bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRAKIRAAN HARGA AKARWANGI: APLIKASI METODE JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN
Authors: INDRAWANTO CHANDRA , ERIYATNO ERIYATNO , M. FAUZI ANAS , MACHFUD MACHFUD , SUKARDI SUKARDI , SOETRISNO NOER
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Prakiraan harga terna akarwangi dan harga minyak akarwangi telah
dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode jaringan syaraf tiruan. Memakai
data harga dari Januari 2000 sampai Agustus 2006 dilakukan prakiraan
harga untuk 24 bulan kedepan. Prakiraan terbaik dengan Mse pelatihan
dan Mse testing yang rendah didapat pada kombinasi fungsi aktivasi layar
tersembunyi sigmoid biner dan fungsi aktivasi output sigmoid bipolar
dengan rentang data transformasi (0,1) untuk prakiraan harga terna
akarwangi. Sedangkan untuk prakiraan harga minyak akarwangi didapat
pada fungsi aktivasi layar tersembunyi sigmoid bipolar dan fungsi aktivasi
output sigmoid biner dengan rentang data (0,1). Hasil prakiraan harga
menunjukkan harga rata-rata terna akarwangi dan harga rata-rata minyak
akarwangi untuk tahun 2007 dan 2008 masih di atas harga titik impas
usahatani maupun usaha agroindustri minyak akarwangi.
Kata kunci : Akarwangi, Vetiveria zizanioides L., harga, prakiraan,
jaringan syaraf tiruan, Jawa Barat
ABSTRACT
Vetiver oil prices forecasting with artificial neural
network method
Vetiver and vetiver oil prices forecasting with artificial neural
network method has been done. Time series data from January 2000 to
August 2006 was used to forecast the prices for 24 months ahead. The best
result for forecasting of vetiver prices was gotten using sigmoid binary
activation in hidden layer, sigmoid bipolar activation in output layer and
transformation data spread (0,1). The best result for forecasting of vetiver
oil prices was gotten using sigmoid bipolar activation in hidden layer,
sigmoid binary activation in output layer and transformation data spread
(0,1). The result shows that the average forecasting prices of vetiver and
vetiver oil in 2007 and 2008 higher than the prices needed for vetiver
farming and vetiver oil agroindustry to reach break event point.
Key words: Vetiveria zizanioides L., prices, forecasting, artificial neural
network, West Jav
VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI GENOTIPIK SIFAT-SIFAT PENTING TANAMAN WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: SUDARMADJI SUDARMADJI , MARDJONO RUSIM , SUDARMO HADI
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan pengujian terhadap genotip-genotip hasil
persilangan tanaman wijen, dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi
mengenai variasi genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi genotipik beberapa sifat
penting hasil persilangan tanaman wijen. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun
Percobaan Pasirian, Lumajang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April 2002 –
Agustus 2003. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelom-
pok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagian
besar sifat yang diamati mempunyai variasi genetik yang cukup besar, (2)
nilai heritabilitas (dalam arti luas) tinggi terdapat pada sifat tinggi tanaman,
umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah cabang per tanaman, jumlah polong
per tanaman, panjang polong, berat 1000 biji, dan hasil biji per hektar,
sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi pada generasi awal, dan
(3) korelasi genotipik terhadap hasil biji per hektar terjadi pada sifat tinggi
tanaman dan berat 1000 biji pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 13, sedangkan
pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 22, dan Sbr 1 X Si 26 terjadi korelasi genotipik
antara hasil biji per hektar dengan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang per
tanaman.
Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., persilangan, genotip, variasi
genetik, heritabilitas, korelasi genotipik, pertumbuhan, hasil,
Jawa Timur
ABSTRACT
Genetic variations, heritability and genotypic correlations
of important characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum
L.)
The experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic variations,
heritability, and genotypic correlations of important characteristics of
sesame. The experiment was located at Pasirian Research Station,
Lumajang, East Java from April 2002 – August 2003. Randomized block
design with three replications was used in the experiment. The result of the
experiment showed that: (1) generally, the genetic variations for all traits
were high enough, (2) the heritability values (in broad sense) on plant
height, flowering time, harvest time, number of branches per plant, number
of pods per plant, length of pods, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield per
hectare were high, indicating that the inheritance of these traits were simple
inheritance and selection can be performed in early generation, and (3) in
Sbr 1 X Si 13 crosses, plant height and 1000-seeed weight had genotypic
correlation with grain yield per hectare, then plant height and number of
branches per plant had genotypic correlation with grain yield per hectare in
Sbr 1 X Si 22, and Sbr 1 X Si 26 crosses.
Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., crossing, genotype, genetic
variations, heritability, genotypic correlation, growth, yield,
East Jav
RESPON VARIETAS WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.) SECARA TUMPANGSARI DENGAN JARAK KEPYAR (Ricinus communis L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL
Authors: KRISMAWATI AMIK
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian
Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Karangploso, Malang, mulai bulan Mei
sampai dengan Oktober 2001. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh
varietas wijen yang sesuai pada sistem tumpangsari dengan tanaman jarak
kepyar. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan petak
berlajur dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tumpangsari terdiri dari dua
faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu varietas tanaman jarak kepyar Asembagus
81 (Asb 81) dan Asembagus 104 (Asb 104). Faktor kedua yaitu
varietas wijen Sumberrejo 1 (Sbr 1) dan Sumberrejo 2 (Sbr 2). Pada
setiap ulangan juga ditanam varietas monokulturnya. Ukuran petak 6 m
x 6 m, jarak tanam untuk tanaman jarak kepyar 2 m x 2 m (satu
tanaman per lubang) dan varietas wijen 0,5 m x 0,25 m (satu tanaman
per lubang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman wijen varietas
Sumberrejo 1 dengan tanaman jarak kepyar varietas Asembagus 104
memberikan hasil 632,55 gram biji wijen per petak dan 637,63 biji jarak
per petak. Parameter total hasil relatif (RYT) sistem tumpangsari wijen
dengan tanaman jarak kepyar lebih besar dari satu ( > 1) yaitu antara 1,687
sampai dengan 1,787, sehingga sistem tumpangsari tersebut efisien dalam
memanfaatkan lahan.
Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., jarak kepyar, Ricinus communis
L., tumpangsari, pertumbuhan, hasil, Jawa Timur
ABSTRACT
Response of sesamum variety as intercrops with castor on
their growth and yield
The experiment was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the
Indonesian Tobacco and Fibre Crops Research Institute in Malang, from
May to October 2001. The objective of the study was to find out the
variety of sesame which is suitable for intercropping with castor. A strip
plot design was used with three replications. The factorial treatment
consisted of two factors. The first factor was castor varieties (Asembagus
81 and Asembagus 104). The second factor was sesame varieties
(Sumberrejo 1 and Sumberrejo 2). In each replication, castor and sesame
varieties were planted as monocultures. The plot size was 6 m x 6 m,
castor and sesame plant spacing were 2 m x 2 m and 0,50 m x 0,25 m
respectively. The results showed that the intercropping of sesame
Sumbererjo 1 variety and castor Asembagus 104 variety produced 632,55
gram sesame seed per plot and 637,63 gram seed castor per plot. The
highest relative total yield on intercropping castor and sesame was
obtained by Asembagus 104 and Sumberrejo 1 at 1,787 and the lowest
relative total yield was obtained by Asembagus 104 and Sumberrejo 2 at
1,687. RYT value of the intercropping system was more than one which is
considered as efficient in land use.
Key words: Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., castor, Ricinus communis L.,
intercropping, growth, yield, East Java.
DAYA HASIL GALUR-GALUR KENAF DI LAHAN PODSOLIK MERAH KUNING
Authors: MARJANI MARJANI , SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO , PURWATI R. D.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK

