bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problemreduzierungsansätze für die Produktionsplanung unter Verwendung von Auslastungsfunktionen
Authors: Kacar N. Baris , Mönch Lars , Uzsoy Reha
Published: June 2019

Eine Schwäche vieler linearer Optimierungsansätze für die Produktionsplanung besteht darin, dass sie nicht in der Lage sind, den nichtlinearen Zusammenhang zwischen Umlaufbestand und Durchlaufzeit korrekt abzubilden. Der Umlaufbestand wird dabei durch die auf Bearbeitung wartenden bzw. sich in Bearbeitung befindlichen Jobs gebildet. Nichtlineare Auslastungsfunktionen modellieren diesen Zusammenhang und haben sich als vielversprechend für die Entwicklung effektiver Formulierungen erwiesen. Die Verwendung von Auslastungsfunktionen führt aber zu viel größeren Modellen als für konventionelle Produktionsplanungsformulierungen mit festen Durchlaufzeiten. Außerdem ist erheblicher Aufwand erforderlich, um die Auslastungsfunktionen zu ermitteln. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Leistungsfähigkeit von reduzierten Modellen, bei denen lediglich eine Teilmenge der potentiell kritischen Maschinengruppen durch Auslastungsfunktionen repräsentiert wird, in Bezug auf Kosten und Gewinn. Simulationsexperimente für ein Modell einer großen Halbleiterfabrik zeigen, dass sogar dann reduzierte Modelle wesentlich weniger leistungsfähig sind als Modelle, in denen für alle Maschinengruppen Auslastungsfunktionen verwendet werden, wenn 75 % des Umlaufbestands an Maschinengruppen mit Auslastungsfunktionen anfallen. Diese Ergebnisse belegen, dass die Interaktionen zwischen den Maschinengruppen komplex sind und Modelle, die nur eine eingeschränkte Anzahl von Auslastungsfunktionen verwenden, zu einer falschen Einschätzung der Leistungsfähigkeit des Produktionssystems führen können. Das beobachtete Verhalten wird durch Analyse der Dualvariablen, die zu den Maschinengruppen gehören, erklärt.
Effiziente Initialisierung von Steuerungsparametern für Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme via Multi-Ebenen-Optimierung
Authors: Zou Minjie , Ocker Felix , Huang Edward , Chen Chun-Hung , Vogel-Heuser Birgit
Published: June 2019

An moderne Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme werden hohe Anforderungen hinsichtlich Flexibilität und Effizienz gestellt. Flexibilität wird zum Teil bereits durch moderne Steuerungssoftware unterstützt, wobei die initialen Steuerungsparameter bisher typischerweise ad-hoc festgelegt werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz zur Optimierung der initialen Steuerungsparameter vor, der mehrere Simulationsmodelle verschiedener Genauigkeit mittels ordinaler Transformation kombiniert. Die Anwendbarkeit des Ansatzes wird anhand eines Labordemonstrators für Produktionssysteme gezeigt.
Echtzeitfähige energiereduzierte Pfadplanung für Mobile Roboter
Authors: Mitschke Marcel , Uchiyama Naoki , Sawodny Oliver
Published: June 2019

Für Aufgaben wie dem Reinigen von Außenanlagen oder Rasenmähen benötigen mobile Roboter effiziente Algorithmen zur Lösung des Coverage Path Planning (CPP) Problems. Da stetig variierende Umgebungsbedingungen auf CPP-Probleme mit hoher Komplexität führen, wird häufig auf echtzeitfähige heuristische Ansätze mit Vorgaben an die maximale Rechenzeit ausgewichen. Darüber hinaus ist ein möglichst energieeffizienter Pfad erstrebenswert, da die Batteriekapazität von mobilen Robotern begrenzt ist. Diese Veröffentlichung stellt zwei CPP-Algorithmen vor, die den Energieverbrauch eines mobilen Roboters mit und ohne Kenntnis der Umgebung berücksichtigen. Der Energieverbrauch, die benötigte Fahrtzeit, die Pfadlänge und die Rechenzeit der vorgestellten Algorithmen werden simulativ mit zwei existierenden Methoden verglichen.
Ein Modellierungsansatz für eine Systemarchitekturbeschreibung von Automotive-Systemen mit MARTE und SysML
Authors: Ribeiro Fabíola Gonçalves C. , Rettberg Achim , Pereira Carlos E. , Soares Michel S.
Published: June 2019

Eine Systemarchitektur sollte die entsprechenden Funktionen, Dienste und Einschränkungen des Systems unter verschiedenen und verständlichen Beschreibungen darstellen. In dieser Arbeit werden Strategien für Architekturentwurfe vorgestellt und für Echtzeit- und Eingebettete Systeme (RTES) analysiert. In diesem Artikel präsentieren wir ein praktisches Entwurfsmodell einer Architektur für Automobilsysteme anhand von sogenannten Entwurfs-Sichtweisen. Modelle werden in den operativen, funktionalen, logischen und technischen Sichtweisen eines Systems betrachtet und können bei frühen Entwurfsbeschreibungen mehrere funktionale und nicht funktionale Eigenschaften von RTES darstellen. Der vorgeschlagene Ansatz wird in einer industriellen Fallstudie im Automobilbereich evaluiert. Zusätzlich zur Definition der Sichtweisen stellt diese Untersuchung einen spezifischen Rahmen für die RTES-Entwicklung vor. Diese Strategie des Entwurfs kann die Eigenschaften der RTES hervorheben und das System auf verschiedenen Abstraktionsebenen beschreiben. Darüber hinaus wird durch Experteninterviews aus den jeweiligen Systementwurfsdomänen eine Qualitative Bewertung vorgenommen, um zu analysieren, ob die Modelle der entsprechenden Sichtweisen das erwartete und gewünschte Systemverhalten repräsentieren.
The Effects of Copayments on Healthcare Utilization in Korea’s Medical Aid Program
Authors: Lee Yong-Woo , Lee Yong-Ju
Published: June 2019

