bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of AST and ALT Ratio with Incidence of Diabetes in Chinese Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yao Qing , Zhang Wei , Wu Weixun , Wang Xinyue , Jia Sheng , Huang Jiale , Gao Jian
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Little research exits on the effect of the aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio on the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study used the large-scale cohort study data of the Chinese population to explore the effect of the AST/ALT ratio on the incidence of DM.

Patients and methods

The data was downloaded from a computerized database (DATADRYAD, available at www.datadryad.org) including 32 sites and 11 cities in China which were collected between 2010 and 2016 by the Rich Healthcare Group in China. This study was a retrospective cohort study that, included 86,145 participants for the secondary analysis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression and a two-piecewise linear regression model were used to explore the relationship between the AST/ ALT ratio and DM.

Results

The AST/ALT ratio was negatively correlated with the incidence of DM after adjusting for potential co-variables [HR = 0.44, (95%CI:0.38–0.51), P < 0.001]. By using the two-piecewise linear regression model, the inflection point was 1.3. On the left of the inflection point, the effect size was HR = 0.3 (0.2–0.3, P < 0.001). On the right side of the inflection point, the effect size was HR = 0.9 (0.7 to 1.2; P = 0.561).

Conclusion

The AST/ALT ratio could be an independent predictor of incident DM and was negatively correlated with DM events.
An unsupervised lightweight network for multispectral palmprint recognition
Authors: Imene Seghier , Chaa Mourad , Aiadi Oussama , Fouad Chebbara , Khaldi Belal
Published: March 2023

In this article, we propose an unsupervised convolutional deep learning network with a single layer for multispectral palmprint recognition. We refer to this method as GradNet because it depends on the magnitude and direction of the response from data-driven filters. GradNet generates a filter bank from training images using DCT. Then, there a twofold layer, which comprises two operations namely convolution using learned filters and computation of computation of gradient images (Magnitude and Direction). The binary hashing process can effectively and efficiently eliminate the over-fitting by combining different filter responses into a single feature map. The histograms of gradient magnitude, direction images has been constructed according to the feature map. The histograms of gradient magnitude, direction and single feature map are then normalized, using power-L2 rule, to cope with illumination disparity and combined. The holistic feature extraction method has been employed to attain salient characteristics. Finally, for the features matching the cosine Mahalanobis distance has been used for multispectral palmprint recognition. The proposed system has been evaluated on publicly available multispectral palmprint database of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Experimental analyses show that the proposed method demonstrate that our method is capable of competing with many existing state-of-the-art multispectral palmprint recognition techniques as well as outperforming many others.
Prediction of post-operative clinical parameters in posterior scoliosis surgery using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system
Authors: ABEDI Rasoul
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective: Postoperative clinical indices should be estimated accurately in scoliosis correction surgeries, which have been analyzed in various studies such as experimental (in vitro or in vivo) trials through different modeling methods (finite element or multibody analysis). These costly and time-consuming methods can only be conducted on a large number of scoliotic patients. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) is used in this study to estimate the postoperative cobb and thoracic kyphosis angles in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients undergoing posterior scoliosis correction surgeries.
Methods: Four groups of 55 patients with distinct preoperative clinical indices (thoracic cobb and pelvic incidence) were considered the ANFIS inputs, whereas postoperative thoracic cobb and kyphosis angles were used as the outputs. For robustness evaluation, the predicted values of postoperative angles were compared with measurements by calculating the root mean square errors and clinical correction deviation indices (the relative deviation of postoperative predicted angles from the real angles).
Results: The least root mean square errors (3.0º and 6.3° for the main thoracic cobb and thoracic kyphosis estimations, respectively) were recorded in the group with the main thoracic cobb, pelvic incidence, thoracic kyphosis, and T1 spinopelvic inclination used as inputs. The clinical correction deviation indices were calculated 0.0086 and 0.0641 for cobb angles in two cases and 0.0534 and 0.2879 for thoracic kyphosis in two other cases.
Conclusion: Greater differences between preoperative and postoperative cobb angles compared with those of thoracic kyphosis decreased the root-mean-square errors and clinical deviation indices but improved accuracy.
A study of Cadmium Yellow paints from Joan Miró’s paintings and studio materials preserved at the Fundació Miró Mallorca
Authors: Lobon Mar Gomez , Ghirardello Marta , Darder Enric Juncosa , Cabello Carlos Palomino , Bauza Marta , Cotte Marine , Burnstock Aviva , Nevin Austin , Amato Silvia Rita , Izzo Francesca Caterina , Comelli Daniela
Published: March 2023

