bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Ziswaf Dunia
Authors: Setyani Octavia , Mushafi Maulati , Ghofur Abdul , Rahmadani Peni
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan tentang pengelolaan ziswaf internasional. Metodepenelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka berupa data sekunder pada artikel jurnal, buku, dan literatur lain sesuai topik yang sedang dibahas. Secara umum pengelolaan zakat pada masyarakat muslim dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua kategori. Pertama, sistem pembayaran wajib dimana sistem pengelolaannya dikelola oleh negara. Kedua, sistem pembayaran sukarela, dimana kewenangan pengelolaan zakat bergantung pada tangan pemerintah atau bahkan masyarakat sipil.
Self-Medication for Oral Health Problems in COVID-19 Outbreak: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Alavi Namvar Mahsa , Mansori Kamyar , Gerayeli Mahsa
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate self-medication in the COVID-19 outbreak among patients attending the dental clinic of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. The total number of patients who took part in this research was 306, and they were questioned using a 28-item questionnaire after signing a permission form. SPSS26 was used to gather and analyze the data. There were 196 women and 110 males among the patients.The results showed that the prevalence of self-medication was 53.9%, and a lower educational level was associated with self-medication. The most common problem for self-medicating was toothache, and the most frequent drug was Ibuprofen. The majority of the participants reported that their relatives/friends suggested the drugs to them. The main source of obtaining the drugs was pharmacies. The major reasons for self-medication were the high cost of dental treatments and fear of COVID-19.
Polycystic ovary syndrome and functional hyperprolactinemia
Authors:   Zhytomyr Medical Institute, Zabolotnov V.A. , Shatilo V.I. ,   Zhytomyr Medical Institute, Khvatova O.A. ,   Zhytomyr Medical Institute, Szegedina Y.P. ,   Zhytomyr Medical Institute
Published: April 2022

In 30–50% of women with PCOS, functional hyperprolactinemia is detected. In assisting women with PCOS and functional hyperherolactinemia, an integrated approach is required, both in diagnosis and treatment. The use of Mastodinon®, Cyclodinon® preparations containing the exact dosing amount of Vitex agnus-castus in women with PCOS and functional hyperheprolactinemia positively affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and corrects the main clinical symptoms, prevents the occurrence of hyperplastic processes in the genitals, and increases fertility. Key words: polycystic ovary syndrome, functional hyperprolactinemia, Vitex agnus-castus, Mastodynon®, Cyclodynon®.
Hyperhomocysteinemia as the main predictor of the occurrence of antenatal fetal death
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hychka N.M. , Kotenok A.S. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

This article presents the main markers of prediction of antenatal fetal death, their pathogenetic justification and possible complications of pregnancy with hyperhomocysteinemia. The objective: search for prognostic markers and criteria for the occurrence of antenatal fetal death to optimize the course of pregnancy and childbirth with the elimination of negative perinatal outcomes in high-risk groups for the development of antenatal fetal death. Materials and methods. From 2013 to 2018, we provided a comprehensive survey of 244 pregnant women was carried out, which, depending on the characteristics of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, was divided into groups. The control group included 151 pregnant women with uncomplicated gestational periods, without the presence of extragenital pathology of complications during pregnancy. The main group included 93 patients with a complicated pregnancy, in which violations of the fetal-placental relationship were found, and high homocysteine values. Results. There was an increase in the prothrombin index and the content of RFMC, which poses a risk of thrombosis and the development of chronic DIC in women at high risk for antenatal death. One of the most frequent pregnancy complications in the main groups was preterm delivery. Conclusions. The direct dependence of the influence of disorders of the hemostasis system on the course of pregnancy and tactics of delivery in women from the group of high risk of antenatal fetal death has been established. The fact that the course of pregnancy on the background of hyperhomocysteinemia is proved to be complicated by the occurrence of late gestosis and chronic placental dysfunction on the background of exacerbation of extragenital pathology. Key words: predictors, antenatal fetal death, hyperhomocysteinemia, fetal distress.
Intrauterine growth retardation/fetus small for gestational age: diagnostic criteria and management algorithm
Authors:   Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kiev, Zhuk S.I. , Pehno N.V. ,   Kyiv City Maternity Hospital No. 2, Nochvina O.A. ,   Mother and Child Center, Vinnytsia
Published: April 2022

The article presents data on the informative value of instrumental research methods in the management of patients with IUGRP/MGHP, in particular, a dopplerometric examination of the blood flow of the uteroplacental-fetal complex, together with a cardiotocographic study by the Dose–Redman method. The diagnostic value of blood flow indicators in the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and venous duct, depending on the term of pregnancy, is analyzed. Thus, observation of a fetus with IUGR diagnosed in early terms of pregnancy up to 32 weeks should include dopplerometry of the venous duct, since the highly resistant blood flow in it (IP> 95%) characterizes the initial changes in the fetus, while zero or reverse blood flow in this a vessel indicates the presence of acidosis and the risk of fetal death. Critical of pregnancy management with a late type of IUGR is the appearance of abnormal blood flow in the middle cerebral artery (SMA). At the same time, a decrease in resistance in SMA (IP <5%) with IUGR diagnosed in later terms increases the risk of adverse perinatal consequences and the need for caesarean section, and a decrease in cerebroplacental ratio worsens perinatal consequences. CTG with IUGR must be carried out as part of antenatal care to monitor fetal condition in combination with dopplerometry of the uteroplacental-fetal complex. The developed and implemented scientifically based pregnancy management algorithm allows monitoring the course of the gestational period, predicting the pathological condition of the fetus with timely consideration of the issue of early delivery. The widespread introduction of this algorithm will significantly reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality and improve the quality of obstetric care. Key words: intrauterine growth retardation, fetus small for gestational age, antenatal fetal monitoring.
Clinical aspects of associated candidosis-herpetic vulvovaginitis
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shcherba О.A. , Lastovetskaya L.D. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Polovynka V.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,, Shako V.A. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

