bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Charges at Null Infinity in Any Dimension
Authors: Campoleoni Andrea , Francia Dario , Heissenberg Carlo
Published: March 2018

We analyse the conservation laws associated with large gauge transformations of massless fields in Minkowski space. Our aim is to highlight the interplay between boundary conditions and finiteness of the asymptotically conserved charges in any space-time dimension, both even and odd, greater than or equal to three. After discussing nonlinear Yang–Mills theory and revisiting linearised gravity, our investigation extends to cover the infrared behaviour of bosonic massless quanta of any spin.
Evaluating the Timing and Interdependence of Hydrologic Processes at the Watershed Scale Based on Continuously Monitored Data
Authors: Arenas Antonio , Schilling Keith , Niemeier James , Weber Larry
Published: March 2018

A quantitative understanding of the interplay between the different components of the hydrologic cycle at the watershed scale can be gained from analyzing high-frequency hydrologic time series. High-frequency measurements of precipitation, soil water content, shallow groundwater, and streamflow were collected and analyzed in Otter Creek, a 122 km2 watershed located in Northeast Iowa, USA. For selected rainfall events occurring in 2014, it was found that there is at least 4 h of delay between soil water content and water table time series response and streamflow peak. This is true even when the water table was approximately 6.5 m below the ground surface before rainfall started. Data reveal a strong linear dependence between the soil water content and the water table, which suggests the existence of a capillary fringe that extends approximately 2.5 m above the water table. The highest streamflow values in Otter Creek occurred when both the water table was close to the ground surface and the near surface soil (top 65 cm) was close to full saturation. Analyses show that, in the study area, data on depth to water table or deep soil water content have the potential to play a key role in the development of a flood warning system. The transformation of rainfall into streamflow is a complex process that we simplified in this study. Additional analyses using physically based coupled surface-subsurface models or non-linear or stochastic models are recommended for more rigorous analysis.
Valley-selective directional emission from a transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayer mediated by a plasmonic nanoantenna
Authors: Chen Haitao , Liu Mingkai , Xu Lei , Neshev Dragomir N
Published: March 2018

Background: Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with intrinsically crystal inversion-symmetry breaking have shown many advanced optical properties. In particular, the valley polarization in 2D TMDCs that can be addressed optically has inspired new physical phenomena and great potential applications in valleytronics.

Results: Here, we propose a TMDC–nanoantenna system that could effectively enhance and direct emission from the two valleys in TMDCs into diametrically opposite directions. By mimicking the emission from each valley of the monolayer of WSe2 as a chiral point-dipole emitter, we demonstrate numerically that the emission from different valleys is directed into opposite directions when coupling to a double-bar plasmonic nanoantenna. The directionality derives from the interference between the dipole and quadrupole modes excited in the two bars, respectively. Thus, we could tune the emission direction from the proposed TMDC–nanoantenna system by tuning the pumping without changing the antenna structure. Furthermore, we discuss the general principles and the opportunities to improve the average performance of the nanoantenna structure.

Conclusion: The scheme we propose here can potentially serve as an important component for valley-based applications, such as non-volatile information storage and processing.
Electrochemical Corey–Winter reaction. Reduction of thiocarbonates in aqueous methanol media and application to the synthesis of a naturally occurring α-pyrone
Authors: López-López Ernesto Emmanuel , Pérez-Bautista José Alvano , Sartillo-Piscil Fernando , Frontana-Uribe Bernardo A
Published: March 2018

An electrochemical version of the Corey–Winter reaction was developed giving excellent results in aqueous methanol media (MeOH/H2O (80:20) with AcOH/AcONa buffer 0.5 M as supporting electrolyte), using a reticulated vitreous carbon as cathode in a divided cell. The electrochemical version is much more environmentally friendly than the classical reaction, where a large excess of trialkyl phosphite as reducing agent and high temperatures are required. Thus, cathodic reduction at room temperature of two cyclic thiocarbonates (−1.2 to −1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl) afforded the corresponding alkenes, trans-6-(pent-1-enyl)-α-pyrone and trans-6-(pent-1,4-dienyl)-α-pyrone, which are naturally occurring metabolites isolated from Trichoderma viride and Penicillium, in high chemical yield and with excellent stereo selectivity.
Genomic Prediction in a Multiploid Crop: Genotype by Environment Interaction and Allele Dosage Effects on Predictive Ability in Banana
Authors: Nyine Moses , Uwimana Brigitte , Blavet Nicolas , Hřibová Eva , Vanrespaille Helena , Batte Michael , Akech Violet , Brown Allan , Lorenzen Jim , Swennen Rony , Doležel Jaroslav
Published: March 2018

