bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contributions to Molecular Phylogeny of Lichen-Forming Fungi, 1. The Family Candelariaceae
Authors: Kondratyuk S. Y. , Lőkös L. , Jeong M.-H. , Oh S.-O. , Kondratiuk A. S. , Hur J.-S.
Published: October 2020

Three genera new for science, i.e. Candelinella S. Y. Kondr. for the Candelariella makarevichiae group, Opeltiella S. Y. Kondr. for the Candelaria fraudans group, as well as Protocandelariella Poelt, D. Liu, J.-S. Hur et S. Y. Kondr. for the Candelariella subdeflexa group are proposed for robust monophyletic branches of the Candelariaceae on the basis of three-gene phylo- geny (i.e. concatenated nrITS, 12S mtSSU and 28S nrLSU sequences). Eight new combinations, i.e. Candelinella makarevichiae (for Candelariella makarevichiae S. Y. Kondr., L. Lokos et J.-S. Hur), Candelinella deppeanae (for Candelariella deppeanae M. Westb.), Opeltiella fraudans (for Candelaria fraudans Poelt et Oberw.), Opeltiella fibrosoides (for Candelaria fibrosoides M. Westb. et Froden), Opeltiella rubrisoli (for Candelariella rubrisoli D. Liu et J.-S. Hur), Opeltiella canadensis (for Candelariella canadensis H. Magn.), Protocandelariella subdeflexa (for Lecanora subdeflexa Nyl.), Protocandelariella blastidiata (for Candelariella blastidiata L. Yakovchenko) are provided.

Molecular data provided for Candelinella makarevichiae (including holotype and iso- type), as well as additional specimens of Candelaria asiatica from South Korea for the first time. The latter species (Candelaria asiatica) from China, as well as’Candelaria’ murrayi from Argentina, South America are recorded for the first time. Voucher of Candelariella vitellina from Antarctica is also identified based on molecular phylogeny. It is for the first time shown that ’Candelaria’murrayi is positioned in the outermost position to Candelaria s. str. branch of the phylogenetic tree of the Candelariaceae, and may belong to another genus. Status of the ’Candelariella’medians group, the’Candelariella’ placodizans group, as well as single species ’Candelariella’reflexa and’Candelaria’ pacifica, forming separate branches outside the Candelariella s. str. and Candelaria s. str. clades, will be clarified when additional molecular data will be accumulated. Candelariella subsquamulosa D. Liu et Hur, recently described from South Korea (Liu et al. 2019), proved to be a new synonym of Candelinella makarevichiae.
Current Taxonomy of the Lichen Family Teloschistaceae from India with Descriptions of New Species
Authors: Mishra G. K. , Upreti D. K. , Nayaka S. , Thell A. , Kärnefelt I. , Lőkös L. , Hur J.-S. , Sinha G. P. , Kondratyuk S. Y.
Published: October 2020

The present study recorded 36 genera and 115 species of the lichen family Teloschistaceae in India. Three species, i.e. Caloplaca rajasthanica S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et G. P. Sinha, Huriella upre- tiana S. Y. Kondr., G. K. Mishra, Nayaka et A. Thell, and Squamulea uttarkashiana S. Y. Kondr., Upreti, Nayaka et A. Thell, are described as new species. Seven new combinations, i.e. Fulgo- gasparrea awasthii (Y. Joshi et Upreti) S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et A. Thell, Neobrownliella cinnabarina (Ach.) S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et A. Thell, Neobrownliella holochracea (Nyl.) S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et A. Thell, Opeltia flavorubescens (Huds.) S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Oxneriopsis bassiae (Willd. ex Ach.) S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et J.-S. Hur, Upretia hueana (B. de Lesd.) S. Y. Kondr. et Upreti and Megaspora subpoliotera (Y. Joshi et Upreti) S. Y. Kondr., Upreti et A. Thell, are proposed based on nrITS phylogeny in the Teloschistaceae and Megasporaceae consequently. Validation of combination Olegblumia demissa is provided. Molecular data on Fulgogasparrea awasthii andMegaspora subpoliotera are recorded from India for the first time. Four new genera including one species each, i.e. Lazarenkoiopsis ussuriensis (Oxner, S. Y. Kondr. et Elix) S. Y. Kondr., L. őkö et J.-S. Hur, Mikhtomia gordejevii (Tomin) S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A. Thell, J. Kim, A. S. Kondratiuk et J.-S. Hur, Olegblumia demissa (Flot.) S. Y. Kondr., L. őkö, J. Kim, A. S. Kond- ratiuk, S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur and Pachypeltis intrudens (H. Magn.) Sochting Froden et Arup, as well as the genus Megaspora are reported as new for the Indian lichen biota.

