bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing TP53 hotspot mutations as effective predictors of gemcitabine treatment outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Tseng Yen-Han , Tran Trieu Thi My , Tsai Chang Jinghua , Huang Yu-Tang , Nguyen Anh Thuc , Chang Ian Yi‑Feng , Chen Yi-Tung , Hsieh Hao-Wen , Juang Yue-Li , Chang Peter Mu-Hsin , Huang Tzu-Yi , Chang Ying-Chih , Chen Yuh-Min , Liu Hsuan , Huang Chi-Ying F.
Published: January 2025

TP53 mutations are recognized to correlate with a worse prognosis in individuals with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There exists an immediate necessity to pinpoint selective treatment for patients carrying TP53 mutations. Potential drugs were identified by comparing drug sensitivity differences, represented by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), between TP53 mutant and wild-type NSCLC cell lines using database analysis. In addition, clinical data from NSCLC patients were collected to evaluate both their TP53 status and their response to gemcitabine, thereby facilitating further validation. Subsequently, NSCLC cell lines with different TP53 status (A549 and H1299) were subjected to gemcitabine treatment to investigate the association between TP53 mutations and gemcitabine response. According to the dataset, NSCLC cell lines carrying TP53 mutations displayed heightened sensitivity to gemcitabine. From a clinical standpoint, patients exhibiting TP53 hotspot mutations demonstrated prolonged overall survival upon gemcitabine treatment. In vitro, overexpressing various hotspot TP53 mutations significantly sensitized H1299 cells to gemcitabine. Moreover, the knockdown of TP53 in A549 cells notably augmented sensitivity to gemcitabine treatment, as evidenced by cell viability and reproductive cell death assays. Conversely, the overexpression of wild-type TP53 in H1299 cells led to an increased resistance against gemcitabine. Gemcitabine is a treatment option for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who carry TP53 hotspot mutations. This potential effectiveness might arise from its ability to disrupt DNA damage repair processes, leading to G2/M phase cell cycle arrest or an augmentation of mitotic abnormalities, eventually cause cell death. As a result, when planning treatment strategies for NSCLC patients possessing TP53 hotspot mutations, gemcitabine should be considered to incorporate into the indication.
Nutrition and Hypertension Researches in 2023: focus on salt intake and blood pressure
Authors: Matsumoto Chisa
Published: January 2025

Hypertension is a major global health issue that contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The management and prevention of hypertension often involve nutritional and dietary modifications, which are considered effective non-pharmacological strategies. In 2023, the Hypertension Research published several papers highlighting nutrition and hypertension. In addition, multiple studies published in leading journals explored the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure (BP) in 2023. In this mini-review, we summarize the key findings of nutritional studies published in the Hypertension Research in 2023. This mini-review also highlights significant findings from the latest research on salt intake and its impact on BP. The new findings from nutritional studies will provide deeper insights on planning dietary strategies for the management of hypertension.
Splicing accuracy varies across human introns, tissues, age and disease
Authors: García-Ruiz S. , Zhang D. , Gustavsson E. K. , Rocamora-Perez G. , Grant-Peters M. , Fairbrother-Browne A. , Reynolds R. H. , Brenton J. W. , Gil-Martínez A. L. , Chen Z. , Rio D. C. , Botia J. A. , Guelfi S. , Collado-Torres L. , Ryten M.
Published: January 2025

Alternative splicing impacts most multi-exonic human genes. Inaccuracies during this process may have an important role in ageing and disease. Here, we investigate splicing accuracy using RNA-sequencing data from >14k control samples and 40 human body sites, focusing on split reads partially mapping to known transcripts in annotation. We show that splicing inaccuracies occur at different rates across introns and tissues and are affected by the abundance of core components of the spliceosome assembly and its regulators. We find that age is positively correlated with a global decline in splicing fidelity, mostly affecting genes implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. We find support for the latter by observing a genome-wide increase in splicing inaccuracies in samples affected with Alzheimer’s disease as compared to neurologically normal individuals. In this work, we provide an in-depth characterisation of splicing accuracy, with implications for our understanding of the role of inaccuracies in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders.
NAD World 3.0: the importance of the NMN transporter and eNAMPT in mammalian aging and longevity control
Authors: Imai Shin-ichiro
Published: January 2025

Over the past five years, systemic NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) decline has been accepted to be a key driving force of aging in the field of aging research. The original version of the NAD World concept was proposed in 2009, providing an integrated view of the NAD+-centric, systemic regulatory network for mammalian aging and longevity control. The reformulated version of the concept, the NAD World 2.0, was then proposed in 2016, emphasizing the importance of the inter-tissue communications between the hypothalamus and peripheral tissues including adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. There has been significant progress in our understanding of the importance of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key NAD+ intermediate, and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), particularly extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). With these exciting developments, the further reformulated version of the concept, the NAD World 3.0, is now proposed, featuring multi-layered feedback loops mediated by NMN and eNAMPT for mammalian aging and longevity control.
Codeveloping a community-based, peer-led psychosocial support intervention to reduce stigma and depression among people with tuberculosis and their households in Indonesia: a mixed-methods participatory action study
Authors: Fuady Ahmad , Anindhita Mariska , Hanifah Matsna , Putri Arieska Malia Novia , Karnasih Artasya , Agiananda Feranindhya , Yani Finny Fitry , Haya Marinda Asiah Nuril , Pakasi Trevino Aristaskus , Wingfield Tom
Published: January 2025

