bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Results of Extended Genotyping to Management of Positive Cervicovaginal Human Papillomavirus Test Results: Enduring Guidelines
Authors: Massad L. Stewart , Clarke Megan A. , Perkins Rebecca B. , Garcia Francisco , Chelmow David , Cheung Li C. , Darragh Teresa M. , Egemen Didem , Lorey Thomas S. , Nayar Ritu , Newman Morgan , Risley Carolann , Smith Robert A. , Wentzensen Nicolas ,   Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee
Published: January 2025

Objective

The Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee developed recommendations for the use of extended genotyping results in cervical cancer prevention programs.

Methods

Risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse were calculated using data obtained with the Onclarity HPV Assay from large cohorts. Management recommendations were based on clinical action thresholds developed for the 2019 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines. Risk estimates were reviewed in relation to clinical action thresholds and used as the basis for draft recommendations. After an open comment period, recommendations were finalized and ratified through a vote by the Consensus Stakeholder Group.

Results

Colposcopy is recommended after positive tests for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. For those positive for HPV 45, 33/58, 31, 52, 35/39/68, or 51 but negative for 16 or 18, triage with cytology or dual stain testing is recommended. When screening with primary HPV testing, for patients who test positive for HPV types 56/59/66 and no other carcinogenic types, repeat HPV testing in 1 year is recommended. When screening with cotesting, for those who test positive for HPV types 56/59/66 and no other carcinogenic types, 1-year return is recommended for negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and colposcopy is recommended for atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), atypical glandular cells, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or carcinoma. When patients without prior high-grade cytology (atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, atypical glandular cells, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or carcinoma) or histology (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN]2, CIN3, or adenocarcinoma in situ) are being followed, use of extended genotyping results is acceptable. When high-grade cytology or histology results are present, or when patients are being followed after treatment of CIN2+, management using the 2019 guidelines is recommended.

Conclusions

Human papillomavirus extended genotyping can guide clinical management in the setting of a positive HPV test result.
Audio-Based Care for Managing Chronic Conditions in Adults
Authors: Albritton Jordan A. , Booth Graham , Kugley Shannon , Reddy Shivani , Coker-Schwimmer Manny , Fujita Miku , Crotty Karen
Published: January 2025

Background:

There is a lack of consensus on the effectiveness of audio-based care to manage chronic conditions. This knowledge gap has implications for health policy decisions and for health equity, as underserved populations are more likely to access care by telephone.

Objectives:

We compared the effectiveness of audio-based care to usual care for managing chronic conditions (except diabetes).

Design:

We used systematic review methods to synthesize available evidence.

Studies:

We searched for English-language articles reporting on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults diagnosed with a chronic condition published since 2012.

Outcomes:

We abstracted data on clinical outcomes, patient-reported health and quality of life, health care access and utilization, care quality and experience, and patient safety.

Results:

We included 40 RCTs evaluating audio-based care for a variety of chronic conditions, including cancer, heart failure, neurological disease, respiratory disease, musculoskeletal conditions, kidney disease, and others. There was significant heterogeneity across conditions and interventions. We generally found low to very low certainty of evidence of comparable effectiveness in the use of audio-based care to replace other care. Audio care as a supplement exhibited greater effectiveness in some outcomes, with generally low to very low certainty of evidence for most outcomes but moderate certainty for 2 groups of study outcomes.

Conclusions:

More research is needed to identify the conditions, populations, and intervention design combinations that improve outcomes and to determine when audio-based care can effectively replace other synchronous care.
The most important prognostic factors for predicting major adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal events during 5-year follow-up of patients with chronic kidney disease with or without haemodialysis
Authors: Toyama Takuji , Kasama Shu , Sato Makito , Sano Hirokazu , Ueda Tetsuya , Sasaki Toyoshi , Nakahara Takehiro , Higuchi Tetsuya , Tsushima Yoshito , Kurabayashi Masahiko
Published: January 2025

Objective

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic predictors over 5 years in patients with CKD including haemodialysis.

Methods

In this multicenter, prospective cohort study performed with the Gunma-CKD SPECT Study protocol, 311 patients with CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 min/ml/1.73 m2], including 50 patients on haemodialysis, undergoing stress Tc-99m-tetrofosmin SPECT for suspected ischaemic heart disease were followed for 5 years. MACCRE was evaluated, and summed stress score, summed rest score, summed difference score (SDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated by electrocardiogram-gated SPECT.