Out of the eight lichenogeographical regions of India, the Western Himalayas show the maximum diversity of Teloschistaceae members represented with 110 species followed by the Central Indian region with 38 species. The lichen genus Caloplaca is represented with 50 species in the country followed by Athallia and Rusavskia with 6 species each. The saxi- colous taxa exhibit dominance with 65 species whereas the corticolous and terricolous taxa are represented by 48 and 9 species, respectively. Among the different states of India, Ut- tarakhand showed the maximum diversity represented by 54 species followed by the state of Jammu & Kashmir with 37 species, whereas the Jharkhand and Meghalaya states are represented only by the occurrence of a single species each. A key to the genera and species together with the description, basionyms and synonyms of each species are provided.
Notes on Some Species of Colura (Lejeuneaceae, Jungermanniopsida), with Description of Colura Cataractarum from Madagascar
Authors: Pócs T.
Published: October 2020

Examination of about one hundred unidentified Colura specimens resulted in new distributional data of eleven uncommon species, C. australiensis, C. bicornis, C. calyptrifolia, C. crispiloba, C. cristata, C. heimii, C. humbertii, C. imperfecta, C. obesa, C. rhynchophora, C. saroltae and a new species of sect. Colura from Madagascar, C. cataractarum.
Una Nueva Especie Del Género Esenbeckia (Rutaceae) Del Estado De Michoacan, Mexico
Authors: Alvarez C.H. Ramos
Published: October 2020

Se describe una nueva especie del genero Esenbeckia (Rutaceae) de la cuenca baja del rio Balsas, en la llamada “Tierra Caliente”.

A new species of the genus Esenbeckia (Rutaceae) is herein described; it was found in the lower Balsas River basin, in the zone referred to as “Tierra Caliente”.
Mentoring programmes for disadvantaged children in selected European countries
Authors: Óhidy Andrea , Comes Nadine , Pikula Norbert
Published: October 2020

‘Education for all’ and widening access to education with the aim of creating more social equality are long-term goals of the European education policy. Although there was an education expansion in the last decades in most of European countries, educational attainment and achievement still reflect social inequalities: students with less advantaged socio-economic backgrounds are still significantly underrepresented in higher educational institutions and need supporting measures for educational success. Roma students in particular suffer from multiple deprivation: Firstly, because a large part of the Roma population lives in poverty. Secondly, because their different cultural traditions often lead to discrimination in school education. Roma women additionally suffer from social injustice and deprivation because of the gender aspect: the traditional Roma culture defines the place of women to be with the family at home and an educational career is not necessary for that. Mentoring programmes are considered as successful in helping disadvantaged pupils and students to achieve better results in education. A special form of mentoring programmes is often included as a part of teacher education with the goal of not only helping disadvantaged children but also preparing future teachers to cope with diversity in schools. This article introduces practical and conceptual issues regarding mentoring programmes for disadvantaged children focussing on two perspectives: on the impact on the mentees – disadvantaged children with special regard to Roma students, and on the effect on the mentors – students in teacher training.
Current issues concerning education for democracy in Hungary
Authors: Kaposi József
Published: October 2020

The importance of preparation for citizenship has been recognized for millennia, while education for democracy has been central to pedagogical thinking in Europe and in Hungary for more than a quarter of a century (Crick Report, European Year of Citizenship through Education, EU key competences, modified version of the NCC). Educating a citizenry that is capable of thinking independently, is equipped with critical skills and can deliberate about matters appears in these documents as a definitive goal. The concept of civic competence or citizenship competence indicates a combination of such knowledge, skills, abilities and values that make the individual capable of effectively participating in an everyday life that is based on democratic values as well as in civic society (Hoskins and Crick, 2008, cited by Kinyó, Az állampolgári kompetencia egyes összetevőinek és a közösségi tevékenységformák jellemzőinek vizsgálata 7. és 11. évfolyamos tanulók körében[PhD dissertation: Individual Components of the Competence of Citizenship and an Examination of the Characteristics of Forms of Community Activities Among Students in the 7th to 11th Grades], 2012). The various models of preparation in schools assume that civic knowledge has identifiable elements that can be taught (e.g. texts of legal documents, constitutional principles, the structure of the state); at the same time, civic "knowledge" comprises rather the adoption of attitudes and the practice of certain skills. This study, supported by research data based on survey questions, seeks to discover the degree of prevalence of education for democracy and citizenship in everyday practice, as well as the kinds of problems those affected see in this area and what recommendations they have to address these difficulties.
Internet gaming as a coping method among schizophrenic patients facing psychological distress
Authors: Chang Yun-Hsuan , Chang Kun-Chia , Hou Wen-Li , Lin Chung-Ying , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: October 2020

Background and aims

Patients with schizophrenia are known to use potentially addictive psychoactive substances as self-medication and to ease psychological distress. Other potentially addictive behaviors such as online gaming are also used to self-medicate and ease psychological distress. However, the role of online gaming and problematic gaming (in the form of internet gaming disorder [IGD]) has not previously been investigated for patients with schizophrenia facing distress.

