bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS IKAN AIR TAWAR DI SUNGAI KEPARI DAN SUNGAI EMPERAS DESA KEPARI KECAMATAN SUNGAI LAUR KABUPATEN KETAPANG
Authors: Siska Yuliana Heniska , Anwari M Sofwan , Yani Ahmad
Published: April 2021

Kepari village has two main rivers, namely Kepari River which is still surrounded by natural forests and Emperas River in which there is a former site of unauthorized gold mining. This research aims to collect data of the diversity of freshwater fish species in Kepari River and Emperas River, Kepari Village, Sungai Laur Sub-District, Ketapang Regency. Sampling point was carried out by making a sampling station that was placed by purposive sampling for the starting point and placed in the next station systematically. This researh was conducted at 2 (two) different locations and regions, namely Kepari River and Emperas River. Both locations were made 3 (three) stations or observation points, each with observation station length of 50 meters and interval per distance between stations of 200 meters. Each station was repeated 3 (three) times. Research results indicate that 60 species of fish caught in Kepari River and Emperas River are classified in 17 families. The highest number of species is 25 species of Cyprinidae family. Kepari River has 46 species of freshwater fish while Emperas River has 23 species of freshwater fish. The species that dominate Kepari River are Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Buing) and Osteochilus vittatus (Parau) while in Emperas River, the species are Trichogaster trichopterus (Empotar), Belontia hasselti (Kekopar) and Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Buing).Keywords: Diversity, Emperas River, Fish, Kepari River
Analytic Gradients for Restricted Active Space Second-order Perturbation Theory (RASPT2)
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshio
Published: April 2021

The computational cost of analytic derivatives in multireference perturbation theory is strongly affected by the size of the active space employed in the reference self-consistent field calculation. To overcome previous limits on active space size, the analytic gradients of single-state restricted active space second-order perturbation theory (RASPT2) and its complete active space variant (CASPT2) have been developed and implemented in a local version of OpenMolcas. Similar to previous implementations of CASPT2, the RASPT2 implementation employs the Lagrangian or Z-vector method.

The numerical results show that restricted active spaces with up to 20 electrons in 20 orbitals can now be employed for geometry optimizations.
Phytosomes: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Therapeutic Beneϐits of Phytochemicals
Authors: Kamal Saroha  , Parul Waliyan  , Rakesh Pahwa  , Shweta Pal  , Inderbir Singh  , Manish Kumar
Published: April 2021

Phytosomes are phytochemical based novel drug delivery systems that lead to better absorption, greater bioavailability in addition to improved therapeutic efficacy of numerous phytoconstituents. It is a supremely advanced form of herbal formulations which contains the active phytoconstituent of herbal extract bound by phospholipid molecule. Additionally, these also act as vesicular systems for various fascinating and significant phytoactive. The phytosomes technique produces remarkable minute spheres or tiny cells, which is helpful in the protection of active phytochemical constituent from destruction by the gastric environment. Furthermore, phytosomes also reveal efficient pharmacokinetic as well as pharmacodynamic profile compared to conventional herbal extracts. The current manuscript is a cogent attempt to review the potential pharmacological benefits of herbal extracts by forming an impressive and successful phytophospholipid complex.  Salient attributes, as well as promising and imperative applications of phytosomes, are illustrated in the manuscript. Recent advances in research endeavours, along with major inferences on effective phytosomal drug delivery systems, have also been highlighted.
Establishing a Comprehensive Framework for Future Explorations: An Endometriosis and Cardiovascular Disease Literature Review
Authors: Chhina Jashnoor , Behal Mehak , Bhatt Vidhi H.
Published: April 2021

Endometriosis is one of the most prominent gynecological disorders often associated with several cardiovascular repercussions. Although no conclusive mechanism has been found, previous literature indicates potential links between endometriosis and atherosclerosis, a vital indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, with the majority of previous studies overlooking the impact of critical confounding variables and testing for only certain biomarkers, a strong argument towards a link cannot be made. Existing literature was thoroughly analyzed to identify major confounding variables that were unaccounted for to compile a list of vital biomarkers indicative of CVD in women with endometriosis. The stage and severity of the disease, surgery, hormone therapy, and presence of endometriosis in the control group were found to be major confounding variables that should be statistically accounted for. From previous literature, biomarkers that were shown to be highly indicative of CVD included lipid profile, arterial stiffness measures, as well as additional measures of vascular function and structure.
Encapsulating vital confounding variables and biomarkers, a comprehensive framework was established for a longitudinal study design. This paper provides a narrative review of the common weaknesses and limitations of past investigations exploring the link between endometriosis and CVD and suggests methods to overcome these considerations. Although existing literature has significantly contributed to the surface-level understanding of the link between endometriosis and CVD, knowledge gaps persist. As a result, repercussions are experienced by women with endometriosis worldwide. To ensure better healthcare for women with endometriosis, greater CVD intervention and prevention is critical. Through the holistic longitudinal study design proposed, improved treatment plans considering the potential CVD risks that women with endometriosis are at a greater likelihood of developing can be implemented.
Characteristics and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 in children tested in the early phase of the pandemic: a cross-sectional study, Italy, 23 February to 24 May 2020
Authors: Lazzerini Marzia , Sforzi Idanna , Trapani Sandra , Biban Paolo , Silvagni Davide , Villa Giovanna , Tibaldi Jessica , Bertacca Luca , Felici Enrico , Perricone Giuseppina , Parrino Roberta , Gioè Claudia , Lega Sara , Conte Mariasole , Marchetti Federico , Magista Annamaria , Berlese Paola , Martelossi Stefano , Vaienti Francesca , Valletta Enrico , Mauro Margherita , Dall’Amico Roberto , Fasoli Silvia , Gatto Antonio , Chiaretti Antonio , Dragovic Danica , Pascolo Paola , Pilotto Chiara , Liguoro Ilaria , Miorin Elisabetta , Saretta Francesca , Trobia Gian Luca , Di Stefano Antonella , Orlandi Azzurra , Cardinale Fabio , Lubrano Riccardo , Testa Alessia , Binotti Marco , Moressa Valentina , Barbi Egidio , Armocida Benedetta , Mariani Ilaria ,   on behalf of COVID-19 Italian Pediatric Study Network
Published: April 2021

