bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disrupting TSLP–TSLP receptor interactions via putative small molecule inhibitors yields a novel and efficient treatment option for atopic diseases
Authors: Adhikary Partho Protim , Idowu Temilolu , Tan Zheng , Hoang Christopher , Shanta Selina , Dumbani Malti , Mappalakayil Leah , Awasthi Bhuwan , Bermudez Marcel , Weiner January , Beule Dieter , Wolber Gerhard , Page Brent DG , Hedtrich Sarah
Published: June 2024

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a key player in atopic diseases, which has sparked great interest in therapeutically targeting TSLP. Yet, no small-molecule TSLP inhibitors exist due to the challenges of disrupting the protein–protein interaction between TSLP and its receptor. Here, we report the development of small-molecule TSLP receptor inhibitors using virtual screening and docking of >1,000,000 compounds followed by iterative chemical synthesis. BP79 emerged as our lead compound that effectively abrogates TSLP-triggered cytokines at low micromolar concentrations. For in-depth analysis, we developed a human atopic disease drug discovery platform using multi-organ chips. Here, topical application of BP79 onto atopic skin models that were co-cultivated with lung models and Th2 cells effectively suppressed immune cell infiltration and IL-13, IL-4, TSLP, and periostin secretion, while upregulating skin barrier proteins. RNA-Seq analysis corroborate these findings and indicate protective downstream effects on the lungs. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first report of a potent putative small molecule TSLPR inhibitor which has the potential to expand the therapeutic and preventive options in atopic diseases.
CO2 capture by imidazolium-based deep eutectic solvents: the effect of steric hindrance of N-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Chen Mingzhe , Zhou Yi , Lu Qing , Yang Dezhong
Published: June 2024

CO2 does not react with the N-heterocyclic carbene possessing two isopropyl N-substituents in deep eutectic solvents composed of ethylene glycol and the imidazolium-based salt [IiPim][Triz].
Conformational equilibria in acrolein–CO2: the crucial contribution of n → π* interactions unveiled by rotational spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Hao , Chen Junhua , Tian Xiao , Wang Chenxu , Lan Junlin , Liu Xingchen , Zhang Zhenhua , Wen Xiaodong , Gou Qian
Published: June 2024

Using Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy complemented by theoretical analysis, this study delivers a comprehensive depiction of the physical origin of the ‘n → π* interaction’ between CO2 and acrolein.
Enhanced full-seawater splitting with a CoNiP@N,P-C core–shell electrocatalyst
Authors: Meng Fangyou , Chen Qing , Shi Kaiyi , Jia Shuangzhu , Dai Xuexin
Published: June 2024

This study investigated a novel electrocatalyst with a core–shell structure of CoNiP@N,P-C.
Partially oxidized inter-doped RuNi alloy aerogel for the hydrogen evolution reaction in both alkaline and acidic media
Authors: Kim Taehee , Jung Hwapyung , Choi Haryeong , Lee Wonjun , Patil Umakant M. , Parale Vinayak G. , Kim Younghun , Kim Jiseung , Kim Sang-Hyun , Park Hyung-Ho
Published: June 2024

RuNi alloy aerogels were created using supercritical ethanol drying, with optimal heterostructure formed through partial oxidation, exhibiting robust electrocatalytic properties in acid and alkaline media.
Femtosecond laser composite manufactured double-bionic micro–nano structure for efficient photothermal anti-icing/deicing
Authors: Xuan Sensen , Yin Huan , Li Guoqiang , Yang Yi , Wang Yuan , Liu Jiasong , Liu Senyun , Li Xiaohong , Song Yuegan , Wu Tingni , Yin Kai
Published: June 2024

A micro–nano hollow composite film (MNHF) was endowed with remarkable photothermal conversion efficiency and ice-phobic properties by a double-bionic structure under a low content of photothermal material, featuring efficient anti-icing/deicing.
Preparation of sulfur–MOF composites and their application in the Willgerodt–Kindler reaction
Authors: Sokolov Andrey V. , Kvetkin Evgeniy A.
Published: June 2024

A convenient MOF-assisted solvent-free protocol for Willgerodt–Kindler reaction with a reusable sulfur carrier is demonstrated.
Recent advances in the radical cascade reaction for constructing nitrogen heterocycles using azides as radical acceptors
Authors: Xia Dong , Shi Yun , Jiang Liying , Li Yang , Kong Jianfei
Published: June 2024

The research advances in radical tandem cyclization for constructing nitrogen heterocycles in which azide functions as a radical acceptor are reviewed.
Zn(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition of acyclic enones with azomethine ylides
Authors: Kumar Sundaravel Vivek , Olusegun Jeremiah , Guiry Patrick J.
Published: June 2024

The ZN(ii)/UCD-Imphanol-catalyzed [3 + 2] asymmetric cycloaddition of acyclic enones and azomethine ylides has been reported. Moderate to high yields (up to 94%) with excellent endo/exo selectivities (99 : 1) and up to 96.5 : 3.5 er were obtained.
A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of the biomimetic total synthesis of brevianamide A
Authors: Xu Wenqiang , Sun Tian-Yu , Di Yingtong , Hao Xiaojiang , Wu Yun-Dong
Published: June 2024

