bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Room temperature conductance switching in a molecular iron(iii) spin crossover junction
Authors: Karuppannan Senthil Kumar , Martín-Rodríguez Alejandro , Ruiz Eliseo , Harding Phimphaka , Harding David J. , Yu Xiaojiang , Tadich Anton , Cowie Bruce , Qi Dongchen , Nijhuis Christian A.
Published: November 2020

Herein, we report the first room temperature switchable Fe(iii) molecular spin crossover (SCO) tunnel junction.
Impact of the macrocyclic structure and dynamic solvent effect on the reactivity of a localised singlet diradicaloid with π-single bonding character
Authors: Wang Zhe , Akisaka Rikuo , Yabumoto Sohshi , Nakagawa Tatsuo , Hatano Sayaka , Abe Manabu
Published: November 2020

An extremely long-lived localised singlet diradical with π-single bonding character is found in a macrocyclic structure that retards the radical–radical coupling reaction by the “stretch and solvent-dynamic effects”.
Sugarcane bagasse based biorefineries in India: potential and challenges
Authors: Konde Kakasaheb S. , Nagarajan Sanjay , Kumar Vinod , Patil Sanjay V. , Ranade Vivek V.
Published: November 2020

Vortex based hydrodynamic cavitation and anaerobic digestion based sugarcane bagasse biorefineries for revitalising the sugar industry.
Particle shape tunes fragility in hard polyhedron glass-formers
Authors: Teich Erin G. , van Anders Greg , Glotzer Sharon C.
Published: November 2020

More tetrahedral particle shapes make less fragile hard particle glass-formers, as evidenced by the density-dependent slope of the log of relaxation time, s(ϕ/ϕC) ≡ ∂ log τα/∂(ϕ/ϕC).
Can oppositely charged polyelectrolyte stars form a gel? A simulational study
Authors: Tagliabue Andrea , Landsgesell Jonas , Mella Massimo , Holm Christian
Published: November 2020

A Langevin MD study of an equimolar mixture of monodispersed oppositely charged di- block four-armed polyelectrolyte stars is presented.  We determine the minimal charged block length which results in gels and we study the ionic bond kinetics.
Combined electrokinetic and shear flows control colloidal particle distribution across microchannel cross-sections
Authors: Lochab Varun , Prakash Shaurya
Published: November 2020

We quantify and investigate the effects of flow parameters on the extent of colloidal particle migration and the corresponding electrophoresis-induced lift force under combined electrokinetic and shear flow.
Temperature-induced liquid crystal microdroplet formation in a partially miscible liquid mixture
Authors: Patel Mehzabin , Radhakrishnan Anand N. P. , Bescher Ludovic , Hunter-Sellars Elwin , Schmidt-Hansberg Benjamin , Amstad Esther , Ibsen Stuart , Guldin Stefan
Published: November 2020

We demonstrate how, for a binary blend of a thermotropic liquid crystal and methanol, cooling from a miscible to an immiscible state induces the reversible formation of microdroplets, whose size, number and mesogen orientation can be controlled by the temperature protocol.
Cu–Fe–NH2 based metal–organic framework nanosheets via drop-casting for highly efficient oxygen evolution catalysts durable at ultrahigh currents
Authors: Shrestha Nabeen K. , Patil Supriya A. , Cho Sangeun , Jo Yongcheol , Kim Hyungsang , Im Hyunsik
Published: November 2020

A scalable and economical drop-cast aided approach for the synthesis of a self-supportive thin-film of Cu–Fe–NH2 based MOF nanosheets as a highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst for water-splitting at high currents.
Isomeric effects of chlorinated end groups on efficient solar conversion
Authors: Mo Daize , Chen Hui , Zhou Jiadong , Han Liang , Zhu Yulin , Chao Pengjie , Zheng Nan , Xie Zengqi , He Feng
Published: November 2020

Three chlorinated isomer-based non-fullerene acceptors show very different photovoltaic performances.
Prefabricated covalent organic framework nanosheets with double vacancies: anchoring Cu for highly efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Zang Ying , Wang Rui , Shao Peng-Peng , Feng Xiao , Wang Shan , Zang Shuang-Quan , Mak Thomas C. W.
Published: November 2020

Anchoring Cu into a prefabricated COF structure yielded a high-performance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution catalyst.
A highly efficient and thermally stable broadband Cr3+-activated double borate phosphor for near-infrared light-emitting diodes
Authors: Huang Decai , Zhu Haomiao , Deng Zhonghua , Yang Hongyi , Hu Jie , Liang Sisi , Chen Dejian , Ma En , Guo Wang
Published: November 2020

GdAl3(BO3)4:Cr3+is used to fabricate a NIR-pc-LED that shows promise for plant lighting and applications in the nondestructive analysis of agricultural products.
Randomised fast no‐loss expert system to play tic‐tac‐toe like a human
Authors: Paul Aditya Jyoti
Published: November 2020

