bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akibat Hukum Keberlakuan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 49 Tahun 2018 Tentang Manajemen Pegawai Pemerintah Dengan Perjanjian Kerja Terhadap Pengangkatan Pegawai Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Yang Belum Berstatus Pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara
Authors: Trisnanda Muhammad Junaidi Fitriawan
Published: January 2021

Perubahan yang terjadi dalam status kepegawaian Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) akibat adanya revisi undang-undang KPK yang menyebutkan bahwa Pegawai KPK harus merupakan Pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) yang sebelumnya tidak wajib merupakan Pegawai ASN. Secara tidak langsung terjadi perubahan dalam mekanisme kepegawaian di KPK. Perubahan ini, akan berdampak berlakunya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 49 Tahun 2018 yang dalam pasal 96 ayat (1) melarang Pejabat Pembina Kepegawaian (PPK) untuk menempatkan Pegawai Non-ASN untuk menempati jabatan ASN. Sehingga dapat menimbulkan sengketa antara Pegawai KPK yang lama dengan KPK setelah diberlakukannya revisi undang-undang KPK. Maka diperlukannya upaya untuk menyelesaikan sengketa kepegawaian tersebut untuk melindungi Pegawai lama KPK dari kerugian yang dapat timbul kepada Pegawai KPK yang belum ASN. Diantaranya melalui upaya administratif yang terdiri dari upaya keberatan dan banding administratif, kemudian pengajuan gugatan kepada Pegadilan Tata Usaha Negara dan upaya hukum lainnya yang dapat ditempuh. Sehingga Pegawai KPK yang dirugikan tersebut mampu mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dalam mempertahankan hak kepegawaiannya yang telah hilang akibat keberlakuan Revisi Undang-undang KPK yang mewajibkan Pegawai KPK adalah Pegawai ASN mulai berlaku.
Pemblokiran Penunjukkan Anggota Appellate Body Berkenaan Dengan Pemenuhan Right To Access To Justice Dalam World Trade Organization
Authors: Lestari Novia Dwi
Published: January 2021

Sistem penyelesaian sengketa World Trade Organization (WTO) menjadi sangat penting jika menyangkut right to access to justice dalam perdagangan internasional. Sebagai bagian dari sistem penyelesaian sengketa WTO, Appellate Body (AB) turut berperan dalam pemenuhan right to access to justice bagi negara-negara anggota WTO. Keberadaan AB telah menjamin dan memperkuat konsistensi serta kepastian terhadap penafsiran aturan perdagangan internasional. Namun, peran AB tersebut terancam karena Amerika Serikat. Sejak tahun 2017, Amerika Serikat telah memblokir proses penunjukkan dan penunjukkan kembali anggota AB. Per 11 Desember 2019, AB tidak dapat melakukan peninjauan banding karena kurangnya kuorum divisi. Berdasarkan aspek prosedural, institusi penyelesaian sengketa harus dapat berfungsi agar mampu memenuhi right to access to justice. Pemblokiran yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Serikat telah menciderai pemenuhan right to access to justice negara-negara anggota WTO.
Overcoming the impact of COVID-19 on animal welfare: COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare
Authors: P. DALLA VILLA
Published: January 2021

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) represents 182 countries with a focus on animal health, animal welfare and veterinary public health. The OIE has several Collaborating Centres that support the work of the organisation. The Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘Giuseppe Caporale’ (IZSAM) is the Secretariat for the OIE Collaborating Centre Network on Veterinary Emergencies (EmVetNet). In April 2020, the IZSAM initiated a COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare. The working group represented the EmVetNet Collaborating Centres, international institutions, veterinary associations, authorities and animal welfare organisations. Lincoln Memorial University College of Veterinary Medicine recruited summer research students whom catalogued over 1,200 animal welfare related reports and provided 64 report narratives for the working group. IZSAM launched the EmVetNet website (https://emvetnet.izs.it) for public and private exchange of information, materials, and guidelines related to veterinary emergencies. The EmVetNet COVID-19 Thematic Platform on Animal Welfare continues to meet to address emerging issues, strengthen the network for future emergencies, and share information with stakeholders including national Veterinary Services responding to the epidemic.
Access to wine experts' long-term memory to decipher an ill-defined sensory concept: the case of green red wine
Authors: Sáenz-Navajas Maria P. , Arias-Pérez Ignacio , Ferrero-del-Teso Sara , Escudero Ana , Ferreira Vicente , Fernández-Zurbano Purificación , Valentin Dominique
Published: January 2021

The present study aims to understand an ill-defined sensory concept by a long-term memory-based strategy with Spanish winemakers from four wine regions using “green wine” as a case study. A total of 77 Spanish winemakers from four Spanish wine regions carried out a non-tasting free description task. The description task yielded terms belonging to two main categories including origin-related terms as well as sensory terms. Sensory terms belonged to aroma, taste, trigeminal, colour, multimodal and hedonic subcategories, which elucidates the multidimensionality of the studied concept. The most cited specific terms were “vegetal aroma”, “bitter” and “unpleasant”. Despite these commonalities, a certain idiosyncrasy linked to taste (“excessive sourness”) and trigeminal (“astringency”) subcategories as well as to wine components (“tannins”) was evidenced as they were cited distinctly by experts belonging to separate wine regions. The capacity of approaches based on long-term memory to decipher multidimensional and ill-defined concepts is highlighted. The regional effect is also explained in terms of cognitive processes (i.e., knowledge and experience), which is linked to the use of sensory concepts by wine experts.
Evaulation of a Model for Urban Vegetation Barriers’ Effects on Air Pollution
Authors: Nassar Ray F.
Published: January 2021

