bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preface to the Second Issue
Authors: Pal Umapada
Published: April 2023

I consider it my privilege to introduce the second issue of the Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIA) Journal. I extend my warm welcome to the second issue and thank all the authors of the papers included. The highlight of the second issue is the exploration of the latest AI techniques addressing the new challenges like text segmentation from the historical documents and images, developing smart sensing technologies, studying industrial revolution readiness among industry players, precipitation prediction, human-centric functional computing, Devanagari digit recognition, and the various multi-party agent issues by the papers in this issue. These are new and emerging applications with immense scope for the understanding of the niche areas and future directions. It would also motivate the readers to find new directions to solve future challenges. I am sure the pertinent issue will draw the attention of the numerous budding researchers from various disciplines including academics and industry.
Moreover, I think our journal has seized the right moment to release the second issue in resonance with the current flourishing of AI-based techniques and models which can solve more complex challenges and problems with great accuracy but with minimum expenses. For example, ChatGPT can solve problems related to natural language processing, and sometimes, it can even answer questions that do not have a solution at all. In the same way, 3D printers can be used to construct houses and buildings, etc. Therefore, one can expect an intelligent system could be able to overtake the human mind and thinking. I believe that the second issue and future issues of AIA will become a bellwether to human society.
Finally, I appreciate the team led by EiC of the AIA. They have put their efforts into making AIA a successful journal and reaching society through publishing innovative technologies to meet the current demands. Thus, I wish for the whole team and the authors to be part of the great journey of AIA.
“To Fast or not to Fast”: Religious Diversity and Peaceful Coexistence in Ghana
Authors: Assanful Vincent
Published: April 2023

During the 2021 Ramadan fasting, a controversy arose in the Wesley Girls‘ High School, Cape Coast that brought to the fore theneed to deepen the discussions on religious diversity and accommodation of different faiths in Ghanaian public schools. Thedisagreement stemmed from the fact that the school prevented a Muslim girl from engaging in the annual Muslim Ramadan fasting, with the excuse that it would affect the health of the child. The school, which was built by the Wesleyan Methodist Missionaries, had the support of the Methodist Church. The Muslim groupings in Ghana felt that the attempt to stop the Muslim girl from fasting was an infringement on her religious right to practise her religion. This paper discusses this dispute in the light of the religious pluralistic society of Ghana. The paper argues that the schools which were founded by the Christian Mission and are now fully run by the state should not be used as a proselytising tool to prevent children of other faiths from practising their faiths. The paper concludes that if this action of the school is allowed to fester, it could lead to disturbances that may threaten the religious diversity and peaceful co-existence that Ghana currently enjoys.
Clinical case report - The first successful simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huu Uoc , Phung Duy Hong Son , Pham Tien Quan , Pham Huu Lu , Nguyen Kim Dan , Nguyen Thi Lan Anh , Khong Tien Binh , Hoang Trong Hai , Nguyen Quoc Kinh , Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan , Trinh Ke Diep , Bui Thi Hanh , Hoang Thi Thu Ha , Trinh Thi Huyen , Le Nguyen Vu , Do Ngoc Son
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation is quite a popular type of multiorgan transplant in the world, considered an optimum treatment for end stage cardiorenal syndrome. This report presents first successful simultaneous heart-kidney transplant in Vietnam. A 37-year-old male patient with 10 years of chronic disease: end-stage heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy with 15-25% of left ventricular systolic function, and renal failure due to IgA nephropathy completely depended on dialysis. The patient underwent a simultaneous heart-kidney transplant from a brain-dead multiorgan donor on February 15, 2023 at Viet Duc University hospital. He had quick recovery of all cardiac and renal functions on 5 days afters transplant. This is the 2nd successful case of multiorgan transplant at Viet Duc hospital, but the first heart-kidney transplantation.
RUS MODERNLEŞMESİ VE EĞİTİM KURUMLARINDAKİ YANSIMALARI
Authors: Acar Kaplan Kezban
Published: April 2023

