bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on transmission and reflection characteristics of plane S1 wave at the interface between saturated frozen soil and elastic solid bedrock
Authors: Jiang Huipeng , Ma Qiang , Zhang Wuyu
Published: July 2023

Based on the propagation theory of elastic waves in frozen poroelastic media and elastic media, a theoretical model of saturated frozen soil and elastic solid bedrock is established. The saturated frozen soil is lying on an elastic solid bedrock and is modeled as a porous material containing a three-phase medium that contains two solids (soil skeleton and ice particles) and a compressible viscous fluid. Based on the Helmholtz vector decomposition and the boundary conditions on the interface, the theoretical expressions of the amplitude ratio and displacement of the plane S1 wave incident from the saturated frozen soil to the elastic solid bedrock interface are obtained. The effects of incidence angle, frequency, cementation parameters, saturation, and contact parameters on amplitude ratio and displacement were investigated. The results indicate that only S wave and horizontal displacement exist when the incident angle [Formula: see text] = 0°. As cementation parameters, saturation, porosity, and contact parameters increase, the critical angle appears earlier. Each wave has different degrees of pulses when reaching the critical angle, among which the transmitted P wave and the reflected S2 wave are the most significant. At higher saturation, it is observed that the amplitude ratio of the reflected S2 wave decreases significantly. The horizontal and vertical displacements increase significantly with increasing frequency.
Integrating self-supervised denoising in inversion-based seismic deblending
Authors: Luiken Nick , Ravasi Matteo , Birnie Claire
Published: July 2023

To limit the time, cost, and environmental impact associated with the acquisition of seismic data in recent decades, considerable effort has been put into so-called simultaneous shooting acquisitions, where seismic sources are fired at short time intervals between each other. As a consequence, waves originating from consecutive shots are entangled within the seismic recordings, yielding so-called blended data. For processing and imaging purposes, the data generated by each individual shot must be retrieved. This process, called deblending, is achieved by solving an inverse problem that is heavily underdetermined. Conventional approaches rely on the action of the adjoint of the blending operator that renders the blending noise into burst-like noise while preserving the signal of interest. Compressed sensing type regularization is then applied, where sparsity in some domain is assumed for the signal of interest. The domain of choice generally depends on the acquisition geometry and the separability between the signal and noise within the chosen domain. In this work, we introduce a new concept that consists of embedding a self-supervised denoising network into the plug-and-play (PnP) framework. A novel network is introduced whose design extends an existing blind-spot network architecture for partially coherent noise (i.e., correlated in time). The network is then trained directly on the noisy input data at each step of the PnP algorithm. By leveraging the underlying physics of the problem and the great denoising capabilities of our blind-spot network, our algorithm is shown to outperform standard industry methods while being comparable in terms of computational cost. Moreover, being independent of the acquisition geometry, our method can be easily applied to marine and land data without any significant modification.
Radiation-Related Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Saenko Vladimir , Mitsutake Norisato
Published: July 2023

Radiation is an environmental factor that elevates the risk of developing thyroid cancer. Actual and possible scenarios of exposures to external and internal radiation are multiple and diverse. This article reviews radiation doses to the thyroid and corresponding cancer risks due to planned, existing, and emergency exposure situations, and medical, public, and occupational categories of exposures. Any exposure scenario may deliver a range of doses to the thyroid, and the risk for cancer is addressed along with modifying factors. The consequences of the Chornobyl and Fukushima nuclear power plant accidents are described, summarizing the information on thyroid cancer epidemiology, treatment, and prognosis, clinicopathological characteristics, and genetic alterations. The Chornobyl thyroid cancers have evolved in time: becoming less aggressive and driver shifting from fusions to point mutations. A comparison of thyroid cancers from the 2 areas reveals numerous differences that cumulatively suggest the low probability of the radiogenic nature of thyroid cancers in Fukushima. In view of continuing usage of different sources of radiation in various settings, the possible ways of reducing thyroid cancer risk from exposures are considered. For external exposures, reasonable measures are generally in line with the As Low As Reasonably Achievable principle, while for internal irradiation from radioactive iodine, thyroid blocking with stable iodine may be recommended in addition to other measures in case of anticipated exposures from a nuclear reactor accident. Finally, the perspectives of studies of radiation effects on the thyroid are discussed from the epidemiological, basic science, and clinical points of view.
Interventional therapies in acute pulmonary embolus—current trends and future directions
Authors: Patel Sajal , Thulasidasan Narayanan , Thomson Benedict , Mukherjee Bhaskar , Breen Karen , Lams Boris , Karunanithy Narayan
Published: July 2023

Venous thromboembolic disease presenting with acute pulmonary embolus (PE) can be treated in a variety of ways from anticoagulation as an outpatient to surgical embolectomy with many new interventional therapies being developed. Mortality in these patients can be as high as 50% and many of these treatments are also considered to be high risk. Early involvement of a multidisciplinary team and patient risk stratification can aid management decisions in these complex patients who can suddenly deteriorate.

In this review, we summarise the evidence behind new and developing interventional therapies in the treatment of high and intermediate-high risk PE including catheter-directed thrombolysis, pharmacomechanical thrombolysis, thromboaspiration and the growing role of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the stabilisation and management of this cohort of patients.
SHAPES
Authors: Τάσος Αλέξανδρος
Published: July 2023

