bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zwolnienia z podatku od nieruchomości wprowadzane
uchwałami rad gmin na podstawie przepisów covidowych
– problemy na tle regulacji konstytucyjnych oraz
działalności nadzorczej regionalnych izb obrachunkowych
Authors: Piechota-Oloś Ewa
Published: November 2021

W artykule poruszono problematykę zwolnień z podatku od nieruchomości stanowionych przez rady gmin. W
wyniku zaistniałego stanu epidemii uchwalono przepisy nadające tym organom uprawnienie do wprowadzenia, w
drodze stosownej uchwały, zwolnień z powyższego podatku. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest charakterystyka
wspomnianej regulacji oraz wynikłych z jej obowiązywania problemów interpretacyjnych. Ustawodawca, aby
określić podmioty, które mogą skorzystać ze zwolnienia, posługuje się pojęciami nieostrymi. Kwestią budzącą
wątpliwości jest również możliwość ustanowienia zwolnienia za okres, który już minął. Kolejnym zagadnieniem
poruszonym w opracowaniu jest ocena dopuszczalności wprowadzonego zwolnienia w zestawieniu z regulacjami
konstytucyjnymi. W treści artykułu dokonano analizy praktycznej rozstrzygnięć zapadłych w ramach działalności
nadzorczej regionalnych izb obrachunkowych. Niniejsze opracowanie może być przydatne dla podmiotów, które
rozważają wprowadzenie zwolnienia, a także może stanowić podstawę do obrania kierunku przy kolejnej nowelizacji omawianego przepisu.
Porównanie wybranych uproszczonych form
opodatkowania działalności gospodarczej podatkiem
dochodowym od osób fizycznych w Polsce i Rosji –
postulaty de lege ferenda
Authors: Litwinow Jerzy
Published: November 2021

Celem badań jest porównanie wybranych uproszczonych form opodatkowania działalności gospodarczej podatkiem dochodowym od osób fizycznych w Polsce i Rosji. W artykule skupiono się głównie na sposobach opodatkowania osób samozatrudnionych i wykonujących rzeczywistą działalność niebędącą ukrytą formą stosunku
pracy lub mu podobnych.
W tej pracy przedstawiono nowoczesne sposoby opodatkowania zarówno nowych zawodów powstałych wraz z
cyfryzacją życia społecznego, jak i tradycyjnych profesji na przykładzie rosyjskich rozwiązań legislacyjnych.
Polskie regulacje dotyczące opodatkowania osób samozatrudnionych w porównaniu z rosyjskimi regulacjami
znajdującymi się w Kodeksie podatkowym są przestarzałe, zbiurokratyzowane i zaniedbane przez ustawodawcę.
Testing the Homogeneity of “White”
Authors: Edgar Heather , Ousley Stephen
Published: November 2021

The purpose of estimating each part of the biological profile is to reduce the number of missing persons for comparison with unknown human remains. To serve this purpose each part must: 1) derive from information garnered from the remains, and 2) provide information that missing person’s community will generally agree describes them. Observer and statistical error, sampling error, and the disconnect between biological and social categories are all associated with each step of estimation, and can render aspects of the biological profile useless, or even harmful, to the ultimate goal of identification. Here, we examine patterns of phenetic variation within a group usually treated as homogeneous, European-descended populations in the United States and Australia, usually described as “White” (n = 365). We analyzed dental morphological data for biological distances and using several classification techniques. We find that structure exists among these groups. Accuracy of classification of individuals from contemporary Tennessee approaches forensic significance, compared to samples from New York, Ohio, and Australia. These results point out that researchers commonly seek structured variation among some populations but not others. We examine this point, and make recommendations to the field to change our approach to the estimation of population affinity so that it reflects the biological variation associated with social meaning relevant in local communities. Additionally, our approach to population affinity should be iterative, reflecting cultural changes over time, and reflexive, aware and responding to our own biases.
Die Gemeinde als Unternehmer
Authors: Gaß Andreas , Popp Josef
Published: November 2021

Die unternehmerische Tätigkeit von Städten und Gemeinden ist vielfältig.

Sie reicht von der Versorgung der Bevölkerung mit Trinkwasser und Energie, der Entsorgung von Abwasser und Abfällen, über die Betriebe des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs, bis hin zu Einrichtungen wie beispielsweise Bauhöfen, Schulen, Kindergärten, Bibliotheken, Schwimmbädern, Krankenhäusern, Theater und Museen, Friedhöfen, Stadt- und Gemeindehallen oder Tierkörperbeseitigungsanlagen. Die Liste ließe sich fortsetzen. Für diese Einrichtungen bzw. Unternehmen stehen den Kommunen zahlreiche mögliche Rechtsformen zur Verfügung. Doch welche ist die richtige Rechtsform für die konkret zu erfüllende Aufgabe? Welche Kriterien sind hier maßgeblich? Welche rechtlichen Vorgaben sind zu beachten? Wie viel Einfluss kann und soll die Gemeinde auf ihr Unternehmen ausüben? Wie steht es um Rechte und Pflichten gemeindlicher Vertreter in den Unternehmensorganen? Welche Rolle spielen vergabe-, steuer- und beihilferechtliche Regelungen?

