bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of specialized composition of SWI/SNF complexes in prostate cancer lineage plasticity
Authors: Cyrta Joanna , Augspach Anke , De Filippo Maria Rosaria , Prandi Davide , Thienger Phillip , Benelli Matteo , Cooley Victoria , Bareja Rohan , Wilkes David , Chae Sung-Suk , Cavaliere Paola , Dephoure Noah , Uldry Anne-Christine , Lagache Sophie Braga , Roma Luca , Cohen Sandra , Jaquet Muriel , Brandt Laura P. , Alshalalfa Mohammed , Puca Loredana , Sboner Andrea , Feng Felix , Wang Shangqian , Beltran Himisha , Lotan Tamara , Spahn Martin , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna , Chen Yu , Ballman Karla V. , Demichelis Francesca , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Rubin Mark A.
Published: November 2020

Advanced prostate cancer initially responds to hormonal treatment, but ultimately becomes resistant and requires more potent therapies. One mechanism of resistance observed in around 10–20% of these patients is lineage plasticity, which manifests in a partial or complete small cell or neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) phenotype. Here, we investigate the role of the mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex in NEPC. Using large patient datasets, patient-derived organoids and cancer cell lines, we identify mSWI/SNF subunits that are deregulated in NEPC and demonstrate that SMARCA4 (BRG1) overexpression is associated with aggressive disease. We also show that SWI/SNF complexes interact with different lineage-specific factors in NEPC compared to prostate adenocarcinoma. These data point to a role for mSWI/SNF complexes in therapy-related lineage plasticity, which may also be relevant for other solid tumors.
Author Correction: Bacterial nanotubes as a manifestation of cell death
Authors: Pospíšil Jiří , Vítovská Dragana , Kofroňová Olga , Muchová Katarína , Šanderová Hana , Hubálek Martin , Šiková Michaela , Modrák Martin , Benada Oldřich , Barák Imrich , Krásný Libor
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Phylogenomic analysis sheds light on the evolutionary pathways towards acoustic communication in Orthoptera
Authors: Song Hojun , Béthoux Olivier , Shin Seunggwan , Donath Alexander , Letsch Harald , Liu Shanlin , McKenna Duane D. , Meng Guanliang , Misof Bernhard , Podsiadlowski Lars , Zhou Xin , Wipfler Benjamin , Simon Sabrina
Published: November 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Nonverbal leadership emergence in walking groups
Authors: Lombardi Maria , Warren William H. , di Bernardo Mario
Published: November 2020

The mechanisms underlying the emergence of leadership in multi-agent systems are under investigation in many areas of research where group coordination is involved. Nonverbal leadership has been mostly investigated in the case of animal groups, and only a few works address the problem in human ensembles, e.g. pedestrian walking, group dance. In this paper we study the emergence of leadership in the specific scenario of a small walking group. Our aim is to propose a rigorous mathematical methodology capable of unveiling the mechanisms of leadership emergence in a human group when leader or follower roles are not designated a priori. Two groups of participants were asked to walk together and turn or change speed at self-selected times. Data were analysed using time-dependent cross correlation to infer leader-follower interactions between each pair of group members. The results indicate that leadership emergence is due both to contextual factors, such as an individual’s position in the group, and to personal factors, such as an individual’s characteristic locomotor behaviour. Our approach can easily be extended to larger groups and other scenarios such as team sports and emergency evacuations.
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) shows genetic variation in phosphorus use efficiency in different P environments
Authors: Powers Sarah , Mirsky Emily , Bandaranayake Anuruddha , Thavarajah Pushparajah , Shipe Emerson , Bridges William , Thavarajah Dil
Published: November 2020

Field pea is important to agriculture as a nutritionally dense legume, able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere and supply it back to the soil. However, field pea requires more phosphorus (P) than other crops. Identifying field pea cultivars with high phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is highly desirable for organic pulse crop biofortification. This study identified field pea accessions with high PUE by determining (1) the variation in P remobilization rate, (2) correlations between P and phytic acid (PA), and (3) broad-sense heritability estimates of P concentrations. Fifty field pea accessions were grown in a completely randomized design in a greenhouse with two replicates under normal (7551 ppm) and reduced (4459 ppm) P fertilizer conditions and harvested at two time points (mid-pod and full-pod). P concentrations ranged from 332 to 9520 ppm under normal P and from 83 to 8473 ppm under reduced P conditions across all tissues and both time points. Field pea accessions showed variation in remobilization rates, with PI 125840 and PI 137119 increasing remobilization of P under normal P conditions. Field pea accessions PI 411142 and PI 413683 increased P remobilization under the reduced P treatment. No correlation was evident between tissue P concentration and seed PA concentration (8–61 ppm). Finally, seed P concentration under limited P conditions was highly heritable (H2 = 0.85), as was mid-pod lower leaf P concentrations under normal P conditions (H2 = 0.81). In conclusion, breeding for PUE in field pea is possible by selecting for higher P remobilization accessions in low P soils with genetic and location sourcing.
Glucocorticoid-dependent transcription in skin requires epidermal expression of the glucocorticoid receptor and is modulated by the mineralocorticoid receptor
Authors: Sevilla Lisa M. , Bigas Judit , Chiner-Oms Álvaro , Comas Iñaki , Sentandreu Vicente , Pérez Paloma
Published: November 2020

