bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, and Antidepression Effects of Rumex tingitanus Extracts and Identification of a Novel Bioactive Compound
Authors: Mhalla Dhekra , Zouari Bouassida Karama , Chawech Rachid , Bouaziz Amira , Makni Samar , Jlaiel Lobna , Tounsi Slim , Mezghani Jarraya Raoudha , Trigui Mohamed
Published: March 2018

Over the last few decades, Rumex species have been recognized as a promising source of new compounds with numerous pharmacological activities. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of Rumex tingitanus (R. tingitanus) leaves extracts was evaluated in vitro and then confirmed in vivo as well as the antidepressant-like and toxicological effects of the extracts. The ethyl acetate fraction (Rt EtOAcF) followed by hydroalcoholic extract (Rt EtOH-H2O) showed a remarkable in vitro antioxidant activity. The hydroalcoholic extract (Rt EtOH-H2O) showed significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced liver toxicity which is seen from inhibition of the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and enhancement of the liver antioxidant enzymes activities. The Rt EtOH-H2O and Rt EtOAcF extracts were able to reduce the immobility time in mice and then elicited a significant antidepressant-like effect. The ethyl acetate fraction (Rt EtOAcF) was purified and resulted in the identification of a new antioxidant component called 4′-p-acetylcoumaroyl luteolin. The Rt EtOAcF and the 4′-p-acetylcoumaroyl luteolin revealed a strong antioxidant activity using DPPH test with IC50 of 11.7 ± 0.2 and 20.74 ± 0.6 μg/ml, respectively, and AAI of 3.39 and 1.92 better than that of BHT, used as control.
Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Focus on Doxorubicin, Trastuzumab, and Sunitinib
Authors: Gorini Stefania , De Angelis Antonella , Berrino Liberato , Malara Natalia , Rosano Giuseppe , Ferraro Elisabetta
Published: March 2018

Many cancer therapies produce toxic side effects whose molecular mechanisms await full elucidation. The most feared and studied side effect of chemotherapeutic drugs is cardiotoxicity. Also, skeletal muscle physiology impairment has been recorded after many chemotherapeutical treatments. However, only doxorubicin has been extensively studied for its side effects on skeletal muscle. Chemotherapeutic‐induced adverse side effects are, in many cases, mediated by mitochondrial damage. In particular, trastuzumab and sunitinib toxicity is mainly associated with mitochondria impairment and is mostly reversible. Vice versa, doxorubicin‐induced toxicity not only includes mitochondria damage but can also lead to a more robust and extensive cell injury which is often irreversible and lethal. Drugs interfering with mitochondrial functionality determine the depletion of ATP reservoirs and lead to subsequent reversible contractile dysfunction. Mitochondrial damage includes the impairment of the respiratory chain and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential with subsequent disruption of cellular energetic. In a context of increased stress, AMPK has a key role in maintaining energy homeostasis, and inhibition of the AMPK pathway is one of the proposed mechanisms possibly mediating mitochondrial toxicity due to chemotherapeutics. Therapies targeting and protecting cell metabolism and energy management might be useful tools in protecting muscular tissues against the toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs.
Rare Earth Metal‐Based Intermetallics Formation in Al–Cu–Mg and Al–Si–Cu–Mg Alloys: A Metallographic Study
Authors: Samuel A. M. , Elgallad E. M. , Mahmoud M. G. , Doty H. W. , Valtierra S. , Samuel F. H.
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted on Al–Cu–Mg and Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloys containing either 5%La or 5%Ce. Two levels of Ti addition were examined, i.e., 0.05% and 0.15%. Thermal analysis was the only technique used to obtain castings, from which samples were then sectioned for metallographic examination. Based on the results obtained, the following points may be highlighted. Addition of a fairly large amount of RE metals (La or Ce) leads to the appearance of several peaks in the solidification curve between the precipitation of the primary α‐Al phase and the (Al–Al2Cu) eutectic reaction. Although a significant drop in the eutectic temperature is caused by the addition of 5%La or Ce, the corresponding modification of the eutectic Si is marginal. Two main types of intermetallics were documented: a gray phase in the form of sludge with a fixed composition and a white phase in the shape of thin platelets. Due to the high affinity of RE to react with Si, Fe, and Cu, several compositions were obtained explaining the observed multiple peaks in the solidification curve. Judging by the morphology of the gray phase, it is assumed that this phase is precipitated in the liquid state and acts as a nucleation site for the white phase. Lanthanum and Ce can substitute each other.
Peer Inclusion in Interventions for Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cordier Reinie , Vilaysack Brandon , Doma Kenji , Wilkes-Gillan Sarah , Speyer Renée
Published: March 2018

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of peer inclusion in interventions to improve the social functioning of children with ADHD.Methods. We searched four electronic databases for randomized controlled trials and controlled quasi-experimental studies that investigated peer inclusion interventions alone or combined with pharmacological treatment. Data were collected from the included studies and methodologically assessed. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model.Results. Seventeen studies met eligibility criteria. Studies investigated interventions consisting of peer involvement and peer proximity; no study included peer mediation. Most included studies had an unclear or high risk of bias regarding inadequate reporting of randomization, blinding, and control for confounders. Meta-analyses indicated improvements in pre-post measures of social functioning for participants in peer-inclusive treatment groups. Peer inclusion was advantageous compared to treatment as usual. The benefits of peer inclusion over other therapies or medication only could not be determined. Using parents as raters for outcome measurement significantly mediated the intervention effect.Conclusions. The evidence to support or contest the efficacy of peer inclusion interventions for children with ADHD is lacking. Future studies need to reduce risks of bias, use appropriate sample sizes, and provide detailed results to investigate the efficacy of peer inclusion interventions for children with ADHD.
Geometry-Controlled Carbon Coils by SF6 Flow Injection Time with Reaction Temperature
Authors: Kim Dong-Chul , Kim Sung-Hoon
Published: March 2018

