bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can a low-cost exercise monitor provide useful heart rate monitoring for use in low-resource emergency departments?
Authors: O’Mara Thomas A. , Hoz Miguel Armengol de la , Mechanic Oren J. , Dagan Alon
Published: September 2021

Objective Our objective was to study the clinical monitoring capabilities of a low-cost fitness wristband while measuring patient satisfaction with a mobility permitting device in the emergency department.Methods Patients enrolled were on continuous three-lead telemetry monitoring in a high acuity zone of the emergency department. Patients were given a fitness band to wear while simultaneously monitored with standard three-lead monitor. A brief survey was conducted upon study end, and data was compared between wristband and three-lead telemetry. Median heart rate (HR) values were calculated, a Bland-Altman plot was generated, and sensitivity and specificity were calculated for comparison of the formal telemetry and the inexpensive wristband.Results Thirty-four patients with an average age of 61.5 years were enrolled. From June to October 2019, over 100 hours of data were collected. In comparison for comfort, participants scored 9.5 of 10, preferring wristband over telemetry. Using a correlation coefficient graph, we found a significant disparity of HR readings within a telemetry range of 40 to 140 beats/min. An R-value of 0.36 was detected. Using a Bland-Altman plot, we observed a significant difference in HR between the telemetry monitor and the wristband. The sensitivity and specificity of the wristband to detect bradycardia (HR <60 beats/min) were 76% and 86%, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of the wristband to detect tachycardia (HR >100 beats/min) were 92% and 51%, respectively.Conclusion Inexpensive fitness bands cannot be a suitable tool for monitoring patient’s HR because of inaccuracy in detecting bradycardia or tachycardia.
Heart rate variability and interoceptive accuracy predict impaired decision-making in Gambling Disorder
Authors: Moccia Lorenzo , Quintigliano Maria , Janiri Delfina , De Martin Valentina , Rogier Guyonne , Sani Gabriele , Janiri Luigi , Velotti Patrizia , Gallese Vittorio , Speranza Anna Maria , Di Nicola Marco
Published: September 2021

Background and aims

Gambling Disorder (GD) entails maladaptive patterns of decision-making. Neurophysiological research points out the effect of parasympathetic arousal, including phasic changes in heart rate variability (HRV), and interoceptive accuracy (IA, i.e., the ability to track changes in bodily signals), on decision-making. Nevertheless, scarce evidence is available on their role in GD. This is the first study exploring the impact in GD of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an index of HRV, and IA on decision-making, as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT).

Methods

Twenty-two patients experiencing problems with slot-machines or video lottery terminals gambling and 22 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. A resting ECG was performed before and after the completion of the IGT. IA was assessed throughout the heartbeat detection task. We conducted a MANCOVA to detect the presence of significant differences between groups in RSA reactivity and IA. A linear regression model was adopted to test the effect of factors of interest on IGT scores.

Results

Patients with GD displayed significantly decreased RSA reactivity (P = 0.002) and IA (P = 0.024) compared to HCs, even after controlling for affective symptoms, age, smoking status, and BMI. According to the linear regression model, cardiac vagal reactivity and IA significantly predict decision-making impairments on the IGT (P = 0.008; P = 0.019).

Discussion and conclusions

Although the exact pathways linking HRV and IA to impaired decision-making in GD remain to be identified, a broader exploration relying upon an embodiment-informed framework may contribute to shed further light on the clinical phenomenology of the disorder.
Assessment of Relations of Business Ecosystems with the Level of Economic Development of Regions of Russia
Authors:   Udmurt Branch of the Institute of Economics, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ovchinnikova A. V. , Zimin S. D. ,   Udmurt Branch of the Institute of Economics, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

