bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freshwater transport between the Kara, Laptev, and East-Siberian seas
Authors: Osadchiev A. A. , Pisareva M. N. , Spivak E. A. , Shchuka S. A. , Semiletov I. P.
Published: August 2020

The Kara and Laptev seas receive about one half of total freshwater runoff to the Arctic Ocean from the Ob, Yenisei, and Lena rivers. Discharges of these large rivers form freshened surface water masses over wide areas in these seas. These water masses, i.e., the Ob-Yenisei and Lena river plumes, generate an eastward buoyancy boundary current that accounts for the large-scale zonal freshwater transport along the Siberian part in the Arctic Ocean. In this study we investigate spreading of the Ob-Yenisei plume from the Kara Sea to the Laptev Sea through the Vilkitsky Strait and of the Lena plume from the Laptev Sea to the East-Siberian Sea through the Laptev and Sannikov straits during ice-free season. Large horizontal density gradient between freshened plume water and salty ambient sea water is the main driver of these processes, however, their intensity strongly depends on local wind forcing. The Ob-Yenisei plume is spreading to the Laptev Sea in a narrow alongshore current which is induced by strong and long-term southwesterly winds. Under other wind forcing the plume does not reach the Vilkitsky Strait. The Lena plume is almost constantly spreading to the East-Siberian Sea as a large-scale surface water mass which intensity is governed by eastward Ekman transport and is prone to large synoptic variability.
Facial appearance and metabolic health biomarkers in women
Authors: Żelaźniewicz Agnieszka , Nowak Judyta , Łącka Patrycja , Pawłowski Bogusław
Published: August 2020

Facial appearance has been suggested to provide an honest cue of an individual’s biological condition. However, there is little direct evidence that facial attractiveness reflects actual health. Here we tested if facial appearance is related with metabolic health biomarkers. Face photographs of 161 healthy, young women (Mage = 28.59, SDage = 2.34) were assessed in terms of perceived attractiveness and health. Metabolic health was evaluated based on levels of markers of lipid and glucose metabolism balance, liver functioning, and inflammation. BMI, testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2) levels were controlled. Facial attractiveness, but not health, was negatively related with lipid profile components detrimental to health (total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides) but not with relatively protective for health HDL. When controlled for BMI, E2, and T, only the relationship between attractiveness and triglycerides remained significant. Facial appearance was unrelated with glucose metabolism, liver functioning, and inflammatory markers. The results suggest, that for healthy women of reproductive age, such measures as BMI and sex hormone levels may be better predictors of attractiveness, compared to measures of metabolic health. Markers of lipid, glucose homeostasis, liver functioning or low-grade inflammation may be rather indicators of future health, of lesser importance in mating context, thus only modestly reflected in facial appearance.
Induction of a higher-ordered architecture in glatiramer acetate improves its biological efficiency in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Song Ziyuan , Khaw Yee Ming , Pacheco Lazaro A. , Tseng Kuan-Ying , Tan Zhengzhong , Cai Kaimin , Ponnusamy Ettigounder , Cheng Jianjun , Inoue Makoto
Published: August 2020

The change in the architecture of glatiramer acetate results in an enhanced therapeutic effect to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Correction: Manganese neurotoxicity: nano-oxide compensates for ion-damage in mammals
Authors: Adhikari Aniruddha , Das Monojit , Mondal Susmita , Darbar Soumendra , Das Anjan Kumar , Bhattacharya Siddhartha Sankar , Pal Debasish , Kumar Pal Samir
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Manganese neurotoxicity: nano-oxide compensates for ion-damage in mammals’ by Aniruddha Adhikari et al., Biomater. Sci., 2019, 7, 4491–4502, DOI: 10.1039/C9BM01039D.
Luminescent iridium(iii)–boronic acid complexes for carbohydrate sensing
Authors: Hashemzadeh Tahmineh , Haghighatbin Mohammad A. , Agugiaro Johnny , Wilson David J. D. , Hogan Conor F. , Barnard Peter J.
Published: August 2020

A family of four Ir(iii) complexes with either pyridyl-1,2,4-triazole or pyridyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole ligands bearing boronic acid groups have been prepared as potential luminescent sensors for carbohydrates.
Highly dispersed BiOCl decahedra with a highly exposed (001) facet and exceptional photocatalytic performance
Authors: Bao Liang , Yuan Yong-Jun
Published: August 2020

BiOCl decahedra with octagonal {110} and {100} oblique facets were hydrothermally synthesizedviaa simple hydrothermal method, achieving a high degradability of 98% for RhB after 6 min of irradiation.
Copper oxide nanoparticle dissolution at alkaline pH is controlled by dissolved organic matter: influence of soil-derived organic matter, wheat, bacteria, and nanoparticle coating
Authors: Hortin J. M. , Anderson A. J. , Britt D. W. , Jacobson A. R. , McLean J. E.
Published: August 2020

Dissolved organic carbon concentration from soil management, root exudates, and root-colonizing bacteria is dominant over the effect of pH in determining dissolved Cu concentration from CuO nanoparticles at alkaline pH.
Zinc induced structural changes in the intrinsically disordered BDNF Met prodomain confer synaptic elimination
Authors: Wang Jing , Anastasia Agustin , Bains Henrietta , Giza Joanna I , Clossey David G , Deng Jingjing , Neubert Thomas A , Rice William J , Lee Francis S , Hempstead Barbara L , Bracken Clay
Published: August 2020

