bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heart and systemic sclerosis—findings from a national cohort study
Authors: Guédon Alexis F , Carrat Fabrice , Mouthon Luc , Launay David , Chaigne Benjamin , Pugnet Grégory , Lega Jean-Christophe , Hot Arnaud , Cottin Vincent , Agard Christian , Allanore Yannick , Fauchais Anne-Laure , Jego Patrick , Dhote Robin , Papo Thomas , Chatelus Emmanuel , Bonnotte Bernard , Khan Jean-Emmanuel , Diot Elisabeth , Bienvenu Boris , Magy-Bertrand Nadine , Queyrel Viviane , Le Quellec Alain , Kieffer Pierre , Amoura Zahir , Harlé Jean-Robert , Gaultier Jean-Baptiste , Balquet Marie-Hélène , Wahl Denis , Lidove Olivier , Fain Olivier , Mékinian Arsène , Hachulla Eric , Rivière Sebastien
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Heart involvement is one of the leading causes of death in SSc. The prevalence of SSc-related cardiac involvement is poorly known. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence and prognosis burden of different heart diseases in a nationwide cohort of patients with SSc.

Methods

We used data from a multicentric prospective study using the French SSc national database. Focusing on SSc-related cardiac involvement, we aimed to determine its incidence and risk factors.

Results

Of the 3528 patients with SSc, 312 (10.9%) had SSc-related cardiac involvement at baseline. They tended to have a diffuse SSc subtype more frequently and to have more severe clinical features, and presented more cardiovascular risk factors. From the 1646 patients available for follow-up analysis, SSc-related cardiac involvement was associated with an increased risk of death. There was no significant difference in overall survival between SSc-related cardiac involvement, ischaemic heart disease or pulmonary arterial hypertension. Regarding survival analysis, 98 patients developed SSc-related cardiac involvement at 5 years (5-year event rate 11.15%). Regarding reduced left ventricular ejection fraction <50% and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, the 5-year event rate was 2.49% and 5.84%, respectively. Pericarditis cumulative incidence at 5 years was 3%. Diffuse SSc subtype was a risk factor for SSc-related cardiac involvement and pericarditis. Female sex was associated with less left ventricular diastolic dysfunction incidence.

Conclusions

Our results describe the incidence and prognostic burden of SSc-related cardiac involvement at a large scale, with gender and diffuse SSc subtype as risk factors. Further analyses should assess the potential impact of treatment on these various cardiac outcomes.
Noise-induced sleep disruption from wind turbines: scientific updates and acoustical standards
Authors: Ellenbogen Jeffrey M , Kellam Colleen B , Hankard Michael
Published: November 2023

Wind energy appears to place global environmental benefits against local human health, particularly sleep. The result is a significant challenge to wind-energy development for the achievement of large-scale alternative energy. Our purpose is to examine noise from wind turbines and its potential to disrupt sleep, to examine the human health literature addressing these concerns, and to provide insight into how developers and communities can employ these concepts to pursue wind energy without impacting human health. The latest and most rigorous research on noise from wind turbines points to healthy sleep, when turbines are sited reasonably. This includes audible noise, low-frequency noise, and infrasound. Recent advances in acoustical standards provide practical methods to ensure adherence to these scientific findings. There now exist key data concerning wind-turbine noise, and its impact on sleep. Knowing that information, and how to deploy it with modern engineering standards should simultaneously facilitate wind development and protect human health.
The Importance of Spinopelvic Parameters in Recurrent Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Eren Burak , Karagoz Guzey Feyza , Gulec Ilker , Sahin Tayfun , Tufan Azmi , Bas Nuri Serdar
Published: November 2023

Study Design:

Retrospective clinical study.

Objectives:

We aimed to investigate preoperative spinopelvic mismatch as a risk factor for recurrent lumbar disk herniation (RLDH) in patients undergoing lumbar disk herniation (LDH) surgery.

Summary of Background Data:

Spinopelvic parameters have been associated with lumbar degenerative diseases, particularly LDH. However, the relationship between these parameters and RLDH has yet to be studied.

Materials and Methods:

Data of 1453 patients aged ≥18 who underwent single-level, unilateral fenestration microdiscectomy for the first time in our hospital between 2013 and 2019 were reviewed. The study group comprised 88 patients who underwent surgery for RLDH. The control group comprised 101 randomly selected patients who underwent surgery for LDH but not RLDH. Age, sex, body mass index, occupational activity level, operative level, Roussouly classification type, and time to recurrence were recorded. Moreover, pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis (LL), interverteberal disk height (IDH), segmental lordosis, sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral table angle (ST) were measured for each patient. Pelvic mismatch was calculated.

Results:

Mean age was 46.5±11.4 y (range, 20–70). Both groups were similar concerning age, sex, body mass index, occupational activity level, and level of surgery. The mean time to recurrence was 167.3±36.6 d (range, 62–363). Measurements in the RLDH group were as follows: IDH=7.6±1.5 mm, pelvic incidence =54.4°±10.1°, LL=47.3°±13°, segmental lordosis =9.3°±5°, SS=35.1°±9.9°, and PT=19.3°±7.3°. Mean IDH was significantly lower in the RLDH group (P=0.02). Less LL and lower PT at L3–4 level and increased SS at L5–S1 level were considered risk factors for RLDH.

