bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Final Results From a Phase I Trial and Expansion Cohorts of Cabozantinib and Nivolumab Alone or With Ipilimumab for Advanced/Metastatic Genitourinary Tumors
Authors: Apolo Andrea B. , Girardi Daniel M. , Niglio Scot A. , Nadal Rosa , Kydd Andre R. , Simon Nicholas , Ley Lisa , Cordes Lisa M. , Chandran Elias , Steinberg Seth M. , Lee Sunmin , Lee Min-Jung , Rastogi Shraddha , Sato Nahoko , Cao Liang , Banday A. Rouf , Boudjadi Salah , Merino Maria J. , Toubaji Antoun , Akbulut Dilara , Redd Bernadette , Bagheri Hadi , Costello Rene , Gurram Sandeep , Agarwal Piyush K. , Chalfin Heather J. , Valera Vladimir , Streicher Howard , Wright John Joseph , Sharon Elad , Figg William D. , Parnes Howard L. , Gulley James L. , Saraiya Biren , Pal Sumanta K. , Quinn David , Stein Mark N. , Lara Primo N. , Bottaro Donald P. , Mortazavi Amir
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE

Cabozantinib and nivolumab (CaboNivo) alone or with ipilimumab (CaboNivoIpi) have shown promising efficacy and safety in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and rare genitourinary (GU) tumors in a dose-escalation phase I study. We report the final data analysis of the safety, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of the phase I patients and seven expansion cohorts.

METHODS

This is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, phase I trial. CaboNivo doublet expansion cohorts included (1) mUC, (2) mRCC, and (3) adenocarcinoma of the bladder/urachal; CaboNivoIpi triplet expansion cohorts included (1) mUC, (2) mRCC, (3) penile cancer, and (4) squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder and other rare GU tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT02496208
).

RESULTS

The study enrolled 120 patients treated with CaboNivo (n = 64) or CaboNivoIpi (n = 56), with a median follow-up of 49.2 months. In 108 evaluable patients (CaboNivo n = 59; CaboNivoIpi n = 49), the ORR was 38% (complete response rate 11%) and the median duration of response was 20 months. The ORR was 42.4% for mUC, 62.5% for mRCC (n = 16), 85.7% for squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (n = 7), 44.4% for penile cancer (n = 9), and 50.0% for renal medullary carcinoma (n = 2). Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 84% of CaboNivo patients and 80% of CaboNivoIpi patients.

CONCLUSION

CaboNivo and CaboNivoIpi demonstrated clinical activity and safety in patients with multiple GU malignancies, especially clear cell RCC, urothelial carcinoma, and rare GU tumors such as squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, small cell carcinoma of the bladder, adenocarcinoma of the bladder, renal medullary carcinoma, and penile cancer.
Under the Same Sky: Synchronicity in BTS Media, Online and Offline
Authors: Kakoudaki Despina
Published: July 2024

When a series of BTS concerts in Seoul were canceled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, BIGHIT held a unique BTS Online Concert Weekend titled “Bang Bang Con,” featuring an online broadcast of eight BTS concerts from 2014 to 2018, livestreamed on the BangtanTV YouTube channel and on Weverse. Fans watching on Weverse could also link their official light stick, the ARMY Bomb, to the broadcast, so that it would pulse and change color in synch with the music on screen. In “Under the Same Sky: Synchronicity in BTS Media, Online and Offline,” Despina Kakoudaki examines the cyber-physical connection enabled by these digital technologies. Invoking fans’ ability to sync light sticks during a concert livestream, she maps the way copresence creates feelings of intimacy in shared time within the physical realms of in-person events, the digital realms of online spaces, and the physical/digital realms of remote venues.
Sweet Chili and Cajun: Tasting the Power of Language with the BTS McDonald's Meal
Authors: Lynch-Kimery Melody
Published: July 2024

In “Sweet Chili and Cajun: Tasting the Power of Language with the BTS McDonald’s Meal,” Melody Lynch-Kimery observes that the 2021 BTS Meal was the first time McDonald’s promoted a meal worldwide using a language other than English on food packaging. Lynch-Kimery tracks the meal’s release and reception in different countries and linguistic landscapes to understand how the marketing campaign reinforced and disrupted linguistic capital across cultural and economic contexts. Through social media and press coverage, Lynch-Kimery examines how English was decentered in various ways, and how in this moment, Korean, more specifically Hangeul, was foregrounded. The BTS Meal’s marketing success, even with its uneven implementation, points to the potentials and limits of this moment of language diversification within the larger structures of corporate capitalism.
From Purple to Pink: The Filipino ARMY for Leni and the Fight for Good Governance
Authors: Atis Allison Anne Gray , Murad Noel Sajid I. , Sison Hannah Ruth L.
Published: July 2024

“From Purple to Pink: The Filipino ARMY for Leni and the Fight for Good Governance” describes a set of social media tactics used by Philippine ARMY to counter misinformation during the 2022 national elections. Allison Anne Gray Atis, Noel Sajid I. Murad, and Hannah Ruth L. Sison recount their involvement as ARMY for Leni during Leni Robredo’s political campaign to challenge the autocratic Rodrigo Duterte administration and his anointed successor. Offering an account of a political group that cohered around their love of Leni and BTS, the authors discuss how they used the seeds of hope and humor to sustain youth participation during a grueling election season. The chapter tracks not only how the group disseminated political messaging for their candidate through BTS memes but also through other K-Pop methods, such as fundraising with BTS-themed campaign “merch,” mutual aid, and rallies.
“Yoongi, Can You Hear Me?”: Demanding Justice for #Melisa and ARMY Activism in Turkey
Authors: Keskin Alptekin , Binark Mutlu
Published: July 2024

