bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A “Opacidade do direito à saúde” e as doenças refratárias
Authors: Alves Cândice Lisbôa , Resende José Renato Venâncio
Published: September 2020

Apesar de a saúde pública estar consagrada como direito fundamental, desde 1988, vislumbra-se, no Brasil, um desencontro entre os mundos deôntico e ôntico, quanto ao tema em questão; e um dos motivos são as vulnerabilidades históricas, semânticas e relativas às minorias. Assim, o presente artigo problematiza o enunciado do artigo 196 da Constituição, buscando incitar uma reflexão sobre os motivos da sua não concretização. A hipótese de trabalho é a de que a ideia de igualdade tradicional obsta a concretização dos direitos das minorias. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico, utilizando-se de um método argumentativo. A hipótese de trabalho é confirmada, ao pugnar por uma ressignificação da saúde pública.
(Des)patologização da vida: perspectiva de assistentes sociais no Recôncavo baiano
Authors: Magalhães Vinicius Pinheiro de , Santos Vera Núbia
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho teve como propósito analisar a concepção de profissionais do Serviço Social sobre a loucura e tratamento de usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), e a relação entre suas considerações e o Projeto Ético-Político (PEP) profissional. A pesquisa teve natureza empírica e abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistados cinco assistentes sociais dos CAPS I de municípios do Recôncavo Baiano, para posterior análise de conteúdo por categorização temática. As considerações dos assistentes sociais foram enquadradas numa perspectiva psicossocial, pois dialogam tanto com pressupostos biologicistas e patologizadores, como com a dimensão da cidadania. O destaque, portanto, é a necessidade de a categoria estabelecer relações mais orgânicas com os movimentos sociais vinculados à Luta Antimanicomial, os quais atuam numa perspectiva essencialmente despatologizadora da vida.
Agenciamentos da Psiquiatria no Brasil: Reforma Psiquiátrica e a Epidemia de Psicotrópicos
Authors: Kimati Dias Marcelo , Muhl Camila
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo faz uma análise sócio-histórica das políticas de saúde mental no país, colocando sob escrutínio dois movimentos distintos: a articulação e implantação da Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil e a expansão de uma psiquiatria alinhada à indústria farmacêutica. Na primeira parte do texto, a partir do referencial da sociologia histórica, foi descrita a evolução desses dois movimentos. A segunda parte apresenta a análise dos dados a partir da Teoria da Estruturação de Anthony Giddens, que mostra que a expansão do uso de psicotrópicos se desenvolveu dentro das estruturas e serviços criados a partir da Reforma Psiquiátrica, havendo com isso um processo de coexistência. A Reforma, nesse sentido, não representou oposição à epidemia de uso de psicotrópicos.
Redução de Danos na realidade do CAPS-ad de Quixadá (CE)
Authors: Sobral de Lima Leandro , Pinheiro Montenegro Francisco Valberdan
Published: September 2020

Esse texto apresenta uma síntese da pesquisa de Trabalho de Conclusão da Residência Integrada em Saúde (TCR), na ênfase de saúde mental, e teve como objetivo principal analisar a compreensão da equipe multiprofissional do CAPS-AD de Quixadá/CE sobre a política de redução de danos e sua relação com a prática profissional. A pesquisa realizada foi qualitativa e os instrumentos utilizados, na coleta e análise dos dados, foram: observação participante com registro em diário de campo; entrevista semiestruturada; pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo.  Como resultados principais, identificamos a existência de uma compreensão crítica, por parte dos interlocutores, sobre a política de drogas no Brasil; um conhecimento genérico acerca da estratégia de redução de danos; e desafios cotidianos para “colocar em prática” formas de cuidado consonantes com a estratégia de redução de danos, para além da socialização de informações.
social para a saúde mental sob a contrarreforma neoliberal
Authors: Cavalcante Rita Cássia
Published: September 2020

Considerando artigo para a sessão debate, não inclui Resumo nem palavras chave
Prefabrike Yapıların Tasarım, Üretim, Depolama, Nakliye ve Yapım Süreçlerini Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: AY İlhami , GÜMÜŞBURUN AYALP Gülden
Published: September 2020