Carbon nanocoils and/or microcoils were synthesized using C2H2 as the source gas along with the injection of SF6 as an incorporated additive gas under the thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) system. To control the geometries of the carbon coils, we varied the SF6 flow injection time at different reaction temperature ranges. At the lowest reaction temperature (550°C), carbon microcoils were dominantly formed within a relatively short initial SF6 flow injection time (less than 5 min). By increasing the SF6 flow injection time, carbon nanocoils could be well developed on the entire surface of the sample. At 750°C, the formation of carbon microcoils dominated over the entire sample surface, irrespective of the SF6 flow injection time. Based on these results, the growth mechanism for the dominantly formed carbon coils was suggested and discussed. In addition, the causes for the dominant formation of carbon nanocoils and/or microcoils according to the SF6 flow injection times with the different reaction temperatures were analyzed.
Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets in the Liver of Pioglitazone-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Sprague-Dawley Rats via Expression Profile Chip and iTRAQ Assay
Authors: Lu Zhong-Xia , Xu Wen-Jun , Wu Yang-Sheng , Li Chang-Yu , Chen Yi-Tao
Published: March 2018

The aim of the present study was to identify key antidiabetic nodes in the livers of pioglitazone-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus Sprague-Dawley rats by transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. Rats were randomly divided into the control, the diabetes model, and the pioglitazone-treated groups. After treatment with pioglitazone for 11 weeks, the effects on fasting blood glucose, body weight, and blood biochemistry parameters were evaluated. Microarray and iTRAQ analysis were used to determine the differentially expressed genes/proteins in rat livers. 1.5-fold changes in gene expression and 1.2-fold changes in protein were set as the screening criteria. After treatment with pioglitazone for 11 weeks, fasting blood glucose in pioglitazone-treated rats was significantly lower than that in the model group. There was a tendency for pioglitazone to reduce TC, TG, TP, ALB, BUN, and HDL-c levels. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) were applied to analyze differentially expressed genes/proteins. Furthermore, Western blotting and RT-qPCR were used to validate the results of microarray and iTRAQ. In conclusion, Cyp7a1, Cp, and RT1-EC2 are differentially expressed genes/proteins since they showed a similar trend in rats in the model group and the pioglitazone-treated group.
The Role of Cardiokines in Heart Diseases: Beneficial or Detrimental?
Authors: Wu Ye-Shun , Zhu Bin , Luo Ai-Lin , Yang Ling , Yang Chun
Published: March 2018

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, imposing a major disease burden worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets. Recently, the concept that the heart acts as a secretory organ has attracted increasing attention. Proteins secreted by the heart are called cardiokines, and they play a critical physiological role in maintaining heart homeostasis or responding to myocardial damage and thereby influence the development of heart diseases. Given the critical role of cardiokines in heart disease, they might represent a promising therapeutic target. This review will focus on several cardiokines and discuss their roles in the pathogenesis of heart diseases and as potential therapeutics.
Identification of Protein Kinase C Isoforms Involved in Type 1 Diabetic Encephalopathy in Mice
Authors: Zheng Jiayin , Wang Yue , Han Song , Luo Yanlin , Sun Xiuli , Zhu Ning , Zhao Li , Li Junfa
Published: March 2018

Diabetic encephalopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by impaired cognitive functions. Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are rarely reported on diabetic encephalopathy, although they have been believed to play crucial roles in other diabetic complications. In this study, streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic mice were found to exhibit learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze test. Meanwhile, the expression of cPKCβII, nPKCε, and cPKCγdid not change in the hippocampus, cortex, and striatum at 2 and 8 weeks after STZ injection. The nPKCεtranslocation to the membrane, where it is activated, was not altered in the above brain regions at 2 and 8 weeks after STZ injection. Nevertheless, cPKCβII translocation to the membrane was significantly decreased in the cortex and hippocampus at 8 weeks after STZ injection. The translocation of cPKCγfrom the cytosol to the membrane was remarkably decreased in the hippocampus at 2 and 8 weeks and in the cortex and striatum at 8 weeks after STZ injection. In addition, deletion of cPKCγaggravated the impairment of spatial learning and memory. In conclusion, our results suggest that the decrease in the activity of cPKCβII and cPKCγ, especially cPKCγ, may play key roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy.
Supply Chain Coordination with Carbon Trading Price and Consumers’ Environmental Awareness Dependent Demand
Authors: Pang Qinghua , Li Mingzhen , Yang Tiantian , Shen Yi
Published: March 2018

