bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and radiomics for segmentation and classification of adnexal masses on ultrasound
Authors: Barcroft Jennifer F. , Linton-Reid Kristofer , Landolfo Chiara , Al-Memar Maya , Parker Nina , Kyriacou Chris , Munaretto Maria , Fantauzzi Martina , Cooper Nina , Yazbek Joseph , Bharwani Nishat , Lee Sa Ra , Kim Ju Hee , Timmerman Dirk , Posma Joram , Savelli Luca , Saso Srdjan , Aboagye Eric O. , Bourne Tom
Published: February 2024

Ultrasound-based models exist to support the classification of adnexal masses but are subjective and rely upon ultrasound expertise. We aimed to develop an end-to-end machine learning (ML) model capable of automating the classification of adnexal masses. In this retrospective study, transvaginal ultrasound scan images with linked diagnoses (ultrasound subjective assessment or histology) were extracted and segmented from Imperial College Healthcare, UK (ICH development dataset;n = 577 masses; 1444 images) and Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Italy (MPH external dataset;n = 184 masses; 476 images). A segmentation and classification model was developed using convolutional neural networks and traditional radiomics features. Dice surface coefficient (DICE) was used to measure segmentation performance and area under the ROC curve (AUC), F1-score and recall for classification performance. The ICH and MPH datasets had a median age of 45 (IQR 35–60) and 48 (IQR 38–57) years old and consisted of 23.1% and 31.5% malignant cases, respectively. The best segmentation model achieved a DICE score of 0.85 ± 0.01, 0.88 ± 0.01 and 0.85 ± 0.01 in the ICH training, ICH validation and MPH test sets. The best classification model achieved a recall of 1.00 and F1-score of 0.88 (AUC:0.93), 0.94 (AUC:0.89) and 0.83 (AUC:0.90) in the ICH training, ICH validation and MPH test sets, respectively. We have developed an end-to-end radiomics-based model capable of adnexal mass segmentation and classification, with a comparable predictive performance (AUC 0.90) to the published performance of expert subjective assessment (gold standard), and current risk models. Further prospective evaluation of the classification performance of this ML model against existing methods is required.
Molecular mechanisms of tumour development in glioblastoma: an emerging role for the circadian clock
Authors: Nelson Nina , Relógio Angela
Published: February 2024

Glioblastoma is one of the most lethal cancers with current therapeutic options lacking major successes. This underlines the necessity to understand glioblastoma biology on other levels and use these learnings for the development of new therapeutic concepts. Mounting evidence in the field of circadian medicine points to a tight interplay between disturbances of the circadian system and glioblastoma progression. The circadian clock, an internal biological mechanism governing numerous physiological processes across a 24-h cycle, also plays a pivotal role in regulationg key cellular functions, including DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. These processes are integral to tumour development and response to therapy. Disruptions in circadian rhythms can influence tumour growth, invasion, and response to treatment in glioblastoma patients. In this review, we explore the robust association between the circadian clock, and cancer hallmarks within the context of glioblastoma. We further discuss the impact of the circadian clock on eight cancer hallmarks shown previously to link the molecular clock to different cancers, and summarize the putative role of clock proteins in circadian rhythm disturbances and chronotherapy in glioblastoma. By unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind the intricate connections between the circadian clock and glioblastoma progression, researchers can pave the way for the identification of potential therapeutic targets, the development of innovative treatment strategies and personalized medicine approaches. In conclusion, this review underscores the significant influence of the circadian clock on the advancement and understanding of future therapies in glioblastoma, ultimately leading to enhanced outcomes for glioblastoma patients.
Longitudinal monitoring of the mouse brain reveals heterogenous network trajectories during aging
Authors: Özalay Özgün , Mediavilla Tomas , Giacobbo Bruno Lima , Pedersen Robin , Marcellino Daniel , Orädd Greger , Rieckmann Anna , Sultan Fahad
Published: February 2024

The human aging brain is characterized by changes in network efficiency that are currently best captured through longitudinal resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). These studies however are challenging due to the long human lifespan. Here we show that the mouse animal model with a much shorter lifespan allows us to follow the functional network organization over most of the animal’s adult lifetime. We used a longitudinal study of the functional connectivity of different brain regions with rs-fMRI under anesthesia. Our analysis uncovers network modules similar to those reported in younger mice and in humans (i.e., prefrontal/default mode network (DMN), somatomotor and somatosensory networks). Statistical analysis reveals different patterns of network reorganization during aging. Female mice showed a pattern akin to human aging, with de-differentiation of the connectome, mainly due to increases in connectivity of the prefrontal/DMN cortical networks to other modules. Our male cohorts revealed heterogenous aging patterns with only one group confirming the de- differentiation, while the majority showed an increase in connectivity of the somatomotor cortex to the Nucleus accumbens. In summary, in line with human work, our analysis in mice supports the concept of de-differentiation in the aging mammalian brain and reveals additional trajectories in aging mice networks.
Anxious about rejection, avoidant of neglect: Infant marmosets tune their attachment based on individual caregiver’s parenting style
Authors: Yano-Nashimoto Saori , Truzzi Anna , Shinozuka Kazutaka , Murayama Ayako Y. , Kurachi Takuma , Moriya-Ito Keiko , Tokuno Hironobu , Miyazawa Eri , Esposito Gianluca , Okano Hideyuki , Nakamura Katsuki , Saito Atsuko , Kuroda Kumi O.
Published: February 2024

