bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trade and stowaways: molecular evidence for human-mediated translocation of eastern skinks into the western Mediterranean
Authors: Bisbal-Chinesta Josep Francesc , Tamar Karin , Gálvez Ángel , Albero Luís , Vicent-Castelló Pablo , Martín-Burgos Laura , Alonso Miguel , Sánchez Rubén , Ortega Carlos , Gómez Antonio , Candel David , Cervera Miguel , Carranza Salvador , Blain Hugues-Alexandre
Published: September 2019

Human movements in the regions surrounding the Mediterranean Sea have caused a great impact in the composition of terrestrial fauna due to the introductions of several allochthonous species, intentionally or not. Reptiles are one of the groups where this anthropic impact is most evident, owing to the extensive intra-Mediterranean dispersals of recent chronologies. Chalcides ocellatus is a widespread skink with a natural distribution that covers almost the entire Mediterranean Basin. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain its origin: natural dispersions and human translocations. Previous molecular data suggest the occurrence of a recent dispersal phenomenon across the Mediterranean Sea. In this study we present the first record of this species in the Iberian Peninsula, in Serra del Molar (South-east Spain). We combined molecular analyses and archaeological records to study the origin of this population. The molecular results indicate that the population is phylogenetically closely related to specimens from north-eastern Egypt and southern Red Sea. We suggest that the species arrived at the Iberian Peninsula most likely through human-mediated dispersal by using the trade routes. Between the Iron to Middle Ages, even now, the region surrounding Serra del Molar has been the destination of human groups and commercial goods of Egyptian origins, in which Chalcides ocellatus could have arrived as stowaways. The regional geomorphological evolution would have restricted its expansion out of Serra del Molar. These findings provide new data about the impact of human movements on faunal introductions and present new information relating to mechanisms of long-distance translocations.
Taxonomic synopsis of Croton section Geiseleria (Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil, including description of a new species

Authors: SODRÉ RODOLFO CARNEIRO , DE SALES MARGARETH FERREIRA , BERRY PAUL EDWARD , DA SILVA MARCOS JOSÉ
Published: September 2019

Croton is the second largest genus of Euphorbiaceae with about 1200 tropical species. Of these, over 715 species are native to the Americas and have been assigned to 31 sections. Croton sect. Geiseleria includes about 80 species distributed from the United States to Argentina; they are especially diverse in Brazil, where about two thirds of its species occur. Many specimens from this section have been erroneously identified and require proper typification. We present a taxonomic synopsis of C. sect. Geiseleria for Brazil, based on the analysis of over 2000 specimens from 60 herbaria and our own collections from dozens of excursions to multiple regions of the country. Fifty species in the section are recognized here for Brazil, 37 of them endemic to the country, among which C. seccoi is described as new to science. Three species (C. carinatus, C. catariae, and C. mollis) are newly transferred to the section based on morphological analysis. Twenty-seven new synonyms, 70 lectotypes and one neotype are proposed. All of the species are included in an identification key, and then comments on their geographic distributions, habitats, phenologies, conservation status, and diagnostic characteristics are provided. Finally, distribution maps, original illustrations, and photographs are provided for most of the species.
Predicting the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability from Initialized Simulations
Authors: Si Dong , Hu Aixue , Wang Huijun , Chao Qingchen
Published: September 2019

In contrast to dominant interannual time-scale variability in other ocean basins, the leading observed mode variability in the Atlantic is characterized as a basinwide seesaw-like sea surface temperature variability between the North and South Atlantic on a multidecadal time scale (approximately 60–80 years), known as the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV). AMV has been identified as a key driver for climate shifts that occurred in the mid-1960s and late 1990s. Here we attempt to predict the summer AMV by analyzing decadal prediction experiments from two climate models. Results show that these climate models with proper initialization do a better job than uninitialized historical runs, and are capable of predicting the observed AMV time evolution. Our models predict that the AMV will be in a neutral to slightly negative phase, leading to a warm–dry trend over western Europe and North Africa and a cold–wet trend (cold relative to the warming trend) over southeastern China and Indochina in the next few years.
Climatological Changes in the Extratropical Transition of Tropical Cyclones in High-Resolution Global Simulations
Authors: Michaelis Allison C. , Lackmann Gary M.
Published: September 2019

