bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIO-ECONOMIC THEORY OF OVERCOMING THE BACKWARDNESS OF UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, Dakhaeva D.F. , Amirova A.A. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after akad. M.D. Millionshchikova
Published: January 2022

The author analyzes the structure of the institutional current in economic theory. The reasons for economic backwardness on the world level and, in particular, in our country are discussed. The goal of ra bo is you. The socio-economic theory is based on the mechanism of preventing backwardness in underdeveloped countries. A method or methodology about conducting work. The analysis of the institutional current in economic theory is carried out, as well as the reasons for the economic situation at the world level and, in particular, in our country are analyzed. The result is you. The indicators of the level of economic development demonstrate the development or growth of the country. The institutional theory of flax explains their underlying causes. The basis of the institutional theory is the explanation of the structure and function of organizations by its occurrence with elements of the external environment. Institutional theory studies socio-economic processes in their historical development, political, legal and social context. Institutionalists tend to analyze not only purely economic, but also social forces that drive the process of development. The scope of the results. The results of the conducted research can be used in the analysis of the socio-economic changes that form the socio-economic environment of the country's market economy. Conclusions. It is concluded that if there are no reasons for the underdeveloped economy, it is necessary to implement social, legal, and political changes in the context.
RATING ASSESSMENT OF MUNICIPAL ENTITIES: THEORETICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Vasiliev V.D. , Vasiliev E.V. ,   Tyumen Industrial University, Sbitnev A.E. ,   Tyumen Industrial University
Published: January 2022

Рейтинговые модели, расчеты и оценки были и, скорее всего, будут и далее актуальны и востребованы в силу присущих им самых разнообразно-многочисленных целевых аспектов: определения лидеров и аутсайдеров, достоинств и недостатков сравниваемых вариантов, направлений движения, трендов, дискурсов, драйверов; показа перспектив, сценариев, планов развития. Основу всех рейтинговых методологий, парадигм, подходов, принципов, методик определяет теория многокритериальной оптимизации, предполагающая наличие количественных оценок экстремизируемых критериев для всех сравниваемых территориальных объектов, хотя, очевидно, конкретика расчетно-аналитических процедур (в рамках этой теории) различна для топовых рейтинговых агентств. Для интегральной (комплексной, обобщенной) оценки муниципалитетов или городских территорий авторы предлагают некоторый кластер объективных и рационально-структурированных моделей минимизируемых компромиссных критериев, представляющих собой отношение оценки плохой (некомфортной) волатильности к хорошей (комфортной) и не зависящих (индифферентных) от возможных схем нормализации принятого набора оценочных показателей. Модели рейтинговых оценок – это практически всегда некоторый субъективный концепт, что следует из методов исследования проблем многокритериальной оптимизации, некоторые из которых всегда решаются только на уровне идей, а именно: проблема нормализации, проблема учета приоритета оценочных территориальных индикаторов, проблема свертки набора критериев (показателей) в скалярный компромиссный. Основными результатами, полученными авторами, являются следующие. Показана необходимость получения рейтинговых оценок на основе формализованных аналитических моделей. Приведена краткая система оценочных показателей, отражающих современные целевые направления. На основе теории многокритериальной оптимизации представлены основные схемы нормализации показателей, сформированы авторские компромиссно-интегральные критерии для ранжирования (рейтингирования) муниципальных образований.
STATE SUPPORT AND INVESTMENT OF REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL
Authors:   Leading Researcher of the Orenburg branch of Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ogorodnikov P.I. , Speshilova N.V. ,   Leading Researcher of the Orenburg branch of Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Speshilov E.A. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: January 2022

