bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF A DIODE LASER USED AS AN ADJUNCT IRRIGANT ON CLINICAL ISOLATE OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS BIOFILM (IN VITRO)
Authors: Sandini Ayu , Meidyawati Ratna , . Kamizar , Npa Dewa Ayu
Published: January 2018

Objective: The elimination of bacteria from the root canal has always been a problem in root canal management, and Enterococcus faecalis often found in the persistent intraradicular infections that occur after poor or unsuccessful endodontic treatments. The use of an irrigant with a diode laser adjunct eliminates this bacteria. To analyze and compare the effectiveness of a diode laser, chlorhexidine 2%, and natrium hypochlorite 2.5% on a clinical isolate of E. faecalis biofilms.Methods: Using E. faecalis biofilms from clinical isolate were grown on microtiter well plate, incubated for 24 h and subjected to the following treatments: Natrium hypochlorite 2.5% (5 s), chlorhexidine 2% (5 s), natrium chloride 0.9% (5 s), and the irrigants with additional diode laser irradiation (980 nm, 15 Hz, 1.5 W, 3.5 J, 5 s). The antibacterial effects of the irrigants and diode laser were scored using colony form units (CFU).Results: The clinical isolate colony of E. faecalis that was exposed to a saline solution and diode laser application had the highest score (18700 CFU/ml), while the lowest score (80,00 CFU/ml) was recorded in the group that was exposed to a chlorhexidine 2% irrigant with additional diode laser application.Conclusion: The diode laser had an antibacterial effect on a clinical isolate of E. faecalis biofilm, and this effect was increased when it was used in addition to the application of chlorhexidine 2% and natrium hypochlorite 2.5% irrigants.
EVALUATION OF REGENERATIVE THERAPY USING CELL SHEET THROUGH CEMENTUM PROTEIN-1 EXPRESSION ON MACACA NEMESTRINA
Authors: Astuty Syanti Wahyu , Sunarto Hari , Amir Lisa , Idrus Erik
Published: January 2018

Objective: The main objective of periodontal therapy is tissue regeneration. Previous studies have identified the potential of mesenchymal stem cells to improve major periodontal defect reconstruction in bone tissue engineering. Cell sheet technology (CST), in which a cell culture is obtained from a material coated with a temperature-sensitive substrate, has been developed for the reconstruction of various tissues, including periodontal tissue. Cementum protein-1 (CEMP-1) is a 50-kDa protein that plays a crucial role in cementogenesis by enhancing the combining of cells formed by cell cementoblast. Evaluate periodontal tissue regeneration with CST, and the application of chitosan, chitosan cell sheet or arginineglycineaspartic acid (RGD)-modified chitosan cell sheet on Macaca nemestrina one-wall defect model.Methods: The CEMP-1 was analyzed expression in a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel electrophoresis assay.Results: CEMP-1 expression in gingival crevicular fluid was observed using the SDS-PAGE method every week for 3 weeks. Protein band expressions on SDS-PAGE gel were identified at around 50 kDa with different thicknesses between groups. The chitosan, chitosan cell sheet, and RGD-modified chitosan cell sheet groups showed protein bands of CEMP-1 between 50 and 70 kDa at weeks 1, 2, and 3; weeks 2 and 3; and weeks 1 and 2, respectively.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the application of chitosan and RGD-modified chitosan cell sheets could enhance bone regeneration, as evidenced by CEMP-1 protein expression levels.
ENAMEL SURFACE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN WHITE SPOT LESIONS AFTER ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT USING A MICROABRASION TECHNIQUE WITH FLUORIDE OR CALCIUM PHOSPHOPEPTIDE-AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE APPLICATION
Authors: Safitri Novira Mutia , Anggani Haru Setyo , Purwanegara Miesje Karmiati , Sumardi Sariesendy
Published: January 2018

Objectives: White spot lesions after fixed orthodontic treatment will increase bacterial plaque formation due to increased enamel surface roughness. The aim of this study was to analyze the surface roughness of white spot lesions on enamel after a microabrasion technique, a microabrasion technique combined with calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application, and a microabrasion technique combined with fluoride application.Methods: Artificially induced white spot lesions on the enamel surfaces of 42 maxillary first premolars were randomly assigned into one of three treatment groups (n=14): (a) A microabrasion technique, (b) a microabrasion technique combined with CPP-ACP application, and (c) a microabrasion technique combined with fluoride application. A Mitutoyo SJ-301 surface roughness tester was used to measure differences in surface roughness before and after treatment, and the after treatment measurements were compared among the three groups.Results: A significant difference in surface roughness was noted for the white spot lesions on enamel before and after treatment in all groups (p<0.05). A significant difference was also found when comparing the after treatment surface roughness in all groups.Conclusion: The combination of the microabrasion technique with CPP-ACP application significantly reduced enamel surface roughness when compared to microabrasion alone or the combination of microabrasion and fluoride application.
SALIVARY ALPHA AMYLASE LEVELS DURING PRIMARY TOOTH EXTRACTION IN CHILDREN AGED 6–11 YEARS
Authors: Yumasdhika Faraghea , Suharsini Margaretha , Indiarti Ike Siti , Anggraeni Hastin Dian
Published: January 2018