Background

Very few studies describe factors associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in children.

Aim

We here describe characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 diagnosis in children tested in 20 paediatric centres across Italy.

Methods

We included cases aged 0–18 years tested between 23 February and 24 May 2020. Our primary analysis focused on children tested because of symptoms/signs suggestive of COVID-19.

Results

Among 2,494 children tested, 2,148 (86.1%) had symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. Clinical presentation of confirmed COVID-19 cases included besides fever (82.4%) and respiratory signs or symptoms (60.4%) also gastrointestinal (18.2%), neurological (18.9%), cutaneous (3.8%) and other unspecific influenza-like presentations (17.8%). In multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity were: exposure history (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 39.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 17.52–90.55; p < 0.0001), cardiac disease (AOR: 3.10; 95% CI: 1.19–5.02; p < 0.0001), fever (AOR: 3.05%; 95% CI: 1.67–5.58; p = 0.0003) and anosmia/ageusia (AOR: 4.08; 95% CI: 1.69–9.84; p = 0.002). Among 190 (7.6%) children positive for SARS-CoV-2, only four (2.1%) required respiratory support and two (1.1%) were admitted to intensive care; all recovered.

Conclusion

Recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 testing in children should consider the evidence of broader clinical features. Exposure history, fever and anosmia/ageusia are strong risk factors in children for positive SARS-CoV-2 testing, while other symptoms did not help discriminate positive from negative individuals. This study confirms that COVID-19 was a mild disease in the general paediatric population in Italy. Further studies are needed to understand risk, clinical spectrum and outcomes of COVID-19 in children with pre-existing conditions.
Comparative characteristics of fires and their consequences in rural and urban areas in 2019-2020 taking into account the general information on them.
Authors: Saveliev Anatoly Petrovich , Shkrabak Roman Vladimirovich , Shkrabak Vladimir Stepanovich , Enaleeva Svetlana  Anatolyevna , Shkrabak Roman Romanovich , Shkrabak Alexy Romanovich
Published: April 2021

The information on the comparative characteristics of fires and their consequences in rural and urban areas for 2019-2020 is provided. Based on the analysis of the situation and the results of the research, the authors offer a concept of preventive prevention (instead of a compensatory model), based on innovative methodological solutions and methods and means of their implementation. The article presents data on effective financing of fire-fighting measures that, if implemented in the next 5-7 years, can provide the possibility of reducing the number of fires by 38-45 %.
Ensuring the safety of the functioning of mobile means of mechanization of vehicles and technological processes of AIC
Authors: Shkrabak Roman Vladimirovich
Published: April 2021

Agricultural production is distinguished by a variety of activities carried out at all seasons of the year and in almost all soil and climatic zones, producing food products and raw materials. Almost a quarter of the volume of work in various zones of the country falls on transport and technological processes. The latter are characterized by road traffic accidents. Determining among them are vehicle collisions, which are accompanied by severe consequences every year. In 2018 alone, 71167 cases of road accidents due to collisions killed 7671 people and injured 109,717.  Authors offered a well-grounded and developed strategy and tactics for the dynamic reduction and elimination of occupational injuries and diseases of people.
An instance of rodent geophagy from Northern Saskatchewan
Authors: McDougall Frank H.
Published: April 2021

In 2006 a crew member of a mining exploration team working in the vicinity of Points North Landing, Saskatchewan, found a small carbonate rich glacial erratic that had been chewed by rodents. The erratic likely came from Precambrian bedrock exposures of similar material in the Many Islands Lake area of northeast Saskatchewan. The rodents were mainly consuming the rock for its high calcium content.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM A PORTADORES DE TETRALOGIA DE FALLOT
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto. Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Hipertensão Arterial (GIPHA). Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brasil., Rocha Siqueira Sudré Mayara , Queiroz Daniel Ana Carolina ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto. Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Hipertensão Arterial (GIPHA). Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brasil., Velludo Veiga Eugenia ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Enfermagem Geral e Especializado da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto.  Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Hipertensão Arterial (GIPHA). Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Published: April 2021