Elucidation of a plausible reaction mechanism for the migration process in the biomimetic synthesis of brevianamide A and understanding of the reaction pathway could shed light on the biosynthetic pathways of bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane alkaloids.
Ir/Co dual catalyzed hydroacylation of electron-deficient alkenes overcoming redox potential limitations
Authors: Zhou Yi , He Yong-Qin , Nie Xia , Lu Lin , Song Xian-Rong , Zhou Zhao-Zhao , Tian Wan-Fa , Xiao Qiang
Published: June 2024

An unexpected Ir/Co dual catalytic hydroacylation of electron-deficient alkenes overcoming redox potential limitations is reported.
The preparation of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines catalyzed by Schiff base zinc(ii) complex supported on magnetite nanoparticles under mild conditions
Authors: Moosavi-Zare Ahmad Reza , Najafi Raha , Goudarziafshar Hamid
Published: June 2024

Nano-[CuFe2O4@SiO2/propyl-1-(O-vanillinaldimine)][ZnCl2] was prepared by the placement of Schiff base zinc(ii) complex on the magnetite core and used as a reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-methyl-N,7-diphenyl-4,7-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamide derivatives.
Chitosan-assisted hydrogen adsorption and reversibility of Ni-doped hierarchical carbon scaffolds
Authors: Plerdsranoy Praphatsorn , Thaweelap Natthaporn , Chirachanchai Suwabun , Utke Rapee
Published: June 2024

Investigation of how chitosan facilitates hydrogen sorption and reversibility of Ni-doped hierarchical carbon.
High-efficiency removal of As(iii) from groundwater using siderite as the iron source in the electrocoagulation process
Authors: Yu Haitao , Li Junfeng , Qu Wenying , Wang Wenhuai , Wang Jiankang
Published: June 2024

This study develops a siderite-filled anode electrocoagulation system for efficient removal of As(iii) and investigates its effectiveness.
Nitridation-boosted V eg occupation of a VN@CNT flexible electrode for high-rate Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Cao Yuyang , Wei Shiqiang , Xia Yujian , Zhou Quan , Wang Yixiu , Xu Wenjie , Wang Changda , Chen Shuangming , Song Li
Published: June 2024

Flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (f-ZHSCs), with inherent safety, combine the advantages of the high power density of SCs and the high energy density of ZIBs, making them a promising energy supply device for wearable devices.
One-shot borylation synthesis of multiple resonance (MR) blue emitters via fusing benzofuran fragments within B/N skeletons
Authors: Zhao He , Han Wenkun , Xu Jianan , Bi Yan , Li He , Jiang Zilong , Ma Xiaoyu , Su Chunhui
Published: June 2024

Blue multi-resonance emitters with planar B/N skeletons are obtained through a one-shot borylation reaction with PLQYs above 99%.
Carrier mobilities and band alignments of inorganic perovskites of CsBX3
Authors: Yan Weitao , Sun Yao , Zhao Xiaokun , Yang Wen , Li Boyan , Zhong Dalong , Lu Feng , Wang Wei-Hua
Published: June 2024

For polar inorganic perovskites of CsBX3, both the acoustic deformation potential (ADP) and polar optical phonon (POP) scattering mechanisms have been considered to achieve more accurate carrier mobilities, comparable with the experimental results.
Electron transfer and energy exchange between a covalent organic framework and CuFeS2 nanoparticles
Authors: Bika Panagiota , Tzitzios Vasileios K. , Sakellis Elias , Orfanoudakis Spyros , Boukos Nikos , Alhassan Saeed M. , Tsipas Polychronis , Psycharis Vasileios , Stergiopoulos Thomas , Dallas Panagiotis
Published: June 2024

The graphic shows the structural representation of the electrostatic assembly of oppositely charged CuFeS2 nanoparticles with COF layers. Their addition in the COFs is enhancing the absorption capacity, while quenching the photoluminescence.
Neuromodulation of the Right Motor Cortex of the Lips With Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Reduce Phonological Impairment and Improve Naming in Three Persons With Aphasia: A Single-Case Experimental Design
Authors: Arheix-Parras Sophie , Franco Julie , Siklafidou Ioanna-Prodromia , Villain Marie , Rogue Caroline , Python Grégoire , Glize Bertrand
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can enhance aphasia recovery. Most studies have used inhibitory stimulation targeting the right inferior frontal gyrus. However, the motor cortex, observed to contribute to the prediction of aphasia recovery, is involved in word production and could be an appropriate target for rTMS. We aimed to observe behavioral changes in a picture naming task induced by inhibitory rTMS targeting the right motor cortex of the lips in people with poststroke aphasia.

Method:

Using a single-case experimental design, we included three participants with chronic poststroke aphasia who had phonological deficits. Each participant performed a verbal picture naming task 3 times a week for 2, 3, or 4 weeks (pseudorandom across participants) to establish a baseline naming ability for each participant. These were not therapy sessions, and no feedback was provided. Then, each participant received the intervention, inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation targeting the right motor cortex of the lips, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. Naming testing continued 3 times a week, for these latter 2 weeks. No therapy was performed at any time during the study.