Alptekin Keskin and Mutlu Binark’s chapter, “‘Yoongi, Can You Hear Me?’: Demanding Justice for #Melisa and ARMY Activism in Turkey,” delves into how Turkish media attempted to deflect critiques of intimate violence by laying blame on the corrupting influence of K-Pop for the suicide of a young BTS fan. On September 4, 2020, a 15-year-old teenager and K-Pop fan—Melisa–living in a district of ?zmir, completed suicide due to the intimate violence she experienced from her father. On her Twitter account, Melisa expressed that K-Pop, and especially BTS and SUGA, had played a special role to help her cope with that violence in her last two years. In this chapter, Keskin and Binark examine how Turkish ARMY subsequently navigated the shoals of social media and moral panics to seek justice for her death.
“Let Us Light Up the Night”: BTS and Abolitionist Possibilities at the End of the World
Authors: Myhre UyenThi Tran
Published: July 2024

In the days following the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police, BTS made a $1 million donation to Black Lives Matter, a donation that was quickly matched by ARMY worldwide. During the uprisings that summer, K-Pop stans jammed police surveillance websites with fancams, and visual artists repurposed BTS lyrics to create protest art. UyenThi Tran Myhre draws fierce hope from BTS and their embrace of both destruction and creation, a duality also found at the heart of abolitionist movement building. By following the threads of her own origin stories as a Minneapolis-based abolitionist, a daughter of Vietnamese refugees, and as ARMY, “Let Us Light Up the Night”: BTS and Abolitionist Possibilities at the End of the World,” explores how encounters with BTS’s body of work can illuminate and inform abolitionist principles and practices for a “moment yet to come.”
A Cadaveric Feasibility Study of the Biportal Endoscopic Transfrontal Sinus Approach: A Minimally Invasive Approach to the Anterior Cranial Fossa
Authors: Saez-Alegre Miguel , Torregrossa Fabio , Jean Walter C. , Morshed Ramin A. , Piper Keaton , Link Michael J. , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Peris Celda Maria , Pinheiro Neto Carlos D.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The trans-sinus transglabellar and bifrontal approaches offer direct access to the anterior cranial fossa. However, these approaches present potential drawbacks. We propose the biportal endoscopic transfrontal sinus (BETS) approach, adapting endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) techniques for minimally invasive access to the anterior fossa, reducing tissue manipulation, venous sacrifice, and brain retraction.

METHODS:

Six formalin specimens were used. BETS approach involves 2 incisions over the medial aspect of both eyebrows from the supraorbital notch to the medial end of the eyebrow. A unilateral pedicled pericranial flap is harvested. A craniotomy through the anterior table of the frontal sinus (FS) and a separate craniotomy through the posterior table are performed. Two variants of the approach (preservative vs cranialization) are described for opening and reconstruction of the FS based on the desired pathology to access. Bone flap replacement can be performed with titanium plates and filling of the external table defect with bone cement.

RESULTS:

Like in EEA, this approach provides access for endoscope and multiple working instruments to be used simultaneously. The approach allows wide access to the anterior cranial fossa, subfrontal, and interhemispheric corridors, all the way up to the suprachiasmatic corridor and through the lamina terminalis to the third ventricle. BETS provides direct access to the anterior fossa, minimizing the level of frontal lobe retraction and providing potentially less tissue disruption and improved cosmesis. Cerebrospinal fluid fistula risk remains one of the major concerns as the narrow corridor limits achieving a watertight closure which can be mitigated with a pedicled flap. Mucocele risk is minimized with full cranialization or reconstruction of the FS.

CONCLUSION:

The BETS approach is a minimally invasive approach that translates the concepts of EEA to the FS. It allows excellent access to the anterior cranial fossa structures with minimal frontal lobe retraction.
Surgery for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Following Induction Chemotherapy: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Theijse Rutger T. , Stoop Thomas F. , Leenart Philip D. , Lutchman Kishan R. D. , Erdmann Joris I. , Daams Freek , Zonderhuis Babs M. , Festen Sebastiaan , Swijnenburg Rutger-Jan , van Gulik Thomas M. , Schoorlemmer Annuska , Sterk André L. A. , van Dieren Susan , Fariña Arantza , Voermans Rogier P. , Wilmink Johanna W. , Kazemier Geert , Busch Olivier R. , Besselink Marc G. ,   For HPB-Amsterdam
Published: July 2024

Background

The use of surgery in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) following induction chemotherapy is increasing. However, most series do not report on the total cohort of patients undergoing surgical exploration; therefore, this single-center study investigates outcomes among all consecutive patients with LAPC who underwent surgical exploration.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective, single-center analysis including all consecutive patients with LAPC (Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group criteria) who underwent surgical exploration with curative intent (January 2014–June 2023) after induction therapy. Primary outcomes were resection rate and overall survival (OS) from the time of diagnosis.

