bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on the Evaluation of Stress in Patients with Lichen Planus and Normal Healthy Individuals using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Authors: Sikdar Abhik , Bhuvaneshwari S. , Sangamesh N.C. , Mishra Silpiranjan , Bajoria Atul Anand , Jha Snehjyoti
Published: June 2022

Context:

Lichen planus is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that frequently involves the oral mucosa and skin. It has been proposed that psychological factors like high stress and anxiety levels have a strong association with lichen planus. Estimation of the stress level in patients with oral lichen planus.

Aims:

To estimate the stress in patients with Oral Lichen Planus by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory and compare these with normal healthy individuals.

Methods and Material:

Twenty oral lichen planus patients and twenty normal subjects were included in the study. Every individual gave the hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software 26. The findings of various parameters were evaluated and analyzed statistically using Mann Whitney U test.

Results:

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, State-trait anxiety inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 scores were significantly higher in the oral lichen planus group than in normal individuals.

Conclusions:

Psychological factors like anxiety and depression play a major role in the pathogenesis of OLP, and non-invasive procedures like the Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory scores can be used as a useful indicator to estimate stress levels in OLP patients.
Vitamin D Deficiency and its Correlation with Coronal Pulp Morphology Changes – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Karemore Tapasya V. , Motwani Mukta B. , Gupta Madhur , Karemore Vaibhav , Banubakode Trushita , Ashtankar Kanchan A.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a pandemic and usually under-diagnosed, under-treated nutritional deficiency globally. Among the Indian population, VDD may be due to lower dietary vit D and calcium intake, low socioeconomic status, etc. VDD can manifest as delayed tooth eruption, absence of secondary dentin formation, altered coronal pulp morphology, enlarged pulp space, and high pulp horns. Radiographic changes can be detected by various advanced imaging techniques but with multiple drawbacks. Intraoral radiographs (IOPA) can be an easy, chair-side and routine method of detecting coronal pulp morphology (CPM) changes due to VDD.

Aims and Objectives:

To assess correlation of vit D deficiency (VDD) and changes in coronal pulp morphology (CPM) using dental radiographs among young adults.

Material and Methods:

60 subjects were included in the study and divided into two groups: one with CPM changes and the second group without CPM changes. All the subjects underwent digital intraoral imaging and serum evaluation for vit D. The subjects were classified into deficient, optimal, and overdose categories. At the same time, the tooth morphology was divided into normal and chair/constricted types.

Results:

The correlation of vitamin D levels with the pulp horn heightof all three molars were negative and statistically insignificant. Pulp chamber height and width showed negligible and insignificant relationships with vitamin D levels.

Conclusion:

This study could not prove a significant correlation, but the data generated might help carry out advanced research in a related context. Using an Intraoral Periapical radiograph for evaluating VDD can also be a baseline screening in largepopulations in the future.
Evaluation of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Rohan Kamat , Ramesh Ananthakrishnan , Nagarajan K. , Abdulbasith K. M. , Sureshkumar Sathasivam , Vijayakumar Chellappa , Balamourougan K. , Srinivas B. H.
Published: June 2022

Background:

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic role of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in differentiating benign and malignant cervical nodes.

Methods:

This was a diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study. All patients who underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of cervical nodes were included. Patients without FNAC/biopsy and patients in whom cervical nodes were cystic or completely necrotic were excluded. FNAC was used as reference investigation to predict the diagnostic accuracy. In all cases, FNAC was carried out after the B-mode, color Doppler and the ARFI imaging. In patients with multiple cervical lymph nodes, the most suspicious node based on grayscale findings was chosen for ARFI. ARFI included Virtual Touch imaging (VTI), area ratio (AR), and shear wave velocity (SWV) for each node, and the results were compared with FNAC/biopsy.

Results:

The final analysis included 166 patients. Dark VTI elastograms had sensitivity and specificity of 86.2% and 72.1%, respectively, in identifying malignant nodes. Sensitivity and specificity of AR were 71.3% and 82.3%, respectively, for a cutoff of 1.155. Median SWV of benign and malignant nodes was 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56–2.55] m/s and 6.7 (95% CI, 2.87–9.10) m/s, respectively. SWV >2.68 m/s helped in identifying malignant nodes with 81% specificity, 81.6% sensitivity, and 81.3% accuracy. ARFI was found to be inaccurate in tuberculous and lymphomatous nodes.

Conclusion:

Malignant nodes had significantly darker elastograms, higher AR and SWV compared to benign nodes, and SWV was the most accurate parameter. ARFI accurately identifies malignant nodes, hence could potentially avoid unwarranted biopsy.
Effect of Alvarado Score on the Negative Predictive Value of Nondiagnostic Ultrasound for Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Prapruttam Duangkamon , Klawandee Sopon , Tangkittithaworn Phatthawit , Wongwaisayawan Sirote
Published: June 2022

Background:

The purposes of this study were to calculate the negative predictive value (NPV) of nondiagnostic ultrasound (US) in patients with suspected appendicitis and to identify the clinical factors that were associated with the nondiagnostic US.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of 412 patients who had graded-compression appendiceal US performed during January 2017 and December 2017. The NPV of the nondiagnostic US in combination with clinical parameters was calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors for the nondiagnostic US.

