bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIF-1A and C/EBPs transcriptionally regulate adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs in hypoxia
Authors: Jiang Chen , Sun Jun , Dai Yafei , Cao Pengfei , Zhang Liyang , Peng Shuping , Zhou Yanhong , Li Guiyuan , Tang Jingqun , Xiang Juanjuan
Published: March 2015

Introduction

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells) are known to be a component of the tumor microenvironment. BMSCs are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. Stem cells found in niches or transplanted into injured tissues constantly encounter hypoxic stress. Areas with very low to no oxygen pressure exist in solid tumors. The differentiation capacity of BMSCs under hypoxic conditions remains controversial.

Methods

In this study, a hypoxic workstation, set at an oxygen concentration of 0.2% was used to mimic the hypoxic microenvironment of cancer in vivo. Oil red O staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were used to examine the adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation, respectively, of BMSCs. Real-time PCR was performed to explore the expression of adipocyte- or osteocyte-specific genes. An RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array was used to screen a panel of 84 genes associated with human adipogenesis in BMSCs under normal and hypoxic conditions. A dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were applied to analyze promoter activity to evaluate the possible regulatory mechanism of adipocyte-specific gene expression.

Results

We found that this extreme hypoxia impaired osteogenic differentiation as indicated by the attenuation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the reduced expression of osteogenic markers osteocalcin and osteopontin. Moreover, extreme hypoxia enhanced adipogenic differentiation, as indicated by the accumulation of lipid droplets and the expression of the adipocyte-specific genes leptin, LPL, CFD, PGAR and HIG2. In the extreme hypoxic conditions (0.2% oxygen), the overexpression of CCAAT enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs), especially C/EBPδ, and HIF-1A upregulated the promoter activities of adipocyte-specific genes such as leptin, CFD, HIG2, LPL, PGAR. In the present study, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) exerted a negative effect on the differentiation of BMSCs into adipocytes.

Conclusions

In view of these findings, extreme hypoxia induced the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs through HIF-1A and C/EBPs. These findings might provide clues regarding the roles of BMSCs in the cancer microenvironment.
Inhibition of Small Maf Function in Pancreatic β-Cells Improves Glucose Tolerance Through the Enhancement of Insulin Gene Transcription and Insulin Secretion
Authors: Nomoto Hiroshi , Kondo Takuma , Miyoshi Hideaki , Nakamura Akinobu , Hida Yoko , Yamashita Ken-ichiro , Sharma Arun J. , Atsumi Tatsuya
Published: March 2015

The large-Maf transcription factor v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA) has been found to be crucial for insulin transcription and synthesis and for pancreatic β-cell function and maturation. However, insights about the effects of small Maf factors on β-cells are limited. Our goal was to elucidate the function of small-Maf factors on β-cells using an animal model of endogenous small-Maf dysfunction. Transgenic (Tg) mice with β-cell-specific expression of dominant-negative MafK (DN-MafK) experiments, which can suppress the function of all endogenous small-Mafs, were fed a high-fat diet, and their in vivo phenotypes were evaluated. Phenotypic analysis, glucose tolerance tests, morphologic examination of β-cells, and islet experiments were performed. DN-MafK-expressed MIN6 cells were also used for in vitro analysis. The results showed that DN-MafK expression inhibited endogenous small-Maf binding to insulin promoter while increasing MafA binding. DN-MafK Tg mice under high-fat diet conditions showed improved glucose metabolism compared with control mice via incremental insulin secretion, without causing changes in insulin sensitivity or MafA expression. Moreover, up-regulation of insulin and glucokinase gene expression was observed both in vivo and in vitro under DN-MafK expression. We concluded that endogenous small-Maf factors negatively regulates β-cell function by competing for MafA binding, and thus, the inhibition of small-Maf activity can improve β-cell function.
Digital Humanities and Its Application in the Study of Literature and Culture
Authors: Wilkens Matthew
Published: March 2015

“Digital Humanities and Its Application in the Study of Literature and Culture” examines the relationship between comparative literary and cultural studies, systems theory and model building, and recent work in digital humanities. Areas of specific application include the topology of German literature, modernist poetics in China, Japan, and the United States, and the geography of nineteenth-century fiction, as well as a range of associated computational methods. Wilkens argues that computational work represents a unique opportunity for comparatists interested in large-scale cultural analysis and that digital humanities would benefit from increased participation by comparatists.
Tracking Ecophobia: The Utility of Empirical and Systems Studies for Ecocriticism
Authors: Estok Simon C.
Published: March 2015

