bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACTING EARLY TO PROTECT RENAL: BEYOND GLYCEMIC CONTROL OF SGLT2 INHIBITORS
Authors: Kusnadi Yulianto
Published: May 2023

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), accounting for almost half of all cases of kidney failure that necessitate replacement therapy. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with T2DM and CKD. To lower blood glucose levels by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule, sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) were developed. Consistent reductions in risks for secondary kidney disease end points (albuminuria and a composite of serum creatinine doubling or 40% estimated glomerular filtration rate decline, kidney failure, or death) were recognized in clinical trials designed to demonstrate the CVD safety of SGLT2i in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as reductions in CVD events. The DECLARE-TIMI58 (Dapagliflozin Effect on Cardiovascular Events-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 58, or DECLARE) trial in patients with T2DM, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio >300 mg/g, and estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 established the kidney and CVD benefits of dapagliflozin in patients with CKD. SGLT2i boost glomerular hemodynamic function and are figured to augment other local and systemic processes that contribute to the development of CKD and CVD. According to latest Indonesian Society of Endocrinologist’s guideline, patients with T2DM was recommended to use SGLT2i to reduce their risk of CKD and CVD, in accordance with the clinical trial entry criteria. To achieve widespread use of these life-saving medications, effective implementation strategies are required.
DETEKSI DINI GLAUKOMA DAN TATALAKSANA GLAUKOMA PRIMER STADIUM LANJUT
Authors: Sari Prima Maya
Published: May 2023

Glaukoma stadium lanjut yang ditandai dengan adanya glaukomatous optik dan defek saraf optik yang berat memiliki resiko untuk terjadinya kebutaan permanen. Kebutaan permanen yang diawali dari defek lapang pandang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup dan psikososial individu. Deteksi dini sebelum terjadinya glaukoma tahap lanjut dimulai dari skrining, anamnesis, pemeriksaan oftalmologis dan pemeriksaan penunjang diperlukan sehingga dapat menentukan tatalaksana awal yang tepat bagi pasien. Prinsip tatalaksana glaukoma stadium lanjut yaitu menurunkan tekanan intraokular (TIO) secara agresif, mengurangi fluktuasi variasi diurnal profil TIO yang berperan dalam melindungi kerusakan saraf optik dan mempertahankan lapang pandang. Penanganan secara holistik melalui aspek biopsikosospiritual (BPSS) juga dibutuhkan karena selain melibatkan aspek okular namun juga aspek biologis sistemik. Penanganan glaukoma stadium lanjut sangat bergantung pada pendekatan holistik dan personal yang akan melibatkan banyak komponen kesehatan.
THE POTENTIAL FOR AN INCREASE IN CHRONIC PAIN AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Fitrisyah Aidyl
Published: May 2023

Meskipun penyakit coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) paling sering bermanifestasi gejala pernapasan akut, satu gejala COVID-19 yang sangat umum adalah rasa nyeri. Karena COVID-19 sering menyebabkan komplikasi neurologis perifer atau pusat, diperkirakan sejumlah komplikasi nyeri kronis COVID-19 akan menjadi neuropatik. Tinjauan ini pertama-tama meneliti infeksi virus paling umum dengan komplikasi neurologis termasuk nyeri neuropatik. Komplikasi neurologis COVID-19 termasuk sindrom Guillain-Barre, mielitis, dan stroke ditinjau sehubungan dengan potensi risiko nyeri neuropatik kronis.
Formulation and Evaluation of Novel Aceclofenac Matrix Tablet Using Natural Polymers
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Sharma Dr. Vijay , Kumawat Sunil
Published: May 2023

The current study attempted to design and create Aceclofenac sustained release matrix tablets employing different proportions of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis mucilage, Mimosa Pudica mucilage as natural polymers and povidone.Aceclofenac is widely used as a centrally acting muscle relaxant; therefore, have been selected to prepare sustained release dosage forms.Different types of evaluation parameters were evaluated like appearance, thickness, diameter, weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, in-vitro dissolution studiesand stability studies.Sustained release matrix tablets can improve patient compliance by lowering the total dose and dosing schedule, which can be extremely beneficial in the treatment of chronic illnesses.

