bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy (GRID) for Bulky Soft Tissue Sarcomas in a Large Animal Model
Authors: Nolan Michael W. , Gieger Tracy L. , Karakashian Alexander A. , Nikolova-Karakashian Mariana N. , Posner Lysa P. , Roback Donald M. , Rivera Judith N. , Chang Sha
Published: February 2017

GRID directs alternating regions of high- and low-dose radiation at tumors. A large animal model mimicking the geometries of human treatments is needed to complement existing rodent systems (eg, microbeam) and clarify the physical and biological attributes of GRID. A pilot study was undertaken in pet dogs with spontaneous soft tissue sarcomas to characterize responses to GRID. Subjects were treated with either 20 Gy (3 dogs) or 25 Gy (3 dogs), delivered using 6 MV X-rays and a commercial GRID collimator. Acute toxicity and tumor responses were assessed 2, 4, and 6 weeks later. Acute Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade I skin toxicity was observed in 3 of the 6 dogs; none experienced a measurable response, per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor α, and secretory sphingomyelinase were assayed at baseline, 1, 4, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. There was a trend toward platelet-corrected serum vascular endothelial growth factor concentration being lower 1 and 48 hours after GRID than at baseline. There was a significant decrease in secretory sphingomyelinase activity 48 hours after 25 Gy GRID ( P = .03). Serum tumor necrosis factor α was quantified measurable at baseline in 4 of the 6 dogs and decreased in each of those subjects at all post-GRID time points. The new information generated by this study includes the observation that high-dose, single fraction application of GRID does not induce measurable reduction in volume of canine soft tissue sarcomas. In contrast to previously published data, these data suggest that GRID may be associated with at least short-term reduction in serum concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor and serum activity of secretory sphingomyelinase. Because GRID can be applied safely, and these tumors can be subsequently surgically resected as part of routine veterinary care, pet dogs with sarcomas are an appealing model for studying the radiobiologic responses to spatially fractionated radiotherapy.
Dosimetric Comparison of Real-Time MRI-Guided Tri-Cobalt-60 Versus Linear Accelerator-Based Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Lung Cancer Plans
Authors: Wojcieszynski Andrzej P. , Hill Patrick M. , Rosenberg Stephen A. , Hullett Craig R. , Labby Zacariah E. , Paliwal Bhudatt , Geurts Mark W. , Bayliss R. Adam , Bayouth John E. , Harari Paul M. , Bassetti Michael F. , Baschnagel Andrew M.
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

Magnetic resonance imaging–guided radiation therapy has entered clinical practice at several major treatment centers. Treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer with stereotactic body radiation therapy is one potential application of this modality, as some form of respiratory motion management is important to address. We hypothesize that magnetic resonance imaging–guided tri-cobalt-60 radiation therapy can be used to generate clinically acceptable stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment plans. Here, we report on a dosimetric comparison between magnetic resonance imaging–guided radiation therapy plans and internal target volume–based plans utilizing volumetric-modulated arc therapy.

Materials and Methods:

Ten patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer who underwent radiation therapy planning and treatment were studied. Following 4-dimensional computed tomography, patient images were used to generate clinically deliverable plans. For volumetric-modulated arc therapy plans, the planning tumor volume was defined as an internal target volume + 0.5 cm. For magnetic resonance imaging–guided plans, a single mid-inspiratory cycle was used to define a gross tumor volume, then expanded 0.3 cm to the planning tumor volume. Treatment plan parameters were compared.

Results:

Planning tumor volumes trended larger for volumetric-modulated arc therapy–based plans, with a mean planning tumor volume of 47.4 mL versus 24.8 mL for magnetic resonance imaging–guided plans ( P = .08). Clinically acceptable plans were achievable via both methods, with bilateral lung V20, 3.9% versus 4.8% ( P = .62). The volume of chest wall receiving greater than 30 Gy was also similar, 22.1 versus 19.8 mL ( P = .78), as were all other parameters commonly used for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy. The ratio of the 50% isodose volume to planning tumor volume was lower in volumetric-modulated arc therapy plans, 4.19 versus 10.0 ( P < .001). Heterogeneity index was comparable between plans, 1.25 versus 1.25 ( P = .98).