Evidence relating to peer support and community-based psychological and social (psychosocial) interventions to reduce stigma and depression among people with tuberculosis (TB) and their households is limited. This study aimed to engage with multisectoral stakeholders in Indonesia to co-develop a peer-led, community-based psychosocial intervention that is replicable, acceptable, and sustainable. We used a participatory action design and engaged key national, multisectoral stakeholders to ensure that the intervention co-design was relevant and appropriate to the TB health system and the sociocultural context of Indonesia. The co-design of the intervention evolved through four phases: (1) a scoping review to identify a long list of potential TB stigma reduction interventions; (2) a modified Delphi survey to define a shortlist of the potential interventions; (3) a national multisectoral participatory workshop to identify and pre-finalize the most viable elements of psychosocial support to distill into a single multi-faceted intervention; and (4) finalization of the intervention activities. The scoping review identified 12 potential intervention activities. These were then reduced to a shortlist of six potential intervention activities through a modified Delphi Survey completed by 22 multisectoral stakeholder representatives. At the national participatory workshop, the suitability, acceptability, and feasibility of the six potential intervention activities were discussed by the key stakeholders, and consensus reached on the final four activities to be integrated into the psychosocial support intervention. These activities consisted of: individual psychological assessment and counselling; monthly peer-led group counselling; peer-led individual support; and community-based TB Talks. In Indonesia, meaningful participation of multisectoral stakeholders facilitated co-design of a community-based, peer-led intervention to reduce TB stigma and depression amongst people with TB and their households. The intervention was considered to be locally appropriate and viable, and is being implemented and evaluated as part of the TB-CAPS intervention study.
A genome-wide atlas of human cell morphology
Authors: Ramezani Meraj , Weisbart Erin , Bauman Julia , Singh Avtar , Yong John , Lozada Maria , Way Gregory P. , Kavari Sanam L. , Diaz Celeste , Leardini Eddy , Jetley Gunjan , Pagnotta Jenlu , Haghighi Marzieh , Batista Thiago M. , Pérez-Schindler Joaquín , Claussnitzer Melina , Singh Shantanu , Cimini Beth A. , Blainey Paul C. , Carpenter Anne E. , Jan Calvin H. , Neal James T.
Published: January 2025

A key challenge of the modern genomics era is developing empirical data-driven representations of gene function. Here we present the first unbiased morphology-based genome-wide perturbation atlas in human cells, containing three genome-wide genotype–phenotype maps comprising CRISPR–Cas9-based knockouts of >20,000 genes in >30 million cells. Our optical pooled cell profiling platform (PERISCOPE) combines a destainable high-dimensional phenotyping panel (based on Cell Painting) with optical sequencing of molecular barcodes and a scalable open-source analysis pipeline to facilitate massively parallel screening of pooled perturbation libraries. This perturbation atlas comprises high-dimensional phenotypic profiles of individual cells with sufficient resolution to cluster thousands of human genes, reconstruct known pathways and protein–protein interaction networks, interrogate subcellular processes and identify culture media-specific responses. Using this atlas, we identify the poorly characterized disease-associated TMEM251/LYSET as a Golgi-resident transmembrane protein essential for mannose-6-phosphate-dependent trafficking of lysosomal enzymes. In sum, this perturbation atlas and screening platform represents a rich and accessible resource for connecting genes to cellular functions at scale.
Effects of copper/graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles on Rhipicephalus ticks and their detoxification enzymes
Authors: Senbill Haytham , Gangan Amr , Saeed Ahmed M. , Gad Mohammed E. , Zeb Jehan , Fahmy Alaa
Published: January 2025

Nanopesticides have been recently introduced as novel pesticides to overcome the drawbacks of using traditional synthetic pesticides. The present study evaluated the acaricidal activity of Copper/Graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles against two tick species, Rhipicephalus rutilus and Rhipicephalus turanicus. The Copper/Graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles were synthetized through the solution plasma (SP) method under different conditions. The nanoparticles synthesized at 180 W and 45 min were highly toxic to Rh. rutilus and Rh. turanicus, with 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values of 248.1 and 195.7 mg ml−1, respectively, followed by those which were synthesized at 120 W/30 mins (LC50 = 581.5 and 526.5 mg ml−1), 120 W/15 mins (LC50 = 606.9 and 686.7 mg ml−1), and 100/45 mins (LC50 = 792.9 and 710.7 mg ml−1), after 24 h of application. The enzyme assays revealed that 180 W/45 min treatment significantly inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase (115 ± 0.81 and 123 ± 0.33 U/ mg protein/min) and superoxide dismutase (290 ± 0.18 and 310 ± 0.92 U/ mg protein/min) in Rh. rutilus and Rh. turanicus, respectively, as compared with the negative control. The results also revealed a significantly increased catalase activity (895 ± 0.37 and 870 ± 0.31 U/ mg protein/min) in Rh. rutilus and Rh. turanicus, respectively. The above results indicated that Copper/Graphene oxide core-shell nanoparticles could be a promising alternatives for the management of ticks.
Unveiling the potential of Aspergillus terreus SJP02 for zinc remediation and its driving mechanism
Authors: Shobham  , Bhanot Vishalakshi , Mamta  , Verma Sanjay Kumar , Gupta Suresh , Panwar Jitendra
Published: January 2025

