bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographical and environmental factors in pharmaceuticals and personal care products removal from drinking water plants
Authors: Dutta Sayoni , Leff Laura G. , Gangoda Mahinda , Zhao Megan , Mou Xiaozhen
Published: October 2024

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are unintentionally released into the environment from treated and untreated wastewater, agricultural runoff, and stormwater, and enter drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). However, very little is known about the occurrence of PPCPs and their removal effectiveness during the drinking water treatment processes (conventional or advanced treatment) in multiple DWTPs, especially within the same geographical area. To address this important knowledge gap, source and finished drinking water samples were collected monthly from May to September in 2018 and 2019 from four DWTPs in Northern Ohio, USA. The total and individual PPCP concentrations varied among DWTPs and sampling dates in both source and finished water. Despite the site and time differences, caffeine and 17-beta-estradiol were detected at a frequency of 100% in all four DWTPs on all dates, while acetaminophen, estrone and nicotine consistently were not detected. Significant correlations were identified between the source water PPCPs and some environmental variables, such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), temperature and pH. The PPCP removal efficiency from finished water samples varied depending on DWTP (61.2–84.2%), sampling month (28.3–89.7%), and different PPCP compounds (31.2% and 99.3%). Overall, this study demonstrated that PPCPs were consistently present in low concentrations (ng/L) in the freshwater systems; conventional treatment methods could only partially mitigate PPCP contaminants, while advanced techniques, such as UV-peroxide treatment, provided better removal efficiencies. PPCP removal also depended on the season, with summer demonstrating the highest removal in all four treatment plants.
Ratas y ratones en la narrativa breve española de los siglos XVIII y XIX
Authors: Rodríguez García Miguel
Published: October 2024

Ratas y ratones han excitado la fantasía y la curiosidad humanas a lo largo de la historia, protagonizando multitud de relatos y creencias fantasiosas. En lo relativo a sus manifestaciones literarias, un venero pródigo lo constituyen las fábulas españolas de los siglos XVIII y XIX, y otros cuentos y textos fictivos breves publicados en la prensa de la época, un cauce de importancia crucial para la transmisión literaria y fabulística. Aunque no se puede pasar por alto la intencionalidad didáctica y satírica de estas composiciones, este trabajo ahonda en otros significados alineados con los objetivos de los estudios de animales, una corriente académica interdisciplinar vinculada por su interés por la naturaleza con la ecocrítica: la relación de estas narraciones con los hábitos etológicos de los ratones y su interacción y convivencia históricas con el ser humano. Al mismo tiempo, presentamos un panorama de la difusión de las fábulas grecolatinas, orales y orientales más influyentes en estas centurias para la construcción de la imagen cultural de estos roedores: su percepción como criaturas glotonas, devoradoras de quesos y otros víveres; su enemistad inveterada con los gatos; su participación en consejos bélicos y políticos; su auxilio de animales de mayor tamaño gracias a su poderosa dentición y, por último, el enamoramiento de los roedores en la ficción narrativa. La pervivencia de estos relatos y saberes antiguos sobre otras especies no humanas demuestra la riqueza de un género que resulta un eslabón indispensable para la creación de una historia literaria y cultural de los animales, el propósito último al que se consagra esta aportación.
Análisis ecocrítico de En el fondo del valle ha muerto Jorge Riechmann: una voz transfronteriza entre poesía y ensayo
Authors: Compán Santiago Thalía
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo tiene el propósito de analizar la última obra poética de Jorge Riechmann, En el fondo del valle ha muerto Jorge Riechmann (2022), con el objetivo de demostrar cómo influye el diálogo existente entre su obra ensayística y su obra poética en la estructura del poemario, en las imágenes de los poemas y en el “yo poético”. Se parte de la hipótesis de que la voz poética de Riechmann, situada entre la poesía y el ensayo, está repleta de imágenes, palabras y nociones que remiten a una crisis ecosocial. En este sentido, se toma prestada la noción de “poemas transfronterizos” de Óscar Carpintero. Para el estudio y la lectura del poemario se parte de la perspectiva de análisis de la ecocrítica, y de uno de los enfoques metodológicos posibles dentro de la misma: la “orientación dialógica” de Mijaíl Bajtín. Este permite transferir al análisis textual la principal línea de pensamiento del poeta, esto es, el “ecosocialismo descalzo”, así como la “concepción sistémica del texto” del semiólogo Iuri Lotman. Con ello, se demostrará que el poemario pone en marcha una estética que dialoga con su obra ensayística, entonando así un canto de celebración de la vida ante el horror del ecocidio a través de la estructura, las imágenes y la voz poética.
Network analysis of subjective happiness, hope and resilience in the Paraguayan general population during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Torales Julio , Baños-Chaparro Jonatan , O’Higgins Marcelo , Ventriglio Antonio , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Barrios Iván , Hualparuca-Olivera Luis , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Vilca Lindsey W.
Published: October 2024

