bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporality and delayed models as dynamic characteristics of happiness
Authors: Abramova Sofya Borisovna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is the dynamic characteristics of happiness. The theoretical aspects of highlighting the context of temporality in happiness research are highlighted. The importance of time perspective for understanding happiness as a sociocultural phenomenon, as well as subjective well-being, is considered. The characteristics of delayed models of happiness are highlighted, influencing the perception of current life as an approach to a happier future. The empirical basis of the study is the results of a sociological study of Russian residents aged 18-60 years (n=1170) using an online survey conducted in September 2024 in capital cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg), the regional center (Ekaterinburg) and cities of the Sverdlovsk region. The novelty of the study lies in the identification and comparison of subjective assessments of happiness in a time perspective, past – present – future, which made it possible to identify an inclined trajectory of assessment of subjective well-being. The assessment of life satisfaction as a whole is shown to shift to lower levels in comparison with the assessment of current happiness. A contradiction has been revealed between the expectation of a better future and the uncertainty in its implementation. The use of a generational approach made it possible to fix temporality in the context of the influence of age and life experience on the perception of happiness, generational inequality of happiness and the convergence of assessments of chronic and current happiness with increasing age. Prospects for research on the topic are identified related to the insufficiency of quantitative measurement of the dynamic characteristics of happiness and the possibilities of identifying narratives in describing the temporality of the life experience of happiness, including its deferred models.
Flutter Calculations Using the Unsteady Source and Doublet Panel Method
Authors: Dimitriadis Grigorios , Kilimtzidis Spyridon , Kostopoulos Vassilis , Laraspata Vito , Soria Leonardo
Published: November 2024

The source and doublet panel method (SDPM) developed by Morino in the 1970s can model unsteady compressible ideal flow around wings and bodies. In this work, the SDPM is adapted to the calculation of aeroelastic solutions for wings. A second-order nonlinear version of Bernoulli’s equation is transformed to the frequency domain and written in terms of the generalized mode shapes and displacements. It is shown that the pressure component at the oscillating frequency is a linear function of the generalized displacements, velocities, and accelerations and can therefore be used to formulate a linear flutter problem. The proposed approach has several advantages over the usual doublet lattice method (DLM) approach: the exact geometry is modeled (including thickness, camber, and twist effects), the motion of the surface can be represented using all six degrees of freedom, the pressure calculation is of higher order, and the aerodynamic mass, damping, and stiffness terms are calculated explicitly. The complete procedure is validated using experimental data from the weakened AGARD 445.6 wing, a NACA 0012 rectangular wing with pitch and plunge degrees of freedom, and an experimental model of a T-tail, yielding flutter predictions that lie closer to the experimental observations than those obtained from the DLM, particularly in the case of the T-tail.
Dynamic graph structure and spatio-temporal representations in wind power forecasting
Authors: Zang Peng , Dong Wenqi , Wang Jing , Fu Jianglong
Published: November 2024

Wind Power Forecasting (WPF) has gained considerable focus as a crucial aspect of the successful integration and operation of wind power. However, due to the stochastic and unstable nature of wind, it poses a real challenge to effectively analyze the correlations among multiple time series data for accurate prediction. In our study, an end-to-end framework called Dynamic Graph structure and Spatio-Temporal representation learning (DSTG) framework is proposed to achieve stable power forecasting by constructing graph data to capture the critical features in the data. Specifically, a Graph Structure Learning (GSL) module is introduced to dynamically construct task-related correlation matrices via backpropagation to mitigate the inherent inconsistency and randomness of wind power data. Additionally, a dual-scale temporal graph learning (DTG) module is further proposed to explore the implicit spatio-temporal features at a fine-grained level using different skip connections from the constructed graph data. Finally, comprehensive experiments are performed on the collected Xuji Group Wind Power (XGWP) dataset, and the results show that DSTG outperforms the state-of-the-art spatio-temporal methods by 10.12% on the average of root mean square error and mean absolute error, demonstrating the effectiveness of DSTG. In conclusion, our model provides a promising approach.
Navigating the energy crisis: automakers’ coopetition strategies under dual credit policy
Authors: Yuan Kaifu , Wang Chuanji , Xiao Fang
Published: November 2024

To tackle the energy and climate crises and achieve sustainable development, China has designated the development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) as a national strategy. This paper delves into the coopetition strategy of dual-model automakers under the dual credit policy (DCP) using a subsidy-R&D-production three-stage game model, considering government subsidies and consumer preferences. The model explores various strategies, including full competition and different R&D cooperation scenarios for fuel vehicles (FVs) and NEVs. Key findings include: (1) R&D subsidies boost NEVs R&D investments but may not always optimize social welfare. (2) When NEVs technology spillovers are low, firms should fully cooperate; otherwise, the FVs R&D cooperation is optimal, especially with high FVs spillovers. (3) Investments and outputs in both vehicle types positively correlate with technology spillovers, and consumer preferences. Conversely, FVs equilibrium decreases with NEVs credit proportion and fuel consumption disparities. (4) The credit price positively influences R&D investments and outputs of NEVs, but its effects on FVs’ R&D investments, outputs, corporate profits, and social welfare vary based on market dynamics. Recommendations include optimizing subsidy policies, supporting low-carbon FVs, enhancing infrastructure, and strengthening DCP regulations to stabilize credit price expectations.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Kidney Disease and Kidney Replacement Therapy: Focus on Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic Groups: A Systematic Review
Authors: Efuntoye Oluwafemi , Agburum Ifeoma Faith , Baharani Jyoti , Sankurshetty Vinay , Ashimolowo Odunayo , Bark Chris , Kendrick Abby , Szczepura Ala , Krishnan Nithya
Published: November 2024