Carbon emissions reduction in supply chain is an effective method to reduce the greenhouse effect. The paper investigates the impacts of carbon trading price and consumers’ environmental awareness on carbon emissions in supply chain under the cap-and-trade system. Firstly, it analyzes the centralized decision structure and obtains the requirements to coordinate carbon emissions reduction and order quantity in supply chain. Secondly, it proposes the supply chain coordination mechanism with revenue-sharing contract based on quantity discount policy, and the requirements that the contract parameters need to satisfy are also given. Thirdly, assuming the market demand is affected by consumer’s environmental awareness in addition form, the paper proposes the methods to determine the optimal order quantity and the optimal level of carbon emissions through model optimization. Finally, it investigates the impacts of carbon trading price on carbon emissions in supply chain. The results show that clean manufacturer’s optimal per-unit carbon emissions increase as the carbon trading price increases, while nongreen manufacturer’s optimal per-unit carbon emissions decrease as the carbon trading price increases. For the middle emissions manufacturer, the optimal per-unit carbon emissions depend on the relationship between the carbon trading price and the carbon reduction coefficient.
Microtubule-Associated Protein 4 Is a Prognostic Factor and Promotes Tumor Progression in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xia Xiaochun , He Chao , Wu Anqing , Zhou Jundong , Wu Jinchang
Published: March 2018

Microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4) plays an important role in microtubule assembly and stabilization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of expression of MAP4 in lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) samples and to evaluate its prognostic value and the influence on cancer progression in LADC patients. The expression of MAP4 protein was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The clinical significance and the prognostic significance of MAP4 expression were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. The roles of MAP4 in the migration and invasion of LADC cells were detected by wound-healing assays and transwell assays, respectively. We found the expression levels of MAP4 protein in LADC tissues to be significantly higher than those in noncancerous tissues. MAP4 expression was significantly correlated with differentiation, pathological T stage, and TNM stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients with high MAP4 expression had significantly poorer overall survival (OS). Cox regression analysis revealed that MAP4 expression level was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Functionally, in vitro studies showed that MAP4 knockdown efficiently suppressed the migration and invasion of LADC cells. Our data indicated that MAP4 protein may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for LADC.
Cheilitis Glandularis of Both Lips: Successful Treatment with a Combination of an Intralesional Steroid Injection and Tacrolimus Ointment
Authors: Sugaya Norberto , Migliari Dante
Published: March 2018

Cheilitis glandularis (CG) is an inflammatory condition of unknown cause that predominantly affects the minor salivary glands of the lips. Although a diagnosis of CG is not difficult, its treatment is a challenge. This article highlights the clinical presentation of the disease together with a case of successful management of this disease using a combination of a steroid injection followed by a topical immunosuppressor.
Limitations of Serum Ferritin in Diagnosing Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Dignass Axel , Farrag Karima , Stein Jürgen
Published: March 2018

Patients with inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic heart failure (CHF), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have high rates of iron deficiency with adverse clinical consequences. Under normal circumstances, serum ferritin levels are a sensitive marker for iron status but ferritin is an acute-phase reactant that becomes elevated in response to inflammation, complicating the diagnosis. Proinflammatory cytokines also trigger an increase in hepcidin, which restricts uptake of dietary iron and promotes sequestration of iron by ferritin within storage sites. Patients with inflammatory conditions may thus have restricted availability of iron for erythropoiesis and other cell functions due to increased hepcidin expression, despite normal or high levels of serum ferritin. The standard threshold for iron deficiency (<30 μg/L) therefore does not apply and transferrin saturation (TSAT), a marker of iron availability, should also be assessed. A serum ferritin threshold of <100 μg/L or TSAT < 20% can be considered diagnostic for iron deficiency in CHF, CKD, and IBD. If serum ferritin is 100–300 μg/L, TSAT < 20% is required to confirm iron deficiency. Routine surveillance of serum ferritin and TSAT in these at-risk groups is advisable so that iron deficiency can be detected and managed.
Amidolysis of Oxirane: Effect of Protein Type, Oils, and ZnCl2 on the Rheological Properties of Cross-Linked Protein and Oxirane
Authors: Mohamed A. A. , Hussain S. , Alamri M. S. , Ibraheem M. A. , Qasem Akram A. Abdo
Published: March 2018

Amidolysis of oxirane group of epoxidized sesame, sunflower, and cottonseed oils was achieved by reaction with primary amide of millet and gluten proteins. Gluten is a coproduct of wheat starch industry and available commercially. Millet is a major part of the staple food of the semiarid region of the tropics. Gluten is a mixture of glutenins and gliadins rich in glutamine residues; however, millet is rich in glutamine and leucine. We have taken advantage of the available primary amide of glutamine for cross-linking with the oxirane of sunflower, sesame, and cottonseed oils under controlled conditions to give a resin of amidohydroxy of gluten and millet proteins. Cross-linking gave a resin with a wide range of textural properties. The texture of the resin was dependent on the source of the oxirane, the amide group, and the amount of the catalyst (ZnCl2). The thermal properties, textural, solubility, and rheological properties were determined as well as the reaction time. The data showed direct relationships between the ZnCl2, nature of oil, and protein type and the properties of the final resin. Consistently, the results pointed to similarity among the outcome of the reactions between sesame and sunflower oils. Depending on the amount of ZnCl2, the texture of the resin can range from viscose to rubbery. The reaction time was influenced by oxirane source, protein type, and catalyst and ranged from 30 min to 4 hr.
A Ring-Focus Antenna with Splash Plate in Ka-Band
Authors: Zhao Laiding , Bai Xiaodong , Li Rui , Xie Jidong
Published: March 2018

