bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penyaluran Zakat Produktif Melalui Program Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran Di Kampung Zakat Terpadu Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Mahfiyah Mahfiyah , Sofyan Andri Cahyono , Fawaid Achmad
Published: July 2024

This research aims to examine the concept of productive zakat distribution through the TPQ Darul Quran program and its impact on the community in the Integrated Zakat Village. The Integrated Zakat Village is the first Zakat Village in East Java which is located in a remote area in Jember Regency and the majority of residents in the Zakat Village area are underprivileged people.
This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection methods use interviews, observation and documentation. Determining informants using purposive techniques and data analysis in this research includes data reduction, data presentation, data condensation and drawing conclusions.
The results of this research show: 1) there are two types of concept for distributing zakat through TPQ Darul Quran in the Integrated Zakat Village, namely creative productive distribution and creative consumptive distribution. 2) The existence of the TPQ Darul Quran program is very beneficial for the people of Paceh Hamlet because many children can learn to recite the Quran as well as study religious knowledge for free. In fact, with the large number of children studying at TPQ, it is starting to stimulate the economy of the surrounding community because several people can sell around the TPQ.
Disasters and Religious Resilience in Indonesia: A Review
Authors: Nikmah Dzihni Durratun , Abdullah Muslich Rizal Maulana
Published: July 2024

Various disasters that occur in Indonesia are caused by several factors that can trigger casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and even adverse psychological impacts. The presence of such disasters causes pressure on disaster victims both from external and internal factors that can raise doubts or difficult situations that can threaten one's religious practice. This paper aims to show the role of religious communities towards disaster victims in Indonesia in order to increase the religious resilience of people affected by disasters. From the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that disaster victims in Indonesia will be able to go through the difficulties and pressures caused by disasters if they stick to religious practices and teachings socialized by religious communities. Religion teaches many important things concerning social benefit. Individuals and communities who feel pressure and sadness when faced with trials must hold fast to religious values in order to survive and find a way out of the complexity of the problem at hand.
HAK MEMILIH ALAT KONTRASEPSI PERSPEKTIF GENDER DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Ihsan Kms Al Fathur , Jamil Syahril , Wijaya Sandy
Published: July 2024

Using of the contraceptives in household cases between husband and wife is still a gender gap, as the impact of contraceptive use causes some repercussions for some womenFrom this background, the writer formulates the problem as follows: What are the obstacles in choosing contraceptives for married couples from a gender perspective?  What is the perspective of Islamic law on the right to choose contraceptives for married couples.
The research method is normative research. Data collection is carried out by a library process, namely through research originating from laws and regulations, books, official documents, publications, and research results, the data is analyzed descriptively qualitatively, then conclusions are drawn using the deductive method, namely drawing conclusions from general to specific.
The obstacle in choosing contraceptives was due to the inappropriate number of contraceptives for men and women, namely two versus five. Program policy makers were not yet gender sensitive and women did not have the power to decide contraceptive methods, resulting in dependence on husband's decisions.  The perspective of Islamic law on the right to choose contraception is permissible as long as it has the motivation to regulate the birth spacing in order to create a sakinah mawaddah warahmah family
Keywords: Keluarga Berencana, Contraceptive Devices, Islamic Law
STUDI PEMIKIRAN SITI MUSDAH MULIA TERHADAP TINDAK PEMUKULAN KEKERASAN RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI ALASAN TAHAPAN PERCERAIAN DALAM HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Meilano Donny
Published: July 2024

Problems arise between husband and wife who cannot fulfill their role in domestic relations, both behavior and attitudes to control themselves are difficult to implement, instead, divorce and occur when inequality, disharmony and strife between husband and wife can lead to acts of violence. This study uses a library research type of research method, obtained from secondary data sources. To obtain secondary legal sources, the legal source approach is used, namely primary, secondary and tertiary data. The data that has been obtained is processed and analyzed using deductive, inductive and qualitative descriptive methods.            The results of the analysis of this study in the Qur'an to overcome the actions of the wife who are nusyuz through the first three stages the husband must first advise the wife so that the wife is aware that her actions have violated the rules in the household, if this does not make the wife aware then the husband is recommended to do the second stage by separate beds so that the wife is aware that her actions have violated the rules, but if it does not work then it is permissible to hit with a note that it does not hurt, hitting with a part that does not harm his wife such as the calf. Meanwhile, Siti Musdah Mulia is of the opinion that she does not recommend beatings because it is feared that beatings can result in domestic violence if it occurs continuously and can reach the stage of divorce.
ANALISIS FIQH MUNAKAHAT TERHADAP PENUNDAAN PERNIKAHAN DI TENGAH WABAH CORONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019 DI KENTEN LAUT KECAMATAN TALANG KELAPA KABUPATEN BANYUASINN)
Authors: Anggraini Rini , Armasito Armasito
Published: July 2024

From the results of this study, it can be seen: The delay of marriage in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak in Kenten Laut Village, Talang Kelapa District, Banyuasin Regency was motivated by several things, namely a circular letter from the minister of religion, prospective husbands who were out of town, and wanted to hold a big reception. -magnitude. The postponement of marriage in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak in Kenten Laut Village, Talang Kelapa District, Banyuasin Regency, in Islamic law, the marriage law is Mubah. It is said to be permissible because to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus so that there is no process that can bring people together to hold a wedding reception, Islamic law teaches us to do better things than harm. The method used in this research is qualitative, while the type of research isfield research. While the data sources are divided into two, namely primary and secondary data. Furthermore, in data collection using interviews, literature and documentation and then analyzed usingmethods qualitative descriptive.
 
