bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le jugement des juges des sections spéciales et le « principe sacré » du secret du délibéré
Authors: Bancaud Alain , Jean Jean-Paul
Published: December 2018

À la Libération se pose de manière pressante la question de la responsabilité des magistrats pour leur attitude sous Vichy, où cinq d’entre eux ont déjà été exécutés par la Résistance. Les magistrats ayant participé, le 27 août 1941, à l’audience de la section spéciale de la cour d’appel de Paris sont les premiers à être traduits, dès novembre 1944, devant la commission centrale d’épuration de la magistrature. Dans cette affaire emblématique, le secret du délibéré est levé pour savoir qui a voté la mort et qui s’y est opposé. Cette brèche dans le respect d’un « principe sacré », qui trahit le serment « religieusement » prêté va poser « le cas de conscience du magistrat » et aura des conséquences directes sur les poursuites pénales et les condamnations qui vont suivre.
Le procès de Charles Maurras (24-27 janvier 1945)
Authors: Fillon Catherine
Published: December 2018

Le procès de Charles Maurras traduit la volonté de juger un des intellectuels les plus influents sur la doctrine de Vichy. Au terme d’une audience tenue par des magistrats jugés par la défense comme trop proches de Vichy, Maurras échappe à la peine de mort. Condamné à la réclusion criminelle à perpétuité et à la dégradation nationale, il sera gracié en 1952. Il accueille la sentence avec ces mots : « C’est la revanche de Dreyfus ! »
Le droit romain n’est plus. Note sur un conte écrit par Aragon en 1944
Authors: Bougnoux Daniel
Published: December 2018

Dans ce texte écrit au cours de l’été 1944, Louis Aragon, résistant actif et témoin des combats du Vercors, évoque un arrière-plan juridique souvent occulté de la Résistance : celui de la restauration des institutions républicaines et de l’état de droit dans les villes libérées en un temps où le droit romain était menacé par une conception hitlérienne selon laquelle le salut du peuple allemand était érigé en loi suprême.
L’oubli ou la garantie d’être
Authors: Leblanc Cathy
Published: December 2018

Dans les sociétés contemporaines, l’oubli est une perte et on explore trop rarement les vertus qu’il peut posséder. Mais qui pourrait survivre sans l’oubli ? Sans lui, le monde serait infernal car tout événement entrerait dans la sphère publique. Pardon et réconciliation disparaîtraient. La possibilité de l’avenir repose bel et bien sur l’oubli. La garantie de notre être et de notre intériorité aussi. C’est tout le problème de la trace dans les réseaux sociaux. Une fois l’histoire de vie narrée, on la retrouve à jamais. L’espace intérieur n’est plus gardé et cette absence d’oubli ouvre sur l’immédiateté du rapport à autrui, au risque de laisser la voie à la violence, quand c’est bien la réflexion intérieure qui peut contenir cette violence.
Corneal Aberration Changes After Hyperopic LASIK: A Comparison Between the VISX Star S2 and the Asclepion-Meditec MEL 70 G Scan Excimer Lasers
Authors: Albarrán-Diego César , Muñoz Gonzalo , Montés-Micó Robert , Rodriguez Antonio , Alió Jorge L
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compute and compare anterior corneal aberration changes following hyperopic LASiK using two different excimer lasers: the VISX Star S2 and the AsclepionMeditec MEL 70 G Scan.

METHODS: The right eyes of 43 patients with preoperative refraction ranging from +0.75 to +5.50 diopters (D) and astigmatism ranging from 0.00 to 1.00 D were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was operated with the Star S2, a broad -beam excimer laser (n=22), and the second group with the MEL 70, a flying-spot excimer laser (n=21). Total higher order aberrations (Z^sup i^^sub n^, n≥3), coma (Z^sup ±1^
3
, Z^sup ±1^
5
), and spherical aberration (Z^sup o^
4
) values were computed from videokeratography using CTView software preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively, for 3.0- and 6.5-mm aperture diameters.

RESULTS: Higher order aberrations, coma, and spherical aberration increased after hyperopic LASIK and were greater for larger pupil diameters in both groups. No statistically significant differences were found between the Star S 2 and MEL 70 excimer lasers in terms of aberrometric increase, mean postoperative visual acuity, and residual refraction.

CONCLUSIONS: Anterior corneal aberrations increase after hyperopic LASIK. The type of laser (Star S2 versus MEL 70) seems to have no impact on the amount of anterior corneal aberrations induced after hyperopic LASIK. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:34-42.]
Complex Wavefront-guided Retreatments With the Alcon CustomCornea Platform After Prior LASIK
Authors: Hiatt James Andrew , Grant Colin N , Wachler Brian S Boxer
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report the results of complex wavefrontguided LASIK retreatments.

METHODS: Twenty eyes (15 patients) with histories of conventional LASIK surgery and significant visual complaints of glare and halos due to higher order aberrations were treated. Wavefront-guided retreatments were performed with the LADARVision CustomCornea system (Alcon, Ft Worth, Tex). Pre- and postoperative topographies, wavefront measurements, and subjective reports were analyzed.

RESULTS: Postoperatively, patients had an expanded optical zone, many with improved centration. Lower and higher order aberrations decreased following wavefrontguided ablation. Mean higher order root-mean-square decreased from 1.01 ±0.25 µm preoperative Iy to 0.84±0.23µm postoperatively. Mean coma decreased from 0.59±0.26 µm to 0.43 ±0.21 /im. Mean spherical aberration decreased from 0.66 ±0.25 µm to 0.54 ±0.27 µm. Subjective reports of glare and halo symptoms improved in all patients.