Tropical cyclones (TCs) undergoing extratropical transition (ET) can develop into intense cyclonic systems accompanied by high-impact weather in areas far removed from the original TC. This study presents an analysis of multiseasonal global simulations representative of present-day and projected future climates using the Model for Prediction Across Scales–Atmosphere (MPAS-A), with high resolution (15-km grid) throughout the Northern Hemisphere. TCs are tracked as minima in sea level pressure (SLP) accompanied by a warm core, and TC tracks are extended into the extratropical phase based on local minima in SLP and use of a cyclone phase space method. The present-day simulations adequately represent observed ET characteristics such as frequency, location, and seasonal cycles throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The most significant changes in future ET events occur in the North Atlantic (NATL) basin. Here, a more favorable background environment, a shift toward stronger TC warm cores in the lower troposphere, and a significant poleward shift in TC location lead to a ~40% increase in the number of NATL ET events and a ~6% increase in the fraction of TCs undergoing ET. This equates to approximately 1–2 additional ET events per year in this region. In the future simulations, ET in the NATL occurs markedly farther north by ~4°–5°N, and the resultant extratropical cyclones are stronger by ~6 hPa. These changes hold potentially important implications for areas directly affected by ET events, such as eastern North America, as well as for regions indirectly impacted by downstream effects, including western Europe.
An Analysis of Moisture Sources of Torrential Rainfall Events over Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhou Yu-shu , Xie Ze-ming , Liu Xin
Published: September 2019

Water vapor is a primary rainfall source for the development of torrential rainfall events. By using a Lagrangian flexible particle dispersion model (FLEXPART), the water vapor transports associated with torrential rainfall over Xinjiang, China, during April–September of 2008–15 are examined in this study. The results show that water vapor related to torrential rainfall events is mostly transported by westerly winds. The moisture sources for the development of torrential rainfall over four areas (Altay, Ili Valley, Hami, and Aksu-Kashgar) are mainly from Xinjiang and central Asia. The north Asia area and the Mediterranean/Black/Caspian Sea region are also important contributors to moisture source over the Altay area. Over Ili Valley, both the central Asia area and Xinjiang contribute 40% of water vapor to rainfall sources. Over the Hami area, 70% of the moisture source is from the Xinjiang. Over the Aksu-Kashgar area, the central Asia region is the most important moisture source area.
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Precipitation Amount, Frequency, Intensity, and Persistence in China, 1973–2016
Authors: Shang Hua , Xu Ming , Zhao Fen , Tijjani Sadiya Baba
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we examined the spatial and temporal variations in precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in China based on daily precipitation data from 2050 weather stations from 1973 to 2016. We used two Markov chain parameters to quantify the wet persistence and dry persistence that characterizes the temporal pattern of wet and dry days, respectively. We found that China’s annual precipitation changed little from 1973 to 2016, but varied dramatically from 524 to 688 mm yr−1, with an average of 592 mm yr−1, during this period. China’s precipitation frequency, the number of days with effective precipitation (>0.1 mm day−1) in a year, significantly decreased at a rate of 0.9 days decade−1 from 1973 to 2016, but precipitation intensity significantly increased at a rate of 0.12 mm day−1 decade−1 during the same period. Of the changes in China’s total precipitation amount, precipitation intensity played a dominant role, contributing 70.8%, while precipitation frequency contributed the remaining 29.2%. Little change was found in the wet persistence in China over the period of 1973–2016, but the dry persistence significantly increased with an average increasing trend of 1.62 × 10−3 probability per decade during the same period, and no significant correlations were found between these two variables. China’s precipitation also changed nonuniformly in space, with increasing trends in precipitation amount, frequency, intensity, and wet persistence in western and northeastern China but decreasing trends in the Sichuan basin, northeast of Inner Mongolia, and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region.
Simultaneous Assimilation of Radar and All-Sky Satellite Infrared Radiance Observations for Convection-Allowing Ensemble Analysis and Prediction of Severe Thunderstorms
Authors: Zhang Yunji , Stensrud David J. , Zhang Fuqing
Published: September 2019

This study explores the benefits of assimilating infrared (IR) brightness temperature (BT) observations from geostationary satellites jointly with radial velocity (Vr) and reflectivity (Z) observations from Doppler weather radars within an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) data assimilation system to the convection-allowing ensemble analysis and prediction of a tornadic supercell thunderstorm event on 12 June 2017 across Wyoming and Nebraska. While radar observations sample the three-dimensional storm structures with high fidelity, BT observations provide information about clouds prior to the formation of precipitation particles when in-storm radar observations are not yet available and also provide information on the environment outside the thunderstorms. To better understand the strengths and limitations of each observation type, the satellite and Doppler radar observations are assimilated separately and jointly, and the ensemble analyses and forecasts are compared with available observations. Results show that assimilating BT observations has the potential to increase the forecast and warning lead times of severe weather events compared with radar observations and may also potentially complement the sparse surface observations in some regions as revealed by the probabilistic prediction of mesocyclone tracks initialized from EnKF analyses as various times. Additionally, the assimilation of both BT and Vr observations yields the best ensemble forecasts, providing higher confidence, improved accuracy, and longer lead times on the probabilistic prediction of midlevel mesocyclones.
Architecture and Correctional Services: A Facilities Approach to Treatment
Authors: St. John Victor J. , Blount-Hill Kwan-Lamar , Evans Douglas , Ayers Dave , Allard Samantha
Published: September 2019

