bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Security
Authors: Konverskyi Anatolii , Nesterova Mariia , Nosenok Bohdana , Kharkovschenko Yevhen , Predko Olena
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has led to reform in the religious security of the world as a whole. Existing research on the problem is based on approaches that are purely informational and non–systemic, which limits the possibilities of understanding the problem to the context of the “religion–person–state” system. Restrictions on visits to places of worship have to some extent diminished the importance of religious practices. Pandemic threats have called into question the authority of religion and religious figures. The proposed methodological tools make it possible to fully substantiate the criteria of both destructive (which under certain circumstances can be a threat to the national interests of the state, the stable development of society, the exercise of the rights and freedoms of citizens) and constructive cases (the emergence of new communication contexts in which ritual and cult practice can take place) for the development of religious security and its historical genesis in the context of the meaning–forming axis “sacred–profane”, “health–disease”. The coronavirus pandemic, firstly, encouraged religious organizations to adopt new adaptive forms for cult practices; secondly, it changed the approach to religious ministry in society, to the role of the priest in this process; thirdly, it raised the question of the implementation of sacraments and rituals in uncommon circumstances; fourthly, it has exacerbated the issue of ineffective relations between religious organizations both at the interfaith level and at the level of public administration; fifthly, it affected the modernization process of religious communication practices which are not a health threat to the people. These new trends made possible not only the expansion of the functionality of religious security, but also prompted the creation of a flexible, adaptive, open model, which would take into account the regulatory, institutional, resource, and information capabilities of the country, as well as the mentality of the people.
Isusova ostavljenost na križu i kršćansko razumijevanje Boga kao trojstvenoga zajedništva
Authors: Pehar Marija , Lazić Vjeran
Published: November 2021

Isusova objava Boga kao trojstvenoga zajedništva u ovom je radu promišljana polazeći od njegove osamljenosti i razdvojenosti od Oca u trenutku smrti na križu, izražene vapajem »Bože moj, Bože moj, zašto si me ostavio?« (Mk 15,34; Mt 27,46). Prvi dio rada donosi kritičku egzegezu navedenih redaka u grčkom izvorniku, te istovremeno kao opravdano otvara pitanje može li se stvarna Isusova napuštenost od nebeskoga Oca razumjeti i kao bitna kritika kršćanskoga nauka o Bogu kao neraskidivom zajedništvu ljubavi. Stoga su u drugom dijelu dobiveni egzegetski rezultati uspoređeni s kršćanskim trinitarnim naukom, i to kroz prikaz trinitarno–teoloških doprinosa Moltmanna i Balthasara. U trećem se dijelu kroz pneumatološku dimenziju i soteriološko usmjerenje trinitarnoga nauka ukazuje na istinski trinitarno–teološki potencijal Isusove realne osamljenosti u smrti na križu i mogućnost novoga tumačenja Boga kao ljubavi.
Extremely Rapid Response to Pembrolizumab in a SMARCA4 Mutant PD-L1 Highly Expressive Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Lili , Zhu Xiuming , Pan Hongming , Liu Lili
Published: November 2021

SMARCA4 mutant non-small cell lung cancer (SMARCA4m-NSCLC) has a poor prognosis owing to rapid growth. Effective treatments for SMARCA4m-NSCLC have not yet been established. Recently, many preclinical studies support the hypothesis that SMARCA4m-NSCLC may be vulnerable to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we report a patient with programmed death-ligand1 (PD-L1) highly expressive SMARCA4m-NSCLC who showed an extremely rapid and long-term response to pembrolizumab. He was referred to our hospital for a mass of the right lung. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography showed right lung tumor, hilar, mediastinal and bone metastases. Pathological and immunohistochemical results showed it was a lung adenocarcinoma and revealed the tumor proportion score of PD-L1 was 80%. SMARCA4 and K-RAS genes were co-mutations. BRG1 protein expression was negative. Subsequently, pembrolizumab treatment as the first line of therapy was commenced for the patient. With only one dose, pembrolizumab significantly inhibited tumor growth and a partial response was obtained. To date, pembrolizumab treatment has been continued for about 29 months. Severe immune-related adverse events were not observed. Our case showed that an extremely rapid and long-term response can be achieved with pembrolizumab for PD-L1 highly expressive SMARCA4m-NSCLC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment may be a promising strategy for PD-L1 positive SMARCA4m-NSCLC.
أثر التكامل بين نظرية القيود وسلسلة القيمة في تخفيض تكاليف الإنتاج في الشركات الصناعية السودانية
Authors: تاج السر عمر النور عمر , عبد الرحيم علي العجب عبد المجيد
Published: November 2021

تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان أثر التكامل بين نظرية القيود وسلسلة القيمة في تخفيض تكاليف الإنتاج بالشركات الصناعية السودانية، تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي حيث تم الحصول على البيانات من خلال استبانة تم إعدادها وتوزيعها على مجموعة من المحاسبين في الشركات الصناعية السودانية والتي تمثل مجتمع الدراسة وقد تم أخذ عينة ملائمة بتوزيع الاستبانة عليهم، الكتب والرسائل الجامعية والبحوث العلمية. وقد طرحت المشكلة من خلال تساؤلات مختلفة حول تطبيق نظرية القيود وسلسلة القيمة في تخفيض تكاليف الإنتاج. كما هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على نوعية القيود المفروضة على النظام وكيفية إدارتها، استخدام أسلوب سلسلة القيمة في إدارة التكاليف لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية وتبين صحة الفرضيات حيث تم التوصل إلى أن تطبيق نظرية القيود وسلسلة القيمة يساعد الشركات الصناعية في تخفيض تكاليف إنتاجها.
Uncertainty, Risk, and Merit-Making
Authors: Ma Zhen
Published: November 2021

