bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Current Review of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment Using
Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Shinde Rohan G. , Patel Vipul P. , Gundgole Shwetarani D. , Dhumale Suchita S. , Dhole Snehal D.
Published: March 2022

Lupus is a heterogeneous and inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the immune
system of the body. This disease affects multiple tissues and organs. The most frequent kind of lupus
is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is an autoimmune illness in which the immune system
targets the body's tissues, resulting in extensive inflammation and tissue destruction in the organs
involved. Joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood vessels can all be affected. It appears to
be a form of B-cell disease in which autoantibodies attack the cells. Systemic lupus erythematosus
autoimmune diseases involve different treatment methods. These abnormalities are due to the presence
of autoantibodies, and these contribute to the degeneration of the body’s immune system. In
this review, we will focus on various therapies, including SLE treatments, such as B-cell therapy,
cytokine therapy, interferon targets, and anticomplementary therapies, all of which have become
challenging. We will also discuss post-marketing use and ongoing clinical trials, as well as safety
and effective doses.
Concern of adolescents in conflict with the Law about their oral health
Authors: Goulart Conrado Richel , Grafitti Colussi Paulo Roberto , Rösing Cassiano Kuchenbecker , Hecktheuer Silva Francisco , Muniz Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes
Published: March 2022

Objective: To assess the self-perception of adolescents in conflict with the law about their concern with oral health, in addition to tracing their relationship with other related variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving male institutionalized adolescents in a city in southern Brazil who underwent clinical examination and interviews to understand their concern for their oral health and the relationship between this outcome and associated factors. Concern about oral health was obtained through a validated questionnaire. Two fitted models were performed using Poisson regression (α < 0.05). One of them used the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMF-D), and another considered the components of this index as exploratory variables. Results: Sixty-eight adolescents were included, and a high occurrence (75%) of concern about their oral health was observed. In the final multivariate analysis that included DMFT, this index (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.033; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.004 – 1.063) and concern about tooth color (PR: 2.208; 95%CI: 1.028 – 4.740) were significantly associated with oral health concerns. When the various index components were included in the multivariate model, only the number of decayed teeth (PR: 1.073; 95%CI: 1.007 – 1.144) and concerns about tooth color (PR: 2.250; 95%CI: 1.057 – 4.793) were associated with the outcome. Conclusion: Institutionalized adolescents are highly concerned about their oral health, being associated with a DMF index, especially the decayed component, and a concern with the color of their teeth.
The Effect of Stretch Goals on Destructive Leadership and Counterproductive Work Behavior in Indonesian State-Owned-Enterprises
Authors: Wulandaru Diah Retno , Ciptono Wakhid Slamet , Susanto Ely
Published: March 2022

Introduction/Main Objectives: This study aims to examine the effect of stretch goals on destructive leadership with burnout as the mediating variable­­­ and then the effect of destructive leadership on counterproductive work behavior of employees with psychological capital as a moderating variable.  Background Problems: The phenomenon of irregularities that occur in SOE in Indonesia is interesting to study. Deviations committed by SOE leaders in Indonesia include fraud, gratification, and data manipulation. The increase in the number of irregularities has a negative effect on organizational performance because it causes several counterproductive work behaviors in employees.  Novelty: Empirical research on destructive leadership is still rare because previous research has focused only on the conceptual side. Research Methods: The design of this study used a survey with a questionnaire completed by 724 respondents who were leaders and employees. The hypothesis testing used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).  Finding/Results: The findings of this study show a positive influence of stretch goals on burnout and a positive influence of stretch goals on destructive leadership, but burnout has no mediating role in the effect of stretch goals on destructive leadership. There is no effect of perceived destructive leadership on employees’ counterproductive work behavior, but psychological capital has a moderating role in the effect of perceived destructive leadership on employees’ counterproductive work behavior. Conclusion: The practical implication of this study is that a stretch goal that is not balanced with resources can cause individuals to behave destructively even though they are at a managerial level.
Moral Qualities in the Teachings of Al-Ghazali
Authors: Fayzulloeva M. Sh.
Published: March 2022

This article presents the ethical ideas of Al-Ghazali. The work deals with the nature and peculiarities of human morality. This work is intended for a wide range of readers.
Reflection of the Problems of Interethnic Relations in the Russian Media
Authors: Ledeneva V. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The article is an attempt to comprehend the current publications of the Russian media space in the context of various aspects of national and ethnic identity, harmonization of interethnic relations. The authors consider the images of external labor migrants constructed by the media (hereinafter referred to as the media), and the negative attitudes that have developed in society towards them.

Aim. The aim of the article is to show the problems of objectivity in the presentation of information about interethnic relations in the Russian media, to determine how publications in the media form the level of tolerance in society, and also to identify the role of the media space in countering the spread of xenophobia, nationalism and neo-fascism.

Tasks. To achieve this goal, the article solves several key tasks: the concept of “interethnic relations” is analyzed, the factors determining their state and conflict potential are identified, the mechanism of discursive construction of interethnic relations is revealed, differences in approaches to covering interethnic conflicts in various Russian print and electronic publications are shown.

Methods. The methodological basis of the work was the scientific methods of comparative system analysis, aimed at a comprehensive study of the media as a mechanism for regulating interethnic relations. The main method was content analysis of texts of print and electronic federal and regional media, articles, messages, Internet editions, bloggers’ comments, messages on social networks and text messages from various sources reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Intent analysis of publications made it possible to determine a set of lexemes, the purpose of which is to create a negative image of the subject of the story.

