bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Stomach Back-Shu and Front-Mu Points on Insular Functional Connectivity in Functional Dyspepsia Rat Models
Authors: Chen Yuan , Zhao Ying , Tan Robert Yu-Sheng , Zhang Pu-yue , Long Tao , Shi Yu , Zheng Hua-bin
Published: September 2021

Functional Dyspepsia (FD) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease, which can reduce the quality of life in patients. Prior research has indicated that insula is closely related to FD and that acupuncture can regulate the functional connectivity (FC) of FD. Therefore, we hypothesized that acupuncture on FD was effected through the insular pathway. To test our hypothesis, we performed electroacupuncture (EA) on FD rat models and then examined the FC between insula and other brain regions through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Seven-day-old male infant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, FD model group, and FD acupuncture group, with twelve rats per group (n = 36). Upon establishing successful models, the FD acupuncture group was subjected to EA intervention using Stomach back-shu (BL-21) and front-mu (RN-12) points for ten consecutive days for durations of 20 minutes each day. After intervention, each group was subject to rs-fMRI. The digital image data obtained were analyzed using FC analysis methods. Subsequently, gastric ligation was performed to measure gastric emptying rates. Before EA intervention, the FD model group exhibited decreased functional connections between the insula and a number of brain regions. After EA intervention, FD acupuncture group exhibited increasing FC between insula and regions when compared to the FD model group, such as the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), hippocampal CA3 (CA3), polymorphic layer of dentate gyrus (PoDG), caudate putamen (CPu), and oral pontine reticular nuclei (PnO)

P
<
0.05

; decreasing FC was also exhibited between insula and regions such as the bilateral primary and secondary motor cortexes (M1/2), paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVA), and limbic cortex (LC). These findings indicate that the effective treatment of FD using EA may be through regulating the abnormal FC between insula and several brain regions, in particular CA3, PoDG, and PVA.
B5G Ultrareliable Low Latency Networks for Efficient Secure Autonomous and Smart Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Alshamrani Sultan S. , Jha Nishant , Prashar Deepak
Published: September 2021

Recently, 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) systems, Ultrareliable Low Latency Network (URLLC) represents the key enabler for a range of modern technologies to support Industry 4.0 applications, such as transportation and healthcare. Real-world implementation of URLLC can help in major transformations in industries like autonomous driving, road safety, and efficient traffic management. Furthermore, URLLC contributes to the objective of fully autonomous cars on the road that can respond to dynamic traffic patterns by collaborating with other vehicles and surrounding environments rather than relying solely on local data. For this, the main necessity is that how information is to be transferred among the vehicles in a very small time frame. This requires information to be transferred among the vehicles reliably in extremely short time duration. In this paper, we have implemented and analyzed the Multiaccess Edge Computing- (MEC-) based architecture for 5G autonomous vehicles based on baseband units (BBU). We have performed Monte Carlo simulations and plotted curves of propagation latency, handling latency, and total latency in terms of vehicle density. We have also plotted the reliability curve to double-check our findings. When the RSU density is constant, the propagation latency is directly proportional to the vehicle density, but when the vehicle density is fixed, the propagation latency is inversely proportional. When RSU density is constant, vehicle density and handling latency are strictly proportional, but when vehicle density is fixed, handling latency becomes inversely proportional. Total latency behaves similarly to propagation latency; that is, it is also directly proportional.
Optimization Design Strategy of Electroadhesive Devices with Interdigital Electrodes Based on the Multiparameters Theoretical Model
Authors: Lai Shuang , Zhang Jintao , Yan Yaxuan , Yu Huahua
Published: September 2021

Electroadhesion is an adhesion mechanism applying high voltage to generate adhesive force. The electroadhesion system can generate and maintain adhesive force on almost any object, solving the challenge of handling irregular and rough surface objects as well as fragile objects. The electroadhesive pad is a key component of the electroadhesion system for interacting with the target object. By optimizing the design of the electroadhesive pad, the electroadhesion system provides greater adhesive force and achieves better adhesion. In this study, a multiparameter theoretical model including the dimensional parameters of the electroadhesive pad has been developed and an optimization design strategy for specific applications has been proposed. By considering both the key parameters influencing the electroadhesive force and the practical constraints of equipment and materials, this strategy allows the optimization design methods of electroadhesive pads to be further extended to applications. The influence of each parameter on the optimization results has been evaluated by calculating and comparing the optimized values under different conditions, and it has been demonstrated that the size of the pad also has an effect on the optimized values. A 3D simulation model has been established to simulate the effect of electroadhesion, and the accuracy of the optimization results has been verified by comparing the theoretical and simulation results. An application example has been performed and the results have shown that the structure of the electroadhesive pad can be optimized by using this strategy, thus maximizing the generated electroadhesive force and improving the overall performance of the electroadhesion system.
Predictive Model for Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival in Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang He , Fang Weiyue , Lin Ying , Zheng Zhanzhong , Wang Zefan , Chen Xiangfen , Yu Kang , Lu Guangrong
Published: September 2021

