bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANUSIA DAN AGAMA
Authors: Arif Solehan
Published: April 2019

Kajian tentang manusia dapat dilihat dari berbagai perspektif dan disiplin ilmu, seperti ilmu antropologi, ilmu filosofi, ilmu sosiologi, ilmu psikologi, dan ilmu al -Qur‟an. Tulisan ini mengetengahkan tentang manusia menurut pandangan Islam. Islam berpandangan bahwa manusia itu terdiri dari dua unsur, yaitu unsur materi dan non materi. Ada empat kata yang digunakan al-Qur‟an untuk menunjuk manusia, yaitu al-basyar, al-insān, al-nās, dan banī ādam. Manusia merupakan makhluk yang paling mulia dan sangat unik. Manusia dianugerahi berbagai potensi dan petunjuk kebenaran dalam menjalani kehidupan di dunia dan akhirat. Manusia memiliki potensi dasar yang dapat membedakan dengan makhluk lainnya, yaitu akal, qalbu, dan nafsu. Dalam kehidupan di dunia, selain sebagai hamba Allah, manusia juga diberi tugas men-jadi khalifah di bumi serta mengelola dan memelihara alam.
PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN ANTI KORUPSI DI MADRASAH
Authors: Yaqin Nurul
Published: April 2019

Korupsi merupakan perbuatan tercela yang dapat dikategorikan fasâd (merusak tatanan kehidupan) dan jinâyah kubrâ (kriminal besar). Perbuatan yang bertentangan dengan norma agama, hukum, dan masyarakat ini sudah masuk ke berbagai lini kehidupan masyarakat dengan tanpa batas, bahkan saat ini keberadaannya sudah sangat memprihatinkan. Oleh karenanya, pada saat ini diperlukan kemauan dari semua pihak untuk ikut serta berupaya memberantas, menghapus, atau minimal menekan agar perilaku korupsi tidak semakin meluas dan mengakarnya. Madrasah sebagai bagian dari lembaga pen-didikan juga diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam pencegahan dini tindak korupsi ini melalui kegiatan pendidikannya. Strategi pendidikan anti korupsi di madrasah dapat dijalankan melalui; pengintegrasian materi anti korupsi dalam mata pelajaran; pengembangan kegiatan kesiswaan; dan pembiasaan perilaku.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEKSTUALIS NORMATIF DAN KONTEKSTUALIS HISTORIS
Authors: Karimullah Karimullah
Published: April 2019

This paper seeks to describe the dichotomic-paradoxical perspectives surrounding Islamic religious education. On the one hand, the character of Islamic religious education has a normative textual perspective which has implications for the realization of an autistic Islam that gave birth to radicalism. On the other hand, historical contextual perspectives that emphasize religious dialectics with local cultures with the implications of respecting plurality and are highly anti-relying on authenticity. This paper itself suggests the need for maturity, maturity, attitude of responsibility and awareness in determining the choice of each of the two.
TAFSIR BURHANI AYAT EKONOMI: Rekontruksi Penafsiran terhadap Sumber Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: April 2019

The reconstruction of thought in Islamic economics will provide significant space to absorb all existing entities, both from Islam and conventional economics. The reconstruction method that can be offered is a burhani interpretation of Muhammad Abid al-Jabiri’s concept of thought. So far, the interpretation of al-Qur’an is still dominated by the concept of bayani which still places texts as something sacred, thus losing a harmonious relationship with the context. The emphasis of research on the burhani method is a reconstruction of the bayani method which only emphasizes on istibanthiyah. The convergence between the two methods, between bayani and burhani will give to a living interpretation of al-Qur’an. So, the Qur'an is not only a reading that adorns Islam but is also a way of life or known as hudan according to the function of the descent of the Qur'an, including in economic context.[Rekontruksi pemikiran dalam ekonomi islam akan memberikan ruang yang signifikan untuk menyerap semua entitas yang ada, baik dari Islam maupun ekonomi konvensional.. Metode rekonstruksi yang bisa ditawarkan adalah tafsir burhani dari konsep pemikiran Muhammad Abid al-Jabiri. Selama ini ranah penafsiran ini masih didominasi konsep bayani yang masih menempatkan teks-teks sebagai sesuatu yang sakral sehingga kehilangan hubungan yang harmonis dengan konteksnya. Penekanan adanya research dalam metode burhani merupakan sebuah rekontruksi terhadap metode bayani yang hanya menekankan pada istibanthiyah  semata. Konvergensi antara kedua metode tersebut yaitu antara bayani dan burhani akan melahirkan sebuah penafsiran yang hidup sehingga Al-Qur’an bukan hanya bacaan yang menghiasi Islam tetapi sekaligus way of life atau dikenal sebagai hudan sesuai dengan fungsi diturunkannya Al-Qur’an termasuk dalam konteks ekonomi]
Narrativas musicais de professores de acordeom: inseguranças e dificuldades formativas
Authors: Weiss Douglas Rodrigo Bonfante , Louro-Hettwer Ana Lúcia de Marques e
Published: April 2019

