bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Muskat problem with surface tension and equal viscosities in subcritical $$L_p$$-Sobolev spaces
Authors: Matioc Anca-Voichita , Matioc Bogdan-Vasile
Published: June 2021

In this paper we establish the well-posedness of the Muskat problem with surface tension and equal viscosities in the subcritical Sobolev spaces$$W^s_p(\mathbb {R})$$Wps(R), where$${p\in (1,2]}$$p∈(1,2]and $${s\in (1+1/p,2)}$$s∈(1+1/p,2). This is achieved by showing that the mathematical model can be formulated as a quasilinear parabolic evolution problem in$$W^{\overline{s}-2}_p(\mathbb {R})$$Wps¯-2(R), where $${\overline{s}\in (1+1/p,s)}$$s¯∈(1+1/p,s). Moreover, we prove that the solutions become instantly smooth and we provide a criterion for the global existence of solutions.
Large scale simulation of pressure induced phase-field fracture propagation using Utopia
Authors: Zulian Patrick , Kopaničáková Alena , Nestola Maria Giuseppina Chiara , Fink Andreas , Fadel Nur Aiman , VandeVondele Joost , Krause Rolf
Published: June 2021

Non-linear phase field models are increasingly used for the simulation of fracture propagation problems. The numerical simulation of fracture networks of realistic size requires the efficient parallel solution of large coupled non-linear systems. Although in principle efficient iterative multi-level methods for these types of problems are available, they are not widely used in practice due to the complexity of their parallel implementation. Here, we present Utopia, which is an open-source C++ library for parallel non-linear multilevel solution strategies. Utopia provides the advantages of high-level programming interfaces while at the same time a framework to access low-level data-structures without breaking code encapsulation. Complex numerical procedures can be expressed with few lines of code, and evaluated by different implementations, libraries, or computing hardware. In this paper, we investigate the parallel performance of our implementation of the recursive multilevel trust-region (RMTR) method based on the Utopia library. RMTR is a globally convergent multilevel solution strategy designed to solve non-convex constrained minimization problems. In particular, we solve pressure-induced phase-field fracture propagation in large and complex fracture networks. Solving such problems is deemed challenging even for a few fractures, however, here we are considering networks of realistic size with up to 1000 fractures.
Association of biochar properties with changes in soil bacterial, fungal and fauna communities and nutrient cycling processes
Authors: Dai Zhongmin , Xiong Xinquan , Zhu Hang , Xu Haojie , Leng Peng , Li Jihui , Tang C. , Xu Jianming
Published: June 2021

Soil microorganisms play crucial roles in soil nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, fertility maintenance and crop health and production. To date, the responses of microorganisms, such as microbial activity, diversity, community structure and nutrient cycling processes, to biochar addition have been widely reported. However, the relationships between soil microbial groups (bacteria, fungi and microscopic fauna) and biochar physicochemical properties have not been summarized. In this review, we conclude that biochar affects soil microbial growth, diversity and community compositions by directly providing growth promoters for soil biota or indirectly changing soil basic properties. The porous structure, labile C, high pH and electrochemical properties of biochar play an important role in determining soil microbial abundance and communities, and their mediated N and P cycling processes, while the effects and underlying mechanisms vary with biochar types that are affected by pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type. Finally, we highlight some issues related to research methodology and subjects that are still poorly understood or controversial, and the perspectives for further research in microbial responses to biochar addition.
A more accurate half-discrete Hilbert-type inequality in the whole plane and the reverses
Authors: Rassias Michael Th. , Yang Bicheng , Meletiou Gerasimos C.
Published: June 2021

A more accurate half-discrete Hilbert-type inequality in the whole plane with multi-parameters is established by the use of Hermite–Hadamard’s inequality and weight functions. Furthermore, some equivalent forms and some special types of inequalities and operator representations as well as reverses are considered.
Simultaneous Determination of Flavonoids from Bamboo Leaf Extracts Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Li Xiabing , Tao Wuqun , Xun Hang , Yao Xi , Wang Jin , Sun Jia , Yue Yongde , Tang Feng
Published: June 2021

An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of ten major functional flavonoids (isoorientin, orientin, vitexin, isovitexin, apigenin, luteolin, tricin, quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol) in different bamboo species was developed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a reversed-phase C-18 column with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phases. Detection was performed in negative ion electrospray ionization mode using multiple reaction monitoring mode. The correlation coefficients for the calibration curves ranged from 0.9955 to 0.9997. The limit of detection ranged from 1 to 45 ng/ml. The applicability of this analytical approach was confirmed by the successful analysis of real leaf samples of four bamboo species, family Poaceae: Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) Keng f., Phyllostachys glauca McClure, Phyllostachys edullis (Carrière) J.Houz, and Indocalamus latifolius (Keng) McClure. The total flavonoid contents were 3321.09, 3095.96, 4037.33, and 2808.42 mg/kg for P. amarus, P. glauca, P. edullis, and I. latifolius, respectively.