This article argues that the systemic focus of empirical studies of literature offers an approach consonant with the goals and methods of ecocriticism, which foregrounds interconnectedness and varieties of systemic analyses. In generating empirically viable comments about how representations (or non-representations) of nature function systemically, contextual analyses of ecophobia as an often obsolete adaptive survival strategy prove more useful than more myopic analyses that fail to see biophilia as part of a spectrum condition. The article highlights the shortcomings of Edward O. Wilson's pronouncements on literature, which hinder the very mediation between the sciences and the humanities that he promotes. If we are to take seriously the activist goals of ecocriticism, then we need to be earnest about the idea that, as opposing points on a continuum, ecophobia and biophilia can be measured and contextualized through comparative cultural analyses.
Role of the Amide Carbonyl Groups in the Nitrile Hydratase Active Site for Nitrile Coordination Using Co(III) Complex with N2S3-type Ligand
Authors: Yano Takuma , Ikeda Tomohiro , Shibayama Tomonori , Inomata Tomohiko , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Ozawa Tomohiro , Masuda Hideki
Published: March 2015

The role of the amide carbonyl oxygens in the nitrile hydratase (NHase) active site for the nitrile coordination to the metal center was studied using a distorted square-pyramidal N2S3-type Co(III) complex at room temperature in the presence of a folded-sheet mesoporous material (FSM) or sodium cation.
Jules Verne's Captain Nemo and French Revolutionary Gustave Flourens:A Hidden Character Model?
Authors: Kallivretakis Leonidas
Published: March 2015

This article treats the recent assumption made by Vernian specialist William Butcher that Jules Verne's most famous character, Captain Nemo, is based on the French revolutionary intellectual Gustave Flourens (1838-1871), son of the eminent physiologist J. P. M. Flourens. Gustave Flourens fought in the Cretan insurrection of 1866-1868, later participated in the republican opposition against Napoleon III's imperial regime, eventually became a friend of Karl Marx and was finally killed as a general of the Paris Commune. By comparing step-by-step Verne's inspiration and writing procedures with Flourens' unfolding activities and fame, it is concluded that there is little basis for such an assumption. The article includes also a brief account of the Cretan question in the nineteenth century and of the deep discord between Marx's and Flourens' respective analyses of the Eastern Question.
Nikolay Aretov, Natsionalna Mitologia i Natsionalna literatura. Siuzheti, Izgrazhdaschti Bŭlgarskata Natsionalna Identichnost v Slovesnostta ot XVIII i XIX Vek
Authors: Maragos Vassilis
Published: March 2015

No Abstracts
Literature and National Consciousness of the Greek Minority in NorthernEpirus
Authors: Frantzi Anteia
Published: March 2015

The first period of Albanian rule in Northern Epirus, from 1912 to 1945, witnessed a continuation of the oral tradition enriched by the experience of the unceasing struggle for liberation. It should be stressed that what we now call "literature of the ethnic Greek minority of Albania" is in fact nothing but an integral part of Greek literature. It is the literary output of the Greek inhabitants of the area who, despite the adverse political developments that left them outside the borders of the Greek state, maintained their creativity and their Greek identity. From 1945 onwards, with the establishment of the People's Republic of Albania, any attempt to assess the literature of the Greek minority in Northern Epirus stumbles upon the political and national dichotomy of the land and its people. Firstly, the writers who identified themselves with the Communist ideals were following the principles of Socialist Realism. Secondly, those who followed a path of silent resistance and struggled for the preservation of the Greek language reverted to allegory and cryptic writing.
À propos d'un livre centenaire
Authors: Pippidi Andrei
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Le séjour du poète grec André Calvos à Genève et Lausanne
Authors: Bouvier-Bron Michelle
Published: March 2015

L'objet de cet article était de recenser les renseignements concernant le poète grec André Calvos pendant son long séjour à Genève (mai 1821-décembre 1824) dans les Archives d'État (conditions de vie); dans les journaux genevois de l'époque (annonce de la publication de son premier recueil d'odes La Lyre, de celle des cours de littérature italienne, puis grecque qu'il se propose de donner); dans les registres de la Société de Lecture (contacts probables avec l'helléniste Élie-Ami Bétant, l'homme politique James Fazy et le comte Jean Capodistrias). Nous nous sommes interrogée sur les relations qu'il a pu avoir avec les réfugiés piémontais et lombards arrivés nombreux à Genève en 1821 et 1822, et surtout avec le célèbre révolutionnaire Filippo Buonarroti. Enfin, nous donnons une transcription diplomatique de la lettre de recommandation en faveur de Calvos que Jean Capodistrias, alors installé à Genève, adresse le 8 novembre 1824 à Lausanne à son ami Frédéric-César de La Harpe, ancien précepteur du tsar Alexandre et, à l'époque de Calvos, personnage hautement contestataire, proche de la Charbonnerie.

