bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct and maternal annual genetic changes for selected traits at weaning and yearling in beef cattle
Authors: Boligon Arione Augusti , Vicente Isadora Dos Santos , Roso Vanerlei Mozaquatro , Souza Fabio Pablos de
Published: March 2019

Heritability and direct and maternal genetic changes were estimated in Nellore cattle for the following traits: birth to weaning weight gain (BWG), weaning to yearling weight gain (YWG), weaning conformation (WC), weaning precocity (WP), weaning muscling (WM), yearling conformation (YC), yearling precocity (YP), yearling muscling (YM) and yearling scrotal circumference (SC). Direct and maternal heritability for weaning traits were 0.21±0.03 and 0.13±0.01 (BWG); 0.19±0.03 and 0.07±0.01 (WC); 0.22±0.03 and 0.07±0.01 (WP); 0.20±0.03 and 0.07±0.01 (WM), respectively. For yearling traits, direct heritability were 0.19±0.04 (YWG); 0.32±0.05 (YC); 0.37±0.05 (YP); 0.38±0.05 (YM) and 0.41±0.04 (SC). Positive and significant direct genetic changes (p < 0.05) were found for all traits, except for WC (p = 0.09), equal to 0.138 kg year-1 (BWG), 0.003 units year-1 (WC), 0.011 units year-1 (WP), 0.009 units year-1 (WM), 0.132 kg year-1 (YWG), 0.003 units year-1 (YC), 0.011 units year-1 (YP), 0.011 units year-1 (YM) and 0.020 cm year-1 (SC), indicating favorable genetic gains in the period. For weaning traits, we obtained negative and non-significant (p > 0.05) maternal genetic trends, with values of -0.084 kg year-1 (BWG), -0.004 units year-1 (WC), -0.004 units year-1 (WP) and -0.004 units year-1 (WM). Thus, greater emphasis should be given for maternal genetic merit of weaning traits in this population, if improvements in maternal ability were desirable.
Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã pasture with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing
Authors: Timm Luiz Carlos , Haygert-Velho Ione Maria Pereira , Bolke Delvacir Rezende , Antunes Gustavo Veiverberg , Alessio Dileta Regina Moro , Velho João Pedro
Published: March 2019

This study analyzed the behavior of the annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) BRS Ponteio and dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum) BRS Tarumã with different doses of ammonium sulfate as topdressing and evaluated the exponential growth model to explain the physiological development of both species. For each species, a completely randomized design was used with four replications per treatment with 9m2 area, in which the following treatments were distributed: 0, 150, 250, 350 and 450 kg nitrogen per hectare applied as ammonium sulfate. The cumulative and adjusted productions to the exponential growth model at the end of the cycle were, respectively: BRS Ponteio 150 = 5,620; 250 = 5,920; 350 = 7,585 and 450 = 8,491 and BRS Tarumã 150 = 3,922; 250 = 5,060; 350 = 7,024 and 450 = 7,491 kg dry matter per hectare. The cultivars analyzed without nitrogen application had limited growth and showed no adjustment even to the first order linear model. The application of nitrogen decreased the interval between cuts and increased dry matter production per hectare following the exponential growth model.
Extended adipofascial wrap around radial forearm flap for hard palate reconstruction
Authors: C. Ashok B. , Nagaraj Pradeep Kumar , Vasudevan Srikanth , Rao Anantheshwar Y. N. , Nagireddy Sudarshan Reddy , Batth Ritu Singh
Published: March 2019

Background: While using radial forearm free flap in palate reconstruction, the pedicle lies in the nasal floor, constantly exposed to the nasal secretions and turbulent air current. To overcome this problem, we have designed a procedure which utilises the adipofascial extension to wrap the pedicle and nasal side of the flap. Materials and Methods: The study was done during 2017 and 2018, 2 years’ period. Totally 13 consecutive patients with defect in the palate status post-oncological resection and those in whom local flaps were not enough to cover the defect were included into the study. These patients were divided into two groups. First group in whom adipofascial extension was not used to cover the pedicle and second group in whom adipofascial extension was used to cover the pedicle. The incidence of nasal crusting, secondary haemorrage, blow out and flap necrosis were analysed and compared. Results: In Group 1, we had 2 among 6 (33%) patients with secondary haemorrage. One patient had partial flap loss. On exploring, we noticed thrombosis of cephalic vein. We did not had any incidence of blow out of the pedicle. In Group 2, none of the patients had any secondary haemorrage. All flaps healed well. On doing nasal endoscopy at 6 months of follow-up, all flaps showed complete mucosalisation at the nasal side. Conclusion: Use of adipofascial extension while planning a radial forearm free flap to cover the nasal side of the flap and pedicle in the nasal floor helps to reduce the nasal crusting and secondary haemorrhage.
Orlicz Addition for Measures and an Optimization Problem for the -divergence
Authors: Hou Shaoxiong , Ye Deping
Published: March 2019

This paper provides a functional analogue of the recently initiated dual Orlicz–Brunn–Minkowski theory for star bodies. We first propose the Orlicz addition of measures, and establish the dual functional Orlicz–Brunn–Minkowski inequality. Based on a family of linear Orlicz additions of two measures, we provide an interpretation for the famous$f$-divergence. Jensen’s inequality for integrals is also proved to be equivalent to the newly established dual functional Orlicz–Brunn–Minkowski inequality. An optimization problem for the$f$-divergence is proposed, and related functional affine isoperimetric inequalities are established.
The Bombieri–Vinogradov Theorem on Higher Rank Groups and its Applications
Authors: Jiang Yujiao , Lü Guangshi
Published: March 2019

