bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive and Z-operators on Closed Convex Cones
Authors: Orlitzky Michael
Published: May 2019

Let $K$ be a closed convex cone with dual $\dual{K}$ in a finite-dimensional real Hilbert space. A \emph{positive operator} on $K$ is a linear operator $L$ such that $L\of{K} \subseteq K$. Positive operators generalize the nonnegative matrices and are essential to the Perron-Frobenius theory. It is said that $L$ is a \emph{\textbf{Z}-operator} on $K$ if % \begin{equation*} \ip{L\of{x}}{s} \le 0 \;\text{ for all } \pair{x}{s} \in \cartprod{K}{\dual{K}} \text{ such that } \ip{x}{s} = 0. \end{equation*} % The \textbf{Z}-operators are generalizations of \textbf{Z}-matrices (whose off-diagonal elements are nonpositive) and they arise in dynamical systems, economics, game theory, and elsewhere. In this paper, the positive and \textbf{Z}-operators are connected. This extends the work of Schneider, Vidyasagar, and Tam on proper cones, and reveals some interesting similarities between the two families.
Cleaning up the Dirty Squad: Using the Obscene Publications Act as a Weapon of Social Control
Authors: Bleakley Paul
Published: May 2019

Formed as a result of the introduction of theObscene Publications Act 1959, the Obscene Publications Squad – known colloquially as the “Dirty Squad” – controlled a web of corruption and managed the proliferation of pornography in the Central London district of Soho. Although its reputation for corruption was the primary reason for the vice unit's notoriety, their role in applying social control also had a profound impact on London society during the 1960s and 1970s. During this period, the Dirty Squad mounted a campaign against the underground press and their influence on the counterculture. It is suggested that these investigations were designed to provide a cover for the vice squad's inaction against pornographers; by focusing attention on more radical elements of the city's counterculture, the Dirty Squad gave the impression that they were taking action whilst simultaneously allowing their corrupt partners in the vice industry to continue in their business unabated.
Peran foto toraks sebagai alat bantu diagnostik pada fase akut penyakit Kawasaki
Authors: Advani Najib , Santoso Lucyana Alim
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang. Belum ada pemeriksaan penunjang yang dapat memastikan diagnosis penyakit Kawasaki (PK) yang saat ini ditegakkan menggunakan kriteria klinis. Pemeriksaan penunjang tambahan dapat membantu dalam menegakkan diagnosis, meskipun tidak definitif.Tujuan. Mengetahui apakah foto toraks dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu diagnostik pada  penyakit Kawasaki.Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian retrospektif data rekam medis pasien penyakit Kawasaki di beberapa rumah sakit sejak Januari 2003 hingga Desember 2018. Kriteria inklusi adalah anak yang memenuhi kriteria diagnostik penyakit Kawasaki dari American Heart Association baik komplit maupun inkomplit serta memiliki data lengkap klinis, ekokardiografi dan foto toraks.Hasil.Terdapat 916 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan 786 (86%) diantaranya memiliki kelainan foto toraks. Kelainan terbanyak yang dijumpai adalah bercak infiltrat bilateral (84%). Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna pada frekuensi kelainan foto dada pada PK komplit maupun inkomplit.Kesimpulan. Tingginya angka kejadian kelainan paru pada foto toraks anak dengan PK, maka foto toraks dapat digunakan sebagai alat diagnostik tambahan pada kasus PK inkomplit.
Hubungan Parameter Antropometri dengan Nilai Arus Puncak Ekspirasi pada Remaja di Surakarta
Authors: Putra David Anggara , Salimo Harsono , Andarini Ismiranti
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang. Obesitas saat ini menjadi tantangan utama bagi tenaga kesehatan. Prevalensi anak dan remaja dengan obesitas semakin meningkat. Keadaan obesitas berpengaruh pada beberapa parameter fisiologi sistem pernapasan. Salah satu indikator penilaian status respirasi dengan menggunakan nilai arus puncak ekspirasi. Penelitian tentang obesitas dan sistem pernapasan pada anak masih kontroversial. Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan parameter antropometri dengan nilai arus puncak ekspirasi pada remaja.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan studi potong lintang. Subjek penelitian merupakan siswa SMP usia 13 tahun sampai 18 tahun diambil mulai bulan September - Desember 2018. Pengambilan subyek penelitian dengan simple random sampling. Variabel bebas adalah antropometri meliputi berat badan, tinggi badan, indeks masa tubuh serta lingkar pinggang sedangkan variabel terikat adalah nilai arus puncak ekspirasi. Hasil. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 134 siswa dengan laki-laki 57 (42,5%) dan perempuan 77 (52,5%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan berat badan, tinggi badan, indeks masa tubuh dan lingkar pinggang berhubungan signifikan secara statistik dengan nilai p, yaitu 0,040; <0,001; <0,001; <0,001. Dari analisis multivariat diketahui berat badan, tinggi badan, umur, lingkar pinggang dan IMT secara bersama-sama berpengaruh dengan nilai arus puncak ekspirasi (r2=0,370; p<0,001)Kesimpulan. Semakin tinggi nilai antropometri (berat badan, indeks masa tubuh dan lingkar pinggang} mempunyai nilai arus puncak ekspirasi semakin rendah.
Diabetes Melitus Tipe-1 pada Anak: Situasi di Indonesia dan Tata Laksana
Authors: Pulungan Aman Bhakti , Annisa Diadra , Imada Sirma
Published: May 2019