In present study, 15 morphologically different fungi isolated from rhizopheric soils of an industrial area were screened for their Zn2+ removal efficiency from aqueous solution. Isolate depicting highest potential was molecularly identified as Aspergillus terreus SJP02. Effect of various process parameters viz. biosorbent dose, contact time, temperature, agitation rate, pH and initial Zn2+ concentration on the fungal sorption capacity were studied. The biosorbent exhibited maximum Zn2+ sorption capacity of 10.7 ± 0.2 mg g− 1 in 60 min. Desorption studies showed 71.46% Zn2+ recovery rate in 120 min with 0.01 N HNO3, indicating efficient metal recovery for reuse and subsequent reutilization of spent mycosorbents. Acid digestion study suggested adsorption being the primary mechanism accounting for 87% Zn2+removal. It was further confirmed by the FE-SEM and EDX analysis. FTIR analysis suggested involvement of amino, hydroxyl, carbonyl, and phosphate functional groups of fungal cell wall in adsorption. The experimental results were in accordance with the tested isotherm and kinetic models, and suggested the role of physical adsorption for Zn2+ removal. Noteworthy, the present study showed better sorption capacity in considerably shorter equilibration time compared to previous reports and advocate potential utilization of A. terreus SJP02 for bioremediation of Zn2+ contaminated wastewater at industrial scale.
Inhibition of transcriptional regulation of detoxification genes contributes to insecticide resistance management in Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Hu Bo , Deng Yuping , Lu Tao , Ren Miaomiao , Liu Kuitun , Rao Cong , Guo Hailiang , Su Jianya
Published: January 2025

Synthetic insecticides have been widely used for the prevention and control of disease vectors and agricultural pests. However, frequent uses of insecticides have resulted in the development of insecticide resistance in these insect pests. The resistance adversely affects the efficacy of insecticides, and seriously reduces the lifespan of insecticides. Therefore, resistance management requires new strategies to suppress insecticide resistance. Here, we confirm that CncC/Maf are the key regulators of various detoxification genes involved in insecticide resistance in Spodoptera exigua. Then, we develop a cell screening platform to identify the natural compound inhibitors of CncC/Maf and determine that sofalcone can act as a CncC/Maf inhibitor in vitro and in vivo. Bioassay results showed that sofalcone significantly enhanced the toxicity (more than 3-fold) of chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin against S. exigua larvae. Finally, we demonstrate that sofalcone can greatly improve the susceptibility of S. exigua larvae to insecticides by inhibiting the activity of the ROS/CncC-dependent detoxifying enzymes and downregulating the expression levels of detoxification genes. CncC/Maf inhibitors can be used as broad-spectrum synergists to overcome insecticide resistance in pest populations. Altogether, our results demonstrate that reduced expression of detoxification genes resulting from suppression of transcriptional regulation of these genes contributes to controlling insecticide resistance, which provides a very novel and high-efficiency green resistance management strategy.
Hemocompatibility of Blood Purification Materials: Concepts, Mechanisms, and Characterization Techniques
Authors: Ji Haifeng , Yu Kai , Kizhakkedathu Jayachandran N.
Published: January 2025

Since the mid-20th century, the development of different blood therapy modalities has ushered significant interest in blood-contacting materials. However, irrespective of the nature of the materials, whether they are synthetic or natural, most materials generate undesirable interactions with blood components unlike our blood vessels. These blood filtration materials often induce various forms of blood incompatibility, including hemolysis, platelet binding, coagulation, complement activation, and cell adhesion. These adverse reactions can further exacerbate patient outcomes as is evident from clinical studies. Thus, it is crucial to enhance the hemocompatibility of blood-contacting materials, and this effort begins with understanding how blood components interact with blood purification materials. In this chapter, we provide information on how blood-contacting materials can induce protein adsorption, hemolysis, coagulation, immune activation, cell adhesion, and the inter-connectivity between these biological pathways augmenting adverse blood interactions. Finally, we elaborate on the current standard methods used for assessing the hemocompatibility of blood-contacting materials.
Blood Purification Materials for Hybrid Artificial Organs
Authors: Zhao Weifeng , Jin Lunqiang , Zhang Man , Xu Yinghui , Feng Yunbo
Published: January 2025

The design of an artificial basement membrane is one of the central concerns with hybrid artificial organs. An artificial basement membrane should have three functions: (1) the membrane should promote cell adhesion; (2) the semipermeable membrane should prevent cells from penetrating into the membrane but allow wastes/nutrients to pass through the membrane; (3) the membrane should have suitable mechanical properties, especially withstanding high blood pressure. In this chapter, the purpose and history of bioartificial organs, including the bioartificial liver, bioartificial pancreas, bioartificial kidney, and bioartificial lung, are discussed, and the corresponding requirements of the membranes for these bioartificial organs are also considered. The main materials used for these bioartificial organs are summarized. There is an urgent need to combine new imaging techniques (such as NMR spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging) to improve the modeling of treatments, and challenges for the development of bio-hybrid membranes for artificial organs still remain.
In Vivo Evaluation and Application of Adsorbents for Hemoperfusion
Authors: Zhao Weifeng , Wang Yilin , Yu Qiao , Wang Zhoujun , Xu Tao , Yin Shiqi
Published: January 2025

