bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GLUT1 inhibition blocks growth of RB1-positive triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Wu Qin , ba-alawi Wail , Deblois Genevieve , Cruickshank Jennifer , Duan Shili , Lima-Fernandes Evelyne , Haight Jillian , Tonekaboni Seyed Ali Madani , Fortier Anne-Marie , Kuasne Hellen , McKee Trevor D. , Mahmoud Hassan , Kushida Michelle , Cameron Sarina , Dogan-Artun Nergiz , Chen WenJun , Nie Yan , Zhang Lan Xin , Vellanki Ravi N. , Zhou Stanley , Prinos Panagiotis , Wouters Bradly G. , Dirks Peter B. , Done Susan J. , Park Morag , Cescon David W. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Lupien Mathieu , Arrowsmith Cheryl H.
Published: August 2020

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a deadly form of breast cancer due to the development of resistance to chemotherapy affecting over 30% of patients. New therapeutics and companion biomarkers are urgently needed. Recognizing the elevated expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1, encoded by SLC2A1) and associated metabolic dependencies in TNBC, we investigated the vulnerability of TNBC cell lines and patient-derived samples to GLUT1 inhibition. We report that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of GLUT1 with BAY-876 impairs the growth of a subset of TNBC cells displaying high glycolytic and lower oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) rates. Pathway enrichment analysis of gene expression data suggests that the functionality of the E2F pathway may reflect to some extent OXPHOS activity. Furthermore, the protein levels of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB1) strongly correlate with the degree of sensitivity to GLUT1 inhibition in TNBC, where RB1-negative cells are insensitive to GLUT1 inhibition. Collectively, our results highlight a strong and targetable RB1-GLUT1 metabolic axis in TNBC and warrant clinical evaluation of GLUT1 inhibition in TNBC patients stratified according to RB1 protein expression levels.
Green light triggered [2+2] cycloaddition of halochromic styrylquinoxaline—controlling photoreactivity by pH
Authors: Kalayci Kubra , Frisch Hendrik , Truong Vinh X. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: August 2020

Photochemical reactions are a powerful tool in (bio)materials design due to the spatial and temporal control light can provide. To extend their applications in biological setting, the use of low-energy, long wavelength light with high penetration propertiesis required. Further regulation of the photochemical process by additional stimuli, such as pH, will open the door for construction of highly regulated systems in nanotechnology- and biology-driven applications. Here we report the green light induced [2+2] cycloaddition of a halochromic system based on a styrylquinoxaline moiety, which allows for its photo-reactivity to be switched on and off by adjusting the pH of the system. Critically, the [2+2] photocycloaddition can be activated by green light (λ up to 550 nm), which is the longest wavelength employed to date in catalyst-free photocycloadditions in solution. Importantly, the pH-dependence of the photo-reactivity was mapped by constant photon action plots. The action plots further indicate that the choice of solvent strongly impacts the system’s photo-reactivity. Indeed, higher conversion and longer activation wavelengths were observed in water compared to acetonitrile under identical reaction conditions. The wider applicability of the system was demonstrated in the crosslinking of an 8-arm PEG to form hydrogels (ca. 1 cm in thickness) with a range of mechanical properties and pH responsiveness, highlighting the potential of the system in materials science.
Role of adhesion forces in mechanosensitive channel gating in Staphylococcus aureus adhering to surfaces
Authors: Carniello Vera , Peterson Brandon W. , van der Mei Henny C. , Busscher Henk J.
Published: August 2020

Mechanosensitive channels in bacterial membranes open or close in response to environmental changes to allow transmembrane transport, including antibiotic uptake and solute efflux. In this paper, we hypothesize that gating of mechanosensitive channels is stimulated by forces through which bacteria adhere to surfaces. Hereto, channel gating is related with adhesion forces to different surfaces of a Staphylococcus aureus strain and its isogenic ΔmscL mutant, deficient in MscL (large) channel gating. Staphylococci becoming fluorescent due to uptake of calcein, increased with adhesion force and were higher in the parent strain (66% when adhering with an adhesion force above 4.0 nN) than in the ΔmscL mutant (40% above 1.2 nN). This suggests that MscL channels open at a higher critical adhesion force than at which physically different, MscS (small) channels open and contribute to transmembrane transport. Uptake of the antibiotic dihydrostreptomycin was monitored by staphylococcal killing. The parent strain exposed to dihydrostreptomycin yielded a CFU reduction of 2.3 log-units when adhering with an adhesion force above 3.5 nN, but CFU reduction remained low (1.0 log-unit) in the mutant, independent of adhesion force. This confirms that large channels open at a higher critical adhesion-force than small channels, as also concluded from calcein transmembrane transport. Collectively, these observations support our hypothesis that adhesion forces to surfaces play an important role, next to other established driving forces, in staphylococcal channel gating. This provides an interesting extension of our understanding of transmembrane antibiotic uptake and solute efflux in infectious staphylococcal biofilms in which bacteria experience adhesion forces from a wide variety of surfaces, like those of other bacteria, tissue cells, or implanted biomaterials.
Concepts of the half-valley-metal and quantum anomalous valley Hall effect
Authors: Hu He , Tong Wen-Yi , Shen Yu-Hao , Wan Xiangang , Duan Chun-Gang
Published: August 2020

