bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Xiphoidectomy for xiphoid process-induced pain in a surfer
Authors: Sano Atsushi , Inui Masato
Published: June 2015

A 53-year-old man who had been surfing for more than 30 years was referred to our hospital with upper abdominal wall pain. Computed tomography showed that his xiphoid process was protruding forward and the overlying skin was thickened. We diagnosed chronic abdominal wall pain due to repeated compression between the surfboard and his xiphoid process. To relieve the pain, we performed a xiphoidectomy. The pain resolved after surgery and he resumed surfing 26 days postoperatively. Xiphoidectomy is effective for treating xiphoid process-induced pain in surfers.
Effects of Remnant Tissue Preservation on Clinical and Arthroscopic Results After Anatomic Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kondo Eiji , Yasuda Kazunori , Onodera Jun , Kawaguchi Yasuyuki , Kitamura Nobuto
Published: June 2015

Background:

Clinical utility of remnant tissue preservation after single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has not been established. In addition, no studies have evaluated the clinical utility of remnant preservation after anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction.

Hypothesis:

The study hypotheses were as follows: (1) Subjective and functional clinical results may be comparable between anatomic double-bundle reconstructions that preserve the remnant tissue and those that resect the remnant tissue, (2) postoperative knee stability and the second-look arthroscopic evaluation may be significantly more favorable with the remnant-preserving reconstruction, and (3) the degree of the initial graft coverage may significantly affect postoperative knee stability.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

A total of 179 patients underwent anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction. Based on the Crain classification of ACL remnant tissue, 81 patients underwent the remnant-preserving procedure (group P) and the remaining 98 patients underwent the remnant-resecting procedure (group R). There were no differences between the 2 groups concerning all background factors, including preoperative knee instability and intraoperative tunnel positions. The patients were followed for 2 years or more.

Results:

The subjective and functional clinical results were comparable between the 2 reconstruction procedures. Side-to-side anterior laxity was significantly less ( P = .0277) in group P (0.9 mm) than in group R (1.5 mm). The pivot-shift test was negative in 89% of group P and 78% of group R patients; the result for group R was significantly lower ( P = .0460). In the arthroscopic observations, results for group P were significantly better than for group R concerning postoperative laceration and fibrous tissue coverage of the grafts ( P = .0479).

Conclusion:

Remnant preservation in anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction did not significantly improve subjective and functional results in the short-term evaluation, but it significantly improved postoperative knee stability. The degree of initial graft coverage significantly affected postoperative knee stability.
My-Bookstore
Authors: Chien Tzu-Chao , Chen Zhi-Hong , Ko Hwa-Wei , Ku Yu-Min , Chan Tak-Wai
Published: June 2015

This paper describes a learning system, named My-Bookstore, where students buy (make records of) books (paper books) which they have read, and then sell (recommend) the books they like to others. This system is designed to encourage elementary students' classroom reading and book recommendation. The long-term influence of the My-Bookstore system on students' reading in terms of word usage and perception among 204 first-grade students who had used the system for three semesters was investigated. The results indicated that (a) the students borrowed a large number of books and were willing to recommend their favorite books in My-Bookstore; (b) most of the students felt that the overall use experience of the My-Bookstore was attractive, and the goal of the game was relevant to their reading. They also had confidence in recommending books and felt satisfaction when other students accepted their recommendations.
Risk of Cognitive and Functional Impairment in Spouses of People With Dementia
Authors: Pertl Maria M. , Lawlor Brian A. , Robertson Ian H. , Walsh Cathal , Brennan Sabina
Published: June 2015

Caring for a spouse with dementia is a chronic stressor that may compromise caregivers’ own cognitive functioning and capacity to provide adequate care. We examined whether having (i) a spouse with dementia and (ii) a spouse who requires assistance with activities of daily living predicted cognitive and functional impairments in respondents to the Health and Retirement Study (n = 7965). Respondents who had a spouse who requires care had poorer cognitive functioning, whereby this relationship was significantly stronger for male respondents. Having a spouse with dementia moderated the relationship between income and cognition and predicted caregiver functional impairment, though not when depression was controlled. Although we found no significant differences on any individual cognitive domains between 179 dementia caregivers and sociodemographically matched noncaregivers, our findings suggest that caregivers, especially men, and low-income individuals who have a spouse with dementia are more vulnerable to adverse cognitive outcomes. Targeting depression in spouses of people with dementia may help to prevent functional impairments.
Using shape memory alloys for improving automotive fan blade performance: experimental and computational fluid dynamics analysis
Authors: Suman Alessio , Fortini Annalisa , Aldi Nicola , Pinelli Michele , Merlin Mattia
Published: June 2015