Insidens Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Tipe-1 pada anak di dunia dan Indonesia terus meningkat. Berdasarkan data Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI), tercatat 1220 dengan DM tipe-1 pada tahun 2018. Kesadaran masyarakat dan tenaga kesehatan mengenai DM pada anak masih rendah, yang direfleksikan melalui tingginya angka anak yang terdiagnosis dengan DM tipe-1 saat mengalami ketoasidosis diabetikum mencapai 71% pada tahun 2017. Berdasarkan pedoman IDAI, terdapat lima pilar penanganan DM tipe-1 pada anak: injeksi insulin, pemantauan gula darah, nutrisi, aktivitas fisik, dan edukasi. IDAI merekomendasikan insulin minimal dua kali per hari menggunakan insulin basal dan kerja cepat. Pemantauan gula darah mandiri dilakukan minimal 4-6 kali per hari. Keterlibatan pemegang kebijakan, termasuk pemerintah, dan dukungan masyarakat dibutuhkan agar anak dengan DM tipe 1 tertangani dengan baik.
Entre Freire e Castells: pensando o caso dos pré-universitários/vestibulares populares
Authors: Wolpato Loureiro Camila
Published: May 2019

Os Pré-Universitários/Vestibulares Populares (PUP/PVP) de matriz freireana2 estão diretamente associados a uma busca esperançosa de transformação social e democratização do acesso ao ensino superior. Em contraposição às políticas neoliberalizantes dos anos 1990, camadas populares passaram a estabelecer redes de indignação - frente a tais políticas excludentes - e de esperanças de mudança do quadro desesperador que foi colocado. De modo geral, este trabalho visa contribuir com a história da educação e do acesso a ela, estabelecendo um panorama de análise dos cursos PUP/PVP ligados às universidades federais no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Além disso, visa estabelecer diálogo e troca de experiências entre essas redes constituídas pelos PUP/PVP para a promoção de uma rede maior que compreenda buscas e inquietações comuns como espaços de luta e resistência das camadas populares.
Concepções de felicidade e tragédia na música raiz sertaneja como educação entre sujeitos
Authors: Santana Antonio de Jesus , Oliveira de Vasconcelos Valéria
Published: May 2019

O trabalho apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado em Educação que teve como objetivo levantar as concepções de "felicidade" e "tragédia" presentes na música raiz sertaneja, identificando algumas canções que portam essas ideias, além de compreender se elas podem ser vistas como elementos de educação entre sujeitos nos domínios da educação popular. A coleta de dados deu-se por meio de rodas de conversa com integrantes de um grupo de violeiros do interior paulista, apoiada na pesquisa participante. A bibliografia baseou-se nas teorias, princípios e conceitos pedagógicos pela perspectiva libertadora, com ênfase na participação do sujeito autônomo. Sob a égide dos sentidos e experiências trazidos pela música raiz sertaneja, apontaram-se caminhos que, por meio de atividades propositivas, reflexivas e organizadas, suscitam práticas educativas no âmbito da educação popular.
Debitus grisailles for stained-glass conservation: an analytical study
Authors: Machado Carla , Machado Andreia , Palomar Teresa , Alves Luís Cerqueira , Vilarigues Márcia
Published: May 2019

Grisaille is one of the oldest and most widely used vitreous paint applied for the production of stained-glass panels and Debitus is one of the most renowned commercial brands whose grisailles are frequently used for the chromatic reintegration in stained-glass window restoration. This article presents the morphological, chemical and thermal analyses of five grisailles from Debitus, to evaluate their properties before and after firing with the objective of knowing their future stability. The characterisation was carried out by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, particle induced X-ray emission, X-ray diffraction, and infrared thermography. This study showed a well-balanced ratio between the different components and a good interdiffusion into the glass, as well as a consistent thermal behaviour between them and with the glass, which indicates the good stability and durability of these materials.
Crystallization behavior of SiO2–P2O5–CaO–MgO–Na2O–K2O bioactive glass powder
Authors: Fiume Elisa , Verné Enrica , Baino Francesco
Published: May 2019

The crystallization process of a bioactive silicate glass with 47.5SiO2-10Na2O-10K2O-10MgO-20CaO-2.5P2O5molar composition was investigated by using nonisothermal differential t hermal a nalysis (DTA). T he DTA plots recorded at different heating rates exhibited a single crystallization peak. The activation energy for crystallization was estimated by applying the equations proposed by Kissinger and Matusita-Sakka. The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami exponent (n) was assessed by using the Ozawa and Augis-Bennett methods. The analyses suggest that a surface crystallization mechanism with one-dimensional crystal growth is predominant. The activation energy for viscous flow was also assessed (176 kJ/mol) and was found lower than the activation energy for crystallization (271 kJ/mol). This confirms the stability of 47.5B against crystallization and its good sinterability, which is a highly attractive feature for producing glass products of biomedical interest, such as bioactive porous scaffolds for bone repair.
Property in Digital Coins
Authors: Allen J.G.
Published: May 2019

Digital coins have burst into mainstream awareness recently, mainly as a result of high-worth ‘Initial Coin Offerings’ (‘ICOs’). The most immediate question in the legal treatment of digital coins is whether they are properly seen as digital ‘commodities’, and/or as ‘securities’, and/or as units of ‘money’. But the conceptual underpinnings of these categories are not clear, nor is it clear how these categories relate to each other; no legal system currently deals adequately with incorporeal objects as objects of property law. This category includes not only digital coins but also some forms of conventional money and securities. Establishing a satisfactory account of their treatment in property law is therefore a necessary first step to incorporating digital coins into private law theory. I argue that this task is best approached on the basis of a plausible ontology of incorporeal objects, including those embodied in paper (i.e. banknotes and conventional securities) and those that exist natively in ‘cyberspace’ (i.e. electronic ‘book-money’, modern securities, and now digital coins). We therefore urgently need to develop a plausible account of a how packets of data can be treated as an object of property rights. Using a comparative analysis of English law and Civilian law (particularly German) concepts of property as an entry point into this complex of problems, I explore the ontology of incorporeal objects and the role of documentation in their creation and maintenance as part of the ‘ontic furniture’ of our economic world. I explore the conceptual basis of property in digital coins in terms of a new category of property. Such a category is long overdue and will be increasingly important in the future.
What are the correlates of body image distortion and dissatisfaction among school-adolescents?
Authors: Ben Ayed Houda , Yaich Sourour , Ben Jemaa Maissa , Ben Hmida Mariem , Trigui Maroua , Jedidi Jihene , Sboui Imen , Karray Raouf , Feki Habib , Mejdoub Yosra , Kassis Mondher , Damak Jamel
Published: May 2019