This study introduces a blazingly fast, no‐loss expert system for tic‐tac‐toe using decision trees called T3DT, which tries to emulate human gameplay as closely as possible. It does not make use of any brute force, minimax, or evolutionary techniques, but is still always unbeatable. To make the gameplay more human‐like, randomisation is prioritised and T3DT randomly chooses one of the multiple optimal moves at each step. Since it does not need to analyse the complete game tree at any point, T3DT is exceptionally faster than any brute force or minimax algorithm, this has been shown theoretically as well as empirically from clock‐time analyses in this study. T3DT also does not need the data sets or the time to train an evolutionary model, making it a practical no‐loss approach to play tic‐tac‐toe.
Positive real lemmas for singular fractional‐order systems: the case
Authors: Zhang Qing‐Hao , Lu Jun‐Guo
Published: November 2020

This study investigates the positive real lemmas for singular fractional‐order linear time‐invariant systems with the fractional order . Firstly, a novel condition for the stability and extended strictly positive realness of fractional‐order systems is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Secondly, a novel condition for the admissibility and extended strictly positive realness of singular fractional‐order systems is obtained with two complex variables. Then, another novel condition for the admissibility and extended strictly positive realness of singular fractional‐order systems is established with only one complex variable. Thirdly, the positive real controller synthesis problems are analysed and the corresponding positive real controllers are designed based on the positive real lemmas. Finally, four numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed results in this study.
Age dissection of the Milky Way discs: Red giants in theKeplerfield
Authors: Miglio A. , Chiappini C. , Mackereth J. T. , Davies G. R. , Brogaard K. , Casagrande L. , Chaplin W. J. , Girardi L. , Kawata D. , Khan S. , Izzard R. , Montalbán J. , Mosser B. , Vincenzo F. , Bossini D. , Noels A. , Rodrigues T. , Valentini M. , Mandel I.
Published: November 2020

Ensemble studies of red-giant stars with exquisite asteroseismic (Kepler), spectroscopic (APOGEE), and astrometric (Gaia) constraints offer a novel opportunity to recast and address long-standing questions concerning the evolution of stars and of the Galaxy. Here, we infer masses and ages for nearly 5400 giants with availableKeplerlight curves and APOGEE spectra using the codePARAM, and discuss some of the systematics that may affect the accuracy of the inferred stellar properties. We then present patterns in mass, evolutionary state, age, chemical abundance, and orbital parameters that we deem robust against the systematic uncertainties explored. First, we look at age-chemical-abundances ([Fe/H] and [α/Fe]) relations. We find a dearth of young, metal-rich ([Fe/H] > 0.2) stars, and the existence of a significant population of old (8−9 Gyr), low-[α/Fe], super-solar metallicity stars, reminiscent of the age and metallicity of the well-studied open cluster NGC 6791. The age-chemo-kinematic properties of these stars indicate that efficient radial migration happens in the thin disc. We find that ages and masses of the nearly 400α-element-rich red-giant-branch (RGB) stars in our sample are compatible with those of an old (∼11 Gyr), nearly coeval, chemical-thick disc population. Using a statistical model, we show that the width of the observed age distribution is dominated by the random uncertainties on age, and that the spread of the inferred intrinsic age distribution is such that 95% of the population was born within ∼1.5 Gyr. Moreover, we find a difference in the vertical velocity dispersion between low- and high-[α/Fe] populations. This discontinuity, together with the chemical one in the [α/Fe] versus [Fe/H] diagram, and with the inferred age distributions, not only confirms the different chemo-dynamical histories of the chemical-thick and thin discs, but it is also suggestive of a halt in the star formation (quenching) after the formation of the chemical-thick disc. We then exploit the almost coevalα-rich population to gain insight into processes that may have altered the mass of a star along its evolution, which are key to improving the mapping of the current, observed, stellar mass to the initial mass and thus to the age. Comparing the mass distribution of stars on the lower RGB (R <  11 R⊙) with those in the red clump (RC), we find evidence for a mean integrated RGB mass loss ⟨ΔM⟩ = 0.10 ± 0.02M⊙. Finally, we find that the occurrence of massive (M ≳ 1.1 M⊙)α-rich stars is of the order of 5% on the RGB, and significantly higher in the RC, supporting the scenario in which most of these stars had undergone an interaction with a companion.
Tracking solar wind flows from rapidly varying viewpoints by the Wide-field Imager for Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Nindos A. , Patsourakos S. , Vourlidas A. , Liewer P. C. , Penteado P. , Hall J. R.
Published: November 2020

Aims.Our goal is to develop methodologies to seamlessly track transient solar wind flows viewed by coronagraphs or heliospheric imagers from rapidly varying viewpoints.

Methods.We constructed maps of intensity versus time and elongation (J-maps) from Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Wide-field Imager (WISPR) observations during the fourth encounter of PSP. From the J-map, we built an intensity on impact-radius-on-Thomson-surface map (R-map). Finally, we constructed a latitudinal intensity versus time map (Lat-map). Our methodology satisfactorily addresses the challenges associated with the construction of such maps from data taken from rapidly varying viewpoint observations.

