bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commentary: Can Automated Blood Culture Systems Be Both New and Improved?
Authors: Buchan Blake W.
Published: April 2022

Automated continuous monitoring blood culture (CMBC) systems are a cornerstone of the clinical microbiology laboratory. Despite the critical role of these systems in diagnosing life-threatening bloodstream infections, their core technologies and performance characteristics have remained largely unchanged since their introduction in the 1990s.
A Faculty-Led, Community-Building Program That Enhances Student-Faculty Connections within Biology
Authors: Schafer Jennifer L. , Guenther Courtney H. , Stovall Daniel B. , Brown LaShardai N. , Glasscock Laura N. , Stern Matthew M.
Published: April 2022

Connections between students and faculty on campus may influence students’ sense of belonging, and a greater sense of belonging has a positive effect on student success. We developed a low-cost, faculty-led program of community-building events and implemented the program in the biology department at a small liberal-arts institution with the goal of improving students’ sense of community.
National Summer Undergraduate Research Project (NSURP): A Virtual Research Experience to Deliver REAL (Retention, Equity, Access, and Life-Changing) Outcomes for Underrepresented Minorities in STEM
Authors: Johnson Michael D. L. , Knox Corey J.
Published: April 2022

Summer undergraduate research experiences (SUREs) provide important onramps to secondary STEM graduate degrees and subsequent careers. Studies demonstrate that these experiences increase the likelihood of students advancing to a graduate-level STEM degree, positively impact STEM identity and confidence, and imbue a sense of professional belonging.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Kibdelosporangium philippinense, Generated by Hybrid Assembly of Short and Long Sequencing Reads
Authors: Fedorov Eugenia A. , Omeragic Medina , Shalygina Kristina F. , Farwell Ashlyn C. , MacLea Kyle S.
Published: April 2022

The glycopeptide antibiotic-producing soil actinobacterium
Kibdelosporangium philippinense
A80407 (=ATCC 49844) was sequenced using Illumina and Nanopore sequencing methodologies, and a hybrid genome assembly was generated for this type strain, with a total predicted genome length of 12,054,556 bp, 10,953 protein-coding sequences, 79 RNAs, 298 pseudogenes, and a G+C content of 65.13%.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus cremoris Strain 7-1, a Lactic Acid Bacterium Isolated from a Traditional Mongolian Milk Product Possessing Mucin-Adhesive Ability
Authors: Sushida Hirotoshi , Sakai Hiroaki , Moriya Naoko , Nakano Kazuma , Ashimine Noriko , Minami Maiko , Tamotsu Hinako , Nakanishi Tetsuhiro , Ohki Shun , Teruya Kuniko , Hirano Takashi , Yamasaki Seishi , Suzuki Chise , Satou Kazuhito , Kimoto-Nira Hiromi
Published: April 2022

We report the complete genome sequence of
Lactococcus cremoris
strain 7-1, which was isolated from urum, a traditional Mongolian milk product. Strain 7-1 adhered to porcine gastric mucin in a carbon source-dependent manner. The genome consists of a circular chromosome (2,557,589 bp; GC content, 35.7%) and two circular plasmids.
Complete Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Podophage Paxi
Authors: Jeon Eunhye , Hudson Alexis , Talcott Andrew , Clark James , Le Tram , Burrowes Ben , Liu Mei
Published: April 2022

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
is a multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections among immunocompromised populations. This report presents the complete 74,962-bp genome of
S. maltophilia
podophage Paxi, an N4-like phage sharing 85.3% nucleotide similarity to
S. maltophilia
podophage Pokken.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Psychrobacillus
sp. Strain INOP01, a Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacterium Isolated from an Agricultural Soil in Germany
Authors: Chiba Akane , Peine Manuela , Kublik Susanne , Baum Christel , Schloter Michael , Schulz Stefanie
Published: April 2022

We report the complete genome sequence of the phosphate-solubilizing bacterium
Psychrobacillus
sp. strain INOP01, isolated from an agricultural field in Rostock, Germany. In addition to its phosphate-solubilizing ability, the genome contains genes coding for proteins involved in phosphate (P) acquisition from various sources.
Complete Genome Sequences of Five Isolated Pseudomonas Strains that Catabolize Pentose Sugars and Aromatic Compounds Obtained from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Park Mee-Rye , Fong Bonnie , Tofaha Taqwa , Simmons Blake A. , Singer Steven
Published: April 2022

We report on complete genome sequences of five
Pseudomonas
soil isolates that are capable of metabolizing pentose sugars and aromatic monomers. These complete genome sequence data provide insight into possible alternative hosts for the production of biofuels and bio-based chemicals from lignocellulosic feedstock.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Marine Bioluminescent Bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri ATCC 7744
Authors: Low Eric Kat Jun , Goh Amos Eng Liang , Logis Joko , Lee Siew Wei , Fatima Ayesha , Yap Wai Sum , Lim Crystale Siew Ying
Published: April 2022

