bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacists can improve diagnosis and help prevent diagnostic errors
Authors: Enomoto Kiichi , Kosaka Chintaro , Kimura Toru , Watanuki Satoshi , Kurihara Masaru , Watari Takashi , Schaye Verity
Published: January 2022

We present two cases that highlight the role of pharmacists in the diagnostic process and illustrate how a culture of safety and teamwork between pharmacists and physicians can help prevent diagnostic errors.
HEM11δ and HEM12δ-based Quad band Quad Sense Circularly Polarized tunable Graphene-based MIMO Dielectric Resonator Antenna
Authors: Upender Patri , Kumar Amarjit
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a two port circularly polarized (CP) MIMO Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (CDRA) with Quad-band response is designed for terahertz (THz) applications. This antenna is new since MIMO DRA antennas in the THz frequency range have never been described before. Also, by the varying graphene potential of the antenna, isolation between the two antennas is increased and CP tuning can be achieved which is another unique feature of this proposed antenna at THz region. The proposed DRA generates two higher order modes (HEM11δ and HEM12δ). The 3 dB Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW) of 8.22, 2.48, 3.67 and 5.67% is achieved at four resonant frequencies. Various MIMO performance parameters are evaluated and these parameters are within acceptable limits. Advantages of the proposed design are quad response, higher order modes generation, CP tuning and good isolation between the ports. The tunability of graphene material allows it to provide CP responses in the frequency region that is most useful in biomedical applications. The use of a CP antenna in a THz biomedical application can improve system sensitivity by reducing polarisation losses and aligning them. All these features make the proposed MIMO DRA potentially suitable for THz applications.
Trispecific antibodies produced from mAb2 pairs by controlled Fab-arm exchange
Authors: Natale Veronica , Stadlmayr Gerhard , Benedetti Filippo , Stadlbauer Katharina , Rüker Florian , Wozniak-Knopp Gordana
Published: January 2022

Bispecific antibodies and antibody fragments are therapeutics of growing importance. They are clinically applied for effector cell engagement, enhanced targeting selectivity, addressing of multiple cellular pathways and active transfer of certain activities into difficult-to-reach compartments. These functionalities could profit from a third antigen specificity. In this work we have employed symmetrical bispecific parental antibodies of mAb2 format, which feature a novel antigen binding site in the CH3 domains, and engineered them with a minimal number of point mutations to guide the formation of a controlled Fab-arm exchanged trispecific antibody at a high yield after reduction and re-oxidation. Two model antibodies, one reactive with EGFR, Her2 and VEGF, and one with Fab-arms binding to Ang2 and VEGF and an Fc fragment binding to VEGF, were prepared and examined for heterodimeric status, stability, antigen binding properties and biological activity. Resulting molecules were of good biophysical characteristics and retained antigen reactivity and biological activity of the parental mAb2 constructs.
Recent GPS-based long wavelength crustal deformation revealed active postseismic deformation due to the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake
Authors: Pratama Cecep , Heliani Leni Sophia , Widjajanti Nurrohmat , Gunawan Endra , Anjasmara Ira Mutiara , Novianti Suci Tresna , Sari Tika Widya , Yuni Retno Eka , Sekarsari Adelia
Published: January 2022

We analyze the Global Positioning System (GPS)-derived strain rate distribution to investigate active crustal structure in Central Java, Indonesia, using ten years (2010–2019) continuous and permanent observation data. Central Java is the third-most populous province in Indonesia where postseismic deformation of devastating Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006 might influence the GPS data. The postseismic extensional response might overshadow the low contractional process due to active tectonics deformation. A decomposition method of a calculated strain rate shows a long wavelength feature with the extensional region in the vicinity of the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake may reflect the postseismic process remain active. The short wavelength pattern is sharpening potential active tectonics dominated by oblique Northwest-Southeast dip-slip motion with East-West left-lateral sense. Our result demonstrates essential implications for assessing future seismic hazard potential within a low strain rate such as the Central Java region.
RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal and salivary specimens: contribution of alternative collection systems and extraction processes to cope with mass screening. Interpretation of low viral loads
Authors: Robinet Sylvain , Parisot François , Cochonot Laurie , Schiltz Benjamin , Paboeuf Camille , Nedelec Clement , Espinet Laurent , Heddebaut Alexis
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Due to massive screening of the persistent coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, supply difficulties emerged for swabs and extraction reagents leading to test alternative choices. Quality sampling may have an impact on the result and a low RNA detection may be difficult to interpret because it does not necessarily mean that infectious particles are present in biological samples. There is a need to understand whether the Ct value information is relevant and informative.

Methods

We compared the pre-analytical stability of RNA in saline solution, UTM®, Amies and Cary-Blair transport media. Expression profile of E, N and RdRp genes was assessed at various concentration levels with the Allplex™ 2019-nCoV Assay. Factors that may influence the determination of Ct were studied with several extraction reagents coupled to the GSD NovaPrime® SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing kit.

