bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Cellulose Nanofiber/AlOOH Aerogel for Flame Retardant and Thermal Insulation
Authors: Fan Bitao , Chen Shujun , Yao Qiufang , Sun Qingfeng , Jin Chunde
Published: March 2017

Cellulose nanofiber/AlOOH aerogel for flame retardant and thermal insulation was successfully prepared through a hydrothermal method. Their flame retardant and thermal insulation properties were investigated. The morphology image of the cellulose nanofiber/AlOOH exhibited spherical AlOOH with an average diameter of 0.5 μm that was wrapped by cellulose nanofiber or adhered to them. Cellulose nanofiber/AlOOH composite aerogels exhibited excellent flame retardant and thermal insulation properties through the flammability test, which indicated that the as-prepared composite aerogels would have a promising future in the application of some important areas such as protection of lightweight construction materials.
Investigation of Adhesive Resistance of Aluminum Alloy by Sandblasting and Electrochemical Machining
Authors: Meng Jianbing , Dong Xiaojuan , Zhou Haian , Liu Weihong , Yin Zhanmin
Published: March 2017

A novel method for fabricating an adhesive resistance surface is presented. Sandblasting and electrochemical machining were introduced to prepare micro-nano structures on the sample surface. Then, the prepared sample was immersed in a tridecafluoroctyltriethoxysilane ethanol solvent. The surface of the aluminum alloy sample roughened and covered with low-surface-energy chemical groups was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Surface wettability and adhesive resistance of the treated sample were characterized by water contact angles, area fraction, sliding angle and solid surface energy. Furthermore, the effects of some process parameters, such as sand size, current density, electrochemical machining time, and electrolyte concentration, on the contact angle, area fraction, sliding angle and the solid surface-energy of the modified sample surfaces were provided. The results show that the combination of binary micro-structures and surface modification of tridecafluoroctyltriethoxysilane plays a role to improve adhesive resistance of the aluminum alloy surface.
Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. by UPLC-ESI-Q-Exactive Focus-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Jinfeng , Jia Ziyao , Zhang Zhihao , Wang Yutong , Liu Xi , Wang Linghua , Lin Ruichao
Published: March 2017

The ethnic drug Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. (MDL) is widely distributed throughout South China, and is the major component of Gong Yan Ping Tablets/Capsules and Zi Di Ning Xue San. Although the pharmacological effects of MDL have been well documented, its chemical profile has not been fully determined. In this study, we have developed a rapid and sensitive UPLC-ESI-Q-Exactive Focus-MS/MS method to characterize the chemical constituents of MDL in the positive and negative ionization modes. A comparison of the chromatographic and spectrometric data obtained using this method with data from databases, the literature and reference standards allowed us to identify or tentatively characterize 109 compounds, including 26 fatty acids, 26 organic acids, 33 flavonoids, six tannins, 10 triterpenoids, two steroids and six other compounds. Notably, 55 of the compounds characterized in this study have never been detected before in this plant. The information obtained in this study therefore enriches our understanding of the chemical composition of MDL and could be used in quality control, pharmacological research and the development of drugs based on MDL. In addition, this study represents the first reported comprehensive analysis of the chemical constituents of MDL.
Quality Evaluation and Chemical Markers Screening of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen) Based on HPLC Fingerprints and HPLC-MSn Coupled with Chemometrics
Authors: Liang Wenyi , Chen Wenjing , Wu Lingfang , Li Shi , Qi Qi , Cui Yaping , Liang Linjin , Ye Ting , Zhang Lanzhen
Published: March 2017

Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., is a widely used commercially available herbal drug, and unstable quality of different samples is a current issue. This study focused on a comprehensive and systematic method combining fingerprints and chemical identification with chemometrics for discrimination and quality assessment of Danshen samples. Twenty-five samples were analyzed by HPLC-PAD and HPLC-MSn. Forty-nine components were identified and characteristic fragmentation regularities were summarized for further interpretation of bioactive components. Chemometric analysis was employed to differentiate samples and clarify the quality differences of Danshen including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis. Consistent results were that the samples were divided into three categories which reflected the difference in quality of Danshen samples. By analyzing the reasons for sample classification, it was revealed that the processing method had a more obvious impact on sample classification than the geographical origin, it induced the different content of bioactive compounds and finally lead to different qualities. Cryptotanshinone, trijuganone B, and 15,16-dihydrotanshinone I were screened out as markers to distinguish samples by different processing methods. The developed strategy could provide a reference for evaluation and discrimination of other traditional herbal medicines.
A Multifunctional Bread Rich in Beta Glucans and Low in Starch Improves Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Tessari Paolo , Lante Anna
Published: March 2017

