bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOFT SKILLS, TRABALHO REMOTO E INDÚSTRIA 4.0: A REESTRUTURAÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Esse Luis Gustavo
Published: December 2023

This work addresses, quite succinctly, the importance of soft skills in the Industry 4.0 scenario, demonstrating how these personal characteristics of the employee can be interesting for their professional success in this new Industrial Revolution, where men and machines need to coexist in the work environment. work, in a cooperative way, since the machines have ceased to be mere work tools and have become effective collaborators in the execution of the work necessary for the productive activity. This work managed to reach a conclusion about the main challenges, to take advantage of good employees, with the necessary soft skills to deal with this new scenario, pointing out, in the Brazilian scenario, the need to encourage professional qualification, so that these employees are not excluded from the labor market in the near future. As a methodology for carrying out this research, this work used bibliographical and documentary research, using national and foreign materials on the subject.
Effect of Al2(SO4)3 Additive on the Properties of Calcined Gypsum Prepared from Flue Gas Desulfurization
Authors: CHENG Guanji , HAO Jianying , GUO Bing , HU Tao , WANG Shengchang
Published: December 2023

In order to upgrade the utilization of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum, crystal modifier aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) was added into FGD gypsum to prepare calcined gypsum by calcining at normal pressure, and the effect of Al2(SO4)3 addition on the performance of calcined gypsum was studied. The results show that the addition of Al2(SO4)3 to FGD gypsum is slightly beneficial to promote the crystallization of hemihydrate gypsum (HH) along the a-axis direction. The Al2(SO4)3 addition also has a quick-setting effect on gypsum plaster during the hydration process, meanwhile inhibiting the growth of the (020) crystal plane of dihydrate gypsum (DH), then promoting uniform growth and aggregation along the c-axis. The close stacking makes hardened gypsum body dense and improves the strength of calcined gypsum. The strength of calcined gypsum prepared by calcining FGD gypsum with Al2(SO4)3 of 0.6 wt.% at 170 ℃ for 2 h is the highest. 2 h and 7 d flexural strength are 3.80 MPa and 7.20 MPa, and 2 h and 7 d compressive strength are 9.05 MPa and 19.23 MPa, respectively. In addition, 2 h flexural and compressive strength of the calcined gypsum with 0.6 ~ 1.0 wt.% of Al2(SO4)3 prepared at 170 ~ 180 ℃ for 2 h increase by 16 ~ 22 % and 20 ~ 33 %, respectively, which is very advantageous for the high value-added reuse of FGD gypsum for the preparation of high-quality calcined gypsum.
Host-Pathogen Interactions in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Damilola Wilkie Eunice , Oluwapelumi Alao Jude , Akin Akinmolayan Tosin
Published: December 2023

The book chapter titled “Host–Pathogen Interactions in Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Potential Therapeutic Targets” provides an in-depth exploration of the complex interplay between A. baumannii, a notorious multidrug-resistant pathogen, and the host immune system. The chapter will focus on elucidating the mechanisms employed by A. baumannii to evade and subvert the immune response, leading to persistent and challenging infections. It will highlight key aspects of the host immune system, including innate and adaptive immunity, pattern-recognition receptors, and immune cell responses, in the context of A. baumannii infections. Additionally, the chapter discusses the virulence factors and strategies employed by A. baumannii to establish infection, such as biofilm formation and quorum sensing. Importantly, the chapter will explore potential therapeutic targets for combating A. baumannii infections, including novel antimicrobial agents, immunotherapies, and host-directed therapies. The comprehensive analysis of host–pathogen interactions and identification of therapeutic strategies presented in this chapter contribute to our understanding of A. baumannii infections and pave the way for future research directions and healthcare interventions in combating this formidable pathogen.
Perspective Chapter: Health Inequalities in Zambia – A Comprehensive Exploration
Authors: Chrispin Mupakile
Published: December 2023

Zambia like any other developing country is faced with a lot of health inequalities that includes disease burden, poor housing and infrastructure, poor sanitation, water supply challenges, poverty and nutrition deficiencies. In 2019, the Ministry of Health Zambia reported to have made significant steps towards improving the health of the population based on the principle of Universal Health Coverage using an integrated people-centred approach. Through these steps, the National Health Insurance Scheme was introduced which is still in effect and its positive outcome has been noted by the population even though it had its negative sides such as not providing some essential services especially those related to accidents.
Laboratory Monitoring of Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Marco-Rico Ana
Published: December 2023

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as an alternative to vitamin K antagonists for many indications, including atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. The anticoagulant effect of DOACs is usually directly proportional to its plasma concentration. Routine monitoring of DOACs in the laboratory is, therefore, not recommended. However, there are some clinical situations in which measuring the anticoagulant effect of DOACs is desirable, such as acute renal impairment, thrombosis despite a correct DOAC intake or immediate DOAC reversion requirement. Liquid chromatography/coupled tandem mass spectrometry is the most accurate assay to evaluate DOAC plasma concentration. This procedure is not available in the majority of clinical laboratories, though. Here, the main feasible analysis in the urgent and routine clinical laboratory, in addition to the assay of choice depending on the DOAC, is described. This review also focuses on how to optimally reverse DOAC activity and describes strategies to minimize interferences in DOAC monitoring.
Clinico-Pathological Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes of Incidental Appendiceal Carcinoid Tumors in Children
Authors: Baykara Aziz Serhat , Bildirici Yasar
Published: December 2023