Facilities are important aspects of rehabilitative treatment. To fully understand the impact of a facility on the effectiveness of treatment, the direct perspectives of service providers are critical. We examine four autoethnographic accounts from correctional service providers to determine the role of the facility in their provision of care and organize these into considerations of three central aspects of correctional architecture—space, layout, and setting (SLS)—which play an important role in the efficacy of rehabilitative services. We conclude by proposing how research may advance in this area, especially through the use of practitioner accounts.
Kinematic analysis and simulation of a new type of differential micro-feed mechanism with friction
Authors: Yu Hanwen , Feng Xianying , Sun Qun
Published: September 2019

This article presents a new micro-feed mechanism, whose main transmission component is the nut–rotary ball screw pair. The screw and nut are driven by two motors, and they rotate in the same direction, with their movements enabling micro-feeding. The main contribution of the micro-feed mechanism is to avoid the inevitable low-speed nonlinear creeping phenomenon caused by the inherent properties of traditional electromechanical servo system structure, thus realizing high precision micro-feed. In this study, the motion state of the working ball is analyzed using the principle of differential geometry, the friction at the contact points is calculated, the balance equation for force and moment is established, the influences of the screw and nut on the kinematic parameters of the ball at different velocities and the differences in the motion states of the ball in different drive modes are studied, and the mechanical efficiency of the dual-driven ball screw mechanism is calculated. The potential applications of the new micro-feed mechanism and the results of numerical analysis can be applied to advanced technology fields such as robotics, suspensions, powertrain, national defense, integrated electronics, optoelectronics, medicine, and genetic engineering, so that the new system can have a lower stable speed limit and achieve precise micro-feed control.
A Cognitive Appraisal Process of Customer Delight: The Moderating Effect of Place Identity
Authors: Jiang Yangyang
Published: September 2019

This study aims to empirically examine an integrative model centered on customer delight drawing from cognitive appraisal theory and place identity theory. A self-completed survey administered in English at three tourism destinations in Australia (Phillip Island, Great Ocean Road, and Sovereign Hill) generated 457 valid responses. The results show that authenticity and employee helpfulness are positively associated with customer delight, which in turn, positively affects the positive word-of-mouth (PWOM) intention. Customer delight is a principal mechanism that transmits the influence of authenticity and employee helpfulness to PWOM. In addition, place identity moderates the relationship between customer delight and PWOM such that the higher the place identity, the weaker is the relationship between customer delight and PWOM. The findings advance the current theorizations on several fronts and offer managerial implications for destination marketing practice in terms of customer experience management, marketing communications, and customer service.
Is Computed Tomography Imaging of Deviated Nasal Septum Justified for Obstruction Confirmation?
Authors: Janovic Natasa , Janovic Aleksa , Milicic Biljana , Djuric Marija
Published: September 2019

Third-party payers request objective confirmation of the nasal septum deviation (NSD) severity by computed tomography (CT) before authorizing financial support for septoplasty. Previous studies have provided contradictory results related to the link between obstruction severity and CT-measured angle of the NSD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the diverse CT morphology of NSDs (including previously neglected types and shapes) could predict obstruction severity. The study included 225 patients with NSD. The CT morphology of the septum was analyzed using 5 different classifications of NSD that are commonly used in the clinical practice and research. The angle of NSD was also measured. Nasal obstruction was assessed by the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire. A relationship between CT morphology and the angle of the NSD and NOSE scores was analyzed using appropriate regression models. Patients with NSDs located in the anterior part of the septum always have some degree of nasal obstruction, while those with posterior NSDs did not necessarily report obstruction symptoms no matter how complicated NSD they have. Regression analysis did not reveal any causal relationship between NOSE scores and CT morphology and the angle of NSD. The presence of spurs and whether they divide nasal passages have no statistically significant predictive effect on the obstruction severity. The CT morphology and the angle of the NSD could not predict severity of the nasal obstruction. Requesting CT examination just to objectively confirm nasal obstruction is not justified.
Kafka’s ‘Before the Law’: The participation of the subject in its subjectification
Authors: Huber Christian
Published: September 2019

This paper presents a close encounter between the literary works of Franz Kafka and a core topic in organizational theories of power, namely the participation of subjects in their own subjectification. In discussing ‘In the Cathedral’, the penultimate chapter of The Trial by Franz Kafka, the paper develops three central aspects of Kafka’s text: reflexivity as a form of entanglement with power, self-slander complementing formal involvement, and humour as a form of freedom. These aspects are mirrored against the example of performance evaluation to complement and enrich the theoretical debate about subjectification more generally. The paper and its contributions serve as a corrective to approaches that overemphasize either the possibilities of resistance, for example through reflexivity, or the impotence of the subject in the face of power.
Investigating the Relationship Between Turnaround Principal Competencies and Student Achievement
Authors: Hitt Dallas Hambrick , Meyers Coby V. , Woodruff Dennis , Zhu Guorong
Published: September 2019

