bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat Stroke in Emergency Department: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Fahad Bahaidarah  , Isa Mohamed Sharif  , Osama Fahad Alamri  , Bandar Abdulrahman A Alomar  , Sohaib A. M. Ashour  , Qusai Majed Saleh Alsulaiman  , Ahmad Dhafer Alahmary  , Bakheet Mohammed Almalki  , Salem Ali Al Marri  , Rehab Saud Alahmadi  , Fouad Ayidh Alshubayshiri  , Maram Hamad Saad Albaqami  , Abutaleb, Atheer Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Background: Heat stroke is a severe health concern with the potential for multi-organ failure, necessitating rapid and effective management. With rising global temperatures, there is increasing concern regarding the vulnerability of populations in high-heat areas, notably in Saudi Arabia, especially during the annual Hajj pilgrimage. Objective: This paper aims to review the epidemiology, evaluation and management techniques of heat stroke, emphasizing the situation during Hajj pilgrimages in Saudi Arabia, and to outline the best practices for emergency management. Methodology: A comprehensive review of literature and studies related to heat stroke, both globally and specific to Saudi Arabia, was undertaken. An in-depth analysis of emergency management, including initial assessment, cooling methods, organ support, medication, and prevention strategies, was conducted. Results: Heat stroke remains a significant cause of emergency department visits, with specific groups, such as men and the elderly, being more susceptible. During the Hajj in 2016, 267 patients were diagnosed with heat-related illnesses, with heatstroke accounting for 29% of these cases. With the threat of global warming, studies indicate a potential tenfold increase in heat stroke risk with a 2°C rise in temperatures. Swift and comprehensive cooling is pivotal for recovery. Management emphasizes rapid recognition, assessment, and varied cooling methods, along with targeted treatments for organ dysfunctions. Prevention strategies play a vital role, given the higher efficacy and practicality over treating organ dysfunctions. Conclusion: Heat stroke is a pressing health challenge, particularly in high-risk environments like Saudi Arabia during the Hajj pilgrimage. While effective emergency management protocols exist, an emphasis on prevention is crucial. It is imperative to incorporate a comprehensive approach to address both the immediate threat and long-term risks of heat stroke, especially with the looming challenge of global warming.
Development of methodology for designing antenna systems for rapidly deployable complexes in the decameter waves range
Authors: Buzova M.A. , Krasilnikov A.D. , Pestovsky K.I.
Published: November 2023

The work is devoted to the development and design of antennas of various types for rapidly deployable complexes in the decameter waves range. Traditional approaches no longer fully meet modern requirements. Therefore, at present there is an urgent problem of developing technical solutions and methods for designing such antenna systems. Target. Development of a methodology for designing antenna systems for rapidly deployable complexes in the decameter waves range. The developed design technique can be directly used by developers of antennas and antenna systems for rapidly deployable radio communication complexes.
Implementation on SDR platform of algorithms for noncoherent reception of optimal signals built on the basis of eigenfunctions
Authors: Lavrenyuk I.I. , Makarov S.B. , Zavjalov S.V.
Published: November 2023

Formulation of the problem. When transmitting data at speeds above the Nyquist barrier, the algorithmic and computational complexity of radio modems increases significantly, especially with incoherent signal reception. Non-coherent reception algorithms can be implemented on a software-defined radio platform, on which optimal signals are formed and received. The ability to programmatically change the radio frequency parameters of signals without making structural changes to the transmit-receive path can significantly reduce the computing resources of radio modems. The goal is to determine the possibility of practical implementation on the SDR platform (Software Defined Radio) of noncoherent processing algorithms with decision feedback with the choice of optimal values of the observation interval for symbol rates R>1/T using optimal signals built on the basis of eigenfunctions. Results. The possibility of using differential modulation of optimal signals, the forms of which are obtained as a result of solving an optimization problem in accordance with the criterion of the maximum decay rate of the spectrum level outside the occupied frequency band, is shown for packet data transmission protocols and the use of an incoherent processing algorithm in channels with additive Gaussian noise. It is shown that when using algorithms of incoherent element-by-element processing with optimization of the observation interval, it is possible to ensure stable reception of binary optimal signals up to transmission rates exceeding the Nyquist barrier by 1.66 times and for an error probability of 10–3, the energy loss is about 18 dB relative to potential noise immunity. The digital modem of optimal spectrally efficient signals, built on the basis of the SDR platform, makes it possible to conduct spectral and energy efficiency studies in real time in the presence of additive channel noise, and the influence of clock synchronization inaccuracies during packet messaging leads to energy losses of no more than 1 dB. Practical significance. The use of differential modulation of optimal signals can be used in digital television and radio broadcasting systems in the European digital television standards DVB-S2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite Second Generation), DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial Second Generation).
Soil erosion due to rainfall and the impacts of climate change in an Andean highland in Colombia
Authors: Lamprea-Quiroga Pedro Simón , Jaramillo-Rodríguez Omar , Mejía-Ayala Wladimir
Published: November 2023

