bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The State of Perm Cannon Factory by the Beginning of the First World War in the Estimation of Researchers of Domestic Military-Industrial Complex
Authors: Georgy Shumkin
Published: January 2022

In the early twentieth century Perm Cannon Factory played an outstanding role in the military industry of Russia. It was the most powerful enterprise in the state mining industry, the largest enterprise produced artillery shells and the third in manufacturing artillery guns in Russia. Perm Cannon Factory was the only one manufacturing artillery pieces but located at a great distance from the border and so was inaccessible to German troops. At the same time, by the beginning of the war, it turned out to be weaker than its competitors the Obukhov and Putilov plants, and the adoption of the Perm plant reconstruction program was delayed. The purpose of this work is to analyze the opinions expressed by the native researchers about the state of Perm Cannon Factory on the eve of the First World War. The main attention in the article was paid to the fact of explaining by the researchers the unsatisfactory situation of the plant on the eve of the war. The study has been carried out with the use of comparative-historical and problem-chronological methods. It is concluded that in the process of discussing the reasons of the Perm Cannon Factory unpreparedness for the First World War a wide range of opinions, often directly opposite has developed. In fact, the authors who dealt with this issue tried all possible options for its resolution. It is concluded that Perm Cannon Factory, being the part of the state economy, depended primarily on the bureaucracy. And, despite all attempts of private capital (both foreign and domestic) to influence or subdue a competitor, the state of Perm Plant was the result of the policy of the state apparatus - the government, the Ministry of Trade and Industry, the Ministry of War and the Maritime Ministry.
The Work of Educational and Scientific Institutions of St. Petersburg (Petrograd) in the Interests of Military Production during World War I.
Authors: Alexander Shcherba
Published: January 2022

During the First World War which quickly acquired the limits of an unprecedented military confrontation between the largest world powers all Russian resources were mobilized to work in the interests of military production for the first time. Scientific and educational institutions of various levels were involved in this work. In this article it is shown how this process took place in practice by the example of the capital of the Russian Empire, St. Petersburg (Petrograd). The mobilization of science during the First World War is understood as the intensification of research aimed at the development of the defense industry, energy and transport support for its activities, the supply of raw materials and the introduction of new technologies into production in order to provide the front with ammunition, weapons and military equipment and other military products, as well as the development of scientific principles for the organization of industry, agriculture, military medical service and the use of natural resources in wartime. This fully refers to educational institutions. During the war there appeared new forms of organizing the scientific and educational institutions work in the interests of military production. They included military-industrial committees, special meetings, various scientific societies, unions and meetings. Some of them obtained a very extensive and multi-stage structure and showed their effectiveness in a short time. The educational institutions of the city began to be even more actively involved in the sphere of military production. Their best representatives began to participate in research on military topics. Various educational institutions of Petrograd in close cooperation with the laboratories of military factories were increasingly involved in the development of complex technological processes at military production. In addition, the production divisions of various educational institutions of the city received tasks for the manufacturing military products, sometimes of the highest degree of complexity. During the war military orders for many educational institutions of the city became permanent.
Inter-Factory Cooperation during Production of the T-34 Tank at “Krasnoe Sormovo” Plant in 1941: Plans and Reality
Authors: Pavel Pustyrev , Nikita Melnikov
Published: January 2022

The cooperation of “Krasnoe Sormovo” plant with other plants of Gorky region during production of T-34 tank has been considered in the article. In summer of 1941, after beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet leadership began to create a tank industry at the eastern industrial bases of the USSR. The State Defense Committee ordered the creation of a tank production in Gorky region. Machine-building Plant No. 112 (Krasnoe Sormovo) began the assembling of medium tanks. Metallurgical enterprises of Gorky region produced armor for the tanks, Gorky Automobile Plant manufactured engines and other machine-building plants of the region produced various units. The process of organizing tank production at plant No. 112 during the Great Patriotic War is broadly covered in historiography, but the problems of external cooperation of tank construction have been studied poorly. The factories participated in the cooperation during production of T-34 tank have been revealed on the basis of the archival documents of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region and the State SocioPolitical Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region. In the process of studying archival materials, we found that by the end of 1941 the production center for manufacturing T-34 medium tanks was established on the territory of Gorky region. This center consisted of factories of the People's Commissariat of the Tank Industry of the USSR and other factories. In Gorky region cooperative relations were established for the supply of components of the tank. However, the task set in July 1941 to create a completely independent tank production center in the Gorky region turned out to be unrealizable. The search for manufacturers of some of the most important units for the T-34 was completed for a long time. The regional industry was unable to fully provide the tank production of plant No. 112 with armor and engines. All the war years the Sormovsky plant directly depended on the supply of these products from other regions of the USSR.
Comparative assessment of short-term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome without percutaneous coronary intervention based on the GRACE, TIMI, RECORD, PREDICT scales
Authors: Alnaser M. , Sychev I. V. , Pushkina Ya. A. , Goncharova L. N.
Published: January 2022

Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of the short-term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS) without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) based on the Global Registry of Acute Cardiac Events (GRACE), Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), RECORD, PREdicting risk of Death In Cardiac disease Tool (PREDICT) scales and to ident ify the most significant markers of fatal and non-fatal complications.

Material and methods. Eighty-two STE-ACS patients without PCI were examined. Risk assessment was carried out using the GRACE, TIMI, RECORD, and PREDICT scales. Outcomes were assessed 30 days after markers. To assess the predictive value of above scales, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), as well as relative risk with a 95% confidence interval, were calculated.

