bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bug prediction method for mobile app versioning using Gradient Descent Algorithm
Authors: Pandey Mamta , Litoriya Ratnesh , Pandey Prateek
Published: March 2023

Mobile software (apps) is increasing day by day and human being is mostly dependent on these apps. New methodologies, tools, and technologies have continuously made the lifecycle for the mobile apps development more technology dependent. Very few research in the field of mobile app bug targets on bug evaluation, bug recognition, and bug prediction. Prediction of a bug in software field is almost contemporary research area that includes adopting numerous approaches such as fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence, data mining etc. Nevertheless, bug prediction of mobile apps is the very latest area of research and existing literature shows that there are very superficial work has done in this area. Bug detection and correction is complex phenomena for mobile apps. There are various advantages to measuring the mobile app such as accuracy of estimation, mobile app cost to boost the quality of apps. The purpose of this study is to provide a model that predicts the number of bugs in a future version of a mobile app compared to an earlier version of the app, and we used a gradient descent algorithm to accomplish this task. The latest version of the app may have advance feature, new content, modified design etc. The aim of our study is to anticipate the new bugs recognized in the latest version of the app by evaluating the category of modifications in an objective and recognizing various types of bugs. Mobile app developer and project manager both can get help from bug predictor’s model. The bug predictor model helps to improve the quality codes and minimize the test time.
Energy-efficient Design of Cognitive Radio Sensor Network With Channel Bonding Using Software Defined Radio
Authors: J BALA VISHNU , Palanivel Suresh , A Bhagyaveni M
Published: March 2023

Underutilization of some licensed bands and increasing demand for large bandwidth allocation in unlicensed bands lead to the development of channel bonding in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks (CRSN). Since Sensor Networks usually consists of power constraint devices, we need to acquire channel bonding in CRSN without sacrificing its energy efficiency. In this paper, we proposed an energy-efficient channel bonding with adaptive channel selection for CRSN to enable the unlicensed users to access the licensed user’s spectrum with enhanced performance in their absence. The channel bonding can significantly increase the spectral efficiency of CRSN. The adaptive channel selection based on minimum occupancy criteria proposed increases the energy efficiency of the CRSN. Simulation and hardware testbed results show that the proposed method has a considerably better throughput of 27% and an energy efficiency of 21% compared to the existing methods.
Red blood cell distribution width is associated with short-term mortality in critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shi Jincun , Chen Fujin , Wang Xiaobo , Ni Bukao , Wu Jianhua , Zheng Kaihui
Published: March 2023

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with increased mortality in several diseases. However, the relationship between RDW fluctuations and the prognosis of critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been reported. This study investigated the association between baseline RDW levels and dynamic changes and short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM.All critically ill patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for T2DM in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic and Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier survival, and subgroup analyses were used to determine the association between baseline RDW and short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM. Generalized additive mixed models were then used to compare trends in RDW over time between survivors and non-survivors.This study enrolled 6,299 patients with a 28-day mortality rate of 18.4%. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed higher 28-day and 60-day mortality (P<0.001) in the high baseline RDW group. High baseline RDW was revealed by multivariate logistic and Cox regression models as an independent risk factor for in-hospital, 28-day, and 60-day mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM. An association between elevated baseline RDW and 28-day mortality was observed in all subgroup analyses. The generalized summation mixed-effects model results showed a significant difference in RDW between the surviving and non-surviving groups within 48 h of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Moreover, this difference increased with time (β=0.034,P=0.003).Elevated baseline RDW at ICU admission was associated with high short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM, an association that remained significant within 48 h of patient admission to the ICU. Moreover, dynamic monitoring of RDW may help predict short-term mortality in critically ill patients with T2DM. However, this finding requires further validation in prospective studies.
A study on two-sided matching game of virtual business partners based on heterogeneous multi-attribute preferences and subject's psychological behavior
Authors: xiao hanjie
Published: March 2023

Partner selection and matching is a key part of virtual enterprise formation, which directly affects the growth and development of virtual enterprises. The selection and matching of virtual enterprise partners can be regarded as Multi-attribute Two-sided Matching (MATSM) problem. This paper considers the current situation of attribute preferences in the mutual evaluation process of virtual partner selection, introduces a heterogeneous multi-attribute preference evaluation language system, analyzes the psychological behavior characteristics of both subjects in the decision-making process of selection and matching, gives the strategies and conditions of bilateral matching of virtual enterprise partners, and realizes an effective matching with balanced satisfaction of both virtual enterprise partners.
Identification of asthma-related genes using asthmatic blood eQTLs of Korean patients
Authors: Kim Dong Jun , Lim Ji Eun , Jung Hae-Un , Chung Ju Yeon , Baek Eun Ju , Jung Hyein , Kwon Shin Young , Kim Han Kyul , Kang Ji-One , Park Kyungtaek , Won Sungho , Kim Tae-Bum , Oh Bermseok
Published: March 2023