Conclusion:

Magnetic resonance imaging–guided tri-cobalt-60 radiation therapy is capable of delivering lung high-quality stereotactic body radiation therapy plans that are clinically acceptable as compared to volumetric-modulated arc therapy–based plans. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging provides the unique capacity to directly observe tumor motion during treatment for purposes of motion management.
A Comparative Evaluation of 3 Different Free-Form Deformable Image Registration and Contour Propagation Methods for Head and Neck MRI: The Case of Parotid Changes During Radiotherapy
Authors: Broggi Sara , Scalco Elisa , Belli Maria Luisa , Logghe Gerlinde , Verellen Dirk , Moriconi Stefano , Chiara Anna , Palmisano Anna , Mellone Renata , Fiorino Claudio , Rizzo Giovanna
Published: February 2017

Purpose:

To validate and compare the deformable image registration and parotid contour propagation process for head and neck magnetic resonance imaging in patients treated with radiotherapy using 3 different approaches—the commercial MIM, the open-source Elastix software, and an optimized version of it.

Materials and Methods:

Twelve patients with head and neck cancer previously treated with radiotherapy were considered. Deformable image registration and parotid contour propagation were evaluated by considering the magnetic resonance images acquired before and after the end of the treatment. Deformable image registration, based on free-form deformation method, and contour propagation available on MIM were compared to Elastix. Two different contour propagation approaches were implemented for Elastix software, a conventional one (DIR_Trx) and an optimized homemade version, based on mesh deformation (DIR_Mesh). The accuracy of these 3 approaches was estimated by comparing propagated to manual contours in terms of average symmetric distance, maximum symmetric distance, Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, and inclusiveness.

Results:

A good agreement was generally found between the manual contours and the propagated ones, without differences among the 3 methods; in few critical cases with complex deformations, DIR_Mesh proved to be more accurate, having the lowest values of average symmetric distance and maximum symmetric distance and the highest value of Dice similarity coefficient, although nonsignificant. The average propagation errors with respect to the reference contours are lower than the voxel diagonal (2 mm), and Dice similarity coefficient is around 0.8 for all 3 methods.

Conclusion:

The 3 free-form deformation approaches were not significantly different in terms of deformable image registration accuracy and can be safely adopted for the registration and parotid contour propagation during radiotherapy on magnetic resonance imaging. More optimized approaches (as DIR_Mesh) could be preferable for critical deformations.
Using Infographics in Television News
Authors: Pjesivac Ivanka , Geidner Nicholas , Miller Laura E.
Published: February 2017

This experimental study ( N = 113) examined the effects of the visual presentations of data in television news on young Americans’ recall of information about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) as well as the roles of individual characteristics in this process. The results show that individuals who saw either a tabular or graphical presentation of information about STDs better remembered that information than those who only heard the anchor describe the numbers. Our study further found that participants high in quantitative media literacy recalled significantly more information than participants low in quantitative media literacy, but this individual characteristic did not moderate the relationship between style of information presentation and recall. The results support the assumptions of Limited Capacity Model of mediated message processing. It also represents the first step in linking individual differences to the processing of information from infographics from television news.
High tibial osteotomy combined with cancellous bone graft and osteochondral autograft transplantation in a patient with massive osteochondral defects in the medial femoral condyle
Authors: Matsushita Takehiko , Watanabe Shu , Araki Daisuke , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Takayama Koji , Kurosaka Masahiro , Kuroda Ryosuke
Published: February 2017

