bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Data, Technology, and Humanism Literacy and Integrity in lecturer Research Performance
Authors: Suharsiwi Suharsiwi , Fauzi Fauzi , Yumna Laila
Published: January 2024

In an era driven by technological progress, lecturers, as the main agents in academic research, are faced with the demand to understand and integrate data, technology, and human values into their research. The purpose of writing this article is to describe the research performance of lecturers based on the factors of data literacy, technological literacy, and humanism literacy, as well as the integrity of lecturers in higher education. This research method involves surveys and data analysis by a number of lecturers who are active in research in various scientific disciplines. This research method also uses a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional study design. Data was collected through a Google Form questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp. The research data was analyzed using multiple regression (OLS). This article contributes to an understanding of the importance of integrating data literacy, technology, and human values into lecturers' research approaches. The practical implication of this research is the need to develop training programs and institutional support to increase literacy and integrity in the context of academic research. The research results show that literacy and data integrity have a significant effect on lecturers’ research performance. Meanwhile, technological literacy and humanism literacy do not have a significant effect on lecturers' research performance. Lecturers’ research performance through the results of this research is influenced by variations in data literacy, technological literacy, humanism literacy, and integrity by 36.1%.
Совершенствование методов определения стоимости проектных решений на ранних этапах реализации инвестиционно-строительных проектов
Authors: Чернова Полина Александровна , Бовсуновская Мария Петровна
Published: January 2024

Перечень основных решений по реализации инвестиционно-строительного проекта описывается и утверждается в составе проектной документации, однако выбор и обоснование этих решений производятся заказчиком и инвестором уже на предпроектном этапе. Именно на предпроектном этапе принимается решение о целесообразности проекта, формируется технико-экономическое обоснование, в котором особое значение имеют не только такие основные технико-экономические показатели, как площадь, строительный объем, протяженность и т.п., но и состав и стоимость отдельных принятых объемно-планировочных и конструктивных решений. Так, один и тот же объект может быть возведен из монолитного железобетона и кирпича, а может — из быстровозводимых металлоконструкций и многослойных ограждающих конструкций. При этом функциональное назначение объекта останется прежним, но стоимость значительно изменится.

В связи с этим актуальность данной статьи заключается в исследовании методов определения стоимости различных вариантов проектных решений на предпроектном этапе как основы успешной реализации проекта в будущем, так как наиболее экономически обоснованные варианты решений, выявленные уже на ранней стадии, могут существенно снизить затраты всего проекта и повысить его эффективность.

Целью исследования является совершенствование подходов к обоснованию стоимости различных проектных решений на предпроектной стадии реализации инвестиционно-строительного проекта.

Авторами рассмотрены существующие методы обоснования стоимости строительства на предпроектном этапе инвестиционно-строительного проекта, а также разработаны предложения по их совершенствованию: составлен алгоритм оценки стоимости строительства на ранних этапах инвестиционно-строительного проекта с учетом стоимости альтернативных проектных решений.

Реализация авторами алгоритма оценки стоимости строительства на ранних этапах инвестиционно-строительного проекта стала возможной благодаря разработке методики создания банка данных о стоимости проектных решений, накопления, анализа и структурирования данных о стоимости уже реализованных объектов жилищно-гражданского назначения (административных зданий общей площадью от 1000 до 20 000 м2). Также проведен факторный анализ стоимости административных зданий с выявлением причин отклонений стоимости идентичных показателей от среднего значения.

Полученные результаты могут лечь в основу формирования новой базы данных цен конструктивных решений, необходимых при расчете предполагаемой стоимости на этапе обоснования инвестиций. Такие данные смогут позволить определять стоимость более достоверно именно на ранних этапах — на этапе перехода от задумки к разработке основных технических решений, которые будут определять облик, технологичность и стоимость строительных объектов.
Концептуальная модель предпроектных маркетинговых исследований и ее влияние на качество инвестиционно-строительного проекта
Authors: Абдалов Роман Евгеньевич , Кулаков Кирилл Юрьевич
Published: January 2024

Научная статья посвящена вопросам проведения предпроектных маркетинговых исследований и их влиянию на качество инвестиционно-строительного проекта (ИСП) и качество готовой строительной продукции. В современных условиях кризисных явлений экономики и повышенной конкуренции товаров и услуг маркетинг играет особую роль во всех сферах деятельности, в том числе и строительной отрасли. Авторами отмечается, что не все организации в своей практической деятельности уделяют должное внимание предпроектным маркетинговым исследованиям. Для развития уже используемых на практике маркетинговыми подразделениями методик предпроектных исследований и формирования новых уникальных подходов у организаций авторами была разработана концептуальная модель предпроектных маркетинговых исследований. Авторская концептуальная модель направлена на повышение результативности предпроектных маркетинговых иссле­дований — получение информации, отвечающей установленным требованиям. В статье представлены данные требования, в частности, наиболее подробно рассмотрено требование к полноте информации, обозначены негативные последствия информационной недостаточности и излишка для проекта и его участников, предложены методы обеспечения полноты информации. Уделяется внимание высокой ценности маркетинговой информации, полученной на предпроектном этапе проекта, для принятия решений на последующих стадиях ИСП и выстраивания маркетинговой стратегии в рамках проектной деятельности организации. На основании анализа авторами приводится логическое обоснование оказания положительного влияния предпроектных маркетинговых исследований на качество отдельных процессов и мероприятий в рамках жизненного цикла ИСП и, в конечном счете, на потребительское и производственное качество готовой строительной продукции.
Расширение возможностей строительного контроля с внедрением технологий информационного моделирования для объектов многофункциональной недвижимости
Authors: Храбров Антон Павлович
Published: January 2024