Background
More than 200 asthma-associated genetic variants have been identified in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data resources can help identify causal genes of the GWAS signals, but it can be difficult to find an eQTL that reflects the disease state because most eQTL data are obtained from normal healthy subjects.
Methods
We performed a blood eQTL analysis using transcriptomic and genotypic data from 436 Korean asthma patients. To identify asthma-related genes, we carried out colocalization and Summary-based Mendelian Randomization (SMR) analysis using the results of asthma GWASs and eQTL data. In addition, we compared the results of disease eQTL data and asthma-related genes with two normal blood eQTL data from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and a Japanese study.
Results
We identified 342,054 cis-eQTL and 2,931 eGenes from asthmatic eQTL analysis. We compared the disease eQTL results with GTEx and a Japanese study and found that 63.2% of the 2,931 eGenes overlapped with the GTEx eGenes and 38.5% with the Japanese eGenes. Following the integrated analysis of the asthmatic eQTL data with asthma GWASs, using colocalization and SMR methods, we identified 13 asthma-related genes specific to the Korean asthmatic eQTL data.
Conclusions
We provided Korean asthmatic cis-eQTL data and identified asthma-related genes by integrating them with GWAS data. In addition, we suggested these asthma-related genes as therapeutic targets for asthma. We envisage that our findings will contribute to understanding the etiological mechanisms of asthma and provide novel therapeutic targets.
Maternal Mosaicism in SSBP1 Causing Optic Atrophy with Retinal Degeneration: Implications for Genetic Counseling
Authors: Chang Yin-Hsi , Kang Eugene Yu-Chuan , Liu Laura , Jenny Laura A. , Khang Rin , Seo Go Hun , Lee Hane , Chen Kuan-Jen , Wu We-Chi , Hsiao Meng-Chang , Wang Nan-Kai
Published: March 2023

Background: Optic atrophy-13 with retinal and foveal abnormalities (OPA13) (MIM #165510) is a mitochondrial disease in which apparent bilateral optic atrophy is present and sometimes followed by retinal pigmentary changes or photoreceptors degeneration. OPA13 is caused by heterozygous mutation in the SSBP1 gene, associated with variable mitochondrial dysfunctions.
Results: We have previously reported a 16-year-old Taiwanese male diagnosed with OPA13 and SSBP1 variant c.320G>A (p.Arg107Gln) was identified by whole exon sequence (WES). This variant was assumed to be de novo since his parents were clinically unaffected. However, WES and Sanger sequencing further revealed the proband’s unaffected mother carrying the same SSBP1 variant with a 13% variant allele frequency (VAF) in her peripheral blood. That finding strongly indicates the maternal gonosomal mosaicism contributing to OPA13, which has not been reported before.
Conclusions: In summary, we described the first case of OPA13 caused by maternal gonosomal mosaicism in SSBP1. Parental mosaicism could be a serious issue in OPA13 diagnosis, and appropriate genetic counseling should be considered.
Experience of using the Virtual Reality Neurologic Examination Teaching tool (Version 2.0) to educate medical students
Authors: Yang Siyong , Beom Jin Ho , Han Eun Ah , Cho Junho
Published: March 2023

Background
Neurologic examination is a basic procedure that medical students must be competent in. However, there are limitations in the methods used for educating students about neurologic symptoms because light reflexes, nystagmus, facial palsies, corneal reactions, or doll reflexes cannot be expressed by standardized patients (SPs) at will. Therefore, we developed the Virtual Reality Neurologic Examination Teaching tool Version 2.0 (VRNET 2.0) to educate emergency medicine students in this regard. This study aimed to introduce VRNET 2.0 and report the experience of applying it for student education. Using VRNET 2.0, instructors can apply neurologic findings to virtual patients. This would help students understand neurologic examination by selecting various commands and interacting with a virtual patient.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed the responses to a questionnaire administered to fourth-year medical students after the completion of a practice run.
Results
Compared to the training method using SPs + VRNET in 2019, training using VRNET 2.0 in 2021 was found to be superior in terms of satisfaction (8.18 [SP + VRNET] vs 8.81 [VRNET 2.0], p = 0.011) and difficulty (7.95 [SP + VRNET] vs 7.25 [VRNET 2.0], p = 0.040).
Conclusion
Neurologic examination training using VRNET 2.0 for medical students showed higher satisfaction and lower difficulty than the training program combining SP and VRNET.
Direct generation of time-energy-entangled W triphotons in atomic vapor
Authors: Wen Jianming , Zhang Yanpeng , Cai Yin , Li Kangkang , Li Changbiao , Li Feng , Zhang Zhaoyang , Xiao Min , Ghamsari Saeid
Published: March 2023

