bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Snow-Cover Area and Runoff Variation under Climate Change in the West Kunlun Mountains
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , Yan Wei , Zhao Chengyi , Kundzewicz Zbigniew W.
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the climate in the arid region of Northwest China has become warmer and wetter; however, glaciers in the north slope of the West Kunlun Mountains (NSWKM) show no obvious recession, and river flow is decreasing or stable. This contrasts with the prevalent response of glaciers to climate change, which is recession and initial increase in glacier discharge followed by decline as retreat continues. We comparatively analyzed multi-timescale variation in temperature–precipitation–snow cover-runoff in the Yarkant River Basin (YRK), Karakax River Basin (KRK), Yurungkax River Basin (YUK), and Keriya River Basin (KRY) in the NSWKM. The Mann–Kendall trend and the mutation–detection method were applied to data obtained from an observation station over the last 60 years (1957–2017) and MODIS snow data (2001–2016). NSWKM temperature and precipitation have continued to increase for nearly 60 years at a mean rate of 0.26 °C/decade and 5.50 mm/decade, respectively, with the most obvious trend (R2 > 0.82) attributed to the KRK and YUK. Regarding changes in the average snow-cover fraction (SCF): YUK (SCF = 44.14%) > YRK (SCF = 38.73%) > KRY (SCF = 33.42%) > KRK (SCF = 33.40%). Between them, the YRK and YUK had decreasing SCA values (slope < −15.39), while the KRK and KRY had increasing SCA values (slope > 1.87). In seasonal variation, the SCF of the three of the basins reaches the maximum value in spring, with the most significant performance in YUK (SCF = 26.4%), except for YRK where SCF in spring was lower than that in winter (−2.6%). The runoff depth of all river basins presented an increasing trend, with the greatest value appearing in the YRK (5.78 mm/decade), and the least value in the YUK (1.58 mm/decade). With the runoff response to climate change, temperature was the main influencing factor of annual and monthly (summer) runoff variations in the YRK, which is consistent with the runoff-generation rule of rivers in arid areas, which mainly rely on ice and snow melt for water supply. However, this rule was not consistent for the YUK and KRK, as it was disturbed by other factors (e.g., slope and slope direction) during runoff generation, resulting in disruptions of their relationship with runoff. This research promotes the study of the response of cold and arid alpine regions to global change and thus better serve regional water resources management.
Anthropogenic Effects on Hydrogeochemical Characterization of the Shallow Groundwater in an Arid Irrigated Plain in Northwestern China
Authors: Wang Luchen , Mei Yi , Yu Kun , Li Ying , Meng Xuchen , Hu Fusheng
Published: October 2019

Many irrigated plains in arid and semi-arid regions have groundwater quality issues due to both intensive human activity and natural processes. Comprehensive studies are urgently needed to explore hydrogeochemical evolutions, investigate possible pollution sources, and understand the controls on groundwater compositions in such regions. Here, we combine geostatistical techniques and hydrogeochemical assessments to characterize groundwater quality over time in the Yinchuan Plain (a typical irrigated plain in China), using 12 physicochemical variables derived from sampling in 600 and 602 wells in 2004 and 2014, respectively. Our results show that groundwater-rock interactions and evaporation are the key natural factors controlling groundwater compositions. Hydrogeochemical water types in both 2004 and 2014 were Ca-HCO3, Na-Cl, and mixed Ca·Mg-Cl. Along with the hydrogeochemical compositions, we used ionic ratios and the saturation index to delineate mineral solution reactions and weathering processes. Dissolution of gypsum, halite, fluorite, and mirabilite, along with silicate weathering and cation exchange, were identified in the study area. Our results indicated rising ion concentrations in groundwater, which could be the result of anthropogenic influences. Increasing total hardness and nitrates over the study period were most likely caused by agricultural activity and the discharge of waste water from human residential areas.
Impacts of Emerging Agricultural Practices on Groundwater Quality in Kahe Catchment, Tanzania
Authors: Lwimbo Zuberi D. , Komakech Hans C. , Muzuka Alfred NN.
Published: October 2019

This paper assesses the impacts of farmers’ intensive use of agrochemicals (fertilizers and pesticides) on groundwater quality in the Kahe catchment. Samples were collected during the wet and dry seasons of the year 2018 and analyzed for the presence of agrochemicals in the water. Groundwater chemistry was dominated by magnesium-sodium-bicarbonate (Mg-Na-HCO3−). The cations levels were in the trend of Mg2+ >Na+ > Ca2+ > K+, whereas anions were HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− for both seasons. The NO3− had an average value of about 18.40 ± 4.04 and 7.6 ± 1.7 mg/L in the wet and dry season, respectively. Elevated levels of nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and ammonium were found in water samples collected near the large-scale sugarcane plantation in the catchment. For both seasons, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu concentrations averaged approximately 0.08 ± 0.03, 0.11 ± 0.03, 0.16 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01, 0.46 ± 0.05, and 0.55 ± 0.02 mg/L, respectively. On the other hand, the concentrations were higher in shallow wells than in the deep boreholes. Pesticides’ residues were below the detection limit in all sampled groundwater. The findings from this study provide important information for intervention in groundwater quality management in Kahe Catchment, Tanzania.
Evaluation of the Effect of Irrigation on Biometric Growth, Physiological Response, and Essential Oil of Mentha spicata (L.)
Authors: Marino Stefano , Ahmad Uzair , Ferreira Maria Isabel , Alvino Arturo
Published: October 2019

