bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Algoritma Penjadwalan Preventive Maintenance dengan Menggunakan Metoda Nippon-Denso dan Analytic Hierarchy Process di PT. Pupuk Kujang I B
Authors: Cucu Wahyudin
Published: February 2022

Sejak tahun 2006 kebutuhan pupuk di Indonesia khususnya di daerah Jawa Barat sebesar 700.500 ton harus dipenuhi oleh PT. Pupuk Kujang Cikampek (Persero), sementara kapasitas produksi hanya sebesar 1.725 ton/hari atau 570.000 ton/tahun. Untuk mencukupi dan memenuhi kebutuhan pasokan pupuk tersebut, kemudian PT. Pupuk Kujang Cikampek (Persero) mendirikan Kujang IB.

Saat ini, Kujang 1B (Dinas Perencanaan dan Pemeliharaan) dalam menjalankan sistem perawatan mesin sudah cukup baik, yaitu dengan melakukan jadwal Preventive Maintenance secara rutin untuk setiap mesinnya selama 4 bulan sekali. Orang-orang yang merawat mesin sudah memiliki pengetahuan yang memadai tentang mesin tersebut dan memiliki pengalaman yang tinggi (jam terbangnya banyak). Walaupundemikian, masih terdapat jumlah down time yang tinggi, yaitu untuk pabrik utility dengan penggerak item turbin 494 jam, motor 941 jam dan pompa 1059 jam. Pabrik Cosorb dengan item penggerak pompa 1710 jam dan compressor 1003 jam. Pabrik Ammonia dengan item penggerak turbin 644 jam, motor 1465 jam, compressor 358 jam dan pompa 442 jam. Pabrik Urea dengan item penggerak motor 3415 jam dan pompa 431 jam.

Jumlah down time tersebut menunjukkan indikasi bahwa performansi dari kegiatan perawatan yang sudah berjalan saat ini kurang memuaskan. Metoda Nippon Denso diduga dapat dijadikan acuan untuk meningkatkan nilai performansi sistem perawatan.
Pengaruh Kondisi Air Terhadap Laju Korosi pada Baja Tulangan
Authors: Bambang Hari Prabowo  , Lela Mukmilah
Published: February 2022

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Penggunaan logam sebagai bahan konstruksi, perlu diketahui seberapa cepatkah suatu logam itu rusak atau tidak berfungsi karena korosi. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan pengendalian korosi agar bahan kontruksi dapat berfungsi maksimal.

Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan kegagalan suatu struktur beton diantaranya kekuatan ikatan atau kuat lekat (bonding strength) antara beton dan tulangannya sendiri. Penurunan kekuatan ikatan beton dengan tulangannya dapat terjadi bila pada permukaan baja tulangan yang digunakan sebelum atau setelah dilakukan pengecoran terdapat kotoran berupa deposit korosi, tanah, minyak pelumas dan lain-lain.

Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan perendaman selama beberapa waktu pada baja tulangan di berbagai kondisi air digunakan sebagai cara untuk mengukur laju korosi pada baja tulangan konstruksi beton, karena air adalah salah satu komposisi utama untuk tercampurnya beton, yang akan memicu proses kimiawi semen, membasahi agregat dan memberikan kemudahan dalam pengerjaan beton. Sehingga dari usaha ini, diharapkan, dapat diketahui kondisi air yang dipakai untuk pembuatan beton bertulang, dengan mempertimbangkan dampak yang akan dialami oleh baja tulangan di dalam beton tersebut.
Implementasi Algoritma Koreksi Diffrential GPS Dengan Metode Diferensial Tunggal Secara Post-Processing
Authors: Pujo Laksono
Published: February 2022

Dengan adanya perbedaan klasifikasi pada alat, serta kesalahan-kesalahan alami serta teknis pada sistem GPS, maka dibutuhkan sebuah metode untuk meningkatkan akurasi untuk aplikasi-aplikasi yang membutuhkan akurasi tinggi. Dalam hal ini, metode koreksi DGPS dengan diferensial tunggal menawarkan solusi yang dapat memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Penelitian ini berisi studi menyangkut implementasi serta kelayakan metode koreksi DGPS di lapangan untuk aplikasi statis dengan pengolahan data post-processing.

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan studi referensi, kemudian eksplorasi terhadap alat yang digunakan, dalam hal ini pesawat GPS kelas-A dan pesawat GPS kelas-B. Setelah pemahaman terhadap alat tercapai, dilakukan implementasi dan pengujian terhadap metode koreksi DGPS ini sehingga akan dapat dianalisis mengenai tingkat akurasi serta kelayakan dari penerapan metode koreksi DGPS dengan diferensial tunggal.
Русский предэкзистенциализм: К.Н. Леонтьев
Authors: Морозова Инесса
Published: February 2022

В статье представлен анализ экзистенциальных мотивов художественного творчества К.Н. Леонтьева, в котором нашла отражение трансформация экзистенциальных интенций, представленных в мировоззренческом синтезе писателя, с учетом эволюции его мышления, противоречивой и неординарной личности Леонтьева, подтверждающий его принадлежность к русскому предэкзистенциализму.
Польско-советская война 1920 г. и ее отражение в произведениях Демьяна Бедного
Authors: Федоров Максим
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается одно из наиболее сложных и противоречивых событий в истории советско-польских отношений – военная кампания 1920 года. Она нашла отражение в произведениях пролетарского поэта Демьяна Бедного. Поскольку в период Гражданской войны он был приближен к власти и тесно общался с Лениным, поэт воспринимал себя летописцем происходящих событий, и его голос выражал официальную позицию молодого Советского государства. Произведения Демьяна Бедного дают возможность понять, как посредством литературы (совмещение реального и вымышленного) формировалась официальная советская идеология.
Album "Królestwo Polskie" w serii Malownicza Rosja. Zjawisko eklektyzmu w rosyjskiej sztuce książki w XIX wieku
Authors: Mostowicz-Kapciak Ewa
Published: February 2022

