bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dimension, Diversity and Complexity of the Macroeconomic Risk
Authors: Maria Drăghici Dalis
Published: January 2020

The approach at a macroeconomic level of the challenges in order to foster the competitiveness in certain economic areas implies understanding and assessing the risk as an essential element which can determine in every moment the availability of the mechanisms and the necessary resources for a sustainable future. Even if in a certain measure the risk has to be assumed, the losses caused by undesired events seem to be more ample than the benefits. The most important aspect and part of the risk management is represented by the fact that risk has to be distributed over time, its effects being extended for long periods. While the benefits are hard to distinguish, the efforts seem to be determined at short notice. Any privation of the risk indicators that are correlated with the long-term objectives leads to a barrier when it comes     to monitoring the exactitude and performance of the decision-makers. Despite the struggle against the global pressure and the political risk, at a macroeconomic level the uncertainty does not only lingers in association with the external framework, but it also succeeded in reaching extreme levels in comparison with the recent history. The present article aims to observe, categorize and explain the dimension, diversity and complexity of the macroeconomic risk and it will also try to demonstrate that when    it comes to composite systems, the risk follows the same path as the environmental context, all because of the diversified overlaps between financial systems and societies, together with their economies and ecosystems.
Keywords: integrated risk management, risk society, uncertainty
Measuring Tourism Seasonality Across Selected Mediterranean Countries
Authors: Suštar Natali , Laškarin Ažić Marina
Published: January 2020

Seasonality, as one of the key features of tourist activity, represents an unavoidable topic in scientific and professional analyses, whose aim it is to determine its causal effects. The economic consequences of seasonality are the kind of consequences that are most often emphasized and considered in discussions. They include inefficiencies in resource use, income variability, changes in the employment level, etc. However, only a few analyses have provided a more in-depth discussion of the common problems of seasonality among the Mediterranean countries. The most commonly used method of calculating the Gini coefficient will be used in order to estimate seasonality. This coefficient is characterized by certain advantages, such as taking into account the distribution asymmetry and the relative insensitivity to extreme values, as well   as the stability indication of overnight stays distribution in a single year. Based on individual calculations of the seasonality index, this paper will provide a unique view of the similarities and differences between countries with regards to seasonal tourism oscillations. The analysis will cover the total number of tourists’ overnight stays in hotels and similar accommodation facilities, RevPAR revenue, and the average room price – ADR per month between 2007 and 2017. This paper will focus on determining the seasonal characteristics of the selected Mediterranean countries. The quantitative seasonality calculation will be a key indicator for seasonality measurements across different research areas. The contribution of this paper is reflected in the application of financial and non-financial indicators in hotel business that has not yet been implemented.
Keywords: Tourism seasonality, RevPAR, ADR, gini index
Investment in Fine Art Market Versus Investment in Financial Instruments
Authors: Dimitriu Ana - Corina , Hurduzeu Gheorghe
Published: January 2020

The art market has been seen always as an area of excellence, where only the elected people can understand the mysteries of the specific of the arts. Although there might be both investments in assets, the investment in art and the investment in financial instruments are different. This paper explores the differences between these two types of investments.
Keywords: art investment, art value, art price
Foreign Direct Investment and Consumer Finance Companies: What Are the Determinants?
Authors: Popescu Consuela-Elena
Published: January 2020

In the context of the globalization of the financial sector, notably of the non-banking sector within the European Union member states of the last decades, the assets of the non-bank sector have increased in the last years considerably. Taking into account that the regulatory requirements for consumer finance companies are more permissive than for banking financial institutions and that the financials of the sector are not available for almost half of the sector this paper tries to explain the main determinants of foreign direct investments in consumer finance companies for a panel of European Union member states over the period 2006-2013. My approach is using the panel methodology but testing different panel specifications in order to choose the model that will better explain FDI – fixed effects. Findings show that the percentage of people with internet connection, the quality of the regulatory environment, the trade to GDP, the cost of business start-up procedures, the time required to start a business, the government final spending and the labour costs are the major determinants of foreign investments in consumer finance companies.
Keywords: consumer finance companies, foreign direct investment, non-bank financial sector, multinationals, panel data.
Planning and Managing of Diagnostic Imaging Technologies in Healthcare: The Introduction of Managed Equipment Service (MES) for the System’s Sustainability
Authors: Giusti Martina , Persiani Niccolò , Silvia Fissi , Ricci Renzo
Published: January 2020