Design: Functional foods may be useful for people with diabetes. The soluble fibers beta glucans can modify starch digestion and improve postprandial glucose response. We analyzed the metabolic effects of a specifically designed ‘functional’ bread, low in starch, rich in fibers (7 g/100 g), with a beta glucan/starch ratio of (7.6:100, g/g), in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Clinical and metabolic data from two groups of age-, sex- and glycated hemoglobin-matched diabetic subjects, taking either the functional bread or regular white bread, over a roughly six-month observation period, were retrieved. Results: Bread intake did not change during the trial. The functional bread reduced glycated hemoglobin by ~0.5% (absolute units) vs. pre-treatment values (p = 0.028), and by ~0.6% vs. the control group (p = 0.027). Post-prandial and mean plasma glucose was decreased in the treatment group too. Body weight, blood pressure and plasma lipids did not change. The acceptance of the functional bread was good in the majority of subjects, except for taste. Conclusions: A starch-restricted, fiber-rich functional bread, with an increased beta glucan/starch ratio, improved long term metabolic control, and may be indicated in the dietary treatment of type 2 diabetes.
The Efficacy of Psychological Therapies in Reducing Weight and Binge Eating in People with Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder Who Are Overweight or Obese—A Critical Synthesis and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Palavras Marly , Hay Phillipa , Filho Celso Alves dos Santos , Claudino Angélica
Published: March 2017

Recurrent binge eating episodes, the core feature of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), are frequently comorbid with obesity. Psychological interventions, notably Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), are effective for binge eating reduction in BED or BN but less so for weight loss. Behavioural Weight Loss Therapy (BWLT) shows effectiveness for binge eating reduction and weight loss but the latter appears poorly sustained over time. Our aim was to review evidence for efficacy of psychological therapies for BN/BED associated with overweight or obesity in reducing binge frequency and weight. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials with adult samples who had BN or BED was conducted considering articles in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese with no restrictions for the timeline publication ending in March 2016. A quality appraisal of the trials and meta-analyses comparing BWLT to CBT were done. This review identified 2248 articles for screening and 19 published articles were selected. No trials of BN were identified. This review found CBT was favoured compared to BWLT with regard to short-term binge eating reduction. However, insufficient evidence was found for superiority for BWLT efficacy compared to CBT considering binge eating remission, reduction of binge eating frequency and weight loss. More research is needed to test the efficacy of psychological treatments for BED or BN with co-morbid overweight or obesity, including trials evaluating binge eating remission and weight loss in the long-term.
Chiral MnIII (Salen) Covalently Bonded on Modified ZPS-PVPA and ZPS-IPPA as Efficient Catalysts for Enantioselective Epoxidation of Unfunctionalized Olefins
Authors: Zou Xiaochuan , Wang Cun , Wang Yue , Shi Kaiyun , Wang Zhongming , Li Dongwei , Fu Xiangkai
Published: March 2017

Chiral MnIII (salen) complex supported on modified ZPS-PVPA (zirconium poly(styrene-phenylvinylphosphonate)) and ZPS-IPPA (zirconium poly(styrene-isopropenyl phosphonate)) were prepared using –CH2Cl as a reactive surface modifier by a covalent grafting method. The supported catalysts showed higher chiral induction (ee: 72%–83%) compared with the corresponding homogeneous catalyst (ee: 54%) for asymmetric epoxidation of α-methylstrene in the presence of 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide (PPNO) as axial base using NaClO as an oxidant. ZPS-PVPA-based catalyst 1, with a larger pore diameter and surface area, was found to be more active than ZPS-IPPA-based catalyst 2. In addition, bulkier alkene-like indene, was efficiently epoxidized with these supported catalysts (ee: 96%–99%), the results were much higher than those for the homogeneous system (ee: 65%). Moreover, the prepared catalysts were relatively stable and can be recycled at least eight times without significant loss of activity and enantioselectivity.
Context Moderates Priming Effects on Financial Risk Taking
Authors: Aldrovandi Silvio , Kusev Petko , Hill Tetiana , Vlaev Ivo
Published: March 2017

Previous research has shown that risk preferences are sensitive to the financial domain in which they are framed. In the present paper, we explore whether the effect of negative priming on risk taking is moderated by financial context. A total of 120 participants completed questionnaires, where risky choices were framed in six different financial scenarios. Half of the participants were allocated to a negative priming condition. Negative priming reduced risk-seeking behaviour compared to a neutral condition. However, this effect was confined to non-experiential scenarios (i.e., gamble to win, possibility to lose), and not to ‘real world’ financial products (e.g., pension provision). The results call into question the generalisability of priming effects on different financial contexts.
Analyzing Glacier Surface Motion Using LiDAR Data
Authors: Telling Jennifer , Glennie Craig , Fountain Andrew , Finnegan David
Published: March 2017

Understanding glacier motion is key to understanding how glaciers are growing, shrinking, and responding to changing environmental conditions. In situ observations are often difficult to collect and offer an analysis of glacier surface motion only at a few discrete points. Using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data collected from surveys over six glaciers in Greenland and Antarctica, particle image velocimetry (PIV) was applied to temporally-spaced point clouds to detect and measure surface motion. The type and distribution of surface features, surface roughness, and spatial and temporal resolution of the data were all found to be important factors, which limited the use of PIV to four of the original six glaciers. The PIV results were found to be in good agreement with other, widely accepted, measurement techniques, including manual tracking and GPS, and offered a comprehensive distribution of velocity data points across glacier surfaces. For three glaciers in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, average velocities ranged from 0.8–2.1 m/year. For one glacier in Greenland, the average velocity was 22.1 m/day (8067 m/year).
Supervised Sub-Pixel Mapping for Change Detection from Remotely Sensed Images with Different Resolutions
Authors: Wu Ke , Du Qian , Wang Yi , Yang Yetao
Published: March 2017