W artykule przeprowadzono analizę formalną albumu Królestwo Polskie, wydanego w serii Malownicza Rosja przez Towarzystwo Maurycego Wolffa. Kompleksowej analizie poddano motywy zdobnicze, kształt czcionek, stylistykę grafiki, dekoracji dzieła i fotografii. Wskazano źródła rycin i zdjęć. Uzasadniono, że na kształt strony edytorskiej dzieła miały wpływ zmiany w sztuce i w przemyśle XIX wieku, które sprawiły, że stało się ono pod względem formalnym dziełem różnorodnym, łączącym elementy minionych epok z oznakami postępu technologicznego.
Fostering Agriculture under the Industrializing State: The Caja de Crédito Agrario and Agricultural Credit in Post-Depression Chile, 1926-53
Authors: González Correa Ignacio , Robles Claudio
Published: February 2022

This paper analyzes the role of the Caja de Crédito Agrario (CCA) in the development of the agricultural credit market in post-depression Chile. Employing its official annual reports, reports from the Superintendency of Banks, and Chile’s Statistical Yearbooks, we constructed the first series of CCA’s credit operations, and established trends in the number, the average amount, and the social, geographic, and specific economic activity distribution of all loans. From 1927 to 1952, CCA loans represented 11.5% of all commercial bank loans, and in the latter year the CCA lent more money to agriculture than any other bank. The CCA became Chile’s largest agricultural bank, right before being merged with other institutions to create the State Bank of Chile. The CCA’s credit was decentralized: its operations evolved towards a fairly balanced distribution of loans among Chile’s main agricultural provinces. This was a micro-credit institution that allocated the vast majority of its loans to small farmers, who otherwise would not have access to formal credit. The CCA was a public policy tool for helping small farmers produce food for domestic consumption. Contrary to conventional views, in Chile the industrialization-promoting state did also foster agricultural growth through CCA public credit.
MANUAL FOR THE STUDY OF LOGIC based on the material of advertising messages
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Morozov V.E.
Published: February 2022

The manual is intended for students of the humanities, primarily for students in the direction of "Advertising and public relations". The purpose of the manual is to link the study of logic with the solution of future specialists in the field of advertising of their professional tasks, primarily with the ability to logically analyze the content of advertising messages. The manual can also be useful for students of journalistic, philological and economic fields of study.
Investigation of outbreak cases infected with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.640 variant in a fully vaccinated elderly population, Normandy, France, November to December 2021
Authors: Mastrovito Brice , Naimi Chloé , Kouam Leslie , Naudot Xavier , Fournier Lucie , Spaccaferri Guillaume , Plantier Jean-Christophe , Soares Anaïs , De Oliveira Fabienne , Gueudin Marie , Jacomo Véronique , Leroy Céline , Moisan Alice , Martel Mélanie
Published: February 2022

Three confirmed infections with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.640 variant under monitoring were reported in Normandy, north-western France in late November 2021. Investigations led to the identification of two events linked to the same cluster. A total of 75 confirmed and probable B.1.640 cases were reported. All had completed the primary vaccination series. Sixty-two cases were older than 65 years. Fifty-six cases had symptoms and four were hospitalised. This investigation provides preliminary results concerning a variant with limited information currently available.
FAILURE TO CONSIDER FUTURE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION RATE CONTROL NEEDS AFTER PRESENTATION TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT WITH RAPID RATE
Authors:   Shabnam Tiwari, MD,2 Katherine White, MD,1 Shubash Adhikari, MD,2 Johnathan Cobb, MS4,1 Johnathan Shakesprere, MS4,1 Erik Hanson, PharmD,4 Suzanne Kemper, MPH,3 Elaine Davis, RN, MBA,  EdD,3 William Carter, MD,3*
Published: February 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) usually presents to the emergency room (ED) with a rapid ventricular rate, which commonly, but not always, is symptomatic. Rate control is usually easily managed with diltiazem (DTZ) and beta blockers (BBs), typically metoprolol (MTP). Sinus rhythm is frequently restored within 48 hours by means of spontaneous conversion, electrical cardioversion, or medications. However, AF recurs within one year in 60-80% of these subjects. There are little data describing doses of DTZ and MTP used for AF rate control at discharge. A retrospective study of 576 patients presenting with acute AF were evaluated for admission and discharge rate control medications (RCMs). For the 319 (68%) patients with a ventricular rate ≥110bpm the admission and discharge dose of MTP was 61mg and 63mg and DTZ was 195mg and 204mg, respectively. Those who remained in AF had a modest increase in the two medications compared to the patients who converted to sinus rhythm. Current guidelines recommend DTZ up to 300 to 400mg and MTP up to 300mg for rate control for select patients. Concerns about high doses of MTP are mitigated by the MERIT-HF Trial demonstrating improved mortality and symptoms with doses of MTP up to 200mg demonstrating the safety and efficacy of MTP in high risk patients. Lack of follow-up of future AF recurrences is a limitation of the study. For those patients with acute AF and a heart rate (HR) >110bpm, a minimal increase in RCMs for those in AF at discharge was noted.
Risk taking, cultural values and beliefs: Cameroon-France comparison
Authors:   Hélène Chantal Ngah Essomba*,1,2, Julien Cestac3, Edouard-Adrien Mvessomba1, Raymond Mbédé1, Patricia Delhomme3
Published: February 2022

