bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of a Cryptosporidiosis Outbreak Caused by Cryptosporidium parvum in a Dairy Farm
Authors: KARAKAVUK MUHAMMET , Can Hüseyin , DÖŞKAYA MERT , Karakavuk Tuğba , Alak Sedef Erkunt , Köseoğlu Ahmet Efe , Gül Aytül , Ün Cemal , Gürüz Yüksel , Döşkaya Aysu Değirmenci
Published: August 2020

Background

Diarrhea caused by parasitic agents is common in neonatal calves and causes significant economic losses in cattle farms worldwide. Cryptosporidium spp. is one of the most frequently detected parasitic agents causing diarrhea in neonatal calves. Also, Giardia intestinalis is shown to cause diarrhea in calves. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves (n:36), cows (n: 11), drinking water and two different artesian water supplies as well as in environmental swap samples (n:32) obtained from the manger, silage, bottle, and doorknob in a dairy farm which has big diarrhea problems. For this purpose, all fecal samples investigated with using direct microscopy for routine parasitological screening. Then, the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was examined in feces samples and other environmental samples using Kinyoun acid-fast stained slides and Real-Time PCR targeting Cryptosporidium spp.. In addition, Real-Time PCR positive samples were investigated by nested PCR and subsequently by sequencing, BLAST, and phylogenetic analysis for species identification by MEGA7.
Results

Giardia intestinalis was detected in 10 feces samples (21,27%; 10/47) during routine microscopic examination. Among them, 9 belonged to calves older than two months without diarrhea, and one belonged to an adult cow. Cryptosporidium spp. was found in 11 calves (30.55%; 11/36) by Real-Time PCR, whereas no cows were found positive. Among the PCR positive samples, only five of them were detected as positive by microscopy. Cryptosporidium spp. positivity value was found higher in younger than two month old calves with diarrhea (9/12; 75%). Also, Cryptosporidium spp. was found in one of two water supplies and five of environmental samples by real-time PCR. Of the 18 real time positive samples, 8 were found positive by nested PCR and all positive samples were detected to be Cryptosporidium parvum by sequencing, BLAST, and phylogenetic analysis.
Conclusions

Our findings showed the importance of C. parvum infection in diarrhea cases occurred in calves. Besides the correct diagnosis and treatment of Cryptosporidium spp. contaminated water resources, and hygiene measures are very important for preventing the cryptosporidiosis in dairy farms.
Impact of high non-performing loan ratios on bank lending trends and profitability
Authors: Jing Eric
Published: August 2020

The goal of this paper is to explore the relationship between the specific non-performing loan ratio (NPL ratio) and the corresponding impact on the bank’s profitability and lending behavior. It also seeks to investigate the macroeconomic impacts of economies with excessively high NPL ratios as well as the efficacy and impact of alleviation measures used by banks and governments around the world to help facilitate a decrease in high NPL ratios. The possible implications and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on NPL ratios is also addressed in this paper. It is found that when excessively high NPL ratios go unaddressed, the economy tends to suffer. On the other hand, this study shows that when measures are taken to reduce or eliminate the high NPL ratios, economic performance improves, and the reduction has a clear positive impact on the economy.
Quasi-optical Design of a Millimeter Wave Imaging System 
Authors: Jadidi Faeze , Eslamimajd Abdollah , Erfaniyan Alireza , Armaki Seyed Hossein Mohseni
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we report complete design and simulation of a quasi-optical millimeter wave imaging system with Fresnel lens and horn Antenna using ZEMAX and FEKO softwares, respectively. It is much easier to make a Fresnel lens at millimeter wavelengths compared to spherical and aspherical lenses. The use of Fresnel lens to focus millimeter wave radiation greatly reduces the thickness and also the weight of the focusing element from 25 Kg to 4.5 Kg. A horn antenna with Gaussian profile and corrugated walls at the central frequency of 94 GHz for feeding this system is designed. The symmetry of the designed corrugated Gaussian horn radiation pattern in E and H orthogonal planes, its wide bandwidth as well as its low side lobe levels make it a good candidate for feeding a W band millimeter-wave imaging system. The designed quasi-optical imaging system has low weight with high resolution and can be used to detect hidden objects within a distance of 5 meters with 30 mm resolution in W band at 94 GHz central frequency.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Characteristics of Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach
Authors: Liu Chenxu , Qin Yanru , Chang Zhiwei , Wang Wenjia , Liu Chen , Dong Lin
Published: August 2020

Objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical and pathological features of HAS and investigate the factors affecting prognosis.Methods From January 2014 to May 2020, 31 patients were diagnosed as HAS in in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The clinicopathologic features and the relevant prognosis of these patients were analyzed.Results Of the 31 patients, 23 were male, with a median age of 62 years. And among the 31 patients, 22 patients underwent a radical gastrectomy and a D2 lymph node dissection. During the follow up period, 18 patients died of the disease. The median OS (mOS) was 28 months. The 1-year survival rate was 55%, the 3-year survival rate was 47%, and the 5-year survival rate was 34%. An elevated CA125 level, distant metastasis, and radical surgery were associated with the prognosis of HAS, and distant metastasis is an independent prognostic risk factor for survival. Conclusion HAS had a poor prognosis because of its frequent vascular involvement, and lymph node and liver metastasis. Aggressive multimodal treatment comprising radical gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy is warranted.This article describes the Clinicopathological of Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma of the Stomach and through survival analysis, the factors affecting the patient’s prognosis were studied.
Prognostic performance of different lymph node staging systems after curative resection for Siewert type II adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Zhang Weilin , Li Yong
Published: August 2020

