bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction and validation of short-to-long-term earthquake probabilities in inland Japan using the hierarchical space–time ETAS and space–time Poisson process models
Authors: Ogata Yosihiko
Published: July 2022

A hierarchical space–time version of the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (HIST–ETAS) model was constructed for an optimally adapted fit to diverse seismicity features characterized by anisotropic clustering as well as regionally distinct parameters. This manuscript validates this elaborate model for short-term prediction based on several years of recent inland Japan earthquakes as a testing data set, by evaluating the results using a log-likelihood ratio score. To consider intermediate- and long-term performance, several types of space–time Poisson models are compared with the background seismicity rate of the HIST–ETAS model. Results show first that the HIST–ETAS model has the best short-term prediction results for earthquakes in the range of magnitudes from M4.0 to M5.0, although, for the larger earthquakes, sufficient recent earthquake data is lacking to evaluate the performance. Second, for intermediate-term predictions, the optimal spatial nonuniform Poisson intensity model has a better forecast performance than the seismic background intensity of the HIST–ETAS model, while the uniform rate Poisson model throughout all of inland Japan has the worst forecast performance. For earthquakes of M6 or larger, the performance of retrospective long-term forecasts was tested in two ways. First, a retrospective forecasting experiment divided the entire period from 1885 to the present into two parts, with the recent ~ 30 years as the forecast period. Second, the historical damaging earthquake data (599–1884) were spatially validated using century data from 1885 to the present. In both validations, it was determined that the spatial intensity of the inland background seismic activity of the HIST–ETAS model is much better than the best-fit nonuniform Poisson spatial model, leading to the best results. The findings of this study will be critical for regional earthquake hazard planning in Japan and similar locations worldwide.

Graphical Abstract
A decellularized flowable placental connective tissue matrix supports cellular functions of human tenocytes in vitro
Authors: Mao Yong , John Nikita , Protzman Nicole M. , Kuehn Adam , Long Desiree , Sivalenka Raja , Junka Radoslaw A. , Gosiewska Anna , Hariri Robert J. , Brigido Stephen A.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Injectable connective tissue matrices (CTMs) may promote tendon healing, given their minimally invasive properties, structural and biochemical extracellular matrix components, and capacity to fill irregular spaces. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of placental CTMs on the cellular activities of human tenocytes. Decellularization, the removal of cells, cell fragments, and DNA from CTMs, has been shown to reduce the host’s inflammatory response. Therefore, the authors hypothesize that a decellularized CTM will provide a more cell-friendly matrix to support tenocyte functions.

Methods

Three human placental CTMs were selected for comparison: AmnioFill® (A-CTM), a minimally manipulated, non-viable cellular particulate, BioRenew™ (B-CTM), a liquid matrix, and Interfyl® (I-CTM), a decellularized flowable particulate. Adhesion and proliferation were evaluated using cell viability assays and tenocyte migration using a transwell migration assay. Gene expression of tenocyte markers, cytokines, growth factors, and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) in tenocytes were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results

Although A-CTM supported more tenocyte adhesion, I-CTM promoted significantly more tenocyte proliferation compared with A-CTM and B-CTM. Unlike A-CTM, tenocyte migration was higher in I-CTM than the control. The presence of I-CTM also prevented the loss of tenocyte phenotype, attenuated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and MMP, and promoted the expression of antifibrotic growth factor, TGFβ3.

Conclusion

Compared with A-CTM and B-CTM, I-CTM interacted more favorably with human tenocytes in vitro. I-CTM supported tenocyte proliferation with reduced de-differentiation and attenuation of the inflammatory response, suggesting that I-CTM may support tendon healing and regeneration in vivo.
Chemoenzymatic conversion of glycerol to lactic acid and glycolic acid
Authors: Ma Yue , Li Tianzhen , Tan Zijian , Ma Long , Liu Haifeng , Zhu Leilei
Published: July 2022

Catalytic valorization of raw glycerol derived from biodiesel into high-value chemicals has attracted great attention. Here, we report chemoenzymatic cascade reactions that convert glycerol to lactic acid and glycolic acid. In the enzymatic step, a coenzyme recycling system was developed to convert glycerol into 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) with a yield of 92.3% in potassium phosphate buffer (300 mM, pH 7.1) containing 100 mM glycerol, 2 mM NAD+, 242 U/mL glycerol dehydrogenase-GldA and NADH oxidase-SpNoxK184R at 30 °C. Subsequently, NaOH or NaClO2 catalyzes the formation of lactic acid and glycolic acid from DHA. The high yield of lactic acid (72.3%) and glycolic acid (78.2%) verify the benefit of the chemoenzymatic approaches.

