bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF MELATONIN AGAINST 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID TOXICITY IN KIDNEY OF MICE – A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY.
Authors: Upadhyaya Ashlesh M , Rao Mandava V , Jhala Devendrasinh D
Published: January 2018

Objective: The compound, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), is a systemic phenoxy herbicide and a plant growth regulator. Histopathological effects of 2,4-D alone and in combination with melatonin on the kidney in adult albino male mice of the Swiss strain were evaluated in the present study.Methods: Twenty adult male albino mice weighing between 30 and 40 g were assigned into four groups with five mice in each group. Group I served as control; Group II - melatonin alone (10 mg/kg body weight); Group III - 2,4-D alone (50 mg/kg body weight); and Group IV - 2,4-D + melatonin was given orally for 45 days.Results: It revealed a significant reduction in the body and kidney weights (p<0.001 and p<0.01 respectively) of mice treated with 2,4-D, while the body and kidney weights after treatment of melatonin and 2,4-D + melatonin were comparable to control. Histological study revealed that 2,4-D induced nephrotoxicity evidenced by various histological changes including shrinkage of the glomerulus, tubular dilation, hypertrophy of tubular epithelium, and degeneration of renal tubules.Conclusion: Treating animals with the melatonin along with 2,4-D showed mitigative effects of melatonin and minimized the structural alteration in the kidney of mice appeared due to 2,4-D toxicity.
FOLIC ACID, VITAMIN B12, AND DNA METHYLATION: AN UPDATE.
Authors: Varma Bhongir Aparna , Bashetti Srilatha , Vijayaraghavan Rajagopalan , Sailesh Kumar Sai
Published: January 2018

Epigenetics is one of the exciting and fastest expanding fields of biology; this is above genetics. Methylation is the process involved in the transfer of methyl group to amino acids, proteins, enzymes and DNA of all the cells, and tissues of the body. During cell-division low folate availability may result in decreased production of thymidine wherein uracil may be substituted in the place of thymidine in the DNA sequence. It was reported that folate and Vitamin B12 restricted diet resulted in aberrant methylation patterns. The current review was undertaken to explore the role of folic acid and Vitamin B12 in DNA methylation.
HISTORY OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE: A MEDICAL INHERITANCE.
Authors: Adhikari Partha Pradip , Paul Satya Bhusan
Published: January 2018

Objective: Indian Traditional Medicine, the foundation of age-old practice of medicine in the world, has played an essential role in human health care service and welfare from its inception. Likewise, all traditional medicines are of its own regional effects and dominant in the West Asian nations; India, Pakistan, Tibet, and so forth, East Asian nations; China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and so forth, Africa, South and Central America. This article is an attempt to illuminate Indian traditional medical service and its importance, based on recent methodical reviews.Methods: Web search engines for example; Google, Science Direct and Google Scholar were employed for reviews as well as for meta-analysis.Results: There is a long running debate between individuals, who utilize Indian Traditional Medicines for different ailments and disorders, and the individuals who depend on the present day; modern medicine for cure. The civil argument between modern medicine and traditional medicines comes down to a basic truth; each person, regardless of education or sickness, ought to be educated about the actualities concerning their illness and the associated side effects of medicines. Therapeutic knowledge of Indian traditional medicine has propelled various traditional approaches with similar or different theories and methodologies, which are of regional significance.Conclusion: To extend research exercises on Indian Traditional Medicine, in near future, and to explore the phytochemicals; the current review will help the investigators involved in traditional medicinal pursuit.
QUERCETIN AND ELLAGIC ACID IN GASTRIC ULCER PREVENTION: AN INTEGRATED SCHEME OF THE POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF ACTION FROM IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: Kotob Soheir El Sayed , Sayed Alaa , Mohamed Safaa , Ahmed Hanaa
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present study was initiated to describe the gastroprotective role of quercetin (Qu) and ellagic acid (EA) on aspirin-induced gastric ulcer (GU) in rats.Methods: Forty adult female albino rats of Wistar strain were distributed into: Control group, GU group, Omeprazole group, Qu group, and EA group. Gross examination, biochemical analyses including serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serotonin (ST), ferritin, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), and fibronectin (FN) levels were estimated. Moreover, histopathological and histochemical examinations of stomach tissue samples were carried out.Results: Gross examination of gastric mucosa of rats in GU group revealed hyperemia of the stomach mucosa. Furthermore, rats in GU group experienced a significant rise in serum ACTH, ferritin, HO-1, IL-2 and AGEs levels accompanied with significant drop in serum ST and FN levels versus control counterparts. Pre-treatment of GU group with Omeprazole, Qu or EA caused marked improvement in the measured biochemical parameters. Histopathological and histochemical examinations of stomach tissue samples documented the protective action of Omeprazole, Qu and EA with different degrees against GU caused by aspirin.Conclusion: As a conclusion to this study, we can state that both Qu and EA have gastroprotective effect against aspirin-induced GU in rat model. Of note, Qu showed superior impact than EA as an antiulcer agent in this study. The corresponding mechanisms are speculated to be associated with inhibiting stress-induced gastric lesion, attenuating the oxidative stress, iron chelation and blunting ferritin level, modulating inflammatory cascade, and promoting the healing process.
PSIDIUM GUAJAVA: A NOVEL PLANT IN THE SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS.
Authors: C Sharmila , R Ranjith Kumar , B Chandar Shekar
Published: January 2018

