bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuclear disasters and invisible spectacles
Authors: Yoshimoto Mitsuhiro
Published: November 2019

The violence of nuclear catastrophe is fundamentally contradictory. On the one hand, when caused by nuclear weapons, it is highly visible and often spectacular. As is the case with exposure to a large dose of radiation, the consequence of this violence can be instantaneous, too. On the other hand, odourless and invisible, radiation is beyond direct human perception. Furthermore, the deadly effect of radiation often manifests itself gradually over many years or even decades. This paradox of nuclear violence on human lives and the environment, which is simultaneously hypervisible and invisible, poses a particular challenge to film and other types of visual media. In this article, I examine how Japanese cinema has long been struggling with the complex and contradictory relationship between the nuclear question and visual culture. Many Japanese filmmakers, including well-known auteurs like Kurosawa Akira and those who specialize in popular genre movies such as tokusatsu eiga (‘special effects movies’), have tried to overcome the challenge of representing the invisibility of nuclear violence and radioactive contamination of the environment. I discuss how popular Japanese cinema has experimented with various formal and stylistic means to make the invisibility of nuclear violence perceptible or imaginable.
Cinematic landscapes of Northeast India through an ecocritical lens
Authors: Dowerah Swikrita , Prasad Nath Debarshi
Published: November 2019

The exploitation of nature for man’s insatiable desires is analogous to the subordination of ethnic minorities in many third world countries. This has also found resonance in the cinematic representations of the natural environment and the ethnic and racial profiling of people of these countries. The Northeast of India has always found little mention in the dominant discourse of the Indian nation. Along with this, the age-old rhetoric of exploitation of its natural resources and the lackadaisical attitude of the Indian state towards its people has led to a growing sense of alienation among the people of this peripheral Indian land. The matter is further aggravated by the region’s distorted representations in popular Bollywood films. The article offers an ecocritical reading of two Bollywood films about Northeast India to understand how cinematic landscapes can be used to impart ideas about specific places. We argue that the very landscapes the filmmakers use to present ideas about places can be used to highlight the politics of place-based identities and to attempt a critique of their position in the nationalist discourse.
Side effects in girls with Turner syndrome treated with growth hormone
Authors: Chatelain R. , Wallstrom A.
Published: November 2019

Among 8457 children undergoing treatment with genotropin included in the database of international growth monitoring of the Kabi Pharmacia firm (KIGS) until June 1992, 818 patients were with Turner syndrome (TS). Side effects, classified as serious and not serious, were registered in 62. Based on the data regarding side effects, it can be assumed that the clinical tolerance of growth hormone (GH) in TS is comparable to that observed in the treatment of GR in patients with GH deficiency.
Somatoendocrine disorders in nervous anorexia
Authors: Chazova T. Ye. , Kalinchenko S. Yu.
Published: November 2019

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is expressed in the extremely stubborn desire to lose weight through targeted, long-term self-restraint in food, sometimes accompanied by intense physical exercise or taking large doses of a laxative. If it is impossible to withstand prolonged starvation, patients resort to a method such as inducing artificial vomiting.

AN is a pathology characteristic of adolescent girls and young girls, although it can sometimes occur in males of puberty or adolescence. AN is more common at the age of 15-25 years. The incidence among women is on average 10 times higher than among men. There is no information on the prevalence of AN in our country. According to foreign authors, the frequency of AN is 112 per 100,000 of the population. However, these data are underestimated, since only patients with severe, protracted forms of the course of AN go to the hospital and are subject to accounting. Patients with "mild" forms of AN remain outside the field of vision of doctors.

The beginning of a scientific study of AN was laid by W. Gull (1868) and E.-Ch. Laseque (1873). However, despite the increasing number of studies devoted to this interesting problem, AN still causes numerous discussions regarding its etiology, pathogenesis, and neuroendocrine disorders, and methods for their correction.

In this review, we tried to summarize the available data of recent years. One of the first reviews on the nature of neuroendocrine shifts in AN was made in 1984.
Contribution of nonspecific systems of the brain to the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases
Authors: Filatova Ye. G. , Kazantseva L. A.
Published: November 2019

Ten patients with diffuse toxic goiter, 12 nd degree, ten ones with hypothyrosis of medium severity, and a group of healthy controls were examined. Manifest emotional, personality, and vegetative disorders were revealed in patients of both groups, as well as changes in the electrical activity of the brain and in status of the afferent systems of the brain, this being indicative of marked dysfunction of nonspecific cerebral systems in patients with thyroid diseases. Anxiety depressive emotional disorders and activation of the in-depth compartments of the membranous reticular complex were revealed in both groups of patients. These changes are nonspecific and appear to represent a common neurogenic mechanism of thyroid dysfunctiion.General activation of the brain and peripheral cerebral activation detected in patients with hyperthyrosis are secondary and result from effects of thyroid hormones on the nervous system.
INCIDÊNCIA DE DOENÇAS DIARREICAS NA BACIA DO RIO DOCE E POSSÍVEIS RELAÇÕES COM INFRAESTRUTURA DE SANEAMENTO E O ROMPIMENTO DA BARRAGEM DE FUNDÃO - MARIANA/MG.
Authors: Araújo Thiago , Azevedo Lopes Frederico , Palhares Teixeira Camila
Published: November 2019