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Preparation and Evaluation of Pioglitazone Tablet by Solid Dispersion Technique
Authors: Sharma Parag , Sharma Dr. Vijay , Ravindra Dr. N.
Published: May 2023

Pioglitazone is an oral hypoglycemic drug, used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The main objectives of this study were to improve aqueous solubility of Pioglitazone by preparing its solid dispersion by fusion method using various carriers that will improve its absorption and subsequent bioavailability. The prepared tablets (TF1-TF5) were evaluated for various parameters i.e.shape and size, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug content etc. The prepared tablet passed all the tests.Finally, it can be concluded that solid dispersion of Pioglitazone may be prepared to improve its solubility and dissolution. This will lead to better absorption and hence improved bioavailability of the drug (Pioglitazone).
Effect of Benson’s Relaxation Technique on the Anxiety of Patients With COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Farhadi Fateme , Farmahini Farahani Moloud ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Varvani Farahani Pouran ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran, Abedi Ahmadreza ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
Published: May 2023

Objective: The disease of Covid-19 has many physical and psychological effects. One of the psychological effects of this disease is anxiety, which can reduce the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to effect of Benson relaxation on the anxiety of patients with covid-19. Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, which was conducted on 64 patients with covid-19 admitted to Amiralmomenin Hospital in Arak in 1400. After obtaining written consent, the subjects were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the divided into two experimental groups (32 people) and control (32 people. After teaching the Benson relaxation technique, the patients in the experimental group performed relaxation exercises for 15 minutes twice a day for 2 consecutive days. In the control group, there was routine treatment without any intervention. The data gathering tool were demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger ‘s state anxiety questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 with using the descriptive and analytic statistics (chi square test, t-test and independent t) was performed. Results: The results showed that before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the average anxiety scores of the patients in the two experimental groups (55.21 ± 8.85) and control (54.75 ± 6.62) (P>0.05), but between the average the scores of the experimental group (40.43 ± 9.97) and the control group (52.03 ± 6.35) after the implementation of Benson's relaxation showed a significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusion: Benson relaxation technique has an effect on the anxiety of corona patients, the use of this method is recommended as a complementary method in reducing the anxiety of these patients.
Effect of Valerian on Sleep Disorders of Postmenopausal Women in Iran: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Moradi Maryam , Niazi Azin ,   Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Rahimi Masoumeh ,   Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Rasa Sayeh ,   Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Menopause-related sleep disorders do not necessarily affect the amount of sleep, but they affect the quality of sleep. This study aims to review the results of clinical trials on the effect of valerian on sleep disorders of postmenopausal women in Iran. Methods In this systematic review study, a search was first conducted in SID, IranMedex, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases for the related articles published until December 2021 using keywords based on PICO strategy and MeSH terms including insomnia, menopause, valerian, sleep disorders, herbal medicine, complementary medicine, and clinical trial in Persian and English with Boolean operators (OR, AND) . The Jaded scale was used to evaluate the quality of the articles. Results Of 389 articles found by the initial search, 6 studies (sample size= 637) were reviewed. Of these, 3 studies examined the effect of valerian on sleep disorders, 2 studies examined the effect of valerian on sleep quality, and 1 study examined the effect of valerian on the sleep dimensions of postmenopausal women. Conclusion Valerian can be considered as a safe treatment for sleep disorders of postmenopausal women in Iran. Further studies are recommended to provide evidence for the best dose of valerian with the least side effects.
The Effect of Dry Cupping Therapy and Creatine Supplementation on Lactic Acid, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine Kinase in Plasma Following Wingate Anaerobic Test in Male Handball Players
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Qoliha Faiza Mohammad , Irandoust Khadijeh ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Taheri Mortaza ,   Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran., Nabilpour Maghsoud ,   Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Optimum recovery can prevent the athlete's functional capacity from falling between training sessions or competitions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dry cupping therapy and creatine supplementation on lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase and plasma creatine kinase following the Wingate anaerobic test in male handball players. Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 12 young male handball players in 4 stages with different interventions. Including groups: control, cupping, creatine and cupping with creatine were tested were tested in the laboratory of Qazvin International University. After obtaining written informed consent, in all groups, blood pressure and heart rate and body composition were measured before and after the Wingate test. The Wingate test was then performed in two 30-second stages with a 1-minute break between two performances. Blood sampling was performed in the control group before and after the Wingate test. In the cupping group with creatine, the test conditions were the same as in the cupping and creatine groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 27 software and with the help of analysis of covariance test. Results The average creatine kinase (165.12±24.81) in the cupping and cupping + creatine group has a significant decrease compared to the control group (110.12±62.81) (P=0.004). The mean of lactate dehydrogenase in the control (352.10±10.46), cupping (348.10±17.46), creatine (369.10±33.48) and cupping + creatine (356.10±06.46) groups have no significant difference (P>0.005). Conclusion It seems that creatine supplementation along with Dry cupping therapy can have positive effects in speeding up recovery by reducing creatine kinase. However, there was no significant effect on lactate dehydrogenase activity.
Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training Along With Purslane Consumption on Lipid Profile of Rats with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Kadkhoda Zeynab , Khajeie Rambod ,   Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Barjaste Yazdi Ameneh ,   Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Safipor Afshar Akbar ,   Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran., Zarei Mehdi ,   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Having physical activity and proper nutrition are very important for preventing Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). The present study aims to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with purslane (Portulaca Oleracea) supplementation on the lipid profile of rats with NAFLD Methods In this experimental study, 25 male Wistar rats randomly divided into five groups: healthy control, NAFLD control, supplement, HIIT, and HIIT + supplement. To induce NAFLD, rats received a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. The HIIT was performed for eight weeks, five sessions per week. Plasma levels of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglyceride (TG) and Total Cholesterol (TC) were measured. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used to analyze the data. Results Plasma level of TG in the HIIT + supplement group were significantly lower than in the NAFLD control group (P=0.035). The TC level in the supplement (P=0.013) and HIIT +supplement (P=0.001) groups was significantly lower than in the NAFLD control group. The HDL level in the HIIT + supplement group was significantly higher compared to healthy control (P=0.021), NAFLD control (P=0.001), HIIT (P=0.006) and supplement (P=0.018) groups. The LDL level in the HIIT (P=0.01), supplement (P=0.001) and HIIT + supplement (P=0.001) groups was significantly lower than in the NAFLD control group. Conclusion It seems that HIIT combined with purslane supplementation can have better effect compared to HIIT and purslane supplementation alone; therefore, this method can be used as a complementary therapy in people with NAFLD.
The Fundamental Differences Between Iranian Traditional Medicine and Popular Medicine
Authors:   Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Mohammadian Erdi Ali , Doost Azgomi Ramin Nasimi ,   Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Vakilabad Faraj Behzad ,   Department of Quran and Hadith Sciences, Branch Ardabil, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective One of the important systems of traditional medicine that has grown in the cradle of human civilizations and has always exported doctors, science and medicine to the farthest corners of the world, is the comprehensive system of Iranian Traditional Medicine, which is somehow different from common medicine. This article deals with the differences between Iranian Traditional Medicine and pupular medicine with a logical and philosophical approach. Methods In this review article, which was done with the analytical-descriptive method, using internet and library resources, the basics of common medicine and Iranian traditional medicine are compared. Results The main differences between Iranian traditional medicine and popular medicine is the existence of nature or the administrator power of the body, which manages the activity of all organs and ultimately the whole human body without the intervention of any kind of consciousness, while the popular school of medicine does not believe in such a thing. The second thing that differentiates these two schools from each other is the general attitude of Iranian traditional medicine towards human beings, while the common medicine has a completely mechanical approach to human beings and their health. And in this school, they try to go as deep as possible into the cell or even the molecules and find the defective point. The third point is that in Iranian traditional medicine, individual differences between people, i.e. temperament, are of fundamental importance. Conclusion In order to compare these two schools of medicine, first of all, reforms should be made in the basic and fundamental concepts of these two medicines, at the same time, in order to provide a suitable protocol for the treatment of patients, the combined method of two traditional and popular medicines should be used, which requires a complete understanding of these two medicines.
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Lettuce on the Outcome of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury in the Intensive Cares: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran., Dobakhti Faramarz , Yazdinezhad Alireza ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran., Khaleghi Hamid ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Naghibi Taraneh ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death in younger people. It activates neuroinflammatory responses that play an important role in breaking the blood-brain barrier and resulting in brain edema. Various studies have indicated the anti-inflammatory effect and the ability of lettuce extract to reduce oxygen free radicals. Therefore, it is expected to improve the consequences of TBI. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of lettuce extract on the outcomes of patients with TBI admitted to the Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Methods This is a randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups of intervention (n=15) and control (n= 15). In the intervention group, patients received 250 g of lettuce aqueous extract twice a day for 7 days. In the control group, a placebo was administered. For all patients, the levels of inflammatory markers and variables related to the patient outcome were recorded. The data were analyzed in SPSS v.18 software using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measures ANOVA, and chi-square test. Results There was no significant difference between the study groups in any study variables (P>0.05). Conclusion Lettuce aqueous extract is not effective in improving the outcomes of patients with TBI in ICUs, which can be due to the small sample size, short study duration, the illness of patients, the influence of confounding factors such as acidosis, and use of different lettuce cultivation method.
Anticonvulsant and Anti-anxiety Effects of Royal Jelly in Adult Male Syrian Rats
Authors:   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran, Iran., Yaghooti Hamid , Olapour Samaneh ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Royal jelly is a honey bee secretion with beneficial effects on the nervous system. The present study aims to investigate the effects of royal jelly in reducing seizure and anxiety-like behaviors in Syrian rats. Methods This is an experimental study. In the seizure model, 25 male white Syrian rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, royal jelly 100 mg/kg, royal jelly 200 mg/kg, royal jelly 400 mg/kg, and phenobarbital. After 30 minutes, strychnine was injected to induce seizure in animals. The time of seizure onset, seizure duration, and mortality rate in animals were recorded. In the anxiety model, 35 male white Syrian rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, royal jelly 50 mg/kg, royal jelly 100 mg/kg, royal jelly 200 mg/kg, and diazepam. Anxiety-like behaviors were examined by using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, and P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results Royal jelly at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg delayed the time of seizure onset and reduced the seizure duration compared to the control group (P<0.05). The mortality rate was also reduced after using different doses of royal jelly compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, royal jelly at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg increased the time spent in the open arms of the EPM platform and the number of entries to the open arms compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Administration of royal jelly can reduce strychnine-induced seizure and modulate anxiety-like behaviors in rats.