We study the analogue of the Bombieri–Vinogradov theorem for $\operatorname{SL}_{m}(\mathbb{Z})$ Hecke–Maass form $F(z)$. In particular, for $\operatorname{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$ holomorphic or Maass Hecke eigenforms, symmetric-square lifts of holomorphic Hecke eigenforms on $\operatorname{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$, and $\operatorname{SL}_{3}(\mathbb{Z})$ Maass Hecke eigenforms under the Ramanujan conjecture, the levels of distribution are all equal to $1/2,$ which is as strong as the Bombieri–Vinogradov theorem. As an application, we study an automorphic version of Titchmarch’s divisor problem; namely for $a\neq 0,$$$\begin{eqnarray}\mathop{\sum }_{n\leqslant x}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}(n)\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}(n)d(n-a)\ll x\log \log x,\end{eqnarray}$$ where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}(n)$ are Fourier coefficients $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{f}(n)$ of a holomorphic Hecke eigenform $f$ for $\operatorname{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$ or Fourier coefficients $A_{F}(n,1)$ of its symmetric-square lift $F$. Further, as a consequence, we get an asymptotic formula $$\begin{eqnarray}\mathop{\sum }_{n\leqslant x}\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}(n)\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{f}^{2}(n)d(n-a)=E_{1}(a)x\log x+O(x\log \log x),\end{eqnarray}$$ where $E_{1}(a)$ is a constant depending on $a$. Moreover, we also consider the asymptotic orthogonality of the Möbius function against the arithmetic function $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}(n)d(n-a)$.
Large Irredundant Sets in Operator Algebras
Authors: Hida Clayton Suguio , Koszmider Piotr
Published: March 2019

A subset ${\mathcal{X}}$ of a C*-algebra ${\mathcal{A}}$ is called irredundant if no $A\in {\mathcal{X}}$ belongs to the C*-subalgebra of ${\mathcal{A}}$ generated by ${\mathcal{X}}\setminus \{A\}$. Separable C*-algebras cannot have uncountable irredundant sets and all members of many classes of nonseparable C*-algebras, e.g., infinite dimensional von Neumann algebras have irredundant sets of cardinality continuum.

There exists a considerable literature showing that the question whether every AF commutative nonseparable C*-algebra has an uncountable irredundant set is sensitive to additional set-theoretic axioms, and we investigate here the noncommutative case.

Assuming $\diamondsuit$ (an additional axiom stronger than the continuum hypothesis), we prove that there is an AF C*-subalgebra of ${\mathcal{B}}(\ell _{2})$ of density $2^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}_{1}$ with no nonseparable commutative C*-subalgebra and with no uncountable irredundant set. On the other hand we also prove that it is consistent that every discrete collection of operators in ${\mathcal{B}}(\ell _{2})$ of cardinality continuum contains an irredundant subcollection of cardinality continuum.

Other partial results and more open problems are presented.
Implicações do trabalho noturno na saúde e desempenho dos acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: da Rocha Oliveira Mayara , Silva Luis Antonio
Published: March 2019

This study aims at presenting a reading about the relationship between the exercise of the night job and their implications on the academic acting and the nursing students' health condition. Considering the desincronization of the circadian rhythm and of the cycle of the sleep caused by the night job, a series of physical, mental and social alteration may happen 2 for the worker, what can influence the execution of the activities nursing curriculares and consequently the students' acting. It is a descriptive and exploratory research, of nature quanti-qualitative that using questionnaire application obtained as main results complaints regarding the mental, physics health and to the decrease of the leisure with relatives and friends. As for the academic acting low disapproval index was observed and academic acting to regulate the students.
O que ver, ouvir e aprender?
Authors: Dutra Gramigna Viviane
Published: March 2019

Philosophy has been all around time understood as pedagogical: its main purpose was to trans-fain the way we think, act and even to affect ourselves and others. Even when philosophy doesn't appear to change anything, it shows fundamental to human activities, such as when related to moral education. Although there is a crisis and profound disagreements related to the way teaching Philosophy should allow, at the same time, to human and virtual society development. it, many times, is related to utilitarian teaching and transmitting ideas. Therefore, Philosophy in its reflective intention should detect the danger that threaten teaching and demonstrate learning ways, in other words, to show that every one is able to see in a diferent way what they have and what they could have around.
Desempenho acústico para edificações habitacionais a partir de critérios adotados pela ABNT NBR 15575/2013
Authors: Cunha de Oliveira da Silva Débora , Buss Woelffel Anderson
Published: March 2019

