bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIB-4 index is a marker for a subsequent decrease in insulin secretion in a non-diabetic Japanese population
Authors: Fujita Tomoyuki , Daimon Makoto , Mizushiri Satoru , Nishiya Yuki , Murakami Hiroshi , Tanabe Jutaro , Matsuhashi Yuki , Yanagimachi Miyuki , Tokuda Itoyo , Sawada Kaori , Ihara Kazushige
Published: September 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a high risk of type 2 diabetes (DM), therefore, early diagnosis of NAFLD is important to prevent incident DM. FIB-4 index, a biomarker, often used to evaluate severity of NAFLD, may be useful to evaluate risk for incident DM in ordinary clinical setting. Here, we determined the association of FIB-4 index with changes in indices representing glucose metabolism with aging in a non-diabetic population. From among the participants of the population-based Iwaki study of Japanese people conducted during 2014–2017, 1,268 non-diabetic individuals with complete data sets (age: 51.4 ± 15.9 years; men/women: 485/773) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. In addition, of the participants, 439 who attended consecutive appointments between 2014 and 2017 were enrolled in a longitudinal study that aimed to evaluate the changes in insulin secretion and resistance with aging (age: 53.1 ± 13.7 years; men/women: 178/261). The cross-sectional study showed significant correlations of FIB-4 index with homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA) indices, even after adjustment for multiple factors (HOMA-β: β =  − 0.254, p < 0.001; HOMA-R: β =  − 0.247, p < 0.001). The longitudinal study showed a significant association between FIB-4 index and the change in HOMA-β (p < 0.001) but not HOMA-R (p = 0.639) during the 3-year study period. Use of the optimal cut-off value of the FIB-4 index for the prediction of decreased insulin secretion (HOMA-β < 30), determined using receiver operating characteristic analysis (1.592), showed that individuals at risk had a hazard ratio of 2.22 (confidence interval 1.17−4.06) for decreased insulin secretion, after adjustment for confounders. FIB-4 index may represent a useful predictor of a subsequent decrease in insulin secretion, at least in a non-diabetic Japanese population.
Significance of outer retinal undulation on preoperative optical coherence tomography in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Yeo Young Do , Kim Yu Cheol
Published: September 2020

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a vision-threatening pathology. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is useful for evaluating retinal damage and visual prognosis in patients with RRD. Outer retinal undulation (ORU) is often observed on preoperative OCT in RRD. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation between ORU seen on preoperative OCT and pre/post-operative factors in RRD. Patients with RRD (114 eyes) underwent reattachment surgery and ≥ 6 months of follow-up. According to the condition of the macula on preoperative OCT, cases were divided into macula-on RRD (65 eyes) or macula-off RRD (49 eyes). Patients were classified into acute (< 10 days), subacute (10–30 days), and chronic (> 30 days) symptom duration groups. Clinical findings, histories, and relationships with OCT findings, including ORU, were analyzed. Subacute symptom duration was significantly associated with ORU on preoperative OCT (p = 0.001) and had a higher prevalence of ORU (73.7%) than did acute (OR = 4.48) or chronic (OR = 7.467) durations. Ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption was significantly associated with poorer best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) than normal EZ integrity at 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.012). ORU on preoperative OCT suggests a 10–30 days morbidity duration in RRD. EZ integrity is useful for predicting postoperative BCVA in macula-off RRD.
Soil as a tool of revelation in forensic science: a review
Authors: Sangwan Preeti , Nain Tarsem , Singal Kusum , Hooda Nidhi , Sharma Neelkamal
Published: September 2020

Soil contains diverse and complex natural elements having physical, chemical, mineralogical and biological components.
Design of spontaneously blinking fluorophores for live-cell super-resolution imaging based on quantum-chemical calculations
Authors: Tachibana Ryo , Kamiya Mako , Morozumi Akihiko , Miyazaki Yoshiyuki , Fujioka Hiroyoshi , Nanjo Aika , Kojima Ryosuke , Komatsu Toru , Ueno Tasuku , Hanaoka Kenjiro , Yoshihara Toshitada , Tobita Seiji , Urano Yasuteru
Published: September 2020

Spontaneously blinking fluorophores are powerful tools for live-cell super-resolution imaging under physiological conditions.
Biomimetic systems involving sequential redox reactions in glycolysis – the sulfur effect
Authors: Ogawa Narihito , Furukawa Sei , Kosugi Yuya , Takazawa Takayuki , Kanomata Nobuhiro
Published: September 2020

Magnesium hemithioacetates were used as model cysteine compounds to mimic natural hemithioacetals, and their biomimetic oxidation reactions using a model NAD+ compounds were investigated.
An in situ approach to functionalize metal–organic frameworks with tertiary aliphatic amino groups
Authors: Xi Fu-Gui , Sun Wei , Dong Zhi-yun , Yang Ning-Ning , Gong Teng , Gao En-Qing
Published: September 2020

Tertiary aliphatic amino modified UiO-67/66(Zr), IRMOF-n(Zn) and MIL-101(Fe) were synthesized by a facile and efficient one-pot strategy under the corresponding metal catalysis.
Novel 3D anionic heterometallic frameworks based on trinuclear CoII and trinuclear LnIII motifs displaying slow magnetic relaxation and selective adsorption of methylene blue
Authors: Wei Han , Wang Cui-Li , Gao Wei , Liu Jie-Ping , Zhang Xiu-Mei
Published: September 2020

