bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualidade sensorial de doces obtidos a partir de duas variedades de mandiocas produzidas no sudeste do Pará
Authors: Cordeiro Joysse Lima , Milhomem Layla Camila Ribeiro , De Oliveira Igor Vinícius , Cruz Wilton Pires da , Silva Claudete Rosa da , Silva Josiane Pereira da , Silva José Nilton da , Silva Vicente Filho Alves , Carvalho Fabio Israel Martins , Silva Priscilla Andrade
Published: July 2020

No presente estudo objetivou-se elaborar doces e avaliar suas características sensoriais, produzidos a partir de duas variedades de mandioca. Para obtenção dos doces foram elaboradas quatro formulações de doces diferentes para cada variedade (Cacau e Jaibara) tais como: C1- doce de chocolate/Cacau; JB1 - doce de chocolate/Jaibara; C2 - doce de chocolate com pimenta/Cacau; JB2 - doce de chocolate com pimenta/ Jaibara; C3 – doce de queijo com goiabada/Cacau; JB3 - doce de queijo com goiabada/ Jaibara; C4 – doce de coco/ Cacau; e JB4 - doce de coco/ Jaibara, totalizando assim, oito tratamentos onde todos tiveram a mandioca como ingrediente essencial na composição. As análises microbiológicas realizadas nas raízes de mandioca e nos produtos elaborados foram fungos filamentosos e leveduras, Salmonella spp., Coliformes a 35 °C e a 45 °C e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva. Para a avaliação sensorial foram realizados os testes de aceitabilidade para os seguintes parâmetros: aparência, aroma, textura, sabor e impressão global; assim como o índice de aceitação e a intenção de compra dos produtos. Os resultados das análises sensoriais dos produtos elaborados foram submetidos à análise de variância através do teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados verificados nas raízes de mandioca e nos produtos elaborados, indicaram ausência de microrganismos para 25 g de amostra. Todos os parâmetros avaliados no teste de aceitação sensorial obtiveram notas médias entre 6 (gostei ligeiramente) e 8 (gostei muito), indicando aceitação e intenção de compra dos produtos por parte dos provadores. Devido esses doces, não se apresentarem em forma de doces onerosos, as formulações além de garantir renda extra, também se caracterizam como um produto de baixo custo, de fácil processamento, requer pouca mão de obra e ainda podem ser disponibilizados como doces nutritivos e saudáveis, uma opção tecnológica para a cadeia produtiva da mandioca, além de uma fonte alternativa de geração de renda aos agricultores familiares da região Sudeste do Pará.
Diagnóstico rural participativo da comunidade de Lavras, Santarém/PA, Amazônia
Authors: Sousa Luana Marise Rocha de , Conceição Ana Kaira Canté da , Lira Ãdria Giselle dos Santos , Maestri Mayra Piloni , De Aquino Marina Gabriela Cardoso de
Published: July 2020

As atividades realizadas por comunidades extrativistas, ainda que não possuam altos níveis tecnológicos, é uma alternativa viável de fonte de renda para essas populações que precisam dos recursos florestais para sobreviver. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as principais origens, atividades extrativistas utilizadas como fontes de renda e produtos extrativistas comercializados pela comunidade de Lavras, em Santarém-Pará. Na comunidade, 82% das famílias são oriundas do Estado do Pará e 12% do Estado do Ceará, a principal fonte de renda das famílias da comunidade de Lavras é oriunda de aposentadoria, pensão e bolsa governamental como Bolsa Família (35%), os produtos mais cultivados pelas famílias residentes na comunidade de Lavras é o cultivo de laranja (20% das famílias produtoras), mandioca (18%) e mamão (14%). Além dos alimentos cultivados, a comunidade comercializa produtos advindos do extrativismo, sendo os principais o óleo de andiroba (23%), o piquiá (22%) e a castanha-do-Pará (22%). Com base nas informações levantadas, é possível que a comunidade estabeleça seus potenciais e fraquezas, contribuindo assim, para melhoria na tomada de decisões visando organização das atividades produtivas e o bem-estar social das famílias.
Análise de swot do setor florestal na região serrana do estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Aquino Marina Gabriela Cardoso de , Silva Jaiton Jaime das Neves , Neto Gelso Pacheco , Oliveira Lethiane Borges de , Soares Philipe Ricardo Casemiro
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise do setor florestal na Serra Catarinense, através da ferramenta SWOT. Para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado de avaliação para a obtenção das opiniões dos entrevistados acerca de questões relevantes que refletem os pontos fortes e fracos, as oportunidades e as ameaças ao setor florestal na região da serra catarinense. Foram entrevistas 6 pessoas diretamente ligadas ao setor florestal na região da serra catarinense, representando os setores público (órgãos ambientais), privado (empresas florestais) e acadêmico (universidades). O principal ponto forte da região é ‘a elevada produtividade do pinus’; o principal ponto fraco apontado foi ‘a liquidez do investimento a longo prazo’; a mais importante oportunidade foi ‘o aumento de preço da madeira’; a principal ameaça foi ‘a troca de áreas de plantio florestal para culturas anuais ou para criação de gado’.
IL LIBRO DELLA CERTEZZA (KITĀB AL-YAQĪN) DI IBN ʿARABĪ. Edizione, traduzione e note a cura di Maurizio Marconi
Authors: Marconi Maurizio
Published: July 2020