Graphical abstract
Let’s Clean Up and Bring Some Order Here! Moral Regulation of Markets in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Toivonen Aurélie , Martí Ignasi
Published: June 2021

This study examines activities and processes through which projects of moral regulation are implemented as well as lived, transformed, and resisted by their targeted actors. Our ethnographic study focuses on discourses and practices of civic duty for orderly and hygienic conduct in the rehabilitation of marketplaces in Yaoundé, Cameroon. By drawing on the inhabited institutions approach and the literature on ethics as practice, our analysis extends research on moral work to put forward a perspective on moral regulation as a situated practice. We show how moral work is built on individual reflections but is simultaneously negotiated through actors’ relationships, that is, responsibilities to family, interactions within the community, and personal history.
Data-based polyhedron model for optimization of engineering structures involving uncertainties
Authors: Qiu Zhiping , Wu Han , Elishakoff Isaac , Liu Dongliang
Published: June 2021

This paper studies the data-based polyhedron model and its application in uncertain linear optimization of engineering structures, especially in the absence of information either on probabilistic properties or about membership functions in the fussy sets-based approach, in which situation it is more appropriate to quantify the uncertainties by convex polyhedra. Firstly, we introduce the uncertainty quantification method of the convex polyhedron approach and the model modification method by Chebyshev inequality. Secondly, the characteristics of the optimal solution of convex polyhedron linear programming are investigated. Then the vertex solution of convex polyhedron linear programming is presented and proven. Next, the application of convex polyhedron linear programming in the static load-bearing capacity problem is introduced. Finally, the effectiveness of the vertex solution is verified by an example of the plane truss bearing problem, and the efficiency is verified by a load-bearing problem of stiffened composite plates.
COVID-19 Antibody Testing as a Precondition for Employment: Ethical and Legal Considerations
Authors: Gerke Sara , Katznelson Gali , Reiss Dorit , Shachar Carmel
Published: June 2021

Employers and governments are interested in the use of serological (antibody) testing to allow people to return to work before there is a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. We articulate the preconditions needed for the implementation of antibody testing, including the role of the U.S. Food & Drug Administration.
Over-the-Counter Monograph Safety, Innovation, and Reform Act
Authors: Gardiner Jason , Kesselheim Aaron S.
Published: June 2021

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are ubiquitous in the US. Policymakers have long debated how to modernize the system for making determinations of safety and effectiveness and addressing safety issues with OTC drugs.
Mens Daemonica: Guilt, Justice, and the Occult in South Africa
Authors: Rupcic Sonia
Published: June 2021

In winter 2014, the town of Thohoyandou, South Africa was gripped with panic after a series of rapes and murders. In this area, notorious for its occult specialists and witchcraft, stories began to circulate attributing the violence to demonic forces. These stories were given credence by the young man who was charged with these crimes. In his testimony, he confirmed that he was possessed by evil forces. Taking this story as a point of departure, this article provides an empirical account of the ambivalent ways state sites of criminal justice grapple with the occult in South Africa. Drawing on twenty-two months of ethnographic fieldwork, I describe how spirit possession is not easily reconciled with legal methods of parsing criminal liability in courtrooms. And yet, when imprisoned people are paroled, the state entertains the possibility of bewitchment in public ceremonies of reconciliation. Abstracting from local stories about the occult, this article proposesmens daemonica(“demonic mind”) to describe this state of hijacked selfhood and as an alternative to themens rea(“criminal mind”) observed in criminal law. While the latter seeks the cause of wrongdoing in the authentic will of the autonomous, self-governing subject,mens daemonicadescribes a putatively extra-legal idea of captured volition that implicates a vast and ultimately unknowable range of others and objects in what only appears to be a singular act of wrongdoing. This way of reckoning culpability has the potential to inspire new approaches to justice.
Differences over Difference: Sino-Russian Friendship at Interstate and Interpersonal Scales
Authors: Pulford Ed
Published: June 2021

Relations between states are usually framed in human terms, from partners to rivals, enemies or allies, polities and persons appear to engage in cognate relationships. Yet whether or not official ties and relationships among people from those states actually correspond remains less clear. “Friendship,” a term first applied to states in eighteenth-century Europe and mobilized in the (post)socialist world since the 1930s, articulates with particular clarity both the promise and the limitations of harmonized personal and state ties. Understandings of friendship vary interculturally, and invocations of state-state friendship may be accompanied by a distinct lack of amity among populations. Such is the case between China and Russia today, and this situation therefore raises wider questions over how we should understand interstate and interpersonal relationships together. Existing social scientific work has generally failed to locate either the everyday in the international or the international in the everyday. Focusing on both Chinese and Russian approaches to daily interactions in a border town and the official Sino-Russian Friendship, I thus suggest a newscalarapproach. Applying this to the Sino-Russian case in turn reveals how specific contours of “difference” form a pivot around which relationships at both scales operate. This study thus offers both comparison between Chinese and Russian friendships, and a lens for wider comparative work in a global era of shifting geopolitics and cross-border encounters.
Monitoring the Agulhas Current Through Maritime Traffic
Authors: Wheeling Kate
Published: June 2021

Researchers turn to the shipping industry for data on ocean surface currents.
S100P contributes to promoter demethylation and transcriptional activation of SLC2A5 to promote metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lin Mingdao , Fang Yuan , Li Zhenkang , Li Yongsheng , Feng Xiaochuang , Zhan Yizhi , Xie Yuwen , Liu Yuechen , Liu Zehao , Li Guoxin , Shen Zhiyong , Deng Haijun
Published: June 2021

Background

SLC2A5 is a high-affinity fructose transporter, which is frequently upregulated in multiple human malignant tumours. However, the function and molecular mechanism of SLC2A5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown.