A design for Ka-band satellite communication antenna in earth station is introduced. This kind of antenna uses splash plate feed based on ring-focus antenna. The theory of the new splash plate feed design is presented and the relative equations are derived. The measured antenna parameters, VSWR, and patterns are highly consistent with the simulated results, which demonstrates the success of the design for such kind of antenna that can be effectively used in Ka-band applications.
Global supply chains and social relations at work: Brokering across boundaries
Authors: Reinecke Juliane , Donaghey Jimmy , Wilkinson Adrian , Wood Geoffrey
Published: March 2018

Global supply chains are not just instruments for the exchange of economic goods and flow of capital across borders. They also connect people in unprecedented ways across social and cultural boundaries and have created new, interrelated webs of social relationships that are socially embedded. However, most of the existing theories of work are mainly based at the level of the corporation, not on the network of relations that interlink them, and how this may impact on work and employment relations. We argue that this web of relations should not just be seen in economic, but also social terms, and that the former are embedded and enabled by the latter. This article argues for the value of focusing on the role of brokers and boundary workers in mediating social relations across global supply chains. It develops four approaches that lie on a spectrum from structural perspectives focused on brokers who link otherwise unconnected actors to more constructivist ones focused on boundary workers performing translation work between domains.
Anesthesia Development in Mongolia: Strengthening Anesthesia Practice in Mongolia Through Education and Continuing Professional Development
Authors: Lundeg Ganbold , Baric Amanda , Pescod David C. , Pescod Keith
Published: March 2018

Anesthesia in Mongolia has undergone a period of major development over the past 17 years, thanks to the work of the Mongolian Society of Anesthesiologists (MSA) and the support of the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists and the Australian Society of Anaesthetists. The specialty has made major advances in training and in its standing among medical specialties in Mongolia. The MSA has produced members who are leaders in the development of anesthesia as well as emergency medicine and critical care. This has been achieved by engagement between the Ministry of Health and MSA, and with inexpensive but efficient programs to educate trainees and provide continuing professional development. There is now major work being done to achieve the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery goals of safe and accessible surgery for the population in a country that faces significant challenges of remote communities with vast distances.
Improving Anesthesia Safety in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Khan Fauzia A. , Merry Alan F.
Published: March 2018

The safety of anesthesia characteristic of high-income countries today is not matched in low-resource settings with poor infrastructure, shortages of anesthesia providers, essential drugs, equipment, and supplies. Health care is delivered through complex systems. Achieving sustainable widespread improvement globally will require an understanding of how to influence such systems. Health outcomes depend not only on a country’s income, but also on how resources are allocated, and both vary substantially, between and within countries. Safety is particularly important in anesthesia because anesthesia is intrinsically hazardous and not intrinsically therapeutic. Nevertheless, other elements of the quality of health care, notably access, must also be considered. More generally, there are certain prerequisites within society for health, captured in the Jakarta declaration. It is necessary to have adequate infrastructure (notably for transport and primary health care) and hospitals capable of safely carrying out the “Bellwether Procedures” (cesarean delivery, laparotomy, and the treatment of compound fractures). Surgery, supported by safe anesthesia, is critical to the health of populations, but avoidable harm from health care (including very high mortality rates from anesthesia in many parts of the world) is a major global problem. Thus, surgical and anesthesia services must not only be provided, they must be safe. The global anesthesia workforce crisis is a major barrier to achieving this. Many anesthetics today are administered by nonphysicians with limited training and little access to supervision or support, often working in very challenging circumstances. Many organizations, notably the World Health Organization and the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, are working to improve access to and safety of anesthesia and surgery around the world. Challenges include collaboration with local stakeholders, coordination of effort between agencies, and the need to influence national health policy makers to achieve sustainable improvement. It is conceivable that safe anesthesia and perioperative care could be provided for essential surgical services today by clinicians with moderate levels of training using relatively simple (but appropriately designed and maintained) equipment and a limited number of inexpensive generic medications. However, there is a minimum standard for these resources, below which reasonable safety cannot be assured. This minimum (at least) should be available to all. Not only more resources, but also more equitable distribution of existing resources is required. Thus, the starting point for global access to safe anesthesia is acceptance that access to health care in general should be a basic human right everywhere.
Global Surgery System Strengthening: It Is All About the Right Metrics
Authors: Watters David A. , Guest Glenn D. , Tangi Viliami , Shrime Mark G. , Meara John G.
Published: March 2018

Progress in achieving “universal access to safe, affordable surgery, and anesthesia care when needed” is dependent on consensus not only about the key messages but also on what metrics should be used to set goals and measure progress. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery not only achieved consensus on key messages but also recommended 6 key metrics to inform national surgical plans and monitor scale-up toward 2030. These metrics measure access to surgery, as well as its timeliness, safety, and affordability: (1) Two-hour access to the 3 Bellwether procedures (cesarean delivery, emergency laparotomy, and management of an open fracture); (2) Surgeon, Anesthetist, and Obstetrician workforce >20/100,000; (3) Surgical volume of 5000 procedures/100,000; (4) Reporting of perioperative mortality rate; and (5 and 6) Risk rates of catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment when requiring surgery. This article discusses the definition, validity, feasibility, relevance, and progress with each of these metrics. The authors share their experience of introducing the metrics in the Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa. We identify appropriate messages for each potential stakeholder—the patients, practitioners, providers (health services and hospitals), public (community), politicians, policymakers, and payers. We discuss progress toward the metrics being included in core indicator lists by the World Health Organization and the World Bank and how they have been, or may be, used to inform National Surgical Plans in low- and middle-income countries to scale-up the delivery of safe, affordable, and timely surgical and anesthesia care to all who need it.
Going on a statewide listening tour: involving education leaders in the process of research to enhance the practical value of qualitative research
Authors: Kaplan Rebecca G , Riedy Robbin , Van Horne Katie , Penuel William
Published: March 2018

