bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern-recognition, intersubjectivity, and dialogic meaning-making in education
Authors: Matusov Eugene
Published: January 2020

From a conventional monological view, meaning-making is located in a particular statement. In conventional schools, students are positioned to be enactors of ready-made knowledge and skills on teacher’s demand based on their pattern-recognition and production, rather than to be authors of their own education, learning, knowledge, and meaning. Pattern recognition involves the emergence of active production of diverse potential patterns that may or may not approximate well the targeted pattern (“sprouting”). The sprouting can be guided (“supervised”) by an expert or unguided, mediated or unmediated. These diverse potential patterns are sequentially evaluated about how likely each of them can be close to the targeted pattern. In each evaluation, the probabilistic confidence of some patterns grows while some other patterns decrease. In contrast, according to Bakhtin, meaning-making is defined as the relationship between a genuine, interested, information-seeking, question and serious response to it. From the Bakhtinian dialogic perspective, a statement does not have any meaning until it is viewed as a reply to some question in an internally persuasive discourse. A student’s meaning-making process starts with a genuine, interested, information-seeking, question raised by the student. At least, when a student cannot yet formulate this genuine question, they have to be pregnant with such a question, experiencing a certain puzzlement, uneasiness, curiosity, tension, and so on. Another aspect of dialogic meaning-making is interaddressivity. A student is interested in other people: 1) in what other people may think and how they feel about it; however these people define this it, and 2) in other people as such – in what they are doing, feeling, relating, and thinking about; in the relationship with these people; in the potential that these people may realize and offer; and so on.
Discourse particles in early English: Clause structure, pragmatics and discourse management
Authors: van Kemenade Ans , Links Meta
Published: January 2020

This article presents a case study on the shifting interaction between clause structure, information structure and discourse organisation in the history of English, as evidenced by the development from Old to Middle English of what we will call discourse particles: discourse-cohesive devices grammaticalised from adverbs. These include the Old English elements þa, þonne, nu, when used in a clause-internal position.We will show that these discourse particles have the following properties: 1) pragmatically: they express the response of the speaker to the context/common ground shared by speaker and hearer, and thus play a pivotal role in common ground management; 2) relation to clause type: the pragmatic meanings of discourse particles are co-determined by the illocutionary force of the clause types in which they occur, including main clause questions, imperatives, hwæt exclamatives, and correlative subclauses; 3) syntactically and information structurally: discourse particles occur in a fixed position in the clause that separates discourse-given from discourse-new information. Discourse particles thus form a subtle lynchpin between pragmatics, discourse management and clause structure.Some particles were lost in the transition to Middle English, but then and now continued to be attested in questions and imperatives, in the same clause-internal position as in OE. Towards the end of the ME period, we see a positional shift to clause-final position, though maintaining the discourse linking character of the particle. This change is due to a syntactic change tightening the use of strict SVO word order and narrowing the use of clause-medial material.
RADIO-FREQUENCY WAVE APPLICATION IN ESTHETIC SURGERY OF HEAD AND NECK
Authors: Novak Vukoje
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Four-megahertz radiowave surgery is a relatively new technology usage of which rapidly expands reaching superior results compared to other surgical techniques. Radiosurgery is an atraumatic metod of cutting and coagulation of soft tissues that uses optimal low heat 4.0 MHz source for numerous plastic,esthetic and cosmetic interventions which reguires surgical precision, penetration control and low temperature. This technology allows us to simultaneously cut and coagulate the tissue with minimal lateral tissue alteration, without burning damage and with better wounds healing.This mode is used by the author in high vascularity anatomical areas and for the deeper tissue of the head and neck. The pure cutting wave-form is ideal for skin excision with otoplasty and blepharoplasty when we expect ideal esthetic result. Coagulation is obviously paramount for any surgeon and can make the difference between a good and poor result. When he coagulates tissues in the head and neck, the surgen is frequently close to significant structures such as nerves and vessels which we must protect. Ellman Sugitron 4.0 offers great advantages. One of the stronges point of the Ellman system is the large array of specialized electrodes. By bending the malleable electrodes we can use them at any angle or even around corners. Material and Methods: The Author has done surgical procedures on over 600 patients using this technique on different esthetic problems with satisfying results. In operative material dominate various skin growths (hemangioma, fibroma, naevus, wart) blepharoplasy, otoplasty, rhinoplasty and other minor surgical procedures. Interventions were done in local anesthesy. The aim of this work is to present our observations about radioablation in heterogenous pathological process on head and neck based of our own experience. Results: Our results show that this technology have great advantage over other techniques (scalpel, electrocouter, laser) from which the most important are simultaneous cutting and coagulation,coagulation in liquid medium, minimal termal damage of latteral tissues, faster healing of wounds with excellent cosmetic results. If we want surgery without cut,cut without scar, Ellman Sugitron is the best choice.
ANKLE FRACTURES IN CHILDREN. A REVIEW
Authors: Bacic Boris , Gicquel Philippe , Giacomelli Marie-Christine , Karger Claud , Clavert Jean-Michel
Published: January 2020