Keywords: Marriage, Delay, Fiqh Munakahat
Desa Wisata Penglipuran: Eksplorasi Unsur Yang Mendominasi Dalam Aspek Pariwisata Berkelanjutan Melalui Ulasan Online
Authors: Hutapea Fanny Magdalena , Ariella Jessica , Andari Rini , Khosihan Aan
Published: July 2024

English Abstract:
Indonesia with all its natural and cultural potential provides opportunities for the establishment of rural tourism. The application of sustainable tourism is needed to ensure that rural tourism can benefit the welfare of every aspect in an indefinite period. Tourists' perceptions are needed, which can be obtained through online reviews. The location used in this study is Penglipuran Village in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the most dominant aspects of sustainable tourism in Penglipuran Village, based on online reviews on the TripAdvisor. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach through content analysis techniques, which  described descriptively. The results showed that the dominant sustainable tourism aspect in Penglipuran Village is socio-cultural (49.1%). Thus, the aspects of sustainability that are considered the most dominating based on tourists' perceptions of sustainability in Penglipuran Village are the culture that is still preserved and the procedures or life of the village community.
Indonesian Abstract:
Indonesia dengan segala potensi alam dan budayanya memberikan peluang bagi terbentuknya pariwisata pedesaan. Penerapan pariwisata berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk memastikan bahwa pariwisata perdesaan dapat bermanfaat bagi kesejahteraan setiap aspek dalam jangka waktu yang tidak terbatas. Diperlukan persepsi wisatawan yang dapat diperoleh melalui ulasan online. Lokasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Desa Penglipuran yang berada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek-aspek yang paling dominan dalam pariwisata berkelanjutan di Desa Penglipuran, berdasarkan ulasan online di situs TripAdvisor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui teknik analisis konten, yang kemudian dijelaskan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek pariwisata berkelanjutan yang dominan di Desa Penglipuran adalah sosial budaya (49,1%). Dengan demikian, aspek keberlanjutan yang dianggap paling mendominasi berdasarkan persepsi wisatawan terhadap keberlanjutan di Desa Penglipuran adalah budaya yang masih dilestarikan dan tata cara atau kehidupan masyarakat desa.
The Rise of Cafes in Waduk Cengklik: Exploring the Implication for Locals
Authors: Musthafa Adel , Herawati Gayatri Ajeng
Published: July 2024

This research examines the rapid increase in the number of cafés around the Cengklik Reservoir and explores the implications for the local community. This research uses a qualitative survey method by collecting data from 10 interviews with local residents. The results showed some positive impacts for local residents. The findings show that although the proliferation of cafés has spurred local economic growth and created new jobs, it has also created some challenges such as the increased intensity of passing vehicles. The conclusion of this study is that the emergence of cafes around the Cengklik Reservoir has a positive impact on local residents covering three aspects: economic, environmental and socio-cultural.
Analisis Psikologi Kepribadian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel William Karya Risa Saraswati dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Alternatif Materi Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMA
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Akbar
Published: July 2024

Analisis kepribadian merupakan usaha untuk menguraikan dan mendeskripsikan kepribadian yang dilakukan sec ra sistematis. Tokoh utama memiliki daya tarik pada kepribadian yang pendiam, senang menyendiri, dan pemikiran yang melebihi anak seusianya. Keunikan kepribadian yang dimiliki terbentuk sebagai hasil perpaduan faktor keturunan dan lingkungan. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini, yaitu:(1)Bagaimana unsur intrinsik novel William meliputi tokoh,tema,dan latar; (2)bagaimana struktur kepribadian tokoh utama; (3)bagaimana pengaruh faktor keturunan dan lingkungan terhadap kepribadianutama; dan (4)pemanfaatan hasil penelitian sebagai alternatif pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA. Rancangan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskiptif dan didukung dengan pendekatan psikologi kepribadian Carl Gustav Jung. Hasil penelitian me unjukkan bahwa: (1)Tokoh, latar, dan tema menunjukkan bahwa unsur intrinsik saling berkaitan dan mendukung terbentuknya kepribadian tokoh utama; (2)struktur kepribadian berupa kesadaran dan ketidaksadaran menunjukkan tokoh utama memiliki sikap jiwa introvert, fungsi jiwa perasa, kompleks, dan arketipe yang terbentuk akibat adanya pengaruh faktor keturunan dan lingkungan; (3)faktor lingkungan sangat dominan dalam mempengaruhi struktur kepribadian tokoh dibanding dengan faktor keturunan; dan (4)guru diharapkan menggunakan hasil penelitian sebagai alternatif materi pembelajaran pada kurikulum dasar 3.9 menganalisis isi dan kebahasaan novel dan mampu melakukan pembahasan tentang materi: (1)unsur intrinsik berupa tokoh, tema, dan latar; (2)kepribadian tokoh meliputi struktur kepribadian; dan (3)faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya kepribadian berupa faktor keturunan dan lingkungan.
Fanon’s Postcolonial Critique of Hegelian Recognition and Buck-Morss’ Haiti Thesis
Authors: Brown Grant
Published: July 2024