In recent years, a considerable effort has been devoted towards the application of advanced techniques for turbomachinery efficient fluid dynamic control during operations. A novel strategy to dynamically modify and optimize the performance during operations takes advantage of shape memory alloys properties. Experimental and numerical analyses on a morphing polymeric blade for an automotive axial fan are presented. The blade shape change was achieved by shape memory alloys strips, thermomechanically treated, embedded in the blade and thermally activated by hot air stream flow. Measurement of fluid temperature, blade surface temperature pattern and three-dimensional shape change of the blade during activation was performed by means of an innovative image analysis technique in a purpose-built wind tunnel. Computational fluid dynamics numerical simulations were performed to study performance variations and three-dimensional fluid dynamic behavior of the fan originated from the shape memory effect.
Parental Responsibility and Respondent Anger, Sympathy, and Willingness to Help Following Child Death
Authors: Umphrey Laura R. , Sherblom John C. , Pocknell Victoria
Published: June 2015

Relationships among attributions of responsibility, emotions of anger and sympathy, and willingness to help have been theorized, but questions about the relationship between anger and sympathy remain unclear. The present study examines 306 responses to news stories that manipulated attributions of parental responsibility following the accidental death of a child. Results confirm that attributions of responsibility increase expressions of anger and reduce sympathy and willingness to help. Respondents who express more anger show less sympathy, but anger only indirectly affects the willingness to help. Respondents who attribute less responsibility to parents express greater sympathy and more willingness to help.
Daily weight monitoring as a method of weight gain prevention in healthy weight and overweight young adult women
Authors: Katterman Shawn N , Butryn Meghan L , Hood Megan M , Lowe Michael R
Published: June 2015

Experimental research is needed to examine whether weight monitoring impacts weight and whether it has unintended harmful effects. This study randomly assigned 49 first-year university women (body mass index: 20–30 kg/m2) to daily weight monitoring or a control condition and measured weight, mood, body dissatisfaction, and unhealthy weight control behaviors at baseline and 8 weeks, and weight at 20-week follow-up. No harmful effects of daily weighing were detected; acceptability and adherence were high. Weight monitoring did not impact weight; both groups showed little weight gain. Results suggest that weight monitoring has minimal harmful effects and may be useful for preventing weight gain.
“Say let it be spared from eyes for a ware cannot survive eyes:” Personification of pots among Oromo of Wallagga, Ethiopia
Authors: Wayessa Bula Sirika
Published: June 2015

In most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, the traditional manner of pottery-making persists, with pottery production connected to a series of other daily activities. The Wallagga region of the southwestern Ethiopian highlands, in particular, sees traditional pottery widely practiced and exclusively in the domain of women. In this society, pottery-making and the use of pottery vessels are informed and constrained by deeply-rooted metaphoric meanings connected to the technological practices. Pots are metaphorically associated with persons and the stages they pass through: youth, adulthood, old age, and death. More specifically, a wet pot metaphorically represents a baby, pots in use are associated with adults and damaged pots are linked to a deceased person.
Modeling the efficiency and heat gain of a phase change material cooling vest: The effect of ambient temperature and outer isolation
Authors: Mokhtari Yazdi M , Sheikhzadeh M , Dabirzadeh A , Chavoshi E
Published: June 2015

Cooling garments containing phase change materials are one of the practical techniques used for improving thermal comfort and worker’s performance in hot environments and under protective clothing. Such garments absorb the body's excessive heat and help the body reach thermal comfort situation by reducing the heat content of the body. The amount of heat absorbed by the phase change materials and the efficiency of the cooling garment can be affected by several parameters. This study uses a software modeling to investigate the effect of different factors such as ambient temperature, the use of protective clothing over the cooling garment, and the type of phase change material bags coating on the efficiency of the cooling garment. The results showed that temperature of the environment in which the cooling garment is used could largely affect the cooling efficiency of such garments. Increasing the ambient temperature from 30 to 40℃ can reduce the cooling efficiency of the garment up to 70%. Also, the use of cooling garment under protective clothing was simulated in this paper as a practical way to improve the thermal situation of the body. It was also shown that insulating the outer surfaces of phase change material bags against the surrounding environment could enhance the cooling power of the garment by 20 to 34% depending on the type of the coverings.
Surveys of Cancer Patients and Cancer Health Care Providers Regarding Complementary Therapy Use, Communication, and Information Needs
Authors: King Ngaire , Balneaves Lynda G. , Levin Gregory T. , Nguyen Thao , Nation Jill G. , Card Cynthia , Truant Tracy , Carlson Linda E.
Published: June 2015

Background. Complementary therapies (CTs) are increasingly utilized by cancer patients. Nonetheless, patients report insufficient support from health care practitioners (HCPs) and there is a general lack of patient-practitioner communication about CT use. Best care practices suggest that HCPs should address the needs of patients, including CT use. This study examined current practices of patients and HCPs as well as their interactions relating to CTs. Methods. A total of 481 cancer outpatients and 100 HCPs completed questionnaires. Patient questions addressed CT use and information needs; HCP questions addressed knowledge, opinions and beliefs about complementary and alternative medicine. Patient-practitioner communication around CT was also examined. Results. 47% of patients reported using CTs since diagnosis. Many commenced CT use to improve quality of life (65%) based on recommendations from family or friends. Patients acknowledged the need for trusted sources of information and would attend a hospital-based education program (72%). HCPs reported limited training about CTs but most (90%) expressed interested in receiving more training. The majority of HCPs (>80%) reported limited knowledge about the role of CTs in cancer care or evidence to support CT use. Questions about communication and interactions revealed that 80% of patients reported not having had an HCP speak to them about CTs. However, 63% of HCPs reported addressing CT use. Conclusion. Results demonstrate a need for improved CT education and training for patients and HCPs. increasing HCP knowledge and clinical skills will ensure patients’ information needs about CTs are acknowledged and attended to, thereby providing safer and comprehensive cancer care.
Do Different Training Conditions Facilitate Team Implementation? A Quasi-Experimental Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Nielsen Karina , Randall Raymond , Christensen Karl B.
Published: June 2015