The biomechanical differences between mature and immature bones, as well as the differing forces applied to those bones, help explain the differences between adult and pediatric fractures. The potential complications associated with pediatric ankle fractures include those seen with adult fractures (such as posttraumatic arthritis, stiffness, and reflex sympathet-ic dystrophy) as well as those that result from physeal damage (including leg-length discrepancy, angular deformity). The goals of treatment are to achieve and maintain a satisfactory reduction and to avoid physeal arrest. A knowledge of common pediatric ankle fracture patterns and the pitfalls associated with their evaluation and treatment will aid in the effective management of these injuries.
SURGICAL APPROACHES TO REVASCULARISATION OF AORTO-ILIACAL SEGMENT
Authors: Solakovic Emir , Totic Dragan , Solakovic Sid
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The retroperitoneal approach for abdominal aortic and iliac reconstruction classically had been reserved for select patients with either high-risk comorbid disease or specific anatomic problems that preclude the transabdominal approach. With increasing appreciation of the physiologic, anatomic, and technical advantages of the retroperitoneal approach, the authors have expanded its use for repair of all types of aorto-iliac artery disease as well as infected aortic grafts. The objective of this article is to determine whether retroperitoneal approach for aorto-iliac surgery has greater physiologic and technical advantages than transperitoneal approach. Patients and Methods: From January 2002 to May 2006, 344 retroperitoneal aortoiliac reconstructions were performed and 2 for infected aortic grafts. On the other hand we also performed 283 transperitoneal aortic and aorto-iliac reconstructions. From total number of operated patients for aorto-iliac disease, 99 patients fulfilled criteria for entrance in the study. Beside identical operative indication (aorto-iliac disease), patients were matched according to comorbidities, age, gender, and bad habits such as smoking and alcohol abuse. Results: The mean age was 61 years with 70 men and 29 women. Overall mortality was 1% for all cases: 2% for trnasperitoneal and 0% for retroperitoneal approach. Major complications occurred in 11% of all procedures, 8% in retroperitoneal and 14% in transperitoneal approach. Over the past 4.5 years, the average length of hospital stay for uncomplicated aorto-iliac reconstructions was 5.9 days in retroperitoneal group and 6.3 days in transperitoneal group, intensive care unit stay was 1.2 days in retroperitoneal and 2.5 days in transperitoneal group, and diet was resumed by postoperative day 1 in retroperitoneal versus postoperative day 3 in transperitoneal group. Two-year graft patency was 99% for retroperitoneal and 96% for transperitoneal approach. Discussion: The retroperitoneal approach offers greater physiologic advantages than transperitoneal approach, associated with minimal disturbance of gastrointestinal and respiratory function, thereby reducing the length of intensive care unit and hospital stay.
PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN IN TUZLA COUNTY
Authors: Colic-Hadzic Belkisa , Mladina Nada , Hadzic Devleta , Konjic Elvira
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to indicate importance of early detection of primary immunodeficiency in children, to determine the type of disorders and apply profilaxis and therapy. Material and Methods: The study was retrospective- prospective, during the period from 01.01.1997 to 31.12.2007 at Pediatric clinik, University Clinical Centre Tuzla. Results and Discussion: There were 53 patients both genders, age 1 month to 12.7 years (average age 3.0±3.4). In 33 (62.4%) patients diagnosis of primary immunodeficinecy was estimated until 3. years of life, cellular imunodeficinency disorders was diagnosed in 1 (1.9%), humoral 47 (88.8%) and C3 complement deficit in 5 (9.3%) of our patients. Since 2004 we registrated in crease new diagnosed, which point we started with screening among patients with repeated infections. Therapy and prophilaxy was administrated according usualy guidelines for these disorders of imunity. Therapy result was different according to type disorders, child age, and previous infections. After treatment, 37 (70%) patients recovered, as same as in 9 (17%), the worse condition in 2 (4%), and death in 5 (9%). Conclusion: According to accepted incidence in generall population presented number of immunodefitienti patients in our region is not adekvate and intensive detection in future period is neccessary.
PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE 1B (PTP1B) IN OBESITY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Delibegovic Mirela , Mody Nimesh
Published: January 2020

