bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the number of piglets born on the composition of sow's colostrum
Authors: CSAPÓ János , HORN Péter , CSAPÓ-KISS Zsuzsanna
Published: November 2024

Determing the content of the first colostrum of 25 Hungarian Large White × Dutch Landrace F1 sows with respect to dry matter, total protein, whey protein, casein, non-protein nitrogen, ash and macro- and microelements (potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese), it was established that most of the components examined were present in the highest concentrations when litter size was around 10 to 12, and that a decrease or an increase in litter size had accompanied by a decrease in the concentrations of the studied components. The changes, following a maximum curve dependent on litter size, observed in the concentration of these components were attributed partly to the effect of placental lactogen (in the section of the curve indicating increase), and partly to physiological overburden of mother (in that indicating decrease).
Influence of the microwave heating on the water soluble vitamins and D-amino acids content of meat
Authors: CSAPÓ János , POHN Gabriella , VARGA-VISI Éva , TERLAKY-BALLA Éva , CSAPÓ-KISS Zsuzsanna
Published: November 2024

The authors examined the content of vitamins B1, B2 and C in meatballs and also the changing content of D-aspartic acid and D-glutamic acid during cooking. The vitamin B1 mixed in 50 mg 100 g–1 concentration to the normal-sized meatball changed the least in 10 minutes, but during 20 minutes of baking, 70 % of vitamin decomposed. The vitamin B2 seems to resist more the microwave treatment since its concentration in 10 minutes reduced from 50 mg 100 g–1 to 43 mg 100 g–1, and after 20 minutes of microwave treatment it reduced to 35 mg 100 g–1. The vitamin C content of the meatballs, applying the two methods of our own, was 20–22 mg 100 g–1 after 10 minutes and 13–14 mg 100 g–1 after 20 minutes. No significant difference was found in the vitamin content between the inside and outside of the meatball. The D/L aspartic acid ratio was 0.048 in the non-treated sample, the D/L glutamic acid ratio was 0.027. The ratio concerning the aspartic acid increased to 0.069 in 10 minutes, 0.151 in 20 minutes, and concerning the glutamic acid increased to 0.042 in 10 minutes, and to 0.047 in 20 minutes.
Fixed effects for 305-day lactation milk traits in cattle
Authors: GORJANC Gregor , MALOVRH Špela , LOGAR Betka , KOVAČ Milena
Published: November 2024

Fixed part of the model for genetic evaluation of milk (MY), fat (FY), protein yield (PY), as well as fat (FC) and protein content (PC) in dairy cattle was studied. During the period 1975–2000, 786 551 records of milk and fat from 243 634 dairy cows of Black-and-White (B&W), Brown (BR) and Simmental (SI) breed were obtained from 13 077 herds in Slovenia. Dataset for PY and PC covered 479 456 records and 173 069 cows between the years 1990 and 2000. Breeds were analysed separately. Parities higher than seventh were combined in one class. The model for yields included fixed effects of calving season, parity, as well as age at calving within parity and length of lactation as quadratic polynomials. Calving season and linear regression for age at calving were sufficient for FC and PC. Age at calving fitted with quadratic regression within parity showed considerable patterns. Findings from this research will be utilised in adjacent study of random effects in the model for genetic evaluation of milk traits in Slovenia.
PHB2 alleviates retinal pigment epithelium cell fibrosis by suppressing the AGE–RAGE pathway
Authors: Chen Feng , Cai Xiaoxiao , Yu Ying
Published: November 2024

Fibrosis is the primary cause of retinal detachment and visual decline. Here, we investigated the role of Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) in modulating fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells stimulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2. The proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of ARPE-19 cells were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, and levels of fibrosis-associated and pathway-related proteins were determined by performing western blotting. To examine the mechanisms underlying ARPE-19 cell fibrosis, we performed RNA sequencing, protein–protein interaction network, and enrichment analyses. We detected increases in the expression of the fibrosis-related proteins fibronectin and collagen I in response to TGF-β2 treatment, whereas the expression of PHB2 was downregulated. PHB2 overexpression suppressed the proliferation and migration of TGF-β2-stimulated ARPE-19 cells, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited fibrosis and Smad and non-Smad pathways. PHB2 overexpression inhibited the advanced glycation end-product (AGE)–receptor of advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) pathway activated by TGF-β2 treatment, which contributed to enhancing the effects of PHB2 on cellular processes, fibrosis, and Smad and non-Smad pathways. Conversely, exogenous application of AGE counteracted the effects of PHB2 overexpression. We conclude that by suppressing the AGE–RAGE pathway, PHB2 exerts an inhibitory effect on TGF-β2-induced fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells.
Apocalypse now? – The Last Generation in digital capital’s affective ecology
Authors: Kramer Max
Published: November 2024

This essay situates the protest actions of the German environmentalist group Die letzte Generation (LG) within an environmental critique of digital capitalism. It specifically examines the temporality of LG’s activism at the intersection of the affective ecology of digital capital and certain aspects of an apocalyptic imagination. I propose a Spinozist approach to the media environment in which LG operates that may open a path toward an immanent critique of LG’s publicity-oriented practices.
Fabrication and characterization of extracted microsized chitosan embedded PVDF membrane for wastewater treatment
Authors: Datta Deepshikha , Kumar Nitin , Bhangar Priyasi , Das Sudipta K. , Koutavarapu Ravindranadh , Das Bimal
Published: November 2024

