bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern practices of kunachestvo and good neighborliness in the South of Russia
Authors: Sokolova Alla Nikolaevna
Published: April 2024

Modern practices of establishing good neighborly relations between the people of the South of Russia, implemented through festival projects and various social and cultural events organized by leaders of public organizations and representatives of government structures, are revealed. It is shown how the festival "Peace to the Caucasus", which started in 1996, influenced the establishment of a peaceful dialogue between representatives of Ingushetia and Ossetia, between artists of professional groups from all over the South of Russia; psychologically set people up for general civil unity and a positive attitude towards each other. The expansion of the content of the Festival, the inclusion of exhibitions of arts and crafts and demonstrations "Podvoriy" also allowed to expand the composition of festival participants, to include amateur groups and soloists in its programs. The issues of choosing the locations of festivals, their financing, established traditions and the gradual expansion of the geography of participants are discussed. At the same time, the presence of certain problems associated with the lack of new "life-giving forces" aimed at achieving the general goal of establishing peace and harmony in the South of Russia is emphasized. Other practices of kunakry between creative teams and their leaders (Viktor Zakharchenko and Aslan Nekhay) are also shown, as well as examples of promoting initiatives aimed at highlighting the facts of good neighborliness and cooperation. These include the Kunaki documentary film festival and the Kunachestvo project, implemented by the Ministry for Cooperation with Civil Society Institutions and Ethnic Affairs of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The study used a content analysis of information from open sources and expert interviews on the spectrum of reflection and application in the modern culture of the North Caucasus and the South of Russia of the creative potential of the practices of kunakry and good neighborliness
Major trends in the development of modern fiber art in China
Authors: Zhang Chao
Published: April 2024

With the strengthening of cultural exchanges with the international community, China's contemporary fiber art has been developing rapidly. This reveals certain problems that need to be investigated and solved. The subject of the article is the development process of Chinese contemporary fiber art, to clarify the role that China's International Fiber Art Biennale "From Lausanne to Beijing" has played in the development of Chinese contemporary fiber art. The purpose of this article is as follows: to determine the role of innovative technology in the development of the art field; to trace the influence of how the development of forms and materials of Chinese contemporary fiber art affects the artists' forms of creativity; to make a comparison between the current situations of fiber art in China and foreign countries in order to identify the immediate development prospect in this field. To achieve this goal, the scientific methods of historical analysis, comparative analysis, case studies and content analysis were used to explore the development of contemporary fiber art in China and its future trends. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of the International Fiber Art Biennale from Lausanne to Beijing on the development of contemporary fiber art in China, exploring the role of innovative technology in the art field and how the development of contemporary fiber art forms and materials has influenced artists' creative forms. Вy comparing the current situation of fiber art in China and abroad, this study reveals the development prospects of fiber art in China. The analysis of this area suggests that with the deepening of artistic exchanges at home and abroad, the market and collection of Chinese fiber art will gradually take shape, providing more opportunities for artists to display and develop, and promoting Chinese fiber art to the world stage.
Conceptual approaches to the design of advertising and information support for the exhibition of contemporary art
Authors: Sonina Olga Eduardovna
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the principles of the artistic organization of advertising and information support for international periodical exhibition projects of contemporary art of the XX-XXI centuries, the development of which is due to a wide range of artistic practices and the search for effective and dynamic means of communication with the audience. The object of research is the media of information about the exhibition project - printed materials, outdoor advertising, digital media, information content of the exhibition environment. The purpose of this article is a comprehensive analysis of conceptual approaches to the design of advertising and information support for modern Russian and foreign periodic exhibition projects. The periodicity allows us to trace the dynamics of the transformation of individual elements of the exhibition design, their relationship with the ideological content of exhibitions, to identify expressive means and artistic and imaginative solutions for the design of advertising and information support, to identify general cultural factors influencing its formation. In order to reproduce the holistic development of the advertising and information support of the biennale, the article uses a systematic approach, formal stylistic and comparative methods. The analysis of the elements of the graphic design of the international exhibition systems and the Ural Industrial Biennale of Modern Art made it possible to identify the specifics of the exhibition identity, the connection with the conceptual content and organizational structure of the projects. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the development of the design of advertising and information support, as a synthetic activity, is due to the constant creative search for new conceptual content of the exhibition and the rethinking of compositional means of graphic design of media about the project, experiments with new materials that involve visitors in a discussion about the nature of modern art.
Myth and reality in the work of Italian neorealists
Authors: Popova Liana Vladimirovna
Published: April 2024

