bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF SMARTPHONE APP SYSTEM IN IMPROVING PATIENT EXPERIENCE AND OUTCOMES IN KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Mathai N. J. , D'sa P. , Rao P.V. , Chandratreya A. , Kotwal R.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

With advances in mobile application, digital health is being increasingly used for remote and personalised care. Patient education, self-management and tele communication is a crucial factor in optimising outcomes.

Aims

We explore the use of a smartphone app based orthopaedic care management system to deliver personalised surgical experience, monitor patient engagement and functional outcomes of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.

Results

Over a 12-month period, 124 patients listed for knee arthroplasty were offered access to the app. Average patient age was 65.4 years (range 49 to 86). 13(10.4%) patients were over 80 years. Compliance with app usage was 86.4%. Compliance with post-operative exercises increased following a message through the app. The mean Oxford knee score improved from a pre-op value of 17 to 35 at a mean follow-up of 6 months. Mean numeric rating scale pain score reduced from 7 pre-operatively to 3 at the latest follow-up. 58 patients (46.7%) used the communication feature on the app (text messages, photos, video consultations), reducing telephone calls and patient foot fall in the hospital. Patient satisfaction with the app was very high.

Conclusion

We found the virtual care system to be effective in providing patient education, prehabilitation and post-operative rehabilitation along with being an effective channel of communication between patients and the hospital team. Patient satisfaction and compliance was very high.
Failure of Total Hip Arthroplasty due to Delamination and Wear of Titanium Nitride-coated Titanium Heads: A Case Series
Authors:   Department of Joint Replacement, Diakovere Annastift Hannover, Hannover, Germany,, Wirries Nils , Becker Robert Egon ,   Department of Medical Education – Neurology and Psychology, Indian River State College, 3209 Virginia Avenue, Fort Pierce, Florida., Skutek Michael ,   Department of Joint Replacement, Diakovere Annastift Hannover, Hannover, Germany,
Published: January 2024