CONCLUSIONS: CustomCornea wavefront-guided treatments are effective in reducing lower and higher order aberrations, expanding optical zones, and improving subjective reports of adverse aberration sequelae such as glare and halos. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:48-53.]
Artisan Aphakic Intraocular Lens Implantation in Cases of Subluxated Crystalline Lenses Due to Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Aspiotis Miltiadis , Asproudis Ioannis , Stefaniotou Maria , Gorezis Spiridon , Psilas Konstantinos
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess implantation of an Artisan aphakic intraocular lens (IOL) in cases with subluxated lenses due to Marfan syndrome.

METHODS: Retrospective study of a small case series comprised of seven eyes (two children and three adults) with subluxated lenses due to Marfan syndrome that underwent lens extraction and Artisan aphakic IOL implantation. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and endothelial cell status were the key elements of follow-up examinations.

RESULTS: No complications occurred during surgery. Visual acuity was improved by ^4 Snellen lines in all seven eyes. These results were maintained at the last follow-up. Endothelial cell status remained constant in all cases at 6-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: In seven eyes with a subluxated crystalline lens due to Marfan syndrome, implantation of an Artisan aphakic IOL improved visual acuity while preserving anterior chamber status. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:99-101.]
Pharmacological-induced Haptic Changes and the Accommodative Performance in Patients With the AT-45 Accommodative IOL
Authors: Stachs Oliver , Schneider Hanka , Beck Ria , Guthoff Rudolf
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the accommodative performance of the AT-45 (eyeonics Inc, Aliso Viejo, Calif) using three-dimensional ultrasound biomicroscopy.

METHODS: The AT-45 haptic region was visualized in vivo 1 month after surgery in four patients using an in-house developed three-dimensional ultrasound biomicroscope. Haptic changes, axial shift, and accommodation amplitude were determined under pharmacologically induced accommodation.

RESULTS: The angulation, depending on the accommodation state, could be distinguished and analyzed. In vivo a mean change in haptic angulation of 3.3 ± 3.3° (range: 0° to 7°) and a mean forward shift of 0.13 ± 0.08 mm (range: 0.05 to 0.2 mm) were observed for the AT-45 using pharmacologically induced accommodation. A mean accommodative amplitude of 0.44 ± 0.24 diopters (D) (range: 0.25 to 0.75 D) was found using a Hartinger coincidence refractometer.

CONCLUSIONS: Minimal angulation changes and axial movements of the AT-45 have been demonstrated using pharmacological stimulation and objective measurement methods. The mechanical performance of the AT-45 in these eyes does not appear to provide the range of accommodation necessary for close work. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:145-150.]
Corneal Infiltrates After Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy and LASIK
Authors: de Oliveira Giselle C , Solari Helena P , Ciola Fabiano B , Lima Ana Luisa Höfling , Campos Mauro S
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of corneal infiltrates after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and to evaluate the efficacy of treatment.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 8508 eyes treated with PRK or LASIK in a university-based clinic for the correction of refractive errors for 60 days postoperatively.

RESULTS: Corneal infiltrates were observed in 35 (0.8%) of 4492 PRK-operated eyes and in 4 (0.1%) of 4016 LASI K-operated eyes. The mean time of diagnosis was 5.46 days. Among the 39 eyes with infiltrates, 10 (9 PRK, 1 LASIK) had culture-verified infectious keratitis. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequently isolated bacterium (50%), followed by S aureus (20%), Corynebacterium xerosis (10%), Streptococcus viridans (10%), and an unidentified gram-positive coccus (10%). Final visual acuity of ≥20/30, without correction, was achieved in 79.5% of the 39 eyes.

CONCLUSIONS: Corneal infiltrates occurred in 0.8% of PRK eyes and 0.1% of LASIK eyes. Bacterial smears were positive for several eyes. In all cases, prompt treatment was responsible for good visual outcome. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:159-165.]
Response of the Cornea for up to Four Years After Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia
Authors: Lombardo Marco , Lambardo Giuseppe , Manzulli Michele , Serrao Sebastiano
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the long-term corneal topographic changes 4 years after myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

METHODS: This study comprised 15 patients (30 eyes) who had PRK surgery with a scanning-spot excimer laser (Chiron Technolas 217C; Bausch & Lomb, Dornach, Germany) and were followed up to 4 years after surgery. The eyes were subdivided into three groups according to the preoperative spherical equivalent refraction. Corneal topographic maps were obtained for all eyes with a Placido disc topographer. Preoperative and follow-up topographical data were imported into a custom software program, which computed the average composite corneal maps and difference maps for each study group to quantify the anterior corneal changes following laser ablation. The software delineated three concentric zones of the corneal surface to characterize the regional corneal remodeling following the surgery.

