bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TLR Agonists Enhance HIV-Specific T-Cell Response Mediated by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Diverse HIV-1 Disease Progression Phenotypes
Authors: Jimenez-Leon Maria Reyes , Gasca-Capote Carmen , Tarancon-Diez Laura , Dominguez-Molina Beatriz , Lopez-Verdugo Macarena , Ritraj Ryan , Alvarez-Rios Ana Isabel , Vitallé Joana , Bachiller Sara , Pérez-Gómez Alberto , Espinosa Nuria , Roca-Oporto Cristina , Benhnia Mohamed Rafii-El-Idrissi , Gutierrez-Valencia Alicia , López-Cortés Luis Fernando , Ruiz-Mateos Ezequiel
Published: July 2022

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) sense microbial products through TLR-7 and -9 and translate this sensing in Interferon-α (IFN-α) production and T-cell polarization. The understanding of the mechanisms involved in pDCs stimulation may contribute to immunotherapeutic strategies aiming to decrease HIV-1 reservoir. Here, we characterize the immunomodulatory effects of TLR agonist stimulations through a pDC/T-cell coculture in different HIV-1 disease progression phenotypes and healthy donors (HD). pDCs were previously stimulated with AT-2-HIV-1, CpGA, CpGC and GS9620. After coculture with autologous CD4 or CD8 T-cells we observed an increase of pDCs activation markers levels, interferon related genes, HIV-1 restriction factors and cytokines levels. This pDCs coordinate activation was prominent with CpGC and GS9620 and induced an increase of HIV-specific T-cell response. These results shed light on the mechanisms associated with TLR-specific pDCs stimulation associated with T cell polarization for eliciting antiviral response which is essential for HIV eradication strategies.
Generalizability and Performance of Methods to Detect Non-Wear with Free-Living Accelerometer Recordings
Authors: Skovgaard Esben Lykke , Roswall Malthe Andreas , Pedersen Natascha Holbaek , Larsen Kristian Traberg , Grøntved Anders , Brønd Jan Christian
Published: July 2022

Wearable physical activity sensors are widely used in research and practice as they provide objective measures of human behavior at a low cost. An important challenge for accurate assessment in free-living is the detection non-wear. Traditionally, heuristic algorithms that rely on specific interval lengths have been employed to detect non-wear time; however, machine learned models are emerging. We explore the potential of detecting non-wear using decision trees that combine raw acceleration and skin temperature, and we investigate the generalizability of our models, traditional heuristic algorithms, and recently developed machine learned models. The Decision tree models were trained using one week of data from thigh- and hip-worn accelerometers from 64 children. External validation was performed using data from wrist-worn accelerometers of 42 adolescents. For non-wear episodes longer than 60 minutes, the heuristic algorithms performed the best with F1-scores above 0.96. However, regarding episodes shorter than 60 minutes, the best performing method was the decision tree model including the six most important predictors with F1 scores above 0.74 for all sensor locations. We conclude that for classifying non-wear time, researchers should carefully select an appropriate method and we encourage the use of external validation when reporting on machine learned non-wear models.
Microstructure and color stability of calcium silicate-based dental materials exposed to blood or platelet-rich fibrin
Authors: Shokouhinejad Noushin , Tahun Ibrahim Abu , Tahan Shima Saber , Mohandes Fatemeh , Nekoofar Mohammad H. , Dummer Paul M.H.
Published: July 2022

Objectives To investigate the effects of blood and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the hydration, microstructure, and color stability of three hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs), OrthoMTA, RetroMTA, and TotalFill-BC-RRM. Materials and methods The HCSCs were prepared and placed into polyethene molds and transferred to Eppendorf tubes containing PRF, blood, or PBS then incubated for 1 week or 1 month. The microstructure and hydration of the cements were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The chromatic alteration of materials was also measured using a spectrophotometer. The data for color stability were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance. Results There was no significant difference between the color stability of cements exposed to PBS (p > 0.05). The chromatic alteration of cements exposed to blood was significantly greater than those exposed to PRF and PBS (p < 0.001). In the presence of blood and PRF, the color change of OrthoMTA was significantly greater than that of RetroMTA and TotalFill (p < 0.05), with no significant difference between RetroMTA and TotalFill (p > 0.05). XRD analysis of all cements, revealed a calcium hydroxide peak after 1-week and 1-month exposure to the media; however, OrthoMTA and TotalFill exposed to blood and PRF for 1 month were associated with a reduction of the calcium hydroxide peak. SEM images revealed cements exposed to PBS had a different surface microstructure compared to those exposed to blood and PRF. Furthermore, the surface microstructure of HCSCs was influenced by the type of cement radiopacifier (bismuth oxide or zirconium oxide). EDS analysis of the elemental composition in all groups displayed peaks of Ca, O, C, Si, P and Al. Conclusions Color stability, hydration behavior and microstructure of HCSCs were affected by exposure to PRF and blood and the type of cement radiopacifier.Clinical relevance As some important physicochemical properties of HCSCs could be influenced by the environmental conditions and the type of radiopacifier, alternatives to blood clot and HCSCs containing substitutes for bismuth oxide might be more suitable in RETs.
Adaptive strategies to increase fitness after thermal stress in the reef-building coral Acropora
Authors: Hazraty-Kari Sanaz , Tavakoli-Kolour Parviz , Kitanobo Seiya , Nakamura Takashi , Morita Masaya
Published: July 2022

