bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies to Improve the Effectiveness of the Thin Film Coated Interconnects
Authors: Reddy Mareddy Jayanth , Almyren Isak , Svensson Jan-Erik , Froitzheim Jan
Published: May 2023

Ferritic stainless steels are used as interconnect materials in solid oxide cells (SOFC/SOEC). To enhance their performance and extend the lifespan of SOC’s, FSS interconnects are typically coated with protective coatings. MCO coatings deposited through physical vapor deposition have been extensively studied for this purpose. However, most studies have been conducted on in isothermal conditions which do not reflect the conditions experienced in stacks. Stacks are typically conditioned at high temperatures, usually 100-250°C above the operating temperatures, to ensure gas tightness. Thus, it is important to understand the influence of pre-oxidation on behaviour of the interconnect. The influence of pre-oxidation on Ce/Co-coated Crofer 22 APU and AISI 441 is studied at 850°C in air. The samples are characterised using scanning electron microscopy. The oxidation behaviour of Ce/Co-coated Crofer 22 APU improved significantly upon pre-oxidation whereas only minimal effect was observed for Ce/Co-coated AISI 441.
Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Cells for Energy Conversion, Electrolysis, and Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Tucker Mike C , Hu Boxun , Zhu Zhikuan , Welander Martha M , Shen Fengyu , Skafte Theis Løye , Lau Grace Y.
Published: May 2023

The LBNL metal-supported solid oxide cell architecture contains zirconia electrolyte and porous backbones co-sintered between porous stainless steel supports. Advantages of this design include low-cost structural materials, mechanical ruggedness, excellent tolerance to redox cycling, and extremely fast start-up capability. These features enable a wide variety of applications including electrolysis for intermittent renewables, distributed power generation, and synthesis of valuable chemicals. Highlights from efforts in these areas are presented.
Zirconia Overcoats and Ceria Nanoparticles Do Not Improve the 650oC Stability of LSCF-Infiltrated Solid Oxide Cell Electrodes More When Used Together
Authors: Zhang Yubo , Wen Yeting , Huang Kevin , Nicholas Jason
Published: May 2023

Previously, porous 1-5 nm thick atomic layer deposited (ALD) zirconia overcoats or pre-infiltrated gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) nanoparticles were shown to independently improve La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3-x (LSCF)-infiltrated Solid Oxide Cell (SOC) oxygen electrode stability (without deteriorating initial performance) by chemically gettering interfacial Sr from the LSCF interfaces. Unfortunately, the experiments here showed that the deposition of porous 1-5 nm thick ALD zirconia overcoats on GDC-pre-infiltrated LSCF-GDC electrodes did not lead to larger-than-previously-achieved improvements in the initial 650oC polarization resistance (RP
) or open-circuit 1000-hour 650oC RP
degradation rate. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) modeling indicated that in all cases the observed degradation was consistent with increased oxygen exchange resistance at the LSFC-GDC and LSCF-air interfaces caused by enhanced Sr segregation, while Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results showed that the observed degradation was not the result of infiltrate particle coarsening. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy also suggested that in zirconia overcoated GDC pre-infiltrated cells, Sr was mainly gettered by zirconia overcoats that may have been compromised by the pre-infiltrated GDC.
Advances in In Situ Boron and Phosphorous Doping of SiGeSn
Authors: Frauenrath M. , Concepción O. , Gauthier N. , Nolot E. , Buca D. , Hartmann J.-M.
Published: May 2023

Dopant concentrations higher than 1 × 1019 cm−3 are required to improve the performances of various GeSn based devices such as photodetectors, electrically pumped lasers and so on. In this study, the in situ Boron and Phosphorous doping of SiGeSn was investigated, building upon recent studies on in situ B or P doped GeSn. The surfaces of intrinsic and lowly doped pseudomorphic SiGeSn layers were rough. By contrast, a 〈110〉 cross hatch was recovered and surfaces as smooth as the Ge Strain-Relaxed Buffers underneath were obtained for the highest B2H6 or PH3 mass-flows. The surface Root Mean Square roughness and Zrange values were then as low as 0.36 nm and 2.86 nm for SiGeSn:B, and 0.47 nm and 4.60 nm for SiGeSn:P. In addition, Si contents as high as 25% were obtained, notably in SiGeSn:B layers. Dopants were almost fully electrically active in those SiGeSn:B and SiGeSn:P layers, with carrier concentrations as high as 2.0 × 1020 cm−3 and 2.7 × 1020 cm−3, respectively. For SiGeSn:P, the shortcoming of in situ doped GeSn:P was overcome, that is the formation of electrically inactive SnmPnV clusters for high PH3 mass-flows. Such electrically active carrier concentrations will be beneficial for (Si)GeSn based devices, but also for all Group-IV based devices with extremely low thermal budget constraints.
Influence of accelerated arterial aging in growth-restricted cohorts on adult-onset cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Sehgal Arvind , Allison Beth J. , Crispi Fàtima , Menahem Samuel
Published: May 2023