Serangkaian penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh galur-galur kenaf yang mampu beradaptasi dan menghasilkan serat yang tinggidi lahan Podsolik Merah Kuning (PMK) telah dilaksanakan mulai tahun2003 sampai dengan 2005. Sebanyak 13 galur kenaf dan 2 varietaspembanding diuji dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan yangdilaksanakan di 4 lokasi di Propinsi Kalimantan Timur, yaitu di Lempake(Kota Samarinda), Samboja (Kab. Kutai Kartanegara), Makroman (KotaSamarinda), dan Empas (Kab. Kutai Barat). Pemeliharaan dilakukan sesuaistandar pada masing-masing lokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwadari 13 galur kenaf yang diuji diperoleh 2 galur yang memiliki daya hasilserat tinggi dan beradaptasi luas di lahan PMK, yaitu galur 85-9-66-2 dan85-9-66-1 BB. Kedua galur tersebut mampu menghasilkan serat keringlebih tinggi dibanding varietas pembanding (KR 4 dan KR 11). Galur 85-9-66-2 memiliki rata-rata hasil serat 1,48 t/ha (meningkat 29,17% terhadapKR 4 dan 20,11% terhadap KR 11); dan galur 85-9-66-1 BB memilikirata-rata hasil serat 1,405 t/ha (meningkat 26,62% terhadap KR 4 dan17,73% terhadap KR 11).

Kata kunci : Hibiscus cannabinus L., stabilitas, adaptasi, podsolik merahkuning

ABSTRACT

Stability and adaptation of kenaf lines in yellow red podsolic soilA series of research to obtain some kenaf lines adaptable and highin fiber yield was conducted on yellow red podsolic soil from 2003 to2005. The 13 kenaf lines and 2 check varieties were tested in fourlocations of East Kalimantan Province, i.e. Lempake (Samarinda District),Samboja (Kutai Kartanegara District), Makroman (Samarinda District),and Empas (Kutai Barat District). The field experiment was arranged inrandomized complete block design with three replications. The resultsshowed that there were 2 kenaf lines that are high in fiber yield and widelyadapted on red yellow podsolic area, i.e. line 85-9-66-2 and 85-9-66-1 BB.Both lines are capable to produce higher fiber yield compared to checkvarieties (KR 4 and KR 11). The line 85-9-66-2 has average of fiber yield1.48 t/ha (increases 29,17% to KR 4 and 20,11% to KR 11); and line 85-9-66-1 BB has average of fiber yield 1,405 t/ha (increases 26,62% to KR4 and 17,73% to KR 11).

