bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of the KiSS1 gene with litter size in Cyprus and Iraqi black goats
Authors: Rahawy M. A. , AL-Mutar Hayder Abdul-Kareem
Published: August 2021

Aim: The study investigated the genetic polymorphism of the kisspeptin (KiSS1) gene and its relationship with litter size in Cyprus and Iraqi black goats.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples (n=124) were collected from the two goat breeds reared at the Agricultural Research-Ruminant Research Station Breeding Station, Baghdad, Iraq. Genomic DNA was isolated using a DNA extraction kit. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the KiSS1 gene. All PCR products were sequenced and samples were used for further analysis using NCBI-Blast online on the exon 1 (595 bp) region of the KiSS1 gene.

Results: The results of this study revealed a significantly (P<0.05) larger litter size of the Cyprus goat breed than in the Iraqi black goats in the first and second parity. Three (893G/C, 973C/A, and 979T/G) substitutions relative to the KiSS1 gene reference sequence (GenBank ID: J × 047312.1, KC989928.1) were identified. Only the mutation g893G>C was identified as a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with litter size. Furthermore, the average alleles in KiSS1 gene of both types of goats 0.567 and 0.3715 GG, were recorded. The genotyping at locus g893C>G was demonstrating domination of fecundity quality litter size, Both genotypes SNP of GC were classified at this marked region of KiSS1 gene.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the role of the KiSS1 gene in fecundity, revealing the status of this gene as an indicator in the assisted of caprine breeding selection.
Indonesia Emas Berkelanjutan 2045: Kumpulan Pemikiran Pelajar Indonesia Sedunia Seri 6 Kesehatan
Authors: Indarwati Ferika ,   School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Khairunnisa Kayla Zerlina ,   University of Nottingham, Hamas Firyaal Jihan Nibroos ,   Hubei University of Science and Technology, Ilahi Anita Kurnia ,   Sun Yat-Sen University, Wardati Fauchil ,   Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Huda Rida Nadiatul ,   Asian University for Women, sari Devi Permata ,   Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Sanjaya Prima ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Zam Zam Salsabillah ,   Hubei Polytechnic University, Anwar Sarah Ulfa ,   James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Wijayanti Esti Wulan ,   Xianning University
Published: August 2021

Seri Kesehatan ini secara holistik merujuk pada target ke-3 dalam SDGs, yaitu kehidupan sehat dan sejahtera, serta gagasan untuk mencapainya. Tiga tema besar yang dimuat dalam bunga rampai ini membahas perihal periode emas kehidupan, penanggulangan penyakit menular dan akibat gaya hidup, serta upaya mewujudkan sistem kesehatan berkelas dunia. Berbagai inovasi dibahas oleh para penulis dari segi sumber daya manusia, teknologi, dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Tidak lupa prinsip ketahanan nasional dalam segi kesehatan serta keadilan juga menjadi fokus pembahasan. Kehadiran buku ini diharapkan dapat mewujudkan sistem kesehatan Indonesia yang berkelas dunia, tangguh, berkeadilan, dan adaptif menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Harapannya setiap warga negara mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang paripurna di pelosok negeri tanpa memandang status. Temukan sumbangsih pemikiran dari perwakilan pelajar Indonesia di seluruh dunia terkait perlunya kesiapan dalam menghadapi tantangan kesehatan global di masa mendatang. Selamat membaca! “Buku ini dapat menjadi salah satu referensi untuk mencapai negara maju terkait dengan aspek-aspek yang tercakup dalam Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) dan disepakati untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup manusia di seluruh dunia.”
FRAILTY IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED QUALITY OF LIFE AND FALLS IN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER EUROPEAN MEN
Authors: O’CONNELL M.D.L. , TAJAR A. , O’NEILL T.W. , ROBERTS S.A. , LEE D.M. , PYE S.R. , SILMAN A.J. , FINN J.D. , BARTFAI G. , BOONEN S. , CASANUEVA F.F. , FORTI G. , GIWERCMAN A. , HAN T.S. , HUHTANIEMI I.T. , KULA K. , LEAN M.E.J. , PENDLETON N. , PUNAB M. , VANDERSCHUEREN D. , WU F.C.W.
Published: August 2021

Objectives:Adapt a measure of frailty for use in a cohort study of European men and explorerelationships with age, health related quality of life and falls. Design:Longitudinal cohort study. Setting:8European centers. Participants:3047 men aged 40-79 participating in the European Male Ageing Study (EMAS).Measurements: Frailty was assessed using an adaptation of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Healthrelated quality of life was evaluated using the Rand Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire which comprises bothmental and physical component scores. Self reported falls in the preceding 12 months were recorded at 2-yearfollow-up. Results:78 men (2.6%) were classified as frail (≥3 criteria) and 821 (26.9%) as prefrail (1-2 criteria).The prevalence of frailty increased from 0.1% in men aged 40-49 up to 6.8% in men aged 70-79. Compared torobust men, both prefrail and frail men had lower health related quality of life. Frailty was more stronglyassociated with the physical than mental subscales of the SF-36. Frailty was associated with higher risk of fallsOR (95% CI) 2.92 (1.52, 5.59). Conclusions:Frailty, assessed by the EMAS criteria, increased in prevalencewith age and was related to poorer health related quality of life and higher risk of falls in middle-aged and olderEuropean men. These criteria may help to identify a vulnerable subset of older men.
Development of Learning Media for Acehnese Culture Picture Books to Get to Know Local Culture in Early Childhood
Authors: Mutmainnah Mutmainnah , Nessa Rahmatun , Bukhari Bukhari , Farhana Mohd Radzif Nur , Kurniawati Rizki
Published: August 2021