Epidemiologists have long documented a higher risk of adult-onset cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as stroke, hypertension, and coronary artery disease, as well as mortality from circulatory causes in low birth-weight cohorts (poor in utero substrate supply). Utero-placental insufficiency and in utero hypoxemic state-induced alterations in arterial structure and compliance are important initiating factors for adult-onset hypertension. The mechanistic links between fetal growth restriction and CVD include decreased arterial wall elastin-to-collagen ratio, endothelial dysfunction, and heightened renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Systemic arterial thickness on fetal ultrasound and vascular changes in placental histopathology in growth restricted cohorts indicate fetal/developmental origins of adult-onset circulatory diseases. Similar findings of impaired arterial compliance have been noticed across age groups (neonates through to adults). Such changes augment what occurs as “normal arterial aging,” resulting in accelerated arterial aging. Data from animal models suggest that hypoxemia-associated vascular adaptations enacted in utero are region specific, reflecting long-term vascular pathology. In this review, we explore the influence of birthweight and prematurity on blood pressure and arterial stiffness, demonstrating impaired arterial dynamics in growth-restricted cohorts across age groups, explain how early arterial aging influences adult-onset CVDs, describe pathophysiology data from experimental models and finally, discuss interventions which may influence aging by way of altering various cellular and molecular mechanisms of arterial aging. Age-appropriate interventions which have noted efficacy include prolonged breastfeeding and high polyunsaturated fatty acids dietary intake. Targeting the RAAS seems a promising approach. New data indicate activation of sirtuin 1 and maternal resveratrol may have beneficial effects.
Reproducing Kernel Method with Global Derivative
Authors: Attia Nourhane , Akgül Ali , Atangana Abdon
Published: May 2023

Ordinary differential equations describe several phenomena in different fields of engineering and physics. Our aim is to use the reproducing kernel Hilbert space method (RKHSM) to find a solution to some ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are described by using the global derivative. In this research, we used the RKHSM to construct new numerical solutions for nonlinear ODEs with global derivative. The used method systematically produces analytic and approximate solutions in the series’s form. We tested three applications for showing the performance of the RKHSM.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Assessment of Quality of Endodontic Treatment and Prevalence of Procedural Errors in Mandibular Molars
Authors: Nouroloyouni Ahmad , Salem Milani Amin , Etminan Ata , Noorolouny Sara , Tavakkol Elham , Mikaieli Xiavi Hesam , Ghoreishi Amin Nazila
Published: May 2023

Objectives. This study assessed the quality of endodontic treatment and the prevalence of procedural errors in permanent mandibular molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 328 CBCT scans (182 females and 146 males) of endodontically treated mandibular molars retrieved from the archives of two radiology centers in Ardabil city, Iran, in 2019. Mandibular molars were evaluated on sagittal, coronal, and axial sections regarding obturation length, obturation density (voids), missed canals, broken instruments, apical perforation, strip perforation, ledge formation, transportation, root fracture, root resorption, and periapical lesions by a senior dental student under the supervision of an oral and maxillofacial radiologist and an endodontist. Differences between the frequency of procedural errors and tooth type and gender were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results. The frequency of underfilling, missed canals, overfilling, voids, apical perforation, transportation, ledge formation, broken instruments, root fracture, strip perforation, root resorption, and periapical lesions was 34.8%, 17.4%, 16.8%, 14.3%, 7.3%, 6.1%, 4.3%, 3%, 1.2%, 0.6%, 5.5%, and 46%, respectively. The frequency of root fracture was significantly higher in females than in males

P
<
0.05

. The prevalence of underfilling was the highest in right second molars (47.2%), followed by right first molars, left second molars, and left first molars

P
<
0.005

. The frequency of transportation was maximum in right first molars (10%), followed by right second molars, left first molars, and left second molars

P
<
0.04

. Conclusion. Underfilling, missed canals, and overfilling were the most prevalent procedural errors in mandibular molars in our study population.
Distributed Robust Cooperative Hierarchical Control for Island Microgrids under Hijacking Attacks Based on Multiagent Systems
Authors: Mirzabeigi Abdollah , Kazemy Ali , Ramezani Mehdi , Azimi Seyed Mohammad
Published: May 2023

Today, eliminating the effects of cyber-attacks is essential for stability and synchronization in island microgrids. In this article, island microgrid has been investigated from the view of multiagent systems and graph theory. This study uses the cooperative distributed hierarchical controller in two primary and secondary layers to control the hijacking cyber-attack in the islanded microgrid. Hijacking attacks’ impact on the control of distributed generators (DGs) has been mathematically formulated, and a suitable controller has been designed. Then, global stability and simultaneous synchronization of the frequency and voltage of the microgrid in the presence of a hijacking attack have been investigated by introducing the new Lyapunov function and proving the appropriate theorems. A case study has been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink in a microgrid. Also the effects of false data injection (and its comparison with the hijacking attack) and the time delay in the communication channel of the controller have been discussed. The theory and simulation results confirm the performance of the designed controller in solving this cyber-attack and other disturbances compared to other controllers.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 11 Enables Tumor Cell Immune Escape by Promoting T Cell Exhaustion and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhai Baoqian , Wu Jiacheng , Li Tao
Published: May 2023

