bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VR-bility in der Medizintechnik. Medizinprodukte mittels Virtual Reality (VR) gebrauchstauglich gestalten
Authors:   Zentrum für Ergonomie und Medizintechnik, FH Münster, König Simon , Hinricher Niels ,   Zentrum für Ergonomie und Medizintechnik, FH Münster, Backhaus Claus ,   Zentrum für Ergonomie und Medizintechnik, FH Münster
Published: February 2022

In diesem Beitrag wird mittels vergleichender Nutzendentests mit einem realen und einem virtuellen Prototyp eines Blutdruckmessgerätes die Eignung von VR-Prototypen zur Usability-Evaluation von Medizinprodukten untersucht. Dafür werden mit insgesamt 24 Testpersonen Nutzendentests durchgeführt.
Prozesssimulationen kollaborativer Mensch-Roboter-Arbeitssysteme
Authors:   Institut für Managementwissenschaften, Technische Universität Wien, Fischer Clara , Schlund Sebastian ,   Institut für Managementwissenschaften, Technische Universität Wien
Published: February 2022

Der Einsatz von kollaborativen Robotern schafft neue Herausforderungen für die Gewährleistung der Personensicherheit. Speziell im Falle einer Kollision muss die Einhaltung biomechanischer Grenzwerte sichergestellt werden. Da diese zum aktuellen Stand nicht, beziehungsweise nicht vollständig, in Prozesssimulationsprogramme integriert sind, ist eine automatisierte Sicherheitszertifizierung per digitalem Zwilling nicht möglich. Daher wird in diesem Artikel ein Ansatz zur Integration der biomechanischen Grenzwerte in die Software Tecnomatix Process Simulate vorgestellt.
Nachhaltigkeit als Organisationskonzept
Authors:   Wildling Shoes GmbH, Engelskirchen, Yona Anna
Published: February 2022

Der Erfolg einer unternehmerischen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie hängt stark vom persönlichen Einsatz der wesentlichen Entscheidungsträgerinnen und -träger ab. Mit einer intensiven, offenen Kommunikation und einer ambitionierten Vision will das in diesem Praxisbeispiel vorgestellte Unternehmen Wildling Shoes echte Regeneration ermöglichen – und dabei gute Arbeitsbedingungen mit den Bemühungen um ein gesundes Ökosystem vereinen.
Gesundheits- und Sicherheitskultur als soziale Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit
Authors:   Siemens AG, Frankfurt am Main, Pelster Klaus
Published: February 2022

Die Corona-Pandemie der Jahre 2020/2021 hat in vielen Bereichen der Arbeitswelt einen fundamentalen Wandel hervorgerufen, und neue Formen virtueller Zusammenarbeit sind entstanden. Anwesenheiten in Büros wurden auf ein Minimum zurückgefahren, während Beschäftigte in Produktionsbereichen unter umfangreichen Hygiene- und Schutzmaßnahmen weiter im Betrieb vor Ort arbeiten. Diese Herausforderungen erfolgreich zu bewältigen, erfordert ein neues Denken von Führung und Zusammenarbeit auch mit einer stärkeren Betonung von Themen im Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz. Welche Faktoren dabei bei der Siemens AG im Fokus stehen und welchen Betrag der Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung des Unternehmens leistet, wird im folgenden Beitrag gezeigt.
Welche Führung braucht die neue Arbeitswelt? Transformationale und authentische Führung, Autonomie und das Wohlbefinden von Geführten
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dortmund, Emmerich Astrid , Rigotti Thomas ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dortmund
Published: February 2022

What sort of leadership is needed in the new world of work? Transformational and authentic leadership, autonomy and the well-being of the led Objectives: We investigate whether transformational and authentic leaders have a positive impact on the well-being (work engagement, job satisfaction) of those they lead and whether this effect can be explained by increased autonomy. Transformational and authentic leadership could thus be suitable approaches for a changing world of work in which flexibility and dynamism are increasingly high on the agenda as a result, among other things, of the increase in self-organising methods of work. Method: A longitudinal investigation with three measurement times across 20 months was conducted with 1875 employees from 273 teams. Employees assessed the leadership styles of their respective leaders, their autonomy with a time lag of approximately 12 months as well as their work engagement and job satisfaction about eight months later. Data were analysed with multilevel structural equation models in order to control for the nested data structure. Autoregressors (measured at T1) were included for autonomy as the proposed mediator, as well as for the two dependent variables. Results: There were significant positive direct longitudinal relationships between transformational as well as authentic leadership with job satisfaction, yet not with work engagement about 20 months later. Both leadership styles were positively related to autonomy appr. 12 months later, and autonomy in turn was positively related to well-being indicators about eight months later. Overall the hypothesized indirect relationships between leadership and well-being mediated through an increase in autonomy were confirmed for authentic leadership, but not for transformational leadership. Conclusions: Both transformational and authentic leadership show positive correlations to well-being. But only authentic leadership can be shown to promote autonomy, which can be seen as central in dealing with the challenges of the modern world of work. Keywords: leadership – changing world of work – well-being - autonomy
Neugier als entscheidender Faktor
Authors:   Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Ohl Uwe , Koppe Thomas ,   Merck KGaA, Darmstadt
Published: February 2022