Prefabrikasyon,
inşaat sektöründe sanayileşmenin başlangıcı olarak kabul edilir ve bu süreçleri
makineleşme, otomatik kontrol ve üretim takip etmektedir. Prefabrik inşaat
teknolojisi, binaların daha kolay ve hızlı, daha düşük maliyet, daha başarılı
kalite kontrol ve daha az malzeme israfı ile yapılmasına da olanak
tanımaktadır. Prefabrike sistemlerin birçok avantajı olmasına rağmen,
Türkiye’de prefabrike yapı sistemlerin kullanımı çok düşük seviyelerdedir. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye'de prefabrik yapı sistemlerinin kullanımını
etkileyen kriterleri tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla mimarlara, prefabrik eleman
üretimi yapan firmalara ve yüklenici firmalardan anket yöntemiyle veri
toplanmış; toplanan veriler “SPSS 22” kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonucunda her üç katılımcı grubu için tasarım, üretim ve yapım
süreçlerini etkileyen kriterlerin farklı olduğu ve katılımcı grupların önem
gösterdikleri kriterlerin de her bir süreçte değişkenlik gösterdiği sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır.
The Role of Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Cognitive Bias, and Resilience in Predicting Depression in Infertile People
Authors: Mohammadpanah Ardakan Azra , Shams Sahar
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal-structural relationship of cognitive bias and resiliency with depression in infertile people considering  the mediating role of  general anxiety.
Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted based on the application of findings.  In order to conduct research among all infertile women who referred to infertility clinics in Yazd, 200 individuals were selected through a convenient sampling method. To collect data, focused cognitive bias questionnaires, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (Short Form), and Spitzer et al. Inclusive Scale Anxiety Scale were used.  Structural Equation Modeling method was also applied to analyze the data.
Results: The findings showed that high cognitive bias and low resilience were effective in incidence of depression and anxiety among infertile people. In other words, higher cognitive bias and lower resilience increased depression and general anxiety in infertile people.  Moreover, the conceptual model designed in the research was fitted using structural equation method.
Conclusion: Findings showed that cognitive bias in infertile people predicts resilience, which is an effective factor in changing the rate of general anxiety and depression.  In addition, general anxiety plays an important role in predicting depression.
Evaluation of Hearing Status in Employees of Dental Prosthodontics Laboratories in Yazd
Authors: Abrisham Seyed Mohammad , Shafiee Mohammad , Abediny Sanich Mohsen
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is the first cause of acquired hearing loss. Dentists and dental prosthodontics technicians are exposed to different sounds produced by a variety of devices in their occupations. In this study, we studied the effect of dental prosthesis sounds on the auditory power of the respective staff.
Methods: This case-control study was carried out among all technicians of dental prosthesis laboratories in Yazd in 2018 selected by census sampling method. A total of 23 technicians who were willing to cooperate and met the inclusion criteria were included in the experimental group. Furthermore,  23 people who referred to the audiology clinic, were matched with the experimental group in terms of age and gender, and were not working in noisy environment, and had no congenital or acquired deafness were examined as the control group.  Finally, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 19 using statistical tests.
Result: The mean hearing threshold of the right ear at frequencies of 3000 and 4000 Hz and the mean hearing threshold of the left ear at frequencies of 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz was significantly higher in the experimental than the control group. The mean hearing threshold of the right ear at the frequency of 4000 Hz and the hearing threshold of the left ear at frequencies of 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz in participants with job history>4 years was significantly higher. Furthermore, the mean hearing threshold of the right ear in the frequency of 4000 Hz and the hearing threshold of the left ear at frequencies of 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz years was significantly higher in people with job history >30 years.
Conclusion: According to findings, the staffs working in dental prosthodontics laboratories suffer from NIHL at frequencies of 3000 to 8000 Hz. The hearing loss in the left ear was more severe  in  people with job history of >30 years and in people with job history of > 4 years.Therefore, the use of hearing impaired and hearing protectors is recommended in these people.
Diseño y cultura. Huellas japonesas en la Argentina
Authors: Veneziani Marcia
Published: September 2020

Dado el creciente interés por la cultura japonesa en la Argentina, en el presente ensayo se intenta analizar el vínculo entre los conceptos de instante, vacío, ambigüedad y vulnerabilidad, para relacionarlos con el diseño, el arte, la estética, la filosofía Zen y la naturaleza. El kimono, la puerta característica denominada shōji, sus marcos de madera y papel washi, la poesía Haiku, el blanco y las sombras, son algunos de los ejemplos que se abordan para explicarlo. Resulta esencial además, comprender que también el lenguaje japonés, está indisolublemente ligado al diseño y a su filosofía. Para un japonés hablar y escuchar es un verdadero arte. Es por ello que el escrito aborda la cuestión a partir, no solo de los textos de Kenya Hara, Junichirō Tanizaki y de Jorge Luis Borges, sino que además incluye -necesariamente- un diálogo entre la autora del presente artículo y la filósofa nipona Mami Goda, residente en la Argentina desde hace casi una década.
Educar para no competir. La guerra de las naciones: nuevo escenario multipolar e innovación social como alternativa de adaptación
Authors: Buey Fernández Mercedes
Published: September 2020

En un mundo cambiante y globalizado, que pide a gritos innovación, identidad y significado, pareciera ser que aquellos que esperan que el mundo se ajuste a sus cálculos y predicciones están destinados a ser frustrados. Históricamente los cambios han dado miedo porque lo desconocido asusta. Sin embargo, la vida hoy se muestra intrínsecamente cambiante, conmovedora, decepcionante y sorprendentemente positiva. En este sentido, vivir una vida de expectativas inflexibles es una receta al desastre (Asma, 2017). En definitiva, las reglas y estructuras no son creaciones divinas, ¿qué se hace cuando caen las estructuras donde se vivió toda una vida?