Treatment of massive osteochondral defects of the medial femoral condyle is challenging. A 46-year-old man who had a medial femoral condyle fracture on his left knee underwent osteosynthesis in a hospital, but the pain remained and the patient was referred to our hospital 8 months after the surgery. Radiographs showed a varus alignment of the leg, and magnetic resonance image showed a massive necrotic area in the medial femoral condyle. The patient received high tibial osteotomy (HTO) combined with iliac cancellous bone graft and an osteochondral autograft transplantation. Pain and the knee function markedly improved 2 years after the surgery. A second look arthroscopy showed a well-covered bone graft site with cartilaginous tissue and a well-integrated osteochondral plug. HTO combined with cancellous bone autograft and osteochondral autograft transplantation could be an effective treatment for patients presenting with a varus knee deformity associated with massive osteochondral defects in the medial femoral condyle.
Eliglustat maintains long-term clinical stability in patients with Gaucher disease type 1 stabilized on enzyme therapy
Authors: Cox Timothy M. , Drelichman Guillermo , Cravo Renata , Balwani Manisha , Burrow Thomas Andrew , Martins Ana Maria , Lukina Elena , Rosenbloom Barry , Goker-Alpan Ozlem , Watman Nora , El-Beshlawy Amal , Kishnani Priya S. , Pedroso Maria Lucia , Gaemers Sebastiaan J. M. , Tayag Regina , Peterschmitt M. Judith
Published: February 2017

Key Points

Eliglustat treatment resulted in stable mean hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, and spleen and liver volumes for up to 4 years. Mean bone mineral density z scores also remained stable and were maintained in the healthy reference range for up to 4 years.
Reservoir properties prediction integrating controlled-source electromagnetic, prestack seismic, and well-log data using a rock-physics framework: Case study in the Hoop Area, Barents Sea, Norway
Authors: Alvarez Pedro , Alvarez Amanda , MacGregor Lucy , Bolivar Francisco , Keirstead Robert , Martin Thomas
Published: February 2017

We have developed an example from the Hoop Area of the Barents Sea showing a sequential quantitative integration approach to integrate seismic and controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) attributes using a rock-physics framework. The example illustrates a workflow to address the challenges of multiphysics and multiscale data integration for reservoir characterization purposes. A data set consisting of 2D GeoStreamer seismic and towed streamer electromagnetic data that were acquired concurrently in 2015 by PGS provide the surface geophysical measurements that we used. Two wells in the area — Wisting Central (7324/8-1) and Wisting Alternative (7324/7-1S) — provide calibration for the rock-physics modeling and the quantitative integrated analysis. In the first stage of the analysis, we invert prestack seismic and CSEM data separately for impedance and anisotropic resistivity, respectively. We then apply the multi-attribute rotation scheme (MARS) to estimate rock properties from seismic data. This analysis verified that the seismic data alone cannot distinguish between commercial and noncommercial hydrocarbon saturation. Therefore, in the final stage of the analysis, we invert the seismic and CSEM-derived properties within a rock-physics framework. The inclusion of the CSEM-derived resistivity information within the inversion approach allows for the separation of these two possible scenarios. Results reveal excellent correlation with known well outcomes. The integration of seismic, CSEM, and well data predicts very high hydrocarbon saturations at Wisting Central and no significant saturation at Wisting Alternative, consistent with the findings of each well. Two further wells were drilled in the area and used as blind tests in this case: The slightly lower saturation predicted at Hanssen (7324/7-2) is related to 3D effects in the CSEM data, but the positive outcome of the well is correctly predicted. At Bjaaland (7324/8-2), although the seismic indications are good, the integrated interpretation result predicts correctly that this well was unsuccessful.
Study on the distribution of extractable organic matter in pores of lacustrine shale: An example of Zhangjiatan Shale from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Yu Yuxi , Luo Xiaorong , Cheng Ming , Lei Yuhong , Wang Xiangzeng , Zhang Lixia , Jiang Chengfu , Zhang Likuan
Published: February 2017

Shale oil and gas have been discovered in the lacustrine Zhangjiatan Shale in the southern Ordos Basin, China. To study the distribution of extractable organic matter (EOM) in the Zhangjiatan Shale ([Formula: see text] ranges from 1.25% to 1.28%), geochemical characterization of core samples of different lithologies, scanning electron microscope observations, low-pressure [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] adsorption, and helium pycnometry were conducted. The content and saturation of the EOM in the pores were quantitatively characterized. The results show that the distribution of the EOM in the shale interval is heterogeneous. In general, the shale layers have a higher EOM content and saturation than siltstone layers. The total organic content and the original storage capacity control the EOM content in the shale layers. For the siltstone layers, the EOM content is mainly determined by the original storage capacity. On average, 75% of the EOM occurs in the mesopores, followed by 14% in the macropores, and 11% in the micropores. The EOM saturation in the pores decreases with the increase in pore diameter. The distribution of EOM in the shale pores is closely related to the pore type. Micropores and mesopores developed in the kerogens and pyrobitumens and the clay-mineral pores coated with organic matter are most favorable for EOM retention and charging.
Independent mechanisms recruit the cohesin loader protein NIPBL to sites of DNA damage
Authors: Bot Christopher , Pfeiffer Annika , Giordano Fosco , Manjeera Dharani E. , Dantuma Nico P. , Ström Lena
Published: February 2017