Introduction/objective: In this cross-sectional study, the connections between indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were investigated in 591 adult Paraguayans (average age 37.7 years; SD = 11.35) during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period, using network analysis for the first time. Method: The indicators of subjective happiness, hope, and resilience were assessed using the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Adult Hope Scale, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, respectively. Result: The results indicated that “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “Coping with stress” were the most central indicators of the resilience, hope, and subjective happiness network. While stronger conditional relationships were observed between indicators of the same network variable, potential bridge indicators were also noted that could link resilience, hope, and subjective happiness, such as “I am a strong person,” “Enjoy life in spite of it all,” “Pursuing goals,” and “I have been successful in life.” Conclusions: The results suggest that timely and multilevel interventions targeted at central and bridge indicators can help promote positive emotions that impact mental health.
Influence of the color of semi-funnel traps on Xylophagous coleoptera capture efficiency in forest fragments
Authors: Trevisan Henrique , Sampaio de Souza Thiago , Da Silva Amancio Juliene Maria
Published: October 2024

Bark and ambrosia beetles, mainly the ones belonging to groups Scolytinae, Bostrichidae and Platypodinae, can kill trees from reforestation areas or native forests and damage the wood. Population monitoring and the identification of quarantine species are carried out by assembling ethanol-baited traps. The aims of the current study are to evaluate the influence of the color of ethanol-baited traps on the efficient capture of these insects, as well as to measure changes in colorimetric variables based on trap exposure in the field and to investigate whether these changes affect capture efficiency. Eight ethanolic traps (red, yellow, black and transparent traps - two of each color) were installed in a forest fragment in the first experimental stage – samples were collected on a weekly basis, for 11 months. New and used transparent traps were installed in the field in the second experimental stage - samples were collected for additional 11 months. A portable spectrophotometer was used to measure the colorimetric variables in these traps. The mean number of Scolytinae individuals (± SD) captured in transparent traps (48±50) was significantly higher than that of individuals captured in black (24±25), yellow (23±21) and red (22±21) traps. However, transparent traps subjected to field conditions were colonized by such as fungi, bacteria and mosses, which changed the transparent state of the traps into a darkened color and significantly affected their capture efficiency. The total number of 6,268 Scolytinae individuals were collected at this experimental stage: 4,977 of them were captured in new traps, whereas 1,291 were captured in the old ones.  Based on the herein measured colorimetric variables, such color change got significantly intensified as transparent traps remained under field conditions. In conclusion, transparent traps were more efficient in capturing Scolytinae individuals than the black, yellow and red traps. In addition, the exposure to field conditions has progressively changed equipment color and decreased its capture efficiency.
A C4 Software for Anti Drone System
Authors: Delleji Tijeni , Slimeni Feten , Lefi Mohsen
Published: October 2024

Mini unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as small drones, have seen outstanding advancements in recent years and have been used in a variety of fields. However, their potential misuse for illegal activities and the risks they pose to safety and privacy have raised concerns. To address these issues, we propose a Command, Control, Communications, and Computers (C4) software able to manage and control anti-drone systems. Our software solution includes an easy-to-use dashboard that processes and displays video data from surveillance sensors. It incorporates AI-powered functionalities, including object detection, target tracking, and classification of small drones. At the inference stage, the network models for drone detection and classification functionalities have achieved an accuracy exceeding 96 %. We have evaluated the effectiveness of our solution by deploying it in a no-fly zone, where it successfully identified and tracked drones in near real-time. The proposed control system provides unified information with which the entire anti-drone process can be managed starting from the detection of each threat.
An Efficient Visual Tracking System Based on Extreme Learning Machine in the Defence and Military Sector
Authors: Rathore Neeraj Kumar , Pande Shubhangi , Purohit Anuradha
Published: October 2024

Visual tracking is the capacity to estimate or forecast a target object’s location in each frame of a video after specifying its starting position. Visual tracking is of essential relevance in defence and military operations. The military can use it to improve situational awareness, improve precise targeting, acquire intelligence in real-time, and efficiently respond to a variety of threats and circumstances. In the past, object tracking systems have relied mostly on algorithms based on deep learning techniques and these tracking algorithms are lacking in both accuracy and speed. In this research, an Extreme Learning Machine-based visual tracking system has been proposed that incorporates properties like high accuracy, low training time, and less network computing complexity as compared to existing deep learning-based tracking algorithms. The Haar wavelet transform is utilized in the recommended technique for feature learning, while the extreme learning machine is utilised for classification and recognition. A benchmark dataset object tracking benchmark-2013 has been used to carry out the experiments. The experiment values indicated that the proposed technique has accomplished enhanced performance over another tracking model. Additionally, we tested the proposed method’s accuracy and robustness regarding certain visual characteristics: Illumination variation, occlusion, deformation, out-of-plane rotation, background clutters, and in-plane rotation. The findings of the simulation revealed that the objects in videos have been 84% accurately tracked by the suggested method.
Study of Aging Characteristics for Metalized HTPB Based Composite Solid Propellants Stored in Ambient Conditions
Authors: Jain Prakhar , Rathi Vineet Kumar , Biswas Shelly
Published: October 2024

