bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value-target regulations and emergence in the existential projection of the digital world
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Leshkevich T.G.
Published: August 2021

The article provides insight on methodological tools of post-nonclassical science from existential perspective using the example of such concepts as value-target regulations and emergence. The main goal of the article is to expand the philosophical analysis of these methodological tools by studying their transformations in the digital age. The article considers four dimensions. Firstly, it exposes the existential projection of post-nonclassical concepts. Secondly, it defines the features of value-target regulations in relation to the semantics of purpose and value. Thirdly, the article reveals the specifics of the value system transformation in the digital age. Fourthly, it analyzes the concept of emergence in the context of contemporary realities. The author identifies significant vectors of transformations in value-target regulations, among which are the priorities of technosocialization and developing digital skills; Big Data technology development and datafication. “Double updating” patterns, simulated info-presentation and multitasking characterize behavioral digital transformations. Mental transformations are based on the expanded capabilities of brain, due to the existing trends of integration with intelligent systems. The author comes to the following conclusions. Firstly, the existential projection of post-non-classical methodological tools consists in the need for a reflective analysis of goals in relation to values. This helps to bridge the gap between the logical-conceptual abstractness of methodological tools and the problems of human existence. Secondly, at present, when digital technologies are becoming the structural element of modernity, their implementation requires active subjectivity aimed at discovering the true meaning of events and affecting the use of technological innovations. Thirdly, in spite of the fact that emergence effect is inevitable, value-target regulations contribute to the introduction of “strategic reason”, humanitarian priorities and initiatives into life practices.
Let Us Now Think Engineering: an Interview with Carl Mitcham
Authors:   Colorado School of Mines, Mitcham Carl , Kazakova A.A. ,   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: August 2021

Carl Mitcham is International Distinguished Professor of Philosophy of Technology at Renmin Universityof China and Professor Emeritus of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences at Colorado School of Mines inthe United States. For more than four decades of his work in the field of phi­losophy of science andtechnology, he has made important contributions on its most controversial topics, including biotechnologies,IT, energy and many others. Of special interest is his philosoph­ical and socio-historical study ofengineering, which has become the area of his intellectual col­laboration with V.G. Gorokhov. This year,Prof. Mitcham published a new book, “Steps toward a Philosophy of Engineering: Historical-Philosophicaland Critical Essays”. In the interview Pro­fessor Mitcham discusses the developments in engineeringprofession and education and the chang­ing role of engineering societies; the relationships betweenengineering, science and philosophy; the engineering cultures and the meaning of engineering in the modernculture.
Theory of global neuronal workspace by S. Dehaene
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Provolovich T.O.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with a methodological analysis of S. Dehaene’s theory of the global neural workspace. The French neuroscientist criticizes philosophical theories of consciousness because they do not use experimentally confirmed data. Also, he rejects such concepts of consciousness as wakefulness and attention, since they primarily describe the work of the unconscious, and not consciousness. Therefore, he suggests a way to study consciousness that would be solely based on empirical methods and provide univocal neural correlates that could be used to track the transition of a stimulus received in the brain from the unconscious to the conscious area. S. Dehaene’s research team offers four such correlates, or “signature” of consciousness, the last of which demonstrates the transition of activity from different, specialized parts of the brain to the entire neural network. Also, he believes that due to the development of neuroscientific methods of consciousness research and technologies for reading and decrypting neuroactivity in the near future, it will be possible to “read minds”, which means the reproduction of both individual conscious states and consciousness as a whole on artificial systems. This theory is not a fundamentally new way of studying consciousness, since it develops the ideas put forward by B. Baars at the end of the XX century. Based on the theory of the global neural workspace, the article attempts to identify the main misconceptions of neurobiological theories of consciousness, outlining the direction of research programs of consciousness and the brain as interrelated parts, and determining their prospects in solving the problem of consciousness.
Qualia realism and representationalism
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gusev A.A.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the problem of naturalistic explanation of an essential feature of all conscious mental states – the phenomenal character. The conception of qualia realism can be considered as one of the options for a non-naturalistic explanation of this phenomenon. Nevertheless, it is believed that the phenomenal character of experience can be explained in terms of representational content that are more acceptable to naturalism. As a rule, in these discussions, qualia are identified with the non-representational properties of experience – mental paint. The author analyzes in detail the relationship between the concepts of “qualia” and “mental paint” in the key work of G. Harman. It is shown that Harman’s argument against qualia realism fails. He defined qualia in terms of the mental paint conception, which contains consequences that replace the original thesis of qualia realism. To attack the foundations of qualia realism in a more relevant way, the author develops A. Kind’s idea of the epistemic dimension of qualia. Kind points out that since the philosophers arrived at the question of the existence of qualia by considering the plausibility of functionalism, they were so focused on metaphysical considerations that they forgot that this phenomenon is connected in the first epistemic dimension. On the basis of this, a new version of the argument from transparency of experience versus qualia realism was proposed. The argument demonstrates that the qualia realism fails the test of introspective analysis of perceptual experience. Qualia turn out to be theoretical objects that do not fulfill their prescribed explanatory function. This undermines the foundations of metaphysical arguments against the reductionist approach to consciousness, since they proceeded from the assumption of the existence of referents of the concept of “qualia”. The variant of the explanation of the phenomenal character of experience in terms of representationalism also faces internal problems. In this regard, the author offers the option of direct realism, since it is well compatible with the transparency thesis and is generally consistent with the naturalistic attitudes of the representationalism.
Computational approach to social knowledge
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhailov I.F.
Published: August 2021