The deterioration of cadmium yellow paints in artworks by Joan Miró (1893–1983) and from painting materials from his studios in Mallorca (Spain) was investigated for the first time. Artworks showed discolouration and chalking of paints containing cadmium yellow, altering the colour balance of the works. Analysis of samples from these artworks and from tube paints and palettes containing degraded and non-degraded cadmium yellow paints showed that degraded paints are composed of poorly crystalline CdS/Cd1 − xZnxS with a low percentage of Zn in an oil binding medium. Cadmium sulfates were identified as the main deterioration products and their distribution in the paint layers was mapped using SR µXANES and µXRD techniques. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements demonstrated that highly degraded samples display a peculiar pink/orange emission with microsecond lifetime. In agreement with recent studies on altered cadmium paints, these evidences suggest that the cause of the chemical change of the paint should be related with its manufacturing method, which affects the degree of crystallinity of the resulting pigment and includes the presence of zinc, besides the environmental conditions in which artworks have been exposed. Finally, it is worth noting that the degraded paints in the analysed Miró artworks have a chemical composition very similar to the one of the paint in the tube Cadmium Yellow Lemon No. 1 by Lucien Lefebvre-Foinet. Indeed, paint tubes of this brand were found in the studio, linking the use of this product with Miro’s degraded artworks.
An Effcient Primal-dual Interior Point Algorithm for Linear Optimization Problems Based an a New Parameterized Kernel Function With a Logarithmic Barrier Term
Authors: DJEFFAL El Amir , Boukhenchouche Fatima
Published: March 2023

In this paper, We present a primal-dual interior point method for linear optimization problems based on a new kernel function with on a new parameterized logarithmic barrier term. We prove that the proposed kernel function belongs to the eligible class. We derive the complexity bounds for large and small-update methods respectively.
“Structural and viscosity studies of dendritic hyper branched viscosity index improvers in one pot step”
Authors: El-shazly Reham I. , Kamal Rasha S. , Farag Reem K.
Published: March 2023

Star like structural compounds were synthesized from different moles % of either dodecyl acrylate or triethylenetetramine using a one-pot commercial synthesis technique. The polymers that were created had various terminations. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1HNMR were used to verify the produced polymers' chemical composition with different terminations. Furthermore, by analysis of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), the size and distribution of the synthesised branched polymers were evaluated. Using a Gel-permeation chromatograph, the modified hyperbranched polymer's molecular weight synthesized with various end points were assessed. The unorganized structured prepared compounds with various molar feed ratios dodecyl acrylate: triethylenetetramine (DDA: TETA) was designed as A, B, C, D and E. Moreover, the synthesized compounds expressed as viscosity index improver (VII); as the amount of combined additives in the mixture is concentrated in the solution, so does the VI. As the percentage of triethylenetetramine in prepared hyperbranched polymers increases, so does the VI. and the most effective VI is (E) VI = 212. All of the synthesized hyperbranched polymers have Newtonian rheological behavior as their rheological behavior.
Effect of Fluralaner on the biology, survival, and reproductive fitness of the Neotropical malaria vector Anopheles aquasalis
Authors: Alcântara João Arthur , de Araújo Francys Sayara Andrade , Paz Andréia da Costa , Alencar Rodrigo Maciel , Caldas Berta Yoná de Albuquerque , Godoy Raquel Soares Maia , Lacerda Marcus Vinicius Guimarães , de Melo Gisely Cardoso , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo , Sampaio Vanderson de Souza , Secundino Nágila Francinete Costa , Duarte Ana Paula Marques , Santana Rosa Amélia Gonçalves , Pimenta Paulo Filemon Paolucci
Published: March 2023

