bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of tau protein based on the activity of kinases and phosphatases in various forms of synaptic plasticity
Authors: Tan Burak , Tufan Esra , Barutçu Özlem , Aslan-Gülpınar Ezgi , Dursun Nurcan , Süer Cem
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study is to show the relationship between the change in the strengthening of synaptic plasticity and tau phosphorylation and tau-kinases and phosphatase. The averages of the field excitatory-postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) and population spike (PS) in the last 5 min were used as a measure of LTP, LTD and MP. Total and phosphorylated levels of tau, kinases and phosphatases were evaluated by western blot and mRNA levels were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The stimulation of synapses by HFS and LFS+HFS increased the phosphorylation of total-tau and phospho-tau at the Thr181, Ser202/Thr205, Ser396 and Ser416 residues, and these were accompanied by increased enzymatic activity of Akt, ERK1/2. The increased phosphorylation of tau may mediate maintenance of LTP. If the increase in phosphorylation of tau cannot be prevented, together with inhibition of the subsequent LTP, this may indicate that the physiological role of hyperphosphorylated tau in synaptic plasticity may extend to pathological processes.
Effects of jetstream on seasonal variations of tropical cyclone tracks in the East Sea
Authors: Vu Van Thang , Bui Minh Tuan , Tran Duy Thuc , Cong Thanh
Published: March 2024

Tropical cyclones (TCs) frequently occurs and result in substantial socio-economic consequences for the countries around the East Sea. In this study, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) best tracks and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data are employed to investigate the effect of jetstream on the seasonal variations of the TC tracks. The results reveal four primary directions of the tracks: northeastward, northwestward, westward and southwestward. A low-level anomalous cyclone moving from the Western North Pacific (WNP) to the Indochina Peninsula (IP) plays a significant role in guiding the movement of the TCs. This anomalous cyclone is strongly modulated by the development of a wavetrain along the subtropical jetstream. In May, the wavetrain induces strong anomalous divergence to the east of China, leading to the northeastward expansion of the low-level anomalous cyclones, thereby directing the TCs to the northeast. From June to August, the jetstream shifts to higher latitudes, reducing its impact on the TC tracks. From September to December, the jetstream moves back to the south; however, its effect on the TC tracks is opposite to that in May. During this time, the wavetrain accelerates an anomalous anticyclone in Southeast China and the Western North Pacific, which in turn pushes the anomalous cyclone to the south and promotes westward and southwestward movement of the TCs in the East Sea.
Tradiciones orales y transmisión de saberes productivos desde las edades tempranas
Authors: Marchan-Rodríguez Francis Yoel
Published: March 2024

50 niños de diferentes edades. El enfoque metodológico empleado fue cualitativo, basado en la comprensión de los hechos, averiguando desde la perspectiva de los participantes en su argumento. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron realizar un diagnóstico solidario, elaborar un plan de acción y aplicar acciones solidarias. Dentro de las conclusiones resaltan que se ha logrado evidenciar que es de suma importancia el rescate de los saberes productivos ancestrales orales, ya que son parte de la promoción y recuperación del valor cultural del distrito de Casitas. Se incluye un plan de enseñanza y aprendizaje con un impacto positivo dentro de los integrantes de la comunidad que cuentan con edades tempranas.
Rompiendo barreras
Authors: López-González Ángela María , Pinzón-Alarcón Laura Victoria
Published: March 2024

The primary aim of this research is to explore the effectiveness of utilizing Google Translate to enhance the language production abilities of A2 level students in Bogotá, Colombia. To achieve this a mixed research design was employed, involving the collection of data through a 15-question questionnaire administered via Google Forms and practical exercises adapted from the KEY exam. The questionnaire delves into aspects such as how often they develop writing and speaking activities in English classes, the utilization of Google Translate for completing this kind tasks and the learners comfort level with utilizing this tool. Additionally, practical exercises in writing and speaking were conducted to assess whether employing Google Translate facilitates students’ skills to generate written documents, comprehend conferences, conversations and effectively talk in English. Based on the research findings it can be concluded that using Google TranslateVersión PreprintPanorama ISSN-L: 1909-7433 / E-ISSN: 2145-308X Vol 17 No 2(33) 2023could serve as an instrument for enhancing language learning outcomes particularly in writing and speaking areas. It is recommended that simultaneous translators be integrated into language learning processes as they can prove beneficial for both students and teachers. However, it is crucial to utilize them in a manner that complements language learning methods rather than replacing them entirely. Moreover, it is advised that teachers provide guidelines on how to utilize Google Translate appropriately while encouraging its use as a learning tool rather than relying on it as a shortcut. In general, this research offers understanding regarding the advantages and difficulties of incorporating machine translators into language learning. It also provides suggestions on how to effectively integrate them into the classroom setting.
COVID-19 y logro educativo en evaluados de profesiones internacionales, Colombia
Authors: Angulo-Pico Grace , Mercado-Mejía Menis
Published: March 2024