Mit diesem Buch wollen die Autoren eine Hilfestellung für Bürgermeisterinen und Bürgermeister, Gemeinde- und Stadträte, Mitglieder der Organe kommunaler Unternehmen sowie für mit der Rechtsmaterie befasste Verwaltungen zu diesen Entscheidungsprozessen und Fragestellungen geben. Dabei wurde versucht, das Gemeindewirtschaftsrecht möglichst praxisnah auch für diejenigen Leserinnen und Leser darzustellen, die sich nicht alltäglich mit diesem Thema beschäftigen.

Dr. Andreas Gaß ist Direktor beim Bayerischen Gemeindetag. Josef Popp, Dipl. Finanzw. (FH), ist seit vielen Jahren Gemeinderat und Steuerberater in eigener Kanzlei, die schwerpunktmäßig kommunale Unternehmen betreut.
Heat Exchanger Design and Optimization
Authors: Kharaji Shahin
Published: November 2021

A heat exchanger is a unit operation used to transfer heat between two or more fluids at different temperatures. There are many different types of heat exchangers that are categorized based on different criteria, such as construction, flow arrangement, heat transfer mechanism, etc. Heat exchangers are optimized based on their applications. The most common criteria for optimization of heat exchangers are the minimum initial cost, minimum operation cost, maximum effectiveness, minimum pressure drop, minimum heat transfer area, minimum weight, or material. Using the data modeling, the optimization of a heat exchanger can be transformed into a constrained optimization problem and then solved by modern optimization algorithms. In this chapter, the thermal design and optimization of shell and tube heat exchangers are presented.
Mechanisms of Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis, Cargo Loading, and Release
Authors: A. Alli Abdel
Published: November 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are carriers of various biomolecules including bioactive enzymes, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. EVs are classified into three main types based on their size, biogenesis, and cargo. Exosomes originate from endosomal membranes and are the smallest type of EV. Microvesicles (MVs) or microparticles are larger in size, and like apoptotic bodies which represent the largest type of EVs, both of these vesicles originate from outward budding of the plasma membrane. As discussed in this chapter, cargo loading of EVs and their release into the extracellular space where they can be taken up by neighboring or distant cells plays an important role in physiology and pathophysiology. This chapter will outline specific mechanisms involved in the loading and enrichment of miRNAs, proteins, and lipids within EVs. As explained here, various external and biological stimuli play a role in EV release. Finally, recent studies have shown that the biogenesis, cargo loading, and release of EVs are governed by circadian rhythms. Although EVs were once thought to serve as garbage disposals of cells, the numerous roles they serve in physiology and pathophysiology are now being appreciated.
Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Chromatography toward Separation and Identification of Organic Mixtures
Authors: Bouziani Asmae , Yahya Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Mass spectrometers can provide information about molecular composition and chemical structure. However, with complex mixtures, superpositions and even suppression of signals may occur. On the other hand, Chromatography is an ideal technique for separating complexes but is often insufficient for compound identification. Hence, coupling both techniques in order to eliminate the limitations of each technique makes perfect sense. In this contribution, a brief description of mass spectrometry coupled with chromatography in the gas and liquid phase will be discussed to explain the advantages of coupling the two methods. The ionization techniques are also reported and followed by application areas of these techniques. Finally, the recording and treatment of the results are reviewed.
Sustainable Water Flows in Era of Climate Change
Authors: Pandey Deepika
Published: November 2021

The flow of water in rivers is of paramount importance to maintain supply of food and energy requirements to a great extent. The minimum flow in perennial rivers is subjected to groundwater availability, it is further replenished by the water added through precipitation. Climate change not only increases the melting of glaciers and sea level rise, but also influences the surface water flow and quality. As agriculture is directly affected by changing precipitation pattern, the reduction in water resources and untimely addition of water, both act havoc to the food production process. This interconnection makes agriculture even more vulnerable to the scenarios of global warming and climate change. Studies on food-energy-water nexus has opened new avenues of research in sustainable water management. The role of sustainable flow of water in rivers is highlighted which needs to be understood in era of climate change.
Salt and Water Stress Responses in Plants
Authors: Irina Cordea Mirela , Borsai Orsolya
Published: November 2021

