bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecological aspects of soil reclamation on overburden dumps in coal mining areas
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of the SB RAS, Artamonova V. , Bortnikova S. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petrolium Geology and Geophysics of the SB RAS
Published: August 2022

Biologically productive soils are a non-renewable natural resource. It has been formed for hundreds of years under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors of soil formation. Open-pit coal mining is accompanied by soil destruction, the involvement of man-made waste in the processes of hypergenesis and pedogenesis, including accelerated soil formation. This review focuses on the current state of the problem of ecology of biological reclamation of disturbed lands, special attention is paid to the creation of artificially created pedons on the surface of technogenic bodies, in the profile of which the humus or organogenic horizon is located on technogenic eluvium. It performs at the initial stages of soil formation the function of the underlying rock, and not the parent (soil-forming). Its characteristic feature is the presence of heavy, rare-earth, radioactive metals and metalloids, the supplier of which are minerals of the main overburden and host rocks of coal deposits (siltstones, mudstones, sandstones). In this regard, it is advisable to include artificially created soil-like formations in which there is a fertile layer introduced from the outside to improve the root nutrition of plants, monitoring their ecological and toxicological status, taking into account the gross content of heavy metals around the roots, in terrestrial biomass and biological activity. The review presents modern views on biogenicity and its role in the formation of soil fertility. The necessity of developing a strategy for a comprehensive study of the ecology of soil reclamation in the conditions of technogenesis is emphasized, which is important for the formation of high-quality reclamation services.
The database of Late Pleistocene and Holocene paleoarchives in the Perm Kama region – PaleoPerm
Authors:   Perm State University, Mekhonoshina E. , Kopytov S. ,   Perm State University, Sannikov P. ,   Perm State University, Shumilovskikh Lyudmila ,   Georg-August-University Göttingen
Published: August 2022

The PaleoPerm database is based on published and forthcoming studies of the natural history in the Perm Kama region during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. A total of 53 publications were studied including scientific articles, monographs, dissertations, departmental reports, stock materials was carried out. The earliest publication was published in 1926. The database represents a compilation of information about paleoarchives: peatland, lacustrine, alluvial, cultural, polygenetic sediments and cover loams. Each archive is characterized by more than 20 parameters including name, study area, geographical and morphometric characteristics, information on dating and the range of analyzes performed, reference to primary source etc. Today, the database consists of 124 paleoarchives. In addition, their location and characteristics are provided in the GIS layer. Furthermore, we describe the collected materials according to the chronology, the stage of publication process, the contribution of different research groups, the depths of the studied cores, the sediment dating, genesis and spatial distribution. We include a brief review of the history of paleogeographic and palynological studies of the Perm region. Future development of PaleoPerm includes further update of content of the database, correction of inaccuracies, expanding the range of data and creation an English version. PaleoPerm materials are available at the link - https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19149824.v3
Distopía y archivo en Entremuros de Sergio Missana
Authors: MORENO Fernando
Published: August 2022

La novela del escritor chileno Sergio Missana, Entremuros (2019), responde a los rasgos característicos de la distopía. En una ciudad latinoamericana azotada por la violencia y la destrucción, y partir del descubrimiento de un crimen y de la supuesta investigación para que se pueda encontrar a los culpables, la narración da pábulo para la exposición de temáticas vinculadas con la configuración de un imaginario espacial social y político distópico –donde el archivo desempeña un papel destacado–, también de subjetividades desgarradas, al tiempo que propone una reflexión relacionada con las nefandas consecuencias de todo orden del supuesto desarrollo en la era del capitalismo tardío, construyéndose como una novela híbrida en la que confluyen ciencia ficción, política, testimonio y novela negra.
L’épidémie au prisme des réseaux sociaux numériques
Authors: BONNAIRE Anne-Coralie
Published: August 2022

