bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A second chance at life: people's lived experiences of surviving out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Forslund Ann‐Sofie , Jansson Jan‐Håkan , Lundblad Dan , Söderberg Siv
Published: February 2017

Background

There is more to illuminate about people's experiences of surviving out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and how such an event affects people's lives over time.

Aims

This study aimed to elucidate meanings of people's lived experiences and changes in everyday life during their first year after surviving OHCA.

Methods

A qualitative, longitudinal design was used. Eleven people surviving OHCA from northern Sweden agreed to participate and were interviewed 6 and 12 months after the event. A phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation was used to analyse the transcribed texts.

Findings

The structural analysis resulted in two themes: (i) striving to regain one's usual self and (ii) a second chance at life, and subthemes (ia) testing the body, (ib) pursuing the ordinary life, (ic) gratitude for help to survival, (iia) regaining a sense of security with one's body, (iib) getting to know a new self, and (iic) seeking meaning and establishing a future.

Conclusion

To conclude, we suggest that people experienced meanings of surviving OHCA over time as striving to regain their usual self and getting a second chance at life. The event affected them in many ways and resulted in a lot of emotions and many things to think about. Participants experienced back‐and‐forth emotions, when comparing their present lives to both their lives before cardiac arrest and those lives they planned for the future. During their first year, participants’ daily lives were still influenced by ‘being dead’ and returning to life. As time passed, they wanted to resume their ordinary lives and hoped for continued lives filled with meaning and joyous activities.
Factors facilitating nurses to deliver compassionate care: a qualitative study
Authors: Zamanzadeh Vahid , Valizadeh Leila , Rahmani Azad , van der Cingel Margreet , Ghafourifard Mansour
Published: February 2017

Background

Compassion is an important ethical foundation of all healthcare professionals especially for nursing. However, there is little understanding of factors which could help and motivate nurses to deliver compassionate care in modern healthcare practices today. Moreover, a cultural context may affect the way compassionate care is delivered by healthcare professionals.

Aims and objectives

This study aimed to explore what facilitates compassionate care in daily practice from the unique perspective of Iranian nurses.

Research methods

This qualitative exploratory study was conducted in four hospitals. In this study, 16 nurses were selected from various wards. Data were collected by in‐depth, face‐to‐face interviews. For data analysis, a conventional content analysis approach was used.

Results

As the most important theme, the theme ‘deepening individual's capacity for compassionate care’ emerged, which consisted of three categories: the personal system of values and beliefs, patient experience and positive role models of compassion.

Conclusions

Addressing and developing nurses’ capacity for compassion is possible by providing organisational support and professional education, next to recruiting nurses with a high motivation to relieve patient suffering. These recommendations would help to provide high‐quality compassionate care in healthcare practices. Moreover, nurses could improve their individual capacity for compassion by following their value and belief system and by considering their colleagues as a role model of compassionate practice.
Complete Genome Sequences of Legionella pneumophila subsp.
fraseri
Strains Detroit-1 and Dallas 1E
Authors: Raphael Brian H. , Kozak-Muiznieks Natalia A. , Morrison Shatavia S. , Mercante Jeffrey W. , Winchell Jonas M.
Published: February 2017

We report here the complete genome sequences of two of the earliest known strains of
Legionella pneumophila
subsp.
fraseri
. Detroit-1 is serogroup 1 and was isolated from a lung biopsy specimen in 1977. Dallas 1E is serogroup 5 and was isolated in 1978 from a cooling tower.
Genome Sequence of Pasteurella multocida Strain Razi_Pm0001
Authors: Sprague Lisa D. , Tadayon Keyvan
Published: February 2017

We report here the genome sequence of
Pasteurella multocida
Razi_Pm0001 from bovine origin, isolated in Iran in 1936. The genome has a size of 2,360,663 bp, a G+C content of 40.4%, and is predicted to contain 2,052 coding sequences.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Neptuniibacter
sp. Strains LFT 1.8 and ATR 1.1
Authors: Diéguez A. L. , Romalde J. L.
Published: February 2017

We present the draft genomes of two strains previously identified as
Neptuniibacter
sp. LFT 1.8 (= CECT 8936 = DSM 100781) and ATR 1.1 (= CECT 8938 = DSM 100783) isolated from larvae of great scallops (
Pecten maximus
) and seawater, respectively. Both strains surely constitute two novel species in this genus, with putative applications for aromatic compound degradation.
Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus paracasei Strain LC-Ikematsu, Isolated from a Pineapple in Okinawa, Japan
Authors: Tada Ipputa , Saitoh Seikoh , Aoyama Hiroaki , Shinzato Naoya , Yamamoto Norikuni , Arita Masanori , Ikematsu Shinya
Published: February 2017

The draft genome sequence of
Lactobacillus paracasei
strain LC-Ikematsu, isolated from a pineapple in Okinawa, was determined. The total length of the 87 contigs was 3.08 Mb with a G+C content of 46.2% and 2,946 coding sequences. The genome analysis revealed its biosynthetic ability of 11 amino acids.
Salinity-regulated expression of genes involved in GABA metabolism and signaling
Authors: Zarei Adel , Chiu Greta Z. , Yu Guanghui , Trobacher Christopher P. , Shelp Barry J.
Published: February 2017

