bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cracking mud, freezing dirt, and breaking rocks
Authors: Goehring Lucas , Morris Stephen W.
Published: November 2014

The crack patterns in dried mud, permafrost, and lava columns exhibit subtle variations on simple physics.
Effects of crude protein level in the concentrate and time allotment on pasture on milk yield, urinary nitrogen, and purine derivative excretion in lactating Latxa ewes
Authors: Fernández R. , Seradj A. R. , Oregi L. M. , García-Rodríguez A. , Balcells J.
Published: October 2014

This study assessed the influence of reducing the crude protein (CP) content (from 190 to 130 g/kg CP/kg) in the supplementary concentrate and time allotment on pasture (TAP) on the milk yield, bodyweight, and the urinary nitrogen (N) and purine derivatives (PD) in lactating Latxa ewes. Animals were reared in a production system that restricted the amount of time that ewes spent on pasture. In mid-April, at the start of the 42 days experiment, 40 dairy Latxa ewes were assigned to one of four groups on the basis of their initial milk yield, days in lactation (DIL), bodyweight (BW), and condition score; thereafter, each group grazed in its own fenced paddock. The experiment was based on a 2 × 2 factorial design that included two CP levels and two pasture grazing regimes: 4 h continuous grazing (CG) in the morning or 2 h grazing in the morning and 2 h in the afternoon (DG). Individual milk yield was recorded three times a week, and time spent grazing and BW was recorded weekly. In the middle (day 15–17; P1) and at the end (day 36–38; P2) of the experiment, urinary spot samples were collected using a catheter. At the end of the experiment, ewes were confined to metabolic cages and urine was collected. CP level of the concentrate was not correlated with time spent grazing; however, the ewes that were permitted access to pasture twice per day spent more time grazing (223 min/day vs 207 min/day, P < 0.01) and were more efficient with their time (56 min/h grazing vs 52 min/h, P < 0.05) than the ewes that were permitted access to pasture once per day. Concentrate CP levels were not correlated with milk yield or composition, although ewes that received the high protein (HP) lost more weight than did those that received the low protein (LP) concentrate. Concentrate CP level and TAP were not correlated with creatinine (CR) excretion rate (mean = 315 µmol/kg LW0.75 s.e. 0.0161). Urea-N was the largest component of urinary-N (68.7 s.e. 2.33%; P > 0.05), and urea-N waste was higher in HP ewes (202.7 mmol/day) than it was in LP ewes (159.5 mmol/day) (s.d. 27.83; P < 0.01). Ewes subjected to the DG regime had significantly (P < 0.01) higher urinary PD excretion (23.6 vs 21.4 mmol/day s.d. 4.01; P < 0.01), and tended (P < 0.1) to excrete less urea-N (175.1 vs 188.3 mmol, s.d. 27.83) than did the CG ewes. A reduction in the CP in the supplementary concentrate led to a reduction in N waste without having a detrimental effect on performance or milk production.
Modelling the potential of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) to reduce methane emissions and increase production on wool and prime lamb farm enterprises
Authors: Doran-Browne Natalie , Behrendt Ralph , Kingwell Ross , Eckard Richard
Published: October 2014

In Australia in 2011 the Federal government introduced a voluntary offset scheme called the Carbon Farming Initiative, which allows farmers to receive carbon credits when they reduce or sequester greenhouse gas emissions. Various mitigation options have since been explored for their potential to reduce on-farm greenhouse gas emissions. Among these is the use of alternative pastures that lower methane (CH4) production of grazing animals such as Lotus corniculatus, a legume that contains condensed tannins that inhibit the formation of CH4 in the rumen. Lotus has other benefits for sheep production such as increased wool growth, liveweight gain and fecundity. This study modelled the potential emission, production and economic outcomes for wool and lamb enterprises that incorporate lotus in their pastures, evaluating the impact of existing farm productivity, lotus intake and carbon price. Depending on the amount of lotus consumed and the CH4 reduction rate, CH4 emissions fell by 0.02–0.38 t carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e)/ha and 0.05–0.48 t CO2e/ha on wool and prime lamb enterprises, respectively. At a price of $6/t CO2e potential offset income attributable to use of lotus across all enterprises was $0.12–2.91/ha. Increases in income from increased productivity were 15–30 times greater than from potential carbon offset income. Income was driven by the amount of lotus dry matter intake and the subsequent production benefits. Over a 10-year period prime lamb enterprises generated up to $50/ha in profit by using lotus, due to increased liveweight gain and fecundity. In most modelled scenarios wool enterprises would not cover the cost of lotus pasture establishment. This research demonstrated that 18–23% and 37–46% of lotus intake within the diet was required to generate production enough to cover pasture establishment costs on prime lamb and wool enterprises, respectively. Potential carbon offset income would not be sufficient for farmers to establish lotus without the productivity benefits. While extra profit may be gained on prime lamb enterprises through the use of lotus, problems with persistence must first be overcome for lotus to be adopted on farms.
Antibody persistence and T-cell balance: Two key factors confronting HIV vaccine development
Authors: Lewis George K. , DeVico Anthony L. , Gallo Robert C.
Published: October 2014