Trends and median slope of daily rainfall that can affect rainfall aggressiveness and cause erosion in the Bogotá - Duitama corridor were studied. For this, the daily records of 26 stations (35 years, from 1980 to 2014) were evaluated, using the Sen's statistic and the Mann-Kendall test with confidence levels higher than 90%. The studied area covered about 8,100 km2, located between 2,100 and 3,300 m a.s.l. in the Colombian Andes. Four stations with positive trends in median annual rainfall were found (from 6.90 mm/year to 28.80 mm/year) and one station with a decrease in median rainfall of -6.86 mm/year. In order to analyze the pluvial aggressiveness as the main agent of soil erosion, the Modified Fournier Indices (MFI) were generated for periods of 10 days. With the maximum decadal Modified Fournier Indices (MFIdmax) of each year, it was possible to establish the median positive trend (Sen) of rainfall aggressiveness in five stations and three stations with negative trends. Through the correlation between the degree of erosion with the square of the decadal average maximum values of each year (MFIdmax2) and the negative annual precipitation, a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.50 was found. The validation of MFIdmax2 to explain the degree of soil erosion is a new useful methodology for land use planning and monitoring. In this way, developing countries have the possibility of using a tool to face the processes of pluvial erosion, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change.
Soil erosion triggered by the archeological excavation and conservation of trenches. The case of “Cerro de las Trincheras” in Bailén (Jaén, Spain)
Authors: Rodrigo Comino Jesús , Padilla Fernández Juan Jesús , Cerdà Artemi
Published: November 2023

Gully erosion is a landform developed due to accelerated soil erosion rates. Gullies can be identified by human impacts on geomorphological processes, as well as hydrological and erosional systems. In Spain, the trenches or "trincheras" from the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) are considered of archaeological interest for several reasons. At Cerro de las Trincheras in Bailén (Jaén, Spain), a trench was built during the Spanish Civil War. In 2020, an archaeological excavation took place to restore the ruins, triggering the development of gullies and rills and a decrease in vegetation quality. We present a first approximation of the variations in vegetation cover and the decrease in quality (using NDVI, the normalized difference vegetation index) due to the trench acting as a gully (1956, 2005-2020) and the increase in rills and gullies after the excavation. We strongly advocate for future archaeological excavations to include a protocol (soil mapping, vegetation survey, and hydrological connectivity index) to reduce soil degradation and prevent damage to vegetation and associated ecosystems, thereby curbing the increase in soil erosion rates.
Carlos Marichal (2021). El nacimiento de la banca en América Latina: finanzas y política en el siglo XIX. El Colegio de México.
Authors: Llorca-Jana Manuel
Published: November 2023

Sin resumen
El reto de escalar programas de tutorías
Authors: Aguerrondo Inés , Cortelezzi María
Published: November 2023

Este documento realiza un analisis de antecedentes y revisa experiencias de programas para presentar buenas practicas y referencias relevantes a ser consideradas por otras organizaciones y actores que, en diferentes espacios de la region, esten llevando adelante esfuerzos por acercar tutorias a ninas, ninos y adolescentes para que puedan acceder a oportunidades de aprendizaje y desarrollo. El estudio tiene como principal hallazgo la importancia de incorporar la perspectiva de escala a los programas desde sus cimientos, delineando y fortaleciendo procesos clave para la implementación de las tutorías y que, a su vez, habiliten, procesos de escalamiento. Fruto del análisis realizado se destacan algunas estrategias para hacer viable el escalamiento como: crear un vínculo entre el diseno y la ejecucion, generar incentivos en pos de la continuidad de participacion de los tutores, fomentara el trabajo colaborativo con los equipos docentes, la construccion participativa de una estrategia publica a largo plazo, incluir sistemas de informacion para el seguimiento y comunicacion entre los actores, entre otras.
The clash of the “World” and the “West” as a new reality
Authors: Spiridonova Valeria
Published: November 2023

The article considers the historical consequences of the theses formulated by A. Toynbee in 1953 in his book "The World and the West", in which he expressed deep concern about the future of Western civilisation. According to Toynbee, the reverse effect of the unification of the world was the transformation of Western civilisation into a local civilisation along with others, while the new global world strives for a real balance of cultures and civilisations. The article points out that the main argument of the new state of the world is the "argument of numbers", as the majority of humanity is in the non-Western regions of the world, therefore its unifying centre is moving to the Eurasian space, represented by China and Russia, among others. The article also revises the colonial paradigm of opposing "civilisation" to "barbarism" and the practice of "civilisation mission", which in modern theory has been replaced by the concept of "civilisation standard". Based on Toynbee's concept, the ways out of the current situation in the conditions of "Revolt against the West 2.0" are analysed.
Impact of Various Processes (Samskara) in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics
Authors: Rathi Bharat , Rathi Renu , Khan Mujahid , Khabade Swapnali
Published: November 2023

In Ayurveda pharmaceutics, herbal drugs, minerals, metals, and gems are used as raw materials. Most of the minerals and metals are obtained from the mines and hence there is every chance of impurities and heterogeneous qualities due to the mixing of various substances and impurities. Hence these minerals and metals have to undergo various samskaras (processes) before being converted into medicines from raw states and then subsequent use for internal administration. Due to these processes, the natural qualities of the drugs get modified and converted into new therapeutic properties. The present study is planned to identify some important processes of Rasashastra (Indian alchemy) and their impact on the physical, chemical and therapeutic properties of the final product. Conversion of a raw drug into medicinal form has a mammoth impact such as palatability, increased shelf life, feasibility during travelling, maintaining accurate dosing and ease of administration. Shodhana (detoxification) brings out physical, chemical and biological changes in the drug. Wet trituration modifies the analytical parameters of the drug which in turn facilitates the absorption process. Due to maranaa (incineration), toxic effects are nullified and drugs become therapeutically more effective. Thus, various processes described in Rasashastra show multidimensional pharmaceutical and therapeutical implications in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics.
Effect of Trivrit Virechana, Yashtyadi Pratisarana and Panchaksheeri Vriksha Kashaya Gandoosha in Periodontitis — A Case Series
Authors: Gangadharan Nayana , Sivabalaji K. , Ashwini B. N.
Published: November 2023