Building upon the prior development of a model of turnaround principal competencies, we investigated the extent to which the identified principal competencies correlate with student achievement. Participants met rigorous selection criteria for having effectively turned around their schools during their first 2 years as principal. We conducted correlational analyses to examine the strength of relationship between each of the seven competencies and found that the model appears to reflect the internal states of principals who orchestrate school turnaround. We suggest that this initial effort should be further refined as additional data sources become available, but note that this model, given the popularity of principal competencies in districts, can inform current policies and practices.
Left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm rupturing into superior vena cava
Authors: Padhy Ajit Kumar , Sistla Chandrakumar VPL , Gupta Anubhav
Published: September 2019

A sinus of Valsalva aneurysm arising from the left coronary cusp and rupturing into the superior vena cava is extremely rare. We performed patch closure of such an aneurysm in a 23-year-old female who presented with syncopal attacks, exertional dyspnea, and chest pain. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques facilitated the planning of treatment. The complexity of the anatomical course precluded a catheter-based intervention. Surgical closure remains the treatment of choice in complex cases.
Sovereignty, Religion and Law in the British Empire: Raja Rammohan Roy’s Public Hermeneutics in His Times
Authors: Govind Rahul
Published: September 2019

Raja Rammohan Roy has been called various things, from the first Indian liberal and a ‘maker of modern India’ to one who could bring about little more than a caricature of promised transformation. That Roy saw himself as a subject of the English King is much less analysed. The following essay takes this self-perception of Roy as a ‘British subject’ as a clue to develop a twofold problematic on the nature of religion and law in Roy’s lifetime, that is, between the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. (a) We emphasize the importance of the King of England, and the importance of Kingship in which religion and law cannot be disentangled. This is established through an examination of the institutional arrangements in relationship to Kingship in the British Isles and the subcontinent, a study of S. T. Coleridge’s On the Constitution of the Church and State (London: Hurst, Chance and Co., 1830) and John Austin’s Province of Jurisprudence Determined (Delhi: Universal Publishers, 2012), amongst lesser known texts. (b) From an investigation into this religio-political constitution, we will explore the other dimensions opened up in Roy’s self-perception as a subject, that is, the relationship between religion, law and public reason in colonial India. By Roy’s ‘public hermeneutics’, we mean his arguing in the public medium of print as much as for a public (the colonial state and the reading public). But we also mean his use of reason in a sustained fashion so as to critique social and legal conditions. His arguments in structural and substantive terms, as we show, allow one to re-think the relationship between religion, law and universality.
DTI histogram parameters correlate with the extent of myoinvasion and tumor type in endometrial carcinoma: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Ghosh Adarsh , Singh Tulika , Singla Veenu , Bagga Rashmi , Srinivasan Radhika , Khandelwal Niranjan
Published: September 2019

Background

Myoinvasion and tumor-type determines surgical planning in endometrial carcinoma.

Purpose

To evaluate whole tumor diffusion tensor imaging histogram texture parameters in evaluating myoinvasion and tumor type in endometrial carcinoma.

Material and Methods

Twenty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma underwent diffusion tensor imaging on a 1.5-T MRI system using echo-planar imaging sequence with 0 and 700 s/mm2 b values. Whole tumor histogram parameters were obtained from fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity maps. Mann–Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used

Results

The mean fractional anisotropy of tumors with no myoinvasion was significantly higher than tumors which underwent myoinvasion, suggesting higher anisotropy in tumors which did not invade the myometrium. Voxel-wise heterogeneity in distribution of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity was seen in the form of higher uniformity and lower entropy of tumors with superficial <50% myoinvasion versus >50% myoinvasion. Uniformity, entropy, and energy of voxel-wise fractional anisotropy distribution gave an area under the curve of 0.827, 0.821, and 0.796, respectively, in predicting the presence of deep myometrial invasion while energy, entropy, and uniformity of mean diffusivity distribution in tumor gave an area under the curve of 0.84, 0.815, and 0.809 respectively. Tumor type was predicted with an area under the curve of 0.747, 0.759, and 0.765 for the uniformity, energy, and entropy of voxel-wise fractional anisotropy distribution. A logistic regression combining all the important histogram parameters obtained 94% and 88% sensitivity and 88% and 80% specificity in predicting deep myoinvasion and tumor type, respectively.

Conclusion

Diffusion tensor histogram analysis can better characterize endometrial carcinomas and can be used as a quantitative marker of tumor behavior.
Association between asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and high-risk human papillomavirus in cervical lesions
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhu Lizhe , Li Han , Ma Nan , Huang Huifang , Zhang Xiaoling , Li Ying , Fang Jing
Published: September 2019

Objective

This study aimed to determine the association of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, and herpes simplex virus type 2, with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) in cervical intraepithelial lesions and neoplasms.