The object of research is Italian neorealism of the 1940-1950s. The subject of research is the work of neorealist directors Roberto Rossellini, Cesare Zavattini, Giuseppe de Santis, Vittorio de Sica, Alberto Latuada. Features of neorealism are also inherent in the early work of directors Luchino Visconti («Obsession» 1943, «Earth Trembles» 1948), Federico Fellini («The Road» 1954, «Nights of Cabiria» 1957), Piero Paolo Pasolini («Accatone» 1961, «Mama Roma» 1962), Michelangelo Antonioni «People from the Po River» 1947). Neorealism develops under the influence of French poetic realism, as well as, under the influence of verism, especially, the work of L. Pirandello. The focus of the neorealists was a person in interaction with society, the environment. The purpose of this study is to consider the features of realism and neorealism, to consider the space created by directors. This study uses various research methods - phenomenological, intertextual, comparative, hermeneutic, content analysis in their combination and complementarity. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the opposition of mythological and real space in the films of Italian directors, as well as in the application of an integrated approach. The main conclusion of this study is the thesis that myth and reality in the work of Italian neorealists interact with each other. Despite the documentary approach to filming, neorealists create their own, special reality, turn to history and myth. The concept of "neorealism" is quite complex, many of its representatives called themselves realists. The focus of neorealism becomes a person in interaction with society, with the environment. As the principles of neorealism, one can single out chorality, that is, the interaction of people. A separate feature of neorealism is the appeal to fantasy. F. Fellini and M. Antonioni open a new chapter in the history of Italian cinema.
The application of retroactive force of the criminal law in relation to the crime of genocide: international and national aspects
Authors: Bagandova Leila Zakirovna
Published: April 2024

The subject of this study is genocide as a crime against the peace and security of mankind. The author raises the problem of the possibility of applying the retroactive force of the criminal law to an act of this kind, despite the absence of such a provision in article 10 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to issues of international law, as well as judicial precedents related to the consideration of disputes on this issue. Considering the latter, the author subjects them to a deep systematic analysis for the possibility of initiating criminal proceedings and investigating crimes subject to qualification as genocide within the framework of the current criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The role of the International Military Tribunal for War Criminals of the European Axis Countries (Nuremberg Tribunal) in the formulation and subsequent consolidation of the norm of genocide is emphasized.  In his research, the author uses such methods as historical, systemic, formal legal, comparative, as well as methods of analysis, deduction and formal logic. The author's special contribution to the consideration of this issue is the study of the historical and philosophical foundations, the moral and ethical side of giving retroactive force to the norms on genocide both from the point of view of international and from the point of view of national criminal law. The main result of the study is the author's conclusion about the possibility of applying the Genocide Convention retrospectively, as well as the need to consolidate in the legislation of the Russian Federation the provision on the need to make the criminal law retroactive in relation to crimes against the peace and security of mankind by amending part 2 of Article 10 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Expanding the definition of this norm would also simplify criminal procedural activities in the context of initiating criminal cases on these circumstances and their investigation.
Comparative study of event-related potential responses within syllables of intra and inter phoneme classes
Authors: Chand Choudhary Ramesh , Patel Bhoopendra , Kumar Umesh , Kachhawa Minal , Sharma Mrinal , Dube Amitabh
Published: April 2024

The present study was carried out to assess the signature neural dynamics as evinced through event-related potential (ERP) responses of the P300 waveform across different inter and intra phoneme consonant classes and to quantify the differential neural dynamical response in real-time. The ERP responses to non-sense three-syllable consonantvowel transitions CVCVCV non-words were recorded on 26 healthy individuals of either sex with an age group of 18–25 years. The first syllable of the non-sense word was always fixed, and the ERP responses of the middle syllable were recorded at the phoneme level, and the ERP responses elicited by the middle syllable were evaluated. The results of the present study documented that different consonant phoneme classes (plosives, fricatives, affricatives, liquids, and nasals) elicited differential neural dynamical responses as observed through the P300 waveform response, exhibiting a significant difference in P300 waveform amplitude across the fricatives vs. nasals experimental design.
Neurocognitive empowerment, embodied practices, and peak performance in sports: case studies and future challenges
Authors: Crivelli Davide , Angioletti Laura , Balconi Michela
Published: April 2024

