bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КЛІНІЧНІ ВАРІАНТИ СОМАТОГЕННОГО АСТЕНІЧНОГО СИМПТОМОКОМПЛЕКСУ ТА КАРДІОВАСКУЛЯРНИЙ РИЗИК У КОМБАТАНТІВ
Authors: Cherkashyna L. V. , Kyrychenko I. I. , Siabrenko G. P.
Published: March 2021

Резюме. Актуальність дослідження визначається недосконалістю існуючих підходів до оцінки кардіоваскулярного ризику (КВР), що базуються на лабораторно-інструментальних дослідженнях, при яких не враховують ні психологічного портрету особистості, ні наявності непсихотичних розладів психічної сфери. Саме це й вимагає удосконалити концепцію діяльності на первинному рівні надання допомоги задля підвищення ефективності профілактичних заходів та покращання прогнозу пацієнтів із високим КВР.

Мета дослідження – вивчити частоту та характер клінічних варіантів соматогенного астенічного симптомокомплексу серед комбатантів, стратифікованих за рівнем КВР.

Матеріали і методи. Первинною інформаційною базою для виконання дослідження стали результати комплексного клініко-анамнестичного обстеження 450 пацієнтів комбатантів, серед яких 400 осіб мали НППС та які попередньо були стратифіковані за рівнем кардіоваскулярного ризику (КВР), визначеним за методикою «SCORE». Застосування цієї методики передбачало урахування віку, статі, наявності тютюнокуріння, рівня артеріального тиску тощо і передбачало можливість екстраполяції можливого ризику на старший вік.

Результати. Серед 99 пацієнтів із мінімальним КВР виявлено, що САСК мало місце у (21,2±4,1) % обстежених: однаково поширеними були всі клінічні варіанти САСК (їх частота коливалась у межах від (3,0±1,7) % – астенічний, до (7,1±2,6) % – астено-тривожний та астено-субдепресивний). При цьому проміжне положення за показником частоти займав дисомнічний варіант САСК – (4,0±2,0) %. Серед 102 пацієнтів з середнім КВР виявлено, що частота САСК у цій групі не відрізняється від аналогічного показника групи з мінімальнгим КВР та становила (21,6±4,1) %, однак у структурі САСК групи з середнім КВР достовірна (р≤0,05) більше клінічних варіантів астенічного типу, частота якого становила (11,8±3,2) %, тоді як інші клінічні варіанти в цій групі діагностовані з однаковою частотою (у межах від (2,0±1,4) % – дисомнічний варіант до (4,9±2,1) % – астено-субдепресивний, р>0,05). Серед 97 пацієнтів із високим КВР виявлено, що САСК мав місце достовірно (р≤0,05) рідше, ніж при мінімальному КВР – у (10,1±3,2) % обстежених, а за частотою діагностування клінічні варіанти САСК виявлялися однаково часто (від (1,0±1,0) % – дисомнічний, до (3,0±1,7) % – астено-тривожний та астено-субдепресивний, р>0,05).

Висновки. У дослідженні визначені частота та характер клінічних варіантів САСК у комбатантів із різним рівнем КВР та доведено наявність найбільш високої частоти астенічного типу (р<0,05) в групі пацієнтів з середнім рівнем КВР порівняно з іншими клінічними варіантами. Астенічний тип САСК найбільш властивий хворим із реалізованим КВР та пацієнтам з середнім рівнем КВР, тоді як інші клінічні варіанти САСК виявлені з однаковою частотою серед пацієнтів з різним рівнем КВР.
ВПЛИВ ЕКЗО- ТА ЕНДОГЕННИХ ЧИННИКІВ НА МОРФОЛОГІЮ ПІДШЛУНКОВОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ
Authors: Zykova N. P. , Nebesna Z. M. , Kramar S. B. , Lytvynyuk S. O.
Published: March 2021

Резюме. Стаття присвячена вивченню та детальному аналізу статей та наукової літератури щодо морфофункціональних особливостей ремоделювання підшлункової залози при різноманітних впливах на організм. Підшлункова залоза разом з іншими залозами беруть участь у регуляції функцій організму, тому порушення її діяльності під впливом різноманітних чинників є актуальною темою.

Мета дослідження – вивчити і проаналізувати сучасні дані науковців щодо впливу різноманітних чинників на реорганізацію підшлункової залози та виокремити нові перспективні морфологічні погляди на дослідження органа.

Матеріали і методи. Матеріалом для статті були наукові публікації за останні роки, що стосувалися впливу різноманітних чинників на морфологічні особливості підшлункової залози.

Результати. У дослідженні розглянуто літературні дані впливу на підшлункову залозу солей важких металів, наркотичних і токсичних речовин, алкоголю, тютюнокуріння, голодування, ожиріння, гравітаційних навантажень, кисневого голодування, гіпероксигенації, гіпотермії, дегідратації, недостатньої кількості йоду, лікарських препаратів, вірусних інфекцій, а також при дії електричного струму. Проте невелика кількість наукових джерел присвячена впливу термічного фактора на стан підшлункової залози.

