bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Teknis Sistem Mine Dewatering dalam Upaya Penanganan Genangan Air Di Area Penambangan Pada Tambang Emas Bawah Tanah Level 7 Di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Octaviani Hanifa , Har Rusli
Published: December 2023

Kegiatan menggunakan metode tambang bawah tanah memiliki resiko yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada tambang terbuka, maka dari itu salah satu hal yang harus dipertimbangkan pada kegiatan penambangan tambang bawah tanah adalah kondisi air tanah. Penambangan yang sedang berlangsung mengakibatkan potensi air tanah dalam jumlah yang besar masuk dan menggenang di dalam tambang. Ketika musim hujan, air limpasan masuk ke dalam tambang melalui celah antar rekahahan di dinding lubang tambang, sump, dan void penambangan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah melakukan upaya penanganan genangan air di area penambangan yang dilakukan dengan perhitungan jumlah debit air total dari rekahan menggunakan metode scanline wadah dengan volume 400 ml, air tanah dalam sump dengan menghitung waktu dan tinggi air sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pemompaan, dan air void penambangan dilakukan menggunakan wadah dengan volume 400 ml. Kemudian, menentukan dimensi saluran terbuka yang ekonomis berdasarkan debit air yang masuk ke lubang tambang level 7. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dimana pengolah yang dilakukan berupa angka hasil dari pengukuran. Hasil analisis total debit air yang masuk ke dalam area penambangan sebesar 0,912 liter/detik sedangkan debit air yang keluar sebesar 0,064 liter/detik. Hasil perbandingan debit air yang masuk dengan debit air yang keluar tidak seimbang. Dimensi saluran terbuka yang ekonomis berbentuk trapesium dengan nilai T 18,74 cm, B 10 cm, y 7,54 cm, m 0,58, a 8,7 cm, V 8,42 cm/detik, dan Q 0,913 liter/detik.
THE INFLUENCE OF Bacillus subtilis PROTEINS DegU, SinR AND SinIR ON BACITRACIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN Bacillus licheniformis
Authors: GASPARIČ A. , DULAR Tina , GROŠEL Alenka , SLADIČ G. , RADEŽ I. , MANDIČ MULEC Ines
Published: December 2023

A vast array of natural peptides diverse in their structure that are produced by microorganisms living in different aquatic and terrestrial environments are not gene encoded but are synthetized nonribosomally on peptide synthetases. The branched cyclic dodecyl peptide antibiotic bacitracin, produced by special strains of Bacillus, is synthesized nonribosomally by a large multienzyme complex composed of the three bacitracin synthetases BA1, BA2 and BA3. The rate of peptide antibiotic bacitracin biosynthesis positively correlates with the level of the alkaline protease production. To define some positively acting factors in terms of bacitracin production we performed an experiment expressing genes involved in the process of sporulation and competence (B. subtilis): degU on pBD1834, sinIR on pIS74 and sinR on pIS119 in B. licheniformis. Bacterial clones were analyzed for the proteolytic activity and bacitracin production. In 9 clones (2 x pBD1834, 2 x pIS74 in 5 x pIS119) higher rate of the peptide antibiotic bacitracin production was determined.
PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY OF BACTERIAL POPULATION IN RUMEN
Authors: RAMŠAK Andreja , AVGUŠTIN G.
Published: December 2023

In order to investigate the microbial diversity in rumen, bacterial 16S rRNA genes were amplified from total microbial DNA isolated from rumen fluid. The amplificated genes were incorporated into pBluescript SK II vector and electroporated into E.coli JM109 cells. The transformants, recognized in hybridization experiments (colony blot) by oligonucleotide DNA probe specific for the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium subgroup of the Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides phylum and Prevotella-Bacteroides specific probe, were subjected to the RFLP analysis. On the basis of the RFLP profiles the Jaccard’s similarity coefficients were calculated and the dendrograms were created using the UPGMA method. The representative clones were chosen from the established groups of clones and the 16S rDNA was partially sequenced, compared to already known rRNA sequences in data banks and analysed using Clustal and Phylip phylogenetic packages. A large genetic variability of the rumen bacteria belonging to the Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides phylum was established.
Derivati cimetne kisline in lignin: vsebnost, struktura in lastnosti
Authors: LAVRENČIČ Andrej , STIBILJ Vekoslava
Published: December 2023

V prispevku navajamo pregled literature o vsebnosti, kemični sestavi in strukturi derivatov cimetne kisline, predvsem p-kumarne (PKK) in ferulne kisline (FK) ter lignina, njihovo porazdelitev v rastlinah in znotraj rastlinske celične stene. Opisane so tudi povezave lignina in derivatov cimetne kisline z različnimi strukturnimi ogljikovimi hidrati ter osnovne značilnosti strukturno in kemično spremenjenega lignina pri mutantih z rjavo osrednjo žilo (brown midrib; BMR) in mutantih z lomljivim steblom (brittle culm).
Vpliv hitrosti rasti in telesne mase bikov rjave pasme na lastnosti mesa
Authors: ZGUBIČ Evgen , ČEPIN Slavko , ŽGUR Silvester
Published: December 2023

Pri 49 bikih rjave pasme smo proučevali vpliv telesne mase živali ob zakolu in dnevnega prirasta od rojstva do zakola na lastnosti kolagena, senzorične ocene mesa, rezne trdote, delež intramuskularne maščobe, barve mesa in premer mišičnih vlaken v m. longissimus dorsi. Da bi izključili vpliv genotipa živali, smo v model vključili delež genotipa ameriške rjave pasme in očete bikov. Biki so bili zaklani pri telesni masi od 501 do 658 kg. Dnevni prirast od rojstva do zakola je znašal od 883 do 1256 g dan-1, v povprečju pa 1083 g dan-1. Telesna masa je statistično značilno vplivala na barvo mesa (L* vrednost) in na delež intramuskularne maščobe. S povečevanjem telesne mase ob zakolu je na proučevanem intervalu postajalo meso temnejše, delež intramuskularne maščobe pa se je povečeval. Pokazale so se tudi tendence povečevanja svetlosti mesa in zmanjševanja deleža intramuskularne maščobe s povečevanjem dnevnega prirasta od rojstva do zakola.
Additive genetic and environmental variance components for milk traits in goat with test day model
Authors: BREŽNIK Suzana , MALOVRH Špela , KOVAČ Milena , BIRTIČ Dušan , KOMPAN Drago
Published: December 2023