Objective: Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly green route approach and to study the antibacterial activity of AgNPs against human pathogens.Methods: Green route approach is used to synthesize AgNPs using Psidium guajava leaf extract. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was used to identify the presence of the functional group. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the structure of prepared AgNPs. Energy dispersive X-ray was used to the characteristic to the composition of the prepared nanoparticles. Size and morphology of the prepared AgNPs were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Antibacterials efficiency of prepared AgNPs was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by well diffusion methods.Results: FTIR study shows the presence of different functional groups present in the leaves mediated AgNPs. The XRD studies yield diffraction peaks corresponding to face-centered cubic structure of Ag crystals. Spherical shaped AgNPs with a particle size of about ~55 nm were evidenced using FESEM and TEM analysis. Energy dispersive spectrum of the synthesized AgNPs confirms the presence of silver in the prepared nanoparticles. From UV-VIS analysis it is shown that the absorption band was red-shifted from 430 nm to 456 nm. The prepared AgNPs shows good antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.Conclusions: P. guajava leaf extract is a potential reducing agent to synthesize AgNPs. The green synthesis approach provides cost-effective and eco-friendly nanoparticles, which could be used in biomedical applications.
MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT PLANT CLEOME GYNANDRA: A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EXPLANATION
Authors: Adhikari Partha Pradip , Paul Satya Bhusan
Published: January 2018

Cleome genus includes 601 plant species from the family Cleomaceae. Of more than 600 plants, 206 (34.3%) plants are having accepted species names. Cleome gynandra Linn. is a well-known medicinal plant with traditional and pharmacological importance. A good number of secondary plant metabolites have also been isolated from different parts of C. gynandra. Our investigation confirms two mutant varieties of C. gynandra exists in India. Accordingly, the objective of this study was designed to critically evaluate the pharmacological and phytochemical evaluation of C. gynandra of two mutant variety, to provide a consolidated platform for research potential of both the mutant varieties of C. gynandra. Careful scrutiny reveals that the plant possesses a huge range pharmacological applications, such as anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, anticancerous, immunomodulator, and antidiabetic agents. To arrive its pharmacological importance the published papers also shown an enormous amount of phytochemicals endorsement. Scientific perusal reveals different parts of the plant has an immense medicinal importance which proofs its traditional use round the glove. But in North-Eastern region of India, the same plant abundantly found in pink mutant variety. To date, there is not much research investigation for this mutant variety to validate its pharmacological importance. Therefore, research needs to scrutinize and compare the medicinal claims of the pink mutant variety in the bio-diverse region of North-East India.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF STABILITY OF THAI PURPLE RICE BRAN-BASED COSMETIC PRODUCTS
Authors: Chaiyasut Chaiyavat , Kesika Periyanaina , Sakdakampanat Poomchon , Peerajan Sartjin , Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram
Published: January 2018

Objective: The rice bran (RB) phytochemicals are known for several pharmacological properties.  The current study aimed to extract the active principles from Thai purple rice bran, formulate the cosmetic products, evaluate the physical property, and stability of the products.Methods: The RB was prepared by 80% ethanolic extraction, and measured the total phenolic and anthocyanin content by HPLC, and spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity of RB oil (RBO), RB extract (RBE) was assessed by spectrophotometric methods. The cosmetic products were formulated with rice bran extract and fermented and distilled purple rice solution (FDPRS). The stability of the formulations was assessed. The heavy metal and microbial contamination were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and plating assay, respectively.Results: The yield of PRE and RBO was 0.92, and 1.62%, respectively. The total phenolic and anthocyanin content of PRE was 305.30 ± 6.15 mg gallic acid/g of extract, and 877.33 ± 87.73 mg cyanidin chloride /g of extract, respectively. RBO, PRE, and FDPRS exhibited high antioxidant capacity. The cosmetic formulations were physically stable in the heat-cool cycle, and the stability of active compounds was not affected while stored at 30°C for two months. The storage temperature affected the phenolic compounds present in the cosmetic formulations, especially at 45°C. There was no significant decrease in oryzanol content of soap formulation. All the formulations were free microbial and heavy metal contamination.Conclusion: The rice bran phytochemical based cosmetic products are rich in antioxidants, stable, free from heavy metals and microbial contaminations, and further fine tuning of the formulation may achieve the market quality.
EFFECTIVENESS OF C1-C2 SUSTAINED NATURAL APOPHYSEAL GLIDE COMBINED WITH DRY NEEDLING ON PRESSURE POINT THRESHOLD AND HEADACHE DISABILITY IN CERVICOGENIC HEADACHE.
Authors: Patra Ramesh Chandra , Mohanty Patitapaban , Gautam Ajay P
Published: January 2018

Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling and mulligan C1-C2 sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) in increasing pressure point threshold and reducing headache disability in patients with CGH.Methods: This study was conducted on 150 patients. They were divided into three groups for the purpose of the study. Group A was referred to as the dry needling group. They were subjected to dry needling for treating the pain. Group B was the manual therapy group. The patients in this group were subjected to C1-C2 SNAGs. Group C was the combined group. Patients belonging to this group were given C1-C2 SNAGs along with dry needling.Results: Statistical analysis paired t-test was used for comparison of the mean within every group where it showed significant improvement in all the parameter (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a consistent reduction in tenderness and improvement in disability of the patients belonging to all groups. However, Group C, where the patients were subjected to combined treatment, showed better results. Results of this study indicate that dry needling along with mulligan C1-C2 SNAGs is more beneficial in patients suffering from cervicogenic headaches.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF WHOLE PLANT EXTRACTS OF SESUVIUM PORTULACASTRUM L
Authors: Chintalapani Sathvika , M. S. Swathi , Narasu Mangamoori Lakshmi
Published: January 2018

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to screen the phytochemicals, estimate the content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, and determine the antioxidant capacity of the Sesuvium portulacastrum L. (S. portulacastrum).Methods: The crude bioactives were extracted from the dried powder of S. portulacastrum in an orbital shaker using ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, and diethyl ether solvents. Rotaevaporator was used to concentrate the extracts. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was estimated spectrophotometrically using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride reagents, respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine the in vitro antioxidant capacity.Results: Phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of major classes of phytochemicals. Total phenolic content (TPC) expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged from 14.42 (ethanol extract) to 54.05 (diethyl ether extract) mg GAE/g dry weight. Total flavonoid content expressed as quercetin equivalents (QE) ranged from 22.03 (hexane extract) to 56.70 (methanol extract) mg QE/g dry weight. Antioxidant activity determined by different assays is highest in diethyl ether extract. A positive correlation (0.7241≤ r ≥0.8419) was found between the TPC and antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 scavenging assays. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation (0.722≤ r ≥0.999) between all the pairs of antioxidant assays.Conclusion: Diethyl ether extract showed the highest TPC and antioxidant potential among all the extracts of S. portulacastrum. Further research has to be done to isolate the pure bioactive compound that has high antioxidant potential.
VALERIANA OFFICINALIS: A REVIEW OF ITS TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Authors: Nandhini Sundaresan , Narayanan Kasthuri Bai , Ilango Kaliappan
Published: January 2018

Valeriana is a well-known Indian traditional medicinal herb with sleep remedy. It has been used over the years to treat nervine and sedative in hysteria, epilepsy, and sedative in nervous anxiety. It has also been used as an aromatic stimulant and reported some distinctive indications, as well as its use for rheumatism, low-grade fevers, and aphrodisiac. It has been known to grow well in regions of Europe, parts of Asia and North America. This systematic review focuses on the ethnopharmacological uses of Valeriana, including recent advances on the phytochemical and pharmacological study of Valeriana officinalis. In addition, future developments and scenarios in the study of the plant have been proposed. Various literature and electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Wiley were searched and data obtained. Other online academic libraries such as Google Scholar and ethnopharmacological literature were searched systematically for more information on the plant. In this paper, we have reviewed various research conducted on V. officinalis especially in areas of its ethnopharmacological use, phytochemicals, and pharmacology. This plant has been used medicinally for a minimum of 2000 years. It is used in the treatment of brain disorder and also used for the treatment of varied nervous disorders, antispasmodic, anthelmintic, diuretic, diaphoretic, and emmenagogue, and hysteria. More research is needed in the area of pharmacokinetics and toxicology to give further information on the clinical use and control the quality of the plant.
EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF MURRAYA KOENIGII AND CORIANDRUM SATIVUM LEAVES EXTRACT IN ANIMAL MODEL.
Authors: J Kartik Salwe , R Mirunalini , Mano Jervin , K Manimekalai
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii and Coriandrum sativum leaves and compared it with standard drug in an animal model.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extracts of M. koenigii and C. sativum leaves were obtained using Soxhlet apparatus. The central analgesic property was screened by hot plate method in mice and tail flick method in rats. The pain reaction time (PRT) was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min. The peripheral analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing in mice.Results: In hot plate method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. C. sativum leaves extract showed significant increase in PRT only at 60 and 120 min compared to control group. In tail flick method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses, higher dose of C. sativum leaves extract and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract (200 mg/kg) was comparable with standard drug tramadol in both the methods. M. koenigii leaves extract at both dose showed significant reduction in the number of writhing but C. sativum leaves extract failed to show any significant reduction in the number of writhing compared with control. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract was comparable with standard drug tramadol.Conclusion: M. koenigii leaves extract showed both peripheral and central analgesic effect while C. sativum leaves extract showed only peripheral analgesic effect.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OXIDANT AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH NEPHROPATHY IN SAUDI POPULATION.
Authors: Nagarajrao Ramprasad , Alharbi Samir Abdulkarim
Published: January 2018

