bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Polyurethane–Polyacrylate Hybrid Latexes with High Organosilicon Content via Phase Inversion Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Zhou Junhao , Luo Furui , Tang Liming , Guo Zhaoxia
Published: December 2024

Waterborne polyurethane, with a mechanical strength comparable to solvent-based types, is eco-friendly and safe, using water as a dispersion medium. Polyacrylate excels in film formation and weather resistance but suffers from “hot stickiness and cold brittleness”. Merging polyurethane and polyacrylate creates advanced hybrids, while organosilicon enhances properties but is restricted due to hydrolytic crosslinking. In this paper, a series of polyurethane–polyacrylate hybrid latexes with high organosilicon content were prepared using phase inversion emulsion polymerization technology. Even when the monomer content of 3-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) was increased to 10%, the polymerization process was stable, without the formation of a gel precipitate. The resulting latexes could remain stable for at least 6 months without significant changes in the properties of their films. The effects of MPS content on the mechanical and thermal properties of latex films were systematically researched. The study showed that with an increase in MPS dosage, the hardness and elastic modulus of the latex films increased, while the elongation at break and water absorption decreased, together with the increased glass transition temperature and surface hydrophilicity. This work aims to provide new theoretical guidance for the preparation of silicone-modified hybrid latexes, enabling their safe and stable production and storage.
Biological Properties and Phytochemicals of Multipurpose Tree Plant Hagenia abyssinica
Authors: Jaiswal Varun , Lee Hae-Jeung
Published: December 2024

Hagenia abyssinica (HA) is a monotypic tree species used as traditional medicine against various diseases and conditions in African countries. HA is also a multipurpose plant used for furniture, fuel wood, soil fertility management, and rainwater conservation, along with medicinal usage. In different in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and human studies, the potential of HA for different pharmacological properties, including anti-parasite, antibacterial, antifungal, antispasmodic, anticancer, anti-diabetes, antidiarrheal, wound healing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities were observed. Antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties of HA may be the primary reason for the multi-pharmacological activities of HA. Initial toxicity studies and the presence of various phytochemicals, especially flavonoids, also support the therapeutic potential of HA. The diverse medicinal properties of the plant have different challenges to overcome for its development. Limited studies to decipher the molecular mechanism behind the pharmacological activity restrict the utilization of the complete potential of HA as therapeutics. Still, the compilation of phytochemical, pharmacological activities, and target pathways of HA is missing in the literature. The current review not only compiles the pharmacological activities and phytochemicals but also highlights the gaps and proposes the future direction to develop HA as a candidate against important diseases.
Anti-Inflammatory Potential of 3-Hydroxy-β-Ionone from Moringa oleifera: Decreased Transendothelial Migration of Monocytes Through an Inflamed Human Endothelial Cell Monolayer by Inhibiting the IκB-α/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Luetragoon Thitiya , Daowtak Krai , Thongsri Yordhathai , Potup Pachuen , Calder Philip C. , Usuwanthim Kanchana
Published: December 2024

Moringa leaves provide numerous health benefits due to their anti-inflammatory properties. This study presents the first evidence that endothelial cell inflammation can potentially be ameliorated by moringa leaf extract. Here, we established an experimental human blood vessel cell model of inflammation using EA.hy926 cells. TNF-α was added after pre-treating the cells with crude leaf extract from Moringa oleifera Lam., a constituent fraction of the extract, and the bioactive component 3-hydroxy-β-ionone. The extract and the active ingredient significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1; decreased IκB-α and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation; and decreased the expression of VCAM-1, PECAM-1, and ICAM-1, three significant adhesion molecules. Furthermore, they attenuated THP-1 monocyte adhesion to the EA.hy926 monolayer and decreased monocyte transmigration across the monolayer. These findings suggest that 3-hydroxy-β-ionone and moringa leaf extract have anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as therapeutic agents to reduce the progression of diseases involving the inflamed endothelium by decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. This is promising for conditions such as atherosclerosis and neuroinflammation.
Scaling of Rotational Constants
Authors: Tikhonov Denis S. , Sueyoshi Colin J. , Sun Wenhao , Xie Fan , Khon Maria , Gougoula Eva , Li Jiayi , Berggötz Freya , Singh Himanshi , Tonauer Christina M. , Schnell Melanie
Published: December 2024

This manuscript introduces the concept of scaling factors for rotational constants. These factors are designed to bring computed equilibrium rotational constants closer to experimentally fitted ground-state-averaged rotational constants. The parameterization of the scaling factors was performed for several levels of theory, namely DF-Dn/def2-mVP (DF=B3LYP,PBE0, n=3(BJ),4, m=S,TZ), PBEh-3c, and r⁢2SCAN-3c. The obtained scaling factors systematically improved the consistency between the theoretical and experimental rotational constants.
Improving Phosphate Acquisition from Soil via Higher Plants While Approaching Peak Phosphorus Worldwide: A Critical Review of Current Concepts and Misconceptions
Authors: Gerke Jörg
Published: December 2024