Air pollution is a serious global issue, responsible for approximately one in every nine deaths each year, ranking it among the greatest environmental hazards to human health. It is of particular concern in urban areas, where elevated pollutant concentrations and potential sufferers converge. Over one half of the world’s population presently lives in urban areas, and the urban population ratio is expected to reach 68% by 2050. Common air pollutants include particulate matter (PM), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ground-level ozone (O3), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO). While elevated rates of air pollution pose serious health risks for humans, outdoor plants can help reduce the harmful effects of air pollution by filtering and purifying the air around us.In this project Common Ivy, Aster and Miniature Andromeda plants were evaluated for air pollutant mitigation. In this study we developed a vegetation barrier model with the plant located in the middle of the greenhouse box, and air pollutant was sprayed on one side of the plant. Dispersion patterns of sprayed pollutants were tested with and without vegetation barrier. Measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC), and Particulate Matter (PM2.5/PM10) were taken before spraying, then at 0 and 30 minutes after spraying, using both monitors.The results show mitigation rates (in 177 ft3 of air after 30 min): for TVOC the minimum reduction is 5 mg/m3; for HCHO, 1 mg/m3; for CO2, 2000 ppm; for PM2.5, 2000 ug/m3; and for PM10 it was 1000 ug/m3.
Tag-Aware Recommender System Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhao Zhiruo , Cao Lei , Chen Xiliang , Xu Zhixiong
Published: January 2021

Recently, the application of deep reinforcement learning in recommender system is flourishing and stands out by overcoming drawbacks of traditional methods and achieving high recommendation quality. The dynamics, long-term returns and sparse data issues in recommender system have been effectively solved. But the application of deep reinforcement learning brings problems of interpretability, overfitting, complex reward function design, and user cold start. This paper proposed a tag-aware recommender system based on deep reinforcement learning without complex function design, taking advantage of tags to make up for the interpretability problems existing in recommender system. Our experiment is carried out on MovieLens dataset. The result shows that, DRL based recommender system is superior than traditional algorithms in minimum error and the application of tags has little effect on accuracy when making up for interpretability. In addition, DRL based recommender system has excellent performance on user cold start problems.
Sufficient Niacin Supply: The Missing Puzzle Piece to COVID-19, and beyond?
Authors: Kats Dmitry
Published: January 2021

Definitive antiviral properties are evidenced for niacin, i.e., nicotinic acid (NA), as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapy for both health restoration and prevention, to the level that progression of COVID-19 pathology may follow as an intrinsic function of NA supply. This detailed investigation proposes thorough disentanglement of how the downstream inflammatory propagation of ensuing severe acute respiratory virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can either be prohibited or reversed upstream out the body to expeditiously restore health with well-tolerated dynamic supplementation of sufficient NA (i.e., ~1-3 grams per day). Culmination of this research leads to realization of the potentially ubiquitous therapeutic and preventive powers of NA against inflammatory disease, in general.
Combined Linkage Analysis and Genome-wide Association Study Reveal QTLs and Candidate Genes Conferring Genetic Control of Prolificacy Trait in Maize
Authors: Wang Zhao , Gao Jingyang , Li Yunmeng , Razia sultana Jemim , Luan Yifan , Mu Cong , Song Yunxia , Dong Chaopei , Xu Jing , Wu Zhaokun , Ye Wenchao , Li Huan , Chen Jiafa , Yu Haidong , Zhou Zijian , Wu Jianyu
Published: January 2021

For the different harvest targets, the requirement for the prolificacy trait of maize was also different, so prolificacy is of great significance for modern production. Although some QTLs and genes associated with prolificacy in teosinte have been reported, the genetic mechanism of prolificacy in maize has not been fully elucidated. In this study, two RIL populations and GWAS population were used to genetic research of prolificacy trait in maize, with multi-environment. Combine linkage analysis and Genome-wide association study has identified a total of 13 QTLs and 8 significant SNPs. There were two genes related to tissue differentiation in the stable QTL qP9-2, and two significant SNPs corresponding to three genes were in QTL qP5-1 and QTL qP7-1, respectively. Four candidate genes GRMZM2G317262, GRMZM2G317584, GRMZM5G882364 and GRMZM2G141679 were finally screened out by qRT-PCR analysis. Based on the function of candidate genes, ethylene signaling pathway plays an important role in the formation of prolificacy in maize. It has deepened our understanding of the formation mechanism of prolificacy and laid a foundation for breeding new varieties with various prolificacy in maize.
Public Housing in the Global Cities: Hong Kong and Singapore at the Crossroads
Authors: Das Anutosh
Published: January 2021