Critical water crisis due to overpopulation, industrialization and urbanization has resulted to the shortfall of providing safe drinking water to one billion people in the world. This work intends to fabricate modified hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane by hydrophilic chitosan extracted from waste fish scales for wastewater treatment. Chitosan was blended with PVDF in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution by solution casting method. Three different concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 wt% of chitosan were taken. The morphological, spectral and thermal analysis of the produced films were elaborately studied. The contact angle decreased with the increase of chitosan content from 82.64° to 60.97°. The tensile strength decreases from 1.11 to 0.38 MPa and Young’s modulus decreased from 12.08 to 7.4 MPa with increase in chitosan content in the film from 1 to 3 %. The performance of microparticle embedded membrane was compared with the pristine PVDF membrane, and it was affirmed that the microsized-chitosan embedded PVDF membrane manifests a broad promising application perspective towards wastewater treatment owing to its excellent water flux (76 L m−2 h−1) as well as antibacterial properties.
An approach for real-time implementation of cyber security in power system network
Authors: Bhatt Kunal A. , Iyer Jyoti R. , Gupta Shailendra , Pandya Vaibhav , Thawani Raj , Bhalja Bhavesh R.
Published: November 2024

In this era of Web World-3, usage of the Internet of Things (IoT) in power system networks has attained scalable altitude. By using this technology, data can be transferred and monitored from the far end. Further, the suggested corrective actions are also executed. However, recently, many cyber-attacks have been observed on the power system in which activities such as injection of false data, unwanted switching operations, formation of sub-system layers, and false indication of failure of cyber-physical components (CpC) are experienced. In the worst case, it leads to invite cascade tripping of the power system. Utmost care is taken for the selection of CpC for the power system. However, it is observed that the cyber attackers mostly take entry into the network using the CpC of the power system. Cyber attackers perform false switching operations and false data injection. This article suggests a cyber security concept to minimize the false switching operations and false data injection in the power system network. A hardware model is prepared and the working scheme is implemented using IoT technology. The hardware result suggests that the un-authentic attempt/cyber-attack has been identified and the alarm is generated. It also does not permit the un-authentic person to access the real-time data. A wide range of applicability of the suggested scheme has been verified by hardware results. In addition to this, the power factor correction algorithm also works satisfactorily in the hardware along with the cyber security constraints. In order to prove wide range of applicability of the suggested scheme, additional features such as controlling of multiple switching devices and interlock between CB and earthing switch has been successfully implemented in developed hardware.
Do hybrid closed loop insulin pump systems improve glycemic control and reduce hospitalizations in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes?
Authors: Farhat Ilham , Drishti Shah , Bochner Risa , Bargman Renee
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but their effectiveness in young, poorly controlled populations is not established and requires study.

Methods

A pre–post study was performed using electronic health records of patients 3–24 years with baseline HbA1c≥9 % prescribed HCL within the New York City Health+Hospitals System assessing HbA1c levels and hospitalizations before and after HCL initiation and factors associated with achieving HbA1c<9 % after HCL initiation.

Results

Of 47 children and adolescents who met inclusion criteria, 4.68 % female, 95.72 % non-White, and 82.22 % covered by public insurance, with a baseline average HbA1c 10.6 % (2.28 IQR). The most prevalent pump type was Omnipod 5 (70.21 %). The HbA1c was significantly lower in the postperiod than baseline (HbA1c before=median 10.6 (IQR2.28), HbA1c after=median 9.33 (IQR 2.97), difference 1.00 (IQR 1.64), p<0.05) with a decrease in median diabetes-related hospitalizations (preperiod 1.00 (IQR 1.00), postperiod 0.00 (IQR 1.00), difference −1.00, IQR 2, p<0.05). Lower baseline HbA1c levels made reaching HbA1c<9 % more likely. Multivariable analysis showed that the odds of having HbA1c of <9 % was 2.1 times less likely for every one point increase in baseline HbA1c and 12.5 times less likely for those with a pump at (p<0.05).

Conclusions

HCL therapy improved glycemic control and decreased diabetes-related hospitalizations in youth with poorly controlled T1DM. Higher baseline HbA1c levels predicted less success with HCL therapy so those who stand to benefit most benefit least.
Rhetorische Kompendien im klassischen Griechenland und spätrepublikanischen Rom: Die
Rhetorica ad Alexandrum
und die
Rhetorica ad Herennium
im historischen Vergleich
Authors: Piepenbrink Karen
Published: November 2024

