bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of flatfoot correction on the ankle joint following lateral column lengthening: A radiographic evaluation
Authors: Choi Ji Hye , Choi Yoon Hyo , Kim Dae Hyun , Lee Dong Yeon , Koo Seungbum , Lee Kyoung Min
Published: November 2023

Objectives

The effects of foot deformities and corrections on the ankle joint without osteoarthritis has received little attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of flatfoot correction on the ankle joint of patients without osteoarthritis.

Methods

Thirty-five patients (24 men and 11 women; mean age 17.5 years) who underwent lateral column lengthening for flatfoot deformities were included. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 20.5 months (standard deviation [SD]: 15.7 months). Radiographic indices were measured pre- and postoperatively, including anteroposterior (AP) and lateral talo-first metatarsal angles, naviculocuboid overlap, position of the articulating talar surface, and lateral talar center migration. Postoperative changes in the radiographic indices were statistically analyzed.

Results

There was significant postoperative improvement in flatfoot deformity in terms of AP and lateral talo-first metatarsal angles (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and naviculocuboid overlap (p<0.001). On lateral radiographs, the talar articulating surface dorsiflexed by 7.3% (p<0.001), and the center of the talar body shifted anteriorly by 0.85 mm (p<0.001) postoperatively.

Conclusions

Flatfoot correction using lateral column and Achilles tendon lengthening caused dorsiflexion and an anterior shift of the articular talar body in patients without osteoarthritis. Correction of flatfoot deformity might affect the articular contact area at the ankle joint. The biomechanical effects of this change need to be investigated further.
Lived experience of people on anti-retro viral therapy in the context of covid-19: A phenomenological study
Authors: Kassie Tadele Derbew , Wasihun Yosef , Aschale Abiot , Ambaw Fentie
Published: November 2023

Introduction

People living with human immune virus (HIV) are confronting multiple psychosocial and economic issues influenced by the illness. People on anti-retro viral drugs (ART) were at risk for discontinuation of medications during corona viral disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 outbreak made people living with HIV (PLWH) to experience critical challenges and barriers to optimal care. The experience of people living with HIV such as stigma and discrimination, economic problem, psychosocial problem before the emergency of COVID-19 were studied but there is lack of understanding on the lived experience of people living with HIV in the context of COVID-19 in Ethiopia particularly in Tach Gayint. This study aimed to explore the lived experience of people on ART in context of COVID-19 in Tach Gayint district.

Methods and materials

Phenomenological study design conducted with 16 study participants from March 12-April 12/2021. Data were collected using in-depth interview using interview guide and digital recorder. The investigator took note in addition to digital record. Interviews were transcribed word for word and translated conceptually. Analysis followed Reading of transcriptions, develop and apply coding, displaying data, data reduction and interpretation. Atlas.ti-7 software used to facilitate analysis. The quality of data was assured by the principles of credibility, dependability, conformability and transferability.

Result

The study explored psychological experience, change in social interaction, and economic experience and ART drug interruption as the main themes including other sub-themes. Most participants perceived the severity of COVID-19 on them. Lack of participation in social activities due to fear of contracting and the participants experienced dying and loss of income. This extreme fear pushed some participants to interrupt their daily ART intake especially during lock down period. Personal, familial and community context contributed for these distressing experiences.

Conclusion and recommendation

This study reported participants’ psychosocial, economic experiences including ART drug interruptions. The government should design policies and interventions to alleviate their personal, household and community problems, which were the caused for the mentioned hostile experiences.
The outcomes of patients with kidney failure due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in Australia and New Zealand: A cohort study using the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA)
Authors: Bose Bhadran , Milanzi Elasma , Pascoe Elaine M. , Johnson David W. , Badve Sunil V.
Published: November 2023

Background

The outcomes of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) have not been well described. This study evaluated the outcomes of patients with kidney failure due to FSGS on KRT including dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Method and materials

All adult patients with kidney failure who commenced KRT in Australia and New Zealand from 15th of May 1963 to 31st of December 2018 were retrospectively extracted from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry. Outcomes of patients with FSGS were compared to those with other causes of kidney failure (non-FSGS).

Results

85,052 patients commenced KRT during the study period, of whom 2991 (3.5%) were patients with FSGS. Compared to patients with non-FSGS, patients with FSGS experienced similar mortality on dialysis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.98, 95% CI 0.90–1.06, p = 0.55) and following kidney transplantation (aHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.73–1.15, p = 0.47). The risk of first kidney allograft loss was higher in patients with FSGS (aHR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04–1.37, p = 0.01). However, when death was analysed as a competing risk, the survival in both groups was similar (sub-hazard ratio [SHR] 1.09, 95% CI 0.94–1.28, p = 0.26). Patients with FSGS had a longer waiting time for kidney transplantation (aHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98, p = 0.02) and experienced an increased risk of disease recurrence in the allograft (aHR 1.73, 95% CI 1.35–2.21, p<0.001). Compared to patients with other forms of glomerular disease, patients with FSGS experienced similar dialysis and transplant patient survival and death-censored rate of kidney transplantation and allograft loss but higher rates of primary kidney disease recurrence.