Shifts in the economic environment are associated with the transition to a new technological order. The nascent production model is based on the creation of fundamentally new schemes of economic cooperation between economic entities. In addition, the current structural industrial crisis, exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic, leads to a general decline in business activity, and a decrease in the growth of regional economies. One of the forms of organizing and supporting regional entrepreneurship, which can ensure the coordination of the process of interaction of economic entities on the way from general competition to general cooperation, is the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. The aim of the study is to determine the presence of a connection between the level of development of a region's entrepreneurial ecosystem and the general level of its economic development. The research hypotheses are as follows: H1 - the higher the level of development of the regional entrepreneurial ecosystem, the higher the level and dynamics of development of the regional economy as a whole; H2 - a subject with a more developed entrepreneurial ecosystem "lures" resources and participants of neighboring ecosystems. The objects of the research are the regional economies of 79 regions of the Russian Federation in 2005-2019. To confirm the first hypothesis, a cluster analysis of the studied subjects was carried out, dividing them into four cluster groups according to the concept of the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems. To confirm the second hypothesis, we calculated the paired correlation and covariance coefficients between the deviations of the fertility rates of organizations and the rates of official liquidation by region. It has been established that regions with mature entrepreneurial ecosystems have higher indicators of economic development, as well as other key indicators of the quality of development of the region's entrepreneurial ecosystem. It was not possible to statistically confirm the second of the theses put forward. Fertility rates and the official liquidation of organizations for the subjects under study changed mainly in the same direction, that is, under the influence of the same factors. This idea is confirmed by the calculation of the pair correlation coefficients. Despite the absence of a statistical possibility of substantiating the second hypothesis of the study, the relationship between the level of development of the region's entrepreneurial ecosystem and the general level of regional economic development has been established. The results obtained can be applied in planning and forecasting the economic development of regional economies.
Impact of the Gross Regional Product and Total Monetary Income of the Population on Savings Behavior in the Regions of Russia
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Gamukin V. V. , Miroshnichenko O. S. ,   Tyumen State University
Published: September 2021

The search for factors that could explain the formation of stable savings behavior of the population while taking into account regional conditions, remains relevant for ensuring the sustainability of a country's banking system. The aim of the study is to identify possible relationships between the indicators of gross regional product, total monetary income and deposits of the population in the regions of Russia. Within the framework of the study, the hypothesis is set and tested about the existence of a pattern between the savings behavior of the population and the share of its income relative to the gross regional product. An index method is used to determine the ratio of the indicators under consideration. Three indices are calculated: the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population, the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population to the volume of monetary income of the population of the region, and the ratio of the volume of monetary income of the population of the region to gross regional product. The latter index has not been used previously in studies of the savings behavior of the population. Additionally, the method of graphical matching of indices with scattering chart construction is applied. The indicators of the regions of Russia are divided into four clusters according to the criterion of deviation from the average values in the country. As a result, various models of behavior of depositors are determined. In 21 regions classified under cluster I and IV, there is a direct proportional relationship between the indicators considered, namely, a low tendency to save with a low share of per capita income to gross regional product. In 64 regions classified as clusters II and III, an inverse relationship between the indicators under consideration was formed, which indicates the predominance of such a model in Russia as a whole and confirms the hypothesis put forward for most regions. The distribution of the regions of the clusters according to relativity criteria from the average Russian values allows you to quickly assess the state of savings behavior of the population and predict this factor when analyzing the stability of regional banking systems within the practical activities of the territorial administrations of the Central Bank of Russia. It can also be used by credit organizations to develop interregional expansion programs.
Copper Companies as a Basis for Ensuring Their Global Competitiveness
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Krivorotov V. V. , Kalina A. V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Erypalov S. E. ,   Ural Mining Metallurgical Company – Holding Corporation, Koryakina P. А. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop methodological tools and assess the energy efficiency of Russian copper companies in comparison with the world's leading competitors as the basis for ensuring their competitive development. It is shown that in today's conditions the defining vector of economic development in the leading countries of the world is the concept of low-carbon development and the implementation of the model of a «green economy, based on the introduction of energy-efficient low-carbon technologies that reduce energy intensity and the level of greenhouse gas emissions, on the widespread implementation of energy conservation policies and stimulating the rational use of energy resources A scientific and methodological approach to researching and increasing the competitiveness of companies based on their energy efficient development based on the use of a systematic approach and the principle of feedback between the company's competitiveness and the implementation of its energy efficient development strategy is proposed. A methodological approach to assessing the energy efficiency of companies has been developed, based on the use of indicative analysis and comparative analysis of energy efficiency indicators. Within the framework of the developed methodology, a system of indicators of the company's energy efficiency is proposed, which is based on a three-level assessment at the following levels: the level of the production complex as a whole; the level of certain types of products manufactured by the production complex; the level of the technological process for the production of products. Within the framework of the considered three-tier system, a block system of energy efficiency indicators of the company has been formed. The conceptual scheme of the methodology for the multicriteria selection of priority energy-efficient projects for the development of the company is proposed, based on a complex multi-stage procedure, as a result of the implementation of which the selection of the set of projects is made that will provide the maximum effect from the standpoint of increasing the company's energy efficiency. Practical testing of the proposed methodological developments was carried out in relation to the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company - the largest domestic company in the field of copper and copper products production - in comparison with the world's leading competitors. The results of the approbation showed a significant lag of the company in a number of key energy efficiency indicators from the world's leading manufacturers.
The Role of ICT and Entrepreneurship in forming Sustainable Supply Chains: Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Rogulin R. S.
Published: September 2021