Genetic and environmental dispersion parameters for daily milk yield (DMY), fat (FC), protein (PC) and lactose contents (LC) were estimated on 1805 does of Alpine and Saanen breed. During the period 1991-1996, 24044 monthly test days were obtained from 57 herds in Slovenia. (Co)variance components for random effects and residual were estimated by REML using Powell’s algorithm. The models contained season (year-month interaction) and breed as fixed effects, litter size, day of lactation and parity as independent variables, and common flock, permanent environment and additive genetic effect (animal) as random effects. Heritability for DMY was 0.19 - 0.20, for FC was 0.16 - 0.18, for PC was 0.21 - 0.24, and for LC was 0.21 - 0.23. The greatest part of phenotypic variance of FC, PC and LC remained in residual. FC and PC had a negative genetic correlation with DMY (-0.32 and -0.41). Correlation between FC and PC was positive (+0.57), as between PC and LC (+0.27).
IN MEMORIAL TO Janez POGAČAR
Authors: AVERDUNK Gottfried
Published: December 2023

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Seznam avtorjev od leta 1976 do vključno leta 2000
Authors: STOPAR Jože
Published: December 2023

Pripravili smo seznam vseh avtorjev, ki so od leta 1976 do vključno leta 2000 objavili prispevke v Zb. Biotehniške fak. Univ. v Ljubljani. Kmetijstvo. Zootehnika. Avtorji so razvrščeni po abecednem redu. Pri vsakem avtorju smo zapisali letnik, leto in številko Zbornika ter strani primarnega prispevka. Vseh avtorjev je 288. Dobrih 50% avtorjev je enkrat sodelovalo pri objavi, več kot desetkrat pa 18 avtorjev.
Ocenjevanje energijske vrednosti krme s travinja
Authors: BABNIK Drago , VERBIČ Jože
Published: December 2023

Pri 19 vzorcih zelene krme, 5 vzorcih travne silaže in enem vzorcu sena z znano in vivo določeno prebavljivostjo smo po uradnem nemškem sistemu (DLG, 1997) ocenili vsebnost presnovljive energije (ME) in neto energije za laktacijo (NEL). Primerjalno smo energijsko vrednost in prebavljivost organske snovi (pOS) vzorcev ocenili na podlagi kemične sestave in prebavljivosti iz preglednic (DLG, 1997). Ugotovili smo, da na podlagi podatkov iz DLG preglednic podcenjujemo pOS za 2,1 ± 3,95%, vsebnost ME za 0,29 ± 0,52 MJ, vsebnost NEL pa za 0,21 ± 0,37 MJ kg-1 sušine (SS). Nekoliko manjše odstopanje od in vivo ocen smo dobili pri ocenjevanju ME (0,04 ± 0,45 MJ kg-1 SS) in NEL (0,03 ± 0,33 MJ kg-1 SS) na podlagi kemične sestave in regresijskih enačb iz literature (GfE, 1998). S hohenheimskim plinskim preskusom (in vitro) in uporabo primernih regresijskih enačb iz literature smo bistveno izboljšali točnost ocene. Razmeroma točna je bila enačba Menkeja in Steingassa (1987), po kateri smo v primerjavi z oceno in vivo podcenili vsebnost ME za 0,12 ± 0,26 MJ, vsebnost NEL pa za 0,09 ± 0,19 MJ kg-1 SS. Enačbe Aipleja in sod. (1995) so in vivo ocenjeno vsebnost ME precenile za 0,15 ± 0,24 MJ kg-1 SS, vsebnost NEL pa za 0,10 ± 0,17 MJ kg-1 SS. Pretežen del variabilnosti v vsebnosti ME je mogoče pojasniti z multiplo regresijsko enačbo na osnovi količine plina, ki nastane pri inkubaciji vzorcev z vampnim sokom in vsebnosti surovih maščob (R2 = 0,96).
Sulphur and chlorine content in forages from defined region
Authors: RAJČEVIČ Marija , ILC Anton , KUMP Peter , NEČEMER Marijan
Published: December 2023

In 1999 5 samples of pasture grass, 13 samples of grass silage, 6 samples of hay and 7 samples of maize silage were taken at random. All samples were from the defined region, and the forage was produced in similar soil and weather conditions. The grass botanical composition was comparable as well. The pasture and grasslands were manured by pig and bovine slurry. The content of sulphur and chlorine was determined by roentgen fluorescent analysis. Grass dry matter contained 2.56 ± 0.70 g of sulphur (CV = 27.29%) and 9.15 ± 4.18 g of chlorine (CV = 45.49%), grass silage 2.38 ± 0.49 g of sulphur (CV = 20.67%) and 7.19 ± 1.89 of chlorine (CV = 26.34%), hay 1.93 ± 0.48 g of sulphur (CV = 24.84%) and 5.72 ± 1.98 of chlorine (CV = 34.68%), and maize silage contained 0.88 ± 0.25 g of sulphur (CV = 28.14%) and 1.98 ± 0.86 g of chlorine (CV = 43.39%). Some results for sulphur as well as for chlorine deviated a great deal from the mean value and median. More attention should be paid to collection and preparation of samples for the analysis and determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid.
Production properties of the Black Slavonian pig breed
Authors: UREMOVIĆ Marija , UREMOVIĆ Zvonimir , LUKOVIĆ Zoran
Published: December 2023

