bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working-Class Soldiers, Social Reproduction, and the State
Authors: Chorley-Schulz Jasmine
Published: April 2024

The explicitly harmful role of working-class soldiers in capitalist society is nevertheless reproductive. The working-class soldier reproduces capitalist social relations via the reproduction of the working class, the capitalist state, and imperialism. Drawing on Marxist feminism, it becomes apparent that the household and state production processes of soldiers’ concrete labor constitute state force, and in doing so collect a wage to use in household production and reproduction, and perform reproductive domestic labor in institutional and/or private household settings. Typically, soldiers are part of the working class by virtue of their mostly, and counterintuitively, indistinct relationships to value. However, this does not necessitate a general extension of solidarity to soldiers as a sub-class, considering the nature of the concrete labor they perform. Ultimately, the case of the soldier brings into relief the impossibility of resolving the capitalist contradictions constitutive of the state and the working class.
Spatial Statistics Analysis of Precipitation in the Urmia Lake Basin
Authors: Aghamohammadi Hossein , Behzadi Saeed , Moshtaghinejad Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

Most of the world's population lives in areas facing a severe water crisis. Climatology researchers need precipitation information, pattern analysis, modeling of spatial relationships, and more to cope with these conditions. Therefore, in this paper, a comprehensive approach is developed for describing geographic phenomenon using various geostatistical techniques. Two main methods of interpolation (Inverse Distance Weighting and Kriging) are used and their results are compared. The Urmia Lake Basin in Iran was selected as a case-study area that has faced critical conditions in recent years. Precipitation was initially modeled using both conventional, non-statistical approaches and advanced geo-statistical methods. The result of the comparison shows that ordinary Kriging is the best interpolation method for precipitation, with an RMS of 4.15, and Local Polynomial Interpolation with the exponential kernel function is the worst method, with an RMS of 5.02. Finally, a general regression analysis was conducted on precipitation data to examine its relationship with other variables. The results show that the latitude variable was identified as the dependent variable with the most influence on precipitation, with an impact factor of 81%, and that the slope has the lowest impact on precipitation, at nearly zero percent. The influence of latitude on precipitation appears to be localized, suggesting that it may not be a significant variable for predicting global environmental threats.
The Struggle of School Students During Tritura Period in West Sumatera
Authors: Erasiah Erasiah , Desmaniar Desmaniar , Martias Martias , Oktavia Nabila , Zein Farid Mat
Published: April 2024

This article explores the role of high school students in West Sumatra during the Tri Tuntutan Rakyat (Tritura: Three Demands of the People) movement in 1966. Utilizing a library research approach it leverages both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include archives and photographs from the Museum Angkatan 66 in Bukittinggi, complemented by historical narratives. Secondary sources comprise relevant books and articles. The research findings highlight that during the height of Tritura, which shook Jakarta and resonated across Indonesia, West Sumatra witnessed significant activism by school-age children, organized under KAPPI (the Indonesian Youth and Students Action Union). These students received overt support from their schools and covert backing from sympathetic Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) members. Schools served as operational bases for KAPPI in various locales of West Sumatra. Notably, one student, Ahmad Karim, became a martyr after being shot during a protest in Bukittinggi’s Chinatown, later receiving posthumous recognition as a hero.
Choosing Democracy: The 1955 General Election in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Syaputra Yandi , Agustono Budi , Pujiati Pujiati
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the 1955 General Election in Medan, the inaugural democratic exercise in post-independence Indonesia. Aimed at understanding the era's political dynamics and voter behavior, the research focuses on the electoral process, party strategies, and the socio-economic context influencing the elections. The study uses historical analysis to draw on primary sources, including governmental decrees and local newspaper archives, alongside secondary literature on Indonesian political history. The method involves a chronological examination of events leading to the elections, political parties' roles, and socioeconomic factors that impact voter preferences. The results reveal that the 1955 General Election in Medan was a complex and multifaceted event shaped by the legacy of colonial and wartime experiences. Political parties like Masyumi, PKI, and PNI employed diverse strategies to engage with voters, ranging from religious politics to nationalist rhetoric. Despite land disputes and economic instability, the elections saw high voter turnout and active participation, culminating in Masyumi’s victory. In conclusion, the 1955 General Election in Medan was pivotal in Indonesia’s democratic journey, reflecting the interplay between historical legacies, political aspirations, and the people's collective will. It began a new era in Indonesian politics, characterized by active public engagement and the establishment of a representative democratic system.Penelitian ini menganalisis Pemilu 1955 di Medan, pelaksanaan demokrasi perdana di Indonesia pasca kemerdekaan. Bertujuan untuk memahami dinamika politik dan perilaku pemilih pada masa itu, penelitian ini berfokus pada proses pemilu, strategi partai, dan konteks sosio-ekonomi yang mempengaruhi pemilu. Dengan menggunakan analisis sejarah, penelitian ini memanfaatkan sumber-sumber primer, termasuk keputusan pemerintah dan arsip surat kabar lokal, serta literatur sekunder mengenai sejarah politik Indonesia. Metode ini melibatkan pemeriksaan kronologis peristiwa-peristiwa menjelang pemilu, peran partai politik, dan dampak faktor sosial-ekonomi terhadap preferensi pemilih. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Pemilu 1955 di Medan merupakan peristiwa yang kompleks dan memiliki banyak aspek yang dibentuk oleh warisan pengalaman kolonial dan masa perang. Partai politik seperti Masyumi, PKI, dan PNI menerapkan beragam strategi untuk menjangkau pemilih, mulai dari politik agama hingga retorika nasionalis. Meskipun terdapat tantangan seperti sengketa tanah dan ketidakstabilan ekonomi, pemilu ini menunjukkan tingkat partisipasi pemilih dan partisipasi aktif yang tinggi, yang berpuncak pada kemenangan Masyumi. Kesimpulannya, Pemilu 1955 di Medan merupakan momen penting dalam perjalanan demokrasi Indonesia, yang mencerminkan keterkaitan antara warisan sejarah, aspirasi politik, dan kemauan kolektif masyarakat. Hal ini menandai dimulainya era baru dalam politik Indonesia, yang ditandai dengan keterlibatan publik yang aktif dan pembentukan sistem demokrasi perwakilan.
Unraveling the Threads of Difficult History in the Classroom: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ahmad Tsabit Azinar , Mulyana Agus , Darmawan Wawan , Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: April 2024