Sources of entangled multiphotons are not only essential for fundamental tests of quantum foundations, but are also the cornerstone of a variety of optical quantum technologies today. Over past three decades, tremendous efforts have been devoted to creating multiphoton entanglement by multiplexing existing biphoton sources with linear optics and postselections. Different from all previous protocols, here we report, for the first time, the observation of continuous-mode time-energy-entangled W-class triphotons with an unprecedented generation rate directly through the process of spontaneous six-wave mixing (SSWM) in a four-level triple-Λ atomic vapor cell. Facilitated by electromagnetically induced transparency and coherence control, our SSWM scheme enables versatile narrowband triphoton generation with many intriguing properties including long temporal coherence and controllable waveforms, ideal for implementing long-distance quantum communications, networking, and information processing by interfacing photons and atoms. Most importantly, our work paves a way for the development of a reliable and efficient genuine triphoton source, thus making the research on multiphoton entanglement within easy reach.
Using DIALOG+ in primary care to improve quality of life and mental distress of patients with long-term physical conditions: an exploratory non-controlled study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia and Uganda
Authors: Loggerenberg Francois van , Akena Dikens , Alinaitwe Racheal , Birabwa-Oketcho Harriet , Méndez Camilo Andrés Cabarique , Gómez-Restrepo Carlos , Kulenović Alma Džubur , Selak Nejra , Kiseljaković Meliha , Musisi Seggane , Nakasujja Noeline , Sewankambo Nelson K. , Priebe Stefan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The management of long-term physical conditions is a challenge worldwide, absorbing a majority resources despite the importance of acute care. The management of these conditions is done largely in primary care and so interventions to improve primary care could have an enormous impact. However, very little data exist on how to do this. Mental distress is frequently comorbid with long term physical conditions, and can impact on health behaviour and adherence, leading to poorer outcomes. DIALOG+ is a low-cost, patient-centred and solution-focused intervention, which is used in routine patient-clinician meetings and has been shown to improve outcomes in mental health care. The question arises as to whether it could also be used in primary care to improve the quality of life and mental health of patients with long-term physical conditions. This is particularly important for low- and middle-income countries with limited health care resources.
Methods: An exploratory non-controlled multi-site trial was conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, and Uganda. Feasibility was determined by recruitment, retention, and session completion. Patient outcomes (quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms, objective social situation) were assessed at baseline and after three approximately monthly DIALOG+ sessions.
Results: A total of 117 patients were enrolled in the study, 25 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 32 in Colombia, and 60 in Uganda. In each country, more than 75% of anticipated participants were recruited, with retention rates over 90% and completion of the intervention exceeding 92%. Patients had significantly higher quality of life and fewer anxiety and depression symptoms at post-intervention follow-up, with moderate to large effect sizes. There were no significant improvements in objective social situation.
Conclusion: The findings from this exploratory trial suggest that DIALOG+ is feasible in primary care settings for patients with long-term physical conditions and may substantially improve patient outcomes. Future research may test implementation and effectiveness of DIALOG+ in randomized controlled trials in wider primary care settings in low- and middle-income countries.
Trial registration: All studies were registered prospectively within the ISRCTN Registry. ISRCTN17003451, 02/12/2020 (Bosnia and Herzegovina), ISRCTN14018729, 01/12/2020 (Colombia) and ISRCTN50335796, 02/12/2020 (Uganda).
Predictive effect of TCED-HFV grading and imaging biomarkers on anti-VEGF therapy in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Yu Lu , Hao Xiaolin , Cheng Jie , Ling Yu , Ren Hong , Mo Bin , Liu Wu
Published: March 2023

Background
To evaluate the predictive effect of TCED-HFV grading and imaging biomarkers on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in diabetic macular edema (DME).
Methods
81 eyes of 81 DME patients who were treated with anti-VEGF were included in this retrospective cohort study. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination at baseline and follow-up, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, and spectral domain–optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Baseline imaging biomarkers were qualitatively and quantitatively graded according to the TCED-HFV classification protocol, and DME was divided into early stage, advanced stage, severe stage, and atrophy stage.
Results
Six months post treatment, central subfield thickness (CST) in 49 eyes (60.5%) had decreased by 10% from baseline, 30 eyes (37.0%) had achieved CST < 300 µm, and 45 eyes (55.6%) had BCVA improved by more than five letters. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that eyes with baseline CST ≥ 390 µm had a higher probability of ≥ 10% reduction in CST from baseline, and eyes with abundant hyperreflective dots (HRD) had a lower probability of 10% reduction in CST (all P < 0.05). Eyes with vitreomacular traction (VMT) or epiretinal membrane (ERM) at baseline were less likely to reach the end point of CST < 300 µm (P < 0.05). BCVA increases of more than five letters were less likely in eyes with baseline BCVA ≥ 69 letters, complete or partial destruction of ellipsoid zone (EZ) at baseline (all P < 0.05). TCED-HFV staging was negatively correlated with BCVA at both baseline and 6 months (Kendall’s tau-b=-0.39 and − 0.55, all P < 0.01). TCED-HFV staging was positively correlated with CST at 6 months (Kendall’s tau-b = 0.19, P = 0.049) and negatively correlated with the reduction of CST (Kendall’s tau-b=-0.32, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
The TCED-HFV grading protocol facilitates a comprehensive assessment of DME severity, standardizes the grading of multiple imaging biomarkers, and predicts the anatomical and functional outcomes of anti-VEGF treatment.
Neuro Fuzzy Framework for EEG Signal Classification to improve Supply Chain efficiency
Authors: Duy Linh Bui , Le Luan Thanh , Minh Ngoc Vu-Thi , Huong Giang Hoang , Van Bao Duong
Published: March 2023