3D CoLn heterometallic frameworks have been synthesized. CoDy and CoHo show slow magnetic relaxation behavior. CoTb exhibits excellent adsorption capacity for methylene blue.
End-capped group manipulation of non-fullerene acceptors for efficient organic photovoltaic solar cells: a DFT study
Authors: Ahmed Shahnaz , Kalita Dhruba Jyoti
Published: September 2020

A series of acceptors,S1–S5, has been designed based on the acceptor–π–donor–π–acceptor (A–π–D–π–A) architecture by incorporating a phenothiazine unit as the central donor unit.
Chemical doping of organic semiconductors for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Zhao Wenrui , Ding Jiamin , Zou Ye , Di Chong-an , Zhu Daoben
Published: September 2020

This review highlights thermoelectric-oriented chemical doping of organic semiconductors from molecular design, doping mechanisms, doping methods and insightful strategies.
Synthesis and electron-transport properties of a stable antiaromatic NiII norcorrole with the smallest meso-substituent
Authors: Ukai Shusaku , Koo Yun Hee , Fukui Norihito , Seki Shu , Shinokubo Hiroshi
Published: September 2020

A stable and antiaromatic norcorrole NiII complex has been synthesized with a small substituent, which exhibited good electron-transporting ability.
Bioactive extracts from brewer's spent grain
Authors: Bonifácio-Lopes Teresa , Vilas Boas Ana A. , Coscueta Ezequiel R. , Costa Eduardo M. , Silva Sara , Campos Débora , Teixeira José A. , Pintado Manuela
Published: September 2020

60% and 80% ethanolic extracts had a variety of phenolic compounds and proved to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and antibacterial activities.
Catalytic oxidation of alcohols and alkyl benzenes to carbonyls using Fe3O4@SiO2@(TEMPO)-co-(Chlorophyll-CoIII) as a bi-functional, self-co-oxidant nanocatalyst
Authors: Mahmoudi Boshra , Rostami Amin , Kazemnejadi Milad , Hamah-Ameen Baram Ahmed
Published: September 2020

A new magnetically recyclable bi-functional self-co-oxidant based on a copolymer of TEMPO and chlorophyll has been developed for aerobic and selective oxidation of alcohols and alkyl benzenes.
Sodium pyruvate as a peroxide scavenger in aerobic oxidation under carbene catalysis
Authors: Wang Guanjie , Wei Chenlong , Hong Xianfang , Fu Zhenqian , Huang Wei
Published: September 2020

NHC-Catalyzed aerobic oxidative reactions of imines and aldehydes have been developed by using sodium pyruvate as a novel and efficient peroxide scavenger.
Correction: High intrinsic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction in low-cost NiO nanowall electrocatalysts
Authors: Cosentino Salvatore , Urso Mario , Torrisi Giacomo , Battiato Sergio , Priolo Francesco , Terrasi Antonio , Mirabella Salvo
Published: September 2020

Correction for ‘High intrinsic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction in low-cost NiO nanowall electrocatalysts’ by Salvatore Cosentino et al., Mater. Adv., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0ma00467g.
Five Keggin-based compounds modified by bis- and mono-[1,3,4]triazole ligands: characterization, and selective photocatalytic and electrochemical properties
Authors: Zhang Baoyue , Ying Jun , Zhang Xinyue , Wang Chen , Tian Aixiang
Published: September 2020

By using three kinds of triazole-containing ligands under hydrothermal conditions, five kinds of 0D to 3D POM-based compounds were successfully synthesized. These compounds have good photocatalytic selectivity and electrocatalytic activity.
A comparative study of electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose on conductive Ni-MOF nanosheet arrays with different ligands
Authors: Qiao Yanxia , Zhang Rui , He Fangyuan , Hu Wenli , Cao Xiaowei , Jia Jianfeng , Lu Wenbo , Sun Xuping
Published: September 2020

A glucose sensor based on conductive Ni-MOF nanosheet arrays/CC exhibits a fast response time, a low detection limit, a high sensitivity, and it can also be applied for the detection of glucose in human serum samples.
Arbitrary deformable and high-strength electroactive polymer/MXene anti-exfoliative composite films assembled into high performance, flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zou Yubo , Peng Zhiyuan , Yu Chuying , Zhong Wenbin
Published: September 2020

As-prepared electroactive polymer/MXene composite films are flexible, anti-exfoliative and exhibit high mechanical strength and the assembled supercapacitors show excellent energy storage performance.
Advancing the stimuli response of polymer-based drug delivery systems for ocular disease treatment
Authors: Nguyen Duc Dung , Lai Jui-Yang
Published: September 2020

Recent exploitations of stimuli-responsive polymers as ophthalmic drug delivery systems for the treatment of eye diseases are summarized and discussed.
Mechanochromic double network hydrogels as a compression stress sensor
Authors: Wu Che-Hao , Tu Cheng-Wei , Aimi Junko , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Tao , Wang Chung-Chi , Huang Chih-Feng
Published: September 2020

We prepared tough DN hydrogels with various rhodamine contents that undergo colour changes with external stresses. We demonstrated a facile platform between macroscopic colour changes and external stresses via converting photographs to mechanographs.
Adaptation mechanism of mango fruit (Mangifera indicaL. cv. Chaunsa White) to heat suggest modulation in several metabolic pathways
Authors: Khanum Zainab , Tiznado-Hernández Martín E. , Ali Arslan , Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Shakeel Muhammad , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Climate change is becoming a global problem because of its harmful effects on crop productivity.
Aldehyde catalysis – from simple aldehydes to artificial enzymes
Authors: Yuan Zeqin , Liao Jun , Jiang Hao , Cao Peng , Li Yang
Published: September 2020