Reducing mosquito abundance or interfering with its ability to support the parasite cycle can help to interrupt malaria in areas of significant risk of malaria transmission. Fluralaner is a safe and effective drug for veterinary use indicated for the treatment against fleas and ticks which acts as an antagonist of chloride ion channels mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), preventing the entry of these ions into the postsynaptic neuron, leading to hyperexcitability of the postsynaptic neuron of the central nervous system of arthropods. Fluralaner demonstrated insecticidal activity against different species. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Fluralaner on the biology, survival, and reproductive fitness of Anopheles aquasalis. The following Lethal Concentrations (LC) were determined for An. aquasalis: LC5 = 0.511 µM; LC25= 1.625 µM; LC50= 3.237. A significant decrease (P<0.001) was evident in the number of eggs, larvae, and pupae in the group exposed to a sublethal dose of Fluralaner when compared to a control group (without the drug). Using blood from dogs after administration of Fluralaner, it was observed that the drug causes 100% mortality in An. aquasalis in less than 24 hours after feeding; this effect remains even after 90 days in all samples. In the drug-free group, Fluralaner showed the same result for up to 60 days, and after that, there was a slight reduction in its effect, evidenced by a decrease in the percentage of dead females. However, still significant when compared to the control group (P<0.001). Fluralaner affects the biology and reduction of survival in An. aquasalis in a lasting and prolonged period, and its fecundity with lower dosages, is a strong candidate for controlling disease vectors.
PROBLEMATICS AND POETICS OF GALYNA ORLIVNA’S NARRATIONS OF THE 1930s
Authors: Zhylenko Iryna , Vedmydera Karyna
Published: March 2023

The article focuses on the periodisation of creative works of the Ukrainian writer Halyna Orlivna, identifies peculiarities of the problematics, and studies artistic means in her narrations of the Kharkiv period.It is emphasized that after returning from emigration, GalynaOrlivna engages herself actively into current problems of those times, such as changed village life, topics regarding collectivisation, and construction of socialism. Her views onto these are reflected in her works in socialist realism.Particular attention is drawn to the fact that the main character of the writer's narrations (“Babskyi bunt” (Women's Uprising), “Ilishva”, etc.) is represented by a strong and willful female character, capable of high feelings and unexpected actions, both in her personal and social life.It is pointed out that one perceives modernist aesthetics in Galyna Orlivna’s works of the Kharkiv period, where the author reveals deep psychological features of her characters while involving a broad range of artistic means and techniques (symbolism of eyes, dreams, metaphorisation, and musicalisation).
Challenges of using innovative methods for determining the estimated cost of construction works
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Dediukhina Ekaterina S.
Published: March 2023

In order to improve the accuracy of estimated construction costs, a reform of the pricing policy in con-struction is being implemented by the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation aimed at introducing the input method of estimated cost calculation. Therefore, the current state of pricing in the construction industry of the Irkutsk region was analysed in this work. It is the ac-curate determination of construction and overhaul costs at each stage of the project that is essential for all parties involved in investment activities, since inaccurate calculations have a negative impact on the financial planning by investors and can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the activities and, consequently, a decrease in the quality of work by contractors. Here, problems, along with their possi-ble consequences, are identified and described. In addition, the estimated cost of maintenance and demolition activities calculated by different methods was compared; the opportunity cost of transport-ing materials for the construction of an art school in the Irkutsk region was calculated. Using the ob-tained results, the disadvantages of determining the estimated cost of construction were highlighted. Suggestions for improving the innovative methods of calculating the estimated cost were offered.
Specifics of private investment in residential real estate in Russia
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Paveleva Ella Yu. , Puzynya Natalia Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: March 2023

The paper aims to identify problems associated with the assessment of residential real estate for pri-vate investors, as well as to define and characterize a private investor. A decision-making algorithm for private investors in residential real estate is presented, which allows individual characteristics of the investor to be taken into account. With the help of this algorithm, private investors can independently assess residential real estate for personal purposes. The proposed algorithm provides the basis for building a financial model of private investment in residential real estate. The study tested this algo-rithm, presenting a specific example of residential real estate assessment for investment purposes. The calculation results show the effectiveness of the proposed procedure in understanding investors’ interests in the residential real estate market. Moreover, the presented procedure can be easily digit-ized, thus allowing an unqualified private investor to use it as a practical guide in the assessment of residential real estate investment properties. In digital form, the proposed algorithm can be used as a smartphone application.
Impact of "Smart City" concept on the investment potential of a city
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Petrov Pavel A. , Khokhlova Natalia S. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University,   Baikal State University
Published: March 2023

