bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SELLADORES BIOCERÁMICOS Y TÉCNICAS DE OBTURACIÓN EN ENDODONCIA
Authors: Alberdi Jorge Carlos , Martín Gabriela
Published: June 2021

El objetivo principal de la obturación endodóntica es rellenar de manera hermética y tridimensional el sistema de conductos radiculares con materiales inertes, antisépticos y/o bioactivos que estimulen el proceso de reparación o no lo interfieran. La utilización de agentes selladores para la obturación endodóntica es esencial para rellenar las irregularidades del conducto y las pequeñas discrepancias entre la pared dentinaria y el material sólido de obturación. En los últimos años, han surgido en el mercado una gran variedad de selladores endodónticos biocerámicos. Se han difundido en su uso clínico de manera muy vertiginosa, por sus ventajas y propiedades que favorecen sobre todo a los procesos de reparación ósea, dado que son materiales bioactivos. Se buscó literatura relacionada al tema planteado en la plataforma Pubmed y Medline para desarrollar esta revisión narrativa, con el fin de estudiar la relación entre los nuevos selladores biocerámicos y las diferentes técnicas de obturación termoplásticas aplicadas en Endodoncia. Es importante destacar la poca evidencia científica respecto del comportamiento clínico de los selladores biocerámicos durante la obturación endodóntica, más aún cuando se aplica calor como parte de la técnica.
Application of Taguchi Approach to Forecast the Wages of Persian Silk Carpet Weavers
Authors: Kashyzadeh Kazem Reza , Darounkola Ali Habibi , Darounkola Ali Habibi
Published: June 2021

One of the remarkable phenomena in recent years is the growing trend of globalization. Iran is also seeking to join the World Trade Organization (WTO) to expand non-oil exports and presence in global markets, and is currently a member of the organization's oversight body. Handmade industries such as hand woven carpet are one of the important trades that can be studied for this purpose. Exports of handmade carpets have fluctuated over different time periods. Despite maintaining its international position as the rank of the largest exporter of handmade carpets, the export position of handmade carpets is decreasing as compared to other Iranian exports. Handmade carpet craftsmanship is a complementary activity of agricultural and rural businesses, but due to the considerable number of workers and the small share of carpet value added in the national economy, it does not have a suitable condition. Other influential parameters such as rivals (e.g., China, India, Pakistan, and Turkey), etc. have caused the economic conditions of this industry to be unstable. In this regard, one of the best and most appropriate ways to compete with other countries is to reduce production costs and, consequently, reduce product prices. This factor includes various variables, including weavers' wages. Unfortunately, there is no definite and elaborate program for determining the wages of handmade silk carpet weavers in Iran according to the standard. In fact, in some cities, the weavers' wages determine based on the texture conditions, texture parameters, economic conditions of the country, and other parameters by carpet wage boards that consist of several carpet experts. In this way, there is the possibility of mistakes and the loss of the rights of weavers or producers due to the entry of personal opinion and the failure to classify the effect of different parameters on the final point.
The main purpose of this study is to collect various parameters affecting the wages of handmade carpet we
MEASUREMENT OF THE CONTENT OF MONOETHANOLAMINE DURING THE CONTROL OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF DESULFURIZATION AND IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS
Authors: Martynova A.Yu. , Saraeva V.A. , Larina A.I.
Published: June 2021

The problem of cleaning coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, despite their recent decrease in the raw material base of coking, remains relevant in connection with the requirements to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. When using monoethanolamine for the purification of coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, production workers are faced with the problems of determining the exact concentration both in solutions and in coke oven gas and in environmental objects. The article provides an overview of the currently existing methods for the quantitative determination of the content of monoethanolamine in liquid and gaseous media. The results of studies of the possibility of their use in the conditions of by-product coke production are presented, directions of improvement of the known methods are determined in order to eliminate the influence of accompanying components inherent in by-product coke production (in particular, ammonia, amines, phenols, etc.), which distort the analysis results. The authors describe the methods of increasing the selectivity of analytical methods for determining the content of monoethanolamine in: – coke oven gas - based on the absorption of the test substance from coke oven gas by a solution of orthoboric acid, followed by its determination in a solution with pnitrophenyldiazonium; – the air of the working area under the conditions of by-product coke production - it was proposed to eliminate the negative effect of hydrogen sulfide and phenol using an absorber containing a sodium hydroxide solution located in front of the absorber with a hydrochloric acid solution for monoethanolamine (a revised measurement procedure with additions set out in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation in the field of metrology and established metrological characteristics, agreed by the Chief Sanitary Doctor of Ukraine). The directions of research necessary for the development of a method for determining the content of monoethanolamine in process waters of coke-chemical production are outlined. Keywords: desulfurization, monoethanolamine, content determination, selectivity, ammonia, p-nitrophenyldiazonium, coke oven gas, complex compound, color intensity, photometry, measurements. Corresponding author A.Yu. Martynova, e-mail: alla_martynova_aisim@ukr.net
Sosialisasi Virtual Kesadaran Hukum Hak Pilih di Desa Panyirapan Menjelang Pilkada Kabupaten Serang Propinsi Banten Tahun 2020
Authors: Ramadhani Dwi Aryanti , Putri Citraresmi Widoretno , Pratiwi Dian Khoreanita
Published: June 2021

