bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of slow- v. fast-digested protein supplementation combined with mixed power training on muscle function and functional capacities in older men
Authors: Dulac M. C. , Pion C. H. , Lemieux F. C. , Pinheiro Carvalho L. , El Hajj Boutros G. , Bélanger M. , Gaudreau P. , Chevalier S. , Morais J. A. , Noirez P. , Gouspillou G. , Aubertin-Leheudre M.
Published: June 2020

Ageing leads to a progressive loss of muscle function (MF) and quality (MQ: muscle strength (MS)/lean muscle mass (LM)). Power training and protein (PROT) supplementation have been proposed as efficient interventions to improve MF and MQ. Discrepancies between results appear to be mainly related to the type and/or dose of proteins used. The present study aimed at determining whether or not mixed power training (MPT) combined with fast-digested PROT (F-PROT) leads to greater improvements in MF and MQ in elderly men than MPT combined with slow-digested PROT (S-PROT) or MPT alone. Sixty elderly men (age 69 (sd 7) years; BMI 18–30 kg/m2) were randomised into three groups: (1) placebo + MPT (PLA; n 19); (2) F-PROT + MPT (n 21) and (3) S-PROT + MPT (n 20) completed the intervention. LM, handgrip and knee extensor MS and MQ, functional capacity, serum metabolic markers, skeletal muscle characteristics, dietary intake and total energy expenditure were measured. The interventions consisted in 12 weeks of MPT (3 times/week; 1 h/session) combined with a supplement (30 g:10 g per meal) of F-PROT (whey) or S-PROT (casein) or a placebo. No difference was observed among groups for age, BMI, number of steps and dietary intake pre- and post-intervention. All groups improved significantly their LM, lower limb MS/MQ, functional capacity, muscle characteristics and serum parameters following the MPT. Importantly, no difference between groups was observed following the MPT. Altogether, adding 30 g PROT/d to MPT, regardless of the type, does not provide additional benefits to MPT alone in older men ingesting an adequate (i.e. above RDA) amount of protein per d.
Prediction of skull base osteomyelitis in necrotising otitis externa with diffusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Abdel Razek A A K , Mahmoud W
Published: June 2020

Objective

To predict skull base osteomyelitis in patients with necrotising otitis externa using diffusion-weighted imaging.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted of 25 necrotising otitis externa patients with skull base osteomyelitis (n = 10) or without skull base involvement (n = 14) who underwent a single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging of the skull base.

Results

The respective mean apparent diffusion coefficient values of the skull base, as determined by two reviewers, were 0.851 ± 0.15 and 0.841 ± 0.14 ×10-3mm2/s for the skull base osteomyelitis patients, and 1.065 ± 0.19 and 1.045 ± 0.20 ×10-3mm2/s for the necrotising otitis externa patients without skull base involvement. The difference in apparent diffusion coefficients between the groups was significant, for both reviewers (p = 0.008 and 0.012). The optimal threshold apparent diffusion coefficient for predicting skull base osteomyelitis in necrotising otitis externa patients was 0.945 ×10-3mm2/s and 0.915 ×10-3mm2/s, with an area under the curve of 0.825 and 0.800, accuracy of 87.5 and 83.3 per cent, sensitivity of 85.7 and 90.0 per cent, and specificity of 90.0 and 78.6 per cent, for each reviewer respectively.

Conclusion

Apparent diffusion coefficient is a non-invasive imaging parameter useful for predicting skull base osteomyelitis in necrotising otitis externa patients.
The Residue of Matthean Polemics in the Ascension of Isaiah
Authors: Campbell Warren C.
Published: June 2020

This article explores the literary relationship between the Matthean tradition and the Ascension of Isaiah, a second-century pseudepigraphon detailing Isaiah's visions of the ‘Beloved’ and his polemical (and fatal) engagement with the ‘false prophet’ Belkira. While the lexical affiliation between these texts has been a point of interest, the discussion has oscillated between types of sources utilised, whether gospel material mutually shared with Matthew or Matthew itself. Though this paper details lexical contact, it pushes beyond philological similarity and posits narrative imitations as well as shared polemical strategies. The result is that Isaiah is more readily seen as a figure fashioned after the Matthean Jesus, and the ‘martyred prophet’ motif that ripples throughout the Gospel of Matthew as appropriated and narrativised by the Ascension of Isaiah for a second-century conflict over prophetic practices.
Recruitment to Elective Cults: Network Structure and Ecology
Authors: Kloppenborg John S.
Published: June 2020

During the first and second centuries of the Common Era the Christ cult spread from rural Palestine to the large cities of the Empire. This article draws insights from social network theory and from epidemiology, arguing that the Christ cult was not a simple contagion, spread by simple contact, but a ‘complex contagion’ that required persuasion, especially because adherence to the Christ cult entailed potential social costs and demanded high signalling costs.
The Divine Necessity of the Resurrection: A Re-Assessment of the Use of Psalm 16 in Acts 2
Authors: Cuany Monique
Published: June 2020

This article argues that the current predominant interpretation of the use of Psalm 16 in the speech in Acts 2, namely the ‘proof’ from prophecy explanation, as well as the few other models which have been advanced, are unconvincing on narratival grounds. Instead, it suggests that the Psalm is primarily quoted as a rationale to explain why Jesus rose from the dead and death could not detain him – namely because of his righteousness. The article concludes by submitting that this reading sheds important new light on the meaning of the resurrection of Jesus as a divine necessity in the early kerygma in Acts.
An intervention to increase conversational turns between parents and young children
Authors: LEECH Kathryn A. , ROWE Meredith L.
Published: June 2020