The number of sources of noise grow along with the development of cities through the use of motorized transport, industrial and recreational activities. Such noises cause discomfort for its inhabitants, in addition to the emergence of diseases linked to stress and continuous exposure. One aspect that comes to NBR 15,575/2013 is the issue of acoustic comfort of buildings. This study aims to identify and implement project requirements and criteria of the Brazilian Norm - NBR 15,575/2013: Building Housing - performance when it comes to the acoustic performance of the building, to cooperate with the acoustic comfort of the residential building. Methodologically, held bibliographical and documentary research, field research, and the launch of an architectural design proposal at the level of architectural preliminary design. The main result, there is to develop an architectural design with acoustic treatment is possible, from a prior review of technical knowledge available on the subject, in addition to the correct use of attenuators materials of sound, to meet the user demand for a decent housing with adequate acoustic comfort.
Noções básicas de primeiros socorros: relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão rural
Authors: Da Silva Bertoldo Caren , Wickert Daiana Cristina , De Quadros Severo Maciel Victória , Piccin Catiele , Lima Silva Jordana , Lopes Munhoz Oclaris , Schimith Maria Denise
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de discentes do Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) da graduação em Enfermagem no desenvolvimento de capacitações acerca de noções básicas de primeiros socorros em área rural. Síntese dos dados: Trata-se de um relato de experiência a partir da vivência prática de discentes do PET Enfermagem de uma universidade da região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil, no desenvolvimento de capacitações acerca dos primeiros socorros para produtores rurais. As atividades ocorreram de agosto de 2016 a dezembro de 2017. Realizaram-se encontros nos municípios de Toropi, Dilermando de Aguiar, Ivorá, Silveira Martins e Faxinal do Soturno, localizados na região central do RS. Os temas abordados foram: choques elétricos, acidentes com animais peçonhentos, intoxicação por agrotóxicos, queimaduras, obstrução de vias áreas, afogamento e parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR). Acredita-se que atividades extramuros da universidade, promovidas por meio de projetos de extensão, propiciam ao discente complementar a sua formação, enquanto profissional da saúde, ao mesmo tempo que fomentam as ações de educação em saúde, facilitando o acesso à informação de populações rurais, caracterizadas, muitas vezes, com baixo nível de conhecimento devido ao difícil acesso. Conclusão: Ações educativas, como as descritas neste relato, possibilitam a troca de saberes entre os envolvidos, promovendo a disseminação de conhecimento acerca das situações de emergência e também o desenvolvimento das habilidades relacionadas às práticas de enfermagem. A capacitação da população leiga nesse assunto possui extrema importância no atendimento inicial em situações de emergência.
Technical note: The role of evolving surface tension in the formation of cloud droplets
Authors: Davies James F. , Zuend Andreas , Wilson Kevin R.
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The role of surface tension (σ) in cloud droplet activation has long
been ambiguous. Recent studies have reported observations attributed to the
effects of an evolving surface tension in the activation process. However,
the adoption of a surface-mediated activation mechanism has been slow and
many studies continue to neglect the composition dependence of
aerosol–droplet surface tension, using instead a value equal to the surface
tension of pure water (σw). In this technical note, we
clearly describe the fundamental role of surface tension in the activation of
multicomponent aerosol particles into cloud droplets. It is demonstrated that
the effects of surface tension in the activation process depend primarily on
the evolution of surface tension with droplet size, typically varying in the
range 0.5σw≲σ≤σw due to
the partitioning of organic species with a high surface affinity. We go on to
report some recent laboratory observations that exhibit behavior that may be
associated with surface tension effects and propose a measurement coordinate
that will allow surface tension effects to be better identified using
standard atmospheric measurement techniques. Unfortunately, interpreting
observations using theory based on surface film and liquid–liquid phase
separation models remains a challenge. Our findings highlight the need for
experimental measurements that better reveal the role of
composition-dependent surface tensions, critical for advancing predictive
theories and parameterizations of cloud droplet activation.
Characterizing uncertainties in atmospheric inversions of fossil fuel CO2 emissions in California
Authors: Brophy Kieran , Graven Heather , Manning Alistair J. , White Emily , Arnold Tim , Fischer Marc L. , Jeong Seongeun , Cui Xinguang , Rigby Matthew
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric inverse modelling has become an increasingly useful tool for
evaluating emissions of greenhouse gases including methane, nitrous oxide, and
synthetic gases such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Atmospheric inversions for
emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion (ffCO2) are
currently being developed. The aim of this paper is to investigate potential
errors and uncertainties related to the spatial and temporal prior
representation of emissions and modelled atmospheric transport for the
inversion of ffCO2 emissions in the US state of California. We
perform simulation experiments based on a network of ground-based
observations of CO2 concentration and radiocarbon in CO2
(a tracer of ffCO2), combining prior (bottom-up) emission models
and transport models currently used in many atmospheric studies. The
potential effect of errors in the spatial and temporal distribution of prior
emission estimates is investigated in experiments by using perturbed versions
