bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Future Population Dynamics of Indigenous Earthworm Species in Golaghat District of Assam, India
Authors: Barman Himangshu , Barhoi Amir , Saikia Apurba , Chutia Pavitra
Published: November 2024

This study presents a pioneering exploration into the population dynamics of indigenous earthworm species in the Golaghat district of Assam, India, through the lens of mathematical modeling. Recognizing the integral role of earthworms in enhancing soil productivity and ecosystem health, we embarked on a detailed longitudinal analysis spanning from 2018 to 2023 to assess their population trends across different seasons and subdivisions within the district. Utilizing the principles of Mathematical Biology, we employed the Malthus Growth model and the Logistic Growth model to estimate future population trajectories of earthworm species, integrating biological insights with mathematical rigor. Our methodology, combining extensive field data collection with sophisticated mathematical modeling, provides a replicable framework for similar ecological studies. This study contributes to the growing field of Mathematical Biology, offering a novel approach to understanding the complex interactions within ecosystems and the impact of environmental changes on key species. The outcomes offer valuable insights into sustainable agricultural practices and biodiversity conservation in tropical and subtropical regions, emphasizing the critical role of indigenous earthworm species in maintaining soil health and ecosystem services. Our findings reveal significant seasonal variations and highlight the resilience of these species in the face of ecological changes. The models suggest distinct population growth patterns, with the Logistic model providing a more realistic projection considering environmental constraints and resource availability. The bifurcation diagram is drawn for the Logistic map that presents the phenomena inside the chaotic region.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CURSO DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO DA UFMG A PARTIR DOS ENADES 2011, 2014, 2017 E 2020
Authors: Sá Daniele Nunes Caetano de
Published: November 2024

Avaliação de desempenho dos discentes do Curso de graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Escola de Arquitetura da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (EAUFMG) com base nos instrumentos e resultados do ENADE dos anos de 2011, 2014, 2017 e 2020. Metodologicamente o estudo revisou os conceitos e metodologias dos SINAES, os “Relatórios do Curso” disponibilizados pelo Ministério da Educação, os componentes de “Formação Geral e Específica de Provas do ENADE” e os respectivos “CPC” e “IGC” do Curso ao longo da última década. O objetivo primário era subsidiar a proposta de reforma curricular da Escola de Arquitetura e como objetivos secundários, relevantes, destaca-se a potencialização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem a partir da análise das temáticas das questões das provas, do “Questionário socioeconômico” e da “Opinião dos estudantes concluintes sobre a IES”. Ratificando o INEP, o trabalho orientou ações pedagógicas do Curso uma vez que constitui referência para o conhecimento da realidade institucional e evidencia o caráter integrativo da avaliação.
Implementación de Metodologías Ágiles en Proyectos Tecnológicos Educativos de Nivel Superior
Authors: De La Cruz Medina Santiago
Published: November 2024

En proyectos universitarios, las metodologías ágiles dan la posibilidad a los estudiantes de tener un papel más activo, lo que le permite mantener una participación constante en cada fase de su proceso de aprendizaje. De la misma manera, permiten alcanzar una serie de competencias, como la comunicación y la gestión del tiempo, las cuales no se consiguen fácilmente a través de las tecnologías tradicionales. Esto se debe a que manejan enfoques flexibles y colaborativos las cuales se fundamentan en la adaptabilidad y la comunicación constante. La finalidad del estudio es estudiar la eficacia de las metodologías ágiles en proyectos tecnológicos universitarios. La investigación presenta un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo documental, basado en la exploración de material documental tomado de distintos repositorios de datos, algunos de estos son: SciELO, Dialnet, ELSEVIER y Redalyc. De los hallazgos se pudo conocer que la incorporación de metodologías ágiles en proyectos tecnológicos universitarios ha demostrado ser altamente beneficiosa. Estas metodologías, como Scrum o Kanban, permiten una gestión más eficiente de cada uno de los proyectos, fomentando la colaboración, y adaptándose a cada requerimiento en particular. Igualmente, promueven la integración de cada uno de los integrantes del equipo, fomentando la responsabilidad compartida y la toma de decisiones conjuntas. Esto no solo fortalece las habilidades de trabajo en equipo, sino que también impulsa la creatividad y la innovación.
El uso del teléfono móvil en los universitarios: caso de estudio sobre el acceso a los servicios de emergencia
Authors: Gómez Ramón Rubí del Carmen , Pérez Rejón José Ángel , Herrera Sánchez Beatriz , Diez Irizar Gisela Aquilea , Pérez Cruz José Alonso
Published: November 2024

