bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protección inducida por una cepa atenuada de Salmonella Typhimurium en cuyes
Authors: Changanaquí Christian , Carhuaricra Dennis , Chang María , Rosadio Raúl , Maturrano Lenin , Luna Luis
Published: December 2023

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la capacidad protectora de una cepa atenuada de Salmonella Typhimurium como candidata vacunal frente a un desafío experimental. Para ello, se utilizaron 51 cuyes hembra recientemente destetados, procedentes de una granja comercial, que fueron distribuidos en tres grupos de 17 animales: inoculado con cepa atenuada y desafiado, solo desafiado, y sin inoculación con cepa atenuada y sin desafío (control). Los animales, según los grupos, fueron inmunizados a las dos semanas de adaptación a las nuevas condiciones de crianza, y a las cinco semanas pos-inmunización fueron desafiados con una cepa virulenta de S. Typhimurium. El estado sanitario fue monitoreado durante cinco semanas pos-desafío y se recolectaron muestras fecales para evidenciar la excreción de IgA y de S. Typhimurium. Además, se realizaron necropsias a los animales que murieron, así como a los sobrevivientes al final del estudio, tomándose muestras de órganos para la evaluación microbiológica e histopatológica. No se observaron diferencias en la tasa de supervivencia ni en la ganancia diaria de peso entre los grupos desafiados. A nivel de lesiones, se observó mayor frecuencia de focos neumónicos y de afecciones intestinales en el grupo que fue solo desafiado en comparación con el grupo inoculado con la cepa atenuada y desafiado (p<0.05).
Unveiling the Cyclical Patterns of Historical Wage Inequality among European Building Laborers
Authors: Akarsu Mahmut Zeki
Published: December 2023

This scholarly investigation examines the historical wage disparities between skilled and unskilled building laborers, as well as gender-based disparities among unskilled male and female workers in major European metropolises including Vienna, Warsaw, Krakow, and Istanbul. While exploring inequality, the study reveals that significant events such as wars, pandemics, and economic fluctuations have a cyclical impact on wage and gender inequality throughout history. However, it should be noted that gender inequality was only examined in the UK. By delving into the dynamics of wage and gender inequality during the medieval and early modern eras of Europe, this study provides a deeper understanding of the complexities of these social issues.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes of mice with lymphoma under the action of thiazole derivative in complex with polymeric nanocarrier
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine, Omeliukh B. , Shalai Ya. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine, Bura M. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine, Ilkiv M. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine, Ostapiuk Yu. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine, Mitina N. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 9 St. Yura sq., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Zaichenko O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 9 St. Yura sq., Lviv 79013, Ukraine, Babsky A. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 4 Hrushevsky str., Lviv 79005, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Many chemotherapeutics drugs have low water solubility, which potentially can decrease their anticancer potential. The use of drug delivery systems has proven to be highly effective in addressing the challenges associated with delivering hydrophobic chemotherapy drugs to tumor tissues. However, two major issues that arise in the clinical nanoparticle-based treatment of cancer are hepatotoxicity and suppression of the hematopoietic system, which can limit their medical applicability. As previously established, thiazole derivative N-(5-benzyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3,5-dimethyl-1-benzofuran-2-carboxamide in complex with polymeric nanocarriers (nanomicelles) based on polyethylene glycol exhibited a greater level of cytotoxicity towards specific tumor cell lines melanoma, glioblastoma, hepatocarcinoma, leukemia, etc. This compound and its complexes with polymeric nanomicelle significantly changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in lymphoma cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a thiazole derivative with polymeric nanomicelles based on polyethylene glycol on the hepatocytes (liver cells) of mice that had been implanted with Nemet-Kelner lymphoma. The investigated compounds thiazole derivative, polymeric nanomicelle, and combination of thiazole derivative with nanomicelle at a final concentration of 10 μM were added to the liver samples and incubated for 10 min. The activity of antioxidant defense system enzymes such as superoxiddismutase, catalase, glutathionperoxidase was determined in liver homogenate under the action of studied compounds in vitro. It was reported that neither thiazole derivative, nanomicelle, nor their complex changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes from mice with lymphoma. Thiazole derivative and it complex with nanomicelle had limited negative side effects in the mice with lymphoma. The investigated compounds were not hepatotoxic toward murine liver cells.
Reproductive dynamics of the common toad (Bufo bufo) and the grass frog (Rana temporaria) as one of the key species of their seasonal cycle
Authors:   National Research and Development Restoration Center of Ukraine (Lviv branch), 10 Lesi Ukrainky str., Lviv, 79008, Ukraine, Andriishyn B. O.
Published: December 2023