Methods

We detected the expression levels of SLC2A5 in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines by western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. CRC cell lines with stable overexpression or knockdown of SLC2A5 were constructed to evaluate the functional roles of SLC2A5 in vitro through conventional assays. An intrasplenic inoculation model was established in mice to investigate the effect of SLC2A5 in promoting metastasis in vivo. Methylation mass spectrometry sequencing, methylation specific PCR, bisulphite sequencing PCR, ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assay were performed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying transcriptional activation of SLC2A5.

Results

We found that SLC2A5 was upregulated in colorectal tumour tissues. Functionally, a high level of SLC2A5 expression was associated with increased invasion and metastasis capacities of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we unveiled that S100P could integrate to a specific region of SLC2A5 promoter, thereby reducing its methylation levels and activating SLC2A5 transcription.

Conclusions

Our results reveal a novel mechanism that S100P mediates the promoter demethylation and transcription activation of SLC2A5, thereby promoting the metastasis of CRC.
Spatial transcriptome profiling by MERFISH reveals fetal liver hematopoietic stem cell niche architecture
Authors: Lu Yanfang , Liu Miao , Yang Jennifer , Weissman Sherman M. , Pan Xinghua , Katz Samuel G. , Wang Siyuan
Published: June 2021

The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche has been extensively studied in bone marrow, yet a more systematic investigation into the microenvironment regulation of hematopoiesis in fetal liver is necessary. Here we investigate the spatial organization and transcriptional profile of individual cells in both wild type (WT) and Tet2−/− fetal livers, by multiplexed error robust fluorescence in situ hybridization. We find that specific pairs of fetal liver cell types are preferentially positioned next to each other. Ligand-receptor signaling molecule pairs such as Kitl and Kit are enriched in neighboring cell types. The majority of HSCs are in direct contact with endothelial cells (ECs) in both WT and Tet2−/− fetal livers. Loss of Tet2 increases the number of HSCs, and upregulates Wnt and Notch signaling genes in the HSC niche. Two subtypes of ECs, arterial ECs and sinusoidal ECs, and other cell types contribute distinct signaling molecules to the HSC niche. Collectively, this study provides a comprehensive picture and bioinformatic foundation for HSC spatial regulation in fetal liver.
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, tuberculosis and sexually-transmitted infections among HIV positive patients in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhatayeva Ainur , Mustafa Aidana , Dzissyuk Natalya , Issanov Alpamys , Bayserkin Bauyrzhan , Vermund Sten H. , Ali Syed
Published: June 2021

In contrast with global trends, HIV prevalence in Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries has been rising in recent years. In this study, we analyzed hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), tuberculosis (TB) and sexually-transmitted (STI) co-infections among 500 HIV positive study participants recruited from all regions of Kazakhstan. Among our study participants, 27%, 8%, 2%, and 5% were coinfected with, respectively, HCV, TB, HBV, and STI. A considerable proportion of the study participants was also found with triple or quadruple infections of HCV/TB (12%), TB/STI (0.8%), HCV/STI (2%), HCV/HBV (1%), HBV/TB (0.4%), HBV/STI (0.2%), HBV/HCV/TB (0.4%), HBV/HCV/STI (0.2%), or HCV/TB/STI (0.2%). Strong associations were found of certain age groups, duration of HIV infection, and practices of injection drug use and sexual contact with PLWH, with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/TB. The odds of having death was 4.07 times higher with TB/HIV as compared to other co-infections. Co-occurrence of HIV with HCV, HBV, and TB infections among participants of this study highlights the necessity of regular screening for HCV infection among HIV infected patients, together with implementation of vigilant vaccination protocols against HBV and TB. Additionally, persons who inject drugs especially need to be focused for harm reduction efforts that include opiate substitution therapy, needle or syringe exchange programs, regular screening, and increased availability of ART and direct acting antivirals.
Alkalinity cycling and carbonate chemistry decoupling in seagrass mystify processes of acidification mitigation
Authors: Miller Cale A. , Kelley Amanda L.
Published: June 2021