Results. Comparative analysis of the prognosis of developing fatal complications in STE-ACS patients without PCI revealed the following predictive characteristics of scales: GRAСE — Se=1,000, Sp=0,54, χ2=25,763 (p<0,001); PREDICT — Se=0,281, Sp=0,96, χ2=20,297 (p<0,001); TIMI — Se=0,75, Sp=0,94, χ2=51,985 (p<0,001); RECORD — Se=1,000, Sp=0,48, χ2=21,716 (p<0,001). Regarding the development of non-fatal complications, the following data was obtained: GRACE — Se=0,680, Sp=0,760, χ2=9,970 (p<0,01); PREDICT — Se=0,080, Sp=1,000, χ2=4,167 (р>0,05); TIMI — Se=0,120, Sp=1,000, χ2=8,171 (р<0,05); RECORD — Se=0,680, Sp=0,640, χ2=5,128 (р<0,05). The most significant criteria for developing fatal and non-fatal complications were identified as follows: Killip class II acute heart failure, systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg, age >65 years, stage ≥II A chronic heart failure, ST elevation ≥1 mm at admission, ejection fraction ≤<40%.

Conclusion. A comparative evaluation of the 30-day prognostic significance of short-term scales (GRACE, RECORD, TIMI, PREDICT) in STE-ACS patients without PCI showed an ambiguous prognosis for developing both fatal and non-fatal complications. High sensitivity rates for predicting fatal complications were revealed in the GRACE and RECORD scales (100 and 100%, respectively) relative to the TIMI and PREDICT (75 and 28,1%, respectively), as well as for non-fatal complications in the GRACE and RECORD (68% for both) scales relative to the TIMI and PREDICT (12 and 8%, respectively).
Role of pedagogy and psychology in the development of self­-actualization and value orientations of medical residents
Authors: Plugina M. I. , Maiboroda T. A.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses topical issues of training future health care specialists at different stages of professionalization. Particular attention is paid to the stage of training in residency, when not only the formation and development of the activity professionalism, but also the personality professionalism of the future doctor is carried out.

Important knowledge during training in residency and postgraduate institution is acquired by the need for self-­actualization and value orientations of trainees in the structure of an individual’s professionalism. The work emphasizes that in the preparation of future doctors, the resolution of indicated problem can successfully occur not only under the influence of central medical disciplines for training highly qualified personnel. Today, many researchers focus on the role of humanitarian disciplines, which have a significant impact on the personal and professional aspects of training. In this case, what it involves is the mastering of Pedagogy and Educational Psychology programs.

The study found that the participation of residents in training in two educational humanitarian programs provides favorable transformation of value orientations, reflecting the need for self­-actualization, acceptance of medical practice values, and value attitude to the professionalism of a doctor. The data obtained indicate the need for purposeful use of pedagogy and psychology to improve the professionalism of future doctors during preparation for professional activity.
Ermeni Diasporası ve Ermenistan: Siyasi, Ekonomik ve Dini İlişkiler
Authors: ÖZOCAK Özer
Published: January 2022

Ermeniler, insanlık tarihinin farklı dönemlerinde yaşamakta oldukları yerlerden çeşitli nedenlerle göç ettiler. Yeni yaşam alanlarında, Ermeni kimliğini yaşatma arzuları ile soykırım iddialarını hafızalarda diri tutmak maksadıyla çeşitli heykellerin açılış törenleri, anmalar ve toplantılar düzenlediler. Diaspora Ermenileri diğer unsurları ile Karabağ sorununda olduğu gibi farklı meselelerde siyaseten birlikte hareket ettiler. Ermenistan’ın kalkındırılması, 1988 depremi özelinde afetin yol açtığı yaraların sarılması ve Yukarı Karabağ sorununun Ermenistan’ın arzuladığı biçimde çözülmesi için maddi destekte bulundular. Ermenistan’la dini bakımdan da irtibatlar kurdular. Bu kapsamda çalışmamızda, Diaspora Ermenilerinin Ermenistan ile siyasi, ekonomik ve dini ilişkileri üzerinde durulacaktır.
Ortadoğu Coğrafyasında Deaş: Tarihçesi, Eylemci Profili ve Propaganda Faaliyetleri
Authors: TELTİK Mehmet
Published: January 2022