Results

Seventy two-hour RNA stability has been demonstrated for all the transport media assessed. A matrix effect was shown, leading to a decrease in the detection of E and RdRp genes, so that only N gene was often found for Ct greater than 35.0. A follow-up over more than 67,000 patients suggests that N gene may be a sensitive indicator to detect a new active viral circulation, but establishing a correlation between a positive threshold and a low risk of infection for a given method remains difficult.

Conclusions

Several transport media and extraction processes are suitable for PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 detection. During periods of active virus circulation, any weakly positive results should be considered.
Committing to interdependence: Implications from game theory for human–robot trust
Authors: Razin Yosef S. , Feigh Karen M.
Published: January 2022

Human–robot interaction (HRI) and game theory have developed distinct theories of trust for over three decades in relative isolation from one another. HRI has focused on the underlying dimensions, layers, correlates, and antecedents of trust models, while game theory has concentrated on the psychology and strategies behind singular trust decisions. Both fields have grappled to understand over-trust and trust calibration, as well as how to measure trust expectations, risk, and vulnerability. This article presents initial steps in closing the gap between these fields. By using insights and experimental findings from interdependence theory and social psychology, this work starts by analyzing a large game theory competition data set to demonstrate that the strongest predictors for a wide variety of human–human trust interactions are the interdependence-derived variables for commitment and trust that we have developed. It then presents a second study with human subject results for more realistic trust scenarios, involving both human–human and human–machine trust. In both the competition data and our experimental data, we demonstrate that the interdependence metrics better capture social “overtrust” than either rational or normative psychological reasoning, as proposed by game theory. This work further explores how interdependence theory – with its focus on commitment, coercion, and cooperation – addresses many of the proposed underlying constructs and antecedents within human–robot trust, shedding new light on key similarities and differences that arise when robots replace humans in trust interactions.
Privacy framework for context-aware robot development
Authors: Heuer Tanja , Schiering Ina , Gerndt Reinhard
Published: January 2022

Privacy is an essential topic in (social) robotics and becomes even more important when considering interactive and autonomous robots within the domestic environment. Robots will collect a lot of personal and sensitive information about the users and their environment. Thereby, privacy does consider the topic of (cyber-)security and the protection of information against misuse by involved service providers. So far, the main focus relies on theoretical concepts to propose privacy principles for robots. This article provides a privacy framework as a feasible approach to consider security and privacy issues as a basis. Thereby, the proposed privacy framework is put in the context of a user-centered design approach to highlight the correlation between the design process steps and the steps of the privacy framework. Furthermore, this article introduces feasible privacy methodologies for privacy-enhancing development to simplify the risk assessment and meet the privacy principles. Even though user participation plays an essential role in robot development, this is not the focus of this article. Even though user participation plays an essential role in robot development, this is not the focus of this article. The employed privacy methodologies are showcased in a use case of a robot as an interaction partner contrasting two different use case scenarios to encourage the importance of context awareness.
The minimum number of multiplicity 1 eigenvalues among real symmetric matrices whose graph is a nonlinear tree
Authors: Ding Wenxuan , Johnson Charles R.
Published: January 2022

In the study of eigenvalues, multiplicities, and graphs, the minimum number of multiplicities equal to 1 in a real symmetric matrix with graph G, U(G), is an important constraint on the possible multiplicity lists among matrices in 𝒮(G). Of course, the structure of G must determine U(G), but, even for trees, this linkage has proven elusive. If T is a tree, U(T) is at least 2, but may be much greater. For linear trees, recent work has improved our understanding. Here, we consider nonlinear trees, segregated by diameter. This leads to a new combinatorial construct called a core, for which we are able to calculate U(T). We suspect this bounds U(T) for all nonlinear trees with the given core. In the process, we develop considerable combinatorial information about cores.
„Wir kriegen die Vereine nicht über das Thema Integration“ – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Steuerung interkultureller Öffnung im organisierten Sport
Authors: Borggrefe Carmen , Cachay Klaus
Published: January 2022

Der Beitrag analysiert auf der Basis theoretischer Überlegungen sowie empirischer Ergebnisse Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Steuerung interkultureller Öffnung von Sportvereinen durch Sportverbände. Es wird gezeigt, dass die interkulturelle Öffnung der Vereine funktional ausgerichteter Strategien seitens der Sportverbände bedarf, die an die Ziele und Zwecke der Vereine anschließen, und dass Netzwerke den zentralen Mechanismus bei der Koordination der Interorganisationsbeziehungen zwischen Sportverbänden und Sportvereinen darstellen.
Mixed Martial Arts: Zwischen sportifiziertem Spektakel und spektakularisiertem Sport
Authors: Staack Michael
Published: January 2022

Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) hat sich global und auch in Deutschland sukzessive zu einem sportkulturellen Mainstream-Phänomen entwickelt. Vorliegender Artikel untersucht die diskursiven und praktischen Logiken, nach denen sich das Feld des MMA organisiert. Der soziologische Blick auf MMA-Wettkämpfe zeigt, dass diese über körperlich relativ ungefährliche Performanzen eine Ästhetik körperlicher Gefährdung und darüber Vorstellungen von kämpferischer Authentizität herstellen. Basierend auf empirischem Material erweitert der Artikel den soziologischen Blick, indem er das MMA-Training untersucht. Auch hier finden, insbesondere in der Trainingspraxis des Sparrings, praktische Konstruktionen von Vorstellungen kämpferischer Authentizität statt. Einerseits erfolgt dies darüber, dass die Praxiskonfiguration des Sparrings die kontrollierte Herstellung eines Erlebnisses kämpferischer Unkontrolliertheit ermöglicht. Andererseits erfolgt es darüber, dass die Praxiskonfiguration die Trainierenden ihr Kampftraining in spezifischer Weise als kämpferisch besonders radikal und endgültig erleben lässt.
From ‘Protecting Indigenous Workers’ towards Protecting Labour Standards?
Authors: Krings Torben
Published: January 2022

The article examines how the Austrian trade union movement has responded to increased cross-border mobility in the context of labour market opening in 2011. Instead of opting for restrictions, an unrealistic policy in any case, the main emphasis now is on the enforcement of labour standards. Unions pursued this issue primarily through the Austrian social partnership, which fostered a comprehensive re-regulatory response. However, under the radar of inclusive bargaining institutions, incidents of non-compliance remain a challenge, especially involving cross-border subcontracting. Thus, a nationally-bounded enforcement strategy reaches its limits in transnational labour markets. This is increasingly acknowledged by unions who are complementing their partnership approach with more emphasis on transnational cooperation and initiatives that are geared towards the inclusion of mobile workers.
Competitive Europeanisation, Transnational Production and a Multiscalar Perspective on Social Policy in Europe
Authors: Hürtgen Stefanie
Published: January 2022

The article discusses social policy with regard to the multiscalar competitive architecture of Europeanisation. The basic thesis is that the foundational logic of contemporary Europeanisation must be understood as a logic of economic integration via multiscalar socio-political fragmentation. For such an analysis, a critical political economy of Europeanisation is necessary, more precisely a labour-oriented European political economy of scale. I argue that existing regime-competition debates need to be broadened in two ways: First, social and economic geography, especially the concepts of scale, rescaling and glocalisation should be included. Such an expansion enables grasping that socio-political fragmentation not only encompasses national welfare systems, but cuts through them as well. Second, labour and production processes have to be brought back into the frame of competitive Europeanisation, to bring the extent of the Europeanisation social crisis into view.
Study on the Effect of Polyurethane-Based Magnetorheological Foam Damper on Cutting Performance during Hard Turning Process
Authors: Sarath S. , Paul P. Sam , Shylu D. S. , Lawrance G.
Published: January 2022

In the metal cutting process, a magnetorheological fluid damper was used to suppress tool vibration and to enhance cutting performance. However, as the machining progresses, the performance of magnetorheological fluid was affected by sedimentation and agglomeration factors, which resulted in a minimum reduction in the magnitude of vibration. For achieving vibration control during the machining process, it is required to use an appropriate damping technique that increases stability and enhances performance indexes. In this paper, a magnetorheological foam damper was developed where polyurethane foam was used to suppress tool vibration during the machining process. Iron particles along with carrier fluid were filled inside the pores of the foam and when the electric current is applied to the foam, particle chains form and it changes its stiffness, which behaves as a viscoelastic material with nonlinear vibration features. Cutting experiments were conducted, and based on the results, it is observed that the vibration during machining was suppressed and cutting performance was enhanced as a result of using this magnetorheological foam. Also, the stability of the magnetorheological material was improved without any settlement of iron particles.
Semi-empirical estimation of the Zagreb ML 5.5 earthquake (2020) ground motion amplification by 1D equivalent linear site response analysis
Authors: Uglešić Jakov Stanislav , Markušić Snježana , Padovan Božo , Stanko Davor
Published: January 2022

The 22 March 2020 Zagreb ML 5.5 earthquake ground shaking resulted in damage to buildings and infrastructure. The most affected buildings were older and cultural heritage buildings (built before 1963) in the old city centre with significant damage extent in the epicentral zone (southeastern foothills of Medvednica Mt.). This study presents site response analysis on the realistic site profiles from the epicentre towards the accelerometric stations QUHS and QARH and comparison with strong motion data recorded during the Zagreb 2020 earthquake. Semi-empirical estimation of the ground motion amplification (i.e., peak ground acceleration at surface) showed that modelled and recorded values are comparable. Moreover, we present 2D model of peak ground acceleration at surface (PGAsurf ) variation for the superimposed site profile from the epicentre towards two accelerometric stations. Ground motion amplification for the Zagreb ML 5.5 earthquake scenario showed that PGAsurf is larger by a factor of 2 than the bedrock value (approx. 0.35 g in the epicentre and 0.20 g on the 12 km distant accelerometric station). This study is a contribution to better understanding of the Zagreb ML 5.5 earthquake effects and significance of local site effects in the damage extent, something that combined with older and heritage buildings resulted in high economic consequences. Therefore, it is important that site-specific ground motion simulation and seismic microzonation of the Zagreb continues with installation of an accelerometric array. This is very important for earthquake retrofitting and resilience of the low, mid- and high-rise buildings with particular care of cultural and historical buildings as well for the further urban planning.
Online vagy hagyományos tantermi oktatás?
Authors: Kazainé Ónodi Annamária
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A koronavírus-járvány elleni védekezés, a kényszerű
online oktatás egyaránt jelentett óriási kihívást és fejlődésre ösztönző erőt. A
Budapesti Corvinus Egyetemen a több mint 500 választ tartalmazó hallgatói
kérdőíves felmérésünk bepillantást enged a 2020/2021. év 1. félévének rendkívüli
időszakába. A vegyes oktatás bevezetését teljes online oktatás követte.
Bemutatjuk, hogy mely tényezők segítettek, hogy a hallgatók oktatással
kapcsolatos elégedettsége ne csökkenjen, illetve mi jelentette számukra a
legnagyobb kihívást. A felmérésünk jövőre vonatkozó egyik legfontosabb üzenete,
hogy a hallgatók több mint 80%-a, ha lehetőség lett volna rá, akkor a
hagyományos tantermi szemináriumi oktatási formát választotta volna.

