bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of digitalization of agriculture on sustainable development of rural territories
Authors: Kuzmich N P
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on studies of the digitalization of agriculture and rural areas based on the use of information and communication technologies, since the sustainable development in rural areas will be determined by the fact how innovatively developed they will be in the coming decades. The emergence of digital technologies in agriculture is based on progressive solutions such as robotization, automation, and geo-positioning. Digitalization based on the use of information and communication technologies and related technological changes are considered as objective processes, as a result of the technological progress. The purpose of the current research is to improve the theory and practice of the development of digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas. The main research methods that were used to carry out the work are observation methods, analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach. The performed analysis of innovative processes in agriculture from the standpoint of the use of information and communication technologies shows the effectiveness of their implementation in the agricultural sector to achieve economic and social effect.
Features of ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder joint in dogs and horses
Authors: Sotnikova L F , Kurman V I , Kostylev V A
Published: March 2021

Shoulder problems in dogs and horses are a common problem, especially in sport, hunting and service animals. Timely accurate diagnosis and early start of treatment can significantly reduce the duration of therapy and increase its effectiveness. Despite the fact that there are a large number of generally accepted methods of instrumental diagnostics of shoulder joint pathologies, ultrasound examinations in veterinary medicine remain uncovered today. This article highlights the algorithms of ultrasound diagnostics developed by us and the features of the study associated with the species differences between dogs and horses. The article also presents the main necessary projections, as well as the qualitative ultrasound characteristics of the structures of the investigated area in dogs and horses. The result of this study is the formation of a logical algorithm for conducting ultrasound examinations of dogs and horses.
Biological bases of crop insurance with state support
Authors: Zhichkin K , Nosov V , Zhichkina L , Łakomiak A , Pakhomova T , Terekhova A
Published: March 2021

Crop insurance is an important financial instrument for the stable and successful functioning of crop production, realized by reducing risks. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to take into account the individual varieties characteristics when insuring agricultural crops with state support. In this case, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: - to formulate the agricultural crops individual varieties biological characteristics; - to classify all emergencies according to the impact type on plants; - to substantiate (using the example of spring barley) the need to correct the existing approach when concluding crop insurance contracts with state support. When formulating insurance rules, it is necessary to use the capabilities of immunity genetics, which allows it to be rationally and purposefully applied in breeding programs to achieve resistance to abiotic and biotic compensated and non-compensated factors. As can be seen from the presented calculation, it cannot be said that the presence of a variety in the State Register of Breeding Achievements is a prerequisite for its successful cultivation. Therefore, it is necessary for each agricultural crop to identify a number of features, the presence of which makes this variety resistant to the totality of the given microregion all factors.
Multiplicative contribution of agricultural tourism to the sustainable development of Russia
Authors: Evgrafova L V
Published: March 2021

The article discusses in detail the direct and indirect contribution of tourism to the country’s economy. Much attention is paid to indirect contributions to related industries. The author analyzes the history of development of the methodology for determining the multiplicative effect of tourism in related industries, and offers his own methodology for assessing the contribution of agricultural tourism to the sustainable development of Russia. The article highlights the difficulties in data collection and objectivity in the agricultural sector. Using a practical example, the author interprets data on the direct and indirect contribution of agrotourism to the Russian economy. At the end of the study, specific ways to solve the existing problem of assessing the contribution of agrotourism to the country’s economy are proposed.
Analysis of the microflora of dried grape fruit products
Authors: Nitsievskaya K , Chekryga G , Motovilov O , Sherbinin V
Published: March 2021

The article presents an analysis of the microflora of dried grapes with a description of the factors of influence. A technological method of processing dried grapes using ultrasonic action on plant raw materials is described. The fruits of dried grapes were investigated using different methods of pre-preparation - preliminary hydration of the fruits within 24 hours at a temperature of 20 ± 2 ° C. The dynamics of temperature changes during the processing of plant raw materials is analyzed. The indicators of microbiological safety of the products obtained from dried grapes were investigated. An analysis of the risk situation associated with the safety performance of ultrasonic treatment using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method is presented. Situations that can lead to the occurrence of events in the production of products from dried grapes using technology based on the principles of ultrasonic exposure are analyzed.
Assessment of the cluster structures functioning effectiveness in the agro-industrial complex: a methodological approach, practical implementation
Authors: Ruiga I R , Kovzunova E S , Teterin Yu A , Bugaeva S V , Burmenko T A
Published: March 2021

