bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of biomass briquettes made from human feces
Authors: Fiza M. , Irvan L , Shalihin Ahmad
Published: January 2020

Problems faced by urban terrain are the lack of knowledge about the processing of fecal droppings. Revenues are only based on the results of the processing into fertilizer tin ja still less to be the right solution. Solutions that can be offered is the processing of waste into bio-coal briquettes using basic ingredients that keep piling up feces in the city. The purpose of this study is to introduce the public or partners Community Partnership Program (CRP) on the processing of bio-coal briquettes made from feces as an alternative solution to the problems faced by the community, and an alternative business potential that can be developed by government companies that deal with this water. The method applied in overcoming these problems is through counselling, training with demonstrations of bio-charcoal briquette processing, as well as coaching and mentoring into a product ready for market. The event was held on 12-14 May 2019 in the eastern city terrain sub district field. The activities consist of participatory extension coupled with the demonstration of processed briquettes of goat manure and pecan shells as well as packaging and testing the quality of the briquettes.
Design and simulation of rectangular patch microstrip antenna with inset feed for S-band application
Authors: Rambe Ali Hanafiah , Asri M Luthfi , Suherman S , Harahap Raja
Published: January 2020

Microstrip antenna is one of the most applied antennas for various radio applications as its low profile and high performances. This paper discusses design and simulation of the rectangular patch microstrip antenna (RPMA) for S-band radio by using inset feeding. Initially, theoretical calculation was performed, followed by performance evaluation by using AWR simulator. Inset deep iterations were conducted through repeated simulation adjustment to obtain optimal design. Based on the concluded simulation adjustment, the minimum achieved VSWR is 1.056 to get bandwidth of 104.5 MHz (3.1636 – 3.2681 GHz). The minimum return loss that can be achieved is -31.33 dB with gain of 5.777 dB.
Downlink ratio impact on downstream traffic performances on WiMAX
Authors: Simarata J H T , Suherman S
Published: January 2020

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) offers high speed data transfer with various quality of service (QoS) for different applications. One of the services is the downlink ratio adjustment. Theoretically, the parameter allows users to manage bandwidth for uplink and downlink direction. As there is no related work to proof this parameter adjustment, this paper examines the impact through network simulator for downlink streaming. With limited total capacity of the simulated network, by using 4 nodes with downlink traffics varied from 5 to 15 kbps, simulation proofs that by changing downlink ratio from 0.1 to 0.9, the downlink stream performance is increasing with delay decrement up to 5.34 ms, jitter decrement 9.1 ms and packet loss reduction about 97.62%.
Electrical peak load forecasting using long short term memory and support vector machine
Authors: Sadli Muhammad , Fajriana  , Fuadi Wahyu , Ermatita  , Pahendra Iwan
Published: January 2020

Electrical load forecasting is usually a univariate time series forecasting problem. In this case, we use the machine learning approach based on Long Short Term Memory and Support Vector Machine. Accurate the peak electric load forecasting. The time series or data set of the peak electric load recorded from the Substation system in Lhoksumewe, Indonesia. The main aim of this paper to predict and evaluate the performance of peak electric load at the substation for six months. The results obtained in the study, the LSTM and SVM are proving useful for peak electrical load forecasting. The resulting point both of machine learning technique based on LSTM and SVM are a possibility for analysis data for such purposes.
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and thin-layer chromatography test of methanol extract and simplicia leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl)
Authors: Hasibuan F.E , Syahfitri W , Ilyas S , Hutahaean S
Published: January 2020

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl) is a medicinal plant that can be found in the Highlands in the region of Indnesia. Loquat has been widely used as a traditional medicine material by ethnic Chinese since ancient times. The research aims to analyse the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts and simplisia loquat leaves. Phytochemical screening results show that methanol extract contains a secondary metabolite of alkaloids, flavonoids and steroid/terpenoid, while the Leaves Simplisia E.japonica contains a compound of secondary metabolites of alkaloids and flavonoids. Methanol extracts and Simplisia of E.japonica leaves were tested using DPPH with a high concentration of 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm, incubated for 15 minutes and then measured by a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 516 nm. Methanol leaves E.japonica extract has a value of IC50 39.4 ppm very strong category, while the Leaves Simplisia E.japonica has a value of IC50 102.4 ppm of medium category. The Rf value of methanol extract with a variation in solvent comparison (6:6, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1) is 0.78, 0.69, 0.51 and 0.40. The value of Simplisia leaves E.japonica with a variation in comparison of solvents (6:6, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1) are 0.80, 0.64, 0.49 and 0.18.
Optimization of fresh fruit bunches as crude palm oil production material
Authors: Siregar K , Syahputri K , Rizkya I
Published: January 2020