The paper discusses the situation in the endangered autochthonous Black Slavonian Breed, developed in Croatia. A program for preserving this breed was initiated in 1996, which allowed the size of effective population (Ne) to grow from 18.46 to 32.32. Production properties of the Black Slavonian Breed are presented, i.e. litter size and fattening properties. According to the obtained results, production properties of this breed are rather limited. The number of liveborn and reared pigs per litter is 6.89 and 5.76 respectively. Under extensive conditions of fattening, daily gain in body mass starting at 27.20 and reaching 106.05 kg was 478 g, meat percentage being 42.95%.
Uporaba modelov logistične regresije za analizo povpraševanja po socialnih storitvah kot dopolnilne dejavnosti na kmetiji
Authors: KOŠMELJ Katarina , VADNAL Katja
Published: December 2023

Večina oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju v Sloveniji ni zajeta v mrežo programov in storitev, ki jih ponuja država. Kmetijstvo v širšem pomenu besede je nepogrešljiva sestavina teh programov, zato je smiselno predlagati, da se v sistem socialnega varstva kot izvajalce vključi tudi kmetije z ustrezno dopolnilno dejavnostjo.
Raziskovali smo pripravljenost staršev oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju do vključevanja njihovih potomcev v življenje in delo na kmetiji. Anketiranje 271 staršev je pokazalo, da je 67 % staršev pripravljenih vključiti svojega potomca v življenje in delo na kmetiji, 19 % je neodločenih, ostalih 14 % je izrazilo negativno mnenje. Z modelom nominalne logistične regresije smo analizirali vpliv določenih lastnosti oseb z motnjo in njihovih staršev na pripravljenost. Analiza je pokazala statistično značilen vpliv starosti osebe s posebnimi potrebami, stopnje motnje in njegovih izkušenj s kmetijstvom ter vpliv izobrazbe njegovih staršev.
Rezultati našega dela kažejo, da je največje povpraševanje po tovrstnih socialnih storitvah iskati v skupini, ki ima naslednje lastnosti: gre za osebe z motnjo v duševnem razvoju, stare do 25 let, ki imajo izkušnje s kmetijstvom. Dodatni želeni lastnosti sta: zmerna stopnja motnje in starši z več kot osnovno izobrazbo. Drugo ciljno skupino predstavlja skupina neodločenih, ki se od skupine, ki je naklonjena vključevanju, razlikuje predvsem po skromnejših izkušnjah, ki jih imajo osebe z motnjo s kmetijstvom, in po višji stopnji motnje.
Razvoj metode za določanje topnega organskega dušika v tleh
Authors: KMECL Veronika , SUŠIN Janez
Published: December 2023

Vzporedno ugotavljanje vsebnosti mineralnega dušika (Nmin) in topnega organskega dušika (TOD), ki ga ekstrahiramo iz zemlje z 0,01 M razt. CaCl2, omogoča izboljšanje napovedovanja gnojenja z dušikom. V ta namen smo razvili metodo določanja topnega organskega dušika v tleh. Metodo smo ustrezno analitsko verificirali. Slednje smo zagotovili s primerjavo rezultatov analiz, ki smo jih dobili znotraj mednarodne medlaboratorijske primerjalne sheme WEPAL (Wageningen Evaluating Programme for Analytical Laboratories, Nizozemska). Kot primer uporabnosti vpeljane in verificirane metode meritev topnega organskega dušika v tleh prikazujemo primer gnojilnega poskusa s koruzo na štirih poskusnih lokacijah v Sloveniji.
Nutritional comparison of tartary buckwheat with common buckwheat and minor cereals
Authors: BONAFACCIA Giovanni , FABJAN Nina
Published: December 2023

Since the epidemiological studies show that consumption of whole grains and grain-based products is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, a great interest for different cereals and similar plants have appeared. Several minor cereals, pseudocereals and other alternative crops, that have been left off production in the beginning of previous century, are now being reintroduced in European functional food production.
Preference and perceived naturalness in visual perception of naturalistic landscapes
Authors: SIMONIČ Tanja
Published: December 2023

In landscape design legacy, diverse naturalistic landscape design types develop from a range of design approaches in application of the idea of nature. Naturalistic landscapes are important and valuable experiential landscapes. It is argued in the article, that naturalistic landscapes are not a single perceptual category and that the level of abstraction of natural condition affects not only preference for them, but also perceived naturalness. In addition, also other identifiable variables exist (namely Maintenance, Plant species diversity, Familiarity, Mystery, Coherence, Legibility, and Complexity), that to some extent account for these preferences and perceived naturalness. In the study, preference and perceived naturalness judgements were obtained for a selection of natural, naturalistic and geometrically designed landscape scenes. The results show, that naturalistic landscapes are more preferred than geometrical, and partly also more preferred than natural and that they consist of different visually perceived types. The most preferred are ‘Landscape style’ and ‘Wild garden’ scenes, less preferred are ‘Natural’ and ‘Biotope’ scenes, the least preferred are ‘Geometrical’ scenes. In addition, ‘Natural’ and ‘Biotope’ scenes are also perceived as the most natural. Preference is predicted mostly by Coherence, whereas perceived naturalness is predicted by several predictors, namely Preference, Maintenance, Familiarity, and Mystery. Hierarchy of score grouping for preference is as follows: form, content, structure, and spatial order. Slight difference is observed for perceived naturalness. In regard to perceived naturalness, the landscape scenes are grouped by content, form, structure and spatial order. Four distinctive groups of participants were clustered in regard to preference for landscape scenes, and three groups in regard to perceived naturalness.
Genetic parameters of weaning-to-oestrus interval in pigs using Bayesian analysis
Authors: MALOVRH Špela , KOVAČ Milena , RÖHE Rainer
Published: December 2023

