bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thioredoxin‐Interacting Protein Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Involved in the Susceptibility to Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes
Authors: Xiao Ye Da , Huang Ya Yi , Wang Hua Xin , Wu Yang , Leng Yan , Liu Min , Sun Qian , Xia Zhong-Yuan
Published: October 2016

Kidney in diabetic state is more sensitive to ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we examined the impact of diabetes mellitus on thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and whether mediated NLRP3 activation was associated with renal ischemia/reperfusion‐ (I/R‐) induced AKI. In an in vivo model, streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats showed higher susceptibility to I/R injury with increased TXNIP expression, which was significantly attenuated by resveratrol (RES) treatment (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal daily injection for 7 consecutive days prior to I/R induction). RES treatment significantly inhibited TXNIP binding to NLRP3 in diabetic rats subjected to renal I/R injury. Furthermore, RES treatment significantly reduced cleaved caspase‐1 expression and production of IL‐1β and IL‐18. In an in vitro study using cultured human kidney proximal tubular cell (HK‐2 cells) in high glucose condition (HG, 30 mM) subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), HG combined H/R (HH/R) stimulated TXNIP expression which was accompanied by increased NLRP3 expression, ROS generation, caspase‐1 activity and IL‐1β levels, and aggravated HK‐2 cells apoptosis. All these changes were significantly attenuated by TXNIP RNAi and RES treatment. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TXNIP‐mediated NLRP3 activation through oxidative stress is a key signaling mechanism in the susceptibility to AKI in diabetic models.
A Computational Model of Peripheral Photocoagulation for the Prevention of Progressive Diabetic Capillary Occlusion
Authors: Gast Thomas J. , Fu Xiao , Gens John Scott , Glazier James A.
Published: October 2016

We developed a computational model of the propagation of retinal ischemia in diabetic retinopathy and analyzed the consequences of various patterns and sizes of burns in peripheral retinal photocoagulation. The model addresses retinal ischemia as a phenomenon of adverse local feedback in which once a capillary is occluded there is an elevated probability of occlusion of adjacent capillaries resulting in enlarging areas of retinal ischemia as is commonly seen clinically. Retinal burns of different sizes and patterns, treated as local oxygen sources, are predicted to have different effects on the propagation of retinal ischemia. The patterns of retinal burns are optimized with regard to minimization of the sum of the photocoagulated retina and computer predicted ischemic retina. Our simulations show that certain patterns of retinal burns are effective at preventing the spatial spread of ischemia by creating oxygenated boundaries across which the ischemia does not propagate. This model makes no statement about current PRP treatment of avascular peripheral retina and notes that the usual spot sizes used in PRP will not prevent ischemic propagation in still vascularized retinal areas. The model seems to show that a properly patterned laser treatment of still vascularized peripheral retina may be able to prevent or at least constrain the propagation of diabetic retinal ischemia in those retinal areas with intact capillaries.
Combat Network Synchronization of UCAV Formation Based on RTBA Model
Authors: Ruan Chengwei , Yang Haiyan , Yu Lei , Kou Yingxin
Published: October 2016

The paper aims at developing an efficient method to acquire a proper UCAV formation structure with robust and synchronized features. Here we introduce the RTBA (Route Temporary Blindness Avoidance) model to keep the structure stable and the HPSO (hybrid particle swarm optimization) method is given to find an optimal synchronized formation. The major contributions include the following: (1) setting up the dynamic hierarchy topologic structure of UCAV formation; (2) the RTB phenomenon is described and the RTBA model is put forward; (3) the node choosing rules are used to keep the invulnerability of the formation and the detective information quantifying method is given to measure the effectiveness of the connected nodes; and (4) the hybrid particle swarm optimization method is given to find an optimal synchronized topologic structure. According to the related principles and models, the simulations are given in the end, and the results show that the simplification of the model is available in engineering, and the RTBA model is useful to solve the real problems in combat in some degree.
Determining the Surfactant Consistent with Concrete in order to Achieve the Maximum Possible Dispersion of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Keeping the Plain Concrete Properties
Authors: Adresi Mostafa , Hassani Abolfazl , Javadian Soheila , Tulliani Jean-Marc
Published: October 2016

A new surfactant combination compatible with concrete formulation is proposed to avoid unwanted air bubbles created during mixing process in the absence of a defoamer and to achieve the uniform and the maximum possible dispersion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in water and subsequently in concrete. To achieve this goal, three steps have been defined: (1) concrete was made with different types and amount of surfactants containing a constant amount of MWCNTs (0.05 wt%) and the air bubbles were eliminated with a proper defoamer. (2) Finding a compatible surfactant with concrete compositions and eliminating unwanted air bubbles in the absence of a common defoamer are of fundamental importance to significantly increase concrete mechanical properties. In this step, the results showed that the polycarboxylate superplasticizer (SP-C) (as a compatible surfactant) dispersed MWCNTs worse than SDS/DTAB but unwanted air bubbles were removed, so the defoamer can be omitted in the mixing process. (3) To solve the problem, a new compatible surfactant composition was developed and different ratios of surfactants were tested and evaluated by means of performance criteria mentioned above. The results showed that the new surfactant composition (SDS and SP-C) can disperse MWCNTs around 24% more efficiently than the other surfactant compositions.
Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Growth Hormone Deficiency in India
Authors: John Mathew , Koledova Ekaterina , Kumar Kanakatte Mylariah Prasanna , Chaudhari Harshal
Published: October 2016

