bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Focus: Acidizing (June 2024)
Authors: Abbasy Imran
Published: June 2024

Industry continues to struggle with acid distribution and penetration. Most papers, therefore, continue to focus on these themes. Other than recommendations for further reading, a few other papers are worthy of mention and may provide some useful tools for the practicing engineer.

Paper SPE 214416 describes a novel technique that could perhaps be developed further. The concept is built around running a tool on wireline across the zone of interest, which, upon activation, generates hot acid vapor. The procedure is simple, bearing a low cost with no associated environmental hazards. Engineers desperately need an alternative to acid placement through pipe, coiled tubing, or bullheading. For example, propellants have been around for years; however, their performance has not quite met the hype. Nevertheless, several case histories have been authored to suggest their efficacy; historically, some treatments have even been wildly successful. The point is, more effort is needed to mature techniques such as these as an alternative to conventional stimulation.

In paper URTEC 3818857, an oxidizer is introduced as a preflush to improve near-wellbore conductivity without adding significant cost and operational complexity. The oxidizer was effective in removing biological debris and biofilms, thereby improving acid penetration. Paper SPE 215664 examines the use of biodegradable particles and fibers to divert in naturally fractured carbonates. Size distribution was the key to achieving temporary isolation with a minimal amount of material. In fact, the paper showcases successful treatments with less than one barrel of this material. Furthermore, no material was recovered during flowback, indicating complete degradation.

Lastly, SPE 216144 introduces a novel automated framework that relies on smart sampling and tests multiple scenarios to arrive at an optimal stimulation design. The process is intelligent and entirely Web-based.

Acid stimulation is indispensable, and the understanding of fluid systems, and the placement thereof, continues to evolve.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 218353 From Zero to Hero: A New Breakthrough of Stimulation Method by Combining Acidizing and Cyclic Extended Breakdown in Sawah Field by Ilfi, PT Pertamina, et al.

SPE 214821 How Downhole Conditions Impact Acidizing Performance in Carbonate Reservoirs by M.A. Sayed, Saudi Aramco, et al.

SPE 215332 Novel Single-Phase Retarded Acid System for Effective Stimulation of Limestone Reservoirs by Mohammed Qamruzzaman, ONGC, et al.
Technology Focus: Hydraulic Fracturing Operations (June 2024)
Authors: Pandey Vibhas
Published: June 2024

Hydraulic fracturing continues to be one of the popular stimulation techniques employed to enhance production from oil and gas wells worldwide. The application of this technique in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs has resulted in improved hydrocarbon recovery from several oil and gas reserves worldwide.

The authors of paper SPE 217813 discuss the use of far-field diverters as a technique to protect parent wells from the detrimental effects of fracture-driven interactions when fracture-stimulating infill wells. Various case histories of the wells drilled and completed in the Bakken and Three Fork formations are presented in the paper. The authors observe that most infill wells under study exhibited superior or comparable year-long production behavior when compared with offset parent wells and also resulted in fewer wellbore cleanouts in some of the parent wells. The authors also note that effectiveness of such treatments depends on formation characteristics and wellbore production history.

Paper SPE 213110 presents the observed benefits of fracture-stimulating a high-viscosity oil-bearing formation that was earlier classified as a secondary target in the Apaika-Nenke oilfield in Ecuador. The authors provide a detailed description of reservoir, geology, and pressure/volume/temperature properties, along with modeling workflows adopted to maximize the benefits of stimulating low-API and highly viscous oil-bearing formations that resulted in improved well performance in comparison to unstimulated cases.

In paper SPE 215705, the authors present the introduction of hydraulic fracturing on initially unstimulated wells completed in low-permeability oil-bearing formations in North Africa. The authors report a multifold increase in well production after fracture stimulation from the formations that have been producing for a long time after initial well completion that did not include well stimulation. The authors emphasize that the potential to improve well performance with fracture-stimulation treatments must be pursued despite challenges offered by wellbore architecture.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 216510 Photonic-Hydraulic Fracturing Hybrid Approach Minimizing Breaking Pressure by Sameeh I. Batarseh, EXPEC, et al.

SPE 217764 Statistics and Case Studies of Drainage Frac Height and Zonal Contribution of Stacked Plays in the Midland and Uinta Basin by Shuangyu Ge, RevoChem, et al.

SPE 217327 Successful Deployment of New Innovative Polymer Fluid System for Coalbed Methane Hydraulic Fracturing in Hancheng Area, Shaanxi Province, China: A Case History by S.H. Goh, SLB, et al.
Far-Field Diverters Protect Parent-Well Production in Unconventional Wells
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: June 2024

_

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 217813, “Protecting Parent-Well Production Using Far-Field Diverters in Unconventional Wells,” by Foluke O. Ajisafe, SPE, Liberty Energy, and Hank Porter, SPE, and Sunny Kothare, Lime Rock Resources, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

_

The effect of fracture-driven interaction (FDI) is an increasing concern in mature developed unconventional plays in the US. In this study, parent-well production performance after infill-well stimulation is evaluated to understand the effectiveness of a far-field diverter in mitigating FDIs. Studies to determine whether FDIs result in a negative or positive effect have concluded that the effect varies from basin to basin. In this project, the purpose of pumping the far-field diverter is to mitigate wellbore sanding and production loss in existing parent wells.