The results of research on the reproductive dynamics of the key amphibian species of the Ukrainian Roztochchia are presented. Since reproduction is one of the most important and key stages of the seasonal cycle of amphibians, special attention was paid to this period. We used classic and typical methods of recording reproductive activity of amphibians: route records, searching for dead amphibians on the roads, vocalization methods and installation of temporary protective barriers that prevent amphibians from crossing the road. Therefore, amphibians of the genera Rana and Bufo belong to the species with a sudden type of reproduction. We included representatives of the genera Lissotriton, Triturus, Bombina, Hyla, and Pelophylax to the long-term breeding species. In particular, temporary protective barriers gave us indicative and clear concepts regarding the temporal peaks and troughs of reproductive migrations of the studied amphibian species, as well as the direction of movement to reproductive and trophic habitats. Comparing the beginning of reproductive activity and its course throughout the season, we can see certain differences between the model species B. bufo and R. temporaria, in particular, the choice of breeding ponds, the time of spawning and the period of activity of sexually active individuals. Reproductive activity of the common frog occurs in the first half of March — mid-April. In the second half of April, we caught common frogs on both sides of the barriers, which indicates a “turning point” in the sexual activity of this species. Although the common toad is the first to appear after hibernation, spawning occurs approximately a decade later than that of the common frog but takes a little longer. We believe that such research should be continued regularly and our results will encourage herpetologists to further and long-term research.
Pathomorphological changes of kidneys, liver and blood serum biochemical parameters in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans Wied, 1839) as a result of gentamicin parenteral injection
Authors:   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 50 Pekarska str., Lviv, 79010, Ukraine, Dankovych R. S. , Chuliuk V. I. ,   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies, 50 Pekarska str., Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Principles of reptile treatment are significantly different from the drug therapy for mammals and birds, which is primarily due to anatomical and physiological peculiarities of reptiles. Gentamicin, which has a nephrotoxic effect, is used for the treatment of reptile infectious diseases. For the purpose of studying the effects of gentamicin of reptiles a serum biochemical analysis was conducted determining aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity, urea and uric acid concentration. Two research groups of red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) were formed for the study; every 48 hours they received an injection of gentamicin in a dose 10 mg/kg into thoracic limb muscles. The animals of the first research group were withdrawn from the experiment on the 7th day, and the animals of the second group were withdrawn on the 14th day of the research. As a result of parenteral administration of gentamicin in turtles, there is an increase in the concentration of uric acid and urea, as well as the activity of aspartate aminotransferases and alanine aminotransferases in blood serum. In the kidneys, structural changes of the glomeruli were found: alternative changes in podocytes, as well as degenerative and necrotic changes in the renal tubule epithelium. Degenerative changes of nephrocytes were accompanied by the dilation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum tubules, mitochondrial crista destruction, accumulation of autophagolysosomes, cytosomes and lysosomes in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, signs of nephrocyte apoptosis with the formation of apoptotic bodies were detected. A liver examination revealed dystrophic and necrotic changes in hepatocytes, expansion and overflow of the vessels of the venous beds.
Living in science and for science (in memory of Rostyslav Fedoruk)
Authors:   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Kovalchuk I. , Lesyk Ya. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Kaplinskyi V. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Tsap M. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Pylypets A. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stusa str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The article shows the life and scientific career of the famous physiologist, scientist, doctor of veterinary sciences, professor, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences Rostyslav Fedoruk. It describes the scientific, pedagogical, organizational and public activities of the professor. The results of fundamental research and applied developments obtained by R. Fedoruk during the performance of tasks that were part of the scientific programs of the NAAS and the Scientific and Methodological Center “Animal Physiology” are presented. The main results of the theoretical and applied research conducted under the leadership of R. Fedoruk regarding the influence of new effective feed additives and biologically active substances tested and implemented in production, in particular in cattle breeding, sheep breeding, rabbit breeding, poultry farming and beekeeping, and proposals and methods about their use are substantiated. Rostyslav Fedoruk is the author of more than 500 scientific works, including monographs, textbooks, reference books, etc. For a long time he was the deputy editor-in-chief and a member of the editorial boards of numerous scientific publications, a member of the Ukrainian Biochemical and Physiological Societies, the T. Shevchenko Scientific Society. Since 2015, he has been elected vice-president of the Ukrainian Physiological Society named after P. Kostyuk. The scientific activity of R. Fedoruk and his students is devoted to studying the processes of adaptation in animals to agroecological conditions of keeping, elucidating the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the influence of biologically active additives on the main and intermediate exchanges, the reproductive function and productivity of farm animals, and the assessment of the biological value of animal husbandry products. During the period of persistent creative and scientific-pedagogical activity, R. Fedoruk gained a strong authority as a scientist and enjoyed deep respect among his colleagues, influenced the formation of Ukrainian agricultural science and formed his scientific school of researchers.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities for Unmet Needs by Mental Health Condition: 2016 to 2021
Authors: Chang Andrew R. , Slopen Natalie
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES

Racial and ethnic minority children receive less care and inferior care in the United States, but less is known about how these disparities vary by mental health conditions. We examined unmet mental health needs by condition types to identify potentially hidden racial and ethnic inequities.