Objective: Patients generally experience some level of anxiety during dental treatments. Salivary alpha amylase (SAA) can be used as a biomarker for anxiety. This study aimed to compare SAA levels between children who had never and had undergone tooth extraction procedures with a local anesthetic injection.Methods: Thirty-seven participants aged 6–11 years who were to undergo the extraction of primary teeth at the Dental and Oral Educational Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, were enrolled. The subjects were divided into two groups: One group consists of 20 children who had never undergone a tooth extraction, and the other group consists of 17 children who had undergone tooth extraction. From all children, one saliva sample was collected using a portable saliva strip 10 min before (t0), shortly after (t1), and 10 min after (t2) local anesthetic injection, and the SAA activity was determined using a portable Nipro Cocoro Meter device. The SAA levels of both groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: There were significant differences in SAA levels at t0 (p=0.001), t1 (p=0.018), and t2 (p=0.021) in both groups. Anxiety is a combination of behavioral and physiological reactions. SAA release is regulated by autonomic innervation, and the SAA level increases owing to acute stress.Conclusion: Dentists should note patients’ negative dental experiences to provide more effective and less traumatic treatment.
PREPARATION, RELEASE, RHEOLOGY AND STABILITY OF PIROXICAM EMULGEL
Authors: Salih Zainab T. , Gawhari Fatima Al_ , Rajab Nawal A.
Published: January 2018

Objective: The purpose of this work was to develop and optimize the emulgel formulation of piroxicam with two types of gelling agent chitosan and xanthan gum. The release profiles of prepared formulas were investigated. In addition, the rheology and stability of the best formula were investigated.Methods: Emulsified piroxicam was prepared to use oleic acid, tween 80 and PG with a ratio (3:10:10). In xanthan based emulgel, the xanthan gum (1% and 1.5%) was spread as powder on emulsified piroxicam with stirring until emulgel was formed. In chitosan-based emgels, Chitosan gel was added to emulsified piroxicam and stirring until the Emulgel was constructed. Chitosan gels were prepared by incorporating different concentration, 2%, 3%, 6% w/v of chitosan in 1% v/v of glacial acetic acid in distilled water. In vitro release of piroxicam from different formulas was conducted in 300 ml phosphate buffer pH 7.4, at a speed of 120 rpm at 37±2°C. The amount of the drug released from the bases was determined spectrophotometrically at 504 nm. Viscometer Myr. Vr 3000 was used to measure the viscosity of the prepared formulas. The prepared formulas were stored in well-stoppered polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic containers in the dark for 6 mo at room temperature. They were checked for drug content, viscosity, and pH change bimonthly throughout the period.Results: The results showed that the dissolution increases significantly with increasing the concentration of xanthan. Chitosan has significant synergized the enhancements of xanthan gum in the release. Rheological behaviour of the selected formula containing chitosan (2%) and xanthan gum (1.5) had shear thinning in nature showing a decrease in viscosity at the increasing shear rates. The selected formula was stable 6 mo at 40˚C/75% RH and 4˚C. The formula found was yellow viscous creamy preparation with the smooth homogenous appearance. The pH and the drug release was also found to be stable under storage conditions.Conclusion: Piroxicam release can be improved by preparing emulgel which stable and have good rheologic properties.
SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LAMIVUDINE, ABACAVIR AND DOLUTEGRAVIR BY UPLC METHOD
Authors: Dubey Somshankar , Duggirala Mahesh
Published: January 2018

Objective: To develop a simple, rapid, sensitive and effective reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-UPLC) for simultaneous quantification of lamivudine, abacavir and dolutegravir in pure and tablet dosage forms.Methods: Chromatographic separation was performed by using Waters-ACQUITY UPLC system equipped with auto sampler, photodiode array (PDA) detector, zodiac sil RP C18 (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 3.0 µm) column, phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) and methanol in the ratio of 30:70 %v/v have been delivered at a flow rate of 0.25 ml/min and the detection was carried out using a Ultraviolet (UV) detector at a wavelength of 260 nm at ambient column temperature. The mobile phase was used as diluent.Results: The retention time (Rt) for lamivudine, abacavir and dolutegravir were 1.763, 2.247 and 3.175 min respectively. A good linear response was obtained in the range of 15-75 µg/ml, 30-150 µg/ml and 2.5-12.5 µg/ml, respectively. The Limit of Detection (LOD) values were found to be 0.021, 0.330 and 0.038 µg/ml, respectively and the Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) values were 0.056, 1.320 and 0.095 µg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: It was concluded that the developed RP-UPLC method was effective, suitable and conducive for analyzing lamivudine, abacavir and dolutegravir in pharmaceutical formulations. The method was quantitatively evaluated in terms of precision, linearity, accuracy (recovery), selectivity and robustness in accordance with standard guidelines.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF IVABRADINE USING 32 FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: Kothiya Olvishkumar M. , Patel Bhavana A. , Patel Kunal N. , Patel Madhubhai M.
Published: January 2018