Behavioral and neural evidence indicates that young children who engage in more conversations with their parents have better later language skills such as vocabulary and academic language abilities. Previous studies find that the extent to which parents engage in conversational turn-taking with children varies considerably. How, then, can we promote extended conversations between parents and their children? Instead of asking parents to engage in longer turn-taking episodes, we provided parents with information on conversational content that we hypothesized would lead to increased episodes of longer, more sustained conversational turn-taking. Specifically, we found that boosting the frequency of parent-child talk about abstract, non-present concepts – decontextualized language – led to an increase in dyadic conversational turn-taking during home mealtimes several weeks later.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine Development and Production: An Ethical Way Forward
Authors: ISERSON KENNETH V.
Published: June 2020

The world awaits a SARS-CoV-2 virus (i.e., COVID-19 disease) vaccine to keep the populace healthy, fully reopen their economies, and return their social and healthcare systems to “normal.” Vaccine safety and efficacy requires meticulous testing and oversight; this paper describes how despite grandiose public statements, the current vaccine development, testing, and production methods may prove to be ethically dubious, medically dangerous, and socially volatile. The basic moral concern is the potential danger to the health of human test subjects and, eventually, many vaccine recipients. This is further complicated by economic and political pressures to reduce government oversight on rushed vaccine testing and production, nationalistic distribution goals, and failure to plan for the widespread immunization needed to produce global herd immunity. As this paper asserts, the public must be better informed to assess promises about the novel vaccines being produced and to tolerate delays and uncertainty.
Venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection) – a position paper of the German Society of Angiology (DGA)
Authors: Linnemann Birgit , Bauersachs Rupert , Grebe Mathias , Klamroth Robert , Müller Oliver , Schellong Sebastian , Lichtenberg Michael
Published: June 2020

Summary: As observed in other infections with a systemic inflammatory response, severe COVID-19 is associated with hypercoagulability and a prothrombotic state. Currently, there is growing evidence that pulmonary embolism and thrombosis contribute to adverse outcomes and increased mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The optimal thromboprophylactic regimen for patients with COVID-19 is not known. Whereas pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis is generally recommended for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients, adequate dosing of anticoagulants remains a controversial issue. Therefore, we summarize current evidence from the available literature and, on behalf of the German Society of Angiology (DGA), we aim to provide advice to establish an improved and more uniform strategy for thromboprophylaxis in patients with COVID-19.
Electrically focus-tuneable ultrathin lens for high-resolution square subpixels
Authors: Park Sehong , Lee Gilho , Park Byeongho , Seo Youngho , bin Park Chae , Chun Young Tea , Joo Chulmin , Rho Junsuk , Kim Jong Min , Hone James , Jun Seong Chan
Published: June 2020

Owing to the tremendous demands for high-resolution pixel-scale thin lenses in displays, we developed a graphene-based ultrathin square subpixel lens (USSL) capable of electrically tuneable focusing (ETF) with a performance competitive with that of a typical mechanical refractive lens. The fringe field due to a voltage bias in the graphene proves that our ETF-USSL can focus light onto a single point regardless of the wavelength of the visible light—by controlling the carriers at the Dirac point using radially patterned graphene layers, the focal length of the planar structure can be adjusted without changing the curvature or position of the lens. A high focusing efficiency of over 60% at a visible wavelength of 405 nm was achieved with a lens thickness of <13 nm, and a change of 19.42% in the focal length with a 9% increase in transmission was exhibited under a driving voltage. This design is first presented as an ETF-USSL that can be controlled in pixel units of flat panel displays for visible light. It can be easily applied as an add-on to high resolution, slim displays and provides a new direction for the application of multifunctional autostereoscopic displays.
Charge transport in semiconductors assembled from nanocrystal quantum dots
Authors: Yazdani Nuri , Andermatt Samuel , Yarema Maksym , Farto Vasco , Bani-Hashemian Mohammad Hossein , Volk Sebastian , Lin Weyde M. M. , Yarema Olesya , Luisier Mathieu , Wood Vanessa
Published: June 2020

The potential of semiconductors assembled from nanocrystals has been demonstrated for a broad array of electronic and optoelectronic devices, including transistors, light emitting diodes, solar cells, photodetectors, thermoelectrics, and phase change memory cells. Despite the commercial success of nanocrystal quantum dots as optical absorbers and emitters, applications involving charge transport through nanocrystal semiconductors have eluded exploitation due to the inability to predictively control their electronic properties. Here, we perform large-scale, ab initio simulations to understand carrier transport, generation, and trapping in strongly confined nanocrystal quantum dot-based semiconductors from first principles. We use these findings to build a predictive model for charge transport in these materials, which we validate experimentally. Our insights provide a path for systematic engineering of these semiconductors, which in fact offer previously unexplored opportunities for tunability not achievable in other semiconductor systems.
Optimized active layer morphology toward efficient and polymer batch insensitive organic solar cells
Authors: Weng Kangkang , Ye Linglong , Zhu Lei , Xu Jinqiu , Zhou Jiajia , Feng Xiang , Lu Guanghao , Tan Songting , Liu Feng , Sun Yanming
Published: June 2020