The lack of resources has driven healthcare management studies to recognise Private and Public Partnerships (PPP) as the solution in managing efficiency, effectiveness and profitability of technological innovation. Recent researchers have identified the buying model called Managed Equipment Service (MES), in which purchaser and seller share the risks of technology’s management and use, as an optimal problem-solving method. The aim of this research is to analyse the potential economic-financial and organizational benefits of MES introduction in healthcare, in particular for the acquisition of the diagnostic imaging technologies. The research applies the case study method. We have examined a representative Italian Local Health Authority for its dimensions, managerial characteristics and case-mix offered but, especially, for its high health standards. In the study we have involved the strategic figure of radiographer in diagnostic imaging. The data has been elaborated through statistical analysis to observe the correlations. Evidence demonstrates that MES costs are lower than all the other planning and purchasing methods analysed (between 11% - 239%). When correlations between age of facilities and effectiveness of provided services is strong, MES grants the maintenance of a lower average age of technologies and a more efficient use of resources and significant margins of profitability. The emerging model of PPP is a possible solution to the current issues surrounding economic and financial sustainability of healthcare systems, considered the fewer resources and the technological progress. MES in healthcare appears to be a highly efficient way of managing innovation, in particular for diagnostic imaging technologies.
Keywords: Public Private Partnership (PPP), Managed Equipment Service (MES), middle-high technologies, diagnostic imaging.
A New Similarity Measure for Document Classification and Text Mining
Authors: Eminağaoğlu Mete , Gökşen Yılmaz
Published: January 2020

Accurate, efficient and fast processing of textual data and classification of electronic documents have become an important key factor in knowledge management and related businesses in today’s world. Text mining, information retrieval, and document classification systems have a strong positive impact on digital libraries and electronic content management, e-marketing, electronic archives, customer relationship management, decision support systems, copyright infringement, and plagiarism detection, which strictly affect economics, businesses, and organizations. In this study, we propose a new similarity measure that can be used with k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) and Rocchio algorithms, which are some of the well-known algorithms for document classification, information retrieval, and some other text mining purposes. We have tested our novel similarity measure with some structured textual data sets and we have compared the results with some other standard distance metrics and similarity measures such as Cosine similarity, Euclidean distance, and Pearson correlation coefficient. We have obtained some promising results, which show that this proposed similarity measure could be alternatively used within all suitable algorithms, methods, and models for text mining, document classification, and relevant knowledge management systems.
Keywords: text mining, document classification, similarity measures, k-NN, Rocchio algorithm
The Impact of the Digital Divide on the Adoption of e-Government in Greece
Authors: Gounopoulos Elias , Kontogiannis Sotirios , Kazanidis Ioannis , Valsamidis Stavros
Published: January 2020

The adoption of e-government services and the active e-participation of citizens may be affected by the pre-dominant socio-economic inequalities. The current study examined the impact of the digital divide to the use of e-government and e-participation services. We used the micro-data from the national survey on the use of Information and Communication Technologies by the Greek households and individuals. This survey was conducted by the Greek Statistical Authority in 2017, in a representative sample of the Greek population (n = 3321). We analyzed the data using logistic regression equations. According to the results, the social exclusion factors may influence the use of e-government services. The most important socio-economic factors affecting the decision to use e-government services are the educational level, age and citizenship. The e-participation of the citizens in various democratic processes is only influenced by their educational attainment. This work highlights the impact of the digital divide to every aspect of our digital life. The state should implement policies to address the digital divide focusing on the vulnerable social subgroups, such as the low-educated and older people. The findings of our research may help the policymakers to conceptualize the effect of the digital divide to e-government adoption, in a multidimensional and integrative way.
Keywords: e-government, Greece, digital divide, e-services, digital skills
O ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA COMO MEDIADORA UNIVERSAL PARA EXISTÊNCIA HUMANA
Authors: Pereira Luís Carlos , Nanni Roseli Margarete de Almeida , Antonelli Maria Matilde
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância do ensino da Filosofia da Educação como mediadora universal da existência humana. Por meio da filosofia, oferecer ao educando formação política, ética e estética, em que os princípios valorativos da sociedade devem ser integrados na sua formação de modo que se constituam cidadãos com sensibilidade mais humanitária. Assim, é necessário trabalhar as reflexões filosóficas, debates, diálogos, ensaios, música, dentre outros, para buscar essa formação das humanidades, tornando os cidadãos mais conscientes das suas funcões sociais e ao mesmo tempo contribuir para que essa formação humanística não fique restrita a índices de poder econômico, em que aos menos favorecidos chegue apenas a formação tecnicista com práticas e regras pré-estabelecidas pelo setor industrial. Embora, os sistemas educacionais a grosso modo sejam planejados para atender a fins capitalistas, o professor de filosofia poderá encontrar brechas dentro dos sistemas educacionais e contribuir, significativamente, para a formação do educando, independentemente do poder econômico do estudante. Pois, a formação humana alimenta a inteligência geral, promove a autonomia, ajuda a refletir acerca do mundo e da vida, desenvolve habilidades necessárias para o convívio social com práticas de cidadania para o devir, contribuindo na formação ética do indivíduo e na apropriação dos bens simbólicos por ele produzido. Portanto, o educador, pelos conjuntos das reflexões e ações aqui apresentadas, expressa que é possível construir subsídios para intencionalizar a prática pedagógica no ensino de filosofia para a formação valorativa do estudante, consciente com o trabalho, com o Estado e com a sociedade e pelos valores que são parte integrante do indivíduo como ser social.
Specifics of generating explosively formed projectiles of variable shape from metal liners
Authors: Kruglov P.V. , Kolpakov V.I. , Bolotina I.A.
Published: January 2020