Introduction: We present the case studies of three patients requiring revision for premature failure of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Case Report: All patients received titanium nitride (TiN)-coated heads made of titanium alloy TiALV as part of their index total hip replacements. At the time of revision surgery, intraoperative findings included partial or complete delamination of the TiN head coating and wear/deformation of the TiALV heads. Conclusion: In addition to PE wear as a known mechanism for THA failure, titanium wear appears to play a major role in contributing to early THA failure and acceleration of PE wear. As a result, the choice of TiN-coated TiALV heads for use in THA should be approached with caution. It is thought that manufacturers of hip implants are aware of this potential problem. However, in a global community, this paper simply aims to bring this knowledge to general attention, while the manufacture of the presented heads does not exist anymore. Keywords: Total hip arthroplasty, wear, titanium head, revision.
Loneliness and Pathos in Heiner Carow's Coming Out (1989)
Authors: Preston Thomas
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Heiner Carow's Coming Out (1989) is unique as the first (and last) East German feature film to place a homosexual relationship front and center. Coming Out challenges the social and institutional attitudes and conventions of a heterosexist East German society. Taking seriously Carow's suggestion that cinema is a form of debate, this article explores through precise considerations of form and affect how the film sought to move a predominantly heterosexual audience emotionally as part of its project to meaningfully integrate the queer community into the social whole. I analyze the film's mood-rich disclosure of its world, the employment of melodramatic conventions, and the use of strategies that blend the diegetic world with extradiegetic reality. Through my analysis of Coming Out along both aesthetic and affective lines, I emphasize the film's value beyond its amply discussed representation of queer life in the GDR as an example of how cinematic affect operates politically through particular strategies unique to film form.
Stand for Courage: Student-Led Peer Victimization Prevention in High Schools
Authors: Ross Scott W. , Lund Emily , Collins Adam , Schaper Andrew , Sievers Nicole Jon
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Bullying and peer victimization are increasingly recognized as a detriment to the well-being of students. While the past two decades have seen the development of several effective approaches to prevention at the elementary and middle school levels, very little research has documented effective strategies for students in high schools. The current study evaluated a simple, student-led intervention called Stand for Courage (SfC), conducted across six high schools in the Mountain West, to determine the relationship between the implementation of SfC and the reduction of self-reported victimization and perpetration. Results of the one year study indicated that following intervention, students in SfC schools were 51.9% less likely to report victimization and 53.8% less likely to report perpetration compared to students in control schools. Additional chi-square analyses also determined that victimization and perpetration differed significantly between treatment groups by location, victim response, and peer response. Implementation fidelity of intervention components remained high across the study, and both adults and students within the study reported the intervention was both effective, efficient, and worth their time and effort. While limitations exist, the results of this study provide powerful evidence for the effectiveness of simple, student led prevention strategies in high schools.
It's okay to begin with the ending
Authors: Baldwin Jamaica
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Visitation with the Radiologist
Authors: Brehm John
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Falling
Authors: Buschi Mary Lou
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
The Performance
Authors: Cotton Colby
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Quadruple Bypass
Authors: Dubrow Jehanne
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Primavera
Authors: Garcia Joshua
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Boston Harbor
Authors: Green Sarah
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Minerva
Authors: Kercheval Jesse Lee
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Oddballs & Relationships: Character sketches + stories
Authors: Weatherwax Annie
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
A Standoffish Breed
Authors: King Hilary
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Another Life
Authors: Peebles Cate
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Bored Woman at 6 p.m.
Authors: Shah Ananya Kanai
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Los Olvidados
Authors: Porter Andrew
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
The Difference Between Life and Death
Authors: Twombly Sarah
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
Bronx Operating Room
Authors: Klutse Logan
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
The End of What We Know
Authors: Lazar J
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
野火烧不尽 / no prairie fire can destroy all the weeds
Authors: Lin Mengyin
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
3D-printed biosensors in biomedical applications exploiting plasmonic phenomena and antibody self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Arcadio Francesco , Ali Waqar , Bencivenga Debora , Del Prete Domenico , Marzano Chiara , Saitta Lorena , Stampone Emanuela , Cennamo Rosario , Carafa Vincenzo , Altucci Lucia , Zeni Luigi , Cicala Gianluca , Cennamo Nunzio
Published: January 2024

In this work, a 3D-printed plasmonic chip based on a silver-gold bilayer was developed in order to enhance the optical response of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) probe. More specifically, numerical and experimental results were obtained on the 3D-printed SPR platform based on a silver-gold bilayer. Then, the optimized probe's gold plasmonic interface was functionalized with a specific antibody directed against the p27Kip1 protein (p27), an important cell cycle regulator. The 3D-printed plasmonic biosensor was tested for p27 detection with good selectivity and a detection limit of 55 pM. The biosensor system demonstrated performance similar to commercially available ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoassay) kits, with several advantages, such as a wide detection range and a modular and simple-based architecture. The proposed biosensing technology offers flexible deployment options that are useful in disposable, low-cost, small-size, and simple-to-use biochips, envisaging future applications in experimental and biomedical research.
Dynamic projection mapping for non-planar objects with a variable focus lens and visual feedback
Authors: Tang Shangen , Wang Lihui , Song Fengnian , Li Shaoyong
Published: January 2024

Dynamic projection mapping for moving objects has attracted much attention in recent years. However, conventional approaches have faced some issues, such as the target objects being limited to the moving speed of the objects, the limitation of the narrow depth-of-field optics, and the planar shape objects. This work proposed an adaptive three-dimensional projection prototype, and it could project an always in-focus image on a non-planar object based on liquid lens optics. The location of the non-planar object could be detected, and the mapped projection contents calculated; as a result, a stable “printed” projection mapping should be viewed on a moving object.
Internal motion within ultrafast asynchronous dual wavelength mode-locked lasers
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Xu Lufeng , Zhang Zexin , Song Yanrong , Tian Jinrong
Published: January 2024