Graphical Abstract
Genome sequencing of biocontrol strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bam1 and further analysis of its heavy metal resistance mechanism
Authors: Luo Yuanchan , Chen Lei , Lu Zhibo , Zhang Weijian , Liu Wentong , Chen Yuwei , Wang Xinran , Du Wei , Luo Jinyan , Wu Hui
Published: July 2022

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or Biocontrol strains inevitably encounter heavy metal excess stress during the product’s processing and application. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bam1 was a potential biocontrol strain with strong heavy metal resistant ability. To understand its heavy metal resistance mechanism, the complete genome of Bam1 had been sequenced, and the comparative genomic analysis of Bam1 and FZB42, an industrialized PGPR and biocontrol strain with relatively lower heavy metal tolerance, was conducted. The comparative genomic analysis of Bam1 and the other nine B. amyloliquefaciens strains as well as one Bacillus velezensis (genetically and physiologically very close to B. amyloliquefaciens) was also performed. Our results showed that the complete genome size of Bam1 was 3.95 Mb, 4219 coding sequences were predicted, and it possessed the highest number of unique genes among the eleven analyzed strains. Nine genes related to heavy metal resistance were detected within the twelve DNA islands of Bam1, while only two of them were detected within the seventeen DNA islands of FZB42. When compared with B. amyloliquefaciens type strain DSM7, Bam1 lacked contig L, whereas FZB42 lacked contig D and I, as well as just possessed contig B with a very small size. Our results could also deduce that Bam1 promoted its essential heavy metal resistance mainly by decreasing the import and increasing the export of heavy metals with the corresponding homeostasis systems, which are regulated by different metalloregulators. While Bam1 promoted its non-essential heavy metal resistance mainly by the activation of some specific or non-specific exporters responding to different heavy metals. The variation of the genes related to heavy metal resistance and the other differences of the genomes, including the different number and arrangement of contigs, as well as the number of the heavy metal resistant genes in Prophages and Genomic islands, led to the significant different resistance of Bam1 and FZB42 to heavy metals.

Graphical Abstract
Axillary schwannoma mimicking lymph node metastasis-associated breast cancer: a case report
Authors: Kumagai Hideki , Takehana Kou , Shioi Yoshihiro , Tono Chihiro
Published: July 2022

Background

Axillary schwannoma associated with breast cancer is an extremely rare disease, and previous reports have been limited. In this setting, there is great concern about whether a tumor in the axillary region is lymph node metastasis. Herein, we report a unique case of axillary schwannoma that mimicked lymph node metastasis associated with breast cancer.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old woman who underwent mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection for right breast cancer over 20 years ago presented to our hospital with numbness and weakness in the right arm for 6 months. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a 20-mm well-circumscribed round tumor in the right axillary region. Initially, she was suspected of having lymph node metastasis-associated breast cancer, but the result of the core needle biopsy was a schwannoma. The patient underwent tumor enucleation. The patient has had no recurrence 1 year after the operation.

Conclusion

Axillary schwannomas often mimic lymph node metastasis in patients with a history of malignancy, particularly breast cancer. To select the optimal treatment, the clinicians should make as accurately as possible a diagnosis, with histopathological examinations, when examining patients with cancer who develop tumors in the axillary region.
Delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 who developed gangrenous cholecystitis: a case report
Authors: Yoshida Yurie , Iguchi Tomohiro , Iseda Norifumi , Hirose Kosuke , Honboh Takuya , Iwasaki Noriko , Kato Seiya , Sadanaga Noriaki , Matsuura Hiroshi
Published: July 2022

Background

Gangrenous cholecystitis has a high risk of perforation and sepsis; therefore, cholecystectomy in the early stage of the disease is recommended. However, during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the management of emergent surgeries changed to avoid contagion exposure among medical workers and poor postoperative outcomes.

Case presentation

A 56-year-old man presented to our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed intraluminal membranes, an irregular or absent wall, and an abscess of the gallbladder, indicating acute gangrenous cholecystitis. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy seemed to be indicated; however, a COVID-19 antigen test was positive despite no obvious pneumonia on chest computed tomography and no symptoms. After discussion among the multidisciplinary team, antibiotic therapy was started and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) was planned for the following day because the patient’s vital signs were stable and his abdominal pain was localized. Fortunately, the antibiotic therapy was very effective, and PTGBD was not needed. The cholecystitis improved and the patient was discharged from the hospital on day 10. One month later, laparoscopic delayed cholecystectomy was performed after confirming a negative COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test result. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 2 in satisfactory condition.

Conclusion

We have reported a case of acute gangrenous cholecystitis in a patient with asymptomatic COVID-19 disease. This report can help to determine treatment strategies for patients with gangrenous cholecystitis during future pandemics.
Magnitude and factors associated with iron supplementation among pregnant women in Southern and Eastern Regions of Ethiopia: Further Analysis of mini demographic and health survey 2019
Authors: Mengistu Girma Teferi , Mengistu Bizunesh Kefale , Gudeta Tolesa Gemeda , Terefe Ayana Benti , Habtewold Fedhesa Mamo , Senbeta Mebratu Demissie , Sori Seboka Abebe , Jiru Hirut Dinku
Published: July 2022

Background

Anemia is a global public health problem that affects pregnant women. The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency which is extremely common in developing countries. World health organization reported that 36.5% of pregnant women are anemic globally. In Ethiopia, 27.08% of women of the reproductive age group are anemic. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the magnitude and factors associated with iron supplementation during pregnancy in the southern and eastern regions of Ethiopia.