Indonesia has so much cultural diversity. Culture is Indonesia’s national identity. Every culture cannot be separated from the cultural values of society in ancient times. This study intends to look at the development of picture book learning media with the theme of Acehnese culture to stimulate children to get to know the local culture. This study is commonly referred to as Research and Development (R&D). The type of data in this research and development consists of two types of data, qualitative data, and quantitative data. Researchers took qualitative data by conducting observation, interviews, and documentation for the quantitative data obtained from research respondents, including material experts, media experts, cultural experts, and users of learning media. The results of this study are: (1) The development of picture book media is designed using Corel Draw to design layouts, depict illustrations, smoothing using snape, printing and giving to content/material experts, media experts, and cultural experts to determine the feasibility of the designed media. (2) The results from the content experts get a percentage of 100%, media experts get a percentage of 96%, cultural experts get a percentage of 96%, small-scale trials are 3.9%, and large-scale trials are 4.6%. Finally, this research contributes to in-depth knowledge that picture book learning media with the theme of Acehnese culture can stimulate children to get to know the local culture.
Thermal Modelling and Multi Decision Making Optimization of EDM of Non Conductive SiC-CNT Ceramic Composite Used for Li-ion Battery and Sensor
Authors: Chaudhury Pallavi , Samantaray Sikata
Published: August 2021

In this research work the thermal modeling of a nonconductive Silicon carbide Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) machined by Die Sinking Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) has been done. Though SiC is a non-conductive material but the presence of CNT makes it a conductive material which can be machined with EDM. The modeling procedure carried out by considering some realistic approach like Gaussian heat Flux, Specific Discharge Energy, Variable Latent heat etc. For this analysis a 2D continuum has been designed as work domain. By simulating the work domain model by a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) Software (COMSOL), material removal rate (MRR) has been estimated with variable thermal properties. Parametric analysis of effect of Variable Specific heat on MRR by considering different current, Voltage and Pulse-On time has been performed. The effect of different input parameters (peak current and Pulse-on time) on Crater geometry has been done. A new concept of Specific discharge energy has been introduced during modelling to make it a more realistic model which can also be used as electrode support for electrochemical energy devices as Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells on Li-ion battery. Desirability analysis has been done to get an optimize set of input parameters for I= 3A, V=30V, Ton= 75 µs for machining ceramic matrix composite by EDM. The optimized MRR at this setting is 7.25 mm3/min whereas PFE is 87%. The experimental analysis has been also performed to strengthen the thermal and mathematical modelling.
Diabetes Surrounding Stigma: Conceptual Issues, Mechanisms Involved and Challenges
Authors: Pedrero Victor , Alonso Luz Marina , Manzi Jorge
Published: August 2021

La diabetes es una epidemia a nivel mundial. Los factores psicosociales han sido reconocidos como un elemento importante en el manejo y control de la enfermedad. El estigma aso-ciado a la diabetes ha emergido recientemente como un nuevo factor psicosocial que afecta negativamente la salud de los pacientes con diabetes. Sin embargo, la evidencia reciente en torno a este fenómeno aún no ha sido sintetizada. Esta revisión narrativa de literatura aborda: (i) elementos conceptuales y epidemiológicos que contribuyen a la comprensión del fenómeno y su magnitud; (ii) los factores psicosociales, conductuales y fisiológicos involucrados en la relación entre el estigma asociado a la diabetes y los resultados en salud en pacientes con la enfermedad; (iii) desafíos y posibles áreas de investigación.
Worldwide Overview of the Different COVID-19 Vaccine Platforms:A Review and Reflection on the Current Evidence
Authors: Liebisch-Rey Hans , Franco  Bustos Julieta , Salazar-Reggeti Rafael , Villalobos Pérez Julio Alejandro , Ramos Isaza Estefan , Correa  Vargas María  Alejandra , Silva  Amaro Alejandra  Cristina , Morales González Victoria Isabel , Barbosa Moreno Lorena , Rodrigues De Abreu Danny Angelo , Castañares Vitale Carlota , Celis Regalado Luis Gustavo
Published: August 2021

Las vacunas son productos biológicos que contienen antígenos que buscan generar protección frente a una exposición real al mismo. En cuanto a su importancia, constituyen de las intervenciones más costo-efectivas en salud pública, siendo superadas únicamente por el agua potable. A grandes rasgos, podemos dividir las vacunas en vivas atenuadas e inactivadas; no obstante, el nuevo coronavirus ha producido la emergencia de plataformas innovadoras que utilizan mecanismos intracelulares y moleculares con el mismo objetivo de generar inmunidad. Discusión Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos electrónicas PUBMED, SCOPUS y Web of Science. Todos los tipos de diseño de estudio fueron considerados, sin embargo, considerando los redactados en inglés o español. Se hace una revisión de la literatura presente sobre las plataformas existentes para generar inmunidad frente al coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 y se desarrolla cada una según su ruta y forma de acción en aquellas basadas en: subunidades proteicas, vector viral recombinante, ácidos nucleicos, virus inactivados, partículas virales y virus vivos atenuados. Conclusión Los mecanismos por los cuales dichas vacunas generan inmunogenicidad son diferentes, no obstante, la constante inserción de mutaciones por parte del virus siguen siendo un objeto de interés y preocupación por los investigadores. Palabras claves: SARS CoV-2, COVID-19, Vacunas, Mutagénesis.
Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of MTA Fillapex® Against Enterococcus Faecalis
Authors: Pupo Marrugo Stella , Alvear Pérez Javier , Del Río Rocha Daniel
Published: August 2021