In modern economic conditions, the well-being and sustainable functioning of any country depends on many factors, and therefore, the leadership strives for continuous improvement and growth of the socio-economic situation of its powers. This is expressed in state regulation and support of various sectors of the economy, and agriculture is one of them. The need to support the agricultural sector is due to the following factors: the great influence of geographical and climatic conditions on production, the vital need of people for food, the low profitability of production of agricultural organizations, depending, among other things, on the disparity of prices. The purpose of the work was to analyze the dynamics of agricultural production development in Russia, taking into account the impact of state regulation programs and the investment potential of the regions. The article presents information for 2015-2019. according to the production of the main types of agricultural products of the Russian Federation and the volume of investments in fixed assets. The emphasis is placed on stimulating investment activity in the agro-industrial complex in the federal districts. It is noted that the Orenburg Region is one of the most developed agricultural regions of the Volga Federal District. The dynamics of indicators of financing of the State program in the areas of state support in the region is presented. The dependence of the influence of factors on the level of agricultural production in the Orenburg region is revealed and a multiple regression equation is presented, in accordance with the coefficients of which promising directions for the development of agriculture in the region are formulated. The analysis of both proposed and previously implemented investment projects (with federal and regional participation) was carried out using the net discounted value method. The methods and tools of econometric modeling using the MSExcel table processor were used in the work.
THE SYSTEM OF INTER-PRODUCT BALANCES IN FORECASTING THE AGRI-FOOD COMPLEX OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Anfinogentova A. A. , Reshetnikova N. V. ,   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

The article substantiates the conditions for achieving general and partial equilibrium in a market economy based on the use of a system of inter-product balances and modified symmetric input-output tables of the agri-food complex. A critical assessment of the experience of development and use in forecasting material balances of production and distribution of the main types of agricultural and food industry products in Russia is given, the need for a systematic approach to substantiating the vector of the final product of the agri-food complex is proved. The scheme and economic-mathematical model of the inter-product balance of the agri-food complex are proposed. Possibilities of constructing a cost input-output balance of production and distribution of the complex’s production and its inclusion in a multi-level system of modified input-output tables of a region and a country are stated. The efficiency of using the “input-output” method at the enterprise level is substantiated as a means of ensuring sustainable growth of the final results of the agri-food complex. The necessity of using innovative forecasting methods in the context of increasing uncertainty in the development of foreign economic relations of Russia, caused by the crisis in the world economy, is shown. The results of forecasting the export of the main types of final products of the agri-food complex of Russia for the period up to 2024, obtained using data visualization methods for forecasting in the face of increasing uncertainty in the development of the global agri-food system, are presented. The results obtained in the course of the study have indicators of the likelihood of their achievement due to the peculiarities of the approach used.
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AS A BASIS OF SUSTAINABILITY FOOD SYSTEM OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS, Yakovenko N. A. , Ivanenko I. S. ,   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to assessing the impact of the implementation of the import substitution policy on food security and the stability of the food system in Russia in the face of new challenges and risks. Globalization processes have increased the impact of uncertainties, including the coronavirus pandemic, on the sustainable functioning of national food systems. The analysis of changes in the macroeconomic parameters of the country’s food security is carried out. A study of self-sufficiency indicators, coefficients of import priority and import load showed a decrease in the dependence of the domestic market on imports for the main types of products. The problematic segments of the food market were identified: milk and dairy products, fruits and berries. Even with high production rates in recent years, the market remains highly dependent on external supplies of fruits and berries, milk and dairy products. Import substitution processes have only slightly affected the non-agricultural stages of the agri-food complex. The pro- duction potential of the food system of Russia re- mains highly dependent on imports of the main types of machinery and equipment, technologies and innovative developments, which is an external risk of its sustainability. The strategic priorities for the development of the agri-food complex, which ensure the sustainability of the country’s food system, have been substantiated. It is concluded that the current trend in the development of food systems is not just an increase in the production of agricultural products and food. When developing and implementing agricultural policy, it is necessary to take into account the multi- functionality of food systems, which suggests a balance between meeting the growing demand for food and rational use of resources, using innovative production methods and increasing food quality, reducing environmental pollution, reducing soil degradation and greenhouse gas emissions, etc.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE AGROINDUSTRIAL CLUSTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors:   Russian Academy of Staffing for the Agro-Industrial Complex, Mozhaev E. E. , Markov A. K. ,   All- Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Vasilyeva I. V. ,   Russian State Agrarian Correspondence University
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the issues of improving the management of the agro-industrial cluster, which is a condition for increasing the efficiency of its production and financial activities. In the domestic economic literature, it is customary to distinguish between 3 types of clusters, each of which emphasizes a particular priority of its functioning. We consider the third type of cluster – industry clusters – large-scale associations, defined in relation to any main industry (agro-industrial, chemical clusters, etc.). Research shows that the process of development or lagging of the economy, including the agricultural sector, is not accidental, but is determined by the quality of the management system. The regional agro-industrial complex management system is one of the main elements of the entire agro-industrial complex management system, the essence of which is to establish the optimal ratios of individual blocks, modules of the production vertical and structural horizontal. The functioning of these blocks of management of the regional agro-industrial complex is based on a rational combination of integration and cooperation in the agricultural sector, integrated information systems, price and financial-credit mechanisms, budgetary support and investments. In the pro- posed model of management of the regional agro-industrial complex on the principles of state regulation, the priority role belongs to state bodies, which allows, in modern conditions, to establish intersectoral and interregional ties. When preparing progressive models of agro-industrial complex management, developers should take into account the following factors: climatic and economic, the specifics of the development of the region (country, federal district, constituent entity of the Russian Federation, municipal formation); management level; provision of labor resources and their quality characteristics; the readiness of the subjects and objects of management to perceive this model; financial, logistical and other capabilities, etc.
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF THE FORMATION OF REPRODUCTIVE ORIENTATIONS OF MODERN YOUTH (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SARATOV REGION)
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vyalshina A. A.
Published: January 2022

