte de la situation de rue fait entrave à l’utilisation qu’ils font des services en santé sexuelle. Ces constats permettent de repenser les services en santé sexuelle offerts aux jeunes en situation de rue.
“So sensual, so languid, and so private”: James Baldwin’s American South
Authors: Fallis Jeff
Published: October 2018

James Baldwin has frequently been written about in terms of his relationship to geographical locations such as Harlem, Paris, St. Paul-de-Vence, Istanbul, and “the transatlantic,” but his longstanding connection to the American South, a region that served as a vexed and ambiguous spiritual battleground for him throughout his life and career, has been little discussed, even though Baldwin referred to himself as “in all but no technical legal fact, a Southerner.” This article argues that the South has been seriously underconsidered as a major factor in Baldwin’s psyche and career and that were it not for the challenge to witness the Southern Civil Rights movement made to Baldwin in the late 1950s, he might never have left Paris and become the writer and thinker into which he developed. It closely examines Baldwin’s fictional and nonfictional engagements with the American South during two distinct periods of his career, from his first visit to the region in 1957 through the watershed year of 1963, and from 1963 through the publication of Baldwin’s retrospective memoir No Name in the Street in 1972, and it charts Baldwin’s complex and often contradictory negotiations with the construction of identity in white and black Southerners and the South’s tendency to deny and censor its historical legacy of racial violence. A few years before his death, Baldwin wrote that “[t]he spirit of the South is the spirit of America,” and this essay investigates how the essential question he asked about the region—whether it’s a bellwether for America’s moral redemption or moral decline—remains a dangerous and open one.
“You have to get to where you are before you can see where you’ve been”: Searching for Black Queer Domesticity at Chez Baldwin
Authors: Zaborowska Magdalena J.
Published: October 2018

This essay argues for the importance of James Baldwin’s last house, located in St. Paul-de-Vence in the south of France, to his late works written during the productive period of 1971–87: No Name in the Street (1972), If Beale Street Could Talk (1974), The Devil Finds Work (1976), Just Above My Head (1979), The Evidence of Things Not Seen (1985), and the unpublished play The Welcome Table (1987). That period ushered in a new Baldwin, more complex and mature as an author, who became disillusioned while growing older as a black queer American who had no choice but to live abroad to get his work done and to feel safe. Having established his most enduring household at “Chez Baldwin,” as the property was known locally, the writer engaged in literary genre experimentation and challenged normative binaries of race, gender, and sexuality with his conceptions of spatially contingent national identity. The late Baldwin created unprecedented models of black queer domesticity and humanism that, having been excluded from U.S. cultural narratives until recently, offer novel ways to reconceptualize what it means to be an American intellectual in the twenty-first-century world.
Losing Real Life: James Baldwin and the Ethics of Trauma
Authors: Tuhkanen Mikko
Published: October 2018

This essay proposes that we turn to James Baldwin’s work to assess the cost of, and think alternatives to, the cultures of traumatization whose proliferation one witnesses in contemporary U.S. academia. Beginning with some recent examples, the essay briefly places these cultures into a genealogy of onto-ethics whose contemporary forms arose with the reconfiguration of diasporic histories in the idioms of psychoanalysis and deconstructive philosophy in 1990s trauma theory. Baldwin speaks to the contemporary moment as he considers the outcome of trauma’s perpetuation in an autobiographical scene from “Notes of a Native Son.” In this scene—which restages Bigger Thomas’s murderous compulsion in Native Son—he warns us against embracing one’s traumatization as a mode of negotiating the world. In foregoing what Sarah Schulman has recently called the “duty of repair,” such traumatized engagement prevents all search for the kind of “commonness” whose early articulation can be found in Aristotle’s query after “the common good” (to koinon agathon). With Baldwin, the present essay suggests the urgency of returning to the question of “the common good”: while mindful of past critiques, which have observed in this concept’s deployment a sleight-of-hand by which hegemonic positions universalize their interests, we should work to actualize the unfinished potential of Aristotle’s idea. Baldwin’s work on diasporic modernity provides an indispensable archive for this effort.
El mundo hispánico durante el Antiguo Régimen desde los circuitos mercantiles y el espacio económico rioplatense
Authors: Jumar Fernando
Published: October 2018