The quest for a prophylactic AIDS vaccine is ongoing, but it is now clear that the successful vaccine must elicit protective antibody responses. Accordingly, intense efforts are underway to identify immunogens that elicit these responses. Regardless of the mechanism of antibody-mediated protection, be it neutralization, Fc-mediated effector function, or both, antibody persistence and appropriate T-cell help are significant problems confronting the development of a successful AIDS vaccine. Here, we discuss the evidence illustrating the poor persistence of antibody responses to Env, the envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, and the related problem of CD4+T-cell responses that compromise vaccine efficacy by creating excess cellular targets of HIV-1 infection. Finally, we propose solutions to both problems that are applicable to all Env-based AIDS vaccines regardless of the mechanism of antibody-mediated protection.
Use of protein cross-linking and radiolytic footprinting to elucidate PsbP and PsbQ interactions within higher plant Photosystem II
Authors: Mummadisetti Manjula P. , Frankel Laurie K. , Bellamy Henry D. , Sallans Larry , Goettert Jost S. , Brylinski Michal , Limbach Patrick A. , Bricker Terry M.
Published: October 2014

Significance

In higher plant Photosystem II, the PsbP and PsbQ proteins provide critical support for oxygen evolution at physiological calcium and chloride concentrations. The locations of these components within the photosystem, however, are unclear. Our findings that (i) the N terminus of PsbP, which is unresolved in the current high-resolution structure of this subunit, forms a compact structure and associates with the C-terminal domain of the protein and (ii) PsbP and PsbQ directly interact to form a framework for understanding the organization of these subunits within the higher plant photosystem.
Selective allosteric coupling in core chemotaxis signaling complexes
Authors: Li Mingshan , Hazelbauer Gerald L.
Published: October 2014

Significance

The notable cooperativity and signal amplification of bacterial chemotaxis are thought to arise from allosteric interactions in its multicomponent, membrane-bound signaling complexes. However, little is known about this presumed allostery. By characterizing signaling in isolated core signaling complexes, assembled using Nanodisc-inserted transmembrane chemoreceptors, we found that core complexes were not unified allosteric units. Instead, allosteric coupling among its components was selective and asymmetric. This observation was unanticipated and has significant implications for understanding the central coupling of ligand-occupied chemoreceptors to chemotaxis histidine kinases. More widely, our observations provide an example of unconventional asymmetry within an allosteric unit. In addition, we deduced allosteric coupling between protomers of the dimeric kinase, identifying a crucial link in the allosteric spread of ligand-induced kinase inhibition.
Criterion for stability of Goldstone modes and Fermi liquid behavior in a metal with broken symmetry
Authors: Watanabe Haruki , Vishwanath Ashvin
Published: October 2014

Significance

A remarkable feature of many particle systems is that although they are described by equations respecting various symmetries, they may spontaneously organize into a state that explicitly breaks symmetries. An example is a crystal that breaks the translation symmetry of space. In such cases, a celebrated theorem predicts an excitation, the Goldstone mode. In this paper we examine whether this continues to hold inside a metal, where electrons can collide with the Goldstone excitations. Our result is a one-equation criterion that specifies whether the interactions between electrons and Goldstone modes can be ignored or whether it completely changes their character. In the latter case, unusual phases of matter such as non-Fermi liquids or superconductors may arise.
Some remarks on “pain” in Latin American Spanish
Authors: Bulat-Silva Zuzanna
Published: October 2014

The aim of this paper is to examine the Spanish counterpart ofpain,that is, the lexemedolor. It seems thatdolor,different from both Englishpainand Frenchdouleur,has two clearly distinguishable meanings,dolor1referring to physical (and emotional) sensation of pain, anddolor2,a quite frequent emotion term belonging to the domain of “sadness.”This article examines different lexical occurrences of the worddolor, cominginter aliafrom tango lyrics, in order to support the above hypothesis.
De-authorizing rape narrators
Authors: Trinch Shonna L.
Published: October 2014

This article examines how reviewers take silence-sustaining or silence-breaking stances toward rape in online reviews of anti-terrorism expert, Jessica Stern’s (2010) book,Denial: A Memoir of Terror.I analyze how reviewers recontextualize the story of this uncontroversial rape and its narrator. The data consist of 47 reviews, ranging from professional reviewers at major newspapers to ‘citizen reviewers’ found on commercial bookstores’ websites and on readers’ blogs. Using stance as my analytic framework (Jaffe 2009), I show how readers align their reviews in ways that either authorize or de-authorize the narrator and her narrative.
How are alternative stories created in a self-help group?
Authors: Kitamura Atsushi
Published: October 2014