Terör dünyada toplumsal, siyasi, ekonomik, hatta mekânsal çoklu etkileri olan bir olaydır. Son 10 yılda dünya ve ülkemiz kamuoyunu terör açısından en yakından ilgilendiren gelişme Ortadoğu'da ortaya çıkmış DEAŞ yapılanmasıdır. Çok kısa sayılabilecek bir zaman diliminde, alansal olarak geniş bir coğrafyada hâkimiyet kazanmıştır. Dönem dönem gücü zayıflasa da Ortadoğu coğrafyasındaki etkisi devam etmektedir. DEAŞ'ın eylem ve faaliyetlerine dair farklı bilim dallarından çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada DEAŞ Terör Örgütü'nün ideolojik ve ekonomik yönelimleri incelenmiş tarihi gelişimi, propaganda ve eylem yöntemleri detaylıca ele alınmış ve belli çözümlemelerde bulunulmuştur. Çalışmanın temel amacı örgütün eylemci profilini ortaya çıkarmak ve buna bağlı olarak makro ölçekte örgütü temsil ettiği bilinen Rumiyah, Konstantiniyye ve Dabiq dergileri üzerinden propaganda faaliyetlerini açığa çıkarmaktır. Çalışmada nicel ve nitel yöntemler beraber kullanılmıştır. Özellikle eylemci profilinde Gaziantep Adliyesi'nden alınan veriler referans alınmış ve betimsel olarak çalışmanın amacı kapsamında kullanılmıştır. Dergilerin analizinde ise örgütün propaganda yapısını açığa çıkarmak amacıyla MAXQDA 12 programından faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar göstermiştir ki DEAŞ Terör Örgütü, üyelerini ve sempatizanlarını zinde ve güçlü tutmak amacıyla propagandayı aktif bir şekilde kullanmaktadır. “Allah”, “İslam”, “Müslüman”, “Cihat”, “Şehit”, “Kafir”, “Mürted”, “Hilafet” ve “Tağut”, gibi sözcüklerin dergilerin tamamında propaganda aracı olarak kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel öngörüsü, örgütün Ortadoğu Coğrafyasındaki gücüne paralel şekilde propaganda faaliyetlerinin dönem dönem artıp, dönem dönem azalacağı üzerinedir. Ayrıca Türkiye'nin bahsi geçen dergilerin ilerleyen yıllardaki sayılarında da düşman olarak tanıtılması halinin devam edeceği düşünülmektedir. Bu durum örgüt üyelerinin temel motivasyonunu sağlamada önemli bir yöntem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Tanzimat Dönemi’nde Rüşvet ve Yolsuzluk: Diyarbakır Meclis Üyesi Hacı Şeyh Ağa’nın Davası
Authors: KARSANDIK YAZICI Özlem
Published: January 2022

Osmanlı’nın kuruluş yıllarından itibaren var olan rüşvet ve yolsuzluğa dair Tanzimatla birlikte bir çok düzenleme yapılmıştır. Ancak bu dönemde de rüşvet ve yolsuzlukla ilgili suçlamalar ve bu suçlamalara istinaden yürütülen davalara her kademedeki yönetici kesiminde rastlanmaktadır. Diyarbakır Meclis Azası Hacı Şeyh Ağa’nın usulsüz uygulamaları nedeniyle açılan dava da bunlardan birini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Hacı Şeyh Ağa’nın davası örneğinden hareketle Tanzimat Döneminde rüşvet ve yolsuzluğa dair işleyiş, yolsuzluğa yol açan uygulamalar, bu tür suçlara verilen cezalar değerlendirilmiştir.
White Food Versus Ethnic Food: Contrasting Food Choices and Intergenerational Family Conflicts in David Wong Louie’s The Barbarians are Coming
Authors: AYDIN Elif
Published: January 2022

This study explores the dynamics of the identity construction process in David Wong Louie’s The Barbarians Are Coming (2000) in the light of cultural food theories, focusing specifically on the views of Claude Fischler and Deborah Lupton. The study discusses the contrasting food choices and eating habits of the first and second generation Chinese Americans reporting the intergenerational conflicts born by the adherence to American and/or ethnic dietary regimen and their disruptive effect on the family unit. The article argues that food and foodways of Chinese Americans guard the culturally defined Chinese culinary regime against the workings of white dietary practices, but the interaction with a social variable such as class challenges this reserved attitude towards the white palate. The analysis of the novel demonstrates that once the desire of eating is no more tempered by the natural tendencies of the ethnic culinary culture, the appetite gets personalized through nonconforming food practices based on the changing socio-economic position of the characters.
DE LO MATERIAL E INMATERIAL: EL TESORO DE ALISEDA COMO PARADIGMA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN ARQUEOLÓGICA
Authors: PEREA CAVEDA Alicia
Published: January 2022

Reflexiones autocríticas en torno al concepto de “Tesoro” como objeto de deseo, como hallazgo arqueológico y como objeto de estudio, a lo largo de la historia de la investigación en la península Ibérica.
PODER LOCAL Y CORRUPCIÓN JUDICIAL EN LA EXTREMADURA DEL SIGLO XVI: ALONSO DE MONROY (1583)
Authors: CLEMENTE RAMOS Julián
Published: January 2022

Alonso de Monroy, hijo de Francisco de Monroy y cuñado del conde de Medellín, protagoniza un intento de corrupción judicial con la finalidad de mantener una importante usurpación de tierras limí- trofes al colmenar de su padre. Presiona o hace promesas a testigos y al escribano de Medellín. Asi- mismo, elige para su probanza a un escribano vinculado a su familia que no cumple las condiciones exigidas y que ha tenido una trayectoria llena de irregularidades. La justicia, sin embargo, muestra su capacidad para actuar ante esta situación e impedir que un personaje poderoso en el ámbito local, especialmente por la inacción del conde de Medellín, mediatice su actuación.
DINÁMICA USURPATORIA DE APROVECHAMIENTOS COMUNALES EN CASTILLA FEUDAL (SIGLOS XIII-XIV)
Authors: MIR Lucio B.
Published: January 2022