Objective. Recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), while the prognosis for patients diagnosed remains poor and has slightly improved. Methods. We extracted 6,466 cases with detailed demographical characteristics including age at diagnosis, sex, ethnicity, marital status, and clinical features, involving tumor grade and stage at diagnosis and treatment modalities (radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery) from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) (1975–2017) dataset. They were further randomly divided into the training and validating cohorts. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were conducted to determine significant variables for construction of nomogram. The predictive power of the model was then assessed by Harrell concordance index (C-index) and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, marital status, insurance, tumor grade, TNM stage, surgery, and chemotherapy all showed a significant association with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). These characteristics were employed to build a nomogram. Particularly, the discrimination of nomogram for OS and CSS prediction in the training set were excellent (C-index = 0.762, 95% CI: 0.754–0.770 and C-index = 0.774, 95% CI: 0.766–0.782). The AUC of the nomogram for predicting 2- and 5-year OS was 0.834 and 0.853 and CSS was 0.844 and 0.866. Similar results were observed in the internal validation set. Conclusion. We have successfully established a novel nomogram for predicting OS and CSS in EAC patients with good accuracy, which can help clinicians predict the survival of individual patient survival and provide optimal treatment strategies.
Multiple Solutions for Second-Order Sturm–Liouville Boundary Value Problems with Subquadratic Potentials at Zero
Authors: Liu Dan , Zhang Xuejun , Song Mingliang
Published: September 2021

We deal with the following Sturm–Liouville boundary value problem:

−

P

t

x
′

t

′
+
B

t

x

t

=
λ

∇

x

V

t
,
x

,
 
 
a.e.
 
t
∈

0,1

x

0

cos
  
α
−
P

0

x
′

0

sin
  
α
=
0

x

1

cos
  
β
−
P

1

x
′

1

sin
  
β
=
0

Under the subquadratic condition at zero, we obtain the existence of two nontrivial solutions and infinitely many solutions by means of the linking theorem of Schechter and the symmetric mountain pass theorem of Kajikiya. Applying the results to Sturm–Liouville equations satisfying the mixed boundary value conditions or the Neumann boundary value conditions, we obtain some new theorems and give some examples to illustrate the validity of our results.
Prevention of Water Inrushes in Deep Coal Mining over the Ordovician Aquifer: A Case Study in the Wutongzhuang Coal Mine of China
Authors: Yin Huichao , Xu Bin , Yin Shangxian , Tian Wuzi , Yao Hui , Meng Haopeng
Published: September 2021

Through field observation and theoretical study, we found that the Hanxing mining area has a typical ternary structure in coal mining under high water pressure of the aquifer. This ternary structure is the Ordovician limestone aquifer-aquiclude including thin limestones-coal seam. Although the aquiclude is considerably thick, there is still a great risk of water burst during mining under water pressure in the deep burial environment. Multidimensional characteristics of floor water inrush in deep mining are summarized in the paper, including water migration upwardly driven by the Ordovician confined water, the planar dispersion of the water inrush channel, the stepped increase of the water inrush intensity, the hysteretic effluent of the water inrush time and the exchange, and adsorption of the water quality. The water inrush mechanism is clarified that the permeability, dilatancy, fracturing, and ascending of the water from the Ordovician limestone aquifer form a planar and divergent flow through the transfer, storage, and transportation of thin limestone aquifers. The corresponding water inrush risk evaluation equation is also proposed. Based on the thickness of the aquiclude, the thickness of the failure zones, and the water inrush coefficient, the floor aquiclude is classified into five categories. While water inrush cannot be completely controlled by the traditional underground floor reinforcement with ultra-thick aquiclude or even zonal grouting, a comprehensive prevention and control concept of the four-dimensional floor water hazard in full time-space domain are proposed. A tridimensional prevention and control model of three-dimensional reticulated exploration, treatment, verification, and supplementation is presented. A full time domain technological quality control process of condition assessment, exploration, remediation, inspection, evaluation, monitoring, and reassurance is formed, and a water disaster prevention method with full time-space tridimensional network in deep coal mining is established. Case study in the Hanxing mining area demonstrates that the proposed methods are highly effective.
Association of Postoperative Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) with the Presence of Osteoporosis in Japanese Patients after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bekki Hirofumi , Arizono Takeshi , Hama Daiki , Inokuchi Akihiko , Hamada Takahiro , Imamura Ryuta
Published: September 2021