Pemilihan umum merupakan instrumen penting dalam negara demokrasi yang menganut sistem perwakilan. Pada awal tahun 2020 badan kesehatan di bawah PBB sudah menyatakan wabah virus corona atau Covid-19 sebagai pandemi sehingga pelaksanaan pilkada serentak tahun 2020 tertunda sementara. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertepatan dengan pandemi Covid-19 sehingga kegiatan dilaksanakan secara virtual dengan menggunakan Zoom Meeting dan meletakkan stand banner di kantor sementara balai desa yaitu rumah kepala desa. Metode pendekatan dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) yaitu dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam setiap proses pembanguan tidak terkecuali pemilihan kepala daerah. Keterlibatan mitra dalam pelakanaan pemilihan kepala daerah sangat diperlukan yaitu baik partisipasi politik warga dalam menghindari adanya golput maupun kesiapan aparat desa didamping KPU dan Bawaslu dalam mensukseskan pemilihan kepala daerah serentak tahun 2020. Tahap evaluasi kegiatan secara umum menghasilkan bahwa sebagian besar para peserta sosialisasi mengatakan materi yang disampaikan sangat jelas.
Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic for Higher Education Institutions' Emergency Preparedness, Response and Recovery Mechanism (EPRRM) Contingency Plan: Relating Issues to Tanzania
Authors: Bihu Reuben
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 Pandemic began in China at the end
of 2019 and spread rapidly to become a global pandemic by the first quarter of
2020. Many death incidences were reported in a short time before it was being
familiar to many nations in terms of practices for containment. In response,
many countries had to close down education institutions, lockdown cities, and
countries, and emphasize practices of new lifestyles and behaviors thought to
guarantee safety. Eventually, students were the most affected groups among the
nations. Particularly, the impacts of the pandemic were realized in the
teaching and learning processes as well as changes in the practices of
administration and management of education services. The impacts were
essentially felt by students themselves, professors, instructors, teachers, and
educationists in managerial and administrative positions. The high intensities
of the impacts escalated as there were no contingency plans to curb the sudden
changes and lethality in the instant period of pandemic encounters. The
pandemic situation signified the demand for an emergence preparedness,
response, and recovery mechanism (EPRRM) contingency plan to be put in place
for systems of education. The education EPRRM contingency plan would assist the
education machinery in higher learning institutions (HLIs) and other levels of
learning to keep in resilient and continuant teaching and learning processes in
times of crises
Questionnaire Survey Methodology in Educational and Social Science Studies
Authors: Bihu Reuben
Published: June 2021

Questionnaire surveys dominate the methodological designs
in educational and social studies, particularly in developing countries. It is conceived
practically easy to adopt study protocols under the design, and of course, most
researchers would prefer using questionnaire survey studies designed in the
most simple ways. Such studies provide the most economical way of gathering
information from representations giving data that apply to general populations.
As such, the desire for cost management and redeeming time have caused many
researchers to adapt, adopt and apply the designs, even where it doesn’t qualify
for the study contexts. Consequently, they are confronted by managing
consistent errors and mismatching study protocols and methodologies. However, the
benefits of using the design are real and popular even to novice researchers,
and the problems arising from the design are always easily addressed by experienced
researchers.
Re-contextualizing Entrepreneurial Opportunity as artefact Signalling for Entrepreneurial Action
Authors: Leong David
Published: June 2021

This paper reviews the concept of entrepreneurial actions arising from the opportunities using signalling theory as the building blocks to discuss the process from perception, recognition to enactment. By adopting a dynamic approach to study how entrepreneurs see opportunities, particularly the initial opportunities beliefs, over time, beliefs change. The perceived potentialities from the signals arising from opportunities also change. Strength of the initial opportunity beliefs, morph-ability of opportunities, frequency of opportunity appearances, multiple interpretations of opportunity, latency of opportunity, observability (intensity, visibility, strength and clarity), distortions of opportunity and false opportunity are topics that are scarcely addressed in entrepreneurial opportunities studies. We argue that the signalling effects open new veins of inquiry related to opportunity and entrepreneurial actions. Instead of seeing opportunity from either the discovery or creation approaches, opportunity should be viewed as opportunity-as-artefact with embedded perceived potentialities.
Not all lncMIRHGs are "junk transcripts,". LncM IRHG loci may make both functional miRNAs and lncRNAs, which can work together or separately
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

