bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Student Self-Assessment Practices in Lower Secondary Education in Kosovo
Authors: Gashi Shatri Zamira , Këndusi Venera , Gaxhiqi Behxhet , Zabeli Naser , Vishaj Arjeta
Published: January 2022

Self-assessment has a direct impact on students’ achievement. Through self-assessment students have the opportunity to assess themselves in regards to learning goals and assess their achievement. The purpose of our research is to reflect on the use of the self-assessment practices of students in schools, as well as the impact that student self-assessment has on their achievement. Another purpose of this research is to evaluate if students compare their knowledge with other students in the class and to evaluate if students during the self-assessment process can overestimate or underestimate themselves. Two hundred and two students, from four classes of seventh grade (n=112) and four classes of eighth grade (n=90) of lower secondary schools from five urban schools and five rural schools in Kosovo, in the subject Civic Education, participated in the research. The results show that there is a significant difference between seventh-graders and eighth-graders on the use of student self-assessment. There is also a difference between schools in the city and schools in the village. There is a significant difference between classes and based on residence even when the students are asked if they are encouraged to have self-confidence and be independent.

 

Received: 13 October 2021 / Accepted: 26 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022
The Degree of Application of Educational Administrative Accountability by the Principals of Special Education Centers and its Relationship to Some Variables from Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Al-Rahamneh Aziz Ahmed
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to define the degree of application of educational administrative accountability by the principals of special education centers and its relationship to some variables from the teachers' perspective in Amman. The descriptive-analytical approach was adopted. The study sample consisted of (85) male and female teachers, who were chosen randomly. A measure of administrative accountability in educational systems was developed consisting of four areas namely, students, teachers, goals, innovation, and creativity. Findings revealed that the degree of application of educational administrative accountability by the principals of special education centers came to a medium degree and in all its fields, and there were no differences in the degree of application of educational administrative accountability by the principal of special education centers attributed to the variables of gender and educational level.

 

Received: 23 September 2021 / Accepted: 15 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TEKNOLOGI AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) PADA TEMATIK TERPADU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SD
Authors: Claudya Tifanni , Sri Lena Mai
Published: January 2022

This research is motivated by the absence of new technology based learning media in the integrated thematic learning process. Thios studdy aims to determine the effiect of Augomented Rveality( AR) tekhnology learning media on integrated thematic on student learning outcomes in grade IV SDN 005 Langgini, Bangkinang District in the even semester of the 2020/ 2021 akademic year. This reseiarch was conducted on Theme 8 Sub- theme 2 Learning 3 and 4. The type of research was quantitative in the foarm off a quasi exsperimental design. By design Nonequivalent control group design. The samplig technique is cluster random sampling. The populations consistead of several schools located in on cluster 2 Bangkinang District and grades IV A and IV B SDN 005 Langgini werw selected as samples. Class IV A as the control claess annd claess IV B as the experimental class. Based on the results of the study, the average value of the experimental class was 80, 00 wit a standarnd deviationsf of 8, 18 and the average value of the control class was 72, 22 wih a standarnd deviatian ef 8, 17. Baseaid om the calculatiop of th t- tst obtaind tcount 3, 1966 Whil the ttableat the confidece tingkat 0, 05 is 2, 017 so tha tcounnt ttble. Thuss, it can be conclded theat there is a positive and significbant effecth of using Augmented Reality( AR) technology learning media in integrated thematic on the learnisng outwcomes of fourth graode students at SDN 005 Langgini.
A review study on the anti depressant and anti oxidant activities of pisidum guajava and allium sativum
Authors: Y Anil Kumar , S. K Lalitha Lavanya , Konda Ravi Kumar , A Prathyusha
Published: January 2022

When stress affects the body it interferes with physiological functions of the body and other normal functions such as physical and emotional behaviors of the individual and this is associated with the cause of depression, anxiety mental disorders. Here comes the cause of irrational responses of the body system. The different forms of irrational response are the symptoms for depression. Severe depression with significant effect on day to day life is considered as disability. There are so many synthetic medicines that are used to treat depressions they are playing a prominent role in this civilized world with so many adverse effects, in the other hand natural/ herbal medicines are also playing a crucial role with minimum to zero side effects.One of the main causes of depression is oxidative stress, which is a type of imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the anti-oxidant defensive system.
Technical Documentation Requirements for Medical Devices Approval in European Union and a Detailed Emphasis on Air-way Products
Authors: Kondrath Shanmukhi , Ramaiah Maddi
Published: January 2022

The technical documentation to be drawn up by the maker ought to be introduced in an unmistakable, coordinated, promptly accessible, and unambiguous way. It will remember for specific the components recorded as per Annex II of EU MDR 2017/745. The Air-Way is the way that air follows to get into and out of the lungs. There are a few kinds of Air-way devices are there on the lookout. New items will conceivably further develop patient prosperity altogether however will require sensible administrative control to boost the advantages. The orderly methodology is planned on a central theoretical level that underlies the substantial necessities that could be changed during the years to follow. The current article gives an itemized accentuation on Air-way items and their tech documentation necessities.
Preventive effect of Macaranga barteri Mül Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) aqueous leaf extract on amiodarone induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
Authors: Goze Nomane Bernard , Léandre Kouakou , OUSSOU N OUSSOU N’Guessan Jean-Baptiste , Hervé EHILE Ehilé , Abel KOFFI Kouassi Bah , Paul YAPO Angoué
Published: January 2022

