bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convolutedν-Signals on114Cd Isotope from Astrophysical and Laboratory Neutrino Sources
Authors: Tsakstara Vaitsa
Published: May 2015

At first, we evaluate scattering cross sections of low, and intermediate-energy neutrinos scattered off the114Cd isotope, the most abundant Cd isotope present also in the COBRA detector (CdTe and CdZnTe materials) which aims to search for double beta decay events and neutrino observations at Gran Sasso laboratory (LNGS). The coherentν-nucleus channel addressed here is the dominant reaction channel of the neutral currentν-nucleus scattering. Ourν-nucleus cross sections (calculated with a refinement of the quasiparticle random-phase approximation, QRPA) refer to thegs→gstransitions forν-energiesεν≤100 MeV. Subsequently, simulatedν-signals on114Cd isotope are derived. Towards this purpose, the required folded cross section comes out of simulation techniques by employing several low, and intermediate-energy neutrino distributions of the astrophysicalν-sources, like the solar, supernova, and Earth neutrinos, as well as the laboratory neutrinos, the reactor neutrinos, the pion-muon stopped neutrinos, and theβ-beam neutrinos.
A CaMoO4Crystal Low Temperature Detector for the AMoRE Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Search
Authors: Kim G. B. , Choi S. , Danevich F. A. , Fleischmann A. , Kang C. S. , Kim H. J. , Kim S. R. , Kim Y. D. , Kim Y. H. , Kornoukhov V. A. , Lee H. J. , Lee J. H. , Lee M. K. , Lee S. J. , So J. H. , Yoon W. S.
Published: May 2015

We report the development of a CaMoO4crystal low temperature detector for the AMoRE neutrinoless double beta decay(0νββ)search experiment. The prototype detector cell was composed of a 216 g CaMoO4crystal and a metallic magnetic calorimeter. An overground measurement demonstrated FWHM resolution of 6–11 keV for full absorption gamma peaks. Pulse shape discrimination was clearly demonstrated in the phonon signals, and 7.6 σof discrimination power was found for theαandβ/γseparation. The phonon signals showed rise-times of about 1 ms. It is expected that the relatively fast rise-time will increase the rejection efficiency of two-neutrino double beta decay pile-up events which can be one of the major background sources in0νββsearches.
Multitarget Tracking by Particle Filtering Based on RSS Measurement in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lim Jaechan , Chong Uipil
Published: May 2015

We propose an algorithm for multitarget tracking by particle filtering in wireless sensor networks based on received signal strength (RSS) measurement where we also localize a newly appearing target whose location and reference power are unknown. Therefore, the number, the reference power, and the initial locations of targets are unknown in this problem. At the initial localization step, we apply approximate least squares (LS) method to roughly estimate the target location. After the initial location is estimated, we estimate the reference power. This is possible because we can use multiple number of measurements for estimating multiparameters. The proposed approach is particularly emphasized on the initialization step that completes the whole multitarget tracking system by particle filtering in a challenging scenario. The proposed approach is validated by computer simulations for its effectiveness.
Abdominal Distension Associated with Luminal Fungi in the Intestines of Axolotl Larvae
Authors: Zullian Chiara , Dodelet-Devillers Aurore , Roy Stéphane , Hélie Pierre , Vachon Pascal
Published: May 2015

Axolotls show a remarkable regeneration capacity compared with higher vertebrates, regenerating missing appendages such as limbs and tail as well as other body parts (i.e., apex of the heart, forebrain, and jaw) after amputations which makes this animal a very interesting research model for tissue regeneration mechanisms. Larvae are individually housed in a 20% Holtfreter’s solution within clear plastic containers. The photoperiod light : darkness cycle is 12 : 12 h. Larvae with a total body length of less than 5 cm are fed once a day with large brine shrimp and blood worm. Albino larvae appeared to have a tendency to exhibit abdominal distention. No clinical signs of illness seemed to be associated with the condition; however, these animals exhibit a relatively slower growth rate. To better characterize this condition, we performed histological sectioning for cross sectional slide preparation on wild type and albino axolotl larvae following euthanasia. The only lesion seen in the albino larvae was a thickened gut wall and the presence of fungi within the intestines. We hypothesize that this may be due to a lower efficacy of the albino larvae’s immune system.
New Insights for Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Maiese Kenneth
Published: May 2015

The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of oxidative stress are considered critical factors for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disorder that is growing in prevalence and results in significant economic loss. New therapeutic directions that address the detrimental effects of oxidative stress may be especially warranted to develop effective care for the millions of individuals that currently suffer from DM. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) are especially justified to be considered treatment targets for DM since these pathways can address the complex relationship between stem cells, trophic factors, impaired glucose tolerance, programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy, tissue remodeling, cellular energy homeostasis, and vascular biology that greatly impact the biology and disease progression of DM. The translation and development of these pathways into viable therapies will require detailed understanding of their proliferative nature to maximize clinical efficacy and limit adverse effects that have the potential to lead to unintended consequences.
APO866 Increases Antitumor Activity of Cyclosporin-A by Inducing Mitochondrial and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Leukemia Cells
Authors: Cagnetta Antonia , Caffa Irene , Acharya Chirag , Soncini Debora , Acharya Prakrati , Adamia Sophia , Pierri Ivana , Bergamaschi Micaela , Garuti Anna , Fraternali Giulio , Mastracci Luca , Provenzani Alessandro , Zucal Chiara , Damonte Gianluca , Salis Annalisa , Montecucco Fabrizio , Patrone Franco , Ballestrero Alberto , Bruzzone Santina , Gobbi Marco , Nencioni Alessio , Cea Michele
Published: May 2015

