bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diego Rivera e José Guadalupe Posada: a construção de uma narrativa de unificação nacional
Authors: De Andrade Leonardo Bento
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo pretende mapear a rede de sociabilidade integrada por Diego Rivera durante o processo de adoção da figura e da obra do gravador José Guadalupe Posada como ideal de arte popular mexicana. Rivera afirma ter sido instruído por Posada em sua infância, uma educação que lhe teria aberto as portas para a “verdadeira arte mexicana”. A obra de Posada é descoberta durante a segunda década do século XX e passa a ser exaltada por um grupo de intelectuais vinculados de forma direta ou indireta ao Estado mexicano. Para guiar esta análise, valemo-nos de escritos de Jacques Revel e Norbert Elias, além de várias produções biográficas e autobiográficas sobre os atores envolvidos.
Os laços de amizades de um professor intelectual e expert no início de sua carreira nas primeiras décadas do século XX
Authors: Campos Ana Maria Antunes de
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as redes de sociabilidades de José Ribeiro Escobar no início de sua carreira e situá-lo enquanto um intelectual e expert que contribui para a educação brasileira. Nas primeiras décadas do século XIX devido a instauração do trabalho livre e do sistema de industrialização, o país entrava em um clima de efervescência ideológica e de inquietação social, no qual era necessário reeditar o país, com vistas a modificar o ensino para atender ao povo e não só a elite como foi feito no início da república.  Com essas mudanças, os professores foram pressionados a se engajar; a participar das lutas ideológicas, políticas e educacionais; conhecer a sociedade e tomar partido nos conflitos sociais, políticos e econômicos. Escobar, professor, intelectual e expert, pertenceu a um grupo social que lutando por princípios em comum, participam da produção de saberes na formação de professores e no ensino.
Clientelismo e Assistencialismo: a tradição da assistência social no Brasil
Authors: Potrich Maithê
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo apresenta uma compreensão sobre os conceitos de clientelismo e assistencialismo e o efeito que estes dois fenômenos causaram na Política Pública de Assistência Social no Brasil até ela ser incluída pela Constituição Federal de 1988 no tripé da seguridade social e ser reconhecida como direito do cidadão e dever do Estado. O método utilizado constitui, em primeiro momento, numa análise da bibliografia sobre o tema, para compreender as particularidades de cada fenômeno, suas manifestações e implicações na tradição e consolidação da assistência social. A análise particular é acompanhada, na segunda parte, de uma exposição das diferenças entre assistencialismo e clientelismo, e definição do motivo comum que guia as duas práticas. Essa discussão traz à tona a dicotomia entre favor e direito, e Estado e Governo, que serão exploradas na terceira parte. A pesquisa mostrou que estes fenômenos não foram extintos com a Constituição Federal de 1988, mas se mantêm vivos no ideário da população, nas críticas que repousam sobre essa política e na prática.
Determinants of the Quality of Life of Caregivers of Children with Sickle Cell Disease at Siaya County Referral Hospital, Kenya
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Okinyi Joash , Githemo Grace ,   Kenyatta University, Bett Sarah ,   Kenyatta University
Published: November 2022

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a high-morbidity and early-mortality disease if not managed and controlled properly. Managing a child with SCD is a challenging experience for both the caregiver and the family unit. These children are usually highly dependent on the caregiver for their daily activities. In Kenya, this disease has its highest prevalence in malaria-endemic regions mainly the Coast and Nyanza regions. Despite it being endemic in these regions, there is a dearth of literature on the determinants of the quality of life of caregivers of children with sickle cell disease in these areas. This study, therefore, sought to establish the determinants of the quality of life of caregivers of children with sickle cell disease attending care at the Siaya County Referral Hospital, in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study design. The study population were the caregivers of children suffering from Sickle Cell Disease seeking care at the Siaya County Referral Hospital in Kenya. A sample of 60 respondents was used to collect the desired data. A purposive sampling method was used to arrive at the sample. The study findings indicated that employment, financial security, monthly income, acquisition of new information, support from friends, ability to get around and quality of sleep impacted positively on caregivers’ quality of life. Results also indicated that frequency of hospitalization and frequent negative feelings impacted negatively on the caregivers’ quality of life. However, the study found no significant relationship between gender, age and education level with caregivers’ quality of life. The study recommended that the national and County governments should ensure that caregivers of children with SCD are provided with employment opportunities; the national and County governments should formulate programs aimed at supporting caregivers of children with SCD financially; and the employers of caregivers of children with SCD should consider raising their monthly income to enable them meet their financial needs. Keywords: Socio-demographic factors, economic factors, psychological factors, quality of life of caregivers, sickle cell disease
UNDERSTANDING Cu DEFICIENCY AND Mo ENRICHMENT IN THE JURASSIC ZHANGGUANGCAI-LESSER XING’AN CONTINENTAL ARC (NE CHINA): INSIGHTS FROM THE LUMING PORPHYRY MO DEPOSIT
Authors: Ouyang Hegen , Caulfield John
Published: November 2022