Kulturvergleichende Überlegungen zu griechischen und römischen Rhetoriklehrbüchern sind bisher vor allem unter philologischen Gesichtspunkten und im Hinblick auf formal-technische Aspekte angestellt worden, wobei das Hauptaugenmerk auf den Parallelen zwischen den betreffenden Büchern lag. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich hingegen stärker deren inhaltlicher Ausgestaltung und legt den Schwerpunkt auf grundlegende Diskrepanzen zwischen ihnen. Diese sind nicht zuletzt instruktiv, um wesentliche Unterschiede in der öffentlichen Kommunikation zwischen klassisch-griechischer Polis und spätrepublikanisch-römischer res publica zu ermitteln, die ihrerseits auf je eigene politische, soziale und kulturelle Bedingungen und damit auf Differenzen in den historischen Kontexten verweisen.
Law and Macro Finance
Authors: Borowicz M. Konrad
Published: November 2024

This article makes the case for developing law and macro-finance as an integrated research field that explores the role of credit and its regulation within the economic cycle. It highlights the importance of macro-financial conditions, such as leverage and liquidity, over traditional concerns like agency costs and efficiency when assessing the economic impact of the law. The article argues that the future of law and macro-finance research should focus on demonstrating (1) how the law operates under different macro-financial conditions, (2) how the law can shape these conditions, and (3) how these conditions influence legal frameworks. This research is partly inspired by, and could also be valuable for, organizations like the World Bank and IMF, which increasingly acknowledge the role of debt in financial crises and are beginning to promote policies that help countries better align the size of their credit markets with their economic needs.
Utilizing collagen-coated hydrogels with defined stiffness as calibration standards for AFM experiments on soft biological materials: the case of lung cells and tissue
Authors: Stylianou Andreas , Kontomaris Stylianos Vasileios , Polemidiotou Katerina , Zachariades Andreas
Published: November 2024

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is crucial in mechanobiology for high-resolution imaging and nanomechanical measurements of biological samples, providing insights into their mechanical properties. However, AFM faces challenges such as tip damage and cantilever selection errors, impacting measurement accuracy. This study proposes a methodology using collagen-coated hydrogels with predefined stiffness for calibrating AFM measurements on soft biological materials. By facilitating appropriate cantilever selection, assessing systematic errors, and evaluating tip damage, this approach ensures reliable Young’s modulus measurements. The proof of concept with human lung cells and tissue specimens demonstrates improved accuracy and reliability of AFM-based nanomechanical characterizations, essential for understanding cellular mechanics and disease progression.
Unique features of plasmonic absorption in ultrafine metal nanoparticles: unity and rivalry of volumetric compression and spill-out effect
Authors: Khrennikov Daniil , Labuntsov Victor , Ladutenko Konstantin , Terekhov Ivan , Bogdanov Andrey , Ågren Hans , Karpov Sergey
Published: November 2024

We present a solution to a longstanding challenge in nanoplasmonics and colloid chemistry: the anomalous optical absorption of noble metal nanoparticles in the ultrafine size range of 2.5–10 nm, characterized by a rapid long-wavelength shift in plasmon resonance as the particle size increases. Our investigation delves into the impact of alterations in electron density along the radial direction of nanoparticles and the resulting variations in dielectric constants on the spectral positioning of the plasmon resonance. We explore the interplay of the spill-out effect, volumetric compression, and their combined impact in different experimental conditions on electron density variation within the particle volume and its blurring at the particle boundary. The latter effectively forms a surface layer with altered dielectric constants and a size-independent extent. As particle size decreases, the influence of the surface layer becomes more pronounced, especially when its extent is comparable to the particle radius. These findings are specific to ultrafine plasmonic nanoparticles and highlight their unique properties.
Nanotube formation and coating of hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol-collagen composite on Ti-6Al-4V metal alloy
Authors: Charlena Charlena , Nuzulia Nur Aisyah , Hana Asiah
Published: November 2024

Ti-6Al-4V metal is widely used as an implantable material due to its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance; however, it has low bioactive properties. The formation of nanotubes and a hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol-collagen composite coating on Ti-6Al-4V metal aims to enhance its biocompatibility and bioactivity. The nanotube oxide layer Ti-6Al-4V was formed by the anodization method. The composite’s infrared spectrum showed characteristic absorption bands from Hydroxyapatite (HAp), polyvinyl alcohol, and collagen. The composite-coated Ti-6Al-4V metal, both non-nanotube, and nanotube, showed a typical diffraction pattern of HAp and titanium element. The electron microscope image showed the uniform granular form of HAp. The corrosion test results showed that composite-coated nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal could not improve corrosion resistance. It is also relevant to the in vitro test in a lactate ringer solution that showed the higher Ca2+ ion of nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal than that of non-nanotube Ti-6Al-4V metal.
Coupling design features of material surface treatment for ceramic products based on ResNet
Authors: Chen Zhengkai , Xu Ting , Yu Peng
Published: November 2024

