bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of EcoTea Organic Fertilizer and Poultry Manure on Soil Health, Yield and Yield Components of Tomato
Authors: Alabi P. O. , Olanrewaju O. O. , Adegboye A. R. , Adesigbin A. J.
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the effects of EcoTea organic fertilizer and poultry manure on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) yield and soil health. The treatments were arranged in randomized block design with three replications. Treatments PM + FW, C + FW and PM + AW in that order had significant effect on the fruit diameter at 8 WAT while OF + FW and OF + AW recorded an increase in fruit diameter at 11 WAT. Same trend was established in other yield components. The highest fruit yield at 8 WAT was recorded in treatments PM + AW and C + FW respectively while the lowest yield was recorded in OF + FW and OF + AW respectively. At 11 WAT, highest fruit yield was recorded in treatments PM + FW and OF + AW. Although the yield gotten from OF + FW here was not as much as the one from C + FW at 11 WAT; it was not the lowest yield (PM + AW). This is an indication that there was consistency in the yield of tomato under OF treatment; a further indication that EcoTea organic fertilizer’s effect on tomato development is positive and reliable. Overall, Organic fertilizer produced a consistent and reliable impact on the soil health, fruit yield and yield components of tomato especially from 8 WAT to 11 WAT; therefore, it is recommended and safe to use for tomato production under similar conditions as used in this study. The application of fertilizers significantly improved the soil chemical properties. Similar research should be carried out for three or more harvest cycles on the same piece of land to ascertain if the impact of EcoTea organic fertilizer will be sustained with same one-time application.
Hybrid Game-based Distribution Network and Multi-virtual Power Plant Co-optimization
Authors: Huang Yujie
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a hybrid game-based distribution network-multi-virtual power plant cooperative operation strategy for the different decision-making positions of distribution networks and virtual power plants. Firstly, the distribution system operator (DSO) is introduced as the leader, and the DSO aiming at maximizing its own benefits, formulates a dynamic tariff strategy to guide the virtual power plant cooperative alliance to optimize its operation; the virtual power plant cooperative alliance, as the follower, responds to the DSO's tariff strategy and formulates an autonomous optimization strategy to minimize its own operating costs. Secondly, the Nash bargaining model is used to allocate the benefits of cooperation among the multi-virtual power plant cooperative alliance according to their internal power interactions. The dichotomous method combined with ADMM is used to solve the developed model. The example shows that the hybrid distribution network-multi-virtual power plant game model can effectively enhance the benefits of the distribution network while taking into account the interests of the lower-level virtual power plants.
Challenges and Expectations of Tourism Industry in Bangladesh: A Study on Burichang and Kasba Sub-districts of Cumilla and Brahmanbaria Districts
Authors: Islam S. M. Nazrul , Hossain Md. Emam
Published: June 2023

Cucculelli and Goffi [1] stated that one of the industries with the highest growth rates worldwide is tourism, which provides the majority of developing nations with their primary source of foreign money. Bangladesh's tourism industry has immense potential to make it to the top of the tourist priority list. Ahmed, et al., [2] pointed out that in the context of global tourism of developing countries, Bangladesh, which offers a variety of natural variations, such as mountainous areas, sea beaches, mangrove forests, and many historical sites, has a tremendous amount of potential. Tourism provides advantages, which contribute to poverty reduction, by providing employment opportunities for local people. Tourism can contribute value to the Bangladeshi economy if a competent marketing plan and strategy are developed and implemented. The main objectives of this research were to review existing and unexplored tourist attractions, analyse locations, identify major benefits and challenges, evaluate the overall tourism industry, explore relevant employment opportunities, assess economic growth, and identify required development. The study area was Burichang and Kasba sub-districts of Cumilla and Brahmanbaria Districts. The information for the study was gathered using both primary and secondary data; the primary data was gathered by using the personal interview with using close-ended questionnaires that were from sample 82 domestic tourists and 18 related to different commercial activities that are related to these tourist places. Stratified random sampling method was used to meet the objectives. Data was analyzed using frequency analysis, percentage and descriptive statistics, with the help of Microsoft Excel 2019. From the analysis, it was found that the majority of the respondents are satisfied with transportation, space, and simplicity of access, all of the locations are well located geographically, tourists can easily cover all of the places at a time and the travel costs are reasonable. However, they are dissatisfied with information gaps, the absence of security, promotional activities, hotels, motels, bungalows, restaurants, and the present industry is limited. Several guidelines have been stated in the recommendation section that the concerned authorities can follow in order to improve the status.
Pejorative Words Indicating Indonesian Hate Speech
Authors: Suryanovika Citra , Affini Laily Nur
Published: June 2023