RESULTS: A significant central corneal steepening (approximately 0.25 D, P<.001) was calculated between the 1- and 4-year postoperative maps in all study groups. A significant steepening (P<.001) of the corneal periphery was also noted for the lower myopic ablations whereas a peripheral flattening (P<.001) was observed for the deeper ablations between 1 and 4 years after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS: The anterior corneal surface was observed to remodel for up to 4 years after surface ablation, steepening a mean of approximately 0.25 D. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:178-186.]
Late Onset Lamellar Keratitis and Epithelial Ingrowth Following Orbital Cellulitis
Authors: Kuo Ching-Liang , Lin Hsiu-Fen , Fang Po-Chiung , Kuo Hsi-Kung , Ma David Hui-Kang
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report a case of late onset lamellar keratitis and epithelial ingrowth associated with orbital cellulitis 1 month after LASIK surgery.

METHODS: A 19-year-old patient presented with pain and subsequent blurry vision in the right eye. One month prior to presentation, he had undergone LASIK in both eyes. Orbital cellulitis was suspected.

RESULTS: Under aggressive treatment, the patient recovered from orbital cellulitis and lamellar keratitis and he also regained his vision with topical steroid treatment.

CONCLUSIONS: Lamellar keratitis does not always occur early following LASIK and may be associated with orbital cellulitis. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:202-204.]
Retinal Detachment in Myopic Eyes After Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Ruiz-Moreno José Ma , Montero Javier A , de la Vega Concepción , Alió Jorge L , Zapater Pedro
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To analyze the risk of retinal detachment in highly myopic patients who underwent implantation of phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs).

METHODS: In a retrospective, non-comparative, interventional case series, the occurrence of retinal detachment was analyzed in 522 consecutive highly myopic eyes (323 patients) that underwent PIOL implantation. Treatment and results were reviewed. Parameters evaluated were best corrected visual acuity before and after retinal detachment surgery and time between refractive surgery and retinal detachment.

RESULTS: Fifteen (2.87%) eyes presented with retinal detachment after PIOL implantation, with a mean time between surgery and detachment of 24.4 ±24.4 months (range: 1 to 92 months). The risk of retinal detachment in patients with high myopia corrected by PIOL implantation was 0.57% at 3 months, 1.64% at 12 months, 2.73% at 36 months, and 4.06% at 92 to 145 months (Kaplan-Meier analysis). A comparative study between the group of patients with retinal detachment and the remaining patients without retinal detachment was performed. Differences were found in axial length (30.65±1.97 vs 29.51±2.02; P=. 028, one factor-analysis of variance test).

CONCLUSIONS: The risk of retinal detachment in eyes implanted with phakic lenses for the correction of high myopia is higher in eyes with axial length >30.24 mm. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:247-252.]
Laser Subepithelial Keratomileusis for the Correction of High Myopia With the Schwind ESIRIS Scanning Spot Laser
Authors: O'Brart David P S , Al-Attar Mervat , Hussein Badril , Angunawela Romesh , Marshall John
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for the correction of high myopia with the Schwind ESIRIS scanning spot laser (Schwind eye-tech -solutions Gmbh & Co, Kleinostheim, Germany).

METHODS: Fifty-one patients (76 eyes) were treated with a mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction of -7.55 diopters (D) (range: -6.0 to -10.75 D). All eyes received a LASEK technique using 15% alcohol with a 20-second application.

RESULTS: An intact epithelial flap was obtained in 73 (96%) eyes. At 1 week, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was >20/30 in 53 (70%) eyes and 5*20/60 in all eyes. At 6 months (n=76), the mean SE was +0.08 D (range: -1.00 to +1.875 D) with 73 (96%) eyes within ±1.0 D of the intended correction and 60 (79%) eyes within ±0.5 D. At 12 months (n=46), the mean SE was -0.07 D (range: -1.375 to +2.0 D) with 44 (96%) eyes within ±1.0 D of the intended correction and 37 (80%) eyes within ±0.5 D. Myopic cylindrical corrections were attempted in 68 eyes (range: -0.25 to -4.25 D) with vector analysis demonstrating a mean 85% correction. At last follow-up, UCVA was >20/20 in 47 (62%) eyes, ^20/25 in 63 (83%) eyes, and 3=20/40 in 75 (99%) eyes. Three (4%) eyes gained two lines of Snellen decimal equivalent best spectacle-corrected visual acuity compared to preoperative levels, 68 (89%) eyes showed no change or gained one line, and 5 (7%) eyes lost one line. None lost more than one line. Only 2 (3%) eyes at 6 to 12 months had more than +1 axial corneal haze and 50 (66%) showed no evidence of haze on slit-lamp examination.

CONCLUSIONS: Laser subepithelial keratomileusis for myopia up to -11.00 D with the Schwind ESIRIS laser provides good refractive and visual outcomes, with acceptable visual recovery and minimal complications. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:253-262.]
Refractive Change Induced by the LASIK Flap in a Biomechanical Finite Element Model
Authors: Deenadayalu Chaitanya , Mobasher Barzin , Rajan Subby D , Hall Gary W
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To study the effect of varying four parameters on the refractive change induced by the LASIK flap.

METHODS: Using a variety of patient-specific data such as topography, pachymetry, and axial length, a finite element model is built. The model is used in a non-linear finite element analysis to determine the response and change in optical power of the cornea as a function of a material property of the cornea (corneal elasticity), flap diameter and thickness, and intraocular pressure.