This philosophical investigation interrogates the relationship between G.F.W. Hegel’s concept of the master-slave dialectic in The Phenomenology of Spirit and the critique and reformulation of it by Frantz Fanon in Black Skin, White Masks. As a means of contextualization and expansion of Hegel’s original textual account, I consider Susan Buck-Morss’ seminal defense through grounding the dialectic in Hegel’s possible historical knowledge of the Haitian Revolution. I conclude that despite a compelling picture, Buck-Morss’ insights are unable to fully vindicate Hegel from the rebukes of Fanon, and as a result, Hegel’s phenomenology necessitates a concrete analysis of the actual conscious experiences of the racialized and colonized subject in order to realize its aims.
Amorphigrist Illustrations
Authors: Memmott Talan
Published: July 2024

These illustrations were created to accompany David Gruber’s essay “Amorphigrist Ontology: An Exploratory Inquiry.”
Refreshed Tabula Rasa in the Age of Dematerialized Expansion of Trans-aesthetics
Authors: Kaushik Mayank Dutt
Published: July 2024

This research paper explores the intricate connections between dematerialization, the expanded field, and expanded cinema, drawing insights from cybernetics and trans-aesthetics. Its objective is to investigate the thematic and aesthetic concerns embedded within these concepts and their manifestation in Michelangelo Antonioni's trilogy: Blow-Up (1966), Zabriskie Point (1970), and The Passengers (1975). The study examines Antonioni's inquisition of reality, perception, and play-with images within the expanded field and his politics of dematerialization.
Perturbed FLRW Metric Explains the Difference in Measurements of the Hubble Constant
Authors: Belayev Wladimir
Published: July 2024

A cosmological model described by the perturbation metric is proposed, in which space is entrained by matter expanding as a result of the Big Bang. In the absence of an input of external energy and momentum, the solution of the Einstein equations assumes a pressure equal to zero and an accelerated expansion. The cosmological perturbation model explains the difference in measurements of the Hubble constant using gravitational lensing and a distance ladder.
Thermostable α-Amylases and Laccases: Paving the Way for Sustainable Industrial Applications.
Authors: Jaiswal Nivedita , Jaiswal Pundrik
Published: July 2024

The growing demand in industrial and biotechnological settings for more efficient enzymes with enhanced biochemical features, particularly thermostability and thermotolerance, necessitates a timely response. Renowned for their versatility, thermostable enzymes, offer significant promise across a range of applications, including agricultural, medicinal, and biotechnological domains. This comprehensive review summarizes the structural attributes, catalytic mechanisms, and the relationships between structure and function of two major classes of thermostable enzymes: α-amylases and laccases. These enzymes serve as valuable models for understanding the structural basis of protein thermostability. Commercial significance of these enzymes and researchers' interest in further optimization and innovation, this article can greatly contribute to ongoing research on thermostable enzymes and aiding industries in optimizing production processes. It also give insights to the exploration of suitable strategies and factors for enhancing thermostability, resulting in heightened multipronged stability and notable enhancements in the enzymes’ industrial applicability.
Experimental Visualization Study of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics in Closed-Loop Pulsating Heat Pipes Using Fe3O4/Water
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Borhan
Published: July 2024

This article discusses a focused study on visualizing the flow patterns in a two-phase pulsating heat pipe (PHP) using Fe3O4/water as the working fluid at 3 V/V% concentration. The research also aims to meticulously examine phase change phenomena in the heating section, particularly focusing on bubble formation and expansion processes. A high-speed video camera was utilized to capture dynamic insights into the behavior of the Fe3O4/water mixture. Based on the findings, a straightforward model was developed to explain bubble generation and growth in the mixture, serving as a useful reference for future PHP designs and optimizations. Visual observations also noted the stable nature of the Fe3O4/water nanofluid over a four-day period, confirming its consistency throughout the experiments. Moreover, the impact of heat load variation on the evaporator section was assessed using controlled heat inputs ranging from 10 to 80 Watts. Observations on the arrangement of slugs and plugs at a 50% filling ratio revealed interesting self-adjusting flow patterns in response to increasing heat inputs, providing valuable insights into PHP operational dynamics. Notably, the oscillatory flow behavior of Fe3O4/water, the chosen working fluid, exhibited greater activity in comparison to water. This distinctive flow behavior contributed to achieving heightened thermal performance efficiency for the Fe3O4/water system, attributed to its faster attainment of the annular flow condition.
Two Phases GC-LDPC Decoding Aided with Early Termination and Forced Convergece
Authors: Zhu Kun , Yang Hongwen
Published: July 2024

