bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The LupusQoL and Associations with Demographics and Clinical Measurements in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: McELHONE KATHLEEN , CASTELINO MADHURA , ABBOTT JANICE , BRUCE IAN N. , AHMAD YASMEEN , SHELMERDINE JOANNA , PEERS KATE , ISENBERG DAVID , FERENKEH-KOROMA ADA , GRIFFITHS BRIDGET , AKIL MOHAMMED , MADDISON PETER , GORDON CAROLINE , TEH LEE-SUAN
Published: September 2010

Objective.

Having developed and validated a disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the LupusQoL, we determined its relationship to demographic and clinical measurements in a group of patients with SLE.

Methods.

A group of 322 outpatients completed the LupusQoL. Demographic (age, sex, marital status, ethnicity) and clinical variables (disease duration, disease activity, damage) were recorded. Associations between the 8 LupusQoL domains and age, disease duration, disease activity, and damage were explored using Spearman’s correlation coefficients. Differences in LupusQoL scores were examined for sex and marital status using the Mann-Whitney U test. Ethnic groups were compared using ANOVA.

Results.

All domains of LupusQoL were impaired, with fatigue (56.3) being the worst affected and body image (80.0) the least. The correlations between the LupusQoL domain scores and age (r = −0.01 to −0.22) and disease duration (r = 0 to 0.16) were absent or weak. Similarly, there were no significant differences in the LupusQoL scores regarding sex, marital status, or the 3 main ethnic groups (Black-Caribbean, Asian, White). Although there were statistically significant correlations between the scores of the LupusQoL domains and some scores of the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group index (r = −0.22 to 0.09) and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (r = −0.29 to 0.21), these were weak.

Conclusion.

HRQOL was impaired in this cohort of outpatients with SLE as assessed by the validated lupus-specific LupusQoL. There were no clinically important associations between the 8 domains of the LupusQoL and clinical or demographic variables in this group of patients. Thus, the LupusQoL is a relatively independent outcome measure in patients with SLE.
Intraarticular Botulinum Toxin A for Refractory Painful Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: SINGH JASVINDER A. , MAHOWALD MAREN L. , NOORBALOOCHI SIAMAK
Published: September 2010

Objective.

To assess short-term efficacy of single intraarticular botulinum toxin (IA-BoNT/A) injection in patients with chronically painful total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind study.

Methods.

Patients with chronic TKA pain (pain > 6 on 0–10 scale and > 6 months post-TKA) evaluated in and referred from orthopedic surgery clinics were recruited. The primary outcome, proportion of patients with clinically meaningful decrease of at least 2 points on 0–10 visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, was compared between treatment groups at 2 months using comparison of proportions test and for all efficacy timepoints (2, 3, and 4 months) using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Secondary outcomes of global assessment, function, and quality of life were compared using GEE, duration of pain relief by t-test, and adverse events by chi-square test.

Results.

In total, 54 patients with 60 painful TKA were randomized, with main analyses restricted to one TKA per patient (49 TKA in 49 patients). Mean age was 67 years, 84% were men, and mean duration of TKA pain was 4.5 years. A significantly greater proportion of patients (71%) in the IA-BoNT/A group compared to IA-placebo (35%) achieved clinically meaningful reduction in VAS pain at 2 months (p = 0.028) and at all efficacy timepoints (p = 0.019). Duration of meaningful pain relief was significantly greater after IA-BoNT/A, 39.6 days (SD 50.4) compared to IA-placebo, 15.7 days (SD 22.6; p = 0.045). Statistically significantly better scores were seen in IA-BoNT/A vs IA-placebo for all efficacy timepoints for the following outcomes: “very much improved” on physician global assessment of change (p = 0.003); Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index physical function (p = 0.026), stiffness (p = 0.004), and total scores (p = 0.024); and Short-Form 36 pain subscale score (p = 0.049). Number of total and serious adverse events was similar between groups, with no patients in either group with new objective motor or sensory deficits during followup.

Conclusion.

In this single-center randomized trial, single IA-BoNT/A injection provided clinically meaningful short-term improvements in pain, global assessment, and function in patients with chronic painful TKA. A multicenter trial is needed to confirm these findings.
Langage et métaphysique chez Heidegger et chez Wittgenstein
Authors: Dastur Françoise
Published: September 2010