Phosphate (P) is the plant macronutrient with, by far, the lowest solubility in soil. In soils with low P availability, the soil solution concentrations are low, often below 2 [µmol P/L]. Under these conditions, the diffusive P flux, the dominant P transport mechanism to plant roots, is severely restricted. Phosphate is sorbed into various soil solids, Fe/Al oxides, clay minerals and, sometimes overlooked, humic Fe/Al surfaces. The immobilization of P in soil is often the result of the diffusion of P into the internal surfaces of oxides or humic substances. This slow reaction between soil and P further reduces the availability of P in soil, leading to P fixation. The solubilization of soil P by root-released carboxylates is a promising way to increase the acquisition and uptake of P from P-fixing soils. Citrate and, sometimes, oxalate are effective with respect to additional P solubilization or P mobilization, which may help increase the diffusive P flux into the roots by increasing the P solution concentrations in the rhizosphere. The mobilization of humic-associated P by carboxylates may be an effective way to improve soil P solubility. Not only orthophosphate anions are mobilized by root-released carboxylates, but also higher phosphorylated inositol phosphates, as the main part of P esters in soil are mobilized by carboxylates. Because of the rather strong bonding of higher phosphorylated inositol phosphates to the soil solid phase, the mobilization step by carboxylates appears to be essential for plants to acquire inositol-P. The ecological relevance of P mobilization by carboxylates and its effect on the uptake of P by crops and grassland species are, at best, partially understood. Plant species which form cluster roots such as white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) or yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) release high rates of carboxylates, mainly citrate from these root clusters. These plant species acquire fixed or low available P which is accessible to plants at rates which do not satisfy their P demand without P mobilization. And white lupin and yellow lupin make soil P available to other plants in mixed cropping systems or for subsequent plant species in crop rotations. The mobilization of P by carboxylates is probably also important for legume/grass mixtures for forage production. Species such as alfalfa, red clover or white clover release carboxylates. The extent of P mobilization and P uptake from mobilized P by legume/grass mixtures deserves further research. In particular, which plant species mostly benefit from P mobilization by legume-released carboxylates is unknown. Organic farming systems require such legume/grass mixtures for the introduction of nitrogen (N) by forage legumes into their farming system. For this agricultural system, the mobilization of soil P by carboxylates and its impact on P uptake of the mixtures are an important research task.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Reverse Osmosis Concentrates from Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Ti4O7-Nanotube Reactive Electrochemical Membrane
Authors: Qian Qiujie , Xiao Pingzhong , Du Tinghui , Xu Demin , Guo Chuanshuo , Guan Yue , Yan Minxuan , Wang Feihong , Zhang Yonghao , Li Yan
Published: December 2024

With the growing demand for high-quality discharge, reverse osmosis (RO) technology has been widely applied in landfill leachate treatment; however, the problem of reverse osmosis concentrates (ROCs) has worsened. In this work, a Ti4O7-nanotube reactive electrochemical membrane (Ti4O7-NT-REM) was employed to treat ROCs from landfill leachate treatment. The effects of current density, flow rate and pH on COD removal were evaluated, and the appropriate conditions were a current density of 20 mA cm−2, a flow rate of 10 mL s−1 and a pH of 7. Under these conditions, COD, TOC, NH4+-N and NO3−-N were removed by 82%, 68%, 100% and 73%, respectively. In addition, the 3D-EEM fluorescence spectra and GC–MS results revealed that the organics significantly decreased after 120 min of treatment, and aliphatic compounds were the major organic compounds. The stable performance of the REM was illustrated by cyclic treatment (20 cycles) with the assistance of cathodic polarization. In addition, a long service lifetime of 267.3 h and a low energy consumption of 7.6 kWh·kg COD−1 were obtained by related testing and evaluation. The excellent and stable performance confirmed that the Ti4O7-NT-REM has broad application prospects in the treatment of ROCs.
Application of Decomposition Expression in Digital Video Object Segmentation
Authors: Kong Jianfu
Published: December 2024

In the field of actual Video Object Segmentation (VOS), traditional techniques have poor adaptability and insufficient segmentation results. Therefore, based on existing problems, an Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation (UVOS) technique based on convolutional networks is proposed. Firstly, the method of decomposing expressions is used to handle the spatiotemporal relationship between the reference frame and the target frame, and video object reconstruction is achieved through similarity calculation. For target segmentation in motion scenes, a Single Linear Bottleneck Operator (SLBO) is introduced for feature extraction, and pooling compensation is used to optimize feature information loss. For general scene segmentation, a spatiotemporal similarity segmentation technique is introduced to achieve target video segmentation for complex scenes. In the foreground segmentation test of sports scenes, the Change Detection Benchmark Dataset 2014 (CDNet.20I4SM) dataset was selected to test the model's loss performance in different scenarios. In adverse weather scenario training, the proposed model tends to converge after 40 iterations, with a loss value of 0.276, which is superior to the Foreground image Segmentation (FgSegNet_), the Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation (MU Net), Cascade Convolutional Neural Network (Cascade CNN) models; In the accuracy test, the proposed FS-LBPC model tended to converge after 50 iterations, with a precision P-value of 0.963. It performed the best among the four segmentation models the FgSegNet_, MU Net, Cascade CNN, and a real-time Foreground Segmentation network based on single Linear Bottleneck and Pooling Compensation (FS-LBPC). Usually, the Densely Annotated VIdeo Segmentation (DAVIS16) dataset is selected for video scene segmentation, which has the best segmentation performance in horse racing and animal flight scenes, with segmentation accuracy of 0.976 and 0.965, respectively. In summary, the VOS technology has excellent application effects in practical scenarios, providing important technical references for the improvement of image and video processing and segmentation technology
A Novel Space-Efficient Method for Detecting Network-Wide Heavy Hitters in Software-Defined Networking Using P4-Switch
Authors: Alhaj Ali , Bhukya Wilson , Lal Rajendra
Published: December 2024