Valley, the energy extrema in the electronic band structure at momentum space, is regarded as a new degree of freedom of electrons, in addition to charge and spin. The studies focused on valley degree of freedom now form an emerging field of condensed-matter physics, i.e., valleytronics, whose development is exactly following that of spintronics, which focuses on the spin degree of freedom. Here, in analogy to half-metals in spintronics where one spin channel is conducting, whereas the other is insulating, we propose the concept of half-valley metal, in which conduction electrons are intrinsically 100% valley polarized, as well as 100% spin polarized even when spin–orbit interactions are considered. Combining first-principle calculations with a two-band k·p model, the physical mechanism to form the half-valley metal is illuminated. Taking the ferrovalley H-FeCl2 monolayer with strong exchange interaction as an example, we find that the strong electron correlation effect can induce the ferrovalley to half-valley-metal transition. Due to the valley-dependent optical selection rules, such a system could be transparent to, e.g., left-circularly polarized light, yet the right-circularly polarized light will be reflected, which can in turn be used as a crucial method to detect the half-valley-metal state. Interestingly, with the increase of the correlation effect, the system becomes insulating again with all valleys following the same optical selection rule. We confirm that in this specific case, the valence bands, which consist of single spin, possess nonzero Chern number and consequently an intrinsic quantum anomalous valley Hall effect emerges. Our findings open an appealing route toward functional 2D materials design of valleytronics.
The social cost of gathering information for trust decisions
Authors: Ma I. , Sanfey A. G. , Ma W. J.
Published: August 2020

Trust decisions are inherently uncertain, as people usually have incomplete information about the trustworthiness of the other person prior to their decision to trust or not trust. Therefore, it is typically beneficial to gather information about a trustee’s past behaviour before deciding whether or not to trust them. However, elaborate inquiries about a trustee’s behaviour may change the trustee’s willingness to reciprocate, causing either a decrease due to the trustee’s negative impressions of the investor or an increase because the investor appears to be highly betrayal-averse to the trustee. In turn, such a change could cause the investor to gather less or more information, respectively. Here, we examine how information acquisition is modulated by social context, monetary cost, and the trustee’s trustworthiness. We gave participants the opportunity to sequentially sample information about a trustee’s reciprocation history before they decided whether or not to invest. Participants sampled less when there was a monetary cost and when the gathered information was more conclusive. On some trials, we induced a social context by telling the participant that the trustee would learn how much the participant sampled (“overt sampling”). Crucially, when sampling was free, participants sampled less when sampling was overt than when it was covert, suggesting that they avoided leaving negative impressions. We find that the data were well accounted for by a Bayesian heuristic model, in which the agent continues sampling until uncertainty about trustworthiness—as measured by the width of the posterior belief—drops below a level that they find tolerable. This study opens the door to broader applications of the tools and models of information sampling to social decision-making.
Cytokine profiling in serum-derived exosomes isolated by different methods
Authors: Jung Hae Hyun , Kim Ji-Yeon , Lim Ji Eun , Im Young-Hyuck
Published: August 2020

Exosomes in blood play an important role in cell-to-cell signaling and are a novel source of biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Recently, evidence has accumulated that cytokines are released from encapsulated exosomes and are capable of eliciting biological effects upon contact with sensitive cells. However, there is currently limited information on exosome isolation methods for cytokine research. In this study, we evaluated three exosome isolation methods for their usability, yield, purity, and effectiveness in subsequent cytokine profiling. We found that ultracentrifugation (UC) and Exoquick (EQ), but not exoEasy, yielded appropriate exosome sizes, and EQ had higher exosome extraction efficiency than the other two methods. Although UC generated markedly fewer particles than EQ, it yielded a relatively high purity. Next, we performed a multiplex assay with the ProcartaPlex Immune Monitoring 65-Plex Panel to determine the feasibility of these methods for cytokine profiling. The results indicated significant differences among isolation methods when analyzing exosomal cytokine profiles. We further investigated the changes of exosomal cytokines according to breast cancer progression in triple-negative breast cancer. We found significantly decreased concentrations of MIP-3 alpha, IL-23, M-CSF, Eotaxin-3, BLC, SDF-1 alpha, IL-2R, MDC, FGF-2, IL-22, and IL-31 in exosomes from metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients.
Improved adaptive impedance matching for RF front-end systems of wireless transceivers
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Shukla Pancham , See Chan H. , Abd-Alhameed Raed A. , Falcone Francisco , Limiti Ernesto
Published: August 2020

In this paper an automatic adaptive antenna impedance tuning algorithm is presented that is based on quantum inspired genetic optimization technique. The proposed automatic quantum genetic algorithm (AQGA) is used to find the optimum solution for a low-pass passiveT-impedance matchingLC-network inserted between an RF transceiver and its antenna. Results of the AQGA tuning method are presented for applications across 1.4 to 5 GHz (satellite services, LTE networks, radar systems, and WiFi bands). Compared to existing genetic algorithm-based tuning techniques the proposed algorithm converges much faster to provide a solution. At 1.4, 2.3, 3.4, 4.0, and 5.0 GHz bands the proposed AQGA is on average 75%, 49.2%, 64.9%, 54.7%, and 52.5% faster than conventional genetic algorithms, respectively. The results reveal the proposed AQGA is feasible for real-time application in RF-front-end systems.
Chiral discrimination by recollision enhanced femtosecond laser mass spectrometry
Authors: Bégin Jean-Luc , Alsaawy Maye , Bhardwaj Ravi
Published: August 2020