RESULTS: The central flattening or hyperopic shift occurred atop the flap in all four of the simulated eyes tested with the creation of the LASIK flap. Of the four parameters tested, modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) had the most profound effect on the results of hyperopic shift, varying from <0.5 diopters (D) in the least elastic (stiftest) cornea to >2.0 D of hyperopic shift in the most elastic cornea. The depth of the lenticular cut was the second -most significant parameter tested varying from 0.24 D at 100 microns to 1.25 D at 275 microns of depth. Varying intraocular pressure demonstrated less difference, and varying corneal flap diameter demonstrated the least difference in induced refractive change on the model. The hyperopic shift was noted to be greater in hyperopic than in myopic eyes (simulated) tested.

CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional finite element analysis modeling of actual patient data could lead to a better understanding of the biomechanical response of corneal tissue to the lenticular flap creation and potentially for ablation patterns produced by the excimer laser. Understanding these biomechanical responses may lead to greater predictability and improvement of visual outcomes. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:286-292.]
Visual Acuity, Contrast Sensitivity, Reading Speed, and Wavefront Analysis: Pseudophakic Eye With Multifocal IOL (ReSTOR) Versus Fellow Phakic Eye in Non-presbyopic Patients
Authors: Souza Carlos E , Gerente Vanessa M , Chalita Maria Regina , Soriano Eduardo Sone , Freitas Lincoln Leme , Belfort Rubens
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the visual performance in the Pseudophakie eye and the phakic eye in four patients who underwent unilateral intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

METHODS: Four patients presenting with unilateral cataract underwent ReSTOR (Alcon Laboratories, Ft Worth, Tex) IOL implantation in their nondominant eye, targeting emmetropia.

RESULTS: Uncorrected near visual acuity was >20/32 in all operated eyes and best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity was 20/16 for two eyes, 20/25 for one eye, and 20/32 for one eye. Reading speed was similar between the eyes, but not for critical print size. Contrast sensitivity was lower in the Pseudophakie eyes. Wavefront analysis showed no considerable difference in total high order aberrations, coma, and spherical aberration between eyes for all patients.

CONCLUSIONS: In young patients with unilateral cataract surgery, unilateral multifocal IOL implantation provides satisfactory visual acuity and may be considered an alternative treatment option in this patient population. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:303-305.]
Traumatic Epithelial Flap Detachment After Laser Subepithelial Keratomileusis
Authors: Tsuji Kazuo , Yamamoto Takahiro , Hori-Komai Yoshiko , Toda Ikuko , Tsubota Kazuo
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report a case of corneal epithelial flap detachment 20 days after laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

METHODS: A 30-year-old man underwent LASEK for correction of myopia. On postoperative day 8, he was comfortable and the corneal epithelium healed completely with uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20. On postoperative day 20, the corneal epithelial flap on the right eye detached and was lost during pressure patching after puncture of the hordeolum.
Topography-guided Treatment of Irregular Astigmatism With the WaveLight Excimer Laser
Authors: Jankov Mirko R , Panagopoulou Sophia I , Tsiklis Nikolaos S , Hajitanasis Georgos C , Aslanides Ioannis M , Pallikaris Ioannis G
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and predictability of correcting high irregular astigmatism in symptomatic eyes with the use of topography-guided photoablation.

METHODS: In a prospective, non-comparative case series, 16 consecutive symptomatic eyes of 11 patients with small hyperopic and myopic excimer laser optical zones, decente red and irregular ablation after corneal graft, and corneal scars were operated. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest and cycloplegic refraction, and corneal topography, with asphe ricity and regularity, were analyzed. LASIK (n=10) and photorefractive keratectomy (n=6) were performed using the ALLEGRETTO WAVE excimer laser and T-CAT software (Topographyguided Customized Ablation Treatment; WaveLight Laser Technologie AG, Erlangen, Germany).

RESULTS: In the LASIK group, UCVA improved from 0.81±0.68 logMAR (20/130) (range: 0.2 to 2.0) to 0.29±0.21 logMAR (20/39) (range: 0.1 to 0.7) at 6 months. In the PRK group, mean UCVA improved from 0.89±0.87 logMAR (20/157) (range: 0.1 to 2.0) to 0.42 ±0.35 logMAR (20/53) (range: 0.1 to 1.0) at 6 months. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity did not change significantly in either group. One PRK patient lost one line of BSCVA. Refractive cylinder for the LASIK group improved from -2.53 ±1.71 diopters (D) (range: -0.75 to -5.75 D) to -1.28±0.99 D (range: 0 to -2.50 D) at 6 months. Refractive cylinder in the PRK group improved from -2.21±2.11 D (range: -0.25 to -5.50 D) to -1.10±0.42 D (range: -0.50 to -1.50 D). Index of surface irregularity showed a decrease from 60±12 (range: 46 to 89) to 50±9 (range: 32 to 63) at 6 months in the LASIK group whereas no significant change was noted in the PRK group. Subjective symptoms, such as glare, halos, ghost images, starbursts, and monocular diplopia, were not present postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS: Topography-guided LASIK and PRK resulted in a significant reduction of refractive cylinder and increase of UCVA, without a significant loss of BSCVA. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:335-344.]
Wavefront-guided Enhancements Using the WaveLight Excimer Laser in Symptomatic Eyes Previously Treated With LASIK
Authors: Kanellopoulos A John , Pe Lawrence H
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe our clinical experience in wavefront-guided LASIK enhancements using the WaveLight ALLEGRETTO system (WaveLight Technologie AG, Erlangen, Germany) for symptomatic eyes previously treated with standard LASIK.