Results

Of the 311 patients, 268 were followed for 5 years, and of those patients, 126 experienced MACCRE: cardiac death, n = 15; sudden death, n = 5, nonfatal myocardial infarction, n = 5; hospitalization for heart failure, n = 16; cerebrovascular accident, n = 9; revascularization, n = 49; renal events (haemodialysis initiation/kidney transplantation), n = 20 and other cardiovascular events, n = 7. In univariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P < 0.0001), haemoglobin (P = 0.001), SDS (P = 0.0001), LVEDV (P = 0.002), LVESV (P = 0.0003) and LVEF (P < 0.0001) were associated with MACCRE, and in multivariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P = 0.014) and SDS (P = 0.002) were strongly associated with MACCRE. In Kaplan–Meier analysis, the event-free survival rate for MACCRE was better in patients with SDS below 3 than in those with SDS of 3 or higher (P < 0.0001, log-rank test) and in patients with eGFR of 18 or higher than in those with eGFR below 18 (P < 0.0001, log-rank test).

Conclusion

In patients with CKD, SDS and eGFR are reliable prognostic markers for the occurrence of MACCRE over 5 years.
Clonorchiasis, Marked Eosinophilia, and the Lack of Blasts in the Circulation Delaying the Diagnosis of Pediatric B-Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Cao Ke , Luo Xiaojuan , Li Defa , Chen Xueyan
Published: January 2025

Eosinophilia is rare in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In this report, we present a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with marked eosinophilia, whose diagnosis was delayed because of clonorchiasis.
Conducting an equitable skin assessment
Authors: Bailey Kortnie , Bobick Eleanor , Dewey Kailyn , Huiras Isaac , Iverson Dakota , Ojeikhodion Rachael , Paulson Tanner , Reichenbacher Ella , Benike Linnea , Bliss Donna Z. , Narr Cassandra , Gurvich Olga V.
Published: January 2025

Equitable skin assessments are essential for identifying critical health changes and ensuring effective care across all skin tones. This article provides evidence-based guidelines to help nurses address gaps in education and enhance assessment techniques for diverse populations.
Move Better, Live Better: A novel supervised combined training for peripheral arterial disease: A quasi-experimental approach
Authors: Peñín-Grandes Saúl , López-Ortiz Susana , de la Fuente Gómez Montserrat , Pinto-Fraga José , Lista Simone , Maroto-Izquierdo Sergio , Lucia Alejandro , del Río Solá Mª Lourdes , Martín-Hernández Juan , Santos-Lozano Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This study aimed to analyze the effect of a novel supervised exercise therapy (SET) program based on intermittent treadmill walking and circuit-based moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) on walking performance and HRQoL in PAD patients.

Design:

All participants underwent a 12-week SET that involved 15 to 30 minutes of treadmill walking followed by a 15-minute moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) continued by 12-week of follow-up. Maximum walking distance (MWD), pain-free walking distance (PFWD), gait speed and estimated peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) were calculated through the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) and HRQoL through the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire-6 (VascuQol-6).

Results:

There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between baseline and post-intervention for walking performance outcomes [MWD (MD: 88.53 m), PFWD (MD: 62.89 m), gait speed (MD: 0.24 m·s-1) and peak VO2 (MD: 2.04 ml·kg−1·min−1)] and for HRQoL [physical functioning in SF-36 (MD: 6.93 points) and VascuQol-6 (MD: 1.46 points)]; while no differences were found between baseline and 12-week follow-up.

Conclusion:

Results seem to show that 12-week of novel SET based on intermittent walking and MIFT induced significant clinical improvements in key functional variables of PAD while cessation of exercise leads to significant negative clinical changes in subsequent weeks of follow-up.
Improving Access to Early Developmental Evaluation in Academic Primary Care Centers
Authors: Samaan Zeina M. , Williams-Arya Pamela , Copeland Kristen , Burkhardt Mary Carol , Schumacher Jayna , Hardie Jennifer , White Cynthia , Reyner Allison , Taylor Makeba , Ehrhardt Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Developmental disorders (DDs) affect approximately 1 in 6 children in the United States. Early identification and treatment improve developmental outcomes and child and family functioning. Disparities exist in the diagnosis of DD that leads to inequitable access to developmental services during important periods of neuroplasticity. Improve access to the developmental and behavioral pediatrics (DBP) clinic for developmental evaluation when developmental delays occur among children 3–5 years of age by increasing the percentage of children scheduled for and completing an initial visit in 90 days from 20% to 40%.

Methods:

We used the Institute of Health Improvement model, executed mapping failure modes, created a key driver diagram and conducted plan-do-study-act cycles. We plotted data over time in a statistical control chart. The key intervention was an expedited, collaborative referral and scheduling process developed, tested, and implemented by the general pediatric clinic and DBP stakeholders. Additional interventions included reminder notifications and calls to patients who missed appointments.

Results:

The percentage of patients referred to DBP who scheduled and completed their initial visit in DBP within 90 days increased from 20% to 40%. DBP clinicians suspecting that patients had global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder at the initial DBP visit referred them for more extensive developmental testing with psychology and speech-language providers.