Conclusion

FSGS was associated with similar dialysis and transplant patient survival and death-censored first allograft loss compared to non-FSGS and other forms of glomerular disease.
TACKLING BRIBERY IN ACCESSING KENYAN CITIZENSHIP: TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING AND ENFORCING ANTI-CORRUPTION MEASURES
Authors: Lugulu Julie
Published: November 2023

Every Kenyan citizen has the right to acquire civic identification documents pursuant to article 12 of the Kenyan Constitution, 2010. This right allows Kenyans to apply for birth certificates, national identification documents and passports. These identification documents are crucial in proving that a person has a genuine link with Kenya which in turn unlocks their enjoyment of socioeconomic and political rights. Conversely, without identity documentation, a person’s access to socioeconomic and political rights is limited. Consequently, one may face challenges in accessing education, adequate healthcare, opening a bank account, travelling abroad, owning property, voting and vying for political posts, among others. The Department of Civil Registration Services has the mandate of registering births and deaths, while the National Registration Bureau is tasked with providing national identification documents. Reports conducted by the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) and the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) indicate that some applicants seeking civic identification documents were asked for bribes by some registration officials in order to acquire the documentation or expedite the process . Kenya has made positive strides towards combating corruption through enacting extensive domestic anti-corruption legislation and ratifying international and regional legislation on anti-corruption. This paper argues that, successful implementation and enforcement of the existing anti-corruption laws by anti-corruption agencies will play a major role in curbing bribery that is experienced while accessing identification documents in Kenya.
FIFTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PROCEDURE AND THE JOURNAL OF ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW: 7 SEPTEMBER 2023
Authors: Kinnes Irvin
Published: November 2023

In recent years, several investigative reporters, scholars and academic researchers have written books on corruption in South Africa. The revelations regarding corruption have been immensely and profoundly concerning. Today, these “discoveries” of corruption continue and more books, journal articles and reports continue to be written. More revelations of different types of corruption that have permeated every sector of the society .
What Do We Learn about Capitalism from Chip War?
Authors: Varman Rahul
Published: November 2023

Chip War (Simon and Schuster, 2022) by Chris Miller is a detailed accounting of the U.S. efforts to retain control of the computer chip industry—an industry that has become vital to nearly all aspects of modern life. Rahul Varman explores and expands on these themes, asking all the while: What can the escalating wars over this crucial technology teach us about global capitalism?
'Ballad of an American'
Authors: Yates Michael D.
Published: November 2023

Michael Yates reviews Ballad of an American, a newly released graphic biography of Black actor, singer, and activist Paul Robeson. The book gives an uncompromising look at a complicated, passionate man, wholly dedicated to the cause of liberation.
Discipline-specific attitudinal differences of EMI students towards translanguaging
Authors: Webb Rhian , Yuksel Dogan , Dikilitaş Kenan
Published: November 2023

This study examines discipline-specific attitudinal differences in translanguaging when studying through English Medium Instruction following a mixed methods research design. The quantitative data for this study came from the Mathematics, Physical and Life Sciences (n = 173) and Social Sciences (n = 172) divisions of a major public university in Turkey. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted (n = 20). After conducting exploratory factor analysis to validate the questionnaire, we ran two independent samples t-tests to investigate the differences in the attitudes of the participants. Results revealed a statistically significant difference in the general attitudes towards translanguaging in the two divisions but not regarding their attitudes towards teachers’ and their own use of translanguaging in class. The qualitative analysis provided partial support for the quantitative analysis. The research suggests important implications by validating the translanguaging questionnaire in the Turkish setting and by highlighting discipline-specific differences observed towards translanguaging practices.
From Choir to Chamber: Negotiating Vocal Music in the Zurich Reformation
Authors: Missfelder Jan-Friedrich
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the role of music, singing and voice in the development of the Zurich Reformation. It argues that the silencing of musical elements in the course of the Zwinglian liturgical reform was due to a new understanding of devotion, prayer and both individual and communal agency in church services. Zwingli and the Zurich reformers took issue with Gregorian chant in particular and applied a decidedly Erasmian understanding of religious communication as inward, silent devotion. Musical religiosity was transferred from the sacred space of the choir (kor) to the private homes of believers (kämerlin). Moreover, by simultaneously extending the notion of devotion and prayer to practices of everyday urban life, the liturgical reforms contributed to a sacralization and Christianization of the city as an urban space.
Rejudaized Jesus: The Early Transylvanian Sabbatarian Concept of the Messiah
Authors: Újlaki-Nagy Réka
Published: November 2023

The sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Transylvanian Sabbatarians represented one of the most radical form of the Reformation whose only retained doctrinal link to Christianity was belief in Jesus. By the mid-nineteenth century, even this last doctrine dropped out of their faith and they officially converted to Judaism, thus founding the only proselyte congregation in contemporary Europe. They were immediately suspected of having ulterior motives for their conversion, and in the twentieth century, accusations proliferated of deliberate Jewish proselytizing and bribery. Here, we go back to the beginnings and search the Sabbatarians’ earliest texts for the original, theological grounds that they themselves asserted. The working hypothesis is that analysis of this key article of faith, belief in Jesus, is sufficient to mark out the later course of the Sabbatarians’ theological development. The interpretation of the messianic mission and tasks clearly indicates which side the Sabbatarians would lean to in the course of their several centuries of balancing between Christianity and Judaism.
Anesthetic management of fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty: A case report
Authors: Lei Xiaofeng , Huang Xuezhu
Published: November 2023

Anesthesia management of fetal pulmonary valvuloplasty (FPV) is difficult, requiring careful consideration of both the mother and the fetus. Few reports have been published on specific anesthesia implementation and intraoperative management. We report the case of a pregnant woman who was treated with FPV under combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) with dexmedetomidine in the second trimester of pregnancy. Meanwhile, the application of fetal anesthesia through the umbilical vein was optimal. During the operation, the vital signs of the pregnant woman were stable with no complications and the fetal bradycardia was corrected by intracardiac injection of epinephrine. Four months postoperatively, a boy was born alive by full-term transvaginal delivery. CSEA may be a suitable anesthesia method for FPV surgery. Nevertheless, maternal hemodynamic stability maintenance, effective fetal anesthesia, and timely fetal resuscitation were necessary.
Asymptotically almost periodic mild solutions for some partial integrodifferential inclusions using scale of Banach spaces
Authors: El Matloub Jaouad , Ezzinbi Khalil
Published: November 2023

We are interested in the existence of mild solutions for a class of partial integrodifferential inclusions in infinite dimensional Banach spaces. First, we show the existence of mild solutions with the help of a scale of Banach spaces, the theory of resolvent operators, and the fixed point theory for the measure of non-compactness. Moreover, we examine the existence of asymptotically almost periodic solutions for our problem. Finally, an example of the abstract results is provided.
Pandemic retelling: What GoFundMe posts reveal about the socioeconomic context of COVID-19 death and bereavement among Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities in the United States
Authors: Amador Eileen , Hernández-Chincoya Robin , Riley Alicia R.
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 has had an outsized impact on Latinx communities in the United States, turning thousands of individuals into newly bereaved survivors. Despite an eagerness among scholars to document social inequities in COVID-19, data limitations prevent a deeper understanding of the socioeconomic context of COVID-19 death. This study explores the social relationships, economic factors, and emotional experiences that surround COVID-19 deaths among the members of Spanish-speaking Latinx communities in the United States, as retold in user-written posts on the GoFundMe crowdfunding platform. GoFundMe posts for funeral and related expenses in the aftermath of a COVID-19 death are an unexplored source of information about the impacts of COVID-19 mortality inequities on the health and well-being of bereaved individuals. First, we used computational query methods to systematically identify a sample of Spanish-language/bilingual GoFundMe posts from U.S. locations referencing the death of someone due to COVID-19. After excluding posts that did not meet search criteria, we used deductive and inductive coding to analyze a corpus of selected posts (n = 68). We found that a more complete story about the social context of COVID-19 deaths in Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities includes a focus on family roles and responsibilities, compounded financial hardship, risk of complicated grief, religiosity, and unexpected death. Our exploratory study highlights the need for further research into the contextualized health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 bereavement for structurally marginalized communities.
Antibody‐mediated SARS‐CoV‐2 entry in cultured cells
Authors: Kibria Md Golam , Lavine Christy L , Tang Weichun , Wang Shaowei , Gao Hailong , Shi Wei , Zhu Haisun , Voyer Jewel , Rits‐Volloch Sophia , Keerti  , Bi Caihong , Peng Hanqin , Wesemann Duane R , Lu Jianming , Xie Hang , Seaman Michael S , Chen Bing
Published: November 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) enters host cells by first engaging its cellular receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to induce conformational changes in the virus‐encoded spike protein and fusion between the viral and target cell membranes. Here, we report that certain monoclonal neutralizing antibodies against distinct epitopic regions of the receptor‐binding domain of the spike can replace ACE2 to serve as a receptor and efficiently support membrane fusion and viral infectivity in vitro. These receptor‐like antibodies can function in the form of a complex of their soluble immunoglobulin G with Fc‐gamma receptor I, a chimera of their antigen‐binding fragment with the transmembrane domain of ACE2 or a membrane‐bound B cell receptor, indicating that ACE2 and its specific interaction with the spike protein are dispensable for SARS‐CoV‐2 entry. These results suggest that antibody responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 may help expand the viral tropism to otherwise nonpermissive cell types with potential implications for viral transmission and pathogenesis.
Microplastics: toxicity and Bioacumulation at the first trophic levels of the food chain
Authors: Mara Haluch Silvia , Caroline Haluch Flavia
Published: November 2023