Results:

The US exam was nondiagnostic in 64.8% of the patients, giving an NPV of 70.8%. The NPV of nondiagnostic US increased to 96.2% in patients who had an Alvarado score of <5. The patients who did not have migratory pain, did not have leukocytosis, and had a pain score of <7 were more likely to have a nondiagnostic US study (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Alvarado score had an inverse effect on the NPV of nondiagnostic appendiceal US. Patients who had nondiagnostic US and Alvarado score of <5 were very unlikely to have appendicitis. Active clinical observation or re-evaluation rather than immediate computed tomography may be a safe alternative approach in these low-risk patients. However, the Alvarado score itself was not a predictive factor of nondiagnostic US. The absence of migratory pain, absence of leukocytosis, and low pain score were the independent predictors of nondiagnostic appendiceal US.
Sonological Appearance of Epidermoid Cyst of the Spleen
Authors: Ravikanth Reddy
Published: June 2022

Epidermoid cyst of the spleen is a rare, benign cystic lesion of congenital origin. Although most epidermoid cysts of the spleen are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on ultrasonography, the entity needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesion mimics of the spleen, especially in patients with left hypochondriac pain. This case report describes the typical sonological appearance of epidermoid cyst of the spleen in a 31-year-old male.
Acute Appendicitis with the Presence of Peristalsis Seen in Ultrasound
Authors: Mohan Vignes , Laska Pjeter , Meier Angelina , Minotti Bruno
Published: June 2022

A 27-year-old male patient presented in the emergency department (ED) with right acute abdominal pain, tenderness of the abdominal wall, and abdominal guarding. With suspicion of acute appendicitis, we performed bedside sonography. A blind-ending tubular structure, originating from the base of cecum with the presence of an intraluminal calcified “stone,” with the presence of clear peristalsis was seen. Whether this structure represented the appendix or the small bowel, it was not distinguishable sonographically. A consequent surgical consultation indicated a computer tomography scan, and the finding showed acute appendicitis with appendicolith. An inflamed appendix of 15 cm in length was seen laparoscopically and consequently an appendectomy was performed. The histology confirmed a putrid, ulcero-phlegmonous, and hemorrhagic appendicitis with appendicolith. Postoperatively, the patient made a good recovery without complications. The absence of peristalsis is a well-known criterion for diagnosing acute appendicitis. However, we have shown here, that this should be taken into account with caution, as in rare cases such as this appendicitis can be present with peristalsis.
Prolonging the Shelf Life of Homemade Gelatin Ultrasound Phantoms
Authors: Rathbun Kimberly M. , Harryman Claire F. , Re Anthony T.
Published: June 2022

A significant limitation of homemade phantoms is shelf life. Our goal was to compare the impact on shelf life of easily obtained additives. Fifteen additives were mixed into a gelatin-psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid fiber phantom; three of these additives were used as a layer on top of the phantom. The mixtures were stored in the refrigerator and at room temperature. The samples were evaluated daily for microbial growth and phantom degradation. A 4% of chlorhexidine gluconate layer on top of the phantom quickly made the phantom unusable. The addition of benzoic acid and bleach to the mixture negatively affected phantom appearance with ultrasound imaging. The addition of household bleach or 4% chlorhexidine gluconate to the mixture or a 10% povidone-iodine layer on top of the phantom was the best way to preserve samples stored at room temperature. The refrigerated sample outlasted the paired room temperature sample in every case, with most room temperature samples becoming unusable by day 10 and most refrigerated samples lasting past 50 days.
A Rare Case of Fetal Cardiac Hypertrophy Developing into Acute Circulatory Insufficiency and Fetal Compromise in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancy
Authors: Toya Masato , Sakai Atsuhiko , Hidaka Nobuhiro , Kiyoko Kato
Published: June 2022

Fetal cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in pregnant women with diabetes is believed to be a benign condition. We encountered a rare case of fetal CH in a pregnant woman with type 1 diabetes, which developed into severe fetal circulatory insufficiency and acidemia. Fetal echocardiography at 37-week gestation showed cardiomegaly with a ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac function was impaired, and pulsed Doppler findings indicated circulatory failure. The patient was diagnosed with fetal compromise due to fetal CH, and a large for gestational age boy was delivered by an urgent cesarean section. Despite myocardial hyperplasia and left ventricular outflow tract stenosis, the neonate was hemodynamically stabilized by fluid resuscitation alone. Although the neonatal course was favorable, we speculated that the neonate was on the verge of death because he was already acidemic at birth. Therefore, comprehensive fetal echocardiography should be performed in pregnant women with diabetes, and clinicians should not miss the optimal timing of delivery.
Giant Esophageal Liposarcoma Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound
Authors: Huang Kaifeng , Zheng You , Ma Sumei
Published: June 2022

