bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity Pattern of Antimicrobial from Pneumonia Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ali Shahid , Hussain Waqas , Subhan Zakia , Ahmad Muhammad , Mujtaba Mariam Ahmed , Ijaz Muhammad Usman
Published: October 2022

Objective: The purpose of this research was to identify the bacterial isolates, the patterns of antibiotic resistance exhibited by those bacteria, as well as the characteristics that are related with individuals who have community-acquired pneumonia. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration: This study was carried out at Hayatabad Medical Complex from Jan 2022 to April 2022 Methods: Total 83 patients of both gender had pneumonia were presented. Included pneumonia patients were aged between 18-80 years. After obtaining informed written consent, detailed demographic information about the cases that were recruited was recorded. This information included the participants' ages, genders, body mass indexes, educational levels, and marital statuses. Frequency of antimicrobial sensitivity, sensitivity of bacteria and blood culture examination among all cases were assessed. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: Among 83 patients, majority 51 (61.4%) were males and 32 (38.6%) were females. Mean age of the patients was 61.7±5.37 years and had mean BMI 25.7± 12.29 kg/m2. 63 (75.9%) patients were married and 43 (51.8%) cases were educated. Pulmonary tuberculosis was the most common co-morbidity followed by heart failure, COPD, and HIV/AIDS. Among the most prevalent bacteria isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Ceftriaxone and other third-generation cephalosporins were frequently prescribed to patients with pneumonia. Conclusion: Klebsiella pneumoniae predominated in sputum cultures and showed increased sensitivity to beta-lactam and aminoglycoside classes of antibiotics. Over-60 years, male gender, and tuberculosis infection were the major contributors to increased danger. Keywords: Pneumonia, Bacteria, Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Comorbidities
Frequency of Peripheral Arterial Disease among Diabetic Patients
Authors: Ali Nasir , Ullah Sami , Maqsood Saeed , Ahmed Tariq , . Shahzad , Khan Rabnawaz
Published: October 2022

Background: Peripheral artery disease, or PAD, is among the significant macro-vascular problems of diabetes mellitus and is connected with the cardio death rate and a higher rate of impairment after extremity amputation in people with diabetes. For that reason, the present research is targeted at figuring out the frequency as well as corresponding elements of Peripheral artery disease among diabetic patients at Hayatabad Medical Complex MTI, Peshawar. Place and Duration of study: Hayatabad Medical Complex MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan. The duration of the study was 6 months from 5th September 2021 to 5th March 2022. Methods: An institution based cross sectional research had been carried out among diabetes mellitus patients. A pre-tested interviewer administered a survey had been utilized to gather the information. The existence of stenosis, as well as its grading, had been influenced by color Doppler ultra-sonography. Adjusted odds ratios, along with their confidence interval (CI), were calculated for possible predictors within the ultimate model. P = 0.05 had been utilized to declare mathematical significance. Results: The mean chronological age of the research respondents was 60.5 ± 8.4 years. Two hundred fifty (55.5 %) sufferers were men, and two hundred (44.4%) were women. Sixty-seven (63.4%) sufferers were symptomatic. Age (adjusted odds ratio = 2.11 (2.45-3.11), high Glycated Hemoglobin (adjusted odds ratio = 3.87 (3.53-6.98)), as an ex-smoker (adjusted odds ratio = 5.78 (3.73-22.12), and present cigarette smoker (adjusted odds ratio = 10.12 (3.90-38.34)) were considerably connected with peripheral artery disease. Conclusion: The frequency of peripheral artery disease between people with diabetes was higher. Growing age, higher Glycated Hemoglobin, and smokers boost the probability of developing peripheral artery disease. Physicians must protect against peripheral artery disease, screen diabetic sufferers aged with higher Glycated Hemoglobin and people who smoke and treat them on time.
Surgery for Simple Anal Fistula under Local Anesthesia
Authors: Iqbal Javed , Jamil Tariq , Saleem Farah , Hussain Syed Aamer , Younis Sarmad , , Rashid Zakriya
Published: October 2022

Background: Infections of the anal glands, which drain into the anal crypts, account for more than 95% of all cases of anorectal abscess. Although fistula-in-ano is usually harmless, it can nonetheless cause severe pain and significantly impact patients' day-to-day lives. Even though most anorectal procedures are performed when the patient is under general or regional anesthesia, there is mounting proof that these procedures can be done safely and effectively in an outpatient setting using only local anesthesia. All procedures in the current investigation were performed with local anesthesia, specifically, 2% lidocaine and 0.5 % bupivacaine. Place and Duration of study: Departments of General Surgery, HMC Peshawar and Nishtar Hospital, Multan for the duration of six months from June 2021 to November 2021. Method: Including the time needed to inject the anesthetic, the typical surgical procedure lasted around 26 minutes. No patient reported more than a 7 on a visual analogue scale for pain on the day of surgery, or the first postoperative day. In most cases, patients spend around two days in the hospital. Results: Including the time needed to inject the anesthetic, the typical surgical procedure lasted around 26 minutes. No patient reported more than a 7 on a visual analogue scale for pain on the day of surgery, the day of surgery, or the first postoperative day. In most cases, patients spend around two days in the hospital. Conclusion: With early ambulation, good tolerability, and fewer anaesthetic problems, local fistula in- ano repair anesthesia is a safe and effective option. In-Ano Fistula, VAS, and Local Anesthetics are some of the terms that will be discussed.
Frequency of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding As Precipitant of Hepatic Encephalopathy among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Khan Muhammad Sajjad , Khan Fahim Ullah , Sohail Muhammad , Fahim Muhammad , Akhter Shakeel , Bangash Adnan , Naeem Sundus
Published: October 2022