The adverse conditions of acidification on sensitive marine organisms have led to the investigation of bioremediation methods as a way to abate local acidification. This phytoremediation, by macrophytes, is expected to reduce the severity of acidification in nearshore habitats on short timescales. Characterizing the efficacy of phytoremediation can be challenging as residence time, tidal mixing, freshwater input, and a limited capacity to fully constrain the carbonate system can lead to erroneous conclusions. Here, we present in situ observations of carbonate chemistry relationships to seagrass habitats by comparing dense (DG), patchy (PG), and no grass (NG) Zostera marina pools in the high intertidal experiencing intermittent flooding. High-frequency measurements of pH, alkalinity (TA), and total-CO2 elucidate extreme diel cyclicity in all parameters. The DG pool displayed frequent decoupling between pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωarg) suggesting pH-based inferences of acidification remediation by seagrass can be misinterpreted as pH and Ωarg can be independent stressors for some bivalves. Estimates show the DG pool had an integrated ΔTA of 550 μmol kg−1 over a 12 h period, which is ~ 60% > the PG and NG pools. We conclude habitats with mixed photosynthesizers (i.e., PG pool) result in less decoupling between pH and Ωarg.
Physicochemical controls on the initiation of phytoplankton bloom during the winter monsoon in the Arabian Sea
Authors: Lakshmi R. S. , Prakash Satya , Lotliker Aneesh A. , Baliarsingh Sanjiba K. , Samanta Alakes , Mathew Teesha , Chatterjee Abhisek , Sahu Biraja K. , Nair T. M. Balakrishnan
Published: June 2021

Occurrence of phytoplankton bloom in the northern Arabian Sea (NAS) during the winter monsoon is perplexing. The convective mixing leads to a deeper and well-oxygenated (> 95% saturation) mixed layer. We encountered low chlorophyll conditions though the nutrient conditions were favorable for a bloom. The mean ratio of silicate (Si) to DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen: nitrate + nitrite + ammonium) in the euphotic zone was 0.52 indicating a “silicate-stressed” condition for the proliferation of diatoms. Also, the euphotic depth was much shallower (~ 49 m) than the mixed layer (~ 110 m) suggesting the Sverdrup critical depth limitation in the NAS. We show that the bloom in this region initiates only when the mixed layer shoals towards the euphotic zone. Our observations further suggest that two primary factors, the stoichiometric ratio of nutrients, especially the Si/DIN ratio, in the mixed layer and re-stratification of the upper water column, govern the phytoplankton blooming in NAS during the later winter monsoon. The important finding of the present study is that the Sverdrup’s critical depth limitation gives rise to the observed low chl-a concentration in the NAS, despite having enough nutrients.
Attention expedites target selection by prioritizing the neural processing of distractor features
Authors: Bartsch Mandy V. , Merkel Christian , Schoenfeld Mircea A. , Hopf Jens-Max
Published: June 2021

Whether doing the shopping, or driving the car – to navigate daily life, our brain has to rapidly identify relevant color signals among distracting ones. Despite a wealth of research, how color attention is dynamically adjusted is little understood. Previous studies suggest that the speed of feature attention depends on the time it takes to enhance the neural gain of cortical units tuned to the attended feature. To test this idea, we had human participants switch their attention on the fly between unpredicted target color alternatives, while recording the electromagnetic brain response to probes matching the target, a non-target, or a distracting alternative target color. Paradoxically, we observed a temporally prioritized processing of distractor colors. A larger neural modulation for the distractor followed by its stronger attenuation expedited target identification. Our results suggest that dynamic adjustments of feature attention involve the temporally prioritized processing and elimination of distracting feature representations.
Joint control of visually guided actions involves concordant increases in behavioural and neural coupling
Authors: Painter David R. , Kim Jeffrey J. , Renton Angela I. , Mattingley Jason B.
Published: June 2021

It is often necessary for individuals to coordinate their actions with others. In the real world, joint actions rely on the direct observation of co-actors and rhythmic cues. But how are joint actions coordinated when such cues are unavailable? To address this question, we recorded brain activity while pairs of participants guided a cursor to a target either individually (solo control) or together with a partner (joint control) from whom they were physically and visibly separated. Behavioural patterns revealed that joint action involved real-time coordination between co-actors and improved accuracy for the lower performing co-actor. Concurrent neural recordings and eye tracking revealed that joint control affected cognitive processing across multiple stages. Joint control involved increases in both behavioural and neural coupling – both quantified as interpersonal correlations – peaking at action completion. Correspondingly, a neural offset response acted as a mechanism for and marker of interpersonal neural coupling, underpinning successful joint actions.
Surfactant-free production of biomimetic giant unilamellar vesicles using PDMS-based microfluidics
Authors: Yandrapalli Naresh , Petit Julien , Bäumchen Oliver , Robinson Tom
Published: June 2021