Methods

One hundred and four participants diagnosed with schizophrenia were recruited and completed a number of psychometric scales including the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSPS), Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS-SF9), Self-Stigma Scale-Short (SSS-S), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Results

The results showed significant negative associations between PSPS, IGDS-SF9, and DASS-21, and significant positive correlations between the IGDS-SF-9, SSS-S and DASS-21. Moreover, IGD did not mediate the association between self-stigma and depression. However, IGD significantly mediated the association between self-stigma and anxiety, and the association between self-stigma and stress. In addition, (i) age and self-stigma were significant predictors for IGD; (ii) social function and self-stigma were significant predictors for depression; (iii) social function, self-stigma, and IGD were significant predictors for anxiety; and (iv) self-stigma and IGD were significant predictors for stress.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that online gaming may be a coping strategy for individuals with schizophrenia with psychological stress and self-stigma and that for some of these individuals, their gaming may be problematic.
Seeing, imagined, and lived
Authors: Silva Knuppel Anandi
Published: October 2020

Scholarship on Hindu traditions and practices proposes the practice of darshan as fundamental to Hindu traditions, particularly in temple worship, observing that devotees seek out images of deities primarily to see them and “receive” their darshan. These works typically gloss the definition of darshan with a sentence or two about seeing, exchanging glances, and/or receiving blessings. In this paper, I focus on the ways in which darshan is ideally imagined in conjunction with other bodily sensory practices through sources of authority, such as texts and senior devotees, to create a specific sensory experience and expectation in the transnational Gaudiya Vaishnava community. I then look to the lived realities of darshan in this tradition, specifically how devotees negotiate the structures created through sources of authority in their daily lives. Through this juxtaposition of idealized and lived darshan, I argue that we need a new approach towards theories of practice to take into account the complexities of darshanic moments in this and other religious practices.
Non-binary sexual and gender identities in the community
Authors: Almarri Saqer A
Published: October 2020

The Mamluk jurist 'Abd al-Rahim al-Isnawi's legal manual on the cases involving a khuntha (an intersex person) was comprehensive on matters of religious practice. It allows us to understand the underlying doctrinal strategies that the jurists used in regulating the khuntha's access to public life. This article attempts to examine specific strategies that al-Isnawi used in his legal manual's chapter on salah (ritual prayer). Through an exploration of the doctrines in the chapter affecting a khuntha's comportment and location, I assess the possible consequences of such doctrines on the life of a khuntha. The major consequence is the khuntha's social isolation in the name of accommodating them in a community's mosque by providing a specific row for them. The accommodation requires outing a khuntha as such within the community space, leading to further isolation, even when the khuntha is not a singular subject within the community.
Divine Variations: How Christian Thought Became Racial Science By T. Keel (2018)
Authors: Prentiss Craig
Published: October 2020

Divine Variations: How Christian Thought Became Racial Science By T. Keel (2018) Stanford: Stanford University Press, xii + 188pp.
Christian Flesh By P. J. Griffiths (2018)
Authors: Lloyd Vincent
Published: October 2020

Christian Flesh By P. J. Griffiths (2018) Stanford: Stanford University Press, xviii + 153pp.
Cross Cultural Perspectives on Technology-Enhanced Language Learning, edited by Dara Tafazoli, M. Elena Gomez Parra, and Cristina A. Huertas-Abril
Authors: Arinder Jo Ann
Published: October 2020

Cross Cultural Perspectives on Technology-Enhanced Language Learning

Edited by Dara Tafazoli, M. Elena Gomez Parra, and Cristina A. Huertas-Abril

Hershey, PA: IGA

US $ 195

ISBN 9781522554639 (Hardback)

436 pages

2018
Gameful Second and Foreign Language Teaching and Learning: Theory, Research, and Practice, by Jonathon Reinhardt
Authors: Wendorf Arthur
Published: October 2020

Gameful Second and Foreign Language Teaching and Learning: Theory, Research, and Practice

Jonathon Reinhardt

Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan

US $ 95

ISBN 9783030047283 (Hardback)

332 pages

2019
An Empirical Study on Vocabulary Recall and Learner Autonomy through Mobile?Assisted Language Learning in Blended Learning Settings
Authors: Sato Takeshi , Murase Fumiko , Burden Tyler
Published: October 2020

This study aims to examine the efficacy of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) of English as a foreign or second language (L2) through two perspectives: learning gain and learner autonomy. Previous studies have shown that L2 learning combined with media could activate the learning processes, resulting in an easier recall of the target vocabulary required in L2. In addition, mobileassisted L2 learning could also enhance autonomous learning inasmuch as successful MALL would have to rely mainly on the autonomous learner even in learning contexts where the goal and task are already fixed. Based on this standpoint, the study hypothesizes that the engagement in L2 learning with mobile devices along with a classroom-based writing course could make L2 learners not only achieve the target L2 lexis effectively, leading to better L2 writing performance, but also help them to be more autonomous even in a setting when the task and goal are fixed. To test this hypothesis, both empirical and questionnaire studies were conducted for Japanese undergraduates (n=94). Based on the results of three weeks of L2 academic writing practice between groups learning with and without mobile devices, the findings of our t-test analyses of learners’ vocabulary recall and a questionnaire survey about learner autonomy suggested that MALL significantly contributed not only to L2 vocabulary recall in comprehensive and productive tests, but also to enhancing positive attitudes towards autonomous learning.
Testing a Research-Based Digital Learning Tool
Authors: Bang Hee Jin , Olander Kirsten , Lenihan Erin
Published: October 2020