Plus rapidement encore que les cas de covid-19, les fausses informations se sont répandues dans l’espace public comme une traînée de poudre depuis mars 2020. Or cette infodémie interroge la confiance sociale en un système médiatique libre (Thomaß 2008), pilier des démocraties modernes et permettant d’alimenter le débat politique et sociétal, alimentée par les discours complotistes sur les réseaux sociaux (Thimm 2018). Dans cette contribution, je poserai la question de la confiance sociale en et par les informations médiatiques et le travail journalistique afin de réfléchir aux implications pour la société et la démocratie, en proie à une situation nouvelle et anxiogène. Je souhaite interroger les dispositifs socio-techniques de communication qui se mettent en place dans le contexte de cette pandémie pour contrer la diffusion de fake news et les effets que ceux-ci peuvent avoir à long-terme pour les démocraties.
En effet, les débats entre pro et contre Hydroxychloroquine, pro et contre-masque et dernièrement pro et contre-vaccin sont virulents, les accusations personnelles remplaçant le dialogue scientifique entre chercheur.e.s, comme si le truchement des écrans dédouanait de tout respect des personnes. On note que les débats autour de l’hydroxychloroquine et le soutien à Didier Raoult se font sur internet, essentiellement sur Facebook (Bonnaire 2020). Un climat angoissant règne, aussi bien par l’insécurité créée par la pandémie même que par les discours de peur propagée sur internet et dans certains médias. Pendant le confinement, une dépêche de l’AFP sur deux parle de la pandémie (Hervé 2020) : celle-ci est donc surprésente et occupe toutes les pensées. Cette angoisse culmine en la sortie, le 11 novembre dernier, du documentaire Hold-Up de Pierre Barnerias. Financé en grande partie par le crowd-funding, les réactions et les détracteurs du film s’expriment à la fois sur les médias et sur les réseaux sociaux et donnent de nouveau lieu à une fracture entre pro et contre.
Un groupe en particulier, la Covid19 Fédération, s’est attaqué à un débunkage de chaque information du film. A l’aide d’une observation participante, nous analyserons le travail en ligne de ce groupe qui ne se connait pas en dehors d’une plate-forme de communication dédiée. Chacun.e a un job différent, une formation différente, un lieu d’habitation différent, mais tou.te.s sont réuni.e.s autour de ce même désir d’informer sur la pandémie, de manière la plus objective qui soit. Elles et ils préparent des analyses de film, des vidéos, des articles sur un groupe et une page facebook, un blog d’information et des publications instagram (Covid 19 Fédération 2020). Le recrutement des nouveaux membres se fait par cooptation. Mon analyse basée sur une observation participante montrera une organisation par tâches et par compétences, un processus décisionnel démocratique et de nécessaires compétences en matière d’outils de visio-conférence et d’écriture internet pour réaliser un travail collaboratif en ligne, qui se veut non militant mais au contraire informatif.
Prediction of cometary OH maser emission in 1.6 GHz frequency band based on optical brightness
Authors: SKIRMANTE K. , JASMONTS G.
Published: August 2022

Cometary OH maser emission evaluation was carried out to identify potentially bright comets for which OH maser emission were detectable in 1.6 GHz frequency range using Irbene RT-32 radio telescope. The evaluation model was based on the results of more than 3320 comets observations using data from optical and radio observations. Using the evaluation model, the correlation between optical brightness and radio flux density and correlation between flux density and OH production models was analyzed. In the research a prediction neural network model prototype was created to predict the comet brightness value in optical frequency range, based on the analyzed results from obtained correlation and characteristics of the comet. Based on the prediction model, the comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) was observed in 1.6 GHz frequency band using Irbene RT-32 radio telescope. Spectral analysis using Fourier transform was applied to radio astronomical data from multiple observations related to weak cometary OH maser detection.
Electron Mobility Transistors On AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure with Recess in the Barrier Layer
Authors:   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Pavlov A.Yu. , Tomosh K.N. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Pavlov V.Yu. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Slapovskiy D.N. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Klekovkin A.V. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Ivchenko I.A. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The influence of thickness of barrier layer nitride heterostructure on characteristics of high electron mobility transistors (HEMT). Reducing thickness of the barrier layer will increase transconductance of transistor, its operating frequencies, gain, and specific output power. In the work, change in thickness of barrier layer of heterostructure due to etching of gate recess. The developed and implemented method of low-energy defectless dry etching of the AlGaN barrier layer is used, which consists in cyclic repetition operations of plasma-chemical oxidation of AlGaN and removal of the oxide layer by means of reactive ion etching in inductively coupled plasma in chlorine-containing medium. AlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs with a gate recess were fabricated using the proposed etching method for the first time. It is shown that the currents of obtained transistors are independent of the number of etching cycles, while the gate operating point shifts toward positive voltages (up to obtaining transistors operating in the enhancement mode).
Structural Properties of Superlattices {LTG-GaAs/GaAs : Si} on GaAs (100) and (111)A Substrates
Authors:   . G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Galiev G.B. , Klimov E.A. ,   . G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Pushkarev S.S. ,   . G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Saraykin V.V. ,   . G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Vasil'evskii I.S. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia, Vinichenko A.N. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia, Grekhov M.M. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia, Klochkov A.N. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2022