Realtime spectroscopy access to ultrafast fiber lasers provides new opportunities for exploring complex soliton interaction dynamics. In this study, we employ a time-stretch technique that enables real-time access to both spectral and temporal dynamics, revealing rich nonlinear processes in asynchronous dual wavelength mode-locked pulses in an ultrafast fiber laser. Due to the different group velocities of the two wavelengths, the mode-locked solitons centered at different wavelengths periodically collide with each other. We recorded the entire process of soliton establishment, stabilization, and disappearance, shedding light on the mystery of stable transmission of dual-wavelength mode-locked pulses. These processes were observed for the first time in an ultrafast fiber laser, and the experimental evidence provides important insights into the understanding of nonlinear dynamics in fiber lasers, as well as the potential for improving laser performance for application in dual-comb spectroscopy.
Improving optoelectronic performance and modulation bandwidth of green µ-LEDs via a compound pre-strained strategy
Authors: Lu Tingwei , Lee Tzu-Yi , Lai Shouqiang , Dai Yurong , Wu Rongxing , Gong Zhuhao , Chen Zhong , Kuo Hao-Chung , Wu Tingzhu
Published: January 2024

A composite strain-modulation strategy to achieve high-performing green µ-LED devices for visible light communication is proposed. Compared with the conventional pre-well structure, introducing a pre-layer to enlarge the lateral lattice constant of the underlayer decreased the strain in the overall strain-modulated layer and MQW. This improved the crystal quality and suppressed the quantum confinement Stark effect. Using this modulation strategy, the green µ-LED array with the compound pre-strained structure exhibited a light output power of 20.5 mW and modulation bandwidth of 366 MHz, corresponding to improvements of 61% and 78%, respectively, compared with those of µ-LEDs with a pre-well structure.
Performance of Generative Pretrained Transformer on the National Medical Licensing Examination in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Yudai , Nakata Takuto , Aiga Ko , Etani Takahide , Muramatsu Ryota , Katagiri Shun , Kawai Hiroyuki , Higashino Fumiya , Enomoto Masahiro , Noda Masao , Kometani Mitsuhiro , Takamura Masayuki , Yoneda Takashi , Kakizaki Hiroaki , Nomura Akihiro
Published: January 2024

The remarkable performance of ChatGPT, launched in November 2022, has significantly impacted the field of natural language processing, inspiring the application of large language models as supportive tools in clinical practice and research worldwide. Although GPT-3.5 recently scored high on the United States Medical Licensing Examination, its performance on medical licensing examinations of other nations, especially non-English speaking nations, has not been sufficiently evaluated. This study assessed GPT’s performance on the National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) in Japan and compared it with the actual minimal passing rate for this exam. In particular, the performances of both the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 models were considered for the comparative analysis. We initially used the GPT models and several prompts for 290 questions without image data from the 116th NMLE (held in February 2022 in Japan) to maximize the performance for delivering correct answers and explanations of the questions. Thereafter, we tested the performance of the best GPT model (GPT-4) with optimized prompts on a dataset of 262 questions without images from the latest 117th NMLE (held in February 2023). The best model with the optimized prompts scored 82.7% for the essential questions and 77.2% for the basic and clinical questions, both of which sufficed the minimum passing scoring rates of 80.0% and 74.6%, respectively. After an exploratory analysis of 56 incorrect answers from the model, we identified the three major factors contributing to the generation of the incorrect answers—insufficient medical knowledge, information on Japan-specific medical system and guidelines, and mathematical errors. In conclusion, GPT-4 with our optimized prompts achieved a minimum passing scoring rate in the latest 117th NMLE in Japan. Beyond its original design of answering examination questions for humans, these artificial intelligence (AI) models can serve as one of the best “sidekicks” for solving problems and addressing the unmet needs in the medical and healthcare fields.
Association of a healthy beverage score with total mortality in the adult population of Spain: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Rodríguez-Ayala Montserrat , Donat-Vargas Carolina , Moreno-Franco Belén , Mérida Diana María , Ramón Banegas José , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , Guallar-Castillón Pilar
Published: January 2024

Background

Despite the substantial evidence of the relationship between diet and mortality, the role of beverage consumption patterns is not well known. The aim of this study was to assess the association of the adherence to a Healthy Beverage Score (HBS) and all-cause mortality in a representative sample of the Spanish adult population.