Elevated temperatures cause coral bleaching and reef degradation. However, coral may have strategies to survive for the next generation. We examined thermal stress's direct and carryover effects on fecundity and fitness in the reef-building coral, Acropora tenuis. Fragments from the same colony were subjected to control temperature (28 °C) or heat stress (31 °C) to cause bleaching. We then examined the fecundity of adults (egg number and size) and the thermal tolerance of larvae (larval survival and settlement rates) and juveniles to evaluate the fitness of stressed corals. As a result of bleaching, the thermal stress-induced changes in egg production by adults led to increased larval production and potentially higher rates of survival for larvae and juveniles. In addition, symbiotic relationships may assist the survival of larval stages with lower lipid content. Collectively, heat-vulnerable corals have developed adaptive strategies that may help them deal with the challenges of global warming.
A cross-sectional study of burnout among Australian general practice registrars
Authors: Hoffman Rebekah , Mullan Judy , Bonney Andrew
Published: July 2022

Objective(s): To identify if gender and parenting factors are associated with burnout in Australian general practice (GP) registrars.Design: Cross sectional study. The main outcome measure was the Maslach Burnout Inventory, included as part of the GPRA (General Practice Registrars Australia) biannual online survey.Participants: GP registrars, 2019 cohort, undertaking fellowship training in Australia Results: In 2019 a total of 366 GP registrars completed the online survey. Over 75% of registrars experienced moderate to high levels of burnout (emotional exhaustion scale). Several demographic factors were associated with an increased risk for reporting higher levels of burnout. Increasing age was associated with lower levels of personal accomplishment (P-value <0.01), being female was associated with higher levels of emotional exhaustion (p-value <0.001) and increasing numbers of children were associated with lower levels of burnout, independent of hours worked (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that being a parent is associated with a reduced risk of burnout, irrespective of hours worked. However, being female and increased age were associated with increased levels of burnout. With increasing numbers of females entering medical training, and the decreasing desirability of general practice training, this paper examines the complexities around parenting during training and associations with burnout. There is a need to examine this interaction further to understand the causation for these findings, and to ensure appropriate policies, opportunities and workplace supports are developed to ensure GP training is optimised to attract and support the next generation.
Spatial and temporal correlations in human cortex are inherently linked, predicted by functional hierarchy, vigilance state and antiepileptic drug load
Authors: Meisel Christian , Müller Paul
Published: July 2022

The ability of neural circuits to integrate information over time and across different cortical areas is believed an essential ingredient for information processing in the brain. Temporal and spatial correlations in cortex dynamics have independently been shown to capture these integration properties in task-dependent ways. A fundamental question remains if temporal and spatial integration properties are linked and what internal and external factors shape these correlations. Previous research on spatio-temporal correlations has been limited in duration and coverage, thus providing only an incomplete picture of their interdependence and variability. Here, we use long-term invasive EEG data to comprehensively map temporal and spatial correlations according to cortical topography, vigilance state and drug dependence over extended periods of time. We show that temporal and spatial correlations in cortical networks are intimately linked, decline under antiepileptic drug action, and break down during slow-wave sleep. Further, we report temporal correlations in human electrophysiology signals to increase with the functional hierarchy in cortex. Systematic investigation alongside neural network modelling links these findings to dynamics being poised near a critical point. Our results provide novel mechanistic and functional links between specific measurable changes in the network dynamics relevant for characterizing the brain’s changing information processing capabilities.
Microtissue-Based Bioink as A Chondrocyte Micro-Shelter for DLP Bioprinting
Authors: Xie Xinfang , Wu Shuang , Mou Shan , Guo Nengqiang , Wang Zhenxing , Sun Jiaming
Published: July 2022