 

 
The Influence of Darwinian Ideas on Greek Literary Writers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: The Case of Emmanuel Roidis
Authors: Zarimis Maria
Published: March 2015

Darwin's works provoked an enormous response in many disciplines including the literary world. This paper presents a portion of my doctoral thesis3, which responds to a blind spot in Greek literary scholarship on evolutionary ideas in comparison to other Western countries. Little work to date focuses on modern Greek writers's responses to Darwinian and other evolutionary ideas. This paper explores the impact of Darwin in selected writings of Emmanuel Roidis and how Roidis satirised Darwinism in his essays and short stories, contributing to the Darwinian discourse on "man's place in nature" and by placing humanity on the same continuum as other primates. The year 2009 marks the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the first publication of his The Origin of Species. It is timely, then, to consider Darwin's impact on modern Greek literature.

 

 
Histoire communautaire et plurielle de la Méditerranée
Authors: Koutzakiotis Georges
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Paradoxes des frontières
Authors: Le Bras Hervé
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Ėchanges et interdépendances entre les îles de l’Est de la Mer Ėgée et le littoral asiatique aux XIXème et XXe siècles
Authors: Siphnéou Evridiki
Published: March 2015

Cet article tâche d'esquisser l'espace commun entre les îles du nord-est de la Mer Égée et la côte asiatique, qui fut pour des siècles leur arrière-pays. Il explore l'interdépendance entre les économies insulaires et leur pourtour géographique. L'argumentation se concentre surtout aux échanges des marchandises et aux déplacements des hommes qui ont constitué un circuit constant d'interactions et ont stimulé la production agraire et industrielle des îles. Il traite des difficultés qui se sont posées au niveau des échanges dès que la frontière gréco-turque s'est érigée entre les deux côtes (1912), suite à la libération des îles de la domination ottomane -un événement politique majeur qui a ralenti le commerce et l'industrie et a conduit à une redéfinition stratégique des marchés. Pourtant, ces changements furent lentement "aperçus" par les entrepreneurs insulaires qui visaient à une réanimation du commerce entre les deux côtes. L'ère des nationalismes a anéanti l'homme d'affaires méditerranéen qui circulait librement dans l'espace unifié de l'ère des empires.
Frontières administratives et identités communales. Le cas de la France, XVIII-XXe siècles
Authors: Motte Claude , Vouloir Marie-Christine
Published: March 2015

Parmi les différentes déclinaisons du terme "frontière" (naturelle, politique, administrative, identitaire), existe-t-il une combinaison d'entre elles qui résisterait le plus farouchement à l'épreuve du temps? Le cas de la France qui, au sein de l'Europe, connaît une exception administrative particulière, est intéressant à observer. Ses nombreuses frontières intérieures ont repoussé avec obstination toute tentative de réduction de leur nombre. Sans doute parce que, laissée à l'initiative des populations locales et respectée par les successifs gouvernements, la définition des territoires s'est appuyée sur la reconnaissance des identités communales construites au cours des siècles par le quotidien des habitants. La correspondance cartographique établie entre le tissu paroissial du XVIIIe siècle en France, et le maillage communal d'aujourd'hui illustre, en dépit des quelques variations observées, la remarquable stabilité de ses frontières administratives.

 
Andrej Mitrovic, Serbia's Great War, 1914-1918
Authors: Pavlowitch Stevan K.
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Entrepreneurship and Relational Capital in a Levantine Context: Bartolomew Edward Abbott, the "Father of the Levant Company" in Thessaloniki (Eighteenth-Nineteenth Centuries)
Authors: Vlami Despina
Published: March 2015

No abstract
La population du Royaume de Grèce (1834-1914). Les sources et leurs apports
Authors: Marre Sebastien
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Clash of Civilizations of International Dialogue? Obituary of Samuel P. Huntington (18 April 1927 - 24 December 2008)
Authors: Veremis Thanos
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Preface
Authors: Chatziioannou Maria Christina
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Stratégies marchandes au temps des troubles et des incertitudes. Le cas de la France mediterranéenne au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Buti Gilbert
Published: March 2015

No abstract
The Napoleonic Wars and the Disruption of Mediterrnean Shipping and Trade: British, Greek and American Merchants in Livorno
Authors: Galani Katerina
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Paul Kléber Monod, Imperial Island: A History of Britain and its Empire,1660-1837
Authors: Kapetanakis Panayiotis S.
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Leda Papastefanaki, Εργασία, τεχνολογία και φύλο στην ελληνική βιομηχανία. Η κλωστοϋφαντουργία του Πειραιά, 1870-1940
Authors: Papanelopoulou Faidra
Published: March 2015

No abstract
La seconde vie des chansons populaires grecques. Modes d’incorporation de l’élément populaire dans l’intelligentsia du XIXe siècle
Authors: Politis Alexis
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Unhistoric Acts: The Three Lives of Romanos Nikiforou
Authors: Lauxtermann Marc D.
Published: March 2015

No abstract
Old Tunes, New Tones: (Re-)Defining the “Phanariot Verses” of the Greek Enlightenment
Authors: Chatzipanagioti-Sangmeister Julia
Published: March 2015