Résumé On se propose ici de tenter de rapprocher la critique wittgensteinienne des propositions métaphysiques du projet heideggérien de « destruction phénoménologique de l’histoire de l’ontologie ». Il s’agit donc d’abord de rappeler que dans le Tractatus Wittgenstein établit une différence « transcendantale » entre ce qui peut se dire (les propositions sensées) et ce qui ne fait que « se montrer » et qu’il faut plutôt taire (les propositions dépourvues de sens de la métaphysique). Mais chez Wittgenstein la mise en évidence de cette différence conduit au refus du métalangage, et à l’interdiction d’une interrogation sur sa propre démarche de philosophe, c’est-à-dire à ce que l’on pourrait nommer un « transcendantalisme paradoxal ». Chez Heidegger en revanche la mise en évidence de la différence ontologique, laquelle ne permet ni de faire de l’être un prédicat réel ni d’énoncer l’être sous la forme de propositions prédicatives conduit à interroger le fondement antéprédicatif du langage énonciatif (du logos apophantikos aristotélicien), qui n’est autre que la transcendance du Dasein. Il répond ainsi à la paradoxie du Tractatus en montrant qu’il n’y a d’ apophansis que sur la base d’une hermeneia plus originaire. Une mise en parallèle de l’« herméneutique de la facticité » heideggérienne et de l’analyse wittgensteinienne des jeux de langage en tant que formes de vie peut alors être tentée, dans la mesure où la dimension herméneutique du comprendre n’est pas entièrement absente chez le second Wittgenstein, en dépit de sa conception instrumentale du langage.
« La philosophie ne doit en aucune manière porter atteinte à l'usage effectif du langage »
Authors: Ehrsam Raphaël
Published: September 2010

Résumé Le rapport de la philosophie à l’usage doit-il s’en tenir à la description ? Que signifie l’exigence descriptive elle-même ? On éclaire ces questions depuis les modes d’approche de l’usage que la description promeut et interdit.
Propositions pour un cadre théorique unifié et une méthodologie d'analyse des trajectoires des projets dans les organisations
Authors: Oiry Ewan , Bidart Claire , Brochier Damien , Garnier Jacques , Gilson Adeline , Longo María Eugenia , Mendez Ariel , Mercier Delphine , Pascal Amandine , Perocheau Guillaume , Tchobanian Robert
Published: September 2010

Résumé Cet article propose un cadre théorique unifié et une méthodologie d’analyse des trajectoires des projets dans les organisations. La revue comparée des littératures en gestion, en sociologie et en économie structure ce cadre autour des concepts : ingrédients , moteurs , séquences et bifurcations . La « décomposition temporelle » (Langley, 1999) apparaît comme une des méthodologies qui préserve le mieux la richesse du cas et la transversalité de résultats. L’analyse de la trajectoire d’un projet industriel donne un exemple des résultats produits par ce cadre théorique et cette méthodologie.
Titrisation Synthétique et Finance Carbone : l'indispensable changement de trajectoire de la finance mondiale
Authors: Bonnefous Annabel-Mauve , Karyotis Catherine , Robert Isabelle
Published: September 2010

Résumé Face aux crises actuelles, seules des solutions basées sur les logiques de marché sont proposées au niveau international. Dans cet article, nous analysons la titrisation comme outil de propagation de la crise financière et l’émergence de la finance carbone comme instrument de régulation de la crise écologique. La nature de ces deux innovations financières et la manière dont elles sont aujourd’hui appréhendées par les gouvernements et les institutions révèlent que nous sommes en présence d’un apprentissage en simple boucle : nous n’observons aucune remise en cause de la trajectoire de pensée et d’action de la finance mondiale. Pourtant, celle-ci est indispensable aujourd’hui malgré les nombreux freins recensés dans cet article.
Gouvernance et trajectoire des pôles de compétitivité
Authors: Chabault Denis
Published: September 2010

Résumé Nous nous intéressons dans cet article aux trajectoires de développement des pôles de compétitivité. Mis en place par le gouvernement français en 2005, ces réseaux d’innovation présentent des caractéristiques structurelles et des trajectoires de développement hétérogènes. En analysant les évolutions du pôle Cosmetic Valley nous tentons de comprendre les bifurcations de trajectoires à partir d’une grille de lecture fondée sur la gouvernance. Nous montrons notamment que la trajectoire des pôles de compétitivité loin d’être prédéterminée, repose sur la recherche de compromis entre les intérêts des différentes parties prenantes. Les pôles sont alors susceptibles d’emprunter des trajectoires hybrides et la gouvernance doit porter une attention particulière à la temporalité du changement au risque d’entrainer le réseau vers une phase de lock-in.
La trajectoire organisationnelle et l'enracinement du savoir. L'étude de cas d'un cluster
Authors: Leszczyńska Dorota
Published: September 2010