Affordable Housing, the basic human necessity has now become a critical problem in global cities with direct impacts on people's well-being. While a well-functioning housing market may augment the economic efficiency and productivity of a city, it may trigger housing affordability issues leading crucial economic and political crises side by side if not handled properly. In global cities e.g. Singapore and Hong Kong where affordable housing for all has become one of the greatest concerns of the Government, this issue can be tackled capably by the provision of public housing. In Singapore, nearly 90% of the total population lives in public housing including public rental and subsidized ownership, whereas the figure tally only about 45% in Hong Kong. Hence this study is an effort to scrutinizing the key drivers of success in affordable public housing through following a qualitative case study based research methodological approach to present successful experience and insight from different socio-economic and geo-political context. As a major intervention, this research has clinched that, housing affordability should be backed up by demand-side policies aiming to help occupants and proprietors to grow financial capacity e.g. subsidized rental and subsidized ownership can be an integral part of the public housing system to improve housing affordability.
Media Linguistic Landscapes
Authors: Schmitz Ulrich
Published: January 2021

All linguistics should be media linguistics, but it is not. This thesis is presented by using linguistic landscapes as an example. LL research does not belong to the traditional core of either mainstream linguistics or media linguistics. This is why not everything within power has been done yet to make full use of their thematic, conceptual and methodological possibilities. Visible signs in public space, however, are an everyday phenomenon. You have to pull out all the stops to research them extensively. The distinction between linguistics and media linguistics turns out to be counterproductive. But this does not only apply to the case of linguistic landscapes. It also stands for any comprehensive investigation of language and language use. (Exceptions may be very narrow questions for specific purposes.) The above thoughts are supported by a database of the project „Metro­polen­zeichen“ with more than 25.000 systematically collected, geocoded and tagged photographs.
Nonverbale graphische Ressourcen bei Reparaturen in der interaktionalen informellen Schriftlichkeit am Beispiel der deutschen Chat-Kommunikation via IRC-Chat und WhatsApp
Authors: Mostovaia Irina
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to present the results of an empirical analysis of the use of non-alphabetic graphic signs (e.g. asterisks, slashes, plus signs etc.) in the context of repairs in Russian and German informal electronic communication. The data for the analysis were taken from the “Mobile Communication Database MoCoDa” (http://mocoda.spracheinteraktion.de/), which contains Russian and German private electronic communication via SMS, WhatsApp and other short message services, and the “Dortmunder Chat-Korpus” (http://www.chatkorpus.tu-dortmund.de/korpora.html). This paper describes the functions of various graphic resources in the context of repairs in both data collections and compares the occurrences of these functions in current Russian and German computer-mediated communication. It concludes that particular signs in both data sets share the same subset of functions, but they differ in terms of how frequently these resources occur in each form of communication.
Face to Face
Authors: Held Tobias
Published: January 2021

The present article shows an experimental subject investigation on elements of video telephony in relation to experiencing and feeling connectedness and intimacy within private interpersonal communication. Particular interests are questions about possible relationships between image detail, angle of view or perspective as well as image format or the foreign and personal perception of the communicators. Central to this is the question of whether the practices and interactions of users in dealing with communication technology can be used to derive possible conclusions on negotiation measures or even adaptation services. The obtained results are presented on the basis of an introductory theoretical discussion. It is followed by a summary and analysis as well as an outlook on the further use and significance of the results.
Investigation of the parameters determining the value of the shift productivity of a feller-bunchers
Authors: Андронов А.В. , Зверев И.А.
Published: January 2021

Представлены результаты замеров времени на наведение захватно-срезающее устройства на дерево, его захват и натяг. Получены законы распределения сменной производительности валочно-пакетирующих машин и параметров, определяющих время цикла на обработку одного дерева. Установлена регрессионная зависимость между сменной производительностью и временем переезда машины между лентами.

The study presents results of experimental measurements of aiming a tree, its’ capture and cutting for a feller-buncher shear felling head. The study obtains distribution laws of feller-bunchers’ productivity and parameters determining the cycle time for processing a single tree. The paper presents regression relationship between the shift capacity and the machine travelling time between the belts.
Strength Study of Sorption Composites Based on Microfine Glass Fibers
Authors: Дубовый В.К. , Суслов Г.А.
Published: January 2021

Исследуется влияние минерального и органического связующего на термостойкость и показатель разрушающего усилия композиционных сорбционных материалов на основе стеклянных волокон. Рассматриваемый материал используется для сорбции органических соединений при низких концентрациях. Изучение влияния на эти два показателя вызвано тем, что материал, описываемый в настоящей статье, требует определенной технологической прочности и должен выдерживать температуры 300 °С. Для достижения требуемых параметров для материала исследовались три типа связующего: 1. Полиядерные комплексы алюминия, полученные в результате гидролиза хлорида алюминия; 2. Полиядерные комплексы алюминия, полученные в результате гидролиза сульфата алюминия; 3. Сульфатная небеленая целлюлоза. По результатам исследования было выявлено наиболее подходящее связующее для сорбционного композиционного материала и определено оптимальное процентное содержание этого связующего.

