bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara (Utilization of Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi)
Authors: Rumanasen Baren , Saroyo Saroyo , Maabuat Pience
Published: July 2019

Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara(Utilization of  Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi) Baren Anggyon Rumanasen1)*, Saroyo1), Pience Maabuat1)1)Program Studi Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: rumanasenanggy@gmail.com Diterima  15 Januari 2019, diterima untuk publikasi 28 Februari 2019 Abstrak Tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) adalah hewan endemik Sulawesi, yang oleh IUCN status konservasinya masih kurang diperhatikan. Ancaman utama tikus ekor putih adalah perburuan untuk dijual.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan strata hutan oleh tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengamatan menggunakan metode garis transek, dua garis transek dibuat masing-masing pada hutan primer dan hutan sekunder, panjang garis transek masing-masing 2 km dengan lebar 20 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di hutan primer tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum B sebesar 7,59%, dan stratum C 92,40%. Pada hutan sekunder tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum C sebesar 100%. Aktivitas yang dilakukan tikus ekor putih pada hutan primer, mencari makan sebesar 56,96%, aktivitas berpindah sebesar 30,37%, aktivitas makan sebesar 5,06%, dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 7,59%. Pada hutan sekunder, sebesar 15,06%, aktivitas makan (2,73%),dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 27,39%.Kata kunci: tikus ekor putih, aktivitas, strata hutan, Gunung Klabat Abstract White-tailed mice (Maxomys hellwaldii) are endemic to Sulawesi, which by the IUCN (The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) still lacks attention to conservation status. The main threat to white-tailed mice is hunting for sale. The study used the transect line method, two transect lines were made in primary forest and two transect lines were made in secondary forest, the length of the transect line was 2 km in width and 20 m in width. The results showed that in primary forest white-tailed mice made use of stratum B of (7.59%), and stratum C was (92.40%). Whereas in the secondary forest white tail rats only use the C stratum, which is equal to 100%. Activities carried out by white-tailed rats were in primary forests, foraging for (56.96%), moving activities by (30.37%), eating activities by (5.06%), and resting activities at (7.59 %). In secondary forests, white-tailed mice looked for food (54.79%), shifting activity (15.06%), eating activities (2.73%), and resting activities (27.39%).Keywords: white-tailed mice, activity, forest strates, Klabat Mountain
Pola Variasi Reguler Medan Magnet Bumi Di Tondano
Authors: Prasetyo Teguh , Tanauma Adey , . As'ari
Published: July 2019

Data variasi medan magnet bumi komponen horisontal diambil dari komputer akuisisi yang merekam data secara real time. Dibuat grafik data magnet bumi komponen horisontal versus waktu per hari. Dipilih grafik quite days dan dibandingkan dengan quiet days di Lerwick (Inggris). Dihitung nilai rata-rata dari Quiet days yang sama perbulan untuk dijadikan pola variasi reguler bulanan, sehingga dalam satu tahun dapat dibuat dua belas pola variasi reguler medan magnet bumi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa variasi reguler medan magnet bumi polanya teratur, nilai variasi tertinggi berkisar 39308,3– 39409,5 nT pada kisaran waktu 02:39–03:38 Universal Time. Pola variasi reguler medan magnet bumi digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menganalisis variasi harian medan magnet bumi. Pada tahun 2011 tercatat badai besar geomagnet sebanyak 11 kali yang nilai variasinya berkisar 71–20 nT dengan nilai K indeks sama dengan lima.Data variation of the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field was taken from the acquisition computer which records data in real time. Graphs describing the horizontal component data versus time were created daily. Graphs of quiet days were selected and compared with quiet days in Lerwick (England). Average value the same of quiet days were calculated in order to create monthly regular variation pattern, so that in one year there were twelve regular variation patterns of the earth 's magnetic field created. The results showed that the regular variations of the earth 's magnetic field is on a regular pattern, the value of the highest variation ranged 39308.3-39409.5 nT at around 2:39 to 3:38 Universal Time. Regular variation patterns of the earth 's magnetic field were used as references for analyzing the daily variation of the earth 's magnetic field. In 2011, the large geomagnetic storms were recorded 11 times, the value of the variation range 71–20 nT with the K index value equal to five.
Community Structure of Cucumber (Holothuroidea) in Kakara Island Village Beach Subdistrict Tobelo
Authors: Gasango Herni , Manu Gaspar D , Tamanampo Jan FWS
Published: July 2019