Methods

The data used in this analysis were extracted from Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019. The survey was conducted in 9 regional states and two city administrations. The data used in the analysis were extracted from individual women datasets, and 1780 study participants were included in this study. The logistic regression analysis including bivariate and multivariable logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval and a p-value less than 0.05 was used.

Result

The finding of the study shows that iron supplementation during pregnancy in Southern and Eastern parts of Ethiopia was 50.06%. Among those who received iron, only about 20% took it for 90 days and more during their pregnancy. Iron supplementation among the pregnant women was affected by secondary education [AOR = 2.20, 95%CI (1.325, 3.638)], residing in urban [AOR = 1.75, 95%CI (1.192, 2.574)], having media at home [AOR = 1.41, 95%CI (1.022, 1.946)], having antenatal care follow up [AOR = 9.27, 95%CI (4.727, 18.169)], having 4 and more ANC follow up [AOR = 2.01, 95%CI (1.468,2.760], having antenatal care follow up at government health institutions [AOR = 3.40, 95%CI (1.934, 5.982)], and giving birth at governmental health institutions [AOR = 1.70, 95%CI (1.236, 2.336)].

Conclusion

Only one in two pregnant women was supplemented with iron during their recent pregnancy. The supplementation was affected by women's education, place of residence, presence of media at home, antenatal care follow-up, the number of antenatal care follow up, antenatal care follows up at governmental health institutions, and giving birth at the governmental health institution. The availability and accessibility of maternal care services and their functionality in providing maternal care services improve the supplementation.
UHPLC assessment of embelin in specialized mangrove plant Aegiceras corniculatum (L) Blanco
Authors: Mohapatra Manisha , Basak Uday Chand
Published: July 2022

Background

Embelin is one of the biologically charming natural benzoquinones with wide medicament use in therapeutics that is pertained to its unique biochemical structure. Mostly, the plants belonging to Myrsinaceae family especially the fruits of genusEmbeliaare rich source of embelin. However, the colossal use of these plants as an active ingredient in several drug formulations has led toward their decrease population number increasing the threat status. This major issue requires a well-versed scientific approach to search for suitable alternative substitute that can be used as an active embelin source. On this panorama,Aegiceras corniculatum(L.) Blanco can be used as alternate source of embelin. On this aspect, all the plant parts (root, stem bark, leaf and fruit) are being estimated for embelin content both qualitatively and quantitatively using spectrophotometric and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic (UHPLC) methods and also asserted through histochemical analysis. All the aforesaid plant parts are extracted through Soxhlet and water bath methods separately and analyzed for embelin content after isolation through column chromatography and thin layer chromatography.

Results

From results, it was evaluated that all plant parts showed the presence of embelin in a range of 0.17–1.95% dry wt. through UHPLC method, while the highest content was found in fruit followed by root, bark and leaves. The retention time for embelin was found to be 2.7 min.

Conclusions

From the above experimentation, both vegetative and reproductive parts ofA. corniculatumhave shown the presence of embelin that can be utilized in ample amount so as to reduce the threat status of its primary source.
Impacts of the transition from family farming to monoculture farming on the eating habits of two cities in the Valle de Tenza, Boyacá—Colombia
Authors: Zambrano Jennifer Lorena Avendaño , da Cruz Denise Dias , de Oliveira Paulino Flavia
Published: July 2022

The Valle de Tenza region, located in the Department of Boyacá—Colombia, shows a transition situation from the family farming of various food crops to coffee farming following an agribusiness model. From this perspective, in order to understand the current scenario of food sovereignty in Guateque and Guayatá, two cities of the Valle de Tenza, this study evaluated socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural aspects based on questionnaires and semi-structured interviews applied to peasant families that practice family farming and/or coffee farming. Moreover, these same aspects were also evaluated among urban food consumers. These evaluations aimed to assess the perception of the interviewees about the availability of regional food crops and current eating habits in relation to those from a decade or more ago, in addition to investigating their knowledge about the traditional cuisine of the region. The cultivation of regional food crops used to prepare local and regional traditional dishes such aspiquete,sancocho, and differentamasijosbased on corn andsagú(Maranta arundinacea) has been significantly reduced. The investigation revealed changes in the eating habits of the Valle de Tenza inhabitants due to the consumption of processed foods and the reduced cultivation of local traditional food crops. As a consequence of this transition to coffee production, the most representative traditional foods are being replaced by more profitable crops, including coffee and some fruits not traditionally grown in the Valle de Tenza and with more local and regional acceptance. This reduction can affect food availability and change the gastronomic and cultural identity of the Valle de Tenza population, among other aspects related to food sovereignty.
Automatic detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children using structural magnetic resonance imaging with machine vision system
Authors: Khadem-Reza Zahra Khandan , Zare Hoda
Published: July 2022

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental disorders of the nervous system whose main manifestations are defects in social interactions, communication, repetitive behaviors, and limited interests. Over the years, the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help identify patterns that are common in people with autism has increased for classification purposes. This study propose a method for classifying ASD patients versus controls using structural MRI information. In order to increase the accuracy of this method, the volume and surface features of the structural images are used simultaneously.