El mundo se encuentra hoy sumido en tiempos de cambios drásticos. Las potencias se debilitan, las masas se dispersan y la tierra llora. Pero la humanidad ya no teme al cambio, busca el cambio; el seguidor de reglas se frustra y el improvisador se adapta.
Impact of humorous advertising on purchase decision: In context of Pakistan’s telecom industry
Authors: Waqar Abbiha
Published: September 2020

The purpose was to study the impact of humorous advertisement on purchase decision, and in order to reach this objective, Uf one ads were analysed and compared to other mobile network ads which are being aired, especially in Pakistan’s telecom industry. Mobile users of Pakistan filled the questionnaires which were administered via distributing hard copies and online through Google Forms, from January 2017 to January 2018. Secondary data were collected using different research journals, which included JSTOR, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The planned sample size was 127 respondents. The results showed that humorous advertisement is one of the appeals which breaks the clutter.90% of the respondents said that humorous advertisements greatly affect the purchase decision. Hence, Ufone’s ads are effective. Recommendation for future research would be to study humour in detail, that is, by dividing the humorous appeal in categories like dark humour, slice of life humour and studying their respective impact on customer’s purchase decision.
Keywords: Humorous advertisement, advertisement effectiveness, purchase decision, telecom companies
Nanotechnology in the Future Treatment of Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Smith Robert A.
Published: September 2020

Diabetic wounds have a large and increasing burden on the healthcare of the UK. Currently, none of the standard treatment options for the treatment of diabetic wounds specifically target the physiological processes behind their enhanced severity. This review evaluated recent studies
in the field of nanotechnology concerned with treating diabetic wounds. The studies had each developed novel therapeutics involving nanomedicines that sought to either enhance angiogenesis, the construction of new blood vessels, or increase collagen production, as well as limit the augmented
inflammation, in wounds in diabetic rat or mice models. The investigations tended to either target specific antiinflammatory or pro-proliferative receptors on endogenous cells, or transport growth factors to the wound. Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of growth factors on
healing, but they are easily broken down. By transporting them in nanoscaffolds and liposomes, it has been shown that the longevity of growth factors can be enhanced. Gold nanoparticle matrices have also been shown to have a beneficial effect on healing, by both conveying proliferative factors
and independently triggering angiogenesis and collagen production. The most impressive results in the review were achieved by nanomedicines involving multiple growth factors, hence, the review will highlight the beneficial factors to wound healing and suggest a composite therapy to be trialled
in the future. The review will evaluate each set of papers using similar nanomedicines and highlight the challenges of transferring this therapy to the clinic.
Slack And Crash Risk
Authors: Goodman Theodore , Muslu Volkan , Park Hyungshin
Published: September 2020

We examine how a firm’s operational slack is associated with current income and future stock price crash risk. By doing so, we test the validity of a firm’s alternative motivations for holding operational slack. We show that Supply Chain Slack, which is based on excess working capital, is associated with higher current profits and higher future crash risk. This evidence is consistent with the firm hoarding bad news. In contrast, SG&A Slack, which is based on excess selling, general, and administrative expenses, is associated with lower current income and lower future crash risk. This evidence is consistent with the firm insuring against rare and adverse events. Furthermore, a firm’s stock price crash risk is lower when a slack type is more costly, consistent with both motivations. Overall, our findings suggest a stronger profit-crash risk tradeoff when firms hold more operational slack.
Rank Power Analysis For Comparative Strength Of Professional Sports Franchises
Authors: Yoon K. Paul , Sedaghat Mohammad
Published: September 2020

Major professional sports teams are nowadays complex businesses, intrinsically concerned with matters of economics and finance. Performances of each teams and each franchises vary greatly. This paper makes comparative performance analyses for four profession franchises in North America. Four financial measures are chosen to represent team performances: attendance, revenue, payroll, and profit. First, the box-plot was utilized to measure the spread of the power (wealth) of each league with respect to each measures. Second, the rank-power distribution was used to visualize the team’s relative standings in each measures and in each franchises. Most team performances were observed to follow the Pareto principle: few teams scored very high (significant few); large numbers of teams scored very low (trivial many). These qualitative findings can be a useful guide for franchise owners and commissioners for the future strategic planning.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA LINGKUNGAN HIDUP PERSPEKTIF KEARIFAN LOKAL INDONESIA
Authors: Fidelia Tyas , Salsabila Nada
Published: September 2020

Indonesia sebagai negara yang kaya akan sumber daya alam yang dikelola oleh negara untuk kesejahteraan rakyat. Namun, ada kalanya pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dilakukan dengan tidak efisien dan hanya berorientasi pada kepentingan jangka pendek yang mengakibatkan pengurasan sumber daya alam tidak terkendali. Kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan menimbulkan potensi terjadinya sengketa lingkungan hidup. Salah satu cara untuk menyelesaikan sengketa di luar pengadilan yaitu melalui mediasi (musyawarah) yang sebenarnya ditransplantasi dari kearifan lokal yang telah diwariskan secara turun-menurun oleh masyarakat adat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjabarkan bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa lingkungan hidup perspektif kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif (library research) dengan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) untuk menemukan aturan hukum, prinsip-prinsip hukum, maupun doktrin-doktrin hukum berkaitan dengan Penyelesaian Sengketa Lingkungan Hidup Perspektif Kearifan Lokal yang dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Penelitian ini akhirnya memberikan jawaban atas diskursus bahwa penyelesaikan sengketa lingkungan melalui mediasi dilihat dari sudut pandang kearifan lokal di Indonesia masih relevan dan menciptakan kedamaian dan kesejahteraan antara pihak yang bersangkutan karena menghasilkan kesepakatan bersama (win-win solution), namun tetap harus menjaga dan mengelola lingkungan hidup dengan baik dan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan.
TANGGUNG JAWAB PERDATA ATAS KEGAGALAN BANGUNAN DALAM HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA
Authors: Saputri Theodora Pritadianing
Published: September 2020