Introduction

The operator in this study is active in the Bakken and Three Forks formation in the Williston Basin and had experienced the negative effect of FDIs. These can occur because of close well spacing and large fluid and proppant volumes and can be exacerbated by reservoir pressure depletion caused by production. In the project described in the complete paper, pressure depletion is the main driver for fracture hits to the parent wells. Most of the parent wells have been in production for years before infill-well drilling and completion. The main goal is to maximize production of parent and infill wells and avoid sanding the parent well by decreasing the frequency and severity of fracture hits to parent wells. To combat this issue, operators have tried several solutions, such as optimized well spacing and treatment designs, repressurization, and even refracturing, with mixed results. A cost-effective solution with simpler operational logistics, the use of a far-field diverter was considered to create more complexity and reduce the occurrence of extended fracture geometry toward the depleted zone or region. The far-field diverter pill is a mixture of materials transported to the tip of the fracture, where they bridge and create a low-permeability plug for fracture geometry control to mitigate FDIs.

The complete paper provides a history of the operator’s experience with the use of far-field diverters.

Current Work Scope

Since 2019, multiple infill (child) wells have been completed, and far-field diverters implemented, to mitigate fracture hits to offset parent wells. Extensive work was completed in eight different well pads (Pad A through Pad H) across three different counties, Dunn, Mountrail, and McKenzie. The far-field diverter pill was pumped in 25 horizontal wells landed in both the Middle Bakken and Three Forks formations. The main objective of this study was to investigate the production effect on parent wells after the use of far-field diverter on the infill wells.
Cimentação de Pinos de Fibra de Vidro: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Araújo Anna Clara Gomes de , Vasconcelos Rodrigo Gadelha , Vasconcelos Marcelo Gadelha
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Os pinos de fibra de vidro (PFVs) são considerados uma excelente alternativa reabilitadora. A cimentação consiste em uma das etapas mais importantes do protocolo clínico da técnica do PFV e deve ser realizada criteriosamente. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a cimentação de PFVs, explanando os sistemas adesivos e cimentos resinosos que devem ser utilizados, bem como o protocolo de cimentação adesiva que deve ser realizado para garantir uma adesão satisfatória e obter sucesso no tratamento. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica de estudos publicados entre 2000-2021 por meio da busca nas bases de dados: PubMED/Medline, Scielo (Scientific Eletronic Library) e Google Acadêmico. Para a pesquisa foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: Dente não Vital (Tooth, Nonvital), Pinos Dentários (Dental Pins) e Técnica para Retentor Intrarradicular (Post and Core Technique). Após criteriosa filtragem, foram selecionados 42 trabalhos para inclusão no estudo, além de 9 livros considerados relevantes para esta revisão. Resultados: É necessário selecionar um sistema adesivo e um cimento resinoso apropriado. O clínico deve atentar-se também ao método de inserção dos cimentos resinosos para que se diminua o índice de falhas adesivas. Conclusão: Os cimentos resinosos autoadesivos de dupla ativação são os mais indicados para a cimentação dos PFVs. Quando utilizados, é preferível o uso de sistemas adesivos de três passos e adesivos autocondicionantes de dois passos. Não há consenso na literatura sobre qual o melhor tratamento para melhorar as propriedades da dentina intrarradicular e aumentar a força de união na cimentação de PFVs.
Representation of Female Actors from the Perspective of Female Writers in the Novel â€œHati Suhitaâ€
Authors: Mariyani Anik , Sari Esti Swatika , Liliani Else
Published: June 2024

Novels are one of the literary discourses that impact the field of literacy today. This is caused by the value content contained in the novel. The value content infused through the novel will indirectly provide learning and new perspectives for the reader. The novel written by the writer with an Islamic boarding school background, Khilma Anis, entitled Hati Suhita is an example of a novel with values that have an impact on the point of view and mindset regarding the position and representation of women, especially from the perspective of a female writer. This novel brings an interesting theme in the critical discourse analysis model of Sara Mills. This research focuses on the position and representation of women in the novel. This research method uses qualitative research. The data used is in the form of novel manuscripts. Data collection techniques through reduction, data display, and verification. The results of the analysis show that the dominance of women as objects (position and representation of women) is dominated through 8 elements, namely 5 elements of critical discourse analysis at the phrase/sentence level (Metaphor, Transitivity system, Proverb, Feminism and Ideology, and Jokes and humor) and 3 elements at the discourse level (fragmentation, focalization, role).
RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT MODALITIES OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors:   Third Year Post Graduate Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, J K Lon Hospital, Government Medical College, Kota (Raj.) India., Gehlot Divya , Meena Suman ,   Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, J K Lon Hospital, Government Medical College, Kota (Raj.) India.
Published: June 2024

