bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finitely generated subgroups of free groups as formal languages and
their cogrowth
Authors: Darbinyan Arman , Grigorchuk Rostislav , Shaikh Asif
Published: November 2021

For finitely generated subgroups $H$ of a free group $F_m$ of finite rank
$m$, we study the language $L_H$ of reduced words that represent $H$ which is a
regular language. Using the (extended) core of Schreier graph of $H$, we
construct the minimal deterministic finite automaton that recognizes $L_H$.
Then we characterize the f.g. subgroups $H$ for which $L_H$ is irreducible and
for such groups explicitly construct ergodic automaton that recognizes $L_H$.
This construction gives us an efficient way to compute the cogrowth series
$L_H(z)$ of $H$ and entropy of $L_H$. Several examples illustrate the method
and a comparison is made with the method of calculation of $L_H(z)$ based on
the use of Nielsen system of generators of $H$.
A fibering theorem for 3-manifolds
Authors: Sahattchieve Jordan A.
Published: November 2021

An erratum to this article is posted at
https://gcc.episciences.org/page/errata
This paper generalizes results of M. Moon on the fibering of certain compact
3-manifolds over the circle. It also generalizes a theorem of H. B. Griffiths
on the fibering of certain 2-manifolds over the circle.
Plans and Interventions of South African Grade 1 Educators During the 2020 Lockdown Period
Authors: Grobler Annemie
Published: November 2021

The extended lockdown in 2020 found South African educators employing innovative strategies to teach and assess Foundation Phase learners. Educators had to make do with reduced hours in the classroom and experienced new challenges in delivering curriculum content to learners that had barely grown accustomed to the formal classroom setup. Empirical research attempted to identify the plans and approaches used by grade 1 educators. The findings may indicate best practices as experienced in this time and help to inform the approach taken during future repetitions of extraordinary circumstances. A theoretical and conceptual framework based on the current constructivist approach adopted by the Curriculum Assessment and Policy Statement (CAPS) guided the empirical research and informed the construction of the questionnaire. The key findings were themed into strategies for presenting teaching and learning, communication, and the impact on schooling.  Findings were compared to the premises of the theoretical framework and conclusions drawn. It was noted that educators were hesitant to move their schooling entirely to the virtual learning platform and eager to return to the school environment. Various obstacles posed by the digital divide were flagged as threats to future situations and the involvement of parents was emphasized. The resilience of educators to continue to ply their trade, and their belief in the indomitable spirit of children, may offer conducive circumstances for future innovations in education.
ETUDE DE L’ÉVOLUTION DE LA VÉGÉTATION : CAS DU DÉPARTEMENT DE BAMBEY (SENEGAL)
Authors:   Equipe de recherche efficacité et systèmes énergétiques, Université Alioune Diop de Bambey, MANE Samba Guorgui , MBAYE Modou , FAYE Mactar ,   Laboratoire de Télédétection Appliquée, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, FAYE Gayane
Published: November 2021

Le changement climatique a pour principale conséquence l'accélération et l'accentuation de la sécheresse en Afrique au sud du Sahara. Cet article étudie l'évolution de la sécheresse dans le département de Bambey au Sénégal ces dernières années. Dans cette étude, les données de la pluviométrie, de l'humidité du sol et du NDVI sont des données satellitaires. Le logiciel libre R a été utilisé pour traiter et visualiser les données. À partir du NDVI statistique, l'Indice de Condition de la Végétation (VCI) du département de Bambey a été déterminé de 2001 à 2019. Sur cette période, les dynamiques de la pluviométrie de l'humidité du sol et du VCI ont été analysées. À partir du NDVI spatial, la cartographie du VCI a été réalisée pour les saisons sèche et pluvieuse des années 2016 et 2017. Les résultats révèlent globalement que les conditions de la végétation sont assez bonnes pendant la saison des pluies avec une évolution positive de l’indice de végétation entre 2001 et 2013 suivie d’une légère baisse. L'analyse statistique du VCI montre que le département de Bambey est soumis à une sécheresse très sévère pendant la saison sèche. Cette situation évolue vers une très faible sécheresse en plein hivernage. L'analyse spatiale du VCI montre que le niveau de gravité de la sécheresse n'est pas uniforme dans tout le département de Bambey.
Análise de marcadores tumorais no município de Serrinha-Ba/Brasil
Authors: De Jesus Teixeira Silva Ivaneide , Rodrigues Elielson , Lázaro L. Ribas José , De O. Costa Neto Antônio
Published: November 2021

O câncer é uma das causas de maior mortalidade e morbidade em todo o mundo, sendo caracterizado como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. Por isso existe uma necessidade premente em identificar marcadores tumorais específicos para auxiliar no diagnóstico e evitar a recidiva do câncer. Estes marcadores tumorais são componentes celulares, estruturais e bioquímicos que conseguem definir alterações celulares e moleculares associadas à conversão de malignidade. Idealmente, um marcador tumoral deveria elevar-se no sangue somente quando ocorresse a presença de tumores e não quando o individuo apresentasse alguma outra doença. O valor clínico para qualquer marcador tumoral sempre dependerá de sua sensibilidade, especificidade, bem como de sua aplicação clínica. Marcadores tumorais conhecidos atualmente não são suficientemente sensíveis para serem utilizados na triagem populacional ou para diagnostico primário de câncer porque nem todos os tumores são produtores eficientes de marcadores. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar as tendências das alterações nos valores séricos dos marcadores tumorais biológicos (AFP, AC 19.9, CEA) em 200 indivíduos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), que frequentam a unidade laboratorial de saúde pública (Laboratório Municipal de Referência Regional/Lacen Serrinha) do município de Serrinha-BA com idade entre 30 e 70 anos e que residam na mesma cidade. O marcador tumoral AFP e o CA19.9, foram os que apresentaram maior percentual de elevação na população em estudo, estando em conformidade com literatura consultada.
MODULATION INSTABILITY IN TWO COMPONENT BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE WITH RELATIVE COMPONENT MOTION
Authors: Ivashin A.P. , Marinenko E.D.
Published: November 2021