This article addresses the influence of the Smart City concept on the investment potential of urban areas due to the existing demand of society and the state to attract additional investment flows for ur-ban development. In this regard, the state pays special attention to improving the living standards of urban residents, since it leads to a positive change in the investment potential of urban areas. This pa-per identifies the mechanisms of influence exerted by the Smart City concept on the living standards of citizens, as well as the relationship between the investment potential of the area and quality of life indicators. On the basis of a systematic approach, the mechanisms of decision-making at the communi-ty level were formulated, with the necessity of developing a strategy for applying the tools of the Smart City concept being proven. It was concluded that it is necessary to review the management of urban settlements, given the current level of socio-economic development. The technological principles and mechanisms for the implementation of this concept were formulated. As a result, efficient city man-agement using modern information technology and technical solutions, provided the efficient goal set-ting and determination of performance indicators, will improve the level of investment potential of cities under the admissible competition between them within the country.
Economic, environmental and technical design characteristics of highways under permafrost (insular) conditions
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Zakharov Sergey V. , Lushpey Valery P. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Ibragimova Alina V. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Weina Yan Weina ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Nan Zang ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: March 2023

This paper addresses the characteristics of road design under permafrost conditions. Economic and mathematical calculations were used along with practical experience of “Svaybur” and “Gidrostroiengineering” companies, involved in road construction and maintenance for a long period. The prices for construction materials for economic and mathematical calculations were determined using the Integrated Construction Price Standards for Capital Construction Projects for Non-Production Uses. ICP 81-02-08-2017. Collection No. 08: Roads. The environmental requirements were based on the recommended practices developed by the Federal Agency “Rosavtodor”. The cost of maintaining and reconstructing a damaged section of road can exceed by several times the estimated construction cost of the whole section, as well as hinder the logistics and transport accessibility of the agricultural land. In some cases, the environment of the surrounding land may be adversely affected, since harmful contaminants that under normal conditions are bound by the top and bottom structures of the road are released into the soil due to its erosion. The paper examines the economic and environmental problems of designing roads connecting important logistics centres under insular permafrost and permafrost conditions. Here, the calculation of construction costs for road reinforced using screw piles if necessary to prevent the erosion of some road sections during spring floods or heavy precipitation is presented, along with a comparative analysis of construction costs for roads under insular permafrost and permafrost conditions.
Women in Higher Education Since 1970: The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same
Authors: Gerdes Eugenia Proctor
Published: March 2023

Senior women looking back over their careers noted the increased presence of women, changes in policiesor behavior, and/or improvements in beliefs or attitudes. However, almost half also noted family problemsthat remain for women, and about two-thirds described biases against women that remain a part of highereducation today.
Black Women Employed in the Ivory Tower: Connecting for Success
Authors: Henry Dr. Wilma J. , Glenn Nicole M.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to continue the dialogue regarding the impact of lack of critical mass and systemic racism on the success of Black women employed in higher education. While the literature suggests that it is essential for Black women to connect with one another in order to overcome the obstacles they face within the academy, the effects of systemic racism and their underrepresentation in the profession makes this recommendation extremely difficult to implement in some settings, and nearly impossible in others. Black feminist thought and critical race theory provide a theoretical framework for discussing innovative connective opportunities that promote the success of Black women working in higher education. Individual as well as institutional strategies are presented as a means to address the obstacles encountered by Black female faculty and staff in predominantly White institutions (PWIs). Implications for practice are discussed and recommendations for research are offered.
Gender and the Career Aspirations, Professional Assets, and Personal Variables of Higher Education Administrators
Authors: Lepkowski Christine C.
Published: March 2023

A recent national survey found women hold only 23% of higher education institution presidencies (American Council on Education, 2007). However, women now earn 58% of all bachelor's degrees and 45% of all doctorates (U.S. Department of Education, 2005). These findings suggest something may be interfering with the pool of capable women moving through the pipeline to attain higher education administrative positions. Gender differences in career aspirations, professional assets, and various personal variables have been suggested as potential contributors to this disparity. The purpose of the research was to survey women and men holding administrative positions of dean or higher (excluding presidents) within the institutions in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) system to examine these potential contributors. Based on the findings, with the exception of geographic mobility, factors other than career aspirations, professional assets, and personal variables may be the cause of barriers to female advancement to high level administrative positions.
"˜So Pleasant to be a School Maam': The Civil War as an Educational Force for Women
Authors: Bailey Dr. Lucy E.
Published: March 2023