Social and cognitive sciences have always faced the choice: either to meet the methodologi- cal standards given by successful natural sciences or to rely on their own. Talking about the conversion of knowledge into technology, the second way did not bring great success. The first way implies two alternative opportunities: reductionism or discovery of proprietary general laws. None of these chances have been realized with any satisfactory results, too. Methodological analysis shows that, to achieve significant progress in social sciences, what is missed there is not new facts or definitions but new conceptual schemes. The reason, as the author supposes, is the nomothetic approach being applied to systems with high degree of complexity and hierarchy. If we assume that social structures and processes are built upon cognitive psychological structures and processes, the former inherit the distributed computational architecture of the latter. The paper analyzes various conceptions of computations in order to determine their relevance to the task of building computational social science. The author offers a “generic” definition of computations as a process carried out by a computational system if the latter is understood as a mechanism of some representation. According to the author, the computationalization of social science implies “naturalization” of computations. This requires a theory that would explain the mechanism of growing complexity and hierarchy of natural (in particular, social) computational systems. As a method for constructing such a science, a kind of reverse engineering is proposed, which is recreation of a computational algorithmic scheme of social tissue by the determination and recombination of “social primitives” – elementary operations of social interaction.
Criticism of solipsism in the contexts of many-world models
Authors:   HSE University, Karpenko I.A.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the problem of the relationship between consciousness and physical reality in the context of some multi-world models. It is shown that the adoption of many- worlds models imposes certain restrictions on the criteria of scientific theory, as well as on the concept of what is considered a “theory of everything”. Based on the original criticism of solipsism and the properties of the second law of thermodynamics, it is proved that consciousness can be considered as a derivative of the fundamental principles (laws of nature) of the physical reality in which it operates. From this follows the conclusion, considering the adoption of the many-worlds hypothesis, that different types of consciousness should correspond to different worlds (with different sets of basic principles). Conclusions are also made about the role and status of mathematics in the considered hypothetical conditions, and the possibility of creating a “theory of everything” is questioned.
Psychology of Worldviews (selective translation)
Authors: Jaspers Karl
Published: August 2021

The paper presents an author’s translation of fragments of previously unpublished in Russian «Psychology of Worldviews» by the German philosopher Karl Jaspers. The excerpts have been chosen to illustrate the basic considerations of the philosopher and psychiatrist regarding the metaphor of the shell introduced to describe a rigid worldview standpoint that people take to obtain support and shelter from the vulnerability and the uncertainty of environment, while, at the same time, paying for the seeming stability and certainty with the loss of their vitality and intensity of experiencing their own life. As Jaspers highlights, the shell as antinomic in its nature, and the inner contradictions related to the antinomies are resolved at the psychological level of existence, when the shell is melted and moulded into a new form, rather than at the level of formal logic, involving the reason. The author also supplies the translation with some comments and his own considerations on the topic.
Alain
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Macyulskaya Olga
Published: August 2021