In clinical practice, every year approximately 150,000 children are referred with short stature (SS) based on a cut-off of fifth percentile. The most important endocrine and treatable cause of SS is growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The lack of reliable data on the prevalence of GHD in India limits estimation of the magnitude of this problem. The diagnosis and treatment of GHD are hurdled with various challenges, restricting the availability of growth hormone (GH) therapy to only a very limited segment of the children in India. This review will firstly summarize the gaps and challenges in diagnosis and treatment of GHD based on literature analysis. Subsequently, it presents suggestions from the members at advisory board meetings to overcome these challenges. The advisory board suggested that early initiation of the therapy could better the chances of achieving final adult height within the normal range for the population. Education and awareness about growth disorders among parents, regular training for physicians, and more emphasis on using the Indian growth charts for growth monitoring would help improve the diagnosis and treatment of children with GHD. Availability of an easy-to-use therapy delivery system could also be beneficial in improving adherence and achieving satisfactory outcomes.
Elevated Omentin Serum Levels Predict Long-Term Survival in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Luedde Mark , Benz Fabian , Niedeggen Jennifer , Vucur Mihael , Hippe Hans-Joerg , Spehlmann Martina E. , Schueller Florian , Loosen Sven , Frey Norbert , Trautwein Christian , Koch Alexander , Luedde Tom , Tacke Frank , Roderburg Christoph
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Omentin, a recently described adipokine, was shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory and infectious diseases. However, its role in critical illness and sepsis is currently unknown. Materials and Methods. Omentin serum concentrations were measured in 117 ICU-patients (84 with septic and 33 with nonseptic disease etiology) admitted to the medical ICU. Results were compared with 50 healthy controls. Results. Omentin serum levels of critically ill patients at admission to the ICU or after 72 hours of ICU treatment were similar compared to healthy controls. Moreover, circulating omentin levels were independent of sepsis and etiology of critical illness. Notably, serum concentrations of omentin could not be linked to concentrations of inflammatory cytokines or routinely used sepsis markers. While serum levels of omentin were not predictive for short term survival during ICU treatment, low omentin concentrations were an independent predictor of patients’ overall survival. Omentin levels strongly correlated with that of other adipokines (e.g., leptin receptor or adiponectin), which have also been identified as prognostic markers in critical illness. Conclusions. Although circulating omentin levels did not differ between ICU-patients and controls, elevated omentin levels were predictive for an impaired patients’ long term survival.
Renalase as a Novel Biomarker for Evaluating the Severity of Hepatic Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Li Huili , Guo Jianrong , Liu Hongli , Niu Yanfeng , Wang Lixia , Huang Kun , Wang Jiliang
Published: October 2016

Hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious complication in clinical practice. However, no efficient biomarkers are available for the evaluation of the severity of I/R injury. Recently, renalase has been reported to be implicated in the I/R injury of various organs. This protein is secreted into the blood in response to increased oxidative stress. To investigate the responsiveness of renalase to oxidative stress, we examined the changes of renalase in cell and mouse models. We observed a significant increase of renalase expression in HepG2 cells in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner when treated with H2O2. Renalase expression also increased significantly in liver tissues that underwent the hepatic I/R process. The increased renalase levels could be efficiently suppressed by antioxidants in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, serum renalase levels were significantly increased in the mouse models and also efficiently suppressed by antioxidants treatment. The variation trends are consistent between renalase and liver enzymes in the mouse models. In conclusion, renalase is highly sensitive and responsive to oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, renalase can be detected in the blood. These properties make renalase a highly promising biomarker for the evaluation of the severity of hepatic I/R injury.
Weighted Time-Band Approximation Model for Flight Operations Recovery considering Simplex Group Cycle Approaches in China
Authors: Xu Haiwen , Han Songchen
Published: October 2016

The time-band approximation model for flight operations recovery following disruption (Bard, Yu, Arguello, IIE Transactions, 33, 931–947, 2001) is constructed by partitioning the recovery period into time bands and by approximating the delay costs associated with the possible flight connections. However, for disruptions occurring in a hub-and-spoke network, a large number of possible flight connections are constructed throughout the entire flight schedule, so as to obtain the approximate optimal. In this paper, we show the application of the simplex group cycle approach to hub-and-spoke airlines in China, along with the related weighted threshold necessary for controlling the computation time and the flight disruption scope and depth. Subsequently, we present the weighted time-band approximation model for flight operations recovery, which incorporates the simplex group cycle approach. Simple numerical experiments using actual data from Air China show that the weighted time-band approximation model is feasible, and the results of stochastic experiments using actual data from Sichuan Airlines show that the flight disruption and computation time are controlled by the airline operations control center, which aims to achieve a balance between the flight disruption scope and depth, computation time, and recovery value.
Increases in Retrograde Injury Signaling Complex-Related Transcripts in Central Axons following Injury
Authors: Pathak Gunja K. , Ornstein Hannah , Aranda-Espinoza Helim , Karlsson Amy J. , Shah Sameer B.
Published: October 2016