Inflammatory processes of the female genital organs account for 55-70% of cases in the structure of all gynecological diseases, of which 40-50% are vaginal infections. Despite a significant amount of scientific research and the latest antibacterial agents, the incidence of inflammatory diseases does not tend to decrease. Candidiasis and herpes are one of the most widespread infections of the person with the chronic nature of a current and a long persistence of the agent. It is important to consider psychological consequences of infection. The objective: of the study was to study the features of a clinical current and also psychoemotional state of women with a chronically candidiasis-herpetic vulvovaginitis. Materials and methods. A total of 138 women with the associated candida-herpetic infection of a vagina (the main group) and 20 gynecologic healthy women (control group). Everything surveyed carried out all-clinical, cytological, mycological and virological researches . The psychoemotional state is studied according to the method by L.I. Wasserman’s. Results. At all examined women clinical manifestations of the vulvovaginitis of the mixed etiology were observed. 92.4% of patients had long and heavy discharges’ from a vagina. Results of virological and mycological researches correlated with a frequency of a recurrence of a disease and weight of their clinical manifestations. The research of psychological state showed that most of women with a mixed-infection (76.6%) had an increased level of psycho-emotional pressure in comparison with women of control group. Conclusions. It was established that women at the age of 20-30 years (67.4%) are at risk of having a candidiasis-herpetic infection. In most patients, the elements of the lesion occupy several anatomical areas. In patients with candidiasis- herpetic infection of the vagina, immunological dysfunction has been established at the level of the humoral link. Particularities attention should be paid to the relationship of psycho-emotional state and state of somatic health. Key words: associated infection, vulvovaginitis, candidiasis, genital herpes, psycho-emotional state.
Results of diagnostic value the qualitative test of cyclooxygenase-2 in tumors of the external genital organs in women
Authors:   The National Cancer Institute Ministry of health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Samokhvalova O.O.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of diagnostic value the qualitative test of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in tumors of the external genital organs in women. The objective: to evaluate the expression of the molecular marker COX-2 depending on the clinical, topographic, histological and morphological features of tumors of the external genital organs. Materials and methods. A prospective follow-up of 131 women with external genital tumors was conducted. In all clinical cases, a qualitative COX-2 test was performed. Results. When determining the diagnostic value of a qualitative COX-2 test for FIGO clinical staging, the «chances» (OR) of detecting COX-2 positive in patients increased at stages III (OR – 2.41) and IV (OR – 3.88). During TNM-staging, the reliable value of the qualitative analysis of COX-2 was verified at the T3 stage (78.6%), T4 stage (100.0%), as well as in the presence of Tx (100.0%). In the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes, the number of COX-2-positive clinical cases, depending on the degree of damage to the lymph nodes, increased to 44.4% with N1 (an increase of 1.92 times) compared with 29.3% with N0, reaching 50, 0% at N2 (the probability of metastasis increased by 2.41 times). It was proved that in the absence of distant metastases (M0), the proportion of COX-2-positive cases was 33.1%, and in the presence of (M1) it was 50.0%. The «chances» of distant metastases increased from 1.97 at M0 to 4.0 at M1. Reliable diagnostic value of a qualitative COX-2 test from the degree of differentiation of primary tumors of the external genital organs was established: in the presence of a high degree of differentiation, the detection rate reached 24.5% (OR – 1.0), with a moderate degree – 35.4% (OR – 1.68), in the presence of a low degree of differentiation – 44.0% (OR – 2.60), with undifferentiated tumors – 100.0% (OR – 10.0). When assessing the morphological features of the tumor, the diagnostic informativeness of the qualitative test was confirmed in the presence of undifferentiated cancer in 100.0% of cases (OR – 5.0), adenocarcinomas – in 60.0% of cases (OR – 2.83), malignant melanoma – 40, 0% of cases (OR – 1.25), as well as squamous keratinizing – 32.0% (OR – 1.0) and squamous non-keratinizing cancer – 36.0% (OR – 1.07). Conclusion. For the assessment of localization of the primary tumor, the greatest diagnostic value of the qualitative test was established for total lesion (100.0%, OR-2.0), labia majora pudendi (40.0%, OR-1.29) and vulva (34, 1%, OR – 1.0). Key words: cyclooxygenase-2, qualitative test, diagnostic value, tumors of external genital organs, women.
The role of whey protein in myogenic differentiation
Authors: Xu Rui , Xiao Yuejuan , Zhang Ying , Zhao Xiyan
Published: April 2022