The development of modulation instability in a spatially homogeneous two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), in which the interacting components move through each other at a relative speed, is investigated. It is shown that nonlinear dynamics, leading to modulation instability, is determined by both the values of the constant interaction and the relative velocity between the components. The maximum oscillation increment is found and the limits of the existence of modulation instability in the space of wave numbers are determined.
THE ATOMIC-MOLECULAR PROCESSES IN A HYDROGEN PLASMA AT INITIAL STAGE OF A DISCHARGE
Authors: Yuferov V.B. , Skibenko E.I. , Tkachov V.I. , Katrechko V.V. , Svichkar A.S.
Published: November 2021

For 0-dimensional the task of a hydrogen plasma formation at initial stage of a charge is considered. For these conditions the dynamics of atomic and molecular ions density and energy balance in a hydrogen plasma are considered.
Podcasting as an Alternative Method of Social Research
Authors: Jati Rocky Prasetyo
Published: November 2021

This study examines the use of podcasting as a method in social research. The development of information and communication technology allows the use of various media in the research process. This article introduces podcasting as part of the method and not just as a research subject. Through strategies commonly used in qualitative approaches, such as ethnography, phenomenology, or case studies, podcasts can be used as innovative tools to support researchers in finding research answers and presenting research results. This article uses an example of implementing a â€œrock castâ€ podcast to illustrate this method's potential and implementation stages. Thus, this article argues that podcasts can be considered as an alternative method for social research.
Language Mistakes in The Use of Public Space Media Advertisements in Ngunut Village Tulungagung Regency
Authors: Anggraini Filisya Putri , Setyawan Bagus Wahyu
Published: November 2021

Advertising is a tool for someone to promote the goods or places of business that they offer. From the advertisements, consumers can find out what the seller sells. From the advertisements, consumers can be interested and buy the products. The Language used in advertising is very diverse because it is to attracts the attention of consumers. This advertisements research has found errors in the use of language with the descriptive qualitative method. The data were taken from banners and signboards around the Ngunut village road, Tulungagung district. From this study, it was found that there were still errors in using the language of making the advertising media in the advertising language. The errors are punctuation, word writing, and name phrase structure errors using Indonesian and English.
Literary Literacy in High School Through the Study of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Elements in the Novel Si Anak Pemberani by Tere Liye
Authors: Purwahida Rahmah , Sabila Zulfa
Published: November 2021

The analysis of this novel aims to describe the intrinsic and extrinsic elements of Si Anak Pemberani (SAP) novel by Tere Liye and the implications in learning literature in junior high school. This research used descriptive qualitative with content analysis. The results show that the theme in the SAP novel is child courage to defend her village; using a progressive plot by offering the setting of the place, time, and atmosphere; the character's personality is displayed based on dramatic technique; using the main character's viewpoint; a comparative figure of speech as language style, contradiction, satire, and affirmation; there are mandates to protect the environment and love parents, as well as extrinsic elements in the form of the author's cultural, economic, religious, and political background and values displayed.
Influencia de los videojuegos en el comportamiento de los adolescentes
Authors:   Alianza de Investigadores Internacionales S.A.S - ALININ, Rojas Nieves Dorkys Coromoto , Chirinos Araque Yamarú del Valle ,   Alianza de Investigadores Internacionales S.A.S - ALININ, Moreno López Gustavo ,   Institución Universitaria Marco Fidel Suárez-IUMAFIS, Barbera de Ramírez Nataliya ,   Alianza de Investigadores Internacionales S.A.S - ALININ, Bracho Vega Oditza Nacrina ,   Alianza de Investigadores Internacionales S.A.S - ALININ
Published: November 2021

El estudio tuvo como propósito determinar Influencia de los videojuegos en los adolescentes en el comportamiento de los adolescentes del 5to año de bachillerato Unidad Educativa Alfredo Armas Alfonzo, ya que hoy en día este tipo de entretenimiento se ha vuelto muy popular. Metodológicamente, el tipo de investigación fue descriptiva; el diseño de campo, no experimental, transeccional; la población estuvo conformada por los 55 estudiantes del 5to año de bachillerato de la unidad educativa Dr. Jesús María Portillo. Se diseñó una entrevista, la cual se aplicó vía telefónica y los resultados se vaciaron en una matriz para su posterior análisis. Se llegado a la conclusión que los adolescentes que cursan el 5to año no presentan cambios negativos en su comportamiento a consecuencia del uso de los video juegos, aun cuando sienten predilección por los videojuegos de acción los cuales tienen un alto contenido de violencia sangrienta, tampoco muestran signos de aislamiento debido a que se evidenció que comparten este gusto con amigos y conocidos.
BEST PRACTICE: PENDEKATAN “COLLA-COOP” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH MELALUI INSTRUMEN PKKS DI SDN 005 CINTA DAMAI TAHUN 2020
Authors: Supriyanto Tugiwan
Published: November 2021

