bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-World Outcomes of an Automated Physician Support System for Genome-Driven Oncology
Authors: Tao Jessica J. , Eubank Michael H. , Schram Alison M. , Cangemi Nicholas , Pamer Erika , Rosen Ezra Y. , Schultz Nikolaus , Chakravarty Debyani , Philip John , Hechtman Jaclyn F. , Harding James J. , Smyth Lillian M. , Jhaveri Komal L. , Drilon Alexander , Ladanyi Marc , Solit David B. , Zehir Ahmet , Berger Michael F. , Stetson Peter D. , Gardos Stuart M. , Hyman David M.
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE

Matching patients to investigational therapies requires new tools to support physician decision making. We designed and implemented Precision Insight Support Engine (PRECISE), an automated, just-in-time, clinical-grade informatics platform to identify and dynamically track patients on the basis of molecular and clinical criteria. Real-world use of this tool was analyzed to determine whether PRECISE facilitated enrollment to early-phase, genome-driven trials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We analyzed patients who were enrolled in genome-driven, early-phase trials using PRECISE at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center between April 2014 and January 2018. Primary end point was the proportion of enrolled patients who were successfully identified using PRECISE before enrollment. Secondary end points included time from sequencing and PRECISE identification to enrollment. Reasons for a failure to identify genomically matched patients were also explored.

RESULTS

Data were analyzed from 41 therapeutic trials led by 19 principal investigators. In total, 755 patients were accrued to these studies during the period that PRECISE was used. PRECISE successfully identified 327 patients (43%) before enrollment. Patients were diagnosed with 29 tumor types and harbored alterations in 43 oncogenes, most commonly ERBB2 (21.3%), PIK3CA (14.1%), and BRAF (8.7%). Median time from sequencing to enrollment was 163 days (interquartile range, 66 to 357 days), and from PRECISE identification to enrollment 87 days (interquartile range, 37 to 180 days). Common reasons for failing to identify patients before enrollment included accrual on the basis of molecular alterations that did not match pre-established PRECISE genomic eligibility (140 [33%] of 428) and external sequencing not available for parsing (127 [30%] of 428).

CONCLUSION

PRECISE identified 43% of all patients accrued to a diverse cohort of early-phase, genome-matched studies. Purpose-built informatics platforms represent a novel and potentially effective method for matching patients to molecularly selected studies.
Islam, Puritanism, and Secular Time
Authors: Trigg Christopher
Published: July 2019

This article reconsiders the legacy of American Puritanism in the context of the current controversy around “radical Islam.” The rise of Salafi jihadism has emboldened those who maintain that Islam is incompatible with Western secularity. Liberal responses to this claim frequently appeal to the United States’ allegedly Puritan past, suggesting that the United States is particularly well placed to deal with both radical Islamism and anti-Islamic prejudice because of the ecumenical pluralism that emerged from the colonial crucible of competing denominations. I interrogate this claim by reading liberal and conservative statements about Muslims in the contemporary United States alongside the writings of Roger Williams, whom many consider to be the father of American pluralism. I argue that the modern rhetoric of religious diversity mirrors the eschatological structure of Williams’s tenet of toleration, wherein Muslims are offered only temporary acceptance. In each case, the pluralism of the present is set off against an anticipated cultural homogeneity.
Father, Where Art Thou? Catholic Priests and Mexico's 1929Relación de Sacerdotes
Authors: Butler Matthew , Powell Kevin D.
Published: July 2019

This article studies an ecclesiastical census, the Relación de sacerdotes, that was compiled by the Secretariat of the Interior during Mexico's Cristero War in 1929. We propose that this statistical device ultimately helped the Catholic Church and the Portes Gil government to plot a way out of the religious crisis. It did so by providing a mutually acceptable means for priests to register with the postrevolutionary state and by providing a discursive mechanism for the Catholic clergy to present itself to the regime as a national, less Rome-oriented body. The Relación can therefore give historians insights into the contingent and bureaucratic ways that revolutionary and ecclesiastical elites renegotiated the contours of Mexico's secular order. The second half of the article contains an analysis of the Relación. There we argue that the Relación offers a kind of prosopographical and political snapshot of the Mexican clergy during the Cristero Rebellion.
Allegory of the Global Anglophone: Interconnectedness and Sublimity inCloud Atlas
Authors: Tsang Philip
Published: July 2019

The article situates David Mitchell's imagination of planetary interconnectedness in the historical development of global English. It argues that Cloud Atlas projects a denationalized, centrifugal vision of the world, only to entrench it in a cohesive, centripetal anglophone network through fictionalized scenes of reading. The novel assigns the English text a privileged position in fostering global connections and renders its cultural other unrepresentable in order to maintain a coherent representational system over a heterolingual world. Mitchell's imagination of a textually embedded connectivity descends from an older ideology of literature-as-mediation that originated from colonial literary education.
Proust's Genies: In Search of Lost Time and Population Biology
Authors: Walser Hannah
Published: July 2019