Pada Januari 2018, setidaknya 75 (tujuh puluh lima) orang terluka akibat robohnya lantai selasar gedung Bursa Efek Indonesia. Kejadian ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai pihak mana yang dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban dan apakah dalam pertanggungjawaban kegagalan bangunan dapat diterapkan persangkaan adanya kesalahan atau tanggung jawab langsung. Menurut Pasal 1369 KUHPerdata, pemilik sebuah gedung bertanggung jawab atas kerugian yang disebabkan oleh robohnya gedung yang dimilikinya baik secara keseluruhan maupun sebagian jika ini terjadi karena kelalaian dalam pemeliharaannya, atau karena suatu cacat dalam pembangunan maupun penataannya. Sementara itu, Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi mengatur bahwa dalam hal penyelenggaraan jasa konstruksi tidak memenuhi standar keamanan, keselamatan, kesehatan dan keberlanjutan maka pengguna jasa konstruksi maupun penyedia jasa konstruksi dapat menjadi pihak yang bertanggung jawab. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis bermaksud untuk mengkaji permasalahan hukum yang terkait dengan runtuhnya atau kegagalan bangunan dengan menganalisa ketentuan hukum yang relevan dalam KUHPerdata dan Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan sumbangsih terhadap perkembangan hukum positif Indonesia terutama dalam kaitannya dengan hukum konstruksi, khususnya kegagalan bangunan. Metode yang akan digunakan oleh Penulis adalah metode yuridis normatif dimana penulis akan melakukan analisa terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang saat ini berlaku di Indonesia mengenai kegagalan bangunan. Penulis juga akan melakukan perbandingan hukum dengan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa ketentuan dalam sistem hukum negara lain yang berkaitan dengan kegagalan bangunan. Dari hasil penelitian, Penulis menemukan bahwa hukum positif Indonesia perlu memuat batasan tanggung jawab pemilik gedung terhadap kegagalan bangunan, tanggung jawab pengelola gedung terhadap kegagalan bangunan yang diakibatkan oleh kelalaiannya dalam memelihara gedung, serta kewajiban dari kontraktor maupun perencana dalam hal terjadi cacat tersembunyi pada bangunan.
Effect of Growth Regulators on Callus Culture and Regeneration of Morus alba L.
Authors: Vandana Dubey  , Dr. Shagufta Khan  , Dr. Kunwar Wajahat Shah  , Dr. R. K. Raghuwanshi
Published: September 2020

Plantlets of the Morus alba L. were produced from callus initiated from leaf, internodal segments, and petiole explants on MS basal medium fortified with auxins and cytokinins like 2, 4-D, NAA and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Callogenesis was dependent on the nature of explants used, and growth regulators supplemented in the medium. Leaves were the best explant used for callus induction. Maximum callus was obtained on MS medium containing a combination of 1.0 mg /1 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/ l (80%). The regeneration of shoots from callus was seen on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 NAA. Presence of NAA in the medium also improved the long term organogenic potential of the callus. Regenerated shoots produced best roots on Murashige & Skoog (MS) half concentration medium containing 20 mg/l.
Comprehensive Notes on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activity of Morus alba
Authors: Vandana Dubey  , Dr. Kunwar Wajahat Shah  , Dr. R. K. Raghuwanshi
Published: September 2020

Herbal medicine has minimum side effect and treat the diseases from root level. Presently global pharmaceutical market has good response for herbal medicines, herbal cosmetics and nutraceuticals. The pharmacological activity of medicinal plants is due to presence of secondary metabolite namely alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, polyphenol etc. The herbal medicines are used for the treatment of cancer, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, fever, skin diseases etc. Morus alba belongs to family Moraceae has potent pharmacological activity and prescribed for the ailment of different diseases. The different parts of Morus alba are worthy source of active constituents namely Albanol, Albafuran, Kuwanol, Murasin, Hydroximorasinesand Moranoline, phytosterols, triterpenes, sitosteroles, benzofuran derivatives, morusimic acid, anthraquinones, glycosides, oleanolic acid, anthocyanins etc. The present review paper illustrate the scientifically reported phytochemical and pharmacological activity of Morus alba. The researchers working on herbal medicines get all the comprehensive updates related to phytochemical and pharmacological activity of Morus alba from this study.
The ATP Hypothesis Discovers the Missing “Matchmaker” between Proteins and Nucleic Acids
Authors: Xie Ping
Published: September 2020