Sea cucumbers are marine resources that have economically important value and one potential sufficient resources to serve nutritious meals so that the exploitation of this resource will continue to increase for food need. This can lead to changes in community structure. Sampling was done at night while the lowest ebb on August 20, 2013. The objective of this research work was to identity the species, the species to determine composition, and the population density and to know the species dominance, species diversity, and determine the form of interspecific association. Based on the results of research conducted in the District Tobelo Beach Island District Kakara Tobelo sea cucumber species found were 8 species, Holothuria atra, Actinopygia lecanora, Stichopus horrens, Bohadschia argus, Holothuria hilla, Actinopygia achinites, Holothuria pardalis, and Bohadschia marmorata. The diversity index H '= 1.9463, equity index or harmony e = 0.9359, and dominance index C = 0.1592. In addition, among 8 species associations if formed 9 pairs of positive associations and 19 pairs of negative associations.   Keywords : Structure communities, Holothuroidea, Tobelo
Produksi Akuakultur dan Dampak Nutrifikasi Perairan Danau Tondano
Authors: Rawung Meilona Priskila , Salindeho Indra R. N. , Tumembouw Sipriana
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to determine the level of aquaculture production Tondano and determine the impact of the production level of the waters of Lake Tondano nutrifikasi . The data collected in this study , consisting of primary data and secondary data . Production data obtained from the questionnaire and interviews to farmers fish there , as well as data obtained from the Department of Fisheries and Village Head Office . Water sampling to determine levels of phosphate in the waters of the lake . Water sampling conducted on six (6 ) locations: Village Ranomerut , Eris Village , Village Paslaten , Leleko Village , Village and Village Paleloan Toulour . Sampling was conducted at six (6 ) points to pay attention to the position of the inlet and outlet of the waters of Lake Tondano . Tondano aquaculture production in 2014 was estimated at 1222.12 tons / year . Number KJT operated as many as 978 units . There was a decrease in aquaculture production annually over a period of 2001 - 2014. Followed by the declining number of KJT on Lake Tondano . Phosphates were donated to the waters of fish farming activities from the rest of the feed pellets . The content of orthophosphate in the waters of Lake Tondano of 0.06 mg / l means the waters of the lake are in a safe condition Tondano not pass the specified limits ( PP RI No. 82 of 2001 ) . The decline in aquaculture production decline followed Tondano phosphorus content in Lake Tondano . Another factor that is expected to also affect the amount of water hyacinth around the lake so that the phosphorus content is also on the wane . keywords : Lake Tondano, Production, Nutrification
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS TERIPANG (HOLOTHUROIDEA) DI KAWASAN PANTAI DESA ONDONG KECAMATAN SIAU BARAT KABUPATEN SIAU TAGULANDANG BIARO1
Authors: Lagio Syafludin , Lumingas Lawrence J.L. , Manu Gaspar D.
Published: July 2019

Sea cucumbers is a group of marine invertebrates belonging to class  holothuroidea. At this time, the hunting for sea cucumber is not just targetted on the expensive species, but also the cheap one. The exploitation pressure has caused population decline which  can cause changes in their community structure. This research was aimed to understand the types of sea cucumber, analyze the structure of the community sea cucumber which includes the density of individuals, diversity index, the dominance index, interspecific  and the dispersion pattern. Sample collection was done at night at the lowest tide in December, 2013. Based on the research activities in the coastal areas of Ondong, west Siau district, Siau-Tagulandang-Biaro regency, 7 species of holothuroidea were found : Holothuria atra, Holothuria leucospilota, Actinopyga echinites, Actinopyga lecanora, Bohadschia argus, Bohadschia marmorata and bohadschia vitiensis, respectively with mean individual density of 0.797 ind/m2, diversity index (H’ = 1.718), equity index or harmony (e = 0. 883), dominance index (C = 0.218), interspecific association between 7 species forming 5 pairs of positive associations and 16 pairs of negative association andrandomdistribution. Keywords : Structure communities, sea cucumber, Ondong, Sitaro   ABSTRAK Teripangadalah sekelompokinvertebrata lautyang termasuk dalam kelasHolothuroidea. Pada saat ini, perburuanuntukteripangtidak hanyaditargetkanpada spesiesmahal, tetapi jugayang murah. Tekananeksploitasitelah menyebabkanpenurunan populasiyang dapat menyebabkanperubahan pada strukturkomunitasnya. Penelitian inibertujuan untukmemahami jenisteripang, menganalisisstrukturteripangyang meliputikepadatanindividu, indeks keanekaragaman, indeksdominasi, asosiasi antar spesies danpola penyebaran. Pengambilan sampeldilakukanpada malam harisaat surut terendahpada bulan Desember2013.Berdasarkankegiatan penelitiandiwilayah pesisirOndong, kecamatan SiaubaratKabupatenSiau-Tagulandang-Biaro, ditemukan 7spesiesteripang : Holothuriaatra, Holothurialeucospilota, Actinopygaechinites, Actinopygalecanora, Bohadschiaargus, Bohadschiamarmoratadanbohadschiavitiensis,masing-masing dengankepadatan individurata-rata0.797ind/m, indeks keanekaragaman(H' = 1.718), indekskemerataan atau keserasian(e = 0.883), indeksdominansi(C = 0.218), asosiasiantar 7spesiesmembentuk5pasangasosiasipositif dan16pasangasosiasinegatif danpenyebaran acak.   Kata kunci : Struktur komunitas, teripang, Ondong, Sitaro   1Bagian dari skripsi 2Mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan FPIK-UNSRAT 3Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi
CO2 Absorptibility of Seagrass, Enhalus acoroides, From Tongkaina Coast, North Minahasa, North Sulawesi Province
Authors: Kondoy Khristin I. F.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Climate change results from increase in green house effect and particles in the atmosphere. It comes from 1) fossil fuel combustion, green house gas removals, such as CO2, called  “brown carbon”, and dust particles called “black carbon”; 2) emission from forest vegetation clear cut, forest fire, and agricultural activities (fertilizer); 3) low ability of the natural ecosystem to absorb  carbon in photosynthesis and store it called “green carbon”. Seagrass can function to absorb CO2 in photosynthesis that produces biomass providing important storage of carbon. Carbon held in a vegetation is separated into aboveground carbon and underground carbon. CO2 absorptibility measurement used carbohydrate method. This measurement was aimed to know the ability of the seagrass, E. Acoroides, to absorb  CO2 through the carbohydrate content of the leaf. Results showed that CO2 absorptibility per individual of  E. acoroides was 0.50 g and the net absorptibility was 145.5 (g/Ha/hour. Keyword: seagrass, CO2, E.acoroides ABSTRAK Perubahan iklim disebabkan karena meningkatnya kandungan gas rumah kaca dan partikel di atmosfer. Pertama, disebabkan karena pembakaran bahan bakar fosil, pelepasan gas rumah kaca seperti CO2, dikenal sebagai “brown carbon”, dan partikel debu, dikenal sebagai “black carbon”. Kedua, disebabkan karena emisi yang berasal dari penebangan vegetasi hutan, kebakaran hutan, dan emisi dari kegiatan pertanian (pupuk). Ketiga, disebabkan karena pengurangan kemampuan ekosistem alami untuk menyerap karbon dalam proses fotosintesis dan menyimpannya, dikenal sebagai “green carbon”. Lamun dapat berperan dalam menyerap CO2 dalam proses fotosintesis. Fotosintesis pada lamun tersebut menghasilkan biomassa yang menyediakan simpanan penting karbon. Cadangan karbon yang tersimpan pada suatu vegetasi terbagi menjadi karbon di atas permukaan (above gound carbon) dan karbon yang berada di bawah permukaan atau dalam tanah (below gound carbon). Pengukuran daya serap CO2 dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode karbohidrat  Pengukuran ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tumbuhan lamun E. acoroides yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian dalam menyerap CO2 melalui kandungan karbohidrat daun. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah daya serap CO2 per individu  E. acoroides adalah 0,50 g dan daya  serap bersih per hektar luas lahan (E. acoroides 145.5 (g/Ha/jam). Kata Kunci: Lamun, CO2, E.acoroides 1Staf pengajarFakultasPerikanandanIlmuKelautanUniversitas Sam Ratulangi
Bacillus sp. As a Decomposition Agent in The Maintenance of Brachionus rotundiformis Which Uses Raw Fish As a Source of Nutrition
Authors: Napitupulu Hatopan G. , Rumengan Inneke F. M. , Wullur Stenlly , Ginting Elvy L. , Rimper Joice R. T. S. L. , Toloh Boyke H.
Published: July 2019