The study aims to identify the pejorative words in @detiknews’ comments and hate speech targets. This study was qualitative research, specifically descriptive content analysis. The researchers took the data from Indonesian comments in eighteen news of @detiknews’ Instagram account. The researchers used MAXQDA to show the results of the coding process. The study has found seven categories of Thurlow: social personality, uncategorized, top-5, racist, homophobic, phallocentric, and physicality. In this study, pejorative words were in the standard and non-standard Indonesian, local languages (Javanese, Betawi), vulgar slang, and animal metaphors. The study has classified pejorative words (Thurlow, 2001) as directed or generalized hate speech (Elsherief et al., 2018). The findings show that directed speech was a personal matter. To sum up, pejorative words indicating hate speech in Indonesia are not randomly used; it intends to show the users’ disagreement toward the publisher or another user’s comment:  it is addressed explicitly to either directed or generalized targets.
Espaço Cultural Alagados
Authors: Marchiori Nussbaumer Gisele , Leal Nathalia
Published: June 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar e dar visibilidade a experiência de gestão desenvolvida no Espaço Cultural Alagados, localizado no subúrbio de Salvador-Bahia. Interessa no texto refletir a dimensão comunitária e coletiva desse espaço, seu papel e importância no território onde se insere, bem como a sua forma de atuação e modo de gestão, determinantes para a sua existência e sobrevivência enquanto espaço público e comunitário, que existe há mais de três décadas e se mantém atuante mesmo no contexto de desmonte das políticas públicas de cultura e das instituições responsáveis pelas mesmas no país.
Análise bibliométrica sobre terapia infusional e cuidados intensivos / Bibliometric analysis on infusion therapy and intensive care
Authors: Brandao Rene , Henriques Jacqueline , Prado Silva Elen , Alves da Gama Lorena , Dumit Corrêa Raphael , Do Vale Cleilton
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: mapear o comportamento da produção científica sobre terapia infusional em terapia intensiva na Scopus. Método: estudo tipo bibliométrico, com análise estatística descritiva de artigos indexados na Scopus de 2010 a 2021. Resultados: foram recuperados 857 documentos, publicados em 393 periódicos, 738 artigos originais e 119 de revisão. Contabilizou-se 32 artigos de autoria única e 5814 com autoria múltipla. A média de artigos por autor foi de 0,147 e o índice de colaboração de 7,06. Conclusão: Muito embora baseada em fatos empíricos, as leis de Bradford e Lotka confirmaram possíveis hipóteses teóricas de que o núcleo de periódicos é formado pelos mais devotados e, portanto, mais produtivos, não obstante, revelou que quanto mais específico for o assunto/tema, mais limitada será a possibilidade de identificação de grupos de Elite de autores.
Comprehensive MR imaging QA of 0.35 T MR‐Linac using a multi‐purpose large FOV phantom: A single‐institution experience
Authors: Marasini Shanti , Zhang Hailei , Dyke Lara , Cole Mike , Quinn Benjamin , Curcuru Austen , Gu Bruce , Flores Rocco , Kim Taeho
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Magnetic resonance‐guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) is desired for the treatment of diseases in the abdominothoracic region, which has a broad imaging area and continuous motion. To ensure accurate treatment delivery, an effective image quality assurance (QA) program, with a phantom that covers the field of view (FOV) similar to a human torso, is required. However, routine image QA for a large FOV is not readily available at many MRgRT centers. In this work, we present the clinical experience of the large FOV MRgRT Insight phantom for periodic daily and monthly comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐QA and its feasibility compared to the existing institutional routine MRI‐QA procedures in 0.35 T MRgRT.

Methods

Three phantoms; ViewRay cylindrical water phantom, Fluke 76–907 uniformity and linearity phantom, and Modus QA large FOV MRgRT Insight phantom, were imaged on the 0.35 T MR‐Linac. The measurements were made in MRI mode with the true fast imaging with steady‐state free precession (TRUFI) sequence. The ViewRay cylindrical water phantom was imaged in a single‐position setup whereas the Fluke phantom and Insight phantom were imaged in three different orientations: axial, sagittal, and coronal. Additionally, the phased array coil QA was performed using the horizontal base plate of the Insight phantom by placing the desired coil around the base section which was compared to an in‐house built Polyurethane foam phantom for reference.

Result

The Insight phantom captured image artifacts across the entire planar field of view, up to 400 mm, in a single image acquisition, which is beyond the FOV of the conventional phantoms. The geometric distortion test showed a similar distortion of 0.45 ± 0.01  and 0.41 ± 0.01 mm near the isocenter, that is, within 300 mm lengths for Fluke and Insight phantoms, respectively, but showed higher geometric distortion of 0.8 ± 0.4 mm in the peripheral region between 300 and 400 mm of the imaging slice for the Insight phantom. The Insight phantom with multiple image quality features and its accompanying software utilized the modulation transform function (MTF) to evaluate the image spatial resolution. The average MTF values were 0.35 ± 0.01, 0.35 ± 0.01, and 0.34 ± 0.03 for axial, coronal, and sagittal images, respectively. The plane alignment and spatial accuracy of the ViewRay water phantom were measured manually. The phased array coil test for both the Insight phantom and the Polyurethane foam phantoms ensured the proper functionality of each coil element.