Objective: To find frequency of upper gastrointestinal bleeding as precipitant of hepatic encephalopathy among patients with liver cirrhosis. Study design. Descriptive cross sectional study Setting: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Duration: 6 months 20th December 2018 to 20th June 2019. Material and Methods: In this study a total of 271 patients were observed. History regarding the current illness was taken from the patient or the accompanying caregivers in case patient cannot respond adequately or at all. Emphasize was on the possible precipitant of current HE episode especially symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding like hematemesis and malena. On examination; body temperature, stigmata of chronic liver disease such as hepatic flap, grading of HE and similarly presenting conditions was looked for. Results: In this study mean age was 45 years with SD ± 11.27. Fifty nine percent patients were male whle 41% patients were female. More over 10% patients had upper gastrointestinal bleed with hepatic encephalopathy among patients with liver cirrhosis. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of upper gastrointestinal bleed was 10% as precipitant of hepatic encephalopathy among patients with liver cirrhosis. Keywords: Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Liver Cirrhosis.
Comparison between Early and Standard Oral Feeding After Emergency Bowel Surgery
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Ahmad Irfan , Jamil Tariq , Hussain Syed Aamer , Younis Sarmad , Rashid Zakriya
Published: October 2022

Background: Laparotomy for small intestinal diseases accounts for a sizable proportion of all emergency operations. The perioperative outcome of these procedures may be enhanced by applying an adapted enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) regimen supported by evidence. Aim: This research aimed to appraise the outcomes of near-the-beginning feeding to those of normal eating in patients who had undergone emergency surgery on their digestive tracts (GI) or bowels. Methodology: This study was conducted at the departments of general surgery HMC Peshawar and Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Between November 2021 and April 2022, the data was collected from 84 patients who required emergency intestinal resection and anastomosis. Patients were not eligible if they had short bowel syndrome, intestinal ischemia, protracted bowel perforation, or septic shock. The patients were divided into two groups, those who began eating earlier (group E; n=44) and those who began eating later (group L; n=40). Early feeding entailed starting enteral nutrition within 48 hours of surgery. The surgical and clinical outcomes of the early feeding group were appraised to those of the late feeding cluster. Results: Bowel perforation was the most prevalent reason for surgery, and the miniature intestine was nearly all common areas affected. There was no meaningful difference in the origins, places, or interventions between the two sets of participants. Group L, on the other hand, had a much higher incidence of pulmonary issues (13.6 per cent vs 47.5 per cent, p=0.001) and an extended mean length of stay (LOS) in the ICU (2 days vs 1 day, p=0.038) and hospital (9 days vs 12 days, p=0.012).
Diagnostic Accuracy of Fact in Clinically Suspected Cases of Acute Appendicitis in Adolescents and Adults, Taking Surgical Findings as Gold Standard
Authors: Butt Hira Ashfaq , Nasim Rukhsana , Javed Khalid , Shahid Fareeha , Kanwal Nosheen , Fazli Huda , Din Islah Ud
Published: October 2022

Objective: to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FACT in clinically suspected cases of Acute Appendicitis in adolescents and adults, taking surgical findings as gold standard. Methods: A total of 335 patients referred from emergency department with clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis were enrolled at Radiology Department, Services Hospital Lahore, from April, 2016 to October, 2016. FACT was performed using multi-slice CT. The cases underwent surgery and the results were recorded. The results of Focused Abdominal Computed Tomography and surgery were compared taking surgical findings as gold standard. Results: The mean age of patients in our study was 23.01 ± 5.479. We found 278 true-positives, 50 true-negatives, 04 false-negatives results, with sensitivity of 98.6%, a specificity of 94.3%, a PPV of 98.9%, a NPV of 92.6%, and an accuracy of 98%. An alternate diagnosis was made by FACT in 40 patients (11.9%). Conclusion: FACT (focused non-enhanced abdominal computed tomography) is a highly accurate imaging modality for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adolescents and adults. Keywords: Focused Abdominal CT, Acute Appendicitis, FACT, Diagnostic Acuuracy
The Analysis of Association between Mindfulness, Religiosity, and Psychological Well-Being among Female University Students
Authors: Abbas Salbia , Hanif Rabia , Batool Iqra , Ashraf Maria , Afzal Taiba , Rafiq Asma
Published: October 2022