Background. The diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on bone mineral density measurements expressed as a percentage of the young adult mean (YAM) in Japan. Osteoporosis is defined as YAM <70%, and intervention is recommended at this cutoff. Because osteoporosis has a strong association with systemic metabolic disorders, we postulated that patients with YAM <70% had higher inflammatory biomarker concentrations owing to the higher systemic stress compared with YAM >70%. Method. We retrospectively reviewed 94 patients with low-trauma hip fractures. Blood examinations were performed on postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 7. We used neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) to evaluate postoperative recovery. After dividing the 94 patients into two groups according to a YAM cutoff of 70%, we compared the differences in NLR and MLR. Results. On POD 1, patients with YAM >70% had a median NLR of 5.7 and a median MLR of 0.66, which were significantly lower than for patients with YAM <70% (8.8 and 0.9, respectively). Similarly, on POD 7, patients with YAM >70% had a median NLR of 2.0 and a median MLR of 0.31, which were significantly lower than for patients with YAM <70% (3.5 and 0.43, respectively). Conclusion. A YAM cutoff of 70% is an appropriate intervention threshold regarding postoperative recovery after hip fracture surgery. Mini-Abstract. Patients with YAM >70% showed lower NLR and MLR on POD 1 and POD 7. A YAM cuffoff of 70% is an appropriate intervention threshold regarding postoperative recovery after hip fracture surgery.
Overexpression of MAL2 Correlates with Immune Infiltration and Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhong Yue , Zhuang Zhenjie , Mo PeiJu , Shang Qi , Lin Mandi , Gong JiaQian , Huang JiaRong , Mo HaiYan , Huang Mei
Published: September 2021

Background. Myelin and lymphocyte, T cell differentiation protein 2 (MAL2) is highly expressed in various cancers and associated with the development and prognosis of cancer. However, the relationship between MAL2 and breast cancer requires further investigation. This study aimed to explore the prognostic significance of MAL2 in breast cancer. Methods. MAL2 expression was initially assessed using the Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to explore the association between clinical characteristics and MAL2 expression. The prognostic value of MAL2 in breast cancer was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify the biological pathways correlated with MAL2 expression in breast cancer. Besides, a single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was used to assess the relationship between the level of immune infiltration and MAL2 in breast cancer. Results. Both bioinformatics and RT-qPCR results showed that MAL2 was expressed at high levels in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test indicated that MAL2 expression was related to stage, M classification, and vital status. Kaplan–Meier curves implicated that high MAL2 expression was significantly associated with the poor prognosis. Cox regression models showed that high MAL2 expression could be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. GSEA showed that 14 signaling pathways were enriched in the high-MAL2-expression group. Besides, the MAL2 expression level negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer. Conclusion. Overexpression of MAL2 correlates with poor prognosis and lower immune infiltrating levels of eosinophils and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in breast cancer and may become a biomarker for breast cancer prognosis.
Evaluation of the Stress Tolerance of Salmonella with Different Antibiotic Resistance Profiles
Authors: Xiao Xingning , Tang Biao , Liu Siyi , Suo Yujuan , Yang Hua , Wang Wen
Published: September 2021

Disease caused by antibiotic‐resistant Salmonella is a serious clinical problem that poses a great threat to public health. The present study is aimed at assessing differences in bacterial kinetics with different antibiotic resistance profiles under environmental stress and at developing microbial tolerance models in lettuce during storage from 4 to 36°C. The drug‐resistance phenotypes of 10 Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates were examined using the broth microdilution method. The results of 10 S. Typhimurium isolates in the suspensions showed that a slow trend towards reduction of drug‐sensitive (DS) isolates in relation to the others though without statistical difference. Compared to DS S. Typhimurium SA62, greater bacterial reduction was observed in multidrug‐resistant (MDR) S. Typhimurium HZC3 during lettuce storage at 4°C (P < 0.05). It was likely that a cross‐response between antibiotic resistance and food‐associated stress tolerance. The greater growth in lettuce at 12°C was observed for DS S. Typhimurium SA62 compared to MDR S. Typhimurium HZC3 and was even statistically different (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed for bacterial growth between MDR S. Typhimurium HZC3 and DS S. Typhimurium SA62 strains in lettuce storage from 16 to 36°C (P > 0.05). The goodness‐of‐fit indices indicated the Log‐linear primary model provided a satisfactory fit to describe the MDR S. Typhimurium HZC3 and DS S. Typhimurium SA62 survival at 4°C. A square root secondary model could be used to describe the effect of temperature (12, 16, 28, and 36°C) on the growth rates of S. Typhimurium HZC3 (adj − R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 0.06) and S. Typhimurium SA62 (adj − R2 = 0.99, RMSE = 0.01) derived from the Huang primary model. It was necessary to pay attention to the tolerance of antibiotic resistant bacteria under environmental stress, and the generated models could provide parts of the input data for microbial risk assessment of Salmonella with different antibiotic resistance profile in lettuce.
Sporadic Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting with Middle Cranial Fossa Masses with Sphenoid Bony Invasion and Acute Pancreatitis in a Child
Authors: Dror Tal , Donovan Virginia , Strubel Naomi , Bhaumik Sucharita
Published: September 2021