Phanariot verses – poems and songs – of the eighteenth century and the first decades of the nineteenth comprise perhaps the largest segment of Modern Greek literature of the Age of the Enlightenment. This article calls into question the widely held view that Phanariot verses make up a homogenized body of texts. Based on extratextual and intratextual criteria and comparing texts from different periods of time, it proposes a distinction between two groups, an earlier one that relates to the Phanariot milieu and a more recent one that provided an outlet for expression for the fledgling Greek bourgeoisie.
Romanticism and Politics: from Heinrich Heine to Carl Schmitt – and Back Again
Authors: Vallianos Pericles S.
Published: March 2015

After a reference to the debate concerning the concept of Romanticism (Lovejoy vs Wellek), the article briefly evokes certain key stances of English and French literary
Romanticism. It then points to the distinguishing features of German Romanticism, namely the enlargement of the doctrine into an integral metaphysics with the concept of the “organic state” at its core (A. Müller). The critique of political Romanticism by two revolutionary democrats (H. Heine and A. Ruge) is then presented. The article closes with a critique of C. Schmitt’s interpretation of political Romanticism.
Nelfinavir and other protease inhibitors in cancer: mechanisms involved in anticancer activity
Authors: Koltai Tomas
Published: March 2015

Objective:To review the mechanisms of anti-cancer activity of nelfinavir and other protease inhibitors (PIs) based on evidences reported in the published literature.

Methods:We extensively reviewed the literature concerning nelfinavir (NFV) as an off target anti-cancer drug and other PIs. A classification of PIs based on anti-cancer mode of action was proposed. Controversies regarding nelfinavir mode of action were also addressed.

Conclusions:The two main mechanisms involved in anti-cancer activity are endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response pathway and Akt inhibition. However there are many other effects, partially dependent and independent of those mentioned, that may be useful in cancer treatment, including MMP-9 and MMP-2 inhibition, down-regulation of CDK-2, VEGF, bFGF, NF-kB, STAT-3, HIF-1 alfa, IGF, EGFR, survivin, BCRP, androgen receptor, proteasome, fatty acid synthase (FAS), decrease in cellular ATP concentration and upregulation of TRAIL receptor DR5, Bax, increased radiosensitivity, and autophagy. The end result of all these effects is slower growth, decreased angiogenesis, decreased invasion and increased apoptosis, which means reduced proliferation and increased cancer cells death.

PIs may be classified according to their anticancer activity at clinically achievable doses, in AKT inhibitors, ER stressors and Akt inhibitors/ER stressors.

Beyond the phase I trials that have been recently completed, adequately powered and well-designed clinical trials are needed in the various cancer type settings, and specific trials where NFV is tested in association with other known anti-cancer pharmaceuticals should be sought, in order to find an appropriate place for NFV in cancer treatment.

The analysis of controversies on the molecular mechanisms of NFV hints to the possibility that NFV works in a different way in tumor cells and in hepatocytes and adipocytes.
On the Model of Radical Autonomization of Justice of the Peace in the Russian Federation
Authors: Klyeandrov Mikhail
Published: March 2015

The author justifies the advisability of radical reformation of the global justice system by granting higher autonomy to it and transforming it into a set of specialized judicial bodies. The autonomy is supposed to manifest itself in all three elements of the justice mechanism — judicial, arbitral (of the first, appeals and cassation instances) and judges’ status, while specialized jurisdiction would primarily affect about 30 million of Russians (country and small town inhabitants), essentially involved in commercial activities as unregistered entrepreneurs.
Local Self-Government: History and the Modern Practice
Authors: Vasilev Vsevolod
Published: March 2015

The article is devoted to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the USSR Law “On general principles of local self-government and local economy in the USSR”. Adopted on April 9, 1990, the Law represents the first legal document that legally sets forth democratic decentralization of the Soviet state by creating a new political institute of grass-roots democracy which is closely linked to territorial communities. The Law was created in the period of radical changes in the social life, “at the crisis point of eras” and reflected the features of the Soviet system that was receding into the past. But in the focus of the Law there were the new rules, which clearly demonstrated visible signs of the newly emerging social relations, the parameters of the mechanism of the new government. The article focuses on the history of developing the fundamental ideas of local self-government. Although some legal definitions contained in the Law, have lost its relevance, its core ideas could not become outdated and serve as guidelines for present-day establishment of local authorities in the Russian Federation. For example, determinative participation of the population in the solution of issues of local significance, territorial determinancy of local self-government, economic independence of local authorities, municipal property, the balance between powers and their financial support, organizational independence of the local government. The article analyzes how these principles are currently being implemented.
Directive on Self-Employed Commercial Agents in the Practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Vlasova Nataliya
Published: March 2015