The increasing demand for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) makes palm oil production companies continue to improve production planning continuously in order to meet customer demand. Companies that are engaged in CPO production in the Medan city experience problems are not optimal due to companies are often faced with a situation in the form of a production mismatch with the volume of demand due to demand fluctuation. Therefore it is necessary to optimize the procurement of CPO by using linear programming methods. This method is used to maximize or minimize the resources owned by the company with several decision variables, objective functions and constraint functions. The results shows that the decision variables used are CPO cost, the cost of procurement using their own FFB, purchasing FFB cost and processing costs. The objective function is the maximization of company resources and constraint functions consisting of the maximum capacity of the factory, the availability of purchase FFB, the purchase quota of FFB, the availability of direct labor, processing transfers and processing costs.
Sustainability assessment in crude palm oil production: A review
Authors: Sitepu Muhammad Haikal , Matondang Abdul Rahim , Sembiring Meilita Tryana
Published: January 2020

Palm oil is important commodity for the world since it is a raw material for various important products such as cooking oils, cosmetics, and foods. Moreover, palm oil is found as a source for renewable energy such as biodiesel and biogas. As the result, the demand of palm oil is projected to jump in the future. To fulfil this demand, the increasing of palm oil production is unavoidable. Crude palm oil process is one substantial process to produce palm oil. This process becomes source of income for countries and citizen of those countries where crude palm oil are produced such as Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Despite of these positive impacts, the environmental impacts of crude palm oil process such as greenhouse gas emission, waste, high water and energy consumption are identified. Thus, to maintain sustainability in palm oil production, several standards such as Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) and Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) are introduced. One main requirement from these standards is to monitor sustainability impacts of crude palm oil production. Sustainability assessment is a procedure to evaluate sustainability impacts of products, process and policies. This paper aims to review sustainability assessment process applied in crude palm oil production.
Screening ofi in vitro Cytotoxicities from methanol extract of Acehnese Murrayakoenigii Leaf
Authors: Amna U , Halimatussakdiah H , Wahyuningsih P , Saidi N , Nasution R
Published: January 2020

Murrayakoenigii (Linn.) Sprengis known as the miracle plant that are rich in medicinal properties. Aceh was used this plant as the local condiment that familiarize the specific food of Aceh. This research aims to screening the cytotoxic activities from methanol extract of M. Koenigii leaf from Aceh. The invitrocytotoxic activities were evaluated with using MTT assay method. Three cell lines were used as bioindicators including MCF-7, HeLa, and Raji. The result showed that the extract givesa very good activities against MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines with CD50 value of < 1 μg/ml and 2.25 μg/ml respectively, but the cytotoxicity against Raji cell lines showed as weak with CD50 value of > 1000 μg/ml. It can be concluded that the methanol extract of M. Koenigii leaf showed the potential activities against adherent cell type, but not potential to suspension cell type.
Sentinel-2 imagery utilization for small-plot agricultural studies
Authors: Novák V. , Křížová K.
Published: January 2020

In terms of mitigation the negative aspects of agriculture on the environment, various advancements were achieved during the past few decades. Precision agriculture and related remote sensing enable canopy properties to be monitored and evaluated timely and non-destructively. Although remote sensing is nowadays widely utilized in agricultural studies with significant results, there are still certain constraints. The spatial resolution of source imagery is one of them. This study deals with this issue by evaluating Sentinel-2 imagery and it’s utilization on a small-plot experiment. Four spectral indices were derived using open-source software SNAP and compared with leaf chlorophyll content data obtained during terrestrial measurements. Correlation analysis gave ambiguous results ranging from r = 0.64 (Green Chlorophyll Index) to r = -0.47 (Triangular Chlorophyll Index). Based on this observation it was concluded that this issue requires to be investigated more thoroughly to define the relation of pixel size and size of the surface unit.
Applying effective cloud computing maturity model (CCMM)
Authors: Gunawan Wang , Setyawan Edy
Published: January 2020

Cloud computing has evolved become important computing paradigm for all organizations around the world. Cloud computing emerges to address the limitations of organizational resources in deploying IT services. Due to its advantages, there are still many debates about how to apply cloud computing effectively. Many organisations have reported that embracing the cloud computing is not an easy task and surrounded with many complexities. The use of cloud computing depends heavily on the ability of the organization to adapt with cloud computing paradigm. In order to maximize the benefits of cloud application, each organisation needs to develop a systematic, broad, holistic, and pragmatic approach. Cloud computing maturity model (CCMM) is initated to provide easy tool for assessing current conditions and improve service capabilities related to cloud computing. Measurements the implementation of cloud computing however, is challenging task since it needs to address certain factors in both business and technical perspectives. The article applies the popular framework initiated by the Open Data Center Alliances (ODCA) cloud computing maturity model (CCMM) as essential reference to guide applying cloud environment.
Environmentally friendly technology development at era industrial revolution 4.0 in Indonesia
Authors: Anggusti Martono , Siallagan Haposan
Published: January 2020

Nearly 200 countries reached a historic agreement to tackle climate change in Paris December 2015. The Paris agreement binds countries to limit greenhouse gas emissions with the aim of limiting global temperature rise to 2 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels. The smoke crisis created in 2015 was the worst because El Nino made the rainy season delayed and caused many areas to experience drought. In fact, this year’s fog may even be the worst in history, with Indonesia itself reporting the death toll and half a million people suffering from respiratory diseases.