Glucocorticoid (GC) actions are mediated through two closely related ligand-dependent transcription factors, the GC receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Given the wide and effective use of GCs to combat skin inflammatory diseases, it is important to understand the relative contribution of these receptors to the transcriptional response to topical GCs. We evaluated the gene expression profiles in the skin of mice with epidermal-specific loss of GR (GREKO), MR (MREKO), or both (double KO; DKO) in response to dexamethasone (Dex). The overall transcriptional response was abolished in GREKO and DKO skin suggesting dependence of the underlying dermis on the presence of epidermal GR. Indeed, the observed dermal GC resistance correlated with a constitutive decrease in GR activity and up-regulation of p38 activity in this skin compartment. Upon Dex treatment, more than 90% of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CO overlapped with MREKO. However, the number of DEGs was fourfold increased and the magnitude of response was higher in MREKO vs CO, affecting both gene induction and repression. Taken together our data reveal that, in the cutaneous transcriptional response to GCs mediated through endogenous receptors, epidermal GR is mandatory while epidermal MR acts as a chief modulator of gene expression.
Authentification of fruit spirits using HS-SPME/GC-FID and OPLS methods
Authors: Bajer Tomáš , Hill Martin , Ventura Karel , Bajerová Petra
Published: November 2020

This research provides an accurate description of the origin for fruit spirits. In total, 63 samples of various kinds of fruit spirits (especially from apples, pears, plums, apricots and mirabelle) were analysed using headspace-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography with flame-ionization detector. Obtained volatile profiles were treated and analysed by multivariate regression with a reduction of dimensionality-orthogonal projections to latent structure for the classification of fruit spirits according to their fruit of origin. Basic result of statistical analysis was the differentiation of spirits to groups with respect to fruit kind. Tested kinds of fruit spirits were strictly separated from each other. The selection was achieved with a specificity of 1.000 and a sensitivity of 1.000 for each kind of spirit. The statistical model was verified by an external validation. Hierarchical cluster analysis (calculation of distances by Ward’s method) showed a similarity of volatile profiles of pome fruit spirits (apple and pear brandies) and stone fruit spirits (especially mirabelle and plum brandies).
Transformation of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae during systemic infection
Authors: Bradshaw Jessica L. , Rafiqullah Iftekhar M. , Robinson D. Ashley , McDaniel Larry S.
Published: November 2020

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a principal cause of bacterial middle ear infections, pneumonia, and meningitis. Capsule-targeted pneumococcal vaccines have likely contributed to increased carriage of nonencapsulated S. pneumoniae (NESp). Some NESp lineages are associated with highly efficient DNA uptake and transformation frequencies. However, NESp strains lack capsule that may increase disease severity. We tested the hypothesis that NESp could acquire capsule during systemic infection and transform into more virulent pneumococci. We reveal that NESp strains MNZ67 and MNZ41 are highly transformable and resistant to multiple antibiotics. Natural transformation of NESp when co-administered with heat-killed encapsulated strain WU2 in a murine model of systemic infection resulted in encapsulation of NESp and increased virulence during bacteremia. Functional capsule production increased the pathogenic potential of MNZ67 by significantly decreasing complement deposition on the bacterial surface. However, capsule acquisition did not further decrease complement deposition on the relatively highly pathogenic strain MNZ41. Whole genome sequencing of select transformants demonstrated that recombination of up to 56.7 kbp length occurred at the capsule locus, along with additional recombination occurring at distal sites harboring virulence-associated genes. These findings indicate NESp can compensate for lack of capsule production and rapidly evolve into more virulent strains.
Population genetic portrait of Pakistani Lahore-Christians based on 32 STR loci
Authors: Rubab Aqsa , Shafique Muhammad , Javed Faqeeha , Saleem Samia , Zahra Fatima Tuz , McNevin Dennis , Shahid Ahmad Ali
Published: November 2020

Phylogenetic relationship and the population structure of 500 individuals from the Christian community of Lahore, Pakistan, were examined based on 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) using the AmpFℓSTR Identifiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit and our previously published Y-filer kit data (17 Y-STRs) of same samples. A total of 147 alleles were observed in 15 loci and allele 11 at the TPOX locus was the most frequent with frequency value (0.464). The data revealed that the Christian population has unique genetic characteristics with respect to a few unusual alleles and their frequencies relative to the other Pakistani population. Significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were found at two loci (D13S317, D18S51) after Boneferroni’s correction (p ≤ 0.003). The combined power of discrimination, combined power of exclusion and cumulative probability of matching were 0.999999999999999978430815060354, 0.999995039393942 and 2.15692 × 10−17, respectively. On the bases of genetic distances, PCA, phylogenetic and structure analysis Lahore-Christians appeared genetically more associated to south Asian particularly Indian populations like Tamil, Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh than rest of global populations.
Morphological and physiological changes in Lentilactobacillus hilgardii cells after cold plasma treatment
Authors: Niedźwiedź Iwona , Juzwa Wojciech , Skrzypiec Krzysztof , Skrzypek Tomasz , Waśko Adam , Kwiatkowski Michał , Pawłat Joanna , Polak-Berecka Magdalena
Published: November 2020

Atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) inactivation of Lentilactobacillus hilgardii was investigated. Bacteria were exposed to ACP dielectric barrier discharge with helium and oxygen as working gases for 5, 10, and 15 min. The innovative approach in our work for evaluation of bacterial survival was the use in addition to the classical plate culture method also flow cytometry which allowed the cells to be sorted and revealed different physiological states after the plasma treatment. Results showed total inhibition of bacterial growth after 10-min of ACP exposure. However, the analysis of flow cytometry demonstrated the presence of 14.4% of active cells 77.5% of cells in the mid-active state and 8.1% of dead cells after 10 min. In addition, some of the cells in the mid-active state showed the ability to grow again on culture medium, thus confirming the hypothesis of induction of VBNC state in L .hilgardii cells by cold plasma. In turn, atomic force microscopy (AFM) which was used to study morphological changes in L. hilgardii after plasma treatment at particular physiological states (active, mid-active, dead), showed that the surface roughness of the mid-active cell (2.70 ± 0.75 nm) was similar to that of the control sample (2.04 ± 0.55 nm). The lack of considerable changes on the cell surface additionally explains the effective cell resuscitation. To the best of our knowledge, AFM was used for the first time in this work to analyze cells which have been sorted into subpopulations after cold plasma treatment and this is the first work indicating the induction of VBNC state in L. hilgardii cells after exposure to cold plasma.
Performance controlled via surface oxygen-vacancy in Ti-based oxide catalyst during methyl oleate epoxidation
Authors: Praserthdam Supareak , Rittiruam Meena , Maungthong Kanokpon , Saelee Tinnakorn , Somdee Siriwimol , Praserthdam Piyasan
Published: November 2020

The catalytic performance with high conversion and high selectivity of Ti-based oxide catalysts have been widely investigated. Besides, stability, which is an essential parameter in the industrial process, lacked fundamental understanding. In this work, we combined computational and experimental techniques to provide insight into the deactivation of P25 and TS-1 Ti-based oxide catalysts during the methyl oleate (MO) epoxidation. The considered deactivation mechanisms are fouling and surface oxygen vacancy (OV). The fouling causes temporary catalyst deactivation through active site blockage but can be removed via calcination in air at high temperature. However, in this work, the OV formation plays an important role in the overall performance of the spent catalyst as the deactivated catalyst after regeneration, cannot be restored to the initial activity. Also, the effects of OV in spent catalysts caused (i) the formation of more Ti3+ species on the surface as evident by XPS and Bader charge analysis, (ii) the activity modification of the active region on the catalyst surface as the reduction in energy gap (Eg) occurred from the formation of the interstates observed in the density of states profiles of spent catalyst modeled by the O-vacant P25 and TS-1 models. This reduction in Eg affects directly the strength of Ti–OOH active site and MO bonding, in which high binding energy contributes to a low conversion because the MO needed an O atom from Ti–OOH site to form the methyl-9,10-epoxy stearate. Hence, the deactivation of the Ti-based oxide catalysts is caused not only by the insoluble by-products blocking the active region but also mainly from the OV. Note that the design of reactive and stable Ti-based oxide catalysts for MO epoxidation needed strategies to prevent OV formation that permanently deactivated the active region. Thus, the interrelation and magnitude between fouling and OV formation on catalyst deactivation will be investigated in future works.
The study of automatic machine learning base on radiomics of non-focus area in the first chest CT of different clinical types of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Tan Hui-Bin , Xiong Fei , Jiang Yuan-Liang , Huang Wen-Cai , Wang Ye , Li Han-Han , You Tao , Fu Ting-Ting , Lu Ran , Peng Bi-Wen
Published: November 2020

To explore the possibility of predicting the clinical types of Corona-Virus-Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia by analyzing the non-focus area of the lung in the first chest CT image of patients with COVID-19 by using automatic machine learning (Auto-ML). 136 moderate and 83 severe patients were selected from the patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The clinical and laboratory data were collected for statistical analysis. The texture features of the Non-focus area of the first chest CT of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were extracted, and then the classification model of the first chest CT of COVID-19 pneumonia was constructed by using these texture features based on the Auto-ML method of radiomics, The area under curve(AUC), true positive rate(TPR), true negative rate (TNR), positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the first chest CT image classification model in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. The TPR, TNR, PPV, NPV and AUC of the training cohort and test cohort of the moderate group and the control group, the severe group and the control group, the moderate group and the severe group were all greater than 95% and 0.95 respectively. The non-focus area of the first CT image of COVID-19 pneumonia has obvious difference in different clinical types. The AUTO-ML classification model of Radiomics based on this difference can be used to predict the clinical types of COVID-19 pneumonia.
High-pressure and low-temperature structural study of claudetite I, a monoclinic layered As2O3polymorph
Authors: Guńka Piotr A. , Hanfland Michael , Chen Yu-Sheng , Zachara Janusz
Published: November 2020