Effectiveness of Lettuce Syrup in Relieving Pain After Inguinal Hernia Surgery: A Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Ghari Abed , Amini Mahmood ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Kamali Alireza ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Alizadeh Shabanali ,   Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Latifi Seied Amirhosein ,   Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Objective Pain is one of the most common problems after surgery. Various strategies have been used to alleviate it. To achieve the optimal pain management, various analgesics and narcotics are used, despite of having side effects. Numerous sources of Iranian Traditional Medicine have indicated the analgesic effects of lettuce. This study aims to evaluate the effects of lettuce syrup as an adjunctive therapy on pain relief after inguinal hernia surgery. Methods This is a triple-blind clinical trial. Seventy patients candidates for inguinal hernia surgery referred to Valiasr Hospital in Arak, Iran were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and placebo. From 3 days before surgery to after surgery, lettuce and placebo syrup were prescribed separately as well as morphine, if needed. Pain was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS) during recovery and 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. The data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square test, and repeated measure ANOVA. Results The acute pain level during recovery after surgery significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group. The mean VAS score 24 hours after surgery was 0.68±1.94 in the intervention group and 2.75±8.13 in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of lettuce syrup as an adjunctive treatment is effective in reducing pain after inguinal hernia surgery.
Effect of 8 Weeks of High-intensity Interval Training on Adropin and Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Overweight Men
Authors:   Department of Sport Sciences, Khavaran Institute of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran., Abbasian Sadegh , Asghar Ravasi Ali ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Soori Rahman ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Choobineh Sirous ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Adropin is a new hormone plays an important role in improving lipid metabolism and vascular protection. The current study aims to determine the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on Adropin level and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in overweight men. Methods & Materials This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design. Participants were 32 overweight men (Mean±SD age: 30.5±3.07 years, BMI: 27.93±4.2 kg/m2). They were randomly divided into two groups of HIIT (n=16) and control (n=16). The VO2max test was first conducted. Then, the HIIT group performed 8 weeks of HIIT (3 days per week) at 20 sessions of 30 seconds with a 13-s interval between each session. Body composition was measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer and the blood sampling was done for measuring Adropin and NO metabolites by ELISA kits in pre-test and post-test phases. The data analysis was done by repeated-measures ANOVA. The significance level was set at P<0.05. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Tehran (Code: IR.UT.REC.1395007). All procedures were in accordance with guidelines of the declaration of Helsinki. Results There was a significant difference in Adropin between HIIT and control groups (0.88±0.256; 95% CI: 0.26-1.5 ng/mL). There was also a significant difference in NO metabolites between the two groups (7.5±3.03; 95% CI: 0.85-14.15 ng/ml). Moreover, there was a positive relationship between Adropin and NO metabolites in overweight men (r=0.498, P=0.0001). Conclusion It seems that HIIT can attenuate cardiovascular diseases by increasing Adropin and NO and can improve cardiovascular fitness (VO2max) and body composition of men with overweight.
Effect of Pilates and Vitamin D Supplementation on Quality of Life (QoL) and Mental Health of Overweight Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Qaimshahr Branch, Qaimshahr, Iran., Fazlollazadeh Nona , Habibian Masoumeh ,   Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Qaimshahr Branch, Qaimshahr, Iran., Askari Babison ,   Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Qaimshahr Branch, Qaimshahr, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Evidence shows that vitamin D deficiency and obesity are associated with impaired physical and mental health. This study aims to investigate the effect of Pilates and vitamin D supplementation on quality of life and mental health of overweight men. Methods & Materials This is a randomized clinical trial with a pre-test/post-test design. Fifty overweight men were selected by a convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into four groups of control, exercise, supplementation, and exercise+supplementation. The exercise and combined groups performed 8 weeks of Pilates at an intensity of 50-75% of heart rate reserve, three sessions per week. The supplementation and combined groups received 50,000 IU vitamin D capsule once per week. Assessment tools were the 36-item Short Form survey (SF-36) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The data were analyzed by paired t-test, one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. P˂0.05 was statistically significant. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the research ethics committee of Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Iran (Code: IR.IAU.BABOL.REC.1398.088). Results Vitamin D status in subjects was lower than normal (<30 ng/mL) at baseline. Eight weeks of Pilates alone, vitamin D intake alone, and the combined intervention led to a significant increase in SF-36 (10.57%, 9.26% and 15.75%, respectively) and GHQ (12.66%, 10.72% and 17.90%, respectively). However, the effect of combined intervention was higher on the SF-36 (P<0.001) and GHQ (P<0.001) scores compared to two other interventions. Conclusion It seems Pilates alone, vitamin D supplementation alone, and their combination can improve the quality of life and mental health in overweight people with vitamin D deficiency, where the combined intervention is more effective.
Effect of Four Weeks of Ginger Supplementation Followed by Acute Eccentric and Concentric Training on Irisin and Insulin Levels, Insulin Resistance Index, and Lipid Profile of Young Women With Obesity: A Randomized Clinical trial