NIPBL is required to load the cohesin complex on to DNA. While the canonical role of cohesin is to couple replicated sister chromatids together until the onset of mitosis, it also promotes tolerance to DNA damage. Here, we show that NIPBL is recruited to DNA damage throughout the cell cycle via independent mechanisms, influenced by type of damage. First, the heterochromatin protein HP1γ (also known as CBX3) recruits NIPBL to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) through the corresponding HP1-binding motif within the N-terminus. By contrast, the C-terminal HEAT repeat domain is unable to recruit NIPBL to DSBs but independently targets NIPBL to laser microirradiation-induced DNA damage. Each mechanism is dependent on the RNF8 and RNF168 ubiquitylation pathway, while the recruitment of the HEAT repeat domain requires further ATM or ATR activity. Thus, NIPBL has evolved a sophisticated response to damaged DNA that is influenced by the form of damage, suggesting a highly dynamic role for NIPBL in maintaining genomic stability.
miR-450a-5p within rat adipose tissue exosome-like vesicles promotes adipogenic differentiation by targeting WISP2
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yu Mei , Dai Minjia , Chen Chang , Tang Qi , Jing Wei , Wang Hang , Tian Weidong
Published: February 2017

Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that can secrete a wide number of factors to regulate adipogenesis via paracrine signals. In addition to soluble proteins in adipose tissue, microRNAs (miRNAs) enriched in extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes or microvesicles, could modulate intercellular communications. In this study, we demonstrated that exosome-like vesicles derived from adipose tissue (Exo-AT) were internalized by adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and that these, in turn, induced adipogenesis. High-throughput sequencing showed that 45 miRNAs were enriched in Exo-AT, and 31.11% of them were associated with adipogenesis, compared with ADSC-derived exosome-like vesicles (Exo-ADSC). miR-450a-5p, one of the most abundant miRNAs in Exo-AT, was a proadipogenic miRNA. Further study demonstrated that miR-450a-5p promoted adipogenesis through repressing expression of WISP2 by targeting its 3′ untranslated region. Additionally, Exo-AT could also downregulate the expression of WISP2, while miR-450a-5p inhibitor reversed this effect. Moreover, inhibition of miR-450a-5p impaired adipogenesis mediated by exosome-like vesicles. In conclusion, Exo-AT mediates adipogenic differentiation through a mechanism involving transfer of miR-450a-5p.
Ypk1 and Ypk2 kinases maintain Rho1 at the plasma membrane by flippase-dependent lipid remodeling after membrane stresses
Authors: Hatakeyama Riko , Kono Keiko , Yoshida Satoshi
Published: February 2017

The plasma membrane (PM) is frequently challenged by mechanical stresses. In budding yeast, TORC2-Ypk1/Ypk2 kinase cascade plays a crucial role in PM stress responses by reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton via Rho1 GTPase. However, the molecular mechanism by which TORC2-Ypk1/Ypk2 regulates Rho1 is not well defined. Here, we found that Ypk1/Ypk2 maintain PM localization of Rho1 under PM stress via spatial reorganization of the lipids including phosphatidylserine. Genetic evidence suggests that this process is mediated by the Lem3-containing lipid flippase. We propose that lipid remodeling mediated by the TORC2-Ypk1/Ypk2-Lem3 axis is a backup mechanism for PM anchoring of Rho1 after PM stress-induced acute degradation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], which is responsible for Rho1 localization under normal conditions. Since all the signaling molecules studied here are conserved in higher eukaryotes, our findings might represent a general mechanism to cope with PM stress.
Learning, gustatory responsiveness and tyramine differences across nurse and forager honeybees
Authors: Scheiner Ricarda , Reim Tina , Søvik Eirik , Entler Brian V. , Barron Andrew B. , Thamm Markus
Published: February 2017