We report a case of giant well-differentiated esophageal liposarcoma in a Chinese patient. Liposarcoma is a common soft tissue malignant tumor that usually arises in the lower extremities, trunk, and the retroperitoneum, but it is very rare that liposarcoma locates in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the esophagus. Endoscopic ultrasound could be an efficient tool for preliminary examination. Moreover, the patient underwent combined thoraco-laparoscopic surgery, after reviewing the published articles, this surgery was first applied in the excision of esophageal liposarcoma due to the detailed preoperative information from the ultrasound technique.
Comparison of Diagnostic Performance and Confidence between Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Scan and Non-Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Plus Abdomen Ultrasound for Hepatic Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Noh Hee Yeon , Ahn Su Joa , Nam Sang Yu , Jang Young Rock , Chun Yong Soon , Park Heung Kyu , Choi Seung Joon , Choi Hye Young , Kim Jeong Ho
Published: June 2022

Background:

The purpose of this study was to compare the performance between noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) plus abdominal ultrasound (US) (NECT + US) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) for the detection of hepatic metastasis in breast cancer patient with postsurgical follow-up.

Methods:

A total of 1470 patients without already diagnosed hepatic metastasis were included. All patients underwent US and multiphase CECT including the NECT. Independent reviewers analyzed images obtained in four settings, namely, abdominal US, NECT, NECT + US, and CECT and recorded liver metastases using a 5-grade scale of diagnostic confidence. Sensitivity, specificity (diagnostic performance), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC, diagnostic confidence) were calculated. Interoperator agreement was calculated using the kappa test.

Results:

Reference standards revealed no metastases in 1108/1470 patients, and metastasis was detected in 362/1470 patients. Abdominal US (P < 0.01) and NECT (P = 0.01) significantly differed from CECT, but NECT + US did not significantly differ from CECT in terms of sensitivity (P = 0.09), specificity (P = 0.5), and AUC (P = 0.43). After an additional review of abdominal US, readers changed the diagnostic confidence scores of 106 metastatic lesions diagnosed using NECT. Interobserver agreements were good or very good in all four settings. Additional review of abdominal US with NECT allowed a change in the therapeutic plan of 108 patients.

Conclusion:

Abdominal US + NECT showed better diagnostic performance for the detection of hepatic metastases than did NECT alone; its diagnostic performance and confidence were similar to those of CECT.
Hepatic Function Predictive Value of Hepatic Venous Waveform versus Portal Vein Velocity in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Onwuka Chidiogo Chukwunweike , Famurewa Olusola Comfort , Adekanle Olusegun , Ayoola Oluwagbemiga Oluwole , Adegbehingbe Olugbenga Olumide
Published: June 2022

Background:

This study assessed the hepatic vein waveform (HVW) and mean maximum portal vein velocity (MM-PVV) on Doppler ultrasound in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and compared it with that of age and sex-matched controls. It correlated the degree of HVW abnormality and MM-PVV changes with liver function based on Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) to determine which was more predictive of CTP.

Methods:

Sixty patients with LC and 60 healthy controls were consecutively recruited into this study. Each patient was classed based on the CTP system after relevant tests. Doppler evaluation of the hepatic vein (HV) and MM-PVV were performed. HVW obtained was classified either into triphasic, biphasic, or monophasic.

Results:

Sixty cirrhotic and 60 age-matched control subjects aged 19–69 and 18–69 years, respectively, completed this study. All control subjects had a normal HVW pattern while 46 (76.7%) cirrhotic subjects had abnormal HVW (P < 0.001). The MM-PVV was significantly lower in cirrhotic subjects than in controls; 22.8 cm/s versus 33.6 cm/s (P < 0.001). The degree of HVW abnormality among cirrhotics showed a significant positive correlation with CTP (r = 0.283, P = 0.029). MM-PVV on the other hand showed no correlation with CTP class (r = −0.124; P = 0.346). Linear regression showed that HVW was a significant predictor of hepatic dysfunction based on CTP.

Conclusion:

Changes in the waveform pattern of the HVs are a good predictor of the derangement of hepatic function in patients with LC than changes in PVV. HVW pattern could therefore serve as an adjunct to CTP class in hepatic function assessment.
Chemical Compositions of Leaf Protein Concentrate and Bagasse of Pride of Barbados (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) Leaves obtained from three Different Locations in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Nwokoro S. O. , Agbonghae O. W. , Akaeze N. C. , Onojeta E. E.
Published: June 2022

To optimize food and feed production in Nigeria and meet protein demands, viable options need to be explored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the chemical composition of Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrate and bagasse. Freshly harvested Pride of Barbados leaves were obtained from three different locations in Benin City and processed for its leaf protein concentrate and bagasse using heat coagulated method. Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrate and bagasse were analysed for proximate and mineral compositions using standard analytical procedures. Proximate analysis revealed that the dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, ash, and nitrogen free extract contents of Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrates were 91.17%, 31.12%, 8.33%, 7.92%, 8.2%, and 35.3%, respectively. Pride of Barbados bagasse had a lower crude protein (9.22%) but higher fibre content (10.72%) compared to those of Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrate. Na, K, Ca, and Mg were the most abundant minerals in Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrate and bagasse. Chromium was very low in the leaf protein concentrate and bagasse. Proximate compositions were significantly (p<0.05) affected by location. Pride of Barbados leaf protein concentrate and bagasse can be used as livestock feed ingredient.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Sumbangan Wajib Dana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Jalan Dan Kebijakan Perlindungan Kecelakaan Jalan
Authors: Sitorus Budi , S. Sitorus Antoni , Irpan Harsono Tulus , Natalia Sitorus Christina
Published: June 2022