Background

COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected health services globally, resulting in poorer outcomes, especially in patients with chronic long-term illnesses. For patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), potential effects might include, among others, disruption of dialysis services, reduced kidney transplant rates, and increased incidence of severe COVID-19 infections and death. Such differences may be further exacerbated in patients from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations with CKD.

Aim

To conduct a systematic review to identify the global impact of COVID-19 on kidney replacement therapy and to determine the extent of any disparities in BAME patients with CKD.

Materials and Methods

PubMed, Embase (OVID), and CINAHL (EBSCO) databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 1, 2019, and November 24, 2023. Predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria were utilized to shortlist abstracts. Two reviewers independently appraised articles and systematically extracted data and assessed the quality of studies. Thematic analysis was used for evidence synthesis; no quantitative meta-analysis was conducted. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020201771).

Results

Two hundred and eleven abstracts were shortlisted, 52 articles were identified for full-text review, and 20 articles published worldwide were included in the final review. Themes identified included: effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with CKD undergoing dialysis (six studies); impact on kidney transplant recipients and transplant programs (eight studies); and differential impact of COVID-19 on BAME patients in comparison with the general population (six studies). The presence of CKD in patients with COVID-19 was identified as a poor prognostic factor, along with obesity, lower socioeconomic status, and BAME population.

Conclusion

The findings of this targeted review demonstrate the global impact of COVID-19 on various aspects of kidney replacement therapy and provide evidence of important disparities for BAME patients. In case of any future pandemic, vulnerable groups undergoing hemodialysis and those with kidney allografts will require special attention and care.
ИЗ НЕОПУБЛИКОВАННОГО
Authors: А. Д. Завьялов
Published: November 2024

Материалы из архива А. Д. Завьялова
ОБ УРОВНЕ ГЕНЕРАЛИЗАЦИИ СЕЙСМОТЕКТОНИЧЕСКИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Р. Э. Татевосян
Published: November 2024

Сейсмотектонические домены являются основой оценки сейсмической опасности на уровне Общего cейсмического районирования (ОСР). В статье анализируется фрагмент карты сейсмотектонических доменов. Показано, что не все домены представляют однородные сочетания сейсмических и тектонических признаков, как предполагалось при их формулировке. Иногда из-за высокой степени генерализации данных домены объединяют весьма разнородные участки. Вместе с тем, показано, что совсем отказаться от обобщающих сейсмотектонических моделей и опираться только на карты активных разломов, неоправданно. Высказано предположение, что явно выраженные индивидуальные особенности сильных землетрясений, в том числе, практически одинаковых магнитуд, отражают естественную изменчивость свойств объекта. Это накладывает ограничения на возможности оценки сейсмической опасности.

Seismotectonic domains are the basis for seismic hazard assessment at the level of General Seismic Zoning (GSZ). A fragment of a seismotectonic domain map is analyzed. It is shown that domains do not always represent homogeneous combinations of seismic and tectonic features, as was assumed when they were formulated. Sometimes domains represent a very high degree of generalization, combining quite heterogeneous areas. At the same time, it is shown that it is unjustified to completely abandon generalizing seismotectonic models and rely only on maps of active faults. It is suggested that clearly expressed individual features of strong earthquakes, including those of close magnitudes, impose restrictions on the possibilities of seismic hazard assessment.
ВОЗМОЖНЫЙ МЕХАНИЗМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ АВСТРАЛО-АЗИАТСКОГО ПОЛЯ РАССЕЯНИЯ ТЕКТИТОВ
Authors: В. В. Шувалов
Published: November 2024

Методами компьютерного моделирования рассматривается возможность образования Австрало-Азиатского поля рассеяния тектитов в результате падения астероида на остров вулканического происхождения с возвышенностью. Показано, что при ударе в гору увеличивается угол разлета высокоскоростных выбросов, что может объяснить большие размеры Австрало-Азиатского поля рассеяния тектитов. Отсутствие найденного кратера-источника тектитов объясняется тем, что в результате такого удара образуется подводный кратер, который труднее обнаружить, чем расположенный на суше.