This study examines the English language learning outcomes of young Chinese L1 children when using a digital self-guided learning tool, ABCmouse English, created by Age of Learning, Inc. and designed based on principles of second language research. In a pretest, posttest study design, experiment group participants used the digital learning tool to engage in English language learning activities for 15–20 minutes daily for six months while a control group used a comparable digital tool to do online math activities for an equivalent amount of time. Results showed that experiment group learners demonstrated significantly greater English language gains than control group peers. Data from parent surveys support these results, shedding light on children’s overall engagement in the activities, and providing information about their motivation and confidence levels in English. Findings show that the research-based digital language learning activities in ABCmouse English were effective at promoting learning in this population, supporting the idea that teachers and parents can use tools like this to help younger learners develop English language skills in English as a Foreign Language contexts like China.
Advancing the Cognitive Science of Religion through Replication and Open Science
Authors: Hoogeveen Suzanne , Van Elk Michiel
Published: October 2020

The Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) is a relatively young but prolific field that has offered compelling insights into religious minds and practices. However, many empirical findings within this field are still preliminary and their reliability remains to be determined. In this paper, we first argue that it is crucial to critically evaluate the CSR literature and adopt  open science practices and replication research in particular to move the field forward. Second, we highlight the outcomes of previous replications and make suggestions for future replication studies in the CSR, with a particular focus on neuroscience, developmental psychology, and qualitative research. Finally, we provide a “replication script” with advice on how to select, conduct, and organize replication research. Our approach is illustrated with a “glimpse behind the scenes” of the recently launched Cross-Cultural Religious Replication Project, in the hope of inspiring scholars of religion to embrace open science and replication in their own research.
Conventional and Genetic Evidence on the Association between Adiposity and CKD
Authors: Zhu Pengfei , Herrington William G. , Haynes Richard , Emberson Jonathan , Landray Martin J. , Sudlow Cathie L.M. , Woodward Mark , Baigent Colin , Lewington Sarah , Staplin Natalie
Published: October 2020

Significance Statement

Conventional epidemiology associates increased body mass index (BMI) with higher risk of CKD. Diabetes and high BP explain half of the association. However, residual confounding factors preclude causal inferences and impede mediation assessments. A genetic approach (Mendelian randomization) may overcome these limitations. Analyses of 281,228 genotyped UK Biobank participants identified positive independent genetic associations between central and general adiposity with CKD, suggesting both are causal risk factors. Conventional approaches underestimate the role of known mediators. Diabetes and BP (and correlates) explain >80% of genetic associations between waist-to-hip ratio and CKD and two-thirds between BMI and CKD. In people without diabetes, obesity appeared to cause CKD. BP accounted for about half of the BMI-CKD associations.

Background

The size of any causal contribution of central and general adiposity to CKD risk and the underlying mechanism of mediation are unknown.

Methods

Data from 281,228 UK Biobank participants were used to estimate the relevance of waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index (BMI) to CKD prevalence. Conventional approaches used logistic regression. Genetic analyses used Mendelian randomization (MR) and data from 394 waist-to-hip ratio and 773 BMI-associated loci. Models assessed the role of known mediators (diabetes mellitus and BP) by adjusting for measured values (conventional analyses) or genetic associations of the selected loci (multivariable MR).

Results

Evidence of CKD was found in 18,034 (6.4%) participants. Each 0.06 higher measured waist-to-hip ratio and each 5-kg/m2 increase in BMI were associated with 69% (odds ratio, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.64 to 1.74) and 58% (1.58; 1.55 to 1.62) higher odds of CKD, respectively. In analogous MR analyses, each 0.06–genetically-predicted higher waist-to-hip ratio was associated with a 29% (1.29; 1.20 to 1.38) increased odds of CKD, and each 5-kg/m2 genetically-predicted higher BMI was associated with a 49% (1.49; 1.39 to 1.59) increased odds. After adjusting for diabetes and measured BP, chi-squared values for associations for waist-to-hip ratio and BMI fell by 56%. In contrast, mediator adjustment using multivariable MR found 83% and 69% reductions in chi-squared values for genetically-predicted waist-to-hip ratio and BMI models, respectively.

Conclusions

Genetic analyses suggest that conventional associations between central and general adiposity with CKD are largely causal. However, conventional approaches underestimate mediating roles of diabetes, BP, and their correlates. Genetic approaches suggest these mediators explain most of adiposity-CKD–associated risk.
Assessment of Competition in the Fishing Industry in the Far Eastern Federal District in Terms of the Quota Analysis
Authors:   Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (Vladivostok, Russian Federation), Saltykov Maksim A. ,   Vladivostok Branch of the Russian Customs Academy (Vladivostok, Russian Federation), Obraztsova Elizaveta Yu. ,   Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (Vladivostok, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the impact of competition in the market of aquatic biological resources on the end-user price of fish products and the introduction of an auction quota mechanism for the catch of aquatic biological resources proposed by the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia to increase competition in the industry and cut prices in retail fish markets. The study aims to test the hypothesis that the fishing industry has a high level of monopolisation and low competition based on the data on the allocation of quotas for the aquatic biological resources of the largest fishery region—the Far East fishery basin. Technical issues of conducting research in the Far East fish products market are considered using concentration coefficients and taking into account its specificity, geographical location, and trade flows of fish products. Based on the distribution of quotas for the total allowable catch of the magister armhook squid (Berryteuthis magister), walleye pollock, Pacific herring, cod, Kamchatka crab, and smear dab in the subzones of the Far East fishing area, (1) market shares of fishing enterprises are analysed, leading producers are identified in each of the analysed segments with an estimate of their specific share in the total volume of quotas for aquatic biological resources, (2) the CR3 concentration ratio and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index are calculated, with the variance of the quotas, the mode and the median of the distribution of the quotas additionally calculated. Assessment of the CR3 concentration index and the Herfindahl–Hirschman index for the producers of Pacific herring, walleye pollock, cod, Kamchatka crab,and smear dab allowed classifying these markets as non-concentrated, while a significantly higher concentration was found for the magister armhook squid producers. The study did not confirm the assumption of monopolisation and high concentration of the fishing industry. The formation of the retail market price of fish products is influenced by various factors, including logistics, the number of resellers, and some others. Alternative distribution channels for fishing companies, reduction of the number of intermediaries between producers and retail consumers, and the creation of fish markets may prove an effective way to develop the industry.
Labour Market in the Conditions of Digitalization: Possible Risks of Subjects of Labour Relations
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin Saratov State Technical University (Saratov, Russian Federation), Yanchenko Elena V.
Published: October 2020

