bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species composition of lentil disease causes in the forest-steppe zone
Authors: Raichuk T.M.
Published: November 2023

Aim. The research aimed to assess fungal infection of lentil seeds and to identify the most common diseases of this crop, which was grown by organic agricultural enterprises in the forest-steppe zone of the Poltava region. Identification of the species composition of disease-causing agents will enable the development of protective measures against certain diseases in the conditions of organic agriculture. Methods. In recent years, the area under lentil cultivation in our country reaches 20,000 hectares [1]. According to forecasts of «UkrAgroConsult», in the 2022–2023 season, there will be a significant reduction in the production of lentils and chickpeas, because the main areas of cultivation of these crops are in the south of Ukraine [2]. Results. Lentil diseases can cause a significant reduction in yield and quality. Most major economically important diseases are found in all lentil-growing regions. The species composition of the mycobiota and the infectious load are essential factors that determine the quality of grain and the susceptibility of plants to diseases in the field. Field, phytopathological, and mycological methods were used in the research process. Over the years of research, it was found that plants are most affected by diseases in the flowering phase, especially after heavy rains. Conclusions. Mycological analysis of contamination of lentil seeds revealed the presence of different types of fungi in the mycobiota: Penicillium, Mucor, Trichothecium, Fusarium, Alterneria. Representatives of penicillous, mucoral fungi, and Trichothecium roseum were the most common among those detected. As a result of the studies conducted in 2017-2018 on the identification of the species composition of fungi on the Linza lentil variety, 8 isolates of fungi were isolated and identified from 556 pure culture samples: Fusarium oxysporum f. ciceri Schlecht, F. culmorum Sacc., F. avenaceum Sacc., Alterneria alternata (Fr.) Keissl, Pythium ultimum, Stemphylium botryosum, Rhizoctonia solani, Ascochyta lentis. The dominant species parasitizing lentils on all parts of the plant was Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lentis.
Development of diseases and pests in winter wheat crops depending on agrotechnical measures
Authors: Havryliuk N. M. , Kuzmenko L. А. , Kyrychenko A.V.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To identify the most effective agrotechnical measures to control the number of pests in winter wheat crops. Methods. Field, laboratory, and analytical research methods. We conducted field research as monitoring surveys. Results. The article presents the results of long-term studies of the phytosanitary state of winter wheat crops under various agrotechnical and immunological activities. Conclusions. According to the results of the Department of Plant protection from pests and diseases of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of NAAS», the timely and high-quality application of agrotechnical measures within 4-5 years allows to reduce the species diversity and the number of populations of pests and pathogens to the threshold level. According to the results of long-term studies, a satisfactory phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops is provided by late sowing dates (I-II decades of October); the introduction of perennial grasses into the crop rotation as a precursor of winter wheat significantly reduces damage to plants by pests and diseases; introduction of sugar beets in four-field and three-field crop rotation instead of corn, oat, and barley; extension of crop rotation due to the introduction of an additional field of sunflower in the four-field crop rotation; with saturation of crop rotation with cereals up to 40%; under alternative fertilization systems and at moderate doses of mineral fertilizers, in particular nitrogen N30; the development and prevalence of root rot, and damage to stems by cereal flies decreased on the unfertilized background under no-till farming. We identified varieties with group resistance to diseases and pests Polisyanka (to powdery mildew, leaf septoria, root rot, cereal aphid, and wheat thrips) and Pamiati Hirka (to powdery mildew, spikelet septoria, olive mold, and bread sawfly).
Impact of technological practices on the photosynthetic productivity of spring barley in Northern Forest-Steppe conditions
Authors: Porod’ko M. A.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To determine the features of the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus in spring barley plants depending on the influence of individual elements of cultivation technology and to identify the most effective combinations for maximizing the genetic potential of the crop under the conditions of the northern part of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. During the research, a field study method, visual observation, weighing, the «cutting» method, calculations, and statistical analysis were applied. Results. The research conducted during 2018–2020 has shown that the fertilization system, the use of growth stimulants, and the preceding crop significantly influence the photosynthetic activity of spring barley plants at different stages of organogenesis. The leaf surface index values increased and reached their maximum at the VII and IX stages of organogenesis, after which they gradually decreased. The maximum leaf surface area of 5.03 to 5.24 m2/m2 was achieved in crops with the application of N60P80K80+N60(IV) in the presence of the preceding crop’s by-product. The photosynthetic potential of crops during the period from the II to XI stages of organogenesis was at the level of 1.02–2.42 million m2/ha·day when grown after soybeans and 0.92–2.39 million m2/ha·day when grown after corn for grain. The period from the IV to VIІІ stages of plant organogenesis was characterized by the most active accumulation of dry matter and the most significant influence of all studied agronomic practices on the formation of this indicator. Conclusions. Optimal indicators of photosynthetic activity of spring barley crops (leaf area index of 4.65 m²/m² at the VIII stage of organogenesis, net photosynthesis productivity of 6.71 g/m² per day, dry matter accumulation of 9.51 t/ha at the XI stage of organogenesis) are ensured by the cultivation technology that involves the application of mineral fertilizers at a rate of N45P90K90+N45(IV) against the background of the predecessor’s (corn for grain) byproduct and the use of growth stimulants for pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar application at the IV stage of organogenesis. Such parameters of plant photosynthetic apparatus operation contribute to obtaining a barley grain yield at the level of 4.88–5.27 t/ha.
TOWARD CRAFTING AN INTERVENTION PROGRAM (IP) FOR THE NEW NORMAL STAKEHOLDERS’ STANDARDS
Authors: M. Aquino Dr. Avelina , G. Laganao Dr. Emelita
Published: November 2023