A partir dos resultados da dissertação de Weiss (2015) – que, por meio de narrativas, buscou compreender a formação e atuação de professores de acordeom, destacando aspectos constitutivos dessa profissão em meio a choques culturais de contextos populares e acadêmicos – este artigo é um recorte do referido estudo, com o objetivo de não somente apresentar as principais dificuldades e inseguranças nos caminhos formativos e nas práticas docentes de professores de acordeom, mas também refletir sobre elas. A metodologia que ampara os objetivos desta pesquisa vão ao encontro dos estudos biográficos e (auto)biográficos. As narrativas foram produzidas por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada e a análise das entrevistas foi feita a partir do conceito de “recordação-referência”, de Josso (2004). Nesse sentido, como resultados, destacamos que, a partir dos diferentes contextos de formação e atuação, surgem dificuldades envolvendo a formação dos professores, as metodologias de trabalho e o relacionamento com as expectativas dos alunos. Ademais, as narrativas sobre dificuldades de formação e atuação e o modo como os professores as superaram mostram um potencial reflexivo para a aprendizagem docente, tendo em vista que algumas dificuldades podem ser recorrentes na atuação dos professores de instrumentos musicais que ministram aulas particulares.
Comparison between standardized sensory methods used to evaluate the mousy off-flavor in red wine
Authors: Tempère Sophie , Chatelet Bertrand , De Revel Gilles , DUFOIR Maxime , DENAT Marie , RAMONET Pierre-Yves , MARCHAND Stéphanie , SADOUDI Mohand , RICHARD Nicolas , Lucas Patrick , MIOT-SERTIER Cécile , CLAISSE Olivier , RIQUIER Laurent , PERELLO Marie-Claire , BALLESTRA Patricia
Published: April 2019

The variation in descriptors for mousy off-flavor may be related to the different compounds involved in this spoilage, their concentrations, the matrix effect, individual detection abilities, the composition of a subject’s saliva, and the pH of the tongue’s surface. These different sources of variability partly explain the lack of consensus concerning the perception of this defect in wine. Several different sensory methods have been developed by wine professionals and scientists, based on the pH-dependency affecting the perception of some key mousy compounds. The objective of this study was to compare different sensory methods for detecting mousy character in red wine under standardized conditions, using alkaline paper strips and pH adjustment. Among the methods tested, adjusting pH to around 5 increased the consensus among tasters, and the detection and discrimination capacities of panelists.
Numerical Study of Complex Heat Transfer in Blown Impassable Channels of Heating Mains
Authors: Sednin V. A. , Bubyr T. V.
Published: April 2019

To solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of operation of thermal networks, placed in impassable channels, the authors previously proposed the scheme-and-structural decision of the regenerative-utilization heat consumption. The technology of forced ventilation of the channel by external followed by the cooling of air and utilization of the withdrawn heat is presented. Research of processes of heat exchange between a stream of air and pipelines of network water on the one hand and between a stream of air and walls of the channel on another hand is a determinant for realization of the presented technology of increase of efficiency of operation of the considered heating mains. Convective heat transfer with the listed components of the channel structure is quite difficult to reduce to any canonical form which makes it possible to use the available design dependences. It is immeasurably more difficult to find a solution when considering the processes of forced convection jointly. Heat exchange takes place in a channel of complex shape that is determined by the presence of supports, compensators and turns along the length of the channel. In the cross section, the sizes of the structure and the restriction of the air flow are determined by a standard size range of diameters of the network water pipelines. Under these conditions, the use of any real experimental facility is associated with unacceptable idealization and the corresponding error, unsuitable for practical use. Full-scale tests can be considered only to verify the adequacy of the experimental results. The way out of this situation can be a usage of a virtual experimental facility created on the basis of a standard software package (in the case under consideration the ANSYS was used). The approaches of creating a virtual experimental facility for the study of heat transfer and aerodynamics in the blown impassable channels of heating mains and methods of conducting experiment using the theory of its planning are considered.
Solutions of the scientific problem of modifying of foundry alloys
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu.
Published: April 2019

For a solution of the problem of modification of a microstructure of cast alloys it is necessary to accept admission that crystallization centers of crystals of phases are the crystalline buildups consisting of nanocrystals of phases. The role of modifiers comes down to lower concentration in a metal melt of the dissolved surface-active elements and gases and (or) to formate of the moistened substrates on which process of gas generation and deleting gas bubbles will be most preferable.
The conceptual development areas in the developing technologies of plastic forming of cars’ details
Authors: Isaevich L. A. , Sidorenko M. I.
Published: April 2019

Based on the analysis of the essence of localization of the deformation zone the display signs of this factor and the accompanying positive effect were established. It was the basis for combining a wide range of plastically shaped car parts into groups with the subsequent development of standard (basic) technological processes for each of them.