This systematic literature review aims to comprehensively examine and synthesize existing research on teaching difficult history in the classroom. Difficult history includes emotionally charged, controversial, or challenging topics for educators and students. Twenty-three publications from the Scopus database from 2014-2023 were selected for review using PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Then, four research questions were used to guide the review and analysis centered on difficult history content, pedagogical approaches, teachers’ challenges to offering a comprehensive understanding of difficult history learning in schools, and the impact of difficult history on students. Reviews reveal that scholars are increasingly interested in studying difficult historical topics and highlighting dark events in various regions worldwide. Teaching difficult history requires multiple pedagogical approaches, including affective learning, experiential learning, and inquiry-based learning. Teaching difficult history contributes to empathy, critical thinking skills, and historical consciousness to encourage students to connect past events to present-day issues.Reviu literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif dan mensintesis penelitian yang ada tentang pengajaran sejarah pelik (difficult history) di kelas. Sejarah yang sulit mencakup topik-topik yang bermuatan emosional, kontroversial, atau menantang bagi pendidik dan siswa. Dua puluh tiga publikasi dari database Scopus pada tahun 2014-2023 dipilih untuk ditinjau menggunakan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Reviu dan analisis dipandu oleh empat pertanyaan penelitian, yang berpusat pada konten sejarah pelik, pendekatan pembelajaran, tantangan guru pada pembelajaran sejarah pelik di sekolah, dan dampak sejarah pelik pada siswa. Reviu mengungkap bahwa para sarjana semakin tertarik untuk mempelajari topik-topik sejarah yang pelik, serta menyoroti beragam peristiwa kelam di berbagai wilayah di seluruh dunia. Mengajarkan sejarah pelik memerlukan berbagai pendekatan pedagogi, termasuk pembelajaran afektif (affective learning), pembelajaran berdasarkan pengalaman (experiential learning), dan pembelajaran berbasis inkuiri. Mengajarkan sejarah pelik berkontribusi pada empati, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan kesadaran sejarah untuk mendorong siswa menghubungkan peristiwa masa lalu dengan isu-isu masa kini.
The Decline of German Economic Activities in Singapore During the First World War.
Authors: Azmi Muhammad Aslah Akmal , Mohamed Dali Azharudin , Zainol Salina
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the expansion of German economic activities in Singapore that the British administration restricted during the First World War. As the First World War broke out on 28 July 1914, trade relations between Germany and Singapore had to be terminated. This trade relationship ended due to Britain’s involvement in the First World War against Germany. Several war-related policies from the British Parliament were enacted to restrict German economic activity globally. During the war, Singapore, as one of the British colonies, had to implement war-related policies formulated by the British Parliament through several ordinances. Therefore, this article evaluates the extent to which the British administration successfully restricted German economic activities in Singapore through the legislation of several ordinances issued by the British Parliament. This study applies qualitative methods based on historical research methodology to examine British government documents and relevant secondary writings. The study's results found that efforts implemented by the British administration successfully ended the expansion of German economic activities in Singapore during the war.Artikel ini menganalisis perkembangan aktivitas ekonomi Jerman di Singapura yang dibatasi oleh pemerintahan Inggris pada Perang Dunia Pertama. Ketika Perang Dunia Pertama pecah pada 28 Juli 1914, hubungan dagang antara Jerman dan Singapura terpaksa ditamatkan. Berakhirnya hubungan dagang ini berpunca daripada keterlibatan Inggris dalam Perang Dunia Pertama melawan Jerman. Beberapa kebijakan terkait perang dari parlemen Inggris diberlakukan sebagai upaya untuk membatasi aktivitas ekonomi Jerman di tingkat global. Singapura sebagai salah satu jajahan Inggris juga menerapkan kebijakan terkait perang dari parlemen Inggris melalui penyusunan beberapa peraturan sepanjang masa perang. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mengevaluasi sejauh mana keberhasilan pemerintahan Inggris di Singapura dalam membatasi aktivitas ekonomi Jerman di Singapura melalui beberapa peraturan yang dikeluarkan parlemen Inggris. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kualitatif berdasarkan metodologi penelitian sejarah untuk mengkaji dokumen-dokumen Inggris dan tulisan sekunder yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pembatasan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah Inggris berhasil mengakhiri perkembangan aktivitas ekonomi Jerman di Singapura selama masa perang.
Interleukin-6 Level and Neutrophil-Lymphocytes Ratio and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 19
Authors: Latifah Armina , Parwati Ida , Tjandrawati Anna , Suraya Nida
Published: April 2024

