bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Мартенситные превращения сплавов на основе никелида титана с разными легирующими добавками
Authors: Марченко Е.С. , Байгонакова Г.А. , Гюнтер В.Э. , Клопотов А.А.
Published: March 2020

Investigations of the martensitic transformations of TiNi-based alloys grade TN-10, doped with 1 at.% V, Nb, Ag, were presented. It was shown that alloying elements (Ag, Nb, V) cause an increase in internal elastic stresses inside the crystalline structure of the B2 phase, which leads to an increase in the beginning temperature of direct martensitic transformation. Of the selected alloying elements, vanadium has a significant effect on this temperature, shifting it to the region of high values ​​by ~ 45 ° C. In alloys with vanadium and silver, a complex sequence of martensitic transformations B2-> R-> B19 'is realized, and in alloys with niobium, a simple B2-> B19' is realized.
Исследование элементарных процессов МOC-гидридной эпитаксии наногетероструктур на основе арсенида галлия методом атомно-силовой микроскопии
Authors: Болдыревский П.Б. , Филатов Д.О. , Филатов А.Д. , Казанцева И.А. , Ревин М.В. , Юнин П.А.
Published: March 2020

Using atomic force microscopy, we studied the elementary processes of growing (Al, Ga, In) As heterostructures on misoriented GaAs (001) substrates by the method of MOC hydride epitaxy under reduced pressure. It was established that the growth of the epitaxial layers of GaAs and AlGaAs occurs according to a layered mechanism with the formation of macrosteps. The growth of pseudomorphic InGaAs / GaAs (001) layers also occurs by a layered mechanism with the formation of macrosteps. However, if the thickness of the pseudomorphic InxGa1-xAs / GaAs (001) layer exceeds a certain critical value depending on the molar fraction of InAs in the composition of the solid solution (x), the formation of growth defects in the form of three-dimensional islands, the density of which increases with increasing thickness, is observed on the surface of the InGaAs layer InGaAs layer. The formation of three-dimensional InGaAs islands is associated with the relaxation of elastic stresses in the pseudomorphic InGaAs / GaAs (001) layer according to the Stranski-Krastanov mechanism. Keywords: gallium arsenide, AlGaAs, InGaAs, MOC hydride epitaxy, defect formation, Stranski-Krastanov mechanism.
Локализация прохождения тока в термофотовольтаических преобразователях на основе двойных гетероструктур InAsSbP/InAs
Authors: Матвеев Б.А. , Ратушный В.И. , Рыбальченко А.Ю.
Published: March 2020

The main electrical characteristics of thermophotovoltaic converters based on p-InAsSbP/n-InAs/n-InAsSbP double heterostructures with a fully or partially removed substrate in a flip-chip structure are investigated. The influence of the resistance of different parts of the structure on the spatial distribution of the current density in the active region is shown, and the conditions for obtaining the most efficient collection of photocurrent / minimum current crowding are determined.
Параметризованный эффективный потенциал для возбужденных состояний и его применение к расчету дипольных моментов перехода
Authors: Глушков В.Н. , Фесенко С.И.
Published: March 2020

Метод параметризованного эффективного потенциала, предложенный ранее для основного состояния, развит для возбужденных состояний с симметрией основного. Обсуждены различные приближения для определения обменно-корреляционных потенциалов, Vxc. В частности, на основе требования симметрии Vxc представлен один из рецептов построения нового класса Vxc, который является функционалом внешнего потенциала (взаимодействия электрон-ядро) в отличие от традиционных подходов, где Vxc явно или неявно зависят от электронной плотности. Возможности метода исследованы на примере расчета электронных дипольных моментов перехода молекулы НеН с однодетерминантной волновой функцией. Показано, что предложенный метод расчета дипольных моментов перехода можно рассматривать как компромисс между точностью и вычислительными усилиями. Ключевые слова: параметризованный эффективный потенциал, дипольные моменты перехода, возбужденные состояния.
Спектральная диагностика динамики образования гомосопряженного комплекса [HCN.H.NCH]-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=-
Authors: Денисов Г.С. , Меликова С.М. , Рутковский К.С. , Тохадзе К.Г.
Published: March 2020

A quantum-mechanical analysis of the manifestations of the NHN hydrogen bond in the vibrational spectra of the [HCN.H.NCH] + linear complex along the proton transfer reaction profile is given, and the laws governing the diagnostic parameters — potential descriptors of the dynamics of this process — are established. The surface of the potential energy and harmonic frequencies of normal vibrations along the profile of the proton transfer reaction path in the system studied are calculated. It has been shown that when the [HCNH] + and NCH fragments come closer together, a noticeable distortion of the forms of their skeletal vibrations occurs, up to complete mixing into the symmetric and antisymmetric forms. The frequency of the longitudinal vibration of the central proton ν (NH) varies along the reaction path from ~ 3600 to ~ 500 cm-1. In the region of intersection of the terms ν (NH) and ν (CN) an abrupt nature of frequency change is detected.
Столкновения с участием поляризованных щелочных атомов цезия и лития
Authors: Картошкин В.А.
Published: March 2020

The cross section and frequency shift of the magnetic resonance line for the spin exchange are calculated for a collision of lithium and cesium atoms in the ground state. The calculation was carried out on the basis of data on the singlet (X1Sigma+) and triplet (a3Sigma+) interaction potentials of the 7Li133Cs dimer. The transfer from the energy to the temperature dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the complex cross sections for a spin exchange allows us to obtain information both the broadening of the magnetic resonance line of the atoms under study and the frequency shift of the magnetic resonance upon their collision.
Спектрально-люминесцентные свойства заряженных форм некоторых замещенных бензальдегидов
Authors: Базыль О.К. , Артюхов В.Я. , Майер Г.В. , Першукевич П.П. , Бельков М.В. , Шадыро О.И. , Самович С.Н.
Published: March 2020