Conclusion:

This study showed that preoperative low IDH is at higher risk for RLDH in patients undergoing LDH surgery. LL, PT, and SS may be risk factors for specific levels.
Does Corneal Topography Using 3-Dimensional Optical Coherence Tomography Suggest Different Subtypes of Terrien Marginal Degeneration?
Authors: Ruutila Minna , Fagerholm Per , Lagali Neil , Hjortdal Jesper , Bram Thue , Yamaguchi Takefumi , Moilanen Jukka , Krootila Kari , Kivelä Tero T.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to analyze corneal topography relative to astigmatism, higher order aberrations, and corneal curvatures in Terrien marginal degeneration using 3-dimensional anterior-segment optical coherence tomography.

Methods:

Twenty-nine eyes of 15 Finnish patients from a tertiary referral center had topographic axial power maps classified into 4 patterns by visual grading: crab claw (CC), mixed (M), arcuate (A), and normal. Regular astigmatism, keratometry, higher order aberrations, maximal corneal thinning, apex thickness, and curvature changes relative to best fit sphere toward maximal peripheral thinning were compared.

Results:

Four, 9, and 12 eyes were classified as CC, M, and A, respectively; 1 as normal with clinical disease; and 3 as normal with unilateral disease. Median follow-up was 2.3 (range, 0–7.2) years. Three eyes changed pattern. Patients with the CC pattern were the youngest when diagnosed, progressed more rapidly, exhibited cavities in superior quadrants with anterior bulging, and had greater higher order posterior aberrations. Patients with the M pattern were older, progressed slower, and showed superonasal asymmetric corneal steepening extending centrally, often with asymmetric bow tie. Patients with pattern A showed little progression and were the oldest when diagnosed, with maximal corneal thinning equally in all quadrants. According to the Wang classification, the median stage was 4, 2, and 2 in CC, M, and A patterns, respectively, whereas it was always 2 by the Süveges classification.

Conclusions:

Terrien marginal degeneration is characterized by distinct corneal topographic patterns that differ in tomographic features, suggesting existence of subtypes in addition to different stages of disease. Patients representing CC and M patterns might benefit from more frequent monitoring.
Steatosis regression assessed by cap after Vitamin ‘D’ supplementation in NAFLD patients with Vitamin ‘D’ deficiency
Authors: Emam Rabab Fouad , Soliman Ahmed Fouad , Darweesh Samar Kamal , AbdElmagid Reham AbdElmoniem , Ibrahim Ola Mohamed , Mohamed Dina Mahmoud
Published: November 2023

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease, and previous studies suggested a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD. It is suggested that vitamin D supplementation may have significant beneficial effect on liver biochemistry and histology.

Objective

This study aims to assess the degree of possible steatosis regression using controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in NAFLD patients with vitamin D deficiency after vitamin D supplementation and evaluating its effect on lipid profile and transaminases.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted on 100 NAFLD patients with vitamin D deficiency. They received 10000 IU/week of vitamin D orally for 3 months. CAP was used to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis before/after intervention. Transaminases, lipid profile, and vitamin D levels were evaluated before/after treatment.

Results

Serum AST, ALT, cholesterol, TG, LDL and HDL showed a significant reduction posttreatment in patients with both normal and elevated baseline levels (P < 0.001). The posttreatment mean CAP showed a significant reduction (300.44 ± 37.56 vs. 265 ± 36.19 dB/ml) (P < 0.001), and there was a significant improvement in the mean fibrosis values by LSM (5.32 ± 1.53 vs. 4.86 ± 1.28 KPa) (P = 0.001). After supplementation, serum vitamin D level was raised significantly in the majority of patients (P < 0.001); however, only 13% of them reached sufficient levels (>30 ng/ml), insufficient levels (20–29 ng/ml) was reached in 83% and 5% showed vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml).

Conclusion

A significant improvement was detected in hepatic steatosis (by CAP); mean values of LSM, transaminases and lipid profile after three months of oral vitamin D supplementation.
Predictive value of PIVKA-II and AFP for the non-objective response of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization: a prospective study
Authors: Wang Lili , Yang Xiulan , Wang Jinhuan , Yu Guoying
Published: November 2023

Background

To determine the predictive value of serum abnormal prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for the non-objective response of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods

This prospective study included HBV-associated HCC patients who underwent TACE at the Fourth People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province between December 2021 and July 2022. According to contrast-enhanced ultrasound and upper abdomen contrast-enhanced MRI, the patients were divided into the objective response group and the non-objective response group 3 months after TACE.