Background
Bioprinting specific tissues with robust viability is a grand challenge, requiring a delicate balance between a densely cellular distribution and hydrogel network crosslinking density. Microtissues composed of tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) particles provide an alternative scheme for realizing biomimetic cell density and microenvironment. Nevertheless, due to their instability during manufacturing, scarce efforts have been made to date to assemble them using rapid prototyping methods. Here, we introduce a novel microtissue bioink with well printability and cellular viability maintenance for digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting. Generally, the microtissue bioink was prepared by crosslinking acellular matrix microparticles and methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel with a specific proportion. Our microtissue composite bioink for DLP printing not only enables accurate assembly of organ building blocks but also provides a three-dimensional shelter to ensure printed cells' viability.
Methods
We first determined chondrocyte and stem cell characteristics of microtia chondrocytes extracted from abandoned microtia-tissue samples. Cartilage acellular matrix (CAM) was decellularized from porcine ear cartilage tissue, then lyophilized, quickly frozen, and ground into microparticles. The microtia chondrocytes were seeded on CAM microcarriers to construct cartilage microtissues. We then prepared bioink for DLP bioprinting by mixing the microtissues with GelMA solution, then cultured the constructs in vitro for 20 days and in vivo for 12 weeks, respectively.
Results
When CAM particle size ranges from 0µm to 150µm, the microtissue bioink exhibits desired mechanical properties and had no significant sediment in a 3 hour time window. DLP bioprinting of cartilage microtissues mixed with GelMA can produce auricular constructs with high elasticity, high printing accuracy and low swelling ratio. A large amount of extracellular matrix deposition can be achieved after in vitro culture, and mature cartilage regeneration can be observed after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice for 12 weeks.
Conclusion
Cartilage microtissue bioinks have good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, the chondrocytes in printed ears showed obvious advantages in cell proliferation in vitro and auricular cartilage regeneration in vivo, which sheds new light on the optimization of bioink and brings novel hope for the treatment of microtia patients.
Data-driven decarbonisation pathways for reducing life cycle GHG emissions from food waste in the hospitality & food service sectors
Authors: Cheng I Kit , Leong Kin Khuin
Published: July 2022

The Hospitality and Food Service (HaFS) sectors are notoriously known for their contribution to the food waste problem. Hence, there is an urgent need to devise strategies to reduce food waste in the HaFS sectors and to decarbonise their operation to help fight hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and mitigate climate change. This study proposes three streams to decarbonise the staff cafeteria operation in an integrated resort in Macau. These include upstream optimisation to reduce unserved food waste, midstream education to raise awareness amongst staff about the impact of food choices on the climate and health, and finally downstream recognition to reduce edible plate waste using a state-of-the-art computer vision system. Technology can be an effective medium to facilitate desired behavioural change through nudging, much like how speed cameras can cause people to slow down and help save lives. The holistic and data-driven approach taken revealed great potential for organisations or institutions that offer catering services to reduce their food waste and associated carbon footprint whilst educating individuals about the intricate link between food, climate and well-being.
Validity and Reliability of the Japanese Version of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment for Patellar Tendinopathy (VISA-P-J): A prospective cohort study
Authors: Togashi Ishin , Nagao Masashi , Nishio Hirofumi , Nozu Shojiro , Shiota Yuki , Takazawa Yuji
Published: July 2022

Background
This study aimed to translate, adapt, and test the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Victorian Institute of sports assessment for patellar tendinopathy (VISA-P-J) according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN).
Methods
This prospective cohort study registered 43 participants ≥ 18 years old with a history of painful symptoms in the inferior pole of the patella to the proximal patellar tendon lasting ≥ 1 month. Pain in daily life and during sports activities, symptom classification, and patient global impression of change (PGIC) were assessed at the baseline, 1 week, and 12 weeks. The psychometric properties of the VISA-P-J were calculated according to the COSMIN.
Results
The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)2,1 for test-retest reliability was 0.87 (p < 0.01), and the standard error of measurement was 0.89. The Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was 0.81. A correlation was observed with other external criteria (p < 0.01) for criterion validity. All hypotheses of the hypothesis-testing method to evaluate construct validity and responsiveness were substantiated. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was 7 points.
Conclusion
We demonstrated that the VISA-P-J, based on the COSMIN, was a reliable, valid, and responsive assessment method for individuals with chronic pain in the patellar tendon.
Establishment of an indicator framework for Global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index based on the Grounded Theory
Authors: FENG jiaxin , Guo Zhaoyu , Ai Lin , Liu Jingshu , Zhang Xiaoxi , Cao Chunli , Xu Jing , Xia Shang , Zhou Xiaonong , Chen Jin , Li Shizhu
Published: July 2022