High-pressure structural studies of claudetite I reveal that it exhibits the lowest As coordination numbers despite being the densest As2O3polymorph.
Effect of Mg2+ and Mg2+/Li+ electrolytes on rechargeable magnesium batteries based on an erythrocyte-like CuS cathode
Authors: Ma Yiming , Shuai Kang , Zhou Libing , Wang Jin , Wang Qiange
Published: November 2020

An erythrocyte-like CuS electrode delivers a high capacity, higher rate capability, and superior cycling stability in ans Mg2+/Li+ complex electrolyte.
Synthesis, characterization, third-order non-linear optical properties and DFT studies of novel SUBO bridged ball-type metallophthalocyanines
Authors: Alizadeh Shabnam , Kösoğlu Gülşen , Erdem Murat , Açar-Selçuki Nursel , Özer Metin , Salih Bekir , Bekaroğlu Özer
Published: November 2020

Novel SUBO bridged ball-type metallophthalocyanines were synthesized. NLA of the complexes indicated that BTCuPc has significantly better nonlinear optical properties. DFT was used for geometry optimizations and optical analyses.
In situ observation of pH change during water splitting in neutral pH conditions: impact of natural convection driven by buoyancy effects
Authors: Obata Keisuke , van de Krol Roel , Schwarze Michael , Schomäcker Reinhard , Abdi Fatwa F.
Published: November 2020

Buoyancy-driven natural convection stabilizes the pH and reduces overpotentials during water splitting, both in near-neutral pH unbuffered and buffered solutions.
Epitaxial halide perovskite-based materials for photoelectric energy conversion
Authors: Zhou Ziren , Qiao Hong Wei , Hou Yu , Yang Hua Gui , Yang Shuang
Published: November 2020

A review on epitaxial perovskite structures from material combinations and structural motifs to photoelectric energy conversion applications.
Solid-state fluorescent carbon dots: quenching resistance strategies, high quantum efficiency control, multicolor tuning, and applications
Authors: Wang Junli , Yang Yongzhen , Liu Xuguang
Published: November 2020

In this review, comprehensive overview about solid-state fluorescent CDs is given, with especial emphasis on the strategies for quenching-resistance, the methods for high quantum efficiency, the methods for multicolor tuning and their application.
Development of functionalized peptides for efficient inhibition of myostatin by selective photooxygenation
Authors: Okamoto Hideyuki , Taniguchi Atsuhiko , Usami Shoya , Katsuyama Masahiro , Konno Sho , Taguchi Akihiro , Takayama Kentaro , Hayashi Yoshio
Published: November 2020

Functionalized peptides which consist of myostatin-binding peptide and on/off-switchable catalyst efficiently inhibit myostatin by selective photooxygenation, leading to a therapeutic strategy for muscular atrophic disorders.
Influence of the interfacial molecular structures of quaternary ammonium-type poly(ionic liquid) brushes on their antibacterial properties
Authors: Kong Lingli , Zhang Ming , Zhang Yan , Zhang Wei , Zhou Xianjing , Zhang Li , Wang Xinping
Published: November 2020

Alkyl chains of C4 are more active in killing bacteria than C16 due to their orderly extension toward PBS solution.
Tacticity, molecular weight, and temporal control by lanthanide triflate-catalyzed stereoselective radical polymerization of acrylamides with an organotellurium chain transfer agent
Authors: Imamura Yuji , Fujita Takehiro , Kobayashi Yu , Yamago Shigeru
Published: November 2020

Ternary control over molecular weight, tacticity, and time was achieved in the polymerization of acrylamides by photo-induced organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP) in the presence of Y(OTf)3 or Yb(OTf)3 as an acid catalyst.
Molecular control over vitrimer-like mechanics – tuneable dynamic motifs based on the Hammett equation in polyimine materials
Authors: Schoustra Sybren K. , Dijksman Joshua A. , Zuilhof Han , Smulders Maarten M. J.
Published: November 2020

Controlling macroscopic material properties of dynamic covalent polyiminesviathe electronic effect of dianiline monomers based on the Hammett equation.
Identification prognosis-associated immune genes in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Miao Yandong , Wang Jiangtao , Ma Xueping , Yang Yuan , Mi Denghai
Published: November 2020

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Immune genes (IGs) have a considerable correlation with tumor initiation and prognosis. The present paper aims to identify the prognosis value of IGs in COAD and conduct a prognosis model for clinical utility. Gene expression data of COAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), screening and analyzing differentially expressed IGs by bioinformatics. Core genes were screened by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Survival analysis was appraised by the Kaplan–Meier method and the log-rank test. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to identify IGs’ relevant signal pathways. We predicted the overall survival (OS) by nomogram. Finally, a prognosis model was conducted based on 12 IGs (SLC10A2, CXCL3, NOX4, FABP4, ADIPOQ, IGKV1-33, IGLV6-57, INHBA, UCN, VIP, NGFR, and TRDC). The risk score was an independent prognostic factor, and a nomogram could accurately predict the OS of individual COAD patients. These results were validated in GSE39582, GSE12945, and GSE103479 cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these IGs are mainly enriched in hormone secretion, hormone transport, lipid transport, cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling pathway. In summary, the risk score is an independent prognostic biomarker. We also excavated several IGs related to COAD’s survival and maybe potential biomarkers for COAD diagnosis and treatment.
Fast and reliable index to protect the synchronous generators against loss of field incidence
Authors: Rostami Ali , Rezaei Navid
Published: November 2020