Whey protein has been shown to prevent exercise-induced protein degradation and muscle damage. We hypothesized that whey protein would regulate muscle cell differentiation. Adding various concentrations of whey protein to C2C12 myoblasts induced cell differentiation and MyoD (myogenic differentiation protein) expression as well as the phosphorylation of AKT (protein kinase B). Whey protein-induced differentiation-specific markers increased the enzymatic activities of creatine kinase and citrate synthase and the expression of muscle-specific microRNA. Whey protein elevated AKT phosphorylation on Thr308 and Ser473, which was inhibited by LY294002 (a non-selective phosphoinositide 3-kinases inhibitor), suggesting that whey protein acts via PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase). Blocking of the PI3K/AKT pathway with specific inhibitors revealed its requirement in mediating the promotive effects of whey protein on C2C12 cell differentiation. These effects of whey protein on myoblast differentiation suggest its positive influence in preventing muscle atrophy.
Massive Malignant Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma of the Kidney
Authors: Tessone Isaac M. , Lichtbroun Benjamin , Srivastava Arnav , Tabakin Alexandra L. , Polotti Charles F. , Groisberg Roman , Sadimin Evita , Singer Eric A. , Grandhi Miral S.
Published: April 2022

Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are a subset of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComas) that are associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Epithelioid angiomyolipomas (EAMLs) are a rare variant of AML with more aggressive propensities. EAMLs with malignant potential can be difficult to distinguish from relatively benign AMLs and other renal tumors. Although there are no established criteria for predicting EAML malignancy, there are proposed histologic parameters that are associated with higher tumor risk. EAML can be treated with surgical resection as well as mTOR inhibitors. Here, we present a unique case of a patient with a 36-cm renal EAML metastatic to the lungs that was treated with complete surgical resection of the primary lesion and mTOR inhibition.
Means of the future engineers-teachers’ professional competence formation: pedagogical and psychological conditions
Authors: Zinchenko Viktoriia , Udovichenko Hanna
Published: April 2022

The article considers the psychological and pedagogical conditions of the future engineers-teachers’ professional competence formation, pedagogical creativity as a component of pedagogical skills, as well as features of working with talented and gifted students as an important factor in effective professional development.
The psychological and pedagogical principles of linguistic activity of able and gifted students were studied. Scientific approaches to understanding of “ability” and “dedication” and their influence on language activity of non-philological specialties students are defined. The psychological and pedagogical principles of organization of interaction of the teacher and students were formulated.
Pedagogical psychology investigates the processes of development of students’ thinking, attention and memory, ability to perceive language facts and phenomena in their dialectical unity. For gifted students there are high enough development of thinking, long-term memorization of educational material, high efficiency, developed self-control skills in educational activity, ability to give doubt and scientific thinking certain stereotypes. They are distinguished by an increased propensity to mental activity, originality, the formation of different kinds of memory, respect, assembly, speed of reaction, richness of imagination.
For effective work with gifted students teachers have to know their psychological and pedagogical peculiarities and specifics of their learning, to be recognized with the concept of diligence, to understand the content of understanding “ability”, “dedication”, “talent”, types of diligence. It is important in the teaching of the future profession, that students are aware of their own activities, both theoretical and practical. The development of professional competence is the development of creative individuality, the formation of readiness to accept the new, the development of receptivity to pedagogical innovations
Content, forms and methods of building the environmental competence of education recipients on the basis of axiology
Authors: Tolochko Svitlana , Bordіug Nataliia , Les Tetyana
Published: April 2022