Results.Our WISPR J-map exhibits several tracks, corresponding to transient solar wind flows ranging from a coronal mass ejection down to streamer blobs. The latter occurrence rate is about 4–5 per day, which is similar to the occurrence rate in a J-map made from ~1 AU data obtained with the Heliospheric Imager-1 (HI-1) on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory Ahead spacecraft (STEREO-A). STEREO-A was radially aligned with PSP during the study period. The WISPR J-map tracks correspond to angular speeds of 2.28 ± 0.7°/h (2.49 ± 0.95°/h), for linear (quadratic) time-elongation fittings, and radial speeds of about 150–300 km s−1. The analysis of the Lat-map reveals a bifurcating streamer, which implies that PSP was flying through a slightly folded streamer during perihelion.

Conclusions.We developed a framework to systematically capture and characterize transient solar wind flows from space platforms with rapidly varying vantage points. The methodology can be applied to PSP WISPR observations as well as to upcoming observations from instruments on board the Solar Orbiter mission.
A Geomorphic Framework for the Analysis of Microplastics in Riverine Sediments
Authors: Miller Jerry , Orbock Miller Suzanne M.
Published: November 2020

The wide-spread use and persistence of plastics in the environment have placed them on the list of significant emerging pollutants. In contrast to marine environments, the analysis of plastic debris, including microplastics (particles <5 mm in maximum diameter), in freshwater systems is limited, and even fewer studies have examined microplastics in riverine sediments. Nonetheless, it has become clear that microplastics are now a ubiquitous component of riverine ecosystems and their distribution is dependent on anthropogenic inputs and the physical and chemical processes that control their transport, transformation, and deposition along the drainage network. In many ways, the transport and fate of microplastics will parallel that of other particulate matter that has been extensively studied for at least the last 50 years. Here, we briefly explore the application of a geomorphic approach to the assessment of sediment-contaminated rivers to the microplastic problem, and argue that future studies can significantly benefit by incorporating the principles of this approach into their analyses.
Oil palm and banana root colonization potential of locally isolated nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
Authors: Kek Hoe Then , Sarmidi Mohamad Roji , Syed Alwee Sharifah Shahrul Rabiah , Zakaria Zainul Akmar
Published: November 2020

Oil palm and banana are the biggest commodity crop and the second largest fruit crop planted in Malaysia. Both oil palm and banana are highly nutrient-demanding crops that requires a large amount of fertilizer input. This presents an opportunity to find alternative source of nutrient that is much cheaper than the imported inorganic fertilizer. Currently, the most feasible alternative to the inorganic fertilizer is the recycling of the organic-rich oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) to produce EFB compost as well as the incorporation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) and phosphate-solubilising bacteria (PSB) to the EFB compost to increase the supply of nitrogen and phosphorous to the plant at different stages of growth. Hence, the objective of this study was to isolate, screen and identify indigenous bacterium, from the root surroundings of oil palm and banana plant, with highest nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing properties. Three NFB and PSB strains (Enterobacter cloaceae KU886016, Burkholderia cepacia KU925862, Serratia marcescens KU925861), were successfully isolated and formulated as biofertilizer for evaluation on oil palm and banana seedlings. Enterobacter cloaceae KU886016 showed higher root colonization ability compared to Burkholderia cepacia KU925862 and Serratia marcescens KU925861, as shown from the FESEM analysis. This finding is important as a direct indication on the suitability of using these bacteria in field application as biofertilizer. Long-term expectation is for this finding to be able to assist in reducing the dependency on imported inorganic fertilizers, reducing operational cost as well as promoting sustainable soil health.
Water Reuse Planning for Fulfilment of Clean Water in Indonesia
Authors: Aru Yudhantoro Wedo , Warno Utomo Suyud , Nowo Martono Dwi
Published: November 2020

The number of clean water needed will always increase when the number of the population still shows growth. It must have the same level from the supply and demand or the supply of clean water has higher than the demand for clean water. Some cities in Indonesia have problems with the fulfilment of clean water. Factors from climate change, behaviour, and management can affect the conditions of clean water resources. The development of technologies and science makes the reuse of the water process can be done for another resource of clean water fulfilment. Rainwater harvesting, membrane bioreactors, reverse osmosis, and filtration systems are some kind of processing systems for the water mechanism for the fulfilment of clean water. Sustainable clean water resources and supply is one of the indicators of sustainable development goals. This research was conducted to see how is the potential of water reuse for the fulfilment of clean water in Indonesia by using several systems or processing that have been installed and used. The control and evaluation is the best key to make sure the clean water resources still in the best condition and water reuse is one of the plan to support fulfilment of clean water.
ENIS Model of Environmental Education for Elementary School Students in Japan
Authors: Mulyadi Budi
Published: November 2020

