bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CHANGING ENTERPRISE BUSINESS MODELS: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Pimenova O. , Mamii K.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: January 2022

Different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "business model" are considered. Based on them, the essence of this concept is characterized, namely: the business model is a system that combines many elements that in their relationship determine the necessary directions of the firm, which creates value, financial results and consolidates positions on the market. An example of the formation of such a system based on the Busines Model Canvas by Osterwalder was considered in order to highlight key elements. The main elements are analyzed: Key Partners, Key Activities, Key Resources, Value Propositions, Customer relationships, Channels, Customer Segments, Cost Structure and Revenue Streams. It is determined that a business model of the enterprise is a reflection of the internal environment of the enterprise, but at the same time is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of business in European countries are considered. According to results of the study, it was determined that the greatest impact of the pandemic was reflected on the income of enterprises. Based on the selected key elements of the business model of the enterprise, the impact of the pandemic on each element is analyzed. The main consequences are: the risk of losing partners, reducing the relevance of certain activities, the inexpediency of focusing only on tangible assets, changes in value propositions, loss of customer loyalty, reducing the efficiency of old sales channels and so on. Accordingly, the main trends in business models of enterprises are identified: reorientation of activities, sales channels, customer relationships online, emphasis on the importance of human capital, the introduction of elements of risk management. Thus, the Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the success of enterprises, even in highly developed countries. In an environment of unpredictability, business leaders should pay an attention for creating and improving business models to ensure their sustainability and efficiency.
Initiation of a Criminal Case for an Offence in the Field of Computer Information: Russian and Foreign Experience
Authors: Zhizhina M. V. , Zavyalova D. V.
Published: January 2022

The paper examines the theoretical and practical foundations of the initiation of criminal cases for crimes in the field of computer information. The stage of pre-investigation verification of a crime report is quite difficult due to the need to identify and consolidate the trace picture, requires the involvement of special knowledge in the field of information technology, the performance of certain actions, including of a technical nature, etc. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign sources carried out by the authors, generalization of forensic practice and procedural regulation, an algorithm has been developed for conducting a pre-investigation check of reports of a crime of this type. Particular attention is given to tactical recommendations for interviewing a victim, namely an individual and a legal entity. Other verification and investigative actions are presented, depending on typical versions and situations. The operational search measures used to establish the fact of a crime are considered separately. At the same time, the generalization of the forensic practice of investigating crimes in the field of computer information and the questioning of representatives of law enforcement agencies made it possible to identify certain problematic points related to the pre-investigation verification of reports on these crimes, including the procedure for the treatment of victims with reports of incidents, with information from open sources of cyberspace within the framework of operational-search activities, etc. Based on the results of the research conducted by the authors, effective foreign practices are proposed, the transfer of which to domestic soil will help reduce the latency of these crimes, increase the efficiency of investigation and disclosure of this category of criminal cases.
Rehabilitation of ischemic insult patients by a referent bioadaptation method
Authors: Rudnev V. A. , Bykov J. N. , Okladnikov V. I.
Published: January 2022

Optimization possibilities of rehabilitation process have been studied for patients, who had suffered a cerebral ischemic insult. In particularly the effectiveness of referent bioadaptation method, used in complex of rehabilitation procedures, had been investigated. Results of treatment of 30 patients having had an ischemic vertebrobasilar insult were given: 15 patients were treated by a referent adaptation method (the first group), 15 by traditional medicaments (the second group). The referent agents were light and sound impulses, their frequency rates being selected individually. A comparison analysis of rehabilitation outcomes for both groups was done. It was shown that usage of referent bioadaptation method in rehabilitation of cerebral ischemic insult patients was effective, It was proved an expediency of outer light, sound or sound-light stimulation, used in the complex of rehabilitation treatment of patients, who had suffered an ischemic insult in vertebrobasilar region of brain.
Correlation between severity of disease, aggressive illegal behavior of mental patients, feeling jealous and clinico-psychopathological peculiarities of the disease
Authors: Mendelevich B. D. , Mendelevich V. D. , Jakhin K. K.
Published: January 2022

The results of clinico-psychopathological study of 80 mental patients are given. The above mentioned patients made offence on the ground of jealosy. The correlation was established between psychopathological peculiarities of the disease clinical symptoms and severity and direction of aggression. Some specific facts in relation to adultery, peculiarities of decision-making for doing offence were described; and they depended on the main psychopathological syndrome and its nosology. It was found that the most significant parameter is the structure of psychopathological syndrome, but not its nosologic belonging.
Mechanisms of development of temporal lobe epilepsy: clinical and experimental studies
Authors: Balykova O. P. , Shikhanov N. P. , Inozemtseva V. S. , Sosunov A. A. , McKhann G. , Chelyshev Yu. A.
Published: January 2022