The article considers the main provisions of Directive 86/653/EEC on self-employed commercial agents in the light of their interpretation by the Court of Justice of the EU: the scope of the Directive, characteristics of commercial agency services, commercial agent’s remuneration, commercial agent’s right for indemnity or compensation in case of the agency contract termination. The author notes that preliminary rulings of the Court of Justice of the EU can be regarded as guiding lines for national courts of the EU member states in dispute resolution arising from agency contracts. The author draws the conclusions that the aim of EU agency services regulation is to protect commercial agents’ interests; that the Court of Justice of the EU interprets provisions of Directive 86/653/EEC as overriding mandatory rules; and that Directive 86/653/EEC is of great importance for further development of the contract law unification in the EU in “soft law” documents.
Events of Yalta Conference in 1945 as a tourist resource for bus trips to the Crimea
Authors: Шевченко Олег , Shevchenko Oleg
Published: March 2015

Article is devoted to building the technological route maps on the events of the Crimean Conference of 1945. In this context, the blocks can serve as a framework of thematic tours on the history of espionage, diplomacy and is an introduction in the classic routes, "Magic South Coast of the Crimea", "Steppe. Mountains. Sea", "Three palaces", "To the rocks of Ai-Petri" etc.

Particular attention is paid to those aspects of the Crimea Conference, which is almost not used in the current tour routes. This is the airport near the city ofSaki, who was the "Gate of the Crimea Conference", the rest house of Winston Churchill in Simferopol. Many classical objects, it is proposed to refocus on the events in February 1945. For example a "normal" natural history tour of the park Vorontsov Palace the author transforms in the "Local History" route. The latter focuses on the issues of the safety, the residence of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (Vorontsov Palace) and oddities occurring in the park during the Crimean conference. Article provided with a detailed technical route guidance, which includes items such as: route, time, objects display, illuminated questions, route indication stops, guidelines, organizational instructions. In general terms the author describes the course of the conference and its important, local history items.

The article will be useful not only for professional tour guides, tour leaders of organizations, but also designed for lovers who during their visits to the Crimea want to independently examine a number of lesser-known sites devoted to a major diplomatic summit of the anti-Hitler coalition in the Second World War.
Potenal and prospects of invesng in the tourism and recreaon industry of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Абдулхаиров Абжемиль , Abdulkhairov Abzhemil
Published: March 2015

In the article the author makes an attempt to analyze the investment potential of tourism and recreation industry of Crimea taking into account modern geopolitical and socio-economic realities. Main resultsand tendencies of investment activity on the territory of the Republic of Crimea in 2013-2014 are described, and also its further prospects are marked. It is shown, that because of the negative socio-political and socio-economic processes in Ukraine and Crimea during previous years in the region large investment projects were not practically undertaken, including those related to creation of a resort mega complex, the so-called «Crimean Antalya». At the same time now there is a large number of the investment proposals, related to creation of traditional objects of location, objects of general resort infrastructure, objects of the specialized tourism (mountain-skiing, yachts, go If-tourism), and also entertaining parks of thematic orientation. On the basis of method of SWOT-analysis the author determines strong and weak sides, opportunities and threats related to investing in the tourism and recreation infrastructure of the Republic of Crimea at the current stage. Basic priorities of regional investment policy, for which the authorities of the Republic of Crimea declared such fundamental principles, as equal possibilities, «transparency», borrowing of the best experience of other regions of Russian Federation, are also marked. Major directions of activities on the improvement of investment climate should become: final transition of tourism and recreation industry of Crimea into the legal field of the Russian Federation; creation of a free economic zone (a zone of priority development) with a preferential tax system; synchronization of existent investment projects with the Federal Target Program «Socio-economic development of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol until the 2020»; maintaining social and political stability in the region and overcoming negative consequences of the international sanctions, imposed on by a number of countries of Europe, North America and Pacific region.
Features of the organizaon of territorial recreaon systems on protected areas of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Воронина Анна , Voronina Anna
Published: March 2015

The structure of the organization of territorial recreational system of specially protected natural territories of the Crimea Republic is demonstrated. The features of the sectoral and territorial organization of the recreational system of specially protected natural areas in the region are described. The reunification of the Crimea with Russia pulls broad prospects for the development of recreational activities within the protected areas. Of particular relevance is consideration of the particular sectoral and territorial organization in the transition period of Crimea recreation in the legislative field of the Russian Federation and the prospects for its further development. Considering the features of the organization of recreational activities in the protected areas of the Crimea, noted a wide range of works on recreational geography of Crimea. Territorial recreational system within protected areas can be represented as a historically established combination of interconnected components of diverse environmental and recreational sector, formed in the natural-ecological and socio-economic environment of the region to maintain the prevailing environmental functions of territories and comfortable environment in which the recreational functions within the protected areas can be performed. Sectoral structure ofTerritorial recreational system has a rather complex structure and is largely dependent on the type of protected area and a set of constraints of environmental management and conservation within it. In the sectoral structure distinguished are three possible units: tourism and recreation, the complex of public services´ sectors, the complex of related industries. In terms of socio-geographical research the components of sectoral and territorial system T of Territorial recreational system must ensure the optimal geo-ecological and socio-economic mix of the functions of protected areas and to provide a contribution to sustainable development of the regions, providing the co-adaptation of the natural and recreational systems, increasing the level of environmental and recreational development of the territory.
Foundaon of the tourist-excursion route «Naves of Smolensk in the history of the Crimea»
Authors: Щербакова Светлана , Shcherbakova Svetlana , Купченко Константин , Kupchenko Konstantin
Published: March 2015

