bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
iSpan: Parallel Identification of Strongly Connected Components with Spanning Trees
Authors: Ji Yuede , Liu Hang , Hu Yang , Huang H. Howie
Published: July 2022

Detecting strongly connected components (SCCs) in a directed graph is crucial for understanding the structure of graphs. Most real-world graphs have one large SCC that contains the majority of the vertices as well as many small SCCs whose sizes are reversely proportional to the frequency of their occurrences. For both types of SCCs, current approaches that rely on depth first search (DFS) or breadth first search (BFS) face the challenges of both strict synchronization requirements and high computation cost. In this article, we advocate a new paradigm of identifying SCCs with simple spanning trees since SCC detection requires only the knowledge of connectivity among the vertices. We have developed a prototype callediSpan, which consists of parallel, relaxed synchronization construction of spanning trees for detecting large and small SCCs combined with fast trims for small SCCs. We further scaleiSpanto the distributed memory system by applying different distribution strategies to the data and task parallel jobs. Not limited, we also extendiSpanto the GPU architecture. The evaluations show thatiSpanis able to significantly outperform current state-of-the-art DFS- and BFS-based methods by an average 18× and 4×, respectively.
Simple Concurrent Connected Components Algorithms
Authors: Liu Sixue Cliff , Tarjan Robert Endre
Published: July 2022

We study a class of simple algorithms for concurrently computing the connected components of an
n
-vertex,
m
-edge graph. Our algorithms are easy to implement in either the COMBINING CRCW PRAM or the MPC computing model. For two related algorithms in this class, we obtain Θ (lg
n
) step and Θ (m lg
n
) work bounds.

1

For two others, we obtain
O
(lg
2
n
) step and
O
(m lg
2
n
) work bounds, which are tight for one of them. All our algorithms are simpler than related algorithms in the literature. We also point out some gaps and errors in the analysis of previous algorithms. Our results show that even a basic problem like connected components still has secrets to reveal.
A Critical Review on the Use (and Misuse) of Differential Privacy in Machine Learning
Authors: Blanco-Justicia Alberto , Sánchez David , Domingo-Ferrer Josep , Muralidhar Krishnamurty
Published: July 2022

We review the use of differential privacy (DP) for privacy protection in machine learning (ML). We show that, driven by the aim of preserving the accuracy of the learned models, DP-based ML implementations are so loose that they do not offer theex anteprivacy guarantees of DP. Instead, what they deliver is basically noise addition similar to the traditional (and often criticized) statistical disclosure control approach. Due to the lack of formal privacy guarantees, the actual level of privacy offered must be experimentally assessedex post, which is done very seldom. In this respect, we present empirical results showing that standard anti-overfitting techniques in ML can achieve a better utility/privacy/efficiency tradeoff than DP.
Real-time Bidding for Time Constrained Impression Contracts in First and Second Price Auctions - Theory and Algorithms
Authors: Kinnear Ryan J. , Mazumdar Ravi R. , Marbach Peter
Published: July 2022

We study an optimal bidding and allocation problem that builds upon the earlier work of [4]. The model we study is of interest in online real-time advertising where the demand of a large number of advertisers is aggregated by an intermediary who bids in the advertising auction market on their behalf. This intermediary is referred to as a Demand Side Platform (DSP).
Tuxedo
Authors: Das Sourav , Awathare Nitin , Ren Ling , Ribeiro Vinay J. , Bellur Umesh
Published: July 2022

Proof-of-Work~(PoW) based blockchains typically allocate only a tiny fraction (e.g., less than 1% for Ethereum) of the average interarrival time~$\mathbbI $ between blocks for validating smart contracts present in transactions. In such systems, block validation and PoW mining are typically performed sequentially, the former by CPUs and the latter by ASICs. A trivial increase in validation time~$(τ)$ introduces the popularly known Verifier's Dilemma, and as we demonstrate, causes more forking and hurts fairness. Large τ also reduces the tolerance for safety against a Byzantine adversary. Solutions that offload validation to a set of non-chain nodes (a.k.a. off-chain approaches) suffer from trust and performance issues that are non-trivial to resolve.

In this paper, we present Tuxedo, the first on-chain protocol to theoretically scale τ/\mathbbI \approx 1$ in PoW blockchains. The key innovation in Tuxedo is to perform CPU-based block processing in \em parallel to ASIC mining. We achieve this by allowing miners to delay validation of transactions in a block by up to ζ blocks, where ζ is a system parameter. We perform security analysis of Tuxedo considering all possible adversarial strategies in a synchronous network with maximum end-to-end delay Δ and demonstrate that Tuxedo achieves security equivalent to known results for longest chain PoW Nakamoto consensus. Our prototype implementation of Tuxedo atop Ethereum demonstrates that it can scale τ without suffering the harmful effects of naïve scaling up of τ/\mathbbI $ in existing blockchains.
Neuroscientific Evidence for Processing Without Awareness
Authors: Mudrik Liad , Deouell Leon Y.
Published: July 2022