Due to the relatively low temporal resolutions of high spatial resolution (HR) remotely sensed images, land-cover change detection (LCCD) may have to use multi-temporal images with different resolutions. The low spatial resolution (LR) images often have high temporal repetition rates, but they contain a large number of mixed pixels, which may seriously limit their capability in change detection. Soft classification (SC) can produce the proportional fractions of land-covers, on which sub-pixel mapping (SPM) can construct fine resolution land-cover maps to reduce the low-spatial-resolution-problem to some extent. Thus, in this paper, sub-pixel land-cover change detection with the use of different resolution images (SLCCD_DR) is addressed based on SC and SPM. Previously, endmember combinations within pixels are ignored in the LR image, which may result in flawed fractional differences. Meanwhile, the information of a known HR land-cover map is insignificantly treated in the SPM models, which leads to a reluctant SLCCD_DR result. In order to overcome these issues, a novel approach based on a back propagation neural network (BPNN) with different resolution images (BPNN_DR) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, endmember variability per pixel is considered during the SC process to ensure the high accuracy of the derived proportional fractional difference image. After that, the BPNN-based SPM model is constructed by a complete supervised framework. It takes full advantage of the prior known HR image, whether it predates or postdates the LR image, to train the BPNN, so that a sub-pixel change detection map is generated effectively. The proposed BPNN_DR is compared with four state-of-the-art methods at different scale factors. The experimental results using both synthetic data and real images demonstrated that it can outperform with a more detailed change detection map being produced.
Accurate Compensation of Attitude Angle Error in a Dual-Axis Rotation Inertial Navigation System
Authors: Jiang Rui , Yang Gongliu , Zou Rui , Wang Jing , Li Jing
Published: March 2017

In the dual-axis rotation inertial navigation system (INS), besides the gyro error, accelerometer error, rolling misalignment angle error, and the gimbal angle error, the shaft swing angle and the axis non-orthogonal angle also affect the attitude accuracy. Through the analysis of the structure, we can see that the shaft swing angle and axis non-orthogonal angle will produce coning errors which cause the fluctuation of the attitude. According to the analysis of the rotation vector, it can be seen that the coning error will generate additional drift velocity along the rotating shaft, which can reduce the navigation precision of the system. In this paper, based on the establishment of the modulation average frame, the vector projection is carried out, and then the attitude conversion matrix and the attitude error matrix mainly including the shaft swing angle and axis non-orthogonal are obtained. Because the attitude angles are given under the static condition, the shaft swing angle and the axis non-orthogonal angle are estimated by the static Kalman filter (KF). This kind of KF method has been widely recognized as the standard optimal estimation tool for estimating the parameters such as coning angles (α1 , α2), initial phase angles (ϕ1,ϕ2), and the non-perpendicular angle (η). In order to carry out the system level verification, a dual axis rotation INS is designed. Through simulation and experiments, the results show that the amplitudes of the attitude angles’ variation are reduced by about 20%–30% when the shaft rotates. The attitude error equation is reasonably simplified and the calibration method is accurate enough. The attitude accuracy is further improved.
Design of a Bidirectional Energy Storage System for a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery in a Microgrid with SOC Estimation
Authors: Gong Qingwu , Lei Jiazhi
Published: March 2017

This paper used a Vanadium Redox flow Battery (VRB) as the storage battery and designed a two-stage topology of a VRB energy storage system in which a phase-shifted full bridge dc-dc converter and three-phase inverter were used, considering the low terminal voltage of the VRB. Following this, a model of the VRB was simplified, according to the operational characteristics of the VRB in this designed topology of a VRB energy storage system (ESS). By using the simplified equivalent model of the VRB, the control parameters of the ESS were designed. For effectively estimating the state of charge (SOC) of the VRB, a traditional method for providing the SOC estimation was simplified, and a simple and effective SOC estimation method was proposed in this paper. Finally, to illustrate the proper design of the VRB ESS and the proposed SOC estimation method, a corresponding simulation was designed by Simulink. The test results have demonstrated that this proposed SOC estimation method is feasible and effective for indicating the SOC of a VRB and the proper design of this VRB ESS is very reasonable for VRB applications.
Advancing Sequential Managed Aquifer Recharge Technology (SMART) Using Different Intermediate Oxidation Processes
Authors: Hellauer Karin , Mergel Dorothea , Ruhl Aki , Filter Josefine , Hübner Uwe , Jekel Martin , Drewes Jörg
Published: March 2017