The first group includes hollow cylindrical parts with a flange. The basis of the second group of parts are stepped shafts and axles with slots. The third group of parts are elastic elements of the car suspension, consisting of strips of variable thickness along the length. Representatives of the fourth group are cylindrical solid and hollow parts with a perpendicular end. This approach allows us to form the concept of building advanced industrial technologies.
Technological features of Ti–Cr–B–N coatings formation by magnetron sputtering method in a direct current
Authors: Latushkina S. D. , Romanov I. M. , Luchenok A. R. , Posylkina O. I. , Harlan Yu. A. , Martinkevich Ya. Yu.
Published: April 2019

The results of the study of the phase composition and physical and mechanical properties of multicomponent coatings Ti– Cr–B–N formed by magnetron sputtering at a constant current from composite targets are presented. The features of phase formation of coatings when spraying targets containing titanium diboride (TiB2) or boron nitride (BN) as a boron-containing component are studied. The conditions of deposition of coatings with microhardness up to 32 GPA and heat resistance up to 800 °C are established.
The stability of the internal cavities of steel casting
Authors: Odarchenko I. B. , Sinitskij A. A. , Prusenko I. N.
Published: April 2019

The mechanism and causes of the formation of casting defects, manifested in the deviation of the geometry of the internal cavities from the «cylindrical», are investigated. It is shown that the causes of distortion of the geometric shape are associated with deformation of the casting rod during thermal and mechanical interaction with the melt. Using the possibilities of computer simulation in the MAGMASOFT package, the temperature distributions of the metal in the casting body during the casting and solidification were analyzed. Areas of distortion of the geometric shape of the inner part of the casting correspond to the area of the rod subjected to the highest and longest thermal loads. The characteristics of the temperature fields in the respective zones indicate overheating of individual areas of the rod to temperatures causing phase stresses in the structure of the core mixture, sufficient for the occurrence of deformations in it. To eliminate the defect under consideration, two approaches were used to reduce the magnitude of phase stresses in the casting rod and to adjust the design of the rod tooling.
Improvement of management system of technological equipment for production of gasificable models
Authors: Yakovyshin O. A.
Published: April 2019

In the article on the basis of the conducted researches and available technical documentation on modern non-contact electric devices the approach to perfect a control system of heating element of equipment for the production of gasified models. The thermophysical features and mode of operation of heating elements used in equipment for the production of gasified models is given. The numerical value of the working temperature of the spiral of heating element is determined. It is shown that application of three phase Solid State Relays (SSR) increased the life of heating elements by an average of 400–450 hours. SSR in the systems for controlling the heating of liquid heat carrier of plants for the production of gasified models are promising.
Development of technology for lining steel-tapping hole of steel-teeming ladles with the use of nesting well blocks
Authors: Khvesenja D. N. , Artamoshin A. L. , Turygin A. K. , Danilov D. V.
Published: April 2019

At OJSC «BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC» were tested nesting well blocks for lining of steel-tapping hole of steel-teeming ladles ЭСПЦ-1, 2 with the working lining of piece goods. In the conditions of the enterprise during the full campaign of the working lining of steel ladles, intermediate repair of the slag belt, bottom blowing units and the steel-tapping holes is carried out. The steel-tapping hole is used to release steel from the steel ladle into the intermediate ladle. The purpose of the tests is to replace the «traditional» filling of the steel outlet with refractory concrete manually by molded nesting wellblocks due to the reduced risk of accident due to the lack of probability of metal «penetration» into the concrete, as well as reducing the volume and duration of repair of the working lining of steel ladles.
Factors influencing hardenability of steels on the example of grade 42Cr MoS4. Convergence of the results of calculation and experimental methods
Authors: Zakharevich S. V. , Hlazunova N. A.
Published: April 2019

This article identifies factors influencing hardenability of steels in manufacturing conditions of OJSC « BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC». The article contains results of a study on dependence of hardenability of steel grade 42CrMoS4 on design features of the equipment and the process aimed to ensure correspondence of the fi al product to the requirements. Measures that minimize spread of values due to preparation of samples for hardenability test in industrial conditions are presented. When predicting hardenability band, it is necessary implement a package of application programs that consider influence of factors existing in the conditions of a particular steel manufacturer.
Realization of Industry Export Potential in the Republic of Belarus: Trends, Factors, Perspectives
Authors: Blagush I. S. , Kazhurо N. Ya.
Published: April 2019

Main development trends and complex of internal and external factors influencing on export potential of the industrial sector in the Republic of Belarus have been revealed and determined on the basis of the analysis of national and international statistical databases and method for expert assessment. Relevance of the research is to demonstrate that industry creates a significant part of commodity exports in the small open economy of the Republic of Belarus which has adopted a course to post-industrialization as a national strategy. Absolute figures of the Belarusian export of services are 3.4 times lower than values of the commodity export, 92.4 % of which is provided by manufacturing industry. It is in the sphere of industrial production that we should look for the reasons of long-term trend to reducing physical and cost volumes of Belarusian export, deterioration of its commodity and geographical structure, negative balance of trade and account of current operations. Main positions of the Belarusian commodity exports which form 70 % of its volume to non-CIS countries are raw materials exposed to unstable price environment in the world market, although the mining industry accounts for only 1.2 % while the manufacturing industry creates 85.6 % of the sector’s gross output. The study refutes the conclusion that problems associated with implementation of an export potential of domestic industry should be explained by the crisis of industrial production, proving that post-industrialization, accompanied by a reduction, curtailment or cross-border transfer of industrial production, is not so clear and does not bring the expected macroeconomic results. Reindustrialization, achievement of a breakthrough in the use of information technologies for a new quality of industrial production, which involves reorientation of IT-sector in Belarus operating on the basis of an outsourcing model from external to domestic market and solution of problems concerning system modernization of industry must become a national strategy aimed at the development and implementation of the industry’s export potential.
Distribution of Load Forces in Hollow Core Slabs of Precast Solid Floor Supported on Bearing Walls
Authors: Bosakov S. V. , Mordich A. I. , Karyakin A. A. , Sonin S. A. , Derbentsev I. S.
Published: April 2019