Discusses the influence of mineral and organic binders on the heat resistance and the index of the destructive force of composite sorption materials based on glass fibers. This material is used for sorption of organic compounds at low concentrations. Consideration of the impact on these two indicators is caused by the fact that the material described in this article requires a certain technological strength and must withstand temperatures of 300 °C. To achieve the required parameters for the material, three types of binder were studied: 1. Polynuclear complexes of aluminium, obtained by hydrolysis with aluminium chloride; 2. Polynuclear complexes of aluminium, obtained by hydrolysis of aluminium sulfate; 3. Sulfate unbleached cellulose. According to the results of the study, the most suitable binder for the sorption composite material was identified and the optimal percentage of this binder was determined.
Improve Usability of Tourism Websites Based on Agile Strategies
Authors: Asefa Tsegaye Yabsra
Published: January 2021

Usability is critically important in developing tourism websites because visitors expect tourism websites to be attractive, interactive and informative. The main aim of this paper is to analyze and examine the content of tourism websites. A case study has been performed on a tourism website to understand the usability gaps of tourism websites development process for better website usability and user satisfaction. The paper discusses factors that are success combinations of features that a tourism websites must have. Considering the success factors10 tourism websites were analyzed. The paper presented a report on the analyzed data and give suggestions for making tourism websites more efficient.
Adaptively Truncating Gradient for Image Quality Assessment
Authors: Gao Minjuan , Dang Hongshe , Zhang Xuande
Published: January 2021

Objective image quality assessment (IQA) aims to develop computational models to predict the perceptual image quality consistent with subjective evaluations. As image information is presented by the change in intensity values in the spatial domain, the gradient, as a basic tool for measuring the change, is widely used in IQA models. However, does the change measured by the gradient actually correspond to the change perceived by the human visual system (HVS)? To explore this issue, in this paper, we analyze how the ability of the HVS to perceive changes is affected by the upper threshold, and we propose an IQA index based on an adaptively truncating gradient. Specifically, the upper threshold at each pixel in an image is adaptively determined according to the image content, and the adaptively truncating gradient is obtained by retaining the part of the gradient magnitude that is less than the upper threshold and truncating the part that is greater than the upper threshold. Then, the distorted image quality is calculated by comparing the similarity of the adaptively truncating gradient between a reference image and the distorted image. Experimental results on six benchmark databases demonstrate that the proposed index correlates well with human evaluations.
On the molecular identity of Paratylenchus nanus Cobb, 1923 (Nematoda: Tylenchida)
Authors: Subbotin Sergei A. , Yan Guiping , Kantor Mihail , Handoo Zafar
Published: January 2021

In this study, molecular characterization of Paratylenchus nanus collected from the type locality in Four Mile Run, Fall Church, Virginia using COI, D2-D3 of 28 S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene sequences was provided. We molecularly also characterized, Paratylenchus specimens collected from grasses in Devils Lake, Ramsey County, North Dakota indicated as the type locality in the original description of P. nanus by Cobb (1923). These nematodes were identified as representatives of the species P. projectus. Populations of P. nanus belonging to the molecular types A and B, and previously designated by Van den Berg et al. (2014) should be now identified as P. nanus and P. projectus, respectively.
Structure of Tolerance in First-Year University Students
Authors: Saveleva A. E. , Khakimova N. R.
Published: January 2021

This study featured types and components of tolerance in students that majored in social science, natural science, and humanities. The paper focuses on various definitions of this term and its regional specifics. The obtained data underwent a correlation analysis, Student's t-test for independent samples, and a content analysis. The sample consisted of 91 people aged 18–21 (33 % male). The methods of primary data collection included the Index of Tolerance questionnaire developed by G. U. Soldatova, O. A. Kravtsova, O. E. Khukhlaeva, and L. A. Shaigerova; the Questionnaire of Communicative Tolerance by V. V. Boyko; the Homophobia Index Questionnaire by V. V. Hudson and V. A. Rickets; the Types and Components of Tolerance vs. Intolerance by G. L. Bardier; and a sentence competition test. The interpersonal component of tolerance had the highest mean score among other components, regardless of the major. The article highlights the way humanities degree students see tolerance. The results can be used in training programs that adapt students to the multicultural environment of the university.
Formation of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education (1930–1938)
Authors: Kaymashnikova E. B. , Genina E. S. , Kovtun S. P.
Published: January 2021

This article presents the history of the formation of the State Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education, the present-day Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education at the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Moscow). This study involved documents found in the Russian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation. The problem statement is the first of is kind in Russian historiography. The paper contains a detailed description of the early years of the Central Institute for Advanced Medical Education (1930–1938). It also outlines the main directions of the Institute activity during the period in question, e.g. correspondence courses for doctors from remote regions. The authors investigated the personnel issue in the context of historical reconstruction. They demonstrated the key challenges that the institution had to face and address in its early days. The analysis proved that the Institute provided invaluable experience in training professional medical personnel in the shortest time possible under difficult historical conditions.
Azerbaijan – Turkey Relations in the International South Caucasus Context (1992–2020)
Authors: Yumatov K. V. , Sivina K. N.
Published: January 2021