Macaranga barteri is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, its potential against hepatic steatosis has not been scientifically proven yet. This work aimed to investigate the preventive effect of the aqueous extract of Macaranga barteri leaves (AEMb) on hepatic steatosis experimentally induced with amiodarone in rats. 36 rats were divided into 6 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1, the non-intoxicated group and Group 2, used as controls were pretreated with distilled water (10 ml/kg b.w.). Group 3 received silymarin at 100 mg/kg b.w. while Groups 4, 5 and 6 were pretreated with AEMb at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. respectively. The weights of the rats were monitored during the experimentation. After 7 days of daily pretreatment with the different substances, rats of groups 2 to 6 were administered intraperitoneally amiodarone (200 mg/kg bw) three times daily for seven other consecutive days. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were collected on fasted and anesthetized rats kept in dried and EDTA tubes in order to assess some hematological and biochemical parameters and also rats livers were removed for gross observation and hepatic triglyceride assessment. The results revealed that AEMb and silymarin inhibited the weight loss induced by amiodarone and even favored weight gain. The reduction of heamatological indices (leukocytes and leukocyte indices, erythrocytes and erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC), hemoglobin, hematocrit and thrombocytes) by amiodarone was impeded in AEMb treated rats. AEMb significantly reduced (p <0.001) lipid profile parameters (plasma triglycerides, cholesterols (LDL, HDL and total)) augmented by amiodarone. Increased hepatic parameters (alkaline phosphatase, bilirubins (total and conjugated), transaminases (AST and ALT)) elicited by amiodarone were restored by AEMb pretreatment while decreased HDL values were normalized as well. Silymarin and AEMb also restored livers appearance and hepatic triglyceride. In conclusion, AEMb have a real preventive potential against amiodarone induced-hepatic steatosis in rats.
Pulmonary delivery of sirna for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and pulmonary delivery platforms
Authors: Raytthatha Nensi , Shah Isha , Vyas Jigar
Published: January 2022

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most deadly diseases of lungs that involves symptoms such as breathing difficulties, coughing and lung infection. Despite important therapeutic advances, the definitive treatment for CF remains elusive. CF is a good candidate for gene therapy because it is relatively common, lethal and monogenic and it does not have adequate treatment options. In this review article, we have reviewed gene therapy as a potential treatment option for CF. Various platforms and strategies for pulmonary gene delivery have also been discussed in detail.
a comparative analysis of canthal index of ekowe indigenes, bayelsa state
Authors: Ogoun Timipa Richard , S Tobia P.S , T Aye T
Published: January 2022

Human body parts are useful in the predictive study of the unknown. The aim of this study is to know the normative values of the canthi of the Ekowe people. Measurements such as inner and outer canthal distances were carried out. The mean value of the innercanthal distance for males and females are 3.55±0.58 and 3.43±0.52. The mean outer canthal distance for male and female is 13.91±0.84 and 13.62±0.76. The canthal index for male and female is 25.59±4.54 and 25.30±4.03. Sexual dimorphism exists and statistical significant difference was noticed in the outer canthal distance between the males and females (P˂0.05). This study has provided us with normative reference values of inner and outer canthal distances and canthal index for the Ekowe Population which is import to the health care givers, Anatomist, ophthalmic industry and anthropologist
Pharmacological profile of ficus thonningii: a review
Authors: Manisha  , Singh Ajeet Pal , Singh Amar Pal
Published: January 2022

Ficus thonningii is an African ethnomedicine plant used to treat a number of diseases. The nutritional, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects of F. thonningii in relation to its therapeutic purposes are numerous. Ficus thonningii contains alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, active proteins, and active proteins. Continue to identify, isolate, and quantify the active ingredients, as well as their medicinal purposes. Chronic toxicity, toxicology, antineoplastic effects, acute toxicity, hypoglycemic effects, antidiarrheal effects, analgesic effects, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidants, antifungal activity, antimicrobial effects, antiprotozoal properties etc.
A case of Undetected Congenital Primary Obstructed Megaureter (POM)
Authors: Nik Anuar Nik Mohd Nurhafizi , Perumal Thiagarajan , Mohamed Daud Mohamed Ashraf , Nik Anuar Nik mohd Aiman
Published: January 2022

Primary obstructed Megaureter (POM) defined as dilatation of ureter bigger than the normal size with or without renal pelvis dilatation. POM was first described in 1923 by Clark [1]. This is the second most common aetiology causing hydronephrosis in infant and it more prevalence in boys compared with girls. Early detection of POM is important to guide us in the long management of the patient and better outcome. Surgical intervention still mainstay treatment for POM in failure of conservative management.
Oral Mucosal Lesions in Kelantanese subpopulation: A One-Year Data Review
Authors: Ramli Rosmaliza , Tng Mohd Salleh Tng Nur Kamaliah , Tham Yuen Wern , Ghani Nurhafizah , Harun Masitah Hayati , Nik Mohd Alwi Nik Aloesnisa
Published: January 2022

Purpose – Mucosal lesions of the oral cavity are common findings at dental clinic worldwide. Regardless of the severity and diagnosis, oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) affect an individual’s general health, as the oral cavity serves as the main route for nutrients intake that is crucial for human survival. Data on the prevalence and distribution of OMLs is imperative to aid in the diagnosis and management of OMLs. The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of OMLs amongst patients attending dental clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM).

Design and methodology - A cross-sectional study using secondary data was conducted. Dental records of patients receiving oral examination and treatment in dental clinic from January to December 2014 were obtained. Data were analysed using Chi-square test. Throughout 2014, 43 records of patients presented with OMLs were obtained.