Improving the efficiency of selection in conventional crossbreeding is a major priority in banana (Musa spp.) breeding. Routine application of classical marker assisted selection (MAS) is lagging in banana due to limitations in MAS tools. Genomic selection (GS) based on genomic prediction models can address some limitations of classical MAS, but the use of GS in banana has not been reported to date. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive ability of six genomic prediction models for 15 traits in a multi‐ploidy training population. The population consisted of 307 banana genotypes phenotyped under low and high input field management conditions for two crop cycles. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers used to fit the models were obtained from genotyping by sequencing (GBS) data. Models that account for additive genetic effects provided better predictions with 12 out of 15 traits. The performance of BayesB model was superior to other models particularly on fruit filling and fruit bunch traits. Models that included averaged environment data were more robust in trait prediction even with a reduced number of markers. Accounting for allele dosage in SNP markers (AD‐SNP) reduced predictive ability relative to traditional bi‐allelic SNP (BA‐SNP), but the prediction trend remained the same across traits. The high predictive values (0.47– 0.75) of fruit filling and fruit bunch traits show the potential of genomic prediction to increase selection efficiency in banana breeding.
Asteroids in the High Cadence Transient Survey
Authors: Peña J. , Fuentes C. , Förster F. , Maureira J. C. , San Martín J. , Littín J. , Huijse P. , Cabrera-Vives G. , Estévez P. A. , Galbany L. , González-Gaitán S. , Martínez J. , de Jaeger Th. , Hamuy M.
Published: March 2018

We report on the serendipitous observations of solar system objects imaged during the High cadence Transient Survey 2014 observation campaign. Data from this high-cadence wide-field survey was originally analyzed for finding variable static sources using machine learning to select the most-likely candidates. In this work, we search for moving transients consistent with solar system objects and derive their orbital parameters. We use a simple, custom motion detection algorithm to link trajectories and assume Keplerian motion to derive the asteroid’s orbital parameters. We use known asteroids from the Minor Planet Center database to assess the detection efficiency of the survey and our search algorithm. Trajectories have an average of nine detections spread over two days, and our fit yields typical errors of

, σ
e ∼ 0.07 and σ

i
 ∼ 0.°5 in semimajor axis, eccentricity, and inclination, respectively, for known asteroids in our sample. We extract 7700 orbits from our trajectories, identifying 19 near-Earth objects, 6687 asteroids, 14 Centaurs, and 15 trans-Neptunian objects. This highlights the complementarity of supernova wide-field surveys for solar system research and the significance of machine learning to clean data of false detections. It is a good example of the data-driven science that Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will deliver.
Atomic Gas in Blue Ultra Diffuse Galaxies around Hickson Compact Groups
Authors: Spekkens Kristine , Karunakaran Ananthan
Published: March 2018

We have found the atomic gas (H i) reservoirs of the blue ultra diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates identified by Róman and Trujillo in images near Hickson Compact Groups (HCGs). We confirm that all of the objects are indeed UDGs with effective radii

kpc. Three of them are likely to be gravitationally bound to the HCG near which they project, one is plausibly gravitationally bound to the nearest HCG, and one is in the background. We measure H i masses and velocity widths for each object directly from the spectra, and use the widths together with the UDG effective radii to estimate dynamical masses and halo spin parameters. The location of the blue UDGs in the H i mass–stellar mass plane is consistent with that of the broader gas-rich galaxy population, and both their H i masses and gas richnesses are correlated with their effective radii. The blue UDGs appear to be low-mass objects with high-spin halos, although their properties are not as extreme as those of the faintest diffuse objects found in H i searches. The data presented here highlight the potential of single-dish radio observations for measuring the physical properties of blue diffuse objects detected in the optical.
Frequency Identification and Asteroseismic Analysis of the Red Giant KIC 9145955: Fundamental Parameters and Helium Core Size
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Wu Tao , Li Yan
Published: March 2018

We have analyzed 18 quarters of long-cadence data of KIC 9145955 provided by Kepler, and extracted 61 oscillation frequencies from these high-precision photometric data. The oscillation frequencies include 7 l = 0 modes, 44 l = 1 modes, 7 l = 2 modes, and 3 l = 3 modes. We identify l = 0 modes as p modes and l = 2 modes as p-dominated modes. For l = 1 modes, all of them are identified as mixed modes. These mixed modes can be used to determine the size of the helium core. We conduct a series of asteroseismic models and the size of the helium core is determined to be M
He = 0.210 ± 0.002 M
⊙ and

. Furthermore, we find that only the acoustic radius τ
0 can be precisely determined with the asteroseismic method independently. The value of τ
0 is determined to be 0.494 ± 0.001 days. By combining asteroseismic results and spectroscopic observations, we obtain the best-fitting model. The physical parameters of this model are M = 1.24 M
⊙, Z = 0.009, α = 2.0, T
eff = 5069 K, log g = 3.029, R = 5.636 R
⊙, and L = 18.759 L
⊙. In addition, we think that the observed frequency F39 (96.397 μHz) is more appropriate to be identified as a mixed mode of the most p-dominated.
Investigating the Relation between Sunspots and Umbral Dots
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Louis Rohan E. , Mathew Shibu K.
Published: March 2018