O rompimento da barragem de Fundão, localizada no município de Mariana-MG, ocorrido em novembro de 2015, trouxe graves consequências socioambientais, dentre elas, a interrupção da captação de água em diversas localidades. Considerando o risco associado à saúde humana, este trabalho busca analisar a distribuição espacial de doenças diarreicas em crianças de zero a quatro anos de idade nos municípios pertencentes a bacia do rio Doce e suas possíveis correlações com os serviços de abastecimento de água e esgoto, bem como averiguar a possível influência do rompimento da barragem de Fundão sobre as taxas de incidência de doenças diarreicas nos municípios dependentes de capitação de água do rio Doce. Apesar de não terem sido verificadas correlações significativas referentes à sazonalidade (Kruskal-Wallis), serviços de água e esgoto (Spearman) e o rompimento da barragem sobre as taxas de incidência (Mann-Whitney), foi possível observar que a população infantil, é a mais vulnerável e a distribuição de casos estão, no decorrer dos anos, concentrados na porção norte e leste da bacia, por meio da autocorrelação espacial (Kernel e I de Moran). Deste modo, ressalta-se a necessidade de adoção de medidas eficazes de prevenção e controle da diarreia infantil nos municípios da bacia do rio Doce.
Mitigasi Permukiman Tepi Sungai di Kelurahan Mlatiharjo
Authors: Nugroho H.N. , Alfibrian N. , Sabana M.R.D. , Labiba D. , Mintiea T. , Gunawan S.E. , Ulfa A.M. , Perwitasari N. , Sinaga I.N. , Samosir N.M.
Published: November 2019

Semarang City is passed by Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat dan Sungai Banjir Kanal Timur which is the purpose of development of these two canals as a form of flood prevention in Semarang city because Semarang city is prone to flood disaster. Floods that occur in Semarang city can be divided into three sources, namely flood shipment generally comes from the upper regions such as Semarang regency, especially Ungaran District, local floods that are the result of river water flows and times, and rob floods coming from tidal water area Coastal Semarang. Although the construction of artificial river has been done by the government of Semarang City, until now the flood is still one of the main problems that hinder the growth and development of Semarang City. The government has made efforts to normalize the Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat, but until now has not been able to do the normalize Sungai Banjir Kanal Timur. The method used in this research is quantitative method that uses secondary data to be processed and qualitative method in the form of gathering perspective of people living on the banks of BKT River, precisely in Mlatiharjo RW IV and RW V Village by way of interview and direct observation. The final result of this research is siteplan design area, the result of design analysis, management and financing management, and recommendation. The concept offered is Mlatiharjo Eco Riverfront Settlement Mitigation, a design concept that focuses on reducing flooding with disaster mitigation efforts.
A comparative evaluation of systems for scalable linear algebra-based analytics
Authors: Thomas Anthony , Kumar Arun
Published: November 2019

The growing use of statistical and machine learning (ML) algorithms to analyze large datasets has given rise to new systems to scale such algorithms. But implementing new scalable algorithms in low-level languages is a painful process, especially for enterprise and scientific users. To mitigate this issue, a new breed of systems expose high-level bulk
linear algebra
(LA) primitives that are scalable. By composing such LA primitives, users can write analysis algorithms in a higher-level language, while the system handles scalability issues. But there is little work on a unified comparative evaluation of the scalability, efficiency, and effectiveness of such "scalable LA systems." We take a major step towards filling this gap. We introduce a suite of LA-specific tests based on our analysis of the data access and communication patterns of LA workloads and their use cases. Using our tests, we perform a comprehensive empirical comparison of a few popular scalable LA systems: MADlib, MLlib, SystemML, ScaLAPACK, SciDB, and TensorFlow using both synthetic data and a large real-world dataset. Our study has revealed several scalability bottlenecks, unusual performance trends, and even bugs in some systems. Our findings have already led to improvements in SystemML, with other systems' developers also expressing interest. All of our code and data scripts are available for download at https://adalabucsd.github.io/slab.html.
Fast large-scale trajectory clustering
Authors: Wang Sheng , Bao Zhifeng , Culpepper J. Shane , Sellis Timos , Qin Xiaolin
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we study the problem of large-scale trajectory data clustering,k-paths, which aims to efficiently identifyk"representative" paths in a road network. Unlike traditional clustering approaches that require multiple data-dependent hyperparameters,k-paths can be used for visual exploration in applications such as traffic monitoring, public transit planning, and site selection. By combining map matching with an efficient intermediate representation of trajectories and a noveledge-based distance(EBD) measure, we present a scalable clustering method to solvek-paths. Experiments verify that we can cluster millions of taxi trajectories in less than one minute, achieving improvements of up to two orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art solutions that solve similar trajectory clustering problems.
Automating distributed tiered storage management in cluster computing
Authors: Herodotou Herodotos , Kakoulli Elena
Published: November 2019

Data-intensive platforms such as Hadoop and Spark are routinely used to process massive amounts of data residing on distributed file systems like HDFS. Increasing memory sizes and new hardware technologies (e.g., NVRAM, SSDs) have recently led to the introduction of storage tiering in such settings. However, users are now burdened with the additional complexity of managing the multiple storage tiers and the data residing on them while trying to optimize their workloads. In this paper, we develop a general framework for automatically moving data across the available storage tiers in distributed file systems. Moreover, we employ machine learning for tracking and predicting file access patterns, which we use to decide when and which data to move up or down the storage tiers for increasing system performance. Our approach uses incremental learning to dynamically refine the models with new file accesses, allowing them to naturally adjust and adapt to workload changes over time. Our extensive evaluation using realistic workloads derived from Facebook and CMU traces compares our approach with several other policies and showcases significant benefits in terms of both workload performance and cluster efficiency.
«A toujours fuir, on fuit son avenir»
Authors: Attinger Pascal
Published: November 2019