of the emission estimates used to create the pseudo-data. The potential
effect of transport error was investigated by using three different
atmospheric transport models for the prior and pseudo-data simulations. We
find that the magnitude of biases in posterior total state emissions arising
from errors in the spatial and temporal distribution in prior emissions in
these experiments are 1 %–15 % of posterior total state emissions and
are generally smaller than the 2σ uncertainty in posterior emissions.
Transport error in these experiments introduces biases of −10 % to
+6 % into posterior total state emissions. Our results indicate that
uncertainties in posterior total state ffCO2 estimates arising from
the choice of prior emissions or atmospheric transport model are on the order
of 15 % or less for the ground-based network in California we consider. We
highlight the need for temporal variations to be included in prior emissions
and for continuing efforts to evaluate and improve the representation of
atmospheric transport for regional ffCO2 inversions.
Variable habitat depth of the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in the northern high latitudes explained by sea-ice and chlorophyll concentration
Authors: Greco Mattia , Jonkers Lukas , Kretschmer Kerstin , Bijma Jelle , Kucera Michal
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Neogloboquadrina pachyderma is the dominant species in the polar regions. In the northern high latitude ocean, it makes up more than 90 % of the total planktonic foraminifera assemblages, making it the dominant pelagic calcifier and carrier of paleoceanographic proxies. To assess the reaction of this species to future climate change and to be able to interpret the paleoecological signal contained in its shells, its habitat depth must be known. Previous work showed that N. pachyderma in the northern polar regions has a highly variable depth habitat, ranging from the surface mixed layer to several hundreds of metres below the surface, and the origin of this variability remained unclear. In order to investigate the factors controlling the habitat depth of N. pachyderma, we compiled new and existing population density profiles from 104 stratified plankton tow hauls collected in the Arctic and the North Atlantic Oceans during 14 oceanographic expeditions. For each vertical profile, the Depth Habitat (DH) was calculated as the abundance-weighted mean depth of occurrence. We then tested to what degree environmental factors (mixed layer depth, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, Chlorophyll a concentration and sea ice concentration) and ecological factors (synchronised reproduction and daily vertical migration) can predict the observed DH variability and compared the observed DH behaviour with simulations by a numerical model predicting planktonic foraminifera distribution. Our data show that the DH of N. pachyderma varies between 25 m and 280 m (average ~ 100 m). In contrast with the model simulations, which indicate that DH is associated with the depth of chlorophyll maximum, our analysis indicates that the presence of sea-ice together with the concentration of chlorophyll at the surface have the strongest influence on the vertical habitat of this species. N. pachyderma occurs deeper when sea-ice and chlorophyll concentrations are low, suggesting a time transgressive response to the evolution of (near) surface conditions during the annual cycle. Since only surface parameters appear to affect the vertical habitat of N. pachyderma, light or light-dependant processes might influence the ecology of this species. Our results can be used to improve predictions of the response of the species to climate change and thus to refine paleoclimatic reconstructions.
Glacial CO2 decrease and deep-water deoxygenation by iron fertilization from glaciogenic dust
Authors: Yamamoto Akitomo , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Ohgaito Rumi , Ito Akinori , Oka Akira
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Increased accumulation of respired carbon in the deep ocean associated with enhanced efficiency of the biological carbon pump is thought to be a key mechanism of glacial CO2 drawdown. Despite greater oxygen solubility due to sea surface cooling, recent quantitative and qualitative proxy data show glacial deep-water deoxygenation, reflecting increased accumulation of respired carbon. However, the mechanisms of deep-water deoxygenation and contribution from the biological pump to glacial CO2 drawdown have remained unclear. In this study, we report the significance of iron fertilization from glaciogenic dust for glacial CO2 decrease and deep-water deoxygenation using our numerical simulation, which successfully reproduces the magnitude and large-scale pattern of the observed oxygen changes from the present to Last Glacial Maximum. Sensitivity experiments reveal that physical changes (e.g., more sluggish ocean circulation) contribute to only half of all glacial deep deoxygenation, whereas the other half is driven by enhanced efficiency of the biological pump. We found that iron input from the glaciogenic dust with higher iron solubility is the most significant factor for enhancement of the biological pump and deep-water deoxygenation. Glacial deep-water deoxygenation expands the hypoxic waters in the deep Pacific and Indian Ocean. The simulated global volume of hypoxic waters is nearly double the present value, which suggest that the glacial deep-water is sever environment for the benthic animals. Our model underestimated the deoxygenation in the deep Southern Ocean due to enhanced ventilation. The model-proxy comparison of oxygen change suggest that the stratified Southern Ocean is required for reproducing oxygen decline in the deep Southern Ocean. Enhanced efficiency of biological pump contributes to decrease of glacial CO2 by more than 30 ppm, which is supported by the model-proxy agreement of oxygen change. Our findings confirm the significance of the biological pump in glacial CO2 drawdown and deoxygenation.
En pleno día y 大白天. Observaciones sobre el carácter 大 [ta51] como traducción del adjetivo pleno
Authors: Song Yang
Published: March 2019