The article actualizes the role of network and cluster interaction mechanisms in the development of the regional agro-industrial complex into the specific features of inter-firm interaction in agro-industrial cluster structures, the need to form a two-level algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of agro-industrial clusters is indicated: stage 1 - assessment of the potential of cluster development of territories; stage 2 - assessment of the effectiveness of the functioning of cluster structures. Approbation of the proposed methodological approach is implemented on the example of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. The practical implementation of the methodological aspects of assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of cluster structures in the agro-industrial complex gives grounds for regional government bodies to make appropriate adjustments to the existing regulatory and strategic documents, as well as improve the tools and mechanisms of the cluster and investment policy being implemented, taking into account the specifics of the industry.
Communication aspects of cooperation in the forestry waste processing cluster
Authors: Melnikova E V , Melnikova A A , Anikina Yu A , Malanina Yu N
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of communications in the cluster for forest waste processing as a factor and indicator of cooperation development. The article provides an overview of 4 groups of clusters with ecological, forestry, biotechnological and agricultural specialization; in total 21 clusters are studied. The cluster communication field is considered through a number of general scientific approaches. An algorithm for systematizing and replicating the experience of successful communication building in a cluster is proposed. The communication field of clusters using renewable natural resources is reviewed. From the perspective of an outside researcher, the conditions for effective and free interaction in the considered cases have not been created. The used communication practices are summarized. The target characteristics of the cluster communication model as an open network with an external and internal contour, with public involvement are formulated. The dependence of the functional content of communications on the stage of evolution in the cluster, on the ratio of the goals of innovation and efficiency is shown. The achievement of innovative cluster-specific effects is determined by the nature of relationships between participants and largely depends on the organization of the cluster’s communication field.
Soybean: research and development in Amur Region, Russia
Authors: Boiarskii B
Published: March 2021

Soybean and its products are widely distributed around the world. This agricultural crop occupies a certain place in populous countries where there is a shortage of protein in the daily diet and food products in general. Russia’s historical situation has given rise to the large-scale development of soybean production in the Amur Region. Therefore, a Soybean Institute was founded in the region, engaged in research in breeding, genetics, microbiology, biotechnology, seed production, soybean protection, and soybean technologies cultivation and processing. The Institute aims to breed soybean varieties to increase yields in the Russian Far East regions’ climatic conditions. In recent years, the Institute has been developing new varieties that meet the requirements of the climate and consumers’ needs. The article shows the Soy Institute’s latest achievements and the development of soybean production in the Amur Region.
Satisfaction of consumer preferences of consumers of agricultural products
Authors: Yekimov S , Sokoly I I , Iarova L , Chupryna N , Akuliushyna M
Published: March 2021

Producers and consumers of agricultural products are faced with the concept of “product quality”. The quality of agricultural products depends not only on the degree of food supply to society, but also on the activities of the enterprises themselves. The resources at the disposal of a company depend to a large extent on the quality level of its products. We believe that with the development of information technology, the product market has been replaced by the brand market. The quality of services and goods corresponds to the price that consumers are willing to pay for their purchase. In our opinion, the utility that the buyer receives from purchasing additional goods or services is equivalent to the degree of customer satisfaction from receiving them. The usefulness of a product or service to its consumer is not limited only to its material characteristics, it is also inherently related to the purchase of this product or service. The use of product branding makes it possible to increase their usefulness in the eyes of consumers, and therefore affects their subjective assessment of the quality of the product.
Analysis of the seed fruit production efficiency in the Krasnodar region and ways to improve it
Authors: Oleynik A N
Published: March 2021

The article examines the economic state and features of the fruit growing industry in the Krasnodar Territory, the main trends in its development in agricultural organizations, the area and yield of intensive orchards, problems associated with the sale of products and the dynamics of average prices. The assessment of the state support to the industry is given The dependence of the cost of 1 centner of pome fruits on the level of yield has been studied. The analysis of the dependence of the profitability of production and sale of fruits on the size of fruit-bearing orchards on farms and productivity is carried out. The optimal size of the areas for orchards in specialized organizations to ensure a high level of profitability of production has been identified, the “critical” level of yield of pome crops has been determined. The methodological aspects of determining the “break-even point” in fruit growing are considered. An improved model of the critical sales volume is proposed, taking into account the production specifics of the industry. Recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of production and sale of pome fruits.
Grape seedlings growth and development using a preparation based on the fungus p Chaetomium sp
Authors: Lukyanova A A
Published: March 2021

