bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel splicing graph allows a direct comparison between exon-based and splice junction-based approaches to alternative splicing detection
Authors: Aquino Jelard , Witoslawski Daniel , Park Steve , Holder Jessica , Amei Amei , Han Mira V.
Published: May 2024

There are primarily two computational approaches to alternative splicing detection: splice junction-based and exon-based approaches. Despite their shared goal of addressing the same biological problem, these approaches have not been reconciled before. We devised a novel graph structure and algorithm aimed at mapping between the exonic parts and splicing events detected by the two different methods. Through simulations, we demonstrated disparities in sensitivity and specificity between splice junction-based and exon-based methods. When applied to empirical data, there were large discrepancies in the results, suggesting that the methods are complementary. With the discrepancies localized to individual events and exonic parts, we were able to gain insights into the strengths and weaknesses inherent in each approach. Finally, we integrated the results to generate a comprehensive list of both common and unique alternative splicing events detected by both methodologies.

Availability

https://github.com/HanLabUNLV/GrASE

Contact

mira.han@unlv.edu

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available online.
The Prefrontal Cortex to the Hippocampus Glutamatergic Pathway Regulates Reward Effects of Methamphetamine
Authors: Zhao Dongdong , Shi Wenjing , Li Minyu , Xue Rui , Wang Hang , Zhang Le , Huang Mengbing , Bai Liping , Gu Rou , Li Ye , Zhang Xianwen , Kalivas Peter , Bai Jie
Published: May 2024

Methamphetamine (METH) induces reward effects. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a role in regulating top-down. The hippocampus is closely involved reward memory. However, the direct projects from the PFC to the hippocampus have not been studied well. Here, we use conditioned place preference (CPP), a recombinant adeno-associated virus 2/9 (rAAV2/9) and optogenetic approaches to explore a role in METH-CPP for a novel pathway projecting from the medial prefrontal prelimbic cortex (PrL) directly to the dorsal hippocampus CA1 (dCA1). Expressing CaMKIIα-ChR2 or CaMKIIα-eNpHR3.0 in the PrL and optically stimulating in the dCA1 blocks or enhances METH-CPP, respectively. Moreover, silencing the PrL to dCA1 glutamatergic pathway with tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) enhances METH-CPP. These results identify a novel PrL-to-dCA1 glutamatergic pathway regulating METH-CPP.
Comparison of spatial transcriptomics technologies across six cancer types
Authors: Cervilla Sergi , Grases Daniela , Perez Elena , Real Francisco X. , Musulen Eva , Esteller Manel , Porta-Pardo Eduard
Published: May 2024

Spatial biology experiments integrate the molecular and histological landscape of tissues to provide a previously inaccessible view of tissue biology, unlocking the architecture of complex multicellular tissues. Within spatial biology, spatial transcriptomics platforms are among the most advanced, allowing researchers to characterize the expression of thousands of genes across space. These new technologies are transforming our understanding of how cells are organized in space and communicate with each other to determine emergent phenotypes with unprecedented granularity. This is particularly important in cancer research, as it is becoming evident that tumor evolution is shaped not only by the genetic properties of cancer cells but also by how they interact with the tumor microenvironment and their spatial organization. While many platforms can generate spatial transcriptomics profiles, it is still unclear in which context each platform better suits the needs of its users. Here we compare the results obtained using 4 different spatial transcriptomics (VISIUM, VISIUM CytAssist, Xenium and CosMx) and one spatial proteomics (VISIUM CytAssist) platforms across serial sections of 6 FFPE samples from primary human tumors covering some of the most common forms of the disease (lung, breast, colorectal, bladder, lymphoma and ovary). We observed that the VISIUM platform with CytAssist chemistry yielded superior data quality. Xenium consistently produced more reliable results for in situ platforms, with better gene clustering and fewer false positives than CosMx. Interestingly, these platform-based variations didn’t significantly affect cell type identification. Finally, by comparing VISIUM protein profiles with the spatial transcriptomics data from all four platforms on each sample, we identified several genes with mismatched RNA and protein expression patterns, highlighting the importance of multi-omics profiling to reveal the true biology of human tumors.
Facial expression recognition is modulated by approach–avoidance behavior
Authors: Kobayashi Yugo , Tamura Hideki , Nakauchi Shigeki , Minami Tetsuto
Published: May 2024