Background

Body image is considered as central to many aspects of human functioning including emotions, thoughts, behaviors and relationships. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of body image distortion and dissatisfaction among adolescents and to assess their main determinants.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional school-based study conducted among school-adolescents in the south of Tunisia, between October 2017 and February 2018.

Results

Among 1210 school-adolescents, body image distortion and dissatisfaction prevalence were 44.8% and 42.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that being in the 16–18 years age group [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.28, p = 0.046], low family financial situation (AOR = 1.88, p = 0.014), as well as high frequency of eating pasta (AOR = 1.3, p = 0.04) and fast-food consumption (AOR = 1.7, p = 0.042) were independently associated with under-estimated body image. Skipping breakfast (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.017) and having one obese parent (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.01) were independently associated with higher frequency of over-estimated body image. Regarding body image dissatisfaction, independent factors associated with desire to lose weight were: female gender (AOR = 1.53, p = 0.007), high income family financial situation (AOR = 2.1, p = 0.008) and having one parent who is obese (AOR = 2.21, p < 0.001). However, frequent fast-food consumption (AOR = 1.9, p = 0.038) and eating between meals (AOR = 1.57, p = 0.01) were independently associated with a higher desire to gain weight.

Conclusions

Our study highlighted that the prevalence of body image distortion and dissatisfaction were substantially high among adolescents. Their determinants included socio-demographic factors and lifestyle behaviors. Increased awareness among parents, educators and public health planners may help adolescents improve accuracy of body image attitudes.
Regression Adjustments for Estimating the Global Treatment Effect in Experiments with Interference
Authors: Chin Alex
Published: May 2019

Standard estimators of the global average treatment effect can be biased in the presence of interference. This paper proposes regression adjustment estimators for removing bias due to interference in Bernoulli randomized experiments. We use a fitted model to predict the counterfactual outcomes of global control and global treatment. Our work differs from standard regression adjustments in that the adjustment variables are constructed from functions of the treatment assignment vector, and that we allow the researcher to use a collection of any functions correlated with the response, turning the problem of detecting interference into a feature engineering problem. We characterize the distribution of the proposed estimator in a linear model setting and connect the results to the standard theory of regression adjustments under SUTVA. We then propose an estimator that allows for flexible machine learning estimators to be used for fitting a nonlinear interference functional form. We propose conducting statistical inference via bootstrap and resampling methods, which allow us to sidestep the complicated dependences implied by interference and instead rely on empirical covariance structures. Such variance estimation relies on an exogeneity assumption akin to the standard unconfoundedness assumption invoked in observational studies. In simulation experiments, our methods are better at debiasing estimates than existing inverse propensity weighted estimators based on neighborhood exposure modeling. We use our method to reanalyze an experiment concerning weather insurance adoption conducted on a collection of villages in rural China.
Two-Point Quadrature Rules for Riemann–Stieltjes Integrals with Lp
–error estimates
Authors: Alomari M.W.
Published: May 2019

In this work, we construct a new general two-point quadrature rules for the Riemann–Stieltjes integral

∫
a
b

f
(
t
)

 
d
u
 
(
t
)

$\int_a^b {f(t)} \,du\,(t)$

, where the integrand f is assumed to be satisfied with the Hölder condition on [a, b] and the integrator u is of bounded variation on [a, b]. The dual formulas under the same assumption are proved. Some sharp error Lp
–Error estimates for the proposed quadrature rules are also obtained.
Obstacle parabolic equations in non-reflexive Musielak-Orlicz spaces
Authors: Aberqi Ahmed , Bennouna Jaouad , Elmassoudi Mhamed
Published: May 2019

We prove existence of entropy solutions to general class of unilateral nonlinear parabolic equation in inhomogeneous Musielak-Orlicz spaces avoiding ceorcivity restrictions on the second lower order term. Namely, we consider

{u≥ψinQT,∂b(x,u)∂t-div(a(x,t,u,∇u))=f+div(g(x,t,u))∈L1(QT).$$\left\{ \matrix{ \matrix{ {u \ge \psi } \hfill & {{\rm{in}}} \hfill & {{Q_T},} \hfill \cr } \hfill \cr {{\partial b(x,u)} \over {\partial t}} - div\left( {a\left( {x,t,u,\nabla u} \right)} \right) = f + div\left( {g\left( {x,t,u} \right)} \right) \in {L^1}\left( {{Q_T}} \right). \hfill \cr} \right.$$

The growths of the monotone vector fielda(x,t,u, ᐁu) and the non-coercive vector fieldg(x,t,u) are controlled by a generalized nonhomogeneousN- functionM(see (3.3)-(3.6)). The approach does not require any particular type of growth ofM(neither Δ2nor ᐁ2). The proof is based on penalization method.
Importance of higher-order multipole transitions on chiral nearfield interactions
Authors: Mun Jungho , Rho Junsuk
Published: May 2019