Scrutinizing the documentary traces of women's lives reveals the significant variability in what constitutes women's leadership and advancement historically. During war time, even the act of writing a letter offered women opportunities to advance their learning. This paper draws from a collection of over 150 letters Northern women wrote during the American Civil War to consider aspects of women's educational experiences during this devastating national conflict that spanned four bloody years and involved millions of Americans (Bailey, 2008; Rhoades & Bailey, 2009). Women's historians have explored how the war shaped women's social roles, gendered consciousness, and political organizing, yet its educational implications remain an under-theorized aspect of the war's complicated legacy worth exploring further. The letters under study highlight four aspects of women's education during the American Civil War: (a) women's varied attitudes toward new opportunities to teach and attend school, (b) wartime correspondence as an educational tool, (c) home front demands as obstacles to women's pursuit of formal education; and, conversely, (d) war events as educational forces in women's lives. Each has implications for reconsidering women's leadership and advancement historically.
Gender Differences in Placement, Support, and Participation in Early School Programs for Urban Hispanic Students in Advanced Placement
Authors: Hinojosa Dr. Raul , Robles-Piña Dr. Rebecca A. , Edmonson Dr. Stacey
Published: March 2023

This study investigated differences between males and females of 352 urban, predominately U.S.-born Hispanic students enrolled in advanced placement (AP) courses. The gender composition was 131 (37.2%) male and 221 (68.2%) female and the majority of students was enrolled in 11th and 12th grades. Our findings indicated that (a) more females than males were enrolled in AP courses, (b) females perceived school support as more important than males, and (c) participation in elementary and middle school programs, such as gifted and talented programs and magnet schools were important for participation in high school AP courses. Implications for school policy are noted.
Authentic Leadership: As Exemplified by Kamla Persad Bissessar- Implications for Current and Potential Leaders
Authors: Bissessar Dr. Charmaine
Published: March 2023

The focus of this paper will be on the six seeds of authentic leadership as espoused by Cashman (2003) and the relationship to Kamla Persad Bissessar's leadership. Her strengths and weaknesses will be examined with a view to determining whether she displays qualities of an authentic leader. Speeches, e-mails, her facebook pages and the party's manifesto for 2010 will be used as touchstones to evaluate her level of authenticity as a leader. The six seeds are: (a) the need for leaders to manifest what is in their hearts, (b) ability to embrace both the good and the bad and learn from them, (c) the leader serves the parts and the whole through value creation, (d) the leader masters the ego and moves beyond the ego, (e) the leader displays social intelligence through his or her ability to connect with others, and (f) the leader is able to find the potential in others. A discussion ensues based on the example of authentic leadership and how potential and current leaders could capitalize on becoming more people-centered leaders.
Female Faculty Members at Texas Community Colleges: Any Changes Since 2000?
Authors: Slate Dr. John , Harris Dr. Anthony
Published: March 2023

In this study, the authors examined the extent to which the number and percentage of female faculty members employed full-time and part-time at Texas community colleges had changed from 2000 to 2006. Both the absolute number and percentage of female faculty members employed full-time and employed part-time had significantly increased over this 7 year time period. Females comprise more than half of the community college faculty members in the State of Texas. Implications of these findings for faculty diversity are discussed.
Hillary Clinton's Race: Did She Match the Presidential Prototype?
Authors: Gaffney Dr. Amber M. , Blaylock Dr. Danielle L.
Published: March 2023

The present research addresses how voters' perceptions of Hillary Clinton's warmth and competence influenced decisions to vote for her in the 2008 Democratic primary. We apply research on gender stereotypes and perceptions of women leaders to demonstrate that voters perceived Clinton as highly competent but relatively less warm. Further, this research examines how perceptions of Clinton's warmth and competence contributed to decisions to vote for her. Results suggest that perceptions of Clinton's warmth and competence differentially predicted voting behavior for voters strongly and less strongly identified with their political party. This research provides a descriptive analysis of how voters' beliefs about leaders can be colored by gender, and how such beliefs contribute to electing women candidates.
Gender Pay Inequality: An Examination of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act Six Years Later
Authors: Wade Michelle , Fiorentino Susan
Published: March 2023

The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act was the first piece of legislation signed into law by President Barack Obama in January of 2009.  This legislation enables an employee to sue more easily for wage discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.  In this article, we examine the impact that the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act has had on gender pay equity discrimination complaints and on how the lower courts have interpreted it since it was signed into law in January of 2009.  First, we will provide a brief background about the passage of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act and a description of the legislation itself.  Then we will examine any changes in discrimination complaints since its passage, and we will analyze how lower courts have interpreted the legislation. We conclude by arguing that passage of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act has offered little redress for gender wage discrimination since its passage six years ago. Keywords:  gender discrimination, equal pay complaints, Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
Women in Computer Science and Engineering: A Transformational Leadership Approach to Gender Equity
Authors: Ryan Lindy , D­az Eduardo R , Grow Arron P.
Published: March 2023

The underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is a phenomenon that needs to be addressed from an educational perspective. Within the domains of computer science and engineering (CS&E) the gender imbalance is even more acute as the underrepresentation of women not only persists but has increased over the past few decades (Corbett & Hill, 2015; Master et al., 2016). In this paper a discussion of the current situation of women’s underrepresentation across broad CS&E domains is presented. This will be demonstrated through a review of research into the historical factors and institutional practices that have been ongoing barriers to the inclusion of women in CS&E. Then, a discussion of how transformational leadership theory can serve as a tool for change to help scholars better understand the present situation, and then guide practitioners in overcoming it, is presented. To this end, the paper concludes with a discussion of how diversity and inclusion ideas, based on a transformational leadership approach, can improve gender equity in CS&E.
Keywords: underrepresented, women, gender, transformational, leadership
What's Power Got to Do with It? Seeking Gender-Equity in Organizations through Male Ally Initiatives
Authors: Shapiro Mary , Rivera-Beckstrom Maria , Ingols Cynthia , Blake-Beard Stacy , Gao Lan , O'Neill Regina , VanDam Elisa
Published: March 2023

With the persistence of women's limited advancement into senior leadership, organizations have employed an arsenal of diversity, equity, and inclusion strategies such as implicit bias training, intentional mentoring, and efforts to authentically support work-life policies.  Male allyship has emerged as a recent strategy aimed at gender equity.  The asymmetric power between advantaged and disadvantages groups is central to the concept of allyship in studies across disciplines, such as sociology, social justice and economics. Management scholars have identified power, specifically the requisite sharing of or fear of diminishment of, as a barrier to men participating in gender equity initiatives to advance women.  To examine how organizations might address the power inherent in the male ally role, we employ the Bolman and Deal Four Frames Organizational Model.  We propose that while male ally programs reside in the Human Resources Frame, the success of that strategy depends on managing the Political Frame.  In promoting gender equity, organizations are seeking to distribute power more broadly to enable both men and women to fully contribute. By considering organizational politics, the competition for scarce resources, power and influence, we argue that practitioners will benefit from a realistic assessment of the role that power plays in both hindering and advancing male ally endeavors.   We draw on the literature, survey data, and ongoing work with men and women engaged in male ally initiatives, and use the Bolman and Deal model to make recommendations for practitioners, male allies, and women in using power while building gender-equitable organizations.
Career Trajectories of Women Faculty Who Became Academic Administrators
Authors: Vancour Michele L.
Published: March 2023

Women faculty often view academic leadership as incompatible with their work-life balance, detracting from research and teaching commitments, resulting in a loss of autonomy and an abandonment of discipline, promoting change in their relationships with colleagues, and placing an increased emphasis on budgeting, regulations and compliance (DeZure et al., 2014).  Many researchers suggest that institutional culture works against leadership development for faculty, making the transition from faculty to administrator unlikely (Barden & Curry, 2013). It is increasingly important to identify the key factors that make the difference for women faculty to assume these roles.  As such, in this study qualitative methods were employed to examine the experiences and career trajectories of 16 academic women who held tenured, fully promoted faculty positions prior to becoming administrators.  The researcher found evidence to support future recruitment and retention in higher education leadership.
When One Lacks Will, They Denounce . . .
Authors: Capraro Robert M. , Chang Jonas
Published: March 2023

Robert M. Capraro, the editor-in-cheif of the Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, and Jonas Chang, copyeditor for JUME, introduce this special issue of the journal. Through discussion of the events that prompted the Black Lives Matter protests of Summer 2020 and the responses of several national organizations and corporations, they argues that the journal and its members must do more than simply denounce systemic racism and violence; math educators must additionally use their privelage and influence to support the message of the protests and consider in what ways they can more effectively support the mathematics achievement, considered a powerful equalizer of society, of Black and Brown children.
Developing Awareness Around Language Practices in the Elementary Bilingual Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Krause Gladys , Adams-Corral Melissa , Maldonado Rodríguez Luz A.
Published: March 2023