Methods and findings

We conducted an observational cohort study using data from the Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain (ENRICA), which included 12,161 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥18 years recruited in 2008 to 2010 and followed until January 2022. At baseline, food consumption was collected using a validated diet history. The HBS consists of 7 items, each of which is scored from 1 to 4 (highest adherence). The HBS ranges from 7 to 28 points with a higher score representing a healthier pattern. Adherence was assigned as a higher consumption of low-fat milk, and coffee and tea, a lower consumption of whole-fat milk, no consumption of fruit juice, artificially sweetened beverages, or sugar-sweetened beverages, and no or moderate consumption of alcohol. Total mortality was ascertained by linkage to the Spanish National Death Index. Statistical analyses were performed with Cox models and adjusted for the main confounders, including sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary variables, and morbidity.

After a mean follow-up of 12.5 years (SD: 1.7; range: 0.5 to 12.9), a total of 967 deaths occurred. For all-cause mortality, the fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the highest versus lowest sex-specific quartiles of HBS was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [0.57, 0.91], p linear-trend = 0.015), corresponding to an 8.3% reduction in the absolute risk of death. A linear relationship between the risk of death and the adherence to the HBS was observed using restricted cubic splines. The results were robust to sensitivity analyses. The main limitation was that repeated measurements on beverage consumption were not available and beverage consumption could have changed during follow-up.

Conclusions

In this study, we observed that higher adherence to the HBS was associated with lower total mortality. Adherence to a healthy beverage pattern could play a role in the prevention of premature mortality.
Single-dose azithromycin for infant growth in Burkina Faso: Prespecified secondary anthropometric outcomes from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sié Ali , Ouattara Mamadou , Bountogo Mamadou , Dah Clarisse , Ouedraogo Thierry , Boudo Valentin , Lebas Elodie , Hu Huiyu , Arnold Benjamin F. , O’Brien Kieran S. , Lietman Thomas M. , Oldenburg Catherine E.
Published: January 2024

Background

Antibiotic use during early infancy has been linked to childhood obesity in high-income countries. We evaluated whether a single oral dose of azithromycin administered during infant-well visits led to changes in infant growth outcomes at 6 months of age in a setting with a high prevalence of undernutrition in rural Burkina Faso.

Methods and findings

Infants were enrolled from September 25, 2019, until October 22, 2022, in a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a single oral dose of azithromycin (20 mg/kg) compared to placebo when administered during well-child visits for prevention of infant mortality. The trial found no evidence of a difference in the primary endpoint. This paper presents prespecified secondary anthropometric endpoints including weight gain (g/day), height change (mm/day), weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ), weight-for-length Z-score (WLZ), length-for-age Z-score (LAZ), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Infants were eligible for the trial if they were between 5 and 12 weeks of age, able to orally feed, and their families were planning to remain in the study area for the duration of the study. Anthropometric measurements were collected at enrollment (5 to 12 weeks of age) and 6 months of age. Among 32,877 infants enrolled in the trial, 27,298 (83%) were followed and had valid anthropometric measurements at 6 months of age. We found no evidence of a difference in weight gain (mean difference 0.03 g/day, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.12 to 0.18), height change (mean difference 0.004 mm/day, 95% CI −0.05 to 0.06), WAZ (mean difference −0.004 SD, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.02), WLZ (mean difference 0.001 SD, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.03), LAZ (mean difference −0.005 SD, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.02), or MUAC (mean difference 0.01 cm, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.04). The primary limitation of the trial was that measurements were only collected at enrollment and 6 months of age, precluding assessment of shorter-term or long-term changes in growth.