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy anywhere other than uterine cavity. Approximately 1-2% pregnancies are ectopic associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Fallopian tube is the commonest site. Present study deals with the analysis of risk factors, clinical presentation and treatment modalities of ectopic pregnancy. Material and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out on 100 cases which were diagnosed and treated at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, J K Lon Hospital, Government Medical College, Kota (Raj.), India. Parameters studied were age, parity, gestation period (weeks), risk factors, clinical presentation, medical management and surgical intervention. Results: Present study included 100 cases in which 72% belonged to age group of 19-30 years. Maximum cases were recorded between parity 0 and 2. Previous abortion (33%) was the most common risk factor. Most of the patients had ruptured (54%) ectopic pregnancy outcome. Tenderness was a common clinical feature on abdominal examination. Medical management was done for 11 patients of which 9 cases were successfully treated (81.8%). In 64% cases, emergency laparotomy with unilateral salpingectomy was applied as surgical intervention. Conclusion: Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is a challenging task by its bizarre clinical picture as it is clinically ranging from asymptomatic case to acute abdomen to hemodynamic shock. It is imperative to take close examination with use of advance diagnostic tools and management. Most of the patients of ectopic pregnancy presented ruptured outcome and period of amenorrhea was significantly associated with it. Early diagnosis and advance management would reduce the morbidity and mortality in ectopic pregnancy.
ANALYZING FINANCIAL TRENDS IN THE CONTEMPORARY AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors: Sarin Shlok
Published: June 2024

The modern automobile industry represents a dynamic and complex sector, influenced by technological advancements, regulatory changes, consumer preferences, and global economic trends. This research paper provides a comprehensive financial analysis of the modern automobile industry, examining key metrics, trends, and challenges facing automotive companies. By analyzing financial statements, market performance, and industry dynamics, this paper aims to offer insights into the financial health, competitive landscape, and prospects of the automobile industry. Through a combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative research, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the financial intricacies shaping the modern automotive sector.
HEMOTHORAX SPONTANEE DANS LA NEUROFIBROMATOSE TYPE 1 : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Departement dAnesthesie-Reanimation, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech., Berramou Ikrame , Rhezali Manal ,   Departement dAnesthesie-Reanimation, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech., Abouelhassan Taoufik ,   Departement dAnesthesie-Reanimation, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech., Nejmi Hicham ,   Departement dAnesthesie-Reanimation, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech.
Published: June 2024

La neurofibromatose type est une maladie autosomique dominante responsable de multiples atteintes dermatologiques, neurologiques et vasculaires. Lhemothorax spontanee est une complication rare et grave decrite au cours de la neurofibromatose type 1. Nous rapportons le cas dune jeune patiente agee de 36 ans suivie pour la neurofibromatose type 1 ayant subi une reprise dune cicatrice supra claviculaire un jour avant son admission au service de dechoquage, admise dans un etat de choc hemorragique.
LIMPACT DE LA VACCINATION ANTI-PNEUMOCOCCIQUE SUR LES MENINGITES A PNEUMOCOQUE A MARRAKECH
Authors: Birgach Nada , Bouskraoui Mohammed
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Pneumococcal meningitis is a worldwide scourge in children under 5 years of age. The advent and introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has led to considerable progress in the prevention of PNO meningitis. In Morocco, a new 13-valent vaccine was introduced in February 2023 including pneumococcal polysaccharide of 13 serotypes (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, and 23F) on a 4-dose vaccine schedule thus covering more serotypes and providing more protection. The objective of our study is to determine the impact of pneumococcal vaccination on pneumococcal meningitis in Marrakech and to identify new non-vaccinated serotypes. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study carried out in children hospitalized in the pediatric department A at the Mohammed VI University Hospital Marrakech for pneumococcal meningitis over a period of 12 years from February 21, 2010 to December 21, 2022. Results: During this period, 140 confirmed pneumococcal meningitis cases were recorded. The mean age of the children was 3.5 years. Pneumococcal meningitis mainly affected children under 1 year of age in 46% of cases. The presenting signs of PNO meningitis in our series were predominantly acute fever, febrile meningeal syndrome and convulsions. Between 2010 and 2022, 95 strains isolated from CSF were serotyped. There was a significant regression of vaccine serotype meningitis between 2010 and 2014 and an increase in non-vaccine serotype meningitis starting in 2015. Serotypes 3,19 A, 6A were maintained between 2010 and 2022.The predominant serotypes in meningitis were serotypes 23F, 15, 19NV, 6B, 3, 19A, 11A. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of sequelae in 38% of cases, and 8% of death. Conclusion: Following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, a significant decrease in pneumococcal meningitis caused by the vaccine serotypes has been observed. However, efficacy data remain scarce warranting continued monitoring to assess the effectiveness of vaccination in improving protection against pneumococcal meningitis.
THE EFFECT OF LOWER EXTREMITY CLOSED KINEMATICS CHAIN EXERCISE ON POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME WITH MENORRHEA
Authors:   Research Scholar, Nanded Physiotherapy College and Research Centre, Nanded., Siddiqui Tazeen , Sawant Shweta ,   Assistant Professor, Department of CBR, Nanded Physiotherapy College and Research Centre, Nanded.
Published: June 2024