En el presente trabajo, se observa, gracias a la comparación de algunas obras originales deGabriel García Márquez con sus traducciones en chino, que el adjetivo español pleno puede traducirsecomo 大 [ta51], lo cual nos parece un tema interesante y lo analizaremos con más detalle acontinuación. De esta forma, se estudia cuándo se puede traducir de esta forma, para lo cual esimprescindible investigar, sobre todo, el uso de 大 en esta lengua asiática. Así, de acuerdo con los doscorpus masivos del chino, se ha considerado este carácter desde un punto de vista semántico,gramatical, pragmático y sociocultural, y se han indicado las condiciones necesarias para sutraducción.
Reseña de "La insoportable levedad del acusar. El lenguaje de la valoración en las querellas de la Fiscalía Superior de Cataluña contra Carme Forcadell i Lluís", de Giovanni Garofalo
Authors: Yúfera Irene
Published: March 2019

Reseña de "La insoportable levedad del acusar. El lenguaje de la valoración en las querellas de la Fiscalía Superior de Cataluña contra Carme Forcadell i Lluís", de Giovanni Garofalo
Which image types do universities tweet?
Authors: Stuart Emma , Thelwall Mike , Stuart David
Published: March 2019

Universities use social media to attract prospective staff, students, and funding; to engage with current students; and to support teaching and learning. Images on social media are becoming particularly dominant, and whilst Twitter is not primarily an image-based social media service, nonetheless 36 percent of links shared on Twitter point to an image. This research paper compares the types of images that universities post on Twitter to the results of previous research that has investigated the types of images that universities post on Instagram, in order to better understand how universities are using the two services for image sharing.The most popular type of image tweeted by universities was showcasing (61 percent), followed by humanizing images (20.9 percent). The dominance of showcasing images on Twitter fits with the notion of Twitter as an information source rather than a networking source, with it predominantly being used as a means of one-way communication with current students to broadcast university-specific information, rather than for attracting prospective staff, students, and funding, or to support teaching and learning.
Cyber Pearl Harbor: Analogy, fear, and the framing of cyber security threats in the United States, 1991-2016
Authors: Lawson Sean , Middleton Michael K.
Published: March 2019

During the two and a half decades leading up to the Russian cyber attacks on the 2016 U.S. presidential election, public policy discourse about cybersecurity typically framed cybersecurity using metaphors and analogies to war and tended to focus on catastrophic doom scenarios involving cyber attacks against critical infrastructure. In this discourse, the so-called “cyber Pearl Harbor” attack was always supposedly just around the corner. Since 2016, however, many have argued that fixation on cyber Pearl Harbor-like scenarios was an inaccurate framing that left the United States looking in the wrong direction when Russia struck. This essay traces the use of the cyber Pearl Harbor analogy and metaphor over the 25-year period preceding the Russian cyber attacks of 2016. It argues that cyber Pearl Harbor has been a consistent feature of U.S. cybersecurity discourse with a largely stable meaning focused on catastrophic physical impacts. Government officials have been primarily responsible for driving these concerns with news media uncritically transmitting their claims. This is despite the fact that such claims were often ambiguous about just who might carry out such an attack and often lacked supporting evidence.
Recent Dickens Studies: 2017
Authors: Cook Susan E.
Published: March 2019

This essay surveys Dickens scholarship and adaptations published in 2017, summarizing over two hundred books, chapters, articles, and other forms of media. Scholarship from 2017 featured a focus on biography and source studies; print culture including authors, readers, and publication practices; intermediality; language, form, and genre; science, religion, and philosophy; finance, economics, and class; geography, travel, and empire; gender and sexuality; animals and the environment; visual culture and museum culture; food; pedagogy and education; and editions, notes, and other resources. This review includes several web-based resources related to Dickens that may be of interest to scholars, as well as several adaptations.
Determinants of Tax Compliance Behaviour under the Self-Assessment Scheme in Nigeria
Authors: Anyaduba John Obiora , Oboh Timothy
Published: March 2019

This study examined the determinants of tax compliance behaviour under the self-assessment scheme in Nigeria. A non-random stratified sampling technique was used to evaluate taxpayer behaviour. Data was also gathered using questionnaire from three of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria, namely South-South, South-West and North central zones respectively. The specific locations were Edo state, Lagos state, and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja resulting in 550 respondents which were analysed. The results showed that tax audit and awareness of offences and penalties had a positive and significant impact on tax compliance behaviour under the self-assessment scheme in Nigeria. Simplicity of tax administration and returns, tax knowledge and taxpayers’ integrity had a positive but not significant impact on tax compliance behaviour under the self-assessment scheme in Nigeria. The study recommends that the tax authorities should enhance the capacity of tax audit and ensure that there are sufficient tax officials to facilitate tax audit exercise, create greater awareness of the various offences and penalties through the mass media and undertake an upward review of extant penalties.
A participação e a influência de Jânio Quadros na política paranaense (1958-1961)
Authors: Batistella Alessandro
Published: March 2019

O ano de 2017 marcou o centenário de nascimento de um dos mais controversos políticos brasileiros do século XX: Jânio da Silva Quadros. Natural de Campo Grande (atual estado do Mato Grosso do Sul), Jânio viveu parte da sua infância e adolescência em Curitiba. Na década de 1930, sua família mudou-se para São Paulo, onde Jânio iniciou a sua meteórica carreira politica em 1947. Em menos de dez anos, Jânio foi eleito vereador, deputado estadual, prefeito e governador de São Paulo. Em 1960, Jânio foi eleito presidente da República, renunciando após apenas sete meses de mandato. No entanto, convém lembrar que antes de ser eleito presidente, em 1960, Jânio havia sido eleito deputado estadual pelo Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro (PTB) do Paraná em 1958. Assim, Jânio teve uma relação pessoal e político-partidária muito próxima com o Paraná. Dessa forma, o presente artigo pretende analisar a participação e a influência politica de Jânio Quadros na política paranaense entre os anos de 1958 a 1961.
Federalização da Universidade do Paraná: a voz dissonante de Plínio Tourinho
Authors: Campos Névio De , De Souza Eliezer Felix
Published: March 2019