The relevance of the topic of the functioning of the labour market in the conditions of digitalization is due to the need for identifying and accounting for the risks of subjects of labour relations. The author reviews modern literature sources to determine the impact of digitalization on the labour market, identifies the positive and negative manifestations of this impact, defines the concept of risk for subjects of labour relations, and describes its main types and determinants. The correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between the economy and society digitalization index and the unemployment rate shows that the risks are low and the relationship is weak. The risk of unemployment in the context of digitalization is directly related to the level of the flexibility of the labor market and the elasticity of unemployment. In the conclusion, the author describes the novelty of the approach and gives recommendations for the state regulation of the issue.
The Essence and Role of Preliminaring in Matters of Interaction Between Representatives of Generation Z and Employers
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation), Kazakova Marina I. , Shurmina Tatyana V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation)
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of interaction between organisations and youth in the context of preliminaring. The authors reveal the essence of preliminaring as a method of attracting promising young specialists from among students and graduates of educational institutions to work in companies through industrial work placements and/or internships. The authors present the results of surveys of students of several Ural universities, which made it possible to determine the key focuses and priority forms of interaction between employers and the target youth audience, and the key theses of interviews with representatives of employers on the practice of organising preliminaring. On the basis of the consolidation of the results of the research, the authors propose a list of preliminaring events for recruitment agencies; other organisations interested in attracting young and promising employees can use an adapted version of the list.
Development of the theory of research education in the national school (for the period from the late 19th century and to the beginning of the 20th century).
Authors:   Gymnasium №1 of Vitebsk named after J. Alfyorov, Vitebsk, Belarus., Gelyasin Alexander E. , Gelyasina Elena V. ,   Vitebsk regional Institute of education development. Vitebsk, Belarus
Published: October 2020

The article contains the results of a historical and pedagogical research aimed at studying the first stage of establishment of methods of research training in the National school. It was shown that the progressive pedagogical idea of the second half of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century had made a positive comprehensive assessment of the method of research training. The analysis of A. Hert’s works helped find out that Hert had been the first to carry out a distinction of methods of research education based on the research activity level of students. He also suggested a rather neat typology of the education methods. The study of scientific papers written by V. Polovtsev, B. Raikov, S. Sozonov and other scientists provided with a chance to determine the ways of genesis of methods of research education.
Personal characteristics in adolescence and adolescence.
Authors:   Kuban state University, Krasnodar, Russia, Semyonova Anna Vitalievna
Published: October 2020

This article reveals the problem of personal characteristics in adolescence and youth. The mental development of adolescents and young people, the central neoplasms of adolescence and youth, social development situations and the role and place in the ontogenesis of adolescence and youth were analyses. The results of this article can be used in the practical work of psychologists, in family and age counselling, as part of psychological and pedagogical support of the educational process and for a better understanding of the personal development processes of adolescents and young people. The article is recommended for reading by researchers of psychological and pedagogical specialties, teachers, and psychologists, students of psychological and pedagogical areas of study, parents, as well as teenagers and young men. Adolescence is characterized by the importance of contacts, the intensity of socialization and interest in one's personality. Through reflection, self-awareness develops. Intimate personal and spontaneous group communication becomes more active, and a sense of maturity emerges.
Genesis of the concepts of social and psychological adaptation in young teenagers.
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia, Skrynnikova Nina V. , Ignatovich Vladlen K. ,   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article gives the concept of younger adolescence, its age-related psychological characteristics, as well as socio-psychological adaptation. The main tasks of development of younger adolescents of a given age period, determined by the environ-ment of social development and the genesis of ideas about the socio-psychological adaptation of this age, are considered. The object of the study was the younger adolescence. The subject is the process of socio-psychological adaptation in early adolescence. The aim of the study was to identify the age-related characteristics of socio-psychological adaptation during this period. The objective of the study was to analyze the theoretical literature and sources in the field of psychological characteristics of adolescence and socio-psychological adaptation. The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis of literature, hypothet-ical-deductive method, modeling method. The results obtained are the basis for further work in this area.
Interaction between family and school as the main educational institution in society.
Authors:   Kuban state University, Krasnodar, Russia, Ignatovich Svetlana S. , Ignatovich Vladlen K. ,   Kuban state University, Krasnodar, Russia, Ignatovich Arina V. ,   Moscow city pedagogical University
Published: October 2020