Article is devoted to the analysis of differences in formation of reproductive and family and marriage installations of modern youth depending on a floor and the birthplace (the city or rural areas). Results of the applied pilot sociological research conducted by Institute of agrarian problems of RAS with participation of students of Saratov State Agrarian University in the name of N. I. Vavilov (N = 216) are information base of a research. The received results demonstrate that young women continue to transform the installations concerning family, marriage, children and the role in family in comparison with young men. It is revealed that girls plan to have less children, than young men, actively defend the ideas of gender equality and the priority right in the solution of the questions concerning children. The research confirms that the maximum distinctions are observed between reproductive installations of natives of rural areas and city dwellers. It is shown that the village maintains traditional ideas of family and marriage, their importance for wellbeing and happiness of children, about cast of men and women to family so far. It is revealed that young villagers respond on the majority of proposed measures of increase in birth rate more actively and consider them effective. The conclusion is drawn on need of the differentiated approach during the developing and realization of the effective instruments of increase in birth rate in the country considering variety of matrimonial and reproductive preferences of various social and demographic groups of modern youth. For complex development of rural territories the revealed potential of growth of birth rate in the village in the presence of favorable conditions for life in rural areas is of particular importance.
CATTLE BREEDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Buryat State Agricultural Academy named after V.R. Filippov, Garmaev D. T. , Tsydypova A. V. ,   Buryat State Agricultural Academy named after V.R. Filippov
Published: January 2022

The article considers one of the main directions of increasing the level of food security of the country at the present time – the development of specialized beef cattle breeding, which contributes to an increase in pro- duction volumes in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of the development of the beef catle breeding industry; it is recommended to take measures to increase the production of beef meat in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. Methods used: static, comparison, deductive analysis with a monographic survey, and also used logical, static, mathematical methods of information processing. The natural and climatic conditions of the republic are characterized as extreme, which increase costs, require disproportionately significant costs for the production of crop products, necessitate an increase in feed for the production of live- stock products, due to a long stall period and low negative temperatures determine its high cost. For the development of pedigree farms engaged in beef cattle breeding, the following measures will be taken: creation of stations for testing pedigree bulls on the basis of cows’ own productivity. Beef cattle breeding in the Republic of Buryatia is the most labor-intensive industry with a long payback period, therefore this sector is underdeveloped. The main problems of beef cattle breeding: the lack of high-value breeding bulls, the technology of dairy and beef cattle breeding is carried out on an extensive basis, and the low potential of livestock productivity. The following activities will take place. Measures to increase the production of high-quality beef: formation of a breeding base for beef cattle breeding based on the provision of differentiated subsidies for the maintenance of broodstock of beef cattle according to the “cow-calf” system in breeding plants and pedigree reproducers; purchase of pedigree young stock of specialized meat breeds.
version:	FEATURES OF STAFFING OF DIGITALIZATION PROCESSES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agriculture - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Serdobintsev D. V. , Aleshina E. A. ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agriculture - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novikov I. S. ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agriculture - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