Microfluidic production of giant lipid vesicles presents a paradigm-shift in the development of artificial cells. While production is high-throughput and the lipid vesicles are mono-disperse compared to bulk methods, current technologies rely heavily on the addition of additives such as surfactants, glycerol and even ethanol. Here we present a microfluidic method for producing biomimetic surfactant-free and additive-free giant unilamellar vesicles. The versatile design allows for the production of vesicle sizes ranging anywhere from ~10 to 130 µm with either neutral or charged lipids, and in physiological buffer conditions. Purity, functionality, and stability of the membranes are validated by lipid diffusion, protein incorporation, and leakage assays. Usability as artificial cells is demonstrated by increasing their complexity, i.e., by encapsulating plasmids, smaller liposomes, mammalian cells, and microspheres. This robust method capable of creating truly biomimetic artificial cells in high-throughput will prove valuable for bottom-up synthetic biology and the understanding of membrane function.
Flower-like W/WO3as a novel cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Songmueang Korkrit , Zhang Dongdong , Cao Jin , Zhang Xinyu , Kheawhom Soorathep , Sriprachuabwong Chakrit , Tuantranont Adisorn , Wangyao Panyawat , Qin Jiaqian
Published: June 2021

Hybrid W/WO3is synthesized through a facile annealing method and applied as a novel cathode for zinc-ion batteries.
Sluggish growth of poly(ε-caprolactone) leads to petal-shaped aggregates packed with thick-stack lamellar bundles
Authors: Nagarajan Selvaraj , Woo Eamor M.
Published: June 2021

Kinetically sluggish growth of poly(ε-caprolactone) leads to peculiar camellia-petal-like bands on top, where a stereo-dissection demonstrates interior self-assembled lamellae being periodically grating-structured.
Asymmetric metal–organic frameworks with double helices for enantioselective recognition
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Shumei , Xu Zhong-Xuan , Wu Xin , Zhang Huabin , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2021

A pair of homochiral metal–organic frameworks are elaborated by employing flexible enantiopure ligands.
Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of malonate polyesters and their use as metal chelating materials
Authors: Byrne Fergal P. , Assemat Jamie M. Z. , Stanford Amy E. , Farmer Thomas J. , Comerford James W. , Pellis Alessandro
Published: June 2021

Following the environmental problems caused by non-degradable plastics there is a need to synthesise greener and more sustainable polymers.
Macrocyclization strategies for cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics
Authors: Bechtler Clément , Lamers Christina
Published: June 2021

Macrocyclization between head, tail or sidechains is a frequently employed strategy to enhance peptide and peptidomimetic stability, selectivity and affinity.
Enhanced photoluminescence of silicon quantum dots in the presence of both energy transfer enhancement and emission enhancement mechanisms assisted by the double plasmon modes of gold nanorods
Authors: Cao Jiahao , Zhang Hanjie , Pi Xiaodong , Li Dongsheng , Yang Deren
Published: June 2021

By regulating the competition between different enhancement mechanisms, we propose a scheme utilizing the double plasmon modes of GNRs, which can be adjusted separately, to efficiently increase the FRET efficiency and enhance the PL of Si QDs nearby.
Construction of CoSx–ZnIn2S4 hollow nanocages derived from metal–organic frameworks for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Ma Hongyu , Tan Yaqi , Liu Zhifei , Wei Jianhong , Xiong Rui
Published: June 2021

CoSx–ZnIn2S4 heterostructured hollow nanocages exhibit enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production due to the synergistic effect of unique hollow nanocages and a suitable semiconductor heterostructure.
Synthesis of Ni(ii)-phosphotungstic acid/nanocrystalline HZSM-5 catalyst for ultra clean gasoline in a single-stage reactor
Authors: Li Zhixin , Shi Yukun , Liu Di , Song Shengjie , Zhao Liu , Guo Ying , Chen Lidong , Wang Xiangsheng , Guo Xinwen , Cheng Weiguo
Published: June 2021

An excellent catalyst for hydrodesulfurization, aromatization and olefin hydrogenation of FCC gasoline, is designed in this paper.
Zn-Promoted gene transfection efficiency for non-viral vectors: a mechanism study
Authors: Zhao Rui-Mo , Guo Yu , Yang Hui-Zhen , Zhang Ji , Yu Xiao-Qi
Published: June 2021

Mechanism studies revealed that a Zn coordination to cyclen-based cationic polymer may effectively improve the buffering capacity and endosomal escape ability.
Multi-scale microstructure high-strength titanium alloy lattice structure manufactured via selective laser melting
Authors: Yang Xin , Ma Wenjun , Gu Wenping , Zhang Zhaoyang , Wang Ben , Wang Yan , Liu Shifeng
Published: June 2021

The tensile performance of Ti6Al4V alloy lattice structure was investigated.
Correction: Aromaticity and sterics control whether a cationic olefin radical is resistant to disproportionation
Authors: Messelberger Julian , Grünwald Annette , Goodner Stephen J. , Zeilinger Florian , Pinter Piermaria , Miehlich Matthias E. , Heinemann Frank W. , Hansmann Max M. , Munz Dominik
Published: June 2021

Correction for ‘Aromaticity and sterics control whether a cationic olefin radical is resistant to disproportionation’ by Julian Messelberger et al., Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, 4138–4149, DOI: 10.1039/D0SC00699H.
The effectiveness of the use of a powered roof support in the light of research and analysis
Authors: Szurgacz Dawid
Published: June 2021