Facial expression recognition influences approach–avoidance behaviors, but do approach–avoidance behaviors affect facial expression recognition? We conducted psychophysical experiments to this end, indicating a reverse causal relationship. In a virtual reality space, 3D face stimulus facial expressions varied on seven levels—from happy to angry in Experiments 1 and 3 and from happy to fearful in Experiment 2. Participants were asked to perform according to one of the following conditions in response to the stimulus. Participants 1) approached (one-meter forward), 2) avoided (one-meter backward), 3) were approached by, or 4) were avoided by the 3D model. Then, participants selected facial expressions. Experiment 1 revealed that participants recognized the face as angrier when they avoided it rather than when it avoided them. Experiment 2 showed that participants recognized the face as happy when approaching and fearful when avoiding, irrespective of who acted. Experiment 3 revealed that participants recognized the face as angrier when the face approached them rather than when they approached if both parties were physically close. Accordingly, approach–avoidance behavior changes facial expression recognition, indicating a reverse causal relationship. We posit that unconscious learning rooted in biological instincts creates this connection.
Targeting DBS to the centrolateral thalamic nucleus improves movement in a lesion-based model of acquired cerebellar dystonia in mice
Authors: Nguyen Megan X. , Brown Amanda M. , Lin Tao , Sillitoe Roy V. , Gill Jason S.
Published: May 2024

Dystonia is the third most common movement disorder and an incapacitating co-morbidity in a variety of neurologic conditions. Dystonia can be caused by genetic, degenerative, idiopathic, and acquired etiologies, which are hypothesized to converge on a “dystonia network” consisting of the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex. In acquired dystonia, focal lesions to subcortical areas in the network – the basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum – lead to a dystonia that can be difficult to manage with canonical treatments, including deep brain stimulation (DBS). While studies in animal models have begun to parse the contribution of individual nodes in the dystonia network, how acquired injury to the cerebellar outflow tracts instigates dystonia; and how network modulation interacts with symptom latency remain as unexplored questions. Here, we present an electrolytic lesioning paradigm that bilaterally targets the cerebellar outflow tracts. We found that lesioning these tracts, at the junction of the superior cerebellar peduncles and the medial and intermediate cerebellar nuclei, resulted in acute, severe dystonia. We observed that dystonia is reduced with one hour of DBS of the centrolateral thalamic nucleus, a first order node in the network downstream of the cerebellar nuclei. In contrast, one hour of stimulation at a second order node in the short latency, disynaptic projection from the cerebellar nuclei, the striatum, did not modulate the dystonia in the short-term. Our study introduces a robust paradigm for inducing acute, severe dystonia, and demonstrates that targeted modulation based on network principles powerfully rescues motor behavior. These data inspire the identification of therapeutic targets for difficult to manage acquired dystonia.
Characterization of a major QTL for sodium accumulation in tomato shoot
Authors: Héreil A. , Guillaume M. , Duboscq R. , Carretero Y. , Pelpoir E. , Bitton F. , Giraud C. , Karlova R. , Testerink C. , Stevens R. , Causse M.
Published: May 2024

Soil salinity is a serious concern for tomato culture, affecting both yield and quality parameters. Although some genes involved in tomato salt tolerance have been identified, their genetic diversity has been rarely studied. In the present study, we assessed salt tolerance-related traits at juvenile and adult stages in a large core collection and identified salt tolerance QTLs by genome-wide association study (GWAS). The results suggested that a major QTL is involved in leaf sodium accumulation at both physiological stages. We were able to identify the underlying candidate gene, a well-known sodium transporter, called SlHKT1.2. We showed that an eQTL for the expression of this gene colocalized with the sodium content QTL. A polymorphism putatively responsible for its variation was identified in the gene promoter. Finally, to extend the applicability of these results, we carried out the same analysis on a test-cross panel composed of the core collection crossed with a distant line. The results indicated that the identified QTL retained its functional impact even in a hybrid genetic context: this paves the way for its use in breeding programs aimed at improving salinity tolerance in tomato cultivars.

Summary statement

The genetic diversity of sodium accumulation in tomato shoot under salt stress is associated with an expression QTL ofSlHKT1.2. This gene, already identified as involved in tomato salinity tolerance, has been differentially selected during domestication and is of interest for the development of salinity-tolerant varieties.
Multi-omics reveals AKR1B1-regulated galactose metabolic as a driver of gastrointestinal stromal tumor progression
Authors: Yin Xiaonan , Yang Hongxin , Liu Baike , Liu Qinghong , Zhu Dan , Li Xiaofen , Chen Ye , Zhang Bo , Dai Lei , Yin Yuan
Published: May 2024

The underlying mechanism of malignant progression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is not fully understood. Despite recent advancements, a comprehensive profile of metabolome, transcriptome, and proteome of GISTs is lacking. This study conducted an integrated multi-omics analysis of GISTs across different risk classifications. By integrating metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, we identify distinct metabolic patterns and associated biological pathways implicated in the malignant progression of GISTs. Moreover, we identified galactose metabolism and the pivotal rate-limiting enzyme AKR1B1 is dysregulated in GISTs progression. AKR1B1 was upregulated and predicted poor prognosis in GISTs. In addition, AKR1B1 knockdown resulted in trehalose accumulation in GIST cells, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and mitosis. These findings not only enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms governing GIST progression from a metabolic reprogramming standpoint but also furnish prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for GISTs.
Pannotator integrated with Medpipe provides immunological and subcellular location features using a microservice
Authors: Gonçalves Rafael , Santos Anderson
Published: May 2024

