bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How the Metaverse will be used to preserve the culture of Tuvalu? v1
Authors: Alcala Kalani
Published: April 2023

To research the preservation of culture and sovereignty into a digital space I will be taking a social science approach. I plan on interviewing key actors, including but not limited to: government officials, technological leaders, cultural leaders, everyday residents. I also plan on sitting in on meetings to see how the culture is being digitized and uploaded to the metaverse. I will observe how the community is being engaged. I will collect data through recording meetings and interviews as well as careful note taking. Interviews will be somewhat standardized to gauge community understanding and feelings towards the process of digitization. In addition, I plan to count and categorize the different elements of culture that are being uploaded to the metaverse. This is a comprehensive research project which will cover many different aspects of the digital transformation of Tuvalu.
In vitro transcription of guide RNAs and 5'-triphosphate removal v2
Authors: Dewitt Mark
Published: April 2023

sgRNA template assembly, in vitro T7transcription, and sgRNA column cleanup to remove 5'-triphosphate groups
Retrieving SSH Journals Citation Information from three datasets (COCI, META and ERIH-PLUS) - Workflow v1
Authors: Soricetti Marta
Published: April 2023

Purpose: we want to find out by looking at citations data contained in COCI, the number of citations included in Meta which refer to publication in SSH (Social Sciences and Humanities) journals indicated in ERIH-PLUS the disciplines citing the most VS the disciplines cited the most the citations from/to publication contained in Meta which are not included in SSH journals We want to create a connection between these three different datasets for having an overall view of the citations present in each of them. Methodology: we approach the problem from a computational point of view, by building a python software able to analyse the data, querying them in order to retrieve the info needed and to present the results in a clear and understandable way. Findings: for what concerns the findings, we can see that there are no meaningful differences in the number of citations coming from different disciplines, since it is related to the subject of the study, while the ones cited the most belong to psychology, health and science studies. Originality/Value: the research conducted by us can be defined as very valuable, since it adds information to existing resources with the aim of facilitating their use and allowing the users to have a clearer view of the data contained in each dataset. Further development can be made, for example analysing other disciplines, to have the same overview as the one created by us but related to other fields.
Single strain culture DNA extractions with polyzyme v1
Authors: Laurich Jason
Published: April 2023

Protocol for DNA extractions from single strain bacterial cultures using the MetaPolyzyme Multilytic Enzyme mix (SIgma)
NOVO OLHAR PARA O PLANEJAMENTO SUCESSÓRIO, SOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS E A EFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO
Authors: De Menezes Santos Gabriela , De Andrade das Chagas Jefison , Gonçalves Cavalcanti Dias Clara Angélica
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem por escopo discutir o planejamento sucessório de acordo com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, apresentando as vantagens e desvantagens destes mecanismos, bem como seus preceitos de acordo com os direitos fundamentais. Assim, traz o conceito de sucessão hereditária e as espécies de sucessores, dando enfoque, especialmente, na sucessão legítima, como forma de atender à igualdade entre os descendentes, e a criação da holding familiar. Por fim, infere-se que a pandemia mundial ocasionou um cenário de incertezas e foi neste contexto, que o instrumento em análise passou a crescer exponencialmente na sociedade brasileira, uma vez que se mostra de grande serventia para evitar conflitos familiares, a partir da abertura da sucessão, reduzindo consideravelmente a marcha sucessória e os trâmites litigiosos.
A TESE DA VULNERABILIDADE INFORMACIONAL DO CONSUMIDOR NOS JULGADOS DO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Rodrigues da Cunha e Cruz Marco Aurelio , Vanzella Klering Maria Angelita
Published: April 2023

Objetiva-se abordar a tese de vulnerabilidade informacional como um mecanismo de efetividade de direitos fundamentais do consumidor. Justifica-se o tema pela relevância que é inerente à informação e ao poder de quem a detém. No entanto, há o reconhecimento da vulnerabilidade que a lei conferiu ao consumidor e o surgimento da vulnerabilidade informacional como quesito que justifica a presunção ex lege. Com este pressuposto, o texto se apoia em um raciocínio dedutivo para explicar as premissas da construção do que se reconhece normativa e conceitualmente sobre o objeto, bem como examina seis casos do Tribunal de Justiça de Santa Catarina e quatro do Superior Tribunal de Justiça que o enfrentaram. Com uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, foram cotejados as premissas e argumentos que sustentaram o conceito da vulnerabilidade, seja pela doutrina, seja pela jurisprudência, postas à apreciação, para determinar como é procedida a abordagem da vulnerabilidade do consumidor, especialmente quanto ao aspecto informacional, nas relações de consumo que advêm da região oeste de Santa Catarina. Como resultado, verificou-se o Recurso Especial nº REsp 1195642 como norteador para a aplicação da tese da vulnerabilidade informacional, uma vez que foi citado por cinco dos seis casos trazidos à discussão. Conclui-se que este precedente embasou os julgados examinados, orientando e definindo os parâmetros sobre a vulnerabilidade do consumidor, sobretudo quanto à modalidade informacional.
The First Edition of “The Justification of Good” (1897): Contemporaries’ Response. Part 3
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mezhuev B.V.
Published: April 2023