Las acciones realizadas en la vida cotidiana han sido beneficiadas por la era tecnológica a través de los teléfonos móviles; por ende, este trabajo se ha enfocado en el análisis del acceso y la seguridad de los servicios de emergencias en estos móviles de los estudiantes universitarios, así como los aspectos que puedan ofrecer los dispositivos, para una mejora en la calidad educativa y en la disposición de recursos. Por lo tanto, el principal objetivo es analizar los aspectos antes mencionados para proponer políticas que promuevan un uso garantizado, eficiente en el contexto escolar entre los estudiantes. Se concluye que es recomendable desarrollar políticas de servicios que fomenten un uso responsable, adecuado y seguro referente a la tecnología móvil en los estudiantes universitarios, para optimizar sus beneficios y disminuir los riesgos que pueden ocasionar estos dispositivos.
Disortografía en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en los estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Macas Macas Andrea Yadira , Riofrio Flores Rosa Amada , Cuenca Bermeo Valeria Isabel , Solorzano Cobeña Genesis Moncerrat , Palomeque Ayala Marco Patricio
Published: November 2024

La disortografía es una dificultad específica de aprendizaje que afecta la capacidad de escribir correctamente. En el contexto educativo, especialmente en estudiantes de 3ro de bachillerato, esta dificultad puede tener un impacto significativo en su rendimiento académico y en su autoestima. La disortografía se manifiesta en errores frecuentes de ortografía, como la omisión de letras, sustitución de unas por otras, inversión de letras o palabras y errores en la segmentación de palabras. La metodología utilizada se basó en la investigación cualitativa enfocado en el paradigma interpretativo, el cual pretende describir, analizar e interpretar la realidad. Frente a ello, ha sido necesario aplicar la investigación documental o bibliográfica y de campo, acompañada del método inductivo, mismo que parte de lo particular a lo general. Finalmente se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista con el respectivo instrumento, los cuales permitieron recolectar información relevante para el análisis y formulación de resultados de la investigación. Se determinó que la disortografía afecta la correcta grafía de las palabras y aplicación de las reglas ortográficas.
La herramienta Galexia como soporte tecnológico en la intervención educativa para mejorar la comprensión lectora de estudiantes con dislexia
Authors: Ajila Catalina del Carmen , Mina Vergara Neicer , Castillo Carranza Edwin Rodrigo , López Bustillos Andrés Leonardo , Morales Ramírez William Gustavo
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo se enfoca en el uso de la herramienta tecnológica Galexia como soporte educativo para mejorar la comprensión lectora en estudiantes con dislexia. La dislexia representa un desafío significativo en el rendimiento académico, afectando tanto el desarrollo cognitivo como emocional de los estudiantes. Galexia es un videojuego educativo diseñado para entrenar habilidades lectoras mediante un enfoque lúdico e interactivo. La aplicación ayuda a mejorar procesos fonológicos, ortográficos y semánticos, permitiendo que los estudiantes avancen a su propio ritmo y fortaleciendo su confianza. La metodología del estudio es cualitativa y bibliográfica, basada en la revisión documental reciente. Los resultados muestran que el uso de Galexia contribuye al desarrollo de la autonomía y la fluidez lectora, además de fomentar la inclusión educativa. Se recomienda ampliar la implementación de esta herramienta en instituciones educativas y capacitar a los docentes en el uso de TIC para maximizar su impacto pedagógico.
El enfoque dialógico una alternativa pedagógica para potenciar el pensamiento crítico en el educando en la asignatura de Estudios Sociales y Educación Religiosa Escolar
Authors: Zhunio Suin Luisa Rosa , Alvarado Veintimilla Lady Katherine , Quezada Paucar María Elizabeth
Published: November 2024

En el contexto del área del conocimiento de las Ciencias Sociales y la asignatura de Educación Religiosa Escolar (ERE) el profesorado debe abordar una gran variedad de contenidos ligados a la historia, la sociedad y la cultura, donde el enfoque dialógico se constituye en un proceso pedagógico efectivo para potenciar el pensamiento crítico en el alumnado, lo que implica democratizar el diálogo igualitario en cada uno de los encuentros intersubjetivos de los educandos. En el presente proceso investigativo se obtuvo la colaboración de 34 profesionales de la educación responsables de la asignatura de Estudios Sociales y ERE en los distintos niveles y subniveles. Se aplicó una encuesta para recabar información de los informantes directos de la temática en cuestión; se optó por la investigación descriptiva, bibliográfica y de campo. Los resultados de mayor relevancia: la totalidad integra el enfoque dialógico en la asignatura de Estudios Sociales y ERE, sostienen que el enfoque dialógico (bidireccional, inteligible y transformación) incide en la potenciación del pensamiento crítico en alumnado, asumen que al desarrollar el pensamiento crítico se reduce el pensamiento: egocéntrico, arrogante, prejuiciado y compulsivo, también casi la totalidad desconocen que Freire, Wells y Bakhtin son los precursores del enfoque dialógico que es un espacio de recreación desde la democratización de un diálogo igualitario, se recomienda capacitar a los docentes en el enfoque dialógico.
Desempeño en el aprendizaje de funciones trigonométricas mediante el uso del aplicativo GeoGebra
Authors: Escudero Álava Estuardo , Vinueza Guamán Silvia , Rojas González Juan , Moreira Velásquez Jeniffer , Rizo Macías Carolina
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio de investigación, tiene como objetivo determinar si el uso de una herramienta tecnológica como GeoGebra mejora aprendizaje en el tema de funciones trigonométricas. Dado que las matemáticas son una ciencia de vital importancia en el proceso formativo educativo, la investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo-cualitativo y la misma está siendo aplicada en una unidad educativa pública de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas de Ecuador. El estudio se aplicó a dos grupos de estudiantes de segundo bachillerato, donde cada uno tuvo estrategias de aprendizaje diferente, el grupo control tuvo un aprendizaje tradicional y en el grupo experimental integrando GeoGebra como herramienta de aprendizaje. Tras evaluar a ambos grupos se logró determinar diferencias en el nivel de comprensión. Un hallazgo clave en la investigación es que se determina que el uso de GeoGebra es favorable en la comprensión de conocimientos. En conclusión, las herramientas tecnológicas en el aprendizaje de matemática facilitan no solo la comprensión, sino que además contribuyen en el grado de motivación de los estudiantes.
El principio dispositivo frente la prueba de oficio en los procesos contenciosos administrativos
Authors: Palacios Azanza Jorge Israel
Published: November 2024