Objective: Oxidative stress has crucial role in pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and is widely recognized as the most common cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) seen in clinical practice. Chemically, oxidative stress occurs as a result of increased levels of lipid peroxides and free radical intermediates, as well as a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity. This study analyzed the relationships between oxidant and antioxidant markers of DN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: A descriptive study was taken during the period from November 2016 to August 2017. The present study included 53 patients suffering from T2DM without nephropathy and 51 patients T2DM with nephropathy along with 69 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Various biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured and compared.Results: The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urea, creatinine, microalbuminuria, and MDA levels were significantly increased (p<0.001), and antioxidant enzyme activities such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CTL) were significantly decreased (p<0.001) in T2DM with nephropathy patients followed by T2DM without nephropathy and control groups. There were a good negative correlations of HbA1c and GPx (r=−0.79), SOD (r=−0.61) and CTL (r=−0.74) (p≤0.05), whereas there was an excellent positive correlation of MDA concentration (r=0.85, p≤0.05) with HbA1c levels in diabetes with nephropathy.Conclusion: The study illustrated that, in diabetic patients, there is an increased concentration of lipid peroxides which may contribute to decreased levels of cellular antioxidant enzymes, further leading to T2DM with nephropathy. Hence, monitoring of these antioxidant enzymes and microalbuminuria parameters in the early stage of diabetic patients could be vital importance in possible preventing further development of complications. We suggest potential and new multiproperty antioxidants therapy as one of the most important treatment strategies for diabetic patients without nephropathy for the prevention and slowing of diabetic with nephropathy before reaching to ESRD.
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF EPALRESTAT ON MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED TYPE-2 DIABETIC RATS USING DIFFERENT BEHAVIORAL MODELS.
Authors: Jaiswal Shruti , Ss Torgal , Mishra Sanjay
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of epalrestat (EPS) on memory and learning in type-2 diabetes.Methods: Sixty percent high-fat diet for 2 weeks and a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg, ip) was used to induce memory impairment in rats. Once the diabetes is confirmed, test drug (EPS - 13.5, 27, and 54 mg/kg, oral) and donepezil (1 mg/kg, oral) were administered to different groups of rats for 4 weeks followed by an assessment of memory and learning deficit using behavioral paradigms: Elevated plus maze (EPM), Morris water maze (MWM), and passive avoidance test.Results: EPS and donepezil showed significant improvement in learning and memory of rats, as indicated by markedly decreased escape latency to reach a hidden platform and increased time spent in target quadrant using MWM task, reduced transfer latency in EPM, and also there is a significant increase in the transfer latencies using passive avoidance test were noted. Memory-enhancing activity of EPS (13.5, 27, and 54 mg/kg) was comparable with the diabetic control group.Conclusion: The study findings suggest that memory-enhancing effect of EPS may be mediated by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This recommends the potential effect of EPS therapy as a useful memory restorative agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease seen in type-2 diabetes rat.
Spatial modeling of air pollution based on data streams from geosensor networks
Authors: Savinikh V.P. , Maiorov A.A. , Materuhin A.V.
Published: January 2018

The article is a brief summary of current research results of the authors in the field of spatial modeling of air pollution based on spatio-temporal data streams from geosensor networks. The urban environment is characterized by the presence of a large number of different sources of emissions and rapidly proceeding processes of contamination spread. So for the development of an adequate spatial model is required to make measurements with a large spatial and temporal resolution. It is shown that geosensor network provide researchers with the opportunity to obtain data with the necessary spatio-temporal detail. The article describes a prototype of a geosensor network to build a detailed spatial model of air pollution in a large city. To create a geosensor in the prototype of the system, calibrated gas sensors for a nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations measurement were interfaced to the module, which consist of processing unit and communication unit. At present, the authors of the article conduct field tests of the prototype developed.
Earning on Response Coefficient in Automobile and Go Public Companies
Authors: Arifin Lisdawati
Published: January 2018