The article continues the systematic review and analysis of newspaper and magazine responses to the first edition of the main work of V. Solovyov on moral philosophy “Justification of Good” (1897). In the third part of this series of articles, critical attacks on this book from the right wing of the Russian press and public thought are considered. The critical judgments by the employee of the “Historical Review”, the publicist and jurist B.V. Nikolsky and the columnist of the “Moscovskie Vedomosti” Alexey I. Vvedensky are described in detail. The article claims that Nikolsky, a long-time and uncompromising detractor of V. Solovyov, in his critical response refused to argue with the philosopher's theoretical views and limited himself to pointing out his incompetence in a number of applied issues, in particular, with the history of legal thought. It is also said that Vvedensky, though sympathizing with V. Solovyov, condemned his departure from Russian conservatism, subjected the book to more thorough criticism. It is argued that Vvedensky was able to come to a correct understanding of the title of the work, linking the “justification” of goodness with the fullness of the embodiment of the foundations of morality in the earthly life of mankind. It is hypothesized that V.V. Solovyov could have reacted indirectly to B.V. Nikolsky's article by resorting to the help of one of the authors of the newspaper “Kavkaz”, headed by a close friend of V.V. Solovyov – poet and publicist V.L. Velichko.
The image of the author and the image of the narratoring V.S. Solovyov's autobiographical work “At the Dawn of Misty Youth”
Authors:   National Research Mordovia State University, Yurina N.G.
Published: April 2023

A linguistic analysis of V.S. Solovyov's autobiographical short story “At the Dawn of Foggy Youth” is proposed, as a result of which some features of the interaction between the author and the main character-narrator are revealed. This perspective of the study allows us to consider the ways of artistic use of language by the writer, his principles of building literary and artistic unity and conducting a dialogue with the reader. Methodologically significant for the proposed analysis was the theory of artistic speech by V.V. Vinogradov, largely determining the main directions of research. As a result of the analysis of the language layer associated with the image of the main character of the story, a conclusion is made about the variety of linguistic means peculiar to the hero's speech: expressive vocabulary, evaluative vocabulary, colloquial syntax, nonverbal language, individual features of oral dialogue. The characterization of the narrator's language as mainly literary is justified by the features of the author's idiosyncrasy, the high level of his education, the task of artistic representation of certain aspects of his own philosophy. As a result of the study of the author's features in the text, a conclusion is made about the conscious veiling of the author's image, which allows implementing a game strategy in the author's dialogue with the reader: through comments to the characters' replicas, through the ideological content of the text, in which some provisions of Solovyov's philosophy of love are artistically embodied and thus tested through composition, the choice of genre form.
The Category of “Penetration” in Vyacheslav Ivanov and Dante: the Experience of Spiritual Ascent
Authors:   University of Bologna, Landa K.
Published: April 2023

The themes of spiritual ascension and mystical ecstasy in V. Ivanov, which occupy a pivotal place in his literary production, have been recently examined by M. Tsimborska-Leboda in the context of Augustine's theology and by V. Mahlin in the context of Bakhtin's analysis of Dostoevsky's works. The theme of ecstasy has also been considered by Pamela Davidson in her 1989 monograph. The present paper proposes to analyse this very theme, but this time in the context of the theological poetics of Dante's Paradiso. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that, despite a number of immediately discernible parallels, the differences between Dante's and Ivanov's conceptions of ecstasy have not been fully identified yet, notwithstanding the significant influence exerted by Dante’s texts on the conception of ecstasy in Ivanov’s writings on Symbolism. Comparing Ivanov's and Dante's models of ascent, P. Davidson sees a fundamental difference between Ivanov's and Dante's conceptions of ecstasy in Ivanov's rejection of the moral-ethical dimension as a sine qua non of the mystical quest. This article reveals another important difference between Dante's and Ivanov's descriptions of ecstasy, one that concerns the category of “penetration”. Focusing on Ivanov’s articles and Dante’s Paradiso, the article analyses them in relation to the category of “penetration”, to be understood as the ultimate realization of transcendence in Ivanov as well as in Dante’s poem. It highlights the similarity between Ivanov’s and Dante’s thinking as far as the category of “sobornost” is concerned, whereby a vertical relationship with the Supreme Being implies a horizontal relationship with the Other, to the extent of spiritual penetration into the Other. However, it is argued that, while in Ivanov's description of ecstasy the ascent of man and artist begins with erotic rapture and, at its highest stage, implies detachment from all earthly things and separation from them, for Dante the ascent, as described in the Paradiso, is accompanied by spiritual interpenetration which occurs in interpersonal communion even at the height of the mystical vision. The conclusion is that, although Ivanov's other works treat the theme of transcendence in a similar way to how it is treated in Dante, Ivanov’s treatment of ecstasy in his articles on Symbolism differs significantly from its description in the Commedia.
The Baudelaire Trace in the Poetry of A.A. Blok: toward a Typology of Mediated Borrowings
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskiy Dom) Russian Academy of Sciences, Gryakalova N.Ju.
Published: April 2023