Umbral dots (UDs) are transient, bright features observed in the umbral region of a sunspot. We study the physical properties of UDs observed in sunspots of different sizes. The aim of our study is to relate the physical properties of UDs with the large-scale properties of sunspots. For this purpose, we analyze high-resolution G-band images of 42 sunspots observed by Hinode/SOT, located close to disk center. The images were corrected for instrumental stray light and restored with the modeled point-spread function. An automated multilevel tracking algorithm was employed to identify the UDs located in selected G-band images. Furthermore, we employed Solar Dynamics Observatory/HMI, limb-darkening-corrected, full-disk continuum images to estimate the sunspot phase and epoch for the selected sunspots. The number of UDs identified in different umbrae exhibits a linear relation to the umbral size. The observed filling factor ranges from 3% to 7% and increases with the mean umbral intensity. Moreover, the filling factor shows a decreasing trend with the umbral size. We also found that the observed mean and maximum intensities of UDs are correlated with the mean umbral intensity. However, we do not find any significant relationship between the mean (and maximum) intensity and effective diameter of UDs and the sunspot area, epoch, and decay rate. We suggest that this lack of relation could be due to either the distinct transition of spatial scales associated with overturning convection in the umbra or the shallow depth associated with UDs, or both.
MALS–NOT: Identifying Radio-bright Quasars for the MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey
Authors: Krogager J.-K. , Gupta N. , Noterdaeme P. , Ranjan A. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Srianand R. , Petitjean P. , Combes F. , Mahabal A.
Published: March 2018

We present a preparatory spectroscopic survey to identify radio-bright, high-redshift quasars for the MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey. The candidates have been selected on the basis of a single flux density limit at 1.4 GHz (>200 mJy), together with mid-infrared color criteria from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Through spectroscopic observations using the Nordic Optical Telescope, we identify 72 quasars out of 99 candidates targeted. We measure the spectroscopic redshifts based on characteristic, broad emission lines present in the spectra. Of these 72 quasars, 64 and 48 objects are at sufficiently high redshift (z > 0.6 and z > 1.4) to be used for the L-band and UHF-band spectroscopic follow-up with the Square Kilometre Array precursor in South Africa: the MeerKAT.
The First Low-frequency Radio Observations of the Solar Corona on ≈200 km Long Interferometer Baseline
Authors: Mugundhan V. , Ramesh R. , Kathiravan C. , Gireesh G. V. S. , Kumari Anshu , Hariharan K. , Barve Indrajit V.
Published: March 2018

The angular size of the smallest, compact radio source that can be observed in the solar atmosphere is one of the intriguing questions in low-frequency radio astronomy. This is important to understand density turbulence in the solar corona and the related angular broadening of the radio source sizes. We used a two-element interferometer with a baseline length of ≈200 km, operating at ≈53 MHz to infer the above limit. Our results indicate that radio sources of angular size ≤15″ exist in the solar corona, where radio emission at the above frequency also originates.
A criança e seu fascínio pelo mundo digital: o que o discurso nos revela
Authors: Falcão Patricia Mirella de Paulo , Mill Daniel
Published: March 2018

As tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) passaram a fazer parte rotineiramente da vida social. As crianças estão fortemente expostas a tais tecnologias, demonstrando aparente domínio, mas desconhecendo o sentido de vigilância a que podem estar sendo submetidas. Sendo assim, buscamos refletir a temática crianças e tecnologias digitais sobre o aspecto de conceitos de vigilância estudados pelo filósofo Michael Focault e também presentes na obra “1984” de George Orwell. Entrevistamos 236 crianças entre 9 e 11 anos, objetivando identificar e analisar seus conhecimentos sobre tais tecnologias. Ao final, apresentamos dados que demonstram haver um forte discurso tecnológico, não tão fiel a realidade do conhecimento por parte destas. Concluímos que há grande grau de dependência tecnológica, exposição excessiva de sua identidade e principalmente a falta de introdução ao mundo digital de maneira consciente, através de ensino assistido e reflexivo.
IPhone, Android, e a consolidação da cultura do smartphone: o papel do IPhone e do Sistema Operacional Android como catalisadores da consolidação no mercado de smartphones em escala global
Authors: Queiroz Leonardo Rossatto
Published: March 2018

O Smartphone é um artefato técnico com uma história peculiar, que ajuda a compreender a concentração de poder nas mãos de poucas empresas dentro do “novo capitalismo”. O objetivo desse artigo é revisitar a história da evolução do Smartphone, com especial atenção acerca das inovações introduzidas pelo IPhone e pelos dispositivos com sistema operacional Android, e refletir sobre algumas consequências do desenvolvimento do aparelho sob a lógica do controle do mercado mundial por poucas empresas, que atuam para manter sua posição favorável em um mercado que tem proporcionado lucros bilionários.
Prática tecnológica e tecnologia social: um estudo a partir dos pressupostos teóricos da construção social da tecnologia
Authors: Gapinski Ecinoely Francine Przybycz , Freitas Carlos Cesar Garcia , Gonzaga Carlos Alberto Marçal , Fujinaga Cristina Ide
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo buscou aproximar as temáticas Construção Social da Tecnologia e Tecnologia Social, mediante identificação e análise dos componentes da prática tecnológica em um projeto de Tecnologia Social.  Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de análise documental e entrevista. Como destaque metodológico foi utilizada como abordagem de análise a teoria da Construção Social da Tecnologia. Entre os resultados destaca-se que o uso dos componentes da prática tecnológica são um importante recurso teórico para análise do fenômeno desenvolvimento tecnológico, pois permite maior profundidade de julgamento, em especial à Tecnologia Social que se caracteriza em essência por um processo de construção social.
Regarder ailleurs pour rendre visible chez soi
Authors: Jouan Adrien
Published: March 2018

