bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circulating Monocyte and Lymphocyte Populations in Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Fasting and during Short-Term Hyperinsulinemia
Authors: Šiklová Michaela , Krauzová Eva , Svobodová Barbora , Kračmerová Jana , Štěpán Marek , Koc Michal , Štich Vladimír , Rossmeislová Lenka
Published: March 2019

Aim. The development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with disturbances of immune status that may be reflected by alterations of the profile of circulating immune cells. In order to study whether there exists genetic predisposition to these alterations, we investigated the relative content of circulating monocyte and lymphocyte subpopulations at fasting condition and upon stimulation by short-term hyperinsulinemia in nondiabetic first-degree relatives (FDR) of T2DM patients and in control subjects. Materials and Methods. 19 nondiabetic (FDR) and 19 control subjects without a family history of diabetes (all men) matched for age and BMI underwent 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Blood samples taken before and at the end of the clamp were used for the flow cytometry analysis of lymphocyte and monocyte populations and for the assessment of cytokine levels. Results. At fasting conditions, FDR showed a higher CD4/CD8 ratio of peripheral lymphocytes, a higher percentage of Th17 lymphocytes, and a lower content of intermediate monocytes when compared to controls. The CD4/CD8 ratio correlated with fat mass, insulin, and HOMA-IR in the entire group of subjects. Hyperinsulinemia decreased a relative content of peripheral CD4+ and increased a relative content of CD8+ T lymphocytes, thus decreasing the CD4/CD8 ratio by 18-22% in both groups of subjects. In FDR but not in controls, the decrease of CD4+ T lymphocyte content was partially based on the decrease of TH2 and TH17 lymphocyte subpopulations. In control subjects but not in FDR, the number of intermediate monocytes has declined in response to hyperinsulinemia. Conclusion. The alterations of the CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio, relative content of TH17 cells, and intermediate monocytes in FDR are features of genetic predisposition to T2DM and may play a role in pathogenesis of T2DM. Short-term hyperinsulinemia affected mostly the immune cell populations deregulated in FDR subjects, which suggests important interplay between immune system homeostasis and insulin levels.
Intramuscular Injection of Adenoassociated Virus Encoding Human Neurotrophic Factor 3 and Exercise Intervention Contribute to Reduce Spasms after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Chang Yu-Xin , Zhao Yan , Pan Su , Qi Zhi-Ping , Kong Wei-Jian , Pan Yi-Ran , Li Hong-Ru , Yang Xiao-Yu
Published: March 2019

Limb spasms are phenomena of hyperreflexia that occur after spinal cord injury. Currently, the clinical treatment is less than ideal. Our goal is to develop a combination therapy based on individualized medicine to reduce spasticity after spinal cord injury. In this study, rats received a severe contusive injury at the T9 segment of the spinal cord, followed by gene therapy with adenoassociated virus encoding human neurotrophic factor 3 (AAV-NT3) and a 2-week exercise program starting at 4 weeks after injury. We quantified the frequency of spasms during a swimming test at 4 and 6 weeks after injury and confirmed the results of the swimming test by measuring the H-reflex of the plantar muscle. We obtained weekly hind limb exercise scores to assess the effect of the interventions in hind limb motor function improvement. Then, we used immunofluorescence to observe the immunoreactivity of spinal motor neurons, synaptophysin, cholinergic interneurons, and GABAergic interneurons. We also measured the expression of KCC2 in the spinal cord by western blot. We found that AAV-NT3 gene therapy, exercise, and combination therapy all attenuated the frequency of spasms in the swimming test conducted at 6 weeks after spinal cord injury and increased rate-dependent depression of H-reflex. Combination therapy was significantly superior to AAV-NT3 alone in protecting motor neurons. Recovery of KCC2 expression was significantly greater in rats treated with combination therapy than in the exercise group. Combination therapy was also significantly superior to individual therapies in remodeling spinal cord neurons. Our study shows that the combination of AAV-NT3 gene therapy and exercise can alleviate muscle spasm after spinal cord injury by altering the excitability of spinal interneurons and motor neurons. However, combination therapy did not show a significant additive effect, which needs to be improved by adjusting the combined strategy.
Local Ecological Knowledge on Climate Change and Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Strategies Promote Resilience in the Middle Zambezi Biosphere Reserve, Zimbabwe
Authors: Kupika Olga Laiza , Gandiwa Edson , Nhamo Godwell , Kativu Shakkie
Published: March 2019

Understanding local community perceptions on impacts, causes, and responses to climate change is vital for promotion of community resilience towards climate change. This study explored local ecological knowledge (LEK) held by local communities on climate change trends and impacts in the Middle Zambezi Biosphere Reserve (MZBR), Zimbabwe. The objectives of the study were to (i) investigate local community perceptions on trends and causes of climate change, (ii) identify biophysical impacts of climate change at the local level, and (iii) explore the ecosystem-based adaptation strategies towards climate change. The study used a mixed methods approach where a household questionnaire survey (n=320), key informant interviews (n=12), and focus group discussions (n=8) were used to collect data between April 2015 and October 2016. Results from the study show that local communities have observed decreasing rainfall and increasing temperatures as key indicators of climate change. Local communities observed water scarcity, changes in vegetation phenology, livestock and wildlife mortalities, and food shortages due to drought as the major impacts on their livelihoods. LEK can contribute to adaptive management strategies that enhance resilience of socioecological systems (SES) in the face of climate change by providing information on the status and use of biophysical components of the environment and by highlighting potential local adaptation strategies that can sustain key livelihood practices.
Macular Hole in Myopic Eyes: A Narrative Review of the Current Surgical Techniques
Authors: De Giacinto Chiara , Pastore Marco R. , Cirigliano Gabriella , Tognetto Daniele
Published: March 2019