Висновки. Згідно з аналізом літературних джерел, вивчено вплив значної кількості зовнішніх та внутрішніх чинників на підшлункову залозу. Проте вплив термічних опіків шкіри на морфофункціональний стан залози у сучасних наукових статтях практично не зустрічається, тому дана проблема потребує подальших досліджень.
A experiência do Laboratório Agência de Comunicação Solidária na formação em relações públicas e comunicação organizacional
Authors: Lima Fábia Pereira , Lima Rafaela Pereira
Published: March 2021

O artigo apresenta a experiência pedagógica do Laboratório Agência de Comunicação Solidária (ACS Lab), conformada como uma atividade de ensino, pesquisa e extensão no âmbito dos cursos da área da Comunicação Social da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). O ACS Lab é um projeto desenvolvido em parceria com a organização da sociedade civil Associação Imagem Comunitária (AIC), trabalhando com grupos, coletivos, instituições e movimentos voltados à promoção dos direitos humanos e da cidadania. A experiencia do ACS Lab qualifica o projeto pedagógico da UFMG ao promover uma sólida formação cidadã, baseada no princípio da solidariedade e no protagonismo dos estudantes na construção do conhecimento, bem como o acesso dos estudantes a novas perspectivas conceituais e metodológicas em comunicação organizacional. Trata-se de uma experiência transformadora não apenas para os coletivos que se apropriam da comunicação para a defesa de suas causas, como também para os estudantes, que ampliam seu repertório de conhecimentos e métodos, ao mesmo tempo em que vivenciam os impactos sociais de sua prática profissional.
David Buckingham: a Educação Midiática não deve apenas lidar com o mundo digital, mas sim exigir algo diferente
Authors: Calixto Douglas , Luz-Carvalho Tatiana Garcia , Citelli Adilson
Published: March 2021

David Buckingham concedeu entrevista exclusiva à Revista Comunicação & Educação. Realizado remotamente, o diálogo tem o intuito de elucidar aspectos práticos e teóricos que marcam a obra do autor. Buckingham analisa questões da interface comunicação e educação, as referências teóricas compartilhadas com os estudos culturais e, sobretudo, o entendimento de que é necessário superar o viés instrumental da mídia em favor de uma compreensão abrangente sobre o capitalismo digital. Na entrevista, o pesquisador responde questões relacionadas à formação docente no campo das tecnologias digitais, ao desenvolvimento de estratégias pedagógicas para lidar com o capitalismo digital no âmbito escolar e, especialmente, ao conceito de educação midiática.
Libras e a gestão compartilhada das águas: trocando experiências na produção de vídeos educomunicativos para a comunidade surda
Authors: Brando Fernanda da Rocha , Teixeira Tabita
Published: March 2021

A exclusão da comunidade surda ocorre, muitas vezes, devido à falta de acessibilidade deste público quanto às informações, ao conhecimento e aos poucos materiais educomunicativos disponíveis gratuitamente. Neste trabalho, o foco recai em materiais que abordam questões socioambientais relacionadas à água. A experiência relatada refere-se à produção de seis vídeos em Libras, sobre a temática água, realizada no segundo semestre de 2018, a partir de um estudo em conjunto com surdos de uma associação. Esses materiais estão disponíveis gratuitamente na Internet e têm como público-alvo indivíduos e comunidades surdas, profissionais e instituições que atuam na área. Espera-se que os vídeos despertem a curiosidade de seus visualizadores, a sensibilização e conscientização quanto à água e sirvam como ferramenta de estudo para possíveis ações e projetos de Educação Ambiental, promovendo, assim, a gestão compartilhada das águas.
princípio da proporcionalidade na aplicação das sanções previstas na Lei Federal do Pregão
Authors: Gonçalves Marcelo
Published: March 2021

A modalidade de licitação por pregão revela-se um importante meio de simplificação e desburocratização das contratações públicas, sendo amplamente usado pela administração. Todavia, isso deu espaço para o cometimento de fraudes e irregularidades, que prejudicam o bom andamento dos certames, que culminou no enrijecimento das sanções previstas em lei, conforme entendimento do TCU, no Acórdão 754 – plenário. Assim, será analisado se o entendimento do TCU, em afastar a análise do dolo e da culpa dos concorrentes, e desconsiderar o princípio da proporcionalidade, está correto. O método de pesquisa utilizado é o estudo de caso, e o de procedimento bibliográfico. A administração não pode desprezar conceitos mínimos de justiça, como o princípio de proporcionalidade e a responsabilização subjetiva.
que os olhos não veem, as câmeras monitoram
Authors: Abbas da Silva Lorena , Franqueira Bruna Diniz , Hartmann Ivar A.
Published: March 2021