Japan is a country whose people have a high awareness of the importance of environmental preservation. The environment in Japan can be maintained well not apart from the cooperation between the government and the community together to preserve and protect the surrounding environment. One of the keys to Japan's success in protecting the environment is the consistent and dynamic implementation of environmental education since elementary school age. Environmental education in primary schools in Japan is taught directly through experiments and direct observation in the surrounding environment. Environmental education in primary schools in Japan is associated with several subjects, one of which is the subject of Natural Sciences (rika) and Social Sciences (shakai). Environmental education is also taught through integrated study activities (sougotekina gakushu), through efforts to maintain cleanliness together, through assignments during the summer holidays. The model of environmental education is implemented consistently and with full awareness by elementary school managers in Japan and their students so as to produce students who have a high awareness of the importance of protecting the environment.
Diponegoro University Heading to become a Research University (Phase I – Phase IV) Between Expectation and Reality
Authors: Handayani Tri , Maheswari Daivangga
Published: November 2020

Diponegoro Universityis one reputable university belonging to Indonesia. This state university is located in Semarang, Central Java Province. Global dynamics have also colored its journey in implementing its traditionally assigned three missions: teaching, conducting research, and providing public services. These make this university highly confident heading to become a research university. A research university is a step to take that the university has its competitiveness to compete with the others in the world. There are some Higher Education-rankings institutions which evaluate all Higher Education Institutions in the world, such as Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) World University Rankings, Times Higher Education (THE) University Rankings, 4 International Colleges and Universities (4ICU), and Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU). Meanwhile, the ministry which has the function to make coordination with higher education institutions in Indonesia has also conducted higher education institutional ratings, primarily for Indonesian internal needs. The criteria of a research university refer to those evaluated by the higher education institutional ratings in the international level. A research university is a new paradigm which encourages a higher education institution in Indonesia to become highly confident to globally compete with the others in the whole world.
Master Recession Curve (MRC) analysis to characterize karst aquifers of several springs in the north side of the Karangbolong (Gombong) karst area
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia Ika , Priambada Alpine Prima , Al-Ghozali Muhammad Qodri , Fauzi Danang Riza , Adji Tjahyo Nugroho , Setyawan Andy , Mahrizkhal Danung Shodikh , Agniy Romza Fauzan , Nurkholis Afid , Cahyadi Ahmad , Astuti Elisabeth Supi , Haryono Eko
Published: November 2020

Karst aquifers have triple porosity (diffuse, fissure, and conduit) which makes their characterization difficult, and often requires a combination of particular methods and investigation over a long period. The purpose of this study is to analyse the components of the flood hydrograph and create a master recession curve (MRC) in karst aquifers that recharge several springs on the north side of the Karangbolong Karst Area (Gombong). The springs studied include Kalisirah, Jumbleng, and Kalikarak springs. The data used are time-series discharges recorded every 15 minutes from November 2018 to March 2020. Furthermore, the reconstruction of the flow regime for MRC is carried out with the help of RC 4.0 software, which is at the same time able to define the level of karst aquifer development. The results showed that Kalisirah and Kalikarak Springs have a complex discharge regime with a degree of karstification in class 8, while Jumbleng Springs in class 5. Analysis of the components of the flood hydrograph reinforces the results of the calculation of the karstification degree. The time to the peak (Tlag) of the Kalisirah and Kalikarak Springs is relatively fast (1.94 and 1.44 hours), which indicates that conduit flow has developed, while Jumbleng spring has a longer Tlagof 2.69 hours. Calculation of time to base flow (Tb) both manually (by flood events analysis) and automatically (by MRC) shows that Kalikarak Springs has the longest time with an average of about 31 hours which reflects that karst aquifers which contribute to it are still quite good in storing groundwater, while Jumbleng spring has the fastest Tbvalue with an average of 17.25 hours which reflects the shortest release of water storage compared to the other two springs.
Community preparedness toward flood during Covid-19 pandemic at Pekalongan City and Regency
Authors: Smoro Laksmi Gardena , Rudiarto Iwan , Luqman Yanuar
Published: November 2020

Several countries experience difficulties in overcoming the effects of natural disasters amid the Covid-19 pandemic, such as Typhoon Hagibis in Japan, floods due to melting snow in Canada, Typhoons in Bangladesh, and Cyclone Harold in Pacific countries. Natural disasters that affected the world during infectious diseases did not only occur in 2020. Earthquakes struck Haiti during the 2010 Cholera epidemic outbreak and respiratory infections during the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in 2011. Something similar happens in Indonesia, one of which is flood and tidal flood in Pekalongan that occur during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study reviews the efforts of countries in overcoming natural disasters during the pandemic. It aims to propose an approach for flood disasters preparedness in Pekalongan so that disaster preparedness process including victim evacuation, can be done without increasing the spread of Covid-19. Information about humanity, disaster management, health, water and sanitation that are disseminated to the public must be supported by scientific knowledge to avoid the spread of myths and negative stigma. Coordination between stakeholders and the local community plays the most important role in flood disaster preparedness with the Covid-19 protocol during the pandemic.
Human and long-tailed macaque conflict in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fitria Wahyuni , Nur Bambang Azis , Wasiq Hidayat Jafron
Published: November 2020