The extent to which we are affected by perceptual input of which we are unaware is widely debated. By measuring neural responses to sensory stimulation, neuroscientific data could complement behavioral results with valuable evidence. Here we review neuroscientific findings of processing of high-level information, as well as interactions with attention and memory. Although the results are mixed, we find initial support for processing object categories and words, possibly to the semantic level, as well as emotional expressions. Robust neural evidence for face individuation and integration of sentences or scenes is lacking. Attention affects the processing of stimuli that are not consciously perceived, and such stimuli may exogenously but not endogenously capture attention when relevant, and be maintained in memory over time. Sources of inconsistency in the literature include variability in control for awareness as well as individual differences, calling for future studies that adopt stricter measures of awareness and probe multiple processes within subjects.
Theory of the Multiregional Neocortex: Large-Scale Neural Dynamics and Distributed Cognition
Authors: Wang Xiao-Jing
Published: July 2022

The neocortex is a complex neurobiological system with many interacting regions. How these regions work together to subserve flexible behavior and cognition has become increasingly amenable to rigorous research. Here, I review recent experimental and theoretical work on the modus operandi of a multiregional cortex. These studies revealed several general principles for the neocortical interareal connectivity, low-dimensional macroscopic gradients of biological properties across cortical areas, and a hierarchy of timescales for information processing. Theoretical work suggests testable predictions regarding differential excitation and inhibition along feedforward and feedback pathways in the cortical hierarchy. Furthermore, modeling of distributed working memory and simple decision-making has given rise to a novel mathematical concept, dubbed bifurcation in space, that potentially explains how different cortical areas, with a canonical circuit organization but gradients of biological heterogeneities, are able to subserve their respective (e.g., sensory coding versus executive control) functions in a modularly organized brain.
Preparation of Novel Cu/Cu2O Composite Thin Films by Pulse Deposition Method and Their Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance for Methylene Blue
Authors: Yu Xiaojiao , Zheng Xiaoyi , Wei Yuchen , Wang Jin , Zhao Ningning , Yang Qian , Yu Zhong , Niu Jinfen
Published: July 2022

Cu/Cu2O composite thin films were prepared by pulsed electrodeposition in a single electrolyte solution. The microstructure and performance of the composite thin films were tested and analysed. The photocatalytic performance of Cu/Cu2O composite thin films for methylene blue was studied. The results showed that the prepared Cu/Cu2O was a triangular pyramid with a (111) plane preferential orientation, the grain size was approximately 500–1000 nm, and the band gap width was wider than that of pure Cu2O. The carrier concentration, photocurrent and open-circuit voltage of Cu/Cu2O increased, and the alternating current impedance obviously decreased. Compared with pure Cu2O, Cu/Cu2O with a pulse time of 85–5 s had good photocatalytic performance. The recombination of Cu allows the photogenerated electrons on the Cu2O conduction band to be quickly transferred to the Cu surface, which promotes the effective separation of photogenerated charge on the Cu2O surface. After the stability test, the degradation rate of methylene blue was almost unchanged after 5 cycles. Methylene blue degradation process studies have shown that active hydroxyl free radicals and holes play a main role. Twelve types of degradation of intermediate products were determined, and the possible paths of MB degradation were proposed. The research results could be used to provide a new way of thinking for the treatment of refractory organic compounds in water environments.
Environmental Factors Involved in the High Incidence of Bladder Cancer in an Industrialized Area in North‐Eastern Spain
Authors: Caballero José M. , Pérez-Márquez Meritxell , Gili José M. , Pereira Juan C. , Gomáriz Alba , Castillo Carlos , Martín-Baranera Montserrat
Published: July 2022

Background. Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common of those affecting the urinary tract, and a significant proportion of the cases are attributable to tobacco use as well as occupational and environmental factors. Objective. The aim of this study is to estimate the current incidence of BC in an industrialized area in northeastern Spain and to analyze its time trends over three decades from an ecological perspective. Methods. Patients diagnosed with histologically confirmed primary BC, during 2018‐2019, in an area in northeastern Spain (430,883 inhabitants) were included. Crude and age‐standardized incidence rates were estimated per 100,000 person‐years based on the number of individuals getting their first diagnosis. An exploratory time trend analysis was carried out to describe the evolution in tobacco use and occupational or environmental risk factors and the incidence of BC in the same area from the 1990s. Results. 295 patients were included (age 72.5 ± 10.3 years; 89.8% men). The crude rate was 62.6 (95% CI: 51.9–73.2) for men and 6.8 (95% CI: 3.4–10.3) for women. The annual rate adjusted to the European Standard Population was 85.3 (95% CI:75.0–95.5) for men and 7.0 (95% CI:4.5–9.5) for women. From 1994 to 2018, the prevalence of smokers decreased in men (42.3% to 30.9%) as well as in the active population working in the industry (44.36% to 22.59%). Nevertheless, the car fleet, especially diesel, has increased considerably. The annual mean concentrations of air (PM10, PM2.5, O3, and NO2) and water (nitrates, arsenic, trihalomethanes) pollutants were within the regulatory limit values, but not the maximum levels. Conclusions. The incidence of BC is one of the highest in men but not in women, despite the decrease in tobacco use and industrial activity (perhaps related to high latency after carcinogen exposure cessation) and despite the control of environmental pollution (the maximum regulatory limit probably needs to be lowered). Finally, a similar exposure to the carcinogen would result in a gender‐specific differential incidence.
Analysis of Concentration in English Education Learning Based on CNN Model
Authors: He Kun , Gao Kun
Published: July 2022