Purpose: The nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, APO866, has been previously shown to have antileukemic activity in preclinical models, but its cytotoxicity in primary leukemia cells is frequently limited. The success of current antileukemic treatments is reduced by the occurrence of multidrug resistance, which, in turn, is mediated by membrane transport proteins, such as P-glycoprotein-1 (Pgp). Here, we evaluated the antileukemic effects of APO866 in combination with Pgp inhibitors and studied the mechanisms underlying the interaction between these two types of agents.

Experimental Design: The effects of APO866 with or without Pgp inhibitors were tested on the viability of leukemia cell lines, primary leukemia cells (AML, n = 6; B-CLL, n = 19), and healthy leukocytes. Intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and ATP levels, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), markers of apoptosis and of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were evaluated.

Results: The combination of APO866 with Pgp inhibitors resulted in a synergistic cytotoxic effect in leukemia cells, while sparing normal CD34+ progenitor cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Combining Pgp inhibitors with APO866 led to increased intracellular APO866 levels, compounded NAD+ and ATP shortage, and induced ΔΨm dissipation. Notably, APO866, Pgp inhibitors and, to a much higher extent, their combination induced ER stress and ER stress inhibition strongly reduced the activity of these treatments.

Conclusions: APO866 and Pgp inhibitors show a strong synergistic cooperation in leukemia cells, including acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) samples. Further evaluations of the combination of these agents in clinical setting should be considered. Clin Cancer Res; 21(17); 3934–45. ©2015 AACR.
Cosilencing of PKM-2 and MDR-1 Sensitizes Multidrug-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel in a Murine Model of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Talekar Meghna , Ouyang Qijun , Goldberg Michael S. , Amiji Mansoor M.
Published: May 2015

Tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious clinical challenge that significantly limits the effectiveness of cytotoxic chemotherapy. As such, complementary therapeutic strategies are being explored to prevent relapse. The altered metabolic state of cancer cells, which perform aerobic glycolysis, represents an interesting target that can enable discrimination between healthy cells and cancer cells. We hypothesized that cosilencing of genes responsible for aerobic glycolysis and for MDR would have synergistic antitumor effect. In this study, siRNA duplexes against pyruvate kinase M2 and multidrug resistance gene-1 were encapsulated in hyaluronic acid–based self-assembling nanoparticles. The particles were characterized for morphology, size, charge, encapsulation efficiency, and transfection efficiency. In vivo studies included biodistribution assessment, gene knockdown confirmation, therapeutic efficacy, and safety analysis. The benefit of active targeting of cancer cells was confirmed by modifying the particles' surface with a peptide targeted to epidermal growth factor receptor, which is overexpressed on the membranes of the SKOV-3 cancer cells. To augment the studies involving transplantation of a paclitaxel-resistant cell line, an in vivo paclitaxel resistance model was developed by injecting repeated doses of paclitaxel following tumor inoculation. The nanoparticles accumulated significantly in the tumors, hindering tumor volume doubling time (P < 0.05) upon combination therapy in both the wild-type (2-fold) and resistant (8-fold) xenograft models. Although previous studies indicated that silencing of MDR-1 alone sensitized MDR ovarian cancer to paclitaxel only modestly, these data suggest that concurrent silencing of PKM-2 improves the efficacy of paclitaxel against MDR ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 14(7); 1521–31. ©2015 AACR.
Long-Term Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of High-Risk Malignant Melanoma Patients after Surgery and Adjuvant High-Dose Interferon Treatment: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Akman Tulay , Oztop Ilhan , Unek Ilkay Tugba , Koca Dogan , Unal Olcun Umit , Salman Tarık , Yavuzsen Tugba , Yilmaz Ahmet Ugur , Somali Isıl , Demir Necla , Ellidokuz Hulya
Published: May 2015

Background: Surgical excision constitutes an important part of the treatment of local advanced malignant melanoma. Due to the high recurrence risk, adjuvant high-dose interferon therapy is still the only therapy used in stage IIB and III high-risk melanoma patients. Methods: One hundred two high-risk malignant melanoma patients who received high-dose interferon-α-2b therapy were evaluated retrospectively. The clinicopathological features, survival times, and prognostic factors of the patients were determined. Results: The median disease-free and overall survival times were 25.2 and 60.8 months, respectively. Our findings revealed that male gender, advanced disease stage, lymph node involvement, lymphatic invasion, the presence of ulceration, and a high Clark level were significant negative prognostic factors. Conclusion: In light of the favorable survival results obtained in this study, high-dose interferon treatment as adjuvant therapy for high-risk melanoma is still an efficient treatment and its possible side effects can be prevented by taking the necessary precautions.
Outcome of Patients Discharged From a Heart Failure Disease Management Program following Their Clinical and Echocardiographic Recovery
Authors: Proctor Patrick , King David Ryan , Fesel Nicole M. , Narveson Sara Y. , Anderson William E. , Littmann Laszlo
Published: May 2015

Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is associated with high mortality and frequent hospitalizations. Disease management programs (DMPs) have a favorable impact on patients with HF. No data exist regarding the outcomes of patients discharged from such a program. Methods: We examined the outcome of patients with severe systolic HF who were discharged from a DMP following full clinical and echocardiographic recovery. Data were reviewed for mortality, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, medication adherence and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). Results: At enrollment and discharge, the mean EF was 19 and 53%, respectively. At follow-up 46.2 months after discharge, 56% of patients had been to the emergency room, 34% were hospitalized a total of 41 times and 20% had died. In the patients who required hospitalization for HF, the mean EF upon rehospitalization had dropped to 23.4%. Conclusions: Many patients with initially severe systolic HF who had an almost full recovery in a multidisciplinary DMP had very poor outcomes once they were discharged from the program. It may be appropriate to revisit the practice of discharging patients from DMPs once they have reached a specific clinical target.
Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Southern Poland
Authors: Pobiega Monika , Wojkowska-Mach Jadwiga , Maciag Joanna , Chmielarczyk Agnieszka , Romaniszyn Dorota , Pomorska-Wesolowska Monika , Ziolkowski Grzegorz , Heczko Piotr B. , Bulanda Malgorzata
Published: May 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the resistance and virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains causing urinary tract infections in in- and outpatients in Southern Poland. Methods: The study included 83 inpatients and 66 outpatients; 36.9% were female. Results: Monomicrobial infections accounted for 74.5%; polymicrobial infections occurred more frequently among inpatients (odds ratio, OR = 4.32, p = 0.0008). exoS and lasB were detected in 90 and 74% of isolates, respectively. aprA was present in 66%, pilB in 5% and pilA in 23% of isolates. Isolates from adults were more frequently resistant to fluoroquinolones (OR = 0.37, p = 0.029). Twenty-nine isolates were classified as multidrug resistant and 12 as extremely drug resistant, which occurred less frequently in patients <17 years (OR = 0.18, p = 0.024). Nine metallo-β-lactamase-positive isolates were identified. blaSHV was present in 10, blaTEM in 6, blaOXA-10 in 3 and blaVIM-2 in 3 isolates. Conclusion: Antibiotic selection should be based on the knowledge of local antimicrobial susceptibilities to maximize the benefit for patients and minimize the risk of drug resistance.
Comparison of Effects of Low- versus High-Dose Heparin on Access-Site Complications during Transradial Coronary Angiography: A Double-Blind Randomized Study
Authors: Degirmencioglu Aleks , Buturak Ali , Zencirci Ertugrul , Karakus Gultekin , Güvenc Tolga Sinan , Akyol Ahmet , Esen Aycan , Demirci Yasemin , Sipahi Ilke , Dagdelen Sinan , Norgaz Tugrul , Gorgulu Sevket
Published: May 2015

Objectives: Although heparin is highly effective in reducing the rate of radial artery occlusion after transradial catheterization, the optimal heparin dose is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two different heparin doses during transradial coronary angiography. Methods: 490 consecutive patients undergoing transradial coronary angiography were prospectively enrolled into this double-blind randomized trial. A total of 202 patients enrolled in the low-dose (LD; 2,500 U of heparin) group and 202 patients enrolled in the high-dose (HD; 5,000 U of heparin) group were included in the final analysis. The primary endpoint of the study was radial artery occlusion. Bleeding and hematomas were the secondary outcome measures. Results: At day 7, radial artery occlusion occurred in 5.9% of the patients in the LD group and in 5.4% of the patients in the HD group (p = 0.83). Bleeding during deflation of the transradial band occurred in 6.4% of the patients in the LD group and in 18.3% of the patients in the HD group; the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Higher-dose heparin was found to be an independent predictor of bleeding (p = 0.007). Conclusion: A lower dose of heparin (i.e. 2,500 U) decreases bleeding during transradial band deflation without an increase in radial artery occlusion.
A Rapid Method to Evaluate Cardiac Repolarization Changes: The Effect of Two Coffee Strengths on the QT Interval
Authors: Molnar Janos , Somberg John C.
Published: May 2015

Objectives: To assess the effect of coffee on ventricular repolarization as measured by an electrocardiogram. Methods: Fifty-four healthy volunteers (34 males and 20 females, age 23 ± 5 years) received 1 cup of coffee (caffeine content 120 mg) and 11 participants received 2 cups. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured prior to coffee and every hour thereafter for 5 h. A 12-lead digital Holter recorded continuously, and RR, QT, and QTc intervals were obtained every 30 min. Results: Following coffee, RR increased from 802 ± 102 to 873 ± 126 ms (p = 0.001), QT increased from 359 ± 26 to 367 ± 27 ms at 1.5 h (p = 0.047), and QTc decreased from 387 ± 21 to 381 ± 23 ms at 30 min (p = 0.001), with no changes noted at other time points. Caffeine users and caffeine-naive subjects did not differ in QTc effects (p = 0.971). Females had longer QTc at each time point than males (p = 0.037), but neither had QTc prolongation following coffee. The heart rate decreased from 73 ± 9 to 69 ± 11 bpm at 1 h (p = 0.018), and no significant changes in blood pressure were noted. The effects of 1 or 2 cups of coffee did not differ in terms of QTc (p = 0.663), heart rate (p = 0.161), diastolic (p = 0.250), or systolic blood pressure (p = 0.168). Conclusion: Neither 1 nor 2 cups of coffee increased ventricular repolarization.
First Report of NDM-1-Producing Acinetobacter guillouiae
Authors: Bošnjak Zrinka , Plecko Vanda , Budimir Ana , Mareković Ivana , Bedenić Branka
Published: May 2015