Alain (Emile Auguste Chartier) is a French philosopher and essayist, a representative of the existential personalist tendency in the philosophy of the twentieth century. Investigated the foundations of thinking from the standpoint of the reflective tradition. Developed a theory of judgment, considering the ability to judge as a special function of consciousness, allowing you to streamline knowledge about reality and make sense of the world. According to Alain, the main task of philosophy is not so much to know reality, but to teach a person the wisdom of life, to make him virtuous and happy. The leading themes of Alena's ethical concept are the substantiation of morality and freedom as the most important characteristics of a person's being. The philosopher defended the principle of autonomy of will and independence of decisions in the sphere of morality from empirical inclinations and utilitarian interests. Alain refuted the idea of the universality of moral norms, asserting the unique and creative nature of ethical values. He created an original teaching on soul therapy as a technique of inner self-control and the art of being happy.
Analytic Philosophy
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Borisov Evgeny
Published: August 2021

The paper provides an overview of the most fundamental ideas representing analytic philosophy throughout its history from the beginning of 20th century up to now. The history of analytic philosophy is divided into two stages – the early and the contemporary ones. The main distinguishing features of early analytic philosophy are using mathematical logic as a tool of stating and solving philosophical problems, and critical attitude toward ‘metaphysics’, i.e., traditional and contemporary non-analytic philosophical theories. The genesis of analytic philosophy was closely related to the revolution in logic that led to the rise of mathematical logic, and it is no coincidence that some founders of analytic tradition (first of all Frege, Russell, and Carnap) were also prominent logicians. (But there were also authors and schools within early analytic philosophy whose researches were based on less formal tools such as classical logic and linguistic methods of analysis of language. Ordinary language philosophy is an example of this type of philosophy.) Using the new logic as a philosophical tool led to a huge number of new ideas and generated a new type of philosophical criticism that was implemented in a number of projects of ‘overcoming metaphysics’. These features constituted the methodological and thematic profile of early analytic philosophy. As opposed to the later, contemporary analytic philosophy cannot be characterized by a prevailing method or a set of main research topic. Its characteristic features are rather of historical, institutional, and stylistic nature. In the paper, early analytic philosophy is represented by Frege, Russell, early Wittgenstein, Vienna Circle (Schlick, Carnap etc.), and ordinary language philosophy (later Wittgenstein, Ryle, Austin, and Searle). Contemporary analytic philosophy is represented by Quine, and direct reference theory in philosophy of language (Kripke, Donnellan, Kaplan, and Putnam).
Intercultural Philosophy
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepanyants Marietta
Published: August 2021

Intercultural philosophy emerged in the 1980s and 1990s in Germany and Austria. It has become widespread throughout the world. Geopolitical changes, which defined the nature of modernity as an era of post-colonialism and globalization, played a decisive role in its emergence. The new philosophic trend has grown from a comparative philosophy that has gone through three stages of evolution: from proving the universal "truth" of Western philosophy, to attempts to create a "synthetic philosophy" and, finally, to the recognition of autonomy and significance of non-Western philosophies. Intercultural philosophy offers a new method of thinking, which involves the rejection of claims to the ultimate truth of the philosophical tradition of its own culture, respect for the heritage of other cultures, the deployment of large-scale discourse so that to find alternative approaches to solving both purely philosophical and global problems.
The Philosopher’s plant: An Intellectual Herbarium (Herbarium Philosophicum (prologue), Plato’s Plane Tree (chapter 1))
Authors:   University of the Basque Country, Marder Michael
Published: August 2021