Key words : Hibiscus cannabinus L., stability, adaptation, yellow redpodsolic
THE DETERMINANTS OF SYSTEMIC RISK: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Aini Mutiara , Koesrindartoto Deddy Priatmodjo
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the determinants of systemic risk across Indonesian commercialbanks using quarterly data from 2001Q4 to 2017Q4. Employing four measures ofsystemic risk, namely value-at-risk (VaR), historical marginal expected shortfall(MESH), marginal expected shortfall from GARCH-DCC (MESdcc), and long-runmarginal expected shortfall (LRMES), we find that bank size is positively related tosystemic risk, whereas banks and economic loan activity are negatively related tosystemic risk. These findings suggest that the government needs to regulate loanactivities and to monitor big banks as they have significant impacts on bank systemicrisk.
MACROPRUDENTIAL STRESS-TESTING THE INDONESIAN BANKING SYSTEM USING THE CREDIT RISK MODEL
Authors: Kurniawati Shilvia , Koesrindartoto Deddy Priatmodjo
Published: June 2020

This study implements a macroprudential stress test and develops the EconomicRisk Weighted-Capital Adequacy Ratio (ERW-CAR) to evaluate the resilience of theIndonesian banking sector. The results show that the historical and one-year aheadpredicted ERW-CARs are currently three percent lower than the Indonesia regulatoryCAR, and continue to decrease by nearly two percent following an exchange rate shock.However, the capital adequacy requirement stands above the eight percent thresholdand the banks are still able to optimize their capital allocation.
CURRENCY MISMATCHES IN EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES: IS WINTER COMING?
Authors: Venkatesh Hari , Hiremath Gourishankar S
Published: June 2020

We develop a currency mismatch index and examine the causes of currency mismatchesin emerging market economies. This study is based on a unique dataset on 22economies from 2008 to 2017. We also construct the original sin index using granulardata on international debt securities. We find Latin American countries, followedby Central European countries, suffer from the original sin and currency mismatchproblems. The panel regression estimates show that country size, trade openness, andthe level of economic and financial development explain cross-country variations incurrency mismatches. Our empirical results suggest that unstable monetary and fiscalpolicies are the primary causes of currency mismatches. The results indicate that abetter institutional environment reduces currency mismatches. These findings call formonetary independence, stable fiscal policy, and macroprudential policy measures tominimize currency mismatches.
Efficacy of Retreats on Resident Physician Well-being as Measured by Maslach Burnout Index Analysis: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: McLeod Kristyn N , Woods Emily J , Hopp Shelby L , Bellolio Fernanda , Lohse Christine M , Battaglioli Nicole J , Colletti James E
Published: June 2020

Background: Awareness of burnout has led residency programs to seek interventions to promote well-being, resiliency, camaraderie and social network development. Limited evidence exists on the efficacy of specific interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy of an emergency medicine residency program’s semi-annual retreat using serial administration of the Maslach burnout index and resident well-being survey.Methods: Surveys were administered to all emergency medicine residents (n=25) in July 2018 and before and after fall 2018 and winter 2019 retreats. Retreats included a meal, team building, and social networking opportunities (bowling, softball, snow tubing, and sledding). Comparisons of responses between baseline, pre-retreat, and post-retreat were evaluated using two-sample t, Wilcoxon rank sum, and Fisher exact tests. Results: Sixteen emergency medicine residents (64%) responded at baseline. Response rates on subsequent surveys ranged from 14 (56%) to 21 (84%). Nineteen percent of residents exhibited burnout at baseline. This peaked at 36% pre-winter retreat. Burnout decreased after each retreat (fall: 29% to 6%, winter: 36% to 13%). Mean Maslach burnout index subscores for emotional exhaustion (13 to 9) and depersonalization (7 to 5) decreased from baseline to post-fall retreat, but neither changed significantly over the entire study period (emotional exhaustion: 13 to 12, depersonalization: 7 to 6). Resident well-being survey pre- and post-retreat responses were similar on all items.Conclusion: Meaningful, but not statistically significant differences were detected on the Maslach burnout index and resident well-being survey in association with a retreat. Mean emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and burnout decreased after retreats. Larger studies would provide further insight into the significance of these trends.
Dengue Vector Density Incident and Its Implication to Urban Livability
Authors: Majid Nuriah Abd , Razman Muhammad Rizal , Zakaria Sharifah Zarina Syed , Nazi Nurafiqah Muhamad
Published: June 2020

Background: Malaysia's population is set to reach 33.10 million by the end of 2020. About 75% of the population of Malaysia lived in urban areas and cities. The metropolitan area of Greater Kuala Lumpur had a population of more than seven million that year, making it the largest urban area in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur as the city centre for Greater Kuala Lumpur has been ranked as Southeast Asia's second most liveable city after Singapore. The livable city imperative is relevant because Malaysia's urbanization process is moving towards harmonization with the principles of sustainable development. Livable city involves many interdependent factors contributing to the urban quality of life. With their complete physical and social infrastructures, the urban types are an essential basis for improving the quality of life of the urbanites. However, increasing population and rapid land-use changes led to the emergence of vector-borne diseases such as dengue in an urban area. Prolong dengue outbreaks will reduce livability in urban areas. Therefore, this study aims to look at the density of dengue distribution in Bandar Baru Bangi town in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.Methods: The study uses data provided from the Ministry of Health Malaysia and shows the focus of dengue cases in residential and industrial areas of Bandar Baru Bangi town. Spatial analysis using Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied to identify the locality of dengue incidence within the study area. Spatial statistical analysis of dengue cases used Kernel Density Estimation to distinguish dengue hotspots from the distribution of the exact location of dengue cases reported in Bandar Baru Bangi town.Results: Kernel density estimation showed the dengue hotspots concentrated on the east of Bandar Baru Bangi town. The results found that the highest density was in 2015 was 605 to 706 points per square kilometres. This study also discovers that most of the hotspots constructed were located in the residential area of Bandar Baru Bangi.Conclusions: This study is essential to help local authorities eradicate dengue in urban areas for future management strategies; therefore, this study is vital to help local authorities eradicate dengue in urban areas for future management strategies.
Infectious endocarditis: Improving diagnostic performance in native and prosthetic valve infection with 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Marinho Ana Vera , Almeida José Paulo , Soeiro Paula , Silva Rodolfo , Gonçalves Francisco , Costa Gracinda , Gonçalves Lino , Ferreira Maria João
Published: June 2020