Objective: Psychological well-being is an essential feature of mental health. An individual’s mental health is significant as physical health. Current research is determined to explore the association between mindfulness, religiosity and psychological well-being. Methods: A sample comprised of 100 female university students was obtained through convenient sampling. A self-developed demographic sheet was administered along with 42 item Ryff psychological well-being (PWB) Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness scale (MAAS) based on 15 item, and Muslim Religiosity Personality Inventory (MRPI). For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were applied. Results: Outcomes of study reveals moderate level of significant relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being (r = 0.437) and very small correlation between (r = 0.18) religiosity and psychological wellbeing. The correlation is significant at the 0.01 level. Furthermore, the finding indicates that mindfulness will be effective for improving psychological well-being. Conclusion: In sum, it is concluded that people with high level of mindfulness have improved psychological well-being. Keywords: Mindfulness, religiosity, psychological well-being, mental health.
A Retrospective Case-Control Study on the Risk Factors of Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Khoso Sumaira , Soomro Anbia , Hashmi Saira , Malhi Pushpa , Mahar Tahmina , Bano Erum
Published: October 2022

Aim: To determine the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage. Study design:A retrospective case-control study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Bolan Medical College and Hospital Quetta from January 2021 to January 2022. Methodology: A total of 115 patients with PPH were identified in the given data.A case was categorized based on blood loss of more than 1500 mL or needing the transfusion of blood due to excessive postpartum blood loss. According to the exclusion criteria, those women who were transfused blood due to anemia were not included in the present study. A total of 225 cases were randomly chosen as controls. Those women did not report having PPH. Results: According to the data collected in our study, a total of 4695 babies were delivered in the given duration of time. Out of those, 115 were identified as cases and 225 were considered as random controls. The frequency of PPH was 2.45%. The commonest etiology of PPH was atony of the uterus (60%) and complications related to the placenta (36%). The risk factors determined to cause PPH was a positive history of PPH, anticoagulant drugs, anemia, severe pre-eclampsia, fibromas in the uterus, multiple pregnancies, and the use of assisted reproduction technologies. Conclusion: Patients having a positive history of PPH are most likely to develop severe PPH. It is the most significant risk factor. The most significant risk factor to cause severe PPH was a positive history of PPH, anticoagulation drugs, severe pre-eclampsia, anemia, multiple pregnancies, and uterine fibromas Keywords: Case-control study, postpartum hemorrhage, Risk factors, High-risk, Obstetric interventions
Trends in Maternal Mortality in Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan- A Follow up study
Authors: Fahim Fouzia , Fahim Waleed Bin , Burki Farzana , Raees Mehnaz , Lakhta Gul
Published: October 2022

Objective: To describe the trends in maternal mortality in tertiary care hospitals in the last five years and compare the mortalities in the previous ten years. Methods: All pregnant women from January 2016 to December 2020 were analyzed. The primary outcome of this research was maternal mortality ratios. Various causes of maternal mortality were also evaluated. The correlation between maternal characteristics and maternal mortality was inspected using logistic regression models. Pregnancy outcomes of mothers who died versus mothers who survived were also evaluated. Results: One hundred seventy-three maternal deaths were noted in 49283 pregnant women in 2016-2020. The average maternal mortality ratio in 5 years period was 409 per 100,000 live births. It showed a decreasing curve over the five years, from 539/100,000 live births in 2016 to 295 in 2020. Five year clusters also demonstrated a falling trend, from 856/100,000 live births to 409. Hemorrhage (34.68%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (21.38%), suspected cases of thromboembolism (20.80%) were the leading causes of maternal mortality. Pregnancy outcomes in mothers who survived and who expired were evaluated. Almost 33% of maternal deaths had stillbirths as compared to 4.69% in alive mothers (RR 6.87); similarly, unknown outcomes (RR7.56) and ectopic pregnancies (RR 3.01) were more frequent in cases of maternal demise. Conclusion: Trends in maternal mortality show a decreasing curve. Hemorrhage remains the leading cause. Attainment of SDGs requires interventions both at primary and tertiary health care. Keywords: Maternal mortality and Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), trends, causes of maternal mortality.
Bovine Escherichia coli Mastitis and Effects on Milk Microbiota
Authors: Seferoğlu Yiğit , Kırkan Şükrü
Published: October 2022

Escherichia coli is a microorganism that is found in the normal intestinal microbiota of humans and warm-blooded animals, causing intestinal or extra-intestinal infections. Many pathogenic E. coli strains can cause diarrhea, septicemia, neonatal meningitis, mastitis, urogenital system infections and various intra-abdominal, lung, soft tissue and skin infections in pets. Determining the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Escherichia coli strains isolated from animals is very important for the prevention of infections caused by E. coli. In recent years, a new animal pathotype mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC), which causes mammary gland infections in animals has been included in the extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli group. The fact that approximately %25-%35 of the use of antimicrobials in the treatment of Gram-negative agents is unsuccessful indicates that the use of correct diagnostic tools should take place in routine before etiological diagnosis. Profiles in bovine milk with mastitis suggest that clinical mastitis is associated with dysbacteriosis and that the microbial community in an intact mammary gland helps prevent intramammary infection. In this review, the change in bacterial diversity of milk microbiota due to antimicrobial use in E. coli-induced mastitis cases is discussed together with current studies.
Are all voices heard in the transition to open science?
Authors: Field Sarahanne
Published: October 2022