Results:

Visual analysis of the graphs showed a positive effect of rTMS for P2 and P3 on picture naming accuracy and a tendency toward improvement for P1. Statistical analysis showed an improvement after rTMS for P1 (τ = 0.544,
p = .
013,
SE
Tau
= 0.288) and P2 (τ = 0.708,
p = .
001,
SE
Tau
= 0.235). For P3, even if the intervention allowed some improvement, this was statistically nonsignificant due to a learning effect during the baseline naming testing, which lasted the longest, 4 weeks. Regarding specific language features, phonological errors significantly decreased in all patients.

Conclusions:

The motor cortex of the lips could be an appropriate target for rTMS to improve naming in people with poststroke aphasia suffering from a phonological deficit. This suggests the possibility to individualize the target for rTMS, according to the patient's linguistic impairment.
Systematic Review: Singing-Based Interventions to Improve Physical Functions Related to Aging Voice in Older Adults
Authors: Yuen Crystal W.-N. , Ma Estella P.-M.
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of singing as an intervention for aging voice.

Method:

Quantitative studies of interventions for older adults with any medical condition that involves singing as training were reviewed, measured by respiration, phonation, and posture, which are the physical functions related to the aging voice. English and Chinese studies published until April 2024 were searched using 31 electronic databases, and seven studies were included. The included articles were assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations rubric.

Results:

Seven studies were included. These studies reported outcome measures that were related to respiratory functions only. For the intervention effect, statistically significant improvements were observed in five of the included studies, among which three studies had large effect sizes. The overall level of evidence of the included studies was not high, with three studies having moderate levels and the rest having lower levels. The intervention activities included trainings other than singing. These non-singing training items may have caused co-intervention bias in the study results.

Conclusions:

This systematic review suggests that singing as an intervention for older adults with respiratory and cognitive problems could improve respiration and respiratory–phonatory control. However, none of the included studies covers the other two of the physical functions related to aging voice (phonatory and postural functions). The overall level of evidence of the included studies was not high either. There is a need for more research evidence in singing-based intervention specifically for patient with aging voice.
RETRACTED: Study of hydrodynamic and thermal parameters of the air flow of a solar air heating collector
Authors: Uzbekov Mirsoli , Boynazarov Bekzod , Madaminov Javlonbek , Nasretdinova Feruza , Hamidjonov Zuhriddin , Abdullayev Abduvokhid
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Local in the conditions cheap and quality construction materials complex working exit
Authors: Rakhimov Raximboy , Askarov Xasanjon , Abdullayev Ikromjon , Kamilova Ominaxon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Rectification column laboratory device physical dependence on plate structures experimental determination
Authors: Askarov Xasanjon , Karimov Ikromali , Mirzayeva Umida , Askarova Mukhlisa Bakhromjon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Features of accounting for nonlinear work of reinforced concrete in calculations
Authors: Makhmudov Said , Askarova Mukhlisa Bakhromjon , Xasanov Davlatbek , Askarov Xasanjon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Innovative approaches to strategic management of analytical studies and forecasting of the activities of hotel and restaurant business enterprises
Authors: Dzhyndzhoian Volodymyr , Khodak Olga , Yakovlieva-Melnyk Nataliia
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The role of motivation for self-education in the training of public catering workers
Authors: Petržílka Slavibor , Nianko Viktoriia , Poltorak Anastasiya S. , Pet'ko Lyudmila , Ridel T.M.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Ways to use interdisciplinary connections by showing the solution of one insurance problem in teaching
Authors: Hajiyeva R.J. , Asgarova B.H. , Haciyev R.N.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Comparative analysis of psychologist-expert competence based on information technologies
Authors: Olimov Laziz , Maxmudova Zulfiya
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Using elements of c++ programming language in teaching informatics with mathematics
Authors: Hajiyeva R.J.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Ecological groups of mammals found in Bukhara region and adjacent areas
Authors: Raimov A.R. , Bakayeva Sh.B. , Kalandarova D.S.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Assessment of the economic-structural changes of the agriculture of the republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Zakhidov Gafurjon , Roziyev Shahruzbek
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Chemical composition of helichrysum maracandicum popov ex kirp. in the condition in vitro cultivated
Authors: Tashpulatov Y.Sh. , Sarabekov A.T. , Khasanov N.S. , Valiyev Sh.A. , Khujanov A.N.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Acceleration of the vehicle’s technique for collecting environmental particulates caused by tyre and brake wear
Authors: Karimova K. , Boltayeva Mokhichekhra , Jumaniyozova Muhayyo
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Importance of design in dresses
Authors: Mamatkulova Saida , Mirbobayeva Gulhayo , Ulug`boboyeva Mavjudaxon , Yakubov Nosirjon , Nizamova Barno , Tursunova Xilola
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The significance of creating embroidery patterns from art decoration techniques in the field of sewing - knitting
Authors: Mamatkulova Saida , Berdyeva Rano , Obidova Irodakhon , Khoshimova Maftuna , Rakhmonova Malohat , Mominov Bekzod
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: A study of cotton fiber movement in pneumomechanical spinning machine adapter
Authors: Korabayev Sherzod , Soloxiddinov Jakhongir , Odilkhonova Nafisa , Rakhimov R. , Jabborov Anvar , Qosimov Ahtam A.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Scientific analysis of the morphological state of cotton varieties in the experiment before defoliation
Authors: Ubaydullayev Madaminjon , Usmonov Nodirjon , Mirzaikromov Mirzabobur , To‘xtashev Farrux , Umarqulova Barchinoy , Ergashev Nodirbek
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Development of technology for producing functional fabric with variable structure
Authors: Khamraeva Sevarahon , Kadirova Dilfuza , Rakhimkhodzhaev Saidivoris
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Social effect of the protective fabrics on human health and environment
Authors: Turaxujayeva Nilufar , Yermatov Rustam , Mamashoyev Fazliddin , Abdurakhimova Maftunakhon , Khankhadjaeva Nilufar
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Development of a transformation assortment based on ecological and health-safe leather research
Authors: Khojiev Abdurakhim , Turdiyeva Ugiloy
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Axiological approach in ESG education
Authors: Kukalová Gabriela , Ibragimova Rano , Fayzullayev Djamshid , Narmanov Otabek , Nazarova Lola
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Methods of teaching fundamental sciences based on the integration of information and pedagogical technologies
Authors: Faizullayev Jamshid , Mirzakarimov Ergashboy , Mamayusupov Jamshid , Tillaboyev Bobur , Tillaboyeva Guljahon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The language of Uzbek films of the independence period in the mirror of morphological standards
Authors: Shirinova Mekhrigiyo , Rajabova Marifat , Amonova Zilola , Safarova Hilola , Qo’ldoshev Rustambek
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: About some of Osman Kochqor’s translations In Uzar literature
Authors: Norova Nasiba , Davronova Shokhsanam , Axmedova Shoira , Xudoyqulova Marhabo
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Potential glycolytic mechanism of endurance in athletics in female group students
Authors: Ergasheva Ozoda
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Dynamics of citizenship position development in political science students based on an integrative approach
Authors: Jumayev Rustam
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Indirect speech in Uzbek, Russian and German languages and its comparative analysis
Authors: Ruziev Yarash , Khudoev Samandar , Abdulxayrov Dilshod
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
Chronische inflammatorische demyelinisierende Polyradikuloneuropathie
(CIDP)
Authors: Kaulen Barbara , Hagemann Laura , Lehmann Helmar C.
Published: June 2024