Continental arcs are favorable sites for porphyry Cu ± Mo deposits. In contrast, the Jurassic Zhangguangcai-Lesser Xing’an continental arc, northeastern China, hosts numerous porphyry Mo deposits with only minor total Cu endowment. The reasons for this remain elusive. Here, we address the issue by tracking the origin and evolution of a long-lived (ca. 12 m.y.) magmatic suite associated with one of the largest Mo deposits in the Zhangguangcai-Lesser Xing’an range continental arc—the Luming porphyry Mo deposit. In combination with previous geochronological data, our results indicate that the pre- (187.5–186.5 Ma) and syn-ore (178.6–175.6 Ma) intrusions at Luming represent separate magma batches from isotopically similar parental magmas with the signature of subduction-metasomatized mantle-derived magmas mixed with crustal melts. The Sr/Y, La/YbN, Dy/YbN, and Eu/Eu* values, together with fO2 and apatite S and Cl concentrations of the syn-ore intrusions, however, are systematically higher than pre-ore intrusions. These data indicate that there is a distinct change in magma chemistry during the period of magmatism quiescence between the pre- and syn-ore magmatism. The marked change in magma chemistry is coincident with an episode of major compression and crustal thickening in the Zhangguangcai-Lesser Xing’an range. We, therefore, interpret that the chemical changes most likely reflect a deepening of the locus of lower crustal magma evolution, linked to increased crustal thickness and/or melt H2O contents accompanying an increase in orogenic stress. Considering the tectonic setting, magmatic evolution in the deep crust, emplacement depth, fractionation degree, and oxygen fugacity of the porphyry Mo-related intrusions at Luming, they are very similar to porphyry Cu deposits worldwide. Accordingly, we propose that the deficiency in Cu and enrichment in Mo of the porphyry deposits in the Zhangguangcai-Lesser Xing’an range most likely formed due to mantle-derived magmas interacting with reduced crustal materials or melts in the deep crust. This resulted in substantial sequestration of Cu and S, decreasing porphyry Cu potential. Such an inference is supported by the distinctly lower S and Cl concentrations of the Mo-related intrusions in the Zhangguangcai-Lesser Xing’an range compared to those associated with porphyry Cu deposits. Our results confirm the fundamental role of increasing compressive stress, crustal thickening, and transcrustal petrologic processes in the formation of porphyry deposits and highlight the role of crustal components in modulating the Mo/Cu ratio of porphyry deposits in a continental arc setting. In addition, we tentatively propose that magmatic apatite SO3 and/or Cl contents can be used to discriminate porphyry Mo-related intrusions from those associated with porphyry Cu deposits in continental arcs.
Learning continuity in response to climate emergencies: Supporting learning continuing following the 2002 Pakistan floods.
Authors: Mazari Haani , Baloch Imdad , Thinley Sangay , Kaye Tom , Perry Freya
Published: November 2022

An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
STABILITY INDICATING HPLC METHOD FOR SOFOSBUVIR AND DACLATASVIR IN COMBINATION
Authors:   Department of Quality Assurance, AISSMS College of Pharmacy, affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune- 411 001, Maharashtra, India, C. Damle Mrinalini , B. Pawar Nivedita
Published: November 2022

Direct acting fixed dose combination of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir to treat the viral hepatitis C disease is available in the market. So, a precise and robust stability indicating HPLC method for sofosbuvir and daclatasvir was developed. The SunQ C18 column (250 x 4.6 mm) was used for chromatographic separation with mobile phase consisting of 0.03 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 7): ACN (50: 50V/V). Optimised method satisfies the system suitability parameters with good resolution with 4.9 min Rt of sofosbuvir and 7.6 min Rt of daclatasvir. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Linearity was observed over range of 10-50 (µg mL-1) and 2.25-11.25 (µg mL-1) for sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, respectively. Both drugs were subjected to various stress conditions and high recovery values were found for daclatasvir on photolytic stress. The degradation was more on oxidative and hydrolytic stress for sofosbuvir. This optimised method offers new insight towards stability studies of both drugs.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE IN DIOSPYROS MONTANA ROXB.
Authors:   Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160 014, India, Kumari Anita , C. Sidhu Malkiat
Published: November 2022