Results

The accuracy of diagnosis respectively was 86.29%, 71.15%, 86.53%, and 88.46% with SVM, RF, KNN, and ANN classifiers. The highest accuracy of diagnosis was obtained using ANN.

Conclusions

Since clinical evaluations for the diagnosis of autism are extremely time-consuming and depend on the expertise of a specialist, the importance of intelligent diagnosis of this disorder becomes clear. The aim of this study was to design an intelligent system to diagnose autism spectrum disorder.
Correlation between tumor diameter, distant metastasis site, and survival in extensive stage small cell lung cancer
Authors: Cimen Filiz , Düzgün Sevim , Aloglu Melike , Sentürk Aysegül , Atikcan Sükran
Published: July 2022

Background

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignant disease that spreads quickly. There is limited research on the relationship between tumor diameter and distant metastatic patterns in extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between tumor diameter, distant metastasis site, and survival in extensive stage small cell lung cancer.

Method

Patients over the age of 18 who applied to Ankara Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital with the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer and distant organ metastasis between January 2015 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results

The study comprised a total of 178 patients, with 12 women (6.7%) and 166 men (93.3%) participating. The patient was followed for a period of 1 to 36 months, with a median value of 7 months. The univariate model showed that pancreatic metastasis, single metastasis, tumor diameter, and tumor N stage had a significant (p = 0.003, p = 0.001, p = 0.013, p = 0.001, respectively) effect on survival. The N stage III group’s expected life expectancy [6.8 months (5.8–7.7)] was considerably (p = 0.000) lower than the N stage I–II groups [11.2 months (8.8–13.4)]. The predicted life expectancy for the group with pancreatic metastasis [4.1 months (2.6–5.5)] was significantly (p = 0.001) shorter than that of the group without pancreatic metastasis [8.9 months (7.6–10.1)]. The predicted life expectancy for the group with tumor size > 7 cm [6.7 months (5.4–8.0)] was significantly shorter than that of the group with tumor size of 0–3 cm [10.9 months (7.3–14.6)] (p = 0.019) and 3–7 cm [9.2 months (7.5–11)] (p = 0.023).

Conclusion

The authors of this study found that pancreatic metastasis, single metastasis, tumor diameter, and tumor N stage can be used as independent predictive factors for the survival of SCLC patients.
Role of cholesterol, lipoproteins, and neutrophilic-lymphocytic ratio in patients with pneumonia
Authors: Abd El-Aaty Hesham E. , El-Mahallawy Ibrahim I. , Abd Elmaksoud Fatma G. , Abdelaal Gehan A.
Published: July 2022

Background

Lipids play numerous functions in lung biology and pathophysiology of infection, in addition to their role in lipid transport, lipoproteins share in innate immunity that is the most important way for the host to defend against microbes. The NLR (neutrophil-lymphocytic ratio) is a good indicator of systemic inflammation and infection.

Objective

To evaluate the role of cholesterol, lipoproteins, and neutrophilic-lymphocytic ratio in the assessment of patients with pneumonia.

Patients and methods

This prospective case–control study included 52 subjects; they were categorized into 2 groups. Group A included 42 patients with pneumonia admitted to the Chest Department,Menoufia University, and group B included 10 healthy people during the period from May 2019 to December 2019. History taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigation in the form of CBC and lipid profile, and radiological investigation in the form of CXR and CT chest if needed were done to all subjects of the study.

Results

The mean cholesterol level in group A was 149.76 ± 42.79 which was statistically significantly lower as compared with group B (165.90 ± 45.50) (p = 0.039). The mean HDL level in group A was 43.16 ± 6.32 which was statistically significantly lower as compared with group B (50.51 ± 9.60) (p = 0.026). No statistically significant difference was found in the triglyceride level, LDL level and VLDL between the subjects in the two studied groups (p = 0.479, 0.792, and 0.606), respectively, but all levels were still within normal levels. Mean NLR in group A was 7.04 ± 7.98 which was statistically significantly higher as compared with group B (3.04 ± 1.6) (p = 0.004). Roc curve of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio shows that the cutoff point is 1.94 and the N/L ratio had area under curve of 78% with 79.6% sensitivity and 67.8% specificity.

Conclusion

Serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein levels significantly decreased in patients with pneumonia when compared to the control group but were still within normal range. Lipid profile is affected by different variables like smoking index, body mass index, and sex. The neutrophil–lymphocyte at cutoff point is 1.94, and N/L ratio had area under curve of 78% with 79.6% sensitivity and 67.8% specificity.