Supply chain management is currently undergoing a significant digital transformation driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of digital technologies and entrepreneurship in improving the efficiency of supply chains in the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. The paper considers GDP per capita as a value characterizing the degree of the country's well-being in the pre-crisis period; the LPI logistics efficiency index which determines the degree of development of the logistics environment in the country; the TIDL digital life index, which assesses the degree of development of the economy from the standpoint of digitalization; the GEI entrepreneurship index reflecting the degree of development of entrepreneurship in the country. A cluster analysis of countries by regression coefficients of the dependence of GDP per capita on the year is carried out. The result of the cluster analysis was the division of many countries into clusters, from which two economies were taken for further analysis. The work resulted in conclusions about a significant relationship between ICT and logistics efficiency, between the level of entrepreneurship and the efficiency of logistics in the pre-crisis period. It is shown that developed economies have high efficiency of logistics systems, high values ​​of the rating of digital life and the level of entrepreneurship, which cannot be argued for countries with a level of development starting from the middle and below. The main conclusion of the study is the fact that, firstly, the active introduction of ICT makes it possible to restore supply chains destroyed by the crisis, to increase their efficiency, and secondly, the development of entrepreneurial activity in the country gives a serious impetus to the efficiency of supply chains, as a result of which businesses get a chance not only to survive amid a pandemic, but also gain significant benefits. This work is constrained by the lack of post-crisis data, so there is a huge spectrum to complement the current research on the stability and resilience of supply chains during and after pandemics.
Deficiência e transferência de renda diante da síndrome congênita do Zika vírus: um estudo sobre a Medida Provisória 894/2019
Authors: Pereira Silvia de Oliveira , Oliveira Juliana Tosta de , Vasconcellos Milton Silva de , Santos Darci Neves dos
Published: September 2021

Desde 2015, a Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus (SCZV) marca o cenário brasileiro, extrapolando o campo da Saúde Pública com demandas da proteção social. Considerando a intersecção entre pobreza, deficiência e marcos da seguridade social, examina-se a Medida Provisória 894, que prevê renda mensal vitalícia para as crianças acometidas. Com o objetivo discutir o instrumento à luz dos marcos da seguridade social no recorte da transferência de renda não condicionada para as pessoas com deficiência (PcD) no Brasil, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo mediante análise de documentos públicos e revisão de literatura. As respostas estatais não produziram impacto na insuficiência de renda porque voltaram-se inicialmente para atender à situação emergencial, recorrendo às políticas preexistentes, e culminaram na substituição entre modalidades de transferência de renda – o Benefício de Prestação Continuada para Pensão Vitalícia –, revelando fragilização da proteção social integral.
Memórias sobre a avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica no Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Tajra Fábio Solon , Cardoso Tauani Zampieri , Cardoso Osmar de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

A avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) ocorreu para verificação in loco dos itens pactuados entre os municípios e o Ministério da Saúde. Equipes foram constituídas e treinadas e viajaram a campo para coletar dados no Piauí. Objetivou-se compreender os significados da experiência da avaliação externa no PMAQ-AB atribuídos pelos supervisores e entrevistadores no estado do Piauí. Desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Exploramos três unidades de significado: memórias que vivi, que senti e que percebi. O trabalho das equipes foi longo, intenso e desafiador. Percebemos uma realidade diversa da Atenção Básica à Saúde, destacando a necessidade de organização e funcionamento dos serviços. Ademais, os encontros dos entrevistadores com os usuários, profissionais e gestores dispararam reflexões importantes quanto à Atenção Básica à Saúde no Piauí.
Does physical activity improve adaptive behaviour, fitness, and quality of life of adults with intellectual disability?
Authors: Diz Susana , Gomes Fernando , Santos Sofia
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The effects of a physical activity program on adaptive behaviour, motor proficiency, fitness, and quality of life of 16 adults with intellectual disability (ID) were analysed. Portuguese versions of Adaptive Behavior Scale, Personal Outcomes Scale, Bruininsky-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test, and Fullerton scale were applied twice before, after, and one month after the program. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used and Bonferroni manual correction was performed to establish a new p-value. The control group stabilized performance over time, the experimental group improved in most domains, such as socialization (p <0.005), responsibility (p <0.005), and arm curl (p <0.01). Our findings call for tailor-made interventions to improve PA levels among adults with ID.
Effects of coloured foliage on visual aesthetic quality
Authors: Wang Ronghua , Jiang Wuxian , Lu Tianshu , Xu Xiaolin
Published: September 2021