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in hyperinflammation and cytokine storm in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NRL) describes the innate and adaptive immune responses. Elevated IL-6 and NLR levels usually indicate a severe clinical condition in COVID-19 patients. Aim of this study was to determine the correlation of IL-6 and NLR with the severity of illness in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. This was a descriptive correlative observational study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from COVID-19 patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from November 2020 to October 2021. There were 225 subjects who were classified by the severity and analyzed for IL-6 levels and NLR. Median levels of IL-6 at moderate, severe, and critical levels were 4.1 pg/mL, 20.4 pg/mL, and 38.8 pg/mL, respectively. The median NLR at moderate, severe, and critical grades were respectively 4.41, 9.65, and 17.79. The correlation between IL-6, NLR, and severity was 0.441 (p<0.001) and 0.408 (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the correlation between IL-6 levels and NLR in COVID-19 was 0.230 (p<0.001). Thus, IL-6 and NRL levels have a moderate positive correlation with the severity of COVID-19, while IL-6 and NRL have a weak correlation because IL-6 is not the only factor that affects the NRL.
New adjuvant alternative: unilamellar honey membrane to improve healing at the palate graft donor site: a clinical case series
Authors: Barahona Dr. Karen , Ávila Dr. Sarahi , Guifarro Dr. Juan José
Published: April 2024

This prospective, observational study evaluated the efficacy of Biofilm at the palatal connective tissue graft donor site. Carried out at the Catholic University of Honduras, Patients selected according to rigorous criteria followed a treatment plan that included the application of Biofilm three times a day. Using clinical photographs; color, contour, and texture analyzes were performed, along with pain assessment using the visual analogue scale (VAS) on postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and 21. The results revealed a consistent improvement in connective tissue color across all age groups, supported by progressive decrease in VAS scores, indicating a significant reduction in postoperative pain. The analysis of contour changes highlighted the ability of the Biofilm to facilitate healing and maintain the structural integrity of the palate, while the analysis of texture changes showed a positive recovery in the surface appearance of the tissues. Together, these findings suggest that the application of Biofilm contributes not only to the aesthetic improvement of the connective tissue but also to the patient's comfort during recovery. Although the study has limitations, such as the lack of a control group, it provides a valuable basis for future research in optimizing postoperative recovery in patients undergoing palatal connective tissue graft procedures. These preliminary results underscore the need for additional research with a more robust design to validate and extend these findings.
Neonatal acidity and pyloric stenosis of infancy (PS) - the beginning and the end two stories
Authors: Munro Rogers Ian
Published: April 2024

The author tells two stories. Story one describes the beginnings of his research interest into the cause and effect of neonatal acid secretion. It also explains the new proposal that an insensitivity of the usual negative feed-back in adults between neonatal gastrin and gastric acidity is not functioning at birth and takes some weeks to develop. Because of this, gastrin levels and acidity rise together from birth. This means that when feedback maturity occurs, there will be a temporary peak in both gastrin and gastric acidity before mutual restraint is established. The early gap in acid defense is filled by functional maternal gastrin transfer during labor which produces an external source of acid secretion until the neonatal gastric mucosa has matured. Story two relates the effects of these earlier changes to the baby who has inherited an enhanced parietal cell mass. Such babies develop a critical hyperacidity during developmental peak acidity. Acidity- provoked sphincter contractions; sphincter hypertrophy and gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) may then supervene. All the bewildering clinical features are understandable within the framework of this hypothesis.
Agave: application of ancient bionics and biomechanics
Authors: S Erdmann Wlodzimierz
Published: April 2024