Results

There were 54 patients, of whom 31 experienced non-objective responses. The PIVKA-II levels in the objective response group were significantly lower than in the non-objective response group at 1 month [352.00 (142.16–722.54) vs. 528.58(241.32–1681.23) mAU/ml, P = 0.005] and 3 months [28.96 (20.01–42.49) vs. 2082.55 (52.63–10 057.30) mAU/ml, P = 0.016] after TACE. The Spearman rank correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between PIVKA-II and AFP (r = 0.315, P > 0.05). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of AFP and PIVKA-II before TACE were 0.632 and 0.529. One month after TACE, the AUC of PIVKA-II combined with AFP (AUC = 0.787) was higher than for PIVKA-II (AUC = 0.658) and AFP (AUC = 0.749).

Conclusion

PIVKA-II does not outperform AFP in predicting non-objective response after TACE in HCC patients. The combination of PIVKA-II and AFP might improve the diagnosis of HCC non-objective response after TACE.
Professional Fees for U.S. Hospital Care, 2016–2020
Authors: Peterson Cora , Xu Likang , Grosse Scott D. , Florence Curtis
Published: November 2023

Background:

The latest comprehensive diagnosis-specific estimates of hospital professional fees relative to facility fees are from 2004 to 2012.

Objective:

Update professional fee ratio (PFR) estimates to improve cost analysis opportunities with hospital discharge data sources and compare them with previous PFR estimates.

Subjects:

2016–2020 MarketScan inpatient admissions and emergency department (ED) treat and release claims.

Measures:

PFR was calculated as total admission or ED visit payment divided by facility-only payment. This measure can be multiplied by hospital facility costs to yield a total cost estimate.

Research Design:

Generalized linear regression models controlling for selected patient and service characteristics were used to calculate adjusted mean PFR per admission or ED visit by health payer type (commercial or Medicaid) and by selected diagnostic categories representing all clinical diagnoses (Major Diagnostic Category, Diagnostic Related Group, and Clinical Classification Software Revised).

Results:

Mean 2016–2020 PFR was 1.224 for admissions with commercial payers (n = 6.7 million admissions) and 1.178 for Medicaid (n = 4.2 million), indicating professional payments on average increased total payments by 22.4% and 17.8%, respectively, above facility-only payments. This is a 9% and 3% decline in PFR, respectively, compared with 2004 estimates. PFR for ED visits during 2016–2020 was 1.283 for commercial payers (n = 22.2 million visits) and 1.415 for Medicaid (n = 17.7 million). This is a 12% and 5% decline in PFR, respectively, compared with 2004 estimates.

Conclusions:

Professional fees comprise a declining proportion of hospital-based care costs. Adjustments for professional fees are recommended when hospital facility-only financial data are used to estimate hospital care costs.
Effectiveness of MEP and SSEP Monitoring in the Diagnosis of Neurological Dysfunction Immediately After Craniotomy Aneurysm Clipping
Authors: Tang Fengjiao , Guo Pin , Lan Xiaolei , Shi Mingpeng , Feng Yugong
Published: November 2023

Objective:

To explore the diagnostic accuracy of motor-evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory-evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring in predicting immediate neurological dysfunction after craniotomy aneurysm clipping.

Methods:

A total of 184 patients with neurosurgery aneurysms in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from April 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively included. All patients underwent craniotomy aneurysm clipping, and MEP and SSEP were used to monitor during the operation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff value for early warning of MEP and SSEP amplitude decline and to evaluate the effectiveness of MEP and SSEP changes in predicting immediate postoperative neurological dysfunction.

Results

Among the 184 patients with intracranial aneurysms, the incidences of immediate postoperative neurological dysfunction were 44.4% (12/27) and 3.2% (5/157) in patients with intraoperative MEP changes and without changes, respectively. For SSEP, The incidence rates were 52.6% (10/19) and 4.2% (7/165), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Significant changes in intraoperative MEP and SSEP were significantly associated with the development of immediate postoperative neurological deficits (P<0.05). The critical values for early warning of MEP and SSEP amplitude decrease were: 61.6% (P< 0.001, area under the curve 0.803) for MEP amplitude decrease and 54.6% (P<0.001, area under the curve 0.770) for SSEP amplitude decrease. The sensitivity and specificity of MEP amplitude change in predicting immediate postoperative neurological dysfunction were 70.6% and 91.0%, respectively. For SSEP amplitude changes, the sensitivity and specificity were 58.8% and 95.8%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Motor-evoked potential and SSEP monitoring have moderate sensitivity and high specificity for immediate postoperative neurological dysfunction after craniotomy aneurysm clipping. Motor-evoked potential is more accurate than SSEP. Patients with changes in MEP and SSEP are at greatly increased risk of immediate postoperative neurologic deficits.
Fillers Around the Nose
Authors: Aldosari Badi
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

The aim of this paper is to review the fillers around the nose.

Methods:

The literature search was performed at the PubMed and Proquest Central database of the Kirikkale University Library.

