bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Authorship: The Collaborative Production of Knowledge in the Shinkenchiku Residential Design Competition (1965–2020)
Authors: Nuijsink Cathelijne
Published: November 2021

This paper challenges the notion of the heroic genius as driver of invention and development in architectural culture. It considers the production of architectural ideas prior to design as an integral part of the production of architectural projects and takes the Shinkenchiku Residential Design Competition (1965–2020), a yearly housing ideas competition from Japan, as a tangible case study for exploring notions of multiple authorship. The paper focuses on the editions of the competition judged by Toyo Ito, Rem Koolhaas, and Kazuyo Sejima–who respectively set the provocative themes of “Comfort in the Metropolis” (1988), “House with No Style” (1992), and “The Possibilities of Non- Movement” (1996)–to illustrate how this ideas competition functions as a fruitful dialogue between judge and contestants that produces architectural knowledge collaboratively. At the same time, by de-mystifying the genius of the single “star architect” judge, this paper aims to contribute to the ongoing quest to write a more inclusive global history of architecture that reveals voices hitherto silenced.
Aprendiendo de Denise Scott Brown. Más allá de «Learning from Las Vegas»
Authors: Mayorga Miguel , Fontana María-Pía
Published: November 2021

Denise Scott Brown es una de las arquitectas contemporáneas que mejor representa, ejemplifica y personifica la necesaria revisión de lo que significa “ser arquitecta” desde la perspectiva de la práctica profesional, la enseñanza, la teoría o la vivencia personal. Es decir, representa una forma de ejercer la disciplina que, a partir de lo que podemos aprender de ella, debería reenfocarse, entre otras cosas en: el reconocimiento de las cambiantes realidades urbanas contemporáneas; la necesidad del trabajo transdisciplinar y en condiciones de igualdad, equidad e inclusión; la valoración de las diferencias y especificidades de las culturas, lugares y colectivos; la redefinición del funcionalismo y su repercusión en la forma arquitectónica; lo simbólico, lo ordinario y lo cotidiano de las actividades y de la vida urbana; la importancia de la imagen, las nuevas tecnologías y el uso de los datos; y, también, en el reconocimiento del espesor cultural de la historia, en su sentido más amplio. Una figura actual y representativa de una aproximación aún vigente a la arquitectura y a la ciudad.
review of aeropalynology research in Nigeria
Authors: Ajikah Linus Bashie , Olugbenga Shadrak Alebiosu , Orijemie Emuobosa Akpo , Onah Dough Owojoku
Published: November 2021

Background: Aeropalynology is a branch of palynology that studies the content of atmospheric pollen grains and spores. The amount, concentration, and distribution of these aerospora are influenced by the seasonal flowering of parent plants and variations in climatic conditions as well as local and regional variabilities. Atmospheric pollen grains and spores are diverse and have been identified as major biological particles that trigger immune cells to release inflammatory chemical mediators, inducing respiratory-linked and allergic conditions, such as polli-nosis, among susceptible individuals.
Objective: The burden of these allergic conditions on patients, families, healthcare systems, and governments has risen globally, thereby affecting developing countries, including Nigeria, wherein the financial and infrastructural institutions are not effective enough to mitigate these challenges. Avoidance of allergenic aerospora is an effective mode of addressing pollinosis with its associated conditions. However, there is a need to ascertain the atmospheric quantity, diversity, and pattern of occurrence of allergenic pollen/spores.
Results: In this paper, we reviewed published articles on aeropalynology in Nigeria with atten-tion to the design and duration of the study and the used equipment. We further investigated whether identification and quantification of allergy-causing palynomorphs was part of published articles’ foci.
Conclusion: The availability of such data/information is crucial for reducing epidemiological uncertainties, enhancing the diagnosis of allergic conditions, and securing a robust set of mitigation strategies and/or effective treatment of these conditions in Nigeria.
Effects of the affinity to the Mediterranean diet pattern together with breastfeeding on the incidence of childhood asthma and other inflammatory and recurrent diseases
Authors: Calatayud Sáez Fernando , Calatayud Moscoso del Prado Blanca , Luque Navas Mónica , Calatayud Moscoso del Prado Ana , Gallego Fernández-Pacheco José Gregorio , Rivas Ruiz Francisco
Published: November 2021

Introduction: There is an increasing amount of data relating the dietetic pattern to health variables, although data concerning the child population are scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of affinity to the Traditional Mediterranean Diet (TMD) pattern, together with breastfeeding, on the incidence of childhood asthma and other inflammatory and recurrent diseases (IRD) in children under 2 years of age.
Methods: Single-group intervention study evaluating differences in results according to degree of adherence to TMD recommendations. According to their adhesion to the TMD-Breastfed Test, patients were classified into two groups: Group 1 (with greater adherence) and Group 2 (with less adherence). The incidence of childhood asthma and IRD was evaluated and com-pared with both groups.
Results: The score of the TMD-Breastfed Test was optimal in Group 1 and good in Group 2. It shows a marked reduction in both consultation groups “on request” compared with “planned,” with low morbidity and low use of antibiotics. The incidence of infectious diseases and recurrent bacterial complications shows a clinically relevant difference between both groups. The incidence of childhood asthma was greater and statistically significant in Group 2, with less adherence to breastfeeding.
Conclusions: In these cohorts of breastfed patients with good adherence to TMD patterns, there was evidence of a low incidence of childhood asthma and the IRD, more pronounced in the highest adherence Group 1. Some non-TMD foods have been linked to the occurrence of childhood asthma and IRD, as their dietary limitations have contributed to decreasing morbidity.
THE USE OF SURROGATE CURRENCY TO ADDRESS LIQUIDITY CRISIS: THE ZIMBABWEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Denhere Varaidzo , Mhlanga David ,   University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: November 2021

