bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The legality of roads in Chile, 1842–1969: A historical overview
Authors: Muñoz León Fernando
Published: October 2024

Currently, no academic work examines the history of the legality of roads in Chile during its independent existence as a sovereign country. Addressing this gap in the literature, this paper focuses specially on the period from 1842 to 1969, when different actors articulated a set of guiding ideas about the duties of the state and the legal powers of the administrative authority in terms of planning, construction and management of road infrastructure that would allow connectivity between population centers and across regions, according to the ideas and resources available at their historical time. This historical overview of Chilean “road law” is done in the light of insights and questions of contemporary intellectual history and institutional history. In this regard, it is argued that the evolution of road infrastructure norms and institutions during the period under study can be divided into three historical regimes, based on their fundamental legislative milestones, guiding ideas, institutional settings, and strategies of state action: from 1842 to 1887, a period of a decentralized “minimal road state” with precarious roads characterized by both material and juridical uncertainty; from 1887 to 1920, the emergence of a “proto-developmentalist road state” intent on strengthening its grip on the nationwide road infrastructure; and from 1920 to 1969, a period of a “techno-developmentalist road state” that created a nationwide paved road network for the new technology of mobile vehicles.
Peacock mites on cannon-ball tree, Couroupita guianensis (Lecythidaceae) in the Southeast Region of Brazil
Authors: Escobar-Garcia Hector Alonso , de Andrade Daniel Júnior , Beard Jennifer J. , Ochoa Ronald
Published: October 2024

Tuckerella ornata, Tuckerella knorri (Acari: Tuckerellidae) and Brevipalpus yothersi (Acari: Tenuipalpidade) were found associated with the native South American Cannon-ball tree, Couroupita guianensis, for the first time in Brazil. The trees were observed throughout their flowering season in spring for two consecutive years. The highest population densities of peacock and flat mites were located on the raceme-type inflorescences. Throughout this survey, no mites were detected on the fruits.
Strategic Design of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Professional Literacy Teaching Content in the Modern Service Industry Program in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Zhao Ruiye
Published: October 2024

The modern service industry is a new engine driving economic and social development, and the introduction of intelligent technology to optimize the optimization of professional teaching content can provide a source of motivation for the cultivation of high-quality professional service talents. This paper selects two dimensions of teaching resources recommendation and professional setting of the modern service industry in higher vocational colleges for analysis. In terms of teaching resource recommendation, the driver algorithm is used to collect teaching resources of the modern service industry, extract the resource characteristics of teaching content through keywords, and input them into the intelligent recommendation model of teaching content that combines capsule network and attention mechanism. In terms of adaptability of professional settings and industrial structures, the adaptability of modern service industry teaching can be verified through the aggregation degree, coincidence degree, and deviation degree. In this way, the optimization strategy for teaching content and professional settings in the modern service industry in higher vocational colleges is proposed. When using the model of this paper to carry out the recommendation of teaching resources for the modern service industry, the maximum gap in the COV value of the course teaching resources recommendation is 6.4 percentage points, and the fluctuation range of the NDCG value is between 4.45 and 4.79. The fit between the structure of students enrolled in the modern service industry and the tertiary industry ranged from −0.352 to −0.396, and the mean values of industry deviation and employment deviation were 0.292 and 0.499, respectively. Higher vocational colleges and universities should continuously promote the fitness of teaching resources and students, and establish a benign closed-loop consensus mechanism for industrial development and specialty settings.
Personalized Physical Education Teaching Path Planning and Optimization Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Liu Yu
Published: October 2024

Physical education courses have always been an important part of students’ comprehensive quality education, and how to make full use of big data technology to improve the informatisation level of physical education teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved at present. Through an overview of the characteristics of the personalised physical education teaching model based on deep reinforcement learning, the feature types of the collected data are clarified, and a series of data preprocessing operations are taken to remove the interfering information in the data. From the principle of deep reinforcement learning, the deep Q-network algorithm is designed, and the state space, action space, reward function, and selection strategy in the personalised sports teaching path planning model are also defined and designed. Comprehensive simulation experiments and statistical analysis confirm the personalized sports teaching path planning model based on deep reinforcement learning. In contrast, the DQN algorithm can achieve good results in any situation, and can give the most suitable personalised teaching plan according to each student’s problem in order to achieve the purpose of personalised sports teaching path planning and dynamic adjustment. The teaching model in this paper has a significant relationship with the traditional teaching model in terms of physical education learning autonomy, participation in physical education classes, and skill test scores, i.e., the teaching model in this paper has a better optimisation effect than the traditional teaching model.
Âmbito e limites do poder discricionário da Administração Pública no exercício do poder disciplinar no vínculo de emprego público
Authors: Magalhães Bárbara , Costa Rosana
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo primordial analisar o âmbito e os limites da discricionariedade no exercício do poder disciplinar no vínculo de emprego público.
Neste sentido, discricionariedade administrativa pode ser definida como o poder conferido por uma norma de competência à Administração Pública para que esta, com base nos seus próprios juízos de apreciação e valoração, decida, em última instância, sobre a melhor medida a adotar numa situação em concreto. Todavia, a escolha da administração será sempre pautada por critérios que lhe são conferidos pelos princípios e regras gerais de direito (como seja, em particular, os princípios da igualdade, imparcialidade e proporcionalidade). Deste modo, a discricionariedade administrativa está presente em todos as áreas de Direito Administrativo e, o universo do poder disciplinar no contexto do vínculo de emprego público, não é exceção. Seria meramente impossível ao legislador prever todas as situações em que a Administração terá de atuar neste domínio, e, por conseguinte, equacionar as melhores soluções para a prossecução do interesse.
Com efeito, entendemos que a discricionariedade acompanha, e bem, o exercício do poder disciplinar, não só no âmbito da infração disciplinar, como nas diversas fases do respetivo procedimento, desde a sua instauração, pois o órgão administrativo, tem poder discricionário para realizar uma primeira averiguação dos factos por forma a perceber se os mesmos indiciam ou não o cometimento de uma infração disciplinar e, por conseguinte decidir se instaura ou não o procedimento, todavia, havendo o indício claro da existência de uma infração disciplinar o agente administrativo terá necessariamente o dever de instaurar o procedimento disciplinar, até à decisão final, que pode culminar ou não na aplicação de uma sanção disciplinar.
A reflexão a que nos propomos no presente trabalho, revela-se de imperiosa importância, uma vez que o poder disciplinar poderá contender com os direitos, liberdades e garantias dos trabalhadores, podendo mesmo conduzir à sua restrição ou até eliminação.
The Institutionalization of Environmental Discourse: an Analysis of the History of International Conferences
Authors: Aguiar Leonel Azevedo de
Published: October 2024