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, khoramabad, Iran., Soleimani Asma , Fathi Mohammad ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, khoramabad, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Recently, a myokine called irisin has been discovered that affects glucose level, obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis by browning of white adipose tissue and heat production. This study aims to evaluate the effect of four weeks of ginger supplementation followed by acute eccentric and concentric training on irisin and insulin levels, insulin resistance index, and lipid profile of young women with obesity. Methods & Materials This is a randomized clinical trial. Participants were 50 young women (BMI >30 kg/m2, age: 24.86±2.87 years, height: 159.66±4.20 cm, and weight: 87.42±4.61 kg). After measuring their maximum oxygen consumption, they were randomly divided into five groups, two groups of supplementation, two groups of placebo, and one control group. The training protocol consisted of two sessions of acute eccentric and concentric activity. The supplementation groups consumed 2 g of ginger powder daily for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Ethical Considerations This study was registered by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT201104246178N1) and was approved by the ethics committee of Ilam University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MEDILAM.REC.1395.192). Results The irisin and insulin levels between increased and the glucose level decreased significantly in the supplementation groups (P<0.05). The change in insulin resistance index was not significantly different among the study groups (P>0.05). Based on the results of one-way ANOVA, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels decreased significantly (P<0.05), but the high-density lipoprotein level showed no significant difference (P<0.05). The total cholesterol level was not significantly different in terms of exercise type (P> 0.05) but was significantly different in terms of supplementation type (P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term consumption of ginger along with regular exercise can be an effective method for lowering glucose level and causing favorable changes in irisin level, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in young women with obesity.
The Role of Hemostatic System and the Importance of Blood Coagulation in COVID-19: A Review Study
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Mohammadi Fatemeh , Nikrou Maryam ,   Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Sadeghi Kimia ,   Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Askarifard Farid ,   Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Sayyadi Mohammad ,   Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disorder that can affect many body systems, including the hemostatic system. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of hemostatic system and the blood coagulation in COVID-19. Methods & Materials In this review study, the articles were searched using the keywords COVID-19, Respiratory infection, and Coagulopathy in Google Scholar, PubMed, Google Springer and Science Direct databases. Ethical Considerations Ethical principles in writing this article were observed in accordance with the guidelines of the National Ethics Committee and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Results Many changes in the coagulation profile of infected patients were reported, including changes in the platelet count, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product, D-Dimer, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. With the increase in the number of patients with COVID-19, several studies found out the occurrence of thrombosis and coagulopathy in patients. Conclusion Due to the increase in the occurrence of coagulation disorders in patients with COVID-19, the administration of anticoagulants is needed for their treatment; it can play an effective role in improving the prognosis of patients.
The Role of Parents Stress and Perceived Social Support in Predicting Children’s Emotional-social Problems
Authors:   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Nazemi Harandi Azam , Jazayeri Shadi ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Rodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Saberi Haeideh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Rodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim Emotional/social problems in childhood are associated with delinquency in adolescence, violence in adulthood, and anxiety disorders. This study aims to investigate the role of parents’ stress and perceived social support in predicting children’s emotional/social problems. Methods & Materials This is a descriptive-correlational study. The study population includes all parents and their children referred to health centers in Pardis, Tehran, Iran in 2020 who had children under 5 years of age. Of these, 230 parents were selected by a convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the Parental Stress index, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support and the child behaviour questionnaire-parent form. For data analysis, multiple regression analysis was used in SPSS software, version 25. Results Among participants, 42.6% were employed and 57.4% were housekeeper. The mean age of participants was 28.42±12.5 years. The results showed that parents’ stress and perceived social support had a significant role in predicting children’s emotional/social problems such that they explained 44.7% and 8.9% of the variance in children’s emotional/social problems. Conclusion Parents’ stress and support from friends can be effective in predicting emotional/social problems of their children.
Effect of Nurses’ Autonomy on the Quality of Patient Care Based on Kramer and Schmalenberg’s Model
Authors:   Department of Management, Faculty of Management, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran., Haghiri Mahmood , Habibpour Vahab ,   Arak University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Arak, Iran., Moharekpour Nahal ,   Arak University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Arak, Iran., Ghasemi Morteza ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim This study aims to investigate the effect of nurses’ autonomy on the quality of patient care based on Kramer and Schmalenberg’s model Methods & Materials This is a causal-comparative study. Participants were 101 nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Arak, Iran from the intensive care unit and internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, gynecology, orthopedics, and emergency departments. The data collection tools were Moghimi and Ramazan’s patent care quality questionnaire and an autonomy assessment questionnaire based on Kramer and Schmalenberg’s autonomy model. The data were analyzed in SPSS software. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the ethics committee of Islamic Azad University of Arak Branch (Code: IR.IAU.ARAK.REC.1397.66). Results The mean autonomy score of nurses was 3.16 ±0.35, indicating a desirable level. Nurses of all departments had limited autonomy. In the internal department, nurses had unsanctioned autonomy, while in the surgical department, they had autonomous nursing care action. The regression models were significant for all departments except for the internal department. With an increase of one unit in limited autonomy in the intensive care unit, autonomous nursing care in the surgical department, and limited autonomy in pediatrics, gynecology, orthopedics, and emergency departments among the nurses, the quality of care can be increased by 0.253, 0.187, 0.522, 0.205, 0.466 and 0.129, respectively. Conclusion Nurses’ autonomy can increase the quality of patient care. The nursing managers need to empower nurses and provide an environment for them to apply their knowledge in practicing autonomy.
Measurements of Breakdown and Buildup of Thixotropy in Cement Pastes Containing Diatomaceous Earth
Authors: Hasanzadeh Bashir , Sun Zhihui
Published: May 2023