Safety is an important part in using motor vehicles and public transportation, where in 2019 the road transport mode ranks third after the flight mode and cruise mode with a contribution of 24.9%, for that safety can be a safe culture in travel. The purpose of the study was to determine the perception of society related to SWDKLLJ and the level of community satisfaction. The research method is using qualitative descriptive approach with data collection using Gay and Diehl data collection techniques with a sample of 28 respondents, using google form. This data collection was given randomly to respondents and secondary data was obtained from literature and research results to support this study. The results showed that (1) knowledge about iruan SWDKLLJ majority of respondents do not know as much as 51.9%, (2) utilizing the mandatory donation of road traffic accident funds (SWDKLLJ) the majority of respondents are not as much as 88.9%, (3) other insurance funding as a replacement, the majority of respondents answered No 44%, (4) Officer services in making claims using SWDKLLJ, the majority of respondents answered quite satisfied 44%. Further studies are needed to reveal the public satisfaction of swdkllj contribution services and highway safety protection policies.
Perancangan Alat Uji Speedometer Portable Berbasis Arduino Guna Menunjang Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor Keliling
Authors: Budi Sulistyo Aris , Widiangga Gautama Nengah , Dwifa M. Beny , Dewa Punia Asa I Putu
Published: June 2022

The death rate on the highway is increasing every year. One of the factors that adds to the death toll on the highway is the driver of a motorized vehicle driving more than the permitted speed. Speedometer is an important device in vehicles related to safety factors, because a good driver always pays attention to the speed of the vehicle he is driving with the condition of the road or terrain traversed. Therefore, in the kir test according to article 53 paragraph (1) of the LLAJ Law, there is a speedometer testing section. However, the implementation of portable vehicle speed measurement has not yet been implemented. The purpose of this study was to produce a prototype of a portable motorized vehicle speed measuring instrument based on Arduino. The output of this prototype design was the result of the vehicle speed reading that was carried out during the roving test. The main components of the prototype consisted of the Arduino Uno Microcontroller as the main control system, proximity sensor as a reader, bluetooth HC-05 as a data sender to Android, an AMOLED LCD display and an Android application via a smartphone to display the speed reading results. The prototype test gives a slight difference in the results with the speedometer in the vehicle and the speed on the Muller Bem. In this case, the speed shown by the prototype is still within the permissible limits, namely -10% to +15% of the Muller Bem tool.
Pedestrian User-Friendly Intelligent Crossing Advance For Improved Safety
Authors: Ahmad Rahmat , Wahyu Hidayat Dwi , Oktavianus Sasue Riz Rifai , Soimun Ahmad , Prima Gilang Rupaka Anggun , Oktopianto Yogi , Budi Sulistyo Aris
Published: June 2022

The habit of pedestrians in using the road when crossing the road is in the spotlight because it will cause traffic jams so that they are prone to accidents. No road user wants to experience such an accident, whether it is a minor accident or an accident that is fatal and leads to death. Pelican crossings are made to minimize pedestrian accidents, but this facility does not guarantee that accidents will not occur. Problems arise when pressing the crossing button will create congestion and noise due to the notification sound of the crossing. When someone wants to cross it will result in the accumulation of vehicles around because they are waiting for irregular pedestrians to cross. The purpose of this research is to design a pedestrian Puffin Crossing advance simulation that is more adaptive and safe. The research was conducted by making a prototype using a microcontroller and several sensors which will later be used as a medium for interaction between drivers and pedestrians. The results of the prototype research can work well and in accordance with the function of each component. The recommended minimum number of pedestrians is 4 waders, the minimum required waiting time is 5 seconds, while the crossing time is conditioned based on pedestrian sensor readings at the zebra cross.
Radar Based Object Detection using Ultrasonic Sensor
Authors: Rakesh L , Priyanka V , Kumar K Pavan , Mahesh N , Kiran K Sai
Published: June 2022

Aurdino-controlled radar is the subject of this project. A servo motor and an ultrasonic sensor are the essential components of this RADAR system. Components of the system primary role of the system is to detect something. Objects that fall within the specified parameters Ultrasonic sensors are built inside the servo motor. It rotates 180 degrees and uses software to show a visual representation. It's referred to as Processing IDE. A graphical representation of the data is provided by the Processing IDE. The angle or location of the object is also indicated, as well as its distance. This system has already been implemented. It is controlled via Aurdino. An Aurdino UNO board is all that is required to control the system. The sensor's interface with the display device, as well as the ultrasonic sensor during our study of we used current navigation and obstacle detection. Ultrasonic sensors are successfully used in a wide range of inventions and systems. This RADAR system's major applicability is in a range of fields. Navigating, putting, detecting items, mapping, spying, or tracking, as well as a variety of other uses these low-cost systems are also suited for use indoors.
Color Recovery from Intelligent Color Sensor Using Artificial Intelligent Approach (CRICSIA)
Authors: Sanjay Mane Ganesh , Gonsalves Flavia
Published: June 2022