This study empirically tests the effects of the introduction of copayments on healthcare utilization in the Korea’s medical aid program (MAP). Due to a growing concern about overutilization of public healthcare and government’s financial burden, the Korean government reformed the MAP in 2007 and introduced copayments for outpatient care of Type 1 enrollees who had borne no medical treatment cost until the reform. Exploiting the natural experiment of 2007 reform, we perform a difference-in-differences (DID) analysis with propensity score matching and conclude that the introduction of copayments reduces healthcare utilization in the short-run through heterogeneous effect on the outpatient services consumption distribution, but this effect rapidly disappears over time.
Two Rationales for Insufficient Entry
Authors: Chen Linfeng , Li Tan , Qian Bing
Published: June 2019

This study offers two new rationales for insufficient entry in a given industry. The first is the presence of complementary industries. Suppose there is free entry in an industry and the complementary industries are monopolistic. If the number of complementary industries is sufficiently high, then there is insufficient entry. However, if these industries are substitutes, then there is always excessive entry. The second rationale is that there is cost-reducing R&D investment and spillover. When the spillover rate is sufficiently high, there is insufficient entry. Further, we consider the general model and obtain similar results.
B

i
and Branching Strict Nash Networks in Two-way Flow Models: A Generalized Sufficient Condition
Authors: Charoensook Banchongsan
Published: June 2019

Bi
and branching networks are two classes of minimal networks often found in the literature of two-way flow Strict Nash networks. Why so? In this paper, we answer this question by establishing a generalized condition that holds together several models in the literature, and then show that this condition is sufficient to guarantee their common result: every non-empty component of minimal Strict Nash network is either a branching or Bi
network. This paper, therefore, contributes to the literature of two-way flow Strict Nash networks by merging together several existing works.
A Note on Reference-Dependent Choice with Threshold Representation
Authors: Qin Dan
Published: June 2019

This note considers reference-dependent choice procedures shaped by a utility function and a threshold function. Alternatives are considered only when the utility gain of moving from the reference is bigger than the threshold. We impose no requirement on the threshold functions whereas previous works characterize the special case of strictly positive threshold functions. We also examine the case when the threshold function depends on both compared alternatives.
Reference interval by the indirect approach of serum thyrotropin (TSH) in a Mediterranean adult population and the association with age and gender
Authors: Lo Sasso Bruna , Vidali Matteo , Scazzone Concetta , Agnello Luisa , Ciaccio Marcello
Published: June 2019

Background

The serum concentration of thyrotropin (TSH) represents a first-line test in diagnostic algorithms. The estimation of TSH reference intervals (RIs) is still a matter of debate due to the high prevalence of subclinical disease making difficult the definition of truly healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to estimate TSH RIs in healthy subjects and to evaluate the effect of age and gender on TSH concentration.

Methods

Forty-four thousand one hundred and fifty-six TSH data were collected between July 2012 and April 2018 at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital, Palermo. Common and sex-specific RIs were estimated by Arzideh’s indirect method after exclusion of individuals younger than 15 years, subjects with repeated TSH tests and with abnormal free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3) or anti-thyroid-peroxidase antibodies. The combined effect of age and gender on TSH values was evaluated.

Results

RIs estimated in the selected individuals (n = 22602) were, respectively, 0.18–3.54 mIU/L (general), 0.19–3.23 mIU/L (men) and 0.18–3.94 mIU/L (women). Women showed significantly higher median TSH than men (1.46 vs. 1.39 mIU/L; p < 0.0001). Both in men and in women, median TSH decreased along with age; however, although up to 60 years in both men and women showed similar values, afterwards women showed constantly higher TSH than men. Accordingly, statistical analysis showed a significant interaction between gender and age (p = 0.001), suggesting that the effect of age on TSH is different between genders.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the indirect method, with appropriate cleaning of data, could be useful to define TSH RIs.
Dead zone for hydrogenation of propylene reaction carried out on commercial catalyst pellets
Authors: Szukiewicz M. , Chmiel-Szukiewicz E. , Kaczmarski K. , Szałek A.
Published: June 2019