Plants and their constituents are precious gift of nature to the humans being. They fulfill various routine requirements of human being including the most important health care issues. The aim of the present study is to investigate the bioactive compounds in leaf, stem and seeds of Diospyros montana Roxb. using aqueous, ethanol, acetone and hexane as solvents. A preliminary phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, quinones, steroids and terpenoids in all the prepared extracts. Maximum number of phytochemicals was reported in ethanol leaf extract. The GC-MS analysis of ethanol extract of leaves has yielded 42 bioactive compounds. Out of these, 28 compounds possess a wide range of pharmacological activities. Camphor, (+)-2-bornanone, phytol, acetate, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, oxirane, [(hexadecyloxy) methyl]-, oleic acid and 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol are amongst several compounds of medicinal interest. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has provided the information related to the functional groups. The presence of a variety of chemical compounds in this species, particularly in leaves, has supported its use in the traditional health care formulations. The information generated during the present investigation may provide tools for designing new or alternative medicinal products.
PATTERN OF PRESCRIPTIONS IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Pimpri, Pune - 411 018, Maharashtra, India, M. Rathi Karishma , S. Kapare Harshad , D. Dherange Snehal , S. Verma Aanya
Published: November 2022

Medication error is a worldwide public health issue which most commonly arises due to prescription errors. Objective of this study was to conduct a retrospective cross-sectional study of prescription patterns in community pharmacies in random regions of the states Maharashtra and Bihar. This study involved analysis of prescription error, disease condition and use of essential medicines for about 1500 prescriptions. The prescribing trend was also studied on the basis of drug categories. During prescription analysis, it was observed that in 36 % of prescription patient weight was not reported, whereas around 15 %, 25 % and 24 % prescription were found to be without inclusion of patient name, age and sex respectively. The data was compared with the WHO model National Essential Medicine List 2019, 21th edition, only 38 % drugs were prescribed according to this list. The data analysis revealed prescription errors that may frequently occur leads to medication error. Basic guidelines need to be followed for prescription writing and selection of medicines which will improve the quality of the healthcare system. Although this study has the limitation in terms of accuracy to make conclusions because of limited sample size and which can be further extended in a large population, it gives overview or the idea about pattern of prescriptions which may sometimes lead to dispensing errors or severe effects.
STUDY OF PERFORMANCE OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS (IPOS ) AT NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE IN INDIA
Authors:   Asst Prof  & Research Scholar, Institute of Engineering &Technology Alwar (Raj.), Kumar Mr. Rajesh , Kumar Dr. Bhupendra ,   Research Supervisor, Institute of Engineering &Technology Alwar (Raj.)
Published: November 2022

With the implementation of liberalization and globalization policies, the Indian capital market had experienced a paradigm shift in its overall practices and initiatives. There were significant reforms both in the primary and secondary market. Presently, as per the SEBI guideline a corporate entity wants to raise capital from the primary market must go either through initial public offering (IPO), follow-on-public offer (FPO), rights issue, private placement or through euro issue. The Indian capital market has emerged as one of the prominent demand driver for more participation of foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and domestic financial institutions (DFIs). Earlier the middle class investors have little option to put their hard earned money in productive investment avenues. They usually preferred the fixed deposit offered by banks or post office. The traditional investment instruments were hugely popular because they were safe, gave decent returns and were easy to invest in. But today, investors find that traditional instruments are more about wealth preservation than wealth creation, when they are better served by investment alternatives like mutual funds and IPOs. Key Words: capital market, primary and secondary market, initial public offering (IPO), foreign institutional investors (FIIs), traditional instruments
EFFECTS OF NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING OF SCHOOL CHILDREN’S
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India), Arya Dr. Bhavana , Sharma Divolka ,   Department of Psychology, The IIS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India)
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper was to review existing literature about past research that highlighted studies concerning nutrition and its relationship to brain function, cognition, learning, and social behaviors. There is evidence that school breakfast and lunch programs are not up to par with current Indian nutritional norms and standards and that USDA standards may not be utilizing the latest research about nutrition. Studies have shown that proper nutrition has a direct effect on student performance and behavior in school. Much of the literature reviewed in this article confirmed that nutrition has a direct effect on neurotransmitters which are important in sending messages from the body to the brain. Specific dietary components were shown to have negative effects on this system, many of which are commonplace in school-aged children’s daily eating. Unfortunately, school breakfast and lunch programs, in many cases, inhibit the body’s cognitive and energy potentials by not providing proper nutrition. The problem has also added to the obesity rate amongst Indian students, which also has added to the lower achievement in school. In many studies, cases of socioeconomic status seem to be an indicator of food insufficiency, which is simply the lack of available food to a household. Food insufficiency has been shown to directly affect children’s cognitive development. What schools can do to improve upon existing nutritional conditions is a focus of the latter section of the paper. Many schools across the nation have invested in nutrition by way of enhanced breakfast and lunch programs. Some have even gone so far as to grow fresh produce in school gardens. Finally, recommendations are explored and given for ways schools can help improve the nutrition of their food programs, thus taking steps to ensure students are given the energy needed for normal cognitive development and social skills. Key Words: - Nutrition, Cognition, Development, School,Skills, Children, Health
RETAINING ELOQUENT ARTWORK'S OCCURRENCE: AN ANALYSIS
Authors:   Universitas Prima Indonesia, STIE LMII, Indonesia, Syahirman Indrayono
Published: November 2022