Since the 1980’s, the questioning of the national paradigm and, to a lesser extent, of the colonial one, has led to a renewal of modern studies of the Spanish monarchy. This article discusses the emerging body of academic literature about mercantile circulation, highlighting that there is still a need to reshape the relevant units of analysis. Based on the spatial economy, it sets forth a hypothesis about the markets which might have formed the Hispanic world and its dynamics. It also synthesizes the foundations and advances of the “River Plate economic space” (espacio económico rioplatense), polarized in the direction of the region of the Río de la Plata. Our hypothesis seeks to explain the historic foundations of the establishment of the internal market of the Republic of Argentina.
AVALIAÇÃO E MENSURAÇÃO DOS CRÉDITOS DE CARBONO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR DA SUINOCULTURA DA EMPRESA BRF- BRASIL FOODS S.A.
Authors: Vieira Alex Sarmento , De Sá Neto José Abrantes , Silveira Sarmento Raquel Cristina Soares , Vieira Allan Sarmento
Published: October 2018

A evidenciação e a qualidade das informações contábeis, acrescidas da mensuração dos créditos de carbono, acompanhadas dos seus inventários das emissões de gases do efeito estufa são fatores indispensáveis na consolidação das empresas no mercado. Com base neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi sistematizar um mecanismo quantitativo para contabilizar e evidenciar os créditos de carbono na empresa BRF- Brasil Foods S.A. referente à atividade da suinocultura, com base em notas explicativas publicadas no site da BM&FBOVESPA, entre os anos de 2006 e 2010. A metodologia utilizada foi a AMS-IIID versão 14, aprovada pela Convenção das Nações Unidas para a suinocultura, que permite estimar a quantidade em toneladas de dióxido de carbônico (CO2) em ano. Analisando as notas explicativas da empresa, observou-se que a mesma não adota e nem evidencia uma metodologia que contabilize os créditos de carbono provenientes dos dejetos suínos. Tendo em vista os resultados contabilizados, observou-se que a empresa possui 9229 matrizes suínas que totalizaram 5944 créditos de carbono, podendo gerar uma receita adicional, caso seja negociado pelas Bolsas de Valores. Portanto, neste estudo, é sugerido que a empresa inclua os créditos de carbono no seu Balanço Ambiental.

 
MENSURAÇÃO E EVIDENCIAÇÃO DOS CRÉDITOS DE CARBONO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA GRANJA PARAÍSO, MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL.
Authors: Monteiro Maria Kalyane Duarte , Sá Neto José Abrantes de , Vieira Allan Sarmento
Published: October 2018

O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é mensurar e evidenciar os créditos de carbono da suinocultura na Granja Paraíso com base nos modelos quantitativos consagrados na literatura. Esse tema é de grande relevância e deve ser analisado através de modelos matemáticos que considerem as peculiaridades climáticas da região, para que sejam realizadas estimativas precisas com relação à quantidade de créditos de carbono evitadas na atmosfera. Com base neste contexto, foi proposta uma análise comparativa entre os modelos quantitativos selecionados, a fim de verificar a sua eficiência e decidir-se pelo modelo mais eficiente, bem como para que sejam realizadas as evidenciações das receitas geradas a partir da mensuração dos créditos de carbono. Assim, de acordo com os resultados encontrados, percebe-se que as estimativas feitas de tCO2 por ano instigam a necessidade de rever o uso do modelo AMS-III. D, versão 14 em Documento de Concepção do Projeto (DCP), para tratamento de resíduos gerados por suínos na granja analisada, pois o mesmo considera alguns parâmetros que não refletem as condições reais do local. Portanto, os créditos de carbono evidenciados a partir dos modelos considerados apresentaram valores discrepantes, sendo o modelo de Monteiro et al. (2015) mais eficiente a ser utilizado nas propostas de projetos verdes.
EDUCAÇÃO SOCIALISTA: DESAFIOS TEÓRICO-PRÁTICOS E COMPROMISSO COM A CLASSE TRABALHADORA
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Maria De Fátima
Published: October 2018

Apresenta-se a presente Edição no Planejamento do Comitê Editorial da Germinal. Tecem-se considerações sobre educação e cultura socialista. Apresentam-se as produções em suas respectivas Seções e expressam-se votos de boas leituras. 