Though color is a major component that increases the aesthetic value of the environment, the studies on the effect of coloured foliage on aesthetic preference are rare. To increase the understanding on the effect of constant coloured foliage trees (CCFT) on aesthetic preference, 90 images were created by adding three types of CCFT across two grades of amount to 15 original photographs which were taken in summer and dominated by green vegetation. The aesthetic quality of these images was evaluated quantitatively through online surveys. Results showed that adding a high amount of red foliage trees and high or low yellow foliage trees decreased the aesthetic values of original photographs significantly, while adding a low amount of red foliage trees and the mixture of red and yellow trees (whether low or high amount) did not have an influence on aesthetic preference ratings. These results, generally, do not encourage the planting coloured foliage trees in urban green space. However, in order to enrich the colours of the landscape in summer, a low amount of red foliage trees or a mixture of red and yellow foliage trees can be introduced to urban green space.
Construction and energy aspects of affordable housing developments for formal settlements
Authors: Presswood Rebecca , Thadani H. L. , Go Y. I. , Afshan Sheida , Rweyora A. K.
Published: September 2021

Nearly one-quarter of the world's urban population lives in informal settlements or encampments, most in developing countries but increasingly also in the most affluent countries. Many residents live in overcrowded, insecure dwellings, without water and sanitation, fearful of eviction and subject to preventable life-threatening illnesses. UN Sustainable Development Goal 11: ‘Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable’ is committed to ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and upgrade slums by 2030. There is therefore an urgent need for more affordable and permanent housing to be developed. This paper presents a review of the construction and energy aspects of affordable housing developments for informal settlement dwellers. The conditions of existing informal settlements in Global South countries have been researched and various case studies of informal settlement upgrading programmes are presented. The potentials of solar energy technologies in development of green affordable houses in case study countries Uganda and Indonesia are assessed.
Gelatine Film Incorporated with Clitoria ternatea-Derived Anthocyanin Microcapsules, A Food Packaging Material Effective Against Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Leong Chean Ring , Daud Nurul Shahida , Tong Woei Yenn , Cheng See Yuan , Tan Wen Nee , Hamin Nurhanis Syafiqah , Pa'ee Khairul Faizal
Published: September 2021

Research background. Microbial contamination of food products is one of the significant causes of food spoilage and foodborne illnesses. The use of active packaging films incorporated with antimicrobial agents can be a measure to improve food quality and extend shelf life. Nevertheless, antimicrobial agents such as silver, copper, titanium and zinc in the packaging films have raised concerns among consumers due to toxicity issues.
Experimental approach. The current study aims to develop biodegradable gelatine- based edible films incorporated with microcapsules of Clitoria ternatea-derived anthocyanins as a natural antimicrobial agent. The impact of incorporation of microcapsules with anthocyanins on the morphology, thermal, mechanical, water vapour barrier and physicochemical properties of the gelatine films was evaluated in this study. The effectiveness of the developed films against foodborne pathogens and their application for perishable food protection were also investigated.
Results and conclusions. The results show that incorporating anthocyanin microcapsules enhances the gelatine film physical and mechanical properties by increasing the thickness, tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break of the films. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis revealed that the film surface morphology with anthocyanin microcapsules had a homogeneous and smooth surface texture compared to the control. The thermogravimetric analysis also showed a slight improvement in the thermal properties of the developed films. Agar well diffusion assay revealed that the developed films exhibit significant inhibition against a broad-spectrum of bacteria. Furthermore, the films composed of gelatine with anthocyanin microcapsules significantly reduced the total viable count of microorganisms in the bean curd during storage for 12 days compared with the control films.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Increasing global awareness of healthy and safe food with minimal synthetic ingredients as preservatives has sparked the search for the use of antimicrobial agents of natural origins in active food packaging material. In this study, a safe and effective active packaging film was developed using an environmentally friendly biopolymer, gelatine film incorporated with microcapsules of Clitoria ternatea-derived anthocyanins as a natural antimicrobial agent. This study demonstrated that such a method is not only able to improve the film physical properties but can also significantly prolong the shelf life of food products by protecting them from microbial spoilage.
Evaluation of corn-soybean inter-cropping systems in southwestern Japan
Authors: Azizi Ahmad Seyar , Kobayashi Ikuo , Chuuka Jonathan , Ishigaki Genki
Published: September 2021