The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Marine Molecular Biology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University. This research aims to isolate and analyze the morphology and molecular types of bacteria associated in rotifer’s culture media that use fisheries waste.The research was begin by culturing bacteria in rotifer maintenance media using Nutrient Broth media. After bacterial isolates were obtained, morphological characterization and DNA extraction was carried out. extraction was done using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen). After DNA was obtained, DNA was amplified through the Polymerase Reaction Chain (PCR) machine using a 16S RNA primer, followed by the separation of PCR products through electrophoresis and detection through UV Transluminator. The target PCR product was determined by comparing the 100 bp ladder DNA, with a yield of around 1400 bp, which was measured using ladder DNA available in the laboratory. The DNA that was successfully amplified was sent to be sequenced to determine the species of each microbe obtained.Based on the results of the research conducted, obtained Bacillus sp. bacteria associated with rotifer maintenance media.Keywords: Bacteria, Culture Media, DNA Extraction, PCR, Sequencing ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler dan Farmasetika Laut, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Sam Ratulangi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menganalisis morfologi dan molekuler jenis-jenis bakteri yang berasosiasi dalam media pemeliharaan rotifer yang menggunakan limbah perikanan.Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengkultur bakteri yang ada pada media pemeliharaan rotifer menggunakan media Nutrient Broth. Setelah isolat bakteri didapatkan, dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi dan dilakukan ekstraksi DNA.  ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen).  Setelah DNA didapatkan, DNA diamplifikasi melalui mesin Polymerase Reaction Chain (PCR) menggunakan primer 16S RNA, diikuti dengan pemisahan produk PCR melalui electrophorisis dan deteksi melalui UV Transluminator. Produk PCR target ditentukan dengan membandingkan ladder DNA 100 bp, dengan hasil sekitar 1400 bp, yang diukur menggunakan ladder DNA yang tersedia di laboratorium.  DNA yang berhasil diamplifikasi, dikirim untuk dilakukan sekuensing untuk mengetahui spesies dari setiap mikroba yang didapatkan.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh bakteri Bacillus sp. yang berasosiasi pada media pemeliharaan rotifer. Kata Kunci: Bakteri,  Media Pemeliharaan, Ekstraksi DNA, PCR, Sekuensing
Simulasi pengaruh lunas terhadap stabilitas kapal purse seine yang berpangkalan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tumumpa Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Arfah Syamtiar , Dien Heffry V. , Pamikiran Revols D.Ch.
Published: July 2019

Lunas kapal merupakan bagian konstruksi terpenting pada sebuah kapal. Lunas pada pembuatan kontruksi kapal hendaknya memiliki kriteria yang baik seperti terbuat dari bahan yang kuat, keras tidak mudah patah dan memiliki massa jenis yang lebih besar dari air. Stabilitas merupakan syarat utama sebuah kapal agar dapat berlayar dengan aman di laut. Stabilitas adalah kemampuan kapal untuk kembali keposisi semula setelah mendapatkan pengaruh gaya-gaya dari dalam maupun luar kapal seperti angin, ombak, arus dan sebagainya. Pada penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh ketebalan lunas luar terhadp stabilitas kapal. Metode simulasi dengan menggunakan aplikasi multisurf7 digunakan pada penelitian ini. Dari hasil analisis stabilitas pada 3 kondisi kapal yang berbeda yaitu; kondisi 1 (tidak menggunakan lunas), kondisi 2 (lunas dengan ketebalan 0.20cm), dan kondisi 3 (lunas dengan ketebalan 0.40cm), maka didapatkan hasil bahwa penambahan ketebalan lunas luar dapat meningkatkan kestabilan kapal tetapi mempengaruhi sudut kemiringan kapal sehingga dapat mengurangi daya muat kapal tersebut.
Perbandingan hasil tangkapan tuna hand line dengan teknik pengoperasian yang berbeda di Laut Maluku
Authors: Karyanto K , Reppie Emil , Budiman Johnny
Published: July 2019