The proposed new structure for photoconductive antennas is a multilayer epitaxial film grown on a GaAs (111) A substrate and consisting of alternating layers of undoped GaAs grown at low temperature (LTG-GaAs) and GaAs layers formed in the standard high-temperature regime and doped with silicon (GaAs : Si). The ratio of As4 and Ga fluxes (γ) was chosen such that the GaAs : Si layers hadp-type conductivity. LTG-GaAs layers were grown at an increased γ value. A similar structure was grown on a (100) substrate as a reference sample. Phase composition was investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffractometry, surface relief — by mean of atomic force microscopy and distribution of Si impurity over thickness — using secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Controlling the Spectrum of Terahertz Radiation Sources
Authors:   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Glinskiy I.A. , Yachmenev A.E. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Lavrukhin D.V. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Khabibullin R.A. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Gamkrelidze S.A. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Zaytsev K.I. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GPI RAS), Moscow, Spektor I.E. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GPI RAS), Moscow, Ponomarev D.S. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of Ultra High Frequency Semiconductor Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IUHFSE RAS), Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

We report on the development and fabrication of a plasmonic metasurfaces for PCA based on InAlAs/InGaAs superlattice heterostructures. As a result of THz time-domain measurements, it was found that for PCA emitters with a 150 nm thick plasmonic metasurface, the maximum recorded overall THz power was 5.3 (the optical-THz conversion efficiency was 0.19 %) under laser pumping with an average power of 2.8 mW and a bias voltage of 8.6 V. The increase in the signal-to-noise ratio due to the excitation of plasmon modes exceeds ~80 dB. The experiments have shown that the increase of metallization thickness provides the increase of the emitted power. The results could open a pathway towards the development of the Russian THz spec-troscopic and imaging systems.
Políticas Públicas e Sustentabilidade: A Política Agrícola Brasileira em Análise ## Public Policies and Sustainability: Brazilian Agricultural Policy Under Analysis
Authors: Prado Bicalho Adriana , Teodósio Armindo Dos Santos de Sousa , De Lima Caeiro Mariana
Published: August 2022

A análise de política pública a que se propõe este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a inserção da sustentabilidade no processo de construção da política agrícola brasileira.  A abordagem utilizada aponta para uma evolução da ideia de desenvolvimento, girando em torno das teses da “sustentabilidade”, e sua variedade de entendimentos, noções, pressupostos e abordagens. O campo de estudo das políticas públicas propõe um diálogo multidisciplinar entre ciência política, sociologia e administração. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, foram selecionadas duas políticas para análise, a saber, a Política Nacional de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Pnater) e o Plano Setorial de Mitigação e de Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas para a Consolidação de uma Economia de Baixa emissão de Carbono na Agricultura (Plano ABC) e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com indivíduos engajados em sua formulação. A análise dos dados foi elaborada a partir da interação de variáveis que interessam à análise da inserção da sustentabilidade no processo de construção destas duas políticas. Entendendo políticas públicas como instrumento capaz de promover mudanças na organização social, política, econômica, cultural, territorial e ambiental de uma sociedade, este estudo pretendeu lançar luz sobre a importância do comportamento dos policy makers na construção de um modelo de desenvolvimento segundo as teses da sustentabilidade.AbstractThe public policy analysis proposed in this work aims to discuss the insertion of sustainability in the process of building Brazilian agricultural policy. The approach used points to an evolution of the idea of development, revolving around the theses of “sustainability”, and its variety of understandings, notions, assumptions and approaches. The field of study of public policies proposes a multidisciplinary dialogue between political science, sociology and administration. Regarding the methodological procedures, two policies were selected for analysis, namely, the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (Pnater) and the Sectorial Plan for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change for the Consolidation of a Low Emission Economy.
Impact of Students’ Trust on Social Networking Services
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mainul , Mohd Adnan Hamedi
Published: August 2022

Web 2.0 technology is thewebsite and platform for sharing virtual information and communication worldwide. Social networking services (SNSs) technology perform the role of human interaction. The SNSs users can instantly transfer and receive information from other users. Nevertheless, users experience trust issues when delivering information to social networking platforms. Generally, the trust component is the fundamental issue in sharing any type of information on online platforms. Therefore, the study attempts to examine the impact of students' trust in using social networking platforms. Accordingly, the study collected 110 valid survey questionnaires using a social media platform. The study also used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.0 software for data analysis. The findings revealed that students’ trust in information disclosure and effort expectancy is essential for using SNSs. The study enhances knowledge of how to improve SNSs trust by extending the factors conceived of users' trust in social networking sites. The study provides knowledge on integrity and honesty to develop students’ trust in using SNSs
Early Detection Method for Money Fraudulent Activities on E-commerce Platform via Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Misirana Masnita , Tan Shi Er , Augustus Saw Pheng Hong , Mohd Subri Nur Azuin , Ahmad Darus Nur Syazana , Md Yusof Zahayu , Ahmad Nazihah
Published: August 2022