To assess the effects of inter-cropping corn and soybean under southwestern Japan’s climatic conditions, 5 different treatments were compared, namely: CW (mono-cropped corn - weeded); CTW (corn + soybean cv. Tachinagaha - weeded); CT (corn + soybean cv. Tachinagaha - unweeded); CSW (corn + soybean cv. Suzukaren - weeded); and CS (corn + soybean cv. Suzukaren - unweeded). Parameters measured were height, yield, nutrient composition of corn and soybean and the numbers of Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica). Plant height of mono-cropped corn was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of corn in most of the inter-cropped treatments. The number of Japanese beetles had increased dramatically, especially on unweeded inter-cropped treatments, at 55 DAS (days after sowing). Fresh and dry matter yields (FMY and DMY) of corn did not differ among treatments (P>0.05), while CTW treatment produced higher FMY and DMY for soybean (P<0.05) than in CSW and CS. Weeding tended to reduce the number of Japanese beetles on soybean plants, but it did not affect yield of soybean in this study. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations in corn cobs, whole corn plants and whole soybean plants did not differ among treatments (P>0.05), while crude protein (CP) concentration in whole corn plants in CTW exceeded (P<0.05) those for mono-cropped corn and CSW treatments. These results indicated that soybean can be successfully inter-cropped with corn in southwestern Japan. Soybean plants may be infested with Japanese beetles. It is advisable to control weeds in the stands to reduce the level of beetle infestation and to minimize competition for the planted crops.
Quality properties of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) silages
Authors: Topçu Gülcan Demi̇roğlu , Özkan Şükrü Sezgi̇
Published: September 2021

Maize is an ideal forage crop for ensilage because of its high levels of fermentable carbohydrates, although it is low in protein. Sunn hemp is a legume with a high crude protein content with potential to be used in combination with maize to provide a silage with a higher protein content. Different percentages of sunn hemp-maize mixtures of 80-20, 60-40, 40-60 and 20-80 respectively were compared to silages of sole maize and sunn hemp. In the laboratory study, DLG classifications (color, smell, structure, total score and quality class), silage loss (%), silage pH, dry matter content, flieg score, crude protein content, crude ash content, NDF, ADF, metabolic energy (MJ kg-1 DM), dry matter intake, percent digestible dry matter and relative feed value were determined at the end of 60 days ensilage. The crude protein contents of silages increased as the sunn hemp ratio in the mixtures increased. In addition, pure sunn hemp silage and mixtures, especially 80% sunn hemp mixed with 20% maize, were found suitable for silage and it was concluded that sunn hemp and sunn hemp-maize silage mixtures could be used in animal husbandry.
En búsqueda de la identidad social del ingeniero: una trayectoria de construcción de identidad profesional en Colombia en medio de la modernización capitalista (1848-1929)
Authors: Torrejano Vargas Rodrigo Hernán , Bocanegra Acosta Henry
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Ilustrar el proceso histórico que condujo al reconocimiento y a la legitimación social y profesional de la ingeniería, así como la construcción de la identidad social de los ingenieros en varios países de Latinoamérica, particularmente en Colombia. Metodología: Parte de la perspectiva del colectivismo metodológico, en el que las condiciones materiales y culturales son fundamentales para contextualizar y explicar los procesos de construcción de identidad social. Resultados: La profesión de ingeniero adquirió relevancia social, económica y política desde que el Estado la adoptó como la profesión del futuro, esa sin la cual ningún país podría alcanzar el desarrollo y progreso material. Conclusión: El ingeniero adquirió una imagen social positiva relacionada con el espíritu racionalista y pragmático de la época y de su oficio.
The Role of the Courts in Advancing Water Security in South Africa
Authors: Qumbu Bronwen
Published: September 2021