New forms of popular culture offered by globalisation often leave out traditional art. As a result, the nation's supportive community began to gradually abandon the native culture. The traditional theatre of mendu in West Kalimantan is one of the regional arts that "lives reluctantly dead do not want to." Artists and community leaders in West Kalimantan's Sungai Duri 1 area, Mempawah regency, founded the Tirai Budayaart gallery in response to these concerns. This gallery's mission is to protect and promote its distinctive culture. For example, it invites newcomers to take part in mendu's historic theatre revival. The study's goal is to shed light on the gallery's role in preserving West Kalimantan's traditional theatre, TiraiBudaya. It is a case study approach that employs a descriptive qualitative methodology. Afterward, a description of the function of the TiraiBudayaart gallery in preserving the traditional mendu theatre as a hereditary heritage and a West Kalimantan cultural treasure was produced as a result of the study's findings. Keywords: West Kalimantan cultur, Mempawah regency, West Kalimantan's Sungai Duri
PROBLEMS OF OFFLINE & ONLINE SHOPPING: A STUDY ON CUSTOMERS OF PUNE CITY
Authors:   Research Scholar, Faculty of Management Studies, PAHER University, Udaipur, Sharma Neeraj , Gupta Prof. Rimjhim ,   Research Supervisor, Faculty of Management Studies, PAHER University, Udaipur
Published: November 2022

The 21st century has witnessed tremendous growth in online shopping, but it doesn’t mean that customers have switched completely from offline to online shopping. Both ways of shopping have their own merits & demerits. The objective of this paper is to study the problems faced by consumers during online & offline shopping. Result showed that in offline shopping Poor Replacement procedure was the major problem faced by customers followed by Insufficient Description. In online shopping Hidden Terms & Conditions was the major problem faced by customers followed by Insufficient Description. It has been concluded that there is a significant difference between problems faced by consumers during online & offline shopping. Keywords: Offline Shopping, Online Shopping, Problems
AN ANALYSIS OF ETHIOPIA-ERITREA RELATIONS: IMPLICATIONS ON THE PROTECTION OF REFUGEES
Authors:   Department of Political and Administrative Studies, University of Port Harcourt,  Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, Tamunopubo Big-Alabo
Published: November 2022

This study examined the Ethiopia-Eritrea relations and implications for protection of refugees. The study was guided by migrations system theory by Kritz and Zlotnik and the aim of this study is to analysis the factors that have made Eritrean migrate to Ethiopia and measures taken by the Ethiopian government to protect Eritrean refugees that have migrated to Ethiopia. The study adopted ex-post research design while data for this study was gotten through secondary source such as textbooks, journal articles, newspapers, magazines and internet. The findings of the study showed that there are several factors that have made Eritrean to migrate to Ethiopia which includes; Identity-based characteristics of the Eritrean population, discrimination towards minorities, state role in the marginalization of minorities, religious and gender issues. The failure to provide facilities and other livelihood support has a negative impact on refugees’ that have made them not to be protected to the fullest. Based on the findings the study recommended among others: that Eritrea refugees in Ethiopia must be meaningfully included in consultations at national and international levels about frameworks and responses that will affect them, including plans for national-level and Ethiopia government must set up plans that prioritize not only the material needs of refugees but also more fundamental human needs to live a dignified life, to have the conditions enabling them to fulfill their aspirations, and the legal, social and psychological assistance needed to realize those. Keywords: Refugees, protection of refugees, discrimination, migration and conflict.
Tithonia diversifolia otra alternativa de arbusto para su empleo en sistemas silvopastoriles en Cuba
Authors: Ruiz Tomás E. , Rodríguez Bárbara , Padilla Cesar , Valenciaga Nurys , Lok Sandra , Galindo Juana , Savón Lourdes , Chongo Berta , La O Oreste , Torres Verena , Gutiérrez Delfín , Scull Idania , Rodríguez Rafael , Valenciaga Daiki , López José R. , Alonso Jatnel , Medina Yolaine , Cino Delia M. , Vázquez Ysnagmy , Castro José. A.
Published: November 2022

El Instituto de Ciencia Animal de Cuba trabaja desde 2006 con esta planta mediante un estudio integral de la potencialidad de una fuente de follaje abundante en el trópico y componente de la flora cubana.
The Proliferation of Regional Regulation Cancellation in Indonesia
Authors: Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Hayat Muhammad Jihadul
Published: November 2022