Acute pancreatitis in children is usually due to infection, trauma, or anatomical abnormalities and is rarely due to obstruction from malignancy. Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma that usually involves the bowel or pelvis, with isolated cases presenting as acute pancreatitis. We report a case of BL in a 12-year-old male presenting as acute pancreatitis with obstructive jaundice and a right middle cranial fossa mass invading the sphenoid bone. The common bile duct in this case was dilated to 21 mm in diameter on abdominal ultrasound and to 26 mm on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), significantly greater than any value reported in the literature for BL. Given the rapidly progressing nature of BL, we emphasize the importance of recognizing heterogeneous presentations of this disease to improve patient survival. We also conclude that it is important to consider malignancy in a child with acute pancreatitis, particularly in the presence of obstructive jaundice or multisystem involvement. Other Presentations. This case report has no prior publications apart from the abstract being accepted to the 2020 SIOP (International Society of Pediatric Oncology) meeting and 2020 ASPHO conference (canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic) and subsequently published as an abstract only in Pediatric Blood and Cancer. We have also presented the abstract as a poster presentation at our institution’s (NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, previously known as NYU Winthrop) annual research day conference in 2020.
Prediction of circRNA‐miRNA Associations Based on Network Embedding
Authors: Lan Wei , Zhu Mingrui , Chen Qingfeng , Chen Jianwei , Ye Jin , Liu Jin , Peng Wei , Pan Shirui
Published: September 2021

circRNA is a novel class of noncoding RNA with closed‐loop structure. Increasing biological experiments have shown that circRNAs play an important role in many diseases by acting as a miRNA sponge to indirectly regulate the expression of miRNA target genes. Therefore, predicting associations between circRNAs and miRNAs can promote the understanding of pathogenesis of disease. In this paper, we propose a new computational method, NECMA, based on network embedding to predict potential associations between circRNAs and miRNAs. In our method, the Gaussian interaction profile (GIP) kernel similarities of circRNA and miRNA are calculated based on the known circRNA‐miRNA associations, respectively. Then, the circRNA‐miRNA association network, circRNA GIP kernel similarity network, and miRNA GIP kernel similarity network are utilized to construct the heterogeneous network. Furthermore, the network embedding algorithm is used to extract potential features of circRNA and miRNA from the heterogeneous network, respectively. Finally, the associations between circRNAs and miRNAs are predicted by using neighborhood regularization logic matrix decomposition and inner product. The performance of NECMA is evaluated by using ten‐fold cross‐validation. The results show that this method has better prediction accuracy than other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Feature Fusion Based on Convolutional Neural Network for Breast Cancer Auxiliary Diagnosis
Authors: Cheng Xiaofan , Tan Liang , Ming Fangpeng
Published: September 2021

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in many countries. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Especially in remote areas with low medical standards, the diagnosis efficiency of breast cancer is extremely low due to insufficient medical facilities and doctors. Therefore, in-depth research on how to improve the diagnosis rate of breast cancer has become a hot spot. With the development of society and science, people use artificial intelligence to improve the auxiliary diagnosis of diseases in the existing medical system, which can become a solution for detecting and accurately diagnosing breast cancer. The paper proposes an auxiliary diagnosis model that uses deep learning in view of the low rate of human diagnosis by doctors in remote areas. The model uses classic convolutional neural networks, including VGG16, InceptionV3, and ResNet50 to extract breast cancer image features, then merge these features, and finally train the model VIRNets for auxiliary diagnosis. Experimental results prove that for the recognition of benign and malignant breast cancer pathological images under different magnifications, VIRNets have a high generalization and strong robustness, and their accuracy is better than their basic network and other structures of the network. Therefore, the solution provides a certain practical value for assisting doctors in the diagnosis of breast cancer in real scenes.
Intelligent Dermatologist Tool for Classifying Multiple Skin Cancer Subtypes by Incorporating Manifold Radiomics Features Categories
Authors: Attallah Omneya , Sharkas Maha
Published: September 2021

The rates of skin cancer (SC) are rising every year and becoming a critical health issue worldwide. SC’s early and accurate diagnosis is the key procedure to reduce these rates and improve survivability. However, the manual diagnosis is exhausting, complicated, expensive, prone to diagnostic error, and highly dependent on the dermatologist’s experience and abilities. Thus, there is a vital need to create automated dermatologist tools that are capable of accurately classifying SC subclasses. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have verified the success of computer-assisted dermatologist tools in the automatic diagnosis and detection of SC diseases. Previous AI-based dermatologist tools are based on features which are either high-level features based on DL methods or low-level features based on handcrafted operations. Most of them were constructed for binary classification of SC. This study proposes an intelligent dermatologist tool to accurately diagnose multiple skin lesions automatically. This tool incorporates manifold radiomics features categories involving high-level features such as ResNet-50, DenseNet-201, and DarkNet-53 and low-level features including discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and local binary pattern (LBP). The results of the proposed intelligent tool prove that merging manifold features of different categories has a high influence on the classification accuracy. Moreover, these results are superior to those obtained by other related AI-based dermatologist tools. Therefore, the proposed intelligent tool can be used by dermatologists to help them in the accurate diagnosis of the SC subcategory. It can also overcome manual diagnosis limitations, reduce the rates of infection, and enhance survival rates.
Creep Structure Effect of Layered Rock Mass Based on Acoustic Emission Characteristics
Authors: Xu Huichen , Zhang Yong , Zhao Chengwei , Miao Chengyu , Sun Xiaoming
Published: September 2021