Zimbabwe has experienced an economic meltdown dating back to 2000, which created perennial economic woes such as a liquidity crisis that continued haunting the country to date. Various possible solutions were explored but did not yield the desired results. Amongst the explored solutions was an introduction of surrogate currency specifically to curb the liquidity crisis. This paper sought to explore the effects of using "surrogate currency" to address the liquidity crisis in Zimbabwe by employing a desk review. Currently, there is a dearth of literature on using surrogate currency in African countries. Hence this study contributes to the existing literature on the use of such currency. The review established that the surrogate currency led to the emergence of bad money as propounded by Gresham’s law of currency systems. Moreover, the surrogate currency rapidly lost its value, whereas the introduction of the surrogate currency failed to address the liquidity crisis, leading to other socio-economic challenges. Finally, financial reporting under the surrogate currency became a challenge as well. This study recommends the withdrawal of the surrogate currency and the use of multicurrency along with the promotion of products for export to attract more foreign currency into the economy.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR SCHOOL ROLE PLAYERS IN ADDRESSING CYBER INCIDENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   University of South Africa, South Africa, Sonhera Naume , Kritzinger Elmarie ,   University of South Africa, South Africa, Loock Marianne ,   University of South Africa, South Africa
Published: November 2021

Cyber incidents are causing major challenges for school officials who are called upon to respond to these incidents involving learners, globally. Online threats take place off the radar screen of educators and parents, and this makes it difficult to address cyber incidents in schools and more impossible to monitor off school premises. The overwhelming challenges in South African schools are that there are no clear roles and responsibilities for relevant role-players when handling cyber incidents. Therefore, this article is aimed to determine the responsibilities of role players in handling cyber incidents in South African schools. The research used a qualitative approach and purposive sampling to collect data from the learners, to get their experiences and perceptions on reporting cyber incidents. The rationale for selecting learners was based on the view that cyber aggression is a very concerning issue in the school environment. The research went on to document the responsibilities of various role-players, which include the school with its educators, principal and the learners, the Department of Basic Education, the community, and the parents. The article focused on highlighting the roles and responsibilities of role players when handling cyber incidents in South African Schools and the views of learners on adults when handling cyber incidents. The study concludes that if the role players seriously follow their roles and responsibilities, cyber incidents can be reduced in schools. It is also important to note that role players cannot work in isolation; rather, they need a coordinated approach to share the responsibilities, as cyber incidents are not restricted to the classroom or school grounds. This problem requires all role players to work together, in proactive ways to intervene and reduce cyber incidents.
CHALLENGES FACED BY SOCIAL WORKERS DEALING WITH VICTIMS AND SURVIVORS OF NATURAL DISASTERS
Authors:   University of Limpopo, South Africa, Koketso Matlakala Frans , Louis Nyahunda ,   University of the Free State & University of Limpopo, South Africa, Calvin Makhubele Jabulani ,   University of Limpopo, South Africa
Published: November 2021

Social work practice is a very unique profession and its domain of practice has grown beyond the known traditional one. Due to its wider scope, social workers are seen as frontline workers during natural disasters. The aim of this paper was to explore the challenges faced by social workers dealing with victims and survivors of natural disasters. The study adopted qualitative research approach and exploratory research design. Five social workers were purposively sampled to form part of individual semi-structured interview from Tzaneen Municipality. Data was collected until the level of saturation and analyzed thematically. The study revealed that social workers lack resources and proper training to deal with the victims and survivors of natural disasters. Moreover, the study found that there is poor inter-professional collaboration, role ambiguity and shortage of staff when disasters erupt. The study concludes that social workers are understaffed, have too much workload and are likely to experience burnout in their effort to assist victims and survivors of natural disasters. To that end, the study recommends that Department of Social Development should employ more social workers so that they can to respond during and after natural disasters.
O wątpliwych podstawach i metodologii humanistów postmodernistycznych
Authors: Duk Andrzej
Published: November 2021

Postmodernistyczni humaniści często odwołują się do badań nauk szczegółowych w celu potwierdzenia swoich tez. Powstaje jednak zasadnicze pytanie: czy potrzebują oni szczegółowych nauk, aby potwierdzić swoje badania, czy też jest odwrotnie: uważają, że wszystkie badania nauk szczegółowych wypływają z tez humanistycznych lub kulturowych? Myśliciele postmodernistyczni zakładają tę drugą opcję. Wydaje się również, że owi humaniści nie są w stanie całkowicie pozbyć się racjonalnych terminów i metod, ponieważ one lepiej opisują rzeczywistość. Problem odwoływania się do nauk ścisłych i braku własnych klarownych metod podejmowany jest w prezentowanym tekście na przykładzie prac wybranych myślicieli postracjonalnych.
Mistyczna jedność Kościoła w dziełku Dominus vobiscum św. Piotra Damianiego
Authors: Królikowski Janusz
Published: November 2021