Für eine nachhaltige Beschäftigungsfähigkeit von Ausgebildeten nach der Berufsausbildung muss diese sich an den veränderten Kompetenzanforderungen der digitalen Arbeitswelt orientieren. Die Förderung und der Erhalt von Neugier spielen hierbei eine entscheidende Rolle. Der Beitrag thematisiert die sich daraus ergebenden notwendigen Veränderungen sowohl in der Personalauswahl, in der praktischen Durchführung sowie in der Organisation von betrieblicher Ausbildung.
Jeotermal ve güneş destekli güç üretimi ve ısıtma sisteminin termodinamik analizi
Authors: SEN Ozan , YILMAZ Ceyhun
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, Afyonkarahisar ilinde konutların elektrik ve ısıtma ihtiyacını karşılamak için jeotermal ve güneş destekli kojenerasyon enerji sisteminin termodinamik modellenmesi ve analizi yapılmıştır. Ele alınan sistemde, jeotermal ve güneş kaynaklarından elde edilen termal enerji ile Organik Rankine Çevriminde (ORC) elektrik üretilecektir. Üretilen elektrik, enerji ihtiyacına göre şebekeye verilecektir. Şebekede enerji ihtiyacının az olduğu zamanlarda fazla olan elektrik, elektroliz ünitesine gönderilecek ve hidrojen üretilip depolanacaktır. Şebekede tekrardan enerji ihtiyacı olduğu zamanlarda depolanan hidrojen enerjisi yakıt hücresinde elektrik enerjisine dönüştürülecek ve şebekeye verilecektir. Buna ek olarak ORC çevriminde atık ısı olarak çevrimden atılan ısı enerjisi mahal ısıtmasında kullanılacaktır. Sistemin termodinamik performans değerlendirmesi Afyonkarahisar iline ait jeotermal ve güneş enerjisi değerleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Farklı jeotermal kaynak sıcaklıkları ve güneş ışınım değerlerinde sistemin parametrik çalışması yapılmıştır. Afyonkarahisar ilinde jeotermal su sıcaklığı 70 ile 130 ºC, kütlesel debi 70 ile 150 kg/s aralığındadır. Ayrıca güneş ışınımı 300 ile 1000 W/m2 aralığında değişmektedir. Jeotermal ve güneş enerji destekli ORC çevriminde toplam güç üretimi 2420 kW’dır. Bu güç üretiminin doğrudan elektroliz ünitesinde hidrojen üretilmesi için kullanılması durumunda sistemden 0.0154 kg/s hidrojen üretilmektedir. Sistemin mahal ısıtması için ısıtma kapasitesi 8933 kW’dır. Tüm sistemin enerji ve ekserji verimi sırasıyla % 34.5 ve % 46.0 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Kiriş-Kolon ve Kolon-Taban Yarı-Rijit bağlantılı çelik yapıların doğrusal olmayan ve titreşim analizleri için çerçeve sonlu elemanı modeli
Authors: ÖZEL Halil Fırat , SARITAŞ Afşin
Published: February 2022

Çelik yapılarda deprem yükleri altında ileri derecede doğrusal olmayan davranışlar eleman boyunca ve bağlantı bölgelerinde oluşmakta ve dolayısıyla gerçek davranışın belirlenebilmesi için doğru, güvenilir ve pratik modellerin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla makalede çelik yapıların doğrusal olmayan davranışının yüksek doğrulukta elde edilmesi için kuvvet-bazlı formülasyana dayanan yarı-rijit bağlantılı ve kesme deformasyonlarını dikkate alan bir çerçeve sonlu elemanı türetilmiştir. Eleman boyunca ve kesit derinliğinde yayılı plastisite yaklaşımı tanımlanmış, eleman boyunca herhangi bir yerde doğrusal veya doğrusal olmayan yarı-rijit bağlantılar yapısal sistemde ek düğüm noktasına ve serbestlik derecesinde artışa gerek duyulmadan katılmıştır. Titreşim analizlerini de benzer doğrulukta yürütebilmek için kuvvet-bazlı yarı-rijit bağlantılı kütle matrisi ve I-kesitler için uygun kesme düzeltme katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Eleman formülasyonu basitleştirmek amacıyla 2 boyutta sunulmuş, doğrulama ve kıyaslama çalışmalarındaysa hem 2 boyut hem de 3 boyutta karmaşık ve düzensiz yapılar üstünde analizler yürütülmüştür. Yarı-rijit bağlantılı modellerde hem kiriş-kolon hem de kolon-tabanlarında doğrusal olmayan bağlantı davranışlarının yapısal sisteme etkisi çalışılmıştır. Sunulan örneklerde var olan sonuçlara göre daha ileri seviyede deplasman değerlerine yapıların itilebilmesi mümkün olmuş ve kolon-taban bağlantılarındaki doğrusal olmayan davranışın P-Delta etkileri ile yapısal sistemlerde çok daha kritik sonuçlar oluşturabildiği gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca kuvvet-bazlı yayılı kütle matrisi uygulaması ile titreşim analizlerini yürütürken üst seviyede doğrulukta sonuçlar elde edilebilmiştir.
[RETRACTED] Organixx CBD Gummies UK Reviews :Shocking Report Reveals Must Read Before Buying v1
Authors: not provided organixuk
Published: February 2022

[RETRACTED]

Brain illnesses are most likely to occur if your brain is underdeveloped. You can use CBD gummies to treat tinnitus. The gummies can also help you have a clearer mind and better concentration.
[RETRACTED] Keto Max Power - Start a Keto Diet | Should you try the keto diet? -Keto Max Power UK v1
Authors: Max Power Keto
Published: February 2022