El desarrollo de la propiedad privada durante el feudalismo se inscribe en una red de problemas interpretativos abordados desde múltiples enfoques disciplinarios y tradiciones teóricas. Este trabajo indaga factores de cambio y de continuidad ligados a la individualización de derechos de propiedad y su correlato en fenómenos estructurales que afectaron a las comunidades aldeanas. Explora la dinámica usurpatoria en diversos territorios de Castilla, los usos preferentes de espacios agro-ganaderos por las elites campesinas y sus implicancias en el afianzamiento de diferenciaciones internas que reconfiguran la base consuetudinaria de esas comunidades. Identifica el perfil de las jerarquías de derechos de uso en las prácticas colectivas del campesinado y sus efectos institucionales en función de formas indivi- dualizadoras de aprovechamientos pastoriles. Interpela procesos contradictorios en el desempeño del poder monárquico respecto a la validez efectiva de las regulaciones socio-jurídicas que regían los pa- trones organizativos del mundo rural, revisando los efectos polarizadores de los accesos privilegiados a montes y herbajes comunales.
LA INFIDELIDAD MATRIMONIAL. DELITOS DE ADULTERIO Y AMANCEBAMIENTO EN EL NORTE DE EXTREMADURA DURANTE LA TRANSICIÓN DE LA EDAD MEDIA A LA MODERNA
Authors: SÁENZ DE HARO Tomás
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo pretende ser un estudio socio-político de los delitos de amancebamiento y adulterio en el territorio de la actual provincia de Cáceres en torno al año 1500. Analizando estos com- portamientos como consecuencia de la inserción en la realidad del momento del modelo matrimonial cristiano, monógamo e indisoluble, y su sanción en función de las exigencias de las nuevas mentalidades y del aparato estatal que eclosionan a raíz de la superación de la crisis bajomedieval.
GİRESUN YÖRESİ VEJETARYEN MUTFAK KÜLTÜRÜ ÜZERİNE HALKBİLİMSEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AVCIOĞLU İlker
Published: January 2022

Dünyanın en zengin mutfak kültürleri arasında yer alan Türk mutfağında, hayvansal gıdalar önemli bir yere sahiptir. Her ne kadar Türk mutfağı denilince ilk akla gelen hayvansal gıdalar olsa da tarihi kaynaklar sebze, meyve ve ot yemeklerinin de Türk mutfağında önemli bir yere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak, Türk mutfağının bu yönü ile ilgili yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Giresun mutfak kültürünün vegan yönü tanıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, 02.10.2017-02.06.2018 tarihleri arasında Giresun ilinde 13 ilçe, 2 belde ve 15 köyde toplam 37 kaynak kişiyle nitel araştırma veri toplama tekniklerinden, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme metodu kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Kaynak kişilerle yapılan görüşmeler kayıt altına alınmış ve metne dönüştürülmüştür. Yöre halkı tarafından genel olarak “ot yemekleri” olarak adlandırılan yemekler tespit edilmiştir. Kaynak kişilerle yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde vejetaryen Giresun mutfağı örnek menüsünü hazırlanmıştır. Örnek menüde; 27 çorba, 25 yemek, 15 dible, 15 kavurma, 11 kızartma, 9 mıhlama, 5 tuzlu, 7 mücver ve 4 yağlaş olmak üzere 9 kategoride toplam 118 adet vejetaryen yemek tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler ilerleyen dönemlerde Türk mutfağında sebze, meyve ve ot yemekleri ile ilgili yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara kaynak olacaktır. Ayrıca, Giresun mutfak kültürünün vegan yönü üzerine gerekli yatırımların ve tanıtımların yapması durumunda, bölgenin ve dolayısıyla da ülkemizin alternatif turizm potansiyeline katkı sağlayacağı kanaatindeyiz.
Library construction for human placenta bulk RNAseq v1
Authors: Lindsay-Hewett Scott
Published: January 2022

This protocol describes the generation of stranded RNA-seq libraries from placenta total RNA. Since RNA quality can be an issue with total RNA isolated from placental tissue, it is advisable to enrich mRNA using a ribodepletion method rather than polyA selection. Prior to ribodepletion, it is especially important to ensure that the input RNA is free of contaminating DNA. This protocol, therefore, begins with DNase treatment of samples, using Ambion's DNA-free DNase Treatment and Removal Reagents. Next, ribodepletion and library construction are performed using the KAPA RNA HyperPrep Kit with RiboErase (HMR). Libraries are indexed with KAPA Unique Dual-Indexed Adapters to enable multiplexed sequencing on an Illumina instrument.
[RETRACTED] Organixx CBD Gummies ReviewsPrice, Shark Tank, For Smoking! Update 2022 v1
Authors: Tank Shark
Published: January 2022

[RETRACTED]

Organixx CBD Gummies helps fix all types of body agony and joint issues and are answerable for speeding up fast relief from discomfort and is likewise a star at lessening aggravation and nerve harm.
Validation of the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ-C), short version, in Colombian adolescents
Authors: Robles-Haydar Claudia A. , Amar-Amar José , Martínez-González Marina B.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. The most widely accepted theoretical and measurement model in personality study is the Big Five Personality Test, designed to measure five traits: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. One of the most commonly used instruments for evaluating personality in children and adolescents is the BFQ-C. However, its applicability may be limited by its length. The short version of the test has shown stability across different cultures but there is no empirical evidence on its psychometric properties to enable it to be used in the Latin American context. Objective. This study seeks to validate the short version of the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-C) in the Colombian population. Method. The questionnaire was administered to 844 adolescents (55% boys and 45% girls) aged between 11 and 16 (M = 13.55 and SD = 2.30). Seven possible models were obtained from a series of exploratory and confirmatory analyses to explain the factorial structure of the test, which were compared with each other to find the model with the best statistical fit. Results. The model with the best absolute fit coincided with the five-factor proposal of the scale, for which empirical evidence is provided for the universality of the Big Five model. The factors showed adequate levels of reliability. Discussion and conclusion. The short version of the BFQ-C has good psychometric properties in adolescents and constitutes a useful instrument for measuring personality in the Latin American context.
Morfo-Anatomia do Fruto, da Semente e Plântula de Abrus precatorius L. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Alves de Souza Paulo Adller , De Araújo Santana Glenda Kely , Maranhão Façanha Wandson , Nazario dos Santos Yohav Yashin , Marques da Silva e Silva Breno
Published: January 2022