The integration of neurosciences and sport psychology has revitalized the study of cognitive and emotional mechanisms in achieving peak athletic performance and preventing burnout. Recent advancements in applied neuroscience, including wearable body/brain-sensing devices, are of particular interest to research and professional practice in exercise and sport sciences. These technologies aid in understanding and evaluating sensorimotor and cognitive functions crucial for athletic performance. Sport neuroscience is advancing with the development of neurocognitive empowerment protocols, combining mental training, cognitive-behavioural techniques, and performance testing with neuroscientific devices. This paper introduces the theoretical background and potential of applying neuroscientific models to empowerment in exercise and sport science, presenting examples of protocols aimed at optimizing athletes’ performance. These protocols highlight a threefold focus on individual, dyadic, and collective performance.
Transient deficit in acute stroke: a case of musical hallucinations
Authors: Rota Vera , Ferri Mattia , Zani Elisa , Paris Veronica , Redolfi Alessandra , Falso Maurizio
Published: April 2024

We reported a case of a 62-year-old female patient affected by musical hallucinations (MHs) as a transient symptom after an ischemic stroke in the right middle cerebral artery. CT scan showed widespread cortical and subcortical hypodensity associated with moderate hemorrhage involving the lentiform nucleus, insular cortex, and caudate nucleus. The patient had no history of psychiatric disorders, hearing defects, or epilepsy. MHs appeared one week after the stroke and spontaneously vanished 10 days after their onset. From our perspective, the early activation of MHs after unilateral brain injury, and their timing of resolution, can be explained according to the “interhemispheric imbalance theory”. According to this theory, in the minutes or weeks following the onset of a focal cerebrovascular event, a series of changes in global brain connectivity occur leading to a temporary imbalance in interhemispheric excitation.
Nas raias de um gênero: a fábula e o efeito fábula na obra infantil de Monteiro Lobato
Authors: Souza Loide Nascimento de
Published: April 2024

O trabalho de Loide Nascimento de Souza transcende o anunciado no subtítulo deste livro: a fábula e o efeito fábula na obra de Monteiro Lobato. Suas conclusões, amparadas em competente manuseio da crítica da fábula, revelam que Lobato, apesar de não simpatizante do Modernismo de 22, escolhei o mais popular e tradicional dos gêneros – a fábula – como suporte para bem-sucedidos experimentos antropofágicos.
Context-dependent modification of PFKFB3 in hematopoietic stem cells promotes anaerobic glycolysis and ensures stress hematopoiesis
Authors: Watanuki Shintaro , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Sugiura Yuki , Yamamoto Masamichi , Karigane Daiki , Shiroshita Kohei , Sorimachi Yuriko , Fujita Shinya , Morikawa Takayuki , Koide Shuhei , Oshima Motohiko , Nishiyama Akira , Murakami Koichi , Haraguchi Miho , Tamaki Shinpei , Yamamoto Takehiro , Yabushita Tomohiro , Tanaka Yosuke , Nagamatsu Go , Honda Hiroaki , Okamoto Shinichiro , Goda Nobuhito , Tamura Tomohiko , Nakamura-Ishizu Ayako , Suematsu Makoto , Iwama Atsushi , Suda Toshio , Takubo Keiyo
Published: April 2024