Η ταχύτητα της CPU υπερτερεί πλέον αυτής της RAM. Ως αποτέλεσμα, οι προγραμματιστές που επιδιώκουν να επιτεύξουν υψηλή απόδοση σε σύγχρονες αρχιτεκτονικές θα χρειαστεί πιθανότατα να λάβουν υπ'όψιν το πώς να αξιποιήσουν τις λανθάνουσες μνήμεις (cache) της CPU κατά το βέλτιστο δυνατό τρόπο, το οποίο συνεπάγεται ότι θα χρειαστούν να εξετάσουν το πώς θα διατάξουν τα δεδομένα τους στη μνήμη ώστε να εκμεταλλευτούν τη χωρική τοπικότητα και να επιτύχουν υψηλή ευρυζωνικότητα μεταξύ της CPU και της RAM. Η εφαρμογή τέτοιων βελτιστοποιήσεων όσον αφορά τη μνήμη συνήθως έρχεται σε αντιπαράθεση με την αναγνωσιμότητα του κώδικα, τη συντηρησιμότητά του, την ασφάλεια της μνήμης και της έννοιας της αφαιρετικότητας αντικειμένων. Αυτό επιδεινώνεται περαιτέρω σε γλώσσες όπως η Java και η C#, όπου το runtime αποκρύπτει από τον προγραμματιστή το πώς διατάσσονται τα δεδομένα στη μνήμη και, ως αποτέλεσμα, τέτοιες βελτιστοποιήσεις είναι σχεδόν αδύνατον να θυλοποιηθούν. Ως εκ τούτου, παρουσιάζουμε σε αυτή τη διατριβή μία επέκταση γλώσσας προγραμματισμού, εν ονόματι SHAPES. Η SHAPES επιδιώκει να παράσχει μεγαλύτερη ευχέρεια στον προγραμματιστή ως προς τη διάταξη των δεδομένων στη μνήμη χωρίς αυτό να συνεπάγεται απώλεια της ασφάλειας μνήμης ή της αφαιρετικότητας αντικειμένων, διατηρώντας με αυτόν τον τρόπο την εκφραστικότητα και οικειότητα όσον αφορά τον αντικειμενοστραφή προγραμματισμό. Η SHAPES εισάγει τις έννοιες των περιοχών και των διατάξεων: Ο προγραμματιστής ομαδοποιεί σχετικά μεταξύ τους αντικείμενα σε περιοχές και προσδιορίζει το πώς τα αντικείμενα αυτά θα διατεταχθούν στη μνήμη. Οι κλάσεις και οι τύποι εφοδιάζονται με παραμέτρους περιοχών, οι οποίοι επιτρέπουν τις λεπτομέρειες σχετικά με τη διάταξη των δεδομένων να τροποποιηθούν κατά τρόπο ανεξάρτητο του πώς ο κώδικας επεξεργάζεται τα αντικείμενα που ανήκουν σε μία περιοχή. Αυτές οι επιλογές σχεδίασης διαχωρίζουν την επεξεργασία των δεδομένων από το πώς είναι διατεταγμένα τα δεδομένα αυτά καθ'αυτά στη μνήμη. Επιπλέον, παρέχουμε ένα μαθηματικό μοντέλο της SHAPES, παρουσιάζουμε το μοντέλο της όσον αφορά την ασφάλεια τύπων και μνήμης, καθώς και το πώς μεταφράζεται σε μία γλώσσα χαμηλού επιπέδου. Επίσης, παριοσιάζουμε τα επιχειρήματά μας όσον αφορά το γιατί αναμένουμε ότι η SHAPES μπορεί να μεταγλωττιστεί με αποδοτικό τρόπο όσον αφορά την αναπαράσταση των δεδομένων και την πρόσβαση των πεδίων αντικειμένων κατά τη διάρκεια της εκτέλεσης του προγράμματος. Επιπροσθέτως, παρουσιάζουμε την SHAPES-z, μία υλοποίηση της SHAPES ως μία ενσωματώσιμη γλώσσα, καθώς και τον shapeszc, τον μεταγλωττιστή της SHAPES-z. Παρουσιάζουμε τους συλλογισμούς και τις αιτιολογήσεις μας όσον αφορά το σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση τόσο της SHAPES-z όσο και του shapeszc. Τέλος, εκτιμούμε την απόδοση της SHAPES και της SHAPES-z μέσω περιπτωσιολογικών μελετών.
Τοπική οικονομία και τουριστική ανάπτυξη
Authors: Δημανόπουλος Σπυρίδων
Published: July 2023

Στις μέρες μας ο τουρισμός αποτελεί κυρίαρχη σχέση που συνδέει την Κρήτη, τον νομό Ηρακλείου με την εθνική οικονομία, τις διεθνείς αγορές και τις εκτός νησιού κοινωνίες. Η καθιερωμένη και διεθνώς αναγνωρίσιμη αναπαράσταση του νησιού παρουσιάζει την Κρήτη ως έναv τόπο που διαθέτει μακραίωνη ιστορία, καθώς εδώ αναπτύχθηκε ένας προϊστορικός πολιτισμός με αρχετυπική σημασία για τις σύγχρονες δυτικές κοινωνίες, και ταυτόχρονα ως τόπο παραθερισμού και καλοκαιρινής αναψυχής. Η ανασυγκρότηση των μηχανισμών που επέτρεψαν στον τουρισμό να καταστεί οικονομική, πολιτική, ιδεολογική και πολιτισμική σχέση σύνδεσης της Κρήτης με την εθνική και διεθνή κοινωνία αποτελεί το αντικείμενο της διατριβής αυτής. Η σχέση αυτή εξετάζεται αναδεικνύοντας τον αρχαιολογικό περιηγητισμό ως τον συγκεκριμένο τρόπο ενσωμάτωσης της περιοχής του Ηρακλείου στα διεθνή και εθνικά τουριστικά δίκτυα του Μεσοπολέμου. Στη διατριβή αυτή ο αρχαιολογικός περιηγητισμός, όπως και κάθε μορφή τουρισμού, συνδέεται με την αγορά και την ανάπτυξη των καπιταλιστικών σχέσεων παραγωγής. Έτσι, ο αρχαιολογικός περιηγητισμός εξετάζεται εντός των ευρύτερων οικονομικών δομών της περιοχής και της αναπαραγωγής των τοπικών κοινωνικών σχέσεων.
Πολυμορφισμοί του γονιδίου της βιταμίνης D στην πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση
Authors: Παπακωνσταντίνου Στυλιανός
Published: July 2023

ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗΗ πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση είναι μία προïούσα απομυελινωτική νόσος του κεντρικού νευρικού συστήματος με αυξημένο κίνδυνο για χαμηλή οστική πυκνότητα. Υπάρχουν άλλοτε άλλοι συσχετισμοί μεταξύ των πολυμορφισμών του υποδοχέα της βιταμίνης D, και του κινδύνου ανάπτυξης πολλαπλής σκλήρυνσης.Σκοπός αυτής της μελέτης είναι να εξεταστούν γενετικοί πολυμορφισμοί του γονιδίου του υποδοχέα της βιταμίνης D με την πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση που έχουν συσχετιστεί με άλλοτε άλλα αποτελέσματα. Η ετερογένεια αυτών των μελετών είναι αποκύημα είτε εθνικών είτε γενετικών διαφορών. Αναζητούμε τη συχνότητα των ασθενών με πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση που έχουν υποδοχείς Bsm-I και Taq-I στον ελληνικό πληθυσμό κοντά στο μη μεταφρασμένο άκρο 3΄, γιατί αυτό το άκρο μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε τροποποίηση της πρωτεïνικής έκφρασης. Εξετάστηκαν 69 ασθενείς με πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση και 81 υγιείς. Έγινε αντιστοίχηση με βάση την ηλικία και το φύλο. Καταγράφησαν επίσης ο δείκτης μάζας σώματος, το κάπνισμα σε χρόνια, η οστική πυκνότητα στην οσφυική μοίρα της σπονδυλικής στήλης και η οστική πυκνότητα στην κατ’ ισχίον άρθρωση.Γονοτυπήθηκαν οι Taq-I (rs731236), που εδράζεται στο εξόνιο 9 και Bsm-I (rs1544410), που εδράζεται σε ιντρόνιο μεταξύ των εξονίων 8 και 9, πολυμορφισμοί του υποδοχέα της βιταμίνης D χρησιμοποιώντας την TaqMan SNP Γονοτυπική Σειρά.Τα δημογραφικά και κλινικά στοιχεία ασθενών και μαρτύρων αφορούν την ηλικία, μέσος όρος ήταν 39, με απόκλιση _+ 10,5 έτη, ενώ της ομάδας ελέγχου 38,7_+ 10,7 έτη (p=0,86). Ο δείκτης μάζας σώματος των ασθενών ήταν 24,8_+4,2 Kg/m2 και της ομάδας ελέγχου 25,7_+ 4,8 Kg/m2 (p=0,23). H οστική πυκνότητα στην οσφυική μοίρα των ασθενών ήταν 0,981_+ 0,15 σε σύγκριση με το 1,025_+ 0,13 της ομάδας ελέγχου (p<0,06). Η οστική πυκνότητα στην κατ’ ισχίον άρθρωση ήταν 0,875_+0,14 των ασθενών ενώ των μαρτύρων 0,969_+0,12 (p<0,001). Στην πολλαπλή γραμμική ανάλυση εξάρτησης οι πολυμορφισμοί Taq-I και Bsm-I είναι ανεξάρτητες από τους παράγοντες: διάγνωση πολλαπλής σκλήρυνσης, ηλικία, φύλο, ιστορικό καπνίσματος, δείκτης μάζας σώματος, οστική πυκνότητα στην οσφυική μοίρα της σπονδυλικής στήλης και της κατ’ισχίον άρθρωσης.Από τη μελέτη του Ελληνικού πληθυσμού Βορειοδυτικής Ελλάδος προκύπτει ότι οι πολυμορφισμοί Taq-I και Bsm-I του υποδοχέα της βιταμίνης D δεν αυξάνουν τον κίνδυνο για πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση ούτε συσχετίζονται με το δείκτη μάζας σώματος, το κάπνισμα ή την οστεοπόρωση. Ενώ η μέτρηση της οστικής πυκνότητας σε γυναίκες με πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση ανέδειξε χαμηλότερη οστική πυκνότητα στην οσφυική μοίρα της σπονδυλικής στήλης και στην κατ’ ισχίον άρθρωση.
Noise intensity and its impact on the perception and concentration level among forest harvesting workers in industrial forest plantation, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Muhdi Muhdi , Hanafiah Diana Sofia , Sahar Asmarlaili , Telaumbanua Alex Angenano
Published: July 2023

Background: Noise has the potential to affect the comfort and health of workers. The objective of this research was to find out the effect of noise caused by the timber harvesting process using chainsaws on the concentration of workers in an industrial forest plantation.

Methods: This experimental study included 20 respondents which consisted of 10 chainsaw operators/helpers and 10 non-chainsaw operators. All respondents were exposed to the sound of a chainsaw in three different conditions (idle, half gas and racing conditions) with and without personal protective equipment (PPE). The sound intensity produced by the chainsaw and the noise received by the respondents were measured using a sound level meter. Respondents’ perception toward noise was recorded using a Likert scale. Respondents’ concentration level was assessed by giving 25 math-questions to be answered within 10 minutes. Wilcoxon sign rank test was used to analysed paired data.

Results: The average sound intensity received by respondents’ left and right ears were lower than the average sound intensity produced by the chainsaw. The use of earmuffs leads to better perception towards noise when compared with the use of earplugs and the absence of any PPE. The Wilcoxon test result showed that noise did not have significant impact on the concentration level of chainsaw operators, whilst the contrary result is true for non-chainsaw operators.