Hemoperfusion is a blood exchange transfusion and it has been one of the most efficient life-saving therapies to remove exogenous or endogenous toxins from the bloodstream in cases of uremia, hyperlipidemia, hyperbilirubinemia, endotoxemia, acute poisoning, etc. In most instances it refers to the extracorporeal blood circulation unit consisting chiefly of adsorbents. As the core aspect of hemoperfusion to achieve the desired therapeutic effect aimed at different states of patients, the adsorbent is expected to possess advantages of adsorption capacity, adsorption selectivity, hemocompatibility, etc. Various adsorbents have been developed for hemoperfusion in recent years. They are based on natural polymers, synthetic polymers, inorganic materials, metal–organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, etc. A series of in vitro experiments have been conducted in studies on the evaluation of the cytotoxicity and blood compatibility of hemoperfusion adsorbents; generally, they covered tests of hemolysis, clotting time, blood routine, etc. Nevertheless, it is impossible to transfer these adsorbents from bench to bedside without conducting in vivo experiments, since most of these in vitro experiments implemented a simplified simulation of human pathology with a lack of complexity in clinical practice. Also, trials on human and non-human primates are confronted with ethical and social issues. Constructing an appropriate animal model can effectively predict the therapeutic success of novel adsorbents in clinical trials by simulating and replicating the physiological environment of the human body. This chapter discusses in vivo assays in animal models for hemoperfusion adsorbents and the artificial liver, and clinical applications of hemoperfusion and the artificial liver are also reviewed.
Polymeric hydrogel integrated paper-based potentiometric ion-sensing device for the determination of sodium ions in human urine
Authors: Teekayupak Kanyapat , Preechakasedkit Pattarachaya , Chuaypen Natthaya , Dissayabutra Thasinas , Lieberzeit Peter A. , Chailapakul Orawon , Ruecha Nipapan , Citterio Daniel
Published: January 2025

A fully inkjet-printed potentiometric sensor integrated with a polymeric hydrogel for the detection of Na+ in urine.
Nickel(ii) complexes with covalently attached quinols rely on ligand-derived redox couples to catalyze superoxide dismutation
Authors: Boothe Robert , Oppelt Julian , Franke Alicja , Moore Jamonica L. , Squarcina Andrea , Zahl Achim , Senft Laura , Kellner Ina , Awalah Akudo L. , Bradford Alisabeth , Obisesan Segun V. , Schwartz Dean D. , Ivanović-Burmazović Ivana , Goldsmith Christian R.
Published: January 2025

Ni(ii) complexes with quinol-containing ligands are efficient catalysts for the degradation of superoxide despite relying on redox couples that are organic, rather than metal-centered. The activities diminish but remain high in phosphate buffer.
Surface treatment of ZnO:Sb microwires to improve their persistent photo-conductance response
Authors: AbualRob K. , Eid A. F. , Zaghal O. F. , Eid K. F.
Published: January 2025

Surface treatment of ZnO:Sb micro-wires by immersion in single IPA droplets gives a huge enhancement in electric resistance.
Facile preparation of multifunctional biomaterials BTO/Ag and their applications in photoelectrochemical sensing, photodegradation and antibacterial activities
Authors: Kexi Zhang , Bingdong Yan , Delun Chen , Xiaohong Wang , Yang Cao , Xuewei Zhang , Wanjun Hao , Jinchun Tu
Published: January 2025

With the progress of modern technology and the diversification of societal demands, traditional materials with single properties can no longer meet the requirements of complex and constantly evolving application scenarios.
CNT encapsulated nickel-doped hollow porous manganese oxide scaffold as a sulfur cathode host for Li–S battery applications
Authors: Nulu Arunakumari , Nulu Venugopal , Kim Hee Cheol , Sohn Keun Yong
Published: January 2025

The novel hollow porous structures of Ni-doped MnO2 encapsulated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) used as an efficient host for a sulfur cathode, which showed excellent electrochemical properties with faster Li+ diffusion properties.
Hierarchical structures of GO-supported BiBTC MOFs for efficient RhB photodegradation
Authors: Nguyen Van Cuong , Nguyen Trinh Duy , Thanh Hoai Ta Qui , Pham Ai Le Hoang
Published: January 2025

A graphene oxide@BiBTC MOF photocatalyst was prepared by in situ using a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared composite was applied in five cycles for RhB with 90% photodegrading efficiency.
Techno-economic assessment of two-stage hydropyrolysis of lignin for BTX production using iron-based catalysts
Authors: Bagnato Giuseppe , Horgan Jamie , Sanna Aimaro
Published: January 2025

Hydropyrolysis of lignin to BTX provides a renewable route for aromatics. Fe catalysts in hydropyrolysis offer efficient deoxygenation, aromatics formation and stability. Techno-economic assessment predicts profitability with optimized bio-oil yield.
Synthesis of base-free boriranes and their conversion to borirenes using strong reductant
Authors: Dotzauer Simon , Kar Sourav , Swoboda Theresa , Weidemann Christoph , Häfner Andreas , Dewhurst Rian D. , Braunschweig Holger
Published: January 2025

The room-temperature reaction of diaminoalkynes and aminodistannylborane afforded boriranes. Destannylation of these boriranes using potassium graphite yielded borirenes, the first examples of conversions of alkanes to alkenes using reducing agents.
Sensitivity and Specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol in Recently Extubated Patients
Authors: Marvin Stevie , Thibeault Susan , Ehlenbach William
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Yale Swallow Protocol (YSP) in detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients.