The history and prospects of development of the Crimea as the region of Russia has recently aroused great interest. In the contemporary period of the development of the Crimea for different sectors of economics of the region new opportunities are opened. A transition period has come for the tourist industry of the Crimea. Having varied and unique natural and historical and cultural potential for the development of tourism, the Crimea destination is ready for the new way of the development of tourism, that is why at the contemporary stage quite timely would there begin the development of new unique touristic products to strengthen the incoming touristic flow to the region.

In accordance with it the article presents the retrospective survey of touristic arrivals to the Crimea, moreover, there is an analysis of the current state of tourism of the Crimea peninsula and prospects of its development in the tourism sphere. More than that, the article reviews the main aspects of the Program of development of tourism in the Crimea and reveals the promising kinds of tourism in the Crimea destination. Special attention is paid to the scientific and educational reasoning of the uniquely designed tourist-excursion route "Natives of Smolensk in the history of the Crimea", which reflects the life and activities of natives of Smolensk region in the history of the Crimea.

There are presented brief biographical background notes about the activities of the natives of Smolensk in the Crimea, such as: Grigory Potemkin, Pavel Nakhimov, Yakov Esipovich, Mikhail Efimov. The article points the objects of demonstration of the unique authorial route connected with the activities of the famous natives of Smolensk in the Crimea: commemorative tablets, monuments, busts, commemorative coins and even the minor planet №2754. The route "Natives of Smolensk in the history of the Crimea" is aimed at the development of incoming and domestic tourism, as well as at the upbringing of the sense of public spirit. In the historical retrospective the route reveals interesting facts about well-known historical figures.

The article also reveals the possible prospects of promotion of the new suggested touristic product at the modern stage of development of tourism in the Crimea.
Effectiveness of topiramate in lipomatosis comorbid with agoraphobia and migraine. Case study
Authors: Koch Josef
Published: March 2015

Topiramate has been used in epilepsy and migraine for more than ten years. Recently, it has gained
importance in the treatment of obesity, particularly in combination with phentermine. We report the
case of a 51-year-old woman suffering from agoraphobia with panic attacks, diabetes and migraine.
In addition, she simultaneously developed generalized lipomatosis leading to a weight gain of more
than 20[th]kg. She was given topiramate up to 100[th]mg per day in addition to an SSRI (citalopram)
and a melatoninergic drug (agomelatine). Gradually, within two years after starting topiramate, she
lost 20[th]kg, with a corresponding reduction of thorax and arm circumference. Although the mechanism
of weight loss remains to be clarified, topiramate may be an alternative approach in patients
suffering from generalized lipomatosis.
The experience of adoption in a biographical narration of adoptive parents
Authors: Wąsiński Arkadiusz
Published: March 2015

The aim of the study was the analysis of key motives for adoption in the context of life experiences of childless
couples. This article covers the selected aspects of the qualitative analysis of the biographical narrations
obtained during the narration interviews conducted with Polish and French adoptive parents. The
study was conducted using the biographical method.
The choice of adoptive parenthood depends on achieving inner readiness to undertake an existential challenge.
In general, this challenge involves acceptance of oneself and one’s spouse in the context of infertility
as well as a new dimension of parenthood.
The interpretative and cognitive character of biographical narration gains a particular meaning in the case
of significant events and experiences identified by the states of loss and pain, as well as of opening to another
human being and presenting them with love. This includes the experience of infertility and adoption
of a child. It is then, when a man facing the key choice between the alternative and often excluding one
another, “projects” describing himself in the future must opt for one of them. This choice is impossible to
make without constructing a complex biographical narration that facilitates intellectual work through the
difficult experiences and re-construction of oneself.
In the diversity and unpredictability of the individual biographical narrations, which are the “projects” of
personal autocreation of childless spouses who are oriented to achieve the readiness to adopt a child, a
particularly inspiring cognitive value may be found.
Efficient and valid assessment of personality traits: population norms of a brief version of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI)
Authors: Korner Annett , Czajkowska Zofia , Albani Cornelia , Drapeau Martin , Geyer Michael , Braehler Elmar
Published: March 2015

Aim of the study

The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), a well-established 60-item questionnaire based on the
Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality, provides a valuable framework for the interdisciplinary approach
to personality research and clinical practice. In response to the need for briefer personality measures, a
30-item version of the NEO-FFI (NEO-FFI-30) was developed and its factor structure replicated.