The purpose of constitutional amendments is to grant the Supreme Court the authority to review laws and regulations in accordance with the law. However, the arrangement did not function optimally due to the government's persistent assumption of the authority to cancel Regional Regulations. In an era of regional autonomy, the purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of the ranking of laws and regulations regarding the repeal of regional legal products. This is a normative legal study utilizing secondary data. The results demonstrated that the concept of implementing the ranking of laws and regulations on the repeal of regional legal products during the era of regional autonomy was not carried out in accordance with the constitution and should have been limited while it was still in the form of draft regional regulations.
The Court Online Content Moderation: A Constitutional Framework
Authors: Saputra Rian , M Zaid M Zaid , Emovwodo Silaas Oghenemaro
Published: November 2022

This study aims to see and describe the practice of electronic justice in Indonesia based on the digital constitutionalism approach; as a concept that tends to be new, Digital Constitutionalism in its development also accommodates the due process online in scientific discourse. This research is normative legal research using a statutory and conceptual approach. Based on the research results, it is known that the practice of electronic justice in Indonesia still uses procedural law guidelines, which are conventional procedural law and internal judicial regulations. In contrast, the development of electronic justice that utilizes technological advances is insufficient to use conventional procedural law in its implementation because it is annulled. It has not been oriented to the protection of Human Rights as conceptualized in the Digital Constitutionalism discourse, which includes due process online. So the regulation of electronic justice in the future must be based on Digital Constitutionalism, which includes knowing the due process online by prioritizing the protection of human rights in a virtual scope from the provider of electronic judicial technology facilities.
Leaving the Academy: A Participatory Open Research Approach
Authors: Blili-Hamelin Borhane , Post Academics Open
Published: November 2022

Public announcement and project description for a collaborative open project about the experience of people who left academia.
Workshop 2, Leaving the Academy
Authors: Post Academics Open
Published: November 2022

Participatory workshop in which we invited the community to collaborate on our survey design. (Wednesday Oct 10, 2022)
Strategies for Transferring Cultural Capital: The Case of Highly Skilled Finns in Europe
Authors: Koikkalainen Saara
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on the labor market experiences of highly skilled Finns living in twelve European Union member states. It examines the transferability of cultural capital, i.e. one's skills, work experience, and educational qualifications, across borders. The article identifies three strategies—adaptation, distinction, and reorientation—that highly skilled migrants use when looking for employment abroad. Adaptation to the conditions of the local labor market is necessary for all migrants, and, for some, using this strategy is enough to find work. Using the strategy of distinction can help in competing successfully with other job-seekers, if one has rare skills that are on-demand. However, for some, a complete re-orientation may be necessary if continuing in one's own career is not possible. The article concludes that there are several ways in which to make it abroad and to find a good life and a new home in the border-free Europe.
The Apple Never Falls Far from the Tree—Or does It? Finnish Female Migrant Transnational Generations on the Swedish Labor Market
Authors: Snellman Hanna , Weckström Lotta
Published: November 2022

Migration from Finland to Sweden has taken place throughout times, yet the Westward migration reached its peak during the 1960s and 1970s: half a million Finns migrated to Sweden, predominately motivated by employment opportunities. This article is about Finnish female labor migrants, their daily experiences in the Swedish labor market, and the experiences of these labor migrants' transnational generations. We studied the education, career choices, and occupational opportunities of both groups and found that little upward mobility can be detected. This, however, does not translate to dissatisfaction in the women we studied; on the contrary, both generations were content with their careers. In our data, the experience of the Finnish language as a burden in a professional setting seems to have carried over to the next generation, as only a few spoke of their bilingualism as a real asset.
Stories of Engagement within Finnish Generation Y
Authors: Kultalahti Susanna
Published: November 2022

This is among the first studies to examine Finnish Generation Y. The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine Finnish Millennials' work engagement by analyzing their perceptions of motivational factors at work. The article also compares those perceptions on the part of working and non-working Millennials. The method of empathy-based stories (MEBS), developed by Jari Eskola, a Finnish sociologist, was adopted in collecting the data via social media (Facebook). The findings are in line with previous studies that have addressed Millennials' preferences in their working life, for example, work environment, social connections, job content, and flexibility. Non-working Millennials mentioned more clearly either vigor or dedication concerning the elements of work engagement, whereas the stories from working Millennials were mixed between these two dimensions of engagement, namely vigor and dedication. Thus, the perceptions of work engagement might differ depending on the work situation. In addition to using an innovative data-collection process in terms of harnessing social media and utilizing a relatively rarely used method in the business field, the study provides new insights through its examination of Generation Y. The paper suggests that Generation Y should not be viewed as a homogenous group, and future studies should concentrate on the possible distinctions among Millennials.
On Some Results about Schrodinger-Hermite Equation
Authors:   Department Of Mathematics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey, Celik Mehmet
Published: November 2022

This work is dedicated to study the equation of Schrodinger-Hermite on some well-known spaces as L_2 (R^n ) by using Hermite operator H=-∆+|x|^2.
Square root Diophantine neutrosophic normal interval-valued sets and their aggregated operators in application to multiple attribute decision making
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602105, India, Palanikumar M. ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben MSik, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco, Broumi Said
Published: November 2022