Conclusions: The research indicated that although the noise produced by the chainsaw machine was considered noisy for both chainsaw operators and non-chainsaw operator, it did not have a significant effect on the concentration level of chainsaw operators and only affected the non-chainsaw operators. Therefore, given that the non-chainsaw operators were still affected by the noise, noise control measures are still needed to ensure occupational safety and health for the workers.
Preocupación por el cambio climático, atribución de responsabilidades y efecto en la decisión de voto de los universitarios: el caso de la UPV/EHU.
Authors: Fernandez Muerza Alex , Monge Benito Sergio
Published: July 2023

El presente trabajo analiza el grado de preocupación por el cambio climático del estudiantado universitario y su reacción al respecto tomando como caso de estudio al alumnado de la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). Para ello se realizó una encuesta estructurada con una muestra representativa de dicha universidad (n=465) con un total de 14 preguntas mediante varias escalas. Los resultados indican que el estudiantado universitario se muestra preocupado por la crisis climática, aunque paradójicamente el 45,51% nunca o raramente busca información sobre el tema en los medios de comunicación, y un 24% siente ecoansiedad. Como culpables del problema, identifican inequívocamente a empresas, instituciones y gobiernos, y en un nivel muy inferior a la ciudadanía. Asimismo, otra de las paradojas detectadas es que su preocupación y opinión por el cambio climático y sus responsables no les condiciona a la hora de votar su opción política. Finalmente, el estudio se presenta como una línea de investigación abierta para analizar la preocupación y reacción por el cambio climático en las universidades de otras comunidades autónomas y lograr así un análisis a nivel estatal. Asimismo, recomienda a las instituciones universitarias que incluyan de manera transversal más iniciativas de comunicación y educación climática y planes de ayuda psicosocial al estudiantado universitario para prevenir y reducir la ecoansiedad climática.
Making the Grade (But Not Disclosing It): How Withholding Grades Affects Student Behavior and Employment
Authors: Floyd Eric , Tomar Sorabh , Lee Daniel J.
Published: July 2023

We study the effects of grade nondisclosure (GND) policies implemented within master of business administration (MBA) programs at highly ranked business schools. GND precludes students from disclosing their grades and grade point averages (GPAs) to employers. In the labor market, we find that GND weakens the positive relation between GPA and employer desirability. During the MBA program, we find that GND reduces students’ academic effort for a given course by approximately 4.9% relative to comparable students not subject to the policy. Consistent with our model, in which abilities are potentially correlated and students can substitute effort toward other activities in order to signal GPA-focused abilities, students participate in more extracurricular activities and enroll in more difficult courses under GND. Finally, we show that students’ tenure with their first employers after graduation decreases under GND.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4816 .
Technical Note—Dynamic Pricing and Learning with Discounting
Authors: Feng Zhichao , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh , Qi Anyan
Published: July 2023

Learning algorithms can take a substantial amount of time to converge, thereby raising the need to understand the role of discounting in learning. In “Dynamic Pricing and Learning with Discounting,” Z. Feng, M. Dawande, G. Janakiraman, and A. Qi examine the impact of discounting on learning by examining two classic dynamic-pricing and learning problems studied in Broder and Rusmevichientong (2012) and Keskin and Zeevi (2014) . In both settings, the retailer initially does not know the parameters of the demand model. Given a discount factor, the retailer’s objective is to determine a pricing policy to maximize the discounted revenue over a selling horizon. The authors establish lower bounds on the regret under any policy and propose new asymptotically optimal policies that take the discount factor into consideration. They numerically examine the regret under the proposed policies and the existing policies in the aforementioned two papers.
Estimación predictiva en población laboral del Índice de adiposidad visceral (VAI) y adiposidad disfuncional (DAI) en síndrome metabólico
Authors: Vicente Herrero María Teófila , Egea Sancho Mónica , Ramírez Iñiguez de la Torre Maria Victoria , López González Ángel Arturo
Published: July 2023

Introducción: Evaluar el síndrome metabólico utilizando tres métodos propuestos por instituciones internacionales de referencia, y los índices de adiposidad visceral (VAI) y adiposidad disfuncional (DAI), en la predicción y estimación de la prevalencia en población laboral.
Métodos: Estudio transversal en trabajadores de distintas comunidades autónomas españolas a los que se les realizó un examen de salud entre enero 2019 y septiembre 2021. Se evaluó el síndrome metabólico con criterios del National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) y Joint Interin Statement (JIS). Se calcularon los valores de VAI y DAI mediante sus fórmulas específicas y su capacidad predictiva mediante curvas ROC. Se utilizó el programa SPSS 27.0, considerando significación estadística p< 0,05.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 418 343 trabajadores, la mayoría hombres (58,8%), de edad media entre 30 y 49 años (58,0%), clase social III, tipo de trabajo manual (75,9%) y no fumadores (66,9%). La prevalencia de síndrome metabólico muestra diferencias según el criterio utilizado, siendo superior en hombres con IDF y JIS, y en mujeres con ATPIII. Para las tres definiciones de síndrome metabólico, los valores del área bajo la curva fueron > 0,8 (>80%). El VAI más elevado se obtuvo con JIS, y el DAI más alto con ATPIII. El índice de mayor confianza fue para ATPIII y JIS.
Conclusiones: Los índices de adiposidad VAI y DAI muestran una elevada capacidad predictiva del síndrome metabólico con los tres criterios utilizados y pueden ser de utilidad preventiva en salud laboral.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: July 2023

The latest studies of interest to primary care clinicians rounded up by Mark Greener
Diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: July 2023

Margaret Perry looks at how nurses working in primary care settings can identify this common skin cancer
Hiding in Plain Sight
Authors: Kessler Diane C.
Published: July 2023

precis: The fruits of the ecumenical movement often are harvested without thinking about who planted the seeds, who watered the soil, and what ingredients are necessary to make the ground rich for ecumenical gleaning. The result: no "move" in the movement! The ecumenical impulse is not fruitful unless it is conscious, intentional, habitual, and embodied. This essay draws on insights from the study document of the Joint Working Group's Ninth Report, "Be Renewed in the Spirit: The Spiritual Roots of Ecumenism," exploring the relationship between and among interiority, intentionality, and action. It considers practices of prayer and formation that nurture these qualities of spirituality and how they enable the aim of the ecumenical movement to promote Christian unity for the sake of the world.
What Is Light in Dark Times?
Authors: Estroff Sue E.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: Alisse Waterston and Charlotte Corden’s Light in Dark Times (2020) began as an address by the president of the American Anthropological Association and was transformed into “a work of art and anthropology” by a member of the audience. The result was a coauthored book-length graphic essay that is expansive in subject matter, and in the representation of ideas, scholars, and questions about what it means to be human and how we will pass the time that is given us on earth. Light and dark are central to the visual representations that serve as the background to a story about what is necessary to become a person who is honest. This critical assessment reflects on the content and form of that story, which predated the COVID pandemic, widespread political unrest, and assaults on truth, evidence, language, categories, education, and “others” in the US and elsewhere. The format is both challenging to read and interesting to think with. As teaching and learning increasingly become animated and visualized, Light in Dark Times is a worthy introduction to these ways of apprehending the vexing questions and conundrums presently in such abundant supply.
Volumetric live-cell autofluorescence imaging using Fourier light-field microscopy
Authors: Ling Zhi , Han Keyi , Liu Wenhao , Hua Xuanwen , Jia Shu
Published: July 2023