Batı Avrupa’da eğitimde dâhil birçok alanda modernizasyon ağırlıklı olarak Rönesans ve Reform döneminde gerçekleşirken, Rusya’da bu biraz daha geç bir dönemde ancak 18. yüzyılın başında görülmüştür. 17. yüzyılın sonunda tahta geçen I. Petro, nam-ı diğer Büyük Petro, Rusya’yı Batılı rakipleri karşısında güçlü bir ülke haline getirmek için birçok alanda reformlar yapmıştır. Eğitim de bu alanlardan biridir. Döneminde sadece birçok yeni okul açılmamış, aynı zamanda eğitime atfedilen anlam ve rol değişmiştir. Eğitim sadece modernize edilmiş devlet kurumlarına ve askeri kurumlara personel yetiştirmenin aracı değil, aynı zamanda özellikle aristokrat kültüründe toplumsal bir dönüşüm sağlamanın yoluydu. Bu “yeni” “modernleşmiş” aristokrat sınıfı, toplumsal döneminde taşıyıcı olarak görülmüştür.
Rusya’da modernleşmede rolü olan diğer isimler veya dönemler II. Katerina (1762-1794), I. Aleksandr (1801-1825) ve II. Aleksandr dönemleridir. İlk ikisi Aydınlanma Çağı ve Fransız İhtilali’nin etkisiyle eğitimin bireyi “aydınlatan” rolüne dikkat çekip, kadınları da içine alacak şekilde yaygınlaşması konusunda ilk adımları atarken, 1855-1881 yılları arasındaki II. Aleksandr döneminde birçok alanın yanı sıra eğitimde de bir dizi reform yapılmıştır. Petro döneminde modernleşme kapsamında ağırlıklı devletin ihtiyaç duyduğu asker ve sivil bürokratları yetiştirmeye yönelik eğitime ve daha çok aristokrat çocuklarının eğitimine önem verilirken, diğer dönemlerde eğitimin hem niteliği hem kapsamı ile ilgili bazı düzenlemeler yapılmış, eğitimin yaygınlaşması ve erişilebilir olması konusunda önemli gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen dönemlerde hem modernleşme eğitim ilişkisine değinilecek hem de eğitimdeki reformlara yer verilecektir. Bu yapılırken dönemler arasında bazı kıyaslamalar yapılarak, Rusya’daki modernleşme faaliyetlerinin eğitimdeki yansımaları değerlendirilecek ve analiz edilecektir. Bu bağlamda modernleşme politikalarında eğitime atfedilen öneme ve role de ayrıca yer verilecektir.
Task Oriented Training Interventions for Adults With Stroke to Improve ADL and Functional Mobility Performance (2012–2019)
Authors: Geller Daniel , Goldberg Carly , Winterbottom Lauren , Nilsen Dawn M. , Mahoney Danielle , Gillen Glen
Published: April 2023

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each Systematic Review Brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This Systematic Review Brief presents findings from the systematic review on interventions to improve activities of daily living (ADL) and functional mobility performance for people with stroke. This theme reports on task-oriented training interventions.
EXPLORATION OF FORMING AN ECOLOGICAL ECO-ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION PLANNING SYSTEM: TAKING THE SUINING CITY AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Hanyuan Li , Qiye Luo , Hongyi Guo , Shuting Xiao
Published: April 2023

In recent years, environmental protection is attached great importance in our country. Beginning with San Ya's pilot in December 2015, our country has spread out a series of works about “Urban dual maintenance” by President Xi with “ecological restoration and urban renovation” as the core. After that in February 2018, “Park City” has been promoted first in Chengdu, a lot of cities followed， which chieved good results in sustainable development. In the procedure of urban planning and construction, Suining highly emphasized ecological protection and attached attention to various urban disease. Through the construction of “sponge city”, which seen as an important means to realize the idea of “Urban dual maintenance”“Park City”, and played an important role in urban planning management was completed. Suining has a strong will to form an Ecological Environment Protection Planning System, and it`s certain that Suining has finished and achieved several results in the protection of urban ecological environment. This article focuses on the work of environmental protection in recent years of Suining, especially centering on the planning and construction measures of “Park City”. The measures implemented in the planning management, the environmental protection strategy in the planning preparation, and the promotion of the “sponge city” are also summarized. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the environment in Suining, some other small and medium-sized cities on the waterfront like Suining can get experiences in environmental protection. In the long run, to build an Environment Protection Planning System is meaningful for small and medium-sized cities. Summarizing characteristics, analyzing problems, summing up experience, putting forward suggestions, and concluding the core ideas of “Park City”, so the means and systems applied to some other small and medium- sized cities in the future can be summarized.
Ethnomedicinal Plants Used by Middle-Aged Residents in San Antonio, Tandag City, Surigao Del Sur, PhilippinesFull Text
Authors: Orillaneda Kenneth Neil O. , Acero Dr. Liwayway H.
Published: April 2023