Human brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) encodes a protein product consisting of a C-terminal mature domain (mature BDNF) and an N-terminal prodomain, which is an intrinsically disordered protein. A common single nucleotide polymorphism in humans results in a methionine substitution for valine at position 66 of the prodomain, and is associated with memory deficits, depression and anxiety disorders. The BDNF Met66 prodomain, but not the Val66 prodomain, promotes rapid structural remodeling of hippocampal neurons’ growth cones and dendritic spines by interacting directly with the SorCS2 receptor. While it has been reported that the Met66 and Val66 prodomains exhibit only modest differences in structural propensities in the apo state, here we show that Val66 and Met66 prodomains differentially bind zinc (Zn). Zn2+ binds with higher affinity and more broadly impacts residues on the Met66 prodomain compared to the Val66 prodomain as shown by NMR and ITC. Zn2+ binding to the Met66 and Val66 prodomains results in distinct conformational and macroscopic differences observed by NMR, light scattering and cryoEM. To determine if Zn2+ mediated conformational change in the Met66 prodomain is required for biological effect, we mutated His40, a Zn2+ binding site, and observed a loss of Met66 prodomain bioactivity. As the His40 site is distant from the known region of the prodomain involved in receptor binding, we suggest that Met66 prodomain bioactivity involves His40 mediated stabilization of the multimeric structure. Our results point to the necessity of a Zn2+-mediated higher order molecular assembly of the Met66 prodomain to mediate neuronal remodeling.
A solution-processed ternary copper halide thin films for air-stable and deep-ultraviolet-sensitive photodetector
Authors: Liang Wen-Qing , Li Ying , Ma Jing-Li , Wang Yue , Yan Jing-Jing , Chen Xu , Wu Di , Tian Yong-Tao , Li Xin-Jian , Shi Zhi-Feng
Published: August 2020

An air-stable and deep-ultraviolet-sensitive photodetector was fabricated using a solution-processed ternary copper halide Cs3Cu2I5 thin film as the light absorber.
Synergistic regulation of longitudinal and transverse relaxivity of extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles (ESIONPs) using pH-responsive nanoassemblies
Authors: Cao Yi , He Yilin , Mao Zheng , Kuang Ye , Liu Min , Zhang Ye , Pei Renjun
Published: August 2020

Synergistic regulation of the longitudinal and transverse relaxivity of extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles was systematically investigated to guide the design of responsive contrast agents for the precise tumor diagnosis.
The influence of the interfacial layer on the stability of all-solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yang Lan-Sheng , Meng Hsin-Fei , Chao Yu-Chiang , Huang Hu-Chi , Luo Chih-Wei , Zan Hsiao-Wen , Horng Sheng-Fu , Huang Heh-Lung , Lai Cheng-Chang , Liou Yiing-Mei
Published: August 2020

Devices prepared by various solution-processed interfacial materials are compared with devices with thermal-evaporated CsF.
Versatile vapor phase deposition approach to cesium tin bromide materials CsSnBr3, CsSn2Br5 and Cs2SnBr6
Authors: Bonomi Sara , Patrini Maddalena , Bongiovanni Giovanni , Malavasi Lorenzo
Published: August 2020

We report on the application of RF-magnetron sputtering to deposit, by using a single type of target, three different materials in the form of thin films within the Cs–Sn–Br compositional range, namely, CsSnBr3, CsSn2Br5 and Cs2SnBr6.
Controlling the oxidation state of molybdenum oxide nanoparticles prepared by ionic liquid/metal sputtering to enhance plasmon-induced charge separation
Authors: Akiyoshi Kazutaka , Kameyama Tatsuya , Yamamoto Takahisa , Kuwabata Susumu , Tatsuma Tetsu , Torimoto Tsukasa
Published: August 2020

MoOx NPs, prepared by sputtering Mo metal on a room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) followed by heating in air, produced anodic photocurrents with the excitation of their LSPR peak.
E–Z isomerization of 3-benzylidene-indolin-2-ones using a microfluidic photo-reactor
Authors: Raji Reddy Chada , Ganesh Veeramalla , Singh Ajay K.
Published: August 2020

(E)-3-Benzylidene-indolin-2-ones were efficiently converted to their corresponding (Z) -isomers at low temperature in the presence of light.
New insights into phenazine-based organic redox flow batteries by using high-throughput DFT modelling
Authors: de la Cruz Carlos , Molina Antonio , Patil Nagaraj , Ventosa Edgar , Marcilla Rebeca , Mavrandonakis Andreas
Published: August 2020

DFT calculations reveal interesting structure–property relationships of the redox potentials of phenazines in non-aqueous media.
A multi-shelled CeO2/Co@N-doped hollow carbon microsphere as a trifunctional electrocatalyst for a rechargeable zinc–air battery and overall water splitting
Authors: Yu Yue , Liu Yuqi , Peng Xiaolei , Liu Xianchun , Xing Yan , Xing Shuangxi
Published: August 2020

A multi-shelled hollow carbon microsphere embedded with CeO2/Co nanoparticles as a trifunctional electrocatalyst for a rechargeable zinc–air battery and overall water splitting.
Design and characterisation of vitrimer-like elastomeric composites from HXNBR rubber
Authors: Kaiser Simon , Jandl Julius , Novak Patrick , Schlögl Sandra
Published: August 2020