Методами квантовой химии исследованы спектрально-люминесцентные свойства заряженных (анионной и катионной) форм трех замещенных бензальдегидов, проявляющих биологическую активность: o-анисового (2-метоксибензальдегид) и сиреневого (3,5-диметокси-4-гидроксибензальдегид) бензальдегидов и ванилина (3-метокси-4-гидроксибензальдегид). Расчеты показали, что в случае заряженных форм исследуемых молекул состояние S1 в отличие от нейтральных форм является состоянием ππ*-типа и по своей локализации аналогично S2 (ππ*)-состоянию нейтральных молекул (анисового альдегида и ванилина) или S3 (ππ*)-состоянию сиреневого бензальдегида. По результатам расчета показано, что в области спектра 240-420 nm нет новых электронных переходов, формирующих полосы поглощения в спектре, отличающиеся по природе и локализации от электронных переходов нейтральных молекул. Рассчитанные характеристики флуоресценции заряженных форм исследованных молекул показали, что в отличие от нейтральных форм эффективность радиационного распада заряженных форм много выше, что связано с изменением орбитальной природы состояния S1 при переходе от нейтральной к заряженной форме. Согласно анализу расчетных и экспериментальных данных флуоресценции исследуемых замещенных бензальдегидов в спиртовых растворах, флуоресценция на 410 nm принадлежит катионным формам. В ванилине и сиреневом альдегиде также имеется возможность слабой флуоресценции анионных форм этих соединений. Ключевые слова: замещенные бензальдегиды, спектрально-люминесцентные свойства, методы квантовой химии.
Применение метода продолженных граничных условий к решению задачи дифракции волн на рассеивателях сложной геометрии, расположенных в однородной и неоднородной средах
Authors: Крысанов Д.В. , Кюркчан А.Г. , Маненков С.А.
Published: March 2020

Based on the method of continued boundary conditions, a technique is proposed that allows modeling the scattering characteristics for bodies of arbitrary geometry. The two-dimensional problem of the diffraction of a plane wave by dielectric bodies with complex section geometry, in particular, by fractal-like bodies, is considered. Comparison of numerical algorithms for solving the diffraction problem based on systems of integral equations of the 1st and 2nd kind is carried out. The method is generalized to the problem of diffraction by a cylindrical body located in a homogeneous magnetodielectric half-space. The correctness of the method is confirmed by checking the fulfillment of the optical theorem for various bodies and by comparing it with the results of calculations obtained by the modified method of discrete sources.
Квантовые флуктуации в лазерном солитоне
Authors: Голубева Т.Ю. , Голубев Ю.М. , Федоров С.В. , Нестеров Л.А. , Розанов Н.Н.
Published: March 2020

In the framework of consistent quantum electrodynamics, derived is the Heisenberg-Langevin equation for spatial laser soliton. Discussed are in detail the canonical variables for the generation field and for a material two-level medium consisting of a medium that forms laser generation and saturated absorption medium. It is assumed that laser generation evolves in time much slower than the atomic medium. This makes it possible to apply adiabatic approximation and construct a closed equation for the amplitude of the laser field. When deriving the equation special attention is paid to the definition of Langevin sources that play a decisive role in the formation of quantum statistical features of solitons. In order to provide a procedure of observation of soliton quantum squeezing, synchronization of laser generation by an external weak electromagnetic beam is introduced.
Генерация аттосекундного импульса в газообразной среде атомов гелия, возбуждаемого полуцикловыми рентгеновскими импульсами
Authors: Архипов Р.М. , Архипов М.В. , Бабушкин И. , Пахомов А.В. , Розанов Н.Н.
Published: March 2020

В традиционном подходе аттосекундные импульсы получаются с помощью генерации оптичеcких гармоник высокого порядка при возбуждении различных сред фемтосекундным лазерным импульсом, центральная частота которого лежит в инфракрасном диапазоне. В работе теоретически рассматривается альтернативная возможность получения изолированного экстремально ультрафиолетового (XUV) аттосекундного импульса в тонком слое газа атомов гелия, возбуждаемого парой полуцикловых (квазиуниполярных) рентгеновских импульсов. Подход основан на явлении затухания свободной поляризации атомарной среды. Обсуждена связь рассматриваемых процессов с явлением сверхизлучения. Ключевые слова: аттосекундные импульсы, рентгеновские импульсы, униполярные импульсы, атом гелия, сверхизлучение.
Принципы построения "деформационной антенны Земли"
Authors: Долгих Г.И.
Published: March 2020

The principles of creation of "the deformation antenna of Earth" in the territory of Russia intended for registration and direction finding of fluctuations and waves of wide range of frequencies are discussed (from infrasonic to the range of gravitational waves). Placing laser strainmeters of classical and pendulum types in certain points of Russia, it is possible to receive the unique complex surpassing a LIGO project complex in sensitivity and frequency range.
Получение светопоглощающих покрытий искусственных спутников Земли из пористых тантала и вольфрама
Authors: Тулеушев Ю.Ж. , Володин В.Н. , Жаканбаев Е.А. , Суслов Е.Е. , Kerimshe A.S.
Published: March 2020