Increased incidence in obesity is reaching epidemic proportions and is placing a major burden on the healthcare systems in the developed countries. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Thus, the search for molecules that regulate the development of obesity and its associated pathologies is ongoing. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been found to be a major regulator of body fat stores, energy balance, and insulin sensitivity in vivo. Increased expression of PTP1B is associated with insulin resistance in rodents and humans and deletion of PTP1B leads to leanness and insulin sensitivity in rodents, suggesting that PTP1B may be a very attractive molecular target for anti-obesity, anti-diabetic agents.
Infectious mononucleosis in splenectomised patient
Authors: Pašić Ljiljana , Kasapović Dragan , Petrović Milan , Kezić Zdravka , Verhaz Antonija , Ritan Snežana
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Infectious mononucleosis is one of the most common syndromes in our clinical practice. It is characterized by elevated temperature, pharyngitis and generalized lymphadenopathy.Objectives: To describe a clinical charachteristics of infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) in splenectomized patients since in the literature we found insufficient data.Subjects and Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical documentation of the patient treated in the Clinic for Infectious Diseases of the University Clinical Center of Republic of Srpska.Results: We have described the case of infectious mononucleosis, caused by Epstein Barr virus in a splenectomized patient. In support of acute EBV viral infection were the presence of lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, hepatomegaly, as well as the occurrence of a typical generalized maculopapulous rash, and positive ELISA EBV VCA IgM and anti EBV VCA / EA IgG, were reported. According to the aforementioned patient, it fulfilled most criteria for setting the diagnosis of acute EBV infectious mononucleosis. Our patient showed some atypical signs such as absence of fever during hospitalization, marked leukocytosis with lymphocytosis (with a maximum increase in leukocyte count at 37.3 x 109, in the differential blood sample dominated lymphocytes with 29.96 x 109 (reference values 1.1-3.35), i.e. 80.3% (Ref. 20.0-46.0). Due to the maintenance of leukocytosis with lymphocytosis, the range of clinical has been extended trials (US abdomen, US neck, CT neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis, sternal puncture, hematologists' consultation). Based on the aforementioned hematologists' consultation, and post-release and recovery monitoring it is concluded that there has been no sign of acute hematologic disease but it has been just EBV-IM.Conclusion: Because of insufficient data on clinical presentation of Epstein Barr viral infections in splenectomized this we believe that this is one of the clinical variants although the possibility of individual variation cannot be excluded. Briefly, we can conclude that the immune system in the splenectomized patient can greatly modify the clinical presentation of Epstein barr viral infection, with the pathogenic mechanism that are still unclear.. However, due to the variety of clinical syndromes and the oncogenic potency of the Epstein-Barr virus, we should be extremely cautious and sometimes expand the diagnostic range beyond conventional examinations.
Inflamatory fibroblast tumor and liver abscesses in the young patient
Authors: Grgić Svjetlana , Soldo Čorić Linda , Antunović Skelo Vesna , Šanje Kukić Sanja , Bebek Ivanković Helien , Sulaver Željana , Gazibera Belma
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Inflammatory fibroblast tumor is rare tumor that most often occurs in younger people, usually 30 years old or younger, but most commonly in children age 6-10 years. It usually affects gastrointestinal tract and the lungs but it can also occur in several places at the same time. Clinical manifestations vary depending of the affected system of the body so it is very difficult to determine diagnosis without surgical extirpation and patohistological analysis. Complete surgical resection is curative in most patients and recidivism is rare. Liver abscesses more common occur in females with risk factors and medical history of diabetes, previous liver disease and less likely in patients with granulomatous diseases. Liver abscesses mortality in developing countries is 2-12%, increasing due to open surgical drainage.Case report: We present a 35 years-old patient who was treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases University Hospital Mostar and University Hospital Sarajevo, Clinic for Infectious Diseases in August and September 2018 and Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zagreb Surgery Clinic in December 2018. Data was used from medical documentation. Young, immunocompetent patient who was addmited to a hospital following high fever, chills and poor general condition was diagnosed with multiple focal necrotic lesions, differential-diagnostically most likely liver and spleen abscesses with high suspicion of liver malignancy. Liver biopsy was performed and patohistological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of multiple liver abscesses in the IV and VI liver segment, and inflamatory fibroblast tumor in the IV liver segment. Eight weeks of conservative treatment resulted in a complete regression of liver abscesses and inflamatory fibroblast tumor was surgically extirpated at the Clinic Hospital Merkur, Surgery Clinic in the Zagreb in December 2018.Conclusion: An approach to a patient with a multiple liver abscesses and liver tumor requires sub-specialists experience and urgent multidisciplinary diagnostic and treatment approach to prevent further complications and deadly outcome.
Correlation between cesarean section and perinatal mortality rate
Authors: Fatušić Jasenko , Skokić Maida , Fatušić Zlatan
Published: January 2020

Objectives: cesarean section rates show a wide variation among countries, ranging from 0,4-40%, and continuous rise. Our aim was to test hypothesis that higher Cesarean rate than 15% does not correlates with lower perinatal mortality rate.Methods: We analysed 18-year period with high–quality cesarean delivery and perinatal mortality rates information data. Data were analised by Chi-square test with Yate's correction for large values.Results: Cesarean section rates has increasing trend. In first six-years of observed period (1998-2003) mean cesarean section rate was 17,24%, in second (2004-2010) 19,33% and in third (1011-2015) 23,97%. In observed period mean perinatal mortality rate was 9,90‰, with fluctuation of 20,70‰ to 3,82‰. In first six-years of observed period (1998-2003) mean perinatal mortality rate was 13,81‰, in second (2004-2011) 8,28‰ and in third (2011-2015) 7,46‰. These data clearly showed that increase of cesarean section rate more than 19,33% is not correlate with decreasing od perinatal mortality.Conclusion: Despite many suggestions that improvement in perinatal mortality does not necessarily rely upon an ever-increasing cesarean section rate and recommendation by World Health Organisation that cesarean section rate should not exceed 10-15 percent to optimise neonatal outcomes, this recommendation may be too low, and suggests rate of 19%.
Prevalence of oral health in the area of Tuzla City
Authors: Duspara Mirjana , Mulić Maida , Kurtić Azra , Tučić Amela
Published: January 2020

