bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing RDEVS Simulation Models from Textual Specifications
Authors: Espertino Clarisa , Blas Maria Julia , Gonnet Silvio
Published: November 2022

The Routed DEVS (RDEVS) formalism provides a formalization for routing process simulation. This paper presents the mapping between constrained network models obtained from textual specifications of routing processes and RDEVS simulation models implemented in Java. The proposal is part of a work-in-progress intended to develop M&S software tools for the RDEVS formalism using well-known abstractions to get the computational models attached to such abstraction models through conceptual mapping. Then, modelers can have simulation models without needing to codify any routing implementation. Benefits are i) reduction of implementation times and ii) simulation model correctness regarding the RDEVS formalism.
Avaliando Distribuições de Dados
Authors: Silva Carlos H. B. da , Larangeira Glauce H. S. , Maciel Paula Marisa da C. P. F. , Panetta Jairo
Published: November 2022

Apresentamos uma ferramenta que avalia distribuições de dados em programas para máquinas de memória distribuída, por meio de simulações de sua execução. Argumentamos a importância da distribuição na eficiência da computação, fruto de seu impacto no escalonamento dos processadores e no volume de trocas de mensagens. Concluímos que a ferramenta, embora modesta, é extremamente útil para testar distribuições de dados.
Protocolo “Snoopy” adaptativo para um Sistema Multiprocessador Baseado em Hierarquia de Barramentos
Authors: Ordoñez Edward D. M. , Delgado Martha X. T. , Santos Celso A . S. , Kofuji Sergio T.
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta e descreve um protocolo adaptativo de coerência de cache baseado nos esquemas "snoopy" para um sistema multiprocessador de memória compartilhada baseado na hierarquia de barramentos. O protocolo permite diminuir o tráfego adicional na rede produzido pelas ações de coerência e se adapta dinamicamente ao compartilhamento e aos padrões de referência que variam amplamente para os diferentes programas aplicativos. A sua avaliação de desempenho é feita com uma análise comparativa com os protocolos Dash e SCI (baseados em esquemas diretórios).
Arquitetura Maciçamente Paralela para a Estimulação de Movimento através da Correlação de Blocos
Authors: Nascimento Fernando Rosa do
Published: November 2022

Neste artigo é apresentado uma arquitetura maciçamente paralela para resolver o problema de estimação de movimento através da técnica de correlação exaustiva de blocos. Este problema é bastante atual visto o desejo mundial de se implantar o mais rapidamente possível uma televisão de alta definição (HDTV). A arquitetura desenvolvida é do tipo sistólica e se propõe a resolver em tempo real o problema proposto, sem com isto penalizar a organização de memória necessaria a manter o fluxo de E/S dos processadores.
Integrando as Otimizações de Acessos a Dados e de Paralelismo
Authors: Midorikawa Edson T. , Sato Liria Matsumoto
Published: November 2022

Pesquisas anteriores têm adotado o uso de transformações de programa para aproveitar o paralelismo e explorar a localidade de dados. Infelizmente, ambos os objetivos têm sido considerados de maneira independente. Este trabalho apresenta meios para utilizar eficazmente o paralelismo e a hierarquia de memória dos modernos processadores paralelos. Os resultados experimentais utilizando alguns estudos de caso mostram que nossa estratégia resulta em ganhos significativos de desempenho.
Serializability Improves Parallel Execution of Production System
Authors: Amaral José Nelson , Ghosh Joydeep
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a new production system architecture that uses serializability as a correctness criterion to select a set of productions to be executed in parallel. The use of serializability eliminales global synchronization. This architecture takes advantage of modern associative memory devices to allow parallel production firing, concurrent matching, and overlap among matching, selection, and firing of productions. A comprehensive event driven simulator is used to evaluate the scaling properties of the new architecture and to compare it with a parallel architecture using global synchronization before every production firing. Our results indicate that the combination of serializability and associative memories can achieve substantial improvements in speed with a very modest increase in hardware cost.
Derivação Formal de Algoritmos Distribuídos Utilizando Propriedades de Progresso
Authors: Di Iorio Vladimir O. , Carvalho Osvaldo S. F.
Published: November 2022

Uma estrutura de dados distribuída possui n componentes, uma em cada sítio de um sistema distribuído (nós de uma rede de computadores). A correção de uma estrutura de dados distribuída é freqüentemente expressa através de um predicado que deve ser mantido invariante. Uma técnica formal para derivação de estruturas de dados distribuídas especificada por um invariante é descrita, cuja correção é definida por um predicado global. Utilizando uma rede com dois nós, mostramos que qualquer predicado é equivalente a uma desigualdade sobre um domínio parcialmente ordenado adequadamente escolhido. O modelo é aplicado a um meio de comunicação onde as mensagens podem ser perdidas ou duplicadas, mas a ordem de envio é preservada. São derivados algoritmos para solucionar problemas entre dois nós em um meio como esse, utilizando um formato mínimo para as mensagens trocadas entre os nós.
Um Ambiente de Programação e Depuração para um Processador SIMD
Authors: Roxo Maria Fernanda Eppinghaus Belford , Cruz Adriano Joaquim de Oliveira , Cruz Maurício Abud Seabra da
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma visão geral do ambiente desenvolvido para programação e depuração de programas paralelos para o projeto PRIMATA, que é uma pesquisa em arquiteturas SIMD. O ambiente desenvolvido usando-se C, X-Windows e Motif, é portável, fácil de instalar e usar. Usuários podem controlar e observar quase todos os recursos da máquina. Uma linguagem assembly parecida com as usadas nos microprocessadores mais comuns está disponível.
Uso do Comando Doall e Vetorização de Mensagens em Máquinas com Memória Distribuida
Authors: Sena Alexandre da Costa , Nascimento Aline de Paula , Maciel Paula Marisa da C. P. F. , Panetta Jairo , Amorim Claudio
Published: November 2022