La jurisdicción contencioso administrativa permite a los ciudadanos reclamar ante tribunales especializados cuando consideran que se ha aplicado indebidamente una ley administrativa. Estos tribunales revisan si la administración pública ha violado derechos y, de ser así, pueden declarar la nulidad o revocar el acto impugnado, asegurando justicia y protección de derechos. El principio dispositivo concede a las partes la facultad de iniciar y dirigir el proceso, y la responsabilidad de presentar pruebas. Por otro lado, la prueba de oficio, según el COGEP, autoriza al juez a intervenir y recopilar evidencia por iniciativa propia. En el contexto del proceso contencioso administrativo, esta dinámica se adapta para proteger al administrado frente al poder desproporcionado de la administración pública. La contradicción surge en equilibrar la autonomía de las partes con la intervención del juez. Un exceso de pruebas de oficio puede afectar la equidad, mientras que la falta de intervención puede resultar en injusticias si se omiten pruebas relevantes. Encontrar el equilibrio adecuado entre estos principios es crucial para garantizar un proceso justo. Esta investigación es relevante para entender cómo armonizar el principio dispositivo y la prueba de oficio, mejorando así la justicia, equidad y eficiencia en la resolución de conflictos administrativos.
Influencia de las pausas activas en la concentración y rendimiento matemático de estudiantes de bachillerato con TDAH
Authors: Castillo Cortez Orlin Alexis , Cheza Castro Adela Alexandra , Figueroa Sacón Francisco Fernando , Revelo Gordón Verónica Elizabeth , Rosas Páez Nelson Arturo
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación analiza la influencia de las pausas activas en la concentración y el rendimiento matemático de estudiantes de bachillerato con Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). Se realizó un estudio experimental con 60 estudiantes divididos en grupo control y grupo experimental. El grupo experimental realizó pausas activas durante las sesiones de estudio. Los resultados indican una mejora significativa en la concentración y el rendimiento matemático del grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo control. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las pausas activas pueden ser una estrategia efectiva para mejorar el rendimiento académico de estudiantes con TDAH.
Exploring the Crucial Role of Television Programmes and Social Media in Political Reform
Authors: Ahmed Al Mosawi Nawrs , Samir M. Hussein Shimaa
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on analyzing the role of satellite television programmes in the political development and television programmes of a positive culture of political difference as a major step towards political reform the media is an integral part of the responsibilities of political systems, Television programmes are one of the media outreach platforms influencing the formation of public awareness across age, quality, social, economic and other groups. Television programs have also benefited from social media sites to spread further and influence them; the direction of television programs and their providers to establish social media pages and express their political orientations and urge the public to interact politically and, not long later, government institutions moved towards establishing social media pages alongside their websites. s political direction and development strategies. Keywords: Political Difference, Political Platforms, Political Reform.
The Role of Satirical Political Platforms in Shaping Societal Political Awareness
Authors: Al Mahasna Khaled , Al Arqan Abd Elraheem
Published: November 2024