The rising importance of the tea business among the Bulang people of Yunnan province, Southwest China, is intimately linked to Theravada Buddhist ideologies and practices. Non-reciprocal merit-making provides a sense of control, and this is particularly important in an increasingly uncertain economic environment. More and more people were ready to engage in high-risk trading, and new rituals emerged precisely at a time when profit margins increased rapidly. The reinvention of local rituals helped people to control risk-taking and to morally legitimize ambiguous market behavior. The result is strong synergies between the ways uncertainty and risk are being addressed in the tea economy and in local religious practice: economic processes are changing religious practices just as much as religious practices are making a difference in economic behavior.
Determinants of seizure outcome after resective surgery following stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Bulacio Juan C. , Bena James , Suwanpakdee Piradee , Nair Dileep , Gupta Ajay , Alexopoulos Andreas , Bingaman William , Najm Imad
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate seizure outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery following stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), including group characteristics, comparing surgical and nonsurgical groups and assess predictors of time to seizure recurrence.

METHODS

Clinical and EEG data of 536 consecutive patients who underwent SEEG at Cleveland Clinic Epilepsy Center between 2009 and 2017 were reviewed. The primary outcome was defined as complete seizure freedom since the resective surgery, discounting any auras or seizures that occurred within the 1st postoperative week. In addition, the rate of seizure freedom based on Engel classification was determined in patients with follow-up of ≥ 1 year. Presumably significant outcome variables were first identified using univariate analysis, and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to identify outcome predictors.

RESULTS

Of 527 patients satisfying study criteria, 341 underwent resective surgery. Complete and continuous seizure freedom after surgery was achieved in 55.5% of patients at 1 year postoperatively, 44% of patients at 3 years, and 39% of patients at 5 years. As a secondary outcome point, 58% of patients achieved Engel class I seizure outcome for at least 1 year at last follow-up. Among surgical outcome predictors, in multivariate model analysis, the seizure recurrence rate by type of resection (p = 0.039) remained statistically significant, with the lowest risk of recurrence occurring after frontal and temporal lobe resections compared with multilobar and posterior quadrant surgeries. Patients with a history of previous resection (p = 0.006) and bilateral implantations (p = 0.023) were more likely to have seizure recurrence. The absence of an MRI abnormality prior to resective surgery did not significantly affect seizure outcome in this cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

This large, single-center series shows that resective surgery leads to continuous seizure freedom in a group of patients with complex and severe pharmacoresistant epilepsy after SEEG evaluation. In addition, up to 58% of patients achieved seizure freedom at last follow-up. The authors’ results suggest that SEEG is equally effective in patients with frontal and temporal lobe epilepsy with or without MRI identified lesions.
Microsurgical approaches to the cerebellar interpeduncular region: qualitative and quantitative analysis
Authors: Serrato-Avila Juan Leonardo , Paz Archila Juan Alberto , Costa Marcos Devanir Silva da , Rocha Paulo Ricardo , Marques Sergio Ricardo , Moraes Luis Otavio Carvalho de , Cavalheiro Sergio , Yağmurlu Kaan , Lawton Michael T. , Chaddad-Neto Feres
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

The cerebellar interpeduncular region (CIPR) is a gate for dorsolateral pontine and cerebellar lesions accessed through the supracerebellar infratentorial approach (SCITa), the occipital transtentorial approach (OTa), or the subtemporal transtentorial approach (STa). The authors sought to compare the exposures of the CIPR region that each of these approaches provided.

METHODS

Three approaches were performed bilaterally in eight silicone-injected cadaveric heads. The working area, area of exposure, depth of the surgical corridor, length of the interpeduncular sulcus (IPS) exposed, and bridging veins were statistically studied and compared based on each approach.

RESULTS

The OTa provided the largest working area (1421 mm2; p < 0.0001) and the longest surgical corridor (6.75 cm; p = 0.0006). Compared with the SCITa, the STa provided a larger exposure area (249.3 mm2; p = 0.0148) and exposed more of the length of the IPS (1.15 cm; p = 0.0484). The most bridging veins were encountered with the SCITa; however, no significant differences were found between this approach and the other approaches (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

To reach the CIPR, the STa provided a more extensive exposure area and more linear exposure than did the SCITa. The OTa offered a larger working area than the SCIT and the STa; however, the OTa had the most extensive surgical corridor. These data may help neurosurgeons select the most appropriate approach for lesions of the CIPR.
Predictors for time to awake in patients undergoing awake craniotomies
Authors: Lai Yen-Mie , Boer Christa , Eijgelaar Roelant S. , van den Brom Charissa E. , de Witt Hamer Philip , Schober Patrick
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Awake craniotomies are often characterized by alternating asleep-awake-asleep periods. Preceding the awake phase, patients are weaned from anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. Although clinicians aim to minimize the time to awake for patient safety and operating room efficiency, in some patients, the time to awake exceeds 20 minutes. The goal of this study was to determine the average time to awake and the factors associated with prolonged time to awake (> 20 minutes) in patients undergoing awake craniotomy.