Long-tailed macaques are highly adaptive in various types of habitats. Their behaviour who are accustomed to living in groups with specific activities greatly affects the home range in getting food. They have ecological and cultural values for a particular community; unfortunately, it was well known as an agricultural crop pest. Quality of the habitat to be one determinant factor of macaques disruptions. The purposes of the study are to understand the conditions of conflict humans and macaques in Central Java that used as a reference in determining solutions. Data analyzed descriptively from various reports and research findings. The data collected identified from 2011 to 2019. Disturbance of long-tailed macaque in Central Java occurs at least 15 regencies with the population reaching thousands of individuals of damage to crops and even enter settlements. The macaque's behaviour that is considered detrimental causes conflicts with humans which at the end, creating various handling efforts ranging from expulsion to hunting. Some research findings show that people's perceptions of wild animals will affect efforts to resolve or mitigate the problem of human conflict with wildlife and negative attitudes can cause adverse effects for conservation efforts.
Microplastic pollution from sea salt: its effect on public health and prevention alternatives - a review
Authors: Nilawati  , Sunarsih  , Sudarno
Published: November 2020

Salt is a commodity that is needed by everyone. There is a problem because many salts are contaminated with microplastics (MPs). Indonesia to meet the needs of industry with first-class quality salt must be imported. This paper is a review of microplastics from several salt importing countries to Indonesia and also to describe the effect of microplastics for the health public and prevention alternatives. This review used secondary data from total and types (MPs) contamination, amount of salt imports. The results show that almost all salt exports to Indonesia are contaminated by microplastic. Types of microplastic contaminated in Indonesia's sea salt production were tainted with MPs of PE, PP, and PET types. Contamination microplastic from imported salt is PE, PP, PET, Acrylic, nylon, PVC, PS. The number of polluted MPs is the lowest was 0-9 particles, the higher was 120-718 particles/kg salt. The effect of microplastic on health in the form of cancer, brain function, genetic changes, bronchitis, liver dysfunction, eye irritation. Alternative prevention by recycling plastic waste, changing public behavior in the use of plastics and filtration technology.
Rice husk as renewable energy for biogas production from biomass: prospect and challenges
Authors: Izzati Dyah Lantasi Ayudya , Syafrudin  , Budiyono
Published: November 2020

Greenhouse gas emissions go hand in hand with fossil energy consumption. The use of fossil energy has increased sharply in the past 15 years. Biogas is one of renewable energy derived from biomass that can overcome greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the generation of organic solid waste. Some materials with high lignin content are good substrates to increase biogas production. Rice husk is a potential material to be used as a biogas substrate and it is quite abundant in Indonesia. However, its utilization for full scale operation has not been maximized. This review article will discuss the potential of rice husks as substrates and prospects in their implementation including various characteristics, influence factors to optimize and up-scale the biogas production. Further research is needed to increase biogas production and overcome existing obstacles.
Water quality assessment and control efforts use the pollution index method in the Sikendil river
Authors: Lenty Hoya Ade , Nany Yuliastuti , Utomo Sudarno , Ramadhani Maharlika Andrea
Published: November 2020

Water is one of the primary needs of living things. Everyday human life needs water from drinking water consumption, water recreation, animal husbandry, and agriculture. It is important to monitor water quality in water bodies so that they can be used properly. The goal is to find out water quality in Sikendil River, Klepu Village, Pringapus District, Semarang Regency, and Pollution control efforts undertaken by stakeholders. Water quality will be assessed using the Pollution Index Method, pollutant Physical, Chemical, and Biological parameter test results compared with quality standards in government regulations No. 82 of 2001. Samples were taken at the ordinate point S: 070 10 '52.7 "E: 1100 26' 52.2 ". Secondary data from the Semarang Regency DLH lab test results in 2019. The result is that the parameters exceed the quality standards of nitrate, nitrite, free chlorine, and COD. Water quality was in the Polluted category for the water class I, II, and III designations at 9.50, 9.41, and 9, 35. The status of Medium Pollution in water class IV is 1.66. Consistency, supervision, counseling, and periodic reporting are needed between stakeholders
Water quality condition of Sani river as source of drinking water of PDAM Tirta Bening in Pati Regency
Authors: Rina Mailisa Evta , Yulianto Bambang , Warsito Budi
Published: November 2020

Sani river is one of the rivers in Pati Regency, provided as the drinking water source by PDAM Tirta Bening. The people’s activities inhabit along the Sani river affect its water quality. The purpose of this study was 1) analyzed the quality of the Sani river water, and 2) evaluated the status of the Sani river water quality. The data used was the 2018 Sani river water quality data obtained from the Environmental Services of Pati Regency. The study's location was represented by selected three monitoring points, i.e., upstream, middle, and downstream areas of the Sani river, such as the Seloromo reservoir, Sidokerto village, and Gilis hamlet. For knowing the river water quality level, it was necessary to compare the river water quality data with the Indonesia Government Regulation (PP) No. 82/2001. The Sani river water quality status was analyzed using the pollution index method according to the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 115/2003. In conclusion, the Sani river water quality status in such the- study site was classified as slightly polluted and moderate polluted.
Covid Economic Policy and Media Response: an Analysis of Culture and Media Content
Authors: Amirudin Amirudin , Subiyanto Agus
Published: November 2020