Objective: Investigate the institutionalization of environmental protection discourse through international conferences sponsored by the United Nations.
 
Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories that underlie the research are in the works Archeology of Knowledge and Order of Discourse, by Michel Foucault.
 
Method: The Foucault archaeological method and documentary research are adopted. The corpus of the survey of official, unofficial and civil society documents is situated within the framework of the Stockholm-72 and Rio-92 conferences.
 
Results and Discussion: The critical analysis of the documents points in particular to the clash of political, economic and social forces around concepts such as eco-development and sustainable development. It concludes by pointing out that, although the environmental discourse has become institutionalized at government level, these concepts were aimed first and foremost at producing a global consensus.
 
Research Implications: The research contributes to the understanding of contemporary environmental challenges.
 
Originality/Value: The study proposes a Foucauldian approach to evaluating environmental discourse.
Priority Strategy Of Tourism Development Of Siau Tagulandang Biaro Island Regency
Authors: Raco Jozef
Published: October 2024

The recovery of the tourism industry requires the Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency to reevaluate its strategy by identifying critical development priorities. That is the aim of the study, which applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy-AHP methods. The analysis would serve to identify the key factors and establish strategic recommendations. The results show that facilities are the highest criterion (thirty-four point seven per cent AHP; thirty-four point four per cent Fuzzy-AHP). The global weight calculation shows that Maintaining the ecosystem and cleanliness of beaches/lakes/hot springs are priority elements (eight point six per cent AHP; eight point five per cent Fuzzy-AHP). The sensitivity analysis shows that the results could be more robust, consistent, and stable. These results indicate no significant difference between the AHP and Fuzzy-AHP methods. The tourism development strategy for Siau Tagulandang Biaro Regency must prioritise improving the cleanliness and health of tourist destinations. This research answers an essential problem for the Siau Islands Regency government, Tagulandang Biaro.
Connectedness Analysis And Investment Strategy Between Stablecoins And International Stock Indices
Authors: Ika Maradjabessy  , Zaafri Ananto Husodo
Published: October 2024

This research analyzes the dynamic connectedness between fiat-based stablecoins represented by USDC, USDP, and USDT, and gold-based stablecoins represented by DGX  and GLC  with indices international stocks represented by S&P500, STOXX50, Nikkei225, CSI300, and JKSE using the new method,  the DCC-GARCH based dynamic, connected approach. The result shows dynamic connectedness between stablecoins and the stocks indices; this research continues to adopt the DCC-GARCH t-copula method to find investment strategies by calculating the hedging ratio and portfolio weight. Overall, this research finds evidence that portfolio construction can significantly reduce investment risk in all assets used on two assets, Nikkei225 and JKSE. In contrast, the investment strategy with portfolio weights in long positions is suitable for gold-based stablecoins GLC and DGX, where these two assets can be a diversification strategy in compiling a portfolio in long positions with all the assets used.
Häufigkeit von sexuell übertragbaren Infektio-nen in deutschen Facharztpraxen
Authors:   IQVIA, Kostev Karel , Kalder Matthias ,   Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in dermatological, urological, and gynecological practices in Germany. Data from the nationwide IQVIA Disease Analyzer database was used for this study. This cross-sectional study included 6,535 patients in 2014 and 6,491 patients in 2023 with an insured diagnosis of a sexually transmitted disease in 69 dermatology, 148 gynecology and 55 urology practices. The number of patients treated for sexually transmitted diseases in these practices changed only minimally between 2014 and 2023. On average, each dermatology practice treated 31 patients with STIs in 2023, each gynecology practice treated 21 patients and each urology practice treated 23 patients. Anogenital warts were the most commonly diagnosed STI in all specialties, with prevalence varying by specialty. Interestingly, the number of patients per practice with anogenital warts increased slightly in dermatology and urology practices between 2014 and 2023, while it decreased in gynecology practices. The average age of patients treated for STDs increased between 2014 and 2023 In summary, this study highlights that despite vaccination efforts and awareness campaigns in various medical specialties, STI patient numbers remain almost the same and thus STI continues to be a persistent and increasing challenge in the ageing patient population. The findings call for further initiatives in the public health sector and an adjustment of everyday practice to the special needs of these patient groups.
»Zeit heilt alle Wunden nicht …«
Authors: Koch Eva
Published: October 2024