Inexpensive -priced the display is based on a visual sensor that detects color. To speed up the color recovery from detector signals, artificial neural organizing models are used. The sensor's parallel potential is efficiently converted to RGB colors. The manufactured brilliantly models displayed in this work empower color changes beginning at equivalent relent the detector for color. Other than, converse modeling bolstered by a cleverly approach empowers the detector test for used of a photometric detector this associate color exchange into match energy
Online Credit Card Fraud Detection and Anomaly User Blocking
Authors: R.V. Sudha , G Pradeepa , K Abinaya , V Sudarvizhi , V Tharani
Published: June 2022

The use of credit cards has expanded considerably as a result of rapid advancements in electronic commerce technologies. As credit cards become the most popular method of payment for both online and offline purchases, incidences of credit card fraud are on the rise. Transactions with Credit Cards continue to expand in number, capturing a larger share of the US payment system and resulting in a higher rate of stolen account numbers and bank losses. Improved fraud detection has thus become critical to the payment system's long-term stability in the United States. For several years, banks have deployed early fraud warning systems. Large-scale data mining tools have the potential to improve commercial practice. Scalable strategies for analysing enormous volumes of transaction data and efficiently computing fraud detectors in a timely way, especially for e-commerce, is a critical issue. Aside from scalability and efficiency, the fraud-detection task has technical issues such as skewed training data distributions and non-uniform cost per error, both of which have received little attention in the now-established ledge-discovery and data mining communities.
Interpretation of Road Network using QGIS
Authors: S Satheeshkumar , A Birundha , T Sivabharathi , R Subha , J Swetha
Published: June 2022

Road networks are the key element for economic growth in every country. It is essential for project a strategic and sustained expansion and an adequate maintenance of these networks to guarantee quality connections between the different parts of a geographical territory. Road enables the supply of goods and services around the world and it connect the people to workplaces, schools, hospitals and some other places in the geographical area. Road infrastructure improves the effectiveness and efficiency of all the countries and increases the standard living of people, making their lives easier. In this paper we proposed to design the road network map for Erode district using QGIS (Quantum Geographic Information System). We identified and classified various type of road network for that particular area. In this map we include what kind of road network is available and also explained the purpose of the each type of road network.
Network Coverage Mapping
Authors: G Pradeepa , R.V. Sudha , Dharshini N Dhivya , K Niroja , S Sri Praba
Published: June 2022

Mobile signal strength (coverage) maps are of great importance to cellular operators for network planning and operation are expensive to obtain, imperfectly reflective of call quality outcomes, and potentially constructed from biased samples. Users of smartphones utilize high-speed network services while commuting on public transit and hope to have a consistent, high-quality connection. Measuring and monitoring coverage and quality of service mean being able to assess reality and its representation. Data collection is a vital ingredient in this process. Finding Mobile signal strength and Mapping the Coverage areas using GIS through differentiating the Network. Due to the massive load demand on cellular networks and frequent changes in the underlying radio channel, users often experience sudden unexpected variations in the connection quality. To overcome variations, we create a Map to differentiate the signal strength with a regular update through the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in QGIS Software using Python and XML plugins.
Network Intrusion Detection using MRF Technique
Authors: R.V. Sudha , G Pradeepa , P Gayathri , V Kaviyashree , S Monisha
Published: June 2022

With the advent of the internet, cyber-attacks are changing rapidly and the security situation on the internet is not always optimistic. Machine Learning (ML) and In-depth Learning (DL) methods for community-based access to entry and present a quick teaching definition of the entire ML/DL method. Representative papers all the way have been listed, read, and summarized primarily based on their temporary or thermal interactions. Because information is critical to ML/DL strategies, it describes the amount of commonly used public databases used in ML/DL, discusses the complexities of using ML/DL for Internet protection and provides guidelines for course guides. KDD a set of information is a symbol of standing that is widely recognized within the study of the Acquisition strategies. A lot of work is underway to develop innocent identification strategies as information courses used to read and test the diagnostic version are equally problematic because high-quality information can improve offline access. This paper provides a KDD knowledge test set by recognizing the 4 Basic Courses, Content, Traffic and Handling in which all information attributes can be categorized using the Modified Random Forest (MRF). The test was completed by identifying the remaining 2 metric metrics, Visual Rate (DR) and False Noise Scale (FAR) of the Intervention Detection System (IDS). As a result of this evidence-based evaluation of the data set, the contribution of all 4 character studies in DR and FAR has been proven to help determine the validity of the information set.
NITROGEN FERTILIZATION FOR MAIZE BASED ON ATTAINABLE YIELD AND SOIL ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT
Authors: Sánchez-Roldán Mariana Margarita , Ortiz-Monasterio Iván , Volke-Haller Víctor Hugo , Guerra-Zitlalapa Luis , Etchevers-Barra Jorge Dionisio
Published: June 2022