Apresentamos um estudo, a partir de resultados obtidos, da distribuição das iterações do comando doall para gerar a carga de trabalho de cada processador em máquinas paralelas com memória distribuída. Essa implementação foi feita em paralelo com a vetorização de mensagens para otimizar parte da comunicação entre os processadores. Argumentamos a importância de uma nova técnica para geração da carga de trabalho de cada processador já que nem sempre a regra owner computes, amplamente usada, é justa. Concluímos que em certas aplicações a distribuiçio das iterações é importante para que processadores não fiquem ociosos, além de reduzir a quantidade de tempo gasta com troca de mensagens.
Avaliação de Desempenho de um Computador a Fluxo de Dados Massivamente Paralelo
Authors: Luiz e Silva Jorge , Motoyama Shusaburo , Kirner Cláudio
Published: November 2022

Este artigo apresenta a avaliação de desempenho de um Computador a Fluxo de Dados Massivamente Paralelo baseado em barramentos paralelos hierárquicos. Neste Computador, um programa a fluxo de dados é executado através da alocação das operações a fluxo de dados em vários elementos de processamento do computador. O computador é composto por um conjunto de barramentos paralelos dispostos de maneira hierárquica, que permite a execução de programas a fluxo de dados, é de fácil expansão e flexibilidade. O computador tem um mecanismo de tolerancia a falhas por software e hardware, tal que ele pode trabalhar como uma máquina confessável. Vários aspectos do computador tais como: arquitetura, estrutura do software, estratégias de tolerancia a falhas e avaliação da performance são discutidos neste artigo.
Um Servidor de Nomes Distribuído
Authors: Frölich Antônio Augusto , Corso Thadeu Botteri , Fausto Luis Fernando
Published: November 2022

Este artigo descreve um servidor de nomes distribuído que permite mapear nomes de objetos em identificadores, independentemente de suas localizações. Esse servidor permite definir espaços de nomes locais ou global, conforme as necessidades do usuário. Ele incorpora um mecanismo de autenticação que, após validar uma solicitação, fornece ao cliente uma chave que pode ser usada por outros servidores como critério de segurança. A versão atual do servidor de nomes deve ser utilizada especificamente como servidor de nomes de arquivos no sistema de arquivos distribuído PYXIS, que adota o mecanismo de autenticação para validar requisições a todos os seus servidores componentes. Essa versão suporta um espaço hierárquico de nomes distribuído que é apresentado aos usuários como uma árvore de diretórios.
Um sistema de execução de programas paralelos orientados a objetos em sistemas distribuídos
Authors: Senger Hermes , Sato Líria Matsumoto
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de rotinas para execução de programas paralelos, implementados em uma linguagem orientada a objetos, sobre aglomerados de estações de trabalho. A estratégia adotada na distribuição dos objetos do programa paralelo, leva em conta a heterogeneidade e a presença de outros usuários no aglomerado.
A parallel solution for systems of integral equations
Authors: Pasin Marcelo , Padoin Edson Luiz
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a parallelization of a numeric method for solving systems of integral equations. The algorithm was originally developed to find transitions of superconductor properties based on environment conditions. The sequential numerical method presents a wide range of parallelization levels, with irregular processing costs. A parallel implementation of it has the oportunity of adapting the parallel grain, compromising load-balancing and communication, and achieving better efficiency.
Parallel Calculation of Properties of Magnetic Impurities in Metais
Authors: Sonoda Eloiza , Travieso Gonzalo
Published: November 2022

The computation of physical properties of dilute magnetic alloys is a computationally intensive task. In principie, it consists on the diagonalization of a huge matrix. Through the use of a suitable base and of the renormalization group method, the diagonalization can be simplified to the iterative diagonalization of a set of smaller matrices (of the order of some hundreds of lines and columns). The resulting problem is nevertheless still too large if enough precision is desired. We describe here the parallel implementation of an algorithm for this problem in a duster. The results show that the implementation achieves good reduction of execution times, but lacks speedup and scalability due to load balancing problems. We analyze these problems and suggest paths to their resolution.
Parallel Implementation of Elliptic Curve Method for Integer Factorization Using Message-Passing Interface (MPI)
Authors: Wolski E. , S. Filho Joel G. , Dantas M. A. R.
Published: November 2022

One of the most prominent systems for securing eletronic information, known as RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) [RIV78], relies upon the fact that it is computationally difficult to factor a large integer into its component prime integers. lf an efficient algorithm is developed that can factor any arbitrarily large integer in a reasonable amount of time, the security value of the RSA system would be nullified. In this paper we present the Elliptic Curve Method for integer factorization and results of its parallel implementation using Message-Passing Interface (MPI).
Branch Prediction X Performance: an analysis on Superscalar Processors
Authors: Pizzol Guilherme D. , Pilla Maurício L. , Navaux Phillipe O. A.
Published: November 2022