Best Practices ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi kepala sekolah melalui Instrumen PKKS. Kepala Sekolah dituntut memiliki kompetensi manajerial dalam melaksanakan tupoksinya memimpin sekolah, yang setiap tahun diukur dan dinilai dengan instrumen PKKS. Tupoksi kepala sekolah sebagaimana diatur dalam Permendikbud nomor 28 tahun 2010 tentang Guru yang diberi tugas tambahan, meliputi: 1. Merencanakan Program sekolah; 2. Melaksanakan Rencana Kerja sekolah; 3. Melaksanakan pengawasan dan evaluasi; 4. Menjalankan kepemimpinan sekolah; dan 5. Menerapkan sistem informasi sekolah. Standar kompetensi kepala sekolah sebagaimana diatur dalam Permendikbud nomor 13 tahun 2007 tentang Standar Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah, melipiti 5 Kompetensi: Kepribadian, Manajerial, Kewirausahaan, Supervisi, dan Sosial. Berdasarkan regulasi Permendikbud di atas, dalam instrumen PKKS dijabarkan menjadi 6 dimensi kompetensi: 1. Kepribadian dan Sosial; 2. Kepemimpinan Pembelajaran; 3. Pengembangan Sekolah; 4. Manajemen Sumber Daya; 5. Kewirausahaan; dan 6. Supervisi Pembelajaran. Hasil PKKS pada tahun pertama perlu ditingkatkan hasilnya pada tahun kedua, dengan indikator belum terpenuhinya bukti fisik yang dituntut saat penilaian. Oleh karena itu kepala sekolah memandang perlu melakukan kegiatan bekerja sama kepada kepala sekolah lain agar tupoksi manajerial dapat berjalan sesuai standar yang telah ditetapkan. Best Practices ini dilakukan dalam rangka meningkatkan kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah menggunakan Instrumen PKKS. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam Best Practices ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1. Pengarahan dan penjelasan awal (Review) tentang tupoksi dan kompetensi Kepala Sekolah sesuai standar; 2. Bedah instrumen PKKS; 3. Workshop berbagi tugas menyusun dokumen bukti fisik yang harus dilakukan kepala sekolah, yang dilaksanakan bertahap dengan tahapan penyusunan draf, presentasi, revisi dan finalisasi yang dilakukan berdaur ulang; 4. Pengumpulan hasil draf akhir dan disitribusi komulatif, dan 5. Review program masing-masing sekolah. Pelaksanan Best Practices berjalan baik, karena setiap kepala sekolah merasa kegiatan tersebut wajib dilakukannya dan hasil produk kegiatan merasa harus dimiliki. Kendala kecil terjadi berkaitan dengan kemampauan IT kepala sekolah, namun dapat diatasi dengan baik. Hasil akhir kegiatan Best Practices ini adalah setiap kepala sekolah memiliki produk draf program sekolah dan wawasan tentang tugas manajerial seperti tuntutan instrumen PKKS, yang harus dikembangkan lebih lanjut di sekolah masing-masing.
EFEITO DE DIFERENTES PONTAS E PRESSÕES DE PULVERIZAÇÃO NA APLICAÇÃO DE CARBONATO DE CÁLCIO EM MUDAS DE CAFÉ CONILON
Authors: Soela Débora Moro , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Falqueto Antelmo Ralph , Freitas Ismael Lourenço de Jesus , Braga Priscila Conceição Souza , Simon Cátia Aparecida
Published: November 2021

A aplicação eficiente de produtos agrícolas depende de uma série de fatores, dentre eles a escolha correta da ponta de pulverização e pressão de trabalho. Objetivou-se com esse estudo, determinar qual o conjunto de pontas de pulverização e pressão de trabalho promovem a melhor cobertura em mudas de café conilon. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, três pontas de pulverização (BD 01, MGA 60º 1,0, MCP 1,5), quatro pressões de pulverização (206, 275, 344 e 413 kPa), quatro repetições e quatro plantas em cada parcela. A taxa de aplicação foi a mesma em todos os tratamentos, 100 L ha-1 e dose de 2 L ha-1 do produto utilizado. A primeira aplicação do produto foi realizada dentro do viveiro, e as posteriores, em campo após o plantio das mudas, com intervalo de sete dias entre elas. Foram realizadas análises de espectro de gotas, onde foram avaliados os parâmetros de diâmetro da mediana volumétrica (DMV), densidade de gotas (DEN) e cobertura (COB). A variável cobertura foi influenciada pela pressão em todas as pontas, conforme aumenta a pressão, melhor a porcentagem de cobertura. A ponta cone vazio MGA 60ª na pressão de 413 kPa promoveu a melhor porcentagem de cobertura do produto avaliado, portanto, melhor opção para aplicação.
ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) E A DEFINIÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS PARA APOIO A TOMADA DE DECISÃO: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Authors: Gonçalves Wellington , Rocha Alessandro Roberto , Zatta Fernando Nascimento , Santos Diego Vieira dos
Published: November 2021