Genetic parameters for weaning-to-oestrus interval (WOI) were estimated on 11,026 sows from pig selection farm Ptuj (Slovenia). Univariate analyses of observations of WOI across parities and two-trait analyses of records of primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) sows were performed applying Bayesian approach. WOI was analysed on original scale, transformed using a natural log transformation (lnWOI) and considered as a mixture of normal and exponential distributions (trWOI). Statistical model included genotype, season of service as year-month interaction, and parity as fixed effects, and previous lactation length and number of piglets weaned as covariates. Direct additive genetic effect and permanent environment were considered as random effects. (Co)variance components were estimated by Bayesian analyses. Gibbs chains of length between 130,000 and 180,000 were run. Univariate analysis for sows across parities resulted in heritability estimates of 0.06, 0.07, and 0.07 for WOI, lnWOI and trWOI, respectively. Permanent environment (PE) accounted for 26 % of phenotypic variation for WOI and 19 % for both lnWOI and trWOI. In bivariate analysis, heritability was 0.19 in PP and 0.06 in MP. Genetic correlation for WOI between PP and MP was 0.80. The PE proportion was 0.10 in MP sows. Based on genetic parameters, selection on improved rebreeding performance in pigs is expected to be most efficient considering WOI in primiparous and multiparous sows as different traits. Transformation of WOI increased the genetic parameters only slightly.
Contribution to the knowledge on bionomics of Byctiscus betulae L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) on grapevine
Authors: TRDAN Stanislav , VALIČ Nevenka
Published: December 2023

At a time of its massive occurrence on grapevine a less known part of the vine leaf roller (Byctiscus betulae L.) bionomics was studied in the period from the last decade of April until the first decade of May 2000 in the region of Slovenian Istria. It was established that in 90% of the cigar-like structures, which are formed of rolled leaves, their length was between 6.5 to 10.0 cm. In almost 50% of cases the females lay 3–4 eggs per 'cigar'. A statistically significant and very weak positive correlation was noted between the length of the 'cigar' and the number of eggs laid into the ‘cigar’. A similar statistical relationship was observed between the number of bitten leaves during the supplemental feeding of weevils and the number of  ‘cigars’. This shows that the number of laid eggs is influenced by a number of factors and that the females do not lay eggs only on the plants on which they feed, but also on other plants. Though the weevil can harm on average more than 10 leaves in the early stage of vine development, it is listed among interesting rather than among damaging insects. The most abundant in the population were the weevils of metallic green color.
effect of different scion/rootstock combinations on yield properties of cv. `Cabernet Sauvignon`
Authors: ČUŠ Franc
Published: December 2023

The yield properties of different scion/rootstock combinations for cv. `Cabernet Sauvignon` (Vitis vinifera L. cv. `Cabernet Sauvignon`) were evaluated. The experiment was set in the Vipava Valley as a randomised group trial. The planting material was cv. `Cabernet Sauvignon` standard selected in Slovenia and clones 191 and 15 of French selection. The rootstocks inspected in the combinations with scions were `Kober 5BB`, `SO 4` and `420 A Mgt` (V. berlandieri Planch. x V. riparia Michx.),  `1103 Paulsen` (V. berlandieri Planch. x V. rupestris Scheele.) and `3309 Couderc` (V riparia Michx. x V. rupestris Scheele.). The vines were trained on double Guyot and monitored during 2001 and 2002. At the harvest the yield/vine and number of bunches/vine were recorded and the sample of 100 berries/vine was taken. The samples of berries were weighed and analysed for grape sugar and acids content. During the dormant season one-year-old canes were weighed. Data were statistically analysed using the one-way analysis of variance. The standard material showed greater vegetative and productive potential than cl. 191 when both were grafted onto `SO 4`. The consequence was lower grape quality for standard. Although the differences in productivity and grape quality between standard grafted onto different rootstocks were not significant it was obvious that `1103 Paulsen`, in comparison with `SO 4` and `420 A Mgt`, significantly increased the vegetative growth of scion.  The difference in the yield/vine between standard grafted onto `Kober 5BB` and cl. 15 grafted onto `3309 Couderc` was unstable but with the former combination better grape quality was achieved and one fold higher pruning weight/vine was detected in both years.
Trženjska strategija Zavarovalnice pri vstopanju na nov trg kmetijskih zavarovanj
Authors: GRŽELJ Jadran , VADNAL Katja
Published: December 2023

V razmerah majhnega trga kmetijskih zavarovanj lahko zavarovalnica svojo poslovno rast temelji na ponudbi novih vrst teh zavarovanj ali na območnem širjenju njihovega trga. Zavarovalnica, ki je predmet proučevanja, želi svoje poslovanje razširiti na trg Bosne in Hercegovine. Cilj raziskave je ugotoviti, ali lahko Zavarovalnica na novem trgu uporabi standardizirano strategijo trženja kmetijskih zavarovanj, ki jo uporablja v Sloveniji, ali pa mora strategijo trženja diferencirati in jo tako prilagoditi razmeram na novem ciljnem trgu. Na podlagi komparativne tržne analize okolja trženja, ciljnih tržnih segmentov in njihovih tržnih potencialov so za vsak segment izdelali SPIN matriko in iz nje izpeljali strategijo trženja. Rezultati kažejo, da lahko Zavarovalnica, kljub velikim razlikam v okolju trženja kmetijskih zavarovanj, obsegu in strukturi tega trga ter potencialnih kupcih, pri vstopu na trg Bosne in Hercegovine uporabi standardiziran model trženja, vendar z odlogom. Na tem trgu lahko Zavarovalnica  uspešno trži storitev »kmetijska zavarovanja« na način, kot je to storitev tržila na slovenskem trgu pred letom 1990. Tako lahko revitalizira storitev, ki je na slovenskem trgu že zastarala, in s tem doseže stroškovno učinkovitost in višjo dobičkonosnost trženja kmetijskih zavarovanj.
Fizikalne lastnosti ploda oreha (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: BERNIK Rajko , SOLAR Anita , SKOK Denis
Published: December 2023

Analizirali  smo fizikalne lastnosti plodov navadnega oreha (Juglans regia L.): velikost, maso, prostornino jedrc, luščine in zraka v luščini ter opravili tlačni preskus plodov  letnika 2001 pri kultivarjih 'Franquette', 'G-139' in 'Parissienne', da bi ugotovili, katere lastnosti najbolj vplivajo na kakovost drobljenja luščin in kateri izmed proučevanih kultivarjev je najbolj primeren za strojno drobljenje luščine.
Direct shoot regeneration from nodes of Phalaenopsis orchids
Authors: KOŠIR Polonca , ŠKOF Suzana , LUTHAR Zlata
Published: December 2023