Whether identified as “genies,” “little men,” or simply “les moi,” a vast horde of personified mental faculties populates In Search of Lost Time, responsible for behaviors too instantaneous or too ingrained to come under conscious control. Representing automatic neural subroutines as self-interested beings allows Proust to apply the principles of biological selection to these psychological entities, imagining the mind as an ecosystem in which great personal upheavals—for instance, Marcel's loss of Albertine—figure as extinction events that wipe out large populations of narrowly specialized, slow-to-adapt “genies.” Since genies are optimized for highly specific micro-environments, the same “species” of genie may form in any two individuals who share such a micro-environment, with this indifference to the boundaries of the person making it possible for a shared genie-type to define an ad hoc social category: homosexuals, snobs, members of the Guermantes set. In this essay, I unpack Search's model of the mind as a population of simple homunculi and explore its effect on Proust's understanding of interpersonal collectives, from intellectual coteries to social classes. The construct of the genie, I suggest, not only allows Proust to suture together sub-individual and supra-individual scales of analysis but also enables a model of change—both psychological and historical—that is neither simply agentic nor simply deterministic. Rather, the shifting demographics of mental homunculi constitute a quantitative, probabilistic, and nonsychronous form of change, creating new adaptive niches while permitting the partial survival of prior forms of life.
The Queer Afterlife of Gossip
Authors: Bennett Chad
Published: July 2019

This article reveals the formative interplay between the queer art of gossip and poetic practice in James Merrill’s The Changing Light at Sandover, a sprawling verse trilogy composed with the unlikely assistance of a Ouija board. The poem’s extensive gossip with the dead is often dismissed as mere surface. Yet Merrill, the article contends, indulges in what he calls the Ouija’s “backstage gossip” both to establish a queer relationship to poetic tradition and to confront the pervasive menace of the Cold War discourse of the Lavender Scare, which haunts the trilogy’s 1950s origins. Arguing that midcentury American attitudes about sexuality inflect—productively as much as disastrously—the relationship of lyric privacy to gossipy publicity in Merrill’s poem, the article shows how gossip, in its rich afterlife in Sandover, emerges not so much as a normative threat to be overcome but as a mode of fostering and preserving nonnormative voices, converting the privacy imposed on the homosexual into the conditions for creating queer worlds. Gossip concomitantly provides Merrill with a model of poetic self-performance that at once pushes against and embraces New Critical ideals of lyric subjectivity—a way of telling one’s own scandalous story through someone else’s words, even words intended as hostile, discovering poetic and sexual pleasures where others see only anxiety and dread.
Working the Kodak Zone
Authors: De Leon Adrian
Published: July 2019

This article traces a labor history of colonial photography and the visual production of race in the Philippine Cordilleras, as well as its diasporic performances abroad. It argues that the ethnological visuality of Spanish and American imperialisms in the mountains of Northern Luzon, which produced discourses of race and indigeneity for the purposes of colonial occupation and imperial politics, amounted to various labor relations between Cordillerans in front of the camera, Americans behind and around the camera, and global audiences in European and North American fair midways. What became known variously as the “industrious savage” or the “dog-eating Igorrote” at the turn of the twentieth century crystallized in part out of workers’ assertions to fair wages, good working conditions, and collective dignity. This essay seeks to provide new labor history frameworks through critical readings of photographs, their subjects, and their larger economies of production and circulation.
Imagining Racial Equality
Authors: Quirke Carol
Published: July 2019

Local 65 United Warehouse Workers Union (1933–1987), which became District 65 United Auto Workers, promoted photography with a camera club, and a member-edited newspaper New Voices, featuring photographs taken by members. This left-led, New York City distributive industry union began in 1933 on the Lower East Side, and it became the city’s second largest local. The union utilized photography to normalize the role of African American members within the union and to advance a civil rights and anti-racism agenda. This article includes photographs taken by member-photographers, and photo-reproductions of New Voices. New Voices’ photographs included African Americans in the everyday life of the union, challenged race-based labor segmentation, supported community struggles, and defied racial norms in midcentury America.
Dostoevsky's Timely Castration
Authors: Wilson Jennifer
Published: July 2019

This article is a profile of “the skoptsy,” a Christian sect that emerged in tsarist Russia whose followers, in an effort to divest themselves from the organs of sin, practiced castration as a form of religious piety. The skoptsy believed that before the fall of Adam and Eve, men and women did not have sexual organs; that its—they did not conceive of the original man and woman as being differentiated by their genitalia. The skoptsy were also millenarians, and as such they imagined the world would be transformed following an apocalyptic reckoning. In exploring how the temporal register of the skoptsy was depicted in the novels of Dostoevsky, the author proposes that the apocalyptic religious and political movements that were developing across imperial Russia can deepen contemporary discussions about queer temporality, in that they offer a counterpoint to arguments that the future is the realm of the normative reproducing subject.
An Empirical Analysis of Training Facilities in Micro-Small-Medium Enterprises (MSME) for Self-Help Groups (SHG)
Authors: Thyagarajan Siddhartha , Nambirajan Thangasamy , Chandirasekaran Ganeshkumar
Published: July 2019

The article presents the findings from the study on the training facilities in Micro-Small-Medium Enterprises (MSME) for Self-Help Groups (SHG) in the Union Territory of Puducherry region. The research variables were adopted in accordance to the legal provisions of SHG. Primary data of 127 random sample of MSMEs was collected through a survey method using structured questionnaire. Results show that 63% of the MSME has not undertaken any training for their suppliers, while a good proportion of the companies consisting of 15.7% have provided between 1-2 trainings. The study argues that the policy maker should identify large number of economically development-oriented skills and include them in training programmes to encourage increased development of microenterprises.
Evidence of Fear in Fixed Income and Bourses: A Study on Certain G-7 Economies
Authors: Janardan Shriya
Published: July 2019