Macular hole (MH) in myopic eyes is a disease arising from complex tractional forces exerted by vitreomacular interface, epiretinal tissue, and progressive scleral ectasia of the posterior ocular globe wall. This retinal disease requires vitreoretinal treatment for its repair, and the surgical intervention remains a challenge also for experienced surgeons. The aim of this review is to describe the current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of MH in myopic eyes and to detail novel surgical techniques and technological advancements in its surgical management.
A New Evaluation Method for the Uniaxial Compressive Strength ahead of the Tunnel Face Based on the Driving Data and Specification Parameters of TBM
Authors: Wu Yuexiu , Ma Chishuai , Tan Xianjun , Yang Dianseng , Tian Hongming , Yang Jianping
Published: March 2019

Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is a very important fundamental mechanical parameter for TBM construction. In this work, a predictive model of UCS was proposed according to the TBM parameters including torque, penetration, cutter number, and cutter diameter. The parameter of the new proposed model was established by fourteen existed TBM tunnels’ construction data. To describe the relationships of UCS with PLSI of the Murree tertiary hard rocks, regression analyses have been conducted and a fitting equation with high‐prediction performance was developed. Validation from the data of Neelum–Jhelum (NJ) TBM diversion tunnel were carried out. The absolute errors between predictive UCS and experimental UCS were presented. Through comparison, it can be concluded that the proposed calculation equation of UCS has a high accuracy for a certain rock type with UCS from 50 MPa to 200 MPa. For special hard rock or soft rock, a new calculation equation between UCS and TBM parameters should be studied furthermore.
The Neuroprotective Role of Origanum syriacum L. and Lavandula dentata L. Essential Oils through Their Effects on AMPA Receptors
Authors: Qneibi Mohammad , Jaradat Nidal , Hawash Mohammed , Zaid Abdel Naser , Natsheh Abdel-Razzak , Yousef Remah , AbuHasan Qais
Published: March 2019

Lavandula dentata L. and Origanum syriacum L. essential oils have numerous health benefits and properties, such as possessing common components with a variant degree of depressive actions in the central nervous system. We investigated the depressive property of these oils on AMPA receptors, which are responsible for most of the fast-excitatory neurotransmission in the CNS and play a critical role in synaptic plasticity. Since excessive activation of AMPARs has been linked to neurotoxicity leading to various pathologies, we hypothesize that these oils have a neuroprotective role by acting directly on the kinetics of AMPARs. Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and patch-clamp electrophysiology, the essential oils of L. dentata flowers and O. syriacum leaves were characterized and the whole cell currents were measured with and without the administration of the oils onto HEK293 cells. The current study results showed that the biophysical properties of AMPA receptor subunits showed a decrease in desensitization rate of GluA1 and GluA2 homomers, using O. syriacum, while administering L. dentata oil decreased the desensitization rate of GluA1 and GluA2 homomers, as well as GluA1/2 heteromers. As for the deactivation rate, both oils slowed the deactivation kinetics of all AMPA receptor subunits. Intriguingly, between the two oils, the effect of desensitization and deactivation was of a greater significance for L. dentata oil than O. syriacum. Our data suggest that the two oils contain components that are essential to identify, as those active components underlie the oils’ neuronal depressive properties reported, and to extract them to synthesize a potent neuroprotective drug to treat neurological diseases potentially.
Widespread Striatal Delivery of GDNF from Encapsulated Cells Prevents the Anatomical and Functional Consequences of Excitotoxicity
Authors: Emerich Dwaine F. , Kordower Jeffrey H. , Chu Yaping , Thanos Chris , Bintz Briannan , Paolone Giovanna , Wahlberg Lars U.
Published: March 2019

Methods. Human ARPE-19 cells engineered to secrete high levels of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were encapsulated into hollow fiber membranes. The devices were implanted into the rat striatum 1 week prior to striatal quinolinic acid injections. Animals were evaluated using a battery of validated motor tests, and histology was performed to determine the extent of GDNF diffusion and associated prevention of neuronal cell loss and behavioral deficits. Results. Encapsulated cell-based delivery of GDNF produced widespread distribution of GDNF throughout the entire implanted striatum. Stereological estimates of striatal neuron number and volume of lesion size revealed that GDNF delivery resulted in near complete neuroprotection. Conclusions. Delivery of neurotrophic molecules such as GDNF using encapsulated cells has reached a technological point where clinical evaluation is justified. Because GDNF has been effective in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, stroke, epilepsy, and Huntington’s disease, among other debilitating neurodegenerative diseases, encapsulated cell-based delivery of GDNF might represent one innovative means of slowing the neural degeneration seen in a myriad of currently untreatable neurological diseases.
The Antitumor Effect of Curcumin in Urothelial Cancer Cells Is Enhanced by Light Exposure In Vitro
Authors: Roos Frederik , Binder Katherina , Rutz Jochen , Maxeiner Sebastian , Bernd August , Kippenberger Stefan , Zöller Nadja , Chun Felix K.-H. , Juengel Eva , Blaheta Roman A.
Published: March 2019