Nobody knows when doomsday will happen. But now, the world has begun the process of mass extinction, and humans can become one of the first victims of the mass extinction process. Experts agree to call it the sixth mass extinction. One researcher, Paul Ehrlich, a Stanford University biology professor said that in the 4.5 billion years of Earth’s life, there have been 5 mass extinctions that occurred, mass extinctions occurred 65 million years ago, which brought the extinction of dinosaurs. The fourth industrial revolution is a big leap for the industrial sector, where information and communication technology is fully utilized. Not only in the production process, but also throughout the industry value chain, giving birth to new business models with digital bases to achieve high efficiency and quality products. better.This writing will review the “Environmentally Friendly Technology Development at the Era Industrial Revolution 4.0 in Indonesia” which can minimize the current era of species extinction.
Data warehouse using Kimball approach in computer maniac
Authors: Salim Kelvin , Damayanti Lorita , Puspita Marisya , Liujaya Steven , Girsang Abba Suganda
Published: January 2020

It is difficult for small businesses to evolve without utilizing an adequate system which is able to manage information within the business entity efficiently. The reporting system commonly used utilizes query which consumes a large amount of time in order to generate results fulfilling requirements set by the user. In order to simplify and speed up reporting in digital world and eventually results in improvement of business, the business entity needs a system which can address problems quickly and easily. In this paper, data warehouse system which could simplify and speed up the reporting provisions that is needed by the business without having to modify the existing query being implemented. With Kimball approaches, the data to be reported could be customized in various forms in accordance with the requirements set by the entity.
Implementation on Indonesian property real estate industry based on service oriented architecture
Authors: Fajar Ahmad Nurul , Qomariyah Nunung Nurul , Albert  , Siregar Baihaqi
Published: January 2020

This study focuses on the implementation of business property in real estate market. This is due to inability of the current technology to support the property products. Some people feel uncomfortable to buy houses from the online market. Buyers need to be very careful to deal with the sellers as the houses price is considered quite expensive. On the other hand, improving real estate market is still a challenge. This business still needs a physical representation, although it can be sold from the online market. In this paper, we propose the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) system of virtual reality and drone. We use drone to help scanning the property units and then make 3D models with visual mapping so it can be run in a virtual reality environment, video 360. In real estate, business process can be developed in various ways. Our proposed SOA in this study can be used to integrate all of them.
Resilient method in determining the best architectural model for predicting open unemployment in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Widodo , Hardinata Jaya Tata , Wanto Anjar
Published: January 2020

The resilient method is a method of Artificial Neural Networks which is often used to make predictions, especially in times series data (continuous). This method is able to make predictions by learning from data that has been done before by first forming the right network architecture model. Therefore, this study will discuss the best network architectural models to make predictions using the resilient method. The data used in this study is open unemployment data according to the highest education completed in Indonesia in 2005 to 2018 based on the semester, which was sourced from the National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) obtained from the website of the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. Based on this data, a network architecture model will be formed that is used with the Bayesian Regulation method, including 12-6-2, 12-12-2, 12-18-2, 12-24-2, 12-12-12-2, 12-12-18-2, 12-18-18-2 and 12-18-24-2. From these 8 models after training and testing, the results show that the best architectural model is 12-18-2 (12 is the input layer, 18 is the number of hidden neurons and 2 is the output layer). The accuracy of the architectural model for semester 1 and semester 2 is 75% with an MSE value of 0,0022135087 and 0,0044974696.
Proposed TRUTAUT model of technology ddoption for LAPOR!
Authors: Napitupulu Darmawan , Ananto Pamungkas Petrus Dwi , Sudarsono Bernadus Gunawan , Lestari Sri Poedji , Bani Alexius Ulan
Published: January 2020

This study aims to formulate a model for adopting the LAPOR! application technology. based on the user’s perspective. The method used is a comprehensive literature review of the previous two best practice models, TRI and UTAUT. The results showed that there were 13 hypotheses and 10 constructs from the proposed combination model. The entire construct is optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, insecurity, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention and use behavior. In the TRUTAUT combination model, the personality traits aspects of TRI became antacedents of the cognitive aspects of the UTAUT model. The implication of this research is that government institutions can better understand what factors influence the use of technology, especially the LAPOR! application in Indonesia.
Searching the shortest route for distribution of LPG in Medan city using ant colony algorithm
Authors: Nurdin  , Taufiq  , Fajriana
Published: January 2020