An overview of bio-inspired aldehyde catalysis is presented. High and sustainable catalytic activities of aldehydes are shown in different reactions.
Asymmetric synthesis of 1,2-fluorohydrin: iridium catalyzed hydrogenation of fluorinated allylic alcohol
Authors: Ponra Sudipta , Yang Jianping , Wu Haibo , Rabten Wangchuk , Andersson Pher G.
Published: September 2020

We have developed a simple protocol for the preparation of 1,2-fluorohydrin by asymmetric hydrogenation of fluorinated allylic alcohols using an efficient azabicyclo thiazole-phosphine iridium complex.
A diketopyrrolopyrrole dye-based dyad on a porous TiO2 photoanode for solar-driven water oxidation
Authors: Antón-García Daniel , Warnan Julien , Reisner Erwin
Published: September 2020

Construction of a water oxidising photoanode with an organic chromophore-catalyst dyad.
A near-infrared fluorescence probe for imaging of pantetheinase in cells and mice in vivo
Authors: Yang Yuantao , Hu Yiming , Shi Wen , Ma Huimin
Published: September 2020

A near-infrared fluorescence probe for detecting pantetheinase activity has been used for imaging pantetheinase in mice with inflammatory bowel disease.
Molecular insights into photostability of fluorinated organic photovoltaic blends: role of fullerene electron affinity and donor–acceptor miscibility
Authors: Brook Colin P. , Paul Goutam , Viswanathan Vinila Nellissery , Satyanarayana Sandeep , Panidhara Kumar M. , Larson Bryon W. , Ferguson Andrew J. , Pal Amlan J. , Ramamurthy Praveen C. , Strauss Steven H. , Boltalina Olga V. , Braunecker Wade A.
Published: September 2020

Perfluoroalkylfullerenes stabilize OPV donor polymers towards photodegradation, but the effect is dependent on intimate mixing in the blend.
Perception of Medial Consonants by Preschoolers With and Without Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: Brosseau-Lapré Françoise , Schumaker Jennifer , Kluender Keith R.
Published: September 2020

Purpose

This study compared perception of consonants in medial position by preschoolers, with and without speech sound disorder (SSD), with similar vocabulary and language skills. In addition, we investigated the association between speech perception and production skills.

Method

Participants were 36 monolingual English-speaking children with similar vocabulary and language skills, half with SSD and half with typical speech and language development (TD). Participants completed a speech perception task targeting phonemes /p, k, s, ɹ/ in /aCa/ disyllables and a comprehensive battery of speech and language measures.

Results

Children with SSD were significantly less accurate in perceiving speech sound distinctions relative to peers with TD. The phoneme /p/ was perceived significantly more accurately than the three other target phonemes. The correlation between overall perceptual accuracy and overall production accuracy was significant. Furthermore, perceptual accuracy of targets /k, s, ɹ/ was significantly correlated with production accuracy of these phonemes.

Conclusions

Many children with SSD have greater difficulty perceiving the specific speech sounds they misarticulate. Nonetheless, most children with SSD present with broader perceptual difficulties than peers with TD with similar vocabulary and language skills.
Diet and food partitioning between juvenile of Epinephelus coioides (Perciformes: Epinephelidae) and other co-existing juvenile fishes in shallow waters of Thailand and Malaysia
Authors: Chuaykaur Kanjanat , Hajisamae Sukree , Ruangchuay Rapeeporn , Dinh Tran Dac , Fazrul Hisam
Published: September 2020

This work examined diet composition of the juvenile orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, and its trophic association with other juvenile fish species in tropical estuarine habitats during recruitment. From December 2015 to March 2016, juveniles were collected, their stomachs excised, preserved and analyzed. Small shrimps and amphipods, especially Grandidierella sp. and Elasmopus sp., were the most common food resources sharing among the most species. Epinephelus coioides predominantly ingested small shrimp, Grandidierella sp., Elasmopus sp. and fish larvae and had the greatest trophic overlap with Palatrus scapulopunctatus. Fish size, location and month significantly affected fullness indices and food items diversity in E. coioides. It is clear that the larger the size of E. coioides and its mouth opening, the larger the size of items ingested. This study confirms the ontogenetic dietary shift of juvenile E. coioides during recruitment season by starting as amphipod and small shrimp feeder and shifting to shrimp and fish larvae predator as they grow. This finding is fundamental to understanding how juvenile E. coioides cope with different conditions and its association with other co-existing species during the recruitment period.
Avascular necrosis of the jaw resulting from sickle cell disease
Authors: Roland-Billecart Thomas , Maes Jean-Michel , Vieillard Marie-Helene , Ferri Joël , Nicot Romain
Published: September 2020

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hemoglobin disorder characterized by the presence of abnormal haemoglobin. The deformed cells cause the blood to be more viscid, leading to vaso occlusive crises (VOC). We report an osteonecrosis of the jaw resulting of a VOC in a patient with sickle cell disease. Dental infections, particularly apical cysts, appear to be local factors favouring mandibular infarcts associated with sickle cell disease.
Application of mobile X-ray barriers during angiography procedure: how much is it effective? A case study
Authors: Saeedi-Moghadam M. , Zarei F. , Zeinali-Rafsanjani B. , Borhani-Haghighi A. , Azadbar A.
Published: September 2020