The Philippine government ordered the cessation of classes to contain the circulation of coronavirus; therefore, people had to stay at home. Here, the researchers used quantitative data analysis (QDA) with a questionnaire as the main instrument for data gathering. Findings included: the practice teachers see the extent of their essential skills with media teaching platforms as Great Performance. Their adjustment is Fair Performance. The stakeholders perceived practice teachers with Fair Performance and Minimal Performance. There is a variance between practice teachers’ and stakeholders’ perceptions in all variables such as in media teaching-learning platforms and adjustment. Therefore, an Intervention Program (IP) was crafted to help practice teachers adapt to the stakeholders’ standards. The researchers concluded that 1) practice teachers’ essential skills in the media teaching platforms are great but fair in the adjustment; 2) stakeholders’ perception of the practice teachers’ essential skills is fair and fair or minimal performance in the adjustment; and 3) the researchers did not accept the null hypothesis because there is a variance between practice teachers’ and stakeholders’ perception in all variables. Hence, the researchers recommend that 1) training and seminars on media teaching platforms be intensified; 2) adjustment or transition into teaching be enhanced; (3) an IP be implemented and evaluated regularly; and 4) interested researchers may be encouraged to replicate the study by using other means to evaluate the practice teachers’ skills on the media teaching platforms. Keywords: Interventi
CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE STATE BUILDING IN SOMALIA CASE STUDY MOGADISHU SOMALIA
Authors: Abdullahi Yusuf Sharmarke
Published: November 2023

Civil Society and the State Building in Somalia" is an article that explores the relationship between civil society and state building in Somalia. The paper argues that the role of civil society is critical in the process of state-building, especially in contexts where the state has failed or collapsed, as is the case in Somalia. Drawing on empirical data, the authors analyze the role of civil society in the reconstruction and reconstitution of the Somali state since the collapse of the Siad Barre regime in 1991. They identify three primary functions of civil society in statebuilding: service delivery, community mobilization, and advocacy. The article also highlights the challenges and constraints facing civil society in Somalia, such as insecurity, lack of resources, and political fragmentation. Despite these challenges, the authors argue that civil society has played a crucial role in rebuilding the Somali state and that its continued engagement is necessary for sustainable state-building in Somalia. The article concludes by calling for more incredible support and recognition of the role of civil society in state-building efforts in Somalia and beyond.
THE MEANING OF NEUTRALITY OF THE CIVIL APPARATUS IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS IN THE DAYAK TRIBE IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
Authors: Arianto Alang , Ishomuddin  , Salviana DS Vina , Sulistyaningsih Tri
Published: November 2023