In the study of the possible growth-stimulating effect p. Chaetomium sp on the grape seedlings survival and development, it was found that all varieties’ survival rate exceeded the control variant. It turned out to be the best in the Dostoyny variety. Seedlings the best growth and development is noted in the variant with the microorganisms used. Thus, the Kubanets shoot in variants 1 and 2 average lengths exceeded the control one by 15.1 cm and 13.3 cm, respectively. In the Gordiy variety, the difference between the control variant and the variants with the microorganisms use was 12.8 and 16.5 cm. The smallest difference between the control variant and variants using microorganisms on the growth average length is noted in the grade Dostoyny. The seedlings root system growth features to study in variants with the drug introduction based on the fungus p. Chaetomium sp. showed that the roots total number in the Worthy variety increases statistically. In the Kubanets variety, a significant difference is noted only between option 1 and the control. The Gordiy variety did not have a reliable difference in the experience options. Thus, the seedlings output that meets the quality standard, invariants with the drug use based on microorganisms p. Chaetomium sp. in the Dostoyny and Kubanets varieties, compared to the control option, was the greatest, which in the vaccinated seedlings’ production industrial technology will give a significant economic effect.
Effective means of potatoes storage
Authors: Basiev S S , Bekuzarova S A , Gazzaev G T , Dzedaev Kh T , Tsarikaev Z A
Published: March 2021

For potatoes storage conditions local agricultural ores were used: Irlit 1 and Irlit 7 which differed in chemical composition. The pH reaction had differences between acidic (Irlit 7) and neutral (Irlit 1) invironment. The studies were carried out in production conditions in stationary storage facilities of two republics: North Ossetia - Alania and Kabardino-Balkarian. Agricultural ore consumption per tubers ton was - 100 kg which was used depending on chemical composition and environment reaction. The experiment used the varieties Volzhanin, Udacha and Predgorny (the last of local selection). Based on the experiments carried out it was revealed that the used mixture of 2 irlites (1 and 7) had positive effect on tubers maturity, natural loss, germination of sprouts, the content of starch, vitamin C and dry matter in all studied zones of the 2 republics. The research results showed that potatoes preservation and their quality depend on the temperature regime of grown harvested products in vertical zoning conditions in RNO Alania. Potato tubers grown in the mountainous zone provided the maximum percentage of vitamin C (26-28 mg /%) depending on the varietal characteristics. Storage losses decrease also depended on the growing conditions and in the mountainous zone this figure was 2-3% lower than in piedmont and steppe zones.
Methods and results of spring barley plants treatment with growth biostimulants
Authors: Shchuchka R V , Gulidova V A
Published: March 2021

In the conditions of the Central Black Soil Region of Russia, spring barley plants experimental treatment with Polishans and Energoshans growth biostimulants, which had not previously been tested in the Central Black Soil Region of Russia concerning this crop, was carried out. The Vakula variety spring barley seeds were used for the work. Before planting, the seeds were treated with the fungicide TERRASIL Forte. The experiment was built on the randomized repetitions’ method and is a rectangular scheme. It allows to have an options complete set in each repetition, and each of them occurs in the block (repetition) only once. Thanks to this feature, the method acquires the greatest stability and flexibility. The barley plants height assessment according to the vegetation phases, barley plants general and productive tillering, seeds weight per 1 m2, barley productivity, barley seeds laboratory germination, protein content in barley seeds was carried out. Based on observations and calculations, it can be concluded that growth biostimulants and the way they are used can have a positive effect on the spring barley seeds yield and quality. The most positive effect is achieved when using drug Polishans. The profitability level increased by 4.1% with its application. This is the reason to recommend it as a foliar dressing for growing spring barley.
Impact of food quality on the economic security of the region
Authors: Salaev B K , Natyrov A K , Solodova S V , Slozhenkina M I , Fedotova G V , Mosolova D A
Published: March 2021

The article outlines the importance of food quality in ensuring the safety of the region. The main directions of reducing the quality of food have been determined. The statistics of the increase in the number of persons suffering from alimentary diseases is presented. The growth of food-dependent diseases has been demonstrated. Information is provided on the dynamics of the number of disabled people among children and adults, the number of persons of draft age, unfit for military service. Conclusions are made about the effectiveness of measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of using the labor potential of the region. Measures aimed at improving the working-age population by improving the quality of food are outlined.
Relationship between cow milk yield and milk quality indicators
Authors: Gorelik O V , Galushina P S , Knysh I V , Bobkova E Yu , Grigoryants I A
Published: March 2021