This study explores the media's response to Indonesia's economic strategy in overcoming the impact of Covid-19 based on the assumption with the worst scenario, Indonesia will deal with an economic slowdown of minus 0.4%. Most research shows the public response to the implementation of economic strategies gives a positive perception, but not necessarily with the media response. This research was conducted from 1 April to 30 April 2020, designed using content and culture analysis methods to reveal how the media responds to national economic policies with data sources from the news media. The unit of analysis in this research is news and opinions from media people (newspeople). Analysis was carried out with a taxonomic model to the national media Kompas, Detik, and Tempo to find patterns of media response. The study found that media response patterns manifested in 3 patterns: (a) supportive, (b) neutral, and (c) resistant. In general, the supporting pattern is the most prominent in the three media. This pattern is dominant because the media considers the best attitude in a crisis situation is the concern of the state. The media sees this form of concern as reflected in the economic strategy adopted to deal with the impact of Covid-19. To maintain positive media perceptions, researchers recommend that the government needs to continue to protect and mitigate vulnerable groups that are experiencing economic damage by implementing two strategies: (a) basic needs access or meeting basic needs, and (b) sustainability livelihood access or providing opportunities for vulnerable groups to have sustainable livelihoods.
Story Meaning in Warera no Jidai no Fuukoroa -Koodo Shihon Shugi Zenshi by Murakami Haruki
Authors: Ainul Fadli Zaki
Published: November 2020

Warera no Jidai no Fuukoroa - Koodo Shihon Shugi Zenshi's short story by Murakami Haruki tells the romance of Japanese teenagers in the 60s (Showa era). This study uses a sociological approach to literature to analyze the meaning of the story through a picture of the society of the 60s told in a short story. The results showed that in the Showa period gender equality was still difficult to realize because people's thinking still supported patriarchal domination. Besides, the portrayal of the romance story is the author's criticism of the fragility of society in that era.
Job Shift of The Indonesian International Return Migrant in Central Java Province
Authors: Suyanto
Published: November 2020

This study aims to explain: (i) shift jobs in Indonesian International Return Migrant (IIRM) between before and after becoming a international migrant; (ii) migrant jobs in the destination country and after returning to Indonesia; and (iii) duration of time as IIRM and number of countries of work. This study uses a theoretical framework of needs and stress theory. This study uses survey design and case studies and selected the location of studies in the Central Java. The determination of the sample size of this study uses the Krejcie and Morgan techniques. Based on the calculation results, the number of respondents in this study was 313 respondents. The number of informants for this study was 60 people. Data collection uses structured interview methods, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Data analysis uses descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative descriptive analysis. The analysis showed that a significant shift in migrant worker occurred in the employment of labor who switched to trade, before working abroad as much as 22.7% to 9.3% and the trade sector from 4.8% to 20.4%, in addition to the agricultural sector (8.6% to 11.8%) and services (2.9% to 6.1%). The duration of time for migrants working abroad for more than 4 years is 50.8%. The main objective of international migration for Indonesian migrants is Southeast Asia, 38% and second, East Asia, which is almost 29%. The employment sector that absorbs the most labor in various destination countries is domestic work (69%), which includes 60% of domestic work (household work) and 8% in nursing homes. In addition, migrants work in the plantation sector, which is 6.5%. These three jobs are known as smelly, heavy and dangerous (S.H.D) or in Indonesia as bau, berat, bahaya (3B), which are usually a relatively for work force segment of low education.
Coastal Ecosystem as Salt Production Centre in Indonesia
Authors: Mahasin M. Zaki , Rochwulaningsih Yety , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri
Published: November 2020

This study analyzes several factors in which salt production can be produced and also identify the existing knowledge to manage the process as well as equipment of salt making. This study is qualitative research, therefore primary and secondary data of climatology, land typology and land use have been used. The results of this study show there are some factors that affected salt production, including rainfall, soil texture, land contour; and access to seawater. The rainfall is a major factor affecting the success of salt making in Indonesia. Meanwhile, heavy rain has influenced the success of salt production. Soil texture plays an important role in salt production. It is not only due to the effect on the productivity and quality of the water above it but also because of its suitability for the construction of salt ponds and embankment. Seawater access to is also greatly crucial in salt production. Ideal access to seawater is by utilizing tides so that it does not need a machine to pump seawater to the salt production plots.
Gender Inequality in Japanese Fairy Tales with Female Main Character
Authors: Noviana Fajria
Published: November 2020

Gender at root is a system of inequality that is founded on cultural beliefs about status differences between men and women. Women usually became the one who are disadvantaged in a relatively similar-situated men. This paper discusses the gender inequality upon women that can be found in Japanese fairy tales that have female main character entitled Kaguyahime and Tsuru no Ongaeshi. Fairy tales chosen as the object of this study because as a traditional story that is told from generation to generation, fairy tales are able to absorb aspects of life found in the supporting community groups, both in the form of social problems, ethics, and others. The results of feminist literary criticism on the object f this study are that both of the fairy tales has four forms of the gender inequality acts toward women, which are marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, and gender-related violence; and none of them has the double workload form. This could be due to the fact that when this fairy tale made, there were none of any women’s activities are performed in the public sphere, as well as being a housewife in their domestic sphere.
Valorisation and Development of Local Potential Through A Sustainable Tourism Scenario in South Sumatera
Authors: Prima Listen
Published: November 2020