This study introduces a rapid, volumetric live-cell imaging technique for visualizing autofluorescent sub-cellular structures and their dynamics by employing high-resolution Fourier light-field microscopy. We demonstrated this method by capturing lysosomal autofluorescence in fibroblasts and HeLa cells. Additionally, we conducted multicolor imaging to simultaneously observe lysosomal autofluorescence and fluorescently-labeled organelles such as lysosomes and mitochondria. We further analyzed the data to quantify the interactions between lysosomes and mitochondria. This research lays the foundation for future exploration of native cellular states and functions in three-dimensional environments, effectively reducing photodamage and eliminating the necessity for exogenous labels.
OCT angiography and its retinal biomarkers [Invited]
Authors: Hormel Tristan T. , Jia Yali
Published: July 2023

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a high-resolution, depth-resolved imaging modality with important applications in ophthalmic practice. An extension of structural OCT, OCTA enables non-invasive, high-contrast imaging of retinal and choroidal vasculature that are amenable to quantification. As such, OCTA offers the capability to identify and characterize biomarkers important for clinical practice and therapeutic research. Here, we review new methods for analyzing biomarkers and discuss new insights provided by OCTA.
Automated robot-assisted wide-field optical coherence tomography using structured light camera
Authors: Li Xiaochen , Huang Yong , Hao Qun
Published: July 2023

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising real-time and non-invasive imaging technology widely utilized in biomedical and material inspection domains. However, limited field of view (FOV) in conventional OCT systems hampers their broader applicability. Here, we propose an automated system integrating a structured light camera and robotic arm for large-area OCT scanning. The system precisely detects tissue contours, automates scan path generation, and enables accurate scanning of expansive sample areas. The proposed system consists of a robotic arm, a three-dimensional (3D) structured light camera, and a customized portable OCT probe. The 3D structured light camera is employed to generate a precise 3D point cloud of the sample surface, enabling automatic planning of the scanning path for the robotic arm. Meanwhile, the OCT probe is mounted on the robotic arm, facilitating scanning of the sample along the predetermined path. Continuous OCT B-scans are acquired during the scanning process, facilitating the generation of high-resolution and large-area 3D OCT reconstructions of the sample. We conducted position error tests and presented examples of 3D macroscopic imaging of different samples, such as ex vivo kidney, skin and leaf blade. The robotic arm can accurately reach the planned positions with an average absolute error of approximately 0.16 mm. The findings demonstrate that the proposed system enables the acquisition of 3D OCT images covering an area exceeding 20 cm2, indicating wide-ranging potential for utilization in diverse domains such as biomedical, industrial, and agricultural fields.
Vortex beam generation by engineering spin-orbit interaction of light in the multimode microring resonator
Authors: Yang Shuwen , Zheng Shuang , Zhang Weifeng
Published: July 2023

We propose a vortex beam generator that can emit radially, azimuthally, circularly polarized beams by engineering transverse spin angular momentum induced spin-orbit interaction of the high-order mode in the multimode microring resonator.
An instance hole measurement using a low-coherence interferometer with a high repetition rate during laser-welding process
Authors: Hayashi Neisei , Fujita Takuma , Deguchi Takahiro , Nomura Ryo , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Makino Takeshi , Hashimoto Takahiro , Furukawa Hideaki , Wada Naoya , Ishii Katsuhiro
Published: July 2023

The shape of an instance hole (keyhole) created via a high-power laser was measured using a low-coherence interferometer with a 10-MHz repetition rate, a 10-um absolute spatial resolution and a 5-mm measurement range.
A novel and highly stable 840 MHz repetition rate femtosecond fiber laser
Authors: Yang Ruoao , Zhao Minghe , Jin Xingang , Li Qian , Chen Zhangyuan , Wang Aimin , Zhang Zhigang
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a novel and highly stable femtosecond fiber laser at a repetition rate of 840 MHz. Because the laser components are bonded on a silica glass, the repetition rate of the free running laser drifts within 1 kHz over 12 hrs. The timing jitter of the pulses measured by the balanced optical cross-correlation is 130 as for the integration range of 10 kHz to 1 MHz.
Highly stable laser repeater system with frequency instability below 10-21
Authors: Akatsuka T. , Imai H. , Arai K. , Sakuma H. , Ishizawa A. , Goh T. , Hashimoto T. , Takamoto M. , Katori H. , Oguri K. , Gotoh H. , Sogawa T.
Published: July 2023

We report an ultralow-noise laser repeater system based on a narrow-linewidth laser and a planar lightwave circuit chip. An out-of-loop measurement demonstrates a record frequency instability of 3 × 10-22 at 30,000 s averaging time.
Optical-phase-conjugation-based phase noise cancellation for fiber delivery of optical frequency reference
Authors: Umeki Takeshi , Akatsuka Tomoya , Ishizawa Atsushi , Imai Hiromitsu , Kazama Takushi , Kashiwazaki Takahiro , Watanabe Kei , Oguri Katsuya , Kasahara Ryoichi
Published: July 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel method for fiber delivery of optical frequency references by all-optical cancellation of fiber-induced degradation on the outward trip during the return trip without any active feedback control.
Imaging of Magnitude and Phase of AC Magnetic Field Using Continuous-Wave Scheme with Diamond Sensor
Authors: Mikawa Takumi , Hallbäck Karl J. , Matsuzaki Yuichiro , Nakano Yuta , Tokuda Norio , Sasaki Kento , Kobayashi Kensuke , Ishi-Hayase Junko
Published: July 2023