Vitrimer-like elastomer composites are prepared using epoxy-functionalized filler as crosslinker and their good mechanical properties and stress relaxation is demonstrated.
Peak force visible microscopy
Authors: Wang Haomin , Wang Le , Shang Yuequn , Yazdanparast Tafti Sajedehalsadat , Cao Wenpeng , Ning Zhijun , Zhang X. Frank , Xu Xiaoji G.
Published: August 2020

We developed a new type of visible-range photothermal microscopy for measurement of optical absorption with excellent spatial resolution.
Polymeric hybrid aerogels and their biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Zongjian , Ran Yuanyuan , Xi Jianing , Wang Jin
Published: August 2020

Recent progress in polymeric hybrid aerogels and their biomedical applications have been reviewed.
A micro-patterned electrode/electrolyte interface fabricated by soft-lithography for facile oxygen reduction in solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Lee Channyung , Shin Sung Soo , Choi Jiwoo , Kim Jinhyeon , Son Ji-Won , Choi Mansoo , Shin Hyun Ho
Published: August 2020

The performance of solid oxide fuel cells can be improved by introducing micro-patterns on their electrolyte layer.
Rational valence modulation of bimetallic carbide assisted by defect engineering to enhance polysulfide conversion for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yang Ting , Liu Kunlin , Wu Tianli , Zhang Jizong , Zheng Xuewen , Wang Chengyang , Chen Mingming
Published: August 2020

A valence modulating strategy is approached to enhance the catalytic activity of Ni3ZnC0.7for expediting the conversion of polysulfides.
Development of an antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogel for human dental pulp engineering
Authors: Bekhouche M. , Bolon M. , Charriaud F. , Lamrayah M. , Da Costa D. , Primard C. , Costantini A. , Pasdeloup M. , Gobert S. , Mallein-Gerin F. , Verrier B. , Ducret M. , Farges J.-C.
Published: August 2020

Nanocomposite fibrin-based hydrogel with antibacterial and antibiofilm properties, safe for dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells.
Molecular engineering of dendritic luminogens with thermally activated delayed fluorescence and aggregation-induced emission characteristics for efficient solution-processed non-doped OLEDs
Authors: Ma Fulong , Zhao Xinxin , Ji Hefang , Zhang Dongdong , Hasrat Kamran , Qi Zhengjian
Published: August 2020

Improving the luminescence efficiency and reverse intersystem crossing of dendritic luminogens with AIE and TADF features by employing a highly twisted molecular configuration and multiple transition channels for solution-processed OLEDs.
Efficient chromium ion passivated CsPbCl3:Mn perovskite quantum dots for photon energy conversion in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhou Donglei , Tao Li , Yu Zhongzheng , Jiao Jiannan , Xu Wen
Published: August 2020

The efficient Cr3+ passivated CsPbCl3:Mn2+ perovskite quantum dots were used to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells.
Investigation ofIL-4, IL-10, andHVEMpolymorphisms with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case–control study involving 1929 participants
Authors: Chen Shuchen , Cao Rui , Liu Chao , Tang Weifeng , Kang Mingqiang
Published: August 2020

It is believed that an individual’s hereditary factors may be involved in the development of esophageal cancer (EC). The present study recruited 721 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases and 1208 controls and explored the roles of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, and herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) genes in contributing to ESCC risk. IL-4, IL-10, and HVEM SNPs were analyzed by employing an SNPscan method. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, age and gender, we identified that the rs2070874 T>C locus in IL-4 gene decreased the risk of ESCC (CC vs. TT: P=0.008; CC vs. TT/TC: P=0.010). After a stratified analysis, we suggested that the IL-4 rs2070874 T>C variants might be a protective factor for ESCC in male, ≥63 years old, never smoking, drinking and BMI < 24 kg/m2 subgroups. In addition, we identified that the rs2243263 G>C polymorphism in IL-4 gene was a risk factor for ESCC development in the BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 subgroup (GC vs. GG: P=0.030 and GC/CC vs. GG: P=0.018). We identified an association of the IL-4 rs2070874 T>C SNP with the decreased susceptibility of ESCC in stage I/II subgroup. Finally, we found an association of the IL-10 rs1800872 T>G SNP with a worse differentiation (TG vs. TT: P=0.048 and GG/TG vs. TT: P=0.032). In conclusion, the findings indicate a potential importance of IL-4 rs2070874 T>C, IL-4 rs2243263 G>C and IL-10 rs1800872 T>G SNPs in the development of ESCC.
On the structure and mass delivery towards circumplanetary discs
Authors: Schulik Matthäus , Johansen Anders , Bitsch Bertram , Lega Elena , Lambrechts Michiel
Published: August 2020