Расширение возможностей строительного контроля с внед­рением технологий информационного моделирования (ТИМ) — метод обеспечения организационно-технологической надежности создания объектов многофункциональной недвижимости, как инструмент наращивания результативности данного типа коммерческого строительства. Строительный контроль является одним из эффективных методов обеспечения организационно-технологической надежности создания объектов капитального строительства, использование современных технологий позволяет существенно увеличить их эффективность.

На сегодняшний день остается еще огромное количество вопросов и трудностей, с которыми каждый день сталки­ваются проектировщики, строители, контрольные органы и другие участники данного направления. Крупные строительные компании уже приступили к тестированию и внедрению новых технологий.

С каждым годом технологии информационного модели­рования в Российской Федерации все активнее применяются на всех этапах жизненного цикла объектов.

Сейчас довольно распространены технологии информа­ционного моделирования в проектировании, несколько меньше на этапе строительства, и совсем незначительно на этапе эксплуатации зданий и сооружений. Существуют российские разработчики, которые создают под нужды современных реалий новое программное обеспечение, помогающее сократить время на выполнение рутинных процессов, сохранить и верифицировать информацию, донести ее до всех адресатов максимально быстро и без потерь1.

В данной статье рассматриваются некоторые из подобных технологий, которые уже используются на этапе строительства и строительного контроля в единой среде общих данных. Это позволяет получать данные в нужный момент и в подходящем виде, без траты большого количества времени на всевозможные исправления, которые чем позже происходят, тем становятся более дорогостоящими.

На стадии проектирования, если проектировщику не приходят особые требования от заказчика, он вправе выполнять порученное ему задание любым удобным ему способом. Если же на начальном этапе планирования строительства какого-либо нового, либо реконструкции уже существующего объекта, со стороны заказчика будет формироваться пакет требований не только к промежуточным результатам всего инвестиционно-строительного проекта, но и требования к дальнейшим результатам работ (строительство и эксплуатация)2. Это позволит на ранних этапах четко выстраивать стратегию всех процессов, подобрать современные технологии, которые могут сократить множество издержек, и в особенности финансовые и временные затраты.
Анализ содержания категории эффективного использования городской территории
Authors: Соловьёв Александр Андреевич
Published: January 2024

В настоящее время в России активно развиваются механизмы комплексного территориального развития, основной целью которого является повышение эффективности использования городских территорий. В результате анализа научной литературы было выявлено множество различных формулировок данного понятия, однако наиболее рациональным способом раскрытия значения категории эффективного использования территорий является разделение его на несколько составляющих. В результате рассмотрения эффективности использования городской территории как комплексной категории были выявлены ее ключевые составляющие: социальная, экономическая, архитектурно-планировочная, инфраструктурная, санитарно-экологическая и инвестиционная. На основе анализа научной литературы было определено, что в контексте решения задач градостроительного развития и социально-экономического развития территории в целом целесообразно рассматривать инвестиционную эффективность как базовый элемент градостроительного развития. Вместе с тем следует отметить, что в большом количестве случаев проекты градостроительного развития не носят коммерческого характера, в таких случаях инвестиционная эффективность достигается либо за счет механизмов и средств государственной поддержки, либо путем включения в содержание проекта элементов, обеспечивающих инвестиционную эффективность. Также был выявлен ряд принципов, способствующих повышению эффективности развития территорий. На основе проведенного исследования был сделан вывод о том, что проблематика управления развитием городских территорий в существенной степени может сводиться к обеспечению оптимального баланса между отдельными аспектами градостроительной эффективности, базовым из которых является инвестиционная эффективность, в контексте реализации проектов с учетом стратегического целеполагания и обеспечения устойчивости градостроительной среды.
Infrapolítica no quilombo de Mumbuca, no Tocantins: negociação e resistência no processo de elaboração de um termo de ajustamento de conduta
Authors: Mota Alice Agnes Spíndola
Published: January 2024