The aging of any propellant is defined as the change in the physical, chemical, and performance parameters of solid rocket propellants. The propellant’s service life and aging properties are important parameters of the study, especially for missiles and other defense applications. Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based composite solid propellants with ammonium perchlorate (AP) are the most prominently used propellants in the operations of solid rocket motors in the defense and space sectors. Thus, studying this composite solid propellant is of essential when determining ambient service life. Performance parameters studied in this research are burn rate under high-pressure conditions in Crawford bomb setup, Thermogravimetric Analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the aged sample were also conducted to ascertain the chemical composition and morphological changes in the samples. Naturally aged propellant strands manufactured in different years have been compared with freshly prepared ones to establish a trend for deriving conclusions. The results from different analysis techniques, FTIR, XRD, and FESEM, depicted that oxidation of metals happens while aging of propellant due to atmospheric moisture, and the metal oxides prominently affect the propellant chemical composition and decomposition process of the propellant samples. The ballistic properties of the aluminium added samples showed an increment in burn rate. In contrast, the bimetal addition of aluminium and magnesium combined as an additive decreased the ballistic burn rate.
Mitigating GHG Emissions from Military Supply Chain by Use of Aerial Cable Way
Authors: Bhave Prashant P. , Dhawad Chetan , Jain Vibha
Published: October 2024

The transportation sector being one of the significant contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, there is growing concerns about environmental sustainability, and reducing GHG emissions which has prompted re-evaluation of transportation systems. The 1.5 million strong Indian defence forces have huge transport fleet and this study delves into the potential of Aerial Cableway (ACW) as a promising alternative mode of transport that can significantly reduce emissions of military supply chain in mountainous terrain. The study takes a case of Himalayan terrain to investigate how ACWs offer a low-impact, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly solution compared to conventional ground-based transportation. It takes a case of Pharkian Pass in North Kashmir where defence forces has presence and this pass is often exposed to frequent landslides, snowfall and avalanches. Every year, on an average, approximately 12,000 trucks cross Pharkian pass in a year for purpose of logistics and sustenance. Without touching sensitive issues and by using a multi-criteria-based cost-benefit analysis, the study establishes that even if 75 % of road transport trips are shifted to ACWs, the reduction of GHG emissions is by 57.7 % in addition to significant benefits of the social cost of carbon, environmental costs, economic savings and ensuring strategic advantage like all-weather connectivity.
La necesidad de la contingencia sobre la realidad efectiva en la ciencia de la lógica de Hegel
Authors: Forero Fernando
Published: October 2024

Para Hegel, el rendimiento supremo del pensamiento consiste en hallar un terreno en el cual se pongan en evidencia las dimensiones primarias de la realidad. Por esta vía consigue desarrollar uno de sus planteamientos más interesantes en la Ciencia de la lógica, a saber, el concepto de realidad efectiva. Este artículo elabora esa visión de la realidad comentando cuidadosamente lo que Hegel desarrolla allí. Al final muestra que la realidad absoluta es a la vez diferenciación en multiplicidades existentes e inversión de esa contingencia en absoluta necesidad, es decir, se pone como contingente para recuperarse a sí misma en la necesidad.
Mine and Mine Alone. The Particularity of the Aristotelian Substance and its Relation to the Soul
Authors: Leiva Rodríguez Matias
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we seek to develop an analysis of the Aristotelian theory of substance, specifically of the discussion about its particularity or universality. We will first review the statement of the problem as it appears in Categories. We will then take the discussion to Metaphysics, specifically book Z, where a further developed and elaborated view of the ideas presented by the philosopher can be found compared to the Organon. From there we will review the universalist and particularist views to evaluate them on their merit and try to determine which of the two turns out to be more adequate for Aristotelian ontology. Finally, we will review some possible solutions to the problem of cognizability presented by the particularist view and attempt to clarify these problems in light of the application it has when the conflict is transposed to the problem of the soul in De Anima.
Experimentos, encuestas y filosofía
Authors: Pérez Otero Manuel
Published: October 2024