Background: Appendiceal carcinoid tumors are uncommon in children and are usually found incidentally during histopathological examination after appendectomy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and long-term outcomes of appendiceal carcinoid tumors in children. Methods: Patients under 18 years old with a diagnosis of appendiceal carcinoid tumor were analyzed. Demographical, clinical, radiological, surgical, and pathological data and long-term outcomes were evaluated. Results: A total of 10 (0.64%) appendiceal carcinoid tumors were found in 1562 appendectomy specimens. The mean age of children with appendiceal carcinoid tumors was 12.6 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 2:3. Tumor localization was at the tip of the appendix in 9 (90%) patients. Seven (70%) tumors were smaller than 1 cm, while 3 (30%) tumors were between 1 and 2 cm. The depth of tumor penetration reached the subserosa in 8 (80%) patients and the mesoappendix in the remaining 2 (20%) cases. Surgical margins were intact in all patients, and no additional surgery was performed. The patients were followed up for an average of 42.4 months, and no recurrence was detected. Conclusions: Appendiceal carcinoid tumors usually have nonspecific clinical-radiological findings and are almost always detected incidentally during the histopathological analysis of appendectomy specimens resected due to acute appendicitis. According to histopathology results, close follow-up and advanced surgical and medical treatments should be considered when necessary. Although the survival of patients is good, the possibility of colorectal malignancies should not be overlooked during follow-up.
Enhancing Psychological Hardiness and Distress Tolerance in Mothers of Hard of Hearing Children: The Efficacy of Mindfulness Integrated with Spiritual Therapy
Authors: Abbasi Mohammad Ebrahim , Golmohammadian Mohsen , Kakabraee Keivan
Published: December 2023

Background: Hard of hearing is a prevalent disability among children that presents challenges not only for the children themselves but also for their parents. The identification of a child’s hard of hearing often triggers a series of crises within the family, particularly for the mother. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of integrating mindfulness and spiritual therapy in enhancing the psychological hardiness and distress tolerance among mothers of hard-of-hearing children. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included a pretest-posttest method and two follow-up stages with a control group. A sample 0f 60 mothers who had children with hard of hearing were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to either the experimental group, which received mindfulness integrated with spiritual therapy (n = 30), or the control group (n = 30). Two post-test stages were conducted in both experimental and control groups and psychological hardiness and distress tolerance were evaluated using the Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory (AHI) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) data were analyzed using analysis of covariance with repeated measures. Results: The mindfulness integrated with spiritual therapy had a significant effect on enhancing distress tolerance and the psychological hardiness of mothers of hard-of-hearing children There was a significant difference in the total scores of AHI and DTS between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the pre-test, post-test, and follow-ups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The present study supports the efficacy of integrating mindfulness and spiritual therapy for improving psychological hardiness and distress tolerance among mothers of hard-of-hearing children.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DAN POLA ASUH GIZI DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK BALITA DI TK NEGERI PEMBINA TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Permata Sari Br Sembiring Intan
Published: December 2023

Status gizi merupakan indikator kesehatan yang penting karena anak usia di bawah lima tahun merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap kesehatan dan gizi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat pendapatan dan pola asuh gizi dengan status gizi balita di TK Negeri Pembina Tebing Tinggi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional study. Adapaun yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua balita di TK Negeri Pembina Tebing Tinggi sebanyak 60 orang. pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rumus slovin dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 52 sampel. Analaisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asupan nutrisi (energi, protein, karbohidrat dan lemak) pada anak balita di TK Negeri Pembina Tebing Tinggi rata-rata energi sebesar 1439, 69 kkal/hr, protein 26,71 gr/hr, karbohidrat 230,7 gr/hr dan asupan lemak 55,04 gr/hr. Pendapatan keluarga pada sampel dalam penelitian ini mayoritas di angka Rp. 1.500.000 – Rp. 2.500.000. Mayoritas pola asuh gizi anak balita di TK Negeri Pembina Tebing Tinggi ada pada kategori baik. Tidak ada hubungan antara pendapatan keluarga dengan status gizi anak balita di TK Negeri Pemnina Tebibg Tinggi p = > 0,05. Ada hubungan antara pola asuh gizi dengan status gizi anak balita di TK Negeri Pembina Tebing Tinggi p = < 0,05.  Dapat di simpulkan dari Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi status gizi anak balita, mendorong perbaikan kebijakan dan intervensi yang lebih efektif di masa mendatang. Implikasi melibatkan perbaikan kebijakan kesehatan dan pelayanan gizi.
T-Cell–Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma With Features of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma and Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Borderline Category With Overlapping Morphologic and Immunophenotypic Features
Authors: El Hussein Siba , Fang Hong , Jelloul Fatima Zahra , Wang Wei , Loghavi Sanam , Miranda Roberto N. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Burack W. Richard , Evans Andrew G. , Xu Jie , Medeiros L. Jeffrey
Published: December 2023

Context.—

It is known that a subset of cases of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) with B-cell–rich nodules (lymphocyte-rich CHL) exhibits morphologic and immunophenotypic features that overlap with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), raising diagnostic difficulties that can be resolved in most cases by performing an adequate battery of immunohistochemical studies.