Objective: Ivabradine (IB) is anti-Ischemic drug and used for the symptomatic management of stable angina pectoris. IB acts by reducing the heart rate in a mechanism different from beta blockers and calcium channel blockers, two commonly prescribed anti-anginal drugs. IB has a short biological half-life and the dose of 5/7.5 mg twice a day. In this present study, an attempt has been made to prepare sustained release tablet of IB to achieve the desired drug release.Methods: The sustained release polymers, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K100M (HPMC K100M), guar gum (GG) and xanthan gum (XG) were taken for the preliminary trail from which guar gum and xanthan gum had shown better drug release. Initially, drug-excipients compatibility studies were carried out by using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) which showed no interaction between drug and excipients. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation technique and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression parameters.Results: 32 full factorial design was applied to achieve controlled drug release up to 24 h. The concentration of GG (X1) and XG (X2) were selected as independent variables and the % CDR at 2 h. (Y1) and 18 h. (Y2) were taken as dependent variables. In vitro drug release study revealed that as the amount of polymers increased, % CDR decreased.Conclusion: Contour as well as response surface plots were constructed to show the effect of X1 and X2 on % CDR and predicted at the concentration of independent variables X1 (10 mg) and X2 (10 mg) for a maximized response. The optimized batch (O1) was kept for stability study at 40±2 °C/75±5 %RH for a period of 6mo according to ICH guidelines and found to be stable.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SELECTED POLYMERS AND PLASTICIZER ON TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: Sethi Bhawana , Mazumder Rupa
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present work was aimed at preparation of transdermal patches by a solvent casting method using a varying concentration of polymers i.e. methocel (K15 and K100), ethocel (4 and 10), gelatin, chitosan, eudragit (RL and RS) grade using plasticizer (glycerin and propylene glycol).Methods: The ratio of drug to polymers and plasticizer was varied and the effect of formulation variables was studied. Prepared transdermal patches were evaluated for physicochemical properties, in-vitro permeation studies, content uniformity, primary skin irritation studies and FT-IR studies.Results: The formulated transdermal patch by using Methocel K 100 M showed good physical properties. The average weight of patches prepared using glycerin as a plasticizer were ranged from 42.33-67.00 mg and propylene glycol as a plasticizer were ranged from 40.67-67.67 mg. The percentage moisture absorption varies from 1.76 to 10.73 for patches formulated using glycerin and 2.28 to 7.97 for propylene glycol patches. The percentage moisture loss from patches prepared using glycerin was ranged from 2.75 to 11.54 and 2.87 to 12.02 from propylene glycol. The water vapour transmission rate from patches prepared using glycerin was ranged from 0.25 to 0.92 and 0.41 to 1.76. The formulated patch showed the acceptable quantity of medicament ranged from (100.20-101.05%). This result met the test content uniformity as per BP (85% to 115%). According to that, the drug was consistent throughout the patches. The formulation PGD is considered as the best formulation, since it shows a maximum in vitro drug release as 43.75 % at 24 h. The drug release kinetics studied showed that the majority of formulations was following zero order.Conclusion: In conclusion, controlled release transdermal drug delivery system patches of aliskiren can be prepared using polymer combinations, with a different plasticizer. The release rate of drug depends upon the polymer. However, release kinetics followed zero order.
STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE CITRATE, GUAIPHENESIN AND CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE
Authors: Bhavani Podili , Mohan Seelam , Rao Kammela Prasada
Published: January 2018

Objective: The present work describes the development and subsequent validation of a simple, precise and stability–indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of diethylcarbamazine citrate, guaiphenesin and chlorpheniramine maleate in tablet dosage forms.Methods: A simple, accurate, precise and robust RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of diethylcarbamazine citrate, guaiphenesin and chlorpheniramine maleate. The chromatographic separation of all the three active components was achieved by using luna phenyl-hexyl column (250 mmx4.6 mm, dp=5 µm) with a mobile phase consisting of isocratic method with 0.1% triethylamine as buffer along with orthophosphoric acid adjusted to PH 2.5: acetonitrile (50:50v/v) at a flow rate 1.0 ml/min and ultraviolet detection at 210 nm.Results: The retention time of chlorpheniramine maleate, guaiphenesin and diethylcarbamazine citrate were 2.86, 4.89 and 7.76 min respectively. Validation of the proposed method was carried out according to an international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The established method was linear in the range of 1-15, 0.6-9, 0.02-0.3 µg/ml and correlation coefficient was 0.999, 0.9991, and 0.993 for diethylcarbamazine citrate, guaiphenesin and chlorpheniramine maleate respectively.Conclusion: The proposed method can be used for the quantitative analysis of diethylcarbamazine citrate, guaiphenesin and chlorpheniramine maleate.
A NOVEL APPROACH OF LOCUST BEAN GUM MICROSPHERES FOR COLONIC DELIVERY OF MESALAMINE
Authors: Sirisha V. N.l. , Eswariah M. Chinna , Rao A. Sambasiva
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate site-specific drug delivery of mesalamine using Locust bean gum.Methods: The core microspheres were prepared by ionic gelation method using CaCl2 solution and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and were further coated with pH-sensitive polymer eudragit S-100(1.5-4.5 ml) to retard the drug release in the upper gastrointestinal environment (Stomach and small intestine). Microspheres were characterized by ftir spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release studies in different simulated gastric fluids. Stability studies were carried out for one month at 40±2 °C/75±5% RH.Results: The SEM images revealed the surface morphology was rough and smooth for core and coated microspheres, respectively. The optimized batch (ILBG6) of core microspheres(for 7hr), coated microspheres and coated microspheres in presence of rat caecal contents (8%w/v) for 24hr exhibited 98.44±2.48, 73.58±3.49 % and 98.28±4.42 drug release, respectively. The drug release from all locust bean gum microsphere formulations followed higuchi kinetics. Moreover, drug release from Eudragit S-100 coated microspheres followed the korsmeyer-peppas equation with an fickian kinetics mechanism. Finally, stability studies suggested the change in entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release of microspheres was minimal, indicating good stability of the formulation.Conclusion: The microspheres formed using natural polysaccharide locust beangum by ionic gelation method are capable of colon targeting the anti-inflammatory drug, mesalamine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ENALAPRIL MALEATE IN PRESENT OF THEIR IMPURITIES: APPLICATION TO TABLET ANALYSIS
Authors: Logoyda Liliya , Abdel-megied Ahmed M. , Kondratova Yuliya , Trofimenko Olena , Korobko Dmytro , Dakhym Iryna
Published: January 2018