Background ﻿The diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) remains a clinical challenge. Diagnostic accuracy of the modified Duke criteria is suboptimal for native valve endocarditis (NVE) and even worse in the presence of prosthetic material-related infection (PVE). We aim to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET in patients with suspected IE referred to perform PET/CT.Methods: Consecutive patients with suspected IE, referred to perform PET/CT between May 2016 and June 2019 were included. Diagnostic performance of modified Duke criteria (mDC) and PET/ CT for IE for NVE and PVE was determined.Results: In total, 82 patients (mean age of 61 ± 19 years, 62% of male gender) were enrolled. There were 67 18F-FDG PET/CT concordant results with final diagnosis, corresponding to a 96% of agreement, k=0.91(p=0.04). A SUV max cutoff value of ≥3.1 identified positive cases with 88.9% sensitivity and 70.0% specificity. In patients with NVE, the addition of PET/CT to the mDC resulted in a reduction of the number of possible IE cases (from 58% to 4.3%). In patients with PVE/intracardiac devices, PET/CT allowed reclassification of 67.4% of possible cases to 4.2%. An alternative diagnosis was provided in 55.6% of the negative IE cases.Conclusions:18F-FDG PET/CT proved to be a useful diagnostic tool in patients with both suspected NVE and PVE with good sensitivity and specificity, resulting in a significant decrease of the number of possible endocarditis. Furthermore, it allowed the identification of the cause of clinical scenario in more than 50% of patients in which the diagnosis was excluded.
The Concurrent Anti-C1q and Anti-dsDNA but not Anti-C3b Antibodies as Potent Biomarkers for Lupus Nephritis prediction
Authors: Kianmehr Nahid , Khoshmirsafa Majid , Shekarabi Mehdi , Falak Reza , Seif Farhad , Haghighi Anousheh , Omidi Forouzan , Shirani Fatemeh , Dadfar Nima
Published: June 2020

Background: Lupus Nephritis (LN) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most serious and prevalent manifestations. The procedure of renal biopsy is harmful and accompanied by potential hazards. Therefore, introducing reliable biomarkers to predict LN is exceedingly worthwhile. In the current study, we compared the diagnostic values of circulating autoantibodies against dsDNA, C1q, C3b, SSA, SSB, and Sm alone or in combination to predict LN.Methods: This study evaluated abovementioned autoantibodies in 40 healthy controls (HCs) and 95 SLE patients with different kidney involvements, including absent (n = 40), inactive (n = 20), and active (n= 35) LN using EIA method.Result: The frequency and odds ratio of anti-dsDNA (71.4%, OR=4.2), anti-C1q (62.9%, OR= 5.1), and the simultaneous existence of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA (51.4%, OR=6) antibodies were significantly higher in the active LN group compared with both inactive and absent LN groups. Moreover, the levels of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies positively correlated with disease activity in patients with SLE. The prevalence of these autoantibodies was associated with the severity of LN biopsies. Conclusion: These data suggest that anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies and also the simultaneous presence of them may be valuable diagnostic biomarkers for LN prediction in patients with SLE.
Predicting and Relation between Bio-psychosocial Factors and Type of Childbirth using Decision Tree Method
Authors: Hajimirzaie Saiedeh sadat , Tehranian Najmeh , Mousavi Seyed Abbas , Golabpour Amin , Mirzaii Mehdi , Keramat Afsaneh , Khosravi Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Background

Growing the worldwide and Iranian cesarean section rate and rising morbidity and mortality thereafter for the mother and infant has been an important health issue. Predictive models can identify individuals with a higher probability of cesarean section and make better decisions. In this study, we investigated the bio-psychosocial factors associated with type of delivery. We designed a predictive model using the decision tree C4.5 algorithm.
Methods

In this longitudinal study 170 pregnant women were sampled in the third trimester of pregnancy. At the baseline phase blood samples were taken from mothers to measure estrogen hormone. Birth information was recorded at the follow-up time at 30–42 days postpartum. Modeling was performed using MATLAB software and C4.5 decision tree algorithm using input variables and the target variable.
Results

Previous type of childbirth, maternal body mass index at childbirth, maternal age, and serum estrogen were the most significant factors in predicting the childbirth type, respectively and decision tree model with 89.6%accuracy in the training stage and 83.3% in the test stage predicted the result.
Conclusion