The study proposes to use charges forming high-speed elongated elements (HSEE) with a variable shape for ground-based simulation of the penetration of particles and elements into the spacecraft's hull. During the operation of such a charge, an explosive throws a metal lining over a distance of several hundred charge diameters. The metal segment lining is deformed during the throwing process and takes the form of an elongated element. In calculations we used steel linings with a degressive and progressive profile whose outer and inner surfaces are formed by spherical surfaces, as well as by a combination of spherical and conical surfaces. The paper shows the results of a numerical analysis which determines the effect of the geometric and physico-mechanical parameters of segmented cumulative linings on the efficiency of the charges forming high-speed elongated elements. The efficiency of the charges was determined by the characteristics of the formed element, i.e. elongation, degree of fullness and the diameter of the horizontal stabilizer. Furthermore, we established the dependences which describe the effect of the lining material dynamic yield point and the radius of transition of the spherical surface to the conical surface on the elongation of the element and the diameter of the horizontal stabilizer. We also showed the possible contradictory effect of changing the radius of transition of the spherical surface of the lining into the conical surface on the aerodynamic stability parameters of the high-speed elongated element.
Dar przyjaźni. Dar opowieści. „Dwaj Macieje”
Authors: Szczukowski Dariusz
Published: January 2020

Artykuł jest próbą interpretacji wiersza Bolesława Leśmiana Dwaj Macieje w kontekście autobiograficznego doświadczenia poety – jego przyjaźni z Franzem Fischerem. Utwór Leśmiana jest w mojej propozycji lekturowej świadectwem wary w dar przyjaźni i dar opowieści.
Czy istnieje przepis na obcojęzycznego Leśmiana?
Authors: Kaźmierczak Marta
Published: January 2020

Wbrew oczywistym trudnościom poezję Bolesława Leśmiana przekładano na kilkanaście języków o różnym stopniu pokrewieństwa z polszczyzną. Odmienne strategie i poziom tłumaczeń, ich różna ilość w poszczególnych krajach oraz wciąż marginalna pozycja autora Łąki w kanonie europejskim skłaniają do podjęcia refleksji metodologicznej nad jego poezją z perspektywy przekładu. Artykuł ma na celu podsumowanie najistotniejszych trudności, jakie twórczość Leśmiana stawia przed tłumaczami, i wyabstrahowanie na podstawie praktyki translatorskiej w różnych językach pewnych recept – takich rozwiązań i podejść, których szersze zastosowanie dawałoby szansę na zoptymalizowanie rezultatu przekładu. W nawiązaniu do koncepcji dominanty wyróżniono cztery pierwiastki, których uwzględnienia wymaga adekwatny przekład tej poezji. Prześledzono takie kwestie jak odtwarzanie neologizmów – z naciskiem na systemowość Leśmianowskiego słowotwórstwa – zagadnienia wersyfikacyjne, w tym rolę rytmu i, co za tym idzie, pytanie o ewentualną ekwimetryczność przekładu, wymiar mitotwórczy tej poezji oraz jej unikalny charakter. Na zasygnalizowanie zasługują także problemy związane ze współtworzeniem obcojęzycznego makrotekstu przez różnych tłumaczy oraz odmienne uwarunkowania odbioru w zagranicznej recepcji. Przykłady zostały zaczerpnięte z tłumaczeń na języki angielski, niemiecki, rosyjski, ukraiński i włoski.
Kalendarium życia kulturalnego Łodzi (cz. 3) 16–30 kwietnia 1945
Authors: Dakowicz Przemysław
Published: January 2020

Publikacja niniejsza, trzeci fragment Kalendarium łódzkiego życia kulturalnego w latach 1945–1946, obejmuje swoim zakresem drugą połowę kwietnia 1945 roku, czas organizowania się kultury po przeszło pięciu latach niemieckiego terroru okupacyjnego. W dziejach miasta wiosna roku 1945 był to okres szczególny – wobec niemal całkowitego zburzenia Warszawy przez Niemców, na terenie Łodzi ulokowały się niektóre spośród komunistycznych urzędów, zaczęli tu także zjeżdżać ważni przedstawiciele życia umysłowego i kulturalnego. Oferowano im mieszkania, pracę w dynamicznie rozwijającej się, kontrolowanej przez władzę prasie oraz w tworzonych naprędce instytucjach kultury i uczelniach. Autor tekstu próbuje – poprzez szczegółową denotację faktów z pogranicza historii, polityki, życia umysłowego i artystycznego – przedstawić mechanizmy i dynamikę najwcześniejszego etapu kulturowo-ideologicznej rewolucji przeprowadzonej w Polsce w latach 1945–1948.
Gombrowicz w Buenos Aires. Wywiad z Nicolásem Hochmanem
Authors: Kobyłecka-Piwońska Ewa
Published: January 2020