In the Sverdlovsk region, purebred bull producers of the Holstein breed of German, Danish and Canadian selection and the breeding stock of the domestic black-and-white breed of the Ural offspring were used for improvement. The Ural offspring of the black-and-white breed was distinguished by high milk yield and fat mass fraction and protein mass fraction in milk. In 2002, the Ural type of the Holstein black-and-white cattle was officially registered in the Ural region. This type has significant differences from the original rocks. The purpose of the article is to study the relationship between milk yield and milk quality indicators in cows-daughters of the Holstein black-and-white cattle of the Ural type from different Holstein bulls. It is established that the relationship of indicators depends on the belonging of cows-daughters to a particular bull producer. However, it can be noted that there is a positive relationship with an average and high level of correlation between milk yield for the first lactation and fat mass fraction in milk, milk yield for lactation and protein mass fraction in milk, and between fat mass fraction and protein mass fraction in milk in the groups of bull daughters from producers Emen and Reverse. For the group of daughters of the bull Jesmen, a high negative correlation was found between milk yield per lactation and fat mass fraction in milk, an average negative correlation between milk yield and protein mass fraction in milk, and a low positive correlation between fat mass fraction and protein mass fraction in milk. Correlation coefficients change with age. For the second lactation, the correlation coefficients differed from those established for the first lactation. So, they went to negative between milk yield and fat mass fraction in milk in the daughters of all evaluated bulls, between milk yield and protein mass fraction in milk remained the same, but decreased. The correlation coefficient between the quality indicators of milk in bull’s daughters changed to negative. Selection of cows by milk yield for the first lactation will allow you to get an increase in milk yield for full-age lactation.
Food security parameters of the agro-industrial complex in Russia
Authors: Salaev B K , Natyrov A K , Gorlov I F , Fedotova G V , Mosolova N I , Sukhinin A V
Published: March 2021

The analysis of the development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) in Russia is determined specified parameters in the current legislation that establishes the features of state programs intended for the agricultural system and standards for ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation in relations with the international economic community. The article suggests an analytical review of the results of state programs implemented to support the development of the Russian agro-industrial complex following the strategic directions of increasing the food security, reducing the import dependence of the national economy, and transition to the Industry 4.0 philosophy. The listed key aspects have been systematically pursued over several years in all regions of Russia with varying degrees of success. The article highlights main parameters of the AIC development according to the key criteria, such as crop production, animal husbandry, technological modernization, land reclamation, and resource support.
Prevention of diseases of growing of replacement young chickens kept in cages
Authors: Komarova Z B , Struk E A , Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Frolova M V , Rudkovskaya A V , Kurmasheva S S
Published: March 2021

Acute and chronic diseases of the extremities (arthrosis, arthritis, necrosis of the thighbone, dislocation, injury, etc.) of chickens, especially of roosters, with their subsequent raising and keeping in cages, cause significant economic damage to poultry farms. The article presents the results of scientific and production experience consisting in using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications “Paracetam-AVZ” and “Ketoquin 10%” for the prevention of limb diseases in the terms of raising chickens of cross Hisex Brown in the cages. The studied medications contributed to an increase in the live weight in the experimental group: females – by 3.8% (P <0.05), males – by 6.6% (P <0.05), homogeneity in the live weight of females – by 2.3%, males – by 15.6% compared with the results in control group. The safety of males taking into account mortality and culling in the experimental group exceeded this parameter in control group by 6.3%. At the same time, the number of rejected males due to limb disease in the experimental group was 2.2 times lower than in the control group. Evaluation of the development of reproductive organs showed that in males the difference in testes mass in favor of the experimental group was 16.7% (P <0.01), the length of the oviduct in chickens was 20.8% (P <0.01). Thus, the use of the studied medications had a positive effect on the development of the reproductive organs of hens and roosters in the experimental group, which accelerated their sexual maturation and increased the intensity of egg-laying.
Sensory method for the analysis of milk dessert from curd whey
Authors: Ponomareva L F , Burakovskaya N V , Rebezov Ya M , Bychkova T S , Grunina O A
Published: March 2021

The introduction and development of functional products is an urgent topic in the context of a difficult economic, environmental and social situation in the world and in the Russian Federation. Organoleptic indicators are one of the important criteria for evaluating a food product in the formation of market demand. The aim of our research was to evaluate the organoleptic qualities of a dairy dessert made from curd whey. Curd whey is a type of milk whey. Studies have shown that prototype 3 has the highest organoleptic characteristics, in which an increased concentration of gelling components by 16% was used and apple-pear juice was contained. All samples have high score, which means that the use of these samples of the developed curd whey dessert meets the expectations of the consumer.
Lipine grain and amido-concentrative additives in young cattle feeding
Authors: Radchikov V F , Tzai V P , Slozhenkina M I , Gorlov I F , Mosolov A A , Kurtina V N , Spivak M E
Published: March 2021

The development of intensive forms of animal husbandry and the consistent improvement of their efficiency require solving both technical problems and issues of feeding and using full-fledged and cost-effective feed for all types of bred animals. This article presents data on the use of feed additives containing natural antioxidants in the aspect of influence on the quality indicators of the resulting meat. The assessment was carried out after a control slaughter at the age of 120 days in the amount of 3 heads from each group. The results of physical and chemical tests of rabbit meat of experimental groups are presented, and the positive effect of natural additives “Vitazar” and “Ecostimul” on the quality indicators of raw meat is determined.
Improving rabbit meat productivity: the effect of antioxidant feed additives on meat quality
Authors: Semenova I A , Gorlov I F , Knyazhechenko O A , Mosolov A A , Slozhenkina M I , Zolotareva A G
Published: March 2021