METHODS: Twenty-six eyes of 20 patients with residual myopia, hyperopia, or mixed astigmatism and/or night vision symptoms after primary standard LASIK were considered for wavefront-guided customized retreatment using the WaveLight ALLEGRETTO WAVE 200 Hz excimer laser system (model 106). Preoperative best spectaclecorrected visual acuity (BSCVA), uncorrected visual acuity, topography with the ALLEGRETTO Topolyzer, wavefront analysis using the ALLEGRETTO WAVE Tscherning Analyzer, and contrast sensitivity were compared to postoperative (enhancement) measurements.

RESULTS: Twenty-two of the original 26 eyes underwent wavefront-guided enhancement, 4 were excluded because they did not meet wavefront-guided treatment inclusion guidelines of this study. Mean follow-up was 8 months (range: 6 to 13 months, standard deviation [SD] 2). All patients were within ±0.50 diopters (manifest refraction) of intended postoperative refraction. The mean preoperative BSCVA improved from 20/25 (SD ±0.12) to 20/18 (SD ±0.1) postoperatively. All patients gained at least one line of BSCVA, and a maximum of three lines. There was no loss of BSCVA in any patient. The total amount of high order aberrations (RMSH) decreased from an average of 1.04 (SD ±0.22) to 0.46 (SD ±0.14) µm. Patients also had a mean improvement in low contrast sensitivity of 59%.

CONCLUSIONS: Based on this small series, customized wavefront-guided enhancements using the WaveLight ALLEGRETTO system in patients who underwent previous LASIK appear to be safe and effective in correcting residual refractive error, reducing high order aberrations, and improving visual symptoms when reliable and reproducible measurements are achieved. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:345-349.]
Analysis of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation for Eyes With Previous Myopic LASIK
Authors: Jin George J C , Crandall Alan S , Jin Yian
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a manual keratometry (K) adjusted value for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in patients who underwent cataract surgery following previous myopic LASIK.

METHODS: Sixteen eyes of 14 consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery after previous LASIK were evaluated retrospectively. All IOL powers were calculated using an adjusted K value (K minus 1.0 diopter [D]) with the Binkhorst II formula aiming for -0.75 to -1.00 D final refraction. Additionally, the IOL power for each eye was retrospectively calculated using K, refractive-derived K, and adjusted K with the Binkhorst II, HoIladay I, and SRK/T formulas. The final refraction was used as a criterion of accuracy of each approach.

RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity ≥20/40 was achieved in 14 (87.5%) of 16 eyes. The mean postoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -0.41±0.57 D (range: +0.50 to -2.00 D). Twelve (75%) of 16 eyes were within ±0.50 D of emmetropia and 15 (94%) of 16 eyes were within ±1.00 D. No eye was >+1.00 D.

CONCLUSIONS: Using an adjusted K with the Binkhorst Il formula, aiming for -0.75 to -1.00 D, and with the Holladay I formula, aiming for -0.50 to -1.00 D, measuring K with a regular manual keratometer permits determination of an IOL power after myopic LASIK without the need of preoperative LASIK refractive data. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:387-395.]
Traumatic Late Flap Dehiscence and Enterobacter Keratitis Following LASIK
Authors: Cheung Leanne M , Papalkar Daya , Versace Patrick
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report a case of traumatic flap dehiscence and Enterobacter keratitis 34 months after LASIK.

METHODS: A 36-year-old man sustained a flap dehiscence following traumatic right eye gouging by a seagull claw. He presented the following day with uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) in the affected eye of 3/200 and organic foreign body deposits underneath the flap. Systemic and topical antibiotics were administered and urgent surgical debridement and replacement of the LASIK flap was performed. An Enterobacter species was cultured from an intraoperative swab.

RESULTS: After a prolonged postoperative course, including administration of topical ofloxacin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, and dexamethasone, UCVA returned to 20/20.

CONCLUSIONS: Good visual outcome after early debridement and appropriate antibiotics was achieved. Patients should be advised to seek prompt ophthalmic consultation for injury after LASIK. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:402-404.]
Bartomeu de Tresbens, físic i astròleg del Rei Pere el Ceremoniós i l’infant Joan: entre el servei a la corona i al municipi
Authors: Ferragud Carmel
Published: December 2018

[ca] Bartomeu de Tresbens fou un metge, astròleg i filòsof al servei de dos reis de la Corona d’Aragó, Pere IV el Cerimoniós i el seu fill, el duc Joan, futur Joan I el Caçador, entre els anys 1360 i 1375, aproximadament. La seua important obra de contingut astrològic a penes ha estat estudiada, si n’exceptuem el Llibre de les nativitats. De la mateixa manera, la major part de la seua biografia ens és desconeguda. Conservem documents, correspondència fonamentalment, de la seua relació amb la monarquia, però també altres registres que el relacionen amb els municipis de Barcelona i Cervera. Molt particularment, en aquest segon cas, Tresbens va estar temptat per les autoritats municipals per fer de metge i possiblement de mestre. Aquest estudi fa un repàs a la seua biografia però se centra particularment en les negociacions del metge amb Cervera. Una estratègia amb la qual Tresbens sembla que volia assegurar un lloc on passar la resta dels seus dies i amb un sou desmesurat.
El dispositivo de la discapacidad en la España del tardofranquismo (1959-1975): una propuesta de análisis
Authors: Cayuela Sánchez Salvador , Martínez-Pérez José
Published: December 2018