In the study of Russian modernism, including the aspect of cross-cultural connections, the question of Alexander Blok's “Baudelaireism” is still open, because his figure is relegated to the background in the general landscape of “Russian Baudelaireism” in the first two decades of the 20th century. This phenomenon owes its characteristic outlines, firstly, to a bright galaxy of poets-translators of the turn of the century, and secondly, to the “senior” symbolists, primarily V. Bryusov, the discoverer of the urban theme in modern lyrics in the pendant Tableaux Parisiens by Ch. Baudelaire, in third, a complex of “modern sensitivity”, in the words of I. Annensky, with a tangible symptom of Baudelaire's melancholy. It’s emphasized that the inclusion of Blok's poetry in the Russian classical canon was carried out at the cost of “straightening” and simplifying the trajectory of his creative path, and a taboo was imposed on the compromising influences of the poètes maudits. At the same time, Blok's acquaintance with the work of the French poet dates back to his earliest youth: his mother A.A. Kublickaya-Piottuch was one of the first translators of the French Symbolists, and Baudelaire's poetry existed in a family environment right up to parody. The article discusses several cases of direct correlations between her translations from Baudelaire and Blok's Adolescent Poems. The legacy of the French poet is actualized by Blok in the period of his “decadent urbanism” through V. Bryusov, but not least, as shown in the article, and through new translations of Annensky, included in the book Quiet Songs, reviewed by Blok. The article reveals thematic, metrical and lexical parallels between Blok's poem Grass in the silver dew... (1906) and Baudelaire's Revinant in Annensky's translation, and traces the transfiguration of Baudelaire's topic.
Heritage and Heritors: to the 170th Anniversary of Vladimir Sergeevich Solovyov’s Birth
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Maksimov M.V.
Published: April 2023

The issues of modern Russian Solovyov’s studies are considered. The article analyzes the successes and causes of failures in the implementation of the most important scientific and cultural projects related to the preservation and research of the philosophical, literary and journalistic heritage of V.S. Solovyov. The reasons arousing mistrust of religious and philosophical thought and their influence on the reception of V.S. Solovyov's legacy are revealed. The idea of the importance of an adequate approach to the study of V.S. Solovyov's religious philosophy is emphasized. The characteristic of the Solovyov anniversary events held at the Ivanovo State Energy University is given. One of the main tasks of the “Solovyov Studies” journal and the Solovyov seminar activities is defined as the cultivation of sensitivity and responsiveness to philosophical and religious thought.
Shchekavytsia necropolises in the history of the Shchekavytsia area
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Pevneva Aliona
Published: April 2023

The article covers the topic of the history of Shchekavytsia district from the first mentions in the annals of the 10th – 11th centuries to the 1950s. Emphasis of attention on the Shchekavytsia burial ground of the 10th – 12th centuries. and the Shchekavytsia necropolis and the Church of All Saints, which were destroyed by the Soviet regime in 1935–1936. There are few articles on the topic of the Shchekavytsia necropolis, because most researchers of this area turn to the debatable questions about the origin of the name, the location of the Shchekavytsia mountain described in the annals, and the Shchekavytsia burial ground. Shchekavytsia Mountain and its adjacent territories are part of the historical center of Kyiv. Throughout the history of the city, Shchekavytsia has played various roles in its functioning. After analyzing the sources, it can be stated that this topic is insufficiently disclosed in modern Ukrainian historiography and needs more research. The purpose of the work is to investigate and represent the historical and cultural significance of the historical district of Shchekavytsia. Considering the vulnerable situation of the area, which is threatened with complete destruction of the archaeological and historical potential, it is advisable to research and systematize data on the history of Shchekavytsia. A lot of information was obtained from descriptions and guidebooks of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Data on the medieval history of the Shchekavitsa area within the framework of research into the medieval Podol can be found in the works of archaeologists I. I. Movchan, V. G. Ivakin, and G. Yu. Ivakin. As well as researchers Melnyk O. O. Kozak O. D., Protsenko L. A. Shchekavytsia necropolis was most fully described by L. A. Protsenko back in the 1990s. This work is important in the context of the systematization of data on the history of Shchekavytsia and Shchekavytsia necropolis, in particular.
Endophthalmitis risk factors associates with phacoemulsification (Literature review)
Authors: Bogdanova Tatiana Yu. , Kulikov Alexei N. , Danilenko Ekaterina V. , Kolosovskaya Elena N. , Kraeva Liudmila A.
Published: April 2023