Background: The tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) pN stage, which is based on the number of positive lymph nodes (LNs), is an important prognostic factor for patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). The lymph node ratio (LNR) and log odds of metastatic lymph nodes (LODDS) staging systems are new effective indicators of prognosis. We aimed to evaluate their prognostic value in Siewert type II AEG.Methods: Patients diagnosed with Siewert type II AEG who underwent curative resection between 2004 and 2014 at Guangdong General Hospital were recruited. A Cox regression model was constructed, and prognostic performance was measured using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and the Akaike information criterion (AIC).Results: When LN status was modeled as a continuous variable, the LODDS system (C-index: 0.729; AIC: 940.483) outperformed the other staging systems, including the number of positive LNs (LNP) (C-index: 0.721; AIC: 946.935) and LNR (C-index: 0.725; AIC: 938.918).However,when assessed as categorical variables, the LNR staging system had a better prognostic performance (C-index: 0.752; AIC: 926.350) than the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition TNM pN (C-index: 0.740; AIC: 934.349) and LODDS (C-index: 0.737; AIC: 939.087) staging systems. Each LNR stage is more evenly distributed than the other two staging systems. Moreover, the LODDS stage is more dependent on the TLNE.Conclusion: The LNR represented the best prognostic factor when assessed as a categorical variable and may serve as an alternative nodal staging system for AEG.
Annoying Skin Reaction Among The Medical Staff Using Personal Protective Equipment During COVID-19
Authors: Alkubaisi Thamir
Published: August 2020

Backgrounds: the medical staff remains liable to COVID-19. Healthcare institutions must give offer to the supply of "personal protective equipment" to them, with the prolonged contact with this equipment that may cause a variety of skin diseases.Purpose: To shed light on the cutaneous abnormal reactions to the "personal protective equipment" among the medical staff and offers solutions.Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted for the medical staff that involved doctors, dentists, pharmacists, and nurses in the high-risk Ramadi General Teaching Hospital and low-risk Private Clinics, between 4-10 July 2020, at the time after the rise in COVID-19 patients in Anbar governorate, Iraq. A thorough quantitative descriptive research included age, gender, the duration and type of used masks, gloves, Goggles/face shield, and/or gown. About 23 questions described the adverse skin reactions chiefly that involve the skin. Results: A total of 196 participants were recruited for the online questionnaire, including (49.5%) doctor, (15.3%) dentist, (16.8%) pharmacist, and (18.4%) nurse, with a significant involvement between 20-29 years old age. The use of the mask and glove were associated significantly with an adverse skin reaction, like a wound, dry lips, Acne and/or folliculitis, hand dryness, erythema, itching, wrinkle, nail fracture. While workers who regularly used gowns had a negative correlation with adverse skin reactions including erythema with pruritus of trunk and shoulders, miliaria, and pityriasis versicolor. Goggles/face shield did not report adverse skin problems,Conclusions: The medical staff uses personal protective equipment that may develop mild dermatological adverse effects. It needs early diagnosis and treatment. There is dermatological advice that may be helpful to avoid these unwanted effects.
Prognostic Significance of Oral Frailty on the All-Cause Mortality
Authors: YANG Zhe-Yu , Chen Wei-liang
Published: August 2020

Background: As the proportion of elderly population grows, it raises concern about impaired oral health which has been reported to be associated with increased risk of numerous adverse health events. Emerging study defined oral frailty as poor oral health accumulation and demonstrated that oral frailty was a risk factor of disability, physical frailty and mortality. In this study, we examined the association between modified oral frailty and all-cause mortality in the Unites States. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, a total of 8,382 participants who completed oral functions data from 1999-2002 NHANES database were recruited. Modified oral frailty included 3 components: limited eating ability, dry mouth and difficult swallowing, which were obtained from self-reported questionnaire. For primary outcome, all-cause mortality was followed from baseline to death or 2006. The relationship of modified oral frailty and all-cause mortality was assessed by Cox regression model. Results: A statistically significant relationship between modified oral frailty and all-cause mortality was observed in fully adjusted model. Participants with more components of modified oral frailty had worse risk of all-cause mortality. Limited eating ability was inversely associated with muscle strength, telomere length. Conclusion: Modified oral frailty which obtained from an easy self-assessment survey might be a potential risk factor for all-cause mortality and could be applied to general health examination. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered
Molecular Characterization of Pathogenicity Locus (PaLoc) and tcdC Genetic Diversity Among tcdA+B+ Clostridioides Difficile Clinical Isolates in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Kodori Mansoor , Ghalavand Zohreh , Yadegar Abbas , Eslami Gita , Azimirad Masoumeh , Krutova Marcela , Abadi Alireza , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2020