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational achievement in quantitative reasoning (CR) of those evaluated from international professions in Colombia is analyzed, based on the higher education exit test (Saber Pro). An educational production function is constructed with grouped cross-sectional data, using a time series prior to the pandemic shock, as a baseline of the behavior of the dependent variable in 2020. Based on the stylized facts, it is decided to present three econometric regression schemes linear with robust standard errors. Among the results, the presence of selection bias is ruled out, since on average and by score percentiles, the number of evaluated increased in 2020. On the other hand, it was identified that, in 2019, there was an atypical behavior in the score average and in the growth rate of those who took the test. In general terms, it was evidenced that COVID-19 has a significant negative effect on educational achievement in quantitative reasoning of the subjects of analysis (4.5 points less compared to 2019; and 7 points less, in relation to the 2016 courts -2018). However, this adverse shock is softened by access to technological tools (computer and internet), which allowed to continue with academic activities remotely.
Dolarizações e heterodoxia na América Latina
Authors: SALAMA PIERRE
Published: March 2024

RESUMO As mudanças nos mercados financeiros internacionais implicaram novas condições para o financiamento da dívida externa latino-americana. A “dolarização” dessas economias, tanto no sentido amplo (utilização do dólar em vez da moeda local) quanto no sentido estrito (fuga de capitais), adquiriu nova importância, afetando intensamente a soberania monetária desses países. Como resultado, novas políticas econômicas foram instituídas na Argentina e no Brasil com o objetivo de reduzir a inflação, impondo um congelamento de preços e uma desindexação geral da economia sem causar recessão, bem como manter um serviço mínimo de suas dívidas externas. O autor leva em consideração tanto o contexto externo quanto as estruturas econômicas e de acumulação de capital, que variam conforme o país e o momento, ao analisar as limitações das medidas utilizadas para frear a “dolarização” de longo prazo e as principais características dos planos “Austral” e “Cruzado”, que se apresentavam como heterodoxos. Por fim, apresenta a eventual necessidade de adoção de medidas mais heterodoxas do que as previstas naqueles planos: o sucesso decorreria de uma moratória parcial do pagamento da dívida externa e de uma modificação sensata na distribuição de renda.
As equações quantitativas e seu alcance analítico
Authors: SILVA LUIZ AFONSO SIMOENS DA
Published: March 2024

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura e debates sobre equações quantitativas e teoria monetária. Segue os contornos de uma crítica geral ao conceito de velocidade de circulação do dinheiro e à inconsistência dos pressupostos neoclássicos. E acaba concluindo que as equações quantitativas não são importantes para o desenvolvimento de uma teoria monetária.
Política de dividendos: a mediação entre controle gerencial e propriedade acionária*
Authors: BARRIONUEVO FILHO ARTHUR
Published: March 2024

RESUMO Este artigo discute a política de dividendos e seus efeitos na relação e dependência entre administradores e acionistas. A propósito, partindo da visão do economista clássico sobre a divisão do excedente entre lucros e juros, e da visão de Hilferding dos dividendos como uma forma específica de auferir rendimento do capital-propriedade, analisa alguns estudos de economistas financeiros sobre a importância da política de dividendos. Conclui com uma observação sobre as vantagens proporcionadas pelos acionistas que detêm a maioria do capital.
Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Grading of Brain Tumours
Authors:   Lecturer, Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom, Changmai Manah Chandra ,   Universiti Sains, Malaysia, Reza Mohammed Faruque ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia., Gohain Kastury ,   Lecturer, School of Business, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
Published: March 2024

Background: Most prevalent primary cerebral tumours are meningiomas. The other frequent intracranial tumours are pituitary adenomas, which are benign, and gliomas, which are intra-axial brain tumours. The objective of this study is to understand the importance of DW MRI imaging with standard b-value in differentiating presurgical grading of the brain tumour. Design: A total of 24 DWI patients, including 12 meningiomas, 8 gliomas, and 4 pituitary adenomas, were included in this retrospective analysis. Method: The Stejskal-Tanner equation is used to analyse the ADCmean, ADCmin, and ADCmax values from the healthy and tumour core that are obtained out from area of interest (ROI). Result: The ADCmean value of Gliomas ranges from 0.09 x 10-3 mm2s-1 to 0.99 x 10-3 mm2s-1 with a median value of 0.25 x 10-3 mm2s-1. ADCmean value 1.82 x 10-3 mm2/s (sensitivity: 67%. Specificity: 81.8%) and 0.94 x 10-3 mm2/s (sensitivity: 75%. specificity: 81.3%) can discriminate grade II –IV meningioma from grade II-IV glioma. Conclusion: The ADC and its threshold levels offer crucial details on the grades, consistency, and characterization of tumour, aiding accurate diagnosis and therapy. KEYWORDS: Brain tumour, Imaging, MRI, DWI, ADC, b-value.
Acetone Reclamation: An Affordable and Practical Approach to Recycle Impure Acetone from Plastination
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India., M. Haripriya  , K. Vijayakumar  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, Maharashtra, India., S. Vijayakumar  ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: March 2024