Michael Marder, a well-known specialist in environmental philosophy and political theory, studied at universities in Canada and the United States, received a Ph. D. from the New School of Social Research in New York, and taught at the Universities of Georgetown, Saskatchewan, and Washington. He conducted research at the University of Lisbon and served as an associate professor of Philosophy at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh before becoming a research professor at the University of the Basque Country. M. Marder is a member of the editorial board of journal «Telos» (New York), as well as the editor of four book series: «Political Theory and Contemporary Philosophy», «Critical Plant Studies», «Future Perfect: Images of the Time to Come in Philosophy, Politics, and Cultural Studies» and «Palgrave Studies in Postmetaphysical Thought». Michael Marder works in the phenomenological tradition of continental philosophy. He is the author of books «Grafts: Writings on Plants» (2016), «The Chernobyl Herbarium: Fragments of an Exploded Consciousness» (2016), «Heidegger: Phenomenology, Ecology, Politics» (2018) и «Dump Philosophy: A Phenomenology of Devastation» (2020). Most of his philosophical works are focused on constructing a concept in which plants are viewed as beings with their own form of subjectivity. He is best known for the monograph «Plant-Thinking: A Philosophy of Vegetal Life» (2013). Marder's book «The Philosopher’s Plant (Intellectual Herbarium)» (2014), from which the prologue «Philosophical Herbarium» and the first chapter «Plato's Plane Tree» are taken for translation, is devoted to the relationship between philosophy and plants. The author believes that philosophy did not pay due attention to plants, and seeks to fill this gap. The book contains twelve stories, each of which relates a famous philosopher to a plant or flower (Plato’s Plane Tree, Avicenna’s Celery, Kant’s Tulip etc.), which, according to Marder, allows a deeper understanding of his philosophical ideas.
Ethics and Ontology in the Theravāda Buddhism: Talks on ethically good and bad deeds in “Kathāvatthu” I.1.200–I.1.216
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lozhkina Anastasiya Vitalievna
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on the development of ethical issues in early Buddhism. The author focuses on the concepts “good deed” (kālyana-kamma) and “bad deed” (pāpa-kamma). These concepts are discussed in the text “The Section on Ethical Goodness” from “The Points of Discpute” (Kathāvaththu). The article begins with a brief description of “Points of Discpute”. The author then analyzes the semantics of the concepts of good and evil in early Buddhism. Beside therms kālyana – pāpa, a pair of concepts kusala – akusala is used in early Buddhist philosophy. The author concludes that the concepts kusala – akusala are used in later Buddhist texts and their use is more regular. The main part of the article is an analysis of the “The Section on Ethical Goodness”. Using specific examples, the discussion techniques characteristic of the Kathāvattu are revealed: interrogation, repetition and reduction to absurdity. It is demonstrated that scrutinizing of ethical topics in the Buddhist text cannot be separated from solving of metaphysical issues, that of the existence of the substantial doer besides deeds being most important one. Just this issue proved fundamental in discordance in opinions between the orthodox Buddhism of the therāvada school and heterodox lines of the puggalavāda. Attached is the first Russian translation from Pali of sections I.1.200, I.1.201, I.1.212 from Kathāvaththu text of the Abhidhamma-piţaka.
“Are We Souls or Bodies?” R. Swinburne’s Substantial Dualism
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Faul Bogdan Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

This article is a review of R. Swinburne’s book, “Are we bodies or souls?”. Swinburne seeks to prove that the existence of our bodies is not necessary for the existence of us, although he certainly does not deny their value. The mental substance, which he calls the soul, is both necessary and sufficient for the existence and individuation of persons. In this article the author analyzes two central arguments in defense of this view. The first argument is a solution to the problem of personal identity. Swinburne argues for what the modern literature calls “soul-theory”, according to which we are a substance with a unique principle of individuation – thisness. The second argument is a modification of Descartes’ argument, relying on the possibility of the sudden destruction of the body with the preservation of what Swinburne calls «I». The last part of the paper examines Swinburne’s response to the central problem of this argument, namely, the problem of reference to «I». The author concludes that, although Swinburne’s argument is not sufficient for those who already has physicalistic beliefs about the nature of persons, he nevertheless makes a good case that Descartes’ modified argument is successful.
Cross and Glory in Post-Metaphysical Perspective
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Konacheva Svetlana Alexandrovna
Published: August 2021

The paper is devoted to the recent book of John D. Caputo “Cross and the Cosmos: A Theology of Difficult Glory”. Caputo’s project is examined as one of the most representative explications of postmetaphysical discourse in contemporary theology. We consider the key concepts of Caputo’s theological hermeneutics – the impossible, the event, and the kingdom of God as a context for a radical theology of the cross. The paper emphases on the coming nature of the event that signals its openness to surprising possibilities that constitute even the possibility of the impossible. The author highlights the main features of the theology of the cross in Caputo’s early works, where the cross is conceptualized as a paradigmatic expression of the event of the kingdom. The analysis of the work “Cross and the Cosmos” outlines the ways of radicalization of theology of the cross and the strategy of reinterpretation of the concept of divine glory. The article highlights the problem of Caputo’s theopoetic method and considers its critique in analytical theology. We argue that a radical theology of the cross is hermeneutics of open-ended transformations in this world, a theology of the divine call embedded in temporality and mortality.
Why is the Dialogue between Analytic Philosophy and “Postmetaphysicians” so Difficult? (remark)
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shokhin Vladimir Kirillovich
Published: August 2021