4-Aminobutyrate (GABA) is a nonproteinogenic amino acid that functions in stress tolerance and signaling. Here, we report that salinity stress and elevated GABA levels coincided with the induction of glutamate decarboxylase 4 (GAD4) expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. ecotype Col-0. In-silico and microarray analysis revealed the over-representation of binding sites for WRKY and MYB transcription factors in the GAD4 promoter, as well as their co-expression with GAD4. Transcript profiling of liquid culture-grown, wild-type plantlets subjected to salinity stress for up to two days confirmed that GAD4 expression is associated with the inducible co-expression of WRKY28, WRKY30, WRKY40, MYB2, MYB15, and MYB108, as well as calmodulin-like 37 and aluminum-activated malate transporter 2, suggesting the involvement of gene regulation, protein activation, and anion transport in GABA accumulation. Transcript profiling of shoots from soil-grown, wild-type plants and corresponding single and double GAD mutants subjected to two days of salinity stress suggests that the GABA accumulation could involve post-translational activation of pre-existing GAD1 and GAD2 by elevated cytosolic calmodulin, as well as induction of GAD4 expression.
Light gauge boson Z′ and LFV decays of the electroweak gauge boson Z
Authors: Lai Jie-Ting , Yue Chong-Xing
Published: February 2017

Recently, there is a growing interest of a light leptophilic gauge boson [Formula: see text], which might explain the [Formula: see text] puzzle. Considering the constraints on the [Formula: see text] coupling [Formula: see text], we calculate its contributions to the lepton flavor violation (LFV) decay [Formula: see text]. We find that this kind of new light gauge boson [Formula: see text] might make the LFV decay [Formula: see text] to be probed in future [Formula: see text] colliders.
Research Directions for Cyber Physical Systems in Wireless and Mobile Healthcare
Authors: Stankovic John A.
Published: February 2017

Wireless and mobile healthcare systems are proliferating. Many of these systems are Cyber Physical Systems (CPS). However, the complexities involved in building healthcare systems often go beyond those CPS systems that are constructed using principles from physics and other natural physical sciences. In healthcare CPSs, complex human physiology and free will, both of which are person dependent, are paramount. These complexities give rise to many new research problems for CPS. This article highlights some of the major new research questions and promising directions for wireless and mobile healthcare CPSs of the future.
Fundamental Limits of Cyber-Physical Systems Modeling
Authors: Lee Edward A.
Published: February 2017

This article examines the role of modeling in the engineering of cyber-physical systems. It argues that the role that models play in engineering is different from the role they play in science, and that this difference should direct us to use a different class of models, where simplicity and clarity of semantics dominate over accuracy and detail. I argue that determinism in models used for engineering is a valuable property and should be preserved whenever possible, regardless of whether the system being modeled is deterministic. I then identify three classes of fundamental limits on modeling, specifically chaotic behavior, the inability of computers to numerically handle a continuum, and the incompleteness of determinism. The last of these has profound consequences.
Control Strategies for Self-Adaptive Software Systems
Authors: Filieri Antonio , Maggio Martina , Angelopoulos Konstantinos , D’ippolito Nicolás , Gerostathopoulos Ilias , Hempel Andreas Berndt , Hoffmann Henry , Jamshidi Pooyan , Kalyvianaki Evangelia , Klein Cristian , Krikava Filip , Misailovic Sasa , Papadopoulos Alessandro V. , Ray Suprio , Sharifloo Amir M. , Shevtsov Stepan , Ujma Mateusz , Vogel Thomas
Published: February 2017

The pervasiveness and growing complexity of software systems are challenging software engineering to design systems that can adapt their behavior to withstand unpredictable, uncertain, and continuously changing execution environments. Control theoretical adaptation mechanisms have received growing interest from the software engineering community in the last few years for their mathematical grounding, allowing formal guarantees on the behavior of the controlled systems. However, most of these mechanisms are tailored to specific applications and can hardly be generalized into broadly applicable software design and development processes.

This article discusses a reference control design process, from goal identification to the verification and validation of the controlled system. A taxonomy of the main control strategies is introduced, analyzing their applicability to software adaptation for both functional and nonfunctional goals. A brief extract on how to deal with uncertainty complements the discussion. Finally, the article highlights a set of open challenges, both for the software engineering and the control theory research communities.
Oscillatory lower body negative pressure impairs working memory task-related functional hyperemia in healthy volunteers
Authors: Merchant Sana , Medow Marvin S. , Visintainer Paul , Terilli Courtney , Stewart Julian M.
Published: February 2017