Dehydration of the tissues with acetone is one of the critical phases of the plastination procedure, and much acetone is utilized in this step—the present study aimed at acetone reclamation with essential laboratory equipment cost-effectively. The objective was to use the reclamated acetone and not discard it in the environment. In this experiment, 150 liters of impure (used) acetone was taken for reclamation through a simple distillation method. The Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) of Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Pune, approved the study. Essential laboratory equipment included two heat-resistant glass jars with stoppers, ½ a diameter stainless steel tube, a cooling chamber, a thermostat-controlled hot water bath, an electrode pH meter, and a laboratory thermometer. The cooling chamber condensed the boiling acetone vapours, and pure acetone was collected in the glass jar. The results were calculated using descriptive statistics. With this acetone reclamation setup, 150 liters of impure acetone were recycled, and 128 liters of acetone with a purity of 97% - 99.3% was recovered. The essential equipment for this study pre-existed in our laboratory. The current study also proposes installing a cost-effective acetone reclamation unit at plastination labs to avoid disposing of the impure acetone as toxic waste, thus preventing it from harming the environment. KEYWORDS: Acetone recycling, acetone reclamation, chemical hazards, cost-effective plastination.
Impact of Online Anatomy Laboratory Video Supplementation on Students’ Performance in Gross Anatomy Assessment
Authors:   Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman., Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Al Aswami Husain Ali ,   College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman., Al Lawati Abdullah ,   College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman., Das Srijit ,   Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman., Al Mushaiqri Mohamed ,   Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman., Albalushi Halima ,   Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khodh 123, Oman.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: There are mixed reports on the effectiveness of online gross anatomy videos on medical students’ academic performance. Additionally, there is a paucity of research on the impact of gross practical videos on medical students’ performance. Hence, we aimed to study the impact of practical videos supplementation on students' performance in the gross anatomy examination. Methods: In the present retrospective cross-sectional study, two different cohorts of medical students were exposed to different teaching methods for learning gross anatomy practicals. The two cohorts learned practical gross anatomy face-to-face in the lab, but one cohort was supplemented with online video demonstrations. An Independent T-test was used to evaluate the differences in students’ objective structured practical exam (OSPE) performances of the two cohorts. The gender differences in OSPE performances were also analysed using the one-way ANOVA test. Results: The mean score in the OSPE for the 2021 cohort was 17.35±0.2, while the mean score for 2019 was 16.44 ±0.15. The mean score in the OSPE was significantly higher among the cohort that received hybrid practical teaching than the cohort that only received traditional teaching (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Video supplementation was found to be effective in improving students' performance. In addition to conventional face-to-face teaching, video supplementation for gross anatomy practical sessions may be beneficial for learning gross anatomy. KEYWORDS: Gross anatomy, practical, traditional teaching, performance, learning.
An Unusual Chiari Network: Potential Risk in Cardiac Interventional Procedures
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Dr D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Bajpayee Pallavi , Kanasker Neelesh ,   Professor, Department of Anatomy, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Dr D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pimpri, Pune 411018, Vatsalaswamy P ,   Professor (Anatomy) & Director Academics, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Dr D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018
Published: March 2024

The Chiari network, seen in the right atrium, is a remnant of the right valve of the sinus venosus, resulting due to the incomplete regression of the valve during development. It is found in approximately in 1.5 to 3% individuals. During routine dissection for the first year M.B.B.S. students, we came across a cadaveric heart that exhibited an unusual Chiari network. The network observed was a combination of thread like strands and mesh with fenestrations. It was attached to the right margin of the opening of the coronary sinus. The shape of the coronary sinus opening was oval, with a transverse diameter of 15.2 mm and a maximum width of 6.5 mm. No other anomaly of the right atrium was found. The Chiari network is commonly related with patent foramen ovale and with thromboembolic phenomenon. Though found incidentally, its importance cannot be overlooked as the network is possibly associated with complications during certain intracardiac interventional procedures. The authors have presented this case with a view to add to both, the morphological and pictorial data of the said developmental variation. KEYWORDS: Chiari network, coronary sinus opening, fenestrated, mesh.
Anatomical Considerations for Placing Spinal Cord Stimulators in Patients with Coronary Vascular Disease and Cardiomegaly
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, 08103.New Jersey, USA., Melovitz-Vasan Cheryl , Huff Susan ,   Medical Education Research Collaborator; Rowan University Division of Global Learning and Partnerships, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA., Vasan Nagaswami ,   Professor of Anatomy Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey 08103, USA.
Published: March 2024