Method:

One hundred fifty-four participants referred for swallowing evaluation underwent the YSP and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) in random order within 48 hr of extubation. The YSP included orientation questions, an oral motor exam, and a 3-oz water swallow test. Failure was defined as interrupted drinking or immediate cough after drinking. FEES exams were rated using the Penetration Aspiration Scale. Fisher's exact test and
t
test were used to test for association between failure on the YSP and participant factors (sex, age, reason for admission/intubation, duration of intubation, number of intubations, and time post-extubation of exam), aspiration on FEES and participant factors, and a false negative on the YSP and participant factors.

Results:

Fifty-seven percent (88 of 154) failed the YSP. Fifty percent (77 of 154) of participants aspirated on at least one trial during the FEES. Sensitivity of the YSP was 75%, and specificity was 61%. Participants who failed the YSP were older (
M
= 61 years;
p
= .0030). More women failed the YSP than men (
p
= .0007). No patient factors were associated with aspiration on FEES. Participants admitted for respiratory etiologies (pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation) were most likely to have a false negative on the YSP (
p
= .02). False negatives were also more likely in participants with a size ≥ 8 of endotracheal tube (
p
= .03).

Conclusions:

The YSP has suboptimal sensitivity and specificity for detecting aspiration in recently extubated patients. More data are needed on predictors of false negatives in order to improve sensitivity and specificity in this critically ill patient population.
The host galaxies of radio AGN: New views from combining LoTSS and MaNGA observations
Authors: Jin Gaoxiang , Kauffmann Guinevere , Best Philip N. , Shenoy Shravya , Małek Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

The role of radio mode active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback on galaxy evolution is still under debate. In this study we utilized a combination of radio continuum observations and optical integral field spectroscopic (IFS) data to explore the impact of radio AGN on the evolution of their host galaxies at global and subgalactic scales. We constructed a comprehensive radio-IFS sample comprising 5548 galaxies with redshift z < 0.15 by cross-matching the LOFAR Two-Metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) with the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey. We revisited the tight linear radio continuum–star formation relation and quantify its intrinsic scatter, then used the relation to classify 616 radio-excess AGN with excessive radio luminosities over the values expected from their star formation rates. Massive radio AGN host galaxies are predominantly quiescent systems, but the quenching level shows no correlation with the jet luminosity. The mass assembly histories derived from the stellar population synthesis model fitting agree with the cosmological simulations incorporating radio-mode AGN feedback models. We observe that radio AGN hosts grow faster than a control sample of galaxies matched in stellar mass, and the quenching age (∼5 Gyr) is at larger lookback times than the typical radio jet age (< 1 Gyr). By stacking the spectra in different radial bins and comparing results for radio AGN hosts and their controls, we find emission line excess features in the nuclear region of radio AGN hosts. This excess is more prominent in low-luminosity, low-mass, and compact radio AGN. The [N II]/Hα ratios of the excessive emission line indicate that radio AGN or related jets are ionizing the surrounding interstellar medium in the vicinity of the nucleus. Our results support the scenario that the observed present-day radio AGN activity may help their host galaxies maintain quiescence through gas ionization and heating, but it is not responsible for the past quenching of their hosts.
Experimental state-of-the-art before SQM 2024
Authors: Puccio Maximiliano
Published: January 2025

Large conferences like SQM often drive rapid advancements in physics, and this talk was intended to recap the status of the main topics discussed during the event. In these proceedings, the content has been contextualized in light of the discussions and new results presented at SQM 2024.
Experimental overview on light (anti)(hyper)nuclei production at the LHC
Authors: Pinto Chiara
Published: January 2025

For many years, significant efforts at the LHC have been put towards the measurements of the production of (anti)(hyper)nuclei in high-energy hadronic collisions. The ALICE experiment has contributed with measurements in pp, p–Pb, Xe–Xe, and Pb–Pb collisions, at various center-of-mass energies. Recently, also the LHCb experiment has measured the production of nuclei in both collider and fixed-target modes. The highlights of recent experimental measurements are discussed in the context of the production models used to describe the hadronization mechanism.
New insights into strange-quark hadronization measuring multiple (multi-)strange hadron production in small collision systems with ALICE
Authors: Pucillo Sara
Published: January 2025