Introduction: This study intended to assess the effectiveness of application the mobile X-ray barriers (lead-wall) in reducing the radiation dose to interventionists during the brain angiography procedures. Moreover, the radiation dose of patients also evaluated to assess whether the application of lead-wall affects the patient’s dose or not? Material and method: Two interventionists took part in this study. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD-100) were used to monitor the doses to interventionists. 1st-interventionist routinely used lead-wall and 2nd-interventionist didn’t use it. Demographic information of patients and radiation dose information was also recorded. Results: The results of measurements showed that the radiation dose of the 1st-interventionist was 83.57% lower than the 2nd-interventionist (p = 0.04). The amount of dose/min and DAP/min of the 1st-interventionist’s patients were 33.50% and 17.54% less than the 2nd-interventionist’s patients (p = 0.006) and (p = 0.0004). Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that application of lead wall can effectively reduce the occupational dose and it doesn’t lead to increase the patient’s dose.
Problem of Multinational Transnational Corporations under Covid-19
Authors: Lam Tran Si , Antipanova O.A. , Babyshev V.U. , Ngoc Tran ThiBich , Binh Dao Thanh , Barysheva G.A.
Published: September 2020

The multinational corporations intensify activities in worldwide. For example, Vietnam’s international integration has also changed rapidly with the trend of gradually entering the global supply chain and global value chain that help to create a powerful dynamic for national economic development. A part domestic enterprises is engaged either in outsourcing, or become a multinational corporations suppliers, but their role was unstable. The article also provides an overview of the unprecedented impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Vietnamese businesses, and the appropriate responses to reshape and strengthen corporations for processing and manufacturing industries. Special measures are given to be implemented at enterprises to prevent the risk of sickness among workers, including older workers.
Eco-innovative competencies of mining engineers in the context of environmental management system requirements
Authors: Trapitsin Sergey Yu. , Apevalova Zoya V. , Loshchilova Marina A. , Leonova Liliia Al. , Trofimova Irina B. , Yeroma Marina V.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of mining engineers’ eco-innovation training key components associated with the formation of special knowledge and skills in the field of coal mining enterprises environmental management. The issues of the eco-innovation activities and the objectives of environmental management at coal mining enterprises are consistently considered. The article presents the examination of general and special requirements for the environmental education of mining engineers, which are to become the basis for the sustainable development of engineering projects in coal-mining industry.
Multi-attribute decision making parametric optimization in two-stage hot cascade vortex tube through grey relational analysis
Authors: Madhu Kumar Racharla , Sudheer NVVS , Babu Katam Ganesh
Published: September 2020

By setting two vortex tubes in hot cascade type Vortex tube manner, can achieve two cooling points for spot cooling applications with the single input. These cooling points play a vital role to cool tools in machining operations. The present work aims to optimize the output parameters such as outlet temperature, Coefficient of Performance (COP). Based on the literature, the performance of this vortex tube mainly depends on its input parameters such as air inlet pressure, length to diameter ratio, and the number of nozzles. In the present work, the above input parameters have been experimented on this vortex tube, based on the Taguchi L18 array. The optimal condition for both temperatures, COP at hot and cold outlets was calculated using grey relational analysis (GRA). The obtained experimental results were analyzed using the ANOVA approach. Also for multi responses, 1st and 2nd order predicted mathematical models developed by using Minitab 18 software and its accuracy checked. The achieved results are at first spot cooling point temperature 294.9 K, COPc1 as 0.0203, second spot cooling point temperature 284.2 K, and COPc2 as 0.1628. This work proved that for solving multi-attribute decision-making problems, grey relational analysis methodology was efficient.
Lesões condrais maiores tratadas com uso de membrana de colágeno – condrogênese autóloga induzida por matriz – apresentam maior aumento nos escores clínicos
Authors: Miyahira Mateus Kenji Christo , Novaretti João Victor , Astur Diego Costa , Kaleka Camila Cohen , Amaro Joicemar Tarouco , Cohen Moisés
Published: September 2020

Objetivo Avaliar clínica e radiologicamente os resultados do tratamento das lesões condrais com a membrana de colágeno – condrogênese autóloga induzida por matriz.

Métodos Trata-se de uma série de casos observacional, na qual foram analisados 15 pacientes submetidos a condrogênese autóloga induzida por matriz. A avaliação clínica foi feita comparando os escores de Lysholm e International Knee Document Commitee (IKDC, na sigla em inglês) no pré- e pós-operatório de 12 meses, e avaliação radiológica através do escore de Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART, na sigla em inglês) no mesmo período de pós-operatório.

Resultados A média de idade dos pacientes foi 39,2 anos, e a média do tamanho das lesões condrais foi de 1,55cm2. Houve uma melhora significativa nos escores clínicos, com média de aumento de 24,6 pontos no Lysholm e de 24,3 no IKDC, após 12 meses. Na avaliação radiológica, o MOCART teve média de 65 pontos. Observou-se que quanto maior o tamanho da lesão, maior foi a melhora nos escores.