Methods

A total of 320 hrHPV-positive and 160 hrHPV-negative women were divided into high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) + invasive cervical cancer and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion + normal subgroups, respectively, on the basis of pathological cervical lesions. Cervical brush specimens were amplified and hybridized using polymerase chain reaction kits.

Results

MH was associated with hrHPV infection, but not with specific hrHPV genotypes or with single or multiple genotypes. Coinfection of hrHPV and UU serotype 14 (Uup14) showed an increased risk of HSILs and cervical carcinoma (odds ratio [OR]: 12.541, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.625–43.390). U. urealyticum biovar (Uuu) and Uup1 infections showed a similar increased risk (OR: 11.646, 95% CI: 1.493–90.850; OR: 7.474, 95% CI: 1.140–49.015, respectively) without hrHPV.

Conclusions

Asymptomatic STIs are widespread. This study shows an association between UU subtypes and cervical cancer, providing new insight into cervical lesion etiology. Screening for MH, Uup14, Uup1, and Uuu is important under different hrHPV statuses.
The Effect of the “Great Village” on Psychological Outcomes, Burden, and Mastery in African American Caregivers of Persons Living With Dementia
Authors: Brewster Glenna S. , Epps Fayron , Dye Clinton E. , Hepburn Kenneth , Higgins Melinda K. , Parker Monica L.
Published: September 2019

The " Great Village," a cultural adaptation of a psychoeducation intervention the “ Savvy Caregiver” for African American caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLwD), aims to develop caregivers’ skills and improve the quality of the lives of both the PLwD and their caregivers. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Great Village on depressive symptoms, anxiety, burden, and mastery in African American caregivers ( N = 142). A three-arm randomized control trial ( Great Village, Great Village + exercise, and attention control) was conducted over a period of 6 months. Caregivers who received either Great Village or Great Village + exercise reported significant reduction in depressive symptoms and improvement in mastery. Caregivers who received only Great Village reported a reduction in anxiety. Receiving no intervention worsened caregiver burden. African American caregivers should receive culturally tailored interventions to support their health and well-being and improve their competence in caregiving.
Estimation on migration characteristics of leachate using analysis of hydraulic conductivity at bioreactor landfill
Authors: Choi Hyeong-Jin , Choi Yong , Rhee Seung-Whee
Published: September 2019

In bioreactor landfill, moisture content is one of the most important factors affecting the migration of leachate. The migration characteristics of leachate in the Sudokwon landfill site was estimated by examining relationships among self-loading weight of waste (waste weight load), bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and moisture content of the landfilled waste. Experimental zones in the Sudokwon landfill were divided into leachate recirculation zones (3-C and 4-C zone) and reference zone (3-D zone). The volume of the leachate recirculation was 207 m3 d-1 for 12 months in the 3-C zone and 190 m3 d-1 for 3 months in the 4-C zone. A logarithmic graph can describe the relationship between waste weight load and bulk density by moisture content. However, both the relationship between bulk density and hydraulic conductivity and the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and waste weight load can be expressed by an exponential graph. Through these relationships, generalised equations for hydraulic conductivity were established using moisture content and waste weight load. The hydraulic conductivity calculated from the generalised equation in the leachate recirculation zone was estimated to be 6.27 × 10-4 cm s-1 in the 3-C zone and 4.43 × 10-4 cm s-1 in the 4-C zone. The migration time of leachate in the leachate recirculation zone was estimated to be 64.2 days in the 3-C zone and 94.5 days in the 4-C zone, respectively.
Introducing the Ethnic One-Sided Violence dataset
Authors: Fjelde Hanne , Hultman Lisa , Schubiger Livia , Cederman Lars-Erik , Hug Simon , Sollenberg Margareta
Published: September 2019

This article introduces the Ethnic One-Sided Violence dataset (EOSV) that provides information on the ethnic identity of civilian victims of direct and deliberate killings by state and non-state actors from 1989 to 2013. The EOSV dataset disaggregates the civilian victims in the one-sided violence dataset from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program by identifying which ethnic group they belong to, using the list of politically relevant ethnic groups from the Ethnic Power Relations data. By providing information on the ethnic targets of violence, EOSV enables researchers to explore new questions about the logic and dynamics of violence against civilians.
Exploring Autonomy and Relatedness in Church as Predictors of Children’s Religiosity and Relationship with God
Authors: Ingersoll Heather
Published: September 2019

Concerns about the shifting religious landscape for young people in the United States provides the impetus to expand research investigating children’s experiences in Christian education. A significant number of children regularly attend Christian education in church and yet there is limited research investigating how those programs support children’s faith. Guided by self-determination theory, this research investigates whether instructional practices can support children’s religiosity and relationship with God. The present study specifically assessed whether children’s perceived relatedness with adults and peers in church, and children’s perceived autonomy in Sunday school, predicted children’s religiosity and relationship with God. Two hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to identify if the church variables were significant predictors of an identified relationship to God. Neither perceived relatedness in church nor perceived autonomy in Sunday school were significant predictors of identified religiosity. However, perceived relatedness in church did significantly predict relationship with God.
Patient initiated partner treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the Netherlands: views of patients with and partners notified for Chlamydia
Authors: Nanhoe Anita C. , Watzeels Anita J.C.M. , Götz Hannelore M.
Published: September 2019