METHODS

We used data from the nationally representative National Survey of Children’s Health, from 2016 to 2021 (n = 172 107). Logistic regression analyses were applied to mental health conditions in aggregate and individually and adjusted for individual and household characteristics.

RESULTS

Relative to non-Hispanic white children with any mental health condition, non-Hispanic Black children had greater odds of unmet needs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–2.05). Models disaggregated by specific mental health conditions revealed heterogeneous patterns. Specifically, relative to non-Hispanic white children, non-Hispanic Black children displayed elevated odds of unmet needs for behavioral problems (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.00–2.02), whereas Asian and Hispanic children displayed elevated odds for anxiety (aOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.20–4.29 and aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05–1.90, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Racial and ethnic minority children are disproportionately affected by unmet treatment needs. These disparities vary by individual mental health conditions and persist after controlling for socioeconomic characteristics. Results reveal clinically underserved racial and ethnic groups across different mental health conditions.
Diagnostic informativeness of markers of bone-tissue metabolism and bone resorption in cows with osteodystrophy
Authors: Slivinska L. G. , Fedorovych V. L. , Shcherbatyy A. R. , Fedorovych N. M. , Gutyj B. V. , Vlizlo V. V. , Lychuk M. G. , Maksymovych I. A. , Zinko H. O.
Published: December 2023

Osteodystrophy is caused by polyetiological factors, the main being disturbance of metabolism of macroelements and D and A vitamins. The disease continues to impose great economic losses on animal husbandry, reduces cattle productivity, and hinders effective work in this sphere. To study the pathogenesis and early diagnostics of bovine osteodystrophy, we examined the markers of metabolism of the connective tissue: macro- and microelements, general glycosaminoglycans and their fractions, chondroitin sulfate, sialoglycoproteins, oxoproline, citric acid, and osteocalcin. In the cows with subclinical course of osteodystrophy, the content of total calcium was decreased by 18.9% and such of phosphorus by 5.7%. In 95% of the clinically ill animals, we diagnosed hypocalcemia, combined with hypophosphatemia, in 35.0% of the cows. In blood serum of the cows with subclinical course of osteodystrophy, we found decrease in the concentration of citric acid down to 157.7 ± 2.1 mmol/L, in the clinically ill – 146.8 ± 1.2 mmol/L and osteocalcin – to 1.12 ± 0.04 and 0.72 ± 0.04 ng/mL, respectively. We determined increases in concentrations of chondroitin sulfates, sialoglycoproteins, total glycosaminoglycans and their fractions: chondroitin-6-sulfate, chondroitine-4-sulfate, keratan- and heparin- and dermatan sulfates, and heparine. The most informative criteria for diagnostics of subclinical course of osteodystrophy were citric acid, total glycosaminoglycans and their first and third fractions, chondroitin sulfates and sialoglycoproteins, because they were above the physiological limits in 100% of the cows with subclinical course of the disease, whereas in the clinically healthy animals, osteocalcin decreased in 60 and 100% of the cases, respectively.
Adolescentes que gostam de ler usam mais estratégias de leitura na L1 e na L2
Authors: Casagrande Rosso Aline , Arêas da Luz Fontes Ana Beatriz
Published: December 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a correlação entre a quantidade e o gosto por leitura em primeira (L1) e segunda língua (L2) e o uso de estratégias metacognitivas de leitura de adolescentes. Para tanto, 114 participantes completaram dois questionários, que abordavam, além de outros fatores, a quantidade e o gosto pela leitura. Além disso, eles preencheram o Inventário de Consciência sobre Estratégias Metacognitivas de Leitura (MARSI) (MOKHTARI; REICHARD, 2002), com vistas a captar dados do quanto eles utilizam estratégias leitoras. A análise de correlação executada mostrou, entre outros resultados, que quanto mais os alunos gostam de ler, mais eles tendem a utilizar estratégias leitoras. Além disso, observou-se mais correlações positivas entre o uso de estratégias e a quantidade de leitura na L2 do que o quanto os alunos leem na L1. Implicações psicolinguísticas e pedagógicas sobre esses achados são discutidas.
El desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Mercado del Cannabidiol (CBD)
Authors: Rojas Guillén Lilliana , arela Vásquez Stefany , Sánchez Argüello Melanie , Alpízar Segura Daniel , Chacón López Pablo
Published: December 2023