Tematem wywiadu z Nicolásem Hochmanem jest przede wszystkim działalność argentyńskiej grupy Congreso Gombrowicz, która w Buenos Aires organizuje wydarzenia o charakterze naukowym i popularyzatorskim, poświęcone twórczości i legendzie Witolda Gombrowicza.
Case of Vaccine-Associated Fibrosarcoma (VAS), Related to Aluminium, in a Cat
Authors: Altinok-Yipel Fulya , Altug Nuri , Inan Sevda
Published: January 2020

An 11-year-old, male, crossbreed cat was presented for a subcutaneous mass affecting the prescapular region extending to the thoracic vertebrae. The diagnosis of fibrosarcoma was made according to the histopathological examination of the biopsy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) was used to determine the presence of aluminium in the tumor tissue. The owner did not accept further treatment, so the cat died 1 month after diagnosis. This is the first case report from Turkey which diagnoses verified by SEM and has shown that aluminium-containing vaccines may be associated with fibrosarcoma formation. Awareness of the side effects of adjuvants is still not enough level. Determining the frequency of VAS in fibrosarcoma cases will contribute to the increase of life span/survival by protective measures. The aim of this case report is to draw attention to the adjuvant contents of the vaccines and to scrutinize the relationship between vaccine applications and tumor development.
Paleovirology: Blessing or Curse of Ancient Viruses - A Review
Authors: Warke Shubhangi , Tembhurne Prabhakar , Bobade Sumedha , Ingle V C
Published: January 2020

Ancient virus genomes preserved as fossils and carried by host within their genome. Although viral genomes evolve rapidly, their rate of change slows to the same pace as that of the host’s DNA after insertion, making it possible to study viral DNA sequences that are many millions of years old. Paleovirology is the study of viral fossil records typically over prehistoric or geological timescales and the effects that these agents have had on the evolution of their hosts. Viruses sometimes heritably integrate into the genomes of their hosts, resulting in genomic features known as endogenous viral elements (EVEs). Using EVEs, the field of paleovirology investigates the long term evolution of viruses and their impact on hosts. One of the fruitful outcomes of high throughput genomics is the widespread availability of whole genome data, offering the unprecedented opportunity to investigate EVEs at a large scale. This review, highlights the utility of antiviral gene evolution for the study of paleovirology, the consequent surge in paleovirology and the main methodological techniques used to study them. EVEs can only be understood within an evolutionary framework and we outline a generalized workflow for conducting paleovirology studies.
Male Sterility and its Commercial Exploitation in Hybrid Seed Production of Vegetable Crops: A Review
Authors: Sharma Pramod , Nair Sunil A , Sharma Payal
Published: January 2020

Male sterility is described as absence of functional pollen grains in hermaphrodite flowers facilitating large scale production of hybrid seeds in vegetable crops. It eases hybrid seed production at commercial level in crops like tomato, chilli, capsicum, carrot, onion, cabbage, cauliflower and cucurbits. Male sterility would reduce the cost of hybrid seed production by limiting the labour making it efficient and economical. Incorporation of biotechnological tools in conventional plant breeding techniques would aid the breeders in limiting the drawbacks surrounding exploitation of male sterility for development of new hybrids. The present review is an attempt to summarize and to know the commercial utilization of male sterile line in hybrid seed production of vegetables.
Plastic Mulch Pollution and Introduction of Biodegradable Plastic Mulches – A Review
Authors: Divya V U , Sarkar N C
Published: January 2020

The use of plastic mulch in agriculture has increased dramatically in the last 10 years throughout the world. The adverse effects of plastic mulch pollution in agriculture forced the scientists to search for alternatives. Studies in Xinjiang showed that residual plastic film mulch levels of 200 kg m-2 in the topsoil (0–20 cm) affected the emergence rate of cotton seeds and reduced cotton production by 15%. Soil mulching for 5–20 consecutive years led to a 122–146% increase in the salt content of the topsoil. Efficiency of both plastic mulches and biodegradable mulches compared in terms of crop production, period of weed control, etc.
Importance of Bioactive Compounds Present in Plant Products and Their Extraction – A Review
Authors: Kumar Amardeep , Ahmad Faizan , Zaidi Sadaf
Published: January 2020