Fibroblast growth factor 11 (FGF11) accelerates tumor proliferation in a variety of cancer types. This study aimed to examine the link between FGF11 and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. FGF11 was searched in the Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ImmProt databases. The link between FGF11 and lung cancer clinical data was investigated using TCGA and Kaplan–Meier (KM)-plotter databases, and we developed a prediction model. Putative mechanisms of action were investigated using Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses. The GeneMANIA and STRING databases were used to search for genes that interact with FGF11, and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was used to discover connections between FGF11 and immune cells, as well as any correlations with immune-related genes. We found that FGF11 expression was higher in the lung adenocarcinoma tissue than in the paracancerous tissue, and patients with high FGF11 expression had a lower overall survival, progression-free survival, and disease specific survival rate than those with low FGF11 expression. The expression of FGF11 was inversely linked to six types of infiltrating immune cells in the TIMER database and was associated with EGFR, VEGFA, BRAF, and MET expressions. The FGF11 gene is negatively correlated with the expression of most immune cells, mainly with various functional T cells including Th1, Th1-like, Treg, and Resting Treg characterization genes. These results indicate that FGF11 has the potential to be a new lung adenocarcinoma biomarker. It increases tumor cell immune escape by boosting T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the poor prognosis of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. These results provide incentive to further research FGF11 as a possible biomarker and drug target for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Supplementary Table S3 from Cell-Autonomous Cxcl1 Sustains Tolerogenic Circuitries and Stromal Inflammation via Neutrophil-Derived TNF in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Bianchi Anna , De Castro Silva Iago , Deshpande Nilesh U. , Singh Samara , Mehra Siddharth , Garrido Vanessa T. , Guo Xinyu , Nivelo Luis A. , Kolonias Despina S. , Saigh Shannon J. , Wieder Eric , Rafie Christine I. , Dosch Austin R. , Zhou Zhiqun , Umland Oliver , Amirian Haleh , Ogobuiro Ifeanyichukwu C. , Zhang Jian , Ban Yuguang , Shiau Carina , Nagathihalli Nagaraj S. , Montgomery Elizabeth A. , Hwang William L. , Brambilla Roberta , Komanduri Krishna , Villarino Alejandro V. , Toska Eneda , Stanger Ben Z. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. , Merchant Nipun B. , Datta Jashodeep
Published: May 2023

Co-occupied and unique target genes shared between Creb and RNApol-II in chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments performed in murine Kras-Trp53 cooperative KPC pancreatic cancer cells
Supplementary Table S1 from Cell-Autonomous Cxcl1 Sustains Tolerogenic Circuitries and Stromal Inflammation via Neutrophil-Derived TNF in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Bianchi Anna , De Castro Silva Iago , Deshpande Nilesh U. , Singh Samara , Mehra Siddharth , Garrido Vanessa T. , Guo Xinyu , Nivelo Luis A. , Kolonias Despina S. , Saigh Shannon J. , Wieder Eric , Rafie Christine I. , Dosch Austin R. , Zhou Zhiqun , Umland Oliver , Amirian Haleh , Ogobuiro Ifeanyichukwu C. , Zhang Jian , Ban Yuguang , Shiau Carina , Nagathihalli Nagaraj S. , Montgomery Elizabeth A. , Hwang William L. , Brambilla Roberta , Komanduri Krishna , Villarino Alejandro V. , Toska Eneda , Stanger Ben Z. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. , Merchant Nipun B. , Datta Jashodeep
Published: May 2023

Differentially expressed pathways comparing transcriptomes in KRAS-TP53 co-altered (n=23) and KRAS-altered/TP53WT (n=5) derived from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia
Supplementary Materials from Cell-Autonomous Cxcl1 Sustains Tolerogenic Circuitries and Stromal Inflammation via Neutrophil-Derived TNF in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Bianchi Anna , De Castro Silva Iago , Deshpande Nilesh U. , Singh Samara , Mehra Siddharth , Garrido Vanessa T. , Guo Xinyu , Nivelo Luis A. , Kolonias Despina S. , Saigh Shannon J. , Wieder Eric , Rafie Christine I. , Dosch Austin R. , Zhou Zhiqun , Umland Oliver , Amirian Haleh , Ogobuiro Ifeanyichukwu C. , Zhang Jian , Ban Yuguang , Shiau Carina , Nagathihalli Nagaraj S. , Montgomery Elizabeth A. , Hwang William L. , Brambilla Roberta , Komanduri Krishna , Villarino Alejandro V. , Toska Eneda , Stanger Ben Z. , Gabrilovich Dmitry I. , Merchant Nipun B. , Datta Jashodeep
Published: May 2023