Among the many forms of epilepsy, one of the most studied is epilepsy of the temporal lobe (temporal lobe epilepsy) associated with the pathology of the limbic system, and especially the hippocampus. Sections of the limbic system are the source of epileptic seizures in this form of the disease, which is confirmed by electroencephalographic data, including those obtained using embedded electrodes [81], and the clinical effectiveness of surgery. Removal of certain parts of the medial temporal cortex, including part of the hippocampus, can heal or reduce the frequency and severity of seizures [92]. On the basis of structural changes, two main types of epilepsy of the temporal lobe are distinguished: 1) with the presence of a volumetric process (tumor, congenital pathology, blood vessel aneurysm, hemorrhage) affecting the limbic system; 2) without the presence of clearly verified volumetric changes in the medial temporal lobe [23]. In the latter case, the only structural manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy is hippocampal sclerosis. The name reflects the most striking morphological manifestations of the disease - the loss of neurons primarily in the CA1 and CA3 zones of the horn of the ammonia and the development of replacement gliosis. Intravital brain imaging using functional positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magneto-encephalography confirms changes in the hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy, usually in the form of a decrease in its volume [60]. There is also a positive correlation between intravital structural and biochemical (in particular, the number of AMPA-A receptors and the intensity of absorption of F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) changes in the sclerosed hippocampus and data from the study of surgical material [75].
Some modern methods of diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Stolyarov I. D. , Bisaga G. N. , Votintseva M. V. , Ilves A. G. , Nikiforova I. G. , Nikolaeva N. V. , Rudas M. S. , Petrov A. M. , Prakhova L. N. , Totolyan N. A. , Skoromets A. A.
Published: January 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects young people and quickly leads to disability. Until now, the pathogenesis of this neurological disease, which is the most expensive for society, has not been fully elucidated, and the drugs used to treat MS patients can only slightly suspend but not interrupt the development of the disease. At the same time, the possibilities of diagnosing and treating MS have expanded due to the active study and implementation of neuroimaging, neuroimmunological and neurophysiological methods, and the use of new immunocorrecting genetically engineered drugs.
Possibility of using transcranial magnetic stimulation for diagnosing ischemic brain damage
Authors: Smirnova Yu. V. , Smirnov K. V.
Published: January 2022

Cerebrovascular diseases, different in etiology and pathogenesis, are manifested by similar clinical symptoms of cerebral ischemia, in which there is an organic lesion of neurons in the epicenter of the focus with the formation of reversibly damaged neurons along the periphery of the zone, experiencing deep inhibition.
Diplegia facialis
Authors: Popov Nikolay M.
Published: January 2022

The patient present here has been in our clinic for about a month. During this time, the state of his health has noticeably changed for the better; nevertheless, even now there is no need to peer into his face for a long time in order to discover vivid traces of suffering on it. Indeed, everyone.
P. M. Krasin. To scholarship G regeneration of peripheral nerves after damage to them. Experimental histological examination. With the attachment of three tables of figures. Diss. 142 pages Kazan, 1907
Authors: Sholomovich Alexander S.
Published: January 2022

In the preface to the above-mentioned work, the author outlines his view on the essence of the process leading to the regeneration of a nerve after its damage, adjoining the so-called monogenists on the basis of studying the literature and his own experiments.
In the interval between the release of the 1st and 2nd books of the Neurological Vestnik, 3 books of the new monthly magazine appeared in the light of the month: "Contemporary Psychiatry", which, judging by the composition of the closest participants, is the organ of the Moscow privat-docentury.
Authors: Sholomovich Alexander S.
Published: January 2022

In the first (March) book of the journal there is an extremely interesting article by V. A. Muratov: "Disease of the adrenal glands with periodic psychosis."

The author investigated the second case of "intermittent" (?) Psychosis patho-anatomically and found, as in the first (1903) adrenal gland lesion.
The Journal of Mental Science, No. 213. April 1905. Adolescent Jnsanity: A Protest a gainst the Use of the Term "Gementia praecox" By J. C. Mc Conadheu, Senior Assistant Medical Officer, Parcside Asylum. (Youthful delusion: Protest against the use of the term "Dementia praecox")
Authors: Vishnevskiy Georgiy
Published: January 2022

The author, joining Clouston'y, finds Kraepelin's term unscientific and somewhat unreasonable, thanks to which it is necessary to label the patient as dementia and then register his recovery, recognizing the term "adolescent insanity" best applicable to the group of diseases under consideration.
Desafios do Tempo Imediato: a Educação Brasileira em Tempos de Pandemia
Authors: Silveira Thiago Coelho , Oliveira Márcia Pereira de , Rozilda Gomes Pinheiro Vicencia
Published: January 2022