National energy needs and efforts to meet needs are currently the topic of issues to be discussed and resolved. One of the problems is LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) in the form of environmentally friendly petroleum gas products. Gas scarcity that occurs in each region is different where not all regions experience gas shortages, there are also areas that have excess LPG stock. Therefore, the application of the search route on the LPG base is very necessary. This application applies the ant colony algorithm search method to find the fastest route for the gas base location in the Medan Amplas district area. The Ant Colony algorithm looks for the best solution to solve a problem, in this case the Ant Colony algorithm is the algorithm most often used in mapping distribution locations. From the results of this research, the LPG distribution and distribution process uses an android based application.
The outlier pixel and sub trees that form segments of image
Authors: Manik Efron
Published: January 2020

Segmentation is a very important step in computer vision. Many segmentation methods are found to get the best results. Every method found always has advantages and disadvantages. Minimum spanning tree is one method used to segment images. Some researchers use thresholds as linear combinations of averages and standard deviations for this method. This study aims to see the effect of outliers on the number of segments formed. This study uses a sample of a 5x5 image with an outlier. Suppose that the distribution of side weights (or the difference in intensity of adjacent pixels) is a normal distribution except for one outlier, and the threshold value is equal to the average. If the weight of the outlier data side is equal to 14 to 16, there are 6 segments formed, for weights equal to 17 to 37, there are 4 segments formed, and for weights equal to 38 or more, there are 2 segments formed. The threshold value (corresponding average) changes significantly by changing the value of one outlier data. This will cause changes in the number of segments in the image that are not good in the segmentation method. So the threshold value should not correspond to statistical values.
Performance analysis method of dynamic time warping and k-nearest neighbor in sound based presence system
Authors: Simangungsong Herbet , Mawengkang Herman , Lidya Maya Silvi
Published: January 2020

Verification and identification of a person using biometrics have been widely used as the retina of the eye, the face and voice. In this experiment, such as voice biometrics to identify a person who is used to the system presence. Voice recognition is done by pattern matching between training data and test data. In this study used methods Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), K-Nearest neigbors (KNN) and Fast Frequency Transform (FFT) for voice recognition. DTW is used as a method of pattern recognition, while KNN is used for sound classification. Before testing conducted prior extraction using FFT method. This study uses 100 votes out of 10 people with the amount of each 10 people. Presentations were used as training data by 70% and 30% of test data. Results obtained by dividing the recognized voice to the overall sound. From the results 83.33 % voice recognition.
Level of student satisfaction on lecturer performance with fuzzy inference system (FIS) tsukamoto method
Authors: Sihaloho Tulus Pramita , Nasution Mahyuddin K. M. , Situmorang Zakarias
Published: January 2020

To improve the quality of students in higher education is inseparable from how the performance of lecturers in the teaching-learning process. The quality of lecturers greatly influences how the quality of graduates will be. Qualified lecturers can be seen from the lecturers’ performance in delivering learning material, assessment, discipline, behaviour and appearance. Lecturer performance evaluation can be assessed by students and assessors by study programs through questionnaires in which there are several aspects of assessment. The data processing of the questionnaire will use the Tsukamoto fuzzy method. The Mamdani method is often also known as the average method. In this method, there are 4 the stage for obtaining output, namely the formation of fuzzy sets, application function implications, rule composition and defuzzification. With the fuzzy mamdani method, information will be generated in the form of output of the success level of the teaching lecturer.
Enhanced electrochemical performance of F-doped Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.35 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhu Zhenye , Sang Zhuo , Li Hui
Published: January 2020

F-doped cathode material Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O(2.35-x)Fx (x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15) were synthesized successfully by two-step co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction pattern shows that fluorine doping does not bring impurities, but the lattice parameters increase slightly with fluorine content increasing in Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O(2.35-x)Fx. At the current density of 0.5C (125mAhg−1), Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.30F0.05 has the highest capacity retention (94.56%) and discharge capacity(177.4mA·h/g) after 50th cycles, while capacity retention and discharge capacity after 50th cycles of Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.35 material are only 86.19% and 164.7 mA·h/g. And Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.30F0.05 material exhibits a noticeable higher discharge capacity than other Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O(2.35-x)Fx (x=0, 0.10,0.15) materials at high current density. The initial discharge specific capacity of Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.30F0.05 material is increased to 121.1 mA·h/g and 82.3 mA·h/g compared to 91.1 mA·h/g and 66.8 mA·h/g of Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.35 material at 2C and 5C. It can be concluded that electrochemical performances of Li1.2Mn4/6Ni1/6Co1/6O2.35 material are improved due to fluorine doping.
Comparative study on the effects of suspension way of sample holder on the large-aperture uniformity of refractive index of HfO2 films
Authors: Zhang F , Pan F , Wei Y W , Luo J , Wu Q , Wang Z
Published: January 2020