Supplementary Methods
Supplementary Figures with legends
Supplementary Tables S2, S4, S5-7
Development of real-time energy metering bypass and remote reporting system for registered consumers
Authors: Victor Francis , Jack Kufre Esenowo , Anunuso Justice Chikezie , Bello Kehinde , Olatomiwa Lanre , Oghenekaro Kenndey Omokere
Published: May 2023

Every economy is driven by energy supply, the quantity of energy produced, transmitted, and distributed needs to be paid for by consumers. This leads to a pay-as-you-go metering system. Paying for every energy unit used helps the energy company to improve its quality delivery. Most developing countries around the globe have not attended to their profit margin even with the introduction of the pay-as-you-go metering system. Given that some local energy users seem to bypass the metering system, thereby accessing energy without passing through the metering system, this usually hampers the productivity of the distribution companies and results in a huge revenue loss. To address this issue, this research presents a real-time energy bypass and remote reporting model to detect metering bypass from registered consumers. An inspectorate metering system was incorporated in the energy supply line to compare the amount of current-voltage supplied to consumers against the amount being utilized by the consumers to achieve the detection and reporting of the metering bypass incident by registered consumers. As a result, a signal is sent to the energy company through a remote server and the incident of the metering bypass would be displayed on a monitoring dashboard in case of disparity between the inspectorate and consumer metering system.
Transmission line fault analysis using actuating relays and Atmega 328P controller
Authors: Sudhakar Ambarapu , Nagasai Gaddi , Sagar Modala Prudhvi , Vamshi Maya , Nikhil Vasala , Rajanna Bodapati Venkata
Published: May 2023

Since transmission lines account for 80–86% of power system problems, protecting transmission lines is a critical concern. This research proposes a method to identify and categorize various short circuit defects on transmission lines. Various operational and fault circumstances on the transmission of high voltage lines, including L-L fault, single phase to earth fault, and double line fault, double line Three fault scenarios triple line fault, triple line to ground fault, and triple line are simulated using MATLAB software. These flaws damage the linked devices to the power grid. The main motto of this work is to analyze various kinds of faults and also to detect the type of the fault in transmission line. In order to simulate and evaluate the various faults, a 100 km transmission line model was created. A sim power system block library had a fault block, and the harmonic content of the various faults was studied using the FFT tool, the effect of faults was observed. Based on the analysis, a hardware model is designed to identify the faults in transmission line using actuating relays and Atmega 328P microcontroller and display the fault type and parameters like fault impedance, and distance at which fault occurred.
Sub-Character Tokenization for Chinese Pretrained Language
Models
Authors: Si Chenglei , Zhang Zhengyan , Chen Yingfa , Qi Fanchao , Wang Xiaozhi , Liu Zhiyuan , Wang Yasheng , Liu Qun , Sun Maosong
Published: May 2023

Tokenization is fundamental to pretrained language models (PLMs). Existing tokenization methods for Chinese PLMs typically treat each character as an indivisible token. However, they ignore the unique feature of the Chinese writing system where additional linguistic information exists below the character level, i.e., at the sub-character level. To utilize such information, we propose sub-character (SubChar for short) tokenization. Specifically, we first encode the input text by converting each Chinese character into a short sequence based on its glyph or pronunciation, and then construct the vocabulary based on the encoded text with sub-word segmentation. Experimental results show that SubChar tokenizers have two main advantages over existing tokenizers: 1) They can tokenize inputs into much shorter sequences, thus improving the computational efficiency. 2) Pronunciation-based SubChar tokenizers can encode Chinese homophones into the same transliteration sequences and produce the same tokenization output, hence being robust to homophone typos. At the same time, models trained with SubChar tokenizers perform competitively on downstream tasks. We release our code and models at https://github.com/thunlp/SubCharTokenization to facilitate future work.
Original elemets and typification of the names included in the Ononis tridentata complex (Fabaceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO
Published: May 2023

A nomenclatual revision of the Ononis tridentata L. complex in the Iberian Peninsula is presented and the typification of several names, viz. O. barrelieri Dufour, O. crassifolia Dufour ex Boissier, O. crassifolia var. intricata Willkomm, O. tridentata var. angustifolia Lange, O. tridentata var. canescens Lamarck ex Candolle, O. tridentata var. dentata Willkomm, O. tridentata var. edentula Willkomm, O. tridentata var. integrata Amo, O. tridentata f. intermedia Lange, O. tridentata var. intermedia f. erecta Willkomm, and O. tridentata var. latifolia Lange, is discussed. The names are lectotypified using specimen preserved at BORD, COI, G, and P herbaria. A “second-step” epitypification is proposed for the name O. tridentata according to Art. 9.17 of the ICN. The lectotype of O. crassifolia is designated from a specimen at P. The names O. barrelieri, O. crassifolia var. intricata, O. tridentata var. canescens, and O. tridentata f. intermedia, and O. tridentata var. intermedia f. erecta should be treated as synonyms of O. tridentata subsp. arbuscula, comb. & stat nov. due to the epitype designated by Förther in 1997 for O. tridentata, and not as synonyms of O. tridentata Linnaeus s.str. as they have traditionally been considered.
Tricholoma lishanense (Tricholomataceae, Agaricales), a new species from China revealed by morphology and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: YANG JIA-JIA , XU YU-YAN , LV JING-CHONG , FAN LI
Published: May 2023