Summary. Struggle against the coronavirus epidemic meant a huge
challenge and a driving force for development. We had to switch to online
education. Our student questionnaire survey at the Corvinus University of
Budapest, which contains more than 500 answers, provides an insight into the
extraordinary period of the first half of 2020/2021. We started with a mixed
education and then switched to full online education. We present the factors
that led to the fact that students’ satisfaction with the subject did not
decrease, and what was the biggest challenge for the students. The key message
of our survey is, that more than 80% of the students would choose the
traditional weekly seminars.
Kinevezettekből vagy delegáltakból álljon a közoktatási tanács?
Authors: Bajomi Iván
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. Az Országos Közoktatási Tanács (OKT) kezdeteivel
kapcsolatos új dokumentumokat bemutató tanulmányomban először azt jelzem, hogy a
dualizmus korának kezdetekor felállított testület létrejöttében fontos szerepet
játszottak jóval korábbi külhoni (elsősorban porosz és francia) minták. A
mintául szolgáló testületek szerveződésmódja egyes időszakokban hibrid jelleget
öltött, mivel a tagokat vagy legalábbis ezek egy részét a középkori titkos
királyi tanácsoktól eltérően nem felülről választották ki, hanem szerephez
jutott a delegálás elve is. Egy megyei iskolatanácstól és egyes
tanáregyesületektől származó javaslatok szerepet játszhattak abban, hogy az OKT
szerveződésmódja is hibrid jellegű volt a megalakulása utáni években, vagyis
nemcsak felülről kiválasztott személyek, hanem delegált tagok is helyet
kaphattak benne, ám utóbb az önkormányzatiság logikájával is rokonítható
képviseleti elvet háttérbe szorították. Végül azt is érzékeltetem írásomban,
hogy a hazai tanügyi tanácsok történetének számos későbbi fázisaiban is
megfigyelhető volt a delegálás és a felülről való kinevezés elvének ütközése,
illetve hibrid megoldások alkalmazása.

Summary. In my study based on new documents found in connection with
the beginnings of the National Council for Public Education (OKT), I first point
out that some earlier patterns (mainly Prussian and French) played an important
role in the formation of the body set up in 1871, four years after the
Austro-Hungarian compromise put an end to the 18-year-long military dictatorship
and absolutist rule over Hungary. The way in which foreign bodies were organized
took on a hybrid character in some periods, as the members, or at least some of
them, were not selected from above, unlike the medieval secret royal councils,
but the principle of delegation also played a role. Proposals from a county
school council and some teachers’ associations may have played a role in the
fact that the OKT was organized in a hybrid way in the years after its
formation, i.e. not only persons selected from above, but also delegated
members, but later principle has been pushed into the background. Finally, I
also point out in my writing that in several later phases of the history of
Hungarian education councils, the conflict between the principles of delegation
and top-down appointment and the application of hybrid solutions was
observed.
Hét lehetséges kutatás a társadalomtudomány működéséről
Authors: Nagy Péter Tibor
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány a szerző Négy lehetséges kutatás a
felsőoktatókról, című 2007-es írását továbbgondolva háromféle
forrásra, s az ezek közötti három különböző fajta kapcsolatokra építő kutatási
tervet vázol fel. Az egyik kutatás a pozíciók (bírálati, vezető, beosztotti
pozíciók) elemzését végezné el. A másik kutatás a multipozicionalitás hatásait
vizsgálja, megkülönböztetve a munkahelyen belüli nem tudományos, munkahelyen
kívüli nem tudományos és munkahelyen kívüli tudományos pozíciókat. A harmadik
kutatás a folyóiratok világát elemezné, ahogy a többi esetben is
megkülönböztetve a folyóiratok irányítását, a folyóiratok publikációra
használását, a manifeszt vitát, a lektori aktivitást és a tematikus számok
szerkesztését. A „reflexiók” blokkban az idézetek és a kritikák fő funkciójáról
a szerző tudományos térben történő pozícionálásáról folytatnánk kutatást. A
társszerzőségre vonatkozó kutatás indítóhipotézise szerint három fő motivációja
lehet ennek: közös munka, szövetségi viszony és mester-tanítvány viszony
kifejezése. A civil szervezeteket, tudományos társaságokat a folyóiratokhoz
hasonló módon az irányítók és egyszerű tagként használók kettősségében írjuk le,
de itt szerepet kap a írásos világ ellenőrizhetőségétől különböző szóbeliség
világa, mely egy külső körnek is utat nyit. A hatalmi erőkifejtés tudományos
termeléshez közvetlenül nem kapcsolódó fajtái a pénzosztás, díjak osztása és az
adatok birtoklása.