Riassunto: Questo testo è la prima traduzione in lingua occidentale del Libro della certezza, redatto da Ibn ʿArabī in una mattina dell’anno 602 H. mentre era in visita alla Moschea della Certezza, ad alcuni chilometri da Hebron. Il tema dell’opera non è la “nostra” certezza, che Ibn ʿArabī assimila alla convinzione, bensì la certezza in se stessa, intesa come una realtà intellegibile che è dotata di scienza, occhio, verità e realtà essenziale, e nell’esporre questa dottrina Ibn ʿArabī fa ampio ricorso alla scienza delle lettere. Data la loro rilevanza sull’argomento è stata annessa anche la traduzione di tre capitoli delle al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya. Il testo include inoltre una edizione araba dell’opera basata sui quattro manoscritti più antichi.

Abstract: This text is the first translation in Western language of the Book of certainty, written by Ibn ʿArabī during a morning of the year 602 H. while visiting the Mosque of Certainty, some miles afar Hebron. The main subject of the work is not “our” certainty, which Ibn ʿArabī assimilates to conviction, but certainty in itself, considered as an intelligible reality provided with science, eye, truth and essential reality, and in the exposition of this doctrine Ibn ʿArabī has recourse to the science of letters. Due to their relevance to the subject, the translation of three chapters of the al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya has been annexed. The text includes also an Arabic edition of the work, based on the four oldest manuscripts.
IL LIBRO DELLE RISPOSTE ARABE (KITĀB AL-AǦWIBA AL-ʿARABIYYA) DI IBN ʿARABĪ. Edizione, traduzione e note a cura di Maurizio Marconi
Authors: Marconi Maurizio
Published: July 2020

Riassunto: Questo testo è la prima traduzione in lingua occidentale di un’opera poco nota di Ibn ʿArabī, redatta nel primo decennio della sua permanenza a Damasco per un amico che non riusciva a comprendere gli insegnamenti ricevuti dal suo Maestro e che aveva chiesto ad Ibn ʿArabī di spiegarli. Commentando frase per frase gli insegnamenti di quel Maestro Ibn ʿArabī espone le varie fasi della Via, dagli inizi fino a gradi elevati di realizzazione spirituale. La traduzione è accompagnata da copiose note che riportano passi analoghi di altre opere di Ibn ʿArabī, soprattutto delle al-Futūḥāt al-makkiyya. Il testo include inoltre una edizione araba dell’opera basata sui due manoscritti più antichi, confrontati, laddove necessario, con quattro manoscritti più recenti. Data la lunghezza del testo è stato inserito anche un indice analitico.

Abstract: This text is the first translation in Western language of a little known work of Ibn ʿArabī, written during the first decade of his stay in Damascus for a friend who did not understand the teachings received from his Master, and who had asked Ibn ʿArabī to explain them. Providing a commentary, sentence by sentence, for the teachings of that Master, Ibn ʿArabī expounds the different stages of the way, from the beginnings up to high degrees of spiritual realization. The translation is provided with copious annotations, quoting similar passages drawn from other works of Ibn ʿArabī, mainly from the al-Futūḥāt al-makkiyya. The text includes also an Arabic edition of the work, based on the two oldest manuscripts, compared, when needed, with four later manuscripts. Due to the length of the work an analytical index has been added.
INDICI DEL MANOSCRITTO DEL LIBRO DELLE RISPOSTE ARABE KITĀB AL-AǦWIBA AL-ʿARABIYYA DI IBN ʿARABĪ
Authors: Marconi Maurizio
Published: July 2020

Índice de citas coránicas y hadices, nombres de personas, nombres de lugares, obras mencionadas, etapas autobiográficas de Ibn ʿArabī y términos árabes.
Relación de las calificaciones en la prueba ECOE de la administración catalana con el expediente académico y los resultados en la prueba MIR en estudiantes de Medicina de la UPF-UAB
Authors: Gutiérrez Cebollada Juan , Baillés Eva , Girvent Meritxell , Moyano Elisabeth , Larramona Pilar , Pérez Sánchez Jorge
Published: July 2020

En los estudios de Medicina del Campus Mar de Barcelona (UPF-UAB, aunque todavía no se ha implementado la prueba ECOE recomendada por la Conferencia Nacional de Decanos de Facultades de Medicina (CNDFM), todos los estudiantes realizan durante su último año una ECOE diseñada por la administración sanitaria catalana. Nos planteamos realizar un estudio para establecer la posible concordancia entre los resultados en la prueba ECOE externa y los obtenidos en nuestro centro. También se pretendió establecer la relación entre los resultados en la ECOE y en la prueba MIR. El estudio se realizó con todos los graduados de las cuatro primeras promociones del grado en Medicina de la UPF-UAB que habían realizado la prueba ECOE y la prueba MIR. No se encontraron diferencias entre sexos en los resultados de la ECOE. Tanto en hombres como en mujeres, existió una relación positiva y significativa entre los resultados de la ECOE y los del expediente final y los de la prueba MIR.  Los resultados son valorados positivamente  ya que el expediente final está en consonancia con el rendimiento en una prueba donde presuntamente se evalúan de forma adecuada las competencias más relevantes que tendrían que tener los  graduados en Medicina. La relación positiva entre ECOE y MIR permite cierta tranquilidad hasta que en algún momento pueda implementarse una prueba no exclusivamente cognitiva para el acceso a la formación especializada.