The article describes the problem of formation (development) a child in a family. It demonstrates a problem in parent-child relationships.Distinctive features and characteristics of the modern family are given. The article analyzes scientific literature and methodological recommendations on family education. The basic rules on the basis of which the in-teraction between family and school as the main educational institution in society is based are highlighted. The family as a socio-cultural phenomenon allows us to speak not about forming it according to a certain set pattern, but about optimizing the process of family education. Psychological mechanisms of child socialization in the family are revealed. It is shown that in addition to the main socio-economic factors, other factors – biological, psychological, moral, and demographic-are involved in the transformation of the family. It is noted that family life is characterized by numerous relationships: socio-biological, economic, moral, and psychological. From the variety of functions performed by the family, educational and parental functions are highlighted.
The problem of emotional development of preschool children.
Authors:   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia, Stava Viola S. , Ignatovich Vladlen K. ,   Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article considers preschool age as an important stage in the development of a child, which forms the basis of the emotional sphere of a personality. The problem of emotional development of children of this age is shown in the works of famous teachers, psychologists (L.S.Vygotsky, A.N. Leontyev, S.L. Rubinstein, D.B. Elkonin). The emphasis is made on the fact that emotional experiences are caused by a deep inner meaning associated with the leading motive of the child's activity. It is noted that a child at this age begins to foresee not only the intellectual results of his activity, but also emotional ones. Emotional experiences in the child's activities aimed at achieving a result useful for others are highlighted. The systemic activity approach is characterized, according to which emotional development is explained from the standpoint of the ap-pearance of neoplasms of a preschooler. These new formations arise and develop thanks to role-playing games, reading fairy tales and imitating the heroes of fairy tales. A fairy tale that helps create one’s inner world is defined.
Mediative approach as a social and psychological tool of pedagogical diagnostics existing business processes.
Authors:   Voronezh State Technical University, Popov Peter P. ,   Association of mediators «NOM», Gapchenko Viktor S. ,   Board of mediators at the Balashikha CCI., Litvinov Kirill A. ,   Krasnodar Multiprofile Institurte of Continual Education, Krasnodar, Russia, Ivanov Oleg B. ,   Board of mediators at the chamber of Commerce of the Moscow region
Published: October 2020

Mediation is actively used in dispute resolution practice in organizations and labor collectives in national and international companies abroad. In the Russian Federation, such activities – educational, legislative and practical – are conducted by the Scientific and Methodological Center for Mediation and Law. A significant obstacle associated with the possible introduction of mediation in the practice of large Russian commercial holdings is the specifics of personal experience of business owners themselves. Basically such enterprises were created in the 90s of the XX century, and differ in criminal stories of their appearance. Mediation is not suitable for resolving all industrial disputes.In our opinion, based on the study of literature on the subject of studying the boundaries of mediation application in the management of industrial conflicts – fundamental, i.e., those that relate to the characteristics of people, and systemic, i.e., those that relate to the organizational structure of the enterprise.
PENJATUHAN SANKSI PIDANA KEPADA ANAK YANG MEMBAWA PREKURSOR NARKOTIKA
Authors: Nopiyan Nopiyan
Published: October 2020

Tingginya nilai sebuah peradaban menimbulkan kemajuan bagi kehidupan manusia namun juga membawa dampak buruk jika semua itu tidak ditempatkan pada tempatnya, terutama terhadap anak-anak. Anak sebagai tunas dan penerus bangsa seharusnya dijaga dan dilindungi hak dan kewajibannya untuk tidak melakukan hal yang tidak sesuai dengan usia dan lingkungannya serta memperhatikan pergaulan anak saat ini sangat berbahaya disaat bergaul secara bebas biasa berdampak pada penyalahgunaan narkotika seperti dalam kasus ini dimana desakan dari teman yang mengarah kepada anak-anak untuk melakukan tindak pidana narkotika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan informasi serta data yang terkait mengenai aturan hukum yang ada guna menjawab isu hukum yang berkembang dan dihadapi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor desakan dari teman yang membuat tindak pidana pemufakatan jahat membawa prekursor narkotika tersebut terjadi dan hakim dalam memutus perkara tersebut dalam pertimbangannya telah sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku sebagaimana terdapat dalam ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang  Narkotika, KUHP dan Undang-Undang Pengadilan Anak.Tindak pidana pemufakatan jahat membawa prekursor narkotika yang terjadi diwilayah hukum Pengadilan Negeri Sleman yang dilakukan oleh anak-anak terselesaikan melalui persidangan dengan Perkara Nomor : 218/Pid.Sus/2013/Pn.Slmn dimana terdakwa dipidana dengan pidana penjara 1 (satu) tahun 6 (enam) bulan.Kata kunci : Anak, Prekursor Narkotika, Sanksi Pidana
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB TERJADINYA PERKOSAAN INCEST
Authors: Zalzabella Desilasidea Cahya
Published: October 2020