The research featured the history of the interstate relations between Azerbaijan and the Republic of Turkey, its main stages and issues, as well as its dependence on various internal political changes and political figures. What began as an internal conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan during Perestroika in the Soviet Union grew into an interstate affair, which currently involves the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The author believes that the situation in Nagorno-Karabakh after the military conflict of 2020 is an important part in historical and political studies on the Azerbaijan – Turkey relations. Initially, Turkey took a pro-Azerbaijani position in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. However, its negative attitude to Armenia put it on the periphery of the peacekeeping process in the OSCE Minsk Group. Guided by the ideology of "one people, two countries", Turkey helped Azerbaijan to overcome the political and economic crisis in the 1990s, as well as to lobby its interests in the UN, the NATO, the OSCE, and the OIC. In 2020, Erdogan’s expansionist policy allowed Azerbaijan to regain most territories annexed by Armenia during the Karabakh war in the 1990s.
Assumptions of Self-Worth with a Different Attitudes to Personal Security Threats
Authors: Ivanov M. S.
Published: January 2021

The present research featured the relationship between assumptions about self-worth as a characteristic of identity and the attitude to threats as part of general attitude to personal security. The study was based on R. Janoff-Bulman’s theory of basic assumptions and related methodology. Attitudes to personal security were assessed according to an authentic methodology as scores given to various threats. Assumptions of self-worth appeared to determine the values of threats in certain combinations with assumptions about the environment. For instance, respondents with high anxiety expressed a world-is-badbut-I-am-good kind of attitude, while those with lower anxiety possessed a world-is-bad-but-I-am-lucky attitude. However, identity as the relationship between ideas about one’s self and the environment needs further research. In addition, studies on identity as the key source of personal security attitudes is a promising research topic.
Applications of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) in Oils and Fats Research. A Review
Authors: Almoselhy Rania I.M.
Published: January 2021

This review is designed to be a comprehensive review in a new way to help you to understand the principle and theory of Thermal Analysis with special emphasis on Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as a new fast-growing and important technique used for authentication, characterization and detecting adulterations of oils and fats. DSC is a powerful instrument that measures the energy absorbed or released as a function of time or a controlled temperature profile. The sensor of the DSC is the heat flux plate which is designed to give superior performance and rugged reliability. The heat flux plate is capable of measuring small energy changes over the entire temperature range. Examples of measurements with DSC are Oxidative Stability, Melting Enthalpy, Glass Transition, Heat of Crystallization, Purity Determination and Heat Capacity. DSC can be used as a rapid method for assessment of oxidative stability, prediction of shelf life and evaluation of the quality of edible oils during refining. DSC holds a potential to be used as the reliable and reproducible technique for the detection of adulteration of animal body fat added in ghee individually and in combination of vegetable oil. DSC method is faster, require less sample size and no chemicals or solvents compared to other conventional, modern oxidative stability methods and conventional shelf life estimation.
A Comprehensive Review of Characterization and Detection of Adulteration of Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Almoselhy Rania I.M.
Published: January 2021

Determination of authenticity of extra virgin olive oils has become very important in recent years due to the increasing public concerns about possible adulterations with relatively cheap vegetable oils and deodorized olive oils. The analysis and authentication of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) represent very challenging analytical chemical problems. Each country may have its own definition of olive oil and its own limits for particular oil parameters and monitoring guidelines in International Standards. Generally, these standards are based on the International Olive Council (IOC) and Codex Standards but often there are alternatives for different countries. The aim of this review is to provide specific information about olive oils with special concern about extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and analytical techniques to detect adulteration of EVOO. The guidelines for genuine olive oil are adapted from the IOC, other legitimate and appropriate sources. The contents provide information on possible adulterants in olive oil, the underlying causes of adulteration, and how to test for the presence of these adulterants.
Alport Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review on Genetics, Pathophysiology, Histology, Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Pedrosa Ana Luisa , Bitencourt Letícia , Paranhos Rafaela Moreira , Leitáo Cristiana Afonso , Ferreira Guilherme Costa , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina
Published: January 2021

Background:

Alport syndrome (AS) is a disease caused by mutations in
COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5, the genes that encode distinct chains of type IV collagen.
The vast majority of cases present as an inherited disorder, although de novo mutations
are present in around 10% of the cases.

Methods:

This non-systematic review summarizes recent evidence on AS. We discuss
the genetic and pathophysiology of AS, clinical manifestations, histopathology, diagnostic
protocols, conventional treatment and prognostic markers of the disease. In addition,
we summarize experimental findings with novel therapeutic perspectives for AS.

Results:

The deficient synthesis of collagen heterotrimers throughout the organism leads
to impaired basement membranes (BM) in several organs. As a result, the disease manifests
in a wide range of conditions, particularly renal, ocular and auricular alterations.
Moreover, leiomyomatosis and vascular abnormalities may also be present as atypical
presentations. In this framework, diagnosis can be performed based on clinical evaluation,
skin or renal biopsy and genetic screening, the latter being the gold standard. There
are no formally approved treatments for AS, even though therapeutic options have been
described to delay disease progression and increase life expectancy. Novel therapeutic targets
under pre-clinical investigation included paricalcitol, sodium-glucose co-transporter-
2 inhibitors, bardoxolone methyl, anti-microRNA-21 oligonucleotides, recombinant
human pentraxin-2, lysyl oxidase-like-2 blockers, hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin,
sodium 4-phenylbutyrate and stem cell therapy.