Ceramic products is one of the important carriers of various civilizations, reflecting the lifestyle, aesthetic concepts, and technological level of society at that time. In order to study the surface treatment design features of ceramic craft products, this article analyzed the ceramic features through computer vision technology and used residual neural networks to detect the surface treatment features of ceramic craft products. The extracted texture features were classified to study and analyze the coupling features of different glazes, colors, and shapes on the formation of different textures. This study used ResNeXt50-SSD, which combined ResNeXt50 and SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector) algorithms, to compare feature detection with LeNet-5, VGG-16, and MobileNetV2 network models. From the experimental findings, it can be concluded that ResNeXt50-SSD was the most effective for feature recognition of ceramic craft products, with precision, recall, and mAP of 94.3, 92.1, and 89.5%, respectively. Therefore, the combination of ResNeXt50 and SSD algorithms is an effective method for detecting surface treatment features of ceramic craft products.
Properties of wood shear walls connected by wood nails
Authors: Xue Yingying , Gao Yuewen , Hu Mengjie , Gao Ying , Zhu Xudong
Published: November 2024

The performance of a wood wall connected by wood nails and twist nails was tested. It was found that during the monotonic load testing, the wood nails connected to the shear panel and stud at the column bottom broke when the deformation reached 12.1 mm. However, the primary failure mode was that the twist nails bent and the head cap became dented in the shear panel. For reciprocating loads, it was found that the wood nails experienced local fracture on the tensile side. The skeleton curve of the wood wall connected by twist nails showed a good trend of bearing capacity changes in both tension and compression sides. Based on the properties of the standard wood wall, a new T-shaped fastener was designed for the midply wood wall. The lateral performance of the reinforced standard wood shear wall and midply wood shear wall were tested. By adding T-shaped pull-up fasteners, sandwich wall structure and double row nails, the strength, stiffness, and ductility of the midply wood wall were substantially better than those of standard walls connected with twist nails using conventional pull-up fasteners.
Nematicidal efficacy of Cymbopogon nardus, Pelargonium graveolens essential oils and Annona squamosa extract against Meloidogyne incognita and M. graminicola
Authors: M. Ajith , Tripathi Kailashpati , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Kaushik Parshant , Rana Virendra Singh , Shakil Najam Akhtar , Pankaj  , Koli Pushpendra , Ren Yonglin
Published: November 2024

A crude hexane extract of seed kernel was processed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) using methanolic-sulfuric acid. Herbal mixtures (seed extracts of A. squamosa and essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (citronella) and Pelargonium graveolens (geranium)) were evaluated against root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp). The mortality of J2s of M. incognita in hexane and methanol extracts (AHE+AME) of A. squamosa with geranium oil (GO) ranged from 50.75-89.75% to 71.50-99.00% at 31.25 to 1000 μgmL-1 in 24 to 96 hours. The number of galls after CO+AHE+AME treatment was 4.0 ± 0.0 and 5.67 ± 0.58 galls/seedling and were recorded at 1000 and 500 μgmL-1 treatments on 30 days after inoculation, compared to carbofuran (3.0 ± 0.0 and 4.3 ± 0.6 galls/seedling) at 1000 and 500 μgmL-1 and velum prime (3.6 ± 0.6 and 4.6 ± 0.6 galls/seedling) at 1000 and 500 μgmL-1. The maximum shoot length of brinjal seedlings was recorded in CO+AHE+AME treatment compared to carbofuran (47.3 ± 0.6cm) and velum prime (48.7 ± 0.6 cm) at 1000 μg mL-1 in soil drenching application. Methanol and hexane extracts (AHE+AME) obtained from Annona squamosa seeds were investigated for their nematicidal properties. M. graminicola in direct-seeded rice at the nursery level and M. incognita in brinjal (eggplant) were controlled for up to sixty days when treated with these mixtures.
Formation of the state of Lithuania according to H. Lowmianski
Authors: Šabajevaitė Lidija
Published: November 2024

-
Some aspects concerning the State Emblem of feudal Lithuania
Authors: Pamerneckis Stasys
Published: November 2024

-
Vytautas as European dynast
Authors: Gudavičius Edvardas
Published: November 2024

-
Internal consolidation and "political nation" formation of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Authors: Trimonienė Rita
Published: November 2024

-
Was a woman considered to be a citizen of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 16th century?
Authors: Valikonytė Irena
Published: November 2024

-
Who ran the state archives of Lithuania in the 1944 - 1960 ' s?
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: November 2024

-
Historical science from the Western point of view
Authors: Gerulaitis Leonardas Vytautas
Published: November 2024

-
Works on Lithuanian history issued by emigrants (in English)
Authors: Jakubčionis Algirdas
Published: November 2024

-
The uprising in June, 1941 and Vilnius University
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: November 2024

-
International Congress of archaeologists
Authors: Merkevičius Algimantas , Šimėnas Valdemaras
Published: November 2024

-
lntegration of European Universities - the basis for scientific and cultural development
Authors: Ulčinaitė Eugenija
Published: November 2024

-
The 425th aniversary of the Lithuania's Statute
Authors: Lazutka Stanislovas
Published: November 2024

-
Gone forever (Regina Krutulytė 1925 05 26 - 1992 05 07)
Authors: Jakubčionis Algirdas
Published: November 2024

-
Povilas Bernatavičius (1932 01 22 - 1992 07 23)
Authors: Venskevičius Stasys
Published: November 2024

-
The Special Archive in Moscow
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: November 2024