Aim:This study investigated the effect of lower extremity closed kinematics chain exercise on polycystic ovarian syndrome with menorrhea. Method:A total of 35 subject young women with polycystic ovarian syndrome between the age of 18 to 30 years, were recruited over 6 months and randomly allocated to an intervention group(n=35), participated in this observational experimental study. In this study menorrhea flow were measured at baseline prior to enrolment after 6 months of participation. In an intention-to-treat analysis, we experiment the closed kinematics chain exercise is effective in polycystic ovarian syndrome with menorrhea. Result: Result of this study were analysed in terms effect of lower extremity closed kinematics chain exercise on menorrhea with polycystic ovarian syndrome patient the population of 35 subjects [all females] were served for effect of lower extremity of closed kinematics exercise on patients with menorrhea in polycystic ovarian syndrome in age group of 18 to 30 yrs. Out of 35 patients Pads count are compared between pre and post result and same in result is seen in Menorrhea outcome questionnaire score. The study states that pads count and menorrhea outcome questionnaire score for menorrhea in polycystic ovarian syndrome patient is showed that improve after lower extremities closed kinematics chain exercise. Conclusion: The study concluded that conventional physiotherapy with lower extremity closed kinematics chain exercises are effective in reducing menorrhea in patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE AMONG PHC PHYSICIANS IN BURAIDAH CITY, 2020
Authors:   Department Of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Academy (Fma), Buraidah, Qassim Health Cluster, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia., A. Aloufi Muath , M. Al Saigul Abdullah ,   Department Of Family Medicine, Family Medicine Academy (Fma), Buraidah, Qassim Health Cluster, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. primary health care (PHC) doctors provide most of T2DM medical care Objectives: To estimate PHC physicians and family medicine residents level of T2DM management knowledge as per Saudi national reference of clinical guidelines for care of diabetic patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a structured questionnaire. Beside general participant characteristics, we prepared 17 questions on four aspects of T2DM management. These were diagnosis, non-pharmacological and oral hypoglycemic agent, insulin and follow up. Each aspect was given a score of 4-6 points and the total score was 20 points. Result: Out of 258 physicians, 178 were actually available at the time of the survey and 106 completed the study questionnaire. The overall response rate was 41.1%. The mean age of participants was 34.1 years and around two thirds of them were males. In-training family medicine residents formed the largest segment, 45 (42.5%). Mean duration of practice was 7.8 years. The reported daily workload showed that more than one-third of physicians (36.5%) manage â‰¥ 20 patients per day and almost all of them manage T2DM. Out of the total 20 points, only one quarter of participants had scored more than 15 points, while another quarter could not achieve more than 40%. Only physician qualification had impacted physician performance. Conclusion: PHC doctors knowledge about T2DM management is sub-optimal. Properly selected educational activities targeted diabetes management are needed.
HYDATID CYST LOCATED INTRAORBITALLY
Authors: Miara I. , Mabrouk N. , Ouazine M. , Berrada K. , Bentaleb D. , Laoudiyi D. , Chbani K. , Salam S.
Published: June 2024

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic infestation caused by the Echinococcus Granulasus tapeworm. Although adults are the most affected, children also suffer from this disease. The lungs are the most common sites of infection in children, but other sites are also affected. Orbital cystic echinococcosis is rare in children, even in endemic areas. Whether the origin of this site is primary or secondary remains controversial, particularly in children. Its left unilateral location has been reported in most publications. Diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnesis in an endemic context and imaging (ultrasound, CT and MRI), which makes a vital contribution to management and is confirmed by histological examination. We report a case of CE involving the orbit and presenting as progressively increasing exophthalmos and orbital swelling in a 5-year-old child, together with the echograrbic CT and MRI features.
RENDERING AL-MAFUL AL-MUTLAQ IN QURANIC TRANSLATION:A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE MALAY VERSIONS
Authors:   Arabic Language Unit Faculty of Islamic Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Azwan Kamarudin Mohamad , Abdullah Ibtisam ,   Arabic Language Unit Faculty of Islamic Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Zainal Hakim ,   Research Centre for ArabicLanguageand Islamic Civilisation Faculty of Islamic Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia., Hamdan Iqbal ,   Research Centre for ArabicLanguageand Islamic Civilisation Faculty of Islamic Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Published: June 2024