People all around the globe are always looking for ways to use plants as medicines to treat various ills and diseases. The study on medicinal plants and their traditional usage is currently popular around the world. Moreover, with the arising diseases and the need for more cost-effective medications, documentation of the claimed medicinal plants by local communities is vital because it will open a lot of opportunities for the discovery and improvement of new and affordable plant-based medicines. In the province of Surigao del Sur Philippines, the older generation are the ones who apply their traditional knowledge on the use of herbal plants. Thus, this study limits on the middle-aged residents in the village of San Antonio, Tandag City in Surigao del Sur Philippines on their use of traditional knowledge in using herbal plants. Forty-six respondents were chosen following the convenient sampling technique. Gathered data on demographic profile of the respondents, plant part used, methods used in the preparation of herbal plant, name of ailments was quantified using descriptive statistics (frequency, sum, and percentage). Likewise, calculation of used value was determined using percentage. Correlation between the age and gender to methods of plant parts used were done using Pearson Correlation. A total of 46 (7 males and 39 females) served as respondents in this study. Highest number of respondents belonged to ages 45 to 49. Almost one third of the respondents residing in the said barangay for 41-50 years. Meanwhile, most of the respondents were using medicinal plants for 1-10 years. It was also found that most of the respondents obtained their source of ethnomedicinal knowledge from their ancestors. Twenty-three medicinal plants from 15 families, the majority of which belonged to the Lamiaceae genus were used as herbal plants. Most of these plants are collected as herbs and shrubs. Leaves are commonly harvested for use and taken orally as decoctions. Viral diseases (cough and cold) were the most dominant ailments treated by the herbal plants. Oregano/Kalabo (Coleus aromaticus) had the highest use-value). It further shows that age is correlated with the changes to the methods of plant preparation while gender is not correlated. The study shows that despite increased urbanization, the village of San Antonio still has a range of plant species with medicinal importance. Thus, in the context of a wider local use as well as possible scientific and pharmaceutical applications, these herbal plants might be further examined for safety and efficacy.
Security Culture, Top Management, and Training on Security Effectiveness: A Correlational Study Without CISSP Participants
Authors: Porche Joshua , Rahman Shawon
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between four variables (predictive constructs of top management, awareness and training, security culture, and task interdependence) and an information program's security effectiveness. The difference between this study and previous research is the exclusion of information technology (IT) security professionals with Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) certifications. In contrast, participants in previous research were IT professionals with CISSP certifications. The research question asked to what extent is there a statistically significant correlation between each of the four predictive constructs and security effectiveness. This study made the same correlational determination between the independent variables and the dependent variable construct using a study population of 155 Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) members. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques to analyze relationships. The same previously used instruments were reused to reassess these particular participants. The results of SEM revealed that there was a significant relationship between security culture and security effectiveness. Similarly, significant relationships were found between top management, awareness and training, security culture, and security effectiveness, which repeated similar findings from previous research. A post hoc test was conducted using path analysis to reaffirm the direct causal relationship between security culture and security effectiveness that was also previously researched with similar results. The results demonstrated that security culture is a significant influence regardless of the participants' perception of a security professional with or without CISSP certification. The implications of this can greatly affect reorganizational structure changes focused on developing security culture as an investment and a much-targeted construct focused on by future researchers. This could result in humandepartments or functional managers realigning staff positions to concentrate on spreading security culture among fellow employees who affect cybersecurity either directly or indirectly in the workplace.
Blockchain Technology Adoption Effect Onknowledge Management State of the Art Survey
Authors: Rawan Alshawy , Omer Alrwais
Published: April 2023

The International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains ( IJMVSC ) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of value and supply chain management. The journal provides a platform to disseminate new ideas and new research, advance theories, and propagate best practices in the management of value and supply chain management, looking across both product and service-based businesses. This will include works based in service management, logistics and distribution, operations management, process management, flow control, and customer service. The journal offers a forum in which academics, consultants, and practitioners in a variety of fields can exchange ideas to further research and improve practices in all areas of business. The International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains ( IJMVSC ) seek to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in the management of both product and service-based organizations around the world.
Dynamic SDN Controller Placement based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Shen Fan , Perigo Levi
Published: April 2023

Software-defined Networking (SDN) is a revolutionary network architecture whose benefits stem partly from separating the data plane and control plane. In this scheme, the control functionalities are relocated to a logically centralized SDN controller which makes efficient and globally optimal forwarding decisions for network devices. Despite the fact that network virtualization technologies enable elastic capacity engineering and seamless fault recovery of the SDN controller, an optimal controller placement strategy that can adapt to changes in networks is an important but underexplored research topic. This paper proposes a novel deep reinforcement learning-based model that dynamically and strategically adjusts the location of the controller to minimize the OpenFlow latency in a virtualized environment. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy out performs both a random strategy and a generic strategy. Furthermore, this paper provides detailed instructions on how to implement the proposed model in realworld software-defined networks.
La reintegración en la Ley concursal y las hipotecas a favor de entidades de crédito
Authors: Iglesias Escudero Santiago
Published: April 2023

La inseguridad jurídica que provocaba el artículo 878.2 del Código de Comercio, relativo al régimen de retroacción de la quiebra, antes de la entrada en vigor de la Ley Concursal (LC), hizo necesario el reconocimiento de determinadas excepciones en el ámbito financiero, como las relativas al mercado de titulización, contempladas en la Ley 2/1981, de Regulación del Mercado Hipotecario (LMH), que reconoce un régimen especial privilegiado para las hipotecas inscritas a favor de las entidades de crédito (EC), al establecer que estas solo podrían ser impugnadas por la administración concursal demostrando la existencia de fraude en su constitución. La LC, que implantó un sistema de acciones rescisorias sustentado en el concepto de perjuicio patrimonial, mantuvo el privilegio reconocido a las EC mediante la inclusión de la LMH como legislación especial en su disposición adicional segunda. Disposición que se modificó posteriormente para extender su ámbito de aplicación al concurso de sus contrapartes e incluir el artículo 10 de la LMH (RD-Ley 3/2009), dejando fuera de dudas la especial protección de dichas hipotecas.En nuestra opinión, con el régimen de acciones de reintegración regulado en la LC deja de estar justificado el privilegio que representa el artículo 10 de la LMH para las EC, pues la LC no regula un sistema de nulidad absoluta, sino uno de reintegración mediante el ejercicio de acciones rescisorias, conforme a las exigencias comunitarias y compatible con las necesidades de seguridad jurídica que demanda el mercado. Por otra parte, creemos que la exigencia de la demostración de fraude para la impugnación de las garantías hipotecarias supone una excepción al espíritu de la LC que puede desembocar en dificultades probatorias de carácter práctico (prueba diabólica) que, en último término, se traducen en un privilegio para las EC.
Algunos retos actuales en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea
Authors: Sarrión Esteve Joaquín
Published: April 2023