Abrus precatarius L., conhecida popularmente por “tento”, pertencente à família Fabaceae, possui sementes ornamentais amplamente usadas na confecção de biojóias. Para a identificação e avaliação em tecnologia de sementes, as informações sobre a morfologia de frutos, sementes e plântulas são escassas para esta espécie. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever morfo-anatomicamente o fruto, a semente e a plântula de A. precatorius. Para a descrição morfo-anatômica, os frutos, as sementes e as plântulas foram avaliados por meio de microscopia estereoscópica e eletrônica de varredura. Segundo as análises, as maiores frequências para o comprimento, largura, espessura, peso e número de sementes/fruto em A.  precatorius. foram entre 1,68 a 2,15cm, 0,71 a 1,30cm, 0,38 a 0,76cm, 0,085 a 0,106g e 3 a 5 sementes/fruto, respectivamente. O fruto de A. precatorius é do tipo legume, seco, deiscente (valvas contorcidas), constricto, pseudo-septado, achatado dorso-ventralmente e oblongo-elíptico,com base obtusa e ápice cuspidado e com placentação lateral ou pariental. As sementes são exalbuminosas, estenospérmicas, subglobosas, bicolores. As plântulas possuem folhas compostas, alternas, e a germinação é epigea-fanerocotiledonar. Neste estudo, foi possível descrever detalhes dos frutos, sementes e plântulas de A. precatorius que irão compor dados sobre a ecologia e sistemática vegetal da espécie.
 
Palavras-chave: Morfologia. Desenvolvimento Pós-Seminal. Germinação. Fabaceae.
 
Abstract
Abrus precatorius L., known as tento, belongs to the family Fabaceae, possess seeds used to make handicrafts. For the forest identification and seeds technology, the information on the biology and therefore for the production of his fruits, seeds and seedlings are incipient. Thus, the aim of this study was the morpho-anatomical description of fruits, seeds and seedling of A. precatorius. For the morpho-anatomical description, the evaluations were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. According to the analyzes, the highest frequenciesforlength, width, thickness, weight and number of seedsA. precatorius. fruit were between 1,68 a 2,15cm, 0,71 a 1,30cm, 0,38 a 0,76cm, 0,085 a 0,106g e 3 a 5 seeds/fruit, respectively. The fruit is dehiscent legume, constrict, pseudo-septate, flattened dorsoventrally, oblong-ellipticall, with cuspidate base and apex, and lateral placentation. The seeds are exalbuminous, setenospermic, subglobous and bicolours. The seedlings have compound leaves, and their germination is phanero-epigeal.In this study, it was possible to describe details of the fruits, seeds and seedlings of A. precatorius that will compose data on the ecology and plant systematics of the species.
 
Keywords: Morphology. Post-Seminal Development. Germination. Fabaceae.
Cloroquina e Hidroxicloroquina: Seus Efeitos no Tratamento da COVID-19
Authors: Fiorotto de Mattos Arthur
Published: January 2022

O Mundo enfrenta, atualmente, uma Pandemia causada por um novo vírus de RNA envelopado, pertencente à família Coronaviridae. A cloroquina e a hidroxicloroquina, que são amplamente utilizadas para tratar malária e doenças reumáticas, foram relacionadas com a COVID-19, supondo-se que esses fármacos, em função de sua atividade anti-inflamatória e anti-viral, pudessem ter alguma efetividade contra o vírus causador da COVID-19, chamado de SARS-CoV 2. Objetiva-se encontrar um consenso sobre a real eficácia da cloroquina e da hidroxicloroquina no combate à COVID-19, ajudando a dar um fim nessa polêmica. Este artigo foi elaborado a partir de uma revisão da literatura utilizando as bases de dados da revista Nature, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), e as bases de dados Scielo e PubMed. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram “chloroquine”, “hydroxychloroquine” e “COVID-19”. Foram encontrados, somando-se todas as bases de dados, 461 artigos. Os títulos dos 461 artigos foram lidos e, entre esses, 103 se encaixavam no tema proposto. Os resumos dos 103 artigos foram analisados, selecionando 26 que abordavam diretamente o tema e que foram utilizados para elaborar o presente artigo. O uso da cloroquina e da hidroxicloroquina não foi relacionado com qualquer tipo de melhora nos casos de COVID-19. Portanto, não existem motivos para recomendar o uso desses medicamentos fora de estudos clínicos no contexto da Pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV 2.
 
Palavras-chave: Cloroquina. Hidroxicloroquina. COVID-19. Eficácia.
 