Risk-taking related to road mobility of vulnerable users can be different from one country to another, from one culture to another. Vulnerable users (pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists), who are those whose exterior protections are most lacking compared to drivers of cars or trucks, constitute almost half of the individuals killed in road accidents (WHO, 2015). Contexts, cultural values and beliefs are likely to play a role in risk taking (Cestac et al., 2016; Delhomme & Meyer, 1995; Kouabenan, 2007;). This research aims to compare Cameroonians to French in terms of beliefs, cultural values and motivation for protection and identify the predictors of attitude and intention to infringe the red light. It was conducted among 156 Cameroonians and 131 French using a self-assessment questionnaire. Results showed differences in beliefs, motivation for protection and cultural values. Cameroonians have a strong religiosity compared to the French. The differences observed in terms of beliefs are in line with the reflection of Ingelhart (1999) who shows that there are more beliefs in Africa than in Europe. Cameroonians have a strong religiosity compared to French. The differences observed in terms of beliefs are in line with Ingelhart’ (1999) positions who shows there are more beliefs in Africa than in Europe.
POSTOPERATIVE BLEEDING AFTER MICRODEBRIDER-ASSISTED INTRACAPSULAR TONSILLECTOMY AND EXTRACAPSULAR TONSILLECTOMY. A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors:   Panagiotis Saravakos, Savvas Kourtidis, Serena Preyer
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Post-tonsillectomy bleeding is one of the most common complications of tonsillectomy. The rate varies with different methods. Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of postoperative bleeding after total, extracapsular tonsillectomy, and after subtotal, intracapsular, microscope- and microdebrider- assisted tonsillectomy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent a tonsillectomy in a period of two years. We compared two surgical methods, extracapsular tonsillectomy and microscope- and microdebrider-assisted intracapsular tonsillectomy. Results: Five hundred seventy patients were included in the study. Postoperative hemorrhage occurred in 100 patients (17.5%). By the extracapsular tonsillectomy method, postoperative bleeding was noted in 82 patients (19.7%), while by the intracapsular technique in 18 (11.7%) patients. A return-to-theatre to achieve hemostasis was required in 38 patients (9.1%) and 3 patients (1.9%), respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed a statistically significant lower incidence of post-tonsillectomy bleeding and need to perform revision surgery under general anesthesia to control bleeding after intracapsular tonsillectomy.
Análisis de contingencia de la distribución natural de pinos mexicanos en categoría de riesgo
Authors: Pérez-Miranda Ramiro , Velasco-Bautista Efraín , Romero-Sánchez Martín Enrique , Hernández-Ramos Jonathan
Published: February 2022

Los estudios sobre la distribución natural de especies son necesarios para determinar el efecto de las condiciones sociales y ambientales en su distribución espacial. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron conocer la distribución natural de especies de pino, consideradas en riesgo por las leyes mexicanas e identificar la posible asociación entre estas categorías y factores socio-ambientales (marginación, degradación de suelos y productividad forestal). Para esto, se integró una base de datos sobre ubicación y características socioeconómicas de los pinos creada a partir de diversas fuentes. La independencia entre las categorías de riesgo de los pinos y los factores socio-ambientales se evaluó mediante un análisis de contingencia, el cual considera como estadístico de prueba una chi-cuadrada. Se obtuvo un total de 2480 registros de las 20 especies de pinos listadas. En zonas de muy alta marginación se encuentra 4.48% de los registros, 26.21% en alta, el 18.47% en media y 50.85% en baja. Trece especies se encuentran en suelos degradados: 55.79% de los registros están en situación moderada, 37.76% ligera, 6.22% fuerte y el 0.21% extrema. En áreas de producción se encuentran 65.89% (del total de las especies), 30.81% en conservación y el 3.31% en restauración. Las estadísticas de prueba de chi-cuadrada manifestaron que las proporciones de las especies de pino en peligro de extinción ─y en protección especial─ no son iguales en los diferentes tipos de zonificación forestal, así como en los distintos grados de marginación y de degradación del suelo.
Tecnologías ómicas para la exploración de la biocostra del suelo
Authors: Márquez-Godoy Jaime Neftalí , González-Escobedo Román
Published: February 2022