Conclusion

The multifunctional large FOV Insight phantom helps in tracking MR imaging quality of the system to a larger extent compared to the routine daily and monthly QA phantoms currently used in our institute. Also, the Insight phantom is found to be more feasible for routine QA with easy setup.
Emotional closure in autobiographical memories: Investigating future events for resolution
Authors: Ergen İrem , Gülgöz Sami
Published: June 2023

Autobiographical events can be open or closed according to the accompanying feeling of unresolved/resolution. Present study focuses on open events having potentiality to be closed and future resolution events. We asked 74 participants two past events in counterbalanced order: open with closure potential and closed. After each event, they also reported future resolution event and similar closed future event. We compared the phenomenology and spontaneous thinking characteristics. In addition to replicating findings for open and closed memories, results depicted that future resolution events were overall more positive with more positive mood impact upon spontaneously thought than open events, although their spontaneous thinking frequency was similar. As expected, these events were similar in emotional intensity during reporting and when spontaneously thought, but unexpectedly similar in reliving/pre‐living feelings. We discuss our results in threshold hypothesis context with future thinking, specifically how it might be different for spontaneous future cognition.
Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network's Quality Measure Set to Improve Care of Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Bingham Catherine A. , Harris Julia G. , Qiu Tingting , Gilbert Mileka , Vora Sheetal S. , Yildirim‐Toruner Cagri , Ferraro Kerry , Lovell Daniel J. , Taylor Janalee , Mannion Melissa L. , Weiss Jennifer E. , Laxer Ronald M. , Shishov Michael , Oberle Edward J. , Gottlieb Beth S. , Lee Tzielan C. , Pan Nancy , Burnham Jon M. , Fair Danielle C. , Batthish Michelle , Hazen Melissa M. , Spencer Charles H. , Morgan Esi M. ,   for the Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network
Published: June 2023

Objective

To describe the selection, development, and implementation of quality measures (QMs) for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by the Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network (PR‐COIN), a multihospital learning health network using quality improvement methods and leveraging QMs to drive improved outcomes across a JIA population since 2011.

Methods

An American College of Rheumatology–endorsed multistakeholder process previously selected initial process QMs. Clinicians in PR‐COIN and parents of children with JIA collaboratively selected outcome QMs. A committee of rheumatologists and data analysts developed operational definitions. QMs were programmed and validated using patient data. Measures are populated by registry data, and performance is displayed on automated statistical process control charts. PR‐COIN centers use rapid‐cycle quality improvement approaches to improve performance metrics. The QMs are revised for usefulness, to reflect best practices, and to support network initiatives.

Results

The initial QM set included 13 process measures concerning standardized measurement of disease activity, collection of patient‐reported outcome assessments, and clinical performance measures. Initial outcome measures were clinical inactive disease, low pain score, and optimal physical functioning. The revised QM set has 20 measures and includes additional measures of disease activity, data quality, and a balancing measure.

Conclusion

PR‐COIN has developed and tested JIA QMs to assess clinical performance and patient outcomes. The implementation of robust QMs is important to improve quality of care. PR‐COIN's set of JIA QMs is the first comprehensive set of QMs used at the point‐of‐care for a large cohort of JIA patients in a variety of pediatric rheumatology practice settings.
Mesoporous N,S‐Rich Carbon Hollow Nanospheres Controllably Prepared From Poly(2‐aminothiazole) with Ultrafast and Highly Durable Potassium Storage
Authors: Li Hao , Ma Quanwei , Yuan Yizhi , Wang Rui , Wang Ziyang , Zhang Qianyu , Zhang Longhai , Zhu Jian , Zhang Shilin , Mao Jianfeng , Li Hongbao , Eliseeva Svetlana , Kondratiev Veniamin , Zhang Yun , Zhang Chaofeng , Wu Yuping
Published: June 2023

Carbon with few active sites and narrow interlayer distance as anode for potassium ion batteries (PIBs) always shows low capacity, sluggish kinetics, and low Columbic efficiency. Herein, poly(2‐aminothiazole) (P2AT) hollow nanospheres are first synthesized as a carbon source for high N, S co‐doped carbon hollow nanospheres (NS‐HCSs). The hollow P2AT nanospheres can be controllably synthesized with an Ostwald ripening process. The unique doping and structure endow the NS‐HCSs with high content of N and S dopants in carbon, mesoporous structure with enlarged interlayer distance, elevated ratio of N‐6 and N‐5 species, enhanced conductivity, abundant surface defects, and large active sites. When evaluated as an anode for PIBs, NS‐HCSs exhibit a high reversible capacity of 422 mAh g‒1 and excellent long‐term cycling performance. Using combined experiment and theoretical computation, including in situ TEM and in situ Raman, the K‐storage mechanism and dynamic evolution processes of NS‐HCSs, including low volume expansion, enhanced K‐ion adsorption, and stable composition and structure evolution during repeating potassiation/de‐potassiation processes is revealed. This quantitative design for highly durable K‐storage and large capacity in carbon can be advantageous for the rational design of anode materials of PIBs with ideal electrochemical performance.
Biodegradable, Sustainable Hydrogel Actuators with Shape and Stiffness Morphing Capabilities via Embedded 3D Printing
Authors: Sun Wenhuan , Williamson Avery S. , Sukhnandan Ravesh , Majidi Carmel , Yao Lining , Feinberg Adam W. , Webster‐Wood Victoria A.
Published: June 2023