Die chronische inflammatorische demyelinisierende Polyradikuloneuropathie (CIDP)
ist die häufigste chronische Autoimmunerkrankung des peripheren Nervensystems.
Sie ist häufig schwierig zu diagnostizieren. Die CIDP ist mittlerweile mittels
verschiedener Immuntherapeutika gut behandelbar. In diesem Beitrag wird die
Diagnose und Therapie der CIDP anhand eines typischen Fallbeispiels
erläutert.
Vielfältige Entwicklungen aus Neurologie und
Psychiatrie
Authors: Reichmann Heinz
Published: June 2024

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser der „Fortschritte der Neurologie ·
Psychiatrie“!

Heute halten sie erneut ein Heft in der Hand, was sowohl neurologisch als auch
psychiatrisch relevante neue Entwicklungen zusammenfasst und diskutiert. Von Seiten
des neurologischen Fachgebietes möchte ich insbesondere auf die Arbeit von Kaulen et
al. hinweisen, die eine Zusammenfassung bezüglich Diagnostik, Symptomatik und
Therapie der häufigsten chronischen Autoimmunerkrankung des peripheren
Nervensystems, nämlich der chronischen inflammatorischen demyelinisierenden
Polyradikuloneuropathie (CIDP) vorstellen. Im Gegensatz zum Guillain-Barré-Syndrom
handelt es sich bei der CIDP um eine chronische Erkrankung, wobei die Symptome
subakut über einen Zeitraum von wenigen Wochen auftreten. Da es sich insbesondere um
eine demyelinisierende Erkrankung handelt, finden sich elektrophysiologisch
Reduktionen der Nervenleitgeschwindigkeiten und Leitungsblöcke. Die Autoren liefern
eine sehr schöne Übersicht über die typischen elektroneurographischen Kriterien für
die Diagnose der CIDP und weisen dann auf den klassischen Verteilungstyp hin, der
distal und proximal symmetrisch charakterisiert ist. Von Seiten der aktuellen
Therapiemöglichkeiten werden als Therapie der ersten Wahl Steroide, Immunglobuline
und Plasmapherese genannt. Mit Recht weisen die Autoren darauf hin, dass es
mittlerweile, was viele Patienten sehr begrüßen, da es sich um eine chronische
Erkrankung handelt, auch die Möglichkeit der subkutanen Immunglobulintherapie gibt.
Des Weiteren werden Immunsuppressiva, wie Azathioprin, Cyclophosphamid,
Mycophenolatmofetil und Rituximab diskutiert. Warnend möchte ich bezüglich des
Rituximab auf eigene Erfahrungen hinweisen, dass dies nur bei guter Dokumentation
(Hinweis auf off-label-use) von den Krankenkassen übernommen wird.
Homöopathie – Option im Sinne von Planetary Health
Authors: Riker Ulf
Published: June 2024