El Tribunal de Justicia ha comenzado a utilizar la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea como un instrumento con fuerza jurídica equivalente al Tratado, a la vez que amplía el ámbito de su control jurisdiccional y su posición como garante de los derechos fundamentales en la Unión Europea. Sin embargo, esto debería ir acompañado de una auténtica garantía de los mismos y una pormenorizada justificación de sus límites y restricciones, lo que no parece evidente en todos los casos.
Aspectos controvertidos del contrato de selección de personal
Authors: Rodríguez Ruiz De Villa Daniel
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo ha obtenido el Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 2011 en la modalidad de DERECHO CIVIL Y MERCANTIL.
La selección de personal es, cada vez más, un proceso que las empresas españolas encargan a unas empresas especializadas, las selectoras de personal. Ello ha generado la aparición de un nuevo contrato atípico, el de selección de personal, que es preciso analizar en cuanto a los aspectos más conflictivos que viene planteando en la práctica, con especial atención a la situación que respecto del mismo ocupa jurídicamente el candidato participante en el proceso de selección. Todo ello con la vista puesta en que en un futuro próximo lo deseable, en términos de seguridad jurídica, es que se alcance una regulación legal expresa del citado contrato.
Vida privada y protección de datos en relación con la polémica de los libros de bautismo
Authors: Sarrión Esteve Joaquín
Published: April 2023

La protección de datos constituye un derecho fundamental que, si bien vinculado a la esfera privada de los individuos, goza de entidad propia, y se entiende como un haz de facultades que implican el poder de disposición de los datos, esto es, el derecho a que se solicite el previo consentimiento para su recogida y uso, así como el derecho de acceso, rectificación y cancelación de los mismos. Derecho que en España está basado en el artículo 18.4 de la Constitución Española, y del que deriva la facultad de cancelación al amparo de la Ley Orgánica 15/1999, de Protección de Datos de Carácter Personal.
En este trabajo estudiamos si este derecho puede afectar a los Libros de Bautismo de la Iglesia Católica o es más bien la libertad religiosa, que se contempla como derecho o libertad fundamental en el artículo 16 de la Constitución Española, la que debería tenerse en cuenta en relación con los Libros de Bautismo. Debemos considerar que esta libertad podría jugar desde dos perspectivas distintas, o, dicho de otro modo, respecto de dos titulares diferentes: por un lado la Iglesia Católica que considerada como confesión constituye un colectivo de fieles que ostenta la libertad religiosa y tiene derecho a la protección de la misma frente a agresiones externas; pero también la libertad religiosa del individuo, que se concretaría en la posibilidad de pertenecer o no a dicha confesión y en cualquier momento a abandonarla, y las posibles consecuencias de esta decisión en relación con los Libros de Bautismo.
De la nave de saufeyo a la quiebra de Lehman Brothers
Authors: Lyczkowska Karolina
Published: April 2023

El trabajo presentado es una reflexión jurídica transversal relativa a la subsistencia de derechos de propiedad sobre bienes fungibles mezclados entre sí, en hipótesis bien actuales, como la que ha tenido lugar con la resolución del concurso de Forum Filatélico y las reclamaciones infructuosas de los adquirentes de sellos no individualizados. Su punto de partida es la exégesis de un pasaje del Digesto en el que el jurista romano Alfeno VARO presenta la historia del navegante Saufeyo, que pierde el cargamento de trigo debido al naufragio del barco, si bien antes de la catástrofe entrega su parte a uno de los mercaderes. En el trabajo se defiende que los demás comerciantes tienen un derecho real a una parte proporcional del trigo salvado en aplicación de la regla de la conmixtio, en oposición a la solución que tradicionalmente se ofrece en el caso de los depósitos bancarios. A continuación, se compara la situación de Saufeyo con la de los inversores en el Mercado de Valores y se concluye que su régimen, y en especial, la reforma de la Ley del Mercado de Valores del año 2011, permiten trasladar la misma conclusión a las situaciones de quiebra del intermediarios, tales como Lehman Brothers.
El procedimiento sancionador en el orden social y las competencias sancionadoras en materia de Seguridad Social
Authors: Moreu Ballonga Elena
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo aborda la normativa sancionadora que, en el orden social, desde el peculiar ángulo de su especialidad, ha reflejado los cambios habidos en el ordenamiento administrativo español en las últimas décadas. Desde el Reglamento Real Decreto 928/1998, de 14 de marzo, vigente aún hoy con diversas modificaciones, el aspecto que más cambios ha experimentado ha sido el de los órganos que ejercen las competencias sancionadoras, por las transferencias habidas desde los que las tenían atribuidas en la Administración periférica del Estado hacia los nuevos creados en las comunidades autónomas. En este artículo se analizan los efectos imprevistos de esa deriva, tales como la dispersión de las competencias en materia de Seguridad Social según los diversos tipos infractores entre varios órganos resolutorios, sin responder a una sistemática racional, creando un panorama competencial de indudable inseguridad jurídica.
Al encuentro con el legado de los mártires de la UCA
Authors: Sobrino Jon
Published: April 2023