Conclusions

Single-dose azithromycin does not appear to affect weight and height outcomes when administered during early infancy.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03676764
Application of Bayesian structural equation modeling in construction and demolition waste management studies: Development of an extended theory of planned behavior
Authors: Mohamed Nur Anisah , Alanzi Ayed R. A. , Azizan Azlinna Noor , Azizan Suzana Ariff , Samsudin Nadia , Salarzadeh Jenatabadi Hashem
Published: January 2024

Sustainable construction and demolition waste management relies heavily on the attitudes and actions of its constituents; nevertheless, deep analysis for introducing the best estimator is rarely attained. The main objective of this study is to perform a comparison analysis among different approaches of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in Construction and Demolition Waste Management (C&DWM) modeling based on an Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour (Extended TPB). The introduced research model includes twelve latent variables, six independent variables, one mediator, three control variables, and one dependent variable. Maximum likelihood (ML), partial least square (PLS), and Bayesian estimators were considered in this study. The output of SEM with the Bayesian estimator was 85.8%, and among effectiveness of six main variables on C&DWM Behavioral (Depenmalaydent variables), five of them have significant relations. Meanwhile, the variation based on SEM with ML estimator was equal to 78.2%, and four correlations with dependent variable have significant relationship. At the conclusion, the R-square of SEM with the PLS estimator was equivalent to 73.4% and three correlations with the dependent variable had significant relationships. At the same time, the values of the three statistical indices include root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MPE), and mean absolute error (MSE) with involving Bayesian estimator are lower than both ML and PLS estimators. Therefore, compared to both PLS and ML, the predicted values of the Bayesian estimator are closer to the observed values. The lower values of MPE, RMSE, and MSE and the higher values of R-square will generate better goodness of fit for SEM with a Bayesian estimator. Moreover, the SEM with a Bayesian estimator revealed better data fit than both the PLS and ML estimators. The pattern shows that the relationship between research variables can change with different estimators. Hence, researchers using the SEM technique must carefully consider the primary estimator for their data analysis. The precaution is necessary because higher error means different regression coefficients in the research model.
A pilot study of fecal pH and redox as functional markers in the premature infant gut microbiome
Authors: Letourneau Jeffrey , Walker LaShawndra , Han Se Hyang , David Lawrence A. , Younge Noelle
Published: January 2024

The infant gut microbiome is a crucial factor in health and development. In preterm infants, altered gut microbiome composition and function have been linked to serious neonatal complications such as necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis, which can lead to long-term disability. Although many studies have described links between microbiome composition and disease risk, there is a need for biomarkers to identify infants at risk of these complications in practice. In this pilot study, we obtained stool samples from preterm infant participants longitudinally during the first postnatal months, and measured pH and redox, as well as SCFA content and microbiome composition by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. These outcomes were compared to clinical data to better understand the role of pH and redox in infant gut microbiome development and overall health, and to assess the potential utility of pH and redox as biomarkers. We found that infants born earlier or exposed to antibiotics exhibited increased fecal pH, and that redox potential increased with postnatal age. These differences may be linked to changes in SCFA content, which was correlated with pH and increased with age. Microbiome composition was also related to birth weight, age, pH, and redox. Our findings suggest that pH and redox may serve as biomarkers of metabolic state in the preterm infant gut.
Nutritional outcomes of therapeutic feeding program and its predictors among undernourished adult HIV positive patients at healthcare facilities of West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ashenafi Eden , Guluma Getahun Beyene , Argaw Dirshaye , Hareru Habtamu Endashaw , Soboksa Nagasa Eshete
Published: January 2024

Background

For those living with HIV/AIDS, malnutrition is a significant issue everywhere, but it is particularly prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. A nutritional support program is becoming a more and more common strategy to prevent malnutrition in HIV-positive persons. Thus, this study aimed to assess nutritional treatment outcomes and their predictors among adult HIV-positive undernourished individuals in West Guji Zone healthcare facilities.