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) systems are an efficient barrier for many contaminants. The biotransformation of trace organic chemicals (TOrCs) strongly depends on the redox conditions as well as on the dissolved organic carbon availability. Oxic and oligotrophic conditions are favored for enhanced TOrCs removal which is obtained by combining two filtration systems with an intermediate aeration step. In this study, four parallel laboratory-scale soil column experiments using different intermittent aeration techniques were selected to further optimize TOrCs transformation during MAR: no aeration, aeration with air, pure oxygen and ozone. Rapid oxygen consumption, nitrate reduction and dissolution of manganese confirmed anoxic conditions within the first filtration step, mimicking traditional bank filtration. Aeration with air led to suboxic conditions, whereas oxidation by pure oxygen and ozone led to fully oxic conditions throughout the second system. The sequential system resulted in an equal or better transformation of most TOrCs compared to the single step bank filtration system. Despite the fast oxygen consumption, acesulfame, iopromide, iomeprol and valsartan were degraded within the first infiltration step. The compounds benzotriazole, diclofenac, 4-Formylaminoantipyrine, gabapentin, metoprolol, valsartan acid and venlafaxine revealed a significantly enhanced removal in the systems with intermittent oxidation compared to the conventional treatment without aeration. Further improvement of benzotriazole and gabapentin removal by using pure oxygen confirmed potential oxygen limitation in the second column after aeration with air. Ozonation resulted in an enhanced removal of persistent compounds (i.e., carbamazepine, candesartan, olmesartan) and further increased the attenuation of gabapentin, methylbenzotriazole, benzotriazole, and venlafaxine. Diatrizoic acid revealed little degradation in an ozone–MAR hybrid system.
Heloise’s First Letter as a Response to the Historia Calamitatum
Authors: Fraioli Deborah
Published: March 2017

The twentieth-century novelist George Moore, who wrote a novelized version of the letters of Abelard and Heloise in 1921 (Héloïse and Abélard), had a curious notion of the function of the Historia Calamitatum as it pertained to the rest of the collected
correspondence of the famous twelfth-century couple. His views come to light in a preface he wrote for Scott Moncrieff’s first integral English translation of the letters, The Letters of Abelard and Heloise (1926) and in the accompanying correspondence with Moncrieff. Moore believed
that the authentic correspondence began with Heloise’s first letter (letter 2). He deemed letters two through eight to be genuine letters exchanged by Abelard and Heloise but, in his words, the Historia was: “A literary forgery, designed to create a background and a justification
for the rest.” In other words, he thought that a forger had come across seven authentic letters by Abelard and Heloise and, finding them in need of an introduction which would unify the whole, created the Historia. Moore conjectured further that to make the forgery cohere with
Heloise’s first letter, the falsifier also composed the first two paragraphs of Heloise’s letter, thus sewing this hoax onto the fabric of the whole. In this scenario, then, it was the forger who invented the awkward chance receipt by Heloise of Abelard’s letter to a friend.
In the early decades of the twentieth century, it was not known that the French translation of the correspondence attributed to Jean de Meun was extant. Moore felt that if the Jean de Meun text lacked the Historia (we know today that it includes it), this would show the Historia
to be a later composition. But given the high degree of inter-connectedness between the Historia and Heloise’s first letter, in a correspondence which seemingly moves forward from the Historia to each succeeding letter, to say nothing of the numerous specific references
Heloise makes to the content of the Historia, Moore’s theory has the air of the bizarre for the modern scholar.
In Praise of Fragments: A Manuscript of the Prose Tristan in Châlons-en-Champagne
Authors: Grange Huw
Published: March 2017

The work today known as the prose Tristan, whose earliest version was composed c. 1220-1235, was one of the most widely disseminated literary texts in French of the later Middle Ages. Of the 80-plus medieval manuscripts that have come down to us, however, only ten volumes
or sets of volumes can be considered “complete” insofar as they tell a more or less uninterrupted tale from prologue to epilogue. Most of the surviving manuscripts, though materially intact, provide only one or two sections of this vast text, or else a selection of choice episodes.
And approximately one quarter of the manuscripts listed in the most up-to-date inventories of Tristan manuscripts are fragments. To use the words of A. C. Dionisotti, these fragments were “made rather than born” thus: they were physically detached from more complete volumes
some time after their production, sometimes by accident or through wear and tear, but more often than not because later users prized the durability of parchment over the text written upon it when it came to binding their printed books or even lining their hats.
Auf den Leib geschriebene Rollen und eingefleischte Eigenschaften
Authors: Schäfke Werner
Published: March 2017

This survey investigates how body symbolism in Old Norse literature marks deviation from social roles or their emphatic fulfillment through bodily deformity. Firstly, the association of individual body parts with different mental properties is reconstructed through kennings from skaldic
and eddic poetry using cognitive semantics in order to establish according types of kennings. In a second step the vices and virtues connected with these body parts and their mental properties are explored in saga narratives, demonstrating how deviance from and fulfillment of social roles
is marked through deformation. This investigation thus broadens the approach of monster theory, the analysis of the monstrous body in literature, to bodies of all types of literary characters, paragons as well as outsiders.
Medieval Readership, the Loving Poet and the Creation of the Exquisite Ode: A Note on Ibn Zaydūn’s Nūniyya and the Poetic Visualization of Love
Authors: Alghani Jalal abd
Published: March 2017