Background: The Spinal Column Stimulator (SCS) of the dorsal columns was first used in 1967 as a nonpharmacologic option for treating chronic intractable cancer pain. It works by blocking pain signals before they reach the brain. The device sends electrical pulses to electrodes placed over the spinal cord. These pulses modify the pain signals, which either make them imperceptible or replace them with a tingling sensation. It is important to note that spinal cord stimulation does not eliminate the source of pain, but rather changes how the brain perceives it. The placement of the electrode leads varies depending on the conditions being treated. SCS has become widely used both as an effective and practical option for the management of refractory chronic pain that is unresponsive to conventional treatments. Results: While medical students were dissecting the body of a 91-year-old male donor who died of atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease and cardiomegaly, they encountered an implanted SCS device. Further dissection showed electrodes from the pulse generator reaching midthoracic level; the anodes and cathode leads were in the dorsal epidural space. The fact that the leads were in the midthoracic region and the donor had chronic atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease and cardiomegaly, he was probably treated for pain related to his cardiac conditions (refractory angina pectoris). Conclusions: In the SCS procedure, numerous anatomical structures within the spinal canal, such as the fatty tissue inside the epidural space, membranes of the dural sac, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and spinal cord nerve roots and rootlets, could affect the outcome for the patient. KEYWORDS: Spinal Cord Stimulators; Anatomy of the spinal canal; Treating chronic intractable pain; Neural mechanism of pain perception.
Sanger Sequencing of Exon 14 of RB1 Gene Among North Indian Children with Retinoblastoma
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India., Zahra Honey , Tomar Sushma ,   Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India., Aggarwal Nikhil ,   Department of Anatomy, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India., Verma Nishant ,   Department of Paediatrics, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India., Raza Syed Tasleem ,   Department of Biochemistry, Era University, Lucknow, India., Gupta Sanjiv Kumar ,   Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India., Verma Rakesh Kumar ,   Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India., Manik Punita ,   Department of Anatomy, King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, India.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The RB1 gene has been studied for decades. A large number of genetic analytical studies on this gene are published in the Western world, but very few studies from India are available online. RB1 is the most critical gene involved in the causation of retinoblastoma, and Exon 14 is one of the highly mutated exons of this gene. Aim: To discover the genetic variants in Exon 14 of the RB1 gene in North Indian retinoblastoma patients. Materials and Methods: This was an inter- and intra-institutional cross-sectional observational study. The Department of Anatomy, Ophthalmology, and Paediatrics at King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow, collaborated with the Department of Biochemistry, ERA University, Lucknow. After obtaining written informed consent from their parents or legal guardians, 40 clinically and radiologically diagnosed retinoblastoma patients were included as study participants. The age range was 12-84 months. 2 ml of peripheral venous blood was withdrawn from 29 patients, and we obtained tumour tissue from 14 patients. We isolated the genomic DNA, which was amplified by PCR, and the amplified products were sent for Sanger sequencing. Chromatograms were analyzed using the BioEdit software. Results: Most patients (92.5%) were below five years of age. Male preponderance was seen, as there were 37.5% females and 62.5% males. In the majority of cases (72.5%), the tumor was seen unilaterally with predominant involvement of the right eye; while in 27.5% of cases, both eyes were seen affected. We did not observe any variations in the sequences of exon 14. Conclusions: As the RB1 gene has 27 exons, therefore screening for mutations in all exons is required to reach a concrete conclusion. Genetic variants might be located in the intronic regions, which may affect the proper functioning of the RB1 gene; therefore, sequencing of the entire gene will be more helpful. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is preferred because of the large size of the gene. KEYWORDS: Retinoblastoma, DNA, PCR, RB1 gene, sequencing.
Aware and In Denial: Ali Smith’s Seasonal Quartet as Climate Fiction
Authors: van Amelsvoort Jesse
Published: March 2024

With each of its four books named after a season, Ali Smith’s Seasonal Quartet (2016–20) is structured according to life’s cyclical time patterns. As with all of Smith’s fiction, these novels are characterised by metamorphosis and transition. The Seasonal Quartet, however, also registers a sense of loss, as when one of the characters in Autumn laments the time “[w]hen we still had seasons, not just the monoseason we have now.” In this paper, I take up these and other references strewn through the novels and propose to read these four novels as climate fiction. Rather than representing grand-scale destruction and dislocation, however, the Seasonal Quartet registers the minute disruptions of and changes in our everyday lives due to anthropogenic climate change. The narrative form of Autumn, Winter, Spring, and Summer shows how the conditions of life in the present are affected and altered by climate change, whether it concerns changing weather patterns, migration patterns, and so on. The novels house both characters who are acutely aware of the current crisis, as well as those who remain in denial; as novels, however, they do make visible the effects of humanity having entered the Anthropocene. The Seasonal Quartet, therefore, shows how the radically other of our planet’s ecological and meteorological systems has entered and started to shape human lives. If these novels disclose the loss of the world as we have known it, they also find a more hospitable home in the world of art. In art, there is connection and the potentiality of a new world.
Reading as an Act of Remaking in the Seasonal Quartet
Authors: Wilson Rachel
Published: March 2024