At the present stage of the development of the world economy, those agricultural companies that fully apply modern technologies have significant advantages. At the same time, today there are active processes of digitalization of all sectors of the domestic economy, specialized departments are being created, targeted programs are being developed and implemented, including in agriculture. Digitization of agribusiness is the result of the inclusion of digital technologies (including the use of local subsystems for managing technological operations) in various elements of the activities of an agricultural organization (production, processing, sale, supply and service) to create consumer value of products, starting from planning, organizing and implementing the production cycle , and ending with the satisfaction of consumer demand. At the same time, for the effective implementation of the digitalization process, it is necessary to recruit the staff of enterprises with the appropriate number of specialists. The theoretical foundations of training and employment of specialists in the field of information technology (IT), as well as methods of managing IT personnel in agriculture. The modern level of digitalization in Russia and other countries of the world is analyzed and compared. The level of employment of IT specialists in the context of various sectors of the country’s economy is considered. The analysis of the dynamics of the state of training information technology specialists in Russian universities, including indicators of admission, graduation, competition and the share of IT specialists in the total number. The situation with the training of students in leading universities is considered in detail. Regularities have been identified that reflect the annual volatility of the number of applicants with a general trend of moderate growth, a forecast has been made for maintaining the corresponding parameters of admission and release of students, the attractiveness of vacancies in the agricultural sector has been determined on the basis of a retrospective analysis of indicators characterizing the formation of human resources in the information technology sphere. A set of measures is proposed to increase the provision of the agricultural sector with highly qualified IT specialists.
RESEARCH OF THE COMPANY’S MARKETING ENVIRONMENT BASED ON DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TOOLS AND A PROCESS FRAMEWORK
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Leonenko E. A. , Kunev S. V. ,   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: January 2022

The study of the marketing environment of an enterprise is one of the most difficult types of marketing activities, since it always contains an element of foreseeing a difficult and contradictory socio-economic object – the market, therefore, the content and forms of research of the marketing environment depend on the eco- nomic structure, external and internal conditions in which it is develops, and can vary significantly. In the 21st century, the processes of growth in the use of various digital tools in various areas of business are seriously accelerating. At the same time, the catalyst for these processes in 2020 was the coronavirus pandemic. However, the changes that have taken place in the rate of introduction of digital tools will not only not receive a reverse vector, but will probably be intensified already in the context of the announced reduction of quarantine measures. At the same time, the market of marketing research tools currently has full-fledged software products for a long time (ALS Base, Marketing Ana- lytic, Marketing Expert, Power analysis, BEST Marketing, etc.) that work directly in marketing or planning divisions of organizations, as well as digital online services (Google Analytics and Yadex. Metrics, IBM Watson Analitics), applications for smartphones, etc. At the same time, all digital tools imply the use of a digital footprint, which, given the still insufficient presence of Russian companies on the Internet, leads to a limitation of their use for analytical purposes. At the same time, another trend is the introduction of a digital framework, also called Scrum technology, which is a set of principles and tools that are most often used in IT development. With their help, a developer can make a workable product in iterations of limited duration, called sprints. Product capabilities are determined when planning a sprint. The short-term iteration ensures predictability of development and, at the same time, flexibility of the process.
DIRECTIONS FOR INCREASING EFFICIENCY AND REDUCING THE RISK OF ACTIVITIES OF AGRO ENTERPRISES IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Analysis and Audit of the Saratov State Agrarian University, Sharonova E. V.
Published: January 2022

Agriculture can rightfully be called one of the most risky areas of production and business. Modern technologies, machines, information systems make it possible to accurately predict and assess risks, and therefore pro- vide agricultural producers with opportunities to manage risk, the final results of production activities, and indicators of efficiency and profitability. The article discusses the impact on reducing the risk of production and increasing the efficiency of the introduction of digital technologies in agriculture. The author highlighted the main legislative and regulatory documents that determine the staging of the process of introducing digital technologies into agricultural production, and also analyzed the implemented activities, programs and projects within the framework of the Digital Agriculture project. The impact of risks on agricultural production is undeniable, they cause fluctuations in both indicators of agricultural production and related industries (processing, food processing), determine not only the profitability of agricultural producers, but also the food and economic security of the country. The author identifies the formation of a digital environment in agriculture as one of the areas of control, regulation and minimization of production risk to an acceptably low level, as well as increasing production efficiency. The introduction of digital technologies in agriculture, based on digital solutions such as big data and artificial intelligence, the Internet of things and robotization, is carried out both at the national, regional and agribusiness levels. Therefore, it is important to evaluate each digital solution, the effectiveness of its implementation and the ability to influence the final result of the activity.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF READINESS OF THE DOMESTIC CROP INDUSTRY FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors:   Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center, Kholodova М. A. , Sheikhova M. S. ,   Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center, Sharovatova Т. I. ,   Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center
Published: January 2022