Pancing ulur tuna telah digunakan secara luas oleh nelayan di Laut Sulawesi dan sekitarnya untuk menangkap ikan pelagis besar dengan kapal-kapal ukuran kecil. Walaupun konstruksinya telah berkembang sejak lama, tetapi masih memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penangkapan dan selektivitasnya. Keberhasilan penangkapan tuna hand line, di samping dipengaruhi oleh umpan, juga dipengaruhi oleh teknik pengoperasian. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hasil tangkapan tuna hand line dengan teknik pengoperasian yang berbeda di perairan Maluku. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September-November 2014 dengan menggunakan KM. Coelacanth dan KM. Melati 27, masing-masing sebanyak 6 trim. Dua teknik pengoperasian tuna hand line yang berbeda adalah 1. umpan alami pemberat batu dan tinta cumi (KM. Coelacanth), 2. umpan alami dengan kantong hambur (KM Melati 27). Hasil tangkapan KM. Coelacanth sebanyak 111 ekor madidihang (Thunnus albacares), 28 ekor tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus), 14 ekor marlin (Makaira sp.), dan 8 ekor layaran (Istiophorus sp). Hasil tangkapan KM. Melati 27: 101 ekor madidihang dan 9 ekor tuna mata besar. Hasil analisis uji t terhadap jumlah tangkapan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan umpan alami berpemberat batu dan tinta cumi tidak berbeda nyata dengan hasil tangkapan menggunakan umpan alami kantong hambur.
Studi tentang olengan bebas dan tahanan total kapal model uji di Laboratorium Kepelautan
Authors: Manas Alian , Masengi Kawilarang W.A. , Kumajas Henry J.
Published: July 2019

Semakin disadari akan pentingnya penerapan teknologi yang lebih maju dalam mengkaji aspek kelautan, terutama dalam memanfaatkan sumberdaya perikanan secara optimal dengan menggunakan sarana yang memadai. Olehnya, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh bentuk dan perubahan trim kapal terhadap tahanan total dan kestabilan dua kapal model uji yang datanya diperoleh pada kapal fibreglass (5 dan 30 GT) yang berpangkalan di beberapa pelabuhan perikanan di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan antara lain: pengukuran utama dimensi kapal, penggambaran lambung kapal dengan teknik pantograf, dan penggambaran kembali lambung kapal dengan menggunakan aplikasi komputer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) stabilitas dari kapal model 5 GT relatif lebih stabil dari pada 30 GT; (2) kapal model 5 GT memiliki nilai tahanan total lebih besar oleh karena bentuk bodi kapal dan lambung kapal yang berbentuk gemuk.
Pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan lema (Ratrelliger kanagurta) yang berbasis kearifan lokal di Kampung Warsamdin dan Lopintol, Distrik Teluk Mayalibit, Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Najamudin Wahalid , Reppie Emil , Manoppo Lefrand
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT People in the villages of Lopintol and Warsamdin, Raja Ampat have local knowledge called lobe in managing mackerel resource (Rastrelliger kanagurta), which set the pattern of utilization and do not damage the ecosystem of coastal waters through a religious approach. The purpose of this research is to describe the local knowledge of Lopintol and Warsamdin villages communities in managing mackerel resources; to inventory and identify the type of goto used; and to determine the composition of catch length.           This research was conducted in December 2014. Lobe is local knowledge about catching mackerel, which is attracted with light at night in the middle of the bay; directed to shore up into the goto, then captured with a scoop net. The amount goto in Lopintol village is 44 units and entirely made of stone; while in Warsamdin village is 24 units; where 14 units made of stone, 4 units made of board, and 6 units made of wood. The catch during the study (14 trips) is 12516 fish. The percentage of fish fork length of 20-20.9 cm was 7. 3%, 21-21.9 cm (37.7 %), 22-22.9 cm (15,0%), and fork length 23-23.9 was 39.9%. The fish caught had generally already ever done spawning reproduction. Keywords: mackerel, lobe wisdom, goto, Mayalibit Bay   ABSTRAK Masyarakat di Kampung Warsamdin dan Kampung Lopintol, Kabupaten Raja Ampat memiliki kearifan lokal yang disebut lobe dalam mengelola sumberdaya ikan lema (Rastrelliger kanagurta) dengan mengatur pola pemanfaatan serta tidak merusak ekosistem perairan pantai melalui pendekatan religius yang mereka anut. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal masyarakat kampung Warsamdin dan Lopintol dalam mengelola sumberdaya ikan lema; mengidentifikasi jenis goto yang digunakan dan mengetahui komposisi ukuran panjang hasil tangkapan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2014. Lobe merupakan pengetahuan lokal tentang penangkapan ikan kembung yang dikumpulkan dengan cahaya lampu pada malam hari di tengah teluk, kemudian digiring ke pantai sampai masuk ke dalam goto, kemudian ditangkap dengan serok. Jumlah goto yang ada di kampung Lopintol sebanyak 44 goto seluruhnya goto batu, sedangkan di kampung Warsamdin sebanyak 24 buah yang terdiri dari goto batu 14 unit, goto papan 4 unit dan goto kayu 6 unit. Hasil tangkapan selama penelitian (14 trip) berjumlah 12.516 ekor. Presentase panjang garpu ikan 20-20,9 cm sebanyak 7,3%, 21-21,9 cm (37,7%), 22-22,9 cm (15,0%) dan 23-23,9 cm sebanyak 39,9%. Ikan-ikan yang tertangkap umumnya sudah pernah memijah. Kata-kata kunci: ikan kembung, kearifan lobe, goto, Teluk Mayalibit
Studi tentang pengaruh perbedaan daya mesin terhadap kecepatan dan konsumsi bahan bakar minyak pada perahu pakura (Study of the effect of engine power difference on speed and fuel consumption of pakura boats)
Authors: Tumigolung Stefanny S. , Pangalila Fransisco P.T. , Kaparang Frangky E.
Published: July 2019