La comparaison des sociétés est une activité ordinaire, dont la pratique s’observe bien au-delà de ses usages savants. À partir de l’étude ethnographique d’une mobilisation pour le droit à l’éducation des enfants sans-papiers au Québec, cet article se penche sur des usages militants de la comparaison. Il montre en particulier le rôle crucial que celle-ci a joué dans la construction du problème public de la scolarisation des enfants sans-papiers au Québec. Qu’il s’agisse de sensibiliser des publics, de définir les problèmes, de les donner à voir, d’échafauder des plans d’action ou de monter des argumentaires convaincants, la référence aux expériences étrangères (françaises, américaines et ontariennes notamment) est centrale. Ses usages se heurtent cependant à des enjeux de comparabilité qui ne sont pas sans faire penser à ceux rencontrés par les chercheurs en sciences sociales. Le « comparatisme militant » se trouve ainsi au cœur de processus de diffusion et de circulation des causes et des problèmes publics d’un espace social et national à un autre.
Une histoire banale et unique à la fois
Authors: Arveiller Jean-Paul
Published: March 2018

Deux personnes qui se sont connues au sein de la psychiatrie, se sont reconnues, appréciées, aimées…Elles témoignent ici de leur histoire qui tend à prouver que la vie de couple, dans leur cas, constitue davantage un étayage réciproque et quotidien, qu’une difficulté supplémentaire pour vivre ses fragilités.
Clinical Results of Fixed-Bearing and Rotating-Platform Total Knee Prostheses
Authors: Kim Young-Hoo , Park Jang-Won , Kim Jun-Shik
Published: March 2018

Inconsistent results have been reported for posterior-stabilized fixed-bearing and rotating-platform total knee prostheses. The authors sought to determine whether the design changes of these prostheses had led to their achieving their intended objectives at minimum 10-year follow-up. Furthermore, the authors sought to delineate the specific features of these knee prostheses to which good outcomes are attributed. One hundred patients (mean age, 66.2 years) were included in this study. Mean follow-up was 10.4 years (range, 10–11 years). The patients were assessed clinically and radiographically with the Knee Society clinical rating system. In addition, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire was used and the University of California at Los Angeles activity scores were determined preoperatively and at each follow-up visit. The mean Knee Society knee score was 90 points (range, 70–100 points) in the fixed-bearing group and 92 points (range, 75–100 points) in the rotating-platform group at final follow-up. Mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score was 16 points (range, 5–46 points) in the fixed-bearing group and 16 points (range, 6–49 points) in the rotating-platform group. Mean University of California at Los Angeles activity score was 6.5 points (range, 4–10 points) at final follow-up in both groups. No knee had aseptic loosening of the components, and neither group had osteolysis. The predicted implant survival at 10.4 years was 99% as the endpoint of any reoperation in both groups. The findings of this study suggest that cemented posterior-stabilized fixed-bearing and rotating-platform prostheses have favorable clinical and radiographic results. [
Orthopedics.
2018; 41(2):88–94.]
THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF PANELS WITH HIGH DENSITY, RANDOMLY ORIENTED STRAW BALES
Authors: Seitz Sarah , Beaudry Kyle , MacDougall Colin
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the hot-box testing (based on ASTM C1363-11) of seven straw bale wall panels to obtain their thermal conductivity values. All panels were constructed with stacked bales and cement-lime plaster skins on each side of the bales. Four panels were made with traditional, 2-string field bales of densities ranging from 89.5 kg/m3–131 kg/m3 and with the bales on-edge (fibres perpendicular to the heat flow). Three panels were made with manufactured high-density bales (291 kg/m3–372 kg/m3). The fibres of the manufactured bales were randomly oriented.

The key conclusion of this paper is that within the experimental error, there is no difference in the thermal conductivity value for panels using normal density bales and manufactured high density bales up to a density of 333 kg/m3. However, because of lack of precision of the hot-box, no conclusions can be made on the true thermal conductivity of the high density bale panels. In addition, the panels tested were found to have significant voids between bales, and this is believed to have contributed to higher measured thermal conductivity values compared to those reported in the literature for normal density bale panels. Thermal properties may be affected for bales with higher densities than 333 kg/m3, therefore further testing is suggested.
SEMI-TIERED HOUSING FOR LATERITE EARTH SLOPING LANDS—A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION WITH ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS AND METHODS
Authors: Jayasinghe M.T.R. , Jayasinghe C. , Kariyawasam K.K.G.K.D. , De Silva L.I.N.
Published: March 2018

Increased demand for affordable housing and the limited availability of flat terrain for its construction are two major problems facing the provision of houses of acceptable quality in many countries around the world. There is limited research integrating the utilization of a stepped approach to sloping terrain with appropriate housing models to minimize slope instability potential. This paper introduces a new semi-tiered housing model where the footprint of the house is located on tiers prepared with short vertical cuts of 1.5–2m. Such vertical cuts are found to be stable with laterite soil which is a commonly available type of soil in the tropics. The excess soil generated from cut material was transformed into cement stabilized rammed earth, which is a cost effective material with low embodied energy. This is an ideal candidate for the construction of retaining walls and foundations, and such applications are demonstrated with adequate details. Further, many other types of sustainable building materials are highlighted with a case study of this housing model in a scheme of 13 housing units in Sri Lanka. The attention to detail required in construction and the applicability of alternative building materials and methods to improve the sustainability of such houses have been discussed in detail. These semi-tiered houses have the potential to address many of the current construction challenges.
GREY WATER RECYCLING FOR REUSE IN TOILET FLUSHING: A CASE STUDY IN THAILAND
Authors: Taemthong Wannawit
Published: March 2018