Obtaining the learning behavior of terminal learners solves the problem of inability to understand students’ concentration in class. When learners learn English, they can obtain learning concentration to understand learners’ concentration, in order to analyze the influence coefficient of various learning behavior data on learning concentration. This paper will design and implement a terminal data acquisition tool to collect the device perception information in the learning environment of learners, and capture the learner’s touch screen operation data based on the virtual simulation experiment, and then use the improved neural network to process the collected terminal sensor data for learning behavior. We identify and obtain the learner’s learning activity state, and finally fit the learner’s behavioral data weight through a linear regression equation, monitor the learner’s learning state, and explore the influencing factors of learning concentration.
Application and Design of Drama Popular Science Education Using Augmented Reality
Authors: Tang Xin
Published: July 2022

In the 21st century, the research and development of all kinds of intelligent equipment have become an increasingly important part of people’s daily life. Various emerging technologies are developed based on hardware equipment, such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), which fully utilize computer vision technology to accomplish various purposes. Nowadays, it is difficult to carry out opera popular science education in China. Because opera teaching is boring and some traditional opera knowledge is obscure and difficult to understand, it cannot arouse students’ interest in learning. Therefore, this article uses VR technology to stimulate students’ learning initiative and complete drama science popularization education with rich and colorful teaching means. It first briefly introduces the concept and characteristics of AR technology. After that, it establishes an AR-enabled drama application as an education model based on the statistical entity recognition algorithm and designs the drama popular science education app. Besides, it completes the drama animation design, character modeling design, drama scene design, logo pattern design, and animation design. Finally, from the two points of students’ mastery of opera and learning opera knowledge, the actual use effect of this application is analyzed. The results show that this application can help students better learn opera: 42% of students can better master opera singing, 23% of students say they can master other types of opera, 18% of students can better learn and master opera movements and posture, and 10% and 7% of students can master a lot of opera knowledge.
Unpacking the Perceived Personal and Contextual Conditions Shaping English Language Teachers’ Professional Identity Formation in Secondary Schools
Authors: Mulu Yaregal , Tadesse Adinew , Wolyie Jeylan , Admasu Abera
Published: July 2022

It is crucial for teachers to become aware of and understand their professional identity as this has implications for their day-to-day professional practices. Teachers who are more aware of their professional identities are more willing to endure thwarting contextual conditions by adjusting their identities. However, presently most teachers seem to overlook their professional identity while they often tend to associate the poor quality education with a lack of external resources alone. The aim of this study was thus to create this awareness in teachers by unveiling how the perceived personal and contextual conditions constitute the professional identities of experienced EFL teachers working in secondary schools. In this study, teacher professional identity is conceptualized and understood within the theory of symbolic interactionism. Data were generated through a one-on-one semi-structured in-depth interview with two EFL teachers (Fazi and Tare). Thematic analysis was used across participants within a qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological frame. The findings revealed that the participating teachers’ professional identity is a multidimensional and dynamic reality shaped by personal agency and daunting contextual conditions that were represented through two pertinent themes: challenges and teacher emotions. Challenges and emotions that the participating teachers have experienced are found to be the constituents that come into play in the formation of their professional identity. The findings also revealed that the experienced teachers’ professional identity is both a coconstructed and negotiated process, which unveils itself not only by compliance to external pressures (e.g., tolerating student misbehaviors) but also by repelling and adapting the external demands that are made available to them (e.g., politics-oriented assignment of school principals, inappropriate curriculum contents). This article thus suggests that more attention should be paid to the implicit messages (revealed through challenges) that all stakeholders convey to the teaching personnel.
A Novel Description of Some Concepts in Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Graph with an Application
Authors: Qiang Xiaoli , Kosari Saeed , Chen Xiang , Talebi Ali Asghar , Muhiuddin Ghulam , Sadati Seyed Hossein
Published: July 2022