Surface-enhanced circular dichroism (SECD) of chiral molecules adsorbed on plasmonic nanostructures can substantially enhance chiroptical molecular signals by several orders, which is otherwise very weak to be directly measured. Several mechanisms were proposed to explain this extreme enhancement, but the exact mechanism is still controversial. We investigate strong higher-order multipole contribution to SECD near plasmonic nanostructures using the superposition T-matrix method and discuss how 3-dimensional full-field simulations implementing a homogeneous chiral medium have succeeded in the reconstruction of the extreme enhancement. We also discuss how theoretical studies modeling chiral molecules based on dipole approximation have failed to reconstruct the extreme enhancement and show that SECD enhancement of such chiral dipoles is directly governed by optical chirality enhancement. In addition, strong multipolar transitions in subwavelength chiral plasmonic nanoparticles are discussed based on the T-matrix. This work reviews theoretical frameworks describing chiral molecules, demonstrates significant contribution of a multipolar transition on the extreme SECD enhancement near plasmonic nanostructures, and emphasizes the importance of a multipolar transition in chiral nearfield interaction.
The crystal structure of hexaquamagnesium(II) bis(3,4-dinitropyrazol-1-ide), C6H14MgN8O14
Authors: TianLi Liu , Jianlong Wang , Lizhen Chen , DuanLin Cao , ZhiYan Lu , NaNa Wu
Published: May 2019

C6H14MgN8O14, monoclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.1154(3) Å, b = 7.9529(4) Å, c = 9.0459(5) Å, α = 77.744(2)° β = 82.589(2)°, γ = 81.134(3)°, V = 422.67(4) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0454, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1112, T = 150 K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 2-((1-phenyl-3-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one, C23H16N2OS
Authors: Alqahtani Alaa , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M. , El-Hiti Gamal A.
Published: May 2019

C23H16N2OS, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 19.4988(9) Å, b = 19.5060(9) Å, c = 9.2893(4) Å, V = 3533.1(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0501, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1269, T = 296(2) K.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene rs1801133 C>T Polymorphisms and Lung Cancer Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Fang , Qin Guangyue , Tang Tingyu , Huang Qingdong , Li Zhijun , Huang He , Lu Xiaoling
Published: May 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility by pooling openly published data.

Methods: Electronic databases of Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Google scholar, CBM and CNKI were systematic searched to find the relevant studies related to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility. The odds of TT, CT and CC alleles in lung cancer patients compared with healthy controls was pooled by the effect size of odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) under random or fixed effect model. Publication bias was analyzed by Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test.

Results: Overall, twenty-one studies relevant to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility were included. The pooled data showed subject with T allele had significant increased risk of developing lung cancer in dominant (OR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.01-1.28, p<0.05), recessive (OR=1.26, 95%CI:1.08-1.48, p<0.01) and homologous (OR=1.36, 95%CI:1.12-1.65, p<0.01) genetic model. Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s line regression test showed significant publication bias in all genetic models.

Conclusion: Based on present data, subjects with TT or CT alleles may have increased susceptibility to lung cancer. However, due to significant publication bias, the conclusion should be drawn with caution and should be proved by further well-designed case-control or cohort studies relevant to MTHFR gene rs1801133 C>T polymorphisms and lung cancer risk.
Effect of Welding on Pitting and Intergranular Corrosion Behavior of Marine Grade Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Shamsudeen Shanavas , Dhas John Edwin Raja
Published: May 2019

AA 5052 H32 aluminum alloy is one of the most commonly used materials in the marine environment due to its good formability, good weldability, and better corrosion resistance. Assessment of resistance of welds of the alloy against corrosion is necessary for reliable design. In the present study, pitting and intergranular corrosion behavior of tungsten inert gas (TIG), normal friction stir welding (FSW), and underwater FSW (UFSW) joints of AA 5052 H32 aluminum alloy and parent alloy are investigated. Electrochemical corrosion behavior by Tafel polarization technique and intergranular corrosion susceptibility by mass loss of the specimen in concentrated nitric acid solution are studied as per ASTM standards. The corrosion studies were conducted on welded plates for which welding parameters during TIG welding and FSW were kept optimum for maximum tensile strength. The result shows that corrosion resistance of welded joints is inferior to that of parent metals. Corrosion resistance of the FSW joint and UFSW joint are nearly equal and found to be higher compared with the TIG joint. Density and size of pits formed on the parent metal and welded joints are examined via macro- and microscopic analysis and atomic force microscopic study. Results also show that the specimens welded by FSW and UFSW processes are immune to intergranular corrosion attack.
Aportes de la Universidad Santo Tomás a la institucionalización de la Sociología en Colombia en los años 60 y 70
Authors: Páez Morales Guillermo , Clavijo Parrado Gregorio , Narváez Jaimes Ginneth Esmeralda , Salazar Baena Verónica , Urra Canales Miguel
Published: May 2019

This article reflects the contributions of the Faculty of Sociology of the Santo TomásUniversity to the institutionalization of Sociology in Colombia in the Sixties and Seventies, from the analysis of the birth of the program, the first curriculum, the first teachers, the emphasis on research and student representation. As conclusions, we present the continuity and permanence of the Faculty, along with a considerable body of graduates as one of the main contributions to the institutionalization of the profession and, in addition, a reflection on plurality and polyphony when doing “sociology of sociology” in Colombia
Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Annual and PerennialGlycineSpecies
Authors: Hwang Eun-Young , Wei He , Schroeder Steven G , Fickus Edward W , Quigley Charles V , Elia Patrick , Araya Susan , Dong Faming , Costa Larissa , Ferreira Marcio Elias , Cregan Perry B , Song Qijian
Published: May 2019