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) describes the link between an increase in task-related neural activity and increased cerebral blood flow denoted “functional hyperemia.” We previously showed induced cerebral blood flow oscillations suppressed functional hyperemia; conversely functional hyperemia also suppressed cerebral blood flow oscillations. We used lower body negative pressure (OLBNP) oscillations to force oscillations in middle cerebral artery cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv). Here, we used N-back testing, an intellectual memory challenge as a neural activation task, to test the hypothesis that OLBNP-induced oscillatory cerebral blood flow can reduce functional hyperemia and NVC produced by a working memory task and can interfere with working memory. We used OLBNP (−30 mmHg) at 0.03, 0.05, and 0.10 Hz and measured spectral power of CBFv at all frequencies. Neither OLBNP nor N-back, alone or combined, affected hemodynamic parameters. 2-Back power and OLBNP individually were compared with 2-back power during OLBNP. 2-Back alone produced a narrow band increase in oscillatory arterial pressure (OAP) and oscillatory cerebral blood flow power centered at 0.0083 Hz. Functional hyperemia in response to 2-back was reduced to near baseline and 2-back memory performance was decreased by 0.03-, 0.05-, and 0.10-Hz OLBNP. OLBNP alone produced increased oscillatory power at frequencies of oscillation not suppressed by added 2-back. However, 2-back preceding OLBNP suppressed OLBNP power. OLBNP-driven oscillatory CBFv blunts NVC and memory performance, while memory task reciprocally interfered with forced CBFv oscillations. This shows that induced cerebral blood flow oscillations suppress functional hyperemia and functional hyperemia suppresses cerebral blood flow oscillations.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that induced cerebral blood flow oscillations suppress functional hyperemia produced by a working memory task as well as memory task performance. We conclude that oscillatory cerebral blood flow produces causal reductions of memory task neurovascular coupling and memory task performance. Reductions of functional hyperemia are constrained by autoregulation.
Right ventricular metabolism during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in immature swine heart in vivo
Authors: Kajimoto Masaki , Ledee Dolena R. , Isern Nancy G. , Portman Michael A.
Published: February 2017

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) provides hemodynamic rescue for patients encountering right or left ventricular (RV or LV) decompensation, particularly after surgery for congenital heart defects. ECMO, supported metabolically by parenteral nutrition, provides reductions in myocardial work and energy demand and, therefore, enhances functional recovery. The RV must often assume systemic ventricular pressures and function on weaning from VA-ECMO. However the substrate utilization responses of the RV to VA-ECMO or stimulation are unknown. We determined RV and LV substrate utilization response to VA-ECMO in immature swine heart. Mixed-breed male Yorkshire pigs (33–49 days old) underwent normal pressure volume loading (control, n = 5) or were unloaded by VA-ECMO (ECMO, n = 10) for 8 h. Five pigs with ECMO received intravenous thyroid hormone [triiodothyronine (T3)] to alter substrate utilization. Carbon 13 (13C)-labeled substrates (lactate and medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids) were systemically infused as metabolic tracers. Analyses by nuclear magnetic resonance showed that both ventricles have similar trends of fractional 13C-labeled substrate contributions to the citric acid cycle under control conditions. VA-ECMO produced higher long-chain fatty acids and lower lactate contribution to the citric acid cycle via inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase, whereas T3 promoted lactate metabolism in both ventricles. However, these metabolic shifts were smaller in RV, and RV fatty acid contributions showed minimal response to perturbations. Furthermore, VA-ECMO and T3 also achieved high [phosphocreatine]/[ATP] and low [NADH]/[NAD+] in LV but not in RV. These data suggest that the RV shows decreased ability to modify substrate utilization and achieve improvements in energy supply/demand during VA-ECMO.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We showed that the right ventricle unloaded by venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) has diminished capacity to alter substrate utilization compared with the left ventricle. This decrease in metabolic flexibility contributes to the inability to increase high-energy phosphate reserves during myocardial rest by VA-ECMO.
Heart rate kinetics during exercise in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism
Authors: Almas Saulo Peters , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Coelho Emerson Filipino , Teixeira Patrícia de Fátima dos Santos , Vaisman Mario
Published: February 2017

Studies suggest that patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) have sympathovagal imbalance, which could lead to a slower heart rate (HR) response in the transition from rest to exercise. Thus the objective of this study was to investigate the behavior of the HR kinetics in patients with SH during the transition from rest to exercise. The study included 18 SH women [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) = 6.95 ± 2.94 μIU/ml and free thyroxine (FT4) = 0.96 ± 0.15 ng/dl] and 17 euthyroid women (TSH = 2.28 ± 0.84 μIU/ml and FT4 = 0.98 ± 0.07 ng/dl). Both groups were matched for physical activity, menopausal status, and age. The HR kinetics was obtained during the course of a constant-load exercise (50 W), for 6 min, in a cycle ergometer, and quantified from the mean response time (MRT), which is equivalent to the time taken to reach 63% of the HR at steady state. SH patients showed slower HR kinetics than the control group (MRT = 48.5 ± 17.6 vs. 36.0 ± 10.3 s, P = 0.015). The MRT has been shown to correlate with the level of physical activity ( r = −0.361; P = 0.033) and with the subjective perception of exertion at the end of the exercise ( r = 0.365; P = 0.031). It is concluded that SH patients have slower HR kinetics in the transition from rest to exercise compared with euthyroid women, with this impairment being associated with lower levels of physical activity.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Subclinical hypothyroidism patients have slower heart rate kinetics in the transition from rest to exercise when performing a constant-load exercise at 50 W.
Effects and prevalence of nonresponders after 12 weeks of high-intensity interval or resistance training in women with insulin resistance: a randomized trial
Authors: Álvarez Cristian , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Izquierdo Mikel
Published: February 2017