Devido à sua elevada flexibilidade e ampla aplicabilidade, diferentes caminhos percorridos e pontos de vista sobre o Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) têm sido estudados extensivamente na literatura nos últimos 50 anos. No momento em que este trabalho foi escrito, não foi identificada uma análise bibliométrica sobre o estado da arte de como critérios estão sendo definidos e mensurados no uso do AHP para gestão de atividades e operações. Assim, realizamos uma revisão na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), utilizando artigos de pesquisa aplicada, publicados entre 1970 e 2020. Aspectos como citação e estrutura de publicação foram usados para organizar a realização da estima da evolução literária por meio do software Zotero. Em seguida, empregamos o software VOSviewer para mapear cocitação e coocorrência. Os resultados mostram um aumento gradual na estrutura de citação e publicação, além de usos e aplicações híbridas, destacando o AHP como um importante elemento para a academia e, também, para o avanço do conhecimento sobre auxílio à tomada de decisão. Este trabalho contribui com a ciência ao identificar práticas de uso do AHP, auxiliando diferentes interessados no tema a compreender os diversos caminhos e enfoques dados às vertentes de uso
How do the Tax Burden and the Fiscal Space in Latin America look like? Evidence through Laffer Curves
Authors: Lozano-Espitia Ignacio , Arias-Rodríguez Fernando
Published: November 2021

How much fiscal space do Latin American countries have to increase their tax burdens in the long term? This paper provides an answer through Laffer curves estimates for taxes on labor, capital, and consumption for the six largest emerging economies of the region: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. Estimates are made using a neoclassical growth model with second-generation human capital and employing data from the national accounts system for the period from 1994 to 2017. Our findings allow us to compare the recent effective tax rates on factor returns against those which would maximize the government's revenues, and therefore to derive the potential tax-related fiscal space. Results suggest that joint fiscal space on labor and capital taxes would reach 6.5% of GDP for the region, on average, and that there are important differences among the countries.
Separation of stellar properties using SDSS, 2MASS magnitudes
Authors: Сичевский С.Г.
Published: November 2021

В работе описан и апробирован на выборке размером ∼ 300 звезд теоретико-вероятностный подход, который на основе блеска в полосах ugriz и JHK s позволяет вынести суждение о значениях атмосферных характеристик звезды и полном поглощении. Подход основан на методе максимального правдоподобия с использованием поискового индекса по типу k - d дерева, для создания которого использовались результаты вычислений моделей звездных атмосфер Куруца.

We present a probability-theoretic approach to separation of stellar properties using SDSS, 2MASS magnitudes. The approach is based on the maximum likelihood method using a search index of the type k - d tree. Using synthetic photometry of Kurucz model spectra, the search index is constructed and the approach is tested on sample of ∼ 300 stars.
Effect of Vethathiri Maharishi’s Simplified Kundalini Yoga on Stress among Adolescent Girls
Authors:   SKY Research Centre, Aliyar, Pollachi, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu, India., Priya L. Shanmuga , Sundaramoorthi Dr. P. ,   SKY Research Centre, Aliyar, Pollachi, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the present study was to find out the effect of Simplified Kundalini Yoga (SKY) practices on stress among adolescent girls. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant difference in stress level among adolescent girls due to the influence of SKY practices than the control group. For achieving the purpose of the study a total of 30 adolescent girls were selected at random as samples from Government Higher Secondary school, Thiruvallur District. Adolescent girls aged between 13 and 15 years were selected at randomly and divided into an Experimental group and a Control group with 15 subjects each. The Experimental group underwent Simplified Kundalini Yogic practices in a schedule of weekly five days from Monday to Friday for six weeks. The duration of practice time for Experimental group, for first two weeks was 45 minutes, duly increasing the practice time from 45 minutes to 60 minutes during 3rd and 4th weeks and from 60 minutes to 90 minutes during 5th and 6th weeks. SKY practices include Simplified Yogic Physical Exercises, Simplified Kayakalpa Yogic Exercises, Introspection and Meditation practices. Subjects of Control group were allowed to continue with their normal day to day life routine during the Experimental period and were not given any yogic practices. Pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the training program for both the groups. Stress level was assessed with the help of Everly Girdano(1980) stress scale questionnaire which consists of statements with four options and the score ranges from 0 to 42. Lesser the score, lesser the stress level. Analyze of Co-Variance (ANCOVA) was used as a statistical tool to find out the significant differences. The statistical findings of the study revealed that the stress level of the students of Experimental group, the practitioners of Simplified Kundalini Yoga significantly decreased than the Control group. Hence the hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of confidence. The conclusion was that the SKY practices help to decrease stress level among adolescent girls.
O exercício do Comando sob a perspectiva da Gestão de Pessoas
Authors: Cordeiro Luciano
Published: November 2021