Abstract
The world is currently facing a pandemic caused by a new enveloped RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, which are widely used to treat malaria and rheumatic diseases, have been associated with COVID-19, supposing that these drugs, due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activity, may have some effectiveness against the virus that causes COVID-19, called SARS-CoV 2. The objective is to find a consensus on the real efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against COVID-19 and put an end in this controversy. This article was prepared based on a literature review that used as a database the journals Nature, The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), Scielo and PubMed. The keywords used were "chloroquine", "hydroxychloroquine" and "COVID-19". 461 articles were found, adding all the selected databases. The title of the 461 articles was read and, among them, 103 fit the proposed theme. The summary of the 103 articles was analyzed and 26 articles, that directly addresses the topic, were used to write this article. The use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine was not related to a better outcome of COVID-19 cases. Therefore, there is no reason to recommend the use of these drugs out of clinical trials in the SARS-CoV 2 pandemic context.
 
Keywords: Chloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine. COVID-19. Efficacy.
Morphometry and Reproductive Seasonality of the Exotic Species of Prawn Macrobrachium Rosenbergii on the Mosqueiro Island Belém-PA
Authors: Cunha Gemaque Tainára , Rodrigues da Silva Sérgio , Resende de Oliveira Giovanni , Yoshiharu Ishikawa Walther , Correia Anderson , Pereira da Costa Daniel
Published: January 2022

A Amazônia Brasileira é considerada um dos ambientes mais ricos em diversidade biológica do planeta, abriga uma fauna diversificada que consiste não somente de espécies nativas, mas também algumas exóticas, como o camarão gigante da Malásia (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). O objetivo deste estudo foi a obtenção de informações sobre o seu desenvolvimento, período reprodutivo, fecundidade, e qual a melhor época de captura na região da Ilha do Mosqueiro, distrito de Belém-PA, Brasil. Para isto, foram realizadas coletas mensalmente a partir de março de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014, utilizando-se o apetrecho de pesca conhecida como tarrafa. 189 indivíduos foram capturados, sendo identificadas três espécies de crustáceos e duas espécies de peixes. O camarão M. rosenbergii obteve um percentual de 64% de captura (n = 121), dos quais 64 eram do sexo masculino e 57 do sexo feminino. As fêmeas ovígeras foram mais abundantes em março de 2013 e janeiro de 2014. Durante o estudo, foi visto que a pesca do camarão M. rosenbergii geralmente é feita com auxílio de tarrafa, ao contrário do que ocorre com outras espécies na região. Foi verificado que a espécie se adaptou bem à região Amazônica, com uma população bem estabelecida.
 
Palavras-chave: Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Amazônia. Fêmeas Ovígeras.
 
Abstract
The Brazilian Amazon is one of the richest environments of the planet regarding biological diversity, home to a diverse fauna consisting of not only native species, but also exotic ones, such as the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The aim of this study was to investigate aspects on development, reproductive period, fecundity and the best fishing season of M. rosenbergii in the region of Mosqueiro Island, Belém district, Pará state, Brazil. For this study, the specimens were monthly captured from March 2013 to February 2014, using a casting net. A number of 189 animals were captured, three crustacean species and two species of fish. The M. rosenbergii account for a percentage of 64% of total capture (n = 121), 64 males and 57 females. Egg-bearing females were more commonly found from March 2013 to January 2014. During the study, it was found that fishing of the prawn M. rosenbergii is usually made with casting net, unlike other species in the region. It was also observed that the species is well adapted to the Amazon region, with an established reproductive population.
 
Keywords: Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Amazon. Ovigerous Females
Associação de Terapias Fisioterapêuticas e Odontológicas no Tratamento de Disfunção Temporomandibular: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Mathyas Domingos da Silva Jadson , Manuel Borges Sousa Darllon , Maysa dos Santos Palmeira Joyce , Letícia Tibério Silva Maria , Lucilla Santos de Araújo Thayná , Josué Raposo Mariana
Published: January 2022

O tratamento das desordens temporomandibulares necessita ser multidisciplinar por envolver um conjunto de sinais e sintomas complexos, de forma a buscar a melhora do quadro limitante e doloroso do portador. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a literatura a respeito da eficácia da integração da fisioterapia e odontologia nos tratamentos das disfunções temporomandibulares. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura na qual foram usados os descritores: “fisioterapia”, “odontologia” e “transtornos da articulação temporomandibular”, na base de dados: National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e na biblioteca Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Incluíram-se artigos publicados na íntegra entre os anos 2010 e 2020. Foram analisados 21 artigos e estes apresentaram que abordagens fisioterapêuticas como terapia manual, estabilização mandibular, acupuntura, laser de baixa potência, agulhamento a seco, TENS e manipulação cervical associadas aos tratamentos odontológicos como uso de placas oclusais e farmacoterapia são eficazes e potencializam o tratamento dessa patologia. A integração de terapias odontológicas e fisioterapêuticas potencializam o tratamento da disfunção temporomandibular. Assim, torna-se indispensável a avaliação conjunta ao indivíduo portador da patologia por essas duas especialidades.
 
Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Odontologia. Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular.
 
Abstract
The temporomandibular disorders treatment needs to be multidisciplinary as it involves a complex set of signs and symptoms, in order to seek improvement in the patient's limiting and painful condition. The aim of the present study was to analyze the literature regarding the effectiveness of integrating physiotherapy and dentistry in the temporomandibular disorders treatment . This is an integrative literature review using the descriptors "physiotherapy", "dentistry" and " temporomandibular joint disorders " in the National Library of Medicine database (PubMed) and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online library (SciELO). Articles published in full between the years 2010 and 2020 were included. 21 articles were analyzed and they showed that physiotherapeutic approaches such as manual therapy, mandibular stabilization, acupuncture, low-power laser, dry needling, TENS and cervical manipulation associated with dental treatments as the use of occlusal plaques and pharmacotherapy are effective and enhance the treatment of this pathology. The integration of dental and physical therapy therapies enhances the  temporomandibular disorders treatment. Thus, it becomes essential to jointly assess the individual with the pathology for these two specialties.
 