Findings - The most common lesion was ulcerative lesions (37.3%), followed by oral lichen planus (27.4%). Patients with exophytic lesions contributed 15.7%, while candida-related lesion and keratotic lesion contributed 11.8% and 7.8% respectively. Except for keratotic lesion, which was significantly associated with smoking, none other OMLs were associated with any of the risk habits (smoking, betel quid chewing or alcohol consumption).

Originality/Value - Data from this study serve as a basis for OMLs epidemiology studies on larger scale that will further aid in the detection, diagnosis and better management of the oral lesions. Findings from this study further emphasize the importance of quit-smoking program to reduce the risk of developing oral keratotic lesion, among other diseases that have been associated with smoking habit.
The Prevalence of Secondhand Smoke and Its Associated Factors among Adults Residing in the Low Income Residence, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Authors: Munira Mat Azmi Intan Suhana , Nik Mahdi Nik Nor Ronaidi , Abd Aziz Aniza , Yusop Yuzana Mohd , Thwe Aung Myat Moe , San Oo San , Hassan Azmi , Amaran Safiya , Mohd Amin Rahmah
Published: January 2022

Worldwide, 40% of children, 33% and 35% of male and female non-smokers respectively, were regularly exposed to second-hand smoke indoors. The practice to avoid second hand smoke at home are mostly individual-driven although in public places SHS can be executed by laws and policies such as gazetted smoke-free zones. A cross sectional study was conducted at Flat Bukit Kecil, Kuala Terengganu involving 211 respondents. Self-administered questionnaire was used and data were analysed. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi square were employed. Findings revealed significant associations between socio demographic factors; gender (p=0.002), ethnicity (p=0.006), and occupational status (p=0.014) with SHS exposure. SHS exposure was also found to be significantly associated with respondents’ vaping (p=0.035) and smoking status (p<0.001), and respondents with existing tobacco related morbidity (p=0.040). In conclusion, the prevalence of SHS among adult residents in Flat Bukit Kecil, Kuala Terengganu (57.8%) was higher in comparison with other local studies. Restaurants were found to be the most common place of SHS exposure followed by workplace and home. In general, the residents demonstrated poor attitude and practice towards SHS whilst knowledge was good on SHS. Malay smoker residents, aged above 40 years old, employed, allowed guests smoking inside the house and had a family history of tobacco related diseases were more likely to be exposed to SHS than its counterpart.

 

Keywords: adults, KAP, low income residence, SHS
Prevalence of Cyber Bullying Victims and its Associated Factors among Form 2 and Form 4 Secondary School Students in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Authors: Munira Mat Azmi Intan Suhana , Thwe Aung Myat Moe , San Oo San , Hassan Azmi , Amaran Safiya
Published: January 2022

The number of cases of cyber bullying reported in schools had been alarming in these recent years. Increased accessibility of mobile phone and internet among secondary school students have made them more susceptible of becoming cyber bullying victims. These victims consequently will encounter mental health problems such as depression and anger that may lead to psychosomatic disorder and suicidal attempt in severe cases. This study focussed on determining the prevalence of cyber bullying and its associated factors among secondary school students. A cross sectional study was conducted among 482 of Form 2 and Form 4 school students in Kuala Terengganu. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analysed by using SPSS version 22. The descriptive statistics was applied to obtain frequency and percentage for categorical data. Simple logistic regression and Pearson Chi-square were used to determine the association between the independent variables and cyber bullying victimisation. The prevalence of cyber bullying victims in this study was 2.1% and total of 8.1% reported had been cyber bullied for lifetime. Four factors were found to be significantly associated with being a victim of cyber bullying; age (p = 0.010), type of school (p = 0.036), gender (p = 0.011) and perception towards family relationship (p = 0.006). In conclusion, the prevalence of cyber bullying victimisation in Kuala Terengganu is low in comparison to worldwide data. Although the prevalence is low, cyber-victimisation is progressing in numbers by year and there is a need to plan for proper intervention programs to enhance awareness among secondary school students to curb this issue.
COMPARISON OF HBA1C LEVEL MEASURED BY HPLC AND CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS AMONG PATIENT WITH HIGH UREA
Authors: Hafizan Wan Nik Wan Nor Fazila , Abd Razak Iwani , Azraini Che Soh Noor Azlin , Shafii Noorazliyana , Omar Julia , Tuan Ismail Tuan Salwani
Published: January 2022

Utilization of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus is accepted and validated worldwide. Standardisation between various methods available is no longer an issue. However, knowledge of HbA1c interference by various haemoglobin (Hb) fractions presence in the patient’s sample must be taken into account during HbA1c analysis and interpretation. Carbamylated Hb (cHb) is one of Hb fractions, formed when Hb condensed at the N-terminal valine by cyanate derived from spontaneous decomposition of urea which usually raised in patients with renal impairment. This study aimed to compare the level of HbA1c in patient with high urea measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Capillary Electrophoresis (CE). After analysis using the laboratory’s routine method, or HPLC, the patient’s samples with concurrent urea level of >25 mmol/L were re-analyzed within 2 hours using the comparative method or CE.  A cut off cHb of 2% on HPLC considered as no interference. The mean level of urea was 31.37±5.09 mmol/L (range 25.2-43.1mmol/L). Out of 68 samples, only 24 cHb were detected by HPLC but only less than 2% and none cHb detected on CE.  Correlation between HPLC and CE showed no significant different in HbA1c measurement (r= p>0.05). Therefore, we propose that both HPLC and CE can be used to determine HbA1c level in patient with high urea.
Sacral Tuberculosis: Never Ignore Buttock Pain
Authors: Bin Maznon Mohd Hazwan , Bin Mohamad Khairul Abdillah , Binti Che Saidi Siti Zulaifah , Han Sim Lim , Bin Omar Ahmad Sabri
Published: January 2022