Nodes with dormant buds from flower stalks of orchid Phalaenopsis sp. were plated on six culture media. The composition of the culture media affected the induction, regeneration, number and form of Phalaenopsis regenerants. We managed to obtain direct shoot regeneration without callus formation on all media except for medium F. Medium A, supplemented with 2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l of a–naphtalenacetic acid (NAA) was found to be the most appropriate of all the media used for rapid micropropagation of a large number of vegetative shoots (multiplication factor 8.35 per node) without roots 160 days after inoculation. We found medium B, supplemented with 4.41 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l NAA less appropriate for vegetative shoot production (multiplication factor 2.08 per node) also because the regenerants ceased to elongate. Medium C, containing BAP (2 mg/l) and a lower nitrogen content showed the highest multiplication rate (0.54 per node) for generative regenerants formation. Vegetative regenerants with a generative shoot also formed. This type of regenerant could be of major commercial interest, since period until flowering would be much shortened. Dormant bud induction was poor on medium E (23% regeneration rate) and there was no regeneration on medium F. Regenerants with well-developed roots on medium D (no hormones) most resembled the adult plants, but the vegetative multiplication rate was lower (1.18 per node). Most vegetative regenerants were ready for acclimatization after 90 days of subcultivation on medium D, which also proved to be a successful subcultivation medium for regenerants formed on media A, B and C.
Plant characteristics for distinction of red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.) cultivars grown in central Slovenia
Authors: ŽNIDARČIČ Dragan , OSVALD Jože , TRDAN Stanislav
Published: December 2023

Eight red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.) cultivars were screened for plant characteristics, yield, resistance to Erysiphe cichoracearum and their persistence of bolting over a two-year period (2002 and 2003 growing seasons) in central Slovenia. On two years with meteorologically different conditions the highest total and marketable weight of heads (i.e. total weight – weight of removed damaged leaves) were obtained from cv. 'Averto', followed by cv. 'Mesola' and 'Rubino'. The most compact heads in both years, were produced by cv. 'Palla rossa-super'. Less productive cultivars of red chicory were on average the most infected with the powdery mildew caused by E. cichoracearum. In 2002 the fungus occurred in a substantially larger extent than in 2003, which was less favourable for spread of the pathogen. The higher temperatures, prevailing in summer 2003, presumably promoted a greater percentage of bolting in plants. Among eight cultivars studied through two years, cv. 'Castel Franco', 'Averto' and 'Mesola' drew no incidence of bolters.
Nekatere metode za pripravo regionalnih scenarijev podnebnih sprememb
Authors: BERGANT Klemen , KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ Lučka
Published: December 2023

Za oblikovanje strategij prilagoditev predvidenim podnebnim spremembam potrebujemo scenarije bodočega podnebja v regionalni skali. Lokalne podnebne razmere so običajno v veliki meri odvisne od procesov, ki potekajo v manjši skali, kot je prostorska ločljivost globalnih modelov splošne cirkulacije (MSC), ki so orodje za proučevanje odziva podnebnega sistema na spremembe sestave ozračja. V delu so zato prikazani načini, kako premostimo prepad med obsežno prostorsko in regionalno skalo, kar imenujemo tudi empirično zmanjševanje skale. Pri tem smo za povezavo podnebnih spremenljivk v regionalni oziroma lokalni skali s podnebnimi spremenljivkami v obsežni skali uporabili različne matematične modele. Modele, ki temeljijo na izmerjenih vrednostih v preteklosti, smo uporabili za projeciranje rezultatov simulacij štirih MSC. Pri tem predpostavimo, da bo v spremenjenih podnebnih razmerah matematični opis odvisnosti med lokalno podnebno spremenljivko in podnebno spremenljivko v globalni skali še vedno veljaven. V obdobju 2001 do 2030 se bodo v Sloveniji temperature zraka povečale za 0.5°C do 2.5°C, v obdobju 2031 do 2060 za 1°C do 3.5°C in v obdobju 2061 do 2090 za 1.5°C do 6,5°C. Več težav je z empiričnimi modeli za ocenjevanje letne količine padavin, saj je kakovost modelov zadovoljiva le za mesece hladne polovice leta.
Ivan Bolle kot fitomedicinski raziskovalec in pisec
Authors: MAČEK Jože
Published: December 2023

Ivan Bolle je bil proti koncu 19. in v začetku 20. stoletja ne samo eden najvidnejših slovenskih temveč tudi avstrijskih kmetijskih strokovnjakov. Prvenstveno je bil velik in svetovno priznan specialist za rejo in bolezni sviloprejk. Kot ravnatelj Goriške postaje za svilorejo, sadjarstvo in vinogradništvo pa je deloval tudi na zadnjih dveh in na drugih kmetijskih področjih. V tem prispevku je Ivan Bolle predstavljen tudi kot fitomedicinski pisec, ki je objavljal razne sestavke o škodljivcih kmetijskih rastlin in njihovem zatiranju, v manjšem obsegu tudi o boleznih omenjenih rastlin. Menim pa da je znanstveno s tega področja najtehtnejše preučevanje parazitskih in saprofitskih gliv na gojenih gospodarskih in okrasnih ter samoniklih rastlinah. Iz območja tedanjega Primorja (Küstenland, Litorale) sta skupaj s Feliksom von Thümenom, uveljavljenim fitopatologom in mikologom iz Klosterneuburške poskusne postaje,  ugotovila na različnih rastlinah 374 vrst gliv s številnimi gostiteljskimi rastlinami in nahajališči. Od tega je bilo pet za znanost novih vrst poimenovano v čast Ivanu Boletu, 58 vrst pa je bilo poimenovanih za nove vrste.
Rodovi lipicancev slovenske reje glede na haplotip mitohondrijske DNK
Authors: KAVAR Tatjana , HABE Franc , DOVČ Peter
Published: December 2023

