bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Polypharmacy among Elderly Patients
Authors: A. Abdulkader Manhal , N. Ali Azhaar , A. Yousif Sama , Hussein Soz M. , L. Salih Farman
Published: August 2023

Background: Medications play a key role in the treatment and prevention of disease. There are a variety of medical conditions and diseases that cannot be controlled treated or prevented solely by the use of one medication. This will mandate polypharmacy which is the use of more than one medication or a combination of drugs. Polypharmacy can cause many complications, the most important are drug-related problems that should be taken under consideration. Objectives: Our aim in this prospective cross-sectional study is to determine the prevalence of polypharmacy among selected elderly patients and to investigate the factors associated with polypharmacy use. The patient is considered to be exposed to polypharmacy if he is on five concurrent medications or more for the management of chronic diseases. Methods: Data collection was done by targeting elderly patients in the internal medicine ward of Azadi Hospital utilizing a structured data collection form which is specially designed to fit the goals of this study. Results: To estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy, the frequency and proportion (%) were presented. The Chi-square test was used to investigate the factors associated with polypharmacy. Significant p-value set at < 0.05. Polypharmacy prevalence indicates that 27% (n= 53) of elderly patients were receiving more than five medications for chronic use. Heart diseases are the most common to be followed by hypertension and diabetes subsequently. Diabetes mellitus has shown the highest association with polypharmacy compared to the other factors. The Chi-square test result for this risk factor is χ2 = 6.76., df = 1, p < 0.05. To be followed by heart diseases, and age. Other factors have no association with polypharmacy according to our current study results. Conclusion: An approach or care plan should be developed in all health care settings to decrease the exposure of elderly patients to poly-pharmacy. Reducing polypharmacy should focus on the groups that are most prone to it. According to our research results, elderly people and those who are being treated with drugs for cardiovascular disease, and diabetes are of high priority.
Assessment of Fear and Anxiety towards Covid 19 among Dental Students in Malaysian Private University
Authors: Yi Theng Lim , Yi Han Lim , Jing Er Ling , Chooi Joy Loh , Karthikeyan Priyadarshini , Kumaresan Ramesh , Mahadeva Rao Suganya , Selvaraj Siddharthan
Published: August 2023

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global pneumonia crisis of universal concern on January 30, 2020, because of the rapidly growing number of cases and evidence of human-to-human viral transmission. Dentists are more prone to get infected to covid 19 infection, in addition the sources of stress and anxiety for dentists during this crisis have been brought up, and they may be partially related to the elevated danger of exposure to COVID-19 while performing routine dental procedures. It would be helpful to assess the tension and anxiety that dental students experience when they return to their training in dental colleges in the COVID-19 period. Aim: To assess the level of fear and anxiety towards covid 19 among dental students in AIMST university. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 348 dental students by simple random sampling technique to evaluate the fear and anxiety level. The response to each question was recorded in a YES or NO format, Comparison of mean fear score was done using t-test for 2 variables and ANOVA for 3 or more than 3 variables. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was significant association between fear and gender towards Covid 19 among Dental Students terms of gender (P value <0.005). Furthermore, there was a significant association between anxiety and sociodemographic factors like gender and year of study towards Covid 19 among Dental Students terms of gender. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates cross-sectional data of fear and anxiety among dental students towards COVID-19. Our study findings showed that students were anxious and were afraid of covid 19. It can be said that it’s the right time to educate and instill knowledge on various infectious diseases and management strategies for the same.
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Rivaroxaban in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Jaya Sravani Garige , Ravi Kumar Pola , Padmavathi Yenumula , Raghavendra Babu Nayaka
Published: August 2023

Rivaroxaban (RIV) is an oral anticoagulant, used in the treatment of thromboembolic ailments, myocardial infarction, stroke, angina pectoris and various blood clotting related disorders. A sensitive RP-HPLC method was developed for the quantitative estimation of RIV in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form using Paracetamol as internal standard (IS). The separation of drug was achieved by C18 column using Acetonitrile and water as mobile phase at a ratio of 60:40%v/v with a flow rate and wavelength of 1ml/min and 254nm respectively. The retention time of RIV and IS were found to be 4.230 and 2.980 mins. The developed method was validated according to ICH (Q2)R1 guidelines over the concentration range of 100-500ng/ml. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 8.3325ng/ml and 25.25ng/ml. The method was found to be linear (R2=0.9992), specific, accurate, precised and robust.
Heavy Metal Analysis of the leaf extracts of some Indian Medicinal Plants from Western Maharashtra
Authors: Pawaskar S. M. , Khan S.
Published: August 2023