ResumoEste trabalho analisa a legislação federal emitida durante a pandemia da Covid-19 para fornecer subsídios acerca das implicações deste momento nas práticas educativas e na vida escolar. Para tanto, foram consultados o Diário Oficial da União e o acervo do Conselho Nacional de Educação, de forma virtual, permitindo localizar portarias, pareceres e demais normativas que regulamentaram as ações durante este momento. Assim, a pesquisa possui abordagem documental, qualitativa e bibliográfica, analisando a documentação à luz do referencial teórico da história do tempo imediato e das concepções de ensino presencial, remoto e não presencial. O estudo aponta alguns entendimentos sobre a ação governamental no período, a qual ocorreu de forma lenta e aquém do esperado diante da gravidade da pandemia.
Palavras-chave: História. Ensino. Legislação Federal de Ensino.
AbstractThis paper analyzes the federal legislation issued during the Covid-19 pandemic to provide information about the implications of this moment for educational practices and school life. Therefore, the Brazilian Federal Gazette and the collection of the National Council of Education were consulted, virtually, allowing to find ordinances, opinions and other regulations that regulated the actions during this moment. Thus, the research has a documentary, qualitative and bibliographic approach, analyzing the documentation in the light of the theoretical framework of the immediate time history and the concepts of in-person, remote and not-in-person teaching. The study points out some understandings about government action in the period, which took place slowly and below expectations due to the seriousness of the pandemic.
Keywords: History. Teaching. Federal Teaching Legislation.
Problematyka bezpieczeństwa energetycznego w kampanii wyborczej Bronisława Komorowskiego i Andrzeja Dudy na urząd prezydenta Polski w 2015 roku
Authors: Paszkowski Michał
Published: January 2022

W artykule zostały przeanalizowane koncepcje formułowane przez dwóch głównych kandydatów na urząd prezydenta Polski w 2015 roku. Celem artykułu była zatem analiza pomysłów Bronisława Komorowskiego i Andrzeja Dudy w zakresie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego państwa oraz określenie potencjalnych punktów zbieżnych formułowanych koncepcji politycznych. Poglądy obu kandydatów różniły się znacząco, co wynikało z odmiennej wizji prezentowanej przez dwa główne ugrupowania polityczne w Polsce – Platformę Obywatelską oraz Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, które popierały tych kandydatów.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu, Sikap Ibu, dan Dukungan Petugas Kesehatan Terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Kota Malang Tahun 2019
Authors: Mony Khadijah Yazdiyah Refi , Wardani Hartati Eko , Hapsari Anindya
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Exclusive breast-feeding is recommended for at least six months in order to suppress the mortality and morbidity rates of children. Among the factors that influenced exclusive breast-feeding were maternal knowledge, maternal attitude, and the support of health-care workers. According to data in Malang city of 2018, Cisadea Public Health Centre had the lowest rate of exclusive breast-feeding. Hence, the study was conducted to know the relationship between maternal knowledge, maternal attitude, and the support of health care workers to exclusive breast-feeding. Research was conducted by correlational analytic methods and used cross sectional approach with purposive sampling technique. The mother of six to twelve months-old children through July 2020 and recorded in Cisadea Public Health Centre were the subject of this study. After taking the data by disseminating the questionnaire using a Google form on 30 samples, a bivariate analysis was conducted with the Chi square test. The results showed that there was a correlation between maternal knowledge and exclusive breast-feeding (p equal 0.046) and between maternal attitude and exclusive breast-feeding (p equal 0.041). While a bivariate analysis between health care workers’ support and exclusive breast feeding was obtained p equal 1,000 so that there was no meaningful relationship was found.

Abstrak: Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif direkomendasikan selama paling sedikit enam bulan dengan tujuan untuk menekan angka mortalitas dan morbiditas anak. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI eksklusif antara lain adalah pengetahuan ibu, sikap ibu, dan dukungan petugas kesehatan. Berdasarkan data di Kota Malang tahun 2018, Puskesmas Cisadea adalah puskesmas yang paling rendah pemberian ASI eksklusif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu, sikap ibu, dan dukungan petugas kesehatan terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode analitik korelasional dan pendekatan cross sectional ini dengan teknik sampling purposive. Ibu dengan balita umur 6-12 bulan sampai bulan Juli 2020 dan tercatat di Puskesmas Cisadea merupakan subjek penelitian ini. Setelah pengambilan data dengan menyebar kuesioner menggunakan google form kepada 30 sampel, dilakukan analisis bivariat dengan uji Chi square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu dan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p sama dengan 0,046) dan antara sikap ibu dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p sama dengan 0,041). Sedangkan analisis bivariat antara dukungan petugas kesehatan dan pemberian ASI eksklusif didapatkan hasil p sama dengan 1,000 sehingga tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna.
Survei Kondisi Fisik Sepak Bola pada Pemain Arema Football Academy Usia 16 Tahun di Kota Malang Tahun 2021
Authors: Rofik Maulana Khoiru , Yunus Moch. , Widiawati Prisca
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Physical condition is an important role in football because with good physical condition, it will be more likely to achieve. This study aims to determine the level of physical condition of Arema players aged 16 years in Malang City in 2021. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative which aims to provide a real picture in accordance with what is in the field about the physical condition of Arema Football Academy football players aged 16 years old in Malang in 2021. The results on leg muscle strength have an average of 44.24, speed has an average of 7.73, agility has an average of 9.91, flexibility has an average of 16.60, muscle power limbs have an average of 55.88, endurance has an average of 45.98. It can be concluded that strength (leg muscles) is in sufficient category, speed is in good category, agility is in very good category, flexibility is in very good category, leg muscle power is in good category and endurance is in good category. And the overall physical condition is in the sufficient category.