The paper aimed to predict the Fear index for certain G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany and Japan) considering the two variables Stock Price (Close) and Bond Yield(LBY). Daily data were analyzed for the period from April 2013 to June 2017. The main purpose was to identify the degree in which fear affecting the stock market percolates to Fixed Income Instruments. Using Panel Data Regression (Fixed Effect Model) the two variables were able to predict the VIX index and the model was found to be robust in nature. The major finding is that Fixed Income and stocks share a negative relationship with VIX (Fear Index).
Coupling of Currencies: An INR and USD Perspective
Authors: Barik Mayuree , Rao Aparna
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the Indian Rupees (INR) and USDollars (USD). It further tries to identify whether the volatility of exchange rates is affected by various events. Bivariate causality tests have been run on the exchange rates of INR and USD which have revealed a coupled relationship between them. Further, it was found that the magnitude of the impact on the volatility of exchange rates varies according to the nature of the event.
Research roundup
Authors: Heggs Karen
Published: July 2019

Synopses of a selection of recently published research articles of relevance to palliative care
99mTc-Hydroxydiphosphonate quantification of extracellular matrix mineralization in 3D human mesenchymal stem cell cultures
Authors: Grossner Tobias L. , Haberkorn Uwe , Gotterbarm Tobias
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Bone tissue engineering is one of the fastest growing branches in modern bioscience. New methods are being developed to achieve higher grades of mineral deposition by osteogenically inducted mesenchymal stem cells. In addition to well established monolayer cell culture models, 3D cell cultures for stem cell-based osteogenic differentiation have become increasingly attractive to promote in vivo bone formation. One of the main problems of scaffold-based osteogenic cell cultures is the difficulty in quantifying the amount of newly produced extracellular mineral deposition, as a marker for new bone formation, without destroying the scaffold. In recent studies, we were able to show that99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP), a gamma radiation-emitting radionuclide, can successfully be applied as a reliable quantitative marker for mineral deposition as this tracer binds with high affinity to newly produced hydroxyapatite (HA).

Methods

Within the present study, we evaluated whether this promising new method, using99mTc-hydroxydiphosphonate (99mTc-HDP), can be used to quantify the amount of newly formed extracellular HA in a 3D cell culture model. Highly porous collagen type II scaffolds were seeded with 1 × 106 human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs; n = 6) and cultured for 21 days in osteogenic media (group A – osteogenic (OSM) group) and in parallel in standard media (group B – negative control (CNTRL) group). After incubation with99mTc-HDP, the tracer uptake, reflected by the amount of emitted gamma counts, was measured.

Results

We saw a higher uptake (up to 15-fold) of the tracer in the OSM group A compared with the CNTRL group B. Statistical analysis of the results (Student`s t-test) revealed a significantly higher amount of emitted gamma counts in the OSM group (p = 0.048). Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis by Alizarin Red staining confirmed the presence of extracellular HA deposition in the OSM group.

Conclusion

Our data indicate that99mTc-HDP labelling is a promising tool to track and quantify non-destructive local HA deposition in 3D stem cell cultures. Cite this article: T. L. Grossner, U. Haberkorn, T. Gotterbarm.99mTc-Hydroxydiphosphonate quantification of extracellular matrix mineralization in 3D human mesenchymal stem cell cultures. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:333–341. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2017-0248.R1.
Overweight, hypertension and microalbuminuria in urban and rural Bangladeshi schoolchildren
Authors: Islam Mohammad Majharul Islam , Benzamin Mohammad , Roy Ranjit Ranjan , Mamun Abdullah Al , Ahmed Muhammad Tanvir , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Ashraf Rezwana , Karim Rezaul , Hossen Kamal , Biswas Susmita , Khatun Sufia
Published: July 2019

Background The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has increased over the last two decades due to high caloric intake and decreased physical activity. The dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight children occurred in conjunction with increasing prevalence of hypertension. Microalbuminuria is an early sign of damage to the kidney and cardiovascular system. Hypertensive, overweight children have an increased chance of microalbuminuria.

Objectives To assess the prevalence of overweight, hypertension, and microalbuminuria in urban and rural school going children and contributing risk factors and associations.

Methods This cross-sectional study was done in schoolchildren aged 6 to 16 years, from urban and rural areas, in Bangladesh, from September 2015 untill August 2016. Subjects’ weights, heights, and blood pressures (BP) were measured. Overweight and hypertension (HTN) statuses were determined with age-appropriate standardized charts. Subjects were divided into overweight and normoweight groups to evaluate risk factors for overweight such as family history (F/H) of obesity, F/H of HTN, daily physical outdoor activities, and monthly family income by comparative analysis. All overweight children were divided into hypertensive and normotensive groups in order to compare their fasting lipid profiles, urine microalbumin, serum creatinine, and random blood sugar.

Results A total of 976 schoolchildren from urban (471, 48.3%) and rural (505, 51.7%) areas were included. Overweight was observed in 22.3% of the urban group and in 8.1% of the rural group (P<0.001). Hypertension was observed in 24.7% of overweight children and in 2.5% of normal weight children (P<0.001).  Contributing risk factors for overweight were less physical outdoor activities, F/H of obesity, F/H of HTN, and higher family income (P<0.001). Microalbuminuria and random blood sugar were significantly increased in the overweight with hypertension group compared to the normotensive group (P <0.005).