This study presents a new index for fast and reliable protection of the synchronous generator (SG) against loss of field (LOF) incidence, focusing on the operation time, reliability in clustering LOF, power system disturbance (PSD), and practical application. To this end, all allowable electrical parameters at SG output are acquired and thoroughly analysed. Analytical analysis of the parameters indicates that reactive power (QSG) and load angle (δSG) parameters have better conditions to improve the mentioned factors. Hence, based on the δSG increment and QSG decrement during LOF events, a new index based on the ratio of deviations of the δSG over QSG (ΔδSG/ΔQSG) is proposed as a suitable criterion owing to remarkable fast sensitivity to LOF and PSD events. In the proposed algorithm, analysis of the events by the proposed ΔδSG/ΔQSG index is dependent on ΔVSG < 0 condition. Extensive simulation studies demonstrated that the proposed LOFPS is a straightforward method to immediately and securely distinguish between LOF and PSD events, and it also has minimum operation time than other methods. Moreover, numerical data affirmed the greater changes of the ΔδSG/ΔQSG index during LOF events than those in PSD events, giving rise to the easy clustering of both LOF/PSD events.
Flexible gypsum mould applied in the mechanical system for blank of grouted ceramic handicrafts based on the radial movement of the sphere and connection by the principle of six‐point positioning
Authors: Lizhi Gu , Ehui Huang , Jinling Song , Jianmin Xu , Nianfu Zeng , Yuhao Fang , Wei Sun , Zhenhua Chen
Published: November 2020

In order to solve the problems of low production efficiency, poor quality of blanks, high labour intensity and inability to meet the market demand with the manual gypsum mould, a novel design of the gypsum mould to be applied into the automatic production of the planks was developed for ceramic handicrafts. This mould inherits the advantages of the manual mould with tenon–mortise connection and adopts six‐piece combination. According to the spherical radial movement, the new mould opens and closes, mostly avoiding movement interference and significantly improving service life. The connection technique of ‘six‐point positioning principle’ was proposed and adopted to embed the connection device of four side die pieces with manipulator, so as to realise the strength of gypsum die pieces and effectively connect with the manipulator. Based on the group technique, the standard eigenvector and norm for the grouping of geometric elements of target blanks were proposed to realise the grouping of many different kinds of blanks into a few number of groups with all the blanks. Within a group, the gypsum mould keeps the external geometric features and tenon–mortise connection unchanged, while the working cavity of different blanks only alters, for the flexibility of gypsum mould. Thus, the universality of the mould is gained, and the design and manufacturing efficiency is greatly improved, with the considerable reduction of the cost, and the digitisation of design, manufacturing and management processes is realised. The gypsum mould provides a new technological method and technical guarantee for changing the labour‐intensive production mode of ceramic handicraft blank cast and forming, realising the intellectualisation and automation of the main production link of ceramic handicraft blank cast and efficiency automatic and intellectualised production of ceramic handicraft blank with high identity.
Improving word vector model with part‐of‐speech and dependency grammar information
Authors: Deng Chunhui , Lai Gangming , Deng Huifang
Published: November 2020

Part‐of‐speech (POS) and dependency grammar (DG) are the basic components of natural language processing. However, current word vector models have not made full use of both POS information and DG information, and hence the models’ performances are limited to some extent. The authors first put forward the concept of POS vector, and then, based on continuous bag‐of‐words (CBOW), constructed four models: CBOW + P, CBOW + PW, CBOW + G, and CBOW + G + P to incorporate POS information and DG information into word vectors. The CBOW + P and CBOW + PW models are based on POS tagging, the CBOW + G model is based on DG parsing, and the CBOW + G + P model is based on POS tagging and DG parsing. POS information is integrated into the training process of word vectors through the POS vector to solve the problem of the POS similarity being difficult to measure. The POS vector correlation coefficient and distance weighting function are used to train the POS vector as well as the word vector. DG information is used to correct the information loss caused by fixed context windows. Dependency relations weight is used to measure the difference of dependency relations. Experiments demonstrated the superior performance of their models while the time complexity is still kept the same as the base model of CBOW.
Activity time series of old stars from late F to early K
Authors: Meunier N. , Lagrange A.-M. , Borgniet S.
Published: November 2020

Context. Stellar activity strongly affects and may prevent the detection of Earth-mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars with radial velocity technics. Astrometry is in principle less sensitive to stellar activity because the situation is more favourable: the stellar astrometric signal is expected to be fainter than the planetary astrometric signal compared to radial velocities.