Circumplanetary discs (CPDs) that form around young gas giants are thought to be the sites of moon formation as well as an intermediate reservoir of gas that feeds the growth of the gas giant. How the physical properties of such CPDs are affected by the planetary mass and the overall opacity is relatively poorly understood. In order to clarify this, we used the global radiation hydrodynamics code FARGOCA with a grid structure that allows sufficient resolution of the planetary gravitational potential for a CPD to form. We then studied the gas flows and density–temperature structures that emerge as a function of planet mass, opacity, and potential depth. Our results indicate interesting structure formation for Jupiter-mass planets at low opacities, which we subsequently analysed in detail. Using an opacity level that is 100 times lower than that of the dust of the interstellar medium, our Jupiter-mass protoplanet features an envelope that is sufficiently cold for a CPD to form, and a free-fall region separating the CPD and the circumstellar disc that emerges. Interestingly, this free-fall region appears to be the result of supersonic erosion of outer envelope material, as opposed to the static structure formation that one would expect at low opacities. Our analysis reveals that the planetary spiral arms seem to pose a significant pressure barrier that needs to be overcome through radiative cooling in order for gas to be accreted onto the CPD. The circulation inside the CPD is near-Keplerian and is modified by the presence of CPD spiral arms. The same is true when we increase the planetary potential depth, which in turn increases the planetary luminosity, quenches the formation of a free-fall region, and decreases the rotation speed of the envelope by 10%. For high opacities, we recover results from the literature, finding an almost featureless hot envelope. With this work, we demonstrate the first simulation and analysis of a complete detachment process of a protoplanet from its parent disc in a 3D radiation hydrodynamics setting.
New data on the ecological distribution ofEuphorbia resiniferaO.Berg in the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region
Authors: Ettaqy Abderrahim , Taha Abdelhakim , ElGhiouane Aziz , ElKhou Anas , Boulli Abdelaali , Abbas Younes
Published: August 2020

Euphorbia resiniferaO. Berg, also called Euphorbusresin, is a species belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. It is endemic to the Beni Mellal Khenifra region and extends discontinuously between El Ksiba and Demnate. Currently, this plant is known as a meliferous species and its product is considered as a terroir product with a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). However, few studies have conducted on its ecology and particularly its mapping in relation to the environmental conditionswhere it thrives. That’s why in this study, we tried to establish, for the first time in the region of Beni Mellal, a distribution mapping of E.resiniferaaccording to the ecological needs of the plant, the exploration of high-resolution satellite imagery and on the field by observing a representative sample of the study area. Results showed that it spread from Demnate to Elksiba in the Atlas piedmont area but appears as scattered individuals from Demnate to AitOurir due to a complexity of factors mainly related to the soil characteristics, paleogeography and the climate exacerbated by the negative results of anthropogenic impacts. It extends also into the central high Atlas valley as small isolated units which reach 1900 m of altitude. This could explain why other ecological requirements should be considered in terms of the distribution of this endemic species in the context of climate change.
Maturity and spawning of Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias in M’diq Bay, Morocco
Authors: Techetach Mohamed , Achtak Hafid , Rafiq Fatima , Dahbi Abdallah , Ajana Rabia , Saoud Younes
Published: August 2020

Knowledge of reproductive parameters is necessary to understand the ecology, the population dynamics and to enable rational management of fish of economic interest. This work is a contribution to the study of some aspects of the reproductive biology of the Atlantic mackerel Scomber colias (Gmelin, 1789) in the Mediterranean Moroccan coast. The study is based on samples taken from commercial catches in M’diq Bay. The spawning period was determined following both the monthly changes of the gonadosomatic index and the histological maturity stages. The Atlantic chub mackerel spawn between November and March, with maximum activity in December.
Wastewater reuse in agriculture sector: resources management and adaptation in the context of climate change: case study of the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region, Morocco
Authors: Faouzi Elhousna , Arioua Abdelkrim , Karaoui Ismail , Ait Ouhamchich Kamal , Elhamdouni Driss
Published: August 2020

Recent climate change effects worsened water scarcity in Morocco and forced the country to seek alternative water resources such as domestic and industrial wastewater. In this context, we assessed the treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) of the BeniMellal-Khenifra region based on physicochemical and biological parameters. Vegetation cover evolution near WWTPs was also analysed using satellite images (Landsat TM and OLI). Six WWTP were evaluated based on treated water quality and a survey of nearby farmers and residents. Results showed treated wastewater is in line with Moroccan standards, and can be reused for irrigation and aquaculture without harmful effects. The survey pointed to the Boujaad WWTP as a model in the region. The vegetation cover evolution before and after WWTP existence showed an important improvement of cultivated lands. As a conclusion, wastewater reuse will allow the BeniMellal-Khenifra region to secure agricultural irrigation to safeguard freshwater quantities and quality despite climate change.
A decision support model to improve water resources management in agriculture: evaluation of the drip irrigation efficiency in the Ait Ben Yacoub region, East of Morocco
Authors: Elouadi Ihssan , Ouazar Driss , El Youssfi Lahcen
Published: August 2020

Globally, climate change is projected to exacerbate water scarcity and increase the recurrence and intensity of droughts. These circumstances call for methodologies that can support the design of sustainable water management policies. Improved irrigation efficiency has been cited as an important way to adapt to climate change. This paper illustrates the potential of hydro-economic modeling for integrating the multiple dimensions of water resources, becoming a valuable tool in the empowerment of sustainable water management policies. The modelling framework is used also to analyze the impacts of climate change-induced drought on water uses in the Ait Ben Yacoub region (the East of Morocco). The evaluation of the conversion process from flurrow irrigation systems into drip irrigation by using the model showed that this policy has some positive effects on the agricultural gross margin and contributes to slightly moderating the impact of climate change on farmer’s incomes. Moreover, aoptimal efficiency of drip irrigation will inevitably result in a decrease in the volume of infiltrated water and therefore a very likely drawdown of the groundwater level. This result demonstrates the limitation of this policy and the necessity to accompany this irrigation system by measures of improvement of water supply. It concerns rainwater storage basins that should be covered by the polyethylene geo-membrane as example of promising measures.
Design and construction of a continuous impregnation apparatus of woven fibres, using non-meshing double-sinusoidal toothed rollers
Authors: Vasileiou G. , Vakouftsis C. , Rogkas N. , Tsolakis S. , Zalimidis P. , Spitas V.
Published: August 2020