Despite the impressive performance of recent marine robots, many of their components are non‐biodegradable or even toxic and may negatively impact sensitive ecosystems. To overcome these limitations, biologically‐sourced hydrogels are a candidate material for marine robotics. Recent advances in embedded 3D printing have expanded the design freedom of hydrogel additive manufacturing. However, 3D printing small‐scale hydrogel‐based actuators remains challenging. In this study, Free form reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) printing is applied to fabricate small‐scale biologically‐derived, marine‐sourced hydraulic actuators by printing thin‐wall structures that are water‐tight and pressurizable. Calcium‐alginate hydrogels are used, a sustainable biomaterial sourced from brown seaweed. This process allows actuators to have complex shapes and internal cavities that are difficult to achieve with traditional fabrication techniques. Furthermore, it demonstrates that fabricated components are biodegradable, safely edible, and digestible by marine organisms. Finally, a reversible chelation‐crosslinking mechanism is implemented to dynamically modify alginate actuators' structural stiffness and morphology. This study expands the possible design space for biodegradable marine robots by improving the manufacturability of complex soft devices using biologically‐sourced materials.
Oxygen‐Bridged Copper–Iron Atomic Pair as Dual‐Metal Active Sites for Boosting Electrocatalytic NO Reduction
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Zhu Xiaorong , Tu Xiaojin , Zhang Xiaoran , Chen Chen , Wei Xiaoxiao , Li Yafei , Wang Shuangyin
Published: June 2023

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitric oxide (NO) to ammonia (NH3) is a promising approach to NH3 synthesis. However, due to the lack of efficient electrocatalysts, the performance of electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction (NORR) is far from satisfactory. Herein, it is reported that an atomic copper–iron dual‐site electrocatalyst bridged by an axial oxygen atom (OFeN6Cu) is anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon (CuFe DS/NC) for NORR. The CuFe DS/NC can significantly enhance the electrocatalytic NH3 synthesis performance (Faraday efficiency, 90%; yield rate, 112.52 µmol cm−2 h−1) at −0.6 V versus RHE, which is dramatically higher than the corresponding Cu single‐atom, Fe single‐atom and all NORR single‐atom catalysts in the literature so far. Moreover, an assembled proof‐of‐concept Zn–NO battery using CuFe DS/NC as the cathode outputs a power density of 2.30 mW cm−2 and an NH3 yield of 45.52 µg h−1 mgcat−1. The theoretical calculation result indicates that bimetallic sites can promote electrocatalytic NORR by changing the rate‐determining step and accelerating the protonation process. This work provides a flexible strategy for efficient sustainable NH3 synthesis.
Managing Diabetes with Hydrogel Drug Delivery
Authors: Xiang Yuanhui , Su Bo , Liu Dongping , Webber Matthew J.
Published: June 2023

Diabetes is one of the most pressing healthcare challenges facing society. Dysfunctional insulin signaling causes diabetes, leading to blood glucose instability and many associated complications. While the administration of exogenous insulin is then essential for achieving glucose control, issues with dosing accuracy and timing remain. Hydrogel‐based drug delivery systems have been broadly explored for controlled protein release, including for applications in long‐lasting and oral insulin delivery. More recently, efforts have focused on injectable hydrogels with glucose‐directed controlled release of insulin and glucagon, aiming for more autonomous and biomimetic approaches to blood glucose control. These materials typically use protein‐based sensing mechanisms or glucose binding by synthetic aryl boronates for glucose‐directed release. Despite advancements in this area, there remains a need for more precise timing of therapeutic availability to afford healthy blood glucose homeostasis, providing an opportunity for further research and innovation. This review summarizes the current state of hydrogel‐based delivery of insulin and glucagon, with insights into the potential benefits, future directions, and challenges that must be overcome to achieve clinical impact.
In Silico Experiments to Explore the Heating Efficiency of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Preclinical Tests
Authors: Vicentini Marta , Ferrero Riccardo , Manzin Alessandra
Published: June 2023

Preclinical tests on murine models are typically performed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in cancer treatment with magnetic hyperthermia. Here, through in silico experiments, in vivo tests are mimicked on a 30 g mouse and a 500 g rat, with the aim of determining the optimal treatment conditions allowing to reach the therapeutic temperature range (40−45 °C) within tumor regions. Various types of MNPs are considered with very different heating properties in terms of specific loss power, varying their administered dose, as well as the frequency and peak amplitude of the magnetic field. The analysis is performed by means of finite element models that solve the low‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) field problem and the Pennes’ bioheat transfer equation, to calculate the temperature increase in biological tissues due to the combined effects of EM field exposure and MNP activation. The methodology, which can be generalized to any type of MNPs, has permitted to identify the proper doses of MNPs to be administered to the tumor region, as a function of their heating properties and magnetic field parameters, highlighting the conditions that can lead to possible overheating, generation of hot spots or magnetic hyperthermia inefficacy.
Zn‐Rejuvenated and SEI‐Regulated Additive in Zinc Metal Battery via the Iodine Post‐Functionalized Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework‐90
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Hong Hu , Zhong Leheng , Zhu Jiaxiong , Hou Yue , Wang Shipeng , Lv Haiming , liang Peng , Guo Ying , Wang Donghong , Li Pei , Wang Yaxin , Li Qing , Cao Shan Cecilia , Li Hongfei , Zhi Chunyi
Published: June 2023