Las tecnologías “ómicas” son herramientas novedosas que facilitan el estudio de las comunidades microbianas de distintos ecosistemas, particularmente de la costra biológica del suelo, también llamada biocostra. Entre estas tecnologías se encuentran la genómica, transcriptómica, proteómica, metabolómica y metagenómica, que son utilizadas para analizar la diversidad y las funciones que llevan a cabo los microorganismos a través del estudio de sus biomoléculas y vías metabólicas. Entre los microorganismos que habitan la biocostra destacan las cianobacterias, las cuales son un grupo de bacterias fototróficas encargadas de realizar procesos importantes en el suelo, tal como la fijación de nitrógeno atmosférico, carbono orgánico, síntesis de clorofila y ficobilinas, así como la producción de exopolisacáridos para mejorar la estabilidad y fertilidad del suelo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente revisión es el de explorar la diversidad y la función que desempeñan estas comunidades microbianas en la biocostra, particularmente las cianobacterias, destacando los estudios realizados mediante el uso de las tecnologías ómicas. El conocimiento generado en los últimos años a través de las tecnologías ómicas ha demostrado la limitada cobertura que presentan las técnicas moleculares tradicionales, resultando en una subestimación de la diversidad real de las comunidades microbianas. Además, se ha mejorado la comprensión de los procesos ecológicos desarrollados por los microorganismos en beneficio de la biocostra, así como las capacidades funcionales individuales y colectivas, las cuales servirán como línea base para proponer estrategias importantes que solucionen la problemática de la degradación de los suelos.
Comportamiento del chile Huacle (Capsicum annuum L.) con aplicación de compost y Azospirillum sp. en invernadero
Authors: Galeote-Cid Gaudencio , Cano-Ríos Pedro , Ramírez-Ibarra José Apolinar , Nava-Camberos Urbano , Reyes-Carrillo José Luis , Cervantes-Vázquez María Gabriela
Published: February 2022

México es considerado centro de origen del chile (Capsicum annuum L.) y tiene dos grupos de chiles: los comunes (disponibles en todo el país) y los locales. La presente investigación se realizó con el propósito de conocer el comportamiento de los genotipos de chile Huacle negro, rojo y amarillo (chiles locales de Cuicatlán, Oaxaca, utiliza dos para elaborar el mole negro), así como evaluar su rendimiento y calidad bajo condiciones de invernadero con dos sistemas de producción: orgánico e inorgánico, con aplicación y no aplicación de rizo-bacterias Azospirillum sp. La siembra se realizó en charolas de 200 cavidades, utilizando peat moss como sustrato. Los sustratos utilizados fueron: arena + compost con la dosis de a) 20% y b) 35% y para el testigo c) arena al 100%. Las macetas se colocaron a doble hilera en tresbolillo espaciadas a 30 cm entre planta y planta y 80 cm entre pasillos. El diseño experimental utilizado fue en bloques completamente al azar con dos repeticiones y una unidad experimental de 8 macetas por genotipo. Las siguientes variables: altura de planta, número de hojas por planta, peso verde y seco de la parte aérea de la planta, peso verde y seco de la raíz, y número de frutos por planta mostraron valores más altos en el sistema de producción convencional a base de sustrato con arena al 100% y solución nutritiva inorgánica. El rendimiento en seco y la calidad del fruto (diámetro polar, ancho de la cavidad y grosor de pulpa) fueron mayores en el sistema de producción orgánico a base de compost y aplicaciones de Azospirillum. Se puede concluir que los genotipos de chile Huacle, el genotipo negro, se adaptaron de manera favorable al sistema de producción orgánico con dosis de 20% de compost y aplicaciones de Azospirillum.
Drought Events in Western Part of Timor Island Indonesia
Authors: Sabuna Flegor Hermes , Hidayati Rini , Santikayasa I Putu , Taufik Muh
Published: February 2022

Drought is a below-averaged condition of water availability, which has detrimental impacts on many sectors. Many studies have been performed on drought analysis in Indonesia, yet knowledge about drought in western Timor is still limited. This research carried out a historical meteorological drought analysis based on a 3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) using global climate data for 1989-2018. The index value was then categorized into three groups: moderate, severe, and extreme. We assessed: (i) the influence of El Niño phenomena to drought events, (ii) drought class frequency, and (iii) drought trend. Based on historical data, western Timor had a monsoonal pattern with dominant dry period, which occurred in April to November. The results showed that the drought events were mostly influenced by El Niño. Seasonally, El Niño not only increased the drought frequency in July-August (JJA) season, but also in other seasons. In El Niño year of 2015, drought covered most parts of study area during September-November (SON) season, especially in the western part. Dry conditions increased in June, reached maximum in September-November, and decreased in December. Other findings show that an extreme drought consistently had a downtrend, while the moderate drought had upward trends. Spatiotemporal drought analysis using SPI and SPEI showed similar patterns, SPEI detected a higher frequency of drought classes compared to SPI. This study suggests that knowledge on drought-related El Niño will benefit on drought mitigation action in the future.
Kinerja Ekspor Komoditas Primer terhadap Inflasi dan Nilai Tukar Pada Era Pandemi Di Indonesia : Pendekatan Prebisch Singer Hypothesis
Authors: Sritrisniawati Shella Elly , Evi Gravitiani
Published: February 2022

Perdagangan internasional berkonstrubusi penting dalam perkembangan ekonomi suatu negara. Salah satu pendekatan ekonomi yang fokus pada harga komoditas yaitu Raul Prebisch dan Hans Singer atau sering disebut Hipotesis Prebisch-Singer. Dengan adanya fenomena pendemi COVID-19 berdampak pada lemahnya ekonomi dunia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan jangka panjang dan kausalitas antara ekspor komoditas primer dalam penentuan harga serta untuk memaparkan kondisi pandemi sesuai dengan hipotesis tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode yaitu Cointegration dan Granger Causality. Variabel yang digunakan nilai volume ekspor dari beberapa komoditas primer terhadap inflasi dan nilai tukar. Pada periode bulanan dari tahun 2019-2021. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan hubungan searah antara nilai ekspor komoditas primer dengan inflasi dan juga pada nilai tukar. Hubungan jangka panjang tidak sesuai dengan Hipotesis Prebisch Singer. Pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan tingkat kinerja ekspor komoditas primer terganggu karena pembatasan kegiatan ekonomi (lockdown). Sehingga mengakibatkan tingkat harga komoditas primer mengalami penurunan sementara dan akan kembali stabil dimasa mendatang.
Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potential of Acacia auriculiformis Methanol Leaves Extract Against Breast Cancer Cell Model
Authors: Sundari Triska Desi , Wijayanti Nastiti
Published: February 2022