Results. Based on the results of the content analysis, the main substantive and evaluative characteristics of interethnic relations in society, the contradictions in the formation of the image of external migrants present in the modern media space and a description of possible interaction strategies that Russian society is ready for at present were identified. The mechanism of discursive construction in the form of texts that provoke emotional perception of external migration over texts that contribute to its rational comprehension has been determined.

Conclusions. The analysis showed the weak role of the media in reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Functionally, the activities of the media are aimed at ensuring interethnic harmony and regulating interethnic relations, however, to a greater extent, negative rhetoric towards foreign migrants prevails in the Russian media, which increases the level of migrant phobia among the population.
Germany’s Approaches to the Settlement of Contemporary International Conflicts in the post-Soviet Space
Authors: Shevchuk N. V. , Sachik A. A.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the mediation activity of Germany in the context of the common European approaches to the peaceful settlement of international conflicts.

Aim. To identify the importance of German mediation for foreign policy and its impact on the promotion of peace initiatives in the Eurasian space. Compare the current mediation tactics used by Germany today.

Tasks. To analyze the foreign policy instruments of the State in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, including the post-Soviet space.

Methods. The paper uses logical and comparative analysis, a method of working with regulatory legal acts.

Results. Mediation serves as an important foreign policy tool of the state in question to promote the peaceful settlement of conflicts in regions of political importance to it, such as the post-Soviet space.

Conclusion. The authors show the main approaches of the German Federal Government to crisis prevention, which are based on a broad concept of security. The article provides a categorization of the main instruments of Germany’s participation in mediation processes, namely: participation in formal formats of conflict resolution; participation in informal formats of conflict resolution; confidencebuilding measures. Analyzing the experience of Germany’s participation in peace processes in the postSoviet space, the authors come to the conclusion that the state tries to remain in the shadows, playing the role of a mediator in conflicts, while coordinating its actions with other active actors involved in the region.
ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE ATLETAS TRANSGÊNERO NO ESPORTE
Authors: Barbosa Pereira Erik Giuseppe , Marques Garcia Rafael , Frazão Silva Pedrosa Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Objetivamos analisar a produção científica relacionada à participação de atletas transgênero em competições esportivas a partir da data de publicação do consenso de 2015 do COI sobre redesignação de sexo e hiperandrogenismo. Para tanto, valemo-nos da técnica de análise bibliométrica para coletar nossos dados nas bases científicas SciELO, PubMed, BVS, Web of Science and Scopus. Encontramos 10 trabalhos escritos por 27 autores/as filiados a 17 instituições de 5 países diferentes, concentrados na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, com destaque relevante para intervenções qualitativas que problematizam socialmente a transgeneridade no esporte.
Pengaruh Penerapan Instrumen Penilaian Unjuk Kerja Pada Materi Organisasi Kehidupan Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP
Authors: Tiara Tiara aprilini , Hamidah Afreni , Risnita Risnita
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The application of performance instruments in practical activities has an important role in improving learning outcomes. This is to encourage students to be active in learning activities, especially practicum and anticipate in every practicum activity carried out by teachers at school. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of performance instruments on students' cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes. This study uses a Quasi Experimental Design by using a pretest-posttest design. The population in this study was class VII SMP Negeri 7 Jambi City and the sampling was carried out by purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study were tests for cognitive aspects and demonstration instruments for psychomotor aspects. Data analysis used One Sample T Test and Paired Sample t-test. The results of the research on the cognitive aspect showed that the average score of the Pretest score for the experimental class was 37.09 and the average score for the Posttest was 84.67. In the experimental class the psychomotor aspect of practicum activities obtained a value of 0.002 <0.05, which means Normal or it can be said that the average value of the psychomotor abilities of students is better after the implementation of performance instruments.
Keywords: Performance Instruments, Learning Outcomes
 
Abstrak. Penerapan instrumen unjuk kerja dalam kegiatan praktikum memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar. Hal ini untuk mendorong peserta didik untuk aktif dalam kegiatan belajar khususnya praktikum dan termotivasi dalam setiap kegiatan praktikum yang dilaksanakan oleh guru disekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh instrumen unjuk kerja terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan psikomotorik siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan menngunakan desain pretest-postest. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah kelas VII SMP Negeri 7 Kota Jambi dan pengambilan sampel dilaksanakan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah dengan metode tes untuk aspek kognitif dan Instrumen unjuk kerja pada aspek psikomotor. Analisis data menggunakan Uji One Sample T Test dan Paired Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian pada aspek kognitif menunjukkan hasil skor rata-rata nilai Pretest kelas  eksperimen yaitu 37,09 dan rata-rata nilai Posttest yaitu 84,67. Pada kelas Eksperimen aspek psikomotor kegiatan praktikum memperoleh nilai 0,002 <0,05 yang artinya Normal atau dapat dikatakan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan psikomotorik peserta didik lebih baik setelah dilakukan penerapan instrumen unjuk kerja.
Kata kunci: Instrumen unjuk kerja, Hasil belajar
Toxicological diagnosis in the critical patient: The challenge
Authors: Ávila Reyes Diana , García Pasichana Bayron David , Galvis Mejía Juan Camilo , Gómez González José Fernando , Villadiego Molinares Marisol Margarita , Aguirre Flórez Mateo , González Cuéllar Yessica Alejandra
Published: March 2022

Introduction: A high percentage of patients who survived poisoning will be transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to continue their management in relation to the severity of the poisoning, and possible complications that arise in this scenario. The clinical results will depend on several factors, such as the ingested dose, the characteristics of the substance, the time of medical attention, and the pre-existing state of health of the patient.