Algunos autores estamos interesados por cierto ámbito o enfoque de la actividad filosófica usualmente denominado “filosofía experimental”. El objetivo fundamental de este artículo es analizar los rasgos principales que caracterizan a dicha especialidad, conforme al sentido en que comenzó a utilizarse esa etiqueta. Entre otras consideraciones, se constatará que la denominación “filosofía experimental” es parcialmente acertada, pero también parcialmente equívoca debido a dos razones. Una razón queda de manifiesto en discusiones contemporáneas que localizan antecedentes de ese enfoque en conexiones entre la filosofía y las ciencias empíricas a través de los siglos. La segunda razón tiene mayor importancia; para identificarla será conveniente evaluar las funciones de la experimentación, tanto en las ciencias empíricas como en la filosofía. De especial relevancia será reflexionar sobre cierto tipo de experimentos: los experimentos mentales.
Application of Gum Arabic on the Geotechnical Properties of Subgrade Materials
Authors: Ajagbe Wasiu O. , Akolade Adebola S. , Ogunlade Oluwatosin D. , Olaomotito Precious A. , Odunewu Itunu D. , Alabi Oluwaseyi O.
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of Gum Arabic on the geotechnical properties of subgrade soil materials, a non-traditional soil stabilization technique. Given the need for sustainable and locally available alternatives in road construction, the study aims to assess how different percentages of Gum Arabic affect the physical and mechanical behavior of soil. The research aims to provide sustainable and locally available alternatives in road construction. Three soil samples were treated with varying percentages of Gum Arabic, (1.5%, 3%, 6% and 12%), and standard geotechnical tests were conducted under both soaked and unsoaked conditions. The results showed that the average natural moisture content of the soils was 7.9%, 2.2%, and 4.6%. The addition of Gum Arabic increased the peak maximum dry density of the soil samples by 8.02%, 1.88, and 7.88%. The maximum unsoaked California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values of soil samples were 32.1%, 81.7%, and 48.7%, respectively. Whereas, maximum soaked CBR values of soils S1, S2 and S3 obtained at 1.5%, 6% and 1.5% additions of gum Arabic were 8.4%, 28.7% and 16.9% respectively. The study recommends using 3% Gum Arabic to improve the CBR property of soil samples. The application of Gum Arabic showed significant improvements in soil behavior under both soaked and unsoaked conditions.
Effect of Ultrasonic Combined with Solvent on Gutta-Percha and Bioceramic Sealer Removal in Middle and Apical Third of the Root Canal: An ex vivo study
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, Fibryanto Eko , Widyastuti Wiena ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, Hidayat Adi ,   Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, Hastuty Lisiana ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasonic tip with and without solvent in removing gutta-perca and bioceramic sealer from the middle and apical third of the root canals. Methods: This is a true experimental study with randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Eighteen freshly extracted straight single-rooted mandibular first premolars were confirmed by CBCT and selected. The teeth were decoronated until a length of 16 ± 0.5mm. The teeth were prepared and obturated using gutta-percha and bioceramic sealer with a hydraulic condensation technique. Pre-instrumentation CBCT imaging of all teeth was carried out to obtain the initial volume of the obturation material. After incubating for 30 days, the treated teeth were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): ultrasonic and xylene, ultrasonic and orange oil, and ultrasonic only. Post-instrumentation CBCT was carried out and the amount of obturation material removed was calculated using CT Analyser. The two-way ANOVA was used to determine the solvent and location interaction. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference among the groups based on the treatment and location (p > 0.05). In addition, no significant interaction was found in relation to the cleanliness of the root canal (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in the effectiveness of ultrasonic obturation material cleaning with and without endodontic solvents. Based on the results, the obturation material with the most residue is a sealer.
Comparison of the Factors Affecting Smile Esthetics with the Patient and Physician Perceptions Using the Smile Esthetic Index
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Özkan Şen Dilek , Taştan Eroğlu Zeynep ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Babayiğit Osman ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Uçan Yarkaç Fatma ,   Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the smile esthetics of individuals and the factors affecting it using the smile esthetic index (SEI) and compare them with the patient’s perception of smile. Methods: Seventy-six patients consisting of 44 females and 32 males who presented to for routine periodontal treatments were included in study. The smile esthetics were evaluated by three researchers on the photographs taken from the patients. The visual analog scala was used for the subjective evaluation of smile esthetics. Results: According to the results obtained from the study, the average of the SEI total scores was 6.38; the mean subjective evaluation of smile aesthetics was 6.33. There was no statistically significant difference depending on gender and age in the subjective and objective evaluations of the patients’ smile aesthetics. A statistically significant correlation was found between the physician’s scoring for objective smile aesthetics and the age of the patients. Conclusion: The SEI is an index that can be applied in the clinic and is used to evaluate the smile esthetics revealing objective values. Different esthetical outcomes may occur with objective and subjective evaluation.The use of these indices for diagnosis and treatment planning will allow for developing appropriate treatments.
Reliability of Three-Dimensional Micro-Computed Tomography Root Canal Analysis Using Drishti Software: A Pilot Study
Authors:   Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Selangor, Malaysia, Nurulaqmar Iwani Samsudin , Kamaruzaman Marlena ,   Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Selangor, Malaysia, Azizi Jawami Afiq ,   Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Selangor, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