A presente obra tem por finalidade o fomento de ideias e reflexões sobre o “Exercício do Comando” em Unidades Operacionais Policiais Militares de todo Brasil, a saber: Batalhões, Companhias, Pelotões e Destacamentos Policiais-Militares , cujo pano de fundo é a Gestão de Pessoas ancorada na Teoria Geral dos Sistemas. Muito do que vou discorrer, de fato, já foi visto nos bancos acadêmicos de formação, contudo o grande debate atual é o “como fazer”, a gestão que fica por conta de cada Comandante (Oficial ou Praça), o qual será considerado também como Gestor Público. Outro aspecto relevante deste trabalho é que o assunto não tem a pretensão de se esgotar em si mesmo, muito pelo contrário, é justamente o resultado da prática das ideias aqui apresentadas que nos interessa, pois acreditamos na ajuda mútua e no crescimento coletivo, na medida dos respectivos esforços. É claro que cada Comandante, que se digne Gestor Público, tem sua marca indelével e deixará seu legado na Unidade, entretanto, considerando suas características singulares, entendo que seja possível conciliar aspectos estratégicos corporativos. Dito isto, algumas mudanças fazem-se necessárias após a assunção do Comando, a exemplo das escalas de serviço, melhorias das instalações físicas, implantação de policiamentos mais apropriados e direcionados, instruções específicas ao efetivo, tudo somado à preocupação com redução dos crimes de forma geral. Estes são apenas aspectos iniciais no exercício do comando, porém o que é para ser uma missão rotineira, comandar uma Unidade Operacional, vai muito mais além. Perceba que se trata de uma grande oportunidade para colocar em prática todo o conhecimento teórico adquirido nos bancos acadêmicos e conciliar com as experiências ao longo da carreira. Para o efetivo êxito da missão, faz-se necessário um período de adaptação, ou seja, um momento de transição entre aquele que deixa o comando e o que assume a função, mesmo com as atividades em andamento. Este período servirá para o Comandante que chega na Unidade analisar possíveis relatórios, conhecer a tropa a seu comando, reconhecer o território de circunscrição delimitado e saber de crimes na região onde servirá, além de visitar autoridades civis, militares, líderes comunitários e religiosos. A partir de então, será possível estabelecer um diagnóstico sobre a Unidade que vai comandar. O presente plano de trabalho sugere a confecção de um planejamento das ações a serem desenvolvidas, contendo metas de curto, médio e longo prazo. Utilizando-se de ferramentas próprias da Gestão de Pessoas, o que chamaremos de “Boas Práticas”, com base numa profunda análise criminal, aliada a um perfeito processo de substituição no Comando, o Gestor Público terá em mãos ferramentas poderosas para o exercício do comando.
МЕТОДИКА ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТРІЛЬЦЯ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Савчук Олександр , Явтушенко Володимир , Тіхонов Іван , Туленко Михайло , Моргунова Анна , Моргунова Альона
Published: November 2021

У статті розглянуті підходи до психологічних прийомів підготовки та досягнення психологічної готовності військовослужбовців до ведення вогню (здійснення пострілу) зі стрілецької зброї. Проведено порівняння системи базової вогневої підготовки Збройних Сил України, провідних країнах світу та місце психологічної підготовки стрільця у цьому процесі. Наведено етапи роботи інструктора з вогневої підготовки та ефективність індивідуального підходу у навчанні стрільбі та застосуванні стрілецької зброї. Запропоновано приклади та порядок психологічної підготовки для формування стійких навичок влучної стрільби, досягнення психологічної готовності і корегування помилок стрільця при стрільбі. Викладено результати проведеного експерименту, щодо втілення індивідуального підходу та способів досягнення психологічної готовності у навчання стрільбі зі стрілецької зброї. На основі проведеного аналізу запропонована методика досягнення психологічної готовності до стрільби зі стрілецької зброї, що дозволить підвищити ефективність проведення занять з вогневої підготовки, без збільшення витрат боєприпасів.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЦИТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ, БИОХИМИЧЕСКОЙ И ИММУНОФЕРМЕНТНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ АСПИРАЦИОННОГО CОДЕРЖИМОГО КИСТ МОЛОЧНЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗ
Authors: Кебало Дмитрий , Званцева Элина , Мирошникова Наталья , Пащенко Сергей , Шершнева Оксана
Published: November 2021

Цель исследования - изучить цитологические, биохимические (АЛТ, АСТ, ЛДГ, мочевой кислоты) и иммуноферментные показатели (СА-15-3, РЭА, VEGF), содержимого кист молочной железы для выбора метода и объёма оперативного лечения. У 71 при ФКБ у больных из кист молочных желез, взят материал при помощи ТАПБ . Материал после исследований, разделен на четыре группы: 1 - содержимое без пролиферативных изменений, 2- содержимое с пролиферативными изменениями ткани кисты, 3- содержимое с папилломатозными структурами, 4- в содержимом кист были обнаружены единичные раковые клетки или группы раковых клеток. Анализ исследований показал постепенное увеличения показателей в сторону четвертой группы по сравнению с первой;АЛТ увеличилось в - 2,77 раза,(207,17- 574,54);АСТ увеличилось в – 2,62 раза,(290,62 - 820,71);ЛДГ увеличилось в 2,07 раза,(758,21 - 575,18);Мочевая кислота снизилась с 4989,81 до 1267,45;VEGF увеличилось в 7,65 раза (6428,27 - 49186),СА15-3 снизился с (34322 до 17419,81)РЭА увеличилось в 12,98 раза (28,27 - 367,36).Установлена явная корреляция между цитологическими изменениями ткани эпителия выстилки кисты и биохимическими показателями содержимого кист, что свидетельствует о целесообразности применения данной методики исследования для скрининга ранних форм рака молочной железы и выборе тактики и объёма хирургического лечения.
ESTIMATION DES EFFETS MACROECONOMIQUES DE LA VOLATILITE DES COURS INTERNATIONAUX DU CACAO A L’AIDE DU MODELE VAR/VECM : SELON LE CAS DE LA COTE D’IVOIRE
Authors: Dr KOUAKOU Kouakou Paul-Alfred
Published: November 2021