F-GC-02 Informe de Inteligencia Competitiva y de Mercado1 Introducción Este estudio permite desarrollar inteligencia de mercado, científica y tecnológica sobre el extracto de Cannabis sativa, específicamente del Cannabidiol, para mapear los avances científicos y tecnológicos que se han venido desarrollando en los últimos años, así como su aplicación y desarrollo de productos derivados. El CBD es un componente extraído de la planta de cáñamo, la cual se refiere específicamente a Cannabis sativa con un THC total inferior a 1% en peso seco en hojas y cogollos. La marihuana y el cáñamo pertenecen biológicamente al mismo género, su única distinción es su concentración de THC. Por su baja concentración de THC el cáñamo no es psicoactivo, a diferencia de la marihuana (Hilderbrand, 2018). El cáñamo es cultivado en aproximadamente 40 países, siendo Canadá, Corea, Francia y China los más grandes productores (ONU, 2022). En el caso de América Latina los países más avanzados en el cultivo son Paraguay, Uruguay, Ecuador, Chile y Colombia, esto debido a que fueron los primeros países en poseer acciones legislativas a favor de la producción y uso del cáñamo (LAIHA, s. f.). El cultivo de cáñamo se considera sostenible y versátil porque se aprovecha la totalidad de la planta, absorbe grandes cantidades de CO2 y se usa en productos alimenticios, biocombustibles, textiles y materiales de construcción. Este cultivo cumple con varios de los atributos demandados para las producciones agropecuarias actuales, se puede mencionar el aprovechamiento industrial de toda la planta y el alto potencial como cultivo orgánico. El mercado mundial del cáñamo, en su totalidad de industrias, podría alcanzar los 18 600 millones de dólares en 2027 (ONU, 2022)
Un acercamiento a experiencias vividas en pandemia y construcción de subjetividad política en niños y niñas
Authors: Escobar Doria Bibiana , Ospina-Ramírez David Arturo , López Galeano Claudia Marcela , Cardona Guzmán Oscar Andrés
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo de investigación tuvo como fin comprender la incidencia de las dinámicas familiares en la subjetividad política de los niños y niñas de 7 a 10 años, antes, durante y después de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Valencia Córdoba, Colombia. El presente estudio es de carácter cualitativo y se basó en un diseño hermenéutico, con el fin de interpretar los discursos de los niños, niñas y familiares. Para la recolección de la información se implementó entrevistas con los menores y grupos focales con los adultos; con lo cual se logró evidenciar que, en contextos de crisis, las familias crean herramientas que facilitan manejar momentos de estrés como el acompañamiento en la realización de deberes y tareas. De esta manera, a través del aprendizaje que dejan lasexperiencias vividas dentro de la convivencia, se crean nuevos elementos que los niños y las niñas asimilan para la construcción de su propia identidad, que son aprehendidas, junto con habilidades y destrezas fundamentales en los procesos de subjetividad política.
On Kings Who Drove Back the Sea: Shipping, Seafaring and Naval Campaigns in the Early Cēra Kingdom
Authors: Ferenczi Roland
Published: December 2023

This study aims to answer the question whether the ancient Cēra kings sailed the seas and, if so, whether their technology was suitable for crossing the Indian Ocean, while it tries to summarize what we know about shipbuilding in ancient Southwest India. On the following pages, an attempt is made to introduce the most important passages of the Old Tamil Caṅkam literary sources in order to analyse their data in the light of Greek and Latin sources, and of Indian and Mediterranean inscriptions. It can be concluded that although inscriptions of Tamil traders can be found from Egypt to Thailand, and the Cēra kings built a maritime fleet for probably the first time in the history of ancient South India in order to punish their enemy, the kaṭampu tribe by sailing on the seas, their nautical contribution to the long-distance trade of the Arabian Sea as well as their engagement in coastal shipping can be classified as moderate and incidental in the antiquity.
Tighter Regulations Regarding Pesticides
Authors: Matthews Graham
Published: December 2023

Whilst there is currently much greater awareness of the detrimental impacts on human health caused by highly hazardous pesticides in developed countries, many developing countries have been slow to react. Although the most toxic pesticides are no longer registered for use within Europe,
there have been many tragedies caused by the application of hazardous pesticides in other areas of the world. For example, in India, the spraying of the organophosphate insecticide, monocrotophos, listed as Highly hazardous by the World Health Organisation (WHO) has resulted in the death of
many farmers growing cotton when using a knapsack sprayer and holding the nozzle at head height in front of their face.
Variable’s prediction of gap acceptance roundabout capacity model – Critical gap
Authors: Majid Hirsh , Ali Hezha Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The research relevance is determined by the assessment of the capacity of roundabouts and their efficiency are extremely important topics in transport engineering research. As road networks are constantly growing in size and complexity, congestion and insufficient flow capacity are becoming serious problems for traffic. The research aims to determine the critical interval at a certain roundabout using several statistical methods and to compare the results obtained by each of them, respectively. Material and Methods: The statistical methods used in the study included the Ruff, Wu, Troutbeck, Ashworth, and standard deviation methods. Results and Discussion: The results of the study show that the difference between the five methods is minimal, although each method has its characteristics. The analysis of the critical interval for the left and right bands showed that different methods may vary in their estimates, but the overall picture remains within acceptable convergence. The difference between the Wu method and the other methods was found to be negligible, except for the Ashworth method, which has a significant difference in the definition of the critical interval. Conclusion: Thus, all five methods can generally be used to calculate the critical interval at roundabouts. However, due to its simplicity and reliability, the Wu method was recommended for use. The practical significance of the study is that the results provide important guidance and information for the design and management of roundabouts. Estimation of the critical spacing is key to determining the optimal traffic flow regime, which affects safety, flow capacity and convenience for drivers.
STUDY OF THE VARIATIONS OF QUANTUM CONFINEMENT ENERGY WITH THE EXCITON BOHR RADIUS OF ZINC SELENIDE
Authors: Al-Rashid Saeed Naif Turki
Published: December 2023