METHODS

Records of patients who underwent awake craniotomy between 2003 and 2020 were evaluated. Time to awake was defined as the time between discontinuation of propofol and remifentanil infusion and the time of extubation. Patient and perioperative characteristics were explored as predictors for time to awake using logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS

Data of 307 patients were analyzed. The median (IQR) time to awake was 13 (10–20) minutes and exceeded 20 minutes in 17% (95% CI 13%–21%) of the patients. In both univariate and multivariable analyses, increased age, nonsmoker status, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class III versus II were associated with a time to awake exceeding 20 minutes. BMI, as well as the use of alcohol, drugs, dexamethasone, or antiepileptic agents, was not significantly associated with the time to awake.

CONCLUSIONS

While most patients undergoing awake craniotomy are awake within a reasonable time frame after discontinuation of propofol and remifentanil infusion, time to awake exceeded 20 minutes in 17% of the patients. Increasing age, nonsmoker status, and higher ASA classification were found to be associated with a prolonged time to awake.
When can we expect global sagittal alignment to reach a stable value following cervical deformity surgery?
Authors: Lafage Renaud , Smith Justin S. , Sheikh Alshabab Basel , Ames Christopher , Passias Peter G. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Mundis Gregory , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Gupta Munish , Klineberg Eric , Kim Han Jo , Bess Shay , Schwab Frank , Lafage Virginie , _ _
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Cervical deformity (CD) is a complex condition with a clear impact on patient quality of life, which can be improved with surgical treatment. Previous study following thoracolumbar surgery demonstrated a spontaneous and maintained improvement in cervical alignment following lumbar pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO). In this study the authors aimed to investigate the complementary questions of whether cervical alignment induces a change in global alignment and whether this change stabilizes over time.

METHODS

To analyze spontaneous changes, this study included only patients with at least 5 levels remaining unfused following surgery. After data were obtained for the entire cohort, repeated-measures analyses were conducted between preoperative baseline and 3-month and 1-year follow-ups with a post hoc analysis and Bonferroni correction. A subanalysis of patients with 2-year follow-up was performed.

RESULTS

One-year follow-up data were available for 121 of 168 patients (72%), and 89 patients had at least 5 levels remaining unfused following surgery. Preoperatively there was a moderate anterior cervical alignment (C2–7, −7.7° [kyphosis]; T1 slope minus cervical lordosis, 37.1°; cervical sagittal vertebral axis [cSVA], 37 mm) combined with a posterior global alignment (SVA, −8 mm) with lumbar hyperextension (pelvic incidence [PI] minus lumbar lordosis [LL] mismatch [PI-LL], −0.6°). Patients underwent a significant correction of the cervical alignment (median ΔC2–7, 13.6°). Simultaneously, PI-LL, T1 pelvic angle (TPA), and SVA increased significantly (all p < 0.05) between baseline and 3-month and 1-year follow-ups. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that all of the changes occurred between baseline and 3 months. Subanalysis of patients with complete 2-year follow-up demonstrated similar results, with stable postoperative thoracolumbar alignment achieved at 3 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Correction of cervical malalignment can have a significant impact on thoracolumbar regional and global alignment. Peak relaxation of compensatory mechanisms is achieved by the 3-month follow-up and tends to remain stable. Subanalysis with 2-year data further supports this finding. These findings can help to identify when the results of cervical surgery on global alignment can be best evaluated.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA EKSTRAK MADU DAN PROPOLIS TRIGONA SP. ASAL LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Zahra Nur Nadhifah , Muliasari Handa , Andayani Yayuk , Sudarma I Made
Published: November 2021

Cultivation of honey and propolis Trigona sp. in the area of North Lombok Regency is growing, but has not equipped with scientific data regarding its physicochemical characteristics. This research aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of honey and propolis extract of Trigona sp. from North Lombok. Physical parameters measured of the ethanol extract of honey and propolis Trigona sp. includes moisture content and ash content using gravimetric methods; Meanwhile, chemical parameters are identification of compounds using phytochemical screening methods and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) instruments. Ethanol extract of honey Trigona sp. has moisture and ash content values of 9.38 ± 0.28% and 1.23 ± 0.02%, respectively; while the extract of propolis Trigona sp. containing water content and ash content of 11.64 ± 0.15% and 1.85 ± 0.02%. Ethanol extract of honey Trigona sp. identified positively containing flavonoid and alkaloid compounds, as well as 16 other compounds identified using GC-MS. Trigona sp. propolis extract contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and 10 compounds identified using GC-MS.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK WANITA TANI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA SAYURAN SEHAT DI KECAMATAN BOJONGGAMBIR KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Al Ayyubi M. Sholehuddin , Bahar Yul Harry , Musyadar Achmad
Published: November 2021

Empowerment of Women Farmers Groups (KWT) through the utilization of yardland is one way to improve the quality of life and women's independence. The purpose of the study is to describe, analyze, and formulate a strategy for empowering KWT through the use of yard land for healthy vegetable cultivation in Bojonggambir District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The number of samples was determined by the total sampling method. The results of descriptive analysis describe the characteristics of KWT on age (productive), education (low), length of farming (high), yard area (narrow), and all external factors (medium). The related factors are the area of the yard, the role of agricultural extension workers, and the availability of facilities and infrastructure. The strategy is in the form of extension activities with descriptive analysis to determine the material and Spearman Rank correlation to optimize factors related to empowerment, namely the area of yards (sig .044), availability of facilities and infrastructure (sig .037), and the role of extension workers (sig .000).
Búsqueda de fenotipos basados en el rendimiento cognitivo en el Trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Domínguez Martín C. , Gallardo Borge L. , Molina Rodríguez V.
Published: November 2021