Results:

Characteristics of an ideal dermal filling material would be low cost, high safety, not causing pain during filling, provoking few sensitivity reactions and being durable. The material should allow reproducible results that are in line with expectation and produce a natural texture, be quick to use, be operation-ready, not cause the patient to need to convalesce and rarely cause complications. Nasal contour remodeling using fillers has several advantages: there is a brief recovery period, a general anesthetic is not needed and ecchymosis does not occur. There are a lot of filler materials, such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, Polymethylmethacrylate with Bovine Collagen, Poly-L-Lactic Acid, calcium hydroxylapatite and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene.

Conclusion:

It is absolutely essential to choose carefully appropriate material and procedure for patients to obtain optimum results.
Analysis of Surgical Complications in Mandibular Fractures in the Center of Italy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Gualtieri Matteo , Scivoletto Giulia , Pisapia Francesco , Priore Paolo , Valentini Valentino
Published: November 2023

Mandibular fractures are the second most common maxillofacial fractures. The prevalent treatment for this kind of fractures is either a surgical procedure such as maxillomandibular fixation or open reduction and internal fixation or a combination of both. Sometimes the patients might develop locoregional postoperative complications. The most frequently reported complications are trigeminal V3 injury and surgical site infection. A 4-year retrospective study was performed at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I of Rome, Italy, and the postoperative complications after mandibular fracture surgical treatment were collected. The authors studied the characteristics of each complication and the correlation with the type of mandibular fracture and the surgical treatment chosen.
Prolonged Inflammatory Reaction to Fractured Calcium Phosphate Cement Cranioplasty Secondary to Sequestration Within the Diploe
Authors: Kelsey Lauren J. , Arcelona Christian , Aronson Sofia , Gosain Arun K.
Published: November 2023

Calcium phosphate cement remains the choice biomaterial for cranial reconstruction and augmentation in pediatric patients after 90% completion of cranial growth, especially compared with other nonallograft alternatives. While trauma to the site of calcium phosphate augmentation is a known risk for cement fracture, subsequent micro-fragmentation and sequestration of the cement beneath the fracture site can produce a localized inflammatory reaction that requires surgical intervention to adequately address. The authors present the course of a patient undergoing a prolonged inflammatory reaction to calcium phosphate micro-fragmentation after trauma to the site of previous augmentation performed to mend bitemporal hollowing. Cement microfragmentation and migration through an associated nondisplaced fracture of the outer table required extensive debridement of the underlying diploe before the resolution was achieved. This case illustrates the need for appropriate evaluation in cases of trauma to areas with cement to mitigate the need for extensive surgical management.
Screening and characterization of aging regulators using synthesized yeast chromosomeXIII
Authors: Zhou Chun , Wang Yun , Huang Yikun , An Yongpan , Fu Xian , Yang Daqian , Wang Yilin , Zhang Jintao , Mitchell Leslie A. , Bader Joel S. , Cai Yizhi , Dai Junbiao , Boeke Jef D. , Cai Zhiming , Xie Zhengwei , Shen Yue , Huang Weiren
Published: November 2023

Yeast, a single eukaryotic cell model organism, demonstrates a progressive aging process. In the era of synthetic biology, study of the impact of synthetic chromosomes and aging is urgent and intriguing. Herein, we successfully constructed the 884 KbsynXIIIofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand conducted replicative aging studies using the synthetic strains. We verified that the rRNA-related transcriptional factorRRN9is a major positive controller of replicative lifespan. Using SCRaMbLE and anHSP104reporter as a biomarker for mutant discovery, we screened 135 SCRaMbLEd synXIII strains with extended lifespan and identified 10 genes onsynXIIIthat potentially serve as aging regulators. In addition, the genome-scale regression analysis of long-replicative lifespan SCRaMbLEd strains revealed distinct dysregulation of nucleus, ribosome, and mitochondrion function networks. Our findings suggest that Sc2.0 yeast has potential for unveiling new aging-related genes and gene-gene interactions underlying replicative lifespan.
Does enterprise digital transformation promote technological innovation? Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Hu Xiuqun , Weng Xiulei , He Ziwei
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study aims to test the link between enterprise digital transformation and technological innovation and the mechanisms and channels behind this link.

Design/methodology/approach

This study systematically examines whether and how enterprise digital transformation affects technological innovation in China.

Findings

Enterprise digital transformation effectively improves technological innovation. This result remains stable in robustness and endogeneity checks. The channel mechanisms of this promoting effect are internal (improvement of internal control quality and alleviation of agency costs) and external (increased attention of analysts and reduction of customer concentration). Moreover, this promoting effect is more significant for state-owned enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises, enterprises in areas with low marketization and enterprises that do not enjoy digital subsidies from the government.

Social implications

Enterprises need to attend to the mechanisms behind the link between digital transformation and technological innovation and to the unique effects of different enterprise attributes and capital markets, such as size, the ownership nature, the degree of regional marketization and government subsidies. Doing so will effectively promote digital transformation and technological innovation and strengthen core competitiveness.