Our aim was to investigate the effects and prevalence of nonresponders (NR) to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) in women with insulin resistance on cardiometabolic health parameters. Sedentary overweight/obese insulin-resistant women (age = 33.5 ± 6.5 yr; body mass index = 29.9 ± 3.7 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to a triweekly HIIT program (HIIT; n = 18) or resistance training (RT; n = 17). Anthropometry (body mass, fat mass, muscle mass, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness), cardiovascular (blood pressure), metabolic [fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], as well as muscle strength, and endurance performance covariables were measured before and after 12 wk in both intervention groups. The interindividual variability to exercise training of the subjects was categorized as responders and NR using as cut points two times the typical error of measurement in mean outcomes. After intervention, significant reduction in waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, fat mass, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR ( P < 0.05) were identified to HIIT and RT group, respectively. Both HIIT and RT groups exhibited a significant decrease in the endurance performance, whereas only RT exhibited increased muscle strength. Significant differences in the NR prevalence between the HIIT and RT groups were identified for a decrease in fat mass (HIIT 33.3% vs. RT 70.5%; P = 0.028), muscle mass (HIIT 100% vs. RT 52.9%; P = 0.001), and tricipital skinfold (HIIT 5.5% vs. RT 29.4%; P < 0.041). For diastolic blood pressure, significant differences were observed in the NR prevalence between the HIIT and RT groups (55.5% vs. 94.1; P = 0.009). However, there were no differences in the NR prevalence between HIIT and RT for decreasing fasting glucose. Twelve weeks of HIIT and RT have similar effects and NR prevalence to improve glucose control variables; however, there is different NR prevalence in other anthropometric, cardiovascular, strength, and endurance performance measurements in insulin-resistant women. These findings were displayed with a similar time investment per week of 114 vs. 108 min, respectively, to HIIT and RT.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effects and prevalence of nonresponders (NR) to improve glucose control variables have predominately been reported by endurance training. A uniqueness of the present study was to examine the NR prevalence in women with insulin resistance after high-intensity interval (HIIT) and resistance training (RT). This study demonstrates that 12 wk of HIIT and RT have similar effects and NR prevalence to improve glucose control variables. However, significantly different NR prevalence were observed in other anthropometric, cardiovascular, strength, and endurance performance measurements.
Análise da consolidação da funcionalidade manual de hemiparéticos crônicos após terapia de movimento induzido pela restrição.
Authors: Almeida Akeline Santos de , Santos Juliana De Santana , Garção Diogo Costa
Published: February 2017

Diversos métodos de intervenção são utilizados para a reabilitação da função manual de hemiparéticos, dentre os quais está a Terapia de Movimento Induzido pela Restrição (TMIR). O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a possível consolidação da funcionalidade manual após três meses do término da TMIR em hemiparéticos crônicos pós-AVE. Participaram deste estudo 16 sujeitos, distribuídos em Grupo Intervenção (GI) e Grupo Controle (GC). Os integrantes do GI foram submetidos à TMIR, enquanto o GC realizou o mesmo treino funcional sem a contensão. Os sujeitos foram avaliados pré, pós e após três meses da intervenção com os instrumentos de avaliação padronizados: Motor Activity Log (MAL), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) e o Action Research Arm Test (ARAT). Os dados foram analisados através do teste ANOVA seguido pelo post hoc Student – Newman – Keuls. O GI apresentou aumento significativo do desempenho nos testes MAL (p=0,001), WMFT (p=0,05) e ARAT (p=0,03) e não se constatou diferença significativa (p=1) da AV2 para AV3 no GI em todos os testes, indicando aumento do uso espontâneo, função motora e destreza manual/digital que se mantiveram após três meses do término do protocolo. A TMIR aumentou a funcionalidade manual de hemiparéticos crônicos e os ganhos funcionais permaneceram três meses após o término da terapia.
“Saved a Generation”
Authors: Nair Smitha S. , Kalarivayil Rajesh
Published: February 2017