Trial registration

TCTR, TCTR20220524001. Registered on 24 May 2022, retrospectively registered.
Children in foster care with symptoms of reactive attachment disorder: feasibility randomised controlled trial of a modified video-feedback parenting intervention
Authors: Oliveira Paula , Barge Lydia , Stevens Eloise , Byford Sarah , Shearer James , Spies Ruan , Comyn Julie , Langley Kirsty , Ramchandani Paul , Wright Barry , Woolgar Matt , Kennedy Eilis , Scott Stephen , Barlow Jane , Glaser Danya , Senior Rob , Fonagy Peter , Fearon Pasco
Published: July 2022

Background

Looked-after children are at risk of suboptimal attachment patterns and reactive attachment disorder (RAD). However, access to interventions varies widely, and there are no evidence-based interventions for RAD.

Aims

To modify an existing parenting intervention for children with RAD in the UK foster care setting, and test the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the modified intervention.

Method

The intervention was modified with expert input and tested on a case series. A feasibility and pilot RCT compared the new intervention with usual care. Foster carers and children in their care aged ≤6 years were recruited across nine local authorities, with 1:1 allocation and blind post-treatment assessments. The modified intervention was delivered in-home by trained mental health professionals over 4–6 months. Children were assessed for RAD symptoms, attachment quality and emotional/behavioural difficulties, and foster carers were assessed for sensitivity and stress.

Results

Minimal changes to the intervention programme were necessary, and focused on improving its suitability for the UK foster care context. Recruitment was challenging, and remained below target despite modifications to the protocol and the inclusion of additional sites. Thirty families were recruited to the RCT; 15 were allocated to each group. Most other feasibility outcomes were favourable, particularly high numbers of data and treatment completeness. The revised intervention was positively received by practitioners and foster carers.

Conclusions

A large-scale trial may be feasible, but only if recruitment barriers can be overcome. Dedicated resources to support recruitment within local authorities and wider inclusion criteria are recommended.
Sex-specific factors associated with lifetime suicide attempt among patients with alcohol use disorders
Authors: Pandey Susmita , Bolstad Ingeborg , Lien Lars , Walby Fredrik A. , Myhre Martin Øverlien , Bramness Jørgen G.
Published: July 2022

Background

Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are at high risk for suicide attempts. Mental health problems along with AUD-related factors may contribute to this increased risk. Studies have shown sex differences in rates and correlates of suicide attempts.

Aims

The purpose of the study was to examine mental-health-related and AUD-related factors associated with suicide attempt separately in female and male AUD patients.

Method

We collected information about lifetime suicide attempt and mental-health- and AUD-related factors for AUD in-patients (n= 114; 32 females) receiving rehabilitative treatment.

Results

The prevalence of lifetime suicide attempt was 27%, and the rate was similar in both sexes. Among females, current depressive symptoms and current post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis were associated with suicide attempt. In male AUD patients, among the mental-health-related factors, lifetime major depression, panic disorder, social phobia, childhood sexual abuse and antisocial personality disorder were associated with suicide attempt. In addition, AUD-related factors including longer duration of drinking, history of delirium tremens, greater severity of AUD and lower levels of prolactin were associated with suicide attempt in males.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that suicide attempts in female AUD patients were more mental-health-related, whereas those in males were also related to the severity of AUD. This suggests that a suicide prevention programme for AUD patients would benefit from a sex-based understanding of the risk factors.
Venetoclax Plus Gilteritinib for FLT3-Mutated Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Daver Naval , Perl Alexander E. , Maly Joseph , Levis Mark , Ritchie Ellen , Litzow Mark , McCloskey James , Smith Catherine C. , Schiller Gary , Bradley Terrence , Tiu Ramon V. , Naqvi Kiran , Dail Monique , Brackman Deanna , Siddani Satya , Wang Jing , Chyla Brenda , Lee Paul , Altman Jessica K.
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE

The FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor gilteritinib is standard therapy for relapsed/refractory FLT3-mutated ( FLT3 mut) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but seldom reduces FLT3 mut burden or induces sustained efficacy. Gilteritinib combines synergistically with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in preclinical models of FLT3 mut AML.

METHODS

This phase Ib open-label, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03625505 ) enrolled patients with FLT3 wild-type and FLT3 mut (escalation) or FLT3 mut (expansion) relapsed/refractory AML. Patients received 400 mg oral venetoclax once daily and 80 mg or 120 mg oral gilteritinib once daily. The primary objectives were safety, identification of the recommended phase II dose, and the modified composite complete response (mCRc) rate (complete response [CR] + CR with incomplete blood count recovery + CR with incomplete platelet recovery + morphologic leukemia-free state) using ADMIRAL phase III–defined response criteria.

RESULTS

Sixty-one patients were enrolled (n = 56 FLT3 mut); 64% (n = 36 of 56) of FLT3 mut patients had received prior FLT3 inhibitor therapy. The recommended phase II dose was 400 mg venetoclax once daily and 120 mg gilteritinib once daily. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were cytopenias (n = 49; 80%). Adverse events prompted venetoclax and gilteritinib dose interruptions in 51% and 48%, respectively. The mCRc rate for FLT3 mut patients was 75% (CR, 18%; CR with incomplete blood count recovery, 4%; CR with incomplete platelet recovery, 18%; and morphologic leukemia-free state, 36%) and was similar among patients with or without prior FLT3 inhibitor therapy (80% v 67%, respectively). The median follow-up was 17.5 months. The median time to response was 0.9 months, and the median remission duration was 4.9 months (95% CI, 3.4 to 6.6). FLT3 molecular response (< 10−2) was achieved in 60% of evaluable mCRc patients (n = 15 of 25). The median overall survival for FLT3 mut patients was 10.0 months.