Background: Acinetobacter spp. is an opportunistic pathogen that has demonstrated increasing relevance in nosocomial infections. Carbapenem-resistant strains have been reported worldwide. Methods: Since 2014, screening for metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in all Acinetobacter spp. isolates using phenotypic methods and PCR has been implemented at the University Hospital Center Zagreb. Results: The bacterial strain was isolated from the drain of a child hospitalized in a paediatric intensive care unit and identified as Acinetobacter guillouiae using a MALDI TOF automated system. The strain was resistant to meropenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, sulbactam/ampicillin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, intermediately susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem, and susceptible to amikacin and colistin. The Hodge test and combined disk test with EDTA were positive. The MICs of meropenem and imipenem were not reduced by cloxacillin, but a small reduction of two dilutions was observed following the addition of sodium chloride, which indicated that OXA-58 was produced. PCR and sequencing of chromosomal DNA from boiled colonies revealed blaOXA-58 and blaNDM-1 genes. Conclusion: This is the first report of NDM-1 in Acinetobacter spp. in Croatia. The early detection of these genes will aid in the prevention and in the achievement of adequate infection control by limiting the spread of these organisms.
Epicardial Phrenic Nerve Displacement During Catheter Ablation of Atrial and Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Barbhaiya Chirag R. , Baldinger Samuel H. , Koplan Bruce A. , Maytin Melanie , Epstein Laurence M. , John Roy M. , Michaud Gregory F. , Tedrow Usha B. , Stevenson William G.
Published: May 2015

Background—

Arrhythmia origin in close proximity to the phrenic nerve (PN) can hinder successful catheter ablation. We describe our approach with epicardial PN displacement in such instances.

Methods and Results—

PN displacement via percutaneous pericardial access was attempted in 13 patients (age 49±16 years, 9 females) with either atrial tachycardia (6 patients) or atrial fibrillation triggered from a superior vena cava focus (1 patient) adjacent to the right PN or epicardial ventricular tachycardia origin adjacent to the left PN (6 patients). An epicardially placed steerable sheath/4 mm-catheter combination (5 patients) or a vascular or an esophageal balloon (8 patients) was ultimately successful. Balloon placement was often difficult requiring manipulation via a steerable sheath. In 2 ventricular tachycardia cases, absence of PN capture was achieved only once the balloon was directly over the ablation catheter. In 3 atrial tachycardia patients, PN displacement was not possible with a balloon; however, a steerable sheath/catheter combination was ultimately successful. PN displacement allowed acute abolishment of all targeted arrhythmias. No PN injury occurred acutely or in follow up. Two patients developed acute complications (pleuro-pericardial fistula 1 and pericardial bleeding 1). Survival free of target arrhythmia was achieved in all atrial tachycardia patients; however, a nontargeted ventricular tachycardia recurred in 1 patient at a median of 13 months’ follow up.

Conclusions—

Arrhythmias originating in close proximity to the PN can be targeted successfully with PN displacement with an epicardially placed steerable sheath/catheter combination, or balloon, but this strategy can be difficult to implement. Better tools for phrenic nerve protection are desirable.
Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Leads to Metabolic Syndrome and Induction of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase
Authors: Urbanet Riccardo , Nguyen Dinh Cat Aurelie , Feraco Alessandra , Venteclef Nicolas , El Mogrhabi Soumaya , Sierra-Ramos Catalina , Alvarez de la Rosa Diego , Adler Gail K. , Quilliot Didier , Rossignol Patrick , Fallo Francesco , Touyz Rhian M. , Jaisser Frédéric
Published: May 2015

Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacological antagonism of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, limits metabolic syndrome in preclinical models, but mechanistic studies are lacking to delineate the role of MR activation in adipose tissue. In this study, we report that
MR
expression is increased in visceral adipose tissue in a preclinical mouse model of metabolic syndrome and in obese patients. In vivo conditional upregulation of MR in mouse adipocytes led to increased weight and fat mass, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome features without affecting blood pressure. We identified prostaglandin D2 synthase as a novel MR target gene in adipocytes and AT56, a specific inhibitor of prostaglandin D2 synthase enzymatic activity, blunted adipogenic aldosterone effects. Moreover, translational studies showed that expression of
MR
and prostaglandin D2 synthase is strongly correlated in adipose tissues from obese patients.
Urinary Proteome and Systolic Blood Pressure as Predictors of 5-Year Cardiovascular and Cardiac Outcomes in a General Population
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Yu , Thijs Lutgarde , Petit Thibault , Gu Yu-Mei , Jacobs Lotte , Yang Wen-Yi , Liu Yan-Ping , Koeck Thomas , Zürbig Petra , Jin Yu , Verhamme Peter , Voigt Jens-Uwe , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Mischak Harald , Staessen Jan A.
Published: May 2015