A last few decade, case of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is increasing.  TB infection of other than pulmonary is quite challenging to diagnose due to non-specific signs and symptoms (Wellons III et al., 2004). Spine being the commonest site of skeletal TB which account approximately 50% from reported cases (Tuli, 2002). Spinal TB can be associated with pulmonary infection, however in less than 1% of cases, it occurs in the absence of pulmonary involvement (Davidson & Horowitz, 1970; Gorse, Pais, Kusske, & Cesario, 1983; Omari, Robertson, Nelson, & Chiu, 1989; Rezai, Lee, Cooper, Errico, & Koslow, 1995). TB infection involving the lumbosacral junction is uncommon, only 2 to 3% from all cases of spinal TB (Ahmadi, Bajaj, Destian, Segall, & Zee, 1993; Dayras, Lorilloux, Hugonet, & Benichou, 1985; MANSBERG, ROWE, & WALKER, 1991; Pun et al., 1990; Rajasekaran et al., 1998). Isolated sacral TB is rare entity, The patient usually presented with lower back pain with or without neurological involvement (Patankar et al., 2000). Here we presented a case of sacral TB which not associated with neurological impairment.
In vitro pharmacological profiling of selected small molecules compound using recombinant human iduronate-2-sulphatase
Authors: Omar Affandi , Abg Kamaludin Dyg Pertiwi , Abdul Rahman Salina , Mohamed Rosnani , Amin Nordin Fatimah Diana , Kamarudin Balqis , Muhamad Nur Jannaim , Abdul Jalil Julaina
Published: January 2022

Background: Mucopolysaccharidoses type II (MPS II) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease (LSD). It is due to mutation in IDS gene encoding iduronate-2-sulphatase (IDS) involved in the catabolism of dermatan sulphate and heparan sulphate. Currently, the treatments for MPS II patients are enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT). However, ERT is not effectively reducing the central nervous system manifestation and finding the suitable donor maybe quite challenging in BMT. Over the past decades, pharmacological chaperone has been an alternative approach for management of MPS II patient. Here, we described the in vitro profiling of small molecules in group of chondroitin/dermatan (CD) sulphate disaccharide, heparin oligosaccharides, unsaturated heparin disaccharides and 6-O-desulphated heparin oligosaccharide, using recombinant human iduronate-2-sulphatase (rhIDS). Twenty-one small molecule compounds with several concentrations were each screened by inhibition and thermal stability assays.
Results: Our study revealed that condroitin dermatan trisulphate (CD3S), heparin tetrasaccharide (H4Sac), heparin octasaccharide (H8Sac) and heparin octadecasaccharide (H18Sac) showed high inhibition constant, Ki and low inhibition concentration, IC50 in comparison to others. In the thermal stability study, only rhIDS incubated with CD3S was found to preserve enzyme activity (20%) after incubated at 67oC.
Conclusion: Overall, our experiments discovered that CD3S was able to bind, inhibit and chaperone rhIDS. These features suggest a potential pharmacological chaperone for MPS II.
Drug Abuse Patterns of Combined Amphetamine-Type Stimulants and Opioid Dependence in Malay Male Subjects in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Sidek Deeza-Syafiqah , Ahmad Imran , Abu Bakar Ruzilawati , Nik Ibrahim Nik Norizah
Published: January 2022

The objective of this study was to examine the socio-demographic characteristics and drug abused patterns of combined amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) and opioid dependence in Malay Male subjects in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Seventy drug dependent subjects who were diagnosed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV), and 87 control subjects who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed using a questionnaire.The median age (IQR) for drug dependent group was 28.0 (7.68) years old while median age for control group was 24.0 (10.55). The mean (SD) initiation age for ATS was 27.39 (9.79) while the mean (SD) initiation age for opioid was 22.20 (7.19). 57.1% of the drug dependent subjects used injections as their method of opioid ingestion, while 65.7% preferred chase to ingest ATS. Most of the subjects were HIV negative (61.4%). Majority have not sought any treatment regarding their drug usage (71.4%). Most of the drug dependent subjects have been arrested and convicted for drug use (88.6%). However, majority demonstrated no history of arrest or conviction for non-drug related crime (77.1%). This study provides an update on the socio-demographic and drug abuse patterns of combined amphetamine-type stimulants and opioid dependence subjects that may help in combating the alarming increase of the drug abuse.
Cytotoxicity Effect and Morphological Changes of Chrysanthemum Morifolium Methanolic Extract against Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia K-562 Cell Line
Authors: bin Muhamad Noor Muhamad Tarmizi , Mohd Zainuddin Hudaa Zulfaa binti , Bin Abdul Aziz Muhammad Yusran , Bin Tuan Johari Syed Ahmad Tajudin , Binti Wan Osman Wan Nurfarahin
Published: January 2022