Résumé Les recherches n’apportent pour l’instant pas d’éclairage concernant la performance de la trajectoire organisationnelle, qui est considérée comme l’atout compétitif le plus important pour les entreprises. L’objectif de cette publication est d’appréhender le lien entre l’enracinement du savoir, l’évolution longitudinale d’un cluster et la performance de sa trajectoire associée. Le savoir enraciné est susceptible d’influencer la performance de la trajectoire. Nous proposons un modèle conceptuel et une étude de cas réalisée auprès d’un cluster régional. Notre recherche souligne certaines conduites managériales permettant de soutenir des savoirs enracinés qui assureront durablement la performance de ce cluster.
L'anthropologie dans l'enseignement en management : la reconnaissance sociale
Authors: Bernoux Philippe
Published: September 2010

Résumé Le malaise social qui se manifeste aujourd’hui dans les entreprises révèle une crise de la pensée managériale, due à une connaissance plus que sommaire de l’homme au travail et à un usage mal maîtrisé des outils de gestion. On rappellera un des principes fondamentaux de l’anthropologie, à savoir que toute société est fondée sur la reconnaissance sociale des hommes entre eux. Ce principe permet de comprendre une des manifestations les plus violentes du malaise social, le phénomène du suicide. La mise en place des outils de gestion devra prendre en compte ce principe au lieu de s’appuyer sur des représentations sommaires de la nature humaine.
Former les futurs managers à des compétences qui n'existent pas : les jeux de simulation de gestion comme vecteur d'apprentissage
Authors: Barth Isabelle , Géniaux Isabelle
Published: September 2010

Résumé Les futurs managers sont actuellement formés en école de management et à l’Université et passent encore, pour la grande majorité, par des filières spécialisées en gestion et management. On constate que les enseignements prodigués restent essentiellement centrés sur les savoirs et les savoir-faire dans une exigence d’efficacité et un contexte d’allocation de ressource restreinte. Or, l’environnement actuel de l’activité managériale a profondément évolué ces dernières années et les compétences requises pour les maîtriser sont maintenant d’une autre nature. Un certain nombre d’études (Sharma, 2009) révèlent l’importance des soft skills pour accéder à un emploi, assumer un poste avec succès et pour l’évolution de carrière, alors que ces compétences sont peu développées dans les cursus de formation. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que les pédagogies classiques marquent maintenant leurs limites. Il est évident, que, dans l’enseignement supérieur, des efforts sont faits pour proposer des pédagogies innovantes, c’est ainsi que certains cursus mobilisent les jeux de simulation de gestion. Au-delà de l’objectif classique d’acquisition de connaissances diverses, ils permettent aux participants d’appréhender l’approche systémique, et par la mise en situation, de faire l’apprentissage de la prise de décision en groupe, en temps limité et en situation d’information imparfaite et de concurrence. Nous faisons donc l’hypothèse que le jeu de simulation contribue à la prise de conscience et à l’amélioration des soft skills des participants.
Emergence du travail collaboratif : Nouvelles Formes d'Organisation du Travail
Authors: Silva François , Ben Ali Anis
Published: September 2010

Résumé Nous vivons aujourd’hui l’émergence de la 3 ème révolution industrielle, qui va se concrétiser par un travail collaboratif, virtuel et à distance. Les réseaux mobiles, les RFID, les réseaux de capteurs et d’une façon générale, l’ensemble des Nouvelles Technologies de l’Information et de la communication (NTIC) vont transformer nos modes d’organisation du travail et les métiers eux-mêmes. Nous sommes en train de voir apparaitre dans les entreprises de nouvelles pratiques basées sur un certain nombre d’outils : Web.2.0, outils sociaux, outils collaboratifs… Ils permettent de développer de nouveaux usages relationnels et hiérarchiques. C’est ainsi qu’une nouvelle forme d’organisation du travail (NFOT) émerge se caractérisant par trois concepts : l’ubiquité, le collaboratif et la virtualité. Notre communication se structure autour de trois parties qui recouvrent les deux temps du développement des technologies : La dématérialisation de l’information qui correspond au développement des systèmes d’information et à la mise en réseau de tous les acteurs concernés par l’échange d’information ; La virtualisation du travail correspondant à une étape supplémentaire par l’intégration des notions de communication relationnelle ; La contribution de la fonction au développement de ce type du travail en gestation.
El aprendizaje: proceso dialógico entre cognición y acción en un contexto ideológico, político-social y material
Authors: Amezketa Ana
Published: September 2010