CONCLUSION

The combination of venetoclax and gilteritinib was associated with high mCRc and FLT3 molecular response rates regardless of prior FLT3 inhibitor exposure. Dose interruptions were needed to mitigate myelosuppression.
Απεικονίσεις των αιρετικών στη Βυζαντινή τέχνη
Authors: Σιώπης Ιωάννης
Published: July 2022

Αντικείμενο της διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η έρευνα των απεικονίσεων των αιρετικών στο σύνολο της Βυζαντινής και Μεταβυζαντινής τέχνης. Στόχοι της είναι η τυπολογική και η μορφολογική μελέτη των απεικονίσεων των αιρετικών, η ερμηνεία του εικονολογικού τους πλαισίου σε συνάφεια με τα ιστορικά, δογματικά, κοινωνικά και αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα της κάθε περιόδου και η εξαγωγή των αναλυτικών ερευνητικών συμπερασμάτων. Στο εισαγωγικό, πρώτο μέρος παρουσιάζονται η ιστορία της έρευνας, όπως και η διάρθρωση και μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση της διατριβής. Στο δεύτερο μέρος πραγματοποιείται μια γενική θεώρηση της αίρεσης ως φαινόμενο. Στο τρίτο εκτενές μέρος παρουσιάζεται η εικονογραφική τυπολογία των αιρετικών, όπως απεικονίζονται σε διάφορα θέματα της βυζαντινής και μεταβυζαντινής τέχνης. Στο τέταρτο μέρος εκτίθενται οι αναλυτικές ερμηνευτικές προσεγγίσεις – συμπεράσματα των απεικονίσεων των αιρετικών. Το κείμενο της διατριβής ολοκληρώνεται με τη σύνοψη των συμπερασμάτων. Ακολουθεί η βιβλιογραφία, ο κατάλογος εικόνων και οι εικόνες, ενώ η διατριβή κλείνει με τους πίνακες συχνοτήτων.
Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen?
Authors: Pintaningrum Yusra , Yusuf Ricky Setiadi , Ramdani Baiq Hanida Aolia , Putri Shadiqa Rana , Wulandari Dwi Astuti
Published: July 2022

Background

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a common disease. Smoking may increase the risk of ACS. The most advantageous therapy is percutaneous coronary intervention. This therapy may fail which is no-reflow phenomenon as the result.

Total occlusion may increase the risk of no-reflow phenomenon which it could be worse with smoking as the habits. ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may show in electrocardiogram (ECG).

Case description

A 37-year-old male came to the hospital with chest pain as the main complaint. ECG examination showed that there was wide anterior STEMI. Coronary angiography was then done and confirmed that there was total occlusion in left anterior descending artery. After two days hospitalization, the patient developed to cardiogenic shock and lead to acute decompensated heart failure. An ECG showed there was STEMI anterior after primary PCI.

Discussion

Many chemicals agent contain in cigarette smoking and it may induce the lipid oxidation which leads to plaque deposits. Plaque that deposits in coronary artery may rupture and make thrombus occlusion. This occlusion may partial or total, when there is total occlusion, STEMI was the result. Then, releasing the occlusion is needed for this situation ant PCI may be chosen as the therapy. Patient with wide ischemia may result the no-reflow phenomenon which may lead to heart failure and shock cardiogenic as the complication.

Conclusion

Smoking may induce ACS which leads to STEMI and may increase the failure of PCI therapy. No-reflow phenomenon is the evidence of miscarriage in therapy which it may increase because of smoking.
Deep tissue injury as possible pathogenesis of acute inflammatory swelling or cellulitis after connecting implant super-structures: a case series study
Authors: Jo Deuk-Won , Kim Young-Kyun , Kim Mijoo , Yi Yang-Jin
Published: July 2022

Background: Acute swelling or cellulitis may develop within a few days after placing a definitive prosthesis or reconnecting a loose healing abutment/prosthesis, though its cause remains unclear. In this study, we propose a mechanism for the underlying pathogenesis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the symptoms and signs, onset of symptoms, recovery duration, and laboratory data of seven women and two men (55–84 years) who exhibited acute swelling and pain around dental implants within a month of connecting definitive prosthesis or reconnecting a loose healing abutment/prosthesis between 2013 and 2021.