In this work, the Brus model was used to study the variations of the Bohr diameter of the exciton with the quantum confinement energy. The results showed that the Bohr radius of the exciton decreases with an increase in the quantum confinement energy. This affects the properties of the material.
Unilateral Percutaneous Kyphoplasty In Patients With Painful Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures; Single Center Experience
Authors: EGE Ferhat , AKBAS Mert
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim

The objective of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of unilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) performed in treatment-resistant patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Material and Methods

The study sample consisted of eight patients with painful osteoporotic compression fractures who did not respond to conservative treatment methods. However, the respective clinical results were evaluated based on radiological findings pertaining to 18 operated vertebrae of the said eight patients. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores were recorded before the procedure and at the 1st-month and 6th-month follow-up visits. Vertebral angle (VA), and anterior height (AH), central height (CH) and posterior height (PH) of the superior and inferior endplates of the vertebrae were measured before the procedure and at the 6th-month follow-up using direct radiography.

Results

Mean VAS and ODI scores decreased 66.87% and 65.13%, respectively, over a 6-month period. The mean vertebral height increased after kyphoplasty, as reflected by a 4.70% increase in AH, 26.84% increase in CH and 1.63% increase in PH. Additionally, VA was found to have increased by 14.1%.

Conclusion

The results of this study featuring a small patient population indicated that unilateral balloon PKP can be used safely and effectively to achieve earlier mobilization with faster pain relief and fewer complications.
The Protection of Rights and Legitimate Interests of Victims in Criminal Proceedings Against Judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors: Balchugov Aleksey
Published: December 2023

The article examines some aspects of the protection of rights and legitimate interests of victims in criminal proceedings against judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, analyzes the historical aspects of the emergence of the institution of constitutional control in modern Russia, examines the regulatory framework for the activity of judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, examines the status of judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, considers the criminal procedural grounds for proceedings on criminal cases against judges of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The author proposes some measures aimed at revising the current complicated criminal proceedings in relation to these categories of persons in order to improve the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of victims in such criminal cases.
Methodological Approaches to Financial Problems of Bankruptcy of Enterprises
Authors: Nechaev Andrey
Published: December 2023

The study analyzed the financial causes affecting the bankruptcy of enterprises providing a model that links the dynamics of the firm with the processes of bankruptcy, both on a univariate and multivariate basis. The presented model considers the dynamics associated with the bankruptcy process of enterprises. In the structure, we employed a broad perspective to analyze theoretical relations between the criteria. The findings provide a roadmap for selecting the most relevant default variables and determining the role of each in the prediction process. The prediction accuracy of the financial risk model depends not only on statistical methods but also on the theoretical basis of each variable. The model can be useful for rating companies in general and credit approval decisions in particular. The study presents a theoretical approach to modeling the risks of financial institutions. The obtained results make it possible to select the most appropriate variables for risk prediction and determine the role of each variable in the prediction process. The given model can be useful for rating financial institutions in general and making decisions about approving loans in particular.
Responsabilização e Qualidade do Jornalismo: Instrumentos e Práticas Digitais de Accountability dos Média Portugueses
Authors: Miranda João
Published: December 2023

Embora o debate público sobre a qualidade do jornalismo e esforços de responsabilização e de prestação de contas por parte dos média não constituam um fenómeno contemporâneo, o novo contexto online e de transição digital possibilitou o surgimento e a expansão de novas formas de responsabilização dos média e de monitorização da qualidade da informação jornalística. Com base na revisão da literatura, busca-se desenvolver uma reflexão sobre a relação entre accountability dos média e qualidade do jornalismo, assim como sobre o potencial de novos formatos de responsabilização dos média na promoção da qualidade da informação. São sublinhadas três vertentes dessa relação: a accountability enquanto dimensão ou marca da qualidade dos média; a accountability enquanto modo de controlo da qualidade do jornalismo; e a accountability enquanto espaço de definição da qualidade da informação noticiosa. Simultaneamente, são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de um estudo exploratório de mapeamento e de análise do nível de implementação de mecanismos digitais de responsabilização e prestação de contas de seis projetos editoriais portugueses. O mapeamento de instrumentos reflete uma realidade heterogénea e um potencial subjacente à adaptação de modelos convencionais de responsabilização para formatos online, assim como um paradigma mandatado dos processos de accountability e de transparência dos média portugueses. Já a análise do nível de implementação de vários destes mecanismos de responsabilização sugere assimetrias na sua aplicação.
FEEDBACK STRATEGIES: AN EFFORT TO ENHANCE THE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF DAF-LEARNERS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Wijayati Primardiana Hermilia , Ardiyani Dewi Kartika , Hidayat Edy
Published: December 2023