A tetralogia de Fallot (T4F) é uma patologia congênita considerada a mais comum das má- formações cardíacas cianóticas e se caracteriza por quatro defeitos principais: do septo interventricular, hipertrofia ventricular direita, estenose pulmonar e o posicionamento da aorta à direita. Nessas situações, o sangue de ambos os ventrículos é misturado e bombeado ao corpo, com consequente cianose sistêmica. Seu tratamento envolve diversas possibilidades de condutas, geralmente relacionadas às características clínicas e morfológicas da cardiopatia. Pode ocorrer desde um acompanhamento clínico-medi-camentoso até a reparação cirúrgica paliativa ou definitiva. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais sobre assistência de enfermagem aos pacientes portadores de T4F publicadas nos últimos cinco anos. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da leitura a partir de pesquisa eletrônica de artigos indexados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, BDENF, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane e Google Acadêmico, por meio dos descritores “tetralogy of fallot” e “nursing care”. Foram incluídos estudos com acesso gratuito e na íntegra, nos idiomas português e inglês, e excluídos artigos de revisão, teses, dissertações, editoriais, debates e resenhas. Os resultados mostraram que a assistência de enferma-gem se baseou no processo de enfermagem, na implementação da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem, em práticas assistenciais contemporâneas baseadas na prática de enfermagem avançada, no uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs) e na descrição de experiências específicas na assistência de enfermagem aos portadores de T4F em setores restritos.
SÍNDROME DA HIPERQUILOMICRONEMIA FAMILIAL
Authors:   Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil., Lottenberg Ana Maria ,   . Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE). Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein (FICSAE), São Paulo, Brasil, de Oliveira Izar Maria Cristina ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Nakandakare Edna Regina ,   Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil., Marcondes Machado Roberta ,   Laboratório de Lípides (LIM-10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP) da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo,São Paulo,Brazil.
Published: April 2021

A síndrome da quilomicronemia familial (SQF) é uma doença rara caraterizada por uma falha na hidrólise dos triglicérides e predispõe os portadores a um quadro agudo de pan-creatite. Pode ter origem monogênica, poligênica ou mesmo ser decorrente de lipodistro-fia ou de causas autoimunes. A forma monogênica tem herança autossômica recessiva e contempla mutações nos genes da lipoproteína lipase (LPL) ou dos reguladores desta en-zima. A mutação no gene da lipoproteína lipase (LPL) é a mais frequente e acomete 1–2 indivíduos por milhão. Quanto aos seus reguladores, já foram identificadas mutações na APOA5 (apolipoproteína A5), GPIHBP1 (glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-den-sity lipoprotein-binding protein 1), APOC2 (apoliproteína C2) e no LMF1 (lipase maturationfactor 1), embora estas sejam menos frequentes. Os portadores dessa síndrome apre-sentam soro lipêmico persistente mesmo após 14 horas em jejum com concentração plasmática de triglicérides 10 a 100 vezes maior em relação aos indivíduos normais(<150 mg/dL). Em razão de os portadores da síndrome da quilomicronemia familial apresentarem comprometimento na hidrólise dos triglicérides, recomenda-se dieta com restrição severa de gorduras, contendo no máximo 10% das calorias ou 15–20 g na forma de gorduras. A dieta é a única forma de tratamento, uma vez que essa síndrome é resistente ao tratamento medica-mentoso convencional indicado para o controle da hipertrigliceridemia. O consumo mínimo de gorduras além do recomendado já implica na rápida elevação da concentração plasmática de quilomícrons. A forma poligênica resulta do agrupamento de múltiplas variantes genéticas em heterozigose e sua frequência é bem maior do que a monogênica, sendo de aproximadamente um para cada 600 indivíduos na população. Esta condição é exacerbada por algumas alterações metabólicas ou medicações que aumentam a trigliceridemia, por redução na capacidade de metabolização e remoção dos triglicérides. As condições mais comuns são a diabetes mellitustipo 2, sobrepeso e obesidade, que estão associados à resistência insulínica, excesso de álcool, doença renal crônica e gravidez. Convencionou-se definir a forma poligênica associada a qualquer uma dessas situações, como síndrome da quilomicronemia multifatorial (SQM).
SUPORTE SOCIAL DE PACIENTES COM ANGINA REFRATÁRIA
Authors:   Instituto do Coração / Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Rodrigues da Silva Nascimento Clélia , Fonseca Amaral da Silva Elaine ,   Instituto do Coração / Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Bortolotto Luiz Aparecido ,   Instituto do Coração / Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Wolff Gowdak Luís Henrique ,   Instituto do Coração / Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: April 2021