The article contains the results of scientific research on the process of building ecological competence of schoolchildren on the basis of axiology. The analysis of the integrated educational process in general secondary and out-of-school education institutions through their transversal ecologization has been carried out. A number of social reasons that determine the urgency of these issues has been characterized. The definition of the term "environmental competence of students" has been defined as awareness of the ecological foundations of nature management, the need to protect nature, compliance with the rules of behavior in nature, economical use of natural resources, understanding of the context and relationship of economic activity and the importance of nature conservation to ensure the sustainable development of the society. The analysis of the legislative field on determining the axiological basis for building environmental competence of schoolchildren, particularly through the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Education" and the State Standard of Basic Secondary Education has been carried out. The formation of the concept of "value" in certain periods of development of educational process subjects has been studied. The axiological principles of building ecological competence of schoolchildren have been determined, the significance of upbringing as an integral part of the educational process has been revealed. The methodology of determining the content (environmental knowledge, skills, personal willpower), establishing forms (forms of general secondary education, forms of extracurricular education) and methods (organization and implementation of educational and cognitive activities, active learning, control and self-control, stimulating learning activities), building ecological competence of schoolchildren has been created. It has been proved, that the social effect of qualitative building of environmental competence of schoolchildren will be manifested in improving their nearest environment; upbringing conscious, ecologically competent citizens able to think critically and make competent decisions about the environment; actualizing socially significant functions of education; increasing social cohesion around environmental issues; promoting social formation of schoolchildren
DECOMP Report: Answers surgeons expect from an abdominal wall imaging exam
Authors: CLAUS CHRISTIANO MARLO PAGGI , CAVALIEIRI MARCIO , MALCHER FLÁVIO , TRIPPIA CARLOS , EIRAS-ARAUJO ANTONIO LUIS , PAULI ERIC , CAVAZZOLA LEANDRO TOTTI
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Abdominal wall (AW) hernias are a common problem faced by general surgeons. With an essentially clinical diagnosis, abdominal hernias have been considered a simple problem to be repaired. However, long-term follow-up of patients has shown disappointing results, both in terms of complications and recurrence. In this context, preoperative planning with control of comorbidities and full knowledge of the hernia and its anatomical relationships with the AW has gained increasing attention. Computed tomography (CT) appears to be the best option to determine the precise size and location of abdominal hernias, presence of rectus diastase and/or associated muscle atrophy, as well as the proportion of the hernia in relation to the AW itself. This information might help the surgeon to choose the best surgical technique (open vs MIS), positioning and fixation of the meshes, and eventual need for application of botulinum toxin, preoperative pneumoperitoneum or component separation techniques. Despite the relevance of the findings, they are rarely described in CT scans as radiologists are not used to report findings of the AW as well as to know what information is really needed. For these reasons, we gathered a group of surgeons and radiologists to establish which information about the AW is important in a CT. Finally, a structured report is proposed to facilitate the description of the findings and their interpretation.
Maize legume intercropping systems in southern Mexico: A review of benefits and challenges
Authors: Pierre Jacques Fils , Latournerie-Moreno Luis , Garruña-Hernández René , Jacobsen Krista L. , Guevara-Hernández Francisco , Laboski Carrie A. M. , Ruiz-Sánchez Esaú
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: Intercropping is the process of planting two or more crops simultaneously in the same field in order to provide greater ecosystem services (i.e. services related to sustainable land and water use, climate change mitigation, and ecosystem restoration). In southern Mexico, the cereal-legume intercropping is a traditional cropping practice that is declining overtime. This paper provides a literature review of the potential benefits and constraints of a maize-legume intercropping for small-scale farms in southern Mexico. This review explored and elucidated the different ecosystem services delivered by maize-legume intercropping systems. This information will help farmers know how to make a better use of cereal-legume intercropping systems to increase maize yields, improve their socioeconomic conditions, and enhance conservation agricultural practices in southern Mexico.
Anatomy and surgical approach to the humerus, radius and ulna of common sloth (Bradypus variegatus)
Authors: Martins Danielli Martinelli , Pinheiro Luane Lopes , Mesquita Ellen Yasmin Eguchi , Branco Erika , Lima Ana Rita de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: The surgical clinic of wild animals has increased in routine veterinary, where fractures by traumas are of frequent occurrence. This study determined the surgical accesses for osteosynthesis of the diaphyses of the humerus, radius and ulna of common sloth (Bradypus variegatus). Seven cadavers of B. variegatus were used for determination of the muscles of the thoracic limb, as well as the most important vessels and nerves, and better bone area for fixation of internal implants. The structural conformation of the radius and ulna in Bradypus variegatus were like those described in the literature for domestic animals but the humerus presented differences in the distal extremity because it was flattened. The musculature of Bradypus variegatus showed similarities with domestic animals. Due the different conformation of the humerus the surgical access to this bone can be performed by lateral approach, from the incision of M. triceps brachii lateral head, for fixation of the implant on the lateral side of the bone. Surgical access to the radius shaft can be performed by craniolateral approach, by incising the muscular fascia and separation of the cranially M. common digital extensor, and lateral digital extensor caudally. In ulna, a caudal access to the bone can be performed followed by release of the insertion m. flexor carpoulnar for placement of the internal implant on the lateral bone face.
Performance, meat quality, and lipidemia of meat-type quails fed with diets containing essential oils
Authors: Deminicis Renata Gomes da Silveira , Meneghetti Camila , Garcia Júnior Antônio Amândio Pinto , Cruz Cristiane Leal dos Santos , Deminicis Bruno Borges , Maciel Bianca Mendes
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of essential oil (ESOL) of Mentha piperita and Melaleuca alternifolia on meat-type quails. To examine performance, a completely randomized design was used, with four treatments and eight repetitions each, using seven birds per repetition. To assess lipidemia, a completely randomized design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme was used, with four treatments and two collection conditions using eight repetitions and one bird per repetition. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass yield, cholesterol, high-density lipoporteins, triglycerides, pH, and brightness of quail breast meat were assessed. The data were analyzed for homoscedasticity and normality, and the means were subjected to analysis of variance. Adding M. piperita and M. alternifolia ESOL to the diets of meat-type quails can improve performance, carcass yield, and meat quality characteristics, comparable to the use of performance-enhancing antibiotics. The use of zinc bacitracin, M. piperita, and M. alternifolia under different collection conditions did not increase the serum levels of low-density and very low-density lipoproteins. The variation coefficients measured after 12 hours of fasting were 86% lower than without fasting.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RESILIENCE IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES DURING THE SOCIAL DISTANCING PERIOD IMPOSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Lucena Jaciely Gondim Sidrônio de , Azevedo Thaysa Fernandes de , Matias Lucas David Maia , Nunes Waleska de Brito , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes , Andrade Lidiane Lima de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the association of socioeconomic and clinical data and behavioral habits with the resilience level in people with Diabetes Mellitus during social distancing in the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus disease. Method: a cross-sectional, analytical and exploratory study. The population consisted of users monitored in the Family Health Strategy, diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus, in the municipality of Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil. The sample consisted of 300 participants. The data were collected between November 2020 and February 2021 and operationalized through two forms: one containing socioeconomic and clinical aspects, as well as behavioral habits; and another that was part of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale for Brazil, consisting of 25 items divided into four factors, namely: tenacity, adaptability, tolerance, dependence on external support, and intuition. In the bivariate analysis, the Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were performed, and the prevalence ratio was calculated, along with the respective 95% confidence intervals. Finally, Poisson Regression with robust variance was applied. Results: the prevalence of having high resilience levels was 43% higher in people under 60 years old, 39% higher in Evangelicals, 36% higher in people who consumed alcoholic beverages and 29% higher in people who practiced some physical activity. Conclusion: an association was evidenced between socioeconomic/clinical data and behavioral habits and a high resilience level; such findings lead to the elaboration of inclusive actions during the pandemic, especially considering the emotional and social aspects, in order to suggest the creation of care strategies aimed at mental health.
Trabalho, carreira docente e Educação Especial: análise dos Planos de Cargos, Carreira e Remuneração dos estados da Região Norte do Brasil
Authors: Santos Marcia Maria dos , Barleta Ilma de Andrade
Published: April 2022