Objective: A simple, rapid, economical, and highly sensitive stability-indicating HPLC method was developed and fully validated for determination of enalapril maleate in presence of its related substances namely enalaprilat dihydrate and diketopiperazine.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on Grace Platinumр C8 EPS column (4.6 mm i.d. X 250 mm, 5 μm) at room temperature. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: 20 mmol phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 2.2 (25:75 v/v) isocratically pumped at a flow rate 2 ml/min and UV-detection was monitored at 215 nm.Results: The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines with total run time less than 9 min. The correlation coefficient (r2) was noted as 0.99981 which states that the method was good linear to the concentration versus peak area responses. The developed method found to be high sensitivity with LOD and LOQ of 0.021 and 0.062 %; respectively. The developed, validated method was successfully applied for the determination of enalapril maleate in presence of their impurities in tablet dosage form.Conclusion: A rapid, economical, simple and sensitive HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of enalapril maleate in tablet dosage form in presence of their impurities. The developed method can help research studies, quality control and routine analysis with lesser resources available. Therefore, the proposed validated method is fast and reliable and can be used for routine quantitative analysis as well as quality control of enalapril maleate in pharmaceutical formulation.
Radovan Zogovic - poet of “detiant verse”
Authors: Mrkalj Zona
Published: January 2018

Radovan Zogovic, as one of the most important poets and literary critics, who
appeared on our literary scene in the period between the two world wars, with
his creativity and attitudes caused the multitude of conflicting opinions
with both the audience and the critics. With this work, and on the occasion
of the 110th anniversary of Zogovic?s birth, we remember him primarily as a
poet of ?defiant verse?, which he created from his young days to old age.
This irreconcilable, exclusive and sharp polemic remained faithful to his
attitudes and in the times when the public accepted him, as well as when he
was not politically fit. Although in his poetry there are no verses that are
recited in school, Radovan Zogovic is a name for remembering in Serbian
literature.
The abbreviated Latin version of Nikodim’s Gospel according to the Serbian written copy dating from the 16th-17th century
Authors: Jovanovic Tomislav
Published: January 2018

The paper deals with the abbreviated Latin version of Nikodim?s Gospel, which
is kept in the Serbian manuscripts section of the National Library in Vienna,
dating from the 16th-17th century, bearing the signature Slave 76. This
segment of the Gospel is a separate second part of the whole version in
Latin, wherein Christ?s descent into Hades is described. This is also the
main difference between the Greek and the Latin version of this apocryph. As
such, this copy represents a separate phenomenon among Slavic copies. The
addendum contains the edited text of the abbreviated variant, compared to the
corresponding part of the full version.
Football as a tool to understand the struggle for hegemony: Approximations between the historical-critical pedagogy and the critical surpassing conception in a Physical Education class experience
Authors: Graeff Billy
Published: January 2018

This paper describes a discussion about a pedagogical task regarding the content football to be carried out in Physical Education classes. Besides, this pedagogical experience questions the way the society has been organized and how such organization has been reproduced. The theoretical framework is based on the historical-critical pedagogy and on the critical-surpassing conception in Physical Education. An idea for a lesson plan is proposed for the task under investigation; reflections on practical experiences which were previously carried out are also presented. Conclusions lead to the understanding of tasks which question hegemonic ideas as being potentially liberating, individually and collectively.
Revisión de las pruebas de evaluación de la condición física en Educación Secundaria
Authors: González-Rico Raúl , Ramírez-Lechuga Jorge
Published: January 2018

Distintos estudios sugieren que el nivel de la condición física de los adolescentes españoles es más bajo que el de los adolescentes de otros países desarrollados. En esta tesitura, el objetivo del presente estudio es realizar una revisión bibliográfica de las pruebas físicas utilizadas para evaluar la condición física en Educación Secundaria con el fin de seleccionar una batería de pruebas que permita valorar las capacidades físicas de los adolescentes en el ámbito educativo de forma sencilla, fiable y en un corto periodo de tiempo (en dos días de clase). Sólo a partir de una correcta evaluación será posible desarrollar programas adecuados al nivel de los adolescentes, valorar de forma objetiva el efecto de tales programas y llevar a cabo estudios longitudinales y comparativos de la condición física de los estudiantes de educación secundaria.
Prêmios e oferendas votivas de bronze nas competições esportivas da Antiguidade Clássica
Authors: Fleming Maria Isabel A.
Published: January 2018