Introdução: A Angina Refratária é uma condição de dor crônica, que causa limitações e afetam a qualidade de vida com alterações significativas no cotidiano do indivíduo, necessitando de suporte social. O Assistente Social, enquanto profissional que compõe a equipe multiprofissional busca compreender os aspectos socioeconômicos e culturais que possam interferir no processo saúde-doença, buscando estratégias de enfrentamento para tais situações. Objetivos: (1) Identificar a rede de suporte social dos pacientes com Angina Refratária, (2) Traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e (3) Conhecer a classificação socioeconômica. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 30 pacientes acompanhados em hospital de cardiologia terciário do município de São Paulo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário com perfil socio-demográfico, classificação socioeconômica e instrumento de análise de rede de suporte social. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, houve predomínio do sexo masculino, cor/raça autodeclarada branca, ensino fundamental incompleto, aposentados por invalidez e com renda familiar de um a três salários mínimos. Quanto às características estruturais da rede suporte social, observa-se que as relações familiares têm maior predominância e relatam alto índice de apoio social diante do aspecto emocional, material/instrumental. Conclusão: Observou-se que a maioria dos pacientes apresentam suporte social, recebem benefícios previdenciários, estão inseridos na Classe C, e possuem condições de moradia satisfatória.
HIPOALFALIPOPROTEINEMIAS: DIAGNÓSTICO DIFERENCIAL, APRESENTAÇÃO CLÍNICA E DESAFIO TERAPÊUTICO
Authors:   Instituto do Coração (InCor).  Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Faculdade de Medicina. Laboratório de Metabolismo e Lípides. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Cordeiro Juliani Fabiana , Zorzanelli Rocha Viviane ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Faculdade de Medicina da. Unidade de Lípides.São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Marte Chacra Ana Paula ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Faculdade de Medicina da. Unidade de Lípides.São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Dias dos Santos Raul ,   Instituto do Coração (InCor) do Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Faculdade de Medicina da. Unidade de Lípides.São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Academic Research Organization, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein,São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: April 2021

As lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL) compõem um grupo de partículas heterogêneas de diferentes subfrações. Na circulação, essas partículas captam o excesso de colesterol livre dos tecidos periféricos realizando o transporte do colesterol até o fígado, processo chave para a homeostase do colesterol no organismo. Inúmeras outras funções relacionadas com a prevenção e instalação do processo de aterogênese são atribuídas à HDL. Com base na “Hipótese da HDL-colesterol”, sustentada pela forte associação inversa entre os níveis do HDL-C e o risco de doença cardiovascular (DCV), a HDL recebeu destaque como um promis-sor alvo terapêutico. Contudo, estudos clínicos randomizados que testaram medicamentos capazes de aumentar a HDL-C falharam em demonstrar benefícios. A redução nos níveis do HDL-C (< 40 mg/dl) pode ocorrer de forma isolada ou em associação a outros distúrbios, como o aumento do LDL-C e/ou triglicérides, e representa uma desordem do metabolismo de lipoproteínas denominado HDL-C baixo ou hipoalfalipoproteinemia. Com frequência, os níveis baixos de HDL-C se devem a causas secundárias. Contudo, os níveis extremamente baixos do HDL-C (< 20 mg/dL), em particular quando não há hipertrigliceridemia, representam causas primárias de hipoalfalipoproteinemias, e podem decorrer de distúrbios monogênicos raros que resultam em profunda perturbação na biogênese e das vias metabólicas da HDL. É importante salientar, porém, que nem todos os defeitos que levam à deficiência grave de HDL associam-se a aumento no risco de DCV. Há perspectivas de que terapias baseadas na infusão de HDL reconstituída (HDLr) como o MDCO-216, o CSL-112 e o CER-001 possam contribuir para a redução de desfechos cardiovasculares nesses pacientes.
OUTRAS FORMAS DE HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIAS: DISBETALIPOPROTEINEMIA, HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIA FAMILIAR, QUILOMICRONEMIA MULTIFATORIAL
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Tria Bianco Henrique
Published: April 2021

Nem todas as manifestações de hipertrigliceridemia têm o mesmo risco de doença cardiovascular. Os níveis elevados de triglicerídeos plasmáticos que acompanham a hiperlipidemia familiar combinada, disbetalipoproteinemia familiar, diabetes mellitus, e obesidade central parecem estar ligados ao desenvolvimento de doenças isquêmicas prematuras. Nesse contexto, este artigo faz uma breve revisão de outras causas de hiper-trigliceridemia, enfocando aspectos metabólicos e moleculares interessantes e destacando também as características genotípicas dessas doenças. A apresentação fenotípica e os diagnósticos diferenciais também serão abordados neste manuscrito.
Characteristics of detecting the coherent system of selection of moving targets during the matching of the parameters of the square channels.
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation,  Bolshaya Morskaya str., 67, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia, Ziatdinov S.I.
Published: April 2021