Caries is the most widespread oral desease of all age groups, the main oral-health problem as well as the leading cause of teeth loss. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a huge prevalence of caries patients in comparison with a significant decline in developed countries. Postwar state period, inadequate nutrition and neglected care of oral health have reflected on oral health of children in Tuzla City. Aim: to determine prevalence of oral health of children of different age groups in the area of Tuzla City. Methods: physical checkup and education have encompassed 5452 children of different age groups in the period from 2011 to 2017 (5098 of six- year- olds, 114 twelve-year-olds, 120 fifteen-year-olds and 120 eighteen-year-olds). Physical checkups were done in dental practices of Public Health Scientific Institution (hereinafter PHSI) Medical Center Tuzla, children's department, with a dental probe and mirror. CES (caries, extraction, sealed teeth- permanent) and CES (caries, extraction, sealed teeth- dairy) were calculated on the basis of 100 checkups. During the same period there were educations for pregnant women in the first and last quarter of pregnancy organized within the school for pregnant women of the Women Dispensary of PHSI Medical Center Tuzla. Outcomes: the research determined the value of CES index of diary teeth for six-year-olds (6,41) in 2011 that was decreased in 2017 (5,19) what indicates a good effect of educative lectures. CES index of tvelwe-year-olds in 2017 was 3,2. The research proved that high school children (15-year-olds) have a high CES index (8,3) in year 2013/14 and the same group of examinees as graduates (18-year-olds) in 2016/17 had CES index of 7,73.Conclusion: CES of the examinees had very high values, far from the aim of the World Health Organization (1,5).Programs and activities of oral health promotion of the Dental Service of PHSI Medical Center Tuzla have made changes, warned of the importance of preventive action as well as triggered revitalization of preventive detal protection for preschool and school population of Tuzla City.
The Effects of Functional Training on Some Biomotor Abilities and Physiological Characteristics in Elite Soccer Players
Authors: Turna Bulent , Alp Mahmut
Published: January 2020

Soccer game or a soccer match includes functional movements that require complex muscular balance including stopping, walking, jogging, sprint with dribbling, shooting and passing (Eniseler, 1994; Boyle, 2004). Functional training contribute to the different systems of the body through functional exercises performed in different parts of the body (covering the whole body, improving universal motor skills, applied in multiple motion planes) through intensive, short and constantly changing sessions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of functional training on some physiological and Biomotor Abilities in elite soccer players. Athletes were randomly divided into two groups as Traditional Training Group (TTG) and Functional Training Group (FTG). For eight weeks, TTG athletes were trained five days per week for classical soccer training while FTG athletes were trained with functional training two days a week in addition to this training. Table 4 shows that the effect of pre-test from post-test and present an adjusted post-test mean and determine the difference of the adjusted post-test mean of two groups. According to the ANCOVA results, differences were not found statistically significant (p>0.05). As a result, in this study, which aimed to investigate the effects of functional training on some physiological and bio-motor properties in elite soccer players, it was determined that functional training method had a positive effect on some physiological and bio-motor properties of pre- and post-test values in soccer players, however to determine the difference of the adjusted post-test mean of two groups, ANCOVA results show that differences were not found statistically significant.
Economic Inequality, Capitalism and Law
Authors: Korotana Shabir
Published: January 2020

Economic Inequality, Capitalism and Law: Imperfect Realization of Juridical Equality, the Right to Property and Freedom of Contract

There is a general unease among the public across all jurisdictions about the progressive economic inequality that seems to define the new normal, and this phenomenon has been succinctly documented in numerous prominent studies. This trend of capitalism has been supported by the existing structures of the common law, albeit contrary to the aim and purpose of its original principles. The studies show that the modern capitalist societies display a persistent trend of increasing inequality, and this is summed up by the observation that modern capitalism generates progressive and intense economic inequality.

Capitalism as a socio-economic system is structured and sustained by the law and by socio-economic systems of institutions. Capitalism is not only a social ordering; essentially, it is a legal ordering. At the heart of this legal ordering are private laws, and tort law, but the most important is contract law: freedom of contract. It is common law, similar to the private law in other jurisdictions, that is responsible for the extreme inequality because it allows the institutions of capitalism to function freely and without much control. The open-ended capitalism that allows accumulation of wealth without ceiling causes progressive inequality in society and consequently works against the very freedom and individualism that are supposed to be the ideals of common law and capitalism. Because of the existing institutions of capitalism and the legal construct, freedom, fairness and the intended progress of the individual were not properly realized; the understanding of the ideas and principles of freedom, individualism, juridical equality, the right to property and freedom of contract have been imperfectly realized. With rising inequality, it is this imperfect realization, particularly of juridical equality that is in question.
Parliamentary Control over Delegated Legislation in Japan
Authors: Musashi Katsuhiro
Published: January 2020