Conclusion Overweight is a health problem, noted especially in urban areas. Hypertension is also significantly increased in overweight children. Factors like F/H of hypertension, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and higher socioeconomic status are significantly associated with overweight. Microalbuminuria and increased random blood sugar are also significantly higher observed in hypertensive overweight children compared to normotensive overweight children.
Risk factors for delayed speech in children aged 1-2 years
Authors: Tan Sabrina , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Wiguna Tjhin
Published: July 2019

Background Speech delay is one of the most common developmental delays in children. To minimize the negative outcomes of speech delay, risk factors should be explored to help in early patient diagnosis.

Objectives To assess for associations between delayed speech in children aged 1 to 2 years and possible risk factors including gender, gestational age, birth weight, asphyxia during birth, head circumference, anterior fontanelle closure, gross motor development, duration of breastfeeding, caregiver identity, number of siblings, exposure to gadgets and television, and social interaction.

Methods Parents of children aged 1 to 2 years who were treated at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, and Klinik Anakku, Pondok Pinang in Jakarta from January 2018 to March 2018 were interviewed. Data were processed with SPSS Statistics for Mac and analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression method.

Results Of 126 subjects, 63 children had speech delay and 63 children had normal speech development. Multivariate analysis revealed that the significant risk factors for delayed speech were delayed gross motor development (OR 9.607; 95%CI 3.403 to 27.122; P<0.001), exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months (OR 3.278; 95%CI 1.244 to 8.637; P=0.016), and exposure to gadgets and television for more than 2 hours daily (OR 8.286; 95%CI 2.555 to 26.871; P<0.001).

Conclusion Delayed gross motor development, exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months, media exposure for more than 2 hours daily, and poor social interaction are risk factors for delayed speech development in children.
Esophageal Actinomycosis Presenting as an Obstructive Esophageal Mass
Authors: Alshati Ali , Appleton Leslie , Maddux Jacob T. , Almohammedawi Mays , Dangerfield Benjamin
Published: July 2019

Esophageal actinomycosis is a rare type of esophageal infection, with only approximately 24 cases previously reported in the United States. Most of these cases were described as erosions or ulcers when examined endoscopically. We present a 47-year-old woman who presented with dysphagia. Endoscopy showed a lower esophageal fungating mass, mimicking a malignant mass. Although there was a high suspicion of esophageal carcinoma, biopsy results showed esophageal actinomyces infection.
Pengklasteran Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah berdasarkan Tenaga Kesehatan dengan Menggunakan Metode Ward dan K-Means
Authors: Lestari Sri Puji , Supandi Epha Diana , Rahayu Pipit Pratiwi
Published: July 2019

Analisis klaster merupakan suatu metode yang digunakan untuk mengelompokkan objek (kasus) ke dalam klaster (kelompok) yang relatif sama.  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengklasterkan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah berdasarkan tenaga kesehatan tahun 2015 seperti tenaga medis, tenaga keperawatan, tenaga kebidanan, tenaga kefarmasian dan tenaga kesehatan lainnya dengan menggunakan metode Ward dan K-Means. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tiga klaster terbentuk dimana metode Ward menghasilkan nilai rasio simpangan baku sebesar 0,3019% lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan nilai rasio simpangan baku pada metode K-Means yaitu 0,2974%. Pada kasus ini, metode K-Means merupakan metode yang lebih baik dibandingkan metode Ward.

[Cluster analysis is a method used to group objects (cases) into clusters (groups) that are relatively the same. The purpose of this study is to classify districts/cities in Central Java Province based on health worker in 2015 such as medical personnel, nursing staff, midwifery staff, pharmacy personnel and health workers using the Ward and K-Means methods. The results show that there are three clusters formed where the Ward method produce a standard deviation ratio of 0.3019% greater than the standard deviation ratio in the K-Means method, which is 0.2974%. In this case, the K-Means method is a better method than the Ward method.]
“Mapping-with”: The Politics of (Counter-)classification in OpenStreetMap
Authors: Wilmott Clancy
Published: July 2019

In this paper I consider how debates in critical cartography about the classificatory and calculative logics of the map might be renegotiated through the concepts of “making-kin,” “sympoesis,” and the chthonic. Between Haraway’s (2014) Staying With The Trouble and Foucault’s (2002) writings on mathesis and taxinomia in The Order of Things, I argue that a more situated understanding of mapping—as an entanglement between people, tools, landscapes, cultures—might realise a more open, and more attentive, way of mapping. I return to the popular case study, OpenStreetMap, to excavate how the use and misuse of taxonomic and mathematical logics through its collaborative and amateur affordabilities shed light on different ways of sorting-with the world. I argue that, in the unexpected emergence of proposed classifications (and despite the disciplining power of cartographic discourses), roots of a new and more inclusive cartography linger in the archive, waiting to be fertilsed.
Resurrection plants: Imperative resources in developing strategies to drought and desiccation pressure
Authors: Alam Afroz , Dwivedi Ananya , Emmanuel Iwuala
Published: July 2019

Resurrection plants are the vital assets of nature that have amazing mechanism to restrict the negative impacts of drought or desiccation stress by diminishing cell damage. These surprising plants are in minority on this planet but have the potential to serve as a powerful resource for developing new strategies for major crop plants that are unable to adapt well to the arid climate. In this review, an attempt is made to highlight the potential aspects of these resurrection plants especially the genetic engineering facet which has been done to develop drought tolerance in economically important plants.
Efecto del ejercicio preprandial sobre el metabolismo intermediario basal y postprandial en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 de nivel del mar
Authors: Garmendia Fausto , Pando Rosa , Torres William , Valqui Wuili
Published: July 2019