This study aims to analyze factors that influence earnings response coefficients (ERC), simultaneously and partially, composed of leverage, the systematic risk (beta), growth opportunities (market to book value ratio), and the size of the firm (firm size), selection of the sample in this study the author take 12 automakers and components that meet the criteria of completeness of the data from the year 2008 to 2012, entirely based on consideration of the following criteria: (1) the company's automotive and components are listed on the stock exchange, (2) have the financial statements years 2008-2012 (3) has a return data (closing price) the first day after the date of issuance of the financial statements. This study uses secondary data applying multiple linear regression models to analyze and test the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable partially (t-test), simultaneous (f-test), and the goodness of fit (R-square) on a research model. The result shows that leverage, beta, growth opportunities (market to book value ratio) and size along with (simultaneously) the effect on the dependent variable (dependent variable) earnings response coefficients. Partially leverage negatively affect earnings response coefficients, partially beta negatively correlated earnings response coefficients, partially growth opportunities (market to book value ratio) significant effect on earnings response coefficients, partially sized companies (firm size) significantly influence  earnings response coefficients.Keywords: earnings response coefficients, leverage, systematic risk (beta) Growth opportunities, size of the company
Productive Zakat of Baznas Yogyakarta on the Growth of Micro Business
Authors: Faisal Agus , Yuliani Irma
Published: January 2018

This empirical study aims to determine the impact of the productive zakat, infaq and sadaqah (ZIS) on the growth of micro business and the welfare of mustahiq in Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (Baznas) branch of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Applying structural equation modeling partial least square (PLS SEM), it confidently aims to verify the factors that influence the mustahiq welfare. The data of the research had systematically gathered by distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents and analytically processed by SmartPLS 3.0. This paper found that the productivity of ZIS took significantly positive influence on the growth of micro business and the welfare of mustahiq. In other words, the financial capital given to mustahiq able to improve micro business through developing the employment. Keywords: zakat, infaq, sadaqah, micro business, SmartPLS, Baznas, Yogyakarta
Sakofa: Evaluating Zakat Microfinance Program
Authors: - Rakhmawati
Published: January 2018

Zakat microfinance (ZMF) is an alternative to the limitation of zakat institution and microfinance institution in empowerment program. To make sure the zakat microfinance is on the track and to boost its performance and its benefit, evaluation is needed. This study aims to do an operational evaluation of productive zakat program formed in the micro-economic empowerment program named Sakofa (Madrasah Ekonomi Dhuafa/ School for Economics of the Poor) of Dompet Dhuafa Yogyakarta. Primary data were gathered from Sakofa beneficiaries in Sleman, Bantul, and Gunung Kidul. The findings show that all monetary aspects are better after running the program. Using ADePT software, headcount index, poverty gap, poverty severity, Watts index, and the average time taken to exit poverty are lower after doing the program. Altruism and saving behavior are better after Sakofa Program is implemented. Unfortunately, mustahiq were lack of discipline and desire to be independent. The effectiveness of counseling material on religiosity is the lowest. In short, Sakofa Program has a good performance in improving their prosperity. Keywords: productive zakat, zakat microfinance, poverty alleviation, empowerment, poverty index
Risk of Infection in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Compared With the General Population: A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Carey Iain M. , Critchley Julia A. , DeWilde Stephen , Harris Tess , Hosking Fay J. , Cook Derek G.
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE

We describe in detail the burden of infections in adults with diabetes within a large national population cohort. We also compare infection rates between patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A retrospective cohort study compared 102,493 English primary care patients aged 40–89 years with a diabetes diagnosis by 2008 (n = 5,863 T1DM and n = 96,630 T2DM) with 203,518 age-sex-practice–matched control subjects without diabetes. Infection rates during 2008–2015, compiled from primary care and linked hospital and mortality records, were compared across 19 individual infection categories. These were further summarized as any requiring a prescription or hospitalization or as cause of death. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) between 1) people with diabetes and control subjects and 2) T1DM and T2DM adjusted for age, sex, smoking, BMI, and deprivation.

RESULTS

Compared with control subjects without diabetes, patients with diabetes had higher rates for all infections, with the highest IRRs seen for bone and joint infections, sepsis, and cellulitis. IRRs for infection-related hospitalizations were 3.71 (95% CI 3.27–4.21) for T1DM and 1.88 (95% CI 1.83–1.92) for T2DM. A direct comparison of types confirmed higher adjusted risks for T1DM versus T2DM (death from infection IRR 2.19 [95% CI 1.75–2.74]). We estimate that 6% of infection-related hospitalizations and 12% of infection-related deaths were attributable to diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

People with diabetes, particularly T1DM, are at increased risk of serious infection, representing an important population burden. Strategies that reduce the risk of developing severe infections and poor treatment outcomes are under-researched and should be explored.
Automatic Samples Selection Using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) Feature Distance
Authors: Salfikar Inzar , Sulistijono Indra Adji , Basuki Achmad
Published: January 2018