India is one of the largest producers of fruits and vegetables in the world. These are rich sources of bioactive compounds which provide health benefits and also possess antioxidant therapeutic value. A large portion of fruits and vegetables goes unutilized in the form of pulp and peels after the extraction of juice in food processing industries. This contains a large number of bioactive compounds. The compounds like phenolic compounds, flavonoids and carotenoids are ubiquitously present in fruits, vegetables and their by-products. These compounds have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antitumor and many more activities to a greater or lesser extent. This review focuses on the bioactive compounds present in fruits, vegetables and their by-products along with their classification and importance in day to day life. A further aim of this review is to discuss various techniques employed in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant products. The antioxidant activity of various fruits and vegetables based on DPPH radical scavenging methods has also been reported in this work.
Identification of Genetic Variants in ABCG2 Gene Influencing Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Singh Arun Pratap , Chakravarty A K , Mir M A , Arya Ashwani , Singh Manvendra
Published: January 2020

This study was performed to investigate the polymorphisms in the ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) gene and to reveal the association of genotypes with breeding value (BV) for first lactation milk yield and milk composition traits of Karan Fries (HF crossbred) cattle. The traits were adjusted against the significant effect of non-genetic factors. PCR-RFLP analysis of ABCG2 (exon 14) gene revealed three genotypes. AA genotype in ABCG2 gene had significant effect on BV for average test day fat percentage. The identified potential genetic marker could be used for the development of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) strategy for higher milk yield and milk composition traits in Karan Fries Cattle.
Identification of Suitable Cobalt Application Method and Optimum Level for Enhancing of Chickpea Yield
Authors: Onte Santosh , Gudadhe Nitin N , Ladumor Raju G , Karmakar Nilima , Singh Magan
Published: January 2020

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2015-2016 at Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari to identify suitable cobalt application method and optimum level for enhancing chickpea yield. There were four cobalt application methods and three levels of cobalt each i.e. seed priming at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm, seed treatment at 1, 2 and 3 g kg-1 seed, soil application at 50, 100 and 150 g ha-1, foliar application at 0.01, 0.025 and 0.05% and one control with water priming and one without seed treatment were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. In general least level of all methods has recorded highest growth and yield of chickpea. As cobalt levels increased, growth and yield of chickpea was decreased linearly in all methods. Soil application of 50 g CoCl2 ha-1 produced highest seed yield hence this treatment can be recommended for higher seed yield and can be useful for succeeding crop.
An analysis of the changes in geometric transformations in early childhood period
Authors: Erden Ozcan Sule , Bal Ayten Pinar
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyse geometric transformations of children in the early childhood period. The study utilised a case study to design one of the qualitative research methods. Interviews were conducted with 6-, 7- and 8-year-old children, in total 24 children, who were enrolled in a private pre-school and a primary school of the Ministry of National Education. Data obtained from the interviews conducted with the children were recorded on the computer as raw data. Then, appropriate themes and codes were formed using these data, and the data were subjected to content analysis. Results of this study showed that children began to improve comprehend topological transformations as their age levels increased, and the development occurred according to age. It is recommended that further studies should investigate how topological transformation develops at earlier ages in case it is supported in the early childhood period.
Keywords: Geometric, transformation, topology, projective, early childhood period.
The relationship between academic self-efficacy, learning styles and epistemological beliefs: A study on the students of the school of physical education and sports
Authors: Canpolat A. Meliha
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the verbal and visual dominant learning styles and epistemological beliefs of the students educated in the School of Physical Education and Sports according to their academic self-efficacy influence levels. A total of 434 students (132 females and 302 males) participated in this study. The scales of Academic Self-efficacy, verbal and visual dominant learning styles and epistemological beliefs were used in the study. Hierarchical cluster analysis, k-means cluster analysis, multivariate analysis of variance and post hoc analyses were performed. Considering the results of this study, the individuals in the group called â€˜low academic self-efficacyâ€™ were found to have lower average scores in the verbal dominant learning style than those of other groups. In the consequence of the analyses made for epistemological beliefs, the individuals in the group called â€˜high academic self-efficacyâ€™ were found to have higher averages in â€˜the belief that learning depends on effortâ€™ than other groups.

Keywords: Self-efficacy, epistemology, verbal learning style, visual learning style.
Sciences participatives : enjeux épistémologiques
Authors: Bedessem Baptiste
Published: January 2020

La participation au développement scientifique et technique d’individus n’appartenant pas à la sphère académique est une pratique ancienne, qui connaît aujourd’hui un regain d’intérêt, notamment sous la forme de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler « sciences participatives ». Les pratiques de participation se sont ainsi fortement diversifiées durant les deux dernières décennies dans des domaines comme les sciences de l’environnement, la biomédecine, l’astronomie ou encore la biologie fondamentale. Cette croissance marquée des programmes de « sciences participatives » a conditionné l’essor d’une littérature pluridisciplinaire s’attachant à décrire ces pratiques dans leurs dimensions sociologique, politique, éthique ou épistémologique. Cet état de l’art se propose de recenser les principaux enjeux d’ordre épistémologique posés par les différentes formes de participation citoyenne à la constitution de connaissances scientifiques, en se restreignant ici au cas des sciences de la nature. Il s’agira de souligner à la fois les opportunités et les obstacles qu’elles soulèvent tels qu’ils sont présentés et étudiés dans la littérature. L’un des objectifs de cette recension est de contribuer ainsi à constituer la question de la participation citoyenne comme un champ de recherche à part entière pour la philosophie des sciences.
SETTLEMENT STRUCTURE OF THE TYUMEN REGION IN THE AREA OF THE MAIN OIL AND GAS PIPELINES: SPATIAL LAYOUT AND SOCIOCULTURAL DYNAMICS
Authors: Ganopolsky M.G. , Markova L.M.
Published: January 2020