We have estimated the average genetic diversity of two Glycine annual and six perennial species based upon 76 orthologous gene sets and performed phylogenetic analysis, divergence analysis and tests for departure from neutrality of the eight species using 52 orthologous gene sets. In addition, 367 orthologous gene sets were used to estimate the relationships of 11 G. canescens accessions. Among the perennials, G. canescens showed the highest nucleotide diversity. The other perennials, except for G. tomentella, had higher nucleotide diversity than the two annuals. Phylogenetic analysis of the Glycine showed a similar genome grouping with the previous report except for G. cyrtoloba and G. stenophita which formed a sister clade in the study. Divergence analysis supported the phylogenetic relationships that G. falcata was the most divergent from G. max, followed by G. cyrtoloba, G. syndetika, G. tomentella D3, G. stenophita and G. canescens. Most genic sequences were homogeneous in the levels of polymorphism and divergence between G. max and other Glycine species based on the HKA test, thus, Glycine perennials may have experienced a very similar evolution as inferred by trans-specific mutation analysis. The greater genetic diversity of most perennial Glycine species and their origins from the warmer and drier climates of Australia suggests the perennials maybe a potential source of heat and drought resistance that will be of value in the face of climate change.
Atsisveikinant su iškiliu baltų archeologijos ir istorijos tyrinėtoju (Ēvalds Mugurēvičs)
Authors: Michelbertas Mykolas
Published: May 2019

[text in Lithuanian]
Fortified Settlements in the Eastern Baltic: From Earlier Research to New Interpretations
Authors: Lang Valter
Published: May 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]

A brief history of research and earlier interpretations of fortified settlements east of the Baltic Sea are provided in the first part of the article. The earlier research has resulted in the identification of the main area of the distribution of fortified settlements, the main chronology in the Late Bronze and Pre-Roman Iron Ages, and their general cultural and economic character. It has been thought that the need for protection – either because of outside danger or social tensions in society – was the main reason for the foundation of fortified sites. The second part of the article adds a new possibility of interpreting the phenomenon of fortified settlements, proceeding from ethnogenesis of the Finnic and Baltic peoples. It is argued that new material culture forms that took shape in the Late Bronze Age – including fortified settlements and find assemblages characteristic of them – derived at least partly from a new population arriving in several waves from the East-European Forest Belt.
Devynios absoliučios datos iš Gedimino kalno tyrimų
Authors: Šmigelskas Ramūnas
Published: May 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

In 2016, exploratory archaeological research was conducted in the environs of the remains of the Vilnius Upper Castle Palace, which has been also known as the Grand Ducal Palace. The purpose of the current article was to present the results of the archaeological research conducted in 2016, the analysis of which allows for a closer look at the chronology of a wooden castle building on the Gediminas Hill. This article briefly covers the previous archaeological investigations of the Gediminas Hill. Also, the prior archaeological studies related to the early inhabiting of the Hill by people are analyzed; the chronological circumstances of a wooden castle’s emergence on the Hill based on archaeological data are overviewed as well. The archaeological research of 2016 did not result in a great quantity of finds, yet the radiocarbon dating of samples was quite large in number. The present article is aiming at the publication of results of the laboratory dating of samples that was conducted in 2016 as well as at encouraging the further academic discussion on the topic of the occurrence of a wooden castle on the Gediminas Hill, based on the possibilities provided by the statistical modelling of these results.
Apžiesta keramika jotvingių piliakalniuose
Authors: Baltramiejūnaitė Dovilė
Published: May 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

The application of wheel-turned technology in pottery production and its development among the Baltic people is little studied yet. The current paper is based on the archaeological material from the Užnemunė (Southwestern Lithuania) hillforts, which were investigated by P. Kulikauskas in the 1960s, and seeks to discuss the tendencies of how wheel-turned pottery had developed during the 10th–14th c. The materials in question derive from the northeastern part of the Yotvingian areal. Here, the suggested classification system is based on the possibly chronologically sensitive features of the pottery. They are distinguished after a detailed analysis of the technological, morphological and decorative attributes of the pottery in question. The classificatory units of pottery are dated in accordance with the contextual material as much as possible as well as in accordance with any similarities or analogies found in the closest archaeological sites. The identified stages of the development of pottery suggest a gradual mode of change, an improvement of the wheel-turned technology and a change of the forms and decorations. Even though there still is a lack of reliable absolute dates for the full reconstruction of the development of wheel-turned pottery in the northeastern Yotvingian areal, it is expected that a systematic approach to the material will lead to further studies and deeper knowledge.
Medical Students: A reflective journey over time
Authors: Sabzwari Saniya , Ghias Kulsoom , Sulaiman Anjiya
Published: May 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Experiences in medical education have changed significantly in the last two decades. This evolution is apparent in the teaching/ learning environment, types of education resources and learners. In this article two students provide a reflective account of their individual journeys in medical education spanning across 20 years. While some things remain unchanged, significant differences emerge that stress upon the educators and institutions to stay mindful of these transitions in order to develop learning environments that nurture the growth of future physicians.Experiences in medical education have changed significantly in the last two decades. This evolution is apparent in the teaching/ learning environment, types of education resources and learners. In this article two students provide a reflective account of their individual journeys in medical education spanning across 20 years. While some things remain unchanged, significant differences emerge that stress upon the educators and institutions to stay mindful of these transitions in order to develop learning environments that nurture the growth of future physicians.
Improving dust resistance of mine tailings using green biopolymer
Authors: Chen Rui , Ding Xiaobin , Lai Hongpeng , Zhang Lianyang
Published: May 2019