For large-aperture dielectric film optics, the uniformity of film refractive index across the aperture is crucial to the uniformity of reflectance and transmittance. Herein, a comparative research has been performed on the refractive index uniformity of HfO2 films across the Φ560 mm-aperture sample holder for inclined suspension and horizontal suspension. It’s revealed that the refractive index of HfO2 film at edge position of sample holder increased about 1.52% compared to that of HfO2 film at center position for inclined suspension, while the refractive index varied only about 0.25% for horizontal suspension. The further analysis performed on film crystallization, morphology and microstructure show that the large variation of refractive index between the films at center and edge positions of inclined suspension sample holder was attributed to the different growth properties. The film at the edge crystallized more slightly and was denser, thus being of higher refractive index. And the different growth properties of the two films at center and edge positions can be explained in the light of the co-effects of atomic shadowing, reemission and diffusion of ad-atoms during film growth.
Emission and morphology change of supramolecular platinum(II) complex via the incorporation of a polymeric electrolytic
Authors: Zheng Xiaorui , Wang Wei , Xue Chao , Liu Kangyun , Huang Xiao-ying , Wang Lieping , Ning Binke
Published: January 2020

A novel polymeric hybrids can be produced by the electrostatic assembly of polymeric electrolytic and the platinum(II) complex, which could readily be probed by luminescence spectra and transmission electron microscope. An interesting aggregation and a morphological transformation from unstable fibers to stable spheres have been demonstrated. The emission spectra demonstrating that the excimers liminescence have enhanced in the new nanostructures.
Analysis of crystallization and melting behavior of composites before and after annealing
Authors: Zhu Z H , Zhang N , Wang T , Hao M Y
Published: January 2020

The crystallization and melting behavior of sisal fibers reinforced PLA composites were studied in this work. It can be found that the addition of sisal fiber as reinforcement shortened the nucleation period of PLA and promoted the formation of transverse crystals in PLA composites. Annealing treatment can improve the transition temperature and crystallinity of PLA composites.
Development and Evaluation of a novel High-temperature resistant coating flocculant
Authors: Zhang Fan , Sun Jinsheng , Lv Kaihe , Chang Xiaofeng
Published: January 2020

In the laboratory experiment, 2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), N, N-Dimethylacetoacetamide (DMAA), (Z)-Butenedioic anhydrides (MA) and 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570) copolymers were used as reaction monomers, potassium persulfate was used as initiator, and a new type of temperature and salt resistant coating flocculant DMA-57 for water-based drilling fluid was synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The synthesis conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment, and its performance was evaluated. The experimental results show that DMA-57 has good thermal stability, thermal decomposition temperature up to 339 °C. Under the condition of 150 °C, 3.0 MPa and 0.1% dosage, the linear expansion rate of calcium soil can be reduced by 83.83%, and the inhibition rate of calcium soil can be reduced by 67.5%, which has a good effect of flocculation inhibition.
Microstructure analysis of surface coating of graphene modified Cr12MoV die steel by induction cladding
Authors: Heping Liu , Shaolei Cheng , Langlang Liu , Fenger Sun
Published: January 2020

In this work, 316 stainless steel powder was used as base powder and graphene was selected as reinforcer. A stainless steel graphene composite coating was successfully prepared by induction cladding on the surface of cold working die steel Cr12MoV. The effects of different coating processes on the microstructure of the coating were investigated by metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that the bond strength of the coating and the mold steel substrate is perfect. No significant oxides are present in the grain boundaries. With the raise of induced current, the surface hardness of the composite coating increases gradually. In addition, with the increase of graphene content, the surface hardness of the coating also shows the same upward trend.
Investigating the effect of the conductivity of the electron transportation layer on the organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: chen Jinxiang , Wang Shipan , Zhou Hang
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we choose three types of n-doped electron transport layer (ETL) materials with different chemical structures to fabricate only-electron carrier device for studying the conductivity of them, namely, 100 nm ETL1, 40 nm ETL2, and 23 nm ETL3. It is also analyzed that the effect of the potential barrier height on the carrier injection efficiency of the single-carrier device when they directly contact with the electrode having the different work function ITO (indium tin oxide film) electrode. When the thickness of the organic electron transport layer is thin, the current density is mainly limited by the injection barrier in the interface, However, When the thickness of the organic electron transport layer is thick, the organic electron transport layer with very low carrier mobility is a dominant factor in limiting the current through the device. If ETL1 is in contact with a lower work function aluminum electrode relative to the ITO electrode, the effect of the injection limit on the current is weaker. Considering Poole-Frenkel effect and space charge limited current effect, the field strength-dependent carrier mobility of ETL1 material is estimated by linear-fitting the current-electric field characteristic curve of only-electron device. Organic red light-emitting diode is fabricated with ETL1 thicknesses of 10 nm and 100 nm, respectively. For the organic light-emitting device with 100 nm ETL1, it reaches 14.9 cd/A at a current density of 30 mA/cm2 , and the color coordinates is (0.658, 0.341).
The influence of terminal chain on the formation of chiral nematic phase of non-symmetric liquid crystal dimers containing fluorinated units
Authors: Chen Zhu , Zhang Rui , Tian Mei
Published: January 2020