The investigation of heavy metals in herbal products is widely interesting in many countries over the world (China, India, Turkey, Poland, Germany, Australia etc.), where the herbal products have been used as “scientific medicines”. The heavy metal content of medicinal herb products is commonly studied from the viewpoint of toxicity and bioavailability. Heavy metals can be hazardous to human and animal health and thus their content in plants used for consumption or medicinal purposes must be limited and checked. For this reason upper limits for heavy metals have been set for foodstuffs and medicinal products by health authorities. In general, all medicinal products for human and animal use must meet regulatory guidelines for quality, safety, and efficacy. Heavy metal analysis of the extracts of leaves ofAegle marmelos (L.)Correa, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Annona squamosa Linn, Moringa oleifera Lam. and other plant parts of Musa paradisiaca L. andPunicagranatum L. was undertaken. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the extracts of the leaves and other plant parts of above mentioned medicinal plants showed no risk of heavy metal toxicity as most of the heavy metals analysed in these plant parts were well within the permissible levels, except for Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. which showed slightly higher levels of Chromium.
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Extended- Release Tablets of Carbamazepine
Authors: P. Gorle Ashish , N. Oza Pradnya , S. Shende Rutuja , A. Mahirrao Jayesh
Published: August 2023

The current work sets out to design and develop a carbamazepine (CBZ) extended-release tablet in the treatment of epilepsy using wet granulation technology. The tablets were prepared using HPMC K 100M and ethyl cellulose as hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers, respectively. The effect of the concentration of the polymer was studied. The studies indicated that the drug release can be modulated by varying the concentration of the polymer. Tapped density, bulk density, angle of repose, Hausner's ratio, and Carr's index were all calculated for powder blends. The prepared trial batches of tablets were first characterized for hardness, friability, weight variation, and drug content to select an optimized batch. An in-vitro dissolution study of the optimized batch (F4) was carried out in distilled water using a USP Type I (basket type) dissolution apparatus at 100rpm. The optimized formulation (F4) showed a drug content of 99.51%. In-vitro drug release of optimized formulation was found to be 88.10% in 24hours. The optimised formulation demonstrated release for up to 24 hours. The optimised formulation's stability was studied for three months at 40±2ºC/75±5% RH, 30±2ºC/65±5% RH, and 25±2ºC/60±5% RH, and the prepared tablets showed no remarkable effect from the stability study. The results suggest that the developed extended-release tablets of CBZ (400 mg) could perform as therapeutically equivalent alternatives to conventional dosage forms, leading to better patient compliance.
The effect of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on Histological Evaluations of Liver, Kidney and Adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced Obesity in Charles Foster male rats
Authors: Veena Veena , Verma Vandana , Ghosh Kar Amrita , Singh T. B. , Kumar Singh Santosh
Published: August 2023

Background: Honey's weight-reducing, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective properties have been demonstrated. Orlistat, a FDA-approved medicine for obesity control, have adverse effects. Honey is a rich source of nutrients with antiobesity (Medohara) and sacrificant (lekhan) qualities, which help to reduce Pitta, Kapha, and Medas; is suggested in diabetic control. In this study, Pauttika honey is studied against biochemical markers and histological manifestations in visceral organs of high-fat diet-induced obese Charles Foster rats. No research was identified on the effect of Pauttika honey (a specific kind of honey described in Ayurveda) on obese rats' liver, kidney, and adipose tissues. An article on the biochemical analysis of this honey (new and old ) has been already published. Objective: Evaluate the effects of Pauttika honey and Orlistat on high-fat diet-induced fatty changes in obese Charles Foster rats. Methods: This study examines male Charles Foster rat histopathological alterations. 24 male Charles Foster rats with a mean weight of 181±15gm were divided into four groups of six. High-fat diets (HFD) for 8 weeks caused obesity in three groups. After that, Pauttika honey mixed with equal amounts of water (Madudaka) and Orlistat were given to two groups for 6 weeks. The HFD was maintained throughout the experiment, except in the NC group, which ate standard chow. On the last day of the 14th week, the animals were sacrificed and the Liver, kidney, heart, spleen, and lungs were weighed. The liver, kidney, and adipose tissues were preserved in 10% formalin for histopathology. Results: Rats’ relative organ weight (ROW) showed no significant alterations. Histology of liver tissues showed micro and macro steatosis and ballooning degeneration in the HFD group, while Pauttika honey and orlistat both showed improvement in fatty changes but it was better in the Pauttika group. Kidney and adipose tissues showed no morphological or structural abnormalities. Conclusion: This study shows that Pauttika honey mixed with water (Madudaka) protects the livers of obese rats. Histology suggests Pauttika honey is efficacious and safer than Orlistat for HFD-induced obesity.
Investigating EFL Students Reading Preferences (Digital or Printed)
Authors: Larasati Finza , Adawiyah Dita , Gumartifa Asti
Published: August 2023