Talk slides for a presentation at Science Europe's Open Science conference (2022)
Genetic Diversity of Schistosoma haematobium in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors:   The University of Zambia, Tembo Rabecca , Nkhoma Panji ,   The University of Zambia, Zulu Mildred ,   The University of Zambia, Mwaba Florence ,   The University of Zambia, Yabe John ,   The University of Zambia, Halwiindi Hikabasa ,   The University of Zambia, Kamwela Moses ,   The University of Zambia, Nalubamba King S ,   The University of Zambia, Sikasunge Chummy S ,   The University of Zambia, Phiri Andrew M ,   The University of Zambia
Published: October 2022

Urogenital schistosomiasis caused by the parasite Schistosoma haematobium is the most common form of schistosomiasis. This parasite has a high potential for genetic exchange within parasite populations giving rise to the genetic diversity that is important for its survival. Genetic differences may lead to some parasite strains being more immunogenic which may have a negative impact on management and control of schistosomiasis. Therefore, understanding these genetic differences in the parasite may lead to better management of the disease. The aim of this review was to systematically review scientific literature on the genetic diversity and population structuring of S. haematobium and the methods used across sub-Saharan African countries. A literature search was done on PubMed, African Journals online and Google scholar using predefined search terms such as urinary schistosomiasis, S. haematobium, genetic diversity in sub-Saharan Africa in combination with Boolean operators (AND, OR). The search included studies published from 2000-2020 that emphasised on genetic diversity of S. haematobium in sub-Saharan Africa. A country in sub-Saharan Africa was included if had a study that determined the genetic diversity of S. haematobium Sixteen study articles from 18 sub-Saharan African countries met the inclusion criteria The genetic diversity of S. haematobium varied from low to high using different methods. Most studies conducted in these countries showed a high genetic diversity of S. haematobium 18/36 (50%) studies. Four methods namely, restriction fragment length polymorphism, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, DNA barcoding and Microsatellite markers were used to determine diversity In these studies, measures of genetic diversity such as number of alleles per minute or allelic richness, heterozygosity, number of genotypes and unique haplotypes were used. Microsatellites were the most commonly used method and the studies reported number of alleles per locus ranging from 2-19 alleles per locus and heterozygosity of 6 to 71% in some studies. . The highest number of studies were conducted in West Africa Nigeria and Zimbabwe , 4/36(11%) each. Results show the need for continued monitoring of genetic variations in S. haematobium in sub- Saharan Africa. This will aid in understanding the epidemiology of disease, advancing novel treatment and vaccine strategies.
A cross-sectional study on socio-ecological and socio-anthropological determinants of COVID-19 in Lusaka Province of Zambia
Authors:   The University of Zambia, Mumba Chisoni ,   The University of Zambia, Basikolo Linda ,   The University of Zambia, Kallu Simegnew Adugna ,   The University of Zambia, Kainga Henson ,   The University of Zambia, Mwiinde Jezreel ,   The University of Zambia, Benhard Vistorina ,   The University of Zambia, Muma John Bwalya ,   The University of Zambia, Munyeme Musso ,   The University of Zambia
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 disease constitutes a pandemic that has created an international public health emergency. Besides the significant health challenges, the impact of the COVID-19 disease has been the restriction of movements that have heavily affected the global economy. The first case of COVID-19 in Zambia was identified on March 18th, 2020. By the end of November 2020, the number of districts reporting COVID-19 infections had increased from 68 to 96, with reports of the highest transmission in the capital city, Lusaka, the Copperbelt, and Ndola districts. As COVID-19 spread across the nation of Zambia, several factors are responsible for the spread of the virus. Despite the extensive collection of research done on determinants of COVID-19 disease, the spatial distribution of the disease along socio-demographical and socio- ecological domains remains speculative and infectious diseases have been less looked into in the areas of anthropological dynamics. This study used a cross-sectional design to investigate the ecological and anthropological determinants of COVID-19 disease in four compounds in the Lusaka district of Zambia. A guided questionnaire was used to collect data from 301 participants. A descriptive analysis of all independent variables was done. Analysis for associations of dependent and independent variables and multivariate analysis of the independent variables significant at the bi-variate level was conducted to investigate the association between the dependent variable (Knowledge of anyone infected with COVID-19 virus) and the independent variables. The bi-variate analysis results showed that 14 independent variables with odds ratios greater than one were significantly associated with the spread of COVID-19. Two variables were found to be highly significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis model. These included beliefs about COVID-19 (odds = 3.0; p = 0.003; CI 1.2-3.3), and participants area of residence (odds = 2.6; p = 0.003; CI = 1.2-5.5). Other significant multivariate variables were ecological variable; climate and anthropological variables; hand hygienic practices. The current research provides further insight into the potential role ecology and anthropology contribute to the spread of communicable diseases. The study recommends awareness of the population to enhance preparedness and response to reduce the spread of COVID-19.
Willingness to take Antiretroviral Drugs in a high HIV prevalence Setting: the case of Adults living in Chawama, Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   The University of Zambia, Munthali Sharon Chongo
Published: October 2022