Dass der Klimawandel weitreichende Folgen für Mensch, Tier und Natur hat, ist nicht erst seit gestern bekannt. Wissenschaft, Politik und Wirtschaft haben es jedoch versäumt, geeignete Lösungen zu finden und umzusetzen. Dennoch kann jeder Einzelne selbstbestimmt und eigenverantwortlich allgemeine Maßnahmen im Alltag ergreifen. Das betrifft aber auch die Medizin und die Frage, wie man medizinisch behandelt werden möchte. Am Beispiel der Homöopathie zeigt der Beitrag, dass die Therapie nicht nur wirksam ist, sondern auch die Umwelt schont.
Frontal sulcotomy through 3D printed illuminated endoport for minimally invasive evacuation of a deep-seated intracerebral hematoma - A case report
Authors: Trejo-Olguin Eduardo , Morales-Gomez Jesus Alberto , Garcia-Estrada Everardo , Villegas-Aguilera Marco Antonio , Ramos-Delgado Cesar Alessandro , Cantú-Hernández Jorge Alberto , Martinez-Ponce de Leon Angel Raymundo
Published: June 2024

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage carries high mortality and disability rates and usually affects deep brain structures. We have implemented a self-designed low-cost 3D-printed illuminated endoport for the surgical drainage of a deep spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient who arrived with right hemiparesis and a GCS score of 10. A minimally invasive approach was made and our patient had a favorable functional outcome after surgery. Carrying out this approach with a low-cost 3D-printed endoport makes it possible to offer a safe and efficient treatment option to a low-income country population.
A Discount Approach to Reducing Nursing Alert Burden
Authors: Thompson Sarah A. , Kandaswamy Swaminathan , Orenstein Evan
Published: June 2024

Background Numerous programs have arisen to address interruptive clinical decision support (CDS) with the goals of reducing alert burden and alert fatigue. These programs often have standing committees with broad stakeholder representation, significant governance efforts, and substantial analyst hours to achieve reductions in alert burden which can be difficult for hospital systems to replicate.

Objective This study aimed to reduce nursing alert burden with a primary nurse informaticist and small support team through a quality-improvement approach focusing on high-volume alerts.

Methods Target alerts were identified from the period of January 2022 to April 2022 and four of the highest firing alerts were chosen initially, which accounted for 43% of all interruptive nursing alerts and an estimated 86 hours per month of time across all nurses occupied resolving these alerts per month. Work was done concurrently for each alert with design changes based on the Five Rights of CDS and following a quality-improvement framework. Priority for work was based on operational engagement for design review and approval. Once initial design changes were approved, alerts were taken for in situ usability testing and additional changes were made as needed. Final designs were presented to stakeholders for approval prior to implementation.

Results The total number of interruptive nursing alert firings decreased by 58% from preintervention period (1 January 2022–30 June 2022) to postintervention period (July 1, 2022–December 31, 2022). Action taken on alerts increased from 8.1 to 17.3%. The estimated time spent resolving interruptive alerts summed across all nurses in the system decreased from 197 hours/month to 114 hours/month.

Conclusion While CDS may improve use of evidence-based practices, implementation without a clear framework for evaluation and monitoring often results in alert burden and fatigue without clear benefits. An alert burden reduction effort spearheaded by a single empowered nurse informaticist efficiently reduced nursing alert burden substantially.
Availability and Opportunities for Expansion of Buprenorphine for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: McKendrick Greer , Stull Samuel W. , Sharma Anjalee , Dunn Kelly E.
Published: June 2024

There is an urgent need to expand access to treatment for persons with opioid use disorder (OUD). As neurologists may frequently encounter patients with chronic pain who have developed OUD, they are in a position to serve as advocates for treatment. Buprenorphine is the most scalable medication for OUD in the United States, yet expansion has plateaued in recent years despite growing treatment needs. Reluctance of providers to establish treatment with new patients, challenges with rural expansion, stigma related to buprenorphine-based care, and pharmacy pressures that incentivize low dispensing and inventories may have stalled expansion. This review introduces these challenges before outlining actionable and evidenced-based strategies that warrant investigation, including methods to improve patient access to care (remotely delivered care, mobile delivery programs, Bridge programs) and provider retention and confidence in prescribing (expert consults, Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes, a telementoring model, hub-and-spoke services), as well as novel innovations (virtual reality, artificial intelligence, wearable technologies). Overall, fortifying existing delivery systems while developing new transformative models may be necessary to achieve more optimal levels of buprenorphine treatment expansion.
Predictive Factors of Radioactive Iodine Therapy Refractoriness in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Bel Lakhdar Majdouline , Mouaden Ayat , Zekri Mourad , Alami Dounia , Zarouf Hamza , Ghfir Imad , Guerrouj Hasnae
Published: June 2024

Aim Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy being a standard of care. However, RAI refractoriness, occurring in a subset of patients, significantly impacts survival rates. Understanding predictive factors for RAI refractoriness is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from 90 DTC patients at Ibn Sina University Hospital, Morocco. Patients were categorized into RAI-refractory (RAIR) and non-RAIR groups based on established criteria. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression, were performed to identify predictive factors of RAI refractoriness.