The need to cut construction cost of residential and public buildings and provide them with a free and transformable planning structure during their operation cause interest in building wall systems with a large step of bearing walls. In order to reduce labor inputs and increase rate of construction in such building load-bearing system it is also necessary to maximize the use of large-sized prefabricated products and minimize consumption of in-situ concrete. In this case prefabricated products should be substituted according to the conditions of local (regional) construction industry base and volume of in-situ concrete must be sufficient to ensure a complete redistribution of internal forces between elements of the bearing system under load. As for the described bearing wall system of a multi-storey building the paper presents a flat precast solid floor formed by hollow-core slabs and monolithic crossbars supported by load-bearing walls. The hollow-core slabs supported at the ends on cast-in-place crossbars in the planes of bearing walls are arranged in dense groups between cast-in-place braced cross-beams. Dense contacts between overlapping elements are fixed by internal bonds. New data on distribution of forces in floor elements under the action of a vertical load have been obtained on the basis of full-scale tests and existing theoretical assumptions. It has been established that due to this load reactive thrust forces ensuring an operation of every hollow-core slab group in the floor as an effective solid plate supported along the contour have been originated in the floor plane along two main axes. Calculation of the reactive thrust forces makes it possible more accurately to assess a load-bearing capacity and rigidity of the precast solid floor and to increase a step of bearing walls up to 8 m and more while having hollow-core slabs with a thickness of 220 mm.
Use S-FUNCTION BUILDER in MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Mikhailov V. G.
Published: April 2019

The analysis of used methods of the task of external indignation in MATLAB/SIMULINK by means of the generator of white noise and the subsequent filtration and the task on points in MS.Excel (1000 values) is carried out. It is established that they do not provide the decision of the problems demanding great volumes of the data and necessary speed and cannot will be applied to more challenges (modelling of movement and loading the vehicle, the task of trajectories of flight, the equipment of passage of breeds and others). Existing approaches and receptions can be used only for the decision of simple problems. It is noticed that the majority of researchers do not use the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER because of misunderstanding of its adjustment and mastery of a language C/C++. Problems with compilation of programs in the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER are revealed. Decisions of their elimination offered at forums are not convenient in practice. The decision of this problem through installation of system variable Windows is offered.

The approach and reception of the task of external indignation by means of the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER is offered, allowing to solve these problems.

Adjustment and module use S-FUNCTION BUILDER for formation of external indignation for these problems are in detail considered.

The program of realization of the task of external indignation in language C/C++ is offered, the initial text of the program is resulted.

The block diagram of use of the module S-FUNCTION for the decision of joint modelling of movement and loading the vehicle is shown.

Scopes of the offered program and the approach for probes mechatronic systems are considered.

The offered approach and reception of the task of external indignation by means of the module S-FUNCTION BUILDER allows to solve challenges and to pass to more difficult imitating modelling with participation of the person.
Desafios e Perspectivas da Gestão do Trabalho na Política Pública de Assistência Social Brasileira
Authors: Pereira Maria Erica Ribeiro , Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Tassigny Mônica Mota
Published: April 2019

A Política Pública de Assistência Social, instituída com a Constituição Federal de 1988, vem sendo aprimorada para atender alterações no perfil do usuário, na gestão, e nos espaços de efetivação dessa política. Este pesquisa objetivou discutir a Gestão do Trabalho no SUAS, com amparo na caracterização do trabalho e do trabalhador; exploração das normativas que o regem; e investigação dos desafios e perspectivas desse ator no contexto da garantia de condições materiais e institucionais, bem como os meios e instrumentos necessários ao adequado exercício profissional. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com base em categorias analíticas (Espaços de Atuação, Formas de Ingresso, Equipes de Referência) e categorias empíricasque ressaltam os desafios (Terceirização e Precarização) e perspectivas (Avanço Normativo e Novos Processos de Gestão) que ampliam os direitos dos mediadores de direitos. A Gestão alinhada aos desafios e perspectivas da Política, reclama Gestão do Trabalho centrada na participação e democratização que ampliem e qualifiquem trabalho e os direitos, com relações de trabalho estáveis e protegidas, com condições institucionais para a realização das atividades necessárias para o atingimento dos objetivos do projeto político do SUAS e que não corroboram com a terceirização ou qualquer tipo de precarização do trabalho, das condições de trabalho e dos processos de trabalho.
Inovação na indústria brasileira: uma análise a partir dos dados de um painel de empresas da Sondagem de Inovação
Authors: Libanio Gilberto , Dias Ana Valéria C. , Santos Ulisses Pereira dos , Ferreira Cândido Guerra , Londe Ana Carolina
Published: April 2019