Genome sequencing and assembly are trivial tasks nowadays. After assembling contigs and scaffolds from a genome, the subsequent step is annotation. An annotation evidencing the expected features, like rRNA, tRNA, and CDS, is a signal of the quality of our sequencing and assembly. Different techniques to obtain and reproduce DNA samples, as well as sequencing and assembly of genomes, can impact the quality of a genome’s expected features. The Pannotator tool was conceived as an aid annotation tool focusing on the differences between assembling and its reference genome. Some of the key features for bacterial genome annotations are the subcellular location and immunological potential of a CDS. Instead of reimplementing the prediction of these features in Pannotator, we leveraged the capabilities of our microservice to provide them. In the end, Medpipe software was not modified, and Pannotator underwent minor changes to incorporate the subcellular location and immunological potential of all exported proteins annotated by the tool. Moreover, our Medpipe microservice can also be incorporated into other software. The Medpipe microservice is open to anyone, not only to our Pannotator tool. The successful integration of Medpipe to Pannotator, powered by the Medpipe microservice, offers a powerful approach to advanced genomic analysis. The Medpipe microservice, built on Kotlin with the Spring Boot framework, is instrumental in the automation of Medpipe processing. It achieves this using REST endpoints, such as the execution of Medpipe in an asynchronous manner, status retrieval, and prediction generation, which enhance the modularity and scalability of the microservice. The availability of endpoint documentation, detailed request examples, and logs make our microservice user-friendly. The results of this integration demonstrate the value of the information provided by Medpipe, enriching genomic annotation with additional details, such as the density of mature epitopes (MED) and protein subcellular location classification. The Pannotator has evolved beyond basic function annotation and now provides data on immunological potential, structure, and subcellular location after being integrated with our microservice. The Medpipe microservice is available athttps://github.com/santosardr/medpipe-ms.git.
Wave-Function Network Description and Kolmogorov Complexity of Quantum Many-Body Systems
Authors: Mendes-Santos T. , Schmitt M. , Angelone A. , Rodriguez A. , Scholl P. , Williams H. J. , Barredo D. , Lahaye T. , Browaeys A. , Heyl M. , Dalmonte M.
Published: May 2024

Programmable quantum devices are now able to probe wave functions at unprecedented levels. This is based on the ability to project the many-body state of atom and qubit arrays onto a measurement basis which produces snapshots of the system wave function. Extracting and processing information from such observations remains, however, an open quest. One often resorts to analyzing low-order correlation functions—that is, discarding most of the available information content. Here, we introduce wave-function networks—a mathematical framework to describe wave-function snapshots based on network theory. For many-body systems, these networks can become scale-free—a mathematical structure that has found tremendous success and applications in a broad set of fields, ranging from biology to epidemics to Internet science. We demonstrate the potential of applying these techniques to quantum science by introducing protocols to extract the Kolmogorov complexity corresponding to the output of a quantum simulator and implementing tools for fully scalable cross-platform certification based on similarity tests between networks. We demonstrate the emergence of scale-free networks analyzing experimental data obtained with a Rydberg quantum simulator manipulating up to 100 atoms. Our approach illustrates how, upon crossing a phase transition, the simulator complexity decreases while correlation length increases—a direct signature of buildup of universal behavior in data space. Comparing experiments with numerical simulations, we achieve cross-certification at the wave-function level up to timescales of 4  μs with a confidence level of 90% and determine experimental calibration intervals with unprecedented accuracy. Our framework is generically applicable to the output of quantum computers and simulators with access to the system wave function and requires probing accuracy and repetition rates accessible to most currently available platforms.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Anomalous Photocurrent Reversal for the Same Polarization Direction in van der Waals Ferroelectric
CuInP2S6
Authors: Bai Yinxin , Hao Wei , Wang Yanghe , Tian Junjiang , Wang Chuanshou , Lei Yunlin , Yang Yihao , Yao Xiaodong , Liu Qihang , Li Changjian , Gu Mingqiang , Wang Junling
Published: May 2024