En este artículo pretendemos mostrar la conformación de un dispositivo de la discapacidad en la España del tardofranquismo. Para ello, y tras unos breves apartados de introducción metodológica y conceptual, analizaremos los discursos y mecanismos destinados al gobierno de la discapacidad en tres ámbitos de análisis: el económico, el médico-social y el pedagógico. El análisis de estos discursos y mecanismos, entendidos en su conexión tanto con elementos previos como con dinámicas internacionales contemporáneas al momento estudiado, nos permitirá examinar y exponer las particularidades de este dispositivo en el periodo propuesto. El artículo concluirá con una serie de consideraciones finales que han de servir de marco interpretativo para ulteriores aproximaciones a escenarios de estudio más concretos.
El clero catedralicio leonés en la Edad Moderna: los canónigos, dimensión y sociología de una elite social
Authors: Pérez Álvarez María José
Published: December 2018

El cabildo de la catedral de León, fundado en la Edad Media, fue estudiado por algunos autores desde diversas vertientes, entre la que cabe destacar la económica y legislativa. En este trabajo nos proponemos ofrecer una visión bien distinta, pues el análisis estará centrado en sus miembros, y más concretamente en las dignidades, oficios y prebendados. Se trata de una primera aproximación a la sociología de sus integrantes: procedencia social, redes clientelares o algunas variables demográficas, tales como la edad a la que ingresan en el mismo o la de fallecimiento.
Personalized Ubiquitous Learning via an Adaptive Engine
Authors: El Guabassi Inssaf , Al Achhab Mohammed , Jellouli Ismail , EL Mohajir Badr Eddine
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, the world's population is increasingly waiting for permanent and constant access to information. Accessing the right information at any time and any place is becoming a necessity. A learning system is called ubiquitous if it is able to adapt itself to its context (user, platform, environment, device, etc.). In this sense, theories and methods of adaptations keep rolling in order to make learning processes more efficient and relevant. In this paper, we propose an approach for providing personalized course content in ubiquitous learning, considering learning styles and context-awareness. The proposed approach aims to support learners by presenting course materials generated by an adaptive engine based on adaptation rules.
Development of Student Worksheet-Based College E-Learning Through Edmodo to Maximize the Results of Learning and Motivation in Economic Mathematics Learning
Authors: Nasrullah Anton , Marlina Mira , Dwiyanti Widya
Published: December 2018

The objective of the study was to develop a college student worksheet using Edmodo as a learning support tool and to know the effectiveness of peer tutor learning model applied in the learning of economic mathematics on motivation and attitude. Research used for quantitative approach and quasi-experiment method to collect data applying test and questionnaire. The sample in the study is a second-year student enrolled in a college in Serang - Banten. The sample comes from two classes. One class was used for the control group of 29 students; one for the exploratory group of 40 students. In the control group, students were taught only in a personal learning environment using peer tutor models whereas experimental groups studied through peer tutor models in the classroom were supported by student worksheet learning using Edmodo. The findings show that college student worksheet's use is better than traditional learning. That is, students in the experimental group not only outperformed them in the control group in the learning outcomes, but they also showed a higher learning motivation. Although students in both groups did not differ in their attitudes toward peer tutor models, students in the experimental group expressed positive attitudes toward Edmodo. The findings of this study have implications for encouraging educators to see how technology can facilitate as a means of supporting learning and assisting learners resulting in a better atmosphere of economic mathematics learning
The Influence of Information Technology on the Information and Service Quality for the Teaching and Learning
Authors: Sugandi Lianna , Kurniawan Yohannes
Published: December 2018

Globalization has influenced the competition paradigm of higher education institutions in the world. The situation keeps changing, depending on the economy and information technology as the backbone of business processes in organizations. Higher education institutions should have added values to win the competition. Furthermore, the awareness of the society about the importance of formal education, particularly higher education, will make colleges/universities strategic institutions generating high quality human resources. The success of col-leges/universities is determined by service quality, which can be identified through the satisfaction of their customers, students and lecturers. To increase customer satisfaction and be able to compete in the globalization era, as well as generate greater profits, colleges/universities need to identify factors which influence information system services to increase customer satisfaction. Employing descriptive analysis, the study reveals that the purpose and service quality of information technology positively affect the teaching and learning process at colleges/universties.
An Empirical Study on Productive Vocabulary Acquisition Under Hypertext Reading
Authors: Li Hui , Xiao Gengsheng
Published: December 2018

This research aims to examine the effect of hypertext reading on productive vocabulary acquisition, and investigate how other influential factors mainly including students’ English proficiency and their use of vocabulary learning strategies affect the outcome of productive vocabulary acquisition. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are adopted in this study. A test and a questionnaire survey were conducted. Two parallel classes of English major, who are all sophomores, are randomly selected as the control group and the experimental group respectively. According to the results of analysis, some conclusions are drawn. First, though participants can acquire productive vocabulary both in traditional reading and hypertext reading, hypertext reading is more effective. Second, the effectiveness of hypertext reading in productive vocabulary acquisition is more significant for learners of extremely high/low English proficiency than those of intermediate level. Third, vocabulary learning strategies that are employed influence the effect of hypertext reading on productive vocabulary acquisition.
Conciliation études-travail rémunéré : cas des adolescent.e.s et jeunes de la commune de Tchaourou au Bénin
Authors: Alladatin Judicaël , Akakpo Ronel , Houéssigbédé Anselme
Published: December 2018