Objective: To review the clinical behavior of poisonings in the critically ill patient.

Recent findings: The data bases that yielded relevant bibliographical results were Web of Sciences, Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and bibliographic references published between 2012 and 2020 were chosen.

Conclusions: The clinical behavior of poisonings in the critically ill patient is atypical. The intensivist must have an in-depth knowledge of the behavior and pathophysiology of the toxins since making a medical diagnosis on the stage of the critically ill patient is challenging. The integration of all possible medical tools is required to achieve this in the absence of clinical history, and the implementation of early management strategies is necessary to reach physiological restoration by using a continuous evaluation approach. The severity of poisoning in the critically ill patient demands interdisciplinary management that includes assessment by Clinical Toxicology.
Dirofilaria immitis en caninos del medio Sinú: un posible riesgo para la salud pública
Authors: Betancur Hurtado César Augusto , Calderón Rangel Alfonso , Jaramillo Mejía Gloria Patricia
Published: March 2022

Introducción: Dirofilaria immitis es un parásito de  distribución mundial,  en caninos produce la dirofilariosis cardiopulmonar progresiva, afección localizada en las arterias pulmonares y el ventrículo derecho,  que induce a daño endotelial y neumonitis. El parásito es  trasmitido por la picadura de mosquitos a caninos y a otras especies, inclusive a humanos que habitan zonas endémicas, constituyéndose en una zoonosis. En Colombia D. immitis ha sido reportada en diferentes regiones de Colombia.
Objetivo: Determinar anticuerpos contra D. immitis en caninos de Cereté, Ciénaga de Oro y San Carlos, municipios del Medio Sinú (Córdoba).
Materiales y métodos: Mediante un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal y un muestreo estratificado, se tomaron 105 muestras de sangre en caninos de las áreas urbanas de estos municipios; la determinación de antígenos de D. immitis, se realizó mediante un inmunoensayo enzimático. Se usó estadística descriptiva y se empleó Chi-cuadrado para determinar si hubo diferencias significativas con respecto a la seropositividad y las variables evaluadas (edad, raza y procedencia).
Resultados: La seroprevalencia fue del 5.7% y los anticuerpos se detectaron en todos los municipios evaluados. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas entre seropositividad por municipio, edad, raza, sexo.
Conclusiones: El hábitat de los humanos en los municipios del medio Sinú, junto con la detección de anticuerpos circulantes en caninos de D. immitis, las condiciones agroecológicas de esta región, la presencia de mosquitos y hospederos,  puede hacer que los humanos sean expuestos a la transmisión de patógenos y ser un riesgo para la salud pública; por lo cual se hace necesario implementar medidas de prevención y control de vectores.
Procesos de mecanizado convencionales teoría y práctica
Authors: Montilla Montaña Carlos Alberto , Calle Trujillo Gabriel , Moreno Ortíz Iván Yesid
Published: March 2022

El presente libro pretende introducir a estudiantes de Ingeniería y Tecnología en la teoría y práctica básica de los procesos de mecanizado convencionales. Se hace énfasis en la comprensión de los fenómenos físicos, se describen máquinas, utillajes y herramientas reales, se hace hincapié en analizar las situaciones antes de proceder a desarrollar los ejemplos de cálculo; el tratamiento anterior pretende impulsar conductas de pensamiento necesarias en la formación de un futuro profesional. Se da una visión sistémica al manejo de la información, incorporando a los temas de maquinado de materiales, conceptos de Mecánica de materiales, la Termodinámica y la Teoría básica de costos, entre otras áreas. Las explicaciones teóricas se han complementado con informaciones comerciales e industriales, tales como catálogos, datos de máquinas, utillajes y herramientas reales, con el objetivo de que el estudiante adquiera un conocimiento y habilidad mínima en el manejo de dichas informaciones. Se documentan procesos experimentales (basados en las experiencias y estudios de los autores), con el fin de propender a incrementar el interés de los educandos en los procesos investigativos, tanto de propósito académico, como en los que pudieran requerir en su futura vida laboral en empresas del sector metalmecánico.
MOVING-WATER EQUILIBRIA PRESERVING NONSTAGGERED CENTRAL SCHEME FOR OPEN CHANNEL FLOWS
Authors: Li Zhen , dong jian , Luo YiMing , Liu Min , Li Ding Fang
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate a well-balanced and positive-preserving
non-staggered central scheme, which has second-order accuracy on both
time and spatial scales, for open channel flows with variable channel
width and non-flat bottom. We perform piecewise linear reconstructions
of the conserved variables and energy as well as discretize the source
term using the property that the energy remains constant, so that the
complex source term and the flux can be precisely balanced so as to
maintain the steady state. The scheme also ensures that the
cross-sectional wet area is positive by introducing a draining time-step
technique. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the scheme is capable
of accurately maintaining both the still steady-state solutions and the
moving steady-state solutions, simultaneously. Moreover, the scheme has
the ability to accurately capture small perturbations in the moving
steady-state solution and avoid generating spurious oscillations. It is
also capable of showing that the scheme is positive-preserving and
robust in solving the dam-break problem.
Metabolomics investigation of molecular responses of whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) to hypoxia
Authors: Nguyen Thao Van , Alfaro Andrea , Leon Jenny , Arroyo Bonny , Sonnenholzner Stanislaus
Published: March 2022