Periodontitis is a localized inflammation of the teeth most commonly caused by a bacterial infection in the periodontal cavity. The disease is common in adults over the age of 30. The bacteria involved in periodontal disease are mainly Gram-negative anaerobes. According to Ayurveda, the specific symptoms of upakusha have similarities with periodontitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of virechana, pratisarana and gandusha in improving symptoms, gingival bleeding index, plaque index, and restoring normal salivary microbial profiles in patients with periodontitis. A group of 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Each case was observed for prevalence by age, pain, gingival bleeding, halitosis, plaque index, gingival bleeding index. In the results, it was found that Trivrit virechana, Yashtyadi choorna prathisarana and Panchaksheerivriksha kashya gandusha showed significant reduction in pain, bleeding gums, halitosis, plaque index, bleeding gums and normalization of saliva pH and recovered the bacterial profile in saliva with an improvement of 100%, 100%, 98%, 100% and 100% respectively and was statistically significant with p<0.0001. So, Trivrit virechana purifies the koshta in turn keeps the oral cavity healthy and strengthen the periodontium. Yashtyadi choorna havs anti-inflammatory, antibacterial property inhibits the growth of periodontopathogen and Panchaksheerivriksha kashaya helps to normalize the pH of saliva and reduce the microbial load. Hence, Ayurveda management can be considered as a better alternative in the management of periodontitis.
Use of Orchids in Ayurveda: Is Substitution Scientific and Appropriate?
Authors: Mukherjee Sourav , Nangare Ninad , Jagtap Suresh
Published: November 2023

The concept of substitution, as Pratinidhidravya, is profound in the Indian traditional medicinal system, the Ayurveda. This science of life mode of holistic medication has been practiced for ages. With the dilution of knowledge in the post-Vedic era and with the discrepancies in documentation processes of several medicinal drugs, there exist tremendous needs to validate the scientific study of substitutes that are mentioned in various standard Ayurvedic references. In addition to government efforts to standardize the drug, it certainly falls into the responsibility and jurisdiction of every herbal scientist and Ayurvedic practitioner to collaborate and rejuvenate this marvelous medicinal goldmine. Often, orchids are very much praised for their medicinal value in Ayurveda, and several genera are used in various forms regularly. However, due to mainly over-exploitation, often the original drug is substituted by some either related or unrelated drugs. This review aims to elaborate and, in turn, understand the need, authenticity, and scientific appropriateness of certain herbs which are used to substitute Orchids in Ayurveda. A global and standardized approach is needed to understand the need and process of substituting a particular drug in both monoherbal and polyherbal formulations, in order to develop a potent medication for certain diseases.
In Vitro Studies on Antioxidant Potential of Apple (Malus domestica) Fructus Extract Nanoparticle
Authors: Utami Sri , Damayanti Ndaru Andri , Rahmah Nunung Ainur , Nafik Said , Arrahmani Betharie Cendera , Muthmainnah Anis Syabani , Widya Kusuma Hanna Sari , Widowati Wahyu
Published: November 2023

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants in the body. Antioxidants are needed to prevent oxidative stress. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which are high in antioxidants, should help avoid oxidative stress. One source of antioxidants is apples (Malus domestica) from the Rosaceae family because they have some bioactive compounds such as catechin, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and phloridzin. Recently, many studies have used nanotechnology to formulate plant extracts. Due to their size and distinctive physicochemical properties, nanoparticles in plant extracts have various benefits. Analyzing apple extract nanoparticles’ antioxidant capacity was the goal of this work. The synthesized nanoparticles of apples were made by using chitosan, glacial acetic acid, propylene glycol, ethanol, DMSO, and Na-TPP. A dynamic light scattering particle size analyser was used to measure the zeta potential and particle size. Antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activities, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay using colorimetric methods. At a concentration of 100 g/ml, the most DPPH was scavenged (80.35%). Apple extract nanoparticles have strong DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 = 12.16 ± 2.98 µg/ml and H2O2 scavenging activity with IC50 = 81.96 ± 7.23 µg/ml. The highest H2O2 scavenging activity was at 200 µg/ml concentration (84.47%) and the highest FRAP activity was at a concentration of 50 µg/ml (444.29%). The concentration is directly proportional to the antioxidant activity of apple extract nanoparticles. Based on this study, apple extract nanoparticle has strong antioxidant activity.
Extraction and Isolation of Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase (TAL) and Diosgenin from Persea americana as Potent Inhibitors of Melanin Synthesis Involving In Vivo Study on Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: S. Umme Umaima  , Singh Kavitha G. , V. Veeraraghavan
Published: November 2023