The most frequent sources of microbial flora inside the eye are the ocular surface, foci of para-ocular infection of the patient. In vitreous samples from eyes with endophthalmitis microorganisms are revealed that are the saprophytic flora of the ocular surface. It is mainly represented by staphylococci, from which epidermal staphylococcus prevails quantitatively. Immunodeficiency states, diabetes mellitus, terminal liver and kidney diseases increase the risk of endophthalmitis development. Eradication of opportunistic pathogenic flora in the source loci, sanation of para-ocular infection, correction of somatic pathology by profile specialists is more relevant for endophthalmitis prevention. The problem of growing antibiotic resistance should also be considered. Thus, when selecting patients for surgery, one should be guided by the data on antibiotic resistance of the identified flora, pay attention to the presence of para-ocular infection and the systemic somatic status of the patient. This will provide a better vector for the development of recommendations for optimal prophylaxis.
The use of optical coherence tomography angiography in differential diagnosis of conjunctival melanocytic tumors
Authors: Kiseleva Tatiana N. , Saakyan Svetlana V. , Makukhina Viktoriia V. , Lugovkina Ksenia V. , Milash Sergey V. , Musova Nelly F. , Zharov Andrey A.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive method of eye microcirculation evaluation. Few reports are published on the use of OCTA for anterior segment (AS) vessels analysis in healthy eyes and in conjunctival tumors, and their vascular characteristics are still not thoroughly investigated. These questions are of importance, as it is known that tumors vasculature is indicative of the patients vital prognosis.
AIM: The aim of our study was to investigate the potential of AS-OCTA in evaluation of normal conjunctival vessels architecture as well as that in melanocytic neoplasms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 healthy volunteers (20 eyes) and 20 patients (20 eyes) with conjunctival nevi and melanomas were examined. AS optical coherence tomography (OCT) and AS-OCTA were performed. Scan analysis included qualitative assessment (vessels pattern, lumen, tortuosity) and quantitative assessment [perfusion density (PD, %) index]. Mean (MPD), maximum (MaxPD) and perifocal PD (PPD) were determined.
RESULTS: In normal group, predominantly radial pattern of the vessels was revealed, their caliber remaining the same along their entire length; larger vessels were more often discovered in deep conjunctival layers. The lowest PD value (29.9%) was registered in the inferior conjunctival segment, and the highest (36.7%) in the nasal one. In the conjunctival tumors area tortuosity of the vessels, uneven vessels caliber along their length, and increase in the PD value were observed. Melanomas were characterized by an increase in the lace-like pattern and by presence of confluent pattern zones; MaxPD value was more than 50%. Significant difference was found between MPD values of normal conjunctiva and MPD values in conjunctival melanoma.
CONCLUSIONS: AS-OCTA is an informative method for the visualization of vessels in normal conjunctiva and in conjunctival tumors. If the tumors vessels are unevenly distributed, MaxPD should be measured.
Changes in the oculas surface after hypotensive surgery
Authors: Аntonova Аnastasiia V. , Nikolaenko Vadim P. , Brzheskiy Vladimir V. , Vuks Aleksandr Ja.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Hundreds of studies are dedicated to the negative effects of glaucoma therapy on the ocular surface. At the same time, the state of the eye surface after successful hypotensive surgery, which resulted in the cessation or significant reduction of medical therapy, has not been studied.
AIM: To identify ocular surface changes after glaucoma surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 475 consecutively enrolled patients who were operated during 20162020 in Saint Petersburg Multidisciplinary City Hospital No. 2 for primary open-angle unstable glaucoma, and then observed for 6 to 24 months. Trabeculectomy (TE) was used as the first hypotensive procedure (418 patients), as re-operation TE (25 patients) or Ahmed valve implantation (32 patients) were chosen. Using statistical methods, the dynamics of symptoms (OSDI) and signs [tear film break-up time (TBUT) and reflex tear production defined by Schirmer I test] depending on outcome (complete or partial success and total failure) were analyzed.
RESULTS: The cessation of the pharmacological load due to the complete success of the surgery was accompanied by pronounced (two-fold) and long (for at least two years) decrease of OSDI scores. The obliged, even partial, return to instillations by patients, who were included into the subgroup of partial success, within six months, transformed the achieved differences into insignificant ones. TBUT at complete and partial success significantly increased at all end-points of the study, significantly differing from the similar indicator in the subgroup total failure. The results of the Schirmer I test against the background of complete success of the operation showed a statistically significant increase, compared to the baseline , delayed for six months, throughout the whole further follow-up period. Patients entering the partial success subgroup in 24 months after surgery, also showed a significant increase in tear secretion. The failure of glaucoma surgery was accompanied by a brief and insignificant improvement in all scores.
CONCLUSIONS: The hypotensive surgery, which lead to complete success, was accompanied by a significant improvement of the ocular surface state. Restart of local therapy reduces achieved results. Failure of surgical treatment is associated with minimal fluctuations of the studied parameters.
Dual Mode of Education and Prospects in Tertiary Level: Perspective the Private Universities in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Muktasha Deena
Published: April 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many educational institutes in Bangladesh were forced to adopt online technologies for conducting their classes and examinations. Internet-based video conferencing applications, such as Zoom, google-meet, Facebook Messenger, etc., became especially useful during the quarantine days. Within a few months, almost all private and public universities started conducting online classes without much directive or pressure from the government. Within a short period, all stakeholders, including teachers, students, and management, get used to these new systems despite many challenges. This study aims to focus advantages of online education over classroom education for effective learning for university-level students. This study tries to identify the advantages and disadvantages of this online-based education system over the classroom-based system at the tertiary education level. Data was collected from 400 students from different private universities in Bangladesh using a Stratified sampling technique. Results show that the most crucial advantage is the participation of students in the class, i.e., students' attendance. Other benefits are reduced costs, systematic arrangement of study materials, and mental peace for working students as they could continue studying and doing jobs simultaneously. Vis-à-vis the study reveals disadvantages like 'conducting the fair examination,' availability, affordability, and internet reliability. Finally, the study suggests that “a combination of online-based education and classroom-based examination," i.e., dual mode of education, can increase the percentage of student enrollment in tertiary education without compromising quality.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN GELECEK KAYGILARINDA GİRİŞİMCİ DAVRANIŞ EĞİLİMLERİNİN VE ÖZ YETERLİK ALGILARININ ETKİSİ
Authors: YEMENİCİ Aysun Devrim , BOZKURT Öznur , TAŞKIN Recep
Published: April 2023