Among the most important results from the Run-1 and Run-2 of the LHC is the observation of an enhanced production of (multi-)strange to non-strange hadron yields, gradually rising from low-multiplicity to highmultiplicity pp and p–Pb collisions, reaching values close to those measured in peripheral Pb–Pb collisions [1]. The observed behaviour cannot be quantitatively reproduced by any of the available QCD-inspired MC generators. In this contribution an extension of this study is presented: the measurement of the Ks0, Λ, Ξ− and Ω− (together with antiparticles) multiplicity distributions in pp collisions at √s = 5.02 TeV as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity, together with the average probability for the multiplets production, extending the study of strangeness production beyond its average. This novel method, based on counting the number of strange particles event-by-event, represents a new test bench for production mechanisms, probing events with a large imbalance between strange and non-strange content.
A potential approach to the X(3872) thermal behaviour
Authors: Escobedo Miguel A. , Armesto Néstor , Ferreiro Elena G. , López-Pardo Víctor
Published: January 2025

We study the potential of X(3872) at finite temperature in the Born- Oppenheimer approximation under the assumption that it is a tetraquark. We argue that, at large number of colors, it is a good approximation to assume that the potential consists in a real part plus a constant imaginary term. The real part is then computed adapting an approach by Rothkopf and Lafferty and using as input lattice QCD determinations of the potential for hybrids. This model allows us to qualitatively estimate at which temperature range the formation of a heavy tetraquark is possible, and to propose a qualitative picture for the dissociation of the state in a medium. Our approach can be applied to other suggested internal structures for the X(3872) and to other exotic states. This work summarizes the results of [1].
Recent conventional and exotic charmonia results from LHCb
Authors: Kang Youen
Published: January 2025

Quarkonia production in heavy-ion collisions is an important experimental probe that sheds light on the heavy quark interaction with the nuclear medium. The bound quarkonium states undergo dissociation and recombination in PbPb collisions, where they can also experience the initial and final state effects such as shadowing and co-mover breakup. With the large datasets of pp and pPb collisions, and excellent vertexing capabilities allowing separation of the prompt and b-decay components, LHCb performs precise measurements of J/ψ, ψ(2S ) and, for the first time at the LHC, χc production and modification in small collision systems. This contribution will discuss these results, along with the first measurement of the nuclear modification factor of the exotic χc1(3872).
J/ψ photoproduction and polarization in peripheral Pb−Pb collisions with ALICE
Authors: Mallick Dukhishyam
Published: January 2025

Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions generate a powerful electromagnetic field that produces photonuclear reactions. These processes have been extensively studied in ultraperipheral collisions, in which the impact parameter is larger than twice the nuclear radius. Recently, coherent photoproduction of J/ψ has been observed in nucleus–nucleus (A–A) collisions with nuclear overlap, based on the measurement of an excess of production with respect to hadron-production expectations in the very low transverse momentum (pT). Such quarkonium measurements provide valuable information about the nuclear gluon distribution at low Bjorken x and high energy. In addition, they can constrain the theory describing photon-induced reactions in A–A collisions with nuclear overlap, including possible interactions of the measured probes with the formed and fast expanding Quark-Gluon Plasma. In order to confirm the photoproduction origin of the very low pT J/ψ yield excess, polarization measurements represent a suitable observable. It is expected that the produced quarkonium inherits the polarization of the incoming photon because of the s-channel helicity conservation. ALICE can measure inclusive and exclusive quarkonium production down to pT = 0, at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) and midrapidity (|y| < 0.9). In this contribution, new preliminary measurement of the y-differential cross section and the first new polarization analysis at the LHC of coherently photoproduced J/ψ in peripheral Pb–Pb collisions will be presented. These measurements are conducted at forward rapidity in the dimuon decay channel. These results will be discussed together with the recent results on coherent photoproduction as a function of centrality at both mid and forward rapidities. Comparison with models will be shown whenever available.
Measurement of charge-dependent directed flow in STAR Beam Energy Scan (BES-II) Au+Au and U+U collisions
Authors: Taseer Muhammad Farhan
Published: January 2025

We presented the rapidity dependence of directed flow (v1) and its slope (dv1/dy) for π±, K± and P(P¯) in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 7.7 − 19.6 GeV from the Beam Energy Scan Phase-II, as well as in U+U collisions at √sNN = 193 GeV measured by the STAR experiment. The v1 values are reported as a function of rapidity and centrality. Additionally, the dv1/dy and the charge dependent difference, △(dv1/dy), of the three identified particles in U+U collisions is compared to those in Au+Au and isobar (Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr) collisions. These findings offer insights into the initial electromagnetic field as well as baryon transport at various system sizes and beam energies.
Collision Energy Dependence of Hypertriton Production in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC
Authors: Li Xiujun
Published: January 2025

Hypernuclei are bound states of nucleons and at least one hyperon. In particular, the hypertriton Λ3H, a bound state consisting of a proton, neutron and hyperon, is the lightest known hypernucleus. Precise measurements on the energy dependence of Λ3H production will give invaluable information on hypernuclei production mechanisms due to its unique intrinsic properties. The second phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES-II) at RHIC provides a great opportunity to study hypernuclei production. In these proceedings, we present pT-integrated yields (dN/dy) at mid-rapidity, yield ratios and average transverse momentum () of Λ3H as a function of collision energy in Au+Au collisions from √sNN = 3 to 27 GeV. These results are compared with phenomenological model calculations, and physics implications on production mechanism are discussed.
Measurements of Kaon Femtoscopy in Au+Au Collisions at √sNN = 3.0 - 4.5 GeV by the STAR Experiment
Authors: Fan Bijun
Published: January 2025