Introducción: El objetivo final de la terapia endodóntica es la eliminación de microorganismos en el interior del conducto radicular. Algunas bacterias pueden sobrevivir a esta terapia; entre las comúnmente detectadas en fallas endodónticas se encuentra el E. faecalis. Los cementos biocerámicos se presentan como una alternativa eficiente en la terapia de endodoncia debido a su capacidad de sellado y sus propiedades antimicrobianas. Métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro, en el que se sembró la bacteria (E. faecalis) en una caja de Petri, se tomaron de 5 a 10 cepas y se disolvieron en caldo de Mueller Hinton, para luego depositar el inóculo más el cemento en diferentes concentraciones en una placa de 96 pozos y medir el nivel de absorbancia de cada muestra en un espectrofotómetro. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron las pruebas no paramétricas de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal Wallis. Resultados: Al comparar de dos en dos los datos obtenidos no se obtuvieron datos esta-dísticamente significativos, pero al comparar las diferentes concentraciones de ambos cementos se obtuvo que el cemento de Grossman al 2 % tiene mayor efecto antimicrobiano. Conclusión: No hay diferencia significativa en la actividad antimicrobiana del MTA Fillapex® y el cemento de Grossman contra el E. faecalis, pero al comparar el cemento de Grossman al 2 %, este tiene mayor efecto antimicrobiano en comparación con el mismo cemento a diversas concentraciones.
Influential Factors in Patients with Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus Type II
Authors: Viaña Bermúdez Fernando Antonio , Erazo Coronado Ana María , Crescente Pertúz Natalia , Mustafa Awadallah Amna , Rugeles Estupiñan Carolina
Published: August 2021

La enfermedad periodontal (EP) es un proceso multifactorial y progresivo que degenera en un tiempo determinado los tejidos alrededor de los dientes; esta se clasifica según su progresión en gingivitis y periodontitis, siendo la periodontitis la última y más agravante instancia de esta enfermedad. La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica e irreversible del metabolismo que afecta los niveles de azúcar del cuerpo; se clasifica en tipo I o insulinodependiente (más común en personas jóvenes), tipo II o no insulinodependiente (más común en personas adultas), y otra variedad conocida como diabetes gestacional (o del embarazo).Se cree que factores como estado socioeconómico, genética, tabaquismo y otras condiciones sistémicas tienen influencia en el control de la enfermedad periodontal y la diabetes, y se afirma que existe una relación bidireccional entre estas dos entidades. Este artículo de revisión pretende ser una herramienta de actualización para profesionales interesados en el tema. En la relación bidireccional que existe entre estas dos patologías hay una injerencia de ciertos factores como el tabaquismo; otras condiciones sistémicas como la obesidad y el embarazo; así como también algunas interacciones medicamentosas. La diabetes mellitus constituye un factor de riesgo para la periodontitis y, al mismo tiempo, el control metabólico de estos pacientes se hace difícil en presencia de periodontitis, poniendo de relieve no solo la relación entre estas dos entidades, sino la importancia de conocerla, con el fin de poder actuar dentro de un equipo interdisciplinario que conlleve a unos mejores resultados en salud para los pacientes afectados.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPORT OF DAIRY MILK (CASE STUDY: THE IMPORT OF DAIRY MILK IN INDONESIA)
Authors: Budiraharjo Kustopo , Raharjo Budi , Solikhin Solikhin
Published: August 2021

The supply of fresh dairy milk in the country (SSDN) has not been able to meet the needs of domestic dairy milk consumption so that the fulfillment of dairy milk consumption needs is also done byimporting dairy milk. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence milk imports in Indonesia.The research method uses quantitative analysis techniques, namely multiple linear regression. This research was conducted in Indonesia using secondary data from 2006-2016 obtained at the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Agriculture and other literature related to research. Research variables include exchange rates, GDP per capita, milk exports, and milk production. The results showed that variables GDP per capita, milk exports, and milk production have positive influence. Meanwhile, exchange rate has negative influence for milk imports.
FARMER SATISFACTION ANALYSIS ON RICE FARMING INSURANCE PROGRAM IN TEGAL REGENCY
Authors: Syah Mirza Andrian , Mukson Mukson , Roessali Wiludjeng
Published: August 2021

Farmers satisfaction in joining Rice Farming Insurance illustrates the program performance. The satisfaction of Rice Farming Insurance program can be measured through some attributes of satisfaction. Satisfaction attributes are assessed ranging from dissatisfied to very satisfied. This research aimed to determine the level of farmer satisfaction on Rice Farming Insurance program. This research was conducted in January – February 2020. Slovin method used for sampling method with total sample of 100 respondent, consist of 53 respondents were taken in Dukuhwaru District and 47 respondents were taken in Warureja District using proportional allocation. Locations in this research was choose with purposive method. Importance Performance Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Index were used to analyze. The result showed that Farmers were satisfied with the implementation of the Rice Farming Insurance program with CSI score of 79%. The attributes that need to be improved are the compensation requirements, the amount of coverage, the submission procedure, reviewing, and payment procedure of claims, and the time of approval and payment of claims. Those attributes were considered important by farmers yet still have low performance.
Dharma jako praktyczne studium umierania. Przyczynek do studiów nad podstawami mistyki buddyjskiej
Authors: Kosior Krzysztof
Published: August 2021