Microplastics are dispersed in nature in all planetary compartments, and can be found in the most remote places of the Ecosystem. They are currently indicated as markers of the Anthropocene, a geological era caused by human changes on the globe. Even though it is found in all environmental compartments, there are still gaps in scientific knowledge about its real impact on living cells and their dynamics, including in the human organism. Therefore, the objective of the study is to use an internationally standardized and standardized method in representative organisms of the ecosystem, thus using the acute and chronic ecotoxicity test with the microcrustacean Daphnia magna and for the algae Desmodesmus subspicatus, respectively, against polyethylene microspheres, a thermoplastic widely used as an exfoliation product and applied in various cosmetics and hygiene materials. They were tested in neonates according to the reference standards, but 30-day-old adult organisms were also exposed. The results obtained, for the crustaceans, show the Effective Concentration that causes effect in 50% of the organisms (EC50%), with 95% confidence of 0.07 g/L and a DSC – Observed effect concentration of 0.025 g/L for neonates. For the adult specimens, 0.025 g/L of EC50 and 0.0025 g/L of DSC were found, showing that the pups are 10x more resistant to plasticizers compared to the adults. For the algae test, the results showed a DSC of 0.05 g/L, inhibiting 20.12% of algae growth compared to the control. In the optical microscope of the crustaceans after exposure, it showed bioaccumulation of the polyethylene microsphere in the carapace and digestive tract of the bioindicator, showing that the impact of microplastics begins in the first trophic levels of the food chain.
Manufacturing and research of complex Al-12Ti-8Zr master-alloy structure and efficiency
Authors: Voron М.М. , Polivoda S.L. , Fon Pruss M.A. , Matviets Ye.O.
Published: November 2023

The paper presents a method of obtaining and further study of a complex master-alloy, based on aluminum, which contains a total 20 %wt. of modifying components – titanium and zirconium. The master-alloy was obtained under the conditions of electron beam casting technology by gradual fusion of metal components and subsequent casting in the mold under vacuum conditions. The obtained master-alloy is characterized by an inhomogeneous coarse-grained structure. Intermetallic phases Al3(Ti, Zr) are characterized by a tetragonal structure of the crystal lattice and occupy 50 % vol. of the resulting master-alloy. In the composition of intermetallics, zirconium replaces about 25 % of titanium. Modification of AlSi5Cu4 alloy by the obtained master-alloy showed that the modifying phase Al3(Ti, Zr) is able to decompose and dissolve in melts of such alloys and per-forms its germinating and grain-refinement function. In this case, in the rapidly crystallized sample of the modified alloy, the solid solution based on aluminum contains only titanium and a small amount of copper, and in the crystallized – slowly con-tains both titanium and zirconium. The grain sizes of the primary solid solution based on aluminum in both samples can be estimated as the same. Titanium is also present in small amounts in iron-containing Al5SiFe needle-like phases. Zirconium is found mostly in eutectic zones, which contain both silicon and copper-enriched zones. Wider and uniform zones of eutectic are observed in the sample, crystallized with slow speed. It is determined that large particles of the modifying phase during the staying in a melt can be partially dissolved, giving part of the titanium and simultaneously react with silicon, forming more refractory intermetallic particles Al4(Ti, Zr)3Si5. The obtained data indicates the potential suitability and simultaneous need to grind the structure of such master alloys.
Inovações em materiais didáticos para o Ensino da Libras
Authors: Estêvam Farias Sá  , Leandro dos Santos Viturino  , Grazielle Aparecida Soares de Castro Fernanda
Published: November 2023

Este artigo visa refletir sobre inovações para o ensino da Libras que é uma língua visuoespacial com gramática e estrutura própria. Para ser compreendida, é necessário que os sinalizantes observem os cinco parâmetros tradicionais, tendo em vista que estudos recentes desenvolvidos por Castro (2021) apontam que unidades mínimas que, separadas, não possuem significação, compõem os parâmetros da Libras, formando o sistema fonético e fonológico como parte gramatical. Os parâmetros da Libras são: configuração de mão, orientação da mão, ponto de articulação, expressão facial/ corporal e movimento. Este último parâmetro embasa o presente trabalho tendo em vista que desenhos ou fotos em papel não se movem, podendo causar sinalização equivocada entre os aprendizes na identificação e execução dos sinais. Nascimento (2009) sugere o uso de vídeos interativos ou animações que valorizem o movimento que a Libras necessita para se fazer representada. Para desenvolver este trabalho foi utilizada a pesquisa qualitativa, com aplicação de questionário para alunos do Curso “Faça Fácil Libras”, ministrado no Instituto Federal Fluminense campus Campos Centro com metodologia mnemônica, sem o auxílio de materiais em papel. Os resultados preliminares dos dados coletados mostram que o ensino de Libras se deu de maneira eficaz, com repetição dos sinais junto ao professor em sala de aula e que os vídeos autorais que foram disponibilizados no WhatsApp da turma auxiliaram os alunos a recordarem os sinais. O curso mencionado visa difundir a Libras para a comunicação com surdos sem materiais estáticos que criam dependência nos alunos.
Diptera species recorded for the first time in Slovakia found along the Danube floodplain
Authors: Semelbauer Marek , Samay Ján , Zavřel Jan
Published: November 2023