The article discusses a choice of Sumerian proverbs or anecdotes. As the different translations show, their meaning is most often controversial.
Enhancement of Glass Production Rate in Joule Heated Ceramic Melter
Authors: Suneel G. , Kaushik Chetan P. , Satya Sai P. M. , Gayen J. K. , Ravi K. V.
Published: November 2019

In this research work, experimental studies and numerical simulation of Joule Heated Ceramic Melter (JHCM) used for vitrification of radioactive liquid waste (RLW) were carried out. The isolation of the long-lived radioactive isotopes by fixing them in suitable host matrix is the only practical approach adopted for conditioning of highly radioactive waste generated from the nuclear fuel cycle. RLW and preformed glass beads are added simultaneously on a molten glass pool maintained at 1000 °C in JHCM to form a product that is qualified for long term storage. The sequence and kinetics of different reactions taking place in JHCM were identified and calculated by carrying out Thermogravimetric Analysis of the radioactive species present in RLW at different heating rates. The effects of these constituents on the melter throughput and quality of the Vitrified Waste Product (VWP) produced were assessed. The foam generated during vitrification process has a major influence on the design of melters. The amount of foam generated was quantified and its influence on glass production rate was analyzed. Melt rate limitations were determined for JHCM based on the measured thermo-physical properties. Minimum residence time required for producing product of the desired specification is determined. A model is developed for determining the glass melting rates. Experiments were carried out for generating data required for validation of the model. The model predictions are compared with experimental results. The factors affecting the product throughput and quality are identified with an objective of reducing the residence time of the product thereby increasing the throughput. The effect of agitation on the rate of melting of glass was determined.
Isomorphic co-expression of nominal predication subdomains: An Indo-Iranian case study
Authors: Shirtz Shahar
Published: November 2019

This paper explores the isomorphic co-expression of nominal predication subdomains across ten Indo-Iranian languages. Unlike many previous studies, this paper takes into account combinations of structural coding means, and does not limit its scope to the copula. Further this paper does not limit its attention to “primary” strategies and also takes into account “secondary” or “rare” attested strategies. Then, this paper presents a method based on bipartite graphs to visualize and compare patterns by which two subdomains of nominal predication are co-expressed by isomorphic combinations of coding means. The results show that every pair of subdomains is co-expressed at least somewhere across the family. In five of the ten languages studied here, predicative possession is expressed by the coding means usually used for equation or proper inclusion, but never as the main strategy to express predicative possession. This suggests that unlike what scholars have so far assumed, such situations may be crosslinguistically common but intra-linguistically rare. Another surprising result is the rare isomorphic co-expression of predicative possession and predicate location (i. e. with completely identical morphosyntax), but the much more common co-expression of predicative possession and existence. Altogether, this paper highlights the importance of taking into account intra-linguistic variation in morphosyntactic comparison.
Si metasurface half-wave plates demonstrated on a 12-inch CMOS platform
Authors: Dong Yuan , Xu Zhengji , Li Nanxi , Tong Jinchao , Fu Yuan Hsing , Zhou Yanyan , Hu Ting , Zhong Qize , Bliznetsov Vladimir , Zhu Shiyang , Lin Qunying , Zhang Dao Hua , Gu Yuandong , Singh Navab
Published: November 2019

Half-wave plate (HWP) is one of the key polarization controlling devices in optical systems. The conventional HWPs based on birefringent crystals are inherently bulky and difficult to be monolithically integrated with other optical components. In this work, metasurface-based HWPs with high compactness are demonstrated on a 12-inch silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor platform. Three-dimensional finite difference time domain simulation is used to design the nanostructure and investigate the impact of fabrication process variation on the device performance. In addition, the cross- and co-polarization transmittance (T
cross and T
co) of the HWPs located at different wafer locations are characterized experimentally. The peak T
cross and valley T
co values of 0.69 ± 0.053 and 0.032 ± 0.005 are realized at the wavelength around 1.7 μm, respectively. This corresponds to a polarization conversion efficiency of 95.6% ± 0.8%.
Serological ferritin, 100A12, procalcitonin and APACHEII score in prediction the prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Chen Xubin , Zhou Jiancang , Xu Liangfei , Chen Ling , Mao Pingan , Yang Xuelin
Published: November 2019

Objective The aim of the present work was to investigate the prognostic value of serological ferritin, 100A12, procalcitonin (PCT) and APACHEII score in predicting death risk for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods Forty eight ARDS patients were recruited from Feb. 2016 to Jan. 2019 from Lishui People’s Hospital. According to their prognosis (survival or death within 28 days), these 48 patients were further divided into the survival group (n=28) and death group (n=20). The serological levels of S100A12, PCT and ferritin of the 48 ARDS patients were examined within 24 hours after hospitalization. Demographic characteristics, serum S100A12, PCT and ferritin were compared between the two groups, and diagnostic analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of these markers in predicting the death of ARDS patients.

Results The serum S100A12, ferritin and APACHEII scores of the death group were significantly higher than those of the survival group (p<0.05). However, serum PCT levels were not statistically different between the two groups (p>0.05). The death prediction sensitivity for serum S100A12, PCT, ferritin and APACHEII score were 65.0 (40.78-84.61)%, 60.00(36.05-80.88) %,75.0(50.90-91.34)% and 85.0(62.11-96.79)% respectively. The death prediction specificity for serum S100A12, PCT, ferritin and APACHEII score were 75.0(55.13-89.31)%, 60.00(36.05-80.88)%, 64.29(44.07-81.36)% and 82.14(63.11-93.94)%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for serum S100A12, PCT, ferritin and APACHEII score were 0.68(0.51-0.84), 0.63(0.46-0.79), 0.71(0.56-0.86) and 0.91(0.83-0.99) respectively.