Hypoxia is a common concern in shrimp aquaculture, affecting growth and
survival. Although recent studies have revealed important insights into
hypoxia in shrimp and crustaceans, knowledge gaps remain regarding this
stressor at the molecular level. In the present study, a gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)-based metabolomics approach
was employed to characterize the metabolic pathways underlying responses
of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) to hypoxia and to identify candidate
biomarkers. We compared metabolite profiles of shrimp haemolymph before
(0 h) and after exposure to hypoxia (1 & 2 h). Dissolved oxygen levels
were maintained above 85% saturation in the control and before hypoxia,
and 15% saturation in the hypoxic stress treatment. Results showed 44
metabolites in shrimp haemolymph that were significantly different
between before and after hypoxia exposure. These metabolites were
energy-related metabolites (e.g., TCA cycle intermediates, lactic acids,
alanine), fatty acids and amino acids. Pathway analysis revealed 17
pathways that were significantly affected by hypoxia. The changes in
metabolites and pathways indicate a shift from aerobic to anaerobic
metabolism, disturbance in amino acid metabolism, osmoregulation,
oxidative damage and Warburg effect-like response caused by hypoxic
stress. Among the altered metabolites, lactic acid was most different
between before and after hypoxia exposure. Biomarker analysis also
indicated lactic acid as biomarker for hypoxia and model prediction.
Future investigations may validate this molecule as a stress biomarker
in aquaculture. This study contributes to better understanding of
hypoxia in shrimp and crustaceans at the metabolic level and provides a
base for future metabolomics investigations on hypoxia.
A novel process using immobilized recombinant Escherichia coli cells with D-hydantoinase and D-N-carbamoylase activities as biocatalyst for the production of D-Valine
Authors: Niu Lixi , Xie Lulu
Published: March 2022

A whole cell biocatalyst for the production of D-Valine from
5’-isopropyl hydantoin by co-expression of the D-hydantoinase (hyd) gene
from Pseudomonas putia YZ-26 and D-N-carbamoylase (cab) gene from
Sinorhizobium sp. SS-ori in Escherichia coli BL 21 (DE3) was developed.
The expression conditions of D-hydantoinase (HYD) and D-N-carbmoylase
(CAB) for recombinant cells were optimized. The cells showed the highest
HYD and CAB activities (4.650 and 0.75 U/ml-borth, respectively) after
20-h fermentation. The cells of engineered strain HC01 were immobilized
in the form of Ca2+-alginate beads, and the conditions for
immobilization were investigated. The optimal gel concentration and cell
concentration were found to be 2.5% and 0.029 g/mL in the presence of
3% CaCl2. The thermo-stability of immobilized cells was 5 ℃ higher than
that of free cells in the same condition. Divalent metal ions, such as
Mn2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ did not affect significantly the
enzymatic activity of HYD and CAB in immobilized cells. Conversion of
about 91.4% was reached after 42-h reaction when the substrate
concentration was 50 mmol/L with the initial pH of 9.0 under the
protection of nitrogen. With the optimized amino acid purification
process, the overall yield of D-Valine was 72.2% with the optical
purity of 96.7%.
Comprehensive Report of Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders from a Tertiary Care Center in Marrakesh.
Authors: Alaoui Zahid Talibi , Rada Noureddine , Admou Brahim , Fakiri Karima El , Drais Ghizlane , Bourrous Mounir , Bouskraoui Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Introduction Recent advances in immunologic techniques have lead to
increase recognition of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID).
Objective We sought to analyze and describe the spectrum of PID at a
tertiary care center in Morocco. Methods A retrospective study from 2011
to 2017 was conducted on 27 children diagnosed with PID. Result Over the
study period, combined immunodeficiencies with associated or syndromic
features were the most common category (48.15%) followed by
immunodeficiencies affecting cellular and humoral immunity (25.9%),
congenital defects of phagocyte number or function (14.81%),
predominantly anti-body deficiencies (7.4%), and diseases of immune
dysregulation (3.7%). The most frequent disorder was
Ataxia-telangiectasia (44.4%). The mean age at diagnosis was 4.62
years. The consanguinity rate was 74.1%. The principal clinical signs
were lower respiratory tract infections (59.2%), neurological
manifes-tations (44.4%), failure to thrive (51.8%) and skin infections
(33.3%). Two patients who have immunodeficiencies affecting cellular
and humoral immunity died. Conclusion This study indicates that PIDs are
not rare in Morocco and that combined immunodeficiencies with associated
or syndromic features are the most common category. Future research
should focus on identifying gene defect for PID patients.
Interplay of lung cytoskeletal re-modeling, energy metabolism and inflammation during extended exposures to lowered pO2
Authors: PAUL SUBHOJIT , GANGWAR ANAMIKA , ARYA ADITYA , Bhargava kalpana , Ahmad Yasmin
Published: March 2022