A powered roof support is an element of a longwall complex. It is connected with a scraper conveyor by a sliding system. The conveyor carries a shearer mining the coal. The second function of the powered roof support is to protect the excavation against uncontrolled impact of the rock mass. This paper focuses on the analysis of the effectiveness of the powered roof support. The main objective is to determine the factors influencing failure-free operation in the exploitation process. Moreover, the author discusses performance requirements for the powered roof support.
Analysis of the Negative Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Technology on the Environment
Authors: Zhironkin Vitaly , Cehlar Michal
Published: June 2021

The development of the oil and gas industry around the world is connected with the development of unconventional fields, such as shale oil, using modern technologies, for example, rotary steerable systems, which allow more accurate and high-quality work on well construction, as well as multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, allowing more efficient extracting of hydrocarbons from the deposits. However, like any mining of minerals, the extraction of hydrocarbon raw materials has a harmful effect on the ecology of the area in which the extraction takes place. This occurs due to the use of a large number of chemical compounds, a small proportion of processing of rocks obtained during drilling, cleaning up territories to create infrastructure for organizing the extraction work of raw materials. The introduction of new fields into development leads to the increase in the level of industrial pollution of the environment. The impact of hydraulic fracturing technology on the environmental situation in the field is considered in the article. The author analyzes the impact of this method of increasing oil development on the environment, the experience of using this technology abroad, as well as government regulation of the use of this technology by producing companies around the world.
Prerequisites for Processing a Foam Product in the Process of Bacterial Oxidation of Gold-Bearing Concentrates in a Separate Cycle
Authors: Khamidov Rustam , Narzullayev Zhakhongir , Kuznetsov Evgeniy
Published: June 2021

The recovery of gold from refractory ores and concentrates is a significant problem in the modern gold processing industry. The use of bacterial oxidation technology at the Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Combine (Uzbekistan) made it possible to increase the share of recoverable gold during the processing of refractory ores from the Kokpatas and Daugyztau deposits. However, during the operation of the biological installation, a problem arose of abundant foaming in bacterial oxidation reactors. This article is devoted to the issue of foaming during biooxidation and its negative impact on the oxidation process. Methods of combating foaming and the choice of the optimal solution, providing for the processing of bio-oxidation foam in a separate cycle, have been analyzed.
Study of the Dependence of the Air Flow Velocity on the Parameters of the Suction Nozzle Installation of the Peat Pneumatic Harvesting Machine
Authors: Yablonev Alexander , Misnikov Oleg , Scherbakova Darya , Goryachev Valentin
Published: June 2021

The parameters influencing the suction efficiency of peat pneumatic harvesters are listed. Among them are the distance from the nozzle to the underlying surface and the angle of the nozzle. Since there is very little information and recommendations on the rational values of these parameters, it was decided, using a specially designed installation, to conduct a laboratory experiment to assess the air flow velocity, depending on the distance from the nozzle, the angle of the nozzle and the height of the nozzle above the underlying surface of the deposit. The results of the experiment are presented. It is shown, that the rational angle of the nozzle at this stage of research can be considered an angle of 30±5°. In practice, it is impossible to reproduce the zero distance from the nozzle to the underlying surface; therefore, it is recommended to limit the height of 25 mm, which is equal to the maximum size of the conditioned peat crumb. It is noted, that for more accurate results, it is necessary to carry out the following series of experimental works to assess the parameters of suction of peat chips with specific physical and mechanical characteristics.
Environmental Economic Security Management of a Coal Mining Enterprise
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir , Pimonov Alexander , Mikhailova Yana , Barbara Anna , Janocko Juraj
Published: June 2021

The structure of the mining environmental economic system, where the key role is played by a coal mining enterprise or a set of enterprises, combined, among other things, with a coal-processing infrastructure, is studied in the article. Known approaches to the definition and the features of assessing the regional environmental economic security of a coal mining enterprise are analyzed. The structure of environmental economic security management of an industrial enterprise operating in an industrialized region is considered and a method for achieving the required level of environmental economic security, expressed in the form of a cost estimate of this process, is proposed. The work performed is of practical importance for environmental surveillance of various levels and large industrial enterprises, especially those related to coal mining and processing, in order to predict the required level of environmental economic security.
Features of prosecutorial inspections of criminal fires (by the example of Kuzbass) as markers of sustainable development of mining region
Authors: Drapezo Roman , Kalashnikov Viktor
Published: June 2021