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a dynamic, programmable approach that enables centralized control and has become essential in modern networking environments such as data centers, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), and emerging 5G applications. A critical challenge within SDN environments is detecting and managing “heavy hitters” high-traffic flows often associated with malicious activities like Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks or real-time data-intensive applications. Identifying these flows across multiple network switches is complex due to constraints like memory limitations and processing accuracy. This paper proposes a novel, network-wide solution for detecting Heavy Hitters (HH), moving beyond the single-switch approaches found in previous research. In contrast, the new strategy introduces two algorithms to enhance detection. The first algorithm leverages the P4 programming language to identify the local Top-k heavy flows at individual P4-enabled switches. The second algorithm employs dynamic thresholding to efficiently combine the Top-k lists from multiple switches, creating a centralized, coordinated network-wide detection system. The proposed system was rigorously tested in an SDN environment utilizing P4 switches. The results show that it achieves a high detection accuracy (95%-100%) while using only 10KB of memory per programmable switch. Furthermore, the approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, providing higher accuracy and lower error rates with minimal memory usage
Синдром цитотоксического поражения мозолистого тела (CLOCCs) после перенесенной острой респираторной вирусной инфекции: краткое сообщение
Authors: Ващилина Т.С. , Рушкевич Ю.Н. , Антоненко Д.А. , Гвищ Т.Г.
Published: December 2024

Цитотоксические поражения мозолистого тела (сytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum, CLOCCs) – разнородная группа патологических состояний, сопровождающаяся изменениями сигнальных характеристик мозолистого тела (чаще валика) на МРТ головного мозга. В публикации представлен клинический случай CLOCCs, выявленный при проведении магнитно-резонансной томографии головного мозга пациенту, перенесшему накануне острую респираторную вирусную инфекцию.

Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) are a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions accompanied by changes in the signal characteristics of the corpus callosum (more often of the splenium) on the brain MRI scans. The publication presents a case report of CLOCCs detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging in a patient who underwent a previous acute respiratory viral infection.
Análise de Vídeos sobre Exame de Comparação de Locutores Postados no Youtube® por Fonoaudiólogos
Authors: Lebedieff Laura Athena , Berejuk Denise de Oliveira Carneiro ,  Massucheto Ana Martha , Stadler Ângela ,  Priolo Filho Sidnei Rinaldo , Tonocchi Rita
Published: December 2024

Introdução: em meio às atuações na perícia fonoaudiológica, destacam-se as audiovisuais, com foco no exame de Comparação de Locutores (CL). A partir da frequência cada vez maior da utilização de recursos tecnológicos, no ambiente virtual, como fonte de pesquisas/informações, cabe averiguar como fonoaudiólogos apresentam sobre a CL na área de perícia criminal em vídeos postados por eles no website YouTube®. Objetivo: analisar vídeos da plataforma YouTube® que abordam o exame CL por parte de fonoaudiólogos. Metodologia: estudo transversal, exploratório, com análise videográfica acerca da CL sob o olhar da Fonoaudiologia voltada ao processo pericial. Para a busca do material foram utilizadas palavras-chave específicas e considerados determinados critérios de inclusão, sendo realizadas visualizações na íntegra desse material e, então, selecionados os vídeos, que foram investigados por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Assim, elaboraram-se duas categorias: 1) Formação do fonoaudiólogo para atuação na CL; 2) Participação do fonoaudiólogo no processo pericial. Resultados: foram selecionados nove vídeos (quatro contemplados na categoria 1 e cinco na 2) postados após a Resolução Nº 584 do CFFa/2020, que reconhece a perícia fonoaudiológica como especialidade. Considerações Finais: destaca-se a relevância da participação do fonoaudiólogo no tema deste estudo, considerando-se sua formação que contempla diversos aspectos para a realização do exame CL. Chama-se atenção para a necessidade de estudos que levem em conta os conteúdos circunscritos na perícia fonoaudiológica e a participação do fonoaudiólogo na CL, bem como da visão desse profissional no cenário forense para a Fonoaudiologia.
Palavras-Chave: Acústica da Fala. Reconhecimento de Voz. Prova Pericial. Mídias Sociais. Fonoaudiologia.
Assessing cyber risks on board ships: A literature review
Authors: Ungureanu Costel , Gasparotti Carmen
Published: December 2024

Due to the multiple cyber-attacks that resulted in financial losses and personal information breaches, cyber security has become an essential issue for the maritime industry today. This research aims to identify the potential cyber risks associated with operational technology (OT) systems on board ships that influence the cyber security of vessels through a state-of the-art literature review. Assessment of the cyber risks on board is carried out according to their likelihood and severity, using a risk score matrix, based on which, they are classified into three categories: high risk, medium risk, and low risk. Based on the classification of cyber risks on board the ship in the three categories, the measures to mitigate them can be defined, to ensure cyber hygiene on board the ship.
On local strength analysis in critical conditions of mooring and towing for a chemical tanker
Authors: Pascu Paul-Adrian , Domnișoru Leonard , Gavan Eugen
Published: December 2024