ntroduction. Operation of adaptive system of moving targets selection is considered, which is represented by single intermittent subtractor with coherent accumulator, which is tuned in frequency. System of moving targets selection is made in the form of two quadrature channels, in which high-frequency passive interference and signal from moving object are converted to video frequency with subsequent rejection, accumulation and comparison with threshold level. Setting the task. Investigation of the effect of the inevitable in practice amplitude and phase misalignments of quadrature channel parameters on the detection characteristics of the adaptive selection system of moving targets. Method. Method of complex variable is used, in which passive interference and signal from moving object at input and output of adaptive selection system of moving targets are presented in the form of pair of real components shifted in phase by ninety degrees. Results. Models of passive interference and signal from moving object are presented taking into account possible in practice amplitude and phase mismatches of quadrature channels parameters. The structure of the processing device is shown, which includes a series-connected generator of quadrature components of passive interference and a signal from a moving object, an adaptive cutting filter in the form of a single intermittent subtraction circuit with a frequency-tuned rejection zone, an adaptive coherent accumulator and a threshold device. Expressions are obtained for complex correlation functions of passive interference and signal from moving object at output of coherent accumulator taking into account inevitable amplitude and phase mismatches of quadrature channels parameters. Dependencies of probability of correct detection of signal from moving object against the background of passive interference from value of deviation of transmission coefficients of quadrature channels and phase mismatch of reference voltages for different values of average frequency of spectral density of passive interference are calculated and constructed. Conclusion. Significant dependence of probability of correct detection of signal from moving object on average frequency of spectral density of passive interference, as well as amplitude and phase mismatches of quadrature channels parameters is shown.
‘Guldar’ Domatesinin Coğrafi İşaret Almasına Yönelik Yürütülen Arazi ve Laboratuvar Çalışmaları
Authors: ÖZBAY Nusret
Published: April 2021

Coğrafi işaret belirgin bir özelliği, namı veya diğer özellikleri bakımından menşeinin bulunduğu yöre, alan, bölge veya ülke ile bütünleşmiş ürünü gösteren bir işarettir. Tüm ürünlerde olduğu gibi bitkisel ürünlerde de coğrafi işaret alınmasına yönelik çalışmaların yapılması çok önemlidir. Bu araştırma, Bingöl’de ‘Guldar’ ismiyle anılan köy domatesinin coğrafi işaret almasına yönelik olarak, 2019 yılı vejetasyon periyodunda, 7 adet sofralık domates genotipinin morfolojik, fizyolojik, kimyasal ve verim özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma iki farklı lokasyonda açık tarla koşullarında, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Domates genotiplerinin karşılaştırılmasında, tohumlarda çimlenme oranı, ilk çiçeklenme, ilk meyve tutumu ve ilk hasada kadar geçen süre, klorofil içeriği (SPAD), ortalama meyve eni, ortalama meyve boyu, meyve indeksi, meyvede sap çukuru genişliği, ortalama meyve sayısı, ortalama meyve ağırlığı, bitki başına meyve verimi, dekara verim, meyve kabuğu sertliği, meyve eti sertliği, meyve kabuğu kalınlığı, odacık (karpel) sayısı, meyve başına düşen tohum sayısı, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik (EC), titre edilebilir asit miktarı (TA), suda çözünebilir kuru madde (SÇKM), kuru madde oranı ve tat-aroma, meyve rengi (L, a, b, C, Hue) parametrelerine bakılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, en yüksek verim 5914 kg/da ile GULDAR domates genotipinden elde edilirken, en düşük verim değerleri (3197 ve 3313 kg/da) sırasıyla KUZEYKÖY ve LİCE domates genotiplerinden elde edilmiştir. Çeşitler tat-aroma bakımından değerlendirildiğinde, en yüksek tat-aroma değerine (4.44) ASPEM genotipinin sahip olduğu; en düşük tat-aroma değerine (2.51) ise sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Living in Uncertain Times: Pre-Pandemic Vulnerabilities as Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Psychological Distress Across the First Two Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bell Kathryn M , Holmberg Diane
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), pre-existing mental health problems, and perceived COVID-19 threat may be contributing to mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated changes in mental health problems prior to and during the first two pandemic waves in the U.S., and the extent to which IU and perceived COVID-19 threat predicted these problems. Design and Method: MTurk participants (n=192; 50% women) recruited from a pre-pandemic study were followed across five timepoints between April and August 2020. IU, mental health symptoms (i.e., worry, COVID-19 fears, and trauma-related symptoms), and perceived and objective measures of COVID-19 threat were assessed. Results: On average, worry and trauma-related symptoms were not elevated relative to pre-pandemic levels, and scores remained stable across time. Higher baseline IU and mental health symptoms did in fact act as vulnerabilities, predicting more worry, trauma-related symptoms, COVID-19 fears, and perceptions of threat. Perceived threat did not seem well-calibrated with objective threat, with measures of the two constructs showing no associations or even inverse associations. Conclusions: Pre-existing worry and trauma-related symptoms, IU and perceived COVID-19 threat may foster vulnerability to mental health symptoms during the pandemic, more so than objective threat.
The Malleability of Attentional Capture
Authors: Zhang Han , Abagis Tessa , Jonides John
Published: April 2021