Résumé La problématique qui a sous-tendu cette recherche a été de comprendre les processus cognitifs que la personne mobilise dans la construction de la connaissance à partir des représentations que les apprenants et les formateurs se font de ce processus de construction. Les résultats ont été obtenus à partir des entretiens réalisés auprès de 24 étudiants en formation continue et de quatre formateurs ayant une grande expérience en qualité de pédagogues. Les informations obtenues à partir de ces entretiens et l’interprétation que nous proposons peuvent être un appui important pour des personnes qui travaillent dans le milieu de la formation et dans le développement des compétences. Pour comprendre les processus socio-cognitifs que le sujet peut activer dans la construction de la connaissance, nous avons essayé de nous rapprocher des représentations que les apprenants et formateurs se font de ce processus. Pour cela, nous partons de l’hypothèse que mieux comprendre comment nous apprenons, identifier les moteurs et freins socio-cognitifs du développement de la connaissance, ainsi que les éléments et dynamiques qui y contribuent, aideront l’apprenant à « apprendre à apprendre » et le formateur à « enseigner à apprendre » (ou « apprendre à enseigner »). Cependant, la volonté d’approfondir les problématiques d’« apprendre à apprendre » et d’« enseigner à apprendre » implique d’aller plus loin que les catégories cognitives du positivisme et nous rapproche de nouvelles formes socio-cognitives de la connaissance et de la relation à l’information, de nouvelles formes de raisonnement, de structuration des représentations… Cette nouvelle façon de « regarder » peut surgir par la prise de conscience de la relation étroite, pratiquement indissociable, qui émerge dans le processus d’apprentissage entre la cognition et l’action (c’est-à-dire entre les éléments propres à chaque individu et ceux propres au caractère social). Ces deux dimensions et leur relation (inter-action), interprétée sous le prisme de la théorie de la complexité, nous rapprochent de l’apprentissage compris comme un processus dialogique.
L'après-coup en psychanalyse et en psychothérapie d'enfant
Authors: Abella Adela
Published: September 2010

Résumé Dans un premier temps, l’auteure décrit quelques problèmes posés par l’application de la notion d’après-coup en psychanalyse et psychothérapie d’enfants. Ensuite, s’appuyant sur la description détaillée d’une psychothérapie d’enfant, elle pose deux questions : l’après-coup porte-il uniquement sur les représentations, sur l’aspect le plus évolué et symbolisé du monde interne qui est le verbal ? Ou bien, est-il possible de penser que la capacité transformatrice de l’après-coup s’étende également aux aspects plus profondément inscrits dans la personnalité, aux déformations défensives du moi de nature non verbale qui prennent corps, elles, plutôt au niveau des processus dans la cure ?
Les comportements électoraux des minorités ethniques à Bruxelles
Authors: Rea Andrea , Jacobs Dirk , Teney Céline , Delwit Pascal
Published: September 2010

Résumé Ces dernières années, les minorités ethniques d’origine immigrée sont devenues un groupe électoral non négligeable dans les villes belges. Cet article présente la première analyse des comportements électoraux des minorités ethniques en Belgique, en utilisant des données à la sortie des bureaux de vote lors des élections locales de trois communes de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale. Nous cherchons à savoir si les électeurs immigrés d’origine non européenne ont une préférence particulière liée à un parti qui ne peut être expliquée par d’autres variables sociodémographiques. Selon la théorie des structures des opportunités discursives, on pourrait s’attendre à une moindre importance du vote ethnique dans le contexte belge, dans lequel la mobilisation ethnique est découragée. Cependant, le vote de préférence pour les candidats belges d’origine étrangère apparaît comme relativement important à Bruxelles.
An Alternative Role of C1q in Cell Migration and Tissue Remodeling: Contribution to Trophoblast Invasion and Placental Development
Authors: Agostinis Chiara , Bulla Roberta , Tripodo Claudio , Gismondi Angela , Stabile Helena , Bossi Fleur , Guarnotta Carla , Garlanda Cecilia , De Seta Francesco , Spessotto Paola , Santoni Angela , Ghebrehiwet Berhane , Girardi Guillermina , Tedesco Francesco
Published: September 2010

Fetal trophoblast cells invading the decidua in the early phase of pregnancy establish complex interaction with the maternal extracellular matrix. We discovered that C1q was widely distributed in human decidual stroma in the absence of C4 and C3 and was actively synthesized by migrating extravillous trophoblasts. The cells expressed the messages for the three chains of C1q and secreted this complement component that interacted with the proteins of the decidual extracellular matrix. Solid phase-bound C1q promoted trophoblast adhesion and migration, and cell binding to C1q resulted in activation of ERK1/2 MAPKs. Ab inhibition experiments showed that the receptors for the globular head of C1q/p33 and α4β1 integrin were both involved in this process and were colocalized on the cell surface following binding of C1q to trophoblasts. We also found that C1q−/− mice manifested increased frequency of fetal resorption, reduced fetal weight, and smaller litter sizes compared with wild-type mice. C1q deficiency was associated with impaired labyrinth development and decidual vessel remodeling. Collectively, these data suggest that C1q plays an important role in promoting trophoblast invasion of decidua and that defective local production of C1q may be involved in pregnancy disorders, such as pre-eclampsia, characterized by poor trophoblast invasion.
Unpacking the Language Purpose: Vocabulary, Structure, and Function
Authors: FISHER DOUGLAS , FREY NANCY
Published: September 2010