The Gram-negative marine bioluminescent bacterium
Aliivibrio fischeri
is commonly used as a bioreporter in drug inhibition studies. Its bioluminescence is regulated by the gene expression of the
luxI-luxR
quorum-sensing system. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
A. fischeri
ATCC 7744, including identification of the putative
lux
operon.
Comparison of Zinc Concentrations in the Broth of Commercial Automated Susceptibility Testing Devices (Vitek 2, MicroScan, BD Phoenix, and Sensititre)
Authors: Asempa Tomefa E. , Gill Christian M. , Chibabhai Vindana , Nicolau David P.
Published: April 2022

Growing data on the impact of extracellular zinc concentration on metallo-β-lactamase-mediated resistance has shed light on the importance of susceptibility testing media. However, there are no studies documenting the amount of zinc in commonly utilized automated susceptibility testing (AST) platforms.
Investigation of the Ecological Link between Recurrent Microbial Human Gut Communities and Physical Activity
Authors: Tarracchini Chiara , Fontana Federico , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Mancabelli Leonardo , Alessandri Giulia , Turroni Francesca , Ventura Marco , Milani Christian
Published: April 2022

Through metagenomic analyses, this work revealed that athletes have a gut-associated microbial community enriched in butyrate-producing species compared with non-athletes. This evidence can support the existence of a two-way association between the host’s lifestyle and the gut microbiota composition, with potential intriguing athletic performance outcomes.
Genomic Insights into Achromobacter mucicolens
IA
Antibiotic Resistance
Authors: Al-Asadi Sura Ali , Al-Kahachi Rusul Emaduldeen S. , Alwattar Wifaq M. Ali , Bootwala Jamila , Sabbah Majeed Arsheed
Published: April 2022

Achromobacter
species are well-known opportunistic human pathogens that can be found in water and soil and most commonly in hospital settings. They thrive in immunocompromised individuals, producing sporadic cases of pneumonia, septicemia, peritonitis, urinary tract infections, and other illnesses.
Achromobacter
strains are inherently resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, making them difficult to treat promptly.
Potential Role of the Host-Derived Cell-Wall Binding Domain of Endolysin CD16/50L as a Molecular Anchor in Preservation of Uninfected Clostridioides difficile for New Rounds of Phage Infection
Authors: Phothichaisri Wichuda , Chankhamhaengdecha Surang , Janvilisri Tavan , Nuadthaisong Jirayu , Phetruen Tanaporn , Fagan Robert P. , Chanarat Sittinan
Published: April 2022

Endolysin is a peptidoglycan hydrolase encoded in a phage genome. The enzyme is attractive due to its potential use as antibacterial treatment.
Reference-Grade Genome and Large Linear Plasmid of Streptomyces rimosus: Pushing the Limits of Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Slemc Lucija , Jakše Jernej , Filisetti Alessandro , Baranasic Damir , Rodríguez-García Antonio , Del Carratore Francesco , Marino Stefano Maria , Zucko Jurica , Starcevic Antonio , Šala Martin , Pérez-Bonilla Mercedes , Sánchez-Hidalgo Marina , González Ignacio , Reyes Fernando , Genilloud Olga , Springthorpe Vicki , Goranovič Dušan , Kosec Gregor , Thomas Gavin H. , Lucrezia Davide De , Petković Hrvoje , Tome Miha
Published: April 2022

The genomes of
Streptomyces
species are difficult to assemble due to long repeats, extrachromosomal elements (giant linear plasmids [GLPs]), rearrangements, and high GC content. To improve the quality of the
S. rimosus
ATCC 10970 genome, producer of oxytetracycline, we validated the assembly of GLPs by applying a new approach to combine pulsed-field gel electrophoresis separation and GLP isolation and sequenced the isolated GLP with Oxford Nanopore technology.
Efficacy and Safety of Ceftazidime-Avibactam for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant
Enterobacterales
Bloodstream Infection: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Yan , Huang Hui-Bin , Peng Jin-Min , Weng Li , Du Bin
Published: April 2022

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) has been used as a frontline agent in the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the efficacy and safety of CAZ-AVI on carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacterales
(CRE) bloodstream infections (BSIs) remain unclear.
Cryptococcal meningitis due toCryptococcus gattiiin an immunocompetent patient: uncommon presentation of a thunderclap headache
Authors: Garcia-Villa Marcela , Gonzalez-Lara Arturo , Rodriguez-Leyva Ildefonso
Published: April 2022