Resin-impregnated fibres are extensively used in a variety of industrial applications as is demonstrated in the literature. Resin-fibre impregnation techniques are used in order to create homogeneous macro – materials and to take full advantage of the mechanical properties of the fibrous reinforcement (i.e. carbon, glass, organic or ceramic fibres). However, achieving highly impregnated fibres is proven quite challenging especially in continuous production techniques that are required for large production rates. The main challenge lies in achieving complete impregnation of the tightly arranged fibres mainly referring to the formed yarns containing multiple fibres, sometimes even twisted. This results in partially impregnated materials containing cavities that tend to exhibit inferior mechanical properties compared to the theoretical calculations, which assume fully impregnated materials. These cavities often lead to crack generation, acting as stress concentration sites, resulting in complete failure of the material at macro-level. In this paper a novel technique for continuous production of fully impregnated woven fibres is presented using non – meshing, co – rotating rollers. A laboratory-scale apparatus is designed and described thoroughly in the context of this work. The method resembles pultrusion in the sense that a reinforcement plain fibre mesh (glass) is co–processed with the liquid resin through a pair of co–rotating toothed rollers to produce a continuously reinforced 3D tape. The surface of the rollers is produced from a double-sinusoidal toothed surface (rack) using the Theory of Gearing in three-dimensions, which imposes significant differential sliding of the fibres without differential tension and facilitates fibre wetting. The geometry of the rollers is calculated not to damage the unprocessed fibres, while facilitating local widespreading of the stranded fibres in the three – dimensional space leading to the resin being able to fully penetrate the reinforcing fibre material.
Remanufacture of rotary tables for heavy duty machine tools
Authors: Prodan Dan , Bucuresteanu Anca , Motomancea Adrian , Ovanisof Alina
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the authors present some of the theoretical and experimental research conducted on the occasion of rotary tables remanufacturing for CNC machine tools belonging to Boring and Milling Machines family. They give the constructive solutions applied on CNC machines and the specific systems of guiding, locking and driving. The authors present also the modifications required when passing from CC variant to CNC variant in terms of locking - indexing systems and hydraulic suspension systems. The paper presents different achievements but insists particularly on the remanufacture of the rotary table with useful area 1700x2000 mm with longitudinal travel of 1000 mm (MRD 1700x2000/1000).
Fatty taste variability in obese subjects: the oral microbiota hypothesis
Authors: Besnard Philippe , Christensen Jeffrey E. , Bernard Arnaud , Collet Xavier , Verges Bruno , Burcelin Rémy
Published: August 2020

Origin of the great inter-individual variability of the fatty taste perception found in obese subjects is challenging. The fact that recent studies suggest interrelations between taste perception and oral microbiota composition, prompt us to explore the putative impact of such a connection in the context of obesity. To check this hypothesis, the oro-sensory perception thresholds of linoleic acid and the composition of oral microbiota surrounding the gustatory circumvallate papillae (CVPs) were analyzed in obese adult men (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 42). A specific microbial signature (higher diversity, pro-inflammatory bacterial profile, lower methanogenesis activity) discriminated subjects with a degraded fatty taste sensitivity (perception threshold ≥ 0.05% LA = Low-LA tasters, n = 22) from high-LA tasters (n = 20). Collectively, these data substantiate the association between the microbial microenvironment surrounding CVPs and the fatty taste sensitivity and provide a plausible explanation about the variability of the fatty taste sensitivity in obesity.
An algorithm for the anchor points of the PPS of the FRH models
Authors: Akbarian Dariush
Published: August 2020

In this paper we deal with a variant of non-convex data envelopment analysis, called free replication hull model and try to obtain their anchor points. This paper uses a variant of super-efficiency model to characterize all extreme efficient decision making units and anchor points of the free replication hull models. A necessary and sufficient conditions for a decision making unit to be anchor point of the production possibility set of the free replication hull models are stated and proved. Since the set of anchor points is a subset of the set of extreme units, a definition of extreme units and a new method for obtaining these units in non-convex technologies are given. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed model, some numerical examples are finally provided.
Cartilage Regeneration with Cell-free Type 1 Collagen Matrix – Past, Present and Future (Part 1 – Clinical Aspects)
Authors: Roessler Philip Peter , Efe Turgay , Wirtz Dieter Christian , Schildberg Frank Alexander
Published: August 2020

Cartilage regeneration with cell-free matrices has developed from matrix-associated autologous cartilage cell transplantation (MACT) over ten years ago. Adjustments to the legal framework and higher hurdles for cell therapy have led to the procedures being established as an independent alternative to MACT. These procedures, which can be classified as matrix-induced autologous cartilage regeneration (MACR), all rely on the chemotactic stimulus of a cross-linked matrix, which mostly consists of collagens. Given the example of a commercially available type I collagen hydrogel, the state of clinical experience with MACR shall be summarized and an outlook on the development of the method shall be provided. It has been demonstrated in the clinical case series summarized here over the past few years that the use of the matrix is not only safe but also yields good clinical-functional and MR-tomographic results for both small (~ 10 mm) and large (> 10 mm) focal cartilage lesions. Depending on the size of the defect, MACR with a collagen type I matrix plays an important role as an alternative treatment method, in direct competition with both: microfracture and MACT.
A Quantitative Anatomic Study of Plate-Screw Fixation of the
Acetabular Posterior Column through a Posterior Approach
Authors: Wang Xianquan
Published: August 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to determine safe paths for screw
placement on the posterior column of the acetabulum.