Introducción. Los pilares terapéuticos del control metabólico de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) son el régimen alimenticio y la actividad física. Objetivo. Estudiar el efecto del ejercicio preprandial de corta duración y ocasional sobre el metabolismo intermediario basal y postprandial en personas con DM2. Métodos. Estudio experimental, transversal, en 16 mujeres y 15 varones con DM2, de nivel del mar, de 40 a 68 años, sometidos a dos pruebas, basal (A) y a post-ejercicio preprandial (B), consistente en una caminata durante 30 minutos a 4 Km/hora en faja sin fin. En ayunas y luego de un desayuno con 730 Kcal., 55,4% de grasas, 37,2% de hidratos de carbono y 7,34% de proteínas, se midió en sangre, glucosa, colesterol total, colesterol HDL, triglicéridos, insulina y ácidos grasos no esterificados (AGNE) durante 6 horas . El colesterol VLDL, LDL NoHDL y HOMA fueron calculados. Resultados. El ejercicio determinó una disminución de las concentraciones de glucosa, insulina y AGNE en la fase postprandial. Conclusión. El ejercicio mejoró elcontrol metabólico postprandial en DM2.
Alma Ata: experiencias que validan sus propuestas 40 años después, para proyectarlas al futuro
Authors: Carbone Campoverde Fernando , Tejada de Rivero David , Sánchez Temístocles , Ormachead José , Sánchez Ignacio
Published: July 2019

Mucho se ha discutido sobre porqué después de la Conferencia Internacional de Salud de Alma Ata de 1978, no se siguió un impulso que hiciera posible su implementación y más bien la salud discurriera por corrientes no solo distintas sino opuestas en algunos casos. Si bien es cierto que esta discusión es importante para entender mejor las lecciones aprendidas en torno a la denominada atención primaria de salud (APS), evitar los errores y profundizar sus aciertos, es más importante operativizar, en el sentido que Alma Ata propuso, modelos de salud integrales e incluyentes que reflejen la justicia, la equidad, la innovación y la audacia necesarias para construir un mundo mejor, más justo, saludable, desarrollado y feliz. En las Américas hay experiencias relativamente recientes que abogan por ello, que es importante presentar inicialmente, ya que están aún en proceso de sistematización e investigación.
Prevención y manejo clínico de pre eclampsia y eclampsia: Guía de práctica clínica basada en evidencias del instituto de referencia nacional en salud materna del Perú
Authors: Guevara Ríos Enrique , Pérez Aliaga Carlos , De la Peña Meniz Walter , Limay Ríos Oscar , Meza Santibáñez1 Luis , Ching Ganoza Silvia , Rojas Aguedo Miriam , Huayanay Bernabé Marlene , Gonzales Carrillo Oswaldo , Luna Figueroa Antonio , Orihuela Salazar Jenby , Angulo Rivera Nelly , Huamán Sánchez Karen , Carmona Clavijo Gloria , Bonilla Untiveros Catherine , Castillo Villacrez Celia , Reyes Puma Nora , Caballero Ñopo Patricia
Published: July 2019

Introducción. En Perú, los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo son la segunda causa de mortalidad materna. Objetivo. La presente guía de práctica clínica basada en evidencias (GPC-BE) brinda recomendaciones para la prevención y tratamiento de la pre-eclampsia y eclampsia. Métodos. Se elaboró una GPC-BE adaptada mediante un proceso sistemático, riguroso y transparente con un grupo elaborador conformado por metodólogos y profesionales de la salud expertos en el manejo de la enfermedad. La guía cuenta con dieciséis preguntas clínicas y dieciséis recomendaciones. Se realizó la búsqueda y preselección de GPC, las mismas que fueron evaluadas mediante el instrumento “Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II” (AGREEII), para su adaptación. La búsqueda sistemática de evidencias para responder las preguntas clínicas se realizó en múltiples bases de datos: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE/Ovid, Cochrane Library, LILACS y SciELO. Las evidencias fueron seleccionadas y analizadas críticamente por pares clínicos y metodológicos; las recomendaciones fueron elaboradas mediante la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Resultados. Con la participación de un panel de expertos clínicos del Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, redes de salud y otras instituciones de referencia, se elaboraron 16 recomendaciones dirigidas a la prevención y tratamiento de mujeres gestantes en riesgo de pre-eclampsia, gestantes con pre-eclampsia, eclampsia o enfermedad hipertensiva. Conclusiones. Este artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica basada en evidencias para la prevención y tratamiento de pre-eclampsia y eclampsia en gestantes en el instituto de referencia nacional en salud materna y neonatal del Perú.
Guía de práctica clínica para el manejo de pacientes con fibrilación auricular en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)
Authors: Soto-Becerra Richard , Zafra-Tanaka Jessica Hanae , Goicochea-Lugo Sergio , Alarcón-Ruiz Christoper A. , Pacheco-Barrios Kevin , Taype-Rondan Alvaro , Guevara-Caicedo Carolina , Espinoza-Rivas Gladys , Cabrera-Saldaña Mario , Zelaya-Castro Pío , Zegarra-Carhuaz Ricardo , Urday-Ipanaqué Diana , Timaná-Ruiz Raúl
Published: July 2019