Patient-initiated partner therapy (PIPT) for Chlamydia is not practiced in the Netherlands. We aimed to explore PIPT-willingness in patients infected with Chlamydia and persons notified for Chlamydia (partners) at sexual health clinics (SHCs) and general practitioners’ offices. We performed interviews among 20 heterosexual patients and 21 partners regarding real or hypothetical situations. The interviews were taped, transcribed verbatim and coded using ATLAS.ti7 software for qualitative research. Despite challenges in notifying partners in some cultural groups and some partner types, most patients and partners would cooperate with PIPT. Perceived barriers included unnecessary treatment, risking untreated other sexually transmitted infections and breaking the notification chain. Most patients and partners opted for home-based test-kits before treatment. Partners desired proper packaging of the test and the medication, along with an information insert, a supportive letter from the SHC, information on the internet and the possibility to contact a professional. Although PIPT may support partner notification (PN), many patients and partners prefer a diagnosis before treatment. PIPT with medication or a prescription combined with a home-based test-kit may be the way forward. However, PN seems to be influenced by type of partner and cultural background, requiring differentiated PN and partner therapy methods.
Holocene shoreline progradation and coastal evolution at Guichen and Rivoli Bays, southern Australia
Authors: Oliver Thomas SN , Murray-Wallace Colin V , Woodroffe Colin D
Published: September 2019

Prograded barrier systems record shoreline behaviour and palaeoenvironmental information. The Guichen Bay Holocene embayment fill succession in South Australia has been subject to several prominent studies; however, several important unanswered questions remained regarding the timing of the older ridge sets at this site. Additional Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating indicates that progradation commenced in the southeastern corner of the plain ~7300 years ago and was rapid between ~5800 and ~5000 years ago. To augment this record, three OSL dating transects were constructed at nearby Rivoli Bay in the north, central and south. Rapid progradation occurred in the south and then north of the Rivoli plain until ~5000 years ago. Steady progradation occurred in the centre of the plain between ~5000 years ago and present. Rapid shoreline progradation at Guichen and Rivoli Bays before ~5000 years ago was due to the input of sediment from the erosion of Robe and Woakwine Ranges and the inner continental shelf as sea levels rose to present. Raised beach strata imaged with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) at Rivoli Bay suggest a sea-level highstand of +2 m above present ~3500 years ago, steadily falling and reaching the present ~1000 years ago. This concurs with evidence from Guichen Bay and may have promoted shoreline progradation. Sediment infilling of Guichen and Rivoli Bays and the fall in sea level restricted the marine corridor between the Woakwine and Robe Ranges to a narrow channel by ~4000 and ~2000 years in the north and south, respectively. Holocene shoreline behaviour was influenced by changing sediment supply and shoreline reorientation with changing wave refraction patterns.
LIS pre-professionals’ perspectives towards library user education: A comparative study between three universities in Greater China
Authors: Allard Bradley , Lo Patrick , Liu Qianxiu , Ho Kevin K.W. , Chiu Dickson K.W. , Chen Joyce C.C. , Zhou Qingshan , Jiang Tianjin
Published: September 2019

Although the perceptions of library user education of academic libraries has been studied in a general context, specific studies on perspective of library and information science students are relatively few, especially in the context of Asia. Filling this research gap is particularly important because it affects the experiential learning of these pre-professionals, and shapes future library user education directions. As such, this study aims at understanding and comparing the views and perceptions of library user education programs in Greater China from the perspective of library and information science students. A total number 305 questionnaire survey responses were collected from three different universities in Greater China, namely: The University of Hong Kong (HKU), National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), and Peking University (PKU). Results from this survey study reveal high evaluations of library user education programs and library user education librarians as a whole, as well as possible ways for librarians to better promote such programs. Such ratings are attributed to findings from previous studies on why students choose librarianship as a career, as well as the importance of experiential learning embedded in the Library and Information Science programs at each university. Findings of this study also suggest that as pre-professionals (soon-to-be professional librarians), these student respondents recognize the values behind library user education as an important part of their overall learning practices. Results from this study will be useful in identifying how future library professionals in Greater China perceive library user education programs, and librarians – therefore potentially helping librarians improve the delivery of these services.
Stop the clock! Taking the nation out of linear time and bounded space
Authors: Sutherland Claire
Published: September 2019