The human genome has various genomic regions that can create a large number of transcripts. RNAs that can function as both mRNA and noncoding RNA (lncRNA/snoRNA/miRNA) are known as bifunctional RNAs, or bifRNAs. BifRNAs have been detected in everything from microorganisms to humans. Cells may accurately modify the functions of the coding and noncoding regions of bifRNAs to satisfy relevant regulatory needs. However, it has not been thoroughly investigated whether the same gene locus may produce two types of functional nc transcripts, such as lncRNAs and miRNAs. These "bifunctional nc RNAs" are the topic of this review. This evaluation contained all the current information regarding LncMIRHGs. Some LINC MONOMER transcripts have not been proven to be "junk" according to this functional and mechanistic research. It is possible that the lncMIRHG locus makes both functional miRNAs and lncRNAs, some of which can act together and others of which may act independently. The data gathered via research by the NEAT1 organization also indicates that miRNA may function as a "pseudoRNA," with lncRNA produced from the lncMIRHG gene locus serving as the lead. A significant amount of focus on this class of lncRNAs must be given since the beauty of the lncMIRHG loci, which control these putative dual functions as lncRNA and miRNA, strongly recommends that we should do so. LincMIRHGs are utilized in a broad number of tasks, including those seen in disorders like cancer. It will be useful for medicine creation and development to have a full understanding of this lncRNA repertoire's mechanisms.
The Views and the Effects of Materialist Philosophy and Socialist Ideology on Curriculums and Educational Administration
Authors: Dilbaz Engin , Erkılıç Turan Akman
Published: June 2021

Materialist philosophy and socialist ideology are philosophical and ideological approaches that have deep influence and traces in public life practice. Along with the social, economic, and political fields, the field of education has been deeply influenced by materialist philosophy and socialist ideology in certain contexts. Main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of materialist philosophy and socialist ideology on the curriculum, educational administration and economic-political dimensions. The study is a systematic review study based on the review of the literature. It is aimed to synthesize the views and effects on education management with educational programs by making a systematic compilation of works on materialist philosophy, socialist ideology and education. The data of the study have been analyzed using content analysis. As a result of the study; considering perspective of materialist philosophy and socialist ideology on education, it is observed that theoretical humanistic values are generally advocated. However, many differences between theory and practice are observed in materialist philosophy and socialist ideology-related practices. In terms of curriculum dimension, materialist philosophy is important in terms of contributing to the creation of a new educational philosophy rather than being a direct educational philosophy. Considering social, political and economic dimensions; it can be stated that materialist philosophy and socialist ideology direct the liberal capitalist world towards social policies. In the research, it is suggested that researches should be conducted to examine the effects of different philosophies and ideologies on the curriculum and management of education.
Patients with PMD who are thoroughly screened by Genomic medicine have a considerable chance of benefiting greatly from whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

It appears that the role of genetics in neurology is undergoing a major transition in the present. The scope of genomic medicine has advanced from the only realm of academic investigation to the well-established and widely accepted instrument for genetic labs. Previously, this test was reserved for the most challenging patients, but today it is being utilized as a first step in looking at rare inherited neurological disorders. Researchers and clinicians working in the field of mitochondrial medicine will need to employ new laboratory techniques and DNA sequencing technology in order to move forward with future diagnosis methods and cut down on research time. Patients with PMD who are thoroughly screened have a considerable chance of benefiting greatly from whole-genome sequencing (WGS) at the beginning of their diagnostic process. Using long-read sequencing, there is the potential to help in the discovery of new genetic causes of PMD, the resolution of phasing issues, and the advancement of RNA and mtDNA investigations by way of direct sequencing. With the use of a great number of tissue samples from patients with PMD, there are significant advantages which can greatly promote the quick implementation of this technique into diagnostic laboratories. As RNA-seq technology is introduced into diagnostic laboratories, it will serve as an accurate means to examine the entire spectrum of disease while providing support for difficult cases. The plentiful supply of tissue samples from patients with PMD further enhances the ability of RNA-seq to rapidly be adopted in these laboratories. Finally, more validation of innovative tRNA approaches will be required in order to determine the pathogenicity of this common group of mtDNA-related PMDs.
ZEB1 controls the expression of ICAM1, promoting monocyte-macrophage adhesion and hence the formation of atherosclerotic lesions
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Zinc finger Ebox binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) regulates the expression of target genes to protect against atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction, monocyte-endothelial cell interactions, and macrophage lipid accumulation are all regulated by ZEB1. A recent study demonstrated that ZEB1 regulates intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) expression, increasing monocyte-macrophage adhesion and the development of atherosclerotic lesions.It seems to be complicated between ZEB1 and atherosclerosis. The diverse effects of ZEB1 might be attributed to several influences. ZEB1 can go from activating to repressing transcription by reacting to numerous inputs. Additionally, ZEB1 controls the expression of multiple target genes and influences many cell types implicated in atherosclerosis development, including endothelial cells, VSMCs, macrophages, and T cells. There are both transcriptional and posttranslational modifications to which ZEB1 responds, demonstrating that the regulation of ZEB1 is complicated. Despite this, accumulating evidence indicates that ZEB1 is an anti-atherosclerotic component. It's critical to figure out whether ZEB1 can help with RCT.Light will be shed on the involvement of ZEB1 in atherogenesis, making ZEB1 a favorable target for atherosclerosis treatment.
Nanomaterials were formed into various shapes, with functionalization aimed at various internalization processes. Their nanoscale size allows drugs to reach cells or extracellular environments
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Iron issues have been linked to a rising variety of refractory diseases, raising doubts about whether iron is the primary connection in etiology and pathology. Nanomaterials were transformed into diverse forms with functionalization aiming at diverse internalization processes. Their nanoscale size permits medications to penetrate cells or the extracellular environment. The original iron enrichment could be employed to fight diseases, including cancer. The effects of IONPs and intracellular iron load on macrophages is also unknown, giving the possibility for future alteration of macrophage phenotypes based on diverse situations.The data may be utilized to establish important patterns for disease risk prediction and prevention. Nano-sensing technology that reveals iron-regulating situations may deliver fresh insights into safety assessment of iron-based nanomaterials. Long-term stress caused by iron in cells and tissues does not create acute toxicity, but rather long-term damage. A better knowledge of iron homeostasis will result in further diagnostic and therapeutic applications employing nanotechnology.
Impacts of Capital Structure and Dividend Policy on the Financial Performance of Listed Companies on Vietnamese Stocks Market
Authors: Vu Loan T. , Vu Anh T. H. , Nguyen Thao T. P.
Published: June 2021