Summary. Continuing the author’s 2007 Educatio
paper Four Possible Researches on Academic Staff, the study
outlines a research plan based on three sources and three different types of
relationships between them. The first research would analyzed the positions
(exeminer, leader, employed positions). The second research examines the effects
of multipositionality, distinguishing the non-scientific positions within
academic workplace, non-scientific positions outside academic workplace,
scientific positions outside academic workplace The third research would analyze
the world of journals, as in the other cases, distinguishing between the
management of journals, the use of journals for publication, the manifesto
debate, the lectorship activity, and the editing of thematic issues. In the
“reflections” block, we would conduct research on the main function of
quotations and critiques on positioning the author in the scientific space.
According to the initial hypothesis of co-authorship, there may be three main
motivations for this: working together, expressing a covenant relationship, and
expressing a master-student relationship. In the chapter of „civil societies” we
describe scientific societies in the duality of managers and simple „users”, but
– contrary to the world of journals – here the non controlled oralism of
conferences plays a role, which also opens the way for an outside circle. Types
of power effort not directly related to scientific production are the
distribution of money, the sharing of medals, and the control over data.
Felsőoktatásban oktatók digitális kompetenciáinak fejlesztési lehetőségei
Authors: Dringó-Horváth Ida , T. Nagy Judit , Weber Andrea
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A tanulmány fókuszában a digitális pedagógiai
kompetencia fejlesztésének jelentősége áll. Ennek eredményeként egy olyan
komplex intézményi oktatásfejlesztési elképzelésről ad számot, melynek elemei –
előzetes igény- és kompetenciamérés, fejlesztési folyamat, illetve
visszacsatolás, azaz a fejlesztés hatékonyságának mérése – egymásba fonódva,
egymásra épülve képesek hatékonyan biztosítani a felsőoktatók szisztematikus,
reflektált oktatásinformatikai fejlesztését. A tanulmány az egyes elemek
részletes bemutatása és létjogosultságának indoklása mellett beszámol a rendszer
pilot kipróbálásának első eredményeiről és a tapasztalatokra épülő fejlesztési
tervekről is.

Summary. The article focuses on the significance of developing the
competence of digital pedagogy. Following that, we will propose a complex plan
for institutional educational development, the elements of which (preliminary
needs and competence analysis, the development process itself, and feedback,
i.e. measuring the efficacy of development) will be able to successfully
guarantee, by building on each other in an intertwined fashion, the systematic
and reflective ICT development of teachers in higher education. Apart from
thoroughly introducing and giving a rationale for each element, the study will
also highlight the results of the first pilot run and, by drawing conclusions
from the pilot’s experiences, plans for improvement.
OCENA MOŻLIWOŚĆ ZASTOSOWANIA MODYFIKACJI FORMUŁYCOLEBROOKA-WHITE’A Z UWZGLĘDNIENIEM WPŁYWUCHROPOWATOŚCI BEZWZGLĘDNEJ DNA POTOKU
Authors:   University of Agriculture in Krakow, Zwolenik Monika , Michalec Bogusław ,   University of Agriculture in Krakow
Published: January 2022

Cel pracy: Celem przeprowadzonych badań jest określenie możliwości zastosowania równania Colebrooka-White’a z modyfikacjami jego stałych K1, K2 i K3, zaproponowanych przez różnych autorów badań oporów przepływu wody w kanałach otwartych, z uwzględnieniem wpływu szorstkości ziarnowej dna potoku górskiego. Obliczone bezwymiarowe współczynniki oporów umożliwiły obliczenie współczynników szorstkości dna potoku Racławka. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono w korycie potoku Racławka. Na podstawie pomiarów terenowych prędkości przepływu wody obliczono natężenie przepływu wody Q, a następnie obliczono średni współczynnik szorstkości Manninga formułą opracowaną przez Barnesa. Współczynnik ten umożliwił obliczenie współczynnika szorstkości wyznaczonego z przekształconego równania Chézy-Maninnga. Obliczony współczynnik oporów porównano z wynikami obliczeń z równania Colebrooka-White’a ze stałymi K1, K2 i K3. Ponadto w tych obliczeniach przyjmowano wartości chropowatości bezwzględnej ks, wyznaczonej z 25 wzorów podanych przez różnych autorów. W celu obliczenia wartości ks pobrano próbę rumowiska i określono jej skład granulometryczny. Obliczono również współczynniki szorstkości z przekształconego równania Chézy-Maninnga dla poszczególnych wartości współczynnika oporów za pomocą modyfikacji równania Colebrooka-White’a. Wyniki i wnioski: W wyniku pomiarów obliczony współczynnik szorstkości dla tego potoku wynosi 0,044 m-1/3∙s. Stwierdzono, że z równania Colebrooka-White’a ze stałymi K1, K2 i K3, wyznaczonymi przez Keulegan i przez Rouse, dla wartości chropowatości bezwzględnej (ks) mieszczącej się w przedziale od 0,063 do 0,066 m, która została obliczona wzorem Thompsona i Campbella oraz wzorem Irmay’a, możliwe jest uzyskanie wartości współczynnika oporów, dla którego współczynnik szorstkości jest najbardziej zbliżony do uzyskanego z pomiarów. Współczynnik szorstkości badanego odcinka potoku Racławka, obliczony za pomocą tej modyfikacji równania Colebrooka-White’a, mieści się w granicach wartości 0,040 – 0,048 m-1/3∙s.
The behavior of apricot kernel oil body and proteins during in vitro gastric and intestinal digestion
Authors: Kancabas Kilinc Aslı , Karakaya Sibel
Published: January 2022