The willingness to take antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) has been found to be associated with several factors. We investigated the level of willingness to take antiretroviral drugs and factors likely to be associated with willingness among adults living in Chawama township. This was a cross-sectional study of 409 adult respondents aged 18 years and above, recruited by a simple random sampling method. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio- demographic data and other factors likely to influence willingness. Determinants of willingness and association between variables of interest were examined using multivariate analysis. Results revealed that about 52.8% of females and 46.9% of males participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 31years (SD±11.60). The response rate was 99%. A high level of willingness was observed, with more than 50% of participants willing to take ARVs if they were found legible for ART. Some of the key factors that were found significantly associated with willingness were the aspect of being male or female, with females being more likely to be willing than males, the perceived effectiveness of ARVs, the need for consent to begin ARV treatment with females being more likely to needing consent than men, and fear of discrimination. There is a high willingness to take antiretroviral drugs among community members suggesting a high potential to influence individual acceptability and general uptake of ARVs. Furthermore, stigmatizing attitudes and socio-cultural influences towards people taking ARVs persist and interventions to reduce these influences are needed.
Phytochemical Screening and Acute Exposure of Methanolic Bark Extract of Pterocarpus Tinctorius in Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mphande Isaac , Kataba Andrew ,   Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Muzandu Kaampwe ,   Depatment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
Published: October 2022

The bark extract of Pterocarpus tinctorius (Fabaceae) is traditionally used to treat diseases such as diabetes, gonorrhoea, hypertension, stomachache and bacterial gastroenteritis. However, little is known about toxicity and phytochemicals found in the bark of Pterocarpus tinctorius. Therefore, this study aimed at phytochemical screening and investigating acute oral toxicity of the stem bark of Pterocarpus tinctorius in Wistar rats. Wistar rats (N=3 per group) were randomly assigned to four groups: negative control, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/ kg methanolic sub-extract. A single dose was administered and female Wistar rats were observed for 14 days according to the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development guidelines for acute toxicity testing in rats. After dosing, rats were individually observed for their physical and behavioural changes throughout the study. The body weight of Wistar rats were monitored weekly and gross pathological changes of rat organs were observed. In addition, the biochemical markers and organ- body weight ratios of the kidneys and the liver were measured. Qualitative phytochemical tests were carried out to determine the types of phytochemicals present in the bark of Pterocarpus tinctorius. There were no signs of toxicity observed in all treatment groups and no abnormalities were observed on organs of rats. There was no significant difference in body weight, organ- body weight and biochemical markers with p>0.05, for the Wistar rats in all treatment groups compared to the negative control. Phytochemical tests showed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, anthocyanins and saponins in the stem bark of Pterocarpus tinctorius as compounds that could be responsible to treat diseases in traditional medicine. This study demonstrated that Pterocarpus tinctorius methanolic bark sub-extract is not acutely toxic to the liver and kidneys up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. It is highly recommended that toxicity studies on other organs of rats such as the heart, brain, pancreas and intestines are carried out.
Do “Animals” Have Histor(ies)? Can/Should Humans Know Them? A Heuristic Reframing of Animal-Human Relationships
Authors: Brandler Jacob
Published: October 2022

The Western history discipline has recently experienced a growing appreciation of animals as subjects of historical concern, part of what has been described as the “animal turn” in the humanities. While briefly examining some historiographical points related to this burgeoning trend, this article looks to the question of whether animals have history itself as a device to reframe the relationship humans have with both animals and history. Through this process, this article highlights how respecting the unknown possibility and the possibility of the unknown history from the animal perspective recasts the inquiry into “history” as a parochial human endeavor, entangled in the limits of human knowledge, perception, and frailty. It is this same human frailty that explains why humans must understand animal history if only from a human perspective—because humans have fundamentally depended on animals for their survival and development in their own history. Taking these points together, this article asserts that appreciating the existence (and weakness) of the human lens gives new meaning and a sense of humility to the inquiry into animal history, such as how animal history may be better understood in the plural (“histories”), how humans might be freed from universal history and human exceptionalism, and how this humility encourages more ethical treatment of animals.
Some Results about Cauchy Improper Integral
Authors:   Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Hajjari Arwa
Published: October 2022

The objective of this paper is to estimate the value of∫_(-1)^1〖f(x)/(x-t)^m dx ;m∈N〗 where f is convex from above and ∫_0^δ〖w(f^((m-1) ),x)/x dx<∞; fis bounded in C^((m-1) ) [-1,1].
The Impact of Gamification “Kahoot App” in Teaching English for Academic Purposes
Authors: Ali Rabea , ABDALGANE MOHAMMED
Published: October 2022