This article explores the role which courts could play in promoting water security in South Africa. As the country is one of the driest on the continent, its water security issues remain at the forefront of the service delivery conundrum. Therefore, issues of water security often need to be litigated to arrive at a favourable and just outcome. This is where the focus of this article lies. Based on a critical analysis of the legal framework governing water security and relevant case law, the article argues that courts could promote water security by discharging certain duties. Firstly, the courts must uphold the applicable law by weighing the rights and interests that relate to water and must then make reasonable, just and equitable findings. Secondly, the courts must solve water-related disputes between parties by interpreting and applying the applicable laws and policies. It is submitted that by executing these two functions, the courts contribute to a deeper understanding of the water security discourse. Finally, it is argued that through the execution of their traditional judicial functions, courts contribute to the making of law that directly affects water security.
Polynomial method for the synthesis of regulators for the special case of multichannel objects with one input variable and several output values
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Voevoda Aleksander , Filiushov Vladislav ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Shipagin Viktor ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Currently, an urgent task in control theory is the synthesis of regulators for objects with a smaller number of input values compared to output ones, such objects are described by matrix transfer functions of a non-square shape. A particular case of a multichannel object with one input variable and two / three / four output variables is considered; the matrix transfer function of such an object has not a square shape, but one column and two / three / four rows. To calculate the controllers, a polynomial synthesis technique is used, which consists in using a polynomial matrix description of a closed-loop control system. A feature of this approach is the ability to write the characteristic matrix of a closed multichannel system through the polynomial matrices of the object and the controller in the form of a matrix Diophantine equation. By solving the Diophantine equation, the desired poles of the matrix characteristic polynomial of the closed system are set. There are many options for solving the Diophantine equation and one of them is to represent the polynomial matrix Diophantine equation as a system of linear algebraic equations in matrix form, where the matrix of the system is the Sylvester matrix. The choice of the order of the polynomial matrix controller and the order of the characteristic matrix is carried out on the basis of the theorem given in the works of Chi-Tsong Chen, which always holds for controlled objects. If the minimum order of the controller is chosen in accordance with this theorem, and the Sylvester matrix has not full rank, then this means that there are more unknown elements in the system of linear algebraic equations than there are equations. In this case, the solution corresponding to the selected basic minor has free parameters, which are the parameters of the regulators. Free parameters of regulators can be set arbitrarily, which is used to set or exclude some zeros in a closed system. Thus, using various examples of objects with a non-square matrix transfer function, a polynomial synthesis technique is illustrated, which allows not only specifying the poles of a closed system, but also some zeros, which is a significant advantage, especially when synthesizing controllers for multichannel objects.
Methodology for constructing a neural fuzzy network in the field of information security
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Arkhipova Anastasiya , Polyakov Pavel ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes the use of hybrid models based on neural networks and fuzzy systems to build intelligent intrusion detection systems based on the theory of fuzzy rules. The presented system will be able to generate rules based on the results using fuzzy logic neurons. To avoid oversaturation and assist in determining the necessary network topology, training models based on extreme learning machine and regularization theory will be used to find the most significant neurons. In this paper, a type of SQL injection cyberattack is considered, which actively exploits errors in systems that communicate with the database via SQL commands, and for this reason is considered a kind of straightforward attack. The fuzzy neural network architecture used in detecting SQL injection attacks is a multi-component structure. The first two layers of the model are considered as a fuzzy inference system capable of extracting knowledge from data and transforming it into fuzzy rules. These rules help build automated systems for detecting SQL injection attacks. The third layer consists of a simple neuron that has an activation function called a leaky ReLU. The first layer consists of fuzzy neurons, the activation functions of which are Gaussian membership functions of fuzzy sets, defined in accordance with the partitioning of the input variables. The technique uses the concept of a simple linear regression model to solve the problem of choosing the best subsets of neurons. To perform model selection, the paper used the widely used least angular regression (LARS) algorithm.
Calculation of the regulator for the object with a delay
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Voevoda Aleksander , Shipagin Viktor ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Filiushov Vladislav ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The task of managing some systems is complicated due to the fact that real technical objects contain delay links. That is, there is a certain period of time when there is no reaction from the object of regulation to the control action. Usually, the presence of a delay link negatively affects the quality of management of such a system. There are various ways to synthesize a control system for such systems. These include: Smith predictors, specialized control tuning algorithms, the use of self-adjusting systems with active adaptation. However, they impose additional requirements on the dynamics of the system or are complex in technical implementation and configuration. Within the framework of this article, an attempt is made to calculate the regulator by the polynomial method for an object with a delay. The mathematical model of the delay is obtained by approximating the delay link next to the Pade. To ensure the necessary dynamics of the transition process from the system, we require the preservation of the poles of the delay link. Then the regulator, calculated for a system with a delay link in the form of a series of Pads, is applied to a system with an "ideal" delay. For clarity of the calculations carried out, an object in the form of a combination of aperiodic and integrating links connected in different ways is taken as an example. The integrating link is necessary to give the system astatic properties. As a delay, we will use the approximation of the range of different orders. The link of delay gives the system a non-stable character.
Carpatho-Ukraine’s defeat as a precursor of WWII
Authors:   Institute of World History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Kudriachenko A.I.
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes the course of events and the international context of Сarpatho- Ukrainian state’s rise and defeat in terms of role and impact of the leading European actors at the end of the 1930’s. Based on an in-depth study of the wide range of literature, documents and relevant archives, the author highlights the role of Carpatho-Ukraine, which for a short period happened to be at the epicenter of the geopolitical interests of the states whose actions or inaction fueled the warmongers. The revival and strengthening of a number of European countries at that historical period deteriorized international relations. The erosion of the Versailles-Washington bases intensified the contradictions in the foreign policy between the victorious and vanquished states. The defeated countries reinforced their positions, since the victors, who were expanding their military might at the expense of Czechoslovak Republic, including Transcarpathia, were becoming more submissive in accommodating territorial claims. This situation largely updated the approaches to the Ukrainian question. The variability of the ways to solve it largely depended on the situational decisions of the Third Reich political leadership.
Methodology of the research of the Transcarpathia Sovietization in 1944–1950
Authors:   Uzhgorod National University (Uzhhorod, Ukraine), Mishchanyn V.V.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the modern methodology of the Transcarpathia Sovietization research in 1944–1950. Though there are individual (N. Makara, V. Mishchanyn) and collective monogrpahs (N. Makara, R. Ofitsinsky), it is too early to speak about a serious methodological base to present the causal links of this process. A better understanding of Sovietization in Transcarpathia requires studying the historical and geographical space. A contemporary researcher should go beyond the narrowed framework of the regional approach in the study of the Sovietization in Transcarpathia and compare its post-war transformations with those in Western Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic Republics, Central and Eastern Europe (A. Applebaum) using the methodology of comparative analysis. The epistemological approach employed by P.R. Magocsi can be used to study the historical specificity of the region with its multi-ethnicity, multiculturalism, multiconfessionality (S. Makarchuk). The Ukrainian emigration was rather critical of the post-war policy of the Soviet regime. In particular, V. Markus defines the entry of Transcarpathia into Soviet Ukraine as annexation. The Encyclopedia of Ukraine published in the 1950s and 1980s in Canada analyzes many aspects of Sovietization in the Ukrainian SSR. A contemporary researcher should clearly understand such concepts as “totalitarianism” (H. Arendt), “Sovietization”, “socialist version of modernization” (S. Gavrov), “transit”, “transformation”, etc. The article also points out some errors of scholars studying the problems of Sovietization in the region. Thus, the problem of Sovietization of Transcarpathia is still under development. Its multifaceted nature requires interdisciplinary approaches using the tools of history, economics, law, statistics, political science, social science, ethnology, and cultural studies.
On the handwritten tradition of the Slavic version of Matthew Blastares’s Syntagma in the principality of moldavia in the 15th–17th centuries
Authors:   Russian State Library (Moscow, Russia), Pascal A.D.
Published: September 2021