Results

Overall, 127 patients underwent surgical exploration for LAPC, whereby 100 patients (78.7%) underwent resection and 27 patients (21.3%) underwent a non-therapeutic laparotomy due to the extent of vascular involvement (n = 11, 8.7%) or occult metastases (n = 16, 12.6%). The overall in-hospital/30-day mortality rate was 0.8% and major morbidity was 31.3% (in patients after resection: 1.0% and 33.3%, respectively). The overall 90-day mortality rate was 5.5%, which included 3.1% mortality due to disease progression. Resection was associated with longer median OS {29 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 26–43) vs. 17 months (95% CI 11–26); p < 0.001} compared with patients undergoing non-therapeutic laparotomy, with corresponding 5-year OS rates of 28.4% and 7.7%. In Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, only pancreatic body/tail tumors independently predicted OS (hazard ratio 1.788 [95% CI 1.042–3.068]).

Conclusion

This single-center series found a resection rate of 78.7% in patients with LAPC selected for surgical exploration, with a low risk of mortality and morbidity in all explored patients and a 5-year OS rate after resection of 28.4%.
Sinh-Gordon type equations and harmonic maps
Authors: Πολύχρου Ιωάννης
Published: July 2024

Ως αρμονικές απεικονίσεις ορίζουμε τα κρίσιμα σημεία του ολοκληρώματος Dirichlet και αποτελούν γενίκευση των αρμονικών συναρτήσεων και των γεωδαισιακών. Με την χρήση των λύσεων της ελλειπτικής sinh-Gordon, μπορούμε να κατασκευάζουμε, τοπικά, παραδείγματα αρμονικών απεικονίσεων απο μία επιφάνεια Riemann σε μία υπερβολική επιφάνεια. Στην παρούσα διατριβή θα περιγράψουμε οικογένειες λύσεων της ελλειπτικής sinh-Gordon με την χρήση της μεθόδου χωρισμού μεταβλητών και με την χρήση ενός μετασχηματισμού Baecklund. Επιπλέον θα μελετήσουμε μια γενικευμένη sinh-Gordon, μέσω της οποίας μελετούμε ουσιαστικά τέσσερις διαφορικές εξισώσεις τις υπερβολικές sine-Gordon και sinh-Gordon και τις αντίστοιχες ελλειπτικές. Θα παρουσιάσουμε την κατηγοροποίηση των λύσεων με την ιδιότητα του συναρτησιακού χωρισμού. Τέλος, με την χρήση της μεθόδου Hirota, θα κατασκευάσουμε soliton λύσεις αυτής.
The Impact of Hydration and Other Strategies in prevention of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Authors: Wojtania Joanna , Łepik Michał , Uszok Zofia , Rosiak Krzysztof , Płeska Kacper , Reguła Kacper , Waloch Kamil , Piaszczyński Szymon , Czajka Andrzej , Szymański Bartłomiej
Published: July 2024

Introduction and purpose Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains a significant concern in clinical practice, particularly among patients undergoing contrast-enhanced imaging or interventional procedures. Characterized by an acute decline in renal function following exposure to contrast media, CIN not only poses substantial morbidity and mortality risks but also presents challenges in patient management and healthcare resource utilization. Despite extensive research efforts, the precise pathophysiology of CIN remains incompletely understood, with multifactorial mechanisms involving renal ischemia, oxidative stress, and direct tubular toxicity implicated in its development. This review explores the impact of hydration and other prophylactic strategies on the prevention of CIN. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of various hydration protocols, including isotonic saline and bicarbonate solutions, in reducing the incidence of CIN. Additionally, the review evaluates the efficacy of pharmacological agents such as N-acetylcysteine, statins, and ascorbic acid, as well as emerging techniques like remote ischemic preconditioning.
Physical exercise as a key element in the behavioral treatment of type 2 diabetes - the extent to which patients follow recommendations
Authors: Czapska Mirella , Wojcik Alicja , Pakaszewski Wojciech , Krawczyk Lidia , Kwiecień Bartłomiej , Babkiewicz-Jahn Kamila , Matuszewska Justyna
Published: July 2024

Introduction and purpose
Diabetes is a set of metabolic disorders whose common, characteristic feature is the occurrence of hyperglycemia. Elevated glycemia levels result from impaired insulin secretion and/or defects in its action. In type 2 diabetes, we have modified risk factors such as improper diet, reduced physical activity, and obesity. In the context of these reversible factors, intervention in patients' lifestyle, with particular emphasis on physical activity, seems advisable.
To investigate the implementation of recommendations for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, relating to physical activity as a component of behavioral treatment of diabetes.
Materials and methods. Author's survey covering patients' knowledge about their disease, needs and expectations regarding education. The questionnaire examines the physical activity of patients newly diagnosed and already treated for type 2 diabetes.
Results. The most frequently undertaken exercise was of medium intensity in the form of walking or "Nordic walking". This was also more likely to be intensified. Patients choosing this type of activity practiced it much more often and more regularly than other types of activity. Running and cycling were other activities undertaken by the patients, although in the younger group of patients.
Patients who enjoyed physical exercise were more likely and willing to do it and it was more regular.
Conclusions. Patients were reluctant to undertake physical exercise and usually did not treat it as an integral part of treatment. Usually, it was not a very intense effort. They also rarely intensified it when the diagnosis was made. Most of the respondents did not understand the role of exercise in the treatment process and its impact on sugar levels.
Vascular threads and nephron nests: exploring the association between Takayasu arteritis and membranous nephropathy
Authors: Aamer Sameen , Rajan Anand , Arora Swati
Published: July 2024