Tricholoma lishanense is described and illustrated from northern China based on both morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from the ITS locus resolved the new species in section Lasciva of Tricholoma. Tricholoma lishanense can be diagnosed by its overall white basidiomata with a fragrant and pleasant odor, very narrow lamellae, different phylogenetic position and habitat under oaks.
Squat lobsters of the superfamily Chirostyloidea (Decapoda: Anomura) from seamounts on the Nishi-Shichito and Mariana ridges, North-West Pacific off Japan, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI , TSUCHIDA SHINJI , FUJIWARA YOSHIHIRO
Published: May 2023

A small collection of chirostyloid squat lobsters was studied, collected from seamounts on the Nishi-Shichito, West Mariana, and Central Mariana ridges, which have been collectively designated as marine protected areas (MPAs) of Japan. Specimens were collected using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Four species belonging to three families were identified, of which two are new to science: Uroptychus medius n. sp. (Chirostylidae), Eumunida smithii Henderson, 1885, E. treguieri de Saint Laurent & Poupin, 1996 (Eumunididae), and Sternostylus spiniger n. sp. (Sternostylidae). Identities of those species were assessed using an integrative approach based on morphological comparison and genetic analysis of two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S rRNA genes). The two species of Eumunida represent the first records from Japanese waters.
Four new subspecies of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) from Phu Quoc Island, southern Vietnam
Authors: TAMAMITSU SAITO , LIEN VU VAN
Published: May 2023

We describe and illustrate four new subspecies of Papilionoidea butterflies which were collected from Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang province, southern Vietnam between 2006 and 2017. These are papilionid Graphium antiphates matsui T. Saito & Vu subspec. nov.; Nymphalidae: Tanaecia julii duc T. Saito & Vu, subspec. nov.; Cynitia lepidea phuquoca T. Saito & Vu, subspec. nov.; and Bassarona teuta anh T. Saito & Vu, subspec. nov.
This is Clearly Fake! Mis- and Disinformation Beliefs and the (Accurate) Recognition of Pseudo-Information—Evidence From the United States and the Netherlands
Authors: Hameleers Michael
Published: May 2023

To understand how beliefs about mis- and disinformation affect citizens’ (correct) classification of pseudo-information, this paper relies on an experimental survey study in the United States and the Netherlands in which we (a) measured mis- and disinformation attitudes, (b) exposed participants to a real versus fake article on immigration and criminality, and (c) compared classifications of mis- and disinformation in response to the real and fake news article. The main findings indicate that the veracity of information did not play a clear role in the attribution of mis- and disinformation. People with stronger mis- and disinformation beliefs, and people with incongruent prior attitudes, were most likely to classify information as false irrespective of the level of untruthfulness. These findings imply that beliefs about misinformation play a key role in the classification of information as false, whereas these beliefs do not contribute to the accuracy of veracity judgments.
Isolated Fallopian Torsion: A Pediatric Case Series
Authors: Crosier Caitlin J. , Ricca Robert L.
Published: May 2023

Isolated fallopian tube torsion is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in adolescent females. It is known to be a surgical emergency as it may lead to ischemia of the fallopian tube which can result in necrosis, infertility or infection. Presenting symptoms and radiographic findings are vague making diagnosis difficult, often requiring direct visualization in the operating room to make the definitive diagnosis. There has been an increase in this diagnosis at our institution in the previous year prompting compilation of cases and a literature review.
Informing critical indigenous health education through critical reflection: A qualitative consensus study
Authors: Rame Ana , Kelly-Turner Kenna , Roze des Ordons Amanda , de Groot Janet , Keegan David , Crowshoe Lynden , Henderson Rita , Roach Pamela
Published: May 2023

Objective:

To examine experiences of anti-Indigenous racism in a Canadian medical school and inform the development of critical and action-oriented Indigenous health education necessary to pave the way for reconciliation within health systems.

Design:

A qualitative study conducted within a constructivist paradigm which involved (1) semi-structured interviews with students, faculty and staff at a Canadian medical school and (2) consensus-building/collaborative analytical sessions with an Indigenous advisory group and a non-Indigenous working group.

Setting:

Twenty-three semi-structured interviews were completed with students, staff and faculty working across a Canadian medical school.

Results:

Inductive coding generated 211 codes that were grouped into seven overarching thematic domains. By engaging in an iterative dialogue with the advisory and working groups, we deductively aligned the thematic analysis with faculty-level and institution-level Indigenous education strategies to ensure local relevance. Self-reflective statements were developed with the advisory group to guide areas for action and resulted in 18 statements with five-point Likert-type-style response options.