Morphology control in laboratory and industry setting remains as a major challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs) due to the difference in film-drying kinetics between spin coating and the printing process. A two-step sequential deposition method is developed to control the active layer morphology. A conjugated polymer that self-assembles into a well-defined fibril structure is used as the first layer, and then a non-fullerene acceptor is introduced into the fibril mesh as the second layer to form an optimal morphology. A benefit of the combined fibril network morphology and non-fullerene acceptor properties was that a high efficiency of 16.5% (certified as 16.1%) was achieved. The preformed fibril network layer and the sequentially deposited non-fullerene acceptor form a robust morphology that is insensitive to the polymer batches, solving a notorious issue in OSCs. Such progress demonstrates that the utilization of polymer fibril networks in a sequential deposition process is a promising approach towards the fabrication of high-efficiency OSCs.
Metabolic characteristics of CD8+ T cell subsets in young and aged individuals are not predictive of functionality
Authors: Quinn Kylie M. , Hussain Tabinda , Kraus Felix , Formosa Luke E. , Lam Wai K. , Dagley Michael J. , Saunders Eleanor C. , Assmus Lisa M. , Wynne-Jones Erica , Loh Liyen , van de Sandt Carolien E. , Cooper Lucy , Good-Jacobson Kim L. , Kedzierska Katherine , Mackay Laura K. , McConville Malcolm J. , Ramm Georg , Ryan Michael T. , La Gruta Nicole L.
Published: June 2020

Virtual memory T (TVM) cells are antigen-naïve CD8+ T cells that exist in a semi-differentiated state and exhibit marked proliferative dysfunction in advanced age. High spare respiratory capacity (SRC) has been proposed as a defining metabolic characteristic of antigen-experienced memory T (TMEM) cells, facilitating rapid functionality and survival. Given the semi-differentiated state of TVM cells and their altered functionality with age, here we investigate TVM cell metabolism and its association with longevity and functionality. Elevated SRC is a feature of TVM, but not TMEM, cells and it increases with age in both subsets. The elevated SRC observed in aged mouse TVM cells and human CD8+ T cells from older individuals is associated with a heightened sensitivity to IL-15. We conclude that elevated SRC is a feature of TVM, but not TMEM, cells, is driven by physiological levels of IL-15, and is not indicative of enhanced functionality in CD8+ T cells.
Activation of GCN2/ATF4 signals in amygdalar PKC-δ neurons promotes WAT browning under leucine deprivation
Authors: Yuan Feixiang , Jiang Haizhou , Yin Hanrui , Jiang Xiaoxue , Jiao Fuxin , Chen Shanghai , Ying Hao , Chen Yan , Zhai Qiwei , Guo Feifan
Published: June 2020

The browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) has got much attention for its potential beneficial effects on metabolic disorders, however, the nutritional factors and neuronal signals involved remain largely unknown. We sought to investigate whether WAT browning is stimulated by leucine deprivation, and whether the amino acid sensor, general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2), in amygdalar protein kinase C-δ (PKC-δ) neurons contributes to this regulation. Our results show that leucine deficiency can induce WAT browning, which is unlikely to be caused by food intake, but is largely blocked by PKC-δ neuronal inhibition and amygdalar GCN2 deletion. Furthermore, GCN2 knockdown in amygdalar PKC-δ neurons blocks WAT browning, which is reversed by over-expression of amino acid responsive gene activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and is mediated by the activities of amygdalar PKC-δ neurons and the sympathetic nervous system. Our data demonstrate that GCN2/ATF4 can regulate WAT browning in amygdalar PKC-δ neurons under leucine deprivation.
Ubiquitin transfer by a RING E3 ligase occurs from a closed E2~ubiquitin conformation
Authors: Branigan Emma , Carlos Penedo J. , Hay Ronald T.
Published: June 2020

Based on extensive structural analysis it was proposed that RING E3 ligases prime the E2~ubiquitin conjugate (E2~Ub) for catalysis by locking it into a closed conformation, where ubiquitin is folded back onto the E2 exposing the restrained thioester bond to attack by substrate nucleophile. However the proposal that the RING dependent closed conformation of E2~Ub represents the active form that mediates ubiquitin transfer has yet to be experimentally tested. To test this hypothesis we use single molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET) to measure the conformation of a FRET labelled E2~Ub conjugate, which distinguishes between closed and alternative conformations. We describe a real-time FRET assay with a thioester linked E2~Ub conjugate to monitor single ubiquitination events and demonstrate that ubiquitin is transferred to substrate from the closed conformation. These findings are likely to be relevant to all RING E3 catalysed reactions ligating ubiquitin and other ubiquitin-like proteins (Ubls) to substrates.
Global correlates of range contractions and expansions in terrestrial mammals
Authors: Pacifici Michela , Rondinini Carlo , Rhodes Jonathan R. , Burbidge Andrew A. , Cristiano Andrea , Watson James E. M. , Woinarski John C. Z. , Di Marco Moreno
Published: June 2020

Understanding changes in species distributions is essential to disentangle the mechanisms that drive their responses to anthropogenic habitat modification. Here we analyse the past (1970s) and current (2017) distribution of 204 species of terrestrial non-volant mammals to identify drivers of recent contraction and expansion in their range. We find 106 species lost part of their past range, and 40 of them declined by >50%. The key correlates of this contraction are large body mass, increase in air temperature, loss of natural land, and high human population density. At the same time, 44 species have some expansion in their range, which correlates with small body size, generalist diet, and high reproductive rates. Our findings clearly show that human activity and life history interact to influence range changes in mammals. While the former plays a major role in determining contraction in species’ distribution, the latter is important for both contraction and expansion.
Neural network learns physical rules for copolymer translocation through amphiphilic barriers
Authors: Werner Marco , Guo Yachong , Baulin Vladimir A.
Published: June 2020