O trabalho discute atuações de negociação e resistência no processo de elaboração de um termo de ajustamento de conduta (TAC) entre a comunidade quilombola de Mumbuca e entidades estaduais do governo do estado do Tocantins, Brasil. As conflitantes opiniões de quilombolas e representantes do Parque Estadual do Jalapão são apresentadas com o intuito de compreender melhor a negociação em curso. A pesquisa desenvolvida ao longo de quase uma década apresenta as perspectivas infrapolíticas de uma negociação. O trabalho traz ainda perspectivas ambientais, explora a legislação ambiental sobre a preservação do ecossistema em áreas de preservação integral e indica detalhes da complexidade e da morosidade dos processos de reconhecimento e demarcação das terras quilombolas, evidenciando a organização política e a resistência da comunidade quilombola de Mumbuca. Através das metodologias de observação participante e de pesquisa bibliográfica, o estudo apresenta uma perspectiva infrapolítica da negociação entre os mumbuquenses e representantes dos órgãos ambientais de proteção ao Parque Estadual do Jalapão e se propõe a discutir as opiniões das partes a partir de discursos públicos e ocultos.
Morte e luta, silêncio e voz: o caso do assassinato do guardião indígena Paulo Paulino Guajajara, no Maranhão
Authors: Silva Leandro Araújo da
Published: January 2024

O artigo objetiva analisar o caso do assassinato do indígena Paulo Paulino Guajajara, guardião da floresta na Terra Indígena Arariboia, no Maranhão, bem como seu contexto e seus desdobramentos na atuação do movimento indígena. Partimos do pensamento decolonial, relacionando-o aos conceitos de necropolítica e homo sacer, num cenário de estado de exceção. Além de discutirmos categorias, utilizamos técnicas da etnografia na recolha dos dados: observação, pesquisa de declarações públicas, documentos e arquivos digitais. O Maranhão se caracteriza como o espaço em que a colonialidade/modernidade desconsiderou as experiências e histórias locais de povos e comunidades – atingidas por tentativas de degradação, silenciamento e morte de sujeitos cuja humanidade fora desconsiderada. Nesse cenário, os indígenas, organizados em um movimento, articulam a luta por justiça e direitos. Assim, o assassinato de Paulo Paulino foi mobilizado pelo movimento indígena como instrumento de luta e enunciado como resistência à colonialidade. Atravessado por projetos de modernidade e pelo capital internacional, o Maranhão é também um espaço de decolonialidade, de enunciação de experiências que não têm lugar na lógica de modernidade lançada sobre esse espaço, seus recursos e povos.
“Eu te passo o que eu tenho, se você tiver estômago para ler”: reflexões sobre continuidades e disputas entre relatos e autos em um caso de violência doméstica
Authors: Teodoro Débora Antonieta Silva Barcellos
Published: January 2024

Neste artigo empreendo o esforço de realizar uma análise etnográfica de um caso de violência doméstica, conjugando relatos de minha interlocutora com uma observação atenta aos documentos produzidos na Delegacia de Mulheres, no Instituto Médico Legal e pelo Poder Judiciário em primeira instância – em outras palavras, certa leitura do Estado a respeito dos fatos vivenciados. Resguardadas as peculiaridades de um relato etnográfico e de uma etnografia documental, apresento duas versões sobre o mesmo acontecimento: a da vítima e a dos documentos. Proponho que ambas as versões sejam tomadas ora como complementares, ora como permeadas por tensões. Como resultado, trago como possibilidade o entendimento de que documentos do Estado, sempre mediados pelos agentes que os produzem, são imbuídos do poder de produção de verdades, as quais, por sua vez, operam nos cotidianos das pessoas envolvidas em casos de violência doméstica, especialmente das vítimas.
US Fourth-Year Medical Students: Diabetes Knowledge and Confidence Dissonance
Authors: Pitter Danielle , Indelicato Alyssa M. , Morley Christopher P. , Feuerstein Barbara , Weinstock Ruth S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Self-assessed confidence is not a reliable indicator of knowledge levels, as multiple studies have shown; however, it is often used as a measure of knowledge. The purpose of this study is to identify whether the confidence of graduating students in a US medical school to diagnose and treat diabetes is correlated with their diabetes-related knowledge.
Methods: We developed a 38-question survey, targeting students’ external experiences, knowledge, and confidence related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diabetes. The survey includes six self-reported confidence questions and 15 multiple choice-style questions, to test diabetes knowledge. The survey was administered electronically using REDCap to the graduating medical school class (n=176) at Upstate Medical University. We calculated mean knowledge scores and confidence scores were calculated. We used Pearson correlation and t tests to assess for correlations and differences in the collected data. We also reviewed diabetes content in the current curriculum.
Results: The response rate was 38%. The mean confidence score was 19.97 out of 30 (SD=3.92) and the mean knowledge score was 9.63 out of 15 (SD=2.09). Total knowledge and confidence scores were not correlated. A positive correlation between confidence in prescribing/adjusting medications to treat patients with type 1 diabetes and knowledge levels was found (R=.325, P=.007). Academic electives, external experiences with diabetes, and demographics did not correlate with knowledge and confidence differences.
Conclusions: Students overestimated their ability to adequately manage people with diabetes. Better approaches are needed to prepare future physicians to diagnose and treat diabetes.
Moving on From Self-assessment
Authors: Morley Christopher P.
Published: January 2024