The natural compound curcumin exerts antitumor properties in vitro, but its clinical application is limited due to low bioavailability. Light exposure in skin and skin cancer cells has been shown to improve curcumin bioavailability; thus, the object of this investigation was to determine whether light exposure might also enhance curcumin efficacy in bladder cancer cell lines. RT112, UMUC3, and TCCSUP cells were preincubated with low curcumin concentrations (0.1-0.4μg/ml) and then exposed to 1.65 J/cm2visible light for 5 min. Cell growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and cell cycle regulating proteins along with acetylation of histone H3 and H4 were investigated. Though curcumin alone did not alter cell proliferation or apoptosis, tumor cell growth and proliferation were strongly blocked when curcumin was combined with visible light. Curcumin-light caused the bladder cancer cells to become arrested in different cell phases: G0/G1 for RT112, G2/M for TCCSUP, and G2/M- and S-phase for UMUC3. Proteins of the Cdk-cyclin axis were diminished in RT112 after application of 0.1 and 0.4μg/ml curcumin. Cell cycling proteins were upregulated in TCCSUP and UMUC3 in the presence of 0.1μg/ml curcumin-light but were partially downregulated with 0.4μg/ml curcumin. 0.4μg/ml (but not 0.1μg/ml) curcumin-light also evoked late apoptosis in TCCSUP and UMUC3 cells. H3 and H4 acetylation was found in UMUC3 cells treated with 0.4μg/ml curcumin alone or with 0.1μg/ml curcumin-light, pointing to an epigenetic mechanism. Light exposure enhanced the antitumor potential of curcumin on bladder cancer cells but by different molecular action modes in the different cell lines. Further studies are necessary to evaluate whether intravesical curcumin application, combined with visible light, might become an innovative tool in combating bladder cancer.
Influence of the Main Border Faults on the 3D Hydraulic Field of the Central Upper Rhine Graben
Authors: Freymark Jessica , Bott Judith , Cacace Mauro , Ziegler Moritz , Scheck-Wenderoth Magdalena
Published: March 2019

The Upper Rhine Graben (URG) is an active rift with a high geothermal potential. Despite being a well-studied area, the three-dimensional interaction of the main controlling factors of the thermal and hydraulic regime is still not fully understood. Therefore, we have used a data-based 3D structural model of the lithological configuration of the central URG for some conceptual numerical experiments of 3D coupled simulations of fluid and heat transport. To assess the influence of the main faults bordering the graben on the hydraulic and the deep thermal field, we carried out a sensitivity analysis on fault width and permeability. Depending on the assigned width and permeability of the main border faults, fluid velocity and temperatures are affected only in the direct proximity of the respective border faults. Hence, the hydraulic characteristics of these major faults do not significantly influence the graben-wide groundwater flow patterns. Instead, the different scenarios tested provide a consistent image of the main characteristics of fluid and heat transport as they have in common: (1) a topography-driven basin-wide fluid flow perpendicular to the rift axis from the graben shoulders to the rift center, (2) a N/NE-directed flow parallel to the rift axis in the center of the rift and, (3) a pronounced upflow of hot fluids along the rift central axis, where the streams from both sides of the rift merge. This upflow axis is predicted to occur predominantly in the center of the URG (northern and southern model area) and shifted towards the eastern boundary fault (central model area).
Dopamine Agonists: From the 1970s to Today
Authors: Auriemma Renata S. , Pirchio Rosa , De Alcubierre Dario , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria
Published: March 2019

The discovery of dopamine inhibitory effects on prolactin secretion has led to an era of successful dopaminergic therapy for prolactinomas. Herein we provide an overview of the evolution of dopamine agonists and their use in patients with PRL-secreting pituitary tumors, starting from the 1970s up to today, highlighting that normalization of PRL levels, restoration of eugonadism, and reduction of tumor mass can be achieved in the majority of patients by treatment with dopamine agonists.
Igrejas evangélicas como máquinas eleitorais no Brasil
Authors: Prandi Reginaldo , Santos Renan William dos , Bonato Massimo
Published: March 2019

O artigo compara as relações de religiões brasileiras com a esfera política a partir de dois planos distintos: o das concepções políticas dos fiéis e o da atuação eleitoreira das igrejas. São utilizados como fonte principal dados de uma pesquisa nacional de opinião conduzida no ano de 2016 pelo Instituto Datafolha. Procuramos compatibilizar aqui o diagnóstico sociológico de avanço da modernidade religiosa, a partir do qual a religião em seus moldes tradicionais se torna cada vez mais sujeita a bricolagens de fiéis alheios às regulações institucionais, com a constatação do crescente poder de influência eleitoral de igrejas evangélicas em comparação com as demais instituições religiosas.
Impact of oral condition on the quality of life of homeless people
Authors: Lawder Juliana Aparecida De Campos , Matos Marcos André de , Souza João Batista De , Freire Maria do Carmo Matias
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of oral health impact on quality of life and its association with the dental condition and sociodemographic factors of homeless people. METHODS: The sample was composed of 116 adults, temporarily attended by a public institution in the municipality of Goiânia, state of Goiás. Interviews were carried out including the Oral Impact on Daily Performance instrument and sociodemographic aspects. Clinical examinations were done by a trained examiner considering criteria of the World Health Organization. We evaluated dental caries (DMFT index) and use or need to use some type of prosthesis. For the statistical analysis of data, we used Pearson’s Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests and Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: Of the total respondents, 81.9% had at least one daily performance affected by dental problems in the six months prior the survey. The most prevalent dental conditions were: need for lower arch (76.7%) and upper arch prosthesis (69.0%); untreated caries (75.9%); and high DMFT (57.8%). In bivariate analysis, only the need for upper prosthesis variable was associated with the impact (high Oral Impact on Daily Performance). In the regression model, adjusted for time in the institution, age, and sex, this association remained significant (p = 0.015). Individuals without need for upper prosthesis had prevalence of high impact on daily performance 55% lower than those in need of this type of prosthesis (p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of oral health impact on quality of life of homeless people was high and higher than that verified in the overall Brazilian population. The impact was associated with the need for upper prosthesis, regardless of sociodemographic characteristics of the individuals.
Cardiorenal Syndrome: Classification, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Rangaswami Janani , Bhalla Vivek , Blair John E.A. , Chang Tara I. , Costa Salvatore , Lentine Krista L. , Lerma Edgar V. , Mezue Kenechukwu , Molitch Mark , Mullens Wilfried , Ronco Claudio , Tang W.H. Wilson , McCullough Peter A. ,   On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease and Council on Clinical Cardiology
Published: March 2019