Com o avanço do uso de tecnologia de reconhecimento facial para fins de segurança pública em diversos países da América Latina, os efeitos discriminatórios ou danosos a outras garantias individuais provocados pelo emprego desses sistemas tornaram-se evidentes. As incertezas quanto à magnitude do potencial negativo do monitoramento biométrico em espaços públicos, bem como a opacidade decorrente do uso da inteligência artificial, fazem com que seja necessário compreender qual o atual cenário de garantias legais frente esse novo instrumento de vigilância. O presente trabalho pretende investigar qual a situação regulatória do uso de tecnologias de reconhecimento facial no campo da segurança em países da América Latina que possuem, pelo menos, legislação de proteção de dados pessoais. Além de apresentar casos de uso de tecnologia de reconhecimento facial na Argentina, Brasil, Chile Colômbia, Costa Rica, México, Nicarágua, Panamá, Peru, República Dominicana e Uruguai, foram verificadas normas de abrangência nacional que eventualmente regulam esse uso ou se conectam diretamente com o tema, bem como leis sobre tratamento de dados pessoais por órgãos públicos, videovigilância e segurança pública.
Políticas Públicas sob a ótica da democracia participativa
Authors: Chudzij Luísa Fófano
Published: March 2021

Tem-se por objeto de estudo as Políticas Públicas dentro do contexto de democracia participativa e eficiência. Estabeleceu-se como objetivo geral a análise da possibilidade de utilização das redes sociais, como mecanismos de participação da população na formulação e controle de Políticas Públicas, a fim de alcançar uma maior eficiência das ações governamentais. O método empregado na construção das principais ideias textuais foi o dedutivo e, para tanto, pautou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica para alcançar o resultado final. Além disso, efetuou-se, também, uma análise empírica da utilização das redes sociais como canais de comunicação entre sociedade-agente político, por meio de uma entrevista com um agente político do Município de Curitiba. Para embasar e dar sustentação ao debate, realizou-se uma abordagem conceitual das Políticas Públicas e do princípio da eficiência para relacionar àquelas ao conceito de Democracia participativa. No mais, pormenorizou-se o exemplo da Constituinte Islandesa de 2011, para fundamentar a possibilidade de utilização de redes sociais nas Políticas Públicas. Conclui-se que é essencial a implementação da Democracia participativa, na qual a população poderá opinar e indicar suas reivindicações, legitimando as Políticas Públicas. E para tanto, indicou-se a utilização das redes sociais como mecanismos de criação de um ambiente político de diálogo participativo.
Improbidade administrativa e restrições ao exercício de direitos políticos
Authors: Venturini Otavio , Spinardi Felipe
Published: March 2021

O artigo trata das restrições incidentes sobre os direitos políticos dos indivíduos responsáveis pela prática de atos ilícitos previstos na Lei nº 8.429/92, a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa. O estudo contempla uma análise da jurisprudência dos tribunais superiores e considera a multiplicidade de normas que compõem o Sistema Normativo Brasileiro de Combate à Corrupção (SNBCC), bem como a sua relação com o Direito Eleitoral. Busca, assim, compreender e avaliar, de forma crítica e fundamentada, as interfaces dos diplomas legais e normas constitucionais que tratam do assunto, especialmente no que toca às interações existentes entre a Lei nº 8.429/92 e a Lei da Ficha Limpa (Lei Complementar nº 135/10).
reparação do dano moral coletivo por ato de improbidade administrativa
Authors: Maksym Cristina Borges Ribas
Published: March 2021

A doutrina e a jurisprudência oscilam em reconhecer o dano moral coletivo. Esta relutância jurisprudencial, contudo, não é tão evidente quando se trata de condenar agentes ímprobos em reparar estes danos morais coletivos, causados em face da lesão à moralidade administrativa – havendo, nestas hipóteses, uma maior aceitação dos Tribunais. O presente artigo analisa referida problemática, por meio de revisão bibliográfica e da análise crítica da jurisprudência, verificando se os atos de improbidade administrativa podem lesionar interesse coletivo conexo com a dignidade ao ponto de motivar a reparação deste dano. Conclui-se que não é todo e qualquer ato ímprobo que gera dano moral coletivo, sendo necessário o preenchimento dos quatro requisitos deste prejuízo conexo à dignidade humana (elemento material, formal, qualitativo e quantitativo), não sendo cabível a consideração de um dano hipotético.
Morphology and molecular data of the species of Suillus (Suillaceae, Boletales) associated with Pinus sibirica at the European northeast of Russia

Authors: PALAMARCHUK MARINA A. , KIRILLOV DMITRY V. , SHADRIN DMITRY M.
Published: March 2021

The genus Suillus represents the largest genus of the family Suillaceae, forming ectomycorrhizae with coniferous trees. Here, we presented the first results of molecular research (nrITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequences) of the specimens of Suillus, forming ectomycorrhizae with Pinus sibirica, at the territory of European northeast of Russia. The six taxa (Suillus acidus var. intermedius, S. placidus, S. plorans subsp. plorans, S. plorans subsp. cyanescens, S. punctipes and S. sibiricus) are identified based on morphological and molecular evidence. The key for identification, full morphological descriptions, the color photos of basidiomata and information on their ecology and distribution in Russia and world are presented for these taxa. On the basis of the molecular approach, we confirmed the relevance of subspecies Suillus plorans subsp. cyanescens previously described only by morphological features. BLAST-analysis of Suillus placidus with untypical for this species brown pileus revealed 99% identity with the specimens of S. placidus from Asia, for which the color of pileus varies from white to brown.
Investigation of Cloud-to-Ground Flashes in the Non-Precipitating Stratiform Region of a Mesoscale Convective System on 20 August 2019 and Implications for Decision Support Services
Authors: Schultz Christopher J. , Allen Roger E. , Murphy Kelley M. , Herzog Benjamin S. , Weiss Stephanie A. , Ringhausen Jacquelyn S.
Published: March 2021