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Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 36, No. 108, 2019: 233-243.
The effectiveness of the use of biological products in the technology of growing tomatoes in protected ground
Authors: Zubkova Tatyana , Butov Alexey , Vinogradov Dmitry , Gogmachadze Guladi
Published: April 2023

An important issue in vegetable growing is obtaining environmentally friendly and high-yielding products throughout the year. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effective-ness of biological products in the technology of growing tomatoes in greenhouses. The studies were carried out in 2021-2022 in the conditions of the YSU greenhouse. I.A. Bunin. A compara-tive evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of biopreparations of the GumiAgro and BSKA-3 series on Merlis hybrid tomato plants was carried out. The maximum height of plants was noted on the variants treated with the preparation of the BSCa-3 series. The difference compared to the control after the 1st treatment was 1.3 cm, after the 2nd - 3.3 cm, after the 3rd - 7.4 cm, after the last - 8.4 cm. it was noted that tomatoes treated with biopreparations of the GumiAgro and BSKa-3 series in the 1st month of harvest exceeded the control in terms of weight and diameter. The maximum yield was observed when treated with BSKa-3, which exceeded the control by 2.6 kg/m2, and with GumiAgro by 0.9 kg/m2. Keywords: TOMATO, PROTECTED SOIL, QUALITY, BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS, YIELD
İbn Kayyim el-Cevziyye’nin Tahrîf Anlayışı
Authors: GÖÇMEN Akif
Published: April 2023

Tahrîf, Yahudilerin ve Hıristiyanların kendi kutsal kitaplarını değiştirdiklerine dair kendilerine yöneltilen en temel İslâmî argü-man ve polemik geleneğinde tartışılan en önemli konulardan biridir. İbn Kayyim el-Cevziyye (ö. 751/1350) Ortaçağ’da İslâm dünyasının önde gelen reddiye yazarların-dandır. İbn Kayyim’in Yahudilere ve Hıristi-yanlara bir reddiye olarak yazdığı Hidâyetü’l-Hayârâ fî Ecvibeti’l-Yehûd ve’n-Nasârâ adlı eserinde incelediği konulardan biri Yahudi ve Hıristiyan kutsal metinlerinin tahrîfidir. Bu çalışmada İbn Kayyim’in polemiğindeki tahrîfle ilgili görüşlerini ve teolojik Kitab-ı Mukaddes eleştirilerini ele alarak İslâm reddiye geleneğindeki yerini ve önemini tespit ve analiz etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla onun tahrîf anlayışı ve görüşleri deskriptif ve mukayese metotlarıyla incelenip değerlendi-rilmiştir. İbn Kayyim’in görüşleri İslâmî gelenekteki tahrîf anlayışını ve kendisinden sonraki âlimleri etkilemiş ve bu geleneğe de yansımıştır. İbn Kayyim İslâmî kaynaklar ile Yahudi ve Hıristiyan kutsal metinlerinden hareketle Yahudi ve Hıristiyan kutsal metin-lerinin otantik metinlerinin çoğu kısmının lafız ve mana yönünden tahrîf edildiği sonu-cuna varmış ve bunu teolojik ve rasyonel delillerle ayrıntılı olarak ortaya koymuştur.
Rapid assimilations of O3 observations – Part 2: tropospheric O3 changes in the United States and Europe in 2005–2020
Authors: Zhu Rui , Tang Zhaojun , Chen Xiaokang , Jiang Zhe , Liu Xiong
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations have declined dramatically over the United States (US) and Europe in recent decades. Here we investigate the changes in surface and free tropospheric O3 associated with NO2 changes over the US and Europe in 2005–2020 by assimilating the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), and US Air Quality System (AQS) and European AirBase network O3 observations. The assimilated O3 concentrations demonstrate good agreement with O3 observations: surface O3 concentrations are 41.4, 39.5 and 39.5 ppb (US) and 35.3, 32.0 and 31.6 ppb (Europe); and tropospheric O3 columns are 35.5, 37.0 and 36.8 DU (US) and 32.8, 35.3 and 36.4 DU (Europe) in the simulations, assimilations and observations, respectively. We find overestimated summertime surface O3 concentrations over the US and Europe, which resulted in a surface O3 maximum in July–August in simulations in contrast to April in observations. Furthermore, our analysis exhibits limited changes in surface O3 concentrations, i.e., decreased by -6 % over the US and increased by 1.5 % over Europe in 2005–2020. The surface observation-based assimilations suggest insignificant changes in tropospheric O3 columns: -3.0 % (US) and 1.5 % (Europe) in 2005–2020. While the OMI-based assimilations exhibit larger decreases in tropospheric O3 columns, -12.0 % (US) and -15.0 % (Europe) in 2005–2020, the decreases mainly occurred in 2010–2014, corresponding to the reported slowed declines in free tropospheric NO2. Our analysis thus suggests limited impacts of local emission declines on tropospheric O3 over the US and Europe and advises more efforts to evaluate the possible contributions of natural sources and transport.
Feasibility Analysis of Optimal THz bands for passive limb sounding of middle and upper atmospheric wind
Authors: Wang Wenyu , Xu Jian , Wang Zhenzhan
Published: April 2023