 
EDUCAÇÃO SOCIALISTA
Authors: Saviani Nereide
Published: October 2018

Apresenta-se entrevista com a Professora Nereide Saviani, concedida às organizadoras desta edição, Maria de Fátima Rodrigues Pereira, Gilcilene de Oliveira Damasceno Barão onde reflete sobre Educação Socialista, suas práticas, seus teóricos e desafios que se colocam à escola pública brasileira quando aponta elementos para da sua efetivação. 
O PROBLEMA DA CULTURA SOCIALISTA
Authors: Lunatchárski Anatole
Published: October 2018

Capitulo a respeito da educação e cultura socialista.
Wound Characteristics Among Patients Exposed to Xylazine
Authors: Lutz Lydia , McFadden Rachel , Xu Lin , Bhatia Ranvir , Davis M. Holliday , Rohacs Natasa , Wei Jenny , Perrone Jeanmarie , Lowenstein Margaret , Thakrar Ashish P.
Published: November 2024

Importance

The alpha-2 agonist xylazine is increasingly detected as an adulterant in illicitly manufactured fentanyl. There is concern that xylazine may be responsible for an emerging pattern of necrotizing wounds among people who use drugs, but the clinical features of wounds associated with xylazine remain poorly characterized.

Objective

To systematically characterize the location, wound bed surface, and chronicity of wounds among persons with confirmed xylazine exposure.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This case series at 3 academic medical hospitals in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, included patients with emergency department or inpatient encounters from April 2022 to February 2023 who had a wound-related chief complaint and xylazine detected with urine gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy.

Exposure

Xylazine.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The location, size, wound bed, and chronicity of wounds associated with xylazine using electronic medical record abstraction and Fisher exact tests.

Results

Of 59 wounds from 29 unique patients with confirmed xylazine exposure (mean [SD] age, 39.4 [8.8] years; 15 [52%] male; all using fentanyl, and 23 [79%] routinely injecting opioids), 53 wounds (90%) were located on extremities, and 41 (69%) involved extensor surfaces. Five wounds (9%) involved exposed deep structures such as bone or tendon. Of 57 wounds with photographs, 34 (60%) had wound beds of predominantly devitalized tissue (eschar or slough). Based on patient report, 28 wounds (48%) were acute (<1 month old), 12 (20%) were subacute (present for 1-3 months), and 17 (29%) were chronic (developed ≥3 months prior). Subacute and chronic wounds were more often medium or large in size (odds ratio, 48.5; 95% CI, 8.2-1274.8; P < .001) and more frequently had devitalized wound beds (odds ratio, 9.5; 95% CI, 2.9-37.0; P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this case series of hospitalized patients with confirmed xylazine exposure, wounds were commonly located on extensor surfaces of the extremities, frequently had devitalized tissue or exposed deep structures, and were more likely to have larger and necrotic wound beds the longer they had persisted. This systematic characterization of xylazine-associated wounds may inform identification, management, and research to address this emerging public health threat.
Advancing Global Pharmacoequity in Oncology
Authors: Erfani Parsa , Okediji Ruth L. , Mulema Vivienne , Cliff Edward R. Scheffer , Asante-Shongwe Kwanele , Bychkovksy Brittany L. , Fadelu Temidayo
Published: November 2024

Importance

Limited availability and affordability of cancer drugs contribute to staggering disparities in cancer survival between high-income and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As infrastructure for cancer care rapidly develops, there is an urgent need to reduce prices and improve access to cancer medicines in LMICs to advance pharmacoequity globally.