This study contributes to efforts to characterize teaching that is responsive to children’s mathematical ideas and linguistic repertoire. Building on translanguaging, defined in this article as a pedagogical practice that facilitates students’ expression of their understanding using their own language practices, and on the literature surrounding children’s mathematical thinking, we present an example of a one-onone interview and of the circulating portion of a mathematics class from a secondgrade classroom. We use these examples to foreground instructional practices, forresearchers and practitioners, that highlight a shift from a simplified view of conveying mathematics as instruction in symbology and formal manipulation to a more academically ample discussion of perspectives that investigate critically both mathematical concepts and their modes of transmission, which involve language practices, that are crucial for educating bilingual children.
Compounding Inequalities: English Proficiency and Tracking and Their Relation to Mathematics Performance Among Latina/o Secondary School Youth
Authors: Mosqueda Eduardo
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author examines whether disparities in mathematics performance might be exacerbated by the track placement of native and non-native Latina/o English speakers in the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002. The effect of track placement on the mathematics performance of English Learners (EL) differed as a function of their level of English proficiency. The scores of Latinas/os with low levels of English proficiency in the general track were similar to the scores of students in the college track with comparable levels of English proficiency. The scores of non-native English speakers in the college track with high levels of English proficiency, however, were higher than those of their peers in the general track and nearly as high as those of native English speakers in the college track. Implications for the potential development of the mathematics language register of ELs are discussed.
Mathematical Counterstory and African American Male Students: Urban Mathematics Education From a Critical Race Theory Perspective
Authors: Terry, Sr. Clarence L.
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author argues that the persistent underachievement of many African American male students in urban school districts requires pedagogical interventions designed to re-engage and re-orient students to mathematics as a critical cultural activity. While counterstory, a critical race theory construct, has wide application across educational research, few researchers have explored its relevance for urban mathematics education. Here, the author provides a grounded operationalization of counterstory by examining the pedagogy embedded in African American narrative on literacy. Using data from a participatory action research project involving male African Americans in South Los Angeles, the author then demonstrates how counterstory is embedded in the mathematical activity associated with graphical representation and trend analysis of data. Through the theorized approach to counterstory presented, the author provides useful direction for education researchers interested in counterstory, and for mathematics educators attempting to broaden their pedagogical approaches to teaching and learning mathematics.
Success Made Probable: Creating Equitable Mathematical Experiences Through Project-Based Learning
Authors: Cross Dionne I. , Hudson Rick A. , Adefope Olufunke , Lee Mi Yeon , Rapacki Lauren , Perez Arnulfo
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors describe a 16-hour project-based learning statistics unit designed for and implemented with elementary-aged, African American children. The unit was designed to provide the children with mathematical learning experiences that allowed them to make personal sense of mathematics or to use mathematics to critique and analyze issues within their communities or in the wider society. The authors worked with thirteen, elementary-aged, African American girls to address an authentic, school-based problem; four dimensions of equity—power, access, identity, and achievement—was used as a lens to examine the quality of the project and the impact of the mathematical experiences on the students.
Success after Failure: Academic Effects and Psychological Implications of Early Universal Algebra Policies
Authors: Howard Keith E. , Romero Martin , Scott Allison , Saddler Derrick
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors use the High School Longitudinal Study 2009 (HSLS:09) national database to analyze the relationships between algebra failure, subsequent performance, motivation, and college readiness. Students who failed eighth-grade Algebra I did not differ significantly in mathematics proficiency from those who passed lower-level courses, but initially demonstrated significantly lower mathematics interest, mathematics utility, and mathematics identity. Both groups were less likely than the general population to meet college requirements in the eleventh grade, although students who passed a lower-level mathematics course fared better than those who failed Algebra I. Implications for policies addressing mathematics course enrollments are discussed.
"I Just Wouldn't Want to Get as Deep Into It": Preservice Teachers' Beliefs about the Role of Controversial Topics in Mathematics Education
Authors: Simic-Muller Ksenija , Fernandes Anthony , Felton-Koestler Mathew D.
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors report on the initial results of a mixed methods approach to study the beliefs that preservice teachers have about teaching real-world contexts, including those related to injustices, controversial issues, and children's home and cultural backgrounds. Data collection included a survey with 92 preservice Pre-K--8 teachers, and follow-up interviews with nine survey participants. Analysis of the data suggests that preservice teachers were open to the idea of teaching mathematics through real-world contexts, but were ambivalent regarding the use of controversial issues, and often unable to provide concrete or non-trivial examples of what these different types of real-world contexts would look like in a mathematics classroom. Based on the survey and interview findings, the authors make recommendations for future research, and for the use of controversial issues in teacher education programs.
Using a Conference Workshop Setting to Engage Mathematics Teachers in Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
Authors: Timmons-Brown Stephanie , Warner Catharine
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors explore using a conference workshop setting to engage mathematics teachers, who serve largely underserved student populations, in culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP). The conference workshop encouraged the exchange of information among teachers of similar grade levels and classroom contexts. The authors' analysis of the findings highlight improvements in teachers' perceptions of their CRP knowledge as well as beneficial features of the conference workshop. These features include the creation of networks among mathematics teachers and team leaders, new post-conference mathematics lessons to implement in the classroom, and encouragement for the expansion of relationships and engagement in the classroom. While some teachers found their new knowledge of CRP served to validate current practices, others found that the conference workshop provided a language with which to integrate successful practices into the mathematics classroom.
Young, Black, and Anxious: Describing the Black Student Mathematics Anxiety Research Using Confidence Intervals
Authors: Young Jamaal Rashad , Young Jemimah Lea
Published: March 2023