Computer modeling methods are used to examine the possibility of the formation of the Australasian tektite strewnfield as a result of an asteroidal impact on an island of volcanic origin with a hill. It is shown that, when an asteroid hits a mountain, the angle of dispersion of high-speed ejecta increases, which can explain the large size of the Australasian tektite strewnfield. The absence of a found crater-source of tektites is explained by the fact that such an impact would result in the formation of an underwater crater, which is more difficult to detect than one located on land.
АКАДЕМИК М.А. САДОВСКИЙ И ИПКОН РАН
Authors: В. Н. Захаров , А. Г. Красавин
Published: November 2024

В статье представлена история организации ИПКОН РАН на основе Сектора физико-технических горных проблем в Институте физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта АН СССР, возглавляемого академиком М.А. Садовским

The article presents the history of the organization of IPKON RAS on the basis of the Sector of Physical and Technical Mining Problems at the O.Yu. Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the USSR Academy of Sciences, headed by Academician M.A. Sadovsky.
РАСЧЕТ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ В ПОРОДНОМ МАССИВЕ ВБЛИЗИ ВЫРАБОТАННОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА НА ОСНОВЕ НЕЛОКАЛЬНОЙ УПРУГOПЛАСТИЧЕСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ
Authors: Д. С. Журкина , С. В. Лавриков , А. Ф. Ревуженко
Published: November 2024

В рамках нелокальной модели градиентного типа рассмотрена задача о перераспределении напряжений в массиве в окрестности двух параллельных выработок. Определяющие уравнения описывают пластические межзеренные сдвиги и локальную неоднородность. При описании кинематики в плоском случае используется два независимых поля перемещений. Как следствие, модель содержит структурный параметр, включающий размерность длины и описывающий локальные изгибы элементарных объемов. Даны примеры расчетов развития зон пластических деформаций в приконтурной зоне массива, определены области повышенной концентрации напряжений. Показано, что учет локальных изгибов, с одной стороны, приводит к уменьшению пластических сдвигов в приконтурной зоне, с другой — к более глубокому проникновению вглубь массива областей высокой концентрации напряжений.

The problem of stress redistribution in a rock mass in the cross of two parallel workings is considered within the framework of a non-local gradient model. The constitutive equations describe plastic intergranular shifts and local heterogeneity. Two independent displacement fields are used to describe the kinematics in the plane case. As a result, the model contains a structural parameter that includes the length dimension and describes local bends of elementary volumes. Examples of numerical simulations of the development of plastic deformation zones nearby the opening contour of the rock mass are given, and areas of increased stress concentration are determined. It is shown that taking into account local bends, on the one hand, leads to a decrease in plastic shifts nearby the opening contour, and on the other hand, to a deeper penetration of areas of high stress concentration into the rock mass.
ЭНЕРГЕТИКА ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ ОБЪЕМНЫХ ДЕФОРМАЦИЙ И СЕЙСМИЧНОСТИ В ЗОНАХ РАЗЛОМОВ
Authors: Ю. О. Кузьмин
Published: November 2024

Представлены результаты сопоставительного анализа современных объемных деформаций и сейсмичности в разломных зонах сейсмоактивных (Копетдаг, Камчатка) и слабосейсмичных (Юго-Восток Татарстана) регионов. Показано, что существует обратная взаимосвязь энергетических характеристик деформационных и сейсмологических процессов в пространстве и во времени. Сделан вывод о том, что наблюдаемое противофазное поведение энергетических характеристик обусловлено поочередной реализацией объемной и сдвиговой части накопленной потенциальной энергии среды. Высказано предположение, что наличие более интенсивных объемных деформаций разломных зон платформенных, слабосейсмичных регионов обусловлено снижением доли реализации сдвиговой компоненты деформационной энергии вследствие пониженной сейсмической активности в этих регионах.

The results of comparative analysis of modern volumetric deformations and seismicity in fault zones of seismically active (Kopetdag, Kamchatka) and weakly seismic (South-East of Tatarstan) regions are presented. It is shown that there is an inverse relationship between the energy characteristics of deformation and seismological processes in space and time. It is concluded that the observed antiphase behavior of energy characteristics is due to the alternate realization of the volumetric and shear parts of the accumulated potential energy of the medium. It is suggested that the presence of more intense volumetric deformations of fault zones of platform, weakly seismic regions is due to a decrease in the share of realization of the shear component of deformation energy due to reduced seismic activity in these regions.
ЭФФЕКТ САДОВСКОГО
Authors: В. В. Адушкин
Published: November 2024

На основе результатов физического моделирования рассмотрено взаимодействие воздушной ударной волны, вызванной приземным взрывом заряда ВВ, с теплым слоем. Показано, что наличие прогревного слоя обусловливает сильный эффект, связанный с качественным изменением эпюры давления в ударной волне, снижению амплитуды волны сжатия и увеличению ее длительности.