Conclusion Serological ferritin, 100A12, PCT and APACHEII scores can be used as biomarkers to predict the death risk of ARDS patients.
RAP-method (random perturbation method) for finding 𝑆-minimax control vectors and parameter estimates for some linear systems with random coefficients
Authors: Vladimirova A. I. , Girko Vyacheslav L. , Shevchuk L. D.
Published: November 2019

The spectral equations for the minimax estimates of the parameters of some systems are obtained.
Comparative Study of Photocarrier Dynamics in CVD-deposited CuWO4, CuO, and WO3 Thin Films for Photoelectrocatalysis
Authors: Hirst James , Müller Sönke , Peeters Daniel , Sadlo Alexander , Mai Lukas , Reyes Oliver Mendoza , Friedrich Dennis , Mitoraj Dariusz , Devi Anjana , Beranek Radim , Eichberger Rainer
Published: November 2019

The temporal evolution of photogenerated carriers in CuWO4, CuO and WO3 thin films deposited via a direct chemical vapor deposition approach was studied using time-resolved microwave conductivity and terahertz spectroscopy to obtain the photocarrier lifetime, mobility and diffusion length. The carrier transport properties of the films prepared by varying the copper-to-tungsten stoichiometry were compared and the results related to the performance of the compositions built into respective photoelectrochemical cells. Superior carrier mobility was observed for CuWO4 under frontside illumination.
Abnormal Photic Entrainment to Phase-Delaying Stimuli in the R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease, despite Retinal Responsiveness to Light
Authors: Ouk Koliane , Aungier Juliet , Ware Michelle , Morton A. Jennifer
Published: November 2019

The circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals entrains to ambient light via the retinal photoreceptors. This allows behavioral rhythms to change in synchrony with seasonal and daily changes in light period. Circadian rhythmicity is progressively disrupted in Huntington’s disease (HD) and in HD mouse models such as the transgenic R6/2 line. Although retinal afferent inputs to the SCN are disrupted in R6/2 mice at late stages, they can respond to changes in light/dark cycles, as seen in jet lag and 23 h/d paradigms. To investigate photic entrainment and SCN function in R6/2 mice at different stages of disease, we first assessed the effect on locomotor activity of exposure to a 15 min light pulse given at different times of the day. We then placed the mice under five non-standard light conditions. These were light cycle regimes (T-cycles) of T21 (10.5 h light/dark), T22 (11 h light/dark), T26 (13 h light/dark), constant light, or constant dark. We found a progressive impairment in photic synchronization in R6/2 mice when the stimuli required the SCN to lengthen rhythms (phase-delaying light pulse, T26, or constant light), but normal synchronization to stimuli that required the SCN to shorten rhythms (phase-advancing light pulse and T22). Despite the behavioral abnormalities, we found thatPer1and c-fosgene expression remained photo-inducible in SCN of R6/2 mice. Both the endogenous drift of the R6/2 mouse SCN to shorter periods and its inability to adapt to phase-delaying changes will contribute to the HD circadian dysfunction.
Differences in GluN2B-Containing NMDA Receptors Result in Distinct Long-Term Plasticity at Ipsilateral versus Contralateral Cortico-Striatal Synapses
Authors: Li Wei , Pozzo-Miller Lucas
Published: November 2019

Excitatory neurons in the primary motor cortex project bilaterally to the striatum. However, whether synaptic structure and function in ipsilateral and contralateral cortico-striatal pathways is identical or different remains largely unknown. Here, we describe that excitatory synapses in the mouse contralateral pathway have higher levels of NMDA-type of glutamate receptors (NMDARs) than those in the ipsilateral pathway, although both synapses utilize the same presynaptic vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT). We also show that NMDARs containing the GluN2B subunit, but not GluN2A, contribute to this difference. The altered NMDAR subunit composition in these two pathways results in opposite synaptic plasticity induced by θ-burst stimulus: long-term depression in the ipsilateral pathway and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the contralateral pathway. The standard long-term depression (LTD)-inducing protocol using paired postsynaptic and presynaptic activity triggers synaptic depression at ipsilateral pathway synapses, but not at those of the contralateral pathway. Altogether, our results provide novel and unexpected evidence for the lack of bilaterality of NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission at cortico-striatal pathways due to differences in the expression of GluN2B subunits, which results in differences in bidirectional synaptic plasticity.
Global geological methane emissions: An update of top-down and bottom-up estimates
Authors: Etiope Giuseppe , Schwietzke Stefan
Published: November 2019