In this study, an apricot kernel milk suspension was prepared, for which Hacıhaliloğlu-type raw and roasted apricot kernels were used. Protein, total lipid, and ash contents of apricot kernels and apricot kernel milk were determined. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid were considered as major fatty acids according to gas chromatography. During in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the proteins of raw and roasted apricot kernel milk were hydrolyzed and pepsin-resistant proteins were determined. No difference was recorded between the pancreatic lipase penetration in the oil–water interface of oil bodies of both milk types.
Analysis of rice microbial communities under different storage conditions using culture-dependent and -independent techniques
Authors: He Xiaoying , Liu Hairong , Lv Chong , Wang Feng , Zhao Chaoqun , Tao Rui , Li Jianpeng , Liu Zhu , Du Lihui
Published: January 2022

Rice is a staple food for over half of the world’s population, and fungal spoilage in stored rice may occur when the moisture content and temperature are conducive. Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. are the most harmful toxigenic species that produce harmful mycotoxins. Molds pose a potential threat to public health and cause a huge economic loss. Therefore, it is of great importance to find out how molds multiply in rice. This study focused on the isolation and identification of fungi presented in rice and their evolution in rice with different moisture contents stored for varying periods of time and under different temperatures. Mold community was detected every month using the culture-dependent and -independent method of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Significant differences were detected by the traditional culture method under different storage conditions. For potato dextrose agar (PDA) media, high temperature and moisture were suitable for the dominant strains including Penicillium aurantiogriseum and Penicillium oxalicum. In particular, P. oxalicum competitively inhibited the other fungi. For Rose Bengal medium, no difference was observed under different storage conditions, and only typical strains such as Aspergillus candidus and Alternaria were detected. PCR-DGGE identified some uncultured strains such as Trichoderma sp. and Cladosporium sp., the dominant strains and the flora diversity such as Aspergillus restrictus and Eurotium athecium. These results indicated that storage conditions greatly shape fungal growth. This study provides a foundation for the evolution of fungal flora in rice during storage in China and may help in developing biological control methods to prevent mold contamination in rice.
Reducing construction costs by optimizing fencing structures on the example of block-modular buildings
Authors: Chekardovskij M. N , Zhilina T. S , Afonin K. V , Guseva K. P
Published: January 2022

The introduction of modernized (improved) and new technologies is necessary to improve the quality of construction with a reasonable reduction in costs and terms of block-complete construction (BCS). There are various BCS technologies that combine known and developed methods and methods. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of construction, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks: to calculate the enclosing structures at BCS in accordance with their requirements for thermal protection, to determine the economic feasibility of the measures under consideration. On the example of a research object, the choice of enclosing structures is presented in order to reduce capital costs. If the tasks are successfully solved, it will be possible to offer the restoration of objects destroyed by natural disasters, BCS of new buildings, as well as during the reconstruction of objects. The article presents: the object of research "Compressor station in the area of BPS-2 X field"; block buildings located on the site of the booster pump station are considered; the characteristics of the enclosing structures of the "sandwich" type with various heaters are given; their thermal engineering calculation and comparative analysis of the efficiency of the heat-insulating material were carried out. Conclusions, methods and ways of solving BCS problems are presented; modernization of construction technologies.
Analysis of causes of underground and atmospheric water in basements of the building in operation
Authors: Polishchuk A. I , Chernyavskii D. A , Gumenyuk V. V , Solonov G. G
Published: January 2022