Extended exposure to low pO2 has multiple effects on signaling cascades.
Despite multiple exploratory studies, specific studies elucidating the
response of lung and plasma proteome in context of surviving low pO2
exposures are lacking. In this study, we simulated low pO2(PB=40 kPa;
7620 m) exposure in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 3, 7 and 14 days.
Redox stress assays and proteomics were performed using lung and plasma
followed by protein network analyses. We observed that redox homeostasis
was achieved after day 3 of exposure. Lung proteome revealed
cytoskeletal processes were the most significant with STAT3 acting as
upstream regulator. Plasma proteome revealed a focus on lipid metabolism
derived inflammatory processes. Overall, during prolonged low pO2
exposure, particularly those involving slowly decreasing pressures,
redox homeostasis is achieved but energy metabolism is perturbed and
this leads to an immune/inflammatory signaling impetus after 3rd day of
exposure. We found that an interplay of lung cytoskeletal elements,
systemic energy metabolism and inflammatory proteins aid in achieving
redox homeostasis and surviving extended low pO2 exposures. Qualitative
perturbations to cytoskeletal stability and innate immunity/inflammation
were also observed during extended low pO2 exposure in humans exposed to
14,000 ft for 7, 14 and 21 days.
Mechanical Ventilation for Older Patients in Internal Medicine Units
Authors: Smolin Bella , Raz-Pasteur Ayelet , Mashiach Tatiana , Zaidani Hisam , Levi Leon , Strizevsky Alexander , King Daniel A. , Dwolatzky Tzvi
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The development of technologies for the prolongation of life
has resulted in an increase in the number of older ventilated patients
in internal medicine and chronic care wards. Our study aimed to
determine the factors influencing the outcomes of older ventilated
patients in internal medicine wards. Methods: We performed a prospective
observational cohort study including all newly ventilated medical
patients aged 65 years and older over a period of 18 months. Data were
acquired from computerized medical records and from an interview of the
medical personnel initiating mechanical ventilation. Results: A total of
554 underwent mechanical ventilation for the first time during the study
period. The average age was 79 years, and 80% resided at home.
Following mechanical ventilation, 8% died in the emergency room, and
the majority of patients (351; 63%) were hospitalized in internal
medicine wards. In-hospital mortality was 64.1%, with 48% dying during
the first week of hospitalization. Overall 6-month survival was 26%. We
found that a combination of age 85 years and older, functional status
prior to ventilation, and associated morbidity (diabetes with target
organ injury and / or oncological solid organ disease) were the
strongest negative predictors of survival after discharge from the
hospital. Conclusion: Mechanical ventilation at older age is associated
with poor survival and it is possible to identify factors predicting
survival. In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, the findings of this
study may help in the decision-making process regarding mechanical
ventilation for older people.
Weighted spacetime bounds and sharp threshold result for the solution of quasilinear Schr\”{o}dinger equation with critical Sobolev exponent
Authors: song xianfa
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we study the following Cauchy problem
\begin{equation*}
\left\{
\begin{array}{lll} iu_t=\Delta
u+2uh’(|u|^2)\Delta
h(|u|^2)+F(|u|^2)u\mp
A[h(|u|^2]^{2^*-1}h’(|u|^2)u,\
x\in \mathbb{R}^N, \
t>0,\\
u(x,0)=u_0(x),\quad x\in
\mathbb{R}^N.
\end{array}\right.
\end{equation*} Here $h(s)$ and $F(s)$ are some
real-valued functions, $h(s)\geq 0$ and
$h’(s)\geq 0$ for $s\geq 0$,
$N\geq 3$, $A>0$. Besides obtaining
sufficient conditions on the blowup in finite time and global existence
of the solution, we get Morawetz type estimates and weighted spacetime
bounds for the global solution based on pseudoconformal conservation
law, we also establish a sharp threshold which gives the watershed for
initial data $u_0$ making the solution blow up.
Biodiversity and Species Distribution patterns in the low land of Yuanjiang Dry-Hot Valley
Authors: Yang Feng-Chun , Liu Jing-Xin , Huang Hua-Ping , Gou Jian-Yong , Li Ye , Chen Xian , Wen Hui-Ting , Prueksakorn Kritana , Nguyen Hong Anh , Sarathchandra Chaya
Published: March 2022

Yuanjiang dry-hot valley is poorly vegetated as a fragile arid
ecosystem. Although it was lushly forested in the past, it becomes a
tropical montane savannah in recent decades. This study focus on the
regime driving such a change which could help to understand the
relationship between plants and their living environments in the low
land of dry-hot valley, and also help to thrive the ecology policy in
Yuanjiang-Red River. Plant species and their individuals are
investigated in transects and plots arranging along the river channel.
The first is L-transect lying along the river running direction while
the second is P-transect lying perpendicular to river channel. Alpha and
beta indices are employed to cope with biodiversity change in species
and in environments. Expected species, rarity and abundance indices are
subscribed to the correlation among species, population size, and their
living circumstances, in the terms of Species_estimated, Singeltons,
Uniques, ACE, ICE, and Chao2. Meanwhile, fifty years’ meteorological
records in the valley including temperature and precipitation are
collected for environmental references. The results indicate that: (1)
in Yuanjiang dry-hot valley, alpha diversity is higher in the transects
and plots closing to river channel than apart from while beta diversity
increases from upper stream to the lower with Bray-Curtis <
0.500, but this condition is reversed in the transect perpendicular to
the river; (2) tidal range contributes a lot in alpha biodiversity
especially in the upper stream; (3) expected species, rarity and
abundance indices are stronger in the sites closing to river channel and
tidal range which is strongly indicating heterogeneous habitats. (4)
Solanum virginianum is an ideal environmental indicator in the dry-hot
valley. Conclusively, plants are not flourished in the low altitude
ascribed to high temperature and poor precipitation. More attention
should be laid on the micro habitat protection in our environmental
management.
ANALYSIS AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FRACTIONAL ORDER PINE WILT DISEASE MODEL WITH MITTAG-LEFFLER KERNEL
Authors: Padmavathi V , Prasannakumara B.C , Prakasha D. G. , Magesh Nanjundan , Alagesan K
Published: March 2022