Mooring and towing equipments ensure stability, control and safety in stationary (mooring) and transit (towing) situations. Mooring equipment is responsible for securing a vessel in place at a dock, pier, or offshore structure. Proper mooring equipment and reinforcements ensure that the vessel remains safely secured despite the influence of environmental loads. Towing equipment is essential for moving ship over short or long distances, either due to mechanical failures of the vessel or to relocate it. Towing is especially critical in rescue operations. The study involves a chemical tanker detailed strength check at mooring (at pier) and towing (on relocation) cases. In both cases the worst scenario was taken into consideration.
Ludwig von Mises’s Outstanding Position in Economic Research
Authors: Burr Wolfgang
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the main publications of Ludwig von Mises in terms of research topics, results, and methodology. This makes it possible to see in which substantive positions he deviated from the mainstream of the economic discipline. A short description of his remarkable achievements in the academic discipline of economics and related research fields is the basis to explore and better understand Mises’s professional position in economics and the social sciences. Based on these results, Mises’s extraordinary position in the field of economics will become clear. Contrary to often quoted statements in the economic literature, it will become clear that Mises’s position was unique but not isolated.
Digital marketing in service organizations in the San Martín Texmelucan Puebla region
Authors: Irigoyen-Arroyo Luis Ernesto , Soto-Rivas Soledad , Hernández-Hernández María Elena
Published: December 2024

MSMEs represent more than 90% of all companies in Mexico, which is why it is important to contribute to their maintenance, as they generate sources of employment and contribute to the development of society. The region under study is highly commercial and there is high mortality of MSMEs, through this work we seek to help them maintain themselves by being known by the target market.
Augmented reality in education: Transforming learning through technology
Authors: Cruz-Loera Maria De La Luz , Montecillo-Puente Francisco-Javier , Lara-Rivera Agustín
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital information nto the real world, enriching users' interaction with their physical environment. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), AR enhances the physical world with interactive content, offering a valuable tool for education by boosting learning and information retention. This study examines AR's application in English language learning, specifically using Unity, a cross-platform game engine, and Vuforia, an AR development platform, to create an interactive educational tool. Traditional methods like lectures and textbooks often fail to engage students, reducing motivation and knowledge retention. AR, through its multisensory approach, captures students' attention and deepens their understanding of concepts. The findings demonstrate AR’s transformative potential in language learning by making it immersive and interactive. This project illustrates how AR technology can overcome challenges in traditional education, providing an innovative way to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.
Estado de salud del ciervo colorado (Cervus elaphus) y jabalí (Sus scrofa): descripción de las principales enfermedades y lesiones y su influencia en la salud de la fauna autóctona del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi y alrededores
Authors:   , Chang Reissig Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

El objetivo general del presente estudio fue la evaluación del estado de salud del ciervo colorado y del jabalí en vida libre, para establecer qué enfermedades están presentes y su posible influencia para la salud de la fauna silvestre autóctona dentro y en los alrededores del Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi. Los objetivos específicos fueron: - Diagnosticar las enfermedades del ciervo colorado y jabalí en el Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi y alrededores a través de estudios anatomopatológicos, serológicos y parasitológicos. - Analizar muestras de tejido de ciervo colorado y jabalí por histopatología y describir los principales hallazgos anatomopatológicos. - Analizar muestras de tejido normal y con lesiones de ciervo colorado y jabalí utilizando la técnica de lectinhistoquímica de aplicación en ungulados domésticos (bovino, ovino, caprino y porcino).
O PAPEL DO FARMACÊUTICO EM COMBATE AO USO IRRACIONAL DE ANTIBIÓTICOS: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Júnior Martins de Sousa Heleno , Maria de Figueiredo Rolim Jacinta , Rhevia Lacerda Pontes Anuska , Islene Holanda Moreira Coelho Carla , Alves de Freitas Filho João , Afro de Carvalho Rodrigues Noany
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O uso irracional de automedicação com antibióticos tem se tornando um dos agravantes à saúde pública, podendo causar como consequência efeitos indesejáveis, enfermidades iatrogênicas e mascaramento de doenças evolutivas por isso é pauta pertinente no que diz respeito ao seu combate. Objetivo: Descrever o papel do farmacêutico frente ao uso irracional de medicamentos. E como objetivos específicos: analisar os fatores que contribuem para este uso inadequado; abordar sobre a origem dos antibióticos e seus mecanismos de ação; ressaltar o papel do farmacêutico no combate ao uso irracional destes medicamentos. Método: A pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, a partir de concepções de teorias que discorrem sobre a temática, concretizando as conclusões de diversos estudos sobre o papel do profissional farmacêutico mediante o uso irracional dos antibióticos. O estudo classificou-se como qualitativo, pois apresenta metodologia que visa um aprofundamento do conhecimento sobre o assunto, além da busca por contribuições que complementem a literatura relacionada ao tema. Resultados: Constatamos que o profissional farmacêutico deve assumir seu papel e deve executar ações juntamente com as equipes de saúde, citando o uso e escolha de um antibiótico de espectro estreito, pois de acordo com o seu conhecimento sobre a etiologia da infecção, será possível alcançar melhores condições de tratamento. Além disto, os aspectos relacionados ao papel dos profissionais farmacêuticos demonstram que estes, por sua vez, precisam agir na prevenção e controle da resistência bacteriana, assim, os resultados apontam para uma importância de implementação de programas de uso racional de antimicrobianos e a educação contínua de pacientes sobre o uso adequado desses medicamentos. Conclusão: Portanto, é indispensável para o farmacêutico conscientizar à população da periculosidade dos riscos da automedicação. Alertando sobre esta ação ter como resultado grandes causadores de problemas futuros de saúde, além de prestar assistência farmacêutica através de ações de educação continuada, oferecendo informações sobre o modo de uso dos antimicrobianos.