The aim of this article is to reveal how alternative stories and identities are constructed through narrative practice in a self-help group. An analysis using the concept of positioning was conducted with a SHG for the parents facing their children’s delinquency. I use data that were collected in the framework of participant observation and interviews with group members. The results show that parents were describing themselves in two manners: in relation to social discourse and in relation to an emerging group narrative. The group narrative provides support for parents trying to break free from their negative position as imposed by the dominant social discourse. Another important piece of the construction of alternative stories is the positioning that differentiates the past self from the present self. Thereby, the parents acquire a position from which they can criticize the social discourse that was part of the foundation of the past self.
Evaluative devices as a narrative tool for enacting relational complexity
Authors: Jović Svetlana
Published: October 2014

In the present article, I explore how urban youth use narrating for self-presentation as they relate to diverse contexts and audiences. Diverse narrative genres employed in this study were used as a socio-cognitive tool for looking into enactments ofrelational complexity— a skill of adjusting one’s communications to audiences and contexts. Thirteen adolescents were asked to narrate about the most important aspects of their lives, using two different genres and addressing two different audiences. I explored youth’s systematically varied use of psychological state expressions, as they navigated through different genres and audiences. As adolescents narrate either about the negative experiences or for the imagined peer audience, their narrating involves more cognitive than affective expressions. This indicates that systematic changes take place in narrating as a socio-cognitive process when there is a need for more intense work around issues, either to figure out what is happening, or to try to present oneself in the best light to salient others.
Narrative assessment
Authors: Vall Berta , Botella Lluís
Published: October 2014

Studies on clients’ language processes in psychotherapy have focused on specific non-narrative aspects rather than on narrative processes. This study’s goal was to test the commonalities and differences between a group of narratives from 15 depressed patients and 14 anxious patients. Patients’ narratives were obtained through self-characterizations written by the client and, were analyzed by means of the Narrative Assessment Grid — a combination of narrative analysis dimensions. Results indicated that both groups could be distinguished by six of the 22 dimensions assessed: (a) Variety of characters, (b) Objectifying, (c) Intelligibility/Clarity, (d) Cognitive Subjectifying, (e) Metaphorizing; and (f) Intelligibility/Stability. Clinical implications of our results are discussed.
The Unstable People of a Tumultuous Land: Persia Through the Eyes and Feet of Hajji Baba of Isfahan
Authors: Ahmadi Arian Amir
Published: October 2014

For the English interested in Persia in the nineteenth century, James Morier's Adventures of Hajji Baba of Isfahan was a crucial text, as it also was for Iranians who read its groundbreaking Persian translation almost half a century later. The text provided a persuasive understanding of Persia that has endured in the western imagination. This paper begins with the framing narrative and shows how the frame story sets the stage for a convincing literary portrait of Persia and Persians. Then it analyzes the image of Persia constructed in this book through the characterization of Hajji Baba as representative of Persians, and the geopolitical portrayal of the country that emerges from the account of his travels.
Enhanced chondrogenesis with upregulation of PKR using a novel hydrostatic pressure bioreactor
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun , Montagne Kevin , Ushida Takashi , Furukawa Katsuko
Published: October 2014

In this study, we developed a novel bioreactor to load hydrostatic pressure to promote chondrogenesis of prechondrogenic ATDC5 cells in as little as 3 days. Furthermore, we showed that loading hydrostatic pressure induced the upregulation of PKR, which is known to participate in mechanotransduction in various models.
The existence of traveling wave fronts for a reaction-diffusion system modelling the acidic nitrate-ferroin reaction
Authors: Fu Sheng-Chen
Published: October 2014

We investigate the existence of traveling wave solutions to the one-dimensional reaction-diffusion system

u
t

=
δ

u

x
x

−
2
u
v

/

(
β
+
u
)

u_t=\delta u_{xx}-2uv/(\beta +u)

,

v
t

=

v

x
x

+
u
v

/

(
β
+
u
)

v_t=v_{xx}+uv/(\beta +u)

, which describes the acidic nitrate-ferroin reaction. Here

β
\beta

is a positive constant,

u
u

and

v
v

represent the concentrations of the ferroin and acidic nitrate respectively, and

δ
\delta

denotes the ratio of the diffusion rates. We show that this system has a unique, up to translation, traveling wave solution with speed

c
c

iff

c
≥
2

/

β
+
1

c\geq 2/\sqrt {\beta +1}

.
Mechanistic modeling confronts the complexity of molecular cell biology
Authors: Phair Robert D.
Published: November 2014