Heterogeneous catalytic processes have for years been of crucial importance in the chemical industry, while biocatalitic processes have become more and more important. For both types of the processes the existence of zones without reactants were reported. Despite the fact that the dead zone can appear in real processes relatively often, the most important problem in practice is the real size of a dead zone inside a catalyst pellet or the real depth of penetration reagents in a biofilm and this is still unsolved. The knowledge of the parameters and some information about the process can allow improvement in yield, and selectivity, reduce consumption of catalyst by reducing the bed size etc. Presented in this work is a simple method of predicting the size of the inactive core of a uniformly activated catalyst pellet. The method is based on a simple mathematical model of catalyst pellet with inactive pellet centre and experimental investigations.
Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins
Authors: Naneva L. , Nedyalkova M. , Madurga S. , Mas F. , Simeonov V.
Published: June 2019

As a result of increased healthcare requirements and the introduction of genetically modified foods, the problem of allergies is becoming a growing health problem. The concept of allergies has prompted the use of new methods such as genomics and proteomics to uncover the nature of allergies. In the present study, a selection of 1400 food proteins was analysed by PLS-DA (Partial Least Square-based Discriminant Analysis) after suitable transformation of structural parameters into uniform vectors. Then, the resulting strings of different length were converted into vectors with equal length by Auto and Cross-Covariance (ACC) analysis. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical (K-means) Cluster Analysis (CA) was also performed in order to reach a certain level of separation within a small training set of plant proteins (16 allergenic and 16 non-allergenic) using a new three-dimensional descriptor based on surface protein properties in combination with amino acid hydrophobicity scales. The novelty of the approach in protein differentiation into allergenic and non-allergenic classes is described in the article.

The general goal of the present study was to show the effectiveness of a traditional chemometric method for classification (PLS–DA) and the options of Cluster Analysis (CA) to separate by multivariate statistical methods allergenic from non-allergenic proteins.
Finite-dimensional complex manifolds on commutative Banach algebras and continuous families of compact complex manifolds
Authors: Yagisita Hiroki
Published: June 2019

Let Γ(M) be the set of all global continuous cross sections of a continuous family M of compact complex manifolds on a compact Hausdorff space X. In this paper, we introduce a C(X)-manifold structure on Γ(M). Especially, if X is contractible, then Γ(M) is a finite-dimensional C(X)-manifold. Here, C(X) denotes the Banach algebra of all complex-valued continuous functions on X.
Synthesis Conditions for LPV Controller with Input Covariance Constraints
Authors: Alhmoud Lina , Al-Jiboory Ali Khudhair
Published: June 2019

In this paper, novel synthesis conditions for state-feedback Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) controller with Input Covariance Constraints (ICC) are developed. The synthesis conditions achieve the following design requirements 1) some constraints need to be satisfied on the control energy and 2) optimizing the performance outputs for the entire parameter space of the LPV system. These conditions are formulated as convex optimization problem with Parameterized Linear Matrix Inequalities (PLMIs) constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated through numerical examples.
The fabrication and characterization of casein/PEO nanofibrous yarn via electrospinning
Authors: Minaei Farzaneh , Ravandi Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini , Hejazi Sayyed Mahdi , Alihosseini Farzaneh
Published: June 2019

Casein, a natural protein, has been used as a biopolymer-based resource for producing fiber. This fiber provides high comfort properties with a pH close to human skin. This study focused on evaluating the production feasibility of casein nanofiber twisted yarn with the highest protein content in the hybrid yarn, obtaining suitable spinning conditions and desirable properties of the produced yarn. The desirable yarn achieved by composing 90% casein and 10% polyethylene oxide. The yarn strengthened using several types of cross-linking methods and the best technique was obtained to spin an optimized engineered yarn. Consequently, the biodegrading test conducted on the optimized yarn (90% casein and 10% polyethylene oxide blend) in the presence of 40% di-isocyanate as strengthener additive. Observations showed that after ten days, the sample mostly degraded in the solvent and its strength massively reduced so it could be considered as an environmentally friendly, biodegradable fiber.
Enhanced thermal conductivity of flexible h-BN/polyimide composites films with ethyl cellulose
Authors: Liu Lin , Shen Siyu , Wang Yiyao
Published: June 2019

The present work focuses on fabricating a flexible and thermally conductive PI composite film. The PI composite film was obtained by blending hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) combined with ethyl cellulose and 2,2’-Bis(trifluoromethyl) benzidine (TFMB) functionalized GO (TFMB- GO) in polyimide (PI). The ethyl cellulose successfully formed the thermal conduction network by promoting the dispersion of h-BN in PI matrix. Thus, the thermal conductivity of the PI composite film with ethyl cellulose could be twice than PI film without ethyl cellulose. Besides, the PI composite film containing 30 wt% of h-BN could still exhibit excellent flexibility. Moreover, the combination of TFMB-GO could increase the tensile strength of the PI composite film by up to 80%. Overall, we provided a novel idea for the preparation of flexible substrate materials with efficient heat dissipation which was convenient and possible to apply widely in the industrial production.
Maize-like ionic liquid@polyaniline nanocomposites for high performance supercapacitor
Authors: Song Honghong , Zhang Jing , Song Pengfei , Xiong Yubing
Published: June 2019