Grey water from washbasins represents the least polluted source of waste water in households and buildings. This research study investigated three alternatives in recycling grey water from washbasins for reuse in toilet flushing systems. Grey water was collected from the washbasins of a nine-storey university building. The water was treated employing three distinct treatment systems in order to determine the most appropriate system when reusing such water in flushing systems. The grey water treatment systems under scrutiny were composed of a sedimentation tank, a 24-hour aeration tank and a sand and carbon filtering tank, functioning in conjunction with a final sedimentation tank. The water quality from the selected treatment system had TSS, BOD5, and Turbidity measures of 1.67 mg/l, 3.33 mg/l, and 3.33 NTU, respectively. Fecal coliform bacteria and E. Coli were not found in the treated water. Efficiency measures in reducing TSS, BOD5, and Turbidity were 93%, 75%, and 91%, respectively. Fifty-five toilet users were interviewed during the experiment, sixty nine percent of which reported that the recycled water was comparable to tap water. In conclusion, this research recommends treating grey water from washbasins and reusing it in flushing systems in order to deploy water more efficiently in buildings.
Les députées blogueuses, des hommes politiques comme les autres ?
Authors: Neihouser Marie
Published: March 2018

L’auteure s’appuie sur un panel exhaustif de blogues politiques français (3 509 sites). Une qualification fine des caractéristiques sociodémographiques des blogueurs, de la politisation de chaque blogueur et d’un ensemble de données attachées à chaque blogue et à l’activité numérique de chaque blogueur a permis d’isoler les blogues en fonction de la position et de l’orientation politique de leurs auteurs. Au total, l’étude porte sur un total de 120 blogues de députées et 312 blogues de députés. À contre-courant des thèses différentialistes en vigueur, l’auteure constate que les députés hommes et femmes ont des pratiques de blogage globalement similaires.
Local Food and Fitness
Authors: Ohara Sabine Ursula , Milton Ashley D. , Jeffery Tia D.
Published: March 2018

The 11th Street Bridge Park is an ambitious project that will connect Washington DC Wards 6 and 8 by replacing a retired bridge across the Anacostia River. The new 11th Street Bridge will be the city's first elevated public park built on the piers of the old bridge. The Bridge Park will feature local food, recreation, health, and the arts. The UDC College of Agriculture, Urban Sustainability, and Environmental Sciences (CAUSES) is a key partner in the project and has worked with community groups to anchor the bridge park through community gardens, food production workshops, and nutrition classes. Over 200 raised bed gardens have been built, and Ward 6 and 8 residents have learned to grow and prepare food. While the Bridge Park builds a physical bridge, the community work of CAUSES brings the social and cultural aspects of the project into focus. This chapter describes the transformative work of empowering urban residents to grow food and to use their local expertise in collaboration with CAUSES land-grant specialists to improve their economic condition and adopt healthier lifestyles.
Diabetes Diagnosis System Based on Support Vector Machines Trained by Vortex Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Cankaya Sadi Fuat , Cankaya Ibrahim Arda , Yigit Tuncay , Koyun Arif
Published: March 2018

Artificial intelligence is widely enrolled in different types of real-world problems. In this context, developing diagnosis-based systems is one of the most popular research interests. Considering medical service purposes, using such systems has enabled doctors and other individuals taking roles in medical services to take instant, efficient expert support from computers. One cannot deny that intelligent systems are able to make diagnosis over any type of disease. That just depends on decision-making infrastructure of the formed intelligent diagnosis system. In the context of the explanations, this chapter introduces a diagnosis system formed by support vector machines (SVM) trained by vortex optimization algorithm (VOA). As a continuation of previously done works, the research considered here aims to diagnose diabetes. The chapter briefly gives information about details of the system and findings reached after using the developed system.
Towards Intelligent Human Behavior Detection for Video Surveillance
Authors: Nigam Swati , Singh Rajiv , Misra A. K.
Published: March 2018

Computer vision techniques are capable of detecting human behavior from video sequences. Several state-of-the-art techniques have been proposed for human behavior detection and analysis. However, a collective framework is always required for intelligent human behavior analysis. Therefore, in this chapter, the authors provide a comprehensive understanding towards human behavior detection approaches. The framework of this chapter is based on human detection, human tracking, and human activity recognition, as these are the basic steps of human behavior detection process. The authors provide a detailed discussion over the human behavior detection framework and discuss the feature-descriptor-based approach. Furthermore, they have provided qualitative and quantitative analysis for the detection framework and demonstrate the results for human detection, human tracking, and human activity recognition.
Phase Transition and Microstructure Development of BaTiO3 by Thermal Development of BaTiO3 by Thermal Decomposition Method
Authors: Suntaropas Sudarath , Thonglor Panakamon , Albutt Naphat
Published: March 2018