This study is taken to describe the relationship between the levels of debt, dividend policy and the performance of firms listed in Vietnamese stock market. The dividend policy is proxied by the dividend yield while firm’s performance is measured by ROE, ROA, and P/E. The total number of observations is 552, collecting from 92 listed companies on Hochiminh Stock Exchange during 2012 and 2019. The analysis results from generalized least squares (GLS) models report that the choice of firm’s performance proxy affects the relationship between firm’s performance and leverage as well as dividend policy. While leverage has positive impact on ROE and ROA, it has negative impact on P/E. In contrast, dividend yield ratio is negatively correlated with ROA and P/E but positively correlated with ROE. However, the impact of debt levels on firm’s performance is independent with the choice of leverage proxy. The findings of this research are expected to provide better understanding about the connection between debt, dividend and performance of the firm that can support the managers to make relevant decisions.
An Analysis of Elementary Teaching Undergraduate Program in Terms of 21st Century Skills
Authors: Kanmaz Ahmet
Published: June 2021

21st century skills emerge is one of the most crucial competencies that need to be considered in teacher education. With this in mind, the fundamental objectives of this study is to analyze the pre-service teachers’ competencies and perceptions of 21st century skills that are effectively present in today’s world. Explanatory mixed method was applied in this study. The aim of the study is to reveal the adequacy of the undergraduate elementary teaching program in the acquisition of 21st century skills from the perspective of pre-service teachers. In the study, quantitative data was collected through descriptive screening method, and qualitative data was collected through phenomenological analysis. 21st century skills scale was utilized to collect quantitative data, and semi-structured interview form was used to collect qualitative data. The sample of the study consists of 411 pre-service elementary teachers studying at a state university. According to the findings obtained, pre-service teachers perceived themselves quite sufficient in terms of “21st century skills”. Given the qualitative findings, pre-service teachers reported that the learning-teaching processes were ineffective in the context of achieving 21st century competencies. As a matter of fact, 21st century skills are defined as skills that should be acquired within the scope of the elementary teaching undergraduate program. Failure to teach these skills emerges as the most significant limitation of the program. In particular, these skills and evaluations should be incorporated into the curricula content of faculties of education.
Analysis of Banking Risk, Good Corporate Governance, Capital and Earning Influences on the Indonesia’s Commercial Bank Performances
Authors: Subhan M. Nuruddin
Published: June 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of commercial bank soundness in Indonesia based on Bank Indonesia regulation number 13/24/DPNP date 25 October 2011, which concern on the implementation guide for Bank Regulation in Indonesia number 13/1/PBI/ 2011 on assessment of bank healthy. In general, those assessments cover risks, good corporate governance (GCG), earning and capital. While, the performance of commercial bank is measured based on credit growth and profit growth. A total of 45 commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange are the population of the study which will be analyzed using the structural equation modeling program - partial least square (SEM-PLS). The results show that credit risk, GCG and earnings have no effect on bank’s performance in Indonesia. Market risk, liquidity risk and capital negatively affect the performance of commercial banks in Indonesia. This research is expected to contribute to the policy making of central banks and also commercial bank organization in particular to improve their performance. This research also contributes to the theory by enriching the discussion on related themes.
Psychedelic resting-state neuroimaging: a review and perspective on balancing replication and novel analyses
Authors: McCulloch Drummond E-Wen , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Barrett Frederick Streeter , Doss Manoj , Deco Gustavo , Carhart-Harris Robin , Rosas Fernando , Preller Katrin , Ramaekers Johannes , Mason Natasha , Müller Felix , Fisher Patrick MacDonald
Published: June 2021