L’étude examine la relation dynamique entre la volatilité du prix du cacao sur le marché international et le développement économique en Côte d’Ivoire à court et long terme. Pour atteindre ce but, une base de données allant de 1970 à 2018 a été analysée à l’aide du modèle VAR/VECM. De l’analyse, il ressort que les fluctuations des cours du cacao affectent négativement et significativement les agrégats économiques de ce pays. Ainsi, lorsque que les prix du cacao diminuent, les revenus chutent et les dépenses publiques baissent proportionnément. En somme, la volatilité des prix du cacao influence les principaux indicateurs de performances économiques que sont le produit intérieur brut, les dépenses gouvernementales, la masse monétaire, le taux de change réel et l'inflation. Dans ce contexte, des politiques économiques appropriées devraient être mises en place afin d’atténuer les effets néfastes de la volatilité des cours du cacao.
THE EXPERIENCE OF THE WORLDS LEADING COUNTRIES IN IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS AT THE PRESENT STAGE, CONTRIBUTIONS OF THIS EXPERIENCE TO THE BANKING SYSTEM OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Ayvazli Aykhan Nizami
Published: November 2021

Banks are one of the indispensable elements of the financial system. Banks are enterprises that collect free funds from large economic units and use them in economic units that need money. Although this structure initially means an intermediary service, banks focus on both the role of attracting and offering funds beyond the intermediary service. By creating new investment instruments, banks are turning people's banking activities into a more customer-oriented structure by attracting people's interest. Increased connectivity leads banks to create and offer additional services in the field of financial transactions not only locally but also between countries. On the other hand, banks also offer services such as brokerage services, guarantee services, payment and settlement services, and guarantees for foreign trade finance. Today, banks continue to provide a wide range of services under the influence of technology. However, today the wide range of banking operations allows banks to become more profitable in the products they offer.
Evaluación didáctica de los efectos de la COVID-19 en la enseñanza superior
Authors: Rodríguez Olay Lucía , Nadal Masegosa Antonio
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación se configura en una evaluación didáctica, es decir, en un análisis que pretende generar aprendizaje, de las consideraciones estudiantiles de los efectos de la COVID-19 en sus estudios de doble grado en Educación Primaria y Estudios Ingleses de la Universidad de Málaga, por lo que se contribuye a la literatura científica existente sobre la materia a través del análisis estadístico de cuestiones relativas a la comunicación, la carga de trabajo, la calidad de la docencia, la evaluación, los cambios en la educación, y la satisfacción general. Como objetivos generales se establecen, por un lado,  estudiar, a través de las citadas categorías, la influencia y repercusión que la enseñanza en línea tiene en el alumnado universitario del doble grado y, por otro lado, valorar si existe una diferencia entre los resultados de los hombres y de las mujeres, para otorgar a los datos obtenidos una pretendida potencialidad didáctica; los resultados obtenidos muestran una amplia amalgama de consideraciones que deben evaluarse para que contribuyan a la ciencia pedagógica y aporten relevancia didáctica al aprendizaje ante posibles hechos que pudieran retrotraernos a la enseñanza bimodal o directamente no presencial.
Familias vs. youtubers e instagammers. Adaptación del Alabama Parenting Questionnaire a la e la e-parentalidad en una muestra piloto
Authors: Ramírez-García Antonia , González-Fernández Natalia , Salcines-talledo Irina
Published: November 2021

La familia se enfrenta a pautas de crianza en una sociedad globalizada, líquida y multipantalla. El Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ) es uno de los instrumentos más utilizados internacionalmente para evaluar prácticas parentales y ha sido traducido a más de nueve idiomas. Este artículo describe el proceso de diseño, validación y aplicación de la adaptación de dicho cuestionario a una nueva parentalidad que desarrollan las familias en relación con los contenidos digitales transmitidos a los menores por parte de youtubers, instagrammers e influencers. Los participantes fueron cincuenta y una familias españolas. La metodología utilizada, de carácter cuantitativo, contempla la validez del contenido del cuestionario, así como la fiabilidad y validación del mismo a través del análisis de los ítems, las correlaciones de estos y el análisis factorial exploratorio global y de cada una de las escalas que lo integran (implicación parental, crianza positiva, pobre supervisión, disciplina inconsistente, disciplina apropiada y disciplina severa). Los resultados arrojan una estructura factorial acorde con el modelo teórico y el propuesto en otras investigaciones. La fiabilidad total del nuevo cuestionario muestra un alfa de Cronbach de .897. Por lo tanto, se presenta un nuevo instrumento válido y fiable que recoge con precisión los datos sobre las variables que integran la e-parentalidad.
La política social no contributiva en la era "Cambiemos"
Authors: Arcidiácono Pilar , Bermúdez Ángeles
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación de largo alcance sobre la política social no contributiva en Argentina. Como estrategia metodológica, combinamos el análisis de normativas, documentos institucionales y datos sobre cada una de las intervenciones (muchos de ellos solicitados bajo pedidos de acceso a información pública y proporcionados especialmente para esta investigación) con un conjunto de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a funcionarios/as responsables de las políticas a lo largo de las diferentes gestiones de gobierno
TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL DO HIV: O PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO NO CUIDADO A GESTANTE SOROPOSITIVO
Authors: Franco Nicoly Fernandes , Ribeiro Tiago Pacheco Brandão
Published: November 2021