A wide body of literature suggests that geological gas emissions from Earth’s degassing are a major methane (CH4) source to the atmosphere. These emissions are from gas-oil seeps, mud volcanoes, microseepage and submarine seepage in sedimentary (petroleum-bearing) basins, and geothermal and volcanic manifestations. Global bottom-up emission estimates, ranging from 30 to 76 Tg CH4 yr–1, evolved in the last twenty years thanks to the increasing number of flux measurements, and improved knowledge of emission factors and area distribution (activity). Based on recent global grid maps and updated evaluations of mud volcano and microseepage emissions, the global geo-CH4 source is now (bottom-up) estimated to be 45 (27–63) Tg yr–1, i.e., ~8% of total CH4 sources. Top-down verifications, based on independent approaches (including ethane and isotopic observations) from different authors, are consistent with the range of the bottom-up estimate. However, a recent top-down study, based on radiocarbon analyses in polar ice cores, suggests that geological, fossil (14C-free) CH4 emissions about 11,600 years ago were much lower (<15 Tg yr–1, 95% CI) and that this source strength could also be valid today. Here, we show that (i) this geo-CH4 downward revision implies a fossil fuel industry CH4 upward revision of at least 24–35%. (ii) The 95% CI estimates of the recent radiocarbon analysis do not overlap with those of 5 out of 6 other bottom-up and top-down studies (no overlap for the 90% CI estimates). (iii) The contrasting lines of evidence require further discussion, and research opportunities exist to help explain this gap.
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with a solitary brain metastasis and low Ki-67: a unique subtype
Authors: Hermans B C M , Derks J L , Groen H J M , Stigt J A , van Suylen R J , Hillen L M , van den Broek E C , Speel E J M , Dingemans A-M C
Published: November 2019

Introduction

Stage IV large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung generally presents as disseminated and aggressive disease with a Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) 40–80%. LCNEC can be subdivided in two main subtypes: the first harboring TP53/RB1 mutations (small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)-like), the second with mutations in TP53 and STK11/KEAP1 (non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)-like). Here we evaluated 11 LCNEC patients with only a solitary brain metastasis and evaluate phenotype, genotype and follow-up.

Methods

Eleven LCNEC patients with solitary brain metastases were analyzed. Clinical characteristics and survival data were retrieved from medical records. Pathological analysis included histomorphological analysis, immunohistochemistry (pRB and Ki-67 PI) and next-generation sequencing (TP53, RB1, STK11, KEAP1 and MEN1).

Results

All patients had N0 or N1 disease. Median overall survival (OS) was 12 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.5–18.5 months). Mean Ki-67 PI was 59% (range 15–100%). In 6/11 LCNEC Ki-67 PI was ≤40%. OS was longer for Ki-67 ≤40% compared to >40% (17 months (95% CI 11–23 months) vs 5 months (95% CI 0.7–9 months), P = 0.007). Two patients were still alive at follow-up after 86 and 103 months, both had Ki-67 ≤40%. 8/11 patients could be subclassified, and both SCLC-like (n = 6) and NSCLC-like (n = 2) subtypes were present. No MEN1 mutation was found.

Conclusion

Stage IV LCNEC with a solitary brain metastasis and N0/N1 disease show in the majority of cases Ki-67 PI ≤40% and prolonged survival, distinguishing them from general LCNEC. This unique subgroup can be both of the SCLC-like and NSCLC-like subtype.
NMN does not protect the ovarian reserve from cancer treatments
Authors: Stringer Jessica , Groenewegen Ella , Liew Seng H , Hutt Karla
Published: November 2019

Primordial follicle oocytes are extremely vulnerable to DNA damage caused by exogenous agents, such as those commonly used to treat cancer. Consequently, female cancer patients often have diminished ovarian reserve, which if severe enough, can cause premature ovarian failure and early menopause. Advances in cancer therapies have resulted in significantly improved cancer survival rates; therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to devise strategies to protect the ovarian reserve from cancer treatments, to avoid loss of fertility and endocrine dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to determine whether supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) could preserve the ovarian reserve following exposure to DNA-damaging cancer treatments. Adult female mice (n = 5–6/group) received saline or NMN (500 mg/kg/day) for 8 days. Mice were left untreated or exposed to γ-irradiation (0.1 Gy) or cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) on day 7 and ovaries and serum collected for analysis on day 12. We report that γ-irradiation treatment significantly reduced the number of primordial follicles, but supplementation with NMN did not prevent the observed follicle loss. Similarly, cyclophosphamide treatment significantly reduced primordial follicle numbers, but these losses were not prevented by NMN supplementation. In conclusion, depletion of the ovarian reserve following γ-irradiation or cyclophosphamide was not protected by NMN supplementation under the conditions employed in this study.
Respuestas juveniles al cambio climático desde los campus de Climántica
Authors: Sóñora Luna Francisco , Alonso Méndez Aitor , García-Vinuesa Antonio
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se analizan los contextos innovadores generados en los campus juveniles del proyecto Climántica y se profundiza en ellos a través de un estudio de caso relativo a la expresión de las valoraciones de los estudiantes que participaron en el Primer Campus Climántica Iberoamérica celebrado en San José (Costa Rica) del 8 al 12 de abril de 2019, el cual recibió el máximo patrocinio de la UNESCO. Abarca la evolución del diseño de este tipo de campus que se pusieron en marcha en el curso 2007-2008 con el objetivo de investigar sobre nuevas formas en las que deben aprender los estudiantes para ser líderes creativos y comunicadores eficaces del cambio climático a través de la creación de productos de sensibilización ciudadana. Se recoge también la fundamentación y la evolución del proceso de selección, centrado inicialmente en encuentros presenciales de autores en Galicia, y desde el 2011 a través de una plataforma de presentación de productos multimedia a modo de congreso virtual, hecho que facilitó el proceso de internacionalización.
An Unknown Copy of the Homilies by Kiev Metropolitans
Authors: Belyakova Elena
Published: November 2019