Covering, matching, and domination are the basic concepts in graphs that play a decisive role in the properties of graphs. Calculating these parameters is one of the difficulties in fuzzy graphs when it is not possible to accurately determine the values of the vertices of a graph. The interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy graph (IVIFG) is one of the fuzzy graphs which can play an important role in solving uncertain problems in different sciences such as psychology, biological sciences, medicine, and social networks. The necessity of using a range of value instead of one number caused them to help researchers in optimizing and saving time and cost. In this study, we introduce some of the specific concepts such as covering, matching, and paired domination using strong arc or effective edges by giving appropriate examples. In addition, we have calculated strong node covering number, strong independent number, and other parameters of complete bipartite IVIFGs with several examples. Finally, we have presented an application of IVIFG in social networks.
Entity Relationship Modeling for IoT Data Fusion Driven by Dynamic Detecting Probe
Authors: Tao Ye , Guo Shuaitong , Li Hui , Hou Ruichun , Ding Xiangqian , Chu Dianhui
Published: July 2022

To solve the problem of integrating and fusing scattered and heterogeneous data in the process of data space construction, we propose a novel entity association relationship modeling approach driven by dynamic detecting probes. By deploying acquisition units between the business logic layer and data access layer of different applications and dynamically collecting key information such as global data structure, related data, and access logs, the entity association model for enterprise data space is constructed from three levels: schema, instance, and log. At the schema association level, a multidimensional similarity discrimination algorithm combined with semantic analysis is used to achieve the rapid fusion of similar entities; at the instance association level, a combination of feature vector-based similarity analysis and deep learning is used to complete the association matching of different entities for structured data such as numeric and character data and unstructured data such as long text data; at the log association level, the association between different entities and attributes is established by analyzing the equivalence relationships in the data access logs. In addition, to address the uncertainty problem in the association construction process, a fuzzy logic-based inference model is applied to obtain the final entity association construction scheme.
Influences of Oral Administration of Probiotics on Posthepatectomy Recovery in Patients in Child-Pugh Grade
Authors: Huang Hao , Fang Fang , Jia Zheng , Peng Wen , Wu Yi
Published: July 2022

Objective. This study is aimed at investigating the influences of oral administration of probiotics on posthepatectomy recovery in patients in Child-Pugh grade. Methods. 100 patients (50 cases in Child-Pugh A grade and 50 cases in Child-Pugh B grade) underwent hepatectomy in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were involved in this study. Subsequently, Child-Pugh A grade and Child-Pugh B grade patients were set as probiotics group (taking Clostridium butyricum,

n
=
25

) and control group (no probiotics,

n
=
25

). The general information, infectious indexes, and liver function indexes on days 1, 3, and 5 after operation were collected. Results. In Child-Pugh B grade subgroup patients, the procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, and prothrombin time of the probiotics group were statistically significantly lower than that of the control group on days 3 (

P
<
0.05

) and 5 (

P
<
0.05

) after surgery. In Child-Pugh A grade subgroup patients, there were no significant differences between probiotics group and control group after operation. Conclusion. Child-Pugh A grade subgroup patients with hepatectomy could not benefit from oral probiotics. However, Child-Pugh B grade subgroup patients taking probiotics after hepatectomy could reduce postoperative infection and accelerate recovery of liver function.
Effect of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Postoperative Stress Response of Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors
Authors: Zhao Haiping , Sun Wenhui
Published: July 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on postoperative stress response of patients suffering from gastrointestinal tumors. Methods. A total of 74 patients with gastrointestinal tumors who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from April 2019 to March 2021 were recruited and randomized into the control group and the observation group (1 : 1). The control group received routine treatment and care, while the observation group received ERAS plus integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Clinical observation was performed regarding changes in preoperative mood and postoperative pain level in each group. Changes in expression levels of plasma cortisol, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β) before and after surgery were detected in each group. Time of patients’ first fart and defecation and complications after surgery in each group were recorded. Results. The visual analogue scale (VAS) of patients in the observation group after 12 and 24 h of surgery was significantly lower than that in the control group (12 h: observation group 2.0 (1.00, 3.00) vs. control group 4.00 (3.00, 5.00),

p
=
0.001

; 24 h: observation group 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) vs. control group 3.00 (2.00, 5.00),

p
=
0.005

). The preoperative anxiety degree of patients in the two groups was not statistically significant (

p
=
0.489

). The plasma cortisol level of patients in the observation group after 24 and 48 h of surgery was significantly lower than that in the control group (24 h: observation group

426.54
±
52.15

 nmol/L vs. control group

508.32
±
41.08

 nmol/L,

p
=
0.001

; 48 h: observation group

287.19
±
44.24

 nmol/L vs. control group

362.57
±
43.46

 nmol/L,

p
=
0.001

). Patients’ postoperative CRP, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-β expression levels in the observation group were remarkably lower than those in the control group at all time points. The first postoperative defecation came earlier in the observation group than that in the control group (observation group 76.00 h (64.50, 87.50) vs. control group 89.00 h (73.50, 116.00),

p
=
0.007

). There was 1 postoperative urinary tract infection in the observation group and 1 postoperative intestinal obstruction and 1 incisional wound infection in the control group. Conclusion. ERAS with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine could effectively reduce the postoperative stress response and inflammatory reaction in patients with gastrointestinal tumors, contributing to the safe and quick recovery of gastrointestinal functions of patients.
Infrared Thermal Image Gender Classifier Based on the Deep ResNet Model
Authors: Jalil Alyaa J. , Reda Naglaa M.
Published: July 2022