Objective.—

To fully characterize cases of T-cell–rich Hodgkin lymphoma where a specific diagnosis of NLPHL (ie, pattern D) or CHL could not be made even after complete immunophenotypic investigation.

Design.—

The clinical, immunomorphologic, and molecular (when applicable) presentation of 3 cases of T-cell–rich Hodgkin lymphoma was thoroughly investigated.

Results.—

These 3 cases harbored lymphocyte-predominant–like and Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg–like cells that partially expressed B-cell and CHL markers and were negative for Epstein-Barr virus–encoded small RNA, in a T-cell–rich background with residual follicular dendritic cell meshworks; 1 case had frequent and the other 2 cases scant/absent eosinophils and plasma cells. Two patients with advanced-stage (III or IV) disease presented with axillary and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy, respectively, and without B symptoms. These patients underwent NLPHL-like therapeutic management with 6 cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride [hydroxydaunorubicin], vincristine sulfate [Oncovin], and prednisone) chemotherapy; both are in complete remission 7 years posttherapy. One patient presented with stage I disease involving an internal mammary lymph node without B-symptoms and was treated with surgical excision alone; this patient is also in complete remission 1 year later.

Conclusions.—

These cases illustrate overlapping features of T-cell–rich NLPHL and CHL with neoplastic cells expressing both B-cell program and CHL markers. This underrecognized overlap has not been fully illustrated in the literature, although it portrays a therapeutic challenge. These neoplasms may deserve in-depth investigation in the future that may bring up diagnostic or theragnostic implications.
Epidemiology Characteristics and Potential Cervical Cancer Screening Value of Vulvar Human Papillomavirus in Chinese Women: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Xiao , Xie Hongyu , Fu Yunfeng , Zhang Xiaofei , Dong Xiaohui , Ji Ying , Lu Weiguo , Wang Xinyu
Published: December 2023

Context.—

Noninvasive self-sampling is a convenient option that may be highly accepted by women for home-based detection, which could increase the screening rate for cervical cancer (CC) and reduce its incidence and mortality.

Objective.—

To compare the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) between the vulva and cervix and to explore the clinical value of vulvar HPV detection in CC screening.

Design.—

The study was nested within a clinical trial on a recombinant HPV 9–valent vaccine for women ages 20 to 45 years. Women with paired vulvar and cervical specimens were included and underwent cytology and HPV detection. The consistency of HPV detection between vulvar and cervical specimens was evaluated using Cohen κ statistics. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of primary CC screening. The primary end points were cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2/3 or worse (CIN2+/3+).

Results.—

A total of 7999 women were enrolled, and 83/33 cases were diagnosed as CIN2+/CIN3+. The HPV-positive rate in vulvar specimens (1785 of 7999; 22.32%) was higher than that in cervical specimens (1390 of 7999; 17.38%), and there were no significant differences in the distribution of hr-HPV genotypes between the vulva and cervix in patients with CIN2+/CIN3+. Vulva-based HPV primary screening showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV comparable to those for cervix-based HPV primary CC screening in the detection of CIN3+.

Conclusions.—

The distribution of vulvar and cervical HPV was similar in patients with CIN2+/CIN3+. Vulva-based HPV primary CC screening had acceptable diagnostic efficacy and might be used as a modality for primary CC screening.
A Review on the Effects of the Earthquake on Preschool Children
Authors: KORKMAZ Burak Can , ALTINSOY Mustafa Gökhan
Published: December 2023

Earthquakes have become a popular research area because they have recently caused numerous problems in many countries. Also, they significantly impact preschool children. Children in the preschool age group, which is a critical period, are at risk from earthquakes, as they are a vulnerable group. Specifically, investigating the effects of the earthquake on preschool children is crucial in solving the problems they experience and putting forward policy recommendations, but there is no review study specific to this age group in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of the earthquake on preschool children. The effects of the earthquake, which takes place in a wide range, on preschool children are gathered, especially in the fields of social, psychological, health, and education. Challenges experienced by parents, difficulties in meeting basic needs, complex psychological problems, and changes such as migration are some of the critical issues preschool children experience after earthquakes.
Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan di Indonesia: Peran Sentral Pilar-Pilar Pendidikan dalam Membentuk Generasi Unggul
Authors: Firmansyah Mhd. Zidan , Sa'duh Septria , Hasibuan Restu Permohonan , Gusmaneli Gusmaneli
Published: December 2023