Methods A total of 25 male hemipelvises were utilized in this study. These
hemipelvises were sectioned, and formed cross-sections A, B, C, D, and E. The
length of the screw and screw posterior column angle of the entry points at
cross-sections B, C, and D were measured.

Results On the margin of the acetabulum, lateral middle 1/4 point,
midpoint, medial middle 1/4 point, and medial margin of the posterior column of
each cross-section, the safe entry angle of inclination is 39, 57, 74, 90, and
106°, respectively, and the length of the screw is 35.5 mm, 33 mm, 32 mm, 31 mm,
and 74 mm, respectively.

Conclusion On the lateral 1/4 region, lateral middle 1/4 region, medial
middle 1/4 region, and medial 1/4 region of the posterior column, the screw
posterior column angle is 40 ~ 60°, 60 ~ 75°, 75 ~ 90°, and 90°~parallel to the
quadrilateral plate, respectively, and the length of the screw is 30 mm.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Spiro-α-methylene-γ-lactams via Chiral Quaternary 3-Aminooxindole Adducts Accessed by Zn-Mediated Allylation of Sulfinyl Ketimines
Authors: Singh Ravi P. , Rao V. U. Bhaskara , Singh Shashank , Tripathi Krishna N.
Published: August 2020

An efficient method for the stereoselective synthesis of α-methylene-γ-lactams via quaternary 3-aminooxindoles with very high selectivity (up to 98% ee) is described. The methodology leads to the construction of sterically congested chiral quaternary 3-aminooxindole adducts in good yield and with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivity (dr up to 95:5). The relative stereochemistry of the chiral quaternary 3-aminooxindoles adduct and the spiro-α-methylene-γ-lactam was confirmed to be syn by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. Furthermore, the α-methylene-γ-lactam was successfully transformed into a range of chiral synthons.
Automated Blood Pressure Control
Authors: Rinehart Joseph , Lee Sean , Saugel Bernd , Joosten Alexandre
Published: August 2020

Arterial pressure management is a crucial task in the operating room and intensive care unit. In high-risk surgical and in critically ill patients, sustained hypotension is managed with continuous infusion of vasopressor agents, which most commonly have direct α agonist activity like phenylephrine or norepinephrine. The current standard of care to guide vasopressor infusion is manual titration to an arterial pressure target range. This approach may be improved by using automated systems that titrate vasopressor infusions to maintain a target pressure. In this article, we review the evidence behind blood pressure management in the operating room and intensive care unit and discuss current and potential future applications of automated blood pressure control.
Aggressive Colorectal Cancer in the Young
Authors: Read Blake , Sylla Patricia
Published: August 2020

Despite the steady decline in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and cancer-related mortality in Americans of 50 years and older over the last few decades, there has been a disturbing trend of steadily rising incidence in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as CRC in those younger than 50 years. With the incidence of EOCRC increasing from 4.8 per 100,000 in 1988 to 8.0 per 100,000 in 2015, and with the decreased rates in those older than 50 years largely attributed to improved screening in the older population, new screening recommendations have recently lowered the age for screening average-risk individuals from 50 to 45. EOCRC has been found to present differently from late-onset CRC, with a higher proportion of patients presenting with left-sided and rectal cancer, more aggressive histological features, and more advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. This article reviews the most recent evidence from population-based studies and institutional series, as well as the newest screening guidelines, and provides an up-to-date summary of our current understanding of EOCRC, from clinical presentation to tumor biology and prognosis, and future directions in treatment and prevention.
High Signal Intensity on Diffusion-Weighted Images Reflects Acute Phase of Deep Vein Thrombus
Authors: Gi Toshihiro , Kuroiwa Yasuyoshi , Yamashita Atsushi , Mizutani Yuko , Asanuma Taketoshi , Miyati Tosiaki , Maekawa Kazunari , Aman Murasaki , Imamura Takuroh , Asada Yujiro
Published: August 2020

The effects of antithrombotic therapy on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) can be affected by thrombus age, which cannot be reliably determined by noninvasive imaging modalities. We investigated whether magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can localize and determine the age of venous thrombus in patients with DVT, animal models, and human blood in vitro. Signal intensity (SI) on DWI and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of thrombi were assessed in eight patients with DVT using a 1.5-T MR imaging (MRI) system. We assessed the organizing processes as venous thrombus developed in the rabbit jugular vein using a 3.0-T MRI system over time. We also assessed MRI signals of human blood in vitro using the 1.5-T MRI system. Venous thrombi were detected by DWI as areas of high or mixed high and iso SI in all patients. The ADCs were lower in the proximal, than in the distal portion of the thrombi. The thrombi of rabbit jugular veins histologically organized in a time-dependent manner, with high SI on DWI at 4 hours, mixed high and iso SI at 1 and 2 weeks, and iso SI at 3 weeks. The ADC correlated negatively with erythrocyte content, and positively with smooth muscle cells, macrophages, hemosiderin, and collagen content. MRI signals of human blood in vitro showed that ADCs were affected by erythrocyte content, but not by blood clotting. MR-DWI can detect venous thrombus, and high SI on DWI accompanied by a low ADC might reflect erythrocyte-rich, acute-phase thrombi.
Rüsten Für die Zweite Welle: Klinikeinkauf in Pandemie-Zeiten
Authors: Herrschelmann Anna
Published: August 2020