The last three decades have witnessed campaigns in India by the women’s health movement against provider-controlled contraceptives, i.e., long-acting contraceptives, non-surgical sterilisation and anti-fertility vaccines. These campaigns are examined to understand and analyse the engagement of women’s groups with contraceptive technology in opposing the entry of these contraceptives into the Family Planning Programme (FPP) of the country. The rise of social movements challenging scientific knowledge and scientific institutions is attributed to the “scientisation” of politics; however, we argue that the politicisation of contraceptive technology and its research was the result of women’s collective action in India. The paper explores collective action strategies and intersecting frames of overpopulation, development and technology used by women’s groups to consistently oppose the provider-controlled contraceptives from entering the FPP of the country. The paper uses the internal documents of women’s organisations, media reports and personal interviews to explore the engagement of women’s collective action with contraceptive technologies.
The Role of Life Satisfaction on Election Voting Preferences in Malaysia
Authors: Ng Jason Wei Jian , Vaithilingam Santha , Rangel Gary John
Published: February 2017

Ethnicity and urbanisation have been the most studied predictors of electoral outcomes in Malaysian general elections. In this study, we examine life satisfaction in the political science literature that can also influence Malaysian electoral outcomes. Using data from the World Values Survey conducted in Malaysia shortly before the General Election in 2013, we leverage on responses to a survey question asking respondents to indicate the political party they would vote for if a national election were held the next day, and empirically investigate the relationship between life satisfaction and voting preferences. We find that respondents with higher levels of life satisfaction will have a higher probability of voting for the ruling party, with the magnitude of this effect relatively comparable to that of the ethnic effect. We also empirically show that this outcome is due to the preference for status quo, defined on two levels, in the Malaysian political scene.
The effects of home reading activities during preschool and Grade 4 on children’s reading performance in Chinese and English in Hong Kong
Authors: Kam Tse Shek , Zhu Yu , Yan Hui Sau , Ng Hung Wai
Published: February 2017

The English and Chinese reading proficiency of 1376 Grade 4 students in 24 Hong Kong primary schools were assessed using measures developed for the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study. Students’ parents provided information about home reading activities (HRA) aimed at supporting their children’s reading prior to them entering school (“early home reading activities”, EHRA) and during Grade 4 (“home reading activities”). Results indicated that EHRA was a stronger predictor of reading performance in both Chinese and English than HRA. Moreover, ‘typical’ HRA such as reading books, telling stories and singing songs were found to be predictive of reading performance in both Chinese and English. In English, in addition, playing word games or character puzzles were also activities beneficial to reading performance. Together, these results provide evidence for the beneficial effects of traditional early childhood activities at home such as book reading, telling stories and singing songs for reading performance in later primary school in children’s first as well as second language.
Children’s Education and Parents’ Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Lee Chioun , Glei Dana A. , Goldman Noreen , Weinstein Maxine
Published: February 2017

Using five waves of the Taiwanese Longitudinal Study of Aging (1996–2011), we investigate (1) the association between family members’ education and the age trajectories of individuals’ depressive symptoms and (2) gender differences in those relationships. Our examination is guided by several theoretical frameworks, including social capital, social control, age as leveler, and resource substitution. Nested models show that having a more educated father is associated with lower depressive symptoms, but the relationship disappears after controlling for respondent’s education. Including spouse’s education attenuates the coefficient for respondent’s education. A similar pattern appears when children’s education is added to the model. Among all the family members, children’s education has the strongest association with depressive symptoms, with a similar magnitude for both genders, although its strength gradually weakens as respondents age. Our findings suggest the importance of the transfer of resources from children to parents and how it may affect mental health at older ages.
A Dyadic Examination of Marital Quality at the Empty-Nest Phase
Authors: Bouchard Geneviève
Published: February 2017

This study aims to achieve a better understanding of the later stages of the family life cycle by exploring couples' marital quality during the empty-nest years of their relationships, using the actor–partner interdependence mediation model. The empty nest is the family stage that begins with the departure of children from home. In the hypothesized model of marital quality, husbands' and wives' satisfaction at having raised successful children serve as predictor variables, whereas their levels of perceived stress act as mediators. A sample of 344 participants, forming 172 heterosexual couples, participated in the study. The results of path analyses indicated that the model provided an acceptable fit for the data. Closer examination suggested that wives' and husbands' perceived stress fully mediate the relationships between husbands' tendency to view their children as successful adults and both spouses' marital quality. The article discusses interdependence and gender differences between spouses concerning their empty-nest experience.
Slumdog romance: Facebook love and digital privacy at the margins
Authors: Arora Payal , Scheiber Laura
Published: February 2017

Facebook has consolidated its position as the one-stop-shop for social activity among the poor in the global South. Sex, romance, and love are key motivations for mobile and Internet technology usage among this demographic, much like the West. Digital romance is a critical context through which we gain fresh perspectives on Internet governance for an emerging digital and globalizing public. Revenge porn, slut-shaming, and Internet romance scams are a common and growing malady worldwide. Focusing on how it manifests in diverse digital cultures will aid in the shaping of new Internet laws for a more inclusive cross-cultural public. In specific, this article examines how low-income youth in two of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) nations – Brazil and India – exercise and express their notions on digital privacy, surveillance, and trust through the lens of romance. This allows for a more thorough investigation of the relationship between sexuality, morality, and governance within the larger Facebook ecology. As Facebook becomes the dominant virtual public sphere for the world’s poor, we are compelled to ask whether inclusivity of the digital users comes at the price of diversity of digital platforms.
Aging With Disability for Midlife and Older Adults
Authors: Verbrugge Lois M. , Latham Kenzie , Clarke Philippa J.
Published: February 2017