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in ferroelectric materials has attracted much attention due to its above-band-gap photovoltage and switchable photoresponse. However, the exact correlation between the photocurrent and spontaneous polarization remains unclear. Here, we report an anomalous reversal of the photocurrent, even for the same polarization direction, in van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric CuInP2S6 (CIPS). Careful analysis reveals that the relocation of Cu ions into the vdW gap upon thickness reduction causes the current reversal, even though it does not change the polarization direction. By combining theoretical and experimental studies, we show clearly the decoupling of the BPVE photocurrent and electric polarization. This discovery significantly improves our understanding of the BPVE and demonstrates yet another example of the lattice dimensionality effect in vdW ferroelectrics.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Critical therapeutic landscape design elements for cognitive impairments in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre
Authors: Beh Jing Han , Yew Ming Kun , Tan Kok Hong , Rayner John Patrick
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Therapeutic landscapes can be beneficial for patients recovering from cognitive and behavioural impairments. The therapeutic garden in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre (RTRC) located in Kew, Melbourne is a precedent for its nature design outdoor spaces and horticultural therapy (HT) program for patients with cognitive impairments due to brain and spinal cord injuries. There have been no studies into the physical design of the RTRC therapeutic garden.

Design/methodology/approach

This case study unveils the critical design themes, and dominant physical elements of the RTRC therapeutic garden through site observation and analysis over the course of two months, a semi-structured interview with a key staff, and graphical representations using integrated photography and collaborative digital tools of AutoCAD and Adobe Photoshop.

Findings

Seven critical design themes are identified for the RTRC garden: (1) space layout and organization, (2) physical and visual access, (3) pathway and facility, (4) multisensory vegetation, (5) amenity, wayfinding and seasonal interest, (6) cognitive stimulation, (7) utility and HT. Qualitative and quantitative data analysed in visual and descriptive format reveal multisensory vegetation, amenity, wayfinding and seasonal interest, and utility and HT are the top three most pivotal critical design themes in the RTRC therapeutic garden.

Research limitations/implications

The findings of this case study can be used to impart knowledge about the design of therapeutic landscape settings for cognitive impairments to design professionals and the public.

Originality/value

There is no case study has been conducted for this precedent of therapeutic garden in the Royal Talbot rehabilitation centre that targets for cognitive impairment patients. With the increasing awareness in medical and healthcare environments, this case study would help to inject mutual understanding, generate knowledge and design awareness among design professionals and public, and to cultivate more good quality healthcare settings.
Design of safety warnings and risk perception inducement: a comparative study between safety signs and safety comics in construction workplaces
Authors: Ouyang Yewei , Huang Guoqing , He Shiyi
Published: May 2024

Purpose

Safety warnings remind construction workers about dangers and guide them to take necessary actions to avoid potential injuries, which could encourage their safe behavior. Workers’ behavior compliance with the safety warnings would be impacted by the risk perception levels induced by the warnings. This study aims to examine whether the design of safety warnings would impact the induced risk perception of workers

Design/methodology/approach

This study compared the risk perception levels of construction workers when processing two forms of safety warnings, i.e., safety signs and safety comics, which are commonly used in construction workplaces. Construction workers (n = 20) volunteered for an experiment with an implicit paradigm to probe how they perceive these safety warnings, using event-related potentials (ERPs) features collected by an electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor to indicate the risk perception level

Findings

The results demonstrated that the design of safety warnings would impact the induced risk perception. The safety signs and safety comics performed differently in inducing the workers’ risk perception. The safety signs representing prohibition and caution warnings induced significantly higher risk perception than the comics, and there were no significant differences regarding direction warnings

Originality/value

This is the first study to compare the risk perception levels between various forms of safety warnings presenting safety information in different ways. The findings would help to expand the knowledge of the relationship between the design of safety warnings and workers’ safety behavioral compliance
Development and evaluation of a modular smart garment framework
Authors: Lin Albert , Kao Cindy , Park Heeju
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to develop and evaluate a modular smart garment design framework that simplifies the technical content associated with smart garment design.

Design/methodology/approach

Smart garment design challenges were first identified through literature review and interviews. Then, a modular framework and toolkit was created to address these challenges. Finally, workshops were held to evaluate the modular toolkit.

Findings

Interviews highlighted the need for easier attachment of hard devices to soft textile materials, simpler electrical connection creation and straightforward device selection. A modular framework was proposed and divided into four elements: (1) the Central Computation Module, (2) Peripheral Electrical Modules, (3) Securely Attaching Modules with Substrates and (4) Managing Intra-garment Connections. Workshops showed the modular framework had statistically significant improvements in function and certain ease ratings when compared to non-modular components.

Originality/value

This research identified specific technical challenges faced by smart garment designers and alleviated them through a modular smart garment framework that in workshops outperformed non-modular components in key function and ease ratings.
E-learning's influence on academic performance, learning outcomes and creativity
Authors: Gupta Shweta , Pandey Shriram , Sahoo Sidhartha , Pandey Chandra Shekhar
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The study examined the relationship between e-learning usage, creativity, e-learning utility and academic performance among undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG) students at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), India.