A mixed methods approach was applied to examine the effects of a naturally occurring teamwork intervention supported with training. The first objective was to integrate qualitative process evaluation and quantitative effect evaluation to examine how and why the training influence intervention outcomes. The intervention ( N = 328) was supplemented with four training conditions (no training, team member training, team leader training, and a combination of training types). The second objective was to examine whether different training conditions support team member training in isolation, but not in combination, led to positive outcomes. The integrated analysis of qualitative and quantitative data indicated that a number of contextual factors interacted with training experiences and outcomes to influence the success of team intervention.
The role of AST-120 and protein-bound uremic toxins in irritable bowel syndrome: a therapeutic perspective
Authors: Mosińska Paula , Storr Martin , Fichna Jakub
Published: June 2015

AST-120 (kremezin) exhibits its favourable effects in reducing the levels of renal toxins by selective adsorption of low molecular weight substances from the intestinal lumen. So far, a vast majority of studies were focused on the role of AST-120 in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular disorders, and positive therapeutic effects of the agent have already been confirmed in clinical conditions. Up to the present, there are only a few studies regarding the role of AST-120 in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Compelling data suggest the ability of the compound to adsorb protein-bound uremic toxins and mast cell derived mediators and to modulate the farnesoid X receptor, which is a bile acid sensor indispensable for maintaining homeostasis in the intestine.

In this review we focus on the actions of AST-120 on intestinal permeability, reduction of visceral sensitivity and alteration of gut motility. We also discuss whether AST-120 can mitigate common IBS symptoms, such as abdominal pain, bloating and malfunction of the colonic transit and thus improve the quality of life of patients with IBS.
Estimates of Enhanced Outcomes in Employment, Income, Health, and Volunteerism for The Association of Boarding Schools Member School Graduates
Authors: Steel Allison , Erhardt Robert , Phelps Richard , Upham Peter
Published: June 2015

We analyzed data from 65 schools that are U.S. members of The Association of Boarding Schools (TABS) to estimate how TABS member school graduates who enter college compare with college entrants from non-boarding schools on several long-term quality-of-life estimates. Although TABS students are more likely to graduate college than the population of college-bound U.S. high school students as a whole, they are also more likely to come from households with higher education and income levels. We statistically removed some of this advantage using proxy data from the U.S. Census Bureau. After this adjustment, TABS students still remain more likely to graduate college. We use the increased likelihood of holding a bachelor’s degree to project increased estimates in earnings, health, volunteering, and other life outcomes.
A Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Glucose Test Strip System for Resource-Poor Settings
Authors: Gainey Wilson Kayla , Ovington Patrick , Dean Delphine
Published: June 2015

Background:

The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in low-resource settings; however, accessing glucose monitoring is extremely difficult and expensive in these regions. Work is being done to address the multitude of issues surrounding diabetes care in low-resource settings, but an affordable glucose monitoring solution has yet to be presented. An inkjet-printed test strip solution is being proposed as a solution to this problem.

Methods:

The use of a standard inkjet printer is being proposed as a manufacturing method for low-cost glucose monitoring test strips. The printer cartridges are filled with enzyme and dye solutions that are printed onto filter paper. The result is a colorimetric strip that turns a blue/green color in the presence of blood glucose.

Results:

Using a light-based spectroscopic reading, the strips show a linear color change with an R2 = .99 using glucose standards and an R2 = .93 with bovine blood. Initial testing with bovine blood indicates that the strip accuracy is comparable to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 15197 for glucose testing in the 0-350 mg/dL range. However, further testing with human blood will be required to confirm this. A visible color gradient was observed with both the glucose standard and bovine blood experiment, which could be used as a visual indicator in cases where an electronic glucose meter was unavailable.

Conclusions:

These results indicate that an inkjet-printed filter paper test strip is a feasible method for monitoring blood glucose levels. The use of inkjet printers would allow for local manufacturing to increase supply in remote regions. This system has the potential to address the dire need for glucose monitoring in low-resource settings.
The contemporary management of primary urethral carcinoma
Authors: Blick Christopher , Sahdev Varun , Mitra Anita , Nigam Raj , Muneer Asif
Published: June 2015

Primary urethral cancer is a rare malignancy; the most common histological subtype is squamous cell carcinoma. The aetiology of this cancer is similar to penile cancer and the human papilloma virus (HPV) is thought to be an important factor in tumourigenesis. Surgery with or without chemoradiotherapy is the accepted treatment for primary urethral cancer. Current practice supports penile-sparing surgery, to maximise functional and psychological outcomes. We have reviewed the literature to summarise the pathogenesis and management of primary urethral cancer.
Sunitinib therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A urologist’s perspective
Authors: Darrad M , Wilson R
Published: June 2015

Objective:

Sunitinib is seldom initiated and managed by urologists, and patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma are often referred to geographically distant centres. We present the outcomes of patients on sunitinib therapy in a single-centre urological department. To the best of our knowledge, we provide one of the only urology-led services for these patients in the United Kingdom.