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LABORATORY PROTOCOLS OF ANAEMIA TESTING USING PORTABLE HEMOCUE, MALARIA SCREENING USING RDT (HRP-2), PROCESSING OF WET PREPARATION, KATO-KATZ AND EXAMINATION OF STOOL SAMPLES, REPORTING OF SOIL-TRANSMITTED HELMINTHES AND FAECAL PARASITES v2
Authors: Claude Nkurunziza Jean , Niyongabo Aloys , Nabukeera-Barungi Nicolette , Nakayaga Kalyango Joan , Muwema Mwanja Mercy , Mupere Ezekiel , I. Nankabirwa Joaniter
Published: February 2022

To determine the prevalence of anaemia in children aged 6-24 months living in a high malaria transmission setting in Burundi, we used laboratory protocols to test anaemia using a portable hemocue analyser and screend for malaria using a Malaria Ag Pf/Pan rapid test; a rapid, qualitative test for the detection of HRP-II (Histidine rich protein II- HRP-2). We also detected Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis and other faecal parasites microscopically by wet preparation and Kato-Katz technique. Laboratory protocols were used in cross-sectional that determined the prevalence and factors associated with anaemia in children aged 6-24 months living in a high malaria transmission setting in northern Burundi.
[RETRACTED] Keto Max Power - Fire up your fat loss and turn your body into a fat-burning machine- Keto Max Power UK v1
Authors: Max Power Keto
Published: February 2022

[RETRACTED]

Keto Max Power - Fire up your fat loss and turn your body into a fat-burning machine- Keto Max Power UK
[RETRACTED] Best Human Hair Wigs Provided By Jurllyshe v1
Authors: not provided bhayes
Published: February 2022

[RETRACTED]

yes
Making your own electrocompetent cells v2
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: February 2022

This protocol explains methods for making two 250 ml cultures of electrocompetent cells. An Electroporation Protocol can be found here.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS WEBSITE WIX PADA MATA PELAJARAN PRODUKSI PENGOLAHAN HASIL NABATI DI SMKN 2 CILAKU CIANJUR
Authors: Rahmawati Restia , Achdiani Yanni , Handayani Mustika N
Published: February 2022

Kegiatan pembelajaran pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 umunya dilaksanakan secara daring, demikian juga dengan kondisi di SMKN 2 Cilaku Cianjur, hal ini dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan berupa Google Classroom dan grup Whatsapp khususnya pada mata pelajaran Produksi Pengolahan Hasil Nabati. Media pembelajaran berbasis website WIX dapat menjadi salah satu inovasi dan menjadi pilihan untuk digunakan dalam proses belajar mengajar secara daring. Tujuan dari penelitian ini,yaitu: 1) Mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis website WIX pada mata pelajaran Produksi Pengolahan Hasil Nabati, 2) Mengetahui hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis websiteWIX. Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis website WIX ini menggunakan metode Waterfalldengan tahapan Analisis Kebutuhan, Desain Sistem, Implementasi, Integrasi Pengujian, Penerapan Sistem, dan Pemeliharaan. Website WIX diterapkan kepada siswa untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan desain Pre-eksperimental Design dengan bentuk One Group Pretest- Postest Design. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa website WIX dinyatakan “sangat layak” olehahli media, ahli materi, ahli bahasa, dan dinyatakan layak oleh siswa. Hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan setelah menggunakan website WIX berdasarkan nilai ketuntasan KKM siswa. Pada uji N- Gain didapatkan nilai rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,68 dengan kriteria “sedang”, dan pada uji Wilcoxondidapatkan nilai Sig. (0,000) 0,5, sehingga penggunaan website WIX berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa.
PENGUKURAN TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH MATA PELAJARAN DASAR PENANGANAN BAHAN HASIL PERTANIAN DI SMK PPN LEMBANG BERDASARKAN SIKAP SISWA KETIKA BELAJAR
Authors: Rahayu Annisa Nuraeni , Mujdalipah Siti
Published: February 2022

Peningkatan kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia menyebabkan kegiatan belajar mengajar dilaksanakan dari rumah melalui kegiatan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk mempermudah proses pembelajaran dan komunikasi antar guru dengan siswa. Ditemukan masalah pada kegiatan PJJ di SMK PPN Lembang dalam mata pelajaran DPBHP, yaitu perolehan hasil belajar siswa yang kurang optimal. Masalah tersebut memiliki keterkaitan dengan kemandirian belajar siswa, sebab ketika siswa ingin memperoleh hasil belajar yang baik maka siswa harus memiliki kemandirian belajar yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemandirian belajar siswa berdasarkan masing-masing indikator kemandirian belajar yang dilihat dari sudut pandang sikap siswa ketika belajar, yaitu aktif dalam belajar, tidak ketergantungan kepada orang lain, mampu mengontrol diri, percaya diri dalam belajar, disiplin dalam belajar, dan bertanggung jawab dalam belajar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif dan teknik survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh siswa memiliki tingkat kemandirian belajar dalam kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi pada indikator bertanggung jawab dalam belajar dan pada kelima indikator lainnya sebagian besar siswa memiliki tingkat kemandirian belajar dalam kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi. Diketahui juga dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa kemandirian belajar tidak menjadi penyebab utama perolehan hasil belajar siswa kurang optimal dalam kegiatan PJJ mata pelajaran DPBHP, sebab hasil belajar dipengaruhi juga oleh faktor eksternal siswa.
“No German, No Service”: EU Migrants’ Unequal Access to Welfare Entitlements in Germany
Authors: Ratzmann Nora
Published: February 2022