This analysis brings “aging with disability” into middle and older ages. We study U.S. adults ages 51+ and ages 65+ with persistent disability (physical, household management, personal care; physical limitations, instrumental activities of daily living [IADLs], activities of daily living [ADLs]), using Health and Retirement Study data. Two complementary approaches are used to identify persons with persistent disability, one based directly on observed data and the other on latent classes. Both approaches show that persistent disability is more common for persons ages 65+ than ages 51+ and more common for physical limitations than IADLs and ADLs. People with persistent disability have social and health disadvantages compared to people with other longitudinal experiences. The analysis integrates two research avenues, aging with disability and disability trajectories. It gives empirical heft to government efforts to make aging with disability an age-free (all ages) rather than age-targeted (children and youths) perspective.
Migration and Sexual Resocialisation
Authors: Mole Richard C. M. , Gerry Christopher J. , Parutis Violetta , Burns Fiona M.
Published: February 2017

Based upon a survey of more than three thousand respondents and forty in-depth interviews, the aim of this article is to examine the impact of migration on sexual resocialisation. In particular, we show how living in London influenced the attitudes of Central and East European migrants towards pre-marital sex and homosexuality. While the general acceptability of pre-marital sex was not affected by time spent in London, differences were noted in the meaning attached to sex outside marriage in the United Kingdom compared with Central and Eastern Europe. Particularly significant changes were observed in our respondents’ attitudes towards homosexuality, with a greater liberalisation the result of extrication from mechanisms of social control, re-socialisation into new social norms regarding sex and sexuality, greater visibility of sexual difference in London and, in particular, inter-personal contacts with gays and lesbians. Limitations to the general liberalisation of attitudes were also noted.
Integration of Quality and Innovation Practices for Global Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Indian SMEs
Authors: Gupta Hima
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this article is to pragmatically analyze the effects of quality and innovation practices on the organizational performance from the sustainability perspective. Further, the researcher also aims to understand the effect of quality and innovative initiatives on the global sustainability as a whole. The study uses data obtained from a survey of 126 organizations comprising manufacturing (121) and services (5) both in India. The respondents chosen to answer the questions must have sufficient knowledge of innovation practices being deployed in the organizations at large. Descriptive statistics were used in order to determine the sustainability-oriented innovation practices deployed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied to extract the factors and to provide the basis for gauging their reliability and validity. In addition, regression analysis was used to see the effect of sustainability-oriented practices on organizational performance as a whole. The sustainability-oriented innovation practices are definitely conducive to foster growth and performance benefits, provided and supported by this research based on theoretical and practical inputs taken from the leading manufacturing hubs in India.
Extending the TAM Model: Intention of Management Students to Use Mobile Banking: Evidence from India
Authors: Kumar V.V. Ravi , Lall Anurag , Mane Tanmay
Published: February 2017

The educated youth in India have adapted well to technology and technology-based solutions. Much of it has been attributed to the increased usage of computers, Internet and the smartphones among the educated youth in India. It becomes a useful and important exercise, therefore, to study their attitude towards new technology-based products and services in view of the fact that this segment has a requirement for utilizing banking services for at least the next 30 years. Banking has been one industry which has been in the forefront in offering technology-based delivery channels like ATM, Internet banking and mobile banking. This article studies the underlying factors influencing management students in their intention to use mobile banking. The study utilizes two constructs of the technology adoption model and then extends it further to include two additional constructs. The results suggest that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, social influence and trust propensity are the underlying factors in respect of the behavioural intention to use mobile banking services.
Soft fault detection and correction for multigrid
Authors: Altenbernd Mirco , Göddeke Dominik
Published: February 2017

We introduce a novel algorithm-based fault-tolerance scheme to detect and repair soft transient faults (silent data corruption, bitflips) in multigrid solvers: by applying the full approximation scheme (FAS) variant of multigrid to linear systems, we prove invariants that enable fault detection and correction, and ultimately lead to a black-box protection of the smoothing stage. A statistical analysis for a wide range of prototypical problems demonstrates the efficiency of our approach, especially compared with full checksum protection. In particular, the overhead of our new method is negligible in the fault-free case, since we only employ readily available quantities.
Apostolicity: The Ecumenical Question in World Christian Perspective
Authors: Bevans Stephen B.
Published: February 2017

John Flett’s major work on apostolicity rejects any understanding that privileges cultivation over communication, and that understands the church as a culture to which Christians must acculturate. Rather, building on Johannes Hoekendijk’s ecclesiology in dialogue with insights from World Christianity, apostolicity needs to be understood as the church’s constant moving across boundaries, faithful to Christ, the only ground of apostleship.
EKG Electrode as a Tactile Locator of Stoma after Decannulation
Authors: Garcia‐Rodriguez Laura , Miah Tayaba , Lindholm Jamie , Chang Steven , Ghanem Tamer
Published: February 2017

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the use of an electrocardiogram (EKG) electrode over decannulation dressings covering the stoma to improve speech intelligibility and volume and reduce air escape by facilitating identification of the “sweet spot” of the dressing. No objective data exist for patient outcomes with use of the EKG electrode dressing.