Children’s secure attachment with their primary caregivers is crucial for physical, cognitive, and emotional maturation. Yet, the causal links between specific parenting behaviors and infant attachment patterns are not fully understood. Here we report infant attachment in New World monkeys common marmosets, characterized by shared infant care among parents and older siblings and complex vocal communications. By integrating natural variations in parenting styles and subsecond-scale microanalyses of dyadic vocal and physical interactions, we demonstrate that marmoset infants signal their needs through context-dependent call use and selective approaches toward familiar caregivers. The infant attachment behaviors are tuned to each caregiver’s parenting style; infants use negative calls when carried by rejecting caregivers and selectively avoid neglectful and rejecting caregivers. Family-deprived infants fail to develop such adaptive uses of attachment behaviors. With these similarities with humans, marmosets offer a promising model for investigating the biological mechanisms of attachment security.
BECLIN1 is essential for intestinal homeostasis involving autophagy-independent mechanisms through its function in endocytic trafficking
Authors: Tran Sharon , Juliani Juliani , Harris Tiffany J. , Evangelista Marco , Ratcliffe Julian , Ellis Sarah L. , Baloyan David , Reehorst Camilla M. , Nightingale Rebecca , Luk Ian Y. , Jenkins Laura J. , Ghilas Sonia , Yakou Marina H. , Inguanti Chantelle , Johnson Chad , Buchert Michael , Lee James C. , De Cruz Peter , Duszyc Kinga , Gleeson Paul A. , Kile Benjamin T. , Mielke Lisa A. , Yap Alpha S. , Mariadason John M. , Fairlie W. Douglas , Lee Erinna F.
Published: February 2024

Autophagy-related genes have been closely associated with intestinal homeostasis. BECLIN1 is a component of Class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes that orchestrate autophagy initiation and endocytic trafficking. Here we show intestinal epithelium-specific BECLIN1 deletion in adult mice leads to rapid fatal enteritis with compromised gut barrier integrity, highlighting its intrinsic critical role in gut maintenance. BECLIN1-deficient intestinal epithelial cells exhibit extensive apoptosis, impaired autophagy, and stressed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Remaining absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells display morphological abnormalities. Deletion of the autophagy regulator, ATG7, fails to elicit similar effects, suggesting additional novel autophagy-independent functions of BECLIN1 distinct from ATG7. Indeed, organoids derived from BECLIN1 KO mice show E-CADHERIN mislocalisation associated with abnormalities in the endocytic trafficking pathway. This provides a mechanism linking endocytic trafficking mediated by BECLIN1 and loss of intestinal barrier integrity. Our findings establish an indispensable role of BECLIN1 in maintaining mammalian intestinal homeostasis and uncover its involvement in endocytic trafficking in this process. Hence, this study has important implications for our understanding of intestinal pathophysiology.
Reciprocal activity of AgRP and POMC neurons governs coordinated control of feeding and metabolism
Authors: De Solis Alain J. , Del Río-Martín Almudena , Radermacher Jan , Chen Weiyi , Steuernagel Lukas , Bauder Corinna A. , Eggersmann Fynn R. , Morgan Donald A. , Cremer Anna-Lena , Sué Michael , Germer Maximilian , Kukat Christian , Vollmar Stefan , Backes Heiko , Rahmouni Kamal , Kloppenburg Peter , Brüning Jens C.
Published: February 2024

Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons reciprocally regulate food intake. Here, we combine non-interacting recombinases to simultaneously express functionally opposing chemogenetic receptors in AgRP and POMC neurons for comparing metabolic responses in male and female mice with simultaneous activation of AgRP and inhibition of POMC neurons with isolated activation of AgRP neurons or isolated inhibition of POMC neurons. We show that food intake is regulated by the additive effect of AgRP neuron activation and POMC neuron inhibition, while systemic insulin sensitivity and gluconeogenesis are differentially modulated by isolated-versus-simultaneous regulation of AgRP and POMC neurons. We identify a neurocircuit engaging Npy1R-expressing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, where activated AgRP neurons and inhibited POMC neurons cooperate to promote food consumption and activate Th+ neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii. Collectively, these results unveil how food intake is precisely regulated by the simultaneous bidirectional interplay between AgRP and POMC neurocircuits.
Twenty-six years of phytoplankton pigments reveal a circumpolar Class Divide around the Southern Ocean
Authors: Hayward Alexander , Pinkerton Matthew H. , Wright Simon W. , Gutiérrez-Rodriguez Andrés , Law Cliff S.
Published: February 2024

Regional taxonomic variation of phytoplankton communities in the Southern Ocean remains largely uncharacterised despite the distinct trophic and biogeochemical roles of different taxa in anthropogenic carbon uptake, biogeochemical processes, and as the primary source of energy for marine ecosystems. Here we analysed 26 years of pigment data (14,824 samples between 32°S and the Antarctic coast) from over 50 voyages (1996 – 2022), using the phytoclass software. The analysis confirms that the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) is a circumpolar phytoplankton class boundary, separating haptophyte dominated communities to the north from diatom domination of chlorophyll a in the south, and thereby a biological analogue corresponding to the Biogeochemical Divide. Furthermore, community composition was remarkably similar in different zones south of the APF despite substantial spatial variation in biomass. This circumpolar characterisation of the geospatial distribution of phytoplankton community composition will contribute to improved modelling and projection of future change in ecosystems and carbon in the Southern Ocean.
PET image-guided kidney injury theranostics enabled by a bipyramidal DNA framework
Authors: Li Pinghui , Huang Zhidie , Duan Xiaoyan , Wang Tao , Yang Shaowen , Jiang Dawei , Li Jianbo
Published: February 2024