Agricultural soils generally do not provide enough N to satisfy crop needs, so it is necessary to apply it as fertilizer. This supply can be estimated by chemical analysis of the soil and, based on this and the needs of the plant, nitrogen fertilization recommendations are made for the crops. The objective of this study was to determine economic optimum N rates for maize (Zea mays L.), based on attainable yield and soil organic matter content as an estimator of soil N supply, with the current and increased N/maize price ratio, to reduce economic optimum N rates and fertilization costs, as well as N losses and environmental pollution. In 2011, 2012, and 2013, 67 experiments on maize response to N were distributed and conducted in five edaphoclimatic regions of Mexico, with native and improved maize in rainfed and irrigation conditions. The treatments were: (1) fertilization with N, P, and K; (2) omission of each nutrient; and (3) no fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, without replications. Production functions were estimated for rainfed and irrigation conditions in edaphoclimatic regions, for yield as a function of attainable yield classes, amount of N applied, and soil organic matter content. The production functions were used to estimate economic optimum N rates, with: (1) the current N/maize price ratio for the attainable yield classes and soil organic matter contents, as well as optimum economic yields and net income; and (2) the increased N/maize price ratio, that reduced the economic optimum N rates and fertilization costs, without significantly decrease of the economic optimum yields and the net income; this also  reduces  N losses and environmental pollution.
Association between Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APLA) and Preeclampsia (PE) in Females Presenting for Antenatal Check-Up
Authors:   WMO at BHU 34-3R, Haroonabad, District Bahawalnagar, Ayub Farsom
Published: June 2022

Introduction: APLA have been associated with a number of obstetric complications however their role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has remained an issue of controversy. There is a lack of information on APLA in pre-eclamptic women. Objective: To assess the association between antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) and preeclampsia (PE) in females presenting for antenatal check-up. Materials and Methods: This Case Control study was conducted in Services Institute of Lahore. After approval from hospital ethical committee, 200 females, fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study from OPD of Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Informed consent was obtained. Demographic information was also recorded. The females were divided in two groups on the basis of presence or absence of PE i.e. cases and controls. Results: The mean age of the patients among cases was 27.60±4.96 years the minimum age was 20 years and maximum was 35 years whereas among controls the mean age of the patients was 27.94±4.13 years the minimum age was 20 years and maximum was 35 years .The mean gestational age among cases was 27.46± 4.72 weeks the minimum gestational age was 20 weeks and maximum was 35 weeks on the other side the mean gestational age among controls was 27.25± 4.74 weeks the minimum gestational age was 20 weeks the maximum was 35 weeks. There was significant association between preeclampsia and APLA as the p-value was significant (p-value=0.007). Conclusion: Results of this study showed a significant association and significant risk between APLA and preeclampsia. Therefore a routine assay of APLA in women at risk of preeclampsia should be done. However APLA testing should be considered in women with early onset severe preeclampsia, especially when additional clinical features of APS are present.
Hydrochemical and Bacteriological Studies of Streams in Calabar South Local Government Area, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the results of hydro-chemical and bacteriological analysis of water obtained from streams in Calabar South Local Government Area in Nigeria. Water samples were collected from five different streams in the local government area. The water samples were analysed for physic-chemical and bacteriological parameters. From the analytical results obtained, the different parameters tested were as follows: pH (3.81 – 5.35), TDS ( 2.28mg/l – 152.75mg/l), turbidity (0.12NTU – 44.07 NTU), DO ( 7.10mg/l – 10.40mg/l), BOD ( 0.35mg/l – 0.56mg/l), Fe (0.14mg/l – 0.91mg/l), Pb (0.03mg/l – 0.59mg/l), Zn (0.02mg/l – 0.87mg/l), Mn (0.76mg/l – 1.82mg/l), Cu (0.02mg/l – 0.18mg/l), THC (28 per 0.1 ml – 96 per 0.1ml), and total coliform count (23mg/l – 88 mg/l). Most of these parameters were highly objectionable for portable water sources. The bacteriological analysis showed isolation of specified bacterium from all the samples. It was observed that the water sources were quite unreliable for drinking when compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) Standards.
Whatsapp Digital Language among Undergraduate Students in Mount Kenya University
Authors:   School of Social Sciences, Department of Languages and Humanities, Mount Kenya University, Kenya
Published: June 2022