Reading is crucial to the process of learning a language. Students can use digital technology to support reading activities in today's modern culture. As a result of students' need for information in the digital age, digital text is now virtually everywhere. This study investigated EFL students reading preferences (digital or printed). The participants of this study were 102 EFL students from private universities in South Sumatera. The data was collected through 20 items of questionnaire distributed through google form.  Based on the result of the study, it could be concluded that first, most participants enjoy reading. They read for a variety of purposes, including to get the knowledge, to get information, to get the entertainment, and for other purposes. The second, the participants prefer reading digital texts. The practicality of the digital texts is the primary motivating factor why they chose it. They acknowledged that they do not need to hold thick texts or books while reading, they only need to bring their devices. Furthermore, they said one device can store and read multiple texts. They added that reading materials on digital devices are considerably more intriguing and enjoyable than those on printed. Third, the researchers noted that all readers—whether they preferred reading printed or digital texts—felt at comfortable with the reading equipment they had selected. . Finally, it is revealed from the data that most participants are more inspired to read when they use digital reading texts.
Methods of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Instruding Student Discipline Attitude
Authors: Yanuarti Eka , Amelia Lestari Reka Amelia Lestari , Komalasari Bakti
Published: August 2023

This research is motivated by instilling student discipline through the PAI teacher method at SMA Negeri 3 Lebong. The problem that often occurs is that there are still many students who are less disciplined in going to school. The aims of this study were: (1) To find out the methods of PAI teachers in instilling discipline in students at SMA Negeri 3 Lebong. (2) To find out what are the inhibiting factors and supporting factors for PAI teachers in instilling discipline in students at SMA Negeri 3 Lebong. This research is field research (Field Research) that is descriptive and qualitative in nature. The subjects of this study were Islamic Religious Education Teachers at SMA Negeri 3 Lebong, and students at SMA Negeri 3 Lebong. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Then the data analysis technique uses triangulation of sources and techniques (methods).
Samo Philosophy of Alisher Navo’i
Authors:   Fine Arts Institute of Academy of Science of Republic of Uzbekistan, Ibrohimov Oqilxon
Published: August 2023

Deep in content, harmonious in form the presentation of art works of the great uzbek poet and thinker Mir Alisher Navoiy leave an indelible impression in the heart of every reader. This phenomenon is far from acci-dental, since all the creations of the great thinker are permeated with the semantics of harmonious music - self. In fact, melodies and tunes that are pleasing to the human spirit are an integral part of Navoi’s poetic works. Therefore, an insightful reader in each of his works with his inner ear cap-tures the intonations of “hidden”, veiled (batin) music, and his literary he-roes sometimes vividly appear in the images of incomparable instrumental musicians and hafiz singers. At the same time, a great connoisseur of the science of the music of Navoi in his works often and skillfully uses many terms from the field of maqom art. All these factors, even more elevating their artistic significance, give them high artistic value. For, the creative heritage of the great Navoi is an invaluable source in the study of the histo-ry and philosophical concept of maqom.
Space and Silence as a Possible Form of It: Thoughts of a Literary Translator
Authors: Somló Ágnes
Published: August 2023

Space is often referred to as vacuum and sound cannot travel in it, thus the silence experienced in space. But based on Einstein’s thought scientists now found that space is not silent after all, it is full of vibrations and energy. “The universe is a musical that we've been watching all this time as a silent movie.”[1]   If our outer space is not silent what can be said of our other spaces defined as such in our everyday life for example space between letters in this paper? Silence in space is gaps between particles while gaps or blanks in other fields such as literature is part of the explanation reception theorists, Iser (2006) among them, give us to the question why we have different readings of the same text arguing that these gaps, in given parts of the text „trigger synthesizing operations in the reader’s mind “ as they “lead to collisions between  the individual ideas formed.” (p.66)  If space associated with silence is not silent than what will silence really mean in translation, which is bridging space between different cultures. We will see that silence as a certain form of appearance associated with all kinds of space is universal and at the same time culture-bound and, thus, it also acquires meaning in context while we try to capture and trace the different meanings and notions of it in different fields and consider it from a dialectical aspect as well.

 

[1] https://www.americanscientist.org/article/the-sounds-of-spacetime (12 11 2022)
Conception of Space in Two Late Nineteenth-Century Writers, Thomas Hardy and Josef Karel Šlejhar
Authors: Beran Zdeněk
Published: August 2023

The famous English novelist and poet Thomas Hardy and the little-known Czech short story writer Josef K. Šlejhar share a similar position in literary history, both being frequently, and rather inaccurately, discussed in the context of European naturalism. Though being partly influenced by the same ideas as the French naturalists, they both developed an individual mode of representation, especially in the way they structure the space of their fiction. The present paper attempts to analyse their approach and to demonstrate the fundamental difference of their conceptions. The prevailing form of space in Hardy is structured landscape where the nodal points are loci characterized by specific semantic density determining the issues the major characters are confronted with. Contrary to this, Šlejhar’s conception tends to present space as an exteriorizing projection of his characters’ situation, very often representing a moral dilemma of an individual or a community; due to this his space is less structured but more intense, deriving its meaning from the character, while in Hardy the process is reverse. The principal focus of the paper is thus on the semantics of the interaction between character and its environment or circumambient space.
Simulación hidrológica del caudal del estero Huillinco en la microcuenca agroforestal Huillinco (Chonchi, región de Los Lagos, Chile) bajo condiciones climáticas históricas y futuras.
Authors: Hormazabal Valderrama Victor , Vargas Rojas Victor , Abarca del Río Rodrigo , Garcia Torres Ignacio , Villalobos Volpi Enrique , Ulloa Contreras Héctor
Published: August 2023