The current study aims to uncover the reality of satirical political platforms and the role of the media in developing awareness of citizens’ political participation based on contemporary political theories from the perspective of students themselves. The results of the first question showed that the computational averages of the reality of the media’s role in developing awareness of political participation ranged from 3.67-4.28 to their high level. The results of the second question were shown: The existence of statistically significant differences attributable to the sex variable and to the interests of females and the absence of statistically significant differences depending on the macro variable and the school year. The results of question III showed that the computational averages of the responses of the study sample individuals to the paragraphs of the challenges facing the media in developing awareness of political participation ranged from one to another. (3.80-4.14) and its high level, and the most prominent sources on which the widespread satirical programmes relied as well as the Joe Shaw programme relied on mixed sources in the first place. The study showed that the study programmes took the opposing trend in their coverage of political subjects in proportion (25%), highlighting the media trends used by both Clear Jamming and Joe Shaw in their coverage of political topics is the framework of economic consequences, while Al-Suleit’s news programme focused on using the framework of political conflict. Keywords: political awareness, satirical programs, media, media misinformation.
Egyptian Expatriates’ Engagement: Analysis of the Role of the State (2015-2023)
Authors: Banoub Rita
Published: November 2024

The question of expatriate engagement has been gaining momentous importance on the agenda of the Egyptian state since 2014. In an attempt to design a national strategy in engaging with its expatriates, the Egyptian government has been keen on developing certain policies and initiatives, starting with the re-establishment of the Egyptian Ministry of Emigration (Samra, 2018). This has been followed by several initiatives that aimed at providing public services to the expatriates, fostering their investment rates, and consolidating their national identity and sense of belonging (Samra, 2018). Hence, it would be interesting to further analyse the national policies and initiatives for expatriate engagement while addressing the following research question: “In light of A. Gamlen’s typology of diaspora engagement policies, to what extent can the Egyptian emigrants’ engagement policies and initiatives be considered comprehensive?”. This paper argues that due to the increasing potential value that the expatriates represent to their homeland in terms of financial and human capital, and based on Gamlen’s typology of diaspora engagement policy, the Egyptian public approach to expatriate engagement can be considered comprehensive as it encompasses efforts for institution-building, and symbolic nation-building. It also directs attention to political integration, and social services while attempting to enhance the remittances’ rates and expatriates’ knowledge transfers through offering different sets of incentives. To address the research question and prove the argument, the paper is divided into six sections which include a thorough conceptual framework, an analysis of the value that the Egyptian emigrants represent to their homeland, and an examination of the mounting political will and interest in engaging the Egyptian expatriates. Based on this political will, the paper analyses the policies of capacity-building, and the initiatives that aim at extending rights and extracting obligations in terms of remittances, investments, and knowledge transfer. Keywords: Egyptian expatriates, Gamlen’s typology, Institution-building, symbolic nation-building, extension of rights, extraction of obligations, remittances, knowledge transfer.
Estimation of harbor and bay resonances by MMS-FEM model with application to the Bay of Toulon, France
Authors: Belibassakis Kostas , Rey Vincent
Published: November 2024

Bay and harbor resonances are investigated in this work, taking into account the variable bathymetry of the semi-enclosed basin. The Modified Mild-Slope (MMS) equation is implemented for the description of combined refraction-diffraction effects, from which the eigenperiods and eigenmodes are calculated by means of a low-order Finite Element Method (FEM scheme). The model is first applied to a coastal-port region of Toulon, France, illustrating the versatility of the model to easily include coastal structures such as detached breakwater. Next, the present model is applied to the extended nearshore area of Toulon including the Gulf of Giens showing the applicability of the developed MMS-FEM model for the estimation of harbor and bay resonances, as well as more extended nearshore regions where variable bottom topography effects become important. The calculated resonant frequency depends on the domain characteristics and the size of the open sea boundary and accurately reproduces the measurements within Toulon Bay. On the other hand, for open bays such as the Gulf of Giens, a discrepancy is observed between calculated and measured eigenperiods which is due to a very wide opening of the sea boundary that cannot accurately describe the seiching. This underlines the difficulty of accurately calculating the resonance frequency for open bays, in contrast to the classic studies carried out for ports, which are considered virtually closed basins, and confirms the complementary nature of long-term water level measurements and numerical calculations, for better quantification of the risks associated with energetic meteorological and/or oceanographic events.
Large Scale Modelling: Farm Activities in Scotland
Authors:   University of Aberdeen, McCormick Benjamin , Giuliani Licida , Roxburgh Nick , Polhill Gary , Macdiarmid Jennifer
Published: November 2024

We describe Scottish farming as a network of resources and farm enterprises. Resources move between enterprises as inputs and outputs. The network of farming activities was taken from the SRUC Farm Management Handbook. The network is fragile to the removal of resources, but some resources, such a labour and land, are more important as they are shared between more enterprises. The farming system constrains changes between enterprise. Changing from one business enterprise to another is likely to be easier the more shared resources there are between them.
Factor Structure and Internal Consistency Reliability of the Croatian Version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES) IV Package : A Preliminary Study
Authors: Gregorović Belaić Zlatka , Čekolj Nadja , Zloković Jasminka
Published: November 2024