We constructed68Ga-BDF and employed PET imaging to establish its pharmacokinetic model. BDF was eliminated from the bodyviathe urinary system. We observed distinct imaging indicators in UUO and AKI mouse models. Furthermore, we observed the therapeutic effect of BDF on AKI.
Novel stalactiform structural CoNi-rGO for supercapacitors with enhanced electrochemical performance
Authors: Sun Yang , Zhang Zhaoyi , Xiang Cong , Jiang Yifan , Feng Yan , Cheng Xiaomei , Li Xiangzi , Wang Meifang
Published: February 2024

Stalactiform S-CoNi-rGO possesses spines penetrating and supporting the nanosheet structure and shows a high specific capacitance of 3922.0 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1.
Influence of Mo concentration on the structural and electrochemical properties of double-doped Mo–Co–Ni3S2/NF composites
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Qiao Fen , Xu Xiangchao , Zhou Taihang , Liu Yanzhen
Published: February 2024

The precursor chemical powders were mixed in compliance with the stoichiometric ratio in 25 ml of deionized water. Following the immersion of nickel foam in the solution, the autoclave was heated at 120 °C for 12 h. Subsequently, NF underwent the sulfuration process.
Applications of bismuth-based nanoparticles for the removal of pollutants in wastewater: a review
Authors: Jiang Shan , Zhang Yihang , Gong Jianyu
Published: February 2024

This review discusses the characteristics and synthesis methods of Bi-based NPs. It delves into the removal efficiency in wastewater, emphasizing traditional/emerging strategies to enhance the performance, mechanisms, toxicology, and challenges.
Catalytic self-transfer hydrogenolysis of lignin over Ni/C catalysts
Authors: Mei Xuelei , Liu Huizhen , Wu Haihong , Wu Wei , Zheng Bingxiao , Liu Yani , Zheng Xinrui , Wang Yaqin , Han Wanying , Han Buxing
Published: February 2024

Ni/C catalysts for the efficient self-transfer hydrogenolysis of native lignin.
SeParate: multiway fluorescence-activated droplet sorting based on integration of serial and parallel triaging concepts
Authors: Verbist Wannes , Breukers Jolien , Sharma Sapna , Rutten Iene , Gerstmans Hans , Coelmont Lotte , Dal Dosso Francesco , Dallmeier Kai , Lammertyn Jeroen
Published: February 2024

A novel platform, called SeParate, enabling accurate multiplex droplet sorting by integrating serial and parallel sorting principles for three model systems with increasing complexity and intra-subpopulation variation in fluorescence intensities.
Design, synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of rivastigmine-INDY hybrids as multitarget ligands against Alzheimer's disease by targeting butyrylcholinesterase and DYRK1A/CLK1 kinases
Authors: Ţînţaş Mihaela-Liliana , Peauger Ludovic , Barré Anaïs , Papamicaël Cyril , Besson Thierry , Sopkovà-de Oliveira Santos Jana , Gembus Vincent , Levacher Vincent
Published: February 2024

Promising multitargets ligands in Alzheimer's disease: sequential BuChE and DYRK1A/CLK1 kinases inhibition.
Adsorption variations on the Ni(111) surface: electron density diversity from oxygen-containing functional groups
Authors: Liu Changwei , Wen Congtao , Zhang Zekai , Chen Yuxin , Yang Huachao , Li Jia-hui , Lian Cheng , Liu Honglai
Published: February 2024

The disparities in adsorption stem from surface charge polarization effects, which may originate from the bond-order-induced effect, serving as a driving force to promote additional deoxygenation activities.
Investigation of novel indoline azo disperse dyes: synthesis, DFT simulation, and dyeing performance on PET and PA fabrics
Authors: Song Xiyu , Li Mingda , Dai Chuang , Li Jingyi , Wang Yu , Hou Aiqin , Qian Hongfei
Published: February 2024

The feasibilities of the chemical reactions of indoline were analyzed with density functional theory (DFT) simulation.
Fe/Au galvanic nanocells to generate self-sustained Fenton reactions without additives at neutral pH
Authors: Shahnazarova Gubakhanim , Al Hoda Al Bast Nour , Ramirez Jessica C. , Nogues Josep , Esteve Jaume , Fraxedas Jordi , Serra Albert , Esplandiu Maria J. , Sepulveda Borja
Published: February 2024

Innovative Fe/Au nanogenerators are used to efficiently produce H2O2, regenerate Fe2+, and produce ROS at neutral pH without external additives or energy, all achieved with minimal catalyst usage and without the need for additional inputs.
Genome-scale metabolic models in translational medicine: the current status and potential of machine learning in improving the effectiveness of the models
Authors: Turanli Beste , Gulfidan Gizem , Aydogan Ozge Onluturk , Kula Ceyda , Selvaraj Gurudeeban , Arga Kazim Yalcin
Published: February 2024

The use of genome scale metabolic models supported by machine learning from bench side to bed side.
High-pressure studies of size dependent yield strength in rhenium diboride nanocrystals
Authors: Hu Shanlin , Hamilton Spencer G. , Turner Christopher L. , Robertson Daniel D. , Yan Jinyuan , Kavner Abby , Kaner Richard B. , Tolbert Sarah H.
Published: February 2024

Non-hydrostatic high pressure X-ray diffraction is used to study the hardness of superhard ReB2 nanocrystals. All nanocrystals show less plastic deformation under load than bulk ReB2, with the smallest nanocrystals showing the most enhancement.
Phosphorus acid: an asset for flame-retardant sustainable vitrimers
Authors: Cuminet Florian , Vanachte Nathan , Farina Chloé , Denis Maxinne , Negrell Claire , Caillol Sylvain , Dantras Éric , Leclerc Éric , Ladmiral Vincent
Published: February 2024