The existence of man is dependant on nature. The peaceful existence is
distributed either by man-made devastations or by natural damages. This
study focuses on the contagious model of fractional order pine wilt
disease employing the q-HATM (q-homotopy analysis transform method) to
the leading fractional operator Atangana-Baleanu (AB) to arrive at
better comprehension. The outgrowth are exhibited in the forms of
figures and tables. At last the paper helps to analyse the practical
theory and assists to predict its manner that correspond the guidelines
contemplate the replica.
Endocardial LV lead for resynchronization therapy - a viable alternative.
Authors: Przybylowicz Ryle , Merrill Miranda , Abbott Nicholas , Krebsbach Angela , Jessel Peter , Beitinjaneh Bassel , Henrikson Charles
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Describe an alternative to conventional LV lead placement.
Background: Conventional left ventricular (LV) lead placement is not
always possible due to anatomic and technical limitations. In selected
patients LV endocardial lead placement is a viable alternative. Methods:
Five patients on warfarin with unsuccessful coronary sinus lead
placements and contraindications to epicardial lead placement elected to
undergo addition of an LV endocardial lead. The left ventricle was
accessed through the interatrial septum via a combined superior and
inferior approach resulting in an active fix lead placed on the LV
endocardial surface. Results: All patients underwent successful LV
endocardial lead placement. There were no acute procedural
complications. Two patients died 2 years following the procedure from
unrelated causes. The other patients were alive and well at a mean
follow up of 2.8 years, with significant symptomatic improvement and no
evidence of cardioembolic complications. Conclusions: The placement of
LV endocardial leads is a viable alternative in highly selected patients
with limited options.
Demographics, Outcomes, Prognostic Factors in Adolescent-Adult Non-metastatic Ewing's Sarcomas- Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in India
Authors: Bajpai Jyoti , Panda Goutam , Bhargava Prabhat , Srinivas Sujay , Laskar Siddhartha , Dandekar Sonal , Mokal Smruti , Rekhi Bharat , Khanna Nehal , Menon Nandini , Patil Vijay , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Prabhash Kumar , Banavali Sripad , Gupta Sudeep
Published: March 2022

Background Outcome and toxicity data in adolescent-adult Ewing’s Sarcoma
(AA-ES) patients is sparse and merits exploration. Methods
Histopathologically confirmed, non-metastatic AA- ES patients, who
received standard institutional combination chemotherapy regimen
(EFT-2001) comprising of ifosfamide plus etoposide and vincristine,
doxorubicin, plus cyclophosphamide, lasting a total of 12 months between
2013 and 2018, were analyzed for treatment-related toxicities,
event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Results There were
235 patients (primary safety cohort, PSC) with median age of 23 (15-61)
years; 159(67.7%) were males, 155 (65.9%) had skeletal primary and
114(48.5%) had extremity tumors. 196(83.4%) were treatment naïve
(primary efficacy cohort, PEC) and of these 119 (60.7%) had surgery. In
PEC, at a median follow up of 36.4 (IQR 20 – 55) months, estimated 5
year EFS and OS were 60.9% (95% CI 53.1% - 69.9%) and 84.5% (95%
CI 77.7% - 91.9%) respectively. Of these, 158 (80.6%) complying with
intended treatment, at a median follow up of 39 (IQR 26- 57) months had
an estimated 5 year EFS of 63.1% (95% CI 54.8%-72.6%). In
multivariable analysis good prognostic factors included, longer
symptom(s) duration (HR=0.93, 95% CI 0.86-0.994), ≥ 99% necrosis
(HR=0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.77) and treatment completion (HR=0.32, 95% CI
0.14-0.74). Among PSC, grade 3-4 toxicities were febrile-neutropenia
(119, 50.6%), anemia (130,55.3%), peripheral neuropathy (37,15.7%),
with 3(1.3%) chemo-toxic deaths . Conclusions The outcomes of AA
non-metastatic ES patients treated with EFT-2001 regimen were comparable
to those reported by others, with acceptable toxicity. This regimen
could be considered a standard-of-care in AA-ES.
Ground states solutions for nonlinear Dirac equations
Authors: Benhassine Abderrazek
Published: March 2022