Introduction: A family operates as a dynamic system comprising various subsystems and is continually interacting with its environment. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend the underlying principles of family functioning. One of the most commonly used models for describing family functioning is the Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems (Olson & Gorall, 2003). Aims: In this study, we aimed at examining the factor structure and internal consistency reliability in the Croatian version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale IV Package, which measures family functioning through family cohesion and flexibility at the balanced and unbalanced levels, as well as family communication and family satisfaction. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were performed using a convenient sample of 528 participants. Results: CFA revealed that the Croatian version of the FACES IV Package does not fit the theoretical model of the original factor structure in this preliminary study. The exceptions were the Family Communication Scale and Family Satisfaction Scale, which showed satisfactory parameters. The results of the EFA of FACES IV showed a 5-factor model solution. Conclusions: The Croatian version of the FACES IV Package is not completely suitable for use in the national context. Thus, given these preliminary findings, further testing on a more representative or clinical sample is recommended.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS ON FRACTIONS IN GRADE VIII AT SMP NEGERI 2 MAZINO
Authors: Luaha Aldin
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe and identify the factors contributing to the low understanding of mathematical concepts related to fractions among students. This research is qualitative in nature with a descriptive approach. The informants in this study are 18 eighth-grade students from SMP Negeri 2 Mazino. Data were analyzed through the steps of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The data collection techniques used are tests and interviews. The results show that, overall, students exhibit low understanding of concepts when distinguishing between two fractions, with 18% categorized as very poor. In classifying fractions by type, the percentage is 19% in the very poor category. For ordering fractions from smallest to largest, the percentage is 37%, categorized as poor. In simplifying addition and subtraction operations involving fractions, 22% fall into the poor category. Additionally, in relating everyday life to fraction concepts, the percentage is 60%, categorized as sufficient, while 20% fall into the very poor category. Factors influencing this include a lack of understanding of the statements in the tests, not comprehending the questions posed, being less meticulous in understanding simple fractions, and difficulty in interpreting word problems related to fraction operations. In conclusion, eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Mazino demonstrate low understanding in completing tests on fractions. It is recommended that teachers create a question-and-answer space in their lesson plans to enhance students' conceptual understanding when working with fractions.
MATHEMATICS EDUCATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM: LEARNING STRATEGIES THROUGH HOMBO BATU
Authors: Harefa Darmawan
Published: November 2024

This study aims to explore the application of local wisdom-based mathematics education through learning strategies using the traditional game Hombo Batu. Local wisdom is considered a valuable resource for enriching the learning process and enhancing students' understanding of mathematical concepts. Through this approach, students not only learn theoretically but also connect the material to their daily experiences, which increases their motivation and engagement. The results of the literature review indicate that Hombo Batu can serve as an interactive learning medium, supporting the development of social skills and strengthening students' cultural identity. Although there are challenges in its implementation, such as a lack of training for teachers and limited resources, recommendations for integrating local wisdom into the mathematics education curriculum can help create more meaningful learning experiences. This study is expected to provide insights for the development of more relevant and effective teaching methods in the educational context.
LEARNING MATHEMATICS IN TELUKDALAM MARKET: CALCULATING PRICES AND MONEY IN LOCAL TRADE
Authors: Gaurifa Midarwati
Published: November 2024

This study aims to develop a contextual mathematics learning method using the market as a learning medium in Telukdalam. The main focus of the research is to enhance students' abilities in calculating prices and money within local trade. Through this approach, students not only learn basic mathematical concepts but also relate them to real-life situations they encounter in their daily lives. A literature review method is employed to examine relevant literature on contextual mathematics learning and the importance of social interaction in the learning process. The results indicate that learning experiences in the market can enhance students' motivation and understanding of mathematical material. Additionally, this learning approach enriches local social and cultural values, leading students to appreciate their environment and traditions more. It is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to the development of a more relevant and contextual mathematics curriculum.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN COCOR BEBEK (BRYOPHYLLUM PINNATUM) TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA NYAMUK
Authors: Manao Ildefonsus Jefri
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of cocorbek (Bryophyllum pinnatum) leaf extract on mosquito larvae mortality. The research method uses a type of quantitative research with a true experimental approach (pure experiment). It is said to be true experimental because here the researcher intervenes by manipulating the independent variables used as factors, and to see the effects they cause. Researchers will closely observe all other factors that may be considered to influence, suppress and interfere with the results of the experiment. The research results were based on hypothesis testing using one way ANOVA analysis and the results obtained were an Fcount value of 34.536 and a sig value of 0.000. With the hypothesis that Fcount > Ftable and it is said to be significant if the sig value < 0.05. So if compared with Ftable in this study which is 2.77, then Fcount is 34.536 > Ftable 2.77. So Ha is accepted (there is an effect of cocorbek leaf extract on mosquito larvae mortality) and Ho is rejected (there is no effect of cocorbek leaf extract on mosquito larvae mortality). The conclusion of the research is that cocorbek leaf extract has an effect on the mortality of mosquito larvae. In treatment P0, it showed that no mortality occurred because cocorbek leaf extract was not given. Treatment P1 given cocorbek leaf extract had the lowest average mortality value. Meanwhile, P5 treatment had the highest average mortality value. This shows that the higher the concentration of Cocor Bebek leaf extract given, the more mosquito larvae will die. Cocorbek leaf extract can affect the mortality of mosquito larvae because it contains active chemicals that can inhibit larval growth, such as alkoloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins which are toxic to mosquito larvae.
Effects of Nonsensical Responses in Virtual Human Simulations on Clinicians’ Empathic Communication and Emotional Responses
Authors: Siqueira Alexandre Gomes de , Yao Heng , Bloch-Elkouby Sarah , Rogers Megan L. , Lawrence Olivia C. , Peterkin Devon , Zheng Sifan , Feeney Kathleen , Musser Erica D. , Galynker Igor , Lok Benjamin
Published: November 2024