Three biobased epoxy resins from vanillic alcohol, linseed oil and cardanol were crosslinked with phosphoric acid to prepare vitrimers.
Structure and photoluminescence of Mn2+/4+-activated doubly ordered spinel Mg4(Ga/Al)SbO8: site-selective Al3+-to-Ga3+ substitution enabling Mn4+ accumulation, excellent anti-thermal quenching of Mn2+ green emission, and optical thermometry
Authors: Cheng Zien , Lu Guangxiang , Qi Yuxuan , Huang Jinmei , Yan Gonggui , Fang Leiming , Avdeev Maxim , Yang Tao , Jiang Pengfei
Published: February 2024

The site-selective Al3+-to-Ga3+ substitution in doubly ordered spinel Mg4(Ga/Al)SbO8:Mn2+/4+ can manipulate the Mn distributions, thereby resulting in a tunable emission color and controllable optical thermometry sensitivity.
Straightforward construction of a rare-earth diphosphanato complex from white phosphorus: synthesis and reactivity
Authors: Zhang Fangjun , del Rosal Iker , Han Keyu , Zhang Jie , Maron Laurent , Zhou Xigeng
Published: February 2024

A straightforward and atom-economical route from P4 to polyfunctional diphosphine ligands has been developed, revealing the versatile reactivity of the RPPR moiety.
Iron(iii)/quinoxaline-derived N,N-ligand catalyzed oxygen transfer reaction of N-vinyl nitrones through selective 4π-electrocyclization and N–O bond cleavage
Authors: Lu Yan-Jiao , Lu Feng-Lan , Zhang Jin-Qi , Chen Chun-Hua , Liang Cui , Ma Xiao-Pan , Mo Dong-Liang
Published: February 2024

We describe an iron(iii)/quinoxaline-derived N,N-ligand promoted O-transfer reaction of N-vinyl nitrones through selective O-4π-electrocyclization and N–O bond cleavage to prepare a variety of 2,5-dihydrooxazoles in good yields.
Ni-doping effects on formation and migration of oxygen vacancies in SrFe1−xNixO3−δ oxygen carriers
Authors: Jia Ting , Hao Yinuo , Hao Hua , Zeng Zhi
Published: February 2024

Ni is a promising B-site doping element capable of improving the oxygen carrier performance of SrFeO3 perovskite.
A concise update on the synthetic transformation of aurones via asymmetric cycloaddition, annulation, and Michael/Mannich reactions
Authors: John Deepa , George Kevin , Radhakrishnan Ethiraj Kannatt
Published: February 2024

This review summarises the progress in aurone synthetic transformations, focusing on diverse cycloaddition ([3 + 2], [4 + 2], [4 + 3], [10 + 2]) and annulation reactions.
Challenges and progress in oxygen evolution reaction catalyst development for seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production
Authors: Corbin Jack , Jones Mikey , Lyu Cheng , Loh Adeline , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhu Yanqui , Li Xiaohong
Published: February 2024

Modification techniques to oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for direct seawater electrolysis (DSWE) to mitigate chloride corrosion from seawater.
Concise synthesis of deuterium-labelled proanthocyanidin metabolite 5-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone as an analytical tool
Authors: Artasensi Angelica , Mazzotta Sarah , Baron Giovanna , Aldini Giancarlo , Fumagalli Laura
Published: February 2024

Deuterated proanthocyanidin metabolite 5-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone has been successfully produced.
Synthesis of furfural from xylose using a choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent and mechanistic insights
Authors: Delgadillo Daniela Margarita Echeverri , Castro Gabriel Abranches Dias , Fernandes Sergio Antonio
Published: February 2024

Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents can be used in the green synthesis of furfural, a platform molecule derived from biomass.
Enabling organometallic libraries by flow: a tale of two metals
Authors: Maddox Daniel , Guetzoyan Lucie , Walmsley Lee
Published: February 2024

We present, to our knowledge, the first library synthesised from on-demand Grignard reagents: a 76-member library. We also present a matrix library of 21 Negishi products, both libraries giving a success rate of >90% at the organometallic step.
Heteroatom-doped lignin-derived carbon material: performance and application
Authors: Guo Haiwei , Sun Tian , Yin Qiqi , Li Xinyang , Chen Zhao , Ma Xiaodong
Published: February 2024

This review summarizes the influence of heteroatom-doping on the physicochemical properties of lignin-based carbon, together with its electro-chemical property in batteries and capacitors and adsorption ability for the removal of pollutants.
Synchronized rotations of active particles on chemical substrates
Authors: Eswaran Pathma , Mishra Shradha
Published: February 2024

In a minimal model of ABPs, the interplay between chemo-phoretic interactions and activity leads to chemo-MIPS and synchronized rotating cluster phases, suggesting the emergence of rotational order without an explicit alignment interaction.
Rate-independent hysteretic energy dissipation in collagen fibrils
Authors: Magerle Robert , Zech Paul , Dehnert Martin , Bendixen Alexandra , Otto Andreas
Published: February 2024

In AFM nanoindentation experiments on hydrated collagen fibrils, at slow deformation rates, energy is dissipated via a rate-independent hysteretic process with return point memory and negligible viscous friction.
A novel 2D VC4 as a promising Na-host material for Na-ion batteries: computational insights
Authors: Rehman Javed , Gao Jiayu , Yu Tong , El-marghany Adel , Yang Guochun
Published: February 2024