Design/methodology/approach

The data from 480 students were collected using a cross-sectional survey design. Pearson correlation analysis was performed in order to investigate the association between the variables.

Findings

The results revealed a significant positive correlation between time of use and academic performance (r = 0.294, p < 0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between time of use and the usability of e-learning in the attainment of learning outcomes. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between time of use and creativity (r = −0.170, p < 0.01).

Practical implications

The results indicate that educators ought to promote consistent utilization of e-learning platforms to enhance scholarly achievements. However, learners should exercise prudence in their usage, as an over-reliance on these platforms may impede their creativity.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge regarding the impacts of e-learning on students' academic performance and creativity. Additionally, it offers instructing professionals and students who make use of e-learning platforms information that might be helpful to them.
Effects of ethnic and global identities on home country brand perceptions: an identity theory perspective
Authors: Ewing Douglas , Zolfagharian Mohammadali , Heingraj Sasawan
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study links ethnic identity and global identity with perceptions of brand globalness (BG) and brand local iconness (BLI) regarding home country brands. Identity Theory considers consumer behavior as driven by multiple identities concurrently and interactively.

Design/methodology/approach

Samples from two populations, Mexicans living in Mexico and Mexican Americans in the United States, were exposed to eight randomly presented real-world Mexican brands, followed by existing measures for several constructs. Comparing such populations is uniquely appealing for studies of immigrants’ home country brands. Data is analyzed via linear regression.

Findings

Ethnic and global identities have an interactive effect on BG, BLI, and purchase intention even after controlling for ethnocentrism and cosmopolitanism. With the interaction term between ethnic identity and global identity included in the model, (a) global identity exhibits more efficacy than ethnic identity in explaining purchase intention; and (b) relationships involving BLI grow stronger while those involving BG become weaker. The direction of the effect of global identity depends on whether BG or BLI serves as the mediator. Ethnic identity has a significant effect on purchase intention through BLI among Mexican Americans.

Originality/value

Simultaneous focus on two interacting identities is novel in the international branding space. This approach is useful for illuminating the effects of brand attributes including BG and BLI as well as studying branding effects where self-symbolizing is of interest.
Modelling physical ergonomics and student performance in higher education: the mediating effect of student motivation
Authors: Abdul Latip Muhammad Safuan , Abdul Latip Siti Nur Nadhirah , Tamrin Masliana , Rahim Faizatul Akmal
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The study aims to explore factors that influence students’ academic performance in the context of physical ergonomics and assess the mediating effect of motivation between lighting, noise, temperature, chair design and students’ performance from the student’s perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

The research was categorised as a correlational study and employed non-contrived and cross-sectional methods to achieve its objectives. The target population was university students aged 18 years old and above enrolled in Malaysia’s higher education institutions. Due to the inaccessibility of the sample frame, convenience sampling, a type of non-probability sampling, was utilised. Data collection was conducted through an online survey primarily distributed among student groups.

Findings

The study’s findings reveal that only two exogenous variables, lighting and noise, directly influence students' performance. Additionally, motivation is a potent and significant factor in shaping students' performance. Motivation is also identified as a mediator in the complex relationship between lighting, noise, temperature and student performance. Surprisingly, although temperature does not directly influence student performance, it indirectly influences performance through motivation.

Originality/value

This study is an original exploration into the intricate factors shaping students' academic performance within the domain of physical ergonomics from a student perspective. The research uniquely investigates the mediating impact of motivation on the relationships between lighting, noise, temperature, seating arrangements and academic outcomes. The findings will contribute novel insights to the existing body of knowledge, offering a distinct perspective on the complex dynamics that influence student learning experiences and performance in educational settings.
Delivering lessons with the CTCA and the lecture method: which one enhances learning in Ghana’s undergraduate human resource management curriculum?
Authors: Awaah Fred , Abdulai Munkaila , Attiogbe Esther Julia Korkor
Published: May 2024

Purpose

The study investigates the comparative efficacy of the culturo-techno-contextual approach (CTCA) and the lecture method in students’ understanding of the human resource management (HRM) curriculum in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach

A quasi-experimental design is employed to gather data from 245 4th-year undergraduate students studying HRM at a Ghanaian public university. The experimental group with a population of 115 students was taught with CTCA, whilst the control group with a population of 130 students was taught using the lecture method. The data was collected using the HRM achievement test (HRMAT). The data were analysed using the descriptive analysis of covariance technique with pre-test scores added as a covariate.

Findings

The findings reveal that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in the study of HRM, affirming the effectiveness of the CTCA over the lecture method.