This article highlights the significance of the paratexts in reading the medieval Arabic qaīda (ode). These paratexts were mostly comments of medieval readers on poets, their artistic moods, and styles. Some of these assessments also pertain to the poems and relate to their
aesthetic properties, artistry, and palaeography. Such paratexts show how the qaīda was seen as a dialectic process of production and reception, performance and evaluation. Despite their importance for the understanding of poetry, modern scholarship of medieval Arabic poetry has
not much assimilated these paratexts into its exploration of the qaīda. This article intends to show the significance of the paratexts for reading the medieval Arabic qaīda and looking into its aesthetics. The qaīda nūniyyah of the Andalusian poet
Ibn Zaydfln (d. 463/1070) will be taken as an example and examined in the framework of the paratexts proposed by its medieval readers.
Predictions for the Detection and Characterization of a Population of Free-floating Planets with K2 Campaign 9
Authors: Penny Matthew T. , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Gaudi B. Scott , Kerins Eamonn
Published: March 2017

K2 Campaign 9 (K2C9) offers the first chance to measure parallaxes and masses of members of the large population of free-floating planets (FFPs) that has previously been inferred from measurements of the rate of short-timescale microlensing events. Using detailed simulations of the nominal campaign (ignoring the loss of events due to Kepler’s emergency mode) and ground-based microlensing surveys, we predict the number of events that can be detected if there is a population of 1

FFPs matching current observational constraints. Using a Fisher matrix analysis, we also estimate the number of detections for which it will be possible to measure the microlensing parallax, angular Einstein radius, and FFP mass. We predict that between 1.4 and 7.9 events will be detected in the K2 data, depending on the noise floor that can be reached, but with the optimistic scenario being more likely. For nearly all of these, it will be possible to either measure the parallax or constrain it to be probabilistically consistent with only planetary-mass lenses. We expect that for between 0.42 and 0.98 events it will be possible to gain a complete solution and measure the FFP mass. For the emergency-mode truncated campaign, these numbers are reduced by 20 percent. We argue that when combined with prompt high-resolution imaging of a larger sample of short-timescale events, K2C9 will conclusively determine if the putative FFP population is indeed both planetary and free-floating.
Radio Observations of the Tidal Disruption Event XMMSL1 J0740–85
Authors: Alexander K. D. , Wieringa M. H. , Berger E. , Saxton R. D. , Komossa S.
Published: March 2017

We present radio observations of the tidal disruption event candidate (TDE) XMMSL1 J0740−85 spanning 592 to 875 days post X-ray discovery. We detect radio emission that fades from an initial peak flux density at 1.6 GHz of 1.19 ± 0.06 mJy to 0.65 ± 0.06 mJy, suggesting an association with the TDE. This makes XMMSL1 J0740−85 at d = 75 Mpc the nearest TDE with detected radio emission to date and only the fifth TDE with radio emission overall. The observed radio luminosity rules out a powerful relativistic jet like that seen in the relativistic TDE Swift J1644+57. Instead, we infer from an equipartition analysis that the radio emission most likely arises from a non-relativistic outflow similar to that seen in the nearby TDE ASASSN-14li, with a velocity of about 104 km s−1 and a kinetic energy of about 1048 erg, expanding into a medium with a density of about 102 cm−3. Alternatively, the radio emission could arise from a weak initially relativistic but decelerated jet with an energy of

erg, or (for an extreme disruption geometry) from the unbound debris. The radio data for XMMSL1 J0740−85 continues to support the previous suggestion of a bimodal distribution of common non-relativistic isotropic outflows and rare relativistic jets in TDEs (in analogy with the relation between Type Ib/c supernovae and long-duration gamma-ray bursts). The radio data also provide a new measurement of the circumnuclear density on a sub-parsec scale around an extragalactic supermassive black hole.
Evolution of Interstellar Medium, Star Formation, and Accretion at High Redshift
Authors: Scoville N. , Lee N. , Bout P. Vanden , Diaz-Santos T. , Sanders D. , Darvish B. , Bongiorno A. , Casey C. M. , Murchikova L. , Koda J. , Capak P. , Vlahakis Catherine , Ilbert O. , Sheth K. , Morokuma-Matsui K. , Ivison R. J. , Aussel H. , Laigle C. , McCracken H. J. , Armus L. , Pope A. , Toft S. , Masters D.
Published: March 2017

ALMA observations of the long wavelength dust continuum are used to estimate the interstellar medium (ISM) masses in a sample of 708 galaxies at z = 0.3 to 4.5 in the COSMOS field. The galaxy sample has known far-infrared luminosities and, hence, star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses (

) from the optical–infrared spectrum fitting. The galaxies sample SFRs from the main sequence (MS) to 50 times above the MS. The derived ISM masses are used to determine the dependence of gas mass on redshift,