In the Medicine studies of the Campus Mar in Barcelona (UPF-UAB) the OSCE test recommended by the Conference of Deans of Spain has not yet been implemented, but all the students take an OSCE designed by the Catalan health administration during their final year. We plan to carry out a study to establish the possible relationship between the results in the external ECOE test and those obtained in our Medical School. We also tried to establish the relationship between the results in the ECOE and in the MIR test. The study was carried out with all the graduates of the first four promotions of the UPF-UAB degree in Medicine who had taken the ECOE test and the MIR test. No differences between sexes were found in the OSCE achievement. In both men and women, there was a positive and significant relationship between the results of the OSCE and those of the final score and those of the MIR test. The results are positively valued since the final score is in line with the performance in a test where presumably the most relevant competencies that graduates in Medicine should have are adequately evaluated. The positive relationship between OSCE and MIR allows some peace of mind until at some point an exam can be implemented that assesses clinical and communication skills for access to specialized training.
Tres semanas de docencia virtual en la Universidad de Murcia (II): Fisioterapia, Odontología, Cirugía y Fisiología.
Authors: Gómez Conesa Antonia , Ortiz Ruiz Antonio José , Cascales Campos Pedro , García-Estañ López Joaquín
Published: July 2020

Presentamos un resumen de las actividades que algunos de los profesores de la Facultad de Medicina de Murcia han llevado a cabo durante las 3 semanas previas a las vacaciones de primavera. En éstas, la docencia presencial tuvo que ser sustituída por actividades en línea o virtuales, a causa de la implantación del estado de alarma en España, que motivó el cierre completo de las Universidades desde el 13 de marzo de 2020. Las experiencias son de Fisioterapia, Odontología Pediátrica, Fundamentos de Cirugía y Fisiología.
Tres semanas de docencia virtual en la Universidad de Murcia (III): Inmunología, Endocrinología, Ética Médica y Vicerrectorado de Estrategia y Universidad Digital.
Authors: Aparicio Alonso Pedro , Hernández Martínez Antonio , Febrero Sánchez Beatriz , Rodríguez González José Manuel , Legaz Pérez Isabel , Ruiz Martínez Pedro
Published: July 2020

Presentamos un resumen de las actividades que algunos de los profesores de la Facultad de Medicina de Murcia han llevado a cabo durante las 3 semanas previas a las vacaciones de primavera. En éstas, la docencia presencial tuvo que ser sustituída por actividades en línea o virtuales, a causa de la implantación del estado de alarma en España, que motivó el cierre completo de las Universidades desde el 13 de marzo de 2020. Las experiencias son de Inmunología, Endocrinología y Etica Médica. Finalmente, la contribución del actual Vicerrector de Estrategia y Universidad Digital, que resumen las actuaciones de su responsabilidad.

We present a summary of the activities that some of the professors of the Faculty of Medicine of Murcia have carried out during the 3 weeks prior to spring break. In these, face-to-face teaching had to be replaced by online or virtual activities, due to the implementation of the state of alarm in Spain, which led to the complete closure of the Universities since March 13, 2020. The experiences are from Immunology, Endocrinology, and Medical Ethics. Finally, the vicechancellor for Estrategy and Digital University summarizes their activities during these times.
Le slam : du projet didactique à l’expérience humaine
Authors: Bomans Dominique
Published: July 2020

L’expérience pédagogique et didactique rapportée dans cet article découle de circonstances où l’auteure est devenue l’initiatrice d’un projet sur le slam dans son école. Celui-ci tenait compte des caractéristiques particulières du milieu francophone québécois dans lequel elle enseigne depuis quatorze ans.

À travers le récit réflexif et introspectif d’une expérience professionnelle marquante, l’auteure nous relate sa prise de conscience langagière et identitaire, et la façon dont celle-ci lui aura permis, au moyen du slam, de renouer avec l’Autre dans son identité et dans sa langue.

Porteur d’apprentissages transformateurs, le slam permettrait, par les échanges qu’il produit, la coconstruction d’une nouvelle identité collective francophone plus inclusive et plus à même de répondre aux besoins de la société métissée de demain.
To the question on power and society in the political ontology of Y. F. Samarin and Slavophiles
Authors: Skorokhodova Svetlana Igorevna
Published: July 2020

The object of this research is the problem of power and society in the political ontology. The indicated problem is viewed in the works of the founder of political philosophy in Russia Y. F. Samarin in the context of teaching of the representatives of “Moscow School”. An attempt is made to demonstrate the multidimensionality of the philosopher’s key ideas and avoid their simplifications and distortions. The evolution of Samarin’s philosophical-political views is described: the initial stage of this writings is focused on the eschatological pursuits, the take roots in the Russian spiritual culture and are associated with the ideas of transformed power, grateful type of being; the next period is concentrated on the ida of national policy, when the power must originate with people, strengthen the interethnic unity and serve to the historical calling of Russia, rather that the distracted political beginning. The analysis of Samarin’s views on power led to the following conclusions: the philosopher believed that it is essential to respect boundaries between the church and state life, but underlines the need of spiritual influence upon the power; each new form of power had to comply with the organic social development, be generated by it, rather than be created artificially or borrowed; the government should lean on the enlightened nation, rather than on cosmopolitan leadership. It is claimed that Samarin’s political position – the “revolutionary conservatism”, which essence consists not in destruction, but construction of the state supported by spiritual culture of Russia and peculiarities of its national pattern, but at the same time in uncompromised antagonism to everything impeding well-being the superpower. It is concluded that the political ontology of Y. F. Samaring and classical Slavophiles became the foundation for philosophical-political constructs of the thinkers of Silver Age and white émigré. Some of his ideas may become the foundation for political ideology of modern Russia.
The key issues of rural multi-child families (on the example of Vilyuysky District of the Sakha Republic)
Authors: Chemporova Mariya Revor'evna , Neustroeva Aiza Borisovna
Published: July 2020