Ion-plasma spraying and co-precipitation of ultrafine Ta and Cd particles, as well as W and Cd doped with Nb and Mo, for the first time produced coatings represented by a mixture of crystallized cadmium and amorphous refractory metals. Vacuum annealing at 800 ° C for 1 hour completely evaporated cadmium from the coatings to obtain cellular structures, the degree of blackness of which depends on the doping of Nb and Mo. The blackest coatings were obtained from porous tantalum doped with niobium and porous tungsten doped with niobium and molybdenum. The resulting black coatings have sufficient electrical resistance.
Теоретическое и экспериментальное изучение механических характеристик границы раздела гетерочастиц Al/SiC и композиционных материалов на их основе
Authors: Квашнин Д.Г. , Кутжанов М.К. , Корте Ш. , Приходько Е.М. , Матвеев А.Т. , Сорокин П.Б. , Штанский Д.В.
Published: March 2020

Experimental and theoretical investigation of new Al/SiC heteroparticles has been carried out. It is predicted that due to the appearance of a strong interface between Al and SiC, a composite material based on A; and SiC must have a significantly higher tensile strength than pure Al. Theoretical predictions are confirmed in the experiment. In particular, it is shown that the introduction of nano-SiC in a concentration of 10 wt.% in the aluminum matrix leads to an increase in the strength limit of the composite at room temperature to 317 MPa.
Исследование свойств нанопорошка фторида кальция после облучения наносекундным электронным пучком
Authors: Соковнин С.Ю. , Ильвес В.Г. , Балезин М.Е. , Уймин М.А.
Published: March 2020

Mesoporous CaF2 nanopowders with specific surface area up to 91.5 m2/g have been produced using by electron beam evaporation method in vacuum. The effect of nanosecond e-beam irradiation in air on magnetic and texture properties this nanopowders has been studied. The irradiation influence on the specific surface area and magnetization of CaF2 nanopowder has been discovered for the first time.
Sexual Behavior and its Relationship with Semen QualityParameters in Jaffrabadi Breeding Bulls
Authors: Chaudhary J K , Solanki G B , Vijyeta H P , Gamit P M , Murthy K S
Published: March 2020

The present study was carried out on 80 ejaculates, 20 each from four healthy Jaffrabadi breeding bulls to see the relationship betweensexual behavior and semen quality parameters. The results depicted that the overall mean values of libido score, mating ability score andsexual libido score between bulls. The overall color of semen ranged from thin white to very thick creamy. The overall values for semen volume(ml), pH, sperm concentration (million/mL), mass activity, individual sperm motility (%) and live spermatozoa (%) were 2.99 ± 0.12, 6.80 ± 0.01, 1439.68 ± 48.46, 3.94 ± 0.03, 89.51 ± 0.21 and 95.00 ± 0.19, respectively. The values for semen volume, sperm concentration,mass activity (%) and live sperm (%) differed significantly (p less than 0.05) between bulls. There were significant positive correlations (p LESS THAN 0.01)of libido with mating ability, sexual behavior score and ejaculate volume of semen (r = 0.37 to 0.87), while a negative correlation wasfound with sperm concentration (-0.30). Mating ability was significantly (p less than 0.01) correlated with sexual behavior score and ejaculatevolume (0.78, 0.67), and sexual behavior was correlated with semen volume (0.84). Sperm concentration was significantly (p less than 0.05 correlated with mass activity (0.29), while individual sperm motility was positively (p less than 0.05) correlated with live sperm percentage (0.25).Correlations of libido, reflected the importance of sexual behavior of Jaffrabadi bulls in predicting their future utility as a proficient breeder under AI program.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Garlic (Allium sativum) powder on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broilers
Authors: Makwana R B , Bhagwat S R , Parikh S S , Savaliya B D , Jadav C N
Published: March 2020

The present study was carried out for six weeks to investigate the effects of adding graded levels (0, 0.1 and 0.5%) of garlic (Allium sativum) powder to the basal experimental diet on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. One hundred and eighty (n = 180) day old unsexed white commercial broiler chicks (Cobb-400) were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments of 60 birds/treatment and each treatment contained 4 replicates (15 birds/replicate). The dietary treatments were controlled basal diet (T1), and a diet supplemented with garlic powder at 0.1% (T2) and 0.5% (T3). Daily feed intake, weekly body weight, and residue leftover were recorded to calculate the feed conversion ratio (FCR). At the end of the experiment, six birds from each group were sacrificed to determine the carcass characteristics. Results revealed that dietary supplementation of 0.1% garlic powder (T2) significantly (p less than 0.01) improved body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and FCR as compared to birds supplemented with 0.5% garlic powder (T3) and control diet (T1). Dietary supplementation of 0.1% garlic (T2) resulted in significant (p less than 0.05) improvement in dressed yield as comparedto T3 and T1. On the other hand, comparable (p greator than 0.05) effect was observed on shrinkage loss, blood loss, feather loss, eviscerated yieldand relative weight of giblet. Thus, dietary supplementation of 0.1% garlic powder had beneficial effects on growth performance and dressed yield of broiler chicks.
Effect of Tomato Juice in Tris-Yolk-Citrate Extender onRefrigeration Preservation of Cauda Epididymal Spermatozoa of Buck
Authors: Chaudhary L M , Khasatiya C T , Amarjeet Amarjeet , Yede A B
Published: March 2020

The study was carried out on the preservation of epididymal spermatozoa of buck at refrigerated temperature without and with tomato juice as a supplement in Tris egg yolk citrate extender. The eight pairs of testicles including epididymis (total 16) from slaughtered bucks were collected within 2–4 hours of their slaughter. Sperms collected from cauda epididymis were preserved at refrigerated temperature up to 48 hours in tris egg yolk citrate extender at 300 million sperm/mL with different concentration of tomato juice (0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) and the physical characteristics of spermatozoa were assessed to know the effect of tomato juice (Tj). The mean dead, abnormal and HOST non-reacted spermatozoa increased significantly (p less than0.05) at every 12-hour intervals of preservation in the dilutor without and with different concentration of tomato juice. Tomato juice exerted an adverse effect on physical characteristics of sperm during refrigeration preservation. All the three sperm traits studied however revealed significant (p less thaN 0.01) positive interrelationships with correlations of 0.31 to 0.72.
Congenital Hydrocephalus in a Calf and its Surgical Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma S K , Saini R , Aziz P R , Mir L A , Pooniya R
Published: March 2020