Due to the high abundance of their components, low cost, and high safety, zinc‐based batteries open up new vistas for large‐scale energy storage. However, their stability, lifetime, and reversibility are impaired by passivation and dendrite growth of the Zn anode. Here, this challenge is circumvented by an iodine post‐functionalized zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (ZIF‐90‐I) additive, in which the polycation absorbed on Zn anode can regulate solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation in the 1 m Zn(TFSI)2 electrolyte and induce Zn2+ uniform deposition. Moreover, the I3−/I− redox can rejuvenate dead Zn and inhibit dendrites. With the ZIF‐90‐I additive, Zn plating/stripping at 99.5% Coulombic efficiency for 120 cycles is obtained in Zn||Ti cells at 20 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2. In addition, Zn||Zn cells show steady cycling for 1200 h at 5 mA cm−2/1 mAh cm−2 with stable overpotentials. The utilization rate of Zn reaches up to 68.6%. In situ optical microscopy reveals smooth, uniform Zn plating, and the Zn‐rejuvenated function from the I3−/I− redox couple. The refreshed SEI with the increase of Zn‐rich complexes, and nitrides from adsorbed polycations, are uniform and ZnF2‐rich in the Zn(TFSI)2 + ZIF‐90‐I electrolyte. The full Zn||air cells in Zn(TFSI)2 + ZIF‐90‐I electrolyte exhibit excellent cycling stability with stable polarization voltage at 0.1 mA/0.05 mAh cm−2.
In Situ Reconstruction of Hole‐Selective Perovskite Heterojunction with Graded Energetics Toward Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells
Authors: Jiang Sheng , Xiong Shaobing , Wu Hongbo , Zhao Dongyang , You Xiaomeng , Xu Yehui , Jia Menghui , Bai Wei , Ma Zaifei , Liu Xianjie , Yao Yefeng , Sun Zhenrong , Bao Qinye
Published: June 2023

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated a high power conversion efficiency, however, the large energy loss due to non‐radiative recombination is the main challenge for further performance enhancement. Here, a surface treatment strategy is developed by heat‐induced decomposition of a thin interlayer 2,7‐Naphthaleneditriflate (NAP) to in situ reconstruct perovskite energetics. It is verified that the reconstructed perovskite surface energetics match better with the upper hole transport layer compared to the intrinsic condition. Spontaneous generation of n/n− homojunctions between the perovskite film bulk and the surface region promotes hole extraction, enhancing built‐in electric field, and thus significantly suppresses charge recombination at such perovskite hole‐selective heterojunctions. Moreover, the surface decomposed fluorine‐rich complexes passivate the defects and improve the crystallinity of the perovskite film. These advantages are confirmed by a remarkably improved efficiency from 20.52% for the control device to 23.37% for the treated one with excellent stability. The work provides a promising approach of in situ reconstructing perovskite surface and interface for the design of highly efficient and stable PSCs.
High‐Energy Density Aqueous Alkali/Acid Hybrid Zn–S Battery
Authors: Cai Pingwei , Sun Wei , Chen Junxiang , Chen Kai , Lu Zhiwen , Wen Zhenhai
Published: June 2023

Aqueous zinc‐based batteries with high energy density are highly sought after to satisfy the increasing demands on the electrochemical energy device thanks to the advantages of high safety, low cost, and fast kinetics. In this work, a high‐performance hybrid Zn–S battery (h‐ZnSB) is reported by coupling an alkali Zn anode with an acidic sulfur electrode. To this end, atomic Zn–N4dispersed on nitrogen‐doped hollow porous carbon (Zn–NHPC) is developed as the host of sulfur that enhances efficiency due to the higher affinity of Zn–N4to CuS than N‐doped graphene, which can reduce the vulcanization reaction barrier that is too high on N‐doped graphene. The hybrid Zn–S battery shows desired electrochemical properties, including a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.81 V, high specific capacities of 2250 mAh g−1at 1 A g−1and 1500 mAh g−1at 10 A g−1, as well as a high energy density of 2372 Wh kg−1at 10 A g−1based on the total mass of S/C composites. The present work may provide a promising route for the development of high‐energy and high‐safety aqueous batteries.
Smart phosphorescence from solid to water through progressive assembly strategy based on dual phosphorescent sources
Authors: Xia Qing‐Qing , Wang Xing‐Huo , Yu Jia‐Lin , Chen Zhong‐Yuan , Lou Xin‐Yue , Liu Xiaomin , Wu Ming‐Xue , Yang Ying‐Wei
Published: June 2023

Developing smart room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with facile and efficient strategies have attracted increasing attention. Herein, tunable RTP materials with two phosphorescent sources and stepwise enhanced phosphorescence in water are obtained through an in‐situ self‐assembly strategy based on the sensitization of phosphors by trimesic acid (TMA) through simple doping and the rigidification of phosphors by hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). As expected, doped TMA+phosphors simultaneously promote the RTP emission of phosphors and maintain TMA phosphorescence. In‐situ assembled HOF(MA‐TMA)@phosphors facilitate smart RTP emission in water due to the coexistence of phosphorescent HOF(MA‐TMA) host and phosphors guest. Additionally, such RTP materials with good processability demonstrate the application potential in information security, benefitting from their varied afterglow lifetimes and easy luminous recognition in the darkness. This work will inspire the design of dual phosphorescent source RTP systems and provide new strategies for the development of smart RTP materials in water.
Incidence and outcome of arrhythmias and electrical disease in patients with Trisomy 18
Authors: Czosek Richard J. , Baskar Shankar , Mohan Shaun , Anderson Jeffrey B. , Spar David S.
Published: June 2023