One of the government's efforts to maintain the neutrality of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) towards political elements is by introducing effective management through a performance system. ASNs are expected to be honest, professional, impartial and free from political interference, free from collusion, corruption and nepotism (KKN) and able to provide public services. ASNs with work contracts are part of the solution, not part of the problem. Several laws and regulations The government was drafted and underwent several changes to facilitate the running of the Pilkada, and finally Law Number 23 of 2014 there were many changes in the governance structure in Indonesia, among others: Law Number 8 of 2015 concerning the Election of Governors, Regents and Mayors and Law Number 9 of 2015 concerning Regional Government which strengthens that Pilkada is carried out directly. This research aims to (1.) Understand the meaning of the neutrality of the State Civil Apparatus in the Election of Regional Heads based on the values of Belom Bahadat of the Central Kalimantan Dayak tribe, and (2) Describe the shift in the meaning of neutrality so that it influences the actions of the State Civil Apparatus in the Election of Regional Heads based on the philosophy of the values of the Belom Bahadat tribe of the Dayak tribe of Central Kalimantan.
CONSTRUCTION OF DISCUSSION FOR POSTPONEMENT OF 2024 ELECTIONS IN TVONE'S “DUA SISI” PROGRAM (ENTMAN FRAMING ANALYSIS)
Authors: Suma Mansyur
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this research was to analyze the news framing scheme for the issue of postponing the 2024 Election, and to reveal news framing scheme for the issue of postponing the 2024 Election on TVOne's "Dua Sisi" program, the More Gaduh episode of President's Term Extension. This study used a qualitative approach with the method of media framing analysis, namely the Robert N Etman framing analysis model. The data collection technique was carried out by analyzing documents related to the discourse on the postponement of the 2024 Election and dividing it into four elements, namely defining problem, (diagnosing causes) estimating the source of the problem, (make moral judgment) moral decision, and (treatment recommendation) emphasizing resolution. The results of this research indicated that TVOne's “Dua Sisi” program tends to defend the president. Defining the problem regarding the postponement of the 2024 election is against the constitution, the estimated source of the problem of postponing the election heated up after being raised by three political parties supporting Jokowi, moral decisions should be subject to and obey the constitution, emphasizing the solution, namely that everyone has the right to voice their opinion as a democratic country. The construction of news about the postponement of the 2024 election can be seen from the topics of discussion, the arrangement of questions or narratives, the selection of sources and the display of visual images showing a tendency to construct news.
THE PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS TOWARDS THE USE OF CODE SWITCHING IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM IN MBOONI WEST SUB COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Robina Kereu Kwamboka , E. Simiyu Dr. Evelyn , Mmbwanga Dr. Florence
Published: November 2023

The study looks into the perception of students and teachers towards the use of code switching in English classroom in Mbooni West Sub County. The study applied Communication Accommodation Theory developed by Giles and Coupland (1991). The study adopted a descriptive Survey Research design. The area of study was 15 selected schools in Mbooni west Sub County. The methods of collecting data were: an observation schedule, teachers and students’ questionnaires. The target population for this study was the teachers and students in 41 public schools in Mbooni West Sub County. The sample size of the study was 300 students and 60 teachers of English from 15 schools that were sampled through purposive and simple random sampling methods. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied in the analysis of the data. The findings of the study also show that while students had positive perceptions towards Code Switching, teachers had both positive and negative perceptions. They also show that Code Switching has both positive and negative impact on the performance of English. Therefore, the study recommends that, teachers need to use Code Switching wisely, and also maximize the exposure to English language in the classrooms. The Stakeholders in education should be made aware on the presence of Code Switching to determine whether it should be incorporated into the curriculum designed. It is hoped that the findings of this study inform teachers and students on how to navigate through Code Switching as a communicative strategy and as an important technique in learning of the English Language.
On the Illegality and Regulation of Algorithmic Price Discrimination in China's Digital Economy
Authors: Zeng Rongxin , Li Xiaoshan
Published: November 2023

The legal issue of algorithmic price discrimination sparked by the in-depth use of big data and algorithm techniques has emerged as a significant concern in the development of China's digital economy. Although Chinese law has implemented many regulations on the collection and protection of personal information, data security and governance, as well as on price discrimination, instances of algorithmic price discrimination have arisen in judicial practice. The legal issue surrounding algorithmic price discrimination has not yet been fully resolved. Legal studies in China on this issue mainly uses "big data killing" or "algorithmic price discrimination" to define it. Regarding the legal classification and regulation of algorithmic price discrimination: the Anti-Monopoly Law's regulatory measures are limited from a competition law standpoint. Instead, Anti-Unfair Competition Law provides a more appropriate framework. As for civil law, the question of whether the algorithmic price discrimination qualifies as a civil tort still requires discussion; nevertheless, it satisfies all the constitutive elements of fraud in Chinese civil law.
Machine Learning as Our Weapon to Become Anesthesiologist 5.0
Authors: Ratumasa Marilaeta Cindryani Ra , Sucandra MA Kresna , Aryasa Tjahya , Sutawan IB Krisna Jaya
Published: November 2023

Machine learning is one of the most renowned things that have emerged in the last five years in medicine. The machine is made as if it has the cognitive ability to think independently, is able to distinguish incoming inputs and get the desired output. Along with the development of statistical and computer science, machine learning has evolved into a distinct subfield within the broader domain of data science, with far-reaching implications for various sectors, including healthcare. In medical science, technology and artificial intelligence are starting to take over anesthetic services. This paradigm shift necessitates a fundamental change in the role of future anesthesiologists A future anesthesiologist will need to continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of data science and artificial intelligence systems, and make adjustments when necessary to improve impact on patient care and outcomes. Anesthesiologists of the future will need to harness the power of data science and artificial intelligence to enhance patient care continually, emphasizing adaptability and collaboration as key elements in delivering improved healthcare outcomes.
PCR- A Paradigm Shift with A Robust Quantum Jump
Authors: Goswami Anamitra , Mukherjee Nabanita , Sil Moumita , Goswami Arunava , Ratnaparkhi Prashant
Published: November 2023