Based on the results of physical modeling, the interaction of an air shock wave caused by a surface explosion of an explosive charge with a warm layer is considered. It is shown that the presence of a heating layer causes a strong effect associated with a qualitative change in the pressure diagram in the shock wave, a decrease in the amplitude of the compression wave and an increase in its duration.
Merging Heterogeneous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalysis with Cobaloxime Catalysis in Uphill Dehydrogenative Synthesis of Anilines
Authors: Zoltowska Sonia , Mazzanti Stefano , Stolfi Sara , Xu Jingsan , Huš Matej , Oberlintner Ana , Pavlin Matic , Ghigna Paolo , Likozar Blaž , Torelli Piero , Braglia Luca , Ravelli Davide , Fagnoni Maurizio , Agirrezabal-Telleria Iker , Antonietti Markus , Savateev Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

Synthesis of substituted anilines upon nucleophilic addition of secondary amines to cyclohexanone derivatives followed by aromatization of the enamine by employing a combination of Ir-polypyridine complex as a photoredox catalyst and cobaloxime as H2-evolution catalyst was developed recently by Leonori et al. In this work, we replace homogeneous photoredox catalyst by heterogeneous mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN) that is free of rare elements. Substituted aromatic amine and H2 are formed simultaneously. Combination of X-Ray spectroscopies revealed charge transfer from cobaloxime to mpg-CN in the dark. Illumination of the catalytic system with visible light induces electron transfer from mpg-CN to cobaloxime and formation of persistent Co(II) species. The results of DFT modelling suggest that the studied reaction is strongly endothermic and endergonic. Thus, energy of photons is stored in the reaction products – H2 and the aromatic amine.
KAT6B is required for histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation and SOX gene expression in the developing brain
Authors: Bergamasco Maria I , Abeysekera Waruni , Garnham Alexandra L , Hu Yifang , Li-Wai-Suen Connie SN , Sheikh Bilal N , Smyth Gordon K , Thomas Tim , Voss Anne K
Published: November 2024

Heterozygous mutations in the histone lysine acetyltransferase geneKAT6B(MYST4/MORF/QKF) underlie neurodevelopmental disorders, but the mechanistic roles of KAT6B remain poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of KAT6B in embryonic neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) impaired cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation, and neurite outgrowth. Mechanistically, loss of KAT6B resulted in reduced acetylation at histone H3 lysine 9 and reduced expression of key nervous system development genes in NSPCs and the developing cortex, including the SOX gene family, in particularSox2, which is a key driver of neural progenitor proliferation, multipotency and brain development. In the fetal cortex, KAT6B occupied theSox2locus. Loss of KAT6B caused a reduction inSox2promoter activity in NSPCs.Sox2overexpression partially rescued the proliferative defect ofKat6b−/−NSPCs. Collectively, these results elucidate molecular requirements for KAT6B in brain development and identify key KAT6B targets in neural precursor cells and the developing brain.
Computing hematopoiesis plasticity in response to genetic mutations and environmental stimulations
Authors: Wen Yuchen , He Hang , Ma Yunxi , Bao Dengyi , Cai Lorie Chen , Wang Huaquan , Li Yanmei , Zhao Baobing , Cai Zhigang
Published: November 2024

Cell plasticity (CP), describing a dynamic cell state, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis during organ morphogenesis, regeneration, and trauma-to-repair biological process. Single-cell-omics datasets provide an unprecedented resource to empower CP analysis. Hematopoiesis offers fertile opportunities to develop quantitative methods for understanding CP. In this study, we generated high-quality lineage-negative single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets under various conditions and introduced a working pipeline named scPlasticity to interrogate naïve and disturbed plasticity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with mutational or environmental challenges. Using embedding methods UMAP or FA, a continuum of hematopoietic development is visually observed in wild type where the pipeline confirms a lowproportion of hybrid cells(Phc, with bias range: 0.4∼0.6) on a transition trajectory. UponTet2mutation, a driver of leukemia, or treatment of DSS, an inducer of colitis,Phcis increased and plasticity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells was enhanced. We prioritized several transcription factors and signaling pathways, which are responsible forPhcalterations. In silico perturbation suggests knocking out EGR regulons or pathways of IL-1R1 and β-adrenoreceptor partially reversesPhcpromoted byTet2mutation and inflammation.
Practice Makes Perfect: Learning Effects with Household Point and Density Forecasts of Inflation
Authors: Mitchell James , Shiroff Taylor , Braitsch Hana
Published: November 2024

This paper shows how both the characteristics and the accuracy of the point and density forecasts from a well-known panel data survey of households' inflationary expectations – the New York Fed's Survey of Consumer Expectations – depend on the tenure of survey respondents. Households' point and density forecasts of inflation become significantly more accurate with repeated practice of completing the survey. These learning gains are best identified when tenure-based combination forecasts are constructed. Tenured households on average produce lower point forecasts of inflation, perceive less forecast uncertainty, round their uncertainty but not their point forecasts, report unimodal densities, and provide internally consistent point and density forecasts.
High Protein Milk Affected the Increase of the Hb Levels of Third-trimester of Pregnancy with Anemia
Authors: Mayang Dian Mayasari , Ratih Mega Septiasari  , Ita Nurfadilah
Published: November 2024