In this study, we have synthesized four fluorine liquid crystals (LCs), termed FA-PD-UBA, FA-PD-PBA, FA-PD-ABA and FA-PD-BA. Through the research on thermal properties and mesophase type of the dimers, we can draw a conclusion that the non-symmetric structure type with flexible terminal chain of appropriate length, may help the dimers to form cholesteric fluorinated liquid crystals.
Effect of melting method on the bio-corrosion resistance of Mg67Zn28Ca5 cast magnesium alloy in simulated body fluid
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Ding Hao , Ding Hongyan , Li Hong , Zhou Guanghong
Published: January 2020

In recent years, biodegradable magnesium alloys have attracted considerable attention in medical devices, such as permanent implants and stents. However, poor corrosion resistance is a major problem limiting the practical application of magnesium alloys. In this study, Mg67Zn28Ca5 alloys were prepared via two different methods, namely, vacuum induction melting and ulfur hexafluoride shielded melting. The effect of melting method on the bio-corrosion resistance of MgZnCa cast magnesium alloy was also studied. The microstructure and phase composition of Mg67Zn28Ca5 alloys were investigated by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The element distribution and surface morphology of Mg67Zn28Ca5 alloys were examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance of Mg67Zn28Ca5 alloys was measured via electrochemical and immersion tests. Results showed uniform composition of the Mg67Zn28Ca5 alloy melted by vacuum induction. Immersed in the simulated body fluid, the corrosion rate of Mg67Zn28Ca5 by vacuum induction melting (0.2618 mm/a) was lower than that by ulfur hexafluoride shielded melting (0.9686 mm/a); the corrosion potential of Mg67Zn28Ca5 melted by vacuum induction (−1313 mV) was nobler than that by ulfur hexafluoride shielded melting (−1483 mV); the corrosion current of Mg67Zn28Ca5 by vacuum induction melting (1.202 × 10−5 A) was lower than that by ulfur hexafluoride shielded melting (4.332 × 10−5 A). The Mg67Zn28Ca5 by vacuum induction melting showed uniform corrosion behavior.
Effects of grading tungsten powders on properties of CuW alloy
Authors: Zou Juntao , Song Dazhuo , Shi Hao , Liang Shuhua
Published: January 2020

Considering the advantages and disadvantages of CuW alloys with different single particle size of tungsten powder, CuW alloys with three kinds of tungsten powders: ultramicron (50 μm), micron(6–8 μm), submicron(0.4 μm) were prepared by the infiltration method. Microstructure of the CuW alloy with different grading ration of tungsten powder were characterized via field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The Vacuum electrical breakdown properties were studied by electrical breakdown test. The results shows that the grading tungsten powders can form a variety of W-W sintered necks, strengthen the tungsten skeleton. SEM results show that a suitable ratio of grading tungsten powders can make the infiltrated copper phase more dispersed and uniform. Compared with the tradition CuW alloy, the conductivity is greater than 53.5%IACS, with the lowest hardness of 203HB, the lowest CuW/CrCu bonding strength of 417 MPa and the highest of 495 MPa, the hardness and electrical conductivity increased by 20%–30%, the bonding strength of new CuW/CrCu monolithic materials increased by 20%, vacuum electrical breakdown properties performed good.
In situ decomposition of Ti2AlN promoted interfacial bonding in ZnAl-Ti2AlN biocomposites for bone repair
Authors: Shuai Cijun , Xue Lianfeng , Gao Chengde , Pan Hao , Deng Youwen
Published: January 2020

In this study, in situ decomposition of Ti2AlN was used to obtain strong interfacial bonding in Zn7Al-Ti2AlN composites prepared via laser melting. During the preparation process, the Al atoms in Ti2AlN could diffuse out of the lattice due to the weak bonding between Al and Ti, followed by easily diffusing into the liquid Zn7Al matrix. Consequently, the diffused Al could bond with the Al in Zn7Al matrix owing to their inherent chemical affinity, leading to a strong interfacial bonding in Zn7Al-Ti2AlN composites. This significantly improved the load transfer ability and prohibited the motion of dislocations in the composites. As a result, the hardness and compressive strength of Zn7Al-Ti2AlN composites were enhanced from 74 HV and 155 MPa to 80 HV and 205 MPa, respectively, which were more suitable for bone repair application. What’s more, the composites also showed improved accelerated degradation and cytocompatibility.
Microstructure evolution and grain refinement mechanism of Inconel 601H alloy welded joints under compound physical fields of vibration and rapid cooling
Authors: Shi Fen , Zheng Zhen-tai , He Meng , Guo Dong-hui , Yu Jin-ling , Li Shuai
Published: January 2020