Abstrak: Kondisi fisik merupakan peranan yang penting dalam sepak bola karena dengan kondisi fisik yang baik maka akan lebih berpeluang untuk berprestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kondisi fisik pemain arema usia 16 tahun di Kota Malang tahun 2021. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan kuantitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran nyata sesuai dengan yang ada di lapangan tentang kondisi fisik pemain sepak bola Arema Football Academy umur 16 tahun di Kota Malang tahun 2021. Hasil pada kekuatan otot tungkai memiliki rata-rata 44,24, kecepatan memiliki rata-rata 7,73, kelincahan memiliki rata-rata 9,91, kelentukan memiliki rata-rata 16,60, power otot tungkai memiliki rata-rata 55,88, daya tahan memiliki rata-rata 45,98. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kekuatan (otot tungkai) masuk kategori cukup, kecepatan masuk kategori baik, kelincahan masuk kategori baik sekali, kelentukan masuk kategori baik sekali, power otot tungkai masuk kategori baik dan daya tahan masuk kategori baik. Dan pada kondisi fisik secara keseluruhan masuk dalam kategori cukup.
Introducción. Los cuidados en la encrucijada del cambio social
Authors: Pérez-Caramés Antía
Published: January 2022

Este artículo contiene una introducción al número monográfico de Atlánticas. Revista Internacional de Estudios Feministas en torno a los estudios de cuidados que lleva por título “Los cuidados en la encrucijada del cambio social”. En primer lugar, se presenta una contextualización en la que se resalta la relevancia de los cuidados para los estudios feministas y de género. A continuación, se emprende una revisión y síntesis de las principales temáticas que ha alumbrado el concepto de cuidados, desde la ciudadanía y el Estado de Benestar, hasta las formas de organización social y reparto de los trabajos o las políticas públicas en materia de cuidados; pasando por cuestiones emergentes tales como la participación de los hombres en estos trabajos, la relación entre urbanismo y cuidados o las implicaciones de la tecnología para los cuidados. Por último, se indica y contextualiza la relevancia y originalidad de las contribuciones contenidas en el monográfico.
Experience of the nivolumab use in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma provided under the expanded access program in Russia. Subgroup analysis of the correlation between expression markers and the effectiveness of nivolumab therapy
Authors: Karpova N.  V. , Ivanov M.  V. , Mileiko V.  A. , Rumyantsev A.  A. , Titova T.  A. , Arakelyan G.  A. , Oganesyan A.  P. , Kanygina A.  V. , Sharova E.  I. , Gafanov R.  A. , Kalpinsky A.  S. , Alekseev B.  Y. , Semenova A.  I. , Protsenko S.  A. , Moiseenko F.  V. , Matveev V.  B. , Nosov D.  A.
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Nivolumab was registered in Russia in December 2016 as a monotherapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and it remains a second‑line treatment choice for patients with disease progression after the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Even though immunotherapy has already proven to be an effective approach for the treatment of RCC, predictive biomarkers for the rational selection of patients remain unidentified.

Seventy‑five patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who received nivolumab in the 2nd and subsequent lines of therapy from 2015 to 2020 under the expanded access program were enrolled in this study. The objective response rate was 21,3 %. Median progression‑free survival (PFS) was 5,5 months. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached.

To analyze molecular biomarkers correlated with the response to immunotherapeutic treatment, we performed whole‑transcriptome RNA sequencing of 16 samples (FFPE) in 15 patients with the assessment of the expression level for individual genes (PDCD1, CD274, CD8A, CD8B, CD4) and gene signatures (Angio, Teff, Myeloid Inflammation).

Disease control rates were not different for the subgroups of patients with high and low expression of any of the signatures examined, and further principal component analysis did not reveal clustering of patients with and without objective response.

Further studies on a larger sample of patients will help confirm or deny the predictive role of biomarkers selected for analysis in a heterogeneous population of RCC patients.
Análise de imagens termográficas para detecção precoce de neoplasias (tumor de mama)
Authors: Gretis Rodrigues da Luz Thais , Coninck José Carlos , Ulbricht Leandra
Published: January 2022