The maintenance or modification of the language style of a source text in its translated version is one of the aspects that is often observed in the study of style analysis or translation strategy. Al-Quran as a holy book that is rich and loaded with its own styles of language has caused polemics among scholars of translation of sacred texts from time to time such as differences of opinion and approach between them regarding strategies, methods, styles or techniques of translating the diversity of language styles of this holy book of all Muslims. Al-Maful al-Mutlaq which is one of the aspects of language style in the syntax of the Arabic language has seen a variety of strategies and ways of translation in its translation versions. Starting from that, this study aims to identify the holy verses of the Quran that contain the language style of al-Maful al-Mutlaq, analyze the verses containing al-Maful al-Mutlaq from morphological and syntactic aspects.and compare the translation strategies used when translating the three types of al-Maful al-Mutlaqin the three versions of the Malay translation of the Quran which is the sample of this study Terjemahan Al-Hidayah, Terjemahan Pimpinan Ar-Rahman Kepada Pengertian Al-Quran and Terjemahan Kompleks Percetakan al-Quran Raja Fahad. This study uses a qualitative approach by means of contrastive content analysis by comparing the syntax of Arabic and Malay regarding the concept and structure of al-Maful al-Mutlaq through the texts of selected verses of the Holy Quran. This study finally concludes that there are several discourse markers used by translators when translating al-Maful al-Mutlaq into Malay. This study is expected to be able to provide understanding and guidance to students of the Quranic language to recognize the style and strategy of translating al-Maful al-Mutlaq found in the Quran into the Malay language.
INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES FOR TEACHING BIG DATA SECURITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A REVIEW
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. of Computer Science and IT, JRNR Vidyapeeth, Udaipur, India., Jingar Pankaj , Singh Shaktawat Pradeep ,   Associate Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and IT, JRNR Vidyapeeth, Udaipur, India.
Published: June 2024

This study critically examined the existing literature to identify key themes, challenges, and best practices and provided comprehensive analysis of the evolving strategies and practices employed in higher education to teach big data security. in teaching big data security in higher education. The review emphasized the importance of integrating practical experiences, interdisciplinary approaches, and ethical considerations into the curriculum, ensuring stakeholders are well prepared to address the complexities of securing large scale data systems. By highlighting the significance of the industry collaborations and the need for standardized frameworks for teaching big data security, this study offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and stakeholders in higher education.
SCOPE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN SPECTRUM OF AYURVEDA
Authors:   P.G. Scholar, Department of Rog Nidan Avum Vikriti Vigyan, Institute for Ayurved Studies and Research, Shri Krishna AYUSH University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136118., Saini Prerna , Parashar Deepti ,   Professor & HOD, Department of Rog Nidan Avum Vikriti Vigyan, Institute for Ayurved Studies and Research, Shri Krishna AYUSH University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136118.
Published: June 2024

Ayurveda, the science of life is utilized for maintenance of health since ancient times. The main objective is to prolong lifespan of humans and also to maintain and promote their positive health. This traditional medical system with established history of many centuries is becoming one of the most popular sciences with safety and efficacy. With increase demand of Ayurvedic medicine and acceptance of Ayurveda in the global world, there is requirement of modernization and use of advance techniques in Ayurveda. There is a disconnect between cutting- edge technical developments and the development of methods to be incorporated into Ayurveda. Ayurveda is currently not exposed in terms of various concepts and ideologies. To decrease the lacunae in the current availability, the agglomeration of Ayurvedic sciences with modern technology is essential. Now a days newly progressed branch known as Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used to meet increasing demands of Ayurveda medicines and to tackle challenges faced during drug manufacturing. AI can be used to combine engineering principles into the drug development. This can be achieved through applicability of AI in the various sectors of Ayurveda.
NAVIGATING THE LANDSCAPE OF DEMENTIA: A HOLISTIC GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING, DETECTING, AND SUPPORTING INDIVIDUALS
Authors:   2nd Year Undergraduate Student, Bennett University., Tripathi Mrinal
Published: June 2024

Dementia, a collective term for various progressive neurodegenerative diseases, presents a significant challenge in healthcare, particularly with the global increase in the ageing population. This article explores the prevalence, stages, types, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options for dementia. By delving into these aspects, the aim is to foster a deeper understanding and empathy towards individuals affected by dementia and their caregivers.
Eating habits, physical health and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 lockdown: comparison between Hungarian and Jordanian female workers
Authors: Takruri Lina , Atlasz Tamás , Kertai Bendegúz , Khadra Farah Abu , Bánhidi Miklós , Tóth Ákos Levente
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted prolonged lockdowns in Jordan and Hungary from March 2020, aiming to curb the virus's spread. Due to distinct cultural backgrounds, this study explores variations in the impact of confinement on female workers in both countries. Aims: Through a questionnaire survey, the research examines pre, during, and post-lockdown habits of female employees, encompassing work patterns, diet, physical activity, and family responsibilities, aiming to identify cultural differences. Results: Notable differences emerged in lockdown homework engagement (62% Hungary, 81% Jordan), remote work intensity (40% Hungary, 83% Jordan), and partner-shared responsibilities. Hungarian women exhibited higher physical activity levels and fewer changes in eating habits, with only 28% reporting weight gain, in contrast to 67% of Jordanian women. The average body mass index for Hungarians is 25.1 ± 4.8 kg/m2, while Jordanians have 21.6 ± 3.0 kg/m2. Conclusion: The study underscores the role of physical activity in overcoming pandemic challenges. Promoting regular exercise for women in both countries is crucial, requiring enhanced motivation and opportunities, even amid potential future epidemics.
Optimal leakage detection and classification of the water distribution network based on the machine learning approach
Authors: Park HaeKeum , Oh YooJin , Kim Kibum , Kim Taehyeon , Hyung Jinseok , Koo Jayong
Published: June 2024