Introducción: El Trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) presenta una gran variabilidad clínica. Para conocer mejor esta variabilidad clínica se ha estudiado a nivel genético, neuroimagen y neuropsicológico, sin obtener resultados concluyentes que expliquen esta variabilidad. El estudio de diferentes fenotipos en base a medidas conductuales y cognitivas pretende estudiar las diferencias observadas en la presentación clínica entre los menores con trastorno del espectro autista. Objetivo: Determinar si existen fenotipos basados en el estudio de variables cognitivas y conductuales en pacientes diagnosticados de TEA. Material y métodos: Se evaluaron 56 pacientes menores con diagnóstico de TEA mediante diferentes pruebas psicométricas. Se estudiaron la flexibilidad cognitiva, estereotipias motoras, estereotipias sensoriales, intereses circunscritos, cambios mínimos en rutinas, juego imaginativo y creatividad. Mediante el análisis factorial de estas 7 variables se obtuvieron 3 factores para evaluar los subgrupos del estudio. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las distribuciones de diagnóstico clínico, según criterios DSM-IV-TR, en las diferentes variables. El análisis factorial de las 7 variables y de los 3 factores observaron diferencias en uno de los factores, el F3 que incluía la variable de creatividad y de flexibilidad cognitiva, en el subgrupo de autismo. Conclusiones: No se han encontrado fenotipos en el estudio de variables cognitivas y conductuales de la muestra. Las características estudiadas se ajustan a un modelo dimensional para el TEA. El subgrupo de autismo presenta menor flexibilidad cognitiva y creatividad que los otros subgrupos.
Opstati ili umrijeti – regulacija stanične smrti
Authors: Miletić Marina , Murati Teuta , Slavica Anita , Kmetič Ivana
Published: November 2021

Stanično umiranje je temeljni biološki proces, koji je u fiziološkom smislu embrionalnoga razvoja i obnove tkiva, te kao patološki odgovor na ozljedu
stanica i infekciju patogenima, uključen u mehanizme koji kontroliraju razvoj, homeostazu i imunološku regulaciju višestaničnih organizama.
Stanice mogu umrijeti slučajnom (biološki nekontrolirani procesi) ili reguliranom (genetski kontrolirani molekularni procesi) staničnom smrću.
Stanična smrt odvija se različitim mehanizmima koji dovode do pojave različitih morfoloških promjena u stanicama zahvaćenim tim procesima.
Nedavna otkrića u tom području i detekcija sve većeg broja novih oblika regulirane stanične smrti, rezultirala su novom sustavnom klasifikacijom
i nomenklaturom različitih tipova stanične smrti. U ovom preglednom radu dan je uvid u sustav klasifikacije, mehanizme i obilježja glavnih tipova
stanične smrti: nekroze, apoptoze i autofagije.
Combining hand grip strength with nutritional screening tools in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Vukomanović Anja , Vrdoljak Ivica , Panjkota Krbavčić Ines , Vrdoljak Margeta Tea , Bituh Martina
Published: November 2021

Malnutrition in vulnerable patient populations must be rapidly detected using techniques that are easy to incorporate into everyday clinical practice.
The new recommendations defined the 7-point Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) as optimal for nutritional assessment in chronic kidney disease
(CKD), while Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) demands additional examination in elderly. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of
several concise tools used in the clinical practice and the correlation of this tools with functional method hand grip strength (HGS) in elderly patients
with CKD. In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric and functional data for 50 elderly hemodialysis patients were analyzed using numerous
survey-based tools for screening nutritional status (Malnutrition Screening Tool – MST, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 - NRS2002, Malnutrition
Universal Screening Tool - MUST, Mini Nutritional Assessment - MNA, GNRI), which we compared to the standard 7-point SGA nutritional
assessment tool. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of these tools for detecting malnutrition were compared with the standard by using receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. 7-point SGA classified 36.6% of participants as well nourished, and 63.4% as mildly to moderately
malnourished, while the simplest alternative methods showed lower accuracy, classifying much higher proportions of participants as well nourished
(MST, 92.0%; NRS2002, 80.4%). MNA had the highest accuracy based on receiver operating characteristic curves. HGS correlated moderately with
7-point SGA (r = 0.331), MNA (r = 0.410), and GNRI (r = 0.320). Our small study suggests that MNA is the best tool for malnutrition risk screening
in elderly with CKD. Combining HGS with concise tools, such as GNRI, may provide better results and unburden healthcare professionals.
Collaborative activity recognition with heterogeneous activity sets and privacy preferences
Authors: Civitarese Gabriele , Ye Juan , Zampatti Matteo , Bettini Claudio
Published: November 2021