This article analyses the efforts made to improve the quality of education in Indonesia, with a special emphasis on the important role of education pillars in the formation of a superior generation. Education in Indonesia faces many problems, such as inequality, limited access and variations in education quality. This article aims to explain the role of the key pillars of education, namely curriculum, teaching staff, infrastructure and community engagement. The curriculum is considered the foundation that shapes the way students think and have skills. The article discusses the importance of curriculum review to ensure relevance to local and global requirements and to utilise technology as an enabler for effective learning. The second pillar discusses the role of teachers as an important factor in disseminating knowledge and values to students. Considered important strategies to produce high-quality educators are qualification upgrading, continuous training and pedagogical skills development. Talking about education infrastructure means providing adequate physical and technological facilities. Talking about the sustainability and accessibility of infrastructure and the use of technology to support distance learning. The fourth pillar emphasises that community participation is crucial to building an enabling educational environment. In this article, we will discuss the roles played by parents, local communities and the private sector in supporting and complementing government efforts to improve the quality of education. This article provides a complete overview of how these pillars of education can shape a superior generation in Indonesia by detailing their benefits. It is hoped that the implementation of integrated strategic actions in each pillar will be a strong foundation for achieving the long-term goal of improving the quality of education in Indonesia.
Influência de eventos extremos de calor nos fluxos de energia em área agrícola com trigo no sul do Brasil
Authors: Veeck Gustavo Pujol , Mergen Alecsander , Souza Vanessa de Arruda , Stefanello Michel Baptistella , Dalmago Genei Antonio , Gouvea Jorge Alberto de , Rosa Cinara Ewerling da , Roberti Débora Regina
Published: December 2023

Os eventos de calor extremo tem sido reportados com mais frequência nos últimos anos. Entretanto, poucos estudos abordam os efeitos destes eventos sobre os fluxos turbulentos na camada limite atmosférica. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o comportamento anômalo nos fluxos de calor sensível e latente e sua relação com eventos de calor extremo em uma lavoura de trigo no município de Carazinho – RS, no período de inverno. A análise mostrou uma relação entre a intensa advecção de ar quente do quadrante norte com o aumento do fluxo de calor latente e a valores negativos do fluxo de calor sensível durante vários dias consecutivos. Portanto, o evento de calor extremo modifica de forma significativa o padrão esperado para o comportamento dos fluxos superficiais.
İlkokul Öğretim Program’larının Hayal Gücü Eğitimi Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Aydın Yıldıray
Published: December 2023

Hayal gücü, her dönem güncelliğini koruyan önemli bir bilişsel beceridir. Bu becerinin öğrencilerde gelişiminin desteklenmesi ise bu alanda verilecek eğitim ile olacaktır. Hayal gücü eğitimi de okul müfredatı ile ilişkili olarak verilmelidir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokul öğretim programlarının hayal gücü eğitimi bağlamında incelenmesidir. Bu amaca bağlı olarak araştırma doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Bulgulardan elde edilen sonuçlara göre ilkokul öğretim programları arasında hayal gücü temasına en sık yerilenlerin müzik, görsel sanatlar ve Türkçe olduğu; en az sıklıkla yer verilenlerin beden eğitimi ve oyun, trafik güvenliği olduğu; sıklıkla olmasa da hayal gücü temasına yer verilenlerin hayat bilgisi, fen bilimleri ve sosyal bilgiler olduğu, hiç yer verilmeyen ilkokul öğretim programlarının ise matematik, İngilizce, din kültürü ve ahlak bilgisi, insan hakları, yurttaşlık ve demokrasi dersi öğretim programları olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Hayal gücünün bireyin gelişimine katkıları göz önüne alınarak Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından ilkokulda hayal gücü eğitimine önem verilmesi önerilir.
Understanding the Influential Factors of Teenage Pregnancy in Kirumya Sub-county, Bundibugyo District, Western Uganda
Authors:   Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kampala International University, Uganda, Fosca Wasswa Rodrick
Published: December 2023

Teenage pregnancy remains a pressing global concern, impacting public health and development on multiple fronts. This study focused on probing the specific factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Kirumya sub-county, Bundibugyo District, in western Uganda. Its objectives centered on determining the prevalence of teenage pregnancy, identifying key contributing factors, and highlighting the challenges faced by adolescents contending with early pregnancies. Engaging fifty teenage mothers and drawing insights from ten key informants, the study employed face-to-face individual interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) for data collection. The research uncovered an alarming prevalence of teenage pregnancy, estimated at 30-40%, surpassing the national average of 25%. Several interconnected factors drove this heightened incidence, including inadequate parental guidance, limited educational opportunities for teenagers, negative cultural norms, challenging socio-economic conditions, insufficient access to youth-friendly services and contraceptives, and a dearth of supportive environments for proper child rearing and development. Furthermore, the study shed light on the significant challenges faced by teenage mothers, encompassing the weight of childcare responsibilities, parental discrimination, and a lack of spousal support. In summary, the study revealed the pronounced prevalence of teenage pregnancy in Bundibugyo District, largely stemming from social, cultural, and institutional factors. Its recommendations advocate collaborative efforts among government entities, NGOs, schools, and parents, emphasizing improved sex education, enhanced accessibility to youth-friendly services, and the establishment of comprehensive social, economic, and psychological support networks for teenage mothers navigating this intricate landscape. Keywords: teenage pregnancy, associated factors, women.
Privileged Reading Strategy: Overcoming Comprehension Impediments
Authors: Elimam Fatima
Published: December 2023