Chrysanthemum morifolium, also known as “Bunga kekwa” in Malaysia, has various benefits and widely used in Chinese herbal medicines. The plant extract was reported to have significant biological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-tumour, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer. Nonetheless, its anti-cancer potential on chronic myeloid leukaemia has remained elusive. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of C.morifolium buds and flowers in methanolic extracts on chronic myeloid leukaemia malignancy K-562 cell lines. The bud and flower of C.morifolium were macerated for 72 hours in 100% methanol then were concentrated under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator and oven-dried to obtain crude extracts. K-562 cells were treated with six different concentrations 400, 200, 100, 50, 25, and 12.5 µg/ml and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The in vitro cytotoxic activity was measured using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and was quantified using a microplate reader at 570 nm. Acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining were used to assess morphological alterations. MTT assays results showed moderate toxicity of both extracts. The lowest maximal half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value were observed at 72 hours of incubation; 182 ± 4.04 ug/ml for BM and 161 ± 7.88 ug/ml for flower extract (FM). However, there was a significantly different IC50 value (p<0.05) between the incubation periods of both treatments where the IC50 value at 24 hours was 301.33 ± 8.51 ug/ml 301 µg/ml in BM, 216 ± 10.79 ug/ml 216 µg/ml in FM and at 48 hours was 227 ± 12.25 ug/ml 227 µg/ml in bud extract (BM), 174 ± 11.92 ug/ml 174 µg/ml in FM. The morphological changes evidence was shown in AO/PI staining by the appearance of a mixed population of cells; early apoptosis, late apoptosis and necrotic cells. These findings suggested that methanolic C.morifolium extracts showed moderate cytotoxic effect on chronic myeloid leukaemia K-562 cells. Further study needed to identify the mode and mechanism of cell death in K-562 cells treated with the C.morifolium extracts.
An Investigation of Exposure to the Eyes and Thyroid of Personnel Near to Patient in Abdominal Radiography: A Phantom Study
Authors: Zulkiflee Nur Damia Iwani , Abdullah Kamarul Amin
Published: January 2022

Abdominal radiography is beneficial in a variety of clinical situations. Prior to the introduction of multiplanar imaging, it was considered as the main examination for gastrointestinal pathology. However, the radiation dose received is considered high since it is equivalent to the dose of at least 75 chest radiographs. Personnel including staff or relatives may be required to assist patients in many conditions, increasing unnecessary radiation and the likelihood of radiation-induced cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the radiation dose received by personnel when eyes and thyroid are exposed during abdominal radiography. The Rando and body phantoms were used to represent personnel and patients in this experimental approach. The dose was measured as entrance surface dose (ESD) by using TLD-100, which was positioned at the Rando phantom's eyes and thyroid. The study included a total of twenty exposures, five times at each of four distinct sites. The mean doses (eyes/thyroid in mGy) were (0.083/0.081), (0.090/0.087), (0.093/0.092), and (0.092/0.089), respectively, at locations 1, 2, 3, and 4. The results indicated that there was no correlation between organ and location affecting ESD measurement (p=0.960). There was no significant difference in dose between the two organs (p=0.355), with the mean difference in the eyes being 0.002 more than in the thyroid. The proximity of the eyes to the tube source contributed for the increased dose observed at the eyes. Though ESD was substantial for location pairings 1 vs. 3 (p=0.001) and 1 vs. 4 (p=0.015) owing to the anode-cathode phenomena. In conclusion, personnel should avoid the tube source and cathode region, since they give a greater dose of radiation, particularly when the personnel are closest to the patient and does not have eyes or thyroid protection.
A Retrospective Study of Lacunar Stroke Cases in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) According to Age and Gender
Authors: Binti Mustafa Noor Zuani Asyikin , Mohd Nasir Fairuz , Ghani Azizah Ab
Published: January 2022

Worldwide, stroke was ranked as the second commonest cause of death and the third most common cause of disability-adjusted life-years. Lacunar stroke is one type of stroke.  The aim of this study is to determine the dependability of gender differences in lacunar stroke epidemiology on patient age as the influence of gender on stroke risk and outcome changes across the lifespan. Thus, this study was to identify age, and gender differences among lacunar stroke patients at University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). This study was conducted retrospectively from January 2016 to December 2019 in UMMC. Patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria include a clinical diagnosis of lacunar stroke, age categories of middle age (40 – 59 years old) and older age (60 years and above), as well as undergo CT examination. The exclusion criterion is other than lacunar stroke patients. Patient’s data on gender and age were retrieved from the database PACS of UMMC. The analyzation includes cross tabulation of categorical data and independent t-test. Among 94 cases, higher cases of lacunar stroke are found to occur in men (58.51%). Furthermore, both middle age (13.83%) and older age (44.68%) among male patient shows higher percentage of lacunar incidence compared to female patients. Moreover, old age patients (76.60%) for each gender shows higher percentage of lacunar incidence compared to middle-aged patients (23.30%). Meanwhile the independent t-test result demonstrated that the mean age of female patients (67.79) diagnosed with lacunar stroke is not statistically different from the mean age of male patients (68.47). The study indicated that lacunar stroke is most likely to occur in men either at age 40 or 60 and above. Higher cases were recorded in older category which is at age 60 and above for both genders.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on Maternal Hypertensive Disorder Among Mothers in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Binti Sidek Siti Norsakinah , Abdul Ghani Radiah Binti
Published: January 2022