Conclusion:

AS is still a greatly under and misdiagnosed disorder. The pathophysiology is still not fully unnderstand and
genetics of the disease have also some gaps. Up to know, there is no specific and effective treatment for AS. Further studies
are necessary to establish novel and effective therapeutic protocols.
Aerobic Oxidation of Dihydroxyarenes Substrates Catalyzed by Polymer-Supported RuII-Pheox/Silica-Gel: A Beneficial Route for Purification of
Industrial Water
Authors: Abu-Elfotoh Abdel-Moneim
Published: January 2021

A broad class of dihydroxyarenes were easily oxidized by aerobic oxygen to quinone products
in excellent yields under the catalytic effect of polymer-supported RuII-Pheox/silica-gel catalyst. By
using this combined catalyst, hydroquinone and catechol derivatives with electron-donating groups were
easily oxidized by molecular oxygen to quinone products in 90% to >99% yield, while in the case of
electron-withdrawing group, only 70% was obtained. The biologically useful 1,4-Naphthoqinone products
were obtained in 83% to 90%. The catalyst was easily obtained and reused many times without a
significant decrease in reactivity. Interestingly, a sample of industrial water contaminated with phenolic
compounds was subjected to aerobic oxidation by using this catalyst, and the resultant quinones were
detected within one day and the catalyst was removed and reused several times with different contaminating
samples with the same efficiency. Other catalytic oxidations by using this promising catalyst
were investigated.
Application of Ion Exchange and Adsorption Techniques for Separation of Whey Proteins from Bovine Milk
Authors: Radosavljević Jelena , Stanić-Vučinić Dragana , Stojadinović Marija , Radomirović Mirjana , Simović Ana , Radibratović Milica , Veličković Tanja Ćirković
Published: January 2021

Background:

The world production of whey was estimated to be more than 200 million tons per year. Although whey is an important source of proteins with high nutritional value and biotechnological importance, it is still considered as a by-product of the dairy industry with low economic value due to low industrial exploitation. There are several challenges in the separation of whey proteins: low concentration, the complexity of the material and similar properties (pI, molecular mass) of some proteins.

Methods:

A narrative review of all the relevant papers on the present methodologies based on ion-exchange and adsorption principles for isolation of whey proteins, known to the authors, was conducted.

Results:

Traditional ion-exchange techniques are widely used for the separation and purification of the bovine whey proteins. These methodologies, based on the anion or cation chromatographic procedures, as well as combination of aforementioned techniques are still preferential methods for the isolation of the whey proteins on the laboratory scale. However, more recent research on ion exchange membranes for this purpose has been introduced, with promising potential to be applied on the pilot industrial scale. Newly developed methodologies based either on the ion-exchange separation (for example: simulated moving bed chromatography, expanded bed adsorption, magnetic ion exchangers, etc.) or adsorption (for example: adsorption on hydroxyapatite or activated carbon, or molecular imprinting) are promising approaches for scaling up of the whey proteins’ purification processes.

Conclusion:

Many procedures based on ion exchange are successfully implemented for separation and purification of whey proteins, providing protein preparations of moderate-to-high yield and satisfactory purity. However, the authors anticipate further development of adsorption-based methodologies for separation of whey proteins by targeting the differences in proteins’ structures rather than targeting the differences in molecular masses and pI. The complex composite multilayered matrices, including also inorganic components, are promising materials for simultaneous exploiting of the differences in the masses, pI and structures of whey proteins for the separation.
CSBPI_Site: Multi-Information Sources of Features to RNA Binding Sites Prediction
Authors: Zhang Lichao , Huang Zihong , Kong Liang
Published: January 2021

Background:

RNA-binding proteins establish posttranscriptional gene regulation by coordinating
maturation, editing, transport, stability, and translation of cellular RNAs. Immunoprecipitation
experiments could identify the interaction between RNA and proteins, but they are limited due to the
experimental environment and material. Therefore, it is essential to construct computational models to
identify the function sites.

Objective:

Although some computational methods have been proposed to predict RNA binding sites,
the accuracy could be further improved. Moreover, it is necessary to construct a dataset with more
samples to design a reliable model. Here we present a computational model based on multi-information
sources to identify RNA binding sites.

Methods:

We construct an accurate computational model named CSBPI_Site, based on extreme gradient
boosting. The specifically designed 15-dimensional feature vector captures four types of information
(chemical shift, chemical bond, chemical properties and position information).

Results:

The satisfied accuracy of 0.86 and AUC of 0.89 were obtained by leave-one-out crossvalidation.
Meanwhile, the accuracies were slightly different (range from 0.83 to 0.85) among the three
classifiers algorithm, which showed that the novel features are stable and fit to multiple classifiers.
These results showed that the proposed method is effective and robust for the identification of noncoding
RNA binding sites.

Conclusion:

Our method based on multi-information sources is effective to represent the binding sites information among
ncRNAs. The satisfied prediction results of Diels-Alder riboz-yme based on CSBPI_Site indicates that our model is
valuable to identify the function site.
iTSP-PseAAC: Identifying Tumor Suppressor Proteins by Using Fully Connected Neural Network and PseAAC
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Hussain Waqar , Rasool Nouman , Khan Yaser Daanial
Published: January 2021

Background:

The uncontrolled growth due to accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes as a result of
loss or reduction in the normal function of Tumor Suppressor Genes (TSGs) and Pro-oncogenes is known as cancer. TSGs
control cell division and growth by repairing of DNA mistakes during replication and restrict the unwanted proliferation
of a cell or activities, those are the part of tumor production.