Este artigo busca examinar o desempenho inovativo da indústria brasileira no período 2010-2015, a partir dos dados da Sondagem de Inovação, cujo universo compreende empresas da indústria extrativa e de transformação com mais de 500 empregados. Neste trabalho, a amostra analisada consiste em um painel fixo de 105 empresas que responderam a pelo menos 20 edições da Sondagem (de um total de 24 realizadas no período). Os resultados indicam uma queda considerável da atividade de inovação entre as empresas industriais pesquisadas ao longo do período, com a taxa de inovação apresentando um movimento de queda acentuada entre o primeiro trimestre de 2010 e o quarto trimestre de 2015. Não obstante, verifica-se, no período em questão, relativa estabilidade no número de doutores e mestres ocupados exclusivamente em P&D, bem como nos gastos em P&D interno e externo como percentual do faturamento.
Butorphanol tartrate is better than fentanyl for postoperative analgesia after intestinal surgery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Bo , Wang Zhi-Li , Wang Jing , Xiang Hui , Zhao Yu-Qian , Peng Zhi-Yong
Published: April 2019

Background Traditional opioid analgesics act on the μ2 receptors and lead to delayed gastric emptying and weakening of the peristalsis. Butorphanol is an opioid analgesic that has strong excitatory effect on κ receptors, weak μ receptor agonistic and antagonistic activity. This study aimed to compare the effects of butorphanol tartrate and fentanyl on the analgesia and the gastrointestinal motility after intestinal surgery.

Method This prospective cohort study was conducted in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China from May to September 2017. One hundred and forty six patients admitted to ICU after intestinal surgeries, were divided into fentanyl group and butorphanol group. The fentanyl group continually infused fentanyl with 1ug/kg/h and the butorphanol group continually infused butorphanol with 20ug/kg/h. The analgesics were used until the patients were transfer out of ICU or up to 24 hours. The primary outcome was the time required for the first passage of flatus. The second outcomes included the pain and sedation scores, the incidence of nausea and vomiting, serum motilin concentrations, and the incidence rate of adverse reactions.

Results There were 69 patients in butorphanol group and 77patients in fentanyl group. Compared with the fentanyl group, the time required for the first passage of flatus was shorter (69.82 ±18.84 h vs. 79.34 ± 15.69 h, p= 0.0012) and the incidence of nausea (14.9% vs. 29.3%, P=0.013) and vomiting (11.7% vs. 27.3%, P=0.031) was significantly lower in the butorphanol group without any significant difference in analgesic score and sedation score. The serum motilin increase level was significantly higher in butorphanol group [21.36(6.17, 28.47) ng/L vs. 5.56(3.04, 9.81) ng/L, P = 0.034].

Conclusion: In patients undergoing intestinal surgery, butorphanol tartrate allows faster recovery of gastrointestinal function and similar analgesia compared to fentanyl.

TRIAL REGESTRITION Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR-INR-17011031). Registered on Mar 31th 2017.
Transition-metal Nanoparticles Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Coupling Reactions in Water
Authors: Ohtaka Atsushi
Published: April 2019

The use of transition-metal nanoparticles in catalysis has attracted much interest, and their use in carbon-carbon coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira, Stille, Hiyama, and Ullmann coupling reactions constitutes one of their most important applications. The transition-metal nanoparticles are considered as one of the green catalysts because they show high catalytic activity for several reactions in water. This review is devoted to the catalytic system developed in the past 10 years in transition-metal nanoparticles-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira, Stille, Hiyama, and Ullmann coupling reactions in water.
Small-molecule Bifunctional Fluorescent Probes for the Differential Detection of Multiple Guests
Authors: Jia Pei-Pei , Jiang Shu-Ting , Xu Lin
Published: April 2019

During the last few years, the preparation of bifunctional fluorescent probes, which exhibit dierential response towards multiple analytes, has attracted considerable attention since they are cost-eective and highly desirable for real-time applications. This review focuses on the recent advances in the design principles, recognition mechanisms,and applications of multifunctional fluorescent probes for the differential detection of multiple guests.
A Novel and Secure Hybrid iWD-MASK Algorithm for Enhanced Image Security
Authors: Tandon Righa , Gupta P.K.
Published: April 2019

Background:

Most of the work has been done using DES, AES, and MAES for key generation
in the image encryption. These algorithms provide better results for text based encryption
when compared with digital image encryption. These algorithms are less secure and efficient. A
new hybrid approach has been introduced for digital image encryption i.e. Chaos-based approach.
This approach is designed for image related data. Obtained results outperform the previous results
of encryption.

Objective:

To get the original image after decryption at the receiver’s end.

Methods:

Matrix array symmetric key algorithm has been used for key generation in which same
key is used for encryption and decryption process. Here, we have to fix the total number of iterations.
There will be three choices of iterations 10, 12 and 14 for 128, 192 and 256 bits key lengths
respectively. Once the key is generated, IWD algorithm is applied for encryption process and at the
end of sender and same key has to be used for decryption purpose at receiver’s end. Otherwise,
system will stop its functioning and will result into system error.

Results & Conclusion:

The proposed hybrid concept of MASK with iWD algorithm is implemented
on different set of images. Obtained results are satisfactorily while comparing the proposed approach
with other existing approaches for the various parameters like precision, recall and Fmeasure.
In future work, the proposed algorithm can be applied for the other types of cryptography
as well, like text, video sharing, etc.
An Optimal Framework for Spatial Query Optimization Using Hadoop in Big Data Analytics
Authors: Dadheech Pankaj , Goyal Dinesh , Srivastava Sumit , Kumar Ankit
Published: April 2019

Background and Objective:

Spatial queries frequently used in Hadoop for significant data process.
However, vast and massive size of spatial information makes it difficult to process the spatial inquiries
proficiently, so they utilized the Hadoop system for process the Big Data. Boolean Queries & Geometry Boolean
Spatial Data for Query Optimization using Hadoop System are used. In this paper, a lightweight and
adaptable spatial data index for big data have discussed, which have used to process in Hadoop frameworks.
Results demonstrate the proficiency and adequacy of spatial ordering system for various spatial inquiries.