Metabolic pathways are plastic and rapidly change in response to stress or perturbation. Current metabolic profiling techniques require lysis of many cells, complicating the tracking of metabolic changes over time after stress in rare cells such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here, we aimed to identify the key metabolic enzymes that define differences in glycolytic metabolism between steady-state and stress conditions in murine HSCs and elucidate their regulatory mechanisms. Through quantitative 13C metabolic flux analysis of glucose metabolism using high-sensitivity glucose tracing and mathematical modeling, we found that HSCs activate the glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme phosphofructokinase (PFK) during proliferation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibition. Real-time measurement of ATP levels in single HSCs demonstrated that proliferative stress or OXPHOS inhibition led to accelerated glycolysis via increased activity of PFKFB3, the enzyme regulating an allosteric PFK activator, within seconds to meet ATP requirements. Furthermore, varying stresses differentially activated PFKFB3 via PRMT1-dependent methylation during proliferative stress and via AMPK-dependent phosphorylation during OXPHOS inhibition. Overexpression of Pfkfb3 induced HSC proliferation and promoted differentiated cell production, whereas inhibition or loss of Pfkfb3 suppressed them. This study reveals the flexible and multilayered regulation of HSC glycolytic metabolism to sustain hematopoiesis under stress and provides techniques to better understand the physiological metabolism of rare hematopoietic cells.
A single pair of pharyngeal neurons functions as a commander to reject high salt in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Sang Jiun , Dhakal Subash , Shrestha Bhanu , Nath Dharmendra Kumar , Kim Yunjung , Ganguly Anindya , Montell Craig , Lee Youngseok
Published: April 2024

Salt (NaCl), is an essential nutrient for survival, while excessive salt can be detrimental. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, internal taste organs in the pharynx are critical gatekeepers impacting the decision to accept or reject a food. Currently, our understanding of the mechanism through which pharyngeal gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) sense high salt are rudimentary. Here, we found that a member of the ionotropic receptor family, Ir60b, is expressed exclusively in a pair of GRNs activated by high salt. Using a two-way choice assay (DrosoX) to measure ingestion volume, we demonstrate that IR60b and two co-receptors IR25a and IR76b are required to prevent high salt consumption. Mutants lacking external taste organs but retaining the internal taste organs in the pharynx exhibit much higher salt avoidance than flies with all taste organs but missing the three IRs. Our findings highlight the vital role for IRs in a pharyngeal GRN to control ingestion of high salt.
Associations of proton pump inhibitors with susceptibility to influenza, pneumonia, and COVID-19: Evidence from a large population-based cohort study
Authors: Zeng Ruijie , Ma Yuying , Zhang Lijun , Luo Dongling , Jiang Rui , Wu Huihuan , Zhuo Zewei , Yang Qi , Li Jingwei , Leung Felix W , Duan Chongyang , Sha Weihong , Chen Hao
Published: April 2024

Background:

Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have raised wide concerns. The association of PPIs with influenza is unexplored, while that with pneumonia or COVID-19 remains controversial. Our study aims to evaluate whether PPI use increases the risks of these respiratory infections.

Methods:

The current study included 160,923 eligible participants at baseline who completed questionnaires on medication use, which included PPI or histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), from the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazards regression and propensity score-matching analyses were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

Comparisons with H2RA users were tested. PPI use was associated with increased risks of developing influenza (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.12–1.56) and pneumonia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26–1.59). In contrast, the risk of COVID-19 infection was not significant with regular PPI use (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.99–1.17), while the risks of severe COVID-19 (HR 1.19. 95% CI 1.11–1.27) and mortality (HR 1.37. 95% CI 1.29–1.46) were increased. However, when compared with H2RA users, PPI users were associated with a higher risk of influenza (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.19–2.54), but the risks with pneumonia or COVID-19-related outcomes were not evident.

Conclusions:

PPI users are associated with increased risks of influenza, pneumonia, as well as COVID-19 severity and mortality compared to non-users, while the effects on pneumonia or COVID-19-related outcomes under PPI use were attenuated when compared to the use of H2RAs. Appropriate use of PPIs based on comprehensive evaluation is required.

Funding:

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171698, 82170561, 81300279, 81741067, 82100238), the Program for High-level Foreign Expert Introduction of China (G2022030047L), the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province (2021B1515020003), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2022A1515012081), the Foreign Distinguished Teacher Program of Guangdong Science and Technology Department (KD0120220129), the Climbing Program of Introduced Talents and High-level Hospital Construction Project of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (DFJH201923, DFJH201803, KJ012019099, KJ012021143, KY012021183), and in part by VA Clinical Merit and ASGE clinical research funds (FWL).
Analysis of twelve genomes of the bacterium Kerstersia gyiorum from brown-throated sloths (Bradypus variegatus), the first from a non-human host
Authors: Carhuaricra-Huaman Dennis , Gonzalez Irys H.L. , Ramos Patricia L. , da Silva Aline M. , Setubal Joao C.
Published: April 2024