Ali Smith’s Seasonal Quartet is a project about the present, and about how we understand and represent events while they are unfolding. It represents Smith’s interest, as she has described it, in “returning” the novel “to the notion of the new,” telling stories about ongoing current events and emerging social forms (Armitstead 2019). It is also interested in the art of being present, and in the kinds of presence that art asks of its audience. In Artful, her work of creative criticism, Smith writes that art is “a broken thing if it’s anything, and… the art of remaking, or imagining, or imaginative involvement, is what makes the difference” (2014: 25). Smith’s citation practice plays a crucial role in her project’s attempt to understand and represent the present. Citations abound in the Seasonal Quartet: they play a central role in each individual text, connect characters across the series, and offer concrete ties to the world outside each book’s covers. Despite the important role that external pieces of art and media play in her novels, Smith’s references to them are often opaque, and identifying them relies on a combination of cultural knowledge, search engine savvy, and chance. In this essay, I argue that this opacity — especially when read alongside scenes where characters fail to recognize the art they encounter or repurpose it in creative ways — invites readers to search for the art Smith references and experience it themselves. Citation represents not only a material practice for Smith, but also, I argue, a recursive form that structures the passage of time. In attempting to narrate the present as it is happening, using an ‘old’ medium associated with temporal lag rather than immediacy, Smith’s project explores the role of the book in the present, inviting readers to consider how the book might be uniquely positioned to help us understand, represent, and navigate contemporary life.
“The question of dimension at every level”: An Interview with Ali Smith on Companion Piece, Contemporaneity, and Crisis
Authors: Calder Alex John
Published: March 2024

An interview with Ali Smith about her latest novel Companion Piece (2022), its relationship to her Seasonal Quartet (2016 –2020), and responding to contemporary society through fiction. In particular, Smith discusses how Companion Piece came out of Seasonal and writing fiction in relation to its own time and questions of both contemporaneity and history. This conversation also spans both recent and recurrent concerns throughout Smith’s writing, including: language and narrative, art in contemporary society, technology and capitalism, environmental crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic. This interview was held in-person on 24th June 2022 in Trinity College, University of Cambridge. The conversation transcript has been lightly edited and condensed for length.
Liquid Biopsies: Handle With Care
Authors:   Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX 77030, USA, Chatterjee Deyali
Published: March 2024

Possibly the first mention of the term ‘liquid biopsy’ (as it is understood today) in the scientific literature appears in a report about the 7th International Symposium on Minimal Residual Cancer (ISMRC) held in Athens, Greece in 2009.1 The symposium had focused on, among other things, Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) and their relationship to Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). In that symposium, it was reported that Howard Scher of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center described the application of CTCs in the evaluation of therapies directed at castration-resistant prostate cancer, as a ‘liquid biopsy’. With time, the term has slowly gained popularity: as of 24th January, 2016, 237 PubMed articles have the term ‘liquid biopsy’ in the title or the abstract.
Overview of Adult Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors:   Director of the Blood Bank Services, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boral Leonard I. ,   Professor of Pathology/Lab Medicine and Anesthesiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Chandler Hospital, 800 Rose St., Lexington, KY, USA, Monohan Gregory P. ,   Associate Professor, Hematology-Oncology Fellowship Program Director, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA, Moirangthem Valentina ,   Hematologist-Oncologist, Hematology Oncology Associates of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, USA
Published: March 2024

There have been somewhat divergent criteria for making the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, an attempt to standardize the definition of ITP has been made with the publication by the International Work Group (IWG) on ITP in 2009.
Invasive Moderately-Differentiated Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Incidentally Identified in Perforated Acute Diverticulitis With Abscess Formation
Authors:   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA, Soliman Mahmoud L. , Cerda Sandra R. ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA, Xu Huihong ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
Published: March 2024

Colonic adenocarcinoma rarely arises within a diverticulum. As illustrated in this case report, such an occurrence presents difficulties in diagnosis, posed by the overlap of radiological findings in diverticulitis and adenocarcinoma and the potential absence of luminal lesion. Here we present a 77-year-old male with acute left lower abdominal pain, fever and leukocytosis. Computarized tomography (CT) imaging revealed extensive colonic diverticulosis, with sigmoid colon wall thickening, extraluminal air and a pericolic abscess. No enlarged lymph nodes were detected. The clinical diagnosis was acute sigmoid diverticulitis with micro-perforation and abscess formation. Partial sigmoidectomy was performed and diverticulitis confirmed; no tumor was identified in the resected colon. However, fragments of mucinous adenocarcinoma were incidentally recognized in the pericolic abscess contents. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies supported a primary colonic adenocarcinoma, warranting further clinical workup. A subsequent distal sigmoidectomy revealed moderately-differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma invading through the visceral peritoneum, and arising in a low-grade mucinous neoplasm within a diverticulum. The case illustrates that in a patient with diverticulitis and no evidence of a luminal neoplasm, the unexpected finding of adenocarcinoma in the resected bowel may be attributable to adenocarcinoma arising within a diverticulum.
The Prognostic Value of PD-L1 Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Cohort Study and Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA, Schmolze Daniel , Behrendt Carolyn E. ,   Biostatistics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA, Lee Peter P. ,   Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA, Apple Sophia ,   Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA and Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Published: March 2024