Vários são os símbolos associados ao atleta vencedor das competições esportivas da Antiguidade Clássica: a coroa de folhas de oliveira ou de louro, a palma e uma simples fita de lã vermelha que cingia a cabeça daquele que era aclamado como verdadeiro herói, quando os arautos proclamavam seu nome, o de seu pai e o da cidade onde nascera. Era uma atribuição da cidade natal do atleta garantir-lhe uma glória durável e dar-lhe o direito de colocar uma estátua num santuário. O sucesso obtido era um favor dos deuses que, em reconhecimento, recebiam oferendas. Entre esses ex-votos, destacam-se os prêmios recebidos nas competições, como tripés de bronze. Uma outra categoria confeccionada após os jogos são as estatuetas ou estátuas alusivas às provas vencidas, algumas encomendadas aos grandes escultores da época. As fontes literárias mencionam esculturas de bronze legendárias que adornavam, sobretudo, os santuários de Olímpia e Delfos. Dessas, grande parte se perdeu, chegando até nós apenas cópias romanas de mármore, em sua maioria, testemunhos que a Arqueologia recuperou.
A areté heróica e a Guerra de Tróia: o melhor dos aqueus (Aquiles, Ájax e Odisseu)
Authors: Pires Francisco Murari
Published: January 2018

Este artigo propõe uma reconsideração da (in)justiça concernente à atribuição das armas de Aquiles a Odisseu como o melhor dos aqueus, através da apreciação do conceito homerico de areté.
Hiérocles, o adivinho: uma visita do sublime ao grotesco
Authors: Damasceno Silvia
Published: January 2018

Considerando que o discurso cômico e caracterizado pela liberdade, este trabalho visa refletir sobre os meios que Aristófanes encontrou para colocar o signo linguístico livre no agón da peça, cujos caracteres são Trigeu, o protagonista cômico, e Hiérocles, o advinho. Observamos que, ainda que o adivinho parece de forma caricatural, seu discurso mantém conotações enigmáticas, mesmo quando parecem sem sentido. A repetição do discurso de Trigeu leva à dissipação dessas conotações, ressaltando que, neste ponto, o signo linguístico está livre, mas os significantes são mantidos com várias significações, considerando que os falantes são antagonistas.
El espacio del furtivus amor em el discurso amoroso de Catulo
Authors: Del Sastre Elisabeth Caballero de , Schniebs Alicia , Steinberg María Eugenia , Suárez Marcela , Mosqueda Ana Maria
Published: January 2018

Este trabalho sintetiza as conclusões parciais de um estudo mais abrangente sobre "O imaginário feminino na literatura latina: fim da república e principado de Augusto", focalizado pelo grupo de pesquisa dentro do contexto institucional da Universidade de Buenos Aires (UBACYT). Partindo do corpus dos poemas II a XI de Catulo, analisa-se a inter-relação existente entre o vínculo amoroso e o espaço, com especial interesse no tipo de construção dos sujeitos homem e mulher.
Marília de Dirceu / Amaryllidos Dircaei
Authors: Bortolanza João
Published: January 2018

Amaryllidos Dircaei aliquot selecta Lyrica, subtítulo de Musa Latina (1868, 1887) de Antônio de Castro Lopes, traz, ad usum scholamm Brasiliensium, 25 Liras de Marília de Dirceu em hexâmetros (21) e dísticos elegíacos (4) latinos de boa qualidade. Pretende-se, aqui, estabelecer um paralelo entre as versões de Gonzaga e Castro Lopes: estilo mais classicizante deste, a suprimir perífrases e epitheta onzantia, tão de gosto neoclássico; gosto de ambos pelas figurae elocutionis, com destaque para processos anafóricos e hiperbáticos. Atende-se ao objetivo do Archivum Generale Poetarum Latinorum Brasiliensium de divulgar a Literatura Brasileira de Expressão Latina.
Do pós-moderno ao pós-antigo
Authors: Freitas Marcus Vinicius de
Published: January 2018

Por paralelismo com o conceito de pós-moderno seria possível pensar o conceito de pós-antigo? Este último termo é usado de maneira rápida por Mikhail Bakhtin em sua análise da obra de François Rabelais, ao reportar-se a Antiguidade tardia. Para além do recorte histórico incluso no termo, pode-se perceber uma tentativa de uso conceitual que revela uma atitude crítica em relação ao conhecimento da Antiguidade. O presente texto propõe-se justamente avançar, a partir das categorizações propostas pela pós-modernidade, o proto-conceito bakhtiniano, especialmente no que concerne às questões da originalidade, do lugar do saber teórico e dos usos da tradição.
A temporal profile of pro-abstinence-oriented constructs from the modified theory of planed behavior in a Slovenian clinical sample of treated alcoholics – an 18-year follow-up
Authors: Radovanović Mirjana , Rus-Makovec Maja
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Using the modified Theory of Planned Behaviour (mTPB), different indicators of therapeutic success were studied to understand pro-abstinence behavioural orientation during an 18-year after-care period following a 3-month intensive alcoholism treatment. The indicators were: perceived needs satisfaction (NS), normative differential (ND), perceived alcohol utility (UT), beliefs about treatment programme benefits (BE) and behavioural intentions (BI).