The Electroencephalogram (EEG), which is used in the diagnosis of brain related disease, which reflects the physiological processes of the human brain. Any human expert must take their time visually examining a large amount of EEG data, and there is a chance that their assessments will differ or be inconsistent across doctors. So, using deep learning techniques, a process of automated identification and diagnosis is started. The Neuro Fuzzy Framework (NFF) classifier is discovered to be the superior classifier when the results are studied and contrasted based on the different factors. This work might make the categorization process stronger in practise, advancing medical diagnosis. The diagnosed information can be further utilized by the supply chain management system for providing the medicines and other needed materials to the user on appropriate time. The enrichment of supply chain management system is analysed in this article.
Checkpoint inhibitor mediated conduction abnormalities reversed with early intravenous steroid administration: a case report
Authors: Baird Andrew , Drakos Stavros , Groh Christopher , Wang Libo
Published: March 2023

A man receiving nivolumab and ipilimumab presented post-syncopal episode with troponin elevation before rapidly developing progressive conduction abnormalities requiring pacing from checkpoint inhibitor mediated myocarditis. His arrhythmia resolved with prompt steroids. There is a paucity of literature supporting treatment strategies for heart block related to immune checkpoint inhibitor mediated myocarditis. Most cases have not been treated promptly with aggressive steroid therapy, and rarely have patients been liberated from pacemaker requirement following treatment. This case demonstrates the potentially devastating adverse effects of checkpoint inhibition and emphasizes the necessity of using a Bayesian approach to timely diagnosis and treatment.
Migraine Frequency and Duration Among Medical Students Before Matriculation Versus After Matriculation: A Cross-Sectional Survey Design
Authors: Reddy Amsha
Published: March 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and duration of migraine among medical students following matriculation into medical school compared to frequency and duration prior to matriculation. This study also evaluated the relationship of post-matriculation frequency and duration of migraine with potential triggers including perceived stress, average hours of sleep per night, and daily water consumption.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design and included 78 participants enrolled at the Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine (ACOM) in Dothan, Alabama for the 2022-2023 academic year. Data was collected from participants’ self-reporting answers to each survey item and analyzed using two factor ANOVA, paired two sample t-test, and Chi-square test of independence.
Results: Participants demonstrated increased duration of migraine (p value = .03), increased water consumption (p value = .008), and increased perceived stress post-matriculation (p value < .001). Increased migraine duration post-matriculation was not found to be associated with the increase in perceived stress. Migraine frequency did not increase post-matriculation. However, participants who reported less hours of sleep were more likely to have increased frequency of migraine post-matriculation (p = .007). Female participants were more likely to have increased frequency (p = .002) and duration (p = .003) of migraine post-matriculation. Participants with family history of migraine were also more likely to have increased frequency (p = .046) and duration (p = .001) of migraine post-matriculation.
Conclusions: This study revealed greater duration of migraine among medical students following matriculation into medical school compared to duration of migraine pre-matriculation.
Contralateral Translaminar Endoscopic Approach for Highly Down-migrated Lumbar Disc Herniation using Percutaneous Biportal Endoscopic Surgery
Authors: Cheng Wei , Gao Wenshuo , Zhu Chengyue , Shao Rongxue , Wang Dong , Pan Hao , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Objective: Unilateral biportal endoscopy （UBE）is a minimally invasive spine surgery with reduced traumatization of the posterior lumbar ligament and muscular structures. This study reports contralateral translaminar approach with UBE for highly down-migrated lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
Methods: Data of 32 patients with highly down-migrated LDH treated using UBE at Hangzhou TCM hospital from January 2020 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The operation time and perioperative complications were recorded, and the visual analog scale (VAS) of pain was recorded to evaluate the degree of lower back and extremity pain. The Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate lumbar spine function. The modified MacNab score was used to evaluate clinical efficacy.
Results: All patients successfully underwent the operation, with a time range from 47 to 65 minutes and an average operation time of 56.09 ±5.11 minutes. Overall, 17 and 15 were males and females, respectively, with ages ranging from 34 to 72 years and an average age of 56 ±7.89 years. The postoperative follow-up period was 12–18 months, with an average of 14.9 ±2.3 months. The postoperative lower back VAS pain score and ODI were statistically significant compared with preoperatively (P < 0.05). At the final follow-up, according to the modified Macnab criteria, 90.6% of cases were classified as good or excellent.
Conclusion: UBE treatment of highly down-migrated LDH through the contralateral translaminar approach is safe and efficient. Therefore, this approach can be an efficient alternative for patients with highly downward-migrating LDH.
Stratum corneum lipidomics analysis of the transdermal permeability achieved by phytosterol-mediated glycerosomes combined with peppermint oil
Authors: Ruan Hang , Shen Lina , Hou Xiaolin , Li Jiaqi , Guo Teng , Zhu Chunyun , Feng Nianping , Zhang Yongtai
Published: March 2023