A termografia é um método não invasivo, sem contato físico, não apresentando riscos para o paciente ou para o aplicador. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar protocolos para: a) verificar os protocolos que tiveram resultados positivos para o uso da termografia.  b) identificar os pontos em comum entre eles. Este é um estudo exploratório que utilizou como ferramenta a bibliometria, sendo incluídos os artigos publicados entre 2012 a 2018. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva onde os artigos foram categorizados, e descritos conforme os dados de publicação, autoria e equipamento utilizado. Os resultados apontam uma variedade de protocolos de utilização da termografia no estudo do auxílio ao diagnóstico de câncer de mama. Como conclusão identifica-se resultados positivos para o uso da termografia na confirmação do câncer de mama. Sendo que, a maior parte destes estudos utilizou os seguintes critérios: Deve-se manter a sala entre 22°C e 23°C (graus Celsius), realizar uma aclimatação da paciente, uso de câmeras com melhores resoluções (maiores que 160 x 120 pixels) e uso do protocolo dinâmico, para melhor ressaltar as diferenças térmicas entre os tecidos mamários sadios e tumorais.
Women, Development, and Flooding Disaster Research in Nigeria: A Scoping Review
Authors: Echendu Adaku Jane
Published: January 2022

The growing threat of disasters caused by climate change, of which flooding is the most prevalent has led to a call for a change in the design of, and roll-out of disaster mitigation and response policies. A more inclusive approach to Disaster Risk Reduction has been advocated with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction calling for the involvement of women and marginalized groups for more effectiveness and efficiency. The rapidly urbanizing countries of sub-Saharan Africa are particularly vulnerable to the threats and impacts of disasters, including flooding, and women in these countries are differentially vulnerable and marginalized. In response to the call for the inclusion of women in disaster risk management, this scoping review seeks to understand to what extent Nigerian women have been engaged or included in urban flooding research. This review finds that very little research has been conducted on gender and flooding. In addition, 85% of the papers reviewed focus on rural women, while the prevalence and rising threats of flooding in urban areas are given little attention. As urban centers throughout the region are becoming more feminized, a better understanding of urban women’s experiences with flooding will help ensure a more inclusive and effective disaster response.
Study on Shear Failure and Crack Propagation Characteristics of Soil-Rock Mixture
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Shaolong , Shen Shiwei , Zhang Weilong
Published: January 2022

Soil–rock mixture is a special geological material between homogeneous soil masses and fractured rock masses. In this study, the shear characteristics, movement and failure characteristics of particles and the evolution law of cracks were studied by direct shear tests and particle flow numerical simulations. The results show that the shear stress-shear displacement curves of the soil–rock mixture can be roughly classified into three stages: elastic stage, plastic stage and strain softening stage, and there was a "jump" phenomenon. The higher the rock content was, the more obvious the phenomenon. The shear strength and its indices of the soil–rock mixture did not increase with increasing rock content, but there was an "optimal rock content". According to the experimental and simulation results, particle breakage can be divided into three types: slight failure, partial failure and complete failure. The crack propagation characteristics can be divided into three stages, and the crack propagation depth increases with increasing shear displacement. It increases with increasing vertical stress and decreases with increasing block rock content.
Interest Rate–Economic Growth Nexus Under Currency Board Operations
Authors: Tibinyane Martinianus Tshimologo , Kaulihowa Teresia
Published: January 2022

This paper analyses the effect of the prime interest rate as a monetary policy instrument to stimulate economic growth in Namibia, a small open economy that is constrained by currency board operations. A Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) was used for the period 1980–2019. The result shows that Namibia’s prime interest rate has no significant effect on economic growth. This finding remains robust and consistent when impulse response function and variance decomposition are employed. The impulse response function indicates a shock on the prime interest rate exhibits an inverse relationship. However, this effect is insignificant in both short and long-run scenarios. The variance decomposition indicates that the prime interest rate has a strongly exogenous impact, implying it has a weak influence on GDP growth. Policy implication indicates that small open economies under currency board operations need to identify different policy responses to circumvent external shocks and addresses their development needs.
Role of Initiator Structure on Thiol-Ene Polymerization: A Comprehensive Theoretical Study
Authors: DEGİRMENCİ İsa
Published: January 2022

In this study, the effects of initiator structure on thiol-ene polymerization were investigated with two initiators, four thiols, and eight monomers by utilizing the M06-2X/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory. For this purpose, a comparative investigation was carried out by modeling hydrogen abstraction from thiols (kHA) and addition reaction to monomers (ki), which is considered a side reaction. It was confirmed that the 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) initiator is a suitable thiol-ene initiator except for the polymerization of electron-deficient or conjugated monomers. It was determined that the azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator could not give a homogeneous thiol-ene product regardless of the monomer structure. However, it has been found that aromatic thiols should be used to obtain relatively better results with this initiator.
SUBSÍDIOS PARA O ACOMPANHAMENTO DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Shimite Amabriane , Da Silva Nilson Rogério
Published: January 2022