This article focuses on the importance of linear time and bounded space to the nation, which must have a past, present and future in a way that occludes other ways of grasping time. It offers a critique of national chronological time and advances an alternative approach to national belonging based on a politics of longing. The article argues that rather than start with the nation-state as a category of analysis, as is the case with methodological nationalism, approaching a sense of belonging to the nation as part of a broader politics of longing offers a more open starting point for exploring the nation’s many manifestations. The politics of longing posits that the nation is but one among many, and by no means a necessary, frame of reference for individuals’ sense of belonging. It encompasses both restorative and reflective nostalgia as possible means of connecting individual narratives of belonging with ancestors and (national) heritage. The advantage of an approach derived from the politics of longing over methodological nationalism – which is understood as taking the nation-state for granted – is that it allows for knitting together narratives of home and belonging in many different ways, both within and outwith the national frame.
Dynamic response of a 2-2 multi-layered cement-based piezoelectric composite under arbitrary mechanical load
Authors: Zhang Taotao , Chen Jun , Ingabire Axel , Liao Yangchao
Published: September 2019

Theoretical analyses of the dynamic properties of a 2-2 multi-layered cement-based piezoelectric composite are presented based on the theory of piezoelasticity and D’Alembert’s principle. An arbitrary mechanical load acts on the free end of the composite in the form of pressure. The Taylor series expansion method is introduced for the arbitrary mechanical load, and the theoretical solutions of the composite are obtained mainly based on the eigenfunction expansion method, Duhamel integral, and Laplace transform. Comparisons between the theoretical results, numerical results, and four related theoretical studies are presented, and good agreements are found. Furthermore, the theoretical expression of magnification factors of the composite under the harmonic load are obtained and analyzed. In addition to providing a theoretical basis for the design and experimentation of 2-2 cement-based piezoelectric composites under the arbitrary loading, the theoretical methods presented in the article could be extended to analyze the dynamic characteristics of any multilayered composite structure.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of the First Metatarsal Bone in Minimally Invasive Distal Linear Metatarsal Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus
Authors: Seki Hiroyuki , Oki Satoshi , Suda Yasunori , Takeshima Kenichiro , Kokubo Tetsuro , Nagura Takeo , Ishii Ken
Published: September 2019

Background:

Modified Bösch osteotomy (distal linear metatarsal osteotomy [DLMO]) is one of the minimally invasive correctional surgeries for hallux valgus. The 3-dimensional correctional angles and distances of the first metatarsal bone in DLMO have not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to analyze the 3-dimensional postoperative morphological changes of the first metatarsal bone in DLMO.

Methods:

Twenty patients (30 feet) who underwent DLMO were enrolled. Preoperative plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the feet were examined. Postoperative radiographs and CT scans were also obtained after bone union. The surface data of the pre- and postoperative first metatarsals were reconstructed from the CT data. The positions of the distal ends of the first metatarsals described with respect to the proximal ends were calculated using CT surface-matching technique.

Results:

The distal end of the first metatarsal after DLMO was significantly supinated (10.2 ± 6.0 degrees, P < .001), adducted (6.0 ± 11.8 degrees, P = .004), dorsiflexed (11.1 ± 10.9, P < .001), shortened (7.4 ± 2.5 mm, P < .001), elevated (2.3 ± 3.1 mm, P = .001), and laterally shifted (8.2 ± 3.0 mm, P < .001) compared to the preoperative metatarsal distal end. Supination correction demonstrated a significant correlation with adduction correction ( r = 0.659, P < .001) on correlation analyses between these parameters.

Conclusion:

The 3-dimensional corrections of the first metatarsal bone after DLMO were evaluated. Pronation and abduction were successfully corrected. Furthermore, adduction correction might be an important factor affecting correction of pronation.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
Review of Calcaneal Osteotomies Fixed With a Calcaneal Slide Plate
Authors: Haggerty Erin K. , Chen Stephanie , Thordarson David B.
Published: September 2019

Background:

The calcaneal slide osteotomy is a common procedure used for the surgical correction of heel varus and valgus deformities. A variety of fixation methods exist including screws and plates. The literature shows a high rate of hardware prominence with screws leading to subsequent removal of hardware. Few studies have examined the use of plates for fixation of a calcaneal osteotomy. The purpose of this study was to assess outcomes following fixation of a calcaneal osteotomy with a calcaneal slide plate.

Methods:

This is a retrospective consecutive case series of all patients who underwent either a medial or lateral calcaneal slide osteotomy using the specialized calcaneal slide plate between September 2013 and December 2018 by a single surgeon. The primary outcome measures were the rate of hardware removal, healing of the calcaneal osteotomy, and any associated complications such as infection or incision healing delays. Patient baseline demographics and procedure-related data were recorded. The minimum follow-up was 4 months. A total of 81 procedures were performed using this calcaneal slide plate.

Results:

All of the patients had one or more additional procedures at the same time as the calcaneal osteotomy. All of the calcaneal osteotomies healed without displacement. Only 1 patient (1.2%) returned to the operating room and had removal of the calcaneal slide plate, which was after osteotomy union for an infected wound. There were no cases of hardware failure or removal due to it being symptomatic.