Anemia is a risk factor that contributes to 50% of all maternal deaths. The main factors causing anemia are low iron intake and infection. Protein intake, especially animal protein intake, helps increase iron absorption. This study aims to determine the effect of providing high protein milk intake on increasing hemoglobin levels in pregnant women in the third trimester with iron deficiency. This type of research is Pre-Experimental with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study was all third-trimester of pregnant women with pale faces in the of the Gondanglegi Public Health Center Kabupaten Malang. The sample was 33 people taken by using the total sampling technique. The measuring test was the Wilcoxon Marked Rank Test. The examination results showed that the average hemoglobin level before treatment was 10.1 gr/dl, and after treatment was 11.1 gr/dl. The results showed that there was an effect of giving high-protein milk on increasing hemoglobin levels in third-trimester pregnant women with pale skin in Gondanglegi Health Center (p-value = 0.000). This study concludes that milk protein consumption basically affects the increase in hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. It is recommended for pregnant women who get anemia to focus on their food intake, especially protein consumption.
“Uşaq və cəmiyyət: sağlamlıq, inkişaf və qidalanma problemləri
Authors: Azərbaycan Tibb Universiteti
Published: November 2024

9-12 oktyabr tarixlərində Bakıda, ilk dəfə olaraq, “Uşaq və cəmiyyət: sağlamlıq, inkişaf və qidalanma problemləri” mövzusunda XI Avrasiya Uşaq Həkimlərinin Konqresi keçirilib. Böyük fəxr və qürur hissi ilə bildiririk ki, konqresdə dəyərli alimlər, xarici və beynəlxalq təşkilatlardan səhiyyə mütəxəssisləri bir araya gələrək, uşaqların sağlamlıq problemləri, onların rifahına qayğı siyasəti, uşaqlarla bağlı səhiyyə-sağlamlıq perspektivlərinin müəyyənləşdirilməsi istiqamətində öz rəy və təkliflərini bölüşməklə, həllini gözləyən məsələləri gündəmə gətirməklə tədbirin işinə böyük töhvə veriblər. 3 gün davam edən beynəlxalq tədbirdə 9 ölkədən 200-ləy çox xarici nümayəndə – tanınmış səhiyyə işçiləri, elm xadimləri təmsil olunub və 168 elmi məruzə təqdim olunub, ümumilikdə isə 600 iştirakçı qeydiyyatdan keçib. Konqresdə Azərbaycan Respublikası Səhiyyə Nazirliyi, Elm və Təhsil Nazirliyi, Ailə, Qadın və Uşaq Problemləri üzrə Dövlət Komitəsi və Azərbaycan Tibb Universitetindən rəhbər və nümayəndələr, millət vəkilləri, səfirlər, Şanxay Əməkdaşlıq Təşkilatının Xəstəxanalarla Əməkdaşlıq Alyansının direktoru və digər səlahiyyətli şəxslər, Avrasiya dövlətlərindən 4 akademik, 3 ölkədən elmi-tədqiqat pediatriya institutlarının, 3 ölkədən tibb universitetlərinin rəhbər şəxsləri, 12 kaferdra müdiri, 17 pediatriya assosiasiyası və cəmiyyətlərin sədrləri, 4 ölkənin uşaq xəstəxanalarının rəhbərləri və b. qonaqlar iştirak etdilər. Bundan əlavə, 3 ölkənin ATU-ilə əməkdaşlıq memorandumları təklif olunaraq  ATU-nin Beynəlxalq şöbəsinə təqdim edildi. Ümid edirk ki, konqresdə irəli sürülən prioritetlərin reallaşdırılması ilə biz milli genofondumuzun sağlam inkişafında böyük bir tohfə verəcəyik. Konqresin təşkili və keçirilməsində başda Azərbaycan Respublikası Səhiyyə Nazirliyi olmaqla, əməyi keçən hər bir iştirakçıya dərin təşəkkürümüzü bildiririk.
SARATOV RESIDENTS ON THE PAGES OF “MY MEMOIRES” BY PRINCE S.M. VOLKONSKY (NOTES OF A READER-ARCHIVIST)
Authors:   Saratov Region State Archives, Shashkina Margarita N.
Published: November 2024

Over the past three decades, the works by Russian émigré Prince S.M. Volkonsky, the grandson of the Decembrist, one of the outstanding figures of Russian culture and an heir to European cultural traditions, has become well known in his homeland. The book “My Memoirs,” written by Volkonsky in Soviet Russia but published in emigration, is rightfully considered to be the pinnacle of Russian memoirs. A rich panorama of life over half a century is presented in his work, among other things, through the prince’s numerous encounters with a variety of people – both from his circle and those completely alien to him. The author of the article identifies from Volkonsky’s narrative the characters that were associated with one of the largest cities on the Volga River– Saratov. Traces of those people over the century have not been lost in archival and museum documents, bearing witness to the very existence of the particular Saratov residents. The milestones of their destinies – as the wanderers in time and space (and that was the way Volkonsky liked to portray them) – continue to be confirmed in the works of present-day researchers. The governor of Saratov, a talented musician-ascetic, a conservative teacher-translator and a Bolshevik, a “herald of the new world” – the images of those people appear on the pages of Volkonsky’s memoirs only once, occasionally. But they are remembered thanks to the memory of the one who passed them down for us.
Ciudades Santuarios en países andinos. Una revisión literaria (2000-2022)
Authors: Tapia Ladino Marcela , De la Vega Victoria
Published: November 2024