A plenty of theories on the origin of genetic codes have been proposed so far, yet all ignored the energetic driving force, its relation to the biochemical system, and most importantly, the missing “matchmaker” between proteins and nucleic acids. Here, a new hypothesis is proposed, according to which ATP is at the origin of the primordial genetic code by driving the coevolution of the genetic code with the pristine biochemical system. This hypothesis aims to show how the genetic code was produced e.g. by photochemical reactions in a protocell that derived from a lipid vesicle enclosing various life’s building blocks (e.g. nucleotides and peptides). At extant cell, ATP is the only energetic product of photosynthesis, and is at the energetic heart of the biochemical systems. ATP could energetically form and elongate chains of both polynucleotides and polypeptides, thus acting a “matchmaker” between these two bio-polymers and eventually mediating precellular biochemical innovation from energy transformation to informatization. ATP was not the only one that could drive the formation of polynucleotides and polypeptides, but favored by precellular selection. The protocell innovated a photosynthesis system to produce ATP efficiently and regularly with the aids of proteins and RNA/DNA. The completion of permanently recording the genetic information by DNA marked the dawn of cellular life operated by Darwinian evolution. The ATP hypothesis assumes or supports the photochemical origin of life, shedding light on the origins of both photosynthetic and biochemical systems, which remains largely unknown thus far. Based on ATP hypothesis, virus (like the new coronavirus) could not be the earliest life on Earth, as it has neither biochemical systems nor lipid bilayer membrane that provided relatively isolated environment for the development of protobiochemical reactions, although it owns the genetic code of a cellular life. Virus could not be a bridge between life and non-life, but is an anti-life substance, as it depletes cellular material for its own replication, and then spreads by destroying the host cells. It can be imagined that if cellular life are completely wiped out by the virus, the complete destruction of life on Earth would be inevitable.
Augmenting Maneuverability of UUVs with Cycloidal Propellers
Authors: Desai Manavendra , Gokhale Ruddhi , Halder Atanu , Benedict Moble , Young Yin Lu
Published: September 2020

This paper investigates a novel concept of using cycloidal propellers to augment the maneuverability of unmanned underwater vehicles. Cycloidal propellers are cross-flow propellers that utilize 360$^{\circ}$ thrust vectoring to provide agile maneuvering to surface vessels like yachts, tug boats, buoy tenders and double ended ferries, but have yet to be utilized on present-day unmanned and autonomous marine vehicles. Through 360$^{\circ}$ thrust vectoring, cycloidal propellers enable surface vessels to execute spot turns, and surge in forward and backward directions with equal ease. Such compact maneuvers are difficult to execute with the conventional screw propeller-rudder setup found on marine vehicles today. On unmanned and autonomous marine vehicles, cycloidal propellers can potentially enable controlled and decoupled maneuvering in all six degrees-of-freedom while overcoming disturbances like waves and currents, and extreme flow conditions like cavitation and ventilation. This is critical for marine vehicles operating at low speeds and in restricted waters. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the maneuvering characteristics of a UUV driven by a screw propeller and control fins only, and compare it to that of the UUV augmented with retractable cycloidal propellers. The cases considered are a turning circle maneuver, a low-speed 180$^{\circ}$ turn and a low-speed heave maneuver. A six degrees-of-freedom motion prediction model that accounts for the non-linear and coupled loads on an underwater vehicle is developed and validated. Simulation results showed that compared to conventional propulsion systems, cycloidal propellers could potentially enable more swift, compact and decoupled maneuvers in unmanned marine vehicles. Integrated with robust control systems, cycloidal propellers can be explored for use in dynamic positioning, ocean exploration, station-keeping, seakeeping and teaming of unmanned and autonomous marine vehicles.
A Bibliometric Analysis of COVID-19 across Science and Social Science Research Landscape
Authors: Aristovnik Aleksander , Ravšelj Dejan , Umek Lan
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei province of China at the end of 2019, has radically transformed the lives of people around the world. Due to its fast spreading, it is currently considered as a worldwide health, social and economic concern. The lack of knowledge on this area has encouraged academic sphere for extensive research, which is reflected in exponentially growing scientific literature in this area. However, current state of COVID-19 research reveals only early development of knowledge, while a comprehensive and in-depth overview remains neglected. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to fill the aforementioned gap in the literature and provide an extensive bibliometric analysis of COVID-19 research across science and social science research landscape, using innovative and sophisticated bibliometric approaches (e.g. Venn diagram, Biblioshiny descriptive statistics, VOSviewer co-occurrence network analysis, Jaccard distance cluster analysis, text mining based on logistic regression). The bibliometric analysis is based on the Scopus database including all relevant and latest information on COVID-19 related publications (n=16,866) in the first half of 2020. The empirical results indicate that there is still a lack of publications of COVID-19 and its implications in less-explored (non-health) sciences, especially in social sciences. Accordingly, the findings emphasize an importance of a comprehensive and in-depth approach considering different scientific disciplines in COVID-19 research. The understanding of the evolution of emerging scientific knowledge on COVID-19 is beneficial not only for scientific community but also for evidence-based policymaking in order to prevent and address the COVID-19 pandemic.
Influence of Different Light Regimes on the Mycoparasitic Activity and the Production of the Secondary Metabolite 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in Two Strains of Trichoderma Atroviride
Authors: Moreno-Ruiz Dubraska , Fuchs Alessandro , Missbach Kristina , Schuhmacher Rainer , Zeilinger Susanne
Published: September 2020