Axons in the peripheral nervous system respond to injury by activating retrograde injury signaling (RIS) pathways, which promote local axonal protein synthesis (LPS) and neuronal regeneration. RIS is also initiated following injury of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). However, regulation of the localization of axonal mRNA required for LPS is not well understood. We used a hippocampal explant system to probe the regulation of axonal levels of RIS-associated transcripts following axonal injury. Axonal levels of importinβ1 and RanBP1 were elevated biphasically at 1 and 24 hrs after axotomy. Transcript levels forβ-actin, a prototypic axonally synthesized protein, were similarly elevated. Our data suggest differential regulation of axonal transcripts. At 1 hr after injury, deployment of actinomycin revealed that RanBP1, but not importinβ1, requires de novo mRNA synthesis. At 24 hrs after injury, use of importazole revealed that the second wave of increased axonal mRNA levels required importinβ-mediated nuclear import. We also observed increased importinβ1 axonal protein levels at 1 and 6 hrs after injury. RanBP1 levels and vimentin levels fluctuated but were unchanged at 3 and 6 hrs after injury. This study revealed temporally complex regulation of axonal transcript levels, and it has implications for understanding neuronal response to injury in the CNS.
Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer, Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Macular Thickness in Eyes with Myopicβ-Zone Parapapillary Atrophy
Authors: Kwon Jin-woo , Choi Jin A. , Kim Jung-sub , La Tae Yoon
Published: October 2016

Purpose. To assess the correlations of myopicβ-zone parapapillary atrophy (β-PPA) with the optic nerve head (ONH) and retina.Methods. We selected 27 myopic patients who showed prominentβ-PPA in one eye and noβ-PPA in the other eye. We studied their macula, macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness, and ONH parameters using optical coherence tomography.Results. The average of five out of six sectors and minimum values of mGCIPL thicknesses in eyes with prominentβ-PPA discs were significantly less than those of the control eyes. The results of clock-hour sector analyses showed significant differences for pRNFL thickness in one sector. In the ONH analyses, no significant difference was observed between myopicβ-PPA and control eyes. The macular thickness of theβ-PPA eyes was thinner than control eyes in all sectors. There was a significant difference between the two groups in three sectors (the inner superior macula, inner temporal macula, and inner inferior macula) but there was no significant difference in the other sectors, including the fovea.Conclusions. The myopicβ-PPA eyes showed thinner mGCIPL, parafovea, and partial pRNFL layers compared with myopic eyes withoutβ-PPA.
Changes in the Expression of Biofilm-Associated Surface Proteins inStaphylococcus aureusFood-Environmental Isolates Subjected to Sublethal Concentrations of Disinfectants
Authors: Cincarova Lenka , Polansky Ondrej , Babak Vladimir , Kulich Pavel , Kralik Petr
Published: October 2016

Sublethal concentrations (sub-MICs) of certain disinfectants are no longer effective in removing biofilms from abiotic surfaces and can even promote the formation of biofilms. Bacterial cells can probably adapt to these low concentrations of disinfectants and defend themselves by way of biofilm formation. In this paper, we report on threeStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm formers (strong B+++, moderate B++, and weak B+) that were cultivated with sub-MICs of commonly used disinfectants, ethanol or chloramine T, and quantified using Syto9 green fluorogenic nucleic acid stain. We demonstrate that 1.25–2.5% ethanol and 2500 μg/mL chloramine T significantly enhancedS. aureusbiofilm formation. To visualize differences in biofilm compactness betweenS. aureusbiofilms in control medium, 1.25% ethanol, or 2500 μg/mL chloramine T, scanning electron microscopy was used. To describe changes in abundance of surface-exposed proteins in ethanol- or chloramine T-treated biofilms, surface proteins were prepared using a novel trypsin shaving approach and quantified after dimethyl labeling by LC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS. Our data show that some proteins with adhesive functions and others with cell maintenance functions and virulence factor EsxA were significantly upregulated by both treatments. In contrast, immunoglobulin-binding protein A was significantly downregulated for both disinfectants. Significant differences were observed in the effect of the two disinfectants on the expression of surface proteins including some adhesins, foldase protein PrsA, and two virulence factors.
Effectiveness of Clavicula Pro Humero Reconstruction for Elderly Patients: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Okimatsu Sho , Kamoda Hiroto , Yonemoto Tsukasa , Iwata Shintaro , Ishii Takeshi
Published: October 2016