Method:

Between August 2009 and January 2013, an unselected group of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving sunitinib therapy were analysed. Twenty-eight patients (20 males, eight females) with an average age of 64.8 years were included in our study.

Results:

Patients were seen on average 10.8 days following MDT and were given fortnightly appointments to monitor progress. There were 176 cycles of sunitinib delivered. A total of 39.3% patients required at least one dose reduction. The commonest adverse events were diarrhoea (71%), mucositis (46%) and hand-foot syndrome (36%). Partial response and stable disease were observed in 27.1% and 45.8% of patients, respectively. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 8.6 months and 15.2 months, respectively. Compared to the literature, there were lower rates of haematological adverse events in our study; however, PFS and OS, response rates and dose reductions were comparable.

Conclusions:

This study highlights that such patients can be safely and effectively managed in a local hospital setting with a dedicated urological team, allowing for better continuity of care.
The Effect of Health Literacy on Medication Knowledge and Medication Discrepancy in Chinese Americans
Authors: Qin WeiWei , Yu Pearl S. , Chen Jessica J. , Mehta Gita , Kuo Grace M.
Published: June 2015

Background. Functional health literacy (FHL) is increasingly recognized as a useful predictor of health outcomes in different populations. However, the effect of FHL on medication knowledge and medication discrepancy in Chinese Americans is not well defined. Objectives. To examine the effects of FHL on medication knowledge and medication discrepancy in Chinese American patients. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at an academic internal medicine clinic. The Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults was used to assess participants’ FHL. Data for patients’ demographic information, medication knowledge, and medication discrepancy (direction discrepancy and name discrepancy) were collected through patient interviews and chart reviews. The primary outcome was medication knowledge of purpose and the secondary outcomes included medication direction discrepancy and medication name discrepancy. Results. Of the 158 Chinese American patients who participated in the study, 54% had adequate FHL. More participants with adequate FHL had correct medication knowledge compared to participants with inadequate FHL (87% vs 56%, respectively, odds ratio = 3.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-9.7). Fewer participants with adequate FHL had medication direction discrepancy compared to those with inadequate FHL (42% vs 62%, odds ratio = 0.18, 95% confidence interval = 0.06-0.55). Both adequate and inadequate FHL groups had high prevalence of medication name discrepancy (77% vs 89%) even though the between-group difference was insignificant. Conclusions. Adequate FHL among Chinese American patients is significantly associated with increased medication knowledge of purpose and decreased medication direction discrepancy. Both adequate and inadequate FHL groups had high prevalence of medication name discrepancy.
Secondary findings and carrier test frequencies in a large multiethnic sample
Authors: Gambin Tomasz , Jhangiani Shalini N. , Below Jennifer E. , Campbell Ian M. , Wiszniewski Wojciech , Muzny Donna M. , Staples Jeffrey , Morrison Alanna C. , Bainbridge Matthew N. , Penney Samantha , McGuire Amy L. , Gibbs Richard A. , Lupski James R. , Boerwinkle Eric
Published: June 2015

Background

Besides its growing importance in clinical diagnostics and understanding the genetic basis of Mendelian and complex diseases, whole exome sequencing (WES) is a rich source of additional information of potential clinical utility for physicians, patients and their families. We analyzed the frequency and nature of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) considered secondary findings and recessive disease allele carrier status in the exomes of 8554 individuals from a large, randomly sampled cohort study and 2514 patients from a study of presumed Mendelian disease having undergone WES.

Methods

We used the same sequencing platform and data processing pipeline to analyze all samples and characterized the distributions of reported pathogenic (ClinVar, Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)) and predicted deleterious variants in the pre-specified American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) secondary findings and recessive disease genes in different ethnic groups.

Results

In the 56 ACMG secondary findings genes, the average number of predicted deleterious variants per individual was 0.74, and the mean number of ClinVar reported pathogenic variants was 0.06. We observed an average of 10 deleterious and 0.78 ClinVar reported pathogenic variants per individual in 1423 autosomal recessive disease genes. By repeatedly sampling pairs of exomes, 0.5 % of the randomly generated couples were at 25 % risk of having an affected offspring for an autosomal recessive disorder based on the ClinVar variants.