Four species of Diptera are recorded as new for the fauna of Slovakia: Acrocera orbiculus (Fabricius, 1787) (Acroceridae), Conops insignis Loew, 1848 (Conopidae), Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Stratiomyidae), and Tolmerus cowini (Hobby, 1946) (Asilidae). The specimens were collected by means of Malaise trap, yellow pan trap, and sweep nets, in the years 2019–2022. Our findings highlight the value of the Danube floodplain from a conservation point of view. The appearance of H. illucens in Bratislava fits well with what is known about this synanthropic species.
Letter From the Editor: Collaboration and Purpose
Authors: McLeod David
Published: November 2023

Letter from the Editor-in-Chief for Volume Seven: Issue Two.
Holistic Defense: Attorney Perception and Social Work Integration in the Courtroom
Authors: Smith David , Borders Kevin , Katsikas Steve , Maschi Tina
Published: November 2023

The goal of this project is to survey attorney perceptions of social workers. This will lead to suggestions on how social workers can be more effectively integrated into the courtroom and legal system as well as to suggestions for further study. This goal reflects Person-In-Environment theory by highlighting the importance of attorneys needing to understand the contextual variables social workers can explain to the court, thereby explaining what social, political, and economic issues may have caused a client to be involved in crime in the first place. This goal also reflects Holistic Defense Theory by ensuring that clients legal and social needs are met by highlighting the need for both attorneys and social workers as part of the defense team. Lastly, this project may contribute to making justice in the courtroom reachable for traditionally disaffected people who can be made whole again by legal and social intervention.
Features of the process of ensuring personnel security on the example of the spa industry
Authors: Kashcheev Danila , Mishchenko Ilya , Turgaeva Aksana
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this work was to identify the features of the process of ensuring the personnel security of the organization on the example of the spa industry. The author considered the historical aspects of the emergence of the spa industry, identified its distinctive features. Next, the main characteristics of the spa industry in Russia were studied. The author considered the current legal regulation of the spa industry, highlighting its main features. An analysis was carried out for the last 3 years on key indicators, such as the number of organizations, the turnover of organizations, the average number of employees without part-time jobs, the average salary. Further, the work revealed the existing problems associated with the spa industry, namely «domesticism» and the departure of masters. To identify the features of the process of ensuring personnel security, an analysis of personnel security was carried out on the example of a simulated enterprise LLC «Planeta Spa». The characteristics of the organization's activities were determined, as well as indicators of the movement of the workforce. Based on the analysis of the security system, which is represented by three levels, the key risks and threats associated with personnel security were identified. In addition, factors affecting the personnel security of Planet Spa LLC were identified. Based on the analysis, the author revealed the relationship between the personnel and economic security of an enterprise using the example of Planet Spa LLC. Thus, it was concluded that the spa industry is an evolving market with constantly changing trends and increasing customer demands, largely dependent on the professionalism and skill of the staff, so it is necessary to pay attention to personnel security in spa entities in order to achieve effective operation. business entity.
The influence of the shadow economy on the integrity of the economic system from the position of national economic security
Authors: Golikov Vadim , Rogulin Yuriy
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of the shadow economy on the integrity of the economic system from the standpoint of national economic security. Within the framework of this study, the author defined the concept of the shadow economy, described the difficulties associated with this definition. In this regard, the historical aspects of the development of the study of the shadow economy were described, the process of securing the shadow economy in the legal field in the USSR, as well as general methodological aspects in foreign practice, was considered. The author considered three main types of the shadow economy «gray or informal», «black or underground» and «white-collar». The author describes their distinctive features, and also identifies the differences between them in terms of their impact on the national economy. Despite the fact that the shadow economy is often regarded as a completely negative phenomenon, the author identified a number of manifestations of the stabilizing (positive) influence of the shadow economy on the population and its business climate. As the key mechanisms of influence of the shadow economy on the economic system, the author singled out a decrease in budget revenues and an increase in corruption. The work noted the strong negative role of corruption, which can have a significant impact on the economic security of the state and the integrity of the economic system. For a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon under consideration, the experience of foreign countries in the field of counteracting the shadow economy and reducing its impact on economic security was studied. The author examined cases related to the actions of the United States and Germany in the field of combating the shadow economy, from which the effectiveness of the use of regulatory instruments to reduce the shadow economy was revealed.
Digital entrepreneurship placement regularities in the regions of Russia
Authors:   Amur State University, Yakimova Vilena A. , Pankova Svetlana V. ,   Amur State University,   Orenburg State University
Published: November 2023