Results Age at the time of diagnosis ≥ 54 years, primary tumor diameter ≥ 29 mm, and distal/nodal metastasis were independent predictors of RAIR-DTC. Additionally, the oncocytic carcinoma histological subtype significantly increased the risk of refractoriness. These findings were consistent with previous studies and underscored the importance of early detection and risk stratification.

Conclusion Recognition of predictive factors for RAI refractoriness, including age, tumor size, distal/nodal metastasis, and histological subtype, facilitates early identification of high-risk patients. This enables timely intervention and personalized treatment strategies, particularly relevant in resource-limited settings. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore additional molecular markers for improved prediction of RAI refractoriness.
Complimentary Role of [18F]FDG and [18F]NaF-PET/CT in Evaluating Synchronous Thyroid Carcinoma and Parathyroid Adenoma with Brown Tumors
Authors: Edamadaka Yeshwanth , Parghane Rahul V. , Basu Sandip
Published: June 2024

We herein present a patient initially suspected of multiple lytic skeletal metastasis of unknown primary on anatomical imaging. Metabolic imaging by [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) detected focal [18F]FDG uptake in the right thyroid nodule, mild [18F]FDG uptake in soft tissue lesion in the left inferior parathyroid region, and multiple nonavid osteolytic skeletal lesions. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the right thyroid nodule showed papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The patient had raised serum parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels, suggesting parathyroid disease. [18F]-sodium fluoride (NaF)-PET/CT showed a metabolic superscan pattern of hyperparathyroidism with brown tumors rather than metastatic lytic skeletal lesions. Patient underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral central compartment clearance, along with soft tissue lesion resection in the left inferior parathyroid region. Finally, histopathology confirmed PTC classical variant with no aggressive histology features (pT1N0) for thyroid nodule and parathyroid adenoma for soft tissue lesion in the left inferior parathyroid region. The findings of the [18F]FDG and [18F]NaF-PET/CT imaging were helpful for making a final diagnosis of synchronous thyroid cancer and parathyroid adenoma, which in turn guided the appropriate treatment strategy.
Identifiability and characterization of transmon qutrits through Bayesian experimental design
Authors: Reddy Sohail
Published: June 2024

Robust control of a quantum system is essential to utilize the current noisy quantum hardware to its full potential, such as quantum algorithms. To achieve such a goal, a systematic search for an optimal control for any given experiment is essential. The design of optimal control pulses requires accurate numerical models and, therefore, accurate characterization of the system parameters. We present an online Bayesian approach for quantum characterization of qutrit systems, which automatically and systematically identifies optimal experiments that provide maximum information on the system parameters, thereby greatly reducing the number of experiments that need to be performed on the quantum testbed. Unlike most characterization protocols that provide point-estimates of the parameters, the proposed approach is able to estimate their probability distribution. The applicability of the Bayesian experimental design technique was demonstrated on test problems, where each experiment was defined by a parameterized control pulse. In addition to this, we also present an approach for iterative pulse extension, which is robust under uncertainties in transition frequencies and coherence times, and shot noise, despite being initialized with wide uninformative priors. Furthermore, we provide a mathematical proof of the theoretical identifiability of the model parameters and present conditions on the quantum state under which the parameters are identifiable. The proof and conditions for identifiability are presented for both closed and open quantum systems using the Schrödinger equation and the Lindblad master equation, respectively.
Research on propagation law of partial discharge ultrasonic signal in converter transformer
Authors: Duan Hao , Cheng Lin , Luo Chuanxian , Zhang Jing , Su Zhonghuan
Published: June 2024

When local discharge occurs inside the transformer, it will be accompanied by a burst sound to generate an ultrasonic signal, which can be used for fault monitoring and diagnosis inside the transformer. This paper focuses on studying the converter transformer and simulating and analyzing the location where local discharge is likely to occur in the converter transformer. The provided information includes the distribution of sound pressure within and outside the converter transformer and the impact of the winding on this distribution. Furthermore, the investigation focuses on the testing of local discharge in converter transformers using ultrasonic signals. A local discharge detection device for converter transformers has been developed. The experiment and analysis have been conducted, and what was learned was compared to the simulated outcomes. The determination of the local discharge position in converter transformers is based on the analysis of the time-varying waveform obtained at the observation point. This approach offers a novel method for finding and identifying local discharge.
Illuminating the coevolution of photosynthesis and Bacteria
Authors: Nishihara Arisa , Tsukatani Yusuke , Azai Chihiro , Nobu Masaru K.
Published: June 2024