Results: The extent of the swelling varied from the gingiva and vestibule around the implant to the face and neck regions. The swelling persisted despite removal of the connected superstructure. All patients recovered within three weeks of symptom onset.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the rapid onset of symptoms and signs, progress, duration, and etiology were consistent with the pathogenesis of deep tissue injury, which is characterized by acute inflammatory swelling that initiates from the interface between bone and subcutaneous tissue and progresses outward. Clinicians should be aware of the pathogenesis of pressure-induced injury and provide adequate treatment based on the underlying physiological process.
Micro-shear bond strength of different surface treatments on a polymer infiltrated ceramic network
Authors: Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin , Norberto Calvo Ramírez Juan , Fernanda Méndez Mendieta Luisa , Sari Amanda Andika , Pawar Ajinkya M. , Cruz González Alberto Carlos
Published: July 2022

Background: Polymer infiltrated ceramic networks, or hybrid ceramics, are a combination of infiltrating polymerizable organic monomers into a pre-sintered porous ceramic matrix. In addition to having good mechanical properties, the polymer infiltrated ceramic network must comply with the possibility of adequate bonding to the resinous cement. The surface conditioning of this hybrid material must be carefully considered due to its organic composition and ceramic network. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of hydrofluoric acid and a self-etching ceramic primer, under two different application times, on the bond strength of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network.

Methods: Blocks of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network were cut to obtain sheets, and these were randomized into five groups. For the group termed AAS, airborne-particle abrasion with Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) of 50µm was used. For groups HF2 and HF6, hydrofluoric acid was used for 20 and 60 seconds respectively, and for the groups MB2 and MB6, a self-etch ceramic primer was applied for 20 and 60 seconds respectively. A silane was applied to the groups AAS, HF2, and HF6 after the treatment. After 24-hour storage in distilled water, a micro-shear bond strength test was performed using a universal mechanical testing machine. All samples were evaluated in a stereomicroscope at 40x and 50x to determine the type of failure.

Results: The highest and lowest values of bond strength were reported by groups MB6 and AAS, respectively. Groups HF2, HF6, MB6, and MB2 did not report statistically significant differences. The predominant failure pattern was a mixed failure.

Conclusions: With the limitations of the present investigation, the treatments of self-etching ceramic primer and hydrofluoric acid followed by silane were reported to be statistically equal at 20 and 60 seconds.
The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) network nested case-cohort study protocol: a multi-omics approach to understanding mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
Authors: Njunge James M. , Tickell Kirkby , Diallo Abdoulaye Hama , Sayeem Bin Shahid Abu Sadat Mohammad , Gazi Md. Amran , Saleem Ali , Kazi Zaubina , Ali Syed , Tigoi Caroline , Mupere Ezekiel , Lancioni Christina L. , Yoshioka Emily , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Mburu Moses , Ngari Moses , Ngao Narshion , Gichuki Bonface , Omer Elisha , Gumbi Wilson , Singa Benson , Bandsma Robert , Ahmed Tahmeed , Voskuijl Wieger , Williams Thomas N. , Macharia Alex , Makale Johnstone , Mitchel Anna , Williams Jessica , Gogain Joe , Janjic Nebojsa , Mandal Rupasri , Wishart David S. , Wu Hang , Xia Lei , Routledge Michael , Gong Yun Yun , Espinosa Camilo , Aghaeepour Nima , Liu Jie , Houpt Eric , Lawley Trevor D. , Browne Hilary , Shao Yan , Rwigi Doreen , Kariuki Kevin , Kaburu Timothy , Uhlig Holm H. , Gartner Lisa , Jones Kelsey , Koulman Albert , Walson Judd , Berkley James
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Many acutely ill children in low- and middle-income settings have a high risk of mortality both during and after hospitalisation despite guideline-based care. Understanding the biological mechanisms underpinning mortality may suggest optimal pathways to target for interventions to further reduce mortality. The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition (CHAIN) Network (www.chainnnetwork.org) Nested Case-Cohort Study (CNCC) aims to investigate biological mechanisms leading to inpatient and post-discharge mortality through an integrated multi-omic approach.

Methods and analysis; The CNCC comprises a subset of participants from the CHAIN cohort (1278/3101 hospitalised participants, including 350 children who died and 658 survivors, and 270/1140 well community children of similar age and household location) from nine sites in six countries across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Systemic proteome, metabolome, lipidome, lipopolysaccharides, haemoglobin variants, toxins, pathogens, intestinal microbiome and biomarkers of enteropathy will be determined. Computational systems biology analysis will include machine learning and multivariate predictive modelling with stacked generalization approaches accounting for the different characteristics of each biological modality. This systems approach is anticipated to yield mechanistic insights, show interactions and behaviours of the components of biological entities, and help develop interventions to reduce mortality among acutely ill children.

Ethics and dissemination. The CHAIN Network cohort and CNCC was approved by institutional review boards of all partner sites. Results will be published in open access, peer reviewed scientific journals and presented to academic and policy stakeholders. Data will be made publicly available, including uploading to recognised omics databases.