Aborsi merupakan salah satu isu klasik yang selalu diperdebatkan. Polarisasi dari perbedaan pandangan ini adalah pembelaan terhadap hak hidup janin atau pembelaan terhadap perempuan yang mengandung. Aborsi pada kehamilan yang tidak di inginkan sudah marak adanya. Salah satunya ialah karena perkosaan incest. Perkosaan incset merupakan tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh orang terdekat yang masih memiliki ikatan darah (ayah kepada anak, kakak kepada adik, paman kepada keponakan) sehingga mengakibatkan kerugian fisik dan mental terhadap korban. Berkaitan dengan rumusan masalah bagaimana pertanggungjawaban tindak pidana aborsi sebagai akibat perkosaan incest dan apa faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya perkosaan incest. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normative dengan sampel data berupa putusan Nomor 5/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN.Mbn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku tindak pidana aborsi akibat perkosaan incest dalam kasus yang penulis teliti dibebaskan dari segala tuntutan setelah adanya banding ke Pengadilan Tinggi. Hakim memutuskan putusan secara adil dibandingkan putusan awal karena Hakim kurang objektif dalam mengambil keputusan sehingga pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap kasus aborsi akibat perkosaan khususnya perkosaan incest. Faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perkosaan incest pada kasus tersebut dan kasus pidana putusan Nomor 430/Pid.Sus/2015/PN.Smn yaitu karena kurangnya pendidikan atau edukasi yang diterima serta kurangnya pengawasan orang tua pada anak, juga kurangnya iman yang ditanamkan pada diri. Kata Kunci: Aborsi, Perkosaan Incest, Pertanggungjawaban Pidana
PENERAPAN E-TILANG DALAM PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS
Authors: Sabadina Uni
Published: October 2020

Hasil survey Dinas Perhubungan Kota Yogyakarta peningkatan kendaraan tiap tahunnya mencapai 140 ribu hingga 150 ribu.Transportasi yang semakin banyak, pelanggaran lalu lintas pastinya tidak dapat terelakkan. Proses tilang yang selama ini telah dilakukan secara konvensional masih kurang dalam pemberlakuannya, Pihak Kepolisian melakukan inovasi baru yaitu E-Tilang. Melihat hasil dari E-Tilang hasilnya masih belum maksimal. Dengan mengacu pada rumusan masalah yang ada mengenai pelaksanaan sistem E-Tilang dalam menyelesaikan perkara tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas dan penerapan sanksi melalui sistem E-Tilang. Penelitian ini penelitian hukum normatif, dimana metode yang dipakai berfungsi sebagai kacamata untuk melihat bekerjanya aspek hukum yang saat ini berlaku dengan keadaan nyata di lapangan, apakah terjadi kesenjangan antara peraturan dan pelaksanaannya. Data yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah data sekunder, dimana data yang diperoleh dari penelaahan kepustakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah E-Tilang di wilayah hukum Polresta Yogyakarta dilakukan dengan Elektronik untuk sistem pembayarannya dendanya dengan menggunakan server yang terintegrasi oleh korlantas, pelanggar membayar denda melalui Bank tanpa harus datang ke Pengadilan, terkait sanksi akan diberikan denda sesuai dengan pelanggaran yang telah dilakukan oleh pelanggar, dalam proses penegakan perkara tindak pidana pelanggaran lalu lintas di wilayah hukum Polresta Yogyakarta telah sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Kata kunci       : Elektronik Tilang, Lalu Lintas, dan Penegakan Hukum.
UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SELAKU KORBAN KEJAHATAN ASUSILA DALAM PERDAGANGAN ANAK
Authors: Manggolokusumo Priegel , Widowaty Yeni
Published: October 2020

Eksploitasi seksual komersial anak (ESKA) dalam tindak pidana perdagangan anak sampai saat ini sering terjadi dan mengkhawatirkan anak sebagai penerus masa depan bangsa.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan metode analitis normatif yang mencakup penelitian terhadap asas-asas, sistematika, taraf sinkronisasi, sejarah dan perbandingan hukum. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan hasil analitis yang telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk perlindungan terhadap anak yang menjadi korban kejahatan asusila dalam perdagangan anak, bentuk perlindungan hukum terbagi menjadi dua yaitu; bantuan langsung (Concreto) dan bantuan tidak langsung (Abstracto). Bentuk Concreto yaitu dengan memberikan bantuan hukum, perlindungan, pendampingan serta mengupayakan perolehan kompensasi, sedangkan bantuan Abstracto yaitu dengan penerapan norma-norma dan peraturan hukum terhadap anak sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan secara berkala.
Comparison of clinical outcomes of inhaled formoterol or fluticasone versus formoterol or mometasone in the patients of bronchial asthma
Authors: Chadda Sharad , Ahmed Mushtaq , Kaur Tajinder , Singh Prashant , Mehto Amit Kumar
Published: October 2020