Este artigo trata do problema da federalização do ensino superior no Paraná, privilegiando um olhar sobre a posição de Plínio Tourinho que fez defesa do ensino superior livre em 1950, durante o processo de federalização da Universidade do Paraná. Assim, reconstitui a narrativa dessa personagem que posicionou-se contrariamente à federalização do ensino superior, apoiando-se na entrevista concedida por ele ao inquérito sobre a federalização e na produção acadêmica que aborda os debates e as políticas do ensino superior no Brasil. Esta análise evidencia que Plínio Tourinho contrapôs-se à federalização da Universidade do Paraná, sem deixar de defender a manutenção e ampliação da subvenção estatal, caracterizando uma visão de ensino particular com forte reverberação na história da educação brasileira.
La palabra de los represores y el problema de la verdad en Argentina. Reflexiones a partir de los dichos de Eduardo "Tucu" Costanzo
Authors: Salvi Valentina Isolda
Published: March 2019

A partir de las declaraciones realizadas por el imputado, Eduardo Tucu Costanzo, en el marco de la causa Guerrieri I, primer juicio por crímenes de lesa humanidad en la cuidad de Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fé (2009-2010), este artículo se propone, por un lado, analizar lo efectivamente dicho por un represor que rompió el “pacto de silencio” y sus condiciones de posibilidad; y por otro lado, dar cuenta de los efectos que esa palabra provocó una vez que fue puesta en circulación, el modo en que fue tratada, el carácter que se le otorgó, los debate suscitados y los respuestas y reacciones generadas entre los actores sociales involucrados personal y políticamente en el proceso judicial en Rosario. El contenido de las declaraciones de Costanzo como los efectos y reacciones que provocó permiten plantear una serie de cuestiones más generales respecto del lugar que ocupan los represores y su palabra en los procesos memoriales así como sobre los sentidos sobre la concepción de verdad que la circulación pública de esta palabra condensa
A aproximação e a instalação dos aparatos de Controle do Poder Judiciário em Campo Mourão-PR.
Authors: Da Luz Leandro Moreira , Fagundes Bruno Flávio Lontra
Published: March 2019

O artigo apresenta, a partir de análises e reflexões, os cenários e contextos regulatórios nos quais estão inseridos os atores sociais presentes nos primeiros processos-crime de Campo Mourão, que datam entre os anos 1928 e 1949. Além dos acontecimentos constantes nestes autos, analisamos decisões regulamentares, leis, medidas administrativas e, também, literaturas acadêmicas referentes à ocupação do território neste período. O interesse em ler e analisar estas fontes se deu exatamente na expectativa de encontrar documentos que flagrassem os indivíduos sujeitos aos exames disciplinares pelos agentes do Poder Judiciário – homens e mulheres – agindo e descrevendo os sentidos de suas relações cotidianas em meio às políticas disciplinares e às possíveis tensões entre poderes e resistências.
A Critical Examination of the Arab Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of their Academic Arabic Proficiency in Three EMI Universities in the UAE
Authors: Masri Taghreed Ibrahim
Published: March 2019

The overwhelming power that English enjoys has become a threat to many indigenous languages that are losing the battle against English dominance and hegemony. One facet for this threat is the use of English as a medium of instruction (EMI). The EMI policy has been a naturalized and taken-for-granted practice without questioning or problematizing. As a result, academic Arabic is almost absent from the academic scene in the UAE higher education. This study aims to problematize the use of English as medium of instruction at three universities in the United Arab Emirates. It also aims to critically explore the perceptions of Arab university students who were in Arabic schools, of their Arabic proficiency after studying at university. Based on critical theoretical framework and approached from interpretive and critical paradigms, the study used a mixed-methods approach of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. 268 surveys and 20 semi-structured interviews showed that students were aware of the decline in their Arabic proficiency due to studying via English. Results also indicated that students showed symptoms of Academic language attrition.
Common Writing Errors Among EFL Students at Dhofar University in Oman: An Analytical Study
Authors: Sabtan Yasser Muhammad Naguib , Elsayed Abdelkader Mohamed Abdelkader
Published: March 2019

The present study aims to analyze the common writing errors made by EFL students at Dhofar University in the Sultanate of Oman. The study included 93 first-year students enrolled in a university requirement course. The students’ written English essays were collected to carry out the analysis. A number of errors in the students’ essays are identified and classified into various types. The results of the analysis of the students’ writing samples show that the common errors of EFL students at Dhofar University are basically related to spelling and grammar. Spelling and grammatical errors are classified into different types, with a frequency count for each type of error. Grammatical errors account for the biggest number of errors which are distributed on eight different types. These types are listed in order based on their frequency as follows: (1) verb tense and form, (2) plurality (3) subject-verb agreement (4) prepositions (5) part-of-speech (6) word order (7) articles (8) adjective form. Spelling errors, on the other hand, are classified into four types which are listed in order as follows: (1) omission (2) substitution (3) insertion (4) transposition. Based on these results, a number of recommendations for treatment of writing errors are suggested.
Studying Dictionary Use Among the Law Graduates in Pakistan: A Lexicographic Inquiry
Authors: Khan Mamona Yasmin , Sibtain Masroor
Published: March 2019