Inspired by the Platonic defi nition of philosophy as preparation for death, the author sketches the way indicated by the Buddha (dharma) as an action aimed at ending the elementary circumstances of life. In addition, he tries to show that despite interpretative controversy and changing cultural context, this action is reproduced in the history of Buddhism. So it has solid, unchanging foundations. To make his reasoning clear, the author explains the key concepts present in Buddhist doctrine: dharma, kamma (karman) and skilful means (upaya kauśalya).
Dōgena Fukan zazengi jako tekst ujawniający istotne rysy buddyjskiej praktyki
Authors: Trochonowicz Robert
Published: August 2021

The aim of this article is the presentation and relatively detailed analysis of the text written by the medieval monk Dogen entitled Fukan zazengi. This is one of the most important religious scriptures in the history of Japanese Buddhism and Buddhism in general, constituting the basic instructional manual within the wide Mahayana current. In the article I present the author’s view, which boils down to emphasizing the importance of independent meditation practice based on examples of former masters. At the same time, I emphasize the fi nal mystery of the actual practice itself and Dogen’s advice to reject the understanding of religious practice in terms of profi t and loss. The paper also touches the problem occurring within two versions of the discussed meditation instruction. The diff erences in the two texts are twofold, on the one hand, more or less signifi cant corrections throughout the whole text and on the other hand one fundamental change that determines the core of religious practice, which is, after all, a sine qua non of Buddhism. As I will try to prove, this change, contrary to appearances, is not as revolutionary as it might seem and both versions reveal the same secret of sitting meditation.
El texto de El ser sobrenatural como contexto próximo para entender la noología, la metafísica y la visión de Dios sobre Zubiri
Authors: Niziński Rafał S.
Published: August 2021

The philosophy of Xavier Zubiri is recognized as one of the most diffi cult to understand because there is something unclear in it. Therefore one may guess that there is a hidden presumption done by Zubiri. Zubiri in the self-presentation of his philosophical backgrounds acknowledges that his philosophy owes most to the phenomenology of Husserl and metaphysics of Heidegger. He also admits of being infl uenced by Aristotle to a certain degree. Zubiri starts his analyses from perception of things, with which he fulfi lls phenomenological requirement of beginning philosophy with the description of reality. As the fi nal step he ads metaphysics, which explains the description of reality. Following this code of interpretation of Zubiri’s philosophy it is difficult to grasp its core meaning. What is this hidden supposition? In The Supernatural Being: God and Deifi cation in Saint Paul’s Theology, which he wrote in the 30s’ and 40s’ of the 20th century, Zubiri presents early Christian Neoplatonic theology. In the same work Zubiri also states that it is possible to discover the same ideas following the way up, i.e. departing from the creatures and ascending to God. And this will be the hidden supposition of his philosophy. This paper tries to show the philosophy of Zubiri can be understood as a kind of proof that the Neoplatonic vision of the reality presented in The Supernatural Being: God and Deifi cation in Saint Paul’s Theology is true and can be discovered by reason alone, i.e. departing only from description of facts.
Myśl Wincentego Granata wobec problemów współczesności
Authors: Majchrzak Jakub
Published: August 2021

The aim of the article is to present relevance of the personalistic Granat’s thought in the context of contemporary social challenges. In the article, I analyze the topic of Christian humanism in Granat’s thought. I point out that he saw the sources of this concept in man’s aspirations to learn the full truth about himself. Granat saw the final answer to these desires in the relation of man and the sense of his existence to the person of Christ. I also consider Granat’s opinion about the role of the Catholic church today. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that Granat clearly emphasized the deep spiritual and apostolic dimension of the Church, pointing out that the Church is above all the Mystical Body of Christ. Therefore, the fundamental task of the Church is to unite God’s children around Christ. The Church also has a duty to proclaim to man that he cannot understand himself without Christ. The Church accomplishes these goals by administering the sacraments and moderating interreligious dialogue. I consider the issue of peace in his philosophical refl ection as well. According to Granat the source of peace is God. Man drawing his strength from his closeness with God can contribute to peace through mutual respectful relationships. At the state level the key role is played by the concern of each country for the common good and international cooperation in this field. In conclusion, I formulate summarizing remarks.
The Panoply of Challenges Facing International Criminal Justice: The United Kingdom’s Response to Defining and Responding to Terrorism
Authors: Singh Charanjit
Published: August 2021