Background: Clostridioides difficile is the main cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. It is proposed that certain C. difficile toxinotypes with distinct pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) variants are associated with disease severity and outcomes. Additionally, few studies have described the common C. difficile toxinotypes, and also little is known about the tcdC variants in Iranian isolates. We characterized the toxinotypes and the tcdC genotypes from a collection of Iranian clinical C. difficile tcdA+B+ isolates with known ribotypes (RTs).Methods: Fifty C. difficile isolates with known RTs and carrying the tcdA and tcdB toxin genes were analyzed. Toxinotyping was carried out based on a PCR-RFLP analysis of a 19.6 kb region encompassing the PaLoc. Genetic diversity of the tcdC gene was determined by the sequencing of the gene.Results: Of the 50 C. difficile isolates investigated, five distinct toxinotypes were recognized. Toxinotypes 0 (33/50, 66%) and V (11/50, 22%) were the most frequently found. C. difficile isolates of the toxinotype 0 mostly belonged to RT 001 (12/33, 36.4%), whereas toxinotype V consisted of RT 126 (9/11, 81.8%). The tcdC sequencing showed six variants (35/50, 70%); tcdC-sc3 (24%), tcdC-A (22%), tcdC-sc9 (18%), tcdC-B (2%), tcdC-sc14 (2%), and tcdC-sc15 (2%). The remaining isolates were wild-types (15/50, 30%) in the tcdC gene.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that the majority of clinical tcdA+B+ isolates of C. difficile frequently harbor tcdC genetic variants. We also found that the RT 001/ toxinotype 0 and the RT 126/ toxinotype V are the most common types among Iranian isolates. Further studies are needed to investigate the putative association of various tcdC genotypes with CDI severity and its recurrence.
Machine Learning and a Computational Fluid Dynamic Approach to Estimate Phase Composition of Chemical Vapor Deposition Boron Carbide
Authors: Zeng Q.F. , Gao Yong , Guan Kang , Liu Jiantao , Feng Zhiqiang
Published: August 2020

Chemical vapor deposition is an important method for the preparation of boron carbide. Knowledge of the correlation between the phase composition of the deposit and the deposition conditions (temperature, inlet gas composition, total pressure, reactor configuration, and total flow rate) has not been completely determined. In this work, a novel approach to identify the kinetic mechanisms for the deposit composition is presented. Machine leaning (ML) and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques are utilized to identify core factors that influence the deposit composition. It has been shown that ML, combined with CFD, can reduce the prediction error from 25% to 7%, compared with the ML approach alone. The sensitivity coefficient study shows that BHCl2 and BCl3 produce the most boron atoms, while C2H4 and CH4 are the main sources of carbon atoms. The new approach can accurately predict the deposited boron-carbon ratio and provide a new design solution for other multi-element systems.
Comparison of deaths rates for COVID-19 across Europe
Authors: Villani Leonardo , McKee Martin , Giraldi Luca , Ricciardi Walter , Boccia Stefania
Published: August 2020

Europe suffered greatly in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Italy was in the forefront, with its Lombardy region especially badly affected. However, European countries have been impacted to quite different degrees. We report Crude Mortality Rates (CMRs) and, in five countries supplying comparable age-specific data, Standardized Mortality Rates (SMRs) from deaths reported as due to COVID-19 in the European Union and United Kingdom. As of 21st July 2020, Belgium was the country with the highest cumulative CMR (85.6/100,000), but Lombardy region was at almost double this value (167.0/100,000), while corresponding figure for the rest of Italy was 36.3/100,000. SMRs could be calculated for five countries (Italy, Portugal, Sweden, Germany and Netherlands). Among them, Sweden had the highest SMR (60.7/100,000). The corresponding figures for Italy, Netherlands, Portugal and Germany were 48.2/100,000, 41.0/100,000, 15.1/100,000 and 10.0/100,000 respectively. It is clear that countries within Europe have performed very differently in their responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the many limitations in the available data must be addressed before a definitive detailed assessment of the reasons can be made.
Prevalence of Postoperative Delirium According to the Intraoperative General Anesthetic Agents in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: a Retrospective and Propensity-Score Matched Study
Authors: Shin Hyun-Jung , Choi Soo Lyoen , Na Hyo-Seok
Published: August 2020

Background: Cognitive alterations after cardiac surgery are a growing concern. We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of postoperative delirium (PD) in cardiac surgical patients according to the main anesthetic agent.Methods: The medical records of 534 patients, who had undergone heart valve surgery or coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) between January 2012 and August 2017, were investigated. They were divided into two groups according to the main anesthetic agent: inhalation with dexmedetomidine (InDex group, n = 340) and propofol (propofol group, n = 194). The incidence of PD was evaluated as the primary outcome. Patient-, surgery-, and anesthesia-related factors and postoperative complications were investigated as secondary outcomes. To reduce the risk of confounder effects between the two groups, 194 patients were selected from the InDex group after propensity-score matching.Results: After propensity-score matching, the incidence of PD was not significantly different between the InDex (6.2%) and propofol (10.8%) groups (P = 0.136). In comparison of the incidence of each type of PD, only hyperactive PD occurred significantly less in the InDex group than in the propofol group (P = 0.021). Older age, lower preoperative albumin levels, and emergency surgery were significant risk factors for PD.Conclusions: The overall incidence of PD after cardiac surgery with CPB is not associated with the main anesthetic agents, inhalation and dexmedetomidine-based vs. propofol-based anesthesia. Only hyperactive PD occurred less frequently after in patients receiving inhalation and dexmedetomidine-based anesthesia.
Inflammatory potential of diet in association with breast cancer risk: A matched case-control study
Authors: Hayati Zahra , Montazeri Vahid , Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R , Pirouzpanah Saeed
Published: August 2020