Incorporating gamification into foreign language learning is a successful and effective strategy for improving learners' level of language skills and helping them to master communication with others. This study aimed to determine the impact of Kahoot, a gamification-based technological application, on English language vocabulary for academic purposes and motivation. Thus, 60 students were selected from among the university students enrolled in the English Language for Academic Purposes course. These students were randomly split into two equal classes: the control and experimental groups. English vocabulary Test was given to both groups following a pre-test, with the experimental group receiving Kahoot instruction while the control group received traditional instruction. The teaching continued for ten weeks, after which the students were tested with a post-test on the same vocabulary learned. Moreover, a motivation scale was used to identify the effect of Kahoot in enhancing the students' motivation toward learning English for academic purposes. The results showed positive results on the extent of the positive impact (of the Kahoot learning tool based on gamification) in learning English vocabulary for academic purposes and motivation.
Did they Manage to Meet Students’ Needs? English Language Instructors’ Experiences of Remote Instruction Differentiation
Authors: Alzahrani Fahad , Zamakhshari Nahla , Elshemy Radwa
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted English language teaching (ELT) in many ways, and it has pushed language educators to the limit. Due to the shift to virtual education, the non-mediated in-person support that many instructors used to acknowledge their students’ needs, is no longer available. A question of significant relevance to this ongoing emergency shift is: How do English language instructors differentiate remote instruction? Differentiated Remote Instruction (DRI) is the pedagogical approach that is needed for successful e-learning and remote teaching. Guided by three main research questions, this study examines the adoption and challenges of differentiated remote instruction (DRI) in online classrooms by English language college instructors during COVID-19 in the Saudi context. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, and the examination is based on online surveys filled out by 172 English language instructors and a thematic analysis of six semi-structured interviews. Analysis has yielded interesting findings on the differentiation practices and challenges among virtual language instructors. Findings show that there are some factors related to 1) students; 2) instructors; and 3) technological issues that affect and challenge the implementation of DRI in EFL virtual classrooms. Moreover, despite the DRI challenges faced by the EFL instructors, they did attempt to find methods to deal with them. These methods were related to effective teaching through online platforms (LMS), early diagnosis and interventions for problem and weak learners, specific tailoring of lessons and activities, and dedicating one-on-one online sessions for students in need.
Long-term care in the context of population ageing
Authors: Tessier Lou , de Wulf Nathalie , Momose Yuta ,   International Labour Organization. Social Protection Department.
Published: October 2022

Through a life-cycle approach, social protection systems can support the prevention of disability in old age, effective access to long term-care without hardship for those in need of it and decent work in the care economy. In order to make this contribution effectively, the adoption of a gender-transformative approach will be required; for, women are disproportionately represented among both older persons and long-term care (LTC) providers in all their diversity. Furthermore, to adequately contribute to the achieving of healthy ageing and effective access to LTC without hardship as a rights-based entitlement, social protection systems will need to build strong coordination among health care, social care and other social and employment policies. This paper highlights the key entry points for social protection systems to contribute to the Decade on Healthy Ageing, building on a rights-based approach anchored in human rights and international social security standards.
Oсобенности морфологии пыльцы видов подрода Irisрода Iris L. (Iridaceae) флоры Армении
Authors:   Институт ботаники им. А. Л. Тахтаджяна НАН РА, Айрапетян А. М. , Мурадян А. Г. ,   Институт ботаники им. А. Л. Тахтаджяна НАН РА
Published: October 2022

The study of pollen morphology of 9 representatives of the subgenus Iris (Iris L., Iridaceae) of the Armenian flora was carried out. Pollen grains of all the studied species are anasulcate, large; the exine ornamentation in most species is reticulate. For the species I. pumila L., a densely finely verrucate exine ornamentation with clavate outgrowths was revealed.
Klisze miejsca utraconego. Stereotypy w tekstach literatury pogranicza polsko-ukraińskiego
Authors: Kawecka Mirosława ,   Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Chełmie (Polska)
Published: October 2022

Stereotyp może funkcjonować jako powtarzalny wzorzec i schemat obrazowania. Taki rodzaj stereotypu jako pewnej kliszy uwidacznia się w poezji twórców pogranicza polsko-ukraińskiego, których wspólnoty etniczne i rodzinne zostały głęboko doświadczone przez wydarzenia historyczne związane z II wojną światową. W swoich tekstach twórcy ci snują opowieść o utracie małej ojczyzny i rodzinnej ekumeny. Opowieść ta ma charakter uniwersalny, przejawiający się właśnie w powtarzalności stosowanych wzorców i obrazów, niezależnie od ich narodowej przynależności.
The EU-Azerbaijan relations in the gas transporting sector
Authors: Aliiev Maksym ,   National Aviation University, Kyiv (Ukraine)
Published: October 2022

The war in Ukraine changed the security landscape in Europe, the aggression of the Russian Federation also affected the energy security. For decades European elites negotiated and signed contracts for energy supplies from the Russian Federation, which gave Russia the opportunity to restore and strengthen its military capacity, and as a result, to launch an unprovoked aggression against Ukraine. Realizing the fallacy of its own energy diplomacy, the EU began searching for new and intensified relations with existing energy suppliers. The aim of this article is to analyze the role and significance of Azerbaijan as a potential supplier of gas to Europe, especially to its southern flank, where strong positions of Russian influence remain. During the preparation of the study, the international legal basis of relations between Azerbaijan and the EU was systematized and analyzed, the main supply routes of Azerbaijani gas to the European markets were determined and characterized. Prospects for deepening cooperation between the EU and Azerbaijan in the implementation of energy projects have been determined. Possible threats to the supply of Azerbaijani gas to European markets under the conditions of preservation of Russia’s influence are separately described.
Pierwsza próba. Krym między Ukrainą a Rosją (1989-1997)
Authors: Gil Andrzej ,   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II (Polska)
Published: October 2022