Resumo O estudo analisa a carreira docente, com ênfase nos professores da Educação Especial das redes estaduais de Ensino dos estados da região Norte do Brasil. Endentemos a carreira docente como um elemento da valorização do magistério e deve instigar a melhoria das condições adequadas de trabalho e de remuneração dos docentes. Metodologicamente, define-se e estrutura-se como pesquisa documental, analisando os Planos de Cargos, Carreira e Remuneração (PCCR) dos estados da região Norte. Constatou-se que os professores da Educação Especial contemplados nos referidos PCCR possuem as mesmas exigências de formação dos demais docentes da Educação Básica. Quanto às vantagens pecuniárias, o estudo constatou que dois estados da região Norte não preveem gratificação para docentes que atuam na Educação Especial, já os demais estados da região contemplam em seus respectivos PCCR vantagens adicionais aos docentes da modalidade Educação Especial.
Policies and practices of external evaluation of schools: spaces for teacher collaboration?
Authors: Seabra Filipa , Abelha Marta , Henriques Susana , Mouraz Ana
Published: April 2022

Abstract Teaching has traditionally been a solitary profession. However, both because of the growing awareness of the complexity of teaching and the emergence of a notion of curriculum based on transversal competences, teachers’ collaborative work is currently the focus of increased attention and research. Teacher collaboration has a paradoxical status in schools, as desired by educational policies and by teachers’ and schools’ discourses, but there is little evidence of authentic teacher collaboration practices. The present article intends to identify how teacher collaboration is at stake in schools. The perspective considered here is that of the frame of reference and reports of the third cycle of External Evaluation of Schools, conducted by the General Inspectorate of Education and Science in Portugal. The study uses document analysis as a data-gathering technique and content analysis for data analysis. The results point to the transversal valuing of teacher collaborative work in order to promote the improvement of teachers’ practices related to supervision.
Noniterative formulae for torsional precracking responses and torsional strengths in prestressed concrete members
Authors: Jeng Chyuan-Hwan , Chao Min
Published: April 2022

Recent studies have revealed the complex characteristics of cracking torques, Tcr, in prestressed concrete (PC). The distribution pattern of the longitudinal prestressing tendons in the cross-section is an important factor, but it is not considered in any methods. Recent studies have also shown that a PC-Tcr can be expressed in terms of the prestress ratio and a Tcr value calculated using an existing rational formula for reinforced concrete (RC). Therefore, this study collects data on multiple PC experiments from the literature and compares their results with the corresponding values calculated using two existing rational formulae for RC, and develops a series of noniterative formulae that facilitate the direct calculation of Tcr, the cracking angle of twist and the initial torsional stiffness for solid and hollow PC members. The developed formulae are verified to calculate the torsional precracking responses of 55 collected PC specimens reasonably well. This study also proposes a simple exponential formula for the inclination angle α of the compression diagonals in concrete for calculating the ACI-318 torsional strengths, Tn. The proposed α-formula is verified to calculate the values of ACI-318 Tn for 59 collected PC specimens very well, and is considerably more accurate than the latest ACI 318-19 α-criterion.
Über Zensur in Demokratien. Ein Gespräch
Authors: Roßbach Nikola
Published: April 2022

Warnungen vor «Zensur» und einem zu engen «Meinungskorridor» ertönen heute allerorten. Wenn man alarmierten Zeitgenossen Glauben schenken darf, dann ist in Deutschland die Freiheit der öffentlichen Meinung in unmittelbarer Gefahr. Was ist dran an solchen Äußerungen? Wachsamkeit ist, wenn es um Zensur geht, immer angebracht, auch in vermeintlich freien, demokratischen Ländern wie dem unseren. Bei den aktuellen Zensurrufen muss man allerdings genau hinschauen, inwiefern sie Berechtigung haben oder auch nicht. Da ist zum Beispiel die Neue Rechte, die auf jedwede Kritik an ihren populistischen und diskriminierenden Äußerungen mit einem polemischen Zensurvorwurf reagiert, im Sinne eines «Man-wird-doch-wohl-noch-sagen-dürfen».
Die Italo-Berlino-Fraktion
Authors: Müller Lothar
Published: April 2022