In a previous cross-sectional study, we identified a multidimensional urinary classifier (HF1), which was associated with left ventricular dysfunction. We investigated whether HF1 predicts cardiovascular end points over and beyond traditional risk factors. In 791 randomly recruited Flemish (mean age, 51.2 years; 50.6% women), we quantified HF1 by capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. In addition, we measured cardiovascular risk factors. HF1 averaged −0.97 U (range, −3.26 to 2.60). Over 6.1 years (median), 35 participants died and 63, 45, and 22 experienced fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular, cardiac, or coronary events, respectively. The incidence of fatal combined with nonfatal cardiovascular and cardiac end points, standardized for sex and age, increased across thirds of the HF1 distribution (
P
≤0.014), whereas trends for all-cause mortality and coronary events were nonsignificant (
P
≥0.10). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (+1-SD) were 1.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.65;
P
=0.029) and 1.39 (1.06–1.84;
P
=0.018) for cardiovascular and cardiac events in relation to HF1. For systolic pressure, the corresponding estimates were 0.97 (0.74–1.28;
P
=0.85) and 0.93 (0.67–1.29;
P
=0.66), respectively. The HF1 upper thresholds optimized by maximizing Younden’s index were −0.50 and −0.36 U for cardiovascular and cardiac end points, respectively. Prognostic accuracy significantly (
P
≤0.006) improved by adding HF1 to Cox models already including the other baseline predictors. Sensitivity analyses, from which we excluded 71 participants with previous cardiovascular disease, were confirmatory. In conclusion, over a 6-year period, the urinary proteome, but not systolic pressure, predicted cardiovascular and cardiac disease.
Regenerative Therapy Prevents Heart Failure Progression in Dyssynchronous Nonischemic Narrow QRS Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yamada Satsuki , Arrell D. Kent , Martinez‐Fernandez Almudena , Behfar Atta , Kane Garvan C. , Perez‐Terzic Carmen M. , Crespo‐Diaz Ruben J. , McDonald Robert J. , Wyles Saranya P. , Zlatkovic‐Lindor Jelena , Nelson Timothy J. , Terzic Andre
Published: May 2015

Background

Cardiac resynchronization therapy using bi‐ventricular pacing is proven effective in the management of heart failure (HF) with a wide
QRS
‐complex. In the absence of
QRS
prolongation, however, device‐based resynchronization is reported unsuitable. As an alternative, the present study tests a regenerative cell‐based approach in the setting of narrow
QRS
‐complex HF.

Methods and Results

Progressive cardiac dyssynchrony was provoked in a chronic transgenic model of stress‐triggered dilated cardiomyopathy. In contrast to rampant end‐stage disease afflicting untreated cohorts, stem cell intervention early in disease, characterized by mechanical dyssynchrony and a narrow
QRS
‐complex, aborted progressive dyssynchronous HF and prevented
QRS
widening. Stem cell‐treated hearts acquired coordinated ventricular contraction and relaxation supporting systolic and diastolic performance. Rescue of contractile dynamics was underpinned by a halted left ventricular dilatation, limited hypertrophy, and reduced fibrosis. Reverse remodeling reflected a restored cardiomyopathic proteome, enforced at systems level through correction of the pathological molecular landscape and nullified adverse cardiac outcomes. Cell therapy of a dyssynchrony‐prone cardiomyopathic cohort translated prospectively into improved exercise capacity and prolonged survivorship.

Conclusions

In narrow
QRS
HF, a regenerative approach demonstrated functional and structural benefit, introducing the prospect of device‐autonomous resynchronization therapy for refractory disease.
„Der Islam begann als Fremder, und als Fremder wird er wiederkehren“: Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhābs Prophetenbiographie Muḫtaṣar sīrat ar-rasūl als Programm und Propaganda
Authors: Riexinger Martin
Published: May 2015

Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb embeds in his Mukhtaṣar sīrat al-rasūl the biography of Muḥammad in an overarching vision of history that begins with Adam and ends in the Mongol period. In this cyclical concept the promulgation of Islam is followed by a relapse into shirk due to misdirected piety. But whereas until the time of Muḥammad God himself reinstalled Islam with the help of prophets and miracles, the true Muslims are obliged to fight aberrations. The paradigmatic example for this is the defeat of the ridda, the event which is dealt with most extensively. The author makes clear what he considers as the two main aberrations of his time: sufi practices which he equates with pagan practices by the choice of suggestive vocabulary and the – as he sees it – excessive veneration of Muḥammad. Therefore Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb plays down all aspects which could lead to an ascription of a different ontological status to him and following Ibn Taymiyya he even affirms the historicity of the story of the cranes, implying that ʿiṣma does not mean total infallibility. By stressing both the human character of Muḥammad and his military activities the author intends to demonstrate that all his actions which are not related to revelation, in particular the defeat of paganism, can and have to be repeated.
Contesting Enslavement: Voices of the Female Slaves from the Persian Gulf in the 1930s
Authors: Zdanowski Jerzy
Published: May 2015