Although learning objectives are a hallmark of lesson planning, it is rare for these to be shared with learners, even though best practices suggest doing so. This article examines the practice of establishing purpose for English language learners as a means for developing conceptual schemas. Participants in this study were 332 southern California K‐12 teachers who submitted 500 examples of the language purposes they used with students. The authors analyzed these surveys and identified the predominant language purpose forms as those that featured vocabulary, language structure, and language function demands. Implications and future lines of research are discussed.
Intercomparison of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in stratiform orographic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Muhlbauer A. , Hashino T. , Xue L. , Teller A. , Lohmann U. , Rasmussen R. M. , Geresdi I. , Pan Z.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. Anthropogenic aerosols serve as a source of both cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) and affect microphysical properties of clouds. Increasing aerosol number concentrations is hypothesized to retard the cloud droplet coalescence and the riming in mixed-phase clouds, thereby decreasing orographic precipitation. This study presents results from a model intercomparison of 2-D simulations of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in stratiform orographic mixed-phase clouds. The sensitivity of orographic precipitation to changes in the aerosol number concentrations is analysed and compared for various dynamical and thermodynamical situations. Furthermore, the sensitivities of microphysical processes such as coalescence, aggregation, riming and diffusional growth to changes in the aerosol number concentrations are evaluated and compared. The participating numerical models are the model from the Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling (COSMO) with bulk microphysics, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with bin microphysics and the University of Wisconsin modeling system (UWNMS) with a spectral ice habit prediction microphysics scheme. All models are operated on a cloud-resolving scale with 2 km horizontal grid spacing. The results of the model intercomparison suggest that the sensitivity of orographic precipitation to aerosol modifications varies greatly from case to case and from model to model. Neither a precipitation decrease nor a precipitation increase is found robustly in all simulations. Qualitative robust results can only be found for a subset of the simulations but even then quantitative agreement is scarce. Estimates of the aerosol effect on orographic precipitation are found to range from −19% to 0% depending on the simulated case and the model. Similarly, riming is shown to decrease in some cases and models whereas it increases in others, which implies that a decrease in riming with increasing aerosol load is not a robust result. Furthermore, it is found that neither a decrease in cloud droplet coalescence nor a decrease in riming necessarily implies a decrease in precipitation due to compensation effects by other microphysical pathways. The simulations suggest that mixed-phase conditions play an important role in buffering the effect of aerosol perturbations on cloud microphysics and reducing the overall susceptibility of clouds and precipitation to changes in the aerosol number concentrations. As a consequence the aerosol effect on precipitation is suggested to be less pronounced or even inverted in regions with high terrain (e.g., the Alps or Rocky Mountains) or in regions where mixed-phase microphysics is important for the climatology of orographic precipitation.
Detecting the influence of fossil fuel and bio-fuel black carbon aerosols on near surface temperature changes
Authors: Jones G. S. , Christidis N. , Stott P. A.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. Past research has shown that the dominant influence on recent global climate changes is from anthropogenic greenhouse gas increases with implications for future increases in global temperatures. One mitigation proposal is to reduce black carbon aerosol emissions. How much warming can be offset by the aerosol's control is unclear, especially as its influence on past climate has not been previously unambiguously detected. In this study observations of near-surface warming over the last century are compared with simulations using a climate model, HadGEM1. In the simulations black carbon, from fossil fuel and bio-fuel sources (fBC), produces a positive radiative forcing of about + 0.25 Wm−2 over the 20th century, compared with a little under + 2.5 Wm−2 for well mixed greenhouse gases. A simulated warming of global mean near-surface temperatures over the twentieth century from fBC of 0.14 ± 0.1 K compares with 1.06 ± 0.07 K from greenhouse gases, -0.58 ± 0.10 K from anthropogenic aerosols, ozone and land use changes and 0.09 ± 0.09 K from natural influences. Using a detection and attribution methodology, the observed warming since 1900 has detectable influences from anthropogenic and natural factors. Fossil fuel and bio-fuel black carbon is found to have a detectable contribution to the warming over the last 50 years of the 20th century, although the results are sensitive to a number of analysis choices, and fBC is not detected for the later fifty year period ending in 2006. The attributed warming of fBC was found to be consistent with the warming from the unscaled simulation. This study suggests that there is a possible significant influence from fBC on global temperatures, but its influence is small compared to that from greenhouse gas emissions.
Californian wildfire plumes over Southwestern British Columbia: lidar, sunphotometry, and mountaintop chemistry observations