Gender classification from human face images has attracted researchers over the past decade. It has great impact in different fields including defense, human-computer interaction, surveillance industry, and mobile applications. Many methods and techniques have been proposed depending on clear digital images and complex feature extraction preprocessing. However, most recent critical real systems use thermal cameras. This paper has the novelty of utilizing thermal images in gender classification. It proposes a unique approach called IRT_ResNet that adopts residual network (ResNet) model with different layer configurations: 18, 50, and 101. Two different datasets of thermal images have been leveraged to train and test these models. The proposed approach has been compared with convolutional neural network (CNN), principal component analysis (PCA), local binary pattern (LBP), and scale invariant feature transform (SIFT). The experimental results show that the proposed model has higher overall classification accuracy, precision, and F-score compared to the other techniques.
Government Structure, Political Connection, and Enterprise Resource Acquisition of Multidimensional Environmental Impact: An Empirical Study Based on the Structural Equation Model
Authors: Lv Qiuying , Chen Chen
Published: July 2022

Preferential access to scarce resources can bring competitive advantages and better performance to enterprises. However, the existing literature has a relatively single research path on the influencing factors of enterprise resource access, which has lack of sufficient research from the perspective of multidimensional environment. In particular, as an important factor affecting enterprises’ access to external resources, few studies have given empirical results on the impact of political factors such as government structure on enterprise resource access. Preferential access to scarce resources can bring competitive advantages and better performance to enterprises. However, the existing literature has a relatively single research path on the influencing factors of enterprise resource access, which lacks sufficient research from the perspective of multidimensional environment. In particular, as an important factor affecting enterprises’ access to external resources, few studies have given empirical results on the impact of political factors such as government structure on enterprise resource access. Through the discussion of multidimensional environmental factors, this paper can provide theoretical reference for the reform of government institutions and the establishment of good political relations between enterprises and the government. Focusing on the multidimensional environment of government structure, political relations, and enterprise resource acquisition, this paper takes 129 enterprises in Central China as samples and uses the structural equation model to empirically verify the relationship between the formalization of government structure, liaison mechanism, decentralization, and enterprise resource acquisition, especially the easing effect of political relations. The results show that the formalization of government structure is promoting enterprises to obtain policy resources and financial resources; the liaison mechanism helps enterprises to obtain financial resources and market resources; decentralization has a significant positive impact on enterprises’ access to policy resources and market resources; and political connection magnifies the positive effect of government structure on enterprise resource acquisition, but there are differences in different dimensions.
Research on Three-Phase Saturation Distribution Based on Microfluidic Visualization Experiment: A Case Study of Ling Xin Mining Area
Authors: Hu Xiaolong , Huang Hui , Song Xidong , He Hao , Li Xiaolong , Gao Jun , Zhou Guanghua , Wu Shaoxue , Kong Guocai , Huang Xiangming
Published: July 2022

Flow characteristics and phase distribution of concentrated brine storage in mining area have been core factors linking to the leakage risk assessment and ecological evaluation. Notably, saturation plays a crucial role in impacting the flow characteristics and distribution of brine, while the existence of oil left by mining machines and original reservoir and gas produced from coal bed gas and air has complicated the issue. In this work, we conducted the microfluidic visualization experiments to reveal the saturation distribution during brine storage in mining area. We applied machine learning model to extract saturation data from experimental images with over 95% accuracy. Eventually, we found that the existence of gas significantly impacts on the saturation distribution in micropores accounting for more than 80% contribution. We clarified that the gas production rate of median 200 μL/min impacts the least on saturation variation. Results in this research are of significance for deeper comprehension on three-phase saturation characteristics of concentrated brine storage in mining area.
Emergent Anthropometric Indices in Differential Prediction of Prehypertension and Hypertension in Mexican Population: Results according to Age and Sex
Authors: Zaragoza-García Oscar , Gutiérrez-Pérez Ilse Adriana , Delgado-Floody Pedro , Parra-Rojas Isela , Jerez-Mayorga Daniel , Campos-Jara Christian , Guzmán-Guzmán Iris Paola
Published: July 2022