The thermal decomposition was used to prepare BaTiO3 powders. Using BaCO3 and TiO2 powders as precursors and heat treatment in the temperature range of 600-1000 °C for 6 hr. The final product (BaTiO3) proceeds through a trace amount of Ba2TiO4. The phase transformation was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as a function of sintering temperature. The results show that the microstructures of BaTiO3 were developed during sintering at different temperature. In additional, the particle growth of BaCO3 and TiO2 are the major factors to affect of the particle growth mechanism.
Immobilization of Peroxidase from Cauliflower Stem on Ultrafiltration Membrane for Phenol Removal
Authors: Ratanapongleka Karnika , Onsarn Apinya
Published: March 2018

The aim of this work is to investigate phenol removal by immobilized peroxidase extracted from cauliflower stem. Peroxidase was partially purified by membrane filtration and diafiltration. Almost four-fold increase in the measured activity of partially purified peroxidase was obtained. The enzyme was then immobilized on to the surface of regenerated cellulose ultrafiltration membrane (molecular weight cut-off 30 kDa) using a dead-end filtration unit. Three different immobilization methods (physical adsorption, cross-linking and covalent-bonding using glutaraldehyde as a membrane activator) were tested. The immobilization and enzymatic reaction efficiency were evaluated in terms of the immobilization yield, the enzyme leakage from the system, the phenol removal and the permeate flux. Results showed that the immobilization methods did not much affect the permeate flux of the membrane. The peroxidase immobilization by covalent-bonding on regenerated cellulose membrane produced the highest immobilization yield and the lowest enzyme leakage. The immobilized enzymatic reaction efficiency on phenol removal was 100% at operational time 60 min and reduced to 96.4% at 600 min.
Determination of Contaminated Heavy Metals in Lacquer Thinner
Authors: Chansuvarn Woravith , Jainae Kunawoot
Published: March 2018

The aim of this work needed to discover the problem of lacquer thinner products claimed with dissatisfying the quality of coating and color appearance. The trace metals produced cans was focused on release to solvents. The contaminated trace metals including Fe, Sn, Cu, and Zn in lacquer thinner were also determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The lacquer thinner samples were simply carbonized to be ashes by furnace muffle at 550°C for 8 hours. The carbonized ashes were then also digested by conventional wet digestion with concentrated nitric acid until a clear solution was archived. Twenty samples of lacquer thinner were achieved from the paint manufacturer. The content of Fe, Sn, Cu, and Zn was found in the range of 0.0631-77.190 mg/kg, ND-12.613 mg/kg, ND-1.4679 mg/kg, and ND-0.4028 mg/kg, respectively. The result of high concentration of Fe related to the appearance of lacquer thinner color. The evidence of released heavy metals in the ashes of lacquer thinner samples was evaluated by X-ray fluorescence technique. The result of this work was concluded that the contaminated trace metals in the suspected lacquer thinner samples were leached from the metallic package.
Determination of Mass Attenuation Coefficients of Cement Paste Containing Ilmenite and Barite for γ-Rays
Authors: Jaiyen Sarawut , Phunpueok Akapong , Potong Ruamporn
Published: March 2018

The gamma ray shielding properties of cement paste containing ilmenite and barite (BaSO4) at different concentration were investigated using beam transmission method for 59.5 keV gamma ray energy of 241Am radioactive isotopes by using NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The mass attenuation coefficients (μm) of these shielding materials were calculated. It was found that the mass attenuation coefficients increase with increasing of ilmenite and barite content up to a value of 60% by weight. The highest value of μm was 0.425 ± 0.003 cm2/g for cement paste containing ilmenite and 1.598 ± 0.039 cm2/g for the cement paste containing barite. The mass attenuation coefficient values were compared between cement pasted containing ilmenite and barite. The result show that cement paste containing barite showed good gamma ray shielding performances than that for the cement paste containing ilmenite.
Fabrication and Properties of Panicum repens Reinforced Cement
Authors: Boonyaroj Varinthorn , Saramanus Sirichai
Published: March 2018

This research aims to fabrication and evaluation the properties of cement reinforcement made from Panicumrepens. The research is divided into two parts are as follows; to determined the optimal ratio selection, and to compare the properties of Panicumrepens reinforced cement, and without grasses by using the optimal ratio. The raw materials used in this research were cut in length of 2.0-2.5 cm. In this research was determined the properties of Panicumrepens reinforced cement in terms of bulk density, water absorption, and compressive strength. The influence of fibers soaked with 5% of sodium hydroxide concentration was also conducted in this research. The surface structure and chemical characteristics of fibers used to produce reinforced cement were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Moreover, relationships of information collected from this research were concerned. Furthermore, the addition of Panicumrepens fibers could improve the flexural strength of composite materials.
The Initial Perturbation for Mesoscale Predictability
Authors: Saiuparad Sunisa
Published: March 2018

The initial conditions and the effective models are important for weather prediction. The efficiency of the forecast depends on the initial conditions. There are many processes that are used to generate the initial conditions, in this research will be generate the initial conditions by the regular perturbation method because it can be used to the big data for weather prediction. The weathers prediction by the single level primitive equation model (SILEPE). The data used in this study from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The forecast error between observed data and forecast data used to the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD). The results to show that the regular perturbation method can be used to generate the initial conditions for the northeast monsoon prediction on 4 days forecast.
An Approach to Development of Manufacturing Data Report According to International Standards
Authors: Singhatham Papatsorn , Singhatham Chokchai , Panya Niphaporn , Pukjaroon Salakchit
Published: March 2018