Conclusion:

The results of this study suggest that promoting self-reflexivity in health professional education can prompts educators to engage with Indigenous health curriculum and pedagogy; mentorship and role modelling; and accountability. Critically evaluating systemic injustices at an individual level enables educators to resist systemic oppression and create change in the spaces where they work.
Prevotella intermedia Aggravates Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Authors: Dong T. , Xu S. , Chen Z.-Y. , Liang Y.-J. , Meng X.-Q. , Niu C.-G. , Yuan K.-Y. , Li P.-L. , Duan S.-Z. , Huang Z.-W.
Published: May 2023

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been shown to be associated with microbiota. However, the association between SCH and oral microbiota has not yet been elucidated. The results of our previous clinical studies showed that Prevotella intermedia was abundant in the oral microbiota of SCH patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SCH and oral microbiota, verify the pathogenicity of P. intermedia in SCH, and preliminarily explore the possible mechanism. The SCH mouse model with oral application of P. intermedia was established, and the variance in the mouse oral microbiota and changes in thyroid function and metabolism were detected in mice. Student’s t test and analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Oral application of P. intermedia changed the composition of the oral microbiota of SCH mice, which enhanced the damage to the thyroid and decreased the expression of functional genes of the thyroid. Moreover, P. intermedia decreased oxygen consumption and aggravated glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in SCH mice. Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance decreased, and the triglyceride content of the liver and inflammatory infiltration in adipose tissue increased in SCH mice after P. intermedia stimulation. Mechanistically, P. intermedia increased the proportion of CD4+ T cells in cervical lymph nodes and thyroids in SCH mice. Th1 cells were suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCH involving P. intermedia. In conclusion, P. intermedia aggravated SCH manifestations, including thyroid dysfunction and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, by causing immune imbalance in mice. This study sheds new light on the pathogenesis of SCH from the perspective of oral microbiota.
“It Depends on What You Consider Recovery”: Perceptions of Client Cannabis Use Among Peer Recovery Coaches
Authors: Pasman Emily , Clift Jenny , Broman Michael , Madden Erin Fanning , Agius Elizabeth , Resko Stella M.
Published: May 2023

Peer recovery coaches (PRCs), direct service providers with lived experience in recovery, are a growing sector of the substance use workforce. As rates of cannabis use increase nationwide, including among treatment-seeking populations, many PRCs will work with clients who wish to use cannabis for medical or recreational purposes. This study explores how PRCs perceive the use of cannabis among clients in treatment or recovery services. Semi-structured phone interviews were completed with 28 PRCs in Michigan. Inductive thematic analysis was used to document PRCs’ perceptions of client cannabis use, including overall trends, potential benefits, and concerns. While participants indicated a desire to support clients’ autonomy, and many were able to identify potential benefits of cannabis use, they also expressed concerns about the quality of clients’ recovery and difficulties managing personal biases. Findings highlight key areas for training and technical assistance to assist PRCs in their work with clients who use cannabis.
Progress in understanding the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems
Authors: Medeiros AS , Milošević D
Published: May 2023

The ability to collect and synthesize long-term environmental monitoring data is essential for the effective management of freshwater ecosystems. Progress has been made in assessment and monitoring approaches that have integrated routine monitoring programs into more holistic watershed-scale vulnerability assessments. While the concept of vulnerability assessment is well-defined for ecosystems, complementary and sometimes competing concepts of adaptive management, ecological integrity, and ecological condition complicate the communication of results to a broader audience. Here, we identify progress in freshwater assessments that can contribute to the identification and communication of freshwater vulnerability. We review novel methods that address common challenges associated with: 1) a lack of baseline information, 2) variability associated with a spatial context, and 3) the taxonomic sufficiency of biological indicators used to make inferences about ecological conditions. Innovation in methods and communication are discussed as a means to highlight meaningful cost-effective results that target policy towards heuristic ecosystem-management.
Fieldwork Disrupted: How Researchers Adapt to Losing Access to Field Sites
Authors: Schoon Eric W.
Published: May 2023

This article explores how researchers adapt to disruptions that cost them access to their field sites, advancing a uniquely sociological perspective on the dynamics of flexibility and adaptation in qualitative methods. Through interviews with 31 ethnographers whose access was preempted or eliminated, I find that adaptation varied systematically based on when during the fieldwork process researchers' access was disrupted. The timing of the disruption shaped the relevance and implications of common conditions that affect fieldwork, such as funding availability, institutionalized time constraints, and sunk costs. Consequently, despite a lack of common conventions or training in how to adapt to losing access, adaptations took one of three general forms, which I refer to as turning home, pivoting, and following. I highlight specific challenges associated with each of these forms and offer insights for navigating them. Building from my findings, I make the case that the logistics of being flexible and adapting are part of a hidden curriculum in qualitative methods, and I discuss how interrogating the conditions that structure these aspects of fieldwork advances research and pedagogy in qualitative methodology.
“Are You Saying That We’re Racist?”: Comparing Normative, Political, and Technical Dimensions of Instructional and Disciplinary Policies
Authors: Daramola Eupha Jeanne , Allbright Taylor N. , Marsh Julie A.
Published: May 2023

Background:

In recent years, school districts have experienced a complex policy environment with myriad reforms aimed at addressing longstanding and historically entrenched disparities in opportunities and outcomes between racially minoritized students and White students. One such reform is standards-based accountability, with its emphasis on documenting and addressing racial disparities in testing outcomes. Recently, educators and lawmakers have sought to address persistent racial disproportionality in disciplinary actions. New behavioral policies may be seen as a response to national attention and outrage regarding the “school-to-prison pipeline,” which indicates that school discipline practices contribute to the over-representation of Black men in the criminal justice system. In recent years, local leaders have been tasked with implementing new disciplinary reforms alongside their ongoing efforts at instructional improvement.