Life harnessing light energy transformed the relationship between biology and Earth—bringing a massive flux of organic carbon and oxidants to Earth’s surface that gave way to today’s organotrophy- and respiration-dominated biosphere. However, our understanding of how life drove this transition has largely relied on the geological record; much remains unresolved due to the complexity and paucity of the genetic record tied to photosynthesis. Here, through holistic phylogenetic comparison of the bacterial domain and all photosynthetic machinery (totally spanning >10,000 genomes), we identify evolutionary congruence between three independent biological systems—bacteria, (bacterio)chlorophyll-mediated light metabolism (chlorophototrophy), and carbon fixation—and uncover their intertwined history. Our analyses uniformly mapped progenitors of extant light-metabolizing machinery (reaction centers, [bacterio]chlorophyll synthases, and magnesium-chelatases) and enzymes facilitating the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle (form I RuBisCO and phosphoribulokinase) to the same ancient Terrabacteria organism near the base of the bacterial domain. These phylogenies consistently showed that extant phototrophs ultimately derived light metabolism from this bacterium, the last phototroph common ancestor (LPCA). LPCA was a non-oxygen-generating (anoxygenic) phototroph that already possessed carbon fixation and two reaction centers, a type I analogous to extant forms and a primitive type II. Analyses also indicate chlorophototrophy originated before LPCA. We further reconstructed evolution of chlorophototrophs/chlorophototrophy post-LPCA, including vertical inheritance in Terrabacteria, the rise of oxygen-generating chlorophototrophy in one descendant branch near the Great Oxidation Event, and subsequent emergence of Cyanobacteria. These collectively unveil a detailed view of the coevolution of light metabolism and Bacteria having clear congruence with the geological record.
Dipeptidyl peptidases and E3 ligases of N-degron pathways cooperate to regulate protein stability
Authors: Shimshon Adi , Dahan Karin , Israel-Gueta Mor , Olmayev-Yaakobov Diana , Timms Richard T. , Bekturova Aizat , Makaros Yaara , Elledge Stephen J. , Koren Itay
Published: June 2024

N-degrons are short sequences located at protein N-terminus that mediate the interaction of E3 ligases (E3s) with substrates to promote their proteolysis. It is well established that N-degrons can be exposed following protease cleavage to allow recognition by E3s. However, our knowledge regarding how proteases and E3s cooperate in protein quality control mechanisms remains minimal. Using a systematic approach to monitor the protein stability of an N-terminome library, we found that proline residue at the third N-terminal position (hereafter “P+3”) promotes instability. Genetic perturbations identified the dipeptidyl peptidases DPP8 and DPP9 and the primary E3s of N-degron pathways, UBR proteins, as regulators of P+3 bearing substrate turnover. Interestingly, P+3 UBR substrates are significantly enriched for secretory proteins. We found that secretory proteins relying on a signal peptide (SP) for their targeting contain a “built-in” N-degron within their SP. This degron becomes exposed by DPP8/9 upon translocation failure to the designated compartments, thus enabling clearance of mislocalized proteins by UBRs to maintain proteostasis.
Identifying colours in the absorption spectrum with an app
Authors: Machado Natalia Alves , Hahn Marcelo Dumas , Cruz Frederico Alan de Oliveira , Carvalho Paulo Simeão
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the challenges faced by students with colour blindness during the exploration of light spectra, emphasizing the crucial adaptation of educational materials for effective learning. The proposed solution, characterized by its low-cost and straightforward implementation, involves the use of smartphone apps, notably the ‘ColorADD,’ to assist students who cannot perceive colours in understanding spectral phenomena. This topic is integrated into the curricula of both high school and undergraduate physics courses in Portugal and Brazil. This approach represents a tangible opportunity to promote inclusive scientific education, fostering active participation and ensuring equal opportunities for colour-blind students without compromising their overall visual perception.
The design, circuit realization and applications of chaotic system with offset-boosting and multistability
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Pengyuan , Wang Xinghao , Cheng Nana
Published: June 2024

Based on the foundation of a three-dimensional Jerk chaotic system, a novel four-dimensional chaotic system based on a memristor with cosine magneto-memristor is proposed. The system’s dynamical behavior is analyzed using bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, multiple bifurcation diagrams, two-parameter Lyapunov exponents, complexity, and attractor basins. It is found that this new chaotic system exhibits characteristics such as multistability, transient chaos, intermittent chaos, spike discharge, controllable multi-vortex, and offset-boosting. The chaotic system is designed and simulated in analog circuit and realized in a digital circuit using a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The consistency between simulation results and implementation results demonstrates the existence and feasibility of the system. Finally, the significance and superiority of the control scheme are verified based on the adaptive anti-synchronization control strategy, and the synchronization strategy is applied to image encryption, and the results show that the encryption effect is excellent and the anti-jamming ability is strong.
Natural metric-affine inflation
Authors: Racioppi Antonio , Salvio Alberto
Published: June 2024