Estudo de revisão da literatura que objetivou realizar uma análise sobre a atuação da enfermagem à gestante portadora do HIV frente ao aconselhamento no pré-natal. A metodologia trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de abordagem qualitativa, com as pesquisas realizadas na base de dados online Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e em seus sites afiliados. Incluíram-se publicações divulgadas entre 2017 e 2021, com texto completo, artigos, monografias e teses nos idiomas português e inglês, disponíveis de forma gratuita, que atendessem até três descritores utilizados. Foram excluídos trabalhos com data inferior a 2017, também àquelas que apresentavam apenas resumos e citações com idiomas diferentes dos citados anteriormente. O estudo foi composto pela análise de 10 publicações. Os resultados mostram o papel do enfermeiro está ligado ao cuidado as gestantes soropositivas em relação a transmissão vertical (TV), ou seja, o cuidado no pré-natal das gestantes soropositivas.  Conclui-se que o enfermeiro contribui bastante para a educação em saúde, solicitando e avaliando os possíveis sinais e sintomas do HIV precocemente na gestante, com sua busca ativa e minuciosa nas consultas de pré-natal.
Influence of convection on the upper tropospheric O3 and NOx budget in southeastern China
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yin Yan , van der A Ronald , Eskes Henk , van Geffen Jos , Li Yunyao , Kuang Xiang , Lapierre Jeff L. , Chen Kui , Zhen Zhongxiu , Hu Jianlin , He Chuan , Chen Jinghua , Shi Rulin , Zhang Jun , Ye Xingrong , Chen Hao
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Thunderstorms can significantly influence the air composition via strong updraft and lightning nitrogen oxides (LNOx). In this study, the ozonesondes and TROPOMI nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations for two cases are combined with model to investigate the effects of typical strong convection on vertical redistribution of air pollutants in Nanjing, southeastern China. The ozonesonde observations show higher O3 and water vapor mixing ratios in the upper troposphere (UT) after convection, indicating the strong updraft transporting lower-level airmass into the UT, and the possible downward O3-rich air near the top of UT over the convective period. During the whole convection life cycle, the UT O3 production is driven by the chemistry (> 87 %) and reduced by the LNOx (−40 %). Sensitivity tests demonstrate that neglecting LNOx in standard TROPOMI NO2 products causes overestimated air mass factors over fresh lightning regions and the opposite for outflow and aged lightning areas. Therefore, a new high-resolution retrieval algorithm is applied to estimate the LNOx production efficiency. Our work shows the demand for high-resolution modeling and satellite observations on LNOx emissions of both active and dissipated convection, especially small-scale storms.
In-situ observation of warm atmospheric layer and the contribution of suspended dusts over the Tarim Basin
Authors: Zhou Chenglong , Liu Yuzhi , Zhu Qingzhe , He Qing , Zhao Tianliang , Yang Fan , Huo Wen , Yang Xinghua , Ali Mamtimn
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Basing on the radiosonde observations in the spring and summer during 2016–2017, an anomalous warm atmospheric layer is verified and the contribution of suspended dusts over the Tarim Basin (TB) is quantified. The result indicates a warm atmospheric layer between 300 hPa and 500 hPa with an average intensity of 2.53 K and 1.39 K in the spring and summer, respectively. Over the TB, where the world’s second largest moving desert, the Taklimakan Desert (TD) is distributed, large amounts of dust particles are emitted from the TD and suspended over the TB. Using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) data, we found the dusts can be lifted to the upper atmospheric layer between 2.5 and 5.5 km above mean sea level over the TB. Consequently, the suspended dusts can exert a maximum heating effect of approximately +0.45 K and +0.25 K in spring and summer, respectively. The contribution of dust heating to the anomalous warm atmospheric layer over the TB is 13.77 % and 10.25 % in spring and summer, respectively. In view of the topographical feature, the TB is adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau (TP) which acts as an elevated heat source in spring and summer. The warm atmospheric layer over the TB seems a northward extension of Tibet heat source, the concept of which is proposed in this study. Such a northward extension of the elevated heating by the Tibetan Plateau could induce some profound impacts on the regional climate, especially on the western section of the “Silk Road Economic Belt”, and therefore demands more attention.
A simulation chamber for absorption spectroscopy in planetary atmospheres
Authors: Snels Marcel , Stefani Stefania , Boccaccini Angelo , Biondi David , Piccioni Giuseppe
Published: November 2021