La présente étude porte sur la conciliation études-travail rémunéré chez les adolescent.e.s et jeunes de la commune de Tchaourou au Bénin. Elle vise à identifier les caractéristiques personnelles et familiales des adolescent.e.s et jeunes de 12-24 ans qui étudient tout en menant une activité génératrice de revenus. Nos résultats révèlent que 20,71 % des adolescent.e.s et jeunes enquêtés sont concernés par la conciliation études et travail rémunéré. La situation est moins prononcée chez les filles que chez les garçons et on constate que le taux de conciliation étude-travail croît avec l’âge. L’étude met en exergue la place de la théorie de la crise dans l’explication de la dynamique des recours à la conciliation études-travail rémunéré chez les adolescent.e.s et jeunes. En effet, les individus ayant déclaré insuffisant le soutien financier dont ils bénéficient et ceux vivant dans les ménages pauvres sont les plus enclins à la conciliation études-travail rémunéré. Dans le contexte d’étude, il semble alors que les élèves ont recours à la conciliation études/travail pour obtenir les ressources financières nécessaires à la poursuite des études et à la subsistance et non pour se préparer à la vie professionnelle future.
Le sperma : forme, matière ou les deux ?
Authors: Lefebvre David
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont Aristote utilise l’hylémorphisme pour son explication de la reproduction sexuée dans la Génération des animaux. Il se concentre sur GA I 19 où Aristote établit que les menstrues sont analogues au sperma. Dans les théories de la double semence, le mâle et la femelle apportent l’un et l’autre une contribution de statut causal identique. Aristote montre au contraire que les menstrues ne sont pas du sperma ; menstrues et sperma jouent deux fonctions causales différentes dans la génération : les menstrues apportent la matière et le sperma, la cause motrice et la forme. Mais l’hylémorphisme suppose qu’il existe aussi une identité entre les deux contributions, puisque la matière menstruelle est en puissance ce que les mouvements de la semence du mâle sont en entéléchie. Aristote maintient donc une identité entre les deux contributions. Il la conçoit de deux façons : le plus souvent comme une identité analogique (les menstrues sont analogues au sperma), parfois comme une identité quasi générique (semence et menstrues sont l’un et l’autre du sperma, moins élaboré dans le cas des menstrues). Aristote hésite entre ces deux solutions : dans le premier cas, le dernier résidu utile devient ou menstrues ou sperma ; dans l’autre, c’est le sperma qui devient menstrues chez la femelle ou semence chez le mâle. Aristote semble avoir hésité à considérer que le sperma est forme, chez le mâle, et matière, chez la femelle, ce qui l’aurait conduit à afficher une sorte de théorie du double sperma, chose qu’il refuse en vertu de l’identité profonde qui existe selon lui entre les menstrues et la semence du mâle.
Sur l’intellect comme cause
Authors: Zingano Marco
Published: December 2018

Le principal objectif de cet article est de démontrer la thèse suivante : l’essentiel de la théorie aristotélicienne de l’action humaine repose sur le fait que l’agent est, au sens propre, capable d’agir autrement. Dans cette perspective, une distinction est établie entre la théorie de l’action et la psychologie morale d’Aristote. La première est structurée par la notion d’un agent capable au moment de l’action de choisir entre des contraires, tandis que la seconde se concentre sur la notion de caractère qui impose une fixité et une régularité aux actions de l’agent. La distinction proposée s’appuie sur une interprétation renouvelée de EN 1112a31-33, passage dans lequel Aristote affirme que l’intellect (pratique) est cause au même titre que la nature, le hasard et la nécessité.
De l’influence des Mémorables (I 4, IV 3) sur le De Natura deorum (II) de Cicéron
Authors: Dorion Louis-André
Published: December 2018

Les chapitres I 4 et IV 3 des Mémorables, où Socrate expose une téléologie anthropocentrique et une conception élaborée de la providence divine qui gouverne l’univers, ont exercé une profonde influence sur les stoïciens. Les Anciens ont reconnu cette influence, mais les Modernes ont tardé à la reconnaître, tantôt parce qu’ils ont considéré que ces chapitres des Mémorables étaient en réalité des interpolations d’origine stoïcienne, tantôt parce qu’ils ont attribué à Diogène d’Apollonie la téléologie exposée par Socrate. Fort heureusement, les commentateurs récents ne cherchent plus à déposséder Xénophon de la paternité de ces deux chapitres et l’on peut donc tenter de déterminer quelle fut leur postérité chez les stoïciens. L’étude qui suit s’applique à mettre en lumière les nombreux recoupements que l’on observe entre le texte des Mémorables (I 4 et IV 3) et le livre II du De natura deorum de Cicéron, où Balbus expose longuement la théologie stoïcienne. Il appert que l’influence des Mémorables sur ce texte de Cicéron est beaucoup plus considérable qu’on ne l’a reconnu jusqu’à maintenant.
The heavy metals/trace elements contents of sediments from Owalla Reservoir, Osun State, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Aduwo Adedeji Idowu , Adeniyi Israel Funso
Published: December 2018