Methods

This prospective study included head and neck oncology patients at a tertiary hospital who received a tracheostomy. A standard tracheostomy decannulation dressing was placed followed by an EKG electrode. A speech pathologist evaluated speech volume via sound‐level meter and captured speech intelligibility for random sentence‐level speech. A blinded reviewer scored speech samples for intelligibility. Patients completed a 4‐question satisfaction survey.

Results

Four patients completed the study. Based on the survey, the patients favored the button, with the lowest scores being 8.5 out of 10. Speech understanding was 48.5% without the button and 83% with the button. Normal speech volume was 73.75 dB without the button and 77.75 dB with the button. Loud speech volume was 80.75 dB without the button and 87 dB with the button.

Discussion

This pilot study shows objective benefits of the EKG button as well as improved patient satisfaction. Inexpensive and low maintenance, the EKG electrode provides better occlusion of stoma dressing with easier localization.

Implications for Practice

Dissemination of our results will aim to improve quality and patient outcomes following decannulation.
Internal Control of Construction Companies As a Way to Ensure the Reliability of the Accounting (Financial) Statement
Authors: Чайковская  , Chaykovskaya L. , Михеев  , Mikheev M. , Гуськов  , Guskov Sergei
Published: February 2017

The article considers actual questions of the reliability of the accounting and reporting information, reveals the main concepts, related to the distortion of information in the accounting and fi nancial (accounting) statement.
Commentary and Illocutionary Expressions in Linear Calculi of Natural Deduction
Authors: Cordes Moritz , Reinmuth Friedrich
Published: February 2017

We argue that the need for commentary in commonly used linear calculi of natural deduction is connected to the “deletion” of illocutionary expressions that express the role of propositions as reasons, assumptions, or inferred propositions. We first analyze the formalization of an informal proof in some common calculi which do not formalize natural language illocutionary expressions, and show that in these calculi the formalizations of the example proof rely on commentary devices that have no counterpart in the original proof. We then present a linear natural deduction calculus that makes use of formal illocutionary expressions in such a way that unique readability for derivations is guaranteed – thus showing that formalizing illocutionary expressions can eliminate the need for commentary.
Management of the first episode of traumatic shoulder dislocation
Authors: Boffano Michele , Mortera Stefano , Piana Raimondo
Published: February 2017

Shoulder joint dislocation is the most common joint dislocation seen in the emergency department. Traumatic dislocation may cause damage to the soft-tissues surrounding the shoulder joint and sometimes to the bone. The treatment, which aims at restoration of a fully functioning, pain-free and stable shoulder, includes either conservative or surgical management preceded by closed reduction of the acute dislocation. Conservative management usually requires a period of rest, generally involving immobilisation of the arm in a sling, even though it is still debated whether to immobilise the shoulder in internal or external rotation. Operative management, with no significant differences in term of re-dislocation rates between open and arthroscopic repair, incorporates soft-tissue reconstructions and/or bony procedures and is recommended in young male adults engaged in highly demanding physical activities. At our institution, non-operative management is favoured particularly for patients with multi-directional instability or soft-tissue laxity. Conservative measures are often preferred in older patients or younger patients that are not actively engaged in overhead activities. Immediate surgery on all first-time dislocations may subject many patients to surgery who would not have had any future subluxation. For these reasons, initially we will always try physical therapy and activity modification for the vast majority of our patients.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:35-40.DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160018.
Book Review: City Trees: ID Guide to Urban and Suburban Species
Authors: Pramuk Jessica L , Benus Matthew J.
Published: February 2017

This is a book review of  City Trees: ID Guide to Urban and Suburban Species.
Mechanistic-Empirical Asphalt Pavement Design Considering the Effect of Seasonal Temperature Variations
Authors: Haponiuk B. , Zbiciak A.
Published: February 2017

The paper analyses the influence of seasonal temperature variations on fatigue strength of flexible and semi-rigid pavement structures chosen for KR4 traffic flow category. The durability of pavement determined assuming a yearly equivalent temperature of 10°C and assuming season-dependent equivalent temperatures was compared. Durability of pavement was determined with the use of Asphalt Institute Method and French Method. Finite Element Method was applied in order to obtain the strain and stress states by the means of ANSYS Mechanical software. Obtained results indicate a considerable drop in pavement durability if seasonal temperature variations are considered (up to 64% for flexible pavements and up to 80% for semi-rigid pavements). Durability obtained by the French Method presents lower dependence on the analysed aspect.
Analyse of the Challenges for Safe Transition from Individual Intraoperable Railway Systems to the Single European Interoperable Railway System
Authors: Pawlik M.
Published: February 2017