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Thematik des frühen Todes eines Kindes während der Schwangerschaft oder Geburt und den Auswirkungen auf das Familiensystem (Partnerschaft, Geschwisterkinder, soziales Umfeld). Dabei werden die verschiedenen Aspekte, die die Trauerarbeit erschweren, beleuchtet. Es werden die vielfältigen Gefühle und die unterschiedlichen Phasen der Trauer beschrieben – auch wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie lange Trauer »dauern darf«. Verschiedene Trauermodelle werden vorgestellt und zusammengefasst. Letztendlich werden Schritte auf dem Weg der Heilung aufgezeigt, um die Trauer umzuwandeln und den Verlust zu integrieren. Dabei wird auch auf die Bedeutung der Psychotherapie in der Trauerarbeit sowie der Trauerbegleitung durch Therapeuten/Innen eingegangen.
Estimation of Some Antioxidant Factors in Postmenopausal Iraqi Women with Hypertension
Authors: Jassim Abeer Mohammed , Hussain Zainab Khidhair
Published: October 2024

Postmenopausal women with hypertension may be linked with cardiovascular risk factors like visceral obesity. Changes in antioxidant levels  and lipid profile are considered risk factors concerning heart disease that arises during postmenopausal. Ninety Iraqi women aged between 53-70 years, sixty women with postmenopausal hypertension, and thirty healthy postmenopausal women were selected  as control for this study. Blood samples were taken to measure some antioxidants through enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and lipid profile by enzymatic technique. Results  showed that the mean of catalase levels was significantly lower in patients (257.62±6.99) compared towith the control group (499.30±13.08). Glutathione results were significantly lower in patients (10.99±0.26) compared with the healthy control (39.32±2.03). Cholesterol levels were significantly higher in patients (236.09±1.91), while lower levels were observed in the control group (172.67±4.92). Triglyceride levels were significantly higher both in patients (182.10±2.68) and the healthy group (145.92±5.85). HDL levels were significantly lower in patients (29.91±0.37) compared with the control group (43.02±1.38). VLDL levels were significantly higher in patients (36.49±0.54) compared with the control (29.16±1.17). LDL levels were significantly higher in patients (169.74±2.20) than in the control group (1 00.48±5.41). It can be concluded from the results that antioxidant levels decreased in postmenopausal women than in the control group. Elevation in lipid profile of postmenopausal women was observed compared with the control group.
Renal Toxic Effects of MgO NPs in Male Rats
Authors: Shafiq Ayser Abdullah , Luaib Noori Mohammed , Mahdi Raghad Harbi , Alsaimary Ihsan Edan
Published: October 2024

Engineered nanomaterials are so tiny that they cannot be seen without special equipment; they are found in many industrial products today, consumer products, medicines, and food products. The small size and other properties of nanomaterials can make them very hazardous to human health. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs), or metal oxides, have several advantages compared to other metal oxide nanoparticles because of their properties. Therefore, multiple uses of MgO NPs put human health at risk from prolonged exposure. The study aimed to determine how treatment with oral doses of MgO nanoparticles affects the kidneys of male rats through the oral route at 250 and 1000 mg/kg for 14 days, 28 days, and 56 days, respectively. Sixty mature male rats (2.5–3 months) were divided randomly into twelve groups of six rats each and gavaged with MgO NPs. The results observed a significant increase (p<0.01) in urea, creatinine, and uric acid; the histopathological examinations demonstrated necrotic debris inside the lumen of renal tubules; debris of lining epithelial cells inside the lumen of renal tubules; and the marked renal tubules were non-functional focal areas of necrosis and apoptosis. MgO NPs demonstrate potential issues with the kidneys and human health.
Analytical Modeling of Mass and Heat Transfer on Unsteady Squeezing Viscous Nanofluid Flow under the Influence of Slip Velocity
Authors: Abdul-Wahhab Renna D. , Jasim Abeer  Majeed
Published: October 2024

In this article, two-dimensional unsteady incompressible viscous nanofluids magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow among two parallel plates extended infinitely is investigated. The equations that results from the use of similarity transformations for non-linear partial differential system are solved by the new algorithm. The important key to this construct is the derivatives that appear as coefficients in the power series. The effects of apparent physical parameters on velocity concentration and temperature distributions are described using a schematic diagram and interpreted physically. The effects of apparent physical parameters on concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions are described by graphs. For the flow of nanofluids, the results indicate that it is inversely proportional between the rate of mass and heat transfer with nanoparticle size fraction and magnetic parameter. Over time, squeeze number and schmidt number lead to increase the rate of mass transfer. This problem is dissolved numerically by using the Runge-Kutta scheme of fourth-order (RK4S) .
Traffic Sign Detection Using You Only Look Once (YOLOv3) Technique
Authors: Abdulabass Dhorgam Fadhel , Abdulmunim Matheel Emaduldeen
Published: October 2024