Background: This study was undertaken because of paucity of literature regarding outcomes of inhaled formeterol/fluticasone versus formoterol/mometasone in asthmatic patients.Methods: Fifty newly (male/female) recruited cases of bronchial asthma were diagnosed on the basis of spirometry. The patients were allocated to two groups viz group A and B. Group-A received mometasone furoate/formoterol (200/10 μg OD) and Group-B received fluticasone/formoterol (200/10 μg OD) respectively. The drugs were administered through metered-dose inhaler (MDI).Results: The mean FEV1/FVC ratio recorded (64.40±9.01) before starting the treatment has significantly changed to (68.92±8.58) after starting the treatment. Mean forced expiratory volume (47.56±14.73%) noted before the use of bronchodilator also changed to mean FEV1 63.98±15.17. Mean forced expiratory volume recorded before treatment (55.02±5.01) in a group who were treated with formoterol/mometasone combination changed to (72.06±5.86) after treatment. However, the mean forced expiratory volume recorded before treatment 54.92±4.47 in a group who were treated with formoterol/fluticasone combination changed to 75.48±5.03 after the treatment. While comparing the two treatment regimens, it is evident from the results that there is no significant difference in FEV1 between the groups. However, the post bronchodilator FEV1 was significantly (p<0.001) higher among the patient group which were treated with fluticasone/formoterol combination than the group who were treated with mometasone/formoterol combination. No significant adverse effect of either of two regimens was observed thus showing that both the combinations are comparatively safe for use.Conclusions: This study reveals that both the treatment regimens showed a significant improvement in lung functions without any significant adverse event.
A comparative study of RIPASA and Alvarado score for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Suresh Praveena , Janardhanan Rajan , Paul Deepak
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common problem and can be difficult to diagnose at time. There are many scoring systems to predict the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The most commonly used scoring system is Alvarado scoring system but, it is far from perfect. In this study we compare Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scoring system to Alvarado scoring system in correctly diagnosing acute appendicitis.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of general surgery, Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation. It comprised of 60 consecutive patients who were admitted with suspicion of appendicitis who had right iliac fossa pain. RIPASA and Alvarado scoring was done and compared to histopathology after surgery. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was calculated.Results: Majority of the patients were below 30 years of age majority were males 36 (60%). When Alvarado score predicted appendicitis in 31 (51.77%) and RIPASA in 54 (90%). When the RIPASA score was >7.5 the sensitivity was 100%, specificity 67% and accuracy was 95%.Conclusions: RIPASA scoring system is more accurate to diagnose acute appendicitis especially when RIPASA score is >7.5. literatures.
Blood glucose levels in children with acanthosis nigricans associated with obesity
Authors: Noguez Bonifacio Caballero- , Cardoso-Gomez Marco A. , Ponce-Lopez María L. , Duran Antonio Mendez- , Gomez Ulises Reyes-
Published: October 2020

Background: A body mass index ≥95 percentile increases 40 times the risk of diabetes. The hyperinsulinemia secondary to the resistance of insulin and obesity is associated to the development of acanthosis nigricans. The objective of current study was to associate acanthosis nigricans with childhood obesity with alterations in the curve of glucose tolerance.Methods: In current study 90 children were evaluated with obesity and acanthosis nigricans of which only 34 concluded the study. Glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were determined while in fasting state, and glucose tolerance curve was conducted. The statistical analysis was done by determining X², Fisher´s test and U, Mann Whitney test.Results: Statistically significant difference was found between glucose levels at 2 hours and the presence of obesity and acanthosis nigricans (p<0.01).Conclusions: It is important that all the children with obesity and Acanthosis nigricans apply for a curve of glucose tolerance.
A study on effectiveness of topical steroid therapy in boys with phimosis in the age group of 5 to 10 years
Authors: Kumar S. Selva , Kumar S. Santha , Shirley S. Alph
Published: October 2020

Background: Phimosis defined as the inability to retract the prepuce over the glans of penis is a common condition affecting boys. Objective was to study the effectiveness of topical steroid therapy (0.05% clobetasol propionate cream) in boys with phimosis in the age group of 5 to 10 years.  Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Surgery at Arunai Medical College and Hospital, Thiruvannamalai, Tamilnadu, India among 74 boys in the age group of 5 to 10 years with phimosis. The effect of twice daily application of 0.05% clobetasol propionate cream for six weeks on phimosis was studied.  Results: out of the 74 boys, 25 (33.78%) were in the age group of 5 to 6 years, 20 (27.02%) in the age group of 7 to 8 years and 29 (39.19%) in the age group of 9 to 10 years. As per Kikiros et al system of grading of retraction of foreskin, majority of the boys 30 (40.54%) were grade 4, followed by grade 2 (24 boys, 32.43%), grade 3 (14 boys, 18.93%) and grade 5 (6 boys, 8.1%). Out of the 74 boys with phimosis, 53 boys (71.62%) had associated complications. After 6 weeks of topical steroid therapy, 39 (52.71%) boys showed complete response, 24 (32.43%) boys showed partial response and 11 (14.86%) boys showed no response to the treatment regimen. There was no significant correlation between age of boys and grade of phimosis with treatment response. Significant correlation was noted between history of urinary tract infection and treatment response. None of the other complications showed significant correlation with treatment response. None of the boys had any side effects to topical steroid therapy.  Conclusions: Topical steroid application can be tried as an effective treatment modality in boys with phimosis in the age group of 5 to 10 years.