Cardiorenal syndrome encompasses a spectrum of disorders involving both the heart and kidneys in which acute or chronic dysfunction in 1 organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction in the other organ. It represents the confluence of heart-kidney interactions across several interfaces. These include the hemodynamic cross-talk between the failing heart and the response of the kidneys and vice versa, as well as alterations in neurohormonal markers and inflammatory molecular signatures characteristic of its clinical phenotypes. The mission of this scientific statement is to describe the epidemiology and pathogenesis of cardiorenal syndrome in the context of the continuously evolving nature of its clinicopathological description over the past decade. It also describes diagnostic and therapeutic strategies applicable to cardiorenal syndrome, summarizes cardiac-kidney interactions in special populations such as patients with diabetes mellitus and kidney transplant recipients, and emphasizes the role of palliative care in patients with cardiorenal syndrome. Finally, it outlines the need for a cardiorenal education track that will guide future cardiorenal trials and integrate the clinical and research needs of this important field in the future.
Cerebral Ischemia in Patients on Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Macha Kosmas , Marsch Armin , Siedler Gabriela , Breuer Lorenz , Strasser Erwin F. , Engelhorn Tobias , Schwab Stefan , Kallmünzer Bernd
Published: March 2019

Background and Purpose—

In patients with ischemic stroke on therapy with vitamin K antagonists, stroke severity and clinical course are affected by the quality of anticoagulation at the time of stroke onset, but clinical data for patients using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are limited.

Methods—

Data from our registry including all patients admitted with acute cerebral ischemia while taking oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation between November 2014 and October 2017 were investigated. The activity of vitamin K antagonists was assessed using the international normalized ratio on admission and categorized according to a threshold of 1.7. DOAC plasma levels were measured using the calibrated Xa-activity (apixaban, rivaroxaban, and edoxaban) or the Hemoclot-assay (dabigatran) and categorized into low (<50 ng/mL), intermediate (50–100 ng/mL), or high (>100 ng/mL). Primary objective was the association between anticoagulant activity and clinical and imaging characteristics.

Results—

Four hundred sixty patients were included (49% on vitamin K antagonists and 51% on DOAC). Patients on vitamin K antagonists with low international normalized ratio values had higher scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and a higher risk of large vessel occlusion on admission. For patients on DOAC, plasma levels were available in 75.6% and found to be low in 49 (27.7%), intermediate in 41 (23.2%), and high in 87 patients (49.2%). Low plasma levels were associated with higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores on admission (low: 8 [interquartile range, 3–15] versus intermediate: 4 [1–11] versus high: 3 [0–8];
P
<0.001) and higher risk of persisting neurological deficits or cerebral infarction on imaging (85.7% versus 75.6% versus 54.0%;
P
<0.001). Low DOAC plasma levels were an independent predictor of large vessel occlusion (odds ratio, 3.84 [95% CI, 1.80–8.20];
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—

The activity of anticoagulation measured by specific DOAC plasma levels on admission is associated with stroke severity and presence of large vessel occlusion.
Lectotypification of Geranium grevilleanum Wall. (Geraniaceae)
Authors: WAGH VIJAY V. , HURRAH IMTIYAZ AHMAD
Published: March 2019

During studies of Geranium in India, it was found that no lectotype had been designated for Geranium grevilleanum. Although several researchers studied this species, they provide only the collection number, type locality and herbarium where it is housed but failed to mention which sheet should be regarded as a type specimen. Therefore, the original material of that species is here established and a lectotype is selected.
A revision of the World species of the genus Tachyusa Erichson, 1837 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)
Authors: PA–NIK GRZEGORZ
Published: March 2019