Method

A facility-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 348 randomly selected adult HIV- positive patients in the West Guji Zone healthcare facilities between January 2018 and December 2022. Data were collected using the data extraction tool. Entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test were used to predict the time to recovery and to compare survival curves across categorical variables. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was fitted to identify an independent predictor of the recovery rate. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05.

Results

In the final analysis 348 undernourished HIV-positive persons were included. Based on preset exit criteria, approximately 198, 56.9% of patients enrolled in the RUTF program were able to recovered, with an incidence of 9.83 (95% CI: 3.12, 13.44) per 100 person-month observations. Being divorced (AHR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.69) and being in the WHO advanced stage (AHR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.79) was a negative predictor. Being in the age range of 18–29 and 30–39 and having a working functional status (AHR = 2; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.23) were positive predictors.

Conclusion

Nutritional recovery in this study lower than WHO Sphere requirements. Age between 18 and 39 and working functional status were good indicators of nutritional recovery, whereas advanced WHO clinical stage and divorced marital status were negative predictors.
Refugee hybrid fiction: Rhetorical, generic and intermedial hybridity as strategies of political resistance
Authors: Toffano Giacomo , Smets Kevin
Published: January 2024

To introduce the concept of hybrid fiction, this article critically investigates contemporary developments in migration media production. It explores a class of migration media content and elaborates on its composite-hybridized nature. The study originates from a mapping of 98 examples of digitally distributed media content (2014–21) aimed at charting their hybrid character by combining insights from genre theory, narratology and intermedial studies. The results highlight three overlapping levels of hybridization throughout the sample: medial, generic and rhetorical. Therefore, they reflect the emergence of a strand of content that, in pushing three different boundaries of conventional manifestations of fiction, challenges the uniformity of visual regimes of migrant ‘exclusion’. Hence, the article advances a politics of hybridity in media and migration by delineating the nexus between the agonistic, counter-hegemonic character of migration media content and its tendency to combine, layer and blend different rhetorical, generic and intermedial forms.
Brexit and the Migrant Voice: EU Citizens in Post-Brexit Literature and Culture, Christine Berberich (ed.) (2022)
Authors: Faloppa Federico
Published: January 2024

Review of: Brexit and the Migrant Voice: EU Citizens in Post-Brexit Literature and Culture, Christine Berberich (ed.) (2022)

London: Routledge, 228 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-36770-882-5, h/bk, £35
Constructing Student Mobility: How Universities Recruit Students and Shape Pathways between Berkeley and Seoul, Stephanie K. Kim (2023)
Authors: Zhang Yichen
Published: January 2024

Review of: Constructing Student Mobility: How Universities Recruit Students and Shape Pathways between Berkeley and Seoul, Stephanie K. Kim (2023)

Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 212 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-26254-514-3, p/bk, $40
Pedro Puig Adam y el método heurístico en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en España
Authors: Dólera Almaida Josefa , Sánchez-Jiménez Encarna
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo se sitúa en el marco de la Historia de la Educación Matemática (HEM) y pretende analizar cómo Puig Adam (1900-1960), catedrático del Instituto San Isidro de Madrid, implementó el método heurístico en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en la educación secundaria en España. Para la realización de esta investigación se han consultado los trabajos metodológicos, de carácter heurístico, que Puig Adam publicó a lo largo de su trayectoria profesional (1926-1960). Entre las fuentes primarias ocupa un lugar relevante Didáctica matemática eurística, obra que fue publicada en 1956 por el Instituto de Formación del Profesorado de Enseñanza Laboral. La utilización de la Teoría Antropológica de lo Didáctico (TAD), como complemento del método histórico, ha permitido contrastar y analizar las praxeologías didácticas de dos experiencias del método relativas a la proporcionalidad directa, una del catedrático Viedma Castaño, del Instituto de Baeza, y otra de Puig Adam. Esto permite conocer cómo estos dos catedráticos introdujeron, en el primer curso del bachillerato, contenidos reservados a cursos superiores, y evidencia la preocupación de Puig Adam por salvaguardar la esencia activa del método al aplicarlo a la enseñanza media, y pone de manifiesto la calidad de las propuestas heurísticas que él diseñó.
Integrando Fantasia e Energia: Exercícios Lúdicos na Análise Bioenergética com Crianças
Authors: Nascimento Périsson Dantas do
Published: January 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar como os exercícios de Análise Bioenergética podem ser aplicados de forma lúdica na Psicoterapia Infantil. Há especificidades no manejo do trabalho corporal com crianças, que são: a) a compreensão que os pacientes ainda estão em processo de desenvolvimento do ego; b) plasticidade da constituição das couraças nessa fase; c) a intenção de fortalecer sistemas de defesa mais adaptativos. É apresentada uma revisão teórica inicial sobre a compreensão psicanalítica do desenvolvimento emocional, bem como a importância do brincar como mediador simbólico e transferencial na intervenção clínica. Posteriormente, discutimos sobre as iniciativas pioneiras das psicoterapias corporais sobre a psicologia clínica infantil e lançamos uma proposta de utilização de exercícios de bioenergética, seguindo os pressupostos para a mobilização energética dos anéis de couraça nas crianças, no sentido bottom-up. Por fim, justificamos a importância de capacitar psicoterapeutas para o atendimento específico com o público infantil como forma de promover saúde e resgatar a intenção reichiana de prevenção das neuroses.
Aproximação crítico-teórica entre a Análise Bioenergética e a Acupuntura
Authors: Portela Camylla Herculano de Barros , Oliveira Silvana Maria
Published: January 2024

A acupuntura e a Análise Bioenergética se aproximam e se distanciam em alguns aspectos, porém ambas buscam uma aproximação entre mente e corpo, visando um bem estar biológico, psíquico e sociais do ser. O artigo tem como pretensão um mergulho no caminho de um lado no histórico da acupuntura baseada na Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, e sua prática milenar que é aceita pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma ferramenta para o tratamento de várias patologia e por outro lado na Análise Bioenergética, fundamentada por John Pierrakos e Alexander Lowen com base na psicologia corporal na década de 30 por Reich. Aproximações e uma discussão crítica teórica sobre a prática da acupuntura por psicólogos e da relação entre as possíveis aproximações entre Análise Bioenergética e essa prática milenar também se estruturam na escrita do artigo.
A Raiva sob o olhar da Análise Bioenergética
Authors: Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: January 2024

As emoções estão presentes em todas as pessoas, a exemplo da raiva que faz parte de nossas defesas. Surge por exemplo, quando precisamos exigir com mais veemência, que se minimizem as coisas que nos desagradam. Trata-se de um mecanismo adaptativo importante, para que possamos lidar com nossas rotinas do cotidiano. Porém, nem sempre sabemos como lidar com tal emoção, pois a raiva é um pouco estigmatizada socialmente.  Isso torna mais difícil o controle do nosso comportamento, diante de certos acontecimentos percebidos como reprováveis. Para isso, torna-se fundamental aprender sobre como lidar com a raiva e com outras emoções que podem nos ameaçar. Saber utilizá-las, é muito proveitoso para que não prejudiquem nossa qualidade de vida, nem os nossos relacionamentos. A Análise Bioenergética nos possibilita os recursos para um aprendizado que nos mantenha no comando de nossas atitudes, de maneira consciente, podendo mais livremente expressar nossos protestos e a nossa raiva, quando necessária, como afirmação de nós mesmos.
Who will watch the watchers? The state of United States artificial intelligence policy and self-regulation in an ever-changing digital world.
Authors: Wallace Adrienne
Published: January 2024