Simulation is the most used and efficient method to design new processors. It can reproduce and consider the parameters and variables of a real processor execution. Branch prediction is one of these parameters, being very important in the research and design of newer and better processors. In this way, this paper presents a study on the impact of the branch prediction accuracy in the final performance of superscalar architectures. The results were obtained by simulation, using some of the integer and floating-point benchmarks (ammp, equake, gcc, gzip, mesa, vpr) provided by SPEC2000. Simprevar, a variable accuracy branch prediction simulator based on one of the simulators included in the SimpleScalar Tool Set, was used to simulate different prediction accuracies. Our simulations results leads us to conclude that, in some situations, it is better enlarging the hardware than trying to get better accuracy predictors, achieving very similar results.
Adaptive Techniques for Home-based Software DSMs
Authors: Whately Lauro , Pinto Raquel , Rangarajan Muralidharan , Lftode Liviu , Bianchini Ricardo , Amorim Claudio L.
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes and evaluates Home-based Adaptive Protocol (HAP), a software distributed shared-memory system. HAP performs two key functions that distinguish it from most other distributed shared-memory systems: detection of sharing patterns and behavior adaptation based on these patterns. Detection consists of identifying any change in the sharing pattern of a shared page. Adaptation consists of using a strategy that is specific to the sharing pattern detected to optimize the performance of the system. More specifically, HAP uses updates to maintain the coherence of single-writer pages, which fall under the migratory and producer-consumer sharing patterns. Invalidations are used to maintain the coherence of multiple-writer pages, which can potentially be falsely shared. As part of HAP's adaptation strategy, we dynamically assign homes to pages based on their sharing patterns. We performed preliminary experiments on an 8-node cluster of PCs. Our results show that the current implementation of HAP substantially improves the performance of single-writer applications in which shared pages are modified in critical sections protected by locks. The results also indicate potential improvement in the performance of applications exhibiting other sharing patterns such as producer-consumer, single-writer between barriers. However, the detection and adaptation techniques for these patterns have to be redesigned to exploit the real performance gains that can be achieved with the adaptive system.
Die Entwicklung des Formatradios in Deutschland
Authors: Heckl Harald
Published: November 2022

Are German music-based radio stations really converging and offering the same kind of content? Is there actually no difference between the stations? Do their content and music really appeal to their target group? And does the perfect flow of music exist? ‘German-Format Radio Analysis’ is written for scheduling and music managers and goes deep into radio research and programming. It focuses on content and flow and presents new methods of analysing rotations and flows of music. The author, Harald Heckl, has been an employee at different radio stations for decades and is known as a critic of decreasing content on the radio and of computer-based music programming.
Propiedades psicométricas de medidas de desempeño clínico para evaluar la movilidad en sujetos con secuela de traumatismo encefalocraneano
Authors: Tomadín Romina , Candoni Gerardo , Coronel Tugnoli Elizabeth Yanina , Scaminaci Russo Federico , Valdez Marcos Ceferino Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Identificar y resumir las propiedades psicométricas de medidas de desempeño clínico para evaluar movilidad en sujetos con traumatismo craneoencefálico (TEC). Materiales y método: El diseño fue una revisión sistemática y se siguieron las recomendaciones de las guías COSMIN y la declaración PRISMA. Criterios de inclusión: estudios publicados en cualquier idioma que evalúen la movilidad, el desempeño y las propiedades psicométricas en sujetos con diagnóstico de TEC, mayores de 15 años. Criterios de exclusión: estudios que incluyan instrumentos para medir sus resultados en funciones y estructuras corporales, medidas autoreportadas, reportes de adaptación transcultural únicamente y diseñados para su evaluación a través de medios computarizados. Registro PROSPERO: CRD42020161430. Resultados: Se incluyeron 13 artículos sobre 9 evaluaciones. La herramienta de evaluación de la movilidad de alto nivel (HiMAT) presentó confiabilidad alta. La prueba de marcha de 10 metros y la prueba de marcha de 6 minutos presentaron un error de medición muy alto. La sensibilidad al cambio fue evaluada en 2 artículos y categorizada como muy baja. La consistencia interna resultó alta para la HiMAT revisada. Conclusión: Las propiedades psicométricas analizadas fueron confiabilidad, consistencia interna, error de medición, validez de constructo, validez de contenido y sensibilidad al cambio, de las cuales la primera fue la propiedad más evaluada. Sugerimos, a partir de los resultados hallados, la utilización de la HiMAT y HiMAT revisada para evaluar la movilidad en sujetos con TEC.
“Jewish Existence as a Category of Being”: Revisiting Franz Rosenzweig’s Influence on Levinas’s Work
Authors: Richter Silvia ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2022