In this article, the authors provide a single group summary using the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS) to characterize and delineate the measurement of mathematics anxiety (MA) reported among Black students. Two research questions are explored: (a) What are the characteristics of studies administering the MARS and its derivatives to representative populations of Black students? (b) What is the 95% CI for the reported MA of Black students in the MARS literature? A literature search yielded 21 studies after inclusion criteria were applied. Analyses suggest that Black participants and their scores are not well represented in the current MA research using the most popular instrument the MARS. Based on available mean point estimate data, the reported MA of Black students can best be described as consistent across measurements, and population parameter estimates are between 200 and 220 on the MARS scale. Moreover, although substantial research in the area of MA exists, much work is needed to fully comprehend the nuances of Black MA and its influence on achievement in mathematics.
Striving Toward Transformational Resistance: Youth Participatory Action Research in the Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Raygoza Mary Candace
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author contributes to the growing body of scholarship on critical mathematics pedagogy. In particular, the author advances this scholarship by outlining how critical pedagogy in the mathematics classroom can support students to engage in transformational resistance. Using a critical practitioner research approach, the author retells (some of) her experiences as a high school mathematics teacher of ninth-grade Latin@ students in an Algebra I classroom. Beginning the course with activities to build a beloved community and connecting mathematics with social justice issues, the author strived to facilitate a learning space that supported transformational resistance. Through a culminating youth participatory action research project, students developed a critique of societal oppression, a motivation for social justice, and critical mathematical literacy.
Correction factor to the formula of sample reduction error
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Kozin Vladimir , Komlev Aleksei ,   Ural State Mining University, Stupakova Ekaterina ,   Rusolovo PJSC, Stupakova Ekaterina ,   Rusolovo PJSC
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Theoretical results have been obtained that allow calculating random sampling errors. One of the main calculation formulas for determining the sampling error is the sample reduction error formula. The sampling errors determined by this formula differ from the errors determined experimentally. The sample reduction error consists of several components, a separate quantitative determination of which is necessary when developing methodological support for testing processes. It is impossible to determine all these components separately from each other experimentally. It is necessary to determine the ratio of the components of the specified formula. Methods of research. The sample reduction error, determined analytically, is the minimum possible reduction error when this operation is ideally performed. To take into account the deviation from the ideal conditions for performing the reduction operation, it is necessary to experimentally estimate the amount of the actual deviation and link it with the theoretical result. As a result, the value of the correction factor can be obtained, which should be entered into the formula for calculating the reduction error. In order to eliminate the need for experimental determination of the error of the method of measuring the mass fraction, experiments to determine the correction factor should be performed on artificial samples with markers. Research procedure. Experiments were performed to reduce samples with markers. 480 reductions of the same sample were performed, which showed the coincidence of the theoretical and experimental distributions of the number of markers in the reduced samples. The correction factor in the experiment with markers of the correct shape was 1.3. The same coefficient in the experiment with markers whose granulometric composition match with that of the sample material was 2.0. The average value of the correction factor in reproducibility conditions was 2.13. Results and analysis. As a result of two experiments on multiple reduction of the sample, it was found that the correction factor under reproducibility conditions should be within 1.3 and 2.0. Similar information about the differences in reproducibility and repeatability errors in international and Russian standards shows that in order to move from a theoretical formula to a real reproducibility error, a correction factor from 2.0 to 3.0 should be introduced. Conclusions. The introduction of correction coefficients into the reduction error formula makes it possible to calculate the real errors of sample reduction, as well as quantify the results of mineral products testing based on the calculation.