The article analyses the settlement of the Tyumen Region from the perspective of the interaction between the traditional settlement scheme that has developed over the last four centuries, and a group of settlements, where oil pumping and/or gas compressor stations of main oil and gas pipelines are located and maintained. The genesis of this interaction revealed two main directions: eastern and northern. In the first case, the junction points of the Trans-Siberian Railway, which served as administrative outposts, initiated the process of forming agricul-tural, commercial and then industrial zones (and, accordingly, new settlements); the north direction reflects the main stages of Russia's advancement to the North, including the massive industrial development of a unique West-Siberian oil-and-gas province. The homogeneity of the considered settlements in terms the production, terri-torial and social aspects allows us to interpret them as a territorial and production cluster. The organising role of the pipeline transport network in the further development of this cluster is shown. Firstly, it contributed to the emergence of new settlements, and secondly, former small settlements turned into the nodal points of the trans-formed settlement scheme. The result of the cluster formation is correlated with the dynamics of the urbanisation process and is presented in the form of a framework for the development and settlement of the Tyumen Region and its scheme. The consideration of the subject matter is multidisciplinary in nature due to its complex and multi-aspect character. In this study, elements of various methods and approaches were employed: historical-geographical and economic-geographical when studying the genesis of the settlement structure; ethno-demographic when considering the processes of natural and forced migration; socio-cultural and economic-organisational when trying to create a sociocultural scheme of a territorial community.
WEATHER FORECASTING IN THE PRACTICE OF REINDEER HERDERS
FROM THE SUBPOLAR URALS
Authors: Liskevich N.A. , Kopyltsova I.Yu. , Porshunova L.S.
Published: January 2020

The present article considers a complex of various signs used for predicting significant weather phenomena in the practice of reindeer herders from the Subpolar Urals. The authors obtained empirical data in the course of ethnographic expeditions (2007, 2012 and 2018) by conducting semi-structured interviews with hereditary reindeer herders, managers and specialists from the reindeer herding company of Saranpaul village (Beryozovsky District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area — Yugra). Systematisation along with the thematic classification of the field data revealed that the practical knowledge and skills of reindeer herders include prompt and long-term weather observation, experience in predicting and evaluating changes in hydrometeorological conditions, the ability to determine their impact on the food supply, as well as on the behaviour and health of deer. A complex of various signs helps to predict short-term weather changes or seasonal prospects: incoming of spring / summer / winter, rainy weather and summer temperature, snow depth in winter, bad weather, rain, snow, snowstorm, wind, cold, frost, heat and other meteorological changes. For making a short-term forecast, the following points are taken into account: wind direction in the mountains; presence and location of fog in the mountains; colour of sunset; twinkling of stars; halo around the moon; beauty of Northern Lights; quality of carried sounds (voiced and voiceless); fire draught and smoke movement; cloud form; bird cries; and animal behaviour (deer, dogs, insects). For the most part, these signs are rationally explained by changes in atmospheric pressure and humidity. As a result of long-term weather observations, reindeer herders have noted certain climate mitigation, as well as an increase in the number of anomalous weather phenomena, which are uncharacteristic of their seasons.
DWELLINGS AND HOUSEHOLDS OF THE LATE NEOLITHIC SOSNOVY OSTROV CULTURE IN THE TRANS-URALS: A MODEL OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
Authors: Usacheva I.V.
Published: January 2020

In this work, the author set out to test the procedure for studying the size of dwellings from the perspective of the household using the Sosnovy Ostrov culture of the Late Neolithic as an example. This implies considering the house collective as being maximally adapted to local environmental conditions and as being optimal in size for the implementation of a specific type of economic activity associated with the household. The study covers the south-ern taiga zone of the Tobol basin area (the border region between the Urals and Western Siberia) in the first half of 5th millennium Cal ВС. In the course of the systematic source analysis, the author employed the methods commonly used in natural science, geography and the humanities: topographic, hypsometric, planigraphic, com-parative ethnographic, etc. It was found that the dwellings of the Sosnovy Ostrov culture were large in sizes (60–125 m2) as compared to the dwellings of other Neolithic cultures in the Trans-Urals. In addition, a pattern in the location of villages relative to the water network was shown. They are situated close to lake isthmuses and well-head capes (located downstream of a tributary mouth). The analysis of settlements revealed in-depth long-term dwellings, as well as light structures and utility pits located inside and outside of dwellings. This fact, along with the material distribution, suggests the sedentary lifestyle of the population. A settled way of life in the context of appropriating economy is possible only if the population possess a highly productive skill. The modelling of the situation, drawing on the ethnographic data available for these territories, indicates that the population was en-gaged in weir fishing. This conclusion is consistent with paleoclimatic reconstructions and the topography of the settlements. In addition, it is indirectly confirmed by a large number of woodworking tools in the stone inventory. The construction and maintenance of a weir require the coordinated work of a large team, which correlates with the size of the Sosnovy Ostrov dwellings. The presence of a common hearth in the dwellings suggests that the Sosnovy Ostrov households were built on the principles of undivided authority and existed in the form of large (extended) families. The study results indicate a high informative potential of a dwelling when considered from the perspective of a household adapted to the specific conditions.
CD4 T Cell Metabolism Is a Major Contributor of HIV Infectivity and Reservoir Persistence
Authors: Taylor Harry E. , Palmer Clovis S.
Published: January 2020