Climate change-driven ecological disturbances have a great impact on freshwater availability which hampers agricultural production. Currently, drought and salinity are the two major abiotic stress factors responsible for the reduction of crop yields worldwide. Increasing soil salt concentration decreases plant water uptake leading to an apparent water limitation and later to the accumulation of toxic ions in various plant organs which negatively affect plant growth. Plants are autotrophic organisms that function with simple inorganic molecules, but the underlying pathways of defense mechanisms are much more complex and harder to unravel. However, the most promising strategy to achieve sustainable agriculture and to meet the future global food demand, is the enhancement of crop stress tolerance through traditional breeding techniques and genetic engineering. Therefore, it is very important to better understand the tolerance mechanisms of the plants, including signaling pathways, biochemical and physiological responses. Although, these mechanisms are based on a well-defined set of basic responses, they can vary among different plant species.
Evaluación de la calidad de vida en Esclerosis Múltiple a través del MSQOL-54 y su relación con la salud de la persona
Authors: Martínez-Espejo María Dolores , Limiñana-Gras Rosa María , Patró-Hernández Rosa María , Meca Lallana José Eustasio , Aznar Robles Encarnación , Márquez Rebollo María del Carmen
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en personas con Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) mediante el cuestionario MSQOL-54 y analizar su relación con la salud de las personas cuidadoras principales a través del cuestionario GHQ-12 y un cuestionario de salud física autopercibida. Metodología: Se evaluó a 115 personas con diagnóstico de EM y a 79 personas cuidadoras principales. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos señalan la significativa afectación de la CVRS de las personas con EM y su relación con la salud de las personas cuidadoras principales. Se encontraron relaciones significativas entre la salud física y mental de la persona con EM y un mayor número de enfermedades, peor salud mental y menor autopercepción de salud en la persona cuidadora. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos señalan la significativa afectación de la CVRS de las personas con EM y su relación directa con la salud de las personas cuidadoras principales.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) through the MSQOL-54 questionnaire and to analyse its relationship with the health of primary caregivers through the GHQ-12 questionnaire and a questionnaire on self-perceived physical health. Materials and Methods: A total of 115 subjects diagnosed with MS and 79 primary caregivers were evaluated. Results: The results obtained show the significance of effects on HRQoL of patients with MS and its relationship to the health of primary caregivers. Significant relationships were found between the physical and mental health of the person with MS and an increased number of illnesses, poorer mental health and lower self-perception of health in the caregiver. Conclusions: The results obtained point to the significant impairment of the HRQoL of people with MS, and its direct relationship with the health of primary caregivers.
ESTIMATING THE RELIABILITY OF CONDITION-BASED MAINTENANCE DATA USING CONTEXTUAL MACHINE-SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: de Meyer Jasper , Goosen Pieter , van Rensburg Johann , du Plessis Johan , van Laar Jean
Published: November 2021

In the mining industry, inter-connected machinery operates under harsh conditions 24 hours a day. Naturally, this degrades their state, and can lead to premature breakdowns and production losses. Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is a strategy that plans maintenance schedules depending on the condition of the equipment, and aims to improve decision-making processes. Data collected from machinery for CBM purposes must be reliable to avoid negative impacts on the maintenance strategy. Data reliability can be estimated by comparing multiple data streams; however, they are not always available, and can be expensive. This study aims to estimate the isolated and contextual reliability of single-source CBM data by applying multiple data analytics techniques. An application is designed to analyse current data on a machine level and to determine combined reliability. A case study implementation shows the difference in reliability classification accuracy between the isolated and contextual methods, highlighting the need for them to be combined.
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT — CROSSING THE GREAT DIVIDE
Authors: Oosthuizen Rudolph , Benade Siebert
Published: November 2021

Project management (PM) and systems engineering (SE) practitioners and academics experience various challenges regarding meaningful interaction while seeking project success. This situation exists despite sophisticated PM and SE software tools, the existing body of knowledge documents of different professional bodies, and numerous publications addressing this challenge. Generally, projects are fragmented from their initiation on the highest level into a ‘technical’ process and a project management process. This paper summarises the outcomes of several research projects undertaken from 2012 until recently to analyse the problem. The outputs of these studies are also compared with contemporary research to present an understanding of the problem and to suggest potential solutions to improve PM and SE interaction. The aim is to provide a starting point for future-focused research to evaluate the proposed improvements.
Food Education in schools: why do some headteachers make this a priority?
Authors:   , O'Rourke Jason
Published: November 2021