Clavicula pro humero (CPH) reconstruction is a method that is used after proximal humeral excision. During CPH reconstruction, the ipsilateral clavicle is rotated downward and connected to the preserved distal humerus by using plates and screws. This method is frequently used for reconstruction surgeries involving young patients and has positive outcomes. In this study, we describe two cases of CPH reconstruction that were performed on elderly individuals after wide resection of the proximal humerus; postoperative results from these surgeries were satisfactory. The average Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) functional score after surgery was 68.5%, indicating that CPH reconstruction is suitable for not only younger but also elderly patients, particularly those over the age of 65 years.
Insights into Adherence among a Cohort of Adolescents Aged 12–20 Years in South Africa: Reported Barriers to Antiretroviral Treatment
Authors: Maskew Mhairi , Fox Matthew P. , Evans Denise , Govindasamy Darshini , Jamieson Lise , Malete Given , Mongwenyana Constance , Technau Karl
Published: October 2016

Adolescents experience disproportionately high rates of poor ART outcomes compared to adults despite prolonged use of antiretroviral therapy in Southern African treatment programs, presenting a significant challenge to national attempts to meet the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets for 2020. This cohort study among adolescents aged 12–20 years accessing ART care at two urban public-sector clinics in Johannesburg between September and November 2013 aimed to identify factors potentially associated with poor attendance at clinic visits. Patients were followed up through routine medical records to identify missed visits (failing to attend clinic within 30 days of scheduled visit date) up to 2 years after enrolment. We enrolled 126 adolescents on ART for a median of 6.3 years (IQR: 2.7–8.4). A total of 47 (38%) adolescents missed a scheduled visit within 24 months of enrolment. Older adolescents (18–20 years) were more likely to miss a visit compared to adolescents aged 12–14 years (risk ratio (RR) = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.00–2.95). Those who were identified to have difficulty in taking medication (RR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.13–2.18) as a barrier to care were more likely to miss a visit compared to adolescents who did not. Awareness of treatment fatigue, challenges to taking ART, and caregiver difficulties is important when considering interventions to improve treatment outcomes among adolescents.
Surgical Management of Life-Threatening Thyroid Haematoma following Occult Blunt Neck Trauma
Authors: Ved Ronak , Patel Neil , Stechman Michael
Published: October 2016

A 42-year-old man arrived at the emergency department in severe respiratory distress, requiring immediate intubation and ventilation. An emergency computed tomography (CT) neck scan identified a substantial haematoma within a multinodular goitre, necessitating an emergency total thyroidectomy. It was later discovered that the patient had been the victim of an assault involving blunt trauma to the anterior neck. Five days postoperatively the patient was extubated and was well enough to self-discharge the following day. Pathology revealed the lesion to be a ruptured follicular adenoma within his multinodular goitre. Signs of this rare but life-threatening condition may be subtle on initial presentation, particularly if the patient is obtunded. Patients with suspected blunt neck trauma should be observed for signs of respiratory distress. If this develops, the patient should be intubated to facilitate CT scan, and if thyroid haematoma is confirmed, emergency thyroidectomy is the definitive treatment.
Dose-Dependent Differential Effect of Neurotrophic Factors on In Vitro and In Vivo Regeneration of Motor and Sensory Neurons
Authors: Santos Daniel , Gonzalez-Perez Francisco , Navarro Xavier , del Valle Jaume
Published: October 2016

Although peripheral axons can regenerate after nerve transection and repair, functional recovery is usually poor due to inaccurate reinnervation. Neurotrophic factors promote directional guidance to regenerating axons and their selective application may help to improve functional recovery. Hence, we have characterized in organotypic cultures of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia the effect of GDNF, FGF-2, NGF, NT-3, and BDNF at different concentrations on motor and sensory neurite outgrowth. In vitro results show that GDNF and FGF-2 enhanced both motor and sensory neurite outgrowth, NGF and NT-3 were the most selective to enhance sensory neurite outgrowth, and high doses of BDNF selectively enhanced motor neurite outgrowth. Then, NGF, NT-3, and BDNF (as the most selective factors) were delivered in a collagen matrix within a silicone tube to repair the severed sciatic nerve of rats. Quantification of Fluorogold retrolabeled neurons showed that NGF and NT-3 did not show preferential effect on sensory regeneration whereas BDNF preferentially promoted motor axons regeneration. Therefore, the selective effects of NGF and NT-3 shown in vitro are lost when they are applied in vivo, but a high dose of BDNF is able to selectively enhance motor neuron regeneration both in vitro and in vivo.
Analysis of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of the Diploid CottonGossypium raimondiiby Comparative Genomics Approaches
Authors: Bi Changwei , Paterson Andrew H. , Wang Xuelin , Xu Yiqing , Wu Dongyang , Qu Yanshu , Jiang Anna , Ye Qiaolin , Ye Ning
Published: October 2016