Investigating the creep structural effect of layered rock mass is of great practical and theoretical significance. In this paper, taking the Muzhailing tunnel as an example, structure effect of layered rock mass based on acoustic emission characteristics has been analyzed. The study shows that creep parameters of layered rock mass are significantly influenced by structural effects, and the overall creep variable is small. The creep deformation of layered rock mass includes transient creep and steady‐state creep at a low stress level. At a higher stress level, when the long‐term strength of the rock sample is reached, the deformation increases rapidly, and the accelerated creep occurs in a very short period of time. The creep equation of the structural effects of layered rock mass was established based on the experimental results. Acoustic emission characteristics are analyzed during creep experiment; the study shows that the energy released at the time of initial loading and destruction accounted for most of the total energy. The initial energy release increased first and then decreased with the increase in inclination angle; as the inclination angle increased, the cumulative energy when the rock sample was damaged first decreased and then increased. The structural effect on the main frequency value at the time of failure mainly reflected in the trend that the main frequency value first increased and then decreased as the inclination angle increased. Based on the above analysis, we can recognize the structural effects of layered rock mass and provide the necessary parameters for on‐site support.
Shear Characteristics of the Interface between Recycled Concrete Aggregates and Various Geosynthetics
Authors: Wu Jian-Qi , Li Lei , Yuan Guo-Hui , Wu Bin , Zhang Hao , Zhou Li-Jun
Published: September 2021

To investigate the interface shear characteristics between various geosynthetics and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), 30 large‐scale monotonic direct shear tests were conducted. The main work was to analyse the effect of a biaxial polypropylene geogrid, a glass fiber geogrid, a warp‐knitted polyester geogrid, a woven geotextile, and geonet on the interface shear properties of RCA. The test results show that adding a biaxial polypropylene geogrid or a geonet to RCA can improve its interface shear strength. The inclusion of glass fiber geogrids, warp‐knitted polyester geogrids, and woven geotextiles decrease the interface shear strength of RCA. The reinforcing RCA with geosynthetics can effectively suppress its shear dilation, and the change in internal friction angle is consistent with the change law of the material interface enhancement coefficient. Finally, the aperture size of a geogrid has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the geogrid‐RCA interface. The interface shear strength increases first and then decreases with an increase in the ratio between aperture size and median particle diameter. It is concluded that there is an optimal range of aperture ratio between a geogrid and RCA.
Research on Integrated Learning of Industrial Clusters in Self‐Created Districts
Authors: Pang Liyuan , Zhou Yangmin , Chu Yingjing
Published: September 2021

Under the premise of coordinated procurement bilateral and multi‐issue negotiation, adaptive negotiation strategy has become an essential factor for multiagent conflict resolution. This paper studies an adaptive negotiation strategy based on selective integrated learning, which effectively improves negotiation. First, take the suppliers and purchasing companies in the cluster supply chain as the research objects and analyze the characteristics of multilateral negotiation of collaborative procurement. Secondly, the support vector machine algorithm performs adaptive learning for each evaluation data set to estimate the concession range. On this basis, remove the few submodels that perform poorly, recombine the calculation weights, and establish a multiagent clustered supply collaborative procurement negotiation model. The simulation experiment proves the feasibility of the adaptive negotiation strategy and the effectiveness of the adaptive coordination strategy based on selective ensemble learning proposed in this paper from the aspects of concession range prediction error rate, prediction accuracy rate, and negotiation utility.
Analysis and Recognition Method of Internet Image Public Opinion Based on Partial Differential Equation
Authors: Zhang Yang
Published: September 2021

This article comprehensively and systematically expounds the development trends and basic theory of partial differential methods, analyzes the characteristics of sampling multiscale transformation in detail, and deeply studies the network image denoising and network image restoration methods that perform partial differential diffusion in the pixel domain and the transform domain. An adaptive diffusion method of partial differential equations is proposed. Among them, the key parameters can be adaptively changed according to the curvature and gradient of the local geometric information of the network image, and the diffusion direction and intensity of the diffusion can be controlled. First, using the principle of variation, we derive the Euler equation corresponding to the diffusion method of partial differential equations and analyze its diffusion ability using the local orthogonal coordinate system of the network image. Based on the theoretical analysis of public opinion, this article applies opinion mining technology to the online public opinion early warning system to achieve the purpose of grasping the opinions of netizens in time and guiding the trend of public opinion. Opinion mining is the use of natural language processing technology to automatically extract the emotional tendencies and evaluation objects contained in the subjective text. In the edge area of the network image, the diffusion along the edge direction should have a large diffusion coefficient, and the diffusion along the vertical edge direction should have a small diffusion coefficient; in the flat area of the network image, it diffuses to the surrounding with equal intensity, and the diffusion intensity value is relatively high. Secondly, based on the analysis of the adaptive partial differential equation diffusion method, using the half-point difference format, a numerical method for network image recognition is designed. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the network image recognition model based on adaptive partial differential equation diffusion is more effective than the model based on partial differential equation recognition; at the same time, experiments show that the network image recognition model based on adaptive partial differential equation diffusion is more effective than the network image recognition model based on ordinary diffusion. The network image recognition model based on constant partial differential equation diffusion is more effective in improving the quality of network image recognition.
Characterization of Chlorhexidine‐Impregnated Cellulose‐Based Hydrogel Films Intended for the Treatment of Periodontitis
Authors: Tarawneh Ola , Hamadneh Imad , Huwaitat Rawan , Al-Assi Ameen Rasheed , El Madani Abdulla
Published: September 2021