Parliamentary Control over Delegated Legislation in Japan

The delegation of legislation from the parliament to the administration plays an important role in a modern administrative state. In Britain, parliamentary control – whereby the parliament has the right to approve or veto a delegated legislation – has been institutionalized and implemented. On the other hand, the Japanese parliament is powerless to approve a delegated order beforehand or ex post. Therefore, improper procedures such as the deviation of the delegated order from the enabling act by a governmental agency, or the introduction of arbitrary administrative measures, have been carried out under insufficient supervision by the parliament in Japan. The National Diet of Japan should, ideally, also hold the power to control the administrative order on the basis of the legal principles formulated by the Diet. Therefore, we propose the introduction of a parliamentary control system that invalidates the ex post enactment of a cabinet order if both Houses of parliament refuse the order within 40 days of its submission. These procedures would have increased efficacy when augmented with a political check function on the proposed cabinet orders by the parliament’s Committee on Oversight of Administration, or their standing committees.
Vergeet de effectbeoordeling niet: het beginsel van energiesolidariteit en leveringszekerheid
Authors: Reins L.S.
Published: January 2020

Vergeet de effectbeoordeling niet: het beginsel van energiesolidariteit en leveringszekerheid

Op 10 september 2019 heeft het Gerecht van de Europese Unie arrest gewezen in zaak T-883/16, Polen/Commissie. Dit artikel bespreekt de belangrijkste elementen van het arrest, met name in het kader van het energiesolidariteitsbeginsel en de daaruit, aldus het Gerecht, voortvloeiende verplichting om een effectbeoordeling met betrekking tot de energieleveringszekerheid van andere lidstaten uit te voeren in het geval van vrijstellingsbesluiten op grond van de Derde Gasrichtlijn. Hierbij wordt onder meer besproken of het Gerecht met zijn interpretatie van dit beginsel de uitvoerende macht, dat wil zeggen de nationale regelgevende instantie en de Commissie, tot meer concrete actie heeft willen doen bewegen.

Gerecht 10 september 2019, zaak T-883/16, Polen/Commissie, ECLI:EU:T:2019:567
Evaluating and modeling variation in site-level maximum carrying capacity of mixed-species forest stands in the Acadian Region of northeastern North America
Authors: Weiskittel Aaron R. , Kuehne Christian
Published: January 2020

Currently no universal approach exists to estimate regional site-level maximum carrying capacity in terms of stand densityindex (SDIMAX) of mixed species stands across contrasting forest ecosystems. Regional research efforts that account forinfluential stand-level variables and species traits are needed to reliably derive SDIMAXunder varying environmental conditions and stand characteristics. This study used regionally comprehensive forest inventory data from various permanentsampling efforts to evaluate the effects of contrasting biotic and abiotic stand- and site-level factors on SDIMAXof multiple-species, structurally heterogeneous stands of the climatically diverse Acadian Forest Region of North America. Specifically,we aimed to i) quantify the stand-level maximum size-density line for an array of forest stands found across the study area,irrespective of stand structure; ii) evaluate the relationship between this stand-specific estimate of SDIMAXand various other stand-level attributes; and, iii) develop a generalized SDIMAXprediction model using SDIMAXestimates from objective i) aswell as potential regional drivers of SDIMAXfrom objective ii). The most influential stand-level factors on SDIMAXwere proportion of total stand basal area in hardwood species, basal area weighted mean specific gravity, range in stem diameter, andspecies diversity. Direct climatic variables were not included in our SDIMAXprediction model due to the limited variationexplained, but relationships with elevation and a site quality index based on these climatic variables were. Overall, we con-clude that i) variation in SDIMAX appears to be mostly driven by the softwood to hardwood ratio of the mixed species,structurally complex stands evaluated in our study and ii) the general approach offers a viable framework for estimating sitemaximum carrying capacity at a regional-scale and effectively managing stand density accordingly.
Modelling wood density and modulus of elasticity in white spruce plantations in Eastern Québec
Authors: Tony Franceschini , Thibaut Ferraille , Guillaume Giroud , Julie Barrette , Robert Schneider
Published: January 2020

Forest managers have to take into account multiple objectives such as stand yield, wood quality attributes, ecological constraints and social considerations when making their decisions. The objective of the present study is to build (i) a dynamicmodulus of elasticity (MOEdyn) model and (ii) a core wood density (WDcore) model for white spruce plantations in theBas-Saint-Laurent Region (Québec, Canada) to quantify their inter- and intra-stand variations in order for managers tobetter weigh their different options. Using data obtained from 54 sample plots in 31 white spruce plantations from Eastern Québec, the MOEdynof 143 trees and the WDcoreof 162 trees were analysed. Dendrometric and stand variables wereused to build a MOEdynlinear mixed-effect model and a WD multiple linear regression model. The MOEdynmodel explained 66.8% of the total variation, 1.1% of which originated from inter-stand variations. MOEdynwas proportionalto diameter at breast height (DBH) and non-linearly decreased with tree growth rate. The WDcoremodel explained 16.0%of the total variation. The intra-stand variations were represented by a negative relationship between WDcoreand growthrate. Inter-stand variations were accounted for by site index and altitude. The performance of the MOEdynmodel was satisfactory and in accordance with the literature. However, the WDcoremodel was below standard, mainly as a consequenceof unaccounted intra-individual variations. Nonetheless, raw simulations using these models suggest that white sprucewood from plantations may benefit from intensive forest management.
Eighteen-year growth responses to thinning and fertilization of a height-repressed lodgepole pine stand in interior British Columbia
Authors: Prescott Cindy , deMontigny Louise , Harper George
Published: January 2020