Takayasu arteritis (TA) primarily causes ischaemic nephrosclerosis but can occasionally be associated with glomerulopathy. We report a case of a female in her twenties with PLA2-negative, THSD7A-positive membranous nephropathy (MN) refractory to rituximab, who presented with neck pain and new-onset hypertension. Blood work showed elevated inflammatory markers. Imaging of the head and neck revealed focal dilation and irregularity of the vertebral arteries, consistent with TA. The patient was started on treatment with steroids, followed by mycophenolate mofetil, which led to the resolution of symptoms and nephrotic syndrome. This case highlights an uncommon sequence of events, with MN presenting before TA, underscoring the need to consider TA in differentials for patients with MN. Notably, this is the first reported case in a young female, emphasising the need for further understanding of TA-associated glomerular diseases. Additionally, the presence of THSD7A in MN, despite negative malignancy workup, is also noteworthy.
Retrospective assessment of parental attitudes versus severity of early maladaptive schemas in a non-clinical population of Polish adults – preliminary reports
Authors: Talarowska Monika , Juraś-Darowny Małgorzata
Published: July 2024

Objectives: While from a developmental perspective, a secure bond with a parent is of great importance to a child's functioning, its establishment depends mainly on the caregivers and their parental attitudes – specific strategies or styles that enable the fulfilment of parental responsibilities. The objective of the presented study was to assess the correlation between the early maladaptive schemas and retrospectively assessed parental attitudes.
Methods: The study involved 94 people between the ages of 18 and 64 (average age: M=34.84, SD=11.12). Each participant completed a set of the following tools: the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3-PL), the Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCR), and the Young Parent Inventory (YPI).
Both parents’ attitudes were similarly associated with the formation of early maladaptive schemas. For both mothers and fathers, loving and rejecting attitudes had the most numerous associations with the formation of early maladaptive schemas.
Conclusions: 1. In a retrospective evaluation of the subjects, both parents had a similar impact on the formation of domains of early maladaptive schemas. The Results: only statistically significant differences occurred in the domain of Impaired Autonomy and Performance. Mothers had a stronger influence on the formation of schemas in this group. 2. For both mothers and fathers, loving (L) and rejecting (R) attitudes had the most numerous associations with the formation of early maladaptive schemas.

Keywords: early maladaptive schemas, parental attitudes, attachment
Millennial Generation (Gen-Y) Preferences Towards Landed House Ownership in Yogyakarta Urban Agglomeration Using Logistic Regression
Authors: Prativi Fatima Putri , Yuniarti Nur Aini , Kamara Ibrahin Sorie
Published: July 2024

The city of Yogyakarta has become a magnet for the millennial generation (Gen-Y), leading to increased urbanization as residents flock to the city. This surge has resulted in a growing demand for land to accommodate public facilities, social amenities, and housing for workers. Despite soaring land prices, driven by high demand, land stocks have not diminished. Over the last 16 years, land prices have escalated by 30 times. However, the wages of Gen-Y formal workers in the DIY region stand at IDR 2,361,434, with an annual increase of only 8.51%. This rapid growth in property prices has not kept pace with the income growth of the millennial generation, raising concerns about their ability to access landed house ownership. This study aims to identify the preferences of the millennial generation regarding landed house ownership in the Yogyakarta Urban Agglomeration. The analytical method employed is Logistic Regression, involving 125 respondents of Gen-Y workers aged 27 to 41 years in the Yogyakarta Urban Agglomeration. Seven variables, encompassing 25 categorical predictors, were considered. The significant indicators influencing Gen-Y preferences in landed house ownership include the cost of building a house, building materials, and the nominal installment of the house. The findings of this research can be instrumental for relevant stakeholders in formulating policies in the housing sector, particularly in the regulation of subsidized housing for the Gen-Y. The contribution of this study lies in providing essential information for informed decision-making and effective policy implementation to tackle the housing challenges faced by the millennial generation in the Yogyakarta Urban Agglomeration.
Mitigating Corrosion in Activated Carbon Purified Biogas: A Case Study of Copper and Aluminum Metals
Authors: Kouakou Adjoumani Rodrigue , Kouadio Marc Cyril , Kouakou Victorien , Konan Gbangbo Remi , Ehouman Ahissan Donatien , Diarrassouba Aïcha Samira , Niamien Paulin Marius , Yao Benjamin
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the potential reduction in corrosion of aluminum and copper metals when exposed to biogas purified by activated carbon derived from cashew branches. Both aluminum and copper metals were subjected to raw and purified biogas, and their corrosion rates were analyzed using the gravimetric method. The results revealed that the corrosion rate of both metals increased over time when exposed to unfiltered biogas. However, a notable reduction in corrosion rate was observed when the metals were exposed to biogas filtered with activated carbon. This suggests that activated carbon derived from cashew branches could effectively mitigate the corrosive effects of hydrogen sulfide in biogas. Additionally, the study found that aluminum exhibited greater resistance to corrosion compared to copper when exposed to filtered biogas. This research on green inhibitors introduces novel approaches, particularly in utilizing activated carbon from cashew branches for biogas purification, offering a promising strategy to mitigate its corrosive nature. Furthermore, the evaluation of this filtration method's efficacy in protecting aluminum and copper metals underscores its potential significance in corrosion prevention within biogas systems.
Illuminating Potential of Diphenyltin(IV) Dithiocarbamate Compounds for Pharmacological Applications: Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, In-silico and Cytotoxicity Study on A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Aziz Nurul Amalina Abd , Awang Normah , Kamaludin Nurul Farahana , Anuar Nur Najmi Mohamad , Hamid Asmah , Chan Kok Meng
Published: July 2024