Background: One Health has become a global consensus to deal with complex health problems. However, the development process of One Health practice in various countries is still relatively slow, and there is a lack of systematic evaluation index. The purpose of this study was to establish an indicator framework for global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index (GOH-IDI) to evaluate human, animal and environmental health development process globally. Method: First, 82 studies were deeply analyzed by a grounded theory (GT) method, including open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, to establish a three-level indicator framework, which was composed of three first-level indicators, 19 second-level indicators, and 79 third-level indicators. Then, through semi-structured interviews with 28 health-related experts, the indicators were further integrated and simplified according to the inclusion criteria of the indicators. Finally, a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to assign weights to the indicators, thus, forming the evaluation indicator framework of human, animal and environmental health development process. Results: An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was formed consisting of three first-level indicators, 15 second-level indicators and 61 third-level indicators. There were six second-level indicators for “Human Health”, of which “Reproductive, Maternal, New-born, and Child Health” had the highest weight (20.63%) and “Health Risk” had the lowest weight (13.01%). There were four second-level indicators for “Animal Health”, of which “Animal Epidemic Disease” had the highest weight (31.87%) and “Animal Nutritional Status” had the lowest weight (17.36%). Five second-level indicators were set under “Environmental Health”, among which, “Air Quality and Climate Change” had the highest weight (23.82%) and “Hazardous Chemicals” had the lowest weight (17.52%). Conclusions: An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was established in this study. The indicators were universal, balanced, and scientific, and established a tool for scientifically measuring the development level of human, animal and environmental health in different regions globally.
Symptoms, symptom clusters and associated factors among Chinese cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Feng Lina , He Jin , Feng Li Xia , Li Yan , Li Juan , Chen Chen
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significant therapeutic effects in cancer patients. Although there are many studies on immune-related adverse events (irAEs), few studies have investigated such symptoms. The purpose of this study was to explore irAE symptoms and symptom clusters and analyse associated factors among Chinese cancer patients receiving ICI therapy.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was employed to investigate 216 Chinese cancer patients receiving ICI therapy. Participants were surveyed using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Score (ECOG PS) assessment, the ICI therapy symptom assessment scale, and demographic and disease characteristic questionnaires designed for this study. Exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to analyse the data.
Results
The most common symptoms in patients with grade 1–2 symptom severity were fatigue (57.4%), itching (34.3%) and cough (33.3%) and with grade 3–4 symptom severity were rash (7.9%), joint pain (6.9%), muscle soreness (6.5%) and fatigue (6.5%). Four symptom clusters were identified: nonspecific, musculoskeletal, respiratory and cutaneous (the cumulative contribution to the variance was 52.963%). ECOG PS, disease course and sex were significantly associated with the nonspecific symptom cluster (Adj R2 = 14.8). ECOG PS and disease course were significantly associated with the respiratory symptom cluster (Adj R2 = 8.5). ECOG PS, disease course and education level were significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptom cluster (Adj R2 = 20.2).
Conclusions
Cancer patients receiving ICI therapy experience various symptoms with apparent clustering. The factors associated with symptom clusters included sex, education level, ECOG PS and disease course. Our findings may provide a scientific basis for symptom assessment and management. Medical personnel should implement targeted strategies to promote symptom management in those receiving ICI therapy, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Directly from Blood culture Broth by Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering of Spectral Biomarkers
Authors: Han Yin-Yi , Wang Jann-Tay , Cheng Wei-Chih , Chen Ko-Lun , Chi Yi , Teng Lee-Jene , Wang Juen-Kai , Wang Yuh-Lin
Published: July 2022

Background
As effective management of sepsis requires timely administration of appropriate antibiotics, a reliable and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is crucial. To meet clinical needs, we developed a novel AST, referred to as SERS-AST, based on the surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology. SERS-AST determines antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria based on variations in bacterial SERS signals derived from secreted purines and their derivatives.
Methods
SERS-AST was applied to blood culture samples of patients with bacteremia. Eight common causative organisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii and seven most prescribed antibiotics, including oxacillin, levofloxacin, vancomycin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, levofloxacin, and imipenem were tested. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to obtain the optimal cutoff SERS signal value to determine the susceptibility of tested bacteria. The results of SERS-AST were compared with those of VITEK 2.
Results
A total of 164 bacterial isolates from blood samples were examined, and the agreement rates between SERS-AST and VITEK 2 results were 96% for Gram-positive bacteria and 97% for Gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusions
By directly assaying positive blood cultures without additional subcultures, SERS-AST can be completed within 4 hours with high accuracy. It can be an alternative AST method to provide critical information to clinicians for timely administration of appropriate antibiotics to treat patients with blood stream infections.
An Non-Invasive Brain Disease Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: A Kishore kumar , P.K Poonguzhali , A Murugarajan
Published: July 2022