La alteración del comportamiento de las precipitaciones es uno de los efectos más relevantes del cambio climático. Este modifica el balance y disponibilidad hídrica de las cuencas, disminuyendo la escorrentía superficial. En este trabajo se estima el comportamiento del caudal del estero Huillinco, en la microcuenca agroforestal homónima, de la comuna de Chonchi (Chiloé). Se simuló hidrológicamente la microcuenca en el periodo 1981-2100, usando el modelo y software WEAP (versión gratuita) y considerando el escenario de cambio climático SSP5-8.5. La información de entrada para estimar el caudal simulado provino de bases de datos, tanto in situ como de reanálisis cercano a la zona de estudio, así como de datos aproximados de consumo (habitantes y cultivos). Se crearon series temporales para la precipitación y temperatura con los datos in situ, que se usaron como base para una corrección de sesgo para ERA5-Land (histórico, 1981-2020) y el promedio bayesiano de modelos (futuro, 2021-2100). Se concluye que el caudal simulado del estero Huillinco marca una tendencia negativa en el periodo de estudio de ≈-13,4 L/s por decenio, para todas las temporadas del año. Las anomalías estandarizadas de los promedios por cada decenio, muestran en el periodo de 1981-1990 un valor de ≈1,2 desviaciones estándar con respecto a la media de la serie, y de 1,6 en el periodo 2091-2100. Los resultados son preliminares, esperándose obtener una mejor proyección en el futuro mediante calibración con mediciones de caudal in situ.
Informe de Gira Técnica: Utilización de técnicas nucleares para mejorar la adaptación y la productividad de especies forestales frente al cambio climático.
Authors: Rojas Vergara Patricio
Published: August 2023

El Instituto Forestal (INFOR), con financiamiento de la Agencia Internacional de Energía Atómica (IAEA), con sede en Viena, Austria, y el apoyo de la Comisión Chilena de Energía Nuclear (CCHEN) y el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares de México (ININ) está desarrollando el proyecto CHI5052 Utilización de Técnicas Nucleares para Mejorar la Adaptación y la Productividad de Especies Forestales Frente al Cambio Climático.
Dentro del marco del proyecto indicado el autor, investigador de la línea de investigación Conservación y Mejoramiento Genético de INFOR, realizó en el mes de mayo de 2022 una gira técnica a México durante la cual visitó el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), la Comisión Nacional Forestal (CONAFOR), la Protectora de Bosques del Estado de México (PROBOSQUE), el Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias (INIFAP), la Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo y la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, con el objeto de conocer los avances en la aplicación de las tecnologías nucleares para enfrentar los efectos del cambio climático en los bosques nativos y exóticos.
En el presente documento se describen las instituciones mexicanas y sus actividades relacionadas al tema del proyecto CHI5052.
The recent strength of the labour market and its impact on workers’ consumption
Authors: Martínez-Carrascal Carmen
Published: August 2023

Rationale

Since the pandemic, the Spanish labour market has shown considerable strength, which has been conducive to a decline in the perceived probability of job loss among workers. This article evaluates the extent to which this may have had a positive impact on consumption (by reducing precautionary saving).

Takeaways

•The strength of the labour market and the rising share of permanent contracts have helped reduce workers’ perceived probability of job loss. This lowers precautionary saving and raises household spending levels

•Uncertainty regarding future labour income has a particularly strong impact on spending on durable goods, and an albeit smaller impact on other non-essential expenditure.

•The households whose spending on durables is most responsive to changes in uncertainty about future labour income are those that lack a minimum buffer of liquid assets to withstand a drop in income. This is observed most frequently among low-income and young households.
INCIDENCE, INDICATIONS, RISK FACTORS, AND OUTCOMES OF EMERGENCY PERIPARTUM HYSTERECTOMY WORLDWIDE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Putri Nurfauzia Yunike
Published: August 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the occurrence, indications, risk factors, outcomes, and management strategies associated with emergency peripartum hysterectomy on a global scale. Additionally, this study aims to compare the outcomes of this procedure across various income situations.

Methods: A systematic search strategy was conducted across several electronic reference databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Emcare databases up to August 3, 2023. Duplicate publications, review articles, editorials, and incomplete articles were excluded.