Yaşamın her anında ortaya çıkabilecek olan kaygı durumu, pek çok konuda insan yaşamını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Kaygının oluşturacağı etki ise bireyden bireye farklılık gösterebilecek bir özelliğe sahiptir. Kaygılı duruma bakış açısı ve mücadele yöntemleri kişinin kendinden veya çevresel faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Genç neslin en sık yaşadığı kaygılı durum olan gelecek kaygısı da kişiden kişiye değişebilmektedir. Mücadeleci, risk almaktan kaçınmayan ve başarabileceğine inanan bireylerde bu kaygının daha az yaşanacağı varsayımı ile bu çalışmada, girişimci davranışın ve öz yeterliliğin gelecek kaygısı üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca öz yeterlik algısının gelecek kaygısı üzerindeki etkisinde girişimci davranışın aracılık etkisi de araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Düzce Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Bu evrenden kolayda örnekleme ile seçilen 250 öğrenciden online anketlerle veriler toplanmıştır. Yapısal eşitlik modelleme analizi ile hipotez testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, öz yeterlik algısının ve girişimci davranışın gelecek kaygısı üzerinde negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir etki yaptığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, girişimci davranış eğilimi de öz yeterlik algısı ve gelecek kaygısı arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolüne sahiptir.
OBEZİTE VE YOKSULLUK: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BEYAZ SİPAHİ Banu
Published: April 2023

Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde obezite yıkıcı etkiye sahip bir sağlık problemidir. Sosyoekonomik statü ile obezite arasında ilişkide net bir sonuca varılamamıştır. Türkiye’de yoksulluk oranındaki artışa bağlı olarak gelir eşitsizliği artış göstermektedir. Türkiye’de artan obezite ve gelir eşitsizliği sorununu anlayabilmek için gelir eşitsizliğinin obezite yaygınlığı üzerindeki rolünü araştırmak gerekir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yoksulluk durumu ile obezite/aşırı kilolu arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Çalışmada iki farklı yöntem kullanılmıştır. İlkinde obezite ile yoksulluk arasındaki ilişkide yoksulluğun içselliğini göz ardı edilerek oluşturulan probit model ele alınmıştır. İkincisinde ise obezite ile yoksulluk arasında eş zamanlı ilişkisini ve yoksulluğun içselliği göz önünde bulunduran yinelenen iki değişkenli probit model tercih edilmiştir. Analizde Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu tarafından oluşturulan 2019 yılına ait Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması veri setinden yararlanılmıştır. Her iki model için yoksulluk ile obez/aşırı kilolu arasında negatif ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. İki değişken arasında içsellik sorunu olduğunu ve yoksulluğun obezite/aşırı kilo olma olasılığını %21.6 azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, medeni durum, çalışma durumu, sigara ve alkol kullanım gibi önemli faktörler obez/aşırı kilo ve yoksulluk üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Önemli bulgulardan biriside eğitim düzeyindeki artış yoksulluk ve obez/aşırı kilolu olma olasılığını azaltıcı etkisi bulunmuştur.
BİST SEKTÖR ENDEKSLERİNDE FİYAT VE İŞLEM HACMİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: FREKANS ALANI NEDENSELLİK TESTİNDEN BULGULAR
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Kemal , İLTAŞ Yüksel , KADERLİ Yusuf
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 02.01.2015 – 31.12.2021 dönemi için günlük frekanslı veriler kullanılarak BİST Sınai, BİST Banka, BİST Bilişim, BİST Gıda ve İçecek, BİST Holding ve Yatırım, BİST Orman, Kâğıt ve Basım, BİST Kimya, Petrol ve Plastik, BİST Metal Ana, BİST Metal Eşya Makina, BİST Taş ve Toprak, BİST Ticaret, BİST Tekstil ve Deri, BİST Turizm, BİST Ulaştırma, BİST Mali ve BİST Teknoloji endeks değerleri ile endeks hacimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi frekansta nedensellik testi ile ortaya koymaktır. Breitung ve Candelon (2006) frekansta nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, lnXUSIN, lnXBLSM, lnXGIDA, lnXHOLD, lnXKAGT, lnXKMYA, lnXMANA, lnXMESY, lnXTAST, lnXTEKS, lnXTRZM, lnXULAS, lnXUMAL ve lnXUTEK endeksleri için endeks fiyatlarından endeks işlem hacmine doğru bütün dönemlerde tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. lnXTCRT Endeksi için fiyat ve işlem hacmi arasında ise hiçbir frekansta nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilememiştir. Breitung ve Candelon (2006) frekans alanı nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre işlem hacminden fiyatlara doğru nedensellik ilişkisi uzun ve orta dönemde lnXBANK endeksinde tespit edilmiştir.
Sosyal Medyada Kadın: Suriye İç Savaşı ve Ukrayna-Rusya Savaşı Üzerinden Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz
Authors: AKAR Fatma , EKMEKÇİ Zeynep
Published: April 2023