Methods

The sample of 167 patients who consecutively started an intensive alcoholism treatment programme has been followed-up for 18 years, using standardised ailed instruments at the end of the treatment, and in the years 4-5, 9 and 18 of follow-up. The last data collection was completed by 32 subjects in 2010. The analysis followed the standard explore-analyse-explore approach. After the initial descriptive exploration of data, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SPSS statistical package was set to explore between-groups and within-groups differences over time.

Results

At the between-group level, BI remained stable at the same level as at the end of the treatment programme, whereas BE and UT robustly changed over time and levelled off after 10 years of follow-up. NS and ND show a trend of pro-abstinent orientation and level off after 10 years of follow-up, although the trend is not significant. The same results were confirmed by the within-subject level.

Conclusions

Studied constructs stabilised after ten years of follow-up, apart from BI. The latter suggests that BI level needed for completion of an intensive treatment programme suffices for the maintenance of abstinence when accompanied by the change in perception of alcohol usefulness.
Increasing postural deformity trends and body mass index analysis in school-age children
Authors: Kapo Safet , Rađo Izet , Smajlović Nusret , Kovač Siniša , Talović Munir , Doder Ivor , Čović Nedim
Published: January 2018

Introduction

The aim of the study was to analyse the deviations of the body posture and to assess the occurrence of spine deformities. Additionally, Body Mass Index in school children was related to the trend in postural deformities for different age groups (5-8 years old, n=112; 9-11 years old, n=205; 12-14 years old, n=212) as part of the project “Spine Lab”, granted from the European Commission IPA founds, investigating the importance of public health issues.

Methods

Body posture was measured using Contemplas 3D software analyser, based on video image trajectory and BIA weight scale (Tanita BC 420). Overall, 17 variables were assessed, and differences were confirmed using MANOVA analysis.

Results

The results showed that there is a significant difference between age groups for the measured variables (F=9.27; p<0.01; η2=0.26), suggesting a moderate difference across the age span.

Conclusion

The study results showed that there is a negative trend of increasing Body Mass Index within the first and youngest age group. The fact is that the trend of increasing deformity of the shoulder belt has been noted, often inclining towards the formation of milder forms of kyphotic posture. Other forms of deformity that are accentuated in the survey results are the negative trend of increasing pelvic rotation and pelvis rotation which inclines towards the formation of lordotic posture for all three age groups.
PURWARUPA SISTEM SMART TRAFFIC LIGHT PENDUKUNG LAYANAN DARURAT BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI RFID
Authors: Pranata I Made Agung , Pramaita Nyoman , Sastra Nyoman Putra
Published: January 2018

Meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor mengakibatkan terjadinya penumpukan kendaraan terutama di persimpangan-persimpangan yang terdapat traffic light. Untuk itu perlu dibuatkan suatu sistem yang disebut Smart Traffic Light, sehingga dapat memberikan prioritas pada jalur yang dilalui oleh kendaraan-kendaraan kegawatdaruratan. Ada dua tahapan utama dalam perancangan smart traffic light ini yaitu integrasi hardware berupa integrasi RFID dengan Aruino UNO dan algoritma Smart Traffic Light sebagai dasar dalam pembuatan software. Realisasi pada hardware dilakukan dengan penggunaan RFID module Mifare RC522 dan mikrokontroller Arduino UNO. Realisasi Software menggunakan aplikasi Arduino dengan menambah library RFID dan membuat perintah sesuai dengan algoritma. Hasil integrasi hardware dan realisasi algoritma ke dalam sebuah software memperoleh hasil tingkat deteksi dan akurasi deteksi dari RFID yang sangat tinggi yakni mencapai 100%, dengan waktu respon yang baik yaitu rata-rata 0,8s.
PENERAPAN TEXT MINING DALAM SPAM FILTERING UNTUK APLIKASI CHAT
Authors: Ratniasih Ni Luh , Sudarma Made , Gunantara Nyoman
Published: January 2018

The Internet has become something important in the communication development. One communication facilities on the Internet is the Internet relay chat or known as chat. Chat applications in real time is often misused for the purpose of spreading the virus, promotions, and other interests known as spam. Spamming is the sending of unwanted messages by someone who has a chat account. This causes the chat account feel uncomfortable with the condition. Based on these problems this research create a chat application that can filter messages or spam filtering by applying text mining. Spam filtering process can be done in two phases: text pre-processing and analyzing. These two phases are carried out to calculate the weight (W) of connectedness with the word spam messages. Based on the results of tests performed on chat applications by applying text mining to perform filtering on spam messages generate the level of accuracy of 91.41%.
PENENTUAN LOKASI BTS PT. SMARTFREN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY AHP
Authors: Nurbhawa Putu Roy , Darma Putra I Ketut Gede , Gunantara Nyoman
Published: January 2018

One way to increase service coverage of telecom operators such as PT. Smartfren is by adding or building new Base Transceiver Stations (BTS). To determine where to place the new BTS, there are several criteria and sub criteria that must be considered. Incorrect choice of criteria and sub criteria or lack of data can cause the new BTS to be built in a less precise location thus the service coverage will not be optimal. Based on that consideration, a decision-making system application to determine BTS location is created using Fuzzy AHP method with VB and MySQL applications. The outcome of this application is a list of area, in several regencies, from the highest to the lowest score of BTS location based on the selected criteria and sub-criteria. It helps the user in knowing the most appropriate location for the placement of PT. Smartfren’s new BTS.