The process of development and optimization of anticancer drugs entails the design, synthesis, and elucidating of a diverse range of compounds. Among these are organotin(IV) dithiocarbamate metal complexes, which offer promising potential as anti-cancer agents. Recent studies have underscored the potential of these complexes to exert encouraging anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells, which can be attributed to their distinctive molecular structures and interactions with malignant tissues. This study aimed to refine the chemical constitution of Ph2Sn(N-ethyl-N-benzyldithiocarbamate) through the application of cutting-edge analytical methods, including elemental and spectral analysis (infrared (IR) and NMR spectroscopy). Following optimization, the bioactivity of the newly designed compounds was evaluated on A549 human lung cancer cells utilizing standardized MTT assays to bring a better understanding of the structure-activity relationship (SAR). Our results indicate that these compounds display augmented cytotoxicity vis-à-vis current platinum-based chemotherapeutics, cisplatin, thereby highlighting their potential as an innovative alternative to conventional anti-cancer therapies.
Innovative Study on Photogalvanic Cell for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage Through Brilliant Cresyl Blue + Ascorbic Acid + Sodium Lauryl Sulphate
Authors: Kumari Renu , Yadav Sanjeev Kumar , Gunsaria RK
Published: July 2024

The current study reports better findings photogalvanic (PG) cell in order to accomplish this objective of providing the globe with pollution-free nature for sustainable development. The goal of the research is to increase electrical output by the use of PG cells, which will result in increased electrical output. Better PG cell output has been the desired goal of the research, and this has effectively proved the efficient system in an experimental way. The Open circuit voltage (Voc), and photocurrent found for the Brilliant Cresy Blue (BCB) + Ascorbic acid (AA) + Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS) combination was 1124.0 mV and 240.00 µA, respectively. A proposed photochemical method for the conversion of solar radiation energy was offered for the current generation of PG cells. The BCB+AA+SLS system, PG cell configuration was used to get the desired electrical results.
Isolation and Characterization of Diosgenin, a Phytosterol Sapogenin from the Ethanolic Root Extract of Coleus forskohlii, and its Anti-ovarian Cancer Eefficacy on the SKOV-3 Cell Line
Authors: Virginia F. , Cathrine L. , Fernandez Sebin , Pratheema P. , Princey J. Morris , Philo A. Jerlin , Mareeshwari V. , Harithasakthi S.
Published: July 2024

The successful isolation and characterization of diosgenin from the roots of C. forskohlii was accomplished by a combination of multiple analytical methods, including HPTLC, HPLC, UV, FT-IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The primary goal of this research was to quantify the anticancer capabilities of the human ovarian SKOV-3 cancer cell line. The acquired compound is persisted to the preparative TLC using ethyl acetate and methanol (70:30 v/v) as eluents. Maximum absorbance was reported in the UV-Vis spectrum at 232 nm. The presence of the functional group was subsequently established by a variety of peaks in the FT-IR spectra, including 3450.06, 2947.74, 1236.38, 1054.99, and 894.11 cm-1.Structural elucidation of diosgenin had been performed through spectrum analysis for instance 13C and 1H profoundly nuclear magnetic resources. The molecular formula C27H42O3 coincides with the parent molecular ion [M+] peak at m/z 414.63 g/mol, which is apparent in the mass spectra. The presently proceeding study's findings tend to show diosgenin has an astonishing cytotoxic action (IC50: 75.47µg/ml) on human ovarian cancer cells.
Effect of Temperature Study on Low Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium using Novel Organic Inhibitor
Authors: Singaravelu P.
Published: July 2024