Sosyal medyanın hızı, ulaşılabilirliği ve etkileşime izin vermesi onu propaganda için bir fenomen haline getirmiştir. Günümüzde sosyal medya, kişilerarasında iletişimi ve etkileşimi sağlamanın yanı sıra savaşlarda da taraflar için bir silah işlevi görmektedir. Savaşın tarafları işlerine yarayacak haberleri, fotoğrafları ve videoları sosyal medya hesaplarından paylaşarak kamuoyunu yönlendirmeye ve manipüle etmeye çalışmaktadırlar. Savaş sürecinde propaganda malzemesi olarak en fazla kadınlar ve çocuklar kullanılmaktadır. Taraflar onların mağduriyetleri üzerinden kendi haklılıklarını göstermeye çalışmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada Suriye iç savaşı ve Ukrayna -Rusya arasında yaşanan savaş sürecinde Suriyeli ve Ukraynalı kadınların Twitter paylaşımlarında nasıl temsil edildiği/sunulduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Amaçlı örneklem yöntemi ile Suriyeli ve Ukraynalı kadınların yer aldığı toplam on iki Twitter paylaşımı belirlenmiştir. Bu paylaşımlar hem yayınlanan fotoğraflar üzerinden hem de tweetlerin içeriği bağlamında göstergebilim yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Yaşanan savaşlarda hem Suriyeli hem de Ukraynalı kadınların yaşadıkları sıkıntıların paylaşımlara yansıdığı görülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda Ukraynalı kadınların, Suriyeli kadınlardan farklı olarak erkeklerle beraber ülkesi için savaşan birer kahraman gibi sunuldukları buna karşın Suriyeli kadınların daha çok savaş mağduru ve muhtaç kişiler olarak sunuldukları bulgulanmıştır.
Mortality Patterns of Melanoma in Mexico over the Last 2 Decades
Authors: Domínguez Diego , Sarvide Fernando , Sánchez Guadalupe , Torres Laura , Balderas Analeticia
Published: April 2023

Melanoma is the skin tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality with highly variable incidence rates that depend mainly on genetic-population, geographical and behavioral factors 1. In our country we do not have a specialized, unified and vast oncology registry system that allows us to evaluate the historical behavior of neoplasms (incidence, prevalence and mortality) and our actions as health professionals. Previous information from different authors on melanoma mortality in Mexico coincides with an increase in mortality in the different historical contexts analyzed; this article updates the data from 2016, where a continuous increase in mortality was documented 2. Objective: To know the evolution of melanoma mortality in the last 23 years in Mexico from 1998 to 2020. Methods: The official information on melanoma mortality available in the dynamic cubes of the National System of Basic Information on Health (SINBA) and the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) was reviewed. The population estimates and projections were obtained from the National Population Council (CONAPO); the number of patients affiliated with the main health systems was obtained directly from the official electronic pages available from each institution and from INEGI. Findings: The general mortality rate due to melanoma in Mexico has increased by 71%, from 0.32*105 inhabitants in 1998 to 0.54*105 inhabitants in 2020, being the highest registered 0.61*105 in 2018 and since then with a tendency to stabilize and decline. Currently, the state with the highest mortality rate is Zacatecas with 0.90*105 and the lowest is reported in the state of Guerrero with 0.11*105. In terms of age groups, the most affected by this neoplasm is that of 60 years and over with a rate of 3.42*105 and the group of 0 to 29 years represents the lowest rate of 0.02*105. Regarding sex, mortality is higher for men with a rate of 0.60*105 and women 0.48*105. Interpretation: Melanoma mortality in Mexico has increased constantly for 21 consecutive years from 1998 to 2018, registering in this last year (2018) the historically highest mortality rate in our country. It should be noted that in the last two years of analysis in this study (2019 and 2020) the mortality rate has not increased, presenting a tendency to stabilize and decrease; this is something that had not occurred in the period of time studied and this fact is encouraging; In addition, this phenomenon may be influenced by the incorporation in the recent past of some innovative molecules in certain health systems and hospitals that were not previously available, and greater participation of our country in clinical trials.
Efficacy of Nitazoxanide in reducing the viral ad in COVID-19 patients. Randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded, parallel-group, pilot study.
Authors: Silva Marcelo , Espejo Andrés , Pereyra María , Lynch Martín , Thompson Marcos , Laborde Luciana , Taconelli Hernán , Patricia Patricia , Pereson Matías , Garbini Marcelo , Crucci Pablo , Enriquez Diego
Published: April 2023

The fast spread of COVID-19 has overcrowded Public Health Systems facilities in major countries due to the large number of seriously ill patients, particularly those requiring admission to intensive care units. Reducing viral load, along with other recommended epidemiological measures, such as social distancing and home confinement, can in time significantly help to reduce the infection R0 (Basic Reproductive Rate) and then mitigate disease burden. Early negativization or otherwise reduction of the viral load can potentially diminish disease severity, resulting in a better-controlled public health response, avoiding collapse of healthcare systems. Nitazoxanide, a widely used thiazolide approved by the FDA as an antiparasitic drug, also approved in Brazil for Norovirus and Rotavirus treatments, has an excellent safety record for a variety of indications. Nitazoxanide exhibits activity in vitro against MERS-CoV and other coronaviruses; and a specific antiviral effect (in micro molar doses) against SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Nitazoxanide in reducing the SARS-COV 2 viral load within 7 days of treatment in respiratory samples from COVID-19-infected patients with mild to moderate disease, compared to placebo. An interim analysis showed that the ratio of patients with a viral load reduction ≥ 35% from baseline up to day 7 of treatment was significantly greater for Nitazoxanide compared to placebo (47.8% vs. 15.4%; Δ 34.6%; 95% CI: 64.7; 4.6: p = 0.037).
CANDOR - A Patient Safety, Medical Liability, and Healthcare Professional Wellness Program
Authors: Lecraw Florence
Published: April 2023