Clinical research into serotonergic psychedelic drugs including psilocybin, LSD and N,N-DMT (e.g., in ‘ayahuasca’) is expanding rapidly and clinical trials across a range of psychiatric conditions have shown promising efficacy, with larger trials ongoing. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a brain imaging strategy commonly used to identify associated neural mechanisms in both clinical and healthy populations. To date, 42 research articles have been published analysing resting-state fMRI data from 17 unique datasets involving the administration of a psychedelic drug. This provides a promising foundation for resolving imaging markers of the perceptual and clinical effects of psychedelics. Here we review the existing psychedelic resting-state fMRI literature through a lens that brings attention to emerging variation in core methodological decisions and promote strategies that aim to strengthen the field. We find a large degree of heterogeneity across the existing literature, with nearly all studies varying in data processing and analysis or drug evaluated. Two datasets are the foundation of more than half of the published literature, and terms such as “entropy” are often used to denote distinct metrics across studies. In light of these observations, we offer suggestions for future studies that we hope encourages coherence in the field. As a budding field of interest, psychedelic resting-state imaging will benefit from the development of novel models, hypotheses and quantification methods that may expand our understanding of the neural mechanisms mediating the intriguing acute perceptual and lasting clinical effects. Our review of the existing literature suggests that the psychedelic resting-state brain imaging field is at a crossroads at which it must also consider the critical importance of consistency and replicability to effectively converge on stable representations of the neural effects of psychedelics.
An Encounter with the Other: A Thematic Analysis of Accounts of DMT Experiences from a Naturalistic Field Study
Authors: Michael Pascal , Luke David , Robinson Oliver
Published: June 2021

Introduction: N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in conscious experience. Increasing trends in its use, as well as new trials administering DMT to patients, indicate the growing importance of a thorough elucidation of the phenomenology the drug may occasion. This is particularly in light of the hyper-real, otherworldly, and often ontologically challenging yet potentially transformative, nature of the experience, not least encounters with apparently non-self social agents. Laboratory studies have been limited by clinical setting and lacking qualitative analyses, while online surveys’ limitations lie in retrospective design, recreational use, and both of which not guaranteeing ‘breakthrough’ experiences. Methods: We report on the first naturalistic field study of DMT use including its qualitative analysis. Screened, healthy, anonymised and experienced DMT users (40-75mg inhaled) were observed during their non-clinical use of the drug at home. Semi-structured interviews using the micro-phenomenological technique were employed immediately after their experience. This paper reports on the thematic analysis of one major domain of the breakthrough experiences elicited; the ‘other’. Thirty-six post-DMT experience interviews with mostly Caucasian (83%) males (8 female) of average 37 years were predominantly inductively coded. Results: Invariably, profound and highly intense experiences occurred. The main overarching category comprised the encounter with other ‘beings’ (94% of reports), with further subordinate themes including the entities’ role, appearance, demeanour, communication and interaction; while the other over-arching category comprised experiences of emerging into other ‘worlds’ (100% of reports), in turn consisting of the scene, the content and quality of the immersive spaces. Discussion: The present study provides a systematic and in-depth analysis of the features of the otherworldly encounter within the breakthrough DMT experience, as well as elaborating on the resonances with both previous DMT studies and other types of extraordinary experiences which also entail entity encounters. These include the alien abduction, folkloric, shamanic and near-death experience. Putative neural mechanisms of these features of the DMT experience and its promise as a psychotherapeutic agent are discussed in light of such findings.
Trait phenomenological control predicts visually evoked auditory response
Authors: Lush Peter , Dienes Zoltan , Seth Anil , Scott Ryan Bradley
Published: June 2021

Up to 40% of people report visually evoked auditory responses (vEARs; for example, ‘hearing’ sounds in response to watching silent videos). We investigate the degree to which vEAR experiences may arise from phenomenological control, i.e. from the way people can control their experience to meet expectancies arising from imaginative suggestion. In the experimental situation, expectancies arise from demand characteristics (cues which communicate beliefs about experimental aims to participants). Trait phenomenological control has been shown to substantially predict experimental measures of changes in ‘embodiment’ experience in which demand characteristics are not controlled (e.g., mirror touch and pain, and experiences of ownership of a fake hand). Here we report substantial relationship between scores on the Phenomenological Control Scale (PCS; a test of direct imaginative suggestion) and vEAR scores (reports of auditory experience for silent videos) which indicate that vEAR experience may be an implicit imaginative suggestion effect. This study demonstrates that relationships of trait phenomenological control with subjective reports about experience are not limited to embodiment and may confound a wide range of measures in psychological science.
Book Review : “The Character Education Urgency in Preparing 2045 Gold Generations: Strategi To Build Smart and Competitive Character during 21st Century”
Authors: Tobing Elsa Meliana Lumban , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