Introducción. El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el manejo de pacientes con fibrilación auricular (FA) en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo. Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el manejo de pacientes con FA en EsSalud. Métodos. Se conformó un grupo elaborador (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos. El GEG formuló 9 preguntas clínicas a ser respondidas por la presente GPC. Se realizó búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y ,cuando fue considerado pertinente, estudios primarios en Medline durante el 2017. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones, los puntos de buenas prácticas clínicas y los flujogramas de la GPC. Finalmente, la GPC fue aprobada con Resolución N° 91 – IETSI – ESSALUD – 2018. Resultados. La presente GPC abordó 9 preguntas clínicas, divididas en tres temas: prevención de eventos tromboembólicos, estrategias de control y manejo de FA en emergencias. En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 12 recomendaciones (6 recomendaciones fuertes y 6 recomendaciones condicionales), 29 puntos de buena práctica clínica, y 2 algoritmos. Conclusión. El presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para manejo de pacientes con FA en EsSalud.
Singularidad de la polar de una curva plana irreducible en K(2p,2q,2pq+d)
Authors: Hernández Iglesias Mauro Fernando
Published: July 2019

Veremos que existe un abierto de Zariski en el conjunto de curvas planas irreducibles con exponentes característicos 2p; 2q y 2q+d, dado por K(2p; 2q; 2q+d) con mcd{p,q} = 1 y d impar, donde la polar es no degenerada, su topología es constante y determinada apenas por p y q.
El problema de valor inicial para las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes en Lm(Rm)
Authors: Machaca Magdalena Huacasi
Published: July 2019

En este artículo se aborda el problema de valor inicial para las ecuaciones de Navier-Stokes en Rm (m = 2; 3;...) con condición inicial en el subespacio PLp(Rm) de Lp(Rm), caracterizado por la condición de divergencia nula. Se estudia el problema considerando su formulación integral, en donde se usa un argumento de aproximaciones sucesivas. La existencia y unicidad de la solución local es probada dependiendo de una condición de pequeñez en el tiempo de existencia. Por otro lado el resultado global es probado con una pequeñez del dato inicial.
Análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales de pacientes con rinofaringitis, asma y bronquitis en consulta externa del Hospital Santa Rosa – 2006
Authors: Zuñiga Vilca Carla Patricia , Cambillo Moyano Emma Norma
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar el tipo de patrón espacial que siguen los casos de pacientes con rinofaringitis, asma y bronquitis del año 2006 en la ciudad de Lima que fueron atendidos por el Hospital Santa Rosa. Se utilizo un análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales (AEDE) obteniendo como resultados que los casos de asma atendidos por el Hospital Santa Rosa no presentan un patrón espacial a lo largo de Lima Metropolitana (distribución no homogénea), siendo en mayor intensidad en aquellos distritos más cercanos a dicho hospital y específicamente en el Distrito de Pueblo Libre. Además, la presencia de clústeres significativos se dio en los distritos de Pueblo Libre, Breña, Jesús María, Magdalena del Mar, San Miguel y Lima.
Alteraciones anatómicas del conducto nasopalatino en pacientes dentados y desdentados en el sector anterosuperior utilizando tomografía computarizada de haz cónico
Authors: Cazar Almache Marcelo Enrique , Abril Cordero Luz Marina , Palacios Vivar Diego Esteban , Abril Cordero María Fernanda , Sibri Quizhpe Cristina Belén
Published: July 2019