Tyrosine ammonia lyase is an enzyme in the natural phenol biosynthesis pathway. L-tyrosine is deaminated to p-Coumaric acid with the help of the enzyme tyrosine ammonia lyase. Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase (TAL) is extracted from the leaves of Persea americana. Diosgenin involved in the inhibition of intracellular tyrosinase is extracted along with the enzyme Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase from leaves of Persea americana, significantly increasing the activity of Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase. Diosgenin in the current study on analysis is highly increasing the activity of enzymes. The ability of the enzyme along with diosgenin to increase the activity of the enzyme is analysed in the current study. The enzyme along with diosgenin is used for depigmentation of skin. The methodology of protein separation on treatment with acetone was utilized for the extraction of the enzyme. p-Coumaric acid formation detected using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 380nm confirmed the presence of the enzyme. Defatting followed by microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction methodology were used for the extraction of diosgenin from leaves of Persea americana. The role of diosgenin in increasing the activity of the enzyme was carried out by analysing the enzyme activity at 410nm. The enzyme-activating ability of diosgenin was compared with that of magnesium sulphate-purified Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase enzyme and sodium sulphate-purified Tyrosine Ammonia Lyase enzyme. Zebrafish embryos were used as model organisms for the conduction of in vivo studies. kojic acid was used as a control in the in vivo studies to compare the effect of the enzyme extracted along with the diosgenin with that of kojic acid.
Management of Melasma through Ayurveda – A Case Report
Authors: Kumari Dolly , Chaudhari Vaishali , Nakade Mamata , Gaikwad Pranesh , Pawar Snehalata
Published: November 2023

Melasma is a pigmentary disorder hyperpigmentation primarily occurring on the cheeks, forehead, and bridge on the nose, upper lip, and occasionally elsewhere on the face. It is painless, superficial brownish macular patches. Modern science recommends laser therapy and various types of steroid use for treating melasma. Laser therapy is very expensive, and steroids have many side effects. So, in this study management of melasma has been done through Ayurveda, which is cost-effective, and easily available with the least side effects. From the signs and symptoms, melasma looks identical to Vyanga as per Ayurvedic texts that come under Kshudraroga (minor disease). In Ayurveda, external therapy Lepa (local application), is prescribed as one of the therapeutic measures for effectively managing melasma. A 32-year-old female patient was diagnosed clinically with melasma. She got treatment from a dermatologist and applied an allopathic care cream over the brownish patches. After regular application of the cream, a brownish patch does not decrease. She has no history of sunray exposure and has no family history. So, she went to Ayurvedic treatment. She was treated with Ayurvedic Lepa for local application and Panchanimbadi Churna internally for 21 days. The content of Ayurvedic Lepa was Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Churna (powder), and Dugdha (milk). In ancient science, Nutmeg is known by the name of Jatiphala. Nutmeg is a very useful drug utilized therapeutically, and spice and Panchanimbadi are useful in all types of Raktavikara (blood disorders). The result was assessed with subjective and objective parameters, i.e., colour score and MASI score. After 21 days of treatment, significant changes were observed without any side effects. The colour score decreases from 3 to 1, and the MASI score from 15.2 to 10.1.
Comparative Physicochemical Evaluation and Acute Toxicity Study of Crude and Processed (Detoxified) Samples of Saqmunia (Convolvulus scammonia L.) in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Ansari Huzaifa , Ansari Athar Parvez , Goswami Pankaj , Qayoom Ifra , Hasib Abdul , Reshi Bazilah Majeed , Akbar Seema
Published: November 2023

Background and Objectives: Tadbīr va Islāh-i-Adwiya (detoxification/rectification of drugs) is a distinctive concept of Unani medicine in which drugs that are toxic by nature are detoxified before being administered to the human body. In Unani medicine, the resin called Saqmunia which is a derivative of the rhizome of Convolvulus scammonia, is used for therapeutic purposes. So far, limited research studies have been carried out to appraise the age-old concept of detoxification of Unani drugs. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the physicochemical characteristics and acute toxicity of crude and detoxified samples of Saqmunia in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Saqmunia was detoxified through the tashwiya (roasting) method using apple and cow dung cakes. The physicochemical standardization includes moisture content, different ash values, extractive values; pH, fluorescence analysis, and TLC were performed. The acute toxicity study of both samples of Saqmunia was carried out at 300 and 2000 mg/kg dose levels in female albino Wistar rats. The data were analyzed using Oneway ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s comparison test. Results: The findings of the physicochemical standardization of crude and detoxified Saqmunia were found to be within an accepted range. The acute toxicity study has shown that the non-detoxified form of the test drug produced maximum toxicities, even causing death in rats. The LD50 of crude and detoxified Saqmunia was found to be 1000 mg and > 2000 mg/kg, respectively, in rats. Conclusions: The present study has suggested that Saqmunia used in this study was of good quality, and the physicochemical constants found in this study may be taken as a reference for future studies. Moreover, the acute toxicity study validates the Unani concept of detoxification of drugs, as is evident from the minimal toxic effects found in the detoxified sample of Saqmunia as compared to the crude sample in rats.
An Overview of the Benefits of Indian Spices for High Blood Pressure
Authors: Patel Kinjal P. , Trivedi Rahul , Maheshwari Rajesh A.
Published: November 2023