The fishing boat fleet, seeking for a kind of fishing gear. One of the most common fishing boat types in Bitung Oceanic Fishing Port is pambut (Pumpboat). The researcher is concerned about the effect of engine power difference on speed and fuel consumption of pakura boats. The objective of the research is to determine the speeds of boat in the operation and to determine the average consumption of fuel of engine by in different horse power.  The method used in this research is the experimental method. The primary data is stored at the same time as the observations performed by the target system. The effect of engine throttle opening with the speed and fuel consumption is analyzed by a regression that uses Microsoft excel. The relation data is denoted in interpretation with table, grafic and a form of a sentence.  In conlusion, the best speed of the 6.5 HP is 7.57 knots while the 9 HP powered are 8,96 knots. The best fuel consumption of engine that powered 6.5 HP is averaged 2.87 l/hr while the engine powered 9 HP an average of 4.40 l/hr.Keywords: pakura, speed, fuel AbstrakArmada penangkap ikan, mengusahakan berbagai macam jenis alat tangkap ikan. Salah satu jenis kapal penangkap ikan yang umum terdapat di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bitung yaitu pambut (Pumpboat). Peneliti merasa  perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang Studi tentang pengaruh perbedaan daya mesin terhadap kecepatan dan konsumsi bahan bakar minyak pada perahu pakura. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan kecepatan terbaik  perahu pakura dalam operasi penangkapan ikan dengan daya mesin yang berbeda dan menentukan rata-rata konsumsi bahanbakar yang dibutuhkan perahu pakura dalam melakukan operasi penangkapan ikan dengan daya mesin yang berbeda.  Data primer yaitu data yang diambil langsung pada saat pengamatan yang dilakukan dengan cara target system. Hubungan bukaan gas dengan kecepatan dan konsumsi bahan bakar minyak (BBM) akan dianalisa dengan analisa regresi yang menggunakan Microsoft excel. Data hubungan tersebut digambarkan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik yang di interpretasi dalam bentuk kalimat.  Kecepatan yang terbaik pada mesin yang berdaya 6,5 HP adalah 7,57 knot sedangkan pada mesin yang berdaya 9 HP adalah 8, 96 knot. Konsumsi BBM  yang terbaik pada mesin yang berdaya 6,5 HP adalah rata-rata  2,87 l/jam sedangkan pada mesin yang berdaya 9 HP rata-rata 4,40  l/jam.Kata kunci : pakura, kecepatan, bahan bakar
Fluktuasi Musiman Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis): Studi Kasus Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bitung (Seasonal Fluctuation of Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis): Case Study of Bitung Oceanic Fishing Port)
Authors: Taib Ismanto A.R. , Manu Lusia , Luasunaung Alfred
Published: July 2019

In this study we determined the seasonal catch fluctuations of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) which landed at the Bitung Oceanic Fishing Port using descriptive method through case study approach. Data were analysed using analyzes period methods. The results indicated that the high seasonal index occurred from March to October, where the peak season occurred in May and August, and the respective indexes were 0.23 and 0.22 or equivalent to the catch average of 2.98 and 3.00 tons; and the low fishing season index was from November to February, which the lowest seasonal index of -0.36 occurred in December or equivalent to the catch average of 1.56 tonKeywords: fishing season, fluctuation, skipjack, Bitung ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fluktuasi musim penangkapan ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Bitung dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Data dianalasis menggunakan metode analisis periode.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Indeks musim yang besar terjadi pada bulan Maret sampai Oktober, dimana puncak musim terjadi pada bulan Mei dan Agustus dengan index masing-masing sebesar 0,23 dan 0,22 atau hasil tangkapan rata-rata 2,98 dan 3,00 ton, dan indeks musim penangkapan terkecil berada pada bulan November – Februari, dimana indeks musim terendah terjadi pada bulan Desember yakni sebesar 0,36 atau rata-rata tangkapan sebesar1,56 tonKata-kata kunci : Musim penangkapan, fluktuasi, Cakalang, Bitung
Assessing the Impact of Mailing Self-Sampling Kits for Human Papillomavirus Testing to Unscreened Non-Responder Women in Manitoba
Authors: Jalili F. , O’Conaill C. , Templeton K. , Lotocki R. , Fischer G. , Manning L. , Cormier K. , Decker K.
Published: July 2019

Background: CervixCheck, Manitoba’s cervical cancer screening program, conducted a pilot study to assess whether screening participation could be improved in unscreened women by offering a mailed self-sampling kit for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing instead of a Pap test. Methods: In a prospective cohort study design, a sample of unscreened women (n = 1052) who had been sent an invitation letter from CervixCheck in the past but who did not respond were randomized to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received a mailed HPV self-sampling kit; the control group received no additional communication. Returned HPV self-sampling swabs were analyzed by a provincial laboratory. After 6 months, screening participation in the two study groups was compared using a logistic regression model adjusted for age and area of residence (urban or rural). Secondary outcomes included HPV positivity, specimen inadequacy, compliance with follow-up, and time to colposcopy. Results: Screening participation was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (n = 51, 9.6%, vs. n = 13, 2.5%; odds ratio: 4.7; 95% confidence interval: 2.56 to 8.77). Geographic area of residence (urban or rural) and age were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that HPV self-sampling kits can enhance screening participation in unscreened non-responder women in the setting of an organized screening program. Next steps should include additional research to determine the best implementation strategy for HPV self-sampling in Manitoba.
Microbubbles Decorated with Dendronized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Imaging. Effective Stabilization via Fluorous Interactions
Authors: Shi Da , Wallyn Justine , Nguyen Dinh-Vu , Perton Francis , Felder-Flesch Delphine , Bégin-Colin Sylvie , Maaloum Mounir , Krafft Marie Pierre
Published: July 2019