Mechanistic modeling has the potential to transform how cell biologists contend with the inescapable complexity of modern biology. I am a physiologist–electrical engineer–systems biologist who has been working at the level of cell biology for the past 24 years. This perspective aims 1) to convey why we build models, 2) to enumerate the major approaches to modeling and their philosophical differences, 3) to address some recurrent concerns raised by experimentalists, and then 4) to imagine a future in which teams of experimentalists and modelers build—and subject to exhaustive experimental tests—models covering the entire spectrum from molecular cell biology to human pathophysiology. There is, in my view, no technical obstacle to this future, but it will require some plasticity in the biological research mind-set.
SEABED: Small molEcule activity scanner weB servicE baseD
Authors: Fenollosa Carlos , Otón Marcel , Andrio Pau , Cortés Jorge , Orozco Modesto , Goñi J. Ramon
Published: October 2014

Motivation: The SEABED web server integrates a variety of docking and QSAR techniques in a user-friendly environment. SEABED goes beyond the basic docking and QSAR web tools and implements extended functionalities like receptor preparation, library editing, flexible ensemble docking, hybrid docking/QSAR experiments or virtual screening on protein mutants. SEABED is not a monolithic workflow tool but Software as a Service platform.

Availability and implementation: SEABED is a free web server available at http://www.bsc.es/SEABED. No registration is required.

Contact:  ramon.goni@bsc.es

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinical Neurology
Authors: Roos Raymund A. C.
Published: October 2014

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by motor behavior changes, chorea and hypokinesia, psychiatric disturbances, and dementia. In this chapter the clinical symptoms and signs of the changes in motor behavior are described in detail as they evolve from the premanifest stage, through the conversion to manifest disease, and finally the to the last stage of the disease. Attention is also given to the less well known secondary signs of HD, such as weight loss, sleep disturbances, and autonomic dysregulation. The first presentation of the illness and the stages involved in reaching the clinical diagnosis are described. Finally, the differential diagnosis of chorea is discussed.
Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Weekly Paclitaxel and Cisplatin Followed by Radical Hysterectomy in Stages IB2 and IIA2 Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chou Hung-Hsueh , Huang Huei-Jean , Lin Hao , Yang Lan-Yan , Hsueh Swei , Liu Feng-Yuan , Liou Yen-Lyin , Liou Jui-Der , Chen Min-Yu , Chao Angel , Lin Gigin , Chang Ting-Chang , Lai Chyong-Huey
Published: October 2014

Purpose:

To define the optimal dose of paclitaxel combining cisplatin, as weekly neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for early-stage bulky squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Methods:

A prospective trial was conducted for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages IB2 and IIA2 cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients with magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography-defined lymph node negative. Weekly fixed-dose cisplatin (40 mg/m2) and 4-level dose escalation of paclitaxel (50, 60, 70, 80 mg/m2) for 3 courses was given and followed by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection (RH-PLND) 14 to 28 days later. Postoperative adjuvant therapy was tailored according to pathologic response.

Results:

No dose-limiting toxicity occurred. Twelve subjects were enrolled without reaching maximum tolerated dose, nor was any RH-PLND procedure delayed for >2 weeks. Pathologic response rate was 50% (complete in 2 and partial in 4). Paclitaxel dose level seemed unrelated to pathologic response. No subjects had grade ≥3 acute adverse events. Seven patients (58.3%) received postoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Patients with human papillomavirus 16-negative tumor and aged 55 years and older had marginally higher risk (100%) of adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiation after NAC than those with human papillomavirus 16-positive or age less than 55 (P=0.081). With a median follow-up of 45.5 months, all 12 patients remained alive without disease.

Conclusions:

Weekly paclitaxel and cisplatin NAC for 3 courses can be tolerated with excellent short-term outcome. With the caveat of small number of patients, this study supports future phase II trials of weekly paclitaxel and cisplatin NAC for 4 to 5 cycles.
The molecular underpinnings of totipotency
Authors: Morgani Sophie M. , Brickman Joshua M.
Published: October 2014

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are characterized by their functional potency and capacity to self-renew in culture. Historically, ES cells have been defined as pluripotent, able to make the embryonic but not the extraembryonic lineages (such as the yolk sac and the placenta). The functional capacity of ES cells has been judged based on their ability to contribute to all somatic lineages when they are introduced into an embryo. However, a number of recent reports have suggested that under certain conditions, ES cells, and other reprogrammed cell lines, can also contribute to the extraembryonic lineages and, therefore, can be said to be totipotent. Here, we consider the molecular basis for this totipotent state, its transcriptional signature and the signalling pathways that define it.
Differential response of epiblast stem cells to Nodal and Activin signalling: a paradigm of early endoderm development in the embryo
Authors: Kaufman-Francis Keren , Goh Hwee Ngee , Kojima Yoji , Studdert Joshua B. , Jones Vanessa , Power Melinda D. , Wilkie Emilie , Teber Erdahl , Loebel David A. F. , Tam Patrick P. L.
Published: October 2014