Acacia auriculiformis is a plant which often found in Indonesia. Acacia leaves have been known to have high antioxidant content. The phenolic compound of A. auriculiformis is the largest of these plants and phenolic compound have potential as anticancer protective agents. The aims of this study were to determine the phenolic compound, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity of acacia leaves extract against T47D and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. Phenolic compounds were examined by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH assay, followed by cytotoxicity and antiproliferation test measured by MTT Assay to obtain the IC50 value and percent of antiproliferation. Based on TLC, A. auriculiformis methanol leaves extract contain a phenolic compound with Rf value of 0.85 compared to gallic acid. ÃÂ Antioxidant activity A. auriculiformis with IC50 value of 9 ppm is classified as high antioxidant activity and MTT assay results for cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 273.8 and 31.26 ppm for T47D and MCF-7 cells, respectively. Antiproliferative analysis also showed high values for MCF-7 cells. These data have shown that methanol leaves extract of A. auriculiformis has high antioxidant activity and inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation but not T47D breast cancer cell lines.ÃÂ
The Effect of Young Papaya Seed Extract on the Number of Male Mice Spermatozoes (Mus musculus)
Authors: Louise Calame Tannya Efritzka , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Merta I Wayan
Published: February 2022

Papaya fruit has many benefits, one of which is papaya seed can be used as antifertility drugs especially young papaya seeds. This is because young papaya seeds contain secondary metabolites of alkaloid glycosides and proteolytic enzymes such as papain which can interfere with spermatogenesis. This aims to determine the effect of young papaya seed extract of a mice number spermatozoa. Mice were randomly selected to represent 4 dose groups: control group (P0), extract 30mg/BW (PI), extract 60mg/BW (PII) and extract 90mg/BW (PIII). Each treatment group was carried out with six repetitions. The treatment was given intravenously by injecting it in the tail of the mice for 15 consecutive days. The observed spermatozoa quality variables is a number of spermatozoa. Data analysis used one way ANOVA significance test 5% (p<0,05) and continuedÃÂ  with the LSD (Least Significant Difference) 95% confidence. The result of the study on the quality of spermatozoa showed a significant effect at the doses of 60mg/BW (PII) and 90mg/BW (PIII). The higher dose of young papaya seed extract, it increasingly affects the number of sperm. The research concluded that the extract of young papaya seeds has a significant impact of a mice number spermatozoa (Mus musculus).
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) Effect on Mutagenesis in Balinese Red Rice (Oryza sativa cv. Barak Cenana)
Authors: Arta Dana Ida Bagus Made , Hardjo Popy Hartatie , Marianti Purwanto Maria Goretti , Pujiyanti Aloysia Sri , Indriyani Indriyani
Published: February 2022

Ã¢â¬ÅBarak CenanaÃ¢â¬Â is one of the local red rice (Oryza sativa) with high economic value due to its nutrient content. Some of the agronomic characters such as tall shoot, low number of tiller, and late harvesting are drawbacks to improving production. Ethyl Methyl Sulphonate (EMS) is a chemical mutagen widely used to improve rice characters by mutation breeding. The present research aims to investigate the EMS concentration suitable to induce mutation in Barak Cenana and observe the mutagenesis effect of EMS on some agronomic characters of Barak Cenana. For those purposes, mature seeds of Barak Cenana were treated with various concentrations of EMS (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.1 %) for 24 hours. Seed germination, plant growth, some agronomic character related to productivity were compared to untreated rice. EMS reduced and delayed seed germination and inhibit shoot and root growth in early vegetative stage. The ability of EMS to reduce and delay seed germination and inhibit shoot and root growth were doses dependent. EMS concentration of more than 1.0% was lethal for Barak cenana and EMS concentration at 0.75% was able to reduce rice productivity by increasing seed sterility. EMS concentrations between 0.25 and 0.5% with 24 h of soaking are suitable for inducing mutagenesis in Barak Cenana. Additionally, some mutants with distinct morphology such as sterile plant, semi-dwarf, high tillering capacity, and high chlorophyll contents were produced in this research.
Effects of Sargassum crassifolium Extract Formula as Biostimulant on Growth and Yield of Glycine max L. Merill
Authors: Noli Zozy Aneloi , Azwar Muhammad
Published: February 2022

The research about the Effect of Sargassum crassifolium Extract Formula as Biostimulant to Increase Growth and Yield of Glycine max L. Merill was conducted from February until June 2020 at the warehouse of Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang. The research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of liquid and powder extract formula of S. crassifolium as biostimulant on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merill). The research was conducted by an experimental method arrange in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The experiment consisted of 3 treatments. Each treatment was laid out with nine replications. The treatments tested were control, liquid extract (0.4%), powder extract (1.6 g/L). The results showed that the application of liquid extract gave a higher tendency towards the improvement of the root system, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content, and 100 seeds weight of soybean plant. While the powder extracts shown the best result on the total seed weight. Both of extract formula had the potential to be used to increase growth and yield of soybean.
Characteristics of Host Trees as Habitat for Ephiphytic Orchids in the Cibereum waterfall Path, Mount Gede Pangrango, West Java
Authors: Prapitasari Bela , Kurniawan Ardyan Pramudya
Published: February 2022