Finding victims at a disaster site is the primary goal of Search-and-Rescue (SAR) operations. Many technologies created from research for searching disaster victims through aerial imaging. but, most of them are difficult to detect victims at tsunami disaster sites with victims and backgrounds which are look similar. This research collects post-tsunami aerial imaging data from the internet to builds dataset and model for detecting tsunami disaster victims. Datasets are built based on distance differences from features every sample using Histogram-of-Oriented-Gradient (HOG) method. We use the longest distance to collect samples from photo to generate victim and non-victim samples. We claim steps to collect samples by measuring HOG feature distance from all samples. the longest distance between samples will take as a candidate to build the dataset, then classify victim (positives) and non-victim (negatives) samples manually. The dataset of tsunami disaster victims was re-analyzed using cross-validation Leave-One-Out (LOO) with Support-Vector-Machine (SVM) method. The experimental results show the performance of two test photos with 61.70% precision, 77.60% accuracy, 74.36% recall and f-measure 67.44% to distinguish victim (positives) and non-victim (negatives).
Classification of Radical Web Content in Indonesia using Web Content Mining and k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Subhan Muh , Sudarsono Amang , Barakbah Ali Ridho
Published: January 2018

Radical content in procedural meaning is content which have provoke the violence, spread the hatred and anti nationalism. Radical definition for each country is different, especially in Indonesia. Radical content is more identical with provocation issue, ethnic and religious hatred that is called SARA in Indonesian languange. SARA content is very difficult to detect due to the large number, unstructure system and many noise can be caused multiple interpretations. This problem can threat the unity and harmony of the religion. According to this condition, it is required a system that can distinguish the radical content or not. In this system, we propose text mining approach using DF threshold and Human Brain as the feature extraction. The system is divided into several steps, those are collecting data which is including at preprocessing part, text mining, selection features, classification for grouping the data with class label, simillarity calculation of data training, and visualization to the radical content or non radical content. The experimental result show that using combination from 10-cross validation and k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) as the classification methods achieve 66.37% accuracy performance with 7 k value of kNN method[1].
Korean Drama Constructing Multiculturalism among Muslim Women Students
Authors: Hidayati Okta Nurul , Saputro M. Endy
Published: January 2018

Abstract

This paper aims to understand the unique relationship between Korean drama and the formation of multicultural identity among Muslim women students. On the one hand, as a form of racial activity, watching Korean dramas can establish a new form of identity while at the same time enriching a new perspective of building multicultural sense. On the other hand as a part of Muslim, they can control Korean culture that is incompatible with Islamic doctrine. This paper argues that adopting Korean dramas positively supports students in creating multicultural cultures. These findings may contribute to the formation of cultural diversity within the Islamic context.
Caracterizando Questões de Química em Processos Avaliativos de Larga Escala: Uma Análise Comparativa
Authors: Broietti Fabiele Cristiane Dias , Filho Ourides Santin , Passos Marinez Meneghello
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo trazemos os resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou evidenciar as relações de natureza didático-pedagógicas e avaliativas na área de Química, tendo por base de estudo questões de Química de um vestibular e do ENEM. Esses exames foram considerados, pois possibilitam o acesso ao Ensino Superior. Para a análise das questões assumimos os procedimentos das análises textuais e orientamos nossas interpretações segundo quatro critérios: conteúdos químicos; competências/habilidades; aspectos contextuais e aspectos estruturais. Com a análise das questões e com base nos documentos oficiais, identificamos que as questões do ENEM contemplam tópicos relacionados a aplicações cotidianas do conhecimento científico e a problemas sociais e ambientais que não encontram correspondentes explícitos no programa do vestibular. As competências e habilidades são exigidas de forma mais ampla e diversificada no ENEM. No que diz respeito aos contextos, foram constatadas diferenças significativas nas questões desses dois exames, enquanto a maioria das questões do ENEM apresenta algum tipo de contexto, privilegiando principalmente problemas socioambientais e questões relacionadas à tecnologia, 40% das questões do exame vestibular não fazem referência a qualquer contexto. Quanto à estrutura das questões, notamos que 50% das questões, em ambos os exames, apresentam algum tipo de recurso gráfico, no entanto,no ENEM há uma maior diversidade.
Constituição e Mobilização de Saberes Docentes: Perscrutando Práticas de Professores de Biologia no Ensino Médio
Authors: Confortin Renata , Caimi Flávia Eloisa
Published: January 2018

O presente estudo circunscreve-se no campo da epistemologia da prática e se justifica pela necessidade de apreender os processos de constituição profissional e de apropriação e mobilização de saberes dos professores, com vistas a analisar as práticas que se desenrolam no cotidiano das escolas e das salas de aula. No esforço de identificar as especificidades que caracterizam a prática de dois professores de Biologia no ensino médio, investigou-se como se constituem e mobilizam seus saberes docentes na confluência das experiências familiares, escolares, formativas e sociais. O caminho metodológico foi percorrido a partir da triangulação entre três procedimentos: a história de vida, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação de aulas. Depreende-se, dos percursos desses professores, a influência de seus educadores ao longo da escolarização básica e superior. A experiência também ocupa lugar central na constituição de seus saberes enquanto professores de Biologia. No que concerne aos modos de mobilização de saberes, compreende-se que os percursos são muito particularizados em função,dentre outros fatores que apareceram menos evidentes, da fase em que se encontram na carreira. A professora experiente parece mobilizar saberes mais especificamente na gestão da classe, ao passo que o professor novato o faz na gestão da matéria. Ainda, evidencia-se que a prática destacada dos dois professores investigados é marcada pelo gosto de exercer a docência, por um profundo carinho pelos alunos, pela importância que atribuem ao ser professor, pela responsabilidade com que assumem a condução da sala de aula.
PISA as a Challenge for Science Education: Inherent Problems and Problematic Results from a Global Assessment Regime
Authors: Sjøberg Svein
Published: January 2018