A field experiment was performed on spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) under different irrigation regimes in a hilly area of Southern Italy. Objectives of the study include evaluating the physiological and biometrical response of mint from plant establishment up to its complete maturation, as well as the yield composition in essential oil at two different dates. Increasing levels of water stress affected later developing leaves and plant’s water status and net photosynthesis (from the beginning of stress (DAT 63), while affecting negatively the biometric response very soon and significantly from 35 DAT. Photosynthesis limitation played a critical role from DAT 53 on, namely later, in the harvest period (DAT 35–70). Under severe water stress, crop restricted water losses by modulating stomatal closure and, at harvest, showing lowered mesophyll conductance. Irrigation treatments did not affect the concentration of organic compounds, while the yield of essential oils was negatively affected by water stress due to reduced crop growth, in terms of total and leaf biomass, leaf area index (LAI) and crop height.
Trends in the Development of the Balance of Payments and the International Investment Position of Russia
Authors: Petrikova E. M.
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the economic and statistical analysis of trends in the development of statistical data on the balance of payments and the international investment position of Russia over the past 15 years, indicating the sustainable development of the foreign economic sector of the Russian economy.

The article begins with addressing the scope and subject matter of the study of the balance of payments and the international investment position of the country. Then the author examines external economic activities for each of the three periods depicting the inﬂuence of the crisis phenomena in the global economy in 1998, 2008 and 2014. Within these periods the author considers the interaction of the world and Russian economies, serious reduction of the external sector of the Russian economy in these periods of crisis and generally the deterioration of the results of foreign economic activity of the country. Comparing the balance of payments and international investment position before and after crisis periods it is possible to note the good state government management of the external sector of the Russian economy, which helped to restore the balance of payments of the country and to increase its net international investment position after the crisis.

On a ﬁnal note, it is concluded that the most eﬀective and eﬃcient for external regulation in a crisis is the so called proﬁtable method when the expense of centralized redistribution of income and cash management of ﬁnancial ﬂows, is formed in the margin in the markets, determines the scale and direction of cash ﬂows, are governed by incorporated in the cost of exported products yield. The market method with the help of tariﬀ pricing and regulation does not allow to fully control and predict the vector of cash ﬂows in a crisis, redistribute proﬁtability between sectors of the economy and even “save” borrowers in crisis situation.
The Project of State Statistics Reform by A.M. Zolotarev in the Light of the International Statistical Congresses Decisions
Authors: Yamaguchi Akiyoshi
Published: October 2019

The article examines how the outcome of international statistical congresses shaped A.M. Zolotarev (1853-1912) ideas regarding the reform of Russian state statistics. From 1903 to 1911 A.M. Zolotarev served as director of the Central Statistical Committee (CSC) of the Ministry of the Interior.

A draft reform prepared on his initiative was submitted to the State Duma in 1908 and then rejected by the State Council in 1910. The structure of state statistics in the A.M. Zolotarev project was consistent with the resolutions of international statistical congresses, mainly the 6th (Florentine) congress of 1867. The outcome of this congress was taken into consideration by the ﬁrst head of the Central Statistical Bureau P.I. Popov (1872-1950) when establishing a centralized statistical system for Soviet Russia in 1918.

In this work the author used materials of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). Although those documents date back to the beginning of the XX century the range of issues that they cover still interest both international statistical community and scholars in Russia. For instance, the statisticians discuss the organization of local statistical bodies, the issues of centralization and decentralization of the statistical system, the subordination of oﬃcial statistics to other authorities and governing bodies. This article describes the historical context and aspects of establishing the statistical system in Russia and explores the inﬂuence of international practices on this process. In current conditions, this paper is relevant for deﬁning directions for reforming the statistics system today.
Experimental mineralogy : achievements and prospects
Authors: Yoder Hatten Schuyler
Published: October 2019

Part I : One aspect of the progress in experimental mineralogy, the capability of sustaining in the laboratory the pressures and temperatures believed to exist in the earth, is reviewed, from Réaumur (1727) to the present. The dominance of the French schools in the earliest period of growth, the impact of Sir James Hall's study of the melting of calcite under pressure, the evolution of the principles of phase equilibria and their application to phase diagrams, and the importance of eutectics and crystal fractionation are highlighted. The early history of the quenching technique used in examining high-temperature phase equilibria, the pioneering development of apparatus that could withstand relatively high pressures, and the recognition of the role of volatiles in mineral synthesis and growth are described. The major developments of high-pressure apparatus include externally and internally heated gas-media devices, solid-media pressure vessels, simple squeezers, and the related diamond-anvil, high-pressure cells. Conditions equivalent to those at the core-mantle boundary can now be sustained in the laboratory.