Es ist nicht harmlos und es wird auch nicht auf wundersame Weise verschwinden: das Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
Einkäufer-Blog: Post-Corona-Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Müller Rüdiger
Published: August 2020

Ich habe heute keine Maske für dich!
Krankenhauseinkauf Nach der Pandemie: Wie Covid-19 Einkauf und Logistik verändern wird
Authors: Otten Hubertus
Published: August 2020

Das Corona-Virus führte im Krankenhauseinkauf in den vergangenen Monaten zu Kostensteigerungen durch Mehrarbeit von rund 30 Prozent und es entstanden systemkritische Engpässe bei vielen Artikeln. Doch wie ist das Ausmaß der zum Teil chaotischen Zustände zu erklären und was können wir aus der Krise lernen?
Verbesserung der Logistikeffizienz: Benchmark-Studie Krankenhauslogistik 2019
Authors: Otten Hubert , Bagner Katharina
Published: August 2020

Das Institut für Health Care Management hat nach einer positiven ersten Resonanz zum zweiten Mal eine Benchmark-Studie Krankenhauslogistik durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden Rahmenbedingungen und Transportmassendaten von jeweils 12 Krankenhäusern erhoben sowie Kennzahlen zu Produktivität, Servicequalität, Auftragsstabilität und Kosten berechnet.
Mathematics of the classical and the quantum
Authors: Kryukov Alexey A.
Published: August 2020

Newtonian and Schrödinger dynamics can be formulated in a physically meaningful way within the same Hilbert space framework. This fact was recently used to discover an unexpected relation between classical and quantum motions that goes beyond the results provided by the Ehrenfest theorem. The Newtonian dynamics was shown to be the Schrödinger dynamics of states constrained to a submanifold of the space of states, identified with the classical phase space of the system. Quantum observables are identified with vector fields on the space of states. The commutators of observables are expressed through the curvature of the space. The resulting embedding of the Newtonian and Schrödinger dynamics into a unified geometric framework is rigid in the sense that the Schrödinger dynamics is a unique extension of the Newtonian one. Under the embedding, the normal distribution of measurement results associated with a classical measurement implies the Born rule for the probability of transition of quantum states. The mathematics of the discovered relationship between the classical and the quantum is reviewed and investigated here in detail and applied to the process of measurement of spin and position observables.
Numerical investigation of novel bio-inspired flow field design scheme for PEM fuel cell
Authors: Dong Jinhua , Liu Shunfang , Liu Shihua
Published: August 2020

The uniformity of reaction gas distribution and water drainage performance may be influenced by the flow field structure and the total distance between the inlet and outlet of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Therefore, the design of flow field plates may dominate the performance of fuel cells to some extent. A new kind of flow field plate structure is presented here based upon the principle of bio-inspiration and Murray's law in view of a PEM fuel cell as the object; moreover, numerical simulation is carried out to determine performance. In addition, contour plot comparisons between the bio-inspired and parallel flow fields of the PEM fuel cell indicate that the molar concentration distributions (O2, H2, and H2O) are more even for the bio-inspired design. Pressure and temperature distributions are also compared. The novel flow field plate structure not only improves the uniformity of reaction gas distribution but also reduces the pressure drop through the flow channels, and the maximum output power of the fuel cell with the novel structure rises by 114% under the same conditions and geometric scale compared to the fuel cell with the parallel flow field.
On the stochastic representation and Markov approximation of Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Gaveau Bernard , Moreau Michel
Published: August 2020

We study the coarse-grained distribution of a Hamiltonian system on the space partition determined by the initial measurement inaccuracies. Using methods of coding theory, introduced by Shannon and further researchers, Kolmogorov treated the stationary case for a discretized time, when the microscopic system is initially uniformly distributed. Following his work, we consider the non-stationary mesoscopic process induced by the Hamiltonian evolution from an inhomogeneous initial distribution. In general, this process has an infinite memory, but we show that its memory fades out with time: with any finite accuracy a, it can be approximated by a process with a memory limited to the n past events, n depending only on a. As a result, under suitable hypotheses, the mesoscopic process obeys an approximate Markov equation on groups of n successive states. More roughly, one obtains an ordinary Markov system by introducing a time coarse-graining on n successive elementary time steps. So, in a generic case, the system eventually tends to equilibrium for any initial mesoscopic distribution.
Influence of quantum dot shape on the formation energy of boron dopants in silicon
Authors: Du H. N. , Li J. , Li H. , Shen Y. Y. , Xu C. X.
Published: August 2020