As regulators seek to keep up with the sheer pace of tech change in the AI space, it is likely that we will see a shift from high-level principles to concrete public policy with the public sector first. However, as is to be expected, the idea of self-regulation in technology-by-technology companies poses the obvious issues minimally presenting an earnest conflict of interest within the very process of legislation. Influential tech company voices in discussions related to AI regulations can't be privileged over the rest of society's needs or concerns. AI is revolutionizing various aspects of society, including employment and political campaigns but it does pose certain risks. As a result, policymakers are in a hurry to safeguard the public from AI-related risks while ensuring that innovation remains unhampered. The need to foresee additional regulation in this space is important for deploying AI in operations in all industries. The AI community, specifically, ought to adopt a proactive approach in advocating for the responsible and intelligent utilization of these technologies.
My co-worker is a real tool: Perceptions of Human-AI teamwork
Authors: Loof Travis , Spinks Rachel , Gagnon Lindsay
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the evolving dynamics of Human-AI teams (HATs). The paper does this by examining the shift of AI from a mere tool to an active team contributor. Additionally, the paper surveys the concepts of mental models, schemas, and social norms in HAT interaction to understand human perceptions and expectations in these hybrid collaborations. Finally, the paper advocates for interdisciplinary research to enhance the efficacy of HATs, underscoring the need to navigate the intricate relationship between humans and AI in various contexts.
Insider Perspective: Streamlining Life Science Corporate Training by Embracing AI
Authors: Ferreira Jim
Published: January 2024

In this dynamic exploration of the transformative impact of generative AI in the field of adult learning and employee education, the author, a seasoned professional at MilliporeSigma, sheds light on the rapidly evolving landscape of biotechnology. Emphasizing the pivotal role of employees, the article outlines the challenges faced by commercial sales professionals in keeping abreast of the ever-expanding knowledge landscape. The introduction of generative AI, represents a step change in creating efficient training materials at enterprise scale by enabling a shift in the role of high-value SMEs from content creators to reviewers.
Metoda Sederhana untuk Memperbaiki Kinerja Motor Listrik 3 Fasa berdasarkan Insulation Resistance Test
Authors: Ruri Irwanto Asep Ahmad , Hermawan H
Published: January 2024

In the electrical energy conversion laboratory, the stable operation of the induction motor is one of the most important factors. Failure of induction motor operation can be fatal in research activities in energy conversion laboratories. Prevention is needed so that the performance of induction motors remains optimal. this paper was created as an alternative for laboratory users of electrical energy conversion in maintaining the performance of induction motors. Based on a survey conducted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the main cause of electric motor operation failure is generally caused by insulation failure, so electric motor testing is generally dominated by insulation testing. Many insulation testing methods such as Insulation Resistance (IR) testing, Polarization Index (PI), Delta tangent, and other tests. In this paper, IR-based testing is proposed, because it is relatively cheap and easy to implement. The IR testing process is carried out using direct voltage from the Insulation Tester to the sample to be tested using the IEEE 43TM-2013 Standard. The test results show the IR value of the sample motor is good. This condition is categorized as safe to operate, so research activities that use induction motors can run well and safely.
The constitutive values of fair play
Authors: Bednář Miloš
Published: January 2024

Fair play as a phenomenon of sporting life is present even if only in the form of small acts or gestures in most competitions; its absence is present in cases of foul play. The daily press comments its presence or absence every day in, and not only in the sports sections. Both the public and experts discuss acts from so called grey zone (forms of gamesmanship). Deciding unequivocally on the moral quality of a diverse range of actions, attitudes or statements requires clarity about the values underpinning fair play. Our aim is therefore to find the constitutive values of fair play by examining a set of values from the field of sport, rel¬evant offerings from fundamental ethics, using Abraham Maslow’s meta-value system and selection from the fundamental values of fair play considered so far. Organizing the selected values into a meaningful system is the final aim. We used a hermeneutic method to interpret the role of values within fair play. We identify five values and five meta-values as constitutive of fair play, the meta-values of goodness, truth, and transcendence as the basis of the entire system. We identify character (of athletes) and ethos (of sports communities) as both initiators of activities within the system and recipients of benefits.