Background: The present study aimed to explore the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII ® ) and the risk of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BrCa) for the first time in a large population-based case-control study conducted in Iran.Methods: The subjects consisted of 1007 women with histopathologically confirmed BrCa, and 1004 controls admitted to hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, for non-neoplastic conditions. The DII scores were computed based on dietary intake collected using a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII TM ) also were calculated. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: The pro-inflammatory diet [highest E-DII quartile (Q)] vs. the anti-inflammatory diet (lowest E-DII scores) showed significantly increased BrCa risk (OR Q4 vs. Q 1 : 1.87; 95% CI: 1.42‒2.47). This was aligned with the findings obtained in women at reproductive ages (premenopausal status) who diagnosed with luminal A [estrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) and/or progesterone receptor-positive (PR + ) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 - )] (OR Q4 vs. Q 1 : 2.71; 95% CI: 1.74‒4.22) and luminal B (ER + and/or PR + , HER2 + ) (OR Q4 vs. Q 1 : 2.86; 95% CI: 1.39‒5.89). Women in the highest E-DII quartile were three times more likely to have triple-negative BrCa (ER - , PR - , HER2 - ) compared to luminal A (OR Q4 vs. Q1 : 3.00; 95% CI: 1.002‒8.96). Likewise, the risk of HER2-enriched BrCa (ER - , PR - and HER2 + ) vs. luminal B subtype was increased among those consumed the most pro-inflammatory E-DII (OR Q4 vs. Q1 : 2.44; 95% CI: 1.01‒5.88). A significant ascending trend was observed in mean E-DII scores, followed by rising tumor size (P=0.018).Conclusions: The pro-inflammatory diet, as indicated by increasing E-DII scores, was a risk factor of BrCa in Iranian women, providing updates to the invasive molecular subtypes of BrCa. Diets modulated for high anti-inflammatory and low pro-inflammatory dietary components are suggested to prevent the risk of more aggressive forms of BrCa.
Growth and Appearance Quality of Four Microgreen Species under Light-emitting Diode Lights with Different Spectral Combinations
Authors: Ying Qinglu , Kong Yun , Zheng Youbin
Published: August 2020

To investigate plant growth and quality responses to different light spectral combinations, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra), kale (Brassica napus L. ‘Red Russian’), arugula (Eruca sativa L.), and mustard (Brassica juncea L. ‘Ruby steak’) microgreens were grown in a controlled environment using sole-source light with six different spectra: 1) FL: cool white fluorescent light; 2) BR: 15% blue and 85% red light-emitting diode (LED); 3) BRFRL: 15% blue, 85% red, and 15.5 µmol·m−2·s−1 far-red (FR) LED; 4) BRFRH: 15% blue, 85% red, and 155 µmol·m−2·s−1 FR LED; 5) BGLR: 9% blue, 6% green, and 85% red LED; and 6) BGHR: 5% blue, 10% green, and 85% red LED. For all the light treatments, the total photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was set at ≈330 µmol·m−2·s−1 under a 17-hour photoperiod, and the air temperature was ≈21 °C with 73% relative humidity (RH). At harvest, BR vs. FL increased plant height for all the tested species except arugula, and enlarged cotyledon area for kale and arugula. Adding high-intensity FR light to blue and red light (i.e., BRFRH) further increased plant height for all species, and cotyledon area for mustard, but it did not affect the fresh or dry biomass for any species. Also, BRFRH vs. BR increased cotyledon greenness for green-leafed species (i.e., arugula, cabbage, and kale), and reduced cotyledon redness for red-leafed mustard. However, BGLR, BGHR, and BRFRL, compared with BR, did not affect plant height, cotyledon area, or fresh or dry biomass. These results suggest that the combination of 15% blue and 85% red LED light can potentially replace FL as the sole light source for indoor production of the tested microgreen species. Combining high-intensity FR light, rather than low-level (≤10%) green light, with blue and red light could be taken into consideration for the optimization of LED light spectral quality in microgreen production under environmental conditions similar to this experiment.
Overnight Supplemental Blue, Rather than Far-red, Light Improves Microgreen Yield and Appearance Quality without Compromising Nutritional Quality during Winter Greenhouse Production
Authors: Ying Qinglu , Kong Yun , Zheng Youbin
Published: August 2020