In this manuscript, we report on research that explores the application of virtual human patients to train clinicians on empathic communication skills. During training, clinicians received empathy scores as they interacted with two virtual humans portraying suicidal ideation, who at times provided nonsensical responses. We video-recorded clinicians' interactions with virtual humans and analyzed their facial expressions, as well as their verbal responses. In phase I of our study, we analyzed clinicians' facial expressions during three key moments: after a sensical response from a virtual human (baseline), following the last nonsensical response of the interaction, and after a sensical response that followed the last nonsensical response. In phase I, facial expressions were grouped into Negative (anger, disgust, sadness, and fear) and Positive (happiness, neutral, and surprise) facial affective behaviors. We observed that nonsensical responses from virtual humans can negatively affect clinicians' positive and negative facial affective behaviors. We found a significant increase in the percentage of time clinicians express negative facial affective behaviors immediately following nonsensical responses. In phase II, we recruited additional clinician-participants and investigated how different proportions of nonsensical responses affect clinicians' facial expressions of individual basic emotions (instead of groups of positive and negative facial expressions), as well as whether nonsensical responses moderate the association between expressions of basic emotions and empathy scores obtained by clinicians during training. We observed a statistically significant positive interaction between proportions of nonsensical responses and angry facial expressions in predicting average empathy scores. That is, the relationship between anger and empathy scores was significant at low and mean levels of nonsensical responses, but not at high levels. These results suggest that at low and mean levels nonsensical responses negatively impact clinicians' performance, hindering their ability to acquire empathy skills. We discuss the impacts of technological limitations during virtual human interactions, particularly nonsensical responses, and the importance of controlling for such issues.
Analyzing the Relationship between Egg Production and Population Growth in South Africa from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Potsiso Mokhaukhau Jenny , Precious Senyolo Mmapatla , Johannes Hlongwane Jan
Published: November 2024

Eggs offer nutritional benefits and are a vital source of proteins for humans globally. Therefore, the study examined the relationship between egg production and population growth in South Africa using secondary time series data from the year 2013 to 2022. The number of observations amounted to 10 and the data was obtained from Statistics South Africa and the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform, and Rural Development in South Africa. The data was analyzed using various analytical models, such as the descriptive statistics and Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test to assess the unit root. In addition, the Johansen cointegration test, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to test for the relationship was employed. The results show that egg production displayed a significant variation with population growth. The average tons is between 445 and 594 per annum while the average population growth is 1.195 annually. The cointegration results confirmed a long-term relationship between the variables. The VAR model demonstrates that past population growth predicts egg production which suggests that population trends forecast the output of agricultural production in South Africa. Therefore, this emphasizes the need for strategic planning to meet the yearly demand for products such as eggs in South Africa as the population grows.
Seismic Resistant Building
Authors: Azizi Abdallah
Published: November 2024

Earthquakes are the leading cause of structural destruction, resulting in significant human and economic losses. Consequently, ongoing efforts have focused on developing solutions, which have evolved with advancements in architecture and construction sciences. These methods were first proposed by strengthening structures and then with the view of increasing ductility and design based on performance, and in parallel with that, structural control methods were proposed. In this chapter, methods of strengthening structures against earthquakes have been reviewed. Different viewpoints have been proposed and methods of structure control have been expressed. It has been shown that the factor of destruction of structural components is their strain energy reaching the ultimate capacity. Finally, the method of controlling the strain energy of the components in all methods was stated.
Energy-Efficient Deep Learning Training
Authors: Guan Lei , Zhang Shaofeng , Chen Yongle
Published: November 2024

Deep learning has evolved into the most important supporting technology for artificial intelligence (AI) and has achieved widespread application across various fields. However, the energy expenditure associated with training deep learning models has become increasingly significant, now representing an undeniable part of global carbon emissions. This chapter mainly focuses on techniques for achieving energy-efficient deep learning training. It first addresses the context of the significant energy consumption associated with training AI models. Then, it specifically focuses on optimization algorithms and parallel training methods—two key technologies for improving the efficiency of deep learning training. Following that, it presents additional supporting technologies that enhance the training efficiency of AI models. Finally, it provides an overview of specific strategies from a macro perspective.
Precision Medicine Approaches in Breast Cancer: Current Strategies and Future Directions
Authors: Idris Omer A. , Deleon Nicholas , Gustafson Micah , Haj Delour , Zhang Tiantian
Published: November 2024