Święty Piotr Damiani (1007–1072) w swoim bogatym dorobku teologicznym zostawił także dziełko zatytułowane Dominus vobiscum. Zajmuje się w nim kwestią jedności Kościoła, którą ujmuje w perspektywie eucharystycznej. Pokazuje, a jaki sposób Eucharystia pozwala na odpowiednie rozumienie jedności Kościoła, a także na jej odpowiednie przeżywanie duchowe. Jest to zagadnienie tym ważniejsze, że chodzi w nim o uwypuklenie zbawczego znaczenia jedności Kościoła, która w sposób niejako pierwotny opisuje tajemnicę eklezjalnej wspólnoty. Ważnym elementem wykładu św. Piotra Damianiego jest pokazanie niektórych bardziej szczegółowych, poniekąd fenomenologicznych, aspektów tej jedności, wyrastających z jej koncentracji eucharystycznej, takich jak jedność czci oddawanej Bogu, jedność w modlitwie, jedność w wielości celebracji itd. Wszystkie te aspekty sprawiają, że jedność Kościoła jawi się w swojej głębokiej rzeczywistości oraz wyłania się jasno jej znaczenie duchowe i historyczne.
Miłosierdzie antropologiczne w doświadczeniu mistycznym (Faustyna Kowalska) i refleksji filozoficznej (Józef Tischner). Elementy (teo-)antropologii ontologicznej. Część II
Authors: Macheta Lidia
Published: November 2021

Artykuł stanowi drugą część studium poświęconego analizie porównawczej dwu wizji miłosierdzia antropologicznego: religijnej o charakterze mistycznym – ukazanej w Dzienniczku Faustyny Kowalskiej i etyczno-religijnej o charakterze refleksyjnym – zawartej w myśli filozoficznej Józefa Tischnera. Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na analizie wizji miłosierdzia antropologicznego w ujęciu Tischnera. Ogólna zgodność badanych wizji w aspekcie religijnym pozwala badać je z perspektywy jednego problemu: wzajemnego oddziaływania etyki i religii. Problem jest podejmowany na gruncie (teo-)antropologii ontologicznej (bada człowieka od strony możliwości i powinności bycia sobą). Cel analiz to uzasadnienie tezy, że wzajemne oddziaływanie etyki i religii jest możliwe przy założeniu czynnika metafizycznego. Cel ten osiąga się poprzez pokazanie, że etyczno-religijne miłosierdzie antropologiczne w rozumieniu Tischnera ma metafizyczne podstawy oraz istotę i że w ich pojęciach można określać zjawiska religijnego miłosierdzia antropologicznego ukazanego w Dzienniczku.
Prawda a teza Churcha – wyzwanie rzucone tomistom
Authors: Olszewski Adam
Published: November 2021

Artykuł stawia sobie za cel, poprzez skorzystanie z bogactwa pojęciowego systemu filozofii św. Tomasza i z użyciem jego typu pojęć, sformułowanie ważnego zagadnienia współczesnej filozofii matematyki – tezy Churcha [CT]. Wskazany cel starano się najpierw uzyskać przez pogłębioną analizę Tomaszowego określenia prawdy jako „adaequatio rei et intellectus”. Analiza ta ujawniła wielkie bogactwo treści filozoficznych leżących u podstaw i ukazała jej nietrywialność. Efektem końcowym jest próba sformułowania tezy Churcha jako specyficznej instantacji definicji prawdy Tomasza. Wynik pracy jest niejednoznaczny i dlatego stanowi swoiste wyzwanie dla zwolenników tomizmu do dyskusji na ten temat.
Christian and Culture in the Personalist Thought of Stefan Wyszyński
Authors: Ficek Ryszard
Published: November 2021

Ze względu na wieloaspektowość personalistycznej koncepcji Stefana Wyszyńskiego niniejszy artykuł jest skoncentrowany na chrześcijańskiej wizji kultury. W tym kontekście zwrócono uwagę na to, w jakim zakresie personalizm może stanowić podstawę do kształtowania kultury, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do współczesnej rzeczywistości postmodernistycznej. Przeprowadzona analiza wizji kultury usytułowuje ją w odniesieniu do realiów życia chrześcijańskiego. W tym sensie, twórczą aktywność na rzecz kultury należy widzieć w kontekście realizacji pełni osobowości człowieka nie tylko w wymiarze doczesnym, ale także nadprzyrodzonym. Umożliwia to włączenie się osoby ludzkiej w nurt zachodzących przemian cywilizacyjno-kulturowych, ale równeż pozwala człowiekowi odkryć właściwe miejsce w dynamicznie zmieniających się realiach współczesnego świata.
Teologia sakramentu święceń ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stopnia diakonatu na podstawie zmian w 2009 roku w kan. 1008 oraz 1009 KPK
Authors: Trojanowski Bartosz
Published: November 2021