Artykuł porusza problem dążeń Rosji do rewizji wytworzonego w czasach radzieckich układu geopolitycznego na przykładzie Krymu. Ukazane zostały działania zarówno lokalnych środowisk politycznych, jak i władz centralnych Rosyjskiej SFRR, a później Federacji Rosyjskiej, mające na celu rewizję dotychczasowych granic i włączenie półwyspu krymskiego do Rosji. Przedział czasowy artykułu obejmuje lata od upadku Związku Radzieckiego do układu między Rosją i Ukrainą z 1997 roku.
Unia Europejska wobec problemu antysemityzmu. Wybrane inicjatywy
Authors: Kawa Magdalena ,   Państwowa Akademia Nauk Stosowanych w Chełmie (Polska)
Published: October 2022

Problem antysemityzmu, pomimo wielu inicjatyw, mających na celu jego przeciwdziałaniu, wciąż jest obecny w przestrzeni publicznej wielu państw. Dostrzeganie niebezpieczeństwa jego występowania jest niezwykle ważne i istotne. Jednak niepokojące jest to, że pomimo wielu wysiłków, które miały doprowadzić do jego zwalczenia, zjawisko to nadaj jest silne. Jedną z instytucji, która w swojej działalności koncentruje się na przeciwdziałaniu antysemityzmowi jest Unia Europejska. Celem niniejszego artykułu będzie próba przedstawienia tych inicjatyw i ocenienie na ile są one skuteczne.
Polish-English Terminology of Tariff Law as a Challenge for an ESP Translator
Authors: Dyńska Monika ,   Customs and Tax Service. The National School of Revenue Administration (Poland)
Published: October 2022

This study attempts to examine the following phenomena: translator's experience and linguistic competence (their hierarchy) in the process of translating specialist texts in the field of tariff law as well as the equivalence of translations in the above-mentioned subject matter. It was examined whether translators unfamiliar with the terminology of tariff law (without experience) make the right choice of equivalents used in both languages, and whether the increase in language competences of students of English philology with a specialization in applied translation affects the quality of translation of specialist texts and compensates for the lack of the above-mentioned experience. As expected, the terminology of the tariff law is a challenge for the translator. Only thanks to the combination of excellent knowledge of the specialized language with excellent knowledge of the source and target language, it was possible to achieve a high degree of equivalence of specialist texts in the field of tariff law. Finally, the increase in the language competences of students to some extent compensated for the lack of experience in tariff law.
Announcement System In Bus
Authors: Nikita Salunke , Sanika Chavan , Nagveni Karanje , Sakshi Kalbhor , K.S. Dr. Kazi
Published: October 2022

Transportation in relatively congested urban areas has been the focus of transit firms. But as social economies have expanded, housing has become more scarce, demanding more flexible transit services. An odometer is a device used to figure out how far a vehicle has travelled. The car's dashboard is often where the odometer is found. The long-distance mode permits longer-distance serial communication between parallel processors through two I2C-bus controllers. When the serial interface is enabled (ESO = 1), choosing this mode requires setting ES1 to logic 1. The four unidirectional lines used to communicate the I2Cbus protocol in this mode are SDA OUT, SCL IN, SDA IN, and SCL IN (pins 2, 3, 4 and 5). The stop data, announcement audio, and advertisement elements for the bus route on Google Maps are all generated by this software. The generated information will be transmitted to the Announcer device through a Wi-Fi network with an internet connection. A diffuse reflective sensor is how an ultrasonic sensor typically operates. Compared to other sensor principles, it has better background suppression.
The Icon Of Thirumalai Nayak, Hindu Bakthi Revival: A Study
Authors: Anu Mrs. A. , Chellappandian Mr. Dr.C.
Published: October 2022

As we have seen above, Hinduism was the religion of the Vijayanagar kings, and their cultural mission was to promote it in order to restore it from the devastation it had suffered during Islamic dominion. The majority of the Vijayanagar emperors were Vaishnavites, and the Nayaks were mostly Vaishnavites as well, but there is no evidence that the other Hindu religions were harmed in any way. They built both Saiva and Vaishnava temples, and both were equally well equipped. The Vaishnava schism – Vadakalai and Tenkalai – emerged during this time, culminating in the teachings of Tenkalai Acharya Manavala Mamunigal (late 14th century), who was inspired by Pillai Lokacharya in the 13th century. With its denominational and doctrinal distinctions from the other school (the Vadakalai), the Tenkalai tradition has been more Catholic and less orthodox, and has aided in the universalization of Vaishnavism.
On the Religious Sacrifice Motif in the Book of Dede Korkut Qurban of Dede Korkut
Authors: YILMAZ Gürkan
Published: October 2022