Although deep learning-based object detection has produced excellent performance, there are still many issues with images from real-world capture, including rotating jitter, blurring, and noise deletion. The impact of these issues on object detection is significant. The main goal of this paper is to develop a real-time “You Only Look Once” (YOLOv3) algorithm to detect traffic signs. Compared to all other object detection algorithms, the YOLO method has a number of benefits. In contrast to different algorithms, YOLO looks at the image entirely by making predictions of the bounding boxes utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN), determining the probability of each class for these boxes, and detecting the image more quickly. The proposed method applies a single neural network to the entire image. Then this network divides that image into regions, which provide the bounding boxes and also predict probabilities for each region. These generated bounding boxes are weighted by the predicted probabilities. The proposed method achieves 99% accuracy in the detection process.
SARS-CoV-2 infection in children under 2 years: case series
Authors: Lopes Claudia , Guzzi Gustavo , Silva Samir , Oliveira Lorena , Alves Juliana , Pinto Marcelo , Ribeiro Leonardo , El Mafarjeh Elias
Published: October 2024

The current pandemic of the new coronavirus has brought new public health concerns, given the rapid spread around the world and the variety of clinical manifestations. In this context, the clinical picture of SARS-CoV-2 has been widely studied in different age groups. Especially in the pediatric population, it is known that the clinical picture tends to be oligosymptomatic or even asymptomatic, making diagnosis difficult. Added to this is the fact that the signs and symptoms of the flu syndrome are part of the most common complaints in the pediatric setting. Aiming to contribute to the understanding of the spectrum of clinical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 in children, the present study proposes to present a series of case reports in infants with the presence of a respiratory condition and positive RT-PCR for COVID-19, highlighting the predominant signs and symptoms, the radiological changes, the management and clinical outcome, correlating with the scientific evidence published
Inovasi Solar Dryer Dome pada Usaha Budidaya Multiguna untuk Mendukung Urban Farming di Ekowisata Sungkai Green Park Lambung Bukit Pauh Kota Padang
Authors: Daud Darwison , Zaini  , Rusydi M Ilhamdi , Aulia  , Novizon  , Yunus Syukri , Novendra Rico , Muharam Mumuh , Novandri Athalla , Mubarok Fatih , Susanti Roza
Published: October 2024

The implementation of the Solar Dryer Dome innovation in Sungkai Green Park Ecotourism, Lambung Bukit Village, Pauh District, Padang City, is a strategic step in supporting urban farming practices. Lecturers and students from the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Andalas University, have successfully integrated this technology in the cultivation of vegetables, fish, broiler chickens, and the tea drying process. This infrastructure is equipped with a UV plastic roof to protect plants from excessive UV rays, while the center of the dome functions as a fish pond that utilizes fish waste as natural fertilizer for plants. The IoT-based control system allows efficient monitoring and control via mobile devices, with various sensors for temperature, humidity, soil pH, and water quality. As a result, harvest time becomes more efficient—vegetables in 21-27 days, gourami fish around 1000 per year, broiler chickens in 30 days, and dried tea in 8 hours in sunny weather. The specific objectives of implementing this innovation at the Solar Dryer Dome location are to increase production efficiency, reduce operational costs, and improve product quality, all of which have a positive impact on local food security. This initiative also supports sustainable urban farming practices and improves community knowledge and skills in modern agriculture. Overall, the Solar Dryer Dome has a significant positive impact on the community and the surrounding environment.
A Cognitive Analysis of American and Kurdish National Anthems in the light of Text World Theory
Authors: Hassan Ikhlas Mahdi
Published: October 2024

The present study is an attempt to find out the extent to which text world theory can be applied to the analysis of American and Kurdish national anthems. It also seeks to find out the way the receivers of national anthems relate the text world into the real world, and how the interaction between them can help readers manipulate their background knowledge and real experience to process and interpret these texts. To this end, text world theory is adopted for the analysis of the selected national anthems.  The results of the analysis have shown that the text world theory can provide a systematic and scientific interpretation which can enhance the reader’s comprehension of national anthems.  The analysis results have also shown some similarities between English and Kurdish national anthems in terms of applying the parameters of the selected model.
Translating Personification in Prophetic Hadith into English
Authors: Safi Safwan Hameed
Published: October 2024

Personification is a universal linguistic phenomenon commonly used in Arabic and English to add aesthetic values to the text. As a type of figuration, personification is problematic in translation, especially in religious texts. This study deals with the rhetorical device of the Prophetic Hadith and its rendition in English. It hypothesizes that literal translation is not always appropriate as far as personification is concerned. Additionally, the vivid image implied in personified objects cannot be preserved by translators. On this basis, the study attempts to review and analyze (10) texts including personification (namely parts of the animate body organs) along with (2) renditions for each to examine and determine the suitable technique(s) in terms of ‘possibility’ and ‘necessity’ suggested by Newmark in addition to other theorists.  One of the key results of this paper is that a personifying expression is not employed haphazardly in the Prophetic Hadith; rather, it implies effective means and impressive hints. Hence, special addressing is needed in translation, considering conveying meaning at the expense of form if necessary.
The literal meaning of Slur
Authors: Mutlaq Nisreen Juma , Ali Marwa Karim
Published: October 2024