Aims. We quantify the effect of stellar activity on high-precision astrometry when Earth-mass planets are searched for in the habitable zone around old main-sequence solar-type stars.

Methods. We used a very large set of magnetic activity synthetic time series to characterise the properties of the stellar astrometric signal. We then studied the detectability of exoplanets based on different approaches: first based on the theoretical level of false positives derived from the synthetic time series, and then with blind tests for old main-sequence F6-K4 stars.

Results. The amplitude of the signal can be up to a few times the solar value depending on the assumptions made for activity level, spectral type, and spot contrast. The detection rates for 1 MEarth planets are very good, however, with extremely low false-positive rates in the habitable zone for stars in the F6-K4 range at 10 pc. The standard false-alarm probability using classical bootstrapping on the time series strongly overestimates the false-positive level. This affects the detection rates.

Conclusions. We conclude that if technological challenges can be overcome and very high precision is reached, astrometry is much more suitable for detecting Earth-mass planets in the habitable zone around nearby solar-type stars than radial velocity, and detection rates are much higher for this range of planetary masses and periods when astrometric techniques are used than with radial velocity techniques.
Environmental Problems and Countermeasures of Drinking Water Sources in Northwest China
Authors: Yan Li
Published: November 2020

Through sorting out the current situation of environmental protection of urban centralized drinking water sources in Northwest China, and systematically analyzing the main problems and deficiencies in the process of standardization of centralized drinking water sources. Corresponding countermeasures are proposed from the aspects of system establishment and water source construction, source protection area division, water quality improvement, environmental supervision, etc., which provide references for the next step of water source management, environmental remediation and risk prevention and control.
Distribution and Source of Pb in Urban Topsoil
Authors: Luo Yuhu , Lu Nan
Published: November 2020

In the process of industrialization and urbanization, human activities have caused more and more heavy metal lead to enter the surface soil, causing harm to the health of residents. Analysis of the status of lead pollution in urban surface soils in China found that lead pollution in most cities currently exceeds regional background values. The sources of heavy metals in cities mainly include transportation, industrial emissions, and human activities. At present, the methods for determining sources include three methods: multivariate statistical analysis, geographic information systems, and isotope tracing.
Application of clay minerals in remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil
Authors: Yingying Sun , Baoqiang Zhang , Yang Wei
Published: November 2020

In modern times where heavy metal pollution in soil is becoming more and more serious, the new natural non-polluting remediation methods represented by clay mineral materials have attracted more and more attention in the industry.In this paper, the research progress on the types and basic characteristics of clay mineral materials, the effect and mechanism of remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil at home and abroad was comprehensively discussed. The deficiencies of relevant studies were also summarized, and the future research trend was predicted.
Design of a small logistics robot system based on solar energy
Authors: Chen Hong
Published: November 2020

In recent years, with the rise of various take-out and express companies, small-scale logistics such as take-out has become an important part of people’s daily life, and riders shuttle between major campuses and communities, generating energy from the distribution of battery cars and motorcycles. Consumption, exhaust pollution, and campus traffic accidents. In response to this situation, this paper designs and implements a small solar-based logistics robot, hoping to make campus takeaway delivery more energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, safer, smarter and more efficient.
Research on Energy-Saving Technology of Ocean-Going Ship Electrical Equipment
Authors: Zhu Xinyu
Published: November 2020

In recent years, my country’s high-tech technology has shown an unstoppable development trend, which has promoted the application of electrical equipment in the domestic shipbuilding industry. Energy conservation and environmental protection have gradually become the theme of the times. Ships need to pay attention to the application of energy-saving technology when applying electrical equipment to ensure that ships can play a practical role in green and environmental protection. This article focuses on the problem that the power consumption of marine auxiliary machinery greatly affects the endurance, and elaborates the energy-saving technology of marine auxiliary electrical equipment in detail, and analyses the energy-saving effect it can bring, and finally the application prospects of the marine auxiliary energy-saving technology the outlook was carried out.
Analysis on the Applicability of Phase Selection Components of Inverter Power Supply Transmission Line
Authors: Shuo Xu , Bingyuan Yang , Dongsheng Li
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the applicability of AC line phase selection components in the context of large-scale offshore wind farms through multi-terminal flexible direct transmission. When the AC line fails, the converter station adopts a control strategy to suppress negative sequence and only outputs positive sequence current, resulting The positive and negative sequence current distribution coefficients on the converter station side are seriously unequal; This leads to adaptability problems of traditional protection phase selection components, which may cause incorrect actions of reclosing, protection ranging and distance protection. The simulation results based on RTDS verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Research on Day-ahead Dispatch of Electricity-heat Integrated Energy System Based on Improved PSO Algorithm
Authors: Shuai Xuanyue , Wang Xiuli , Li Kaiying , Wang Bangyan , Yuan Shengqi , Zhang Liang
Published: November 2020