The ascomycete Trichoderma atroviride is well known for its mycoparasitic lifestyle. Similar to other organisms, light is an important cue for T. atroviride. However, besides triggering of conidiation, little is known on the physiological responses of T. atroviride to light. In this study, we analyzed how cultivation under different light wavelengths and regimes impacted the behavior of two T. atroviride wild-type strains, IMI206040 and P1. While colony extension of both strains was slightly affected by light, massive differences in the photoconidation response between the two strains became evident. T. atroviride P1 colonies conidiated under all conditions tested including growth in complete darkness, while IMI206040 required white, blue or green light to trigger asexual reproduction. Interestingly, deletion of the stress-activated MAP kinase-encoding gene tmk3 abolished the ability of strain P1 to conidiate in red and yellow light as well as in darkness. Furthermore, light-dependent differences in the mycoparasitic activity of T. atroviride and in the biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite 6-pentyl--pyrone (6-PP) became evident. 6-PP production was highest upon dark incubation while light, especially exposure to white light as light/dark cycles, had an inhibitory effect on its biosynthesis. We conclude that the response of T. atroviride to light is strain-dependent and impacts differentiation, mycoparasitism and 6-PP production and hence should be considered in experiments testing the mycoparasitic activity of these fungi.
Evaluation of Water Productivity and Agronomic Performance of Paddy Rice Through Water Saving Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Mboyerwa Primitiva Andrea , Mtakwa Peter  W. , Kibret Kibebew , Aschalew Abebe , Uphoff Norman T.
Published: September 2020

Tanzania with 945 million hectares of land area and annual rainfall of 300 mm on 67% of its territorial land is considered as a semi-dry region in the world. Rice production in Tanzania needs to be increased to feed a growing population, whereas water for irrigation is getting scarce. One way to decrease water consumption in paddy fields is to change the irrigation regime for rice production and to replace continuous flooding with alternate wetting and drying. In order to investigate the effect of different regimes of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and water productivity of hybrid rice, two greenhouse pot experiments comprising soils from upland and lowland production ecologies were conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania during crop seasons of 2019. The experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomized completely block design with 3 replications. Water regimes were the main factor comparing continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) with nitrogen fertilizer levels as the sub-factor including absolute control , 0, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) improved water productivity in both upland and lowland production ecologies compared to CF. AWD increased yield under lowland production by 13.3% while in upland there was 18.5% decrease in yield. The average water use varied from 31.5 to 84 L pot-1 under upland trials, while in lowland trials it was 36 to 82.3 L. Higher yield and lower water application led to an increase in WP varying from 1.2 to 1.8 kg cm-3 under upland trials, and 0.6 to 1.5 kg cm-3 under lowland trials. The variation in water productivity among treatments was mainly due to the differences in the yield, water and nitrogen levels used in the production process. Both sets of trials recorded water saving up to 34.3% and 17.3% under lowland and upland trials, respectively. Under upland trials, the yield varied from 39.9 to 124.1 g pot-1 and in lowland trials yield ranged from 20.6 to 118.2 g pot-1 representing paddy rice. The measurements showed that less water can be used to produce more crops under alternative rice growing practices. The results are important for water-scarce areas, providing useful information to policy makers, farmers, agricultural departments, and water management boards in devising future climate-smart adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Pressure Point Threshold and ME/CFS comorbidity as Indicators of Physiotherapy Response in Fibromyalgia
Authors: Falaguera-Vera Francisco Javier , Garcia-Escudero María , Bonastre-Férez Javier , Zacarés Mario , Oltra Elisa
Published: September 2020

Current pharmacological treatments of Fibromyalgia (FM) are merely symptom palliative, as clinical trials have so far failed to provide overall benefits without associated harms. Polypharmacy often leads to patient´s health deterioration and chronic drug use to an eventual lack of patient´s response. Emerging evidence support that physiotherapy treatments based on mechanical triggers improve FM symptoms and therefore could be used for therapeutic purposes by themselves, or in combination with current pharmacological treatments, as part of integrative medicine programs. However, a paucity of studies rigorously and systematically evaluating this possibility exists. This study uses scores from validated standardized questionnaires, algometer pressure point threshold (PPT) readings and responses from a custom self-developed questionnaire to determine the impact of a pressure-controlled manual protocol on FM hyperalgesia/allodynia, fatigue and patient´s quality of life. The results show that patient´s baseline sensitivity to pain inversely correlates with treatment response in FM. Moreover, patients presenting comorbid ME/CFS do not seem to respond to the applied therapy as those presenting FM only. Thus, pre-treatment PPTs and ME/CFS comorbidity may serve as indicators to predict patient´s response to physiotherapy programs based on mechanical triggers, as the one evaluated here. These unexpected findings grant further explorations including the study of gene expression profiles associating to patient´s treatment response in the blood collection of samples generated by this study.
Where Do Ecosystem Services Come From? Assessing and Mapping Stakeholder Perceptions on Water Ecosystem Services
Authors: Garau Enrica , Vila-Subiros Josep , Pueyo-Ros Josep , Ribas Palom Anna
Published: September 2020