In this article, the authors consider the issues of using coal as one of the main sources of thermal energy when hiding criminal corpses by burning. It has been established that it is impossible to reproduce the conditions of a crematorium under domestic conditions, and therefore, in order to destroy a corpse, a criminal needs access to a heat source on an industrial scale. Most often, criminals use boiler and stoker stoves to hide the corpse, or destroy the corpse in storage facilities where coal is stored. In the course of investigating criminal cases about these crimes, investigators must find out how the criminal was able to get access to the source of energy - coal, in cases where the coal does not belong to him on the basis of ownership. Meanwhile, the study of criminal cases showed that the duties under consideration are not fulfilled by investigators properly or are not performed at all. The article touches upon the issues of prosecutor's supervision over the investigation of this category of cases, and measures that the prosecutor could take to activate the investigation bodies and other officials in order to counteract the use of coal in criminal acts.
Business Trends of Entrepreneurial Behavior in Ensuring Sustainable Development of the Region
Authors: Ruban Olga , Voloshin Andrey , Suslova Julia , Demchenko Svetlana , Guts Denis , Šimková Zuzana
Published: June 2021

The main criterion for the sustainable development of social-andeconomic systems is the efficiency of functioning, taking into account the current environmental conditions. At the same time, favorable opportunities for carrying out activities, performing a certain role, confirming the significance in the future period are created. The analysis of the organization of enterprises’ innovation activities made it possible to establish the main trends in entrepreneurial behavior, to identify the features of innovation implementation, taking into account modern business conditions. As a result of the study, the authors found out the reasons for the low innovation activity at the enterprises in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, identified restrictions on the introduction of new technologies, the promotion of innovative products, the influence of factors on changes in the structure of financing innovations. Based on the opinions of specialists, the article highlights favorable opportunities for sustainable development of the region in the course of technological transformation, its resource provision, taking into account the increase in the innovation potential of organizations with the active assistance of the state to the innovation infrastructure development. The ongoing innovation processes determine environmentally oriented social changes leading to the development of society, contribute to increasing the innovations’ receptivity, the life quality and become the main tasks of sustainable development of the regional economy.
Trends of Higher Education Evolution in the Multiethnic Environment of Mining Regions
Authors: Greenwald Oksana
Published: June 2021

Internationalization of higher education as a national strategy has resulted in intensive growth of the number of international students in the regional universities. A current multiethnic educational environment requires defining the trends of the regional higher education evolution aimed at training both students and educators for productive and efficient cross-cultural interaction hence enhancing the quality of higher education. The analysis of the researches devoted to sustainable development of Kuzbass (West Siberia, Russia), national and international normative legal documents regulating the implementation of multicultural education, and the experience in training international students at the flagship university of Kuzbass – Kemerovo State University – has been conducted. As a result, the following trends of the multiethnic higher education evolution have been defined: the purposeful organization of multiethnic educational environment; the shaping of tolerance to multiethnic environment in both students and teaching staff; the training of university teaching staff for professional activity in multiethnic environment, particularly, for designing the content of multicultural education along with applying modern interactive educational technologies. The defined trends promote higher quality of education and regional human capital as indispensable provision for sustainable development of the coal mining region Kuzbass.
Expanding of Green and Renewable Energy as a Condition for Economy Transition to Sustainable Development
Authors: Kayachev Gennady , Chaplina Albina , Gerasimova Elena , Rybár Radim , Usova Elena
Published: June 2021

All over the world, the topic of green growth is relevant, that is, the growth of economies through the use of modern, environmentally sound, energy efficient technologies, including the use of alternative energy sources. In a modern, dynamically changing society, renewable energy sources are of interest to an increasing number of people. This interest is quite justified, since recently coherent problems of energy and environment are becoming more and more obvious. When discussing emerging problems, the leaders of states and international organizations more often come to the conclusion that in the future these problems can be solved only with the use of environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. The development of green and renewable energy is of particular importance for the Russian industry, in which, on the one hand, the fuel and energy sector occupies one of the main places. On the other hand, the transition to sustainable development is impossible without reducing the impact of energy on the environment, which is intended to contribute to the development of green and renewable energy.
Advanced training concept for the coal mining industry in the region
Authors: Kasatkina Natalia , Krasnoshlykova Olga , Rudneva Elena , Churekova Tatiana , Levanova Albina
Published: June 2021

The article presents the concept of advanced training of personnel for the coal mining industry in the conditions of an education and technology cluster associated with the training of personnel for the region, professionally mobile, ready to implement life and professional selfdetermination. A clear understanding of a wide scope of theory, practice and critique in relation to learning environments prompts the further development of education and technology clusters aimed at integrating and concentrating the activities of educational institutions of general secondary, secondary vocational and higher education in collaboration with coalmining industry enterprises for socio-economic development of the region.
Consumer Innovation Management in the Mining Industry Economy
Authors: Amirova Naylya , Sargina Lyudmila , Khasanova Asiya
Published: June 2021

The development of product innovations acts as the directions of influence on consumer choice in the market for innovative products of mining region. Using the consumer as a generator of ideas and initiator of a new innovation process can significantly reduce the level of uncertainty and risk, as well as increase the efficiency of innovative projects in the mining industry. Currently, consumer-oriented business creates special processes, namely marketing and sales. A similar process should be initiated in the commodity sector. In the extractive industry, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) tools must be used to produce raw materials as the goods targeted at future customers. With regard to mining sector, this strategy should be based on the principles of a systematic approach, longterm partnership, the use of information and communication technologies, as well as the involvement of all owners of mining enterprise's business processes in the communication system with the participation of the consumer.
Organizational component of pedagogical interaction in ESP teaching in multinational groups in mining region by using hybrid learning
Authors: Sergeichik Tatyana , Tuniova Nin
Published: June 2021