The development of intensive forms of animal husbandry and the consistent improvement of their efficiency require solving both technical problems and issues of feeding and using full-fledged and cost-effective feed for all types of bred animals. This article presents data on the use of feed additives containing natural antioxidants in the aspect of influence on the quality indicators of the resulting meat. The assessment was carried out after a control slaughter at the age of 120 days in the amount of 3 heads from each group. The results of physical and chemical tests of rabbit meat of experimental groups are presented, and the positive effect of natural additives “Vitazar” and “Ecostimul” on the quality indicators of raw meat is determined.
Acridids’ nutritional and biological values: application potential
Authors: Khramova V N , Timofeeva A D , Eviev V A , Yudaev I V , Slozhenkina M I , Nefedieva E E , Khramova Ya I , Kartushina Yu N
Published: March 2021

The article considers the issue of destruction and processing of killed locust and their prospects to be used in food industries. In the Republic of Kalmykia and Volgograd region, the problem of protecting the crop from insects, namely, locusts, is extremely acute. Today, a mobile electro-impulse unit (its effect is lethal for insects) is effectively applied in the fight against locusts. In our research, the killed locust specimens were processed and subsequently experimentally studied. The samples’ physicochemical and amino acid compositions have been determined. An increased protein content of processed locust specimens has been established and their application potential for the food industry has been predicted.
Sub-acute injection toxicity of Florfenicol VS 30
Authors: Balyshev A V , Zhuravleva M S , Golovin V V , Abramov S V , Slozhenkina M I
Published: March 2021

This study is aimed at identifying organs and/or target organs systems that are most sensitive to the toxic effect of the drug under study, as well as determining the level of cumulation and reversibility of pathological changes in the animal body influenced by the pharmacological substance. During a 14-day sub-acute (intramuscular injection) experiment on outbred rats, it has been found that doses of 2.260 mg/kg (1/5 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg) and 1130 mg/kg (1/10 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg) were toxic and the dose of 565 mg/ kg was threshold (1/20 of LD50=1.1300 mg/kg). The investigated product Florfenicol VS 30 (developed by VETSFERA, Russia) in the tested doses caused a significant decrease in the body weight and significant changes in hematological and biochemical blood parameters. Integral indices in test groups were characterized by severe depression, decreased food activity, weakened skeletal muscle tone, and poor skin turgor. Gastrointestinal disorders were observed during all weight recording periods, while animals were injected with toxic doses. By day 14 of the experiment, the drug at a dose of 565 mg/kg (tolerable level) caused no changes in the behavior of experimental rats or their functional states. The disturbed hemopoiesis and significant hypoproteinemia revealed were reversible.
Possibilities of GIS technologies in the mining industry
Authors: Andreev D V
Published: March 2021

The article considers the possibilities of geoinformation technologies in the mining industry. It notes that today geoinformation technologies are a modern version of an integrated information system that fully meets all current requirements. In this article, the author considers that the application of geoinformation technologies in the mining industry has a positive impact on the activities of geological exploration enterprises and mining companies. There is no doubt that the application of geoinformation technologies contributes to the solution of a wide range of tasks related to the minerals extraction and transportation. Moreover, in this study, the author made an attempt to assess conditions that determine the need for the introduction of geoinformation technologies in the considered field. In conclusion, the author pays attention to the advantages and disadvantages of such systems.
The main areas of application of information and digital technologies in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Zolkin A L , Burda A G , Avdeev Yu M , Fakhertdinova D I
Published: March 2021

The article shows the features of digitalization of the agrarian sector of the economy. The main digital technologies used for the innovative development of the country’s agriculture in recent years are considered. The main problems that inhibit digital transformation in agriculture are highlighted and the most promising directions for the development of the agricultural industry are shown. The issues of application of one of the elements of resource-saving technologies in agriculture (the precision farming), have been studied in details.
Modern methods for cooling raw meat
Authors: Akekseeva Y A , Komlatsky V I , Khoroshailo T A , Vulykh N V
Published: March 2021

Cooling of animal products occurs by lowering their temperature by means of heat exchange with the cooling medium, but without the formation of ice. Cooling ensures the preservation of high consumer properties of products (aroma, taste, consistency, color) with the least changes in them. In chilled products, at temperatures close to cryoscopic, during long-term storage, harmful microorganisms actively develop.
Internet of things and data analysis in agriculture
Authors: Mentsiev A U , Gatina F F
Published: March 2021