In this study, ionic liquids (IL) containing carboxyl and different alkyl chains were fabricated and used to dope polyaniline (PANI). The results revealed that IL@PANI composites could be facilely obtained via template-free polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant. The as-prepared IL@PANI composites were measured by FT-IR, XPS, and SEM. Electrochemical performances of IL@PANI nanocomposites were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The results indicate that the alkyl chains of ILs have an important influence on the morphology and capacitance performance of IL@PANI electrode materials. With the shorter alkyl group in ILs, IL@PANI materials presented higher specific capacitance. Especially, 1-vinyl-3-carboxymethyl-imidazolium chloride ([VCMIm]Cl)@PANI composite presented the highest specific capacitance. Cycling performance measurement demonstrated that 82% capacitance retention could be achieved after 1000 cycles in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous solution. Therefore, our strategy provides a new technique for PANI nanocomposites with tunable morphology and high performance.
Voigt-based swelling water model for super water absorbency of expanded perlite and sodium polyacrylate resin composite materials
Authors: Tian Yongshang , Tang Yitian , Li Shuiyun , Lv Huanhuan , Liu Peng , Jing Qiangshan
Published: June 2019

Polyacrylate resin composite materials with the mineral exhibit super water absorbency and good degradation ability. In this work, expanded perlite and sodium polyacrylate resin composite materials have been prepared with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA), tapioca starch, and expanded perlite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize the bonds absorption peaks and morphologies. The results suggest that the expanded perlite can graft on sodium polyacrylate resin, and the optimal distilled water and 0.9% NaCl absorbency are 1079 and 253 g/g when the expanded perlite content is 8 wt%, respectively. The swelling water model of the composite materials is firstly simulated to be Voigt-based model. In addition, the composite materials absorbency that is influenced by special characteristics of the expanded perlite has been shown.
Incorporation of Standard Contract Terms on Websites
Authors: Schulte-Nölke Hans
Published: June 2019

The draft of the American Law Institute’s Restatement of Consumer Contracts reflects the jurisdiction of the US courts on the ‘adoption’ (as the draft calls it) of standard contract terms into consumer contracts. This draft is of great value to European lawyers in understanding US developments, but it may also stimulate a reflection on the state and possible evolution of European legal systems. It turns out that in the United States, as in Europe, the law on the adoption of standard contract terms is still heavily influenced by cases from the pre-digital and paleo-digital era. This article explains the rules of the Restatement for the adoption of standard contract terms, tests their functionality, in particular using the example of websites, makes some drafting suggestions and puts forward a proposal for the further development of the law on the adoption of standard contract terms of websites. The adoption of standard contract terms governing the use of a website should not require that consumers receive a notice of the standard contract terms prior to entering that website. The requirements for the adoption of standard contract terms should be seen as mainly, if not only, having the purpose of pinpointing the wording of a contract for later reference if necessary.
Selected components of geological structures and numerical modelling of slope stability
Authors: Kaczmarek Łukasz D. , Popielski Paweł
Published: June 2019

This paper presents the impact of selected essential aspects of geological structure on the state of slope stability as assessed by changes in the safety factor (SF). The engineering geological slope features that were analysed include: (i) changes in soil cohesion and internal friction angle, (ii) presence of a weak soil layer and its span, (iii) structural discontinuity (i.e. fault), (iv) soil permeability properties and water conditions (i.e. groundwater level, long and heavy rainfall). A certain scheme of slope stability calculations has been proposed for a case involving complex geological conditions. The numerical modelling of a hypothetic slope was performed using the shear strength reduction method based on the finite element method.
Selenium supplementation during fermentation with sugar beet molasses and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to increase bioethanol production
Authors: Faramarzi Sara , Anzabi Younes , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda
Published: June 2019

A bench scale submerged fermentation process was used to bioethanol produce using sugar beet molasses andSaccharomyces cerevisiae, as substrate and microbial strain, respectively. Effects of selenium amount on growth ofS. cerevisiaeand bioethanol production were evaluated. The obtained results indicated that growth ofS. cerevisiae(manifested as turbidity intensity) in the samples containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 μg sodium selenite, during aerobic process, was 0.1707, 0.1678, 0.1679, 0.1664, 0.1627 and 0.160% a.u./h (after 14 h incubation), respectively. Statistical analysis based on compression test indicated that there were insignificant (p > 0.05) differences between growth rate of the yeast in the fermented samples containingS. cerevisiaeand 5 to 25 μg selenium salt. Response surface methodology was utilized to evaluate effects of two fermentation parameters namely, amount of selenium (5-25 μg) and substrate brix (10-25°Bx) on the concentration (g/L) of produced bioethanol. Obtained results revealed that maximum bioethanol concentration (55 g/L) was achieved using 15 μg selenium and molasses with 25°Bx. Furthermore, results have also indicated that, without using selenium and using molasses with 25°Bx, bioethanol with concentration of 29 g/L was produced.
Investigating the effectiveness of classical and eco-friendly approaches for synthesis of dialdehydes from organic dihalides
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Ahmed Mukhtiar , Hussain Sarwat , Larik Fayaz Ali , Saeed Aamer
Published: June 2019