Although the introduction of glycerosomes have enriched strategies for efficient transdermal drug delivery, the inclusion of cholesterol as a membrane stabilizer has limited their clinical application. The current study describes the development and optimization of a new type of glycerosome (S-glycerosome) that is formed in glycerol solution with β-sitosterol as the stabilizer. Moreover, the transdermal permeation properties of lappaconitine (LA)-loaded S-glycerosomes and peppermint oil (PO)-mediated S-glycerosomes (PO-S-glycerosomes) are evaluated, and the lipid alterations in the stratum corneum are analyzed via lipidomics. Results show that the LA-loaded S-glycerosomes have a mean size of 145.3 ± 7.81 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 73.14 ± 0.35%. Moreover, the addition of PO positively impacts transdermal flux, peaking at 0.4% (w/v) PO. Tracing of the fluorescent probe P4 further revealed that PO-S-glycerosomes penetrate deeper into the skin than S-glycerosomes and conventional liposomes. Additionally, treatment with PO-S-glycerosomes alters the isoform type, number, and composition of sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, and fatty acids in the stratum corneum, with the most notable effect observed for ceramides, the main component of sphingolipids. Furthermore, the administration of PO-S-glycerosomes improves the treatment efficacy of xylene-induced inflammation in mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the feasibility of β-sitosterol as a stabilizer in glycerosomes. Additionally, the inclusion of PO improves the transdermal permeation of S-glycerosomes, potentially by altering the stratum corneum lipids.
miR-33a-3p regulates METTL3-mediated AREG stability and alters EMT to inhibit pancreatic cancer invasion and metastasis
Authors: Su Xiaowen , Lai Tiantian , Tao Yue , Zhang Yong , Zhao Changyong , Zhou Junjing , Chen Enhong , Zhu Maoqun , Zhang Shuo , Wang Bei , Mao Yong , Hu Hao
Published: March 2023

Background: Recent studies have shown that amphoteric regulatory protein (AREG), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family, is expressed in many cancers and is an independent prognostic indicator for patients with pancreatic cancer, but whether AREG is regulated at the epigenetic level to promote the development of pancreatic cancer (PC) has not been elucidated.
Methods: The expression level and role of AREG in PC cell tissues were investigated by GEPIA database, quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blotting, CCK8 and Transwell assays. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) sequencing and RNA sequencing indicated that METTL3 regulates the m6A modification of AREG and affects its expression. RIP, MeRIP were used to explore its regulatory role and potential mechanisms. The association between AREG expression and clinical classification parameters was analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. In addition, we predicted that miR-33a-3p regulates METTL3 expression by miRDB and RNAinter. The intrinsic mechanisms and regulatory roles were explored using dual luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments.
Results: Our results support the notion that AREG is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. Functionally, the deletion of AREG impedes pancreatic cancer (PC) cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, we identified and validated that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) induced the m6A modification on AREG and facilitated the stability of AREG mRNA after sequencing. Additionally, we obtained experimental evidence that miR-33a-3p targets and inhibits METTL3 from taking action. Remediation experiments showed that miR-33a-3p inhibits PC progression through METTL3.
Conclusions: this research reveals that miR-33a-3p inhibits m6A-induced stabilization of AREG by targeting METTL3, which plays a key role in the aggressive progression of PC. AREG could be a potential target for PC treatment.
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for population genetics of the cocoa pod borer Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae)
Authors:   Marynold Purificacion1, Shah Roslina Binti Mohd , De Meeûs Thierry , Bakar Saripah Binti , Savantil Anisah Bintil , Yusof Meriam Mohd , Amalin Divina , Nguyen Hien , Sulistyowati Endang , Budiman Aris , Ekayanti Arni , Niogret Jerome , Ravel Sophie , Vreysen Marc J.B. , Abdalla Adly
Published: March 2023

The cocoa pod borer (CPB)Conopomorpha cramerella(Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillaridae) is one of the major constraints for cocoa production in South East Asia. In addition to cultural and chemical control methods, autocidal control tactics such as the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) could be a efficient addition to the currently applied control tools for CPB. The SIT is species-specific, and its successful implementation will mainly depend on adequate competitiveness of the sterile males released in the target area. In addition the technique requires an area-wide integrated pest management approach, that would target an entire pest population. Population genetic studies have in the last decades been used to provide information on gene flow between neighbouring insect populations. However, genetic markers would be required for such studies and these were not available for CPB. The aim of the present work was to search for suitable microsatellite loci in the genome of CPB that is partially sequenced. A total of 28,730 primer pairs were found and 192 pairs were selected based on the amplicon size (180-300 nt) and the motif repeats (≥11). They were synthesized and tested against the DNA ofC. cramerella. Twelve microsatellites fulfilled all parameters and these were used to analyze moths collected from Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines These loci were also tested against a closely related species, i.e. the lychee fruit borerConopomorpha sinensis(LFB) from Vietnam. Genetic divergence proved substantial and one diagnostic locus could be characterized. This allowed excluding one CPB individual from Vietnam. A quality control verification process was carried out for both species and 7 microsatellites seemed to be suitable for CPB populations and 11 loci for LFB. The availability of these novel microsatellite loci will provide useful tools for the analysis of the population genetics of CPB, to understand its dynamics and ecology and to assess the level of gene flow between neighbouring populations that would be targeted with an area-wide integrated pest management approach with an SIT component.
A novel rule-based intrusion detection framework for secure Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Devi Manu , Nandal Priyanka , Sehrawat Harkesh
Published: March 2023