The subject of this research is the problems of multi-child families in rural areas of Vilyuysky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The article explores the definition of multi-child family, as well as federal and regional measures of their social support. The authors describe in detail the key problems currently faced by multi-child families. Assessment is given to the state support of such families. The main research method is the interview with multi-child families residing in Vilyuysky District of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The selection of families for participation in the interview was based on the following criteria: number of children, age, level of education, and parents’ employment status. The main conclusions of the conducted research lie in the description of multi-child parenting from the perspective of rural multi-child families, and determination of trends of multi-child parenting in the region. The results of the research allow speaking of the fact that the dominant reproductive preference of the majority of women living in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) became the family model with three children. The percentage of children born in multi-child families among all children of the republic us 52.8%. The novelty consists in identification of the key problems experienced by multi-child families in the remote northern region. The authors thoroughly describe the financial, housing, pedagogical problems of such families.
The phenomenon of American paleoconservatism in the Russian historiography
Authors: Viazinkin Aleksei
Published: July 2020

This article examines the phenomenon of American paleoconservatism in the Russian historiography, as well as provides an analytical overview of scientific publications on the problems of evolution of American conservatism of the late XX century that touches upon the questions of ideological establishment and political influence of paleoconservatism in the United States. Paleoconservatism represents a nontrivial version of the modern American conservatism, which is opposite to the mainstream forms of conservatism (for example, neoconservatism), but leans on the fundamental American principles, as an ideological defender of the tradition and freedom. The problem of paleoconservatism in Russian historiography is viewed by the representatives of various scientific directions: historians-Americanologists, political scientists, experts in the area of jurisprudence, etc. However, within the Russians science the phenomenon of American paleoconservatism is studied fragmentarily. The problems of committed genealogy, historical development and ideological evolution of American paleoconservatism remain poorly studied. The political writings and views of the key theoreticians and representatives of paleoconservatism – P. Gottfried, P. Brimelow, S. Francis, etc. Nevertheless, the political potential of paleoconservative ideology, which combines the principles of retention of the tradition and inviolability of freedom, is evident in modern world. The demand of political ideas of American paleoconservatists and paleoconservative discourse outside the United States underlines the need for further research of this ideological and political phenomenon.
Analysis of the word-formation nest with the meaning of “nomadity” in the Even language
Authors: Kuzmina Raisa Petrovna
Published: July 2020

The subject of this research is the means of modeling cognate formations within word-formation nest with the top of “nomadity” in the Even language. The relevance of this research is justified by the need for systematization and comprehensive research of Even word formation. The goal of this article is to determine the semantics and word formation structure of derivative words of Even word-formation nest with designation “nomadity”, not previously examined in the works of Even language experts. The acquired results can be used in creation of word-forming dictionary of the Even language, and can be included into materials of special courses on lexicology and word formation. Based on the research of the word-formation nest with the meaning of “nomadity”, a discovery is made on the main features of the key concept, expressed using word-forming means. The authors also determine the semantics of these lexical units, and introduce new linguistic material on jargon and dialects of the Even language into the scientific parlance.
Common differences between the Anglo-American and Romano-Germanic legal systems as the main extralinguistic factors in verbalization of criminal and criminal procedural law
Authors: Tatarinov Matvey K. , Britsyna Nastasia M. , Kovshikova Ekaterina V.
Published: July 2020

This work examines the fundamental differences between legal systems, defining uniqueness of the Russian-language and English-language criminal legal discourses, which should be taken into consideration during communication. Moving general-to-specific, the authors analyze the main differences at the legal system level, directly impacting translation of criminal procedural terminology (primary source of law, its role in formation of juridical technique, etc.), and concentrate their attention on the unique traits of lingual and non-lingual element (idea of the criminal legal system, ways of verbalization, etc.), characteristic to Russian and Anglo-American criminal legal discourses. The novelty of this research is justified by the fact that extralinguistic factors of legal discourse and their role during representation has only been generally studied, without sufficient work being done on verbalization of criminal legal system in the Russian and English languages. Referring to separate articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the authors propose a way of transmitting the essence of the Russian legal institution of investigation and the stage of preliminary inquiry by means of Anglo-American legal terminology.
A Manager's Guide to the New World of Work
Authors: MIT Sloan Management Review
Published: July 2020

Insights from organizations that are navigating the novel challenges of the digital workplace.

How can technology and analytics help companies manage people? Why do teams working remotely still need leaders? When should organizations use digital assessment tools for gauging talent and potential? This book from MIT Sloan Management Review answers questions managers are only beginning to ask, presenting insights and stories from organizations navigating the novel challenges of the digital workplace.