Chiral molecules and their interactions are critical in a variety of chemical and biological processes. Circular dichroism (CD) is the most widely used optical technique to study chirality, often performed in a solution phase. However, CD has low-efficiency on the order of 0.01–1$$\%$$
%
. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop high-efficiency chiroptical techniques, especially in gas-phase, to gain background-free in-depth insight into chiral interactions. By using mass spectrometry and strong-field ionization of limonene with elliptically polarized light, we demonstrate an efficient chiral discrimination method that produces a chiral signal of one to two orders of magnitude higher than the conventional CD. The chiral response exhibits a strong dependence on wavelength in the range of 1,300–2,400 nm, where the relative abundance of the ion yields alternates between the two enantiomers. The origin of enhanced enantio-sensitivity in intense laser fields is attributed to two mechanisms that rely on the recollision dynamics in a chiral system: (1) the excited ionic state dynamics mediated either by the laser field or by the recollision process, and (2) non-dipole effects that alter the electron’s trajectories. Our results can serve as a benchmark for testing and developing theoretical tools involving non-dipole effects in strong-field ionization of molecules.
Genetic control of CCL24, POR, and IL23R contributes to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis
Authors: Meguro Akira , Ishihara Mami , Petrek Martin , Yamamoto Ken , Takeuchi Masaki , Mrazek Frantisek , Kolek Vitezslav , Benicka Alzbeta , Yamane Takahiro , Shibuya Etsuko , Yoshino Atsushi , Isomoto Akiko , Ota Masao , Yatsu Keisuke , Shijubo Noriharu , Nagai Sonoko , Yamaguchi Etsuro , Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Namba Kenichi , Kaburaki Toshikatsu , Takase Hiroshi , Morimoto Shin-ichiro , Hori Junko , Kono Keiko , Goto Hiroshi , Suda Takafumi , Ikushima Soichiro , Ando Yasutaka , Takenaka Shinobu , Takeuchi Masaru , Yuasa Takenosuke , Sugisaki Katsunori , Ohguro Nobuyuki , Hiraoka Miki , Kitaichi Nobuyoshi , Sugiyama Yukihiko , Horita Nobuyuki , Asukata Yuri , Kawagoe Tatsukata , Kimura Ikuko , Ishido Mizuho , Inoko Hidetoshi , Mochizuki Manabu , Ohno Shigeaki , Bahram Seiamak , Remmers Elaine F. , Kastner Daniel L. , Mizuki Nobuhisa
Published: August 2020

Sarcoidosis is a genetically complex systemic inflammatory disease that affects multiple organs. We present a GWAS of a Japanese cohort (700 sarcoidosis cases and 886 controls) with replication in independent samples from Japan (931 cases and 1,042 controls) and the Czech Republic (265 cases and 264 controls). We identified three loci outside theHLAcomplex,CCL24,STYXL1-SRRM3, andC1orf141-IL23R, which showed genome-wide significant associations (P < 5.0 × 10−8) with sarcoidosis;CCL24andSTYXL1-SRRM3were novel. The disease-risk alleles inCCL24andIL23Rwere associated with reducedCCL24andIL23Rexpression, respectively. The disease-risk allele inSTYXL1-SRRM3was associated with elevatedPORexpression. These results suggest that genetic control ofCCL24,POR, andIL23Rexpression contribute to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. We speculate that theCCL24risk allele might be involved in a polarized Th1 response in sarcoidosis, and thatPORandIL23Rrisk alleles may lead to diminished host defense against sarcoidosis pathogens.
A highly sensitive aptasensor for vascular endothelial growth factor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer from upconversion nanoparticles to MoS2 nanosheets
Authors: Yuan Yunxia , Yu Huichun , Yin Yong
Published: August 2020

A novel sensitive aptasensor for vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF165) was constructed based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and MoS2 nanosheets.
A call for action to the biomaterial community to tackle antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Hall Thomas J. , Villapún Victor M. , Addison Owen , Webber Mark A. , Lowther Morgan , Louth Sophie E. T. , Mountcastle Sophie E. , Brunet Mathieu Y. , Cox Sophie C.
Published: August 2020

The global surge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern for public health and proving to be a key challenge in modern disease treatment, requiring action plans at all levels.
Dual polymeric prodrug co-assembled nanoparticles with precise ratiometric co-delivery of cisplatin and metformin for lung cancer chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Yang Tong , Yu Shuangyu , Liu Lu , Sun Yue , Lan Yang , Ma Xueqin , Zhu Rongyue , Li Li , Hou Yanhui , Liu Yanhua
Published: August 2020

The combination therapy of cisplatin (CDDP) and metformin (MET) is a clinical strategy to enhance therapeutic outcomes in lung cancer.
A bistable [2]catenane switched by hetero-radical pairing interactions
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chen Qiong , Wang Yan , Zheng Xujun , Wang Haiying , Cao Fahe , Sue Andrew C.-H. , Li Hao
Published: August 2020

A bistable [2]catenane composed of two rings containing two bipridinium and a naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide) (NDI) unit respectively, was obtained. Mechanical motion occurs upon switching the redox states of the bipridinium and NDI units.
Vanadium hexacyanoferrate as high-capacity cathode for fast proton storage
Authors: Peng Xuancheng , Guo Haocheng , Ren Wenhao , Su Zhen , Zhao Chuan
Published: August 2020

Vanadium hexacyanoferrate materials have been synthesized and evaluated as proton (de)intercalation cathodes with decent performances.
Selective sensing of sulfate anions in water with cyclopeptide-decorated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Bartl Julia , Reinke Lena , Koch Marcus , Kubik Stefan
Published: August 2020

Gold nanoparticles containing surface-bound cyclopeptides precipitate from an aqueous solution in the presence of sulfate ions, thus allowing the selective detection of this anion with the naked eye.
Interpreting interfacial semiconductor–liquid capacitive characteristics impacted by surface states: a theoretical and experimental study of CuGaS2
Authors: Miao Botong , Sangaré Kassoum , Iqbal Asif , Marsan Benoît , Bevan Kirk H.
Published: August 2020

A first-order approach is presented to estimate the doping concentration and flat band potential of a semiconductor photoanode subject to surface states.
Characterization of plasma and gas-phase chemistry during boron-nitride nanomaterial synthesis by laser-ablation of boron-rich targets
Authors: Yatom Shurik , Raitses Yevgeny
Published: August 2020