Z analizo mitohondrijske DNK 53 lipicancev slovenske reje smo našli 17 različnih haplotipov mitohondrijske DNK. Deset haplotipov (Capriola, Allegra, Monteaura, Slavina, Batosta, Gratiosa, Wera, Betalka, Dubovina in Gaetana) je bilo značilnih za klasične lipicanske rodove, haplotip Thais za nov slovenski rod Rebecca in haplotipi M, C, Strana, Trompeta, Boka in Y za lipicanske rodove hrvaškega, romunskega ali madžarskega izvora. Visok delež haplotipov, značilnih za klasične rodove, je bil pričakovan, ker so v Sloveniji po letu 1947 želeli obnoviti lipicansko čredo predvsem s klasičnimi rodovi. Rezultati kažejo, da so bili trije klasični rodovi obnovljeni z lipicanci iz napačnih rodov; v teh rodovih imajo lipicanci slovenske reje namreč različne haplotipe kot lipicanci iz drugih evropskih držav. Več kot en haplotip smo našli znotraj štirih rodov, kar kaže na dodatne nepravilnosti v rodovnikih. Predlagamo, da se nepravilnosti odpravijo z uvedbo novih rodov in z manjšimi prerazporeditvami lipicancev med rodovi. Geografski izvor lipicanskih haplotipov ostaja večinoma neznan, toda haplotipa Allegra in Monteaura bi bila lahko španskega izvora, ker so taki haplotipi najbolj pogosti pri iberijskih (andaluzijskih in lusitano konjih) ter severno-afriških konjih (berberih). Kladrubski izvor haplotipov Batosta in Slavina, ki sta značilna za lipicanska rodova kladrubskega izvora Africa in Almerina, lahko potrdimo z odkritjem obeh haplotipov pri današnjih kladrubskih konjih; arabski izvor haplotipa Gaetana, ki je značilen za lipicanski rod arabskega izvora Gidrane, pa z visoko pogostostjo haplotipa Gaetana v populaciji arabskih konj.
Impact of enrichment medium on PCR-based detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food
Authors: JERŠEK Barbara , MAJSTOROVIĆ Tamara , KLUN Nataša , SMOLE MOŽINA Sonja
Published: December 2023

The detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food samples using enrichment and PCR is described. The objectives were to determine whether the type of enrichment medium has the influence on the results obtained with PCR and to evaluate proposed method by analysing naturally contaminated food samples. Comparative evaluation of different enrichment media for bacteria of the genus Listeria (half Fraser - HF, buffered peptone water - BPW, triptic soy yeast extract broth -  TSBYE, universal preenrichment broth - UPB) showed that only the UPB enabled detection of L. monocytogenes in artificially contaminated food samples after 24h of incubation. The PCR-based method gave equal results as standard cultural method by analysis of naturally contaminated food samples. Described PCR-based procedure is comparable to some other PCR-based methods of L. monocytogenes detection in foods and shows promise as a rapid, routine method which requires 30-72 h, whereas cultural methods require 96-120 h.
A carlavirus serologically closely related to Carnation latent virus in Slovenian garlic
Authors: MAVRIČ Irena , RAVNIKAR Maja
Published: December 2023

Three carlaviruses have been reported in garlic: Garlic common latent virus (GCLV), Shallot latent virus (SLV) and a virus closely related to Carnation latent virus (CLV), this last reported in Argentina. We found a carlavirus related to CLV (abbreviation CG) in two Slovenian varieties of garlic that reacted to the homologous titre in EM decoration tests with antisera to CLV but reacted less strongly with antiserum to GCLV. A CLV antiserum absorbed with isolate of GCLV still clearly differentiated between CG, CLV and GCLV. The virus could not be separated from GCLV by mechanical inoculation to differential test plants, but the GCLV/CG mixture gave only local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa and C. murale, and did not infect Nicotiana clevelandii whereas CLV from carnation systemically infects both plants. CG particles were present at a level of about 2 % compared with particles of GCLV and may have been overlooked by other investigators, especially as they react quite strongly with GCLV antiserum.
Comparison of laboratory TDR soil water measurements
Authors: ZUPANC Vesna , ADAM Gregor , PINTAR Marina
Published: December 2023

Reliable soil moisture sensors are essential for agricultural application. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a useful method for nondestructive, continuous measurements of soil water content. Laboratory measurements of soil volumetric water content by the TDR 100 Time Domain Reflectometer were compared to gravimetric measurements in three soils, Clay Loam, Silt Loam and Sand soil. Comparison between original and homemade 10 cm and 20 cm rods was made. TDR 100 gave good results in Clay Loam and Silt Loam soil and over estimated VWC in Sand soil. Results showed little or no difference between original and homemade sensor measurements.
Načrtovanje in izgradnja relacijske podatkovne baze za funkcionalna živila
Authors: JUVAN Simona , BARTOL Tomaž , BOH Bojana
Published: December 2023

Predstavljena je zasnova in izgradnja relacijske podatkovne baze za funkcionalna živila. To so živila, ki so del vsakodnevne prehrane in pozitivno vplivajo na zdravje ter zmanjšujejo tveganje za nastanek nekaterih bolezni. Relacijska podatkovna baza, zasnovana po Fienkelsteinovi metodi, vsebuje entitete, atribute in primarne ključe. Glavne entitete so: biološko aktivne snovi, klasifikacija, lastnosti, živila, fiziološki učinki, bolezni, postopki, zakonodaja, bibliografija in funkcionalna klasifikacija. Normalizirana baza, zgrajena v programu MS Access 2000, temelji na podatkovnem slovarju entitet, atributih, relacijah in entitetnem diagramu. Vsebuje podatke za 35 biološko aktivnih snovi, pridobljene iz 140 primarnih virov (članki, knjige ipd.). Klasifikacijsko drevo temelji na podlagi deskriptorjev iz tezavra FSTA, pridobljenih s pomočjo bibliometrične analize. Predstavljena je s šestimi med seboj povezanimi obrazci: Klasifikacija, Biološko aktivne snovi, Živilo, Bolezni, Zakonodaja, Bibliografija in Iskanje ter podaja odgovore na vprašanja: (1) kaj so funkcionalna živila, (2) katere aktivne snovi vsebujejo, (3) kako delimo biološko aktivne snovi (klasifikacija), (4) katere biološko aktivne snovi znižujejo tveganje za nastanek določenih bolezni, (5) kakšne so fizikalno kemijske lastnosti aktivnih snovi in (6) kakšna je zakonodaja na tem področju. Uporabniška aplikacija je dostopna kot CD-ROM in je namenjena širšemu krogu uporabnikov.
Cross–compliance – statutory management requirements (Situation of the Czech Republic)
Authors: BUDŇÁKOVÁ Michaela , ČERMÁK Pavel , STAŇA Jaroslav
Published: December 2023