This study explores how involving education leaders in the process of research can enhance the practical value of research for them. This paper describes: 1) a design process used for engaging US state science leaders in participatory research; and 2) shifts in understanding that state leaders reported based on their participation. The authors explicate the steps of how they engaged practitioners in the process of data collection and analysis. They then present evidence for how and why the participatory research process was impactful for practitioners. Through engaging in the process of conducting focus groups and analysing qualitative data from the focus groups, state science leaders shifted their understanding of the value of qualitative research and made adjustments to their goals for improving science education in their respective states. Creating opportunities for practitioners to fully engage in the research process may result in a greater influence of the research on practice and local policy.
‘To tell you the truth, no job is legit’: an exploration of justice for Hanoi's marginalised urban migrants
Authors: Luca Jonathan De
Published: March 2018

This paper highlights the ways in which rural-to-urban migrants to Hanoi face injustices in their everyday interactions with the state and other urban residents. This paper reveals the way in which the residential registration system marginalises migrants and prevents them from easily accessing essential services such as healthcare, housing, water and electricity. The system creates secondclass citizens who are excluded based on group membership, mainly those on a low income, or in rural or informal employment. A justice lens helps to reveal the systemic and cyclical ways that oppressive forces such as violence, marginalisation, powerlessness and exploitation will hold back progress until these issues are addressed.
Indonesia’s digital constitutive moment: How the rewrite of the Broadcast Law will shape Indonesia’s digital future
Authors: Citra Diani
Published: March 2018

This article explores the current development of digital terrestrial television (DTT) implementation and its impact on the broadcast television and telecommunication industry as a whole in Indonesia. Delay after delay, which culminated in the suspension of all DTT policies by the newly elected Jokowi administration, have created a lot of uncertainty for many stakeholders. This article focuses on several recent DTT regulatory events – namely the creation and collapse of DTT ministerial regulations, the distribution of the latest broadcast bill and the cabinet’s digital economy policies. These events demonstrate the limitations of broadcast policy to reconfigure the current broadcast television industry in order to create a more diverse broadcast and telecommunication ecosystem. Drawing on primary documents – official reports; policy announcements; recordings of government meetings; interviews with stakeholders and statistics and statements from key political and industrial figures – this article posits that, by opening up the entire broadcast law to a rewrite for the sake of accommodating DTT implementation, Indonesia risks deregulating the entire market and maintaining the predatory practices of broadcast industry incumbents
Efektivitas Seminar pada Perubahan Sikap Ibu dalam Pemberian Dukungan Nutrisi dan Stimulasi selama Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang
Authors: Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko , Gunardi Hartono , Sekartini Rini , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Johnson Ikhsan , Wibowo Yulianti , Basrowi Ray Wagiu
Published: March 2018

Latar belakang. Kualitas tumbuh kembang balita ditentukan oleh nutrisi, kasih sayang, stimulasi, dan perlindungan terhadap penyakit. Ibu sebagai pengasuh utama anak berperan penting mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, sehingga harus memiliki sikap yang baik tentang pemantauan tumbuh kembang saat kunjungan ke tenaga kesehatan. Peningkatan pengetahuan Ibu dapat dilakukan dengan edukasi dan pelatihan.Tujuan. Menganalisis efektivitas seminar pada perubahan sikap ibu dalam pemberian dukungan nutrisi dan stimulasi selama pemantauan tumbuh kembang. Metode. Penelitian desain potong lintang dengan kuesioner pre dan post intervensi dilakukan pada ibu dengan balita. Perubahan sikap ibu dievaluasi dalam pemantauan tumbuh kembang anaknya. Intervensi berupa seminar mengenai kesehatan anak yang diadakan di 6 kota besar di Indonesia dengan purposive sampling peserta yang mengisi lengkap kuesioner. Analisis data digunakan metode paired T-test dalam software IBM SPSS statistics versi 22.Hasil. Terdapat 617 ibu yang mengisi lengkap kuesioner yang diberikan dalam seminar. Terjadi peningkatan yang bermakna (beda mean -0,15±0,26;95%CI -0,17sampai-0,13; p<0,001) pada rerata skor sikap ibu setelah mengikuti seminar yang diadakan oleh peneliti. Sumber informasi yang penting dan berkesan, antara lain, televisi, gawai, media sosial, tenaga kesehatan, dan seminar oleh tenaga kesehatan. Kesimpulan. Pemberian seminar oleh tenaga kesehatan mengubah sikap ibu pada pengasuhan anak selama pemantauan tumbuh kembang dengan efektif (p<0,001).
Acesso à Educação Superior: O ProUni em foco
Authors: Felicetti Vera Lucia , Cabrera Alberto F.
Published: March 2018