Authors: McKendry I. , Strawbridge K. , Karumudi M. L. , O'Neill N. , Macdonald A. M. , Leaitch R. , Jaffe D. , Sharma S. , Sheridan P. , Ogren J.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. Forest fires in Northern California and Oregon were responsible for two significant regional scale aerosol transport events observed in southern British Columbia during summer 2008. A combination of ground based (CORALNet) and satellite (CALIPSO) lidar, sunphotometry and high altitude chemistry observations permitted unprecedented characterization of forest fire plume height and mixing as well as description of optical properties and physicochemistry of the aerosol. In southwestern BC, lidar observations show the smoke to be mixed through a layer extending to 5–6 km a.g.l. where the aerosol was confined by an elevated inversion in both cases. Depolarization ratios for a trans-Pacific dust event (providing a basis for comparison) and the two smoke events were consistent with observations of dust and smoke events elsewhere and permit discrimination of aerosol events in the region. Based on sunphotometry, the Aerosol Optical Thicknesses (AOT) reached maxima of ~0.7 and ~0.4 for the two events respectively. Dubovik-retrieval values of reff,f during both the June/July and August events varied between about 0.13 and 0.15 μm and confirm the dominance of accumulation mode size particles in the forest fire plumes. Both Whistler Peak and Mount Bachelor Observatory data show that smoke events are accompanied by elevated CO and O3 concentrations as well as elevated K+/SO4 ratios. In addition to documenting the meteorology and physico-chemical characteristics of two regional scale biomass burning plumes, this study demonstrates the positive analytical synergies arising from the suite of measurements now in place in the Pacific Northwest, and complemented by satellite borne instruments.
The morphodynamic responses of artificial embayed beaches to storm events
Authors: Ojeda E. , Guillén J. , Ribas F.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. The morphological changes caused by storm events in two Barcelona beaches were recorded using video monitoring techniques during the period 2001–2006. Changes in shoreline position and configuration and submerged bar position and shape were analyzed during the 25 major storm events that occurred during the study period. Beach responses to storms were grouped into three categories: shoreline advance or retreat (including rotation), sandbar migration and/or configuration change (linear or crescentic shape) and formation of megacusps. This work provides examples of the differential adaptation of both beaches to the same storm and of some unexpected morphological responses of both beaches. The response of the beach to storm events is not straightforward because wave conditions are not the only relevant parameter to be considered. In particular, in such embayed beaches it is crucial to take into account their specific morphodynamic configuration prior to the storm.
Tracing carbon assimilation in endosymbiotic deep-sea hydrothermal vent Mytilid fatty acids by 13C-fingerprinting
Authors: Riou V. , Bouillon S. , Serrão Santos R. , Dehairs F. , Colaço A.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. Bathymodiolus azoricus mussels thrive at Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents, where part of their energy requirements are met via an endosymbiotic association with chemolithotrophic and methanotrophic bacteria. In an effort to describe phenotypic characteristics of the two bacterial endosymbionts and to assess their ability to assimilate CO2, CH4 and multi-carbon compounds, we performed experiments in aquaria using 13C-labeled NaHCO3 (in the presence of H2S), CH4 or amino-acids and traced the incorporation of 13C into total and phospholipid fatty acids (tFA and PLFA, respectively). 14:0; 15:0; 16:0; 16:1(n − 7)c+t; 18:1(n − 13)c+t and (n − 7)c+t; 20:1(n − 7); 20:2(n − 9,15); 18:3(n − 7) and (n − 5,10,13) PLFA were labeled in the presence of H13CO3− (+H2S) and 13CH4, while the 12:0 compound became labeled only in the presence of H13CO3− (+H2S). In contrast, the 17:0; 18:0; 16:1(n − 9); 16:1(n − 8) and (n − 6); 18:1(n − 8); and 18:2(n − 7) PLFA were only labeled in the presence of 13CH4. Some of these symbiont-specific fatty acids also appeared to be labeled in mussel gill tFA when incubated with 13C-enriched amino acids, and so were mussel-specific fatty acids such as 22:2(n − 7,15). Our results provide experimental evidence for the potential of specific fatty acid markers to distinguish between the two endosymbiotic bacteria, shedding new light on C1 and multi-carbon compound metabolic pathways in B. azoricus and its symbionts.
Application of quantitative composite fingerprinting technique to identify the main sediment sources in two small catchments of Iran
Authors: Kouhpeima A. , Feiznia S. , Ahmadi H. , Hashemi S. A. , Zareiee A. R.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. The targeting of sediment management strategies is a key requirement in developing countries including Iran because of the limited resources available. These targeting is, however hampered by the lack of reliable information on catchment sediment sources. This paper reports the results of using a quantitative composite fingerprinting technique to estimate the relative importance of the primary potential sources within the Amrovan and Royan catchments in Semnan Province, Iran. Fifteen tracers were first selected for tracing and samples were analyzed in the laboratory for these parameters. Statistical methods were applied to the data including nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Differentiation Function Analysis (DFA). For Amrovan catchment three parameters (N, Cr and Co) were found to be not significant in making the discrimination. The optimum fingerprint, comprising Oc, PH, Kaolinite and K was able to distinguish correctly 100% of the source material samples. For the Royan catchment, all of the 15 properties were able to distinguish between the six source types and the optimum fingerprint provided by stepwise DFA (Cholorite, XFD, N and C) correctly classifies 92.9% of the source material samples. The mean contributions from each sediment source obtained by multivariate mixing model varied at two catchments. For Amrovan catchment Upper Red formation is the main sediment sources as this sediment source approximately supplies 36% of the reservoir sediment whereas the dominant sediment source for the Royan catchment is from Karaj formation that supplies 33% of the reservoir sediments. Results indicate that the source fingerprinting approach appears to work well in the study catchments and to generate reliable results.
Local scaling characteristics of Antarctic surface layer turbulence
Authors: Basu S. , Ruiz-Columbié A. , Phillipson J. A. , Harshan S.
Published: September 2010