Conclusions:

Access to developmental evaluation for preschool-aged children at risk for delayed diagnosis and treatment was improved using quality improvement methodology focused on flexible and creative priority scheduling practices from within the medical home.
Protective effects of liensinine against acetaminophen-induced liver injury through relieving inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis
Authors: Suo Yaran , Li Shuyu , Fu Chunjin , Chai Xin , Liao Jingjing , Wong Yin Kwan , Lyu Haining , Xu Chengchao
Published: January 2025

Background

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity has attracted considerable attention in clinical settings due to the limited treatment options available. Liensinine stands out as a key alkaloid known for its pharmaceutical activities. However, the role of liensinine in mitigating APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear.

Objective

The aim of the study was to explore the protective effects of liensinine against APAP-induced liver injury.

Methods

C57BL/6 male mice were treated with a dose of 200 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine or varying doses of liensinine (10 or 20 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days. APAP (400 mg/kg, i.g.) was then administered to induce liver damage for 12 hours. Blood samples and hepatic tissues were collected for further analysis. Liver enzyme levels and histopathological analysis were employed to assess liver injury. RNA-seq was conducted to evaluate the dynamic changes in gene expression. Biochemical assays were used to measure oxidative stress and inflammation, while the TUNEL assay was performed to assess hepatocyte apoptosis.

Results

The results demonstrated that the administration of liensinine mitigated serum liver enzyme levels and tissue damage resulting from APAP overdose. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant and coordinated changes in genes related to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and apoptosis pathway in response to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. The expression alterations of key genes within these three pathways, associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis, were reversed by liensinine, indicating its potential in alleviating APAP-induced liver damage through multiple signaling pathways. This suggests the diverse therapeutic effects of liensinine, including inflammation suppression, oxidative stress reduction, and cell apoptosis inhibition. Indeed, pretreatment with liensinine effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, and apoptotic cells induced by APAP.

Conclusions

Liensinine mitigates APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice through multifaceted pathways, providing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic benefits.
Late-onset CSF1R-related Disorder: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Lixue , Xu Haoyou , Lu Zhifu
Published: January 2025

CSF1R-related disorder, a catastrophic neurodegenerative disease, arises from genetic mutations in the colony-stimulating CSF1R. Initial misdiagnosis is common, as demonstrated by this case involving a 52-year-old female who presented with symptoms of limb numbness and weakness. Differential diagnosis first indicated Parkinsonism, lacunar infarction, and cervical spondylosis. Subsequently, however, this patient’s clinical presentation evolved to include bradykinesia, cognitive decline, and a spectrum of neurological manifestations. A Pan-V2 assay revealed a heterozygous mutation in the CSF1R gene. Craniocerebral MRI showed cerebral infarctions, lacunar infarctions, and leukoaraiosis. Despite symptomatic treatments, our patient’s clinical status continued to decline until her family chose to discontinue further medical interventions. This case underscores the diagnostic complexities of early detection of CSF1R-related disorders. It emphasizes the importance of including leukodystrophy in such differential diagnoses and the need for prompt genetic screening in patients who present with progressive leukoencephalopathy, especially when cerebrospinal fluid analysis is unremarkable.
Microbe Profile: Salmonella Typhimurium: the master of the art of adaptation
Authors: Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Hinton Jay C. D.
Published: January 2025

Graphical abstract

Visual overview of the pathogenesis, virulence characteristics and taxonomic classification of Salmonella Typhimurium. Left panel: key characteristics of Salmonella Typhimurium. Right panel: taxonomy of Salmonella enterica, subspecies and serovars. iNTS: invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella; Mφ: macrophage; DC: dendritic cell; SPIs: Salmonella pathogenicity islands. Perez-Sepulveda & Hinton Microbe Profile: Salmonella Typhimurium.
Identification and Functional Characterization of Regulatory Variants in DPP9 Associated with COVID-19 Severity
Authors: Farah Gaelle , Torres Magali , Henches Leo , Aschard Hugues , Ghosn Jade , Duval Xavier ,   Milieu Interieur Consortium,   French COVID Cohort Study Group, Rihet Pascal , Spicuglia Salvatore , Marquet Sandrine
Published: January 2025

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to a wide-range of clinical outcomes, which have been extensively studied through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Starting from lead genetic variants associated with COVID-19 infection and severity, we identified a subset of non-coding candidate variants with potential regulatory functions. Using bioinformatics analysis and functional screening in three cell lines, we prioritized two DPP9 variants within a haplotype that increases the risk of severe COVID-19. This haplotype exhibited increased regulatory activity and altered transcription factor binding, suggesting its role in influencing COVID-19 severity through modulation of DPP9 expression in immune and lung cell types. The interest of our study lies in the functional characterization of regulatory variants responsible for the higher levels of DPP9 and lung damage observed in patients with severe COVID-19. These findings advance our understanding of genetic risk factors for COVID-19 and highlight functional SNPs that may guide future therapeutic research.
Local alkalinity enhancement using artificial substrates increases survivorship of early-stage coral recruits
Authors: Ruszczyk Melissa , Rodriguez Skylar , Tuen Montale , Rux Kylee , Chandragiri Santhan , Stickley Maren , Haus Brian K. , Baker Andrew C. , Miller Margaret W. , Suraneni Prannoy , Langdon Chris , Prakash Vivek N.
Published: January 2025