The author provides in his review general information on the former top-secret Special State Archive of the USSR. Its existence wasn't known even to the majority of the employees who were working in the system of the state archives at that time. This archive kept materials related to institutions of special purpose, informal organizations, or persons with certain political attitudes from Germany and other European countries. The depository of the archives seized in Europe only became available to researchers from 1990. In the nearest future, any access to the holdings of this archive will not be made easier.
Information is provided on the volume of the archive and the composition of the holdings. Holdings of German origin prevail. It is stressed that the holdings of Polish origin are equally important for the researchers of Lithuanian history as the German ones. Now, that is, from 1992, this archive has been called the Russian Storage Centre of Historic-Documentary Collections.
The author extensively presents the Lithuanian materials kept in this archive. First of all, the documents of the second department (reconnaissance) of the Polish Army General Staff, which are important to Lithuanian history, are presented: the structure of this holding, its volumes, contents, and character. This is the main part of the review, comprising 3/4 of the text. Some attention is given to the prospects of using the German holdings.
Modern Volunteering as a Traditional Practice of Ukrainian Folk Culture
Authors: Sushko Valentyna
Published: November 2024

Modern realities have adjusted the terms and now volunteers are unarmed free-will persons performing humanitarian missions free of charge. Mutual assistance in traditional society was a condition for community survival. A sense of justice has demanded gratitude for a useful deed. Christianity has introduced charity absolutely without compensation. Ukrainian youth in the 17th–19th centuries has been united in youth church fraternities, the tasks of which were to clean the church after the service, change the robes on the images for the holidays and prepare the inner space of the church for the holidays, and put order in the cemeteries. The formation and support of the people’s army is another manifestation of the people’s initiative. And these ideas were so important that even Soviet times could not eradicate them. The events on the Maidan in Kyiv in 2013 have given impetus to a powerful movement of voluntary and principled fraternal support, for which it is inappropriate to offer any financial compensation. From the beginning of the full-scale invasion, Ukrainians who for some reason could not join the army, actively, without any formalities, have started to help each other in various needs: with food and medicine for the elderly and victims of Russian aggression, in the care of animals, in the analysis of rubble and much more. Over time, some of these needs were closed, and some grew into volunteer associations. Today, volunteering as a movement of assistance is extremely broad: professional assistance on a free basis to both the military and civilians, provided by professional specialists and persons whose hobby has turned into a profession; people who allocate all their time for such help, or only a limited time and under certain conditions. Donating is an important part of volunteering. The willingness and ability to self-organize, set goals and tasks and solve them successfully is a characteristic feature of the modern Ukrainian political nation. Communication with separate individuals and volunteer associations from Lviv, Zaporizhzhia, Lutsk and Kharkiv proves that all Ukrainians, from the beginning of the full-scale invasion, have felt an urgent need to help each other and their native army in the defense of our state.
Demineralized cancellous bone scaffolds as reinforcement for degradable magnesium biocomposite
Authors: Escalera Carmen H. , Roncagliolo-Barrera Paola , Azamar Manuel F. , Padilla-González Alejandro , González Gonzalo , Rodríguez-Gómez Francisco Javier , Piña-Barba Cristina , Figueroa Ignacio Alejandro
Published: November 2024

This study investigates demineralized bone matrix (DBM) combined with magnesium (Mg) to create degradable composite materials. Two types of DBM were utilized: carbon-coated (H.A.) and non-carbon-coated (HA-HT). An advanced liquid metal infiltration method prevented the structural collapse of the scaffold due to capillary forces. Both composites exhibited an interphase layer primarily composed of MgO, differing in thickness by 50%, attributed to the reaction between H.A. and Mg. The Mg/H.A. composite demonstrated a compressive yield strength 1.7 times higher than Mg/HA-HT, resembling Mg’s mechanical behavior but with a lower metal phase fraction than other composites. Compared to pure Mg, the composites generated less hydrogen (45–54 ml cm−2), reducing the corrosion rate (~ 0.1181 mm year−1) under simulated conditions (90 ml cm−2 and 4.2 mm year−1 for Mg). A localized phenomenon was identified mainly at the interphase of both composites but specifically in the Mg/H.A., where the scaffold structure was kept over extended exposure periods. These materials hold promise for temporary bone fixation applications.

Graphical abstract
Resveratrol plus carboxymethyl-β-glucan for children with respiratory diseases
Authors: Indolfi Cristiana , Dinardo Giulio , Klain Angela , Grella Carolina , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Decimo Fabio , Ciprandi Giorgio , Del Giudice Michele Miraglia
Published: November 2024