The fast decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) is crucial for its future applications. In this paper, we propose to use Early Termination (ET) and Force Convergence (FC) techniques to accelerate the decoding of two new local/global two-phases decoding algorithms to reduce the Globally Coupled (GC) LDPC codes. Specifically, ET is applied in the local decoding phase of two- phases decoding of GC-LDPC codes to skip the local decoding which is highly likely to fail and avoid the unnecessary iterations. FC is applied in global decoding phase where converged variable nodes are identified and removed from Tanner graph and the decoding can be speed up shrinking parity check matrices. Two variants are proposed for the ET operation in local decoding phase. ET-1 merely stops iteration if it meets the stopping criterion while in ET-1, the iteration number saved in local decoding is added up in global decoding to improve the decoding performance. The simulation results show that the ET-1-FC scheme can save up to 42% decoding time complexity in the low SNR region while keeping the error rate performance nearly unchanged, the ET-2-FC can improve the error rate performance by 0.18dB at bit error rate 0.001 or 0.23dB at frame error rate 0.1. In the waterfalling region of BER/FER curves, both schemes can save about 25% decoding time complexity.
Kinematic Analysis of 4 Bar Mechanisms Applying for Solar Tracking
Authors: Figueroa-Díaz Rafael Alfonso , Urías Francisco Guadalupe , Moreno-Romero Rafael , Ruiz-Ibarra Érica Cecilia , De la Cruz-Soto Javier
Published: July 2024

In the present investigation, the crank-slider and crank-rocker off-center mechanisms are used to control 1-DOF in a solar tracker focused on improving the conversion of solar to electrical energy. Likewise, the kinematic equations of these mechanisms are presented that allow us to know their operating pattern in the work range of the follower and their comparative analysis between them. Finally, the scale construction with 3D printing is shown to verify the functionality of each 4-bar system.
Market Potential of Applying Autonomous Vehicles in the Shared Mobility Market: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Tu Lin , Xu Min
Published: July 2024

The rapid growth of the sharing economy has propelled shared mobility to the forefront of attention. The continuous advancement of autonomous driving technology also brings new opportunities and challenges to the shared mobility market. This study comprehensively analyzes the market potential concerning autonomous vehicles (AVs) to provide shared mobility services, utilizing SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, and Porter’s Five Forces. The findings reveal that AVs can provide improved shared mobility services by increasing transportation safety, reducing emissions, reducing costs, enhancing traffic efficiency, and increasing customer satisfaction and the profitability of shared mobility services. However, challenges such as technological and policy uncertainties, safety concerns, high initial costs, inadequate public communication infrastructure, and the absence of standardized regulations can hinder the widespread adoption of AVs. The benefits are also restricted with a low market penetration rate of AVs. To promote AVs in the shared mobility market, this study also provides implications for AV stakeholders tailored to the evolving shared mobility market dynamics.
Servo Control of a Current-Controlled Attractive-Force Type Magnetic Levitation System Using Fractional Order LQR Control
Authors: Yoneda Ryo , Moriguchi Yuki , Kuroda Masaharu , Kawaguchi Natsuki
Published: July 2024

Recent research on fractional order control laws has introduced the fractional calculus concept into the field of control engineering. As described herein, we apply fractional order LQR control to a current-controlled attractive-force type magnetic levitation system, which is a strongly nonlinear and unstable system, to investigate its control performance through experimentation. First, to design the controller, a current-controlled attractive-force type magnetic levitation system expressed as an integer-order system is extended to a fractional order system expressed using fractional order derivatives. Then target value tracking control of levitated objects is achieved by adding states, described by the integrals of the deviation between the output and the target value, to the extended system. Next, a fractional order LQR controller is designed for the extended system. For state-feedback control such as fractional order servo LQR control, which requires information of all states, a fractional order state-observer is configured to estimate fractional order states. Simulation results demonstrate that fractional order servo LQR control can achieve equilibrium point stabilization and enable target-value tracking. Finally, to verify the fractional order servo LQR control effectiveness, experiments using the designed fractional order servo LQR control law are done with comparison to conventional integer-order servo LQR control.
Bacterial and Genetic Features of Raw Retail Pork Meat: Integrative Analysis of Antibiotic Susceptibility, Whole Genome Sequencing and Metagenomics
Authors: Lowe Michelle , Strasheim Wilhelmina , Chan Wai Yin , Perovic Olga
Published: July 2024

The global antibiotic resistance crisis, driven by antibiotic overuse and misuse, is multifaceted. This study aimed to assess the microbiological and genetic characteristics of raw retail pork meat, including the isolation, antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), whole genome sequencing (WGS) of selected indicator bacteria, antibiotic residue testing, and metagenomic sequencing. Samples were purchased from 10 randomly selected retail stores in Gauteng, South Africa. Samples were aseptically separated, with a portion sent to an external laboratory for isolating indicator bacteria and antibiotic residue testing. Identification of the isolated bacteria was reconfirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). AST was performed using the Microscan Walkaway system. WGS and metagenomic sequencing were performed using the Illumina NextSeq 550 instrument. The isolated E. coli and enterococci exhibited little phenotypic resistance, with WGS revealing tetracycline resistance genes. Isolated bacteria and meat samples all harboured tetracycline resistance genes, and the antibiotic residue concentrations were within acceptable limits for human consumption. In the metagenomic context, most identified bacteria were of food/meat spoilage and environmental origin, with the resistome analysis primarily indicating beta-lactam, tetracycline and multidrug resistance genes. Further research is needed to understand the broader implications of these findings on environmental health and antibiotic resistance.
NOMA-Empowered Technologies for Non-line of Sight Environments: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Al Ghafri Yasir , Asif Hafiz M. , Tarhuni Naser , Nadir Zia
Published: July 2024