In these proceedings, we present the measurements of charged K+ − K+ and neutral KS0, - KS0 correlation functions from Au+Au fixed-target collisions at √sNN = 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.9 and 4.5 GeV at STAR. This is the first such systematic measurement of correlation functions involving strangeness in the high baryon density region. The source size values do not exhibit a clear energy dependence, and the transverse mass dependence of source size for kaons does not align with the trend observed for pions. Parameters extracted from UrQMD transport model calculations qualitatively capture the measured values.
Quarkyonic solution to the hyperon puzzle
Authors: Fujimoto Yuki , Kojo Toru , McLerran Larry
Published: January 2025

We show that Quarkyonic Matter can mitigate the hyperon puzzle. The key observation is that the hyperon threshold is shifted to a higher density by a factor of constituent strange quark mass. We illustrate this effect by using the ideal dual Quarkyonic (IdylliQ) model with multiple flavors.
Adaptive backstepping control for electro-hydraulic servo system in extension sleeve press-fitting process of bearing pressing machine
Authors: Chen Hongsheng
Published: January 2025

In the process of extension sleeve press-fitting of the bearing pressing machine, electro-hydraulic servo system of valve-controlled symmetrical cylinder (ESSVSC) is an important and critical control module, and its performance has a significant impact on the working accuracy of such equipment. People have proposed various related control algorithms. However, external disturbances and unmodeled dynamic factors are often inevitable in practical work and may produce significant influences on the performance of the control system. Existing researches on this issue remains to be enriched and the performance of related algorithms still needs further improvement. An adaptive backstepping control algorithm (ABCA) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a mathematical model of the ESSVSC is established which takes into account external disturbances and unmodeled dynamic factors. Secondly, the adaptive backstepping controller is designed by using the backstepping algorithm, and the control law and adaptive parameter estimation law are given. The stability of the control system is also proved. The analysis results of the numerical examples show that the proposed algorithm can effectively suppress the adverse effects of typical external disturbances and unmodeled dynamic factors and maintain good control accuracy. The output displacement error of the proposed algorithm is smaller and the tracking performance is better. The control accuracy of our algorithm is improved by 48.33% and 94.76% compared to BSMCA and PID, respectively, which illustrates the rationality of the established mathematical model and the effectiveness of the algorithm. This work is expected to provide useful reference for improving the control performance during the pressing process of the extension cylinder and the algorithm design of ESSVSC.
The healthcare professionals’ interest in the use of educational escape games in therapeutic adolescents patient education: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Dridi Sarah , Hoegy Delphine
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Therapeutic patient education (TPE) is central for adolescent patients. It allows to improve adherence to care, which is not optimal because patients are facing many cognitive and social changes. Objective: This study explores the healthcare professionals’ (HPs) interest in educational escape games in TPE, particularly for adolescents transitioning to adult care. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews conducted among HPs working in a university hospital who took part in TPE with adolescents. Five topics were discussed: the patient adherence to TPE, consolidation of knowledge, the notion of amusement, well-being, and cooperation between patients. The interviews were audiotaped and analyzed using an inductive approach. Results: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 HPs from different pediatric medical specialties. The educational escape game is an attractive and dynamic tool that could strengthen cooperation between patients. Discussion: By changing the TPE framework, escape games could improve patient motivation, therapeutic adherence, and cooperation, even if logistical challenges persist, necessitating solutions such as distance TPE. Conclusion: The study revealed that the educational escape game is an attractive tool that should be used more often for TPE with adolescent patients. It remains necessary to explore adolescents’ perceptions concerning this tool.
Nonmonotonic field dependences of trapped magnetic flux in Y-HTS: “negative trapping” effect
Authors: Rostami Kh. R. , Sukhanov A. A. , Mantorov V. V.
Published: January 2025

A new type of nonmonotonic field dependences Htr(H) of trapped magnetic field (TMF), which are characterized by the absence of a plateau and a peak and by an extended “negative differential trapping” region in weak magnetic fields (20–50 Oe), is observed. The effect of temperature and transport current on field dependence of TMF is analyzed. A model of interacting superconducting loops is proposed for explaining the observed nonmonotonic dependences Htr(H).
Zeeman effect in NQR of YBa2Cu3O7–x
Authors: Bondar’ A. V. , Fedotov Yu. V.
Published: January 2025

Zeeman effect in 63Cu2 nuclei in YBCO is investigated by the NQR method. It is found that the envelope of the spin echo signal A(τ) in 63Cu2 nuclei exhibits oscillations in a narrow range of magnetic fields. The main features of experimental results for 63Cu2 nuclei can be described on the basis of a simple lattice of Abrikosov vortices. The range of magnetic fields in which A(τ) oscillations are observed strongly depends on the sequence of cooling and magnetization procedures.
Dynamic image forces and tunneling in three-layer systems
Authors: Voĭtenko A. I. , Gabovich A. M. , Rozenbaum V. M.
Published: January 2025