Shopee is one of the prominent online shopping platforms in Malaysia. Nonetheless, countless scam cases were reported on the platform, particularly on money fraudulent activities. This study constructed a quantitative model through linear programming that assessed sentiments based on customers’ reviews. Reviews from three selected Shopee products (‘M3 Smart Health Watch’, ‘Sony Headset Wired Gaming Headphone’, and ‘20000mAh Pineng 100% Original Powerbank’) were analysed using the proposed model. The data were converted into measurable metrics to enable quantitative fraud detection. The model enabled the early detection of possible money fraudulent activities on Shopee products based on customers’ reviews. Resultantly, ‘M3 Smart Health Watch’ is an authentic Shopee product. In contrast, ‘Sony Headset Wired Gaming Headphone’ and ‘20000mAh Pineng 100% Original Powerbank’ are money fraud products sold by scammers. The proposed model utilises free and readily available software, thus extending its usability to other small business owners.
Prevalência e fatores associados às lesões esportivas em jovens jogadores de futebol
Authors: Nunes Heloyse Elaine Gimenes , Onaka Giuliano Moreto , Gaspar-Jr Jair José , Barbosa Fernando Sergio Silva , Martinez Paula Felippe , Oliveira-Júnior Silvio Assis de
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O futebol é a modalidade esportiva mais praticada no mundo com milhões de adeptos, incluindo-se crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo: Analisar a ocorrência de lesões esportivas (LEs) e sua relação com fatores associados às lesões em jovens jogadores de futebol. Método: A casuística foi constituída por 102 jogadores (de 12 a 18 anos de idade) procedentes de dois clubes de futebol. Foram registradas informações sobre treinamento e antropometria e os dados de LEs foram obtidos por meio de inquérito de morbidade referida. Considerando-se a taxa de LEs por participante (2,4 LEs/ indivíduo), foram estabelecidos dois grupos: Grupo 1 (G1, n=61), constituído por voluntários com histórico de até dois casos de LEs, e Grupo 2 (G2, n=41), com participantes com pelo menos três casos de LEs. Resultados: Foram registrados 245 casos de LEs em 81 participantes (prevalência de 79,4%). Trauma foi a principal causa de lesões musculoesqueléticas (56,8%); 74,7% envolveram membros inferiores. Composição corporal e exposição foram diretamente associadas à recorrência de LEs. O G2 mostrou maior massa corporal (G1, 56,7±9,5; G2, 61,6±12,5kg) e maior histórico de prática esportiva (G1, 4,8±2,6; G2, 6,2±2,7 anos) do que o G1. Conclusão: A maioria das LEs teve instalação em membros inferiores devido a trauma. Quanto maior o índice de massacorporal e a exposição a treinos, maior a chance de apresentar três ou mais lesões
REFLECTION OF HEPHAESTION’S DIVINITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Baulina K.
Published: August 2022

The article attempts to determine the display of recognition of the degree of divinity of Hephaestion and the aspects related to this factor. Hephaestion was the closest person in the life of Alexander the Great, who embodied the syncretic processes of the Eastern and Greco-Macedonian traditions, received the status of "second after the king" and held a set of the highest titles, both military and administrative, played one of the key positions at court and had a big influence on Alexander. After the death of Hephaestion, the king wondered: what honors to give a friend, as a god, demigod, or hero? The article is based on ancient Greek written sources and archaeological sources: a stone lion in the Iranian city of Hamadan, and a recently discovered tomb with burials on Casta Hill in Amphipolis, which gives the study more relevance and novelty. My own contribution is the developing concept of recognizing the cult of divinity of Hephaestion, through his military rise in life and the preservation of high status after death and the syncretic elements he embodied. In the course of the research, a detailed reconstruction of the funeral ceremonies was carried out, and controversial issues concerning the recognition of Hephaestion as a hero or deity, which appeared in ancient sources, were analyzed. Attempts are also made to show a reflection of Hephaestion's attraction to Persian traditions.
COUNTERACTION TO ILLEGAL MIGRATION ACTIVITIES ON THE UKRAINIAN SECTOR OF THE POLISH-SOVIET BORDER IN 1929–1933
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Humennyi S.
Published: August 2022

he purpose of the article is to analyze counteraction to illegal migration activities at the border of the Republic of Poland (Second Polish Republic) in particular, in the Ukrainian sector of the Polish-Soviet border from 1929 to 1933. The article focuses on the Ukrainian sector of the Polish-Soviet border, as it was characterized by unique characteristics associated with the peasant uprisings of 1930 against collectivization and the Great Famine (Holodomor) of 1932–1933. The study proposes to track the reaction of the Polish and Soviet sides to permanent illegal migration across the border, the attempt of intelligence of these countries to master the smuggling trade. The researcher pays special attention to the structural changes that the intelligence departments (in Polish: ekspozytury wywiadu) of the Polish Border Guard Corps (Korpus ochrony pogranicza, KOP) have undergone. Also, on the example of specific investigative cases, the schemes of sabotage and intelligence activities of the Soviet side on the border of the Republic of Poland are considered.
PUBLISHING ACTIVITY OF POLISH PUBLIC CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS IN UKRAINE IN 1991-2014
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ilkovych V.
Published: August 2022