Monoaldehydes and dialdehydes are parts of millions of compounds and are extremely versatile intermediates. For the synthesis of monoaldehydes, one impressive approach to date, because of its excellent selectivity, high yield and stability towards over-oxidation and over-reduction, is the oxidation of organic monohalides. Numerous monohalides oxidation based methodologies to afford monoaldehydes are disclosed in literature. In this research work, twelve well-known approaches (well-documented for synthesis of monoaldehydes from monohalides) are investigated for their effectiveness towards synthesis of organic dialdehydes from organic dihalides. The classical approaches under investigation include modified Sommelet oxidation, Kröhnke oxidation, sodium periodate-mediated oxidative protocol, manganese dioxide-based oxidative approach, Kornblum oxidation and Hass-Bender oxidation. The eco-friendly approaches under observation include periodic acid-based IL protocol, periodic acid in vanadium pentoxide-mediated IL method, hydrogen peroxide in vanadium pentoxide-based approach, hydrogen peroxide-mediated IL methodology, IBX-assisted IL protocol and bismuth nitrate-promoted IL technique. In this investigation yield, overoxidation, eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness and recyclability are the main parameters which are under examination. Hopefully, this research will help chemists in carrying out routine operations in organic synthesis and will also be fruitful to select finest synthetic approach, develop further new transformational methodologies and improve current transformational approaches for the synthesis of dialdehydes.
Pyrolysis of palm oil using zeolite catalyst and characterization of the boil-oil
Authors: Abdullah  , Apriyanti Meileni , Sunardi  , Santoso Uripto Trisno , Junaidi Ahmad Budi , Aditiya Dessy , Irawati Utami
Published: June 2019

Pyrolysis of palm oil is one of the most potential methods to obtain bio-oil. In this study, pyrolysis of palm oil was carried out by using zeolites as a catalyst. The use of HCl and NaOH as activating agents of the zeolites prior to its use in the pyrolysis process was investigated. The result showed that a 1 M concentration of either HCl or NaOH gave an optimum result when the zeolites were used to absorb methylene blue. When 1 M of HCl was used as the activating agent, a more uniform pore size of the zeolites was obtained, along with a more opened pore structure. A GC-MS analysis showed that by using zeolites which was activated using HCl or NaOH, the pyrolysis of palm oil yielded bio-oil with a high content of organic compounds.
Relationships between wood properties of small clear specimens and structural-sized boards in three softwood species
Authors: Krajnc Luka , Farrelly Niall , Harte Annette M.
Published: June 2019

Research on the mechanical and physical properties of wood is commonly carried out on either small clear specimens or structural-sized boards. The first approach was more frequently utilized in the past, while the latter is more commonly used nowadays. However, there is very little information on how the two approaches relate with one another. This study aimed to quantify the relationships between the mechanical [modulus of elasticity (MOE) and bending strength] and physical properties (density) of both specimen sizes. A total of 1376 structural-sized boards from three different species (Douglas-fir, Norway spruce and Sitka spruce) were tested in bending, after which a small clear specimen was extracted from the undamaged portion of each board and re-tested in bending. Prior to destructive testing, all boards and clear specimens were evaluated using non-destructive technology. Poor-to-moderate relationships were found between all measured mechanical and physical properties of structural-sized timber and small clear specimens. In both specimen sizes, the properties correlated with one another within the same specimen size, as well as across the two sizes. The strength of correlations appears to be somewhat species dependent. Relatively good relationships were identified when comparing the mean tree values of the properties examined, suggesting either method can be used for a tree-level comparison. The non-destructive evaluation of specimens was shown to reflect the measured properties moderately well, with the relationships changing significantly depending on which measured property was being predicted.
Schreiben einer Tradition
Authors: Banki Luisa
Published: June 2019

Around 1800, literary and gender discourses intersected in novel conceptualisations of friendship. Departing from a discussion of the possibility of female friendship, this paper offers a reading of Sophie von La Roche’s epistolary friendship with Julie Bondeli as it is presented in her late work Mein Schreibetisch (1799). This literary friendship, I argue, is offered as a model of female friendship that invites emulation. It thereby becomes an implicit – and only retrospectively reconstructable – beginning of a tradition of female literary friendship and authorship.
The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the mental health of students with an emotional breakdown
Authors: Noormohamadi Seyedeh Maryam , Arefi Mokhtar , Afshaini Karim , Kakabaraee Keivan
Published: June 2019

Background

Mental health is a significant part of one’s health and it is very important to pay attention to mental health.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the mental health of adolescents with an emotional breakdown (EB).

Methods

This was a semi-experimental study, in which the students with an EB were divided into two groups: the experimental and control groups. Twenty people were selected using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the ACT and control groups (each with 10 people). After obtaining consent to participate in the study, they were asked to fill the questionnaires as a pre-test. Then, the experimental group was treated for nine individual sessions (weekly one session). As this was a repeated measurement method, in sessions 3, 6 and 9, the questionnaires were completed again and the follow-up period was 1 month after the end of the interventions.

Results

Before the intervention, there was no difference between the score of the impact of love and rumination among the students in the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05); but after the intervention, the score of the impact of love and rumination in the experimental group decreased (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

It is suggested that ACT should be used at counseling centers of universities and educational institutions.
The effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy on anxiety and resilience in students
Authors: Noormohamadi Seyedeh Maryam , Arefi Mokhtar , Afshaini Karim , Kakabaraee Keivan
Published: June 2019

Background

Adolescence and youth are important periods in the growth and excellence of an individual.

Objectives

Given the importance of the study, its purpose was to determine the effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) on anxiety and resilience in students.