Reading is presented in this article as a privileged skill that takes place in both mono-coded, as well as dual-coded learning settings. In mono-coded reading, students are always asked to refer to monolingual dictionaries to help deciphering the semantic reference of words and expressions before attempting to look into the reading passage in order to find answers for the comprehension questions. Reading for comprehension is only a very initial step that is supposed to be enhanced by making the ordinary reading comprehension tasks similar to translators’ view of a ST; i.e. reading not only for the sake of comprehending the passage, but, to thoroughly understanding it, taking strategic decisions regarding it, and taking further decisions of details regarding problems of grammar, syntax and semantic denotations. Reading like translators, is the exact privileged reading skill that the present study attempts to propose to mitigate traditional difficulties associated with reading comprehension assignments. This paper's aim is to consider aspects of reading being a passive skill for obtaining information of developing a mode, versus reading for translation purposes, namely privileged reading.
(26.55 %, or 23.69 %)-Limiting Highest Efficiencies, obtained respectively in
Authors: Van-Cong Huynh
Published: December 2023

In the n+(p+)−p(n) crystalline (X≡ CdTe or CdSe)-junction solar cells at 300K, due to the effects of impurity size, temperature, heavy doping, and photovoltaic conversion, we show that, with an increasing donor (acceptor)-radius rd(a), both the relative dielectric constant and photovoltaic conversion factor decrease, and the intrinsic band gap (IBG) increases, according to the increase in photovoltaic efficiency, as observed in Tables 1-5, being in good accordance with an important result obtained by Shockley and Queisser (1961), stating that for an increasing IBG the photovoltaic efficiency increases. Further, for highest values of rd(a), the limiting highest efficiencies are found to be given in Tables 4, 6, as: 26.55 %, and 23.69 %, obtained in such n+(p+)−p(n) crystalline (CdTe, or CdSe)-junction solar cells at the open circuit voltage Voc=0.82 V, and 0.89 V, respectively, and at T=300 K. Furthermore, from the well-known Carnot-efficiency theorem, as given in Eq. (46), being obtained from the second principle of the thermodynamics, and from the above results of limiting highest efficiencies, the corresponding highest hot reservoir temperatures, TH=408.4 K, and 393.1 K, respectively. Thus, as noted above, ηmax. and TH both increase with an increasing IBG, for each (X≡ CdTe, or CdSe)- crystal at T=300 K≡TC.
A trip down memory lane: An online departmental connection map from 1989.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: December 2023

In 2023, we very much take for granted that everyone and pretty much everything is online. But it was not always so and when I came across an old plan indicating how the chemistry department at Imperial College was connected in 1989, I was struck by how much has happened in the 34 years since. Nowadays all the infrastructures needed are effectively “built in” to the building when it is constructed and few are even aware of them.
Analyzing the effect of fixed and moving bottlenecks on traffic flow and car accidents in a two-lane cellular automaton model
Authors: Laarej Ayoub , Lakouari Noureddine , Karakhi Azeddine , Ez-Zahraouy Hamid
Published: December 2023

Traffic bottleneck is considered as one of the major causes of the disturbance in traffic flow. The understanding the dynamics between vehicles and bottlenecks is crucial for enhancing traffic flow and ensuring road safety. This research examines a two-lane traffic cellular automaton model to understand the effects of static (e.g., lane reductions) and dynamic (e.g., slow-moving vehicles) bottlenecks on traffic flow and road safety. We found that at low vehicle densities, slow vehicles gravitate towards the open lane, while faster vehicles switch lanes to overtake, returning to their original lane post-bottleneck. At high densities, traffic flow near static bottlenecks ceases, independent of bottleneck length. Safety analysis shows that extended static bottlenecks reduce rear-end collision risk due to fewer lane changes and increased vehicle stationarity. At maximum density, gridlock nullifies the chance of such collisions. Our findings provide actionable insights for traffic planning focused on bottleneck management to improve road safety.
Simulation model for rendering and analyzing the prediction of electric vehicle energy consumption in Matlab/Simulink
Authors: Janković Filip , Mujović Saša
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This work presents the development of a simulation model for predicting the electricity consumption of electric vehicles (EV), with a focus on creating a model that enables precise monitoring of the electric vehicle battery's state. A simple method is provided for predicting the state of charge (SoC) of electric vehicle batteries   without computational complexity and other processes. Relevance of the study is clearly demonstrated through the ease of adaptability to all types of electric vehicles, using reliable methodologies for predicting the energy consumption of electric vehicle. This approach aims to contribute to the advancement of the technological infrastructure of electric vehicles, their chargers, and routing application software.
The desire for power and romantic commitment in LGBTQ relationships
Authors: Zeigler-Hill Virgil , LaCross Dallas
Published: December 2023