The decision tree model designed with high accuracy and sensitivity can predict the type of childbirth. By recognizing the contributing factors and model rules, health practitioners and policymakers can take preventive action.
Value of Biopsy in a Cohort of Children with High-Titer Celiac Serologies: Observation of Dynamic Policy Differences between Europe and North America
Authors: Badizadegan Kamran , Vanlandingham David M. , Hampton Wesley , Thompson Kimberly M.
Published: June 2020

Background: Healthcare systems implement change at different rates because of differences in incentives, organizational processes, key influencers, and management styles. A comparable set of forces may play out at the national and international levels as demonstrated in significant differences in the diagnostic management of pediatric Celiac Disease (CD) between European and North American practioners. Methods: We use retrospective clinical cohorts of 27,868 serum tissue transglutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin A levels and 7,907 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy pathology reports to create a dataset of 793 pathology reports with matching tTG results between July 1 of 2014 and July 1 of 2018. We use this dataset to characterize histopathological findings in the duodenum, stomach and esophagus of patients as a function of serum tTG levels. In addition, we use the dataset to estimate the local and national cost of endoscopies performed in patients with serum tTG levels greater than 10 times the upper limit of normal. Results: Using evidence from a US tertiary care center, we show that in the cohort of pediatric patients with high pre-test probability of CD as determined by serum tTG levels, biopsy provides no additional diagnostic value for CD, and that it counter-intuitively introduces diagnostic uncertainty in a number of patients. We estimate that using the European diagnostic algorithms could avoid between 4,891 and 7,738 pediatric endoscopies per year in the US for evaluation of CD. Conclusions: This study considers the North American and European management guidelines for the diagnosis of pediatric CD and highlights the slow adoption in North America of evidence-based algorithms developed and applied in Europe for triage of endoscopy and biopsy. We suggest that the forces that maintain the status quo in North America go beyond medical evidence and include a variety of social and economic factors. This work contributes to the growing body of evidence that suggests that the dynamics that largely favor maintaining status quo management policies extend to clinical medicine and influence a variety of clinical decisions at the level of individual patients and the population.
Case Control Study: Incidence And Risk Factors Of Postpartum Haemorrhage In Primigravida
Authors: Yusof Juliana
Published: June 2020

Introduction: According to WHO, postpartum haemorrhage is defined as blood loss of more than 500 mL following vaginal delivery. Postpartum haemorrhage is still one of the leading causes of maternal deaths in Malaysia. The risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage in this study was divided into three which were pre-pregnancy, antenatal and intrapartum. Methods: A case control study was performed to identify the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage among primigravida in Sungai Buloh Hospital from 2016 to 2018. From the calculation done by using simple random sampling method, the required respondents were 150 for both case and control. The data collection method was in an audit form. The data obtained was entered using SPSS 21 (a statistical software). Results: From 2016 to 2018, 75 cases and 75 random controls of postpartum hemorrhage among primigravida were identified . The risk factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage in primigravida that is significant were age (P=0.001), occupation mainly self-employed ( P= 0.001), anemia during antenatal (P= 0.001), uterine fibroid (P=0.007), prolonged labour more than 8 hours (P=0.005), instrumental delivery (p=0.001) ,extensive vaginal wall tear (P= 0.009), cervical tear (P =0.013), 3rd and 4th degree tear (P=0.006), uterine atony (P=0.001) and vascular lower segment during caesarean section (P=0.029). Conclusion: The results showed that the risk factors for post-partum hemorrhage in primigravida were age, occupation (self-employed), antenatal anemia, uterine fibroid, prolonged labour more than 8 hours, instrumental delivery, extensive vaginal wall tear, cervical tear, 3rd and 4th degree tear, uterine atony and vascular lower segment during Caesarean section.
Optimizing Mechanical Stretching Protocols for Hypertrophic and Anti-apoptotic Responses in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Zevolis Evangelos , Philippou Anastassios , Moustogiannis Athanasios , Chatzigeorgiou Antonis , Koutsilieris Michael
Published: June 2020

Background: Cardiomyocytes are sensitive to mechanical loading, possessing the ability to respond to mechanical stimuli by reprogramming their gene expression. In this study, signaling as well as expression responses of myogenic, anabolic, inflammatory, atrophy and pro-apoptotic genes to different mechanical stretching protocols were examined in differentiated cardiomyocytes.Methods: H9C2 cardiomyoblasts were cultured on elastic membranes up to their 5th day of differentiation (myotubes) and then subjected to three different stretching protocols by altering their strain, frequency and duration characteristics, using an in vitro cell tension system. cells were harvested and lysed 24 hours after the completion of each stretching protocol and Real Time-PCR was used to monitor changes in mRNA expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MRF4), the IGF-1 isoforms (IGF-1Ea, IGF-1Eb), as well as atrophy (Atrogin-1), pro-apoptotic (FoxO, Fuca), and inflammatory (IL-6) factors in response to the different mechanical loading conditions. The activation of Akt and Erk 1/2 signaling proteins following the various stretching protocols was also evaluated by Western blot analysis.Results: We documented that the low strain (2.7% elongation), low frequency (0.25 Hz) and intermediate duration (12 hrs) stretching protocol was overall the most effective in inducing beneficial responses in differentiated cardiomyoblasts as it increased the expression of IGF-1 isoforms and phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 (p<0.05), while it provoked the downregulation of all the other factors examined (p<0.05-0.001). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that a low strain, low frequency of intermediate duration stretching protocol is the most effective in inducing a hypertrophic and anti-apoptotic response in H9C2 cardiomyotubes, in vitro.
Low‐intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Ameliorates Angiotension Ii-induced Cardiac Fibrosisbyalleviating Inflammation via a Caveolin-1-dependent Pathway
Authors: Zhao Kun , Zhang Jing , Xu Tianhua , Yang Chuanxi , Weng Liqing , Wu Tingting , Wu Xiaoguang , Mao Jiaming , Guo Xiasheng , Tu Juan , Zhang Dong , Zhou Bin , Sun Wei , Kong Xiangqing
Published: June 2020