One of the major challenges in Human Activity Recognition (HAR) based on machine learning is the scarcity of labeled data. Indeed, collecting a sufficient amount of training data to build a reliable recognition problem is often prohibitive. Among the many solutions in the literature to mitigate this issue, collaborative learning is emerging as a promising direction to distribute the annotation burden over multiple users that cooperate to build a shared recognition model. One of the major issues of existing methods is that they assume a static activity model with a fixed set of target activities. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that is based on Growing When Required (GWR) neural networks. A GWR network continuously adapts itself according to the input training data, and hence it is particularly suited when the users share heterogeneous sets of activities. Like in federated learning, for the sake of privacy preservation, each user contributes to the global activity classifier by sharing personal model parameters, and not by directly sharing data. In order to further mitigate privacy threats, we implement a strategy to avoid releasing model parameters that may indirectly reveal information about activities that the user specifically marked as private. Our results on two well-known publicly available datasets show the effectiveness and the flexibility of our approach.
Role of miR-214 in biomaterial transplantation therapy for osteonecrosis
Authors: Wang Yuying , He Rui , Yang Anqi , Guo Rui , Liu Jie , Liang Guoqing , Sheng Donglai , Zhong Liangjun
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness and availability of conservative therapies for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are limited. Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) combined with Bio-Oss, which is a good bone scaffold biomaterial for cell proliferation and differentiation, is a new potential therapy. Of note, the expression of miRNAs was significantly modified in cells cultured with Bio-Oss, and MiR-214 was correlated positively with osteonecrosis. Furthermore, miR-214 was upregulated in cells exposed to Bio-Oss. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether targeting miR-214 further improves the transplantation effect. METHODS: We treated BMSCs with agomiR-214 (a miR-214 agonist), antagomiR-214 (a miR-214 inhibitor), or vehicle, followed by their transplantation into ONFH model rats. RESULTS: Histological and histomorphometric data showed that bone formation was significantly increased in the experimental groups (Bio-Oss and BMSCs treated with antagomiR-214) compared with other groups. CONCLUSIONS: miR-214 participates in the inhibition of osteoblastic bone formation, and the inhibition of miR-214 to bone formation during transplantation therapy with Bio-Oss combined with BMSCs for ONFH.
In vivo comparison of the degradation and osteointegration properties of micro-arc oxidation-coated Mg-Sr and Mg-Ca alloy scaffolds
Authors: Sun Hongyu , Wang Yuefei , Sun Chu , Yu Haiming , Xi Zheng , Liu Na , Zhang Nan
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Magnesium (Mg) alloy have biodegradation and mechanical properties that are similar to those of human bone, making it a promising candidate material for inclusion in implantable medical devices. OBJECTIVE: The osteointegration effect of Mg alloy scaffolds with different corrosion rates were studied and evaluated in large bone defect models. METHOD: Mg–Sr and Mg–Ca alloy scaffolds with a 20-μm Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating were used to repair critical bone defects for subsequent assessment of each alloy’s degradation and osteointegration by X-ray, Micro-CT, fluorescence and histological examination. RESULTS: At 12 weeks post-implantation, each defect was found to be effectively reconstructed by either of the Mg alloys based on X-ray and Micro-CT images. The corrosion rate (CR) of each Mg alloy – as calculated based on micro-computed tomography information – demonstrated that the MAO coating could provide effective protection for only 4 weeks post-surgery. From weeks 8 to 12, the CR of the Mg–Ca alloy scaffold increased from 1.34 ± 0.23 mm/y to 1.57 ± 0.16 mm/y. In contrast, the CR of the Mg–Sr alloy scaffold decreased from 0.58 ± 0.14 mm/y to 0.54 ± 0.16 mm/y. However, fluorescence and histological examination revealed more mature, closely and regularly arranged newborn osteocytes at the Mg–Ca scaffold-fracture interface e from weeks 8 to 12 after surgery. CONCLUSION: The Mg–Sr scaffold was more corrosion resistant and the Mg–Ca scaffold yielded a better overall repair, which indicates that the CR of magnesium alloys matches the rate of new bone formation and is the key to repair bone defects as a bone substitute.
Sleep Disorders and Future Diagnosis of Parkinsonism: A Prospective Study Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Zolfaghari Sheida , Yao Chun W. , Wolfson Christina , Pelletier Amelie , Postuma Ronald B.
Published: November 2021

Background: Earlier detection of parkinsonism, specifically during its prodromal stage, may be key to preventing its progression. Previous studies have produced contradictory results on the association between sleep symptoms and prodromal parkinsonism. Objective: We conducted a prospective study within the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) to determine whether self-reported symptoms of insomnia, somnolence, apnea, and restless legs syndrome predate the diagnosis of parkinsonism after three years of follow-up. Methods: At baseline, amongst other information, participants completed a questionnaire for difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, daytime somnolence, snoring or stopping breathing during sleep, and symptoms of restless legs syndrome. After 3 years of follow-up, baseline responses from participants who self-reported a new diagnosis of parkinsonism (cases) were compared to those who did not (controls). For each case, 10 controls were individually matched by age, sex, education, BMI, caffeine, smoking, and alcohol. Binary unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between sleep symptoms and new-onset parkinsonism, adjusting for age, sex, education, BMI, smoking, alcohol, and caffeine. Results: We identified 58 incident-parkinsonism cases and 580 matched controls (65.5%male, mean age = 69.60, SD = 8.0). Baseline symptoms of sleep-onset insomnia (12.1%vs. 13.0%, Adjusted OR[95%CI] = 0.87[0.32,2.33]), sleep-maintenance insomnia (24.1%vs. 20.2%, AOR = 1.01[0.46,2.20]), daytime somnolence (8.6%vs. 7.4%, AOR = 1.11[0.37,3.39]), obstructive sleep apnea (27.3%vs. 26.2%, AOR = 0.84[0.40,1.79]), and restless leg syndrome (20.6%vs. 9.9%, AOR = 1.34[0.42,4.25]) were similar among those who developed parkinsonism and those who did not. Conclusion: Symptoms of insomnia, somnolence, apnea, and restless legs did not predate a new diagnosis of parkinsonism over 3 years.
Structural and Functional Correlates of Hallucinations and Illusions in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Marques Ana , Taylor Natasha L. , Roquet Daniel , Beze Steven , Chassain Carine , Pereira Bruno , O’Callaghan Claire , Lewis Simon J.G. , Durif Franck
Published: November 2021