The present study concerned the connection between the desire for power and romantic commitment in LGBTQ relationships as well as the roles that indicators of relationship functioning (e.g., relationship satisfaction) and perceptions of power played in this association. These associations were examined in community members (N = 113) involved in an LGBTQ romantic relationship. The desire for power had a negative association with romantic commitment that was mediated by perceptions of the relationship and moderated by perceived power. Similar to the results of previous studies concerning heterosexual relationships, these results suggest that issues surrounding the desire for power may be intimately connected with romantic commitment in LGBTQ relationships.
Development of the Principle of Legality in Indonesian Criminal Law
Authors: Sitorus Tonggo , Harahap Muhammad Rafandi , Sembiring Ferdinand , Hasibuan Syaiful Asmi
Published: December 2023

Legality is the oldest principle of criminal law and is found in almost all national criminal laws worldwide. The existence of this principle is to protect citizens from the arbitrariness of the authorities. The principle of legality in criminal law has a central role in ensuring legal certainty for society because this principle requires the existence of written regulations regarding a criminal act to carry out a punishment. The aim is to understand the principles of legality according to criminal law in Indonesia. The research used normative juridical methods with data collection methods through a literature study. The principle of legality in Indonesian criminal law is a fundamental principle. The principle of legality in criminal law is essential to determine whether or not a criminal law regulation can treat a criminal act that has occurred. Applying the principle of good legality in national criminal law is not rigid, mainly to tackle crimes against human rights.
Association of Negative Life Events and Psychological Well-being among Paramedical Staff
Authors: Bajwa Ruqia Safdar , Yunus Asma , Fadhel Fahmi Hassan , Iqbal Faiza , Sufyan Nabil Saleh , Mushtaq Shahzad Khaver
Published: December 2023

Background: Paramedical staff are essential to healthcare services and often encounter negative life events that can influence their psychological well-being. This research aimed to elucidate the connection between negative life events and the psychological well-being of paramedical personnel in Multan City, Punjab, Pakistan.

Methods: The study utilized a correlational research approach and involved a purposive sample of 196 paramedical staff from multiple medical institutions. The Negative Life Events Scale (Wills et al., 1992) and the Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff & Keyes, 1995) were used as study instruments. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the specified variables.

Results: The analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between negative life events and psychological well-being (r = -0.48, p < 0.01). Negative life events were found to be a significant predictor of psychological well-being, explaining 23% of the variance in well-being assessments. The paramedical staff who experienced a higher frequency of negative life events reported lower levels of psychological well-being.

Conclusion: The results of this study shed light on the importance of addressing the negative impact of life events on the psychological well-being of paramedical staff. These findings serve as a call to action for the development of specialized interventions and support structures that can help these healthcare professionals cope with the effects of these events. By proactively addressing these concerns, institutions can create a more supportive environment for staff and improve their overall well-being. These insights have the potential to inform institutional policies, support mechanisms for staff, and future research into mental health considerations in healthcare environments.
Direitos Humanos e armas nucleares
Authors: Lamazière Christiana
Published: December 2023

Este artigo examina a importância da temática de direitos humanos para a compreensão e a condenação das armas nucleares. Pressupõe que os direitos humanos, pelo status de universalidade e legitimidade que atingiram na comunidade internacional contemporânea, constituem instrumento essencial para concretizar a proscrição do uso, posse, estoque, transferência ou recebimento, produção e desenvolvimento de armas nucleares. O texto relata brevemente a importância da “Iniciativa Humanitária”, estratégia de enquadramento da problemática nuclear próxima à abordagem de direitos humanos, como fator dos progressos recentes no debate sobre o desarmamento nuclear. Ao deslocar o centro da discussão do debate meramente securitário e estadocêntrico para o enfoque humanitário, a Iniciativa Humanitária permitiu o início de um processo de deslegitimização das armas nucleares e de transformação da forma como os agentes públicos concebem-nas, encorajando uma reavaliação crítica das posições prevalecentes sobre o tema. Conclui argumentando que a política externa brasileira em temas de paz e segurança, em particular no campo do desarmamento, beneficiar-se-ia da adoção de um discurso mais centrado nos direitos humanos.
O posto de alto comissário das Nações Unidas para os Direitos Humanos e seu escritório: o mandato de Navi Pillay (2008-2014)
Authors: Hernandez Matheus
Published: December 2023

Este artigo trata do posto de Alto Comissário das Nações Unidas para os Direitos Humanos e o seu Escritório, destacadamente do mandato de Navi Pillay (2008-2014). A pertinência desse objeto deve-se não só à posição político-institucional central ocupada pela organização, mas principalmente ao baixo número de estudos já realizados. A partir de uma abordagem construtivista de normas internacionais e de organizações internacionais, vistas aqui como burocracias, o artigo se propõe a um olhar analítico praticamente inédito. Assim, esta investigação tenciona apresentar o posto de ACNUDH e seu Escritório, destacando seu mandato e principais funções, de modo a prover subsídios para entender o desenvolvimento institucional desse agente e, com isso, ser capaz de compreender como se constituiu o mandato de Navi Pillay. A mais longeva mandatária no cargo até hoje, o seu mandato culminou no encontro consolidado dos principais vetores do desenvolvimento institucional do ACNUDH/EACNUDH. Busca-se discutir quais foram as estratégias adotadas pela mandatária para incidir nos debates internacionais sobre direitos humanos, como ela mobilizou seus recursos político-burocráticos nesse sentido e quais tensões e resistências enfrentou. Em suma, este trabalho pretende evidenciar em que medida o ACNUDH/EACNUDH é uma organização internacional de direitos humanos dotada de agência política.
Governança da Internet, nascimento de um regime
Authors: Silva Pedro Ivo
Published: December 2023