To determine whether supplemental blue light (B) or far-red light (FR) overnight can promote microgreen elongation to facilitate machine harvesting and improve microgreen quality and yield, two common microgreen species, mustard (Brassica juncea) and arugula (Eruca sativa), were grown in a greenhouse in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, during January 2019. Low-intensity (14 μmol·m−2·s−1) B or FR was applied to microgreens overnight from 1730 hr to 0630 hr, and no supplemental lighting (D) was used as a control. After 2 weeks of light treatments, B compared to D promoted stem elongation by 16% and 10%, respectively, and increased crop yield by 32% and 29%, respectively, in mustard and arugula. B compared to D also increased the cotyledon area in mustard and leaf mass per area in arugula and enhanced cotyledon color in both species despite having no effects on total chlorophyll, carotenoid, and phenolic contents. However, FR did not increase stem length or fresh weight compared with D, reduced plant height compared with B in both species, and reduced the cotyledon area in arugula. FR, compared with D and B, reduced the stem diameter and phytochemical contents of both species. Therefore, low-intensity B can be applied overnight for winter greenhouse microgreen production because of its beneficial effects on appearance quality and crop yield without negatively affecting nutritional quality.
Tasawuf Dan Perempuan Pemikiran Sufi-Feminisme Kh. Husein Muhammad
Authors: Najib Muhammad Ainun
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Husein Muhammad is often classified as a liberal feminist because of his involvement in the thoughts and movements of feminism in Indonesia. Some researchers emphatically liberal feminism in the thinking of Kiai Husein. However, if it is read carefully, there are slips of feminist thought and movement of Kiai Husein with a Sufistic nuance even though it starts from the interpretation of gender or fiqh of the female which is indeed the core of his science. Kiai Husein's Sufistic thought traces are clearly seen in three ways. First, women are sacred and respectable creatures. This is excerpted from the speech of the Muhammad in the event of hajj WADA'. Second, loving equality is a loving God (mahabbah). For Kiai Husein, the sign of someone loving his Lord is a sincere recognition of the equality of men and women. The use of the concept of mahabbah in feminism confirms, in the thought of Kiai Husein, Sufism in feminism. Third, women are not a matter of the body, but spirit. In the midst of the ideology of capitalism which makes the female body a vessel of sensuality, Kiai Husein defended women through human essence, including men, which lies in the spirit.

Keywords: Woman, Sufism, KH. Husein Muhammad, thoughts, feminism.

 

Abstrak

Husein Muhammad acapkali diklasifikasikan sebagai feminis liberal lantaran keterlibatannya dalam pemikiran dan gerakan feminisme di Indonesia. Beberapa peneliti dengan tegas feminisme liberal dalam pemikiran Kiai Husein. Namun, bila dibaca dengan saksama, terselip pemikiran dan gerakan feminisme Kiai Husein yang bernuansa sufistik sekalipun hal itu berawal dari tafsir gender atau fikih perempuan yang memang menjadi core keilmuannya. Jejak pemikiran sufistik Kiai Husein terlihat dengan gamblang dalam tiga hal. Pertama, Perempuan adalah makhluk suci dan terhormat. Ini disarikan dari pidato Nabi Muhammad dalam peristiwa haji wada’. Kedua, mencintai kesetaraan adalah mencintai Tuhan (mahabbah). Bagi Kiai Husein, tanda seorang mencintai Tuhannya adalah pengakuan yang tulus terhadap kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan. Penggunaan konsep mahabbah dalam feminisme menegaskan, dalam pemikiran Kiai Husein, tasawuf dalam feminisme. Ketiga, perempuan bukan soal tubuh, tapir ruh. Di tengah ideologi kapitalisme yang menjadikan tubuh perempuan sebagai bejana sensualitas, Kiai Husein melakukan pembelaan terhadap perempuan melalui esensi manusia, termasuk laki-laki, yang terletak pada ruh.

Kata Kunci: Perempuan, tasawuf, KH. Husein Muhammad, pemikiran.
INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE COMO POSTURA DOCENTE NA PERSPECTIVA DA FENOMENOLOGIA GOETHIANA
Authors: Silva Evelyn Ribeiro , Keim Ernesto Jacob
Published: August 2020

A necessidade da interdisciplinaridade na produção do conhecimento é debate recorrente ao evidenciar um enfoque epistemológico com repercussão no cenário pedagógico. Este artigo objetiva descrever a Interdisciplinaridade como elemento que contribui para o refinamento da postura do educador, caracterizada como metamorfose, conforme defende a proposta de Fenomenologia amparada em Friedrich Schiller e Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. O propósito do texto é apresentar a interdisciplinaridade como processo intersubjetivo que valoriza o ser da pessoa que investiga e o foco que é investigado, fazendo uma conexão entre o que se procura e o que se encontra como acervo pessoal com o qual se consolida a intuição e a criatividade. A pesquisa que sustenta esse artigo foi de cunho bibliográfico, e se apresentou como reflexão sobre a prática da Interdisciplinaridade, para atender à dimensão multifuncional dos profissionais da educação. Sendo assim, faz uma breve apresentação da trajetória da Interdisciplinaridade no Brasil na medida em que se contrapõe à lógica aristotélica de fragmentação dos temas a serem investigados, o que ainda perdura na forma contemporânea e convencional de fazer ciência. A compreensão da interdisciplinaridade como movimento articulador na educação como processo, tem o potencial de promover mudanças na postura docente, ao ponto de possibilitar a transformação do profissional e consequente melhoria na qualidade da dinâmica de educação, como o que promove libertação e autonomia. Diante da conjuntura educacional vigente, amparada mais num substrato de regulação governamental, esse artigo, defende a valorização e fortalecimento das ações dos docentes, que se configuram como elementos de resistência ao que é estabelecido pelos meios oficiais. Conclui-se que a postura interdisciplinar pode contribuir para ampliar a visão intersubjetiva de cada educador na sua atuação docente, estabelecendo novas conexões entre os saberes, qualificando seu patamar científico como superação das fragmentações -0manifestadas disciplinarmente nos espaços de aprendizagem, influenciadas pelas tendências positivistas fortemente visíveis até hoje.
EGRESSOS DO SISTEMA PRISIONAL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA NACIONAL
Authors: Zamonelli Hader Thais , Camargo Vaz Daniele , Becker da Silva Andressa Melina
Published: August 2020