We consider here natural inflation in the low energy (two-derivative) metric-affine theory containing only the minimal degrees of freedom in the inflationary sector, i.e. the massless graviton and the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (PNGB). This theory contains the Ricci-like and parity-odd Holst invariants together with non-minimal couplings between the PNGB and the above-mentioned invariants. The Palatini and Einstein-Cartan realizations of natural inflation are particular cases of our construction. Explicit models of this type featuring non-minimal couplings are shown to emerge from the microscopic dynamics of a QCD-like theory with an either sub-Planckian or trans-Planckian confining scale and that is renormalizable on Minkowski spacetime. Moreover, for these models, we find regions of the parameter space where the inflationary predictions agree with the most recent observations at the 2σlevel. We find that in order to enter the 1σregion it is necessary (and sufficient) to have a finite value of the Barbero-Immirzi parameter and a sizable non-minimal coupling between the inflaton and the Holst invariant (with sign opposite to the Barbero-Immirzi parameter). Indeed, in this case the potential of the canonically normalized inflaton develops a plateau as shown analytically.
A search for AGN sources of the IceCube diffuse neutrino flux
Authors: McDonough K. , Hughes K. , Smith D. , Vieregg A.G.
Published: June 2024

The origin of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by the IceCube Observatory remains largely unknown.
Although NGC 1068 and TXS 0506+056 have been identified as potential neutrino sources, the diffuse flux of neutrinos must have additional sources that have not yet been identified.
Here we investigate potential correlations between IceCube's neutrino events and the Fermi and MOJAVE source catalogs, using the publicly-available IceCube data set. We perform three separate spatially-dependent, energy-dependent, and time-dependent searches, and find no statistically significant sources outside of NGC 1068. We find that, under the most optimistic assumptions of a spectral index of 2.0 and a neutrino flux uncorrelated with the gamma ray flux, no more than 13% of IceCube's neutrino flux originates from blazars over the whole sky. Then, using an energy-dependent likelihood analysis, the limit on neutrinos originating from blazars reduces to 9% in the Northern hemisphere under the same spectral index and flux assumptions. Finally, we set limits on individual sources from the MOJAVE radio catalog after finding no statistically significant time-flaring sources.
Gravitational waves in a cyclic Universe: resilience through cycles and vacuum state
Authors: Angelis Mariaveronica De , Smith Adam , Giarè William , van de Bruck Carsten
Published: June 2024

We present a generalised calculation for the spectrum of primordial tensor perturbations in a cyclic Universe, making no assumptions about the vacuum state of the theory and accounting for the contribution of tensor modes produced in the dark energy phase of the previous cycle. We show that these modes have minimal impact on the spectrum observed in the current cycle, except for corrections on scales as large as the comoving Hubble radius today. These corrections are due to sub-horizon modes produced towards the end of the dark energy phase, persisting into the ekpyrotic phase of the next cycle as additional quanta. In relation to the vacuum state, we argue that non-Bunch-Davies quanta can easily overwhelm the energy density driving the dark energy phase, potentially compromising the model. Therefore, avoiding backreaction effects sets restrictive constraints on deviations away from the Bunch-Davies vacuum during this phase, limiting the overall freedom to consider alternative vacua in the cyclic Universe.
Ward identities under the frame transformations in curved space-time
Authors: Mandal Susobhan
Published: June 2024

Scalar-tensor theories of gravity are considered to be competitors to Einstein's theory of general relativity for the description of classical gravity, as they are used to build feasible models for cosmic inflation. These theories can be formulated both in the Jordan and Einstein frame, which are related by a Weyl transformation with a field transformation, known together as a frame transformation. These theories formulated in the above two frames are often considered to be equivalent from the point of view of classical theory. However, this is no longer true from the quantum field theoretical perspective. In the present article, we show that the Ward identities derived in the above two frames are not connected through the frame transformation. This shows that the quantum field theories formulated in these two frames are not equivalent to each other. Moreover, this inequivalence is also shown by comparing the effective actions derived in these two frames.
A 16-bit 18-MSPS flash-assisted SAR ADC with hybrid synchronous and asynchronous control logic
Authors: Ji Junyao , Ji Xinao , Zhou Ziyu , Dai Zhichao , Chen Xuhui , Zhang Jie , Jiang Zheng , Zhang Hong
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a 16-bit, 18-MSPS (million samples per second) flash-assisted successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) utilizing hybrid synchronous and asynchronous (HYSAS) timing control logic based on an on-chip delay-locked loop (DLL). The HYSAS scheme can provide a longer settling time for the capacitive digital-to-analog converter (CDAC) than the synchronous and asynchronous SAR ADC. Therefore, the issue of incomplete settling or ringing in the DAC voltage for cases of either on-chip or off-chip reference voltage can be solved to a large extent. In addition, the foreground calibration of the CDAC’s mismatch is performed with a finite-impulse-response bandpass filter (FIR-BPF) based least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm in an off-chip FPGA (field programmable gate array). Fabricated in 40-nm CMOS process, the prototype ADC achieves 94.02-dB spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR), and 75.98-dB signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) for a 2.88-MHz input under 18-MSPS sampling rate.