The article is on slavery in the Persian Gulf, as documented in the official reports of British officials and the slaves’ statements made at the British Agencies in the Gulf. Between 1921 and 1946 around 950 slaves applied for manumission. There were almost 280 women among the applicants and data from their statements refer to the position of slave women in the local societies during the critical time of a socio-economic crisis in the 1930s. Who were female-applicants and why were they running away from their masters? In what terms were they describing their status as slaves and moreover, what was it that slavery meant for them?
Dah Šab – Zehn Literaturabende in Teheran 1977: Der Kampf um das Monopol literarischer Legitimität
Authors: Gölz Olmo
Published: May 2015

In October 1977, the German-Iranian Cultural Association in Teheran hosted a series of literature reading sessions, organised by the Iranian Writers Association and the German Goethe-Institut. During these reading sessions 57 of the country’s most prominent poets and writers read their works to thousands of listeners. This series of literature readings is to be regarded as an early manifestation of a public expression of social discontent and political protest against the Pahlavī regime. Here I shall provide a new account that aims at shedding light on the crucial event through the evaluation of a comprehensive range of sources including audio recordings of the Ten Nights and interview material. My theoretical perspective is inspired by Pierre Bourdieu’s ideas on the sociological fields. Thus, I argue that the struggle for the monopoly of literary legitimacy culminated in the Ten Nights and contributed to the erosion of the legitimacy of the Pahlavī regime.
Revision of the Tephritis maccus species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) with description of a new species from Iran
Authors: NAMIN SAEED MOHAMADZADE , KORNEYEV SEVERYN V.
Published: May 2015

The maccus species group of the genus Tephritis Latreille 1804 is revised. The maccus group contains five species with a radiate wing pattern, cell r1 without or with only one large hyaline spot or indentation on the anterior wing margin, and the aculeus moderately broad, sharply narrowing and pointed at the very apex. The included species are: Tephritis azari Mohamadzade Namin & Korneyev, Tephritis gharalii sp. nov., Tephritis maccus Hering, Tephritis sophus and Tephritis urelliosomima Korneyev & Dirlbek.
Passalidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) of the Greater and Lesser Antilles
Authors: JIMÉNEZ-FERBANS LARRY , REYES-CASTILLO PEDRO , SCHUSTER JACK C.
Published: May 2015

We present a synthesis of the state of knowledge concerning the species of Passalidae (Coleoptera) of the West Indies and we present a key to the species. The recently described genus Antillanax Boucher renders the subgenus Passalus (Pertinax) Kaup paraphyletic, therefore we place Antillanax in synonymy with Passalus (Pertinax) and we propose a new combination for Passalus (Pertinax) doesburgi (Boucher). The island richest in species is Hispaniola, with five species, three of them endemic. Excluding Trinidad and Tobago, the passalid fauna of the West Indies comprises 13 species; this is low richness, but with high endemism (50%), especially for the Greater Antilles.
New species and new records of Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from Vietnam
Authors: GUILBERT ERIC
Published: May 2015

Tingidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) collected in Vietnam by several institutions between 1958 and 2013 continue to yield new information about tropical diversity in this family of insects. Herein, thirty-seven species are newly recorded for Vietnam, and four are described as new to science. Comments on their affinities and distribution are provided, highlighting the biological richness of a rapidly developing country with human impacts.
A new genus of the tribe Parahiraciini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) from Hainan Island
Authors: MENG RUI , QIN DAOZHENG , WANG YINGLUN
Published: May 2015

A new issid genus in the tribe Parahiraciini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) is erected for Fortunia jianfenglingensis Chen, Zhang et Chang, 2014 (China: Hainan). Male of the species is described and illustrated for the first time. A key for the 15 genera of Parahiraciini is provided. Morphological peculiarity and phylogenetic position of the new genus and the distribution of the tribe Parahiraciini are briefly discussed.
The Sensitivity of Salt Wedge Estuaries to Channel Geometry
Authors: Poggioli Anthony R. , Horner-Devine Alexander R.
Published: May 2015

The authors develop a two-layer hydraulic model to determine the saline intrusion length in sloped and converging salt wedge estuaries. They find that the nondimensional intrusion length = CiL/hS depends significantly on the channel bottom slope and the rate and magnitude of landward width convergence, in addition to the freshwater Froude number. In the definition of , Ci is a quadratic interfacial drag coefficient, L is the salt wedge intrusion length, and hS is the depth at the mouth of the estuary. Bottom slope is found to limit the saline intrusion length, and this limitation accounts for the deviation of the observed exponent n in a scaling relationship with the river discharge of the form L ~ Q−n from the canonical value of 2 to 2.5 predicted by the theory of Schijf and Schönfeld for a flat, prismatic estuary. The authors find that estuary convergence is important only when the ratio of the slope-limited intrusion length to the convergence length is greater than one, and that the effects of convergence are less significant than those of slope limitation. They compare this model to field and validated numerical data and find that the solution predicts the intrusion length with good accuracy, improving on the flat, prismatic solution by orders of magnitude. While this model has good predictive capability, it is sensitive to Ci and the location of the hydraulic control point, both difficult to determine a priori.
Near-Surface Density Currents Observed in the Southeast Pacific Stratocumulus-Topped Marine Boundary Layer*
Authors: Wilbanks Matt C. , Yuter Sandra E. , de Szoeke Simon P. , Brewer W. Alan , Miller Matthew A. , Hall Andrew M. , Burleyson Casey D.
Published: May 2015

