bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Helicobacter pylori y los diferentes métodos para el diagnóstico: invasivos y no invasivos
Authors: Lara Icaza Javier David , Triana Castro Castula Tania , Fuenmayor Boscán Alisbeth
Published: October 2021

Helicobacter pylori, ha sido clasificada como una de las bacterias de mayor incidencia en la morbilidad gástrica del mundo entero, Su mayor prevalencia ha sido en poblaciones africanas y latinoamericanas. Debido a su injerencia al infectar la mucosa digestiva, representa uno de los factores etiológicos más importantes en el desarrollo de patologías como la gastritis. Es un microorganismo Gram-negativo microaerofílico que tiene forma espiral. Esta bacteria produce una enzima capaz hidrolizar la urea presente en el jugo gástrico, en dióxido de carbono y amoníaco, lo que alcaliniza el medio y Una vez alcanzado el lumen gástrico, se moviliza a través de la capa de mucus, y alcanza la superficie apical de las células del epitelio gástrico. Su presencia en los organismos origina no sólo la gastritis, sino la úlcera duodenal y gástrica, adenocarcinoma gástrico y linfoma MALT. El potencial patogénico que caracteriza esta bacteria, hace que resulte necesario contar con métodos eficaces para su detección. Las técnicas empleadas para el diagnóstico de Helicobacter pylori se dividen en 2 grupos: técnicas invasivas, que requieren una endoscopia gástrica para la toma de biopsias y técnicas no invasivas que son menos agresivas para el paciente. Actualmente, el estudio histológico de las biopsias tomadas por endoscopia (método invasivo) cuanta con un estándar de referencia y una sensibilidad y especificidad de 100%.. Por su parte, las pruebas no invasivas tienen la ventaja de ser procedimientos más aceptados por los pacientes, de menor costo y menor riesgo. Las pruebas deben elegirse, de acuerdo con la edad y factores de riesgo de determinados pacientes. Esta bacteria, sobrevive a la acidez gástrica y se caracteriza porque generalmente son asintomáticos; no obstante, en algunos pacientes, se asocia a distintas patologías gastrointestinales.
TECHNOLOGY OF INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF WOOD RESOURCES BY REMOTE SENSING METHODS OF THE EARTH
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, KHLYUSTOV V. K. , YURCHUK S. A. , KHLYUSTOV D. V. , GANIKHIN A. M.
Published: October 2021

The relevance and significance of the problem of automated forest inventory is dictated by regulatory documents defining the main directions and principles of digitalization of the country’s economic sectors, including the forest sector. The article is devoted to the problem of automated inventory of forests and digitalization of wood resources by technical means of ground-based taxation of stands, as well as remote aerial photography methods, analytical decoding of the forest canopy and determination of the complex of taxation indicators through the use of information and reference systems of multidimensional forest taxation standards. To construct an orthophotoplane and obtain a digital vegetation model, aerial photography works that meet the requirements of the photogrammetric method and the method of air-laser scanning (ALS) are described. The requirements for the parameters of aerial photography using the photogrammetric method, as well as for the parameters in the BOS, are set out. Variants of the technology of inventory of stands are proposed, indicating the appropriate tools for obtaining remote sensing data of the Earth. An assessment of the reliability of contour decoding of the species composition of stands with different spatial resolution of remote sensing data is given. The accuracy of digital vegetation models with different spatial resolution of data, the possibility of evaluating morphometric and volumetric indicators of tree crowns, as well as the resulting indicators of canopy closeness as a result of automation are indicated. An important element of the automated digitalization of wood resources is the allocation and taxation of cutting areas, the assessment of the commodity-monetary potential of stands allocated for logging.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES MADE OF LIGHT HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE (APPLICABLE TO THE DESIGN OF THE DRY FLOATING BULKHEAD)
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, RUBIN O. D. , LISICHKIN S. E. , KUZNETSOV S. YU. , BAKLYKOV I. V.
Published: October 2021

The results of experimental data of studies of reinforced concrete structures made of light high-strength concrete in a wide range of reinforcement coefficients (0.015-0.036) are presented. Experimental studies of a series of beam-type reinforced concrete structures made of light high-strength concrete were carried out according to the fi rst and second groups of limiting states to substantiate the use of such structures in hydraulic engineering. It should be noted that the complex technical solutions for a floating bulkhead are under development for the construction of a gravity-type foundation (including an abutment in an earth dam). Recommendations on the use of the obtained results of experimental studies in hydraulic engineering building including when designing a reinforced concrete structure of a dry floating bulkhead for the construction of a gravity-type foundation made of lightweight high-strength concrete are given.
TO THE CALCULATION OF LENGTH OF GEOPHYSICAL OBJECTS OF HYPERBOLIC OUTLINE
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, ANAKHAEV K. N. , AMSHOKOV B. KH. , ANAKHAEV K. K.
Published: October 2021