Problematyka diakonatu stanowi jedną z kwestii teologicznych, które nadal wymagają głębokiej refleksji. Dyskusja na ten temat powraca, chociaż zmierzając w różnych, często przeciwnych kierunkach. Zmiany w Kodeksie prawa kanonicznego wprowadzone przez dokument Benedykta XVI Omnium in mentem nie dotyczą tylko samej kwestii diakonatu. Interwencja papieska w prawo kanoniczne przyczyniła się nie tylko do ponownego odczytania ostatniego Soboru w kwestii diakonatu, ale także wszystkich trzech stopni sakramentu święceń (różnic między nimi i sakramentalnego charakteru). Innym aspektem jest kapłaństwo powszechne i kapłaństwo służebne, relacja i różnice pomiędzy nimi. Wyznaczenie przez papieża Benedykta XVI kierunku do pogłębionej refleksji doprowadziło nas do tezy, iż diakonat, mimo że stanowi pierwszy stopień sakramentu święceń, nie włącza jeszcze do kapłaństwa hierarchicznego, a przez to diakon nadal uczestniczy w kapłaństwie powszechnym.
Przebudzeniowe protestanckie tendencje charyzmatyczne XIX i początku XX wieku
Authors: Medwid Wojciech
Published: November 2021

Interesującym zjawiskiem jest szeroko pojęta z nurtu prostestanckiego działalność ruchów i osób charyzmatycznych, powołujących się na Bożego Ducha jako źródło pochodzenia niecodziennych darów. W wieku XIX i na początku XX pojawiło się wiele zjawisk „charyzmatycznych”, które stały się podstawą idei i rozwoju tzw. ruchów pentekostalnych.Autor artykułu koncentruje się przede wszystkim na uporządkowaniu tematycznym zachowań i tendencji „charyzmatycznych”, wywołujących tak wielkie oddziaływanie, oraz na ich teologicznej analizie i ocenie. Podjęta tematyka związana jest z uświęceniem i chrztem w Duchu Świętym, modlitwą i uzdrawianiem oraz darem języków.
Faith – Reason: a Problematic Relationship? Theology as an Extension of Faith in Reason
Authors: Navarro Muñoz Marcelo Javier
Published: November 2021

In this article the author reviews the interrelationship between faith and reason in the steps of John Paul II’s Encyclical Letter Fides et ratio. He explores briefly historical circumstances following Etienne Gilson. Then, he introduces philosophical and theological considerations of Cornelio Fabro to do theology in the footsteps of Aquinas. From the perspective of Thomism of the Italian philosopher and by recalling the most urgent theological tasks for the third millennium as indicated in Fides et ratio, the author presents general guidelines for the circularity of faith and reason within the context of fundamental theology. Throughout this article he reads Fides et ratio specifically through the Fabrian lens to present a fresh perspective as a contribution to fundamental theology. Finally, he recalls the conclusive recommendation of John Paul II in the aforementioned letter so as to harmonize reason and faith within a Marian framework.
Muḥammad Sayyid Ṭanṭāwī on Ijtihād: Concept and Typology
Authors: Lathoif Ghozali Muhammad
Published: November 2021

This study aimed at exploring the concept and the typology of ijtihād according to Muḥammad Sayyid Ṭanṭāwī. The concept was descriptively expressed while analyzing it using content analysis techniques with a comparative approach. Meanwhile, in scrutinizing the biography and ideas of Ṭanṭāwī, this study utilizes inductive methods and a socio-historical approach to look at his social and political circumstances that the interaction of a mujtahid with his socio-cultural or socio-political environments. The results of the study showed that ijtihād according to Ṭanṭāwī, is an outpouring of the maximum ability of a mujtahid to arrive at the sharī‘ah law by means of istinbāṭ of the sharī‘ah propositions. The area of ​​ijtihād according to Ṭanṭāwī is on the ẓanniyyāt al-thubūt texts such as the Ḥadīth which is a lot of discussion of the Ḥadīth experts about its sanad, validity, weakness and so forth, or ẓanniyyāt al-dilālah, such as the Ḥadīth or the Qur’ān which includes more than one meaning based on the meaning of lughawī or fairness of sharī‘ah. In addition, the Ṭanṭāwī’s typology of ijtihād covers the moderate and middle ground group that pay much attention to maqāṣid sharī‘ah, naṣṣ, and human interests as long as it does not conflict with naṣṣ.
ANATOMICAL-BIOMECHANICAL PECULIARITIES, PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL FEDATURES AND DIAGNOSIS OF ILIOLUMBAR LIGAMENT SYNDROME (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Golka Grygorii , Istomin Dmytro , Istomin Andrii
Published: November 2021