Background: Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are major pathological manifestations observed in left ventricular remodeling induced by Angiotensin II (AngII). Concerning the fact that low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to improve cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in myocardial infarction (MI) through mechanotransductionanditsdownstream pathways, we aimed to investigate whether LIPUS could also exert a protective effect on ameliorating AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis andand if so, to further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: In our study, we used AngII to mimic the animal and cell culture models of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, where LIPUS irradiation (0.5MHz, 77.20mW/cm2) was applied for 20 minutes every 2 days from 1 week before surgery to 4 weeks after surgery in vivo, and every 6 hours for a total of 2 times in vitro. Following that, the levels of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were evaluated by echocardiographic, histopathological, and molecular biological methods. Results: Our results showed that LIPUS irradiation could ameliorate left ventricular remodeling in vivo and cardiac fibrosis in vitro by reducing AngII-inducedrelease of inflammatory cytokines, while the protective effects were limited on cardiac hypertrophy in vitro. Given that LIPUS irradiation increased the expression of caveolin-1 related to mechanical stimulation, we inhibited caveolin-1 activity with pyrazolopyrimidine 2 (pp2) in vitro, by which LIPUS-induced downregulation of inflammation was reversed and the anti-fibrosis effects of LIPUS irradiation were absent. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate that LIPUS irradiation could ameliorate AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis by alleviating inflammation via a caveolin-1-dependent pathway, providing new insights for the development of novel therapeuticapparatus in clinical practice.
Long noncoding RNA LINC00152 promotes glioma cell proliferation via Src-YAP signaling pathway
Authors: Jin Liang , Jin Ai , Lan Weitu , Jin Yan , Zhang Wei , Zhao Lizhi
Published: June 2020

Objective The study is designed to observe the influence of LncRNA LINC00152 on the proliferation of glioma cells and explore the role of Src-YAP signal pathway in the process.Methods U251 and U87 cell were used for in vitro experiments and xenograft studies; transfection method was adopted to build a LINC00152 overexpressing cell strain, and cell viability was determined by MTT assay; cell colony formation ability was measured through colony formation assay, and protein expression was determined by Western blot; YAP protein expression distribution is detected through Immunofluorescence.Key findings LINC00152 overexpressing can enhance the U251 and U87 cell proliferation, the colony formation and the growing ability of subcutaneously transplanted tumor, and it induces YAP nuclear import and down-regulates p-LATS1 and p-YAP protein expression, and up-regulates p-Src protein expression. Src inhibitor 1 can inhibit the changes in protein expression and the cell colony formation of p-LATS1, p-YAP and p-Src, which are induced by overexpression of LINC00152 in U251 and U87 cells.Conclusions LINC00152 promotes cell proliferation of glioma U251 and U87, and the action might be associated with process of activation of Src, inhibition of phosphorylation cascade reaction of LATS1-YAP pathway and final inducing of YAP nuclear import.
Evidence of Early Vasogenic Edema Following Minor Head Injury That Can Be Reduced With a Vasopressin V1a Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Kulkarni Praveen , Bhosle Mansi R , Lu Shi-fang , Iriah Sade , Simon Neal G. , Ferris Craig
Published: June 2020

Background: Does minor head injury without signs of structural brain damage cause short-term changes in vasogenic edema as measured by an increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) using diffusion weighted imaging? If so, could the increase in vasogenic edema be treated with a vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist? We hypothesized that SRX251, a highly selective V1a antagonist, would reduce vasogenic edema in response to a single minor head injury.Methods: Lightly anesthetized male rats were subjected to a sham procedure or a single hit to the forehead using a closed skull, momentum exchange model. Animals recovered in five min and were injected with saline vehicle (n=8) or SRX251 (n=8) at 15 min post head injury and again 7-8 hrs later. At 2 hrs, 6 hrs, and 24 hrs post injury, rats were anesthetized and scanned for increases in ADC, a neurological measure of vasogenic edema. Sham rats (n=6) were exposed to anesthesia and scannedat all time points but were not hit or treated. Images were registered to and analyzed using a 3D MRI rat atlas providing site-specific data on 150 different brain areas. These brain areas were divided into 11 major brain regions.Results: Untreated rats with head injury showed a significant increase in global brain vasogenic edema as compared to sham and SRX251 treated rats. Edema peaked at 6 hrs in injured, untreated rats in three brain regions where changes in ADC were observed, but returned to sham levels by 24 hrs. There were regional variations in the time course of vasogenic edema and drug efficacy. Edema was significantly reduced in cerebellum and thalamus with SRX251 treatment while the basal ganglia did not show a significant response to treatment. Conclusion: A single minor impact to the forehead causes regional increases in vasogenic edema that peak at 6 hrs but return to baseline within a day in a subset of brain regions. Treatment with a selective V1a receptor antagonist can reduce much of the edema.
Factors in implementation of clinical commissioning policy in improving health and wellbeing and/or reducing health inequalities in the English NHS: a systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Regmi Krishna , Mudyarabikwa Oliver
Published: June 2020