Mouse epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) display temporal differences in the upregulation ofMixl1expression during the initial steps ofin vitrodifferentiation, which can be correlated with their propensity for endoderm differentiation. EpiSCs that upregulatedMixl1rapidly during differentiation responded robustly to both Activin A and Nodal in generating foregut endoderm and precursors of pancreatic and hepatic tissues. By contrast, EpiSCs that delayed Mixl1 upregulation responded less effectively to Nodal and showed an overall suboptimal outcome of directed differentiation. The enhancement in endoderm potency in Mixl1-early cells may be accounted for by a rapid exit from the progenitor state and the efficient response to the induction of differentiation by Nodal. EpiSCs that readily differentiate into the endoderm cells are marked by a distinctive expression fingerprint of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling pathway genes and genes related to the endoderm lineage. Nodal appears to elicit responses that are associated with transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, whereas Activin A promotes gene expression associated with maintenance of an epithelial phenotype. We postulate that the formation of definitive endoderm (DE) in embryoid bodies follows a similar process to germ layer formation from the epiblast, requiring an initial de-epithelialization event and subsequent re-epithelialization. Our results show that priming EpiSCs with the appropriate form of TGF-β signalling at the formative phase of endoderm differentiation impacts on the further progression into mature DE-derived lineages, and that this is influenced by the initial characteristics of the cell population. Our study also highlights that Activin A, which is commonly used as anin vitrosurrogate for Nodal in differentiation protocols, does not elicit the same downstream effects as Nodal, and therefore may not effectively mimic events that take place in the mouse embryo.
giganteaSuppressesimmutansVariegation by Interactions with Cytokinin and Gibberellin Signaling Pathways
Authors: Putarjunan Aarthi , Rodermel Steve
Published: October 2014

The immutans (im) variegation mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is an ideal model to gain insight into factors that control chloroplast biogenesis. im defines the gene for PTOX, a plastoquinol terminal oxidase that participates in the control of thylakoid redox. Here, we report that the im defect can be suppressed during the late stages of plant development by gigantea (gi2), which defines the gene for GI, a central component of the circadian clock that plays a poorly understood role in diverse plant developmental processes. imgi2 mutants are late flowering and display other well-known phenotypes associated with gi2, such as starch accumulation and resistance to oxidative stress. We show that the restoration of chloroplast biogenesis in imgi2 is caused by a development-specific derepression of cytokinin signaling that involves cross talk with signaling pathways mediated by gibberellin (GA) and SPINDLY (SPY), a GA response inhibitor. Suppression of the plastid defect in imgi2 is likely caused by a relaxation of excitation pressures in developing plastids by factors contributed by gi2, including enhanced rates of photosynthesis and increased resistance to oxidative stress. Interestingly, the suppression phenotype of imgi can be mimicked by crossing im with the starch accumulation mutant, starch excess1 (sex1), perhaps because sex1 utilizes pathways similar to gi. We conclude that our studies provide a direct genetic linkage between GI and chloroplast biogenesis, and we construct a model of interactions between signaling pathways mediated by gi, GA, SPY, cytokinins, and sex1 that are required for chloroplast biogenesis.
Linking territorial foresight and urban planning
Authors: Miguel Fernández Güell José , Redondo Leticia
Published: November 2014

Purpose

This article aims to show the opportunity and benefits of linking territorial foresight tools to urban planning procedures. Additionally, it suggests ways to reinforce the scenario design method with more in‐depth analysis, without losing its qualitative nature and communication advantages.

Design/methodology/approach

These assumptions are tested in a scenario design exercise that explores the future evolution of the sustainable development paradigm and its implications in the Spanish urban development model.

Findings

Major findings are obtained on the feasibility of a systematic approach that provides anticipatory intelligence about future disruptive events that may affect the natural environment and the socioeconomic fabric of a given territory. In addition, the study confirms that foresight offers interesting opportunities for urban planners, such as anticipating changes, fostering participation and building networks, in contrast to its perception as a mere story‐telling technique that generates oversimplified visions without the backing of rigorous analysis.

Research limitations/implications

In order to boost the perception of scenario design as an added value instrument for urban planners, three sets of implications – functional, parametric and spatial – are displayed to provide substantial information for policy makers.

Originality/value

The value of the present work lies in the synergy that can be generated between territorial foresight and urban planning, offering a great opportunity for policy makers to use futurists' output as input for urban planners' work.
Impact of religion on the effectiveness of the promotional aspect of product packages in Muslim countries
Authors: M. Almossawi Mohammed
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of religion on the effectiveness of product packages in attracting customers’ attention, and forming their attitudes, preferences, and buying decisions. In other words, the study aims at finding out how do Muslims respond to product packages including elements believed to disagree with the Islamic values, in this study referred to as “contentious packages.”