Thunderclap headache is a medical emergency presented as the worst headache ever, is characterised by an abrupt onset and maximal intensity within seconds to minutes. However, cerebrovascular causes are among the most common causes of thunderclap headache, and other non-vascular life-threatening aetiologies should be considered in evaluating a patient. We describe a 23-year-old previously healthy Latino woman who presented to our hospital after a month of repetitive severe, abrupt-onset headaches. Her prior medical history was unremarkable. After a normal brain MRI with angio-MRI, a lumbar puncture was performed with normal opening pressure, hypoglycorrhachia, increased proteins and a leucocyte; India ink staining was positive for encapsulated yeast, cultures were positive forCryptococcus gattii. The patient received appropriate antifungal treatment with a good response. This case highlights the particular presentation of cryptococcal meningitis due toC. gattiiamong immunocompetent patients.
Infectious eccrine hidradenitis: sweat glands as the portal of entry for cellulitis
Authors: Truong Kelvin , Chan Linda , Kim Jennifer , Fernández-Peñas Pablo
Published: April 2022

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis involving the eccrine glands. It is commonly associated with haematological malignancy and administration of chemotherapy. An infective aetiology for NEH is termed infectious eccrine hidradenitis (IEH). Pathogens that have been associated with IEH include Nocardia, Serratia, Enterobacter sp.,Staphylococcus aureusandMycobacterium chelonae. We describe a case of IEH in a patient with prolonged use of a compression sleeve for their upper limb lymphoedema. The histopathological findings of NEH and IEH are almost identical. Skin tissue culture and rapid clinical improvement with antibiotic therapy are keys in delineating the two subtypes.
The economic burden of dementia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review
Authors: Mattap Siti Maisarah , Mohan Devi , McGrattan Andrea Mary , Allotey Pascale , Stephan Blossom CM , Reidpath Daniel D , Siervo Mario , Robinson Louise , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn
Published: April 2022

Introduction

More than two-thirds of people with dementia live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in a significant economic burden in these settings. In this systematic review, we consolidate the existing evidence on the cost of dementia in LMICs.

Methods

Six databases were searched for original research reporting on the costs associated with all-cause dementia or its subtypes in LMICs. The national-level dementia costs inflated to 2019 were expressed as percentages of each country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and summarised as the total mean percentage of GDP. The risk of bias of studies was assessed using the Larg and Moss method.

Results

We identified 14 095 articles, of which 24 studies met the eligibility criteria. Most studies had a low risk of bias. Of the 138 LMICs, data were available from 122 countries. The total annual absolute per capita cost ranged from US$590.78 for mild dementia to US$25 510.66 for severe dementia. Costs increased with the severity of dementia and the number of comorbidities. The estimated annual total national costs of dementia ranged from US$1.04 million in Vanuatu to US$195 billion in China. The average total national expenditure on dementia estimated as a proportion of GDP in LMICs was 0.45%. Indirect costs, on average, accounted for 58% of the total cost of dementia, while direct costs contributed 42%. Lack of nationally representative samples, variation in cost components, and quantification of indirect cost were the major methodological challenges identified in the existing studies.

Conclusion

The estimated costs of dementia in LMICs are lower than in high-income countries. Indirect costs contribute the most to the LMIC cost. Early detection of dementia and management of comorbidities is essential for reducing costs. The current costs are likely to be an underestimation due to limited dementia costing studies conducted in LMICs, especially in countries defined as low- income.

PROSPERO registration number

The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database with registration number CRD42020191321.
Effectiveness and feasibility of We12BFit!: improving physical fitness and lifestyle physical activity in children with developmental coordination disorder in a paediatric rehabilitation setting–a small sample field study
Authors: Braaksma Petra , Stuive Ilse , Jelsma Dorothee , Van der Sluis Corry K , Dekker Rienk , Schoemaker Marina M
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To examine the effectiveness and feasibility of We12BFit!, a family-focused intervention aimed at increasing physical fitness (PF) and motivation for physical activity (PA) in 7-year-old to 12-year-old children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD).

Design

A single-arm mixed methods small sample field study.

Setting

Rehabilitation centres and schools for special education in The Netherlands.

Participants

Twenty children with DCD diagnosis.

Interventions

We12BFit! consists of We12BFit!-PF and We12BFit!-Lifestyle PA. During We12BFit!-PF, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength and anaerobic power were trained in small groups (10 weeks 2*60 min/week). We12Bfit!-Lifestyle PA, which addresses motivation for PA in children and parents, was added in week 6 of We12BFit!-PF and ended 12 weeks after We12BFit!-PF.

Outcome measures

The 20-Metre Shuttle Run Test (20mSRT), Muscle Power Sprint Test and Hand Held Dynamometry were performed before and after We12BFit!-PF and after We12BFit!-Lifestyle PA (T0–T1–T2). Parents and coaches were interviewed and trainers participated in a focus group to assess motivation for PA, perceived effectiveness, and feasibility of the intervention.

Results

Attendance rates of participants were 88% (We12BFit!-PF) and 89% (We12BFit!-Lifestyle PA). From T0 to T1, significant improvements were found in VO2peak, number of runs on the 20mSRT and mean anaerobic power. From T1 to T2, improvements were maintained. No changes were found after We12BFit!-Lifestyle PA in time spent on moderate to vigorous activity and metabolic equivalent of task; parents observed their child improved in qualitative aspects of activities and participation. Feasibility of We12Bfit! was confirmed, although some adaptations were recommended.