The article analyses the relationship of the copies of the Slavic version of Matthew Blastares’s Syntagma made in the 15th – 17th centuries in the Principality of Moldavia. The author studied haplographies (line omissions) in eight of the eleven surviving copies de visu and by photocopies to determine that, in addition to the monastery of Neamc, Suceava, and Romanesque metropolitans, there was another most important center for copying the Syntagma in the Principality of Moldavia of the 15th-17th centuries in the Putna Monastery, where three direct copies of each subsequent copy from the previous one were created, starting with the original Copy of 1472 (Bucharest, Library of the Academy of Romania, Nr. 131). These are the following manuscripts: Copy of 1474 (Moscow, Russian State Library, Fund 98, Nr. 742); Copy of the early 16th century (Moscow, Russian State Library, Fund 98, Nr. 65); Copy of the last quarter of the 16th century (Moscow, Russian State Library, Fund 178, Nr. 4293). The information about the number of Slavic copies of Matthew Blastares’s Syntagma in the Principality in the 15th – 17th centuries has been adjusted upwards, since some of the surviving copies can be traced back to their Slavic manuscript protographic originals, which have not yet been found in the world depositories or not survived to this day.
Jakub Szela: The Unknown Pages of History
Authors:   Ural State Law University (Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation), Berg L.N. , Korsakov K.V. ,   Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

The article focuses on the new and little-known historical facts about Jakub Szela, a leader of the peasant uprising in Western Galicia in 1846, also known as the Galician Massacre, against Polish landowners, nobility, government officials and Catholic priests. The authors emphasize the Rusin origin of Jakub Szela and many other uprising participants, which explains both the reasons for and nature of these peasant uprisings accompanied by brutal murders in Western Galicia. These controversies originate from the social, national, and religious contradictions unresolved by the Polish administration. Jacub Szela suffered from oppression, humiliation and deprivation from the representatives of the privileged classes, which united him with other famous historical figures who led peasant and Cossack popular uprisings and riots and headed robber bands and insurgent groups in Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Moldova, and Ukraine. The authors argue that Jacub Szela’s activities were progressive, although the opinions and judgements about them now are polarized. The Austrian Empire and Russia played a noticeable role in the suppression of the Polish liberation movement in the middle of the 19th century. The authors emphasize that the Galician uprising of 1846 coincided with the Polish liberation movement and did much to counteract it. Finally, Jacub Szela and his associates achieved their main goal – the abolition of serfdom and corvee labor in Galicia.
Another Short-Lived State of the Carpatho-Rusins – the Hutsul Republic
Authors:   Institute for Minority Studies of the Centre for Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (Budapest, Hungary), Fedinec Cs. , Szakál I. ,   Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College (Berehove, Ukraine)
Published: September 2021