Background: Visual illusions (VI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are generally considered as an early feature of the psychosis spectrum leading to fully formed visual hallucinations (VH), although this sequential relationship has not been clearly demonstrated. Objective: We aimed to determine whether there are any overlapping, potentially graded patterns of structural and functional connectivity abnormalities in PD with VI and with VH. Such a finding would argue for a continuum between these entities, whereas distinct imaging features would suggest different neural underpinnings for the phenomena. Methods: In this case control study, we compared structural and resting state functional MRI brain patterns of PD patients with VH (PD-H, n = 20), with VI (PD-I, n = 19), and without VH or VI (PD-C, n = 23). Results: 1) PD-H had hypo-connectivity between the ILO and anterior cingulate precuneus and parahippocampal gyrus compared to PD-C and PD-I; 2) In contrast, PD-I had hyper-connectivity between the inferior frontal gyrus and the postcentral gyrus compared to PD-C and PD-H. Moreover, PD-I had higher levels of functional connectivity between the amygdala, hippocampus, insula, and fronto-temporal regions compared to PD-H, together with divergent patterns toward the cingulate. 3) Both PD-I and PD-H had functional hypo-connectivity between the lingual gyrus and the parahippocampal region vs. PD-C, and no significant grey matter volume differences was observed between PD-I and PD-H. Conclusion: Distinct patterns of functional connectivity characterized VI and VH in PD, suggesting that these two perceptual experiences, while probably linked and driven by at least some similar mechanisms, could reflect differing neural dysfunction.
Validation of the pediatric Radboud Dysarthria Assessment
Authors: Ruessink Marieke , van den Engel-Hoek Lenie , van Gerven Marjo , Spek Bea , de Swart Bert , Kalf Johanna
Published: November 2021

PURPOSE: The Radboud Dysarthria Assessment (RDA) was published in 2014. Adaptation into a pediatric version (p-RDA) was required because of relevant differences between children and adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of the p-RDA and to test intra-rater and inter-rater reliability as well as the validity of the two severity scales (function and activity level). METHODS: Video recordings were made of 35 participants with (suspected) dysarthria (age 4 to 17 years) while being assessed using the p-RDA. Intra-rater reliability was assessed by one, and inter-rater reliability by two experiments using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Validity of the severity scales was tested by correlating the consensus scores with the independently rated scores on four communication scales, three mobility scales, and one self-care scale using Spearman correlation coefficients (rs). RESULTS: The assessment was applicable for 89% of the tested sample, with good intra-rater and inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.88–0.98 and 0.83–0.93). The p-RDA severity scales (function and activity level) correlated from substantially to strongly with the communication scales (rs = 0.69–0.82 and 0.77–0.92) and self-care scale (rs = 0.76–0.71) and correlated substantially with the mobility scales (rs = 0.49–0.60). CONCLUSION: The feasibility, reliability and validity of the p-RDA are sufficient for clinical use.
Strip yield model for multiple straight cracks with coalesced yield zones: A theoretical study
Authors: Hasan S. , Akhtar N. , Shekhar S.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents a complicated case of coalescence of yield zones between two internal cracks out of four collinear straight cracks weakened an infinite isotropic plate. Two solutions are presented for the case of opening and closing of multiple cracks under general yielding conditions. Using these two solutions and the principle of superposition, we found the analytical expressions for load-bearing capacity of the plate using complex variable method. A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the behavior of yield zone length concerning remotely applied stresses at the boundary of the plate and the impact of two outer cracks on the propagation of inner cracks due to coalesced yield zones. Results obtained are reported graphically.
КОЛАБОРАТИВНЕ НАВЧАННЯ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ З ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ У ВИЩОМУ НАВЧАЛЬНОМУ ЗАКЛАДІ: ПЕРЕВАГИ ТА МОЖЛИВІ ВИКЛИКИ
Authors: ПІЛІШЕК Світлана
Published: November 2021