Recent developments in computer processing power lead to new paradigms of how problems in many-body physics and especially polymer physics can be addressed. Parallel processors can be exploited to generate millions of molecular configurations in complex environments at a second, and concomitant free-energy landscapes can be estimated. Databases that are complete in terms of polymer sequences and architecture form a powerful training basis for cross-checking and verifying machine learning-based models. We employ an exhaustive enumeration of polymer sequence space to benchmark the prediction made by a neural network. In our example, we consider the translocation time of a copolymer through a lipid membrane as a function of its sequence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic units. First, we demonstrate that massively parallel Rosenbluth sampling for all possible sequences of a polymer allows for meaningful dynamic interpretation in terms of the mean first escape times through the membrane. Second, we train a multi-layer neural network on logarithmic translocation times and show by the reduction of the training set to a narrow window of translocation times that the neural network develops an internal representation of the physical rules for sequence-controlled diffusion barriers. Based on the narrow training set, the network result approximates the order of magnitude of translocation times in a window that is several orders of magnitude wider than the training window. We investigate how prediction accuracy depends on the distance of unexplored sequences from the training window.
Oxygen-vacancy induced magnetic phase transitions in multiferroic thin films
Authors: Menéndez César , Chu Dewei , Cazorla Claudio
Published: June 2020

Multiferroics in which giant ferroelectric polarization and magnetism coexist are of tremendous potential for engineering disruptive applications in information storage and energy conversion. Yet the functional properties of multiferroics are thought to be affected detrimentally by the presence of point defects, which may be abundant due to the volatile nature of some constituent atoms and the high temperatures involved in the synthesis of materials. Here, we demonstrate with theoretical methods that oxygen vacancies may enhance the functionality of multiferroics by radically changing their magnetic interactions in thin films. Specifically, oxygen vacancies may restore missing magnetic super-exchange interactions in large axial ratio phases, leading to full antiferromagnetic spin ordering, and induce the stabilization of ferrimagnetic states with considerable net magnetizations. Our theoretical study should help to clarify the origins of long-standing controversies in bismuth ferrite and improve the design of technological applications based on multiferroics.
Arginine GlcNAcylation of Rab small GTPases by the pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Meng Kun , Zhuang Xiaohui , Peng Ting , Hu Shufan , Yang Jin , Wang Zhen , Fu Jiaqi , Xue Juan , Pan Xing , Lv Jun , Liu Xiaoyun , Shao Feng , Li Shan
Published: June 2020

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, an intracellular Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, employs two type III secretion systems to deliver virulence effector proteins to host cells. One such effector, SseK3, is a Golgi-targeting arginine GlcNAc transferase. Here, we show that SseK3 colocalizes with cis-Golgi via lipid binding. Arg-GlcNAc-omics profiling reveals that SseK3 modifies Rab1 and some phylogenetically related Rab GTPases. These modifications are dependent on C-termini of Rabs but independent of the GTP- or GDP-bound forms. Arginine GlcNAcylation occurs in the switch II region and the third α-helix and severely disturbs the function of Rab1. The arginine GlcNAc transferase activity of SseK3 is required for the replication of Salmonella in RAW264.7 macrophages and bacterial virulence in the mouse model of Salmonella infection. Therefore, this SseK3 mechanism of action represents a new understanding of the strategy adopted by Salmonella to target host trafficking systems.
A negative feedback loop between JNK-associated leucine zipper protein and TGF-β1 regulates kidney fibrosis
Authors: Yan Qi , Zhu Kai , Zhang Lu , Fu Qiang , Chen Zhaowei , Liu Shan , Fu Dou , Nakazato Ryota , Yoshioka Katsuji , Diao Bo , Ding Guohua , Li Xiaogang , Wang Huiming
Published: June 2020

Renal fibrosis is controlled by profibrotic and antifibrotic forces. Exploring anti-fibrosis factors and mechanisms is an attractive strategy to prevent organ failure. Here we identified the JNK-associated leucine zipper protein (JLP) as a potential endogenous antifibrotic factor. JLP, predominantly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in normal human or mouse kidneys, was downregulated in fibrotic kidneys. Jlp deficiency resulted in more severe renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice, while renal fibrosis resistance was observed in TECs-specific transgenic Jlp mice. JLP executes its protective role in renal fibrosis via negatively regulating TGF-β1 expression and autophagy, and the profibrotic effects of ECM production, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in TECs. We further found that TGF-β1 and FGF-2 could negatively regulate the expression of JLP. Our study suggests that JLP plays a central role in renal fibrosis via its negative crosstalk with the profibrotic factor, TGF-β1.
The methylation status of the embryonic limb skeletal progenitors determines their cell fate in chicken
Authors: Sanchez-Fernandez Cristina , Lorda-Diez Carlos Ignacio , Hurlé Juan M. , Montero Juan Antonio
Published: June 2020