This paper proposes a comprehensive series of protocols that can make quantitative measurements on both breakdown and buildup aspects of thixotropic behaviors of cement pastes. While measuring breakdown and buildup separately, the correlations between these two aspects have also been investigated. Cement pastes with different water-to-binder ratios (w/b=0.4, 0.5 and 0.6) and different replacement levels of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) (0%, 2%, 6% and 10% by weight of cement) were studied. To simulate the real on-site conditions, parameters such as pressure and temperature were also considered during the measurement. The research found that increase in DE replacement dosage can reduce the energy required to breakdown thixotropic structure of cement pastes while no specific trend on buildup aspect was observed. Among the three used w/b ratios, the 0.5 w/b ratio has the most reduction effect in breakdown energy, where using 10% DE can lead to 65% of energy reduction in breakdown compared to the control sample. However, the measured yield stress for these specimens were very similar to each other.  In addition, increase in temperature significantly increases the buildup ratio of cement pastes while increase in pressure as high as 20 MPa has a minimal impact on thixotropic properties of cement pastes.
Assessment of the Combined Effect of Silica Fume, Fly Ash, and Steel Slag on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete
Authors: Dipta Ovirup Basak , Sobhan S.K. Farhan , Shuvo Aojoy Kumar
Published: May 2023

Every ton of cement produced emits half a ton of carbon dioxide, so there is an immediate need to limit cement use. Cementitious materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and steel slag can be substituted for cement in making concrete more rigid and stronger. This research work has been done to analyze the change in compressive strength in concrete, reducing the use of cement and coarse aggregate, in the case of varying percentages of cement replacement circumstances. To get this job done, there’s been conducted a variety of laboratory tests changing the partial cement replacement proportions with silica fume and fly ash and partial aggregate replacement with steel slag in the concrete mix. The test result showed that 15% silica fume, 10% fly ash, and 30% steel slag replacing proportion withstand more compressive load than the normal cement concrete mixture. The SEM test also supports the compressive strength test result by showing the internal bonding between the materials in the replaced binder-aggregate specimens. On the other hand, the flexural strength test came out with the best proportion of 15% cement replacement with fly ash and silica fume along with 10% coarse aggregate replacement with steel slag. The XRD patterns of the materials used also enumerate the standardization and testing procedures. The usage of sustainable cementitious materials like fly ash, silica fume, and steel slag incorporates the motivation behind reducing the industrial byproducts/wastes generated in such an amount that hampers our mother nature. The overall representation of this research will emancipate the initiatives taken toward greener and more sustainable construction.
Influence of Diamond Seed Attachment Processing on Diamond Films Synthesized on Tungsten Carbide Substrate by Flame Combustion
Authors: Takahashi Mamoru , Kamiya Osamu
Published: May 2023