Nature Communications has recognized the article titled "Engineered Helicase Replaces Thermocycler in DNA Amplification While Retaining Desired PCR Characteristics" as one of the top 25 best papers published in 2022. Gavrilov et al. (2022) engineered helicase which replaces thermocycler in DNA amplification while retaining desired PCR characteristics. No experiment was so advanced that of Gavrilov et al. LAMP (Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification) is limited to producing only short amplicons. SHARP (SSB-Helicase Assisted Rapid PCR) was invented in 2022. We were waiting over a year for reactions from scientific community and then employed SHARP. Gavrilov et al. showed costly PCR machine is not needed for SHARP. It has huge implication for Covid-19 research and prevention in India.
Personal Cloud Storage and File-Sharing Platform in PiGen
Authors: Murthy G V K , Raghunath N. , Nagaraju B. , Kumar K. Sowjan
Published: November 2023

This project presents the development of personal cloud storage and file transfer systems with the help of Raspberry Pi 3 and Hard disk drive devices. The main aim of the project is to save your files locally on your Hard Disk Drive connected to the Raspberry Pi as well, access files remotely even if you are not connected to the WI-FI which is also connected to Raspberry Pi, and share them with anyone you wish to.
Dynamic Suspension Utilizing PID Control with MATLAB
Authors: Divya B. , Naresh K. , Nagaraju B. , Venkateswarlu K. , Jeevana K. , Kavitha S.
Published: November 2023

This research paper proposes a PID controlled electromagnetic actuator design for active suspension system. In this method the ride profile is an unknown disturbance and we only measure the vertical displacement of the vehicle body caused by irregular ride profile. The simulation result show that proposed control can achieve better suspension performance and requires less information, also achieves better traction after encountering irregularities on the road.
A Review on Grid-connected Solar-Wind Hybrid System for Electrical Application
Authors: Nagaraju B. , Kumar K Sowjan , Sivareddy K.V. , Naresh K.
Published: November 2023

Recently, the smart grid has been paying more and more attention to renewable energy production and electric vehicles (EVs). In order to meet the electrical load demand in India, a grid-connected solar-wind hybrid system is presented in this study. The system also includes a charging station for electric vehicles. The proposed setup is subjected to an economic analysis in order to meet both the retail center's electrical load demand and the demand for EV charging. The cost of the energy that is purchased and then sold to the utility grid is taken into account while designing the suggested system, and the utility grid and other system components are guaranteed to exchange power. By utilising optimization techniques, the component is sized to achieve the lowest levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) while decreasing the probability of a power supply failure (LPSP). The efficient management of renewable energy generation and load needs is determined to be a key to designing a system that is both affordable and dependable. Particularly in poorer nations, the proposed approach would be useful in lessening reliance on the grid's heavy load.
Pelayanan Koinonia yang Berkualitas dan Implikasinya di Gereja Masa Kini
Authors: Megawati Manullang
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The Koinonia ministry is one of the tri-duties of the church's vocation which at this time seems to have begun to weaken quite a number of churches due to the development of the times which requires that the koinonia strategy must be improved or in other words quality. Therefore, a quality Koinonia ministry is able to protect the congregation to remain faithful in fellowship. A good Koinonia is to divide certain categories to improve the quality of the congregation in its growth in quality and quantity. In this paper, I provide Koinonia services by dividing into five categories, namely: Child Category (Age 0-2, 2-5, 6-12), Youth Category (Age 15-35 years), Early Adult Category (Age 17- 22, 22-28, 28-33, 40-45 years), Middle Adult Category (45-65 years old), and Advanced Adult Category (over 60 years old). Each category has its own portion and needs according to their psychological condition and situation, which should be seen from the point of view of their age. This will make it easier for the church to improve or even improve the quality of Koinonia's service to the congregation, especially in today's churches that require an increase in their Koinonia.
Pemecahan Masalah dan Solusi Terhadap Perilaku Dewasa Madya dalam Pemeliharaan Lingkungan dan Alam
Authors: Desi Wulandari Siahaan  , Elsaday MS  , Bella Sinambela  , Damayanti Nababan
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Environment is everything that affects human growthand animals. While the environment is everything that being around living things (organisms) that have reciprocal effects on living things. Effort environmental preservation means maintaining the existence of the environment forever, everlasting and unchanging. By doing actions arbitrarily to the environment by exploiting regardless of the consequences, clearly contrary to Christian teachings Instability of natural conditions, disasters and calamities that occur in nature, because it is caused by human hands. Management This environment aims to achieve harmonious relations between humans and the environment. inner harmony Christian teachings include four things, namely: harmony with God, harmony with society, harmony with the natural environment and harmony with oneself. Efforts to preserve the environment alive, this received serious attention from the shepherd. written in the bible about reviving dead land, planting trees (reforestation) and the contents of the bible about the prohibition of open defecation. Messages written in God's word, are awakening to his people to always increase awareness of the environment.
Pandangan Alkitabiah Terhadapa Penderitaan Dalam Konteks Indonesia
Authors: Filiani Filiani  , Aprianus Lendrik Moimau
Published: November 2023