Observations

Prior strategies to expand access to cancer medicines in LMICs have primarily relied on charity or differential pricing and have yielded limited results. Policymakers at the World Health Assembly recently proposed several strategies to increase global access to cancer drugs. Reviewing empirical data and lessons learned from medication access programs for HIV, COVID-19, and other infectious diseases, 3 strategies that multilateral organizations can use to reduce prices of cancer drugs in LMICs are discussed herein. These include (1) building regional technology transfer and manufacturing hubs, (2) expanding and streamlining use of compulsory licenses, and (3) implementing global standards for drug price transparency. Counterpoints to the critiques of these policies are critiqued and how programs can use these strategies to build on existing disease-centered initiatives is discussed.

Conclusions and Relevance

Lessons learned from the global response to HIV and COVID-19 show that international collaboration and support from the World Health and Trade Organizations can ensure a unified, coordinated agenda for advancing access to care in LMICs. Building on these lessons and implementing similar approaches for cancer drugs can play a critical role in expanding accessibility and affordability of cancer medicines in LMICs. With a growing burden of cancer morbidity and mortality in LMICs, redoubled efforts to deliver essential cancer medications to LMICs would have an immense impact on global cancer control and achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Precision Macroporous Monoliths Made Using High‐Throughput Microfluidic Emulsification
Authors: Mattich Iacopo , Ofner Alessandro , Studart André R.
Published: November 2024

Materials with pore sizes ranging from micrometers to millimeters find use in thermal insulation, acoustics, separation, and energy‐related applications. While several routes have been developed to manufacture such macroporous materials, current fabrication technologies remain limited in either scalability or pore size control. Herein, a scalable microfluidic approach is reported to create macroporous materials with precisely controlled pore sizes from monodisperse emulsion templates. Emulsion droplets produced in a parallelized step emulsification device are assembled by gravity and converted into macroporous monoliths by polymerization and drying. Microstructural analysis and model filtration experiments show that the pore windows of the bulk macroporous material can be tightly controlled and used for the size‐selective separation of particles from suspensions. By heat treating macroporous structures of selected compositions, one can also create bulk carbon and silica glass monoliths with unique cellular architectures for potential applications as filters, separation membranes, or catalyst supports.
Mechanisms of Increasing Weld Depth during Temporal Power Modulation in High‐Power Laser Beam Welding
Authors: Grajczak Jan , Reynders David , Nowroth Christian , Twiefel Jens , Wallaschek Jörg , Nothdurft Sarah , Hermsdorf Jörg , Kaierle Stefan
Published: November 2024

Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of action for increasing weld depth during temporal power modulation in laser beam welding could allow dissimilar rotational welding without the introduction of concomitant turbulence, but with enhanced intermixing. The investigations are conducted on 30 mm‐diameter round bars of stainless steel alloy 1.4301 and nickel base alloy 2.4856 utilizing a 16 kW disk laser beam source. Modulation frequencies are 0/50/100/200 Hz at low, medium, and high amplitudes of laser beam power. The influence on the process and weld characteristics is investigated through high‐speed imaging with grayscale analysis, keyhole depth measurements, metallographic sections, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis. The objectives are successfully achieved, and the underlying mechanism is maintaining the keyhole depth at a higher level for modulation frequencies of 200 Hz and a high amplitude of laser beam power, which is related to the keyhole inertia. Based on this, a novel welding mode with a constant keyhole depth is proposed. Furthermore, up to 20% increase in weld depth is achieved, a saturation limit for the modulation frequency is identified, intermixing within the weld is enhanced, and a model for predicting the weld depth based solely on measurements of the surface width is developed.
Donor–Acceptor Type Solvatochromic Flavonoid Materials Fluorphores for Polarity Sensing and Real‐Time Temperature Monitoring
Authors: Liu Anqi , Zhang Qipeng , Pan Lei , Yang Fan , Lin Dan , Jiang Changlong
Published: November 2024