Water distribution networks are operated to supply tap water stably, but they suffer from leakage due to various factors, resulting in poor performance. In Korea, IoT (Internet of Things)-based smart sensors are installed to reduce these leaks, and a large amount of data is collected. In this study, to solve the data uncertainty and verification of the model's field applicability, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, which is based on boosting, was selected. This choice was made through hyperparameter optimization using leak detection data obtained from leak detection sensors, as well as data refined through on-site leak detection. The area under the curve_receiver operating characteristic value for each leak class using the XGB model was 0.9955 for class 0, 0.9956 for class 1, and 0.9985 for class 2. In addition, the partial dependence plot of 120 Hz, which has the highest variable importance, was derived from analyzing the influence of the leak detection and classification model on the amount of leak vibration change at 120 Hz. Therefore, it is expectged the suggested methods can be used to build a GIS-based monitoring system for real-time leak detection by linking the developed model and the location of the leak detection sensor.
Middle Power Cyber Security Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific: An Analysis Through the Lens of Neo-Middle Power Diplomacy
Authors: Murphy Thomas , Nagy Stephen
Published: June 2024

As technology has advanced and our world has become increasingly interconnected, cyberspace has become a key battlefield in great-power competition. The Indo-Pacific has found itself vulnerable in this new reality – the paucity of institutions, heterogeneity in levels of development, and the region being the primary zone of US-China competition fueling these vulnerabilities. Cyberspace provides a multitude of security threats posed by states, non-state actors and state-sponsored actors. Despite this, cybersecurity takes a backseat to other security issues despite its critical importance. Using the concept of neo-middle power diplomacy, this paper examines why the limited cybersecurity cooperation among middle powers in the Indo-Pacific has taken the shape it has. This paper finds that the two most promising areas of cooperation for middle powers are through confidence building measures and capacity building measures. Through actively pursuing these two measures, middle powers can become more effective, capable, and autonomous stakeholders within the Indo-Pacific.
Received: 03-17-2024
Revised: 05-03-2024
Untangling Sudan’s Discord: Decrypting the Intricate Threads of Turmoil
Authors: Afriyie Frederick Appiah
Published: June 2024

The conflict in Sudan between its military forces and a rival paramilitary group, exacerbated by allied militias, has escalated into a dire humanitarian crisis, reminiscent of past civil wars where hundreds of thousands perished. This ongoing struggle, marked by thousands of casualties and millions displaced, centers on a power struggle between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), with global powers seeking to influence the outcome. Despite initial hopes for democracy following the ousting of former dictator Omar al-Bashir in 2019, political turmoil ensued, culminating in a failed transitional government and the assumption of power by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan. Despite agreements aimed at civilian-led transition, missed deadlines and the contentious integration of the RSF into the national armed forces perpetuate the conflict. Amidst this turmoil, international sanctions target entities funding the conflict, such as Alkhaleej Bank, Al-Fakher Advanced Works, and Zadna International, among others, reflecting broader efforts to disrupt funding sources and facilitate a democratic transition. In this context, this research delves into the underlying factors driving the conflict in Sudan.
 
Received: 05-19-2024
Revised: 05-27-2024
Security and Climate Change: Challenges and Issues
Authors: Dalby Simon
Published: June 2024

On January 18, 2024, Dr. Simon Dalby presented Security and Climate Change: Challenges and Issues. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver Executives. The key points discussed were the complex relationship between climate change and conflict, the ability of climate change to redefine global security strategies, and the importance of implementing long-term initiatives before more significant amounts of resources are needed to address immediate climate crises.
 
Received: 01-29-2024
Revised: 02-04-2024
Intersections of Influence: Exploring the Nexus between Mass Media and Security
Authors: Watson Scott
Published: June 2024

On February 15, 2024, Dr. Scott Watson presented Intersections of Influence: Exploring the Nexus between Mass Media and Security. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the significant role of mass media in shaping public perceptions and policymaker attitudes on various security levels; the diffusion of media ownership, particularly in social media, allows for broader participation yet lacks the journalistic norms and ethics seen in traditional media; and how all types of media can produce insecurity through the spread of simplistic narratives, false equivalencies, the decline in societal trust, and the platforming of foreign influences.
 