In the beginning God created humans and hoped that humans could reflect life as God's glorious creation, that is, in the image and similarity of God. For Irenius, the image of God meant “Human nature as a rational and free being. In connection with the term "image and likeness to God," Lempp writes that: "Man is the goal and crown of all creatures, outwardly and inwardly created by God, according to God, of the same character, talent, character, character with God, and all are imitated according to the original. .”
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Dengan Model Seven Jumps Berbantuan Wag Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hartutik Hartutik  , Prabandari C.D  , Astuti Andarweni  , Epilia F
Published: November 2023

Seeing the root of the problem of student independence during the Covid-19 pandemic, implementing the effectiveness of learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group during the Covid-19 Pandemic is the aim of this research. This type of research approach is a qualitative and quantitative experiment carried out online with the Seven Jumps learning model assisted by WhatsApp groups. Data was collected by questionnaires, observation sheets and tests. Valid device tests come from expert perceptions, test the effectiveness of learning with statistical tests of the effect of regression and comparative t tests.

The results showed that the root problems and constraints for student independence in utilizing information technology to achieve the expected competencies were: low self-motivation to learn, self-assessment ability, self-discipline, self-control, responsibility, pattern-learning ability, self-reliance in designing appropriate learning objectives, design implementation strategies, monitoring the progress of learning outcomes, coordination of learning methods, and the need for guidance in finding learning resources, implementing independent learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group is effective. This is indicated by: a) there is a positive influence of independent learning on problem solving ability of 60.8%, b) The gain test to measure the effectiveness of the pretest and posttest is 0.52 in the medium category and the effectiveness is sufficient. The Seven Jumps method can be implemented boldly during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Peran Katekese Digital Sebagai Media Pembinaan Iman Kaum Muda Kristiani
Authors: Andreas Jimmy  , Bernard Antonius Rahawarin  , Sandi Nugroho
Published: November 2023