, and specific SFR (sSFR) relative to the MS. The ISM masses increase approximately with the 0.63 power of the rate of increase in SFRs with redshift and the 0.32 power of the sSFR/sSFRMS. The SF efficiencies also increase as the 0.36 power of the SFR redshift evolution and the 0.7 power of the elevation above the MS; thus the increased activities at early epochs are driven by both increased ISM masses and SF efficiency. Using the derived ISM mass function, we estimate the accretion rates of gas required to maintain continuity of the MS evolution (

yr−1 at z > 2.5). Simple power-law dependencies are similarly derived for the gas accretion rates. We argue that the overall evolution of galaxies is driven by the rates of gas accretion. The cosmic evolution of total ISM mass is estimated and linked to the evolution of SF and active galactic nucleus activity at early epochs.
Relations between the Sizes of Galaxies and Their Dark Matter Halos at Redshifts 0 < z < 3
Authors: Huang Kuang-Han , Fall S. Michael , Ferguson Henry C. , van der Wel Arjen , Grogin Norman , Koekemoer Anton , Lee Seong-Kook , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Wuyts Stijn
Published: March 2017

We derive relations between the effective radii R
eff of galaxies and the virial radii R
200c
of their dark matter halos over the redshift range 0 < z < 3. For galaxies, we use the measured sizes from deep images taken with Hubble Space Telescope for the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey; for halos, we use the inferred sizes from abundance matching to cosmological dark matter simulations via a stellar mass–halo mass (SMHM) relation. For this purpose, we derive a new SMHM relation based on the same selection criteria and other assumptions as for our sample of galaxies with size measurements. As a check on the robustness of our results, we also derive R
eff–R
200c
relations for three independent SMHM relations from the literature. We find that galaxy R
eff is proportional on average to halo R
200c
, confirming and extending to high redshifts the z = 0 results of Kravtsov. Late-type galaxies (with low Sérsic index and high specific star formation rate (sSFR)) follow a linear R
eff–R
200c
relation, with effective radii at 0.5 < z < 3 close to those predicted by simple models of disk formation; at z < 0.5, the sizes of late-type galaxies appear to be slightly below this prediction. Early-type galaxies (with high Sérsic index and low sSFR) follow a roughly parallel R
eff–R
200c
relation, ∼0.2–0.3 dex below the one for late-type galaxies. Our observational results, reinforced by recent hydrodynamical simulations, indicate that galaxies grow quasi-homologously with their dark matter halos.
Data-driven, Interpretable Photometric Redshifts Trained on Heterogeneous and Unrepresentative Data
Authors: Leistedt Boris , Hogg David W.
Published: March 2017

We present a new method for inferring photometric redshifts in deep galaxy and quasar surveys, based on a data-driven model of latent spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and a physical model of photometric fluxes as a function of redshift. This conceptually novel approach combines the advantages of both machine learning methods and template fitting methods by building template SEDs directly from the spectroscopic training data. This is made computationally tractable with Gaussian processes operating in flux–redshift space, encoding the physics of redshifts and the projection of galaxy SEDs onto photometric bandpasses. This method alleviates the need to acquire representative training data or to construct detailed galaxy SED models; it requires only that the photometric bandpasses and calibrations be known or have parameterized unknowns. The training data can consist of a combination of spectroscopic and deep many-band photometric data with reliable redshifts, which do not need to entirely spatially overlap with the target survey of interest or even involve the same photometric bands. We showcase the method on the i-magnitude-selected, spectroscopically confirmed galaxies in the COSMOS field. The model is trained on the deepest bands (from SUBARU and HST) and photometric redshifts are derived using the shallower SDSS optical bands only. We demonstrate that we obtain accurate redshift point estimates and probability distributions despite the training and target sets having very different redshift distributions, noise properties, and even photometric bands. Our model can also be used to predict missing photometric fluxes or to simulate populations of galaxies with realistic fluxes and redshifts, for example.
An Empirical Fitting Method for Type Ia Supernova Light Curves: A Case Study of SN 2011fe
Authors: Zheng WeiKang , Filippenko Alexei V.
Published: March 2017

We present a new empirical fitting method for the optical light curves of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We find that a variant broken-power-law function provides a good fit, with the simple assumption that the optical emission is approximately the blackbody emission of the expanding fireball. This function is mathematically analytic and is derived directly from the photospheric velocity evolution. When deriving the function, we assume that both the blackbody temperature and photospheric velocity are constant, but the final function is able to accommodate these changes during the fitting procedure. Applying it to the case study of SN 2011fe gives a surprisingly good fit that can describe the light curves from the first-light time to a few weeks after peak brightness, as well as over a large range of fluxes (∼5 mag, and even ∼7 mag in the g band). Since SNe Ia share similar light-curve shapes, this fitting method has the potential to fit most other SNe Ia and characterize their properties in large statistical samples such as those already gathered and in the near future as new facilities become available.
CD4:CD8 Ratio Comparison between Cohorts of HIV-Positive Asians and Caucasians upon Commencement of Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors:   the Australian HIV Observational Database,   the TREATAsia HIV Observational Database, Petoumenos Kathy , Choi Jun Yong , Hoy Jennifer , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Ng Oon Tek , Boyd Mark , Rajasuriar Reena , Law Matthew
Published: March 2017

Background

In the era of effective antiretroviral treatment (ART) CD4:CD8 ratio is proposed as a potential marker for HIV-positive (HIV+) patients at increased risk for non-AIDS comorbidities. The current study aims to compare CD4:CD8 ratio between Asian and Caucasian HIV+ patients.