Kerstersia gyiorum is a Gram-negative bacterium found in various animals, including humans, where it has been associated with various infections. Knowledge of the basic biology of K. gyiorum is essential to understand the evolutionary strategies of niche adaptation and how this organism contributes to infectious diseases; however, genomic data about K. gyiorum is very limited, especially from non-human hosts. In this work, we sequenced 12 K. gyiorum genomes isolated from healthy free-living brown-throated sloths (Bradypus variegatus) in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (São Paulo, Brazil), and compared them with genomes from isolates of human origin, in order to gain insights into genomic diversity, phylogeny, and host specialization of this species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these K. gyiorum strains are structured according to host. Despite the fact that sloth isolates were sampled from a single geographic location, the intra-sloth K. gyiorum diversity was divided into three clusters, with differences of more than 1,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms between them, suggesting the circulation of various K. gyiorum lineages in sloths. Genes involved in mobilome and defense mechanisms against mobile genetic elements were the main source of gene content variation between isolates from different hosts. Sloth-specific K. gyiorum genome features include an IncN2 plasmid, a phage sequence, and a CRISPR-Cas system. The broad diversity of defense elements in K. gyiorum (14 systems) may prevent further mobile element flow and explain the low amount of mobile genetic elements in K. gyiorum genomes. Gene content variation may be important for the adaptation of K. gyiorum to different host niches. This study furthers our understanding of diversity, host adaptation, and evolution of K. gyiorum, by presenting and analyzing the first genomes of non-human isolates.
Clinical Spectrum of Aspergillosis in Children with Severe Asthma: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Agrawal Payal , Bedi Nidhi , Abrol Pankaj , Gupta Neha , Balhara Kirtika
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Aspergillus species can affect the respiratory system of genetically predisposed asthma patients. Allergic Broncho-Pulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) is one of the manifestations of aspergillosis. Most research on ABPA has been conducted in the adult population, with very few studies including paediatric patients. Aim: To examine the clinical spectrum of aspergillosis in severely asthmatic children aged between 2 and 18 years admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from September 2021 to August 2022. Out of 76 children aged between 2 and 18 years who presented with asthma over one year, 24 children fulfilling the inclusion criteria (severe asthma requiring PICU admission) were included in the study by convenient sampling. Children were diagnosed with ABPA and Severe Asthma with Fungal Sensitisation (SAFS) based on the ISHAM (International Society for Human and Animal Mycology) work group criteria (history of asthma, raised Aspergillus-specific and total Immunoglobulin E (IgE), presence of Aspergillus-specific IgG, eosinophilia, and positive radiological findings). Descriptive statistics elaborated in the form of mean and standard deviation. Results: A total of 24 patients with acute severe asthma were admitted to the PICU over one year. Nearly 60% (15/24) of the patients fulfilled the criteria for subgroup A (comprising poorly controlled asthma, eosinophilia, or positive radiological findings). Among them, six (25%) patients had total serum IgE levels > 1000 IU/mL, three (12.5%) had levels between 500- 1000 IU/mL, and six (25%) had levels <500 IU/mL. Among these patients, 60% (9/15) had elevated Aspergillus-specific IgE and IgG levels. As per the ISHAM work group criteria, 6/24 (25%) patients were diagnosed with S-ABPA (Serological ABPA) and 3/24 (12.5%) patients were diagnosed with SAFS. Conclusion: Aspergillus sensitivity is increasingly being detected in asthmatic children, requiring further work-up, especially in patients with poorly controlled asthma.
Correlation of Water Quality Parameters on Growth Performance of Seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii Doty, 1986) Cultivated with Diagonal Method
Authors: Anita Dewi , Kantun Wayan , Lapong Imran
Published: April 2024

Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed is an exported commodity that has economic value and is a leading commodity in aquaculture. The present study aims to analyze the correlation between water quality parameters and the growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed using the diagonal method. A completely randomized design using three treatments and four replications was applied for the experimental design. The research was carried out from May to June 2023 in the waters of Angkue Village, Bone Regency, Indonesia. Treatment in this diagonal model was based on the length of the diagonal rope, namely 2.5 m (treatment 1), 3.5 m (treatment 2), and 4.5 m (treatment 3) of the water depth and seaweed maintained for 42 days at a water depth of five meters. The results showed that the absolute growth of seaweed was 17,537.0 g during the study, with an average of 5845.67 ± 359.34 g. In treatment 1, the absolute growth was 1368.55 ± 5.29 g; in treatment 2, it was 1467.83 ± 4.58 g; and in treatment 3, it was 1547.88 ± 1.24 g, with the highest growth rate and the lowest growth rate in the first week. Water quality parameters all contribute positively to seaweed growth, but those that contribute most strongly to seaweed growth are brightness, phosphate, nitrate, and salinity.
Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Nitrogen Levels, Conventional and Enriched Organic Manures on Yield and Major Nutrient Uptake in a Vertisol
Authors: M Dilip Kumar , Tolanur S. I.
Published: April 2024

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2015-16 at Mulmuthla village of Dharwad taluk in Dharwad district, Karnataka, India. Research conducted to study the effect of enriched FYM and vermicompost and nitrogen levels on yield and majornutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) in a Vertisol. The split plot design with four replication and twelve treatment combinations. Application of nitrogen at 200 kg ha-1+ Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1 was found superior in terms of grain yield (79.93 q ha-1), stover yield (88.77 q ha-1) and test weight (100 seeds) (39.67 g) over other treatments. Similarly, the highest NPK uptake (232.33, 48.73 and 175.59 kg ha-1) was recorded with the application of 200 kg N + Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1. So the study of effect of different combinations of nutrients like nitrogen, enriched FYM, FYM, enriched vermicompost, vermicompost and their interactions over yielding ability of maize can help in developing a best source of nutrients for maize yield and uptake.
Farmers’ Adoption of Finger Millet Production Technologies and the Impact on Finger Millet Yields
Authors: Srinivas A. , Sukanya T.S, , Rao B.Dayakar
Published: April 2024

Low remuneration and poor adoption of Finger millet [Eleusine coracana] production technologies were major constraints in yield gap in finger millet. Therefore, evaluation of production potential, adoption, economic and other benefits of the technologies in social perspectives of the farmers was undertaken. The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka, India where the frontline demonstrations programme organized during the five years from 2017-18 to 2021-22 in 200 farmers’ fields. The knowledge, adoption and impact were measured by following before and after method, and data was collected through survey, focussed group discussion and personal interview methods. The demonstrated technologies resulted into increase in Knowledge over pre demo in use of high yielding variety (85%) followed by use of nitrogen (Urea) (62%), seed treatment (62%), use of FYM (56 %).  Increase in adoption over pre demo was found in use of high yielding variety 82 % followed by use of nitrogen (62%), seed treatment (55%), use of FYM (48%). The higher adoption of the demonstrated technologies (71%) by the farmers in Karnataka led to higher grains production (33%) with better quality (65%) and fodder yield by 38% over pre-FLD stage. The increased yields not only enabled them to obtain higher net returns (55%) and incremental increase of benefit-cost ratio (25%) but also motivated to increase in area under finger millet (20%) significantly than the pre-FLD stage. Whereas, very low increase in cost of production (10%) over the pre-FLD stage was observed. Age, education, family size, annual income, institutional support, extension contact, herd size, and utility of grain and fodder were found to be significant in explaining the variation in their adoption level of demonstrated finger millet production technologies. Among the constraints, availability of labour, wild animals (deer and wild boar) and availability of seed are the major production constraints and price fluctuation, limited quantity purchases by government, delay in payment by government, and high commission from APMC are the major market constraints. To boost-up the adoption, large family size of the farmers, their dependency on farming and continuing newly selected farmers with field demonstration of location-specific low-cost technologies up to five years should be considered.
Catalytic Asymmetric 1, 3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of Nitrones with α′‐Phosphoric Enones by a Chiral Ligand‐ Copper(II) Triflate Complex
Authors: Lim Kyoung‐Chan , Hong Young‐Taek , Kim Sunggak
Published: February 2008

Using the C2‐symmetric bis‐oxazoline copper(II) catalyst 6f as a chiral Lewis acid, α′‐phosphoric enones 2 undergo 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with nitrones 3 to provide isoxazolidines 4 with very high enantioselectivity and endo/exo selectivity.
Identification of neuronal outgrowth cells from peripheral blood of stroke patients
Authors: Jung Keun‐Hwa , Chu Kon , Lee Soon‐Tae , Song Eun‐Cheol , Sinn Dong‐In , Kim Jeong‐Min , Kim Se‐Jeong , Kim Jin‐Hee , Kang Kyung‐Muk , Park Hee‐Kwon , Lee Seung‐Hoon , Kim Manho , Lee Sang Kun , Roh Jae‐Kyu
Published: February 2008