Formation of B2N molecules occurs when solid BN is utilized as feedstock for the synthesis of boron nitride nanomaterials.
Structural and electronic properties of exohedrally doped neutral silicon clusters LnSin (n = 5, 10; Ln = Sm, Eu, Yb)
Authors: Fan Yi-Wei , Wang Huai-Qian , Li Hui-Fang
Published: August 2020

The structural, electronic, and bonding properties of LnSin were investigated systematically by SK-DFT.
Untangling the active sites in the exposed crystal facet of zirconium oxide for selective hydrogenation of bioaldehydes
Authors: Kumar Sahil , Devi Mayanglambam Manolata , Kansal Sushil Kumar , Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel
Published: August 2020

A quantitative yield of furfuryl alcohol from furfural in isopropanol was achieved with ZrO2 having monoclinic phase with a maximum exposed (−111) facet, whereas ZrO2 possessing predominantly tetragonal phase yielded only 8.0% of furfuryl alcohol.
Avobenzone incorporation in a diverse range of Ru(ii) scaffolds produces potent potential antineoplastic agents
Authors: Ryan Raphael T. , Havrylyuk Dmytro , Stevens Kimberly C. , Moore L. Henry , Kim Doo Young , Blackburn Jessica S. , Heidary David K. , Selegue John P. , Glazer Edith C.
Published: August 2020

Four structurally distinct classes of polypyridyl ruthenium complexes containing avobenzone exhibited low micromolar and submicromolar potencies in cancer cells, and were up to 273-fold more active than the parent ligand.
Tungsten–niobium oxide bronzes: a bulk and surface structural study
Authors: Delgado Daniel , Concepción Patricia , Trunschke Annette , López Nieto Jose M.
Published: August 2020

The incorporation of Nb in the hexagonal tungsten bronze leads to a loss of long range order in theabplane of the structure, the stabilization of W5+species, and an increase in the Lewis nature of surface acid sites.
Superior antibacterial activity of Fe3O4@copper(ii) metal–organic framework core–shell magnetic microspheres
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Ye Junwei , Liu Zhao , Lu Hao , Shi Suqi , Qi Ye , Ning Guiling
Published: August 2020

Schematic mechanism for the antibacterial activity of Fe3O4@Cu-BTC.
Subphthalocyanine-sensitized TiO2 photocatalyst for photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Celil Yüzer A. , Genc Eminegül , Harputlu Ersan , Yanalak Gizem , Aslan Emre , Ocakoglu Kasim , Hatay Patir Imren , Ince Mine
Published: August 2020

A series of SubPcs comprising a carboxylic acid anchoring group at the peripheral (SubPc 1–2) or axial position (SubPc 3) were synthesized and used as sensitizers for photocatalytic H2 production, for the first time.
Isothermally crystallized perovskites at room-temperature
Authors: Wang Kai , Wu Congcong , Hou Yuchen , Yang Dong , Ye Tao , Yoon Jungjin , Sanghadasa Mohan , Priya Shashank
Published: August 2020

We have developed a paradigm methodology that can isothermally crystallize halide perovskites at room temperature.
Superior energy density through tailored dopant strategies in multilayer ceramic capacitors
Authors: Lu Zhilun , Wang Ge , Bao Weichao , Li Jinglei , Li Linhao , Mostaed Ali , Yang Huijing , Ji Hongfen , Li Dejun , Feteira Antonio , Xu Fangfang , Sinclair Derek C. , Wang Dawei , Liu Shi-Yu , Reaney Ian M.
Published: August 2020

Tailored dopant strategies are proposed to optimise the energy density of BiFeO3–SrTiO3, which can be adapted for other high polarisability oxide-based systems.
Temperature and salinity jointly drive the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: a challenge to environmental risk assessment under global climate change
Authors: Lai Racliffe Weng Seng , Yung Mana Man Na , Zhou Guang-Jie , He Yan Ling , Ng Alan Man Ching , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Shih Kaimin , Leung Kenneth Mei Yee
Published: August 2020

Temperature and salinity can significantly modulate physicochemical properties and toxicity of ZnO-NPs. Existing water quality criteria are inadequately protective towards marine organisms, especially in estuaries and under global climate change.
Finding building water quality challenges in a 7 year old green school: implications for building design, sampling, and remediation
Authors: Ra Kyungyeon , Odimayomi Tolulope , Ley Christian , Aw Tiong Gim , Rose Joan B. , Whelton Andrew J.
Published: August 2020

Water safety was investigated at a school certified as a green building.
miR-497 regulates fatty acid synthesis via LATS2 in bovine mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Chen Zhi , Chu Shuangfeng , Liang Yusheng , Xu Tianle , Sun Yujia , Li Mingxun , Zhang Huimin , Wang XiaoLong , Mao Yongjiang , Loor Juan J. , Wu Yun , Yang Zhangping
Published: August 2020

Both mRNA and miRNA play an important role in the regulation of mammary fatty acid metabolism and milk fat synthesis.
Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC06 in naturally fermented pickles prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by stabilizing the gut–liver axis in mice
Authors: Mu Jianfei , Tan Fang , Zhou Xianrong , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2020

Herein, we used a HFD/F to induce NAFLD in mice and intervened with CQPC06 to determine the preventive effect of CQPC06 on NAFLD and its potential regulatory mechanism.
A role for terpenoid cyclization in the atom economical polymerization of terpenoids with sulfur to yield durable composites
Authors: Maladeniya Charini P. , Karunarathna Menisha S. , Lauer Moira K. , Lopez Claudia V. , Thiounn Timmy , Smith Rhett C.
Published: August 2020