While existing research has analysed the intersecting migration and social security law, which stratifies migrants’ formal social entitlements, less work has been done on the informal stratifications beyond the law that determine substantive social rights. This article illustrates the informal barriers to de facto benefit receipt that intra‐EU migrant citizens may experience when claiming social assistance in local German job centres, regardless of their manifest legal entitlements. Focussing on informal, yet commonly institutionalised practices of language discrimination, analysis of 103 qualitative, in‐depth interviews reveal recurring patterns of administrative exclusion beyond individual instances of discriminatory behaviour. The unwritten rules and everyday practices shaping administrators’ claims‐processing routines often go against what the law or administrative procedures proscribe, and could be considered as forms of discrimination. The former may be explained by institutional constraints, such as a performance‐orientedmanagement culture, legalistic claims‐processing, or superficial diversity policies. By shedding light on how inequalities in access are constructed in daily administrative practice, this article adds to existing empirical knowledge on how informal inequalities in access emerge at different stages of the benefit claiming process, in contrast to formal social rights on paper, as well as social administrations’ handling of diversity in a context of transnational social protection.
A Cost-Based Approach to Elicit Ancillary Service Tariffs from Unified Capacity and Energy Tariffs
Authors: SEZER Hikmet , GÜVEN Ali , TÖR Osman Bülent , CEBECİ Mahmut Erkut , TEİMOURZADEH Saeed
Published: February 2022

Establishing separated markets for capacity, energy, and ancillary services (AS) is one of the key steps to liberalize electricity sector and realize electricity markets. This study aims at eliciting AS tariffs from unified capacity and energy tariffs through a cost-based approach. In the proposed framework, maintaining annual revenue requirements of the power plants are considered as the main objective while separating the AS tariff from unified tariffs. The conducted study considers two types of unified tariffs, i.e. capacity and energy tariffs, and offers proper AS eliciting scheme for each type of unified tariffs. The main challenges addressed here are: 1) incentivizing\penalizing AS provision more\less than scheduled amount which is tackled through an incentive factor, and 2) preventing overall tariff increment (customer tariff) after eliciting AS tariff which is addressed by applying fixing constraint to the overall tariff at before and after AS tariff eliciting conditions. Last but not the least, AS trade between adjacent utilities and calculating the benefits from this trade are addressed. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is assured through numerical investigations.
The Effect of Road Slope on Parameters of Disabled Vehicle Driven by PMDC Motor
Authors: KAZAN Fatih Alpaslan , AKKAYA Ramazan
Published: February 2022

In this study, the effect of road slope on the electrical and mechanical parameters of a disabled vehicle and regenerative braking was investigated on a 4 wheel disabled vehicle driven by a permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor. For this purpose, the test system, which was designed by the authors in order to test such vehicles in a laboratory environment, was developed in a way that allows the vehicle to be tested in external environments. This test system consists of a data acquisition card (DAC), related sensors, and an interface prepared in the C# program. Using the DAC, currents, voltages, speed, road slope, and temperatures were measured instantaneously during the test process and then transferred to the computer instantly. Using these data, the motor's speed, the motor's torque, the motor's shaft power, the yields of the motor and the driver, the vehicle's instantaneous speed, and the total covered distance were calculated during the experiment in real-time by the interface. At the same time, these data were graphed and saved. Tests were carried out on roads with a positive and negative slope. Finally, the data obtained from these tests were analyzed and the alterations in the electrical and mechanical parameters of the disabled vehicle depending on the road slope were clearly demonstrated by numerical data.
Retrofit of hollow concrete masonry infilled steel frames using glass fiber reinforced plastic laminates
Authors:   , Hakam Zeyad Hamed-Ramzy , Elgaaly Mohamed , Hamid Ahmad Ahmad
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the retrofit of hollow concrete masonry infilled steel frames subjected to in-plane lateral loads using glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) laminates that are epoxy-bonded to the exterior faces of the infill walls. An extensive experimental investigation using one-third scale modeling was conducted and consisted of two phases. In the first phase, 64 assemblages, half of which were retrofitted, were tested under various combined in-plane loading conditions similar to those which different regions of a typical infill wall are subjected to. In the second phase, one bare and four masonry-infilled steel frames representative of a typical single-story, single-bay panel were tested under diagonal loading to study the overall behavior and the infill-frame interaction. The relative infill-to-frame stiffness was varied as a test parameter by using two different steel frame sections. The laminates altered the failure modes of the masonry assemblages and reduced the variability and anisotropic nature of the masonry. For the prisms which failed due to shear and/or mortar joint slip, significant strength increases were observed. For those exhibiting compression failure modes, a marginal increase in strength resulted. Retrofitting the infilled frames resulted in an average increase in initial stiffness of two-fold compared to the unretrofitted infilled frames, and seemed independent of the relative infill-to-frame stiffness. However, the increase in the load-carrying capacity of the retrofitted frames compared to the unretrofitted counterparts was higher for those with the larger relative infill-to-frame stiffness parameter. Unlike the unretrofitted infill walls, the retrofitted panels demonstrated almost identical failure modes that were characterized as "strictly comer crushing" in the vicinity of the loaded comers whereas no signs of distress were evident throughout the remainder of the infill. The laminates also maintained the structural integrity of the infill and prevented collapse and debris fallout even at severe loading stages. A finite element macromodel was proposed for the analysis of the GFRP-retrofitted masonry infilled frames. The infill panel was replaced with a nonlinear, compression-only, diagonal strut. This model was verified using the experimental results of the infilled frame testing and is characterized by its ease of application and accuracy.
Modulating CD8⁺ T cell responses in vivo
Authors:   , Halstead E. Scott , Katsikis Peter D.
Published: February 2022