This thesis concerns the reasons why some primary school headteachers in England include Food Education so prominently in their school’s pedagogical curriculum. School leaders are seen as the ‘architects’ of transforming the food culture within a school setting. The current inclusion of Food Education in the English National Curriculum focuses on teaching children about how food choices can have a positive impact on their own physical health and well-being. My study investigates if there are other reasons why a set of recognised leaders in Food Education include this learning focus in their school’s curriculum despite the fact that this is not an area for which they are held accountable. This qualitative research study is based on semi-structured interviews with ten primary school headteachers in England. The responses from the face-to-face semi-structured interviews with the headteachers are submitted to Reflective Thematic Analysis which leads to two contributions to the literature, summarised below. The theoretical framework takes a social constructionist approach, focusing on the interpretation of the school leaders’ views, experiences and practices of including Food Education into their school’s curriculum. My findings reveal that the headteachers who do include Food Education in their school’s pedagogical curriculum do not use it solely to support the healthy eating agenda. By shaping the school ethos and culture through the communication of their personal and professional values and vision, they are also able to extend the wider benefits of Food Education to positively influence other aspects of the school and the wider community. Their use of the ‘pedagogical curriculum’ as a stimulus has enabled them to enact what I call ‘pedagogical commensality’ which supports school connectedness and has the potential to have wide ranging benefits to both the children's academic and health outcomes and the wider community. Recommendations relate to government policy on incorporating learning about food in its broader context into the English National Curriculum. By including the social, cultural, political, environmental, aesthetic and sustainable benefits of food, schools could provide learning opportunities that extend beyond the narrow bio-pedagogical focus that Food Education currently occupies and could support key areas such as community cohesion, personal values development and inclusion. This has implications for the professional development of school leaders and the inclusion of Food Education curriculum in Initial Teacher Training programmes. This thesis claims new knowledge in relation to how Food Education can be used as an embodiment of the headteacher’s values-based leadership approach; and how ‘pedagogical commensality’ can be used as a tool to support the personal and social development of the children and the school community.
As águas na América Latina interpelam os credos por justiça socioambiental
Authors: Wolff Elias
Published: November 2021

Nunca como em nossos tempos ouve-se falar dos graves impactos das mudanças climáticas sobre a vida da humanidade e de todo o planeta. Mudanças significativas nos ecossistemas ameaçam a rica diversidade de expressões da vida nos diferentes biomas. E a água é um dos elementos da natureza que mais sofre com tal situação. Este artigo mostra como na América Latina, e no Brasil, diversos fatores – como a poluição, o desmatamento, a mineração, a cultura do desperdício e a má gestão dos recursos hídricos, entre outros – acentuam de forma acelerada a dificuldade de acesso à agua boa para seres humanos e todos os seres da criação que dela necessitam para sobreviver. Isso implica na vivência das comunidades religiosas, afirmando a tese de que são as próprias águas que interpelam a consciência de fé para relações de justiça socioambiental. A pergunta a ser respondida é como as comunidades religiosas podem contribuir para superar as injustiças que os seres humanos comentem em relação às águas em todo o mundo, com foco no Brasil e na América Latina.
Democratizando la economía de plataforma
Authors: Renau Cano Melissa , Fuster Morell Mayo , Espelt Ricard
Published: November 2021

Plataformas como Glovo, Deliveroo y UberEats dedicadas a la entrega a domicilio se han implantado en ciudades de todo el mundo. Su expansión ha ido acompañada de un impacto sobre los derechos de los trabajadores y trabajadoras, en lo que se considera capitalismo de plataforma. Aun así, existen alternativas democráticas vinculadas a la economía social y solidaria y a los comunes digitales. Este artículo analiza las calidades democráticas de cuatro plataformas alternativas de entrega a domicilio que tienen sede en Europa (CoopCycle, CILFé, Crow y Mensakas). Por un lado, los resultados muestran que estas plataformas tienen en consideración los derechos de sus trabajadores y trabajadoras y, por lo tanto, son una alternativa al capitalismo de plataforma. Por otro lado, se demuestra que estas plataformas tienen retos importantes, especialmente en relación con su sostenibilidad económica y escalabilidad.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLASSICAL AND NANOPHOTONIC MATERIALS FOR RGP CONTACT LENSES BY SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY
Authors: Đuričić Ivan , Mileusnić Ivana , Stamenković Dragomir , Matija Lidija , Koruga Đuro
Published: November 2021

In this paper comparative study of the classical (Soleko SP40TM) and new nanophotonic materials for contact lenses was conducted. Two photonic nanomaterials were made by adding fullerene (C60) and fullerol (C60OH24) to the classic, commercially available, base material (PMMA- polymethylmethacrylate). Nanomaterials are added to the base material to change the transmission characteristics of light, because of different electromagnetic properties of the materials. Two new nanophotonic nanomaterials, along with the base material were investigated with Scanning Probe Microscopy methods of Atomic Force Microscopy and Magnetic Force Microscopy (AFM/MFM) to determine roughness, electro-magnetic properties of materials, and static Force-distance curve for investigating materials mechanical characteristics. Results and analysis of investigations for all three materials are compared and presented in the paper.
IMAGING A NANOSTRUCTURE BY THE LYAPUNOV EXPONENT COMPUTATION
Authors: Nježić Saša , Malivuk Dragana , Lekić Sreten , Sekulić Saša , Škrgić Enes , Rajilić Zoran
Published: November 2021