Critical thinking has become one of the main education goals in this 21st century as the trend in the global market also requires graduates to be able to apply critical thinking skills to work settings. This study aims to describe the strategy of providing feedback to improve the critical thinking skills of German as a foreign language (GFL) learners in Indonesia. The research data were collected through observations and interviews with German students and lecturers at Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, and presented descriptively qualitatively with observation and interview instruments. The results showed that asking questions to students, providing comments, encouraging output, and giving praise are the feedback strategies that can improve students' critical thinking skills. Lecturers provide several questions that lead them to think and answer these questions. The questions should be given to all students in the class so that students gradually are encouraged to be more active. Through those feedback strategies, learners are triggered to memorize, understand, apply, analyze, reformulate, and evaluate the learned materials. All those strategies are implemented to lead the students to better critical thinking skills. It is recommended that lecturers apply more types of feedback so that students have more opportunities to improve their language skills.
TEACHER AUTHENTICITY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Jacobs George M. , Asmawi Adelina , Renandya Willy A.
Published: December 2023

In education, the phrase "authenticity" has various connotations, including in language education. This article begins by examining different meanings of the term authenticity in language teaching. Some of these meanings refer to authenticity in the assessment, tasks, and materials that language teachers use. The main part of the article looks at another meaning of authenticity. The literature on teacher authenticity and personal authenticity in general is applied to the situation of language teachers while viewing authenticity through the lens of student-centered learning (SCL) and the overall paradigm shift from which SCL grew. Topics discussed include whether teachers should behave according to students’ views of what teachers should do or according to how teachers themselves believe they should behave. The article next looks at how teachers can develop their authenticity via their lifelong, lifewide, and lifedeep learning. The article also delves into various issues in which teachers can be authentic by “walking their talk,” e.g., teachers who encourage students to read need to be readers themselves, and teachers who encourage their students to cooperate with their peers should cooperate with their own peers in education and elsewhere in their lives. The two final parts of the article ask what impact teacher authenticity might have on the teachers’ students and how authenticity, which seems to be such an individual construct, can be put to the service of society as a whole.
STUDENTS' METACOGNITIVE SKILLS AND CRITICAL READING SKILLS OF KOREAN TEXTS: HOW DO THEY CORRELATE?
Authors: Ansas Velayeti Nurfitriana , Azizah Asma , Oktavianto Dwi Bhakti , Nasihin Siti Balqis
Published: December 2023

Metacognitive skills are considered a pivotal modal for students to develop critical literacy, especially in reading activities, as part of the main goals of 21st-century language education. These skills also help the students succeed in their learning process because they involve the ability to evaluate one's capacity and achievement in learning. Although much research has been initiated, Korean as a foreign language (KFL) student is little known. To fill the void, this ongoing study investigates the level of metacognitive skills in reading among Indonesian undergraduate students majoring in Korean language education. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach, the researchers distributed a questionnaire and interview on students’ metacognitive skills in critical reading.  What about items about critical reading skills? It also turned out you have interview data. please include here in the abstract. The data were analyzed, focusing on the mean scores and percentages to get the main points of the student's responses and how students apply their metacognitive skills in critical reading. The results showed that as many as 75% of students had a moderate level of metacognitive skills, and only 5.5% had a high level of metacognitive skills. This shows that students' metacognitive abilities still need to be improved.  Of the eight indicators measured, the ability in time management shows a low value. Meanwhile, the ability to implement strategies shows a high value. It can be concluded that students still have to improve their metacognitive skills in critical reading, especially in time management.
A GLANCE THROUGH THE LENS OF SENIOR TEACHERS’ IMPEDIMENTS AND SUCCESSES IN ONLINE TEACHING: A CASE IN A PROVINCE IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: De Jesus Jubille Melanie , Janga Janwin Miguel , Jimenez Joshua , Villanueva Jaimie , Lobo Joseph , Celis Michael Louie
Published: December 2023