CD137 stimulation has been shown to preferentially act to costimulate the proliferation of CD8+ T cells, though its mechanism of action is unclear. We found that in vivo CD137 (4-1BB) stimulation with an agonistic mAb enhanced the primary CD8+ T cell response to influenza type A virus infection in mice. CD137 stimulation increased the frequency and absolute number of CD8+ T cells against influenza virus epitopes and preferentially enhanced the response to nondominant epitopes. Also, CD137 stimulation could substitute for CD28 signaling, as CD137 stimulation was able to restore influenza-specific CD8+ T cell response in CD28-/- mice. CD 137 stimulation continued to support the increased absolute number and frequency of influenza-specific CD8+ T cells late through the contraction phase (day 15), but eventually this effect diminished and by day 20 levels of influenza-specific CD8+ T cells were equivalent in CD137 stimulated and untreated mice. Recall CD8+ T cell responses to influenza virus were in fact inhibited by CD137 stimulation during priming as virus-specific CD8 + T cell frequencies and absolute numbers were decreased following rechallenge with influenza virus. These results indicate that CD137 stimulation enhances primary CD8+ T cell responses but that the memory pool does not reflect this enhancement. Thus, CD137 stimulation may prove important in increasing the primary CD8+ T cell clonal burst, but that enhancement of long-term CD8+ T cell memory will require further manipulations. While CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are important for host defense, they have also been implicated as having an important role in autoimmune rejection phenomena such as type I diabetes, allogeneic transplantation and graft versus host disease. Using structure-based drug design, synthetic peptides that mimic the CD8 [alpha]-chain surface and interfere with CD8 binding to MHC class I have been generated. We examined one such analog, RDY, could inhibit the immunodominant CD8+ T cell response in mice infected with influenza type A virus. Treatment with the RDY analog did significantly reduce expression of the early activation marker CD69 and increased the frequency of "resting" virus-specific CD8+ T cells, thus indicating an inhibition of activation. RDY treatment did not affect the numbers, frequency or effector functions of the virus-specific CTLs. These results suggest that the CD8 peptide mimetic, RDY, can inhibit the activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during CD8+ primary immune responses and similar peptide mimetics may serve a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Towards cell replacement for CNS injury
Authors:   , Han Steve S. W. , Fischer Itzhak
Published: February 2022

Spinal cord injuries result in destruction of descending motor and ascending sensory tracts along with cellular loss, leading to permanent dysfunction with limited prospects for repair. The aim of current therapeutic strategies is to neutralize factors in the injured environment that inhibit axonal regeneration and to overcome the neurons' inherent inability to regenerate. In addition, cellular transplants can provide a permissive environment for regeneration and repair and introduce cells that may replace those lost to injury. The sequential restriction in developmental potential from multipotent neural stem cells through lineage-restricted precursors leads to the acquisition of mature cell types during CNS development. In the fetal spinal cord, immunoselection techniques allow for the purification of neuronal-restricted precursor (NRP) cells and glial-restricted precursor (GRP) cells. Multipotent neural stem cells and lineage-restricted precursor cells have emerged as promising candidates for cellular replacement as they are able to self-renew in vitro and have the potential to produce neurons, astrocytes, and/or oligodendrocytes. However, transplantation studies show that the adult spinal cord environment may not adequately permit the differentiation of multipotent neural stem cells, particularly their commitment into a neuronal phenotype. We therefore hypothesized that transplantation of lineage-restricted precursor cells may allow for cellular replacement and the control of differentiated cell types in the spinal cord environment. However, detecting transplanted cells in vivo have been difficult. In Chapter 2, cells derived from transgenic rats expressing the reporter gene human-placental alkaline phosphatase (AP) were assessed for their utility for transplant studies. In Chapter 3, survival and differentiation of NRP cells transplanted into the intact adult spinal cord are examined. In Chapter 4, GRP cells transplanted into the intact and injured spinal cord are assessed for their ability to survive, migrate, and differentiate. We show that cells isolated from AP transgenic rats ubiquitously express the reporter gene AP in precursor cells types and expression does not downregulate for at least 6 week in vivo. NRP and GRP cells survive after transplantation into the adult spinal cord and differentiate into mature cell types. Specifically, NRP cells differentiate into mature neurons that integrate with the host spinal cord, an environment that normally is non-neurogenic. Conversely, GRP cells transplanted into the intact and injured spinal cord survives and differentiates into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Moreover, GRP cells migrate extensively along white matter tracts. These results suggest that NRP and GRP cells may be useful cellular substrates for cellular replacement strategies following spinal cord injury.
Vectorial beam generation with a conical refractive surface
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Gubaev M.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Degtyarev S.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Strelkov Y.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Volotovskiy S.G. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Ivliev N.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Khonina S.N. ,   Samara National Research University,   IPSI RAS - Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS
Published: February 2022