The types of publications of Polish cultural public organizations and societies in Ukraine and the main indicators of their activity are analyzed. All-Ukrainian and regional periodicals of the Polish minority in Ukraine are studied. Due to the activities of public cultural societies and organizations of the Polish minority, they have gained a foothold in the information space of Ukraine. The paper examines and lists the most widespread and influential registered regular and irregular periodicals which were published by Polish minority organizations and societies in Ukraine from 1991 to 2014. During this period, Polish NGOs founded more than 20 newspapers and magazines published throughout the country mainly in Polish and Ukrainian languages, while Russian was used in only some regions. Appendix 1 lists the largest regular and irregular periodicals of the studied period.It is proved that the Polish-language press and the press for the Polish minority in Ukraine not only meets the needs of Polonia in information about the historical homeland, but also greatly facilitates the exchange of information among Polish communities about their own lives. The formation and establishment of the largest all-Ukrainian and regional periodicals of Polish public organizations and societies in Ukraine are analyzed. The largest of them were: "Dziennik Kijowski", "Gazeta Lwowska", "Biuletyn Federacji Federacji Organizacji Polskich na Ukrainie", which since 2008 has been called "Nasze Drogi" and "Kurier Galicyjski". Analyzing them, it can be noted that the most common topics were religious and national holidays, major events and events held by Ukrainian Poles, as well as reports and information on the activities of organizations.
INVESTIGATIONS OF DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE CRUSADES: HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   SHEE «Uzhhorod National University», Kepsha A.
Published: August 2022

The Crusades have always provoked different reactions of the inhabitants of Europe. The participants of the crusades tried to achieve their own goals – redemption, to escape from a difficult life, opportunities for enrichment, approach to God, spreading political or ecclesiastical power etc. Despite the motives of the participants, which could be really opposite to each other, next generations perceived and reproduced these events differently. If the society of the Enlightenment condemned the Crusades as a manifestation of cruelty and religious fanaticism, the romance of the 19th century glorified the heroes of the movement for devotion, honor, nobility and feats. Scientific studies of the Crusades of the 1950s and 1960s formed the main views on the phenomenon. This was done thanks to a number of scientists – S. Ransiman, K. Setton, J. Riley-Smith etc. They have formed the basic principles of research and created main works that are relevant to our time. Subsequent generations of scholars have rethought a number of views on the history of the Crusades and revealed new aspects of previously unexplored issues. Views on the participation of "younger sons" in the campaigns, religious bigotry as the main factor of the movement, the bloody confrontation with Muslims as the basic principle of the existence of the Crusaders in Outremer were changed. Scientists such as F.Gabrieli, T.Madden, J.Phillips, M.Amin, A.Boas, N.Godgson, N.Christie looked at already known events from other points of view – through the eyes of locals in Outremer and Muslims, women, travellers etc. New studies of the Crusades in terms of race, gender, religion, denominations, symbols, etc. provide a better understanding of the events of the Crusades and shed light on the dark corners of the distant past.
Back to the Past: Is the West Moving from Crisis Management to Full-Spectrum Deterrence Including Nuclear Force?
Authors: Dönmez Suat
Published: August 2022