This article reconsiders the influence of Rosenzweig’s thought on Levinas’s work in the light of the captivity notebooks (Carnets de captivité), as well as the lectures given shortly after the war at the Collège philosophique. Levinas’s ongoing dealings with Rosenzweig are discussed in two ways: first, by analyzing the articles he explicitly dedicated to Rosenzweig and, second, by identifying elements of Rosenzweig’s thought in Levinas’s work that are not explicitly mentioned therein. By combining these two approaches, I show that Rosenzweig’s work offered Levinas an ontological narrative that contrasts with Heidegger’s analysis of Dasein, and it motivated a concept of a new mode of transcendence linked to Judaism. Language, as spoken words produced face-to-face, plays a crucial role in this context: just as it opens up the mute Self into a loving Soul in The Star of Redemption, it is the face that speaks in Levinas, opening up the relationship to the Other and the “beyond of being.”
ENSINO POR COMPETÊNCIA E METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS: REPERCUSSÃO NA EFETIVAÇÃO DAS AULAS REMOTAS ADOTADAS DURANTE A PANDEMIA COVID-19.
Authors: Fischer Marta Luciane , Noya Mariana Grassi , Greca Ana Cristina Seixas , Bahten Aline Cadena Von
Published: November 2022

As aulas remotas se constituíram da estratégia de enfrentamento da pandemia Covid-19 demostrando fragilidades latentes do ensino mundial quanto às desigualdades ao acesso à tecnologia. Partindo da concepção de que algumas instituições já haviam instituído o ensino por competência e metodologias ativas com uso de tecnologia, questionou-se a compatibilidade com os processos intrínsecos às aulas remotas. Foram realizadas análises quali e quantitativas sobre a percepção, argumento e desempenho de 156 estudantes do 1º e 7º períodos do curso de ciências biológicas de uma instituição privada do sul do Brasil submetidos a aulas presenciais em 2018 e 2019 e aulas remotas em 2020. Por meio de questionário online, os estudantes relataram os sentimentos relacionados à pandemia, benefícios e limitações das aulas remotas e avaliaram o aprendizado, a eficiência das metodologias ativas e do ensino por competência. Embora os estudantes tenham demostrado sentimento de tristeza e frustração com o afastamento social identificaram benefícios nas aulas remotas relacionados com a comodidade e mobilidade e limitações como acessibilidade e qualidade da conexão. Contudo, não indicaram limitações metodológicas e impacto negativo no aprendizado, mostrando identificação com a disciplina, receptividade e compreensão das mudanças emergenciais, valorizando a performance dos docentes e o comprometimento pessoal. Conclui-se que as sociedades contemporâneas demandam de instituições, docentes e acadêmicos preparados para um ensino que vise a autonomia e a resiliência diante de questões emergenciais, no qual se entende que o aprendizado pode ser atingido por diferentes trilhas, enaltecendo a construção do conhecimento como competência fundamental.
Escola em movimento: A aprendizagem pode “andar” por outro caminho
Authors: Schmitz Heike , Silva Danilo , Tejada Julian
Published: November 2022

Em diferentes áreas de conhecimento científico e em diversos países, sobretudo em países desenvolvidos, a “Escola em Movimento” se tornou objeto de estudo. Este artigo objetiva apresentar diversas razões teóricas e evidências prévias que levam a recomendar a inserção de atividades físicas em sala de aula. Após uma revisão científica da literatura, considerando predominantemente estudos da Alemanha, resumimos razões a favor da integração de atividade física, oriundas da ergonomia, da fisiologia, da pedagogia da saúde, da educação para a segurança, da ecologia da escola, da teoria educacional, da vida infantil, da antropologia, da psicologia do desenvolvimento e da aprendizagem. Diferenciamos entre atividades de ensino que acompanham a aprendizagem e que facilitam a aprendizagem. A Escola em Movimento promete efeitos positivos no desenvolvimento individual, social e escolar da criança e do jovem. Parece plausível que o movimento contribui na aprendizagem. Isso se justifica teoricamente e está sendo verificado empiricamente, uma vez que o Estado do Conhecimento ainda não se apresenta conclusivo.
Surdez audível: narrativas docentes sobre o ingresso de um estudante na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Di Blasi Felipe , Capelli Jane de Carlos Santana , Dutra Flávia Barbosa da Silva , Rumjanek Vivian Mary Barral Dodd
Published: November 2022