Ineffective local development due to globalisation and urban agglomeration causes a significant gap between urban and rural areas. The need to promote the contribution of local development in rural areas has been a topic of debate and could be fulfilled by an innovative method. This research proposes a village alliance as the innovative framework to analyse the local potential within the case study area of Lubuk Sepang Village, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The framework of village alliance fits in the sustainability concepts that integrates Lubuk Sepang Village with eight other villages as an alliance as well as an applicative method that is representative of most dominant context of the rural area development, especially in Indonesia. Regarding the local potential, this research uses a case study method to explore a sustainable tourism scenario by using multiple tools: field survey, expert interviews, maps analysis, and SWOT analysis. The research aims to explore the local potential and outline the integration of the heritage richness with other potential elements based on the tourism advancement perspective. The result is an initial stage for the prospective method of protection, valorisation, and development of the local heritage richness.
Consideration factors in domestic investment for renewable energy development in Indonesia
Authors: Riansyah Septi , Chalid Dony A.
Published: November 2020

Development of renewable energy seen as one of the solutions when we talk about the climate change issue. Rapid growth and uncontrolled fossil fuel usage start to have an impact on world society. Renewable energy is a reliable solution to reduce further fossil fuel exploitation. This research is aiming to know consideration factors for domestic investors' decision to support the development of renewable energy in Indonesia as one of the funding beside FDI. Data gathered by the two-stage collection process – the first stage is in an expert interview to determining frameworks (AHP model) of factors related to domestic investment. The second stage is testing the framework using the AHP approach for each level in a pairwise comparison. This research showed that the domestic investors perceived access to the grid is crucial due to the market condition where government-owned companies fully control all power distribution. Getting the transparency on project clarity also critical for the independent power producers (IPP). By having it, the IPP can get a clear picture of the project requirement and provide the best proposal to the prospective investor. The last important factor is having Feed-in Tariff (FIT) pricing policy, which allowed guarantee fixed electricity prices. The IPP will be able to get financial return certainty and be relatively more comfortable forecasting their project cash flow.
The Effect of Grinding on Biogas Production from Rice Husk Waste During Solid State Anaerobic Digestion (SS-AD)
Authors: Syafrudin  , Dwi Nugraha Winardi , Bahrani Aisyah , Hawali Abdul Matin Hashfi , Budiyono
Published: November 2020

Biogas technology solves the problem of energy crisis. Biogas is a renewable and environment friendly fuel (Franthena, 2015). This study aims to determine the optimum value of grinding size variations in biogas production with the solid state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) method of biogas production from rice husk waste. We divide the method used into four stages, namely, the testing phase of total rice content, solids, preparation phase, operation phase, and results analysis. The rice husk waste used for this study came from the Rowosari area. We accept rice for preliminary treatment with chemical pretreatment (NaOH). We soaked rice husk with a concentration of 6% NaOH for 24 hours as a control variable. Milling variations used as physical pretreatment are 10 mesh, 18 mesh, 35 mesh, 60 mesh. We used bioreactors with a volume of 200 ml. We observed all biogas reactors produced every two days for ± 60 days of research. The results showed that the reactors with 10 mesh, 18 mesh, 35 mesh, 60 mesh milling variations obtained a total biogas yield of 11.688484; 9,479955; 12.50772; 19,03718 ml / grTS until the 60th day. The control reactor (without grinding variations) produced 9,084606 ml / grTS. The highest biogas production level is 60 mesh with a value, (A) 19.03718 (ml / grTS); the rate of biogas production (U) 0.2416979 (ml / gr TS.day); and the minimum time for biogas formation (λ) is 3.83908 days.
Estimating GHG Emission Level from Oil and Gas Offshore Production Facility
Authors: Pinem Satya , Karuniasa Mahawan , Abdini Chairil
Published: November 2020

Oil and gas (O&G) production activities emits greenhouse gases (GHG) which must be well estimated to improve accountability and formulating efficient mitigation. The Indonesia’s GHG emission reported thru Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) was estimated by Tier-1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) method, while the O&G company adopts different methodology. This leads to asynchronous GHG emission contribution of this industry to national GHG emission. This paper aims to estimate the GHG inventory from O&G offshore production facility by using American Petroleum Institute (API) Compendium Methodology and compare it with Tier-1 IPCC Methodology. It found that GHG emission estimated by API method is significantly lower than IPCC method. Both methods shown fuel combustion sources are the dominant. GHG emission sources from fuel combustion and flaring have been well identified, but emission sources from venting and fugitive need to be improved. Moreover this study identified that to have more accurate national GHG inventory, the GHG calculation method might be different for each industry segment. This evaluation could improve the future national GHG inventory and as reference for the industry. National emission factors database for O&G industry segment is highly suggested to be developed.
Phenolic compound derived from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of coconut shell: Isolation and antibacterial activity testing
Authors: Nuryana Dwi , Fahrul Rahman Alim Muhammad , Okta Loveyanto Rendy , Adi Wibowo Bayu , Safazliana Binti Raja Sulong Raja , Amir Asyraf Mohd Hamzah Mohd , Akmar Zakaria Zainul , Dewi Kusumaningtyas Ratna
Published: November 2020