O estudo aborda a temática da inclusão na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica com o objetivo de descrever e refletir sobre o acompanhamento de alunos com deficiência no curso de Tecnologia em Alimentos. Trata-se de um relato de experiência que apresenta a inclusão de alunos com deficiência em uma faculdade de tecnologia no interior do estado de São Paulo, na qual estavam matriculados oito alunos com deficiência. A instituição de ensino disponibiliza um professor de suporte que realiza o acompanhamento do ingresso a conclusão do curso por alunos com deficiência, sendo todo o processo registrado e documentado. Assim, foram abordados aspectos como o conhecimento do aluno com deficiência ingresso, a organização do curso superior de tecnologia em relação à inclusão, a organização do atendimento educacional especializado e o acompanhamento dos alunos com deficiência. Foi possível considerar o cumprimento da lei para o acesso ao ensino superior por alunos com deficiência, mas um cenário de poucas ações efetivas para a sua permanência, assim como o esforço solitário do professor de suporte na promoção e efetivação de ações de inclusão que atendessem e colaborassem para o desenvolvimento do processo de aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência.
Pesticide contamination of the dridji cotton plantation area in the Republic of Bénin
Authors:   Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, Yehouenou A Pazou E , Glin LC ,   Organization for the Promotion of Organic Farming (OBEPAB), Bénin, Vodouhe DS ,   University of Abomey, Bénin, Fanou J ,   University of Abomey, Bénin, Babadankpodji AP ,   University of Abomey, Bénin, Dassou S ,   Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, Vodouhe S ,   Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, van Hattum B ,   VU University, The Netherlands, Swart K , van Gestel CAM
Published: January 2022

Pesticides used for cotton production and pest control in the growing of food crops such as beans, maize and vegetables eventually may not only end up on the crops, but also in soil and surface water. As a consequence, aquatic organisms and humans consuming crops may experience pesticide exposure. This also is the case in developing countries in Africa, where pesticide use sometimes is less controlled and includes the use of older organochlorinated products. This study assessed the public health risk due to pesticide exposure along the Kiti River in the Dridji cotton-growing area in the Republic of Bénin. Aquatic organisms from the Kiti River and vegetable plants commonly consumed by the local people were analyzed for residues of organochlorinated pesticides. Kiti River sediment contained metabolites of DDT with levels up to 5.14 μg/kg dry weight. In fish, crabs and amphibians collected from the Kiti River DDT-like compounds and α-endosulfan reached levels up to 403 ng/g lipid. Leaves from beans grown in the river floodplain and consumed by the local population were contaminated with 10 pesticides including DDT-like compounds, αendosulfan, dieldrin, lindane, hexachlorobenzene and heptachlor. Sum DDT concentrations in the bean leaves ranged between 274 and 1351 µg/kg dry weight, while these vegetables also contained endosulfan (23-210 µg/kg dry weight), dieldrin (<9-32 µg/kg dry weight) and lindane (<6 – 90 µg/kg dry weight) in high concentrations. To assess the risk to public health, pesticide intake by fish and vegetable consumption was estimated and compared with Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) values reported by the World Health Organization. This comparison showed that fish consumption does not pose a risk for public health, but that consuming bean leaves as vegetables may lead to exceeding of TDI values. It is concluded that pesticide contamination in the Dridji cotton production area poses a risk to public health.
Consumer perceptions and demand for biofortified sweet potato-based biscuit: The case of Akarabo golden power biscuit in Rwanda
Authors:   International Potato Center, Uganda, Okello JJ , Sindi K ,   International Potato Center,Kenya, Low J ,   International Potato Center,Kenya
Published: January 2022

Certain varieties of sweet potato , especially orange -fleshed, are being promoted as part of the strategy to combat vitamin A deficiency in children and pregnant mothers. However , the consumption of sweet potato is more widespread in rural households where it is mainly boiled or eaten raw. The lack of value addition exclude s majority of urban and higher income consumers who consider sweet potato an inferior product . At the same time low income urban households that would be interested in consuming sweet potatoes are not able to receive regular supplies from the rural producing are as due to perishability and bulkiness of the produce. This study examines consumer perception s and demand for value -added biofortified biscuit derived from the vitamin A-rich orange fleshed sweet potato in Rwanda. Specifically, it assesses consumer perceptions and preference for biofortified biscuit, consumer willingness to pay for biofortified biscuit and consumers ’ rating of the biofortified biscuit. It uses data from 1085 consumers stratified by income level s drawn from consumers in several urban market s of Rwanda . The study finds very favorable rating of the taste, color, packaging, looks, and sweetness for the biofortified biscuit . It also finds higher willingness to pay (WTP) for the biofortified biscuit among consumers from low and low/middle income groups. However, the study finds mixed results of WTP for the biofortifed sweet potato among consumers in the high income neigborhoods. Also, contrary to expectations, t he study finds no evidence that knowledge of vitamin A increases consumer rating for the biofortified biscuit, suggesting that the promotion campaigns did not change the way consumers perceive the biofortified sweet potato , perhaps due to the way the campaign was designed . The study concludes t hat the biofortified biscuit is currently more acceptable among the low and low/middle end income categories probably because of greater promotion at these levels . However , it has a high potential for the high and medium income groups as evident from the high rating it received among these groups . The paper discusses the implications of these findings and suggests a need for more detailed studies and indepth quantitative analysis of consumer perceptions and WTP for orange -fleshed sweet potato .
Effect of delayed processing on nutrient composition, ph and organoleptic quality of pond raised tilapia (Oreochromis shiranus) stored at ambient temperature
Authors:   Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bunda College Campus, Malawi, Makawa Z , Kapute F ,   Mzuzu University, Malawi, Valeta J
Published: January 2022