The Communication and Optimal Resolution (CANDOR) program, a patient safety, medicolegal, and healthcare professional wellness program, has been implemented or in the process of being implemented in over 800 US hospitals. The program was designed to help patients suffering from unexpected adverse outcomes and healthcare professionals whose patients experience injury while under their care. The CANDOR program’s basic premise emphasizes honesty in medical error situations. It aims to prevent the recurrence of medical errors. Studies have found that, compared to the common US practice known as “Deny, Delay, and Defend,” using CANDOR not only benefits current and future patients but can improve the well-being of healthcare professionals. This paper therefore aimed to describe CANDOR and evidence regarding its effects on patients and the healthcare professional’s well-being at hospitals that implemented it in comparison to their previous practice of “Deny, Delay, and Defend.” This paper describes methods used by CANDOR teams, which include physicians, attorneys, patient advocates, and health policy leaders, in their successful endeavor to persuade hospital leaders to implement it, in essence to change the hospital’s culture from a culture of opaqueness regarding medical errors and their consequences to a culture embracing transparency. This paper also describes obstacles the teams faced in their endeavor to implement CANDOR at their institution and how they surmounted the obstacles.
Seeking Life Science Inno-vation Opportunities and Beyond: The Art of Blending Science, Medicine, and Business
Authors: Boni Arthur , York John , Boyette Natasha , Im Dabin
Published: April 2023

This update on life science innovation extends Boni's 2018 works1,2 to include industry stakeholder expert opinion. This paper’s focus is to address three research questions relevant to innovation within the biopharmaceutical industry concerning 1) its current state, 2) challenges, opportunities, and frameworks, and 3) existing examples in the extant literature and practice relevant to progress and challenges. It utilizes mixed methods involving a 1) narrative review to establish a current understanding of the extant literature and frameworks and 2) qualitative interviews to coalesce themes around the core research questions. The first section summarizes current industry challenges, successes, and best practices that support sustained and disruptive innovation in the biopharma industry. It charts a brief overview of proven models for innovation, entrepreneurial thinking, and for development of open innovation as applied to this complex, challenging, continuously evolving industry. This initial discussion advocates the pursuit of commercialization that 1) incorporates a phased, interdisciplinary, collaborative approach and 2) blends the principles of business, science, and technology through diverse, collaborative teams, networks, and alliances. The paper transitions to a second section. This effort builds on these concepts and provides insights and alternative perspectives from a cohort of leading experts within the biomedical investment, development, and commercialization space. It also illustrates and leverages collective intelligence through interdisciplinary perspectives across the life science landscape and reinforces trends for pursuing innovation.
Update on Epidemiology of IgG4-related Disease Involving the Liver and Pancreas
Authors: Floreani Annarosa , Gabbia Daniela , Martin Sara
Published: April 2023

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare condition characterized by an immune-mediated fibro-inflammation affecting various organs (liver, pancreas, heart, kidney, brain among others) with peculiar histopathologic feature. Few epidemiological data have been published so far, although a dramatic increase in the number of patients diagnosed with IgG4-RD has been recorded in the last years. The clinical manifestations of IgG4-RD involve frequently liver and pancreas. Specifically, a crucial challenge in differential diagnosis is IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis which is frequently accompanied by pancreatic involvement. Inflammatory alterations of liver parenchyma have also been described, with a new nosology of IgG4-autoimmune hepatitis. Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis is the pancreatic manifestation of the IgG4-RD. The first-ever epidemiological study to estimate the point prevalence of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis has been recently conducted in Japan. Moreover, several demographic studies on IgG4-RD involving liver and pancreas have been published in other countries, although the majority of them are cohort studies and data on incidence/prevalence are lacking. This review aims to update the recent epidemiological and clinical knowledge of IgG4-RD involving liver and pancreas, focusing also on the risk of malignancy.
How Are You? A Sociological Case Report of the COVID-19 Pandemic from Professionals in Italy
Authors: Marchesini Nicolo , Avveduto Sveva , Rubbia Giuliana
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 has turned our lives upside down. The first lockdown occurred in Italy in the spring of 2020, drastically disrupting people’s daily schedules, work schedules, socialisation, and relationships with co-workers, family and friends. To overcome physical isolation, collect impressions and keep a record of the period, the “How are you?” online questionnaire has been designed as a potential conversation among friends during home confinement for all but essential reasons. What impact this situation had on people? The study investigates some of the social and relational consequences the first lockdown in Italy had on a group of professionals in terms of similarities and differences regarding changes and limitations on their work and daily routines, primarily focusing on the emotions felt at that time. Text mining techniques have been applied to almost one hundred replies, as well as an unsupervised method of emotion analysis; the latter is used for the entire sample and a subgroup consisting only of female scientists. Our findings show that during the Spring 2020 lockdown, a moment of physical and relational confinement was bear, causing bewilderment due to several factors: in terms of work-life balance, the overlap between public and private space, and the established daily routine to return, while regarding the relational sphere, the lack of physical contacts and interactions - such as support for dependent elderly - that technology has only partly been able to fill. Two primary emotions emerge from the entire sample: acceptance of the virus containment measures imposed and restlessness about the present and future. The group of female scientists appears more optimistic. The experienced situation of deprivation of individual freedoms such as movement and social contact, however, has brought along a new awareness of the frailties of our society, refocusing attention on the importance of scientific research, ecological transition, and, more generally, a reflection on our development model.
Reduced Social Distancing and Face Mask Wearing at Massive Soccer-Related Gatherings Did Not Affect Daily COVID-19 Infections in Argentina
Authors: Sagripanti Jose , Aquilano Daniel
Published: April 2023