During the Cold War, the West tried to deter and contain the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact. This deterrence was based on both conventional and nuclear forces and various concepts and doctrines. After both sides achieved an assured destruction capability, deterrence was achieved by nuclear balance. Once the Cold War ended, the focus shifted from deterrence and containment to crisis management as the international security environment became dominated by internal conflicts, international terrorism, global crime, and problems related to failed states like refugee crises. This resulted in defence cuts as neither side expected a significant conventional and nuclear war. However, this security perception has changed after Russia annexed Crimea and then invaded Ukraine. Recent Western measures to deter Russia, such as deploying conventional forces to Eastern Europe, resemble the Cold War mentality. Accordingly, this paper examines recent developments in the international security environment compared to the Cold War era. It finds that states and alliances have increased their defence budgets and implemented harsh measures to ensure their security and deter potential aggressors.
Android-Based Learning Media in Supporting the Recovery of Science Learning Class VII
Authors: Ekayana Anak Agung Gde , Putra Putu Satria Udyana , Destiansyah Bayu Tegar
Published: August 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan menjabarkan efektivitas produk pengembangan media berbasis android dalam mendukung pemulihan pembelajaran sistem organisasi kehidupan yang dianalisis oleh ahli, guru dan siswa. Rancangan penelitian ini berbasis pengembangan berorientasi pada model Borg dan Gall yang direduksi menjadi lima tahapan. Hasil penelitian meliputi merancang dan membangun media pembelajaran IPA melalui lima tahapan. Penilaian media dari ahli isi dan ahli media memberikan tanggapan yang sangat baik. Hal yang sama dengan hasil pengujian media kepada guru dan siswa, kategori sangat baik diberikan oleh guru terhadap media dengan persentase 99 persen dan uji coba kelas memberikan persentase 97 persen dengan kategori sangat baik. Media yang telah dikembangkan memberikan efektivitas melalui uji coba pra eksperimen terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik dan media pembelajaran efektif membantu pemulihan proses pembelajaran pada materi sistem organisasi kehidupan. Abstract: This research aims to describe the effectiveness of android-based media development products in supporting the restoration of learning organizational life systems analyzed by experts, teachers, and students. This research design is development-oriented based on the Borg and Gall model, reduced to five stages. The research results include designing and building science learning media through five steps. Media assessments from content experts and media experts gave an excellent response. The same thing with the results of media testing for teachers and students; the teacher provided the outstanding category to the media with a percentage of 99 percent, and the class trial gave a rate of 97 percent with an exceptional variety. The media that has been developed provides effectiveness through pre-experimental practices on student learning outcomes, and effective learning media helps restore the learning process of life organization systems.
Pengembangan Modul Adaptif Untuk Melayani Keanekaragaman Gaya Belajar Berbasis Universal Design For Learning
Authors: Murtadho Muhamad Hisam , Praherdhiono Henry , Wedi Agus
Published: August 2022

The dominant use of media and learning methods that only facilitate one learning style can affect the learner's memory. This development research aims to produce a module that can facilitate learning style. The research method used is the development method developed by William W. Lee and Diana L. Owens. The results of the development module have been validated by several experts and are categorized as ‘valid’ to be applied in learning. Based on interviews that have been analyzed using SWOT analysis, it shows that students who study history using the adaptive module feel glad and pleasent. It can be concluded that the developed adaptive module can be applied and be the innovation in learning
Pengembangan Immersive Learning Berbasis Natural User Interface (NUI) Pada Materi Pembelajaran Tenis Meja
Authors: Yusro Afif Rois , Ulfa Saida , Kuswandi Dedi
Published: August 2022

Modern learning with Immersive learning comes with AR and VR concepts to improve students' psychomotor learning skills. Immersive Learning is structured with the concept of learning table tennis movements as a learning medium using sensors that can read human motion. This study aims to help students determine the level of objectivity in learning the basic movements of table tennis using the Lee & Owens development model. The research subjects used 10 students of class X SMKN 1 Pasirian. The results of the development that have been validated by several experts are categorized as very valid. While the test results of immersive learning applications are determined by looking at the results of individual trials with fairly valid results, and field tests with valid results. This shows that this interactive learning multimedia is quite effective in improving psychomotor learning outcomes. In addition, immersive learning media can be implemented as the main learning media in the learning process of basic table tennis movements.
Analysis of The Islamic Leadership, Islamic Work Ethics and Intellectual Intelligence on Employee Performance with Islamic Organization Culture as Moderated Variables
Authors: Candra Wilson , Tubastuvi Naelati , Santoso Suryo Budi , Haryanto Eko
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic leadership, Islamic work ethic, and intellectual intelligence on employee performance with Islamic organizational culture as a moderating variable. The sample selection in this study was carried out by purposive sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Based on the criteria, 120 respondents became the samples. Respondents must meet requirements such as Islam, a bachelor’s degree, and have 3 years of experience in Islamic banking. Hypothesis analysis using SPSS. The analytical technique used in this study is multiple regression analysis or Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) to examine the interaction between variables. The results of this study indicate that Islamic Leadership, Islamic Work Ethics and Intellectual Intelligence can affect employee performance. Then Organizational Culture is not able to moderate the influence of Islamic Leadership and Islamic Work Ethics on Employee Performance, but organizational culture is able to moderate Intellectual Intelligence on Employee Performance.
Consideration of Mithliy and Qīmiy in Debt Service under the Islamic Law of Contract
Authors: Liman Sa‘adatu Hassan  , AbdulWahab Muhammad Jamiu Elesin
Published: August 2022