Abstract. A novel simulation chamber, PASSxS (Planetary Atmosphere Simulation System for Spectroscopy), has been developed for absorption measurements performed with a Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and, possibly, a cavity ring-down (CRD) spectrometer with a sample temperature ranging from 100 up to 550 K, while the pressure of the gas can be varied from 10 mbar up to
60 bar. These temperature and pressure ranges cover a significant part of the planetary atmospheres in the solar system, and the absorption chamber can thus be used to simulate planetary atmospheres of solar planets and extrasolar planets with similar physical conditions. The optical absorption path for the FTS absorption measurements is 3.2 m due to the implementation of a multi-pass setup inside the chamber.
The FTS measurements cover a wide spectral range, from the visible to the mid-infrared, with a sensitivity sufficient for medium-strength absorption bands. The FTS has been used previously to measure high-pressure atmospheres, including collision-induced absorption bands and continuum absorption at ambient temperatures. PASSxS allows the measurement of the temperature dependence of collision-induced bands and continuum absorption, which is important for both the modeling of planetary atmospheres and fundamental processes involving collisions between molecules and atoms.
Ground-based Ku-band microwave observations of ozone in the polar middle atmosphere
Authors: Newnham David , Clilverd Mark , Clark William , Kosch Michael , Verronen Pekka , Rogers Alan
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Ground based observations of 11.072 GHz atmospheric ozone (O3) emission have been made using the Ny Ålesund Ozone in the Mesosphere Instrument (NAOMI) at the UK Arctic Research Station (latitude 78°55’0” N, longitude 11°55’59” E), Spitsbergen. Seasonally averaged O3 vertical profiles in the Arctic polar mesosphere lower thermosphere region for night-time and twilight conditions in the period 15 August 2017 to 15 March 2020 have been retrieved over the altitude range 62–98 km. NAOMI measurements are compared with corresponding, overlapping observations by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite instrument. The NAOMI and SABER data are binned according to the SABER instrument 60 day yaw cycles into 3 month ‘winter’ (15 December–15 March), ‘autumn’ (15 August–15 November), and ‘summer’ (15 April–15 July) periods. The NAOMI observations show the same year-to-year and seasonal variabilities as the SABER 9.6 μm O3 data. The winter night-time (solar zenith angle, SZA ≥ 110°) and twilight (75° ≤ SZA ≤ 110°) NAOMI and SABER 9.6 μm O3 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree to within the measurement uncertainties. However, for autumn twilight conditions the SABER 9.6 μm O3 secondary maximum VMR values are higher than NAOMI over altitudes 88–97 km by 47 % and 59 % respectively in 2017 and 2018. Comparing the two SABER channels which measure O3 at different wavelengths and use different processing schemes, the 9.6 μm O3 autumn twilight VMR data for the three years 2017–19 are higher than the corresponding 1.27 μm measurements with the largest difference (58 %) in the 65–95 km altitude range similar to the NAOMI observation. The SABER 9.6 μm O3 summer daytime (SZA < 75°) mesospheric O3 VMR is also consistently higher than the 1.27 μm measurement, confirming previously reported differences between the SABER 9.6 μm channel and measurements of mesospheric O3 by other satellite instruments.
Data-based estimates of interannual sea–air CO2 flux variations 1957–2020 and their relation to environmental drivers
Authors: Rödenbeck Christian , DeVries Tim , Hauck Judith , Le Quéré Corinne , Keeling Ralph
Published: November 2021

Abstract. This study considers year-to-year and decadal variations as well as secular trends of the sea–air CO2 flux over the 1957–2020 period, as constrained by the pCO2 measurements from the SOCAT data base. In a first step, we relate interannual anomalies in ocean-internal carbon sources and sinks to local interannual anomalies in sea surface temperature (SST), the temporal changes of SST (dSST/dt), and squared wind speed (u2), employing a multi-linear regression. In the tropical Pacific, we find interannual variability to be dominated by dSST/dt, as arising from variations in the upwelling of colder and more carbon-rich waters into the mixed layer. In the eastern upwelling zones as well as in circumpolar bands in the high latitudes of both hemispheres, we find sensitivity to wind speed, compatible with the entrainment of carbon-rich water during wind-driven deepening of the mixed layer and wind-driven upwelling. In the Southern Ocean, the secular increase in wind speed leads to a secular increase in the carbon source into the mixed layer, with an estimated reduction of the sink trend in the range 17 to 42 %. In a second step, we combined the result of the multi-linear regression and an explicitly interannual pCO2-based additive correction into a “hybrid” estimate of the sea–air CO2 flux over the period 1957–2020. As a pCO2 mapping method, it combines (a) the ability of a regression to bridge data gaps and extrapolate into the early decades almost void of pCO2 data based on process-related observables and (b) the ability of an autoregressive interpolation to follow signals even if not represented in the chosen set of explanatory variables. The “hybrid” estimate can be applied as ocean flux prior for atmospheric CO2 inversions covering the whole period of atmospheric CO2 data since 1957.
A History of Open Weather in New Zealand (HOWNZ): an open access 1-km resolution monthly 1910–2019 time-series of interpolated temperature and rainfall grids with associated uncertainty
Authors: Etherington Thomas R. , Perry George L. W. , Wilmshurst Janet M.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Long time-series of weather grids are fundamental to understanding how weather affects environmental or ecological patterns and processes such as plant distributions, plant and animal phenology, wildfires, and hydrology. Ideally such weather grids should be openly available and be associated with uncertainties so that users can understand any data quality issues. We present a History of Open Weather in New Zealand (HOWNZ) that uses climatological aided natural neighbour interpolation to provide monthly 1-km resolution grids of total rainfall, mean air temperature, mean daily maximum air temperature, and mean daily minimum air temperature across New Zealand from 1910 to 2019. HOWNZ matches the best available temporal extent and spatial resolution of any open weather grids that include New Zealand, and is unique in providing associated spatial uncertainty in appropriate units of measurement. The HOWNZ weather and uncertainty grids capture the dynamic spatial and temporal nature of the monthly weather variables and the uncertainty associated with the interpolation. We also demonstrate how to quantify and visualise temporal trends across New Zealand that recognise the temporal and spatial variation of uncertainties in the HOWNZ data. The HOWNZ data is openly available at https://doi.org/10.7931/zmvz-xf30 (Etherington et al., 2021).