We experience the emergence of a global educational reform movement, where the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) through its project PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) has become the key driver. PISA and its focus on league tables and rankings influence educational debates and educational policy world-wide. The OECD is, with PISA as the main instrument, emerging as a kind of global ministry of education, promoting theirown standardized curriculum and system of quality assessment. PISA is designed to be used by the 30+ modern, highly developed countries in the OECD, but is also used by some 40 less developed non-OECD countries as a benchmark for their education system. This influence of OECD will be further widened by a version of PISA that will target developing countries, “PISA for development”. This instrument has the same underlying assumptions and ideals as PISA: the main concern is the national economy, not the personal development of the learner. There is also the underlying assumption that competition is always good, and that a free-market economy always promotes quality. The increasing role taken by the OECD is pushing aside the influence of international organization with different agendas and ideals, like UNESCO and UNICEF. Since studies like PISA by design cannot identify causal relationships behind neither success nor failure, the educational consequences of the studies are not clear. In many countries, PISA results are used to legitimize market-driven reforms, control of the teachers, payment by test results for teachers and principals, erosion of the public school system, privatization and the introduction of more testing regimes.In this development, the OECD now operates in close contact with the world’s largest commercial company in the education sector, Pearson Inc. The success of PISA as an instrument of governance is currently expanded also to target schools and their teaching in a more direct way: a PISA-like instrument, “PISA for Schools” is developed for local use, for schools and school districts, enabling them to compare their own schools to “PISA winners”. This development may also create anxiety and concern not only at the national or federal level, but also at the local level. This test is also a commercial product, opening up a large and untapped market.
Revisão Sistemática de Trabalhos sobre Concepções de Natureza da Ciência no Ensino de Ciências
Authors: Azevedo Nathália Helena , Scarpa Daniela Lopes
Published: January 2018

A natureza da ciência (NdC) tem sido apontada como um componente importante do ensino de ciências, pois o conhecimento sobre a ciência pode contribuir para a tomada de decisões do cidadão contemporâneo. Há poucos trabalhos de revisão com caráter quantitativo no campo da educação em ciências. Dada a importância do tema e considerando a necessidade de organizar e compreender o conhecimento produzido pelas pesquisas sobre concepções de NdC, realizamos uma revisão sistemática, segundo os princípios do PRISMA, a fim de quantificar e iniciar uma reflexão sobre (i) as tendências de publicação de trabalhos sobre concepções de NdC, (ii) as principais características desses trabalhos, (iii) os aspectos de NdC frequentemente elencados como importantes para o ensino e (iv) as principais estratégias usadas para acessar as concepções de NdC. Analisamos 396 artigos publicados até fevereiro de 2015, nos periódicos de Ensino e Educação da lista WebQualis 2013. Nossa revisão sistemática representou um esforço inicial para expor um panorama geral da área e permitiu identificar tendências e lacunas de pesquisa. Esforços de investigação são necessários para o levantamento de concepções de NdC no contexto brasileiro e associados ao ensino de disciplinas específicas. Encontramos 25 aspectos de NdC relatados como importantes para o ensino, abordamos parte do debate acerca dos consensos e das listas de aspectos de NdC e trouxemos características gerais dos principais questionários usados para o levantamento de concepções de NdC.
UJI KINERJA SISTEM PEMANTAUAN VOLUME BIOGAS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO PADA BIODIGESTER TIPE FLOATING DRUM [Test Performance of Monitoring System Based on Arduino Microcontroller in Floating Drum Type Biodigester]
Authors: Setiawati Diah Ajeng , Putra Guyup Mahardhian Dwi , Sugandi Wahyu Kristian
Published: January 2018

This research aimed to monitor biogas volume produced in floating drum type biodigester. The experiment used mixed cow dung and water of 1:2. The designed Arduino microcontroller based monitoring system used HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and MQ4 gas sensor respectively for monitor the floating drum distance and produced biogas. Parameter observed were ADC value and input voltage of distance sensor (volt); biogas concentration (ppm); sensor distance to the floating drum (cm); biogas volume (cm3); biogas temperature (Â°C); and water height difference in manometer (mm). Result showed that the designed monitoring system based on Arduino could work properly and displayed the biogas production on the LCD.