We successfully measured the mirometer-scale spatial-distribution of the magnitude and the phase of MHz-range AC magnetic field resonant to nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond by the continuous application of green laser and microwave.
Investigation of Electronic Spin Triple-Resonance of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond for Sensing
Authors: Okaniwa Ryusei , Matsuzaki Yuichiro , Yamaguchi Tatsuma , Watanabe Hideyuki , Mizuochi Norikazu , Tokuda Norio , Nakano Yuta , Kobayashi Kensuke , Sasaki Kento , Ishi-Hayase Junko
Published: July 2023

We investigate electronic spin triple-resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond by measuring continuous-wave optically-detected magnetic resonance spectra under simultaneous applications of microwave and radio-frequency fields with different frequencies toward realizing frequency-tunable AC magnetic field sensor.
Observation of topological edge states in long connected plasmonic zigzag chains
Authors: Moritake Yuto , Ono Masaaki , Notomi Masaya
Published: July 2023

We proposed and experimentally observed the photonic topological edge states of zigzag plasmonic chains using far-field imaging. By using long-connected chain, edge states were spatially and spectrally divided from the bulk, which enables far-filed observation.
Common Path Frequency Domain Optical Correlation System for Ultrafast Optical Waveform Analysis
Authors: Fukushi Kaito , Shioda Tatsutoshi
Published: July 2023

We propose a principle for single-shot ultrafast optical waveform measurement using frequency domain optical correlation, which can observe irreversible signals with femto-second sampling and nano-second time range. The principle was confirmed in simulation and experiment.
Beam Trajectory Bending and Meandering by Distorted Photonic Crystal
Authors: Honda M. , Nanjyo K. , Hashizume J. , Kitagawa H. , Kitamura Kyoko
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate distorted photonic crystals (DPCs) that are capable of on-chip beam trajectory bending and meandering, even when a homogeneous refractive index is maintained.
Transport of Circularly Polarized Light in Three-Dimensional Chiral Photonic Crystals
Authors: Takahashi Shun , Tajiri Takeyoshi , Arakawa Yasuhiko , Iwamoto Satoshi , Vos Willem L.
Published: July 2023

Circular dichroism in layer-by-layer chiral photonic crystals is numerically studied. Stop gaps for circular polarization in the stacking direction can be modified by tuning the in-plane period, which is new compared to one-dimensional Bragg structures.
Probing the emission from hexagonal boron nitride with 2D magnets
Authors: Ludwiczak Katarzyna , Binder Johannes , Dąbrowska Aleksandra Krystyna , Sitnicka Joanna , Jasiński Jacek , Stępniewski Roman , Wysmołek Andrzej
Published: July 2023

We explore the proximity effect between hexagonal boron nitride and two-dimensional magnets. A strong correlation between the optical emission from hBN and a magnetic phase transition in CrBr3 is found. Our approach demonstrates a novel method to locally apply magnetic fields and address selected defects.
Cross Detection of Biomarkers Using Electro-Chemically Controlled Photonic Crystal Nanolaser Sensor
Authors: Hachuda Shoji , Taguchi Hiroya , Baba Toshihiko
Published: July 2023

Using an electro-chemically controlled photonic crystal nanolaser, we succeeded in 100% cross-detection of four biomarkers and detection of COVID-19 spike protein. Both detection limits are in the range of aM to fM.
Antenna-Coupled Optical Modulators Using Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguides and Non-Coplanar Patch Antennas
Authors: Kaji Takahiro , Morohashi Isao , Tominari Yukihiro , Yamada Toshiki , Otomo Akira
Published: July 2023

We fabricated 150-GHz-band antenna-coupled optical modulators using electro-optic (EO) polymer waveguides and non-coplanar patch antennas using a transfer method of a poled EO polymer film and evaluated the device characteristics.
Ozone gas optics for high energy laser applications
Authors: Michine Yurina , Yoneda Hitoki
Published: July 2023

New high damage threshold gas optics is proposed and demonstrated for high energy laser system. In this scheme, we use mixture ozone gas for diffraction of laser pulse. Up to now, we’ve achieved 95% average diffraction efficiency with relatively long life time(~10ns) under high damage threshold condition.
Adaptive Power Compensation Using Cross-Gain Modulation of Saturated EDFA in Optical Relay-Assisted FSO Transmission
Authors: Hyun Young-Jin , Shin Won-Ho , Han Sang-Kook
Published: July 2023

A novel channel pre-compensation based on all-optical relaying FSO transmission system using cross gain modulation characteristic of saturated EDFA is presented and a significant increase in link performance has been experimentally demonstrated.
On the Performance of High Spectral Efficiency CRIP OFDM Scheme over 15-m GI-POF
Authors: Li Yibin , Wei Zixian , Wang Zhaoming , Ali Amjad , Li Qian , Fu H.Y.
Published: July 2023

A combining real and imaginary parts (CRIP) OFDM is employed to a 15-m graded-index plastic optical fiber to experimentally achieve a higher spectral efficiency up to 11.7 bit/s/Hz than conventional OFDM with BER below 3.8×10-3.
Low threshold plasmonic lattice laser based on CsPbBr3 quantum dots with directional emission
Authors: Xing Di , Lin Cheng-Chieh , Ho Ya-Lun , Lee Yang-Chun , Chen Mu-Hsin , Lin Bo-Wei , Chen Chun-Wei , Delaunay Jean-Jacques
Published: July 2023

Metallic nanoparticles array is served as a promising way to realize on-chip lasers. To achieve high-performance lasers, efficient gain media are also critical. Here, we present a pressure-assisted process for CsPbBr3 quantum dots to realize a plasmonic lattice laser.
Ultrafast Parallel Random Number Generation with a Chip-Scale Semiconductor Laser
Authors: Cao Hui
Published: July 2023