HIV infection is characterized by elevated glycolytic metabolism in CD4 T cells. In their recent study, Valle-Casuso et al. demonstrated that both increased glucose utilization and glutamine metabolism are essential for HIV infectivity and replication in CD4 T cells. Here, we discuss the broader implications of immunometabolism in studies of HIV persistence and their potential to inform new treatment and curative strategies.
Modern libraries practices for teaching information literacy
Authors: Redkina N. S.
Published: January 2020

Information literacy as a set of techniques and methods to work with diverse types of information is a necessary condition for s person to exist in the modern world, because it helps to develop personal, professional and educational skills. The concept of information literacy firstly appeared in the United States in the 1970th. It was a response to the development of information society. Up to now the idea has not lost its relevance, due to the intensive growth of information technologies, an increase in information volumes and the emergence of new educational paradigms. Since the 1990th libraries began to actively develop programs and implement methods of increasing information literacy, systematically train users in rational methods of search, analytical and synthetic information processing, extraction, evaluation and transformation, as well as in the grounds of information security. The purpose of this article is to identify current advanced practices of libraries on various training forms to develop users’ information literacy, taking into account the increase in information flows and the emergence of large amounts of misinformation, the expansion of information types, the capabilities of education technologies, including online, library directions of work activities. To get information use was made of the Scopus database (the selection criterion: journal publications from 2015 to 2019 on the topic “information literacy”). The publication analysis has shown that libraries choose various ways and methods to teach information literacy their users: embedding programs in the educational process (academic libraries); through game, interactive forms (public libraries), individual methods of work of subject librarians with readers, as well as online instructions that allow formation of skills for effective search and information processing in any format.
Formation of a united information space of a research library
Authors: Gerasimenko A. Yu.
Published: January 2020

Over the past decade, the issue of uncontrolled growth of unsystematic information in Internet has remained acute for the scientific community. The problem of finding relevant information related to the distribution and autonomy of scientific information resources remains. A priority in the field of centralized access to the key scientifically significant sources of information is the creation of a united information space (UIS). The study aims to identify the main models to form systems integrating distributed information resources, and as a result to determine the structure of UIS formation in a research library. Two models were considered and analyzed in the study: a meta-aggregator and an integrated electronic library. During the analysis, elements, structure and a set of functions for users and employees of a research library are revealed for each model. The study allowed the drawing of the following conclusions:

• The choice of a model for the UIS formation depends mostly on the formulation of tasks, the solution of which is the purpose of creating a system, as well as on the technological potential of the organizations involved in the process.

•Multifunctionality of the system allows simultaneous use of the above-mentioned formation models.

• Adding the element of interactivity to the structure of UIS of the research library will allow timely monitoring of changes in the information needs of scientists, reduction of time, labor and financial costs of both the library and a user. The article presents the criteria for choosing a model. For the first time the optimal effective structure of the UIS in the research library is described.
Review of Absorption Oil Content in Water Injection
Authors: Ernawan Aditya Nugraha , Fachrizal Alfi , Wijaya Angga , Syahreza Bima , Alkhandi Muhammad Ridwan , Firdaus Mayang , Dyatmahendri Mulyono , Ananda Rizka , Rustam Wily , Afdhol Muhammad Khoirul , Erfando Tomi
Published: January 2020