We discuss innovative square root Diophantine neutrosophic normal interval-valued set (SRDioNSNIVS)- based approaches to multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. Square root neutrosophic sets, interval-valued Diophantine neutrosophic sets and neutrosophic normal interval-valued (NSNIV) sets are both extensions of square root Diophantine neutrosophic sets. In this section, we will look over several aggregating operations and how those interpretations have evolved over time. The article is focused on a novel idea known as square root NSNIV weighted averaging (SRDioNSNIVWA), square root NSNIV weighted geometric (SRDioNSNIVWG), generalized square root NSNIV weighted averaging (GSRDioNSNIVWA), and generalized square root NSNIV weighted geometric (GSRDioNSNIVWG). In order to solve MADM problems, we also begin an algorithm based on the aforementioned operators. The use of the euclidean and hamming distances is described, and examples from real-world situations are given. The main characteristics of these sets under various algebraic operations will be discussed in this communication. They are more practical and straightforward, and the ideal choice may be determined quickly. As a result, the defined models are more accurate and closely tied to Φ. In order to show the reliability and usefulness of the models under examination, we also compare a few of the proposed and current models. The study’s results are also fascinating and intriguing.
A Review on Distributed Denial of Service Detection in Software Defined Network
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Information, Mansoura University, Egypt, Shazly Khadija ,   University: Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST) Faculty of Engineering Department of computer and software engineering,   Computer Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Computer Sciences, Mustaqbal University, Buraydah 52547, Saudi Arabia,   Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport, Salem Dina A. , Hammami Nacereddine , ElSeddawy Ahmed I. B.
Published: November 2022

Network security has become considerably essential because of the expansion of the internet of things (IoT) devices. One of the greatest hazards of today's networks is distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, which could destroy critical network services. Recently numerous IoT devices are unsuspectingly attacked by DDoS. To securely manage IoT equipment, researchers have introduced software-defined networks (SDN). This paper aims to analyze and discuss machine learning-based systems for SDN security networks from DDoS attacks. The results have indicated that the algorithms for machine learning can be used to detect DDoS attacks in SDN efficiently. From machine learning approaches, it can be explored that the best way to detect DDoS attacks is based on utilizing deep learning procedures. Moreover, analyze the methods that combine it with other machine learning techniques. The most benefits that can be achieved from using deep learning methods are the ability to do both feature extraction along with data classification; the ability to extract specific information from partial data. Nevertheless, it is appropriate to recognize the low-rate attack, and it can get more computation resources than other machine learning where it can use a graphics processing unit (GPU) rather than a central processing unit (CPU) for carrying out the matrix operations, making the processes computationally effective and fast.
Functions of L1 Use in the L2 Classes: Jordanian EFL Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Algazo Muath
Published: November 2022

This qualitative study investigated teachers’ perspectives on the functions of first language (L1) use in the second language (L2) classroom. Data were collected from seven Jordanian English as foreign language (EFL) teachers, where each teacher participated in one classroom observation and two rounds of interviews, one pre-observation and one post-observation. Interviews were transcribed and coded for recurrent themes. Thematic analysis identified six functions of L1 use that teachers used to enhance teaching and learning: translating, explaining metalinguistic information, overcoming teaching challenges, giving instructions, improving motivation, and avoiding words in the L2 that sound taboo in the L1. This research contributes to a more complex picture of L2 teaching in Jordan and potentially other similar EFL settings. The findings could also guide L2 academics, policymakers, and practitioners in better understanding the role of the L1 in the L2 classroom, particularly in foreign language (FL) contexts.
DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION USING A MANIKIN
Authors: KIZIL Melahat
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Many studies have shown that people applying cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) cannot make sustained and effective CPR due to fatigue, sweaty hands, broken ribs, inability to determine the correct area etc. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness and sustainability of CPR quality using a CPR manikin by following the 2015 CPR guidelines.Material and Method: This study was carried out with 153 student volunteers from seven different health sciences programmes at Izmir University of Economics. All students were trained in first aid and basic life support in the previous school academic year. The time and effectiveness of CPR applied on a CPR manikin (Ambu® Manikin) were measured. The students’ body positioning, blowing capacities, depth of pressures and effective pressure durations were evaluated and numerical data were analysed by t-test. P-value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21.Results: Of the 153 student volunteers, 60.1% were female and 39.9% were male. The average student age was 20.32 ± 03 years, the average height was 169.20 ± 26 cm and the average weight was 65.12 ± 42 kg. The average effective CPR duration was 2.95 ± 0.86 min, the average pressure depth was 4.33 cm and the average depth of pressures and effective pressure was 0.6 liters. The position of the arms was correct in 83% of the students. In 81% of the cases, the application site was correctly determined. Moreover, 68.6% of the students were able to sustain the pumping activity of the heart. In all parameters other than the arms position, male students had better results than female students. CPR is a very important live-saving method to increase the chance of survival. However, this practice is ineffective unless applied correctly and timely.Conclusion: This study showed that manual chest compression on the manikin became ineffective in both speed and effectiveness just within minutes. This shows that there is a very important deficiency in this area where human life depends on minutes. Thus, developing and commissioning auxiliary external chest compression device that can perform CPR, especially in pre-hospital setting, ambulance and emergency departments, is important.
The Usefulness of Intraoral Ultrasonography and Post-Contrast Three-Dimensional Fast Field Echo Imaging in the Evaluation of Radiological Depth of Invasion of Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparison with Pathological Depth of Invasion Assessment
Authors: Kawashima Yusuke , Masaaki Miyakoshi , Kawabata Yoshihiro , Indo Hiroko
Published: November 2022