Introduction: the implementation of the “Digital Economy” national program has an impact on business sector development both in Russia and in the regional aspect. The structural elements of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems are designed to promote the development of digital entrepreneurship. It has been hypothesized that the ecosystem substitutes influence on the increment of regional economic performance due to the digital sector differs in industrial and non-industrial types of regions. Objectives: to determine the growth points placement patterns for digital entrepreneurship in the regions as a whole, as well as by types (industrial and others), depending on the impact of factors in the regional environment. Methods: statistical groupings, comparison and matching, correlation and regression analysis, econometric modeling. Results: the data on 85 subjects of the Russian Federation for 2018–2021 have been examined, revealing a strong and noticeable correlation between the number of organizations in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector and the indicators of digital infrastructure, as well as strong correlation between financial security and the number of regional projects in the field of end-to–end technologies. Regression models have been built demonstrating the growth of the share and growth rates of production volumes in ICT sector and e-commerce companies in various types of regions. Conclusions: the above hypothesis has been confirmed stating that the region’s specialization has a significant impact on the features and pace of digital entrepreneurship development. Industrial regions do not demonstrate outpacing growth of digital businesses due to a significant time lag until the moment the production volumes increase resulting from the introduction and use of digital technologies manifests itself. Industrial regions show a high sensitivity to the development of scientific and technological infrastructure and have a more active demand and consumption of digital technologies. In other regions show a faster developing e-commerce and the service sector using digital platforms. Digital economy growth is boosted by the stimulation of IT projects and the state of the scientific and educational environment in these regions.
Socio-economic effects of implementing the national project “Digital economy” in the old industrial regions of the South of Russia
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Mitrofanova Inna V. ,   Volgograd State University, Chernova Olga A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: November 2023

Introduction: the national project “Digital Economy” is the main instrument of public administration that creates the conditions for regional economies transformations based on digitalization. Objectives: to study the socio-economic effects of implementing the national project “Digital Economy” in the old industrial regions of the South of Russia. Methods: descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, integrated assessment method. Results: the results of regional projects implementation in the Volgograd and Rostov regions were analyzed in terms of their compliance with the target values of the national project; the dynamics of the main indicators of the regional digital development during the years of the project implementation was considered; an integral assessment of the socio-economic effects of digitalization in the studied regions was given. Conclusions: the results of the national project «Digital Economy» implementation in the Volgograd and Rostov regions show the lack of efficiency of ongoing investments, expressed in the fact that the growth in the supply of information and communication technologies (ICT) is not supported by the growth in demand for it. This is explained by the specific factors and conditions of the old industrial development that are not reflected in the regional projects. The development of regional projects should be based on the principles of the problem-target approach in managing the socio-economic development of the territory.
Socio-demographic Context of Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change and Implication for Agricultural Extension in Buffelspruit, South Africa
Authors: Agholor A.I. , Olorunfemi O.D. , Ogujiuba K.
Published: November 2023

The study examined the socio-demographic characteristics of smallholder farmers’ and resilience strategies for adaptation to climate change in Buffelspruit, South Africa. The objectives of the study were to determine local resilience strategies used by farmers and examine adoption behaviour in the use of local resilience strategies for mitigating climate change. The study was conducted in Buffelspruit community. A total number of 306 participants were selected randomly for this study. Structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. The adoption behaviour of the farmers in the use of local resilience strategies was analysed using the logit model. Crop rotation, crop diversification and the adjustment of planting dates were the resilience strategies used by farmers. The result from the logit analysis reveals that gender (p = 0.047), level of education (p = 0.16), employment (p = 0.043), farm skills (p = 0.058), extension services (p = 0.011) and farm size (p = 0.022) influenced the adoption of climate resilient strategies in the study area. Extension education must move beyond technical training to enhance farmers’ abilities for planning, problem solving, critical thinking and leadership skills to work with multiple stakeholders. Extension must be proactive with capacity development in climate change education.
The Rural School from Child's Point of View: A Participatory Research Through Photovoice
Authors: RAPOSO RİVAS Manuela , SİERRA MARTÍNEZ Silvia , ALONSO-FERREİRO Almudena , GARCÍA-FUENTES Olalla , ZABALZA-CERDEİRİÑA Mª Ainoa
Published: November 2023

Rural schools have been studied throughout their history. However, the presence of the students' perspective in these schools has not been a preferred topic. The aim of this research is to listen to and make visible the opinions and feelings of the students enrolled in the grouped rural schools (CRA) in the province of Ourense (Spain). The methodology used is participatory in nature and is designed to achieve the collaboration, involvement, recognition, and acceptance of the participants. In the process developed, a first stage of awareness-raising and a second stage of negotiation and joint decision-making can be distinguished. At the same time, interpersonal and intrapersonal reflection are combined. Child-friendly data collection strategies are used: 6 multi-level assemblies (143 minutes of audio recordings), photovoice (303 textualised photographs) and drawing conversation (101 narrated drawings). Six schools participated, with a total of 101 school children enrolled in pre-school and primary education. The data analysis process was carried out with the ATLAS.ti 22 software. The results obtained show that the pupils' voice focuses mainly on five visions centered on the material, academic, contextual, emotional, and relational aspects. In addition, play stands out as a transversal axis that saturates all the categories. The conclusions show the importance of taking into account the voice of the pupils, as it allows the participation of all pupils with a diversity of competences, skills and expressive styles.
Analysis of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Expedited Processing System: Focusing on the United States, the European Union, Japan and South Korea
Authors:   The Pharmaceutical Society Of Korea, Jeong Hyeokgyo , Park Jeehye , Kim Minsoo , Kim Seungwoo , Kim HyungSoo , Kim Eunyoung
Published: November 2023