The main directions in the development of technical re-equipment in the modern world are the transition to a digital economy aimed at reducing costs through the use of computer technologies in the management, repair and regulation of equipment, the use of IT technologies to improve the quality and efficiency of technology. At present, serious «digital» transformations are taking place in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, as well as in other sectors of the economy. Identifying their directions, nature and degree of influence, in particular, on agriculture is an important urgent task. The article discusses the trends in the creation and implementation of digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex, as well as the demand for these technologies by the economic entities of the agro-industrial complex. The article analyzes foreign experience in the development of information and communication technologies in the agricultural sector and the peculiarities of the Russian approach to digitalization of the agricultural sector of the economy. The digital backwardness of the country is substantiated, which creates significant barriers to the digitalization of the domestic crop industry. Special attention is paid to the material and technical condition of the industry as a key element of digital transformations. It is emphasized that the informatization of technological processes in conjunction with the use of high-performance agricultural machinery in agriculture has a significant impact on the average annual number of employees of the crop industry. A model of a complete innovative integrated scientific and technical cycle of end-to-end digital systems for the Russian crop industry has been developed. A comparison of the dynamics of the indicators of the Digital Agriculture project and the total costs of its implementation made it possible to assess the level of readiness of the domestic crop industry for digital transformations.
ENTERPRISE CLUSTERS IN INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TAJIKISTAN ECONOMY
Authors:   Tajik state university of commerce, Komarova G. B. , Azizova Sh. G. ,   Tajik state university of commerce, Kobilov Sh. A. ,   Tajik state university of commerce
Published: January 2022

In article questions of development of innovative economy of the Republic of Tajikistan and a role of business and clusters in this process are considered. Special attention is paid to state-private partnership, its forms of support to economic entities with innovative orientation of their activity. Current trends of social and economic development of the Republic of Tajikistan in the conditions of realization of the market reforms directed to formation of innovative economy are characterized by existence of a number of problems in development of activity of enterprise structures: resource restrictions, imperfection of the standard and legal and legislative base, high tax burden, etc. The listed above problems designated need of search of the new forms and methods of functioning providing sustainable development and competitiveness to economic entities. One of the directions of innovative development of economy of the republic is creation of clusters in various sectors of the economy. Enterprise clusters are designed to solve a number of social problems: creation of new jobs, increase in employment rate and employment of the population, the presented possibilities of self-realization to knowledge, skills of businessmen, increases in the standard of living of the population, etc. It is necessary to carry to economic tasks: formation of the competitive environment, saturation of the regional markets goods and services when ensuring support from the state and large business. Introduction of a cluster system of development of business in modern conditions will allow to overcome negative trends in economy, to make use of foreign experience in ensuring steady rates of economic development and increase in level and quality of life of the population of the republic. The offered forms of state-private partnership will promote consolidation of resources of economic subjects, development of infrastructure that will attract investments into development of the separate industries, creation of clusters. In the conclusion measures for development of the cluster focused economy in relation to conditions of regions of the Republic of Tajikistan are proposed.
ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN RURAL AREAS OF THE VOLGA FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agriculture - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Рrovidonova N. V. , Kryuchkov G. G. ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Economics and Organization of Agriculture - a separate structural subdivision of the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