Efforts to restore coral reefs using sexually derived coral recruits are often hindered by their low survivorship and growth, hence scalable interventions to improve these parameters are urgently needed. Here, we developed novel settlement substrates that modify the local chemical and hydrodynamic environments to provide local alkalinity enhancement (AE) within the laminar boundary layer to aid in coral restoration. Cement tiles with four different chemistries and two different surface topographies were tested in a novel flume system to quantify their ability to change local pH under reef-like conditions and their effect on larval settlement, survivorship, and growth of the endangered Caribbean coral,Orbicella faveolata. Chemistry had a minimal effect on the initial settlement of coral larvae, and textured tiles were preferred over smooth tiles. However, substrates that created a more alkaline local environment increased post-settlement survivorship. The increased survivorship ofO. faveolatarecruits on AE tiles was not due to increased growth on AE tiles, although trends in growth were dependent on chemistry and topography of tiles. Our results indicate that mixing sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate into cement used to fabricate artificial reef structures could be an effective means to enhance the development of coral cover.

Significance Statement

Reef-building coral populations in South Florida and the Caribbean are nearing crisis, with low survivorship rates of new recruits being identified as a critical bottleneck limiting their recovery. Since ocean acidification is known to stress corals and hinder their growth, we hypothesized that enhancing substrate alkalinity could help mitigate ocean acidification effects by boosting coral growth and increasing survivorship during their critical early stages. This hypothesis was experimentally tested by adding sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate to settlement substrates and studying coral settlement preference, and coral spat growth and survival. Our results showed significantly higher survivorship on alkalinity enhanced substrates, indicating that this could be a promising restoration intervention.
Deep learning generatesapoRNA conformations with cryptic ligand binding site
Authors: Kurisaki Ikuo , Hamada Michiaki
Published: January 2025

RNA plays vital roles in diverse biological processes, thus drawing much attention as potential drug target. Structure Based Drug Design (SBDD) for RNA is a promising approach but available RNA-ligand complex tertiary structures are substantially limited so far. Then, theoretical RNA-ligand docking simulations play central roles. However, success of SBDD highly depends on use of RNA structure sufficiently close to ligand-boundable conformations, which do not necessarily appear in experimentally-resolved and theoretically sampledapoRNA conformations. To overcome such difficulty in SBDD for RNA, we leverage efficiently sampling ligand-boudableapoRNA conformations by using a generative deep learning model (DL). We succeeded to generate HIV-1 Transactivation Response Element (TAR) conformations with a cryptic MV2003 binding cavity withouta prioriknowledge of the cavity. These conformations bind to MV2003 with binding scores similar to those calculated for experimentally-resolved TAR-MV2003 complexes, illustrating new application of DL to promote SBDD for RNA.
The effect of a post-learning nap on motor memory consolidation in people with Parkinson’s disease: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Micca Letizia , Albouy Genevieve , King Bradley R , D’Cruz Nicholas , Nieuwboer Alice , Vandenberghe Wim , Borzée Pascal , Buysse Bertien , Testelmans Dries , Nicolas Judith , Gilat Moran
Published: January 2025

Study Objectives

Motor memory consolidation is a process by which newly acquired skills become stable over time in the absence of practice. Sleep facilitates consolidation, yet it remains unknown whether sleep-dependent consolidation is intact in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we investigated whether a post-learning nap - as compared to wakefulness - improves motor memory consolidation in PD.

Methods

Thirty-two people with PD and 32 healthy older adults (HOA) learned a finger-tapping sequence task before being randomized to a nap or wake intervention. Consolidation was measured as the change in performance between pre- and post-intervention and at 24-hours retention. Automaticity was measured with a dual-task assessed post-intervention and at retention. Sleep architecture and electrophysiological markers of plasticity were extracted from the experimental nap to assess their association with performance changes.

Results

Behavioural results provided weak evidence for equivalent benefit of sleep-dependent consolidation over wakefulness in both PD and HOA, and no difference of intervention effects between groups. Napping did not affect dual-task costs in PD or HOA. Results suggested positive associations between performance improvements and slow wave density, amplitude, slope, and spindle amplitude in PD and not in HOA.