Crimes such as terrorism pose some of the biggest postmodern challenges faced by criminal justice systems worldwide. How systems react and prevent such crime raises numerous legal, political and strategic issues i.e. cross-jurisdictional collaboration, policing and the erosion of civil liberties such as privacy. In this article, taking inspiration from criminological theory, two criminal justice challenges that are posed by terrorism are explored from the United Kingdom’s perspective: the international definition of terrorism including the factors that impede a common definition from being established and the domestic response to define, prevent and prosecute this crime. The aim of, and originality in, this article is to explore the criminal justice challenge facing the United Kingdom in balancing complex and competing interests when effectively responding to terror crime.
S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide mitigates histopathological damage, alleviate oxidative stress and promotes immunomodulation in diabetic rats
Authors: Lemos Licyanne Ingrid C. , Medeiros Matheus Anselmo , Lima João Paulo M.S. , Teixeira Tatiane O. , Figueiredo Camila Alexandrina , Farias Naisandra B.S. , Silva Flavio S. , Abreu Bento João , Medeiros Karina Carla P. , Pedrosa Lucia Fatima C.
Published: August 2021

Objectives

S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCS) is a hydrophilic cysteine-containing natural compound found in plants and is known to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. We investigated the antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of SMCS, as well as histopathological changes in the liver and pancreas in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods

The rats were divided into the following groups: control (CG), comprising non-diabetic rats; STZ-DB, comprising STZ-induced diabetic rats; and STZ-SMCS, comprising STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with SMCS. SMCS (200 mg/kg) was administered by gavage daily for 30 days. Biochemical and cytokine analyses, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities assays and histopathological analysis of liver and pancreas tissues were performed.

Results

SMCS treatment reduced glycemia (p<0.05), decreased triglyceride (p<0.01) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels (p<0.01), and increased SOD and CAT activity in the liver (both p<0.01) compared with STZ-DB group. Higher activity values of IL-10 were observed in the STZ-SMCS group than in the other groups (p<0.001). Liver glycogen was significantly improved in the STZ-SMCS group compared with the STZ-DB group. SMCS also ameliorated damage to pancreatic islets, which resulted in restoration of their morphology.

Conclusions

Oral treatment of SMCS showed improvement of the morphological alterations in liver and pancreatic islet in diabetic rats. These beneficial morphological effects of SMCS can be partially explained by IL-10 modulation associated with antioxidant action.
The effect of GnRH stimulation on AMH regulation in central precocious puberty and isolated premature thelarche
Authors: Sahin Nursel Muratoglu , Ozcan H. Nursun , Yilmaz Aslihan Arasli , Erdeve Senay Savas , Cetinkaya Semra , Aycan Zehra
Published: August 2021

Objectives

There is a complex interaction between the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) and hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. However, the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation on AMH levels is not clearly known. In the study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of GnRH stimulation on AMH levels in central precocious puberty (CPP) and isolated premature thelarche (PT) groups.

Methods

Sixty-three girls with breast development before the age of 8 were enrolled in the study. GnRH test was performed on all subjects. Blood samples for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and AMH levels were taken at basal, 40th, and 90th minute of GnRH test. Subjects were grouped as CPP and PT group.

Results

After GnRH stimulation, AMH levels increased significantly at the 40th minute and the stimulating effect of GnRH on AMH continued till the 90th minute (p: 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between basal and 90th-minute AMH levels (r: 479, p: 0.0001). The highest FSH, LH, and AMH times were significantly different after the GnRH stimulation (p: 0.001, p: 0.001, and p: 0.007). Although the CPP group had a lower basal AMH level than the PT group’s basal AMH level; AMH response to GnRH stimulation was not different (p>0.05).

Conclusions

In our study, which examined the effect of GnRH stimulation on AMH levels in early pubertal development disorders for the first time, GnRH stimulated AMH secretion rapidly, correlated with basal AMH. Basal AMH levels were lower in patients with CPP than in those with PT; however, the effect of GnRH stimulation on AMH levels was similar in both groups.
Long noncoding RNA XIST knockdown relieves the injury of microglia cells after spinal cord injury by sponging miR-219-5p
Authors: Zhong Xueren , Bao Yongzheng , Wu Qiang , Xi Xinhua , Zhu Wengang , Chen Sanmei , Liao Junjian
Published: August 2021

Long noncoding RNAs have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we aimed to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in SCI progression. SCI mice model was constructed and evaluated by the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan method. The SCI cell model was constructed by treating BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The levels of XIST and miR-219-5p were determined by the reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The concentrations of inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein levels were measured via western blot assay. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The relationship between XIST and miR-219-5p was analyzed by online tool starBase, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. As a result, the XIST level was enhanced and the miR-219-5p level was declined in the SCI mice model. XIST was also upregulated in LPS-induced BV2 cells. LPS treatment restrained BV2 cell viability and accelerated apoptosis and inflammatory response. XIST knockdown effectively weakened LPS-induced BV2 cell injury. miR-219-5p was identified as a target of XIST. Moreover, inhibition of miR-219-5p restored the impacts of XIST knockdown on cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation in LPS-treated BV2 cells. In addition, LPS-induced XIST promoted the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway by sponging miR-219-5p. In conclusion, XIST silencing promoted microglial cell viability and repressed apoptosis and inflammation by sponging miR-219-5p, thus promoting the recovery of SCI.
H

s
-Boundedness of a class of Fourier Integral Operators
Authors: Aid Omar Farouk , Senoussaoui Abderrahmane
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we define a particular class of Fourier Integral Operators (FIO for short). These FIO turn out to be bounded on the spaces S (ℝ
n
) of rapidly decreasing functions (or Schwartz space) and S′ (ℝ
n
) of temperate distributions. Results about the composition of FIO with its L
2-adjoint are proved. These allow to obtain results about the continuity on the Sobolev Spaces.
A new two-parameter lifetime distribution with flexible hazard rate function: Properties, applications and different method of estimations
Authors: Hashempour Majid
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new two-parameter lifetime distribution which is called extended Half-Logistic (EHL) distribution. Theoretical properties of this model including the hazard function, quantile function, asymptotic, extreme value, moments, conditional moments, mean residual life, mean past lifetime, residual entropy, cumulative residual entropy and order statistics are derived and studied in details. The maximum likelihood estimates of parameters are compared with various methods of estimations by conducting a simulation study. Finally, two real data sets are illustration the purposes.
Simulations of nonlinear parabolic PDEs with forcing function without linearization
Authors: Tahir Shko Ali , Sari Murat
Published: August 2021