Im ersten Band seiner Autobiographie Die gerettete Zunge berichtet Elias Canetti, wie er im Frühjahr 1917 auf dem Weg zur Kantonsschule in Zürich einem Herrn begegnete, der seinen Hund «Dschoddo» rief. Er erfuhr, dass es sich um den Komponisten Ferruccio Busoni handelte und der Hund Giotto hieß. Busoni, durch den Kriegseintritt Italiens auf Seiten der Entente zum «feindlichen Ausländer» geworden, hatte Berlin verlassen müssen und war in die Schweiz gezogen. Er kehrte 1920 in seine Wohnung am Viktoria-Luise-Platz zurück. Der Ausbruch der schweren psychischen Erkrankung, die das Leben des Kunsthistorikers Aby Warburg von November 1918 bis 1924 zeichnete, fiel mit dem Ende des Ersten Weltkriegs nicht nur äußerlich zusammen. «Der Krieg erregte Warburg maßlos», schrieb sein Hausarzt in der Anamnese und meinte damit nicht nur die patriotischen Empfindungen des Patienten, der zeitweilig erwog, als Dolmetscher ins Feld zu ziehen.
Die Schule am Mittelmeer
Authors: Baader Meike Sophia
Published: April 2022

«Genua ist der Punkt, an dem man das Mittelmeer von Deutschland aus am schönsten erreicht. Dieses war der Gedanke […] als wir uns in Florenz entschlossen hatten, eine Schule aufzumachen und auf der Landkarte herumguckten, wo es wohl am günstigsten war […]. An die ligurische Seite der Küste war auch schon gedacht worden, aber keiner von uns war noch je dagewesen.» Die Suche nach einem geeigneten Haus hatte in Genua begonnen und sich als mühsam erwiesen. Erschöpft erklärte Hans Weil, der spätere Schulleiter, nach langen und vergeblichen Zugfahrten entlang der Küste, dass er am nächsten Ort aussteige. Dies war dann der «uns völlig unbekannte Ort Recco». Nach einigen Umwegen sei ihnen dort das später «Villa Palma» genannte Haus gezeigt worden. Hier sei schließlich 1934, so Weil in einer Schulansprache im Januar 1937, die «Schule am Mittelmeer» entstanden.
Nietzsches Ligurien
Authors: Sommer Andreas Urs
Published: April 2022

«In Genua angelangt, stiegen wir unweit des Hafens, in demselben Gasthofe, einem alten Palazzo ab, und verbrachten dort einige Tage in regem Verkehr mit dem, ausserhalb der Fachgenossen und des Wagner-Kreises, noch ungenannten, unberühmten Professor aus Basel. […] [Wir] unternahmen […] zu dritt manch’ schöne Partie, von denen vor allen ein langer nächtlicher Spaziergang durch Genuas malerische Gassen und Gässchen als Lichtpunkt in meiner Erinnerung dasteht. Farbenreich und plastisch zugleich liess Nietzsches Wort Genuas Vergangenheit vor unsrem geistigen Auge wieder erstehn. Es erschloss uns das Verständniss für die Kunst der Renaissance und des Barocks, die der Stadt der Paläste, ‹Genova, la superba›, der einstigen Nebenbuhlerin Venedigs, ihren Stempel aufgeprägt. […]. Wie unbeschreiblich steigerte sich der Genuss an der malerischen Umgebung, wo Nietzsches Beredtsamkeit zum Zauber der Gegenwart noch die Schatten der mächtigen Vorzeit heraufbeschwor.»
Ton Steine schreiben
Authors: Parzinger Hermann
Published: April 2022

Im Leben können sich immer wieder Kreise auf bemerkenswerte und teils auch unerwartete Weise schließen. Bei Claudia Roth, der amtierenden Kulturstaatsministerin, scheint dies so zu sein. Der subkulturellen bayrischen Szene schon in jungen Jahren direkt nach dem Abitur in Ulm als Dramaturgie- und Regieassistentin zugetan, folgten einige Semester Theaterwissenschaft in München und erste Tätigkeiten als Dramaturgin an den Städtischen Bühnen Dortmund. Bekannt wurde sie jedoch als Managerin der Politrockband Ton Steine Scherben von 1982 bis 1985, ehe sie sich auf eine Stellenanzeige in der alternativen taz als Pressesprecherin für die damals noch junge Partei «Die Grünen» bewarb und in der Folgezeit für «Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen» eine atemberaubende politische Karriere hinlegte, die bislang in der Wahl zur Vizepräsidentin des Deutschen Bundestages gipfelte. Bislang. Denn die Kultur kam zurück, mit voller Wucht und mit dem wichtigsten politischen Amt, das unser Land dafür zu vergeben hat.
Dilemmes et paradoxes de la didactique interculturelle
Authors: DENIMAL Amandine
Published: April 2022

Autour des années 2010-2012 s'est manifestée, dans certains écrits de recherche, une forme de malaise à l'endroit de la didactique interculturelle. La critique qui en a émergé porte sur l'essentialisme culturel ou culturalisme, qui enferme individus et groupes dans des identités rigides et non questionnées. La notion de diversité est avancée comme pouvant offrir une autre vision des relations humaines, et certains principes (comme l'interactionnisme, le socioconstructivisme) sont réaffirmés. Cependant, nous voyons dans cet événement de discours une forme de circularité, avec la réitération de cadres et de principes théoriques qui étaient déjà fondateurs de l'interculturel en didactique des langues étrangères, mais adossés cette fois-ci aux théories de l'ethnicité et à certains travaux d'anthropologie sociale et culturelle. Nous tentons ici de décrire et d'interroger les paradoxes de cette «crise» de l'interculturel, et avançons qu'elle s'enracine dans des ambiguïtés qui concernent la place des savoirs dans la compétence dite interculturelle, et dans les dilemmes du relativisme culturel.
Définir « l’interaction interculturelle » en contexte universitaire
Authors: DELORME Vera , NICOLAS Laura
Published: April 2022