Ser egresso do sistema prisional é ter que se adaptar e vivenciar aos preconceitos e estigmas que a sociedade impõe. Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de compreender como é a vida egresso socialmente (trabalho, estudo, psicológico, relação com os familiares) após o sistema prisional, foram consultados nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), Biblioteca virtual em saúde (BVS) e Periódicos eletrônicos da Psicologia (PePSIC) os descritores “prisões”, “trabalho” e “egressos”. Foram analisados artigos no período de 10 anos (2009-2019). Localizaram-se 31 artigos, mas, aplicando-se os critérios de exclusão, foram analisados na íntegra oito artigos. Os resultados mostram uma crescente publicação sobre o tema no ano de 2010 e foi possível observar que há poucos estudos sobre a temática. Nota-se que a sociedade não se encontra preparada para receber de volta indivíduos que infringiram as regras do convívio social, em que são submetidos a vivenciar desafios para se reinserir na sociedade e ter de volta sua identidade. Foi notório nos resultados que todos os artigos mencionam programas de auxílio que promovem a reinserção do egresso. Ou seja, o mesmo estado que pune, reprime e julga, insere programas para auxiliar pessoas que passam pelo sistema prisional, como uma maneira de tentar minimizar os efeitos causados pelo cárcere.
O PÓS-MODERNISMO FEMINISTA: OS POSSÍVEIS EFEITOS ADVINDOS DA CRIMINOLOGIA FEMINISTA NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO.
Authors: E Silva Neta Elenita Araújo , Catão Adrualdo de Lima
Published: August 2020

A criminologia feminista constitui-se em um ramo da criminologia crítica, tendo como principal objetivo o questionamento da aplicação do direito penal pelo Estado. Assim, dentro da criminologia feminista há constante influência dos movimentos feministas (liberal e radical) que buscam no direito penal uma ferramenta de igualar a relação entre o masculino e o feminino. Nesse sentido, devido à intensidade dos movimentos, principalmente na área de políticas públicas (liberal) e na igualdade de gêneros (radical), surge o pós-modernismo feminista, isto é, a soma dos progressos dos movimentos feministas dentro da criminologia crítica (feminista). Dessa forma, o presente trabalho busca identificar os possíveis efeitos do pós-modernismo feminista no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como suas prováveis consequências na área do direito criminal pátrio.
TRABALHAR COM AS MÃOS ENSINA MUITO: A MÃO DE SARAMAGO COMO PARTE DA HISTÓRIA DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGIA DO BRASIL
Authors: Colombo Irineu Mario , Ballão Carmen Mazepa , Eckstein Luiz Carlos , Colombo Leonir Olderico
Published: August 2020

O Objetivo deste artigo é contribuir com a história da Educação Profissional, Técnica e Tecnológica do Brasil, ao apresentar o processo de constituição do Campus Foz do Iguaçu, um dos 26 campus do Instituto Federal do Paraná, que ocorreu em paralelo e dependente dos primeiros movimentos nacionais para constituição da nova Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, que desemboca na Lei 11.892/2008. A história inicial do Câmpus, localizado no município de Foz do Iguaçu,  se confunde com a luta pela superação da dualidade histórica entre trabalho manual e intelectual, bem como entre o treinamento para trabalhar e o trabalho como princípio dedutivo. A tentativa de superação está no símbolo adotado pelo Câmpus Foz, em que o escrito José Saramago lhe presta homenagem com uma frase símbolo, inscrita na ocasião de sua inauguração. Esta pesquisa é descritiva, com base em fontes primárias, entrevistas e algumas bibliografias e na experiência profissional dos autores. É a ocasião da memória histórica, formalizada no artigo, ser instrumentos de análise crítica para estudiosos da educação. O desenrolar conclui que o esforço para mudar um paradigma legal e cultural, se dá por etapas e esforço coletivo, permanente, com vista a apontar uma instituição para formação de cidadão autônomos e emancipados.
Neighbour effect: applicability of tax mimicking concept to setting tariffs for water provision in Poland
Authors: Łukomska Julita , Swianiewicza Paweł
Published: August 2020

In our paper, tariff mimicking is interpreted as a specific type of yardstick competition. Local authorities compete for political capital and, in order to maintain (or increase) it, they compare their voter-sensitive policies with the policies of other local governments. The phenomenon of mimicking is related to the subject of inter-jurisdictional interactions. We try to identify the phenomenon of mimicking in local fees for water provision in Poland in the period 2013–2017. Our empirical strategy is based on two methods: spatial lag regression and a quasi-experimental design using a difference-indifferences method. In the latter method, we first identify local governments that have considerably increased their tariffs for water. Next, we compare whether their immediate neighbouring municipalities are more likely to follow the change than a ‘control group’ of similar, more distant, local governments. The results of our study confirm the existence of geographical interactions in the tariff policies of Polish local governments. Furthermore the results of our regression models confirm that ‘mimicking interactions’ are stronger in the case of tariffs for water provision than for local tax policies.
Data integration for infrastructure asset management in small to medium-sized water utilities
Authors: Carriço N. , Ferreira B. , Barreira R. , Antunes A. , Grueau C. , Mendes A. , Covas D. , Monteiro L. , Santos J. , Brito I. S.
Published: August 2020