The flame combustion method enables the synthesis of diamonds via acetylene-oxygen gas flame combustion in ambient air. Tungsten carbide (WC) has recently been utilized as a cutting tool in the machining industry and in dental machining applications. To obtain high-quality diamond films and achieve good adhesion on a WC substrate, diamond films are synthesized on a WC substrate by the flame combustion method. However, the surface roughness of most of the diamond films synthesized by this method increased, and it was necessary to reduce this roughness. Considering the roughness accuracy of the workpiece surface during cutting, and the performance of the cutting tool, a smaller surface roughness of the diamond films synthesized is desirable. In this study, to reduce surface roughness, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles as generation nuclei was carefully varied for diamond seed attachment processing of diamond films. When diamond films were synthesized on the WC substrate surface via the flame combustion, the amount of diamond paste with diamond seed particles affected the surface morphology and surface roughness of the synthesized diamond films. Furthermore, to investigate the reason for this result, generation of nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis and diamond seed particles on the substrate surface after the seeding treatment were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The effect of diamond seed attachment processing on the diamond films synthesized by flame combustion was studied. The relationship between the surface roughness, number of diamond generation nuclei on the substrate in the initial stages of synthesis, number of diamond particles on the substrate after the diamond seeding process, and amount of diamond paste were confirmed.
The Effect of Nonlocal on Poro-thermoelastic Solid with Dependent Properties on Refrence Temperature via the Three-phase-lag Model
Authors: Othman Mohamed I. A. , Said Samia M. , Eldemerdash Mohamed G.
Published: May 2023