The main reasons for the appearance of underground and atmospheric water in the basements of the school building, which has been in operation for more than two years since its commissioning, are considered. The building is three-story, brick, with a basement and attic roof. The building foundation is made in the form of two monolithic reinforced concrete slabs arranged at different elevations (in height) and separated by a deformation joint. Geodetic survey data indicate that the site of the building is located in the lowest part of the courtyard. The engineering and geological structure and hydrogeological features of the construction site, as well as the state of the relief and structural solutions of the yard structures are analyzed. The results of the survey of building structures, observations of the position of the ground water level at the base of the building and atmospheric waters on the courtyard territory are given. Based on the results of the survey, assessment of the ground conditions of construction, observations of the hydrogeological regime, the main reasons for the appearance of underground and atmospheric water in the basement of the operated building were established in the base.
THE ROLE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES AT THE LEVEL OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Pronozin Ya. A , Bragar E. P , Salnyy I. S
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, the role of the majority of professional engineering communities, unfortunately, is devalued in Russia. It does not lead to the required development of engineering activities due to the disunity of individual specialists the lack of motivation to coordinated decision of professional issues, the lack of participation in the general professional labor market, the impossibility of direct communication with leaders in a particular field of knowledge, etc. The number of members in professional society with significant work experience is constantly decreasing. Professional communities that have not been able to build the structure of their work and become interesting for specialists usually disappear or have a formal status. The paper describes the successful world experience of the professional communities existence, considers the basic principles of the activities of such communities as: ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) and BGA (British Geotechnical Association). The success of these communities is evidenced by the fact that ASCE has unified a global community of engineers since 1852, with more than 150,000 members. The BGA has functioned since 1949 with over 60 collective members representing the UK's proponent geotechnical agencies. The advantages of membership in these societies for both professional engineers and students are given, including: rapid career growth supported by the community; active participation in the life of society, based on individual and social benefits; establishing personal contacts and obtaining first-hand information on topics of interest; great benefits or free membership for students; a large amount of events held under the auspices of ASCE and BGA , etc.
Research on the use of silica aerogels
Authors: Siyanov A. I , Abdulmanov D. I
Published: January 2022

Silica aerogels are alternative thermal insulation materials for external wall structures. They have a minimum density and water resistance, which in a period of global warming and in a hot climate allows you to get the necessary protective shell of the building. High technologies contribute to a significant improvement in the quality of insulation through the use of aerogel structures. A promising direction in the field of research is to improve the technical characteristics of the insulation used and reduce the costs of its manufacturing process. The aim of the work was to conduct an experiment on a room model and evaluate the possibilities of using silica aerogels as a light thermal insulation material. Within the framework of the study, the tasks were solved using numerical computer modeling. The stages of obtaining aerogels with the specified parameters are reduced into a clear technological sequence, which allows us to justify their physical and thermal properties. Based on the experience of conducting research, the indicators of the use of aerogels in construction are analyzed. An experiment was conducted on a model of a room with aerogel insulation and the radiation from mutually located surfaces was determined. According to the results of the work, a predictable and regular decrease in temperature was obtained over time. Aerogel sheets turned out to be rational materials for walls and other elements of buildings, because along with low density, they have a high thermal insulation ability. The practical benefit of the study lies in the fact that the obtained dependencies allow us to recommend the use of aerogel insulation not only for load-bearing and enclosing structures, but also for individual elements of buildings and can be used to develop methods to increase thermal protection.
Interaction of Russia and the Russian Orthodox Church with Christian communities in Egypt and Ethiopia in the second half of the 19th — early 20th century
Authors: Nigusie Kassae V. Michael , Morozova N. N.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the history of the relationship of the Russian Orthodox Church with the Christian communities of Egypt and Ethiopia. The article is also concerned with the issue of contacts between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Coptic Church of Egypt in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century. The first almost informal contacts between representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Alexandria Patriarchate allowed Egyptian Christians to get acquainted with the activities of the Russian Orthodox Church, and representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church — with the real state of the religious, political and cultural situation in Egypt. The article also examines the attempts of representatives of the Russian Orthodox Church to establish ties with the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, which was part of the Alexandria Patriarchate until 1959.
American Catholic Press: From Isolationism to Militant Anti-Communism, 1939-1945
Authors: Freeze Gregory L.
Published: January 2022

The archives of the Catholic News Agency (CNA) shed valuable light on the transition of American Catholics from antiwar isolationists to militant anticommunists. Until December 1941 most Catholics opposed American intervention in the European military conflict, but after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor they patriotically supported American troops and silently tolerated the alliance with the Soviet Union. But from the spring of 1943 American Catholics began to speak out openly against the communist ally. The news feeds from CNA shed light on this transformation: they underscore the role of religion (and especially the role of religious repression) in international relations, which to a significant degree explain the shift in Soviet religious policy during the war. The CNA archives also show how ineffective, or even counterproductive, was Moscow’s religious policy on the diplomatic front, above all with regard to Catholics. This article also offers a new perspective on the so-called “silence” of Pope Pius XII—his refusal to name specific countries as perpetrators of war crimes, his willingness to speak only in abstract terms. CNA in effect served as his surrogate: it expressed what the pope himself could not publicly say without violating his neutrality.
In loco nursing practice inspection costs in a Brazilian setting
Authors: Alves Vera Lucia de Souza , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: January 2022