The utilization of herbs, spices, and other plant components has a rich historical background in Indian medicine. In ancient and medieval economies, spices were among the most demanded resources. Although herbalists and alternative medicine practitioners have relied on plants for health and healing for decades, it is only in the last few decades that scientists have begun to investigate the medicinal properties of ordinary herbs and spices. Spices’ anti-hypertensive, anti-hypercholesterolemia, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory characteristics are of utmost relevance in the modern world because of the prevalence of illnesses like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and cancer. Throughout the Middle Ages, people employed herbs and spices for cooking, food preservation, and even medicine. In developing nations like India, where poverty and malnutrition are widespread, a better understanding of plant-derived compounds and spices’ antioxidants and therapeutic effects could lower healthcare expenses. It has been postulated that food significantly impacts the onset of various human diseases, including cardiovascular disease. This manuscript looks at the research on how certain spices, such as garlic, ginger, cardamom, and cinnamon, can affect health problems like hypertension.
Siddha Varmam Therapy in the Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Grade II - A Case Report
Authors: Kalaiarasi C. , Keerthika R. , Periyasami D. , Muthukumar N. J.
Published: November 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament rupture is one of the most common musculo-skeletal injuries in active individuals, especially athletes. Varmam treatment, as part of the Siddha, primarily treats traumatic injuries. A 25-year-old female patient came to Varma Maruthuvam OPD, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, with complaints of severe right knee joint pain, swelling, walking difficulty, instability while walking, and difficulty in flexion and extension of the right knee joint for 10 days. Initially, she consulted an allopathic hospital, and after her MRI was done, she was diagnosed with an anterior cruciate ligament tear grade II and advised for surgery. The patient refused to go for surgery and came to our OPD for further management. She was treated with Siddha Varmam therapy and external medicine, Murivu ennai, for 50 days and followed up for four months. The ligament tear healed without any surgical treatment, and the patient returned to her regular work, which was assessed by a visual analogue scale. This case report summarizes the conservative management of an anterior cruciate ligament tear grade II by Siddha Varmam therapy.
Evaluation of Diuretic Activity of Siddha Poly Herbal Formulation Vithu Vagai Chooranam in Rodents
Authors: Ganesh I. Sundara , Parvathy R. S. , Jayachandran Divya , Hrudayakumari P. , Shalini V.
Published: November 2023

The current pharmacological investigation was performed to study the diuretic activity of Siddha polyherbal formulation Vithu Vagai Chooranam (VVC) in Wistar albino rats using the Lipschitz method. The animals were divided into four Groups (I, II, III, and IV) of six rats (n = 6) each. Group I served as control treated with milk (1ml/kg p.o), and Group II received Standard furosemide (10 mg/kg, p.o). Groups III and Group IV were treated with test drug at a dose of 70mg/kg and 90mg/kg, p.o, respectively. The urine volume, pH, and electrolyte concentration (Na+, K+ and Cl-) were estimated at the end of 24 hours. Diuretic index, Lipschitz values, and natriuretic index were also calculated from the results to make a comparison with control and furosemide-treated groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using a one-way analysis of variance, followed by Dunnett’s ‘t’ test. Oral administration of VVC at both doses significantly increased the urine output and concentration of urinary electrolytes (p < 0.01). The VVC-induced diuresis pattern was almost like that of frusemide. The findings revealed that the Vithu vagai chooranam possessed significant diuretic activity in experimental rats.
Plants Used in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Besh Sweta B. , Mahant Maitri , Kanojiya Divya , Patil Sapana , Maheshwari Rajesh A.
Published: November 2023

Chronic, persistent and incapacitating autoimmune ailments known as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) are marked by cartilage and bone damage surrounding the joints as well as systemic inflammation of the joints. The fact that 75% of RA patients are female points to the significance of hormones in the etiology of the condition. Synovial membrane inflammation involves mechanisms in the form of genetic, environmental, including immunologic variables that are believed to have a role in its pathogenic mechanism. When it comes to treating RA, the focus has shifted from relieving symptoms to implementing therapeutic regimens that affect the disease’s activity and eventually have been found to halt or stop structural joint destruction. Salicylates, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), Methotrexate (MTX), as well as biologic response enhancers, are some examples of drugs. However, it has negative effects which need to be overcome. It is required to employ herbs and a variety of plants to treat joint pain and inflammation. There are numerous plants with medicinal properties that have been clinically demonstrated to have anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects. As a result, plants and their derivatives with significant benefits are being used for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. The current assessment focuses on medicinal plants that have anti-rheumatoid arthritis efficacy.
Herbal Remedies for Osteoporosis
Authors: Mahant Maitri , Besh Sweta B. , Kanojiya Divya , Sajan Cyril , Rajput Hemrajsingh , Maheshwari Rajesh A.
Published: November 2023