Challenges to the mid-term timber supply in interior British Columbia resulting from losses to insect outbreaks and wild-fires have prompted interest in silvicultural interventions to hasten growth of regenerating forests, including high-density(overstocked), height-repressed stands of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.). A trialwas established in a dense (4000 to 30 000 trees ha-1) 36-year-old wildfire-origin pine stand in the Cariboo-Chilcotinregion of interior BC to assess the efficacy of thinning, fertilization and a combination of the two treatments for improv-ing tree growth and stand development. Height and diameter of the 36 crop trees in each plot was greater in fertilizedplots then control plots for six years following fertilization, while the height and diameter responses to thinning and thin-ning + fertilization were sustained throughout the 18-year measurement period. Cumulative basal area and volumegrowth of crop trees and all stand trees over the 18-year period was significantly greater in thinned and thinned + fertil-ized treatments than control plots. Projections based on the TASS growth and yield model suggested that total stand vol-umes in thinned plots would surpass that of the control at age 74 and would surpass that of the fertilized treatment at 89years. Unthinned stands (i.e., control and fertilized treatments), did not accumulate significant merchantable volume; inthinned stands (i.e., thinned and thinned + fertilized treatments), the minimum harvest criteria of 80 m3 ha-1 for pine-leading stands in this region was reached at age 102 years. Repeated fertilization would be needed to further hasten standdevelopment. The potential long-term benefits of these silvicultural interventions for timber supply must be weighedagainst treatment costs and risks of mortality related to wildfire, insects and disease. These results highlight the value oflong-term research trials for informing silviculture decisions.
La tipología de las redes de política pública de regulación del Servicio Público de Comunicaciones en Colombia 1847-2018
Authors: Tabarquino Muñoz Raul Andres , Verd Joan Miquel
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo estudia la política de regulación del servicio público de las comunicaciones entre los años 1847 y 2018 en Colombia. Para ello se analiza la evolución histórica de su dinámica y los cambios en la configuración y estructura de la red de actores implicados. En esta aproximación el análisis de redes sociales (ARS) toma un papel preponderante, con el fin de establecer los tipos de redes de la política pública de regulación que se han sucedido a lo largo del período estudiado. Las unidades de análisis son las diferentes empresas, organizaciones e instituciones que participan en dicha regulación o, de otra forma, los actores que han tenido alguna injerencia o conexión en el proceso de diseño, formulación e implementación de la política pública de regulación del sector de las Comunicaciones en Colombia.
Inducción de una red académica como estrategia de fortalecimiento de las políticas públicas de soberanía y seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en Suramérica
Authors: García Ramírez Yudi Paulina , Pérez Tamayo Eliana María , Morales Salazar Alison Dayana , Marques de Oliveira Maria Rita
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo describe la estructura, los vínculos y los indicadores generales de conformación de una Red Académica, a través de proyectos inductores de Soberanía y Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional desarrollados en Brasil en el período de 2013 a 2016. Para comprender las interacciones entre las instituciones de los proyectos se acogieron los principios básicos del método del Análisis de Redes Sociales. Los resultados mostraron que las regiones sureste y sur concentraron el mayor número de proyectos, exponiendo una distribución característica de la producción académica en estas áreas de conocimiento. El análisis de la red mostró una densidad creciente, de organizaciones donde muchos países se unieron de forma incremental, significando que a los nuevos miembros les fue fácil conectarse a la red. La centralización evidenció además que la red en el año 2014, estuvo claramente conectada gracias al papel central ejercido por la coordinación técnica – ejecutiva y para el 2016 esta tarea fue compartida con una de las instituciones articuladora de las relaciones cooperativas de la red. El análisis destacó que la cooperación internacional, permite ampliar las relaciones establecidas entre los actores sociales de los proyectos, con miras a promover la divulgación de conocimientos y el trabajo académico colaborativo.
Redes de colaboración y producción de patentes de la Universidad EAFIT de Colombia presentes en la base de datos de la Oficina Europea de Patentes (Espacenet)
Authors: Aguero Aguilar Carlos Enrique
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Hacer visible inventores, organizaciones y líneas de interés tecnológico de la Universidad EAFIT mediante el análisis de redes y estudio del registro de sus patentes en Espacenet, identificando el grado de colaboración interno y externo. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal de las patentes registradas hasta julio de 2019, focalizando los resultados en ranking de producción y medidas de centralidad y poder del Análisis de Redes. Resultados: Se evaluaron 60 patentes, identificándose 125 inventores, 18 organizaciones colaborativas y 79 líneas de interés tecnológico. Se observa un incremento considerable en el registro de patentes del 2014 al 2017, y una caida al 2018 (sólo dos registros). El 97% corresponde a invenciones originales (A), 57% son solicitudes hechas fuera de Colombia, lo que refleja un alto grado de internacionalización. Finalmente, se observa que la colaboración con otras organizaciones e inventores extranjeros es nula, lo que refleja una gran oportunidad para desarrollar un mayor trabajo colaborativo fuera de Colombia, a pesar de ello, EAFIT cuenta con capacidades propias que le permiten tener presencia en otras regiones
A Bolsa Pesquisador Visitante Especial do Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras pela teoria de redes
Authors: Saenger Emília Carneiro , Fontoura Teixeira Maria do Rocio
Published: January 2020