O foco deste artigo é o acesso à Educação Superior (ES) no Brasil e o Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni). A pesquisa teve por objetivos identificar se o ProUni está cumprindo com o propósito de oportunizar o acesso à ES a estudantes de grupos vulneráveis, e se há diferenças nas características iniciais dos egressos ProUni e não ProUni quando do ingresso na ES. Foi usada abordagem quantitativa com objetivo explicativo e estatística descritiva e de inferência na análise. Os participantes foram 57 bolsistas e 140 não bolsistas ProUni já egressos de uma Instituição Comunitária do Sul do Brasil ingressantes nela em 2005. Os resultados mostram que: o ProUni proporcionou o acesso a estudantes de uma faixa etária mais jovem à dos que não foram bolsistas; oportunizou o ingresso de um contingente maior de mulheres e teve uma proporção maior de não brancos em relação aos não bolsistas; entre os bolsistas ProUni, 12,28% tinham renda per capita mensal superior a três salários mínimos; ingressantes ProUni tiveram propensão maior a escolherem cursos de licenciatura; e os egressos não ProUni tenderam a ser mais motivados por fatores intrínsecos e os ProUni por fatores extrínsecos quando da escolha do curso.
A hepatitis C-vírus (HCV) három évtizede a felfedezéstől a globális elimináció lehetőségéig: a transzlációs kutatás sikere
Authors: Pár Alajos , Pár Gabriella
Published: March 2018

Abstract:

More than 25 years after the discovery of hepatitis C virus, the development of the direct acting antivirals can lead to the regional or long-term global elimination of the virus with over 90% efficacy. This is the success of basic and clinical translational research. Yet, some unsolved challanges remain, such as the great number of unidentified patients who are not aware of their condition, the limited access to the therapy due to the high prices of the drugs, and the treatment of resistance-associated variants. In addition, the lack of vaccine is also an obstacle. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the first global health sector strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. Its evidence-based guidelines are primarily targeted at the national hepatitis programme managers who are responsible for the national testing and treatment plans. According to these recommendations, it is of basic importance to perform focused risk-based testing in higher-risk populations and after diagnosis to start treatment as “cure as prevention”, furthermore, to limit the risk of reinfection. We review the events of the HCV story from the discovery to these days, including virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 455–465.
Akut coronariaszindróma miatt 2015-ben kezelt betegeink lipidcsökkentő terápiája
Authors: Márk László , Nagy Mária , Dani Győző , Baranyai Csaba , Borbély Marianna , Katona András , Jambrik Zoltán
Published: March 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The actual guidelines of cardiovascular prevention lay special emphasis on the lipid-lowering therapy of patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aim: To evaluate the occurrence of high-intensity statin therapy, recommended by guidelines, at discharge in a Hungarian county hospital with hemodynamic laboratory in patients who underwent percutaneous intervention, furthermore the LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and goal attainment rate in the first year. Method: Retrospective data collection from the hospital database regarding the therapy at discharge and the lipid levels in the year following the intervention due to ACS in 2015. Results: Due to ACS event, 454 patients had coronary intervention in 2015, at discharge more than 90% of them received high-intensity statin (more than 80% rosuvastatin, 40 mg) or corresponding combination therapy. In 154 cases we found half-year lipid results; the median of LDL-C was 1.9 mmol/L, the 1.8 mmol/L target value attainment rate was 48.7%. Results after one year were found in 292 cases (73% without the deceased and foreign patients); the LDL-C median proved to be 2.0 mmol/L, the target level attainment rate was 37.3%. There was no significant difference between the results of patients from the three different ACS forms and between those of men and women. Conclusions: The lipid lowering therapy of the revascularized patients who come back for medical visits is acceptable, but greater emphasis has to be laid on increasing the rate of controlled patients compared to the present two-thirds. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 478–484.
Kortárs egészségfejlesztési programok közvetlen hatása alsó tagozatos gyermekek kézhigiénés tudására és megfelelő kézmosási technikájára
Authors: Lehotsky Ákos , Falus András , Lukács Ágnes , Füzi Andrea Rita , Gradvohl Edina , Mészárosné Darvay Sarolta , Bihariné Krekó Ilona , Berta Kata , Deák Alexandra , Feith Helga Judit
Published: March 2018