This article highlights the important role of catechism in developing the faith of young Catholics in the modern era. This study uses a theological analytical discourse methodology to analyze the role of catechism as a medium for building faith. Catechesis is a means used by the Church to communicate the teachings of faith to the people. Through catechesis, the Church can provide effective accompaniment of faith to young people. This study focuses on the problems faced by young people today. They are the next generation of the Church who need special attention because they are very vulnerable to being influenced by the fast and swift currents of modernity. Therefore, an effective assistance effort is needed for them. The research findings show that young people, who are in a period of searching for identity, tend to get bored easily and are quickly satisfied. In this context, catechesis as a form of faith formation is an effective choice and responsive to the lifestyle of today's youth. Through catechesis, young people can gain a deeper understanding of the teachings of the faith, strengthen their relationship with God and develop a strong Christian identity. Digital catechesis, which combines technology with messages of faith, can be a relevant and attractive medium for young people. In conclusion, digital catechesis has a significant role in developing the faith of young Christians. In facing the challenges of modern times, the Church needs to use catechesis as an effective strategy to assist young people in strengthening their faith. By utilizing technology and adapting the right content, digital catechism can be an effective tool in forming a young generation who are firm in their faith and ready to face the changing times.
Hubungan Kompetensi Sosial Guru Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Kelas IX SMP Satu Atap Negeri 5 Pangururan
Authors: Riama Marito Simorangkir  , Binur Panjaitan  , Risden Anakampun  , Oktober Tua Aritonang  , Goklas J Manalu
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between teacher social competence and the learning motivation of class VIII Christian Religious Education students at SMP Satu Roof Negeri 5 Pangururan. The method used in this research is a descriptive quantitative research method. The population is all 102 students of VIII SMP Satu Atap Negri 5 Pangururan for the 2022/2023 academic year and a sample of 35 people was determined using a random sampling technique. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 31 items, namely 20 items for variable data as follows: 1) test the positive relationship obtained by the value rxy = 0.574 > rtable(a=0.05,n=35) = 0.334, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Test the relationship The significant value obtained is tcount= 4.026 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=33)=2.042, thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. So Ha says there is a relationship between teacher social competence and learning motivation Class VIII Christian Religious Education students at One Roof Middle School 5 Pangururan were accepted and H0 which said there was no relationship was rejected.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Bahan Cerita Aku Bisa Mengasihi Orang Lain (Yohanes 12:34-35) Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dan Budi Pekerti Kelas III SD Di Kecamatan Sipoholon Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara
Authors: Anita Manullang
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research is to develop a product in the form of story-based teaching materials for the subjects of Christian Religious Education and Character Education for class III elementary school and to determine the suitability of the teaching materials developed. The method used is research and development (Research and Development) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). The data obtained was analyzed descriptively qualitatively and descriptively quantitatively. Based on the results of research at the analysis stage, the overall average result of the 11 PAK teachers' answers was 3.60, which stated that the score was in the "Very High" category, meaning that the PAK class III elementary school teachers strongly agreed with using story-based teaching materials as learning material in Aku. Can Love Others. At the design stage, the product is designed including designing story-based teaching materials, determining the materials and reviewing subjects according to the curriculum. The development stage contains activities to design and assess the product. The suitability of teaching materials based on story material from the research results is "Very Good" used for learning for third grade elementary school students with the results of assessing the suitability of the material with an indicator of 88%, the suitability of the material with the learning objectives is 92%, the message/message is conveyed well and does not deviate from the theme 96%, suitability of story content with the theme of story-based teaching materials 92%, and material packaging in story-based teaching materials applied in daily life 84% showing the criteria "Very Good". Then in the implementation stage, teacher response assessment data shows that story-based teaching materials have met the criteria well as Christian Religious Education learning materials for third grade elementary school students with a score percentage of 72% in the "Good" category. The evaluation of student learning outcomes according to the RPP which was carried out showed that the effectiveness of story-based teaching materials had met the requirements, namely that out of 25 students at SD Negeri 173140 Pagar Batu, it was known that 88% of students obtained learning outcomes > 75, namely 22 students had met the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) score. , b) spiritual evaluation is known to have achieved 81.6% and is in the Good category, c) social evaluation achieved 81.4% and is in the Good category. The evaluation stage is carried out by improving the product using criticism and suggestions from validators and educators who have assessed the material story material-based teaching to provide feedback on the development of subsequent story material-based teaching materials.
Comparing the effectiveness of flexi-bar and stability exercises on postural control in chronic nonspecific low back pain: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Amiri Fatemeh
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effect of flexi-bar and stabilization exercises on static and dynamic postural control in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Patients and methods: In this randomized controlled study conducted between November 2019 and March 2020, 38 patients (19 males, 19 females; mean age: 33.8±6.2 years; range, 20 to 45 years) were randomly assigned into flexi-bar (n=19) and stabilization (n=19) groups. Both groups received general physiotherapy for three sessions per week, a total of 10 sessions. Besides, the flexi-bar group received flexi-bar exercises, and the stabilization group received stabilization exercises. Postural sway was assessed with a force platform in three difficult conditions, including open eye, close eye, and one-leg standing and dynamic posture with the modified Star Excursion Balance Test. Results: After the intervention, both groups showed a significant improvement in static and dynamic postural control (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found between groups after treatment, while only the phase-plane portrait of opened eyes condition was significantly improved (p=0.03), in the flexi-bar group compared to the stabilization group. Conclusion: Both flexi-bar and stabilization exercises effectively improved static and dynamic postural control, but none of the exercises was superior to the other. Flexi-bar is recommended as an effective tool in low back pain rehabilitation.
Analysis of patients with adhesive capsulitis after COVID-19 vaccination: An observational study
Authors: Mülkoğlu Cevriye
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to increase the awareness of clinicians about shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA) by analyzing 21 patients with adhesive capsulitis that developed after COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccination. Patients and methods: In this observational study, 21 patients (11 males, 10 females; mean age: 60.7±7.3 years; range, 45 to 70 years) with incipient shoulder pain and limitation diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis due to SIRVA were evaluated between June 2021 and December 2022. Demographic and clinical data of the patients were recorded. Pain was evaluated with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The passive range of motion (ROM) of the affected shoulder was measured by a goniometer. The applied treatment methods (medical treatment, physical therapy, intraarticular steroid injection, hydrodilatation, and suprascapular nerve block) were recorded. The patients were called in for control two months later. Visual Analog Scale scores and passive shoulder ROMs were reevaluated. Results: Symptoms started after the second dose in nine (42.9%) patients. The mean time between vaccination and onset of complaints was 8.0±6.4 days. Sinovac vaccine was administered to eight patients, BioNTech vaccine was administered to five patients, and Sinovac+BioNTech vaccine was administered to eight patients. Baseline to control ROM angle changes were 128.8±30.4º to 155.0±20.6° for flexion, 117.1±37.8° to 147.1±26.4° for abduction, 45.9±17.8° to 61.9±12.6° for internal rotation, and 43.4±21.9° to 56.3±18.3° for external rotation, respectively. The mean VAS scores were 7.0±1.2 (5-9) at baseline and 2.7±1.0 (1-5) at the control. There was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and control (two months after treatment) in terms of VAS scores and ROM angles (p<0.001). Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of adhesive capsulitis following vaccine administration since a significant improvement can be obtained by proper treatment for SIRVA.
On the Phraseology of Chinese College Student Oral English in Public Speaking
Authors: Zhang Yiming
Published: November 2023