The application of biopolymers as eco-friendly stabilisers for strengthening soils has received increasing attention in recent years. This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of using xanthan gum, a green biopolymer, to stabilise mine tailings (MTs) for dust control. Impact tests that simulate the saltation process during wind erosion were carried out to evaluate the effect of xanthan gum on the impacting resistance of MTs, which is directly related to dust resistance. The impact test results show that the weight loss due to grain impacts is significantly reduced for biopolymer-treated MTs compared to that for untreated MTs, with more biopolymer leading to greater reduction. The improved dust resistance of MTs after biopolymer treatment may be attributed to the protective biopolymer coating formed at the surface of treated MTs, which imparts the MTs with a dense structure and enhanced cohesion and therefore improves the impacting resistance. Numerical simulation using the discrete element method was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms of how the biopolymer increases the dust resistance of MTs. The simulation results show that the bonding strength between MT particles increases linearly with biopolymer concentration; more biopolymer induces stronger interparticle bonding and therefore increases the impacting and cracking resistance of MTs.
Waterworks in a changing climate: the R.C. Harris filtration plant, Toronto, Canada
Authors: Ross Susan
Published: May 2019

This research paper reviews the literature in an area of engineering heritage requiring further examination, the impact of climate change on historic urban water supply systems. Many opportunities exist to enhance the sustainability of historic waterworks still in operation in order to help mediate climate change effects. This must include mitigating climate change impacts on sources of potable water, such as by implementing strategies for water-efficient landscape design, while considering possible uses of the visible elements of the system, such as water treatment plants, to draw attention to this engineering heritage’s continued and critical role. The R.C. Harris filtration plant is the main water treatment plant for the Greater Toronto Area in Canada, drawing water from Lake Ontario. This iconic ‘Palace of Purification’ has been in continuous use since 1941 and was declared a National Historic Civil Engineering Site in 1992. In 2013, it was still producing nearly 40% of Toronto’s tap water. Examination of this plant serves to illustrate the interconnection of a system’s historic design and its water source’s watershed as heritage, to discuss expected impacts of climate change and explain not only some of the possibilities for mitigation, but also eventual necessary and challenging adaptations to changing treatment needs.
Credible Forward Guidance
Authors: Nakata Taisuke , Sunakawa Takeki
Published: May 2019

We analyze credible forward guidance policies in a sticky-price model with an effective lower bound (ELB) constraint on nominal interest rates by solving a series of optimal sustainable policy problems indexed by the duration of reputational loss. Lower-for-longer policies---while effective in stimulating the economy at the ELB---are potentially time-inconsistent, as the associated overheating of the economy in the aftermath of a crisis is undesirable ex post. However, if reneging on a lower-for-longer promise leads to a loss of reputation and prevents the central bank from effectively using lower-for-longer policies in future crises, these policies can be time-consistent. We find that, even without an explicit commitment technology, the central bank can still credibly keep the policy rate at the ELB for an extended period---though not as extended under the optimal commitment policy---and meaningfully mitigate the adverse effects of the ELB constraint on economy activit y.
RESTORAN İŞLETMELERİNDE MALİYET KONTROLÜ ÜZERİNE TRABZON İLİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Akyürek Suat
Published: May 2019

Restoran
işletmelerinin toplam maliyetleri hesaplandığında, yiyecek-içecek
maliyetlerinin büyük bir paya sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Yiyecek-içecek maliyet
kontrolü; işletmelere sistematik bir şekilde veriler sunarak, işletme
içerisinde maliyetlerin takibini kolaylaştırmakta, yiyecek ve içecek
israflarını azaltmakta ve gereksiz fireleri engelleyerek işletmelerin
karlılığını artırmaktadır. Bu nedenle yiyecek-içecek hizmeti sunan tüm
işletmelerin yiyecek-içecek maliyetlerini azaltmak ve karlılığını artırmak için
yiyecek-içecek maliyet kontrol yöntemlerini etkili bir şekilde uygulaması
gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Trabzon’da faaliyet gösteren restoran işletmelerinde
kullanılan yiyecek-içecek maliyet kontrol yöntemleri tespit edilerek, işletme
yöneticilerinin maliyet kontrolüne ilişkin düşünceleri ortaya konulmuştur.
Araştırma verileri, anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiştir. Verilerin frekans
dağılımları ve aritmetik ortalamaları kullanılarak yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma
sonucunda, işletmelerin maliyet kontrolünün genel anlamda işletme müdürü
tarafından aylık periyotta yapıldığı ve en fazla pazarlık usulü satın alma
yönteminin kullanıldığı görülmüştür.
ŞANLIURFA İLİ ARKEOLOJİK YÜZEY ARAŞTIRMASI, 2017
Authors: Çelik Bahattin , Çelik Bahattin
Published: May 2019

Şanlıurfa Merkez ilçesi sınırları içerisinde
bulunan bölgede 2013 yılından bu yana Prehistorik dönemler ile ilgili yüzey
araştırması yapılmaktadır. Yüzey araştırmalarına 2017 yılında da devam edilmiş,
Neolitik, Paleolitik merkezler ve tuzak alanları tespit edilmiştir. 2017
yılında Neolitik döneme ait yerleşimler arasında tespit edilmiş en önemli ve
büyük boyutlu yerleşim Tepehan Höyük'tür.112 dekarlık alanı ile bölgede yer
alan Göbekli Tepe, Karahan Tepe ve Ayanlar Höyük'ten sonra dördüncü büyük höyük
olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bunun dışında 2017 yılında Geç Roma dönemine ait
pek çok yerleşim de tespit edilmiştir.
GELENEKSEL MEDYADA TEMSİL SORUNU: ALTERNATİF BİR MECRA OLARAK YENİ MEDYA
Authors: Polat Hıdır
Published: May 2019