Low back pain is the most widespread manifestation of pathology in the locomotor system. This pain has a multifactorial nature and in a number of cases can be caused by ligament defects in the lumbosacral region, particularly in the iliolumbar ligaments. Objective. To find out the modern trends in the development, clinical manifestation and diagnosis of iliolumbar ligament (ILL) syndrome based on the analysis of scientific-medical information. Results. ILL syndrome is characterized by variability of its form, attachment sites and even number. It has been revealed that ILL’s play an important biomechanical role in providing of stability in the frontal plane on the level of LV vertebra, and in the horizontal plane they restrict rotation of LІV with respect to the pelvis. Asymmetry of the spatial orientation of ILL causes an increased risk of formation of disc herniation in LІV–SІ. Under the effect of overloads ILL’s developstructural changes or damages, whose risk increases with age. Diagnostic algorithms usually provide use of physical and radial techniques for revealing of ILL damages. Difficulties in physical diagnosis and blocking of ILL syndrome are caused by their insufficient specificity. Also rather weak is an association between pain manifestations in the low back and results of radiological examinations. CT and MRI make it possible to visualize ILL’s, but so far these opportunities do not give too much for practice because of absence of any signs, whose relationship with the appearance and dynamics of low back pain would be doubtless. Ultrasound examination is a more informative method for instrumental diagnosis of ILL syndrome. Conclusions. Development of provocative tests and therapeutic-diagnostic blocks, which hold on the principles of evidence-based medicine, is a promising trend in improving diagnosisof ILL syndrome. Biochemical criteria for revealing and monitoring ILL pathology and their correlation with sonographic characteristics of different stages in the development of ligamentopathy require specification.
DENYING TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN SMOKERS, PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL ABUSE OR IN PATIENTS WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES. WHY?
Authors: Bondarenko Stanislav , Kjærsgaard-Andersen Per , Maltseva Valentyna , Badnaoui Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Nowadays total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most successful surgical procedures in the world and the number of procedures performed is growing every year. However, its success largely depends on the absence of postoperative complications. Among the risk factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative complications are smoking, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), obesity, anemia, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, renal failure and dialysis, depression and anxiety. In the presented manuscript, such factors as HIV, smoking and alcohol abuse were considered. In smokers, bone regeneration slows down due to impaired bone metabolism and a slowdown in vascular recovery. Alcohol abuse affects human immunity, inhibiting T-helper cells, and also causing blood coagulation disorders. Alcohol abuse increases the risk of hospital complications, surgery related complications and general medical complications. Smoking can increase the risk of septiccomplications (lower respiratory tract infection, sepsis, urinary tract infection), myocardial infarction, risk of aseptic loosening of implants. Mortality was also higher in smokers compared to nonsmokers. HIV increases bone fragility, debilitation, rate of cardiovascular diseases and decreases the number of CD4+ cells in the blood, which directly affects the risk of periprosthetic joint infections and revision. All three factors increase the patient's lengthof stay in the hospital after THA. Currently, recommendations have been developed for preventive measures that need to be taken to reduce the risk of postoperative complications by performing primary THA. According to the recommendations, quitting smoking and drinking alcohol 4 weeks before THA will significantly reduce the risk of postoperative complications. For HIV-positive patients, antiretroviral therapy and subsequent assessing the viral load arerequired prior to THA. Preoperative care in this category of patients, undergoing primary THA, can reduce the risk of complications.
MOLECULAR HYDROGEN GENERATOR GVCH LIFE
Authors: Moseichuk Volodymyr , Moseichuk Vladyslav , Makolinets Vasyl
Published: November 2021

Molecular hydrogen is one of the effective antioxidants, which not only does not disrupt normal metabolism in the body, but also activates its antioxidant systems. Hydrogen-saturated water has  antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-apoptotic properties, stimulates energy metabolism and contributes to the systemic recovery of the body. It is used as a therapeutic factor for the treatment of patients with various pathologies: arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, metabolic disorders, disorders of the musculoskeletal system. The article discusses the various methods of obtaining molecular hydrogen and hydrogen water (direct and indirect saturation). Technical characteristics are described and features of the hydrogen generator GVCh Life (manufacturer LTD «Chemtest Ukraine+», Kharkiv, Ukraine), which produces molecular hydrogen (purity of which is 99.99 %, productivity — 100 ml/min) and saturates water with it (https://chemtest.com.ua/generator_vodorodnoy_vodi_i_dihanie_gvch_life). In contrast to the problems of most known generators in the device GVChLife is completely no contact of the electrodes with water, so it is not subject to electrolysis and is not saturated with metal ions. Water saturated in this way has the following characteristics: redox potential 560 mV, hydrogen concentration 1.0–1.15 ppm(water volume 1 l, saturation duration 10 min). The generator can be used for both hydrogen saturation and hydrogen inhalation. In the case of therapeutic use of hydrogen water to obtain it, you can use any drinking water (spring, prepared or non-carbonated bottled), hydrogen inhalation using nasal cannulas. Inhalation of pure hydrogen gas (99.99 %) for 30 minutes is equal to the use of 15 liters of hydrogen water (concentration 1.1–1.2 ppm). Conclusions. The developed MoHC Life molecular hydrogen generator is safe to use, without special requirements during operation. It can be successfully used in the complex therapy of patients with various diseases, including musculoskeletal system.
Colonial Revolution and Liberatory War: from Communist to Post-Colonial Theory (Georgy Safarov, Mao Zedong and Frantz Fanon)
Authors: Bugrov Konstantin D.
Published: November 2021

The article investigates the intellectual roots of the concept of colonial revolution, which goes back to the 2nd congress of the Communist International, examines its importance in shaping the Communist political thought and outlines its subsequent transformation in the wake of post-colonial theory. The author starts with analyzing the political ideas of Georgi Safarov—Comintern [the Communist International] theorist. He was among the most original thinkers who elaborated the concept of colonial revolution. Safarov, drawing from his own experience in Central Asia, insisted that global capitalism is “retreating to the positions of feudalism” while operating in colonies, treating them as collective “serfs” and lacking any proper social basis save for its own enormous military force. Such analogy led Safarov to envisage the colonial revolution as a “plebeian” revolt and liberatory war against the inhumane and stagnant colonial order, opening the way for a non-capitalist development with certain assistance from the Soviet Union. Similar ideas were independently formulated by Mao Zedong in the 1930s. He saw colonial revolution in China as a “protracted war” of liberation and listed the conditions under which victory was possible. However, the subsequent development of a former colony was seen by Mao as a transitory period of “democratic dictatorship”. Similar ideas of colonial revolution as a liberatory peasant war and “plebeian” movement were developed by Franz Fanon in the context of his own war experience in Algeria. Developing the idea of “plebeian”, peasant revolt and justifying the violence as the sole means of ending the rule of colonial power, Fanon at the same time differed from the tradition of the 2nd Comintern Congress (represented by Safarov, Mao and the others) while describing the independent existence of former colonies. For Fanon, the worst consequence of colonial rule is not permanent backwardness but psychological trauma, an inevitable result of a brutal conquest which requires therapy. The author concludes that such conceptual transformation was stimulated not merely by the disappointment in Soviet and Chinese economic strategies, but also in the geographical and cultural factor which made the reintegration with the former colonial powers preferable to the direct “escape” into the socialist camp.
Perceived Efficacy of Virtual Leadership in the Crisis of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bizilj Sanja , Boštjančič Eva , Sočan Gregor
Published: November 2021