In recent years, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has become a promising tool for non-destructive imaging and the study of root canal morphology in endodontics. However, the reliability of such analyses heavily relies on the accuracy and consistency of the software used for image processing. Objective: This study aims to investigate the reliability of two different micro-CT voxel sizes using open-source three-dimensional (3D) software (Drishti v3.0) used to identify and quantify the Apical Foramen (AF) and Apical Constriction (AC) in mandibular premolars. Methods: Eight mandibular premolars were divided into two groups, with four samples in each group. Samples were scanned using a ZEISS X-Radia 520 Micro-CT system with two different voxel sizes of 23 µm (Group A) and 17 µm (Group B), respectively. The micro-CT data were reconstructed and transferred to Drishti Software, and individual image rendering was performed to visualize the images for data analysis. The position and measurement of AF and AC to the anatomical apex were measured individually and independently by single operators. Results: The reliability of the measurements assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) between two voxel sizes was excellent and on par with previous research. This pilot study suggested that results for voxel sizes of 23 µm and 17 µm were comparable. Both voxel size 3D images demonstrated excellent and high-quality visualization of the root canal configuration, lateral and accessory canals, apical deltas, major AF, and AC. Conclusion: It is feasible and reliable to visualize and analyze 3D micro-CT images using open-source software (Drishti v3.0). Both voxel sizes of 23 µm and 17 µm are recommended for use in root canal study.
Translanguaging Practices in Tertiary Context EFL Classrooms in Indonesia
Authors: Setya Ningrum Anggie Cahya , Sahiruddin Sahiruddin
Published: October 2024

The phenomenon of code-switching, or translanguaging, has evolved within the field of linguistics, particularly in the context of bilingualism. Researchers have explored the use of the first language (L1) in second language (L2) classrooms from various perspective. This study explores students’ attitudes toward using L1 in EFL classrooms and its relationship with translanguaging characteristics, frequency, and factors including proficiency levels and gender. Based on Poplack’s (1980) theory, the study examines how highly language proficient bilinguals engage in translanguaging. This study involves 49 participants from an Indonesian EFL program using a survey-based research design. Data collection methods encompass Likert Scale surveys and open-ended questionnaires. The result reveals that students had positive attitudes toward translanguaging, considering it a natural practice for bilinguals that should be allowed in L2 classrooms. However, the study found that the students showing neutral perceptions that the practice of translanguaging did indicate the students’ lack of linguistics proficiency and gender. This led to the meaning that the statements were true without being influenced with the participants' subjectivity. This study also proves the hypothesis which stated that bilinguals who are highly proficient in both languages (L1 and L2) are generally better at translanguaging.Keywords: EFL classroom; translanguaging; correlation; L1; L2.
Aging Yet Independent Women in Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford and Charles Dicken’s David Copperfield
Authors: Nurulhady Eta Farmacelia
Published: October 2024

In the Victorian England whose ideal woman was the Angel in the House, a devoted and submissive wife and mother, it would generally be unfortunate for women to be still unmarried past their reproductive years. Using feminist lens, this study compares the Jenkyns sisters (Deborah and Matty) of Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford (1853) and Betsy Trotwood of Charles Dicken’s David Copperfield (1850). While aging and single, they are financially independent. Husbandless and childless, the Jenkyns sisters and Betsey could easily fall into the category of redundant women, but they skillfully manage the house and class relations the way the Angels in the House do.
On the L
1-relaxed area of graphs of BV piecewise constant maps taking three values
Authors: Scala Riccardo , Scianna Giuseppe
Published: October 2024

Given a bounded open connected set

Ω
⊂

ℝ
2

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{2}}

with Lipschitz boundary, we consider the class of piecewise constant maps u taking three fixed values

α
,
β
,
γ

∈

ℝ
2

{\alpha,\beta,\gamma\in\mathbb{R}^{2}}

, vertices of an equilateral triangle; for any u in this class, using a weak notion of Jacobian determinant valid for BV functions, we give a precise description of

Det
⁡

(

∇
⁡
u

)

{\operatorname{Det}(\nabla\kern 0.569055ptu)}

and show that the relaxed graph area of u is bounded from above by a quantity related to the flat norm of

Det
⁡

(

∇
⁡
u

)

{\operatorname{Det}(\nabla\kern 0.569055ptu)}

. The provided upper bound allows to show the validity of a De Giorgi conjecture regarding the relaxed area functional when one restricts to this class of piecewise constant functions.
Analysis of the beta-logarithmic function and its properties
Authors: Khan Nabiullah , Sk Rakibul
Published: October 2024

In this article, we aim to present a new extension of the beta-logarithmic function with the help of an extended beta function and logarithmic mean. Then we introduce its statistical properties and investigate some basic important formulas of extended beta-logarithmic functions, such as integral representation, summation formula and Mellin transform. Further, we consider a new type of hypergeometric and confluent hypergeometric functions using this extended beta-logarithmic function and discuss their various result.
Finite Element Formulations for Maxwell’s Eigenvalue Problem Using Continuous Lagrangian Interpolations
Authors: Boffi Daniele , Codina Ramon , Türk Önder
Published: October 2024

We consider nodal-based Lagrangian interpolations for the finite element approximation of the Maxwell eigenvalue problem. The first approach introduced is a standard Galerkin method on Powell–Sabin meshes, which has recently been shown to yield convergent approximations in two dimensions, whereas the other two are stabilized formulations that can be motivated by a variational multiscale approach. For the latter, a mixed formulation equivalent to the original problem is used, in which the operator has a saddle point structure. The Lagrange multiplier introduced to enforce the divergence constraint vanishes in an appropriate functional setting. The first stabilized method consists of an augmented formulation including a mesh dependent term that can be regarded as the Laplacian of the divergence constraint multiplier. The second formulation is based on orthogonal projections, which can be recast as a residual based stabilization technique. We rely on the classical spectral theory to analyze the approximating methods for the eigenproblem. The stability and convergence aspects are inherited from the associated source problems together with an assumption which is discussed numerically. We investigate the performance of the proposed formulations and provide some convergence results validating the theoretical ones for several benchmark tests, including ones with smooth and singular solutions.
A Finite Element Analysis in Balanced Norms for a Coupled System of Singularly Perturbed Reaction-Diffusion Equations
Authors: Armentano María Gabriela , Lombardi Ariel L. , Penessi Cecilia
Published: October 2024