Part II : As a result of the dramatic developments in high-pressure and high-temperature apparatus as well as in a wide variety of characterization techniques, at least eight major areas of basic research in experimental mineralogy are believed to be appropriate for expanded effort. These include (1) synthesis and characterization of mirerals and mineral assemblages stable in the mantle and core, (2) measurement of crystal structure at high pressures and temperatures simultaneously, (3) determination of the structure of silicate liquids and development of theories for nucleation and melting, (4) kinetics of mass transfer in crystals and liquids including crystal zoning, order-disorder, metasomatism, aggregation, convection, and mixing of magmas, as well as the diffusion and infiltration of elements through porous media under both stressed and hydrostatic conditions, (5) study of materials of minute dimension, especially the groundmass of igneous rocks, sea-bottom sediments, fibers, and clays, (6) characterization of organic minerals such as those in coal and particularly determination of the influence of living organisms on the growth of inorganic crystals (biomineralization), and (7) study of silicate systems in hydrogen at low pressures, simulating the condensation and aggregation of the primordial earth. The challenge of the future is primarily the discovery of mineral resources for the use of mankind. Basic research in (8) the principles of element concentration is considered the most important contribution to be made by the next generation of experimental mineralogists.
Further studies of Bohdanowiczite (AgBiSe2) and some associated minerals
Authors: Banas Marian , Atkin David , Bowles John F. W. , Simpson Peter R.
Published: October 2019

Bohdanowiczite is a new mineral recently described from uranium-polymetallic mineralization which occurs in the vicinity of the magnetite bearing skarns of the Kletno fluorite deposit (Poland). The mineral occurs there intimately intergrown with other selenide and sulphide phases such as clausthalite and wittichenite. Microprobe analysis of the clausthalite shows that it contains 19 mol. % galena in solid solution which correlates with XRD and reflectance measurements. The copper bismuth sulphide occurring in this deposit is shown by microprobe analysis, XRD and reflectance measurements to be wittichenite not emplectite as previously supposed, and it contains only 2 wt % selenium. Similar studies of the bohdanowiczite show that it contains 17 mol. % of the matildite (AgBiS₂) molecule and that its cell size indicates the existence of a natural solid solution series between matildite and pure AgBiSe₂. The emulsion textures of this intergrowth and the chemical association indicate that first the wittichenite and later the bohdanowiczite were exsolved from an early clausthalite phase rich in Cu, Bi, Ag, S. The S/Se ratio of the bohdanowiczite has been strongly influenced by that of the host clausthalite but this has not influenced the wittichenite which shows distinct partitioning of Cu and S.
La comblainite, (Ni2+x, Co3+1-x)(OH)2(CO3)(1-x)/2 • y H2O, nouveau minéral du groupe de la pyroaurite
Authors: Piret Paul , Deliens Michel
Published: October 2019

Comblainite occurs at Shinkolobwe, uranium deposit from Shaba, Zaïre. Turquoise blue cryptocrystalline crusts. Refractive indices : n'g = 1.690 and n'p = 1.684 with low birefringency. CO₂, H₂O and OH⁻ investigated by infrared spectrometry and thermogravimetry, Co and Ni by microprobe analysis, valence states of Ni and Co by ESCA. Chemical formula :

(Ni²⁺[x], Co³⁺[1-x])(OH)₂(CO₃)[(1-x)/2] • yH₂O,

with x near 2/3. Rhombohedral with a = 7.796 Å and a = 22.47°. Cell volume : 60.7 Å³. Strongest powder diffraction lines (d, I, hkl) : 7.64 Å (100) 003, 2.567 Å (70) 012 and 3.808 Å (50) 006. Structural group of pyroaurite and close similarity with takovite from Takovo (Serbia). Named after G. Comblain, mineralogist-technician (Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, Tervuren).
Synthèse hydrothermale de la bénitoite
Authors: Christophe Michel-Lévy Mireille , Gouet Geneviève , Wyart Jean
Published: October 2019

Synthesis of benitoite, from the oxides, between 270 and 450 °C with water. The only well-crystallized benitoite is obtained at 300 °C in alkaline sodic solutions. Growth of the crystals from germs.
Essai de synthèse du diamant
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigeto , Setaka Nobuo
Published: October 2019

A mechanical mixture composed of carbon monofluoride and copper has given rise to diamond when one has exploded it in a closed tube by applying a shock wave from without. The pressure and the duration of this shock amounted to 0.6 mega-bars and 10⁻¹² seconds, respectively. Diamond prepared here has been detected crystallographically by means of electron diffraction.
Affinement de la structure de la vivianite Fe3(PO4)2• 8 H2O
Authors: Fejdi Pavel , Poullen Jean-François , Gasperin Madeleine
Published: October 2019

La vivianite, Fe₃(PO₄)₂.8 H₂O, est monoclinique C2/m avec a = 10,086, b = 13,441, c = 4,703 Å ; β = 104,27° ; Z = 2. Sa structure, déjà décrite par Mori et Ito à partir d'intensités recueillies sur films a été redéterminée au moyen de données diffractométriques et affinée jusque R = 4,1 % pour 1 887 réflexions. Les résultats confirment le modèle précédent et permettent la mise en évidence de quatre liaisons hydrogène nécessaires à la stabilité du minéral.
Étude de l'acidité de produit poreux obtenus par traitement acide d'un minéral interstratifié mica vermiculite
Authors: Le Dred Ronan , Dominiak Philippe , Wey Raymond
Published: October 2019

Le traitement acide d'un minéral interstratifié mica vermiculite, en paillettes de 1 à 4 mm², gonflées d'eau, conduit à des produits poreux (surface spécifique ≤ 630 m²/g, volume poreux ≤ 0,56 cm³/g).