We suggest that consideration of trial-by-trial variations, individual differences, and training data will enrich the current framework in Luck et al. (2020). We consider whether attentional capture is modulated by trial-by-trial fluctuations of attentional state and experiences on the previous trial. We also consider whether individual differences may affect attentional capture while highlighting potential challenges in using the color-singleton task to measure individual differences. Finally, performance in the color-singleton task can be modified dramatically with practice but the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. Understanding the malleability of attentional capture may broaden the current framework and resolve outstanding questions. The version of record of this manuscript will be available in Visual Cognition (2021), https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2021.1915903
Drivers of Plate Waste at Buffets: A Comprehensive Conceptual Model Based on Observational Data and Staff Insights
Authors: Juvan Emil , Grün Bettina , Baruca Petra Zabukovec , Dolnicar Sara
Published: April 2021

The harmful tourist behaviour of taking a lot of food from a buffet, but not eating it all, remains under-researched. This study gains key insights into drivers of plate waste. Observational data show that: dinner buffets are worse than breakfast buffets; the latest breakfast serving time is worse than the earliest; high-end breakfast buffets are worse than budget buffets. The first meal a guest eats at a hotel and the presence of children also lead to more plate waste. Staff offer consistent and plausible explanations for these observations, resulting in a comprehensive model of drivers of plate waste. This model offers a basis for intervention development to reduce plate waste to minimise environmental damage caused by the tourism industry.
Petroleum exploration in Nepal
Authors: Bashyal R. P.
Published: April 2021

The southern part of Nepal comprising of Terai plain and Churia foothills are the prospecting area for petroleum exploration. Geological, geochemical and seismic surveys are carried out during the last decade. Such investigations have indicated a fairly good source rocks in the Melpani and Swat formations of the Surkhet Group and also in the Gondwana and Lakharpata groups. Similarly, the reservoir and seal rocks are also adequately identified. The seismic survey confirms various kinds of traps. The oil generation, expulsion and migration are considered to have been contemporaneous with or to have postdated the formation of the traps.

His Majesty's Government of Nepal has designed a Production Sharing Contract with attractive work and fiscal terms including the "Seismic Option" and "No Ring Fencing" incentives. The promotional activities have resulted to conclude the petroleum agreements for exploration in Block 10 (Biratnagar) by Shell International (1986-1990) and Block 3 (Nepalgunj) and Block 5 (Chitwan) by Texana Resources Co., USA.
Stratigraphy and structure of the Peshawar basin, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Ahmad , Dipietro Joseph A. , Pogue Kevin R.
Published: April 2021

The Peshawar intermontane basin is a broad, oval shaped and low-lying depression at the southern margin of the Himalaya. It lies to the north of the Attock-Cherat Range and contains rocks transitional between the sedimentary fold-thrust belt to the south and a metamorphic terranc to the north. The basin came into existence as the Kalachitta Range was faulted south on the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT pushing the Siwalik foreland basin still farther south. The basin sediments predominantly comprise of the lacustrine, deltaic and fluvial deposits, which arc overlain by loess, flood plain and alluvial fans of younger age. As a result of the present study, especially the findings of conodonts, the bedrock sequence of the Peshawar basin established previously, has been modified and revised. An almost complete sequence of rocks ranging from the Precambrian to Triassic age has been established for the first time in the Peshawar basin.

The study of the Landsat data, aerial photographs and subsequent field studies indicate presence of zone of late Quaternary deformation that extends across the southern margin of the Peshawar basin. Lacustrine, fluvial and alluvial fan deposits, which are dated at 2.8 to 0.6 Ma are tilted, folded and faulted along the four left-stepping pressure ridges that extend for nearly 60 km. Alluvial-fan and fluvial sediments are also folded and faulted in the Ghazi area where the base of the Indus River appears to be displaced by a reverse fault with its northwest side up. Additional minor lineaments and faults occur parallel and oblique to the major fault structures.
Seismites in the Kathmandu basin, Nepal
Authors: Gajurel A. P. , Huyghe P. , Lanord C. France- , Mugnier J. L. , Upreti B. N. , Fort P. Le
Published: April 2021

The Kathmandu valley is a large intermontane basin carried above the Himalayan major decollement. It is limited southward by the Mahabharat Range, which forms the hanging wall of the Mahabharat Thrust, and northward by the Shivapuri Range. The Kathmandu basin is filled with a very thick (500-600 m) sequence of fluvio-lacustrine Plio-Pleistocene sediments, which unconformably overlie the folded and faulted Precambrian-Palaeozoic Kathmandu Complex. These semi-consolidated deposits mainly consist of fine to coarse sand, sandy loam, sandy silty clay, and gravely conglomerate.