Weight loss measurements and EIS-electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were applied to examine and compare the inhibitory effectiveness of piperazin derivative [4-(4-aminobenzoyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-(furan-2-yl) methanone (4-4-ABPFM) on the mild steel corrosion of in acidic media of 1N hydrochloric acid at different temperatures (303 and 313 K). Compound (4-4-ABPFM) exhibits mixed-type inhibitory behavior and suppresses both the cathodic and anodic processes, according to potentiodynamic polarization tests. It was discovered that the composition of the compounds under investigation mostly determined the inhibitory efficiency, and changes in impedance characteristics are suggestive of these compounds' adsorption on the metal surface. Additionally, these investigations have demonstrated the effectiveness of (4-4-APBFM) as an inhibitor on low carbon- MS in 1N HCl medium at two temperatures. The effectiveness of the inhibitor on mild steel is also revealed by surface morphological analyses like SEM.
Transition of DNA-HPV over time in HPV-infected women: a 7-year cohort study
Authors: Duong Linh My , Tran Dung Ngoc , Pham Tam Thi , Vo Trang Huynh , Tran Hung Do , Lam Tien Thi Thuy , Tran Duc Long , Bui Quang Nghia
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND Approximately 99% of cervical cancer cases worldwide are associated with one of the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. This study aimed to determine the transition rate of DNA-HPV over time in women aged 18–69 years with HPV infection in Can Tho City, Vietnam, from 2013 to 2020.
METHODS The 2-phase cohort study was conducted on 213 women between 2013 and 2020. Phase 1 involved a retrospective cohort study (2013–2018), and phase 2 included a prospective cohort study (2018–2020). HPV testing was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction on cervical fluid. McNemar’s test was employed to compare differences in HPV transition between 2013 and 2020.
RESULTS From 2013 to 2018, the transition, clearance, and non-transition rates were 17.1%, 65.8%, and 66.2%, respectively, revealing a significant difference in the number of HPV cases during this period (p = 0.007). From 2018 to 2020, the transition, clearance, and non-transition rates were 9.8%, 44.9%, and 82.2%, respectively. Overall, the DNA-HPV changes from 2013 to 2020 indicated rates of 14.3% for transition, 68.5% for clearance, and 67.1% for non-transition. A significant difference in HPV cases was found between 2013 and 2020 (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS The longer duration resulted in a more significant difference in the DNA-HPV transition among HPV-infected women.
Análisis comparado de los medios impresos y digitales en las noticias sobre el movimiento estudiantil de 2011 en Chile
Authors: Marticorena Pérez Nicolás
Published: July 2024

Este artículo analiza los niveles de heterogeneidad y pluralismo de la prensa escrita impresa y digital de Chile a través de la comparación de la cobertura sobre el movimiento estudiantil de 2011, considerado uno de los mayores conflictos sociales del país en último tiempo. El estudio examina y contrasta la composición de las fuentes y los encuadres utilizados en los titulares de las noticias sobre dicha coyuntura, en un contexto en donde los medios chilenos exhiben generalmente una tendencia a la uniformidad en sus contenidos.
In conversation with Nancy Fraser
Authors: Fraser Nancy , Vivancos-Sánchez Carme
Published: July 2024

Interview with US philosopher Nancy Fraser.                                                                  
She links the current upsurge of protests to the broader tradition of the anti-war movement in the United States and the struggle to end the various interrelated forms of oppression on which the capitalist system is based: labour exploitation, racial oppression, imperialist oppression, oppression of women, over-exploitation and destruction of the environment.... All these forms of oppression, Fraser argues, are but different expressions of a socio-economic system based on domination and dispossession as sources of wealth.
Intimate Partner Violence Among Queer Adolescents
Authors: Battle Juan , Grundy Miranda
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The present study examines intimate partner physical violence among queer adolescents. Utilizing a nationally representative sample of high school students, we investigate the influence and interactions of mental health, sexual behavior, and key demographic characteristics on the prevalence of intimate partner physical violence. Informed by an intersectional and queer-theory framework, we employ multivariate regression analysis to identify key risk factors for exposure to intimate partner physical violence among queer adolescents. The findings suggest that negative mental health symptoms, suicidality, social mistreatment based on race and ethnicity, and increased sexual activity are all associated with increased exposure to intimate partner physical violence for queer adolescents. Recommendations include further study of the effectiveness of social programs that target key risk factors like suicidality, bullying, economic vulnerability, and sexual health knowledge. Future studies on intimate partner, physical violence among queer adolescents, should explore comparisons across racial and socioeconomic demographics further.
Economic and Governance Dimensions of ESG Performance: A Comparative Study in the Developing and European Countries
Authors: David Lemuel Kenneth , Wang Jianling , David Victor
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: This research delves into the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metrics on economic practices, focusing on a comparative analysis between developing countries and Europe from 1960 to 2021. It explores how ESG metrics, once peripheral in economic analyses, have become pivotal in shaping economies and societies globally. The study highlights the emerging importance of ESG in understanding economic resilience, societal well-being, and investment priorities, especially in the context of a globalized landscape. Employing a robust mixed-methods approach, the study integrates quantitative and qualitative analyses to examine ESG metrics’ evolving role. Utilizing World Bank data, it encompasses a comprehensive review of 239 regions and nations over a span of six decades. The quantitative component includes descriptive and time series analyses, alongside correlation and regression techniques. Complementing this, a qualitative cultural and economic synthesis provides deeper insight into the data, positioning ESG criteria at the crossroads of financial imperatives, societal obligations, and cultural dynamics. The study uncovers significant correlations between higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) levels and advanced ESG practices in Europe, indicative of societal values that emphasize sustainability. It reveals varying ESG performances across Western and Eastern European countries compared to developing nations, influenced by distinct cultural economies. The research highlights how regional geopolitical events, cultural norms, and values have shaped diverse trajectories in ESG metrics’ evolution. These findings offer nuanced insights into the complex influences of ESG metrics across different economic, sociopolitical, and cultural landscapes. The study’s outcomes are vital for policymakers and investors, unveiling the intricate nuances and implications of ESG trends. It underscores the need for nuanced policy strategies that consider the unique cultural and economic backgrounds of regions, particularly in developing countries. The research advocates for a cultural-economic perspective in sustainable development, emphasizing the dynamic interplay between society, culture, and economy. The findings suggest that embracing diverse ESG applications can lead to more effective and culturally sensitive approaches to economic development and governance. Conclusively, this research offers a comprehensive cultural-economic perspective on the role of ESG metrics in shaping sustainable development. It serves as a foundational analysis for future studies and policy formulations, aiming to enhance the understanding and application of ESG criteria in diverse economic and cultural settings.
Decreasing Productivity in the Primary Healthcare: A Study of the Brazilian Case
Authors: Soares Thiago Costa , Sabioni Lopes Luckas
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT: In 2015, the United Nations (UN) proposed the 2030 Agenda, a resolution that outlines the global goals for sustainable development. This report focuses on promoting health and well-being, emphasizing the importance of primary healthcare (PHC). However, Brazil faces challenges in managing its healthcare system, exacerbated by fiscal policy changes that have reduced public sector expenditures after 2015. This study was motivated by these recent changes in Brazil’s fiscal policy. We evaluated potential fluctuations in total factor productivity (TFP) in 5,524 Brazilian municipalities’ primary healthcare from 2015 to 2019. TFP, a measure of efficiency and production technology in PHC, was computed using the bootstrapping Malmquist productivity index (MPI) derived from the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) algorithm. This study focused on the economic recession and austerity measures initiated in 2015. Moreover, it’s essential to highlight that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil in 2020 brought significant changes to the country’s economic, social, and health dynamics. Therefore, this research intentionally concentrated on the pre-pandemic period. Our results revealed that TFP in the PHC sector in Brazil decreased between 2015 and 2019. It was possible to note that three out of every four Brazilian municipalities experienced either stagnation or a decline in the TFP of primary healthcare, with more pronounced challenges in the Midwest and Northeast regions. Looking at the TFP elements, we could see a continuous drop in technical efficiency everywhere in the country, markedly in the Midwest and Northeast. Conversely, there was a considerable uptick in Brazil’s technological component. These results implied that there might have been advancements in PHC’s technological infrastructure, preventing even less favorable outcomes in the TFP indicator. We concluded that the productivity of primary healthcare in Brazil declined when the 2015 fiscal ceiling was implemented. This decrease in performance was evident in the sluggish growth rate of primary healthcare inputs, a diminution in vaccination coverage indicators, and an increase in hospitalizations for preventable causes. Given that health is a crucial component of social well-being, it is vital to highlight the need for comprehensive efforts to guarantee the effective operation and advancement of primary healthcare services, even during economic downturns.
Method for Brillouin gain spectrum recovery based on compressed sensing with convex optimization
Authors: Zhu Borong , Azad Abul Kalam , Yu Kuanglu , Ma Xiaole
Published: July 2024