Methods

HIV+ patients from the Australian HIV Observational Database (AHOD) and the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) meeting specific criteria were included. In these analyses Asian and Caucasian status were defined by cohort. Factors associated with a low CD4:CD8 ratio (cutoff <0.2) prior to ART commencement, and with achieving a normal CD4:CD8 ratio (>1) at 12 and 24 months post ART commencement were assessed using logistic regression.

Results

There were 591 patients from AHOD and 2,620 patients from TAHOD who met the inclusion criteria. TAHOD patients had a significantly ( P<0.001) lower odds of having a baseline (prior to ART initiation) CD4:CD8 ratio greater than 0.2. After 12 months of ART, AHOD patients were more than twice as likely to achieve a normal CD4:CD8 ratio compared to TAHOD patients (15% versus 6%). However, after adjustment for confounding factors there was no significant difference between cohorts in the odds of achieving a CD4:CD8 ratio >1 ( P=0.475).

Conclusions

We found a significantly lower CD4:CD8 ratio prior to commencing ART in TAHOD compared to AHOD even after adjusting for confounders. However, after adjustment, there was no significant difference between the cohorts in odds of achieving normal ratio. Baseline CD4+ and CD8+ counts seem to be the main driver for this difference between these two populations.
En quoi le travail échappe-t-il aux théories de la justice ?
Authors: Renault Emmanuel
Published: March 2017

Si l’on s’interroge sur les normes de la critique sociale qui permettent de rendre compte des enjeux politiques du travail, la question de la justice et de l’injustice vient spontanément à l’esprit. Il est en effet indiscutable que c’est notamment en terme d’injustice que les salariés cherchent à rendre compte des problèmes qu’ils rencontrent au travail, et que c’est en terme de justice qu’ils cherchent à définir des manières de travailler qui seraient plus satisfaisantes. Cependant, la thèse selon laquelle les modalités de l’organisation du travail doivent être déterminées en référence à l’efficacité plutôt qu’à la justice a été défendue de différentes manières. Et parmi ceux qui ont cherché au contraire à définir les formes pertinentes de critique sociale du travail en terme de justice, nombreux ont considéré qu’il suffisait d’appliquer des principes de justice généraux, sans s’engager dans une analyse des formes spécifiques dans lesquelles la question de la justice se pose sur les lieux de travail. L’objectif de cet article est de soumettre ces deux positions à un examen critique et de défendre un modèle de critique immanente du travail fondé sur des attentes de justice qui sont propres à l’expérience du travail.
Du plaisir et des souffrances d’être truckeur
Authors: Bouchard Serge
Published: March 2017

Partant d’une investigation auprès des truckeurs (conducteurs de poids lourds dans le Nord canadien), l’auteur discute de la méthode – l’ethnographie – et de ce qu’elle implique du côté de l’anthropologue, pour qu’il puisse accéder aux dimensions subjectives du plaisir et de la souffrance au travail. Une discussion est ensuite proposée des similitudes et des différences avec la méthode en clinique du travail.
Rapports sociaux de sexe et psychopathologie du travail
Authors: Hirata Helena , Kergoat Danièle
Published: March 2017

Les auteures présentent d’abord la problématique générale de la division sexuelle du travail. Elles montrent ensuite pourquoi il est nécessaire d’investiguer aussi la sphère hors travail, si l’on veut rendre compte du travail effectif et de la productivité des femmes. Vient ensuite une discussion critique du plaisir et de la souffrance au travail par la psychopathologie du travail. En s’appuyant sur des matériaux recueillis dans les enquêtes sur le travail des femmes, elles examinent les conséquences de la méconnaissance des rapports sociaux de sexe sur la problématisation du rapport au travail, tant au niveau individuel que collectif.
Les mécanismes institutionnels de déliaison dans un service de formation interne
Authors: Langlois Catherine
Published: March 2017

À partir de son vécu professionnel d’une vingtaine d’années au sein de Pôle Emploi (ex- Anpe ), l’auteure, formatrice-psychologue clinicienne, analyse les effets psychiques de la déshumanisation de l’institution sur ses acteurs. Elle utilise aussi son expérience subjective pour démontrer comment l’institution, dont la tâche primaire est d’aider les demandeurs d’emploi à retrouver du travail, reproduit dans son fonctionnement le symptôme d’exclusion qu’elle est censée traiter. Avec l’augmentation du chômage dans les années 1990, l’institution subit une pression quantitative croissante. Elle contraint les conseillers à recevoir les demandeurs d’emploi sur le flux, dans une organisation centrée sur des actes opérationnels, au détriment de l’écoute des usagers. En transformant la nature de la tâche primaire de l’institution, la fusion entre l’ Assedic et l’ Anpe en 2009 provoque un délitement de leurs liens collectifs, creusant encore davantage l’écart entre la tâche prescrite et le travail réel des agents, notamment au sein du service de formation interne où elle a travaillé. Au-delà des dysfonctionnements organisationnels, cet article analyse aussi le mal-être au travail sous l’angle des liens inconscients qui relient les sujets de l’institution.
Quién es quién en la investigación sobre Reestructuración de la Cartera de Negocios: La estructura intelectual
Authors: Sánchez-Riofrío Angélica María , Guerras-Martín Luis Ángel , Forcadell Francisco Javier
Published: March 2017