This paper concerns the ground state solutions for the partial
differential equations known as the Dirac equations. Under suitable
assumptions on the nonlinearity, we show the existence of nontrivial and
ground state solutions.
Metapopulation of Ellobium chinense through the Late-middle and Late Pleistocene expansions: four covariate COI hotspots linked to G-quadruplex conformation
Authors: Shin Cho Rong , Choi Eun Hwa , Kim Gyeongmin , Baek Su Youn , Park Bia , Hwang Jihye , Jun Jumin , Kil Hyun-Jong , Oh Hyunkyung , Lee Kyungjin , Kim Sa Heung , Lee Jongrak , Suh Seung Jik , Park Dong-min , Suk Ho Young , Lee Yong Seok , Lee Young Sup , Hwang Ui Wook
Published: March 2022

The land snail Ellobium chinense (Pulmonata, Ellobiida,
Ellobiidae), which inhabits the salt marshes along the coastal areas of
northwestern Pacific, is an endangered species on the IUCN Red List.
Over recent decades, the population size of E. chinense has
consistently decreased due to environmental interference caused by
natural disasters and human activities. Here, we provide the first
assessment of the genetic diversity and population genetic structures of
northwestern Pacific E. chinense based on COI and 10
microsatellite markers. The analyses of 140 COI data from South
Korea and Japan and 54 microsatellite data from South Korea revealed
that E. chinense has high haplotype and low nucleotide diversity
without showing any genetic structures that reflect geographical
isolations. It strongly implies that the subfamily Ellobiinae may have
first appeared around the Eocene Optimum immediately after the
Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM; ca. 55 mya) and the examined
E. chinense populations in Northwestern Pacific may have been
maintained in a metapopulation under the influence of the Kuroshio warm
currents through the Late-Middle Pleistocene (0.350−0.126 mya) and Late
Pleistocene (0.126−0.012 mya). We also found four phylogenetic groups,
regardless of geographical distributions, which were easily
distinguishable by four unidirectional and stepwise adenine-to-guanine
transitions in COI (sites 207-282-354-420: A-A-A-A, A-A-G-A,
G-A-G-A, and G-G-G-G). Additionally, the four COI hotspots were
robustly connected with a high degree of covariance between them. We
discuss the role of these covariate guanines which link to form four
consecutive G-quadruplexes, and their possible beneficial effects under
positive selection pressure.
On the capacity of putative plant odorant-binding proteins to bind volatile plant isoprenoids
Authors: Giordano Deborah , Facchiano Angelo , D'Auria Sabato , Loreto Francesco
Published: March 2022

Plants use odors not only to recruit other organisms for symbioses, but
to ‘talk’ to each other. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from
“emitting” plants inform the “receiving” (listening) plants of
impending stresses or simply of their presence. However, the receptors
that allow receivers to perceive the clue are elusive. Most likely,
plant receptors are odorant bind proteins (OBPs), as in animals, and few
OBPs are known to bind “stress-induced” VOCs. We investigated whether
OBPs may bind volatile isoprenoids that make the most important class of
constitutive and stress-induced plant VOCs. First, we performed a data
base search that generated a list of candidate plant OBPs. Second, we
investigated in silico the ability of the identified candidate plant
OBPs to bind VOCs by molecular simulation experiments. Our results show
that monoterpenes can bind the same OBPs that were described to bind
stress-induced VOCs. Whereas, the constitutive hemiterpene isoprene does
not bind any investigated OBP and may not have an info-chemical role. We
conclude that, as for animal OBPs, plant OBPs may bind different VOCs.
Despite being generalist and not specialized, plant OBPs may play an
important role in allowing plants to eavesdrop messages sent by other
plants.
DETECTED FREQUENCY OF BACTEREMIA IN DECUBITUS ULCER WOUNDS AND FACTORS AFFECTING DECISIONS TO TREAT
Authors: oztin hasan , erdemir mete , Ozturk Ilyas
Published: March 2022

Aim: Decubitus ulcers are a significant cause of morbidity and
mortality, and a source of considerable expense in health expenditures.
Bacteremia is a frequently seen complication of decubitus ulcers,
although its incidence has yet to be well defined, and there are scarce
studies on the subject. The aim in the present study is to assess the
frequency of bacteremia of decubitus ulcer origin as an indicator in
decisions to start systemic antibiotics in patients with decubitus
ulcers. Material and metods: Included in the study were all patients
over the age of 18 years receiving palliative care in hospital, and with
a decubitus ulcer. All decubitus wounds were washed with sterile saline
and a sample was taken using a sterile cotton swab from the deepest and
the most solid part of the wounds. we included 76 patients whose 40
(52.6%) were male and 36 (47.4%) were female, with a mean age of
70.8±15.6 (18-95) years. Among the 76 patients, 75 (65.2%) had
decubitus ulcer infections at 115 different sites of the body. Result:
The rate of bacteremia in decubitus ulcers was 13.9% (16/115) , and the
agents were found to be polymicrobial in the wound cultures of 42
(55.2%) of the patients. The most common accompanying bacteria were
acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E.coli. Among the decubitus
ulcers, 49 (42.6%), 60 (52.4%) and 6 (5.2%) were evaluated as stage
4, 3 and 2 decubitus ulcers, respectively. Conclusion: The causative
agent of decubitus infections was found to be the agent causing
bacteremia in 13.9% of the patients with decubitus ulcers in the
present study. The agent growing in the wound culture was rarely found
to be the causative agent of bacteremia when deciding whether to treat
decubitus ulcer infections.
Risk factors associated with PCR repositivity in patients with COVID-19 after recovery in Guangzhou, China: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Luo Lei , Liu Dan , Zhang Zhoubin , Li Zhihao , Xie Chaohui , Wang Zhenghe , Chen Zongqiu , Zhang Peidong , Zhang Xiru , Zhang Yujie , Zhong Wenfang , Zhang Wenting , Yang Pei , Huang Qingmei , Song Weiqi , Wang Hui , Mao Chen
Published: March 2022