Self-assessment of knowledge and confidence is common in medical education, and there are both philosophical and practical to justifications for it. However, many attempts to establish a correlation between self-assessments of knowledge or confidence and objective measures of knowledge or skill acquisition have failed. While in some circumstances the inclusion or reliance of self-assessment may be warranted, for example when a study is specifically measuring traits or outcomes that rely upon meta-cognition or increases in confidence, it is more often the case that self-assessment is used as a substitute for more objective measures. This is demonstrably flawed, and PRiMER as a journal will be moving away from publishing reports that inappropriately rely upon self-assessed knowledge or confidence as the only study outcomes.
Cognitive load scale in learning formal definition of limit: A rasch model approach
Authors: Oktaviyanthi Rina , Agus Ria Noviana , Garcia Mark Lester B. , Lertdechapat Kornkanok
Published: January 2024

Constructing proofs for the limit using the formal definition induces a high cognitive load. Common assessment tools, like cognitive load scales, lack specificity for the concept of limits. This research aims to validate an instrument tailored to assess cognitive load in students focused on the formal definition of limits, addressing the need for diverse strategies in education. The research employs a quantitative survey design with a Rasch model approach, utilizing a data collection instrument in the form of a questionnaire. Subsequently, the data are analyzed by focusing on three aspects: (1) item fit to the Rasch model, (2) unidimensionality, and (3) rating scale. A total of 315 students from three private universities in Banten participated as research respondents. The findings of this study affirm the validity of the cognitive load scale centered on the formal definition of limit, meeting the stringent standards set by Rasch modeling. Additionally, the results of the study provide evidence of the scale’s adherence to the monotonic principle of the Rasch model. These outcomes contribute to a comprehensive understanding of cognitive load in the context of learning formal definition of limit, providing a solid foundation for instructional design and assessment strategies.
What's Inside
Authors: Heston Thomas F
Published: January 2024

A physician’s reflection on how we can look healthy on the outside yet
on the inside be suffering a great tragedy, and in these situations
sometimes the only thing we can do is create a meaningful human
connection. A laugh and a smile can have timeless value.
Determination of Distributed Water Volume in Arctic Surge Glaciers for Input to Modeling Surge Initiation: A Combined Approach via Image Classification and ICESat-2 Altimetry Data
Authors: Middleton Rachel , Herzfeld Ute , Opfer Camden , Trantow Thomas , Han Huilin
Published: January 2024

Surge glaciers have a unique type of glacial acceleration, surging, in
which the glacial system leaves a period of quiescence and experiences
velocities that are up to 200 times the non-surge velocities. Surge
events play a critical role in sea level rise (SLR), as the mass loss
from even a single marine-terminating glacier during a surge has been
estimated to be upwards of 0.5 percent of annual global SLR.

Glacial hydrology, the water that flows through and below the glacier,
plays a critical role in surge evolution and initiation, as the
initiation of a surge requires decoupling of the glacier from the bed
via reduction of basal friction, which is directly related to the
hydropotential and water accumulation at the basal boundary.

This work establishes a simple framework for accurately determining the
basal pre-surge hydrologic conditions and modeling the subsequent
glacial dynamics, which may lead to a surge event.

This work takes a combined approach via image classification,
algorithmic interpretation of ICESat-2 altimetry data, and 3D glacial
modeling. Using satellite imagery, the  distribution of surface water is
determined via a simple image classification approach.

Distribution of glacial surface water is determined via supervised
classification of satellite imagery. The volume of surface water is
determined by estimating water and ice surface elevation for each water
feature with the Density-Dimension Algorithm for ice surfaces. The
DDA-ice-2 determines ice surface height, crevasse morphology of wet and
dry crevasses and water depth from ICESat-2 ATLAS data. The
DDA-bifurcate algorithm determines ice surface height, melt pond
morphology, and water depth from ICESat-2 ATLAS data.
Modelling heat transfer for assessing the convection length in ventilated caves
Authors: Sedaghatkish Amir , Pastore Claudio , Doumenc Frédéric , Jeannin Pierre-Yves , Luetscher Marc
Published: January 2024

The present study focuses on heat transfer in ventilated caves for which
the airflow is driven by the temperature contrast between the cave and
the external atmosphere. We use a numerical model that couples the
convective heat transfer due to the airflow in a single karst conduit
with the conductive heat transfer in the rock mass. Assuming dry air and
a simplified geometry, we investigate the propagation of thermal
perturbations inside the karst massif. We perform a parametric study to
identify general trends regarding the effect of the air flowrate and
conduit size on the amplitude and spatial extent of thermal
perturbations. Numerical results support the partition of a cave into
three regions: (1) a short (few meters) diffusive region, where heat
mainly propagates from the external atmosphere by conduction in the rock
mass; (2) a convective region where heat is mainly transported by the
air flow; (3) a deep karst region characterized by quasi-constant
temperatures throughout the year. An estimation of the length of the
convective region is proposed and compared to field data from a mine
tunnel and two caves. Our results provide first estimates to identify
climate sensitive regions for speleothem science and/or ecosystemic
studies.
Characterization of Radiation Exposure at Aviation Flight Altitudes Using the Nowcast of Aerospace Ionizing Radiation System (NAIRAS)
Authors: Phoenix Daniel , Mertens Christopher J. , Gronoff Guillaume , Tobiska Kent
Published: January 2024