This research explores the complex and multifaceted nature of slurs within modern sociolinguistic contexts. The study aims to dissect the power dynamics embedded in these terms, examining how slurs function as instruments of social control, perpetuating stereotypes and reinforcing social hierarchies. Through a combination of qualitative analysis and case studies, this research investigates the historical origins, evolution, and contemporary usage of slurs across different cultures and communities. The findings reveal that slurs are not merely offensive words but are laden with historical and cultural significance, often reflecting broader societal attitudes towards race, gender, sexuality, and other identity markers. The study also considers the psychological impact of slurs on individuals and groups, demonstrating how these terms can inflict lasting emotional harm and contribute to a hostile social environment. In addition, the research addresses the phenomenon of reappropriation, where marginalized groups reclaim slurs as a form of empowerment and resistance. This process is analyzed to understand its potential in challenging and subverting the oppressive connotations traditionally associated with these terms. Ultimately, this paper underscores the importance of recognizing the deep-seated implications of slurs in everyday language and advocates for a more nuanced approach to addressing linguistic discrimination. The research concludes with recommendations for fostering more inclusive and respectful communication practices in diverse social settings.
An Eco-Critical Study of Richard Power’s The Overstory
Authors: Ali Banaz Wirya
Published: October 2024

The Overstory by Richard Powers (2018) is a novel with intricate narrative threads that blend human stories with the ecological. In doing so, the paper adopts eco-criticism as its theoretical framework which delivers familiarity between literary texts and the natural environment. This study focuses on how the lives of trees in the book suit to mirror human experience and tries to understand how it is a challenge to anthropocentrism, call for environmental stewardship, and critique the contemporary ecological crisis. It seeks to clarify how The Overstory works as an advocacy for environmental preservation and a re-examination of humanity's place in nature is one aspect defined. This paper demonstrates how the novel could be more effectively utilized for ecological awareness and advocacy by integrating eco-criticism and analyzing Powers’ approach to structure, character, and language. The study explores the text regarding deep ecological allegory and eco-criticism, as well as nature\'s agency, or pseudo-agency, through animals. The study helps to understand better how literature can represent and affect societal responses to environmental crises and sustainability.
الوعي السردي بالواقع العراقي المعاصر قراءة في روايات محسن الرملي
Authors: إبراهيم سامان جليل
Published: October 2024

يحاول هذا البحث الموسوم بـ " الوعي السردي بالواقع العراقي المعاصر ، قراءة في روايات محسن الرملي " ، أن يسلط الضوء على جملة من القضايا التي تركز على المجتمع بكل خلفياته الثقافية ، وهذه القضايا التي يحملها المتن السردي أسهمت في تشكيل العمل الروائي ورسم أبعاده.
    وتوّزع البحث على مقدمة وتمهيد وأربعة مباحث ، ففي المقدمة تناولت أهم الأسباب التي تقف وراء اختيار هذه الأعمال الروائية ، وعرضت في التمهيد " مفهوم الوعي السردي " ، وجاء المبحث الأول بعنوان " الوعي السردي بالواقع النفسي تجاه الآخر " ، وقدَّم المبحث الثاني " الوعي السردي تجاه العادات والتقاليد " ، أَما المبحث الثالث فقد احتوى على " الوعي السردي تجاه الهُويّة المنفتحة والمغلقة " ، وتضمّن المبحث الرابع " الوعي السردي تجاه الخطاب الديني وازدواجية التفسير" ، وختمنا البحث بأبرز النتائج التي توصلنا إليها ، وأردف ذلك بقائمة المصادر والمراجع المعتمدة .
    وقد اعتمد البحث على منهج وصفي تحليلي يتكئ على إجراءات النقد الثقافي من أجل التعرف على الأنساق الثقافية التي تمارس لعبة الخفاء والتجلي داخل الخطابات المركزية .
التوجيه النحوي عند الطبرسي (ت: 548هـ) في تفسيره مجمع البيان (المحذوف وجوباً أنموذجا
Authors: جاسم  خميس محمود كريم
Published: October 2024

تستكشف هذه الدراسة دور الإنترنت والفضاء الإلكتروني، وخاصة من خلال استخدام الرسائل الإلكترونية، كأداة للتمكين النسوي داخل المجتمع السعودي ، كما هو موضح في رواية "بنات الرياض" لرجاء الصانع. تهدف الدراسة إلى فحص كيفية استخدام الشخصيات النسائية للمساحات الافتراضية لتحدي وتفكيك المعايير والتوقعات الأبوية. من خلال الاستفادة من الطابع المجهول والاتصال الذي يوفره الإنترنت، تقوم هؤلاء النساء بإنشاء منصة للتعبير عن الذات والتضامن والمقاومة ضد الهياكل القمعية في مجتمعهن. وتجد الدراسة أن السايبر فيمينيزم (النسوية الإلكترونية) يقدم وسيلة قوية للنساء في البيئات المحافظة للتعبير عن أفكارهن والدفاع عن التغيير. علاوة على ذلك، يعمل الإنترنت كعامل محفز لأشكال جديدة من الخطاب والحراك النسوي. وتخلص الدراسة إلى أن الفضاء الإلكتروني لا يسهل فقط إنشاء هوية نسوية جماعية، بل يُمكّن النساء أيضًا من إعادة تعريف أدوارهن ومقاومة القيود الاجتماعية التقليدية.
The Role of Multi-sensory Learning Activities on Iraqi Preparatory School Pupils' Communication
Authors: Omar Marwa Yashar , Saleh Madeha Saif Aldeen
Published: October 2024