Infrequent lightning flashes occurring outside of surface precipitation pose challenges to Impact-Based Decision Support Services (IDSS) for outdoor activities. This paper examines the remote sensing observations from an event on 20 August 2019 where multiple cloud-to-ground flashes occurred over 10 km outside surface precipitation (lowest radar tilt reflectivity < 10 dBZ and no evidence of surface precipitation) in a trailing stratiform region of a mesoscale convective system. The goal is to demonstrate the fusion of radar with multiple lightning observations and a lightning risk model to demonstrate how reflectivity and differential reflectivity combined provided the best indicator for the potential of lightning where all of the other lightning safety methods failed. A total of 13 lightning flashes were observed by the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) within the trailing stratiform region between 2100 and 2300 UTC. The average size of the 13 lightning flashes was 3184 km2, with an average total optical energy of 7734 fJ. A total of 75 NLDN flash locations were coincident with the 13 GLM flashes, resulting in an average of 5.8 NLDN flashes [in-cloud (IC) and cloud-to-ground (CG)] per GLM flash. In total, five of the GLM flashes contained at least one positive cloud-to-ground flash (+CG) flash identified by the NLDN, with peak amplitudes ranging between 66 and 136 kA. All eight CG flashes identified by the NLDN were located more than 10 km outside surface precipitation. The only indication of the potential of these infrequently large flashes was the presence of depolarization streaks in differential reflectivity (ZDR) and enhanced reflectivity near the melting layer.
Immigration Threat, Partisanship, and Democratic Citizenship: Evidence from the US, UK, and Germany
Authors: Goodman Sara Wallace
Published: March 2021

Politicians and media frequently invoke immigration threats to shape public opinion. But how do outgroup threat frames affect norms of citizenship, including behavior, liberal value commitments, and national belonging? This paper presents evidence from an embedded vignette survey experiment in three immigrant-receiving societies: United States, United Kingdom, and Germany. I find immigration threats are filtered through partisanship in polarized settings, and asymmetrically affect norms of “good citizenship” among individuals on the partisan left. However, we see variation within this group: Democrats (US) de-value norms of behavior, like voting and being informed, while Labor supports (UK) repudiate liberal norms like tolerance and rally around national belonging. By contrast, in Germany, we observe more consensus in citizenship norm responses. The strong effect of immigration threat framing on the partisan left brings our attention to the strategic use of immigration discourse to move traditionally sympathetic citizens away from democratic civic ideals.
The Element of Surprise: Election Timing and Opposition Preparedness
Authors: McClean Charles T.
Published: March 2021

How can incumbent governments benefit when they control the timing of elections? The conventional wisdom is that incumbents gain an advantage by timing elections to coincide with favorable economic conditions. An alternative mechanism that has received less attention is the element of surprise: the incumbent’s ability to exploit the opposition’s lack of election preparedness. I theorize and empirically test this surprise mechanism using candidate-level data from Japanese House of Representatives elections (1955–2017). The results show that in surprise elections, opposition parties recruit fewer, lower-quality candidates, spend less money campaigning, coordinate their candidates less effectively, and ultimately receive fewer votes and seats. Evidence from fixed effects models and exogenously timed by-elections further suggest that surprise matters more in shorter, competitive election campaigns and helps incumbents more with confronting inter-party as opposed to intra-party electoral competition. These findings add to our understanding of how strategic election timing can undermine electoral accountability.
Policy-Making in Multi-Level Systems: Ideology, Authority, and Education
Authors: Garritzmann Julian L. , Röth Leonce , Kleider Hanna
Published: March 2021

Most political systems consist of multiple layers. While this fact is widely acknowledged, we know surprisingly little about its implications for policy-making. Most comparative studies still focus exclusively on the national level. We posit that both “methodological nationalism” and “methodological subnationalism” should be avoided. We argue instead that in multilevel systems national and subnational governments jointly affect policy-making. Their respective influence is, however, conditional on the distribution of policy authority. Moreover, we identify power asymmetries, as subnational governments hardly affect policy-making in centralized systems whereas national governments shape subnational policy-making even in decentralized polities. Empirically, we study the case of education policy. Novel data on regional education spending, regional and national governments’ ideology, and regional authority over education in 282 regions in 15 countries over 21 years reveals strong support for the interplay between ideology and the distribution of authority across levels. We conclude by sketching a resulting research agenda.
A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test: Exploring Its Validity Evidence and Effectiveness in Equitably Identifying Gifted Students
Authors: Lee Hyeseong , Karakis Nesibe , Olcay Akce Bekir , Azzam Tuzgen Abdullah , Karami Sareh , Gentry Marcia , Maeda Yukiko
Published: March 2021

The Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT) was developed to more equitably identify students of color, as it advertises itself as a culture-fair measure. In this meta-analytic evaluation, we aimed to investigate (a) the generalizability of validity evidence of NNAT by checking its construct and criterion validity with other measures (Part I) and (b) whether NNAT truly meets its goal to identify more culturally diverse students (Part II). After reviewing 1,714 studies, a total of 29 studies met our criteria (59 effect sizes from 22 studies for Part I and 7 effect sizes from 7 studies for Part II). In Part I, we investigated empirical evidence of validity of NNAT in relationship with different types of measures (overall effect size of r was .44); The results revealed that the correlation between NNAT and the achievement test results was 0.68, followed by the intelligence measures similar to NNAT (e.g., Cognitive Abilities Test, Otis–Lennon School Ability Tests; r = .31) and other alternative measures often used to identify gifted students (e.g., teacher-rating scale; r = .20). The moderator analysis results showed high correlations between NNAT and other measures when Naglieri is an author of the study. In Part II, although NNAT identified more students of color compared with other nonverbal tests (overall effect size of risk ratio was 0.42), findings revealed that students of color remain underrepresented in gifted programs and services.
Determinants of Environmental Conflict: When Do Communities Mobilize against Fossil Fuel Production?
Authors: Cheon Andrew , Kang Shi-Teng , Ramachandran Swetha
Published: March 2021

When do indigenous and other negatively affected populations mobilize against fossil fuel companies? We revisit social movement theory and environmental literature to identify three factors that may plausibly shape mobilization decisions of negatively affected populations—democratic institutions, community perceptions of government shaped by land tenure security, and firm attributes. Democratic institutions afford more opportunities for affected populations to air their grievances through protests than non-democratic ones. Land tenure security guaranteed by government contributes to the perception among affected populations that their objectives are better achieved through government mediation than protests. Characteristics of fossil fuel firms, such as state ownership, also shape activist perceptions of government credibility as a mediator. By analyzing fifty-seven countries over the period 1990 to 2013, we find that democracy and state ownership of fossil fuel firms are positively associated with protests, whereas land tenure security is negatively associated.
Reading the mind in cartoon eyes: Comparing human versus cartoon emotion recognition in those with high and low levels of autistic traits
Authors: Atherton Gray , Cross Liam
Published: March 2021

People who have a high degree of autistic traits often underperform on theory of mind tasks such as perspective-taking or facial emotion recognition compared to those with lower levels of autistic traits. However, some research suggests that this may not be the case if the agent they are evaluating is anthropomorphic (i.e. animal or cartoon) rather than typically human. The present studies examined the relation between facial emotion recognition and autistic trait profiles in over 750 adults using either a standard or cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) test. Results showed that those scoring above the clinical cut off for autistic traits on the Autism Quotient performed significantly worse than those with the lowest levels of autistic traits on the standard RME, while scores across these groups did not differ substantially on the cartoon version of the task. These findings add further evidence that theory of mind ability such as facial emotion recognition is not at a global deficit in those with a high degree of autistic traits. Instead, differences in this ability may be specific to evaluating human agents.
Ugandan Adolescents’ Attitudes Toward, and Shared Activities with, Same- and Other-Gender Peers and Friends
Authors: Faragó Flóra , Xu Jingyi , Eggum-Wilkens Natalie D. , Zhang Linlin , An Danming , Kim Eunjung , Adams Emily
Published: March 2021

Ugandan adolescents ( n = 202, 54% girls; Mage = 14.26) answered closed- and open-ended questions about the gender composition of friends and attitudes about, and activities with, same- and other-gender peers and friends. Adolescents’ friendships were somewhat gender segregated, although other-gender friendships were present. Positive attitudes about same- and other-gender peers and friends were prevalent. Girls and boys displayed similar attitudes about same- and other-gender peers, with the exception of boys reporting more positive attitudes toward boys. Adolescents enjoyed the following aspects of same- and other-gender friendships: talking about problems, receiving help, sharing items and activities, receiving advice about romance and puberty, and receiving help with schoolwork. Adolescents engaged with mixed-gender peers for most shared activities, although gender segregation was present for certain activities (e.g., playing sports). Results may inform programs that support positive peer interactions among youth in sub-Saharan Africa.
Border Splurge to Deter Border Surge: An Auto-ethnographic Examination of Border Security Operations on the South Texas–Mexico Border
Authors: Gamino Eric
Published: March 2021

In the summer of 2014, the South Texas–Mexico border became the epicenter of a humanitarian crisis as thousands of unaccompanied minors and mothers from Central America seeking asylum traveled to the Rio Grande Valley. The institutional response from the state of Texas was to militarize the border with a multi-agency initiative dubbed Operation Strong Safety, at a cost of $1.3 million a week for the remainder of the year. I collected data for this study while I worked as a police officer in a police department located on the South Texas–Mexico border that participated in the operation. Importantly, from an institutional perspective, this study illustrates what police officers do while working on this operation. Findings reveal that officers spent their time performing non-enforcement functions. I argue that state governmental officials should divest from ineffective border security operations and should instead allocate funds to local communities and local organizations who are assisting with the humanitarian crisis.
Social Capital and Self-Perceived Health in Lone Mothers: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study across Europe
Authors: Trujillo-Alemán Sara , Tjulin Åsa , Pérez Glòria , Hagqvist Emma
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to explore the distribution of social capital and its relation to self-perceived health in lone mothers across Europe. Data were drawn from the European Social Survey Round 5. The sample was restricted to women (15–64 years), not cohabiting with a partner, and with children (≤ 18 years) living in the household. Social capital was measured using variables, representing both structural (political engagement, social support, and social activity) and cognitive (generalized trust, institutionalized trust, reciprocity, and a feeling of safety) components. Individual-level measurements: age, educational attainment, employment status, income level, and household economy. Country-level measurements: family policy model and collective social capital. A multilevel analysis was conducted. The results revealed cross-country variance in the level of lone mothers’ social capital. After adjustment for individual-level and country-level measurements, only reciprocity and a feeling of safety were related to good self-perceived health among lone mothers in Europe.
A large congenital atrial septal defect in an adult with delayed therapy
Authors: Xie Xia , Tang Mi , Kahn-Krell Asher , Qin Kele , Yang Jinfu , Fan Chengming
Published: March 2021