Water utilities collect, store and manage vast data sets using many information systems (IS). For infrastructure asset management (IAM) planning those data need to be processed and transformed into information. However, information management efficiency often falls short of desired results. This happens particularly in municipalities where management is structured according to local government models. Along with the existing IS at the utilities' disposal, engineers and managers take their decisions based on information that is often incomplete, inaccurate or out-of-date. One of the main challenges faced by asset managers is integrating the several, often conflicting, sources of information available on the infrastructure, its condition and performance, and the various predictive analyses that can assist in prioritizing projects or interventions. This paper presents an overview of the IS used by Portuguese water utilities and discusses how data from different IS can be integrated in order to support IAM.
DSARna: RNA Secondary Structure Alignment Based on Digital Sequence Representation
Authors: Gao Longjian , Xu Chengzhen , Song Wangan , Xiao Feng , Wu Xiaomin , Shi Li , Sun Yuxuan , Li Jun
Published: August 2020

Background:

With increasing applications and development of high-throughput
sequencing, knowledge of the primary structure of RNA has expanded exponentially. Moreover,
the function of RNA is determined by the secondary or higher RNA structure, and similar
structures are related to similar functions, such as the secondary clover structure of tRNA.
Therefore, RNA structure alignment is an important subject in computational biology and
bioinformatics to predict function accurately. However, the traditional RNA structure alignment
algorithms have some drawbacks such as high complexity and easy loss of secondary structure
information.

Objective:

To study R,,NA secondary structure alignment according to the shortcomings of
existing secondary structure alignment algorithms and the characteristics of RNA secondary
structure.

Method:

We propose a new digital sequence RNA structure representation algorithm named
“DSARna”. Then based on a dynamic programming algorithm, the scoring matrix and binary path
matrix are simultaneously constructed. The backtracking path is identified in the path matrix, and
the optimal result is predicted according to the path length.

Conclusions:

Upon comparison with the existing SimTree algorithm through experimental
analysis, the proposed method showed higher accuracy and could ensure that the structural
information is not easily lost in terms of improved specificity, sensitivity, and the Matthews
correlation coefficient.
Exploring Shared Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus via Co-expression Networks Analysis
Authors: Zhu Yukun , Ding Xuelu , She Zhaoyuan , Bai Xue , Nie Ziyang , Wang Feng , Wang Fei , Geng Xin
Published: August 2020

Background:

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) have an increased
incidence in modern society. Although increasing evidence has supported the close linkage between
these two disorders, the inter-relational mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.

Objective:

The primary purpose of this study is to explore the shared pathophysiological mechanisms of
AD and T2DM.

Methods:

We downloaded the microarray data of AD and T2DM from the Gene Expression Omnibus
(GEO) database and constructed co-expression networks by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network
Analysis (WGCNA) to identify gene network modules related to AD and T2DM. Then, Gene Ontology
(GO) and pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the common genes existing in the AD and
T2DM related modules by clusterProfiler and DOSE package. Finally, we utilized the STRING database
to construct the protein-protein interaction network and found out the hub genes in the network.

Results:

Our findings indicated that seven and four modules were the most significant with AD and
T2DM, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that AD and T2DM common genes were
mainly enriched in signaling pathways such as circadian entrainment, phagosome, glutathione metabolism
and synaptic vesicle cycle. Protein-protein interaction network construction identified 10 hub genes
(CALM1, LRRK2, RBX1, SLC6A1, TXN, SNRPF, GJA1, VWF, LPL, AGT) in AD and T2DM shared
genes.

Conclusions:

Our work identified common pathogenesis of AD and T2DM. These shared pathways
might provide a novel idea for further mechanistic studies and hub genes that may serve as novel therapeutic
targets for diagnosis and treatment of AD and T2DM.
Association of Circulating Cholesterol Level with Cognitive Function and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Community-based Population Study
Authors: Guo Yujie , Li Pengfei , Ma Xiaojun , Huang Xiaochen , Liu Zhuoheng , Ren Xiuwen , Yang Yuhui , Halm-Lutterodt Nicholas V. , Yuan Linhong
Published: August 2020

Background:

The present study was designed to examine the association of circulating cholesterol
with cognitive function in non-demented community aging adults.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study including 1754 Chinese adults aged 55-80 years. The association
between serum cholesterol levels and cognitive function was examined. Participants were categorized
into four groups according to the quartile of circulating TC (total cholesterol), High Density
Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-c), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and HDLc/
LDL-c ratio. The difference in cognitive performance among the groups was compared. Logistic regression
model was used to determine the association of circulating cholesterol level with the risk of
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Results:

Mild increase of serum LDL-c level correlated with better visual and executive, language,
memory and delayed recall abilities. Higher circulating TC and HDL-c levels were found to be associated
with poorer cognitive function, especially in aging female subjects. Higher circulating TC, HDL-c
and HDL/LDL ratio indicated an increased risk of MCI, especially in female subjects.