Methods

Students admitted to the counseling centers of Ilam University were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Using convenient sampling method, 30 subjects were selected and randomly assigned to either REBT tests or a control group (10 subjects in each). The 26 codes of ethics were observed in the study and the data were analyzed using SPSS17.

Results

Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 26.75 (4.43) and after the intervention it was 18 (4.403) (p < 0.05), but in the control group it was 31.34 (6.04) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 32.35 (5.17) (p > 0.05). Before the intervention, the anxiety score was 52.77 (13.37) and after the intervention it was 60.00 (14.31) (p < 0.05), but in the control group it was 47.00 (8.73) before the intervention and after the intervention it was 49.76 (9.10) (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

REBT was effective in students as it reduced anxiety and increased resilience. Thus, it is suggested for use in students’ care.
The new Basrah Museum: dedicated to the archaeological and historical inheritance of Basrah and Iraq
Authors: Ali Adil Hashim
Published: June 2019

Located in the Fertile Crescent and at the head of the Persian/Arabian Gulf, the city of Basra is steeped in history. Close to the heart of ancient Mesopotamia, the territory of modern Iraq was occupied variously by Achaemenids and Seleucids, Parthians, Romans and Sassanids, before the arrival of Islam in the early middle ages. In more recent history, the city's strategic position near the Gulf coast has made Basra a site of contestation and conflict. This exposure to so many different cultures and civilisations has contributed to the rich identity of Basra, a wealth of history that demands a cultural museum able to present all of the historical periods together in one place. The original Basra Museum was looted and destroyed in 1991, during the first Gulf War. The destruction and loss of so much of Iraq's history and material culture prompted official collaboration to build a new museum that would represent the city of Basrah and showcase its significance in the history of Iraq. The culmination of an eight-year collaborative project between the Iraq Ministry of Culture, the State Board of Antiquities and the Friends of Basrah Museum, the new museum was opened initially in September 2016. Already established as a cultural landmark in the city, with up to 200 visitors a day and rising, the museum was officially opened on 20 March 2019. The author was fortunate to be present for this event and able to explore the new galleries (Figure 1).
Mechanical Properties and Chemical Characterization of Mortars with Halloysite Nanoclay after Exposure to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Farzadnia Nima
Published: June 2019

In this study, the effects of halloysite nanoclay (HNC) on cement mortars after exposure to elevated temperatures were investigated. The compressive strength, microstructure, and chemical composition of mortars with 0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 3 % HNC were compared after exposure to temperatures of up to 1,000°C. Also, the materials analysis using diffraction program was used to analyze the X-ray powder diffraction data based on the Rietveld method. Test results revealed that the HNC samples maintained higher strength of up to 10 % at elevated temperatures when compared to plain mortars. An increase in the relative elastic modulus and a higher energy absorption rate were also observed when the HNC was added. It is safe to state that the HNC had an interlocking effect by which it obstructed the heat-induced microcracks. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis showed that the HNC lowered the calcium hydroxide amount and increased/accelerated the hydration of alite and belite in the matrix.
New Gear Fault Diagnosis Method Based on MODWPT and Neural Network for Feature Extraction and Classification
Authors: Afia Adel , Rahmoune Chemseddine , Benazzouz Djamel , Merainani Boualem , Fedala Semcheddine
Published: June 2019

Gear fault diagnosis using vibration signals has become the subject of intensive studies to detect any sudden failure. However, these signals exhibit nonlinear and nonstationary behaviors when the rotating machine operates under multiple working conditions. Furthermore, fault features extraction and classification of multiple gear states are always unsatisfactory and considered as a huge task. This is the main reason that motivates us to develop a new intelligent gear fault diagnosis method in order to automatically identify and classify several kinds of gear defects under different work conditions. So in this article, we propose a combination between the maximal overlap discrete wavelet packet transform (MODWPT), entropy indicator, and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network as a new automatic fault diagnosis approach. MODWPT decomposes the data signal into several components using a uniform frequency bandwidth. Each decomposed component is selected to extract feature vector using entropy indicator. Finally, MLP provides a powerful automatic tool for identifying and classifying the aforementioned extracted features. Experimental vibration signals of healthy gear; gear with general surface wear; gear with chipped tooth in length; gear with chipped tooth in width; gear with missing tooth; and gear with tooth root crack are recorded under fifteen different work conditions to test the effectiveness of the suggested technique. Experimental results affirm that our proposed approach can successfully detect, identify, and classify the gear fault pattern in all cases.
Direct Peroral Cholangioscopy in the Management of Difficult Biliary Stones: a New Tool to Confirm Common Bile Duct Clearance. Results of a Preliminary Study
Authors: Anderloni Andrea , Auriemma Francesco , Fugazza Alessandro , Troncone Edoardo , Maia Luis , Maselli Roberta , Carrara Silvia , D’Amico Ferdinando , Belletrutti Paul J , Repici Alessandro
Published: June 2019