Introducción: el conducto nasopalatino (CNP) es un trayecto intraóseo largo y delgado presente en la línea media anterior del maxilar, conecta el paladar con el piso de la cavidad nasal. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar las medidas del conducto nasopalatino y su forma mediante tomografía de haz cónico en pacientes dentados y pacientes desdentados en el sector anterosuperior. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo y comparativo, se tomaron del archivo del Departamento de Imagenología 150 tomografías de pacientes dentados anterosuperiores y 52 tomografías de pacientes desdentados anterosuperiores. Mediante Excel y su herramienta “aleatoria” se seleccionaron 30 tomografías de pacientes dentados y 30 tomografías de pacientes desdentados. Se midió en el plano sagital oblicuo la distancia anteroposterior del conducto nasopalatino a nivel de su tercio superior, medio e inferior. Para determinar su altura se tomó el plano axial del nivel de la bifurcación superior hasta la desembocadura palatina. La adquisición de imágenes se realizó través del software i-Dixel del equipo 3D Accuitomo 170 MORITA, sistema DICOM. Resultados: los pacientes dentados presentan alturas mayores en relación a los pacientes edéntulos. En diámetro transversal los pacientes edéntulos presentan mayor tamaño a nivel del canal del CNP. Las medidas a nivel inferior, medio y superior en las corticales del diámetro del CNP en pacientes dentados son menores en relación a los pacientes edéntulos. Conclusión: los pacientes de 40 a 70 años de ambos sexos con edentulismo anterosuperior presentaron variaciones estructurales topográficas que consisten en mayor anchura, menor longitud y mayor dimensión transversal, siendo conductos agrandados.
Factores de riesgo de la atrición dental severa: un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Astudillo Ortiz Jaime , Lafebre Carrasco Fabricio , Ortiz Segarra José
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: identificar los factores de riesgo de la atrición dental severa en pacientes que acudieron a instituciones de atención odontológica, públicas y privadas, de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: fueron analizados 237 pacientes adultos, 79 casos con atrición dental grados 2, 3 y 4, según el índice de Smith y Knight, y 158 controles con atrición grados 0 y 1. Se realizó un examen clínico y fotográfico para determinar la relación entre la atrición dental y factores como edad, sexo, procedencia, número de dientes residuales, pH salival y bruxismo. Resultados: los pacientes mayores de 25 años (OR= 2,47 IC= 1,41 – 4,35 X2= 10,21 p= 0,001), con menos de 20 dientes en boca (OR= 4,95 IC= 1,47 – 16,62 X2= 7,97 p= 0,004) y con bruxismo (OR= 2,64 IC= 1,45 – 4,81 X2= 10,49 p= 0,001) tienen más probabilidades de presentar atrición dental severa. Luego de una regresión logística binaria se confirmó dicha relación: pacientes mayores de 25 años (OR= 2,03 IC= 1,08 – 3,818) con menos de 20 dientes en boca (OR= 3,90 IC= 1,07 – 14,19) y con bruxismo (OR= 3,22 IC= 1,70 – 6,10); sin embargo, se observó una capacidad predictora muy baja de la variables ajustadas según el R–cuadrado de Cox y Snell (0,123) y el R–cuadrado de Nagelkerke (0,172). Conclusiones: edad avanzada, menor cantidad de dientes en boca y bruxismo aumentaron la posibilidad de presentar atrición dental severa en los pacientes analizados. Mientras que el sexo masculino, la procedencia rural y el pH salival crítico (menor a 6) no se comportaron como factores de riesgo
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Discovery of Learning dengan Pendekatan Sientifik untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Arab
Authors: Budiarti Meliza
Published: July 2019

Tulisan ini menghadirkan Discovery of Learning sebagai suatu metode pembelajaran bahasa Arab dan bentuk penerapannya dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Penggunaan metode tersebut berangkat dari fenomena pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang cenderung terkesan kaku dan pasif bagi siswa. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kelas dengan beberapa tahapan untuk mengukur progres motivasi dan hasil belajar bahasa Arab siswa. Berdasarkan proses penelitian yang penulis lakukan, ditemukan adanya peningkatan skor motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan metode Discovery of Learning dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Penulis mengambil kesimpulan bahwa metode Discovery of Learning dapat diaplikasikan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab guna meraih hasil pembelajaran yang maksimal dan efektif.
Realitas di Dalam Sastra Arab Ditinjau Dari Teori Sosiologi Sastra Robert Escarpit
Authors: Isya Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Sastra itu memiliki aspek al-dhakā’, al-khayāl, al-ḥas, dan al-dhawqdan terkhusus pada novel Arab memiliki qīmah fanniyah ‘aẓīmah(nilai seni yang tinggi) . Dalam hal inilah sulit mencari realitas didalam sastra Arab; apakah sastra yang tertulis murni realitasseluruhnya atau sebagian kecil saja. Demikian juga jangan-jangansastra hanya meminjam sejarah masa lalu untuk mewakili zamannyadan tujuan mengkritik sosial atau politik di zamannya. Menariknya,konsep sosiologi sastra Robert Escarpit melepaskan apakah sastra itudan pandangan sebagaimana buku pada umumnya. Atas sebab itulah,agaknya teori ini akan mempermudah para kritikus sastra mengetahuirealitas di dalam sastra yang akan dikaji.
Ulama Minangkabau dan Sastra: Mengkaji Kepengarangan Syekh Abdullatif Syakur Balai Gurah
Authors: Putra Apria
Published: July 2019

This article encompasses a study of the Sheikh Abdullatif Syakur’s authorship, particularly literary valuable essays. This study departs from the productivity of Sheikh Abdullatif in composing Arabic and Minangkabau with uslub literature. Syekh Abdullatif Syakur's works are interesting to study for several considerations, (1) high intensity in teaching Arabic and recitations of the Qur'an with various methods, (2) his proximity to the tradition of society shown by his essay in the form of nazham, (3) his tenacity in teaching and preaching, and (4) his passion for reading literary texts. Based on that, this study discusses two of Syekh Abdullatif Syakur literary works, namely the book of Khitabah and Nazham Nasehat. The authorship of Sheikh Abdullatif was influenced by several aspects, including his interest in Arabic, his desire to provide knowledge to the community, social conditions in his hometown, the productivity of his teacher in Mecca, and reading books that became his amusement.
Analisis Wacana: Meneruka Lahan Baru Penelitian Bahasa Arab di Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab FAH UIN Imam Bonjol Padang
Authors: Reflinaldi Reflinaldi
Published: July 2019

Tulisan ini mengungkapkan pentingnya pengaplikasian analisiswacana sebagai pisau bedah dalam mengkaji bahasa Arab, khususnya dijurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Arab Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora UINImam Bonjol Padang. Bertolak dari problematika yang dihadapimasyarakat di bidang informasi, analisis wacana menjadi salah satu solusiampuh dalam upaya menjernihkan masalah. Dalam konteks bahasa Arab,analisis wacana akan dapat mengurai kesimpangsiuran informasimengenai pemberitaan Timur Tengah yang dilakukan oleh media-mediadi Indonesia. Hal ini akan membuat kajian bahasa Arab lebih berdayaguna secara praktis, dari pada hanya berkutat di ranah teoretis. Fokusdengan bahasan tersebut, penulis menyajikan gambaran umum analisiswacana dan contoh aplikasinya dalam mengkaji media Arab. Hasil kajianmenunjukkan ideologi pemberitaan yang dianut oleh masing-masingmedia Arab yang menjadi corak dan orientasi pemberitaan pada mediamediatersebut.
Al-I'rab dan Problematika Semantik dalam Al-Qur'an
Authors: Hadi Syofyan
Published: July 2019