Hyperbolic curves are used in various theoretical and practical studies, including in the field of water management and environmental construction when calculating various geophysical objects with hyperbolic outlines (surfaces of coastal slopes, sliding lines of landslide massifs, directing dams, spillway surfaces of watersheds, water free fall trajectories, etc.). The exact determination of the length of the hyperbola arc is represented by a rather complex dependence based on “unbreakable” incomplete elliptic integrals, which makes it difficult to carry out analytical calculations and involves the use of tabular data with a time-consuming cross and non-linear interpolation of them, etc. Elementary dependencies are proposed to determine the length of the hyperbola arc, which give a very close approximation (up to 1%) to exact values. The obtained calculated analytical dependencies for determining the length of the hyperbola arc are recommended for practical use in theoretical and applied research in various fi elds of science and technology.
Separation Axioms via Ǐ ­ Semi­ g­ Open Sets
Authors: Abdel Karim M. A. , Nasir A. I.
Published: October 2021

The notions Ǐ­semi­g­closedness and Ǐ­semi­g­openness were used to generalize and introduced new classes of separation axioms in ideal spaces. Many relations among several sorts of these classes are summarized, also.
PERSEPSI GURU TENTANG PENYEDERHANAAN KURIKULUM 2013 MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DALAM MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH TAHUN AJARAN 2020/2021 DI SMAN 1 SUNGAI RUMBAI DAN SMAN 2 SUNGAI RUMBAI
Authors: Nafendani Zanelia , Husnita Liza , Jaenam Jaenam
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by the implementing the emergency curriculum during the pandemic in history learning. The problem of this research is the teacher's perception of the simplification of the 2013 curriculum during the pandemic period in history subjects for the 2020/2021 academic year at SMAN 1 Sungai Rumbai and SMAN 2 Sungai Rumbai. The purpose of this study is to describe Teacher Perceptions About the Simplification of the 2013 Pandemic Curriculum in History Subjects for the 2020/2021 Academic Year at SMA N 1 Sungai Rumbai and SMA N 2 Sungai Rumbai. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. This research uses the Stimulus Response theory, a theory that emphasizes the response or response to something that happens such as a policy or rule. The data collection techniques used are: 1) Observation, 2) Interview, 3) Documentation Study. Data analysis techniques are carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that Teacher Perceptions About Simplification of the 2013 Pandemic Curriculum in History Subjects for the 2020/2021 Academic Year at SMAN 1 Sungai Rumbai and SMAN 2 Sungai Rumbai were effectively used during pandemic learning. This is based on the tendency of teachers to view the emergency curriculum which has reduced lesson hours and material exposure so that it can make it easier for students and teachers in learning activities during the pandemic.
Ppt IMD dan Asi ekslusif
Authors: Hardiyanti Primitasari
Published: October 2021

Inisiasi Menyusui Dini ( IMD) adalah perilaku pencarian punting payudara ibu sesaatsetelah lahir. Hal ini sangat dibutuhkan, karena bayi setelah lahir langsung mendapatasupan gizi dari ASI. Pemberian ASI secara dini juga sangat bermanfaat bagiibu,terutama untuk merangsangkelancaran ASI. Program IMD merupakan programpendukung dari pemberian ASI Eksklusif pada bayi. IMD banyak memberikan manfaat bagi bayi di antaranya menurunkan angka kematianbayi karena hipotermi, mendapatkan antibodi dari kolostrum, menelan bakteri amanyang berkoloni di usus menyaingi bakteri patogen, membuat kadar glukosa bayi lebihbaik setelah beberapa jam setelah persalinan dan menurunkan intensitas ikterus karenapengeluaran mekonium yang lebih dini.Pemberian ASI secara eksklusif menurutDepKes (2003)Adalah pemberian ASI saja kepada bayi Tanpa di beri makanan dan Minuman lainSejak dari lahir sampai usia 6 bulan, kecuali pemberian obat dan vitamin.Pemberian ASI eksklusif dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor,antara lain yaitu; 1. faktor pemudah (predisposingfactors), yang mencakup pendidikan,pengetahuan, nilai-nilai adat atau budaya. 2. Faktor pendukung (enablingfactor), yang mencakup Pendapatan keluarga,ketersediaan3. waktu, dan kesehatan ibu. Faktor pendorong (reinforcementfactor), faktorfaktor ini meliputi dukungan keluarga danDukungan petugas kesehatan.
PPT - Imunisasi by Rindi Dwi Cantika
Authors: Dwi.C Rindi
Published: October 2021

Imunisasi adalah proses untuk membuat seseorang imun atau kebal terhadap suatu penyakit. Proses ini dilakukan dengan pemberian vaksin yang merangsang sistem kekebalan tubuh agar kebal terhadap penyakit tersebut.
"Do your part: Stay apart": Collective intentionality and collective (in)action in US governor's COVID-19 press conferences
Authors: Kirgil Zeynep Melis , Voyer Andrea
Published: October 2021