Conclusions

By investigating reported pathogenic and novel, predicted deleterious variants we estimated the lower and upper limits of the population fraction for which exome sequencing may reveal additional medically relevant information. We suggest that the observed wide range for the lower and upper limits of these frequency numbers will be gradually reduced due to improvement in classification databases and prediction algorithms.
Distinct mechanisms controlling rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts
Authors: Wang Peter T. C. , Garcin Pierre O. , Fu Min , Masoudi Matthew , St-Pierre Pascal , Panté Nelly , Nabi Ivan R.
Published: June 2015

Gp78, an ERAD-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase, localizes to mitochondria-associated ER and targets the mitofusin (Mfn1/Mfn2) mitochondrial fusion proteins for degradation. Gp78 is also the cell surface receptor for autocrine motility factor (AMF) that prevents Gp78-dependent mitofusin degradation. Gp78 ubiquitin ligase activity promotes ER-mitochondria association and ER-mitochondria calcium coupling, processes that are reversed by AMF. Electron microscopy of HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cancer cells identified both smooth (∼8 nm) and wider (∼50-60 nm) rough ER-mitochondria contacts. Gp78 shRNA knockdown and AMF treatment selectively reduced the extent of rough ER-mitochondria contacts without impacting smooth ER-mitochondria contacts. Concomitant siRNA knockdown of Mfn1 increased smooth ER-mitochondria contacts in both control and shGp78 cells while knockdown of Mfn2 increased rough ER-mitochondria contacts selectively in shGp78 HT-1080 cells. The mitofusins therefore inhibit ER-mitochondria interaction. Regulation of close ER-mitochondria contacts by Mfn1 and of rough ER-mitochondria contacts by AMF-sensitive Gp78 degradation of Mfn2 define novel mechanisms that regulate ER-mitochondria interactions.
Study of Washability Characteristics of Coals from Seam-IX of Jamadoba Colliery of the Jharia Basin, India
Authors: Singh Alok K. , Banerjee P. K. , Singh Prakash K , Das Arijit
Published: June 2015

The present paper entails the results of investigations carried out on the coals of Seam-IX from Jamadoba colliery, Jharia basin to know their washability characteristics. The coal samples have been subjected to liberation study, sink-float tests, froth-floatation study and alternative process to obtain maximum clean coal fractions. To understand the nature of mineral matter occurrence, petro-chemical characteristics have also been studied. It is observed that −3 mm top-size fraction has a relatively better potentiality to produce clean coal compared to any other top-size fractions (−20, −15 and −10 mm). However, the crushing of ROM coal to fine size is more power consuming and will also generate more fines (−0.5 mm). This would require modification in the washing practices. This would eventually increase the cost of coal washing. The coal particles free from any mineral contamination is seen maximum (14.28%) in −3 mm top-size fraction and also the dispersed mineral matter is less in this (−3 mm) top-size fraction and the beneficiation is relatively easy. The optimum result of floatation is achieved at high dose of collector and medium dose of frother. Through petrographic study a substantial decrease in the mineral matter content is noticed from 29.2% in the raw coal sample to 8.2% in the washed coal. Similarly a concomitant fall in the ash yield was also recorded from 38.48% in the raw coal to 15.27% in the washed coal.
H∞ Control of a Building Structure with Time-Varying Delay
Authors: Liu Kun , Chen Longxiang , Cai Guoping
Published: June 2015

In this paper, a H∞ controller for a building structure with time-varying delay is studied. A matrix inequality used for stability analysis is proposed, an H∞ controller is designed based on the matrix inequality and by using the parameter-adjusting method. Three control cases are discussed detailly by transforming the problem into parameters optimization: (i) allowable time delay with known controller; (ii) controller design with known maximum time delay; (iii) the biggest allowable time delay to maintain system stability with unknown controller. Numerical simulations are also given to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed methods in this paper.
Structural Behaviour of Composite Members with Recycled Aggregate Concrete — An Overview
Authors: Li Wengui , Xiao Jianzhuang , Shi Caijun , Poon Chi Sun
Published: June 2015

A series of investigations on structural behaviour, durability, fire-resistance and seismic performance of composite members with recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) have been carried out in the past 10 years (2005–2014). This paper is consisted of three parts: the first part introduces and discusses the research progress in regard to the structural behaviour of RAC filled steel tubular columns and beams; the second part concentrates on the structural behaviour of steel-reinforced RAC members, including columns, beams, shear walls and slabs; and the third part focuses on the long-term performance of composite members with RAC, involving fire resistance, durability and seismic performance. It seems that RAC composite members with different replacement ratios of recycled coarse aggregate have slightly lower or similar structural behaviour compared to that of normal concrete composite members. Review results reveal that it is feasible to apply steel-RAC composite members as structural applications. This intensive review provides a reasonable knowledge of the structural behaviour of steel-RAC composite members, and recommends further investigations on the failure mechanics and durability of steel-RAC composite members which are needed to promote safe and economic application in the future.
Performance optimization of gas refineries by ANN and DEA based on financial and operational factors
Authors: Azadeh A. , Roohani A. , Haghighi S. Motevali
Published: June 2015