Conclusions

A post-learning nap had similar effects in PD and HOA, yet the evidence remains inconclusive. Further, napping did not have a beneficial effect over wake in either group. In PD, sleep markers of plasticity were associated to performance improvements, suggesting that equivalent performance output between HOA and PD may be achieved using different consolidation mechanisms.

Statement of significance

This is the first study to directly compare the effect of post-learning napping with wakefulness on motor memory consolidation in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), showing no beneficial effect of sleep as compared to wakefulness. Further, motor memory consolidation may be unaffected in PD as compared to heathy older adults. In PD, electrophysiological markers of plasticity during sleep were positively associated to motor performance improvement, indicating that HOA and PD may achieve equivalent performance outcomes through different consolidation mechanisms.
Relic neutrino background from cosmic-ray reservoirs
Authors: De Marchi Andrea Giovanni , Granelli Alessandro , Nava Jacopo , Sala Filippo
Published: January 2025

We compute the flux of relic neutrino background (RνB) up-scattered by ultrahigh-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) in clusters that act as CR-reservoirs. The long trapping times of UHECRs make this flux larger than that of RνB up-scattered by UHECRs on their way to Earth, which we also compute. We find that IceCube excludes RνB weighted overdensities larger than 1010 in clusters, and that PUEO, RNO-G, GRAND, and IceCube-Gen2 will test values down to 108. Our treatment incorporates the momentum transfer dependence of the neutrino-nucleus cross section, deep inelastic scattering, a mixed UHECR composition, and flavor information on the up-scattered RνB fluxes for both cases of neutrino mass spectrum with normal and inverted ordering, providing new handles to possibly disentangle the up-scattered RνB from cosmogenic neutrinos.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Monoprotonated species of 2-aminomalonyl difluoride, [C3H4F2NO2][H2F3]
Authors: Hollenwäger Dirk , Leitz Dominik , Bockmair Valentin , Kornath Andreas J.
Published: January 2025

The monoprotonated species of 2-aminomalonyl difluoride, namely, 1,3-difluoro-1,3-dioxopropan-2-aminium dihydrogen trifluoride, [C3H4F2NO2][H2F3], was synthesized from sulfur tetrafluoride in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (aHF) with [NH4][C3H5NO4] as the starting material. The solvent was removed and the salt was dissolved in aHF and crystallized. In the solid state, the three-dimensional network is built by medium–strong N—H...F hydrogen bonds and C...F contacts. This is the first structure determination of an aminoacyl difluoride and the second of an aminoacyl fluoride.
Crystal structure of poly[μ3-acetato-diaqua-μ3-sulfato-cerium(III)]: serendipitous synthesis of a layered coordination polymer exhibiting interlayer O—H...O hydrogen bonding
Authors: Ruser Niklas , Näther Christian , Stock Norbert
Published: January 2025

Single crystals of the title compound, [Ce(CH3COO)(SO4)(H2O)2]
n
, were obtained serendipitously by the reaction of Ce(NO3)3·6H2O with 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H2TDC) and acetic acid in a mixture of ethanol and water, where it is assumed that the sulfate ions leached from the Teflon reactor, which was treated with peroxymonosulfuric acid prior to its use. Its asymmetric unit consists of one CeIII cation, one sulfate dianion, one acetate anion and two crystallographically independent water molecules, all of them located in general positions. The cerium cations are coordinated by three acetate anions (one O,O-chelating) and three sulfate dianions that are related by symmetry as well as two independent water molecules within an irregular CeO9 coordination geometry. The CeIII cations are linked by the acetate ions into [010] chains, which are further connected into (001) layers by the sulfate dianions. Intralayer and interlayer O—H...O hydrogen bonds are observed. Powder X-ray diffraction shows that only traces of the title compound have formed together with a large amount of an unknown crystalline phase. Attempts to prepare the title compound in larger amounts and as a pure phase were unsuccessful.
Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 5,5-diphenyl-2-[2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazin-1-yl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-4-one N,N-dimethylformamide hemisolvate
Authors: El Moutaouakil Ala Allah Abderrazzak , Kariuki Benson M. , Guerrab Walid , Alsubari Abdulsalam , Said Musa A. , Mague Joel T. , Ramli Youssef
Published: January 2025

The asymmetric unit of the title structure, 2C18H18N4O2·C3H7NO, consists of two independent molecules of the substituted imidazolone having different conformations, and one molecule of solvent DMF. The two imidazolone molecules are linked by N—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds and the DMF is joined to one of these by an N—H...O hydrogen bond. Additional N—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds link these groups into corrugated layers parallel to the (101) plane with the layers joined by C—H...π (ring) interactions. A Hirshfeld surface analysis indicated that H...H interactions account for over half of the intermolecular contacts.
Carbon emissions and firm value: does firms’ commitment to sustainable development goals matter?
Authors: Donkor Augustine , Appiagyei Kwadjo , Kwakye Teddy Ossei , Korankye Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to clarify the value of sustainable development goals (SDGs) commitment by examining the moderating role of firms’ commitment to SDGs on firms’ carbon emissions (CE) and firm value (FV) nexus.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses ordinary least squares and other robust estimations on data from 89 listed firms on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from 2013 to 2021.