Background. Hypertension (HTN) is recognized as a significant public health problem in the world. The objective of this study is to evaluate emergent anthropometric indices as predictors of preHTN and HTN according to age and sex in a sample of Mexican adults. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,150 participants aged 18–80 years old. Anthropometric data and blood pressure measurements were analyzed. Comparisons between men and women were carried out by independent analysis. Cutoff points for each emergent anthropometric index were obtained using the values’ upper second and third tertiles. Logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristics curve analyses were used to assess the association and the predictive value of several emergent anthropometric indices with the presence of preHTN and HTN. Results. The prevalence of preHTN and HTN was 29.74% and 14.35%, respectively. In a logistic regression analysis adjusted by age and sex, the body roundness index (BRI) (OR = 2.08,

p
<
0.001

) and conicity index (CI) (OR = 1.37,

p
=
0.044

) were associated with preHTN, while CI (OR = 2.47,

p
<
0.001

) and waist to height squared (W/Ht2) (OR = 2.19,

p
<
0.001

) were associated with HTN. Furthermore, in both sexes, BRI was the main predictor of preHTN (AUC: 0.634 and 0.656, respectively). Particularly, according to sex and age range, the predictive emergent anthropometric indices in men were the body shape index (ABSI) and waist to height cubic (W/Ht3) (AUC = 0.777 and 0.771, respectively), whereas in women, the predictors were CI and ABSI (AUC = 0.737 and 0.729, respectively). In men ≤40 years old, central body fat indices were predictors of preHTN and HTN, but in men >40 years old, the predictor indices were W/Ht3 and W/Ht2. In women ≤40 years, the pulse mass index (PMI) was the best main predictor (AUC = 0.909) of HTN. Conclusion. CI, PMI, W/Ht3, W/Ht2, and ABSI could represent differential predictors of preHTN and HTN between men and women according to age range.
Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Extracts from Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica
Authors: Sapkota Basanta Kumar , Khadayat Karan , Sharma Kabita , Raut Bimal Kumar , Aryal Dipa , Thapa Bijaya Bahadur , Parajuli Niranjan
Published: July 2022

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of high blood sugar levels which leads to various chronic health-related complications. The digestive enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase play a major role in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose; hence, inhibiting these enzymes is considered an important strategy for the treatment of diabetes. Medicinal plants such as Bergenia ciliata, Mimosa pudica, and Phyllanthus emblica are commonly used in traditional remedies due to their numerous health benefits. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals as well as TPC and TFC contents in these plant extracts along with their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The ethyl acetate extracts of selected plants have shown higher TPC and TFC contents. The aqueous extract of B. ciliata (IC50: 16.99 ± 2.56 μg/mL) and ethyl acetate extract of P. emblica (IC50: 11.98 ± 0.36 μg/mL) and M. pudica (IC50: 21.39 ± 3.76 μg/mL) showed effective antioxidant activities. Furthermore, ethyl acetate extract of B. ciliata showed significant inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 38.50 ± 1.32 μg/mL and 3.41 ± 0.04 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, secondary metabolites of these medicinal plants can be repurposed as effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes.
Research on Fuzzy Control Method of Automobile Antilock Braking System
Authors: Fu Qiang
Published: July 2022

The automobile Antilock Braking System (ABS) can prevent the wheel from locking by automatically adjusting the brake pressure at a high speed during emergency braking. While improving the braking effect of the car, it can also keep the steering ability of the car and ensure the safety of passengers. The automobile braking process has a strong nonlinearity and uncertainty, so exploring a simple and reliable control strategy is the focus of current research. Based on this, this paper proposes a variable-domain fuzzy proportional integral differential (PID) control strategy using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to iteratively find the optimal theoretical domain. First, the PSO strategy is used to obtain the optimal regulation parameters. Then, the dynamic antiinterference ability of the control system is guaranteed by the variable theory domain fuzzy PID control, and the PID parameters and variable theory domain expansion factor are optimized by the PSO to increase the utilization degree of fuzzy rules initially set. Finally, compared with the traditional control strategy, the simulation and real vehicle test prove that the proposed system can significantly improve the control accuracy of abs. The proposed system has the advantages of small overshoot, short adjustment time, strong antiinterference ability, and practicability, which greatly improves the tracking performance of the ABS.
Repair of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head with Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell Composite with New Nanomaterial
Authors: Zhu Hanxiao , Hu Bin , Zhang Xiangfeng , Zhou Chenhe , Wang Cong
Published: July 2022