Cotton is one of the most important economic crops and the primary source of natural fiber and is an important protein source for animal feed. The complete nuclear and chloroplast (cp) genome sequences ofG. raimondiiare already available but not mitochondria. Here, we assembled the complete mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence ofG. raimondiiinto a circular genome of length of 676,078 bp and performed comparative analyses with other higher plants. The genome contains 39 protein-coding genes, 6 rRNA genes, and 25 tRNA genes. We also identified four larger repeats (63.9 kb, 10.6 kb, 9.1 kb, and 2.5 kb) in this mt genome, which may be active in intramolecular recombination in the evolution of cotton. Strikingly, nearly all of theG. raimondiimt genome has been transferred to nucleus on Chr1, and the transfer event must be very recent. Phylogenetic analysis reveals thatG. raimondii, as a member of Malvaceae, is much closer to another cotton (G. barbadense) than other rosids, and the clade formed by twoGossypiumspecies is sister to Brassicales. TheG. raimondiimt genome may provide a crucial foundation for evolutionary analysis, molecular biology, and cytoplasmic male sterility in cotton and other higher plants.
Application of Machine Learning Approaches for Classifying Sitting Posture Based on Force and Acceleration Sensors
Authors: Zemp Roland , Tanadini Matteo , Plüss Stefan , Schnüriger Karin , Singh Navrag B. , Taylor William R. , Lorenzetti Silvio
Published: October 2016

Occupational musculoskeletal disorders, particularly chronic low back pain (LBP), are ubiquitous due to prolonged static sitting or nonergonomic sitting positions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an instrumented chair with force and acceleration sensors to determine the accuracy of automatically identifying the user’s sitting position by applying five different machine learning methods (Support Vector Machines, Multinomial Regression, Boosting, Neural Networks, and Random Forest). Forty-one subjects were requested to sit four times in seven different prescribed sitting positions (total 1148 samples). Sixteen force sensor values and the backrest angle were used as the explanatory variables (features) for the classification. The different classification methods were compared by means of a Leave-One-Out cross-validation approach. The best performance was achieved using the Random Forest classification algorithm, producing a mean classification accuracy of 90.9% for subjects with which the algorithm was not familiar. The classification accuracy varied between 81% and 98% for the seven different sitting positions. The present study showed the possibility of accurately classifying different sitting positions by means of the introduced instrumented office chair combined with machine learning analyses. The use of such novel approaches for the accurate assessment of chair usage could offer insights into the relationships between sitting position, sitting behaviour, and the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.
Combined Application of Ultrasound and CT Increased Diagnostic Value in Female Patients with Pelvic Masses
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Hui , Li Xiaoqian , Qi Guiqin
Published: October 2016

Purpose. The current study aimed to evaluate whether combined application of ultrasound and CT had increased Diagnostic Value in Female Patients with Pelvic Masses over either method alone. Patients and Methods. 240 female patients with pelvic masses were detected preoperatively with ultrasound and CT prior to surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasound, CT, and combined ultrasound/CT application were evaluated, respectively. Results. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasound were 52.8%, 86.7%, and 68.75%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT were 80.3%, 90.3%, and 85%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined application of ultrasound and CT were 89%, 94.7%, and 91.7%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of combined application of ultrasound and CT were higher than those of either ultrasound or CT. Conclusions. The combined application of ultrasound and CT had higher Diagnostic Value in Female Patients with Pelvic Masses than either method alone.
Research on the Competitive Strategy of Cross-Border E-Commerce Comprehensive Pilot Area Based on the Spatial Competition
Authors: Lu Bo , Wang Huipo
Published: October 2016

By now, 13 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot areas have been approved by the State Council of China; Dalian and Tianjin are two of them. But with the development of the construction of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot areas, the competition between those pilot areas is inevitable. Dalian and Tianjin are located in the Bohai Sea and the distance between them is only 800 kilometers. For Dalian and Tianjin they are in thus competitive situations: first they have to compete with each other; second since they are located in Bohai Sea (North China), they have to compete with other cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot areas (South China). In this paper, our aim is to build models to provide best price strategies for these two cities. Based on the two-sided market theory and the geographical position, this paper builds two competitive theory models. Through the analyzing of the equilibrium, we get two main results: (1) according to different service area, the cities (Dalian and Tianjin) should have different price; (2) the two-sided market characters have an impact on their strategies.
Impact-Induced Delamination Detection of Composites Based on Laser Ultrasonic Zero-Lag Cross-Correlation Imaging
Authors: An Yun-Kyu
Published: October 2016