Conclusions

We12BFit! resulted in significant improvements and maintenance of CRF and anaerobic power in a small group of children with DCD and seemed to improve motivation for PA. The group aspect of We12BFit!-PF, the high intensity and positive motivational climate of We12BFit!-PF may have improved children’s self-efficacy. We12BFit! seems feasible to improve PF and PA in children with DCD.

Trial registration number

NTR6334.
Cultural adaptation of meaning-centered psychotherapy for latino families: a protocol
Authors: Torres Blasco Normarie , Costas Muñiz Rosario , Zamore Carolina , Porter Laura , Claros Maria , Bernal Guillermo , Shen Megan Johnson , Breitbart William , Castro EM
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Literature suggests couple-based interventions that target quality of life and communication can lead to positive outcomes for patients with cancer and their partners. Nevertheless, to date, an intervention to address the needs of Latino families coping with advanced cancer has not been developed. Meta-analytic evidence suggests that culturally adapted evidenced-based intervention targeting a specific cultural group is four times more effective. Our goal is to culturally adapt a novel psychosocial intervention protocol entitled‘Caregivers-PatientsSupport to Latinx coping advanced-cancer’ (CASA). We hypothesised that combine two evidence-based interventions and adapting them, we will sustain a sense of meaning and improving communication as patients approach the end of life among the patient–caregiver dyad.

Methods and analysis

To culturally adapt CASA, we will follow an innovative hybrid research framework that combines elements of an efficacy model and best practices from the ecological validity model, adaptation process model and intervention mapping. As a first step, we adapt a novel psychosocial intervention protocol entitled protocol entitled‘Caregivers-PatientsSupport to Latinx coping advanced-cancer’ (CASA). The initial CASA protocol integrates two empirically based interventions, meaning-centred psychotherapy and couple communication skills training. This is an exploratory and prepilot study, and it is not necessary for a size calculation. However, based on recommendations for exploratory studies of this nature, a priori size of 114 is selected. We will receive CASA protocol feedback (phase 1b: refine) by conducting 114 questionnaires and 15 semistructured interviews with patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. The primary outcomes of this study will be identifying the foundational information needed to further the develop the CASA (phase IIa: proof-of-concept and phase IIb: pilot study).

Ethics and dissemination

The Institutional Review Board of Ponce Research Institute approved the study protocol #1907017527A002. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.
Platelet transmission electron microscopy for the assessment of poor biological response to antiplatelet agent: pilot descriptive and prospective study - ELECTROSTROKE
Authors: Mallouk Nora , Garcin Arnauld , Li Guorong , Epinat Magali , Szczepaniak Claire , Hien Ollo Franck , Mismetti Patrick , Garnier Pierre
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Ischaemic stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Thus, a strategy based on an efficient antiplatelet therapy has been developed. The monitoring of antiplatelet therapy is now limited to high risk and poor prognosis patients. Indeed, the biological monitoring of the antiplatelet therapy with available platelet function assays do not provide a global integrative approach. Platelet transmission electron microscopy, recently validated for assessing distinct ultrastructural abnormalities is a reliable morphological platelet structural analysis tool which could be used to collect all the ultrastructural platelet characteristics and assess the degree of activation of platelets.

Methods and analysis

Our pilot prospective and descriptive study will include 50 consecutive patients hospitalized for an ischaemic stroke. We expect to identify ultrastructural characteristics that will be correlated with the degree of platelet activation to guide clinicians in decision making regarding the antiplatelet therapy strategy.

Ethics and dissemination

The French Ethics Committee (comité de protection des personnes d’Ile-de-France VII) approved the information notice that will be given to participants and the protocol of this trial (protocol No 21-031).

The results of the trial will be disseminated through scientific publications.

Trial registration number

NCT05004233.
Efficacy of dezocine on preventing opioid-induced cough during general anaesthesia induction: a PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Li-Xian , Yao Yun-Tai , Shao Ken , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Ma Jie
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To systematically review the effects of dezocine (DZC) on the occurrence rate and severity of opioid-induced cough (OIC).

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis

Data sources

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid, Web of Science as well as Chinese BioMedical Literature & Retrieval System, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang and VIP Data were searched from 1978 to 31 December 2020.

Inclusion criteria

All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DZC with placebo on the occurrence rate and severity of OIC.

Data analysis

All data were analysed by using RevMan V.5.3. Each outcome was tested for heterogeneity, and randomised-effects or fixed-effects model was used in the presence or absence of significant heterogeneity.