Findings

Firms with high CE are associated with lower FV. However, firms’ commitment to SDGs moderates the relationship by averting the value-destroying tendencies of high carbon-emitting firms.

Practical implications

Firms should integrate SDGs into their core business strategy and governance frameworks to enhance their environmental performance and FV. As market participants on the JSE, they should also focus on the allocation of resources for SDGs and the management of CE.

Social implications

The findings provide a basis for governments and policymakers to promote firm-level commitment to SDGs to help reduce the harmful effects of CE on society and help achieve SDG targets.

Originality/value

The study adds a new dimension to the existing environmental performance and financial outcomes literature by clarifying the moderating value of firms’ commitment to SDGs in the CE and FV discourse.
The mediating role of individual adaptability in the relationship between psychological capital and psychological well-being: evidence from Uganda’s small enterprises
Authors: Tabala Agnes , Munene John , Kagaari James , Mafabi Samuel , Bagorogoza Janatti Kyogabiirwe
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate whether individual adaptability mediates the relationship between psychological capital and psychological well-being (PWB) of Ugandan small enterprise employees. Furthermore, the paper examines whether psychological capital and individual adaptability also affect PWB.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey design using a quantitative approach was used in this study. Data were collected from 726 employees of small enterprises in Uganda using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists and uploaded into AMOS version 23. The hypotheses were tested using the structural equation modelling technique.

Findings

Results confirm that individual adaptability partially mediates the relationship between psychological capital and PWB. Findings further indicate that psychological capital is positively related to individual adaptability and that individual adaptability is positively related to PWB.

Research limitations/implications

First, the sample of this study consisted of employees working with small enterprises in Uganda with different demographic characteristics; thus, the generalizability of these findings to other sectors or contexts needs to be established. Secondly, the study was quantitative in nature. This study has managerial implications in a way that managers should have people management skills that support their employees to develop psychological capital and individual adaptability.

Originality/value

This study may be among the first to demonstrate that individual adaptability partially mediates the relationship between psychological capital and PWB in the context of small enterprise employees of Uganda, an African developing country. Consequently, this study contributes to both theory and literature via the broaden-and-build theory and the complex adaptive systems theory, hence adding to the scant existing literature on psychological capital, individual adaptability and PWB.
Social influence or religiosity? New factors determining the adoption of Paytech services in Islamic countries
Authors: Albort-Morant Gema , Irimia-Diéguez Ana , Yasin Mahmoud , Liebana-Cabanillas Francisco
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to identify the factors that may account for the intention to use Paytech services within an Islamic context. The authors propose an expanded version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which includes religiosity (R) and social influence (SI), to develop a causal-predictive analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

The research model and hypotheses were assessed using partial least square-structured equation modeling on data collected from 531 potential Paytech users.

Findings

The results reveal that religiosity has a more significant direct effect on the intention to use Paytech services than on actual use, while social influence has a more significant direct effect on use than on the intention to use Paytech services.

Research limitations/implications

Cultural differences within the Middle East and North Africa region could influence the acceptance and usage of the new Paytech services.

Practical implications

The valuable insights gained from this study can help Fintech managers, financial institutions and developers of new financial services design effective strategies to encourage user adoption of Paytech services. Companies could prioritize implementing word-of-mouth marketing initiatives to encourage early adopters to recommend the service.

Social implications

The Paytech services would enable access to financial services for the entire Muslim population regardless of their location, gender or age, thereby fostering financial inclusion.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to explore the intention to use Paytech services in two Islamic countries: Saudi Arabia and Palestine. From a theoretical perspective, this work contributes to the academic literature by analyzing the mediating effects of two external variables, religiosity and social influence.
Improving performance via Rival Alliance Cooperation? Insights from the container shipping sector
Authors: Chiao Yu-Ching , Huang Chun-Ju , Lin Chun-Chien , Chuang Tang-Shun
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to examine conditions in both inter- and intra-alliance contexts within an oligopolistic alliance industry operating across multiple markets. It focuses on how a focal firm’s optimal performance depends on nuanced evaluations of the trade-offs associated with coopetitive synergy, and on decisions about whether to collaborate or compete with its members.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analyze the six leading global container shipping firms within two major alliances (The Grand Alliance and the New World Alliance) from 2003 to 2010, gathering 7,825 news articles from the Cyber Shipping Guide, a comprehensive global container shipping business database in Japan.