The structural model of a VC4 monolayer and fast sodiation/desodiation processes with low activation barrier energy.
Critical review of the recent progress and challenges of polyanion Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials in rechargeable sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Kate Ranjit S. , Jadhav Harsharaj S. , Chothe Ujjwala P. , Bhattacharjee Kaustav , Kulkarni Milind V. , Deokate Ramesh J. , Kale Bharat B. , Kalubarme Ramchandra S.
Published: February 2024

With the increasing demand for sustainable energy sources, sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a rational substitute for large energy storage grid applications in contrast to current lithium-ion batteries owing to the low cost of sodium precursors.
Strong, tough, and elastic poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyacrylamide DN hydrogels based on the Hofmeister effect for articular cartilage replacement
Authors: Yin Cheng , Huang Zhiwu , Zhang Yunge , Ren Kaijing , Liu Songtao , Luo Honglin , Zhang Quanchao , Wan Yizao
Published: February 2024

Traditional hydrogels are usually weak and brittle, which limit their application in articular cartilage replacement because cartilage is generally strong, tough, and elastic in nature.
Collagen-decorated electrospun scaffolds of unsaturated copolyesters for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Madalosso Heloísa Bremm , Guindani Camila , Maniglia Bianca Chieregato , Hermes de Araújo Pedro Henrique , Sayer Claudia
Published: February 2024

A tissue engineering device for bone repair was prepared using a polymeric collagen-decorated scaffold. Functionalization with cysteine and further bioconjugation with collagen improved hydrophilicity, cell viability, and mineralization.
Antibacterial activity of hydrophobicity modulated cationic polymers with enzyme and pH-responsiveness
Authors: Ghosh Desoshree , Yadav Sandeep , Bag Sagar , Mallick Amirul Islam , De Priyadarsi
Published: February 2024

Lysine and fatty acid-tethered amphiphilic copolymers exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (B. subtilis) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria with side chain degradability in the presence of an enzyme and pH.
Bimodal effects on lipid droplets induced in cancer and non-cancer cells by chemotherapy drugs as revealed with a green-emitting BODIPY fluorescent probe
Authors: Polita Artūras , Žvirblis Rokas , Dodonova-Vaitkūnienė Jelena , Shivabalan Arun Prabha , Maleckaitė Karolina , Valinčius Gintaras
Published: February 2024

Lipid droplets (LDs) are cytoplasmic lipid-rich organelles with important roles in multiple diseases, such as obesity, fatty liver, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. We present a viscosity-sensitive, green-emitting BODIPY probe capable of selectively internalising into LDs of live cells.
Current-in-plane tunneling measurement of oxygen-functionalized few-layer boron nitride lateral barriers
Authors: Torkashvand Ziba , Mirabbaszadeh Kavoos , Shayeganfar Farzaneh , Srivastava Pawan Kumar , Lee Changgu , Beigtan Mohadese
Published: February 2024

A surface tunneling current measurement was used to study the electronic performance of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and surface-functionalized hBN in a variety of configurations and conditions.
A non-fullerene acceptor as an interfacial modified layer for enhancing efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yang Genjie , Afraj Shakil N. , Li Jiawen , Zhang Dayong , Fan Pu , Chen Ming-Chou , Zheng Ding , Yu Junsheng
Published: February 2024

The molecular structure of INDCDT-b8-Cl, which is rich in carbonyl and cyano functional groups, is used as an interfacial modified layer for PSCs.
Ligase detection reaction amplification-activated CRISPR-Cas12a for single-molecule counting of FEN1 in breast cancer tissues
Authors: Wang Zi-yue , Teng Shuang-qian , Zhao Ning-ning , Han Yun , Li Dong-ling , Zhang Chun-yang
Published: February 2024

We construct a simple fluorescent biosensor for single-molecule counting of FEN1 based on ligase detection reaction (LDR) amplification-activated CRISPR-Cas12a.
UV-resonant magnetoplasmonic properties of chemically synthesized indium nanoparticles
Authors: Matsuda Ririka , Yao Hiroshi
Published: February 2024

We for the first time demonstrate the magnetoplasmonic properties of metallic indium (In0) nanoparticles, one of the promising non-noble metals for UV plasmonics, by using magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy.
Geometry and electronic structure of Yb(iii)[CH(SiMe3)2]3 from EPR and solid-state NMR augmented by computations
Authors: Ashuiev Anton , Allouche Florian , Islam Md. Ashraful , Carvalho José P. , Sanders Kevin J. , Conley Matthew P. , Klose Daniel , Lapadula Giuseppe , Wörle Michael , Baabe Dirk , Walter Marc D. , Pell Andrew J. , Copéret Christophe , Jeschke Gunnar , Pintacuda Guido , Andersen Richard A.
Published: February 2024

The combined use of magnetic resonance spectroscopies (EPR and solid-state NMR) and computational approaches enable the determination of the electronic structure and geometry of a paramagnetic Yb(iii) alkyl complex.
TiO2−x prepared by radio-frequency thermal plasma: optical switching of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity used in the efficient recovery of photocatalysts
Authors: Liu Chang , Jin Huacheng , Yang Zongxian , Ouyang Yuge , Ding Fei , Li Baoqiang , Yuan Fangli
Published: February 2024

A TiO2−x catalyst synthesized using radio-frequency thermal plasma can switch between hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Its dispersion and agglomeration can thus be adjusted so that it is dispersed evenly or forms floating balls, which is convenient for recycling.
BODIPY-based regioisomers and a donor–acceptor rotor as organic photosensitizers for maximizing singlet oxygen quantum yields and for the photooxidation of thioanisole
Authors: Sharma Sushil , Chawla Sakshi , Gupta Vidushi , De Arijit K. , Sengupta Sanchita
Published: February 2024