Abstract. Over the past years, several studies have validated Nieuwstadt's local scaling hypothesis by utilizing turbulence observations from the mid-latitude, nocturnal stable boundary layers. In this work, we probe into the local scaling characteristics of polar, long-lived stable boundary layers by analyzing turbulence data from the South Pole region of the antarctic plateau.
Cell‐Based Hepatitis C Virus Infection Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Assay for Antiviral Compound Screening
Authors: Yu Xuemei , Uprichard Susan L.
Published: September 2010

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects an estimated 3% of the population and is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Since HCV therapeutic and preventative options are limited, the development of new HCV antivirals has become a global health care concern. This has spurred the development of cell‐based infectious HCV high‐throughput screening assays to test the ability of compounds to inhibit HCV infection. This unit describes methods that may be used to assess the in vitro efficacy of HCV antivirals using a cell‐based high‐throughput fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) HCV infection screening assay, which allows for the identification of inhibitors that target HCV at any step in the viral life cycle. Basic protocols are provided for compound screening during HCV infection and analysis of compound efficacy using an HCV FRET assay. Support protocols are provided for propagation of infectious HCV and measurement of viral infectivity. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 18:17.5.1‐17.5.27. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Whole embryo culture: a “New” technique that enabled decades of mechanistic discoveries
Authors: Ellis‐Hutchings Robert G. , Carney Edward W.
Published: September 2010

Denis New's development of the rodent whole embryo culture (WEC) method in the early 1960s was a groundbreaking achievement that gave embryologists and teratologists an unprecedented degree of access to the developing postimplantation rodent embryo. In the five decades since its development, WEC has enabled detailed investigations into the regulation of normal embryo development as well as a plethora of research on mechanisms of teratogenesis as induced by a wide range of agents. In addition, WEC is one of the few techniques that has been validated for use in teratogenicity screening of drugs and chemicals. In this review, we retrace the steps leading to New's development of WEC, and highlight many examples in which WEC played a crucial role leading to important discoveries in teratological research. The impact of WEC on the field of teratology has been enormous, and it is anticipated that WEC will remain a preferred tool for teratologists and embryologists seeking to interrogate embryo development for many years to come.Birth Defects Res (Part B)89:304–312, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New Strategies for e‐Beam Characterization of Catalysts
Authors: Howie A.
Published: September 2010

Building on the success of aberration correction and the construction of in situ reaction chambers, electron microscopy is poised to make fresh advances in catalyst characterization. More profitable use should be made of photons both as input drivers and as output signals. Secondary electron imaging can provide extra information about the support structure. When collected in coincidence with primary beam energy losses, the secondary electron signal may even open the way to surface barrier height measurement at surface facets on individual nanoparticles.
Application of EEM fluorescence in combination with PARAFAC analysis to simultaneously monitor quercetin in its deprotonated, aggregated, and protein bound states
Authors: Simpson John V. , Burke Marissa , Jiji Renee D.
Published: September 2010