Precision medicine has revolutionized the approach to breast cancer treatment by leveraging molecular subtyping, biomarker identification, genomic profiling, and targeted therapies. This comprehensive review explores the significance of breast cancer subtypes—Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2+, and triple-negative—and their respective molecular characteristics and prognoses. It discusses the pivotal role of biomarkers such as HER2, estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR) in predicting prognosis and therapy response. The review delves into advanced genomic profiling techniques, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and their implications for personalized treatment plans. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of liquid biopsies and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in non-invasive cancer diagnostics and monitoring. The integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence in predictive modeling and treatment algorithms is examined, along with the challenges posed by tumor heterogeneity and access to genomic testing. Future prospects, such as the expansion of CRISPR-based technologies and machine learning, are also discussed. Finally, strategies for integrating precision medicine into clinical practice and future innovations in the field are highlighted, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, patient education, and shared decision-making.
Medical Treatment for Endometriosis
Authors: Konal Merve
Published: November 2024

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, leading to pain, inflammation, and infertility. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the medical treatments for endometriosis, emphasizing hormonal and non-hormonal therapies, emerging and experimental treatments, and lifestyle modifications. Hormonal treatments such as oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists and antagonists, progestins, and aromatase inhibitors are explored in detail, highlighting their mechanisms of action, efficacy, and side effects. Non-hormonal treatments, including pain management strategies and complementary therapies, are discussed for their role in alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life. The chapter also delves into novel therapeutic approaches like immunomodulatory drugs, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy, which hold promise for more effective and personalized management of endometriosis. Comparative effectiveness research and patient outcomes are analyzed to provide insights into the most effective treatment strategies. Finally, the importance of integrating lifestyle modifications and patient education into a comprehensive treatment plan is underscored to enhance long-term management and quality of life for endometriosis patients.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Usage and Residues in Poultry Tissues and Eggs from Smallholder Poultry Farmers in Cameroon
Authors: De Paul Tatfo Keutchatang Fabrice , Medoua Nama Gabriel , Kansci Germain , Fokou Elie
Published: November 2024

There is reasonable doubt about the accuracy of veterinary drug use in Cameroon poultry production. To enable better use of antimicrobials, it is important to recognize patterns of prescribing behavior, such as which antimicrobials are being prescribed for which diseases. Therefore, smallholder poultry farmers from Cameroon were interviewed regarding their use of antimicrobials. In addition, poultry feed samples from the same poultry farms were screened for the detection of antimicrobials. Tissues (muscle, liver, and gizzard) from 45-day-old broilers and fresh eggs from layers were sampled and analyzed for antimicrobials. Antimicrobials were detected in poultry feed above the maximum limit for residues as well as in broiler tissues and layer eggs. The results of the interviews showed that there are shortcomings in the implementation of biosecurity measures by farmers, as well as poor use of antimicrobials, resulting in the occurrence of diseases on farms and the presence of antimicrobials in poultry feed, tissues, and eggs. Such results constitute a significant and unacceptable deviation from the dynamics of poultry production. To apply the One Health perspective to the poultry production industry in Cameroon, the current veterinary drug use practices and biosecurity measures must be revised, properly applied, and monitored for consistent use.
Thrombo-Hemorrhagic Complications in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Etiology, Pathobiology, and Therapeutic Considerations
Authors: G. Bharadwaj Alamelu , C. Okura Gillian , M. Waisman David
Published: November 2024

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are characterized by the abnormal clonal proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone marrow. The three major types of MPNs are polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Specific mutations in the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), and thrombopoietin receptor (MPL) genes are the primary drivers of the MPNs. The clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of MPNs vary depending on the type of MPN, with underlying standard features such as increased platelet activation and altered hemostasis. This imbalance contributes to the increased tendency for both thrombotic and fibrinolytic events in patients with MPN, which negatively impacts life expectancy and quality of life. This chapter will discuss the mechanisms accentuating the hypercoagulability and fibrinolytic states in MPNs. We also review the current therapies that treat the thrombosis associated with MPNs.
Enhancing Safety and Efficiency through Explainable Transfer Learning
Authors: (Sophie) Guo Yue , Sycara Katia
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the integral role of explainable transfer learning in AI, focusing on its applications across varied domains. It begins by examining the nuances of domain differences, emphasizing how understanding these disparities is vital for effective model transfer. The discussion then shifts to identifying optimal parameters for transfer, addressing the challenges of adapting models to different contexts. Finally, the chapter highlights the use of representational models in reinforcement learning, demonstrating how explainable action advising enhances learning efficiency and safety. Throughout, the chapter underscores the importance of explainability in transfer learning, showcasing its ability to facilitate domain adaptation, optimize parameter selection, and provide actionable insights, thereby ensuring more robust and reliable AI applications.
Mezi velkoměstem a Arkádií, mezi bukolikou a vesničkou střediskovou aneb Všechny cesty vedou do Říma a na venkov
Authors: Kysučan Lubor
Published: November 2024