Electron donor–acceptor (D–A) molecules are emerging tools for designing sensitive luminogens, attracting significant research attention. However, due to poor quantum yields under certain conditions, current D–A fluorophores often suffer from fluorescence quenching in practical applications. Developing new D–A dyes and functional composites is crucial for expanding their applications. Here, a novel donor–acceptor type flavonoid dye molecule, namely “AFL”, exhibiting both polarity‐dependent fluorescence emission wavelength shift and viscosity‐dependent intensity change, for polarity measurement and temperature sensing is designed and synthesized. Because the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) can be enhanced by a decrease of excited state energy caused in high‐polarity organic solvents, AFL undergoes fluorescence emission wavelength shift that shows fluorescence color response to solvents of different polarities and hence differentiates between them. Moreover, the actual temperature can be monitored by the as‐designed AFL@tetradecanoic acid (AFL@TA) sensor. By combining with TA, viscosity sensitively changes upon the temperature change of insoluble composites, thus realizing the fluorescence intensity response to temperature. Remarkable recyclable performance and satisfactory mechanical properties are integrated. This study provides a promising approach to developing a new D–A fluorescent probe and furnishes perspectives on the potential of such D–A type flavonoid material in stimuli‐responsive systems with a focus on visualization sensing technology.
Rational Electrode Design for Enhanced Battery Performance: Addressing SOC Heterogeneity and Achieving Energy Density
Authors: Yan Ziwen , Wang Li , He Xiangming
Published: November 2024

The heterogeneity in the state of charge (SOC) across electrodes can significantly abbreviate battery lifespan, deteriorate safety metrics, and diminish capability rate. Despite being a known issue for some time, the factors contributing to this phenomenon have not been systematically summarized. Without a thorough understanding of the underlying causes, it is difficult to devise preventive strategies that can effectively enhance electrode behavior. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors inducing electrode SOC heterogeneity, identifying the unequal distribution of ions and electrons as the primary cause of the varied reaction rates across the electrode, which ultimately leads to SOC heterogeneity. Subsequently, preventive measures are outlined with a focus on electrode composition and structure. Furthermore, implications of SOC heterogeneity and the challenges associated with achieving both large power density and high energy density in electrodes are discussed. A more profound grasp of the mechanisms governing ion and electron conduction, coupled with materials that can resolve these dilemmas into win–win outcomes, is essential for the advancement of electrodes.
Dual‐Phase Singularity at a Single Incident Angle with Spectral Tunability in Tamm Cavities
Authors: Sreekanth Kandammathe Valiyaveedu , Jana Sambhu , Wu Qing Yang Steve , Zhao Meng , Singh Ranjan , Teng Jinghua
Published: November 2024

The phase singularity, a sudden phase change occurring at the reflection zero is widely explored using various nanophotonic systems such as metamaterials and thin film cavities. Typically, these systems exhibit a single reflection zero with a phase singularity at a specific incident angle, particularly at larger angles of incidence (>50 degrees). However, achieving multiple phase singularities at a single incident angle remains a formidable challenge. Here, the existence of a dual‐phase singularity is experimentally demonstrated at a lower incident angle using a tunable Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) cavity that consists of gold‐coated ultralow‐loss phase change material Sb2S3‐based distributed Bragg reflector. It can excite narrowband TPP resonances from normal incidence to a wide angle of incidence for both s‐ and p‐polarizations of light. Notably, this TPP cavity shows dual‐phase singularity at lower angles of incidence since the excited TPP for s‐ and p‐polarizations exhibits zero reflection at slightly different wavelengths for the same incident angle. A TPP cavity‐based scalable hydrogen sensor is proposed and shows that the dual‐phase singularity can further improve the sensitivity of singular phase‐based sensing approaches. Moreover, spectrally tunable dual‐phase singularity is experimentally demonstrated at a lower incident angle using a metal‐free Tamm cavity.