BODIPY regioisomers and a rotor T-ADA showed singlet oxygen quantum yields of up to 77% due to the multifaceted generation of triplet states as confirmed experimentally and were utilized for the efficient photooxidation of thioanisole.
Reactive degradable linear poly(aminoamide)s: synthesis, post-polymerization modifications and layer-by-layer coating
Authors: Kumari Sulbha , Chattopadhyay Subrata
Published: February 2024

A sustainable approach is presented to synthesize reactive biodegradable indole decorated linear poly(aminoamide) (PAA) which provides a platform to generate different functional linear PAAs, dynamic PAA networks and coatings via post-polymerization modification using triazolinedione-indole reaction.
Polymerization-induced self-assembly of (2-(4-vinylbenzyl)iso-indoline-1,3-dione) for the synthesis of hydrazine responsive block copolymer nanoparticles
Authors: Mane Shivshankar R. , Carlini Andrea S.
Published: February 2024

Hydrazine-responsive block copolymer nanoparticles with a phthalimide core are synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT)-mediated dispersion polymerization-induced self-assembly.
Controlled growth of a 2D/2D heterojunction for high-performance sodium ion storage
Authors: Cheng Shujin , Zuo Zicheng , Li Yuliang
Published: February 2024

A Van der Waals epitaxial growth method is developed for constructing large-scale 2D/2D heterostructure based on graphdiyne and Ti2C3Tx. The heterojunction shows enhanced performance in storing the Na+.
Copper catalyzed diastereoselective and enantioselective hydroborylation of cyclopentenylcarboxyesters
Authors: Yao Yufeng , Huang Ming , Chen Chunyu , Zeng Hao , Li Ze , Lai Guo-Qiao , Zhang Pinglu
Published: February 2024

Cu-catalyzed asymmetric hydroborylation of cyclopentenylcarboxyesters.
Deoxygenation of N-heterocyclic N-oxides using isopropanol as a recyclable reductant
Authors: Ryu Ho Kyeong , Song Yun Do , Lee Jun Hee
Published: February 2024

An organic photoredox-based recyclable strategy that facilitates the chemoselective deoxygenation of various functionalised N-heterocyclic N-oxides is presented.
Achieving high molecular weight alternating copolymers of 1-octene with methyl acrylate via Lewis acid catalyzed copolymerization
Authors: Wan Jiefan , Dan Yi , Huang Yun , Jiang Long
Published: February 2024

Herein, a feasible method for synthesizing high molecular weight α-olefins (C4+)-methyl acrylate alternating copolymers is presented, aiming to provide an alternative approach for converting low-value olefin by-products resulting from the ethylene cracking process into valuable products.
Characterizing Speech Errors Across Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech Subtypes
Authors: Tetzloff Katerina A. , Duffy Joseph R. , Clark Heather M. , Josephs Keith A. , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Utianski Rene L.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Apraxia of speech (AOS) is a motor speech disorder affecting articulatory planning and speech programming. When AOS is the sole manifestation of neurodegeneration, it is termed primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS). Recent work has shown that there are distinct PPAOS subtypes: phonetic, prosodic, and those that do not clearly align with either (mixed). PPAOS subtypes differ with respect to the predominating motor speech difficulties, as well as disease progression and underlying pathology. Because past studies have determined PPAOS subtype based on clinical impression, the goal of the present study was to quantitatively determine the distribution of speech error types across PPAOS subtypes in a word repetition task and to investigate how word complexity affects the type and number of speech errors across PPAOS subtypes.

Method:

Forty-five patients with PPAOS (13 phonetic, 23 prosodic, and nine mixed) and 45 healthy controls produced multiple repetitions of words that varied in phonetic complexity. Sound additions, deletions, and substitutions/distortions (phonetic errors) and within-word segmentations (prosodic errors) were calculated.

Results:

All three PPAOS groups produced significantly more errors than controls, but the total number of errors was comparable among subtypes. The phonetic group produced more phonetic-type errors compared to the prosodic group but comparable to the mixed group. The prosodic group produced more segmentations compared to the phonetic and mixed PPAOS groups. As word complexity increased, the total number of errors increased for PPAOS patients. The phonetic and prosodic groups were more likely to produce phonetic- and prosodic-type errors, respectively, as word complexity increased.

Conclusions:

This study provides novel quantitative data showing that PPAOS subtype can be supported by the type and distribution of speech errors in a word repetition task. This may facilitate earlier, more reliable differential diagnosis and aid in disease prognosis, as PPAOS subtypes have distinct disease trajectories.
Daily reference evapotranspiration estimation utilizing deep learning models with varied combinations of weather data
Authors: Ba-ichou Ayoub , Zegoumou Abderrahim , Benhlima Said , Bekr My Ali
Published: February 2024