The World species of the genus Tachyusa, Erichson are revised and the genus is redefined. Tachyusilla and Tachyusota are placed in synonymy with Tachyusa. The revised Tachyusa includes 53 species, 16 of which are described as new: T. americanoides sp. n., T. bertiae sp. n., T. coarctatoides sp. n., T. hammondi sp. n., T. harbinica sp. n., T. krugeri sp. n., T. loebli sp. n., T. mindoroensis sp. n., T. nilensis sp. n., T. pseudosulciventris sp. n., T. riftensis sp. n., T. schawalleri sp. n., T. schillhammeri sp. n., T. smetanai sp. n., T. testacea sp. n. and T. turcica sp. n. The following new synonymies are proposed (each first name being valid): Tachyusa nitella Fauvel, 1895 = Tachyusa jonica Scheerpeltz, 1958, syn. nov., T. arida Casey, 1906 = T. ohioana Casey, 1911, syn. n.; T. elegans Cameron, 1939 = T. singalorum Pace, 1987, syn. n.; T. nitidula Mulsant & Rey, 1875 = T. iberica Fagel, 1957, syn. n.; T. obsoleta Casey, 1906 = T. pruinosa Casey, 1906, syn. n., = T. dakotana Casey, 1906, syn. n., = T. subaluatacea Casey, 1906, syn. n., = T. parviceps Casey, 1906, syn. n., = T. missouriana Casey, 1906, syn. n., = T. illini Casey, 1906, syn. n.; T. orientis Bernhauer, 1938 = T. reitteri Bernhauer, 1938, syn. n., = T. chinensis Pace, 1990, syn. n.; T. wei Pace, 1990 = T. hebeiensis Pace, 1998, syn. n. The following synonymies are confirmed: T. americana Casey, 1906 = T. meraca Casey, 1911, = T. silvatica Casey, 1911; T. balteata Erichson, 1839 = T. balteata elongata Kolenati, 1846; T. cavicollis LeConte, 1863 = T. carolinae Casey, 1906; T. coarctata Erichson, 1837 = T. coarctata cyanea Kraatz, 1856; T. faceta Casey, 1885 = T. vespertina Casey, 1906, = T. vaciva Casey, 1911; T. ferialis Erichson, 1839 = T. bicolor Mulsant & Rey, 1875; T. gracillima LeConte, 1863 = T. smithi Casey, 1906, = T. virginica Casey, 1911; T. nitidula Mulsant & Rey, 1875 = T. ventralis Fauvel, 1898; T. schuberti Jacobson, 1909 = T. bicolor Schubert, 1906, nom. preoc. A neotype is designated for Tachyusa nitella Fauvel, 1895. Both Tachyusa impressa Eppelsheim, 1877 and T. flavolimbata Eppelsheim, 1877, previously considered junior synonyms of T. agilis Baudi, 1869, and T. concinna Heer, 1838, previously considered a junior synonym of T. coarctata Erichson, 1937, are recognised as valid. All species are briefly described/redescribed and illustrated. An identification key to the World species of Tachyusa is provided. A phylogeny of fifty-three species belonging to the genus Tachyusa is proposed, based on fifty-six morphological characters. Cladistic analysis revealed the monophyly of the genus with two major clades.
Review of the bee genus Eremaphanta Popov 1940 (Hymenoptera: Melittidae), with the description of a new species
Authors: MICHEZ DENIS , PATINY SÉBA S.
Published: March 2019

The small central Asian genus Eremephanta (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) is poorly known. We provide a catalogue of the eight species included in this genus and an update of the available diagnoses. One new species, Eremaphanta popovi sp. nov. and the male of E. fasciata Popov 1957 are described. A key to species is given and the species ranges are mapped and discussed.
Revision of the Echiniscus bigranulatus group with a description of a new species Echiniscus madonnae (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from South America
Authors: MICHALCZYK ŁUKA , KACZMAREK ŁUKASZ
Published: March 2019

A new species, Echiniscus madonnae sp. nov., is described from moss samples collected in Peru. So far it is the only species within the Echiniscus bigranulatus group that does not have true pores in the dorsal plate cuticle. This paper contains also a redescription of Echiniscus bigranulatus Richters and updated descriptions of Echiniscus ollantaytamboensis Nickel et al. and Echiniscus ranzii Ramazzotti. In this paper we also provide a SEM analysis of the dorsal plate cuticle structure.
A new species of Myoleja Rondani (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Turkey with a key to the known species of the genus
Authors: HAN HO-YEON , KÜTÜK MURAT
Published: March 2019

Myoleja korneyevi, n. sp., is described and illustrated. Type specimens were collected from low vegetation in the highlands of Trabzon province in Turkey. A few additional specimens from Russian Caucasus were also recognized conspecific. They can be distinguished from the other four known species of Myoleja by the characteristic wing pattern. Photographs of the specimens and detailed illustrations of the genitalic structures are provided. As well, there is a key to all five recognized species of Myoleja. The identities of Spilographa caucasica Bigot, Euleia contemnens Hering and Pseudospheniscus desparatus Hering are discussed, and although these species have been recently placed in Myoleja, we consider they belong elsewhere.
Two new species of Trimeria de Saussure from Brazil, with biological notes and a key to the Brazilian taxa (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Masarinae)
Authors: HERMES MARCEL G. , MELO GABRIEL A.R.
Published: March 2019

Two new species of the masarine genus Trimeria de Saussure are described from Brazil: T. robusta new species, from Minas Gerais and Bahia, and T. rubra new species, from Rondônia. Anecdotal information on nests of T. robusta is presented. A key to the identification of the Brazilian species is provided.
New species of darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from San Salvador Island, Bahamas
Authors: STEINER WARREN E.
Published: March 2019

In preparation for a survey and annotated checklist of the Tenebrionidae of San Salvador Island, Bahamas, nine new species of darkling beetles are described. All are so far known only from this island and probably endemic. The majority of them are flightless. All inhabit maritime sand scrub habitats. The new taxa, in the sequence described herein, are: Trientoma jilae, n. sp., Trientoma voegeliorum, n. sp., Branchus geraceorum, n. sp., Adelina bacardi, n. sp., Blapstinus kalik, n. sp., Diastolinus this, n. sp., Diastolinus that, n. sp., Nautes guanahani, n. sp., Lobopoda deyrupi, n. sp. Digital images of the holotypes are included. Diagnoses of the new species, with comparisonsamong related ones, are provided, and notes on habitats and collections are given. One species, Blapstinus humilis Casey, is brought out of synonymy under B. fuscus Casey and provisionally recognized as valid, pending further revisionary work.
Taxonomy, cladistics and biogeography of the South American genus Brachygasterina Macquart (Diptera: Muscidae). Zootaxa, 1151, 1–26. (ERRATUM)
Authors: DE CARVALHO C. J.B. , PONT A. C.
Published: March 2019