Conclusão Avaliando escores clínicos subjetivos, o tratamento das lesões condrais com a membrana de colágeno mostrou bons resultados, assim como a avaliação de MOCART, com maior benefício em lesões maiores.
Índice de falha diagnóstica na detecção de fraturas e luxações perilunares do carpo utilizando radiografias simples do punho
Authors: Tanure Aleixo Abreu , de Andrade Fernanda Ruiz , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves , Cagnolati Amanda Favaro , Mandarano-Filho Luiz Garcia , Mazzer Nilton
Published: September 2020

Objetivos O presente estude teve como objetivo avaliar o índice de falha diagnóstica na detecção de fraturas e luxações perilunares do carpo utilizando radiografias simples do punho por ortopedistas e residentes de ortopedia. Secundariamente, identificar possíveis grupos que apresentem maior ou menor chance de acerto diagnóstico.

Métodos Foi aplicado um questionário online a diversos ortopedistas através de e-mail, redes sociais e aplicativos de comunicação via smartphone, para avaliar o índice de falha diagnóstica na detecção de fraturas e luxações perilunares utilizando radiografias simples.

Resultados Foram obtidas 511 respostas e observado um índice de erro diagnóstico de 8,81% para as luxações simples e 1,76% para fratura transescafoperilunar. Ao estratificar por grupos, os médicos residentes obtiveram os maiores índices de erro nas luxações perilunares simples (23,91%), já os cirurgiões de mão obtiveram os índices mais baixos (1,74%).

Conclusão Ao comparar com a literatura, os índices de falha encontrados foram menores, sugerindo que a radiografia simples é eficaz e que o índice de erro pode não ser tão elevado quanto o relatado na literatura.
Integração óssea e prevalência de linhas radiotransparentes ao redor dos pinos de componentes glenoidais minimamente cimentados na artroplastia total de ombro
Authors: Schiefer Márcio , Siqueira Gláucio , Figueira Alan , Souza Patrícia Martins , Monteiro Martim Teixeira , Motta Filho Geraldo
Published: September 2020

Objetivos A falha do componente glenoidal é a principal causa de revisão da artroplastia total do ombro (ATO) e sua frequência parece ser influenciada pelo design do componente. O objetivo deste estudo foi a avaliação clínica e radiográfica (através de raios X e tomografia computadorizada) dos resultados da ATO com componente glenoidal minimamente cimentado.

Métodos O presente trabalho analisou ATOs realizadas com componente glenoidal Anchor Peg (DuPuy Synthes, Warsaw, IN, EUA) minimamente cimentado entre 2008 e 2013. Por um período mínimo de acompanhamento de 24 meses, escores segundo critérios da University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) e imagens padronizadas de radiografia simples e tomografia computadorizada foram analisadas. A presença de osso entre as aletas do pino do componente central, que é um indicador de sua integração, foi avaliada nas imagens, bem como a presença de linhas radiotransparentes ao redor do componente glenoidal.

Resultados Dezenove ombros de 17 pacientes foram avaliados. De acordo com o escore da UCLA, os resultados clínicos foram satisfatórios em 74% dos casos e moderados em 21% dos casos. O resultado foi ruim em um paciente. A integração de componentes foi observada em 58% dos pacientes, sendo total em 42% e parcial em 16% dos casos. Linhas radiotransparentes foram observadas em 52% dos pacientes. Nenhuma relação entre a integração de componentes e os resultados clínicos foi detectada.

Conclusão A maioria dos pacientes submetidos à ATO com componente glenoidal minimamente cimentado apresentou resultados clínicos satisfatórios. Linhas radiotransparentes ao redor do componente glenoidal são comuns, mas não interferem nos resultados clínicos

Nível de evidência IV; Série de caso; Estudo terapêutico.
Pd decorated TiO2 nanotube array Schottky barrier diodes for efficient hydrogen sensing application
Authors: Mao Duolu , Peng Jianhong , Xin Zhiyuan , Tian Yuan , Wu Jiang , Hu Shuqing , Lv Yi , Tian Shaopeng , Ling Yunhan
Published: September 2020

Well aligned TiO2 nanotube arrays have been synthesized via electrochemical anodization, and Pd-based nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated by electrodeposition with the aid of UV irradiation. A new back-to-back Schottky barrier diode (SBD) was formed by connecting with Ag–(Pd decorated TiO2)–Ti. We found that such an SBD sensor has excellent hydrogen (H2) sensing performances at a working temperature of 80 °C, with a detection limit as low as 1 ppm as well as a quick response time within 10 s at a low bias voltage (0.025 V). I–V curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis demonstrate a typical rectification characteristic of SBD as well as a dramatic decrease of the barrier height of SBD during the H2 sensing process. The high H2 sensing performance of a Pd-based NP decorated TiO2 nanotube array film SBD could be attributed to the synergism of the highly ordered nano-porous configurations and the Pd-based NP (with a high catalytic active metallic Pd nanoshell layer) decoration providing the enhancement of H2 spillover effect (and/or electronic sensitization) related redox processes.
Plasma exhaust in a sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch
Authors: Claveau E. L. , Shumlak U. , Nelson B. A. , Forbes E. G. , Stepanov A. D. , Weber T. R. , Zhang Y. , McLean H. S.
Published: September 2020