Osteoporosis is a widespread concern that poses significant health risks. In the past, it was commonly thought that women would naturally undergo this condition as they age, especially during menopause when hormonal imbalances heighten the risk. Osteoporotic fractures affect approximately one in three women and one in five men over the age of 50 during their lifetimes. The mature skeleton constantly undergoes a remodelling process that involves both bone formation and resorption. However, when bone resorption exceeds bone growth, osteoporosis develops. Both men and women need to prioritize their bone health throughout their lives. Addressing factors that impact bone health at every stage becomes crucial in preventing osteoporosis. To combat the rising incidence of osteoporotic fractures, it is crucial to implement effective preventive measures aimed at maximizing peak bone density, limiting accelerated bone loss, and reducing the risk of falls. Present therapy goals primarily focus on stopping further bone loss and fractures, preserving bone mass, and utilizing medications like bisphosphonates, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs), anabolic steroids, strontium, and Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT). However, it’s worth noting that some of these treatments, such as HRT, bisphosphonates, SERMs, and anabolic steroids, may have negative side effects. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify effective, affordable, natural, and less harmful compounds to manage osteopenia/osteoporosis effectively. The search for safer alternatives is crucial in combating this condition and promoting better bone health.
Sonneratia apetala: Its Ecology, Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities Including its Nano-formulations
Authors: Bose Sankhadip , Mazumder Sujayita , Ghosh Somsubhra , Banerjee Sabyasachi , Roy Swarnali , Singh Nardev
Published: November 2023

Plants have been the primary source of medications and are essential to maintaining human health. Despite significant advancements in the field of synthetic medications and antibiotics, plants continue to be essential in both traditional and modern medicine all over the world. It significantly increases soil fertility and has a variety of characteristics that make it an ideal founder restoration species. There has not been any evidence of an Sonneratia apetala natural invasion in the northern mangrove region yet. This tree is an evergreen species that is known for its rapid growth and natural occurrence. The main phyto-constituents present in Sonneratia apetala are betulinic acid, lupeone, lupeol, stigmast-5-ene 3beta, β-amyrin hexadecaneate, 5β-cholestane-3α,7α-diol, and physcoion. Some chemical constituents present in Sonneratia apetala are gibberellin, quercetin, caffeic acid, (-) catechin, and epicatechin. The fruits and bark have antioxidant, antidiabetic activity, antibacterial, hepatoprotective effect and astringent activity, anticancer activity, hypouricemic activity, and gastroprotective effects. The constituents of bark and leaf include flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides (anthraquinone and cardiac), terpenoids, saponins, steroids, protein and amino acids, steroid and gums, carbohydrates, vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin) and certain minerals. This review also reported its ecological-, salt regulatory- and reproductive- features as well.
Mythology and Medicine: A Comparative Study of Native American’s Sweet Grass and Indian’s Durva Grass
Authors: Harini V. , Joseph Sonu
Published: November 2023

Indigenous people depend on nature for their livelihood. They are reliant on nearby forest flora and animals for food, medicines, and building materials for their homes. The first tribes had their own in-depth knowledge and answers for all elements of existence. Tribal wisdom has always been transmitted orally from one generation to the next. This tribal wisdom includes knowledge about the plants and herbs and their medicinal values and uses. Myths and legends play a major role in carrying that information with them from generation to generation. Native American and Indian tribal communities have always had a variety of medical procedures and supplies having a long history of usage are referred to as traditional medicine. Out of the different herbs and plants, sweet grass from Native Americans and Durva or Doob grass from Indians has a noteworthy importance and connection to their respective cultures. To highlight the parallels in the two grasses’ purpose and significance, this article attempts to create a comparison analysis between them. While bringing out their similarities, the native American and Indian tribal likeness in culture and practices is also studied.
Comprehensive Ethnomedicinal, Pharmacological and Phytochemical Report on Basella alba L. (Basellaceae)
Authors: Bose Abhijit , Banerjee Sabyasachi , Mandal Sudip Kumar , Bose Sankhadip , Maity Subhasis
Published: November 2023

From the primitive era to the current generation, natural extracts or products played the most conservative therapeutic and nutritional resources. Starting from the era of folklore or ancient, mother nature has protected us from various diseases by producing various natural products having strong medicinal implications like quinine, taxol, vinblastine, etc. Among the many available sources of natural products, pharma-herb being a new member has drawn considerable attention of the researcher in order to have a new pool of products having pronounced pharmaceutical activity. Now Basella alba is one of the brightest candidates belonging to pharma-herb because of its considerably enriched pharmacologically important product stocks like vitamin C, flavonoid compounds, carotenoids, saponins as well as a large number of different minerals and numerous amino acids. This plant is a perennial vine that is often cultivated as a food crop during the cooler months. It is also able to grow very fast and can resist temperatures that are quite high. Basella alba has been referred to by a number of different names throughout history, including Indian-, Malabar-, climber-, Ceylon-, and vine-spinach. Poi is the term that the majority of people in India use when referring to it. The various natural products isolated from B. alba have significant medicinal utilization because of its antimicrobial, anti-ulcer, wound healing, antiviral, anti- inflammatory depressant, androgenic potential, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-anxiety, diuretic and antiurolithiatic activities. This review will cover a detailed journey about Basella alba L. ranging from phytochemical to toxicological, morphological, pharmacological as well as medicinal importance.
DISPOSITIVOS PARA COMPREENSÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO DE ENTORNOS HOSPITALARES POR AQUELES QUE O EXPERIENCIAM
Authors: Lettieri Ana Paula Pereira de Campos
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo objetiva propor dispositivos metodológicos para o estudo de entornos hospitalares, os quais buscam contribuir com a compreensão sobre como a paisagem na qual esses edifícios se inserem, assim como os múltiplos aspectos que a conformam, são percebidos pelas pessoas que a experienciam. A preocupação com a relação entre os hospitais e a cidade, apesar de não ser nova, persiste carecendo de maior atenção, tendo em vista que tal tipologia de estabelecimento assistencial de saúde, devido ao seu porte, complexidade, usos e simbolismos, apresenta grande potencial transformador da paisagem, podendo impactá-la, bem como a forma como essa é percebida pelas pessoas, de maneiras positivas e/ou negativas. Desse modo, partindo-se dos fundamentos da Psicologia Ambiental e de conceitos como ambientes restauradores (restorative environments), paisagens terapêuticas (terapeutic landscapes) e lugares de cura (healing places), defende-se que os entornos hospitalares, se adequadamente planejados, podem contribuir com a promoção da saúde urbana e favorecer uma percepção mais positiva dos indivíduos sobre os mesmos. Para tanto, tomando-se como base instrumentos de Avaliação Pós-Ocupação (APO) existentes, foram formulados três dispositivos - Mapeamento Multissensorial, Entorno Desejado x Entorno Atual e Anamnese - com cujos resultados almeja-se contribuir com a elaboração de estratégias para o planejamento de uma paisagem mais positivamente apreensível, que contribua com a qualidade de vida, saúde e bem estar não apenas dos usuários dos hospitais, mas da população como um todo que a experiencia cotidianamente.
O PATRIMÔNIO MODERNO COMO ELEMENTO REVITALIZADOR DO CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE VITÓRIA
Authors: Diniz Luciana Nemer , Silva Felipe Gustavo
Published: November 2023