Hydrocephalus is an accumulation of excessive fluid in durameter or ventricles of the brain (Purohit et al., 2012) thereby leading to the swelling of the cranium. It is mainly due to abnormal development of the fetus duringpregnancy; however, hereditary, infectious, and nutritional factors can also predispose this condition. This condition has been reported occasionally in the ewe, doe, mare, and sow, whilst it is rarely seen in cattle and buffalo 2001). Hydrocephalus occurs mainly due to three reasons, as excessive production of CSF, defective absorption of CSF,and interference in the passage of CSF. Hydrocephalus may cause increased intracranial cerebral pressure, progressive enlargement of the head, convulsions, mental disability, and even death. This communication describes a case of congenital hydrocephalous in a day-old female cattle calf.
Taeniasis in a German Shepherd Pup: A Case Report
Authors: Thakre B J , Joseph Joice P , Kumar Binod , Brahmbhatt Nilima , Gamit Krishna
Published: March 2020

Taenia spp. are long, segmented, parasitic tapeworms and are relatively uncommon in canine gastrointestinal diseases compared to other tapeworms like Dipylidium caninum. These parasites have an indirect life cycle, cycling between definitive and intermediate hosts. Dogs act as definitive hosts of different species of Taenia including Taenia multiceps, Taenia serialis, Taenia crassiceps, Taenia hydatigena, Taenia pisiformis, etc. Taenia multiceps is of greatest zoonotic relevance in human. In the definitive host, it causes only mild infection. Larvae are more likely to cause disease than adult tapeworms. Taeniasis in pets should be cautiously handled because of its zoonotic importance. This communication reports a case of 3 months old pup suffering from Taenia infection that was successfully managed with a combination of praziquantel and fenbendazole.
Incidence of Uterine Torsion and Related Factors in Buffaloes of Amul Milk Shed Area
Authors: Pateliya1 Chintan S , Patel J A , Dhami A J , Patel S B , Makwana H L
Published: March 2020

A study was carried out to find out the retrospective incidence of uterine torsion in buffaloes among obstetrical cases in Amul milk shed area and factors influencing it. Data on 1,13,772 obstetrical cases attended from January 2017 to June 2018 by Amul Veterinarians were collected. Moreover, 50 buffaloes suffering from uterine torsion were taken up during July-December, 2018 to know the side, site, degree of uterine torsion, parity as well as sex and viability of the calf and the dam after detorsion/Caesarean section in the same area. In the retrospective study, a total of 2000 cases of uterine torsion were recorded among total 1,13,772 bovine obstetrical cases, which encompassed 1.76%. Of the 2000 cases, 92.20 (1844) percent torsions were found in buffaloes only. Among 57,111 obstetrical cases attended in buffaloes, the incidence of uterine torsion was 3.23%. Moreover, the region/center-wise incidence of torsion cases varied from 1.30–19.36%. The highest incidence of uterine torsion was found in Anand region (19.36 %) followed by Kathlal (11.23 %) and Mahemdabad (10.14 %) regions, while the lowest incidence was in Virpur (2.06%), Petlad (1.46%) and Piplata (1.30%). It was concluded that buffaloes mostly experience right side (100%), post-cervical (82%) uterine torsion of 270–360° (66%), at full term of gestation (70%)with lower survivability of the calves (30%), however, the survival rate of the dams post-treatment was 90%.
Secondary or Concurrent Infections in Skin of Atopic Dogs
Authors: Joseph Joice P , Patel J , Tank P H , Barad D B , Thakre B J
Published: March 2020

In the present study, twenty atopic dogs were investigated for secondary skin infections using different diagnostic techniques. The majority of dogs were suffering from bacterial infections, especially Staphylococcal infection (90 %). Different commensals on skin like Staphylococcus spp., Aspergillus spp. (50 %), Malassezia spp. (45 %), Demodex spp. (25 %) etc. caused secondary or concurrent infections in many atopic dogs indicating the importance of atopy in recurrent or non-responding dermatitis with those commensal organisms.
Evaluation of Circulatory Concentration of Cytokines Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB, Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1, and IL-10 in Canine Generalized Demodicosis
Authors: Parwari Mayank , Mandali GC , Parmar Jignasha M , Mathakiya RA
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in circulating concentrations of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in dogs with generalized demodicosis. Twelve dogs with generalized demodicosis were diagnosed based on clinical findings and microscopic examination of the cutaneous scrapings. Six healthy dogs were included in the study as a control. Commercial specific ELISA assays were used to measure circulating concentrations of plasma PDGF-BB, and serum TGF-β1 and IL-10. Marked and significant increase in plasma PDGF-BB and serum TGF-β1 concentrations was evidenced in diseased dogs, while increase in serum IL-10 concentration was non-significant. The levels of all three markers dropped down to near normal/healthy status after the treatment of diseased dogs. These results indicate that the increased concentrations of circulating PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, and IL-10 play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the canine demodicosis.
Development of a Lateral Flow Kit for Detection of IgG and IgM Antibodies Against Rift Valley Fever Virus in Sheep
Authors: Sayed Rafik Hamed , Abousenna Mohamed S , Mohamoud Darwish , Saad Mohamed A
Published: March 2020

Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but also has the capacity to infect humans. The disease also results in significant economic losses due to death and abortion among RVF-infected livestock. A lateral flow device (LFD) was developed for the rapid detection of IgG and IgM anti-RVF antibodies in infected and vaccinated ovine sera. The conjugated RVF antigen with nano-gold was used as a detector antigen and was laid on a conjugated pad. The staphylococcal protein A was used as the capture complex (antibodies IgG-antigen conjugated with nanogold) at the first test line of device and anti-IgM antibodies were used as the capture complex (antibodies IgM-antigen conjugated with nanogold) at the second test line of device. When compared with RVF specific ELISA, The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of developed LFD for detection of IgG were found to be 88.2, 96.9 and 94.0%, respectively, while the same for detection of IgM was found to be 100, 96, and 96%, respectively.
In vitro Assessment of Period of Oviposition and Hatching in Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum
Authors: Akil Mohd , Bagherwal RK , Jayraw AK , Rajput N , Singh R
Published: March 2020

Hyalomma anatolicum anatolocum is one of the most important tick species in India (Geeverghese and Dhanda, 1987), which assumed noticeable importance because of its role as the major vector of the hemoprotozoan parasites. Besides, the role of Hyalomma species in transmitting the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus in humans has been established in different countries (Karti et al., 2004). Ticks produce severe economic losses through blood-sucking and acting as vectors of pathogens and toxins. In India alone, the cost of tick and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) in animals has been estimated to the tune of approx. Two thousand crores (Ghosh et al., 2007). Scanty literature is available pertaining to the life cycle of H. a. anatolicum in general and from Madhya Pradesh in particular. Therefore, the present study was designed to record the period of oviposition and hatching of eggs in H. a. anatolicum.
Radical Unilateral Mastectomy for Fibrosed Gangrenous Udder in a Lactating Goat
Authors: Sharma S. K. , Saini R , Kumar Satveer
Published: March 2020

Mastitis reflects the inflammation of the mammary gland, which may occur due to any bacterial infection secondary to teat injury or poor management (Marogna et al., 2010). Radical mastectomy (unilateral or bilateral) is a salvage procedure and indicated in cases of chronic suppurative mastitis, gangrenous mastitis and neoplastic or hyperplastic conditions of the udder (Andreasen et al., 1993; El-Maghraby, 2001; Canle et al., 2004). Gangrenous mastitis is a peracute form of mastitis, characterized by necrosis of the udder tissue, caused by alpha-toxins (Smith and Sherman, 2009). Physical examination of the udder is characterized by discolored (blue- blackish or blue-greenish) and cold udder (Ribeiro et al., 2007). Gangrenous mastitis is one of the most difficult forms of mastitis to be treated (Bloway, 1993), and in very severe cases, gangrene may lead to toxemia and loss of animal life (Ribeiro et al., 2007). Unilateral or bilateral mastectomy is recommended as a pain-relieving procedure for extensive lesions involving udder and in cases of chronic mastitis, gangrenous lesions, or neoplasia (Canle et al., 2004). The present case report describes unilateral mastectomy for the management of incurable extensive fibrosis of udder while allowing the other mammary gland to continue lactation.
Shepherd’s Office. The Politics of Digital Labor and Its Impact on the Amazon Mechanical Turk Workers
Authors: Zukalova Zaneta
Published: March 2020

Shepherd’s Office (SO) is a collaborative performance and research project between artists Daniela Vainio and Zaneta Zukalova, first introduced at Tate Modern (Tate Exchange) London in 2017, which questions the systematic order of Amazon Mechanical Turk. In May 2019, SO held a live investigative performance at the Art Fair Suomi in Helsinki, with an aim to collect the data that informs this article; SO’s focus was on the socio-political background of Amazon Mechanical Turk Workers and their personal relations to and opinions on the platform. The present article introduces both the artistic and investigative aspects of the project and the problematics of Amazon Mechanical Turk, and offers an insight into the research inputs, processes, and outcomes.
my monstituces composer: Looking for the Pre-Emergent Social Consciousness of AI in Small Data Literary Synthesis
Authors: Jones Nathan Allen
Published: March 2020

In the context of an algorithmically designed workplace, the glitch traces the form of the unforeseen social reality. What this paper does is present glitch poetics as a methodology for exploring futures of language-technology hybridity that do not emerge from philosophical, social science, or computer science research. Glitch poetics is concerned with linguistic errors in the same way that Glitch Art was concerned with the pixelations and clicks of 1990s and early 2000s compression mechanisms. AI-authorship is a potent area of study for glitch poetics because it is distinguishable by evidently faulty language forms, whose faultiness contains a recognizably contemporary “texture.” The first half of the paper includes an overview of AI research and practice from philosophical, technical, visual and sonic art fields, and current ideas in concept-forming, error, and innovation, such as “hyperstition,” “diagramming” and “glitch.” I then turn to the specific case of language acquisition and synthesis in AI and what the glitch method might have to offer in this area. Drawing on the work of Peli Grietzer, I ask whether AI-authored texts can be said to have a “vibe” distinct from that of the author’s whose text it is trained on, and therefore has its own basis for forming new social possibility. In one attempt to answer such a question, I make an AI produce faulty, glitchy texts, using a deliberately small corpus, in which the notion of a single-author-trained AI is broken down and confused. I close-read the odd language-salad of the texts written by this “small data synthesis” glitch method in order to discern whether there is a “structure of feeling” (Williams) in them: a pre-emergent sign of a social being-to-come. The paper concludes that making AI produce texts that are manifestly wrong offers a different trajectory for what AI can offer intellectual thought: one that is more potent than the progression towards more and more human-like textual impersonations. What is necessary, however, in order to take advantage of these strange new language forms, is to divert attention towards them in genuinely experimental, thoughtful situations, and to seek to absorb them into contemporary discourse. My proposition is that, along with “machine behavior,” there should be a concerted effort to invoke and interpret “machine misbehavior” as a form of thinking to come, both within and beyond the field of language-synthesis.
Almost Overwhelmed
Authors: Cohen Kris
Published: March 2020