Aim
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral tongue. Depth of invasion (DOI) of the tongue SCC is known as a predictor of recurrence and survival in patients. Both intraoral ultrasonography (ioUS) and post-contrast three-dimensional fast field echo (3D-FFE) imaging are useful for predicting pathological DOI and can contribute to effective treatment plans and a positive prognosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ioUS in comparison with post-contrast 3D-FFE imaging for assessing radiological DOI and compare radiological DOI and pathological DOI in patients with oral tongue SCC.
Methods
Fifteen patients were included in this study conducted between August 2018 and March 2020. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to compare radiological DOI with pathological DOI.
Results
Both ioUS-derived DOI (9.98 mm) and 3D-FFE-derived DOI (9.86 mm) were larger than pathological DOI (5.7 mm). The Pearsons correlation coefficient (PCC) between ioUS-derived DOI and pathological DOI was 0.63 and between 3D-FFE-derived DOI and pathological DOI was 0.58.
CT scan in diagnosing focal myositis: a case report.
Authors: Hamadou Leila , Moncer Rihab , Ouanes Walid , Frigui Sinene , Toulgui Emna , Maaref Khaled , Jemni Sonia
Published: November 2022

Focal myositis (FM) is an inflammatory muscle disease of unknown cause. It can simulate sural thrombophlebitis if it affects the lower limb. We report the case of a 15-year-old child with complete post-traumatic quadriplegia who developed edema of the left leg with a tense calf, slight redness and an increase in local heat. A CT angiography of the lower limbs excluded deep vein thrombosis and showed a myositis of the posterior compartment of the left leg. The patient was put on an anti-inflammatory drug with complete disappearance of the edema after seven days. In this reported case, we highlight the role of CT in the diagnosis and follow-up of FM as it’s cheaper and more accessible than MRI. The outcome is often favorable with spontaneous resolution or under anti-inflammatory treatment after a few weeks.
Molecular Characterization of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Camels and their Surrounding Environment
Authors: Farag Heba
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted in North Coast region, Egypt on 40 camels (Camelus dromedarius), including, 30 females and 10 males aged from 1 to 5 years old during 2021 to study the role of surrounding environment in transmission of E. coli to camels beside detect the presence of some virulence genes in the obtained isolates by PCR. It was found that the recovery rate of E. coli from different examined samples after biochemical confirmation of the recovered isolates on Eosin Methylene Blue media (EMB) was 37.5, 20, 46.7 and 33.3% in the examined samples of fecal swabs, milk, soil, and water respectively. Serological typing of 33 E. coli isolates recovered from different sources clarified the presence of O26, O55, O113, O111, O121, and O128 serotypes. Finally, some virulence genes including, eaeA and hylA genes were detected in the recovered E. coli serotypes with percentage of 51.5 and 69.7%, respectively. At the end, it was concluded that pathogenic E. coli were recovered from fecal swabs and milk of the examined camels as well as water and soil that may highlight the role the surrounding environment of camels of as source of infection of camels by the detected bacteria so disinfection of soil and water with selective efficient disinfectant may be a solution for such problem.
Ultrastructural and biochemical studies on the potential effects of Moringa oleifera seed oil against nephrotoxicity induced by sofosbuvir in albino rats
Authors: Mahran Hoda , Okdah Yosry , Zaky Aisha , Arisha Samah
Published: November 2022