A model of the AFM (atomic force microscope) with certain tip-nanostructure interaction, cantilever elasticity and damping of its oscillations is proposed. Stable and unstable motion of the AFM tip interacting with the graphene sheet is investigated by the Lyapunov exponent computation. In our approximation, a hundred Si atoms (top of the AFM tip) interact with C atoms of the nanostructure. Тhis interaction is described by Lennard-Jones potential, and the distance between the top and the center of the cantilever mass is a constant. Complex influence of the initial tip-nanostructure distance and nanostructure size on stability has been examined. We discuss a possible new mode of the AFM operation based on the Lyapunov exponent computation. Maxima and minima of the Lyapunov exponent show where certain parts of the elementary cells are placed.
EFFECTS OF IMAGE SIZE AND SAMPLE AREAS ON COMPARISON OF CONTACT LENS SURFACES BASED ON FRACTAL DIMENSION
Authors: Bojović Božica
Published: November 2021

Methods used for calculation of fractal dimension demand large image resolution and adequate sample size, in terms of roughness threshold that defines spatial scope for rough surface fractal properties. Imaging device operators, on the one hand, recommend the image size and sample area based on experience and expertise, in order to minimize the imaging time. On the other hand, engineers make decisions based on their own requirements. To overcome these problems, in this paper we used ANOVA statistical approach (one-way and multi comparison) so as to establish significant image size and sample area. The conclusion made in this paper will enable decision guidelines on selection of parameters for new nanophotonic lenses imaging by scanning microscopes in near future.
THE RESIDUAL MONOMER IN DENTAL ACRYLIC RESIN AND ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS
Authors: Ivković Nedeljka , Božović Djordje , Ristić Siniša , Mirjanić Vladan , Janković Olivera
Published: November 2021

Acrylic based resins are frequently used in daily dental practice. The most common use of the materials includes denture bases and denture liners, temporary crowns and orthodontic appliances. In the mouth, properties and functional efficiency of applied acrylic resins depend on internal factors related to the methods and conditions of polymerization and on external factors that are related to the environment in which the material is placed. Residual monomer, which is released as a result of interaction of both sets of factors is often associated with irritation, inflammatory and allergic reactions of oral mucosa. The aim of this paper is to review literature dealing with the conditions of polymerization and biodegradation of acrylic resins under certain conditions in the oral cavity and their impact on oral health (reviewed literature available on Medline database during the past two decades.) Conclusion: Methods and conditions of acrylate polymerization, on the one hand, and properties of saliva, chewing and the presence of microorganisms in the oral cavity, on the other hand, can be considered responsible for the release of residual monomers. Clinically significant events followed by redness and erosion of the oral mucosa, burning sensation and burning mucosa and tongue, may be due to the effects of released, potentially cytotoxic, residual monomers.
THE STUDY OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON MODULES
Authors: Mirjanić Dragoljub , Maksimović Siniša , Divnić Darko
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the effect of temperature and wind speed on physical characteristics of monocrystalline silicon solar modules, which are placed on the building of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska in Banja Luka. Measurements of the solar modules were carried out by UI analyzer for photovoltaic PV-KLA and Mini PV-KLA. Meteorological parameters (temperature, wind speed and intensity of solar radiation) were measured using the automatic meteorological station Davis Vantage Pro-USA. This paper gives the results of comparisons between theoretically obtained energy efficiency and experimentally obtained energy efficiency of the monocrystalline silicon modules in relation to their characteristics.
ELECTRIC DRIVE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES DUAL AXIS TRACKING SYSTEM
Authors: Rachev Svilen , Dimitrov Lyubomir
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with the implementation of dual axis tracking system for photovoltaic modules in order to demonstrate the advantages of these systems in education. According to the main components – the system includes electronic module for control and two DC motors for each of the axes, respectively.
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON POTENTIAL OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE WORLD, EUROPE AND BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Karabegović Isak , Doleček Vlatko
Published: November 2021

Energy security and stability are currently the main issues throughout the world. Applied research is carried out all over the world in order to increase a share of renewable energy sources in the overall task of energy generation. In near future environmentally friendly energy sources should be found that will enable the mankind to cover its energy needs. Renewable energy sources are currently offered worldwide as an environmentally friendly and acceptable solution; however, one may always wonder whether it is realistic to expect such energy sources to be developed at a level sufficient to meet the mankind’s ever increasing energy needs. This caution is caused by the following facts associated with the renewable energy sources available today: the wind energy is not everywhere available in sufficient quantities, solar energy is not sufficiently used, hydropower (we refer to small hydro power plants), is not big enough for this quantity of energy, geothermal energy can be optimally used only at places where thermal energy from the inner core of the Earth is near the surface, tidal energy (energy of the waves) has great potentials but is very little used due to its scarcity and non-accessibility, bioenergy, as a substitute for conventional fossil fuels, is not completely environmentally friendly or acceptable due to the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. On the other hand, without implementing the adequate policies in the energy sector operation, it is not possible to have any industrial, economic or social progress in the world. Energy security and stability are only one part in achieving the ultimate goals: sustainable economy, clean environment, high standard of living, prosperity and health of the population. In the light of all the above, the paper will investigate the state and perspective of renewable energy sources with a special emphasis on the potential of solar energy.
Aesthetic education in the aspect of the ecology of culture
Authors: Valdes Odriozola Maria
Published: November 2021