In this paper we study approximations of a singularly perturbed system of two coupled reaction-diffusion equations, in one dimension, by using piecewise linear finite elements on graded meshes. When the parameters are of different magnitudes, the solution exhibits in general two distinct but overlapping boundary layers. We prove that, when the mesh grading parameter is appropriately chosen, optimal error estimates in a balanced norm for piecewise linear elements can be obtained. Supporting numerical results are also presented.
Examining the spread of disinformation on Facebook during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic: A case study in Switzerland
Authors: Baumann Mirjam , Humprecht Edda
Published: October 2024

Disinformation poses a significant threat to democratic societies, particularly in the context of the Covid-19 health crisis. This study delves into the prevalence and nature of disinformation in social media by analyzing Facebook accounts of political actors and alternative media within the unique Swiss landscape during the first wave of the pandemic. Using standardized quantitative content analysis, we categorize posts as either accurate, reconfigured, or fabricated. Our findings reveal a disconcerting pattern: Disinformation was shared more frequently than accurate information. Notably, right-wing politicians and parties, alongside alternative media sources, emerged as the most prolific disseminators of disinformation. Digging deeper, we discovered that the predominant form of disinformation shared on social media was reconfigured disinformation, signifying manipulated or contextually distorted information. This prevalence of reconfigured disinformation on social media platforms raises pressing concerns about the public’s ability to discern fact from fiction. Moreover, our study shines a spotlight on the inadvertent or perhaps deliberate contributions of right-wing politicians and parties and alternative media sources to the propagation of disinformation. By examining this phenomenon within the Swiss context during the initial wave of the pandemic, we provide valuable insights into the dynamics of disinformation and its implications for society during crisis situations.
On manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature and the infimum of volume growth order < 2
Authors: Ye Zhu
Published: October 2024

We study open (complete and noncompact) n-manifolds M with nonnegative Ricci curvature, under the condition that any asymptotic cone of M splits off an

ℝ
k

{\mathbb{R}^{k}}

factor. In particular, we obtain two rigidity results for open n-manifolds M with

Ric
M

≥
0

{\mathrm{Ric}_{M}\geq 0}

and the infimum of volume growth order

<
2

{<2}

. The first result asserts that there exists a nonconstant linear growth harmonic function on M if and only if M is isometric to the metric product

ℝ
×
N

{\mathbb{R}\times N}

for some compact manifold N. The second asserts that the Riemannian universal cover of M has Euclidean volume growth if and only if M is flat with an

n
-
1

{n-1}

dimensional soul.
Composition of some positive linear integral operators
Authors: Acu Ana-Maria , Rasa Ioan , Sofonea Florin
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to constructing sequences of integral operators with the same Voronovskaja formula as the generalized Baskakov operators, but having different behavior in other respects. For them, we investigate the eigenstructure, the inverses, and the corresponding Voronovskaja type formulas. A general result of Voronovskaja type for composition of operators is given and applied to the new operators. The asymptotic behavior of differences between the operators is investigated, and as an application, we obtain a formula involving Euler’s gamma function.
Involvement of three successive fractional derivatives in a system of pantograph equations and studying the existence solution and MLU stability
Authors: Hammad Hasanen A. , Işık Hüseyin , Aydi Hassen , Sen Manuel De la
Published: October 2024

Developing a model of fractional differential systems and studying the existence and stability of a solution is considebly one of the most important topics in the field of analysis. Therefore, this manuscript was dedicated to deriving a new type of fractional system that arises from the combination of three sequential fractional derivatives with fractional pantograph equations. Also, the fixed-point technique was used to evaluate the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the supposed hybrid model. Furthermore, stability results for the intended system in the sense of the Mittag-Leffler-Ulam have been investigated. Ultimately, an illustrative example has been highlighted in order to reinforce the theoretical results and suggest applications for this article.
Selling Jewish Victims’ Experiences During the Holocaust for Hard Currency: The Case of the Romanian Communists Compensation Claims Collection from 1970
Authors: Mihalcea Eugenia
Published: October 2024