Background & Aims: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with stone extraction is the standard treatment for choledocholithiasis. After stone retrieval, balloon-occluded cholangiography is generally performed to confirm bile duct clearance but can miss residual stones particularly in patients with residual small-sized stones, a large bile duct or pneumobilia. In addition, difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones requiring advanced endoscopic techniques for retrieval are a potential risk factor for choledocholithiasis recurrence.Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of a prospectively maintained procedures database. From July 2016 to December 2017, all patients with difficult CBD stones who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with papillary balloon dilation-assisted stone retrieval and subsequent direct per-oral cholangioscopy (DPOC) using standard gastroscopes to confirm CBD clearance were analyzed.Results: Thirty-six patients who underwent ERCP and DPOC were included. Technical success, defined as deep intubation of CBD with hepatic hilum visualization, was achieved in 31 of 36 patients (86%). During DPOC, residual CBD stones were visualized and removed in 7 of 31 patients (22.5%). After a mean of 241 ± 56 days of follow-up post-DPOC, no serious adverse events were reported, and there was no evidence orsuspicion of recurrent choledocholithiasis.Conclusions: Direct per-oral cholangioscopy immediately following difficult CBD stone removal was safe, feasible and accurate. In this setting, DPOC at the time of ERCP appears to be a very useful tool to achieve complete clearance of choledocholithiasis.
Una radiografía de la industria de la comunicación en Costa Rica. Encuesta a 100 empresas del sector (2016)
Authors: Carazo Barrantes Carolina , Halabí Paula
Published: June 2019

Este artículo presenta un análisis general del quehacer comunicativo en Costa Rica y pretende ser una forma de acercarse a un mejor entendimiento del futuro de esta área y la profesión. El estudio, una encuesta a 100 empresas del sector de la comunicación, da pistas sobre cómo está constituida esta industria en el país (tamaños de las empresas, alcance geográfico, cantidad y perfil de colaboradores, entre otros) y cuáles son sus aportes a la economía nacional (facturación, encadenamientos y trabajo pro-bono). Por tratarse de un estudio exploratorio, se espera que los hallazgos estimulen la discusión en la industria y en la comunidad académica y que esto resulte en la generación de futuras investigaciones de mayor profundidad.
Soledad y convivencia intergeneracional: resignificar el cuido en el ciclo vital
Authors: Salazar Villanea Mónica , Castro Gómez María José
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es sistematizar y analizar algunas experiencias internacionales de convivencia intergeneracional y sus incipientes reportes de impacto, reconociendo la escasa literatura científica disponible, la necesidad de mayor investigación con rigurosidad metodológica y visión longitudinal, así como la ausencia de una indagación del impacto desde la experiencia subjetiva. Se revisaron programas de cohabitación intergeneracional de España, Francia, Estados Unidos e Israel, aclarando en el estado de la cuestión, la escasez de reportes en otras regiones. Los resultados del análisis identifican, como variables constitutivas de estas experiencias, su estructura, frecuencia de contacto, normas de interacción, comunicación o convivencia, cercanía emocional, intercambio recíproco de apoyos, confianza, expectativa de que el apoyo estará disponible cuando se requiere y apertura emocional. Como conclusión, se propone la necesidad de trascender la visión de la convivencia intergeneracional como meta en el corto plazo, para fomentar la solidaridad intergeneracional como soporte social a largo plazo, así como desarrollar líneas de investigación en el tema.
“That’s a child, it’s not a diagnosis.” What can paediatricians learn from medical humanities?: a mixed methods study
Authors: Thomason Elinor , Jack Barbara A.
Published: June 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate UK paediatric specialist trainees' perceptions of a medical humanities teaching session on their communication and empathy skills. Methods: A medical humanities session was incorporated into a teaching programme for 19 doctors in their first three years of paediatric training. Using set questions, participants discussed themes of communication, empathy, ethical issues and language. A qualitative methodology was adopted for the evaluation. All doctors who undertook the session were invited to join in a digitally recorded focus group and nine participated. Thematic analysis of the transcript was undertaken by two researchers to identify and code key themes. Six months post-course all participants were invited to complete an online survey looking at the longer-term impact of the session and five responded. Results:Coding of the transcript identified two key themes that participants felt the session added to their usual teaching: i) communication and ii) reflection. Conclusion:Literature-based teaching for junior paediatric doctors was well received and valued by participants and adds to standard teaching. It provides a platform for consideration of the parental perspective and communication (in particular the use of language) as well as providing structured time for reflection on clinical experiences.
Poor Learning In Operation Theatres Causing Brain Drain
Authors: Sadiq Sara , Qureshi Muhammad Fazal Hussain , Lakhani Mahira , Shah Muzna , Ayub Muhammad Hassan
Published: June 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: In interior Sindh, most of the hospitals including teaching hospitals of Hyderabad, Larkana, Sukkur and Nawabshah lack specialists so the attitude of available specialists as supervisors is important for learning in operation theatre like need good mentorship, observation and hands-on skills. Limited research has been conducted in Pakistan while none of the study has been done considering specifically the hospitals of interior Sindh. Objective: To identify the perception of residents towards learning environment in surgical theatre of a medical school teaching hospital of interior Sindh. Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted at Peoples Medical College, Nawabshah, from May 2018 to October 2018. STEEM questionnaire of 40 statements was used and was validated after pilot study. The participants' responses were calculated using a five-point Likert scale. Randomized sampling technique was used. The reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire. Mann-Whitney and the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used as nonparametric methods for comparative statistics for assessing gender differences. We also conducted the factor analysis by using a varimax rotation. Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's tests were applied. Results :Of the 88 participants, 71.6% (n=63) were females and 28.4% (n=25) were males. Majority of participants 43% belong to gynaecology department. The reliability of the scale was 0.822, calculated using Cronbach alpha. The mean overall STEEM score was 108.81 whereas, mean score of males was 115.44 and females was 106.17 which shows there the difference between scores based on gender. Male perceived the educational environment more positive than females in each subscale. Conclusion : Under current circumstances and condition of interior Sindh postgraduate trainees are deprived from good mentorship, observation and hands on skills due to lack and non-serious attitude of consultants/supervisors. The current study concluded that overall learning environment of operating theatre was perceived to be inadequate for learning.
Religiosity and patterns of alcohol consumption among users of primary healthcare facilities in Brazil
Authors: Martinez Edson Zangiacomi , Silva Anderson Soares da , Giglio Flávia Masili , Terada Natalia Akemi Yamada , Zucoloto Miriane Lucindo
Published: June 2019