Education is traditionally considered a non-profitable, non-commercial branch of the service sector. However, education includes hidden financial, market, social and political resources that ensure the sustainable development of an individual region. Kemerovo State University (KemSU) holds itself out not only as an educational center of the coal region, but also as a center for assembling new-generation specialists capable of supplying labor resources for the main coal and other industries in Russia and other countries. Training takes place in multinational groups, which inevitably leads to the need for pedagogical interaction research in cultural dialogue and intercultural communication. Its organizational component reflects interaction essence and is particularly important. It is a set of educational forms, methods and technologies by which the set goals and objectives are achieved as a result of the interaction and cooperation of all pedagogical interaction subjects, their cooperation and management of the whole process. We believe that the implementation of this component will ensure the sustainable development of human capital in higher education environment to the coal region.
Vom Leitsymptom zur Diagnose: abdominelle Beschwerden
Authors: Michael Mark , Kleophas Alexander , Keitel Verena , Flügen Georg , Bernhard Michael
Published: June 2021

Abdominelle Beschwerden sind ein häufiges Leitsymptom in der Notfallmedizin. Unter diesem Symptomkomplex sind eine Vielzahl verschiedener Krankheitsbilder zu fassen, die sich in intra- und extraabdominelle bzw. retroperitoneale Pathologien unterscheiden lassen und Patienten aller Altersklassen betreffen können. Ursächlich für abdominelle Beschwerden können dabei banale Erkrankungen bis hin zu vital bedrohlichen Notfällen sein. Das Akute Abdomen ist ein interdisziplinärer Notfall, bei dem eine interdisziplinäre Teamarbeit notwendig ist. Eine rasche Ersteinschätzung und Risikostratifizierung hat zum Ziel, kritisch kranke Patienten mit akutem Interventionsbedarf frühzeitig zu detektieren und einer geeigneten Therapie zuzuführen. Ein strukturiertes Vorgehen ist hierbei zum Ausschluss bzw. zur Bestätigung der wichtigsten Differenzialdiagnosen essenziell.
Functional and Mechanistic Studies of Two Anti-coccidial Herbs, Bidens pilosa and Artemisia indica
Authors: Yang Meng-Ting , Lin Yi-Xian , Yang Greta , Kuo Tien-Fen , Liang Yu-Chen , Lee Tsung-Han , Chang Cicero Lee-Tian , Yang Wen-Chin
Published: June 2021

Currently, antibiotics are commonly used to treat coccidiosis, a severe protozoal disease in chickens. However, due to growing concerns about the antibiotic residue in meat and eggs, phytogenic formulations are becoming an attractive approach to manage this disease. In this study, we investigated the anti-coccidial function and mechanism of phytogenic formulations composed of Bidens pilosa, Artemisia indica, and both used in combination. We found that these formulations increased the survival rate and reduced body weight loss, the feed conversion ratio, oocyst excretion, bloody stools, and gut lesions of chickens. Mechanistic studies showed that A. indica, but not B. pilosa, reduced the survival of Eimeria oocysts. Accordingly, they both inhibited oocyst sporulation and sporozoite invasion into Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Overall, we demonstrate that these formulations protect chickens against coccidiosis. Moreover, a combination
of B. pilosa and A. indica has an additive effect on coccidiosis control and growth performance in chickens compared to either one used alone.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Models of Care: A Review and Qualitative Evaluation of a Guideline-Recommended Integrated Care
Authors: Tay Chau Thien , Pirotta Stephanie , Teede Helena J. , Moran Lisa J. , Robinson Tracy , Skouteris Helen , Joham Anju E. , Lim Siew S.
Published: June 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder and many women are dissatisfied with their healthcare under the current fragmented health services. Here, we review existing literature on PCOS healthcare services and qualitatively evaluate an integrated PCOS service based on experiences of women with PCOS. Limited prior PCOS-dedicated services have been studied and their quantitative and efficacy-focused evaluations are summarized. Here, we also provide a broader PCOS service evaluation via semistructured interviews and surveys, with thematic analysis based on a predetermined evaluation framework. Fifteen women completed interviews and surveys. Overall the integrated, evidence-based PCOS service was well-received and women were generally satisfied with appropriateness, effectiveness, and reported positive health impact resulting from the service. Integrated care, tailored treatments, education, lifestyle support, and laser therapy were highly valued. Patients reported improvements on symptoms, understanding and confidence in managing PCOS, and emotional well-being. Elements of efficiency in the initial stages, awareness and communication, and the need for service expansion and tensions between evidence-based treatments and patient preferences were also captured to guide improvement. Further research into models of care is recommended to meet the needs of women with PCOS.