This study presents a combined artificial neural network (ANN) and multivariate approach for performance evaluation and optimization of gas refineries. This study introduces standard financial and non-financial indicators for performance evaluation of the gas refineries. Data are collected from gas balance sheets and the detailed statistics of gas refineries. Two cases have been considered for performance evaluation. In the first case the financial indicators and in the second case the financial and non-financial indicators are used and tested over five years period. The refineries are evaluated by data envelopment analysis (DEA), principal component analysis (PCA), numerical taxonomy and artificial neural network (ANN). Finally, a complete sensitivity analysis is performed for each stated method. The results show that DEA is more resistant to noise than other methods. Also, there is slight difference between results of financial and combined financial and operational indicators. This suggests the use of combined financial and operational indicators for future practical studies in gas refineries. This is the first study that presents an integrated approach for combined performance of financial and operational indicators in gas refineries.
A multi-period joint energy scheduling algorithm in smart home based on prediction of the residents energy consumption
Authors: Zhao Jijun , Gao Siyuan , Ren Danping , Li Zhihua , Xue Liang
Published: June 2015

In this paper, considering a tradeoff between consumers comfort and energy efficiency, a multi-period joint energy scheduling algorithm (MPJ-ESA) based on prediction of residents energy consumption is proposed, which includes long-period preliminary sch eduling, short-period preliminary scheduling, and real-time fine-tuning scheduling. First, by analyzing historical data of energy consumption, preferred usage profile of consumers is inferred, and the dynamic comfort level is presented. Then the paper uses the wavelet neural networks (WNNs) prediction algorithm to predict the operation of the appliances which are classified into appliances with unschedulable mode and schedulable mode. Based on the energy consumption prediction and dynamic comfort level, home appliances running state are scheduled according to the prediction of renewable energy available amount and real-time pricing (RTP). The simulation results show that scheduling algorithm effectively improves the energy efficiency and enhances user satisfaction with the operation of scheduled appliances and let the consumers comfort and energy efficiency achieve a better tradeoff.
Sandstone bodies sedimentary characteristics of Shanxi formation, at Chengjiazhuang section in Liulin, Shanxi province, China
Authors: Jin Chao , Liu LangTao , Hao GuoQiang , Cao Kuo
Published: June 2015

Sedimentary facies type of the Shanxi Formation in northeastern Ordos Basin is an ongoing debate. Based on field measurements, sample collection and identification, and laboratory analysis, we systematically evaluated the sedimentary characteristics of the sandstone bodies of Shanxi Formation of Chengjiazhuang section in Liulin. Analysis included identifying sample composition, grain size, texture, sedimentary structure and spatial distribution. We came to the conclusion that the sedimentary environment of Shanxi Formation is deltaic. This deltaic environment included deltaic front and deltaic plain. It can be further divided into five sedimentary microfacies: subfluvial distributary channel, subfluvial distributary interchannel, distributary channel, levee, and peat bog. And lastly, the evolution of sedimentary environment of Shanxi Formation is discussed.
Parameterized modeling of high-water filling station for mining based on SolidWorks
Authors: Wang Guimei , Zhang Jiahao
Published: June 2015

This paper discusses the use of three-dimensional mapping software SolidWorks as a platform to build a parametric model of coal mine filling equipment and a model library of the equipment. The Solidworks software is used to create a near-realistic virtual environment to simulate and analyze the process of building a high-water filling station. In this way, designers can detect potential design flaws early and then optimize the design as much as possible before actual construction.
Exploiting Intellectual Capital for Economic Renewal
Authors: Santos-Rodrigues Helena , Gupta Praveen , Carlson Robert
Published: June 2015

This study proposes a model to analyze the relationship between leadership, intellectual capital (human, structural, and relational), and their contribution to economic renewal. The study contributes to the literature and higher education institution (HEI) management, by examining empirically and in greater depth, the antecedents and determinants of this problem. This study applies variance-based structural equation modeling, using partial least square on a sample of 195 academics from 52 countries. The results show that leadership has a positive and direct impact on human, structural, and relational capital, and that human capital has positive and direct impact on the structural and relational capital of the studied HEIs. Hence, we found that only the structural and relational capital of the HEIs have positive and direct impact on the contribution to economic renewal.
The Collapse Behaviour of Cold-formed Steel Portal Frames at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Johnston Ross P. D. , Sonebi Mohammed , Lim James B. P. , Armstrong Cecil G. , Wrzesien Andrzej M. , Abdelal Gasser , Hu Ying
Published: June 2015

This paper describes the results of non-linear elasto-plastic implicit dynamic finite element analyses that are used to predict the collapse behaviour of cold-formed steel portal frames at elevated temperatures. The collapse behaviour of a simple rigid-jointed beam idealisation and a more accurate semi-rigid jointed shell element idealisation are compared for two different fire scenarios. For the case of the shell element idealisation, the semi-rigidity of the cold-formed steel joints is explicitly taken into account through modelling of the bolt-hole elongation stiffness. In addition, the shell element idealisation is able to capture buckling of the cold-formed steel sections in the vicinity of the joints. The shell element idealisation is validated at ambient temperature against the results of full-scale tests reported in the literature. The behaviour at elevated temperatures is then considered for both the semi-rigid jointed shell and rigid-jointed beam idealisations. The inclusion of accurate joint rigidity and geometric non-linearity (second order analysis) are shown to affect the collapse behaviour at elevated temperatures. For each fire scenario considered, the importance of base fixity in preventing an undesirable outwards collapse mechanism is demonstrated. The results demonstrate that joint rigidity and varying fire scenarios should be considered in order to allow for conservative design.
Experimental Investigation on Monolithic Tempered Glass Window Responses to Blast Loads
Authors: Zhang Xihong , Hao Hong , Wang Zhongqi
Published: June 2015