Reductions in water availability and increasing rainfall variability are generating a narrative of growing competition for water in the Mediterranean basin. In this article, we explore the distribution and importance of water resources in the Muga River Basin (Catalonia, Spain) based on key stakeholders’ perceptions. We performed a sociocultural evaluation of the main water ecosystem services in the region through stakeholder interviews and participatory mapping. The basin was generally perceived as a hotspot of ecosystem services, but we detected varying opinions and considerable differences in the perceptions of importance and spatial distribution of water ecosystem services. These discrepancies were linked to the varying levels of stakeholders’ dependence on water. Our findings are important for contributing to correct water planning and management in the river basin, which is a complex water social system marked by conflicts between different stakeholder groups vying for the same resource. This complex situation requires bottom-up strategies to create transparent, participatory decision-making models.
Callus Culture of Ocimum basilicum L. cv 'Thai Basil' Is an Effective Biological System for the Production of Antioxidants Compared to Leaves
Authors: Nazir Saher , Jan Hasnain , Tungmunnithum Duangjai , Drouet Samantha , Zia Muhammad , Hano Christophe , Abbasi Bilal Haider
Published: September 2020

Thai basil is a renowned medicinal plant and a rich source of bioactive antioxidant compounds having several health benefits, with actions to prevent of cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Plant cell and tissue culture technologies can be routinely established as an important, sustainable and low-cost biomass source for the production of high-value phytochemicals. The current study aimed at developing an effective protocol for the production of Thai basil leaf derived callus cultures with sustainable and high production of biomass and antioxidants as an alternative of leaves production. MS basal medium with various concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) compatible with nutraceutical applications (i.e., gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) either alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)) were evaluated. Among all tested PGRs, the combination BAP:NAA (5 mg/L:1 mg/L) yield maximum biomass accumulation (fresh weight (FW): 190 g/L and dry weight (DW): 13.05 g/L) as well as enhanced phenolic (346.08 mg/L) production. HPLC quantification analysis indicated high productions of chicoric acid (35.77 mg/g DW) and rosmarinic acid (7.35 mg/g DW) under optimized callus culture conditions. Antioxidant potential was assessed using both in vitro cell free and in vivo cellular antioxidant assays. Maximum in vitro antioxidant activity DPPH (93.2 % of radical scavenging activity) and ABTS (1322 µM Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) was also observed for the extracts from callus cultures grown on optimal conditions. In vivo cellular antioxidant activity assay confirmed the effective protection against oxidative stress of the corresponding extract by the maximum inhibition of ROS and RNS production. Compared to commercial leaves, callus extracts showed higher production of chicoric acid and rosmarinic acid associated with higher antioxidant capacity. In addition, this biological system also has a large capacity for continuous biomass production, thus demonstrating its high potential for possible nutraceutical applications.
Photocatalytic Nanocomposite Materials Based on Inorganic Polymers (Geopolymers): A Review
Authors: Falah Mahroo , MacKenzie Kenneth J.D.
Published: September 2020

Geopolymers are ecologically-friendly inorganic materials which can be produced at low temperatures from industrial wastes such as fly ash, blast furnace slags or mining residues. Although to date their principal applications have been as alternatives to Portland cement building materials, their properties make them suitable for a number of more advanced applications, including as photocatalytic nanocomposites for removal of hazardous pollutants from waste water or the atmosphere. For this purpose, they can be combined with photocatalytic moieties such as metal oxides with suitable bandgaps to couple with UV or visible radiation, or with carbon nanotubes or graphene. In these composites the geopolymers act as supports for the photoactive components, but geopolymers formed from wastes containing oxides such as Fe2O3 show intrinsic photoactive behaviour. This review discusses the structure and formation chemistry of geopolymers and the principles required for their utilisation as photocatalysts. The literature on existing photocatalytic geopolymers is reviewed, suggesting that these materials have a promising potential as inexpensive, efficient and ecologically-friendly candidates for the remediation of toxic environmental pollutants and would repay further development.
Interface of Phospholipase Activity, Immune Cell Function, and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Schilke Robert , Blackburn Cassidy , Bamgbose Temitayo , Woolard Matthew
Published: September 2020