Respiratory infections in children, ranging from mild to severe, are a leading cause of school absences and medical visits, creating significant socio-economic burdens for families. Recent interest has focused on resveratrol, a natural polyphenol known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. When combined with carboxymethyl-β-glucan (CM-glucan), a modified polysaccharide with immunostimulatory effects, this formulation has shown potential benefits in managing respiratory diseases.
Our research examines five randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of resveratrol and CM-glucan nasal solutions in children. The trials included children with recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) and allergic rhinitis. The results demonstrate significant reductions in key respiratory symptoms, including nasal congestion, sneezing, coughing, and fever. In addition to symptomatic relief, the treatment was associated with fewer medical visits, decreased medication use, and reduced school absences. Importantly, the combination also showed efficacy in decreasing wheezing episodes in non-atopic children with RRIs and improving symptoms of allergic rhinitis. While these findings are promising, the studies are limited by small sample sizes and short-term follow-up periods, raising questions about the long-term efficacy and safety of the treatment. Mild and transient nasal irritation was the only reported side effect. Based on these concepts, the combination of resveratrol and carboxymethyl-β-glucan could be considered a valuable add-on strategy, complementing standard pharmacological treatments for pediatric respiratory infections and allergic conditions.
Packaging optimization model using cost-based behavioral perspective approach in food and beverage industry
Authors: Trisno Sutrisno , Gunarta I Ketut , Widodo Erwin
Published: November 2024

The high competition in the food and beverage industry in Indonesia, where packaging has a very important function, with the main function to protect the product, as well as being a factor in attracting consumers' interest in making purchases. Packaging production is dominated by several companies, which when categorized are divided into middle-up manufacturing and middle-low manufacturing. The research is necessary to create an optimal packaging design model by considering the culture and habits of consumer. Capturing customer behavior and costs has a control function. Ethnographic studies are used to explore packaging elements that are important to consumer and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for data processing.
The result provides a conceptual model as well as recommendations for food and beverage manufacturers in terms of the packaging used. Seven elements of packaging that deserve primary attention: design, image, typography, color, size, material and quality. Using habit and cost factors has the control variables, with maximum profit as the objective function. Recommendations for middle-up manufacturing are focused on four packaging elements: design, image, color and quality. It is recommended to maximize strategies for customer retention and improving customer loyalty. Middle-low manufacturing is focused on four packaging elements: color, size, material and quality. It is recommended to maximize strategies to encourage repeat business and boost productivity.
The features identified in this research are very possible to be implemented by food and beverage manufacturer, along with recommended strategies. For example, at the middle and low manufacturing level, it is very important to pay attention to product availability in several sizes
Developing a neural network model to predict the optimal minimum flow rate for effective hole cleaning
Authors: Delikesheva Dinara , Essembayev Erbol , Sharauova Aizada , Ismailova Jamilyam , Zaripov Nurlan
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is effective well cleaning during drilling. The subject of the study is the development of a machine learning model based on a neural network for predicting the optimal minimum drilling fluid flow rate. The challenge is the need to improve well cleaning efficiency to prevent stuck pipes and the associated downtime and costs.
During the study, a neural network model was developed and tested to predict the minimum flow rate for cleaning wells. The model was trained and tested on data showing its high accuracy and reliability. The mean square error (MSE) reached 0.019169 for LSTM and 0.0828 for GRU, indicating the accuracy of the predictions. Neural network architectures such as Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) were used to efficiently process time series of data and consider long-term dependencies.
The results are explained using advanced neural network architectures and machine learning algorithms, which made it possible to achieve good accuracy of predictions. These architectures enable efficient model training on large amounts of data, allowing complex dependencies and influencing factors to be considered.
Distinctive features of the results include good accuracy of predictions and the ability to use the model in real-world conditions. The model demonstrates good performance and reliability in predicting the minimum flow rate.
The results of the study can be used to optimize the processes of well drilling. Practical applications include using the model to predict the optimal minimum flow rate in various conditions, which will reduce the risks of stuck pipes and increase the efficiency of drilling operations. The model can be integrated into existing monitoring and control systems for drilling processes to improve their performance
Identifying the influence of pouring temperature, Al-RHA composition, and pattern thickness on the properties of Al-RHA composites produced by evaporative casting
Authors: Siswanto Rudi , Subagyo Rachmat , Tamjidillah Mastiadi , Mahmud Mahmud , Setiawan Muhammad Soleh Indra
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the effect of pouring temperature, Al-RHA composition and pattern thickness on fluidity length, surface roughness at Al-RHA composition (85:15, 80:20, 75:25) %, pouring temperature (650, 700, 750) °C, and pattern thickness (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10) mm. The challenge in this study is to optimize the fluidity length and hardness but minimize the surface roughness and porosity of the composite. The results showed that raising the pouring temperature increased the fluidity length, surface roughness, hardness, and porosity. Higher pouring temperature caused an increase in fluidity length by 13.51–54.17 % when the temperature raised from 650 °C to 750 °C. This was accompanied by an increase in hardness by 1.96–10.69 %. However, higher temperature also resulted in increased surface roughness by 3.9–7.92 % and increased porosity by 1.3–3 %. The composition ratio of Al-RHA plays an important role in determining the physical and mechanical properties of the composites. Increasing RHA content tends to increase the fluidity length but increases the surface roughness, hardness, and porosity. The higher RHA content increases the fluidity length by 2.44–11.9 % and the hardness also increases by 1.26–12.87 %. However, the higher RHA composition also increases the surface roughness by 1.2–30.95 % and the porosity increases by 2–2.7 %. The larger pattern thickness increases the fluidity length by 10.53–60.42 %. Controlling the RHA content and pouring temperature is very important to improve the physical-mechanical properties of Al-RHA composites. The results have potential applications in industries that require special composite materials such as automotive, aerospace, machinery and agricultural equipment
Identifying QOS impacts on the 4G LTE and 5G FWA integration using 2300 to 2400 MHz band reallocation for high-speed internet alternative to traditional fiber
Authors: Gunarta I Ketut , Nurdianto Nurdianto
Published: November 2024