This mixed-methods study examines how political leaders mobilize collective intentionality during the COVID-19 pandemic in nine US States, and how collective intentionality differs across republican and democratic administrations. The results of our qualitative and quantitative analyses show that i) political leaders establish collective intentionality by emphasizing unity, vulnerability, action, and community boundaries; ii) political leaders’ call to collective action clashes with the inaction required by health guidelines; iii) social inequalities received little attention across all states compared to other themes; iv) collective intentionality in democratic administrations is linked to individuals’ agency and actions, suggesting a bottom-up approach. Conversely, in republican administrations individuals’ contributions are downplayed compared to work and state-level action, indicating a top-down approach. This study demonstrates the theoretical and empirical value of collective intentionality in sociological research, and contributes to a better understanding of leadership and prosociality in times of crisis.
Territorial strategy of medical units for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in the metropolitan area of Mexico City: analysis of mobility, accessibility and marginalization
Authors: Galindo-Pérez Mateo Carlos , Suárez Manuel , Rosales-Tapia Ana Rosa , Sifuentes-Osornio José , Angulo-Guerrero Ofelia , PEREZ HECTOR BENITEZ , de Anda - Jáuregui Guillermo , Díaz-de-León-Santiago Juan L. , Hernandez-Lemus Enrique , Herrera-Montalvo Luis A. , López-Arellano Oliva , Revuelta-Herrera Arturo , Ruiz-Gutiérrez Rosaura , Sheinbaum-Pardo Claudia , Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz David
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an exponential increase in the demand for medical care worldwide. In Mexico, the COVID Medical Units (CMU) conversion strategy was implemented. Objective. To evaluate the CMU coverage strategy in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) by territory. Materials. The CMU directory was used, as were COVID-19 infection and movement statistics and 2020 Mexican census information at the urban geographic area scale. The degree of urban marginalization by geographic area was also considered. Method. Using descriptive statistics and the calculation of a CMU accessibility index, population aggregates were counted based on coverage radii. In addition, two regression models are proposed to explain 1) the territorial and temporal trend of COVID-19 infections in the MCMA and 2) the movement of the COVID-infected population to medical units. Results. The findings of the evaluation of the CMU strategy were 1) in the MCMA, COVID-19 followed a pattern of contagion from the urban center to the periphery; 2) given the growth in the number of cases and the overload of medical units, the population traveled greater distances to seek medical care; 3) after the CMU strategy was evaluated at the territory level, it was found that 9 out of 10 inhabitants had a CMU located approximately 7 kilometers away; and 4) at the metropolitan level, the lowest level of accessibility to the CMU was recorded for the population with the highest levels of marginalization: those residing in the urban periphery.
Using Fiber Optic Sensors for Bridge Monitoring
Authors: Jayawardena Amal , Appuhamillage Gayan
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the data obtained from monitoring a steel Struss bridge using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors before and after a proposed repair for a crack propagation in the end plates. This paper details the operating mechanism behind the FBG sensors and advantages of using FBG sensors over resistive foil strain gauges for bridge structural health monitoring and also details how cracks on the outer web’s end plate originated and then provides a step-by-step guide to the completed repair. This technology can be use in other practical applications where structural health monitoring is needed.
Is there a Recognition of World Englishes and ELF in International Tests of English?
Authors: KARAKAŞ Ali
Published: October 2021

Thousands of non-native speakers have been taking international tests of English administered by long-established testing boards, such as ETC and PEARSON, for a wide range of purposes worldwide. These test-takers represent various Englishes of Outer and Expanding Circle countries. However, there is little information as to the degree to which their Englishes are recognized and represented in the major international tests of English. Thus, this study explores the websites and policy documents of the major international tests of English boards in relation to the kind(s) of Englishes against which they judge their test-takers’ English proficiency either by implication or by explicit statements through a documentary analysis approach. Informed by multimodal analysis of the visual data and content analysis of the textual data on the websites and the relevant documents, the study indicates that there is not much recognition of the diversity of English speakers from non-Anglophone countries and their diverse ways of English use in the tests at the level of practice in particular since they are rather standard English oriented for desired practices. The findings suggest that the testing boards should adjust their rubrics and assessment criteria in line with the current sociolinguistic profile of their test takers whose ways of doing English are relatively different from NESs and standard English norms.
A PRÁTICA REFLEXIVA NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA NA MODALIDADE EAD
Authors: Anversa Ana Luiza Barbosa , Silva Júnior Arestides Pereira da , Rinaldi Barbosa Ieda Parra , Oliveira Amauri Aparecido Bássoli de
Published: October 2021

A pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar como a prática reflexiva é contemplada na proposta pedagógica de um curso de Educação Física na modalidade de Educação a Distância. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como estudo de caso de caráter descritivo documental de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, localizada na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná. Os documentos foram organizados por meio de uma matriz analítica, tratados com base na análise de conteúdo, com o auxílio do software de análise qualitativa NVivo 10. Os resultados foram categorizados, apresentados e discutidos em quatro eixos temáticos inter-relacionados: Caracterização do caso – apresentação do contexto da pesquisa; Promoção da prática reflexiva nos Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem; Valorização das práticas presenciais como estratégia de fomento à ação reflexiva no processo de ensino aprendizagem e; Acompanhamento e reflexão sobre a ação interventiva durante os estágios curriculares supervisionados/ práticas educativas integradas. A partir da análise deste caso, a pesquisa indica que a prática reflexiva pode ser oportunizada na formação inicial de professores em Educação Física na Educação a Distância, sobretudo nos momentos de discussões e trocas de experiências, durante o estágio curricular supervisionado e por meio dos momentos presenciais. Entretanto, é necessário considerar o objeto de estudo da área, bem como as limitações e estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, a fim de amenizar os reflexos do distanciamento físico, espacial e temporal entre os atores envolvidos. Ressalta-se que a pesquisa se limitou à realidade de um único curso e seus respectivos documentos oficiais. Não foram acompanhadas as aulas ou entrevistados os sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo formativo, de forma a certificar a relação entre os documentos e o vivenciado.
Ecología política y gestión del agua en territorios rurales
Authors: Soares Denise
Published: October 2021

English abstract: The article approaches community water management in the rural town of El Mirador, Puebla, Mexico, from the political ecology perspective. To answer the question of how community water committees face the challenges of water management at the local level, we combine quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The results indicate that community households face lack of access to water, and the community committee manages the water from normative, technical, ecological and symbolic spheres, without having technical or financial support from the municipality, acting autonomously. We conclude that the norms established for the management of the resource of common use are consensual, which has fostered both sustainability in the use of water and the strengthening of community ties.

Spanish abstract: Este artículo aborda la gestión comunitaria del agua en la localidad rural El Mirador, Puebla, México, desde la perspectiva de la ecología política. Para contestar la pregunta: ¿cómo los comités comunitarios enfrentan los retos de la gestión del agua a nivel local? combinamos metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa, dado que una permite generalizar y otra profundizar relaciones. Los resultados indican que los hogares de la comunidad enfrentan la carencia de acceso al agua y el comité comunitario gestiona el líquido desde ámbitos normativos, técnicos, ecológicos y simbólicos, sin contar con el apoyo del municipio. Concluimos que las normas establecidas para el manejo del recurso de uso común son consensuadas, lo cual ha propiciado tanto sostenibilidad en el uso del agua como el fortalecimiento de lazos comunitarios.

French abstract: Cet article évoque la gestion de l’eau dans la communauté rurale d’El Mirador, au Mexique, abordée dans une perspective d’écologie politique. Il répond à la question suivante : comment les comités communautaires font-ils face aux défi s locaux de la gestion de l’eau? Nous combinons les méthodologies quantitative et qualitative, l’une nous permettant de généraliser et l’autre, d’approfondir les relations. Les résultats indiquent que les familles assument le défaut d’accès à l’eau et que le comité communautaire gère les aspects normatifs, techniques, écologiques et symboliques, sans soutien de la municipalité. Nous concluons que les normes établies autour de la gestion de l’eau sont consensuelles, ce qui a favorisé la durabilité dans l’utilisation de l’eau et le renforcement des liens communautaires.
Radio Tsinaka en pandemia
Authors: Salgado Lázaro Ana Laura , Coyotecatl Contreras Jéssica Malinalli , Moreno Del Angel Yeyectzin
Published: October 2021

En abril de 2020, circularon rumores de casos de contagio por el nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) en la cabecera del municipio de Cuetzalan del Progreso, en la Sierra Nororiental de Puebla, México. La información sobre kokolis-covid (como se nombró en náhuatl), inundaba los medios locales, las redes sociales, de la misma forma que los medios nacionales e internacionales. Como emisora comunitaria en San Miguel Tzinacapan, una comunidad del municipio de Cuetzalan, entendimos esta enfermedad como una nueva crisis a la que teníamos que hacer frente. Nuestro papel como medio de comunicación surgió en respuesta a otras crisis socioambientales, como la de los proyectos de muerte de la industria extractiva en escala global (Acosta & Brand, 2018; Hernández Hernández, 2018).
Legal Aspects of the Social Regulator of Contractual Relations in Labor Law of Ukraine
Authors: Голопич Т. П. , Голопич І. М.
Published: October 2021

Legal aspects of the social regulator of contractual relations in labor law of Ukraine have been revealed. The concept of social partnership and social dialogue as a legal regulatory mechanism of collective relations has been studied. Legal regulation of labor conditions at different levels, through agreements, reflecting the will and interests of the parties to the agreement, has been analyzed.

It has been found out that the personal nature of work, the definition of the specific labor function, duration of working time, remuneration of labor, etc., shall be reflected in a contractual relationship, which requires new forms of relationship between a state, an employer and an employee. Such new forms are acts of social partnership representing the interests of employees, employers, and the state in general. Special attention in this process has been paid to the collective agreement, wherein the interests of the labor collective and the employer are reconciled. The significance of the collective agreement is enhanced in the context of the market economy transformation and the development of new forms of management.