Стаття містить узагальнений досвід застосування колаборативного навчання під час викладання англійської мови у Хмельницькому національному університету з метою зокрема забезпечення інтерактивності практичних занять, забезпечення студентоцентрованості навчального процесу, розвитку не лише іноземномовної комунікативної компетентності, але й іншої низки вмінь та навичок, необхідних для успішної майбутньої професійної діяльності студентів тощо. Установлено витоки походження активного методу колаборативного навчання та визначено його сутність і алгоритм застосування викладачем. Комунікативний підхід до викладання іноземної мови станом на сьогодні вважається одним із найбільш ефективних. Відтак залучення колаборативного навчання, котре передбачає взаємодію між учасниками групи під час вирішення професійнооріє нтованих ситуацій засобами іноземної мови, розглядається як ефективний, мотивуючий прийом, котрий дозволяє також вибудовувати власну індивідуальну траєкторію навчання для студентів. Актуальність більш широкого використання методу колаборативного навчання під час занять з іноземної мови підкреслюється і тим, що цей метод сприяє формуванню та удосконаленню низки компетенцій студентів, включно із комунікативною, котра є ключовою у навчанні іноземних мов. Хоча роль викладача під час колаборативного навчання набуває змісту спостерігача, фасилітатора тощо, а спілкування між викладачем  та студентами реалізується за моделлю суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії,викладачу варто бути готовим до можливих викликів. Аби ретельно спланувати та успішно реалізувати сценарій колаборативного навчання, викладачеві варто розвинути та/або удосконалити необхідні для цього компетентності (здатність до планування, до моніторингу та підтримки груп, здатність до узагальнення та рефлексії).
Reactivación de la creación de empleo y determinantes financieros de la demanda laboral empresarial durante la pandemia
Authors: Bonilla-Mejía Leonardo , Flórez Luz Adriana , Hermida-Giraldo Didier , Lasso-Valderrama Francisco Javier , Morales-Zurita Leonardo Fabio , Pulido-Pescador José David , Pulido Karen ,   Subgerencia de Política Monetaria e Información Económica,   Grupo de Análisis del Mercado Laboral (Gamla)
Published: November 2021

Después de un primer semestre estancado, el empleo volvió a crecer en julio y en agosto. Este repunte de la ocupación ha sido, sobre todo, marcado en los municipios intermedios y el área rural. Por segmentos del empleo nacional, el no asalariado, cuyo crecimiento se había frenado en el segundo trimestre por los efectos derivados de los picos de contagio por Covid-19 y de la situación de orden público en el país, volvió a crecer; mientras tanto, su contraparte asalariada se mantuvo estable.
Neoplasia testicular maligna: análisis epidemiológico de los casos notificados en Brasil entre 2015 y 2019
Authors: Facco Lucas , Almendro Lucas Pablo , Marques Cristiane Peres , Ribeiro Edson Fábio Brito , Fecury Amanda Alves , Dendasck Carla Viana , Dendasck Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: November 2021

La neoplasia testicular es una patología maligna relativamente poco frecuente, representando el 0,5% de todas las neoplasias masculinas, siendo más frecuente entre los individuos de 15 a 34 años. La presentación clínica más común es la masa testicular o la hinchazón escrotal con o sin dolor o trauma asociado, y el diagnóstico confirmatorio estándar es la orquiectomía. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar epidemiológicamente los casos reportados de neoplasia testicular maligna en Brasil entre 2015 y 2019. Los datos para la investigación epidemiológica se obtuvieron de DATASUS y la investigación bibliográfica se realizó a través de artículos científicos. A partir de la información revelada en esta investigación, es posible observar un diagnóstico creciente de neoplasia maligna de los testículos en Brasil, con casi el doble del número de casos observados entre los años 2015 y 2019. Aunque es relativamente poco común, el cáncer testicular es potencialmente mortal y su gravedad no debe subestimarse y debe diagnosticarse y tratarse lo antes posible. Tiene una alta probabilidad de curación, con tratamiento quirúrgico definitivo, después de un diagnóstico confirmatorio, en la mayoría de los casos, permitiendo que el individuo afectado tenga una vida normal. Por lo tanto, se necesitan más estudios para revelar las razones del aumento de los casos de cáncer testicular en Brasil y en todo el mundo, para comprender si las diferencias regionales están relacionadas con el número de casos o si se trata de una falla en el diagnóstico y registro, además de servir como base para las acciones del gobierno, con el fin de planificar y ejecutar políticas destinadas a combatir los factores desencadenantes de esta enfermedad.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ЗВ’ЯЗКИ МІЖ МОВНИМИ ЗНАННЯМИ ТА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИМИ ЯКОСТЯМИ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В ПРОЦЕСІ МОВЛЕННЄВО-МИСЛЕННЄВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Лавриненко Олександр
Published: November 2021

Стаття є теоретико-емпіричним дослідженням внутрішніх когнітивних процесів людини, пов’язаних мисленнєвою та мовленнєвою діяльністю. Робота поєднує в собі філологічну та психологічну парадигми. У теоретичній частині здійснено огляд й аналіз мовленнєво-мисленнєвих процесів людини, що уможливлюють сприйняття, збереження нової інформації індивідумом, її внутрішню переробку та подальше відтворення. Відображено погляди та гіпотетичні теорії на окреслену проблематику низки відомих філологів і психолінгвістів: Н. Хомського, Л. С. Виготського, О. М. Леонтьєва, О. Р. Лурії, Дж. Андерсона й ін. У дослідженні розкрито, передусім, інтегративну складову частину теорій кожного із зазначених учених. У результаті описаного теоретичного аналізу когнітивних процесів, спрямованих на сприйняття, збереження, переробку та репродукування інформації вдалося встановити лексико-предметні відношення між поняттями: мовні знання, енциклопедичні знання, вивідні знання. У практичній частині використано низку психологічних і психолінгвістичних тестових й опитувальних методик задля пошуку кореляцій між психологічними рисами особистості та особливостями функціонування її когнітивних процесів, прямо чи опосередковано пов’язаних із мовною діяльністю. У результаті математичної обробки отриманих статистичних даних удалося виявити панораму кореляційних зв’язків між такими психологічними якостями особистості, як невротичність, сором’язливість, комунікабельність, пізнавальний мотив, особливості комунікативної поведінки, структура мотиваційної й емоційної сфер та специфікою перебігу когнітивних процесів, пов’язаних із накопиченням та формуванням мовних знань і їх якісний перехід на рівень мовної компетентності. Виявлені й описані автором в цій роботі тенденції та закономірності можуть виступати в ролі елементів емпіричної основи в майбутньому створенні нових, особистісно орієнтованих методик викладання іноземних мов. Окрім того, установлені факти також будуть корисними для побудових нових теорій і моделей когнітивних процесів людини.
Досвід використання різних субстратів для укорінення живців цитрусових культур
Authors: Омелянова В.Ю. , Котовська Ю.С.
Published: November 2021