The method and mechanism of suppressing grain growth and microstructure coarsening in nickel-based alloy welded joints were studied herein. First, sodium thiosulfate was used to simulate the crystallization processes of the welding pool. Then, on this basis, the compound physical fields of low-frequency mechanical vibration and rapid cooling on the microstructure of the Inconel 601H alloy welded joint were investigated. Finally, the joint grain refinement behavior and mechanism were analyzed based on the experimental and physical simulation results. The experimental results indicate that only the low-frequency mechanical vibration acting in the welding process caused the center of the weld to be mostly composed of equiaxed grains. The epitaxial solidification phenomenon near the fusion line disappeared, but there were still many fine columnar grains in the upper part of the weld edge. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) morphology was eventually dominated by coarse grains, and the width of the HAZ increased. However, with the compound physical fields, the weld was mainly composed of equiaxed grains, and the grain size and width of the HAZ decreased. Thus, an increased hardness distribution was also achieved. Moreover, the γ′ phase exhibited a dispersed distribution and the alloy elements were very uniformly distributed in the γ′ phase, which helped to prevent the initiation of hot cracking of the weld comprising nickel-based alloys. In addition, the results demonstrated that the generation of additional crystal nuclei and the increase in the cooling rate from the compound physical fields were the main mechanisms for the grain refinement.
Numerical linked-cluster expansion for the dissipative XYZ model on a triangular lattice
Authors: Qiao Jiaxin , Chang Weixuan , Li Xinmeng , Jin Jiasen
Published: January 2020

We generalize the numerical linked-cluster expansion (NLCE) method to study the dissipative quantum many-body system. We apply the NLCE to the triangular strip and two-dimensional lattice system. We investigate the dynamics and steady-state properties of the dissipative XYZ model where the coherent dynamics is governed by the anisotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian while the nonunitary process is induced by the incoherent spin flips. By comparing with the quantum trajectory simulations, the NLCE results show good performance in capturing the dynamics of system with short-range correlations. For strong and long-range correlated system, the larger size clusters in the series should be included. The NLCE study for the magnetic susceptibility also signals the steady-state paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition in the two-dimensional case.
Giant fluctuations in the flow of fluidised soft glassy materials: an elasto-plastic modelling approach
Authors: Goff Magali Le , Bertin Eric , Martens Kirsten
Published: January 2020

In this work we study the effect of an additional mechanical noise on the rheological features of yield stress materials that exhibit non-homogeneous steady flows. Using a mesoscale elasto-plastic model accounting for a viscosity bifurcation in the flow response to an external shear stress, we find that additional sources of noise can lead to a fluidisation effect. As we increase the noise intensity we evidence a transition from a non-monotonic to a monotonic rheology, associated with giant fluctuations of the macroscopic shear rate and long-time correlated dynamics. Although distinct noise models can lead to different rheological behaviours in the low stress regime, we show that the noise-induced transition from shear-localised to homogeneous flow at higher stresses appears very generic. The observed dynamical features can be interpreted as a result of an out-of-equilibrium phase transition, for which we estimate the critical exponents that appear to be independent of the specific choice of the noise implementation for the microscopic dynamics.
New horizons in supporting older people's health and wellbeing: is social prescribing a way forward?
Authors: Hamilton-West Kate , Milne Alisoun , Hotham Sarah
Published: January 2020

Older people’s health and care needs are changing. Increasing numbers live with the combined effects of age-related chronic illness or disability, social isolation and/or poor mental health. Social prescribing has potential to benefit older people by helping those with social, emotional or practical needs to access relevant services and resources within the local community. However, researchers have highlighted limitations with the existing evidence-base, while clinicians express concerns about the quality of onward referral services, liability and upfront investment required. The current article provides a critical review of evidence on social prescribing, drawing on the RE-AIM Framework (Glasgow et al., 1999) to identify questions that will need to be addressed in order to inform both the design and delivery of services and the evolving research agenda around social prescribing. We emphasise the need for researchers and planners to work together to develop a more robust evidence-base, advancing understanding of the impacts of social prescribing (on individuals, services and communities), factors associated with variation in outcomes and strategies needed to implement effective and sustainable programmes. We also call on policymakers to recognise the need for investment in allied initiatives to address barriers to engagement in social prescribing programmes, provide targeted support for carers and improve access to older adult mental health services. We conclude that social prescribing has potential to support older people’s health and wellbeing, but this potential will only be realised through strategic alignment of research, local level implementation and national policy and investment.
TdT Expression Is a Marker of Better Survival in Merkel Cell Carcinoma, and Expression of B-Cell Markers Is Associated With Merkel Cell Polyomavirus
Authors: Hoang Mai P , Donizy Piotr , Wu Cheng-Lin , Kopczynski Janusz , Pieniazek Malgorzata , Miller David M , Ryś Janusz
Published: January 2020

Objectives

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare but very aggressive cutaneous tumor. We evaluated the prognostic potential of B-cell markers (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase [TdT], PAX5, CD117), follicular stem cell markers (CK15, CK19), p63, p53, RB, and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; CM2B4) in 136 primary cutaneous Merkel cell carcinomas.

Methods

Clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The results were correlated with patient outcomes by Fisher exact test, log-rank tests, and Cox multivariate models.