Results

Our search yielded 33 RCTs including 4442 patients, and 2521 patients were allocated into the DZC group and 1921 into the control group. Fentanyl was administrated in 1880 patients and sufentanil in 2562 patients during the induction of general anaesthesia. The meta-analysis demonstrated that DZC significantly reduced the occurrence rate of OIC induced by either fentanyl (8.8% vs 49.7%, OR=0.07, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.12, p<0.00001) or sufentanil (5.0% vs 41.5%, OR=0.07, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.12, p<0.00001). The meta-analysis also indicated that the occurrence rate of mild, moderate and severe OIC in the DZC group was remarkably lower than that of the control group (mild: 3.6% vs 13.6%, OR=0.19, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.25, p<0.00001; moderate: 2.0% vs 13.6%, OR=0.12, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.18, p<0.00001; severe: 1.0% vs 13.9%, OR=0.08, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.12, p<0.00001). Additionally, the current meta-analysis indicated that DZC pretreatment was not associated with increased occurrence rate of adverse effects (7.0% vs 4.2%, OR=2.34, 95% CI 0.60 to 9.14, p=0.22) except for dizziness (11.8% vs 0%, OR=8.06, 95% CI 1.40 to 46.35, p=0.02).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis demonstrated that DZC significantly inhibited OIC and may be used to manage OIC. More high-quality RCTs are needed to complement the safety of DZC.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42019141255.
ABCD criteria to improve visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage in HPV-positive women: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Petignat Patrick , Kenfack Bruno , Wisniak Ania , Saiji Essia , Tille Jean-Christophe , Tsuala Fouogue Jovanny , Catarino Rosa , Tincho Eveline , Vassilakos Pierre
Published: April 2022

Objectives

A simple system for visual inspection with acetic acid assessment, named ABCD criteria, has been developed to increase accuracy for triaging of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive women. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of ABCD criteria for the detection of histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse (CIN2+) in HPV-positive women living in a low-resource setting.

Design

Prospective study of diagnostic accuracy.

Setting

Cervical cancer screening programme based on a 3T-Approach (test, triage and treat) in the Health District of Dschang, West Cameroon.

Participants

Asymptomatic non-pregnant women aged 30–49 years were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria included history of CIN treatment, anogenital cancer or hysterectomy. A total of 1980 women were recruited (median age, 40 years; IQR 35–45 years), of whom 361 (18.4%) were HPV-positive and 340 (94.2%) completed the trial.

Interventions

HPV-positive women underwent a pelvic examination for visual assessment of the cervix according to ABCD criteria. The criteria comprised A for acetowhiteness, B for bleeding, C for colouring and D for diameter. The ABCD criteria results were codified as positive or negative and compared with histological analysis findings (reference standards).

Primary outcome measure

Diagnostic performance of ABCD criteria for CIN2+, defined as sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values.

Results

ABCD criteria had a sensitivity of 77.5% (95% CI 61.3% to 88.2%), specificity of 42.0% (95% CI 36.5% to 47.7%), positive predictive value of 15.1% (95% CI 10.8% to 20.8%), and negative predictive value of 93.3% (95% CI 87.6% to 96.5%) for detection of CIN2 +lesions. Most (86.7%) of the ABCD-positive women were treated on the same day.

Conclusions

ABCD criteria can be used in the context of a single-visit approach and may be the preferred triage method for management of HPV-positive women in a low-income context.

Trial registration number

NCT03757299.
Working from home in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional results from the Employees Working From Home (EWFH) study
Authors: Oakman Jodi , Kinsman Natasha , Lambert Katrina , Stuckey Rwth , Graham Melissa , Weale Victoria
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To investigate the impacts, on mental and physical health, of a mandatory shift to working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

Cross sectional, online survey.

Setting

Online survey was conducted from September 2020 to November 2020 in the general population.

Participants

Australian residents working from home for at least 2 days a week at some time in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main outcome measures

Demographics, caring responsibilities, working from home arrangements, work-related technology, work–family interface, psychosocial and physical working conditions, and reported stress and musculoskeletal pain.

Results

924 Australians responded to the online questionnaire. Respondents were mostly women (75.5%) based in Victoria (83.7%) and employed in the education and training and healthcare sectors. Approximately 70% of respondents worked five or more days from home, with only 60% having a dedicated workstation in an uninterrupted space. Over 70% of all respondents reported experiencing musculoskeletal pain or discomfort. Gendered differences were observed; men reported higher levels of family to work conflict (3.16±1.52 to 2.94±1.59, p=0.031), and lower levels of recognition for their work (3.75±1.03 to 3.96±1.06, p=0.004), compared with women. For women, stress (2.94±0.92 to 2.66±0.88, p<0.001) and neck/shoulder pain (4.50±2.90 to 3.51±2.84, p<0.001) were higher than men and they also reported more concerns about their job security than men (3.01±1.33 to 2.78±1.40, p=0.043).