As a result of the study of canonical collections, it was possible to find a previously unknown manuscript of the Cycles of homilies by Kiev metropolitans of the 16th century, preserved in a copy of the beginning of the 19th century. The list was apparently made for practical purposes – to use in sermons. The language of the monument has undergone a certain russification — the scribe tried to remove the obvious traces of the “simple language” in his text.The found manuscript allows us to present the cycle of the homilies by Kiev metropolitans as a complete work. Despite its largely compilatory nature, the homilies are a valuable source on the history of the era of confessionalism in Eastern Europe. They show ways of disciplining the laypeople and clergy in conditions when Orthodoxy did not have direct government support. The period of the 16th century is sparingly consecrated by the sources of the Kiev Metropolis – which makes the study of the homilies of the Kiev metropolitans of this period more valuable.
Desarrollo rural sostenible: factores subyacentes en las mentalidades campesinas
Authors: Torres Luis Eduardo
Published: November 2019

El siguiente producto, se desprende de la investigación titulada: “El Ser Agroecológico del Campesino Andino Tachirense” llevada a cabo por el autor como tesis doctoral, en la cual sobre la base de sus mentalidades develó el ser agroecológico del campesino andino tachirense; enmarcado dentro del enfoque cualitativo y método fenomenológico con su contrastación teórica.El contexto de estudio estuvo representado por municipios agrícolas del Estado Táchira, Venezuela, en los cuales se seleccionó doce (12) informantes clave, obedeciendo al criterio de ser campesinos con experiencias prácticas en agricultura convencional o agroecológica; a quienes se entrevistó en forma no estructurada, bajó un guión de preguntas; de igual modo, se hizo uso de la técnica de observación participante con su respectivo registro en forma de notas de campo. Los hallazgos permitieron describir diferentes factores subyacentes en las mentalidades campesinas, entre los que se encuentran económicos, políticos, sociales y culturales, los cuales desde una visión gerencial pueden aportar a optimizar procesos gerenciales contextualizados en los territorios rurales que contribuyan a mejorar las condiciones de vida de sus pobladores.
Medición de las competencias investigativas en los docentes adscritos al departamento de ciencias sociales de la Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira
Authors: Baldo Josefina , Pacheco Mónica , Rangel Zulay
Published: November 2019

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo diseñar y convalidar un instrumento para la medición de las competencias investigativas en los docentes adscritos al Departamento de Ciencias Sociales de la UNET, con la intención de que los datos recolectados sean válidos y confiables y que el mismo pueda ser usado en otros contextos similares a las del estudio. Desarrollada bajo en enfoque epistemológico cuantitativo, de tipo descriptiva y de campo, con respecto a la población, estuvo representada por los 38 docentes adscritos al Departamento mencionado. Para recolectar los datos se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta y el cuestionario como instrumento, aplicado a la población seleccionada; el mismo se construyó utilizando una escala con cinco (5) alternativas de respuestas. Las conclusiones: el instrumento y sus escalas fueron sometidos a un proceso de validación y confiabilidad, para lo cual se utilizaron el coeficiente de concordancia de Kendall que arrojó como resultado similitud de respuestas entre los expertos que analizaron la redacción de los ítems en cuanto a claridad (p = 0,039), congruencia (p = 0045) y tendenciosidad (p = 0,035), mientras que el valor de confiabilidad de 0,87 indica muy alta confiabilidad. Sobre la aplicación del cuestionario a los docentes sujetos de estudio se obtuvo que aun cuando éstos tienen conocimiento sobre aspectos relacionados con el desarrollo de los proyectos de investigación, no siempre los aplican al momento de su elaboración, lo que evidencia dificultades en cuanto a las competencias investigativas, referidas a un conjunto de saberes, destrezas, comportamientos y valores adquiridos que deben utilizar los docentes para enfrentar su cotidianidad académica.
Las agendas de investigación: una herramienta para orientar la investigación en la educación superior
Authors: Núñez-Rodríguez José de Jesús
Published: November 2019

Las universidades constituyen el núcleo académico por excelencia para la construcción del conocimiento. La sociedad ha delegado en ellas la inmensa responsabilidad de ir abriendo el camino en la evolución de nuevos saberes y nuevas tecnologías que garanticen una mejor calidad de vida para las presentes y futuras generaciones. Investigar, como acto científico, requiere estar muy bien informado de lo que pasa en su entorno inmediato y global para abordar las temáticas y las tendencias que señalan la senda que se ha de seguir, es decir los investigadores deben ser estratégicos para asumir los compromisos y los esfuerzos de hacer investigación con sentido y con transcendencia, no investigar por investigar.
Meme Kanserli Hastalar Ve Birinci Derece Yakınlarında Periferal Transkriptom Profillerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ERDİŞ Eda , YÜCEL Birsen , ÖZDEMİR Öztürk
Published: November 2019