Based on international experience it has been proved that problems of economic and public life are addressed optimally, if the orientation is implemented not towards the confrontation, but towards the achievement of social compliance, adjustment of social partnership on the principles of cooperation between employers and employees, which are realized in forms of negotiations, the conclusion of collective agreements and collective arrangements, coordination of draft regulatory and legislative acts and consultation in decision-making by social partners at all levels.

It has been defined that social partnership is implemented by means of social dialogue, as a set of coordination procedures of interests of association of employees, employers and the state. Social dialogue helps to provide social harmony and stability in the society, it addresses diverse social and economic problems; it is the universal mean of collective relations for each country, it takes into account its traditions and particularities, and it is based on the significant practical experience of real cooperation.
An Arrow Against Profane and Promiscuous Dancing. Drawn out of the Quiver of the Scriptures.
Authors: Mather Increase
Published: October 2021

When a dancing master arrived in Boston in 1685 and offered lessons and classes for both sexes during times normally reserved for church meetings, the Puritan ministers went to court to suppress the practice. Increase Mather (1639-1723) took the leading part, writing and publishing this tract, which compiles arguments and precedents for the prohibition of “Gynecandrical Dancing, [i.e.] Mixt or Promiscuous Dancing, viz. of Men and Women … together.” These justifications were certainly shared with the court, which found the dancing master guilty, fined him £100, and allowed him to skip town.

Mather’s tract on dancing is an overwhelming compendium of sources and authorities: from the Bible, classical authors, Christian Church Fathers, medieval philosophers, and Reformed theologians both Continental and English. None of them, it appears, approved of mixed dancing—because it leads to adultery and worse. The vilest sins and the direst disasters lie only a short step from the dance floor.

The Arrow is remarkable for two things (at least): for how much allusion and citation are packed into its brief 30 pages, and for how quickly it escalates the issue into life-or-death scenarios, all vividly painted to emphasize the mortal danger of men and women dancing together.
ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ СУДОВО-ПСИХІАТРИЧНОЇ (ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ) ЕКСПЕРТИЗИ В АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ДЕЛІКТНОМУ ПРОВАДЖЕННІ
Authors: Веселов М. Ю. , Дубіна О. М.
Published: October 2021

На сьогодні нормами Кодексу України про адміністративні правопорушення не визначено порядок та підстави проведення судово-психіатричної експертизи, що стало причиною ініціювання певних змін та доповнень до вітчизняного законодавства (подання відповідних законопроектів до українського парламенту). У цій статті представлено результати аналізу чинних норм і пропозицій до законодавства, визначено наявні проблеми, а також запропоновано авторські рекомендації задля усунення прогалини щодо проведення судово-психіатричної та психологічної експертизи в рамках адміністративного провадження.
Host Blood Gene Signatures Can Detect the Progression to Severe and Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Omar Mohamed , Marchionni Luigi , Häcker Georg , Badr Mohamed Tarek
Published: October 2021

Malaria is a major international public health problem that affects millions of patients worldwide especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Although many tests have been developed to diagnose malaria infections, we still lack reliable diagnostic biomarkers for the identification of disease severity, especially in endemic areas where the diagnosis of cerebral malaria is very difficult and requires the exclusion of all other possible causes. Previous host and pathogen transcriptomic studies have not yielded homogenous results that can be harnessed into a reliable diagnostic tool. Here we utilized a multi-cohort analysis approach using machine-learning algorithms to identify blood gene signatures that can distinguish severe and cerebral malaria from moderate and non-cerebral cases. Using a Regularized Random Forest model, we identified 28-gene and 32-gene signatures that can reliably distinguish severe and cerebral malaria, respectively. We tested the specificity of both signatures against other common infectious diseases to ensure the signatures reliability and suitability as diagnostic markers. The severe and cerebral malaria gene-signatures were further integrated through k-top scoring pairs classifiers into ten and nine gene pairs that could distinguish severe and cerebral malaria, respectively. These signatures have various implications that can be utilized as blood diagnostic tools for malaria severity in endemic countries.
Post-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Follow-Up Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Possible Benefit of Telemedicine: An Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Audrey A. Y. , Chew Nicholas W. S. , Ng Cheng Han , Phua Kailun , Aye Yin Nwe , Mai Aaron , Kong Gwyneth , Saw Kalyar , Wong Raymond C. C. , Kong William K. F. , Poh Kian-Keong , Chan Koo-Hui , Low Adrian Fatt-Hoe , Lee Chi-Hang , Chan Mark Yan-Yee , Chai Ping , Yip James , Yeo Tiong-Cheng , Tan Huay-Cheem , Loh Poay-Huan
Published: October 2021

Background: Infectious control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to the propensity toward telemedicine. This study examined the impact of telemedicine during the pandemic on the long-term outcomes of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

Methods: This study included 288 patients admitted 1 year before the pandemic (October 2018–December 2018) and during the pandemic (January 2020–March 2020) eras, and survived their index STEMI admission. The follow-up period was 1 year. One-year primary safety endpoint was all-cause mortality. Secondary safety endpoints were cardiac readmissions for unplanned revascularisation, non-fatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrythmia, unstable angina. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was defined as the composite outcome of each individual safety endpoint.