Experts from business and academia describe what's worked, what's failed, and what they've learned in the new world of work. They look at strategies that organizations use to help managers and employees adapt to the fast-changing digital environment, from the benefits of wool-gathering to the use of anonymous chats; examine digital tools for collaboration, including interactive spreadsheets and analytics that increase transparency; and discuss such “big-picture” trends as expanded notions of value and new frontiers in upskilling. A detailed case study, produced by MIT Sloan Management Review in collaboration with McKinsey & Company, explores how IBM reimagined talent and performance management with the goal of increasing employee engagement.

Contributors

Steve Berez, Ethan Bernstein, Josh Bersin, Matthew Bidwell, Ryan Bonnici, Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, Rob Cross, Chris DeBrusk, Federica De Stefano, Thomas H. Davenport, Angela Duckworth, Ken Favaro, Lynda Gratton, Peter Gray, Lindred Greer, John Hagel III, Manish Jhunjhunwala, David Kiron, Frieda Klotz,, David Lazer, Massimo Magni, Likoebe Maruping, Kelly Monahan, Will Poindexter, Reb Rebele, Adam Roseman, Michael Schrage, Jeff Schwartz, Jesse Shore, Brian SolisBarbara Spindel, Anna A. Tavis, Adam Waytz,, David Waller, Maggie Wooll
Estimated Abundances of Cetacean Species in the Northeast Atlantic from Norwegian Shipboard Surveys Conducted in 2014–2018
Authors: Leonard Deanna , Øien Nils
Published: July 2020

A ship-based mosaic survey of Northeast Atlantic cetaceans was conducted over a 5-year period between 2014–2018. The area surveyed extends from the North Sea in the south (southern boundary at 53oN), to the ice edge of the Barents Sea and the Greenland Sea. Survey vessels were equipped with 2 independent observer platforms that detected whales in passing mode and applied tracking procedures for the target species, common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata acutorostrata). Here we present abundance estimates for all non-target species for which there were sufficient sightings. We estimate the abundance of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) to be 11,387 (CV=0.17, 95% CI: 8,072–16,063), of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to be 10,708 (CV=0.38, 95% CI: 4,906–23,370), of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to be 5,704 (CV=0.26, 95% CI: 3,374–9,643), of killer whales (Orcinus orca) to be 15,056 (CV=0.29, 95% CI: 8,423–26,914), of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to be 255,929 (CV=0.20, 95% CI: 172,742–379,175), dolphins of genus Lagenorhynchus to be 192,767 (CV=0.25, 95% CI: 114,033–325,863), and finally of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) to be 7,800 (CV=0.28, 95% CI: 4,373–13,913). Additionally, our survey effort in the Norwegian Sea in 2015 contributed to the 6th North Atlantic Sightings Survey (NASS) and the survey was extended into the waters north and east of Iceland around Jan Mayen island. This NASS extension, along with our Norwegian Sea survey in 2015, was used to estimate the abundance of fin whales, humpback whales, and sperm whales. All estimates presented used mark-recapture distance sampling techniques and were thus corrected for perception bias. Our estimates do not account for additional variance due to distributional shifts between years or biases due to availability or responsive movement.
Genotypic characterization and genome comparison reveal insights into potential vaccine coverage and genealogy of Neisseria meningitidis in military camps in Vietnam
Authors: Le Trang Thu , Tran Thach Xuan , Trieu Long Phi , Austin Christopher M. , Nguyen Huong Minh , Quyen Dong Van
Published: July 2020

Background

Neisseria meningitidis remains the main cause of sporadic meningitis and sepsis in military camps in Vietnam. Yet, very limited molecular data of their genotypic and epidemiological characteristics are available from Vietnam, and particularly the military environment. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has proven useful for meningococcal disease surveillance and guiding preventative vaccination programs. Previously, we characterized key genetic and epidemiological features of an invasive N. meningitidis B isolate from a military unit in Vietnam. Here, we extend these findings by sequencing two additional invasive N. meningitidis B isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of two meningitis cases at another military unit and compared their genomic sequences and features. We also report the sequence types and antigenic profiles of 25 historical and more recently emerged N. meningitidis isolates from these units and other units in proximity.

Methods

Strains were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform, de novo assembled and annotated. Genomes were compared within and between military units, as well as against the global N. meningitidis collection and other isolates from the Southeast Asia region using PubMLST. Variations at the nucleotide level were determined, and phylogenetic relationships were estimated. Antigenic genotypes and vaccine coverage were analyzed using gMATS and PubMLST. Susceptibility of isolates against commonly used antibiotic agents was examined using E-test.