Серед численних плодів екзотичних рослин, які є у вільному доступі, особливою популярністю корис- туються цитрусові. Плоди мандаринів, апельсинів, лимонів, лаймів, цитронів, грейпфрутів, бергамоту від- різняються високими поживними, лікувальними й діє- тичними властивостями. Вони служать сировиною для отримання соків, компотів, цукатів і джемів, цінних ефір- них олій і різних есенцій, які широко використовуються в харчовій, кондитерській і парфумерній промисловості. Мета. Нині цитрусові рослини переважно використову- ються для кімнатного та офісного озеленення, зимових садів та оранжерей в якості декоративних, а не плодо- вих рослин. Для розвитку виробництва з вирощування цитрусових культур в якості плодових у промислових обсягах необхідний якісний і доступний посадковий матеріал у великих кількостях. Мета дослідження – аналіз таких доступних субстратів для живцювання цитрусових культур, як торф, пісок, кокосовий субстрат, вермикуліт, торф із додаванням піску, кокосовий суб- страт із додаванням вермикуліту для укорінення жив- ців цитрусових рослин у захищеному ґрунті. Методи. Для отримання посадкового матеріалу використову- вали метод розмноження цитрусових рослин зеленими живцями в умовах захищеного грунту. Результати. За результатами проведеного дослідження з укорінення живців цитрусових культур установлено, що найвищий відсоток приживлюваності лимону сорту «Павлівський», апельсину сорту «Вашингтон Навел» та мандарину сорту «Кавано-Васьо» спостерігався за вирощування рослин у кокосовому субстраті з додаванням вер- микуліту (85-98%). Посадковий матеріал, отриманий методом зеленого живцювання за використання коко- сового субстрату з додаванням вермикуліту та окремо вермикуліту в тепличному господарстві села Раденськ Олешківського району Херсонської області, показав високий результат вкорінення і приживлюваності порів- няно із торфом і піском. Висновки. Проведені дослі- дження дозволяють рекомендувати для живцювання субстрат із кокосової маси з додаванням вермикуліту та вермикуліт для захищеного грунту та подальшого використання у виробництві цитрусових культур.
Discovering Millennials’ Migration Clusters in Seoul, South Korea: A Local Spatial Network Autocorrelation Approach
Authors: Lee Youngbin , Park Sohyun , Kim Kyusik , Ha Hui Jeong , Lee Jinhyung
Published: November 2021

The spatial directionality of Millennials’ migration has been underexplored. This study utilizes local spatial network autocorrelation to identify migration clusters of Millennials in a metropolitan area. The result found that Millennials migrate within an urban core and move to newer districts in surrounding areas. We found spatially distinct migration clusters by age group, possibly reflecting different motives through life stages. The analysis demonstrated that this method is effective for detecting migration clusters and for comparing subsets.
E-marketing Strategies and Performance of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: A New-normal Agenda
Authors: Edim Eka James  , Etim, Glory Sunday  , Arikpo Nneoyi Nnana  , Okeowo, Victor Olusegun
Published: November 2021

This study examined E-marketing strategies and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises: A new-normal agenda. It aimed to explore the effects of social media marketing, online advertising, and email marketing on the performance of SMEs in the new-normal era. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. It used a structured questionnaire to obtain primary data from 295 operators of SMEs. The hypotheses developed for the study were statistically tested using multiple linear regression with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 23). The findings of the study revealed that social media marketing, online advertising, and email marketing had significant positive effects on the performance of SMEs in the new-normal era. Therefore, the study recommended that SMEs adopt social media platforms (such as Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp); online advertising tools (such as search engine, display, and website advertising); and email marketing tools (such as welcome email, email newsletters, and dedicated email promotions) to promote their products and services in order to enhance sales and marketing performance. Suggestions for further studies are also made as a guide for intending researchers.
Stability Assessment of a Bedding Rock Slope Using Q-slope and Seismic Tomography: A Case Study in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Espin Jorge Ronny , Araujo Sebastián
Published: November 2021

Roads are generally affected by slope failures, and these failures can increase when there are weathered materials and high rainfall. These circumstances occur in the sub-Andean zone of Ecuador. This is the region where the study area is located. The stability of a stratified rock slope, which is affecting a section of highway E45, was evaluated. The study slope is exposed to the road, but the upper part is covered by a soil-type material and dense vegetation that makes it challenging to study. We applied the Q-slope method and seismic tomography; these methods used together worked well, because they allowed to correlate and infer information about the quality of the rock mass, even in a fast and economical way. We also performed core drilling with core recovery in the crown of the slope and SPT test. The slope presented two well-differentiated zones; therefore, Q-slope values were calculated for each of these zones. The results show that the slope is unstable. The application of seismic tomography as an input parameter for calculating Q-slope was important because it allowed evaluating the stability where it is impossible to collect geomechanical information, correlate information taken at the foot of the slope, and define the depth of the bedrock.