Terpenoid cyclization reactions were observed in the course of reacting terpenes and sulfur to yield durable composites.
Multiscale modelling reveals higher charge transport efficiencies of DNA relative to RNA independent of mechanism
Authors: Aggarwal Abhishek , Bag Saientan , Venkatramani Ravindra , Jain Manish , Maiti Prabal K.
Published: August 2020

In this study, we compare the charge transport properties of multiple (double stranded) dsRNA sequences with corresponding dsDNA sequences.
A water-soluble sunlight erasable ink based on [4 + 4] cycloaddition of 9-substituted anthracene
Authors: Lu Haipeng , Wang Xiang , Zhou Xianjing , Zhang Wei , Wang Xinping
Published: August 2020

Here we report a water-soluble sunlight erasable ink based on 9-substituted anthracene for applications in data confidentiality or paper reuse.
Simultaneous tuning of optical and electrical properties in a multifunctional LiNbO3 matrix upon doping with Eu3+ ions
Authors: Pathak Nimai , Ghosh Partha Sarathi , Mukherjee Sumanta , Mandal Balaji Prasad
Published: August 2020

PL and dielectric studies have been carried out on LiNbO3 and Eu3+:LiNbO3 compounds with a special focus on simultaneous tuning of optical and electrical properties for their potential application in optical–electrical integration.
Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of azacycloheptane sulfonamide derivatives as potential orexin receptor antagonists
Authors: Guo Bin , Xiu Jingya , Shen Yi , Li Qingeng
Published: August 2020

Azacycloheptane sulfonamide derivatives are promising scaffolds for the development of OX1R and OX2R antagonists.
A density functional theory study on silver and bis-silver complexes with lighter tetrylene: are silver and bis-silver carbenes candidates for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition? Insight from molecular docking simulation
Authors: Bui Thanh Q. , Phuong Loan Huynh Thi , Ai My Tran Thi , Quang Duong Tuan , Phuong Thuy Bui Thi , Nhan Vo Duy , Quy Phan Tu , Van Tat Pham , Dao Duy Quang , Trung Nguyen Tien , Huynh Lam K. , Ai Nhung Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2020

Simultaneous inhibition of silver–carbene complexes to ACE2 and PDB6LU7 is conducive for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a virtual prediction.
Molecular targets and anticancer activity of quinoline–chalcone hybrids: literature review
Authors: Mohamed Mamdouh F. A. , Abuo-Rahma Gamal El-Din A.
Published: August 2020

α,β-Unsaturated chalcone moieties and quinoline scaffolds play an important role in medicinal chemistry, especially in the identification and development of potential anticancer agents.
One-step production of N–O–P–S co-doped porous carbon from bean worms for supercapacitors with high performance
Authors: Bian Zhentao , Wu Chunjie , Yuan Chenglong , Wang Ying , Zhao Guangzhen , Wang Hongyan , Xie Yong , Wang Cong , Zhu Guang , Chen Chong
Published: August 2020

Bean worms, a pest in bean fields, were innovatively employed as a precursor via a one-step method to prepare N–O–P–S co-doped porous carbon materials.
Influence of the chitosan morphology on the properties of acrylic cements and their biocompatibility
Authors: Zamora Lagos Sara Isabel , Murillo Salas Jefferson , Valencia Zapata Mayra Eliana , Mina Hernandez José Herminsul , Valencia Carlos Humberto , Rojo Luis , Grande Tovar Carlos David
Published: August 2020

Acrylic bone cements (ABC) are materials widely used in orthopedics and biomedical applications.
A supramolecular aggregation-based constitutional dynamic network for information processing
Authors: Lin Xiao , Yang Shu , Huang Dan , Guo Chen , Chen Die , Yang Qianfan , Li Feng
Published: August 2020

We constructed a supramolecular cyanine MTC aggregation-based constitutional dynamic network, which can transform the chemical information into image information reversibly.
Using light intensity to control reaction kinetics and reversibility in photomechanical crystals
Authors: Easley Connor J. , Tong Fei , Dong Xinning , Al-Kaysi Rabih O. , Bardeen Christopher J.
Published: August 2020

The chemical and mechanical recovery rates of crystalline 4-fluoro-9-anthracenecarboxylic acid, a thermally reversible photomechanical material, can be controlled by both the intensity of the photodimerization pulse and the use of a weak hold beam.
Effect of polymer–nanoparticle interaction on strain localization in polymer nanopillars
Authors: Yang Entao , Ivancic Robert J. S. , Lin Emily Y. , Riggleman Robert A.
Published: August 2020

We used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effect of NPs on the tendency of polymer nanopillar to form a shear band and found the polymer–NP interactions have a surprisingly strong effect on the location of a shear band in the sample.
Effect of side-chain length on solute encapsulation by amphiphilic heterografted brush copolymers
Authors: Garcia Elena A. , Luo Hanying , Mack Courtney E. , Herrera-Alonso Margarita
Published: August 2020

Anisotropic nanomaterials are non-spherical structures that possess unique shape-dependent physicochemical properties and functionalities.
Fe–Ni foams self-heal during redox cycling via reversible formation/homogenization of a ductile Ni scaffold
Authors: Wilke Stephen K. , Dunand David C.
Published: August 2020

Alloying Fe foams with Ni creates a self-healing effect of lamellar structure for extended high-temperature redox cycling via H2/H2O.
CircTHBS1 targeting miR-211/CCND2 pathway to promote cell proliferation and migration potential in primary cystitis glandularis cells
Authors: Ma Yue , Shan Zhengfei , Liu Ying , Shao Honggang , Xin Yupeng , He Kai , Jiang Shichun , Wang Yaodong
Published: August 2020