Keywords: arduino, biogas, floating drum, monitoring

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memantau volume biogas yang terbentuk pada biodigester tipe floating drum. Sistem pemantauan yang dirancang berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonik HC SR04 dan sensor gas MQ4 berturut-turut untuk memantau jarak floating drum dan biogas terbentuk. Parameter yang diamati adalah nilai ADC dan tegangan input sensor jarak (volt); konsentrasi biogas (ppm); Jarak sensor ke floating drum (cm); Volume biogas (cm3); suhu biogas dalam biodigester (Â°C), suhu lingkungan (Â°C); dan beda tinggi air dalam manometer, h (mm). Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan campuran kotoran sapi dan air dengan rasio 1 : 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemantauan berbasis Arduino yang dirancang dapat bekerja dengan baik dan mampu menampilkan produksi biogas yang terbentuk pada LCD. 

Kata kunci: arduino, biogas, floating drum, pemantauan
Potenzial von Sentinel-2-Satellitendaten für Anwendungen im Waldbereich
Authors: Weber Dominique , Ginzler Christian , Flückiger Stefan , Rosset Christian
Published: January 2018

The potential of Sentinel-2 satellite data for forest applications

Sentinel-2 satellite data have been freely available since the end of 2015. The high spatial resolution, the global coverage, the frequent revisit times and the important spectral bands for vegetation analyses open up new perspectives for forest applications. In this study, the potential of Sentinel-2 was investigated through application examples in the forest enterprise of Burgergemeinde Bern on the Swiss Plateau. For this purpose the determination of the deciduous or coniferous proportion, the recording of interventions, as well as the early detection of natural disturbances were tested. Reference data from the forest enterprise (forest inventory, map of harvesting measures, delimitation of a wildfire) were used as training data and for the validation of the results. By using Sentinel-2 data from three different dates, 56% of the variation of the deciduous or coniferous proportion could be explained by a regression model. This model was much better than those that used data from one or two time steps only. The distinction of pure deciduous and coniferous stands achieved an accuracy of 90%. The detection of interventions determined by the differences in the spectral information of Sentinel-2 data from two acquisition dates was highly compliant with the information from the forest enterprise. This was also confirmed by the detection of a forest fire area, which highlights the potential of Sentinel-2 for the early and large-scale detection of natural disturbances.
Prospects and retrospects of land use system through agroforestry practices in Meherpur district, Bangladesh
Authors: Hosain MS , Islam MW
Published: January 2018

The study aims to explore the prospects and retrospects of land use system through agroforestry practices in Meherpur district, Bangladesh. It particularly focuses on some aspects of land uses of the study area like land use pattern, land ownership, choices of species for agroforestry, farmers’ perceptions towards agroforestry, status and prospects of agroforestry practices. This study was carried out by using mixed method followed by a semi-structure questionnaire. A total of 100 respondents were selected by using snowball purposive sampling method. The study revealed that agriculture was the major occupation (50%) of the selected respondents. Of the total land used by selected respondents, 21% land were used for agroforestry, 69% for agriculture and remaining 10% for homestead purposes. Most of the farmers (60%) were small landholders (1 to 5 acres) and 18% had lesser than 1 acre land. Among them 76% had their own land followed by 8% leased land and 16% both own and leased land. They preferred agroforestry in their homestead (92%), agricultural land (65%), water body (31%) and fallow land (18%). The farmers were practicing different types of agroforestry such as cropland, homestead and aquaculture with boundary plantation by mixing trees, agricultural crops and vegetables in their farmlands to receive diversified outcomes. A remarkable change in land use pattern was found after adopting agroforestry practices in this study area. Maximum respondents practiced agro-forestry in their homestead and croplands. Most of the land (67%) was used for agriculture cultivation while a very small amount of land was used as agroforestry in the study area.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 1-6, December, 2017
Effect of varieties and growing environments on tuber yield, nutritional and process quality of potato grown in bale highlands, south eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Soboka Shure , Asefa Getachew , Beriso Mohammed
Published: January 2018

The highland of Bale is known with potato production, but post harvest quality of the crop is not emphasized yet. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate six potato varieties with the objective of assessing the effect of varieties and growing on tuber nutritional and process quality of potato grown in Sinana and Dinsho highlands of Bale. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The varieties showed highly significant (P<0.05) differences for all the parameters studied across the locations. The highest specific gravity, dry matter content and starch content (1.107, 26.61 and 19.19) were recorded from Dinsho location for Guddene variety while the lowest specific gravity, dry matter content and starch content (1.084, 19.41 and 14.61) were recorded from Sinana location for Ararsa variety. Most of the varieties were recorded as the highest values of specific gravity, dry matter and starch content at Dinsho indicating that it is an ideal location for potato production to be used for processing while Sinana is suitable for the production for home consumption. However, it is necessary to evaluate these varieties for a number of seasons and locations to recommend with high post harvest quality parameters required by the processors.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 18-21, December, 2017