The autumn of 1918 in Europe was quite remarkable in every respect. WWI ended, empires collapsed to give place to new state formations. New states had to form under unequal terms: those supporting the victorious side received privileges, while those who were with the vanquished were given less chance to create their own independent state. Some state formations existed for only a short time and were recognized as states only by their creators. Carpathian Rusins in Poland and Hungary made such attempts. In Hungary, they formed the Hutsul Republic, which existed from January to June 1919 in the village of Yasinia and its environs (modern Transcarpathian region of Ukraine). The article aims at describing the local context of this state entity, its uniqueness, perspectives of local political elites, and the attitude of official Hungary towards the selfproclaimed republic. The authors focus on the local circumstances that made the Hutsul Republic possible (the collapse of the Hungarian state apparatus, the state of soldiers returning from the front, supply disruptions, and epidemics) and highlight the current perception of those events in the national memory and state policy.
Subjects of Austria-Hungary in Western Siberia and Turkestan in the early twentieth century (1900–1917)
Authors:   Science center “Science Service” (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan), Omarbayev Y.K. , Tarakchi V.T. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Kh.A. Yassawi  (Turkestan, Kazakhstan), Bazarbayev K.К. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Kh.A. Yassawi  (Turkestan, Kazakhstan), Kumganbayev Zh.Zh. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: September 2021

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Russian Empire played an important role in the processes of European migration. Of particular importance was the migration policy with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Czechs, Rusins, Poles, and Slovaks, who belonged to the Austro-Hungarian population, settled mainly in the European part of the Russian Empire and engaged mainly in agriculture, while the Austrians and Germans opened industrial enterprises in the cities of Western Siberia (Governor- Generalship of the Steppes, 1882–1918). In general, there were two reasons why the Austro-Hungarians settled in Western Siberia and Turkestan: some voluntarily resettled and contributed to the economic and social development of the regions, while others had to move here as prisoners of war. However, it should be noted that in both cases, the tsarist administration did not restrict their social and legal status. The article examines the reasons for the stay of Austro-Hungarian subjects in Western Siberia and Turkestan, as well as their impact on the socio-economic situation of these regions. Austro- Hungarian immigrants, as well as immigrants from other European countries, acted as transmitters of new entrepreneurial experience, advanced technologies, and Western entrepreneurial culture. The descendants of immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian lands became part of the multinational composition of Western Siberia and Turkestan.
Propagana competition between “Prosvita” and The A. Dukhnovych Society for the Rusinian audience of Subcarpathian Rus during the interwar period
Authors:   Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy (Lviv, Ukraine), Kutska O.M.
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes the informational activity of two societies – “Prosvita” (Eng. Enlightenment) and The A. Dukhnovych Society among Rusinian population of Subcarpathian Rus using modern approaches to the propaganda analysis, which implies answering the questions of who, whom on, what methods and forms are used. In particular, it has been found out that both societies had similar structures, with their members being representatives of intelligentsia with Ukrainophile and Russophile views respectively. They were also joined by the representatives of emigration and local population. The Rusinian audience had a relatively low educational level, and many residents of Subcarpathian Rus could not make up their minds whether they were of Rusinian ethnicity and what religion they practiced. The main forms of informing were printed press, oral transmission and radio broadcasting. Most often, the societies used polygraphic means of propaganda, since they were the easiest to produce. Oral transmission also proved quite productive, since it did not require significant expenditures. Radio was of limited application due to lack of receiving equipment. The author’s perspective of the propaganda methods has been formed through the analysis of individual episodes, informational and visual materials about the social and political life of Carpathian Rus and the activities of “Prosvita” and The A. Dukhnovich Society. Among the most popular methods were persuasion, suggestion, manipulation, and disinformation. However, it is possible to speak about their application only conditionally, since there was no propaganda technique in its modern understanding. The representatives of the societies under analsysis acted out of their personal understanding of campaigning methods and responding to the information needs of the Rusin community.