It is an appearance of reviews on the newest books of two very notorious representatives of analytic and “postmetaphysical” theology in this journal, while the second review refers to polemics between these two trends, that incites an attempt at making clear wherein their incompatibility consists anew. The author sees it in two peculiarities of postmetaphysical philosophizing, i.e. a diffusive texture of this type of discourse and its political bias conjoined with a pastime with concepts and words. The first peculiarity makes one detect its genetic code from somewhat another angle as usually takes place, not so much in Nitzschean and Heideggerean philosophy as in a type of generating texts in the Jena school of Romanticism. Herewith also differences are emphasized, in the first place much more creativity of Jena thinkers and their attempts at rather producing new religions than destruction of those existing.
Paul Deussen as a Philosopher
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Burmistrov Sergey Leonidovich
Published: August 2021

Paul Deussen (1845–1919) as a philosopher followed Arthur Schopenhauer and in his main philosophical work “The Elements of Metaphysics” developed the teaching of the universal Will that reveals itself in living beings as organs of the body and instincts and in human being – as personal will. Intellect is the highest form of the Will but it can free itself – temporarily in esthetic contemplation and totally in overcoming the Will by the Will itself. Deussen’s interest to the philosophy of Schopenhauer influenced his interests in Oriental studies. He analyzed Indian philosophy in comparison with the European one. He discovered nonrandom similarities between philosophical teachings formed in these cultures that, in his opinion, testified to the principal unity of laws of philosophical thought that do not depend on the cultural affiliation of a thinker. Basing on this, he put the problem of possibility and ways of comparative study of philosophy. In his interpretation of Indian philosophy he reproduced and developed the ideas of German Romanticists who searched new ways of cultural development beyond the sphere of Western civilization. Deussen’s interests in Indian philosophy were in fact the continuation of his general philosophical interests. But they are demanded also today inasmuch as philosophical comparative studies offer the challenge for that intercultural philosophy having as it is also religious dimension which was worked on by Paul Deussen as one among the earliest scholars.
Nomad traits in the character of Russians in the sphere of spirit and in material production
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Vakhitov Rustem R.
Published: August 2021

The perception of the Russian people as settled is widespread among the Russian intelli­gentsia. However, many figures of Russian culture (from I.S. Aksakov to A.M. Gorky) noted the similarity of the Russian character with the character of nomadic peoples. In their opinion, Russians are also characterized by the desire to wander, the search for a better life, and in the spiritual sphere – dissatisfaction with the existing state of affairs, the search for higher ideals. Our article suggests that these features should be consistent in the material basis, in the sphere of material production, in the economic practices of the Russian people (Great Russians) at different stages of its history. Indeed, even V.O. Klyuchevsky pointed out that during the formation of the Great Russian (Russian ethnos), colonists from the south, who found themselves in the interfluve of the Volga and Oka rivers, used nomadic, slash-and-burn agriculture. This influenced the character of the Russian people. In the twentieth century, the creator of socio-natural history ES Kulpin-Gubaidullin developed these ideas, characterizing Russian civilization as combining the features of sedentary, statist (China) and nomadic (Turan). Sociologist Y.M. Plyusnin showed how great is the role of otkhodnik in the economic practices of the Russian people up to the present. Thus, there is serious evidence for the thesis that there is a kinship between the worldview and values of the Russian and nomadic peoples, as pointed out by both the Slavophiles and the Eurasians. Similar tendencies are present in the material production of the Russian peo­ple, both in the Middle Ages and in modern and contemporary times. One may disagree with Marxism that material production is primary, and spiritual culture is secondary, but the existence of a correlation between the material and the spiritual in society is an im­mutable truth discovered by Marxism. Using his methods allows you to better understand the origins of the values of Russian culture. This also makes it possible to explain the phe­nomenon of complementarity between the Slavic and Turanian cultures of Eurasia.
Global threats and civilizationsʼ solidarity (analytical review of the 18th International Panarinʼs readings held on December 26, 2020, timed to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the birth of Alexander Panarin)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moschelkov Evgeniy N. , Rastorguev Valeriy N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Nikandrov Aleksey V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Alasania Kira Y. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sedykh Tatiana N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to a review of the 18th International Panarinʼs readings held on De­cember 26, 2020, timed to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the birth of Alexander Panarin and dedicated to the theme “Global Threats and Solidarity of Civilizations”. The article consistently describes the course of the conference: prologue, plenary with a brief summary of the reports, summarizing.
A Path Toward a More Understandable Advertising Disclosure for Children
Authors: Spielvogel Ines Katrin
Published: August 2021