This paper presents impact-induced delamination visualization by zero-lag cross-correlation (ZLCC) imaging computed using fully noncontact laser scanned ultrasonic wavefields. The proposed technique enables instantaneous visualizing of invisible delamination of composite materials without any sensor installation. Moreover, it provides robust damage diagnosis without comparing with baseline data obtained from the undamaged condition of a target structure, making it possible to minimize false alarms. First, the existence of internal delamination-induced standing waves is proven by employing a finite element analysis. Then, how ZLCC can physically isolate and visualize only the standing wave feature from the measured ultrasonic wavefields is shown. To experimentally validate the proposed technique, a fully noncontact laser ultrasonic imaging system is introduced, and the internal delamination is visualized by laser scanning in a graphite fiber composite plate. The experimental results reveal that hidden delamination is successfully and automatically visualized and quantified without any users’ intervention.
Multilayer Brightness Temperature Tracing Method for Rough Surface Scene Simulation in Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging
Authors: Yin Chuan , Zhang Ming , Bo Yaming
Published: October 2016

Simulation in passive millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging of rough surfaces is an indispensable step in the simulation in passive radiation imaging, especially for the rough surfaces of different roughness surfaces. However, little attention has been paid to the simulation of rough surface; based on the existing model of brightness temperature tracing described in previous work, diffused reflection of the rough surface is taken into account in the improved model which is presented in this paper. In the paper, the brightness temperature tracing model of different roughness surfaces has been established. Then, we present a method called multilayer brightness temperature tracing (MBTT) method to obtain the radiation brightness temperature of rough surface. Hence, the discrimination of brightness temperature tracing method is enhanced.
A Note on Discrete Multitime Recurrences of Samuelson-Hicks Type
Authors: Pansera Bruno Antonio , Strati Francesco
Published: October 2016

By this work, we aim at fostering further research on the applications of multitime recurrences. In particular, we shall apply this method by generalizing the Samuelson-Hicks model so as to make the new concept of time that this method proposes clear. In particular, the multitime approach decomposes a point of time into a vector, taking into account how different coordinates of time referring to the same date can affect the dynamics of a model.
Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Mimicking Pancreatic Cancer: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Sciancalepore Daniela , Musci Sergio , Fracella Maria Rosaria , D’Alesio Grazia , Sportelli Azzurra , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Vacca Angelo , Ria Roberto
Published: October 2016

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell tumor that homes to and expands in the bone marrow and that, despite the new available drugs, remains incurable. Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a not frequent manifestation during the natural history of multiple myeloma and is frequently associated with plasma cell bone marrow infiltration. The most common locations for an EMP include the gastrointestinal tract, pleura, testis, skin, peritoneum, liver, endocrine glands, and lymph nodes. Primary involvement of the gallbladder fossa is exceedingly rare. In this report, we describe a patient with multiple myeloma who achieved a clinical and serological remission after autologous transplant but progressed rapidly at extramedullary site mimicking a second cancer (i.e., pancreatic or biliary cancer). In this case, the extramedullary localization was refractory to standard therapy, differently from bone marrow localization, but responded to lymphoma-like therapy. In this patient (i) the particular site of developing plasmacytoma is the gallbladder fossa, (ii) the timing of onset of this neoplasm is immediately after autologous transplant, and (iii) its disjunction from primary myeloma is that it appears in clinical and serological remission phase which may be confounding during the diagnostic approach simulating a different tumor (solid tumor).
Defining Scheduling Problems for Key Resources in Energy-Efficient Port Service Systems
Authors: Chang Daofang , Fang Ting , He Junliang , Lin Danping
Published: October 2016

This paper addresses the problem of key resource scheduling of container terminals for energy-efficient operation. A combination of key resource scheduling and energy-efficient operation in container terminals is firstly described. An energy-efficient evaluation model of the key resource scheduling is then proposed. The objective set, decision variable set, and constraint set of key resource scheduling of a container terminal for energy-efficient operation are established in this paper. At the same time, their mapping relationship is carefully analyzed and the system structure of the key resource scheduling for energy-efficient operation of a container terminal is finally proposed.
Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 Conjugation Stimulates Hepatitis B Virus Production Independent of Type I Interferon Signaling PathwayIn Vitro
Authors: Li Yujia , Li Shilin , Duan Xiaoqiong , Chen Yanzhao , Jiao Baihai , Ye Haiyan , Yao Min , Chen Limin
Published: October 2016

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important account of infectious hepatitis and interferon (IFN) remains one of the best treatment options. Activation of type I IFN signaling pathway leads to expressions of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) which play important roles in antiviral and immunomodulatory responses to HBV or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Our previous studies indicated that ISG15 and its conjugation (ISGylation) were exploited by HCV to benefit its replication and persistent infection. This study was designed to assess the role of ISG15 and ISGylation in HBV infectionin vitro. The levels of ISG15 and ISGylation were upregulated by ISG15 plasmid transfection into HepG2.2.15 cells. Decreased ISGylation was achieved by siRNA targeting UBE1L, the only E1 activating enzyme for ISGylation. Overexpression of ISG15 and subsequent ISGylation significantly increased the levels of HBV DNA in the culture supernatants although the intracellular viral replication remained unaffected. Silencing UBE1L, with decreased ISGylation achieved, abrogated this ISGylation-mediated promoting effect. Our data indicated that overexpression of ISG15 stimulated HBV production in an ISGylation-dependent manner. Identification of ISG15-conjugated proteins (either HBV viral or host proteins) may reveal promising candidates for further antiviral drug development.
Compressive Sensing in Signal Processing: Algorithms and Transform Domain Formulations
Authors: Orović Irena , Papić Vladan , Ioana Cornel , Li Xiumei , Stanković Srdjan
Published: October 2016