As a crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies quickly established virtual leadership systems and enabled employees to continue their work from home. This cross-sectional research addresses virtual leadership efficacy assessed by the leaders and by their employees. The findings suggest that leaders evaluate themselves significantly better than their employees, and their leadership efficacy mainly depends on their previous experience of working from home and ability to use communication technologies. This research contributes to the understanding of the factors that have the biggest influence on the belief in leadership efficacy in the context of a rapidly evolving system of remote work.
The significance of the nursing actions in psychiatric hospitalization of female adolescent users of psychoactive substances
Authors: Mello Rita Mello de , Schneider Jacó Fernando , Nasi Cíntia , Camatta Marcio Wagner , Kohlrausch Eglê Rejane , Lacchini Annie Jeanninne Bisso , Mello Tainá Moreira de
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To understand the significance of the actions developed by the nursing team in a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit for adolescent female users of psychoactive substances in the light of Alfred Schutz’s phenomenological sociology framework. Method Qualitative study with Alfred Schutz’s Phenomenological Sociology approach. Four nurses and 17 nursing assistants and technicians from a General Hospital in the city of Porto Alegre participated in the study. Results Three concrete categories emerged: nursing actions as being-with-the-other; collective nursing actions as a potential for shared act and nursing actions as expectations and challenges. Final considerations The actions developed by the nursing team are established through intersubjective relationships, based on bonding and dialogue, but there is still a need for nursing to enhance its actions by expanding the offer of collective therapeutic activities aligned with the psychosocial care model.
Childbirth experience of women in a maternity hospital signatory of the Adequate Childbirth Project: mixed study
Authors: Barbosa Luara de Carvalho , Wernet Monika , Baraldi Nayara Girardi , Fabbro Marcia Regina Cangiani , Polido Carla Betina Andreucci , Bussadori Jamile Claro de Castro
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To understand the childbirth experience of women assisted in a maternity hospital signatory of the Adequate Childbirth Project. Methodology Mixed study, carried out in 2018. Applied the Free Word Association Test in 62 pregnant women and then conducted an open interview with 18 of them, then puerperal women, and, for analysis, the Central Nucleus Theory, Word Cloud, and thematic Categories, respectively. Results The predominant words revealed in the quantitative stage were: pain, wonderful, recovery, anxiety, and desires. The qualitative analysis is presented by thematic categories “Women’s insecurities in the PPA model” and “New perspectives from experience in the PPA model”. Conclusions The women’s experiences demonstrated that the model favored the remodeling of childbirth care. However, they still experience pain, dissatisfaction, and lack of autonomy. The impossibility of choosing a trusted professional was a source of insecurity, and nurses had no voice in decisions and actions in care.
Dehospitalization of technology-dependent children: the perspective of the multiprofessional health team
Authors: Klein Kassiely , Issi Helena Becker , Souza Neila Santini de , Ribeiro Aline Cammarano , Santos Érika Eberlline Pacheco dos , Senhem Graciela Dutra
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To know the dehospitalization of technology-dependent children from a multiprofessional perspective. Method A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out in 2018 at a Teaching Hospital in the city of Porto Alegre. The participants were 15 members of the multidisciplinary health team. In data production, we used the Dynamics of Creativity and Sensitivity, “Creative Storm”, which is part of the Sensitive Creative Method. Data interpretation occurred based on Thematic Content Analysis. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Results Dehospitalization is influenced by the absence of planning according to the reality of the child and the family. In addition, there is predominance of health services with a physician-centered model, unscheduled discharge, overload of professionals, and communication problems between the staff, the health network and the family. Final Considerations Despite knowing the importance of dehospitalization, it still occurs in a fragmented manner, with hasty hospital discharge, preventing safe dehospitalization and with greater planning.
Graphic Math: A Collection of Interviews With Creators of Mathematically Themed Graphic Novels
Authors: Nasar Audrey
Published: November 2021