O artigo apresenta os elementos principais do regime internacional de governança da Internet, buscando contextualizá-lo no processo de surgimento, desenvolvimento e consolidação da Rede Mundial de Computadores. Além de listar e descrever os principais marcos de institucionalização do citado regime, o texto dedica especial atenção ao papel desempenhado pelo Brasil nesse processo, tanto em função de suas conquistas internas como também por meio da atuação externa de sua diplomacia e demais setores interessados do país.
A educação no âmbito das políticas para as comunidades brasileiras no exterior
Authors: Silva Luiza
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo visa a enfatizar o papel estratégico da educação na boa inserção econômica e social das comunidades brasileiras emigradas nos países de acolhimento. Procura demonstrar como a melhoria dos níveis educacionais, seja na esfera do ensino acadêmico, profissionalizante, do estudo de idiomas, artes e outros, pode trazer ganhos não apenas para as comunidades envolvidas, mas também para o país de acolhimento e para o Brasil. O texto faz uma breve cronologia das iniciativas do governo brasileiro nessa área, e com foco no Itamaraty e em suas políticas de apoio abrangente às comunidades brasileiras emigradas. Paralelamente à construção de parcerias com os órgãos nacionais competentes para atendimento das demandas educacionais dos brasileiros emigrados, a área consular do MRE e sua rede de postos no exterior vêm desenvolvendo uma série de ações iniciais naquela esfera. Relatam-se, a seguir, as principais ações desenvolvidas nos últimos anos, muitas das quais iniciadas em caráter piloto e hoje em processo de consolidação.
Flexibilities under article 39.3 of the TRIPS Agreement: protection of pharmaceutical test data and the case of Brazil
Authors: Leme Letícia
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on the Lundbeck v. ANVISA case to analyse the flexibilities regarding protection of pharmaceutical test data under article 39.3 of the TRIPS Agreement. It argues that ANVISA's granting of marketing approval for generic medicines on the basis of bioequivalence studies does not breach Brazil’s obligations under the TRIPS Agreement. This abbreviated process of approval is an important tool in fostering an industry for generic medicines. The text of article 39.3 needs to be interpreted flexibly and in light of the objective to promote access to medicines for all.
A política externa libanesa desde 1943: subordinação e divisão interna
Authors: Goulart Felipe
Published: December 2023

Desde a sua independência, em 1943, o Líbano apresenta política externa caracterizada pela fragmentação de seu processo decisório e de sua execução. A diplomacia do estado libanês tem, em menor ou maior grau, convivido e competido com a atuação internacional de forças subestatais, em especial os partidos políticos, que frequentemente operam sob influência de forças exteriores, sejam países ou até movimentos transnacionais. A inserção internacional do governo do Líbano e das legendas partidárias é verificada, particularmente, no diálogo com a numerosa diáspora libanesa espalhada em vários continentes.
As relações entre a Primeira República brasileira e o Império Russo (1889-1917): dois gigantes com ideais diferentes?
Authors: Quadros Bruno
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho é uma reconstituição factual das relações entre a Primeira República brasileira e o Império russo (1889-1917), abordando aspectos como o reconhecimento russo da República brasileira (1892), o comércio, as relações políticas, o intercâmbio cultural e científico, a imigração e os efeitos das duas Revoluções Russas de 1917 sobre o relacionamento bilateral. Realizado com base em fontes primárias e na bibliografia sobre o tema, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar em que medida o fator ideológico, manifestado na solidariedade dinástica entre os Romanov e os Orléans e Bragança e na oposição entre a concepção republicana e a monárquica de governo, representou um fator condicionante do encaminhamento das relações bilaterais no período. Subsidiariamente, busca-se destacar outros elementos que tenham tido influência na dinâmica das relações entre o Rio de Janeiro e São Petersburgo
Diplomacia e Discernimento Político: reflexão acerca da natureza da atividade diplomática
Authors: Belli Benoni
Published: December 2023

Este ensaio oferece elementos para reflexão sobre o papel do discernimento político na atividade diplomática a partir da análise de três debates: a escolha entre uma diplomacia que tenderia à especialização e uma diplomacia generalista; os dilemas na tradução de princípios gerais de política externa em posições adotadas em casos específicos; e a existência ou não de uma dimensão ética na diplomacia, voltada a garantir validade exemplar às escolhas efetuadas. O artigo defende que o discernimento político constitui elemento central no fazer diplomático e explora as condições históricas, políticas e axiológicas que moldam seu exercício no contexto democrático.
"Ideological Repertoires of the Brazilian Foreign Policy toward Africa across three presidential administrations (1995-2016): from realism to south-south solidarity, and back "
Authors: Costa Filho José
Published: December 2023