Originality/value

This study is novel because it is the first paper to apply the CTCA to the study of HRM in the Ghanaian higher education space. It will, therefore, benefit HRM education in the country when educational stakeholders adopt a sequential and methodical approach to teaching and learning HRM using the CTCA.
Privacy disclosure on social media: the role of platform features, group effects, trust and privacy concern
Authors: Wang Jia , Cao Qianqian , Zhu Xiaogang
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effects of multidimensional factors of platform features, group effects and emotional attitudes on social media users’ privacy disclosure intention.

Design/methodology/approach

This study collected the data from 426 respondents through an online questionnaire survey and conducted two approaches of structural equation modeling (SEM) and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) for theoretical hypothesis testing and configuration analysis of the data.

Findings

The results show that social media platform features (rewards of information disclosure, personalized service quality and data transparency), group effects (group similarity, group information interaction and network externality), individual emotional attitudes (trust and privacy concern) and control variable (gender) have a significant impact on privacy disclosure intention, as well as trust and privacy concern play mediating roles. Additionally, the fsQCA method reveals five causal configurations that explain high privacy disclosure intentions. Furthermore, the study reveals that male users pay more attention to platform features, while female users are more inclined to group effects.

Originality/value

This study attempts to construct a comprehensive model to examine the factors that affect users' intention to disclose their privacy on social media platforms. Drawing on the cognition-affect-conation model and multidimensional development theory, the model integrates multidimensional factors of platform features, group effects, trust and privacy concern to complement existing theoretical frameworks and privacy disclosure literature. By understanding the complex dynamics behind privacy disclosure, this study helps platform providers and policymakers develop effective strategies to ensure the vitality and momentum of the social media ecosystem.
The violences of disability disclosure and the aberrant possibilities of the crip
Authors: Bierdz Brad
Published: May 2024

This article delves into the processes of disability disclosure, cripped experiences and a particular theoretical flight with posthuman subjectivity. The article critiques disability disclosure for coercively reifying cripped experiences into normative narratives. Moreover, disclosures determine coercive and performative regimes in educational contexts, where disciplinary power defines possible experiences for cripped folks. Drawing on Foucault's and Butler's works to ground our conversations of reification and coercion, I then pull on and complement Deleuze and Guattari's works to argue that disclosure places the nonsensicality of disability outside conventional determinations of sense, defining the cripped being as nonbeing to maintain the productive boundaries of sense/nonsense. Finally, I play with crippedness that refuses definition and disclosure as a posthuman subjectivity that celebrates fluidity, multiplicity and nonsense. My final section of the article offers a cripped path where the disabled, posthuman subject resists sense‐making and embraces multiplicity, fluidity and nonsensicality as a particularly embodied refusal. This article critically explores the reifying nature of disclosure while envisioning possibilities where crip and posthuman studies converge, promising a shift towards imagining posthuman subjects that honour the nonsensical and multiplicitous nature of cripped experiences that refuse disclosure/definition qua reification, coercion and sense.
P450 gene CYP321A8 is responsible for cross‐resistance of insecticides in field populations of Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Chen Yumei , Cen Yongjie , Liu Yu , Peng Yanan , Lin Yiguang , Feng Qili , Xiao Yong , Zheng Sichun
Published: May 2024

Continuous and long‐term use of traditional and new pesticides can result in cross‐resistance among pest populations in different fields. Study on the mechanism of cross‐resistance and related genes will help resistance management and field pest control. In this study, the pesticide‐resistance mechanism in Spodoptera frugiperda (FAW) was studied with field populations in 3 locations of South China. Field FAW populations were highly resistant to traditional insecticides, chlorpyrifos (organophosphate) and deltamethrin (pyrethroid), and had higher levels of cytochrome P450 activity than a non‐resistant laboratory strain. Inhibition of P450 activity by piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the sensitivity of resistant FAW in 3 locations to chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin and chlorantraniliprole (amide), a new type of insecticide, suggesting that P450 detoxification is a critical factor for insecticide resistance in field FAW populations. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that 18 P450 genes were upregulated in the field FAW populations collected in 3 regions and in 2 consecutive years, with CYP321A8, the most significantly upregulated one. Knockdown of CYP321A8 messenger RNA by RNA interference resulted in an increased sensitivity to the 3 tested insecticides in the field FAW. Enzyme activity and molecular docking analyses indicated that CYP321A8 enzyme was able to metabolize the 3 tested insecticides and interact with 8 other types of insecticides, confirming that CYP321A8 is a key cross‐resistance gene with a wide range of substrates in the field FAW populations across the different regions and can be used as a biomarker and target for management of FAW insecticide resistance in fields.
A comparison of changes in drug burden index between older inpatients who fell and people who have not fallen: A case–control study
Authors: O'Leary Claire E. T. , Wilkinson Timothy J. , Hanger H. Carl
Published: May 2024

Objective

Older inpatients who fall are often frail, with multiple co‐morbidities and polypharmacy. Although the causes of falls are multifactorial, sedating and delirium‐inducing drugs increase that risk. The aims were to determine whether people who fell had a change in their sedative and anticholinergic medication burden during an admission compared to people who did not fall. A secondary aim was to determine the factors associated with change in drug burden.