Brain tumours, the most common and hostile illness, have a relatively low survival rate during their most mature stage. As a result, therapeutic planning is a critical stage in raising the standard of living of sufferers. Different imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound pictures, are frequently used to assess malignancies inside the brain, lungs, liver, breast, prostate, and some other regions.These MRI images cast-off to diagnose brain tumors in particular in this work. However, the abundance of information gathered through an MRI scan creates manual categorization of tumour cells vs. non-tumor in a specified timeframe is unrealistic. However, it has numerous restrictions (e.g., consistent computable measures are only available aimed at a limited amount of photos). As an outcome, dependable and automatic classification technique is required to reduce human mortality. Due to the significant geographical and structural variety of the brain tumor's surrounding environment, automatic brain tumour categorization is indeed a challenging task. This research proposes utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) categorization to automatically identify brain tumours. The underlying design was built using smaller kernels. The mass of a neuron is regarded as being very little. Test results reveal that CNN records get 93% with minimum complexity as contrasted to many other state-of-the-art approaches.
Trends among patients with endometriosis over a 7-year period and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Experience from an academic high level endometriosis centre in Germany.
Authors: Keilmann Lucia , Beyer Susanne , Meister Sarah , Jegen Magdalena , Buschmann Christina , Schröder Lennard , Keckstein Simon , Jeschke Udo , Burges Alexander , Mahner Sven , Trillsch Fabian , Kost Bernd , Kolben Thomas
Published: July 2022

PurposeEndometriosis is known to be an underestimated disease. Lately the awareness of the disease seems to have improved. Aim of this analysis is to provide an overview of the development of treatment of patients diagnosed with endometriosis. This includes a special scope on implications of the COVID-19 pandemic since in multiple settings postponed treatments resulting in negative impact on prognosis were reported. Material and MethodsWe analysed the development of numbers of patients treated for endometriosis in an academic centre within a 7 year-period, 01/2015-12/2021, performing a systematic analysis of ICD-10-Codes from our computer system used in clinical routine.Results Treatment numbers increased over the past 7 years, i.e. 239 treated cases in 2015 vs. 679 in 2021.Following restrictions for outpatient evaluation and surgical capacity at our centre during COVID-19 pandemic the numbers of treated patients were reduced, especially in the first lockdown period. The comparison of 2020 to 2019 showed a reduction in April 2020 of -37 % in outpatient department and up to -90% for surgically treated patients. Comparing to 2019, we found a reduction of surgical interventions in 2020 by -9 % and an increase by 83% in 2021.ConclusionRaising numbers of patients treated for endometriosis point to a new awareness for the disease. After the decline during the lockdown period numbers raised again, leading to a delay, but not an omission of treatment. A certified endometriosis centre with established and well-organized structures is required to improve not only treatment results but also quality of life of those affected.
Continuous-time Quantum Walk based on Cycle under Broken-line Decoherent Noise
Authors: Shi Wei-Min , Tian Pan , Zhou Yi-Hua , Yang Yu-Guang
Published: July 2022

At present, decoherence continuous-time quantum walks are only based on measurement decoherence, but a new broken-line noise model for continuous-time quantum walks on the cycle is proposed. In this scheme, we first construct the Hamiltonian H according to four cases including no broken links, the link to the left of the node is broken, the link to the right of the node is broken, and both links are broken, and then the probability of a walker is reconstructed. The analysis shows that with the increase of the probability of disconnection, the oscillation of the walk gradually weakens and becomes a peak distribution, and with the continuous increase of the walk time, the probability distribution of each vertex tends to be uniform. In addition, we also analyze the mixing time of this walk model and find that a small amount of broken chain decoherence can help reduce the mixing time, thereby improving the performance of quantum walks.
BIRB796 reduces p38MAPK and pHsp27 proteins in U87MG Glioma cells
Authors: Biltekin Sevde Nur , Uçar Evren Önay
Published: July 2022

Background: Hsp27 phosphorylation in glioma cells is closely related to tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis inhibition. The main purpose of this study is to inhibit the phosphorylation of Hsp27 by MAPK inhibitor, BIRB796. Thereby reducing the amount of pHsp27 that inhibits the mechanism of apoptosis in cancer cells.Methods and Results: The effect of bortezomib and BIRB796 on the U87MG cells was examined. Hsp27 and pHsp27 proteins expression level were exhibited by Western Blot analysis. Besides, we examined BIRB796 effects on p38MAPK (a, b) enzyme inhibition and caspase 3 activity. According to MTT analysis, bortezomib decreased cell proliferation dose dependent manner and BIRB796 did not cause significant reduction. For further analysis, 5nM bortezomib, and 100, 250, 500 nM BIRB796 concentrations that show neither a cytotoxic nor a proliferative effect on the cells were used as combined treatment. It was seen that 5 nM bortezomib treatment significantly induced pHsp27 (76%) and Hsp27 (48%) expression levels in the glioma cells. It was found that BIRB796 treatments significantly decreased the level of Hsp27 and pHsp27. The combined treatments significantly reduced pHsp27 expression level. Our results showed that all the treatments also significantly increased caspase 3 activation. Moreover BIRB796 inhibited p38a and p38b activities depending on time and this agent effect on p38a was stronger than p38b.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the cellular MAPK inhibitor BIRB796 agent may be an effective therapeutic option in cancer cells by reducing resistance and decreasing pHsp27 expression in the treatment of brain cancer.
The strategies of faculty development based on their role and learning styles in the Iranian University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Bazrafkan Leila , Ghasemi Sima , Rakhshani Tayebeh , Shokrpour Nasrin
Published: July 2022