Compressive sensing has emerged as an area that opens new perspectives in signal acquisition and processing. It appears as an alternative to the traditional sampling theory, endeavoring to reduce the required number of samples for successful signal reconstruction. In practice, compressive sensing aims to provide saving in sensing resources, transmission, and storage capacities and to facilitate signal processing in the circumstances when certain data are unavailable. To that end, compressive sensing relies on the mathematical algorithms solving the problem of data reconstruction from a greatly reduced number of measurements by exploring the properties of sparsity and incoherence. Therefore, this concept includes the optimization procedures aiming to provide the sparsest solution in a suitable representation domain. This work, therefore, offers a survey of the compressive sensing idea and prerequisites, together with the commonly used reconstruction methods. Moreover, the compressive sensing problem formulation is considered in signal processing applications assuming some of the commonly used transformation domains, namely, the Fourier transform domain, the polynomial Fourier transform domain, Hermite transform domain, and combined time-frequency domain.
Effect of Mg Content and Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Low Pressure Die-Cast 380 Alloy
Authors: Morin S. , Elgallad E. M. , Doty H. W. , Valtierra S. , Samuel F. H.
Published: October 2016

The present study was carried out on a 380 alloy containing 9.13% Si, 3.22% Cu, 1.01% Fe, 0.06% Mg, 0.16% Mn, and 2.28% Zn. The magnesium level was increased to 0.3 and 0.55%, by adding pure Mg to the melt. Tensile and fatigue samples were produced using low pressure die casting. The results show that the average dendrite arm spacing was about 6 μm. Increasing the amount of Mg from 0.06% to 0.55% increased the volume fraction ofπ-Al8Mg3FeSi6and Q-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6phases from 0.8% to 1.7%. Following solutionizing at 490°C for 8 h, the maximum ultimate tensile strength was obtained from alloys containing 0.3% Mg. Further increases in Mg content resulted in an increase in the amount of insoluble intermetallics and, hence, low tensile strength. Aging at 155°C for times up to 25 h resulted in a linear increase in the alloy strength regardless of the amount of added Mg. Aging at 220°C, however, revealed multiple peaks corresponding to the precipitation of various phases. A good relation between the applied force and the number of cycles prior to failure was established. The alloy containing 0.3% Mg produced the best fatigue resistance. The effect of porosity was more pronounced on the fatigue samples than on the tensile bars.
An Analytically Tractable Model for Pricing Multiasset Options with Correlated Jump-Diffusion Equity Processes and a Two-Factor Stochastic Yield Curve
Authors: Guillaume Tristan
Published: October 2016

This paper shows how to value multiasset options analytically in a modeling framework that combines both continuous and discontinuous variations in the underlying equity or foreign exchange processes and a stochastic, two-factor yield curve. All correlations are taken into account, between the factors driving the yield curve, between fixed income and equity as asset classes, and between the individual equity assets themselves. The valuation method is applied to three of the most popular two-asset options.
Effects of Tactile Sensitivity on Structural Variability of Digit Forces during Stable Precision Grip
Authors: Li Ke , Wei Na , Yue Shouwei
Published: October 2016

This study investigated the effects of fingertip tactile sensitivity on the structural variability of thumb and index finger forces during stable precision grip. Thirty right-handed healthy subjects participated in the experiment. Transient perturbation of tactile afferents was achieved by wrapping up the distal pads of the thumb or index finger with transparent polyethylene films. The time-dependent structure of each digit force and the variability of interdigit force correlation were examined by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA), respectively. Results showed that the tactile sensitivity affectedαDFAof the vertical shear forceFx(F3,239= 6.814,p<0.001) andαDCCAofFx(χ2= 16.440,p<0.001). No significant difference was observed inαDFAorαDCCAof the normal forces produced by the thumb or index finger. These results suggested that with blurred tactile sensory inputs the central nervous system might decrease the vertical shear force flexibility and increase the interdigit shear force coupling in order to guarantee a stable grip control of an object against gravity. This study shed light on the feedback and feed-forward strategies involved in digit force control and the role of SA-II afferent fibers in regulation of vertical shear force variability for precision grip.
A Study on Estimating the Next Failure Time of Compressor Equipment in an Offshore Plant
Authors: Cho SangJe , Shin Jong-Ho , Jun Hong-Bae , Hwang Ho-Jin , Ha Chunghun , Hwang Jinsang
Published: October 2016