Enhancing spectral efficiency, especially in Non-line-of-Sight environments, is emerging as a pivotal necessity when dealing with the evolving landscape of 5G networks and beyond, sur-passing the capabilities of previous 4G systems to achieve a high information rate combined with minimal interference. Contrary to depending on the traditional Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) systems to tackle the issues caused by Non-line-of-Sight (NLoS) environments, advanced wireless networks are focusing on adopting innovative models such as Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), MIMO, IRS technology, etc. In this paper, we present technologies that can be integrated with NOMA to enhance communication reliability in environments that suffer from issues such as limited coverage and lower spectral efficiency mainly caused by huge obstacles. Our exploration includes the fundamental concepts of Cooperative NOMA (C-NOMA), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Intelligent Reflective Surfaces (IRS), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and Energy Harvesting (HV), which adds a layer of sophistication, promising not only improved connectivity but also contributing to a more reliable and environmentally friendly data trans-mission landscape.
The Probability of Hospital Bankruptcy: A Stochastic Approach
Authors: Shanmugam Ram , Beauvais Brad , Dolezel Diane , Pradhan Rohit , Ramamonjiarivelo Zo
Published: July 2024

Healthcare leaders are faced with many financial challenges in the contemporary environment, leading to many bankruptcies in recent years. What is not well understood are the specific conditions that lead to organizational economic failure. Ideally, hospital leaders could examine the literature for guidance to predict bankruptcy before it occurs. However, existing regression methods have proven inadequate, especially when the finance variables follow a nonnormal frequency pattern. Furthermore, the regression approach encounters difficulties due to multicollinearity and nonnormality issues. Therefore, an alternate stochastic approach for predicting the probability of hospital bankruptcy is warranted. This new method includes computing and interpreting the correlations between the hospital’s revenue and expenses for bivariate lognormal data, calculating the risk of bankruptcy due to the mismatch between revenues and expenses, determining the likelihood of a hospital’s expense exceeding the state’s median expense level, and evaluating a hospital’s financial memory level. Ultimately in our research, we demonstrate a novel approach to anticipate hospital bankruptcy, which can be particularly useful for health policy analysts and hospital leaders in making informed financial decisions and proactively managing risks to ensure the sustainability and stability of their institutions.
Charge Phenomena in the Elastic Backscattering of Electrons from Insulating Polymers
Authors: Dapor Maurizio
Published: July 2024

Elastic peak electron spectroscopy, abbreviated EPES, involves ana- lyzing the line shape found in the elastic peak. The reduction in the energy of electrons of the elastic peak is a result of energy transfer to the target atoms, a phenomenon known as recoil energy. EPES differs from other electron spectroscopies in its unique ability to identify hydrogen in polymers and hydrogenated carbon-based materials. This feature is particularly noteworthy because lighter elements exhibit stronger energy shifts.
The energy difference between the positions of the elastic peak of carbon and the elastic peak of hydrogen tends to increase as the kinetic energy of the incident electrons increases.
If, during electron irradiation of an insulating polymer, the number of secondary electrons emitted by the surface is less than the number of electrons absorbed in the sample, the surface floats energetically until it stabilizes at a potential energy eVs. As a result, the interaction energy changes and modifies the energy difference between the elastic peaks of hydrogen and carbon.
In this study, the charge effects are evaluated using the Monte Carlo method to simulate the EPES spectra of electrons interacting with polystyrene and polyethylene.
Asymmetric Convolution Guided Multipath Fusion Real-Time Semantic Segmentation Networks
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhao Bing , Tian Ming
Published: July 2024