The pathogenesis of cystitis glandular (CG) is unclear, but it is generally considered to be a neoplastic lesion of urothelial hyperplasia formed by long-term chronic stimulation. There is growing evidence that circRNAs play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. However, there are few reports on the role and molecular mechanism of circRNA in CG. In the present study, we first isolated primary cells from CG tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Further experiments showed that CircTHBS1 was up-regulated in primary CG cells (pCGs). The results of CCK-8 showed that the overexpression of CircTHBS1 promoted the viability of pCGs, while the deletion of CircTHBS1 reduced the cell viability. Knocking out CircTHBS1 also inhibited the migration of pCGs. In addition, we demonstrated that CircTHBS1 played a role in the adsorption of miR-211 by “sponge” in pCG. In turn, miR-211 can directly target CYCLIN D2 (CCND2) 3′UTR to perform its function. Finally, we confirmed the role and mechanism of CircTHBS1/miR-211/CCND2 regulation axis in pCGs. In summary, our study is the first to reveal the role and underlying mechanism of CircTHBS1 in CG, providing a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for human CG.
Cirrhosis and insulin resistance: current knowledge, pathophysiological mechanisms, complications and potential treatments
Authors: Clarembeau Frédéric , Bale Georgia , Lanthier Nicolas
Published: August 2020

End-stage chronic liver diseases are often associated with insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Indeed, to quantify insulin sensitivity the euglycemic clamp technique was utilized, allowing the following to be stated: in small groups of patients, an IR in almost all cirrhotic patients can be observed, compared with a control group. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that IR in cirrhosis is linked to a decreased peripheral (muscle) glucose uptake rather than an increased liver glucose production. The homoeostasis model of IR (HOMA-IR) technique, devised only later, was then exploited to assess this same phenomenon in a larger sample population. The research established that even in patients with preserved liver function, cirrhosis is associated with significant alterations in glucose homoeostasis levels. The purpose of the present paper is to present the current research around the affiliation of cirrhosis and IR, discuss potential mechanisms explaining the association between cirrhosis and IR (i.e. endocrine perturbation, liver inflammation, altered muscle mass and composition, altered gut microbiota and permeability), complications that can arise as well as treatment options, through a critical review of the literature surrounding this subject. This research will also be investigating the beneficial impact, if there is any, of identifying and curing IR in patients with cirrhosis.
SPInS, a pipeline for massive stellar parameter inference
Authors: Lebreton Y. , Reese D. R.
Published: August 2020

Context. Stellar parameters are required in a variety of contexts, ranging from the characterisation of exoplanets to Galactic archaeology. Among them, the age of stars cannot be directly measured, while the mass and radius can be measured in some particular cases (e.g. binary systems, interferometry). More generally, stellar ages, masses, and radii have to be inferred from stellar evolution models by appropriate techniques.

Aims. We have designed a Python tool named SPInS. It takes a set of photometric, spectroscopic, interferometric, and/or asteroseismic observational constraints and, relying on a stellar model grid, provides the age, mass, and radius of a star, among others, as well as error bars and correlations. We make the tool available to the community via a dedicated website.

Methods. SPInS uses a Bayesian approach to find the probability distribution function of stellar parameters from a set of classical constraints. At the heart of the code is a Markov chain Monte Carlo solver coupled with interpolation within a pre-computed stellar model grid. Priors can be considered, such as the initial mass function or stellar formation rate. SPInS can characterise single stars or coeval stars, such as members of binary systems or of stellar clusters.

Results. We first illustrate the capabilities of SPInS by studying stars that are spread over the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We then validate the tool by inferring the ages and masses of stars in several catalogues and by comparing them with literature results. We show that in addition to the age and mass, SPInS can efficiently provide derived quantities, such as the radius, surface gravity, and seismic indices. We demonstrate that SPInS can age-date and characterise coeval stars that share a common age and chemical composition.

Conclusions. The SPInS tool will be very helpful in preparing and interpreting the results of large-scale surveys, such as the wealth of data expected or already provided by space missions, such as Gaia, Kepler, TESS, and PLATO.
Quelle place pour les petits exploitants dans l’agriculture contractuelle ? Le cas de la tomate industrielle en Algérie
Authors: Assassi Sami , Daoudi Ali , Colin Jean-Philippe
Published: August 2020

Les travaux portant sur l’inclusion des petits exploitants dans l’agriculture contractuelle dans le monde dressent des constats contradictoires. En Algérie, l’État a engagé en 2009 un programme d’appui à l’intégration des filières lait et tomate industrielle, en accordant des primes aux entreprises et aux agriculteurs qui s’engagent ensemble dans des contrats de commercialisation. L’adhésion des agriculteurs et des entreprises à ce dispositif contractuel a été importante dès son lancement, mais qu’en est-il du développement de contrats de production et de l’intégration des petits producteurs ? Nous avons étudié le dispositif contractuel mis en place par la plus grande conserverie de tomate en Algérie (CAB) dans le plus grand bassin de production de tomate industrielle du pays (wilaya de Guelma), avec des enquêtes portant sur la moitié de ses contractants (184/368) et des producteurs hors contrat de la région (58/115). L’étude témoigne du rôle déterminant de la prime dans l’adhésion de l’entreprise et des agriculteurs au contrat de commercialisation. Elle augmente le prix aux producteurs et les motive à livrer leur production à l’entreprise, sécurisant ainsi les approvisionnements de cette dernière. Cette forte participation au contrat de commercialisation a incité la CAB à proposer aux agriculteurs des contrats de production. Les petits producteurs, pourtant majoritaires, y participent très peu, pour des raisons mises en évidence dans l’article.
L’agroécosystème et les génies chez les Sèmè du Burkina Faso. Réflexion sur la notion de services écosystémiques culturels
Authors: Fournier Anne
Published: August 2020