The research aims to identify how multi-sensory learning activities affect the communication growth of Iraqi preparatory school pupils as well as how those pupils' communication skills evolve in the classroom. Multi-sensory learning activities engage multiple senses (visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile) to enhance information processing and retention. By incorporating diverse sensory stimuli, these activities create rich and engaging learning experiences that cater to various learning styles. The research is hypothetical in that, in the posttest for Visual Learning Pupils, posttest for Auditory Learning Pupils, posttest for Kinesthetic Learning Pupils, and posttest for Tactile Learning Pupils communication test, The mean scores of the experimental groups and the control group differ statistically significantly. In the current research, 100 fifth-stage pupils were chosen during the academic year 2023–2024 from Aghalar Preparatory School for Boys. Every group is equal in terms of age and parents' level of education.
                    The researcher statistically analyzed the data collected from the four post-test outcomes using one-way, two-way, three-way, and four-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) to gauge the pupils' post-test communication. Multi-sensory learning activities are more successful than using the traditional approach for communication, The results demonstrate a statistically significant difference in mean scores between the experimental groups and the control group. Concluding remarks, suggestions for more research, and recommendations complete the research.
4th Year EFL Iraqi Leaners' Pragmatic Failure in Polysemy
Authors: Rushdi Ali Ershad
Published: October 2024

This paper is an endeavor to identify the failure of EFL Iraqi learners when they are asked to realize the meaning of polysemous words in their context. The model of analysis is Thomas's (1983) "pragmatic failure"(PF). Polysemous words have different meanings. There are two kinds of polysemy: semantic and pragmatic polysemy. The important part of the study at hand is pragmatic polysemy, which is the pragmatic meaning that results from polysemous words through the intentionality of the speakers, as these words leave a free space for their speakers to pick the meaning they want to communicate. Besides, these meanings may mingle on the part of the listeners in native language speakers and listeners, so polysemous words would, of course, constitute a problem for the learners of English. Again, it is believed that the lack of both linguistic and pragmatic competence is the result of this pragmatic failure.
Aplicabilidade da teoria do autocuidado em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Santana Priscila Freire Pereira , Paiva Eliza Mara das Chagas , Souza Telma Lima de , Silva José Vitor da , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite , Dázio Eliza Maria Rezende
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise reflexiva quanto às necessidades de cuidado da criança diagnosticada com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) e os conhecimentos do cuidador familiar para o estímulo ao autocuidado à luz da Teoria do Autocuidado de Dorothea Elizabeth Orem. Revisão bibliográfica: Mediante análise da literatura, foram construídos dois eixos reflexivos: “Déficit do autocuidado da criança com Transtorno do Espectro Autista na perspectiva da Teoria de Orem” e “Capacidades e ações do autocuidado estimuladas pelos pais/cuidadores”. Os critérios clínicos desse transtorno relacionam-se às dificuldades na comunicação social, padrões restritos e repetitivos de comportamento, interesses e atividades, em que o diagnóstico e a intervenção comportamental precoce reduzem a gravidade do transtorno. Dentre as principais limitações do autocuidado estão o isolamento social, higiene pessoal, alimentar-se e vestir-se. Resultados de estudo apontaram que 36,6% dos pais dessas crianças afirmaram ter conhecimento insuficiente sobre o transtorno e despreparo para lidar com questões relacionadas ao cuidado geral da criança. Considerações finais: O desenvolvimento de ações educativas embasadas na Teoria do Autocuidado de Dorothea Elizabeth Orem favorece o autocuidado com impacto positivo na qualidade de vida tanto da criança diagnosticada com o referido transtorno quanto de seus pais/cuidadores.
Intraoperative iatrogenic seizure induced by transcranial motor-evoked potential during spinal surgery: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sukkar Faisal A. , Albalawi Sultan F. , AlSindi Tala S. , Alomar Soha A.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Intraoperative neuromonitoring is an essential tool for detecting early intraoperative neurological changes during spinal surgery. Only rarely do seizures occur during transcranial motor-evoked potentials (TcMEP).

Case Description:

A 44-year-old male presented with a magnetic resonance (MR)--documented L5-S1 T2-hyperintense intradural mass that heterogeneously enhanced with Gadolinium and extended through the right S1 neural foramen. Utilizing transcranial motor-evoked potential (Tc-MEP) before the skin incision, the patient developed the 1st seizure that lasted for 2 min. The 2nd seizure occurred after the initial incision and lasted for around 15 min; at this point, the procedure was terminated. After brain MR studies documented no structural lesion and other etiologies of seizures were ruled out, the patient underwent an uneventful resection of the L5–S1 spinal lesion.