Originality/value

This study provides systemic evidence of the link between enterprise digital transformation and technological innovation. The findings enrich the research literature on enterprise digitization and the factors of influencing enterprises’ technological innovation and provide a reasonable explanation for how enterprise digital transformation affects technological innovation.
Socio and macroeconomic determinants of mobile money adoption: a cross-cultural study of selected MENA and Sub-Saharan countries
Authors: Siddika Aysa , Sarwar Abdullah
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to the low adoption rate of mobile money services (MMS) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region compared to other regions. The study focussed on socio-demographic factors and macro-level determinants in several selected MENA and Sub-Saharan African (SSA) regions where MMS have been successful.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analysed 23 countries across MENA and SSA to establish the correlation between socio and macroeconomic factors and MMS adoption using a quantitative approach. The analysis used the generalized least square (GLS) method.

Findings

The study revealed that gender and income are factors that positively influence the adoption of MMS in MENA and SSA regions. Additionally, the study found that the affordability index, which measures macroeconomic indicators, correlates with MMS adoption in both regions but in an inversed way. On the other hand, political stability appears to have a positive correlation with MMS adoption in the MENA region. The correlation between the regulatory index and MMS adoption positively impacts the entire study group, although it is insignificant in the SSA region.

Research limitations/implications

Future studies should assess market competition among MMS providers and the psychological aspect of user adoption behaviour. Additionally, conducting a focus group discussion with stakeholders in the MMS industry can assist in uncovering potential factors contributing to low MMS adoption in the MENA region.

Originality/value

This study contributes to understanding the role of the socio-demographic and macroeconomic determinants in promoting digital transformation through adopting MMS.
Exploring the power of telepresence: enhancing education through telepresence robots
Authors: Kasuk Tiina , Virkus Sirje
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study aims to enhance the understanding of the current research landscape regarding the utilisation of telepresence robots (TPRs) in education.

Design/methodology/approach

The bibliometric and thematic analysis of research publications on TPRs was conducted using papers in the Scopus database up to 2023. The final analysis focused on 53 papers that adhered to the selection criteria. A qualitative analysis was performed on this set of papers.

Findings

The analysis found a rising trend in TPR publications, mostly from the USA as conference papers and journal articles. However, these publications lacked technology integration frameworks, acceptance models and specific learning design models. TPRs have proven effective in various learning environments, fostering accessible education, better communication, engagement and social presence. TPRs can bridge geographical gaps, facilitate knowledge sharing and promote collaboration. Obstacles to implementation include technical, physical, social and emotional challenges. Publications were grouped into four thematic categories: didactic methods of using TPRs, TPRs for educational inclusivity, TPR as a teacher mediator and challenges in using TPRs. Despite the significant potential of TPRs, their broader adoption in education is still facing challenges.

Research limitations/implications

This research solely analysed research papers in the Scopus database, limiting TPR publications with the keywords “telepresence robots”, “learning”, “teaching” and “education”, excluding studies with different other keywords.

Originality/value

This study enhances understanding of TPR research in education, highlighting its pedagogical implications. It identifies a gap in the inclusion of technology integration frameworks, acceptance models and learning design models, indicating a need for further research and development.
Leveraging digitalization and people-centeredness: an investigation of the attractiveness of Italian museums and cultural institutions
Authors: Palumbo Rocco
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The evolving visitors' expectations and the unfolding digital transformation compel rethinking on the service offering of museums and cultural institutions. Although digitalization and people-centeredness are widely exploited to enhance the visiting experience, there is limited evidence of their implications on organizational attractiveness. The article investigates this issue, examining the service attributes that entice visitors.

Design/methodology/approach

The study collected secondary data from the latest census study by the Italian Institute of Statistics on museums and cultural institutions. Two hierarchical regression models have been run on a sample of large publicly owned organizations (n = 312) to identify the service factors that were most effective in attracting Italian and foreign visitors.

Findings

Museums and cultural institutions undergoing a digital transformation were more effective in attracting visitors. The delivery of virtual tours and online events captivated the Italian audience. Foreigners appreciated the opportunity to use applications augmenting the on-site visit.

Practical implications

Digitalization and people-centeredness improve the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions. Using digital channels to engage visitors fosters their desire to interact with cultural heritage. Furthermore, digitalization enriches the on-site visit, expanding conventional services with virtuality. However, the adverse effects on cultural heritage should be carefully handled.

Originality/value

This study highlights the service attributes that add to the attractiveness of museums and cultural institutions, enabling them to engage visitors and improve the visiting experience.
School context matters? Faculty trust and academic emphasis moderating the effects of principals' distributed leadership on teacher leadership
Authors: Pan Hui-Ling Wendy , Chen Wen-Yan
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The importance of teacher leadership in enhancing school outcomes is recognized, but there remains a scarcity of research addressing the conditions for principals to nurture such leadership. This study examined how school contextual factors, i.e. faculty trust and academic emphasis, moderate the impact of principals' distributed leadership lon teacher leadership.