Results

By Fisher exact test, although TdT significantly correlated with both lack of progression (P = .0087) and alive status (P = .0056), MCPyV status correlated only with alive status (P = .031). In univariate analyses, TdT, MCPyV, and RB significantly correlated with improved overall survival, whereas p63 and CK15 correlated with worse overall survival. However, in multivariate analyses, only TdT expression remained as an independent predictor of improved overall survival, Merkel cell carcinoma-specific survival, and progression-free survival. By linear regression analyses, significant correlations between MCPyV vs TdT, PAX5, and CD117 were observed.

Conclusions

TdT expression is a potential marker of better survival in Merkel cell carcinoma. Expression of B-cell markers is associated with MCPyV, suggesting that clonal viral integration might play a role in the expression of these markers.
Are thick leaves, large mesophyll cells and small intercellular air spaces requisites for CAM?
Authors: Herrera Ana
Published: January 2020

Background and Aims

It is commonly accepted that the leaf of a crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant is thick, with large mesophyll cells and vacuoles that can accommodate the malic acid produced during the night. The link between mesophyll characteristics and CAM mode, whether obligate or C3/CAM, was evaluated.

Methods

Published values of the carbon isotopic ratio (δ 13C) as an indicator of CAM, leaf thickness, leaf micrographs and other evidence of CAM operation were used to correlate cell density, cell area, the proportion of intercellular space in the mesophyll (IAS) and the length of cell wall facing the intercellular air spaces (Lmes/A) with CAM mode.

Key Results

Based on 81 species and relatively unrelated families (15) belonging to nine orders, neither leaf thickness nor mesophyll traits helped explain the degree of CAM expression. A strong correlation was found between leaf thickness and δ 13C in some species of Crassulaceae and between leaf thickness and nocturnal acid accumulation in a few obligate CAM species of Bromeliaceae but, when all 81 species were pooled together, no significant changes with δ 13C were observed in cell density, cell area, IAS or Lmes/A.

Conclusions

An influence of phylogeny on leaf anatomy was evidenced in a few cases but this precluded generalization for widely separate taxa containing CAM species. The possible relationships between leaf anatomy and CAM mode should be interpreted cautiously.
VYC-25L Hyaluronic Acid Injectable Gel Is Safe and Effective for Long-Term Restoration and Creation of Volume of the Lower Face
Authors: Ogilvie Patricia , Benouaiche Laurence , Philipp-Dormston Wolfgang G , Belhaouari Lakhdar , Gaymans Frodo , Sattler Gerhard , Harvey Candice , Schumacher Andrew
Published: January 2020

Background

Juvéderm Volux (VYC-25L; Allergan plc) is an injectable hyaluronic acid gel designed to restore and create facial volume.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Volux for chin retrusion over 18 months and after repeat treatment.

Methods

This prospective, single-blind, controlled study enrolled subjects aged ≥18 years with chin retrusion (glabella-subnasale-pogonion facial angle 145°-165°). Subjects were randomized (3:1) to Volux at study onset or 3 months later (control group), and could receive a single repeat treatment during months 18 to 24. Assessments included mean facial-angle change from baseline, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) responder rates (improved/much improved), improvements in 3 subject-reported FACE-Q scales, and safety.

Results

Of 132 enrolled subjects, 119 received initial Volux treatment and 89 received repeat treatment. Mean changes (95% confidence interval) in glabella-subnasale-pogonion angle from baseline for treatment and control groups, respectively, were: 1.15° (0.75°, 1.56°) and 1.16° (0.57°, 1.75°) at month 18, and 3.14° (2.68°, 3.61°) and 2.72° (1.78°, 3.66°) 1 month after repeat treatment. Investigators rated 52.5%/60.0% of treated/control subjects at month 18 and 96.9%/100% after retreatment as GAIS responders; subject-reported rates were 62.0%/64.0% and 93.8%/100%. Durable improvements in Satisfaction with Chin, Satisfaction with Lower Face and Jawline, and Psychological Well-Being were reported in 82.1%, 78.2%, and 60.3% of subjects, respectively, at month 18, and 92.3%, 93.8%, and 67.7% of subjects after retreatment. The safety profile was as expected.

Conclusions

Volux injectable gel is a safe, effective, and durable alternative to surgical treatments for increasing chin projection and jaw volume, and results in high patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence: 2
GSOAP: a tool for visualization of gene set over-representation analysis
Authors: Tokar Tomas , Pastrello Chiara , Jurisica Igor
Published: January 2020

Motivation

Gene sets over-representation analysis (GSOA) is a common technique of enrichment analysis that measures the overlap between a gene set and selected instances (e.g. pathways). Despite its popularity, there is currently no established standard for visualization of GSOA results.

Results

Here, we propose a visual exploration of the GSOA results by showing the relationships among the enriched instances, while highlighting important instance attributes, such as significance, closeness (centrality) and clustering.

Availability and implementation

GSOAP is implemented as an R package and is available at https://github.com/tomastokar/gsoap.