We propose to use a refractive conical axicon for generating azimutally polarized beams. We investigate polarization states of optical rays passing through an interface between optical media, and also polarization transformation with a refractive axicon. We develop a software for raytracing which correctly processes polarization states of the rays and visualizes ellipses of polarization. The polarization state is described in the Jones notation and based on the energy conservation law. We derive and implement formulas for calculating the Jones vector in different bases, as well as trans-ferring the Jones vector from one basis to another. Algorithms for displaying polarization ellipses on one plane for beams that are not plane-parallel have been developed. Ray paths in a three-dimensional axicon are calculated and shown with due regard for polarization.
Method for calculating a refractive optical element forming given illuminance distribution and wavefront
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Doskolovich L.L. ,   Samara National Research University, Bykov D.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Mingazov A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Bezus E.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2022

In the geometrical optics approximation, we consider a method for calculating a refractive optical element with two freeform surfaces, which transforms an incident beam with a plane wave-front into an output beam with a required wavefront and generating a required illuminance distribution. As examples, optical elements forming given illuminance distributions and (converging and diverging) spherical wavefronts are designed. The presented examples demonstrate the good performance of the method.
Features of magneto-optics of dichroic cholesteric liquid crystals
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Gevorgyan A.H. , Golik S.S. ,   Far Eastern Federal University,   Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2022

In this work, magneto-optical properties of a dichroic cholesteric liquid-crystal layer are theoretically investigated at large values of the magneto-optical parameter. Features of all solutions of the dispersion equation are studied in detail. Peculiarities of the reflection, transmission, absorption spectra and the influence of dielectric boundaries on them are investigated. Specific properties of the localization of light and magnetically induced transparency in dichroic cholesteric liquid crystals are considered. The study of the light localization features showed that the presence of an external magnetic field, as well as the presence of dielectric boundaries, led to the appearance of oscillations in the dependence of the intensity of the layer-confined energy on the coordinate of the axis directed along the cholesteric axis. A strong influence of the refractive index of isotropic half-spaces adjacent to a dichroic cholesteric liquid crystal layer on the optics of the layer under consideration is shown. In particular, magnetically induced transparency and diffraction transmission appear only at certain intervals of the refractive index of isotropic half-spaces.
Etiology and Mortality Investigation in Neonates that Underwent Surgery
Authors: BÜYÜKFIRAT Evren , DEMİR Abit , DÖRTERLER Mustafa Erman , GÜNENDİ Tansel
Published: February 2022

Objective

We aimed to examine the demographic characteristics, etiology and postoperative mortality rates of neonates operated on in our hospital.

Methods

The records of neonates who were operated in our tertiary care level university hospital between 2013 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with a diagnosis requiring surgical procedure, age (days), gender, anatomical region where the surgical procedure was performed, length of hospital stay and mortality rates were investigated.

Results

329 neonates were included in the study of which 213 (64.75%) were male and 116 (35.25%) were female. Gastrointestinal system surgery was performed in 214 patients (65.04%), respiratory system surgery in 95 (28.87%) patients and urogenital system surgery in 17 (5.16%) patients. The mortality rate of 156 patients that were followed up in our neonatal unit in the postoperative period was 16.6%. The mortality rate of female babies (21.3%) was higher than that of male babies (13%). Considering the mortality rates of the patients according to the surgical areas, the highest mortality rate was found in respiratory system surgery (38.46%) which was trailed by gastrointestinal system surgery (12.28%) and genitourinary system surgery (7.69%), respectively.

Conclusions

Despite advances in neonatal care and surgical techniques, immaturity and congenital anomalies still have an important place among the most common causes of death in infants. In particular, the detection of organ dysfunctions due to congenital anomalies which are considered among the preventable causes of death in infants, efforts to correct them will be beneficial to a certain extent in reducing the mortality rates of neonates.
Increasing Product Selling Value Through Product Variations, Brand Image and Promotion
Authors: Sukirman  , Arwani M.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the increase in product selling value through product variation, brand image, and promotion. This research uses explanatory research, with a quantitative approach. A sample of 96 people using the Slovin formula. The method of analysis in this study uses multiple linear regression methods with statistical software SPSS 20. The results show that product variations, brand image, and promotion partially and significantly influence the increase in the value of product sales.
Management v krizah: Izbrana poglavja
Authors: Šprajc Polona
Published: February 2022

Vključenost posameznika v organizacijo pomeni eno izmed poti socializacije, ki je sosledje izobraževalnih poti in drugih poti, ki jih človek ubira. Vstop v organizacijo pomeni usklajevanje lastnih potreb s cilji organizacije, ki so predpostavljeni glede na vizijo in strategijo ter poslanstvo organizacije. Tudi tu so ob vstopu določene poti začrtane. In po njih se ni problem gibati niti jih razvijati na način, da se sledi razvojnim tendencam organizacije. Je pa tako kot v življenju individuuma tudi v organizacijah vpliv notranjih in zunanjih dejavnikov večna sopotnica in spodbuda k razmisleku – kam še?
Žvižganje in žvižgači
Authors: Ferjan Marko
Published: February 2022