The study deals with the urban and rural landscape phenomenon in Classical Antiquity, the migration of Greek and Roman urban elites to the countryside and the adoration and idealisation of rural life as reflected in Classical literature. Based on analysis of selected texts of Greek and Roman literature of the Classical and post-Classical periods, we analyse the reasons for this migration and try to answer the question if, and to which extent, the adoration of nature, landscape and rural life was only a superficial fashion among the high classes or an authentic aesthetic perception and way of life, based upon individual experience. The phenomenon is analysed in contrast with its modern parallels and embedded in the broader context of European culture history.
Diskontinuita paměti hor: případ Českého středohoří
Authors: Stibral Karel
Published: November 2024

The chapter deals with the memory of mountains, in particular that of the Central Bohemian Uplands (Highlands). Here, the memory was interrupted for a long time after the displacement of the German-speaking population and the mass tourism of former times has not returned here, in contrast to other mountains in Czechia, such as the Krkonoše and Šumava. The text examines two aspects of this interruption. Firstly, the discontinuity itself as typical for this region, where since the earliest times (and the terrain is one of the oldest archaeological sites in Bohemia) there have been various discontinuities, caused both by the change of cultures and by the extraction of resources, which also has a history of thousands of years or even more. Secondly, tracing the consequences of this ‘loss of memory’, especially from a contemporary perspective, the chapter tries to show that the current reduced interest in the region is due to its lesser integration into the Czech ‘national memory’, compared to how the whole area functioned as one of the centres for the German-speaking population, especially since the Romantic period.
Krásné teplo
Authors: Hollan Jan , Gaillyová Yvonna
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses three intertwined issues related to changing temperatures, behavioral adaptations and health. The first topic is concerned with extremely hot summers, and their impacts on people and vegetation. Passive indoor protection against heat waves is described, and the unhealthy practice of overly strong artificial cooling of buildings is mentioned. The second topic concerns the inhibitory effect that unhealthy high winter heating temperatures have on the creation and function of brown adipose tissue, leading to obesity. Comfortable and safe winter temperatures and humidities are discussed. Thirdly, two other causes of obesity are noted: sleep deprivation partly due to light-at-night and too appetizing animal-based food. All the recommended behavioral changes would contribute to the mitigation of global heating as well.
„Myčka? To byla těžká diskuse…“
Authors: Pelikán Vojtěch , Batista Lucie
Published: November 2024

In her texts, Hana Librová writes that a dishwasher makes up a peculiar object of family discussions in the so-called “Colourful” households, which represent a non-ideologically orientated environmentally friendly lifestyle. Through a secondary analysis of interviews from Librová’s research, complemented with data from additional research waves, we show how the technology of the dishwasher can symbolize the complexity of “voluntary simplicity”, supporting the argument Librová made in her work. In the chapter, we present a variety of households’ perspectives on the (non)ownership and (non)use of the dishwasher. Through an analysis of the deliberation of dishwasher acquisition, we look at the broader issues of linking consumerist restraint to imagination, family relationships, and values – especially the value of (slow and quality) time.
Re-invigorating the Yoruba Concept of ‘Eri-Okan’ (Conscience) as a way out of Moral Decadence among the Youths
Authors: Akanbi Deborah M.
Published: November 2024

The challenge of moral decadence among the youths in our society is a reflection of lack of adequate training in the use of the conscience. A proper use of conscience is essential to good moral judgment. In Yoruba language, the word conscience is translated as eri-okan which is a metaphysical and ethical term that the Yoruba people use as a criterion for moral deliberations and decisions. The concept is used to train young people to refrain from immoral acts and willful disobedience. In the present times, youths are faced with diverse temptations that mount pressure on their moral decisions and by reinvigorating the virtue of eri-okan, it will build them up for moral uprightness and ethical social relations. The aim of this paper is to reinvigorate the concept of eri-okan and synthesize it within the Yoruba ethics of Omoluwabi. The objective of this study is to position eri-okan as a viable concept for moral decision making and demonstrate how it will yield self-control and ethical living if the individual does not deliberately silence the voice of eri-okan. The demand for peaceful coexistence justifies the need for eri-okan in human interactions and the result is vital to human and societal wellbeing. The work argues that eri-okan facilitates good moral choices and sensitivity to reasonable human behaviour. The conclusion is that the concept is germane to helping the youths live a disciplined life and should therefore be introduced into the curriculum of ethics at the pre- tertiary level of education.