Since the 1990s, in Russia, the ratio of fertility, mortality and migration processes has led to a steady decline in the population. Today this trend is especially noticeable in rural areas. This is due to the fact that the socio-economic, engineering, household and cultural conditions for the development of rural areas lag significantly behind cities and large industrial agglomerations. At the same time, the parameters of the socio-demographic situation are formed as a result of the interaction of various social phenomena and processes that exist in rural areas. So the issues of demographic regulation, a decent standard of living and development of the village are gaining priority. Today many scientists come to the conclusion that it is necessary to transfer the aspect of research from measuring economic production to measuring the well-being of the population. The interaction of reproduction processes determines important aspects of the socio-economic and everyday life of the territories, such as the provision of jobs, housing, educational and healthcare institutions, culture, sports, etc. The demographic and economic development of society are mutually conditioning and complementary processes of each other, which have an impact on all other spheres of public life, both in urban and rural environments. Changes in demographic processes inevitably entail changes in economic relations. At present the problems of measuring the quality of life of the population are acquiring strategic importance, arousing interest at the international and national levels. The quality of life becomes an integral indicator of the assessment of social programs, projects and determines the most important conditions for a person’s life.
MODEL FOR ANALYSIS AND FORECAST THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN RURAL AREAS OF THE REGION
Authors:   FSBSI «Povolzhsky Research Institute of Economics and Organization of the Agroindustrial Complex», Zotova M. A.
Published: January 2022

In modern conditions of the deteriorating demographic situation in most regions of the Russian Federation, the most important task should be demographic regulation and a decent standard of living and development of the countryside and rural areas. The issues of studying the quality and standard of living in rural areas of the region are becoming actual. The purpose of this work is to develop a model for analyzing and forecasting the quality of life of the rural population, which has variability in the use of analytical and forecast indicators in order to improve the socio-demographic situation of rural areas in the region. The model presented by the author for assessing and forecasting the quality of life of rural residents of the region consists of two parts and works in two directions: assesses the current current state, when any real-life values of the main indicators are introduced – factors or established by experts in the socio-demographic area; carries out a forecast of the socio-demographic situation in the presence of some measures of socio-demographic support planned for the future. It should be noted that the developed model for the analysis and fore- cast of the quality of life of the rural population is based on the use of empirical research methods based on the knowledge of real research objects. The research is addressed to experts, sectoral re- search institutions, employees of various government bodies, who, using the developed model of analysis and forecast of the living standards of the rural population, will be able to analyze and identify the influence of one factor or their combination on the current problem in the region, and make appropriate decisions on response to the current situation, including increasing funding for individual elements of the model.
PLANNING AND EVALUATION OF TAX BURDEN OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS ON «PROFITABLE» TAXES AND CHARGES
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named N. I. Vavilov, Nayanov A. V. , Alaikina L. N. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named N. I. Vavilov, Novoselova S. A. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named N. I. Vavilov, Kotar O. K. ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named N. I. Vavilov
Published: January 2022

The agrarian sector of the Russian economy is systematically exposed to state intervention in terms of establishing a special tax regime and providing benefits for certain types of taxes. Along with this, the current tax mechanisms that stimulate investment, innovation and entrepreneurial activities of economic entities of the agro-industrial complex have not been sufficiently worked out, which periodically entails the emergence of a number of problems in the conduct of agribusiness. The article deals with the problematic issues of assessing and planning the tax burden of agricultural producers on the «profitable» taxes at the regional level, the revenues of which largely depends on the filling of budgets of all levels. In this regard, for the executive and legislative authorities of subsidized regions, the issues of objectivity in assessing the tax burden on «profitable» taxes and the possibility of increasing tax revenues from them to the budget are of particular interest. The aim of the study is to analyze the tax burden of agricultural enterprises in terms of «profitable» taxes and to develop proposals for improving the methodology for its assessment, taking into account the close relationship between production efficiency and tax policy. The authors analyzed the flows of tax payments, as well as the list of obligations of agricultural producers of the Saratov region to pay «profitable» taxes, depending on the selected tax regime. The problematic issues of the mechanism of formation of the taxable base and the possibility of eliminating the impact of the human factor on the reduction of the taxable base for «profit- able» taxes are considered. The author’s method of determining the normative taxable base of agricultural organizations for «profitable» taxes, taking into account the profitability of production and differentiation by natural and economic microzones of the Saratov region, is proposed. Using the available information base, the calculation of the regulatory taxable base of agricultural enterprises for profit tax and unified agricultural tax in the context of microzones of the Saratov region was carried out.
ANALYSIS OF ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES OF THREAT OF BANKRUPTCY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE ENTERPRISE: ECONOMIC CALCULATION
Authors:   Sterlitamak branch of the Bashkir State University, Biryukov A. N. , Bagautdinova G. M. ,   Sterlitamak branch of the Bashkir State University
Published: January 2022