Aiming at the problems of inaccurate segmentation of long object and information loss of small object in real-time semantic segmentation algorithm, this paper proposes a lightweight multi-branch real-time semantic segmentation network based on BiseNetV2. The new auxiliary branch makes full use of spatial details and context information to cover the long object in the field of view. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the inference speed of the model, the asymmetric convolution is used in each stage of the auxiliary branch to design a structure with low computational complexity. In the multi-branch fusion stage, the alignment and fusion module is designed to provide guidance information for deep and shallow feature mapping, so as to make up for the problem of feature misalignment in the fusion of information at different scales, and thus reduce the loss of small target information. In order to further improve the model’s awareness of key information, a global context module is designed to capture the most important features in the input data. The proposed network uses NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3080 Laptop GPU experiment, on the road street view data set Cityscapes and CamVid average occurring simultaneously ratio reached 77.1% and 78.4% respectively, with running speed of 127 frames/s respectively and 112 frames/s. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve real-time segmentation and improve the accuracy significantly, showing good semantic segmentation performance
Chanting of Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo in the Context of the Buddhist Liturgy of Nichiren Shoshu: Study of Sound Frequencies, Brain Activity, and Microbial Metabolism
Authors: Ruggiero Marco
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the effects of chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo on sound frequencies, brain activity, and microbial metabolism. Spectral analysis of chanting revealed peaks at 8 Hz and 116 Hz, corresponding to the first Schumann resonance and a frequency linked to chloride ion movements, respectively. Additionally, five peaks corresponding to solfeggio frequencies were identified. These frequencies are known to exert a positive impact on the human endocrine and autonomous nervous systems; improve survival of human brain cells; decrease anxiety in rats; reverse cognitive and endocrine deficits in zebra fish; reduce total concentration of reactive oxidative species in brain tissue. Brain activity changes were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Prefrontal cortex activity increased modestly during chanting compared to a pre-chanting baseline, but significantly increased afterwards. This suggests a shift towards focused attention during chanting and enhanced activity afterward. The study also examines the effects of chanting on microbial metabolism. Cultures exposed to chanting, either directly or indirectly, showed increased metabolic activity. This suggests local and non-local effects, similar to previously reported phenomena. Importantly, the study clarifies that the spiritual practice of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism can't be reduced to mere neurophysiological mechanisms in the brain or any other part of the body. The religious and spiritual experience of practicing Buddhism and chanting Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo goes well beyond brain activity, neurotransmitters or quantum phenomena of consciousness. It encompasses a mystic dimension that, although not in contradiction with science, can’t be explained solely by science.
Simulating NVH Advances in Electric Vehicle Powertrains: Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Horváth Krisztián
Published: July 2024

The study examines the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) management of electric vehicle (EV) powertrains, considering the challenges of the automotive industry's transition to electric drivetrains. The growing popularity of EVs brings new NVH challenges, as the lack of internal combustion engine (ICE) noise makes drivetrain noise more prominent. Key to managing NVH in EV powertrains is understanding the noise from electric motors, inverters, and gear systems. Noise from electric motors, mainly resulting from electromagnetic forces, and high-frequency noise generated by inverters significantly impact overall NVH performance. The article details sources of mechanical noise and vibration, including gear defects in gear systems and shaft imbalances. Methods presented in the publication include simulation and modeling techniques that help identify and solve NVH difficulties. Tools like multi-body dynamics (MBD), finite element method (FEM), and multi-domain simulation are crucial for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems. With the support of simulations, engineers can predict noise and vibration challenges and develop effective solutions during the design phase. The study emphasizes the importance of a system-level approach in NVH management, where the entire drivetrain is modeled and analyzed together, not just individual components.
Generalized n-dimensional Effective Temperature for Cryogenic Systems in Accelerator Physics
Authors: Kim Heetae , Park Chang-Soo
Published: July 2024

Investigations into the properties of generalized effective temperature are conducted across arbitrary dimensions. Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is displayed for one, two, and three dimensions, with effective temperatures expressed for each dimension. The energy density of blackbody radiation is examined as a function of dimensionality. Effective temperatures for non-uniform temperature distributions in one, two, three, and higher dimensions are presented, with generalizations extended to arbitrary dimensions. Furthermore, the application of generalized effective temperature is explored not only for linearly non-uniform temperature distributions but also for scenarios involving the volume fraction of two distinct temperature distributions. Finally, the effective temperature is determined for a cryogenic system supplied with both liquid nitrogen and liquid helium.
A Constant Voltage WPT System for Implantable Neural Stimulators
Authors: Cao Zhiyang , Gui Shicong , Xu Chujia , Zhong Rui , Lin Zhaotan , Li Yubo
Published: July 2024