Este artigo aborda a restauração do Edifício Presidente Vargas, antigo hotel do Instituto de Aposentadoria e Pensões dos Industriários (IAPI), como instrumento de revitalização da paisagem urbana do centro histórico de Vitória, Espírito Santo. O estudo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da valorização do patrimônio moderno (edificação construída entre 1949 e 1951) como estratégia de reavivar a área central. A pesquisa baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica e documental e visitas a campo, discutindo aspectos da relação do edifício com o entorno imediato, buscando compreender como a intervenção contribuiria para reforçar da identidade e memória coletiva local. Além disso, o trabalho discute o patrimônio moderno através da relevância da preservação da memória, para o desenvolvimento do turismo, como também perspectivas sobre habitação temporária e permanente no edifício histórico. Também é abordada a utilização do patrimônio como forma de impedimento da gentrificação predatória, garantindo a preservação das características culturais e locais capixabas.
ZONEAMENTO URBANO INCLUDENTE OU EXCLUDENTE? UM ESTUDO DAS ZONAS ESPECIAIS DE INTERESSE SOCIAL NOS PLANOS DIRETORES DE LONDRINA E MARINGÁ
Authors: Marcolin Nathalia Moraes , Garbossi Milena Cardoso , Antonello Ideni Terezinha
Published: November 2023

A presente pesquisa realiza uma análise comparativa das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) nos Planos Diretores de Londrina e Maringá, com o objetivo de se identificar, a partir da perspectiva de Marcelo Lopes de Souza, as intenções contidas no estabelecimento das ZEIS, se estas retratam um zoneamento includente ou excludente. Como percurso metodológico, baseia-se numa análise documental dos Planos Diretores e Leis de Uso e Ocupação do Solo em ambas as cidades, de modo a examinar as legislações existentes para identificar tanto as similaridades quanto as disparidades nas abordagens de ZEIS implementadas por cada município. Os resultados incluem considerações a respeito de como as ZEIS, como parte do Estatuto da Cidade, têm potencial para transformar o cenário habitacional e urbano, mas seu impacto depende da combinação com normas urbanísticas específicas e da promoção de gestão democrática. A análise demonstrou que a mera produção de habitações não é suficiente para cumprir a função social da cidade, uma vez que o planejamento urbano nos referidos Planos Diretores perpetua a segregação e distancia o direito à cidade.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO GRAVIMÉTRICA DOS RSU DO MUNICÍPIO DE SINOP/MT, PARA CLASSES A, B E COMERCIAL
Authors: Pereira Ariany Cardoso , Sznitowski Lauren Aparecida , Lima Antonio Victor Gregorio de , Silva Amanda Karoliny Arruda da
Published: November 2023