A universidade brasileira foi composta historicamente por estudantes detentores de uma base sólida de conhecimento tanto em seu ambiente doméstico quanto escolar. Dessa forma, poucos brasileiros alcançaram o nível superior. Na década de 2010, observou-se a democratização do ensino superior por meio de políticas afirmativas, como a Lei de Cotas, que viabilizou o acesso de estudantes oriundos da educação pública, além de diferenciais de renda e distinções étnico-raciais. No ano de 2016, a política de cotas foi ampliada para as pessoas com deficiência. Na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, no primeiro semestre de 2018, o ingresso de um estudante Surdo, por meio da Lei de Cotas, motivou inúmeras discussões, reflexões e ações de responsabilidade social, em prol de sua acessibilidade e inclusão, uma vez que ele tem a Língua Brasileira de Sinais como primeira língua e possui pouco conhecimento da língua portuguesa. Assim, o presente estudo analisou a centralidade das narrativas pela perspectiva docente acerca do ingresso do estudante Surdo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, por entrevista semiestruturada. Foram utilizados o método de Análise de Conteúdo sobre os resultados de processamento oriundos do software de análise textual Iramuteq. Os participantes da pesquisa foram dez docentes que estavam próximos ao estudante no primeiro semestre de 2018. Concluímos que a trajetória acadêmica do estudante, apesar de parecer mais justa quando assegurada por políticas redistributivas de acesso ao ensino superior, demonstra também, total falta de reconhecimento e atendimento individualizado para sua acessibilidade.
Ergonomics problems in dental profession-dentists working position
Authors: Pejčić Nataša , Petrović Vanja , Dimitrijević-Jovanović Nina , Rakić Mia , Đurić-Jovičić Milica , Poštić Srđan , Perunović Neda
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Dental professionals are under higher risk of development musculoskeletal disorders. Working in unnatural position is one of the main risk factor for the development of MSDs. The aim of study was to record inclinations of the back in dentists during typically dental work. Material and Methods: In order to monitor the inclination of the body, high-performance sensor systems, triaxial digital 12-bit accelerometers LIS3LV02 (SGS-Thomson Microelectronics, USA) were installed. The inclination of the body was measured in ten dentists, while performing dental work. Results: During dental work in a sitting position, sloping back more than 20 ̊ was during 74% of the time, while during standing 62% of the time. The participants performed the dental examination sloping to the left side. During sitting, the inclination to the left side was greater than 20 ̊ during 65% of the time, while during work in the standing position it was 50%. Conclusions: An inclination of the back, more than 20 degrees is state as one of the main risk factor for the development of MSD. Inclination of the dentist's body in antero-posterior and medio-lateral direction during daily work in standing as well in sitting position was greater than 20 degrees. According to those facts dentists are under risk of developing musculoskeletal diseases during their daily working procedure. According to that ergonomics in dentistry is an area of research that needs more attention. The implementation of ergonomic principles in usual dental work leads to increased work performance, greater satisfaction, efficiency and productivity
Migrant workers and workforce integration: Challenges for managers in European companies
Authors: Vasić Mile , Duica Mircea , Berber Nemanja , Enukidze Nino , Vasić Sergej , Weis Lidija
Published: November 2022

Background: In contemporary economies the migrant workforce is increasing around the world and represents a challenge both for domestic economies, companies and economic flows. The emergence of the European labor market highlighted a major lack of a qualified workforce and a rapid spread of migrant workers especially in the labor intensive economic sectors. In this perceptive, by striving to attract foreign workers with unique and complementary skills, knowledge, and ideas to the workplace, managers encounter many obstacles. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify challenges managers in European companies face in the process of attracting and managing migrant workers. In this article, we analyze the impact of the migrant workforce on the internal labor market transformations and identifying the main managerial challenges for the European companies and management during the attracting, mobilizing and managing the migrant workers in economic system. Study design/methodology/approach: The authors evaluate both the existent assumptions in literature and conduct a systematic review of the managerial approaches in the field. A quantitative approach was employed. The data that contains responses from 1,127 managers from ten European countries, five EU and five non-EU member states, was collected between August 2021 and April 2022. Findings/conclusions: The main study results reveal that the most common obstacles and challenges that managers face occur in the process of recruitment, socialization and integration, training and development, workplace operations, and innovation. The study recommends a permanent focus of company management on these issues. It also lays the foundations for a theoretical framework that provides a better understanding of the significance of creating efficient and specific management policies for foreign workers based on employee diversity. Limitations/future research: The present study is limited in scope as the sample only includes managers from ten countries. Each research question can represent a broad enough basis for independent research, so this work opens up the possibility for numerous researches that can be treated as a continuation and expansion of the existing work.
ARTSEDUCA 33_Ana M. Vernia
Authors: Vernia Carrasco Ana Mercedes
Published: November 2022

ARTSEDUCA, en su n. 33 vuelve a mostrar importantes investigaciones y experiencias que refuerzan los objetivos y las metas que la Agenda 2030 de la Organización de Nacio- nes Unidas, necesita conseguir. Cada vez más, se pone en valor la necesidad de contar con el ARTE más allá de la educación, en la propia sociedad, no obstante, es fundamental que en las principales etapas educativas, la educación artística llegue de la mano de los especialistas, y se prolongue a las personas más mayores, respondiendo al significado del aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida.
Security Requirements Specification and Tracing within Topological Functioning Model
Authors: Nazaruka Erika
Published: November 2022

Specification and traceability of security requirements is still a challenge since modeling and analysis of security aspects of systems require additional efforts at the very beginning of software development. The topological functioning model is a formal mathematical model that can be used as a reference model for functional and non-functional requirements of the system. It can also serve as a reference model for security requirements. The purpose of this study is to determine the approach to how security requirements can be specified and traced using the topological functioning model. This article demonstrates the suggested approach and explains its potential benefits and limitations.
Precision Livestock Farming IT Support Model for the Poultry Industry
Authors: Ņikitenko Agris , Bāliņa Signe , Dubrovskis Andrejs , Andersone Ilze , Birzniece Ilze
Published: November 2022

The presented work proposes a practical approach to bird weight data processing and augmentation to enable production outcome forecast model training, which contributes to higher productivity. We suggest using the parametrized model, where parameter values are found through genetic optimization and thus are closely corresponding to broiler body weight factual measurements. The proposed approach is implemented as a stand-alone software system, exposing the models through containerized web services enabling different use scenarios.
The interpretation of computational model parameters depends on the context
Authors: Eckstein Maria Katharina , Master Sarah L , Xia Liyu , Dahl Ronald E , Wilbrecht Linda , Collins Anne GE
Published: November 2022