Conclusion:

A specialized calcaneal slide plate was an effective fixation device for both medial and lateral calcaneal slide osteotomies for a variety of foot and ankle conditions. The union rate was 100% and none of the patients had hardware symptoms, which is an improvement on published reports of symptomatic hardware after calcaneal slide osteotomy.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
News on Facebook: How Facebook and Newspapers Build Mutual Brand Loyalty Through Audience Engagement
Authors: Chen Victoria Y. , Pain Paromita
Published: September 2019

Focused on the value of Facebook as a distribution platform for newspapers, this study shows that news which attracts and holds readers’ attention on Facebook is positively related to the brand awareness and brand loyalty of newspapers and Facebook. Brand-wise, Facebook and newspapers benefit when news is distributed through Facebook. The study shows that Facebook and major newspapers are somewhat mutually beneficial in helping build the brand loyalty of both. However, audiences who read news from major brands on Facebook rather than going to the news sites may create a certain illusory loyalty toward a news brand.
Oncological Risk in Autologous Stem Cell Donation for Novel Tissue-Engineering Approaches to Postmastectomy Breast Regeneration
Authors: O’Halloran Niamh , Khan Sonja , Gilligan Katie , Dwyer Roisin , Kerin Michael , Lowery Aoife
Published: September 2019

Adipose tissue engineering using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) has emerged as an opportunity to develop novel approaches to postmastectomy breast reconstruction with the potential for an autologous tissue source with a natural appearance and texture. As of yet, the role of ADSCs in breast cancer development and metastasis is not completely understood; therefore, we must consider the oncological safety of employing an autologous source of ADSCs for use in breast regeneration. This study investigated the regenerative properties of ADSCs isolated from breast cancer patients, including those who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and noncancer controls. The ADSCs were characterised for several parameters central to tissue regeneration, including cell viability, proliferation, differentiation potential, and cytokine secretion. A stem cell population was isolated and confirmed by flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation. There was no difference in cell phenotype or surface antigen expression between ADSCs from different sources. Adipose-derived stem cells isolated from the breast of cancer patients exhibited reduced adipogenic differentiation potential compared with ADSCs from other sources. The greatest degree of adipogenic differentiation was observed in ADSCs isolated from the subcutaneous abdominal fat of noncancer controls. The proliferation rate of ADSCs isolated from the breast of cancer patients was increased compared with other sources; however, it was decreased in ADSCs isolated from breast cancer patients who had recently been treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A number of cytokines were detected in the cell conditioned media of ADSCs from different sources, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), which was detected at higher levels in the secretome of ADSCs from breast cancer patients compared with noncancer controls. This study provides important information relating to the suitability of ADSCs as an autologous cell source for adipose tissue engineering in postcancer reconstruction. Results indicate that while the surface phenotype does not differ, the differentiation capacity, proliferative rate, and secreted cytokine profile are affected by the presence or treatment of breast cancer. These findings support further investigation into the regenerative potential of these ADSCs, if they are to be considered in clinical reconstructive strategies.
Examining parent use of specific intervention techniques during a 12-week training program based on the Early Start Denver Model
Authors: Waddington Hannah , van der Meer Larah , Sigafoos Jeff , Whitehouse Andrew
Published: September 2019

Contemporary parent-implemented early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder usually incorporate a range of techniques with different theoretical underpinnings. While research suggests that parents often learn to implement interventions with an acceptable degree of overall fidelity, there is limited research into parent use of individual intervention techniques. This study included five mothers of young children with autism spectrum disorder who participated in a 12-week parent training program based on the Early Start Denver Model. Ten-minute play samples were coded for the mothers’ use of 18 specific Early Start Denver Model techniques before, during, and 1 month after the training program. The correlation between the mothers’ use of each Early Start Denver Model technique and their child’s level of engagement and expressive language was also calculated. Results suggest that all mothers increased the number of techniques that they were using from baseline to parent training. Some Early Start Denver Model techniques were moderately or strongly correlated with both child engagement and expressive language. There was considerable variation in outcomes across all mother–child dyads. These preliminary results have implications for how parents are trained/coached to implement interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder.

Lay abstract

Parents of young children with autism are often taught to deliver interventions which involve several different types of strategies. Research suggests that parents can usually learn to deliver these interventions but not much is known about their use of each specific intervention strategy. This study included five mothers of young children with autism who participated in a 12-week parent training program based on the Early Start Denver Model. We measured their use of 18 different ESDM strategies before, during, and 1 month after the training program. We found that parents increased the number of strategies that they used during the training program. There were differences between mothers in terms of the ESDM strategies that they used the most during the training. We also found that some of the strategies were more closely related to children’s levels of engagement and language than others. This suggests that parent training should be adapted to suit each parent’s needs.