Results

Genome comparison revealed a high level of similarity among isolates both within and between units. All isolates showed resistance to chloramphenicol and carried identical catP gene with other Southeast Asian isolates, suggesting a common lineage. Their antigenic genotypes predicted no coverage by either Bexsero®or Trumenba®, and nucleotide variation analysis revealed diverse new, unassigned alleles at multiple virulence loci of all strains. Groups of singleton and unique novel sequence types extending beyond individual camps were found from epidemiological data of 25 other isolates. Our results add to the sparse published molecular data of N. meningitidis in the military units in Vietnam, highlight their diversity, distinct genetic features and antibiotic resistance pattern, and emphasize the need for further studies on the molecular characteristics of N. meningitidis in Vietnam.
Synthesis and Characterization of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-stearoylpyrazol-5-one and Its Lanthanum(III) and Tungsten(VI) Complexes
Authors: Ehirim A. I. C. , Enenebeaku C. K. , Asimole C. , Ogwuegbu M. O. C. , Ejike E. N. O.
Published: July 2020

The ligand, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-stearoylpyrazol-5-one (HSPy), and its La(III) and W(VI) complexes were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically using elemental analysis, UV-visible, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. Physical properties such as colour, melting points, conductivity measurements and solubility profile were also investigated. La(III) and W(VI) reacted with the ligand in the metal-ligand mole ratios of 1:3 and 1:2 to form neutral complexes of diaquo-trischelate La(SPy)3.2H2O and dioxoaquo-bischelate, WO2(SPy)2.H2O respectively.
Mean Square Asymptotic Boundedness of Stochastic Complex Networks via Impulsive Control
Authors: Zhu Xiaoyi , He Danhua
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the mean square asymptotic boundedness of a class of stochastic complex systems with different dynamic nodes represented by Ito stochastic differential equations is studied.  By using the Lyapunov function and Ito formula, the mean square asymptotic boundedness and mean square asymptotic stability conditions of stochastic complex systems with different dynamic nodes are obtained.
Dossiê 8 - Cemitérios: arte, sociedade e cultura
Authors: Borges Maria Elízia , Almeida Marcelina das Graças de
Published: July 2020

Partindo do trecho da epígrafe acima, que destaca a acuidade da cidade dos mortos, propomos um dossiê que tenha os cemitérios como eixo transversal de algumas das recentes pesquisas no campo da morte e do morrer. Não podemos deixar de mencionar o quanto é imperativo mencionar, logo de início, o clássico livro Arte e Sociedade nos cemitérios brasileiros (1972), do sociólogo Clarival do Prado Valladares (1918- 1983). A obra é resultante da longa pesquisa realizada, entre os anos de 1960 e 1970, na qual apresentou um complexo, difuso e multifacetado cenário dos cemitérios brasileiros.
Representações da arte funerária: homenagens às pessoas que contribuíram para a educação no Brasil
Authors: Borges Maria Elizia
Published: July 2020

Este artigo propõe uma leitura visual de monumentos funerários que homenageiam a sala de aula, os professores (as) e as personalidades beneméritas que colaboraram para o ensino brasileiro. Seguiu-se o historicismo cronológico das passagens que levaram o homem a se tornar este ser especial – educador do grupo social a que pertence. No aparecimento da palavra escrita, do ofício de escrivão e de livreiro, a professora, a sala de aula e membros da sociedade se completam para construir esse arcabouço merecedor da formação intelectual do homem proveniente da instrução e do conhecimento. As esculturas são representadas no formato de retratos memoriais, bustos, hermas, corpos inteiros e utilizando-se de narrativas que valorizam o universo biográfico dos personagens homenageados. Para reconstruir o contexto de memória das pessoas, tive como suporte conceitos da História da Educação, da História da Arte Funerária, da História da Imagem. A pesquisa de campo realizada nos vários cemitérios secularizados do Brasil foi fundamental para a concretização deste trabalho. Essa memória individual tornou-se pública e acessível a todos que visitam o cemitério.
Coronin 2B regulates dendrite outgrowth by modulating actin dynamics
Authors: Chen Yuewen , Xu Jinying , Zhang Yulin , Ma Shuangshuang , Yi Wanying , Liu Saijuan , Yu Xiaojun , Wang Jiali , Chen Yu
Published: July 2020

Cytoskeletal remodeling is indispensable for the development and maintenance of neuronal structures and functions. However, the molecular machinery that controls the balance between actin polymerization and depolymerization during these processes is incompletely understood. Here, we report that coronin 2B, a conserved actin‐binding protein, is concentrated at the tips of developing dendrites and that knockdown of coronin 2B inhibits the growth of dendrites. Importantly, coronin 2B interacts with actin and reduces the F‐actin/G‐actin ratio. Furthermore, the coiled‐coil domain of coronin 2B is required for its oligomerization, thus confining coronin 2B to neurite tips. Our findings collectively suggest that coronin 2B is important for promoting dendrite outgrowth by limiting the speed of actin polymerization at growth cones.
Silk Fibroin 3D Microparticle Scaffolds with Bioactive Ceramics: Chemical, Mechanical, and Osteoregenerative Characteristics
Authors: Parekh Nimisha A. , Deshpande Rucha V. , Shukla Swati G. , Nisal Anuya A.
Published: July 2020

Preparation of 3D scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a challenging task as it requires appropriate pore size and porosities, mechanical properties, and controlled bioerosion rate. The focus of this work is the fabrication of silk fibroin (SF) 3D microparticle scaffolds with the incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium sulfate (CaS) as bioceramics. Physicochemical characterization shows ≈30% filler loading and ≈40% optimum porosity with >100 μm pore size for these filled/unfilled scaffolds. Nanoindentation studies show improved Young's modulus at microparticle level with the incorporation of bioceramics. SF‐HA scaffolds showed three fold increase in Young's modulus, whereas SF‐CaS showed two fold increase. In vitro bioerosion study results in early bioerosion with SF‐CaS scaffold, whereas prolonged bioerosion with SF‐HA scaffold. In vitro osteoregenerative potential is analyzed by estimating alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2), and osteocalcin (OCN). SF CaS supports early stage differentiation while SF 50% HA predominantly supports late stage. The expression of TNF‐α suggests a reduced risk of immune rejection. This work, therefore, concludes that although SF supports bone tissue regeneration, the choice of bioceramic enhances the applicability in various clinical scenarios by providing a controlled bioerosion rate, tunable speed of osteoregeneration, and improved load bearing capacities.
Think Small for Big Impact
Authors: Tirrell Matt , Stayton Pat
Published: July 2020