Prior investigations of phraseology have systematically researched the teaching and learning of phraseology in EFL setting. Nevertheless, little research has been done specifically on the phraseology of Chinese college student oral English in public speaking. This study sets out to study the formal and functional features of phraseology in a self-built corpus containing 300 speeches delivered by Chinese college students by comparing them against those of native speakers. It has been found that the overall use of phraseology by Chinese college students bears a resemblance to that by native speakers across the four structural types of chunks, including polywords, phrasal constraints, institutionalized expressions and sentence builders. On the other hand, Chinese college students show some unique features in the use of phraseology, including the lack of diversity and the over-reliance on some chunks, etc. The findings of this study also provide significant pedagogical implications for teaching spoken English, especially English public speaking.
Review of Researches on Computer-Mediated Peer Feedback and L2 Proficiency
Authors: Chi Haoyu
Published: November 2023

The researches on peer feedback and L2 proficiency as an influencing factor has reached a considerable scale both domestically and internationally, and has been put into practice in practical teaching. In recent years, online peer feedback and automated corrective feedback have also been constantly emerging. Every empirical research related to it has its own focus, strengths, and areas for improvement. How to organically combine relevant researches and apply it to EFL learners is also worth paying attention to.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI TRANSFORMASI SISWA KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 1 LAHUSA TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Ziliwu Syukur Hati , Sarumaha Rohpinus , Harefa Darmawan
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa pada materi transformasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa khususnya pada materi transformasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif. Informan penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Lahusa berjumlah 20 orang siswa. Data dianalisis dengan langkah-langkah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa dengan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 1 Lahusa memiliki kemampuan koneksi matematika dalam kategori rendah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: siswa tidak memahami konsep transformasi, siswa tidak memahami hubungan konsep transformasi denga topik matematika lainnya misalnya persamaan linear satu variabel dan persamaan garis lurus, siswa tidak mampu mencari hubungan prosedur penyelesaian transformasi dengan materi matematika lainnya, dan siswa tidak mampu menerapkan konsep matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun dalam bidang ilmu lain. Hal ini dikarenakan siswa tidak memahami soal, siswa bingung dalam memilih prosedur penyelesaian yang tepat, dan kurangnya ketelitian siswa dalam melakukan operasi perhitungan matematika sehingga sering terjadi kesalahan perhitungan. Melalui penelitian ini, disarankan agar kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa lebih ditingkatkan lagi dengan cara memperbanyak latihan secara rutin mengerjakan soal-soal yang berhubungan dengan koneksi matematika.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' ERROR IN COMPLETING MATHEMATICS PROBLEMS ON CIRCLE MATERIALS WITH THE WATSON CATEGORY
Authors: Buulolo Derman
Published: November 2023

This study aims to describe students' mistakes in solving math problems on circle material and how the factors that cause errors in solving problems on circle material. This study uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The informants of this study were 22 grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 2 Amandraya. Data collection techniques used were written tests and interviews. The results of this study indicate various types of errors caused by: (i) incorrect data, students are unable to identify the data provided, (ii) procedures are incorrect, students miscalculate or enter values ​​incorrectly, (iii) missing data, incomplete input data and principles or formulas used are incorrect, (iv) conclusions are lost, students do not write down the final results of the work, (v) conflict level response, students lack maximum readiness in solving questions, (vi) indirect completion, problem solving process from each stage that has illogical reasons, (vii) high skill problems, errors in calculations and errors in changing algebraic forms, (viii) other than the seventh category above, students do not write down answers or do not answer at all.
ANALYSIS THE ABILITY UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT STUDENTS IN CLASS VIII OF SMP ORAHILI FONDRAKO QUADRATIC
Authors: Ronal Raigen Giawa
Published: November 2023

One of the problem which obtained by the researcher was the lack of ability in understanding mathematical concepts  at the VIII grade students at orahili fondako on  quadratic equation material. This research is aimed to describe the ability of mathematical concept understanding of students at the VIII grade at orahili fondako village on quadratic equation material and to know what are the students' difficulty at the VIII grade of orahili fondako village in finishing the concept comprehending ability especially on quadratic equation material. This research used qualitative descriptive research. The subject of the research was students at VIII grade in orahili fondako village which consists of 15 persons. The technique of collecting data was done by observation and test to the subject of the research. Data was analyzed by the steps as follow, data reduction, data display and verifing conclusion.  As the result of the research shows that  the mathematical concepts understanding at the  VIII grade  on quadratic equation material takes place under category by the percentage was 33%. The difficulties which got by the students in finising  a test of mathematical concept understanding ability on quadratic equation material  which students was lack to comprehend  the test of the test given where, the students did not know what is the meaning  and the purpose was asked  of the case, then the students  also still lack to elaborate  that concept  in a test, so the students were not able to answer the case of the test given and the students still lacked in understanding the steps in describing  quadratic equation graphic. Furthermore, students still not able to apply the concept  of quadratic equation in the case of problem solving. The researcher suggesting that the teacher and parent be collaborated on online learning proces which is applying nowdays so that the students' mathematical concept understanding be improved.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATRIX MODULE TO IMPROVE YOUR UNDERSTANDING CAPABILITY OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS
Authors: Laia Nasib Baik
Published: November 2023