Fish are a nutrient rich food but highly perishable due to its high water activity , protein content, neutral pH and presence of autolytic enzymes . This explains why fresh fish quality deteriorates rapidly if not properly stored after catch such as use of low temperature . The implication is that delayed processing of fresh fish negatively influences consumer taste of fish . Further, fresh fish that are not processed on time lose nutrients due to spoilage. In Malawi, most fresh fish are sold in the open due to lack of storage facilities such as refrigerators – a condition that accelerates spoilage of fish . This study was carried out to assess the effect of delayed processing on nutrient composition, pH level and organoleptic quality of pond raised tilapia - Oreochromis shiranus which is the commonest grown tilapia in Malawi. Thirty freshly pond harvested O. shiranus fish (average weight 100g ) were cleaned then deep fried in edible cooking vegetable oil at time intervals of 0, 6 and 12 hours from catch and stored at ambient temperature. A pre -trained sensory evaluation panel consisting six members described changes in the sensory quality of the fresh and fried fish at every sampling time interval. Crude protein, crude fat, ash, moisture content and pH were also determined at each sampling time. Determined c rude protein and crude fat decreased while ash content increased with storage time though these were not significantly different from base line (P>0.05). Moisture content decreased from 0 (fresh) to 6 hours then increased again up to 12 hours of storage. Ash and moisture content correlated positively (0.93 and 0.79% respectively) , whilst crude protein, crude fat and pH were negatively correlated ( -0.91, -0.05 and -0.97, respectively) to sensory quality demerit scores. pH decreased from 5.94 at 0 hours to 5.92 after 6 hours then increased sharply to 5.98 after 12 hours of ambient fish storage. Consumers started to significantly (P<0.05) dislike the fish after 7 hours and eventually rejected the samples after 12 hours of ambient storage time. The study recommends that for optimum consumer satisfaction and nutritional benefit, fresh O. shiranus should be processed at most 7 hours after harvesting .
Knowledge, attitude and intending practice of female undergraduates about breastfeeding
Authors:   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria, Ogunba BO , Agwo EO
Published: January 2022

The recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) is that infants should be fed exclusively on breast milk for the first 6 months, but the rate of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has been on the decline in Nigeria. The study determines knowledge, attitude and intending practice of unmarried female undergraduates about breastfeeding (BF). Two hundred females were selected using the simple random sampling procedure. Interview schedule was used to obtain information on socio- economic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and intending practices of EBF of Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, Nigeria. Knowledge and attitudes on BF were determined using a three and five point Likert Scale, respectively. Data was described using percentages, frequency counts and regression. Sixty percent of the respondents were between the ages of 21 and 24years and more than half are four hundred level students (54.5%). Knowledge on the term EBF is misconstrued as BF for 12 months by 33% of the respondents . Women intend to initiate BF between the first 0 -6 hour of birth (65%) and breast feed on request (62.5%). However, 61% may not practice EBF because of their jobs , will introduce infant formula or water during the first six months and 38.3% will not breast feed in public. Women intend to terminate BF at 3 months (5.0%), 6 months (16.5%), 1 year (50.5%) and 2 years (28.0%) because of their health status (54.0%). Knowledge about BF was average (94%) and attitude was neutral (77.4%).Women intend to manage EBF during working hours by having fixed feeding schedules (14.0%) and using expressed breast milk (16.0%). About 34.5% of respondents will not use expressed breast m ilk because of fear of contamination (42.0%) and their health (36.3%), 6.0% expressed the opinion that EBF is not possible. Major influence on BF decisions includes maternal health (59.7%), maternal jobs (54.4%), husbands (34.5%), mother (24.8%), and mother s in law (17.5%). Regression analysis revealed that knowledge (b=- 0.025) has a negative significant relationship with duration of EBF of mothers at p <0.05. It is concluded that women lacked understanding of the BF recommendations, duration of EBF, have average knowledge and neutral attitude towards EBF. It is recommended that child health matters should be taught not only in the medical schools, but special courses should be offered to increase knowledge on appropriate recommendations on BF practices for al l students.
Golden wine produced from mixed juices of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), mango (Mangifera indica) and pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Authors:   Higher Institute of Education, Rwanda, Nzabuheraheza FD , Nyiramugwera AN ,   University of Tanzania, Kibungo Campus located in Rwanda
Published: January 2022