In order to satisfactorily discharge a financial obligation, Islamic finance prescribes similar for similar or equal for equal (mithliy bi mithliy), unless where similar becomes impossible or unobtainable, then the resort is made to worth or value (qīmah). However, opinions of the jurists differ as to determination, identification or verification precisely of what is mithliy, which may affect the actualisation of debt settlement and make it ambiguous. In this situation, the substitution of qīmiy for mithliy becomes inevitable. In doing so, fear of falling into riba or causing injury to either debtor or creditor arises, particularly where rebatable (usurious) items such as gold and silver (dhahb wa fiḍḍah), currencies (nuqūd), animal (ḥayawān) are involved. This paper, therefore, studied scholarly opinions about the identification of “similar items” (mithliyāt) and “valued items” (muqawwamāt). It used primary and secondary sources of Sharīʻah. Fiqh manuals, books of tafsīr, ḥadīth and relevant periodicals and articles were consulted. The study revealed that parties face difficulties in actualising similarity while settling financial obligations. Therefore, the paper suggested the inclusion of a “statement of similar or worth property” while making a financial agreement.
LITERATURA, COLECCIONISMO Y RECHAZO DE LAS DISPUTAS POLÍTICAS. LOS RECURSOS DE EL IRIS (QUITO:1861-1862)
Authors: Ruiz Martínez Jean Paul
Published: August 2022

Resumen. Esta investigación explora los recursos materiales, asociativos y de contenido a los que apeló El Iris, publicación literaria, científica y noticiosa (Quito: 1861-1862) para tener éxito ante las dificultades de su contexto editorial y para impulsar a una comunidad letrada que en la post crisis de 1859 quería ser vista como una élite cultural ilustrada. Es una indagación que tiene a la prensa por objeto de estudio y busca poner en el centro del análisis a los recursos a los que apelaban los publicistas, condición que permite reconocer al mundo editorial, publicitario y de los impresos como un espacio en el que sujetos y grupos actuaban y experimentaban para cumplir sus objetivos a pesar de las dificultades.

 

Palabras clave: historia de la prensa, materialidad de los impresos, letrados, litografías, redes de circulación.
Interferência da fala na escrita: uma análise das produções textuais feitas por alunos do 7º ano em duas escolas públicas do interior de Minas Gerais
Authors: Souza Alves Deyse , Maria Alves Marlúcia , Oliveira Fernandes Maria Lúcia
Published: August 2022

Este artigo analisa a interferência da fala na escrita em produções de alunos do 7º ano de duas escolas públicas de Minas Gerais, a fim de contribuir com o trabalho docente em sala de aula para amenizar e/ou sanar as intercorrências apresentadas pelos estudantes em seus textos. Foram coletadas e analisadas 35 redações, predominantemente narrativas, das quais 14 apresentavam interferência da oralidade na grafia. Devido à pandemia, as produções foram feitas individualmente e enviadas no Google Classroom. O aporte teórico estabelece diálogo entre os desvios elencados por Pedrosa (2014) e Roberto (2016). Ademais, recorre-se aos conceitos fonéticos e fonológicos e às considerações sobre a linguística elaboradas por Silva (2003) e Cardoso (2009), além do gerativismo proposto por Chomsky e Halle (1968), passando pelas contribuições de Bortoni- Ricardo (2005) acerca da variedade da língua e seu impacto na escrita. A análise mostrou que a realidade linguística dos estudantes das duas escolas é semelhante, pois, nas produções consideradas, 36 desvios foram percebidos, sendo 17 casos nas redações da escola de Monte Carmelo e 19 na escola de Patrocínio. Ressalta-se que o desvio mais encontrado, a relação não biunívoca entre grafema e fonema, está presente nas amostras das duas instituições de ensino.
Palavras-chave: Processos fonológicos; Fala e escrita; Desvios linguísticos.
espaço gótico no conto “A Wilderness Station” de Alice Munro
Authors: De Oliveira Mattos Bazzoli Oíse
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo propõe fazer uma análise do conto “A Wilderness Station”, de Alice Munro, a partir do espaço gótico do locus horribilis, ou seja, a atmosfera aterrorizante e assustadora, mostrando como os personagens são afetados pelos locais que habitam e seus arredores. A análise terá como fundamentação teórica as considerações de Justin D. Edwards sobre o gótico nos discursos da literatura canadense relacionados à subjetividade e identidade nacional e a concepção de Wolfgang Kayser sobre o grotesco que envolve a narrativa. Desse modo, propõe-se apresentar a presença da maquinaria gótica mais que um simples tema na obra de Alice Munro mas como o princípio organizador de sua escrita.
Palavras-chave: Alice Munro; Literatura Gótica; Grotesco; Espaço do Medo.
Using HeuristicsMiner to Analyze Problem-Solving Processes
Authors: Hartmann Christian , Rummel Nikol , Bannert Maria
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a fine-grained process analysis of 22 students in a classroom-based learning setting. The students engaged (and failed) in problem-solving attempts prior to instruction (i.e., the Productive-Failure approach). We used the HeuristicsMiner algorithm to analyze the data of a quasi-experimental study. The applied algorithm allowed us to investigate temporally structured think-aloud data, to outline productive and unproductive problem-solving strategies. Our analyses and findings demonstrated that HeuristicsMiner enables researchers to effectively mine problem-solving processes and sequences, even for smaller sample sizes, which cannot be done with traditional code-and-count strategies. The limitations of the algorithm, as well as further implications for educational research and practice, are also discussed.
Playing distressed art: Adorno’s aesthetic theory in game design
Authors: Hanussek Benjamin
Published: August 2022