Mathematics subjects, which ideally are logical and useful subjects, have so far been less favored by students. The reality in schools is that there are still many who have difficulty understanding the concept of material, oneYof theYcausesYof thisYproblem is becauseY learningYis stillYteacher-centered and hasYnot been developed by the teacher's own teaching materials in learning. TheYpurpose ofYthis study was to develop aYmatrix module inYimproving theYabilityYtoYunderstand mathematical concepts.YThe type of researchYis research andYdevelopment (R&D), with the ADDIEYmodel (analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluation). Data collectionYtechniques are questionnaires, andYtests. Data analysisYtechniques are qualitative dataYanalysis and quantitative data analysis. Based on research and discussion that the results of the validation test from the validator show that it is very valid. The resultsYof the validationYof the material section obtained an average of 79.54% with a valid category. The results of the validation of media experts obtained an average of 92.59% with a very valid category and the results of the validation of linguists obtained an average of 90% with a very valid category. From the three validators, theYresults of the module validity obtained an average of 87.37% with a very valid category. practicality results were obtained based on limited class trials and field trials. The results of practicality in the limitedYclass trialYobtained results of 2.86 with a percentage of 71.5% in the very practical category. The results of practicality in field trials obtained results of 3.61 with aYpercentage of 90.25 and were categorized as very practical. The results of the effectiveness of the limited class trialYmodule with an average score of 0.80 in the high category, and the results of the effectiveness of the field class trial with theyacquisition of anyaverage scoreyof 0.66 inythe mediumYcategory. The developedYmodule is expected to beYused in improvingYthe ability to understand mathematical concepts in matrixYmaterial.
Effects of maceration on light stable isotopic (δ13C, δ18O) values of pig (Sus scrofa) rib bone carbonate
Authors: Ceja Ligia , Soler Angela , Mortlock Richard , Quinn Rhonda
Published: November 2023

Geoprofiling isotopic analyses provide investigative leads for unidentified human remains cases by determining possible regions of origin or excluding unlikely residences during life, which in turn can reduce the number of missing persons an investigator mustconsider. However, maceration methods involving heat, bleach, baking soda, and detergents have much potential to significantly change biogenic isotopic values in the structural carbonate phase of bone bioapatite. Here we test the impact of seven maceration methods on δ13C and δ18O values of bone carbonate (BC) of pig (Sus scrofa) ribs. Four of the seven maceration methods altered pig δ13CBC values with offsets ranging from 0.4‰ to 1.4‰; this amount of change would not severely impact human diet or geolocation interpretations. Five of the methods significantly decreased pig δ18OBC values by averages ranging between 1.0‰ and 2.6‰ likely due to the isotopic exchange between bone and heated water. As an illustrative exercise, we compared our study’s results to macerated rib δ13CBC and δ18OBC values of an identified New York City resident previously in the custody of the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner (NYC OCME). We suggest that maceration methods, especially those involving heated water, can potentially contribute to erroneous geolocation estimates garnered from rib δ18OBC values of unidentified individuals.
Freie und vielfältige Massenmedien
Authors: Mitter Herwig
Published: November 2023

Den "Marktplatz der Ideen" gibt es in den Massenmedien nicht. Trotzdem dient er oft als Schablone für die Interpretation der grundrechtlichen Medienfreiheit. Diese kann damit allerdings nicht ihr demokratisierendes Potenzial entfalten. Der Autor erarbeitet – ausgehend von der Medienrechtsgeschichte der vergangenen 500 Jahre – einen Gegenentwurf zu diesem herkömmlichen Verständnis mit dem Ergebnis, dass die Medienfreiheit, soll sie demokratische Berichterstattung hervorbringen, vor allem viererlei gewährleisten muss: Zugang zu Infrastrukturen, demokratiekompatible Marktverhältnisse, Unabhängigkeit und Zugang zu staatlichen Informationen. Abschließend untersucht der Autor drei Regelungsbereiche aus der Praxis der Medienfreiheit:

 

die unionsrechtlichen Vorschriften über die Neutralität des Internets,

die kartellrechtliche Entflechtung,

die Medienförderungen auf Bundesebene.