Results: This study presents an updated version of a previously conducted systematic review, which was originally published in 2016. The inclusion criteria for this study encompassed reports that provided data on the occurrence of emergency peripartum hysterectomy. Emergency peripartum hysterectomy was operationally defined as the surgical extraction of the uterus due to severe obstetric problems within a period of up to 6 weeks following childbirth. The process of title and abstract screening, as well as full-text review, was conducted with Endnote data management software. Out of a total of 8,775 papers that were reviewed, a subset of 26 articles published after the year 2015 were deemed eligible for inclusion. Consequently, the overall number of studies included in the analysis amounted to 154.

Conclusion: There are significant variations in the occurrence of emergency peripartum hysterectomy across different income contexts. Women residing in lower-income settings face an elevated likelihood of experiencing emergency peripartum hysterectomy, as well as a greater burden of associated morbidity and mortality. The incidence of emergency peripartum hysterectomy is expected to rise because to the escalating prevalence of caesarean deliveries.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Tek Cinsiyetli Eğitim Modeline İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: ÇOĞALTAY Nazim , SEVGİ Mehmet
Published: August 2023

Öğrencilerinin tek cinsiyetli eğitim modeline ilişkin metaforik algılarının tespit edilmeye çalışılduğı bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımına dayalı olan olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseninde yapılandırılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Siirt Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesinin üçüncü sınıfında okuyan öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Öğrencilerin tek cinsiyetli eğitim modeline ilişkin metaforik algılarını belirlemek amacıyla, “Tek cinsiyetli eğitim………gibidir. Çünkü ………” ifadesinin yer aldığı yarı yapılandırılmış form kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda elde edilen veriler içerik analizine uygun olarak çözümlenmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda öğrenciler tek cinsiyetli eğitim modeline ilişkin toplam 98 geçerli metafor ürettiği anlaşılmıştır. Üretilen bu metaforlar 8 farklı kavramsal kategori altında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre tek cinsiyetli eğitim modeline ilişkin daha olumlu tutum içerisinde olduklarını gösteren metaforlar ürettikleri anlaşılmıştır.
How to support Rogue Scholar?
Authors: Fenner Martin
Published: August 2023

The Rogue Scholar science blog archive adds important functionality to existing science blogs, namely archiving, full-text search, and DOI registration. While a lot of effort has gone into making Rogue Scholar as affordable as possible by using Open Source software, automation, and involving the community, it still costs money to build and run scholarly infrastructure, including scholarly infrastructure for science blogs.
La reestructuración antropológica ante la Identidad Digital. Análisis de la antropofagia
Authors: Quintero Daniel
Published: August 2023

Entender el cuerpo en un contexto virtual parecería una aporía o antinomia, pero lo que se muestra como irresoluble dentro de una racionalidad convencional, se erige patente en un contexto donde lo artificial se inserta en lo humano. Por tanto, se precisa un análisis sobre cómo lo social es absorbido por una antropofagia tecnológica que fuerza la identitas hacia su variante digital. Esto último, produce una reestructuración antropológica por la incidencia cibernética en el imaginario, la memoria, el olvido, los signos sociales y la imagen propia. Atendiendo a lo esgrimido, para hacer esta disertación tecnosocial, se tomarán basamentos de Gilbert Durand, junto a presupuestos críticos de Horkheimer y Adorno.
Voices from immigrant’s search for security and social protection in Lisbon, Portugal
Authors: Mulumba Joventine , Carvalho Maria Irene
Published: August 2023

This article aims to reveal the experiences of immigrants living in Lisbon and examines how the Portuguese social welfare system supports the welfare needs of immigrants., Portugal operates a mixed welfare system where the state finances semi-formal and informal networks operating at macro, meso, and micro levels, and these combine to address immigrants’ challenges. This is a qual-itative in-depth study, that focused on eight English-speaking immigrants who use welfare services in two non-governmental organisations in Lisbon. We wanted to know the process of settling in Lisbon, the risks and vulnerabilities, and the main challenges faced when accessing welfare ser-vices from public and semi-public actors. The results show that despite Portugal having policies and exceptional interventions that would otherwise promote the well-being of immigrants, immigrants continue to face immense difficulties in entry and when settling. The difficulties in accessing doc-umentation and neo-liberal policies of the state are the major obstacles to the well-being of immi-grants in Portugal, as they not only perpetuate reduced social benefits but also proliferate social exclusion. There is a need for a more open and frank discussion on social immigration policies with a firm focus on social interventions, policy frameworks, and implementation to address the relent-less challenges of immigrant social protection, is important.
Testing local isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes against the green stink bug Nezara viridula L.
Authors: PUSHNYA Marina V. , RODIONOVA Elena Y. , BALAKHNINA Irina V. , SNESAREVA Ekaterina G. , KREMNEVA Oksana Y. , ISMAILOV Vladimir Y.
Published: August 2023