Design/methodology/approach

– To test the five hypotheses, the study recruited 300 young Muslims in Bahrain, chosen from the population of 14,000 students of the University of Bahrain aged between 20 and 25, 26 percent male and 74 percent female. The primary data were collected through personal interviews with the selected sample, using a specially designed questionnaire. The questionnaire included ten questions covering two personal questions for age and gender and eight other questions attempting to find out Muslims’ responses to contentious packages in terms of attention, attitudes, buying intention, company image, and word-of-mouth.

Findings

– Findings indicate that use of contentious packaging runs a high risk of tarnishing a company’s reputation and appeal. Muslims who live by Shari’a and the dictates of the Kuran will consider such companies to be promoters of fornication, and will therefore boycott such companies in order to prevent them from corrupting the purity and piety of the community. If advertising firms continue to fail in recognizing the profundity of these beliefs within Muslim communities, both their fiscal success and reputation run the risk of suffering substantial damage.

Practical implications

– The findings of this study send six important messages to multinational companies doing business in Islamic countries. First, Islam governs all aspects of Muslim life, including consumer behavior. Second, to prosper in Islamic countries, choose packaging that does not contradict or offend the principles and values of Islam. Third, recognize that much packaging that has proven to be effective in Western countries will not be successful in Islamic countries due to vastly different cultural environments. Fourth, a contentious package may result in a steep drop in the sales. Fifth, using contentious packages may damage the reputation. Sixth, you can attract more Muslims by using non-contentious packages.

Originality/value

– This paper is of great value to companies who wish to expand their practice in Muslim countries. Its findings promise to improve advertising standards and to increase both company profits and customer satisfaction.
Academic libraries and development
Authors: Sootheran Jeffrey
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine publication patterns of scholarly literature related to academic libraries and development (i.e. funding), including publication trends over a five-year period, core journals and authorship, so that library directors and library development officers will have a basic collection of relevant resources.

Design/methodology/approach

– The methodology consisted of journal article searches in three databases relating to the field of library information science with 2006-2010 as the date limiter. The primary search terms came from the topic of this study and were joined to secondary-level search terms by using the Boolean operator: AND. Secondary-level keywords originated from the literature review and the search process. Results were stored in an Excel file based on pre-determined categories and were evaluated based on the research questions.

Findings

– There were 106 articles published on the topic of academic libraries and development authored by 164 individuals, pairs, groups or associations during the five-year period of 2006-2010. In 2010, the greatest number of articles (35) was published on the topic, but in 2008, the least number (14) was published.

Originality/value

– This study takes the bibliometric analysis approach, which has rarely been used on the topic of academic libraries and development work with the specific focus on library funding. It provides a foundation for further research on the topic, as well as resources to be used by library practitioners.
Implementing the Koha integrated library system at the Independent University, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahammad Nur
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explain how the author carried out the implementation of the Koha open-source integrated library system (ILS) at the Independent University Bangladesh (IUB) Library, stated how much easy it is to implement Koha in a library and encouraged library professionals to implement Koha in their libraries.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper describes the author’s practical experiences regarding implementation of the Koha open-source ILS.

Findings

– Koha has those functionalities which can fulfill the library automation need of the IUB Library. That is why Koha is selected. Other librarians can easily implement Koha in their libraries.

Practical implications

– This paper will help librarians to implement Koha in a practical way to their libraries. The author implemented Koha at the IUB Library within three months, and the author used migrated data from Computerized Documentation System/Integrated Set of Information System to MARC-21 for books and made new MARC-21 records for movies.

Originality/value

– The author is the youngest library professional who implemented Koha at a private university library in Bangladesh. This will influence librarians to learn Koha and implement it in their libraries.
Marketing information resources and services on the web
Authors: Anwarul Islam Md. , Jaber Hossain Muhammad
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to address and analyse the current status of university library websites in Bangladesh. Particularly, it is focused on all universities accredited by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of Bangladesh. The purpose of this paper is to describe the marketing initiatives taken by university libraries to promote collection and services to their clientele.

Design/methodology/approach

– For this study, university library websites were examined using a checklist of criteria developed from earlier studies and present websites. A total of 57 university library websites were examined and most of the websites were visited at least two times during the assessment, which started by checking the availability of direct and non-direct links from the home page of the parent institution followed by website assessment against the checklist. The paper also draws upon the authors’ personal experiences and observations.

Findings

– The study identified that the websites are not fully utilized for marketing library resources and services, and that university libraries are not maximizing their promotional activities. A majority of libraries did not make any effort to provide online literacy courses, live support, copyright documents, online user surveys, networking, and so on.

Research limitations/implications

– The study is limited to Bangladeshi university libraries and generalization to others is to be cautioned, but there are important lessons to be learned.

Practical implications

– This paper will be helpful to libraries planning to implement a marketing strategic plan to improve outreach to users and enhance the image of the library.