Resonance inductive coupling is widely used for wireless power transfer (WPT) in medical applications. In this paper, we analyze the LCL-compensated WPT structure and propose a novel constant voltage transmission system based on gain estimation, without any extra feedback from the receiver. The system is capable for amplitude-modulated implant neural stimulation where the load impedance and the coupling coefficient are both variable. Compared to existing methods for constant voltage transmission, our approach offers advantages in compact size and the compatibility with the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band. We validate the load-independent resonant characteristic and the feasibility of constant voltage transmission using an experimental prototype working at 6.78MHz. Finally, we discuss the structure of the implant stimulator and methods of applying the proposed WPT system.
Open-ended Ridged Waveguide Elements for LEO Direct Radiating Arrays in Ka-band
Authors: Vazquez-Sogorb Carlos , Montoya-Roca Roger , Addamo Giuseppe , Peverini Oscar , Virone Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an extensive performance analysis of open-ended waveguide elements for direct radiating arrays with high scan angle (± 50º/60º). The evaluated designs are based on square and hexagonal apertures loaded with ridges. Both square and triangular lattices are considered in the framework of Ka-band downlink design requirements for future LEO mega-constellations. The parameter space defined by the monomodal condition has been explored to find an optimum value for each structure. The analyses are validated with both infinite and finite full-wave models in terms of active reflection coefficient, scan loss and cross-polar discrimination.
Caffeine and Rapamycin Impair Growth and Morphogenesis by Affecting Both TOR-Dependent Pathways in Dictyostelium
Authors: Jaiswal Pundrik
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACTCaffeine is known to impair both growth and development in the model social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. However, little is known about the transcriptional regulation in response to caffeine treatment in Dictyostelium. In yeast cells, caffeine mimics the effect of rapamycin in inhibiting mTORC1 activity. Here, we investigated whether changes in growth and development of Dictyostelium in the presence of caffeine or rapamycin are mediated by mTORC1 and/or mTORC2. Results: Treatment of wild type cells with caffeine or rapamycin resulted in severely impaired growth and in the formation of small aggregates in comparison to untreated cells. rip3‾ cells (lacking a mTORC2 component) and lst8‾cells (lacking a component of both mTOR complexes) showed higher and slower growth rates, respectively, in comparison to parental AX3 cells. Parental AX3 and rip3‾ cells displayed similar sensitivity to rapamycin and caffeine, while lst8‾ cells were more sensitive to these compounds. When developed in the presence of caffeine or rapamycin, AX3 cells formed aggregates after a long delay. Caffeine did not alter the morphology of small rip3‾ mounds and lst8‾ cells continued to remain solitary. However, in the presence of 1µM rapamycin rip3‾cells failed to form mounds while AX3 cells streamed and formed aggregates. Complementation of lst8‾ cells with the wild type lst8 gene rescued the aggregation phenotype. cDNA microarray analysis to uncover the spectrum of differentially regulated genes in response to caffeine treatment revealed 104 and 193 differentially expressed genes at 3-and 6-hours of development, respectively, in comparison to control cells. After 6 hours of starvation in the presence of caffeine, 25 genes encoding ribosomal proteins and 4 encoding elongation factors were up regulated. Furthermore, we identified that upon caffeine treatment at the 3- and 6-hours’ time points, 12 (10 up and 2 down) and 21 (13 up and 8 down) genes, respectively, encoding proteins involved in early development. Conclusion: We conclude that caffeine and rapamycin have similar effects in decreasing the growth rate and in reducing the aggregate size of D. discoideum. Studies with lst8‾ and rip3‾ cells suggest that these compounds affect cell growth and aggregation by acting on both mTOR complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes after caffeine treatment suggests a key role of these genes in growth and aggregation.
Socio-environmental and economic impacts due to the disaster at Vale S.A. in Brumadinho, MG, Brazil: A systematic review
Authors: Guimarães Vanessa de Oliveira Gaudereto , Campanha Paula Maria Gênova de Castro , Petesse Maria Letízia , Ferreira Cláudia Maris
Published: July 2024

Significant socio-environmental and economic impacts on fishermen and fish farmers in the Três Marias reservoir arose from the collapse of the mining tailings dam in the municipality of Brumadinho, MG, Brazil, in 2019. To help assess this situation, we carried out a systematic review to find information that scientifically documents these impacts. To this end, we used the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Journal Portal, accessed through the Federated Academic Community, to search for data indexed between 2019 and 2023, in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and CAB Direct. We used Brumadinho as the central keyword and linked to it 25 other secondary keywords, such as environmental disaster, fishermen, fish farmers, and Três Marias dam. To screen and select the results, we used Rayyan software and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. The search resulted in 990 articles, 61 theses, and 251 dissertations. Among them, only 26 articles, 19 theses and 66 dissertations were eligible as contributions to the topic, but very few reported the situation of fishermen and fish farmers. We concluded that there is a lack of information on the damage suffered by these people, and that more scientific studies and attention to this public are needed.
Caraterização e análise da literacia em saúde e adesão ao padrão alimentar mediterrânico em alunos de universidades séniores
Authors: Rodrigues Joana ,   Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra do Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra,  Rua 5 de outubro,  3045-043 Coimbra,  Portugal, Azaruja Madalena , Helena Loureiro Maria , Paulo de Figueiredo João ,   Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde  de Coimbra do Instituto  Politécnico de Coimbra,  Rua 5 de outubro,  3045-043 Coimbra,  Portugal,   Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra do Instituto  Politécnico de Coimbra,  Rua 5 de outubro,  3045-043 Coimbra,  Portugal,   Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra do Instituto  Politécnico de Coimbra,  Rua 5 de outubro,  3045-043 Coimbra,  Portugal
Published: July 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A baixa Literacia em Saúde está associada a piores resultados em saúde, sobretudo em idosos, cuja faixa etária tem elevada representação em Portugal. A alimentação é outro fator que influencia resultados em saúde e é essencial para um envelhecimento com qualidade. Assim, estes são dois conceitos de relevância para monitorização e intervenção por profissionais de saúde. OBJETIVOS: Verificar a relação entre o nível de Literacia em Saúde e o nível de adesão ao Padrão Alimentar Mediterrânico em alunos de Universidades Séniores e analisar o possível impacto de fatores sociodemográficos nestas variáveis. METODOLOGIA: Tratou-se de um estudo observacional analítico, transversal. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 114 alunos de cinco Universidades Séniores portuguesas, da Região Centro e Área Metropolitana de Lisboa. Os participantes tinham idades compreendidas entre 54 e 88 anos (69,62 ± 6,51), sendo que 79 indivíduos (69%) são do sexo feminino e os restantes 35 do sexo masculino. Foram aplicados vários questionários, um de avaliação sociodemográfica, outro para avaliar o nível de adesão ao Padrão Alimentar Mediterrânico (PREDIMED) e ainda um outro para aferir o nível de Literacia em Saúde (HLS-EU-PT). Para o tratamento estatístico recorreu-se ao software SPSS versão 27.0. RESULTADOS: Aferiu-se que a maioria dos participantes possuía um nível “Problemático” de Literacia em Saúde (58,5%) e “Baixa Adesão” ao Padrão Alimentar Mediterrânico (66%). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos relativamente à relação entre o nível de Literacia em Saúde e o nível de adesão ao Padrão Alimentar Mediterrânico, não foram estatisticamente significativos. O mesmo verificou-se para a relação destes níveis com as variáveis sociodemográficas.
A jegyzetelés támogatása az oktatásban
Authors: Bencze Norbert
Published: July 2024