La chimisorption d'ammoniac met en évidence des sites acides de Brönsted et de Lewis ainsi que d'autres sites adsorbants ne pouvant pas être assimilés avec certitude à des sites acides. Les sites acides de Brönsted (< 0,9 . 10⁻⁴ siteg/g SiO₂) ont pour origine les cations accessibles et hydratés de la charpente autres que les ions hydrogène et silicium. Les sites acides de Lewis (< 0,4. 10⁻⁴ siteg/g SiO₂) ont pour origine les ions aluminium accessibles et déshydratés. L'hydratation transforme les sites acides de Lewis en sites acides de Brönsted. Les autres sites adsorbants (< 10⁻⁴ siteg/g SiO₂) pourraient être des doubles ponts oxyde et des cavités. Les teneurs en sites et leur force acide dépendent des conditions de préparation des produits poreux.
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) study of geologically deformed potassic feldspars
Authors: Sacerdoti Michele , Labernadière Henri , Gandais Madeleine
Published: October 2019

On présente des feldspaths provenant de granites schistosés. L'examen géologique de la roche suggère que la déformation s'est développée en régime de cisaillement simple en conditions des schistes verts de basse pression (pression de confinement d'environ 2 kbar, température inférieure à 500 °C). L'observation des feldspaths au microscope électronique en transmission révèle qu'ils ont été déformés principalement par glissement de dislocations ; un stade d'écrouissage s'est finalement instauré.
Orcelite and associated minerals in the Ni — Fe — As — S system in chromitites and orthopyroxenites of Nebral, Málaga, Spain
Authors: Oen Ing Soen , Kieft Cornelis , Burke Ernest Alexander Julius , Westerhof Aenaeus Bernardus
Published: October 2019

Chromitites and orthopyroxenites at Nebral, Mâlaga, Spain, contain disseminated nickel arsenides and sulfides. The assemblage maucherite-pentlandite (25-30 at. % Ni)-heazlewoodite-parkerite equilibrated at inferred temperatures of 524-400 °C. Maucherite inclusions in heazlewoodite that are interpreted as exsolutions from Ni3 + xS2 and locally preserved contents of 1.4 wt % sulfur in maucherite suggest a precursor assemblage S-rich maucherite-pentlandite-Ni3±xS2 that existed between 610-524 °C. Possibly pentlandite was formed around 610 °C through reaction of monosulfide ss and Ni3±XS2. Later reactions with serpentinizing solution at inferred temperatures around 450 °C caused dissolution cracks in maucherite rims, iron-enrichment in maucherite and reaction rims of orcelite and orcelite-maucherite intergrowths around maucherite. Millerite was formed as P-NiS below 379 °C through replacement of heazlewoodite and pentlandite. Equilibration reactions at this stage tended to formation of an assemblage S-free maucherite-S-free orcelite-pentlandite (30-34 at. % Ni)-millerite-parkerite. The assemblage maucherite-orcelite-heazlewoodite that is stable at 450 °C is replaced at low temperatures by maucherite-orcelite-millerite. Replacement of pentlandite and millerite by violarite-polydymite represents the latest alterations.

Orcelite from Nebral is identical to synthetic Ni5_xAs2 and has a composition (Ni, Fe, Cu)4 4_4 2(As, S)2 0 with maximally 1.4 wt % Fe, 0.3 wt % Cu and 1.4 wt % S. Solid solution in orcelite extends to (As, S)-richer compositions than as indicated for the pure synthetic system.
Évolution minéralogique et chimique des bauxites au cours de leur genèse dans les gisements de l'Ariège (France)
Authors: Gout Robert , Klein Jean-Louis , Monchoux Pierre
Published: October 2019

The beds of bauxite of Ariège are schematically constitued, from lying wall to hanging wall, of clays with kaolinite and hematite, red bauxites with prevailing diaspore and hematite, white bauxites with prevailing boehmite and little hematite.

Few red bauxites contain poorly crystallized diaspore which deshydrates at lower temperature than normal diaspore. This diaspore was synthetized by grinding gibbsite and goethite at 150 °C. The infrared spectrum suggests a hydrogen bond relatively weak which explains the lower temperature of dehydration.

The different varieties of diaspore and goethite presently known are compared.