Palavras- chave: Antibióticos. Farmacêutico. Uso irracional.
Mechanisms of the reprotoxic effect of lead: A literature review
Authors: Minigalieva Ilzira A. , Nikogosyan Karen M. , Sutunkova Marina P. , Bateneva Vlada A. , Dmitry A. Dubrovin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The demographic situation in the Russian Federation over the past decades is noted for a low birth rate. According to the State Report by the Federal Service for Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), in 2023, 75.4 million Russian people experienced combined exposure to multiple chemicals. Chemical exposure, particularly that to lead as an occupational and environmental risk factor, has a significant impact on the human reproductive system, starting from childhood.
Objective: To search, summarize, and systematize published data on adverse effects of lead on the reproductive system as a basis for further development of therapeutic and preventive measures.
Materials and methods: The sources for the bibliography search were the PubMed search engine, the Scopus abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed scientific literature, the eLibrary and CyberLeninka Russian electronic scientific libraries. The search was conducted among Russian and English-language publications issued in 2004–2024. Of over 500 articles screened, 36 full-text publications describing the results of epidemiological studies of lead exposure and its adverse effects on the reproductive system of laboratory animals and/or humans were selected for this review, of which 23 articles were published within the past 5 years.
Results: The most frequent effects observed in a large number of studies assessing reproductive toxicity of lead include a change in the weight of the reproductive organs, disruption of their histological structure, cytotoxic effects on spermatozoa, their motility, viability, and integrity, the presence of abnormalities, as well as changes in the level of hormones in tissues and blood serum, activity and amount of enzymes associated with the reproductive system. The effect of lead on the reproductive system is inevitably accompanied by a change in the expression of genes responsible for regulation of inflammatory processes, activation or inhibition of apoptosis, antioxidant protection, regulation of the function of enzyme systems and hormonal changes.
Conclusion: Further study of lead effects on the reproductive system will help reveal mechanisms of toxicity, which can subsequently be considered “critical points” for preventive health and therapeutic measures to be focused on.
Preventive and Rejuvenative Eye Care: An Ayurvedic Perspective
Authors: Miri Dr. Nandini , Sharma Dr. Aparna
Published: December 2024

There are five sense organs i.e. eye, ear, nose,
tongue and skin. Among these sense organs,
Ayurveda gives prime importance to eyes. It says
“SarvendriyaanamNayanamPradhanam.Shalakya
Tantra is an important branch of Ayurveda dealing
with the diseases situated above clavicle, including
the disorders of eye, ear, nose, throat, dental, head
and neck. The importance of vision has been
explained in Samhitas - A person who desires for a
long life must take care of his eyes throughout life
as for a blind man there is no difference between
day and night henceforth even though he has
wealth, Modern lifestyles and environmental
changes significantly impacts eye health.
Thefactors such as the use of electronic gadgets,
smoking, alcohol consumption, workplace
environment, and pollution contribute to various
eye-related problems. In our fast-paced and
technologically advanced world, we often neglect
the health of our most precious organ-Eye.
Ayurveda is a philosophy of life with holistic
approach which plays an important role in
prevention of diseases. Ayurvedic classics explain
various eye protection measures, including
dinacharya, ritucharya, sadvritta, yoga, kriyakalpa,
rasayana and pathyapathya. Major Ayurvedic
promotive measures and perceptions regarding
maintenance of eye health and prevention of eye
disorders are explored in this article. The aim of
this review is to spread the awareness of simple
visual health promotive and rejuvenative
procedures in Ayurveda
Ayurvedic Measures to Manage Sthaulya
Authors: Aware Dr. Milind , Pawar Dr. Aishwarya
Published: December 2024