Dendrons fitted with three oligoethylene glycol (OEG) chains, one of which carrying a fluorinated or hydrogenated end group, and bearing a bisphosphonate polar head (C
n
X2

n

+1OEG8Den, X = F or H; n= 2 or 4) were synthesized and grafted on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for microbubble-mediated imaging and therapeutic purposes. The size and stability of the dendronized IONPs (IONP@C
n
X2

n

+1OEG8Den) in aqueous dispersions were monitored by dynamic light scattering. Investigation of the spontaneous adsorption of IONP@C
n
X2

n

+1OEG8Den at the interface between air - or air saturated with perfluorohexane - and an aqueous phase establishes that exposure to the fluorocarbon gas markedly increases the rate of adsorption of the dendronized IONPs to the gas/water interface and decreases the equilibrium interfacial tension. This suggests that fluorous interactions are at play between the supernatant fluorocarbon gas and the fluorinated end groups of the dendrons. Furthermore, small, stable perfluorohexane-stabilized microbubbles (MBs) with a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) shell that incorporates IONP@C
n
X2

n

+1OEG8Den (DPPC/Fe molar ratio 28:1) were prepared and characterized using both optical microscopy and an acoustical method of size determination. The dendrons fitted with fluorinated end groups lead to smaller and more stable MBs than those fitted with hydrogenated groups. The most effective result is already obtained with C2F5, for which MBs, ~1.0mm in radius, reach a half-life of ~6.0 h. An atomic force microscopy investigation of spin-coated mixed films of DPPC/IONP@C2X5OEG8Den combinations (molar ratio 28:1) shows that the IONPs grafted with the fluorinated dendrons are located within the phospholipid film, while those grafted with the hydrocarbon dendrons are completely absent from the phospholipid film.
VR CCD Photometry of Variable Stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 4147
Authors: Lata Sneh , Pandey A. K. , Pandey J. C. , Yadav R. K. S. , Pandey Shashi B. , Gupta Aashish , Bangia Tarun , Chand Hum , Jaiswar Mukesh K. , Joshi Yogesh C. , Joshi Mohit , Kumar Brijesh , Kumar T. S. , Medhi Biman J. , Misra Kuntal , Nanjappa Nandish , Pant Jaysreekar , Purushottam  , Reddy B. Krishna , Sahu Sanjit , Sharma Saurabh , Uddin Wahab , Yadav Shobhit
Published: July 2019

We present results of a search for variable stars in a region of the globular cluster NGC 4147 based on photometric observations with a 4K × 4K CCD imager mounted at the axial port of the recently installed 3.6 m Devasthal optical telescope at Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Nainital, India. We performed time series photometry of NGC 4147 in the V and R bands, and identified 42 periodic variables in the region of NGC 4147, 28 of which have been detected for the first time. Seventeen variable stars are located within the half-light radius ≲0.′48, of which 10 stars are newly identified variables. Two of the 10 variables are located within the core radius ≲0.′09. Based on their location in the V/(V − R) color–magnitude diagram and variability characteristics, seven, eight, five, and one newly identified probable member variables are classified as RRc, EA/E, EW, and SX Phe, respectively. The metallicity of NGC 4147 estimated from the light curves of RRab and RRc stars with the help of Fourier decomposition is found to be characteristic of Oosterhoff II. The distance derived using the light curves of RRab stars is consistent with that obtained from the observed V/(V − R) color–magnitude diagram.
The G305 Star-forming Region. I. Newly Classified Hot Stars*
Authors: Borissova Jura , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Covey Kevin , Medina Nicolas , Kurtev Radostin , Roman-Zuniga Carlos , Kuhn M. A. , Contreras Peña Carlos , Lucas Philip , Ramirez Alegria Sebastian , Minniti Dante , Kounkel Marina , Stringfellow Guy , Barbá Rodolfo H. , Suárez Genaro
Published: July 2019

The relatively nearby star-forming complex G305 is one of the most luminous H ii regions in the Galaxy, and it contains several sites and epochs of star formation. Using a combination of near-infrared photometry from “Vista Variables in Via Lactea” ESO Large Public Survey, SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 spectra, and Gaia DR2 photometry and astrometry, we report on 29 OB type, Wolf–Rayet, and emission-line stars, 18 of which are newly classified. Most of these hot stars belongs to the main sequence, although some stars of class I are also proposed. The mean radial velocity is RV = −41.8

. The average spectroscopic distance is 3.2 ± 1.6 kpc, while the Gaia DR2 average distance is 3.7 ± 1.8 kpc. Eight objects show light-curve variations with amplitudes greater than 0.5 mag in the K

S
band.
Nucleosynthetic Sr–Nd Isotope Correlations in Chondrites: Evidence for Nebular Thermal Processing and Dust Transportation in the Early Solar System
Authors: Fukai Ryota , Yokoyama Tetsuya
Published: July 2019