Methods:

In this section, the different type of approaches are used which helps to understand the procedure
to develop an efficient system by involving the methods like efficient and scalable method for processing
Top-k spatial Boolean Queries, Efficient query processing in Geographic web search engines. Geographic
search engine query processing combines text and spatial data processing technique & Top-k spatial preference
Queries. In this work, the implementation of all the methods is done for comparative analysis.

Results and Discussion:

The execution of algorithm gives results which show the difference of performance
over different data types. Three different graphs are presented here based on the different data inputs
indexing and data types. Results show that when the number of rows to be executed increases the performance
of geohash decreases, while the crucial point for change in performance of execution is not visible
due to sudden hike in number of rows returned.

Conclusion:

The query processing have discussed in geographic web search engines. In this work a general
framework for ranking search results based on a combination of textual and spatial criteria, and proposed
several algorithms for efficiently executing ranked queries on very large collections have discussed. The integrated
of proposed algorithms into an existing high-performance search engine query processor and works
on evaluating them on a large data set and realistic geographic queries. The results shows that in many cases
geographic query processing can be performed at about the same level of efficiency as text-only queries.
Циклостойкие миниатюрные термоэлектрические модули
Authors: Волков М.П. , Драбкин И.А. , Ершова Л.Б. , Назаренко А.А.
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the paper the test data on new cycle-resistant thermoelectric modules are presented and discussed. These modules can be applied in medical equipment for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to carry out DNA analysis with the help of rapid periodic heating and cooling of biological probes. However, high density of heat fluxes and, as a result, significant mechanical stresses in miniature thermoelectric modules involve special requirements to their reliability. The company RMT Ltd. has developed a technology for the production of highly reliable miniature thermoelectric modules that allowed them to withstand more than 500 thousand heating-cooling cycles (from 20 to 100°C) with a rate of 20°C/s and more.
О зонной структуре Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Немов С.А. , Улашкевич Ю.В. , Рулимов А.А. , Демченко А.Е. , Аллаххах А.А. , Свешников И.В. , Джафаров М.
Published: April 2019

AbstractFor p -Bi_2Te_3 crystals grown by the Czochralski method, the temperature dependences of the conductivity, Hall coefficient, thermoelectric power (α), and transverse Nernst–Ettingshausen coefficient are obtained experimentally in the temperature range 77–450 K. The transmittance spectrum in the range 400–5250 cm^–1 is recorded at room temperature. It is shown that, to interpret the temperature dependences of the scattering parameter r and the ratio of the thermoelectric power to temperature (α/ T ), it is essential to take into account the complex valence-band structure and the contribution of heavy holes to transport phenomena. Estimations of the energy band parameters in the context of the two-band model give a hole effective mass close to the free electron mass and the energy gap between nonequivalent extrema at a level of several hundredths of eV. In the absorption spectrum derived from the transmittance spectrum, a sharp increase in absorption defined by indirect interband transitions with the band gap E _ g ≈ 0.14 eV is observed in the region of frequencies ν ≥ 1000 cm^–1. The absorption spectrum calculated from the reflectance data using the Kramers–Kronig relations is in agreement with the experimental absorption spectrum.
Термоэлектрические свойства твердого раствора n-Mg-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-(SiGe)-=SUB=-0.8-=/SUB=-Sn-=SUB=-0.2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Исаченко Г.Н. , Самунин А.Ю. , Константинов П.П. , Касьянов А.А. , Масалимов А.
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigh values of the thermoelectric figure of merit ( ZT = 1.5) in Mg_2Si–Mg_2Sn solid solutions are caused by a low thermal conductivity and a complex band structure, which is optimal at the ratio of solid-solution components of 40% Mg_2Si and 60% Mg_2Sn. However, the presence of magnesium stannide in a high concentration impairs the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the material limiting its application at high temperatures. Magnesium silicide has a higher stability but a lower figure of merit. The figure of merit is much lower in Mg_2Si-rich solid solutions and amounts to ZT ~ 1. The possibility of increasing ZT in the Mg_2Si_0.8Sn_0.2 solid solution with the additional inclusion of Mg_2Ge in small quantities is investigated here. Samples of Mg_2(Si_1 –_ x Ge_ x )_0.8Sn_0.2 ( x < 0.03) solid solution are prepared by hot pressing. The temperature dependences of the coefficients of the thermoelectric power, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity are measured in the range of 300–800 K. An increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit to ZT = 1.1 is shown at T = 800 K in the Mg_2Si_0.78Ge_0.02Sn_0.2〈Sb〉 solid solution.
Влияние температуры спекания на термоэлектрические свойства соединения Bi-=SUB=-1.9-=/SUB=-Gd-=SUB=-0.1-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Япрынцев М.Н. , Васильев А.Е. , Иванов О.Н.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe regularities of the influence of the sintering temperature (750, 780, 810, and 840 K) on the elemental composition, crystal-lattice parameters, electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, total thermal conductivity, and thermoelectric figure of merit of the Bi_1.9Gd_0.1Te_3 compound are investigated. It is established that the elemental composition of the samples during high-temperature sintering varies due to intense tellurium evaporation, which can lead to the formation of various point defects (vacancies and antisite defects) affecting the majority carrier (electron) concentration and mobility. The sintering temperature greatly affects the electrical resistivity of the samples, while the influence on the Seebeck coefficient and total thermal conductivity is much weaker. The largest thermoelectric figure of merit ( ZT ≈ 0.55) is observed for the sample sintered at 750 K.
Термоэлектрические и гальваномагнитные свойства слоистых пленок n-Bi-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-y-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=-
Authors: Лукьянова Л.Н. , Усов О.А. , Волков М.П.
Published: April 2019