Keywords: Physiotherapy Modalities. Dentistry. Temporomandibular Joint Disorder.
Da Proclamação da República e dos Vícios de Origem da Federação Brasileira à Luz da Teoria Contratualista do Estado
Authors: Borba Diego Apellaniz
Published: January 2022

Resumo O presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar os vícios de origem da federação brasileira à luz da teoria contratualista de justificação do Estado. Para tanto, como fonte primária, é utilizado o Decreto n.1, outorgado no ano de 1889 por Deodoro da Fonseca e que se constitui na primeira legislação em solo pátrio a apresentar a forma federativa de Estado. O embasamento teórico parte dos conceitos de filósofos contratualistas – como John Locke e Montesquieu. Também são utilizadas obras relativas à Teoria Geral do Estado e de Direito Constitucional, para uma análise conceitual-filosófica na compreensão de formação do Estado Federativo em geral. Ainda, é utilizada a historiografia pertinente ao tema, para uma melhor contextualização histórica da transição do Brasil Imperial para o Brasil como uma dita República Federativa por ocasião da outorga do Decreto n.1 do ano de 1889. Diante de tais fontes e conteúdos, de modo explicativo e exploratório, a metodologia qualitativa relativa à análise de documentos e textos é aplicada de modo interdisciplinar e em conjunto com os elementos de interpretação jurídica e política da legislação objeto de estudo, para responder à problemática: à luz da teoria contratualista de justificação do Estado vigente à época, é possível reconhecer algum vício de origem na federação estabelecida pela legislação analisada?
Palavras-chave: Federalismo. Contratualismo. Proclamação da República. Brasil
AbstractThe present study demand to identify the vices of origin of the Brazilian federation in the light of tha contractualist theory of state justification. For this purpose, as a primary source, Decree n.1 promulgated in the year 1889 by Deodoro a Fonseca and the first legislation on homeland to present the federative form of state. The theoretical basis is the contractual concepts of contractualist philosophers – such as John Locke and Montesquieu. Likewise, works of General Theory of State and Constitucional Law are used to analyse philosophical concepts of the formation of Federative form os State. Also, the historiography pertinent to the subject is used for better historical contextualization of transition frim Imperial Brazil to a kind of Federative Republic at the time of the proclamation of Decree n.1 at year of 1889. Before such sources and contents, in an explanatory and exploratory way, the qualitative methodology related to the analysis of documents and texts is applied in an interdisciplinary way and together with the elements of legal and political interpretation of the legislation under study, to answer the problem: in the light of the contractual theory of justification of the State current at the time, is it possible to recognize some vice of origin in the legal federation by the analyzed legislation (Decree n.1 of 1889)?
Keywords: Federalism. Contratualism. Republic Proclamation. Brazil
A decade study of the incidence and clinical analysis of ectopic pregnancy at a tertiary hospital in Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu Jemima A. , Agulanna Ambrose E. , Okafor Izuchukwu A. , Nwakanma Agnes A. , Osuji Blessing C. O.
Published: January 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP), a condition where a fertilized egg grows outside a woman’s uterus, is a fertility- and life-threatening gynecological condition. This study aimed at determining the incidence of EP, clinical presentation, gestational age at presentation, risk factors and treatment modalities.Methods: This study was conducted at St. Charles Borromeo specialist hospital, Onitsha, Nigeria (January 2009 to December 2018). Information were obtained from the hospital’s medical records as retrieved from various wards. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS, version 23, then presented as percentage in tables and figure.Results: Out of 13,402 pregnancies recorded in this study, 119 were EPs giving an incidence of 0.89%. 105 case notes were included in this study since they met the inclusion criteria. Majority of the women belonged to the age group of 26-30 years. Patients with EP presented more between 7-8 weeks of gestational age (40%), though 7.6% were unsure of their last menstrual period. 80 EP cases (76.2%) were ruptured while 25 (23.8%) were unruptured. The ectopic gestation occurred most at the ampulla (51.4%) and more at the right side (66.6%) than the left (33.4%). Pelvic inflammatory disease (30.4%) followed by prior abortion (20.0%) were major predisposing risk factors. The most common clinical presentations were abdominal pain (92.38%), amenorrhea (57.14%) and vaginal bleeding (51.42%). 85.7% had salpingectomy, 9.5% were medically managed.Conclusions: EP remains a major gynecological emergency. Diagnosis before rupture could offer an opportunity for a successful medical management, thereby; minimizing morbidity and mortality.
Contraceptive self-injection knowledge, attitude and practices among female students of a tertiary health institution in south west Nigeria
Authors: Idowu Ajibola , Osinusi Emmanuel , Awubite Loliya Esther , Obisesan Ismat Olanrewaju
Published: January 2022