An epiphytic orchid is one type of orchid that has the characteristics of habitat attached to the host tree. Mount Gede Pangrango, especially in the Cibereum waterfall, Selabintana, is a tropical forest area with many large host trees with a lush canopy, causing the epiphytic orchid species to form be abundant in the area. This study aims to determine the type and characteristics of the host tree used as a habitat for epiphytic orchids in the Cibereum waterfall path. The research method is to make ten plots on the right and left sides of the path, with each plot measuring 500x5 m and the distance between plots is 100 m. The results showed that on the Cibereum waterfall path, 33 species of host trees were found, consisting of 20 families. At the same time, the types of orchids found were 31 species from 12 genera. Almost all of the orchid hosts are trees, except for Brassaiopsis glomerulata are shrubs and Cyathea sp are poles. The characteristics of host trees as habitat for epiphytic orchids are: 4-51 m tall, trunk diameter 7-89 cm, canopy width 0-20 m, bark thickness 0-1.2 cm, bark texture rough to medium, generally colored brown, has no sap except for Ficus variegata, the surface of the trunk contains moss, and the epiphytic orchid growth zone on the host tree is mostly found in zones III and IV.
The Biological Parameters as an Indicators of Water Quality for a Tourism Area Spot in Jurang Sate Primary Canal Central of Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Dzurrahmi Baiq Dini Najia , Idrus Agil Al , Japa Lalu
Published: February 2022

Jurang Sate primary canal is one of the the main irrigation canal in central Lombok whichÃÂ  supplies water from the main network, namely Jangkok, Sesaot, and Keru Feeder weir to several secondary canal and to irrigated tertiary plots. The local community use the Jurang Sate Primary canal in a variety of daily activities, and nowadays it is used as a means of water tourism. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality for ectourism area spot of the Jurang Sate primary canal based on biological parameters, namely the total Coliform bacteria, and the diversity of phytoplankton species. Measurement of coliform bacteria parameters and phytoplankton diversity was carried out ex-situ. The results showed that the total Coliform bacteria count in each sample calculated with MPN index was in the range of 170-110000 MPN/100 ml. The phytoplankton identified in this study were 24 species, 15 orders, and 6 classes. Phytoplankton species diversity index value of 1.32 (medium category). The water of the primary channel of Jurang Sate was categorized in moderately polluted. The conclusion of this research is the water of the Jurang Sate primary canal is not ideal for water tourism activity.
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and brown algae (Sargassum sp.) Supplementation on Nutritional Content of Payangka Fish Nugget (Ophieleotris aporos (Bleeker)
Authors: Abdullah Wisda Nurjannah , Mege Revolson Alexius , Arrijani Arrijani , Mokosuli Yermia Semuel
Published: February 2022

Payangka fish (Ophieleotris aporos (Bleeker)) is one of the most common fish species in Lake Tondano, North Sulawesi. Due to the availability of this fish throughout the year, it is one of the types of fish consumed by many people. However, the economic value tends to be below. This study diversified payangka fish into nuggets with clove spice (Syzygium aromaticum) and brown seaweed (Sargassum sp) supplementation. The research conducted aims to obtain a proximate profile and fatty acid content of payangka nugget. The research method used is an experimental laboratory method. The study consisted of preparing payangka fish, making payangka nuggets supplemented with clove and seaweed extracts, proximate analysis by gravimetric method and analysis of fatty acid content by gas chromatography method. The results showed that the supplemented payangka nugget had 67% water content, 0.80% ash content, 0.05% total fat, and 10.50% crude fiber. Omega 3 content is 4.75%, while Omega 6 content is 34.16%. Payangka fish nuggets that were supplemented had a higher nutritional content than those without supplementation. Payangka fish nuggets supplemented with clove extract and brown seaweed contain good dietary content.
Growth Performance Sargassum sp. Cultivated in Labuan Ijuk, Moyo Hilir Sumbawa Besar Regency, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Cokrowati Nunik , Setyowati Dewi Nur'aeni , Lumbessy Salnida Yuniarti , Erwansyah Erwansyah
Published: February 2022

Sargassum sp. is an alginate-producing brown alga that is used in the food, drug, and cosmetic industries. Sargassum sp. can be found in the waters of West Nusa Tenggara, namely on the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa. Sargassum sp. has not been cultivated in the waters of West Nusa Tenggaracurrently, Sargassum sp. is only exploited from nature. So it is necessary to cultivate efforts in the waters of West Nusa Tenggara. The waters of Labuan Ijuk, Sumbawa Besar Regency, have the potential as a location for the development of Sargassum sp. This study aimed to study the growth performance of Sargassum sp. with different initial seedling weights by using the bottom-off method. The research method used is the experimental method with the experimental design is a completely randomized design. The treatment in this study consisted of five treatments with four replications. Treatment A with 50 gr seed weight, B 75 gr seed weight, C 100 gr seedling weight, D 125 gr seedling weight, and E 150 gr seedling weight. Data analysis using ANOVA and 5% BNJ follow-up test. The results showed that the highest absolute weight was obtained in treatment E, which was 39.75 g, as well as the highest specific weight was obtained in treatment E, which was 36.81%. The lowest absolute weight was obtained in treatment C, 24.25 g, with the lowest specific weight also being 26.47%. This research concludes the optimum growth of Sargassum sp. obtained in cultivation using an initial seed weight of 150 gs.ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ  ÃÂ
Diversity Insects of Spring in Mutis Timau Nature Reserve, TTS District, NTT Province
Authors: Semiun Chatarina Gradict , Boli Duhan Gaudensius U. U.
Published: February 2022