Due to different reasons a significant modal shift from railway to road transport took place over last decades. The basic reasons are pointed in the paper introduction together with contradicting transport policy taking into account environmental and economical challenges. Political vision to stimulate modal shift from road and air to railway cannot become true without achieving railway technical and operational interoperability. Paper describes wide range of technical barriers between individual intraoperable railway systems in civil engineering structures, traction power supply, control command and signalling and the ways, which are being applied to ensure stepwise converging of the technical solutions taking into account safety and technical compatibility, as well as other essential requirements, namely: reliability, accessibility, health and environment.
Split-Step Timing of Professional and Junior Tennis Players
Authors: Filipcic Ales , Leskosek Bojan , Filipcic Tjasa
Published: February 2017

The purpose of the study was to determine the timing of a split-step in three categories of tennis players in four groups of strokes. Subjects were divided into three groups: male and female junior, and male professional tennis players. During two tournaments, all matches were recorded with two fixed video cameras. For every stroke, the timing of the split-step between the opponent’s impact point when hitting the ball and the player’s split-step was measured. A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences between groups of strokes, players and the interaction Player x Stroke Group. A Tukey post-hoc test was employed to determine specific differences. The results revealed differences between players in detecting the opponent’s movement, stroke and ball flight, which were reflected in different split-step timings. Each tennis player has his/her own timing mechanism which they adapt to various game situations. Response times differ significantly depending on the game situation. On average, they are the lowest in the serve, and then gradually rise from the return of the serve to baseline game, reaching the highest values in specific game situations. Players react faster in the first serve than in the second one and in the return of the serve, the response times are lower after the return of the second serve
Optimal Decentralized Supplementary Inverter Control Loop to Mitigate Instability in an Islanded Microgrid with Active and Passive Loads
Authors: Raju P. E. S. N. , Jain Trapti
Published: February 2017

The growing penetration levels of passive and rectifier interfaced active loads can cause instability in an islanded inverter based microgrid. This may be due to the dynamics associated with passive loads and interaction between the control loops of active loads and inverter-interfaced DGs. This paper proposes a decentralized supplementary control loop around each inverter-interfaced distributed generation (DG) unit to mitigate the instability caused by both the active as well as passive loads. The proposed control loop is based on a robust linear quadratic regulator with prescribed degree-of-stability (LQRPDS). In order to obtain the optimal values of the state and control weighting matrices of LQRPDS, a bi-objective optimization problem has been formulated and solved using a fast and elitist multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The proposed decentralized supplementary

control loop does not interfere with the steady state performance and provides robust control performance under various load configurations as well as step load disturbances. Eigenvalue analysis and time-domain simulations have been used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed decentralized supplementary control loop.
Optical Modulation Enhancement Through CW Injection Locking of a Sinusoidally Modulated Fabry-Perot Laser Diode
Authors: Chakraborty Meenakshi , Chattopadhyay Taraprasad
Published: February 2017

This paper reports an interesting phenomenon of optical modulation enhancement produced by CW optical sideband injection locking of a directly modulated Fabry-Perot Laser Diode (FPLD) lasing at 1557.1 nm wavelength, the modulation being sinusoidal in nature and effected at 300 kHz and 3 MHz. This investigation is carried out for direct modulation of the FPLD effected in the RF region at 300 kHz and 3 MHz in contradistinction to earlier studies being conducted with the modulation in the microwave frequency band. A nonlinear analysis has been carried out which corroborates experimental observation on modulation enhancement. At low level of optical Intensity Modulation (IM) index, not exceeding 20 %, typical modulation enhancement of 2 % at 300 kHz and 11 % at 3 MHz modulation frequency have been observed. Larger modulation enhancement is expected at higher values of IM indices of the slave FPLD and for medium to high power laser diodes. This circuit can have direct application in Wavelength Division Multiplexed-Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON).
Distanciamiento ilustrado en las argumentaciones deconstructoras de Rousseau
Authors: Higuero Francisco Javier
Published: February 2017

En conformidad con lo explicado por Jean-Jacques Rousseau a lo largo de su producción filosófica, el estado ideal de la naturaleza no sólo se define como anterior a categorizaciones lingüísticas, sino que, hasta cierto punto, ha sido romantizado por diversos críticos, abocados a presentar las ideas de dicho pensador como marcadamente alejadas de la premisas y propuestas esgrimidas por el movimiento cultural de la Ilustración. Tal estado originario de la naturaleza se presta a ser considerado como pacífico, harmónico, vacío de envidia y prelingüístico o silencioso. En semejantes circunstancias, el habitante de tal entorno natural se aproximaba al mundo directamente y sin las fisuras producidas por elucubraciones culturales, provenientes de dictámenes civilizatorios. Sin embargo, la teoría de la voluntad general, defendida por Rousseau en El contrato social,  desarrolla estrategias argumentativas dirigidas a superar el aislacionismo congénito al habitante del estado de la naturaleza, intentando deconstruir la dicotomía binaria que enfrentaba a la abstracta racionalidad ilustrada con la inmediatez de la experiencia primigenia. Wayne State University, Detroit, USA