Periodontitis comprises a chronic inflammation that is initiated by microbiota biofilm. If left untreated, periodontitis may lead to permanent tooth loss. Herein, we propose to design and improve a localized form of therapy comprising a chlorhexidine‐impregnated hydrogel. Hydrogel films were prepared by varying the ratio between cellulose (MCC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) using the crosslinker epichlorohydrin (ECH). The hydrogel was loaded with chlorhexidine. Increasing the CMC ratio led to a reduction in the number of pores, an increase in their size, lower glass transition temperature (Tg), decreased Young’s modulus, and increased film stretching and affected the time of release. Bacterial and fungal zones of inhibition showed similar activity and were not affected by the CMC and MCC ratio. Hydrogels loaded with chlorhexidine prevented the growth of S. oralis and C. albicans microorganisms and may provide a promising local delivery system for treating periodontitis.
Comparing the Effect of Aromatherapy with Peppermint and Lavender Essential Oils on Fatigue of Cardiac Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahdavikian Somayeh , Fallahi Masoud , Khatony Alireza
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives. There is limited and contradictory evidence about the effect of aromatherapy with peppermint and lavender essential oils on the fatigue of cardiac patients. Therefore, the present study was aimed to compare the effect of aromatherapy with peppermint and lavender essential oils on fatigue in cardiac patients. Methods. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 105 cardiac patients. They were randomly divided into three groups: peppermint essential oil (n = 35), lavender essential oil (n = 35), and control (n = 35). Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was used to collect data. The intervention was performed for 7 nights. Before and after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed by all patients. In each intervention group, patients inhaled 3 drops of lavender or peppermint essential oils. In the control group, patients inhaled 3 drops of aromatic placebo. Results. The results showed the average fatigue decreased in the study groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of lavender and peppermint in terms of mean fatigue after the intervention. However, there was a statistically significant difference between lavender and control groups (

P
<
0.001

), as well as peppermint and control groups (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Aromatherapy with peppermint and lavender essential oils can reduce the fatigue of cardiac patients, so the use of these fragrances is recommended.
Diagnostic Accuracy of FEC-PET/CT, FDG-PET/CT, and Diffusion-Weighted MRI in Detection of Nodal Metastases in Surgically Treated Endometrial and Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Rockall Andrea G. , Barwick Tara D. , Wilson William , Singh Naveena , Bharwani Nishat , Sohaib Aslam , Nobbenhuis Marielle , Warbey Victoria , Miquel Marc , Koh Dow-Mu , De Paepe Katja N. , Martin-Hirsch Pierre , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Fotopoulou Christina , Stringfellow Helen , Sundar Sudha , Manchanda Ranjit , Sahdev Anju , Hackshaw Allan , Cook Gary J. ,   MAPPING Study Group, Stewart Victoria , Farthing Alan , Kyrgiou Maria , Yazbek Joseph , Dina Roberto , Ind Thomas , Barton Desmond , Butler John , Attygalle Ayoma , Hazell Steve , Taylor Alexandra , Lalondrelle Susan , Zerizer Imene , Rosof-Williams Diana , Dobson Mike , Hill Jonathan , Brockbank Elly , Lawrence Alexandra , Jeyarajah Arjun , Oram David , Ganesan Raji , Guest Peter , Davies Mark , Vosper Laura , Coetzee Carike
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

Preoperative nodal staging is important for planning treatment in cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, but remains challenging. We compare nodal staging accuracy of 18F-ethyl-choline-(FEC)-PET/CT, 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose-(FDG)-PET/CT, and diffusion-weighted-MRI (DW-MRI) with conventional morphologic MRI.

Experimental Design:

A prospective, multicenter observational study of diagnostic accuracy for nodal metastases was undertaken in 5 gyne-oncology centers. FEC-PET/CT, FDG-PET/CT, and DW-MRI were compared with nodal size and morphology on MRI. Reference standard was strictly correlated nodal histology. Eligibility included operable cervical cancer stage ≥ 1B1 or endometrial cancer (grade 3 any stage with myometrial invasion or grade 1–2 stage ≥ II).