Findings

The findings reveal the following: (1) the focal firm cooperating with members of a rival alliance decreases the level of inter-alliance competition. (2) The focal firm cooperating with members of a rival alliance increases the level of intra-alliance competition. (3) Increased inter-alliance competition negatively impacts the performance of the focal firm. (4) Increased intra-alliance competition negatively impacts the performance of the focal firm.

Practical implications

Global container shipping firms should make optimal decisions about which firms to cooperate with, focusing on those that contribute to the focal firm’s overall synergies and thus performance.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature on coopetition in strategic alliances by extending the concept of dynamic coopetition to include strategic alliance groupings, and by examining how focal firm members cooperate in both inter- and intra-alliance contexts.
National culture, formal institutions and structure of board of directors: theory and empirical evidence
Authors: Amin Hala M.G. , Mohamed Ehab K.A. , Abdallah Amr S. , Elamer Ahmed A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aims to explore how the structure of the board of directors is influenced by national informal culture values and the strength of formal institutional environments, as measured through legal regulations, market conditions and investor protection regulations.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyzes data from 432 companies listed in the S&P Global 1200 index using structural equation modeling. National cultural dimensions from Hofstede’s (2011) framework capture informal cultural aspects, while the World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators assess formal institutions. This study examines board structure in terms of leadership style, board size, board independence, board committee structure and board diversity.

Findings

The results reveal that national cultural values are negatively associated with rule of law institutions, indicating that culture can substitute for legal institutions, acting as “soft” regulation. Cultural values establish social norms and accountability when legal frameworks are weak. In addition, national culture positively relates to open market institutions, enhancing transparency, fairness and competition in strong markets. The findings also show that national culture and formal institutions significantly shape managerial perceptions of the board’s role and structure, impacting how firms prioritize monitoring versus resource provision.

Research limitations/implications

The findings offer valuable insights for managers in diverse institutional contexts, enabling them to adjust board structures according to cultural and institutional factors.

Practical implications

The research advocates for tailored governance practices that fit specific institutional and cultural contexts. Multinational corporations can benefit from customizing their governance structures according to the cultural and institutional environments of the countries in which they operate.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to existing literature by focusing on complementarity as well as substitution mechanisms between national cultural characteristics and formal institutions in shaping board structure.
Ethical concerns in AI development: analyzing students’ perspectives on robotics and society
Authors: Ferhataj Anxhela , Memaj Fatmir , Sahatcija Roland , Ora Ariel , Koka Enkelejda
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The rapid advancement and integration of robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming various sectors, presenting profound ethical, economic, legal and societal challenges. This study aims to examine ethical concerns in AI development, with a specific focus on robotics, from the perspectives of university students in Albania.

Design/methodology/approach

A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 233 university students, focusing on their experiences with AI and robotics, ethical perceptions, preferences and recommendations for advancing these technologies. Hypotheses were tested at a 95% confidence interval, with data analyzed using JASP software version 0.18.3.0.

Findings

The results reveal a high level of ethical awareness among students, particularly regarding transparency, liability and privacy in AI and robotics. Practical experience with robotics and understanding of AI’s ethical implications significantly shape students’ attitudes, fostering support for ethical governance. Students also advocate for robust regulatory measures to safeguard individual rights, ensure data security, promote transparency in AI decision-making and uphold privacy.

Research limitations/implications

This study focuses on university students in Albania, which may limit the generalizability of its findings. Future research should explore diverse populations and cross-cultural contexts to validate and extend the proposed framework.

Practical implications

Insights from this study can guide policymakers and technology developers in designing laws, regulations and practices that balance innovation with public interest, fostering trust and acceptance of AI systems.

Social implications

The findings underscore the importance of Albania adopting and harmonizing its policies with the EU Civil Law Rules on Robotics, the EU AI Act and AI Strategy, supporting ethical AI integration aligned with the country’s EU accession objectives.

Originality/value

This study introduces the Ethical Awareness-Trust Framework, a novel theoretical model integrating ethical literacy, experiential trust and regulatory advocacy to foster responsible AI adoption and governance. The findings address critical gaps in the literature by offering actionable recommendations for aligning national policies with European regulations and embedding ethics into AI research and education.
Decades of insight: a 25-year bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Alqahtani Nasser
Published: January 2025

Purpose

In celebration of its 25th anniversary, this paper aims to analyze the corpus of publications in the Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship (JRME) since its inception, using bibliometric techniques. It identifies publication trends, scientific productivity, authors’ collaborations and topic clusters within JRME and proposes future research directions for its audience.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses bibliometric techniques to investigate all of the published works in JRME from 1999 (inception) to 2023. It extracts all published articles from the Scopus database and employs VOSviewer and Gephi software to perform bibliographic coupling and network analysis.