The article aims to identify the ideological repertoires mobilized by different presidential administrations in the context of the Brazilian foreign policy toward Africa from 1995 to 2016. The analysis of primary and secondary sources showed that Brazilian foreign policy toward Africa followed a general trend of ideological continuity. Brazilian foreign policy makers’ representations of Brazil – anchored on race, geography and material capabilities – and of Africa – framed through the lenses of solidarity, sentimentalism and pragmatism – changed only marginally. In addition, there was a consensus across administrations that “Africa cannot be ignored”. Change was mainly observed in the argumentative framework mobilized by the Lula da Silva administration (2003-2010). The Rousseff administration (2011-2016) enacted argument chains closer to those employed by the Cardoso administration (1995-2002). Both focused on a realist and creative approach to Africa and on the South Atlantic as a privileged area of cooperation. The Lula da Silva administration, in its turn, innovated by arguing that Brazil’s relations with African countries should be based on South-South solidarity, rather than caution and creativity, and by catapulting Africa as a whole to the top of Brazilian foreign policy agenda. According to the documents analyzed, these argumentative changes were mainly president-driven.
Brasil e Índia: 70 anos de relações bilaterais
Authors: Sandy Hudson
Published: December 2023

As relações bilaterais entre Brasil e Índia, que completam 70 anos em 2018, ocupam lugar de destaque entre os objetivos estratégicos do Brasil no continente asiático. A Índia contemporânea é notável por sua crescente prosperidade, que alçou o país à posição de sexta maior economia do mundo. Paralelamente ao crescimento econômico, tem aumentado a influência geopolítica do país. Brasil e Índia têm objetivos, desafios e valores em comum. Ambos acreditam que a ordem internacional deve se tornar mais inclusiva e legítima, almejam alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável e buscam aumentar o uso de energias renováveis. Essa confluência de pontos de vista é a base da parceria estratégica existente entre os dois países desde 2006.
Fundamentos teóricos e práticos para uma Diplomacia da Inovação
Authors: Silva Pedro Ivo
Published: December 2023

O artigo discute o conceito de “diplomacia da inovação”, apresentando seus fundamentos teóricos e práticos. Descreve como a “tecnologia” alcançou, na era da “sociedade do conhecimento”, o estatuto de principal força econômica e como a inovação vem se tornando a principal estratégia nacional de promoção de desenvolvimento. Avalia, por fim, o papel que a diplomacia deve exercer no contexto da atuação do estado como indutor e regulador de ecossistemas nacionais de inovação.
O Acordo de Salvaguardas Tecnológicas Brasil-Estados Unidos e o Centro Espacial de Alcântara
Authors: Candeas Alessandro
Published: December 2023

Este artigo analisa o Acordo sobre Salvaguardas Tecnológicas (AST) Brasil-Estados Unidos, assinado em 18/03/2019, em Washington, tendo por objetivos: ressaltar o amplo apoio político-parlamentar verificado por sua aprovação em tempo recorde pelo Congresso Nacional; destacar a relevância política, tecnológica e econômica do AST; discorrer brevemente sobre o histórico do Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara (CLA) e do Programa Espacial Brasileiro; comentar sobre o impasse na tramitação do AST anterior, de 2000; sublinhar o sucesso do processo negociador do AST 2019; e, por fim, apresentar uma síntese de seu conteúdo.
Transferência internacional de tecnologia: origens, conceitos e práticas
Authors: Silva Pedro Ivo
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo, o autor analisa o conceito de “transferência internacional de tecnologia” e discorre sobre suas variadas definições. Por meio, inicialmente, de um resgate histórico, seguido de análises de casos referentes a negociações no âmbito dos regimes internacionais de comércio, propriedade intelectual e meio ambiente, propõe-se demonstrar que a transferência de tecnologia entre países está sujeita a interpretações que visam a atender interesses nacionais específicos, via de regra, relacionados ao grau de desenvolvimento da economia e o estágio tecnológico do setor produtivo. Ao discorrer sobre as inúmeras modalidades de operacionalização – exportação e importação de bens de consumo e de capital; investimento estrangeiro em manufatura; licenciamento de tecnologias; internacionalização de centros de pesquisa e desenvolvimento; constituição de redes internacionais de inovação – o autor defende a necessidade de dar continuidade aos esforços de refinamento teórico e operacional do fenômeno, com o propósito de conferir maior transparência e, por conseguinte, maior senso pragmático aos acordos comerciais, às parcerias bilaterais e às negociações em mecanismos multilaterais relacionados ao tema.
COVID-19 e agricultura: o impacto da pandemia nos sistemas agrícolas brasileiro e internacional em 2020
Authors: Bento Leonardo , Alfieri Diego
Published: December 2023

Este artigo avalia a evolução da produção e das exportações agrícolas brasileiras e do comércio agrícola internacional durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Apresenta medidas adotadas pelo Brasil em resposta à pandemia, bem como restrições às exportações, políticas de apoio doméstico e barreiras sanitárias e fitossanitárias implementadas por diferentes países. Por fim, analisa as declarações a que o Brasil subscreveu em fóruns regionais e multilaterais e o impacto da pandemia sobre o tratamento da agricultura na Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). Palavras-chave: Agricultura, comércio internacional, OMC, FAO, COVID-19.