The mineralogical and chemical data suggest the transformation of clays in red bauxites by leaching of only silica and crystallization of gibbsite, then the formation of white bauxite by leaching of only iron. After hiding, at approximatly 100 °C and 800 bars, diaspore forms in red bauxites and boehmite in white bauxites. In bauxites of Ariège, the iron concentration is one determinating factor in the formation of either monohydrate.
Cristallisation fractionnée d'un magma basaltique alcalin : la série de la Chaîne des Puys (Massif central, France). I. Pétrologie
Authors: Maury René Charles , Brousse Robert , Villemant Benoît , Joron Jean-Louis , Jaffrezic Henri , Treuil Michel
Published: October 2019

The Chaîne des Puys (French Massif Central) volcanic series results from the fractional crystallization of mildly potassic alkali basalt, between 1,200 and 900 °C, under oxygen fugacities higher than the FMQ buffer and increasing with differentiation and under water pressures (less than total pressures) reaching several kilobars. The differentiation, characterized by an important increase of silica activity, leads to oversaturated residual liquids (quartziferous trachytes) through potassic hawaiites, mugearites and benmoreites ; it results mainly from the fractionation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, amphibole and magnetite. It is shown that the increase of silica activity, well indicated by the mineralogy and the geochemistry of the lavas, does not result from crustal contamination, but from the fractionation of aluminous clinopyroxene and from the separation of kaersutitic amphibole at the level of the potassic mugearites.
Cristallisation fractionnée d'un magma basaltique alcalin : la série de la Chaîne des Puys (Massif central, France). II : Géochimie
Authors: Villemant Benoît , Joron Jean-Louis , Jaffrezic Henri , Treuil Michel , Maury René Charles , Brousse Robert
Published: October 2019

The behavior of hygromagmaphile elements (U, Th, Ta, La), and determination of mineral partition coefficients (feldspars, olivines, clinopyroxenes, amphibole, mica, titanomagnetite) are used for interpretation of trace elements analyses on samples of the Chaîne des Puys (Massif Central, France). Existence and unicity of the series generated by a fractional crystallization process are proved. We follow qualitatively the mineralogical evolution and we determine quantitatively some of the essential physical parameters : temperature, f[O₂], degree of différenciation (f) for any sample, proportions of each mineralogical phase which crystallizes and chemical composition of initial melt. The properties of this primary melt prove a direct mantellic origin, without initial contamination, which takes place in a geodynamic area of distention tectonic.
"Theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero in the poetry of Alexander Blok: genesis and ways of artistic realization
Authors: Koptelova Nataliya G.
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, which is a characteristic feature of Alexander Blok’s poetry. It is shown that the desire for theatre, as the highest art form, meets the resistance of the lyrical way of knowing the world that prevails in Alexander Blok’s creative mind. This leads to the fact that the streams of lyricism and theatre in his artistic system collide and interact. As a result, traits which are inherent in the creative thinking of playwrights, actors and stage directors and organic for Alexander Blok are realised on the basis of lyricism. It is proved that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero in Alexander Blok's poetry is expressed both in the reincarnation of the subject, revealing autopsychological experiences (then the reception of the "lyrical mask" arises), and in the statement of the role principle. It is emphasised that the "theatricalisation" of the lyrical hero, occurring in Alexander Blok's verses, leads to the creation of characters whose inner world can be in the most varying degrees of distance from the author's consciousness.
Republics of Donbass as an international political and legal precedent
Authors: Gruzdev Vladislav V. , Levchenkov Aleksandr I.
Published: October 2019

The article analyses the events taking place in Donbass from 2014 to 2019, to be exact, the very fact of the appearance of the peoples' republics of Lugansk and Donetsk, the way in which these republics appeared and the way of their possible international legalisation. The study was carried out not only at Russian, but also at the international level. The authors' vision of solving the problem is proposed, in particular, the idea is that the implementation of the fundamental (universal) principle of modern international law – the principle of universal respect for human rights and freedoms in conditions of the Ukraine military operation affecting the citizens of the republics in the sphere of influence of Russia – is impossible without implementing the principle of self-determination of peoples and nations. Only with such concrete conflict binding, the principle of self-determination of peoples and nations can predominate over the principles of territorial integrity and inviolability of borders.
History of self-determination of the people of Donbass. experience of the Soviet Republic of Donetsk and Krivoy Rog
Authors: Gruzdev Vladislav V. , Babichev Dmitriy A. , Babicheva Natal'ya A.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the burning problem that arose in 2014 in the Ukraine, in the regions of Lugansk and Donetsk, and that concerns the right of the people of Donbass to self-determination. This problem is not only of a local territorial nature, but it is also one of the most complex debatable problems of international law. Since the right to self-determination contradicts the principle of territorial integrity of the state, the consideration and solution of this issue is the most burning for the whole population living on the territory of the self-proclaimed people's republics of Lugansk and Donetsk. In the article, the authors analyse the concept of "self-determination of the people" and give a generalised characteristic of it, approving that it is the right of every nation to solve the issues of state structure, political status, economic, social and cultural development independently and at its own discretion. The author also examines the historical past of the people of Donbass, where, in terms of the Republic of Donetsk and Krivoy Rog and various documentary historical and legal materials, we come to the conclusion that the population of Donbass has the right to social, economic, cultural, spiritual and other development just as all the recognised countries of the world.
Military schools for training officers and non-commissioned officers created and operated in Russia in the late 18th century
Authors: Benda Vladimir N.
Published: October 2019