This study was aimed at researching the effect of adipose‐derived stem cell (ADSC) composite with new nanomaterials on repairing osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Nanophase hydroxyapatite/collagen bone material was composited with ADSCs to form a new nanobone material. 24 bone defect rabbits were divided into S1 group (implanted with ADSC composite with nanophase hydroxyapatite/collagen bone material 14 days after modelling), S2 group (implanted with nanophase hydroxyapatite/collagen bone material), and S3 group (simple models). HE staining was used to measure the percentage area of trabecular bone and bone mineral density in rabbit femoral tissue, the load strength of femoral head was measured by orthopedic biomechanical tester, and the number of FVII‐Ag‐positive cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. There were 8 rabbit models in each group. ADSCs showed black nodules after alkaline phosphatase staining, which was a positive reaction. The OD value of ADSC cells showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The growth rate of ADSC cells was relatively slow in 1‐4 days, the growth rate was significantly accelerated in 4‐6 days, and the growth inhibition period was entered after 6 days. After hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) staining, many scattered bone trabecular structures and bone marrow tissues were found in the rabbits in the S1 group. The nanomaterials were still observed in the rabbits in the S2 group after surgery, and large sheets of bone trabecula appeared with the formation of medullary cavity partially. The bone marrow tissues of the rabbits in the S3 group disappeared partially after surgery, and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells and capillaries appeared with many scattered bone trabeculae. The rabbits in the S1 group had significantly higher trabecular bone percentage area and bone mineral density (59.76 ± 6.23; 0.141 ± 0.015 g/cm2) than the S2 group (42.51 ± 7.03; 0.113 ± 0.008 g/cm2), and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The postoperative load strength of rabbits in group S1 was significantly higher than that in group S2, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). ADSC composite with the new nanomaterial had a good repairing effect on ONFH.
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma with Functioning Stroma and Associated Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Desimpel Fabian , Noël Jean-Christophe , Verset Laurine , Sirtaine Nicolas , Buxant Frédéric
Published: July 2022

We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with a large pelvic mass and postmenopausal bleeding, associated with hyperestrogenism. A pelvic MRI shows the presence of a large mass of 12.6 cm originating from the right ovary without signs of metastasis. A total abdominal hysterectomy with unilateral salpingooophorectomy was performed, knowing the patient underwent a left salpingooophorectomy decades ago. The pathological findings showed an ovarian clear cell carcinoma (pT1A) with associated endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. There is convincing evidence that the production of estrogen is located in the activated ovarian stroma. This supports the view that functioning stroma of ovarian cancer can lead to hyperestrogenism and eventually endometrial cancer.
An Assistant Teaching System of English Creative Writing Based on Semantic Mining
Authors: Zhang Yu
Published: July 2022

To enhance students’ English writing ability, English creative writing has become a common course offered by colleges and universities. English reference is an indispensable tool for creative English writing. How to choose appropriate English references is an important guarantee to complete good work. Therefore, this paper proposes a Deep Semantic Mining-based Recommendation (DSMR) algorithm for English writing reference selection and recommendation to assist the completion of high-quality English creative writing works. The model can extract user features and document attributes more accurately by deeply mining semantic information of literature content and user needs, so as to achieve more accurate recommendations. First, the Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) pretraining model is adopted to process literature content and user requirement documents. Through in-depth mining of user characteristics and literature attributes, the problems of data sparsity and cold start of items are effectively alleviated. Then, the forward long short-term memory (LSTM) network was used to focus on the changes in user preferences over time, resulting in more accurate recommendations. The experimental results show that the use of heterogeneous information can significantly improve the recommendation performance, and the additional use of user attribute information can also improve the recommendation performance. Compared with other benchmark models, the recommendation quality of this model is greatly improved.
Modeling and Thermodynamic Analysis of Solar Collector Cogeneration for Residential Building Energy Supply
Authors: Smaisim Ghassan F. , Abed Azher M. , Hadrawi Salema K. , Shamel Ali
Published: July 2022

Concerns about limited energy resources and environmental problems are growing. One of the solutions to increase energy efficiency is to produce it sparsely. In this regard, cogeneration systems are of particular importance. The home sector is one of the most consumed sectors due to the potential of solar radiation in this country, a system of simultaneous generation of electricity and heat for the home sector has been proposed, and modeling operations have been performed on the proposed system. The results show that the proposed system is capable of supplying more than 85% of hot water demand and annual production of 316.36 kWh of electricity.
Efficacy of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients with Lung Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tao Xin , Zhou Qiang , Rao Zhiyong
Published: July 2022

Background. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer can lead to a series of problems such as malnutrition and inflammatory reaction. Some studies have shown that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could improve malnutrition and regulate inflammatory reaction in these patients, but no relevant meta-analysis exists. Methods. We systematically searched randomized controlled trials of ω-3 PUFAs in the adjuvant treatment of lung cancer in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases. Relevant outcomes were extracted, and we pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) using a random or fixed-effects model. The risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook (version 15.1). The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results. A total of 7 studies were included. The SMDs (95% CI) of body weight change, albumin change, energy intake, and protein intake at the end of intervention were 1.15 (0.50, 1.80), 0.60 (0.11, 1.09), 0.39 (−0.10, 0.89), and 0.27 (−0.04, 0.58), respectively. The SMDs (95% CI) of CRP change and TNF-α change were −3.44 (−6.15, −0.73) and −1.63 (−2.53, −0.73), respectively. Conclusions. ω-3 PUFAs can improve nutritional status and regulate indicators of inflammation in patients with lung cancer undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study was registered in the PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022307699).
A Novel Necroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zheng Yixin , Xu Jie , Lin Jiexiang , Lin Yuan
Published: July 2022