Conclusion:

Slight increase in circulating LDL-c level might benefit cognitive function in aging adults.
However, higher circulating TC and HDL-c levels might indicate a decline of cognitive function, especially
in aging female subjects.
Design, Synthesis and Studies on Novel Polymeric Prodrugs of Erlotinib for Colon Drug Delivery
Authors: Kumar Sahil , Sharma Bandna , Bhardwaj Tilak R. , Singh Rajesh K.
Published: August 2020

Aims:

In the present study, polymer-drug conjugates were synthesized based on azo-bond cleavage
drug delivery approach for targeting erlotinib as an anticancer drug specifically to the colon for the proficient
treatment of colon cancer.

Background:

Colon Cancer (CC) is the third commonly detected tumor worldwide and makes up about 10% of
all cases of cancers. Most of the chemotherapeutic drugs available for treating colon cancer are not only toxic to
cancerous cells but also to the normal healthy cells. Among the various approaches to get rid of the adverse
effects of anticancer agents, prodrugs are one of the most imperative approaches.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to chemically modify the erlotinib drug through azo-bond linkage and
suitable spacer which will be finally linked to the polymeric backbone to give the desired polymer linked prodrug.
The azo reductase enzyme present in the colon is supposed to cleave the azo-bond specifically and augment
the drug release at the colon.

Methods:

The synthesized conjugates were characterized by IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The cleavage of
aromatic azo-bond resulted in a potential colon-specific liberation of drug from conjugate studied in rat fecal
contents. In vitro release profiles of polyphosphazene-linked conjugates of erlotinib have been studied at pH 1.2,
pH 6.8 and pH 7.4. The stability study was designed to exhibit that free drug was released proficiently and unmodified
from polyphosphazene-erlotinib conjugates having aromatic azo-bond in artificial colon conditions.

Results:

The synthesized conjugates were demonstrated to be stable in simulated upper gastrointestinal tract
conditions. The drug release kinetics shows that all the polymer-drug conjugates of erlotinib follow zero-order
release kinetics which indicates that the drug release from the polymeric backbone is independent of its concentration.
Kinetic study of conjugates with slope (n) shows the anomalous type of release with an exponent (n) >
0.89 indicating a super case II type of release.

Conclusion:

These studies indicate that polyphosphazene linked drug conjugates of erlotinib could be promising
candidates for the site-specific treatment of colon cancer with the least detrimental side-effects.
A Short Exploration of Selected Sensitive CYP3A4 Substrates (Probe Drug)
Authors: Sabarathinam Sarvesh , Vijayakumar Thangavel M.
Published: August 2020

Background:

CYP450 enzymes in the liver have a significant role in the metabolism of
xenobiotics. Probe drug strategy is broadly used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic
drug/ herb-drug interactions/ food-drug interactions. Probe drugs reveal the exact pathway of
drug metabolism in the liver by their targeted tractability property. The CYP3A4 isoenzyme metabolizes
the majority of the drugs (65%).

Methods:

The characteristics of targeted probe drugs were observed from the admetSAR (version2)
online database.

Results:

Midazolam is widely used as a probe drug because of its peculiar character. Midazolam affirms
the accurate and consistent prediction of pharmacokinetic mediated drug interactions even in
nanogram concentrations with or without a potent CYP3A inhibitor. Remarkably, midazolam is
used as a CYP3A4 substrate in the majority of in vivo studies.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that midazolam shows a good response in all clinical studies because
of its lesser half-life and bioavailability when compared with other probe drugs.
Características de replicación y supervivencia del virus de viremia primaveral de la carpa (SVCV) aislado en México
Authors: Cañas-López Leticia , Hernández-Dávila Sandra B , Vázquez-Chagoyan Juan Carlos , Martínez-Castañeda José Simón , Fajardo-Muñoz Raúl , Valladares-Carranza Benjamín , Ortega S César
Published: August 2020

Objetivo. Realizar el aislamiento del virus de la viremia primaveral de la carpa (SVCV) en ejemplares de carpa común (Cyprinus carpio), evaluar su crecimiento en diferentes tipos de células así como la supervivencia viral a diferentes temperaturas. Materiales y métodos. Diez carpas de entre 400-500 gramos de una laguna del centro de México fueron procesadas para el diagnóstico de SVCV mediante aislamiento en cultivo de células y RT-PCR semi-anidado. El virus obtenido se inoculó en células EPC, BF-2, CHSE-214 y RTG-2 para determinar diferencias de crecimiento de SVCV. Además,  se evaluó la supervivencia del virus conservado a temperatura ambiente (TA 20-25°C), refrigeración (REF 4°C) y congelación (CONG -80°C) hasta once meses. Los órganos internos se procesaron para análisis histológico. Resultados. Los peces analizados no presentaron signos externos sugestivos de enfermedad, pero internamente e histopatológicamente se observaron lesiones sugestivas de infección sistémica. SVCV fue aislado en células EPC y BF-2 y confirmado por RT-PCR semi-anidado. SVCV únicamente indujo CPE en células EPC y BF-2 y fue negativo en RTG-2 y CHSE-214. El virus conservado a TA perdió viabilidad después de cuatro meses post-infección (mpi), siendo total a seis mpi; mientras REF y CONG fueron estables durante los once meses de estudio. Conclusiones. La infección subclínica por SVCV fue confirmada en carpas que presentaron lesiones histológicas asociadas a esta infección. SVCV únicamente causó CPE en células EPC y BF-2 y el virus conservó su viabilidad a 4ºC y -80°C hasta once meses; mientras que a TA se perdió en seis meses.