Obesity is a significant burden on
global healthcare , among non communicable
diseases. It is major global issues and emerging
health problem in developing countries such as
India. Body as well as mind might get affected by
Obesity. Keeping this mind W.H.O. coined new
term to this global epidemic has „Globesity‟1
.In
Ayurveda, Sthaulya belong to Santarpanjanya
Vyadhi2
and described by many Acharyas. Sthaulya
Roga of Ayurveda comes under the heading of
Medaroga which results due to dysfunction of Meda
dhatvagni (factor responsible for nourishment/
metabolism of Meda dhatu) and is
considered as metabolic disorder. Further, its
description is available in Ashtaunindita Purusha
Adhyaya of Charak Samhita (chapter dedicated to 8
types of undesirable physiques where obese are
criticized by society because of inappropriate body
size). In Ayurvedic text many drugs , medicinal
preparations, Pathya-Apathya, Yogasana, and
Dincharyaare described which have significant
result in prevention and cure of this global issue. An
effort has been made to understand obesity through
Ayurvedic prospective and to find out the likely
solutions of obesity through Ayurveda. This paper is
an effort to understand Nidan(aetiology), its sign
and symptoms, preventive methods like
NidanParivarjan, therapeutic management along
with medicine, Pathya-Apathya, nonpharmacological methods like exercise and yogic
A Critical Appraisal of Traditional Treatment Modalities and Their Therapeutic Implications of Lootavisha
Authors: Jannu Dr. Namrata , Joglekar Dr. Priyadarshan
Published: December 2024

Lootavisha, a type of poisoning primarily caused
by various types of spiders, is recognized in
Ayurveda as a significant health threat, requiring
specialized treatment to mitigate its toxic effects.
This critical review delves into the traditional
Ayurvedic approaches for managing Lootavisha,
highlighting various therapeutic interventions such
as Agad Yoga, Anjan, Nasya, Vamana, Virechana,
Raktamokshana, and Parisechana. Agad Yoga
formulations, consisting of herbal and mineral
ingredients, are primarily used for detoxification
and neutralization of the poison. Anjan (eye
application) and Nasya (nasal therapy) aim to clear
toxins from the head and sense organs, while
Vamana (therapeutic emesis) and Virechana
(therapeutic purgation) help eliminate toxins from
the gastrointestinal system. Raktamokshana
(bloodletting) is employed to expel impure blood,
reducing systemic toxicity, while Parisechana
involves the external pouring of medicated liquids
to cool and detoxify the body locally. These
interventions are designed to restore dosha balance
and support the body’s natural detoxification
processes. Through a systematic examination of
classical Ayurvedic texts and contemporary
research, this review provides a comprehensive
understanding of Lootavisha treatment,
demonstrating Ayurveda’s holistic and
multifaceted approach to managing poisoning.
A Comprehensive Study on Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Arya M Arya M , Riya Fathima , Fathima K Ishara , Siyad MT Mohammed , Jazi Jazi , Lubna TP Lubna TP , Sirajudheen MK Sirajudheen MK
Published: December 2024

The research into the properties of nanoscale
particles (1-100 nm) in nanotechnology is
transforming a number of fields, including
healthcare and medicine. The application of
nanoparticles in molecular biology, chemistry, and
material science is being fueled by their special
qualities, such as a high surface-to-volume ratio
and their ability to interact with biological
mechanisms. The synthesis, evaluation and
applications of important metal nanoparticles: gold,
silver, copper, zinc oxide, and iron are examined in
this review, with a focus on the many applications
and unique features of these materials.
Because of their simple process of
functionalization, gold nanoparticles are used in
imaging and drug delivery applications. Chemical
reduction, physical methods like laser ablation, and
biological methods using plant extracts can all be
used to generate them. Medical devices and wound
dressings can benefit from the remarkable
antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal
characteristics of silver nanoparticles. Chemical
reduction and microbiological procedures are used
in their synthesis, and assays for antifungal activity
and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are
applied in their evaluation.While being oxidationprone, copper nanoparticles are used in several uses
and are recognized for their mechanical and
thermal qualities. They utilise physical
technologies such as laser ablation and plant
extracts for green synthesis. Drug delivery uses
zinc oxide nanoparticleswhose production can be
achieved by a number of approaches, such as
physical vapor synthesis and mechanochemical
processing. Green synthesis methods have grown
more and more popular due to their ecofriendliness and iron nanoparticles have significant
potential for both medical and environmental
protection.
Comprehensive Review on Post Partum Depression
Authors: Ahasana k.k Ahasana k.k , Asmas Fathima , Thasneem P.K Sinu , Saina P.P Asheeqa , Ayyoob M Fathima , Ms.Anjali C.S Ms.Anjali C.S , George Dr.Shaji , Dr.Sirajudheen M.K Dr.Sirajudheen M.K
Published: December 2024

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread and
severely incapacitating mental illness that affects a
large number of women globally. The complicated
impacts of PPD on mothers and babies are the
subject of this review paper, which focuses on
maternal care. Women are more susceptible to the
start of PPD during the crucial phase of
transitioning to motherhood, which is marked by a
number of physical, psychological, and social
changes. As a result, PPD may considerably impair
a mother's capacity to give her child the best care
possible, which may have unfavorable effects on
both of them. The paper summarizes the body of
research that has already been done on the subject
and includes studies from a variety of fields,
including as psychiatry, psychology, obstetrics, and
pediatrics. It starts out by giving a general
summary of the risk factors and prevalence of PPD
and highlighting the significance of early detection
and intervention.The impact of PPD on maternal
caregiving behaviours, such as bonding, sensitivity,
and responsiveness, is then examined, highlighting
the potential disruptions in the mother-infant
relationship. Furthermore, the article delves into the
potential consequences of impaired maternal care
on infant development, including emotional,
cognitive, and social domains. Several factors
contributing to the complex interplay between PPD
and maternal care are discussed, including
hormonal changes, psychosocial stressors, and the
influence of social support networks. The review
also addresses the bidirectional nature of the
mother-infant relationship, whereby infant
characteristics and behaviours can exacerbate or
mitigate the effects of PPD on maternal care.
Antioxidants and Idiopathic Male Infertility: Their Impact on Sperm Quality Parameters and Pregnancy Rates
Authors: Dr. Lokesh. K Dr. Lokesh. K , Purushothaman Dr. Borus , Agwina Xavier Dr. Yashmi , Veerammal Veerammal , Sharma Dr. Suman
Published: December 2024