Digits shape is sculpted by interdigital programmed cell death during limb development. Here, we show that DNA breakage in the periphery of 5-methylcytosine nuclei foci of interdigital precursors precedes cell death. These cells showed higher genome instability than the digit-forming precursors when exposed to X-ray irradiation or local bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) treatments. Regional but not global DNA methylation differences were found between both progenitors. DNA-Methyl-Transferases (DNMTs) including DNMT1, DNMT3B and, to a lesser extent, DNMT3A, exhibited well-defined expression patterns in regions destined to degenerate, as the interdigital tissue and the prospective joint regions. Dnmt3b functional experiments revealed an inverse regulation of cell death and cartilage differentiation, by transcriptional regulation of key genes including Sox9, Scleraxis, p21 and Bak1, via differential methylation of CpG islands across their promoters. Our findings point to a regulation of cell death versus chondrogenesis of limb skeletal precursors based on epigenetic mechanisms.
In vivo dual RNA-seq reveals that neutrophil recruitment underlies differential tissue tropism of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Minhas Vikrant , Aprianto Rieza , McAllister Lauren J. , Wang Hui , David Shannon C. , McLean Kimberley T. , Comerford Iain , McColl Shaun R. , Paton James C. , Veening Jan-Willem , Trappetti Claudia
Published: June 2020

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a genetically diverse human-adapted pathogen commonly carried asymptomatically in the nasopharynx. We have recently shown that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the raffinose pathway regulatory gene rafR accounts for a difference in the capacity of clonally-related strains to cause localised versus systemic infection. Using dual RNA-seq, we show that this SNP affects expression of bacterial genes encoding multiple sugar transporters, and fine-tunes carbohydrate metabolism, along with extensive rewiring of host transcriptional responses to infection, particularly expression of genes encoding cytokine and chemokine ligands and receptors. The data predict a crucial role for differential neutrophil recruitment (confirmed by in vivo neutrophil depletion and IL-17 neutralization) indicating that early detection of bacteria by the host in the lung environment is crucial for effective clearance. Thus, dual RNA-seq provides a powerful tool for understanding complex host-pathogen interactions and reveals how a single bacterial SNP can drive differential disease outcomes.
Neutral DNA–avidin nanoparticles as ultrasensitive reporters in immuno-PCR
Authors: Chavan Dimple , Chen Hui , Crum Mary , Vu Binh , Safari Mohammad , Smith Maxwell , Vekilov Peter , Conrad Jacinta C. , Kourentzi Katerina , Willson Richard C.
Published: June 2020

We have demonstrated a novel immuno-PCR-based diagnostic platform which uses self-assembled ultra-detectable DNA–avidin nanoparticles stabilized with poly(ethylene glycol) for the ultrasensitive detection of protein analytes.
The odyssey of cobaloximes for catalytic H2production and their recent revival with enzyme-inspired design
Authors: Dolui Dependu , Khandelwal Shikha , Majumder Piyali , Dutta Arnab
Published: June 2020

The rational inclusion of enzyme-inspired features around the cobaloxime core reinstates its status as a leading synthetic photo-/electro-catalyst for hydrogen production.
Correction: Mechanistic investigations into synergistically enhanced radiative-charge-transfer in Au–Ag bimetallic nanoclusters
Authors: Liu Jianbo , Zhao Rusong , Wang Xia , Gao Xuwen , Zou Guizheng
Published: June 2020

Correction for 'Mechanistic investigations into synergistically enhanced radiative-charge-transfer in Au–Ag bimetallic nanoclusters' by Jianbo Liu et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 5665–5668, DOI: 10.1039/D0CC02047H.
Ligand architectural effect on coordination, bonding, interaction, and selectivity of Am(iii) and Ln(iii) ions with bitopic ligands: synthesis, solvent extraction, and DFT studies
Authors: Sinharoy P. , Singha Deb A. K. , Ali Sk. M. , Sharma J. N. , Kaushik C. P.
Published: June 2020

The isolation of Am(iii) ion from Ln(iii) ions is very crucial for the safe disposal of nuclear wastes and thus, studies are being continuously pursued to accomplish this goal.
Probing Criegee intermediate reactions with methanol by FTMW spectroscopy
Authors: Cabezas Carlos , Endo Yasuki
Published: June 2020

Methoxymethyl hydroperoxide (HOOCH2OCH3) and methoxyethyl hydroperoxide (HOOC(CH3)HOCH3) have been characterized as the nascent reaction products from the reaction of methanol with CH2OO and CH3CHOO, respectively.
Self assembly of nanorods on microspheres at fluid–fluid interfaces
Authors: Thomas Neethu , Shivkumar Sanjana , Mani Ethayaraja
Published: June 2020

Interfacial self-assembly of nanoparticles on curved substrates.
Coagulating and flocculating ferrihydrite: application of zinc acetate salt
Authors: Islam Samirul , Das Sanjit , Mishra Geetanjali , Das Bidisa , Malakar Arindam , Carlomagno Ilaria , Meneghini Carlo , De Giudici Giovanni , Gonçalves Liliana P. L. , Sousa Juliana P. S. , Kolen'ko Yury V. , Kuncser Andrei Cristian , Ray Sugata
Published: June 2020

Zinc acetate salt is proposed as an effective coagulator for extracting ferrihydrite clusters from water, preventing further Zn addition.
In vitroanti-diabetic assessment of guavanoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles in regulating glucose transport using L6 rat skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Govindaraju K. , Suganya K. S. Uma
Published: June 2020

Glucose uptake patterns of guavanoic acid and guavanoic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles in the presence of genistein (IRTK inhibitor) and wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor).
Interaction engineering in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhu Mingzhe , Li Chongwen , Li Bingyu , Zhang Jiakang , Sun Yuqian , Guo Weisi , Zhou Zhongmin , Pang Shuping , Yan Yanfa
Published: June 2020