Objectives:

This study aims to propose a novel, accurate, user-friendly model to predict tumor suppressor proteins, which
would be freely available to experimental molecular biologists to assist them using in vitro and in vivo studies.

Methods:

The predictor model has used the input feature vector (IFV) calculated from the physicochemical properties of
proteins based on FCNN to compute the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and MCC. The proposed model was validated
against different exhaustive validation techniques i.e. self-consistency and cross-validation.

Results:

Using self-consistency, the accuracy is 99%, for cross-validation and independent testing has 99.80% and 100%
accuracy respectively. The overall accuracy of the proposed model is 99%, sensitivity value 98% and specificity 99% and
F1-score was 0.99.

Conclusion:

It concludes, the proposed model for prediction of the tumor suppressor proteins can predict the tumor
suppressor proteins efficiently, but it still has space for improvements in computational ways as the protein sequences
may rapidly increase, day by day.
Poloxamer Modified Chitosan Nanoparticles for Vaginal Delivery of Acyclovir
Authors: Deshkar Sanjeevani , Sikchi Sumit , Thakre Anjali , Kale Rupali
Published: January 2021

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to design a surface modified chitosan nanoparticle
system for vaginal delivery of acyclovir for effective drug uptake into vaginal mucosa.

Method:

Acyclovir-loaded chitosan nanoparticles, with and without modification by poloxamer
407, were prepared by ionic gelation method. The effects of two independent variables, chitosan to
sodium tripolyphosphate mass ratio (X1) and acyclovir concentration (X2), on drug entrapment in
nanoparticles were studied using 32 full factorial design. The surface response and counterplots
were drawn to facilitate an understanding of the contribution of the variables and their interaction.
The nanoparticles were evaluated for drug entrapment, size with zeta potential, morphological analysis
by TEM, solid-state characterization by FTIR, DSC, XRD, in vitro dissolution, in vitro cell uptake
using HeLa cell line and in vivo vaginal irritation test in Wistar rats.

Results:

Chitosan nanoparticle formulation with chitosan to sodium tripolyphosphate mass ratio of
2:1 and acyclovir concentration of 2 mg/mL resulted in the highest entrapment efficiency. The resulting
nanoparticles revealed spherical morphology with a particle size of 191.2 nm. The surface
modification of nanoparticles with poloxamer resulted in higher drug entrapment (74.3±1.5%),
higher particle size (391.1 nm) as a result of dense surface coating, lower zeta potential and sustained
drug release compared to unmodified nanoparticles. The change in the crystallinity of the
drug during nanoparticle formulation was observed in DSC and XRD study. Cellular uptake of
poloxamer-modified chitosan nanoparticles was found to be higher than chitosan nanoparticles in
HeLa cells. Safety of nanoparticle formulations by vaginal route was evident when tested in female
rats.

Conclusion:

Conclusively, poloxamer-modified CH NP could serve as a promising and safe delivery
system with enhanced cellular drug uptake.
Lijst van de straten met een persoonsnaam - Stad Gent.
Authors: GT Gt
Published: January 2021

De lijst werd alfabetisch op de familienaam opgemaakt, dit in tegenstelling met de officiële algemene straatnamenlijst waar ook de voornamen in aanmerking genomen worden voor de alfabetische rangschikking.
Vraag en Antwoord
Authors: GT Gt
Published: January 2021

oa van de Gasthuislaan in Gent. van de benaming KLEIN TURKIJE
Lezers schrijven ons.
Authors: GT Gt
Published: January 2021

oa over Rooigems kartuizerklooster ergens tussen de huidige Kaarderijstraat, de Rooigemlaan en de Drongensesteenweg maar waar exact.
Begijnengracht apotheek Boonen (FOTO)
Authors: Collumbien Hugo
Published: January 2021

De oude apotheek.
Het Pand (foto)
Authors: Foto GT
Published: January 2021

Dit bestaat niet meer.
Lezers aan het woord (6-2016)
Authors: GT Redactie
Published: January 2021