Implementation of waterflood is with injected pressured water to reservoir to escalation oil production. Produced water is the dominated result from oil and gas mechanism in this world meanwhile 65% of water is injected back to the well for pressure maintenance, 30% for discharge aquifier condition and surface. For shaly sand, produced water usually bring coarse and suspended sand to the surface. Therefore, this sand level is needed to declining to avoid plugging in injection well until certain economic condition.
Synthesis and in vitro Photocytotoxicity of 9-/13-lipophilic Substituted Berberine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Lin Hong-Jhih , Ho Jinn-Hsuan , Tsai Li-Chen , Yang Fang-Yu , Yang Ling-Ling , Kuo Cheng-Deng , Chen Lih-Geeng , Liu Yi-Wen , Wu Jin-Yi
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to synthesize 9-/13-position substituted berberine derivatives and evaluated their cytotoxic and photocytotoxic effects against three human cancer cell lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, 9-O-dodecyl- (5e), 13-dodecyl- (6e) and 13-O-dodecyl-berberine (7e) exhibited stronger growth inhibition against three human cancer cell lines, (HepG2, HT-29 and BFTC905), in compare with structurally related berberine (1). These three compounds also showed the photocytotoxicity in human cancer cells in a concentration-dependent and light dose-dependent manner. Through flow cytometry analysis, we found out a lipophilic group at 9-/13-position of berberine may have facilitated its penetration into test cell and hence enhanced its photocytotoxicity on human liver cancer cell HepG2. Further, in cell cycle analysis, 5e, 6e and 7e induced HepG2 cells to arrest at S phase and caused apoptosis upon irradiation. In addition, photodynamic treatment of berberine (1) and its derivatives 5e, 6e and 7e again showed a significant photocytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells, induced remarkable cell apoptosis, greatly increased intracellular ROS level and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These results over and again confirmed that berberine derivatives 5e, 6e and 7e greatly enhanced photocytotoxicity. Taking together, the test data led us to conclude that berberine derivatives with a dodecyl group at 9-/13-position could be great candidates for the anti-liver cancer medicines developments.
Regularized Reconstruction of HBIM for Built Heritage—Case Study with Chinese Ancient Architecture
Authors: Raner Que , Xi Wang , Cong Wu , Chengjun Bai
Published: January 2020

By the study of the pattern book Ying Zao Fa Shi (building regulations of Song Dynasty, 1103 AD), while analyzing the combining and dimensioning rule of timber framework and tile work, a model self-generating program has been compiled for the first time. The operating framework has been firstly defined, while solving the issues of clustering principle, connecting method, output classification, etc. with the detailed description of algorithm theory. Taking the corner bracket set and nine-ridge roof for example, after the compilation and debug by Grasshopper, according to various input parameters, various models have been generated automatically by the plugin, proving the velocity and the veracity of the algorithm.
Femtosecond Laser-micromachining of Glass Micro-chip for High Order Harmonic Generation in Gases
Authors: Ciriolo Anna G. , Martinez Vazquez Rebeca , Roversi Alice , Frezotti Aldo , Vozzi Caterina , Osellame Roberto , Stagira Salvatore
Published: January 2020

We report on the application of femtosecond laser micromachining to the fabrication of complex glass microdevices, for high-order harmonic generation in gas. The three-dimensional capabilities and extreme flexibility of femtosecond laser micromachining allow us to achieve accurate control of gas density inside the micrometer interaction channel. This device gives a considerable increase in harmonics generation efficiency if compared with traditional harmonic generation in gas jets. We propose different chip geometries that allow to control the gas density and driving field intensity inside the interaction channel to achieve quasi-phase matching conditions in the harmonic generation process. We believe that these glass micro-devices will pave the way to future downscaling of High-order Harmonic Generation beamlines.
Cross-protection induced by a A/MAY/97 Emergency Vaccine Against Heterologous Challenge with a Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus from the A/ASIA/G-VII Lineage
Authors: Dekker Aldo , Sanz-Bernardo Beatriz , Singanallur Nagendra , Ludi Anna , Horsington Jacquelyn , Eblé Phaedra , King Donald , Vosloo Wilna
Published: January 2020

Since 2015, outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the Middle East have been caused by a new emerging viral lineage, A/ASIA/G-VII. In-vitro vaccine matching data indicated that this virus poorly matched (low r1-value) with vaccines that were being used in the region as well as most other commercially available vaccines. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of two candidate vaccines against challenge with a representative field virus from the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage. The results from an initial full dose protection study provided encouraging data for the A/MAY/97 vaccine, while the A22/IRQ/64 vaccine only protected 2/7 vaccinated animals. In view of these promising results, this vaccine was tested in a potency test (PD50) experiment in which 5 cattle were vaccinated with a full dose, 5 cattle with a 1/3 dose and 5 cattle with a 1/9 dose of vaccine. Vaccines were prepared as would be done during an emergency vaccination campaign using a double oil emulsion adjuvant. At 21 days post vaccination these vaccinated cattle and 3 control cattle were subsequently challenged intradermolingually with a field isolate from the A/ASIA/G-VII lineage. All cattle from the full vaccine dose, 4 cattle from the 1/3 vaccine dose and 2 cattle from the 1/9 vaccine dose were clinically protected against challenge with FMDV A/ASIA/G-VII, resulting in a heterologous potency of 6.5 PD50/dose. These data support previous studies showing that a high potency emergency vaccine can protect against clinical disease when challenged with a heterologous strain of the same serotype. Not only the r1-value of the vaccine, but also the homologous potency of a vaccine should be taken into account when advising vaccines to control an outbreak.