Originality/value

– The present study is new in Bangladesh and reveals several marketing strategies that may be useful to other academic libraries.
Student opinion on the use of social networking tools by libraries
Authors: Kumar Bhatt Rakesh , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the students’ opinion of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, regarding the use of social networking sites (SNSs)/tools by library and their expectation from the library through SNSs.

Design/methodology/approach

– A survey was conducted using a well-designed questionnaire circulated among 200 students studying in JNU for the academic session 2011-2012.

Findings

– The study explores that most of the students are in favor of using the SNS/tools by the libraries and they expect the services should be provided to them by libraries through SNS/tools as well.

Research limitations/implications

– The study geographical area was confined to the students of the JNU, New Delhi, regarding their opinion on use of SNS/tools by the library.

Originality/value

– The paper highlights the student opinion regarding the use of SNS by library and further explores the expectations of students from library through SNS/tool.
Seeking out collective wisdom: cataloguers’ use of social media
Authors: Siddall Bridgit , Li Liew Chern
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore the frequency with which Internet-based social media (namely, wikis, blogs, forums and electronic mailing lists) are used by cataloguers to seek what Judith Hopkins (2002) defines as “specific (and immediate) current awareness” and “general current awareness”. The aim is to provide some insight into whether social media play a part in day-to-day practice and on-the-job learning of cataloguers.

Design/methodology/approach

– A survey research was conducted. An online questionnaire was made available to self-selecting respondents via electronic mailing lists (AUTOCAT, CatSIG listserv, NZLibs listserv) and 176 responses were received.

Findings

– The study found that general current awareness information was more frequently sought via Internet-based social media than specific (and immediate) current awareness. A statistically significant, weak positive correlation was found between the variables of “number of cataloguers working in an organization” and “frequency of accessing social media to seek out cataloguing-specific information”. A weak positive correlation was also found within the sample between the variables of “number of cataloguers working in an organization” and “frequency of accessing social media to seek general current awareness information”. Qualitative data were also gathered concerning the reasons respondents sought both specific and general current awareness information.

Originality/value

– This research examines the assumption that cataloguers use social media tools to access what Hopkins has dubbed a “community of cataloguers” as one means of accessing informal continuing education.
A study of UHF-RFID data model construction in university libraries
Authors: Guo Jing , Huang Qinling , Chen Jiayi
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to put forward a Ultra-high Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF-RFID) data model construction scheme for university libraries, hoping to realize the opening, uniform, compatible and interoperable RFID application between different libraries and manufacturers.

Design/methodology/approach

– This article uses the practical application needs of university libraries as the starting point, and proposes the UHF-RFID data model construction scheme for university libraries based on the study of applicable standards, such as ISO 28560.

Findings

– Based on practical application demand of university libraries and some international standards, the paper puts forward an UHF-RFID data model construction scheme for university libraries. First, the scheme explains and defines six user data elements different from ISO28560: version, owner library identifiers, temporary item location, subject, International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) and International Standard Book Number (ISBN). Furthermore, different encoding rules for electronic product code (EPC) data area and user data area are designed to achieve maximum work efficiency.

Practical implications

– This paper tries to bring forward a set of referential UHF-RFID data model standards for university libraries. Hopefully, this standard will offer uniform data models for university libraries to comply with, integrate the disordered market and further make the opening, unified, compatible and interoperable RFID application possible.

Originality/value

– Although there are several formally published RFID standard documents, they are primarily designed for high frequency RFID technology. Concerning UHF-RFID technology, there are still no internationally unified data model standards. Hence, this paper brings forward the UHF-RFID data model construction scheme for university libraries.
The effects of emotional labor on frontline employee creativity
Authors: Geng Zizhen , Liu Chao , Liu Xinmei , Feng Jie
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to empirically test and extend knowledge of the effects of emotional labor of frontline service employee.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors examined the effects of emotional labor (surface acting and deep acting) on frontline employee creativity, as well as the mediating effects of different kinds of job stress (hindrance stress and challenge stress) on the relationship between emotional labor and creativity. The research hypotheses were tested using data collected from 416 service employee–supervisor dyads in 82 Chinese local restaurants.

Findings

– Results show that surface acting is negatively related to and deep acting is positively related to frontline employee creativity; surface acting is positively related to hindrance stress, while deep acting is positively related to challenge stress; and hindrance stress mediates the relationship between surface acting and creativity.

Originality/value

– This study extends the consequences of emotional labor to frontline employee creativity from a cognitive perspective. It also advances knowledge about the effects of emotional labor on stress by classifying different kinds of job stress caused by different cognitive appraisals of surfacing acting and deep acting, and revealing the role of hindrance stress as psychological mechanism through which surface acting affects creativity.
High reliability teams: new directions for disaster management and conflict
Authors: A. Jehn Karen , Techakesari Pirathat
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The aim of this paper is to present a framework that can be used to identify detrimental team processes in high reliability teams (HRTs), such as conflict, asymmetric perceptions and stress and coping appraisals, and develop interventions that eliminate these detrimental team processes. In addition, this paper suggests new directions for future disaster management and conflict research.