The growing world population has come up with many unprecedented crises. Among those issues, ensuring food security has been considered as one of the major ones. Leading countries have taken many initiatives over the years. But the shrinking farmland and natural resources across the globe have made the problem even harder. As the farmers cannot get enough land to cultivate, they are forced to increase the crop yield from the available farmland. The researchers are looking forward to coming up with sustainable solutions for this problem. They have implemented many technologies in agriculture to increase production with the available land resource. Among these solutions, the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and data analysis has shown tremendous potential to solve this issue. This paper reviews the current application of IoT devices and data analysis applications in the agriculture industry. The paper also discusses the IoT device architecture and different data analysis tools. In addition to that, to analyse the recent trends of agriculture, the paper reviews recent research in this domain. In addition to the review of the ongoing research, the paper also discusses the possible future trends in agriculture.
Mathematical modeling of the spread of pollutants in the atmosphere from the storage of liquid waste of pig complexes during reagent treatment
Authors: Kolesnikova T A , Kulikova M A , Gribut E A
Published: March 2021

The effect of treatment of liquid organic waste from pig farms with various calcium-containing reagents, followed by neutralization to pH 7.0-8.5, on reducing the emissions of pollutants such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, nitrogen and carbon oxides at various stages of treatment was studied. The article deals with mathematical modeling of changes in the concentration fields of pollutants over time. Dynamic processes of gaseous pollutants propagation in the surface air layer above liquid organic waste accumulators are simulated. The developed model will allow calculating the distribution of pollutants over the storage of liquid organic waste in a given period of time and calculate the concentrations of gaseous pollutants in steady-state and non-stationary modes during reagent treatment. The time of reducing the concentrations of pollutants to the required values is determined based on the results of a computational experiment in the VITECON software package. The corrected sizes of sanitary protection zones of the pig complex before and after reagent treatment are presented.
Comparative analysis of wild and domestic animals hair species
Authors: Derunov D , Chasovskih O , Sukhih O , Buldakova K , Kokorina A
Published: March 2021

The article reveals the search for a fast and reliable techniques for identifying hair samples from wild animals, which occur during an expert evaluation in the Amur branch of WWF Russia. The relevance of the presented data is that the main methods for determining the species of hair are electron microscopy, analysis by spectrogram or chemical composition of the hair, which is a long-term method and requires special equipment. In practice, the above-root parts of hair are often received for examination, and it is unsuitable for genetic research since some have already passed through the digestive tract. The authors considered the search for a technique that allows analyzing the hair of the Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), Domestic cat (Felis catus domesticus) and Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in comparison, the method of imprints on gelatin, on a photographic plate, and on a colorless varnish was applied. As a result of the research, one method was chosen for analyzing hair samples on a colorless varnish with subsequent microscopy. Measurements of hair samples were compared in Microsoft Excel, with the construction of charts, using the “trend line” and “linear forecast” functions to predict the average measurement result and “error limits” with the “standard error” function to determine the permissible deviations of measurement results. As a result, we found that samples from different parts of the body of wild and domestic animals are well analyzed in the Microsoft Excel program with the expression of a linear trend, which allows us to determine the permissible deviations of the measurement results.
Evolution of ecosystems in the southern Yenisei Siberia in the Holocene
Authors: Demidenko G A , Turygina O V , Martynova O V
Published: March 2021

Ecosystems of different ranks are represented by components (climate, topography, soil, vegetation, wildlife, people). Over the course of evolution ecosystem components are interconnected with each other complexly. The study of any of them provides information about the evolution of the natural environment and material for identifying features of natural zoning, including regionality. Soil is a key component of the terrestrial ecosystem and many critical processes occur in the soil. The content of humus, its group and fractional composition allow us to draw conclusions about the genesis of paleosols. In the modern warming period – Holocene – there was a fluctuation of ecosystems on the territory of the southern Yenisei Siberia in the range: forest-tundra – forest (taiga) – steppe (forest-steppe).
Influence of the age of cows on the dynamics of dairy efficiency depending on a breeding line
Authors: Gorelik O V , Brjanzev A Yu , Safronov S L , Gritsenko S A , Bobkova E
Published: March 2021