Reinforcement Learning (RL) models have revolutionized the cognitive and brain sciences, promising to explain behavior from simple conditioning to complex problem solving, to shed light on developmental and individual differences, and to anchor cognitive processes in specific brain mechanisms. However, the RL literature increasingly reveals contradictory results, which might cast doubt on these claims. We hypothesized that many contradictions arise from two commonly-held assumptions about computational model parameters that are actually often invalid: That parameters generalize between contexts (e.g. tasks, models) and that they capture interpretable (i.e. unique, distinctive) neurocognitive processes. To test this, we asked 291 participants aged 8–30 years to complete three learning tasks in one experimental session, and fitted RL models to each. We found that some parameters (exploration / decision noise) showed significant generalization: they followed similar developmental trajectories, and were reciprocally predictive between tasks. Still, generalization was significantly below the methodological ceiling. Furthermore, other parameters (learning rates, forgetting) did not show evidence of generalization, and sometimes even opposite developmental trajectories. Interpretability was low for all parameters. We conclude that the systematic study of context factors (e.g. reward stochasticity; task volatility) will be necessary to enhance the generalizability and interpretability of computational cognitive models.
Translational rapid ultraviolet-excited sectioning tomography for whole-organ multicolor imaging with real-time molecular staining
Authors: Yu Wentao , Kang Lei , Tsang Victor TC , Zhang Yan , Wong Ivy HM , Wong Terence TW
Published: November 2022

Rapid multicolor three-dimensional (3D) imaging for centimeter-scale specimens with subcellular resolution remains a challenging but captivating scientific pursuit. Here, we present a fast, cost-effective, and robust multicolor whole-organ 3D imaging method assisted with ultraviolet (UV) surface excitation and vibratomy-assisted sectioning, termed translational rapid ultraviolet-excited sectioning tomography (TRUST). With an inexpensive UV light-emitting diode (UV-LED) and a color camera, TRUST achieves widefield exogenous molecular-specific fluorescence and endogenous content-rich autofluorescence imaging simultaneously while preserving low system complexity and system cost. Formalin-fixed specimens are stained layer by layer along with serial mechanical sectioning to achieve automated 3D imaging with high staining uniformity and time efficiency. 3D models of all vital organs in wild-type C57BL/6 mice with the 3D structure of their internal components (e.g., vessel network, glomeruli, and nerve tracts) can be reconstructed after imaging with TRUST to demonstrate its fast, robust, and high-content multicolor 3D imaging capability. Moreover, its potential for developmental biology has also been validated by imaging entire mouse embryos (~2 days for the embryo at the embryonic day of 15). TRUST offers a fast and cost-effective approach for high-resolution whole-organ multicolor 3D imaging while relieving researchers from the heavy sample preparation workload.
Role of neuroinflammation mediated potential alterations in adult neurogenesis as a factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Post-Acute COVID-19 syndrome—A narrative review
Authors: Saikarthik Jayakumar , Saraswathi Ilango , Alarifi Abdulaziz , Al-Atram Abdulrahman A. , Mickeymaray Suresh , Paramasivam Anand , Shaikh Saleem , Jeraud Mathew , Alothaim Abdulaziz S.
Published: November 2022

Persistence of symptoms beyond the initial 3 to 4 weeks after infection is defined as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). A wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms like anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders and cognitive disturbances have been observed in PACS. The review was conducted based on PRISMA-S guidelines for literature search strategy for systematic reviews. A cytokine storm in COVID-19 may cause a breach in the blood brain barrier leading to cytokine and SARS-CoV-2 entry into the brain. This triggers an immune response in the brain by activating microglia, astrocytes, and other immune cells leading to neuroinflammation. Various inflammatory biomarkers like inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, acute phase proteins and adhesion molecules have been implicated in psychiatric disorders and play a major role in the precipitation of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Impaired adult neurogenesis has been linked with a variety of disorders like depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and dementia. Persistence of neuroinflammation was observed in COVID-19 survivors 3 months after recovery. Chronic neuroinflammation alters adult neurogenesis with pro-inflammatory cytokines supressing anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines favouring adult neurogenesis. Based on the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms/disorders in PACS, there is more possibility for a potential impairment in adult neurogenesis in COVID-19 survivors. This narrative review aims to discuss the various neuroinflammatory processes during PACS and its effect on adult neurogenesis.
Examining abnormal Silurian trilobites from the Llandovery of Australia
Authors: Bicknell Russell D.C. , Smith Patrick M.
Published: November 2022