This paper aims at producing numerical solutions of nonlinear parabolic PDEs with forcing term without any linearization. Since the linearization of nonlinear term leads to lose real features, without doing linearization, this paper focuses on capturing natural behaviour of the mechanism. Therefore we concentrate on analysis of the physical processes without losing their properties. To carry out this study, a backward differentiation formula in time and a spline method in space have been combined in leading to the discretized equation. This method leads to a very reliable alternative in solving the problem by conserving the physical properties of the nature. The efficiency of the present method are proved theoretically and illustrated by various numerical tests.
A relationship between the category of chain MV-algebras and a subcategory of abelian groups
Authors: Pajoohesh Homeira
Published: August 2021

The category of MV-algebras is equivalent to the category of abelian lattice ordered groups with strong units. In this article we introduce the category of circled abelian groups and prove that the category of chain MV-algebras is isomorphic with the category of chain circled abelian groups. In the last section we show that the category of chain MV-algebras is a subcategory of abelian cyclically ordered groups.
Limitation Clauses and Constitutional Transformation: The Case of the New Arab Constitutions
Authors: Porras-Gómez Antonio-Martín
Published: August 2021

Focusing on the constitutional changes undergone since 2005 in Iraq, Sudan, Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt, this article explains how the constitutional limitation clauses affected the respective material constitutional transformations. The explanatory value of the limitation clauses is tested, with possible causalities (as well as non-causal relations) explored through a case study. Generalizing research arguments are offered, theorizing about the material constitutional transformation processes in authoritarian and post-authoritarian scenarios. The research arguments shed light on the limitation clauses’ potential to reveal the policy intent underlying the constituent power, as well as their negative implications for a proper democratic consolidation, their effects in keeping dynamics of political immobilism, and their consequences in terms of favouring instances of authoritarian regression.
Crystal structure of [6,6′-((1E,1′E)-(propane-1,3- diylbis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene)) bis(3-chlorophenol)-κ
4
N,N′,O,O′] copper(II), C17H14Cl2CuN2O2
Authors: Wei Baiying , Cao Chenzhong
Published: August 2021

C17H14Cl2CuN2O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 22.743(4) Å, b = 8.0434(15) Å, c = 8.9388(17) Å, V = 1630.8(5) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0376, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0997, T = 296(2) K.
Elemental composition of dust aerosols near cement plants based on the study of samples of the solid phase of the snow cover
Authors: Volodina Daria A. , Talovskaya Anna V. , Devyatova Anna Yu. , Edelev Alexey V. , Yazikov Egor G.
Published: August 2021

This study is focused on the quantification of dust load on snow cover and chemical elements content in the solid phase of snow cover in the impacted areas of cement plants (the south of Western Siberia). Applying the instrumental neutron activation analysis, we identified chemical composition in the samples of the solid phase of snow cover. The results demonstrated that the dust load corresponded to the permissible pollution levels in the living zones. Dust pollution level varied from moderately hazardous to highly hazardous in the north-western impacted zone of the cement plants and raw material open pits. It was found that the predominant chemical element is Ca, as well as a group of rare-earth (Yb, Tb, Sm, La, Ce, etc.) elements in the solid phase of snow cover from the impacted zone of the cement plants.
Review of piston reactors for the production of chemicals
Authors: Ashok Anchu , Katebah Mary Anna , Linke Patrick , Kumar Dharmesh , Arora Dhruv , Fischer Kai , Jacobs Timothy , Al-Rawashdeh Ma’moun
Published: August 2021

To explore options for simple, safe, and compact chemical reactors that preserve wanted metastable initial products from sequential unwanted reactions, academic and industrial researchers have tried to repurpose reciprocating piston equipment or an “engine-like” design to be used as a chemical reactor. Piston reactors offer the benefit of achieving very high temperature and pressure conditions at very short and defined residence times. Such conditions offer promise for enhanced performance for several chemical conversions. This paper provides a review of the published literature and patents in the field of piston reactors to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art. The review covers multiple aspects of piston reactors and their applications, reactor design options and their operation, catalyst and ignition placement, tested reactions, experimental setups as well as modeling and simulation. Several research gaps are highlighted as a motivation for future research in the field. To help interested readers into the topic, basic concepts and fundamentals of piston reactors are provided.
Phonology to the rescue: Nez Perce morphology revisited
Authors: Kiparsky Paul
Published: August 2021