Este artículo analiza las iniciativas de acogida y hospitalidad en América Latina, específicamente en los países andinos como Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Chile y Bolivia durante el siglo XXI. Basándose en la experiencia de ciudades santuarios en el norte global, el estudio revisa las iniciativas locales y nacionales de hospitalidad y solidaridad hacia la población migrante o desplazada en estos países. La metodología incluyó una revisión de diez años de literatura científica usando distintos motores de búsqueda y bases de datos. A partir de esta búsqueda, los hallazgos indican que, en general, se trata de iniciativas que surgen por dos vías: la primera, desde los organismos internacionales hacia países y ciudades de “arriba hacia abajo”, y la segunda, desde organizaciones sociales locales, es decir, “de abajo hacia arriba”. Las primeras dependen de voluntades políticas y las segundas suelen ser acciones atomizadas y temporales, lo que dificulta la disponibilidad de la información.
A Rossian Method for Applying Principles in AI
Authors: Andes Peter , Lau Robin , Rockwell Geoffrey , Mah-Fraser Tammy
Published: November 2024

In the past several years there has been a rapid development of new technologies, applications, organizations, and institutions in the area of artificial intelligence (AI). At the same time, ethical reasoning about AI has not been able to keep up with the speed of these advances. As a result, developers are left to rely on existing rules, professional codes, policies and personal ethics which may not provide the appropriate guidance about ethical conduct and may require greater specificity (O'Leary). Many commentators have acknowledged the need for a clearer understanding of ethical values and principles to guide AI research. Drawing on insights from the formation of the field of biomedical ethics, we argue that AI ethics should make use of the method based on prima facie duties derived from W.D. Ross’ approach to ethics. A Rossian approach has proved influential in biomedical ethics. We further propose a modification to the list of principles proposed by Floridi and Cowls, arguing that the principles of explicability and accountability should be separated for ease of application. We argue that this method of applying principles is just what has been missing in AI ethics and is the crucial link between the now common lists of principles and putting them into practice in a way that can inform actual developments on the ground.
Can Machine Learning Identify Criminals Just by Looking at Their Faces?
Authors: Andes Peter
Published: November 2024

In 2016, AI researchers Xiaolin Wu and Xi Zhang posted a paper to a non-peer reviewed depository that explained their plan to use machine learning to recognize criminals just by looking at their faces. They claimed to discover that “some discriminating structural features for predicting criminality have been found by machine learning.” There was an immediate backlash. According to Wu and Zhang, critics called the project racist. The researchers defended their stance, admitting that some of the language they used did have negative connotations due to oversights in translating their research into English, but overall standing by the project. This case study examines the ethics of their research. The analysis provided by the author argues that the kind of research under discussion in this case study is not ethical to carry out.
Abordagem humanizada com o método canguru nas unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal
Authors: vieira Gessica Marília da Silva
Published: November 2024

No Brasil, 12,4% dos recém-nascidos são prematuros, enfrentando maior morbimortalidade devido a complicações em seus órgãos e sistemas. A separação da mãe pode causar impactos psicológicos e emocionais no bebê e na família, afetando o vínculo afetivo e a amamentação exclusiva. O método canguru (MC), implementado em São Paulo em 1992 e em Pernambuco em 1993, tornou-se uma política pública. O MC envolve três etapas: internação, alojamento conjunto e apoio ambulatorial, com o enfermeiro desempenhando um papel crucial em todas as fases, facilitando a implementação e fortalecendo o vínculo mãe-filho. Este estudo analisa a eficácia e os benefícios do MC, identificando os benefícios do contato pele a pele entre pais e bebês prematuros, avaliando a implementação e eficácia do método, e investigando sua influência na duração da hospitalização e na incidência de infecções hospitalares. A revisão da literatura sobre o MC em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) foi realizada em três bases de dados: BVS, LILACS e PubMed, focando em artigos publicados em português nos últimos cinco anos. O método canguru é uma estratégia de cuidado neonatal que beneficia recém-nascidos e familiares, reduzindo internações, fortalecendo o vínculo terapêutico e melhorando resultados clínicos, além de reduzir custos hospitalares e recursos, destacando a importância de sua implementação para um cuidado mais humanizado e eficiente.
Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation using Vaughan Williams Class IC Drugs for Multiple Premature AtrialContractions: A Clinical Observational Study
Authors: Akira Yamaguchi
Published: November 2024