Some patients retested positive for SARS-CoV-2 following negative
testing results and discharge. However, the potential risk factors
associated with redetectable positive test results in a large sample of
patients who recovered from COVID-19 have not been well estimated. A
total of 745 discharged COVID-19 patients were enrolled between January
30, 2020, and September 9, 2020, in Guangzhou, China. Data on the
clinical characteristics, comorbidities, drug therapy, RT-PCR testing,
and contact modes to close contacts were collected. Patients who tested
positive for SARS-CoV-2 after discharge (positive retest patients) were
confirmed by guidelines issued by China. The repositive rate in
different settings was calculated. Among 745 discharged patients, 157
(21.1%; 95% CI, 18.2% to 24.0%) retested positive, of which 55
(35.0%) were asymptomatic, 15 (9.6%) had mild symptoms, 83 (52.9%)
had moderate symptoms and 4 (2.6%) had severe symptoms at the first
admission. The median time from discharge to repositivity was 8.0 days
(IQR, 8.0 to 14.0 days). Most positive retest patients were without
clinical symptoms, and lymphocyte cell counts were higher than before
being discharged. The likelihood of repositive testing for SARS-CoV-2
RNA was significantly higher among patients who were younger age (OR,
3.88; 95% CI, 1.74 to 8.66, 0 to 17 years old), had asymptomatic
severity (OR, 4.36; 95% CI, 1.47 to 12.95) and did not have clinical
symptoms (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.70, without fever). We found that
the positive retest rate of COVID-19 was relatively high, and these
patients tested positive again with a median of 8.0 to 14.0 days after
discharge. Positive retest results were mainly observed in young
patients without severe clinical symptoms. These findings suggest that a
significant proportion of patients could carry viral fragments for a
long time, and effective management, such as a prolonged quarantine
phase for discharged patients, is necessary.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of respiratory viruses in 4403 pediatric patients from multi-center hospitals in Guangdong, China
Authors: Zheng Lei
Published: March 2022

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause a considerable
morbidity and mortality worldwide especially in children. Unfortunately,
there was limited multi-center data about common viral respiratory
infection in south China. Methods: A total of 4403 nasal swabs of
children were collected from 10 cities of Guangdong, China in 2019.
Seven respiratory viruses including influenza A virus (IFA), influenza B
virus (IFB), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses (ADV),
parainfluenza virus type 1-3 (PIV1-3) and were detected by direct
immunofluorescence antibody assay. The personal information and clinical
characteristics were recorded and analyzed. Results: The results showed
that 1099 (24.96%) samples were detected of at least one virus. The
detected rates of RSV, IFA, ADV, PIV3, PIV1 and PIV2 were 7.13%
(314/4403), 5.31% (234/4403), 4.02% (177/4403), 3.04% (134/4403),
1.70% (75/4403) and 1.16% (51/4403), respectively. The detection rate
of RSV in (0-6)-month-old was highest with 18.18% (106/583), while the
detection rate of IFA in (12-18)-year-old was highest with 20.48%
(17/83). The total detection rates in winter and spring were 35.67%
(219/614), 34.56% (403/1166), higher than those in summer 17.41%
(284/1631) and autumn 19.46% (193/992). Conclusions: RSV and IFA were
the main respiratory viruses in children. With age, the detection rate
of RSV decreased in children, but the trend of detection rates of IFA
and IFB were the opposite. This study provided the viral etiology and
epidemiology of pediatric patients with ARI in Guangdong, China, which
was important for the improvement and optimization of diagnostic
tactics, control and prevention of the respiratory viral infections.
COVID-19: a review from origin to immune responses
Authors: Vafaeinezhad Arefe , Atashzar Mohammad Reza , Baharlou Rasoul ‏
Published: March 2022

Coronaviruses were first discovered in the 1960s. The severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the
cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China and subsequently,
across the globe. As COVID-19 causes serious public health concerns
across the world, investigating the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and
its interaction with the host immune responses may help to provide a
clearer picture of the way this pathogen causes disease in some
individuals. Interestingly, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a 80% sequence homology
with SARS-CoV-1 and 96–98% homology with coronaviruses isolated from
bats. Therefore, the experience acquired in SARS and MERS epidemics may
improve our understanding of the immune response and immunopathological
changes in COVID-19 patients. Here, we have reviewed the immune response
(including the innate and adaptive immunities) against the SARS-CoV,
MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 pathogens to improve our understanding of the
concept of the disease, and enlighten the scope for developing vaccines
and medicines for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Facemasks and the COVID-19 pandemic: The harm caused by improper use of facemasks is a matter of concern
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Wang Qi , Zhang Kai
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The use of facemasks has played an important role in the
prevention of COVID-19. However, inappropriate use of facemasks also
brings people certain problems. Therefore, the reasonable use of
facemasks is a necessary measure to protect oneself and others in the
current epidemic prevention and control.