Which are of considerable interest or the 18th century history of the creation and development of the Russian system of military schools of the Russian Empire conducting courses for military personnel for land and special forces of the Russian army, are the schools that were created in the last quarter of the 18th century. The author traces the history of the creation and development of Shklow noble school and the Orphanage, later renamed the Imperial Military orphanage. The author comes to the conclusion that Shklow noble school was a multinational and multi-confessional educational institution. The establishment of the Military orphanage was one of the means for the formation of the newly formed estate of soldiers' children. The article summarises the new material on the topic under study, previously unpublished sources and literature are introduced into scientific circulation.
Digitalisation as a means of anti-corruption legal policy in the sphere of health care
Authors: Meshcheryakova Anzhela V. , Mazurenko Andrey P.
Published: October 2019

The article deals with issues of combating corruption in the health sector. The authors note that the level of corruption in general and in the healthcare sector, in particular, continues to grow. The main reasons causing corruption crimes in the mentioned area are analysed among which, the low level of income and social protection of health care workers stand out; the stratification of Russian health care "for the rich", "middle class" and "for the poor"; corporate solidarity of medical workers in concealing corruption in the health sector; forced participation of citizens in the corruption of health care, etc. The authors propose anti-corruption tools, one of which may be digitalisation and the effective use of medical information systems and technologies. In their opinion, digitalisation in the field of healthcare should lead to the complete satisfaction of the population’s need for medical care, its optimisation, quality improvement and cost reduction, and, accordingly, more effective anti-corruption efforts.
Anti-corruption component of activity of the office of the plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasian federal district: state and prospects
Authors: Gadzhiyev Abdulkhakim K .
Published: October 2019

Single topical issues of anti-corruption in activity of the office of the plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasian federal district are considered in the present article . The main directions are defined and the content of operation of the office of the plenipotentiary representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North-Caucasian federal district on implementation of anti-corruption policy of the Russian state is analysed. The conducted research allowed to formulate the provision on expediency of account and loan in operation of offices of plenipotentiary representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts of positive experience of anti-corruption in the system of federal organs of the executive authority regarding its methodological support and also to make the proposal on prospects of establishment in offices of plenipotentiary representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in federal districts of the Commissions on office ethics.
Economic inequality global knowledge in the context of historical research of social policy issues
Authors: Nikiforov Yuriy S.
Published: October 2019

The article presents an overview of the international scientific conference "The Global Knowledge of Economic Inequality. The Measurement of Income and Wealth Distribution since 1945", which took place on November 15 to 17, 2018, at the German Historical Institute London (United Kingdom). The conference was dedicated to the state and to prospects of research into the problems of economic inequality in the world. The main attention of the conference participants was focused on issues of the welfare state, economic inequality, its measurement, income, wealth, and poverty in various perspectives. More than 30 people made presentations in English and in discussions, including scientists from the UK, China, Russia, the USA, Germany, France and other countries.
"Word of Daniel the Immured" as a manifesto of the autocracy in Russia of the 12th century
Authors: Zhilyakov Sergey V.
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the problem of functional and genre belonging of the "Word of Daniel the Immured", and considers the problem of dating the work. We reveal that the semantic "impenetrability" of the "Word" is connected, first, with the phenomenon of the text of the transition period, which determines the ideological and everyday (biographical) concept. It is shown that the "Word" is a Manifesto of autocracy, representing the "expressed" stereotype of behavior, which destroys the boundaries of the previous canons both in genre and stylistic terms, since the synthetic worldview discrediting the usual mental positions, no longer works at the level of the norm, it is an object of parody (new) and at the same time selectively traditional poetics. In this connection, the "Word" is unusual for any listener who does not live in that era, the era of the 12th century – the time of tectonic cultural and historical shifts, when old traditions die, and new ones are just emerging. This fluid (amorphous) process is reflected in the phenomenon of "Word of Daniel the Immured", presented as a mystery for the modern researcher.
identifikasi identifikasi faktor penyebab keputihan pada remaja putri
Authors: Sari. AZ Winna Kurnia
Published: October 2019

Vaginal discharge is out fluid besides blood from vaginal glands outside the habit, either smelling or not, and accompanied by a local itch. The treatment factors that affect vaginal discharge are attitude, motivation, exposure of information, and parents of vulva hygiene. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship of attitude, motivation of informational exposure, and the role of parents to vulva hygiene with vaginal discharge at adolescent girls at SMAS Pertiwi of Jambi city 2018. This type of research uses analytic survey method with cross sectional approach. Population of this research is all schoolgirl class X and XI in SMAS Pertiwi Jambi which amounted to 86 people. The sample taken in this study is total population data collecting technique in this study using primary data with questionnaire data analysis using chi square statistic. The result of the research is attitude relationship (p value 0,001), motivation (p value 0,029), exposure of information (p value 0,000), parents role (p value 0,006), vulva hygiene (p value 0,001) with vaginal discharge. For statistic logistic regression there is the most dominant variable to the vaginal discharge of female adolescent in SMAS Pertiwi of Jambi city, that is the variable of information exposure with p value - 0,056. The conclusion of this study is that the variable of information exposure simultaneously with the vulva hygiene variable affects vaginal discharge. Advice on young women to know the causes and dangers of vaginal discharge so them can improve the quality of health, especially reproductive health.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP SISWI DENGAN PENANGANAN DISMENOREA DI SMA ISLAM AL-FALAH KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Ginting Marinawati
Published: October 2019