We conducted high-precision Sr and Nd isotopic measurements in bulk chondrites using a complete sample digestion technique. Our new data indicate that enstatite and ordinary chondrites possess uniform and small, but resolvable, Sr and Nd isotopic deviations from terrestrial rocks. In contrast, the Sr isotope ratios varied across different classes of carbonaceous chondrites (CM, CO, and CV). The deviation of data from the s-process mixing line in Sr–Nd isotopic space likely resulted from the incorporation of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) into carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies. Planetary-scale Sr and Nd isotopic heterogeneities among terrestrial rocks, enstatite, ordinary chondrites, and CAI-subtracted carbonaceous chondrites suggest a heterogeneous distribution of s-process-enriched materials in the early solar system, probably caused by nebular thermal processing. The observed Sr and Nd isotopic variation across the CAI-subtracted carbonaceous chondrites cannot be explained solely by nebular thermal processing, but is likely attributable to s-process-depleted silicate grains that repeatedly circulated among the early solar system. These grains were transferred and incorporated at varying degrees into the formation region of the parent bodies of individual carbonaceous chondrites.
Near-infrared Spectroscopy of Galaxies During Reionization: Measuring C iii] in a Galaxy at z = 7.5
Authors: Hutchison Taylor A. , Papovich Casey , Finkelstein Steven L. , Dickinson Mark , Jung Intae , Zitrin Adi , Ellis Richard , Malhotra Sangeeta , Rhoads James , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Song Mimi , Tilvi Vithal
Published: July 2019

We present Keck/MOSFIRE H-band spectroscopy targeting C iii] λ1907, 1909 in a z = 7.5056 galaxy previously identified via Lyα emission. We detect strong line emission at

with a line flux of (2.63 ± 0.52) × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2. We tentatively identify this line as [C iii] λ1907, but we are unable to detect C iii] λ1909 owing to sky emission at the expected location. This gives a galaxy systemic redshift,

, with a velocity offset to Lyα of

 = 88 ± 27 km s−1. The ratio of combined C iii]/Lyα is 0.30–0.45, one of the highest values measured for any z > 2 galaxy. We do not detect Si iii] λλ1883, 1892, and place an upper limit on Si iii]/C iii] < 0.35 (2σ). Comparing our results to photoionization models, the C iii] equivalent width (W
C iii] = 16.23 ± 2.32 Å), low Si iii]/C iii] ratio, and high implied [O iii] equivalent width (from the Spitzer/IRAC [3.6]–[4.5] ≃ 0.8 mag color) require subsolar metallicities (Z ≃ 0.1–0.2 Z
⊙) and a high ionization parameter, log U ≳ −1.5. These results favor models that produce higher ionization, such as the bpass  models for the photospheres of high-mass stars, and that include both binary stellar populations and/or an IMF that extends to 300 M
⊙. The combined C iii] equivalent width and [3.6]–[4.5] color are more consistent with ionization from young stars than active galactic nuclei (AGNs); however, we cannot rule out ionization from a combination of an AGN and young stars. We make predictions for James Webb Space Telescope spectroscopy using these different models, which will ultimately test the nature of the ionizing radiation in this source.
The Payne: Self-consistent ab initio Fitting of Stellar Spectra
Authors: Ting 丁 Yuan-Sen 源森 , Conroy Charlie , Rix Hans-Walter , Cargile Phillip
Published: July 2019

We present The Payne, a general method for the precise and simultaneous determination of numerous stellar labels from observed spectra, based on fitting physical spectral models. The Payne combines a number of important methodological aspects: it exploits the information from much of the available spectral range; it fits all labels (stellar parameters and elemental abundances) simultaneously; it uses spectral models, where the structure of the atmosphere and the radiative transport are consistently calculated to reflect the stellar labels. At its core The Payne has an approach to accurate and precise interpolation and prediction of the spectrum in high-dimensional label space that is flexible and robust, yet based on only a moderate number of ab initio models (

for 25 labels). With a simple neural-net-like functional form and a suitable choice of training labels, this interpolation yields a spectral flux prediction good to 10−3 rms across a wide range of T
eff and

(including dwarfs and giants). We illustrate the power of this approach by applying it to the APOGEE DR14 data set, drawing on Kurucz models with recently improved line lists: without recalibration, we obtain physically sensible stellar parameters as well as 15 elemental abundances that appear to be more precise than the published APOGEE DR14 values. In short, The Payne is an approach that for the first time combines all these key ingredients, necessary for progress toward optimal modeling of survey spectra; and it leads to both precise and accurate estimates of stellar labels, based on physical models and without “recalibration.” Both the codes and catalog are made publicly available online.
Quasi-periodicity of Supermassive Binary Black Hole Accretion Approaching Merger
Authors: Bowen Dennis B. , Mewes Vassilios , Noble Scott C. , Avara Mark , Campanelli Manuela , Krolik Julian H.
Published: July 2019

In this paper we continue the first ever study of magnetized mini-disks coupled to circumbinary accretion in a supermassive binary black hole (SMBBH) approaching merger reported in Bowen et al. We extend this simulation from 3 to 12 binary orbital periods. We find that relativistic SMBBH accretion acts as a resonant cavity, where quasi-periodic oscillations tied to the frequency at which the black hole’s (BH’s) orbital phase matches a nonlinear m = 1 density feature, or “lump,” in the circumbinary accretion disk permeate the system. The rate of mass accretion onto each of the mini-disks around the BHs is modulated at the beat frequency between the binary frequency and the lump’s mean orbital frequency, i.e.,