Cette contribution vise à modéliser une forme prototypique de «~l'interaction interculturelle~» telle qu'elle se déroule dans le contexte de l'enseignement supérieur. Les caractéristiques exolingues étant écartées, on voit émerger des paramètres interactionnels typiques~: un contexte stable, un cadre participatif dynamique, des rapports de rôles mouvants et des activités discursives fortement ritualisées. Au-delà de l'intérêt scientifique d'une telle modalisation, on s'interroge sur l'apport formatif que constituerait la réintroduction de ce modèle dans les dispositifs de «~formation à l'interculturel~».
« La vie me force à vivre dans la langue française »
Authors: GRASSIN Jean-François
Published: April 2022

Notre contribution interroge la notion de compétence interculturelle à la lumière de celle de mobilité. Nous nous intéressons ici plus spécifiquement au capital interculturel d'étudiants internationaux en séjour d'études en France. Dans une démarche d'auto-ethnographie assistée par les technologies (Stornaiuolo - Hall, 2014), il a été demandé à 16~étudiants internationaux inscrits à l'université de collecter, par l'intermédiaire d'une application mobile, des traces géolocalisées de leurs opportunités d'apprentissage et de socialisation. Pour ces étudiants, échapper à l'exclusion exige une gestion créative des relations sociales et de l'autonomie personnelle, et une gestion stratégique des ressources de mobilité et de communication. L'objectif de la recherche est d'examiner les dynamiques interculturelles de confrontation à l'altérité générées par les mobilités quotidiennes et urbaines qui conduisent à différents degrés de compétences interactionnelles. Notre corpus met au jour la manière dont les individus font face à ces «~espaces de secondarité~» (Rémy, 1996), des espaces de l'ailleurs et de la distance sociale, qui sont à la fois une condition de la réflexivité et un terrain de mise à l'épreuve d'une compétence interculturelle.
Approche contrastive d’un texte argumentatif en classe français langue étrangère
Authors: DAVID Catherine , ALEKSANDROVA Tatiana , HIDDEN Marie-Odile
Published: April 2022

Cette contribution s'inscrit dans le champ des réflexions sur la didactique de l'écrit à l'université; plus spécifiquement, elle s'intéresse au rapport que certains apprenants mandarinophones entretiennent avec les codes du genre argumentatif. Notre projet visait au départ un travail sur la mise en texte du genre argumenté dans une démarche contrastive français/chinois. Dans ce cadre, nous avons assuré des formations de formateurs en Chine au cours desquelles l'activité de production écrite débouchait sur des échanges sur les manières de penser l'argumentation au regard de la culture éducative et de la culture prise dans un sens plus large. Nous avons prolongé ces interactions en proposant le même dispositif à des étudiants chinois B2/C1 inscrits dans un centre de langue. C'est sur ces interactions que nous ferons plus spécifiquement porter notre intérêt, interrogeant la dimension potentiellement interculturelle du dispositif.
Former à l’interculturel et par la rencontre
Authors: BERTRAND Magali Cécile , DURAZ Amandine
Published: April 2022

Dans un contexte d'internationalisation de l'enseignement supérieur, les compétences transversales, et en particulier la compétence interculturelle, ont gagné en importance dans les discours. Cette dernière fait toutefois peu souvent l'objet de dispositifs dédiés, si bien que cela laisse penser qu'elle pourrait s'acquérir d'elle-même. Nous avons souhaité enquêter sur les représentations de cette notion d'interculturel et sur celles des modalités de formation interculturelle auprès de quatorze enseignant.e.s intervenant dans des cursus internationaux à l'université. Les pratiques de formation décrites dans leurs discours sont variées et il ressort des catégorisations thématiques opérées que l'interculturel comprend la rencontre d'étudiant.e.s de différents pays, sans s'y réduire. Dans leurs représentations, la formation interculturelle implique un dispositif (de l'apprentissage de la langue de l'autre jusqu'à un module sur plusieurs jours)~; former à l'interculturel implique de former par la rencontre.
Pour une prise en compte de la dimension interculturelle dans les dispositifs universitaires pluriculturels de pratique enseignante
Authors: BORGÉ Nathalie
Published: April 2022

Cet article porte sur la dimension interculturelle des dispositifs de formation universitaire en didactique des langues et, plus particulièrement, sur l'accompagnement des étudiants migrants lors des stages de master. Nous aimerions montrer que la prise en compte de la diversité culturelle au sein des dispositifs de formation des enseignants de langue permet de faire émerger des styles tout à fait riches sur le plan professionnel.
Former les formateurs de futurs enseignants de langues à l’éducation interculturelle
Authors: ARISMENDI GÓMEZ Fabio Alberto
Published: April 2022