Abstract. As of now, direct measurements of middle and upper atmospheric wind are still scarce, and the observation method is limited, especially for the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere. A new method to derive line-of-sight wind from 30 to more than 120 km is proposed using a high-resolution Terahertz (THz) radiometer, which can fill the measurement gap between lidar and interferometer. Simulations from 0.1 THz to 5 THz for evaluating the feasibility of the spaceborne THz limb sounder are performed in this study. The results show that high-precision wind (better than 5 m s−1) can be obtained from 40 to 70 km by covering a cluster of strong O3 lines. By choosing strong O2 or H2O lines, the high-quality measurement can be extended to 105 km. The O atom (OI) lines can provide wind signals in the higher atmosphere. In addition, performance of different instrument parameters include resolution, bandwidth and measurement noise are analyzed and four different band combinations are suggested at last.
Characterizing the near-global cloud vertical structures over land using high-resolution radiosonde measurements
Authors: Xu Hui , Guo Jianping , Tong Bing , Zhang Jinqiang , Chen Tianmeng , Guo Xiaoran , Zhang Jian , Chen Wenqing
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Cloud remains one of the largest uncertainties in weather and climate research due to the lack of fine-resolution observations of cloud vertical structure (CVS) on large scale. In this research, near-global CVS is characterized by high-vertical-resolution twice daily radiosonde observations from 374 stations over land. It is found that the cloud base heights (CBHs) from the radiosondes have a higher correlation coefficient (R = 0.91) with the millimeter wavelength cloud radar than that with the ERA5 reanalysis (R = 0.49). Overall, cloudy skies occur 65.3 % (69.5 %) of the time, of which 55.4 % (53.8 %) are one-layer clouds at 0000 (1200) UTC. Most multi-layer clouds are two-layer clouds, accounting for 62.2 % (61.1 %) among multi-layer clouds for 0000 (1200) UTC. Geographically, one-layer clouds tend to occur over arid regions, whereas two-layer clouds do not show any clear spatial preference. The cloud bases and tops over arid regions are higher compared with humid regions albeit with smaller cloud thickness (CT). Clouds tend to have lower bases and thinner layer thicknesses as the number of cloud layer increases. The global mean CT, CBH, and cloud top height (CTH) are 4.89 ± 1.36 (5.37 ± 1.58), 3.15 ± 1.15 (3.07 ± 1.06), and 8.04 ± 1.60 (8.44 ± 1.52) km above ground level (AGL) at 0000 (1200) UTC, respectively. The occurrence frequency of clouds is bimodal with lower peaks between 0.5 and 3 km AGL and upper peaks between 6 and 10 km AGL. The CBH, CTH and CT undergo almost the same seasonality that their magnitudes are greater in the boreal summer than in the winter. As expected, the occurrence frequencies of clouds exhibit pronounced diurnal cycles in different seasons. In boreal summer, clouds tend to form as sun rises and the occurrence frequencies increase from morning to later afternoon, with the peak in the early afternoon at altitudes 6–12 km; while in boreal winter, clouds have peak occurrence frequencies in the morning. The relations between surface meteorological variables and moisture with CBH are investigated as well, showing that CBH are generally more significantly correlated with 2 m RH (RH2m) and 2 m T (T2m) than with surface pressure and 10 m wind speed. Larger T2m and smaller RH2m always correspond to higher CBH. In most cases CBHs are negatively correlated to soil water content. The near-global CVS obtained from high-vertical-resolution radiosonde in this study can provide key data support for improving the accuracy of cloud radiative forcing simulation in climate models.
Ecosystem connections in the shelf sea environment using complex networks
Authors: Higgs Ieuan , Skákala Jozef , Bannister Ross , Carrassi Alberto , Ciavatta Stefano
Published: April 2023