Patients with Trisomy 18 have a high incidence of cardiac anomalies and are associated with early death. Because of early mortality, electrical system disease and arrhythmia has been difficult to delineate and the incidence remain unknown. We sought to describe the association and clinical outcomes of electrical system disease and cardiac tachy‐arrhythmias in patients with Trisomy 18. This was a retrospective, single institutional study. All patients with Trisomy 18 were included in the study. Patient characteristics, congenital heart disease (CHD), conduction system and clinical tachy‐arrhythmia data were collected on all patients. Outcomes including cardiac surgical interventions, electrical system interventions and death were collected until the time of study. Patients with tachy‐arrhythmias/electrical system involvement were compared to those without to identify potential associated variables. A total of 54 patients with Trisomy 18 were included in analysis. The majority of patients was female and had associated CHD. AV nodal conduction system abnormalities with either first or second degree AV block were common (15%) as was QTc prolongation (37%). Tachy‐arrhythmias were common with 22% of patients having at least one form of tachy‐arrhythmia and associated with concomitant conduction system disease (p = 0.002). Tachy‐arrhythmias were typically treatable with monitoring or medication with eventual resolution without need for procedural intervention. Although early death was common, there were no causes of death associated with tachy‐arrhythmia or conduction system disease. In conclusion, patients with Trisomy 18 have a high incidence of conduction system abnormalities and burden of clinical tachy‐arrhythmias. Although frequent, electrical system disease did not affect patient outcome or difficultly of care delivery.
Temperature‐dependent mechanical performance of Nafion® 212 proton exchange membrane under uniaxial and biaxial loading
Authors: Hu Yiqun , Ding Suhang , Pan Mingxing , Xu Jianfei , Zhang Yuhang , Wu Wenwang , Xia Re
Published: June 2023

The degradation of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) can significantly affect the structural integrity and lifetime of fuel cells. This study investigates the effects of temperature, peak load, initial strain, and loading modes on the mechanical properties of Nafion® 212 PEM using an in‐situ biaxial testing system. The findings indicate that membrane creeping is positively correlated with temperature and peak loads. The stress relaxation rate increases with the increase of initial strain, and an increase in temperature also leads to an apparent decrease in the anti‐relaxation properties of Nafion® 212 membrane. Additionally, the mechanical properties of low‐cycle fatigue at various temperatures were explored under biaxial cyclic loading conditions. When the temperature is fixed, the membrane strain increases and gradually stabilizes with the rise of fatigue cycles. With an increase in temperature, the strain increases at a greater rate. The phase difference increases with temperature growth, and the “hysteresis” phenomenon of the strain becomes more pronounced, resulting in greater energy loss. These results provide valuable insights into the mechanical behavior of Nafion® 212 PEM under different conditions. And can inform the design and optimization of fuel cell systems and contribute to the development of more robust and durable PEM materials.
β‐asarone inhibits the migration, invasion, and EMT of bladder cancer through activating ER stress
Authors: Liu Bo , Dan Weichao , Wei Yi , Zhang Yan , Wang Chi , Lei Yuzeshi , Hou Tao , Zhang Yong , Gao Ye
Published: June 2023

Background

β‐asarone (β‐as), a compound extracted from Acorus calamus, has been found to have anticancer effects on a variety of human cancers. However, the potential effect of β‐as on bladder cancer (BCa) remains unknown.

Methods

After exposure to β‐as, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BCa were determined by wound healing, transwell, and Western blot assays. Expression of proteins involved in the EMT and ER stress were explored by Western blot assays. Nude mouse xenograft model was served as the model system in vivo.

Results

The migration, invasion, and EMT of BCa were significantly inhibited after β‐as treatment. Further experiments revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in β‐as‐mediated metastasis inhibition. In addition, β‐as significantly up‐regulated activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), a branch of ER stress, and promoted its Golgi cleavage and nuclear localization. ATF6 silencing attenuated β‐as‐mediated metastasis and EMT inhibition in BCa cells.

Conclusion

Our data suggests that β‐as inhibits migration, invasion, and EMT of BCa by activating the ATF6 branch of ER stress. Thus, β‐as represents a potential candidate for BCa treatment.
T‐cells infiltration mediates the association between neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and survival in gastric cancer
Authors: He Qifei , Huangfu Longtao , Fan Biao , Zhuang Qianzheng , He Liu , Li Lin , You Wei , Xing Xiaofang
Published: June 2023

Background

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a vital index for systemic inflammation and a prognostic indicator for gastric cancer (GC). Despite the abundant literature on NLR's prognostic value for GC, the underlying factors mediating its impact on survival remain unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the role of NLR in different prognostic models and subgroups, and investigate the mediating effects of immune infiltrates between NLR and survival.