In this study, we aimed to explain the strategies of faculty development based on their role and learning styles at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. We conducted a qualitative content analysis study in 2021 by purposive, snowball sampling, with a maximum variation of age and experience levels of faculty members. Eighteen participants were enrolled in this study, and data collection consisted of two phases of semi-structured interviews and brainstorming group technique. Data were categorized into two themes and six related subthemes, based on their similarities and differences after frequent summarization. The second theme was the best strategies in empowering the teacher with four sub-themes, including problem-based learning, integration of methods, evaluation-based education, and scholarship in education (PIES), which explains the strategies that can support the development of teachers in medical sciences. PIES could explain the practical strategies that can support the development of teachers in medical sciences.
Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Pairs with Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Kohli Utkarsh , Perrotta Melissa , Aljemmali Saif , Sosnowski Cyndi , Cardenas Yvonne , Sharma Kavita
Published: July 2022

Complex congenital heart disease (CHD) in each of dichorionic diamniotic (DiDi) twin pairs is extremely rare and has not been well characterized. Four DiDi twin pairs were included in this multi-institutional case series. The congenital cardiac abnormalities noted included tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) with pulmonary atresia and collaterals (n = 1), ToF with absent pulmonary valve (n = 1), ToF (n = 2), discontinuous right pulmonary artery (RPA) (n = 1), tricuspid atresia (TA) with normally related great arteries and pulmonary valve stenosis or atresia (n = 2) and coarctation of aorta (CoA) with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and borderline left-sided structures (n = 1). Genetic testing was obtained on seven of the eight twins but did not reveal any causal abnormality. A comprehensive review of literature yielded another 8 DiDi twin pairs with complex CHD. The CHD noted in these twin pairs included ToF (n = 2), CoA (n = 4), corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA) (n = 2), truncus arteriosus (n = 2), complete common atrioventricular canal (CCAVC) (n = 2), hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) (n = 2), Shone’s complex (n = 1) and hypoplastic right heart syndrome (HRHS) (n = 1). Limited genetic testing was obtained on 4 of these twins and revealed trisomy 21 in a twin pair. Conotruncal abnormalities (42%), CoA (21%), and abnormalities of the right ventricle, the right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary arteries (17%) are more prevalent in DiDi twins with complex CHD. Clustering of these abnormalities suggests a possible genetic basis; however, genetic testing was obtained on eleven of the twins, and except for trisomy 21 in a twin pair both of whom had CCAVC, did not reveal any causal abnormality. A major direct genetic contribution is therefore unlikely and like other CHD, the underlying etiopathological basis is likely multifactorial.
Probing the atomically diffuse interfaces in core-shell nanoparticles in three dimensions
Authors: Li Zezhou , Xie Zhiheng , Zhang Yao , Mu Xilong , Yin Hai-jing , Zhang Ya-Wen , Ophus Colin , Zhou Jihan
Published: July 2022

Deciphering the three-dimensional atomic structure of solid-solid interfaces in core-shell nanomaterials is the key to understand their remarkable catalytical, optical and electronic properties. Here, we probe the three-dimensional atomic structures of palladium-platinum core-shell nanoparticles at the single-atom level using atomic resolution electron tomography. We successfully quantify the rich structural variety of core-shell nanoparticles including bond length, coordination number, local bond orientation order, grain boundary, and five-fold symmetry, all in 3D at atomic resolution. Instead of forming an atomically-sharp boundary, the core-shell interface is atomically diffuse with an average thickness of 4.2 Å, irrespective of the particle’s size, morphology, or crystallographic texture. The high concentration of Pd in the interface is highly related to the electric double layers of the Pd seeds. These results advance our understanding of core-shell structures at the fundamental level, providing potential strategies into nanomaterial manipulation and chemical property regulation.
Metadichol® is a nano lipid emulsion that expresses all 48 nuclear receptors in stem and somatic cells
Authors: Raghavan Palayakotai R
Published: July 2022

Human nuclear receptors (NRs) involve 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that are important for regulating the cell cycle and processes. There are many literature references to work on NR expression in many organs, abnormal cells, and tissues. However, a simple universal method to study the expression of NR is still missing. Here, we present systematic profiling of NRs in human umbilical cord stem cell lines and assess the expression of the 48 human NRs by quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR using Metadichol, a nanoemulsion made of natural lipid alcohol. Metadichol-treated umbilical cord cells and fibroblasts, where all cells expressed NRs at a concentration range of 1 pg-100 ng/mL in a dependent manner, were detected by qRT-PCR and qualified by Western blotting. This method will allow the study of many organs and tissues and expand our understanding of the role of NRs and their role in mitigating diseases.
Suspension of structures in two-dimensional topologies with or without the presence of 𝒈 ≥ 1 genus deformations for canonical 2²η stabilizer points
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep
Published: July 2022