Minimalist Morphology predicts that allomorphy is conditioned inward and locally, and that the domains of morphosyntactically and phonologically conditioned allomorphy selection are identical. Amy Rose Deal and Matthew Wolf have put forward two cases of allomorphy in Nez Perce that appear to be conditioned by an outward phonological context. I present an analysis of Nez Perce morphology and phonology which supports the conclusion that the first case is not outward-conditioned, and the second case is not allomorphy but phonology.
Dissimilar Welding of Cast Alloy 706 with Different Prior Heat Treatment Conditions and Austenitic Stainless Steel 321
Authors: Manikandan S. G. K. , Baliram Patil Tejas , Kamaraj M.
Published: August 2021

The welding of dissimilar joints is most common in the aerospace applications, especially, cast nickel-based superalloys are welded with austenitic stainless steel for high-temperature service conditions. It is well known that heat-affected zone (HAZ) cracking is a common phenomenon while welding age-hardened alloy 706. In this study, an alloy equivalent to cast alloy 706 subjected to three different heat treatment cycles and was welded with annealed austenitic stainless steel 321. The HAZ on the alloy 706 was investigated, and it was found that the HAZ of alloy 706 that underwent stabilization heat treatment was free from microfissures. The fusion zone microstructures were also investigated. The mechanical properties were evaluated, and it was found that the alloy 706 welded in stabilized and age-hardened condition furnished better mechanical properties than in both room temperature and elevated temperature.
Reference values for IGF-I serum concentration in an adult population: use of the VARIETE cohort for two new immunoassays
Authors: Sabbah Nadia , Wolf Peter , Piedvache Céline , Trabado Séverine , Verdelet Tristan , Cornu Catherine , Souberbielle Jean-Claude , Chanson Philippe
Published: August 2021

Objective

Measurement of IGF-I is important in the management of patients with growth hormone disorders. Here we aim to establish normative data for two new IGF-I assay kits based on a large random sample of the French general adult population.

Subjects and methods

We measured IGF-I in 911 healthy adults (18–90 years) with two immunoassays (ROCHE Elecsys® and IMMULITE-2000 calibrated against the new IS 02/2547). We compared the data with those of the six immunoassays (iSYS, LIAISON XL, IMMULITE-2000 calibrated against the first IS 87/518, IGF-I RIACT, Mediagnost ELISA, and Mediagnost RIA) that we reported previously. The pairwise concordance among the eight assays was assessed with Bland–Altman plots for both the IGF-1 raw data and the standard deviation scores (SDS), as well as with the percentage of observed agreement and the weighted Kappa coefficient for categorizing IGF-I SDS (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01831648).

Results

The normative data included the range of values (2.5–97.5 percentiles) given by the two new IGF-I assays according to age group and sex. A formula for the SDS calculation is provided. As for the previous six assays, the lower limits of the reference intervals of the two new assays were similar, but the upper limits varied markedly. The pairwise concordances were only moderate (kappa 0.57).

Conclusions

Data obtained for these two new IGF-I immunoassays confirm that despite being obtained in the same large healthy population, the reference intervals of the eight commercial IGF-1 assay kits showed noteworthy differences. The agreement among the various methods was moderate to good.
More than a decade of real-world experience of pegvisomant for acromegaly: ACROSTUDY
Authors: Fleseriu Maria , Führer-Sakel Dagmar , van der Lely Aart J , De Marinis Laura , Brue Thierry , van der Lans-Bussemaker Joli , Hey-Hadavi Judith , Camacho-Hubner Cecilia , Wajnrajch Michael P , Valluri Srinivas Rao , Palladino Andrew Anthony , Gomez Roy , Salvatori Roberto
Published: August 2021

Objective

To report the final long-term safety and efficacy analyses of patients with acromegaly treated with pegvisomant from the ACROSTUDY.

Design

Global (15 countries), multicentre, non-interventional study (2004–2017).

Methods

The complete ACROSTUDY cohort comprised patients with acromegaly, who were being treated with pegvisomant (PEGV) prior to the study or at enrolment. The main endpoints were long-term safety (comorbidities, adverse events (AEs), pituitary tumour volumes, liver tests) and efficacy (IGF1 changes).

Results

Patients (n = 2221) were treated with PEGV for a median of 9.3 years (range, 0–20.8 years) and followed up for a median of 7.4 years (range, 0–13.9 years). Before PEGV, 96.3% had received other acromegaly treatments (surgery/radiotherapy/medications). Before PEGV treatment, 87.2% of patients reported comorbidities. During ACROSTUDY, 5567 AEs were reported in 56.5% of patients and of these 613 were considered treatment-related (in 16.5% of patients) and led to drug withdrawal in 1.3%. Pituitary imaging showed a tumour size increase in 7.1% of patients; the majority (71.1%) reported no changes. Abnormal AST or ALT liver tests occurred in 3.2% of patients. IGF1 normalization rate improved over time, increasing from 11.4% at PEGV start to 53.7% at year 1, and reaching 75.4% at year 10 with the use of ≥30 mg PEGV/day in an increasing proportion of patients.