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes both acute and chronic hepatitis which spread worldwide and accompanied with severe complications in long period of injury. Sofosbuvir (sofo) is a new drug for HCV treatment. Although it has an effective potential in reducing HCV load, its use was accompanied by some side effects. Moringa oleifera (MO) seed oil is natural food-supplemented oil has many pharmaceutical properties which give the plant the ability to reduce or improve the side effects of many insults. This work aimed to determine the possible protective effects of MO seed oil against sofo-nephrotoxicity. Four experimental groups were used; the control group, MO oil group was orally given MO seed oil (2ml/kg/day), sofo group was orally given sofo (36mg/kg/day) and sofo and MO oil group was orally administered sofo, then after 2 hours they were given MO oil. The rats received all doses daily for eight weeks. Twenty four hours following the last injection, rats were anesthetized, sacrificed, the two kidneys were quickly removed and the blood samples were withdrawn for complete blood count (CBC) and determination of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of glutathione (GSH). Sofosbuvir induced marked ultrastructural changes and significant decrease in SOD activity and GSH level. In addition, CBC of the same groups showed significant decrease in the mean corpuscular value and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin and significant increase in red blood cells count. On the other hand, co-treatment with MO seed oil efficiency improved sofo-induced nephrotoxicity which was evident from the disappearance of most of the ultrastructural changes and improving SOD activity and GSH level. Conclusions: Moringa oleifera seed oil may improve the ultrastructural and biochemical changes associated with nephrotoxicity induced by sofo due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents.
Evaluation of knowledge, awareness, and practice of antimicrobial stewardship among prescribers of a teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Nadeem Mohammed , Maqdoom Maliha , S Mahammad , Akif Mohammed
Published: November 2022

Background: The injudicious and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in the low- and middle-income countries. Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) is the coordinated intervention to enhance the appropriate use of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is a multidisciplinary program with interventions and strategies to encourage AMS to prevent emergence of AMR.

Aims and Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge, awareness, and practice (KAP) of AMS among prescribers of a teaching hospital in South India.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study conducted after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval was conducted among prescribers of a teaching hospital from September 2022 to October 2022. Responses to the questionnaires issued to the prescribers through Google Forms were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Microsoft excel.

Results: A total of 230 prescribers submitted the filled in questionnaires. The definition of AMS was known to 62%. The constitution and functioning of ASP was known to 59%. However, only a few (38%) prescribers agreed that antimicrobials are avoided in viral infections. More than 60% had good awareness of AMS. However, only 25% were aware of an ASP program is their hospital. Fifty percent agreed to the practice of reviewing antimicrobial use after 48–72 h and only 38% to the practice of obtaining cultures before prescribing antimicrobials.

Conclusions: The prescribers had moderate knowledge and awareness and poor practice of AMS. To address these gaps, educational interventions and capacity building approaches are required.
Omeprazole-induced cardiac arrhythmia – A case report
Authors: Bhandari Vikram , Singh Narinder , Dureja Sheveta
Published: November 2022

Omeprazole, a Proton pump inhibitor, is widely prescribed in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux. Patients continue to use omeprazole for long period of time even without the supervision of the doctor. The authors report a 50-year-old male patient with a 5-year history of omeprazole use, who complained of chest discomfort. ECG on admission showed atrial fibrillation. Laboratory findings showed hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia, and hypokalemia. The case report emphasizes the importance of patient education regarding the use and adverse drug reactions of the prescribed medications.
Assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress in Type 2 diabetic patients: A case–control study
Authors: J Shirisha , S Priyanka , Y Devulapally , N Kala
Published: November 2022

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases throughout the world that leads to the highest mortality and morbidity.

Aim and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to observe depression, anxiety, and stress levels in Type 2 diabetic patients and compare them with healthy controls.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 diabetic patients with Type 2 diabetes and 30 age and gender-matched healthy controls were part of the study after obtaining written informed consent. The assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress was performed using the standard questionnaire DASS 21.

Results: There was a significantly higher level of depression scores observed in the cases when compared with the control group. Anxiety scores were significantly higher in diabetic patients when compared with the control group. Stress scores were significantly higher in diabetic individuals when compared with the control group.

Conclusion: The levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control group. Further detailed studies are recommended in this area to adopt the diagnosis and management of depression, anxiety, and stress levels in diabetic patients.
Primary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Petrous Apex: A Report of an Atypical Case
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon, Bakhos Jules-Joel , El Helou Evelyne ,   Sacred-Heart Hospital, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Rizk Elias ,   Sacred-Heart Hospital, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Moukarzel Nabil ,   Sacred-Heart Hospital, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
Published: November 2022

Introduction The head and neck region is a very uncommon location for small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (SCNEC), which are notoriously aggressive and have a terrible prognosis. We describe the second case of a poorly differentiated SCNEC involving the petrous apex of the temporal bone in the literature and discuss its therapy. Case Summary A 42-year-old white male smoker, without personal or familial significant history, presented with right-sided otalgia. A transnasal endoscopic biopsy of the right apical petrous bone was performed and the histopathological analysis was consistent with poorly differentiated SCNEC. The patient received 4 cycles of systemic chemotherapy followed by 30 radiotherapy sessions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography scan, and whole-body computed tomography scan images confirmed the absence of metastatic focus. Discussion TheliteraturelacksenoughdocumentationoftreatmentregimensforheadandneckSCNECs.Thebiggestdifficulty in our management is that few studies advise combining radiotherapy and chemotherapy without surgery.