Çalışmanın amacı
geleneksel medyada bir temsil problemi olduğunu ortaya koyarak, yeni medyanın alternatif
bir mecra olarak kullanılabileceğine dikkat çekmektir. Çalışma içerisinde
herhangi bir din, dil, ırk ve kültür ele alınmamıştır. Stuart Hall tarafından
ortaya atılan “temsil kuramı”ndan hareketle bireylerin ya da toplulukların
geleneksel medyada temsil edilme durumları üzerine bir literatür taraması
yapılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde geleneksel medyanın bir temsil problemi
olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
GÜRCÜ KAYNAĞI KARTLİS ÇHOVREBA'DA ARDAHAN ADI VE ARDAHAN'LA İLGİLİ BİLGİLER.
Authors: Kıldıroğlu Mehmet
Published: May 2019

Türk tarihi hakkında başta Çin, Bizans,
Arap, Fars, Ermeni kaynaklarında bulunan bilgiler araştırmacılar tarafından
ortaya çıkarılmış olmasına rağmen yaklaşık bin yıl ilişki içinde olduğumuz
Gürcü kaynakları yeterince araştırılmamıştır. Son yıllarda çevrilen bir iki
eser dışında Gürcü tarihi ve Türklerle ilgili bilgiler yeterli derecede Türk
araştırmacıların nazarına sunulmamıştır. Oysaki Gürcü kaynaklarında Türklerle
ilgili ta İskitler döneminden başlayarak çok değerli bilgiler bulunmaktadır.
Hatta başka hiçbir kaynakta bulunmayan milattan önceki dönemlere ait Türkler ve
Kıpçaklarla ilgili paha biçilmez bilgileri Gürcü kaynakları bize
bildirmektedir. Ardahan adı Gürcü kaynağı Kartlis Çhovreba'da Kaçta-Kalak,
Hura, Artan, Artani, Artaan biçimlerinde yer almıştır. Ayrıca Ardahan ve
çevresinin tarihi ile ilgili Kartlis Çhovreba'da çok değerli bilgiler
bulunmaktadır. Kartlis Çhovreba batı dillerinden Fransızca'ya 1800'lü yılların
ortalarında M. Klaproth (1834) ve M.F. Brosset (1849) tarafından çevrilmiştir.
Ancak Türkiye'de bu kaynak üzerine çalışma yapılmamıştır. M.F. Brosset'in
Fransızca'ya çevirdiği 1212 yılına kadar bilgileri ihtiva eden Kartlis Çhovreba
Hrant Andreasyan tarafından yıllar önce Türkçe'ye çevrilmesine rağmen 2003
yılına kadar yayınlanmamıştır. Bu eser tarihçi Erdoğan Merçil tarafından notlar
eklenerek yayına hazırlanmış 2003 yılında Türk Tarih Kurumu tarafından
basılmıştır. Bu makalede  Gürcü
kaynaklarında geçen Ardahan adının tarihsel serüvenini ele alınmaktadır.
İlkel İnsan ve Diktatörlüğün Kurulması: Hayvan Çiftliği ile Karanlığın Yüreği Romanlarının Karşılaştırması
Authors: Aşkaroğlu Vedi
Published: May 2019

Dünyanın
yaşadığı en önemli ve en geniş kapsamlı savaşlara, Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini
gibi milyonlarca insanın öldürülmesi, soykırımlar, sürgünler gibi trajik ve insanlıkdışı
uygulamaları ortaya koyan diktatörlerin ortaya çıkışına tanıklık eden 20.
yüzyıl bir bakıma şiddet ve diktatörlük çağı olarak da adlandırılabilir.
Küresel güçlerin pazar arayışı doğrultusunda, ekonomik krizlerden bir çıkış
olarak gördüğü ve dünyanın görece geri kalmış coğrafyalarının karşıt
ideolojiler doğrultusunda parçalandığı, Soğuk Savaş döneminin öncesi ve
sonrasında ülkelerin ve aynı ülkelerde farklı odakların birbirlerine düşman
kesildiği bu dönem, insanlığın ve birliğini sağlamaya çalışan her bir
topluluğun geleceği açısından önemli çözümlemeler yapmayı zorunlu kılmaktadır.
Şiddetin ardında yatan ana unsurlardan en önemlileri insana dair olan ilkellik
güdüsü, açgözlülük ve sınırsız güç istekleridir.

            Edebiyat öznelinde, ilkel insan
doğasının ve sınırsız güce susamış insanın işlendiği pek çok eser mevcuttur.
İngiliz romancı Joseph Conrad, daha dünya savaşları yaşanmadan önce yazdığı Karanlığın Yüreği romanında, emperyalist
amaçlarını uygarlık maskesi ile örten Batı'nın genel görüngüsünü bireysel
düzlemde Kurtz karakteri ile ortaya serimlerken; diğer bir İngiliz yazar George
Orwell, hayvan figürleri kullanarak yazdığı Hayvan
Çifliği'nde Bolşevik devrimini insan doğası ve diktatörlüğün kurulma
aşaması biçiminde domuzların kişileştirilmesi yoluyla aktarır. Bu çalışmada, Hayvan Çiftliği ile Karanlığın Yüreği romanlarının, ilkel insan doğası ve diktatörlüğün
kurulması açısından karşılaştırmalı bir çözümlemesi yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
ORHAN KEMAL’İN “BABA EVİ” ROMANINA SÖZ VARLIĞI AÇISINDAN YAKLAŞIM
Authors: AKIN Erhan , KARAKAŞ Rezan , TARHAN Hasan
Published: May 2019