In order to safeguard “Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs),” this research suggests a new rule-based intrusion detection architecture that includes a number of security techniques. The framework employs a set of rules generated by the Random Forest algorithm, which outperforms other machine learning algorithms in terms of detection accuracy, false positive rate, and overhead. The generated rules are based on features extracted from WSNs data, including packet size, energy consumption, and hop count. The framework’s performance is evaluated using a set of metrics, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying numerous attack kinds. Combining rule-based systems and machine learning approaches in this proposed framework can improve the accuracy and efficiency of intrusion detection mechanisms for secure WSNs. The proposed framework can be a valuable addition to the existing intrusion detection mechanisms for secure WSNs.
An Efficient Hybrid Fuzzy Image Encryption Models for the Secured Cloud Accessing in Portable Robotics Devices
Authors: Reddy K Subba , Prasad K. Rajendra , Reddy K. Nageswara , Anjaiah P.
Published: March 2023

Secure sharing of image data through different communication channels is a challenging research issue in digital networks. In such cases, cryptography algorithms are widely used to encrypt and decrypt the information reliably at both ends of source and target destinations. Various state-of-the-art image encryption algorithms are surveyed and investigated to assess the best image encryption. In this paper, image encryption is described with various fuzzy operation modes. It ensures secure image transmission over to the digital channels. Most reliable image encryption is the aim of the work, and it is achieved through developing a hybrid fuzzy based framework that composites the techniques of image encryption methods and fuzzy operation modes. Proposed hybrid fuzzy based models are highly recommended to maintain secure information on portable robotics devices, communication channels, and routing devices. These hybrid encrypted models provide the users' privacy to access the image data with reliable security mechanisms.
Network analysis of suicide ideation and depressive-anxiety symptoms among adolescents
Authors: Xu Shuyin , Ju Yumeng , Wei Xiyu , Ou Wenwen , Ma Mohan , Lv Guanyi , Zhao Xiaotian , Qin Yaqi , Li Yunjing , Li Liang , Huang Mei , Yang Siqi , Lu Yimei , Chen Yafei , Liu Junwu , Liu Jin , Liu Bangshan , Zhang Yan
Published: March 2023

Background: The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety in adolescents is common and associated with suicide ideation. This study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and comorbidity of depression and anxiety.
Methods: R was used for network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms from 716 adolescents (PHQ-9 ≥ 5 and GAD-7 ≥ 5). Participants were grouped into the suicide ideation group and the non-suicide ideation group. Network differences were compared between these two groups.
Results: “Restlessness”, “Sad mood”, and “Trouble relaxing” were the most prominent central symptoms in this depressive-anxiety symptom network. “Restlessness”, “Nervousness”, and “Motor” were the bridge symptoms in this network. “Sad Mood” directly related to “Suicide Ideation” and explained the highest variance. The network structure was significantly different in network properties between adolescents who had suicide ideation and those who did not. “Restlessness” was the most central symptom in adolescents with suicide ideation. “Sad Mood” was the central and bridge symptom in adolescents with suicide ideation.
Conclusion: “Restlessness” and “Sad Mood” might be interesting avenues for reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with suicide ideation.
Trial registration: The study received ethical approval from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University on March 31, 2022.The number of Institutional Review Boards approval was 004.
Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics in vegetable crop residues with contrasting biochemical composition
Authors: Peterson Michelle , Curtin Denis , Fraser Patricia , Qiu Weiwen
Published: March 2023

Aim To improve nitrogen (N) use efficiency in vegetable-growing systems, the characteristics of N-release from vegetable crop residues needs to be better understood. This study aimed to quantify the decomposition rate and the contribution of decomposition to mineral N supply from residues of commonly grown vegetable crops. Methods The rate of decomposition and N release from nine vegetable residues was quantified in a laboratory incubation with barley straw included for comparison. Dried and ground residue material was incorporated into soil at a rate of 1% w/w and incubated at 90% of field capacity for 118 days at 15°C. CO2production and soil mineral N concentrations were determined periodically during the incubation. Results Decomposition of the vegetable residues was rapid, with 29–46% of residue-C respired as CO2in the first week of incubation (vs 10% of barley straw C). The decomposition data fitted an exponential decay model with evidence of fast and slow pools of decomposable-C in all residues. The effect of residue addition to soil ranged from N immobilisation to net N mineralisation over the course of the incubation with the proportion of N released or immobilised linearly related to residue total N. Conclusions With residue total N and residue-soil contact time as input variables, a simple model provided good predictions of N release from vegetable crop residues under controlled conditions in the laboratory. It is important however, that our predicted residue N release rates be validated under field conditions before being used to guide N use decisions.
Complexity of (arc)-connectivity problems involving arc-reversals or deorientations
Authors: Bang-Jensen Jørgen , Hörsch Florian , Kriesell Matthias
Published: March 2023