Effective irrigation planning pivots on the meticulous monitoring of ETo (the reference evapotranspiration), a fundamental variable in diverse studies. The go-to method for approximate ETo, the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (FAO-56 PM) equation, demands an array of weather data, encompassing relative humidity, temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed. However, this data-intensive requirement presents challenges in situations where such information is limited, and artificial intelligence is being used to address this challenge, come into play to estimate ET0 with a streamlined set of parameters. The study begins with a comprehensive analysis, comparing the performance of Penman-Monteith (FAO-56 PM) and (ASCE_PM) with deep learning models such as artificial neural networks (ANN) and one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNN 1d).The principal aim is to estimate daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in the region of Morocco, specifically Meknes, employing a minimal set of meteorological variables across various combinations of measured data on the fundamental variables that constitute ETo. These combinations encompass scenarios involving all four variables, different combinations of three, two, and each variable in isolation. Two implementation scenarios are considered: (i) cross-validation across all datasets and (ii) training with one station and validating with another. Across these varied techniques, commendable results emerge, portraying a favourable comparison against empirical models reliant on minimal meteorological data.
Low-cost IoT-based monitoring system for precision agriculture
Authors: Ibn Dahou Idrissi Amine , Abouabdillah Aziz , Chikhaoui Mohamed , Bouabid Rachid
Published: February 2024

The increasing impact of climate change on agriculture necessitates advanced monitoring and management of environmental conditions to ensure sustainable agricultural productivity. This paper introduces a cost-effective, Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart monitoring system designed to provide real-time insights into soil moisture levels and weather conditions across various segments of a single agricultural plot. The system comprises autonomous wireless sensor nodes, a comprehensive weather station, and a centralized base station that collectively capture, process, and relay environmental data to a user-friendly mobile application. Our empirical results demonstrate that this system not only facilitates efficient environmental data monitoring and analysis but also empowers farmers with actionable intelligence for timely decision-making. The proposed model showcases a promising avenue for enhancing agricultural resilience and productivity through technology-driven precision farming.
Effect of food strategy and stocking density on larval performance of captively reared Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Janah Hafsa , Azirar Rania , Aghzar Adil , Ouagajjou Yassine
Published: February 2024

Food availability is a crucial factor influencing the behavioral responses, development and physiology of bivalve’s larvae. In this study, we investigated the effects of two feeding strategies (Fv: number of microalgae cells per volume and Fb: number of microalgae cells per biomass) on Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae reared at three different stocking densities (D5: 5 larvae/ml, D15: 15 larvae/ml and D30: 30 larvae/ml). The results showed that larvae fed per volume (Fv) exhibited the highest survival rates across all tested densities (59%, 53% and 39% for D5, D15and D30 respectively), compared to larvae fed per biomass (Fb) (40%, 39% and 32% for, D15, D30 and D5 respectively). Conversely, feeding per biomass led to a significant increase in cumulative shell length gain (D5: 211.4 µm; D15: 214.99 µm and D30: 208.11µm) compared to feeding per volume (D5: 201.12 µm; D15: 166.23 µm and D30:130.09 µm). Statistical analysis revealed that food availability significantly influenced survival only at low larvae density (D5: F=20.13; P<0.01). However, it significantly affected cumulative gain only at high stocking densities D15 (F=148.96; P<0.001) and D30 (F=318.74; P<0.001). These findings emphasize the importance of feeding strategy and stocking density as crucial factors in regulating larval performance during captivity rearing.
Comparative Analysis of Branch Diameter Variations in ’Cherry Gala’ Apple Trees
Authors: Bounsir Badr , Ibriz Mohammed , Zegoumou Abderrahim , El Housni Zakariae , Amlal Fouad , Fagroud Mustapha
Published: February 2024

This study presents a detailed characterization of the branch architecture of the ’Cherry Gala’ apple variety, conducted in Azrou region, Morocco, with a focus on two distinct stages of growth. The main objective was to measure and analyze the diameters at the base and extremity of various architectural components, including the trunk, scaffold branches, and specific fruit-bearing structures like dard, bourse, and fruiting spurs. Our analysis revealed that the variation in diameter at the base was not significantly different between stages for fruiting spurs and dard, but was significant for bourse. Conversely, the diameter at the extremity showed significant variation for fruiting spurs and bourse, but not for dard. Additionally, the study found a predominance of bearing branches, which constituted 44% of the total. However, crowned twigs, simple twigs, and woody twigs, representing only 5% of the branches, were excluded from the analysis due to their low numbers. The study also established significant correlations between the base and extremity diameters across different types of branches. These findings provide valuable insights into the structural dynamics of ’Cherry Gala’ apple trees, which could be instrumental in optimizing orchard management practices and enhancing yield predictions. Future research could benefit from incorporating these structural aspects with fruit production data for a more holistic understanding of apple tree growth and productivity
Energy footprint of the agriculture sector of Morocco
Authors: Abdou Oumara N’gouari Gana , El Youssfi Lahcen
Published: February 2024

The agriculture sector is today the pillar of Moroccan economic growth as it provides around 38% of employment. Today following the modernization of Moroccan agriculture, the increase in energy demand has experienced a large flow of growth while almost all of the country’s energy, coming from fossil sources, is imported. Being one of the vital sectors for society, we analyzed its energy footprint from 2014 to 2021. The results showed that the energies used in the agricultural sector are electricity from coal-fired thermal power plants and diesel/ butane from petroleum. The change in the energy footprint was more than 29% for the study period. Crop production has the largest energy footprint with the cereal sector leading the way while poultry farms have the smallest footprint. The most serious environmental impact is observed at the level of farms using electricity produced from coal, while the cereal sector has more impact on resources. The practice of energy efficiency and the use of renewable energies prove led to a diminution of environmental impact and energy footprint of agriculture sector
Influence of Si contents on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the Zn−Al−Mg−Si alloys
Authors: Liu Guanghui , Teng Huaxiang , Xu Chengliang , Shang Ting , Jiang Guangrui , Liu Zaiwang
Published: February 2024