Monolithic glass is one of the most commonly and widely used materials for structural glazing in buildings. Due to its relatively low strength and brittle nature, monolithic glass window is often the most fragile part of a structure when subjected to air blast wave. The breakage of glass window under explosion always leads to enormous injuries and fatalities as a result of ejecting glass sharps flying at high speed towards people in the occupied area. For better protection of building occupants, it is necessary to fully understand monolithic glass responses under blast pressure. In this study, a series of full-scale field blasting tests were carried out to investigate monolithic glass window responses to blast loads. Typical windows with tempered glass panels and steel strip boundaries were mounted onto a reinforced concrete (RC) frame purposely constructed to support the window specimens for the tests. TNT explosives of different weights were detonated at different stand-off distances in front of the window. Window responses were monitored with high-speed cameras and linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT). Pressure sensors were used to measure the reflected pressure. Glass window failure patterns and associated glass fragments were recorded and analyzed. The tested window performances were compared with the predicted results based on ASTM and UFC standards, as well as previous testing results. Based on the testing data, criteria for tempered glass crack and fracture under blast loadings were formulated.
Photogrammetry Based Study of Ceramics Fragments
Authors: Barreau J-B. , Nicolas T. , Bruniaux G. , Petit E. , Petit Q. , Bernard Y. , Gaugne R. , Gouranton V.
Published: June 2015

Reconstitution of whole ceramics from fragments is a true priesthood for ceramographers. This activity remains mainly handled by manual sketching and can be very time consuming. However, more and more tools and workflows provide digital solutions, based on 3D technologies, to assist such tasks. In this paper, we present an application of photogrammetry on ceramic fragments from two excavation sites located in Brittany, France. This study was required by two ceramics specialists and conducted in CReAAH, a French research center in archaeology, archaeosciences and history. The 3D restitution by photogrammetry of these different fragments allowed reconstructions of the original shapes of the potteries or at least to get to as close as possible. We furthermore used the resulting 3D models of the ceramics to compute various metrics required by the ceramographers. In collaboration with IRISA, a French research center in computer science, we designed and generated a presentation support using a 3D printer. This work is based on affordable tools and illustrates how 3D technologies can be quite easily integrated in archaeology process with limited financial resources, to obtain useful results for the study and analysis of such artefacts.
Is essential learning being compromised by austerity?
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: June 2015

Emeritus professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton discusses the recently published Royal College of Nursing survey report that campaigns to raise awareness of the threats to post-qualifying education for nurses
Research roundup: June 2015
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: June 2015

In brief

▪ Opioids, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics and, possibly, tricyclic antidepressants seem to increase the risk of falls and hip fractures among elderly people ▪ Measles, mumps and rubella vaccination does not seem to increase the likelihood of developing autism-spectrum disorders, even in children at high risk ▪ Statins may reduce mortality from lung cancer ▪ E-cigarettes do not seem to increase the likelihood of quitting smoking; a single vaping session impairs the cough reflex ▪ Aspirin may slow the progression of early emphysema
What do patients really want from medicines?
Authors: O'Neill Simon
Published: June 2015

This article looks at some of the key factors that can affect an individual's ability to take their medicine as prescribed, and asks what health professionals can do to address some of these concerns. Health professionals need to give patients the right information and support to facilitate the best choice. They should work differently to engage more effectively with patients and utilize the tools that are available to deliver effective prescribing.
Cristobal Balenciaga Museoko bildumako ikerketa. XX. mendeko jantzi bildumetako materialen identifikazioa eta kontserbazioa.
Authors: Porcel Ziarsolo Alazne , Artetxe Sánchez Enara
Published: June 2015

xx. mendeko moda-mundua pixkanaka gero eta leku nabariagoa lortzen joan da museoetan eta arte-erakundeetan. Modak eta jantzien munduak kultur ondare eta museo-ondasun gisa lortu duen gizarte-balorazioak, ahalbidetu du tankera honetako lanei zuzenduriko ikerketa espezifikoak bideratzea. xx. mendean zehar moda bezalako arte-diziplinetara sartuz joan ziren elementu eta material berriak erronka handia suertatu dira gaur egun kontserbatzaile eta zaharberritzaileentzat. Hortaz, ikerketa bideak egokitu egin beharko dira jantzi bilduma garaikide hauetan gertatzen hasi diren arazo berriei aurre egiteko. Hurrengo ikerketak aztergai modura hartuko ditu Getarian dagoen Cristóbal Balenciaga Fundazio Museoko moda bildumako piezak. Diseinatzaile ospetsu honen lanetan dauden materialak identifikatu nahi izan dira. Aztergai hartu dira era berean materialetarako kaltegarri gerta daitezkeen narriadura-eragileak. Azkenik, lanen kontserbazio-egoera aztertu da, bere etorkizunerako biziraupena bermatzeko. Honetarako, hainbat analisi teknikaren beharra izan dugu zuntzak eta aztergai nagusi bezala hartu ditugun plastikoak identifikatzerako orduan: besteak beste, Raman mikroskopia elektronikoa edo ekortze-mikroskopia elektronikoa.
Itsas Energia irakasten Rrekin
Authors: Ulazia Manterola Alain , Ibarra Berastegi Gabriel
Published: June 2015