Trial registration NCT03208725.
Knowledge and risk assessment of depression among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Charzyńska-Gula Marianna , Sabat Aneta , Ślusarska Barbara , Maciaszczyk Paweł , Rożek Grażyna
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Depression, perceived in terms of a health problem, is a disorder that spreads dynamically in the youth population. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge and the risk of depression in the environment of a selected group of young people in the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and methods: The study group consisted of 100 people - school students aged 15-20 years. An original questionnaire and the Kutcher Depression Scale for Youth were used. Results: The level of knowledge of adolescents about the risk factors for depression and symptoms that may indicate depression is average. Young people acquire knowledge from the Internet (41%) and TV programs (16%). Symptoms of depression were more frequent in: older participants of the study, those who assessed their financial situation as low, and students who had experience of depression in their family. The study revealed symptoms of depression in 22% of people. The severity of depression symptoms differed with age, self-esteem and family experience of depression.

Conclusions: The obtained results constitute the basis for undertaking urgent preventive measures - both in the educational and psychotherapeutic sphere.
Local Interactions in Times of Peace and Times of Crisis.
Authors: Flachenecker Helmut
Published: July 2022

The crucial question for this exploration is: how could ordinary citizens (Gemeine), who had no chance of becoming members of the city-council, be incorporated into a common decision-making-process in the Late Middle Ages? In the background of this specific research-question lie the fundamental criteria for the ideal of urban peace and common good (gemein Gut) as an ideal vision of community. The following examples are primarily from Franconia, an area which had neither a unifying territory nor a supreme ruler. Instead, it was dominated by a multitude of different secular and spiritual rulers with many castles, monasteries and towns/citie.
The town’s community was organized into neighborhoods, suburbs, quarters. Therefore, the quartermasters (Viertelsmeister) played an important role as speaker or representatives of the quarters or suburbs. The variety of possible duties for quartermasters were enormous. The quartermasters as representatives of the quarter communities were, for example, questioned by the council when it came to socio-politically sensitive issues. Mentioning the quartermasters and the community during the Peasants War is not coincidental but tells us a lot about the crisis of confidence of the city council by the citizens. A few hints should demonstrate the political influence of quartermasters in Franconian cities and towns as an example for future comparable research projects.
Three Years, Two Papers, One Course Off: Optimal Nonmonetary Reward Policies
Authors: Gupta Shivam , Chen Wei , Dawande Milind , Janakiraman Ganesh
Published: July 2022

We consider a principal who periodically offers a fixed and costly nonmonetary reward to agents to incentivize them to invest effort over the long run. An agent’s output, as a function of his effort, is a priori uncertain and is worth a fixed per-unit value to the principal. The principal’s goal is to design an attractive reward policy that specifies how the rewards are to be given to an agent over time based on that agent’s past performance. This problem, which we denote by [Formula: see text], is motivated by practical examples from both academia (e.g., a reduced teaching load) and industry (e.g., “Supplier of the Year” awards). The following “limited-term” (LT) reward policy structure has been quite popular in practice. The principal evaluates each agent periodically; if an agent’s performance over a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate past exceeds a predefined threshold, then the principal rewards him for a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate future. When agents’ outputs are deterministic in their efforts, we show that there always exists an optimal policy that is an LT policy and also, obtain such a policy. When agents’ outputs are stochastic, we show that the class of LT policies may not contain any optimal policy of problem [Formula: see text] but is guaranteed to contain policies that are arbitrarily near optimal. Given any [Formula: see text], we show how to obtain an LT policy whose performance is within ϵ of that of an optimal policy. This guarantee depends crucially on the use of sufficiently long histories of the agents’ outputs. We also analyze LT policies with short histories and derive structural insights on the role played by (i) the length of the available history and (ii) the variability in the random variable governing an agent’s output. We show that the average performance of these policies is within 5% of the optimum, justifying their popularity in practice. We then introduce and analyze the class of “score-based” reward policies; we show that this class is guaranteed to contain an optimal policy and also, obtain such a policy. Finally, we analyze a generalization in which the principal has a limited number for rewards in any given period and show that the class of score-based policies, with modifications to accommodate the limited availability of the rewards, continues to contain an optimal solution for the principal.

This paper was accepted by Jeannette Song, operations management.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4482 .
Hybrid Learning of Future Bachelor’s-Translators in Higher Education Institutions
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Perova Svitlana
Published: July 2022

Based on the modern approaches the article has identified the features of hybrid learning and has substantiated the benefits of its usage during force majeure in the country. The terms «blended learning» and «hybrid learning» are considered synonymous and are understood as learning when the online and life formats alternate each other with the same intensity. The main characteristics of hybrid training of future bachelors-translators have been highlighted: the simultaneous existence of old and new technologies; the focus on the modern educational environment; the replacement of the obsolete part of the traditional educational process with innovative methods and technologies; the efficiency of material development increase. The stages of hybrid education of future bachelors-translators have been described and the procedure of evaluating the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages of hybrid learning has been described on the example of the selective educational component «Fundamentals of Literary Translation». The results of the questionnaire on the satisfaction of the use of hybrid learning in the process of training students in the system of higher education have been analyzed. It has been established that hybrid learning that includes various components combined harmoniously and forms the holistic methodological system of education with the use of innovative technologies, is optimal in the current challenges facing our state.