Prispevek obravnava fenomen žvižganja in žvižgačev. »Žvižganje« (angl. whistleblowing«) je dejanje, ki ga član organizacije iz moralnih razlogov v pričakovanju sprememb neetične prakse z informiranjem javnosti stori, da bi preprečil potencialno nevarnost take neetične prakse. Žvižgači (angl. »whistle blowers«) so ljudje, ki v nasprotju z interesi organizacije zunanjim javnostim razkrijejo nezakonita ali kako drugače nepravilna ravnanja organizacij, v katerih delajo. Navedene definicije izhajajo iz predpostavke, da je žvižganje etično oziroma moralno dejanje. Žvižganje je lahko tudi del politične strategije. Do pojava žvižganja lahko pride tudi zaradi boja za prevlado znotraj organizacije. Povzročena škoda zaradi žvižganja lahko preseže škodo zaradi nepravilnosti. V mesecu marcu 2021 smo opravili anketiranje na vzorcu 139 oseb. V naši raziskavi smo želeli ugotoviti, kako pogosto vprašani zaznajo dejanske nepravilnosti in kako pogosto zaznajo zgolj govorice in domneve o nepravilnostih v organizaciji, kjer so zaposleni. Ugotovili smo, da je tako delež ljudi, ki zaznajo dejanske nepravilnosti v organizacijah, kot delež ljudi, ki zaznajo zgolj govorice in domneve, relativno majhen.
Krizni management v digitalni dobi: primer geografskih informacijskih sistemov
Authors: Urh Marko , Jereb Eva
Published: February 2022

Prispevek opisuje geografske informacijske sisteme kot enega izmed temeljnih dejavnikov pri sprejemanju odločitev na področju kriznega managementa. V uvodnem delu so pojasnjeni pojmi, kot so kriza, krizni management in informacijski sistemi. Sledi predstavitev osnovnih pojmov in elementov geografskih informacijskih sistemov. Omenjeni sistemi so uporabni na veliko področjih, vendar pa so zaradi svojih lastnosti in uporabnosti zelo cenjeni prav na področju kriznega managementa, kjer se uporabljajo na vseh nivojih odločanja: na strateškem, taktičnem in operativnem. V prispevku so predstavljene prednosti uporabe geografskih informacijskih sistemov v krizah. S pomočjo različnih tehnologij, kot so mobilni telefoni, tablice, droni in multikopterji, umetna inteligenca, GPS naprave, internet stvari in drugo, se danes ustvari veliko podatkov, ki imajo prostorsko komponento. Kombinacija omenjenih tehnologij in geografskih informacijskih sistemov lahko ustvari sinergije pri odločanju v kriznem managementu. Prispevek med drugim podaja nasvete za uporabo geografskih informacijskih sistemov v digitalni dobi z vidika kriznega managementa.
Management: Izbrana poglavja
Authors: Podbregar Iztok
Published: February 2022

Znanstvena monografija Management - izbrana poglavja je usmerjena v določene vsebine ravnateljevanja na različnih področjih, ki skozi znanstvene raziskave in njihovo povezanost z aplikativnostjo, usmerjajo na trende razvoja. Glede na kompleksnost oz. razvejanost managementa na praktično vse sfere našega življenja, je nemogoče v eni znanstveni monografiji zajeti dosledno vse. Zato smo se odločili, da izberemo takšna poglavja, ki vendarle zajamejo zadostno multi disciplinarnost in tako raziskovalcem in preučevalcem managementa omogočijo videti procese in smeri poti v bližnji prihodnosti razvoja.
Pravo kot okvir in kot sredstvo managementa
Authors: Igličar Albin
Published: February 2022

Pravo daje najprej okvir za delovanje managementa. Potem je pravo tudi eno od sredstev, s katerimi management dosega postavljene cilje. Pri prvem vidiku je v ospredju skladnost poslovanja organizacije z zakoni in drugimi predpisi. Pri pravu kot sredstvu managementa je izpostavljeno avtonomno pravo v organizacijah in akti na področju korporacijskega, pogodbenega in delovnega prava. Za razumevanje in uporabo pravnih norm so pomembna še splošna etična načela ter pravila poslovne morale.
Revisiting Trust in Symbolic Interaction: Presentations of Trust Development in University Administration
Authors: Gawley Tim
Published: February 2022

Trust development has been studied from many sociological perspectives. Despite its early ventures, a perspective that lags in its attendance to trust is symbolic interaction. Using data drawn from twenty four semi-structured interviews with Canadian university administrators (UAs), this paper revisits a Goffman-influenced conceptualization proposed by Henslin (1968) to frame the analysis of four trust development tactics: being visible, expressing sincerity and personalization, showing the face and establishing routine activity. Resistance encountered during trust development is also discussed. Findings are compared with previous studies of trust in professional, leadership and everyday life settings. The implications of this paper for future symbolic interactionist forays into the areas of trust and administration are also discussed.
Backpackers as a Community of Strangers: The Interaction Order of an Online Backpacker Notice Board
Authors: Adkins Barbara , Grant Eryn
Published: February 2022

While commercial images of “backpacking” emphasise adventure, youth and sightseeing, recent ethnographies of backpackers identify other motivations and rationales that accentuate travel experiences as formative of the self and identity. This raises the question of the basis of this apparently common orientation. This paper investigates, through analysis of postings on an electronic backpacker notice board, “backpacker” as a collaboratively constructed category. We propose that the shared understandings of “backpacker” enabled by these notice boards are consistent with cultural orientations captured in notions of cosmopolitanism (Beck 2000) involving a shift to new forms of sociality across borders: a solidarity with strangers.
Special: An interview with Robert Prus: His Career, Contributions, and Legacy as an Interactionist Ethnographer and Social Theorist
Authors: Kleinknecht Steven
Published: February 2022