Türkçeyi
verimli ve etkili kullanmanın önemli bir yolu, eserlerde söz varlığından
olabildiğince yararlanmaktan geçer. Bir
toplumun dil kıvraklığını, hazır cevaplılığını anlatan önemli kelime ve kelime
grupları olan söz varlığı; halkın yaşayışını, kültürel, maddi ve manevi
değerlerini içinde barındırır.Buradan hareketle toplumlar hakkında bilgi edinmenin bir yolu da
kullandıkları dilin söz varlığını incelemekten geçer; çünkü bireyler, kullandıkları
sözcüklerde kültürleri ve hayata bakış açıları hakkında önemli ipuçları verirler.Bir
yazarın eserinde kullandığı dil, hem yazarı hem de toplumu temsil eder. Yazar,
eserinde bir taraftan düşünce dünyasını oluşturur ve oradan okuyuculara
kesitler sunarken bir taraftan da hem okuyucuya hem de yazara tanıdık gelen dil
dünyasının ortak paydalarından beslenir. Kullanılan dilin söz veya yazı
aracılığıyla geçmişten günümüze taşıyarak biriktirdiği söz varlıkları adeta bir
kaynak olarak addedilebilir. Bu kaynak, aynı zamanda okuyucu ile yazarı aynı
potada buluşturan ortak noktalardan biri olarak dikkati çeker.Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Orhan Kemal’in “Baba Evi”
romanını söz varlığı açısından incelemektir. Yazarın incelenen romanında söz
varlığı unsurları tespit edilip bu unsurların kitaptaki kullanım sıklığı
belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Toplumcu gerçekçilik akımından etkilenen Orhan Kemal’in
eserlerinde söz varlığına dair unsurların çoğunu sıkça kullandığı tespit
edilmiştir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan doküman incelemesi
tekniği ile yürütülmüştür.Çalışma sonunda eserin ikilemeler, deyimler, kalıp
sözler, halk ağzında bulunan sözcükler, Osmanlı Türkçesine ait sözcükler
bakımından zengin olduğu; atasözleri, argo ve terimler bakımından ise çok
zengin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Yazarın; eserde kalıp sözler başlığı altında
dinî unsurlardan yararlandığı da görülmüştür.
ON THE ORIGINAL OF TWO PIECE OF GLASS AMPHORISKOS IN GİRESUN MUSEUM
Authors: EKER Fevziye
Published: May 2019

The study
includes observations on two glass amphoriskos in the group of archeological
vessels in Giresun Museum. The artifacts that are gained to the museum by way
of purchasing are protected in the storage. Amphoriskos were produced by using
the core-formed technique. At first step, photographs of them have been taken,
the inventory information has been recorded and the catalog has been prepared.  After the examination on these works, it has
been tried to reach information about the production places of such glass
vessels or the way of arriving to the city with considering the form and
appearance characteristics. Furthermore, it has been emphasized whether the
studied works are original or not.
HARBETSUVAN TEPESİ'NDEN BİR ERKEK HEYKELCİĞİ.
Authors: ÇELİK Bahattin , ULUDAĞ Celal
Published: May 2019

Son yıllarda Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik
döneme ait kazı ve araştırmalar sonucu büyük ve küçük boyutlarda yapılmış erkek
heykelleri veya heykelcikleri ele geçmiştir. Bu erkek heykellerinin veya
heykelciklerinin bazılarının benzer özelliklere sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
2017 yılında Harbetsuvan Tepesi kazısında ele geçen erkek heykelciğinin de diğer
yerleşimlerde bulunan heykelciklerle benzer özellikleri vardır. Yapılan bu
çalışmada, Harbetsuvan Tepesi'nde ele geçmiş olan falluslu erkek heykelciği
üzerinde durulmuştur. Özellikle, Harbetsuvan Tepesi erkek heykelciği ile Nevali
Çori, Göbekli Tepe, Urfa-Yeni Mahalle, Karahan Tepe, Kilisik ve Gaziantep’ten
ele geçmiş erkek heykelcikleri karşılaştırılacaktır.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMADA AKILLI KENTLER
Authors: ÖZTOPCU Aslı , SALMAN Ayşe
Published: May 2019

Dünya nüfusunun artışıyla birlikte,
kırsal kesimden kentlere olan göç hareketliliği de artış göstermektedir. Nüfus
artışı, kent yaşamında kısa vadede bireysel fayda sağlasa da su, elektrik gibi
kıt kaynak kullanımının ve sağlık, eğitim gibi hizmetlerin aksamasına neden
olmaktadır. Kentsel sorunların en aza indirilmesi için devlet ve yerel
yönetimler gibi, kent planlama alanında çalışan tüm kurum ve bireyler, kent
yaşamını kolaylaştırıcı alternatifler üretme çabasındadır. Bu alternatiflerden
biri yoğun teknoloji gerektiren akıllı kent sistemi ve buna bağlı
geliştirilebilecek diğer teknoloji donanımlarıdır.

Özellikle gelecek kaygısı, küresel
ısınma, dünyayı yaşanabilir kılma ve bunun sürdürülebilir olması gibi
düşüncelerden dolayı toplum, yeni fikir ve kalkınma politikalarına
yönelmektedir. Bugünkü yaşamı zorlaştıran koşullar geleceği de tehdit
etmektedir. Kişi başına enerji tüketiminin giderler içindeki artışı, verimli
sistemlerin üretilmesini zorunlu hale getirmiştir.  Akıllı kent ya da diğer ifadeyle zeki kent,
dijital kent, teknolojik kentlerin amacı gelecek nesillere yaşanabilir bir kent
yaşamı bırakabilmektir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, akıllı
kentlerin sürdürülebilir kalkınma açısından etkilerini araştırmaktır. Önce
akıllı kent literatürü araştırılmış, daha sonra yüksek lisans öğrenci
çalışmaları değerlendirilmiştir. Uluslararası öğrenci kongresinde yer alan
bildiriler irdelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların gelecek ihtiyaçların
belirlenmesi ve projelerin katkılarının literatüre taşınması açısından ışık
tutacağı düşünülmektedir.