Common Agricultural Policy of EU means to transform the system of farm subsidies in the European Union. The conditions of direct payments in the frame of the new system under the common agriculture policy reform are called “single payment scheme“(SPS). Statutory management requirements and rules of good agricultural and environmental conditions are called collectively as cross-compliance. Since January 1, 2009 complying with the system of complete cross-compliance rules will be the condition for claiming direct payments also in the Czech Republic. The system of cross-compliance will be applied not only in the case of direct payments, but also in the case of subsidies from European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development.
Die Umsetzung der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie und die „anderweitiger Verpflichtungen” in Ungarn
Authors: PIRKÓ Béla
Published: December 2023

Die Besserung der diffusen räumlichen Schmutzquellen, die durch die landwirtschaftliche Produktion verursacht werden, stellt eine große Herausforderung für das Umsetzen der EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie vor. Mit der Einführung der neuen Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik sind die Möglichkeiten, um die Umwelt zu bessern gegeben. Die EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRR) im Rahmen der „anderweitigen Verpflichtungen“ (Cross Compliance) muss bis 2015 gesichert werden. Ungarn hat das Programm der notwendigen Tätigkeiten noch nicht vollständig detailliert. Da die Landwirtschaft einer der gröβten Wasserverbraucher (Bewässerung) in Ungarn ist, wird eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe den guten Zustand der Gewässer zu sichern. Die Bestrebungen der Landwirte zu intensiverer Produktion werden durch die Einführung der WRR gebremst werden.
Poskusi pridelovanja bratinskega košutnika (Gentiana lutea L. subsp. symphyandra Murb.) na območju zahodne Slovenije
Authors: KUŠAR Anita , BARIČEVIČ Dea
Published: December 2023

Uvajanje zdravilnih in aromatičnih rastlin v pridelovanje je pomembna faza pri ohranjanjunaravnih izvorov rastlinskih vrst in zagotavljanju kakovostnega rastlinskega materiala kotvhodne surovine za farmacevtsko in živilsko predelovalno industrijo. V poskus je bil vključenbratinski košutnik (Gentiana lutea L. subsp. symphyandra Murb.), ki je ogrožena rastlinskavrsta tako na območju Slovenije kot na območju Evrope. V poskus pridelovanja sta bilavključena dva ekotipa (Nanos in Vremščica) bratinskega košutnika. Pridelovanje je potekalona treh lokacijah (Vogrsko, Vremščica in Podkraj), rastline so bile v nasad sajene v dvehobravnavanih terminih (pomlad in jesen). V nasadih bratinskega košutnika smo spremljalipreživetje rastlin po sajenju v nasad, pridelek in kakovost pridelane droge. Ekotip rastlin naodstotek preživelih rastlin v nasadu ni imel statistično značilnega vpliva, pomembno pa jevplival na pridelek in njegovo kakovost. Lokacija sajenja na pridelek korenin ni imelastatistično značilnega vpliva, po dveh letih se je povprečna potencialna produktivnostnasadov gibala med 2,3 in 3,1 tone svežih korenin na hektar. Nasprotno pa je lokacijavplivala na kakovost pridelane rastlinske droge. Termin sajenja rastlin je značilno vplival napreživetje rastlin, na velikost pridelka in njegovo kakovost pa ni imel značilnega vpliva.
Sensory evaluation of different walnut cultivars (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: COLARIČ Mateja , ŠTAMPAR Franci , HUDINA Metka , SOLAR Anita
Published: December 2023

Sensory characteristics of walnut fruits were tested by students and employees at the Biotechnical faculty, separately, to determine the differences among cultivars ‘Chandler’, ‘Adams’, ‘Cisco’, ‘Fernette’, ‘Fernor’, ‘Franquette’, ‘Rasna’, ‘Alsószentiváni 117’ (‘A-117’) and ‘Elit’. First of all, visual properties of inshell walnuts (shell smoothness, shell colour and seam closeness) and appearance of kernel (pellicle colour, internal colour of a kernel, and kernel brightness) were evaluated, then the kernel was tasted to assess its flavour, bitterness, astringency, texture, crispness and oiliness. Visual appearance of inshell walnuts was evaluated similarly by both groups of assessors. ‘Rasna’ and ‘Fernor’ walnuts had the roughest shell. ‘Rasna’ also had the least brightness of the kernel, the darkest pellicle and it was one from among the least crispy cultivars. Shell colour of ‘Fernette’, as well as pellicle and internal colour of ‘Fernor’ were the lightest. However, each group of assessors had quite different perceptions for tasting internal traits of the kernels. In the present study useful data of sensory characteristics of walnut fruits were obtained. Some of 12 descriptors, which were evaluated in the research, could be used as a custom method for testing and introducing of new walnut varieties in Slovenia.
Kmečka družina na prehodu od tradicionalnosti k post-modernosti
Authors: PINTERIČ Lucija , ČERNIČ-ISTENIČ Majda , VRTAČNIK Jernej
Published: December 2023