Objective: This study aimed to identify and synthesise the factors in implementing clinical commissioning policy in improving health and/or reducing health inequalities in the English NHS. Methods: Systematic review was conducted. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Allied & Complementary Medicine, DH-DATA, Global Health and CINAHL for primary studies that assessed the enablers and barriers, and reported in accordance with PRISMA statement. Methodological quality was appraised using JBI Critical Appraisal tools and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool [MMAT] to assess the methodological qualities, and synthesised performing thematic analysis. Two reviewers independently screened the papers and extracted data. Results: We included six primary studies (including a total of 1155 participants) in the final review. The studies reported two broad categories, under four separate themes: agenda of health inequalities not fully addressed; poor evidence for reducing health inequalities; reform through restructuring of organisations, and strategic approaches. Conclusion: This study provides useful factors – enablers and barriers – to implement and deliver clinical commissioning policy in improving health and wellbeing. These factors could be assessed in future to develop objective measures and interventions to establish the link between commissioning and health inequalities improving equitable access, health outcomes and effective partnerships.
Severe pantothenic acid deficiency induces alterations in the intestinal mucosal proteome of starter Pekin ducks
Authors: Tang Jing , Feng Yulong , Zhang Bo , Wu Yongbao , Guo Zhanbao , Liang Suyun , Xie Ming , Zhou Zhengkui , Hou Shuisheng
Published: June 2020

Background

Pantothenic acid deficiency (PAD) results in growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of animals. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain to be established and an overview of molecular alterations is still lacking. We investigated intestinal mucosal proteome changes induced by PAD in ducks to explain its effects on growth and intestine.
Methods

A total of 128 one-day-old Pekin ducks were divided into two groups, with 8 replicates and 8 birds per replicate. All the ducks were fed either a PAD or a pantothenic acid adequate (control, CON) diet for 16 days.
Results

High mortality, growth retardation, fasting hypoglycemia, reduced plasma insulin, and oxidative stress were observed in the PAD group compared to the CON group. Furthermore, PAD induced morphological alterations of the small intestine indicated by reduced villus height and villus surface area of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum mucosal proteome of ducks showed that 198 proteins were upregulated and 223 proteins were downregulated (> 1.5-fold change) in the PAD group compared to those in the CON group. Pathway analysis of these proteins exhibited the suppression of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, fatty acid beta oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and intestinal absorption in the PAD group, indicating impaired energy generation and abnormal intestinal absorption. We also show that nine out of eleven proteins involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton were upregulated by PAD, probably indicates reduced intestinal integrity.
Conclusion

PAD leads to growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of ducks, which are associated with impaired in energy generation, abnormal intestinal absorption, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of intestinal mucosa metabolic disorders due to PAD.
Effect of Oligopin Supplementation on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mansour Asieh , Sanginabadi Milad , Mohajeri-Tehrani Mohammad Reza , Karimi Sara , Gerami Hadis , Mahdavi-Gorabi Armita , Shirzad Nooshin , Samadi Majid , Baygi Fereshteh , Qorbani Mostafa , Hosseini Saeed
Published: June 2020

Background: A double blind clinical trial was performed to evaluate whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-specific serum markers and metabolic parameters would change in women with PCOS during three months administration of oligopin. Methods: In this double-blind multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 80 PCOS women, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive oligopin (n= 40) or placebo (n = 40) for up to 3 months. As PCOS- specific outcomes, we investigated changes in testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and increase luteinizing hormone (LH). Secondary end points were metabolic (fasting glycaemia, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipids, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), anthropometrics parameters and blood pressure from baseline to end of treatment. We investigate serum transaminase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels as hepatic and kidney outcomes, respectively. Results: PCOS-specific serum parameters did not change during three months administration of oligpin (p > 0.05) except for small increase in FSH levels (p=0.03). Oligopin neither changed the metabolic profile nor the anthropometric parameters or blood pressure. ALP levels significantly increased in placebo group compared with oligopin (p=0.01). Conclusion: Oligopin supplementation does not seem to be exerting a beneficial effect on both hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS.The study was registered at www.irct.ir with the identifier number of IRCT20140406017139N3.Registered 22 December 2018 - Retrospectively registered.
Preoperative Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, Red Cell Distribution Width As Predictive Markers For Pancreatic Cancer Patients Who Underwent Radical Pancreatomy
Authors: Wang Dan , Fan Xiaona , Fang Lin , Zhou Tianshuo , Li Qingwei , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Jinshuang , Li Ruiyang , Han Shuling , Li Zhiwei
Published: June 2020