ERRATUM
On four new canopy spiders of Dictynidae (Araneae) from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, China
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-SHENG , LI SHUQIANG
Published: March 2019

Four new Dictynidae species from the rainforest canopy of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China, are described in the present paper. Two belong to the genus Sudesna Lehtinen, 1967: S. circularis sp. nov. (male, female) and S. digitata sp. nov. (female). And the others are assigned to a new genus, Bannaella gen. nov., which are B. sinuata sp. nov. (female) and B. tibialis sp. nov. (male, female). The new genus is similar to Brommella and Scotolathys in having similar appearances, but can be easily distinguished by the broad dorsal tibial apophysis of the male palp and the simple epigynal ducts of the female. Morphological descriptions, illustrations and photos of all species are given. Additionally, photos of two Chinese species, Brommella punctosparsa (Oi, 1957) from Hunan and Sudesna hedini (Schenkel, 1936) from Guizhou, are also presented, in order to compare with the new genus and the new species of Sudesna.
Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae)
Authors: BENJAMIN SURESH P.
Published: March 2019

The higher-level phylogenetic relationships of crab spiders (Thomisidae) are studied from morphological data. 33 taxa are coded for 74 characters (53 binary and 21 multistate). Several analyses using equal, successive and implied weights were carried out. The most parsimonious tree obtained by analysis with successive and implied weights is put forward as the preferred hypothesis of thomisid relationships (length 222 steps, CI 0.74, RI 0.83). Thomisidae emerge monophyletic in all analyses, supported by four unambiguous synapomorphies. It is now apparent that thomisid taxa have been mostly defined on the basis of plesiomorphic character states. A number of taxonomic changes, including the description of new taxa are proposed and the evolution of diverse behaviors of thomisids is studied in light of the new phylogenetic result. Color change behavior evolved once within the family, but eye arrangement patterns of the median ocular quadrangle, thought to be diagnostic for many genera, evolved as much as 10 times independently. The following new species are described: Borboropactus nyerere sp. nov., Cebrenninus srivijaya sp. nov., Geraesta lehtineni sp. nov. and Geraesta mkwawa sp. nov. The following new generic synonymies are proposed: Bucranium O. P.-Cambridge, 1881 = Aphantochilus O. P.-Cambridge, 1870; Sanmenia Song and Kim, 1992 = Pharta Thorell, 1891 and Cupa Strand, 1906 = Epidius Thorell, 1877. The following species are synonymized: Regillus divergens Hogg, 1914 and Borboropactus hainanus Song, 1993 = Borboropactus bituberculatus Simon, 1884 syn. nov., Epidius ganxiensis (Yin, Peng & Kim, 1999) = Epidius rubropictus Simon, 1909 syn. nov., Geraesta bilobata Simon, 1897 = Geraesta hirta Simon, 1889 syn. nov., Sanmenia kohi Ono, 1995 = Pharta bimaculata Thorell, 1891 syn. nov. and Sanmenia zhengi (Ono & Song, 1986) = Pharta brevipalpus (Simon, 1903) syn. nov. The following new combinations are proposed: Aphantochilus taurifrons (O. P.-Cambridge, 1881) comb. nov., Epidius typicus (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) comb. nov., Pharta brevipalpus (Simon, 1903) comb. nov., Pharta gongshan (Yang, Zhu and Song, 2006) comb. nov., Pharta nigra (Tang, Griswold & Peng, 2009) comb. nov. and Pharta tengchong (Tang, Griswold & Yin, 2009) comb. nov.
A new Clathria (Demospongiae, Microcionidae) from Peru occurring on rocky substrates as well as epibiontic on Eucidaris thouarsii sea urchins
Authors: AGUIRRE L. KAREM , HOOKER YURI , WILLENZ PHILIPPE , HAJDU EDUARDO
Published: March 2019

Southeastern Pacific sponges (Phylum Porifera) range among the world’s least known faunas, with only 13 species reported to date from the entire Peruvian coast. This state of affairs motivated the onset of two large, cooperative, exploratory initiatives, with the aim of mapping sponge richness and distribution in the area: Proyectos ESPER and EsponjAS. Over 800 specimens have been collected in Peru since 2007, with identifications still in progress. Among these, a sponge species originally thought to be an exclusive epibiont on Eucidaris thouarsii sea urchins, relatively conspicuous on Peru’s Punta Sal region. This sponge, latter found to occur on additional substrates too, is described as a new species of Clathria (Microciona). Cidarid density ranged between 1.5 and 12/m 2 , and largest diameter of the tests between 3.2 and 5.6 cm. Total number of spines on each sea urchin varied between 68 and 96, and percent sponge coverage of these, between 18.2 and 75.7. There appears to be only a slight tendency for increased sponge coverage on larger sea urchins, so there may be factors, other than sea urchin age, shaping this association. Clathria (Microciona) aculeofila sp. nov. can be markedly dominant as an epibiont on E. thouarsii, albeit the great sponge richness in the area. This is in contrast to the allegedly opportunistic, diverse epibiosis by sponges reported previously for Antarctic cidaroids.
A new species of eriophyoid mite (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) on Leucadendron argenteum (L.) R. Br. from South Africa
Authors: PYE DANIEL R. L.
Published: March 2019