Amaç: Meme kanserinde gen ekspresyon profillerinin kantitatif olarak ölçümü klinik düzeyde önemli bir araç olma potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, meme kanserli hastalar, bu hastaların birinci derece yakınlarının periferal transkriptom profilleri sağlıklı kontrol grubu da dahil edilerek kantitatif olarak karşılaştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Materyal-metod: Çalışma popülasyonu, cerrahi ve sonrasında kemoterapi ile tedavi edilmiş olup, radyoterapi için kliniğimize başvuran 30 meme kanserli hasta (aile öyküsü olmayan sporadik vakalar), bu hastaların 30 kişilik birinci derece yakınları (kız kardeş veya kız çocukları) ve 30 kişilik sağlıklı, aile öyküsü negatif olan bireylerden oluşmaktadır. Total genomik RNA, her üç grupta da periferal kandan ayrılmıştır ve gen ekspresyon profilleri niceliksel olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda 36 gen ürünü değerlendirilmiştir. Ancak sadece ER, HER2, p53, GATA–3, GRB–7, EGFR, MYC, BCL–2, VEGF gibi 9 genin ekspresyon profilleri kantitatif olarak ölçülebilmiştir. Bulgular: Kantitatif olarak ölçülen 9 gen profili, her 3 grup için karşılaştırıldığında, gruplar arasında fark saptanmamıştır (p<0.050). Ancak HER2, GATA3, GRB-7 ve EGFR’nin gen ekspresyon profilinin ortanca kantitatif değerleri hasta grubunda, hasta yakını ve meme kanseri olmayan bireylere göre anlamlı daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.050). Sonuç: HER2, GATA3, GRB-7 ve EGFR’nin gen profilinin kantitatif değerleri periferik kandan ölçülmüş olup, hasta grubunda, hasta yakını ve meme kanseri olmayan bireylere göre anlamlı daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
АНАЛИЗ И ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ ЦЕЛЕЙ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Коменденко Сергей Николаевич , Светашова Юлия Вячеславовна
Published: November 2019

Цель: обоснование нового метода оценки интегральной эффективности достижения организацией целей устойчивого развития, включающих экономические, социальные и экологические цели. Обсуждение: современные коммерческие организации под давлением стейкхолдеров вынуждены наряду с финансовыми целями включать в свою стратегию вопросы социальной ответственности, что уже привело к формированию нового вида корпоративной отчетности – отчетности об устойчивом развитии. Существующие попытки интегральной оценки эффективности достижения такого комплекса целей характеризуются общими недостатками – субъективностью выбора соотношений экономических, социальных и экологических составляющих, а также отсутствием экономического содержания интегрального показателя. Результаты: опираясь на арбитражную портфельную теорию и метод риск-нейтральных оценок, мы предлагаем метод корректировки доходности в зависимости от вклада экологических и социальных факторов, рассматриваемых как факторы риска. Для преодоления ограничений информационной базы мы разработали альтернативный способ такой корректировки, заключающийся в оценке влияния факторов устойчивого развития на бета-коэффициенты.
НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОСТИНИЧНОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ПАРАДИГМЫ
Authors: Иванова Анна Николаевна
Published: November 2019

Цель: в статье ставится задача рассмотреть и систематизировать теоретико-методологические аспекты развития гостиничного предприятия в условиях инновационной парадигмы. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам, связанным с функционально-целевыми аспектами использования инноваций в деятельности гостиничных предприятий. Обсуждение: автор обосновывает безальтернативность и высокий уровень значимости использования инноваций для прогрессивного развития предприятий гостиничного бизнеса, раскрывает сущность функционально-целевых ориентиров и выделяет основные особенности функционирования гостиничного предприятия в рамках инновационной парадигмы, проводит анализ отдельных существующих практических аспектов инновационно-активного развития гостиничных предприятий в стране. Результаты: предлагается развернутая оценка особенностей использования инноваций в хозяйственно-экономической деятельности предприятий гостиничного типа. Главное достоинство подобной оценки заключается в определении основных направлений расширения инновационной активности в системе гостиничного бизнеса, что может способствовать развитию предприятий данного направления деятельности.
SCHWANNOMA İLE KARIŞAN MALİGN SOLİTER FİBRÖZ TÜMÖR-BİR OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: AKIN Süleyman Emre , ESME Hıdır , DURAN Ferdane Melike
Published: November 2019

Plevranın soliter fibröz tümörleri; tüm plevral
tümörler içerisinde %5’ den az görülür. %10-20 oranında malign olabilen bu
tümörler , çoğunlukla semptom vermeyip , toraks içerisinde büyük boyutlara
ulaşabilen iyi sınırlı kitlelerdir. Tanı ve tedavide komplet rezeksiyon
gereklidir. Nüks  ve malign transformasyon
riski vardır. Bu çalışmada, kliniğimizde sol hemitoraksta kitle nedeni ile
opere edilen ve postoperatif patolojik tanısında çelişki görülen oldukça nadir
rastlanan bu olgu literatür bilgileri eşliğinde sunulmuştur.
Fluorescence Titering Assay for Lentivirus v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: November 2019

This protocol is for running a fluorescence titering assay for lentivirus. To see the full abstract and additional resources, visit the Addgene protocol page. Sample Data
O lugar da adivinhação nas reflexões de Cícero sobre a religião romana: 'divinatio' entre 'religio' e 'superstitio'
Authors: Cairo Maria Emilia
Published: November 2019

Como já se observou, nos textos de Cícero se registra pela primeira vez o emprego da palavra divinatio como termo que se refere ao conjunto de rituais adivinhatórios. Neste trabalho, indagaremos qual é o seu emprego e que valoração recebe em De natura deorum, em De fato e em De divinatione. Desse modo, analisaremos em particular que lugar ocupa na oposição entre religio (entendida como o conjunto de práticas adequadas para levar adiante o cultus deorum) e superstitio (sua contraparte negativa, caracterizada por uma crença desmedida e irracional).
Os retratos de um imperador: contribuições ao debate historiográfico sobre Nero e seu Principado
Authors: Coelho Ana Lucia Santos
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar que, ao longo da história, o imperador Nero sofreu um processo de abolição da memória, que ajudou a destacar os seus crimes e a forjar a imagem monstruosa que temos hoje. Nesse sentido, examinaremos de que maneira os estudiosos contemporâneos mais reconhecidos se embasaram em tal abolição para elaborar os seus próprios Neros.
Cícero e Clódio: uma disputa pela autoridade religiosa
Authors: Daetwyler Jhan Lima
Published: November 2019