By a well known theorem of Robbins, a graph G has a strongly connected orientation if and only if G is 2-edge-connected and it is easy to find, in linear time, either a cut edge of G or a strong orientation of G. A result of Durand de Gevigny shows that for every k ≥ 3 it is NP-hard to decide if a given graph G has a k-strong orientation. Thomassen showed that one can check in polynomial time whether a given graph has a 2-strong orientation. This implies that for a given digraph D we can determine in polynomial time whether we can reorient (=reverse) some arcs of D = (V,A) to obtain a 2-strong digraph D' = (V,A'). This naturally leads to the question of determining the minimum number of such arcs to reverse before the resulting graph is 2-strong. In this paper we show that finding this number is NP-hard. If a 2-connected graph G has no 2-strong orientation, we may ask how many of its edges we may orient so that the resulting mixed graph is still 2-strong. Similarly, we may ask for a 2-edge-connected graph G how many of its edges we can orient such that the resulting mixed graph remains 2-arc-strong. We prove that when restricted to graphs satisfying suitable connectivity conditions, both of these problems are equivalent to finding the minimum number of edges we must double in a 2-edge-connected graph in order to obtain a 4-edge-connected graph. Using this, we show that all these three problems are NP-hard. Finally, we consider the operation of deorienting an arc uv of a digraph D meaning replacing it by an undirected edge between the same vertices. In terms of connectivity properties, this is equivalent to adding the opposite arc vu to D. We prove that for every ℓ ≥ 3 it is NP-hard to find the minimum number of arcs to deorient in a digraph D in order to obtain an ℓ-strong digraph D'.
Oblique stagnation point flow of magnetized Maxwell fluid over a stretchable Riga plate with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and convective conditions
Authors: Naveed Mirza , Salamat Nadeem , Akhtar Salman , Nadeem Sohail
Published: March 2023

The main intension of the current work is to scrutinize the oblique stagnation point flow phenomenon of a rate-type non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid with the involvement of the Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory. The modified form of Fourier’s and Fick’s laws is utilized to illustrate the Cattaneo-Christov theory. The steady magnetized flow mechanism is observed in two dimensions through a stretchable convective Riga plate. In the heat and mass transfer analysis, the consequences of chemical reactions and thermal radiation are also incorporated. With the contribution of relevant dimensionless quantities, the setup of dimensionless equations is acquired which further takes the form of nonlinear equations. The physical significance of the numerous parameters on different features of the flow phenomenon is graphically exhibited. The physical quantities of interest are computed and numerically evaluated subject to the pertinent parameters. The current analysis exhibit that the Deborah number minimizes the flow field of both tangential and axial velocities. The thermal relaxation time parameter lowers the heat transfer rate, and the thermal Biot number enhances the rate of heat transport.
Evaluation of the Quantity of Extruded Debris through the Apical Foramen Using Optimum Glide Path Motion: An ex vivo study
Authors: Büker Mine , Ali Afzal , Kaya Şükriye Türkoğlu , Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2023

Objectives: The study was evaluated apically extruded debris from teeth that were instrumented with full-sequenced files using a new kinematic technique (optimum glide path motion).
Materials and Methods: The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 18) based on the kinematics of rotation motion (RM), 90° optimum glide path (OGP) motion, 90° clockwise (CW)–90° counterclockwise (CCW) motion, and 90° CW–120° CCW motion. Pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes were used to collect debris. The weight of the dry extruded debris was calculated by deducting the initial tube weight from the end weight. The Kruskal–Wallis test and the least significant difference for pairwise comparisons test were used to statistically assess the data (P < 0.05).
Results: In comparison to the RM, the 90° OGP motion extruded the least quantity of debris, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusions:The findings suggest that a 90° OGP motion delivers the best results regarding extruded debris through the apical foramen.
Clinical Relevance: Within the limitations of the study, Optimum glide path (OGP) motion resulted in less debris extrusion compared to the rotation motion. Clinical application of full-sequenced rotary systems in OGP motion may be reliable and beneficial.
Colostrum Feeding and Associated Factors Among Mothers Attending Child Immunization Clinic at Public Healthcare Facilities in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Gemeda Natnael Dechasa , Muse Yomilan Geneti , Yilma Samson Mesfin , Getie Simegnew Asmer , Alemnew Fentahun , Aweke Amlaku Mulat , Nega Ayenew Tega , Sasiga Teshale Mengesha , Mesfin Firehiwot , Balcha Wondu Feyisa , Hailu Mickiale , Worku Nigus Kassie , Wondie Kindu Yinges , Gera Melaku Laikemariam , Kebede Shambel Abate , Mengesha Tadele
Published: March 2023