Background: Atrial fibrillation (A-Fib) poses a significant clinical challenge, particularly in the elderly and those with hypertension. If A-Fib represents one stage in the spectrum of electrical degeneration caused by aging-induced remodeling of the left atrial wall, catheter ablation is not an essential treatment. The efficacy of Vaughan Williams Class IC drug in preventing the progression of multiple premature atrial contractions (mPAC) toward paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and A-Fib in the earlier stage of histological change was investigated. Method and results: Group A (4 patients with mPAC) and Group B (9 patients with PAF) were treated with Class IC drugs. Treatment outcomes were compared between these two Groups and Group C (8 patients with chronic A-Fib). Follow-up assessments were performed to evaluate the maintenance of sinus rhythm. All mPAC patients maintained sinus rhythm during the follow-up period. In the PAF group, 8 out of 9 patients maintained their sinus rhythm. Conclusion: Early treatment with Class IC drugs shows promise in preventing the progression of A-Fib and maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with mPAC and PAF. These findings highlight the potential role of pharmacological therapy in delaying the onset of A-Fib, thereby improving clinical outcomes and reducing the need for invasive procedures such as ablation.
Pengaruh Metode Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Narasi
Authors: Mukiman Mukiman , Farida Nugrahani  , Suwarto Suwarto
Published: November 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pengaruh metode pembelajaran Task Based Language Teaching (TBLT) dan motivasi belajar terhadap keterampilan menulis teks narasi pada peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sensus sampling, yaitu semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas V dengan jumlah sebanyak 34 orang peserta didik.  Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode kuesioner dan tes. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan analisis, dapat diketahui bahwa metode pembelajaran TBLT berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai t statistik sebesar 6,204 dengan signifikansi p = 0,000. Motivasi belajar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai t statistik sebesar 2,448 dengan signifikansi p = 0,020. Metode pembelajaran TBLT dan motivasi belajar secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterampilan menulis yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai F statistik sebesar 48,607 dengan signifikansi p = 0,000.
The Effectiveness Of English Debate In Enhancing Eleventh Grade Of Students’ Speaking Skills
Authors: Safitri Hilma , Lisahnes Suntari
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of English debate on the speaking skills of eleventh-grade students at SMA Yadika 10 Kosambi, Tangerang Regency. By employing a pre-experimental design with pre- and post-tests, the study utilized a quantitative approach to analyze data collected from student actions, verbal expressions, and supplementary written documents, pictures, or statistical data. The study's theoretical framework was grounded in Sibuea's (2021) theory of debate, which posits that engaging in debate fosters critical thinking, communication, and language development. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 20. Descriptive statistical analysis revealed a substantial improvement in students' speaking skills. The average pre-test score was 1.18 (standard deviation 0.39), while the average post-test score was 2.32 (standard deviation 0.55). This significant increase suggested that the debate intervention positively affected students' speaking skills. Further analysis revealed a positive correlation (r = 0.425) between pre-test and post-test scores, indicating that the observed improvement was directly attributable to the intervention. A paired samples t-test confirmed this finding, revealing a mean difference of -1.14 with a t-statistic of -23.897 (p < 0.001). This highly significant difference strongly supported the conclusion that the debate method significantly enhanced students' speaking skills in terms of grammar, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and pronunciation. These improvements were evident in the post-test scores, demonstrating the effectiveness of English debate in fostering holistic speaking development.
EXPLORING COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE WISDOM IN C. S. LEWIS' CHRONICLES OF NARNIA: INSIGHTS INTO THOUGHT AND EMOTION
Authors: Belangi Nadia Adinda , Purwarno Purwarno , Hariati Puji
Published: November 2024

This qualitative study offers a comprehensive exploration of the complex wisdom embodied by Aslan, the central figure in C.S. Lewis's celebrated work, The Chronicles of Narnia. Grounded in Sternberg’s balance theory of wisdom, this research investigates both the cognitive and affective dimensions of Aslan's wisdom. Employing Creswell's thematic analysis approach, we closely examine Aslan's character to reveal a range of attributes that underpin his wisdom. Findings indicate that Aslan’s cognitive wisdom encompasses a profound understanding, strategic foresight, empathy, moral discernment, and a balanced response to adversity. These elements underscore his deep insight and the capacity to navigate complex moral landscapes. Moreover, his affective wisdom emerges through his compassion, bravery, and moral leadership, as he guides Narnia’s inhabitants. Through his actions, speech, and interactions, Aslan exemplifies an understanding of emotions, human connection, and the transformative impact of love and forgiveness. This study contributes to a deeper appreciation of wisdom as portrayed in literary narratives, illustrating how Aslan’s character models an integrated, multifaceted concept of wisdom.
TABOO WORDS IN STEPHEN KING’S NOVEL THE SHINING
Authors: Sembiring M. Indra Arikami , Purwarno Purwarno , Hariati Puji
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the use of taboo words by characters in Stephen King’s novel The Shining through a sociolinguistic approach, focusing on their types and functions. The novel follows Jack Torrance, his wife Wendy, and their son Danny, whose stay at the Overlook Hotel leads Jack into a spiral of psychological instability and violence. This research categorizes and quantifies the types and functions of taboo words, applying a descriptive qualitative method complemented by quantitative analysis. The primary data source was the novel itself, with the researcher as the primary instrument and a data sheet as a secondary tool. Results indicate four types of taboo words: epithets, profanity, obscenities, and vulgarities, totaling 300 instances. Profanity appears most frequently (123 instances, 41%), with obscenities following at 79 instances (26.33%). Epithets account for 63 instances (21%), while vulgarities occur least often at 35 instances (11.67%). Further, analysis of the functions of taboo words reveals that characters use them in auxiliary (126 instances, 42%), expletive (101 instances, 33.67%), abusive (63 instances, 21%), and humorous (10 instances, 3.33%) capacities. The dominance of the auxiliary function suggests that characters frequently incorporate taboo language into regular speech patterns rather than using it for direct insult. The minimal presence of the humorous function aligns with the novel's intense psychological horror and supernatural atmosphere, which limits comedic expression.
NEGATIVE POLITENESS STRATEGIES IN ANDREA HIRATA’S NOVEL LASKAR PELANGI
Authors: Khair Muhammad , Manugeren M. , Purwarno Purwarno
Published: November 2024