New field data show that small-scale deformational structures occur in the lacustrine deposits of the central and southern parts of the Kathmandu basin. In Thimi section, these structures take place within sub­ horizontal clayey layers. They mainly consist of finely contorted and folded sandy layers which form balls and pillows of about 10-13cm thick. In a few places, the deformational structures are associated with small folds and micro-faults (normal and reverse faults), with micro-breccias and sand dykes. The convolute lamination structures show no preferential verging, thus, excluding shearing related to the influence of a palaeoslope. Such structures have been found in three different places and they were always confined to single stratigraphic horizons positioned between undisturbed parallel beds. The deformational structures described above show characteristics of seismites. The associated seismic events may be related to major earthquakes or movements along the active nearby faults. Earthquake-induced liquefaction and subtle variations in physiomechanical properties of water-saturated fine sandy sediments have probably controlled the deformational pattern.
Joints and shear zones as indicators of principal stress in the area around Bainoli, district Chamoli, Lesser Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Singh R. A. , Gairola V. K.
Published: April 2021

The orientation of joints and shear planes have been measured in the rocks around Bainoli, district Charnoli, U.P. For the stress analysis, the area has been divided into 17 subareas with respect to joints and 7 subareas with respect to shear planes. 100-sector rose diagrams reveal four joint sets in the area, which strike in NW-SE, N-S, NE-SW and E-W directions with a variation of upto 10° in different subareas. Only the NW-SE set is prominent and common to all the subareas. Four sets of the shear planes have been recognised in the area striking in N50°W-S50°E, N-S, N40°E-S40°W and E-W. Of these, two sets are prominent in which one strikes N50°W-S50°E and other strikes N40°E-S40°W with a local variation of upto 10° in different subareas. The analysis of joints and shear planes reveals that joints were mainly developed during the second phase of deformation and shear planes were mainly developed during the third phase of deformation. In the later phases of deformations, earlier joints/shear planes were reactivated and reoriented, as well as new joints/shear planes were also developed. Thus, different orientation of joints and shear planes are observed in the area. The principal stress directions have been also inferred during the second and third phases of deformations with the help of joints and shear zones, respectively.
Erosion and sedimentation problems in Nepal from the viewpoint of morphological development
Authors: Higaki Daisuke
Published: April 2021

Three cases of disasters such as landslides, debris flows and unstable river courses are presented from the viewpoint of morphological development in Nepal. In the Tukuche village in the Higher Himalaya, shallow landslides occur in moraine deposits covered with recent fluvial deposits promoting bank erosion of the Kali Gandaki River. The slope towards the river bank composed of Quaternary glacial deposits should be noticed as landslide-prone areas in this region.

Alluvial fans are less developed and widths of river courses are larger on the rivers originating from the Upper Siwaliks than those from the Middle/Lower Siwaliks in the eastern Churia hills. Because material size produced from hill slopes is smaller in the former case than the latter case, less tractive force by river stream can transport river bed materials and erode river banks. Consequently, the river topography is altered dramatically. River course control works are very important for the former case.

Countermeasures for the torrents affected by debris flows in 1981 are also discussed in this paper. Distribution and volume of unstable deposits depend on the stage of morphological development of a torrent watershed. Analysis of morphological development was carried out on the basis of mapping and volume estimation of unstable deposits on the slopes and valley floors in two torrent watersheds of the Nallu Khola in the Mahabarat Range.
Landslide hazard mapping of Phewa Lake catchment area, Pokhara, central west Nepal
Authors: Sikrikar S. M. , Rimal L. N. , Jager S.
Published: April 2021

The landslide hazard map of the Phewa Lake catchment area is based on empirical evaluation of the data related to slope instability, obtained through field investigation and various types of geo-scientific maps. The methodology includes making of different types of base maps of various factor that contribute to slope instability of the terrain. Some weighted values are derived for each factor taken into consideration by statistical analysis. According to their significance in slope failure, different numerical values are assigned to each factors. GIS technique is used for integrating all weighted values into final landslide hazard map.

By assessing the total weighted values in the final map, the catchment area is divided into high, medium and low hazard zones according to the chances of occurring landslides at specific area. Most of the existing old and active landslides fall within high hazard zone, which indicate the suitability of this method in preparing landslide hazard map.
Inteligentne systemy wspomagania decyzji
Authors: Nowak-Brzezińska Agnieszka , Sikora Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Inteligentne systemy wspomagania decyzji to interaktywne programy komputerowe, których celem jest zbieranie, przetwarzanie i analizowanie ogromnych ilości danych koniecznych do wskazania najlepszego rozwiązania. Na podstawie wiedzy zdobytej od ekspertów dziedzinowych inteligentny system ekspertowy w oparciu o wbudowane algorytmy wnioskowania symulujące myślenie ludzkie przetwarza posiadaną wiedzę (zgromadzoną w systemie i pozyskaną od użytkownika, który konsultuje się z takim systemem), by wyprowadzić nową wiedzę, czyli podjąć decyzję.
Seizing the Means of Reproduction? Canada, Cancer Screening, and the Colonial History of the Cytopipette
Authors: Fraser Jennifer
Published: April 2021

In recent years, self-sampling has emerged as a compelling way of increasing cervical cancer screening rates within First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities. By allowing women to take their own samples in private, when and where they are most comfortable, home testing kits have been framed as a new, unequivocally feminist technology, and a panacea in Indigenous health. But are these techniques really as ethical and empowering as they have been made out to be? To answer this question, this article traces the history of the uptake and use of cervical cancer screening technologies in Canada. By tracing the mechanics and motivations of two state-sponsored cervical cancer screening studies carried out by Canada’s Department of Indian Health Services during the mid to late twentieth century, this piece explores the settler-colonial roots of cancer surveillance, and shows how the implementation of both Pap-testing and DIY forms of screening within Indigenous communities has, at least historically, been more about enacting biopolitical regimes than promoting feminist ideals or improving health outcomes.
Differentiation of L-cysteine Sources using FTIR and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Zharif Z. Mohamad , Tukiran Nur Azira , Abdullah Sani Muhamad Shirwan
Published: April 2021