Dynamic image forces in symmetric three-layer M–I–M structures are calculated in the first order of perturbation theory in the nonadiabaticity parameter taking into account the spatial and temporal dispersion in the permittivities of electrodes. It is shown that the coordinate dependence of the energy W(z) of image forces (−l<z<l) for a thin insulating interlayer of thickness 2l≪κ−1, where κ−1 is the electrode screening length, differs drastically from the conventional classical dependences. Namely, the static contribution Wst(z) is a slowly varying function of z, which is equal to –e2κ/2 in the limit κl→0(e is the electron charge). In the same limit, the dynamic correction ΔW(z) to Wst(z) is linear in z and has opposite signs in the vicinity of different electrodes. These regularities lead to simple analytic dependences of tunnel current on the voltage applied to the electrodes, which can be reduced to semiclassical expressions for a triangular (trapezoidal) potential barrier with nontrivial renormalization of the work function and electric field. The applicability of the proposed theory to various experimental situations is considered in detail.
On anomalous low-temperature dependence of electron–phonon relaxation time in thin films deposited on substrates
Authors: Syrkin E. S. , Komnik Yu. F. , Beliaev E. Yu.
Published: January 2025

A mechanism is proposed for explaining a decrease (relative to the theory) in the exponent of the temperature dependence of electron–phonon relaxation frequency in thin metal films deposited on a substrate. The mechanism is based on the assumption that a Love wave with a peculiar (for acoustics) energy–momentum relation ω ∼ q1/2 typical of two-dimensional plasmons in the electron system can propagate in the systems under investigation.
Mo films and Mo/Si superlattices: comparison of superconducting and kinetic parameters
Authors: Fogel N. Ya. , Koretskaya O. A. , Pokhila A. S. , Cherkasova V. G. , Buchstab E. I. , Yulin S. A.
Published: January 2025

The results of comparative measurements of dependences of superconducting and kinetic parameters on the metal layer thickness are reported for Mo films and Mo/Si superlattices in the same thickness range. Quantum size oscillations observed previously on Mo/Si multilayers are absent for single Mo films. A comparison of the data obtained for films and superlattices leads to the conclusion that oscillation effects characteristic of multilayered samples cannot be explained in terms of the conventional quantum size effect. This effect is not observed in single films in view of a strong disorder in Mo layers in which the electron mean free path is much smaller than the film thickness. Size oscillations associated with space quantization of the electron spectrum should not be observed in Mo/Si superlattices either because Mo layers in them are also disordered significantly. An explanation for oscillation effects in superlattices must obviously be sought by taking into account the tunnel properties of semiconducting barriers separating metal layers.
Fluctuons and phasons as states in YBa2Cu3O6.35
Authors: Kukushkin L. S. , Samovarov V. N. , Libin M. Yu. , Fugol’ I. Ya.
Published: January 2025

The possibility of the existence of self-consistent states, viz., fluctuons and phasons, in the electron structure of oxide cuprates of the YBCO type has been substantiated experimentally and theoretically. The role of fluctuons and phasons in the redistribution of normal and photoexcited electrons between the active and basal planes of YBCO near the insulator–metal transition as well as in photometallization of YBa2Cu3O6+x is discussed.
On the theory of equilibrium properties of high-symmetry multisublattice magnetodielectrics in a magnetic field (degeneracy in porous space)
Authors: Stefanovskiĭ E. P.
Published: January 2025

A phenomenological theory of equilibrium magnetic properties of spatially homogeneous multisublattice magnetically ordered systems with an effective axial magnetic anisotropy of the easy plane type in external magnetic fields of various orientations is developed. Considerable attention is paid to orientational phase transitions of the symmetric as well as topological type.
Magnetic structure of reentrant magnets near the spin-glass transition
Authors: Belozorov D. P. , Tarapov S. I.
Published: January 2025

The magnetic structure of reentrant amorphous magnets (Fe–Ni–B–Si system) in the vicinity of the triple point of magnetic phase states (coexistence of ferromagnetic–paramagnetic–spin-glass phases at the critical concentration and temperature) was calculated. The model of independent magnetic clusters (MC) was employed in numerical simulations of the temperature evolution of magnetic resonance absorption line near the ferromagnetic–spin–glass transition. It is shown that results of numerical simulations agree with the magnetoresonance measurement data obtained for reentrant magnets near the spin-glass transition. Experiments were carried out in the temperature range 0.3–150 K and at frequencies of about 75 GHz.
The self-consistent description of collective states of conduction electrons in crystals
Authors: Poluektov Yu. M.
Published: January 2025

A unified approach to the description of superconductivity and magnetic phenomena in metals taking into consideration the symmetry of their crystal lattice is developed on the basis of the Hartree–Fock–Bogolybov (HFB) method. The derived system of self-consistent equations takes into account superconducting correlations of singlet- and triplet-type electrons as well as the magnetic properties of electron liquid. A classification of possible types of solutions of these equations is obtained. It is shown that the equation of the proposed theory can be formulated in the form of relations in the Fermi-liquid theory generalized on account of superconducting correlations; the Fermi-liquid parameters are expressed in terms of the solutions of self-consistent equations as well as the potentials of electron-ion and electron-electron interactions. The symmetry properties of the system of self-consistent equations relative to space group transformations and time inversion are analyzed. Particular solutions describing the superconducting state with singlet pairing and ferromagnetism of collectivized electrons are considered.