This article presents interviews with five noteworthy creators of mathematically themed graphic novels in an effort to provide insight into how they developed their storylines and visuals to incorporate mathematical concepts. The creators interviewed include Larry Gonick of the educational graphic series The Cartoon Guide to (Gonick and Smith, 1993; Gonick and Huffman, 2008; Gonick, 2012; Gonick, 2015), Robert Lewis and Jennifer Granville of Prime Suspects: The Anatomy of Integers and Permutations (Granville and Granville, 2019), Apostolos Doxiadis of Logicomix: An Epic Search for Truth (Doxiadis et al., 2009), and Gene Luen Yang of Secret Coders (Yang and Holmes, 2015). Two of the interviewees created graphic novels for scholastic purposes and were therefore guided by pedagogy, while the others let the story be their guide. Despite these differences, the combination of interviews offers advice and suggestions for writers, illustrators, and educators interested in creating or using mathematical graphic content. The interviews took place between the 5th of June and the 31st of December, 2020.
Dijital Seyahat Aracıları Marka Değerinin Müşteri E-Tatmini ile İlişkisi
Authors: KÜTÜK Anil , YILMAZ Burcu Selin
Published: November 2021

Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerinin her geçen gün hayatımızdaki rolünün artması ile turizm ve seyahat işletmeleri de faaliyetlerini internete taşıyarak çevrimiçi platformlara dönüşmüştür. Günümüzde seyahat işletmeciliğini internet ortamına taşıyan dijital seyahat aracıları, icraatlarını çevrimiçi ortamda sürdüren ve seyahat endüstrisinin gelişmesine katkı sağlayan ana unsurlardan biridir. Dijital seyahat aracıları, rakiplerine kıyasla avantaj sağlamak ve marka değerini artırmak için müşteri tatminini yüksek tutmak zorundadır. Bu bağlamda dijital seyahat aracılarının sahip oldukları marka değeri, müşterilerin gözünde fark yaratarak satın alım tercihlerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Sahip oldukları güçlü marka değerinin dijital seyahat aracıları müşterilerinin e-tatminine etkisi konusu ise bu çalışmanın problemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada, dijital seyahat aracılarının marka değerinin, müşterilerin e-tatminleri üzerindeki etkisinin ölçümüne yönelik bir araştırmaya yer verilmiştir. Ocak, Şubat ve Mart 2021 aylarında herhangi bir dijital seyahat aracısından satın alım yapan toplam 421 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilen ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesinin kullanıldığı araştırmanın sonucunda marka değerinin alt boyutlarından marka çağrışımları ve marka sadakatinin e-tatmini pozitif olarak etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
The Employee's Right to Freedom of Religion versus the Employer's Workplace Needs: An Ongoing Battle: TDF Network Africa (Pty) Ltd v Faris 2019 40 ILJ 326 (LAC)
Authors: Ebrahim Shamier
Published: November 2021

The right to religion is well protected in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) as well as attendant legislation. Section 15(1) of the Constitution provides that all persons have the right to freedom of religion. Section 31(1) of the Constitution then goes on to state that persons who belong to a religious community, amongst others, may not be denied the right to practise their religion with other members of that community. Section 9(3) of the Constitution prohibits the state from unfairly discriminating against any person directly or indirectly on several grounds, which include the ground of religion. Section 9(4) of the Constitution on the other hand prohibits any person from unfairly discriminating against any other person on the ground of religion, amongst others. These constitutional protections resonate in both the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 and the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998. Despite these protections, the right to freedom of religion is still a contested subject in the workplace, inter alia. The contestation intensifies when the right to freedom of religion results in an employee not being able to comply with one or more of the employer's workplace needs. Employers' who do not understand the balance that has to be struck between the employee's right to freedom of religion and its workplace needs will often find themselves on the wrong side of our labour laws if they dismiss an employee without having due regard to the employee's religion. This is what transpired in TDF Network Africa (Pty) Ltd v Faris 2019 40 ILJ 326 (LAC).
Land suitability evaluation for surface irrigation development using parametric evaluation approach: The case of Gudina Wacho watershed, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Gidey Weldeabzgi , Tekalign Ketema , Gezahegn Gashu , Sime Deressa
Published: November 2021

Evaluating land suitability of a given watershed is vital to predict potential and limitation of the land for surface irrigation. The present study was evaluated the suitability of Gudina Wacho watershed for surface irrigation development using parametric evaluation approach. The watershed was classified in to four lands mapping units, based on three soil profile pits were opened at each land mapping unit. Soil samples from each profile pit have been taken to analyze each selected soil physical and chemical properties. Slop analysis of the watershed was computed from the DEM using GIS technique. Results of the land suitability evaluation for surface irrigation showed that, a total area of 3064 ha (72.6%) was slightly suitable (S3) and area of 1154 ha (27.4%) was currently not suitable (N1). The limiting factors were slop, soil texture and drainage. For all land mapping units, chemical soil parameters such as CaCO3, ECe and pH, and the physical parameter (soil depth) were not limiting factors for surface irrigation in the study watershed. Therefore, the area is potential for irrigation production with some limitations and under proper management it can benefit the local community to meet the food demand. In order to sustainably develop the area for irrigation development; land leveling operation or soil conservation work has to be incorporated to break surface slope and to make it suitable for surface irrigation.
Sosyal etkileşim ortamı olan kent parklarında kullanıcı tercihlerinin belirlenmesi: Artvin-Hopa örneği
Authors: KARAŞAH Banu , AŞIK Seden
Published: November 2021