A tanulmány célja a jegyzetelés mint a felsőoktatásban jellemző tudásátvételi forma pszicholingvisztikai alapú vizsgálata, a jegyzeteléssel kapcsolatos attitűdök elemzése, illetve ezek alapján az oktatásban megvalósítható jó gyakorlatok összegyűjtése. Az eredmények két részkutatásra épülnek. Egyrészt 46 egyetemista előadásjegyzete jelentette a vizsgálat alapját, kiemelt figyelmet fordítva a jegyzetelés során alkalmazott stratégiákra és módszerekre. Másrészt egy 230 adatközlő által kitöltött, a jegyzetkészítéssel, az alkalmazott jegyzetelési stratégiákkal, módszerekkel kapcsolatos attitűdkérdőív összesítése történt meg. A vizsgálat során kiemelt figyelmet kaptak a jegyzetelés pedagógiai és oktatási vonatkozásai. A kutatás megmutatta, hogy a jegyzetelés támogatása, a jegyzetelési stratégiák bemutatása az oktatási rendszerből szinte teljesen hiányzik. Az eredményekre építve a tanulmány kitekintő fejezete bemutatja, hogy milyen módon lehetséges a jegyzetelés támogatásának a megvalósítása.
Hazánkban használt szókincsmérő eljárások I.
Authors: Juhász Valéria , Radics Márta
Published: July 2024

A szövegértési, tanulási képesség meghatározó összetevője a szókincs, ezért a gyerekek szókincsének feltérképezése hozzásegít egy tudatosan tervezhető tanítási, fejlesztői munkához. A tanulmány először bemutatja a szókincs fejlődésére vonatkozó kutatásokat, majd ismerteti a különböző szókincsvizsgálati módszereket. Ezek után rátér az egyén szókincsének a megértésben játszott szerepére. Egyes kutatások arra utalnak, hogy az 5-6000 leggyakoribb szó ismerete elegendő a hétköznapi szövegek megértéséhez. Ugyanakkor a Szókincsháló szakosztály 2008-as kutatása arra jutott, hogy egy-egy kiadó tankönyvcsaládja átlagosan 40 000 szót tartalmaz 3–8. osztályig. A bemutatott adatokból látható, hogy egy átlagos gyerek is nehezen tart lépést a tankönyvek szakszóanyagával. A tanulmány második felében olyan vizsgálatok, eljárások bemutatása következik, amelyek az egyén szókincsének megismerésére irányulnak, ezáltal segíthetik a gyerekek szövegértési és tanulási képességének fejlődését.
Resilience, Uncertainty and Local Periodicals: Making Sense of Agency in Two Small Towns in Czechoslovakia (1928–1943)
Authors: Ira Jaroslav
Published: July 2024

This article explores how local media constructed resilience and agency in two small towns in interwar Czechoslovakia. It explores how small towns were represented as actors capable of coping with structural disadvantages and of navigating through the uncertainties of the turbulent period of the “long” 1930s. The research focuses on two towns, Kdyně and Heřmanův Městec, and presents the content analysis of two periodicals, Kdyňská Stráž (The Kdyně Argus) and Zájmy Heřmanoměstecka (The Heřmanův Městec Affairs). The comparative analysis of the periodicals’ agendas, the narratives of the towns, the towns’ relationship to a larger system, and the framing of major challenges during the analyzed period has unveiled common traits as well as differing strategies in creating a sense of agency: an internally- and individually-oriented discourse in Zájmy Heřmanoměstecka and an externally and collectively oriented discourse in Kdyňská Stráž.
A DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE FAMILY IN A PROTOINDUSTRIAL TOWN, BASED ON 18THCENTURY WIELICZKA (POLAND)
Authors: Pieczara Jakub
Published: July 2024

Based on thorough studies of Wieliczka’s parish registers and the 1788 census, the most relevant ratios for the protoindustrial population are presented. The results are compared with other towns and cities of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and in Europe, in order to present the characteristics of a mining town in comparison with other centers. Building on the results, it will be possible to determine whether Wieliczka can be characterized as a Western European town.