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: In the case of primary school children in Budapest (n = 165), data on their social status and their previous knowledge on hand hygiene were elicited with the help of pre-knowledge questionnaires issued by students of higher education. The aim of the research was introducing a novel pedagogical procedure – application and optimization of peer education in the development of proper hand hygiene among primary school students. Method: The knowledge-based survey was conducted after four (n = 85) and eight hours of teaching (n = 36). In addition, the effectiveness of hand washing was tested immediately before (n = 166) and after the four (n = 74) and eight hours of teaching (n = 35) with Semmelweis Scanner after rubbing the hand with fluorescent cream. Results: Prior knowledge of hand hygiene significantly increased after the four-hour and eight-hour trainings. In the case of smaller children, the effect of the eight-hour training was more pronounced. Similar results were obtained with regards to the changes in the number of areas missed while rubbing the surface of the hand as a result of the teaching. Conclusion: Sociological surveys on hand hygiene knowledge and direct physical measurements indicate that training with appropriate pedagogical procedures is effective and contributes to the environmentally conscious hygiene culture of children aged 6 to 10. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 485–490.
ESTIMASI PARAMETER POPULASI IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis, Linnaeus, 1758) DI PERAIRAN SAMUDRA HINDIA
Authors: Zedta Raymon Rahmanov , Rintar PT Prawira Atmaja , Novianto Dian Novianto
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji parameter populasi ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) yang tertangkap pukat cincin di WPP-572 Samudra Hindia Barat Sumatera dan WPP-573 Selatan Jawa. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai masukan dalam penentuan pengelolaan perikanan sehingga stok ikan cakalang dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan. Ikan contoh dikumpulkan melalui program enumerasi tahun 2016 (Januari-Desember). Sampling acak dilaksanakan di empat pelabuhan, yaitu PPS Lampulo (Aceh), PPN Sibolga (Sumatra Utara), PPP Tamperan (Pacitan) dan IPP Pondokdadap (Malang). Jumlah ikan contoh diperoleh sebanyak 14.894 ekor. Serial data fekuensi panjang bulanan diolah menggunakan program FiSAT II untuk menduga parameter pertumbuhan, mortalitas dan tingkat eksploitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan cakalang yang tertangkap di WPP-572 memiliki panjang asimtotik (L)73,5 cmFL, K sebesar 0.22/tahun dan to sebesar -0,59 tahun. Parameter populasi di WPP-573 berturut-turut L”=67,20 cmFL, K=0,27/tahun, dan to=-0,50 tahun. Nilai mortalitas alami (M) ikan cakalang di WPP 572 sebesar 0,49/tahun, mortalitas total (Z) 0,70/tahun, dan kematian akibat penangkapan (F) adalah 0,21/tahun. Ikan cakalang yang tertangkap di WPP 573 menunjukkan nilai (E) sebesar 0,59/tahun, nilai Z 1,02/tahun, dan nilai F sebesar 0,43/tahun. Dugaan tingkat eksploitasi ikan cakalang di WPP 572 dan 573 masing-masing 0,3/tahun dan 0,42/tahun atau belum berada pada tahap optimal.This study aimed to assess the population parameters of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) that caught by purse seine in the Indonesian FMA (Fisheries Management Area) 572 Indian Ocean West Sumatera and FMA 573 South Java. The outcomes of this research can hopefully be used as inputs for fisheries management, in order the stock of skipjack tuna can be utilized sustainably. Fish sample were collected through the program enumeration of Research Institute for Tuna Fisheries (RITF) during the year 2016 (Januari-Desember). Using random sampling method at four fishing ports, namely PPS Lampulo (Aceh), PPN Sibolga (North Sumatra), PPP Tamperan (Pacitan), and IPP Pondokdadap (Malang). The total number of fish samples was 14.894 fish. Monthly length frequency data processed using FiSAT II program to estimate the growth parameters, mortality, and exploitation. The analysis results showed that skipjack tuna caught in FMA 572 has asymtotic length value (L) at 73.5 cmFL, K value 0.22/year, and to at -0.59 year; while in FMA 573 population parameters values respectively 67.20 cmFL, 0.27/year, and -0.50 year. The value of natural mortality (M) skipjack in FMA 572 is 0.49/year, total mortality (Z) 0.70/year, and fishing mortality (F) 0.21/year. Skipjack tuna that caught in FMA 573 showed value of M 0.59/year, Z value 1.02/year, and F value 0.43/year. The estimated values of exploitation levels of skipjack in FMA 572 and 573 were 0.3/year and 0.42/year respectively.
TEKNIK PENGAMATAN FEKUNDITAS DAN DIAMETER TELUR LOBSTER PASIR (Panulirus homarus) DI PERAIRAN PESISIR PANGANDARAN, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Kuslani Henra , Sumindar Sumindar
Published: March 2018

Lobster pasir atau (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu jenis lobster yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan banyak ditangkap di perairan Indonesia, salah satunya di sekitar perairan pesisir Pangandaran, Jawa Barat.  Menurut Aisyah et al., (2009) dua jenis lobster dominan di perairan Selatan Jawa yakni lobster pasir dan lobster batu.
RANCANG BANGUN KEREKAYASAAN ALAT PENGUKUR KARAPAS RAJUNGAN
Authors: Djunaidi Achmad , Purwanto Purwanto , Kamis Kamis
Published: March 2018

Peraturan Menteri Kelautan Perikanan (Permen KP) No.1 tahun 2015 dijelaskan diantaranya adalah bahwa keberadaan dan ketersediaan rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) telah mengalami penurunan populasi,sehingga perlu dilakukan pembatasan penangkapan. Selanjutnya dalam pasal 2 dijelaskan bahwa setiap orang dilarang melakukan penangkapan rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) dalam keadaan bertelur. Pada pasal 3 dijelaskan diantaranya adalah penangkapan rajungan dapat dilakukan dengan ukuran lebar karapas > 10 cm (diatas sepuluh cm). PerMen tersebut perlu didukung dengan pemantauan dalam pengumpulan data stok rajungan. Data yang dikumpulkan bertujuan untuk menyediakan informasi terbaru mengenai status stok rajungan sebagai dasar para pembuat keputusan dan pemangku kepentingan yang mencakup tentang Prosedur Operasi Standar untuk pencatatan data pada daerah penangkapan rajungan, lebar karapas, jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan.
UJI OPERASIONAL ALAT TANGKAP RAMAH LINGKUNGAN JARING CIKER (JARING TIGA LAPIS ATAU TRAMMEL NET)
Authors: Kurniawan Wawan , Riyanto Agus , Santoso Amani Edi
Published: March 2018