Received: 02-26-2024
Revised: 03-01-2024
Finite Element Analysis of New Designed Intercalary Prosthesis Implant (Ulna Bone)
Authors: Mustafa Sadeer Anwer , Shammari Ahmed Z. M. , Augla Wmieth A. J. , Mohammed M. N.
Published: June 2024

Implantation via an intercalary prosthetic method is a reliable solution for reconstructing a long defect in bones that has been damaged by severe disease or accidents. In the current study, using data from computed tomography (CT) scans, a novel costumed intercalary prosthesis design has been created. To achieve this purpose, the CT scan data of a patient in (DICOM) file format was converted into computer-aided design models and saved in stereolithography (STL) format using the 3D slicer (5.0.3) software. The STL files were loaded into Meshmixer software to design the models of the intercalary prosthesis. Finite element analysis (FEA) was applied to validate the strength of the prosthesis with impact, tensile testing, and torsional testing. According to the results of the impact tests, the highest recorded deformation was 8.8485e-002 m in the area where the implant body interfaces with the bone intramedullary canal, due to the high-stress (Von Mises Stress) value of 3.78 E9 PA. In the torsional loaded the highest deformation recorded was 1.3871e-008 m when the Von Mises stress reached 49006 PA,  and with the application of the tensile test the largest deformation measured as 1.0458e-006 m at maximum Von Mises stress seen was recorded as 6.6012e+006 PA which caused that. A solid rod of Ti6Al4V alloy was selected. Finally, the analysis proved that the implant had enhanced mechanical properties. Based on the findings, it can be inferred that the prosthesis was successfully implanted, and a satisfactory result was obtained by using this design method.
A Review on Tool Pin Geometry of Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Ahmed Walaa H. , Kadhum Ali H. , Salleh Mohd Shukor
Published: June 2024

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an innovative solid joining operation that has recently been intensively adopted in welding various similar and dissimilar metallic materials, including aluminum, steel, titanium alloys, and others. The success of FSW relies on a set of parameters like rotational speed, travel speed, axial force, tool geometry, etc. The role of tool geometry (involving both pin and shoulder design) is highly important in producing sound and high-strength weld joints. Therefore, this research aims to review the latest published works regarding the performance of different tool geometries. The discussion of the findings of the cited works revealed that each tool pin design has shown different behavior due to the various stirring efficiencies of the materials being welded. All in all, the square threaded pin had the best geometry in terms of its mechanical properties compared to other pin designs. The threaded cylinders and threaded taper are most commonly utilized and offer good joints, while the maximum joint efficiency was achieved by the square pin profile and it reached 94% in some investigations.
GSM-enabled Wireless Patient Monitoring System Integrating Microcontroller for Managing Vital Signstal signs
Authors: Ali Tariq Emad , Ali Faten Imad , TEJFEL Máté , Zoltán Alwahab Dhulfiqar
Published: June 2024

The primary focus of this project is developing a cutting-edge remote monitoring of patients device for use in an intensive care unit (ICU). The gadget is designed to capture and transmit vital health data from the patient's body, including oxygen saturation levels, heart rate, and temperatures. It is also capable of monitoring a pacemaker. Information is then sent to a remote location after that. The suggested system receives the patient's vital signs and uses them as input on a computer in the nursing room. This transmission is made possible via a transmitter-receiver system consisting of two Arduino kits connected to Bluetooth devices. If any anomalous numbers are discovered as the data is processed, the computer notifies the doctor via the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and the doctor's mobile device. The primary objective of this device is to enable remote monitoring of a patient's medical parameters and prompt alerting of doctors who are situated in remote places of any concerning circumstances. The doctor's mobile device receives the collected values from the workstation. The entire system's structure is implemented using the Visual Basic programming dialect.
HERBAL MOUTH RINSES AND MOUTHWASHES IN ORTHODONTIC CARE: A RAPID REVIEW
Authors: SOFYANTI ERVINA , ALYSSA NADYA , SATRIA DENNY , WULANDARI PITU , ALHASYIMI ANANTO ALI
Published: June 2024

In order to address the increasing demand for eco-friendly orthodontic care products, considering herbal-based-mouth rinses and mouthwashes are mandatory. The aim of this study is to analyze previous studies regarding herbal mouth rinses and mouthwashes that have been reported in daily orthodontic patients. The initial step was to develop a protocol with registration number PROSPERO (CRD4202230118). Databases PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, and Google Scholar were explored from 2010 to 2022. The studies included Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) that compared herbal mouth rinse and mouthwashes with chlorhexidine on their effectiveness to reduce dental plaque in orthodontic patients. Critical appraisal was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute’s Checklist for RCTs. Seven studies matched the inclusion criteria. Miswak, green tea, chamomile, and aloe vera were reported as herbal natural resources effective in reducing dental plaque. Despite being less effective than chlorhexidine, aloe vera still showed significant dental plaque reduction before and after application. Given the diverse clinical methodology and high risk of bias, further high-quality RCTs and quantitative synthesis are required to provide strong support for clinical decision-makers. These herbal-based mouth rinse and mouthwash ingredients showed potential for periodontal protection in orthodontic patients. The side effects of herbal-based mouth rinses and mouthwashes as orthodontic daily care were similar to chlorhexidine, albeit minimal.
DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF APPLYING 15% HYDROXYAPATITE PASTE FROM GOLDFISH SCALES (CYPRINUS CARPIO) WITH CASEIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE–AMORPHOUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE (CPP-ACP) AS A REMINERALIZING MATERIAL ON ENAMEL SURFACE HARDNESS
Authors: BATUBARA FITRI YUNITA , SITOMPUL WILLIAM SAHALA MARKUS
Published: June 2024