Backgrounds. Osteosarcoma (OS) is easy to metastasis. Necroptosis-related long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) (NRlncRNA) plays a vital role in the tumorigenesis of many malignant tumors. Nonetheless, there have been few studies investigating the relations between NRlncRNA and OS. During the investigation, NRlncRNAs in OS were confirmed and characterized and their relationships with prognoses were investigated. Methods. NRlncRNAs were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) OS expression data and clinical-pathological information. First, univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analyses were used to screen for prognostic-related NRlncRNAs. Second, multivariate regression analyses were used to establish a prognostic nomogram for predicting individual survival probability. Survival analyses demonstrated that high-risk patients (HRPs) had a poor prognosis. In addition, gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) were used to identify gene function in high- and low-risk groups based on the survival mode. Results. The 7 NRlncRNAs (AC004812.2, AC022915.1, AC073073.2, AC090559.1, AL512330.1, DDN-AS1, and SENCR) were shown to have a distinct difference and were used to construct an NRlncRNA signature. Using the signature as a risk score was an independent factor for OS patients. The signature divided OS patients into the high- and low-risk groups. Furthermore, the seven lncRNAs were significantly enriched in cell migration and metabolism. Conclusions. The 7 NRlncRNA survival models have the potential to serve as therapeutic targets and molecular biomarkers for patients with OS, as well as to precisely predict OS prognoses.
Smartphone Application for Celiac Patients: Assessing Its Effect on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Nikniaz Zeinab , Namvar Zahra Akbari , Shirmohammadi Masood , Maserat Elham
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Considering the lack of inclusive Persian application for celiac patients that covers all aspects of the GFD, we developed a Persian-language application for patients with CD and assessed the effectiveness of a three-month educational intervention delivered via smartphone application compared with standard care on gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) score in patients with celiac disease. Methods. In the present parallel randomized controlled clinical trial, 60 patients with CD were assigned randomly to receive education through a smartphone application (

n
=
30

) or conventional clinical education (

n
=
30

). The patients were asked to use it for getting the required information for three months. We assessed the gastrointestinal symptoms using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) questionnaire at baseline and three months after interventions. The GSRS total score, celiac disease GSRS (CD-GSRS) score, abdominal pain, reflux, diarrhea, constipation, and indigestion scores were calculated. Results. Out of 60 randomized patients, 58 patients completed the study. In comparison to baseline, the mean score of CD-GSRS score (

p
=
0.001

), and indigestion subscore (

p
<
0.001

) were significantly decreased in the intervention group. The results of the between-group comparisons showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups only in the mean score of indigestion (

p
=
0.002

). Conclusion. According to the results, using a smartphone application for providing information to patients with celiac disease had a significant positive effect on indigestion symptoms compared with routine clinic education. Trial Registration. This trial is registered with the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT code: IRCT20170117032004N2; trial registry date: 2019.6.26).
Severe Esophageal Stricture Post Accidental Corrosive Substance Ingestion: A Case Report of Balloon Endoscopic Dilation
Authors: Doya Leen Jamel , Naamah Maria , Mansour Hanin Ahmed , Ibrahim Ali , Omran Ammar
Published: July 2022

Corrosive substance ingestion is a very serious home accident, mostly common in developing countries. It frequently causes esophageal burns in the acute stage and esophageal stricture, stenosis, and even cancer in the chronic stage. Severe cases of caustic esophagitis may require esophageal replacement. We describe a case of balloon endoscopy dilation in a two-year-old girl with a severe stricture of the esophagus resulting from accidental ingestion of a corrosive substance (strong alkaline liquid) which helped the patient preserve the esophagus and prevent esophageal replacement. We describe the clinical complication and development during the treatment.
The HBV Specially-Related Long Noncoding RNA HBV-SRL Involved in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Cunzhen , Lu Lei , Xin Haibei , Zhang Minfeng , Ding Zhiwen , Li Qiaomei , Chen Kuang , Hu Minggen , Liu Shupeng , Li Nan
Published: July 2022

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major risk factors for HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) occurrence with a diverse role in the pathogenesis of HCC. More works need to be performed to elucidate a more thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms involving in HBV-induced HCC, although some mechanisms such as genome integration have been reported. In the present study, aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were identified between HCC tumor tissues with or without HBV infection. Among these molecules, HBV specially-related long noncoding RNA (HBV-SRL) was further found to correlate with poor prognosis and a shorter overall survival time in HCC patients with HBV infection. Additionally, HBV-SRL was found function as oncogene by upregulating the NF-κB2 expression. These data suggest that HBV infection altered gene expression pattern in liver cells which contributed to HBV-related HCC development, and HBV-SRL may serve as a new molecular marker or potential therapeutic target of HBV-related HCC.