Design/methodology/approach

A nationwide survey was conducted among junior high school teachers in Taiwan. The sample encompassed schools from different geographical regions and sizes, yielding a total of 1,340 valid responses. Hierarchical regression analyses were employed to analyze the potential moderating effects of interest.

Findings

There were interactive effects of principals' distributed leadership and school contextual factors on teachers' adoption of leadership roles. The impact of principals' distributed leadership on teacher leadership was amplified in environments marked by elevated levels of trust relations and reduced academic emphasis.

Practical implications

This study uncovers the critical prerequisites principals must address to cultivate teacher leadership. To effectively encourage heightened teacher engagement in leadership, principals must place a premium on nurturing trusting relations with their teaching staff and acknowledge that the influence of their leadership might be lessened in an environment where credentialism holds sway.

Originality/value

The exploration into faculty trust and academic emphasis yields insights into the conducive conditions for principals to foster teacher leadership. The identified attenuating impact of academic emphasis on principal effect within an Asian societal context highlights its significance not only as an organizational property but also as a manifestation of national cultural values.
The effect of digital fashion visual symbol perception on consumer repurchase intention: a moderated chain mediation model
Authors: Yan Tongtong , Wu Jing , Meng Hu
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The study aims to explore how fashion visual symbols influence consumers' inclination for repurchasing. It attempts to investigate the intricate interplay among three essential variables (social presence, collective excitement and cultural identification) from the perspective of Interaction Ritual Chains theory. Meanwhile, an attempt is made to reveal the underlying patterns in these relationships, fully harnessing the positive impact of fashion brand visual symbols in brand marketing.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employs a quantitative research methodology, administering an online survey in China, from which 381 valid responses were collected by simple random sampling. The acquired data were subjected to structural equation model and hypotheses testing.

Findings

The analysis reveals that heightened visual symbol perception significantly strengthens consumers' social presence, consequently elevating the probability of collective excitement. This establishes a mediated chain model, reinforcing repurchase intention. Additionally, the moderation effect analysis indicates that cultural identification negatively moderates both direct paths in the mediated chain model, with particularly pronounced effects for low cultural identification.

Originality/value

This study establishes a closed-loop system in fashion brand product marketing, continuously enhancing the intimacy and interactive willingness between consumers, as well as between consumers and the brand. The objective is to increase brand repurchase rates. Additionally, the research provides valuable recommendations and strategies for fashion brands to adapt to Chinese consumer demands, strengthen emotional attachment between consumers and the brand, and achieve sustainable development in the realm of fashion consumption.
Is competence without humility wasted in building the trust necessary for knowledge transfer in younger/older worker dyads?
Authors: Scheuer Cara-Lynn , Loughlin Catherine , Ford Dianne , Edwards Dennis
Published: November 2023

Purpose

Successful knowledge transfer (KT) between younger and older workers (YW and OW, respectively) is critical for organizational success, especially in light of the recent surge in employment volatility among the youngest and oldest segments of the workforce. Yet, practitioners and scholars alike continue to struggle with knowing how best to facilitate these exchanges. The qualitative study offers insight into this phenomenon by exploring how KT unfolds in YW/OW dyads.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors performed a reflexive thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with two samples of blue- and white-collar younger/older workers from the USA (N = 40), whereby the authors interpreted the “lived experiences” of these workers when engaged in interdependent tasks.

Findings

The analysis, informed by social exchange theory and exchange theories of aging, led to the development of the knowledge transfer process model in younger/older worker dyads (KT-YOD). The model illustrates that, through different combinations of competence and humility, KT success is experienced either directly (by workers weighing the perceived benefits versus costs of KT) and/or indirectly (through different bases of trust/distrust perceived within their dyads). Further, humility in dyads appears to be necessary for KT success, while competence was insufficient for realizing KT success, independently.

Originality/value

In exposing new inner workings of the KT process in YW/OW dyads, the study introduces the importance of humility and brings scholars and organizations a step closer toward realizing the benefits of age diversity in their workplaces.
The effect evaluation of continuous nursing intervention in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Du Hui , Xiao Jian‐Bo , Li Jing
Published: November 2023

Introduction

To evaluate the application effect of continuous nursing intervention in type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods

Patients with type 2 DR were selected and divided into intervention group and control group by random. The control group received routine nursing intervention, and the intervention group received continuous nursing intervention on the basis of the control group. The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.