The fusion Z-pinch experiment device produces a 0.3 cm radius by 50 cm-long Z pinch between the end of the inner electrode of a coaxial plasma gun and an end wall 50 cm away. The plasma column is stabilized for thousands of instability growth times by an embedded radially sheared axial plasma flow. To investigate the effect of end wall design on Z-pinch plasma behavior, the solid end wall with a central exhaust port is replaced with a spoked end wall with a solid hub. While the Z-pinch plasma behavior was largely unaffected, the plasma exhausted from the Z-pinch provides an experimental platform to study magnetic confinement and detachment. Current and density signals are compared between two cases: a low energy and a high energy case. Plasma is found to be frozen-in flux in the Z-pinch assembly region. The exhaust of plasma from the flux conserving region is found to be dependent on the ratio of plasma ram and thermal pressures to the local magnetic pressure, calculated from an equilibrium model at the end wall. Plasma exhaust is observed to increase with the spoked end wall only for the high energy conditions as its ratio of ram and thermal pressures to the magnetic pressure increases.
The enhanced Coulomb interaction in three-dimensional indium tin oxide films
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Wu Yanan , Wang Gongtang , Wang Wenjie , Liu Wenchao , Wang Rui , Ding Pengfei
Published: September 2020

The Coulomb interaction effect in disordered conductors has long been a topic of fundamental importance and intense attention. Here, we systematically study the influence of this effect on the electrical transport of a series of ∼1 μm thick Sn-doped indium oxide (ITO) films grown at different oxygen partial pressures. We find that both the electrical conductivity σ and Hall coefficient RH vary linearly with T from ∼35 K down to ∼4 K. The extracted electron screening factor F~σ of each film is nearly in agreement with the corresponding theoretical value. Moreover, the F~σ values increase with decreasing carrier concentration in the ITO films, which originates from less screening effect of electrons and enhanced Coulomb interaction. These features are consistent with conventional three-dimensional Coulomb interaction theories. We explore the long-standing puzzle of the carrier concentration dependence of F~σ. Our results provide the fundamental physics to modulate the intensity of the Coulomb interaction effect, which may be useful to optimize the performance of electron transport for nanoscale electronic devices.
Surface structure of linear nanopores in amorphous silica: Comparison of properties for different pore generation algorithms
Authors: Han Yong , Slowing Igor I. , Evans James W.
Published: September 2020

We compare the surface structure of linear nanopores in amorphous silica (a-SiO2) for different versions of “pore drilling” algorithms (where the pores are generated by the removal of atoms from the preformed bulk a-SiO2) and for “cylindrical resist” algorithms (where a-SiO2 is formed around a cylindrical exclusion region). After adding H to non-bridging O, the former often results in a moderate to high density of surface silanol groups, whereas the latter produces a low density. The silanol surface density for pore drilling can be lowered by a final dehydroxylation step, and that for the cylindrical resist approach can be increased by a final hydroxylation step. In this respect, the two classes of algorithms are complementary. We focus on the characterization of the chemical structure of the pore surface, decomposing the total silanol density into components corresponding to isolated and vicinal mono silanols and geminal silanols. The final dehyroxylation and hydroxylation steps can also be tuned to better align some of these populations with the target experimental values.
Inferring transmission trees to guide targeting of interventions against visceral leishmaniasis and post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis
Authors: Chapman Lloyd A. C. , Spencer Simon E. F. , Pollington Timothy M. , Jewell Chris P. , Mondal Dinesh , Alvar Jorge , Hollingsworth T. Déirdre , Cameron Mary M. , Bern Caryn , Medley Graham F.
Published: September 2020

Significance

Methods for analyzing individual-level geo-located disease data have existed for some time, but have rarely been used to analyze endemic human diseases. Here we apply such methods to nearly a decade’s worth of uniquely detailed epidemiological data on incidence of the deadly vector-borne disease visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and its secondary condition, post–kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), to quantify the spread of infection around cases in space and time by inferring who infected whom, and estimate the relative contribution of different infection states to transmission. Our findings highlight the key role long diagnosis delays and PKDL play in maintaining VL transmission. This detailed characterization of the spatiotemporal transmission of VL will help inform targeting of interventions around VL and PKDL cases.
Delineation of a molecularly distinct terminally differentiated memory CD8 T cell population
Authors: Milner J. Justin , Nguyen Hongtuyet , Omilusik Kyla , Reina-Campos Miguel , Tsai Matthew , Toma Clara , Delpoux Arnaud , Boland Brigid S. , Hedrick Stephen M. , Chang John T. , Goldrath Ananda W.
Published: September 2020

Significance

Memory CD8 T lymphocytes are a long-lived population of immune cells that provide formidable protection against infections and malignancy and are thus often central to vaccine and cancer immunotherapy efficacy. Here we refine the identity, developmental relationships, and functional roles of memory CD8 T cells in mice through delineation of a discrete population that confers robust protection against reinfection and exhibits an unexpected molecular program bearing typically divergent characteristics of short-lived effector cells and long-lived memory T cells. Mass cytometry and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses revealed an analogous population of cells in humans. These findings hold broad implications for both informing immunotherapy treatments and predicting their efficacy.
Modeling between-population variation in COVID-19 dynamics in Hubei, Lombardy, and New York City
Authors: Wilder Bryan , Charpignon Marie , Killian Jackson A. , Ou Han-Ching , Mate Aditya , Jabbari Shahin , Perrault Andrew , Desai Angel N. , Tambe Milind , Majumder Maimuna S.
Published: September 2020

Significance

We present an individual-level model of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission that accounts for population-specific factors such as age distributions, comorbidities, household structures, and contact patterns. The model reveals substantial variation across Hubei, Lombardy, and New York City in the dynamics and progression of the epidemic, including the consequences of transmission by particular age groups. Across locations, though, policies combining “salutary sheltering” by part of a particular age group with physical distancing by the rest of the population can mitigate the number of infections and subsequent deaths.
Physics of virus transmission by speaking droplets
Authors: Netz Roland R. , Eaton William A.
Published: September 2020