Results: Despite unfavorable in-hospital outcomes among patients admitted during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic era, both groups had similar 1-year all-cause mortality (11.2 vs. 8.5%, respectively, p = 0.454) but higher cardiac-related (14.1 vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001) and heart failure readmissions in the pandemic vs. pre-pandemic groups (7.1 vs. 1.7%, p = 0.037). Follow-up was more frequently conducted via teleconsultations (1.2 vs. 0.2 per patient/year, p = 0.001), with reduction in physical consultations (2.1 vs. 2.6 per patient/year, p = 0.043), during the pandemic vs. pre-pandemic era. Majority achieved guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) during pandemic vs. pre-pandemic era (75.9 vs. 61.6%, p = 0.010). Multivariable Cox regression demonstrated achieving medication target doses (HR 0.387, 95% CI 0.164–0.915, p = 0.031) and GDMT (HR 0.271, 95% CI 0.134–0.548, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of lower 1-year MACE after adjustment.

Conclusion: The pandemic has led to the wider application of teleconsultation, with increased adherence to GDMT, enhanced medication target dosing. Achieving GDMT was associated with favorable long-term prognosis.
Variation in the Non-mimetic Vocalizations of Brood-Parasitic Indigobirds and Their Potential Role in Speciation
Authors: DaCosta Jeffrey M. , Sorenson Michael D.
Published: October 2021

Indigobirds (Vidua spp.) are obligate brood parasites in which imprinting on heterospecific hosts shapes adult vocal behavior and mating preferences. Adult male indigobirds mimic the songs and other vocalizations of their respective hosts, which signals their own host environment to prospective mates and has important implications for speciation. In this study, we examined variation within and among indigobird species in the non-mimetic components of their vocal behavior, including both chatter calls and their impressive repertoires of intricate non-mimicry songs. We test whether indigobird species in Tanzania (V. chalybeata, V. codringtoni, V. funerea, and V. purpurascens) differ consistently in general features of their non-mimetic vocalizations, and we test whether local ecological conditions influence vocal behavior. Indigobird non-mimetic song repertories are learned from and shared with other males of the same species. We find that local dialect “neighborhoods” are variable in size among species and regions, depending on habitat continuity and the distribution of male territories. Despite the complete turnover of the specific songs comprising non-mimicry song repertoires from one local dialect to the next, we find significant species effects for more general measures of non-mimicry songs such as repertoire size and diversity, frequency, song length, and pace. For some traits, we also found significant regional differences, which may be mediated by significant relationships between elevation and morphometrics. Chatter calls were broadly similar across both species and localities, but we found significant species and region effects for frequency and to a lesser extent pace. We discuss the possibility that learning and mimicking the vocalizations of different hosts might influence the production of non-mimetic vocalizations and explain many of the species differences we detected. Whether these species differences are purely due to phenotypic plasticity or also reflect genetic divergence in traits influencing sound production and/or female preferences, they may contribute to reproductive isolation among nascent and recently evolved indigobird species.
A Review on the Therapeutic Role of TKIs in Case of CML in Combination With Epigenetic Drugs
Authors: Amir Mohd , Javed Saleem
Published: October 2021

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a malignancy of bone marrow that affects white blood cells. There is strong evidence that disease progression, treatment responses, and overall clinical outcomes of CML patients are influenced by the accumulation of other genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, rather than only the BCR/ABL1 oncoprotein. Both genetic and epigenetic factors influence the efficacy of CML treatment strategies. Targeted medicines known as tyrosine-kinase inhibitors have dramatically improved long-term survival rates in CML patients during the previous 2 decades. When compared to earlier chemotherapy treatments, these drugs have revolutionized CML treatment and allowed most people to live longer lives. Although epigenetic inhibitors’ activity is disrupted in many cancers, including CML, but when combined with TKI, they may offer potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CML cells. The epigenetics of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and resistance to them is being studied, with a particular focus on imatinib, which is used to treat CML. In addition, the use of epigenetic drugs in conjunction with TKIs has been discussed. Resistance to TKIs is still a problem in curing the disease, necessitating the development of new therapies. This study focused on epigenetic pathways involved in CML pathogenesis and tumor cell resistance to TKIs, both of which contribute to leukemic clone breakout and proliferation.
Rapid Sequential Implication of the Human Medial Temporal Lobe in Memory Encoding and Recognition
Authors: Tautvydaitė Domilė , Adam-Darqué Alexandra , Manuel Aurélie L. , Ptak Radek , Schnider Armin
Published: October 2021