Maternal hypertensive disorder (MHD) complicates 10% of pregnancy worldwide. In Malaysia, the percentage of maternal deaths due to MHD increased from 2012 to 2017 and did not show any decline yet. Hence, this study was aimed to develop and validate the questionnaires, to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) on MHD, to evaluate the associated factors and any correlation between KAP on MHD. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kuantan, Pahang between January 2020 and March 2020. A convenience sampling was used, and self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 100 respondents that fulfil the criteria. The questionnaire was developed through literature review and validated by five medical experts. Then, the pilot study validation was resulted in 0.894 of Cronbach’s Alpha test, which achieved the reliability between the questions. Most of the respondents had a moderate knowledge (n=63; 63.0%), moderate attitude (n=66; 66.0%) and high practices (n=61; 61.0%) on MHD. There was no significant association between socio-demographic factors and KAP of the respondents. A significant correlation is identified between knowledge and attitude (r=0.613, p<0.001) and knowledge and practice (r =0.326, p=0.001) but no significant association between attitude and practice (r=0.183, p=0.068). In conclusion, this study has revealed that majority of the respondents possess moderate knowledge and attitude, and excellent practice on MHD. Hence, future studies that related to KAP on maternal mortality and morbidity across setting should be done so that the early prevention steps can be taken to accommodate the possible problems that may arise in the future.
Association Between Body Fat Percentage and Level of Physical Activity Among Adolescents in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Authors: Athirah Zulkifli Nur Farisya , Wee Bee Suan
Published: January 2022

Lack of physical activity among adolescents is one of the factors which lead to the accumulation of body fat and increase prevalence of obesity among Malaysian population. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the association between body fat percentage and physical activity level among adolescents in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. This cross-sectional study involved 300 participants consists of 44.7% male and 55.3% female aged between 10 to 16 years old. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height and waist circumference. Body fat percentage (%BF) was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Physical activity was assessed by physical activity questionnaire (PAQ-C) and pedometers in a subsample (n = 50). The result shows that the mean body fat percentage and BMI of the participants were 23.02±9.41% and 20.03±4.77 kg/m2, respectively. Mean PAQ-C score and pedometer steps count for both genders were 1.9±0.42 and 6079±1878, respectively. Male has higher PA level compared to female in their daily life based on PAQ-C score and pedometer steps count. PAQ-C score and pedometer step counts were negatively associated with %BF however there is no significant association between screen time and %BF. As a conclusion, the problems of obesity can be solved by providing strategies to promote active living among adolescents in Malaysia not only focus on increasing physical activity but also emphasise reduction in sedentary behaviours.
The Effect of Family Psychoeducation on Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence of Children in Indonesia
Authors: Kusmiyati Yuni , Suherni  , Purnamaningrum Yuliasti Eka , Handajani Sih Rini , Endranto Agung Jaya , Apay Serap Ejder
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease leading cause of death in the world but treatment adherence the most underrated and understudied factor affecting the outcome of TB therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of family psychoeducation on TB treatment adherence of children. The study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The sample was 40 pairs of primary caregivers and children who received TB treatment and experienced no side effects of anti-TB drugs in Wonosari Hospital Indonesia in 2019. The treatment group was given psychoeducation by trained health personnel psychoeducators, while the control group was given education by health workers. Psychoeducation was carried out individually, 3 meetings in the first week of the study. Adherence was measured at the sixth month which was the end of treatment period, using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that family psychoeducation had a significant effect on TB treatment adherence in children after controlling for mother’s knowledge (P-value 0.05 ≤ 0.05). Family psychoeducation is a preventive factor for non-adherence to TB treatment. It is important that psychoeducation is provided to all TB patients to reduce psychological problems that can lead to treatment non-adherence.
Optimalisasi Reproduksi Sehat bagi Remaja
Authors: Dwihestie Luluk Khusnul , Daryanti Menik Sri
Published: January 2022

Remaja merupakan aset luar biasa untuk kemajuan negara. Pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak pada sebagian besar aktifitas di semua kalangan masyarakat, karena terjadinya perubahan kondisi dalam waktu yang relatif singkat. Sehingga perlu adaptasi kebiasaan sehari-hari yang terarah. Perubahan aktifitas khususnya bagi remaja, tidak hanya berdampak pada aspek fisik, namun juga pada aspek kesehatan jiwa. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi yang benar dan tepat bagi remaja, khususnya di bidang kesehatan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu tahap persiapan dan koordinasi, pelaksanaan edukasi kesehatan mengenai optimalisasi reproduksi sehat bagi remaja, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dihadiri 30 remaja putri, diawali dengan pembagian masker dan booklet, dilanjutkan penyampaian materi reproduksi sehat bagi remaja, tanya jawab dan evaluasi. Monitoring dilaksanakan 1 minggu setelah penyampaian edukasi kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa remaja putri di panti asuhan yatim ‘Aisyiyah mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran diri tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan diri sendiri.
Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Perawatan Keluarga Paliatif melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan
Authors: Sugiyanto Emilia Puspitasari , Prasetyo Candra Hadi , Pramono Wijanarko Heru
Published: January 2022

Upaya peningkatan kemampuan keluarga dalam merawat pasien paliatif perlu ditingkatkan, sebagian besar keluarga mengalami hambatan dalam perawatan salah satunya adalah karena kurang pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang cara perawatan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan keluarga dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada 6 keluarga yang mempunyai pasien paliatif. Analisis yang digunakan adalah anallisis deskriptif dengan menilai prosentase perubahan pengetahuan keluarga dan kemampuan merawat klien. Hasil dari kegiatan pendampingan keluarga juga didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan keluarga tentang penyakit Hipertensi, Stroke dan Hipertensi sebanyak 58,8 % dan 100% keluarga mampu mempraktekan cara melakukan ROM dan senam Kaki Untuk Pasien DM.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa terhadap Vaksinasi Covid-19 melalui Edukasi di SMK Bhakti Kencana Tasikmalaya
Authors: Noprianty Richa , Asnawi Aiyi , Jundiah Jundiah , Widyastuti Linda
Published: January 2022