Few years ago I visited Teotihuacan, near Mexico City, where two large pyramids (of the Sun and of the Moon) were built by ancient people of that region. In the vicinity of those pyramids a Museum of Teotihuacan Culture was established. Outside area is covered with vegetations, including agave. This is a plant with thick lives and has about 2 m of height. The products obtaining from agave include: food, especially sugar, fibre, medicines, soap, beverages, including alcoholic bevarages like tequila and bacanora. A tip of agave leaf ends with very sharp skewer. When very thin part of a leaf is separated from the rest of a leaf there is a possibility of using it as a paper.
The influence of forest vegetation on the physical properties of chernozems in the steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Gorban V. A. , Bilova N. A. , Poleva J. L. , Huslystyi A. O. , Kotovych O. V. , Hunko S. O.
Published: April 2024

Targeted changes in the physical properties of soils, including through afforestation, are an important component of land use practices that are aimed at obtaining sustainable crop yields, which is especially important for potentially highly fertile chernozem soils. The physical properties of ordinary chernozems under steppe vegetation (used as a control) and plantings of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Quercus robur L., as well as chernozem luvosol under natural forest vegetation, were studied in the field, as well as in laboratory conditions using soil samples taken from 12 areas established within Dnipropetrovsk region (Ukraine). As a result of the study, it was established that the studied ordinary chernozems and luvic chernozems are classified as silty loam according to their granulometric composition. The growth of acacia and oak plantations led to an increase in sand content and a decrease in silt content, and the growth of natural forest vegetation contributed to an increase in sand and silt content and a decrease in clay content in black soils. The influence of forest vegetation on chernozems led in the 0–20 cm layer to an increase in the content of aggregates of fractions > 2 mm and water-resistant aggregates of fractions > 0.5 mm and a decrease in the content of aggregates of fractions < 1 mm and water-resistant aggregates of fractions < 0.5 mm compared to chernozems under steppe vegetation. The growth of forest vegetation caused a decrease in the density and density of the solid phase, and an increase in the total porosity of chernozems in the layers of 0–20 and 20–40 cm. The influence of forest vegetation on ordinary chernozems and luvic chernozems contributed to an increase in the content of available water for plants and an increase in their water permeability compared to ordinary chernozems under steppe vegetation. Ordinary chernozems under acacia and oak plantations are characterized by increased electrical resistivity, and luvic chernozems under natural forest vegetation are characterized by reduced electrical resistivity compared to ordinary chernozems under steppe vegetation. The growth of forest vegetation contributed to a decrease in the dielectric constant of chernozems. The influence of natural forest vegetation leads to more pronounced changes in the physical properties of chernozems compared to the influence of acacia and oak plantings.
Diversity and features of the fauna of herpetobiont beetles (Carabidae, Tenebrionidae, Elateridae, Scarabaeidae) of the Lower Zeravshan, Uzbekistan
Authors: Alimova L. K. , Umurzakova M. S. , Zokirova D. F. , Khamzaev R. A. , Normuradova G. , Otakulov B. , Pazilov A. , Kudratov J. A. , Urazova R. S. , Khalimov F. Z.
Published: April 2024

The Lower Zeravshan district of Uzbekistan is characterized by the most arid climate and is particularly affected by global warming and anthropogenic pressure. The biodiversity of herpetobiont beetles in this region has not been sufficiently studied, and this makes it difficult to monitor the fauna of the region. This work was carried out to assess the biodiversity and ecological features of some groups of herpetobiont beetles during 2019–2023. Soil and light traps, soil excavations and manual collection were used to collect material. A total of 131 species of beetles were identified. The carabid fauna of the region is represented by 43 species belonging to nine subfamilies, 19 tribes, and 28 genera. For the fauna of the Republic, two species were recorded for the first time (Syntomus obscuroguttatus (Duftschmid, 1812) and Scarites subcylindricus Chaudoir, 1843). The darkling beetle fauna includes 46 species belonging to three subfamilies, 16 tribes, and 30 genera. For the first time, five species were recorded for the fauna of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Cyphogenia lucifuga Adams, 1817, Trigonoscelis apicalis Reitter, 1907, Colpotus sulcatus (Menetries, 1838), Tribolium destructor Uyttenboogart, 1933, Pentaphyllus chrysomeloides (Rossi, 1792)). The fauna of ground beetles and darkling beetles of the Lower Zeravshan consists of two species complexes that differ sharply from each other – xerophilic (inhabiting desert biocenoses) and hygromesophilic (inhabiting agricultural landscapes). The similarity coefficients of the fauna of these two types of biocenoses are very low. The fauna of click beetles is represented by 10 species belonging to four subfamilies and seven genera. The fauna of lamellar beetles consists of 31 species (32 with subspecies), belonging to eight subfamilies, 13 tribes, and 19 genera. In agrocenoses, a significant increase in the number of herpetobionts is observed in the first days of June. But their maximum number is observed in early July. It has been established that seasonal fluctuations in the number of representatives of the families Carabidae, Elateridae, Staphylinidae, and Tenebrionidae occur almost in parallel. Fluctuations in the number of representatives of the Scarabaeidae family do not correspond to the above pattern, and the maximum value is observed at the end of July. The data obtained can be used to assess biodiversity and environmental monitoring of arid zones of Uzbekistan.
CHAPTER 7. GLOBAL AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION PROCESSES OF AFRICA
Authors: Holovko Ivan
Published: April 2024