AIMS. To determine the contribution of social distancing and face mask wearing in the prevention of COVID-19 infections in Argentina. METHODS. Attendance to the funeral of ex-soccer star Diego Maradona was estimated by the area occupied by the mourners and their density. The people congregated to celebrate the America's Cup victory was deduced mainly from TV ratings. The proportion of individuals wearing or not face masks was calculated from photographs taken at both events. The COVID-19 epidemiological data used was released by the Argentinean Ministry of Health from March 3rd 2020 to August 31st 2021. RESULTS. We estimated that Maradona's funeral was attended by approximately 250,000 mourners. On the other hand, approximately 5.084.000 followed by television the America’s cup final in Buenos Aires alone. Extrapolating to the whole country suggests that over 4 million individuals congregated in person to celebrate the victory. The percentage of individuals not wearing face masks at the funeral was 54.0% ± 5.2 % and at the soccer victory celebrations 84.5 % ± 6.9 %, both estimates with a confidence of 99%. Daily COVID-19 infections in Buenos Aires remained at less than 5,000 per day during 30 days before- as well as during 24 days following-the funeral. New infections in Argentina remained less than 21,000 during 10 days before as well as 30 days following the soccer cup celebrations. CONCLUSIONS. Considering that SARS-CoV-2 median incubation is 5.1 days, the time periods following Maradona’s funeral and the America Soccer Cup celebrations provided ample time for COVID-19 to flare up if significant contagion would have proliferated amongst the crowds. The lack of an increase in COVID-19 infections after two independent and large gatherings with people in close proximity and limited wearing of face masks, contradicts any beneficial effect of social distancing and of mask wearing during the pandemic. These findings seem particularly important when considering that social distancing and mask wearing limited attendance to public events, negatively impacted commerce, burdening restaurants and many other businesses; and overall taxed society unnecessarily, according to the data presented here. (A summary of some of these findings were presented at the European Society of Medicine Annual Meeting. August 04, 2022. Entitled: Unexpected effect of sunlight, the environment, and public health measures in the progression of COVID-19) https://esmed.org/video-detail/?id=86 )
Targeting Calpain-2 for Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment
Authors: Arnsten Amy , Baudry Michel
Published: April 2023

There is an urgent need for treatments for sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease (sAD). Although antibodies removing ß-amyloid have recently been shown to slow disease progression, the degenerative course continues. Thus, there is a need for strategies that intervene early in the degenerative process, before irreversible damage is done to neurons (e.g., by autophagic degeneration). This review will summarize the evidence indicating that targeting calpain-2 with a selective inhibitor might represent a novel strategy for the treatment of sAD. Calpains are neutral proteases that are activated by intracellular calcium. The two main isoforms are calpain-1, which is activated by low, micromolar levels of calcium and generally has beneficial effects for cellular health, and calpain-2, which is activated by high, almost millimolar levels of calcium and mediates many of calcium’s toxic actions. Calcium signaling becomes dysregulated with advancing age due to loss of regulatory proteins such as calbindin, and is pronounced in sAD brain tissue, including signs of calcium leakage from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) through phosphorylated ryanodine receptors (pRyR2). Both calpain-1 and calpain-2 are elevated in AD brains and herald the rise in tau pathology, but only calpain-2 is localized with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and pretangles. Calpain drives a spectrum of AD-related pathologies, and in particular, calpain drives tau hyperphosphorylation by cleaving, and thus disinhibiting, kinases central to tau hyperphosphorylation, i.e., GSK3β and cdk5, as well as increasing Aβ formation and autophagic degeneration. Thus calpain-2 inhibitors may reduce a spectrum of sAD pathology, protecting neurons at very early stages of disease.
Underreporting of COVID-19 Deaths in India: Bad Science or Smart Politics?
Authors: Saha Kunal
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the world over the past three years with millions already dead. Despite making major strides to combat the pandemic with useful vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, potential for more dangers from new variants of COVID-19 cannot be ruled out. Several studies have recently shown that the number of COVID-19 deaths as reported by different nations was far less than the number of people who may have died due to pandemic. Although many countries across the globe may have undercounted the death toll due to COVID-19, India holds the ignominious distinction for the highest number of unrecognized COVID-19 deaths. Both unreliable science and willful spread of misinformation about true lethal nature of COVID-19 by devious governmental authorities are likely responsible for the gross underreporting of COVID-19 deaths. Complete scientific transparency and absolute immunity against political intrusion of healthcare would be essential to end the COVID-19 pandemic and to protect humanity against other pandemics in future.