Insect diversity is believed to be used as a bio-indicator of spring quality, this study aimed at determining the spring insect diversity around the Mutis Timau Nature Reserve. The study was conducted from June to August 2019. Insects were caught by using the yellow pan trap and hand sorting. The diversity of spring insects was determined based on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), species richness index (R1), species dominance index (D), and evenness index (E). The results showed that 16 species belong to 11 families, and five orders of insects. The families included Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae, Tetrigidae, Formicidae, Pompilidae, Apidae, Ochteridae, Veliidae, Hydrometridae, Nepidae, Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae, Carabidae, and Coccinellidae. The Shannon-Wiener species diversity index and the wealth index of the species of springs were classified as moderate (H '= 2.12 and R1 = 4.19). There was no type of spring insects dominated (D = 0.23). All springs insects were found to have almost the same level of evenness (E<1), with a value of 0.76. Abiotic factors such as pH and soil temperature were within the tolerance range of spring insects.ÃÂ ÃÂ
Identification of Parasitic Worm Eggs in Cow Feces from Sepang Bay, Lembar District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Jupri Ahmad , Jannah Nina Nurraudatul
Published: February 2022

Cows are one of the ruminant animals and farm animals that have a higher economic value compared to other livestock such as chickens, goats, buffalo and others, so many people build cattle farming businesses. In this case, the health of farm animals is one of the main factors that determine the successful production of cows. The study aims to detect the type of eggs from parasitic worms in cow feces and the degree of infection based on Total Standard (Egg Per Gram). Fecal sampling is done randomly from traditional breeder cows in Teluk Sepang Lembar Subdistrict. The sample number of 10 community cattle farms. Identification of the type of worm was carried out at UPTD Animal Hospital and Veterinary Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Office of West Nusa Tenggara Province. Furthermore, quantitative examination uses the buoyant method (Flotation method) and qualitatively with the Mc. Master method that calculates the number of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces. The results showed 6 negative samples and 4 positive samples infected with parasitic worms,and ÃÂ 2 types of worm eggs of the nematode class namely Trichostrongylus sp. and Chabertia ovina , and 1 species of cestoda class namely Moniezia sp. Based on the standard total EPG (Egg Per Gram) feces it is known that the degree of infection of the type of worm eggs Trichostrongylus sp., Chabertia ovina and Moniezia sp. It is low level.ÃÂ
Ecological valuation of city parks (Case study for Mataram City)
Authors: Suripto Suripto , A. Jupri, , B. Farista, , A. Virgota, , Ahyadi H.
Published: February 2022

City parks, apart from having an aesthetic function as a place for recreation, also have an ecological function with vegetation components to soften the microclimate. Vegetation analysis was carried out in six city parks in Mataram City to determine the vegetation structure. Microclimate factors of the park, namely light intensity, air temperature and humidity inside and outside the park during the day and observations of sound attenuation at night have been carried out. Climatic data is carried out to determine the park's ability to reduce heat and air temperature, increase air humidity and reduce noise and determine the park's environmental discomfort index. Of the six urban parks observed in the city of Mataram, namely the parks of Ampenan, Malomba, Udayana, Sangkareang, Mayura, and Selagalas, it is known that there are three groups of vegetation structures, namely trees-shrubs, shrubs-trees, and shrubs. Vegetation with various compositions of life forms in each city park only controls 40 to 60% of the land area of the park. Urban parks in Mataram City have a low level of ability to soften the microclimate, which is below 5%. In reducing heat and air temperature, and increasing air humidity. City parks are also known to have a low ability to reduce noise. The city parks of Ampenan, Udayana and Sangkareang have an environmental comfort level equivalent to the discomfort felt by more than 50% of the population, while the Malomba, Mayura, and Selagalas parks have a level of comfort equivalent to the discomfort felt by less than 50% of the population. The existence of urban park vegetation is only able to reduce the discomfort index of 7 to 9%.
Technical Efficiency of Lobster (Panulirus sp) Farming in East Lombok Regency
Authors: Nursan Muhammad , Husni Syarif , Yusuf M. , Utama FR Aeko Fria , Widiyanti Ni Made Nike Zeamita
Published: February 2022

East Lombok Regency is one of the centers for the development of aquaculture and the largest lobster seed producer in Indonesia. However, in terms of productivity, lobster cultivation is still relatively low due to the less optimal use of production factors and management in carrying out lobster rearing cultivation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that affect the production of lobster rearing aquaculture and to analyze the level of technical efficiency and the factors that influence the technical inefficiency of lobster rearing aquaculture in East Lombok Regency. Descriptive research method was selected in this research. Cross section data was collected using a survey technique on 40 respondents who were selected by simple random sampling. The collected data was then analyzed using the Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier production function with the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) method. The results showed that the production of lobster rearing aquaculture in East Lombok Regency was significantly influenced at the alpha level 5% by the variables of the number of cages, feed, number of family dependents and dummy species. The level of technical efficiency of lobster rearing cultivation is classified as efficient with a technical efficiency value of 0.94. Then the factors that affect the inefficiency of lobster rearing business in East Lombok Regency include age, education level and training dummy.
The Preference of Trigona sp for pollen various plant species in Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari
Authors: Uyun Wardatul , Karnan Karnan , Yamin M.
Published: February 2022

Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lesatri (KRPL) is one of the efforts that can be done to manage food security in the face of climate change. The management of the potential contained in KRPL is by applying Trigona sp honey bee cultivation which is integrated with agricultural land. The success of honey bee cultivation is highly dependent on the availability of feed in the environment. This study aims to determine the preferences of pollen collected by Trigona sp at KRPL. This type of research is a qualitative research with Chi square analysis. The research sample was bee pollen contained in 14 stup. The research was conducted from July-November. Data collection was carried out in October and November by making observations at KRPL with an area of 784 meters then making plant reference preparations that have the potential to be Trigona sp pollen feed in KRPL and comparing reference preparations with pollen preparations in Trigona sp stup. The results of the research at KRPL showed that there were 20 types of plant pollen in KRPL. The results of the descriptive analysis with chi square showed that there was a preference for the type of pollen that was fed to Trigona sp bees with a value of x2h > x2t so that H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted.
Identification of Diseases and Pests of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) in the Pedan Hamlet Plantation, Karanglo, Tawangmangu
Authors: Fatimah Fety , Khasanah Hidayatun Nurul , Khoirunnisa Rif'atin , 'Aini Farhah Qurrotu , Hanik Nur Rokhimah
Published: February 2022

Cauliflower (Brassicca oleracia var.brotrytis L.) is a type of vegetable that belongs to the Brassicaceae family (a type of cabbage with small white flowers). The purpose of the research on cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.) was to identify pests and diseases that attack cauliflower (Brasica oleracea var. Botrytis L.). The method used in this study was to go directly to the field once in August 2021. Observations were made on agricultural land owned by farmers in Pedan Hamlet, Karanglo Village, Tawangmangu, Karanganyar. The results showed that from three different land samples, different pests and diseases were encountered. In the first land sample, several pests were found such as grasshoppers, capers, spiders, and cauliflower caterpillars (Plutella xylostella) while the diseases that attacked were some cauliflower affected by whip tail disease, but very many cauliflower plants were found that were attacked by black rot and soft. In the second land sample, the most common pests found were capers, third field mop spiders, and the pests encountered were grasshoppers, spiders, capers and caterpillars and cauliflower caterpillars. While the disease that attacks is whiptail disease. In conclusion, the average pests that attack cauliflower plants are capers, spiders, cauliflower caterpillars and grasshoppers. And the common diseases that attack cauliflower plants are black rot, soft rot and whip tail.
Stomatal Characteristics of 5 Citrus L. Species (Rutaceae) From Pekanbaru, Riau Province
Authors: Sofiyanti Nery , Wahyuni Putri Intan , Iriani Dyah
Published: February 2022

Stomata of leaf is one of the important trait in plant taxonomic study. This trait can be used to characterisize the members of a plant group including Citrus.This genus is one of fruit plant that commonly known in Pekanbaru, Riau. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristic of stomata of 5 Citrus species from Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Indonesia. Leaves were collected from the field. The stomatal preparations were conducted using replica method. Stomata were then observed and photographed using Mikroskop Binokuler Olympus CX23 and Mikroskop LCD Digital Celestron Model 44340. The results show that stomata of all Citrus species examined in this study shows the similar type, hypostomatic with reniform-shaped stomata. However, the variations are found in stomata density and index, as well as the length and length of stomata. C. hystrix and C. aurantifolia have the lowest (419.89/1 mmÃÂ²).), and the highest stomatal density (685.89/1 mmÃÂ²).), respectively. The size of stomata varies within the species. C. microcarpa has the biggest stomata size (20.5 x 18.5 ÃÂµm). ÃÂ Stomatal density of Citrus examined in this study are high (> 500 / mm2) in C. aurantifolia and C. limon) and medium (300 - 500 / mm2) in C. amblicarpa, C. hystrix and C. microcarpa. The density, index and size of stomata can be used to characterize each Citrus members that examined in this study.
Isolation and Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Endophytic Bacteria of Sea Fern (Acrtostichum aureum L.) from Bengkalis Island, Riau
Authors: Linda Tetty Marta , Berlyansah Azizul , Fibriarti Bernadeta Leni , Sofiyanti Nery , Devi Silvera
Published: February 2022

Endophytic bacteria have been known to produce high levels of secondary metabolites. The sterile leaves of the sea fern (Acrostichum aureum L.) contain many phytochemical compounds. This sea fern is often found in peat swamp areas. The aim of this study was to isolate, partial characterization, and analysis of bioactive compounds from endophytic bacteria of sea ferns to determine their bioactive compounds. Endophytic bacteria were isolated by a direct technique using nutrient agar (NA) media. In this study, the endophytic bacteria were characterized by macroscopic, microscopic, and Gram. Several tests were further performed, namely phytochemical test and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT IR) FTIR tests from a crude extract of secondary metabolites of bacteria. The results of the isolation obtained six isolates of endophytic bacteria consisting of all isolates were Gram-negative. The phytochemical test results for the six isolates were positive for alkaloids and saponins but no steroids. Based on the results of phytochemical tests and FT IR, it is suspected that the isolate DSB 1.6 has similarities with the alkaloid functional group. This endophytic bacterial isolate can be developed as a candidate for produced of pharmacological compounds.