The advantages and disadvantages of the participation of African countries in global integration processes are studied. It emphasizes the need for a balanced engagement that protects national interests and promotes sustainable development. The multifaceted nature of integration processes in Africa has been demonstrated. The potential of integration to promote Africa's socio-economic development was highlighted and the need for cooperation, dialogue and consensus building among all stakeholders was enshrined. It has been argued that African countries should prioritize integration efforts underpinned by strong institutional capacity, effective policies and private sector involvement.
CHAPTER 8. CLASSIC THREATS OF THE DIGITAL ERA: CHEMICAL WEAPONS AND US CHEMICAL SECURITY
Authors: DVURECHENSKA Oleksandra
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the role of classical threats in the modern digital world. On the example of the United States, the relevance of public policy in the formation of a national chemical security system is determined. Internal and external threats to US national security in the chemical sphere are considered. A retrospective analysis of the production and use of chemical weapons by the United States is carried out. The place of the leading US authorities in the system of national chemical security is determined. The international legal mechanisms for regulating the development, production, stockpiling, use and disposal of hazardous chemicals are studied. The author analyzes the fulfillment of international obligations by the United States with regard to chemical weapons. The participation of the United States in the international chemical safety system is analyzed.
El celibato: La sexualidad y la masculinidad en las representaciones sacerdotales en La esfinge del sendero de Jenaro Cardona
Authors: Gamboa Gamboa Wilmer
Published: April 2024

En las primeras décadas del siglo XX, se vislumbró una corriente en la literatura costarricense que se alejó del discurso nacionalista impuesto por sectores dominantes. Un ejemplo es La esfinge del sendero de Jenaro Cardona, novela que desafía las normas establecidas al abordar la problemática del celibato entre personajes sacerdotales en la Costa Rica rural. Publicada en 1916, la obra contrasta la imagen idealizada del sacerdocio con su versión más degradada, revelando las tensiones entre estas representaciones y reflejando las restricciones impuestas con las normas de la Iglesia católica.
Impact of climate change on habitat suitability of an endemic herbivore [Hydrothassa anatolica (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae)] in Türkiye
Authors: Sirri Mesut , Bal Neslihan , Farooq Shahid , Özaslan Cumali
Published: April 2024

The rich floristic and faunistic diversity of Türkiye hosts numerous endemic species, particularly in the southeastern region. Climate change could exert negative impacts on the distribution of endemic species and cause their extinction. Hydrothassa anatolica Şahin & Özdikmen, 2019 (Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae) is an endemic species distributed in the Hakkari province of Türkiye. This study assessed the impacts of climate change on the habitat suitability of H. anatolica using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model. The occurrence records of the species were collected through surveys in Yüksekova district of Hakkari province during 2022 and 2023 and used in the modeling exercise. Habitat suitability of H. anatolica was predicted for 2021–2040, 2041–2060, 2061–2080 and 2081–2100 under two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs), i.e., SSP1-2.6 (low greenhouse gas emissions scenario) and SSP5-8.5 (very high greenhouse gas emissions scenario). A total 12 occurrence records and 9 bioclimatic variables were used to predict the habitat suitability under current and future climatic conditions. The results indicated that bio 6 (minimum temperature of the coldest month) bio18 (precipitation of warmest quarter) will mediate the distribution of H. anatolica under current and future climatic conditions. The areas with wet summers and cold winters were predicted highly suitable for H. anatolica. The model predicted that the species will expand its distribution range in the future under both climate change scenarios.
Nest site selection, nest characteristics, and breeding ecology of the Eurasian tree sparrow, Passer montanus, living in an urban area
Authors: Lee Ju-Hyun , Kim Se-Yeong , Sung Ha-Cheol
Published: April 2024

Urbanization has resulted in changes in bird life histories, and some species have successfully adapted to urban environments, resulting in synurbization. Nest site selection in urban areas challenges cavity nesters because natural nest sites are often replaced by artificial holes. This study was conducted to identify the nest site selection and nest characteristics of the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) living in an urban environment. This species inhabits artificial structures and tree holes around human settlements. We surveyed nests of tree sparrows on the Chonnam National University campus, located in Gwangju, Republic of Korea, during the first clutch from March to May 2020. We categorized nest types into natural and artificial nest sites. The tree sparrows selected natural nest sites such as woodpecker's holes and cracks in trees, and selected artificial nest sites which included holes in concrete buildings, under roofs, and in steel frames and nesting boxes. No significant differences were found in breeding schedules and reproductive success between birds nesting in artificial and natural holes. The results suggest that tree sparrows can successfully adapt to an urban environment by selecting nest sites regardless of nest hole type, and can reproduce successfully when nesting in both natural and artificial holes.
New species of Campoletis Förster, 1869 from the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae)
Authors: Vas Zoltán
Published: April 2024