To make the physics of person-to-person virus transmission from emitted droplets of oral fluid while speaking easily understood, we present simple and transparent algebraic equations that capture the essential physics of the problem. Calculations with these equations provide a straightforward way of determining whether emitted droplets remain airborne or rapidly fall to the ground, after accounting for the decrease in droplet size from water evaporation. At a relative humidity of 50%, for example, droplets with initial radii larger than about 50 μm rapidly fall to the ground, while smaller, potentially virus-containing droplets shrink in size from water evaporation and remain airborne for many minutes. Estimates of airborne virion emission rates while speaking strongly support the proposal that mouth coverings can help contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
Constrained optimal foraging by marine bacterioplankton on particulate organic matter
Authors: Yawata Yutaka , Carrara Francesco , Menolascina Filippo , Stocker Roman
Published: September 2020

Significance

Patch use theory predicts that organisms foraging in a heterogeneous resource landscape balance their residence time on a patch yielding diminishing returns with the sum of the metabolic, predation, and opportunity costs of foraging. By combining single-cell tracking with mathematical modeling, we show that bacteria foraging on seascapes of organic particles switch between attached and planktonic lifestyles and tune the time spent on particles to increase individual fitness. As predicted by patch use theory, bacteria remain longer on particles of higher quality and in poor environments, or when search times for fresh particles are longer. These results show that patch use theory can be a valuable framework to understand not only animals, but also microorganisms, and ultimately their ecosystem-level consequences.
Coastal sand dune restoration with an eco-friendly technique
Authors: D’Alessandro Felice , Tomasicchio Giuseppe Roberto , Francone Antonio , Leone Elisa , Frega Ferdinando , Chiaia Giancarlo , Saponieri Alessandra , Damiani Leonardo
Published: September 2020

Dune restoration projects that integrate vegetation efforts with natural, sustainable, and soft solutions have become increasingly popular in coastal communities. Eco-restored dunes have high aesthetic value and are likely to be more resilient to near-surface wind effects and/or minor storms events. However, environmental-friendly restoration strategies still lack scientific insight from systematic research and the role of eco-restoration in dune erosion resistance and resilience has not yet been rigorously investigated. The question is: how can we optimize eco-friendly solutions in dune ecosystem restoration to maximize the resistance and resilience of coastal dunes against erosion from wind, wave, and storm surge attack? The present paper proposes an innovative colloidal silica-based consolidation technique for coastal sand dunes. A special focus is placed on the description of the experience gained from two pilot field studies started in Salento coastal area, in the south of Italy. The preliminary observations clearly show that mineral colloidal silica increases the mechanical strength of non-cohesive sediments allowing the adopted solution to reduce the volume of dune erosion and the dune scarp retreat rate, thus improving the resistance and resilience of the dune system. Besides furthering our knowledge of coastal erosion, the results of these and future studies will be of value to coastal managers and policy makers responsible for dune restoration projects.
Non-aligned Einstein–Maxwell Robinson–Trautman fields of Petrov type D
Authors: Van den Bergh Norbert , Carminati John
Published: September 2020

We discuss Petrov type D Einstein–Maxwell (EM) fields in which both double null eigenvectors of the Weyl tensor are non-aligned with the eigenvectors of a non-null electromagnetic field and are assumed to be geodesic, shear-free, diverging and non-twisting. We obtain the general solution of the EM equations under the extra condition that the complex null vectors of the Weyl canonical tetrad are hypersurface orthogonal. The corresponding space–times are all conformally related to a Killing–Yano space and are described by a 5-parameter family of metrics, admitting two commuting Killing vectors and having the C-metric as a possible vacuum limit.
Strong temperature-dependent thermoelectric power of IrMn3 thin films of different thicknesses
Authors: Hu Junfeng , Kothari Mukund Krishna , Eimer Sylvain , Zhao Weisheng , Yu Haiming , Ansermet Jean-Philippe
Published: September 2020

IrMn3 thin films were experimentally characterized by thermoelectric power and resistivity as a function of temperature and sample thickness. The Seebeck coefficient shows strong temperature dependence and the value increases with temperature up to 350 K. An empirical Boltzmann sigmoid function can fit our data remarkably well. The temperature-dependent resistivity shows a similar behavior as the thermoelectric power, i.e. both these two properties exhibit a transitional behavior at some critical temperature range, which is further confirmed by the magnetic susceptibility measurements.
Violation of Stokes–Einstein and Stokes–Einstein–Debye relations in polymers at the gas-supercooled liquid coexistence
Authors: Singh Jalim , Jose Prasanth P
Published: September 2020

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed on a system of model linear polymers to look at the violations of Stokes–Einstein (SE) and Stokes–Einstein–Debye (SED) relations near the mode coupling theory transition temperature T
c at three (one higher and two lower) densities. At low temperatures, both lower density systems show stable gas-supercooled-liquid coexistence whereas the higher density system is homogeneous. We show that monomer density relaxation exhibits SE violation for all three densities, whereas molecular density relaxation shows a weak violation of the SE relation near T
c in both lower density systems. This study identifies disparity in monomer mobility and observation of jumplike motion in the typical monomer trajectories resulting in the SE violations. In addition to the SE violation, a weak SED violation is observed in the gas-supercooled-liquid coexisting domains of the lower densities. Both lower density systems also show a decoupling of translational and rotational dynamics in this polymer system.
Graphene growth with no intended carbon precursor feeding into the LPCVD process: causes, solutions, and effects
Authors: Mirzaei Maryam , Hedayat Seyed Mahdi , Karimi-Sabet Javad , Towfighi Darain Jafar
Published: September 2020