Results

After 1 and 2 years of intervention, the intervention group compared to the control group. The rate of visual acuity decrease was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly lower (p < 0.05). The self‐management ability and satisfaction were significantly higher, and the readmission rate was significantly lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The continuous nursing intervention model has a good clinical effect on the visual acuity of patients with type 2 DR.
Emotional response to healthier foods: Influence of culture and health consciousness
Authors: Souza Olegario Lary , González‐Mohino Alberto , Estévez Mario , Madruga Marta Suely , Ventanas Sonia
Published: November 2023

Sugar, salt, and fat content in processed products are important concerns for consumers. Hence, alternative “healthy” versions of conventional foods such as chocolate, potato chips, and yogurt are offered. This work aimed to define the emotional response of consumers from different cultural backgrounds (Spain vs. Brazil) evoked by healthier versions of conventional products and the relationship between hedonic responses and health consciousness. A total of 186 Brazilian and 152 Spanish consumers participated in this online cross‐cultural study. Participants answered a Health Consciousness Questionnaire and an emotional check‐all‐that‐applies questionnaire using picture stimuli of conventional chocolate, potato chips, and yogurt and their healthier versions with less sugar, salt, and fat content, respectively. The Brazilians' emotional responses were more diverse for all stimuli compared to the Spaniards'. However, participants from both cultures rated an average of “slightly agree” on the health consciousness scale; a higher level of consumption, liking, and willingness to buy; and a higher frequency of positive emotional terms for the stimuli of conventional products compared to their healthier versions. A higher frequency of evocation of “active” is strongly associated with higher levels of health consciousness. Strategic actions by the food industry and government must consider cultural, emotional, and health‐conscious factors to encourage the consumption of healthier foods.

Practical Application

Food manufacturers can use the information obtained from this study to create healthier versions of their products that appeal to consumers' emotional responses and health consciousness levels. The findings can assist in designing strategic actions to promote healthier food consumption by emphasizing the benefits of healthier food choices and making them more appealing to consumers. The methodology employed in this study can also be applied to further studies aimed to assess emotional responses to food stimuli across different cultures.
Percutaneous image‐guided ablation for hepatic metastases
Authors: Sotirchos Vlasios S , Petre Elena N , Sofocleous Constantinos T
Published: November 2023

The presence of hepatic metastases indicates advanced disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when the hepatic disease is not amenable to locoregional treatments. The primary tumour of origin, the distribution and extent of metastatic disease, the underlying liver reserve, the patient performance status and the presence of comorbidities are factors that determine whether a patient will benefit from hepatectomy or local curative‐intent treatments. For patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, the most common primary cancer that spreads to the liver, several studies have demonstrated a survival benefit for patients who can be treated with hepatectomy and/or percutaneous ablation, compared to those treated with chemotherapy alone. Despite advances in surgical techniques increasing the percentage of patients eligible for surgery, most patients have unresectable disease or are poor surgical candidates. Percutaneous ablation can be used to provide local disease control and prolong survival for both surgical and non‐surgical candidates. This is typically offered to patients with small hepatic metastases that can be ablated with optimal (≥10 mm) or at least adequate minimum ablation margins (≥5 mm), as high local tumour control rates can be achieved for these patients which are comparable to surgical resection. This review summarizes available evidence and outcomes following percutaneous ablation of the most frequently encountered types of hepatic metastases in the clinical practice of interventional oncology. Patient selection, technical considerations, follow‐up protocols and oncologic outcomes are presented and discussed.
The incidence of potentially serious complications during non‐obstetric anaesthetic practice in the United Kingdom: an analysis from the 7th National Audit Project (NAP7) activity survey
Authors: Kane A. D. , Cook T. M. , Armstrong R. A. , Kursumovic E. , Davies M. T. , Agarwal S. , Nolan J. P. , Smith J. H. , Moppett I. K. , Oglesby F. C. , Cortes L. , Taylor C. , Cordingley J. , Dorey J. , Finney S. J. , Kunst G. , Lucas D. N. , Nickols G. , Mouton R. , Patel B. , Pappachan V. J. , Plaat F. , Scholefield B. R. , Varney L. , Soar J. ,   collaborators
Published: November 2023

Complications and critical incidents arising during anaesthesia due to patient, surgical or anaesthetic factors, may cause harm themselves or progress to more severe events, including cardiac arrest or death. As part of the 7th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists, we studied a prospective national cohort of unselected patients. Anaesthetists recorded anonymous details of all cases undertaken over 4 days at their site through an online survey. Of 416 hospital sites invited to participate, 352 (85%) completed the survey. Among 24,172 cases, 1922 discrete potentially serious complications were reported during 1337 (6%) cases. Obstetric cases had a high reported major haemorrhage rate and were excluded from further analysis. Of 20,996 non‐obstetric cases, 1705 complications were reported during 1150 (5%) cases. Circulatory events accounted for most complications (616, 36%), followed by airway (418, 25%), metabolic (264, 15%), breathing (259, 15%), and neurological (41, 2%) events. A single complication was reported in 851 (4%) cases, two complications in 166 (1%) cases and three or more complications in 133 (1%) cases. In non‐obstetric elective surgery, all complications were ‘uncommon’ (10–100 per 10,000 cases). Emergency (urgent and immediate priority) surgery accounted for 3454 (16%) of non‐obstetric cases but 714 (42%) of complications with severe hypotension, major haemorrhage, severe arrhythmias, septic shock, significant acidosis and electrolyte disturbances all being ‘common’ (100–1000 per 10,000 cases). Based on univariate analysis, complications were associated with: younger age; higher ASA physical status; male sex; increased frailty; urgency and extent of surgery; day of the week; and time of day. These data represent the rates of potentially serious complications during routine anaesthesia care and may be valuable for risk assessment and patient consent.
Geopolitical multiculturalism in East Asia
Authors: Lan Pei‐Chia
Published: November 2023