n nanostructured layered films of topological thermoelectrics
n-Bi2−xSbxTe3−y Sey , thermoelectric properties in the
temperature range of 4.2−300K and magnetoresistance oscillations
in strong magnetic fields at low temperatures were
studied. It is shown that thermoelectric efficiency in the
layered n-Bi2−xSbxTe3−y Sey films increases as compared with bulk
material due to both an increase in the Seebeck coefficient at
the temperatures below room one, and a decrease in thermal
conductivity and weakening of its temperature dependence. From
the analysis of magnetoresistance oscillations, the parameters of
topological surface states of Dirac fermions were determined and
their influence on thermoelectric properties was estimated.
Топологические поверхностные состояния фермионов Дирака в термоэлектриках n-Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-y-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=-
Authors: Лукьянова Л.Н. , Макаренко И.В. , Усов О.А. , Дементьев П.А.
Published: April 2019

Topological surface states of Dirac fermions in n-Bi2Te3−ySey thermoelectrics
L.N. Lukyanova, I.V. Makarenko, O.A. Usov, P.A. Dementev
Ioffe Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
Abstract In n-Bi2Te3 and n-Bi2Te3−ySey thermoelectrics, the surface states of Dirac fermions of the interlayer van der Waals plane (0001) were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy. The surface morphology and modulated line profiles of the images in tunneling microscopy is determined by local distortions of the surface electron states density and depend on the composition. The Dirac point ED of the studied compositions is localized in the energy gap, and it shifts to the top of the valence band with increase of Se content in the solid solutions. The dependence between Dirac surface state parameters (the Dirac point position, the Fermi velocity, the fermion surface concentration) and thermoelectric properties (Seebeck coefficient and the power factor) is established for the thermoelectrics studied.
Материалы на основе твердых растворов теллуридов висмута и сурьмы, полученные методами быстрой кристаллизации расплава
Authors: Иванова Л.Д. , Гранаткина Ю.В. , Мальчев А.Г. , Нихезина И.Ю. , Емельянов М.В.
Published: April 2019

Abstractp -type Bi_0.5Sb_1.5Te_3 solid solutions prepared by hot pressing and the extrusion of powders prepared by rapid melt crystallization methods such as melt spinning and melt crystallization in a liquid are investigated. The morphology of the powders, the sample cleavage surface, and their microstructure are investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. The mechanical properties of the samples are investigated by room-temperature compression tests. The Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity of the materials are measured in the temperature range of 100–600 K. The highest limiting compressive strength σ_B = 145 MPa at 300 K and maximal thermoelectric efficiency ( ZT )_max = 1.34 at 370 K are found for materials extruded from granules prepared by melt crystallization in water and ground in a ball mill.
Термоэлектрические свойства полуметаллических и полупроводниковых фольг и нитей Bi-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Николаева А. , Конопко Л. , Гергишан И. , Рогацкий К. , Стачовик П. , Ежовски А. , Шепелевич В. , Прокошин В. , Гусакова С.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe results of experimental investigations into the thermoelectric properties (electrical conductivity, thermoelectric power, and thermal conductivity) of microtextured foils and single-crystal wires based on semimetal and semiconductor Bi_1 –_ x Sb_ x alloys are presented in the temperature range of 4.2–300 K. It is found that the band gap Δ E in Bi–17 at % Sb wires increases with decreasing wire diameter d , which is a manifestation of the quantum-size effect. At low temperatures ( T < 50 K), in the wires with d < 400 nm, the electrical conductivity increases due to the significant contribution of highly conductive surface states characteristic of topological insulators. It is found for the first time that the thermal conductivity of semimetal Bi–3 at % Sb foils at low temperatures is two orders of magnitude lower, and that of semiconductor Bi–16 at % Sb foils one order of magnitude lower, than that in bulk samples of the corresponding composition due to significant phonon scattering at grain boundaries and surfaces. This effect leads to considerable enhancement of the thermoelectric figure-of-merit ZT and can be used in miniature low-temperature thermoelectric energy converters.
Миниатюрный датчик теплового потока на основе микропровода Bi-Sn в стеклянной изоляции
Authors: Конопко Л.А. , Николаева А.А. , Хубер Т.Е. , Кобылянская А.К.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThermoelectric-energy conversion based on a single element made of an anisotropic material is considered. In such materials, the heat flux generates a transverse electric field. We fabricate an experimental heat-flux sensor (HFS) sample consisting of a 10-m-long glass-insulated single-crystal tin-doped bismuth microwire (outer diameter D = 18 μm, microwire diameter d = 4 μm). The microwire is wound into a flat spiral after recrystallization in a strong electric field, during which the main crystallographic axis C _3 is oriented at the optimum angle with respect to the microwire axis. The sensor sensitivity reaches 10^–2 V/W with the time constant τ ≈ 0.2 s. The sensor fabrication technology is rather simple and reliable for industrial applications.
Термоэлектрические свойства моносилицида кобальта и сплавов на его основе
Authors: Антонов А.С. , Новиков С.В. , Пшенай-Северин Д.А. , Бурков А.Т.
Published: April 2019