Abstract Objective: To identify the average direct cost related to the direct labor of the inspectors involved in the “in loco inspection” step of the inspection process carried out at the Headquarters of the Regional Nursing Council of São Paulo. Method: Quantitative, exploratory-descriptive research, in the form of a single case study. The non-probabilistic convenience sample consisted of records of initial and return “in loco inspections”, carried out by inspectors working at the Headquarters of The Regional Nursing Council of São Paulo, from January 13, 2020 to March 13, 2020. Results: The average direct cost of initial in loco inspection (N = 182) corresponded to BRL 331.67 (SD = 140.32), ranging from BRL 115.80 to BRL 1071.15, and that of return in loco inspection (N = 98) to BRL 256.16 (SD = 130.90), ranging from BRL 77.20 to BRL 694.80. Time and cost variables analysis of initial and return in loco inspections showed an alpha significance level of 0.05, and it was possible to statistically state that the time (p ≤ 0.001) and the cost of initial in loco inspection (p ≤ 0.001) are higher than those for return in loco inspection. Conclusion: the cost of the step of “in loco inspection” will support the Nursing Council in the decision-making process aiming at allocating efficiency of human resources required in the inspection process.
Sustainable cementitious blends for strength enhancement of dredged mud in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Liu Yaxu , Ong Dominic E L , Oh Erwin , Liu Zhuang , Hughes Ross
Published: January 2022

Cement is commonly used as a stabilisation material in soft soil stabilisation. However, the use of cement can cause environmental issues, as the production of cement results in high emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). Hence, it is essential to develop other suitable stabilisation materials to reduce the amount of cement used in the stabilisation of soft soil. Fly ash and DuraCrete (blended cement) were investigated in this study to be used as partial replacements for traditional cement-only mixes. The behaviour of specimens stabilised using cement, fly ash and DuraCrete under both unconfined compressive and consolidated isotropic undrained conditions was investigated in this study. The experimental results proved that both fly ash and DuraCrete can be used as partial replacements for cement. Fly ash can provide the highest reduction in terms of percentage of cement. Meanwhile, DuraCrete is more cost effective, as a relatively smaller quantity of DuraCrete can replace a correspondingly larger amount of cement for a similar strength gain. The contribution of this research can provide engineers with alternative, more sustainable design mixes for soft soil stabilisation that can readily satisfy design strength requirements while emitting relatively less carbon dioxide.
Integrin α5 Is Regulated by miR-218-5p in Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Authors: Liu Jialing , Li Yi , Lyu Lingna , Xiao Liang , Memon Aliza A. , Yu Xin , Halim Arvin , Patel Shivani , Osman Abdikheyre , Yin Wenqing , Jiang Jie , Naini Said , Lim Kenneth , Zhang Aifeng , Williams Jonathan D. , Koester Ruth , Qi Kevin Z. , Fucci Quynh-Anh , Ding Lai , Chang Steven , Patel Ankit , Mori Yutaro , Chaudhari Advika , Bao Aaron , Liu Jia , Lu Tzong-Shi , Siedlecki Andrew
Published: January 2022

Significance Statement

Kidney endothelial cells are sensitive to hypoxic injury. This cell type expresses integrin α5 (ITGA5), which is essential to the Tie2 signaling cascade. The microRNA miR-218 is known to increase after hypoxia, but the microRNA’s role in regulating ITGA5 protein synthesis is unclear. In this study, the authors found that miR-218-5p specifically binds to ITGA5 mRNA in human kidney-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In an animal model of ischemia/reperfusion injury, cells pretreated with an miR-218-5p mimic were delivered efficiently, whereas an animal model containing an miR-218-2 deletion specific to angioblasts resulted in kidney dysgenesis and impaired migration of mouse kidney-derived EPCs. Understanding the regulation of prominent signaling pathways in EPCs may inform optimization of therapeutic techniques for addressing kidney endothelial cell injury.

Background

Endothelial cell injury is a common nidus of renal injury in patients and consistent with the high prevalence of AKI reported during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This cell type expresses integrin α5 (ITGA5), which is essential to the Tie2 signaling pathway. The microRNA miR-218-5p is upregulated in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) after hypoxia, but microRNA regulation of Tie2 in the EPC lineage is unclear.

Methods

We isolated human kidney-derived EPCs (hkEPCs) and surveyed microRNA target transcripts. A preclinical model of ischemic kidney injury was used to evaluate the effect of hkEPCs on capillary repair. We used a genetic knockout model to evaluate the effect of deleting endogenous expression of miR-218 specifically in angioblasts.

Results

After ischemic in vitro preconditioning, miR-218-5p was elevated in hkEPCs. We found miR-218-5p bound to ITGA5 mRNA transcript and decreased ITGA5 protein expression. Phosphorylation of 42/44 MAPK decreased by 73.6% in hkEPCs treated with miR-218-5p. Cells supplemented with miR-218-5p downregulated ITGA5 synthesis and decreased 42/44 MAPK phosphorylation. In a CD309-Cre/miR-218-2-LoxP mammalian model (a conditional knockout mouse model designed to delete pre-miR-218-2 exclusively in CD309+ cells), homozygotes at e18.5 contained avascular glomeruli, whereas heterozygote adults showed susceptibility to kidney injury. Isolated EPCs from the mouse kidney contained high amounts of ITGA5 and showed decreased migratory capacity in three-dimensional cell culture.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the critical regulatory role of miR-218-5p in kidney EPC migration, a finding that may inform efforts to treat microvascular kidney injury via therapeutic cell delivery.