An attempt to produce yellow/golden wine was done in the laboratory using a mixture of fruits (3 3.3% each) as golden must extracted from Passiflora edulis (passion fruit ), Mangifera indica (mango) and Ananas comosus (pineapple ). After extraction of three juices, physic al and chemical parameters were determined before and during fermentation of the must. These parameters were: wild yeast colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) of fermenting must, total soluble solids (degrees Brix) , pH, alcohol content, titratable acidity in percent , fermentation temperature, sugar content (g/l) , and specific gravity. The fermentation of a mixture of juices was done at room temperature, i.e., at 22 o C, and the wild yeast used was Saccharomyces cerevisiae , a strain called “musanzeensis” isolated from local traditional banana wine. During substantial must fermentation, the pH decreased from 5.5 for fresh juice to 3.2 for wine, total soluble solids from 20 o Brix to 2 o Brix, titratable acidity increased from 0.68% to 1.4%, sugar content decreased from 85 g/l to 32 g/l, specific gravity decreased from 1.040 to 1.002, yeast growth increased from 3 to 18 log CFU/ml, and alcohol content increased from 0.0 to 12% alcohol by volume. After twelve days of fermentation, the color of wine remained yellow, the flavor was enhanced, sweetness diminished and the acidity (sourness) increased slightly. These chemical changes could be due to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae activity , which was characterized by a remarkable foam and intensive production of carbon dioxide in the fermenting wine . The mixture of the three juices from Passiflora edulis, Mangifera indica and Ananas comosus produced an alcoholic beverage with a wonderful flavor that was generally delicious and acceptable to 40 trained and blind panelists during sensory evaluation using as 9 –point Hedonic scale. Each panelist sipped once 100ml of sample taken from wine. Thus, the obtained yellow wine should be promoted for adding value to local fruits, imported wine reduction, job creation, income generation and rural development.
A national survey of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain quality in Sierra Leone I: Perception of traders and consumers
Authors:   Njala University, Njala, Sierra Leone, Kamara JS , Bockari-Gevao SM , Luseni PJ ,   Njala University, Njala, Sierra Leone, Leigh AU , Cooke RA ,   University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
Published: January 2022

As Sierra Leone approaches self-sufficiency in rice, against a backdrop of agricultural commercialization, the dynamics of the rice grain production and consumption will increasingly be driven by the quality of grains demanded by consumers to be produced by farmers and marketed by traders in the open market. The present study was a national perception survey aimed at establishing the current status of rice grain quality based on the perspectives of traders and consumers interviewed at selected market places in four major cities across the country. In separate interviews conducted with315 consumers and traders selected at random from 45 markets around the country, individual responses were solicited on the general interests of consumers and traders, as well as the marketing practices and aspirations for the improvement of rice grain quality in the country. Results obtained from the two surveys suggest that the priorities of rice consumers for grain quality were generally similar to those of the traders. For example, between to 63 to 100 per cent (84 %all cities) of consumers and 69 to 100 percent (88% all cities) of traders interviewed indicated preference for imported rice, with a significant positive correlation (r = 0.78) between the two groups. Among rice products found in the market, the imported high swelling, long grain rice was shown to be preferred by both traders and consumers, due mostly to the high swelling power and non-seasonal market availability of that grain type. Other results suggest that both traders and consumers desire further improvement in grain quality, even though they do not consider this to be of high priority. The study leads to the conclusion that imported rice products are more popular than local rice products among rice traders and consumers in Sierra Leone. It is speculated that such preference might have been driven directly by the priorities of household food decisions and indirectly by the general socio-economics of food production and consumption in the country.
Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in Black Pied cattle in the Novosibirsk Region using microsatellite markers
Authors: Aitnazarov R. B. , Mishakova T. M. , Yudin N. S.
Published: January 2022

There are currently over a thousand indigenous cattle breeds well adapted to local habitat conditions thanks to their long history of evolution and breeding. Identification of the genetic variations controlling the adaptation of local cattle breeds for their further introduction into the genome of highly productive global breeds is a matter of great relevance. Studying individual populations of the same breed with the use of microsatellite markers makes it possible to assess their genetic diversity, relationships, and breed improvement potential. Although the Black Pied breed is the most common dairy cattle breed in Russia, there are only a few studies on genetic diversity in local Black Pied populations in some Russian regions. The goal of the present study was to analyze the genetic diversity in Black Pied cattle populations in the Novosibirsk Region and compare them with other Russian populations; to identify significantly divergent populations with a view to preserving them under the programs aimed at maintaining the genetic diversity of the domestic Black Pied breed. DNA samples from 4788 animals of the Black Pied breed from six breeding enterprises in the Novosibirsk Region have been studied using 11 microsatellite markers. No significant differences in genetic variability parameters were found between individual populations. Private alleles have been identified in five out of six populations. Five populations have shown inbreeding coefficient values (FIS) below zero, which indicates heterozygosity excess. The population distribution test, principal component analysis, FST and DEST values, cluster analysis, and phylogenetic analysis have revealed two populations genetically distinct from the others. Essentially, the genetic diversity parameters of the six studied Black Pied cattle populations from the Novosibirsk Region show no significant differences from other Russian populations of the breed. Excess heterozygosity is observed in most breeding enterprises, which is a sign of a low inbreeding rate. To maintain the genetic diversity of the Russian Black Pied cattle, we recommend focusing on the two populations with significant genetic distinctions from the others.