Cette contribution a pour objet la présentation et l'analyse de l'impact d'une formation à l'éducation interculturelle, destinée aux formateurs de futurs enseignants de langues étrangères -- anglais et français -- à l'université d'Antioquia, en Colombie. Grâce à une première étape diagnostique, il a été déterminé que le dispositif de formation devait prendre la forme d'une communauté de pratique. Le travail d'intervention a mobilisé une équipe de formateurs qui a échangé sur l'éducation interculturelle dans le cadre de la formation des enseignants de langues étrangères tout au long de huit mois. Les résultats de cette recherche dévoilent les potentialités des communautés de pratique pour la formation interculturelle des formateurs en milieu universitaire.
THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BITCOIN ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CRYPTOCURRENCY UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Gursoy Samet , Akkus Hilmi Tunahan , Dogan Mesut
Published: April 2022

Purpose- Investigating the relationship between the energy consumption for Bitcoin and the price and policy uncertainties in the cryptocurrency markets.
Methodology- It was preferred for unit root tests of series the Zivot-Andrews Unit Root Test, which takes into account structural breaks. Depending on the stagnation of the variables at different levels, the Toda-Yamamoto (1995) causality test was applied by using weekly data in period 19.02.2017 and 07.02.2021.
Findings- One-way causality was found on the indices of cryptocurrency price uncertainty and cryptocurrency policy uncertainty from bitcoin energy consumption. In addition, it is understood from the Chi-Square Test Statistic (13.16980) coefficient that the change in bitcoin energy consumption is more dominant on the crypto money policy uncertainty. It was reached that changes in bitcoin energy consumption have an effect on both price and crypto money policies in all crypto markets.
Conclusion- In line with these results, it is concluded that the uncertainties in the crypto markets are under the influence of many external political factors. This study investigated the effect of price and political uncertainty on bitcoin energy consumption in the entire cryptocurrency market, but it was concluded that bitcoin energy consumption is not only linked to crypto markets, but also under the influence of government interventions, bans, ill-recognition, and developments and movements in other financial markets.

Keywords: Bitcoin energy consumption, bitcoin mining, cryptocurrencies, crypto money price uncertainty index.
JEL Codes: G00, G19, P43
The influence of the physicochemical nature of the components of the V2O5/GaAs, MnO2/GaAs, V2O5/InP, MnO2/InP, TiO2/InP, and SnO2/InP heterostructures and the oxidation conditions on the surface morphology of the synthesised films
Authors: Ковалева Анастасия Сергеевна , Сладкопевцев Борис Владимирович , Самсонов Алексей Алексеевич , Алферова Светлана Ивановна , Ковалев Данила Геннадьевич , Титов Сергей Александрович , Пряхин Никита Дмитриевич , Миттова Ирина Яковлевна
Published: April 2022

The formation of oxide functional films on the surface of semiconductors is a serious technological challenge, which is even more complicated in the nanometre thickness range. It is necessary to form films with specified values of thickness, resistivity, and a certain surface morphology for practical applications. Such films are used in micro- and optoelectronics, environmental monitoring, and alternative energy devices. The goal of this work is to establish the features of the surface morphology of thin films formed as a result of the thermal oxidation of the MnO2/GaAs, V2O5/GaAs, V2O5/InP, MnO2/InP, TiO2/InP, and SnO2/InP heterostructures depending on the physicochemical nature of the components and the oxidation conditions.         The synthesis of thin films on the InP and GaAs surfaces was carried out by thermal oxidation under the influence of magnetron-deposited layers of chemostimulator-modifiers. The thickness of the formed films and their composition were determined by laser ellipsometry, X-ray phase analysis, and infra-red spectroscopy. The scanning tunnel and atomic force microscopy were used to determine the morphological characteristics of the films and their dependence on the type of semiconductor substrate, the nature of the chemostimulator-modifier, and the conditions of the thermal oxidation.          The application to the GaАs and InP surfaces of the most effective chemostimulator-modifiers (V2O5 and MnO2) of thermal oxidation and higher temperatures of the oxidation process contributed to the formation of smoother and nanostructured films.
Пограничность и периферийность: к вопросу о контексте формирования калининградской идентичности
Authors: Вендина Ольга Ивановна , Зиновьев Андрей Станиславович
Published: April 2022

В статье анализируется внутренняя неоднородность Калининградской области: неравномерность ее территориального развития, значительные различия в укладах жизни и представлениях людей. Многообразие локальных средовых контекстов формирования калининградской идентичности рассматривается наряду с такими факторами, как приграничное положение региона и активные трансграничные контакты его жителей. Сопоставление типологии муниципальных образований области, разработанной на основе социально-экономических и демографических показателей, с результатами репрезентативного опроса населения (осень 2020 года) дало авторам основание сделать вывод о территориальной выраженности мировоззренческих границ, маркирующих не только пространство социальных отношений, но и конкретные географические ареалы. Ключевыми маркерами пространственной дифференциации являются периферийность и неустроенность многих населенных пунктов; фрустрация, вызванная неблагоприятными сравнениями и социально-экономической поляризацией социумов; социальная инерционность. Эксклавность и пограничность региона обретают значение факторов формирования калининградской идентичности, если трансграничная активность людей становится следствием необходимости компенсировать дефицит локальных ресурсов развития. Феномен лиминального социума, дистанцирующегося от культурного ядра страны, не имеет в регионе значительных масштабов вопреки распространенному мнению о «двоемирии» Калининградской области и космополитизме ее жителей.