Cet article montre qu’une lecture des pratiques et des paysages par l’approche des services écosystémiques culturels dans des sociétés traditionnelles se heurte à une incompatibilité des prémisses, celles de l’approche occidentale scientifique étant très différentes de celles des représentations villageoises. La démonstration part d’une pratique de conservation de l’arbuste de jachère Pteleopsis suberosa à des fins culturelles religieuses par les membres de la société sèmè, un groupe de cultivateurs du Burkina Faso. Cette porte d’entrée conduit à mettre au jour différents niveaux de représentations relatifs à la terre, à l’être humain et à l’invisible. Il est montré que si leur attribution à des classes de services écosystémiques est formellement possible, on manque l’essentiel si l’on se contente de cela. L’article discute l’aporie qui consiste à appliquer à une société une construction théorique élaborée selon le mode de pensée d’une autre.
A Phenomenological Model of Effectively Oscillating Massless Neutrinos and Its Implications
Authors: Lu Jianlong , Chan Aik Hui , Oh Choo Hiap
Published: August 2020

We discuss an alternative picture of neutrino oscillation. In this phenomenological model, the flavor-changing phenomena of massless neutrinos arise from scattering processes between neutrinos and four types of undetected spin-0 massive particles pervading throughout the Universe, instead of neutrinos’ own nature. These scattering processes are kinematically similar to Compton scattering. One type of left-handed massless sterile neutrino is needed in order to reproduce the neutrino oscillation modes predicted in the theory of neutrino mixing. Implications of our model include the existence of sterile neu- trinos, the nonconservation of active neutrinos, the possible mismatch among three neutrino mass squared diﬀerences ∆m2ij interpreted in the theory of neutrino mixing, the spacetime dependence of neutrino oscillation, and the impossibility of neutrinoless double beta decay. Several important open problems in neutrino physics become trivial or less severe in our model, such as the smallness of neutrino masses, neutrino mass hierarchy, the mechanism responsible for neutrino masses, and the Dirac/Majorana nature of neutrinos.
Hot Magnetic Stars in Exotic Multiple Systems
Authors: Semenko Eugene
Published: August 2020

A strong and stable magnetic field covering the whole surface is a landmark of chemically peculiar or CP stars. To explain the origin of mag- netic stars, several hypotheses were proposed, which depending on the mech- anism and time of formation can be grouped into three main. The magnetic field may originate in the protostellar medium (“fossil field”), turbulent layers of a star (“dynamo” mechanism) or in the other environment. In either scenario, binary stars appear as a merit of its reliability. Recent advances in observational astrophysics uncovered a bunch of new binary magnetic stars that were considered as rare before. We outline the results of studies of exotic binary and multiple systems with magnetic CP components: HD 6757, HD 34736, and HD 40759.
Development of a Radio Telescope for Very Low Frequency Observations
Authors: Gupta Arpit , Kit Hint Seow , Shangyu Cao , Tan Hoe Teck
Published: August 2020

Sudden ionospheric disturbances are transient changes in the ionosphere caused by enhancement in X-ray and EUV fluxes during solar flare events. The Solar Storm Radio Telescope is developed to detect Very Low Frequency (VLF) signals with frequency between 3-30 kHz transmitted from various VLF stations around the Globe. We will also be investigating different methods to reduce the background noise in the data collection. This will help to ensure an accurate hit when there is a sudden ionospheric disturbance.
Search for Stellar Streams in The Galactic Halo From Gaia DR2, GALAH DR2, RAVE DR5 and LAMOST DR4 Data
Authors: Made Kartika Wijayanti Ni , Ikbal Arifyanto Mochamad , Annisa Nur
Published: August 2020

Stellar streams are stars which are trapped in the same potensial caused by dynamical resonance or tidal force. We aim to analyze kinematic sub- structures (streams) in the Galactic halo by V vs √ U2+ 2V 2 planes of Arifyanto & Fuchs. We crossmatched data from Gaia DR2, GALAH DR2, RAVE DR5 and LAMOST DR4 based on positions. We have 3D kinematics and metallicity data of halo stars selected from kinematics criteria from ratio of probability of thick disk (TD) over halo (H) less than 0.01. Substructures are detected by using wavelet transformation and corrected using 15 Monte Carlo simulations. We obtained four kinematic structures on V vs √U2 + 2V 2 plane which two of them are associated to BB17-1 and BB17-2 streams. All the streams had a high probability from the extragalactic origin.
La présentation sur ribosome
Authors: Lagoutte Priscillia
Published: August 2020

La présentation sur ribosome (en anglais, ribosome display) est une méthode d’évolution moléculaire et de sélection de banques peptidiques et protéiques. Le ribosome display est réalisé in vitro dans un milieu acellulaire et repose sur la formation d’un complexe ternaire ribonucléoprotéique entre l’ARN, le ribosome et la protéine. Le ribosome display est devenu de nos jours l’une des méthodes de présentation les plus utilisées. Elle a notamment permis le criblage et la sélection de peptides, de protéines, d’échafaudages moléculaires afin d’améliorer leur affinité, leur spécificité, leur activité catalytique ou même leur stabilité. Cette revue présente la mise en œuvre du ribosome display et les applications qui découlent de l’utilisation de cette technologie.
ADN et portait-robot : où en est-on ?
Authors: Jordan Bertrand
Published: August 2020

The prediction of a person’s aspect from analysis of an anonymous DNA sample has made significant progress in the last decade. Pigmentation (eyes, hair and, more recently, skin colour) can now be determined with good accuracy; face shape is still not amenable to prediction (except, in general lines, from ancestry). Age can apparently also be determined from methylation profiles. Police forces are, understandably, very interested in this technology, with a tendency to over-estimate its accuracy. Legislation varies greatly, with some nations opting for complete prohibition (Germany) and others allowing wide application of the approach (United Kingdom).
Strukturierte Erfassung von Unterstützungsangeboten
für Lungenkrebs- und Schlaganfallbetroffene in Berlin
Authors: Gödde Kathrin , Fügemann Hella , Müller-Nordhorn Jacqueline , Grimberg Marion , Goerling Ute , Siegerink Bob , Rieckmann Nina , Holmberg Christine
Published: August 2020

Ziel Es soll untersucht werden, welche Arten an
Unterstützungsangeboten neben der direkten
medizinisch-therapeutischen Versorgung für Betroffene der
altersassoziierten Erkrankungen Lungenkrebs und Schlaganfall und deren
Angehörige, in der Region Berlin, zur Verfügung stehen. In
diesem Rahmen wurden auch relevante Unterstützungsthemen für
diese Patientengruppen und Barrieren für die Nutzung von
Unterstützungsangeboten aus der Perspektive von Experten der
Versorgung betrachtet.