Exposure to ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and solar
energetic particles (SEP) at aircraft flight altitudes can have an
adverse effect on human health. Although airline crews are classified as
radiation workers by the International Commission on Radiological
Protection (ICRP), in most countries, their level of exposure is
unquantified and undocumented throughout the duration of their career.
As such, there is a need to assess pilot ionizing radiation exposure.
The Nowcast of Aerospace Ionizing RAdiation System (NAIRAS), a
real-time, global, physics-based model is used to assess such exposure.
The Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS)
measurement dataset consists of high latitude, high altitude, and
long-duration aircraft flights between 2013-2023. Here, we characterize
radiation exposure at aviation flight altitudes using the NAIRAS model
and compare with 45 flight trajectories from the recent ARMAS flight
measurement inventory.
Dynamics of the poultry market in Ghana
Authors: Onumah Edward , Ayeduvor Selorm
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the dynamics of the poultry market in Ghana using
secondary data and a field study in four regions including Greater Accra
region, Western region, Ashanti region, and Northern region. Secondary data
on prices, per capita consumption, import, and export quantities was
obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Ministry
of Food and Agriculture (MoFA). Primary data on shopping malls,
supermarkets, cold stores, and open markets as well as on imported and local
chicken meat prices and brands was also obtained using surveys and focus
group discussions. The study employs trend and content analyses to highlight
specific imported products, their origins, drivers, and the potential of
domestic poultry as a substitute for imported chicken meat. The paper
confirms that Ghana imports about 80% of its poultry meat, mostly in the
form of branded cut parts (thighs, wings, legs, back, and offal) from
high-income countries including Belgium, the US, Brazil, Poland, and the
Netherlands. Despite a 35% increase in tariffs, imported poultry meat tends
to be 27-30% cheaper than locally produced chicken. The findings further
show that although there is some preference for domestic poultry meat, this
does not translate into purchase decisions, as people prefer more convenient
and ready-to-use products. The paper recommends the prioritization of
policies to boost local production through investments in processing (cut
parts), branded packaging, and marketing facilities such as cold vans.
Furthermore, policies to reduce chicken meat import volumes may be focused
on other non-tariff measures such as licenses, allotments, trade embargoes,
foreign exchange restrictions, and import depositories.
Exploring and emphasising women’s voices at Sacrum Profanum festival in Krakow
Authors: Golemo Karolina
Published: January 2024

Sacrum Profanum festival stands as one of the prominent musical events in
Krakow. The festival is recognised for its unique fusion of contemporary
classical music with electronic sounds, jazz and other genres. Alongside its
artistic and musical endeavours, the Sacrum Profanum festival remains
dedicated to social issues, meticulously promoting gender balance in its
lineup, and constantly contributing to the social debate about gender
equality in the cultural sector in Poland. The main aim of this article is
to analyse the presence of women during the 2020 edition of the festival,
with special focus on the socio-cultural message conveyed by the female
artists (composers and performers) that actively contributed to that
edition.
The music in serbia festival as a “permanent social obligation of music workers”
Authors: Marinkovic Milos
Published: January 2024

The Music in Serbia festival (Muzika u Srbiji - MUS) was held in Belgrade and
other Serbian cities from 1976 to 1991. Presenting contemporary creativity
of composers from the former Socialist Republic of Serbia and its two
provinces (Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Socialist Autonomous
Province of Vojvodina), as well as works by Serbian authors of older
generations, MUS existed as a unique place of valorization and
revalorization of domestic art music. Through the analysis of program and
organizational strategies, financial aspects, repertoire policy, and forms
of dissemination and promotion, this article points not only to the artistic
scope but also to the socio-political implications of the Music in Serbia
festival.
Psychedelic Mushrooms: The Use of Psilocybin in the Treatment of Mental Disorders
Authors: RMS* Correa
Published: January 2024

Psychedelics are a class of hallucinogenic drugs. They have been explored particularly for treatment-resistant psychiatric illnesses. In recent years, advances in psychopharmacology have benefited thousands of patients with some type of mental disorder. Preliminary evidence has shown that psilocybin has shown promise in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, with the support of qualified doctors. Recent clinical studies have reported marked improvements in mental health in psilocybinassisted psychotherapy. In many studies, the safety and efficacy of psilocybin have been the primary objectives to show that it is a safe and valid therapeutic alternative to other forms of psychiatric medications. Currently, some studies prove that psilocybin is safe in a controlled environment. However, the use of psilocybin needs to be further studied to determine the efficacy and safety of potential applications in medicine.
An Influence Model of the Human-Automation Team: Effects of Workload and Automation Reliability, Transparency and Degree
Authors: CD Wickens
Published: January 2024