Campoletis Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae) is a species-rich genus with more than 110 valid species known worldwide, most of them occurring in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. However, Campoletis species of the Neotropics are rather poorly discovered, previously only six species were known to occur in the region. In this paper Campoletis yaga sp. nov. is described from Chile, with notes on the identification of the species.
Combating Lonaliness Using AI
Authors: Kachhi Roopali
Published: April 2024

In today’s pervasive loneliness pandemic, affecting all age groups, innovative technologies like replicas, chatbots, and robots emerge as potent antidotes. Be- yond age barriers, from the young to the elderly, the epidemic of isolation looms large. These advanced technologies, with their empathetic interfaces, offer a transformative solution, mitigating loneliness by fostering meaningful connec- tions. This abstract envisions a future where artificial companionship becomes a pivotal force in elevating well-being, providing a respite from the prevailing solitude. Through replicative technologies, society may find solace in an inter- connected world, where the quest for companionship is met with the reassuring presence of artificial entities.
Comparison of Sentiment Analysis using VADER and RoBERTa
Authors: Hasan Zohaib , Singh Abhishek , Yadav Rajender Kumar
Published: April 2024

Analysing human emotions about a product or an incident is called sentiment analysis. In the current world where there are uncountable number of platforms where people free express their feelings, there is an overload of sentiment based data available. It has become a challenge to gather this data and get some useful information out of it. Sentiment analysis has become an important domain even before the time when various sophisticated techniques of machine learning and deep learning were available. By analyzing social media, product reviews, and customer support interactions, companies can promptly respond to emerging trends, manage their brand reputation, and enhance customer satisfaction. This paper makes an effort to analyze the sentiments of people about a product in Amazon. This paper first uses very basic machine model called VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner) and then a more sophisticated Deep Learning approach called RoBERTa (Robustly optimized Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers approach).
Sentiment Analysis View for Brand Reputation Monitoring on Social Media
Authors: Suryavanshi Pallavi , Gangele Sharad
Published: April 2024

A comprehensive examination of brand management and reputation in the digital era, highlighting the significance of creating a distinct identity for companies or products to stand out in a crowded market. The emphasis on brand credibility as a key factor in consumer choice environments underscores the necessity for companies to establish and maintain a positive image. The role of online reputation management, particularly on social media platforms, is rightly spotlighted as a criticalaspect of modern brand strategy. This approach not only involves monitoring and influencing how a brand is perceived across various online channels but also leveraging the power of social media influencers and internal stakeholders to enhance brand image and credibility. This paper exploration of how companies co-create and manage their brand image and reputation through strategic engagement with internal stakeholders and social media influencers, alongside the use of sentiment analysis for brand reputation analysis, offers valuable insights into effective brand management strategies in the digital age. This comprehensive approach to understanding and influencing brand perception online is crucial for companies looking to maintain a competitive edge and foster positive relationships with their consumers.
EFFECT OF JET EMBEDDED IN VORTEX GENERATORS ON DARRIEUS TURBINE BLADE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Bouderbala Feriel , Yahiaoui Tayeb , Youcefi A.
Published: April 2024

Self-start capability is an important feature of wind turbines. The present paper aims to improve Darrieus turbine blade performance at start-up by using a blade arrangement. Numerical flow analysis yielded the values of the NACA4415
lift and drag coefficients for impacts ranging from incidence -40° to 40° for several azimuth positions. Geometry with vortex generators and continuous blowing jets as passive and active controls has been tested, and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations were solved. Using the ANSYS CFX calculation code and realizable k-ε turbulence model, a tetrahedral mesh was employed to treat the flow character around an asymmetrical profile NACA4415, and the results were validated by wind tunnel measurements. The impact of several parameters (vortex generator position, span-wise distance for blowing) on the aerodynamic performance of the blade was studied. According to the investigation results, the optimal position for vortex generators was selected upstream of the separation zone at 0.35 c. Moreover, the blade performance at start-up was greatly enhanced when lowering the distance between the blowing holes.
Tommaso Giordani’s Solo Sonatas for the English Guitar as an Example of Guitar Literature from the Second Half of the 18th Century
Authors: Żegleń-Włodarczyk Małgorzata
Published: April 2024

The present study aims to present six solo sonatas by Tommaso Giordani (ca. 1730–1806) as an example of guitar literature from the second half of the 18th century. These compositions were originally written for the English guitar with basso continuo accompaniment performed on the harpsichord and come from a collection entitled Six Solos for a Guitar with a thorough Bass for the Harpsicord, and one Trio for a Guitar, Violin and Bass, published by Longman & Broderip in London in 1780.
Operas by Mykola Lysenko in the Context of Romantic Slavic Schools of the 19th Century
Authors: Kyyanovska Luba
Published: April 2024