The samples of cobalt monosilicide CoSi and its alloys with the substitution of iron or nickel for cobalt (Co$_1-x$M$_x$Si, M=Fe, Ni) were studied. The investigation were made for alloy compositions with iron content up to 10 at. % and nickel up to 5 at. %. The thermopower and electrical resistivity were measured in the temperature range of 100 – 800 K.
Recent calculations of the cobalt monosilicide band structure revealed a number of essential differences from the standard semimetallic model with energy overlap of parabolic bands for electrons and holes. This raises the question on the effect of the new band structure features on the theoretical interpretation of experimental properties of the compound. We analyze the possibility of theoretical interpretation of temperature and concentration dependences of the thermopower and electrical resistivity using different models of the electron spectrum.
Термоэлектрические свойства твердых растворов Bi-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Lu-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-2.7-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-0.3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Васильев А.Е. , Япрынцев М.Н. , Иванов О.Н. , Жежу М.В.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe thermoelectric properties of compounds based on Bi_2 –_ x Lu_ x Te_2.7Se_0.3 solid solutions with x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 are studied. The samples for investigations are prepared by chemical-solution deposition (to synthesize the initial powders) and spark plasma sintering (to obtain bulk samples). The patterns of changes in the electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, and total thermal conductivity of the samples are determined as a function of the lutetium content. It is established that the optimal combination of these thermoelectric characteristics is attained for the composition with x = 0.05, which demonstrates the highest thermoelectric figure of merit ( ZT ≈ 0.9 in the temperature range of 400–480 K) among all the studied compositions.
Высокоэффективный термоэлектрический однофотонный детектор на основе гексаборидов лантана и церия
Authors: Кузанян А.С. , Кузанян А.А. , Гурин В.Н. , Волков М.П. , Никогосян В.Р.
Published: April 2019

AbstractA design for a high-efficiency single-photon detector based on lanthanum and cerium hexaborides, which operates from the infrared to ultraviolet spectral ranges, is suggested. The results of computer simulations of heat transfer in the sensitive element of the detector upon the absorption of photons with energies of 0.5–4.13 eV are presented. To attain a high efficiency of the system of photon detection in the wavelength range from near infrared to ultraviolet, lanthanum hexaboride is proposed as the absorber and heat-sink material in the sensitive element. It is shown that a sensitive element of both single- and three-layer design made entirely of hexaborides will possess a gigahertz counting rate and a detection efficiency exceeding 90%.
Материалы на основе твердых растворов халькогенидов висмута n-типа проводимости, полученные кристаллизацией расплава в жидкости
Authors: Иванова Л.Д. , Гранаткина Ю.В. , Мальчев А.Г. , Нихезина И.Ю. , Емельянов М.В. , Никулин Д.С.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe microstructure, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of samples of the n -type Bi_2Te_3–Bi_2Se_3 solid-solution samples containing 6, 8, and 10 mol % Bi_2Se_3, doped with antimony iodide, cadmium chloride, and hexabromobenzene, are investigated. The samples are formed by hot pressing and the extrusion of granules prepared by melt crystallization in a liquid and ground in a mortar, cutting mill, and ball mill. Measurements are performed at room temperature and in the range of 100–600 K. The formation conditions and compositions of materials with an ultimate compressive strength of ~250 MPa and thermoelectric efficiency of ( ZT )_max = (0.9–1.0) in the temperature range of 320–430 K are found.
Установка по измерению термоэлектрических свойств ультратонких проволок
Authors: Урюпин О.Н. , Шабалдин А.А.
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn experimental setup is developed to measure the thermoelectric properties of semiconductor nanowires with diameters of up to 5 nm in dielectric matrices. This setup makes it possible to measure the electrical resistance and thermoelectric power of nanostructured samples in the temperature range of 77–400 K.
Антиструктурные дефекты в полупроводниковых стеклах Ge-Te и Ge-As-Te
Authors: Марченко А.В. , Серегин П.П. , Теруков Е.И. , Шахович К.Б.
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe formation of antisite defects in Ge_20Te_80 and Ge_15As_4Te_81 vitreous alloys in the form of tin atoms in tellurium sites and tellurium atoms in germanium sites is shown by emission Mössbauer spectroscopy with the ^119 mm Sn(^119 m Sn), ^119 m Te(^119 m Sn), ^125Sn(^125Te), and ^125 m Te(^125Te) isotopes. It is shown that the isovalent substitution of germanium atoms by tin atoms does not vary the symmetry of the local surrounding of germanium sites, while tin and tellurium atoms reconstruct their local surrounding in sites unnatural for them.