The effect of antioxidants on sperm quality
parameters and pregnancy rates in idiopathic male
infertility has been a subject of interest in recent
reproductive medicine research. Idiopathic male
infertility refers to cases where the cause of
infertility is unknown despite standard
investigations. Oxidative stress has been identified
as a potential contributing factor to male infertility.
It happens when the body's levels of antioxidants
and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are out of
equilibrium. Elevated ROS levels can damage
sperm by affecting their DNA, membranes, and
motility, ultimately compromising fertility. Since
antioxidants neutralize ROS, they have been
proposed as a treatment to improve sperm function
in cases of idiopathic infertility.
Dıfferent Formulatıon Of Curry Leaves For Dıfferent Purpose
Authors: Sharma Miss Sheeta , Sharma Mr Ashish , Thakur Mr Shubham
Published: December 2024

: Synonym in our language is Gandala
leaves ,but synonymes are different from different
locations.The curry leaves having botenical name is
MURRAYA KOENIGII and belongs to the family
RUTACEAE.The Gandala Leaves are a rich source
of Vitamin A,Vitamin B , Vitamin C ,and Vitamin
E AND also contain a large amount of calicum
,phosphorous ,and iron.The main activity of this
plant based on the leaves .The leaves are collected
,dried and then compare the extraction by different
methods .The main aim and objective of this
research is extraction by different methods and
compare the extract sample of its purity ,solubility
,and stability of the product .Mainly the
Hydrodistillation gives a clear liquid by this
extraction and also the other methods are included
like Soxhlet exteaction ,Maceration Method
,Decoation Method ,Infusion Method .The Soxhlet
Extraction is based on a hydroalcholic extraction
and adding a solvent as a mixture of water and
alcohol that extracts out the chlorophyll in the
sample . The herbal powder of curry leaves are
very beneficial digestive purpose as well as kidney
disorder .The cream formulation used for
urticaria(skin rashes).The oil extraction formulation
is used for the hair growth as well as new hair
formation .Those leaves having different health
benefits like digestion,diabetes controller ,lower
chloestrol level,anti inflammatory.
Addressing the Issue of Adulteration
Authors: M.S Megha M.S Megha , J.Robin Thomson , S.Sooraj S.Sooraj
Published: December 2024

Ayurveda is an ancient science with a vast body of
knowledge. Today, there is a growing global
interest in Ayurvedic medicines due to their safety
and effectiveness. Approximately 80% of the rural
population relies on Ayurvedic treatments, making
the proper standardization of Ayurvedic drugs
essential. However, adulteration has become a
significant concern. Adulteration involves the
debasement of a product, where a substance mimics
the appearance of a genuine drug but lacks its
properties. Various types of adulteration exist,
necessitating effective solutions. Physicians should
identify and report adulterants to the relevant
authorities. Several methods are available for
detecting adulterants, and conducting these tests is
crucial for ensuring the authenticity of Ayurvedic
drugs. Addressing adulteration is key to preventing
the distribution of counterfeit drugs and
maintaining the availability of genuine products in
the market. Adulteration is generally considered an
intentional malpractice. By rectifying adulteration
practices, we can enhance the effectiveness of
Ayurvedic medicines in treating diseases
Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Maranta arundiancea Linn. Rhizome on Leydig Tm3 Cells in Vitro
Authors: Rajan Raji , Jayachandran T.P Jayachandran T.P , Raju Aswathi , Gopika T.D Gopika T.D
Published: December 2024