For the dissemination of historical memory or the portrayal of national myth, opera was the most appropriate instrument. Romanticism was a period during which many of Europe’s national identities were formed. The primary function of the opera at the time was to return to national mythology and history. The focus of this contribution are the operas by Mykola Lysenko (Миколa Лисенкo, 1842–1912), the founder of the Ukrainian school of composition. These works, which are largely unknown in Poland, represent an interesting interpretation of the principles of the genre of the Romantic opera. They are based on folk mythology and historical themes, typical of many Slavic schools of composition. The article discusses Mykola Lysenko’s role among the representatives of the Slavic opera. Emphasis is placed on the importance of his work seen as a symbol of the ‘national spirit’, reflected in the content of the opera through the incorporation of historic traditions and myths, customs, folk rituals, etc. The article also compares Lysenko’s operatic oeuvre with the national opera genre in the legacy of artists belonging to other Slavic national schools: in Poland (Stanisław Moniuszko), the Czech Republic (Bedřich Smetana, Antonín Dvořák) and Russia (representatives of ‘The Five’, mainly Modest Mussorgsky, Alexander Borodin and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov). Attention is drawn to several common features common to most composers of the Slavic schools of opera, such as: — synthesis of the ‘general European technique’ of composition with national tradition; — remarkable range of themes and genres related to national themes (often with a folkloric flavour expressing these themes in a multitude of ways, using the widest range of varieties and genre models of the opera); — fusion of folk themes with generally accepted forms and means of expression in professional music of the period, prevalent in the Romantic style and post-Romantic influences.
The Guitar in the Polish Music Periodicals “Poradnik Muzyczny” (1947–1989 ) and “Przegląd Muzyczny” (1990–1991)
Authors: Gurgul Wojciech
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to present the contents of two music journals, “Poradnik Muzyczny” [“Music Guide”] and “Przegląd Muzyczny” [“Music Review”], published by the Ludowy Instytut Muzyczny [People’s Institute of Music] in Łódź, with a focus on subjects related to classical guitar and guitar music in Poland. For many years, these periodicals, issued on a monthly or bimonthly basis, depending on the period of publication, were the primary platform for exchanging ideas about the guitar in Poland. These journals published historical and methodological articles on the guitar, reports on guitar events, reviews of publications for the instrument, and original compositions and arrangements for guitar solo as well as for ensembles with the guitar.
Editorial
Authors: Sánchez Zepeda Andrea Kenya , De Martino Bermúdez Mónica S.
Published: April 2024

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İlkokul Öğretmenlerinin Örgütsel Mutluluk ve Örgütsel Sessizlikleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: İnan Alper Sinan , Ergen Hüseyin
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın başlıca amacı Mersin İli merkezindeki kamuya ait ilkokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutluluk düzeyleri ile örgütsel sessizlik düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Evreni Mersin ili merkez ilçelerindeki kamuya ait ilkokullarda çalışan 3989 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem ise ulaşılabilirlik esasına göre hesaplanmış, 723 öğretmene ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada demografik özellikleri gösteren bilgi formu, örgütsel mutluluk ölçeği ve örgütsel sessizlik ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin örgütsel mutluluk düzeyleri ve örgütsel sessizlik düzeylerinin, yaş, cinsiyet, kıdem ve kurumda çalışma süresine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediği ile sessizlik arasındaki korelasyon ve örgütsel sessizliği yordayan değişkenlerin belirlenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Veriler SPSS yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Demografik değişkenlere göre fark analizleri için t-testi ve ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Örgütsel mutluluk ve sessizlik düzeylerini yordayan değişkenlerin belirlenmesi için ise, stepwise EKK regresyon analizi yürütülmüştür. Örgütsel mutluluk ile örgütsel sessizlik arasında negatif yönlü orta düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Okul yöneticilerinin olumsuz duyguların yaşanmaması için gerekli ortamı hazırlayacak tedbir alması önerilmektedir.
The institutionalization of taekwondo in South Korea
Authors: Choi Hyun Min , Moenig Udo , Choi Chatchai
Published: April 2024

Taekwondo, designated as the official ‘national sport of the Republic of Korea,’ has been a source of pride and a point of reference for the Korean people. A great variety of academic articles and books have been published over the last decades about the general historical formation of taekwondo; however, the topic of taekwondo’s institutionalization in South Korea has been largely neglected or ignored. At some point in their lives, almost every South Korean, particularly within the male population when they enter military service, undergoes some form of taekwondo training. No other country in the world integrates martial arts in such a wide-ranging manner. Hence, this article aims to explain the broad integration of taekwondo into the public and higher education system and the military of South Korea. Subsequently, this study details taekwondo as a career opportunity in South Korea, which is highly unique among nations. Lastly, this article focuses on the broadening and specialization of taekwondo activities with the spread and popularization of ‘demonstration’ and ‘forms’ taekwondo. In summary, this article aims to explore these phenomena and contribute new insights to the field of Taekwondo Studies.
Guía para periodistas sobre cambio climático y biodiversidad
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: April 2024