İnsanların sosyal refahı ve psiko-fiziksel sağlığı üzerinde etkili bir faktör olan kent parkları, bireylerin kent yaşamından uzaklaşıp doğayla etkileşim kurabilecekleri ve sosyalleşebilecekleri mekanlar sunmaktadır. Bu mekanların sağladığı servislerin sürekliliği kullanıcıların alandan elde ettikleri faydalarla bağlantılıdır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada kent parklarında kullanıcı tercihlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma alanı olarak Hopa ilçesinin kullanım yoğunluğu fazla olan 15 Temmuz Demokrasi Şehitleri Parkı ve 14 Mart Parkı seçilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanıcı tercihlerinin belirlenmesinde 215 kişiyle anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Kullanıcıların mekânsal tercihlerinin belirlenmesinde ise gözlem tekniğinden faydalanılmıştır. Anket çalışması sonucunda kullanıcıların çalışma alanını yılda birkaç defa ve daha çok yaz aylarında ziyaret ettiği, çalışma alanında daha çok öğleden sonra ve akşam saatlerinde 0-1 saat zaman geçirdikleri, çalışma alanını sahil kenarında oturmak, yürüyüş yapmak ve deniz manzarasını seyretmek amacıyla kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Alanların daha çok çocuklara yönelik olması, yöresel lezzetlerin eksikliği ve toplu oturma alanlarının olmaması çalışma alanında görülen eksikliklerdir. Gözlem çalışmasının sonucunda da kullanıcıların çok yoğun ve yoğun kullandığı mekanların çocuk oyun alanı, yürüyüş yolları, iskele, su kenarı oturma alanları ve yeme-içme alanları olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ışığında kullanıcıların alanı dört mevsim kullanılabileceği, daha uzun zaman geçirilebileceği, farklı yaş gruplarına da hizmet verecek bir alan olması yönünde öneriler getirilmiştir.
The Development of Sub-Regional Institutions in Southeast Asia: The Case of BIMP-EAGA
Authors: Hashim Hafiizh , Abdul Hai Julay Abdul Hai Julay
Published: November 2021

The relationship between economics and sub-regionalism remains relatively unexplored, particularly in the Asia-Pacific context. This article seeks to broaden the comprehension of various dimensions of this relationship. One of the focuses is to understand the circumstances in which sub-regional institutions have come to be defined as components of economic development in Southeast Asia. Another is to develop a more nuanced approach to regional studies, one that recognizes that institutional changes can occur in many forms, like Historical Institutionalism. This paper’s starting point is on the emphasis that institution is a social construction: political contestations between the social forces in the domestic often influences how state shaped regional institutions that would serve their interest. It uses the critical juncture framework championed by the Historical Institutionalist approach during that particular period to produce divergent outcomes. This study uses BIMP-EAGA to provide some grounds for optimism on the relationship between institutional changes and economic development in the region. Keywords: Historical Institutionalism, critical juncture, economic development, institutional changes, sub-regional institutions, and BIMP-EAGA
Approaches to the justification of targeted subsidies for drugs in providing medical care in ambulatory conditions in military medical organizations
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yuri V. , Shcherba Maria P. , Merkulov Andrey V.
Published: November 2021

This study presents the results of the analysis of the funding mechanisms for drug supply of assigned contingents in the provision of outpatient medical care in military medical organizations. Existing approaches to determining methods for optimizing the need for drugs are considered. In addition, this paper presented approaches to the formation of a formulary list of medicinal products of a military medical organization. This study also showed the possibility of using pharmacoeconomic assessment in justifying targeted subsidies for drug supply. The relevance of the analysis of the assortment structure for entry into the approved list of vital and essential medicines is emphasized. A possible algorithm for substantiating a targeted subsidy for drug supply in the provision of outpatient medical care within the framework of military health care involved eight stages. First, the incidence of attached contingents entitled to drug supply at the expense of the Russian Ministry of Defense for outpatient treatment was analyzed. Second, the nomenclature of medicines was determined by comparing the incidence pattern of attached contingents with the list of medicines presented in the standards of medical care and clinical recommendations. Third, groups of drugs (with specific and wide spectrum of action) normally used are distinguished, considering the uniqueness of consumption when predicting (planning) demand. Fourth, the need for medicines were formulated using the normative method, modeling method, and logicoeconomic and other methods for determining the need, taking into account the peculiarities of their application in medical, social, and economic conditions of the military medical organization. Fifth, the created drug list was optimized based on the combined ABC-VEN analysis. Sixth, the formal list of the military medical organization was optimized by taking into account the results of pharmacoeconomic research on the treatment of specific diseases. Seventh, an analysis of the assortment structure in relation to the list of vital and essential drugs was performed to further substantiate their economic, clinical, and pharmacoeconomic effectiveness. Eighth, a targeted subsidy for drug supply was calculated, and application was filed, which contained calculations of planned costs with the appendix of the list of planned drugs for purchase, as well as commercial proposals justifying its cost.
Clonus with multiple neuritis
Authors: Gromashevsky L. V.
Published: November 2021

In my present work, I mean to state the history of the disease of one rather exceptional case of lineuritis, which I had the opportunity to observe in the spring1913 in the clinics of my dear teacher, Professor N.M. Popov, and about which I will allow myself to express some considerations, relying mainly on literary data.
Hemichorea and hemiparesis of a hysterical character
Authors: Bondarev N. I.
Published: November 2021

Cases of hysterical chorea were observed earlier on a huge scale. So from the beginning of the XIV century, they began to describe strange epidemics of mass homogeneous convulsions and involuntary movements especially common in monasteries, places of worship to shrines and around preaching.