Itsas Energia gradu baten baitan lehenbizikoz irakasten ari da EHUn. Beronen irakasleek Itsas Energiaren garrantzia nabarmendu nahi dute hemen, eta horretaz gain, azaldu nahi dute nola erantzun zaion hezkuntza aitzindaritza honek dakarren erronkari. Halaz, ikas denboraren hiru laurden suposatu duen R analisi estatistikorako eta grafikorako programazio hizkuntza itsas baliabidearen analisi espazio-tenporalerako nola aplikatu den azalduko da ikasleek garatu dituzten ariketen bidez.
¿Alienados, rebeldes, o revolucionarios? El comunismo italiano y el desafío de las culturas juveniles, 1960-1966
Authors: Pasqualini Mauro
Published: June 2015

El artículo estudia las reacciones y debates sobre la «cuestión juvenil» en el seno de Vie Nuove, un semanario ligado al Partido Comunista Italiano durante los años ‘60s. Considera que las reacciones de los editores cambiaron en el lapso de pocos años. Mientras que en un principio la continuidad generacional era sinónimo de virtud política, posteriormente se comenzó a discutir acerca del valor de actitudes rupturistas por parte de los jóvenes. El artículo enfatiza la heterogeneidad de las posiciones al interior de este grupo de comunistas italianos, y su interés pero también dificultad para entender las nuevas culturas juveniles.
Un incidente militar en la Transición: la elección del general Gabeiras como jefe del Estado Mayor del Ejército (1979)
Authors: Muñoz Bolaños Roberto
Published: June 2015

El 17 de 1979, la máxima jerarquía del Ejército español, el Jefe del Estado Mayor del Ejército (JEME), teniente general Tomás Liniers y Pidal, cesaba de su cargo por razones de edad. Para sustituirlo, el vicepresidente del Gobierno para Asuntos de la Seguridad, el teniente general Manuel Gutiérrez Mellado, que ya estaba enfrentado con la cúpula militar desde la legalización del Partido Comunista de España (PCE), y que no confiaba en los principales mandos del Ejército, optó por elegir a un amigo suyo, sin prestigio en el seno de las Fuerzas Armadas (FAS), pero de su completa confianza: el general de división José Gabeiras Montero. La elección de Gabeiras provocó una auténtica conmoción en el Ejército, y aumento aún mas si cabe la desconfianza de los militares hacía el Gobierno de Suárez. Sin embargo, menos de dos años después, durante el golpe de Estado del 23-F, la elección de Gabeiras se demostraría clave para el mantenimiento del sistema democrático, ya que evitó la movilización de buena parte de las capitanías generales en favor de los golpistas, como era el deseo de sus mandos.
Design and Validation of the Cooperative Learning Application Scale (CLAS)
Authors: Atxurra Cristina , Villardón-Gallego Lourdes , Calvete Esther
Published: June 2015

In this study, a scale was designed to measure the level of application of Cooperative Learning in Higher Education. The Cooperative Learning Application Scale (CLAS) comprises seven dimensions: Positive interdependence, interaction, social skills, group reflection, heterogeneity, assessment and tutoring. The sample consisted of a total of 1470 students from two Universities: the University of Deusto (Spain) and the Catholic University of Temuco (Chile). The results show that CLAS is a valid and reliable tool to gauge the level of application of this methodology in university classrooms.
Metacognitive Knowledge and Skills in Students with Deep Approach to Learning. Evidence from Mathematical Problem Solving // Conocimiento y habilidades metacognitivas en estudiantes con un enfoque profundo de aprendizaje. Evidencias en la resolución de problemas matemáticos
Authors: García Trinidad , Cueli Marisol , Rodríguez Celestino , Krawec Jennifer , González-Castro Paloma
Published: June 2015

Student approaches to learning and metacognitive strategies are two important conditioning factors in solving mathematical problems. The evidence suggests that it is the deep approach to learning which leads to student success in such tasks. The present study focused on analyzing the differences in metacognitive knowledge and skills in a sample of 524 fifth and sixth grade students divided into three groups based on their different levels of use of a deep approach (241= low; 152= medium; and 131= high). Metacognitive knowledge was assessed using the Learning Strategies Knowledge Questionnaire, while evidence about metacognitive skills was gathered by means of process measures (Triple Tasks Procedure) during students’ solving of two mathematical word problems. Statistically significant differences in metacognitive knowledge were found among groups while differences in metacognitive skills were only found in the second task, with a low effect size.