Findings

The study identified 278 documents published at JRME between 1999 and 2023, with a notable annual growth of approximately 30% over the past two years. It describes the journal’s productivity and influence, identifies key contributors along with their affiliated institutions and countries and outlines the journal’s most impactful publications. Through bibliographic coupling, this research identifies six thematic clusters within JRME’s body of work and outlines the evolution and impact of each cluster. Although the United States and the United Kingdom were identified as central hubs in the journal’s academic network, the study found robust evidence for the journal’s excellence in fostering international collaborations. The study also identifies important implications for future research at the JRME, highlighting the need to explore emerging topics in the field and adopt more diverse methodologies.

Originality/value

This analysis offers a thorough overview of the intellectual structure that JRME has contributed to literature, highlighting its crucial role in influencing the conversation around marketing and entrepreneurship.
Liability of outsidership in multinational enterprises: a review and research agenda
Authors: Weerasekera Sandun , Herath Sashya Maheede , Wijewardena Chanaka
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the notion of the Liability of Outsidership (LoO) in multinational enterprises’ (MNEs) operations, following Johanson and Vahlne's (2009) revision of the Uppsala model. This study seeks to identify the sources of outsidership and the strategies used by MNEs to overcome these liabilities, providing a comprehensive overview for practitioners, academics and policymakers.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper studies firm-level operations and investigations of foreign direct investment by MNEs. By synthesising existing research and theoretical frameworks, this study identifies key dimensions and determinants of LoO and offers insights into its implications for international business strategy. This paper’s approach ensures a holistic understanding of the concept, drawing from diverse sources to present a well-rounded perspective.

Findings

This study reveals two broad themes in the literature: firm-specific factors, such as market entry decisions, managerial attributes and business nature, and country-specific factors, including economic, social and political conditions. The authors highlight critical insights into these factors and identify successful strategies that MNEs use to become embedded in local networks.

Research limitations/implications

The insights from this study will aid academics and researchers in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the LoO and identifying future research directions. Additionally, this study will assist MNE leaders and managers in understanding the key dynamics of foreign markets and the critical factors to consider in their internationalisation strategies.

Originality/value

This study discusses LoO in MNEs by offering a holistic overview to identify the sources of outsidership and the strategies used by MNEs to overcome these liabilities. This paper highlights key gaps and areas for future research and proposes practical strategies that MNEs can adopt to overcome outsidership, thereby serving as a valuable resource for both practitioners and policymakers.
Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Epstein‐Barr Virus‐Associated Liver Dysfunction
Authors: Zhan Yi , Fu Yu , Dai Hanqi , Gao Haihong , Huang Shanshan , Chen Huijuan , Xu Jianxin
Published: January 2025

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is mainly triggered by Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. There are few studies on the role of the gut microbiota in IM and EBV‐associated liver dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the gut microbiota in the EBV‐associated liver dysfunction and to evaluate the relationship between the severity of gut microbiota dysbiosis and cytokine levels. A case‐control study was performed. Individuals meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria for EBV‐induced IM were enrolled and their fecal and blood samples were collected. The V3‐V4 region of the 16s rDNA gene of fecal microbiota was sequenced; bioinformatics analysis including α‐diversity, β‐diversity, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) was performed; and the correlation between bacteria and clinical indices was analysed. A total of 48 participants completed fecal and blood tests, including 18 IM, 11 EBV‐associated liver dysfunction, 12 healthy children and 7 EBV‐negative liver dysfunction. The α‐diversity and β‐diversity of the gut microbiota in the EBV‐associated liver dysfunction was more than that in IM. The abundance of Granulicatella, Enterococcus, Atopobium and Acinetobacter increased, while the abundance of Prevotella, Sutterella, Collinsella, Desulfovibrio decreased in the EBV‐associated liver dysfunction compared with the IM. The abundance of Enterococcus, Atopobium and Acinetobacter correlated positively with the levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes%. Gut microbiota of EBV‐associated liver dysfunction was significantly disturbed and associated with systemic immune response.
Understanding the Emergence of Ill‐being at Work in a Post‐colonial Context: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Ashraf Mehreen , Lindebaum Dirk
Published: January 2025

Little is known about how ill‐being at work is produced in a post‐colonial context. In this study, we explore this process through the lens of Critical Theory, examining the interplay between heteronomous obedience and the politicization of belonging in a multinational company in Pakistan. Drawing on data from 33 interviews, we trace the production of ill‐being as employees navigate pressures to conform via (i) mimicking behaviours, (ii) gendering obedience and (iii) concealing their values and identities. Our findings reveal that ill‐being is shaped by the hybrid dynamics of global corporate progressiveness and deeply ingrained local `Seth’ culture. This negotiation results in internal conflicts, reinforcing feelings of inadequacy, guilt and isolation, particularly as socio‐cultural and gender norms complicate belonging in the workplace. By integrating our findings with the literature, we offer new insights into the production of ill‐being in non‐Western settings and highlight future research directions.