We employ spatio-temporal interference of many lasing modes for ultrafast and scalable random number generation. The laser diode with specially-designed cavity produces hundreds of bit streams on a total rate two orders-of-magnitude faster than state-of-the-art.
NIR-to-NIR Imaging via Harmonic Nanoparticles
Authors: Vittadello L. , Klenen J. , Imlau M.
Published: July 2023

A lack of suitable markers hampered the exploitation of the third and fourth biological windows, an appealing approach for safe in-vivo imaging. Harmonic nanoparticles and nonlinear microscopy offer a valuable solution to bridge this gap.
Asynchronous Optical Sampling based on Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for the Absolute Distance Measurement of Multiple Targets
Authors: Jang Jaeyoung , Kim Seung-Woo , Kim Young-Jin
Published: July 2023

In this study, we demonstrate the asynchronous optical sampling using a semiconductor optical amplifier with high intensity conversion efficiency. It leads to the applicability to expand the multi-axis measurement channels of laser ranging system.
An efficient wavelength upconversion effect in sapphire driven by microjoule femtosecond laser
Authors: Dai Ruihong , Zhang Haoyun , Zhu Shiyu , Wang Fengqiu
Published: July 2023

We investigate the nonlinear wavelength conversion processes in sapphire under microjoule femtosecond laser pumping. With appropriate sapphire thickness and focal arrangement, a >10% wavelength upconversion effect was observed, showing potential use in multi-photon microscopy.
20-GHz quantum key distribution using Mach-Zehnder intensity modulation and low jitter superconducting single photon detectors
Authors: Taniguchi Atsushi , Sanari Yasuyuki , Takahashi Hirokazu , Obana Kazuaki , Nishizawa Hideki , Takasugi Koichi , Lo Hsin-Pin , Ikuta Takuya , Honjo Toshimori , Takesue Hiroki
Published: July 2023

We report the first 20-GHz clocked QKD using Mach-Zehnder intensity modulation and low jitter superconducting single photon detectors. A 41.8 kbps secure key rate was achieved with 23 dB channel loss by optical attenuation.
Mode-locked Operation in a Coupled Microresonator System with Gain and Nonlinear Loss
Authors: Imamura Riku , Tate Yuki , Nakashima Ayata , Nagashima Keigo , Fujii Shun , Tanabe Takasumi
Published: July 2023

We numerically study the mode-locking behavior in a system in which an erbium-doped resonator (gain) is coupled to a carbon-nanotube functionalized resonator (nonlinear loss). We find that mode-locking is possible even with a small gain and relatively low Q by adjusting the coupling between two cavities.
Photogrammetry of Asymmetric Microcavities
Authors: Li Shilong , Tian Ke , Jalaludeen Mohammed Zia , Chormaic Síle Nic
Published: July 2023

Optical response of asymmetric microcavities is determined by their external geometry. Here, we propose to perform a photogrammetric study of asymmetric microcavities as a feasible way to obtain the geometry. The entire process is simulated and the results are presented. Such a photogrammetric study will benefit both optical microcavity and photogrammetry applications.
Biphoton entanglement across topologies
Authors: Doyle Cooper , Zhang Wei-Wei , Wang Michelle , Bell Bryn A. , Bartlett Stephen D. , Blanco-Redondo Andrea
Published: July 2023

We report on our recent experimental demonstrations of biphoton entanglement of modes with different topologies. Our findings highlight topology as a new degree of freedom for photonic entanglement.
Strategies for non-volatile alteration of optical components based on mid index waveguides
Authors: Gardes F. Y. , De Paoli Greta , Faneca Joaquin , Zeimpekis Ioannis , Bucio Thalia Dominguez , Ilie Stefan , Shoaa Afrooz , Hewak Daniel W. , Flint A.I. , Gates J.C.
Published: July 2023

We demonstrate a range of techniques and materials enabling non-volatile alteration of optical components based on mid index waveguides for C and O band applications.
FemtoComputing: Phase-encoded Schrödinger Kernel Computing for Femtosecond Instruments
Authors: Zhou Tingyi , Jalali Bahram
Published: July 2023

We introduce an ultralow-latency AI hardware-accelerated instrument that utilizes femtosecond pulses not only for single-shot measurements, but also for computing. Closed-loop optimization using optical phase-encoding is shown to improve the accuracy in time stretch imaging.
Optical Sensor-based Mass Temperature Screening Network for Infectious Disease Surveillance
Authors: Rayanasukha Sirajit , Somboonkaew Armote , Sumriddetchkajorn Sarun
Published: July 2023

Due to the current wide spread of infectious diseases in human and animals, we propose and demonstrate here a combination of thermal imaging-based mass temperature screening modules and crowdsourcing approach for low-cost and real-time surveillance purpose across communities.
Influence of wrist dorsiflexion angle on the measurement signal of radial artery strain with FBG sensor
Authors: Koyama Shouhei , Yoda Tatsuya
Published: July 2023

In the wrist dorsiflexion angle was 60 degrees, the pulsatile strain signal containing vital sign information was measured with a high signal-to-noise ratio by the Fiber Bragg Grating sensor.
Low-Cost 3-D Broad-Spectral Imaging Module
Authors: Sumriddetchkajorn Sarun , Rayanasukha Sirajit , Somboonkaew Armote , Chanhorm Sataporn , Wannason Uayphorn
Published: July 2023

Multispectral imaging camera is an important tool for two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D spectroscopic analysis. Rather than using an available high-end product or prototype, we propose and engineer a low-cost 3-D broad-spectral imaging module, covering blue, green, red, near infrared, and long wave infrared regions. With our own designed software, it can collect 3-D spectral images from each spectral band simultaneously and it can combine these images into 2-D and 3-D fused spectral images. It is designed in a compact 16.9×2.9×7.1 cm3 with just 310 grams.
Ring Cavity Vortex Laser using a Wedge-Plate Shearing Interferometer
Authors: Munj Abdul-Haseeb , Kerridge-Johns William R.
Published: July 2023