Various intermolecular interactions in perovskite solar cells can help in improving efficiency and stability.
Hierarchical Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2 interwoven nanosheets in situ grown on Ni–Cu–P alloy plated cotton fabric for flexible high-performance energy storage
Authors: Zhou Man , Jin Zhihang , Su Lifang , Li Kai , Zhao Hong , Hu Jinguang , Cai Zaisheng , Zhao Yaping
Published: June 2020

Flexible Ni(OH)2/Cu(OH)2@Ni–Cu–P alloy coated on cotton fabric with high conductivity and excellent mechanical performance is available for future smart and wearable electronic devices.
Good or evil: what is the role of water in crystallization of organometal halide perovskites?
Authors: Xiao Shuang , Zhang Kai , Zheng Shizhao , Yang Shihe
Published: June 2020

Water modulates the nucleation, growth and stability of halide perovskites, which can be rationally controlled.
Simple synthesis of CoSn(OH)6 nanocubes for the rapid electrochemical determination of rutin in the presence of quercetin and acetaminophen
Authors: Subbarayan Sumithra , Natesan Manjula , Chen Shen-Ming
Published: June 2020

Schematic presentation of the synthesis of CoSn(OH)6 nanocubes modified with SPCE towards the electrochemical detection of rutin.
Synthesis and structure of 3-arylazo derivatives of ortho-carborane
Authors: Shmalko Akim V. , Anufriev Sergei A. , Stogniy Marina Yu. , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu. , Sivaev Igor B.
Published: June 2020

A series of B-substituted arylazo derivatives of ortho-carborane 3-XC6H4-NN-1,2-C2B10H11 (X = p-NMe2, p-OMe, o-Me) were synthesized by reaction of its diazonium derivative [3-N2-o-C2B10H11][BF4] with the corresponding Grignard reagents.
Synthesis of two new copper-sandwiched polyoxotungstates and the influence of nuclear number on catalytic hydrogen evolution activity
Authors: Su Zhao-Min , Zhang Mo , An Qingqing , Qin Dan , Li Hai-Lou , Lv Hongjin , Jia Zhiyu , Zhang Qiang , Yang Guo-Yu
Published: June 2020

Two hybrid inorganic–organic CuII-sandwiched POM were synthesized and they exhibit photocatalytic activity. This would guide us to prepared copper-substituted polyoxotungstate and apply them toward renew energy.
Lamellar nanoporous gold thin films with tunable porosity for ultrasensitive SERS detection in liquid and gas phase
Authors: Chauvin Adrien , Lafuente Marta , Mevellec Jean Yves , Mallada Reyes , Humbert Bernard , Pina Maria Pilar , Tessier Pierre-Yves , El Mel Abdelaziz
Published: June 2020

Porous gold lamellar structure with high SERS performance is created by copper chemical etching of a pure gold and pure copper stacked layers. SERS response is recorded for trace level detection of probe molecule in liquid and gas phase.
A controllable and efficient method for the fabrication of a single HfC nanowire field-emission point electron source aided by low keV FIB milling
Authors: Tang Shuai , Tang Jie , Chiu Ta-Wei , Uzuhashi Jun , Tang Dai-Ming , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Mitome Masanori , Uesugi Fumihiko , Takeguchi Masaki , Qin Lu-Chang
Published: June 2020

A high-performance single hafnium carbide (HfC) nanowire field-induced electron emitter, sharpened with focused ion beam (FIB), is characterized by electron microscopy, atom probe tomography, and field-emission measurement.
Unravelling the formation of BAB block copolymer assemblies during PISA in water
Authors: Biais Pauline , Colombani Olivier , Bouteiller Laurent , Stoffelbach François , Rieger Jutta
Published: June 2020

BAB triblock copolymers prepared by PISA in water self-assemble into a transient network of bridged micelles. The slowdown of the exchange of B blocks between micelles during PISA is highlighted as well as the parameters affecting the polymerization.
Nitroxide polymer gels for recyclable catalytic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes
Authors: Xie Yuan , Zhang Kai , Yamauchi Yusuke , Jia Zhongfan
Published: June 2020

A physically crosslinked nitroxide polymer gel has been synthesized and used as a recyclable catalyst to convert alcohols to aldehydes in air.
Recent advances in cyclization reactions of unsaturated oxime esters (ethers): synthesis of versatile functionalized nitrogen-containing scaffolds
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Jinghui , Shi Xiaonan , Liu Liying , Zhu Yan-Ping , Sun Wan , Zhu Bolin
Published: June 2020

We summarized recent advances in cyclization reactions of unsaturated oxime esters (ethers), which provide diversiform functionalized nitrogen-containing scaffolds.
Reducing toxic reactive carbonyl species in e-cigarette emissions: testing a harm-reduction strategy based on dicarbonyl trapping
Authors: de Falco Bruna , Petridis Antonios , Paramasivan Poornima , Troise Antonio Dario , Scaloni Andrea , Deeni Yusuf , Stephens W. Edryd , Fiore Alberto
Published: June 2020

Reducing the concentration of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) in e-cigarette emissions represents a major goal to control their potentially harmful effects.
Structural effect of oxazolone derivatives on the initiating abilities of dye-borate photoredox systems in radical polymerization under visible light
Authors: Ścigalski F. , Jędrzejewska B.
Published: June 2020

Three photoinitiating systems based on new oxazolone derivatives have been developed and their performance in initiation of radical polymerization of acrylate monomers has been tested by differential scanning calorimetry.
Fabrication of superwetting, antimicrobial and conductive fibrous membranes for removing/collecting oil contaminants
Authors: Zhang Ming , Wang Chengyu , Ma Yinghua , Du Xiling , Shi Yanhua , Li Jian , Shi Junyou
Published: June 2020