Objective: To explore the value of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) who underwent radical pancreatomy.Background: Inflammatory factors are important factors in promoting the occurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. RDW and MCHC are suggested to be relevant to the prognosis of several malignancies. Such as gastric cancer, colon cancer. However, there are few studies to explore the correlation between them and PC.Methods: This study included 532 patients with PC who underwent radical resection between March 2011 and May 2019. Kaplan-Meier curve method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were applied to analyze prognosis. Correlations between categorical variables were analyzed using Chi squared tests.Results: Survival curve showed that OS and PFS were significantly favorable for resectable PC patients with high preoperative MCHC (P=0.02) (P=0.005), RDW in the normal range (P<0.001) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis suggested that MCHC (HR: 0.612, 95%CI: 0.426-0.879, P=0.008), and RDW (HR: 3.969, 95%CI: 2.952-5.338, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for resectable PC patients. MCHC (HR: 0.657, 95%CI: 0.458-0.943, P=0.023), RDW (HR: 3.915, 95%CI: 2.923-5.243, P < 0.001) were also independent recurrent factors for resectable PC patients. Correlation analysis showed that MCHC was related to tumor size, nerve invasion, and anemia-related indicators, meanwhile RDW was connected with carcinoma-embryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen199 (CA19-9).Conclusion: The preoperative MCHC and RDW were simple and convenient predictive factors for prognosis and progression of patients with PC.
Amyloid-beta Uptake by Peripheral Blood Monocytes is Reduced by Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chen Si-Han , Tian Ding-Yuan , Shen Ying-Ying , Cheng Yuan , Fan Dong-Yu , Sun Hao-Lun , He Chen-Yang , Sun Pu-Yang , Bu Xian-Le , Zeng Fan , Deng Juan , Xu Zhi-Qiang , Chen Yang , Wang Yanjiang
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDeficits in the clearance of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The roles of blood monocytes, the counterpartsof microglia in the periphery, in the development of AD remain unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the alterations in the Aβ phagocytosis function of peripheral monocytes during ageing and in AD patients. Methods:A total of104 cognitively normal participants aged 22 to 89 years old, 22 AD patients, 22 age- and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 15 Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and 15 age- and sex-matched CN subjects were recruited. The Aβ uptake by blood monocytes were measured and its alteration during ageing and in AD were investigated. ResultsAβ1-42 uptake by monocytes was associated with Aβ1-42 levels in the blood. Aβ1-42 uptake by monocytes decreased during ageing, and further decreased in AD but not in PD patients. Among the Aβ uptake-related receptors and enzymes, the expression of Toll‑like receptor 2 (TLR2) was reduced in monocytes from AD patients.ConclusionOur findings suggest that monocytes regulate the blood levels of Aβ and might be involved in the development of AD. The recovery of the Aβ clearance function by blood monocytes represents a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
Comparison of Cold Hardiness Evaluation of Woody Species by ELLT and TTCLT
Authors: Li Hui-qing , Li Qing-he , Xing Lei , Sun Gao-jie , Zhao Xiu-lian
Published: June 2020

Cold hardiness evaluation is important for screening woody species in cold areas. We compared cold hardiness by estimating the 50% lethal temperature (LT50) using electrolyte leakage test (ELLT50) and triphenyltetrazolium chloride test (TTCLT50) for 26 woody species in the Bashang region of China. One-year-old shoots were collected in January and exposed to five subfreezing temperatures in a programmable temperature and humidity chamber. LT50 was estimated by fitting relative electrolyte leakage and percentage of dead tissue against test temperature. For all tested species, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining of the pith was weak and the cambium TTCLT50 was lower than the extreme minimum temperature (−37 °C) recorded in the region. The cambium TTCLT50 and the sd were lower than that for the phloem and xylem. The phloem TTCLT50 was lower than the xylem TTCLT50, and the two sds were similar. The ELLT50 showed no significant correlation with any TTCLT50. For most species, the ELLT50 was higher than the cambium and phloem TTCLT50 and was not significant different with the xylem TTCLT50. The ELLT50 showed higher sd than any tissue TTCLT50. Based on results obtained in this study, when choosing cold hardiness of single stem tissue as an indicator for screening woody species, the xylem should be considered first, followed by the phloem; the cambium and pith were unsuitable. The cold hardiness estimated by ELLT50 was more suitable as indicator for screening woody species than that of stem tissue in winter estimated by TTCLT50.
Poroelastic Theory of Consolidation in Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Lo Wei-Cheng , Sposito Garrison , Chu Hsiuhua
Published: June 2020

The theory of poroelastic behavior in a deformable porous medium containing two immiscible, viscous, compressible fluids was applied to the three‐dimensional consolidation of unsaturated soils. Three coupled partial differential equations were developed that feature the displacement vector of the solid phase and the excess pore water and air pressures as dependent variables. These equations generalize the classic Biot consolidation model, which applies to saturated soils, with effective stress emerging naturally from a pure compliance formulation of the relation between stress and strain. Under uniaxial strain and constant total compaction stress, the equations simplify to two coupled diffusion equations for the excess pore water and air pressures. Analytical solutions describing the response to instantaneous compression under both permeable and semipermeable boundary drainage conditions were obtained using the Laplace transform. Numerical calculations of pore water pressure, effective stress, and total settlement were made for a soil with clay texture as a representative example. The results show that excess pore water pressure dissipates faster at higher initial water content, leading to higher effective stress. The loading efficiency also was found to be highly sensitive to initial water saturation.