Patients with a large congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) traditionally have the ASD repaired at the preschool age. Unfortunately, insufficient education of patients regarding medical science and clinical recommendations can lead to delayed therapy, resulting in complications during adulthood. We report a rare case of a large congenital ASD in a 20-year-old man. Echocardiography showed a 67-mm ostium secundum defect and moderate mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. The patient underwent transthoracic ASD repair along with mitral and tricuspid valvuloplasty. This report emphasizes the importance of educating patients about congenital malformations and potential interventions in developing countries, particularly in rural communities.
Fatty acid-binding protein 4 silencing protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis by inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4–nuclear factor-κB pathway
Authors: Sun Fangyuan , Chen Gang , Yang Yingyao , Lei Ming
Published: March 2021

Objective

To explore the effects and potential mechanisms of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro septic cardiomyopathy model.

Methods

Rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against FABP4 (siFABP4), then induced with LPS. The following parameters were measured: cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, cardiac hypertrophy and related marker expression, apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine release and expression, and the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways.

Results

LPS increased the mRNA and protein expression of FABP4 in H9c2 cells. FABP4 silencing by siFABP4 significantly inhibited LPS-induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduced the mRNA expression of the myocardial hypertrophy markers atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide. siFABP4 also attenuated LPS-induced increase in TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, and the release and expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, we found that FABP4 silencing inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4 and suppressed the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, as evidenced by reduced nuclear NF-κB p65 and increased cytoplasmic I-κBα expression in LPS-stimulated H9c2 cells.

Conclusion

FABP4 silencing reduces LPS-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis by down-regulating the TLR4/NF-κB axis.
Deflecting national ideologies: Exploring identity management trajectories of medium-sized cities
Authors: Hassen Inès , Giovanardi Massimo
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses on the agency exhibited by municipal governments in modifying or resisting neoliberal policies, by investigating their efforts to manufacture favorable competitive urban identities. In particular, this paper emphasizes how national ideologies are (re)articulated at a local level by medium-sized cities placed within different national contexts and, thus, exposed to different orientations toward neoliberal principles. By performing historical urban research in Leicester (UK) and Reims (France), this study identifies different expressions of local agency through which cities present their identities on a global scenario, by responding to similar pressure of deindustrialization and urban competition from mid-1970s. If the discursive strategies of both cities reproduce signs of respective national ideologies, findings highlight two trajectories whereby cities negotiate and rework the main narratives underpinning those national ideologies. The concepts of active and passive deflection are offered in order to capture the role of local agency and conceptualize how national ideologies are appropriated locally by medium-sized cities in the attempt to engage with perceived increasing world-level forces.
What kind of global city? Circulating policies for ‘slum’ upgrading in the making of world-class Buenos Aires
Authors: Bertelli Lucrecia
Published: March 2021

Buenos Aires, under the city administration of Horacio Rodríguez Larreta, has recently implemented an ambitious social and territorial integration project in Villa 31 and other low-income settlements within the city. The mayor and his team have circulated the project in prestigious universities and urban forums while talking about Buenos Aires as ‘a global city’. When discussing the design of this integration initiative, the mayor referred to London’s Borough Market, New York’s High Line and Medellín’s Parque Biblioteca. This paper examines the role of policy circulation on the change in discourse and practice towards low-income settlements in Buenos Aires, as well as its relation to the making of a world-class city. I argue that: (a) policy change has been the result of a complex assemblage of artifacts and individuals that mobilise successes, a process that is increasingly South-South; (b) the city government drew its inspiration from urban policies adopted by other cities, not only for the urbanisation project itself, but for approaches to internationalise the initiative; (c) Buenos Aires is using this project as an opportunity to world itself as an integrated city. By doing so, this research adds value to the policy mobility scholarship, since Latin American cities are not only worlding themselves through mega urban developments but also through the circulation of singular ‘world-class’ imaginaries.
Beyond rentiership: Standardisation, intangibles and value capture in global production
Authors: Baglioni Elena , Campling Liam , Hanlon Gerard
Published: March 2021