I have used an extended, open-ended interview with Robert Prus as a means with which to consider his contributions to ethnographic research and social theory. Given the range of his scholarship, a fairly detailed listing of the topics covered in the interview is presented at the outset. In addition to (a) considering Robert Prus’s own career as a scholar, attention is given to (b) his involvements in symbolic interaction as a field of study, (c) ethnographic research as a mode of inquiry, (d) generic social processes as a realm of theorizing about the nature of human group life, and (e) some specific ethnographies on which he has worked as well as (f) his critiques of both positivist and postmodernist scholarship and (g) his involvements in tracing the development of pragmatist social thought from the classical Greek era to the present time and even more recent thoughts on (h) the sociology of Emile Durkheim and (i) public sociology.
Diagnostic traps in orbital diseases – analysis and comparison of two cases
Authors: Świątek Mateusz , Ziemba Paweł , Jasiewicz Ewa , Dańków Hanna , Pojda-Wilczek Dorota
Published: February 2022

Wytrzeszcz jest objawem charakterystycznym w różnych jednostkach chorobowych. To przemieszczenie gałki ocznej oraz jej wysunięcie do przodu. Pacjentom z wytrzeszczem najczęściej towarzyszą takie objawy, jak pogorszenie widzenia, wzrost ciśnienia śródgałkowego oraz zapalenie tkanek okołooczodołowych. W pracy opisano dwa przypadki pacjentów z objawami wytrzeszczu oraz bólu okołogałkowego, którego pierwotna przyczyna nie została właściwie rozpoznana i wymagała pogłębionej diagnostyki.
U pacjenta A wysunięto podejrzenie pozagałkowego zapalenia nerwu wzrokowego w przebiegu choroby z Lyme, leczonego glikokortykosteroidami i antybiotykami. Następnie rozpoznano chorobę Gravesa i zastosowano leczenie globuliną antytymocytarną. Po miesiącu terapii zaobserwowano całkowitą utratę wzroku. Wdrożono radioterapię i sterydoterapię, uzyskując powrót widzenia.
Pacjent B, leczony przewlekle na niedoczynność tarczycy, zgłosił się do szpitala z podwyższonym ciśnieniem śródgałkowym, dwojeniem, ograniczeniem pola widzenia oraz wytrzeszczem. Początkowo diagnostyka wskazywała na oftalmopatię Gravesa (Graves’ ophthalmopathy – GO). Jednak po wykonaniu badań obrazowych oraz patomorfologicznych pobranego z oczodołu wycinka stwierdzono chłoniaka z drobnej komórki B. Po wprowadzeniu leczenia nastąpiła znaczna poprawa.
W pracy pokazano, jak ważna w przypadku rozpoznania różnicowego pomiędzy chorobami o etiologii zapalnej i nowotworowej jest pogłębiona diagnostyka.
Da metapresencialidade ao ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Guimarães Rafael Siqueira de
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste ensaio é escrutinar, por meio da análise do discurso, a proposta da metapresencialidade no Projeto da Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia como possível antecedente do ensino remoto emergencial frente à pandemia do novo coronavírus, já que este prescinde dos parâmetros estipulados pela Educação à Distância no Brasil, mas defende um uso “intensivo” de tecnologias digitais, reforçando a centralidade na ação da/o professor/a frente ao uso destas tecnologias. Foram analisados dois documentos normativos, que marcam momentos históricos da fundação e do momento atual: o Plano Orientador (2014) e a Resolução 15/2020 (2020), conectando as propostas de metapresencialidade e de ensino remoto emergencial, verificando que a proposta pedagógica em tela vem ratificando o uso das tecnologias digitais e o controle do trabalho docente dentro de um modelo liberal de educação.
Terapia ocupacional en el Perú: una historia de retos y desafíos
Authors: Flores Rios Jaime Enrique , Escobar Galindo Carlos Manuel , Céspedes Chauca Milagros de Jesús , Ramos Zuñiga Sarina Francisca , García Palacios Alicia Encarnación
Published: February 2022

La historia de la terapia ocupacional en el mundo se remonta a diferentes acontecimientos que marcaron su desarrollo, sin embargo, en el Perú no se cuentan con antecedentes claros que delimiten su evolución y la hagan visible a la comunidad peruana. Objetivos: Describir la historia, retos y desafíos de la terapia ocupacional en el Perú. Material y métodos: El estudio tuvo un diseño narrativo histórico -social centrándose en describir los acontecimientos sin establecer relaciones causales ni generalización. Las técnicas para recolectar información incluyeron , entrevistas , revisión de documentos y conclusiones de congresos. Resultados: La terapia ocupacional ha tenido grandes variaciones a lo largo de la historia que la consolidaron finalmente como una carrera profesional de la salud humanista y de servicio. Conclusiones: La terapia ocupacional en el Perú tiene más de 50 años como carrera profesional y actualmente tiene grandes retos y desafíos en la mejora de la salud y bienestar de la población con justicia y participación ocupacional.
Erotic appeals in advertising
Authors: Bažantová Simona , Štiková Eliška , Novák Michal , Gunina Daria
Published: February 2022

Erotic appeals in advertising are sometimes considered unethical or provocative. This‎study addresses how consumers perceive advertisements with erotic appeals regarding eye movement‎and subjective appropriateness. This study is methodologically based on eye-tracking to capture the‎participants’ visual attention and semi-structured interviews to obtain further in-depth information‎on the perceived appropriateness of erotic appeal in a particular advertisement from the respondent’s‎perspective. The results show a difference in how consumers look at advertising according to their‎perceived appropriateness of an erotic appeal and indicate the importance of a suitably chosen‎protagonist concerning the target group. Concerning the chosen protagonist, marketers must pay‎attention to the strength and congruence of the erotic appeal.‎