Context The prognostic value of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unclear. Objective To investigate PD-L1 expression for association with survival. Design Surgical specimens of primary TNBC were linked to data on recurrence-free survival (RFS). Tissue microarray averaging 3 tumor cores per case underwent immunohistochemical staining. Within each core, PD-L1 positivity was scored separately for tumor, stromal, and immune cells by averaging readings by two board-certified pathologists. Having at least one core with high (above 10%) PD-L1 staining (on tumor cells as primary risk, on stromal and immune cells as secondary risks) was evaluated for association with RFS using proportional hazards regression. Comparable survival analyses were identified by systematic search of MEDLINEindexed journals through March 2019. Results Patients (n=112) contributed 308 cores of TNBC. During follow-up, TNBC recurred in 24 subjects; another 4 subjects died without recurrence. Ten (8.9%) subjects had High PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, a feature associated with better RFS [hazards ratio 0.44 (95% Confidence Interval 0.19-0.97)] independently of age, distant metastasis, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, and Ki-67. In contrast, High PD-L1 in stromal cells or immune cells was not associated with RFS. Among 22 similar studies, high PDL1 on tumor cells was associated with survival in 16 studies: 7 favorably, 8 unfavorably, and 1 with mixed results. Conclusions In this TNBC cohort, High PD-L1 on tumor cells conferred favorable prognosis. The lack of consensus across similar studies suggests that future studies should explore how timing, microenvironment, and glycosylation influence PD-L1’s association with survival.
Autopsy Data to Refine Healthcare Quality: A Fresh Perspective
Authors:   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and Royal University Hospital, Saskatchewan, Canada, Kalra Jawahar (Jay) , Rafid-Hamed Zoher ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and Royal University Hospital, Saskatchewan, Canada, Seitzinger Patrick ,   Northern Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
Published: March 2024

The medical autopsy is an established quality assurance tool that has laid the foundation for modern quality assurance and improvement strategies.
The Efficacy of Open Mastoidectomy Versus Mastoidectomy with Temporalis Fascia Flap Obliteration
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital (SGTH), Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Hadi Shamsul , Shahzadi Hafiza M. ,   Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Hanan Fazal ,   Department of Pathology, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital (SGTH), Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Bibi Sania ,   Department of Pathology, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital (SGTH), Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Shah Mohammad A. ,   Department of Health, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Rauf Fouzia ,   Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Published: March 2024

Objective To compare the efficacy of open mastoidectomy versus mastoidectomy with temporalis fascia flap obliteration in achieving postoperative dry ear chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a perforated tympanic membrane with persistent drainage of pus from the middle ear lasting more than 2-weeks. The global burden of illness from CSOM is estimated to involve about 65 to 330 million individuals with draining ears, 60% of them suffer from significant hearing impairment. Ninety (90) percent of burden is borne by developing countries, in Southeast Asia, the Western region of Africa. CSOM can occur with or without cholesteatoma, and the clinical history of both conditions can be very similar. The treatment plan for cholesteatoma always includes tympanomastoid surgery with medical treatment as an adjunct. The treatment plan for cholesteatoma always includes tympanomastoid surgery. After mastoidectomy the otologists facing mastoid cavity related problems such as otorrhoea, hearing loss. A variety of techniques have been proposed to perform obliteration. Methods Study design Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting Department of ear, nose, and throat (ENT), Head & Neck Surgery, Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Duration of study From Jan, 2019 to 17 July, 2021. Sample size Randomly assigned patients with evidence of atticoantral disease to two groups, 47 in each group. After canal wall down mastoidectomy in Group A cavity left without obliteration, in Group B a superior based vascularized temporalis facial flap was used to obliterate the resultant mastoid cavity and they were followed up to 8-weeks. Results As per efficacy of both groups is concerned, in Group A, 34 (36.17%) patients had achieved post-operative dryness on 8th week of mastoidectomy whereas in Group B, 40 (42.55%) patients achieved post-operative dryness of ear on 8th week subject to mastoidectomy with temporalis fascia flap obliteration. (p value=0.130). Conclusion Patients who underwent mastoidectomy with temporalis fascia flap obliteration yielded better results in comparison to patients who underwent open mastoidectomy. Further the common organism were found in our region Staph Aureus and Bacteriodes and Proteus mirabilis.
ORHAN PAMUK’UN “MASUMİYET MÜZESİ” ROMANIN GÜRCÜCE ÇEVİRİSİNDEKİ AHLAKİ DEĞERLERİ YANSITAN SÖZCÜKSEL ÖĞELER
Authors: ŞENEL UZUNKAYA İlkiz
Published: March 2024

Orhan Pamuk’un Masumiyet Müzesi adlı romanı 2008’de İletişim Yayınları tarafından Türkçe olarak yayımlanır. Kemal ile Füsun arasındaki aşk üzerinden şekillenen roman, Türk romanında işlenen sosyal statüleri arasında kalarak aşk yaşamaya çalışan çiftlerin merkeze alınmasının bir örneğidir.

41 yıllık roman serüvenini pek çok ödülle taçlandıran Orhan Pamuk, dünyaca tanınan bir yazardır. Türk edebiyatının ilk Nobel ödüllü yazarı olan Pamuk’un eserleri Gürcüce dahil olmak üzere pek çok dile çevrilmiştir. Eserlerinin çeşitli dillere çevrilmesinden dolayı yazar, farklı dillerde okuyucu bularak kendi kültürünün farklı kültürlerle buluşturur. O kültürdeki edinimini ise çeviri sayesinde gerçekleştirir. Orhan Pamuk’un eserleri ile çeviri sayesinde buluşan Gürcü okur, yazarın güncel eserlerini takip eder. Kültürlerarası iletişimi sağlayan çeviri, Gürcü toplumunun yazarı beğenerek okuması ve eserlerini severek takip etmesine olanak tanır.