We examine corporate rentiership in the contemporary economy and suggest that the idea we are in a moment of step-change within capitalism may be premature. Implicit in arguments for a step-change is the claim that the present-day economy emphasises unproductive or rentier forms rather than the more productive and entrepreneurial forms of the past. In contrast, we argue that to understand our current situation we need to focus on the division of labour and most especially on processes of standardisation and the rise of intangible assets. Moving from Marx’s understanding of rent as a class relation, we re-embed rent within the circuit of capital and the realm of value distribution to investigate the class dynamics (among labour, capital and the state) through which giant firms seem to generate value out of rentierism. We argue that these class dynamics include the crucial and unexplored relation between standardisation and intangibles. We suggest standardisation within the division of labour renders people, places, and things interchangeable and that, in contrast, intangible assets differentiate them. When intangible assets emerge as new forms of property, they enable owners to generate scarcity and exert direct and/or indirect control over the wider division of labour. Through examining the combined rise of standardisation and intangible assets within the technical division of labour, we demonstrate how hierarchy within the social division of labour empowers some corporations to capture value produced elsewhere within the circuit of capital.
Can facility-based transitional care improve patient flow? Lessons from four Canadian regions
Authors: Kreindler Sara A. , Struthers Ashley , Star Noah , Bowen Sarah , Hastings Stephanie , Winters Shannon , Johnson Keir , Mallinson Sara , Brierley Meaghan , Anwar Mohammed Rashidul , Aboud Zaid , Basran Jenny , Goertzen Leah Nicholson
Published: March 2021

Units providing transitional, subacute, or restorative care represent a common intervention to facilitate patient flow and improve outcomes for lower acuity (often older) inpatients; however, little is known about Canadian health systems’ experiences with such “transition units.” This comparative case study of diverse units in four health regions (48 interviews) identified important success factors and pitfalls. A fundamental requirement for success is to clearly define the unit’s intended population and design the model around its needs. Planners must also ensure that the unit be resourced and staffed to deliver truly restorative care. Finally, streamlined processes must be developed to help patients access and move through the unit. Units that were perceived as more effective appeared to have satisfactorily addressed these population, capacity, and process issues, whereas those perceived as less effective continued to struggle with them. Findings suggest principles to support optimal design and implementation of transition units.
Perspectives on Motivation and Change in an Intervention for Men Who Use Substances and Perpetrate Intimate Partner Abuse: Findings From a Qualitative Evaluation of the Advance Intervention
Authors: Dheensa Sandi , Halliwell Gemma , Johnson Amy , Henderson Juliet , Love Beverly , Radcliffe Polly , Gilchrist Liz , Gilchrist Gail
Published: March 2021

Despite consistent evidence that substance use is a contributory risk factor for perpetration of intimate partner abuse (IPA), little evidence exists for effective interventions for male IPA perpetrators who use substances. The Advance intervention aimed to meet this need. This 16-week intervention addressed both IPA and substance use, and was for men accessing substance use treatment who had perpetrated IPA toward a female (ex-)partner within the last 12 months. Two key theories underpinned the intervention: goal theory and self-regulation theory. In this article, we aim to illustrate the views of men and substance use treatment staff on men’s motivations to change, the ways in which men and staff said that men had changed their behavior, and the aspects of the intervention that they reported were key in the process of change. Using framework analysis, we analyzed data from 12 men who took part in the intervention as well as 31 staff members from substance use treatment services. Our five overarching themes were personal goal setting and motivation; recognition of IPA and the substance using lifestyle; improved self-regulation; considering the impact on others; and learning together in a group. Men and staff valued having a program that integrated IPA and substance use and thought the program was unique and much needed. Moreover, our findings suggest that goal theory, self-regulation, and more broadly, motivational and strengths-based approaches with practice-based activities, may be beneficial for effecting change in the substance using perpetrator population. However, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. Overall, our findings highlight the value of using qualitative outcome measures of perpetrator programs to complement quantitative measures of impact.
Eat Well El Paso!: Lessons Learned From a Community-Level Restaurant Initiative to Increase Availability of Healthy Options While Celebrating Local Cuisine
Authors: Redelfs Alisha H. , Leos Joy D. , Mata Holly , Ruiz Sarah L. , Whigham Leah D.
Published: March 2021

Purpose:

Restaurants have the potential to improve nutrition and positively shape social norms. We describe lessons learned and recommended strategies from Eat Well El Paso! (EWEP), a local restaurant initiative.

Design:

Descriptive case study.

Setting:

EWEP partnered with local restaurants from 2012-2017 in El Paso, Texas, along the US/Mexico border.

Sample:

Our sampling frame included EWEP staff and managers/owners at participating restaurants, of which the majority participated (80% and 85%, respectively).

Intervention:

EWEP was a local restaurant initiative led by the city public health department. EWEP contracted registered dietitians to assist locally-owned restaurants to increase availability of healthy menu options.

Measures:

Observation, key informant interviews, and document review assessed participation, barriers, and facilitators to restaurant participation and program sustainability.

Analysis:

Thematic and descriptive analyses.

Results:

57% of restaurants completed the full on-boarding process, but long-term retention was low (24% of completers). Restaurant managers/owners perceived value in marketing, nutritional analysis, and menu design. Barriers included scheduling, complexity of restaurant culture, fear of food inspections, restaurant turnover, competing responsibilities, and lack of dedicated funding.