Purpose:

As districts face an increasingly complex policy environment and constrained resources, researchers must understand how district leaders make sense of and manage the varied policies they are tasked with implementing. This study contributes to the knowledge base on K–12 policy implementation by examining how school district leaders manage multiple policies—particularly when some new practices engage beliefs around racial discrimination or structural racism. We contribute to the gap in the literature by asking: What differences emerged in the early implementation processes of an instructional policy and a discipline policy in the Elmwood school district, and what might explain those differences?

Research Design:

To answer this question, we employ a comparative, embedded case study design and examine extensive qualitative data from a single school district. Oakes’s (1992) framework of technical, normative, and political dimensions of policy change guided the analysis and was applied to rich interview data.

Conclusions:

Overall, our findings highlight significant differences in how Elmwood leadership implemented the two policies. Our study indicates that though both instructional and disciplinary reforms purport to address racial outcome gaps, district leaders may view discipline in a racialized way that they do not view instructional policy. The perceived racialized nature of discipline policy may significantly influence implementation practices. Ultimately, the data suggests that racialized normative beliefs and values, along with political and technical investments, greatly influence the implementation process and raise larger questions about the role of racism in education reform.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Special Education Technology
Authors: Marino Matthew T. , Vasquez Eleazar , Dieker Lisa , Basham James , Blackorby Jose
Published: May 2023

This manuscript presents a preliminary discussion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a disruptive technology with the potential to significantly change special education practices. The article begins with a brief description of the development of AI. The authors recognize our assertions are subjective and require further research. Several references are not peer-reviewed because educational research takes years to conduct, analyze, and disseminate outcomes. In this manuscript, we discuss current software used for writing with students in special education and discuss similarities and differences with AI software. This discussion is followed by questions and examples related to implementation, ethical and policy considerations, and preservice special education teacher preparation. The article concludes with future considerations for how AI will impact the special education technology field.
Unilateral chronic angle-closure glaucoma in a pediatric patient with neurofibromatosis: a case report
Authors: Jiang Mingming , Zhang Jing , Wan Xiaomei , Ding Yichao , Xie Feijia
Published: May 2023

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes multi-system damage. It is rarely associated with angle-closure glaucoma, especially in pediatric patients. We herein report a case of unilateral chronic angle-closure glaucoma in a patient with NF1. A 5-year-old girl with a large subcutaneous soft mass and multiple scattered coffee-milk spots presented with low vision, increased intraocular pressure, and angle closure in her right eye. Lisch nodules were seen in both eyes. In her right eye, ectropion uveae was observed at the top and bottom margins of the pupil. Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull and orbit revealed no abnormalities. Finally, trabeculectomy was performed on the right eye, after which the right eye showed a stable intraocular pressure. NF1 combined with angle-closure glaucoma is rare and easily missed in the clinical setting. Early diagnosis and treatment may achieve good results.
Defining occupational therapy practice for students in higher education: A census from practitioners
Authors: Eichler Jeanne Ross , Keptner Karen M
Published: May 2023

Increasing rates of anxiety and depression, higher numbers of students with diverse needs, and a decrease in life skill readiness at the point of transition to higher education settings has led institutions around the world to consider novel approaches to improving student retention and success. Occupational therapists, trained in physical, mental, and psychological impacts on function, can address barriers to student success in higher education environments/institutions, especially for students not responding to available campus programs and resources. However, there are no commonly defined roles, training qualifications, or practice guidelines that guide the work of occupational therapy (OT) practitioners in higher education settings. To create a standardized model of OT services on a higher education campus, a more detailed practice area description is needed. This mixed methods study describes a group ( N = 58) of globally practicing OT professionals on post-secondary campuses through a detailed census of practice. OT professionals articulated their roles and experiences on campus along with their beliefs about successful OT practice. The results of the census provide a path toward the design and implementation of OT services on higher education campuses at the individual, faculty/staff, and institutional levels. Further implications for practice and research are discussed.
Towards a post-foundational geography: Spaces of negativity, contingency, and antagonism
Authors: Landau-Donnelly Friederike , Pohl Lucas
Published: May 2023

The relation between politics, ontology, and space remains one of the most contested concerns in human geography, often leading to a dismissal of ontology in favor of the politicization of space. In contrast, this article mobilizes post-foundationalism to propose a political ontology of space. After reviewing geographers’ engagements with politics, post-politics and the political, the article demonstrates how a post-foundational geography radically uproots geographic understandings of political and socio-spatial realities. Grounded upon parameters of negativity, contingency, and antagonism, the article equips geographers to grapple with the crumbling foundations of an uncertain present, and unknown futures.
Climate action, staff engagement, and change management: A paediatric hospital case study
Authors: Webster Richard J.
Published: May 2023