Çalışmada, Masumiyet Müzesi’nin Gürcüce çevirisindeki “ahlaki değerleri ifade eden sözcüksel ögeler” konusunu incelenecektir. Orhan Pamuk’un Masumiyet Müzesi adlı romanını Gürcü diline çeviren Eǩaṭerine Aḫvlediani (ეკატერინე ახვლედიანი)’dir. Çalışmaya konu olan romanda geçen ahlaki değerleri ifade eden sözcüksel ögeler kaynak metinde (Masumiyet Müzesi) geçen cümleler ile erek metinde (უმანკოების მუზეუმი/ umanǩoebis muzeumi) geçen cümlelerle birlikte tablolar halinde verilecektir. Eserde geçen ahlaki değerleri ifade eden sözcüksel ögeler olumlu ve olumsuz olmak üzere iki başlık altında incelenecektir. Gürcüce-Türkçe (Ǩvanṭaliani, 2010) ve Gürcüce-Türkçe (Arısoy, 2010) sözlüklerinden faydalanılarak, tespit edilen kelimeler ise kelime anlamları ile verilmiştir.
O DISCURSO DA TV E DO STREAMING SOBRE TRANSGENERIDADE A PARTIR DE LAERTE
Authors: Moreira Diego Gouveia
Published: March 2024

O reconhecimento da cartunista Laerte como mulher transgênera mobilizou a atenção da TV e do Streaming. Este artigo problematiza como se constitui o discurso midiático sobre transgeneridade a partir de Laerte no Profissão Repórter e no Conversa com Bial, da Rede Globo, no documentário Laerte-se, da Netflix, e no programa Transando com Laerte, do Canal Brasil. Para isso, será realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o papel da linguagem audiovisual na educação da sociedade, bem como leituras sobre gênero e sexualidade. Além disso, os objetos foram acompanhados com registros em diários de observação, com transcrição de momentos em que a questão de gênero foi discutida. Por fim, percebe-se uma tematização, nos programas da Rede Globo e no documentário da Netflix, sob o ponto de vista da exotificação, enquanto Transando com Laerte prioriza uma valorização das humanidades.
SER E TORNAR-SE PROFESSOR/A NAS TRAVESSIAS DE ILHA GRANDE-PIAUÍ (1960-1996)
Authors: Costa dos Santos José Marcelo , Borges Ferro Maria Do Amparo
Published: March 2024

O presente estudo tem como objeto de análise a memória de formação dos professores ribeirinhos de Ilha Grande-PI, no Delta do Rio Parnaíba, no período de 1960 a 1996. O objetivo foi interpretar a memória de formação dos professores ribeirinhos de Ilha Grande-PI como experiência social reveladora de aspectos de uma prática pedagógica docente significativa e transformadora. A presente tese se desenvolveu mediante uma pesquisa histórica, de abordagem qualitativa, no campo da História da Educação, com enfoque no Piauí, contemplando o ramo dos Estudos Culturais, mediante a metodologia de História Oral, tendo como colaboradores onze professores aposentados. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram os relatos produzidos pelos participantes, colhidos mediante o desenvolvimento da técnica de produção de relatos de história oral de vida e a análise de documentos e fontes iconográficas. A base teórica contemplou, dentre outros: Barros (2017), Certeau (2000), Halbwachs (2006), Meihy (2005), Franco (2016; 2015) e Pimenta (2005). A pesquisa apontou que a prática desenvolvida por esses docentes influenciou na mudança de aspectos de suas vidas, tornando-se significativa e transformadora, no que diz respeito à experiência social, crescimento profissional e melhoria da qualidade de vida nos povoados do Delta do Rio Parnaíba, nas extensões de Ilha Grande-PI.
REDES DIGITAIS, MODA E DISCURSO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE: PISTAS DA ESTRATÉGICA DE RELACIONAMENTO DA MARCA FARM NO INSTAGRAM
Authors: Pereira da Silva Marcelo , Saraiva de Oliveira Jerônimo Luciana , Bezerra da Silva Débora
Published: March 2024

Problematizamos a relação entre o uso da rede digital Instagram, a moda e o discurso de sustentabilidade da marca FARM, considerando que as demandas ligadas à sustentabilidade constituem um desafio para países, sociedades e organizações, em um contexto no qual as marcas se defrontam com um consumidor cético, infiel e conectado. Por meio de um levantamento exploratório, encontramos pistas da estratégia da marca FARM para associar-se a temas que considera sustentáveis, atraindo a atenção dos públicos virtuais. Inferimos que as organizações carecem abordar a sustentabilidade de forma mais verdadeira, se envolvendo, com base num propósito institucional, ipso facto, em atividades, programas, planos e projetos relevantes para as sociedades e comunidades.
O ÉTHOS E O PÁTHOS NAS ELEIÇÕES MUNICIPAIS DE IVINHEMA-MS
Authors: Faccina Giovana Coradini , Miqueletti Eliane Aparecida
Published: March 2024