Dismenorea  merupakan  salah satu gangguan menstruasi yang sering dialami wanita. Prevalensi dismenorea diperkirakan 45-90% di Amerika Serikat Tingginya angka tersebut diasumsikan dari berbagai gejala yang belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan  pengetahuan dan sikap siswi dengan penanganan dismenorea di SMA Islam Al-Falah Kota Jambi Tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi kelas X dan XI SMA Islam Al-Falah Kota Jambi yang berjumlah 167 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 61 orang yang diambildengan teknik proportional random sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 06 Juni 2018 di SMA Islam Al-Falah Kota Jambi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik chi square.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 61 responden, 27 responden (44,3%) memiliki pengetahuan cukup, 31 responden (50,8%) memiliki sikap tidak mendukung dan 30 responden (49.2%) melakukan penaganan disminorea tidak baik. Ada hubungan sikap siswi dengan penanganan dismenorea karena nilai p value (0,029) < 0,05.Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai gambaran dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi remaja khususnya dalam melakukan penanganan dismenorea di SMA Islam Al-Falah Kota Jambi.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN TERHADAP PEMILIHAN PERSALINAN DI BPM WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MUNCAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Jalilah Nurul Hidayatun
Published: October 2019

Menurut WHO AKI di negara berkembang masih tinggi daripada di negara maju, salah satu upaya untuk menekan AKI adalah dengan menganjurkan masyarakat untuk melakukan persalinan di tenaga kesehatan terlatih dan di fasilitas kesehatan. Saat ini persalinan di BPM merupakan salah satu pilihan masyarakat selain fasilitas kesehatan lainnya. Di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Muncan terdapat 4 BPM yang tersebar di masing-masing desa, dimana pemilihan persalinan di BPM cukup tinggi, berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang telah peneliti lakukan sebelumnya, 9 dari 10 orang ibu hamil lebih memilih persalinan di BPM dengan alasan faktor pelayanan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional, jumlah sampel 59 ibu hamil trimester III yang melakukan ANC di BPM. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2019 dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Spearman Rank. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai P dari masing-masing faktor yaitu: jarak (0,389), riwayat ANC (0,006), fasilitas (0,329), kepuasan pasien (0,000), sikap bidan (0,002). Kesimpulannya, 3 dari 5 faktor yang diteliti memiliki hubungan terhadap pemilihan persalinan di BPM wilayah kerja Puskesmas Muncan Kabupaten Lombok Tengah.
HUBUNGAN PENGHARGAAN, TANGGUNG JAWAB, PENGAWASAN, HUBUNGAN INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KADER POSYANDU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI BENGKAL KABUPATEN TEBO TAHUN 2017
Authors: Bunawar KMS
Published: October 2019

Program posyandu merupakan strategi jangka panjang untuk menurunkan angka  kematian bayi, angka kelahiran bayi, dan angka kematian ibu  turunnya  di suatu daerah merupakan standart keberhasilan pelaksanaan program terpadu di suatu wilayah tersebut. Untuk mempercepat penurunan angka tersebut diperlukan peran serta masyarakat dalam mengelola dan memanfaatkan posyandu karena posyandu adalah milik  masyarakat,dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat dan ditujukan untuk  kepentingan masyarakat.

Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional, dimana penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi kerja kader Posyandu.. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kader posyandu diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Bengkal Kabupaten Tebo tahun 2017 berjumlah 140 orang dengan jumlah sampel 57 orang dengan melakukan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner pada kader posyandu. Cara pengambilan sampel yaitu Random Sampling.

Berdasarkan uji chi square di dapat P value 0,002 terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penghargaan dengan motivasi kerja Kader Posyandu, P value 0,001 terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tanggung jawab dengan motivasi kerja Kader Posyandu, P value 0,000 terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Pengawasan dengan motivasi kerja Kader Posyandu, P value 0,000 terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hubungan interpersonal dengan motivasi kerja Kader Posyandu, P value 0,000 terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hubungan interpersonal dengan motivasi kerja Kader Posyandu p di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Bengkal Kabupaten Tebo Tahun 2017. analisis multivariat variabel yang memiliki pengaruh dengan motivasi kerja kader posyandu adalah variabel pengawasan dengan nilai OR 8.061 artinya kader dengan pengawasan  yang memuaskan akan memiliki motivasi 8 kali lebih tinggi dari pada kader dengan pengawasan yang kurang memuaskan

Upaya yang dilakukan sebaiknya Agar dapat memberikan pembinanaan kepada kader posyandu secara rutin dan memberikan penghargaan-penghargaan bagi kader posyandu tidak selalu berbentuk insentif tetapi memberikan penghargaan dalam bentuk lain, contohnya seperti memberikan piagam atau piala pada lomba posyandu
HUBUNGAN UMUR PENGETAHUAN DAN PEKERJAAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS KENALI BESAR KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Triseptinora Rica
Published: October 2019

Pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu upaya untuk memperoleh tumbuh kembang bayi yang baik. Karena ASI mengandung semua nutrisi penting yang diperlukan bayi untuk tumbuh kembangnya dan mengandung zat antibodi untuk kekebalan tubuh bayi. Seringkali ibu tidak dapat memberikan ASI kepada anaknya dengan baik disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Kemudian capaian ASI eksklusif adalah 2 dari 5 bayi berusia dibawah 6 bulan mendapat ASI eksklusif dengan demikian masih jauh dan masih banyak bayi yang belum mendaptkan ASI ekslusif. Tujuan penelitian hubungan umur pengetahuan dan pekerjaan ibu dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Kenali Besar Kota Jambi Tahun 2018.

 Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantatif dengan rancangan Cross Sectional yaitu suatu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan tujuan melihat hubungan efek atau deskripsi tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi umur lebih dari 6 bulan di Puskesmas Kenali Besar Kota Jambi Tahun 2018, dengan jumlah sampel 66 ibu yang memiliki bayi.

    Simpulan penelitian adalah ada Ada hubungan umur dengan nilai p-value = 0,011 (p-value < 0,05), pengetahuan dengan nilai p-value = 0,039 (p-value < 0,05) dan  pekerjaan ibu dengan nilai p-value = 0,002 (p-value < 0,05) terhadap pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Kenali Besar Kota Jambi Tahun 2018.

     Saran penelitian adalah menjadi  acuan  bagi  petugas  kesehatan yang berkompeten di Puskesmas Kenali Besar untuk lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang meningkatkan perilaku ibu bekerja dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif antara  lain  tentang  cara  menyusui, memerah ASI, dan menyimpan ASI, sehingga dengan pengetahuan yang mereka  miliki  mereka  mampu  pemberian  ASI  eksklusif  yang  baik  dan benar pada bayinya.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS DENGAN PERILAKU KONSUMSI KAPSUL VITAMIN A PADA MASA NIFAS DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PALMERAH II KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Intami Eprina
Published: October 2019

Di Seluruh provinsi di Indonesia  cakupan pemberian vitamin A masih sangat rendah yaitu kurang dari 70 %, bahkan di 19 Provinsi cakupannya kurang dari 50 %. Kekurangan vitamin A pada ibu nifas dapat menyebabkan anemia sertamenurunkan kelangsungan hidup ibu hingga dua tahun melahirkan (Keller, 2004). Banyak faktor yang bisa menyebabkan ibu nifas rutin mengkonsumsi vitamin A seperti pendidikan kesehatan seperti konseling yang dilakukan bidan secara berkala berupa kepada ibu nifas mampu menyadarkan mereka tentang pentingnya mengkonsumsi vitamin A. s

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, dimana penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu nifas dengan perilaku konsumsi kapsul vitamin A pada masa nifas di Puskesmas Palmerah II Kota Jambi tahun 2018. Penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Palmerah II Kota Jambi dan telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli tahun 2018. Populasi dalam penelitian sebanyak 334 ibu nifas dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 ibu nifas. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling, dimana penelitian dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu nifas dengan perilaku konsumsi kapsul vitamin A pada masa nifas di Puskesmas Palmerah II Kota Jambi dengan nilai p value 0,016.

Diharapkan pihak puskesmas memberikan informasi dan penyuluhan tentang perilaku konsumsi kapsul vitamin A pada masa nifas sehingga ibu timbul kesadaran bahwa perilaku konsumsi kapsul vitamin A pada masa nifas itu sangat penting diberikan pada masa nifas.
Derekutuğun Tarihöncesi Madenci Çıraları
Authors: YALCİN Gönül , YALÇIN Ünsal
Published: October 2019

Derekutuğun Tarihöncesi Maden İşletmeleri‘nde 2009-2011 ve 2015-2017 yıllarında yapılan arkeolojik kazı çalışmaları Anadolu Madenciliği hakkında önemli bilgiler vermiştir. Miyosen yaşlı sedimanların çatlak ve boşluklarında oluşan nabit bakır MÖ 3. binyılda galeriler açılarak işlenmiştir. Galerilerde ele geçen küçük buluntular arasında yeraltı galeri ve maden alma boşluklarını aydınlatmak amacıla kullanılan çıralar dikkati çekmektedir. Bölgenin yerli çam ağaçlarından elde edilen çıralar Yakın Doğu‘nun kendi türünde en önemli malzeme grubunu oluştururlar.
Alzheimer’s disease as the cerebral cortex disorder
Authors: Volobuev AN  , Romanchuk PI  , Bulgakova SV
Published: October 2019

Objectives – to highlight the structure, function and localization of Alzheimer’s disease and to specify cognitive impairments related to it.
Material and methods. The anatomic data of human brain structure were used.
Results. The patterns of memory formation in the brain cortex are investigated. The brain cortex is presented as a type of syncytium consisting of elementary neural structures – cyclic neuronal circuits – memory elements. All cyclic neuronal circuits in a brain cortex are functionally interconnected. The connections between the neuronal circuits can be determined (imprinted) and stochastic (random). The intensity of stochastic communications defines the person's potential for creativity. The impairment of cyclic neuronal circuit connections results in either Alzheimer’s disease or in senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type.
Conclusion. In case the cortex is considered as the syncytium, the memory storage element, it can be the reason of the human creativity. It is shown that the failure of the information transfer in the cortex syncytium or neurons destruction in the neuronal network results in Alzheimer’s disease or in senile dementia of Alzheimer’s type.