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is crucial for memory encoding and recognition. The time course of these processes is unknown. The present study juxtaposed encoding and recognition in a single paradigm. Twenty healthy subjects performed a continuous recognition task as brain activity was monitored with a high-density electroencephalography. The task presented New pictures thought to evoke encoding. The stimuli were then repeated up to 4 consecutive times to produce over-familiarity. These repeated stimuli served as “baseline” for comparison with the other stimuli. Stimuli later reappeared after 9–15 intervening items, presumably associated with new encoding and recognition. Encoding-related differences in evoked response potential amplitudes and in spatiotemporal analysis were observed at 145–300 ms, whereby source estimation indicated MTL and orbitofrontal activity from 145 to 205 ms. Recognition-related activity evoked by late repetitions occurred at 405–470 ms, implicating the MTL and neocortical structures. These findings indicate that encoding of information is initiated before it is recognized. The result helps to explain modifications of memories over time, including false memories, confabulation, and consolidation.
Safflower Polysaccharide Inhibits AOM/DSS-Induced Mice Colorectal Cancer Through the Regulation of Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Wang Qun , Huang Yun , Jia Min , Lu Dong , Zhang Hong-Wei , Huang Dan , Liu San-Hong , Lv Chao
Published: October 2021

Safflower polysaccharide (SPS) is one of the active fractions extracted from safflower petals (Carthamus tinctorius L.) which has been reported to possess antitumor and immune control roles. However, its antitumor mechanisms by regulating the immune pathway remain barely understood. In this study, a mouse model was established by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to evaluate the antitumor effect of SPS on colorectal cancer (CRC). The results showed that 50 mg/kg SPS-1, an active fraction isolated from SPS, could significantly inhibit CRC induced by AOM/DSS and changed the polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype. Meanwhile, SPS-1 treatment significantly alleviated the characteristic AOM/DSS-induced pathological symptoms, in terms of decreasing the nucleoplasmic ratio, nuclear polarity extinction, and gland hyperplasia. However, the results in vitro showed that SPS-1 did not directly inhibit the growth of CRC cells but could upregulate the NF-κB signal and trigger M1 macrophage transformation. Thus, the condition medium (CM) of Mφ pretreated with SPS-1 was used against CRC cells. As expected, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 markedly exhibited antitumor effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and suppressing cell colony formation. In addition, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 could also induce CRC cell apoptosis by upregulating the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO). Further results suggested that SPS-1–induced transition of the macrophage phenotype could be suppressed by an NF-κB inhibitor, PDTC. Moreover, SPS-1–activated Raw 264.7 inhibiting CRC cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis were also rescued by PDTC. Taken together, all results suggested that SPS-1 could be a therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Expression Elements Derived From Plant Sequences Provide Effective Gene Expression Regulation and New Opportunities for Plant Biotechnology Traits
Authors: To Jennifer P. C. , Davis Ian W. , Marengo Matthew S. , Shariff Aabid , Baublite Catherine , Decker Keith , Galvão Rafaelo M. , Gao Zhihuan , Haragutchi Olivia , Jung Jee W. , Li Hong , O'Brien Brent , Sant Anagha , Elich Tedd D.
Published: October 2021

Plant biotechnology traits provide a means to increase crop yields, manage weeds and pests, and sustainably contribute to addressing the needs of a growing population. One of the key challenges in developing new traits for plant biotechnology is the availability of expression elements for efficacious and predictable transgene regulation. Recent advances in genomics, transcriptomics, and computational tools have enabled the generation of new expression elements in a variety of model organisms. In this study, new expression element sequences were computationally generated for use in crops, starting from native Arabidopsis and maize sequences. These elements include promoters, 5′ untranslated regions (5′ UTRs), introns, and 3′ UTRs. The expression elements were demonstrated to drive effective transgene expression in stably transformed soybean plants across multiple tissues types and developmental stages. The expressed transcripts were characterized to demonstrate the molecular function of these expression elements. The data show that the promoters precisely initiate transcripts, the introns are effectively spliced, and the 3′ UTRs enable predictable processing of transcript 3′ ends. Overall, our results indicate that these new expression elements can recapitulate key functional properties of natural sequences and provide opportunities for optimizing the expression of genes in future plant biotechnology traits.
Embodied Songs: Insights Into the Nature of Cross-Modal Meaning-Making Within Sign Language Informed, Embodied Interpretations of Vocal Music
Authors: Fisher Vicky J.
Published: October 2021

Embodied song practices involve the transformation of songs from the acoustic modality into an embodied-visual form, to increase meaningful access for d/Deaf audiences. This goes beyond the translation of lyrics, by combining poetic sign language with other bodily movements to embody the para-linguistic expressive and musical features that enhance the message of a song. To date, the limited research into this phenomenon has focussed on linguistic features and interactions with rhythm. The relationship between bodily actions and music has not been probed beyond an assumed implication of conformance. However, as the primary objective is to communicate equivalent meanings, the ways that the acoustic and embodied-visual signals relate to each other should reveal something about underlying conceptual agreement. This paper draws together a range of pertinent theories from within a grounded cognition framework including semiotics, analogy mapping and cross-modal correspondences. These theories are applied to embodiment strategies used by prominent d/Deaf and hearing Dutch practitioners, to unpack the relationship between acoustic songs, their embodied representations, and their broader conceptual and affective meanings. This leads to the proposition that meaning primarily arises through shared patterns of internal relations across a range of amodal and cross-modal features with an emphasis on dynamic qualities. These analogous patterns can inform metaphorical interpretations and trigger shared emotional responses. This exploratory survey offers insights into the nature of cross-modal and embodied meaning-making, as a jumping-off point for further research.
Guardiola, Klopp, and Pochettino: The Purveyors of What? The Use of Passing Network Analysis to Identify and Compare Coaching Styles in Professional Football
Authors: Immler Sebastian , Rappelsberger Philipp , Baca Arnold , Exel Juliana
Published: October 2021