Abstract. We use complex network theory to better represent and understand the ecosystem connectivity in a shelf-sea environment. The baseline data used for the analysis are obtained from a state-of-the art coupled marine physics-biogeochemistry model simulating the North-West European Shelf (NWES). The complex network built on model outputs is used to identify the functional types of variables behind the biogeochemistry dynamics, suggesting how to simplify our understanding of the complex web of interactions within the shelf-sea ecosystem. We demonstrate that complex networks can be also used to understand spatial ecosystem connectivity, both identifying the (geographically varying) connectivity lengthscales and the clusters of spatial locations that are connected. These clusters indicate geographic regions where there is a substantial flow of information between the degrees of freedom within the ecosystem, while information exchange across the boundaries of these regions is limited. The results of this study help to understand how natural, or antrophogenic, perturbations propagate through the shelf-sea ecosystem, and can be used in multiple future applications such as stochastic noise modelling, data assimilation, or machine learning.
Variation and Trend of Nitrate radical reactivity towards volatile organic compounds in Beijing, China
Authors: Hu Hejun , Wang Haichao , Lu Keding , Wang Jie , Zheng Zelong , Xu Xuezhen , Zhai Tianyu , Chen Xiaorui , Lu Xiao , Qin Momei , Li Xin , Zeng Limin , Hu Min , Zhang Yuanhang
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Nitrate radical (NO3) is an important nocturnal atmospheric oxidant in the troposphere, which significantly affects the lifetime of pollutants emitted by anthropogenic and biological activities, especially volatile organic compounds (VOC). Here, we used one-year VOC observation data obtained in urban Beijing in 2019 to look insight to the level, compositions and seasonal variation of NO3 reactivity (kNO3). We show the hourly kNO3 towards measured VOC highly varied from <10-4 to 0.083 s-1 with campaign-averaged value (± standard deviation) of 0.0032 ± 0.0042 s-1. There was large seasonal difference in NO3 reactivity towards VOC with the average of 0.0024 ± 0.0026 s-1, 0.0067 ± 0.0066 s-1, 0.0042 ± 0.0037 s-1, 0.0027 ± 0.0028 s-1 from spring to winter. Alkenes such as isoprene and styrene accounted for the majority. Isoprene was the dominant species in spring, summer, and autumn, accounting for 40.0 %, 77.2 % and 43.2 %, respectively. Styrene only played a leading role in winter with the percentage of 39.8 %. Sensitivity study shows monoterpenes, the species we did not measure, may account a large fraction of kNO3. Based on the correlation between the calculated kNO3 and VOC concentrations in 2019, we established localized parameterization schemes for predicting the reactivity by only using a part of VOC species. The historical published VOC data was collected to reconstruct the long-term NO3 reactivity in Beijing by the parameterization method. The downward trend of kNO3 during 2011–2020 may be responded to the reduction of anthropogenic VOC emission. At last, we revealed that NO3 dominated the nocturnal VOC oxidation with 83 % on the annual average in Beijing in 2019, which varied seasonally and was strongly regulated by the level of kNO3, nitrogen oxide and ozone. Our results improve the understanding of nocturnal atmospheric oxidation in urban regions, and gain the knowledge of nocturnal VOC oxidation and secondary organic pollution.
Inform@Risk. The Development of a Prototype for an Integrated Landslide Early Warning System in an Informal Settlement: the Case of Bello Oriente in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Werthmann Christian , Sapena Marta , Kühnl Marlene , Singer John , Garcia Carolina , Menschik Bettina , Schäfer Heike , Schröck Sebastian , Seiler Lisa , Thuro Kurosch , Taubenböck Hannes
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The global number of vulnerable citizens in areas of landslide risk is expected to increase due to the twin forces of climate change and growing urbanization. Self-constructed or informal settlements are, due to shortage of urban land, frequently built in hazardous terrain such as landslide-prone slopes. They are characterized by high dynamics of growth, simple construction methods, strong social dynamics, and are exposed to unsteady political approaches. Landslide Early Warning Systems (LEWS) can contribute to decrease their vulnerability, but precise, affordable and culturally integrated LEWS need to be further developed. In this paper, we present a four-year living lab research project that aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a LEWS in the neighborhood of Bello Oriente, located in the urban-rural border of Medellín, Colombia. Its research team is composed of landscape architects, geo-engineers, remote sensing and geo-informatic experts. The research team collaborated with a multitude of stakeholders: civil society, private enterprises, non-governmental agencies and various branches of government. A prototypical LEWS has been designed, implemented and handed over to the government. It has entered a test and calibration phase. First findings indicate that the integrative development of technical aspects of a LEWS in informal settlements can be challenging, but manageable; whereas, the social and political support can vary and be beyond the control of the designer. It can be concluded that a resilient LEWS for informal settlements has to achieve sufficient social and technical redundancy to maintain basic functionality even in a reduced support scenario.
Revealing inflow and wake conditions of a 6MW floating turbine
Authors: Angelou Nikolas , Mann Jakob , Dubreuil-Boisclair Camille
Published: April 2023

Abstract. We investigate the characteristics of the inflow and the wake of a 6MW floating wind turbine from the Hywind Scotland offshore wind farm, the world's first floating wind farm. We use two commercial nacelle-mounted lidars to measure the up- and downwind conditions, with a fixed and a scanning measuring geometry, respectively. In the analysis, the effect of the surge and sway motion of the nacelle on the lidar measuring location is taken into account. The upwind conditions are parameterised in terms of the mean horizontal wind vector at hub height, the shear and veer of the wind profile along the upper part of the rotor and the induction of the wind turbine rotor. The wake characteristics are studied in two narrow wind speed intervals 8.5–9.5 ms-1 and 12.5–13.5 ms-1, corresponding to below and above rotor rated speeds, respectively, and for turbulence intensity values between 3.3 %–6.4 %. The wake flow is measured by a wind lidar scanning in a horizontal plan position indicator mode, which reaches ten rotor diameters downwind. This study focuses on the downstream area between 3 and 8 rotor diameters. In this region, our observations show that the transverse profile of the wake can be adequately described by a self-similar wind speed deficit, that follows a Gaussian distribution. We find that even small variations (∼1 %–2 %) of the ambient turbulence intensity can result in an up to 10 % faster wake recovery. Furthermore, we do not observe any additional spread of the wake due to the motion of the floating wind turbine.
Le ‘Indie’ della peste: il contributo gesuita all’ampliamento semantico del concetto di ‘martirio’
Authors: Isidori Sonia
Published: April 2023