Abstract Background A number of studies have been reported on the role of religiosity in health beliefs and behaviors. Objective The objective of this cross-sectional study is to examine the association between religious involvement and patterns of alcohol consumption in a large representative sample of users of primary healthcare facilities in Ribeirão Preto, Southeast Brazil. Method Data were collected through personal interviews. Religiosity was measured using the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) and the alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between the participant characteristics, the AUDIT risk levels, and the drinking groups. Results The sample was composed of 841 women with a mean age of 39.5 years old and 214 men with a mean age of 45.1 years old. A significant relationship between patterns of alcohol consumption and the multiple dimensions of religiosity was detected, such as religious affiliation, religious practices, self-perception of the level of religiosity and the ORA, NORA and IR components of DUREL. Lower levels of drinking risk were detected among religious individuals and among those who practice their religions compared to individuals who have no religion and/or non-practicing individuals, respectively. Conclusion A lifestyle motivated by religious concerns is associated with alcohol use habits among the Brazilian users of the public healthcare facilities.
Caracterizações físicas e tecnológicas e perfil de textura de cookies de farinha de uva e linhaça
Authors: Poiani Mariana Ramiri , Montanuci Flávia Daiana
Published: June 2019

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver cookies com mix de farinhas (uva, linhaça dourada, amido de milho) e avaliar suas características físicas, tecnológicas e sensoriais. Para a elaboração dos cookies, foram utilizadas cinco formulações distintas, em diferentes temperaturas e tempos de assamento. Realizaram-se análises de pH (pré e pós-cocção), análise de cor, análises físicas (volume específico, densidade, peso da massa), análises tecnológicas (volume de intumescimento, índice de absorção de água e óleo) e análises sensoriais de aceitação e perfil de textura. O pH apresentou variação entre 5,38 e 6,44 (pré-cocção) e de 5,31 a 6,33 (pós-cocção). Quanto aos parâmetros de cor, a luminosidade variou entre 48,39 e 55,65, enquanto o croma a* foi de 3,38 a 6,44 e o croma b* de 13,21 a 19,46. Houve diferença significativa quando analisado o volume específico, a densidade e o peso da massa, mas não no volume de intumescimento. Os cookies não se caracterizaram como tendo alta absorção de água e de óleo. Pelo teste de aceitação, a formulação mais aceita pelos julgadores foi com 6,00% de farinha de uva, na temperatura de 140 °C. No Perfil de Textura, constatou-se que os cookies apresentaram valores médios e não ficaram duros, quebradiços, adesivos e gomosos. Com a Análise dos Componentes Principais, foi possível verificar a relação entre as análises físicas, tecnológicas e sensoriais com boa explicação da variabilidade e repetibilidade, por meio dos dois componentes principais.
Avaliação e estabilidade da cor em filés de burriquete (Pogonias cromis) utilizando um sistema de visão computacional
Authors: Huamán Rosmer , Rosa Giordan Fernandes da , Prentice Carlos
Published: June 2019

Resumo A cor da superfície da carne é a primeira sensação que o consumidor percebe e utiliza como uma ferramenta para aceitar ou rejeitar um alimento. A medição e a avaliação da cor da carne podem também ser feitas por um indicador químico (metamioglobina) ou pela avaliação física, utilizando espaços da cor (a* e R). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a cor e a estabilidade da cor em filés de burriquete (Pogonias cromis) utilizando parâmetros de a* e R, e porcentagem de metamioglobina. Avaliaram-se a cor e a estabilidade da cor em filés de burriquete armazenados a 5 ± 1 °C com 90% de umidade relativa, durante 57,6 h, utilizando um sistema de visão computacional. Os parâmetros de vermelho (valor a* e R) variaram de forma inversa com a concentração de metamioglobina. A cinética foi plotada utilizando o modelo cinético, sendo que as ordens de reação para o valor a*, R e metamioglobina foram de 2,0309; 1,2101 e 1,8324, respectivamente; a constante de reação foi de -0,000046 para o valor a*, de -0,0013 para R e de 0,0002 para a metamioglobina. O sistema de visão computacional se apresenta como uma interessante ferramenta para avaliar a cor e a estabilidade da cor na carne de pescado, mas também pode ser utilizado em outro tipo de produtos alimentícios.