The object of this research is the ecological-cultural concept, which is based on the theory of the noosphere. Special emphasis is placed on the ethical ecology. The author explores the essence and specificity of the noospheric reality, as well as the role of the new scientific direction – ecology of culture in development of the ideas of environmental safety in modern world. The subject of this research is the aesthetic education in the context of the ecology of culture, the concept formulated by the Academician D. S. Likhachev. The author believes that aesthetic education in the context of the ecology of culture is an irreplaceable instrument for the formation of environmental competencies of an individual. The concept of aesthetic education developed by B. T. Likhachev, as well as the latest approaches in art therapy are used as the examples. Analysis is conducted on the theoretical and practical literature that allows revealing the essence and specificity of aesthetic education in light of the ecological-cultural concept. The acquired results can be used in the development of academic programs and methodologies in the field of aesthetic education and art therapy for dealing with different population categories. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is  first to examine the essence and specificity of aesthetic education in the context of ecological-cultural concept based on the representations of the noosphere. The author's contribution consists in comparison of different, at first glance, concepts (the theory of noosphere, ecological-cultural concept, concept of aesthetic education) and obtain the results that are relevant for both, theoretical research and practical use. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The development of ecological-cultural representations is fully implemented only in the context of the theory of noosphere. 2. The aesthetic education in the context of the ecology of culture is currently a powerful instrument for the formation of environmental competencies of an individual.
The image of femme fatale in Sergei Prokofiev’s opera of the 1910s – 1920s
Authors: Ushchapivska Olena
Published: November 2021

The comprehensive analysis of Sergei Prokofiev’s operas “Maddalena”, “The Gambler”, “The Fiery Angel” reveals the peculiarities of personification of the image of the protagonist as femme fatale (Maddalena, Polina, Renata). Despite heightened interest to this topic, this article is first to view the listed operas from such perspective, which defines the scientific novelty. The fact that the libretto of these works was created by the composer himself can be considered as testimony that S. Prokofiev deeply intertwines with the psychology and personality traits of his heroes. The composer depict “femme fatal” a specific type of personality that combines self-worth and spiritual pursuit, desire to manipulate others and natural talent, no sense of guilt, and realization of self in another person. The use of comparative-historical, musical-culturological, and theoretical-analytical methods allow tracing correlation between the opera plot and their life context of creation, finding differences and commonalities in the means of expressing the image of femme fatal, and indicating the evolution and universality of the composer’s way of thinking on the early stage of creation. Attention is given to the synthesis of the principles of symbolist, romantic, realistic and expressionist musical drama, which S. Prokofiev uses in the opera under review.
Interference of the intervener in contractual relations: means of protecting a bona fide creditor
Authors: Osipov Mikhail Leonidovich , Guseva Anastasiya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2021

The subject of this article is relations that arise to interference of the third party (intervener) in contractual relations of the parties. The author considers the question of possible means of protecting a bona fide creditor from the actions of an intervener, such as challenging of the transaction consummated between the obligator and the intervener, as well as recovery of tort damages from the intervener for the benefit of a bona fide creditor. The article examines the issues emerging in the context of application of both methods of protection. The conclusion is made on the possibility of use of both methods, in preference to recovery of damages. It is noted that challenging of the transactions allows to equitably redistribute the burden of proof in disputes with a mala fide intervener, while the tort claim implies the possibility of recovering pure economic losses from a mala fide intervener. The authors indicate that the current Russian legislation does not contain dogmatic obstacles for application of such method of protecting a mala fide intervener.
The role of cultural industries in modern cultural life of the region (on the example of N. D. Neustroev's comedy “Tieteybit”)
Authors: Afanasev Nurgun Vyacheslavovich , Titova Ul'yana Valer'evna
Published: November 2021

The object of this research is the role of the comedy “Tieteybit” by N. D. Neustroev in cultural life of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The subject is the impact of modern creative industries upon cultural life of the region. On the example of Nikolay Denisovich Neustroev's comedy play “Tieteybit”, the authors examine the use of creative approaches towards preservation and popularization of cultural heritage of the Sakha people. It is noted that over the recent years, a major event in the development of spiritual culture and cultural life of the region overall has become the innovations introduced by the contemporaries in staging the Yakut comedies. Motifs of the comedy “Tieteybit” served as the prototype for staging the the first Yakut musical comedy, and even a film. A survey was conducted touching upon the following questions: are the innovations introduced in culture in form of a screen version of classical literature with the elements of innovation encourage the young generation to studying the Yakut cultural heritage?; what is the relevance of the work by N. D. Neustroev “Tieteybit”? The conclusions is made that in the XXI century, N. D. Neustroev's comedy “Tieteybit” has become one of the basics for the development of creative industry of the region. As an instrument for the development of regional culture, creative industry may play the strongest and highly effective role in the development of social life of the region.
Phenomenological grounds of Hegel's aesthetics
Authors: Korotkikh Vyacheslav Ivanovich
Published: November 2021