The article suggests that one of the most widespread dairy breeds in the world is the Holstein breed; and the black-mottled breed in the Russian Federation. This breed has been improving during the past four decades by interbreeding it with the best one, the Holstein breed. A large set of the Holsteinized black-mottled livestock of the high thoroughbred cows of the Holstein breed has been produced. The aim of the work is to study the effect of age on the dynamics of dairy efficiency of the Holsteinized cows depending on the breeding line. At present, the dairy herd of the farm actually consists of cows of three breeding lines, Reflection Sovering 198998, Vis Back Ideal 1013415, Montvik Chieftain 95679. The rest breeds are not developing due to the absence of breeding valuable breeding bulls. It was found that the Reflection Sovering breeding line 198998 has that the highest milk yield during the sixth lactation, and then there is a decrease in milk yield. The article considers that the milk yield changes with age, starting from the first lactation, increasing during the second lactation and then it is gradually decreasing in productivity to the fifth one. The regularity of the increase in milk yield of mature cows during the third and fourth lactation is not confirmed of the dairy cows of this breeding line. It can be explained by the intensity of herb replacement, when it accumulates a significant amount of nutrients in the body. That is why, they can be used during the first and the second lactations without restoring nutrients in further. Dairy cows of the Vis Back Ideal 1013415 breeding line have a gradual increase in milk yield, starting from the first to the fourth lactation, by 52, 292, 300 kg or by 0.5; 2.8% and 2.8%, respectively. Further, there is a decrease in dairy efficiency. At reaching physiological maturity they have a natural increase in dairy efficiency. The same tendency is observed with cows of the Montvik Chieftein 95679 breeding line.
Parameters of protein, lipid and mineral metabolism in pigs receiving a sorbent additive
Authors: Prisnyi A A
Published: March 2021

This study provides evaluation of physiological status of sows and piglets during the period of raising and fattening and describes estimated concentrations, distribution and elimination of heavy metals and other toxicants from the animal body with a sorbent food additive introduced to their diet. We have studied the physiological status of sows and piglets they produced, under the effect of a novel sorbent additive made of raw hydroalumosilicates, and carried out physiological and biochemical assessment of prospects and reasonability of utilization of this additive in pig farming. This preparation in a dose of 120-150 mg/kg of the body mass was introduced to diet of pregnant sows, piglets at the phase of weaning and fattening pigs. Findings of our study allowed us to conclude that the investigated sorbent food additive had no negative effect on adequacy of vitamin levels in pigs in different age and gender groups. Increase in concentrations of some vitamins was attributable to reduction in the general toxic load on the animal body. At the same time, high ascorbic acid concentrations in blood of pregnant pigs and piglets not only activated different biological processes in the body but also facilitated removal of iron from ferritin. Thus, utilization of the sorbent food additive is a promising method for obtaining organic products.
The comparative analysis of the influence of fluorochinolones on the blood leucogram of chickens
Authors: Prisnyi A A , Moiseeva A A , Skvortsov V N , Yurin D V
Published: March 2021

In the present research we study the changes in ratio of different kinds of leucocytes in chickens of Hisex Brown cross following the application of fluoroquinolone antibiotic drugs. In the study we used Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Norfloxacin, Enrofloxacin. The control set was given pure drinking water throughout the experiment; each of the experimental groups was given water with one of the above-mentioned antibacterial fluoroquinolone drugs, the dosage being 200 mg/L. The leukogram contains the total number of leucocytes and the content of separate cell types and their total numbers. The study reveals significant and valid changes concerning the number of lymphocytes. On the seventh and the ninth days after the drug withdrawal all the fluoroquinolones except Ofloxacin caused lymphopenia. The valid changes in the number of pseudoeosinophils do not show clear tendencies, such changes are observed once under the influence of each drug on different days of the research. Levofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Ofloxacin cause refractory basophilia. The application of antimicrobial fluoroquinolone drugs in the course of ten days results in changes in the ratio of different kinds of leucocytes in chicken blood, but at the conclusion of the experiment every value in the leukogram returns to physiological standard.
Relationship of parameters that characterize the quality of live cocoons
Authors: Burkhanov Sh D , Mirsaatov R M , Khudoyberganov S B , Kadyrov B H
Published: March 2021

An important parameter for evaluating the technical and economic value of a batch of cocoons, along with silkiness (i.e., the ratio of the mass of shells to the mass of these cocoons as a percentage), is the volume stiffness of cocoons (i.e., the ratio of the external force acting on the cocoon to the amount of deformation of the cocoon shell). We propose to measure the volumetric stiffness using the FTI - 1M device, when an additional load is placed on the lid, which compresses the layer of live cocoons in the measuring container in height. It is obvious that the thinner the shell is, the greater the deformation of the cocoon layer will be. In addition, the volume stiffness was measured in this work by piece with a VC stiffener (i.e., a device for measuring the rigidity of the cocoon shell) separately for each breed with an error of 3%. These additional measurements confirmed the accuracy of the results obtained on the FTI - 1M device for volumetric stiffness. As a result, we obtained correlations between bulk stiffness and silkiness, as well as dependencies between bulk stiffness and shell thickness for various new breeds of silkworm cocoons: Marhamat, Marvarid, Asaka, and Yulduz. Linear dependencies are constructed based on the data presented in the corresponding table. The volume stiffness of various breeds of live cocoons increases both with increasing silkiness and the thickness of their shell. This is quite understandable, since the greater the silkiness, the thicker the shell, and therefore the greater the volume stiffness of the cocoon. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the silkiness of the Marvarid breed was lower than that of other breeds. Thus, this paper shows the possibility of determining the prospects of a particular breed by measuring and evaluating cocoons based on the correlation between silkiness and bulk stiffness or silkiness and the thickness of the shell of a cocoon sample.
Study of samples of spring barley from the collection of the All-Russian institute of crop production for resistance to biotic stress
Authors: Surin N A , Lipshin A G , Kozulina N S , Gerasimov S A , Vasilenko A V
Published: March 2021