We applied social networks analysis to objectively discriminate and describe interpersonal interaction dynamics of players across different top-coaching styles. The aim was to compare metrics in the passing networks of Jürgen Klopp, Pep Guardiola, and Mauricio Pochettino across the UEFA Champions League seasons from 2017 to 2020. Data on completed passes from 92 games were gathered and average passing networks metrics were computed. We were not only able to find the foundations on which these elite coaches build the passing dynamics in their respective teams, but also to determine important differences that represent their particular coaching signatures. The local cluster coefficient was the only metric not significantly different between coaches. Still, we found higher average shortest-path length for Guardiola's network (mean ± std = 3.00 ± 0.45 a.u.) compared to Klopp's (2.80 ± 0.52 a.u., p = 0.04) and Pochettino's (2.70 ± 0.39 a.u., p = 0.01). Density was higher for Guardiola's (64.16 ± 20.27 a.u.) than for Pochettino's team (51.42 ± 17.28 a.u., p = 0.008). The largest eigenvalue for Guardiola's team (65.95 ± 16.79 a.u.) was higher than for Klopp's (47.06 ± 17.25 a.u., p < 0.001) and Pochettino's (42,62 ± 12.01 a.u., p < 0.001). Centrality dispersion was also higher for Guardiola (0.14 ± 0.02 a.u.) when compared to Klopp (0.12 ± 0.03 a.u., p = 0.008). The local cluster coefficient seems to build the foundation for passing work, however, cohesion characteristics among players in the three teams of the top coaches seems to characterize their own footprint regarding passing dynamics. Guardiola stands out by the high number of passes and the enhanced connection of the most important players in the network. Klopp and Pochettino showed important similarities, which are associated to preferences toward more flexibility of interpersonal linkages synergies.
Tourism, Scientific, and Didactic Potential of the Ultrabasic-Alkaline Intrusion in Afrikanda with Perovskite Mineral (Kola Peninsula, N Russia) and of the Related Built Heritage
Authors: Huber Miłosz , Iakovleva Olga
Published: October 2021

The present article is an example of research on the tourism, scientific, and teaching potential of the ultrabasic-alkaline intrusion with perovskite minerals in Afrikanda (Kola Peninsula, North Russia) and the possibility of its development as part of a local geopark site. A proposal to create a protected zone in this site, to expose sites of geological, natural, historical, and tourist interest is presented. Didactic routes and locations of geo-point visitors are proposed. Currently, there are numerous quarries and other mining objects of high historical, technical, and geological value. In the vicinity, there is a trough lake and post-glacial formations that can supplement knowledge about this region and add interest to would-be visitors. The remains of a historical camp for workers and miners are also visible in the intrusion area. In the vicinity of Afrikanda village, there is an international railroad line to Murmansk and St. Petersburg with a working railroad station. The place has high historical and geological potential for tourists and very rare and interesting mineralization. The last is a key value. The location is associated with 30 alkaline intrusions in NE Fennoskandia. There are opportunities to create a museum with a park where, with relatively little funding (most of the existing infrastructure buildings are in good condition), the intrusions can be shown to tourists. We proposed a conservation area with exposures, quarries, mine infrastructure, and historical sites, along with the location of geosites, hiking trails, and a geo-point for visitors. These sites are prospective for the economic revival of Afrikanda village and can protect the unique exposures.
Addressing the Early-Successional Habitat Needs of At-Risk Species on Privately Owned Lands in the Eastern United States
Authors: Litvaitis John A. , Larkin Jeffery L. , McNeil Darin J. , Keirstead Don , Costanzo Bridgett
Published: October 2021

Public lands alone are insufficient to address the needs of most at-risk wildlife species in the U.S. As a result, a variety of voluntary incentive programs have emerged to recruit private landowners into conservation efforts that restore and manage the habitats needed by specific species. We review the role of one such effort, Working Lands for Wildlife (WLFW), initiated by the Natural Resources Conservation Service in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Using two at-risk species in the eastern U.S. (where private lands dominate), we show the substantial potential that WLFW has for restoring and maintaining needed habitats. Monitoring how effective these efforts are on populations of the target species has been challenging, and both monitoring and implementation are being modified in response to new information. Identifying landowner motivations is essential for developing long-term relationships and conservation success. As WLFW projects develop, they are moving toward a more holistic ecosystem approach, within which the conservation goals of at-risk species are embedded.