Indonesia is rich in natural resources, coconut plantation being one of them. The coconut processing industry produces coconut shell (CS) waste. The most effective technique to increase the value of this waste is to convert CS biomass through pyrolysis process. This research focuses on intensification of conversion process of CS by Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis (MAP) to obtain PA. PA contains phenolic compounds which have antibacterial properties so they can be formulated as an antibacterial agent. CS has moisture and ash content of 8.89% and 0.21%, respectively. PA was produced from the MAP of CS at 600W at 450℃ and 500oC for 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The PA was extracted using ethyl acetate to obtain phenolic contents. Optimum pyrolysis condition was found at 400oC for 30 minutes and yield of PA was determined at 32.20 g with total phenolic content (TPC) of 112.13 mg GAE/g. The inhibition zone of phenolic extract from coconut shell (PECS) using E. Coli was determined within 22-25 mm that quantitatively PECS can effectively kill bacteria. PECS by MAP and its aplication as an antibacterial agent has never been performed, so this work is an important contribution in the intensification of pyrolysis and in medical field.
Prediction of Aerodynamics Coefficients of Modified NACA 4415 Airfoil Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Sudarsono  , Huda Saiful , Rusianto Toto
Published: November 2020

The aim of the resent work is to predict the aerodynamic performance of modified NACA 4415 airfoil using computational fluid dynamics modelling. The performance is compared to that of NACA 4415 Standard. The simulation is performed using FLUENT with the variables of freestream velocity (i.e. 3, 4, 5, and 18 m/s) and angle of attacks (i.e. -12°, -10°, -8°, -6°, 0°, 6°, 12°, 14°, 16°, 18°, and 20°). The results indicate that the modified NACA 4415 airfoil has better lift and momentum coefficient. The value of lift coefficient of modified NACA 4415 is relatively higher than NACA 4415, especially at -12° < α <-8° and 12° < α <20°. In addition, the momentum coefficient of the modified NACA 4415 is also higher than the NACA 4415 at -12° < α <20°.
Identification of Musculoskeletal Disorder Complaint, Dermatitis Incident and Respiratory Disorder in Smoked Fish Worker
Authors: Setyaningsih Yuliani , Wahyuni Ida , Ekawati
Published: November 2020

Smoked fish is one of the most popular side dishes. Workers in the smoked fish industry do their work with sitting postures in a stool. This posture causes many complaints of musculoskeletal in workers. They are always in contact with water that causing itching and redness. The fogging process of the fish makes the work area full of smoke, so workers complain the shortness of breath. Besides, the work area was always flooded and dirty. The purpose of this study was to describe the hygiene sanitation condition, musculoskeletal complaints, the incidence of dermatitis and respiratory disorder. This research was a quantitative research with cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at a smoked fish center in Bonang, Demak, Central Java. Research subjects as many as 80 people were taken randomly. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. The results showed the majority of workers were female by 72.5%, the majority of workers aged ≤35 years by 66,3% and the majority of workers had a working period of <5 years of 52.5%. Health complaints experienced were 87% MSDs complaints, dermatitis 40% and respiratory complaints 76%.
Antioxidant Potential ofKersenLeaves (Muntingia CalaburaL.) Leaves to Increase Endogenous Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Enzymes in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Indriawati Ratna , Nizar Anatyo
Published: November 2020

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing. DM can cause an imbalance between protective antioxidants and increased production of free radicals. One such antioxidant is the endogenous enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx).Kersen(Muntingia calaburaL.) contains flavonoids which show antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential antioxidant ofKersenLeaves (Muntingia CalaburaL.) leaves to GPx Enzymes in Diabetic Rats. This research is included in an experimental study with a post-test design only with control category design. The subjects of this study were 36 male rats. The measure of GDP levels using the GOD-PAP enzymatic method, while GPx uses the UV method. Data were analyzed using paired-t-test and OneWay ANOVA test. Statistical test results with paired t test showed significant differences in GDP levels before and after treatment (p = 0.0001). In the OneWay ANOVA test there was a average different GPx levels in each category (p = 0.0001). The most effective steeping increases the GPx level is a dose of 750 mg / 200 gr BW.
COVID-19 disease transmission model considering direct and indirect transmission
Authors: Aldila Dipo
Published: November 2020

A mathematical model for understanding the COVID-19 transmission mechanism proposed in this article considering two important factors: the path of transmission (direct-indirect) and human awareness. Mathematical model constructed using a four-dimensional ordinary differential equation. We find that the Covid-19 free state is locally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is less than one, and unstable otherwise. Unique endemic states occur when the basic reproduction number is larger than one. From sensitivity analysis on the basic reproduction number, we find that the media campaign succeeds in suppressing the endemicity of COVID-19. Some numerical experiments conducted to show the dynamic of our model respect to the variation of parameters value.