In the 1970s, the Romanian authorities put together a large collection of compensation claim files of Romanian citizens victims of Nazi persecution between 1939 and 1945. The Romanian Communists’ scope was for a hard-currency settlement with the Federal Republic of Germany. In doing so, the Romanians claimed that the Federal Republic of Germany would pay for persecutions for which the Romanian state had been responsible. The selective denial of the Holocaust was the Communist authorities’ approach to the topic after the end of the Second World War. Especially after 1948, they carefully avoided tackling the issue of country’s own involvement in the persecution of its citizens, externalizing the blame on Nazi Germany. Additionally, in the official narrative the focus was on anti-Fascist resistance and Communists’ martyrdom during the Holocaust and not on Jewish sufferings. By analyzing different claim files part of the larger Romanian collection to be found in the Arolsen Archives I argue that Romanians’ plan of getting Germany’s money–and indirectly recognition of Germany’s responsibility for the Romanian authorities’ wrongdoings during the Holocaust – would have solidified the externalization of blame at international level on the long run.
Some properties of discrete classes of weights satisfying reverse Hölder inequality and reverse inequality for nonincreasing sequences
Authors: Abuelwafa Maryam M. , Rabie Safi S. , Agarwal Ravi P. , Saker Samir H.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we prove some new discrete inequalities with weights of
Hardy’s type and employ them to establish some properties of discrete
weighted Gehring class of sequences satisfying reverse Hölder
inequality. We also consider the weighted class of sequences satisfying a
reverse inequality for nonincreasing sequences and prove some higher
summability theorems.
Existence of weak solutions for double phase fractional problems with variable exponents
Authors: Zuo Jiabin , da C. Sousa J. Vanterler
Published: October 2024

In this present paper, we are first of all interested in some continuity and compactness results for the space ψ-fractional

𝕊
𝒜

α
,
β
;
ψ

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathbb{S}^{\alpha,\beta;\psi}_{\mathcal{A}}(\Lambda)}

. In this sense, we investigate the existence of at least two solutions with constant signs using truncation arguments and comparison methods of a new class of fractional differential equations with

m
⁢

(
ξ
)

{m(\xi)}

-Laplacian with double phase.
Lie symmetries, exact solutions and conservation laws of (2+1)-dimensional time fractional cubic Schrödinger equation
Authors: Yu Jicheng , Feng Yuqiang
Published: October 2024

In this paper, Lie symmetry analysis method is applied to

(

2
+
1

)

{(2+1)}

-dimensional time fractional cubic Schrödinger equation. We obtain all the Lie symmetries and reduce the

(

2
+
1

)

{(2+1)}

-dimensional fractional partial differential equations with Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative to

(

1
+
1

)

(1+1)

-dimensional counterparts with Erdélyi–Kober fractional derivative. Then we obtain the power series solutions of the reduced equations and prove their convergence. In addition, the conservation laws for the governing model are constructed by the new conservation theorem and the generalization of Noether operators.
Orbit-blocking words and the average-case complexity of Whitehead’s problem in the free group of rank 2
Authors: Hyde Lucy , O’Connor Siobhan , Shpilrain Vladimir
Published: October 2024

Let

F
2

F_{2}

denote the free group of rank 2.
Our main technical result of independent interest is the following: for any element 𝑢 of

F
2

F_{2}

, there is some

g
∈

F
2

g\in F_{2}

such that no cyclically reduced image of 𝑢 under an automorphism of

F
2

F_{2}

contains 𝑔 as a subword.
We then address the computational complexity of the following version of the Whitehead automorphism problem: given a fixed

u
∈

F
2

u\in F_{2}

, decide, on an input

v
∈

F
2

v\in F_{2}

of length 𝑛, whether or not 𝑣 is an automorphic image of 𝑢.
We show that there is an algorithm that solves this problem and has constant (i.e., independent of 𝑛) average-case complexity.
Power vector inequalities for operator pairs in Hilbert spaces and their applications
Authors: Altwaijry Najla , Dragomir Silvestru Sever , Feki Kais
Published: October 2024

This study explores the power vector inequalities for a pair of operators

(

B
,
C

)

\left(B,C)

in a Hilbert space. By utilizing a Mitrinović-Pečarić-Fink-type inequality for inner products and norms, we derive various power vector inequalities. Specifically, we consider the cases where

(

B
,
C

)

\left(B,C)

is equal to

(

A
,

A

*

)

\left(A,{A}^{* })

or

(

Re

(

A

)

,

Im

(

A

)

)

(\hspace{0.1em}\text{Re}\hspace{0.1em}\left(A),\hspace{0.1em}\text{Im}\hspace{0.1em}\left(A))

for an operator

A

A

in

B

(

H

)

B\left(H)

, where

H

H

is a Hilbert space. This leads to the derivation of vector, norm, and numerical radius inequalities for a single operator. Furthermore, we obtain power inequalities for the

s

s

-

r

r

-norm and

s

s

-

r

r

-numerical radius of the operator pair

(

B
,
C

)

∈
B

(

H

)

\left(B,C)\in B\left(H)

, which generalizes the Euclidean norm and Euclidean numerical radius. Finally, we apply these results to derive the corresponding inequalities for a single operator

A
∈
B

(

H

)

A\in B\left(H)