Specialized Lexicography as it stands today owes much to the user’s centred approach while dictionary making. The present study empirically investigates the use of law dictionaries by the law graduates in Pakistan. The study has taken account of dictionary usage among the Pakistani law graduates within the framework of Function Theory of Lexicography. The study being descriptive qualitative research is placed within pragmatic paradigm. A sample of six hundred law students, who were non-native learners of English and learning this language in ESP context, was drawn and responses were recorded through data tools i.e., questionnaire, semi-structured protocols and observation as favoured in other studies of the similar nature mostly outside Pakistan. Data were analysed through SPSS and presented in tables and graphs. The analysis of qualitative data, however, is based on thematic approach. The study revealed that that existing law dictionaries do not cater to the decoding as well as encoding language needs of the learners although they were found more in need to consult lexicographical resources in law studies because of the complex nature of legal discourse. The study also revealed that the law graduates sadly lacked in awareness regarding both the right choice of law dictionaries best suited to address their potential needs and skills to exploit the dictionary (ies) in order to retrieve the required information successfully. They preferred to use monolingual, bilingual law dictionaries, general purpose dictionaries (hard copy and digital) along with the online resources as a good combination to solve their language problems. Moreover, their reference skills were found weak which may be improved through explicit instructions on dictionary use. The study is part of a doctoral research.
Temporary Immersion Bioreactors: Establishment of Cassava
Authors: Golle Diego Pascoal , Koefender Jana , Horn Roberta Cattaneo , Piuco Natália , Kaiper Cristiane , Camera Juliane Nicolodi
Published: March 2019

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz-Euphorbiaceae) is one of the most important crops for world agriculture. It is the main source of many family’s calorie intake and contributes toward food security. Its cultivation is necessitated sterile vegetative propagules with essential physiological and genetic quality, which can be obtained by plant tissue culture techniques. However, the maintenance of in vitro propagation processes requires automation, making large-scale production feasible. This work aimed at developing protocols for the establishment of cassava cultivation in Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs). Two nutrient media (MS medium reduced to half-strength of the salt concentration and the same formulation plus 4,43µM of 6-Benzylaminopurine [BAP]) and different culture cycles were evaluated in Bioreactors (15 minutes of immersion and 4 hours of stationary phase [15M4H]; 15 minutes of immersion and 8 hours of stationary phase [15M8H]). The establishment of culture in bioreactors was promising. Based on our results, the use of MS medium without growth regulators was more effective for shoot formation; there were differences in the 15M4H cycle when growth regulators were used. However, the 15M8H cycle had better performance in both treatments: with or without growth regulators. The use of culture medium without BAP led to better rooting; calli formation increased when BAP was used. The present research investigation indicated the use of MS medium reduced to half- strength the salt concentration without the presence of growth regulator and the use of the culture cycle constituted by 15 minutes immersion and 8-hour intervals in stationary phase was effective for Cassava cultivation in TIBs.
Sanitary and Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds Treated With Ozone
Authors: Rodrigues Vitor O. , Penido Amanda C. , Pereira Diego de S. , Oliveira Ariadne M. S. , Mendes Alan Eduardo S. , Oliveira João Almir
Published: March 2019

Widely used, the seeds chemical treatment can cause physiological quality loss due to phytotoxicity that the active principles may cause. In this context, the ozone gas stands out (O3) as efficient agent biocide, however its use in the pathogens control and their effects on the seeds physiological quality are still little studied. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the ozone gas efficiency as a controller agent of plant pathogens and its effect on the physiological quality of soybean seeds. For this, seeds of two soybean cultivars were treated with ozone gas in two concentrations (15 and 25 g/m³) and in five exposure times (0, 20, 40, 60 and 120 minutes). After the treatments, the seeds quality was evaluated by tests of sanity, tetrazolium, first germination count, germination percentage, initial stand, emergence percentage, emergence speed index, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and enzymatic activity. Six pathogens were found in seeds of soybeans evaluated, namely: Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Cercospora kikuchi and Alternaria sp. It was concluded that the sanitary treatment with ozone gas reduces the incidence of these fungi and does not compromise the physiological quality of soybean seeds.
Characterization and Classification of Soils of the Terra da Esperança Settlement Project in Chapada do Apodi, Brazil
Authors: Costa Joseane Dunga da , Portela Jeane Cruz , Farias Phâmella Kalliny Pereira , Sobrinho Francisco Ernesto , Souza Carolina Malala Martins , Lopes Thaís Cristina de Souza , Silva Francisco Wellington Andrade
Published: March 2019