Abnormal trilobites present insight into how arthropods with fully biomineralised exoskeletons recovered from injuries, genetic malfunctions, and pathologies. Records of abnormal Silurian trilobites in particular show an abundance of specimens with teratologies and a limited record of injuries. Here we expand the record of abnormal Silurian trilobites by presenting seven new abnormal specimens of Odontopleura (Sinespinaspis) markhami from the early Silurian (Llandovery, Telychian) Cotton Formation, New South Wales. We use these specimens to illustrate novel evidence for asymmetric distribution of pleural thoracic spine bases. These abnormal bases likely reflect genetic complications, resulting in morphologies that would unlikely have aided the fitness of abnormal individuals. In considering records of malformed Silurian trilobites more broadly, we propose that the largest trilobites may have been prey at this time. This indicates a possible change in the trophic position of trilobites when compared to Cambrian and Ordovician palaeoecosystems.
Cigarette smoking induces the activation of RIP2/caspase-12/NF-κB axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Qian Yajie , Wang Wenmei , Chen Deyan , Zhu Yanan , Wang Yong , Wang Xiang
Published: November 2022

Cigarette smoking is one of the major risk factors for the occurrence and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2) has been involved in mucosal immunity and homeostasis via a positive regulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcription factor activity. Caspase-12 can bind to RIP2 and dampen mucosal immunity. However, the roles of RIP2/NF-κB and caspase-12 in OSCC induced by cigarette smoking remain unknown. Herein, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on the RIP2/NF-κB and caspase-12 in human OSCC tissues and OSCC cell lines (HSC-3). We first observed that RIP2 mediated NF-κB activation and caspase-12 upregulation in OSCC patients with cigarette smoking and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated HSC-3 cells, respectively. Moreover, we confirmed that the downregulation of RIP2 by siRNA resulted in the reduction of caspase-12 expression and NF-κB activity in the presence of CSE treatment in vitro. In summary, our results indicated that cigarette smoking induced the activation of the RIP2/caspase-12/NF-κB axis and it played an important role in the development of OSCC. The RIP2/caspase-12/NF-κB axis could be a target for OSCC prevention and treatment in the future.
Association of Hydroxychloroquine Dose With Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Jimenez Alejandra Londono , Valle Ana , Mustehsan Mohammad Hashim , Wang Shudan , Law Jammie , Guerrero Maria Salgado , Mowrey Wenzhu B. , Horton Daniel B. , Briceno David , Broder Anna
Published: November 2022

Objective

To determine whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose is associated with adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods

Patients with SLE taking HCQ and with ≥1 echocardiogram followed at a tertiary care center in the Bronx, New York between 2005 and 2021 were included. The HCQ weight‐based dose at the HCQ start date was the main exposure of interest. The outcome was incident all‐cause heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), life‐threatening arrhythmia, or cardiac death. We used Fine‐Gray regression models with death as a competing event to study the association of HCQ dose with the outcome. Due to a significant interaction between smoking and HCQ exposure, models were stratified by smoking status. Propensity score analysis was performed as a secondary analysis.

Results

Of 294 patients, 37 (13%) developed the outcome over a median follow‐up time of 7.9 years (interquartile range [IQR] 4.2–12.3 years). In nonsmokers (n = 226), multivariable analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and thromboembolism showed that higher HCQ weight‐based doses were not associated with an increased risk of the outcome (subdistribution hazard ratio [HR] 0.62 [IQR 0.41–0.92], P = 0.02). Similarly, higher baseline HCQ doses were not associated with a higher risk of the outcome among smokers (n = 68) (subdistribution HR 0.85 [IQR 0.53–1.34] per mg/kg, P = 0.48). Propensity score analysis showed comparable results.

Conclusion

Higher HCQ doses were not associated with an increased risk of HFrEF, life‐threatening arrhythmia, or cardiac death among patients with SLE and may decrease the risk among nonsmokers.
Reduced Self‐Absorption of Quasi‐2D Perovskites and Their Application in Color Conversion Layers
Authors: Liu Nian , Luo Jiajun , Guo Qingxun , Du Peipei , Gao Liang , Niu Guangda , Song Boxiang , Tang Jiang
Published: November 2022

Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have recently demonstrated great potential for color conversion layers (CCLs) in backlight displays due to their ultrahigh color purity and high photoluminescence quantum yield. However, the severe self‐absorption effect of LHPs due to small Stokes shift restricts their optical conversion efficiency (OCE) as CCLs. Herein, quasi‐2D perovskites are exploited and the ultrafast energy transfer mechanism is introduced. Using this approach, CCLs Stokes shift is increased and its self‐absorption coefficient is reduced by nearly threefold (from 6.2 × 104 to 2.1 × 104 cm−1). Therefore, color conversion light‐emitting diodes based on quasi‐2D perovskites are demonstrated with an improved OCE of 30% and ideal working stability of 1% loss under blue light irradiation of 35 mW cm−2 indicating their great potential for application in backlight display.
Viruses in sanctuary chimpanzees across Africa
Authors: Dunay Emily , Owens Leah A. , Dunn Christopher D. , Rukundo Joshua , Atencia Rebeca , Cole Megan F. , Cantwell Averill , Emery Thompson Melissa , Rosati Alexandra G. , Goldberg Tony L.
Published: November 2022