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Analisis Pengaruh Distorsi Harmonisa Pada Pemasangan Grid Tie Inverter Dengan Menggunakan Simulink MATLAB
Authors: Satya Nugraha I Dewa Gede Bayu , Partha Cok. Gede Indra , Wijaya I Wayan Arta
Published: January 2018

Dalam jaringan tenaga listrik, terdapat beberapa permasalahan kualitas daya yang sangat mempengaruhi suatu sistem tenaga listrik, salah satu adalah harmonisa. Harmonisa adalah gejala pembentukan gelombang-gelombang sinus dengan frekuensi kelipatan dari frekuensi fundamental. Gelombang harmonisa akan menumpang pada gelombang sinus murni, sehingga akan terbentuk cacat gelombang yang merupakan hasil penjumlahan gelombang sinus murni dengan gelombang harmonisa. Harmonisa terjadi akibat adanya beban nonlinier yang dihasilkan oleh peralatan listrik, salah satu contohnya adalah inverter. Pada inverter, harmonisa terjadi akibat adanya proses switching yang terjadi ketika inverter mengubah arus DC menjadi arus AC. Pada Penelitian ini akan dihitung berapa distorsi harmonisa yang di hasilkan pada inverter sebelum terpasangnya filter dan sesudah terpasangnya filter, dengan menggunakan software Simulink MATLAB. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan filter pasif berupa single-tuned filter, hasil simulasi yang telah dilakukan pada kondisi sebelum terpasangnya filter untuk nilai THDv sebesar 38.94% dan sesudah terpasangnya filter sebesar 27.43%. Selisih nilai, sebelum terpasang filter dan sesudah terpasangnya filter adalah sebesar 11.51%. hal ini masih melebihi standar IEEE 512 tahun 1992, sehingga diperlukan lebih dari satu filter untuk mengurangi harmonisa.
Understanding Youth Unemployment and Social Inclusion in South Africa
Authors: Ngcaweni Busani
Published: January 2018

This paper discusses the relationship between youth unemployment and social cohesion by attempting to answer two questions: Firstly, why is it important for South Africa to take into consideration youth unemployment as a hindrance to social cohesion? And, secondly, do such considerations necessitate more holistic and context-specific policies or strategies in synchronising social cohesion initiatives with youth development policies? The paper’s preliminary hypothesis is that there is a strong correlation between high levels of youth unemployment and low levels of social cohesion in South Africa and that improvements in the level of cohesiveness require high levels of inclusiveness within the socioeconomic structures of a country, notably in the economy. The secondary hypothesis is that for South Africa to achieve sustained social inclusion, it is imperative that holistic and context-specific strategies are implemented. It is through context-specific youth development policies that accelerated socioeconomic inclusion can be achieved.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Ndlovu-Gatsheni Sabelo J.
Published: January 2018

Provincialism? Absolutely not. Iâ€™m not going to confine myself to some narrow particularism. Nor doI intend to lose myself in a disembodied universalism. There are two ways to lose one self: throughwalled-in segregation in the particular, or through dissolution into the â€˜universal.â€™ My idea of theuniversal is that of a universal rich with all that is particular, rich with all particulars, the deepening andcoexistence of all particulars (Aime Cesaire 1972: 84).The decolonial turn does not refer to a single theoretical school, but rather points to a family ofdiverse positions that share a view of coloniality as the fundamental problem in the modern (as well aspostmodern and information age), and decolonization or decoloniality as a necessary task that remainsunfinished (Nelson Maldonado-Torres 2011: 2).
Indigenizing Knowledge for Development: Epistemological and Pedagogical Approaches
Authors: Oppong Seth
Published: January 2018

Possessing endogenous knowledge can help Africans formulate practical solutions to our problems that best fit our circumstances to improve our livelihood. Endogenous knowledge can be considered as knowledge about the people, by the people and for the people. This suggests that economic progress is most likely to occur in societies that succeed in linking their knowledge base to innovation systems. But can Africans create such indigenous knowledge? This paper outlines an approach that suggests modification in the current epistemology and pedagogy applied in teaching, learning and research. It is being proposed here that the African scholar should adopt a problem-oriented approach in conducting research as opposed to the current method-oriented approach that prevents the African from examining pertinent African problems. Pedagogy should also change from single-loop learning in which assumptions underlying western theories and concepts are not examined to double-loop learning. In addition, there is the need to revise the training of the next generation of African scholars and modes of knowledge dissemination. The African scholar must be educated on how to apply critical theory to screen imported knowledge. African universities should also rely less on publications in the so-called international journals as the criterion for staff promotion and rather rely more on publications in domestic journals, staff contribution to solving African problems and the number of postgraduates successfully supervised. The journey to creating indigenous knowledge will be long. As such, a 'front' should be nurtured to clear the path.
Knowledge and Ideas in a Context of Power: Rethinking Media Policy and Reform in Southern Africa
Authors: Chiumbu Sarah
Published: January 2018