The rapid spread of mobile messaging applications like WhatsApp has its impact on generating special linguistic features archetypal for this type of Computer Mediated Discourse. This study investigates Whatsapp digital language from a discourse analysis approach. The study aims at analyzing the linguistic features and the functions of WhatsApp language among undergraduate students in Mount Kenya University. The study employed a descriptive research design that utilized qualitative research methods. The study employed Computer Mediated Discourse analysis framework. The findings of the study revealed that The findings of the study revealed that linguistic features of WhatsApp digital language are characterized by the use of casual speech and a netlingo among undergraduate students. Linguistic features were reflected in terms of contractions, phonetic spellings, abbreviations, regiolectal contractions, emoticons/Emojis and Punctuation Marks. The data examined revealed that language plays a key role in social media as it is the form of communication. The data revealed the following functions of language: phatic function of language for social connection, Interactional function of language for friendship maintenance, Informational function of language, directive function of language and multlingual function of language. The study recommends that that educators should reconsider how they respond to this new form of writing since the study shows how students are using WhatsApp digital language for academic purposes. The study adds knowledge to linguistics, Computer Mediated Discourse and language and communication.
Authority and Servant Leadership: Effective Tool for Service in the Church & Society in Africa
Authors:   Veritas University, Bwari Area, Council, G.P.P Wuse, P.M.B 5171, Fct, Abuja, Pin/Zip: 900001
Published: June 2022

Authority is likening to a driving agent, which is divine or human. By experimental and analytical method, we explore the magisterial interpretation by evaluating modern trends on the application of authority. Research examines the Christian teachings from the Bible and Sacred Tradition. Jesus Christ had taught the principle of pragmatic authority based on Servant Leadership at the washing of His Disciples’ feet. The quest for a Servant Leader: to feed the poor, to protect orphans, to fight for justice in Africa; is value-style of leadership in the 21st century world.
The Dynamic of Changes in the Algae Flora of the Northern Fergana Canal Under the Influence of Various Environmental Factor
Authors:   Doctoral Student, Namangan State University, Ikramov Nuriddin Bokhodirovich
Published: June 2022

Factors influencing the development of algae in the ecological environment are studied in close connection with abiotic and biotic factors that do not participate in the activity of living organisms. Abiotic factors are limiting, which is determined by the resistance of algae to the effects of these factors. Algae are photautotrophs. Their development and distribution are influenced by lighting, temperature, carbon source, types of mineral and organic compounds, concentration, pH, transparency and flow, which are limiting factors in the aquatic environment.
Kondisi Tenaga Kerja pada Sektor Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan Tahun 2020 di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Faiz Ahmad Zaenun
Published: June 2022

Pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan merupakan sektor lapangan usaha dengan jumlah tenaga kerja terbesar di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan 4.608.261 jiwa penduduk menggantungkan hidupnya di sektor ini. Meski menyandang predikat sebagai sektor dengan PDRB Jawa Tengah terbesar ketiga di tahun 2020, sektor ini menempati posisi 6 terbawah sebagai sektor lapangan usaha yang rendah produktivitas per kapitanya. Permasalahan ini dapat dilihat dari beberapa aspek ketenagakerjaan seperti usia, tenaga kerja, tingkat pendidikan, dan jenis dan status pekerjaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dalam menjabarkan mengenai kondisi tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dilakukan dengan menganalisis hasil Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) periode Agustus tahun 2016-2020. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa beberapa kondisi seperti okupasi demografis yang didominasi oleh penduduk usia tua, tingkat pendidikan yang relatif rendah dan struktur sistem pertanian yang masih bersifat subsisten mengakibatkan produktivitas perkapita di sektor ini tergolong rendah.
Evaluasi Dampak Program Pelatihan Desain Grafis BLK Komunitas As Syifa Syech Yusuf di Kota Depok Terhadap Alumni Peserta 2019-2020
Authors: Primadita  , Rahayu Ety
Published: June 2022

Dalam rangka menyiapkan ketersediaan sumberdaya manusia yang berdaya saing dan siap kerja dari kalangan pesantren untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tenaga kerja, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan memberikan ruang kepada komunitas di Lembaga Pendidikan Keagamaan dan/atau Lembaga Keagamaan Non Pemerintah untuk bersinergi dalam program-program yang terkait dengan pelatihan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur indikator impact (dampak) dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pencapaian impact Program Pelatihan Desain Grafis di BLK Komunitas As Syifa Kota Depok berdasarkan aspek input, activities dan outcome. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan stratified random sampling sebanyak 84 sampel terhadap populasi 112 orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi sumatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif univariat dan bivariat, dengan keseluruhan pengolahan data menggunakan alat bantu SPSS. Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan cross tabulation dengan uji Chi-square (?2) dan Kendall’s Tau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan capaian indikator dampak yakni: 1) alumni yang bekerja sebanyak 25 orang (49%); dan 2) alumni yang berwirausaha sebanyak 5 orang (9.8%). Sisanya merupakan responden dengan status belum bekerja oleh karena meneruskan pendidikan sebanyak 10 orang (19.6%) dan atau sedang mencari pekerjaan sebanyak 11 orang (21.6%). Indikator pada variabel outcome yang mempengaruhi dampak program pelatihan desain grafis di BLKK As Syifa adalah indikator Soft skill serta indikator Pengetahuan peluang usaha/kerja bidang desain grafis.
Analisis Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Pada Layanan Sistem Informasi Ketenagakerjaan
Authors: Setiawan Arif Budi , Santosa Paulus Insap
Published: June 2022