Conclusions

Preliminary evidence from the current study suggests that working from home may impact employees’ physical and mental health, and that this impact is likely to be gendered. Although further analysis is required, these data provide insights into further research opportunities needed to assist employers in optimising working from home conditions and reduce the potential negative physical and mental health impacts on their employees.
Assessing barriers, opportunities and future directions in health information sharing in humanitarian contexts: a mixed-method study
Authors: Nair Shuait , Attal-Juncqua Aurelia , Reddy Aashna , Sorrell Erin M , Standley Claire J
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Health information sharing continues to play a crucial yet underappreciated role in humanitarian settings, to guide evidence-based disease prevention, detection and response. We conducted a mixed-methods study to investigate and analyse existing approaches and practices to health information sharing across humanitarian settings over the past 20 years.

Setting

We sought to identify studies from any self-described humanitarian setting worldwide, and also targeted experts familiar with refugee settings, specifically long-term camps in Kenya, Jordan and Bangladesh, for key informant interviews.

Participants

The systematic review did not directly involve participants. The identified reports were largely retrospective and observational, and focused on populations affected by humanitarian crises worldwide. Participants in the key informant interviews were experts with either broad geographical expertise or direct experience in refugee camp settings.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Our study was qualitative, and both the systematic review and analysis of key informant interview responses focused on identifying themes related to barriers, tools and recommendations used between stakeholders to share health information, with a particular emphasis on infectious disease and surveillance data.

Results

We identified logistical challenges, difficulties with data collection and a lack of health information sharing frameworks as the most significant barriers to health information sharing. The most important tools to health information sharing included the use of third-party technologies for data collection and standardisation, formalised health information sharing frameworks, establishment of multilevel coordination mechanisms and leadership initiatives which prioritised the sharing of health information.

Conclusions

We conclude that health information sharing can be strengthened in humanitarian settings with improvements to existing frameworks, coordination and leadership tools, in addition to promotion of health information communication. Furthermore, specific recommendations for improving health information sharing should be pursued according to the nature of the humanitarian setting and the efficacy of the health system present.
Decongestive progressive resistance exercise with an adjustable compression wrap for breast cancer-related lymphoedema (DREAM): protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Al Onazi Mona M , Campbell Kristin L , Thompson Richard B , Ghosh Sunita , Mackey John R , Muir Anne , McNeely Margaret L
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a chronic swelling in the arm on the side of the breast cancer surgery, affecting one in five women. Recent studies in BCRL have demonstrated that resistance exercise can improve symptoms and quality of life without worsening lymphoedema. No studies have explored whether combining the principles of progressive resistance exercise training with therapeutic strategies of compression therapy and the decongestive lymphatic exercise sequence are beneficial in reducing arm lymphoedema volume. The aim of this three-arm, provincial randomised controlled trial is to determine the efficacy of a 12-week decongestive progressive resistance exercise (DRE) programme in combination with the one of two types of compression garments compared with standard care.

Methods and analysis

Sixty women with BCRL will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: (1) Standard care, (2) DRE with use of a daytime compression garment during exercise and (3) DRE with use of an adjustable compression wrap during exercise. The primary outcome is the percentage reduction in arm lymphoedema volume. Secondary outcomes include bioimpedance analysis, muscular strength, shoulder range of motion, physical activity level and health-related quality of life. Exploratory outcomes include evaluating changes in arm tissue composition using MRI and examining outcomes between the two DRE experimental groups. The primary analysis will compare changes between the groups from baseline to week 12 reflecting the end of the randomised control trial period.

Ethics and dissemination

The trial has received ethics approval from the Health Research Ethics Board of Alberta: Cancer Committee. The study results will be disseminated through scientific peer-reviewed publications, and presented at national and international conferences, and other media portals. The programme protocol will be shared with healthcare professionals and patient groups through clinical workshops and webinars.

Trial registration number

NCT05022823.

Protocol version

12 November 2021.

Issue date

26 April 2021.
Models of care for low back pain patients in primary healthcare: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Duarte Susana Tinoco , Nunes Carla , Costa Daniela , Donato Helena , Cruz Eduardo B
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Low back pain (LBP) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition worldwide and it is responsible for high healthcare costs and resources consumption. It represents a challenge for primary care services that struggle to implement evidence-based practice. Models of care (MoCs) are arising as effective solutions to overcome this problem, leading to better health outcomes. Although there is growing evidence regarding MoCs for the management of LBP patients, an analysis of the existing body of evidence has not yet been carried out. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify and map the current evidence about the implementation of MoCs for LBP in primary healthcare. Findings from this study will inform policy makers, health professionals and researchers about their characteristics and outcomes, guiding future research and best practice models.

Methods and analysis

This protocol will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidelines for scoping reviews. Studies that implemented an MoC for LBP patients in primary healthcare will be included. Searches will be conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro, Scopus, Web of Science, grey literature databases and relevant organisations websites. This review will consider records from 2000, written in English, Portuguese or Spanish. Two researchers will independently screen all citations and full-text articles and abstract data. Data extracted will include the identification of the MoC, key elements of the intervention, organisational components, context-specific factors and patient-related, system-related and implementation-related outcomes.