O artigo tem o objetivo de analisar um momento específico da trajetória política de Cícero, de quando ele volta para a cidade de Roma após o seu exílio, no ano 56 AEC, e precisou lidar com a rivalidade política e religiosa de Clódio. Como veremos, nesse caso, as disputas entre os dois romanos foram devidas aos prodígios relatados pelo colégio dos arúspices. Nesses debates, Cícero tentou provar que a sua autoridade religiosa o fez ser o verdadeiro interlocutor com as divindades e que Clódio, de diversas maneiras, era um inimigo profano que precisava ser combatido pelo bem da República.
'Ius postliminium': 'Os cativos' de Plauto e da Segunda Guerra Púnica
Authors: Silva José Guilherme Rodrigues da
Published: November 2019

Em Os cativos, Plauto encena a tentativa de um pater familias de reaver seu filho, prisioneiro de guerra. A comédia é interpretada à luz do ius postliminium e o texto de Plauto é correlacionado com os esforços romanos de resgate de cativos da Segunda Guerra Púnica.
Surtos bacterianos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: histórico de cinco anos
Authors: Röder Denise Von Dolinger de Brito , De Almeida Santos Jessica , Eire Urzedo Jane , Franco Osme Simone , Rodrigues dos Santos Maisa , De Souza Fontes Astrídia Marília
Published: November 2019

Introdução: A internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) costuma ser prolongada e os neonatos são submetidos a vários fatores de risco, possibilitando a ocorrência de surtos de tempos em tempos apesar das precauções. Objetivo: investigar a ocorrência de surtos bacterianos em uma UTIN de um hospital universitário do interior de Minas Gerais no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2017. Métodos: os dados foram coletados a partir dos registros de surtos ocorridos em UTIN disponibilizados nos documentos do Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar do hospital, incluindo as fichas de vigilância epidemiológica “National Healthcare Safety Network” - NHSN, memorandos, resultados de exames e registros eletrônicos das descrições dos surtos. Resultados: foram encontrados quatro surtos em um período de cinco anos de estudo. O primeiro surto identificado ocorreu no ano de 2013, por infecção de corrente sanguínea pela bactéria Pantoea agglomerans e envolveu seis neonatos. O segundo ocorreu entre novembro de 2014 e março 2015 onde seis neonatos foram envolvidos e não houve um sítio predominante, sendo o Acinetobacter baumannii o micro-organismo isolado, da mesma forma que o terceiro surto, ocorrido em 2015 por esse mesmo agente, englobando 10 neonatos. O último surto aconteceu no ano de 2016 por Pseudomonas aeruginosa, sendo um surto predominantemente de colonização, onde 13 neonatos foram atingidos. Não houveram surtos no ano de 2017. Conclusão: Após levantamento epidemiológico foram identificados quatro surtos, todos por bactérias Gram-negativas. Os neonatos mais acometidos foram os prematuros e de baixo peso ao nascer. Foram identificados micro-organismos resistentes aos carbapenêmicos que, apesar de poucos, se revelaram como um problema presente no local do estudo.
Palavras-Chave: Surto; Infecção Hospitalar; Neonatos.
Acidentes por motocicleta e fatores associados à condição de habilitação dos condutores
Authors: Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , Melo Rosana Alves de , Araújo Fernanda De Souza Andrade , Borges Félix Kaique Bernardo , Holanda Odair Queiroz de , Campos Maria Elda Alves de Lacerda
Published: November 2019

Introdução: os acidentes de transporte terrestre representam importante causa de morbimortalidade sendo as motocicletas, os veículos mais envolvidos nas ocorrências. Nesse sentido, ganha relevância o condutor e sua preparação em conduzir o veículo por meio da habilitação. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de acidentes em condutores de motocicleta e os fatores associados à condição de habilitação. Métodos: estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, tendo amostra composta por 281 pacientes selecionados de forma não probabilística em um Hospital Universitário do sertão pernambucano, no período de dezembro de 2015 a fevereiro de 2016. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário face a face. Foram utilizadas variáveis relacionadas às vítimas e ao acidente. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era homem (91,5%), com média de idade de 34,7 anos, casados ou em união estável (50,2%), e com filhos (68,7%). A maioria dos acidentes ocorreu no turno da noite (41,3%). As motocicletas tinham cilindrada igual ou superior a 125 (88,1%) e os condutores eram os proprietários do veículo (79,0%). Mais da metade dos condutores era inabilitada (58,7%). Com relação a esse grupo sobressaiu a baixa escolaridade (74,8%), a queda (48,7%) como causa principal do evento e a zona de ocorrência rural (68,9%). Para os habilitados, predominaram as colisões (64,6%) e a zona de ocorrência urbana (57,7%). Conclusão: Os acidentes envolvendo motocicleta apresentam alta prevalência em homens adultos-jovens, não habilitados, havendo diferença significativa para baixa escolaridade, a renda mensal inferior a um salário mínimo, a ocorrência zona rural. Nos dois grupos, os veículos utilizados eram motocicletas de 125 cilindradas ou mais, sendo os condutores os proprietários do transporte.
Palavras-Chave: Condução de Veículo; Prevalência; Acidentes de Trânsito