Program vaksinasi Covid-19 merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengendalikan penyebaran virus Covid-19 yang menjadi pandemic di Indonesia. Program vaksinasi ini masih menimbulkan keraguan dari masyarakat umum terkait dengan efikasi dan keamanannya sehingga dibutuhkan pemberian edukasi yang baik agar masyarakat memahami peran penting dari program vaksinasi. Salah satu yang sasaran yang dapat diberikan penyuluhan adalah remaja yang memiliki mobilitas dan pergerakan yang tinggi. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan kepada siswa SMK Bhakti Kencana Tasikmalaya berupa pemberian edukasi melalui talkshow. Jumlah peserta yang mengikuti berjumlah 179 orang. Pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui online dengan platform zoom meeting. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pemberian edukasi berupa talkshow yang dilakukan secara online via aplikasi zoom. Peserta yang hadir berjumlah 179 orang. Pelaksanaan dimulai dengan pemberian pre test kepada siswa melalui platform google form. Kemudian menayangkan video dari tenaga kesehatan, dari masyarakat yang sudah dilakukan vaksin dan yang belum dilakukan vaksin. Setelah itu, dilakukan talkshow dan diskusi. Di akhir kegiatan, siswa diberikan post test untuk mengevaluasi pemahaman tentang vaksinasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan pemberian edukasi adalah 48.636 dan rata-rata setelah nya adalah 52.262. Hal ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan terhadap vaksinasi sebesar 3,626.
Sosialisasi Efek Samping Vaksin terhadap Pengetahuan Penerima Vaksin di Puskesmas Kewapante
Authors: Keytimu Yosephina Maria Hawa , Nelista Yosefina , Djiona Maria Claudia , Parera Theresia Didang , Funan Fransiska
Published: January 2022

Vaksin merupakan produk biologis yang dapat meningkatkan imunitas spesifik untuk penyakit tertentu.Vaksin juga merupakan salah satu intervensi terbaik yang dikembangkan untuk memberantas COVID-19, menyelamatkan jutaan nyawa setiap tahunnya. Vaksinasi covid dilakukan dengan menjangkau seluruh lapisan masyarakat dari usia 12 tahun sampai dengan 60 tahun yang menyasar masyarakat sehat tanpa penyakit penyerta. Ada sebagian masyarakat yang ragu-ragu bahkan menghindari vaksinasi karena mendapat informasi terkait efek samping yang membahayakan keselamatan mereka.Pengetahuan yang kurang up to date tentang efek samping pemberian vaksinasi ini perlu disosialisasikan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat.Bentuk sosialisasi yang dilakukan pada saat itu yakni ceramah, diskusi dan Tanya jawab menggunakan media laptop dan LCD serta leaflet terkait efek samping vaksin. Jumlah peserta yang mengikuti sosialisasi sebanyak 50 orang, peserta di bagi dalam 5 kelompok yang masing-masing anggota berjumlah 10 orang. Hasil sosialisasi ini mesyarakat yang didominasi usia-usia muda sangat antusias mendengarkan dan banyak memberikan pertanyaan tentang efek samping pemberian vaksin. Langkah evaluasi program dan keberlanjutan program setelah kegiatan PKM selesai dilaksanakan pada setiap bulan dengan melibatkan petugas kesehatan di puskesmas.
Nájem a pacht. Část 2
Authors: MAREK Karel , SADÍLEK Zdeněk
Published: January 2022

Text pojednává o nájmu obecně, o nájmu bytu a nájmu domu, nájmu družstevního bytu a nájmu služebního bytu. Pojednává též o nájmu prostoru sloužícího k podnikání, pronájmu věcí movitých a o nájmu dopravního prostředku. Obsahem článku je i pacht, zemědělský pacht a pacht závodu.
Pengenalan Wajah Menggunakan Pembelajaran Mesin Berdasarkan Ekstraksi Fitur Pada Gambar Wajah Berkualitas Rendah
Authors: Siti Khotimatul Wildah  , Agustiani Sarifah , Ali Mustopa  , Nanik Wuryani  , Hendri Mahmud Nawawi  , Rizky Ade Safitri
Published: January 2022

Wajah merupakan bagian dari sistem biometric dimana wajah manusia memiliki bentuk dan karakteristik yang berbeda antara satu dengan lainnya sehingga wajah dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pengamanan suatu sistem. Proses pengenalan wajah didasarkan pada proses pencocokan dan perbandingan citra yang dimasukan dengan citra yang telah tersimpan di database. Akan tetapi pengenalan wajah menjadi permasalahan yang cukup menantang dikarenakan illuminasi, pose dan ekspresi wajah serta kualitas citra. Oleh sebab itu pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengenalan wajah dengan menggunakan metode machine learning seperti Logistic Regression (LR), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Decision Tree Classifier, Random Forest Classifier (RF), Gaussian NB, K Neighbors Classifier (KNN) dan Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan beberapa metode ekstraksi fitur Hu-Moment, HOG dan Haralick pada dataset Yale Face. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan metode ekstraksi fitur gabungan Hu-Moment, HOG dan Haralick dengan algoritma Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) menghasilkan nilai akurasi tertinggi sebesar 79,71% dibandingkan dengan metode ekstraksi fitur dan algoritma klasifikasi lainnya.
Perancangan dan Analisis Kinematik Dengan Metode Grafis dan Bilangan Kompleks Dari Alat Peraga Engkol Peluncur
Authors: Yogi Saputra  , Muchlisinalahuddin  , Riza Muharni
Published: January 2022