The education sector is a major industry badly affected by the spread of COVID-19. With the abrupt transition from traditional classrooms to online learning, several obstacles arose, particularly for more senior teachers who had less time to plan for and adjust to the new model of instruction. This study was conducted to explore the challenges and successes of senior teachers from Pampanga, Philippines, in the delivery of online learning. Banking on their wisdom and experiences, this qualitative-exploratory study is guided by Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle (1984) and Bandura’s Social Learning Theory (1968). In-depth interviews were conducted with eight senior teachers ranging in age from 55 to 78. Their accounts, experiences, and methods were transcribed, recorded, and classified after undergoing manual qualitative analysis. The major findings highlighted the difficulties, modifications, and countermeasures that experienced educators use when delivering online classes. These results can be used to strengthen educational institutions' ability to provide and support teachers from older ge-nerations, whose knowledge and comfort with technology are limited. Most importantly, it focused on filling the gap in the dearth of research publications that have examined the difficulties and triumphs of senior teachers in the context of the new normal in Philippine education
A TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN MAKASSAR CITY
Authors: Arismunandar Arismunandar , Wahed Andi , Ervianti Ervianti , H Nurhikmah
Published: December 2023

This study aims to obtain an overview of the transformational leadership of the head of a private high school in Makassar City. The approach in this study is Quantitative with a descriptive type of research that seeks to describe the four dimensions of transformational leadership of the head of a private high school in Makassar City. In this study, the data collection technique used was a questionnaire that was distributed to 92 samples from 1203 teacher populations who gave assessments to the heads of private high schools in Makassar City. The data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive statistics that only describe the state of the data as it is through parameters such as mean, median, mode, frequency distribution and other statistical measures. The results showed that the transformational leadership of the head of a private high school in Makassar City has (1) a tendency to ideal influence or charisma with a presentation of 77 or 83.16% is in a very high category, (2) inspirational motivational tendencies with presentations of 68.5% are in a very high category, (3) intellectual stimulation tendencies with a percentage of 66.3% are in a very high category,  and (4) the tendency of individual consideration with presentations of 50% is in the high category. Research findings: Principals as transformational leaders can improve response, and commitment, pay attention to the concerns and needs of teachers and employees under them, change the awareness of teachers and employees under them about problems by helping them see problems in new ways, and excite and inspire teachers and employees under them to make extra efforts to achieve school goals. can help teachers and employees to see the positive impact of their work through direct interaction by responding, building commitment and making extra efforts to achieve school goals.
Metaphor in “Burning Sun” South Korea online news: A semantic study
Authors: Krisdianti Nada Nova , Nugraha Rudi Adi
Published: December 2023

Understanding metaphors is fundamental in scrutinizing the language of journalism. However, attention devoted to pee out the use of metaphors in Korean news in this more digitalized era is still scant. Therefore, This paper reports on a description of the use of metaphorical expressions and their meaning in crime news of South Korea’s online news website. A qualitative approach was employed. The data were taken from online crime news articles published by a Korean online news website DongA.com in March to November. The website discussed about a scandal in a club in Gangnam ‘Burning Sun’ which involved sexual assault, prostitution, police alliance, drugs distribution, and tax evasion in 2019. Documentation method was used to collect the data. The sentences containing metaphorical expressions were analyzed further. The results showed that three types of metaphorical expressions were found in the news articles: structural metaphor, orientational metaphor, ontological metaphor. The contextual meaning from the metaphorical expressions was also found. Hence, the purpose of using metaphors in the online crime news can produce an intense impression for the readers without any exaggerated information.
A comparison of cultural meanings in Sundanese and Korean traditional children's songs: An anthropologist study
Authors: Nurkhazanah Lia Amelia , Yulianeta Yulianeta , Samsudin Didin
Published: December 2023

Traditional children's songs are a literary heritage that contains cultural values and noble norms that are meaningful in people's lives. This research aims to describe the (1) comparison of the linguistic units, and (2) comparison of cultural meaning in Sundanese and Korean traditional children’s songs. The data were taken from four Sundanese and Korean children folk songs’ lyrics. This research method is a qualitative descriptive based on an anthropolinguistic approach, and the data were collected by downloading the lyrics on youtube. The data were analyzed using the distributional and identify method. The results show that both in Sundanese and Korean traditional children’s songs lyrics consist of linguistic units words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and discourse. In the realm of anthropolinguistics, the results show similar cultural meanings in (1) Ayun Ambing and Jajang Jajang Uri Aga (자장 자장 우리 아가) which is the cultural meaning of cradling a baby, family love and respect for parents. (2) in Bulantok and Dal-dal Museun Dal (달달 무슨 달) include the meaning of being grateful for the beauty of nature, (3) in Cing Cangkeling and Saeya- saeya Pharangsaeya (새야 새야 파랑새야) shows the meaning of vigilance against colonizer, (4) in Oyong-oyong Bangkong and Dukkeoba-dukkeoba (두껍아-두껍아) contains cooperation and life guidance. This research is expected to be used as a means of preserving language and culture through traditional songs.
Modality in the campaign speech of Republic Korea presidential candidate Moon Jae In (문제인) in 2017
Authors: Asri Dinar , Triarisanti Risa , Sukyadi Didi
Published: December 2023