Aim of study: The green vegetable bug Nezara viridula L. is a polyphage that is spread all over the world, but in the last 10 years it has entered the territory of the Russian Federation. The use of biological protection against this pest is an important task in the country. We used the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Steinernema feltiae and Steinernema carpocapsae to control N. viridula.
Area of study: Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection (FRCBPP), Krasnodar Krai, Russia, 2019-2020.
Material and methods: A laboratory test was carried out with adults and nymphs of N. viridula. Each species of EPN (S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae) was used at doses of 50, 75 and 100 individuals infective larvae per insect. The initial material for analysis was collected on soybean crops in the crop rotation of the FRCBPP. The experimental results were assessed using ANOVA.
Main results: Laboratory tests of the EPN S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae caused the death of up to 98.0% of nymphs and up to 91.4% of adults of N. viridula. The species S. feltiae turned out to be the most effective, as allowed the pathogen to develop in shorter periods of time, and caused the death of 81.9-91.4% adults and of 92.0-98.0% nymphs.
Research highlights: This study showed that during the period of growth and development of larvae, the use of EPN is more effective in nymphs than on adults.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Financial Innovation: Evidence from Commercial Bank in China
Authors: Yuan Chunhui , Sun Pengfei
Published: August 2023

The empirical results show that the rise of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) makes the level of financial innovation at banks significantly improve; that is, there is an incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation at banks. In addition, the degree of incentive-induced EPU for different types of banks is significantly different. Compared with listed banks, this incentive effect is more significant for non-listed banks; rural commercial banks are the most significant incentive, followed by urban commercial banks, and state-owned banks and joint-stock commercial banks are more robust. This shows that EPU has a selective effect on bank financial innovation. Moreover, the incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation activities is affected by the return on assets and the asset liquidity ratio of commercial banks, which further validates the selective effect of financial policy uncertainty on bank financial innovation.
Les négociations des travailleurs de l’économie informelle
Authors: Schmidt Verena , Webster Eddie , Mhlana Siviwe , Forrest Kally ,   International Labour Organization. Inclusive Labour Markets, Labour Relations and Working Condition,
Published: August 2023

Les négociations constituent un outil important et précieux permettant d’amplifier la voix des travailleurs dans l’économie informelle. Cette étude fournit des données empiriques provenant d’Afrique, d’Asie et des Amériques sur les négociations et la négociation collective des travailleurs de l’économie informelle. Ces pratiques montrent que les négociations impliquant des travailleurs de l’économie informelle, notamment celles qui aboutissent à des conventions collectives, sont essentielles pour assurer une juste répartition des fruits du progrès économique et la protection syndicale des travailleurs dans de nombreux pays, et qu’elles sont très utiles pour réduire les tendances d’informalisation. Cette étude présente également les nombreux défis auxquels les travailleurs de l’économie informelle sont confrontés quand ils s’organisent et s’engagent dans des négociations ; elle ébauche également des pistes possibles sur la manière de les surmonter.
Utilización de datos en línea de vacantes y solicitantes de empleo para estudiar la dinámica de las competencias laborales
Authors: Bennett Fidel , Escudero Verónica , Liepmann Hannah , Podjanin Ana ,   International Labour Organization. Research Department,
Published: August 2023

Este documento comprueba que los datos en línea sobre las vacantes y las solicitudes a un portal de empleo (bolsa de trabajo) son una fuente prometedora para estudiar la dinámica de las competencias, especialmente en países donde las fuentes alternativas son escasas. Para mostrar esto, desarrollamos una taxonomía de competencias, evaluamos las características de dichos datos en línea y empleamos técnicas de procesamiento des lenguaje natural y aprendizaje automático. La implementación empírica utiliza datos de Uruguay del portal de empleo BuscoJobs, que puede ser replicada con datos similares de otros países.
The role of active labour market policies for a just transition
Authors:   International Labour Organization. Green Jobs Programme,   International Labour Organization. Employment, Labour Markets and Youth Branch
Published: August 2023

This policy brief is part of the ILO Just Transition Policy Briefs series and is intended to present the linkages between just transition and the role of active labour market policies, providing stakeholders with information and recommendations for implementation.
Analysis of Policy Frameworks for Integrating ICT in Ghanaian Education: Implications for Teacher Education and Professional Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Asare Samuel , Amponsah Akwasi , Owusu-Mintah Caroline , Abrefah-Mensah Eric , Osei Frimpong Kojo
Published: August 2023

This study examines the policy frameworks surrounding integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the Ghanaian education system. This study investigated the implications of these policy frameworks on teacher education and professional development. By exploring existing policies, strategies, and initiatives, this study aims to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with ICT integration in Ghanaian classrooms. This study adopted a descriptive and qualitative research design, employing document analysis in teacher education and training.¬ The collected policy documents were analysed using a thematic approach, enabling the identification of recurring patterns and themes related to ICT integration policies and their impact on teacher education. The findings revealed that Ghana has made commendable efforts to formulate policy frameworks to facilitate ICT integration in education. However, several challenges persist, including limited access to ICT resources, inadequate teacher-training programs, and uneven implementation across schools and regions. The research article concludes with recommendations for policymakers, educators, and other stakeholders in the Ghanaian education system. These recommendations include establishing a robust ICT infrastructure, providing equitable access to technology, designing, and implementing effective teacher training programs, and developing a supportive policy environment that encourages continuous professional development.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye Onto Raw Groundnut Shell Biosorbent
Authors: Muzakir Muhammad Muhammad , Joshua Japhet
Published: August 2023