Ethics and dissemination

As a secondary analysis, this study does not require ethical approval. It will provide a comprehensive understanding on existing MoCs for LBP, outcomes and context-related challenges that may influence implementation in primary healthcare, which is meaningful knowledge to inform future research in this field. Findings will be disseminated through research papers in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at relevant conferences and documentation for professional organisations and stakeholders.
Three-dimensional QCA-based vessel fractional flow reserve (vFFR) in Heart Team decision-making: a multicentre, retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Tomaniak Mariusz , Masdjedi Kaneshka , Neleman Tara , Kucuk Ibrahim T , Vermaire Alise , van Zandvoort Laurens J C , Van Boven Nick , van Dalen Bas M , Soei Loe Kie , den Dekker Wijnand K , Kardys Isabella , Wilschut Jeroen M , Diletti Roberto , Zijlstra Felix , Van Mieghem Nicolas M , Daemen Joost
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility of three-vessel three-dimensional (3D) quantitative coronary angiography (QCA)-based fractional flow reserve (FFR) computation in patients discussed within the Heart Team in whom the treatment decision was based on angiography alone, and to evaluate the concordance between 3D QCA-based vessel FFR (vFFR)-confirmed functional lesion significance and revascularisation strategy as proposed by the Heart Team.

Design

Retrospective, cohort.

Setting

3D QCA-based FFR indices have not yet been evaluated in the context of Heart Team decision-making; consecutive patients from six institutions were screened for eligibility and three-vessel vFFR was computed by blinded analysts.

Participants

Consecutive patients with chronic coronary syndrome or unstable angina referred for Heart Team consultation. Exclusion criteria involved: presentation with acute myocardial infarction (MI), significant valve disease, left ventricle ejection fraction <30%, inadequate quality of angiogram precluding vFFR computation in all three epicardial coronary arteries (ie, absence of a minimum of two angiographic projections with views of at least 30° apart, substantial foreshortening/overlap of the vessel, poor contrast medium injection, ostial lesions, chronic total occlusions).

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Discordance between vFFR-confirmed lesion significance and revascularisation was assessed as the primary outcome measure. Rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as cardiac death, MI and clinically driven revascularisation were reported.

Results

Of a total of 1003 patients were screened for eligibility, 416 patients (age 65.6±10.6, 71.2% male, 53% stable angina) were included. The most important reason for screening failure was insufficient quality of the angiogram (43%). Discordance between vFFR confirmed lesion significance and revascularisation was found in 124/416 patients (29.8%) corresponding to 149 vessels (46/149 vessels (30.9%) were reclassified as significant and 103/149 vessels (69.1%) as non-significant by vFFR). Over a median of 962 days, the cumulative incidence of MACE was 29.7% versus 18.5% in discordant versus concordant patients (p=0.031).

Conclusions

vFFR computation is feasible in around 40% of the patients referred for Heart Team discussion, a limitation that is mostly based on insufficient quality of the angiogram. Three vessel vFFR screening indicated discordance between vFFR confirmed lesion significance and revascularisation in 29.8% of the patients.
Impact of the hospitalist system on inpatient mortality and length of hospital stay in a teaching hospital in Japan: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kurihara Masaru , Kamata Kazuhiro , Tokuda Yasuharu
Published: April 2022

Objective

To examine the differences in the quality of care among inpatients before and after the introduction of the hospitalist system.

Design

A retrospective observational study.

Setting

A community teaching hospital in Japan.

Participants

The inpatients admitted between the preintervention (January–December 2018) and 1-year intervention (January–December 2019) periods. There were 8508 and 8788 inpatients in 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Interventions

The study compared the lengths of hospital stay and mortality among inpatients between the pre-and post-intervention (2018 and 2019) periods concerning the introduction of a hospital medicine department.

Outcome measures

The primary objective was to evaluate and compare the in-hospital mortality and the length of stay (LOS) between 2018 and 2019. The secondary objective was to identify the characteristics of hospitalists and non-hospitalists in the system.

Results

The LOS was significantly reduced after the introduction of the hospital medicine department (adjusted difference, –0.659 days; 95% CI –1.118 to –0.136, p=0.01). There were no differences in the adjusted mortalities between the two periods.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first involving a teaching hospital in Japan to reveal that the hospitalist system had a positive effect on the efficiency of inpatient care by shortening the LOS. Further studies are needed to clarify other benefits related to the introduction of the hospital medicine department in Japan.
Foot and ankle Osteoarthritis and Cognitive impairment in retired UK Soccer players (FOCUS): protocol for a cross-sectional comparative study with general population controls
Authors: Espahbodi Shima , Fernandes Gwen , Hogervorst Eef , Thanoon Ahmed , Batt Mark , Fuller Colin W , Fuller Gordon , Ferguson Eamonn , Bast Tobias , Doherty Michael , Zhang Weiya
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Professional footballers commonly experience sports-related injury and repetitive microtrauma to the foot and ankle, placing them at risk of subsequent chronic pain and osteoarthritis (OA) of the foot and ankle. Similarly, repeated heading of the ball, head/neck injuries and concussion have been implicated in later development of neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. A recent retrospective study found that death from neurodegenerative diseases was higher among former professional soccer players compared with age matched controls. However, well-designed lifetime studies are still needed to provide evidence regarding the prevalence of these conditions and their associated risk factors in retired professional football players compared with the general male population.