Este artigo examina a bolsa Pesquisador Visitante Especial (PVE) do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), concedida pelo Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras (CsF), considerando a Teoria de Redes. As bolsas concedidas foram identificadas e consideradas como projetos de pesquisa cooperativa. As relações estabelecidas entre as instituições envolvidas foram consideradas como uma rede de instituições. Analisou-se as interações de mais de 800 instituições. Conclui-se que a rede formada é pouco densa, caracterizada por relações bilaterais, com destaque para USP, UFRJ e Fiocruz no Brasil e Universidade de Coimbra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, a Universidade do Minho, a Universidade de Aveiro e a University of California, no exterior, como as instituições mais influentes na rede. Observou-se que houve o fortalecimento da cooperação internacional em ciência e tecnologia no país, com potencial de formação de novas relações dentro da rede.
Assessment of routine screening of pediatric contacts of adults with tuberculosis disease in Tanzania
Authors: Emerson C. , Ng'eno B. , Ngowi B. , Pals S. , Kohi W. , Godwin M. , Date A. , Modi S.
Published: January 2020

Setting: Ten selected healthcare facilities in Tanzania, March–April 2016.Objective: To assess the implementation of screening among pediatric contacts of adults with tuberculosis (TB) disease.Design: Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted a
questionnaire study among sputum smear-positive adult TB patients and abstracted data from their patient cards to assess the implementation of a child contact management (CCM) intervention. We also conducted in-depth interviews with healthcare workers (HCWs) to solicit their views on clinical
practices and challenges in CCM.Results: A total of 141 adult smear-positive TB patients reported 396 children living in households; detailed information on 346 (87.4%) was available. Only 37 (10.7%) children were clinically assessed for TB, 5 (13.5%) were diagnosed with TB, and
22 started on isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) (59.0%). Of the 320 children whose caregivers responded to whether their children had undergone human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, 55 (17.2%) had been tested and one (1.8%) was HIV-positive. Forty-one HCWs described passive CCM without
use of contact or IPT registers.Conclusion: We identified gaps in the implementation of TB screening, IPT provision, and HIV testing in pediatric contacts of adults with sputum smear-positive TB. Systematic efforts, including increasing HCW training and educating the community,
may improve implementation.
Mobile targeted screening for tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: diagnosis, linkage to care and treatment outcomes
Authors: Sengai T. , Timire C. , Harries A. D. , Tweya H. , Kavenga F. , Shumba G. , Tavengerwei J. , Ncube R. , Zishiri C. , Mapfurira M. J. , Mandizvidza V. , Sandy C.
Published: January 2020

Setting: Targeted active screening for tuberculosis (Tas4TB) using mobile trucks in the community was implemented in 15 high TB burden districts in Zimbabwe. At-risk populations were screened for TB based on symptoms and chest radiography (CXR) results. Those with any positive
symptom and/or an abnormal CXR had sputum collected for investigation and diagnosis and were linked to care and treatment if found to have TB.Objective: To determine 1) the proportion and characteristics of those screened and diagnosed with TB; 2) the relationship between TB symptoms,
CXR and diagnostic yields; and 3) the relationship between initiation of anti-TB treatment and treatment outcomes.Design: Cohort study using routinely collected dataResults: A total of 39 065 persons were screened, of whom 663 (1.7%) were diagnosed with TB; 126/663 (19.0%)
were bacteriologically confirmed. The highest TB diagnostic yields were in symptomatic persons with CXRs suggestive of TB (19.4%), asymptomatic persons with CXRs suggestive of TB (8.4%) and persons at high-risk of TB (3.2%). For all diagnosed TB patients, pre-treatment loss to follow-up was
18.9% and treatment success was 59.9%.Conclusion: Tas4TB resulted in high diagnostic yields; however, linkage of diagnosis to care was poor. Reasons for loss to follow-up need to be better understood and rectified.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, varicella zoster virus and human parvovirus B19
among women in the Biała Podlaska District of Eastern Poland.
Authors: Tokarska-Rodak Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