Objective: Caries is a multifactorial disease that affects most of the world's population and is a detrimental factor for oral health. Demineralization on teeth can reduce the hardness of the enamel surface, which causes enamel to be susceptible to caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving 15% hydroxyapatite paste from goldfish scales (Cyprinus carpio) with CPP-ACP as a remineralizing agent on the enamel surface hardness.
Methods: This laboratory experimental study using 24 samples of post-extraction maxillary first premolars. There were 4 groups of samples, group I samples that were not given the test material were only soaked in artificial saliva, group II samples were only demineralized with HCl solution for 120 seconds, both test groups were then demineralized with HCl solution for 120 seconds before being given the test material. Group III samples were applied with the test material CPP-ACP for 2 min; group IV samples were applied with 15% goldfish scale hydroxyapatite paste (Cyprinus carpio) for 2 min. Both test groups were given treatment for 14 consecutive days. All sample groups were tested for surface hardness using the Microvickers Hardness Tester.
Results: The results of the Mann-Whitney analysis test showed that there was a significant difference in the effect of pn<0.05 between each group studied. Based on the results of the study, there was an effect after administration of 15% hydroxyapatite paste of goldfish scales (Cyprinus carpio) with CPP-ACP as a remineralizing agent on enamel surface hardness.
Conclusion: Based on the results of research on the effect of administering 15% goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) scale hydroxyapatite paste with Casein Phosphopeptide–Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) on enamel surface hardness, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect after administering goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) scale hydroxyapatite paste 15 % and CPP-ACP on enamel surface hardness.
EFFECTIVENESS OF BATAK LEEKS EXTRACT AGAINST S. MUTANS AND E. FAECALIS AS ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM AGENT
Authors: OCTIARA ESSIE , ADINDA FATHIA RIZKY , SEMBIRING ILHAM RAMADHAN
Published: June 2024

Objective: S. mutans biofilms have become the main cause of dental caries. Meanwhile, E. faecalis biofilms cause endodontic infection. Batak leeks are native North Sumatra herb that contains antibacterial properties. This study aims to determine Batak leeks extract's antibacterial and antibiofilm effectiveness towards S. mutans and E. faecalis.
Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental research with a posttest-only control group design. The sample size was 27, consisting of 3 samples each with concentrations of 0.78%; 1.56%; 3.25%; 6.25%; 12.5%; 25% and 50% Batak leek extract and 3 negative control samples and 3 positive. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to determine MIC, the streaking method to determine MBC and the Static Microtiter Plate Assays method for antibiofilm determination. Data analysis used Oneway ANOVA and Kruskall Wallis tests followed by post-hoc LSD and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results: The results showed that Batak leeks extract contained MIC values at 0,78% concentration levels with an average inhibitory zone of 6,80±0,10 mm in S. mutans and E. faecalis. MBC values were undetected because there were no group capable of reducing bacteria at 98-98% and the highest antibiofilm reduction was found in 50% concentration extract with values of 85.58% for S. mutans and 90.29% for E. faecalis.
Conclusion: It concluded that 0.78% concentration of Batak leeks extract has an antibacterial effect, but at 50% concentration was the most influential in inhibiting S. mutans and E. faecalis, and antibiofilm ability starts at the concentration level of 1.56%.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CORK FISH EXTRACT GEL ON FIBROBLAST PROLIFERATION IN SOCKET WOUND AFTER TOOTH EXTRACTION
Authors: HANAFIAH OLIVIA AVRIYANTI , SATRIA DENNY , MADHY ZAFIRA ALFAN , WARDHANI NURINZIVA ZAHRA , H. G. AFIFAH AYUNI , FAJAR TASYFINA HANNAN , LUBIS M. YUDHA ABDILLAH , AKRAMSYAH MUHAMMAD RASYAD
Published: June 2024

Objective: Socket wound healing involves soft tissue cells that play an important role, namely fibroblasts. In the wound-healing process, proteins are needed that can accelerate wound healing, one of which is albumin. Cork fish contains the highest albumin than other fish. Albumin contains natural proteins and collagen that make up the extracellular matrix, which has the role of inducing growth factors, cell migration and adhesion, and tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% cork fish extract gel on fibroblast cell proliferation in socket wound healing after tooth extraction.
Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study with 30 Wistar rats that were grouped into 5 groups. The treatment group was given cork fish extract gel, namely 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%, and the negative control group was only given base gel was then the tissue was tested using Hematoxylin Eosin to observe fibroblasts on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day.
Results: Based on the results of the one-way ANOVA test, it showed that cork fish extract with a concentration of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% has an effect on fibroblast proliferation in socket wound healing after tooth extraction.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the one-way ANOVA test, it showed that 3% cork fish extract had an influence on fibroblast proliferation in healing socket wounds after tooth extraction.