Although 5G technology has been in development for a considerable time, significant challenges regarding its effective implementation still need to be addressed. A key issue lies in using frequency and ensuring coexistence with previous technologies that continue to serve existing users because users in many countries' late adoption of new technologies does not always progress smoothly. This research paper aims to evaluate 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) utilizing the 2300 to 2400 MHz spectrum that is usually used in 4G LTE previous technology, positioned as a viable alternative to traditional fiber optic networks, and its impact on technology valuation in spectrum usage to solve high-speed alternative traditional fiber in rural and urban areas. The study focuses on Quality of Service (QoS) related to user experience with a standard wireless access service parameter while analyzing payload growth and revenue generation improvements compared to LTE technologies. Through rigorous trials, our results demonstrate that 5G FWA not only preserves the QoS experienced but significantly enhances it as a feasibility analysis of network productivity by combining 4G and 5G technology in one service area. The implementation trial of 5G FWA resulted in notable increases of 50 % in more than 20 Mbps data throughput, contributing to 27 % substantial growth in payload and revenue in an area using only 4G LTE before 5G FWA was implemented. By providing detailed performance metrics, the trials highlighted the potential for 5G FWA to deliver broadband services more efficiently and cost-effectively, particularly in regions where geographical or economic factors constrain the expansion of fiber optics.
Development of oat malt production technology using plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions
Authors: Kovalova Olena , Vasylieva Natalia , Dikhtyar Aliona , Andrieieva Svitlana , Omelchenko Svitlana , Kotliar Oleh , Kariyk Andrii , Rudakov Serhii , Harbuz Serhii , Onyshchenko Liudmyla
Published: November 2024

The object of the study was oat malt production. The result of the presented study is the development of a technology for gluten-free oat malt production using cold plasma-treated technological solutions. The material for the study was oat grain. The main technological task is to obtain high-quality oat malt, which, in turn, will be suitable for producing gluten-free beverages and highly nutritious foods. The expediency of using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions as an activator of the oat malting process and an effective disinfectant of the technological process and the finished product (oat malt) was experimentally proved. It was confirmed that using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions can accelerate the oat germination process: the germination energy increased by 6–14 %; germination capacity by 2–10 %. The moisture content of oats when moistened increases by 6–37 %. Analysis of the amylolytic enzymatic activity showed a dynamic increase of 17.6 %. The result was the breakdown of carbohydrates. Thus, the amount of starch decreased by 2.4 %, fiber did not undergo significant changes, and the content of simple sugars increased by 2.3 %. The proteolytic activity of oat malt increased by 18.1 %. An increase in the amount of amino acids in the experimental samples was noted. The total amount of amino acids is 793 mg/100 g of product higher than in the control (i.e. by 3 %). There was also an increase in the content of vitamins B (B1, B2), as well as vitamin C, the content of which increased by 5.6 %. Disinfecting properties of cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions in relation to oat malt were noted.
The innovative technology of oat malt production can be implemented in the industrial production of gluten-free malts for the brewing industry and for producing gluten-free foods.
Development of marketing research technologies as the basis of a socially responsible marketing strategy
Authors: Vasylyshyna Liubov , Yahelska Kateryna , Aldankova Halyna , Liashuk Kateryna
Published: November 2024