Children are heavily confronted with advertising messages in their media environments. Given the emotional nature of contemporary advertising and children’s still developing cognitive skills, young consumers are hardly able to cope critically with advertising attempts. So that children are able to detect the persuasive intent, advertising disclosures are viewed as potential supportive measures to mitigate harm that excessive advertising might cause to children. However, the effects of advertising disclosures on children’s awareness of persuasion, i.e., “persuasion knowledge,” appear to be mixed. Moreover, scholars of this research field lack a consensus about what kind of determining factors play important roles in terms of children’s persuasion knowledge activation through disclosures. The present study builds on persuasion knowledge literature and investigates whether the factors identified in this research field can be also transferred to advertising disclosures. The results of a literature review of previous disclosure research show that disclosures might need specific ‘features’ so that advertising disclosures can be effective among children. Furthermore, not all children appear to be equally likely to grasp the meaning of disclosures. However, individual factors other than age might be more important in this context, including environment and situation. Finally, opportunities for future research are discussed.
Origem e análise da fragilidade cibernética brasileira
Authors: Camera Ricardo , Beaklini Bruno Lima Rocha
Published: August 2021

O ex-agente da Agência de Segurança Nacional Edward Snowden revelou evidências da espionagem cibernética dos Estados Unidos. Este artigo estuda algumas correlações ligadas a essas ameaças cibernéticas, e a metodologia envolve uma abordagem qualitativa. Dessa forma, entende-se que houve uma disseminação das TIC norte-americanas durante o século 20, o que criou uma dependência global das tecnologias estadunidenses. O fracasso do Brasil em desenvolver suficientemente seu setorde TIC pode tê-lo tornado vulnerável aos ataques cibernéticos. No entanto, não se pode ter certeza de que tais fatores foram os motivos da vigilância eletrônica promovida pela NSA, visto que correlações não implicam em relações causais.
Organizações internacionais e a proteção da democracia
Authors: Ferraz Oliveira João Paulo
Published: August 2021

A proteção da internacional da democracia é uma questão de poder. Embora estudos recentes sistematizaram a perspectiva multidimensional do poder nas políticas de proteção democrática, o foco estava nos Estados nacionais. Este artigo enfocou as Organizações Intergovernamentais (OIGs), assumindo-as como atores capazes de projetar poder na política mundial. Primeiro, usamos a tipologia do poder em Barnett e Duvall, declarada como multifacetada e produtora de diferentes políticas e resultados. Segundo, o artigo aplicou essa tipologia observando como os poderes compulsórios, institucionais, estruturais e produtivos aparecem na ação das OIGs. O resultado foi uma análise complexa, multinível e interdisciplinar do fenômeno político.
Inserção Paradoxal
Authors: Salles Jung João Henrique
Published: August 2021

Com enfoque na relação entre política externa e desenvolvimento, este artigo analisa a inserção internacional do Brasil no período que se inicia com a ascensão de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003) ao poder e se finda após o primeiro mandato de Dilma Rousseff (2015). O trabalho aponta um paradoxo da política externa brasileira do início do século XXI: apesar do protagonismo político, a dependência econômica aumentou de forma exponencial. A partir deste levantamento, propõe-se o conceito de inserção paradoxal em detrimento do Estado logístico concebido por Amado Cervo enquanto uma melhor hermenêutica da política exterior dos governos petistas.s petistas.
Editorial
Authors: De Castro Biane , Semensatto Simone , Mestreti Lemos Dellins
Published: August 2021

Neste ano estamos comemorando os 20 anos da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul e com novidades no que se refere à Revista Eletrônica Científica da Uergs. Mesmo com pouco tempo de existência, criada em 2015, a Revista conseguiu inovar a partir da configuração de novos plugins no Open Journal System (OJS) versão 3.0. Comemoramos o primeiro semestre de 2021 com a transição da Equipe Editorial. Temos uma nova Editora-Chefe, professora Biane de Castro e alguns novos membros no time editorial. Neste último ano recebemos pela primeira vez trabalhos na modalidade artigo de dados. A nível nacional, poucas revistas científicas aderiram até o momento a este tipo de publicação, que será muito em breve uma tendência no âmbito editorial. Percebemos como um marco positivo e de inovação. A nossa Revista também inovou em detalhes do seu leiaute (tanto do site, quanto da formatação da publicação final), com a adição do novo logo da Revista, que foi idealizado através de um edital de seleção para este fim. A designer Anelise Padilha Viana foi responsável pela criação do logo vencedor, inspirado na representação da educação por um livro aberto. Os elementos que remetem à ciência, à tecnologia e ao conhecimento são representados por pontos azuis que emergem do livro e partem dele indicando que esse elemento não é algo que se pode deter ou aprisionar assim como a água (UERGS, 2020).
Autism Diagnosis in The Core Competency Principle: First Contact, Open Access, All Health Problems
Authors: ŞAHİN Ayşe , ARDIÇ Cüneyt
Published: August 2021