In order to remove/collect organic contaminants from polluted water, polypyrrole/silver nanoparticles (PPy/Ag NPs) have been loaded onto spandex fabric using the method of in situ redox-oxidation polymerization to achieve a specific membrane.
Identification of the local electrical properties of crystalline and amorphous domains in electrochemically doped conjugated polymer thin films
Authors: Maddali Hemanth , House Krystal L. , Emge Thomas J. , O'Carroll Deirdre M.
Published: June 2020

The effects of electrochemical doping on the local domain properties of conjugated polymer films are investigated. Nanoscale crystalline domains are most affected by doping and have a higher degree of doping compared to amorphous domains.
Dispersion of arc-discharged single-walled carbon nanotubes using the natural α-amino acid derivative N-dodecanoyl leucinate
Authors: Zhao Heng , Guo Lihua , Lian Yongfu
Published: June 2020

The synthesized natural α-amino acid derivative N-dodecanoyl leucinate demonstrates an effective and selective dispersion towards arc-discharged SWNTs.
Advances in PEG-based ABC terpolymers and their applications
Authors: Zhang Xiaojin , Dai Yu , Dai Guofei , Deng Chunhui
Published: June 2020

Design, synthesis, and applications of PEG-based ABC terpolymers were highlighted.
Confirmatory non-invasive and non-destructive identification of poison ivy using a hand-held Raman spectrometer
Authors: Farber Charles , Sanchez Lee , Kurouski Dmitry
Published: June 2020

Poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) is a noxious weed that grows throughout North America and induces terrible rashes on contact. Using a portable Raman device, we identified these plants and differentiated them from other species with high accuracy.
Correction: Long non-coding RNA MEG3 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and enhances apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the miR-31-5p/TIMP3 axis
Authors: Li Kui , Wang Xiaodan , Huang Zhen , Xu Hui , Zheng Songbai , Qiu Yurong
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Long non-coding RNA MEG3 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and enhances apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the miR-31-5p/TIMP3 axis’ by Kui Li et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 38200–38208, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA07880K.
3D-printed PEEK reactors and development of a complete continuous flow system for chemical synthesis
Authors: Menzel Florian , Klein Thomas , Ziegler Thomas , Neumaier Jochen M.
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the development of milli- and microfluidic reactors made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and 3D-printed equipment for a complete continuous flow system.
Controlling thermal expansion within mixed cocrystals by tuning molecular motion capability
Authors: Ding Xiaodan , Unruh Daniel K. , Groeneman Ryan H. , Hutchins Kristin M.
Published: June 2020

Thermal expansion behavior is tuned by incorporating motion-capable or -incapable molecules into organic solids.
Carrier transport composites with suppressed glass-transition for stable planar perovskite solar cells
Authors: Wang Ligang , Zhou Huanping , Li Nengxu , Zhang Yu , Chen Lihaokun , Ke Xiaoxing , Chen Zhenxin , Wang Zelin , Sui Manling , Chen Yihua , Huang Yuan , Li Liang , Xu Ziqi , Chen Qi , Sun Ling-Dong , Yan Chun-Hua
Published: June 2020

A small molecule/polymer transport composite was proposed for stable, efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Planar n-i-p PSCs prepared via a low temperature process achieved a stable efficiency of ∼22.9%, and retained ∼92% of the original stabilized efficiency for 560 h.
Flexible hybrid piezo/triboelectric energy harvester with high power density workable at elevated temperatures
Authors: Sun Yanhua , Lu Yun , Li Xiaoning , Yu Zheyin , Zhang Shujun , Sun Huajun , Cheng Zhenxiang
Published: June 2020

Eco-friendly energy harvesters with high output for effectively harvesting mechanical energy over a broad temperature range.
Enhanced mechanical properties and cell separation with thermal control of PIPAAm-brushed polymer-blend microfibers
Authors: Nagase Kenichi , Shukuwa Risa , Takahashi Hironobu , Takeda Naoya , Okano Teruo
Published: June 2020

Thermoresponsive microfibers with enhanced mechanical properties for temperature-modulated cell separation were developed by electrospinning of blending PVBC and PBMA, and by subsequently modifying the microfibers with PIPAAm via ATRP.
The role of a dark exciton reservoir in the luminescence efficiency of two-dimensional tin iodide perovskites
Authors: Folpini Giulia , Cortecchia Daniele , Petrozza Annamaria , Srimath Kandada Ajay Ram
Published: June 2020

We report on the excitonic luminescence of polycrystalline films composed of two-dimensional (2D) tin iodide perovskites.
Heat shock protein 90 inhibitors suppress pyroptosis in THP-1 cells
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Li Xiuzhen , Qian Yisong , Liu Cynthia , Huang Xiaotian , Fu Mingui
Published: June 2020