In order to address unmet medical needs, regulatory agencies in each country have an expedited processing system that rapidly develops and commercializes Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. This study analyzed the expedited processing systems of the United States, European Union, Japan, and South Korea by referring to the websites of regulatory agencies and related regulations and documents. The expedited processing system is divided into approval pathway and designation, where approval pathway is the mechanism for marketing approval, while designation is given to drugs that meet specific criteria. Among several systems, South Korea has customized examination and conditional approval within expedited processing clauses, the United States has Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy, the European Union has PRIME, and Japan has Sakigake. Although there are differences in the conditions for being designated as subject to expedited processing in each country, most of the other conditions stipulate similar contents. In order for the expedited processing system of the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act to achieve international harmony, domestic regulatory agencies must actively intervene to achieve interaction in the development process of Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products, and multidisciplinary and multi-institutional organizations must participate together.
FRAMING RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR AND VLADIMIR PUTIN’S IMAGE: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEW YORK TIMES ONLINE COMMENTARY ARTICLES
Authors: Hoon Lim Lai
Published: November 2023

The news of Russia launching a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 shocked the world. However, the media has different interpretations of this invasion. Ukrainian and Western media use the term “war,” whereas the Russian media call it a “special military operation”. Storylines or frames provided by mass media greatly influence public perception of the situation. Once a frame has become extensive in media discourse, it raises the public’s expectation of the political legitimation actions by discussing the possible consequences of the crisis. From that perspective, this study examines the framing of the Russia-Ukraine war and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s image in one renowned America-based media, The New York Times Online. A qualitative content analysis of commentary articles under the “Opinion” column was performed. Two hundred twenty-nine commentary articles were content analysed from 24 February 2022 to 24 December 2022. The qualitative content analysis enables the study to scrutinise the framed content of the war and the constructive and destructive character of Putin’s image portrayal. Agenda setting and framing theory were used as the theoretical framework. The analysis inductively generates thematic frames by systemising the content of the articles. The findings reveal that Russia was framed as an unprovoked invader who has unmercifully onslaught Ukraine while Ukraine strives to put up an inspiring defence of its sovereignty. The image of Vladimir Putin carries a destructive character where the portrayal is conspiratorial and seclusive.
INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR AMONG MALAYSIAN EDUCATION OFFICIALS: A MANOVA ANALYSIS
Authors: Jamil Noraine , Mohd Hamzah Mohd Izham , A Hamid Aida Hanim
Published: November 2023

Organisations must adapt quickly and innovate to improve. Therefore, the goal of this study is to determine the level of Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) of the State Education Official (SEO) in Malaysia from the dimensions of opportunity exploration, idea generation, idea promotion, idea realisation, and idea sustainability as well as to explore the differences in IWB of the SEO in Malaysia across demographic factors. Respondents represented every region of Malaysia. Analysis of data utilising quantitative research method. To ensure regional representation, 450 SEO from Northern Region, Central Region, Southern Region, East Coast, and East Malaysia were selected via stratified random sampling and sent online structured questionnaires. The level of IWB was found to be very high (M=4.31, SD=0.51). The SEO's frequency of participation in governance, leadership, and educational management courses during the tenure at the State Education Department (SED) was found to be significant according to Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) results (Wilks’ λ= 0.939, F (15, 445) =1.878; p=0.022). However, the SEO IWB did not differ by age, position, experience, and academic credentials. Ministry of Education (MOE) Malaysia and SED may leverage the results of this study to re-evaluate and redesign IWB concepts to improve educational management.
DAYA TAHAN KOMUNITI TERHADAP BENCANA BANJIR DI MUKIM DENGKIL, SEPANG
Authors: Raja Noor Afandi Raja Noor Afiz , Hussain Mohd Yusof , Muhamad Azian Fatin Umaira
Published: November 2023