A great nation is a nation that has a strong character value, has a pleasant educational environment, and continues to apply values and norms both in every joint of the life of its people. Various challenges present in the 21st century era were only able to be answered with strong and sturdy national identity characters, as well as increasing nation competitiveness. Character education is one of the strategic facilities in efforts to strengthen the character of the Indonesian nation, also holds important keys in efforts to cultivate national character values to be more effective and comprehensive. This book is intended for all Indonesian people who will become candidates for national leaders in 2045. The purpose of writing this book review is to fulfill the final assignment in the Pancasila courses. The reviewer also aims to inform the contents of this book to the readers and help the Indonesia younger generation in the development of the noble values of the nation. Furthermore, in order to realize the Indonesian gold generation 2045 through habituation of actions such as tolerance, justice, solidarity, and piety.
BOOK REVIEW: “MEMORI GENOSIDA: MELIHAT KEKERASAN KOLEKTIF MASA LALU DALAM PERSPEKTIF HOLOCAUST” (GENOCIDE MEMORY: SEEING PAST COLLECTIVE VIOLENCE IN HOLOCAUST PERSPECTIVE)
Authors: Rozikin Febri Choiru , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

The book with the title "Memori Genosida: Melihat Kekerasan Kolektif Masa Lalu Dalam Prespektif Holocaust" is written to remind youth generations to take lessons from the events of the Holocaust, not to repeat itself back. The events of the Holocaust are very imprint in the memory, where approximately 6 million lives of humans disappear drain the drain. As a historian, the writer certainly would like to remind back to us about how the cruelty and brutality of group dominance (NAZI ) against a group of others ( Jewish ) are massive. Based on the book's purpose was written and the style of language used, the book targets youth, especially university students, and the public community interested in the discussion of history. The book can also be read for the activists of human rights in Indonesia because of load cases slaughter 65 ' and attached proof of evidence that there is. Statement for the sake of the question that appears to say that collective violence does not occur suddenly but begins in various attitudes discrimination, segregation and actions alienate others. Holocaust as an event of collective violence future is a proof of actual situation, how a series of attitudes violent Arians against the Jews in the span of a few years only, can become an event of genocide. The book can also predict how modernization current based on the perspective of the Holocaust, whether ongoing good or even worse in the future.Various things loaded from the book also have many experts' perspectives, raising multiple questions recently. So it needs to do a review on the book this. because there are none of the readers, do review this book, the possibility of going on misunderstanding the message delivered from the book.
THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: THE EVOLUTION OF THE POLICY OF BALANCING BETWEEN UNION STATE OF BELARUS AND RUSSIA AND EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors: Suzdaltsev Andrei
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to comparing the policies of the Belarusian leadership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Union State of Belarus and Russia. The author notes that at present the official Minsk considers the acquisition of integration preferences and subsidies and obtaining privileged access to the resources and markets of Russia and Kazakhstan as its main goal in economic integration projects in the post-Soviet space. At the same time, the Belarusian leadership is striving to slow down the process of connecting the economies of the countries participating in Eurasian integration. It is shown that since 2010 the Republic of Belarus has effectively used its participation in two integration projects that complement each other in the field of economic integration. Periodically, Minsk used the EAEU as an additional platform for dialogue with Moscow to receive Russian subsidies. At the same time, using the disagreements between the EAEU member states, President of the Republic of Belarus A. Lukashenko has repeatedly tried to resolve issues arising in the framework of Eurasian integration in his favor. The creation of temporary coalitions by Belarus with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia helped to block Russia’s proposal to introduce a single EAEU currency in 2014-2015. Currently, official Minsk expects to keep the EAEU in the format of a sponsor of the Belarusian economy, but is still not ready to deepen integration within the framework of the Eurasian integration project. The Belarusian leadership expects that the policy of balancing between the EAEU and the Union State will allow the republic to continue to receive and increase resource and financial support from the Russian Federation.
THE INITIATIVE «ONE BELT, ONE ROAD» AND THE BALKANS: THE ASSESSMENTS OF THE EXPERT COMMUNITY AND THE MEDIA OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE (2017-2020)
Authors: Ulunyan Artem
Published: June 2021