Phospholipases are a family of lipid altering enzymes that can either reduce or increase bioactive lipid levels. Bioactive lipids elicit signaling responses, activate transcription factors, promote g-coupled protein activity, and modulate membrane fluidity that mediate cellular function. Phospholipases and the bioactive lipids they produce are important regulators on immune cell activity, dictating both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving activity. During atherosclerosis, pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving activities govern atherosclerosis progression and regression respectively. This review will look at the interface of phospholipase activity, immune cell function, and atherosclerosis.
Authentication and Traceability Study on Barbera d'Asti and Nizza DOCG Wines: The Role of Trace- and Ultratrace Elements
Authors: Aceto Maurizio , Gulino Federica , Calà Elisa , Robotti Elisa , Petrozziello Maurizio , Tsolakis Christos , Cassino Claudio
Published: September 2020

Barbera d'Asti - including Barbera d'Asti superiore - and Nizza are two DOCG (Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita) wines produced in Piemonte (Italy) from Barbera grape variety. Differences among them arise in the production specifications in terms of purity, ageing and zone of production, in particular with concern to Nizza, which has more stringent rules and can therefore be considered as the one with the highest market value, with even three-fold more average prices. To guarantee producers and consumers, authentication methods must be developed in order to distinguish among the different wines. As the production zones totally overlap, it is important to verify whether the distinction is possible or not according to metals content, or whether chemical markers more linked to winemaking are needed. In this work, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) elemental analysis and multivariate data analysis are used to study the authentication and traceability of samples from the three designations of 2015 vintage. The results show that, as far as elemental distribution in wine is concerned, work in the cellar, rather than geographic provenance, is crucial for the possibility of distinction.
The Industrial Organism Corynebacterium glutamicum Requires Mycothiol as Antioxidant to Resist against Oxidative Stress in Bioreactor Cultivations
Authors: Hartmann Fabian Stefan Franz , Clermont Lina , Tung Quach Ngoc , Antelmann Haike , Seibold Gerd Michael
Published: September 2020

In aerobic environments, bacteria are exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS). To avoid an excess of ROS, microorganisms are equipped with powerful enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Corynebacterium glutamicum, a widely used industrial platform organism, uses mycothiol (MSH) as major low molecular weight (LMW) thiol and non-enzymatic antioxidant. In aerobic bioreactor cultivations C. glutamicum becomes exposed to oxygen concentrations surpassing the air saturation, which are supposed to constitute a challenge for the intracellular MSH redox balance. In this study, the role of MSH was investigated at different oxygen levels (pO2) in bioreactor cultivations in C. glutamicum. Despite the presence of other highly efficient antioxidant systems, such as catalase, the MSH deficient ΔmshC mutant was impaired in growth in bioreactor experiments performed at pO2 values of 30%. At a pO2 level of 20% this growth defect was abolished, indicating a high susceptibility of the MSH-deficient mutant towards elevated oxygen concentrations. Bioreactor experiments with C. glutamicum expressing the Mrx1-roGFP2 redox biosensor revealed a strong oxidative shift in the MSH redox potential (EMSH) at pO2 values above 20%. This indicates, that the LMW thiol MSH is an essential antioxidant to maintain the robustness and industrial performance of C. glutamicum during aerobic fermentation processes.
Aprotinin - a New Drug Candidate for The Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Ivashchenko Andrey , Svistunov Andrey , Khorobryh Tatiana , Loginov Vladimir , Karapetian Ruben , Mishchenko Natalia , Poyarkov Stanislav , Volgin Maxim , Yakubova Elena , Topr Michael , Pyankov Oleg , Magerramova Anastasia , Tomilov Alexey , Ivashchenko Alexandre
Published: September 2020

The efficacy of Aprotinin as prophylactic treatment of Covid-19 was studied in the hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 and in the health care personnel working with Covid-19 patients in hospital. High efficacy of Aprotinin in pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 was demonstrated.
Comparisons of cardiovascular dysautonomia and cognitive impairment between de novo Parkinson’s disease and de novo dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Oka Hisayoshi , Umehara Tadashi , Nakahara Atsuo , Matsuno Hiromasa
Published: September 2020

Background Cognitive impairment may be correlated with cardiovascular dysautonomia, including blood pressure (BP) dysregulation, in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the association between these factors in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is uncertain. This study aimed to clarify whether cardiovascular dysautonomia had an influence on cognitive function in Lewy body disease or not. Methods 99 patients with de novo PD (n=75) and DLB (n=24) were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). Cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy, orthostatic hypotension (OH), supine hypertension (SH), postprandial hypotension (PPH), nocturnal BP fall in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and constipation were estimated. Associations of these factors with cognitive and executive dysfunction were examined. Results In DLB, MIBG uptake was reduced and OH, PPH and SH were severely disturbed, compared to PD. The nocturnal BP fall in ABPM was lower in DLB, and the failure of nocturnal BP fall in PD was associated with MMSE, after adjustment for other clinical features. FAB was significantly associated nocturnal BP fall, age and SH in PD, but no significant correlations among factors were found for DLB. Conclusion The significant association between nocturnal BP dysregulation and cognitive or executive decline in PD might be due to impaired microvascular circulation or invasion of α-synuclein in the CNS. The lack of a correlation of BP insufficiency with cognitive impairment in DLB suggests initial involvement of Lewy body pathology in the neocortex, regardless of Lewy body invasion of the autonomic nervous system.