In this work, a novel nonlocal model on a poro-thermoelastic solid with temperature-dependent properties is presented. To solve this problem, the thermo-elasticity theory with three-phase-lag model (3PHL) is proposed. The modulus of the elasticity is given as a linear function of the reference temperature. The analytical expressions of the displacement components, the stresses, and the temperature are obtained by normal mode analysis. The main physical fields are displayed graphically and theoretically discussed under the influence of the nonlocal parameter and temperature-dependent properties.
The Effect of Trichoderma sp on the Intensity of Fusarium Disease and Production of Shallot
Authors: Sataral Mihwan , Nurdiansyah Dzikri , Lamandasa Frederik H
Published: May 2023

Fusarium wilt disease can cause damage and reduce the yield of shallot. Trichoderma sp is a biological agent that can be used to reduce the incidence of fusarium wilt disease in shallot. This study aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma sp on the intensity of fusarium wilt attack and shallot production. This research was conducted in Salodik Village, Luwuk Utara District, Banggai Regency, using a non-factorial randomized block design consisting of five treatments with four replications, namely: P0 (Control), P1 (10 gr Trichoderma sp./liter of water), P2 (12 gr Trichoderma sp./liter of water), P3 (14 gr Trichoderma sp./liter of water) and P4 (16 gr Trichoderma sp./liter of water). The results showed that giving Trichorderma sp had a very significant effect on the average intensity of fusarium wilt disease and had a significant effect on the average production of shallot. The provision of 10 gr Trichorderma sp /liter of water is the best treatment to reduce the intensity of fusarium wilt attack and increased the average production of shallot.
The analysis of decomposition rate of Vermigot fertilizer (vermicompost and kasgot) by utilizing of Black Soldier Fly larvae and earthworms with and without technique feeding
Authors: Sebayang Nur Ulina Warnisyah , Sabrina Tengku , Rahmawati Nini , Lubis Nursiani
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

 

One of the efforts in managing waste is to carry out environmentally friendly bioconversion with one of the most popular composting is vermicomposting. The use of insects in composting is also one of the new technologies, namely the Black Soldier Fly larvae. The combination of two types of decomposing organisms that are synergistic can increase the effectiveness of the decomposition process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the rate of decomposition of vermigot fertilizer in the treatment of cow manure and banana stem waste by utilizing a combination of BSF larvae and earthworms. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design method with 2 techniques (feeding and without feeding), namely D0 = without decomposers; D1 = earthworm (100%); D2 = BSF larvae (100%); D3 = earthworms: BSF larvae (50% : 50% kg); D4 = earthworms : BSF larvae (25% : 75%); D4 = earthworms: BSF larvae (75% : 25%). The results of this study showed that the pH of the vermigot ranged from neutral to slightly alkaline (6.4 - 7.8) in the non-feeding technique, while the pH of the vermigot in the feeding technique was slightly acidic (5.7 - 5.8). The temperature of the vermigot in the non-feeding and feeding technique is the same, ranging from (26 - 31oC) but in the non-feeding technique the temperature tends to rise until the 5th day and tends to decrease on the 7th day to the 21st day. Meanwhile, the temperature of the vermigot with the feeding technique tends to experience fluctuations.
The response of oil palm seedlings' growth to vermicompost and water stress under the main nursery stage
Authors: Kautsar Valensi , Ismawanto Diky , Dyah Ully Parwati Wiwin
Published: May 2023

The availability of nutrients and water are two things that are essential for the development of plants. Future oil palm agriculture will require a strategy for the management of water because of the erratic nature of the weather. The addition of organic matter, such as vermicompost, is one strategy for addressing the issue of insufficient water supplies. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between oil palm seedlings' exposure to vermicompost and various levels of water stress in the main nursery. During the three-month study, 100, 200, and 300 g of vermicompost per polybag was combined with 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 L/polybag/day. There was no relationship between the dose of vermicompost and the water stress that had observed. The addition of 300 g/polybag of vermicompost increased root fresh weight by 37.8% compared to 100 g/polybag. Moreover, water stress leads to a reduction in plant height and dry weight of the shoots. Compared to 2 L/polybag/day, plant height was lowered by 23.3% and 19.8% at watering volumes of 1.0 and 1.5 L/polybag/day, respectively. In addition, when compared to the appropriate water level of 2 L/polybag/day, high water stress (1.0 L/polybag/day) declined shoot dry weight by 12%.