The traditional Brillouin optical fiber distributed sensors obtain the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) through frequency-by-frequency sweeping acquisition, which can be time-consuming and data intensive. These characteristics put a lot of pressure on data storage, especially on signal processing. Compressed sensing is a method represented by random sampling to reduce the number of acquisition frequencies, but the results obtained may be unstable. In this paper, we have proposed a reconstruction algorithm based on compressed sensing with convex optimization (COP), which can recover the whole BGS by collecting only 10% of the acquisition frequencies. The recovered BGS can attain a RMSE similar to the fully collected BGS. The proposed algorithm also provides more accurate and stable performances for different random sampling points compared to existing reconstruction methods. For example, for a 10% sampling percentage, with a reduction in error of 2.24 and 0.40 MHz, values are lower than those employing the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit (ROMP), respectively. Moreover, the reconstruction results of the proposed method are more stable for different random sampling points, with a reduction in standard deviation of 2.58 and 0.07 MHz.
Complex-valued recurrent neural network equalizer with low complexity for a 120-Gbps 50-km optical PAM-4 IM/DD system
Authors: Sheng Weijie , Liu Caoyang , Xiao Jiawang , Sun Lin , Cai Yi , Fu H. Y. , Li Qian , Ning Liu Gordon
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a novel complex-valued recurrent neural networks equalizer (RNNE) designed for a 120-Gbps, 50-km optical 4-level pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM-4) intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) system. By mapping adjacent symbols of PAM-4 signals onto the complex domain, the correlation between two adjacent symbols of PAM-4 signals can be preserved. Based on experimental results, the proposed complex-valued RNNE outperforms the traditional real-valued RNNE with a 1.38-dB system power budget gain at the 7% overhead forward error correction BER threshold of 3.8 × 10−3. We believe that complex-valued RNNE has an advantage over real-valued RNNE in processing real-valued signals in IM/DD systems.
Unidirectional hyperbolic whispering-gallery phonon-polariton excitation in boron nitride nanotubes
Authors: Wang Ranran , Zhang Zhihong
Published: July 2024

In two-dimensional (2D) hyperbolic materials, energy is directed into their deep subwavelength polaritonic modes through four narrow beams. Hyperbolic whispering-gallery mode nanocavity-confined phonon polaritons (PhPs) display a strongly enhanced light–matter interaction in the infrared regime. Particularly, the unidirectional phonon-polarization excitation in nanocavities has a potential application value in an on-chip integrated optical circuit design, efficient optical sensors, and enhanced spectral technology. Here, we explore the hyperbolic whispering-gallery mode PhPs on the cross section of a hexagonal BN nanotube (BNNT) and demonstrate that efficient unidirectional excitation can be achieved using a circularly polarized electric dipole, combining with optical spin–orbit coupling. Our results demonstrated that the undirectionality of the hyperbolic polariton propagation in a nanocavity can be conveniently achieved, independent of the structure symmetry of the nanocavity, providing potential applications in nanoscale light propagation, on-chip optical devices, and communication.
Analysis on the minimum structure of harmonic spectra from MgO crystals
Authors: Qiao Yue , Chen Jiaqi , Li Zhigang , Liu Yanping , Jiang Shicheng , Liu Wenjun , Yang Yujun , Chen Jigen
Published: July 2024