Four important variables that influence performance of a human-automation team (HAT) are the workload (resource) demands of the task and environment, and the reliability, degree, and transparency of the automation that assists the human. In this paper, first, we present a model that predicts how these variables influence the human contribution to performance of the HAT, as mediated by changes in trust, dependence, and situation awareness (SA) and experienced workload (dependent variables). These factors vary in their strength of influence and their interaction with each other. Then we describe in greater depth how a meta- analysis of 50 studies has revealed differences in the strength of influence of automation transparency on those dependent variables. In particular, transparency has a large effect on improving the accuracy of performance, increasing trust and situation awareness. Transparency has different benefits for performance in routine situations, where it improves accuracy of the human-automation team, than for situations when automation unexpectedly fails, where it decreases the time for failure recovery. Finally, we illustrate how the model accommodates differences in discrimination task difficulty revealed in an experiment on decision aiding for nautical collision avoidance. This shows the benefits of the model in predicting the tradeoff of factors influencing human-automation team performance
Preliminary Study on the Factors Influencing the Inception of Romantic Relationships in Adolescence
Authors: M Vaccaro
Published: January 2024

Based on literature that highlighted the importance of romantic relationships in adolescence and highlighted that parental attachment may play a decisive role in the development of romantic relationships, the present research aim to analyse, using tests and questionnaires, possible factors affecting the emergence of romantic relationships in adolescence considering parental attachment, quality of romantic relationships and self-esteem as variables. The data refer to a sample consisting initially of 99 adolescents (43 females and 56 males) between the ages of 14 and 17 years, attending an Italian Professional Institute. Subsequently, the study focused on subjects who claimed to be currently in a loving relationship (N=29). SPSS statistical software version 20.0 was used in the data analysis. The main results showed that a large part of the sample has secure attachment (44.8%), detected by SAT. Some of the main characteristics of love relationships (conflict, friendship, help, safety, intimacy, sexuality and future perspective) were taken into consideration. From the present study, the correlation between attachment and loving relationship does not appear to be confirmed, as claimed so far in the emerging literature, although the limited number of subjects involved may have been a limitation.
Contemporary Concept of Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Therapies A Fresh Perspective on Laboratory and Instrumental Assessment Methods
Authors: Nikolaevych Andrey Belousov
Published: January 2024

Statement of the Problem: Impairment of the blood coagulation system remains a relevant issue in clinical practice. A striking example of this is the fact that despite the administration of anticoagulant therapy, up to 35% of COVID-19 patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit with thromboembolic complications. Prophylactic and therapeutic methods for the hemostatic system, recommended by various protocols, have a general nature. Moreover, they introduce dissonance into the clinical clarity of appropriate anticoagulant and antiplatelet use and fail to provide practitioners with the necessary fundamental knowledge to understand the aspects of clinical tactics for correcting the hemostatic system. Uncertainties remain regarding how to correctly choose a specific anticoagulant and determine its effective dose based on individual clinical and laboratory data, which laboratory markers of the coagulation system should be investigated, and whether they always reflect the true picture of hemostasis. Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: This article briefly presents the main aspects of the functioning of the blood coagulation system, points of application for pharmacological agents, and provides objective information for clinicians about the mechanisms of action of major anticoagulants and antiplatelets. Effective and practical methods for assessing the hemostatic system are recommended. Findings: The proper correction of the hemostatic system can only be carried out by a highly qualified specialist - a clinical transfusiologist, who possesses a comprehensive understanding of the functioning of the coagulation and anticoagulation systems, the platelet and fibrinolysis systems, knows the points of application and mechanisms of action of the pharmacological agents and blood components used, and takes into account internal and external factors that influence hemostasis. Conclusion and Significance: Empirical prescription of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies, based solely on instructions and clinical protocols without objective comprehensive analysis of the hemostatic components, is not only ineffective but also life-threatening for the patient. Coagulogram and D-dimer measurements cannot serve as the sole determining markers for monitoring the coagulation system. Evaluation of the blood coagulation system should only be carried out based on a comprehensive analysis of coagulogram data, complete blood count, thromboelastography (TEG), and data from all relevant systems.
Potentials of Spices Diet-Derived Polyphenols in Modulating the SelfRenewal of Stem Cells
Authors: AJ Shango
Published: January 2024