Results:

Among 162 consenting participants, 136 underwent study DW-MRI and FDG-PET/CT and 60 underwent FEC-PET/CT. In 118 patients, 267 nodal regions were strictly correlated at histology (nodal positivity rate, 25%). Sensitivity per patient (n = 118) for nodal size, morphology, DW-MRI, FDG- and FEC-PET/CT was 40%*, 53%, 53%, 63%*, and 67% for all cases (*, P = 0.016); 10%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 25% in cervical cancer (n = 40); 65%, 75%, 70%, 80% and 88% in endometrial cancer (n = 78). FDG-PET/CT outperformed nodal size (P = 0.006) and size ratio (P = 0.04) for per-region sensitivity. False positive rates were all <10%.

Conclusions:

All imaging techniques had low sensitivity for detection of nodal metastases and cannot replace surgical nodal staging. The performance of FEC-PET/CT was not statistically different from other techniques that are more widely available. FDG-PET/CT had higher sensitivity than size in detecting nodal metastases. False positive rates were low across all methods. The low false positive rate demonstrated by FDG-PET/CT may be helpful in arbitration of challenging surgical planning decisions.
Clinical Impact of Detecting Low-Frequency Variants in Cell-Free DNA on Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mizuno Kei , Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Okegawa Takatsugu , Terada Naoki , Ishitoya Satoshi , Miyazaki Yu , Kojima Takahiro , Katayama Hiromichi , Fujimoto Naohiro , Hatakeyama Shingo , Shiota Masaki , Yoshimura Koji , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Narita Shintaro , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Kurahashi Ryoma , Kanno Hidenori , Ito Katsuhiro , Kimura Hiroko , Kamiyama Yuki , Sunada Takuro , Goto Takayuki , Kobayashi Takashi , Yamada Hitoshi , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Kamba Tomomi , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Habuchi Tomonori , Eto Masatoshi , Ohyama Chikara , Ito Akihiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Okuno Hiroshi , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Fujimoto Akihiro , Ogawa Osamu , Akamatsu Shusuke
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

Although cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing is expected to drive cancer precision medicine, little is known about the significance of detecting low-frequency variants in circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We aimed to identify genomic profile including low-frequency variants in ctDNA from patients with CRPC and investigate the clinical utility of detecting variants with variant allele frequency (VAF) below 1%.

Experimental Design:

This prospective, multicenter cohort study enrolled patients with CRPC eligible for treatment with abiraterone or enzalutamide. We performed targeted sequencing of pretreatment cfDNA and paired leukocyte DNA with molecular barcodes, and ctDNA variants with a VAF ≥0.1% were detected using an in-house pipeline. We investigated progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after different ctDNA fraction cutoffs were applied.

Results:

One hundred patients were analyzed (median follow-up 10.7 months). We detected deleterious ATM, BRCA2, and TP53 variants even in samples with ctDNA fraction below 2%. When the ctDNA fraction cutoff value of 0.4% was applied, significant differences in PFS and OS were found between patients with and without defects in ATM or BRCA2 [HR, 2.52; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24–5.11; P = 0.0091] and TP53 (HR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.60–8.71; P = 0.0014). However, these differences were no longer observed when the ctDNA fraction cutoff value of 2% was applied, and approximately 50% of the samples were classified as ctDNA unquantifiable.

Conclusions:

Detecting low-frequency ctDNA variants with a VAF <1% is important to identify clinically informative genomic alterations in CRPC.
Smoking and Periodontitis Can Play a Synergistic Role in the Development of Psoriasis: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Han Ju Hee , Park Jin Woo , Han Kyung Do , Park Jun Beom , Kim Miri , Lee Ji Hyun
Published: September 2021

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder involving the periodontium. The precise nature of the association between periodontitis and psoriasis has not been determined. Objective: This nationwide population-based study investigated the relationship between periodontitis and the risk of psoriasis. Methods: A health screening database, which is a sub-dataset of the Korean National Health Insurance System database, was used in this study. Subjects with (n = 1,063,004) and without (n = 8,655,587) periodontitis who underwent health examinations from January to December 2009 were followed for 9 years. Results: In multivariable analysis, compared to the non-periodontitis group, periodontitis patients had a significantly higher risk of developing psoriasis (hazard ratio 1.116, 95% confidence interval 1.101–1.13). Non-smokers with periodontitis had an 11% increase in risk of psoriasis and smokers with periodontitis had a 26.5% increase in risk of psoriasis compared to non-smokers without periodontitis. Conclusion: Our study highlights periodontitis as a potential independent risk factor for psoriasis, increasing awareness of the synergistic role of smoking and periodontitis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Resting Energy Expenditure Early after Cardiac Surgery and Validity of Predictive Equations: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ruan Huijuan , Tang Qingya , Yang Qi , Hu Fangwen , Cai Wei
Published: September 2021