Hot dip galvanized products are widely used in various aspects of production and life due to their excellent corrosion resistance. Some studies have added a fourth trace alloying element to the zinc aluminum magnesium coating to form a quaternary alloy for better performance. This article prepared two different types of Zn−Al−Mg alloy ingots with trace amounts of Si added by induction melting, consisting of Zn1Al1Mg0.01Si and Zn1Al1Mg0.05Si, and solidified them in a heating furnace with argon gas protection atmosphere. The precipitation process of Zn1Al1Mg(0.01,0.05)Si alloy components under non equilibrium and equilibrium solidification conditions was calculated. The initial crystalline phase of the alloy and the initial solidification temperature were predicted through phase diagram calculations. The microstructure and phase types of the alloy were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrochemical Tafel curves of Zn1Al1Mg(0.01,0.05)Si with different Si contents showed that the Zn1Al1Mg0.05Si has the highest corrosion potential and Zn1Al1Mg0.01Si has the lowest corrosion current which means the 1Al1Mg0.01Si alloy possesses the highest corrosion resistance. The Nyqust curves and bode curves also showed that the practical impedance of 1Al1Mg0.01Si alloy is higher than that of 1Al1Mg0.05Si. Moreover, electron probe X-ray micro-analyzer(EPMA) reveals the distribution of Si elements in the Zn1Al1Mg(0.01,0.05)Si. At present, there is little research on the microstructure and properties of quaternary alloys containing silicon. Therefore, studying the influence of silicon content on the microstructure and properties of alloys is of great significance.
Experimental investigation of wire electrical discharge machining parameters on WE43 magnesium alloy
Authors: Solomon Jebarajan Manickam Aswin Immanuel , Selvakumar Gurusamy , Kumar Shanmugakani Senthil , Narayanasamy Pandiarajan
Published: February 2024

The influence of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) factors on the WE43 magnesium alloy is experimentally investigated in this work. Voltage, peak current, pulse-on time, and pulse-off time, are some of the factors taken into consideration in the study. The goal of the study is to understand how the output responses like material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and development of recast layers are affected by the factors like voltage, peak current, pulse-on time and pulse-off time. The experimental set-up used a wire electrical discharge machine with a brass wire electrode and a workpiece made of the WE43 magnesium alloy. The L27 orthogonal array was used to alter the selected parameters through a series of experiments. The findings of the experimental investigation showed a strong link between the output responses and the electrical discharge machining (EDM) parameters. Peak current was discovered to have a direct correlation with the rate of material removal, with greater currents resulting in faster machining. SR and MRR were affected by pulse-on time and pulse-off time. Voltage had a direct impact on the development and thickness of the recast layer, with higher voltages favoring thinner recast layers.
Roboterassistierte transperitoneale Nierenteilresektion
Authors: Wimmer Sara , Rosenbrock Rhonda , Katzendorn Olga
Published: February 2024

Die Nierenteilresektion ist ein komplexer Eingriff, für den sich viele verschiedene Operationsverfahren etabliert haben – darunter auch die Tumorenukleation mittels eines Robotersystems. Im OP-Ablauf beschreiben wir eine da Vinci-assistierte Nierenteilresektion über einen transperitonealen Zugang.
Atemwegsmanagement als interprofessionelle Aufgabe
Authors: Schiller Benjamin , Rudolf Daniel
Published: February 2024

Die Sicherung des Atemwegs ist eine Kernkompetenz der Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin. Im Fokus steht immer die Sicherheit der Patient*innen – deshalb ist es wichtig, strukturiert vorzugehen. Das Team muss sich über die Methode und mögliche Alternativen einig sein und sich gegenseitig über die vorhandenen Voraussetzungen informieren. Im Schwerpunkt stellen wir verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Atemwegssicherung vor und beleuchten die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den ärztlichen und nichtärztlichen Heilberufen. Dabei steht die Atemwegssicherung bei erwachsenen Patient*innen im Mittelpunkt, da für Kinder andere Voraussetzungen gelten.
Outcomes predictors in endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy with lumen-apposing metal stent: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fugazza Alessandro , Khalaf Kareem , Spadaccini Marco , Facciorusso Antonio , Colombo Matteo , Andreozzi Marta , Carrara Silvia , Binda Cecilia , Fabbri Carlo , Anderloni Andrea , Hassan Cesare , Baron Todd , Repici Alessandro
Published: February 2024

Background and study aims EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) by transduodenal placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) into the extrahepatic bile duct. To identify factors that contribute to safe and effective EUS-CDS using LAMS, we performed a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Methods The methodology of our analysis was based on PRISMA recommendations. Electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, EMBASE) were searched up to November 2022. Full articles that included patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction who underwent EUS-CDS using LAMS after failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were eligible. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed reporting pooled rates of technical success, clinical success, and adverse events (AEs) by means of a random model. Multivariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to assess possible associations between the outcomes and selected variables to assess the correlation between outcomes and different variables. Results were also stratified according to stent size.

Results Twelve studies with 845 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled technical and clinical success rates were 96% (95% confidence interval [CI] 94%-98%; I2 = 52.29%) and 96% (95%CI 95%-98%), respectively, with no significant association with baseline characteristics, such are sex, age, common bile duct diameter, or stent size. The pooled AE rate was 12% (95%CI: 8%-16%; I2 = 71.62%). The AE rate was significantly lower when using an 8 × 8 mm stent as compared with a 6 × 8 mm LAMS (odds ratio 0.59, 0.35–0.99; P = 0.04), with no evidence of heterogeneity (I2 = 0%).

Conclusions EUS-CDS with LAMS is a safe and effective option for relief of MBO. Selecting an appropriate stent size is crucial for achieving optimal safety outcomes.