Planetary health and triple bottom line accounting are concepts healthcare organizations are starting to grapple with. While a few Canadian hospitals are early pioneers in efforts to deliver healthcare with less greenhouse gases, many hospitals struggle with adding a climate lens to their operations. This case study highlights a five year journey at CHEO to roll-out a hospital-wide climate strategy. CHEO has created new reporting structures, revised resource allocation, and launched net-zero targets. This hospital net-zero case study is an illustration of climate actions, given certain contexts, rather than a roadmap. Establishing this hospital-wide strategic pillar—during a global pandemic—has yielded (i) cost savings, (ii) an inspired workforce, and (iii) meaningful greenhouse gas reductions.
Laying foundation for successful implementation of lean manufacturing through the elimination of non-value adding activities in conventional engineering products manufacturing companies
Authors: Ramesh Kumar Duraisamy , Devadasan Samuel Rajkumar , Elangovan Dharmalingam , Santhosh Ranganathan Velumani
Published: May 2023

During the past two decades, an enormous number of case studies reporting successful implementation of lean manufacturing in the literature arena have been reported, However, lean manufacturing seldom finds smooth implementation in conventional engineering products manufacturing companies. These conventional engineering products manufacturing companies are infected with non-value-adding activities which have been preventing the reaping of the authentic benefits of implementing lean manufacturing. In this context, a model named as Spotting and Eliminating Non-value adding activities In Manufacturing engineering organizations (SENIM) has been contributed to this article. The SENIM model has to be implemented through several cycles for spotting and eliminating non-value-adding activities in conventional engineering products manufacturing companies. In order to check the practicality of the SENIM model, the same was implemented in a conventional engineering products manufacturing company. While implementing a cycle of the SENIM model, 26 non-value-adding activities were spotted in this company. Out of them; two non-value-adding activities could be eliminated in this company. Thus the foundation for successfully implementing lean manufacturing in this conventional engineering products manufacturing company was laid.
Systemic vulnerability: Towards a theoretical framework for identifying institutional failures that violate rights
Authors: Kaulino Adriana , Matus Teresa
Published: May 2023

Since the return to democracy in Chile in 1990, public policies for institutionalized children have progressively adopted the theory of vulnerability, with disastrous results. To expose the violence implied in the vulnerability theory, the article proposes a framework composed of the concept of epistemological violence, the theory of recognition, and the feminist psychological theory of institutional trauma to analyze and interpret public policies for children. This theoretical approach allows us to unveil how the institutional use of vulnerability has become a standardized and naturalized mechanism of violence that (re)produces the trauma the public policies seek to interrupt. In this way, we make visible a chain of failures that provoke severe traumas that drastically reduce their capacity for agency and future opportunities, especially in institutionalized girls and adolescents. The theoretical proposal contributes to future research about social politics, systems, and programs of childhood protection based on rights. We conclude by identifying some limitations and theoretical challenges.
Improving Citation Analysis: Taking Account of Order of Authors and Number of Different Articles in Which a Scholar Is Cited
Authors: Cohn Ellen G. , Farrington David P.
Published: May 2023

Research using citation counts as a metric for measuring scholarly influence and prestige generally gives equal weighting to all authors of a scholarly work. However, as the order of authors frequently reflects the relative importance and involvement of authors, it may be more valid to consider this issue when examining citations. This article focuses on citations in Criminology and gives authors a score based on their order in the author list. Only the first five authors in each reference are counted, so the first author is given a score of 5, the second author a score of 4, and so on. In addition, citation analysis typically counts the total number of citations, rather than the number of different articles in which a scholar is cited. Arguably, the number of different articles is a more valid measure because it shows how many other authors are influenced by a scholar. A large number of citations in a small number of articles may reflect a relatively small amount of scholarly influence. This article shows the effect of counting the number of different articles in which a scholar is cited. We argue that citation analysis would be improved by taking account of the order of authors and the number of different articles.
Either with Us or Against Us: Business Power and Campaign Contributions in an Age of Hyper-Partisanship
Authors: Selling Niels
Published: May 2023

Political scientists have repeatedly failed to establish a relationship between the money companies funnel into political campaigns and how members of Congress vote. Notably, studies have mainly examined how campaign contributions affect the voting of their direct recipients. However, considering the partisan divide and intense power struggle between the two major American parties, this paper proposes that the influence of campaign contributions operates at the party level. That means a member of Congress is more likely to side with a firm whose donations favor her party, even if the firm has not given to the member’s own campaign. Correspondingly, legislators should be less likely to vote in line with the policy preferences of firms whose donations predominately go to the other party. A quantitative analysis of campaign contributions, corporate policy positions, and roll-call votes in Congress bears out these propositions. While the paper also uncovers a recipient effect, the party effect is more substantial.