The article examines the assessments of the global strategic concept «One Belt, One Road» of the PRC by the representatives of the Central and Eastern European expert community and by the Albanian media. After the Cold War, the formation processes of national states in the post-Yugoslavian space have started in the Balkans, and the region has come under tight probe of the Euro-Atlantic community, of Russia and Turkey as well as of the Peoples Republic of China, which had not displayed earlier such a keen interest in this region. In the context of the global strategy outlined by the party-state leadership of mainland China, the Balkans and Central Eastern Europe have turned into important connecting link in the Chinese geostrategic concept «One Belt, One Road». In the 2010 s, the PRC has begun to establish a wide-range network of transport corridors, designed to start a «new edition» of the historical «Silk Road» and to serve as an instrument for the economic advancement of the PRC on a transcontinental scale. This policy of economic expansion of the PRC, encompassing regions and continents on its way, is being actively discussed in the expert community of Central and Eastern European states from the standpoint of identifying both specific mode of actions engaged by the party-state leadership of the PRC, as well as local conditions, interests and probable results of the implementation of the Chinese project. The author notes that expert assessments range from positive to sharply negative, which indicates the absence of a definitive opinion on this issue. In Albania, a Balkan state closely linked to both Central and Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans, especially due to the presence of a large Albanian ethnic component in a number of countries of the region, the participation in the implementation of the project «One Belt, One Road» was strongly influenced by economic and political relations with the Euro-Atlantic community.
GLOBAL CLIMATE THREATS: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS. THE REVIEW OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE EDITION OF THE BOOK BY THE AMERICAN CLIMATOLOGIST D. WALLACE-WELLS «UNINHABITED EARTH. LIFE AFTER WARMING»
Authors:   INION RAN, Korovnikova Natalia
Published: June 2021

The review of the Russian-language edition of the book by the American climatologist D. Wallace-Wells «Uninhabited Earth. Life after warming» highlights the main author’s theses and conclusions about global climatic threats in the Anthropocene epoch, which are of significant scientific and practical interest. It lists a number of questions that require further research.
MORALITY AND EARLY CHRISTIANITY. PART 1
Authors:   INION RAN, Tsibizova Irina
Published: June 2021

In the second part of the collection «Christianity and the Roots of Morality: Philosophical, Early Christian and Empirical Perspectives» the authors focus on the problems of early Christian morality, basing their research on the text of the New Testament.
Production of briquettes from Indonesia agricultural biomass waste by using pyrolysis process and comparing the characteristics
Authors: Murni Sri Wahyu , Setyoningrum Tutik Muji , Nur Muhamad Maulana Azimatun
Published: June 2021

Indonesia biomass waste is a potential feedstock as a source of renewable energy since it can be converted into carcoal briquettes. However, the production of the briquettes using pyrolysis process using the agricultural waste was lacking. In this research, briquette was made from palm shells,  corncob and soybean stem wood due to its high availability and have high cellulose content. The purpose of this research was to produce briquettes from three kind of raw materials by employing pyrolysis process and compared the characteristics. The briquette was made from different type of raw materials (palm shells, corncob and soybean stem) and  the concentration of binder : 3-7 %. Pyrolysis was done at  500 °C, and 100 kg / cm2 of pressing pressure. Results showed that, the best charcoal briquette was achieved from palm shells by using 5% binder, which resulted 4,1% moisture content, 3.4% ash content,  15% volatile matter content, 77.5% carbon content,  7075 cal/g calorific value and  1.4 kg/cm2 compresive strength. It is found that the concentration of binder and raw material influenced the quality of the briquettes. In overall, the production of the briquettes by employing pyrolysis method could meet the standard.
Turnip mosaic virus: levantamento, identificação, caracterização biológica e molecular e aspectos epidemiológicos dos isolados brasileiros que infectam brássicas
Authors:   , Rodrigues Leilane Karam
Published: June 2021

O turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infecta espécies de diferentes famílias botânicas, sendo o único potyvírus capaz de infectar brássicas. Pode ser transmistido mecanicamente e de modo não persistente por mais de 80 espécies de afídeos. O TuMV é classificado em 12 patotipos, de acordo com reações em linhagens de Brassica napus que contêm (ou não) diferentes genes de resistência ao TuMV. Apesar de ser considerado o vírus mais importante que infecta brássicas no mundo, ainda há pouca informação sobre esse vírus na América do Sul. Com o objetivo de avançar no conhecimento da ocorrência, variabilidade genética e de aspectos biológicos e epidemiológicos do TuMV no Brasil, foram identificados e caracterizados 44 isolados de diferentes regiões produtoras de olerícolas. Cinco isolados tiveram seus genomas completamente sequenciados e, de acordo com análises filogenéticas da porção genômica correspondente à capa proteica, agruparam-se nos clados “World-B”, “Basal-B” e “BR”.
Characterizing risk behaviour and reinfection rates for successful programs to engage core transmitters in HCV elimination (C-RESPECT)
Authors: Conway Brian , Smyth Dan , Thomas Réjean , Wong Alex , Sebastiani Giada , Cooper Curtis , Shah Hemant , Kumar Ritesh , Deutsch Gretty , Watson Ted
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Development of robust treatment programs among core transmitters (CT) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) are needed, including strategies to address reinfection risk. The aim of this study was to describe the effectiveness of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment in CT versus non-CT populations and assess reinfection rates after successful treatment. METHODS: Characterizing Risk Behaviour and Reinfection Rates for Successful Programs to Engage Core Transmitters in HCV Elimination (C-RESPECT) was a prospective, observational study of HCV-infected Canadian adult patients (genotypes 1, 3, and 4) treated with DAAs between 2017 and 2020. RESULTS: The full analysis set included 429 participants (259 CT, 170 non-CT). Key differences were observed in baseline profiles: CT participants were younger (mean 42.3 [SD 11.2] y versus 55.0 [SD 11.1] y, respectively) and reported higher rates of social assistance (35.7% versus 14.8%), smoking (83.7% versus 52.4%), low socioeconomic status (yearly income <$15,000: 69.6% versus 43.9%), illicit drug use (83.7% versus 34.3%), and previous incarcerations (62.7% versus 36.9%). DAA treatment adherence was similar; 93 .5% versus 98.3% of CT versus non-CT participants completed the assigned treatment duration. Cure rates (sustained virologic response) were comparable, ranging from 94.9% to 98.1%. All reinfections were among CT participants, with a rate of 13.8/100 person-years (95% CI 9.2–20.8) with mean time to reinfection of 24.6 (SD 0.6) months; CONCLUSIONS: CT and non-CT participants respond equally well to DAA treatment; however, with some reinfections among CT participants. Innovative multidisciplinary programs must be developed to mitigate this risk in this key population.
Single Topic Conference on Autoimmune Liver Disease from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver
Authors: Montano-Loza Aldo J , Allegretti Jessica R , Cheung Angela , Ebadi Maryam , Jones David , Kerkar Nanda , Levy Cynthia , Rizvi Sumera , Vierling John M , Alvarez Fernando , Bai Wayne , Gilmour Susan , Gulamhusein Aliya , Guttman Orlee , Hansen Bettina E , MacParland Sonya , Mason Andrew , Onofrio Fernanda , Santamaria Pere , Stueck Ashley , Swain Mark , Vincent Catherine , Ricciuto Amanda , Hirschfield Gideon
Published: June 2021