Subject or material and methods

The study examines the psychometric quality of NEO-FFI-30 and provides population-based
norms (n=1908 adults). Reliability coefficients, kurtosis, skewness, correlations and effect sizes illustrate
the psychometric properties of the measure.

Results

The relationships between neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
and sociodemographic characteristics confirm previous research findings and speak to the validity
of the brief version. Namely, women report higher neuroticism and agreeableness. Younger individuals
indicate more extraversion but less agreeableness and conscientiousness. Finally, openness to experience
was related to higher education. Percentile ranks are provided for the total sample and for subgroups
by age and gender.

Discussion

In sum, the 30-item-version of the NEO-FFI constitutes an assessment tool comparable to the full-length instrument regarding psychometric properties.

Conclusions

In sum, the 30-item-version of the NEO-FFI constitutes an assessment tool comparable to the full-length instrument regarding psychometric properties. As such, the NEO-FFI-30 is a promising alternative to longer questionnaires, as well as to single-item measures of personality used in research and clinical practice.
Multidimensional unconscious structural changes in Davanloo’s intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Part I
Authors: Hickey Catherine
Published: March 2015

Davanloo’s intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy is a brief dynamic therapy that focuses on transference
feelings and resistance. By doing so, therapist and patient can work together to enable the patient
to have a full experience of unconscious feelings – namely rage, grief and guilt. However, this experience
of unconscious feelings is not the only therapeutic factor. In addition, the therapist must expertly
apply multidimensional unconscious structural changes. Doing so allows the patient to make conscious
sense of unconscious experiences. This article focuses on the Montreal Closed Circuit training programme,
which is a new teaching format for Davanloo. A case will be presented which will highlight the application
of multidimensional unconscious structural changes in a highly resistant patient.
Multidimensional unconscious structural changes in Davanloo’s intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy. Part II
Authors: Hickey Catherine
Published: March 2015

This is the second of a two part-series on Davanloo’s intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP).
In the first part, the theoretical foundations for Davanloo’s metapsychology of the unconscious were
reviewed. In the past five years Davanloo has focused his teaching on a live, Closed Circuit interviewing
programme. The format of this programme, the Montreal Closed Circuit training programme, was also discussed
and an interview from this programme was reviewed. This second article continues with this interview,
exploring it in depth. Special consideration is given to the application of multidimensional unconscious
structural changes as a means of creating intrapsychic changes.
The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among women with normal vaginal delivery in Zahedan city
Authors: Firouzkouhi Moghadam Mahboubeh , Shamsi Alireza , Hajizadeh Moro Fatemeh
Published: March 2015

Aim of the study

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among postpartum
women in Zahedan city, Iran.

Subject or material and methods

Data in this cross-sectional study were gathered from healthcare centres of Zahedan, a city in
south-east Iran. Four-hundred women with childbirth experience over the past few months were selected;
between 6 and 24 weeks had passed since their delivery. We used three questionnaires in order to evaluate
the demographic data, PTSD symptoms and traumatic childbirth experience.

Results

The mean parity was 3.40±2.55 children and the mean duration of pain was 19.44±9.16 hours.
Overall, 7.8%, 36% and 0.5% of the subjects had a previous history of curettage, episiotomy and vacuum
evacuation, respectively. In total, 32% of the participants showed PTSD symptoms. Prevalence of
PTSD was not significantly associated with parity, pain duration, education level or employment status.
Significant correlation with PTSD was found with the mode of delivery (P=0.013), curettage (P=0.005)
and length of hospitalization. Also, prevalence of PTSD was substantially associated with the type of pregnancy
(planned or unintended) (P=0.011).

Discussion

Women with PTSD were not significantly different from those without PTSD in terms of
parity, pain duration, education level or employment status.

Conclusions

History of curettage, episiotomy and vacuum
evacuation increased the incidence of PTSD in postpartum women. Moreover, unwanted pregnancy
was more common among women with PTSD compared with normal subjects and length of hospitalization
was longer.
Influence of individual psychological support on the severity of psychopathological symptoms in patients with paranoid schizophrenia
Authors: Witkowska Bogumiła
Published: March 2015

Aim of the study

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between psychological therapeutic interactions
and the severity of psychopathological symptoms in patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia
during their hospitalisation.

Subject or material and methods

The study involved 60 patients hospitalised for paranoid schizophrenia. They were
divided into two groups of 30. The first group consisted of patients actively using psychological assistance
and the second group of patients not benefiting from such aid. The PANSS and the author’s own questionnaire
were used to conduct the assessment. In the survey, patients were asked to determine the frequency
and quality of contact with a psychologist.