Background: Infections in pregnant women or women planning pregnancy caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma
gondii and the viruses varicella zoster virus (VZV) and human parvovirus B19 can be a danger to the fetus.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine the serological status of women of childbearing age
in relation to T. gondii, VZV and human parvovirus B19 in a region of Eastern Poland (Biała Podlaska District).
Material and methods: The study group consisted of 174 women aged 19 to 35 (average 23, SD 3.68) from the
Biała Podlaska District. Anti-T. gondii IgM/IgG antibodies, anti-VZV IgG and anti-human parvovirus B19 IgG
were detected by ELISA.
Results: Serological screening revealed that the most common antibodies were anti-VZV and anti-parvovirus
B19 (in 96% and 60.9% of women, respectively). Anti-T. gondii antibodies were found in 28.6%. No correlation
was found between the presence of anti-T. gondii, human parvovirus B19, and VZV antibodies and the age of the
examined women, their place of residence, and their education.
Conclusions: About 4%, 39% and 71.2% of women participating in this study were still susceptible to infection
with VZV, human parvovirus B19, and T. gondii, respectively. It is therefore important to address health education
primarily in women of childbearing age in order to help them undertake relevant measures for prevention
of T. gondii, human parvovirus B19 and VZV infection.
DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL, GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADES: TEMAS IMPORTANTES À EDUCAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA
Authors: Caetano Marcio , Lima Carlos Henrique Lucas , Castro Amanda Motta
Published: January 2020

This essay has some observations on the concepts of gender, sexuality, sexual orientation and gender identity, themes that, but never, are necessary to reflect on the school contexts. The reflections that have been made here have been formulated within research projects that deal with the construction of gender identities in the school and part of the formative experiences with teachers of the states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul. The teachingdefends a school that, in interrogating the differences, educating the recognition of gender and sexuality dissent, I understand them as inseparable parts of democratic and city society. In addition, the text proposes to offer some epistemological notes to confront the conservative discourses that in the present day renew their fights against the city education, whose main objective is the expansion of human rights, the political participation and the notion of humanity.
MEMÓRIAS DE HOMOSSEXUALIDADES, ESCOLARIZAÇÕES E HOMOFOBIAS
Authors: Silva Fernando Guimarães Oliveira da , Souza José Antonio de
Published: January 2020

It is a postgraduate research in education that aims to relive memories of male and homosexual subjects about physical and non-physical violence experienced during the school period. Methodologically, we are guided by the bias of post-critical research in education by dealing with issues that destabilize universalizing models that use explanations that have essence and nature as classifying elements of people. This approach intends to pluralize meanings about the issue of social construction about gender and sexualities in order to better contextualize how the research participants insert their discursive memories. Given the conception of this approach, our study proposed participating in a Facebook group called the Gay Facebook Brazil Group (GGFBR), where we posted an invitation to move participation. We have eight subjects who have a variety of differences (age group, Brazilian region, life trajectories) that associated with the issue of school attendance bring us a diversity of issues so that the issue of sexualities and their performativities are validated in the school environment. In conclusion, sexuality emerges as a subject that also makes up the construction of subjectivity, which may lead to the necessary demands to discuss equity, ethics and plurality of constitution.
REFLEXÕES DE PROJETO EXTENSIONISTA: A TRAJETÓRIA NEGRA CONTADA E CANTADA POR MEIO DO SAMBA
Authors: Carvalho Tatiane Kelly Pinto de , Martins Maraísa Inês de Assis
Published: January 2020

Lawnº 10,639, sanctioned in 2003, provided a kind of stimulus for the accomplishment of projects and works that contemplate an educational character directed to the innumerable manifestations and expressions of the diverse Brazilian culture. Thus, through a dialogical relationship between the University and a state school of Divinópolis (MG), this project aimed, in the formation of high school graduates, to rescue the importance of black culture and the acceptance of diversity in Brazilian society. For this,the research focused on a qualitative approach andwe used as a method the literature review on the theme in question and the holding of meetings and workshops about samba and its historical-social context, seeking to elucidate the respective inheritances of slavery. From the discussions on the subject, it was possible to observe that a large part of the students was sensitized onsubjects that include prejudice, violence and racism still so prevalent in society. Moreover, it was clear that such debates and discussions can assist and collaborate in a reaffirmation of the students' attitude regarding black culture. It is concluded that the extension project collaborated so that high school graduates could constitute a different social perception of African descent and, at the same time, helped to rethink such expensive topics as the acceptance of the other and their respective differences.Keywoeds:Black culture.High school.Lawnº 10,639.Samba.
ESCOLA ECONHECIMENTO: EM DEFESA DOS CLÁSSICOS E DA CRÍTICA
Authors: Rossi Rafael , Rossi Aline Santana
Published: January 2020

This text is an instrument through which we question the relationship between knowledge and school education from the contributions of the lukacsian ontology and the historical-critical pedagogy. We start from the fact that the transmission of knowledge is an indispensable practice that marks the process of reproduction of societies. From these understandings, we advance to the specificity of school education and the role of teachers from a human-generic point of view, that is, that puts in the foreground the authentic human demands and not the self-centered market and business needs. We demonstrate that, from the perspective of the essential interests of students and teachers, it is essential the critical socialization of the most erudite and elaborate knowledge historically produced, from the recognition of its historical and ontological parameters.