Parameterizing the diagonal points for each orbit +∓ and other —= over 𝒅𝒆𝒈₂ topologies considering the minimum genus 1 with marked points 2² over stabilizer moduli η when composed under loads or vibrations positive-∂ - negative-∂̅ - null-neutral-∂̅∂̅̅̅ from neutral-∂∂̅ phase alters the state ω to ω⋆ induces a change in genus geometries from rings at the mouth being hyperbolic σ× inside to hyperbolic or elliptic or Euclidean σ outside transits the function acting on the topology ⋆∶ω⟶ω⋆ suspends the surface by deforming stabilizer moduli η except in case of null-neutral-∂̅∂̅̅̅ ̅ iff class [ζ] is satisfied. Higher 𝒅𝒆𝒈 generalizations are not taken for this paper.
Visualizing electroluminescence process in light-emitting electrochemical cells.
Authors: Yasuji Kosuke , Sakanoue Tomo , Yonekawa Fumihiro , Kanemoto Katsuichi
Published: July 2022

Electroluminescence (EL) generally occurs via the fundamental recombination reaction of electron and hole, but the dynamics measurement of the reaction process has not been achieved so far. Here, we explore the operation dynamics of organic EL-devices in ionic liquid (IL)-based light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), by means of multi-timescale spectroscopic measurements synchronized with the LEC operation. Bias-induced absorption measurements under steady state conditions reveal that the migration of IL-electrolyte ions proceeds on a time scale of tens of seconds. The bias-modulation (BM) spectroscopic measurements for injected holes allow us to observe the behavior of p-doped layers varying with the bias-magnitude from growth to saturation and to recession. Simultaneous BM measurements with the EL intensity and current in a wide bias range show that, in the bias of the highest EL conversion efficiency, holes are not used for the doped layer formation but are efficiently consumed in the recombination process. The dynamics of LEC operation is directly visualized by time-resolved BM spectra, which leads to the following findings. Electron injection occurs more slowly than hole injection, causing delay of EL with respect to the p-doping. The EL of LEC starts with an insufficiently grown n-doped layer under a sufficient p-doped layer formation. N-doping then progresses gradually with the recession of the p-doped layer while the EL intensity remains constant. With the growth of n-doped layer, hole injection is suppressed gradually due to charge balance, leading to the accumulation of hole on the anode, and through them, the LEC operation reaches equilibrium. These spectroscopic techniques allow for studying the operation dynamics of LEC and can be an effective evaluation tool applicable widely to organic EL-devices.
Dysimilarities In The Gut Metabolome Of Rabbits With Genetic Differences In Their Resilient Potential
Authors: Casto-Rebollo Cristina , Argente María José , García María Luz , Blasco Agustín , Ibáñez-Escriche Noelia
Published: July 2022

Background
The gut-derived metabolites are key actors in the host-microbiota crosstalk and can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on the host. Gut metabolome could be a potential strategy to enrich the knowledge of host-gut interactions, providing another way of improving key traits such as animal resilience and welfare in livestock systems. Animal resilience has now become a critical livestock trait because of the high demand for more sustainable productions. Environmental variance (VE), the within-individual variance of traits due to environmental factors, is used as a key measure to improve resilience. Studying the gut microbiome composition can reveal the mechanisms behind animal resilience due to its influence on host immunity. The aim of this study was to identify the gut-derived metabolites underlying the VE of litter size (LS), for which we performed an untargeted gut metabolome analysis in two rabbit populations divergently selected for low (n = 14) and high (n = 14) VE of LS. Partial least square-discriminant analysis and Bayesian statistics were computed to determine dissimilarities in the gut metabolites of the rabbit populations.
Results
We identified 15 metabolites that can discriminate between rabbit populations with a prediction performance of 99.18% for resilient and 90.42% for non-resilient populations. The most reliable metabolites identified were glycerophosphoglycerol, equol, behenoylcarnitine, arachidoylcarnitine, ethyl beta-glucopyranoside, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate, N6-acetyllysine, 5-aminovalerate and succinylcarnitine. A great abundance of acylcarnitines and metabolites from the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism were found in the non-resilient population. Acylcarnitines and metabolites from AAAs (like kynurenine and anthranilate) can impact the inflammatory response and the health status of animals.
Conclusions
This is the first study to identify gut metabolites that can act as the VE of LS biomarkers as well as resilience biomarkers. The smaller number of acylcarnitines and metabolites derived from the phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism suggested that resilient animals were better able to cope with stressful events. However, further studies will be needed to determine the causal role of these metabolites in health and disease.
A photometric study of regolith intimate mixing with ice-like impurity
Authors: Deb Dwaipayan , Chakraborty Pavan
Published: July 2022