Spring barley in Eastern Siberia occupies an important place among the main grain crops and is grown mainly for fodder purposes. Its grain can also be used in bakery, confectionery, pharmaceutical and other industries. In addition, barley is the main raw material for brewing. One of the reasons that have a significant impact on the formation of the yield and technological qualities of barley is the high susceptibility of the crop to phytopathogenic microflora, the strong development of which leads to their decrease. Barley is the most affected crop of the cereal group. The most common diseases are root rot, represented mainly by pathogens of the fusarium - helminthosporium complex. Fungi of the genus Bipolaris were identified in the forest-steppe zone, in the subtaiga zone - species of the genus Fusarium. Both are capable of infecting almost all underground and aboveground plant organs. According to the long-term data, root rot annually reduces grain yield by 20 - 23%. Samples of barley with resistance to damage by dark brown and striped barley spotting (7 points, reaction type - R) were identified; Heritage (USA), Condor, AC Albright (Canada), Malva (Latvia), Wash, Symphony (Ukraine), Viner (Kirov region), Pervocelinnik (Orenburg region), Vorsinsky 2 (Altai region) and Zauralsky 1 (Tyumen region).
Influence of seeding rates on yield and technological qualities of hemp fiber
Authors: Dimitriev V L , Makushev A E , Kayukova O V , Eliseeva L V , Shashkarov L G , Lozhkin A G
Published: March 2021

When solving problems aimed at increasing the yield of cannabis and the marketability of the industry, improving the quality of products and reducing its cost, and ultimately restoring the previous size of the sown area, seed seeding rates are of great importance. Research in our experiments was carried out with a hashish-free variety of monoecious cannabis of the Central Russian type Diana. Studies have shown that in thickened crops by the time of harvesting, the number of fallen plants reaches 5-19 pieces per 1 m2 or 3.79-10.67%. The dependence of plant height on the area of nutrition is most clearly shown in the flowering phase: with a decrease in seed seeding rates, the height of plants increases. In this phase, the greatest growth of plants occurs, which reaches 87.7-119.1 cm. With the expansion of the area of supply is greatly enhanced by the formation of items such as plant height, stem thickness at the root collar and the base of the inflorescence, the mass of the stem, which together determine the length of the inflorescence of the plant. With the thickening of crops, the yield of stems and fibers tends to increase. The highest yield of stems and fiber was obtained at a seeding rate of 3.2 million units per 1 ha. With an increase in the seeding rate, the yield of total and long fiber increases. The yield of short fiber decreases noticeably with an increase in the seeding rate. The highest yield of long fiber 26% was provided by thickened sowing with a seeding rate of 3.2 million units per 1 ha.
The effect of opioid leu-enkephalin on the agranulocyte link of the blood system in animals with hypothyroidism under stress
Authors: Garmaeva D V , Adushinov D S , Kuznetsov A I , Frolenco A O , Artemenco K M
Published: March 2021

In outbred white rats with experimental hypothyroidism under stress conditions, changes in the agranulocytic link of the blood system, phagocytic activity of monocytes/macrophages, and the corrective effect of opioid leu-enkephalin were studied. It has been established that leu-enkephalin (dalargin) causes persistent lymphocytosis, reduces lymphatisation of the red bone marrow by small lymphocytes, stimulates central lymphopoiesis, and activates peripheral lymphopoiesis.
Structure of the radial parenchyma of annual shoots of wild species of Tian-Shan mountain ash (Sorbus tianschanica Rupr.)
Authors: Bakhtaulova A S , Abdildauly A , Ukusheva T K , Atabayeva A M
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of a comparison of the anatomical structure of annual shoots of Tian Shan mountain ash growing in the highlands of the Dzhungarian Alatau. In the anatomical structure of the stem of the Tian Shan mountain ash, the ray parenchyma is represented mainly by single-row rays, two-, three- and four-row rays are few. This research provides as a theoretical basis for vegetative reproduction of Tian Shan mountain ash by green grafting.