Peraturan Menteri Kelautan Perikanan (Permen KP) Nomor 02/PERMEN-KP/2015, tentang Larangan Penggunaan Alat Penangkapan Ikan Pukat Hela (Trawls) dan Pukat Tarik (Seine Nets) di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia. Pelarangan ini dilakukan dengan pertimbangan bahwa penggunaan alat penangkapan ikan Pukat Hela dan Pukat Tarik di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia telah mengakibatkan menurunnya sumber daya ikan dan mengancam kelestarian lingkungan sumber daya ikan. (PERMEN KP).
UJI COBA KOTAK PENYIMPANAN IKAN BERPENDINGIN Thermo Electric Cooler (TEC) UNTUK KAPAL IKAN SKALA KECIL
Authors: Wibowo Siswanto , Sunarno Sunarno , Widodo Tri
Published: March 2018

Kerusakan atau penurunan mutu ikan dapat terjadi segera setelah ikan mengalami kematian. Cara yang paling penting untuk memperlambat penurunan mutu ikan adalah dengan menurunkan suhu ikan secepat mungkin dan menjaganya tetap rendah. Untuk itu perlu adanya sarana penyimpanan ikan yang baik supaya bisa untuk menjaga mutu atau kualitas ikan. Sarana penyimpanan ikan pada kapal penangkap ikan berukuran kecil (d”5GT), pada umumnya masih menggunakan coolbox atau kotak styrofoam (gabus). Sedangkan pada kapal penangkap ikan berukuran besar (>5GT) sudah  memanfaatkan teknologi palka ikan berinsulasi.
BEBERAPA JENIS PANCING (HANDLINE) IKAN PELAGIS BESAR YANG DIGUNAKAN NELAYAN DI PPI HAMADI (JAYAPURA)
Authors: Yahya Mohammad Fadli , Rahmat Enjah
Published: March 2018

Komponen utama dari suatu perikanan tangkap adalah unit penangkapan ikan yang terdiri dari kapal, alat tangkap, dan nelayan. Alat tangkap ikan adalah alat yang digunakan untuk menangkap atau mengumpulkan ikan (Diniah 2008).
UJI OPERASIONAL ARTIFISIAL HABITAT DI PERAIRAN UMUM DARATAN DI GAJAH MUNGKUR
Authors: Riyanto Agus , S Amani Edi , Sudarto Agus
Published: March 2018

Waduk Gajah Mungkur seluas 8.800 hektar, terbentuk karena pembendungan sungai bengawan Solo. Terletak di Kabupaten Wonogiri Jawa Tengah kurang lebih berjarak 3 Km sebelah selatan dari pusat Kota Wonogiri
ANALISA STATISTIK DATA UJI BANDING NITRIT (N-NO2) DAN FOSFAT (P-PO4) PADA AIR PERMUKAAN DI LABORATORIUM BRPSDI
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Dyah Ika , Sumarno Dedi
Published: March 2018

Air permukaan adalah air yang terkumpul di atas tanah atau mata air, sungai, danau, lahan basah, atau laut. Air permukaan merupakan sumber terbesar untuk air bersih.Air permukaan secara alami terisimelalui presipitasi dan secara alami berkurang melalui penguapan dan rembesan ke bawah permukaan sehingga menjadi air bawah tanah.
PENGOPERASIAN PANCING RENGGE (VERTICAL LONGLINE) UNTUK PENANGKAPAN IKAN CAKALANG DI LAUT SULAWESI
Authors: Rahmat Enjah , Surahman Adi
Published: March 2018

Ikan cakalang merupakan salah satu jenis ikan dominan di Laut Sulawesi. Usaha penangkapan ikan cakalang di perairan ini menggunakan berbagai alat tangkap diantaranya pukat cincin, huhate, jaring insang hanyut, dan pancing (pancing ulur, rawai, dan tonda). Tempat pendaratan ikan hasil tangkapan diantaranya terdapat di Manado, Bitung, Kwandang, Toli-toli, Tahuna (Sulawesi) dan Tarakan (Kalimantan).
REVIEW DATA NELAYAN ARAD DI KABUPATEN TEGAL, JAWATENGAH
Authors: Murtado Hisyam , Winarno Sigit , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: March 2018

Diterbitkannya surat edaran Direktur Jendral Perikanan Tangkap nomor B1.Sj/PL.610/I/2017 tentang pendampingan penggantian alat penangkapikan yang di larang beroperasi di wilayah pengelolaan pantai utara jawa khususnya kabupaten Tegal. Pada 2107 pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk membantu nelayan kecil di bawah 10 GT melalui Paket Bantuan berupa Bantuan alat penangkap ikan yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Kegiatan validasi ulang data nelayan arad dimaksudkan sebagai pendukung pengalihan alat tangkap dengan pemberian paket bantuan agar benar benar tepat sasaran.
PARASITES AS POTENTIAL STOCK MARKERS FOR TUNA IN INDONESIAN WATERS
Authors: Lestari Pratiwi , Lester R.J.G , Proctor Craig
Published: March 2018

Tuna fish are highly migratory species. Clarifying their stock structures and migration patterns is important for tuna fisheries management. The purpose of this research was to examine the parasites of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) to determine which parasites may be potential stock markers for assessment of tuna migration patterns. Bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna were collected (measured between 28-48 cm fork length) from 9 sites across Indonesia and from 2 ‘outlier sites’ (The Maldives and Solomon Islands). Organs including gills (filaments and branchial arches), stomach wall, liver, pyloric caeca, and intestines were examined. Seven types of didymozoids were distinguished including 3 Didymosulcus spp., 4 Kollikeria spp. and one acanthocephalan (Bolbosoma sp.). The results suggest these fish parasites are potentially useful markers for assessment of tuna migration pattern, contributing information needed for fisheries management in Indonesia.