Conclusion

This comprehensive review of the complete cohort in ACROSTUDY confirmed the overall favourable benefit-to-risk profile and high efficacy of PEGV as mono- and combination therapy in patients with an aggressive course/uncontrolled/active acromegaly requiring long-term medical therapy for control.
Eco-innovation performance in Slovakia: Assessment based on ABC analysis of eco-innovation indicators
Authors: Loučanová Erika , Nosáľová Martina
Published: August 2021

The development of the global economy is accompanied by growing environmental pollution, which has led to a change in attitudes and a need to promote sustainability. Modern innovation policy is becoming increasingly environmentally oriented. The purpose of this paper was to estimate the current situation of eco-innovation’s development in Slovakia. Eco-innovation Index analysis results showed that, in general, Slovakia is in the group of countries that are moderate innovators, with an innovation performance below the European Union average. Eco-innovation generally positively influences the environmental, economic, and social growth of companies that gradually adopt sustainable development. Therefore, it is convenient to identify the eco-innovative performance of Slovakia as well as to analyze the critical issues, which may also influence the desired positive development of eco-innovation in the future.
Co-liquefaction of Shengli lignite and Salix psammophila in a sub/super-critical water-ethanol system
Authors: Liu Yuling , Wang Kebing , Zhong Yuan , Wang Xue
Published: August 2021

The co-liquefaction of Shengli lignite and Salix psammophila was used to produce the bio-oil with sub/super-critical water-ethanol as the reaction medium in a WHF-0.1 stainless steel autoclave. The effects of experimental conditions including reaction temperature, holding time, the ratio of S. lignite to S. psammophila, and addition of catalyst were investigated. NaOH is most beneficial to co-liquefaction of S. lignite and S. psammophila. The characteristics of bio-oil and solid residue under the best conditions were determined, and the chemical compositional analysis of bio-oil was done using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the solid residue after the liquefaction. The melting degree of S. lignite in co-liquefaction residue was deeper than that in L-residue, which showed there is a synergic effect between S. lignite and S. psammophila in co-liquefaction.
НАПРЯМИ ПРОТИДІЇ ЧИННИКАМ ДЕСТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ У СВІТОВОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ДІЛОВОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ: УРОКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ЄФИМЕНКО Тетяна
Published: August 2021

Для подолання явищ структурної незбалансованості й непорівнянних диспропорцій між нагромадженням і споживанням, між доходами і витратами на макро- і мікрорівнях та ін. підойми державного управління варто орієнтувати на якнайшвидше відновлення параметрів економіки до передкризового рівня. У період посилення стійкості та відновлення світового господарства після кризи COVID-19 надзвичайно актуальною буде координація на наднаціональному рівні зусиль щодо управління, організації та підприємництва, спрямованих на протидію загрозам дестабілізації. Для цього нами ідентифіковано визнані чинники дестабілізації світового господарства, обґрунтовано пріоритетні напрями протидії загрозам рівновазі в сучасному просторі ділової активності, що набувають критичного значення для відновлення економіки України. Для цього використано такі методи: просторово-часового ситуаційного аналізу та синтезу; порівняння динаміки статистичних макроекономічних показників; абстрактно-логічного, системного підходу при здійсненні теоретичних узагальнень, обґрунтуванні детермінант і формулюванні висновків дослідження.Для реалізації завдань стійкого розширеного відтворення національного репродуктивного виробничого потенціалу протидія чинникам порушення ринкової рівноваги має відбуватися здебільшого в превентивному режимі щодо явищ стагнації, депресії тощо. Необхідно дотримуватися правил комплаєнсу принципів сталого розвитку відповідно до ухвалених світовою спільнотою соціальних і гуманітарних цілей людства та шляхів їх досягнення.При розробленні тих чи інших рівнів міцності й ступеня адаптивності карантинних обмежень в Україні необхідно орієнтуватися на найкращий світовий досвід. Пріоритетами національної економіки на довгострокову перспективу є: гарантування безпеки країни; стимулювання розвитку інновацій та зовнішнього товарообміну, що потребує збільшення податкових надходжень до бюджету; залучення інвестицій; створення нових робочих місць і максимальна підтримка всіх форм підприємництва.
ДЕРЖАВА І РИНОК В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНОЇ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ: БОРОТЬБА ПРОТИЛЕЖНОСТЕЙ ЧИ СИНЕРГІЯ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ?
Authors: ШАРОВ Олександр
Published: August 2021

Держава, ринок і глобалізація – це три поняття, взаємний зв'язок і вплив яких можна відстежити протягом практично всього часу їх існування. Можливо, що, як стверджують деякі дослідники-антропологи, у первісних суспільствах економіка не базувалася на ринкових відносинах, але становлення інститутів ринку неможливе без захисту з боку влади (державної або, принаймні, квазідержавної) і навіть більше того – без прямого креативного втручання державної влади. При цьому, однак, слід ураховувати, що в умовах глобалізації відбуваються зміни як у суті держави, так і в тих завданнях, які вона повинна вирішувати. Інколи лунають твердження про ерозію або відмирання національної держави, які поки що не відповідають дійсності. Звісно, політичний та економічний розвиток суспільства вносить свої корективи, однак такі функції, як захист від економічної агресії, законодавче забезпечення добросовісної конкуренції, участь у великих проектах, що не можуть бути здійснені приватним бізнесом, залишаються незмінними по суті, хоча і змінюються за формою – в першу чергу під впливом процесів інтернаціоналізації.Таким чином, можна констатувати, що роль держави в економіці не зменшується, а, радше, збільшується за рахунок модернізації та інтернаціоналізації її функцій. Значення має не кількість, а якість. Але й переоцінювати роль держави, в усьому покладатися на уряд і державних менеджерів теж не варто. Необхідно чітко визначитися з тим, яку саме державу будує країна, і з огляду на це впроваджувати відповідну економічну політику належними методами та інструментами.