The large number of techniques of the analysis of bankruptcy both in foreign, and in the Russian theory and practice often complicates the choice of a system of indicators for identification of threat of bankruptcy of the concrete enterprise. At the same time it should be noted that actually all techniques are constructed or on one of two approaches (quantitative or qualitative), or with application of one of three models: scoring model, model of the multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) and rating model. Also it causes various, often opposite, opinions on their applicability in the conditions of the Russian economy and the problem of adequacy of the received estimates keeps the relevance. In general it is possible to draw a conclusion on quite low predictive opportunities of the western and domestic models. Such result for the western models can be explained with the fact that they do not con- sider the Russian specifics and are constructed according to other data. More exact results are explained by a large number of variables in comparison with the Russian models. Feature of the Russian models also is that coefficients are picked up in the expert way, without application of methods of the statistical analysis. One shortcoming is inherent in all techniques – they consider a condition of an indicator only at the time of the analysis, and change of dynamics of indicators in time are not considered. A possibility of further development of methodology of forecasting of bankruptcy on the basis of data of financial statements of the Russian enterprises is the reliability of information on the state of affairs at the concrete enterprises and difficulty of its receiving. The practical application of the recommended indicators in the economic analysis of LLC «N» in the publication made it possible to draw conclusions similar to those that were made based on the results of studies of the use of models by foreign and Russian authors.
GROUNDING OF THE DIRECTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AGROINSURANCE IN REGIONS OF CROP SPECIALIZATION
Authors:   Institute of Agrarian Problems of RAS, Kadomtseva M. E.
Published: January 2022

Increase in quantity of the abnormal weather phenomena and amplitude of their action threatens steady agroproduction and creates risks for ensuring food security of the Russian Federation already in the medium term. It causes need of identification of characteristic climate risks for key branches of agriculture, studying of regional features of their manifestation and also justification of organizational and economic measures for mitigation from negative impact of climatic factors. A research objective is the analysis of influence of the dangerous weather phenomena on productivity of grain and leguminous crops in regions of crop specialization and development of recommendations about development of the mechanism of agroinsurance in these subjects. The research included a number of regions, in each of which the share of products of crop production in total amount across the Russian Federation from 2009 for 2019 exceeded 1%. With use of methods of the mathematicostatistical analysis three classification groups of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation are received and described. The analysis of dependence of key indicators of the grain industry on types and quantity of the dangerous weather phenomena in regions of each of the allocated groups showed the accruing influence of climate risks in the most productive regions which specific weight of products of crop pro- duction in a total amount of crop products across the Russian Federation was more than 4%. It is established that the all-Russian trends of manifestation of climate risks and their influence on productivity of basic crops are characteristic of regions of the second and third classification groups. The value of insurance of agricultural risks in the system of mechanisms of adaptation of agroproducers to the increasing climate risks is emphasized. Offers on development of the types and forms of agroinsurance considering features of regions (characteristic climate risks, the main grown-up types of products of crop production, structure of producers) everyone their the allocated classification groups are formulated.
STIMULATION OF THE AGROENTERPRISES TO AGROINSURANCE WITH STATE SUPPORT IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Russian Academy of Staffing for the Agroindustrial Complex, Belova E. V.
Published: January 2022