vragen en antwoorden over: Wolweverskapel, Vierweegschede, Kouterstegen, Kleinvleeshuis - steeg en Kortedagsteeg. Oorlogsgraven. De cafés Rembrandt en Teniers aan de Brabantdam. Patershol Gent. Eeuwenoud, eigenwijs, springlevend
“O meu reino não é deste mundo” : Ronald Dworkin e o desafio da religião
Authors: Murata Daniel Peixoto
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:O artigo é um diálogo com o livro póstumo de Dworkin, Religion Without God. Em um primeiro momento, busco reconstruir fielmente o argumento de Dworkin neste livro e em outros escritos recentes, para então ver como a ideia dworkiniana de um direito geral à independência ética, em vez de um direito especial à liberdade religiosa, se aplicaria em um caso concreto. Em um segundo momento, eu analiso duas objeções que conservadores religiosos poderiam fazer contra o projeto liberal de Dworkin. A primeira objeção defende que o autor importa indevidamente para a religião uma distinção entre fato e valor que é típica da filosofia, mas não da religiosidade. A segunda objeção alega que a religião é um bem básico de caráter reflexivo, e não algo individualista como Dworkin dá a entender. Minha conclusão será de que a liberdade religiosa é um problema que demanda uma solução política, e que talvez a postura mais respeitosa em relação à religião reconheça que parte dela pode ser sacrificada em nome de outros valores que reputamos importantes.
Dignidade e Autonomia: reflexões sobre a tradição Kantiana
Authors: Adriano Araújo Luana , Melo Martins Laércio
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:Tradução para o português de Luana Adriano Araújo e Laércio Melo Martins do texto “Dignidad y autonomía. Reflexiones sobre la tradición kantiana”, de autoria de Thomas Gutmann, traduzido do alemão para o espanhol por Carlos Emel Rendón e publicado na Revista Estud. filos, nº 59, Enero-junio de 2019.A ideia kantiana de que somente pessoas podem reivindicar respeito (“dignidade”) e somente para elas podem existir direitos morais, embora, ao mesmo tempo, nem todos os seres humanos sejam pessoas nesse sentido prescritivo estrito, contém um potencial considerável de exclusão. O presente artigo reconstrói, sob essa perspectiva, a arquitetura da filosofia moral de Kant (e da tradição kantiana) e investiga o alcance e os limites das diferentes propostas de solução imanentes à sua teoria.
A aplicação do princípio da insignificância nos crimes de furto: um estudo empírico sobre os parâmetros do STF e sua relevância nas decisões dos juízes da Comarca de Três Rios/RJ
Authors: Garau Marilha Gabriela Reverendo , Pereira Maria Fernanda Escobar
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:O presente artigo é fruto de um estudo que conjuga métodos quantitativos e qualitativos a fim de melhor compreender os critérios para aplicação do princípio da insignificância pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, bem como se esses critérios são considerados pelos juízes de primeira instância para decidir nos crimes de furto em uma comarca específica.
Violência contra a mulher: uma abordagem histórica
Authors: Martinelli Aline
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:O trabalho proposto aborda tema atual e contemporâneo, a violência contra a mulher e sua evolução social até os dias atuais. Através de uma análise bibliográfica e documental, tem como principal objetivo analisar as diversas perspectivas nas quais a mulher estava inserida enquanto vítima e enquanto criminosa e seus reflexos no mundo jurídico, especialmente o penal, levando em conta aspectos históricos, culturais e sociais. Os resultados revelaram que as mulheres são historicamente discriminadas de forma direta ou indireta uma vez que estão presentes crenças subjetivas e sociais acerca de seu papel na sociedade. Permitiuse apurar que, mesmo nos tempos atuais, a mulher sofre constantes violações de seus direitos, pois algumas visões patriarcais ainda se encontram incrustradas na nossa sociedade e geram reflexos no mundo jurídico.
La búsqueda de la paz en Colombia, construcción social y femenina
Authors: Estupiñán Achury Liliana
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:Entrevista que reflete o papel das mulheres na construção da paz para a Colômbia. Ser mulher, líder social, defensora dos direitos humanos e mãe, um desafio em um país que vive o conflito armado há mais de cinquenta anos e que violou milhões de seres humanos. Como se constrói uma líder social na Colômbia, dificuldades e grandes desafios, quais são suas contribuições para a construção de uma paz completa. Perguntas e respostas que podem ser encontradas nesta fascinante entrevista. Sem dúvida, Diana Sánchez Lara é uma das mulheres e líderes sociais mais importantes da Colômbia, parte do que foi alcançado em termos de paz, deve-se a seres humanos que, como ela, dão tudo de si pela construção de uma Colômbia diferente, pacífica e social.
A universalização do cuidado como objetivo prioritário das novas políticas de igualdade no âmbito da Constituição espanhola.
Authors: Puig Ana Marrades
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:A dedicação que as mulheres têm dado a menores, idosos e dependentes é essencial para a manutenção do estado de bem-estar, mas não pode continuar sendo de responsabilidade exclusiva das mulheres. Também não se pode negar os valores que as mulheres demonstraram para tornar possível esse cuidado, mas isso deve ser reconhecido e universalizado. Apesar de sua importância, a ética do cuidado é um conceito que às vezes tem sido injustamente criticado pelo feminismo por sua conotação essencialista que deve ser recuperada e reinterpretada de outra perspectiva. Não se trata apenas de reivindicar o valor do que as mulheres fizeram (sempre e ainda), mas também de destacar a falta desse valor como ingrediente fundamental do discurso ético. É essencial encontrar novos valores, princípios e elementos legais para reavaliar os cuidados, sem conotações essencialistas, e colocar a pessoa no centro dos direitos e políticas. É necessário fazer políticas diferentes, principalmente em matéria de direitos e educação, mas não apenas isso; é essencial também incorporar uma perspectiva feminista que valorize a importância dos valores reprodutivos. Este trabalho pretende fazer propostas que permitam encontrar esses novos elementos para construir um novo pacto constitucional mais alinhado às atuais necessidades de assistência social e econômica.