A má disposição e a ausência de tratamento dos resíduos gerados pela população são as principais causas da contaminação dos recursos naturais, representando ameaças à saúde pública e ao equilíbrio ambiental. Em Sinop - MT, os resíduos coletados são descartados no lixão municipal sem controle ou monitoramento de sua composição. Nesse contexto, a coleta de dados é o passo inicial para cumprir as diretrizes do Plano Municipal de Saneamento Básico, conforme a lei federal Nº 11.445. Esta pesquisa objetiva avaliar a geração e as características dos resíduos das classes A, B e comercial, desempenhando um papel crucial na definição de métodos de tratamento, coleta e destinação. A metodologia de caracterização segue os parâmetros da NBR 10.004/2004, abordando a classificação de resíduos sólidos. A estimativa da geração per capita nas classes e bairros estudados é obtida por meio de cálculos aritméticos. Os resultados revelam que a classe A produz, em média, 1,95 Kg/Hab/Dia, com cerca de 41% compostos por materiais orgânicos e 12,12% vidro, possivelmente de embalagens. Na classe B, a média é de 1,70 Kg/Hab/Dia, com 49% dos resíduos também de fontes orgânicas. Essas conclusões enfatizam a urgência de adotar medidas para um tratamento responsável dos resíduos, incluindo a separação adequada e a reciclagem, visando a redução do impacto ambiental e a proteção da saúde pública. Esses resultados são fundamentais para a criação de políticas municipais voltadas para a gestão de resíduos e o desenvolvimento sustentável de Sinop - MT.
Seismic performance assessment of deficient RC structures retrofitted with different steel bracing systems
Authors: Bouderradji Meriem , Dimia Mohammed Salah , Gherabli Soumia , Belakhdar Ahmed Rafik , Lahbari Noureddine
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the use of concentric steel bracing systems as a global technique for retrofitting RC structures. A case study building with a five-story RC structure was retrofitted and tested using different types of bracing systems with different arrangements namely diagonal, X, and a combination between diagonal and X steel braces with tow arrangements. The main objective of the current study is to find out the most effective bracing system to upgrading the seismic behavior of deficient RC structures. The nonlinear static pushover and dynamic time-history analyses were carried out. The first method was applied by pushing the models until they arriving at a predefined target roof displacement. In the second method, a set of three natural earthquakes was employed to perform a dynamic time history analysis. The results indicate that the combined system of the diagonal and X braces using the second arrangement has the highest base shear and reaches the target roof displacement under pushover analysis. On the other hand, when using the response history analysis, it is the best system to reduce roof displacement compared to other techniques. However, steel braces cannot reduce the acceleration of the structure. The proposed combined system with the second arrangement is an effective retrofitting technique that has a much better seismic behavior and improves the ability to withstand even larger earthquake forces compared to other techniques.
Hafif Covid-19 enfeksiyonu geçiren hastalarda optik sinir başı parametreleri ve retina sinir lifi tabakası kalınlığı etkilenir mi?
Authors: AYDIN Nihat , TÜFEK Melek , ÇAPRAZ Mustafa , NALÇACIOĞLU Pınar
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hafif COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçiren hastalarda peripapiller retina sinir lifi tabakası (RSLT) kalınlığı ve optik sinir başı (OSB) parametrelerini, spektral domain optik koherens tomografi (SD-OKT) cihazı kullanarak değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu prospektif cross-sectional çalışmaya hafif COVID -19 enfeksiyonu geçirmiş 70 hasta ile 65 sağlıklı birey dahil edildi. Ayrıntılı oftalmolojik muayene sonrası tüm hastalara SD-OKT cihazı ile peripapiller RSLT kalınlığı ve OSB parametrelerinin ölçümleri yapıldı.

Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş ve cinsiyet açısından anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p=0.907, p=0.979, sırasıyla). Ortalama, superior, inferior, nazal ve temporal peripapiller RSLT kalınlığı, gruplar arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı değildi (p=0.797, p=0.488, p=0.079, p=0.820, p=0.820, sırasıyla). OSB parametrelerine bakıldığında disc alanı, cup alanı, rim alanı, cup/disc oranı, horizontal ve vertical cup/disc oranı, cup ve rim volume açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi (p=0.239, p= 0.995, p=0.522, p=0.959, p=0.716, p= 0.873, p=0.476, p=0.701, sırasıyla).

Sonuçlar: Hafif COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçiren hastalarla kontrol grubu arasında peripapiller RSLT kalınlığı ve OSB parametreleri açısından anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi. Ancak bulduğumuz bu sonuçlar enfeksiyonun şiddeti ile enfeksiyonun akut ve uzun dönem verilerine göre değişkenlik gösterebilir.
Correlation of Two Different Bowel Dysfunction Questioneria on the Psychological State of the Rectal Cancer Patients
Authors: BENLİ Sami , TAZEOĞLU Deniz , ZIBLAK Alper , ÇOLAK Tahsin
Published: November 2023

Aim: Most patients have impaired bowel function after sphincter-sparing surgery (SPS) combined with total mesorectal excision (TME). This study evaluated bowel dysfunction's effect on a patient's psychological state using the LARS Questionnaire (LARS-Q) and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Bowel Function Instrument (MSK-BFI).

Material and Methods: Between June 2019 and June 2022, 127 patients operated on for rectal cancer with TME and SPS were examined regarding bowel dysfunction in the sixth postoperative month. The LARS score and MSK-BFI assessed bowel function. Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and Beck hopelessness inventory (BHI) were also applied to the patients. The correlation of LARS-Q and MSK-BFI questionnaire scores was examined with each other and the other three questionnaire scores.

Results: Major LARS was seen in 29.9% of the patients. MSK-BFI scores were found to be 60. The median MSK-BFI scores for no LARS, minor LARS, and major LARS were 77, 68, and 52, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MSK-BFI and LARS-Q (rs -0.63). When the correlation between LARS-Q and BAI, BDI, and BHI was evaluated, rs 0.38, rs 0.49, and rs 0.56 were found, respectively. When the correlation between MSK-BFI and BAI, BDI, and BHI was evaluated, rs -0.67, -0.71, and -0.74 were found, respectively.

Conclusion: Bowel dysfunction is a prevalent condition after sphincter-sparing rectal cancer surgery. Impaired sphincter functions significantly affect patients' social and emotional aspects and negatively affect their quality of life.