Background: Contraception is one of the key strategies to achieving sustainable developments but access has been low among youths in developing countries. It is thus imperative to contextually understand the uptake of one of the newly developed contraceptive methods among undergraduate Nigerian students.  This study assessed knowledge, attitude and practices of students in Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso on contraceptive self-injection (DMPA-SC).Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was employed among 167 consenting students who were recruited using stratified sampling method. Validated semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out.Results: Mean age (SD) of the respondents was 21.9±2.2. More than a quarter (32.0%) of the respondents were not aware of contraceptive self-injection. Attitude to contraceptive self-injection was positive in 91% of those who were aware of it. However, just 2.4% of the contraceptive users ever used contraceptive self-injection. Cost considerations (25%), fear of side effects (17%), feeling of being not at risk of pregnancy (33.3%) and lack of awareness (25%) were the major barriers to uptakes of contraceptive self-injection among our respondents. Almost three-quarter (71.0%) of the respondents had good knowledge of self-injection contraception. Age, (AOR=5.038, 95% CI=1.846-1.274) and attitude (AOR=3.286, 96% CI=2.253-4.794) were the determinants of good knowledge on contraceptive self-injection.Conclusions: In spite of the predominant positive attitude and good knowledge on contraceptive self-injection, uptake was low in the study population. Authors recommend increased awareness campaign regarding this method of contraception among health-related students who can be vanguards of information dissemination on the product.
Acceptability of contraceptive implants at the maternity ward of the Matam Communal Medical Center
Authors: Ibrahima Conté , Momo Soumah Aboubacar Fodé , Alpha Diallo Boubacar , Sory Sow Ibrahima , Aminata Camara , Abdourahamane Diallo , Telly Sy , Namory Keita
Published: January 2022

Background: World Health Organization (WHO), defines contraception as "the use of agents, devices, methods or procedures to decrease the likelihood of conception or avoid it". In Africa, only 24% of women of childbearing age have access to a modern contraceptive method. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of use of the contraceptive implant, to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the users, to identify the reasons for the choice of the method and to assess the degree of satisfaction of the clients.Methods: The study was conducted at the Matam Communal Medical Center on level 2 of the health pyramid in Guinea. This was a 12-month cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study (June 2017 to May 2018), including all women admitted for desire for contraception and who agreed to choose the implant as a contraceptive method.Results: The study involved 512 clients. The proportion of female users was 26.21%. The average age was 27.8 years, the main users were women of liberal trade, married, multiparous. The main reasons for choice cited by clients were the effectiveness and long duration of action of the method, i.e. 35.2% and 30.9% respectively. The majority of providers of the method were represented by midwives (73.3%) and the degree of client satisfaction with the method was 97%.Conclusions: The implant is a long-acting method of contraction. It is frequently used at the Communal Medical Center of Matam. Its efficient use would involve effective counselling.
A study to evaluate the knowledge of postnatal care among accredited social health activist workers in North Indian rural area
Authors: . Anuradha , . Harleen , Singh Tarini , Maji Debkalyan
Published: January 2022

Background: ASHA (accredited social health activist) are the grass root level workers. Hence it is essential to study if they have adequate knowledge for delivering maternal health care services to community. The aim was to evaluate the knowledge of postnatal care among ASHA workers in North Indian rural area.Methods: This study was conducted at Basohli block of Kathua district from December 2019 to December 2020. Information was collected from ASHAs by interview technique.Results: 83.70% of ASHAs believed that colostrum should be given to newborn. 88.04% agreed for exclusive breast feeding for 6 months. 61.96% were in favor of more than 3 postnatal visits within 42 days of delivery. Many of them were aware of dangerous sign of postnatal mother and newborn. They were ignorant of postnatal exercises. All the ASHA were aware of purpose of immunization but only 21 knew the immunization schedule completely. All were aware of most of the available family planning methods that can be used by postnatal women.Conclusions: It is evident from the present study that ASHA workers have good knowledge of maximum aspects of postnatal care. Further training of the ASHA should be skill based and efforts should be made to remove the obstacles they are facing.
Relationship between perineal body length and the occurrence of perineal lacerations in low risk primigravidae: a prospective observational study
Authors: Ganiga Pradeep , Sharma Ritu A. , Pitty Nikita
Published: January 2022

Background: Birth canal lacerations include the injuries to cervix, vagina or perineum. Those of the perineum often follow vaginal delivery, and most are first-and second-degree lacerations. Third- and fourth- degree lacerations are considered Obstetrical anal sphincter injuries (OASIS), and their combined incidence varies from 0.5-5%. Risk factors for these more complex perineal injuries have been studied. One important risk factor includes the length of the perineal body which plays an important role in determining the degree of perineal tears. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between perineal body length and other characteristics, and occurrence of perineal lacerations during delivery in low risk primigravidae in an institution which advocates routine episiotomy for primigravidae.Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at AJ Institute of medical sciences among primigravidae who met the selection criteria and delivered between September 2021 and November 2021. A total of 80 women were recruited in this study. In this study, we measured the perineal body length at rest, while the patient was in a dorsal lithotomy position during 1st stage of labor, after delivery the new born’s weight and head circumference were noted. The duration of second stage was noted. These parameters were studied in relation to the occurrence of perineal lacerations and the data was analysed.Results: In the present study it was noted that 10 participants (12.50%) had 3rd degree perineal tears and none had 4th degree perineal tears. With the perineal body length cut off of 3 cm, the sensitivity to predict 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears were found to be 80%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 53.33% and a negative predictive value of 96.92%. The study concluded that a shorter perineal body length, was associated with the occurrence of a 3rd or 4th degree tear, p value of less than 0.00001. The study also showed increased incidence of higher degree perineal tears with higher birth weight and head circumference of the newborn with p value of 0.015 and 0.02 respectively.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Perineal body length of less than 3 cm, higher birth weight and head circumference is associated with an increased incidence of higher order perineal tears. Perineal body length hence has a good ability to predict the occurrence of perineal tears.