Kinematika teknik adalah ilmu yang mempelajari pergerakan suatu mesin dan komponen yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam suatu perancangan mesin. Perancangan alat peraga kinematika engkol peluncur bertujuan untuk mendapatkan parameter kinematika yang bekerja pada engkol peluncur dengan variasi panjang batang dan kecepatan sudut batang input dimana alat peraga yang menampilkan gerak suatu mekanisme tertentu dianggap memadai dan cukup dalam pembelajaran kinematika dan dinamika teknik mesin, dimana pada masing-masing batang dapat ditentukan variasi dimensi batang dan data yang dihasilkan dari perhitungan akan mendapat besaran kecepatan dan percepatan sudut batang yang terjadi pada mekanisme engkol peluncur. Mekanisme engkol peluncur merupakan mekanisme yang umum dan paling sederhana yang terdiri dari 4 batang hubung. Suatu studi komparatif mengenai. Perhitungan kinematika menggunakan dua metode grafis dan bilangan kompleks dimana pada metode grafis menggunakan perggambaran poligon dan pada metode bilangan kompleks dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan rumus pergerakan trigonometri pada masing-masing sudut dan batang. Rata-rata persentase selisih dari perhitungan parameter kinematika dengan dua metode masih berada pada kisaran normal (dibawah 30%) 0,009 sampai 1,256%. Dari hasil analisa dapat disimpulkan bahwa kecepatan sudut batang 2 sangat mempengaruhi kecepatan dari batang 4 dan juga panjang batang 2 sangat mempengaruhi jarak maksimal pergerakan batang 4 (slider).hal ini dapat dilihat pada pergerakan alat peraga engkol peluncur
Rancang Bangun Tungku Reheating Portable Untuk Proses Forging Pada Laboratorium Teknologi Material
Authors: Feriadi Sidik  , Armila  , Rudi Kurniawan Arief
Published: January 2022

Tungku Reheating adalah tungku yang dipakai sebagai pemanas logam dalam proses forging, dalam pembuatan tungku Reheating bertujuan untuk merancang tungku Reheating dari awal dan mengerjakan tungku Reheating ini hingga selesai dan dapat dipergunakan dengan normal. Pembuatan tungku Reheating ini untuk memproduksi alat perkakas dengan menggunakan logam non ferro dan baja dengan karbon rendah dengan target temperatur 300 °C. Pembuatan tungku Reheating ini adalah tungku yang tahan terhadap api Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali dengan kecepatan kompresor yang berbeda yaitu 706 Rpm, 1222 Rpm dan 1407 Rpm, dengan kecepatan tersebut maka waktu yang dihasilkan untuk mencapai 300 °C pada kecepatan 706 Rpm adalah 276 detik sedangkan pada kecepatan 1222 Rpm adalah 202 detik dan kecepatan 1407 Rpm adalah 156 detik jadi ketika kecepatan semakin tinggi maka waktu yang dibutuhkan dalam mencapai temperatur 300 °C semakin sedikit.
Stability Analysis of Pressure and Penetration Rate in Rotary Drilling System
Authors: Mlayeh Rhouma
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this paper is to stabilize the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore continuously while drilling. A new nonlinear dynamical system is developed and a controller is designed to stabilize the annular pressure and achieve asymptotic tracking by applying feedback control of the main pumps. Hence, the paper studies the control design for the well known Managed Pressure Drilling system (MPD). MPD provides a closedloop drilling process in which pore pressure, formation fracture pressure, and bottomhole pressure are balanced and managed at the surface. Although, responses must provide a solution for critical downhole pressures to preserve drilling efficiency and safety. Our MPD scheme is elaborated in reference to a nontrivial backstepping control procedure and the effectiveness of the proposed control laws are shown by simulations.
Virtuelle Klimatisierung/Virtual Climatization
Authors: Emonts Dominik , Dahlem Philipp , Bodenbenner Matthias , Montavon Benjamin , Schmitt H. Robert
Published: January 2022

Das Ziel der Klimaneutralität erfordert große Veränderungen in der Wirtschaft. Produzierende Unternehmen versuchen diesen Wandel mitzugestalten, ohne dabei ihr Kerngeschäft aufzugeben. Ein attraktives Szenario ist die schrittweise Effizienzsteigerung der Produktion. Die Virtuelle Klimatisierung kann hierbei eine Schlüsselrolle einnehmen und hoch energie- aufwendige Klimatisierungsmaßnahmen vermeiden. Die Autoren erforschen Enabling-Technologien für eine industrielle Umsetzung auf Werkzeugmaschinen und stellen in diesem Beitrag entsprechende Sensor-, Modell- und Dateninfrastrukturen vor.

 

The goal of climate neutrality requires major changes in the economy. Manufacturing companies are attempting to implement this change without giving up their core business. One attractive scenario is the gradual increase in production efficiency. Virtual Climatization can play a key role here and avoid highly energy-intensive air conditioning measures. The authors explore enabling technologies for an industrial implementation for machine tools and present corresponding sensor, model and data infrastructures.