Sistem Informasi Ketenagakerjaan (Sisnaker) merupakan penerapan e-government di Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan yang ditujukan agar masyarakat dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi dan layanan ketenagakerjaan.  Untuk mencari informasi biasanya masyarakat menggunakan mesin pencari. Sisnaker harus berada dihalaman depan halaman mesin pencari agar mudah ditemukan masyarakat. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis penerapan search engine optimization (SEO) pada sisnaker dengan alat otomatis seperti Google Analytics, Moz Pro dan Ubersuggest. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan mendeskripsikan hasil yang didapat dari alat analisis otomatis SEO. Hasilnya didapatkan penerapan SEO sisnaker sudah baik namun terdapat beberapa hal yang harus diperbaiki.
Tinjauan Konstitusi Terhadap Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional dan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial
Authors: Hennigusnia  , Kurniawati Ardhian
Published: June 2022

Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 sebagai konstitusi negara Indonesia secara tegas mewajibkan negara untuk mengembangkan sistem jaminan sosial tetapi tidak secara tegas menyebutkan sistem jaminan sosial tertentu yang harus dipilih oleh negara. Saat ini sistem jaminan sosial yang dipilih oleh pemerintah adalah Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN). Untuk menyelenggarakan Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional pemerintah telah membentuk Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) untuk menyelenggarakan program-program jaminan sosial yang dahulu diselenggarakan oleh Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) dan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) dengan amanat Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 di bidang Jaminan Sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Metode penelitian hukum normatif adalah metode penelitian yang menggunakan bahan-bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) sudah mencakup seluruh rakyat dan dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan keberdayaan masyarakat yang lemah dan tidak mampu sesuai dengan martabat kemanusiaan. Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) bersifat nirlaba dan badan hukum publik khusus yang dibentuk dengan undang-undang. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) dan Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) sudah sesuai dengan amanat Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 di bidang Jaminan Sosial.
USUL-İ TEDRİS BAĞLAMINDA OSMANLI’DA ÖĞRETMEN YETIŞTIRME VE FORMASYON TARTIŞMALARI
Authors: TANGÜLÜ Zafer
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada günümüzde de yer yer gündeme gelen öğretmen eğitimi üzerine yapılan tartışmaların tarihsel bir arka planı olarak Osmanlı’da ne şekilde cereyan ettiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Osmanlı öğretmen okulları, usul-i tedris dersi, öğretmenlik liyakati, öğretmen atamaları ve öğretmenlik formasyonu üzerine yapılan tartışmalar ele alınmıştır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak tarihsel araştırma tekniği kullanılmış, araştırma dönemine ait arşiv belgeleri, yıllıklar ve ayrıca telif eserlerden yararlanılmış, bunlardan elde edilen veriler betimsel yaklaşımla ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak günümüzde de hala üzerine düşünülen ve farklı alternatifler üzerine tartışılan öğretmen yetiştirme problematiğinin Osmanlı da üzerine düşünülen, kamuoyunu meşgul eden konulardan biri olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Mevcut araştırma ile okuyucuya konu ve dönem hakkında tarihsel bir arka plan oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır.
PERCEPTIONS OF COVID 19 AND ONGOING PANDEMICS BY CHILDREN IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: GÜRSES Hatice , SAVAS Behsat , ARSLAN Özgür
Published: June 2022

The present study is aimed to define how the COVID-19 pandemic was perceived amongst the primary school children by the pictures they did. The study group, in which the qualitative research method was used, included 241 first grade students in a primary school in the Antalya Kepez region, which was selected by the convenient sampling method. While collecting data in the research, students were asked "what do you understand when the COVID-19 is mentioned?" and to draw a picture of their feelings. The data were evaluated as a percentage (%) and frequency with the SPSS program. In the conclusion of the study, it was observed that most of the students in the study group perceived the COVID-19 as "an insect", and less of the students perceived it as "a disease". COVID-19 pandemic is drawn by the children generally as a free time activity at home.
Populist conceptions of the “people” and multi-party democracy
Authors: Pretorius JL
Published: June 2022

Although conceptual approaches to populism differ, there is a high degree of consensus that the ideological distinctiveness of populism lies in the unique way it constructs its core concept, the “people”. This article assesses the implications of populist understandings of the people for the constitutional endorsement of multi-party representative democracy. Regardless of its many manifestations, populism structures peoplehood around a distinct brand of ideologised popular sovereignty, in combination with another dominant host ideology, which, depending on the context, can be drawn from any of the main ideologies on the left‒right spectrum. This combination invariably produces an opposite “other”, an “anti-people”, as a necessary co-constituent of the populist people’s cohesion and identity. The homogenising and exclusionary construct of peoplehood associated with populism holds profound implications for multi-party representative government. It challenges the pluralist notion of multi-party representation by advocating for representation as the embodiment of a homogenous popular will instead. Representation as embodiment fosters extreme majoritarian attitudes and, as histories of populists-in-government have shown, tendencies towards authoritarianism. Populist conceptions of the people ultimately dispute core features of multi-party representative democracy, such as inclusive democratic citizenship, pluralist representation, oppositional political rights, the recognition of opposition parties as standing alternatives to incumbent governments, and accommodation and compromise as inclusionary democratic practice.