Bencana banjir merupakan fenomena yang terjadi di Malaysia dan ia berlaku secara mengejut, tidak menentu dan pada bila-bila masa serta tidak dapat dielakkan. Kebanyakan kajian lepas membincangkan polisi, strategi dan pengurusan bantuan bencana banjir di Malaysia, namun amat terhad kajian dilaksanakan yang menekankan aspek daya tahan individu, kumpulan, komuniti mahupun masyarakat yang terkesan akibat bencana banjir di Malaysia. Kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan pandangan baharu ke atas daya tahan komuniti terhadap bencana banjir dan strategi untuk membangunkan daya tahan sosial untuk mengurangkan risiko bencana banjir. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini ialah untuk mengukur tahap daya tahan terhadap faktor yang menjadi keutamaan bagi daya tahan komuniti terhadap bencana banjir di mukim Dengkil, Sepang. Kajian ini telah dijalankan kepada 349 orang mangsa banjir di sekitar mukim Dengkil, Sepang. Kaedah kuantitatif dengan analisa kad skor Torrens digunakan untuk mengukur tahap tinggi, sederhana atau rendah disertai dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis mendapati bahawa tahap daya tahan komuniti terhadap bencana banjir berada di zon waspada dengan komponen langkah dan tindakan menunjukkan skor terendah dan perlu diberi perhatian. Keputusan ini perlu diambil berat kerana ianya memberi kesan yang negatif jika tidak dibendung. Selain keperluan untuk komuniti menyedari tahap daya tahan mereka, implikasi kajian ini turut boleh diguna sebagai rujukan kepada pembuat dasar, agensi kerajaan dan swasta dalam usaha meningkatkan kapasiti komuniti ke arah pembangunan komuniti berdaya tahan terhadap bencana selari dengan konsep pengurangan risiko bencana/ Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR).
PELANUNAN DAN PEMBURUAN HAMBA DI TUNGKU, BORNEO UTARA (1840–1879)
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Sham , Ali Ismail , Abdullah Mohd Firdaus
Published: November 2023

Perbincangan berhubung dengan persejarahan tradisional di Borneo Utara dan alam Melayu adalah tidak lengkap tanpa membicarakan sejarah pelanunannya. Berbeza dengan sejarah pelanunan (piracy) di barat, perkembangan sejarah pelanunan di rantau ini berlaku bukan sahaja untuk tujuan ekonomi dan politik pemerintah tetapi turut dibayangi oleh pengaruh daripada nilai-nilai sosiobudaya para pemerintah, pembesar dan masyarakat pada waktu itu. Suku Iranun, Balangingi, Bajau dan Dayak Laut telah mencipta nama dalam persejarahan pelanunan di Borneo Utara dan kepulauan Asia Tenggara apabila suku-suku ini muncul sebagai perompak di laut serta pemburu hamba yang cukup digeruni oleh para pelayar, pedagang dan pentadbir barat sehingga mereka dilabelkan sebagai pirate serta penjenayah oleh orang Inggeris di Tanah Melayu dan Borneo Utara; orang Sepanyol di Filipina dan orang Belanda di Indonesia. Secara ringkasnya, makalah ini bertujuan membicarakan sejarah pelanunan di Tungku, Borneo Utara iaitu lokasi yang pernah menjadi pangkalan dan operasi terakhir aktiviti pelanunan serta pemburuan hamba semasa era Kesultanan Sulu sebelum ia berakhir ketika era pentadbiran British North Borneo Company (BNBC). Artikel ini berbentuk kualitatif dan bertemakan sejarah. Bahan dan sumber diperoleh daripada Arkib Negara Malaysia, Arkib Negara Malaysia Cawangan Sabah, Perpustakaan Negeri Sabah, Perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Sabah dan lain- lain. Makalah ini diharapkan dapat merekonstruksikan semula sejarah pelanunan di Borneo Utara bukan sahaja dari kaca mata barat tetapi juga dari world-view atau pandangan dunia Malay centic itu sendiri.
Association of Age, Gender and Body Mass Index with Proprioception in Knee Joint in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Jaykumar Soni  , Mansi Patel
Published: November 2023

Background: The word proprioception is derived from Latin word “proprius” means it is one’s own and “reception” means it receives. In Musculoskeletal rehabilitation, proprioception plays significant role in maintaining normal motor control. The proprioception is an important non-invasive clinical procedure which helps in diagnosing pre-existing and treating knee conditions. Proprioception assessment is foremost because loss in proprioception will lead to altered weight bearing at joints and alteration of normal body movement causing fall or injury. Purpose of this study is to find out the association of knee joint proprioception with age, gender and BMI in healthy individuals. Methods: Total 132 participants are included in the study. Their height and weight was measured to calculate their BMI. After that, proprioception was assessed with the help of goniometer mounted on the stand. Knee joint proprioception was measured for Test angles 30°, 45° and 60° toward extension. At all angles test was performed three times in sequence. Result: The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software version 21.0. At 30° correlations between both side of knee joint proprioception with Age, Gender and BMI was non-significant except left side of proprioception with gender. However, at 45° correlations between both side of knee joint proprioception with Age, Gender and BMI was found significant. Additionally, similar of most result was found at 60° except left side of knee joint proprioception was found not significant with BMI. Conclusion: Knee joint proprioception decreases with ageing and are more in females than males. This study finds weak to moderate correlation with BMI.