A six-year-old male patient who has a twin healthy brother was admitted to our family medicine clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, and nausea. On physical examination, fever was 36.7°C, oropharynx was hyperemic, he had tonsillar hypertrophy, left ear discharge and respiratory sounds were natural. The patient was diagnosed with "Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection" and treatment was started. During the examination, the patient was agitated and fearful, unable to concentrate, did not make eye contact, did not respond to questions and warnings, and exhibited distinct behavioral differences from his twin, such as shouting and crying, and aggressive features. When his medical history was questioned, he was learned to have born to a 45-year-old father and a 35-year-old mother through in vitro fertilization method on 35 weeks and 4 days, he was 2650 gram. He was breastfed for 8 months, could speak a word around the age of 2, and there was usually a neurodevelopmental process behind his twin. Considering this situation, the patient was referred to the child psychiatry outpatient clinic due to the suspicion of autism. He was evaluated in the child psychiatry outpatient clinic for the first time three years ago, since his speech did not start at the same time with his twin, and he was recommended to come for a follow-up visit 3 months later with a pre-diagnosis of autism. The patient, who did not come for the control, was diagnosed with "Autism" after the evaluation in our family medicine clinic.
AİLE HEKİMLİĞİ POLİKLİNİĞİ’NDE TANI ALAN AKUT DERİN VEN TROMBOZU: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: ALBAYRAM Saniye , AKSOY Hilal , FİDANCI İzzet , AYHAN BAŞER Duygu , CANKURTARAN Mustafa
Published: August 2021

Akut derin ven trombozunun teşhisi ve tedavisi zordur. Bu yüzden sıklıkla hatalar yapılabilir. Tek başına klinik tanı genellikle güvenilir değildir ve hastanede meydana gelen derin ven trombozunun büyük bir kısmı asemptomatiktir. Derin ven trombozu ile ilgili klinik şüphe durumunda, D-dimer tayini ve / veya görüntüleme yapılmalıdır. Zamanında teşhis mümkün değilse, antikoagülasyon başlatılmalıdır. Makalemizde aile hekimliği polikliniğimize bacak ağrısı şikâyetiyle başvuran ve akut derin ven trombozu tanısı ile tedavisine başlanan olguyu sunduk.
Effects of masks, social distancing and general hygiene recommendations on rotavirus gastroenteritis in children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: YILDIZ Eren , DİNÇER Zübeyde , NARSAT Mehmet Ali , ÇIĞRI Emrah , ÇATAN İNAN Funda
Published: August 2021

Aim: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity for children worldwide, especially in developing countries. Rotavirus is transmitted by the feces of the people carrying it through food and hands. Additionally, door handles, telephones, sockets, and toys may play a role in spreading the infection. In addition to fecal-oral transmission, transmission via droplets has also been reported. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of rotavirus in pediatric acute gastroenteritis cases in our institution and reveal the effect of the increased mask, social distancing and general hygiene recommendations with COVID-19 pandemic on rotavirus gastroenteritis. Methods: A total of 4781 patients aged 0-18 diagnosed with AGE between January 2019 and December 2020 were included in the study. The rotavirus positivity of patients diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis before and after the pandemic was statistically compared according to season, gender, and age variables. Results: Four hundred nine (8.6%) of 4781 patients were determined as rotavirus positive. The frequency of rotavirus in the age range of 0-2 was higher than that of in the other age ranges. Rotavirus is more common in the winter and spring seasons. In the modeling performed for patients with AGE in our hospital, provided that the other variables remained constant, the risk of rotavirus positivity increased by 1.14 times with the season variable while it decreased by 0.66 times with age. It was concluded that as the age increased, the odds value of being rotavirus positive decreased by 33.4%. While the prevalence of rotavirus gastroenteritis was 7.5% between March 2019 and December 2019, this frequency decreased to 4.7% with the pandemic (March 2020-December 2020), which was statistically significant (X2=8.620; p=0.003). Conclusion: Increasing masks, social distancing and general hygiene recommendations due to COVID 19 have led to a decrease in the frequency of rotavirus infections in children.
Vısualısatıon of Undergraduate Archıtectural Research Actıvıtıes through MYDISSERTPLANNER
Authors: Alauddin Kartina , Abdul Talib Yuhainis , Ismail Kharizam , Salleh Nor Aini
Published: August 2021