The object of this study was the trends in the development of marketing research technologies as a basis for the strategy of socially responsible marketing. The study is aimed at solving the problem of increasing the effectiveness of the marketing strategy under the influence of digital marketing research technologies. It has been proven that under the conditions of increased competition and transformation of consumer needs, the strategy of socially responsible marketing acquires great relevance. It has been established that the use of digital marketing research technologies significantly increases the effectiveness of the strategy of socially responsible marketing, ensuring a high degree of transparency and openness of its directions. The main stages of the development of marketing research technologies have been detailed – market research, consumer behavior research, the beginning of digitization, and the digital revolution. Digital technologies, on the basis of which marketing research will be conducted in the future, have been identified – Big Data, blockchain, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, augmented and virtual reality. The relationship between digital technologies of marketing research and directions of socially responsible marketing strategy was substantiated. It has been established that the effectiveness of the socially responsible marketing strategy should be determined on the basis of key performance indicators (KPI) based on the elements of the 4P complex. Schemes for researching the effectiveness of areas of social responsibility for individual elements of the marketing complex based on digital technologies are proposed. On this basis, a model of the influence of digital technologies on the KPI strategy of socially responsible marketing was developed and its advantages were substantiated. The practical use of the proposed approach could provide an opportunity to choose a specific marketing research technology depending on the target orientations of social responsibility of marketing. This would provide maximum information content and support for the strategy development and implementation process.
Identifying features of the level of digitalization of banking services in different countries
Authors: Sultanova Menslu , Sultanov Akylbek , Zhangaliyeva Yelnaz , Zhanibekova Gaukhar , Ordabayeva Mainur , Zamanbekova Altynshash , Ibadildin Nurkhat , Primbetova Saule
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is digitalization of banking services. The problem of assessing the level of digitalization of banking services in different countries is solved. The results obtained are:
– classification of countries by the level of digitalization of banking services: high level (China, England), medium level (USA, Sweden, Germany, Japan, Ukraine, Kazakhstan) and low level (Spain, Italy, India, Brazil);
– a reliable (R2=0.78) positive dependence of the level of digitalization of banking services on the ratio of non-cash payments to GDP and on the rating of favorable conditions for doing business was revealed;
– additional competitive factors were added to the model: the positive dependence of the level of digitalization of banking services on the ratio of non-cash payments to GDP (t=3.338) and on the rating of favorable conditions for doing business (t=3.250) was confirmed.
The obtained results are explained by the assumption of linear dependence of the level of digitalization of banking services, the volume of non-cash payments and Doing business rating and the construction of an econometric regression model of the dependence of the level of digitalization of banking services of a particular country on the factors affecting the development of digital technologies in the banking sector. The peculiarities of the results obtained consist in the development of a score assessment of the level of digitalization of banking services using three criteria derived from international statistics and its testing on 12 countries of different economic levels of development.
The practical significance of this study is the possibility of applying the findings to increase the level of digitalization of banking services in the amount and conditions appropriate to the national economy.
Development of Fe-Cr-C alloys with high Mn content for bone implant
Authors: Kartikasari Ratna , Kadiman Sugiarto , Muhfidin Rivan , Aziz Ihwanul , Triyono Triyono
Published: November 2024

The object of this study is to combine the properties of Mn and the advantages of Fe-Cr-C to improve biomaterial compatible characteristics. Three alloys of Fe-Cr-C with compositions of 12 wt. % Mn, 16 wt. % Mn, and 20 wt. % Mn, were investigated. Microstructural analysis was carried out using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a Vickers hardness test kit was used to evaluate the hardness. The pin-on-disc method was used for the dry slide wear test, and the corrosion test was carried out using the three-electrode cell polarization method. The hardness value of Fe-Cr-C alloy increased by 28.7 % with the increase of Mn content from 12 wt. % (231.8 VHN) to 20 wt. % (298.4 VHN). The tensile strength value increased by 30.3 % with an increase in Mn content from 12 wt. % (522.69 MPa) to 20 wt. % (680.89 MPa), while the strain value decreased by 30.9 %. However, impact toughness did somewhat decline, from 0.213 J/mm2 at 12 wt. % Mn to 0.169 J/mm2 at 20 wt. % Mn. The wear rate results for Fe-Cr-C 20 wt. % Mn 0.000156 mm3/kg. show a reduction of more than 15 wt. % when compared to Fe-Cr-C 12 wt. % Mn because of an increase in the hard-intermetallic area. Additionally, corrosion resistance improved significantly, with the corrosion rate decreasing from 0.005814 mm/yr at 12 wt. % Mn to 0.001780 mm/yr at 20 wt. % Mn, demonstrating that higher Mn content reduces material degradation in corrosive environments. Based on the experimental results, Fe-Cr-C 20 wt % Mn alloy has the highest mechanical and corrosion resistance of the three types of alloys. Fe-Cr-C with high Mn alloys are promising candidates for application as biomaterials for bone implants by optimizing the Mn content and corrosion resistance
Development of a methodology for assessing the efficiency of an agribusiness enterprise in using digital technologies
Authors: Akhmetzhanova Nazym , Tapalova Assel , Gabbassova Zhumakyz , Shadiyeva Aigul , Akhmetova Gulistan , Onlassynov Yerlan , Saparbaev Marat , Yerzhanova Zhanar
Published: November 2024

The object of the study is the activity of an agribusiness enterprise in using digital technologies. The problem of the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of using digital technologies by an agribusiness enterprise is solved. The following results were obtained:
– the author's methodology for assessing the effectiveness using of digital technologies by an enterprise of AIC based on expert evaluation and a system of indicators was developed. The assessment results are interpreted in accordance with the matrix of intersection of the digitalization index and the effect of digital technologies from Outsider (0–0.25; <1) to Leader (0.95–1; ≥1);
– the obtained concordance coefficient (76 %, χ2=41.9) indicates high consistency of the expert group, consistency and qualitative assessment in the process of testing the methodology;
– testing of the proposed methodology in Atameken-Agro JSC was successful and showed the validity and convenience of this methodology. The agro-enterprise became the leader in 2023 with the indicators of digitalization level – 0.83 and the effect of using digital technologies – 12.5.
The above results are explained by assuming the possibility of using the expert judgment method to evaluate the efficiency of using digital technologies by an enterprise and applying a decision matrix based on two indices.
A particular feature of the results obtained is the development of a methodology for assessing the level of digitalization in three main areas and its application in combination with the assessment of the economic effect of digital technologies. 
The proposed methodology can be used not only by enterprises wishing to evaluate the effectiveness of digital technologies but also by stakeholders.