Arrow root (Maranta arundinaceae L.) is
an important underutilized tuber vegetable in the
marantaceae family is grown in the West Indies,
Southeast Asia, Australia, South and East Africa.
The medicinal value of plants lies in some
chemically active substances that produce a definite
physiological action on the human body. The most
important of these chemical constituents of plants
are: alkaloids, tannins, flavonoid and phenolic
compounds. This plant has a perennial rhizome,
ginger-like leaves and for its edible rhizomes which
yields an easily digested edible starch. The purpose
of the study was to determine the protective
activity of ethanolic extract of Maranta
arundianacea L. rhizome extract on leydig
M.arundinacea rhizome ethanol extract was
obtained by maceration followed by phytochemical
studies. Free radical scavenging activity were
assessed using DPPH assay. The cells were
incubated with different concentration of extract of
Maranta arundinacea L. rhizome for 24hrs. Cell
viability was determined by using MTT assay,
respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the
presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids,
phenols , tannins, saponins , glycosides and
terpenoids. The ethanolic extract of Maranta
arundinacea L. possess antioxidant activity. And
also estimated the flavonoid and phenolic content
in the plant extract. The total phenolics content was
measured by the Folin–Ciocalteau assay. Total
flavonoid content was measured by Aluminium
Chloride method. Ethanol extract showed
considerable in vitro antioxidant and free radical
scavenging activities in a dose dependent manner
when compared to the standard antioxidant
(ascorbic acid). Thus, this study suggests that
Maranta arundinacea rhizome can be as a potent
source of natural antioxidant. TM3 Leydig cell line
(rat) is taken as the cytotoxicity evaluation in the
plant. The cytotoxic effect of the sample (EEMA)
against TM3 cells was analysed using the MTT
assay. The results indicated that the sample, within
the given concentration range, was non- toxic to the
TM3 cell line.
Prevalence of Community Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Ca-Mrsa) In The Nasal Cavity of Delta State University Students.
Authors: Chukwuka Amaihunwa Kingsley , Chukwuka Apah Gabriel , Eyemisan Onyibe Ijeoma , Binichukwu Onyolu Samuel , Oghenemaro. Enwa Felix
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is
a Gram positive, opportunistic bacterium that
frequently colonizes the oral cavity, nasal cavity,
and skin of the healthy people. This can cause a
variety of localized and invasive problems ranging
from superficial skin infections to life threatening
Pneumonia and bloodstream infections
OBJECTIVE: The study is aimed at investigating
the prevalence of community acquired methicillin
resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal cavity
of Delta State University students
METHOD:100 nasal swabs(samples) were
collected from the anterior nares of both male and
female students of DELSU using Sterile swab
sticks and was cultured on mannitol salt Agar
.After culturing on mannitol salt Agar, all the
Staphylococcus aureus specie were
isolated.Standard identification test was carried out
by performing Gram staining test and other
biochemical test like coagulase test, Catalase test
and Fermentation test were further used to
determine the identity of the organism. Antibiotic
susceptibility test was carried out for
Staphylococcus aureus using the Agar well
diffusion method.The zone of inhibition in
millimeters was measured with a meter rule. Theaverage readings were taken to be the zone of
inhibition and were compared with KirbyBauer
Standard for Staphylococcus aureus. zones of
inhibitions within the range(≤10)were used to
determine the Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus
aureus(MRSA).
RESULT: Out of the 100 samples collected and
cultured on the mannitol salt agar, 93 were staph
species why 33(35.5%) were found to be
Staphylococcus aureus why the remaining
60(64.5%) were other specie of Staphylococcus
aureus .Only the staph aureus specie were worked
on and out of the 33(35.5%) Staphylococcus
aureus, 23(69.7%) of the Staphylococcus aureus
were found to be methicillin resistant why
10(30.3%) were found to be sensitive to Oxacillin
disk which was used as a reference to methicillin
antibiotics because its closely related to methicillin.
CONCLUSION: The result from this study shows
increased Staphylococcus aureusresistance to
methicillin(Oxacillin),therefore community
acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus
aureus is prevalent in the nasal cavity of DELSU
Students and therefore suggest that more work has
to be done as an individual and even in the clinical
setting and in the community to curtail the spread
of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Exploring herbal Shampoos: Formulation Techniques, Ingredients, Mechanism action and Prospective Development
Authors: Kumar Dr. Rishi , Gupta Nancy
Published: December 2024

The growing demand for natural and
eco-friendly personal care products has led to a
resurgence in the formulation of herbal shampoos.
This review explores the techniques for developing
herbal shampoo formulations, focusing on key
ingredients, their mechanisms of action, and future
development prospects. Key herbal ingredients
such as aloe vera, neem, and tea tree oil are
highlighted for their beneficial properties, including
antimicrobial effects and moisturizing capabilities.
Formulation techniques, including extraction
methods and emulsification processes, are
discussed to enhance ingredient efficacy and
stability. Moreover, advancements in
biotechnology and sustainability practices are
paving the way for innovative product
development. Future research should emphasize
synergistic formulations and consumer safety to
meet the evolving market demands.
Ricinus Communis Significant role in Skin Disorders
Authors: Bhushan Dr. Ravi , Dheeraj Sharma Vaidhshiromani , Kumar Mishra Dr. Rajesh , Dr. M. K. Yadav Dr. M. K. Yadav , Marde Dr. Ramakant , Kabdwal Dr. Babita , Dr. G.V. Karunakar Dr. G.V. Karunakar , Goswami Dr. Ashish
Published: December 2024

Ayurveda is the only safe medical science in the
world which plays a vital role in improving the
health level of people. Many plants have been
mentioned in an ayurveda which work directly on
the disease and provide relief to the patient That
disease very soon. Similarly , In ayurveda medical
science Ricinus communis or castor plant have
been described as the best medicine for skin
disorder. Ricinus communis or castor plant have
many properties and it works on disease according
to Its active principle and it quickly gives relief to
the patient from skin disorder. The medicinal
properties present in the castor plant play an
important role in destroying all types of infection
such as bacterial , fungal and viral. It cures the
cause of skin disease and also generate the healing
power of the skin due to Its medicinal properties.
Ricinus communis or castor plant is beneficial in
all skin disorders.