Methods

A retrospective, observational, case–control study of inpatients who fell. Two hundred consecutive people who fell were compared with 200 randomly selected people who had not fallen. Demographics, functional ability, frailty and cognition were recorded. For each patient, their total medications and anticholinergic and sedative burden were calculated on admission and on discharge, using the drug burden index (DBI).

Results

People who fell were more dependent and cognitively impaired than people who did not fallen. People who fell had a higher DBI on admission, than people who had not fall (mean: .69 vs .43, respectively, p < .001) and discharge (.66 vs .38, p < .001). For both cohorts, the DBI decreased between admission and discharge (−.03 and −.05), but neither were clinically significant. Higher total medications and a higher number DBI medications on admission were both associated with greater DBI changes (p = .003 and <.001, respectively). However, the presence (or absence) of cognitive impairment, dependency, frailty and single vs multiple falls were not significantly associated with DBI changes.

Conclusions

In older people, DBI medications and falls are both common and have serious consequences, yet this study was unable to demonstrate any clinically relevant reduction in average DBI either in people who fell or people who had not fallen during a hospital admission.
Phylogenetic patterns of leg morphometric traits in vespid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Authors: Silveira Orlando Tobias , Pereira Jeferson Fonseca , Felizardo Sherlem Patrícia de Seixas , dos Santos Ian Patrick Vilhena , dos Santos José Nazareno
Published: May 2024

Vespid wasps use legs primarily for locomotion and in contexts such as grooming, handling of food and nest materials. Studies on leg form and function are relatively scarce. We analysed measurements of legs of 127 species of all genera of Polistinae, and of 18 species of other subfamilies, with the intent of investigating the occurrence and phylogenetic locations of morphometric patterns. Body‐size variation across Polistinae was determinant as to the absolute dimensions of legs, but allometric effects are generally small when comparing proportional length differences between differently sized species. Quite differently, size‐independent shape aspects are notably distinct as expressed by regression residuals and are clearly phylogenetically structured. Most distinctive are the very long mid and hind legs (and simultaneously exceedingly short forelegs) of Mischocyttarus species, and the comparatively shorter legs of some Epiponini. We found that forelegs have evolved with relative independence of the mid and hind legs, which is probably related to functions associated with the transport and manipulation of food and materials. Most examined solitary species showed mid and hindlegs shorter than most social polistines and vespines. Forefemur shape in some solitary species (euparagiines, masarines and some eumenines) may be functionally related to fossorial habits.
How etiological beliefs contribute to the structure of depression symptom networks
Authors: Gallagher Michael R. , Collins Amanda C. , Goldman Sonora , Bryant Jessica S. , Winer E. Samuel
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Each person possesses a unique view surrounding depressive symptomology and etiology that is shaped by idiosyncratic experiences. However, the influence that subjective etiological beliefs regarding a person's depressive symptoms have on actual symptom presentation and organization is seldom considered.

Methods

The current study employed network analytic techniques to examine how subjective views surrounding the cause of depressive symptoms altered actual symptom presentation networks. Additionally, the interaction between depressive symptoms and various etiological beliefs was examined.

Results

The results revealed that characterological beliefs, representing the idea that depression is caused by an internal sense of self, are strongly connected to a negative view of self, as well as a saddened mood. Additionally, the characterological beliefs node exhibited the greatest node predictability in its respective network, as well as in an omnibus network consisting of all depression symptoms and potential etiological beliefs. Whereas an achievement‐based view of depression has a strong connection with concentration difficulties, a physical view of depression tends to form strong connections with physically based depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

Subjective views regarding the cause of depression have the potential to influence symptom presentation and organization within a network, which may influence a person's willingness to engage in treatment or specific treatment preferences.
Law's drawing line: Legal discourse of consent in child sexual abuse cases in Japan
Authors: Horii Hoko
Published: May 2024