Recent theoretical and experimental findings have demonstrated the minimum characteristic in the harmonic spectrum of bulk MgO crystals subjected to intense laser pulses. However, the dominant mechanism behind this minimum structure is still under debate. This study simulates the harmonic spectrum from a MgO crystal in a linearly polarized laser pulse by solving multi-band semiconductor Bloch equations. The results show that the minimum feature at 20 eV in the MgO harmonic spectra from 1700 and 800 nm laser pulses is due to band dispersion and interference between interband harmonics. Notably, the disappearance of the minimum structure at 14 eV in the harmonic spectrum from the 800 nm laser is attributed to the intensity suppression of higher energy harmonics, caused by decreased electron population at the boundary of the first Brillouin zone in the multi-band case. These findings offer insights into the spectral structure of solid-state harmonics, contributing to the all-optical reconstruction of the crystal band based on its harmonic spectrum.
Aero-optical effects, part II. Sources of aberrations: tutorial
Authors: Spencer Mark , Kalensky Matthew , Gordeyev Stanislav , Kemnetz Matthew
Published: July 2024

This paper serves as Part II of a two-part tutorial on ``aero-optical effects.'' In Part I, we provide introductory material with an emphasis on system-level considerations, particularly for those who are new to the field of aero-optics. In Part II, we move on to survey several sources of aberrations. For example, we cover foundational sources like boundary layers and shear layers, as well as miscellaneous sources like mechanical contamination, shock waves, and aero acoustics. Throughout Part II, we emphasize drivers for system-level performance, which appropriately builds on the system-level considerations covered in Part I. This emphasis will inform future efforts looking to develop airborne-laser systems flying at subsonic, supersonic, and hypersonic speeds.
Retrotransposon-mediated disruption of a chitin synthase gene confers insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa toxin
Authors: Liu Zhenxing , Liao Chongyu , Zou Luming , Jin Minghui , Shan Yinxue , Quan Yudong , Yao Hui , Zhang Lei , Wang Peng , Liu Zhuangzhuang , Wang Na , Li Anjing , Liu Kaiyu , Tabashnik Bruce E. , Heckel David G. , Wu Kongming , Xiao Yutao
Published: July 2024

The vegetative insecticidal protein Vip3Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been produced by transgenic crops to counter pest resistance to the widely used crystalline (Cry) insecticidal proteins from Bt. To proactively manage pest resistance, there is an urgent need to better understand the genetic basis of resistance to Vip3Aa, which has been largely unknown. We discovered that retrotransposon-mediated alternative splicing of a midgut-specific chitin synthase gene was associated with 5,560-fold resistance to Vip3Aa in a laboratory-selected strain of the fall armyworm, a globally important crop pest. The same mutation in this gene was also detected in a field population. Knockout of this gene via CRISPR/Cas9 caused high levels of resistance to Vip3Aa in fall armyworm and 2 other lepidopteran pests. The insights provided by these results could help to advance monitoring and management of pest resistance to Vip3Aa.
Endothelial cell specific molecule 1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical cancer via the E-box binding homeobox 1
Authors: Qi Jie , Li Jie , Zhu Xiaoyan , Zhao Sufen
Published: July 2024

Objective

To investigate the mechanism of endothelial cell specific molecule 1 (ESM1) promoting cervical cancer cell proliferation and EMT characteristics through zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1)/EMT pathway.

Methods

The correlation between ESM1 expression and prognosis of cervical cancer patients was analyzed by bioinformatics. SiHa, HeLa cell lines and corresponding control cell lines with stable ESM1 expression were obtained. Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8 assay. The invasion and migration ability of Hela and SiHa cells were detected by Transwell assay and scratch closure assay. Expressions of EMT-related markers E-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by real-time PCR. The ability of silenced ESM1 to tumor formation in vivo was detected by tumor formation in nude mice. The effects of aloe-emodin on inhibit ESM1 expression and its inhibitory effect on cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo were analyzed by the same method.

Results

ESM1 was highly expressed in cervical cancer, and the high expression of ESM1 was associated with poor prognosis of cervical cancer patients. CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation, invasion and migration of Hela and SiHa cells were significantly reduced after siRNA interfered with ESM1 expression. Overexpression of ESM1 promoted the proliferation and migration of cervical cancer cells. Mechanism studies have shown that the oncogenic effect of ESM1 is realized through the ZEB1/PI3K/AKT pathway. High throughput drug screening found that aloe-emodin can target ESM1. Inhibitory effect of aloe emodin on ESM1/ZEB1/EMT signaling pathway and cervical cancer cells.

Conclusion

The silencing of ESM1 expression may inhibit the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting ZEB1/PI3K/AKT. Aloe-emodin is a potential treatment for cervical cancer, which can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting ESM1/ZEB1.