Dyes are one of the hazardous chemicals found in wastewater produced by textile and allied industries that need to be removed from the wastewater before it is released into water bodies. The sorption efficiency of raw groundnut shell (RGS), an agricultural waste, was tested on methylene blue (MB) dye through a batch adsorption experiment. Physicochemical analysis of the RGS indicated good biosorbent properties. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis of the RGS revealed the presence of heterofunctional groups. The effect of various biosorption parameters such as initial dye concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage was systematically investigated. The quantity of MB adsorbed increased as the initial concentration and contact time increased and decreased with an increase in biosorbent dose. A maximum uptake capacity of 29.3 mg/g was recorded for 50 mg/L MB initial concentration. The equilibrium data from the batch adsorption experiments were fitted well into Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The results from this study indicate that RGS can serve as an alternative, low-cost, eco-friendly and efficient adsorbent for the removal of MB dye from wastewater.
STRING EXPANDS TO FABRIC
Authors: raj Jaishwin
Published: August 2023

Consider the following experiment: a person is put in a room-size box high above the moon (chosen because there is no air and hence no air friction) with a bunch of measuring devices. This box is then taken high above the lunar surface and then let go: the box is then freely falling. The question is now, can the observer determine whether he/she is falling or whether he/she is in empty space unaffected by external forces (of course the answer is supposed to come before the box hits the surface). The answer to that is a definite NO! The observer can do experiments by looking at how objects move when initially at rest and when given a kick, he/she will find that they appear to move as is there were no gravitational forces at all! Similarly any experiment in physics, biology, etc. done solely inside the box will be unable to determine whether the box is freely falling or in empty space. Why is that? Because of the equality of the gravitational and inertial masses. All objects are falling together and are assumed to be rather close to each other (the box is not immense) hence the paths they will follow will be essentially the same for each of them. So if the observer lets go of an apple, the apple and the observer follow essentially the same trajectory, and this implies that the observer will not see the apple move with respect to him. In fact, if we accept the principle of equivalence, .We could find extra dimension in this experiment . International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM) Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | August - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM25096 | Page 2 nothing can be done to determine the fact that the observer is falling towards the Moon, for this can be done only if we could find some object which behaved differently from all the rest, and this can happen only if its gravitational and inertial masses are different. The principle of equivalence then implies that the observer will believe that he/she is an inertial frame of reference...until disabused of the notion by the crash with the surface. The principle of equivalence is of interest neither because of its simplicity, nor because it leads to philosophically satisfying conclusions. Its importance is based on the enormous experimental evidence which confirms it; as with the Special Theory, the General Theory of Relativity is falsifiable.
Vegas, MySpace, and the Tyranny of Taste
Authors: Wodtke Christina
Published: August 2023

The joy of the city is its diversity. A great city has styles of buildings from many eras. It has architectural successes and failures. It sports buildings that have been adapted over the years, learning from each new tenant. And in the city’s corners are magnificent follies, built to please some visionary individual with the capital to make dreams real. The citizens move from distaste to begrudging acceptance to rabid protectiveness of their many unique buildings
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF REUTERIN AGAINST AFLATOXIGENIC ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS
Authors: Widiati Purnawita  , Winiati Pudji Rahayu  , Hanifah Nuryani Lioe  , Siti Nurjanah  , Romsyah Maryam
Published: August 2023

Reuterin is a secondary metabolite of the lactic acid bacteria Limosilactobacillus reuteri having broad antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to determine the antifungal activity of reuterin against aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus). The aflatoxigenic A. flavus BIO 33212 isolated from Indonesian nutmeg was used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of reuterin based on radial growth and colony-forming assays in solid and liquid fat-enriched media against A. flavus was determined. The effect of reuterin on the morphological structure of A. flavus was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by A. flavus was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reuterin effectively prolonged the lag phase and decreased the growth rate of A. flavus. At 2 and 4 mM, reuterin demonstrated radial growth inhibition by 5.59% and 35.40%, respectively, while the reductions in colony numbers were 18.36% and 69.51%, respectively. At higher concentrations (6 and 8 mM), the fungal growth was inhibited and reduced completely (100%). SEM revealed the disruption of hyphae and conidiophore development and conidial damage. However, a contradictory phenomenon was found when reuterin at < 6 mM triggered a higher production of AFB1.
IMPORTANCE OF SELECTED PROTEINS OF COMPACT BONE TISSUE IN POULTRY
Authors: Steinerova Michala , Nedomova Sarka , Slama Petr , Pavlik Ales
Published: August 2023