En América Latina y el Caribe vivimos una paradoja. Por un lado, la región alberga el 40% de la biodiversidad mundial, la mitad de los bosques tropicales, la mayor reserva de agua dulce disponible, el 12% de los manglares del mundo y seis de los países más megadiversos. Por otro lado, está altamente amenazada por la crisis ambiental y la pérdida de biodiversidad: en 50 años, la región ha perdido el 94% de su población de vertebrados y tiene el mayor número de mamíferos, plantas, peces y aves amenazados del mundo. Además, presenta cifras alarmantes de vulnerabilidad, evidenciando la interconexión entre la pérdida de riqueza natural y los riesgos climáticos. Los riesgos ambientales y la pérdida de biodiversidad son desafíos que permean todas las esferas de la vida humana. Exacerban las desigualdades económicas, dificultan la prestación de servicios básicos, amenazan la seguridad alimentaria y provocan disrupciones en las actividades económicas. No obstante, también representan una oportunidad única para la región si se invierte en la transformación verde. Un nuevo enfoque centrado en la sostenibilidad no solo aumenta la productividad, sino que impulsa economías resilientes y equitativas. En este contexto, la labor de los periodistas se vuelve más relevante, pero también más desafiante. Esta guía se presenta como continuación de la Guía para periodistas sobre cambio climático 2022 y reúne consejos y buenas prácticas de periodistas que han enfrentado con éxito estos desafíos. Las secciones que aquí se incluyen están basadas en las presentaciones realizadas en el taller “Cambio climático y biodiversidad para editores y periodistas”, organizado por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) en septiembre de 2023.
Arctic in 2023: International and Russian Aspects
Authors: Zhuravel Valerii
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the international Arctic issues, the end of the Russian Chairmanship of the Arctic Council, as well as events in the Arctic that have influenced the policy of Russia and European countries in the Arctic. The situation was greatly complicated by Finland's accession to NATO and the upcoming admission of Sweden, which created real military threats to Russia in the Arctic. The author examines the complex problems of the Russian Arctic development, especially those related to the functioning and further development of the Northern Sea Route.
The Arctic Vector in Canadian Politics and US Military Plans
Authors: Issraelyan Evgenia
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the following issues: the importance of the Arctic for the economic and political development of Canada; the evolution of its northern policy; the role of Canada in the Arctic strategy of the United States. It is concluded that in the new geopolitical situation, the Arctic direction is becoming a priority for Ottawa. Canada's increasing role in the US Arctic plans depends primarily on the modernization of its weapons and the development of a new defence policy.
The US in the Arctic, 2023 to Early 2024: the “General Plan”, Continental Shelf Claims, and Increased Military-Political Activities
Authors: Terebov Oleg
Published: April 2024

The article describes such components of the US Arctic policy in 2023-2024 as the “Implementation Plan for the 2022 National Strategy for the Arctic Region”, announcement of U.S. extended continental shelf outer limits, military-political activities and icebreaker construction. It is concluded that conflict-generating trends in the international Arctic politics are strengthening but it is possible to prevent a shift to open confrontation with possible incidents, by attempting to reach agreements on risk avoidance in the Arctic.
Teaching at rehabilitation schools: An exploration of approaches
Authors: Bakar Noor Insyiraah Abu , Hashim Abdul Talib Mohamed , Bakar Azlina Abu , Zalli Mohd Muslim Md , Idris Izazol
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the teaching approaches that are appropriate for juveniles so that they can gain knowledge and skills in line with current demands and develop their potential. A qualitative approach was employed, specifically a constructivist grounded theory research design, involving 15 teachers and three administrators from the three rehabilitation schools. To ensure an in-depth exploration of these issues, data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Observations were also carried out in order to support the interview data and to give a full picture from various perspectives. The findings showed that the teachers practiced various teaching approaches that were appropriate for the conditions and problems of the juveniles at the schools, as detailed in this article. Additionally, the results also revealed that teachers need to choose appropriate teaching approaches to ensure that effective learning can be provided to juveniles, who on average do not have a good educational background and tend to drop out of school. Given that the results of this study are based on the experiences of teachers with extensive backgrounds in teaching juveniles, it is hoped that it will offer valuable insights and fundamental direction to future teachers who will be tasked with instructing juveniles.
Structural modeling of the relationship between occupational stress, occupational motivation, and job satisfaction among school teachers in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: AlShuaili Ali Sulaiman Talib , Yussef Muhammed
Published: April 2024

This study aims to explore the effect of occupational stress on occupational motivation and job satisfaction among teachers in government schools in the sultanate of Oman from the perspective of teachers. The study follows a cross-sectional research design and uses a research questionnaire as the main tool with standardized scales to measure occupational stress, occupational motivation and job satisfaction. The probability sampling method was used to select respondents randomly using a sampling frame obtained from the Ministry of Education. The sample size of the study comprises 410 schoolteachers in the Sultanate of Oman. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the relationships across the variables. The results showed a statistically significant effect of occupational stress on occupational motivation and job satisfaction, and a statistically significant effect of job satisfaction on occupational motivation. Awareness programs are recommended to help build the respect that teachers deserve for the essential roles they play in their work environment with respect to preparing the new generation for future endeavors.