A review of the 2019 Seattle Art Fair.
WEIGHTING THE UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES USING MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Yavuz , ÖZDEMİR Şahika
Published: March 2020

Universal Design (UD) is the design of products and environments that can be used by all people in the widest possible way without the need for adaptation and custom design. It involves a wide range of design disciplines, including environments, products, and communication design. A working group of developers (architects, product designers and environmental design researchers) guided the design process without evaluating existing designs and identified seven UD principles to be used to educate designers and consumers about the properties of more useful products and environments. These principles are “Equitable Use”, “Flexibility in Use”, “Simple and Intuitive Use”, “Perceptible Information”, “Tolerance for Error”, “Low Physical Effort”, and “Size and Space for Approach and Use”. Prioritizing or weighting these principles can be handled as a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. For this reason, in this paper we study the prioritizing of these principles using two of MCDM techniques with fuzzy numbers, namely AHP and ANP, and the results of both algorithms are compared. The main contribution of this paper is to prioritize UD principles using numerical methods with experts’ view. This work, which includes grading the principle 7 of Universal Design in itself, will be guiding for designers. To the authors’ knowledge, this will be the first interdisciplinary study which uses these two techniques for evaluating UD principles for developers.
SİVİL HAVACILIKTA ELEKTRİKLİ YER HİZMETLERİ TEÇHİZATI KULLANIMI FAYDALAR, KISITLAR VE ÖNERİLER
Authors: YILDIZ Melih , MUTLU Savaş
Published: March 2020

Havacılık sektörü, her yıl gösterdiği yüksek büyüme oranları yanı sıra, çevre ve sağlık sorunlarına neden olan emisyonları azaltmak ve akaryakıt ile işletme maliyelerini düşürmek için gayret göstermektedir. Bu çabaların ortak paydasında bulunan tahrik sistemlerinde elektrik enerjisi kullanımı giderek ilgi çekmektedir. Bir yandan da yetkili otoritelerin elektrikli araç kullanımı konusundaki yaklaşımı sonucu, havacılık ekosisteminin önemli unsurlarından biri olan yer hizmetlerinde kullanılan teçhizatın da elektrikli alternatifleri gündeme gelmiştir. Bu araştırmada, yer hizmetlerinde kullanılan teçhizatın elektrikli olmasındaki faydalar ile birlikte söz konusu teçhizatın kısıtları ve konu hakkındaki öneriler ortaya konulmuştur. Araştırma nitel olarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve ikincil verilerden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmada dünyada bu alanda yapılmış uygulama çalışmalarından elde edilen deneyim ve modelleme çalışmaları sonuçları analiz edilmiş, bu alandaki genel eğilim ortaya konulmuştur. Ülkemizde önde gelen firmalardan birisinin mevcut elektrikli yer hizmetleri teçhizatı kullanım oranları değerlendirilmiştir. Ülkemiz elektrikli yer hizmetleri teçhizatı kullanımının incelenen ülkeler ortalamasında olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda elektrikli yer hizmetleri teçhizatının yaygınlaşması için gerekli şartlar belirlenmiş ve öneriler oluşturulmuştur.
ÇEKVALF SİSTEMLİ HOUSİNG KAPAĞININ TASARIMININ GELİŞTİRİLİP PROTOTİP PARÇA ÜZERİNDE TESTLERİN YAPILMASI
Authors: KAMBER Ömer Şaban
Published: March 2020

İnsan vücudu %70 oranında sudan oluşmaktadır. Vücuda alınan su tüm organlara etki etmektedir. İçilen suyun kalitesi bu nedenle insanlar için hayati öneme sahiptir. Suyun içerisinde yararlı maddeler olduğu gibi zararlı maddelerde bulunmaktadır. Su arıtma cihazları suyun içerisindeki zararlı maddelerin ayrıştırmasını filtreler yardımıyla sağlamaktadır. Suyun filtreler arasında geçişi housing kapak parçası vasıtasıyla sağlanmaktadır. Filtreler üzerinden belirli miktar ( kullanılan filtrenin özellik ve türüne göre bu miktar değişmektedir) su geçtikten sonra değiştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Filtrelerin değişimi sırasında su arıtma cihazı içerisindeki basınçtan dolayı housing kapaktan su dışarı çıkmaktadır. Filtre değişimi esnasında ortama gelen su montaj mahalindeki mobilyalara, halılara ve parke marleylere zarar verebilmektedir. Bu su kaçağını önlemek için housing kapak parçasına çekvalf sistemi eklenmesine karar verilmiştir. Bu amaçla üç farklı housing kapak tasarımı geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu parçaların prototiplerinin montajları yapılarak su sızdırmazlık testlerinin yapılması hedeflenmiştir. Prototip parçalara yapılan testlerle sistemin çalışması esnasındaki su geçiş miktarı ve maliyet analizleri yapılarak en uygun tasarımın belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir.
NESNELERİN İNTERNETİ İÇİN HİBRİT UYGULAMA KATMANI PROTOKOL TASARIMI
Authors: ÖZDOĞAN Erdal , ERDEM O. Ayhan
Published: March 2020