Slovenska kmečka druûina se spreminja. V določenih segmentih öe ohranja svoje tradicionalne značilnosti, vendar vedno bolj prevzema tudi značilnosti moderne, mestoma celo post-moderne druûine. Tudi struktura kmečkega gospodinjstva se spreminja, večinoma ga tvori le druûinsko jedro. Vendar je v kmečki druûini öe ohranjena medgeneracijska solidarnost. Starejöa generacija pomaga mlajöi zlasti pri varstvu otrok. Kmečka druûina ima danes manj otrok, čeprav kmečko prebivalstvo kot edina poklicna skupina öe vedno ohranja svojo rodnost na ravni samoobnavljanja prebivalstva. Mladi so öe vedno pripravljeni skrbeti za svoje staröe, toda le v mejah ohranjanja svoje zasebnosti. Predaja kmetije mladim je nezanesljiva in čas predaje pogosto nedoločen.
Selenium and plants
Authors: GERM Mateja , STIBILJ Vekoslava
Published: December 2023

Selenium is of metabolic importance in cyanobacteria and in some plants, being involved in their antioxidative processes. Selenium is widely distributed on the Earth’s surface and available for plants in at least small traces. Cultivation of plants enriched with selenium could be an effective way of producing selenium rich foodstuffs and thereby increase health benefits. The essentiality of selenium to higher plants is still under debate. Selenium can increase the tolerance of plants to UV-induced oxidative stress, delay senescence, and promote the growth of ageing seedlings. Recently it has been shown that selenium has the ability to regulate the water status of plants under conditions of drought. The distribution and speciation of selenium in plants and the effect of selenium alone and in combination with some other environmental parameters is discussed.
Antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L. (peppermint) from leaf extracts – a medicinal plant
Authors: BUPESH G. , AMUTHA C. , NANDAGOPAL S. , GANESHKUMAR A. , SURESHKUMAR P. , SARAVANA MURALI K.
Published: December 2023

In the present study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity in the leaf extracts of Mentha piperita L. against pathogenic bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aureus, Pseudomonas aerogenosa, Serratia marcesens and Streptococcus aureus. The aqueous as well as organic extracts of the leaves were found to posses strong antibacterial activity against a range of pathogenic bacteria as revealed by in vitro agar well diffusion method. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of Mentha piperita showed pronounced inhibition than chloroform, petroleum ether and water, leaf extracts being more on Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aerogenosa than Streptococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aureus and Serratia marcesens.
Morphometrical and biochemical characteristics of red grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) from collection vineyard Ampelografski vrt
Authors: RUSJAN Denis , KOROŠEC-KORUZA Zora
Published: December 2023

Diversity of vine varieties is confirmed by different morphological and biochemical characteristics of each variety, especially in bunch and berry properties. The evaluation of mentioned characteristics supplements the chemotaxonomical classification and preservation of local and less known vine varieties. Morphometrical and biochemical characteristics were determined on grape berries of 14 different vine varieties, called 'Barbera', 'Merlot', 'Cabernet sauvignon', 'Syrah', 'Refošk', 'Sladki teran', 'Teran Istra', 'Pokalca', 'Plavina', 'Plovdina', 'Sladkočrn', 'Tinta Pinheira', 'Vranac' in 'Zweigelt', grown in Amphelographic vineyard. Morphological parameters were determined by morphometry, O.I.V. descriptors number codes 220, 221, 503 and with colorimeter, but biochemical parameters with several carbohydrates by HPLC and total acidity with titration. The obtained results confirmed some similarity among selected varieties, and multivariable analyses according to determined parameters group the varieties into 4 groups; in group I varieties 'Barbera Bovcon', 'Pokalca' and 'Barbera standard'; group II varieties 'Refošk', 'Syrah' and 'Teran Istra'; group III varieties 'Cabernet sauvignon', 'Merlot' and 'Zweigelt'; group IV varieties 'Sladkočrn', 'Tinta Pinheira' and 'Vranac'. The variety 'Plovdina' is not included in any group, what confirms its vast variability compared with other varieties taken into account.
Genetski nadzor inbridiranih linij
Authors: PERŠE Martina , HORVAT Simon , ROZMAN Damjana
Published: December 2023

Z razvojem molekularne genetike so postale inbridirane linije učinkovito in nepogrešljivo orodje v biomedicinskih raziskavah. Njihova uporabnost sega od raziskovanja osnovnih mehanizmov delovanja genov in genskega uravnavanja do razvoja modelov za človeške bolezni, ki so nepogrešljivi pri raziskovanju patofizioloških, biokemičnih in molekularnih mehanizmov nastanka in razvoja bolezni kot tudi pri razvijanju novih terapevtskih sredstev. Zato je povsem razumljivo, da so zahteve po uniformnih in avtentičnih živalih znotraj genetsko standardiziranih linij upravičene in s stališča verodostojnosti rezultatov nujne. Namen prispevka je opozoriti na potencialne vire genetskega razhajanja med linijami in predstaviti metode, ki se lahko uporabljajo pri genetskem nadzoru glodalcev (predvsem laboratorijskih miši in podgan) tako v vzrejnih kot poskusnih enotah.
Impact of source and application time of sulphur on the yield, oil content and protein content in winter oilseed rape
Authors: ČEH Barbara , HRASTAR Robert , TAJNŠEK Anton , KOŠIR Iztok Jože
Published: December 2023

At the experimental field of Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing at Žalec an experiment was conducted in 2006/07 to detect the impact of fertilization by K2SO4 and gypsum on the yield, oil content, oil yield, protein content, protein yield and fatty acids composition at two different cultivars of oilseed rape (cultivar Smart and hybrid Toccata). In the conditions of the experiment the source of sulphur did not impact the yield, but a negative impact of spring fertilization by sulphur at cultivar Smart was detected. At hybrid Toccata positive impact of gypsum was detected when it was fertilized at sowing. Oil content was higher at cultivar Smart by 3.32% compared to hybrid Toccata. At cultivar Smart no source of sulphur impacted significantly the yield of oil, while at the conditions of the experiment positive impact of spring applications of sulphur on the yield of oil was detected at hybrid Toccata. Oil yield was higher at cultivar Smart compared to hybrid Toccata. Protein content was not impacted by sulphur fertilization. The share of linoleic acid was higher at hybrid Toccata by 2.2% to 2.4%, the share of oleic acid was higher at cultivar Smart by 2.2% to 3.1%, the shares of other investigated acids did not differ a lot between Smart and Toccata.