Speech is a form of expressing thoughts in the form of words addressed to many people. In a speech, the speaker usually expresses one’s attitude or assessment toward someone, as called modality. This study discussed the modalities contained in the campaign speech of presidential candidate, Moon Jae In, at the presidential election of the Republic of Korea in 2017. Through this speech, Moon Jae In could win the hearts of the Republic of Korea people and win the election in 2017. The theory used in this research was the modality theory, proposed by Sun Hye Ok (2016). This study used descriptive qualitative methods, namely reporting and assessing the linguistic data through modality theory as an analytical tool. The results of the analysis showed that there were 63 forms of modality in it. There were 6 forms 명제양태 (proposition modality) and 57 forms 사건양태 (event modality). The percentage of data 명제양태 (prediction modality) was 10% and 사건양태 (event modality) was 90%, so it could be said that in his speech, Moon Jae In revealed more forms of disclosure for the future. Those forms were evidenced through sentences that contain abilities, musts, and goals for the future.
Translation shift of translation Webtoon Nae Aidineun Gangnammiin (내 Id 는 강남미인) into I Am Gangnam Beauty
Authors: Hapsah Intan Mutiara
Published: December 2023

Translation is one of the branches of applied linguistics as part of activities in communication between people with various languages. The results of this translation activity are then called translation. However, in every activity, there must be obstacles as well as the translation process. This research discussed the translation shift that occurred in the translation of the webtoon Nae Aidineun Gangnammiin into I Am Gangnam Beauty. The purpose of this research is to present the results of the translation shift analysis of both the text and dialogue that occurs in the I Am Gangnam Beauty webtoon according to its type, and the results of the analysis of the translation stage of the I Am Gangnam Beauty webtoon using the theory of Nida and Taber. The data was collected by noting any translation shift found and then grouping them according to their type and stage of translation. The results showed that the most significant translation shift was skewing of information as much as 37 data (41%), gain of information as much as 29 data (32%), and loss of information as much as 24 (27%). Then the translation stages where the most translation shifts were found were the analysis of 40 data (45%), the transfer of 35 data (39%), and the restructuring of 14 data (16%).
Florisztikai adatok Észak-Magyarországról IV. Helleborus dumetorum a Cserhátban és egyéb növény előfordulások
Authors: Vojtkó András
Published: December 2023

In this publication, the author provides occurrences of geobotanical importance from the North Hungarian Mountains collected in the spring of 2023. First occurrence for the following species was recorded: Helleborus dumetorum from the Cserhát Hills, Lunaria annua from the Mátra Mts. and Dryopteris affinis from the Bükk Mts. Ranunculus aquatilis was found again in the Bükk Mts., where it had been collected more than 100 years ago, and Rubus saxatilis was found for the fourth time in the Zemplén Mts.
YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME MAIZE HYBRIDS (ZEA MAYS L.) UNDER DIFFERENT PLANTING DATES
Authors: MOUSAVİ NASAB Maryam Sadat , TOHİDİ –NEJAD Enayatollah , AFSHAR MANESH Gholamreza , HEİDARİ SHARİFABAD Hosein , AIEN Ahmad
Published: December 2023

For optimal maize yield, selecting the appropriate planting date based on a region's climatic conditions is crucial.

This is especially true when considering the varying needs of different maize hybrids. To better understand the

relationship between planting dates and yield for various maize hybrids, a study was conducted in Jiroft during

2018 and 2019. This research examined ten maize hybrids across three distinct planting dates.The findings

revealed that delaying the planting date reduced yield components, SPAD, GDD, oil percentage, and overall oil

yield.Interestingly, the amino acid content increased with delayed planting. Among the hybrids, the 703 variant

achieved its peak grain yield on July 18. In contrast, the lowest yield was recorded on August 1, marking a

substantial 30.07% reduction in grain yield. These results underscore the significance of timely planting in

maximizing both the yield and quality attributes of maize hybrids.
EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS
Authors: DÖNMEZ Hasan Beytullah , HATİPOĞLU Rüştü
Published: December 2023

This research was carried out as two separate trials established in two different years to determine the effects of different seed ratios and harvest times of different annual companion crop species on the hay yield and botanical composition of a pasture mixture under Mediterranean climate conditions. The field trials were established in a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement in three replications. The research results showed that barley, annual ryegrass, and berseem clover can be utilized as companion crops in artificial pasture systems. The inclusion of these companion crop species in the pasture mixture resulted in an increase in forage yield and a significant decrease in weed infestation. While delaying the harvest time of the companion crop does not have a notable effect on the proportion of legumes and weeds in the total biomass, it significantly enhances the dry forage yield and the proportion of grasses in the overall biomass of the mixture.