The discussion on games as (not) art has been raging for decades without reaching a consensus. It is argued here that the ontological status of games is irrelevant for the perception and development of aesthetic experiences in videogames. Instead, game design should be regarded as ripe to convey the experience of art according  to established aesthetic theories. The essay presents Adorno’s aesthetic theory and highlights its reflections in the games Papers, Please and Observer. It then describes how they were synthesized into a  critical gameplay experience in the author’s game Distressed. The latter may be regarded as an example of a method in game studies in which the aesthetic potential of games is explored by creation rather than analysis. Arguably, this reveals the importance of epistemological approaches  towards games and art instead of the predominant ontological ones.
The perspective of work readiness in vocational school students with 21st century communication and collaboration skills
Authors: Hidayatulloh Muhammad Kris Yuan , Ashoumi Hilyah
Published: August 2022

The 21st-century skills consist of life and career, study and innovation, and information technology skills. The ability to communicate and collaborate is one of the skills. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of communication and collaboration skills on the work readiness of vocational students. A total number of 350 students were used as respondents. Furthermore, the instruments used were Self-Perceived Communication Competence, Work Readiness scale and Teamwork Scale for Youth. The results showed that communication and collaboration skills had both partial and simultaneous influences on student work readiness. Also, these skills were directly proportional to the level of the vocational students' work readiness. In addition, the teacher was a factor that played a role in improving communication and collaboration skills in schools. Meanwhile, with intensive supervision, parents play a role in the improvement of these skills when students are outside the school.

Keywords: Communication, Collaboration, Century skill, Work readiness.
The role of inductive learning models on the students self-regulated learning in math journaling
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Qorib Muhammad , Naimi Nadlrah , Deliati Deliati
Published: August 2022

Students’ self-regulated learning has become an essential element of student’s success in the education sector and therefore, needs the attention of policymakers and scholars alike. Thus, the current study investigates into the role of different learning styles such as just-in-time learning, case-based learning, inquiry learning, project-based learning and problem-based learning on students’ self-regulated learning in the context of public sector universities in Indonesia. Questionnaires are used by researchers to gather the data from respondents. The purposive sampling technique is used to select the student respondents who are using math journaling. Researchers also execute the PLS-SEM for the purpose of analysis and tests the validity, reliability and relationships among variables. The results indicate that all learning styles such as just-in-time learning, case-based learning, inquiry learning, project-based learning and problem-based learning have a positive nexus with students’ self-regulated learning in public sector universities in Indonesia. This study provides valuable insights to policymakers regarding formulating new policies about student self-regulated learning.

Keywords: Just-in-time learning, inquiry learning, project-based learning, problem-based learning, students’ self-regulated learning
Student critical thinking skills and student writing ability: The role of teachers’ intellectual skills and student learning
Authors: Amhar Amhar , Sabrina R. , Sulasmi Emilda , Saragih Mandra
Published: August 2022

Students’ writing ability has become an essential element for student success and may be influenced by the student and teachers skills; therefore, the subject has garnered the attention of regulators and researchers alike. Thus, the current research investigates the role of student critical thinking skills and teachers’ intellectual skills on students’ writing ability across private universities in Indonesia. The researchers also investigate the mediating impact of student learning among the nexus of student critical thinking skills, teachers’ intellectual skills and student writing ability in the context of private universities in Indonesia. The present study has used primary data collection methods and employs the survey questionnaires for data collection. The current research also use the primary data analysis tools such as smart-PLS to test the study hypotheses as well as the items’ validity and reliability. The results reveal that student critical thinking skills and teachers’ intellectual skills have a positive influence on student writing ability in private universities in Indonesia. The results also show that student learning significantly mediates between the association of student critical thinking skills, teachers’ intellectual skills and student writing ability of private universities in Indonesia. This study is meaningful for future researchers who want to investigate this area in a more in-depth manner in the future and provides the guideline to the regulating and developing authorities while formulting policies related to students’ writing ability in the universities of Indonesia.

 

Keywords: Student critical thinking skills, teachers’ intellectual skills, student writing ability, student learnings, private universities in Indonesia