A new vagrant eriophyoid mite species, collected from plant material imported into the United Kingdom, is described and illustrated: Aceria argentae n. sp. found on Leucadendron argenteum (L.) R. Br. (Proteaceae) from South Africa. A review of the eriophyoid mite species known from plants in the Proteaceae is also provided and recent findings of non-native eriophyoid mites in the United Kingdom are discussed.
Helminths of the white ibis, Eudocimus albus (Aves: Therskiornithidae) in Mexico.
Authors: ORTEGA-OLIVARES MIRZA P. , HERNÁNDEZ-MENA DAVID I. , DE LEÓN GERARDO PÉREZ-PONCE , GARCÍA-VARELA MARTÍN
Published: March 2019

Eight species of helminths are reported from the intestine of 52 white ibis [(Eudocimus albus (Linneaeus)] collected in 14 localities along the Mexican coasts of the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific Ocean. Three trematodes, Parastrigea cincta Brandes, 1888; Parastrigea diovadena Dubois & Macko, 1972, and Patagifer lamothei Dronen & Blend, 2008, one cestode Cyclustera ibisae Schmidt & Bush, 1972 and four acanthocephalan species Hexaglandula corynosoma Travassos, 1915, Arhythmorhynchus frassoni Molin, 1858, Southwellina hispida Van Cleave, 1925, Ibirhynchus dimorpha GarcíaVarela, Pérez-Ponce de León, Aznar & Nadler, 2011, were found. Four of these species were recorded for the first time in the white ibis, raising the number of helminth species that parasitize this bird to 57 along its distributional range. Additionally, 4 of the helminth species are recorded in Mexico for the first time.
Past and present distribution and hosts of Longidorus (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) in mainland China
Authors: GUO KAI , SHI HONGLI , LIU KUN , ZHENG JINGWU
Published: March 2019

The geographical distribution and host associations of Longidorus in mainland China were determined from a comprehensive survey. Among 2,103 soil samples collected from 12 provinces of China during 2008–2010, nine Longidorus species were identified based on morphological characters: L. henanus Xu & Cheng 1992; L. litchii Xu & Cheng 1992; L. hangzhouensis Zheng et al. 2001; L. pisi Edward, Misra & Singh 1964; L. macromucronatus Siddiqi 1962; L. fangi Xu & Cheng 1991; L. camelliae Zheng et al. 2000; L. jonesi Siddiqi 1962; and L. fursti Heyns et al. 1987. In this study, we compile new data on the distribution and hosts of Longidorus in China and the available historical records reported from China. Longidorus henanus has the most widespread distribution in China, while L. litchii is found only in Fujian province, and L. pisi is recorded for the first time in China. The hosts of the genus Longidorus in mainland China included 39 known and 3 unknown plant genera, all of which are perennial woody plants. No records were from cultivated annual crops.
New species of Plesionika Bate, 1888 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) from Southwestern Atlantic
Authors: CARDOSO IRENE A.
Published: March 2019

The pandalid genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 includes 92 species and has a widespread distribution. The new Plesionika species described herein was sampled by the oceanographic program REVIZEE Central (Fishery) at the Central Brazilian coast (from 11 o S to 22 o S) in depths ranging from 200 to 2000 m using ARROW and GOV nets. Additional material of the new species from the collection of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), sampled at South Brazilian coast was also examined. Plesionika revizeei n. sp. is closely related to P. willisi (Pequegnat 1970), and the main feature that distinguishes these two species is the presence of epipods on pereopods 1–4 in the new species. This study provides a full description of the new species and an identification key to the Southwestern Atlantic species of Plesionika.
A new species of Nebalia (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Leptostraca) from the Cape d’Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong
Authors: LEE CHRISTINE N. W. , BAMBER ROGER N.
Published: March 2019

A new species of leptostracan, Nebalia mortoni, is described from the waters of the Cape d’Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. It is distinguished from previously described species in particular owing to the squared denticles on the posterior dorsal margins of the pleonites. The species has been collected using baited traps, and has been the subject of previous study of its behaviour and demography. Laboratory culture of immature males has revealed that passage to maturity involved a sudden and dramatic lengthening of the antennae within the space of a single moult. This is only the second description of nebaliacean species from Asia.
High level Mammalian taxonomy: a response to Hedges (2011)
Authors: ASHER ROBERT J. , HELGEN KRISTOFER M.
Published: March 2019

Hedges (2011) recently published a critique of our 2010 BMC Evolutionary Biology article (Asher and Helgen 2010) in which he expressed a preference for the name Afrosoricida Stanhope et al. 1998 to signify the mammalian clade of tenrecs (Tenrecidae) and golden moles (Chrysochloridae). He disagreed with what he claimed to be our rationale for preferring another name for this group, Tenrecoidea McDowell 1958. Here is his portrayal of our taxonomic philosophy: "[Asher & Helgen] suggested that strict priority be used as a criterion for high-level names and that such priority be based on group content rather than the procedure used for low-level taxa, anchored to constituent taxa. ... [They] have proposed a radical departure from convention" (Hedges 2011:67–68).
A new species of Bothrops (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) from Pampas del Heath, southeastern Peru, with comments on the systematics of the Bothrops neuwiedi species group
Authors: CARRASCO PAOLA A. , GRAZZIOTIN FELIPE G. , FARFÁN ROY SANTA CRUZ , KOCH CLAUDIA , OCHOA JOSÉ ANTONIO , SCROCCHI GUSTAVO J. , LEYNAUD GERARDO C. , CHAPARRO JUAN C.
Published: March 2019