Objectives

To determine whether former professional male footballers have a higher prevalence than the general male population of: (1) foot/ankle pain and radiographic OA; and (2) cognitive and motor impairments associated with dementia and Parkinson’s disease. Secondary objectives are to identify specific football-related risk factors such as head impact/concussion for neurodegenerative conditions and foot/ankle injuries for chronic foot/ankle pain and OA.

Methods and analysis

This is a cross-sectional, comparative study involving a questionnaire survey with subsamples of responders being assessed for cognitive function by telephone assessment, and foot/ankle OA by radiographic examination. A sample of 900 adult, male, ex professional footballers will be recruited and compared with a control group of 1100 age-matched general population men between 40 and 100 years old. Prevalence will be estimated per group. Poisson regression will be performed to determine prevalence ratio between the populations and logistic regression will be used to examine risk factors associated with each condition in footballers.

Ethics and dissemination

This study was approved by the East Midlands-Leicester Central Research Ethics Committee on 23 January 2020 (REC ref: 19/EM/0354). The study results will be disseminated at national and international meetings and submitted for peer-review publication.
Safeguarding adolescent mental health in India (SAMA): study protocol for codesign and feasibility study of a school systems intervention targeting adolescent anxiety and depression in India
Authors: Hugh-Jones Siobhan , Janardhana N , Al-Janabi Hareth , Bhola Poornima , Cooke Paul , Fazel Mina , Hudson Kristian , Khandeparkar Prachi , Mirzoev Tolib , Venkataraman Surendran , West Robert M , Mallikarjun Pavan
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Indian adolescents are common. Schools can be opportune sites for delivery of mental health interventions. India, however, is without a evidence-based and integrated whole-school mental health approach. This article describes the study design for the safeguarding adolescent mental health in India (SAMA) project. The aim of SAMA is to codesign and feasibility test a suite of multicomponent interventions for mental health across the intersecting systems of adolescents, schools, families and their local communities in India.

Methods and analysis

Our project will codesign and feasibility test four interventions to run in parallel in eight schools (three assigned to waitlist) in Bengaluru and Kolar in Karnataka, India. The primary aim is to reduce the prevalence of adolescent anxiety and depression. Codesign of interventions will build on existing evidence and resources. Interventions for adolescents at school will be universal, incorporating curriculum and social components. Interventions for parents and teachers will target mental health literacy, and also for teachers, training in positive behaviour practices. Intervention in the school community will target school climate to improve student mental health literacy and care. Intervention for the wider community will be via adolescent-led films and social media. We will generate intervention cost estimates, test outcome measures and identify pathways to increase policy action on the evidence.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been granted by the National Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences Research Ethics Committee (NIMHANS/26th IEC (Behv Sc Div/2020/2021)) and the University of Leeds School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee (PSYC-221). Certain data will be available on a data sharing site. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and conferences.
Estimation of sleep problems among pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alimoradi Zainab , Abdi Fatemeh , Gozal David , Pakpour Amir H
Published: April 2022

Objective

To estimate the sleep problems among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Eligibility criteria

English, peer-reviewed, observational studies published between December 2019 and July 2021 which assessed and reported sleep problem prevalence using a valid and reliable measure were included.

Information sources

Scopus, Medline/PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge and Embase.

Risk of bias assessment tool

The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.

Synthesis of results

Prevalence of sleep problems was synthesised using STATA software V.14 using a random effects model. To assess moderator analysis, meta-regression was carried out. Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. Meta-trim was used to correct probable publication bias. The jackknife method was used for sensitivity analysis.

Included studies

A total of seven cross-sectional studies with 2808 participants from four countries were included.

Synthesis of results

The pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems was 56% (95% CI 23% to 88%, I2=99.81%, Tau2=0.19). Due to the probability of publication bias, the fill-and-trim method was used to correct the estimated pooled measure, which imputed four studies. The corrected results based on this method showed that pooled prevalence of sleep problems was 13% (95% CI 0% to 45%; p<0.001). Based on meta-regression, age was the only significant predictor of prevalence of sleep problems among pregnant women.

Limitations of evidence

All studies were cross-sectional absence of assessment of sleep problems prior to COVID-19, and the outcomes of the pregnancies among those with and without sleep problems in a consistent manner are among the limitation of the current review.

Interpretation

Pregnant women have experienced significant declines in sleep quality when faced with the COVID-19 pandemic. The short-term and long-term implications of such alterations in sleep on gestational and offspring outcomes are unclear and warrant further studies.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020181644.