In this research, we have investigated the unintended graphene nucleation problem and its damaging effects on monolayer graphene synthesis in low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) process. This problem is the growth of graphene on the copper surface with no carbon feedstock. A new source of undesired carbon species was identified which has not been addressed so far. The hydrogen-rich heating stage was diagnosed as the onset of the unintended nucleation for the first time owing to the determinant catalytic role of hydrogen in this stage. It was found out that this problem leads to uncontrollable growth of multilayer graphene, growth of defective graphene film and also inhibition of the reliable synthesis of monolayer graphene. We managed to grow enhanced-quality monolayer graphene by developing some innovative solutions to the problem containing a general solution based on the hydrogen effects in the heating stage. The results reveal a significant decrease in the unintended nucleation density from ∼2000 to almost zero domains per 100 × 100 μm2 copper area. Furthermore, Raman, HRTEM and SAED analysis confirm the defect-free growth of monolayer graphene after employing the solutions. These findings could pave the way for the reliable synthesis of high-quality monolayer graphene as well as large-sized graphene domains.
Current propagation behaviors and spin filtering effects in three-terminal topological-insulator junctions
Authors: Yang Jia-En , Lü Xiao-Long , Xie Hang
Published: September 2020

Understand the spin and current behavior in the topological-insulator (TI) system is crucial for the design of electronic and spintronic devices. To study these behaviors, some three-terminal hetero-junction TI systems made from the zigzag silicene-like nanoribbons (ZSiNRs) are investigated. Different external fields are applied in the leads and conductor regions, which result in the expected topological edge states. By calculating the local current distribution, we find two important characteristics of topological edge current propagating in these systems. Firstly, the topological edge current prefers to flow into the nearest channel, rather than the other faraway channels. Secondly, the group-velocity mismatch as a scattering engineering has a significant effect on current propagation behavior. In other words, one can manipulate the topological edge current by velocity mismatch. Based on these characteristics, a type of three-terminal spin filter is proposed in this paper. Moreover, some interesting transport phenomena such as space-separated Fano-resonance are also discovered in the TI-junction systems.
From the open generalized Heisenberg model to the Landau–Lifshitz equation
Authors: Norambuena Ariel , Franco Andrés , Coto Raúl
Published: September 2020

Magnetic systems can be described by the classical Landau–Lifshitz (LL) equation or the fully quantum open generalized Heisenberg model. Using the Lindblad master equation and the mean-field approximation, we demonstrate that the open generalized Heisenberg model is reduced to a generalized LL equation. The open dynamic is modeled using spin-boson interactions with a common bosonic reservoir at thermal equilibrium. By tracing out the bosonic degrees of freedom, we obtain two different decoherence mechanisms: on-site dissipation and an effective spin–spin interaction mediated by bosons. Using our approach, we perform hysteresis calculations, closely connected with the Stoner–Wohlfarth theory. We compare the exact numerical master equation and the mean-field model, revealing the role of correlations originated by non-local interactions. Our work opens new horizons for the study of the LL dynamics from an open quantum formalism.
Developments towards an ELM-free pedestal radiative cooling scenario using noble gas seeding in ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Kallenbach A. , Bernert M. , David P. , Dunne M. G. , Dux R. , Fable E. , Fischer R. , Gil L. , Görler T. , Janky F. , McDermott R. M. , Suttrop W. , Tardini G. , Wischmeier, ASDEX Upgrade Team M.
Published: September 2020

Integrated edge-localized-mode (ELM)-free or small ELM scenarios for the demonstration fusion power plant (DEMO) are investigated in ASDEX Upgrade using argon seeding for radiative power removal mainly in the pedestal region. An important aspect is the modification of the electron pressure in the pedestal by the additional radiative power losses. Full ELM suppression could be achieved in a no-ELM H-mode scenario featuring an edge electromagnetic quasicoherent mode up to a heating power of 5 MW, where argon radiation allowed the extension of the heating power operational space. At higher powers up to 12 MW (reaching the beta limit), ELMs of reduced size prevail and detachment is obtained by the argon seeding. Control of the position of a radiating zone localized inside the X-point was found to be favorable compared to the control of the separatrix power for low

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. Integration of pedestal cooling with Ar and ELM suppression by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP) allowed an increase of the core radiation and a partial recovery of normalized confinement to H98 = 1. This favorable behavior is finally limited by the loss of the RMP density pump-out effect, followed by an ELM-free H-mode phase and re-occurrence of ELMs. For an active tailoring of the pedestal pressure profile, precise knowledge of the radiation profile is required. Modeling of the argon radiation profile with the STRAHL code showed good agreement with bolometry only if charge exchange of neutral deuterium with argon ions was taken into account, highlighting the importance of the neutral density in the pedestal region. In view of best integration of a no-ELM scenario with divertor detachment and high heating power, the divertor compression and enrichment of argon and neon were compared using dynamic gas puff experiments. Argon shows more than a factor of 3 higher divertor enrichment compared to neon, but the absolute values decrease with higher neutral deuterium pressure.