, while the total mass accretion rate of this equal-mass binary is modulated at two different frequencies,

and

. The instantaneous rotation rate of the lump itself is also modulated at two frequencies close to the modulation frequencies of the total accretion rate,

and

. Because of the compact nature of the mini-disks in SMBBHs approaching merger, the inflow times within the mini-disks are comparable to the period on which their mass supply varies, so that their masses—and the accretion rates they supply to their BHs—are strongly modulated at the same frequency. In essence, the azimuthal symmetry of the circumbinary disk is broken by the dynamics of orbits near a binary, and this m = 1 asymmetry then drives quasi-periodic variation throughout the system, including both accretion and disk-feeding. In SMBBHs approaching merger, such time variability could introduce distinctive, increasingly rapid, fluctuations in their electromagnetic emission.
Observing Current Sheet Formation Forced by Non-radial Rotating Motion of Mini-filaments
Authors: Chen Hechao , Yang Jiayan , Duan Yadan , Ji Kaifan
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we study two externally forced magnetic reconnection events near NOAA active region 12494 for their current sheet (CS) formation. In both events, small-scale reconnection happened between mini-filaments and other preexisting magnetic fields. Initially, mini-filaments underwent obvious non-radial rotating motion due to their loss of equilibrium. With their clockwise/anti-clockwise rotation, the axial fluxes of the mini-filaments slowly came to squeeze the anti-parallel ambient fields, leading to an X-shaped structure. As the squeezing effect strengthened, CS regions gradually formed and grew in length, with a temperature around 1.8 MK. Afterward, clear cusp regions, plasma heating (∼5 MK), and newborn magnetic structures came to be in sequence. Finally, mini-filaments erupted in a complex fashion due to the involvement of external reconnection. Based on the multiwavelength imaging observations, the apparent thickness/length, temperature/emission of the CS regions and their related plasma flows are carefully analyzed. Their reconnection rates are roughly estimated as 0.01–0.06 and 0.01–0.02. In particular, a chain of high-speed plasmoid ejections was detected along with a set of the reconnected field lines in Event1, implying the onset of tearing-mode instability inside its CS region. These observations indicate that non-radial rotating motion of filaments can serve as external flows to drive reconnection, and also provide a basic scenario of CS formation within small-scale magnetic reconnetion processes.
Molecular Gas Density Measured with H2CO and CS toward a Spiral Arm of M51
Authors: Nishimura Yuri , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Harada Nanase , Kohno Kotaro , Yamamoto Satoshi
Published: July 2019

Observations of various molecular lines toward a disk region of a nearby galaxy are now feasible, and they are being employed as diagnostic tools to study star formation activities there. However, the spatial resolution attainable for a nearby galaxy with currently available radio telescopes is 10–1000 pc, which is much larger than the scales of individual star-forming regions and molecular-cloud cores. Hence, it is of fundamental importance to elucidate which part of an interstellar medium such spatially unresolved observations are tracing. Here we present sensitive measurements of the H2CO (

) line at 72 GHz toward giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the spiral arm of M51 using the NRO 45 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes. In conjunction with the previously observed H2CO (202 − 101) and CS (2 − 1 and 3 − 2) lines, we derive the H2 density of the emitting regions to be (0.6–2.6) × 104 cm−3 and (2.9–12) × 104 cm−3 for H2CO and CS, respectively, by the non-LTE analyses, where we assume the source size of 0.8–1 kpc and the gas kinetic temperature of 10–20 K. The derived H2 density indicates that the emission of H2CO and CS is not localized to star-forming cores, but is likely distributed over an entire region of GMCs. Such widespread distributions of H2CO and CS are also supported by models assuming lognormal density distributions over the 1 kpc region. Thus, contributions from the widespread less dense components should be taken into account for interpretation of the molecular emission observed with a GMC-scale resolution. The different H2 densities derived for H2CO and CS imply their different distributions. We discuss these differences in terms of the formation processes of H2CO and CS.
Genus Statistic Applied to the X-Ray Remnant of SN 1572: Clues to the Clumpy Ejecta Structure of Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Sato Toshiki , Hughes John P. , Williams Brian J. , Morii Mikio
Published: July 2019

Clumpy structures are a common feature in X-ray images of young Type Ia supernova remnants (SNRs). Although the precise origin of such clumps remains unclear, there are three generic possibilities: clumpiness imposed during the explosion, hydrodynamic instabilities that act during the remnant’s evolution, and preexisting structures in the ambient medium. In this article we focus on discriminating between clumping distributions that arise from the explosion and those from the remnant’s evolution using existing 3D hydrodynamical simulations. We utilize the genus statistic for this discrimination, applying it to the simulations and to Chandra X-ray observations of the well-known SN Ia remnant of SN 1572 (Tycho’s SNR). The genus curve of Tycho’s SNR strongly indicates a skewed non-Gaussian distribution of the ejecta clumps and is similar to the genus curve for the simulation with initially clumped ejecta. In contrast, the simulation of perfectly smooth ejecta where clumping arises from the action of hydrodynamic instabilities produced a genus curve that is similar to a random Gaussian field, but disagrees strongly with the genus curve of the observed image. Our results support a scenario in which the observed structure of SN Ia remnants arises from initial clumpiness in the explosion.
Radial Velocities of Low-mass Candidate TWA Members
Authors: Kidder Benjamin , Mace Gregory , Sokal Kimberly , Lopez Ricardo , Jaffe Daniel
Published: July 2019

Nearby young moving groups provide unique samples of similar age stars for testing the evolution of physical properties. Incomplete and/or incorrect group membership classifications reduce the usefulness of the group, which we assume to be coeval. With near-infrared spectra of two candidate members of the TW Hya Association, 2MASS J12354615−4115531 (TWA 46) and 2MASS J12371238−4021480 (TWA 47), we test their membership by adding radial velocity measurements to the literature. We find that 2MASS J12354615−4115531 is a close spectroscopic binary system with a center-of-mass radial velocity of −6.5 ± 3.9 km s−1. This radial velocity and a Gaia parallax produces a TW Hydra association (TWA) membership probability of 41.9% using the Banyan Σ tool for 2MASS J12354615−4115531. The spectrum of 2MASS J12371238−4021480 shows that it appears to be a single star with a radial velocity consistent with the TW Hya Association and a membership probability of 99.5%. The reduced probability of TWA 46 as a true member of TWA highlights the importance of high-resolution, near-infrared spectra in validating low-mass moving group members.