Soil characterization and pedological classification are essential to define its main potentials and restrictions. The objective of this work was to classify the morphological, physical, chemical, and pedological attributes of soils of the Terra da Esperança Settlement Project (TESP) in Chapada do Apodi, Brazil, and find the most sensitive attributes for distinguishing them using multivariate analysis. The research was carried out in the TESP, in the municipality of Governor Dix-Sept Rosado, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Ten sites were chosen to open representative soil profiles: Native Forest Area 1 (NFA1), 2 (NFA2), and 3 (NFA3), Collective Area with Native Forest (CNF), Agroecological Area (AEA), Cashew crop Area (CCA) Collective Area with Pasture 1 (CAP1), and 2 (CAP2), Permanent Preservation Area (PPA), and Cajaraneira (Spondia sp.) Orchard Area (COA). Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected and subjected to physical and chemical analysis for soil classification. The soils classes found were: Cambissolo Haplico Carbonatico vertissolico (NFA1), Cambissolo Haplico Carbonatico tipico (CNF, and AEA), Cambissolo Haplico Ta Eutrofico tipico (CAP2, NFA2, and COA), Cambissolo Haplico Ta Eutrofico vertissolico (NFA3), Argissolo Vermelho Distrofico latossolico (CCA), Chernossolo Rendzico Ortico saprolitico (CAP1), and Neossolo Fluvico Ta Eutrofico tipico (PPA). The material of origin of the soils contributed to the presence of a calcic horizon in the profiles NFA1, CNF, AEA, CCA (Cambissolos), and CAP1 (Chernossolos). The textural class of the soils varied from sand to clay. The Argissolo (CCA) presented acid character, high aluminum saturation, low base saturation, dystrophic character, and low cation exchange capacity, forming horizons with chemical limitations, due to its latossolico character. The most sensitive attributes for distinguishing the soil classes were related to the source material, which directly influenced the soil physical (silt and clay) and chemical (acidity, salinity, nutrient availability, and clay activity) attributes.
Management Alternatives for Pratylenchus brachyurusin the Soybean Crop
Authors: Amorim Deucleiton Jardim , Ferreira Antonio Gabriel da Costa , Figueirinha Kessia Tenorio , Ferreira Lusiane de Sousa , Freitas José Roberto Brito , Almeida Edmilson Igor Bernardo , Amorim Francisca Frenna Verezza Rodrigues de , Deifeld Hellen Patricia Dantas , Doihara Izumy Pinheiro , Sousa Washinton da Silva
Published: March 2019

In the Maranhão cerrado, Pratylenchus brachyurus phytonematoid is present in soybean plantation areas, occurring significant losses. At this aspect, the aim was to evaluate the effect of crop succession in the reduction of population and damage of P. brachyurus on soybean. Treatments consisted of soybean cultivation on soybean (T1, control) and soybean cultivated in succession on the “straw” of Crotalaria ochroleuca (T2), C. spectabilis + millet ‘ADR 300’ (T3), millet ‘ADR 300’ T4), Brachiaria ruziziensis (T5), maize ‘GNZ 2005’ + B. ruziziensis (T6) and maize ‘GNZ 2005’ (T7). The following characteristics were evaluated: P. brachyurus infestation in soil and plant height, plant height, productivity, number of plants per plot, number of pods per m², number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of a thousand grains, total mass and dry matter The highest populations of P. brachyurus have been found in conventional soybean cultivation on soybean, or when grown on maize straw ‘GNZ 2005’, B. ruziziensis and maize ‘GNZ 2005’ + B. ruziziensis. In turn, small populations of phytonematoid occurred in the succession of the soybean with C. ochroleuca, millet ‘ADR 300’ and systems consortium of these two cultures. In order to improve soybean yield in the Maranhão cerrado, it is recommended to use C. spectabilis during the off-season, as an option to reduce the population of P. brachyurus, as well as in the intercropped intercrop with ‘ADR 300’ millet and on its single crop.
Evaluation of the Effect of Farmer Input Support Program (FISP) on Small-Scale Farmers in the Kara Region of Togo
Authors: Alavo John-Philippe Essiagnon , Cogbe Emefa Adzowa-Sika , Li Xiangmei , Endelani Gershom Mwalupaso , Eltom Ekram Abdalgadir , Korotoumou Mariko , Ethetie Aseres Mamo
Published: March 2019

The government of Togo reintroduced Farmer Input Support Program (FISP) as one of its Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS) in 2002. Since the introduction of the program, the studies that evaluate its effects on income have focused either on fertilizer or seed component, but not on both, which made it a challenge to find out what improvements in small-scale farmers’ productivity can be attributed to FISP as a whole. Using Propensity Score Matching technique with collected data from 150 randomly surveyed households in the Kara region of Togo, the authors of the study estimated the impact of FISP on beneficiary households’ output from maize production. The results show that FISP augmented household annual maize income by 30.8% and total household income by 13.9% for both 2016/17 and 2017/18 cropping seasons. However, even though FISP is achieving its objective of improving small-scale farmers’ income, this increment is still not large enough to take households above the poverty line, and the effects of FISP to reduce overall poverty is also limited.
Characterization and Classification of Halomorphic Soils in the Semiarid Region of Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pessoa Luiz Guilherme Medeiros , Freire Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos , Filho José Coelho de Araújo , Santos Patrícia Ribeiros dos , Miranda Márcio Fléquisson Alves , Freire Fernando José
Published: March 2019

The properties of halomorphic soils are controlled by the presence of either soluble salts, exchangeable sodium or both, and it is important to know and understand these properties in order to reforest and/or recover the soils. The objective of this study was to characterize and classify halomorphic soils from the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil. Four profiles of halomorphic soils were studied, which were described morphologically and the samples were collected from all soil horizons. Physical and chemical analyzes of the soils were carried out for classification purposes, as well as geochemical speciation of the soluble salts. According to the results, P1 and P3 were classified as Fluvisols, and P2 and P4 as Cambisols. It was observed that the studied soil profiles have the predominance of fine particles, which prevents the leaching and subsequent removal of salts from the soil profile. Soils presented high levels of exchangeable sodium, characterizing them as sodium solids throughout the profile. Ionic speciation analysis indicated the predominance of free forms of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+, HCO3-, Cl- and SO42- and combinations of calcium, magnesium and sodium chloride and sulfate salts. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the studied halomorphic soils presented high levels of degradation by salts and sodium and that these types of soils are strongly related to the Fluvisols and Cambisols.