Conclusion:

Although the risk of seizures from Tc-MEP is very low, it is crucial to be aware of this potential side effect. If they occur, surgical procedures should be aborted and diagnostic studies performed to rule out the presence of structural lesions and/or other reasons for seizure activity.
The frontal aslant tract: Anatomical description and case report
Authors: Castruita Ramon , Perez Samuel , Baldoncini Matias , Forlizzi Valeria , Martínez Angel
Published: October 2024

Background:

Advances in surgical techniques, neuroimaging, and white matter fiber dissection have facilitated the identification of critical tracts like the frontal aslant tract (FAT) that have garnered attention, despite remaining poorly recognized within the neurosurgical community.

Case Description:

We report the case of a 37-year-old male right-handed patient presenting with headache and epilepsy, in whom neuroimaging revealed an intra-axial lesion in the left middle frontal gyrus closely associated with FAT. Successful navigation-guided resection of the lesion was achieved, resulting in a favorable neurological outcome attributable to the preservation of the tract. This case is complemented by a review of the literature and anatomical dissection of FAT in a human specimen.

Conclusion:

The FAT has emerged as a critical white matter structure in neurosurgery, given its involvement in speech and motor functions. This case demonstrates the importance of advanced imaging modalities and intraoperative technologies to ensure safe resection.
Review/Perspective: Incidence and treatment of CSF leaks/dural tears (DT) occurring during anterior cervical surgery
Authors: Epstein Nancy E. , Agulnick Marc A.
Published: October 2024

Background:

The incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks/dural tears (DT) occurring during anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) are typically relatively low. However, this frequency markedly increases when anterior corpectomy and fusion (ACF) are performed to address ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Methods:

The reported frequencies of CSF leaks/DT occurring during elective ACDF (i.e. exclusive of trauma), ranges from 0.24% to 1.7%. Notably, this incidence substantially rises for multilevel ACF addressing anterior OPLL, markedly varying from 3.4 - 44.7%.

Results:

The classical risks of anterior cervical CSF leaks/DT with anterior cervical surgery may be minimized utilizing an operating microscope. For OPLL, careful evaluation of preoperative non-contrast CT studies is critical, especially to document whether any of the 3 signs of dural penetrance is present. Here, posterior operative choices should be strongly considered in the presence of sufficient lordosis and/or a Positive K Line (+ K Line) as this will avoid an anterior cervical CSF leak/dural fistula. Alternatively, for patients with kyphosis and a Negative K Line (- K Line), preoperative anticipation and planning to treat an intraoperative anterior CSF leak/DT (i.e. direct anterior primary dural graft repair with 7-0 Gore-Tex sutures, microdural staples, microfibrillar collagen, wound-peritoneal shunt, and lumbar drain or lumboperitneal shunt) are essential in the course of performing direct anterior OPLL resection.

Conclusion:

The incidence of anterior cervical CSF leaks/DT is relatively low (i.e. range 0.24 - 1.7%) where ACDF is performed for disc disease/spur/spondylosis exclusive of OPLL. However, where ACF is performed for multilevel OPLL, the risk of CSF Leaks/DT is substantially higher (i.e. range 4.3-44.7%).
Upaya Pemerintah dalam Menurunkan Angka Pernikahan Dini di Desa Teluk Sentosa Kabupaten Labuhan Batu
Authors: Azris Dian Novelia , Mailin Mailin
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the government's efforts to reduce the number of early marriages in Teluk Sentosa Village, the government party referred to here is the religious affairs office (KUA).  This research uses a descriptive qualitative method which aims to describe the atmosphere or situation in the research. This research was conducted by means of observation, interviews and documentation conducted with two informants in the form of religious instructors at the religious affairs office. The results found are: that the government has made many efforts to reduce the number of marriages in Teluk Sentosa village, one of which is by means of a socialization program carried out by them and notification of marriage requirements on a regular basis, which is carried out by the KUA government to the community and also adolescents. . In addition, it provides education about early marriage so as to provide new, open views and changes to the community regarding early marriages that occur, especially in Teluk Sentosa village. Religious instructors are presented as an aid in guiding the surrounding community in carrying out efforts made from the religious affairs office itself. In addition, the religious affairs office (KUA) has also provided solutions and also problem solving if things happen that are not desired in the underage couple, then the government has negotiated with certain conditions so that it can make it easier for the couple.
Содержание бора в зерне и соломе озимой пшеницы и ячменя после запашки соломы зерновых культур с Humicola fuscoatra ВНИИСС 016
Authors: Ю.Н. Санеева , Н.В. Безлер
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрено влияние запашки соломы зерновых культур, используемой в качестве органического удобрения совместно с целлюлозолитическим микромицетом Humicola fuscoatra ВНИИСС 016, на содержание бора в растениях. По результатам исследования установлено, что солома озимой пшеницы содержит в среднем от 8 до 13,5 мг/кг бора, а солома ячменя – от 6,2 до 15,8 мг/кг. После запашки соломы пшеницы и ячменя почва обогащается этим элементом в среднем на 56,65 и 21,05 г/га соответственно. Достаточное количество бора, накапливаясь в различных частях сахарной свеклы, влияет на урожай этой культуры и ее продуктивность.