We describe a new species of pitviper of the genus Bothrops from the Peruvian Pampas del Heath, in the Bahuaja-Sonene National Park. Pampas del Heath is an area of seasonally flooded savannas and a northwestern extension of the Gran Chaco Boliviano-Paraguayo. The new species is easily distinguished from its congeners by the exclusive combination of dorsal color pattern of body consisting of small C-shaped blotches, postocular stripe originating posteriorly to the eye, covering posterior supralabials, dorsum of the head with paired markings arranged symmetrically, venter cream heavily speckled with brown, prelacunal scale discrete in contact with second supralabial, three to five prefoveals, subfoveal single usually present, postfoveals absent to two, canthals two, seven intersupraoculars, one or two suboculars, two or three postoculars, seven or eight supralabials, nine to eleven infralabials, 26–27 interrictals, 23–25 middorsal scales, 172 ventrals in the female and 169–173 in males, 45 subcaudals in the female and 50 in males. We performed separate and combined phylogenetic analyses based on morphology and five mitochondrial genes and recovered the new species as a member of the Bothrops neuwiedi species group. All lineages of this clade inhabit the South American dry diagonal. This novel species of pitviper increases the known diversity of the genus Bothrops and adds to the number of described taxa from the unique and scarcely known ecosystem of Pampas del Heath.
The relationship work of sexual intimacy in long-term heterosexual and LGBTQ partnerships
Authors: Gabb Jacqui
Published: March 2019

Sex is perceived as crucial to relationship success. This article reveals how sexual intimacy is part of the relationship work that couples ordinarily complete to sustain their partnerships over time. It problematizes the binary logics of good/bad sex, female/male desire and homo/heterosexual difference and shows how fluctuations of desire and sexual capacity are managed by couples through intimate knowledge. Findings presented here derive from a multiple methods study with 50 long-term heterosexual and LGBTQ partnerships. The article demonstrates how the absence of normative sexual scripts enables queer couples to more readily manage sexual discrepancies. Gendered differences and inequalities persist within many heterosexual relationships while reflexivity and increased openness characterize queer coupledom. Women and LGBTQ couples are more inclined to deploy humour to diffuse difficult situations and in this context gay men are akin to women more so than heterosexual men.
Examining the inverted U-shaped relationship between workload and innovative work behavior: The role of work engagement and mindfulness
Authors: Montani Francesco , Vandenberghe Christian , Khedhaouria Anis , Courcy François
Published: March 2019

Is workload good or bad for employee innovation? Workload and innovative work behavior are widely studied research topics. However, the relationship between them is not well understood. As a result, there is a lack of evidence-based knowledge that could inform managers and organizations on how to boost workplace innovation in demanding work contexts. Building on the job demands–resources model, the present study posits that workload relates to innovative behavior through work engagement. Specifically, we argue that this indirect relationship exhibits an inverted U-shaped pattern in which workload is most likely to benefit innovative behavior when it is moderate. We further identify mindfulness as an important moderator that influences individuals’ ability to manage stress. In support of these predictions, three studies – a two-wave time-lagged study of 160 employees from various Canadian firms, a three-wave time-lagged study of 153 employees from US firms, and a two-wave panel study of 208 employees from US firms – found work engagement mediated the inverted U-shaped relationship between workload and innovative behavior. Moreover, when mindfulness was high, intermediate levels of workload were associated with increased innovative behavior through enhanced work engagement (Studies 1 and 2). We discuss the implications of these findings for theory and practice.
Organizational form and pro-social fantasy in social enterprise creation
Authors: Kenny Kate , Haugh Helen , Fotaki Marianna
Published: March 2019

Why do social entrepreneurs retain their faith in social entrepreneurship despite the organizational tensions and anxieties inherent to this field of practice? In this article, we employ the psychoanalytic concept of fantasy to advance knowledge on social enterprise creation. The research analyses qualitative data relating to the adoption of the Community Interest Company, a bespoke organizational form for social enterprise. We argue that social entrepreneurs adopt a specific organizational form because it represents a fantasmatic object that supports their desire for pro-social work. This fantasmatic form appears to temporarily neutralize tensions and anxieties while preserving attachments to pro-social ideals. Our first contribution is to extant research on the role of fantasy in social enterprise. Specifically, we elucidate how social enterprise creation is riven with fantasy-laden attachments to ideals of pro-social work that promise to counteract concerns about future viability as well as competing social and for-profit missions. Our second contribution is to highlight the role that organizational form choice plays in effectively managing such tensions and anxieties as it provides a robust anchor for pro-social desires. Fantasmatic attachments to pro-social work and organizational form thus emerge as integral to social enterprise creation.
Make Peace with Me: The Josianic Origins of Isaiah 24–27
Authors: Hays Christopher B.
Published: March 2019

Isaiah 24–27 has been an enduring mystery for scholars of the book. Contrary to theories that it is the latest part of the book, it is not apocalyptic; its imagery of divine feasting and conquering death have very ancient cognates; and its Hebrew language does not indicate lateness. The passage celebrates the receding power of Assyria in Judah, and especially from the citadel at Ramat Raḥel near Jerusalem, in the late seventh century. This was the time of King Josiah and his scribes, who saw a political opportunity and issued an overture to the former northern kingdom: “Make peace with me!”