Methods

A total of 924 patients who underwent D2 lymph node resection were enrolled in this study. According to the level of NLR, patients were divided into two groups, the high and low NLR groups. Clinical parameters, indexes related to immune infiltrates, and survival were compared between the two groups. Prognostic models, interaction analysis, and mediating effects analysis were performed to investigate the clinical association of NLR, immune infiltrates, and survival.

Results

The infiltration of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells was significantly different in the two NLR groups. The level of NLR was an independent prognostic predictor of GC. In addition, an interaction effect exists between NLR and MMR status on the prognosis of GC (p‐interaction <0.01). Lastly, the mediating effect analysis revealed that the infiltration level of CD3+ T cells was the mediating factor between NLR and survival (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The level of NLR is an independent prognostic predictor of GC. The effect of NLR on prognosis is partly mediated by CD3+ T‐cell infiltration.
Synergy Between Supported Metal Single Atoms and Nanoparticles and their Relevance in Catalysis
Authors: Serp Philippe
Published: June 2023

Catalytic active sites consisting in isolated metal single atoms can be found in enzymatic, homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts. In heterogeneous catalysis, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) may offer high reactivity and selectivity towards some reactions provided their local coordination environment and electronic properties are correctly tuned. These sites generally possess specific properties compared to metal nanoparticles or clusters. Because of the difficulty, inherent in supported catalysis, of preparing catalysts having a high homogeneity of active sites, these two species have had to coexist in many supported catalysts. If the current trend is often limited to comparing the reactivity of these two types of species, we will see in this mini‐review that for few years, work has highlighted a possible synergy between these species to improve catalytic performance. The different types of synergies are discussed, as well as challenges and opportunities for such catalysts in thermal‐, electro‐ and photo‐catalysis.
An introduction to ICD code development for pediatric neurology
Authors: Baker Monika J. , Bonkowsky Joshua L.
Published: June 2023

Objective

Querying large data sets in the United States is challenging due to limitations of International Classification of Diseases 10th edition Clinical Modification (ICD‐10‐CM) codes. ICD codes were developed for tracking mortality and for billing purposes but are also the most widely used data structure to represent clinically significant and distinct disorders. We report an approach for developing new ICD codes based on our work creating new codes for leukodystrophies.

Methods

Important steps in ICD‐10‐CM code development include working with the ICD‐10‐CM Coordination and Maintenance Committee, a subset of the National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS); working to ensure the code has the best placement and is appropriate for submission; presenting the code and accompanying proposal (rationale) at a Coordination and Maintenance Committee Meeting; and requesting letters of support and addressing concerns raised by various groups.

Results

We describe the historical development of ICD codes as well as their current hierarchical structure. Important features for successful code development included consulting future ICD‐11‐CM code structure; determining which codes are most important to the community; having a multidisciplinary approach; and obtaining organizational and institutional support.

Conclusion

Focusing on the clinical importance of leukodystrophy codes was important for their approval. Although challenging, there is a route for new code development, and we were ultimately successful in obtaining approval for 10 new leukodystrophy ICD‐10‐CM codes. Understanding ICD codes and their structure, considering their usage for clinical and research work, and appreciating how new codes can be developed is important for the pediatric neurology community.
Researchers find alarming increase in eating disorders for female adolescents during and after pandemic
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: June 2023

Eating disorders increased alarmingly during the pandemic for teen girls, who also had increased rates of other psychiatric disorders. Several pediatric health organizations in 2021 declared a state of emergency due to increased mental health conditions among youth. These problems seemed to be exacerbated by the pandemic, which resulted in disruptions in daily life, social isolation, family economic problems, increased social media use, and reduced access to health care. All of these conditions existed, and all could have negative effects on mental health.
Anti‐poverty programs can improve mental health in children
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: June 2023

Researchers have found that states with stronger social safety nets have lower disparities in brain development and mental health of children 9 to 11 years old. The research, supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) found that the disparity in brain structure between children from high‐ versus low‐income households was more than a third lower in states with greater cash assistance than in those offering less, and the disparity in mental health symptoms was reduced by nearly a half.
Perspectives of Certified Crop Advisers on Pesticide Resistance Management
Authors: Dentzman Katherine
Published: June 2023

Pesticide resistance presents serious agronomic, environmental, and socio‐economic threats that continue to grow despite significant research and outreach initiatives. Existing research on producers’ pest management decisions and behaviors suggests that they face a variety of barriers and limitations to best management practices. While we know an increasing amount about producers’ perspectives on, and management of, pesticide resistance, there is limited understanding of how their advisers think about and deal with the issue. A recent survey sent to U.S.‐based CCAs provides some insight into these questions. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Integrated Pest Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Hexacyclic Chelated Lithium Stable Solvates for Highly Reversible Cycling of High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Battery
Authors: Wu Lan‐Qing , Li Zhe , Lu Yong , Hou Jin‐Ze , Han Hao‐Qin , Zhao Qing , Chen Jun
Published: June 2023