Objective

Recent studies have identified a subset of outgrowth cell population with endothelial phenotype in long‐term cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The concept that peripheral blood–derived cells participate in neuronal regeneration remains highly controversial, and no specific cell type has been identified. In this study, we undertook to characterize outgrowth cells in the peripheral blood culture from stroke patients.

Methods

Mononuclear cells were isolated from the peripheral blood of 30 acute stroke patients, 20 risk factor–only subjects, and 20 healthy volunteers. The isolation frequency of outgrowth cells was measured during the 2 months of culture. The outgrowth cells were characterized by in vitro cultures and in vivo model of transplantation into the ischemic rat brain.

Results

Outgrowth cells could be more efficiently isolated from stroke patients (80%) than risk factor–only (30%) and healthy groups (10%). Outgrowth cells were more detected in the patients with greater National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (p = 0.023). They exhibited heterogenous populations with different morphologies, for example, cobblestone, palisading, or branching features. Two different types of outgrowth cells were identified: endothelial; neuronal, according to their morphological characteristics; and protein or gene expression profiles. The transplanted neuronal outgrowth cells survived in the ischemic rat brains over 6 months after transplantation. Targeted migration of the transplanted cells was seen in the ischemic brains with phenotypes of neuronal phenotypes.

Interpretation

The feasibility of extracting and culturing neuronal outgrowth cells in large numbers suggests that such autologous cells will be useful for applications ranging from basic research to cell‐based therapy. Ann Neurol 2008
Simultaneous clinical monitoring of lactic acid, pyruvic acid and ketone bodies in plasma as methoxime/tert‐butyldimethylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode
Authors: Paik Man‐Jeong , Cho Eun‐Young , Kim Hoon , Kim Kyoung‐Rae , Choi Sangdun , Ahn Young‐Hwan , Lee Gwang
Published: February 2008