Autoimmune liver disease (AILD) spans a spectrum of chronic disorders affecting the liver parenchyma and biliary system. Three main categories of AILD are autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). This review condenses the presentation and discussions of the Single Topic Conference (STC) on AILD that was held in Ottawa, Ontario, in November 2019. We cover generalities regarding disease presentation and clinical diagnosis; mechanistic themes; treatment paradigms; clinical trials, including approaches and challenges to new therapies; and looking beyond traditional disease boundaries. Although these diseases are considered autoimmune, the etiology and role of environmental triggers are poorly understood. AILDs are progressive and chronic conditions that affect survival and quality of life. Advances have been made in PBC treatment because second-line treatments are now available (obeticholic acid, bezafibrate); however, a significant proportion still present suboptimal response. AIH treatment has remained unchanged for several decades, and data suggest that fewer than 50% of patients achieve a complete response and as many as 80% develop treatment-related side effects. B-cell depletion therapy to treat AIH is in an early stage of development and has shown promising results. An effective treatment for PSC is urgently needed. Liver transplant remains the best option for patients who develop decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma within specific criteria, but recurrent AILD might occur. Continued efforts are warranted to develop networks for AILD aimed at assessing geo-epidemiological, clinical, and biochemical differences to capture the new treatment era in Canada.
The Relationship Between the Financial Performance of Banks and the Quality of Credit Scoring Models
Authors:   Sberbank, Tikhonov Roman , Masyutin Aleksey ,   Sberbank, Vadim Vadim ,   Sberbank
Published: June 2021

Model risk in credit scoring can be understood as the bank’s losses associated with a model quality deterioration. Deterioration in model quality entails an incorrect assessment of the creditworthiness of borrowers and leads to an increase in potentially defaulting applications in the loan portfolio, as the bank relies on the model performance when making lending decisions. The relationship between model quality and financial performance is embedded in the confusion matrix, where the value of a type I error indicates the bank’s lost profit, and the value of a type II error is equivalent to losses in the event of a default. We propose estimating model risk based on the scenario forecast of model quality or the ranking ability of the Gini model over a given time interval. The result of the analysis is the assessment of the bank’s net present value for the current and modified models, depending on the approval level. The proposed approach allows us to solve the problem of the optimal choice of a Gini model and answer the question of how model quality affects financial performance.
Іndustrial enterprises intellectual resources management in а knowledge-based economy
Authors:   Ternopil Ivan Pul'uj National Technical University, Ostrovska H.
Published: June 2021

Іndustrial enterprises intellectual resources management in а knowledge-based economy The article substantiates the theoretical provisions, scientific and practical recommendations for the industrial enterprises management in the formation of knowledge-based economy intellectual resources have been developed. The content and the main elements of the infrastructure-reproductive approach to the management of industrial enterprises intellectual resources are revealed. The classification of industrial enterprises intellectual resources management organizational levels is offered. The types of personnel policy that correspond to a certain level of the enterprise intellectual resources management organization are identified. The results of the study can be used to develop tools, methods, systems and mechanisms for managing the intellectual resources of industrial enterprises, aimed at maximizing the innovation effect, needed to ensure sustainable innovation at the current level. Keywords: knowledge-based economy; industrial enterprise; innovative development; intellectual potential; intellectual resources management; the effect of innovation; intellectual and innovative activity of personnel.