Ether‐based electrolytes that are endowed with decent compatibility towards lithium anode have been regarded as promising candidates for constructing energy‐dense lithium metal batteries (LMBs), but their applications are hindered by low oxidation stability in conventional salt concentration. Here, we reported that regulating the chelating power and coordination structure can remarkably increase the high‐voltage stability of ether‐based electrolytes and lifespan of LMBs. Two ether molecules of 1,3‐dimethoxypropane (DMP) and 1,3‐diethoxypropane (DEP) are designed and synthesized as solvents of electrolytes to replace the traditional ether solvent (1,2‐dimethoxyethane, DME). Both computational and spectra reveal that the transition from five‐ to six‐membered chelate solvation structure by adding one methylene on DME results in the formation of weak Li solvates, which increase the reversibility and high‐voltage stability in LMBs. Even under lean electrolyte (5 mL Ah−1) and low anode to cathode ratio (2.6), the fabricated high‐voltage Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 LMBs using electrolyte of 2.30 M Lithiumbisfluorosulfonimide (LiFSI)/DMP still show capacity retention over 90 % after 184 cycles. This work highlights the importance of designing the coordination structures in non‐fluorine ether electrolytes for rechargeable batteries.
Error‐correcting cryptographic S‐boxes with multiple error detection and correction
Authors: Rashidi Bahram
Published: June 2023

In this paper, the error‐correcting 4‐bit S‐boxes for cryptography applications with multiple error detection and correction are presented. Three 4‐bit S‐boxes which are used in the lightweight block ciphers PRESENT, Midori, and KLEIN are considered for implementation of the error‐correcting method. The proposed method does not require two redundant S‐boxes for repairing the S‐box. The main circuit of the S‐box is implemented concurrently with the low‐cost error‐correcting part of the structure. This reduces the overall area consumption and delay of the proposed error‐correcting method (the area consists of the 4‐bit S‐box and self‐checking/error‐correcting circuits). In the proposed error‐correcting method, the outputs of the S‐box are tested individually and it can detect and repair transient and permanent faults simultaneously. Therefore, the structure can detect and repair the single, double, triple, and quadruple faults at a time. The area and timing results, in 180 nm CMOS technology, show the proposed structures are acceptable in terms of area and delay overheads than those of the other methods.
Impact of low‐volume blood withdrawal on hematological biomarkers for the athlete biological passport
Authors: Krumm B. , Saugy J. J. , Botrè F. , Faiss R.
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the impact of low‐volume blood withdrawal on the hematological biomarkers currently considered for anti‐doping purposes. After baseline measurement (D − 7), a 140 mL blood withdrawal was completed (D + 0) on 12 healthy volunteers, followed by weekly monitoring for 21 days (D + 7 – 21). Each visit consisted of a full blood count (Sysmex XN‐1000) and duplicate blood volume measurements by CO‐rebreathing. A significant decrease in total hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) (−2.3%, p = 0.007) and red blood cell volume (RBCV) (−2.8%, p = 0.028) was reported at D + 7. Despite no atypical passport finding (ATPF) when considering the athlete biological passport adaptive longitudinal model, hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) increased significantly at D + 21 (+3.8%, p = 0.031). Besides, ferritin (FERR) was significantly downregulated at all points following blood withdrawal, with the largest decrease occurring at D + 7 (−26.6%, p < 0.001). Regardless of the presumable effect of blood reinfusion on ABP biomarkers, these results illustrate the challenge of monitoring hematological variables for the detection of low‐volume blood withdrawal. Finally, this study outlines the sensitivity of FERR to altered erythropoiesis to support the implementation of iron markers as complementary variables for the longitudinal monitoring of blood doping, despite the potential influence of confounding factors (e.g., iron supplementations).
Fish feces reveal diverse nutrient sources for coral reefs
Authors: Van Wert Jacey C. , Ezzat Leïla , Munsterman Katrina S. , Landfield Kaitlyn , Schiettekatte Nina M. D. , Parravicini Valeriano , Casey Jordan M. , Brandl Simon J. , Burkepile Deron E. , Eliason Erika J.
Published: June 2023

Consumers mediate nutrient cycling through excretion and egestion across most ecosystems. In nutrient‐poor tropical waters such as coral reefs, nutrient cycling is critical for maintaining productivity. While the cycling of fish‐derived inorganic nutrients via excretion has been extensively investigated, the role of egestion for nutrient cycling has remained poorly explored. We sampled the fecal contents of 570 individual fishes across 40 species, representing six dominant trophic guilds of coral reef fishes in Moorea, French Polynesia. We measured fecal macro‐ (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) and micro‐ (calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, zinc) nutrients and compared the fecal nutrient quantity and quality across trophic guilds, taxa, and body size. Macro‐ and micronutrient concentrations in fish feces varied markedly across species. Genera and trophic guild best predicted fecal nutrient concentrations. In addition, nutrient composition in feces was unique among species within both trophic guilds (herbivores and corallivores) and genera (AcanthurusandChaetodon). Particularly, certain coral reef fishes (e.g.,Thalassoma hardwicke,Chromis xanthura,Chaetodon pelewensisandAcanthurus pyroferus) harbored relatively high concentrations of micronutrients (e.g., Mn, Mg, Zn and Fe, respectively) that are known to contribute to ocean productivity and positively impact coral physiological performances. Given the nutrient‐rich profiles across reef fish feces, conserving holistic reef fish communities ensures the availability of nutritional pools on coral reefs. We therefore suggest that better integration of consumer egestion dynamics into food web models and ecosystem‐scale processes will facilitate an improved understanding of coral reef functioning.