The offshore plant equipment usually has a long life cycle. During its O&M (Operation and Maintenance) phase, since the accidental occurrence of offshore plant equipment causes catastrophic damage, it is necessary to make more efforts for managing critical offshore equipment. Nowadays, due to the emerging ICTs (Information Communication Technologies), it is possible to send health monitoring information to administrator of an offshore plant, which leads to much concern on CBM (Condition-Based Maintenance). This study introduces three approaches for predicting the next failure time of offshore plant equipment (gas compressor) with case studies, which are based on finite state continuous time Markov model, linear regression method, and their hybrid model.
Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury Formula for Linear Integrodifferential Equations
Authors: Wu Feng
Published: October 2016

The well-known Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula is a powerful device for calculating the inverse of a square matrix. The paper finds that the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula can be extended to the linear integrodifferential equation, which results in an unified scheme to decompose the linear integrodifferential equation into sets of differential equations and one integral equation. Two examples are presented to illustrate the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula for the linear integrodifferential equation.
Forecasting Method for Urban Rail Transit Ridership at Station Level Using Back Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Li Junfang , Yao Minfeng , Fu Qian
Published: October 2016

Direct forecasting method for Urban Rail Transit (URT) ridership at the station level is not able to reflect nonlinear relationship between ridership and its predictors. Also, population is inappropriately expressed in this method since it is not uniformly distributed by area. In this paper, a new variable, population per distance band, is considered and a back propagation neural network (BPNN) model which can reflect nonlinear relationship between ridership and its predictors is proposed to forecast ridership. Key predictors are obtained through partial correlation analysis. The performance of the proposed model is compared with three other benchmark models, which are linear model with population per distance band, BPNN model with total population, and linear model with total population, using four measures of effectiveness (MOEs), maximum relative error (MRE), smallest relative error (SRE), average relative error (ARE), and mean square root of relative error (MSRRE). Also, another model for contribution rate of population per distance band to ridership is formulated based on the BPNN model with nonpopulation variables fixed. Case studies with Japanese data show that BPNN model with population per distance band outperforms other three models and the contribution rate of population within special distance band to ridership calculated through the contribution rate model is 70%~92.9% close to actual statistical value. The result confirms the effectiveness of models proposed in this paper.
Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Heavy-Ion Collisions: General Aspects and Recent Developments
Authors: Jaiswal Amaresh , Roy Victor
Published: October 2016

Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Essential ingredients of the model such as the hydrodynamic evolution equations, dissipation, initial conditions, equation of state, and freeze-out process are reviewed. We discuss observable quantities such as particle spectra and anisotropic flow and effect of viscosity on these observables. Recent developments such as event-by-event fluctuations, flow in small systems (proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions), flow in ultracentral collisions, longitudinal fluctuations, and correlations and flow in intense magnetic field are also discussed.
Design of a Class F Power Amplifier With 60% Efficiency at 1800 MHz Frequency
Authors: Babapour Neda , Javidan Javad
Published: October 2016

Based on the portable systems application, it is necessary to design blocks with high efficiency to increase battery lifetime. Power amplifier is the highest power consumption block in transmitter. The proposed circuit was simulated using ADS Agilent based on 0.18 μm TSMC RF CMOS technology and supply voltage of 3.3V on transistor level. The proposed power amplifier was designed by Class F type at 1800 MHz with 60% efficiency and output powers of 30 dBm.
Organic Semiconductor and Transistor Electrical Characteristic Based on Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Safari Kianoosh , Rafiee Ali , Oskouei Hamidreza Dalili
Published: October 2016

We show that the performance of pentacene transistors can be significantly improved by maximizing the interfacial area at single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/pentacene. The interfacial areas are varied by anchoring short SWCNTs of different densities (0-30/μm) to the Pd electrodes. The mobility average is increased three, six and nine times for low, medium and high SWCNT densities, respectively, compared to the devices with zero SWCNT. The current on-off ratio and on-current are increased up to 40 times and 20 times with increasing the SWCNT density. We explain the improved device performance using reduced barrier height of SWCNT/pentacene interface.
Efficient Hardware Architecture for Cyclostationary Detector
Authors: Damodaram D , Venkateswarlu T
Published: October 2016

Cognitive radio is one of the modern techniques which is evolved for utilising the unused spread spectrum effectively in wireless communication. In cognitive radio system the foremost concept is sensing the holes (spaces) in the frequency spectrum allotted and it facilitates a way that how effectively and efficiently the bandwidth is used by finding the spectrum holes in a designated spectrum. There are various methods available for sensing the spectrum and one such a sensing method is cyclostationary detection.  The method of cyclostationary feature mainly focuses on detecting whether the primary user is present or absent. The threshold of a signal is calculated by cyclic cross-periodogram matrix of the corresponding signal to determine the presence of signal or noise. The difficulty in evaluating the targeted threshold is evaded by training an artificial neural network by extracted cyclostationary feature vectors which are obtained by FFT accumulation method. This paper proposes a hardware architecture for cyclostationary detection.