The heavy metals/trace elements contents of sediment samples from Owalla Reservoir were analyzed every three months in two annual cycles (March 2011 – February 2013). The main aim was to measure concentrations of selected elements in sediment samples, their variations in space and seasons and the level of pollution and/or contamination. The bottom sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen Grab and the elemental analysis in the laboratory was based on air-dried samples following standard methods. The overall hierarchy of heavy metals/trace elements in the sediments of the reservoir was in the decreasing order of concentrations: Fe > Mn > As > Zn > Ni > Co > Cr > Cu > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of the heavy metals did not follow any definite pattern from the upstream-downstream basin, although most of them (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Co) showed significant differences (P<0.05) in their horizontal variations. Mn, Pb, Co, Fe, Ni, and Zn were significantly (P<0.05) higher at the open water region than in the littoral region. All the elements except Ni did not show significant seasonal variations (P>0.05). Most of the elements in the reservoir sediment have concentrations within the background levels and concentrations defined in environmental regulations and guidelines, except for As and Cd. The contamination factors (Cf) for most metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) suggested low contamination in the sediments (Cf < 1.0). Conversely, the sediments were moderately contaminated with Cd (Cf = 2.41) and very highly contaminated with As (Cf = 19.33).
Diatom diversity in headwaters influenced by permafrost thawing: First evidence from the Central Italian Alps
Authors: Rotta Federica , Cerasino Leonardo , Occhipinti-Ambrogi Anna , Rogora Michela , Seppi Roberto , Tolotti Monica
Published: December 2018

Glacier melting and permafrost thawing are the most evident effects of the current climate change that is strongly affecting high mountain areas, including the European Alps. As the thawing rate of subsurface ice is lower than for glacier ice, it is expected that, while glaciers retreat, an increasing number of Alpine headwaters will become more influenced by permafrost degradation during the 21st century. Despite the expected change in the relative importance of glacier and permafrost in determining Alpine hydrology, studies addressing effects of permafrost thawing on chemical and, especially, biological features of adjacent surface waters are still scarce. The present study contributes to characterise the epilithic and epiphytic diatom diversity in a set of permafrost-fed headwaters in three sub-catchments differing in bedrock lithology of the Italian Central Alps (Trentino Alto-Adige) in relation to water chemistry and habitat features. In addition, it explores chemical and biological differences between permafrost-fed streams and headwaters with no direct contact to permafrost, namely glacier-fed (kryal) and precipitation-/groundwater-fed (rhithral) streams. Permafrost-fed waters showed higher electrical conductivity and enhanced ion concentrations than glacier- and precipitation-fed waters, while concentration of trace elements (e.g. Sr, Ni, Zn, As) were more irregularly distributed among waters of different origin, though they showed a tendency to reach higher levels in permafrost-fed waters. Diatom species richness and diversity were lower in permafrost-fed headwaters, and were principally related to water pH and trace metal concentrations. Epiphytic diatom assemblages were more diverse than epilithic ones, independently from the water origin, while differences in species composition were not sufficient to unequivocally identify a typical diatom composition for the different water types considered in this study.
Two histological methods for recognition and study of cortical microinfarcts in thick sections
Authors: Braak Heiko , Feldengut Simone , Kassubek Jan , Yilmazer-Hanke Deniz , Del Tredici Kelly
Published: December 2018

Cortical microinfarcts are the most widespread form of brain infarction but frequently remain undetected by standard neuroimaging protocols. Moreover, microinfarcts are only partially detectable in hematoxylin-eosin-stained (H and E) 4-10 µm paraffin sections at routine neuropathological examination. In this short report, we provide two staining protocols for visualizing cortical microinfarcts in 100-300 µm sections. For low-power microscopy, the first protocol combines aldehyde fuchsine staining for detection of lipofuscin granules and macrophages with Darrow red counterstaining for Nissl material. The second protocol combines collagen IV immunohistochemistry with aldehyde fuchsine/Darrow red or with erythrosin-phosphotungstic acid-aniline blue staining for detailed study of the capillary network. In the first protocol, microinfarcts are recognizable as radially-oriented funnel-like accumulations of aldehyde fuchsine-positive macrophages. The second protocol recognizes microinfarcts and alterations of the capillary network, at whose center accumulations of dead neurons and aldehyde fuchsine-positive macrophages cluster. In addition, the second protocol permits visualization of abnormalities within the capillary network associated with more recent microinfarcts. Both protocols can be useful for comparing MRI datasets with cortical microinfarcts in corresponding whole brain sections of 100-300 µm thickness.
La terapia a pressione negativa: costi e benefici/Negative pressure therapy: costs and benefits
Authors: Riservati Fiorella
Published: December 2018

Con questo mio lavoro ho cercato di valutare quali aspetti caratterizzano la terapia a pressione negativa (o negative pressure therapy, NTP) e analizzato la validità di questo presidio mettendolo a confronto con l’utilizzo delle medicazioni avanzate. Oggi, in seguito alla spending review i costi di acquisizione di medicazioni, tubi, contenitori, e il costo del noleggio per uso domiciliare sono più elevati rispetto ad altri tipi di medicazioni, anche se oggi i costi della NTP stanno drasticamente diminuendo.

With this work I tried to evaluate which aspects characterize the negative pressure therapy (NTP) and I analyzed the validity of this technique comparing it with the use of advanced dressings. Today, due to the spending review, the costs of dressings, tubes, containers, and the cost of renting them for home use are higher than other types of dressings, although today the costs of NTP are drastically decreasing.