Over many centuries, spices have been and are globally utilized in foods and drinks, as well as in pharmaceuticals industries. Spices are rich in health-beneficial chemical constituents that include diet- derived polyphenols, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, organic acids, and raw fibres. Stem cells can self- renew and differentiate into major cell types. However, malignant stem cells can invade and kill nearby tissue as well as spread to other body parts through the blood and lymph systems leading to several diseases including cancers affecting the lungs, liver, breasts, pancreas, stomach, colorectum, and cervix. The purpose of this mini-review is to highlight the contributions of recent research on the role of different diet-derived polyphenols from spices mainly cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum); cinnamon (Cinnamomumzeylanicum); clove (Syzygiumaromaticum); ginger (Zingiber officinale); nutmeg (Myristica fragrans); pepper (Piper nigrum); saffron (Crocus sativus); turmeric (Curcuma longa) and vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) in the modulation of the self-renewal of normal and malignant stem cells. Recent researches have demonstrated that predominant compounds; curcumin, crocetin, crocin, gingerols, shogaols, myristicin, piperine, and vanillin possess immunomodulatory effects that specifically inhibit or suppress the proliferation of cancer cells by stimulating the development of normal stem cells, encouraging apoptosis, and activating the expression of protective genes that prevent the formation of malignant cells. More attention should focus on spices and their advanced applications into nutraceuticals for the prevention and management of chronic illnesses. Further work using a combination of in vitro and in vivo methods is needed to fully understand the synergistic impacts of combining more of these compounds to express their modulation effect on the self-renewal of stem cells.
Epigenetic Regulation of Chromatin during Mitosis in Embryos
Authors: Mukherjee Sulagna
Published: January 2024

Recent studies show that mitosis does not involve complete eradication of the past chromatin states but the memory of active and repressed chromatin is maintained to the next generation. This epigenetic regulation is critical for embryonic development and is also required for normal physiological functions. Further, impairment in this gene regulation can result in disease conditions such as cancer. Yet, the mechanisms by which regulatory components remain bound to the compacted mitotic chromosomes is not clearly understood. Here we review the process of gene bookmarking during mitosis in the developing embryo and its impact on the transcriptional dynamics during embryogenesis. The phenomenon of bookmarking is pivotal to normal embryonic development as it ensures that the transcriptional program is faithfully inherited to maintain cell fates. We review the mechanisms which control the accessibility of regulatory regions in the genome during cell division in the developing embryo. These include regulation by transcription factors, chromatin regulators and epigenetic histone marks such as histone tail modifications. For example, the Polycomb group of genes (PcG) regulate long term memory of the repressed chromatin state in the Drosophila embryo. We will also deliberate on the latest tools and techniques available to study the phenomenon of gene bookmarking such as ATAC seq and chromosome conformation capture technique. Finally, we will also discuss some of the unanswered questions and possible future studies in this field.
Nutritional Aspects, Pros and Cons of Nutrients-Rich Foods (Fruits and Vegetables) in Response to Stem Cells Transplantation
Authors: AJ Shango
Published: January 2024

Fruits and vegetables are among the foods considered as naturally nutrient-rich in addition to common everyday meals. Plant-based diet entailing high intake of these nutrient-rich plant derived foods can provide numerous bioactive constituents. Several of such compounds may modify a multitude of processes that are related to numerous chronic diseases in humans. Human bone marrow can be damaged by disease, chemotherapy or radiation. Therefore, a patient is subjected to stem cell transplantation (SCT) to infuse healthy stem cells that replace damaged ones. Therefore, the purpose of this mini-review is to provide insight of research on the nutritional aspects including pros and cons of nutrient-rich foods (fruits and vegetables) in response to SCT. The review revealed that, multiple myeloma, overweight, sarcopenia and low oxidative stress levels are among the most prevalent conditions/risk factors for complications and increased relapse/non-relapse mortality in patients eligible for SCT. Patients recovering from SCT require more calories and twice as much protein in diets than healthy individuals of similar age and gender. Apple fruit and vegetables such as potatoes, carrots and beetroots were most frequently consumed by patients subjected to allogeneic bone marrow (allo-BMT). While, green vegetables like spinach and broccoli, onion, garlic, beans and peas as well as grapefruits, raspberries, grapes, oranges and strawberries were rarely consumed by patients under allo-BMT. Neutropenic (low-microbial) diets are designed to reduce ingestion of pathogens through the exclusion of foods such as fruits and vegetables that can be vectors of bacteria. In contrast to the neutropenic diet, natural diet plus vegetable-dairy i.e., soy-whey blended protein as well as the modified BMT diet allowed fresh fruits and vegetables without visible damage (e.g., cuts and bruises) and must be well washed under cold running water. Despite the diet restrictions (i.e., towards foods which pose the greatest risk both in hospitals and at home), further research studies with respect to fruit and vegetables are recommended to establish specific prescriptions including optimum quantities and time of consumption by the immunosuppressed patients/those subjected to SCT. Adequate data would be ideal as a tool to aid professionals including nutritionists to safely recommend foods that can be ingested by patients under SCT.
Effects of Randomized Central Nerve System Anomalies on the Expression of Stem/Progenitor Cell Markers in the Different Components of Human Fetus Umbilical Cord
Authors: H Salkin
Published: January 2024