O éthos e o pathós são construções discursivas relacionadas à imagem do enunciador e à adesão do enunciatário ao discurso. Neste trabalho, objetiva-se analisar a construção do éthos dos dois principais candidatos para o cargo de prefeito da cidade de Ivinhema-MS, durante a campanha eleitoral de 2020 e, consequentemente, o páthos de seus eleitores. O corpus é constituído por banners digitais e jingle que foram utilizados como materiais de campanha. Para a fundamentação teórica buscou-se, principalmente, as considerações da semiótica discursiva, teoria que se interessa pelo estudo da construção da significação nos textos. O estudo mostra como escolhas no nível discursivo do plano do conteúdo e em categorias do plano da expressão auxiliam no entendimento da arquitetura dos dois princípios que estão na base da argumentação do discurso político – o éthos e o pathós.
QUESTIONÁRIO MORFOSSINTÁTICO – QMS: ANÁLISE DAS VARIAÇÕES NA FALA DOS VENDEDORES NO COMPLEXO DO VER-O- PESO
Authors: Machado Aline Silveira
Published: March 2024

De acordo com os pressupostos indicados pela sociolinguística variacionista de Labov (2008), é importante destacar que a língua muda bem mais rapidamente através da fala, nesse sentido, pode-se ocorrer determinadas predileções dos falantes pelo uso dos verbos e advérbios em distintos contextos, tanto na escrita como na oralidade. Nesse sentido foi coletado uma amostra com 4 trabalhadores do complexo do Ver-o-Peso, em Belém do Pará. Foi utilizado o Questionário Morfossintático – QMS, proposto pela ALiB (2001), com as perguntas dos verbos e advérbios. Foram sistematizados os seguintes fatores: gênero do falante, escolarização, papel do falante, sentido do verbo, indeterminação do sujeito do verbo, locução verbal, tipo de sequência e tempo verbal. Este trabalho aplicou o método Geolinguístico, utilizando os conceitos gramaticais e relacionando-os com o falar dos sujeitos escolhidos para a pesquisa.
Peregrinas modernas
Authors: Lopez Lema Silvina
Published: March 2024

Desde la peregrinación a Santiago de Compostela de Jimena de Asturias junto a su esposo Alfonso III el Magno hasta la actualidad, las diferentes Rutas Xacobeas han contado con la presencia de mujeres. En los últimos años el número de mujeres ha superado al de varones entre las personas que recorren el Camino Inglés, indicando el alto grado de popularidad que la peregrinación ha alcanzado en la actualidad entre el género femenino. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en determinar las principales motivaciones de las mujeres que realizan el Camino Inglés solas mediante el análisis de los factores push y pull de la experiencia durante la peregrinación. La investigación se ha basado en 699 encuestas efectuadas a personas que se encontraban realizando el Camino Inglés durante el año Xacobeo 2022. De la mencionada muestra se ha efectuado un análisis en profundidad respecto a las mujeres que realizaron el Camino solas, comparando en ciertos casos con las mujeres que viajan acompañadas o con el total de la muestra, para hallar similitudes y contrastes. Se ha continuado con un análisis exploratorio del gasto que estas mujeres tienen y, por último, se ha buscado conocer el nivel de satisfacción de dichas mujeres respecto a factores clave como son la hospitalidad y la seguridad.
Percepciones de los gerentes de hostelería de Macao sobre la sostenibilidad y la RSC
Authors: Calado Joao
Published: March 2024

Este estudio examina las percepciones de los profesionales de la hostelería con experiencia en Macao con respecto a la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) y las iniciativas de sostenibilidad dentro de la industria hotelera. Su objetivo es proporcionar información valiosa para futuras investigaciones y prácticas en el campo y explora si las percepciones de la RSC por parte de los profesionales de la hostelería tienen un enfoque predominante en alguna de las tres dimensiones de la sostenibilidad (ambiental, social y económica). Los datos se recolectaron a través de un cuestionario tipo escala Likert y utilizando un muestreo de conveniencia no probabilístico, seguido del método de bola de nieve. Se realizó un análisis de componentes principales para identificar las dimensiones de la triple bottom line relacionadas con la percepción de las iniciativas de RSC. También se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada con un experto en sostenibilidad en la industria hotelera de Macao para complementar la información obtenida de las encuestas. Los resultados sugieren que las tres dimensiones del triple bottom line (económica, ambiental y social) se percibieron como igualmente importantes sin diferencias significativas, y las iniciativas de RSC mejoran la identificación organizacional entre los gerentes de hoteles en Macao. Estos hallazgos pueden interpretarse como un indicador de que los gerentes de hoteles poseen una comprensión holística de los temas de RSC y sostenibilidad. Las limitaciones del estudio incluyen un tamaño de muestra pequeño y un enfoque en los profesionales de la hostelería en Macao, lo que podría limitar la generalización de los hallazgos. En general, el estudio subraya la importancia de las iniciativas de RSC y sostenibilidad en la industria hotelera, fomentando una integración más profunda de la triple bottom line en la gestión organizacional de hoteles y casinos en Macao.