In this research note, I expand the discussion on multicultural policies in East Asia by proposing the concept of ‘geopolitical multiculturalism’. It describes that the receiving state promotes multiculturalism or pro‐immigrant programmes and discourses to enhance the nation's global standing, regional importance, economic development, and geopolitical security. East Asian countries serve as illustrative examples of this concept, as their substantial immigrant populations are relatively recent, and the development of multicultural programmes is closely tied to international influence. I will first elaborate on three approaches to geopolitical multiculturalism, followed by a detailed analysis of Taiwan's case, including the recent implementation of the New Southbound Policy. I draw conclusions regarding the implications and potential applications of this concept for future research.
Exploring the complexities of drug formulation selection, storage, and shelf‐life for exploration spaceflight
Authors: Daniels Vernie R. , Williams Edward S.
Published: November 2023

Medications have been a part of space travel dating back to the Apollo missions. Currently, medical kits aboard the International Space Station (ISS) contain medications and supplies to treat a variety of possible medical events. As we prepare for more distant exploration missions to Mars and beyond, risk management planning for astronaut healthcare should include the assembly of a medication formulary that is comprehensive enough to prevent or treat anticipated medical events, remains safe and chemically stable, and retains sufficient potency to last for the duration of the mission. Emerging innovation and technologies in pharmaceutical development, delivery, quality maintenance, and validation offer promise for addressing these challenges. The present editorial will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding innovative formulary optimization strategies, pharmaceutical stability assessment techniques, and storage and packaging solutions that could enhance drug safety and efficacy for future exploration spaceflight missions.
Association between polymorphisms of the VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genes and warfarin maintenance dose in Peruvian patients
Authors: Oscanoa Teodoro J. , Guevara‐Fujita María L. , Fujita Ricardo M. , Muñoz‐Paredes Maria Y. , Acosta Oscar , Romero‐Ortuño Román
Published: November 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genes polymorphisms and the maintenance dose of warfarin in Peruvian patients.

Methods

An observational study was conducted on outpatients from the Hospital Grau ESSALUD in Lima, Peru. The participants were selected using nonprobabilistic convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria required patients to have been on anticoagulation therapy for >3 months, maintain stable doses of warfarin (consistent dose for at least 3 outpatient visits), and maintain an international normalized ratio within the therapeutic range of 2.5–3.5. DNA samples were obtained from peripheral blood for gene analysis.

Results

Seventy patients (mean age of 69.6 ± 13.4 years, 45.7% female) were included in the study. The average weekly warfarin dose was 31.6 ± 15.2 mg. The genotypic frequencies of VKORC1 were as follows: 7.1% (95% confidence interval, 2.4–15.9) for AA; 44.3% (32.4–56.7) for GA; and 48.6% (36.4–60.8) for GG. No deviation from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was observed in the variants studied (P = .56). The mean weekly warfarin doses for AA, GA and GG genotypes were 16.5 ± 2.9, 26.5 ± 9.5 and 37.9 ± 17.1 mg, respectively (P < .001). The genotypic frequencies of CYP2C9 were as follows: 82.8% (72.0–90.8) for CC (*1/*1); 4.3% (1.0–12.0) for CT (*1/*2); and 12.9% (6.1–23.0) for TT (*2/*2). We did not find a significant association between the CYP2C9 gene polymorphism and the dose of warfarin.

Conclusions

The AA genotype of the VKORC1 gene was associated with a lower maintenance dose of warfarin in Peruvian patients.
Growing up in the shadow of domestic violence: Evidence from register data
Authors: Lyk‐Jensen Stéphanie Vincent , Bøg Martin , Lindberg Malene Rudolf
Published: November 2023

Children who are indirect victims of domestic violence can exhibit the same negative outcomes as children who are direct victims. This study investigated the consequences of children's exposure to domestic violence among parents on a range of children's outcomes: mental health, well‐being, school performance and placement in out‐of‐home care. We used administrative records from full population cohorts of children in Denmark (N = 399 519, born 1997–2003). We examined a target group of children exposed to domestic violence and a comparison group not exposed to it, both groups having similar personal and family backgrounds, including pre‐birth history of family domestic violence. To construct the comparison group, we used propensity score matching. Exposure to domestic violence had a substantial negative impact on academic performance (age 9–15), self‐reported well‐being in school (age 10–15) and also increased the likelihood of being placed in out‐of‐home care (age 9–15) and being diagnosed with post‐traumatic stress disorder (age 9–15). The discounted additional cost (medical and child welfare system) per child indirectly experiencing domestic violence was at least $31 000 (age 0–15). Thus, our results show important adverse effects and suggest that earlier prevention and more preventive social interventions could help reduce the long‐term consequences of childhood exposure to domestic violence.