With the increasingly serious environmental pollution, it is of great significance to construct a comprehensive day-ahead dispatch model of the integrated energy system. For the regional electricity-heat integrated energy system, firstly analyze the operating characteristics and dispatch costs of all units in the system, and then establish the day-ahead economic dispatch model of the system. Furthermore, an improved PSO algorithm is designed based on the idea of adaptive weight and genetic algorithm, and the appropriate algorithm is used to solve the work schedule of each unit in the system through a calculation example. Then the sensitivity analysis of the electric boiler capacity is carried out. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed model is verified through the results analysis, which provides a reference scheme for the electricity-heat integrated energy system including electric vehicles.
Konzeptentwicklung zum Materialtransport per Drohne zwischen den drei Kreisspitalstiftungskliniken im Kreis Neu-Ulm
Authors: Stitz Marcel S.A. , Swoboda Walter , Holl Felix
Published: November 2020

Die Logistik stellt Klinken im ländlichen Raum mit mehreren Standorten vor große organisatorische und finanzielle Herausforderungen. Mit einer Machbarkeitsstudie wurde der Einsatz von drohnengetriebenem Materialtransport untersucht. Die wirtschaftliche und rechtliche Machbarkeit eines drohnengetriebenen Materialtransportes zwischen drei Kliniken in Bayern gestaltet sich schwierig. Föderalismus, komplexe Gesetzgebung und geringe Transportkapazitäten verhindern einen sinnvollen Einsatz der Technologie zum Materialtransport im beleuchteten Szenario.
Antiproliferative Effects of Pterodon pubescens Extract and Isolated Diterpenes in HaCaT Cells
Authors: Basting Rosanna Tarkany , de Oliveira Sousa Ilza Maria , Butterweck Veronika , Foglio Mary Ann
Published: November 2020

Pterodon pubescens fruits are popularly used because of their analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions, which are attributed to the isolated compounds with a vouacapan skeleton. This work aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of a P. pubescens fruit dichloromethane extract and the vouacapan diterpene furan isomerʼs mixture (1 : 1) (6α-hydroxy-7β-acetoxy-vouacapan-17β-oate methyl ester and 6α-acetoxy-7β-hydroxy-vouacapan-17β-oate methyl ester isomers) in HaCaT cells using the cell migration and the BrDU incorporation assay. Levels of IL-8 were measured by ELISA after TNF-α stimulation. HPLC/DAD analysis of the extract revealed the expressive presence of vouacapan diterpene furan isomerʼs mixture. P. pubescens extract (1.5625 – 25 µg/mL) and vouacapan diterpene furan isomerʼs mixture (3.125 – 50 µM) inhibited cell proliferation as indicated by a decreased
BrdU-incorporation. For the evaluation of cell migration, time-lapse microscopy was used. P. pubescens presented inhibition on cell migration at all concentrations tested (3.125 – 12.5 µg/mL), whereas for the VDFI mixture, the inhibition was only observed at the highest concentrations (12.5 and 25 µM) tested. Furthermore P. pubescens extract and vouacapan diterpene furan isomerʼs mixture significantly decreased IL-8 levels. Our results showed antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects on HaCaT cells treated with the extract and the vouacapan isomerʼs mixture, without affecting cell viability. These activities could be attributed to the voucapan molecular structures. In conclusion, topical products developed of P. pubescens extract or the voucapan isomerʼs mixture should be further studied as a potential product for local treatment against hyperproliferative lesions as in psoriasis vulgaris, representing an alternative treatment approach.
Synthesis of Optically Active Maresin 2 and Maresin 2n-3 DPA
Authors: Ogawa Narihito , Amano Takahito , Kobayashi Yuichi
Published: November 2020

Maresins are among the most potent antiinflammatory lipid metabolites. We report stereoselective syntheses of maresin 2 and maresin 2n-3 DPA. The anti-diol was constructed through epoxide ring opening of an optically active β,γ-epoxy aldehyde, synthesized in situ by Swern oxidation of the corresponding alcohol. Finally, the target compounds were synthesized through a Sonogashira coupling of a C9–C22 iodide and methyl (Z)-oct-4-en-7-ynoate or methyl oct-7-ynoate, respectively.
Opportunities Using Boron to Direct Reactivity in the Organic Solid State
Authors: MacGillivray Leonard R. , Campillo-Alvarado Gonzalo
Published: November 2020

This Account describes work by our research group that highlights opportunities to utilize organoboron molecules to direct chemical reactivity in the organic solid state. Specifically, we convey a previously unexplored use of hydrogen bonding of boronic acids and boron coordination in boronic esters to achieve [2+2]-photocycloadditions in crystalline solids. Organoboron molecules act as templates or ‘shepherds’ to organize alkenes in a suitable geometry to undergo regio- and stereoselective [2+2]-photocycloadditions in quantitative yields. We also provide a selection of publications that served as an inspiration for our strategies and offer challenges and opportunities for future developments of boron in the field of materials and solid-state chemistry.