Semantic adalah komponen linguistic yang sangat komplek di dalambahasa Arab. Kompleksitas semantic Bahasa Arab tersebut misalnyaterlihat dalam kaitanya dengan persoalan pilihan kata, posisi kata dalamkalimat, hingga persoalan bunyi harkat akhir dari sebuah kata atau yangdikenal dengan i’rāb. Oleh karena itu, salah satu problematikapenterjemahan yang sangat krusial dari teks-teks yang berbahasa bahasaArab adalah bahwa tidak mungkin melakukan tarjamahan sebuah kalimattermasuk tentunya sebuah ayat dalam al-Qur’an secara tekstual atauharfiyah. Karena tejemahan secara harfiyah tidak akan mampumenampung atau bahkan akan berpotensi menghilangkan hakikat maknayang dikandung kalimat tersebut. Oleh karena itu, terjamahan maknawi(terjemahan yang bersifat semantic) adalah pola tarjamahan yang palingmungkin dan paling tepat terhadap sebuah kalimat dalam bahasa Arab.Sehingga makna yang dikandung oleh kalimat tersebut bisa disampaikandan dipahami oleh lawan bicara, pendengar atau pembaca secara baik danbenar sesuai makna yang dimaksud dan diinginkan oleh pembicara.
As You Write, It Helps You Listen: An Experiment in TOEFL Preparation Class
Authors: Ismail Nyak Mutia , Zalha Fera Busfina
Published: July 2019

This study aims to test whether using the technique named keeping-journals during the TOEFL preparation class is beneficial for the listening section part A of the test. The quantitative pretest-posttest method used in this study involves single-group design consisting of 36 fifth semester college students at Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia. The result is considered essential since, practically, TOEFL tutors need to bring TOEFL learners to keep track on their learning rate on their own; hopefully, the result can best suit the theoretical gap since there have been only few experimental studies conducted on Listening Section of TOEFL through journal-keeping. The findings approved that the Ha is accepted for the tvalue is 1.90 (df 34, α=0.05, -2.02 ≤ t ≥ 2.02 ). It is also significant for the sigvalue is 0.7 (sigvalue ≥ α=0.05). In conclusion, the technique does help the learners in tackling problems they face in Listening section on TOEFL part A as it enhances their listening performance, attitude, and motivation.
The Utilization of Project Based Learning and Guided Discovery Learning: Effective Methods to Improve Students’ Mathematics Ability
Authors: Supriadi Nanang , Syazali Muhamad , Lestari Bella Dwi , Dewi Eva Sima , Utami Lintang Fitra , Mardani Lingga Afriansyah , Putra Fredi Ganda
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any difference between students’ mathematical representation ability who were taught by using the learning model of Project Based Learning with students who were taught by Guided Discovery Learning; there is any difference in the students' mathematical representation ability based on high, medium, or low learning motivation categories, and there is an interaction between the learning model and the learning motivation toward mathematical representation ability. A quasi experiment was used with 2x3 factorial designs. Instrument used to collect data was mathematics test and learning motivation questionnaire. The hypothesis testing used two way analysis of variance with unequal cell. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the students' mathematics ability that was taught by using Project Based Learning model with students who were taught by sing Guided Discovery Learning model; there is a difference in the students’mathematical representation ability based on high, medium, or low learning motivation; and there is an interaction between the learning model and the learning motivation on the mathematics ability.
Educational Activity in Islamic Education: Evaluation of Hadith Course for First Intermediate Grade in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Qahtani Salem Ali , Jamil Asyraf Isyraqi , Kadir Fakhrul Adabi Abdul
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research is to determine how far the general objectives of teaching the subject of Hadith for the first intermediate grade have been achieved. The main question of this study is how adequate the educational activities in achieving the general objectives of teaching the subject of Hadith for the first intermediate grade. The study has used analytical descriptive approach to answer the questions of research. The tool of research is an analysis card which contains 52 educational activities; the sample of research. The study came to results which are: 1) the criteria laid down for the study were highly verified and the average was (3.50), 2) achieving the axis of the study that represented the tool was arranged by the criteria related to the form of knowledge which highly verified and the average was (3.87) and the criteria related to the general objectives of teaching the subject of Hadith which highly verified and the average was (3.43), and 3) The criteria related to the activities and their general ways were highly verified and the average was (3.13). Some of the most important recommendations of the study are to increase the quorum of Hadith to two classes per week, to care of educating students about the concept of activity and the difference between it and the content and the benefit of each of them to students, in a language that can be understood simply by the students, to differentiate between activities of male students and female students after uniting the content which is better that the activities become to each sex according to what is suitable to nature and characteristic, and to form special committees or appointing educational supervisors whose first task is to follow up educational activities in the Islamic religious courses, and evaluating them, and then help the teacher and students to pass everything can be difficult to achieve these activities.