Results

The results show that at the beginning of hospitalisation, patients in both groups did not differ
significantly from one another in terms of the severity of psychopathological symptoms measured with
PANSS. The group actively using psychological support during hospitalisation received significantly lower
scores in general PANSS. Also, all subscales of PANSS indicate a significant decrease in scores. This
means that in patients of the first group there was a significant weakening of positive, negative and general
symptoms as compared with the second group.

Discussion

The results confirm the validity of the inclusion of psychotherapy in treatment of people with
paranoid schizophrenia.

Conclusions

Patients in the group actively using psychological support during hospitalisation achieved
significantly greater reduction in the severity of psychopathological symptoms compared with patients in
the group not participating in therapy. Persons in contact with therapists became significantly healthier
(symptomatic improvement) than those in the second group.
The effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing pathological worry in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a preliminary study
Authors: Rezvani Farima , Dowlatabadi Shiva , Behzadi Safieh
Published: March 2015

Aim of the study

The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
(EMDR) in reducing pathological worry in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Subject or material and methods

Method. Three women with GAD were selected using a purposeful sampling method based on the Structured
Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I). A baseline single-case experimental design
was used and participants were included in the treatment in a stepped manner. The Generalized Anxiety
Disorder Questionnaire (GADQ-IV), the Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), the Worry
Domain Questionnaire (WDQ), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS) and the Cognitive Avoidance
Questionnaire (CAQ) were used as the baseline, pre-treatment, post-treatment and one-month followup
assessments.

Results

Results. The results showed that EMDR is effective in reducing pathological worry in patients with GAD.
The participants were also successful in reducing the extent of their areas of worry, increasing their tolerance
to uncertainty and conquering their cognitive avoidance. One-month follow-up also showed that
the decline trend of participants’ worries continued.

Discussion

During EMDR, participants’ negative images, emotions
and cognition were decreased and gradually lost their reliability, whereas positive aspects became
alive and active.

Conclusions

EMDR is an effective method for the treatment of GAD in women.
Biofilm in wound care
Authors: Rajpaul Kumal
Published: March 2015

A biofilm can be described as a microbial colony encased in a polysaccharide matrix which can become attached to a wound surface. This can affect the healing potential of chronic wounds due to the production of destructive enzymes and toxins which can promote a chronic inflammatory state within the wound. Biofilms can be polymicrobial and can result in delayed wound healing and chronic wound infection resistant to antibiotics, leading to prolonged hospitalisation for some patients. There appears to be a correlation between biofilms and non-healing in chronic wounds. It is suggested that biofilms are a major player in the chronicity of wounds. They are a complex concept to diagnose and management needs to be multifactorial.
Exploring failure to fail in pre-registration nursing
Authors: Vinales James Jude
Published: March 2015

Failing a student nurse can be a challenging task for mentors in the learning environment. It is often an unpleasant experience for all involved. However, mentors have a duty to uphold the reputation of the nursing profession and be the gatekeepers of the profession and the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) professional register. Failing a student who is not meeting the required competence in the learning environment is a way of safeguarding the nursing profession and the future workforce. This article will look at the mentor's role when a student nurse is identified as not meeting competencies in the learning environment. The article explores the importance of following process when identifying weak students and the role that clinical educators and university staff have in supporting mentors when a student is deemed to be failing their learning experience.
Medication absorption for patients with an ileostomy
Authors: Moore Susan
Published: March 2015

The Association of Stoma Care Nurses UK (2013) has stressed that it is the role of the stoma care nurse to provide education to patients, carers, prescribers and other nurses. This includes the area of medication management. Ensuring patients with an ileostomy receive their medication in a form they can absorb is of importance to every stoma care nurse. Prescribing for patients with a stoma calls for special care. Each patient with an ileostomy requires assessment of their medication regimen for the purpose of identifying potential medical absorption issues. However, from an extensive literature search, it is evident that there is very little literature published on this subject. This article looks at the considerations to take into account when prescribing medication for ileostomy patients, and examines the results of a clinical audit on medication prescribers' knowledge of the impact of ileostomy formation on the absorption of medication.
Justifying your Pupil Premium spending
Authors: Sobel Daniel
Published: March 2015

It is essential that schools are able to justify their decisions over how to spend the Pupil Premium when inspectors come calling. Daniel Sobel offers some simple, yet effective approaches
Finding the balance with homework
Authors: O'Connell Suzanne
Published: March 2015

Too much? Too little? And is it really worth it in the end? The debate surrounding homework continues amid concerns that it exacerbates disadvantage. Suzanne O'Connell asks schools about their policies
Tackling homophobia
Authors: Newton Alex
Published: March 2015

The 10th annual LGBT History Month has just come to an end. Alex Newton, from charity Stonewall, offers primary schools some best practice advice for tackling homophobia and celebrating difference
Champion the benefits
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: March 2015

Karen Hart talks to a school which is using the pupil premium to try new intervention strategies and using an evidence-based approach to measure results.