Pyroptosis is a recently discovered inflammatory form of programmed cell death which is mostly triggered by infection with intracellular pathogens and critically contributes to inflammation. Mitigating pyroptosis may be a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. However, small chemicals to reduce pyroptosis is still elusive. In the present study, we screened 155 chemicals from a microbial natural product library and found Geldanamycin, an HSP90 inhibitor, profoundly rescued THP-1 cells from pyroptosis induced by LPS plus Nigericin treatment. Consistently, other HSP90 inhibitors, including Radicicol, 17-DMAG and 17-AAG, all ameliorated pyroptosis in THP-1 cells by suppressing the inflammasome/Caspase-1/GSDMD signal pathway in pyroptosis. HSP90 inhibition compromised the protein stability of NLRP3, a critical component of the inflammasome. Moreover, up-regulated HSP70 may also contribute to this effect. HSP90 inhibition may thus be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in which pyroptosis plays a role.
Social Communication Predictors of Successful Inclusion Experiences for Students With Autism in an Early Childhood Lab School
Authors: Siller Michael , Morgan Lindee , Fuhrmeister Sally
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study examined predictors of preschool enrollment and attendance in an inclusive, university-based lab preschool (Preschool Education Lab [PEL]) serving children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Method

PEL operates as a full-day, state-licensed preschool and consists of three classrooms serving 2-, 3-, and 4-year-olds (class sizes of 12, 16, and 18 children, respectively). Between July 2018 and October 2019, parents of 84 children with a prior diagnosis of ASD or parental concerns about ASD contacted PEL to seek enrollment. Parents completed several eligibility surveys, including a demographic survey and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MB-CDI). The process for determining eligibility and enrollment consisted of four steps: Step 1, review of eligibility surveys to select children for an in-person eligibility observation (EO); Step 2, completion of an in-person EO to determine program eligibility; Step 3, enrollment of eligible and interested families; and Step 4, sustained PEL attendance.

Results

We used logistic regression analyses to identify child or demographic characteristics that predict decisions at each step. Results show that parent-reported early gestures (MB-CDI) were the strongest predictor of PEL's decision to invite children for an EO (Step 1). Furthermore, higher parent-reported language skills (MB-CDI, Words Produced) and a younger chronological age were the strongest predictors of PEL's decision to invite families to enroll (Step 2). Whether eligible families chose to enroll (Step 3) and whether enrolled families chose to remain enrolled (Step 4) were best explained by practical family considerations such as tuition expenses, daily commute, and alternative programming options.

Conclusion

This research paints a complex picture of forces that influence placement decisions for children with ASD who seek enrollment in an inclusive early childhood education program. A better understanding of these forces is necessary to evaluate outcomes and increase access to inclusive preschool options for children with ASD.
Stability and stabilisation of heterogeneous switched systems with arbitrary switching constraints
Authors: Yu Shaohang , Wu Chengfu , Wu Jia‐Nan , Wang Liang
Published: June 2020

Heterogeneous switched systems are a class of special hybrid systems containing different dimensional subsystems. To research the stability and stabilisation of heterogeneous switched systems, a novel approach is presented to design static output feedback controllers for asymptotically stabilising heterogeneous continuous‐time and discrete‐time switched systems under arbitrary switching rules. This approach, which has less computation complexity, includes a main diagonal square block common Lyapunov function for stability analysis of heterogeneous switched systems and a main diagonal square block common homogeneous polynomial Lyapunov function for stabilisation of heterogeneous switched systems. In the study of stabilisation of heterogeneous switched systems, a two‐step iterative method including two convex optimisation functions is established by sums of squares to express existing properties condition and solvable properties condition for determining block controller. At last, a practical example and two numerical examples are presented to show the feasibility of the proposed results.
Minimum class variance broad learning system for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Chen Peng
Published: June 2020

A new machine learning method named as a broad learning system (BLS) has been proposed recently. The advantage of simple, fast, and good generalisation ability make it attracting extensive attention. In this study, by introducing BLS to solving hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, a minimum class variance BLS (MCVBLS) was proposed. Firstly, in order to get spectral–spatial representation of original HSI, spectral–spatial feature learning has been performed to take full advantage of abundant spectral and spatial information of HSI. Then, the authors use MCVBLS to classify the extracted spectral–spatial features. MCVBLS, in contrast to BLS, fully considers the global data structure and discriminant information of the data. MCVBLS enhances the classification performance model by minimising the intra‐class distribution structure while maximising the inter‐class discriminant information, the measure of placing restrictions on output weights will take more discriminative information and global discriminative structure information into consideration. Conducting an experiment on three benchmark hyperspectral datasets, they demonstrate that the proposed MCVBLS methods are effective for HSI classification, better than other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Time‐domain resonant characteristics between the disturbances and the RS422 communication signals in Tesla pulse driver, and analysis on the caused RS422 communication interference
Authors: Zhang Yu , Cheng Jie , Su Jiancang , Zheng Lei , Qiu Xudong , Shang Wei
Published: June 2020

The communication circuit network is widely employed for signal transmission in high‐voltage pulse driver system, for commanding, controlling, measurement & communication. The electromagnetic compatibility of the communication circuit network mainly decides the stability and reliability of the high‐voltage pulse driver system. Aiming at the electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems of the RS422 communication circuit in the Tesla pulse driver, the generated disturbance sources and characteristics from the Tesla pulse driver itself are analysed in five divided work stages, and two typical simplified EMI coupling modes for the communication circuit are also presented in this Letter. In the RS422 communication cable circuits between the subsystems of the pulse driver, the time‐domain resonant characteristics of the communication signal and the conducting disturbances are analysed. The error and failure modes of the RS422 communication data caused by the full time‐domain conducting interference are also revealed. Evaluation and calculation method for the time‐domain resonant probability and the interference probability of the RS422 communication signals is also put forward. The communication interference probability is also calculated under different repetition work modes of the Tesla pulse driver. In view of the time‐domain resonance phenomenon, some effective ways for time‐domain resonance elimination and interference compression are put forward.