Objective: Several predictive equations have been used to estimate patients’ energy expenditure. The study aimed to describe the characteristics of resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation during early postoperative stage after cardiac surgery and evaluate the validity of 9 REE predictive equations. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Patients aged 18–80 years old, undergone open-heart surgery, were enrolled between January 2017 and 2018. The measured REE (mREE) was evaluated via indirect calorimetry (IC). The predictive resting energy expenditure (pREE) was suggested by 9 predictive equations, including Harris-Benedict (HB), HB coefficient method, Ireton-Jones, Owen, Mifflin, Liu, 25 × body weight (BW), 30 × BW, and 35 × BW. The association between mREE and pREE was assessed by Pearson’s correlation, paired t test, Bland-Altman method, and the limits of agreement (LOA). Results: mREE was related to gender, BMI, age, and body temperature. mREE was significantly correlated with pREE, as calculated by 9 equations (all p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between pREE and mREE, as calculated by 30 × BW kcal/kg/day (t = 0.782, p = 0.435), while significant differences were noted between mREE and pREE calculated by other equations (all p < 0.05). Taking the 30 × BW equation as a suitable candidate, most of the data points were within LOA, and the percentage was 95.6% (129/135). Considering the rationality of clinical use, accurate predictions (%) were calculated, and only 40.74% was acceptable. Conclusions: The 30 × BW equation is relatively acceptable for estimating REE in 9 predictive equations in the early stage after heart surgery. However, the IC method should be the first choice if it is feasible.
Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health Status and Factors Influencing Negative Mental Health among Health-Care Workers in Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Authors: AlGhufli Fatma , AlMulla Rayyan , Alyedi Ola , Zain AlAbdin Sham , Nakhal Mohammed Moutaz
Published: September 2021

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychological health outcomes and associated factors among health-care workers (HCWs) during COVID-19 pandemic. Subject and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 550 HCWs at 4 different clinics (fever, clean, telemedicine, and mixed clinics) in Dubai Health Authority from July 2020 to September 2020. Severity of depression, anxiety, and stress was examined by calculating the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) for each subscale, while insomnia was determined by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) score. Factors associated with psychological symptoms were identified by univariate (ANOVA and independent t test), and independent factors were detected by multivariate linear regression analysis after controlling other variables. p value of <0.05 was considered with significant results. Results: A total of 400 participants completed the survey. Majority of them were females (84.5%, n = 338) and aged between 18 and 31 (53.5%, n = 214). About 76.5% (n = 306) reported symptoms of depression, 315 (78.8%) anxiety, 254 (63.5%) stress-based, and 187 (46.8%) suffered from clinical insomnia. Frontline HCWs at fever clinic were at higher risk of developing burnout symptoms (p < 0.001). Furthermore, being younger, nonmarried, and nurse had no kids and changed accommodation during the crisis; all together were at higher risk of developing burnout symptoms (p < 0.05). Adjusted linear regression showed that age was the major independent factor affecting DASS-21 subscales without affecting the level of insomnia (<0.01). In addition, being worried about the family and loved ones independently influenced higher levels of depression and anxiety-based (<0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that COVID-19 outbreak has a significant psychological impact on frontline HCWs and the most vulnerable groups to psychological distress. Efficient support and interventions are needed to protect HCWs from being infected and promote their well-being.
Passive Tracer Visualization to Simulate Aerodynamic Virus Transport in Noninvasive Respiratory Support Methods
Authors: Hebbink Rutger Hendrik Johan , Elshof Judith , Wanrooij Steven , Lette Walter , Lokate Mariëtte , Venner Cornelis Henricus , Duiverman M.L. , Hagmeijer Rob
Published: September 2021

Background: Various forms of noninvasive respiratory support methods are used in the treatment of hypoxemic CO­VID-19 patients, but limited data are available about the corresponding respiratory droplet dispersion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the potential spread of infectious diseases for a broad selection of oxygen and respiratory support methods by revealing the therapy-induced aerodynamics and respiratory droplet dispersion. Methods: The exhaled air-smoke plume from a 3D-printed upper airway geometry was visualized by recording light reflection during simulated spontaneous breathing, standard oxygen mask application, nasal high-flow therapy (NHFT), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP). The dispersion of 100 μm particles was estimated from the initial velocity of exhaled air and the theoretical terminal velocity. Results: Estimated droplet dispersion was 16 cm for unassisted breathing, 10 cm for Venturi masks, 13 cm for the nebulizer, and 14 cm for the nonrebreathing mask. Estimated droplet spread increased up to 34 cm in NHFT, 57 cm in BiPAP, and 69 cm in CPAP. A nonsurgical face mask over the NHFT interface reduced estimated droplet dispersion. Conclusions: During NHFT and CPAP/BiPAP with vented masks, extensive jets with relatively high jet velocities were observed, indicating increased droplet spread and an increased risk of droplet-driven virus transmission. For the Venturi masks, a nonrebreathing mask, and a nebulizer, estimated jet velocities are comparable to unassisted breathing. Aerosols are transported unboundedly in all these unfiltered therapies. The adequate use of protective measures is of vital importance when using noninvasive unfiltered therapies in infectious respiratory diseases.