The research purposes to design, analyze and build a report (MDR) integrity. To use as the MDR prototype in accordance with international standards for industrial factories. The MDR is important to the operator of equipment, the factories, and petrochemical industry because of it is an index for the quality assurance, quality control of fabrication and planning of maintenance management (material upgrade/ equipment change) for safety during equipment operation. When the equipment has a problem we can check for cause from the fabrication history data on MDR. A survey was developed for people concerned with the MDR, totaling 141 people from 58 factories in Thailand industrial sector for find out the demands and problems on using the MDR. The result shows that preparation of the MDR can cost more than a week of time, with no clear pattern of standard format and require manpower more than 3 peoples. In summary, the development of the MDR prototype by comparative data between, the manufacturer, the Ministry of Industry of Thailand and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The specialists who have the experience in the MDR to determine the completeness and validate all content in the MDR 15 chapters.
Electrostriction of Dielectric Elastomer Based on Natural Rubber/Graphene Composites for Actuator Applications
Authors: Jaaoh Darika , Jarawae Roseleena , Intan Maimoon , Chaidana Huseng
Published: March 2018

The combination of elastic natural rubber (NR) and conductive graphene were assessed for such improved electromechanical properties that are promising material in an actuator applications. For this work, dielectric elastomer composite films were prepared with varied graphene contents. These films were fabricated by solution casting method. The morphology along with electrical and mechanical properties, and specifically the electrostrictive coefficient, were studied. The electrostrictive behavior was determined from electric field induced strain, observed with a photonic displacement apparatus in the film thickness direction. It is shown that the electrostrictive coefficient for the NR/Graphene composite has already raised over 3.7 times compared to the neat natural rubber by the reason of an interfacial polarization. The surface between NR matrix and graphene filler generates the larger permittivity. Meanwhile, the Young's modulus was quite invariant. Consequently, the enlarging of the electrostrictive coefficient under low electric field of the NR/Graphene composites is representing a potentially good actuation response base on the electrostriction phenomena.
Complete Phase Change of Y2NiMnO6 Ceramics Doped with TiO2 at High Temperature
Authors: Albutt Naphat , Pechprasarn Suejit , Sawekwiharee Sangwoei , Kuttiyawong Anchana , Thonglor Panakamon , Sareein Thanapong
Published: March 2018

Determining the structure of ceramic materials is essential in order to fully characterize the electrical properties and improve existing materials. YMNO ceramics (Y2NiMnO6) prepared by compression and sintering were doped with TiO2 and analyzed using XRD and SEM. The calcined sample prior to sintering contained phases of the YMNO double perovskite and TiO2. Following sintering at 1400°C, the perovskite structure was replaced by Y2Ti2O7 fcc structure, and the grain size was found to increase with sintering time up to 18 hours. This sets a limit to the amount of TiO2 which can be used to successfully dope the YMNO ceramic.
The Acoustic Impedance and other Properties of (1-3) Piezoceramics Polymer Composite
Authors: Tunkasiri Tawee , Tontrakoon Jerapong , Rujijanagul Gobwute , Intatha Uraiwan , Pengpat Kamonpan , Sutjarittangtham Krit , Leenakul Wilaiwan , Eitssayeam Sukum
Published: March 2018

The work is focused on an attempt to develop a route for the fabrication of piezoceamic-polymer composites having (1-3) type connectivity. The process included the extrusion of rods of diameter approximately 200 mm. A commercial piezoelectric, PC-5 was modified by addition of a lithium/bismuth based glass former together with excess PbO to lower the sintering temperature to about 1000 °C. The fast firing sintering was employed. The rods were assembled and impregnated with an epoxy resin to form 1-3 composites containing approximately 50 and 20 vol% piezoceramic. The measurement values showed that, the piezoelectric constant, d33= 232 pCN-1and 215 pCN-1, thickness electromechanical coupling coefficient, kt= 0.51 and 0.5 and the mechanical quality factor, Qm= 14 and 5 for the composites containg PZT rods at 50 vol% and 20 vol% respectively. Their acoustic impedances were 5.1 and 3.6 for the 50 vol% and 20 vol% of PZT rods respectively. The results show that with lower volume% of PZT could result in lower acoustic impedance which can be further improved for biomedical imaging and hydrophone applications.
Correlation and Multiple Regression Model for Economic Traits of Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Upland Rice System
Authors: Kajonphol Tanaporn , Seetaput Nipaporn , Precharattana Monamorn , Sangsiri Chontira
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted to stabilize the correlation parameter for economic traits of local rice (Oryza sativa L.). The results revealed that the number of tiller (NT) was positively correlated with plant height (PH, r = 0.55211), number of panicle (NP, r = 0.48390), panicle length (PL, r = 0.31181), seed length (SL, r = 0.33430), total seed weight (TSW, r = 0.28122), however, the negatively correlated with seed width (SW, r = -0.26725). Plant height (PH) was negatively correlated with seed width (SW, r = -0.42971) and 100 seed weight (HS, r = -0.28991). Number of panicle (NP) was positively correlated with panicle length (PL, r = 0.32888) and total seed weight (TSW = 0.75128). Panicle length (PL) was positively correlated with number of seed (NS, r = 0.38332), seed length (SL, r = 0.53582) and total seed weight (TSW, r = 0.51078). Number of seed (NS) was positively correlated with total seed weight (TS, r = 0.54696). Seed length (SL) was positively correlated with 100 seed weight (HS, r = 0.46799) and total seed weight (TSW, r = 0.33826). Seed width (SW) was positively correlated with 100 seed weight (HS, r = 0.66074). In this experiment, multiple regression formula was Y(TSW) = -51.31 + 0.045(PH) + 2.77(NP) + 0.21(NS) + 8.88(HS) with R2 = 0.5644. Our results represent the relationship among traits and making for design a crop model in rice planting system.
Interdiffusion, Reactions, and Phase Transformations Observed during Fabrication of Low Enriched Uranium Monolithic Fuel System for Research and Test Reactors
Authors: Newell Ryan , Mehta Abhishek , Park Young Joo , Keiser Jr. Dennis D. , Sohn Yong Ho
Published: March 2018