Nesnelerin İnternetinde, iletişim başarımını etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri kullanılacak olan mesajlaşma protokolüdür. MQTT, XMPP ve AMQP merkezi yapıda ve sunucu aracılığıyla haberleşen uygulama protokolleridir. DDS ve CoAP ise özellikle gerçek zamanlı uygulamalarda doğrudan iletişim için kullanılan uygulama protokolleridir. Nesnelerin İnternetinin giderek yaygınlaşması ve kullanım senaryolarının farklı gereksinimlere sahip olması, veri iletişiminde yeni yaklaşımların geliştirilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hem merkezi sunucu aracılığıyla hem de doğrudan iletişim sağlayabilen UDP tabanlı hibrit bir protokol tasarlanmıştır. Geliştirilen protokolün çalışma mantığı, paket yapısı ele alınmış ve işlevsellik yönünden MQTT protokolü ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
SALDA GÖLÜ HAVZASI GÜNEYİNİN (YEŞİLOVA/BURDUR) HİDROJEOLOJİSİ VE HİDROJEOKİMYASAL ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELEMESİ
Authors: VAROL Simge , KÜÇÜK Mutlu , DAVRAZ Ayşen , ŞENER Şehnaz , ŞENER Erhan , AKSEVER Fatma , KIRKAN Bülent , TOKGÖZLÜ Ahmet
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmada Salda Gölü havzasının güneyinde bulunan su kaynaklarının jeolojik, hidrolojik, hidrojeolojik ve hidrojeokimyasal özellikleri ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmıştır. Bölgede Mesozoyik ve Senozoyik yaşlı kayaçlar yayılım göstermektedir. Çalışma alanındaki litolojik birimlerden alüvyon ve kireçtaşları en önemli akiferlerdir. Çalışma alanındaki ortalama yağış miktarı 524.03 mm olup yağışın yaklaşık 368.55 mm’si buharlaşmaktadır. İnceleme alanındaki suların Mg-HCO3, Mg-Ca-HCO3, Ca-Mg-HCO3 ve Mg-Na-HCO3-CO3 sular fasiyesindedir. Yeraltısularında tespit edilen Mg artışı, Marmaris peridotitleri ile Kızılcadağ ofiyolit ve melanjı ile kaya‐su etkileşiminden kaynaklanmaktadır. Suların sulama suyu olarak kullanılabilirliği değerlendirilmiş ve bazı örneklerin sulama suyu olarak kullanımı uygun bulunmamıştır. Bölgede tarımsal faaliyetlerle ilişkili olarak S11 örneğinde nitrat içeriğinin sınır değeri aştığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada sularda mikrobiyolojik kirlenme ve Al, As, Cr ve Fe, gibi iz element içeriklerini belirlemeye yönelik araştırmalar da yapılmıştır. Su örneklerinin içme suyu olarak kullanılabilirliği ulusal ve uluslararası standartlarla karşılaştırıldığında, S2 no’lu örnek Al, S14 ve S15 no’lu örnekler As, S1-S3, S5-S15 no’lu örnekler Cr, S1 ve S5 no’lu örneklerin ise Fe bakımından içme suyu olarak kullanılamayacağı görülmektedir. Bu artışların hem jeojenik hem de antropojenik kökenli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
SICAK PLAKA KAYNAĞI İLE BİRLEŞTİRİLMİŞ PA6 VE CAM ELYAF KATKILI TÜREVLERİNİN NEM ALMA DAVRANIŞININ KAYNAK MUKAVEMETİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: SAYER Sami , ÖZYAMAN Can , ÖZES Çiçek
Published: March 2020

Polimer esaslı termoplastik malzeme grubunda yer alan poliamid, yüksek mukavemet ve yüksek sıcaklıklara dayanma özelliklerinden dolayı endüstrinin farklı alanlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Poliamid (PA) malzemelerin monomer yapısına bağlı olarak nem alma davranışları malzemenin mekanik özelliklerini önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Endüstrinin farklı alanlarında yarı mamul olarak üretilen ürünlerin, üretim şekli ve kullanım alanlarına bağlı olarak kaynak yöntemi ile birleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, PA6 ve cam elyaf katkılı türevlerinden üretilmiş olan numuneler sıcak plaka kaynak yöntemi ile birleştirilmiştir. Nem alma davranışının kaynak mukavemetine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla, numuneler -20 oC ile 60 oC sıcaklık aralığında 16 saat bekletilerek yapay olarak şartlandırılmıştır. Kaynaklı numunelerde, şartlandırma sıcaklıklarının artması ile PA6 malzemede nem alma oranının arttığı, mekanik mukavemet değerlerinin azaldığı ve yüzde uzama değerlerinin ise artığı gözlenmiştir. Cam elyaf katkılı numunelerde ise nem alma oranında önemli bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Şartlandırma sonrasında, en yüksek kaynak mukavemeti PA6 malzemede 0 oC’ de 34 MPa, PA6 GF15’te -10 oC’de 38MPa ve PA6 GF30’da ise -20 oC’de 41MPa olarak ölçülmüştür.
LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHIP ALGORITHM FOR LAYER MODULI ESTIMATION OF FULL-DEPTH ASPHALT PAVEMENTS
Authors: PEKCAN Onur
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a backcalculation tool, based on the hybrid use of League Championship Algorithm (LCA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), in order to predict the stiffness related layer properties of full-depth asphalt pavements. The proposed algorithm, namely LCA-ANN, is composed of two main parts; (i) an ANN forward response model, which is developed with the nonlinear finite element solution, for computing the surface deflections, and (ii) LCA search algorithm which is employed to search and provide the best set of layer moduli to the ANN model. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a synthetically generated dataset and real field data are utilized. Moreover, to assess the searching ability of LCA, well-accepted metaheuristic algorithms; Simple Genetic Algorithm (SGA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are employed for comparison purposes. Obtained results reveal that the proposed algorithm can predict the layer properties with a low order of error values and enables fast and reliable tool for backcalculation studies.
TWO YEARS FOLLOW UP AFTER ERADICATION THERAPY OF PEPTIC ULCER
Authors: RAJAB HASSAN KHUDER , AL-SNAFI ALI ESMAIL
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study was performed to detect the recurrence rate for two years after eradication therapy of peptic ulcer.