Simultaneous determination of lactic acid, pyruvic acid, 3‐hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid for clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in human plasma (20 µL) was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode after generating methoxime/tert‐butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. All of the targeted carboxylic acids were detected by characteristic fragment ions, which permitted sensitive and selective identification in the presence of co‐extracted free fatty acids and other acidic metabolites at much higher levels. The method was linear (r ≥ 0.9991), reproducible (% relative standard deviation = 1.2–5.8), and accurate (% relative error = −7.2–7.6), with detection limits of 0.05–1.7 ng/mL. This rapid, accurate and selective method using minimal plasma samples (20 µL) is useful in the clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in plasma. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: catena‐Poly[bis(ethane‐1,2‐diammonium) [Manganese(II)‐di‐μ‐phosphato‐ϰ4O:O′]]: A One‐Dimensional Manganese Phosphate.
Authors: Gaslain Fabrice O. M. , Chippindale Ann M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Sr1.31Co0.63Mn0.37O3: A Derivative of the Incommensurate Composite Hexagonal Perovskite Structure.
Authors: Mandal Tapas Kumar , Abakumov Artem M. , Hadermann Joke , Van Tendeloo Gustaaf , Croft Mark , Greenblatt Martha
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Coactivation of α‐Sr(PO3)2 and SrM(P2O7) (M: Zn, Sr) with Eu2+ and Mn2+.
Authors: Hoeppe Henning A. , Daub Michael , Broehmer Manuel C.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Oxidation of Methanol on Self‐Supported Nanoporous Gold Film Electrodes with High Catalytic Activity and Stability.
Authors: Yu Chuanfang , Jia Falong , Ai Zhihui , Zhang Lizhi
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze‐Based Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons.
Authors: Botella Pablo , Solsona Benjamin , Garcia‐Gonzalez Ester , Gonzalez‐Calbet Jose M. , Lopez Nieto Jose M.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Borogermanate with Three‐Dimensional Open‐Framework Layers.
Authors: Xiong Ding‐Bang , Zhao Jing‐Tai , Chen Hao‐Hong , Yang Xin‐Xin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi5O7Br and Its Structural Relation to α‐Bi5O7I.
Authors: Keller E. , Kraemer V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Formation of Iodocyclobutenes by a Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Enyne Cycloisomerization.
Authors: Fuerstner Alois , Schlecker Andreas , Lehmann Christian W.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrocatalytic Dehalogenation of α‐Bromoketones in the Presence of Cp2TiCl2.
Authors: Nikitin O. M. , Gavrilova G. V. , Magdesieva T. V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Retention of Regiochemistry of Monosubstituted Allyl Acetates in the Ruthenium Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation with Malonate Anion.
Authors: Kawatsura Motoi , Ata Fumio , Hayase Shuichi , Itoh Toshiyuki
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Biphasic Deprotection of Aldehyde Dimethylhydrazones with Aqueous Hydrochloric Acid.
Authors: Petroski Richard J.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Chemoselective Cbz‐Protection of Amines Using Silica—Sulfuric Acid at Room Temperature.
Authors: Gawande Manoj B. , Polshettiwar Vivek , Varma Rajender S. , Jayaram Radha V.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds Containing a 1,1‐Dialkyl‐2‐trifluoromethyl Group, a Bioisostere of the tert‐Alkyl Moiety.
Authors: Tanaka Hirotaka , Shishido Yuji
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(0)‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Terminal Diynes for the Synthesis of Substituted Cyclooctatetraenes.
Authors: Wender Paul A. , Christy Justin P.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Norbornenes with Internal and Terminal Acetylenes.
Authors: Kuninobu Yoichiro , Yu Peng , Takai Kazuhiko
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Biologically Active Polysubstituted Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Menche Dirk , Arikan Fatih , Li Jun , Rudolph Sven , Sasse Florenz
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Electrosynthesis of Pinacols.
Authors: Bian Yan‐Jiang , Bai Dong‐Sheng
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Sulfonate Aldol Reactions: Asymmetric Synthesis of α,β‐Substituted β‐Hydroxy Sulfonates
Authors: Harnying Wacharee , Kitisriworaphan Wipaporn , Pohmakotr Manat , Enders Dieter
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, X‐Ray Structure and Aggregation Effect of Tetramethoxy Substituted Dibenzo[fg,op]naphthacene.
Authors: Cheng Xiao‐Hong , Fu Chang‐Jin
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodobenzene‐Catalyzed Iodolactonization Using Sodium Perborate Monohydrate as Oxidant.
Authors: Liu Hongjun , Tan Choon‐Hong
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of ω‐Bromo‐3‐ketosulfones, ω‐Bromo‐3‐ketonitriles and 2‐(ω‐Bromoalkyl)benzofurans Based on a “Ring‐Closing/Ring‐Opening” Strategy.
Authors: Rasool Nasir , Rashid Muhammad A. , Reinke Helmut , Fischer Christine , Langer Peter
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Darunavir (I), a Conceptually New HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitor for the Treatment of Drug‐Resistant HIV.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Dawson Zachary L. , Mitsuya Hiroaki
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Pentasubstituted Pyrrole Derivatives: One‐Step Prepared N‐(3,4‐Dibenzoyl‐2,5‐dimethylpyrrol‐1‐yl)‐benzamide Using Mn3+.
Authors: Dang Fangfang , Wang Xinwei , Liu Weisheng , Dou Wei
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of N‐ and C‐Alkenylanilines. Part 8. Synthesis of Functionalized Cycloalka[b]indoles from o‐(Cycloalk‐2‐en‐1‐yl)anilines.
Authors: Gataullin R. R. , Likhacheva N. A. , Suponitskii K. Yu. , Abdrakhmanov I. B.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 2‐Chloro‐4,4‐ethylenedioxy‐3‐phenylsulfonylcyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐one with Some Hydride Reducing Agents and Carbon‐Centered Nucleophiles.
Authors: Ivanova N. A. , Usmanova F. G. , Miftakhov M. S.
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bisphosphine‐Catalyzed Mixed Double‐Michael Reactions: Asymmetric Synthesis of Oxazolidines, Thiazolidines, and Pyrrolidines.
Authors: Sriramurthy Vardhineedi , Barcan Gregg A. , Kwon Ohyun
Published: February 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.