Flavonoids, a group of naturally occurring polyphenols, attract great interest due to their many apparent health benefits including their anti‐oxidant properties and anti‐amyloidogenic properties. However, the behavior of flavonoids in aqueous environments can be unpredictable due to the potential formation of aggregates and hydrolysis products. A better understanding of the complex behavior of flavonoids is needed before flavonoid‐based therapies can be developed. Employing excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence in combination with weighted‐parallel factor analysis (WPARAFAC), a series of aqueous quercetin solutions were characterized at varying pH values and concentrations. Distinct pH and concentration‐dependent fluorophores were observed with emission maxima of 540 and 600 nm, respectively. However, the excitation maxima of the two species were broad and highly overlapped ranging from 350 to 400 nm. In addition, the fluorescence of quercetin was characterized in the presence and absence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Interaction with BSA resulted in a dramatic red‐shift of the excitation maximum to 445 nm, while the emission maximum of the BSA–quercetin complex was slightly blue‐shifted to 535 nm. Coupling of WPARAFAC and EEM fluorescence enabled simultaneous detection of multiple fluorescent quercetin species in solution at a wide range of conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Oligodeoxynucleotide Synthesis. H‐Phosphonate Approach
Authors: FROEHLER B. C.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Valiolamine and Its N‐Substituted Derivatives. α‐D‐Glucosidase Inhibitors. From Validamycins to Voglibose (AO‐128), and Antidiabetic Agents
Authors: HORII S.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of a Sodium‐Substituted Palladium Hydride, NaPd3H2.
Authors: KADIR K. , NOREUS D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Concepts of Sterically Hindered Resonance and Buttressing Effect: Gas‐ Phase Acidities of Methyl‐Substituted Benzoic Acids (I)‐(IV) and Basicities of Their Methyl Esters
Authors: DECOUZON M. , ERTL P. , EXNER O. , GAL J.‐F. , MARIA P.‐C.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Diels‐Alder Reaction of α‐Bromo α,β‐ Enals with Dienes Under Catalysis by CAB.
Authors: ISHIHARA K. , GAO Q. , YAMAMOTO H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Polymerization of Monomeric α‐Substituted Fluorinated Acrylates. Part 3. Synthesis and Polymerization of Ethyl . alpha.‐(Heptadecafluoroundecanoyl)acrylate
Authors: BESSIERE J. M. , BOUTEVIN B. , EL BACHIRI A. , EL HARFI A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part 5. Syntheses of s‐Triazolo(3,4‐ b)(1,3,4)benzothiadiazines, s‐Triazolo(3,4‐b)(1,3,4)thiadiazines, s‐ Triazolo(3,4‐b)(1,3,4)thiadiazino(5,6‐b)quinoxaline, Imidazo(2,1‐b) benzothiazole and Benzimidazo(2,1‐b)benzothiazole as Potential Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: CHADHA V. K. , JOSHI S. , BHARGAVA A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Radical Additions to Aldehydes and Oxime Ethers: The Tandem Enediyne‐Radical Cyclization.
Authors: GRISSOM J. W. , KLINGBERG D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetramethylene.
Authors: DOUBLEDAY C. JUN.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thallium(III) Acetate Oxidation of Some Substituted 4‐Piperidones: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Study.
Authors: MEENAL KR. , LALITHA S.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of α‐Halo‐F‐2‐ketones and F‐2‐Ketones via Fluorination of α,α‐Dihalo‐F‐2‐ketones.
Authors: BURTON D. J. , JEONG I. H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur Ylides. Part 5. Reactions of Phthalimido‐Containing Keto‐ Stabilized Sulfonium Ylides.
Authors: LAKEEV S. N. , GALIN F. Z. , KHALILOV L. M. , TOLSTIKOV G. A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of Bis(1‐propenyl) Sulfone (III) and Bis(1‐ propenyl) Sulfoxide (II).
Authors: AMOSOVA S. A. , MUSORIN G. K. , VITKOVSKII V. YU.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Amides and Formamidines with Antinociceptive Activity. Part 2.
Authors: PAU A. , BOATTO G. , CERRI R. , PALOMBA M. , NICOLAI M. , SPARATORE F. , VARONI M. V.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Acrylic Acid with Fluoroalkanoyl Peroxides ‐ The Formation of Acrylic Acid Oligomers Containing Two Fluoroalkylated End‐ Groups.
Authors: SAWADA H. , MINOSHIMA Y. , NAKAJIMA H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lactones. Part 24. “γ‐Lactonized” Neuroleptics. Synthesis, Stereochemistry, and Affinity at the D2 Receptor.
Authors: LEHMANN J. , SCHULZE G. , RADWANSKY A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Macrocycles from Metal‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclizations of a,c‐ Biladiene Salts.
Authors: LIDDELL P. A. , GERZEVSKE K. R. , LIN J. J. , OLMSTEAD M. M. , SMITH K. M.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Nitroimidazole Derivatives as Possible Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: DEMIRAYAK S. , KIRAZ N.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New 2,4,4‐Trisubstituted 3‐Oxo‐1,2,5‐thiadiazolidine 1,1‐Dioxides.
Authors: HANEWACKER G.‐A. , MESTER Z. , UNTERHALT B.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Functionalized Ynamines in a Hetero‐Diels‐Alder Approach to Dihydronaphtho(1,2‐b)pyrans and Indeno(1,2‐b)pyrans.
Authors: BLOXHAM J. , DELL C. P.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.