The subject of this research is the correlation between “Phenomenology of Spirit” and “Aesthetics” as the elements of Hegelian philosophical system. The author establishes the dependence of the “Phenomenology of the Spirit” on the original idea of the philosopher, which implied the course of lectures on aesthetics. The task is set to examine the impact of the work that grew out of this idea, observed in the first part of the “System of Science” upon the course of aesthetics read by Hegel in Heidelberg and Berlin, and reflected in the prepared for publication “Aesthetics”. Special attention is given to the influence of the Hegel’s aesthetic theory of phenomenological methods, namely its role in solution of the problem of substantiation the meaning of aesthetic reasoning. This article is first in the Russian literature to analyze the role of phenomenological method in the establishment of Hegelian aesthetics. The acquired results include the determination of general philosophical and phenomenological grounds for excluding the “beautiful in nature” from aesthetics as a philosophical discipline, substantiation of the role of the concept of the observer formation of the method of studying art, indication of the place of the concept of visuality in Hegel's aesthetics, as well as demonstration of the conceptual and stylistic uniformity of the texts of “Phenomenology of Spirit” and “Aesthetics”. The article also explains the dependence of Hegel’s understanding of the possibility of philosophical study of art on the “Phenomenology of Spirit”, and thus, interpretation of the status of aesthetics as a philosophical discipline.
Evolution and crisis of multiculturalism in light of the ideas of polyethnic (cross-cultural) justice
Authors: Suslov Alexey Viktorovich
Published: November 2021

The goal of this research lies in analyzing the essence and problems of the genesis of multiculturalism and its varieties, factors of crisis in its development, and overcoming the crisis situation in a broad ethical-philosophical context. The author demonstrates that the construction of multicultural society should be based not on a limited understanding of culture as a set of religious statutes, ethnic norms, customs and traditions, but on the philosophical conceptualization of culture as a system that forms profound values, the crucial of which is justice. Special attention is given to substantiation of the categories of “social justice” and “law”, which manifest as the essential grounds of a modern multicultural society. It is demonstrated that social justice is the determining basis for the development of modern multicultural societies, i.e. the necessary condition for harmonious coexistence of individuals, groups and society as a whole. The conclusion is made that on the one hand, the globalization processes strengthen the integration, forming a single sociocultural space, while on the other hand, complicate the adaptation of ethnic cultures and their representatives, which generates tension in cross-cultural interaction, as well as inclusion and positive reliance on social justice as the fundamental value of any society allows finding the ethical measure in regulation of issues emerging in modern multicultural societies.
Analysis of reality of the work and artistic communication as a way to elucidate the essence of art
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: November 2021

The article covers the two main topics: the characteristics of three key stages of studying art by the author, and a brief summary of the original concept of art proposed as a result of this study. Leaning on the concept of art of L. S. Vygotsky, the author offers the own approach towards studying art. Firstly, art is viewed in comparison with dreams, communication and play, analyzing the role of these processes and semiotic means played in relation to ordinary life. The article introduces the idea of artistic reality, which manifests as a continuation of ordinary life, allowing to realize in a semiotic form the desires (psychic programs) that are blocked in ordinary life; and such realization suggest living through the events set by the specific semiosis of art and conditionality. Secondly, the author describes the results of the genesis of art. In the course of analysis, emphasis is place on the three central topics:: 1) establishment of the semiosis of art based on the semiosis formed in ordinary life; 2) formation of recreation sphere, within which art is being formed; 3) philosophical “conceptualization” of art in the antique culture, which characterizes art as an independent sphere of life, unlike other spheres. Thirdly, art and artistic reality are viewed as a peculiar type of communication. The author believes that both, the artist (writer, composer) and the viewer (reader, listener), on the one hand, create and reconstruct artistic reality (and there is not always a coincidence), while on the other hand, to one or another extent, they take into account each other's communicative abilities and competencies. The conclusion is made that art is determined by conceptual space, the coordinates of which indicate the representations of artistic reality, artistic communication, life patterns in art, conceptualization of art and its development.
BUILDING UP THE MOTIVATION OF FUTURE TOURISM SPECIALISTS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY THROUGH PROJECT WORK
Authors:   International Institute of Design and Service, Korchagina G.A.
Published: November 2021

The article actualizes the problem of motivating students to get a profession in tourism and work in the hospitality industry against the background of increasing demand for tourism within the Russian Federation. The hypothesis of increasing the motivation of future tourism specialists to work in their specialty through their involvement in joint projects of the tourism industry and by fulfilling real orders of the tourism business is put forward and tested. The article describes the experience of successful project activity of students of International Institute of Design and Service on the implementation of projects in the field of creating tourist products and marketing destinations. According to the results of a survey of students after the implementation of the project, an increase in interest in the chosen profession was revealed.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF FORMATION OF PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL IMAGE OF YOUNG TEACHERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Vodnaya Akademia, Golubkova Yu.G.
Published: November 2021