Methods: Sixty-nine patients included in this study in Kirkuk city from January 2004 to January 2005 as 1st year follow up, and 49 patients from January 2005 to January 2006 as second year follow up study. A urea breath test and re-endoscopic examination were carried out to confirm peptic ulcer recurrence. A questionnaire was prepared to take the history of the disease and other relevant data of each patient.

Results: The recurrence was occurred in 6 (8.7%) and 8 patients (16.33%) in the 1st and 2nd years after eradication therapy. Highly risk of recurrence was smoking, age below 50 y and stress in 1st year follow up, and stress was the highly risk in the 2nd year follow up.

Conclusion: After triple and quadruple therapy of peptic ulcer, the recurrence is low, However, the possibility of H. pylori resistance should be considered.
EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VERNONIA ELAEAGNIFOLIA DC. (ASTERACEAE) IN GLYCOPHYTIC AND HALOPHYTIC CONDITIONS
Authors: M. JATHINA , K. ABDUS SALAM A.
Published: March 2020

Objective: The investigate some of the antioxidant activities and bioactive potentials of Vernonia elaeagnifolia grown hydroponically in glycophytic and halophytic conditions.

Methods: Plants were grown in Hoagland solution and subjected to (Sodium chloride (NaCl) treatments. Plants cultivated without salt stress served as the control. The phytochemical analysis was done with the help of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and antioxidants were analyzed following standard procedures using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer.

Results: Significant changes were observed in the presence of antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), total polyphenols, proline and ascorbic acid. GPX and proline proved to be the major components in imparting salinity stress tolerance. The control showed the presence of 23 bioactive components while the treatment contained 19 components.

Conclusion: The study thus provides information regarding the place of collection of the particular plant. Glycophytic conditions prove to be the best choice in terms of bioactive components and fatty acid contents. The investigations reveal that the plant contains several bioactive components and antioxidants, which prove it as a promising plant for developing potential drugs.
VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF IMATINIB IN BULK AND FORMULATION
Authors: KUMBHAR SMITA , MATOLE VINOD , THORAT YOGESH , SHEGAONKAR ANITA , HOSMANI AVINASH
Published: March 2020

Objective: A new, simple, sensitive, precise and reproducible UV visible spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of Imatinib in pharmaceutical formulations with alizarin.

Methods: The method is based on formation of yellow-colored complex. The UV spectrum of Imatinib in methanol showed λ max at 431 nm. Beer’s law is valid in the concentration range of 10-70 μg/ml. This method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and robustness.

Results: The method has demonstrated excellent linearity over the range of 10-70 μg/ml with regression equation y =0.013x-0.017 and regression correlation coefficient r2= 0.997. Moreover, the method was found to be highly sensitive with LOD (4.3μg/ml) and LOQ (13.07μg/ml).

Conclusion: Based on results the proposed method can be successfully applied for the assay of Imatinib in various pharmaceutical dosage forms.
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION OF OSELTAMIVIRPHOSPHATE IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
Authors: YANJANE SACHIN A. , GHURGHURE SHRISHAIL M. , MATOLE VINOD K.
Published: March 2020

Objective: A new, simple, economical, precise, sensitive, linear, accurate, rapid UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Oseltamivir Phosphate in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation.

Methods: This UV method was developed using Methanol as a solvent. In the present method, the wavelength selected for analysis was 218 nm. UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer (Systronic 2201) was used to carry out spectral analysis. The ICH guidelines were used to validate the method.

Results: The method was validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD and LOQ. Linearity was found in the range of 10-50µg/ml. Accuracy was performed by using a recovery study. The amount of drug recovered was found to be in the range of 99.01-100.1%. The % RSD value was found to be less than 2.

Conclusion: The developed UV spectrophotometric method was found to be simple, economic, sensitive, easy, accurate, linear, specific and highly sensitive and can be used for routine estimation of Oseltamivir Phosphate.
Do plano diretor às operações urbanas consorciadas
Authors: Brandão Carlos Antônio
Published: March 2020

Resenha do livro de Eduardo Alberto Cuscé Nobre "Do plano diretor às operações urbanas consorciadas: a ascensão do discurso neoliberal e dos grandes projetos urbanos no planejamento paulistano" Editora Annablume, 2019
The Once and Future King: Robert F. Kennedy as a Liberal Icon
Authors: Mørk Anne
Published: March 2020

This article examines Robert F. Kennedy’s status as an icon to the American public and both liberals and conservatives. The difficulty in categorizing Kennedy’s complex political beliefs within just one of many liberal traditions is key to understanding his popularity with various—and often opposing—groups within American politics. Whereas conservatives favor Kennedy’s tough attitude on law-and-order, liberals admire Kennedy’s electoral appeal and ability to unite voters. However, the American people have adopted Kennedy as a non-partisan icon in the tradition of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King Jr., and John F. Kennedy. Starting with Kennedy’s death, the American people remembered him as a martyr of American democracy, justice, and equality. In the new millennium, Kennedy has frequently been presented in the media and political rhetoric as tough, but compassionate, and thereby as a liberal icon for the ages.