Introduction Colostrum is yellow to orange colored milk produced during a first few days of lactation and it is rich in nutrients and antibodies that have great role in health of the new born baby. Despite the world health organization recommends that every new born baby has to feed breast milk with colostrum within one hour of delivery; poor colostrum feeding practice is still a common problem in Ethiopia. Objectives The goal of this study was to assess the practice of colostrum feeding and related factors among women attending a child immunization clinic in governmental health facilities in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia, in 2022. Method From February 1–30, 2022, in government health facilities in Dire Dawa city, 292 women with infants less than or equal to 12 months participated in this an institution-based cross-sectional study. Data were gathered by a method of systematic random sampling, and SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. The crude and adjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were calculated using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. A variable was deemed statistically significant if its P value was less than 0.05. Result 68.8% [95% CI: 63.4–74.3] of the moms in our study had good colostrum feeding habits. Living in an urban area [AOR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.08–5.88], having at least a secondary education [AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.12–6.98], having visited an antenatal clinic in the past [AOR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.12–9.21], receiving counseling on when to start breastfeeding [AOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.02–6.59], receiving colostrum feeding counseling [AOR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.12–6.30], having a professional attend the birth [AOR = 3.20, 95% CI = 1.23–8.31], getting information from a professional [AOR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.54–9.82], and having good knowledge of colostrum feeding [AOR = 3.53, 95% CI = 1.56–7.96] were found to be associated with practice of colostrum feeding. Conclusion This study found that women who visit immunization clinics had a low degree of good colostrum feeding practice. Living in an urban area, being educated, having a history of antenatal visits, receiving counseling on when to start breastfeeding, having a professional attend the birth, getting information from a professional, and having a good understanding of colostrum feeding were all linked to the practice of colostrum feeding. To promote mothers' good colostrum feeding habits, prenatal care visits and breastfeeding education should be encouraged.
An artificial neural network for predicting the ultimate bending moments in reinforced concrete beams with fiber-reinforced polymer strengthening
Authors: Hoang Trung Tran Le , Masuya Hiroshi , Kurihashi Yusuke , Minh Tan Trinh
Published: March 2023

A practical artificial neural network tool is proposed for predicting the ultimate bending moments of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by the techniques of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer and near-surface mounted fiber-reinforced polymer. Accordingly, the testing database of 131 specimens was gathered for use in developing the artificial neural network model. In this regard, the breadth and height of the beam section, the compression strength of the concrete, the ratio of material reinforcement, and the elastic modulus of fiber reinforced polymer were regarded as input variables, whereas the ultimate bending moment was regarded as an output variable. The performance of the proposed artificial neural network model was compared to the current design model of the American Concrete Institute guide. The comparative analysis demonstrated that the proposed model made more accurate predictions than the current model. Based on the proposed model, a graphical user interface was created to facilitate the prediction of the ultimate bending moments of reinforced concrete beams with fiber-reinforced polymer strengthening.
Efficacy of tranexamic acid supplemented with local infiltration analgesia in reducing blood loss in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.
Authors: Wiktor Łukasz , Damps Maria , Osadnik Bartłomiej
Published: March 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of tranexamic acid supplemented with local infiltration analgesia in reducing blood loss in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 176 individuals with a mean age of 64.27 (standard deviation [SD], 7.16) years undergoing unicompartmental cemented knee arthroplasty. The patients were divided into three groups according to patient blood management: I, patients without additional bleeding protocol (control group); II, patients intravenously administered tranexamic acid (TXA) (TXA group); and III, patients with exact TXA protocol combined with intraoperative local infiltration analgesia (LIA) (TXA + LIA group). Blood loss was measured as a substitute for blood loss by the maximal haemoglobin (Hb) drop compared with the preoperative Hb level.
Results: The mean Hb drops for the control, TXA, and TXA + LIA groups were 2.24 (16.0%), 2.14 (15.4%), and 1.81 (12.6%) g/dl, respectively. The mean hospitalisation days for patients in the control, TXA, and TXA + LIA groups were 5.91 (SD, 1.24), 5.16 (SD, 0.95), and 4.51 (SD, 0.71) days, respectively.
Conclusions: The combination of TXA with LIA reduces perioperative blood loss for patients after UKA.
Customizable Mapping of Virtualized Network Services in Multi-datacenter Environments Based on Genetic Metaheuristics
Authors: Fulber-Garcia Vinicius , Luizelli Marcelo , Santos Carlos Paula dos , Spinosa Eduardo , Duarte Elias
Published: March 2023

One of the major challenges of the Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) paradigm is to properly deploy functions and services across the network. In particular, current solutions for multi-domain service mapping present several restrictions in terms of the choice of optimization models and metrics. This lack of flexibility ultimately leads to sub-optimized mappings that do not meet the (often conflicting) requirements of all the parties involved in the deployment process (e.g., network operators, clients, providers). This work proposes GeSeMa (Genetic Service Mapping), a new intelligent mapping solution based on genetic algorithms. GeSeMa enables flexible configuration of the evaluation setup, which is used to generate candidate mappings. The solution allows the specification of arbitrary optimization metrics, constraints, and different evaluation policies. A genetic algorithm processes mapping requests and iteratively creates/evolves candidate mappings. We evaluate GeSeMa through comprehensive case studies, including a comparison with other classic and state-of-the-art alternatives.