The article reveals the urgency of the problem of forming personal and professional image of young teachers in the context of additional education; the essence of the key concepts of the study is revealed, the structural components of the personal and professional image of a young teacher are highlighted: cognitive, value, cultural and competitive-oriented. Acmeological, activity-creative and convergent methodological approaches are determined. The necessity of organizational and pedagogical support of the formation of the personal and professional image of young teachers in the conditions of additional professional education is indicated. Organizational and pedagogical support has several directions: psychological and pedagogical, methodological and technological, socially adaptive.
ACTIVITY APPROACH AS A PRACTICE-ORIENTED BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL QUALITIES OF CADETS OF AVIATION NAVIGATORS
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Seliverstov S.A.
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the issue of the formation of professionally important qualities (PIQ) in future military aviation navigators in the educational environment of a military university. The goal is to substantiate the activity approach as a practice-oriented basis for the formation of professional qualities in cadets-navigators. A review and analysis of scientific research, publications is carried out, allowing to discover the significance of the activity approach as a methodological direction of research. The methodological basis of the research is the provisions of the activity approach, which are used as the basis for the development and formation of the PIQ among cadets-navigators in the process of a practice-oriented educational process. The description of the results is associated with the characteristics of the content and organization of the professional activity of cadets-navigators in the process of implementation of industrial practice in the form of flight training. Using the activity approach, the main components of the activities of flight instructors, teachers and cadets-navigators are considered, from a unified methodological point of view, and thus the nature of their interaction is revealed. Emphasis have been determined that need to be paid attention to in the course of pedagogical activity on the formation of professional qualities among cadets-navigators. A definition is given and pedagogical technologies are proposed for the formation of professional experience and professional qualities in a future specialist in the context of a practice-oriented pedagogical process. The relationship between the experience gained by the trainee in the practice-oriented pedagogical process and the formation of professionally important personality traits of a specialist is considered. The main goals and objectives for the formation of the necessary professional qualities of cadetsnavigators during flight training have been determined. At the entrance of each stage of flight training, technologies are determined aimed at rational and purposeful impact on the student in order to develop competencies and personal qualities. Recommendations are offered to teachers and instructors to improve the efficiency of development and formation among cadets-navigators of the PIQ.
CRITERIA-DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF ANTI-CORRUPTION BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYEES OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Trifantsov S.V.
Published: November 2021

Currently, corruption has affected all spheres of public life, including healthcare, education, and law enforcement agencies. Employees of the internal affairs bodies face various manifestations of corruption temptations on a daily basis. In our opinion, in order to successfully combat corruption manifestations in the police, it is necessary to form anticorruption behavior of employees of internal affairs bodies. The analysis of scientific works has shown that at present, the criteria-diagnostic apparatus for the formation of anticorruption behavior of employees of internal affairs bodies is not represented in pedagogical research. In this regard, the purpose of our study is to analyze the criteria for the formation of anti-corruption behavior of employees of internal affairs bodies and to determine the m ethods of their diagnosis, as well as to generate the levels of formation of anti-corruption behavior of police officers and their characteristics. In the study, we used the following basic methods-operations: induction, deduction, synthesis, analysis, analogy. In the course of the study, we identified the criteria for the formation of anti-corruption behavior of employees of internal affairs bodies, determined the indicators of criteria and methods of their diagnosis. Also, the levels of formation of anti-corruption behavior were generated and the criteria - diagnostic formation of anti-corruption behavior of employees of internal affairs bodies was synthesized.
Spectral properties of certain operators on the free Hilbert space \mathfrak{F}[H_{1},...,H_{N}] and the semicircular law
Authors: Cho Ilwoo
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we fix \(N\)-many \(l^2\)-Hilbert spaces \(H_k\) whose dimensions are \(n_{k} \in \mathbb{N}^{\infty}=\mathbb{N} \cup \{\infty\}\), for \(k=1,\ldots,N\), for \(N \in \mathbb{N}\setminus\{1\}\). And then, construct a Hilbert space \(\mathfrak{F}=\mathfrak{F}[H_{1},\ldots,H_{N}]\) induced by \(H_{1},\ldots,H_{N}\), and study certain types of operators on \(\mathfrak{F}\). In particular, we are interested in so-called jump-shift operators. The main results (i) characterize the spectral properties of these operators, and (ii) show how such operators affect the semicircular law induced by \(\bigcup^N_{k=1} \mathcal{B}_{k}\), where \(\mathcal{B}_{k}\) are the orthonormal bases of \(H_{k}\), for \(k=1,\ldots,N\).