This article examines Japan's age of consent law by delving into court judgements, focusing on unravelling the nuances of how the sexual autonomy of children is interpreted. The study reveals a contradictory stance of the court towards child victim's maturity and capacity, indicating that the legal discourse around a child's autonomy is easily manipulated and framed. It further exposes the susceptibility of children's sexual autonomy to the structural moral values associated with patriarchal gender relations and age. By shaping the contours of consent, law draws a line—delineating punishable acts from consensual sexual activity. While the legal reforms aimed at stricter regulations surrounding child sexual abuse, including raising the age of consent, are narrowing the space for recognizing adolescents' sexual autonomy, this article contends that reforming age consent laws must strike a delicate balance between preventing potential harms and avoiding undue interference with adolescents' sexual autonomy.
Regulation of platelet activation and thrombus formation in acute non‐ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: Role of Beclin1
Authors: Ma Lingkun , Sun Wenjing , Li Jingchao , Wang Hailan , Ding Zihan , He Qing , Kang Yue , Dong Shujuan , Chu Yingjie
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of platelet activation‐induced thrombosis in patients with acute non‐ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) by detecting the expression of autophagy‐associated proteins in platelets of patients with NSTEMI. A prospective study was conducted on 121 patients with NSTEMI who underwent emergency coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography. The participants were divided into two groups: the ST segment un‐offset group (n = 64) and the ST segment depression group (n = 57). We selected a control group of 60 patients without AMI during the same period. The levels of autophagy‐associated proteins and the expression of autophagy‐associated proteins in platelets were measured using immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. In NSTEMI, the prevalence of red thrombus was higher in the ST segment un‐offset myocardial infarction (STUMI) group, whereas white thrombus was more common in the ST segment depression myocardial infarction (STDMI) group. Furthermore, the platelet aggregation rate was significantly higher in the white thrombus group compared with the red thrombus group. Compared with the control group, the autophagy‐related protein expression decreased, and the expression of αIIbβ3 increased in NSTEMI. The overexpression of Beclin1 could activate platelet autophagy and inhibit the expression of αIIbβ3. The results suggested that the increase in platelet aggregation rate in patients with NSTEMI may be potentially related to the change in autophagy. And the overexpression of Beclin1 could reduce the platelet aggregation rate by activating platelet autophagy. Our findings demonstrated that Beclin1 could be a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting platelet aggregation in NSTEMI.
Urticarial mycosis fungoides: A distinctive presentation with blood involvement and a peculiar immunophenotype
Authors: Torre‐Castro Juan , Postigo Concepción , Machan Salma , Jo‐Velasco Margarita Estela , Díaz de la Pinta Javier , Rodríguez‐Peralto Jose Luis , Córdoba Raúl , Requena Luis , Rodríguez‐Pinilla Socorro María
Published: May 2024

Mycosis fungoides (MF) has been widely reported to mimick a considerable number of different dermatoses, including scarring alopecia, bullous dermatoses or cysts, and comedones. In atypical presentations, histopathology is essential for the diagnosis. We present two cases of MF with clinical urticarial lesions and a striking blood involvement that responded to mogamulizumab treatment. Histopathologically, both cases had classic MF features and shared a peculiar immunophenotype, with positivity for CD25 and FOXP3. Differential diagnoses included urticarial lymphomatoid drug reactions and other lymphomas, like T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia, atypical Sézary syndrome, or adult T‐cell lymphocytic leukemia. A low suspicion threshold is necessary for the diagnosis of atypical presentations of MF.
Incidence and prevalence of headache in influenza: A 2010–2021 surveillance‐based study
Authors: García‐Azorín David , Santana‐López Laura , Ordax‐Díez Ana , Lozano‐Alonso José Eugenio , Macias Saint‐Gerons Diego , González‐Osorio Yésica , Rojo‐Rello Silvia , Eiros José M , Sánchez‐Martínez Javier , Sierra‐Mencía Álvaro , Recio‐García Andrea , Guerrero‐Peral Ángel Luis , Sanz‐Muñoz Ivan
Published: May 2024

Background and purpose

Influenza is a common cause of acute respiratory infection, with headache being one of the symptoms included in the European Commission case definition. The prevalence of headache as a symptom of influenza remains unknown. We aimed to describe the incidence and prevalence of headache in patients with influenza.

Methods

All consecutive patients who met the definition criteria of influenza‐like illness during the influenza seasons 2010–2011 through 2021–2022 were included. The seasonal cumulative incidence of influenza per 1000 patients at risk and the prevalence of headache as an influenza symptom were calculated, including the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were done based on patients' sex, age group, microbiological confirmation, vaccination status, and influenza type/subtype/lineage.

Results

During the study period, 8171 patients were eligible. The incidence of headache in the context of influenza varied between 0.24 cases per 1000 patients (season 2020–2021) and 21.69 cases per 1000 patients (season 2017–2018). The prevalence of headache was 66.1% (95% CI = 65.1%–67.1%), varying between 49.6% (season 2021–2022) and 80.1% (season 2010–2011). The prevalence of headache was higher in women (67.9% vs. 65.7%, p = 0.03) and higher in patients between 15 and 65 years old. Headache was more prevalent in patients infected with B subtypes than A subtypes (68.7% vs. 56.9%, p < 0.001). There were no notable differences regarding vaccination status or microbiological confirmation of the infection.

Conclusions

Headache is a common symptom in patients with influenza, with a prevalence higher than that observed in other viral infections.