A series of the formation energies Ef of boron dopants in Si quantum dots with different shapes, including tetrahedron (TH), tetrahedron-centered (TC), and octahedron (OT), are investigated by the first-principle calculation. The site of B dopants can be simply divided into vertex (“′v”), edge (“e”), and facet (“f”) on the surfaces of the Si quantum dots. It is found that the Ef value is strongly relying on quantum dot shape. In particular, when the size is given, one finds that TH shape has the lowest Ef values, while OT shape possesses the largest ones, and thus there is a sequence of Ef(TH) < Ef(TC) < Ef(OT). This can be well explained by the shape factor λ since the same sequence of λ(TH) < λ(TC) < λ(OT) exists. Interestingly, for each shape of TH, TC, and OT, λ is not a constant, behaving as the increasing trend when the size increases, while it behaves in decreasing trend for Ef. This means that the shape and the size have the opposite roles in Ef. Thus, considering the shape influence, one can say that the Si quantum dot with a smaller λ value is in favor of B dopants in them.
Solution of the mixed formulation for generalized Forchheimer flows of isentropic gases
Authors: Kieu Thinh
Published: August 2020

This paper focuses on the generalized Forchheimer flows of isentropic gas in a porous medium, described by a system of two nonlinear degenerate partial differential equations of first order. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the Dirichlet problem for the stationary problem. The technique of semi-discretization in time is used to prove the existence for the time-dependent problem.
The impact of malicious nodes on the spreading of false information
Authors: Ruan Zhongyuan , Yu Bin , Shu Xincheng , Zhang Qingpeng , Xuan Qi
Published: August 2020

Increasing empirical evidence in recent years has shown that bots or malicious users in a social network play a critical role in the propagation of false information, while a theoretical modeling of such a problem has been largely ignored. In this paper, applying a simple contagion model, we study the effect of malicious nodes on the spreading of false information by incorporating the smart nodes who perform better than normal nodes in discerning false information. The malicious nodes, however, will always repost (or adopt) the false message as long as they receive it. We show analytically that, for a random distribution of malicious nodes, there is a critical number of malicious nodes above which the false information could outbreak in a random network. We further study three different distribution strategies of selecting malicious nodes for false information spreading. We find that malicious nodes that have large degrees, or are tightly connected, can enhance the spread. However, when they are close to the smart nodes, the spreading of false information can either be promoted or inhibited, depending on the network structure.
Electronic density of states engineering of a 3D 14 nm Si/Ge alloy metalattice
Authors: Huang ZhaoHui , Wang RanXin
Published: August 2020

Si/Ge nanostructures have attracted much attention since they are compatible with current microelectronics technology. The geometry and composition variations can be used to tune their electronic properties. Here, we introduce a 3D Si/Ge superlattice, metalattice, made of more volumetric meta-atoms and thinner metabonds between them. Its size varies from a few tens to hundreds of nanometers and can be taken as a mesoscale physics platform. We intend to bring a metallic character to such an alloy metalattice. This requires that the quantum confinement and chemical composition act in a complementary way. The tight-binding method is employed and it is confirmed that a 3D uniform density of states across the whole metalattice is possible. Search for the preferred electronic structure now transforms to the problem of finding the appropriate geometry.
Investigation on anode plume in high-current vacuum arc by experiments and simulations
Authors: Wang Lijun , Yan Chao , Yang Ze , Zhang Tuo , Wang Kai , Jia Shenli
Published: August 2020

The objective of this paper is to investigate anode plume in high-current vacuum arc through experiments and simulations. A series of experiments are carried out in a demountable vacuum chamber at different current levels with the CuCr40 contact. Combined with arc voltage and arc image, the formation and evolution of typical anode modes, especially anode plume, are analyzed. The contact erosion and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results are also discussed after experiments. Based on the experimental results, a two-dimensional (2D) magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) model is adopted to study the physical characteristics of anode plume. The experimental results show that a larger current leads to a more intense anode mode forming at smaller gap distance with a bigger and brighter arc column. Anode plume is generated between anode spot type 2 and current zero due to the obvious pressure difference between anode vapor and cathode plasma, which is confirmed by the simulation results of different anode temperatures. The contact erosion is more severe in the area where anode plumes frequently appear. The spatial distribution of number density, temperature, pressure, and electrical conductivity of anode plume are analyzed by simulations, and therefore the related experimental phenomena are explained.
Analysis of combustion acoustic phenomena in compression–ignition engines using large eddy simulation
Authors: Broatch A. , Novella R. , García-Tíscar J. , Gomez-Soriano J. , Pal P.
Published: August 2020

As computational capabilities continue to grow, exploring the limits of computational fluid dynamics to capture complex and elusive phenomena, which are otherwise difficult to study by experimental techniques, is one of the main targets for the research community. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the physical processes that lead to combustion noise emissions in internal combustion engines. In particular, diesel combustion in a compression–ignition (CI) engine is studied in order to understand the singular behavior of the in-cylinder flow field responsible for the acoustic emissions. The main objective is, therefore, to improve the understanding of the phenomena involved in CI engine noise using large eddy simulations. Several visualization methods are employed to investigate the connection between combustion behavior and its effects on the pressure field. In addition, proper orthogonal decomposition is used to analyze the modal energy distribution among all the acoustic modes. The results show that the acoustic signature is fundamentally conditioned by the intensity of the premixed combustion rather than by the pressure oscillations generated by turbulent fluctuations in the flame surface established during the diffusion stage.