1 Introduction

1.1 Template Strategy for [2+2]-Photocycloadditions in the Solid State

2 Boronic Acids as Templates for [2+2]-Photocycloadditions in the Solid State

2.1 Supramolecular Catalysis of [2+2]-Photocycloadditions in the Solid State Using Boronic Acids

3 Boronic Esters as Templates for [2+2]-Photocycloadditions in the Solid State

3.1 Application of Photoproducts: Separation of Thiophene from Benzene through Crystallization

3.2 Crystal Reactivity of B←N-Bonded Adducts: The Case of Styryl­thiophenes

4 Conclusions and Perspectives
Fatores preditivos de hemotransfusão após artroplastia total de joelho
Authors: Mozella Alan de Paula , Cobra Hugo Alexandre de Araújo Barros , Duarte Maria Eugênia Leite
Published: November 2020

Objetivos O presente estudo tem como objetivos (1) verificar a incidência e o volume de transfusão sanguínea entre os pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ) unilateral cimentada em um único centro de referência nacional; (2) identificar variáveis pré e perioperatórias que nos permitam identificar os indivíduos sob maior risco (fatores preditores) quanto à necessidade de transfusão sanguínea nas 48 horas subsequentes à realização da cirurgia; (3) estimar o risco de transfusão sanguínea durante as primeiras 48 horas após o procedimento.

Métodos A amostra inicial foi constituída por todos os pacientes submetidos à ATJ entre agosto de 2010 e agosto de 2013. Após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, permaneceram no estudo 234 pacientes com idade entre 30 e 83 anos, portadores de osteaoartrose primária ou secundária a artrite reumatoide.

Resultados A análise dos resultados mostrou que valores de hemoglobina pré-operatória ≤ 12,3 g/dL e tempo de isquemia ≥ 87 minutos são preditores independentes para hemotransfusão após ATJ, com risco relativo de 2,48 e 1,78, respectivamente. Aproximadamente metade dos pacientes (51,3%) submetidos a ATJ com essas duas variáveis necessitaram de hemotransfusão.

Conclusão A incidência de transfusão sanguínea após ATJ foi de 33,7%. Em média, cada paciente foi transfundido com 480 mL de concentrado de hemácias. Concentração de hemoglobina pré-operatória ≤ 12,3 g/dL (p < 0,001) e tempo de isquemia ≥ 87 minutos (p < 0,047) foram preditores independentes para hemotransfusão em ATJ sob uso de manguito pneumático, com risco relativo de 2,48 e 1,78, respectivamente. A idade, o gênero, diagnóstico ou índice de massa corporal não foram considerados preditores independentes para a necessidade de hemotransfusão até 48 horas após o procedimento de artroplastia.
Code Blue Events in the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units at a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital
Authors: Groden Catherine M. , Cabacungan Erwin T. , Gupta Ruby
Published: November 2020

Objective The authors aim to compare all code blue events, regardless of the need for chest compressions, in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) versus the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We hypothesize that code events in the two units differ, reflecting different disease processes.

Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of 107 code events using the code narrator, which is an electronic medical record of real-time code documentation, from April 2018 to March 2019. Events were divided into two groups, NICU and PICU. Neonatal resuscitation program algorithm was used for NICU events and a pediatric advanced life-support algorithm was used for PICU events. Events and outcomes were compared using univariate analysis. The Mann–Whitney test and linear regressions were done to compare the total code duration, time from the start of code to airway insertion, and time from airway insertion to end of code event.

Results In the PICU, there were almost four times more code blue events per month and more likely to involve patients with seizures and no chronic condition. NICU events more often involved ventilated patients and those under 2 months of age. The median code duration for NICU events was 2.5 times shorter than for PICU events (11.5 vs. 29 minutes), even when adjusted for patient characteristics. Survival to discharge was not different in the two groups.

Conclusion Our study suggests that NICU code events as compared with PICU code events are more likely to be driven by airway problems, involve patients <2 months of age, and resolve quickly once airway is taken care of. This supports the use of a ventilation-focused neonatal resuscitation program for patients in the NICU.

Key Points
Quantification of MagLIF morphology using the Mallat scattering transformation
Authors: Glinsky Michael E. , Moore Thomas W. , Lewis William E. , Weis Matthew R. , Jennings Christopher A. , Ampleford David J. , Knapp Patrick F. , Harding Eric C. , Gomez Matthew R. , Harvey-Thompson Adam J.
Published: November 2020

The morphology of the stagnated plasma resulting from magnetized liner inertial fusion is measured by imaging the self-emission x rays coming from the multi-keV plasma. Equivalent diagnostic responses can be generated by integrated radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (rad-MHD) simulations from programs such as HYDRA and GORGON. There have been only limited quantitative ways to compare the image morphology, that is the texture, of simulations and experiments. We have developed a metric of image morphology based on the Mallat scattering transformation (MST), a transformation that has proved to be effective at distinguishing textures, sounds, and written characters. This metric is designed, demonstrated, and refined by classifying ensembles (i.e., classes) of synthetic stagnation images and by regressing an ensemble of synthetic stagnation images to the morphology (i.e., model) parameters used to generate the synthetic images. We use this metric to quantitatively compare simulations to experimental images, experimental images to each other, and to estimate the morphological parameters of the experimental images with uncertainty. This coordinate space has proved to be very adept at doing a sophisticated relative background subtraction in the MST space. This was needed to compare the experimental self-emission images to the rad-MHD simulation images.