This research delves into the intricate portrayal of negative politeness strategy in Andrea Hirata's novel Laskar Pelangi. Employing linguistic politeness theory by Brown and Levinson and a structuralism approach, the study aims to elucidate the connection between linguistics and literature within the novel's context. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, the text is analyzed, focusing on instances of negative politeness strategies employed by characters in various social interactions. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, 53 instances of negative politeness strategies are identified in the novel. The literature review underscores the significance of negative politeness for maintaining rapport and respect in social interactions, particularly in contexts prone to imposition or conflict. Extracted examples from the novel illustrate how characters utilize negative politeness to navigate complex social dynamics and preserve harmonious relationships within their community. The findings reveal cultural nuances embedded in politeness strategies, reflecting Indonesian societal norms and values. Characters in Laskar Pelangi employ indirect speech acts, hedging language, and deferential expressions to mitigate threats to others' autonomy or comfort, contributing to the narrative's tone of warmth and sincerity. Overall, this research highlights the integral role of negative politeness strategies in shaping character interactions and reflecting cultural values in Laskar Pelangi. By employing these strategies, characters negotiate social hierarchies and navigate interpersonal relationships while demonstrating respect and consideration for others.
POLITICAL CONFLICT IN LAUT BERCERITA BY LEILA S. CHUDORI: INSIGHTS FROM NEW HISTORICISM
Authors: Hartati Rita , Pratiwy Devi , Anayati Wan
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the political conflict depicted in Leila S. Chudori's novel Laut Bercerita, focusing on the portrayal of the student’s movement and authoritarian regime dominated by military force in Indonesia during the New Order era. Drawing on the theories of Sociology of Literature and New Historicism, the study aims to analyze the socio-political dynamics embedded within the narrative. The qualitative descriptive method is employed to examine the text in-depth, considering its historical significance and literary merits. Through close textual analysis, the research reveals the intricate interplay between fiction and reality, shedding light on the experiences of activists and the repressive tactics of the regime. The novel vividly captures the determination, struggles, and sacrifices of student activists as they challenge authoritarian rule, providing valuable insights into Indonesia's socio-political landscape. Additionally, the study explores the ways in which literature serves as a vehicle for social critique and historical remembrance, emphasizing the enduring relevance of Chudori's work in contemporary discourse. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of Indonesian history and literature, underscoring the importance of literature as a tool for socio-political commentary and cultural preservation.
EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN DANIELLE STEEL'S A PERFECT LIFE
Authors: Al Mirrah Mailisa , Pawiro Muhammad Ali , Ezir Ely
Published: November 2024

This study explores the use of expressive speech acts in Danielle Steel’s novel A Perfect Life, aiming to uncover how these acts contribute to character development and narrative progression. The primary objective is to analyze the prevalence and functions of expressive speech acts—such as expressions of pleasure, pain, joy, sorrow, like, dislike, and apology—within the text. The theoretical framework is grounded in speech act theory, particularly focusing on expressive speech acts as defined by J. L. Austin and further developed by John Searle. This research employs a qualitative approach to dissect and categorize the expressive language used by the novel’s main characters. The analysis reveals a notable dominance of dislike and apology among the expressive speech acts, with a lesser focus on pain, joy, and pleasure. Dislike emerges as the most frequently utilized act, reflecting significant emotional and narrative weight in the characters' interactions. The study's findings suggest that expressive speech acts are crucial in conveying emotional depth and relational dynamics within the novel. The implications of this research highlight the role of expressive speech acts in enhancing narrative engagement and character development. Understanding these dynamics offers valuable insights for literary analysis and can inform future studies on character expression in fiction. The study anticipates that further research could explore the comparative application of expressive speech acts across different genres and authors, expanding the understanding of emotional expression in literature.
PERCEPTIONS OF HUMAN-NATURE RELATIONSHIPS IN JOY HARJO'S AMERICAN INDIAN POEMS
Authors: Wijaya Silvia Marta , Rahayu Masnia
Published: November 2024

The connection between nature and Joy Harjo's American Indian poems is worth discussing because nature impacts human existence. To confirm and consider ideas about the environment, particularly the environment's vulnerability to human activity and exploitation, this study examines metaphorical language in some of Harjo's works. By examining the complex interactions between the environment and humans, this study advances our knowledge of how issues of ecology are portrayed in literature to promote environmental awareness. This research examines ecological themes in two American Indian poems by Joy Harjo, Talking with the Sun and Once the World Was Perfect, using Garrard's ecocritical theory and qualitative methodology. The research shows how Harjo's works demonstrate the detrimental effects of human activities on ecosystems and, as a result, criticize anthropocentrism through qualitative ecocritical analysis. Talking with the Sun explores the spiritual bond between humans and nature, while Once the World Was Perfect highlights the damages caused by environmental degradation and human exploitation. This research contributed to the discourse of ecocriticism by highlighting how literature can highlight issues of the environment.