Monolithic fuel plates have been developed utilizing low enriched U alloyed with 10 wt.% Mo to replace highly enriched fuels in research and test reactors, in accordance with the goals of the Materials Management and Minimization Reactor Conversion Program. The fuel plates consist of U10Mo fuel, Zr diffusion barrier, and AA6061 cladding. They are fabricated by co-rolling the U10Mo and Zr, which are then encapsulated via hot isostatic pressing of the entire U10Mo/Zr/AA6061 assembly. During fabrication, the metal constituents of the fuel plates undergo phase transformations as well as interdiffusion and reactions at interfaces. The areas of interest are the U10Mo fuel, U10Mo/Zr interface, U10Mo/AA6061 interface, Zr/AA6061 interface, and AA6061-AA6061 bond line. Knowledge of the transformations and growth in the plates is necessary to optimize fabrication parameters and predict behavior as they relate to irradiation performance. Numerous studies have been conducted to analyze these reactions in monolithic fuel plates, and a summary of their observations is provided in this paper.
Formation of Intermediate Phases and Supersaturated Solid Solution in Al-Cu System during Diffusion
Authors: Rodin Alexey , Goreslavets Nataliya
Published: March 2018

The study of diffusion processes in the aluminum - copper system was carried out at the temperature 350 and 520 °C. Special attention was paid on the chemical composition of the system near Al/Cu interface. It was determined that the intermediate phases in the system, corresponding to the equilibrium phase diagram, were not formed at low temperature. At high temperature the intermediate phases forms starting with Cu - rich phases. In both cases supersaturated solid solution of copper in aluminum could be observed near the interface.
A Coupling Interface between Phase-Field Model with Finite Interface Dissipation and CALPHAD Thermodynamic and Atomic Mobility Databases
Authors: Zhong Jing , Wang Kai , Zhang Li Jun
Published: March 2018

A coupling interface between phase-field model with finite interface dissipation and the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) thermodynamic and atomic mobility databases is developed. It robotizes the procedures that provides the composition and temperature dependent properties in multicomponent and multi-phase systems. Based on the developed coupling interface, different CALPHAD properties can be directly coupling in the phase-field simulation.
Spinodal Decomposition in Nanoparticles - Experiments and Simulation
Authors: Gajdics Bence D. , Tomán János J. , Misják Fanni , Radnóczi György , Erdélyi Zoltán
Published: March 2018

For revealing internal atomic processes in bimetallic nanoparticles, individual hemispherical Ag-Cu alloy particles were grown by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. Phase separation of particles was found to be size- and composition-dependent. Particles smaller than 5 nm in diameter remained as a solid solution of the components for all tested compositions (15-80 at.% Ag). At 15 and 30 at.% Ag compositions phase separation was observed only for particles above 5 nm in diameter. Computer simulations by Stochastic Kinetic Mean Field model reproduced the size-dependence of the decomposition and the internal structure of two-phase particles. Theoretical explanation is given for the composition dependence of the phase separation tendency.
Investigation of Lithium Sorption Efficiency Using SWCNT Functionalized Electrospun Fiber Mats from the Hypersaline Geothermal Brine
Authors: Çelik Aslı , Topçu Gökhan , Isik Tuğba , Baba Alper , Horzum Nesrin , Demir Mustafa M.
Published: March 2018

Geothermal mining from brines becomes increasingly important with the increasing demand for rare earth elements in various engineering applications. Geothermal fluids contain valuable minerals and metals such as silica, zinc, lithium, and other materials that can be processed to recover these products. Solution mining by nature is challenging because of variable composition as well as the concentration of the interfering ions, particularly calcium and magnesium, and the presence of interfering ions increases the recovery costs requiring additional steps. The aim of this study is the fabrication of single-walled carbon nanotube functionalized electrospun chitosan, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber mats. Effect of polymer type, dilution factor, and surface modification on the sorption of lithium ( QUOTE ) ions was investigated. The maximum sorption performance was obtained with SWCNT functionalized PAN (15 wt%) fiber mats and they have sorption percentage as 55% at diluted (1/100) brine samples.