We construct a compact unidirectional Nd:YVO4 ring laser generating watt-level vortex beam (LG01) output with high mode purity (98%) in a single longitudinal mode. This was enabled through a wedge-plate shearing interferometer (WPSI) acting as a Gaussian to LG01 mode conversion device and output coupler. This compact and cheap device uses off-the-shelf components. The design could be adapted to any gain medium for wavelength versatility.
Engineering synthesized vortex beams
Authors: Xiao Na , Xie Chen , Courvoisier François , Hu Minglie
Published: July 2023

We propose an effective scheme to engineer the light tubes of vortex beams with predetermined geometries and controllable intensity profiles. This is beneficial to a broad range of applications such as particle trapping and micromachining.
High Brightness Microchip Laser with Unstable Resonator
Authors: Lim Hwan Hong , Taira Takunori
Published: July 2023

Both record 59.2 MW peak power (24.1 mJ, 407 ps) and record 0.736 PW/(sr∙cm2) (effective) brightness air-cooled Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramic microchip laser with unstable resonator is presented.
Coherent electron dynamics induced by ultrashort UV pulses in complex molecules
Authors: Calegari F.
Published: July 2023

Here I present the first attosecond beamline combining sub-2fs UV pulses with few-fs IR and/or attosecond XUV pulses for the time-resolved investigation of electronic processes in molecules.
Laser-induced-graphene formation on fabric based on femtosecond laser direct writing for flexible strain sensors
Authors: Yang Dongwook , Nam Han Ku , Le Truong-Son Dinh , Lee Younggeun , Kim Byunggi , Kim Young-Ryeul , Kim Seung-Woo , Kim Young-Jin
Published: July 2023

Laser-induced-graphene formation on Kevlar textile in ambient conditions enables sensing of physical information applied to various types of wearable electronics. Pre-strained technique is used for maximizing strain range, and the sensor can detect finger motion.
Power and precision for laser fabrication of MicroLEDs
Authors: Fechner Burkhard , Delmdahl Ralph
Published: July 2023

Displays based on MicroLEDs offer high color saturation, wide viewing angle, short response time, high brightness, and low power consumption. Economic MicroLED manufacturing requires lasers combining power and precision driving throughput, yield and productivity.
Formation mechanisms of bumps and their avoidance during laser milling of metals
Authors: Michalowski Andreas , Nyenhuis Fabian
Published: July 2023

Studies of the effects responsible for surface degradation in laser milling of metals reveal a multistage formation mechanism. Different types of LSFL and the Marangoni instability emerge as possible main causes of degradation. An adapted processing strategy reduces the process times significantly.
A Simple Scheme for Phase-sensitive Dual-comb Spectroscopy with Mechanical-sharing Dual-comb Laser
Authors: Endo Takeru , Tian Haochen , Asahara Akifumi , Minoshima Kaoru
Published: July 2023

We developed a simple method to extract and acquire interferograms with the desired phase in dual-comb spectroscopy using a dual-comb laser. This technique leads to useful phase-sensitive spectroscopy using simple and accurate coherent averaging.
Sub-30-fs all-fiber electro-optic comb at 1.5 µm with 25-GHz repetition rate
Authors: Kikkawa Y. , Ishizawa A. , Kou R. , Xu X. , Yoshida K. , Tsuchizawa T. , Aihara T. , Nishikawa T. , Cong G. , Hitachi K. , Yamamoto N. , Yamada K. , Oguri K.
Published: July 2023

We generated a 24-fs all-fiber electro-optic comb at 1.5 µm with a 25-GHz repetition rate. We also generated a 2/3-octave spanning supercontinuum spectrum using precisely engineered silicon nitride waveguides.
Quantum Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the far-infrared region
Authors: Mukai Yu , Okamoto Ryo , Takeuchi Shigeki
Published: July 2023

Quantum Fourier-transform (QFTIR) spectroscopy enables the estimation of infrared optical properties only by detecting visible or near-infrared light, harnessing the quantum interference between the successive photon-pair generation processes. We demonstrate QFTIR spectroscopy in the finger print region around 10 µm.
Photon-number-dependent visibility in two-photon spectral quantum interference between a thermal field and heralded-state
Authors: Kashi Anahita Khodadad , Kues Michael
Published: July 2023

Frequency-domain two-photon quantum interference between a thermal field and a heralded-state is studied theoretically and experimentally, revealing the dependency of visibility on the multiphoton components within the heralded-state.
Photonics at the zero-nanometer limits
Authors: Kim D. S.
Published: July 2023

In this tutorial, we survey various methods to fabricate (sub)nanogaps, including how to change the gap width in-situ from zero to tens of nanometers. We define 'zerogap' in relation to the broad optical frequency, from microwaves to the visible and discuss potential applications. Flagship nanotechnologies such as the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and the atomic force microscopy heavily rely on their ability to control and maintain the gap width between the probe and the probed surface, often with picometer precisions. However matured these technologies are, their applications are limited to imaging or to single molecular manipulations because of the small device footprints of the zero-dimensional, ~1 nm2 variable gap architectures. For photonic applications encompassing the microwave and terahertz regime, we need to vastly increase the effective length of the gap control to at leaset several wavelengths, to the truly macroscopic scale. We explore this very issue of how to extend the picometer distance controllability to the wafer-length; wafer-scale. Based on the atomic layer lithography, high aspect ratio-nanotrenches of 10 nm width, up to 2 cm-long are fabricated by etching-out the alumina spacer, on a flexible substrate1. While our as-fabricated structure can be transparent to electromagnetic waves owing to the slot antenna action of the nanotrenches, inherently embedded point-contacts become activated when gentle bending closes the gap. Quantum plasmonic actions over the uniform length of nanotrenches traversing tunneling, quantized conductance and semi-classical regimes produce an extinction better than 10,000 repeatable over 10,000 times in real time that can alter resonance and symmetry as well. Our quantum line-contacts offer a versatile platform for macroscopic realization of microscopic phenomena.