Infectious disease is a major concern for both wild and captive primate populations. Primate sanctuaries in Africa provide critical protection to thousands of wild‐born, orphan primates confiscated from the bushmeat and pet trades. However, uncertainty about the infectious agents these individuals potentially harbor has important implications for their individual care and long‐term conservation strategies. We used metagenomic next‐generation sequencing to identify viruses in blood samples from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in three sanctuaries in West, Central, and East Africa. Our goal was to evaluate whether viruses of human origin or other “atypical” or unknown viruses might infect these chimpanzees. We identified viruses from eight families: Anelloviridae, Flaviviridae, Genomoviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Parvoviridae, Picobirnaviridae, Picornaviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. The majority (15/26) of viruses identified were members of the family Anelloviridae and represent the genera Alphatorquevirus (torque teno viruses) and Betatorquevirus (torque teno mini viruses), which are common in chimpanzees and apathogenic. Of the remaining 11 viruses, 9 were typical constituents of the chimpanzee virome that have been identified in previous studies and are also thought to be apathogenic. One virus, a novel tibrovirus (Rhabdoviridae: Tibrovirus) is related to Bas‐Congo virus, which was originally thought to be a human pathogen but is currently thought to be apathogenic, incidental, and vector‐borne. The only virus associated with disease was rhinovirus C (Picornaviridae: Enterovirus) infecting one chimpanzee subsequent to an outbreak of respiratory illness at that sanctuary. Our results suggest that the blood‐borne virome of African sanctuary chimpanzees does not differ appreciably from that of their wild counterparts, and that persistent infection with exogenous viruses may be less common than often assumed.
Alternately π‐Stacked Systems Assisted by o‐Carborane: Dual Excimer Emission and Color Modulation by Bcage‐Methylation
Authors: Ochi Junki , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: November 2022

Herein, we report the unique solid‐state excimer emission of three types of acridine‐tethered o‐carboranes with variable degrees of methylation at the o‐carborane unit. They all showed columnar packing structures based on dimer formation, and two types of π‐overlapping motifs were alternately stacked. From the photoluminescence (PL) measurements on the crystalline samples, it was found that three types of luminescence bands can simultaneously appear: monomer emission, excimer emission from the moderately π‐stacked intra‐dimer unit, and excimer emission from the widely π‐stacked inter‐dimer unit. Consequently, the PL colors were drastically changed by the steric effect of the methyl groups, with a strong correlation found between the π‐overlapping and excimer character. In addition, variable‐temperature PL measurements revealed that these PL species should be in thermal equilibrium at room temperature, with the intensity ratios sensitive toward temperature changes.
Genetic diversity of cryptic species of Bemisia tabaci in Asia
Authors: Lestari Susanti Mugi , Khatun Mst Fatema , Acharya Rajendra , Sharma Sushant Raj , Shrestha Yam Kumar , Jahan S. M. Hemayet , Aye Tin‐Tin , Lynn Ohn Mar , Win Nang Kyu Kyu , Hoat Trinh Xuan , Thi Dao Hang , Tsai Chi‐Wei , Lee Jangha , Hwang Hwal‐Su , Kil Eui‐Joon , Lee Sukchan , Kim Sang‐Mok , Lee Kyeong‐Yeoll
Published: November 2022

Bemisia tabaci is a species complex consisting of various genetically different cryptic species worldwide. To understand the genetic characteristics and geographic distribution of cryptic species of B. tabaci in Asia, we conducted an extensive collection of B. tabaci samples in ten Asian countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam) from 2013 to 2020 and determined 56 different partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) DNA. In addition, information on 129 COI sequences of B. tabaci identified from 16 Asian countries was downloaded from the GenBank database. Among the total 185 COI sequences of B. tabaci, the sequence variation reached to 19.68%. In addition, there were 31 cryptic species updated from 16 countries in Asia, that is, Asia I, Asia I India, Asia II (1–13), Asia III, Asia IV, Asia V, China 1−6, MEAM (1, 2, K), MED, Australia/Indonesia, Japan (1 and 2). Further, MED cryptic species consisted of 2 clades, Q1 and Q2. This study provides updated information to understand the genetic variation and geographic diversity of B. tabaci in Asia.
3‐[3‐(Phenalkylamino)cyclohexyl]phenols: Synthesis, biological activity, and in silico investigation of a naltrexone‐derived novel class of MOR‐antagonists
Authors: Tocco Graziella , Laus Antonio , Vanejevs Maksims , Ture Anastasija , Mostallino Rafaela , Pintori Nicholas , De Luca Maria Antonietta , Castelli M. Paola , Di Chiara Gaetano
Published: November 2022

The development of novel μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) antagonists is one of the main objectives of drug discovery and development. Based on a simplified version of the morphinan scaffold, 3‐[3‐(phenalkylamino)cyclohexyl]phenol analogs were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their MOR antagonist activity in vitro and in silico. At the highest concentrations, the compounds decreased by 52% to 75% DAMGO‐induced GTPγS stimulation, suggesting that they acted as antagonists. Moreover, Extra‐Precision Glide and Generalized‐Born Surface Area experiments provided useful information on the nature of the ligand–receptor interactions, indicating a peculiar combination of C‐1 stereochemistry and N‐substitutions as feasibly essential for MOR–ligand complex stability. Interestingly, compound 9 showed the best experimental binding affinity, the highest antagonist activity, and the finest MOR–ligand complex stability. In silico experiments also revealed that the most promising stereoisomer (1R, 3R, 5S) 9 retained 1,3‐cis configuration with phenol ring equatorial oriented. Further studies are needed to better characterize the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties of these compounds.