Surfaces of solid solar system objects are covered by layers of particulate materials called regolith originated from their surface bedrock. They preserve important information about surface geological processes. Often regolith is composed of more than one type of particle in terms of composition, maturity, size, etc. Experiments and theoretical works are being carried out to constrain the result of mixing and extract the abundance of compositional end-members from regolith spectra. In this work we have studied, photometric light scattering from simulated surfaces made of two different materials – one is highly bright quartz particles (average diameter 78.336 µm) and the other moderately bright sandstone particles (average diameter 253.757 µm). The samples were mixed with varying proportions and investigated at normal illumination conditions to avoid the shadowing effect. Said combinations may resemble ice mixed regolith on various solar system objects and therefore it is important for in situ observations. We find that the combinations show a linear trend in the corresponding reflectance data in terms of their mixing proportion and some interesting facts come out when compared to previous studies.
Secrecy Outage of an Energy Harvesting Multi-Relay Network with Multiple-Antenna
Authors: Sharma Shashibhushan , Roy Sanjay Dhar , Kundu Sumit
Published: July 2022

Secrecy performance of a cooperative communication network is analyzed in which source transmits information to a destination via multiple relays, assisted with multiple antennas, where an eavesdropper is able to eavesdrop the information signal from relay only. The direct link does not exist between source and destination due to deep fading and shadowing effect and transmission of a signal from source to destination is completed in two phases; first is the broadcasting phase and other is the relaying phase. Each relay follows decode and forward protocol and receives the information signal with multiple antennas. A selected relay harvests energy from received multiple signals through multiple antennas. Both information and jamming signals are transmitted by the selected antenna of a selected relay. It has been seen that a selected relay harvests energy 0.3706 joule with an array of 5 antennas when the source transmits the information signal with 5 dBW power. We have also observed that the performance increased by 99.24% in case of an array four antennas system with respect to an array of two antennas system when secrecy threshold is 1 bit/s/Hz . Secrecy performance is measured in terms of secrecy outage probability (SOP). A closed-form expression of the SOP is derived to analyze the secrecy performance which is verified by the simulation results.
Modelling and Forecasting Energy Efficiency Impact on the Human Health
Authors: Matvieieva Yuliia
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, one of the main pollutant factors is the inefficient use and breakdown of energy technologies. Improving access to modern energy, which emits less pollution, both at home and in the community could benefit the health of many people. Besides, it could contribute to the long-term goals of sustainable development. Health is a universal indicator of progress towards sustainable energy. Given the issue’s relevance, this article examines the impact of energy on public health. The study’s purpose is to substantiate the prospects for achieving sustainable development and human well-being, which depends on the quality of the environment and could be provided by a carbon-free economy. The methodological basis of the work is general scientific research methods, such as empirical and theoretical methods, as well as systemic and functional methods. This study applied VOSviewer tools, Web of Science and Scopus analysis tools, and Google Trends to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the impact of energy factors on public health. Based on Scopus data, the findings confirmed the hypothesis concerning a growing trend of publications examining the impact of energy factors on human health. In the study framework, the VOSviewer 1.6.18 tools allowed the detection of six clusters of research streams: renewable resources, sustainable development, public, energy policy, energy efficiency, and solar energy. The authors noted that different countries research the impact of energy on public health. These issues are most actively studied in China, the USA, and India. A separate dynamics of the publications were studied for 10 countries leading in the publication activity on the subject. The Google Trends tool has identified public interest in the topic. The interest of business and industry is considered separately. The findings showed that in the first case, the interest is more in the health factor. In turn, businesses and industries pay more attention to developing renewable energy sources. Google Trends analysis of the popularity of the search query «renewable energy» identified Korea, Turkey, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and Germany as leaders in the number of queries. However, the keywords healthy leaders are New Zealand, USA, Canada, Poland, and Australia.
Campur Kode Cinta Laura Kiehl dalam Talk Show Just Alvin di Metro TV
Authors: Sari Dian Etika , Sukma Njimas Panggalih , Muthoharoh Nurul , Nurjanah Elen
Published: July 2022

Cinta Laura Kiehl as a woman who is still young, creative, and has different characteristics from the others. The most prominent characteristics of her is the way she speaks or her accent and also the mix of languages she use every day. The language she uses is mixed between Indonesian and English. Because in fact she is an Indonesian national. However, she was born in Germany and spent much of her time abroad, for example, she studied at Colombia University, United States. Therefore, she uses a lot of mixed languages. Mixing code or language is what is studied in the field of sociolinguistics. This study aims to describe the form and causes of code mixing in interviews. This study used a qualitative descriptive design. The data source of this research is Cinta Laura Kiehl of utterances that were interviewed exclusively in Talk Just Alvin on Metro TV on Friday, September 13, 2013. The results of this study, firstly, form of code mixing between Indonesian and English. The two cause of code mixing include role factors, variety factors, speaker factors, and language factors.