The effect of plowing grain straw, which is used as an organic fertilizer, together with the cellulolytic micromycete Humicola fuscoatra VNIISS 016 on the boron content of plants is considered. According to the results of the study, it was found that winter wheat straw contains on average from 8 to 13.5 mg/kg, boron, and barley straw – 6.2–15.8 mg/kg. After plowing wheat and barley straw, the soil is enriched with this element by an average of 56.65 and 21.05 g/ha, respectively. A sufficient amount of boron, accumulating in various parts of sugar beet, affects the yield of this crop and its productivity.
Комплексная оценка применения удобрений при возделывании сахарной свеклы в условиях юго-запада ЦЧР
Authors: П.И. Солнцев , М.В. Емец , Ю.В. Хорошилова , Ж.Ю. Горохова , С.С. Веретенникова , А.А. Иваськова
Published: October 2024

Приведены результаты исследования влияния применения удобрений в различных дозах на урожайность и сахаристость корнеплодов сахарной свеклы. Изучаемые удобрения показали высокую эффективность. Прибавка урожайности в зависимости от дозы внесения составляла 90–279 %. Сахаристость корнеплодов достоверно не изменялась при применении удобрений. При этом наблюдалась тенденция к снижению ее значений с увеличением дозы применения минеральных удобрений. Сбор сахара возрастал с ростом интенсивности использования удобрений и достигал 10,1 т/га. 

The results of the study of the effect of fertilizers use in various doses on yield and sugar content of sugar beet root crops are presented. The studied fertilizers have shown high efficiency. The increase in yield, depending on the dose of application, was 90-279%. Sugar content of root crops did not significantly change when applying fertilizers. At the same time, there was a tendency to decrease its values with an increase in the dose of mineral fertilizers. Sugar collection increased with increasing intensity of fertilizer use and reached 10.1 t/ha.
Влияние сроков сева и норм высева на продуктивность крупноплодного подсолнечника на черноземе выщелоченном Западного Предкавказья
Authors: А.С. Бушнев , А.К. Гриднев , И.А. Павелко
Published: October 2024

На черноземе выщелоченном Западного Предкавказья в 2022–2023 гг. изучали три срока посева перспективного крупноплодного сорта подсолнечника СПК плюс, используемого в производстве для посева на кондитерское (при норме высева 30 тыс. шт/га) и масличное (норма высева 60 тыс. шт/га) направления использования. Показано, что при возделывании на масличное сырье для получения наибольшей продуктивности культуры (урожайность до 3,07 т/га, масличность семян до 43,9 %) и на кондитерские цели (урожайность до 2,63 т/га, с высокой массой 1000 семян крупных фракций) оптимальный срок посева – третья декада апреля – первая декада мая.

On leached black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia, three sowing dates of a promising large-fruited sunflower variety SPK plus were studied in 2022–2023 used in production for sowing for confectionery (at a seeding rate of 30 thousand pcs/ha) and oilseed (seeding rate of 60 thousand pcs/ha) directions of use were studied. It is shown that when cultivated for oilseed raw materials to obtain the highest crop productivity (yield up to 3.07 t/ha, seed oil content up to 43.9%) and for confectionery purposes (yield up to 2.63 t/ha, with a high mass of 1000 seeds of large fractions), the optimal sowing period is the third decade of April – the first decade of May.
Динамика применения инсектицидов и их опасность при разных способах поступления
Authors: В.В. Михайликова , А.В. Живых , Н.С. Белоедова , Н.Н. Малиновская , В.В. Сафандеев
Published: October 2024

Показана динамика применения инсектицидов в Российской Федерации с 2013 года. Отражены данные по инсектицидной нагрузке и по химическому строению действующих веществ. Приведены данные по классам опасности на основе оценки токсичности инсектицидов различных химических групп для человека и пчел, в том числе, полученные в экспериментальных условиях.

The dynamics of the use of insecticides in the Russian Federation since 2013 is shown. The data on the insecticidal load and the chemical structure of the active substances are reflected. Data on hazard classes based on the assessment of the toxicity of insecticides of various chemical groups for humans and bees, including those obtained under experimental conditions, are presented.
PHASE RELATIONS BETWEEN THERMALLY INDUCED STRAIN–HYSTERESIS AND BENDING DEFORMATIONS IN ELASTIC CRYSTALS OF CAFFEINE COCRYSTAL SOLVATE
Authors: Dey Somnath , Gildenast Hans , Nandi Shibabrata , Hakala B. Villiam , Shahed Hend , Grzechnik Andrzej , Ramakrishnan Sitaram , van Smaalen Sander , Paulmann Carsten , Tolkiehn Martin , Roth Georg , Peters Lars
Published: October 2024

More than a decade ago, the discovery of elastic bending in single crystals of caffeine cocrystal solvates opened up a new area of research in mechanical properties of molecular crystals. Here we report its structural transition at T > 320 K that is accompanied by negative area expansion of the planes normal to the bending axis; and non-linear increase of intermolecular distances within π···π stacks and the unit cell volume. Upon applying heating–cooling cycles from 360 K ≤ T ≤ 380 K to T = 100 K, three structurally irreversible states are discovered associated with hysteresis of the area of the planes and intermolecular distances. During these various thermal processes, the acid-base dimers rotate as well as move apart. The ratio between variation in rotations and distances (η) reveals that its order in the high T phase as well as those of irreversible structural states are similar to those known for mechanical bending at T = 100 K.