The Jesuit theological reflection has played an important role in the long process of redefining the semantic extension of the term ‘martyrdom’. The originality of the Jesuit contribution on the topic is evident in the reflection on the “martyrio per pestem”. Through the study of two consolatory letters written by General Muzio Vitelleschi and the analysis of the “litterae indipetae” it is possible to trace the fourth directive of action of the Jesuit missionary magisterium, the “Indies of the plague”, and to clarify the importance and vividness of Jesuit discussion on the martyrdom for charity.
Weather Induced Risks, Mitigation Strategies and Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in Flood Insurance Scheme in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Rashed , Ali Waqas , Nadeem Abdul Majeed
Published: April 2023

Affordable insurance coverage remains a challenge in many economies demanding public-private support to mitigate disaster risks. The private sector can play an important role in creating public awareness to adopt financial protection against these risks. The lack of insurance penetration is common in developing countries and needs a careful innovative initiative in the agricultural sector specifically. Keeping in view the success of flood insurance schemes globally, it may be a viable option to help rural farmers during recurring catastrophic events in Pakistan. Present research study was conducted to evaluate weather-induced risks, farmers’ mitigation strategies and determining factors affecting the willingness of the farmers to adopt flood insurance schemes. The study used primary data randomly collected through a field survey from 240 farmers of three disaster-hit districts of Punjab during 2018-19. Binary regression was applied to estimate the results. The results of descriptive statistics show that most farmers (80%) consider floods a major weather-induced threat. At the farm level, money savings, diversified agriculture and keeping a high plinth of the house were among the main strategies to mitigate the risks of flood disasters. Factors like education level, off-farm earnings and involvement of farmers in other mitigation programs had a positive and significant contribution to enhancing willingness to participate in a flood insurance scheme. In contrast, higher land size, farmers relying on credit facilities, more contact with agriculture extension staff, and raised houses/plinth of the house were negatively affecting the adoption of flood insurance schemes. The findings can guide the agricultural policymakers and National Disaster Management Authorities towards improving their efforts to mitigate the negative impacts of floods and enhancing the willingness to adopt crop insurance schemes. These findings and measures can promote private insurance companies to propagate their initiatives for public welfare through the launch of insurance schemes more progressively.
Las prácticas en el primer ciclo del nivel inicial : entre el "maternaje" : la responsabilidad educativa y los diferentes tipos de familia
Authors: Cepeda Agustina
Published: April 2023

El siguiente Proyecto se encuentra enmarcado en la carrera de Posgrado Especialización en Nuevas Infancias y Juventudes dictada por la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Resulta necesario aclarar que en el presente escrito, se hará uso del Lenguaje Inclusivo, no solo por un posicionamiento personal sino también por estar fundamentado por la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas de la UNICEN. El mismo se posiciona ante la búsqueda de reconocimiento de los derechos de todas las personas que componen la sociedad y plantea que nombrarlas se torna imperioso y un acto de justicia. La perspectiva patriarcal siempre invisibilizó a las mujeres y a las disidencias sexuales, las ocultó y las negó, pero ahí han estado siempre (2019). El equipo de trabajo que elaboró dicha fundamentación sostiene que la lengua evoluciona y toma también un posicionamiento político, quienes somos hablantes hacemos la lengua y su construcción es previa a la institucionalización. La lengua es flexible y necesitamos de herramientas para poder entender a las personas, por eso necesitamos habilitar el uso de otras formas de lenguas vivas. La temática elegida surge a partir de cursar los diferentes seminarios y, en especial los que abordan temáticas afines en relación a los tipos de familia, las cuestiones de género y las prácticas pedagógicas llevadas a cabo en el Nivel Inicial, en el cual me desenvuelvo como profesional de la educación desde hace más de 12 años. Lo que se pretende problematizar es, dentro de este tránsito por el Nivel Inicial, estos primeros años llamados Jardín Maternal y el mismo como categoría constructora de conocimientos y sentidos que involucran cuestiones de género como también, los estereotipos de crianza referidos a la madre maestra. Conocer y cuestionar las representaciones sociales tanto de les docentes como de las familias acerca de lo que se espera al interior de dichas instituciones. Párrafo extraído de la tesis a modo de resumen.
Scientific misconduct (Fraud, falsification, fabrication and plagiarism)
Authors: Braga Carla
Published: April 2023

We live in a historic moment in which the boundaries between true and false become porous and the differentiation between fact and fiction is destabilized, for example, in the context of the so-called “fake news”. At a global level, social movements and in some cases even governments, have assumed denialist and even “anti-science” positions, as occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic or in the face of climate change. We also see a reduction in funding for research in several countries. Trust in science, as well as the credibility of the knowledge production process, has been called into question, making the issue of integrity crucial in the process of scientific research and academic writing. Although it may seem redundant and even repetitive, a categorization of what constitutes fraud in science was presented, which included fabrication and falsification of data as well as co-authorship by authority. They also referred to various types of plagiarism, including self-plagiarism. However, it has been argued that the excessive and reductive focus on fraud can make invisible a number of other topics of crucial importance with regard to integrity in scientific research. Among these absences are, for example, the power relations between the global North and the South in terms of knowledge production, as well as the premises for collaborative research based on honesty. At a global level, the intensification of the search for research participants, or rather their bodies, to carry out clinical trials, implies taking a critical look at the practices of these studies when they are implemented in the global South. Likewise, it is important to pay attention to the growing commodification of “life itself”, which concepts such as biocapital or bioavailability try to capture.