Considering development of the agroinsurance market, the author focuses attention to its potential opportunities taking into account increased pandemic situation. Economic consequences of Covid19 and measures undertaken by the state change methods of management of agrobusiness, the accelerated rates carry out transition to digitalization. In this connection in article the variation of application of digitalization in agroinsurance as stimulation of the agroenterprises to the conclusion of agricultural contracts with the state support is considered, the international experience of eco- systems of the insurance market is presented and the prospects of development of digital agroinsurance taking into account potential opportunities of participants of the agroinsurance market are considered, the main aspects of development of model of digital agroinsurance with the state support are proposed, offers on transformation of the operating agroinsurance system concerning index insurance products for the agroenterprises are given. Processes of digitalization in agroinsurance are connected with the Digital Agriculture project which implementation the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation began in 2019 that represents the practical importance for increase in coverage agroinsurance of the domestic agroenterprises. The model of digital agroinsurance proposed in article is offered to consideration by the author on the example of the Blockchain platform with participation of the state and insurance community which will allow agroinsurers to develop products ta- king into account features and needs of regions, and for landowners to make insurance moreconvenient and attractive. The model means use of space monitoring and remote customer service at all stages: conclusion and supportof the contract of agricultural insurance, settlement of a loss.
Uji Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid Ekstrak Metanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk) Menggunakan Metode Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis
Authors: Herman Herman , Zulfiah Zulfiah , Megawati Megawati , Hasyim Muhammad Farid , Murniati Murniati , H. Ambo Lau Sulfiyanan , Roosevelt Alfreds , Kadang Yuniharce , AR Nurul Izza , Patandung Gerfan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini adalah hasil observasi laboratorium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa alkaloid yang terdapat pada daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Identifikasi alkaloid dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan dilanjutkan dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan daun kelor positif mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Harga Rf yang didapat 0,8.
‘Só se sente nos ouvidos o próprio coração’
Authors: Ramos de Souza Jovelina Maria
Published: February 2022

Clarice Lispector, em Uma aprendizagem ou O livro dos prazeres, resgata elementos da mitologia grega na composição dos protagonistas de sua trama, como uma alusão direta ao canto XII da Odisseia, em que Odisseu escapa a sedução do canto das sereias amarrando-se ao mastro do navio.  No drama clariciano, a busca de si, a partir do outro, é o elo que tanto une e separa, como inverte a ordem dos personagens homéricos, sendo Loreley, a sereia que ensina seus encantamentos a Ulisses, o professor de filosofia, que se transforma de sedutor em aprendiz. Para entender o matiz poético-filosófico do processo de reconhecimento da consciência que emerge e se recompõe dos dois personagens, proponho revisitar a análise de Benedito Nunes, em O drama da linguagem e O dorso do tigre.
The Use of Mind Map Technique to Improve Study Group Students' Skill in Writing Descriptive Text
Authors: Arista Kadek Diana
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to improve the study group students’ skill in writing descriptive text using mind map technique. The subjects of the study were 9 students in Dana Punia Orphanage Singaraja. The data obtained was descriptively analyzed. The mean score of the pre-test was 54.5%, which was categorized as being poor to fulfill the students’ minimum standard score. After the treatment was conducted, the mean score of the students increased to 69.6% in the first cycle, and then increased to 75.3% after conducting cycle 2. The result of the study showed that the students’ achievement in writing descriptive text improved, it meant that the Mind Map technique was a very effective technique to be applied in writing descriptive text. This study is expected could be used as a reference for other researchers in conducting further study related to the teaching of writing in school, also as a comparison study for conducting technique in teaching writing especially using mind map Technique.
An Analysis of Students’ Reading Skill Using Electronic Book to Improve Students’ English Reading Literacy in Elementary School
Authors: Dwipayana Made Angga
Published: January 2022

This study was analyzed student reading skill using electronic book to improve students’ English literacy in elementary school. The subjects of the study were five articles are chosen from how the research to implement electronic book as a teaching tool to improve student reading skill. The data obtained was descriptive qualitative research. This research described the result of using e-book as a teaching tool in elementary school. The data in this study is taken from five articles that examine the use of e-book in elementary school. The result of the study showed that the interesting way to implement reading literacy for teacher in the classroom is using e-book. Electronic book can make students more interested in reading with many features. In addition, the effects of an e-book reading on the following aspects: 1) vocabulary increase, and 2) motivation and interest on reading.
Teachers’ Role in Developing Indonesian Students’ Character Education at School
Authors: Yanti Gusti Ayu Made Trisna
Published: January 2022

Character education as one of important lesson should be learned by students. It is important in order to build a good behavior of students. Moreover, it also important because the quality of a nation can be seen from the quality of the citizen. The more educated a person is, the more advanced the intelligence of nation. However, there were lot of students who still do unwanted thing at school which categorized as bad attitude. Unwanted activities may happen because students were lack of character education. Therefore, this study aimed to describe theoretical concept of teacher’s role in order to develop character education at school. Teacher’s role in developing character education is very important due to most of students’ time they spend at school. There were two main roles and several addition roles which can be taken by the teacher in order to teach character education and build a good character of students