Son pocos los estudios que aplican métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos extensivos para abordar la investigación sobre Reestructuración de la Cartera de Negocio (RCN). El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los principales autores, revistas y estudios que han informado a la plataforma intelectual subyacente a RCN e identificar los temas que más han impactado. En este estudio, las referencias bibliográficas citadas entre 1959 y 2012, se analizan utilizando diferentes técnicas bibliométricas. Se encuentran tres resultados principales: primero, la base intelectual de este campo involucra una literatura multidisciplinaria y multifacética, aunque las disciplinas de finanzas y administración son los principales contribuyentes a la investigación en RCN. En segundo lugar, los autores, las revistas y los documentos se identifican para seguir el marco principal de la reestructuración de la cartera. Finalmente, los principales precursores de esta área de estudio son la estrategia corporativa, las desinversiones, la diversificación y el gobierno corporativo. Este es un estudio que contribuye no sólo en el campo de la gestión estratégica, sino también en el campo de la gestión de la información.
Estructura propuesta del artículo de datos como publicación científica
Authors: Roa-Martínez Sandra M. , Vidotti Silvana A. B. , Santana Ricardo C.
Published: March 2017

Este trabajo presenta una revisión de las principales motivaciones y caminos en la publicación de los conjuntos de datos, siendo estos conjuntos de datos generados y manipulados durante los procesos de investigación. Se considera el Artículo de datos como medio de publicación científica con igual reconocimiento, aceptación y rigor científico que un artículo convencional o tradicional de investigación actual. Por cuanto se propone una estructura común definida con elementos principalmente derivados de los metadatos del conjunto de datos de investigación. Esto permitirá a los creadores, editores, consumidores y pares expertos evaluadores el reconocimiento, compartición, evaluación y reutilización de datos. Se facilita así la reproducibilidad de la información, validación de los resultados divulgados y rápida generación de nuevas investigaciones.
Análisis de la producción científica sobre Derechos Humanos en Trabajo Social: perspectiva internacional (2000-2015)
Authors: Cubillos-Vega Carla
Published: March 2017

Los derechos humanos forman parte de la misión e identidad del Trabajo Social, sin embargo, en su producción científica dicha materia está muy poco desarrollada. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer un perfil de la producción del Trabajo Social en materia de derechos humanos en los últimos años. Para ello se realiza un análisis de carácter descriptivo observacional de la producción científica del Trabajo Social en materia de derechos humanos en las revistas especializadas del área de ciencias sociales, indexadas desde 2000 a 2015 en las principales bases de datos internacionales: «Scopus» y «Web of Science». El análisis cualitativo permitió establecer la existencia de 4 tipologías de temas principales. Se constata la escasez de trabajos que abordan esta temática, la predominancia de lo teórico sobre lo empírico y la hegemonía de lo anglosajón. Este objeto de estudio nunca antes ha sido abordado, por ello el principal aporte de este trabajo es su novedad.
Trends of publications related to climate change and lake research from 1991 to 2015
Authors: Deng Jianming , Zhang Yunlin , Qin Boqiang , Yao Xiaolong , Deng Yubing
Published: March 2017

Climate change has been studied for many decades. Growing scientific, political, and public attention has focused on climate change and its effect on ecosystems, including lake ecosystems. In this study, we conducted comparative quantitative and qualitative analyses that focused on research development, current hotspots, and potential future directions of climate change research associated with lakes using a bibliometric analysis based on the Science Citation Index (SCI) database. A total of 10,196 papers associated with climate change-lake research were published in 1,206 journals. Rapid development occurred over the past 25 years and the number of published papers considerably increased since the 2000s. A keyword analysis showed that among the top 50 most frequently used keywords, paleoecology, palynology, paleolimnology, climate change, and pollen analysis exhibited decreasing trends. Recently, eutrophication exhibited one of the highest co-occurrence frequencies with climate change. Keywords such as algae and cyanobacteria also showed increasing trends with climate change, implied that more attention was paid to the harmful cyanobacterial blooms. Another significant increasing trend was observed between climate change and remote sensing, which is a modern technology that is now widely used in limnology. Our results also indicate that a distinct turning point associated with climate change-lake research occurred between 1991 and 2015. Before the 2000s, most studies focused on paleolimnology. Specifically, researchers were searching for the evidence of climate change in lake sediments by using traditional technologies, such as reflecting ancient climate using the information recorded by diatom or pollen in the sediments. Recently, more studies have focused on modern limnology, e.g., the effects of climate change on lake ecosystems. In addition, future research may focus on the following topics: 1) the interactive effects of climate change and eutrophication, or other environmental variables, on lake ecosystems; 2) solutions for mitigating the negative effects of climate change; and 3) the potential effects of eutrophication on climate change.