The discourse of media reform emerged in southern Africa in the early 1990s on the back of a 'democratisation agenda' supported by policies by Western donors. While much academic attention has been paid to the analysis of media reforms in the region within democratisation and globalisation frameworks, less sustained analysis has been made in examining the role of bilateral and multilateral donors, in conjunction with various Western epistemic communities, in pushing a neo-liberal media reform agenda, which this paper argues is a continuation of the developmental project that started in the 1960s. In addition, discourses framing media reform policies and the manner in which domestic (read southern African) policy elites are incorporated into this neo-liberal transnational project have not been subject to systematic inquiry. This paper will dialogue with two conceptual positions: coloniality theories and postcolonial approaches to argue that the 'media and democracy' agenda, as a modernity project, has been an imposition of ideas and priorities from Western actors to advance certain material interests. In conclusion, this paper provides alternative ways of (re)conceptualising media reform in southern Africa.
Beyond Western-Centric and Eurocentric Development: A Case for Decolonizing Development
Authors: Plaatjie Sebeka Richard
Published: January 2018

This article focuses on the analysis of the development discourse from the viewpoint of critical decolonial perspective informed by the work of scholars such as Walter Mignolo that privileges â€˜border thinkingâ€™ and is predicated on the notions of â€˜I think from where I standâ€™. Its proposition is that there is a need for decolonization and â€˜Africanizationâ€™ of the development discourse to reflect the core needs of the African peoples, particularly the poor. The paper starts off with a critique of mainstream development discourse and also proceeds to make a case for a new African development discourse that takes into account African historical experiences and indigenous African thought. This new African development discourse will put the African people first and be constructed from their core values, needs and demands.
FACTORS IMPEDING EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN A LOW-INCOME AREA OF THE WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Goosen C. , McLachlan M.H. , Schubl C.
Published: January 2018

The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is estimated to be the most effective measure to save infants from morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. South Africa is challenged by very poor exclusive breastfeeding practices (6.8-8.3%) during the first six months of life. In the low-income area investigated, the exclusive breastfeeding rate was 6% in 2011. The aim of this study was to describe the factors impeding exclusive breastfeeding practices in a low-income area of the Western Cape Province of South Africa in order to provide recommendations on tailored and generalisable intervention strategies for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding practices. Focus group discussions were conducted with caregivers and health care workers. Several barriers to exclusive breastfeeding practices were reported and seven themes were identified during data analysis: 1) the perception that infants needed water, gripe water and Lennon's Behoedmiddel; 2) the concern that milk alone does not satisfy an infant; 3) inadequate infant feeding education and support by the health system; 4) the lack of community-based postnatal support; 5) convention and family influence; 6) mothers separated from infants; and 7) local beliefs about maternal behaviour and breastfeeding. The barriers to exclusive breastfeeding practices proved to be multifaceted and interlinked. The influence of convention and community perceptions and beliefs combined with suboptimal infant feeding education by the health system and the lack of local postnatal breastfeeding support initiatives posed an intricate group of barriers to exclusive breastfeeding practices.
ATTITUDES OF NURSES TOWARDS PATIENT CARE AT A RURAL DISTRICT HOSPITAL IN THE KWAZULUNATAL PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Haskins J.L.M. , Phakathi S , Grant M. , Horwood C.M.
Published: January 2018

It is important for nurses to have positive attitudes towards patient care if good quality care is to be provided. This study explored nurses' attitudes towards providing care to patients in one rural district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal from the perspective of the nurses themselves, and from the patients' perspective. We conducted an explorative qualitative study. Thirteen focus group discussions were conducted with professional/enrolled nurses, enrolled nurse assistants and patients. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic approach. While some nurses were passionate about nursing for altruistic reasons, many nurses said they actively disliked nursing. Reasons were staff shortages, high patient loads, absenteeism, and poor interpersonal communication. Both nurses and patients reported incidences of poor patient care and even willful neglect of patients' basic care. Nurses blamed sub-standard nursing care on the attitudes of patients or patients' relatives, as well as on lack of management support. Patients described both positive and negative experiences of nursing care received. Poor attitudes of nurses, resulting in poor patient care, could severely undermine the ability of the health system to provide quality care and improve outcomes for patients. It is recommended that all hospitals assess nursesâ€™ attitudes regularly to ensure that patient care is not compromised.
TRAINED NURSE PRECEPTORSâ€™ PERCEPTIONS OF A PRECEPTORSHIP TRAINING PROGRAMME OFFERED BY A UNIVERSITY IN THE WESTERN CAPE
Authors: Jeggels June Deanna , Traut A , Africa F
Published: January 2018

The School of Nursing at the University of the Western Cape (UWC) and the Directorate of Nursing Services in the Western Cape Department of Health undertook a collaborative project to strengthen the clinical teaching skills of professional nurses in the province. A preceptorship training programme was developed by the school and professional nurses from public hospitals and higher education institutions attended the training. It was, however, unclear whether they perceived a change in clinical teaching skills following the training. The purpose of this research was to explore the trained nurse preceptorsâ€™ perceptions of the preceptorship training programme offered by UWC. The objectives were to compile a profile of the participants and to describe their perceived changes in knowledge, skills and attitudes as a result of the training. A qualitative approach was used to carry out an exploratory, descriptive and contextual study. An abstraction tool was used to compile profiles of the participants from records. Purposive sampling was used to select participants from tertiary, regional and district hospitals for three focus group discussions. The data showed that the 80 trained preceptors would be able to precept 1600 students in the province. Five themes emerged from the qualitative data, relating to the change in knowledge about clinical teaching; change in clinical teaching skills; change in attitude; self-awareness; and training challenges. It is recommended that the preceptorship training programme remains a collaborative project.