Molecular engineering has emerged as an approach to integrate molecular‐level science and engineering to develop solutions to urgent societal problems. It aims to bring together molecular design—both rational and evolutionary, chemistry, and assembly to achieve new (bio)materials and device functionality. Molecular engineering also aims to bring researchers together to create new research interfaces between computation, machine learning, (bio)chemical synthesis and technology creation perspectives to accelerate new technologies for water and energy resources, information security, and human health.
A Skin‐Inspired Substrate with Spaghetti‐Like Multi‐Nanofiber Network of Stiff and Elastic Components for Stretchable Electronics
Authors: Hanif Adeela , Bag Atanu , Zabeeb Arsalan , Moon Dong‐Bin , Kumar Surjeet , Shrivastava Sajal , Lee Nae‐Eung
Published: July 2020

Mimicking the skin's non‐linear self‐limiting mechanical characteristics is of great interest. Skin is soft at low strain but becomes stiff at high strain and thereby can protect human tissues and organs from high mechanical loads. Herein, the design of a skin‐inspired substrate is reported based on a spaghetti‐like multi‐nanofiber network (SMNN) of elastic polyurethane (PU) nanofibers (NFs) sandwiched between stiff poly(vinyldenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) NFs layers embedded in polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. The elastic moduli of the stretchable skin‐inspired substrate can be tuned in a range that matches well with the mechanical properties of skins by adjusting the loading ratios of the two NFs. Confocal imaging under stretching indicates that PU NFs help maintain the stretchability while adding stiff P(VDF‐TrFE) NFs to control the self‐limiting characteristics. Interestingly, the Au layer on the substrate indicates a negligible change in the resistance under cyclic (up to 7000 cycles at 35% strain) and dynamic stretching (up to 35% strain), which indicates the effective absorption of stress by the SMNN. A stretchable chemoresistive gas sensor on the skin‐inspired substrate also demonstrates a reasonable stability in NO2 sensing response under strain up to 30%. The skin‐inspired substrate with SMNN provides a step toward ultrathin stretchable electronics.
Hydrogel−Solid Hybrid Materials for Biomedical Applications Enabled by Surface‐Embedded Radicals
Authors: Walia Rashi , Akhavan Behnam , Kosobrodova Elena , Kondyurin Alexey , Oveissi Farshad , Naficy Sina , Yeo Giselle C. , Hawker Morgan , Kaplan David L. , Dehghani Fariba , Bilek Marcela M.
Published: July 2020

Combinations of hydrogels and solids provide high level functionality for devices such as tissue engineering scaffolds and soft machines. However, the weak bonding between hydrogels and solids hampers functionality. Here, a versatile strategy to develop mechanically robust solid−hydrogel hybrid materials using surface embedded radicals generated through plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) of polymeric surfaces is reported. Evidence is provided that the reactive radicals play a dual role: inducing surface‐initiated, spontaneous polymerization of hydrogels; and binding the hydrogels to the surfaces. Acrylamide and silk hydrogels are formed and covalently attached through spontaneous reactions with the radicals on PIII activated polymer surfaces without cross‐linking agents or initiators. The hydrogel amount increases with incubation time, monomer concentration, and temperature. Stability tests indicate that 95% of the hydrogel is retained even after 4 months in PBS solution. T‐peel tests show that failure occurs at the tape−hydrogel interface and the hydrogel‐PIII‐treated PTFE interfacial adhesion strength is over 300 N m−1. Cell assays show no adhesion to the as‐synthesized hydrogels; however, hydrogels synthesized with fibronectin enable cell adhesion and spreading. These results show that polymers functionalized with surface‐embedded radicals provide excellent solid platforms for the generation of robust solid−hydrogel hybrid structures for biomedical applications.
Surface Immobilized Nucleic Acid–Transcription Factor Quantum Dots for Biosensing
Authors: Chen Mingfu , Nguyen Thuy T. , Varongchayakul Nitinun , Grazon Chloé , Chern Margaret , Baer R. C. , Lecommandoux Sébastien , Klapperich Catherine M. , Galagan James E. , Dennis Allison M. , Grinstaff Mark W.
Published: July 2020

Immobilization of biosensors on surfaces is a key step toward development of devices for real‐world applications. Here the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of a surface‐bound transcription factor–nucleic acid complex for analyte detection as an alternative to conventional systems employing aptamers or antibodies are described. The sensor consists of a gold surface modified with thiolated Cy5 fluorophore‐labeled DNA and an allosteric transcription factor (TetR) linked to a quantum dot (QD). Upon addition of anhydrotetracycline (aTc)—the analyte—the TetR‐QDs release from the surface‐bound DNA, resulting in loss of the Förster resonance energy transfer signal. The sensor responds in a dose‐dependent manner over the relevant range of 0–200 µm aTc with a limit of detection of 80 nm. The fabrication of the sensor and the subsequent real‐time quantitative measurements establish a framework for the design of future surface‐bound, affinity‐based biosensors using allosteric transcription factors for molecular recognition.
Designing Decellularized Extracellular Matrix‐Based Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting
Authors: Abaci Alperen , Guvendiren Murat
Published: July 2020