Conclusion:

Although local context and sample size may limit generalizability, lessons learned and recommended strategies are relevant and informative for communities working to increase restaurants’ healthy menu options.
Taking subnational and regional welfare states seriously: Insights from the Quebec case
Authors: Daigneault Pierre-Marc , Birch Lisa , Béland Daniel , Bélanger Samuel-David
Published: March 2021

Most quantitative, comparative welfare state research assumes that subnational welfare regimes are irrelevant or identical to their national counterparts. Many qualitative case studies, on the other hand, have underlined the differences between subnational and national regimes. In this article, we attempt to build bridges between these two strands of literature by examining the case for a Quebec model, that is, a subnational welfare state regime that is distinct from its Canadian counterpart(s). We reviewed seven publications from which we extracted 188 quantitative results relevant to the distinct subnational regime hypothesis. Although not all these results are independent nor based on conclusive evidence, they generally agree that a distinct welfare regime exists in Quebec. We conclude this article by discussing the implications of the Quebec case for the study of welfare regimes at the subnational and regional levels.
Effective removal of Basic Red 12 dye by novel antimicrobial trimellitic anhydride isothiocyanate-cross-linked chitosan hydrogels
Authors: Mohamed Nadia A , Al-Harby Nouf F , Almarshed Mawaheb S
Published: March 2021

Dyes removal from wastewater of industries is considered the prime demand of the environment. Three trimellitic anhydride isothiocyanate-cross-linked chitosan hydrogels, previously reported as novel antimicrobial agents, were investigated for the first time in this work as adsorbents for Basic Red 12 (BR 12) cationic dye. These hydrogels behave as polyanionic materials. Their adsorption capacity for the BR 12 dye increased significantly with increasing both the temperature, the solution pH and their cross-linking content. Their adsorption fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Their adsorption isotherms conform to the Langmuir model suggesting that the adsorption nature is a monolayer having an optimum sorption capability of 38.27 mg g−1 and removal efficiency of 97.38%. The results proved that the adsorption process is remarkably proceeded by chemisorption phenomenon. The data of adsorption thermodynamics indicate that the adsorption is an endothermic process. The regeneration and reuse of the hydrogels were possible. Thus, incorporation of the functionality of the cross-linker into chitosan within the same structure efficiently enhanced its features. It is a good manner for achieving appropriate series of efficient adsorbents which are considered as favorable nominees in the field of basic dyes removal.
COVID-19 Impacts on Employment and Livelihood of Marginal People in Bangladesh: Lessons Learned and Way Forward
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Imran
Published: March 2021

The Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) has created tremendous negative impacts on the livelihood of the marginal population in Bangladesh. Many people working in the informal sector have lost their job and income due to the ongoing pandemic. Unemployment and poverty among the people in both urban and rural areas throughout the country have increased. The success in economic growth in the last few decades could not save poor people to become extreme poor because economic prosperity was not inclusive in Bangladesh. This study tries to identify some of the impacts that COVID-19 has imposed on the lives of marginal population. Then it indicates some of the serious limitations of the existing economic policies. This article suggests that only growth-oriented policy measures are not sufficient to reconstruct the economy in the post-COVID era. Rather Bangladesh needs to adopt employment-oriented economic policies that are capable to create more jobs and reduce poverty and inequality.
Poverty in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Two-Spirit, and Other Sexual and Gender Minority (LGBTQ2S+) Communities in Canada: Implications for Social Work Practice
Authors: Kia Hannah , Robinson Margaret , MacKay Jenna , Ross Lori E.
Published: March 2021

In this article, we draw on a recent review of the Canadian literature on poverty in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, two-spirit, and other sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ2S+) communities to conceptualize social work interventions that may be used to address material inequities among these groups. Our literature review, which was based on a total of 39 works, revealed distinctive expressions of poverty among younger and older LGBTQ2S+ groups, as well as racialized, newcomer, and Indigenous sexual and gender minorities. Drawing on these insights, together with theoretical frameworks grounded in intersectionality and relational poverty analysis, we conceptualize these expressions of material inequity as salient sites of social work practice and propose interventions targeting these manifestations of LGBTQ2S+ poverty at various levels. Given the centrality of anti-poverty work as part of the social work profession’s commitment to social justice, and the dearth of social work literature on LGBTQ2S+ poverty, this article promises to make significant contributions to social work scholarship and professional practice.
Sexual Experiences of Patients with Acute Onset of Coronary Artery Disease in Korea
Authors: Shin Nayeon , Kim Jiyoung
Published: March 2021

Research on the sex life experiences of patients with acute onset of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Korea is limited. This study explored the sex life experiences of Korean patients with acute onset of CAD. In-depth interviews were conducted from April 2019 to March 2020 and responses were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Participants were nine patients with acute onset of CAD. Five theme clusters were discovered: clearing some doubts about CAD and sex, but remains confused; becoming disheartened after disease onset in a society that considers discussion about sex as taboo; avoiding sexual intercourse after recognizing changes in sexual function; experiencing an imbalance in their relationship with their spouse; and hoping to overcome sex life difficulties and return to their old self. Overall, participants experienced challenges in their sex lives after diagnosis and treatment of CAD. The study results contribute to the nursing knowledge on sexual experiences after CAD.