.
Estimating pharmacokinetic parameters from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced T
1-weighted MRI using a three level hierarchical Bayesian model
Authors: Bouchebbah Kahina , Zougab Nabil
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is becoming the most widely explored technique in clinical practice for tumor assessment. In acquiring DCE-MRI, a contrast agent (CA), also called tracer, is injected into the blood flow before or during the acquisition of a time series of

T
1

{T_{1}}

-weighted images with fast imaging techniques. When the CA goes through the tissue, MR signal intensity measurements in voxels of the region of interest (ROI) are registered and used to calculate the CA concentration in each voxel. The Tofts models have become standard for the analysis of DCE-MRI and which express tissue CA concentration

C
⁢

(
t
)

{C(t)}

as function of time t. The analysis of quantitative parameters in DCE-MRI provides the quantitative criterion as a reference rather than relying only on the shape of the DCE-curve, as it is used for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study aim to provide a new thinking in quantitative analysis which may therefore improve diagnostic accuracy for detection of prostate cancer and could be used in patient baseline prediction and guide management. A hierarchical Bayesian model was built to estimate the values of the four pharmacokinetic parameters (

K
trans

{K_{\mathrm{trans}}}

,

k
ep

{k_{\mathrm{ep}}}

,

υ
p

{\upsilon_{\mathrm{p}}}

,

υ
e

{\upsilon_{\mathrm{e}}}

) for both prostate healthy and lesion tissues in the peripheral zone. This estimation is important because it help to understand the behavior of the CA in the body and how this latter reacts to the CA in order to emphasize the expectation or the absence of prostate lesion during the diagnosis step.
The Growth of Food Aid in Sweden – How Demand and Supply are Transforming Charitable Organisations
Authors: Vamstad Johan , Leo Sandberg Elinn , Angelin Anna
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyse the growth in food aid in Sweden, and how it affects the non-profit organisations providing it. The particular type of food aid in focus is large-scale collaborations between charitable non-profit organisations and the food industry, through which food surplus is turned into food aid for people in food insecurity. The first examples of such food aid emerged less than 10 years ago in Sweden, but it has since experienced a dramatic growth. The development in Sweden follows a pattern known from many other European countries, with the exception that it is going faster, as if Sweden is catching up. This makes food aid in Sweden an interesting case for an empirical study. The article is based on an interview study performed in 2022. Staff and managers at two large, national organisations were interviewed about how the rapid growth in food aid has affected their work and the institutional logics of their organisations. They also provided their thoughts on the role of food aid in Swedish society. One of the main findings is that the growth in food aid bring both the benefit of more people in need receiving help, and the challenge of strain as well as concerns regarding ethics and mission drift in the organisations. Another finding is that the growth is driven by both a growth in demand for food aid, but also by a growth in supply of food from the charities and their corporate partnerships.
Upgraded one-dimensional code for the design of a micro gas turbine mixed flow compressor stage with various crossover diffuser configurations
Authors: van Eck Hano , van der Spuy Sybrand J.
Published: October 2024

Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) designers often have the need for a design tool, capable of rapidly providing feasible design options. The upgrade of such an existing MATLAB® based mixed flow compressor design application (1D App) is discussed. In MGT engines, diffuser design largely influences the compressor stage performance. Crossover diffusers provide superior efficiency and pressure ratio performance compared to legacy type diffusers, albeit at the expense of operating range. The reduced operating range attributed to single vane crossover diffusers can be alleviated by splitter vane, tandem vane, and combined configurations. Therefore, the 1D App is updated to allow the user the ability to design these additional crossover diffuser configurations. Performance results are verified using Numeca/FINE™ Turbo CFD software. It is shown that the upgraded 1D App provides predicted performance results within 1 % of CFD results for both total-to-total efficiency and pressure ratio.
Die Aushandlung von Versorgungsverläufen in der beruflichen Rehabilitation. Passungsverhältnisse von sozialstaatlichen Interventionen und Lebensentwürfen
Authors: Dreßke Stefan , Ohlbrecht Heike , Quehl Christoph
Published: October 2024

Der interaktionistisch-sozialkonstruktivistisch informierte Beitrag geht davon aus, dass sich die Verlaufsgestaltung der beruflichen Rehabilitation in Form von Aushandlungsprozessen vollzieht, in denen die Bedarfslagen der Rehabilitierenden mit den institutionellen Anforderungen und Zielvorstellungen vereinbart werden. Gegenstand der Aushandlungen sind Ansprüche der Rehabilitierenden an sozialstaatliche Leistungen, die in einem tentativen und iterativen Prozess formuliert werden und die Optimierungsinteressen unterliegen, die sich ebenfalls im Verlauf konstituieren. Rehabilitierende nehmen dabei institutionelle Zuweisungen und Klassifikationen in ihre Selbstsichten auf und richten ihre Lebensentwürfe zumindest teilweise danach aus. Sozialstaatlichen Klassifikations- und Sortierprozessen liegen demnach Übersetzungsleistungen aller Beteiligten zugrunde. Vorgestellt wird die Analyse von Versorgungsverläufen aus einer qualitativen Interviewstudie mit Rehabilitierenden und Mitarbeitenden in Berufsförderungswerken.