Density currents (i.e., cold pools or outflows) beneath marine stratocumulus clouds are characterized using 30 days of ship-based observations obtained during the 2008 Variability of American Monsoon Systems (VAMOS) Ocean–Cloud–Atmosphere–Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) in the southeast Pacific. An air density increase criterion applied to the Improved Meteorological (IMET) sensor data identified 71 density current front, core (peak density), and tail (dissipating) zones. The similarity in speeds of the mean density current propagation speed (1.8 m s−1) and the mean cloud-level advection relative to the surface layer wind (1.9 m s−1) allowed drizzle cells to deposit elongated density currents in their wakes. Scanning Doppler lidar captured prefrontal updrafts with a mean intensity of 0.91 m s−1 and an average vertical extent of 800 m. Updrafts were often surmounted by low-lying shelf clouds not connected to the overlying stratocumulus cloud. The observed density currents were 5–10 times thinner and weaker than typical continental thunderstorm cold pools. Nearly 90% of density currents were identified when C-band radar estimated areal average rain rates exceeded 1 mm day−1 over a 30-km diameter. Rather than peaking when rain rates were highest overnight, density current occurrence peaks between 0600 and 0800 local solar time when enhanced local drizzle co-occurred with shallow subcloud dry and stable layers. The dry layers may have contributed to density current formation by enhancing subcloud evaporation of drizzle. Density currents preferentially occurred in a large region of predominantly open cells but also occurred in regions of closed cells.
Comparing Direct Stenting With Conventional Stenting in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhang Bei , Li Mei , Liu Jielin , Wang Lijuan , Liu Ya , Wang Zuoguang , Wen Shaojun
Published: May 2015

Our aim was to compare direct stenting (DS) with conventional stenting (CS) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI web of science for eligible studies. Primary end point was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in short term. Secondary end points were 1-year mortality and after-procedural no-reflow phenomenon. Twelve trials in 8998 patients were included. The odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed effect model. Short-term MACEs were significantly reduced in the DS arm in contrast to the CS (5.00% vs 8.08%, DS vs CS, respectively, OR [95% confidence interval] = 0.61 [0.46-0.80], P = .0004). One-year mortality and after-procedural no-reflow phenomenon were significantly lower in the DS group. No heterogeneity was observed through I2 test ( Phet = .81, .89, and .77 for each end point, respectively). This meta-analysis demonstrated that in selected patients with ACS, DS is not only safe and feasible but also reduces short-term and 1-year mortality as well as the occurrence of after-procedural no-reflow phenomenon.
Responding to the needs of children of parents arrested in Victoria, Australia. The role of the adult criminal justice system
Authors: Flynn Catherine , Naylor Bronwyn , Fernandez Arias Paula
Published: May 2015

The prison population in most jurisdictions is escalating. As many prisoners are also parents, more children will inevitably be affected by the experience of having a parent incarcerated. Police and the lower courts are the gatekeepers of the criminal justice system and make urgent and vital decisions about arrest, remand and sentencing which have critical consequences for the children of those arrested, remanded and sentenced. To better understand how these children are responded to by this adult system, this paper draws on data collected from a purposive sample (N = 16) of Victorian magistrates, legal representatives and police, as part of a broader ARC funded study. Findings indicate that the consideration of these children by police and magistrates is largely ad hoc and depends on good will and the exercise of discretion. The balancing of justice issues and the interests of children is also complex and currently under-researched and under-informed. The authors argue that until the agencies dealing with adults incorporate child-focused practices, children, who have a primary carer in prison, will continue to be disadvantaged by a system which considers them only as collateral damage in the exercise of justice.
Factors Affecting Care in Non-English-Speaking Patients and Families
Authors: Raynor Eileen M.
Published: May 2015

Objective. Identify concerns in non-English-speaking patients to improve patient care and communication. Misunderstandings due to language barriers can impose undue hardship possibly leading to adverse outcomes. Information from this study may identify ways of improving care. Methods. A 31-question survey was administered in the patients’ native language using certified medical interpreters. Surveys were collected anonymously during clinic visits. Results. Thirty-eight surveys were completed and compiled. Most were happy with their provider. Half indicated that they did not know why they were seeing that provider, did not understand the tests, or had difficulty with interpreters. Many indicated they would like medical information written in their native language. Conclusion. Barriers to communication can lead to adverse medical outcomes, poor compliance with therapy, and poor understanding of medical conditions. Providing written information in the patient’s native language has the potential to complement the verbal discussion and enhance patient care.
David Julizya Kaunda and Paul Bwembya Mushindo in a History of the United Church Of Zambia: Reflections on a Journey and Vision for the Paradigm Shift
Authors: Kangwa Jonathan
Published: May 2015

This article documents the narratives of David Julizya Kaunda and Paul Bwembya Mushindo, first and foremost so that their stories will not be lost—that is, to preserve their memory. Secondly, they are told in order to demonstrate the contribution of indigenous Africans to the 19th-and 20th-century missionary enterprise in Africa, particularly Zambia. Thirdly, they are told as stories of resistance to colonial forces that often have sought to diminish the power and status of black Africans. Lastly, their stories represent a possibility to retrieve some of the values on which the United Church of Zambia was founded and that may inform its future missiological vision.
Boredom proneness predicts quality of life in outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders
Authors: Gerritsen Cory J , Goldberg Joel O , Eastwood John D
Published: May 2015

Background:

There is increasing recognition of the clinical significance of boredom associated with functional impairments in schizophrenia. Previous work has highlighted the importance of motivational deficits more broadly, although no study has yet explored the unique effects of boredom on community outcomes.