Aim: In this study, immunophenotypic changes of stem cells in umbilical cords of fetuses taken with 12-20 weeks of central nervous system (CNS) anomaly were investigated at the tissue level. The basis of the study was based on the hypothesis that central nervous system pathologies may adversely affect the stem cell profile in the umbilical cord during early fetal development. Materials and Methods: The umbilical cords of 6 human fetuses with CNS anomalies between 12-20 weeks were used as the study group (n=6). As the control group, umbilical cords of 6 human fetuses with no CNS anomalies were used (n=6). CD29, CD44, CD73, STRO1, Vimentin, CD90, CD31 and CD34 stem/progenitor markers were evaluated separately in the amniotic epithelium (AE), Wharton jelly (WJ), umbilical artery (UA) and umbilical vein (UV) by immunohistochemistry. CD29, CD90 CD31 expressions were also evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. Results: CNS anomalies suppressed bio-markers in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in WJ. CD29, CD73 and CD90 expressions were found to be low in the AE of CNS Anomaly groups. When looking at the MSC profile in the UA, it was found that CD44 and CD90 expressions decreased in fetus cords with CNS anomalies. CNS anomalies suppressed CD44, CD73 and CD90 immunoexpressions of MSCs in the UV. STRO1 expressions were severely suppressed in both WJ and perivascular areas in the study group. A similar situation is valid for CD34 and CD31 immune-expression. Conclusion: In this study, the effects of CNS anomalies on the umbilical cord stem cell niches were revealed. The effects of CNS anomalies on the stem/progenitor cell profile in the fetal umbilical cord have been demonstrated for the first time in this study
Effects of Complex Treatment by Use of Fetal Stem Cells on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: IA Susak
Published: January 2024

Analysis of bone mineral density index and a 10-year risk of fractures have been performed and two groups of postmenopausal women under the study were compared. Both investigated groups were randomized and conventional therapy by use of medicines including peroral administration of vitamin D3 and bisphosphonate were prescribed due to special indication. In treatment of the main group (MG), women along with standard therapy methods had been receiving treatment by use of fetal stem cells (FSCs). In accordance with the results and comparison between the groups, bone mineral density of femoral neck and trochanter became significantly higher in the group of women who underwent combined treatment with FSCs if compared to the control group (CG). Furthermore, in the MG we noted a tendency to downgrading a 10-year risk of fractures development in postmenopausal women, if compared to the CG upon randomization, where the patients received only a traditional treatment using medicines. This research aims to investigate effectiveness of complex therapy with FSCs derived from 7 to 12-week gestation fetuses and comparing such a treatment influence on certain markers of ageing process in postmenopausal women between the MG and the CG of patients. Criteria for comparing suggested a study of bone mineral density (BMD), as well as 10-year risk of fractures by Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), which are the markers of agerelated changes of the skeletal system in women.
“Morphometric Study of Nutrient Foramen of Femur in Nepalese Population”
Authors: M Rajeev
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The femur is the strongest and longest bone that forms the skeleton of the thigh, bears body weight, supports movement of legs and provides attachment to muscles. Nutrient foramen is an opening in the shaft of femur. The nutrient artery enters through nutrient foramen through cortex into the medullary cavity of the femur. The morphometry of nutrient foramina are variable between different individuals with different Nationality. Aims: To study the morphometry of nutrient foramen in femurs of Nepalese subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 80 adult femur bones of both sides. Maximum length of femur, circumference at the level of nutrient foramen, location and position of nutrient foramen was measured and recorded separately for both femur with the help of measuring scale, thread and vernier calliper. All the collected data were represented as mean then analyzed with MS Excel 2007 software and represented graphically. Results: The mean length of femur obtained in the study was 42 cms. The nutrient foramina were found to be present in all femurs and were directed towards the upper end of femur. It has been observed that a total of 47 nutrient foramina were found to be present in 40 right femur and 61 nutrient foramina in 40 left femurs. Conclusion: The parameters measured in the present study are of clinical importance because it will be helpful to orthopaedic surgeons during any surgical procedures such as bone repair, bone grafting and microvascular bone surgery.
Classical Ayurvedic Management of Acne Vulgaris: A Case Report
Authors: K Neelam
Published: January 2024

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilo-sebaceous unit, characterized by papules, pustules and often scarring, mainly on the face, upper trunk and back. Acne vulgaris is a nearly universal skin disorder affecting 79 to 95% of youths. In today's era, stress, increasing pollution, changes in diet, lifestyle changes, hormonal changes and the number of youths suffering from acne vulgaris problem is increasing. In Ayurveda it can be called as Mukhadushika. It is otherwise called as Yuvanpidika (Acne vulgaris). In Sushruta Samhita, Mukhadushika is mentioned under the kshudraroga. Acharya Sushruta has described Mukhadushika as a particularly thorn-like eruption on the face of adolescents. According to Ayurveda, mukhadushika occurs due to vitiation of kapha dosha, vata dosha and raktadushti . In present case study, there is kaphavata dominancy with involvement of raktadosha. Patient was prescribed the Ayurvedic medicines Lodhradi lepa, Mahatiktaka ghritam, Dashamoola kwath churna on OPD basis. From this case study it can be concluded that Ayurvedic formulations are effective in the mukhadushika (Acne vulgaris).