This research is a continuous process that requires virtuous planning and monitoring of the activities. A formal planning application is inadequate to assists them in managing all research activities to ensure the task will complete within the time frame given. The aim is to visualise the undergraduate research activities through the use of mobile applications, namely MYDISSERTPLANNER. The result shows that most students have problems completing the research within the timeframe. Therefore, the development of MYDISSERTPLANNER through smartphone apps is seen to give benefit and bring innovative features to students and academicians in ensuring the quality of research accomplished.
Keywords: Undergraduate students, Mobile Application, MYDISSERTPLANNER, Research Activities
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2929
Islamic Psycho-Spiritual Support Model for Disaster Victims
Authors: Saidon Rafeah , Ab Manan Siti Khadijah , Sueb Rosilawati , Abd Rahman Fairuz Nazri
Published: August 2021

Religiosity and spiritual experiences are primarily associated with better physical and mental health, less need for health services, faster recovery from illness, and increased longevity.  Unfortunately, in any disasters or calamities, psycho-spiritual consequences are given less emphasis. In fact, to date, there has been no specific and comprehensive religious-based model being introduced to the victims in minimizing the risks of psycho-spiritual impacts. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe a proposed model of psycho-spiritual support for disaster victims based on the Islamic principles of maqasid shariah.
Keywords: Islamic; psycho-spiritual; model; disaster
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2932
Overview of Malaysian Traditional Batik Authenticity
Authors: Rosman Rahman , Khairi Hanif , Legino Rafeah , Naser Faradiba Liana
Published: August 2021

This study is partly from the on-going project and discovers the essential characteristics of the traditional Malaysian Batik. The Malaysian identity should sustain and retain as part of Malaysian heritage.  The modernisation of Malaysia brought about many positive changes, but it has also impacted culture, predominantly Malay batik authenticity. This review will share clear insight into how this scenario provided cultural context and meaning related to the Malaysian traditional batik motif.
Keywords: Authenticity; Batik; Malaysian; Traditional
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2937
Examining Influencer Marketing Practices and Disclosure in Malaysia
Authors: Nawi Nor Fadzlina , Faizol Nur Amalina
Published: August 2021

Recent times have seen social media influencers becoming the foundation of ‘influencer’ based marketing practices. This phenomenon raises certain legal concerns, including the issue of disclosure. This study examined influencer marketing practices in Malaysia on Instagram and explored Malaysia’s need to review its regulation, especially when it comes to disclosure. Although preliminary, the findings of this study give an overview of the marketing practices undertaken by these influencers and the lack of disclosure of ‘material connection’ between the business or brand and the influencers. It is concluded that Malaysia needs to acknowledge this concern and revised its laws.
Keywords: disclosure; influencer marketing; social media; regulation
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI:
Improving National Park Management in Malaysia: Towards greater community participation
Authors: Baka Ahmad Naqiyuddin , Zainon Saunah
Published: August 2021

The study evaluates the wider impacts of a national park within the scope of an integrated environmental hub at the global and local level covering, first, divulges concepts relating to the current governance approach to national park management; second, empirical review in lieu with effective management of protected areas demonstrated by co-management and community-based management approach, third, a brief look at two referral case studies, ie.  Zagatala-Balakan Biosphere Reserves, Azerbaijan and Comana Natural Park, Romania; and fourth, addressing the efficiency use of local resources associated to those areas.  Finally, evaluation on the way and strategy forward for country’s intention to gauge on the potentials of National Park.
Keywords: Bio-diversity; National Parks; Protected Areas; environment
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2943
Visual Digitized Artwork for Archiving Model of Sustainable Context
Authors: Legino Rafeah , Shamsudin Muhamad Khairi , Ahmad Farid Raihan , Zainal Abidin Mursyidah
Published: August 2021

This project reviewed on the artwork that exhibited in galleries is always in danger of being deteriorated due to exposure or the unconducive environment unless a good system of preserving them is in place. The valuable artwork must protect, and therefore a useful archiving technology needs to be engaged for the perpetual digitalized artwork. This project was able to digitalize for constant archiving of artwork that contains various themes, styles, content and context from a different medium. The identification is essential due to categorizing the types of material, including physical and visual protection through digitations. 
Keywords: Archiving; Artwork; Digitized; Sustainable Context; Visual
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2944