Within modern poultry lines, the integrity of the skeleton is subjected to increasing genetic and production stress, which in many cases leads to different health problems of the skeletal system, including problems with osteoporosis and the development of fractures. The role of genetics in bone integrity has been demonstrated by several studies, while the knowledge gained from the targeted study of genes, i.e., proteins that play an important role in bone metabolism, is of great value both for skeletal health and may provide new clues to the biological processes underlying diseases leading to the weakening of the bones. In addition to summarizing basic knowledge about bone metabolism, this review provides insight into the structure and function of proteins that are part of compact bone tissue, focusing on non-collagenous proteins and proteins that are encoded by genes involved in signaling pathways that play an important role in bone metabolism.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN-VITAMIN E-NANOEMULSION
Authors: Alkhatib Mayson , ALHusini Fatima , Al-Amri Maryam , ALHatmi Abdullah , ALRiyami Khamis , ALGhafri Mallak
Published: August 2023

Chitosan is considered one of the most abundant polysaccharide in the world. Therefore, it has several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the structure of chitosan may limit its solubility and bioavailability. The current study aimed to improve the physicochemical properties of chitosan by combining it with vitamin E nanoemulsion (CH-NE-vitE). The structural, thermal stability, and physical differences between chitosan and its new derivative were analyzed using the scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of CH-NE-vitE against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida krusei and Enterobacter hormaechei were examined using disc and well diffusion methods in addition to the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The morphology changes in the treated microbes were visualized using the SEM. The characterization of CH-NE-vitE exhibited noticeable changes in the chitosan physical properties and chemical structure including increased solubility, interaction rates, and stability. The new derivative has inhibited the growth of both S. aureus, and C. krusei while promoting the growth of E. hormaechei. The minimum inhibitory concentrations against the S. aureus, and C. krusei were 1.563 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL, respectively. The produced CH-NE-vitE can be used in drug delivery, dermal products, and food packaging.
GENUS OCIMUM IN TERMS OF MINERAL, NUTRIENT, CHEMICAL CONTENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: MOHAMMED Falah Saleh , UYSAL Imran , Sevindik Emre , SEVINDIK Mustafa SEVINDIK
Published: August 2023

In many regions, plants are the sole source of natural medicines. The numerous bioactive substances they contain have significant advantages in the prevention and treatment of many ailments. Determining the therapeutic characteristics of plants requires knowledge about their biological activity and essential oil contents. The mineral, nutritional, essential oil, and biological activity data for the genus Ocimum was gathered in this research. Several members of the genus Ocimum were found to engage in a wide variety of biological processes, as shown by the research findings. It has been discovered that this source may be very useful, particularly for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. It's also said to contain naturally occurring minerals, nutrients, and essential oils. For this reason, plants belonging to the genus Ocimum are being considered as a potential valuable resource for use in the development of pharmaceuticals.
PRE-TREATMENT OF VEGETABLES AND FORMULA DEVELOPMENT OF CALCIUM-FORTIFIED VEGETABLE CRISPY WAFFLES WITH RICEBERRY USING A MIXTURE DESIGN
Authors: Pichaiyongvongdee Suwanna , Rattanapun Boonyakrit , Youdee Piyawon , Rasamipaiboon Nujira , Nubwande Tanikan
Published: August 2023

Crispy waffles are popular snacks typically containing wheat flour, sugar, and oil. Excessive consumption may be unhealthy. This study aimed to produce healthier crispy waffles using vegetables, specifically Chinese kale (CK), False Pak Choi (FPC), and Thai basil (TB), as sources of calcium. These vegetables underwent three pre-treatments: blanching, steaming, and stir-frying. The study then focused on the formulation of calcium-fortified crispy vegetable waffles with riceberry (CVWR) using a mixture design experiment. Calcium content in TB, FPC, and CK was found to be 313.96, 309.88, and 246.15 mg/100g, respectively. Pre-treatment results revealed that steaming resulted in the least reduction of calcium content, while stir-frying caused the least reduction of total chlorophyll and total polyphenol contents. The proportions of the crispy waffles components were 0-30%CK, 0-30% FPC, 0-30%TB, and 70% riceberry. The physical quality of CVWR, considering crispness and calcium content, was determined using a linear regression equation. The analysis showed that CVWR with TB as the primary component had the highest calcium content and crispness, followed by FPC and CK, respectively. In terms of sensory characteristics, FPC had the highest fracture coefficient, followed by TB and CK, respectively. The optimal formulation, determined by overlapping diagrams, consisted of 14.88% FPC, 13.11% TB, 2.01% CK, and 70% riceberry. The resulting CVWR contained 286.19 mg/100g calcium and was a source of total dietary fiber and anthocyanin. Consequently, CVWR offers a healthier, high-nutritional-value snack option suitable for health-conscious consumers.