Methodik Es erfolgte eine strukturierte Suche nach
Unterstützungsangeboten, welche Lungenkrebs- und
Schlaganfallpatienten und ihren Angehörigen im Umgang mit der neuen
krankheitsbezogenen Lebenssituation in Berlin zur Verfügung stehen.
Dafür wurden unterschiedliche Quellen, wie Internetrecherche und
Printsuche genutzt sowie Experteninterviews und ein Gruppengespräch
durchgeführt. Identifizierte Angebote wurden in Bezug auf ihre
Zielgruppe verifiziert und Informationen per Fragebogen eingeholt. Die
Experteninterviews und das Gruppengespräch wurden zusätzlich
genutzt, um Unterstützungsthemen sowie Hürden der Nutzung
von Angeboten aufzunehmen.

Ergebnisse In Berlin wurden für Patienten mit Lungenkrebs und
Schlaganfall und ihre Angehörigen 150 Unterstützungsangebote
identifiziert. Diese bieten Unterstützung unter anderem in den
Bereichen Informationsvermittlung und Beratung, Hilfe bei der Organisation
und Koordination der neuen Lebenssituation sowie psychosoziale Hilfe. Als
Hürden der Nutzung wurden unter anderem fehlende oder nicht an den
Bildungsstand angepasste Informationen über
Leistungsansprüche, die Unkenntnis des
Unterstützungsangebots und räumliche Entfernung genannt.

Schlussfolgerung Eine Reihe an Angeboten ist in Berlin vorhanden um
unterschiedliche Unterstützungsbedarfe von Schlaganfall- und
Lungenkrebspatienten und ihren Angehörigen abzudecken, welche
aufgrund der neuen Gesundheits- und Lebenssituation entstehen
können. Durch flächendeckende Information über
dieses bestehende Angebot und eine regionale Verfügbarkeit kann die
Nutzung von Unterstützung durch Betroffene optimiert werden.
Einsatzmöglichkeiten der freien mikrochirurgischen Fibulatransplantation in der Rekonstruktion komplexer ossärer Defekte an den Extremitäten – Literaturübersicht und Fallserie
Authors: Sauerbier Michael , Kuz Nikolai , Maldonado Andres A. , Hoffmann Reinhard
Published: August 2020

Hintergrund Langstreckige ossäre Defekte der Extremitäten nach Trauma und Tumorresektion stellen eine große Herausforderung an das plastisch-rekonstruktiv tätige Chirurgenteam dar. Die Defektrekonstruktion mittels freier mikrochirurgischer Fibulatransplantation ist eine Standardmethode, bleibt jedoch mit einer nicht unerheblichen Komplikationsrate behaftet. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, eine aktuelle Übersicht zu den diversen Rekonstruktionsverfahren zu geben und anhand einer persönlichen Fallserie die eigenen Erfahrungen mit der freien Fibulatransplantation mitzuteilen.

Patienten und Methoden Die Literaturrecherche zum Thema erfolgte über Pubmed und Web of Science, die retrospektive Datenerhebung des Eigenkollektivs des Seniorautors (MS) unter Einbeziehung von klinischen und radiologischen Daten.

Ergebnisse Von 2007 bis 2018 wurde bei 11 Patienten eine freie Fibulatransplantation durchgeführt. In 4 Fällen war eine Pseudarthrose, in 3 eine Osteitis und in 2 Fällen ein Tumor für die Defektentstehung an den Extremitätenknochen ursächlich. Bei 2 Patienten lag eine Defektfraktur infolge eines Hochenergietraumas vor. In 9 Fällen war die obere, in 2 die untere Extremität betroffen. Bei 4 Patienten wurde ein osteoseptokutanes Transplantat entnommen, bei 2 davon kam es zum Verlust der Hautinsel postoperativ. Die Längen der Fibulatransplantate betrugen zwischen 5 und 22 cm. In allen Fällen war die knöcherne Integration des Transplantats vollständig. Das nach Physiotherapie erzielte Bewegungsausmaß der betroffenen Extremität war sehr gut bis befriedigend.

Schlussfolgerung Die langstreckige ossäre Defektrekonstruktion mittels freier Fibula ist zweifelsohne eine Standardmethode, bedarf bei beschriebener hoher Komplikationsrate eine strenge Indikationsstellung unter Berücksichtigung alternativer Verfahren. Eine enge Kooperation zwischen plastisch-rekonstruktiven und unfallchirurgisch-orthopädischen Disziplinen ist unverzichtbar.
Clinical Problem Solving and Using New Paths in the Laboratory: Learning from Case Studies
Authors: Lämmle Bernhard
Published: August 2020

Three selected casuistic studies of individual patient problems from my long-standing professional experience are presented. I intend to highlight the potential contribution of case studies, including new approaches of laboratory investigation, for the advancement of pathophysiological knowledge and would encourage to “rehabilitate” the low academic profile generally attributed to “case reports.”