3D bioprinting is an emerging technology to fabricate tissues and organs by precisely positioning cells into 3D structures using printable cell‐laden formulations known as bioinks. Various bioinks are utilized in 3D bioprinting applications; however, developing the perfect bioink to fabricate constructs with biomimetic microenvironment and mechanical properties that are similar to native tissues is a challenging task. In recent years, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)‐based bioinks have received an increasing attention in 3D bioprinting applications, since they are derived from native tissues and possess unique, complex tissue‐specific biochemical properties. This review focuses on designing dECM‐based bioinks for tissue and organ bioprinting, including commonly used decellularization and decellularized tissue characterization methods, bioink formulation and characterization, applications of dECM‐based bioinks, and most recent advancements in dECM‐based bioink design.
Magnetic Resonance Guided Navigation of Untethered Microgrippers
Authors: Ghosh Arijit , Liu Yizhang , Artemov Dmitri , Gracias David H.
Published: July 2020

Microsurgical tools offer a path to less invasive clinical procedures with improved access, reduced trauma, and better recovery outcomes. There are a variety of rigid and flexible endoscopic devices that have significantly advanced diagnostics and microsurgery. However, they rely on wires or tethers for guidance and operation of small end‐effector tools. While untethered physiologically responsive microgrippers have been previously shown to excise tissue from deep gastrointestinal locations in animal models, there are challenges associated with guiding them along paths and moving them to specific locations. In this communication, the magnetic dipole moment of untethered thermally responsive grippers is optimized for efficient coupling to external magnetic resonance (MR) fields. Gripper encapsulation in a millimeter sized wax pellet reduces the friction with the surrounding tissue and MR Navigation (MRN) of a 700 µm sized microgripper is realized within narrow channels in tissue phantoms and in an ex vivo porcine esophagus. The results show convincing proof‐of‐concept evidence that it is possible to sequentially image, move, and guide a submillimeter functional microsurgical tool in tissue conduits using a commercial preclinical MR system, and when combined with prior demonstrations of physiologically responsive in vivo biopsy are an important step towards the clinical translation of untethered microtools.
Investigation of colorectal cancer in accordance with consensus molecular subtype classification
Authors: Sawayama Hiroshi , Miyamoto Yuji , Ogawa Katsuhiro , Yoshida Naoya , Baba Hideo
Published: July 2020

The classification of colorectal cancer (CRC) plays a pivotal role in predicting a patient's prognosis and determining treatment strategies. The consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification system was constructed by analyzing genetic information from 18 CRC data sets, containing 4151 CRC samples. CRC was classified into four subtypes with distinct molecular and biological characteristics: CMS1 (microsatellite instability immune), CMS2 (canonical), CMS3 (metabolic), and CMS4 (mesenchymal). Since their designation in 2015, these classifications have been applied to basic and translational research of CRC, with the hope that understanding these subsets will influence a clinician's approach to therapeutic treatment and improve clinical outcomes. We reviewed CRC investigations in accordance with CMSs published in the last 5 years to further explore the clinical significance of these subtypes and identify underlying trends that may direct relevant future research. We determined that CMSs linked common features of CRC cell lines and PDX models in various studies. Furthermore, associations between prognosis and clinicopathological findings, including pathological grade and the stage of carcinogenesis, tumor budding, and tumor location, were correlated with CMS classification. Novel prognostic factors were identified, and the relationship between chemotherapeutic drug resistance and CMS has been fortified by our compilation of research; thus, indicating that this review provides advanced insight into clinical questions and treatment strategies for CRC.
CO2 process intensification of algae oil extraction to biodiesel
Authors: Yadav Geetanjali , Fabiano Leonard A. , Soh Lindsay , Zimmerman Julie , Sen Ramkrishna , Seider Warren D.
Published: July 2020

Algae‐to‐biodiesel processes are hindered by high costs and low energy return on investment.1,2. Herein, three foci in research improve algae‐to‐biodiesel processes by: (1) reducing high installation and energy costs in the CO2 sequestration, cultivation, and harvesting stages; (2) improving oil extraction and biodiesel generation; and (3) increasing utilization of the proteins in lipid‐extracted biomass (e.g., for animal feed), as well as the omega‐3 fatty acids for nutraceuticals and food supplements. A process is introduced that uses carbon dioxide to aid in all three of these foci. CO2 is used first in the form of microbubbles to lyse algae cell walls, releasing triglyceride oils. CO2 also aids with transesterification of these triglycerides using methanol. At low temperatures (353.15–368.15 K) and intermediate pressures (5–10 MMPa), carbon dioxide causes methanol to dissolve partially in the triglyceride phase and triglyceride to dissolve partially in the methanol phase, increasing the transesterification reaction rate. Due to the nondestructive nature of these processes, other metabolites can also be harvested providing improvements in both mass and economic efficiency with an overall sharp reduction in the modeled price of biodiesel.