Design/methodology/approach

– This framework is developed based on past theories (i.e. Intragroup Conflict Theory and Biopsychosocial Model of arousal regulation) and their associated empirical studies.

Findings

– The present article brings a multi-method, multi-level approach to examine the prevalence of detrimental team processes in HRTs, their impact on performance and stress-related health outcomes and how they can be prevented or managed.

Originality/value

– This paper provides a novel conceptual framework that highlights the importance of considering human factors and team processes in improving the response speed, accuracy and efficiency of high reliability team members and ensuring the health and well-being of both responders and recipients of care.
Creativity and negotiation research: the integrative potential
Authors: Ruth Wilson Elizabeth , L. Thompson Leigh
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this article is to outline ways in which the large body of empirical work on creativity can meaningfully inform negotiation. In doing so, two general streams of creativity research and their implications for negotiation theory and empirical analysis are considered. Negotiation pundits advise that negotiators should engage in creative problem-solving to craft integrative agreements, and it is widely believed by both negotiation theorists and practitioners that “out-of-the-box” thinking and creative idea generation are necessary for win–win negotiation. Although practitioners have strongly encouraged parties to engage in creative problem-solving, there are remarkably few empirical investigations of creative thinking, brainstorming and other idea-generation methods in negotiation.

Design/methodology/approach

– First, creativity as a trait is considered and the relationship between individual differences in creativity and negotiation performance is examined. Then, creative thinking as a causal factor is examined and how it may influence the negotiation process and outcomes is suggested. Finally, three considerations for further integrating creativity and negotiation research are suggested: communication media, idea-generation strategies and morality and social motivation.

Findings

– A literature review revealed four studies that have empirically tested the influence of trait creativity on negotiation performance. Even less research has manipulated creative thinking or training to analyze creativity as a causal factor of negotiation outcomes.

Originality/value

– This research will benefit both creativity and negotiation scholars by suggesting the limited amount of work at their intersection yet the opportunities that exist for further research.
Gossiping as a response to conflict with the boss: alternative conflict management behavior?
Authors: Dijkstra Maria , Beersma Bianca , van Leeuwen Jelle
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The current paper aims to argue that it is important for conflict management research to start focusing on leader–follower conflict as a “special case” of conflict because the relationship between leaders and followers is, by definition, characterized by divergence of interest and, second, because it is asymmetric in terms of power and vulnerability. Moreover, it is argued that conflict management research should start to examine the various behaviors that people engage in as a response to conflict, in a broader sense, than has been done until now. Research on conflict management increasingly recognizes the significance of interpersonal relations in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach

– As a case in point, a survey study among 97 Dutch police officers is presented. Leaders’ conflict management behaviors as assessed by followers is measured. In addition, followers’ experienced interactional justice and the extent to which they indicated that they would engage in negative and/or positive gossip about their leader was measured.

Findings

– Results demonstrate that more forcing and avoiding leader conflict management behavior was related to more negative and less positive gossip about leaders. Moreover, more problem-solving and yielding leader conflict management behavior was related to less negative and more positive gossip. All relationships between leader conflict management behavior and follower gossip were mediated by followers’ experienced interactional justice.

Originality/value

– It is hoped that the findings put research on the broader implications of interactional justice in leader–follower interactions, and on gossip, on the research agenda of conflict researchers.
Exploring the boundaries of rhetoric
Authors: Bonet Eduard
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine how the boundaries of rhetoric have excluded important theoretical and practical subjects and how these subjects are recuperated and extended since the twentieth century. Its purpose is to foster the awareness on emerging new trends of rhetoric.

Design/methodology/approach

– The methodology is based on an interpretation of the history of rhetoric and on the construction of a conceptual framework of the rhetoric of judgment, which is introduced in this paper.

Findings

– On the subject of the extension of rhetoric from public speeches to any kinds of persuasive situations, the paper emphasizes some stimulating relationships between the theory of communication and rhetoric. On the exclusion and recuperation of the subject of rhetorical arguments, it presents the changing relationships between rhetoric and dialectics and emphasizes the role of rhetoric in scientific research. On the introduction of rhetoric of judgment and meanings it creates a conceptual framework based on a re-examination of the concept of judgment and the phenomenological foundations of the interpretative methods of social sciences by Alfred Schutz, relating them to symbolic interactionism and theories of the self.

Originality/value

– The study on the changing boundaries of rhetoric and the introduction of the rhetoric of judgment offers a new view on the present theoretical and practical development of rhetoric, which opens new subjects of research and new fields of applications.