Dede Korkut Stories, which are the products of the transition from epic to folk tale, are the building blocks of oral tradition. Traditions, customs, beliefs, geographical conditions, wars with their enemies and extraordinary events of the Oghuz is told throughthe story.
In addition to encountering many motifs in the work, there is also a sacrifice motif. are encountered. There are third sacrifices motif at the Dede Korkud Stroies, which consist of twelve stories. First, the sacrifice motif in The Story of Dirse Han’s Son Boðaç Han is seen as an animal, in the second, the sacrifice motif is seen as a group of male animals in the Kam Püre Son Bamsý Beyrek Story, and in the third, in the story of Kazan Bey’s Son Uruz Being Captive, the son uses the analogy of sacrificing himself for his father.
In this study, the sacrifice motif in the mentioned stories has been examined.
REDEFINIÇÃO DO ESTADO E OS DESAFIOS DA POLÍTICA DE CARREIRA DOCENTE NA AMAZÔNIA: UMA ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DA CARREIRA E REMUNERAÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES DA REDE MUNICIPAL DE ENSINO DE ITAITUBA, NO CONTEXTO DO FUNDEF, FUNDEB E PSPN
Authors: Sousa Antonia Sueli , Olivo Gerson Dias
Published: October 2022

O artigo apresenta uma breve discussão sobre a redefinição do papel do Estado em tempos de crise do capitalismo e os desafios da política de carreira e remuneração docente na Amazônia: uma análise preliminar da carreira e remuneração dos professores da rede municipal de ensino de Itaituba-Pará, contexto do FUNDEF, FUNDEB e PSPN. Inicialmente, provocaremos  reflexões sobre Carreira e Remuneração docente no Brasil e na Amazônia com base nos estudos e publicações extraídos dos sites de referência acadêmica como a CAPES, Scielo, Anpae e Anped. Em seguida analisaremos documentos oficiais, Estatutos, Resoluções, Planos de Carreira, que legitimam o objeto em construção a partir do materialismo histórico dialético. A pesquisa qualitativa de análise documental procura responder as seguintes questões norteadoras: a) Que mudanças ocorreram na carreira e remuneração dos professores da rede municipal de Itaituba-Pa, no contexto do Fundef, Fundeb e PSPN? É possível identificar elementos de valorização na carreira e remuneração dos professores do magistério da rede municipal de ensino de Itaituba-Pa, a partir da política de fundos (Fundeb, Fundeb) e PSPN? Com base nas análises, os planos de carreira de 98 a 2012, apontam forte ligação com as mudanças ocorridas nas políticas educacionais de âmbito nacional e internacional. Os dados revelam avanços na definição da carreira, na forma de ingresso, nível Superior, por concurso público de provas de títulos, estrutura que define os níveis e classes dos docentes conforme qualificação profissional, a movimentação que garante progressão vertical e horizontal, licença para aprimoramento profissional com remuneração, 1/3 de Hora atividade incluída na carga horária de trabalho. Por outro lado, evidenciamos sérias contradições e lacunas, sobretudo, o plano atual (Lei Municipal nº 2.485/2012), que não acompanha a política de reajuste do PSPN, o que ocasiona achatamento nos salários e carreira dos professores nível Superior integrante do plano que consequentemente ocasionará um retrocesso para a luta e profissão docente no município de Itaituba.
Design, Synthesis and In vitro COX Inhibitory Profiles of A New Series of Tetrazole-based Hydrazones
Authors: Altıntop Mehlika Dilek , Sever Belgin , Temel Halide Edip , Kaplancıklı Zafer Asım , Özdemir Ahmet
Published: October 2022

Inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COXs), by selective and nonselective inhibitors, is a favorable approach for pharmacologic intervention in a variety of disorders such as cancer. For this purpose, a new class of tetrazole-hydrazone hybrids (1-12) was designed. A facile and efficient procedure was applied for the preparation of compounds 1-12, which were tested for their inhibitory activities towards cyclooxygenases (COXs) by means of an in vitro colorimetric method. The most potent and selective COX-1 inhibitors were determined as 2-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]-N'-(4-(piperidin-1-yl)benzylidene)acetohydrazide (1) (40.88±2.79%) and 2-[(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]-N'-(4-(morpholin-4-yl)benzylidene)acetohydrazide (2) (39.80±2.78%), whereas the most potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor was found as 2-[(1-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]-N'-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)benzylidene)acetohydrazide (10) (42.38±1.16%). In general, 1-methyl-1H-tetrazole moiety resulted in selective COX-1 inhibition, whereas 1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole moiety gave rise to preferential COX-2 inhibition.
Building Tourism With the Community: A Study of Local Participation Building a Tourism Village Based on Value Co Creation
Authors: Nawangsih Nawangsih
Published: October 2022

The concept of value co ceation emphasizes the different value aspects created by tourism actors (local communities) and tourists, which are carried out together to develop or provide added value to tourist villages a form of local community participation in building a value co-creation-based tourism village. Qualitative research methodology, using the literat-review method of several journals relevant to the theme of research conducted by both national journals. The results study indicate several factors to identify the potential /opportunities for the formation of a tourist village, including tourist attractions, natural resources, tourism support facilities, preservation of traditional arts, religion, facilities and infrastructure, accommodation and hospitality as well as adjustment of new rules by following strict health protocols following the principles of Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environmental Sustainability. While the challenges/problems of forming a tourist village consist of limited knowledge and information, low quality of human resources, limited knowledge of destination management, conflicts of interest and hegemony of power, lack of public awareness, limited access to tourist destinations, limited facilities, and infrastructure, the level of community participation is still low, collaboration or synergy with various parties is still low.