L-cysteine is a food additive that is used in bakery ingredient. It is used as stabilizer to soften the texture of bakery dough. However, the primary sources of L-cysteine could be controversial as it might derive from animal and human parts. This study aimed to differentiate the L-cysteine sources by using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Raw materials of pig bristles, human hair, cow horn, duck feather and chicken feather were analysed. The result found that the ATR-FTIR is preferable rather than Raman spectroscopy in differentiating the primary sources of L-cysteine. Data pre-treatment was carried out to provide a more suitable for analysis and easier interpretation. Accordingly, principal component analysis (PCA) transformed the transmittance of ATR-FTIR into a number of principal components (PCs).Five distinct groups were successfully differentiated in PCA. The proposed method offers as fast and environmentally friendly approach to distinguish the primary source of L-cysteine sources. Hence, this method would beneficial to be used for origin determination of L-cysteine food additives.
Black Soldier Fly Larvae as Animal Feed: Implications on The Halal Status of Meat Products
Authors: Jamaludin Mohammad Aizat , Wan Khairuzzaman Maryam , Abdullah Sani Muhamad Shirwan
Published: April 2021

In the mid-twentieth century, research conducted found that the presence of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae caused the reduction of housefly breeding and manure accumulation in a chicken barn. As a result, the commercialization of BSF larvae for agricultural use and biowaste treatment ensues. Facilities were built to produce BSF larvae and masse were rearing, processing and harvesting take place. The larvae are fed with municipal and agro-industrial wastes and faeces. Feeding animals with BSF larvae became widely practised for the perceived benefit of serving as a vital source of protein for animals. BSF larvae prove to be a precious commodity to the agricultural industry for its utility in waste treatment and animal feed. However, it presents a problem to halal food production due to its diet that contains faeces; this raises concern over the lawful status of the animals fed with BSF larvae. Will the status be compromised? Should it be categorized as al-jallalah animal? In Southeast Asia, there is not any Islamic institution issuing a fatwa concerning this, except for Indonesian Ulema Council, even so, it is severely insufficient as it was only mentioned in passing. The lack of discussion and research on this issue in Islamic and academic scholarship despite its ubiquity in food production and consumption demonstrates the necessity to invest more resource in research and enhance coordination between the jurisprudence and technical fields.
Trends and current state of agriculture in the Irkutsk region
Authors:   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Ilyina E.A. , Tyapkina M.F. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Mongush Yu.D. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy
Published: April 2021

The issue of food self-sufficiency in the region becomes the most relevant in times of crises and pandemics. To answer this question, it is necessary to analyze the current state of agriculture and identify trends inherent in the industry. The article assesses the role of agriculture in the economy of the region. The characteristics of the development of crop production and animal husbandry are given, quantitative and qualitative factors are analyzed, and production growth reserves are identified. The material and technical base of the industry is analyzed, the main directions of state support for agricultural producers are described, and a conclusion is formulated about the level of food self-sufficiency in the region under consideration. The directions of development of the industry to ensure the growth of gross agricultural production are proposed. The study is based on the statistical data of the Irkutsk region for the period 2005-2019.
Structural investments and export potential of the Russian agricultural economy
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – MSKhA named after K.A. Timiryazev, Bautin V.M. , Lipchenko E.A. ,   Moscow State University of Technologies and Management named after K.G. Razumovskiy
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, an increase in the country’s food export potential is capable of changing the structural proportions of the agrarian economy and reformatting structural investments into investment expenditures focused only on obtaining interest. Emerging threats to food security exacerbate demographic problems and create excessive environmental costs. The participation of the country’s agricultural economy in the international division of labor should be based on a given ratio of high-intensity and organic agriculture. An increase in the export potential of food in the context of a further intensification of agricultural production is likely to be a very flawed economic practice: investment costs, having an acceptable rate of return, are hypothetically capable of dismantling the production of organic food and unbalancing sectoral proportions. Having a structural status, investments will provide the desired ratio of intensive and organic agriculture, which will outline clear boundaries for increasing the country’s food exports.
Early Medieval Great Hall Complexes in England: Temporality and Site Biographies
Authors: Scull Christopher , Thomas Gabor
Published: April 2021

This paper offers a critical reconsideration of the social, spatial and temporal dynamics of sixth- to eighth-century great hall complexes in England. The major interpretative issues and constraints imposed by the data are considered, and the sites are then subject to comparative analysis across long-term and short-term temporal scales. The former highlights persistence of antecedent activity and centrality, the latter the ways in which the built environment was perceived in the past, structured social action, and was a medium for the construction and consolidation of elite identity and authority. Within the broad similarity that defines the site-type there is evidence for considerable diversity and complexity of site history and afterlife.