Aims:

This study aims to measure boredom proneness among outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia to determine whether it is elevated in this population and to determine its relation to quality-of-life outcomes.

Methods:

A self-report measure of boredom proneness along with standard measures of symptoms and functional status was administered to a community-dwelling sample of schizophrenia outpatients.

Results:

Boredom proneness was found to be elevated in this population and was associated with reduced quality of life, specifically with leisure activity dissatisfaction and reduced sense of financial well-being. Negative symptoms were determined to be associated with reduced work and school functioning.

Conclusion:

This pattern of unique effects on quality of life highlights the clinical relevance of identifying a subjective state of boredom and has theoretical importance in distinguishing boredom proneness specifically from more general avolitional and amotivational conditions that have tended to be the focus of clinical observation and previous research.
A general iterative approach for solving the general constrained linear matrix equations system
Authors: Karimi Saeed , Dehghan Maryam
Published: May 2015

Much of the research which has been done on special kinds of matrix equations has almost the same structure. In this paper, an iterative approach is proposed which is more general and includes all such matrix equations. This approach is based on the global least squares (GL-LSQR) method. To do so, a linear matrix operator, its adjoint and a proper inner product are defined. Then we demonstrate how to employ the new approach for solving the general linear matrix equations system. When the matrix equations are consistent, a least-norm solution can be obtained. Moreover, the optimal approximate solution to a given group of matrices can be derived. Also, some theoretical properties and the error analysis of the new method are discussed. Finally, some numerical experiments are given to compare the new iterative method with some existent methods in terms of their numerical results and illustrate the efficiency of the new method.
Coordinated guidance for multiple UAVs
Authors: Çakıcı Ferit , Ergezer Halit , Irmak Ufuk , Leblebicioğlu M. Kemal
Published: May 2015

This paper addresses the path planning problem of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The paths are planned to maximize collected amount of information from desired regions (DRs), while avoiding forbidden regions (FRs) and reaching the destination. This study focuses on maximizing collected information instead of minimizing total mission time, as in previous studies. The problem is solved by a genetic algorithm (GA) with the proposal of novel evolutionary operators. The initial populations are generated from a seed-path for each UAV. The seed-paths are obtained both by utilizing the pattern search method and by solving the multiple-Traveling Salesman Problem (mTSP). Utilizing the mTSP solves both the visiting sequences of DRs and the assignment problem of ‘which DR should be visited by which UAV?’ All of the paths in the population in any generation of the GA are constructed using a dynamical UAV model. Simulations are realized in a MATLAB/Simulink environment for different mission scenarios and the results provide physically realizable flight paths, which visit DRs and avoid FRs. Real-world experiments are conducted by using small UAVs, which are constructed by autopilot integration on model airplanes. Flight tests performed based on simulated scenarios proved beneficial in maximizing the collected amount of information for multiple UAV missions.
Impulse energy approximation of higher-order interval systems using Kharitonov’s polynomials
Authors: Kumar M. Siva , Anand N. Vijaya , Rao R. Srinivasa
Published: May 2015

This research work proposes a method to obtain a stable reduced-order interval model from its stable higher-order interval plant. The reduced-order interval numerator and denominator polynomials are determined by using Kharitonov’s polynomials and a general form of the Routh approximation method. The proposed reduction algorithm retains stability and full impulse response energy of the higher-order interval system in its reduced-order interval model. In addition to this, the proposed method has useful features like matching of time moments and mathematical simplicity. Moreover, a few numerical examples in the literature are taken into consideration and simulated through MATLAB to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Loosely coupled fusion of camera and inertial sensors for distributed error compensation in strapdown inertial navigation system
Authors: Sadeghzadeh-Nokhodberiz Nargess , Poshtan Javad
Published: May 2015

The problem of error estimation and compensation in strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) is investigated in this paper. The error dynamic model is derived and employed for this purpose. Information gathered from a micro-electro-mechanical inertial measurement unit (MEMS IMU) is fused with camera information in a loosely coupled integration scenario. Although this integration is computationally efficient, it suffers from fault propagation in the navigation algorithm. To overcome this problem, it is proposed in this paper to estimate and compensate for the propagated faults in a timely manner to provide a short start-up and computation time. This goal is achieved through the design of decentralized error estimation and compensation algorithms running in parallel with the inertial navigation system. To this end, firstly, the sparse error system is decomposed to cascaded subsystems using a combination of structural and behavioural decomposition methods. Then, cascaded Kalman filters (KFs) and decentralized state feedback regulators are designed for error estimation and compensation, respectively. The experimental results based on data from the 3D MEMS IMU and camera system are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.