Honeybees are well known for their complex division of labor. Each bee sequentially performs a series of social tasks during its life. The changes in social task performance are linked to gross differences in behavior and physiology. We here tested whether honeybees performing different social tasks (nursing vs. foraging) would differ in their gustatory responsiveness and associative learning behavior in addition to their daily tasks in the colony. Further, we investigated the role of the biogenic amine tyramine and its receptors in the behavior of nurse bees and foragers. Tyramine is an important insect neurotransmitter, which has long been neglected in behavioral studies since it was believed to only act as the metabolic precursor of the better-known amine octopamine. With the increasing number of characterized tyramine receptors in diverse insects, we need to understand the functions of tyramine on its own account.

Our findings suggest an important role for tyramine and its two receptors in regulating honeybee gustatory responsiveness, social organization and learning behavior. Foragers, which were more responsive to gustatory stimuli than nurse bees and performed better in appetitive learning, also differed from nurse bees in their tyramine brain titers and in the mRNA expression of a tyramine receptor in the brain. Pharmacological activation of tyramine receptors increased gustatory responsiveness of nurse bees and foragers and improved appetitive learning in nurse bees. These data suggest that a large part of behavioral differences between honeybees may be directly linked to tyramine signaling in the brain.
Caspase-3 and GFAP as early markers for apoptosis and astrogliosis in shRNA-induced hippocampal cytotoxicity
Authors: Günther Anne , Luczak Vince , Abel Ted , Baumann Arnd
Published: February 2017

Genetic manipulation of cells and tissue by RNA interference has significantly contributed to the functional characterization of individual proteins and their role in physiological processes. Despite its versatility, RNA interference can have detrimental side effects, including reduced cell viability. We applied recombinant adeno-associated viruses by stereotaxic injection into the murine hippocampus to express different short hairpin RNA (shRNA) constructs along with eGFP. Tissue responses were assessed immunohistochemically for up to 8 weeks post infection. Strong hippocampal degeneration and tissue atrophy was observed, most likely induced by high shRNA expression. The effect was entirely absent in mice injected with vectors driving only expression of eGFP. Active caspase‑3 (Casp-3) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were identified as molecular markers and early indicators of adverse tissue responses. Our findings also demonstrate that detrimental effects of high shRNA expression in hippocampal tissue can be monitored even before the onset of tissue degeneration.
El papel de las estrategias y los conocimientos previos al leer en Internet: revisión y discusión de la literatura relevante al tema
Authors: Morales Mario , Flores Macías Rosa del Carmen , Meza Cano José Manuel
Published: February 2017

Internet representa una herramienta con un potencial educativo sin precedentes, pero para que sea aprovechada es necesario comprender la relación entre las características de sus textos y los recursos del lector al aprender. La investigación ha identificado que los lectores en Internet necesitan dos tipos de conocimientos: los relacionados con el tema sobre el que están leyendo y los relacionados al uso de Internet; se ha analizado cómo éstos se distinguen y entran en juego. Igualmente se plantea que el lector emplea dos tipos de estrategias: las usadas en el texto impreso que se adaptan al texto de Internet y las que son específicas al texto de Internet. Un aspecto que continúa siendo controversial es la relación entre estrategias y conocimientos previos. El objetivo del presente escrito es hacer un análisis de estas investigaciones, considerando sus referentes empíricos y metodológicos en la literatura, el conocimiento que han aportado y las controversias que se han suscitado.
Anorexia basada en actividad: efectos de la fuerza en la rueda sobre la actividad y el peso corporal en ratas
Authors: Flores Carlos , Mateos Morfín Laura Rebeca , Andrade Muñoz Laura Sophia , Gemma Castañeda Isela
Published: February 2017

El modelo animal de anorexia basada en actividad (ABA) ha permitido avanzar en la identificación y el conocimiento de algunas variables que modulan el consumo de alimento, el peso corporal y la actividad de los organismos. El presente estudio se diseñó con el propósito de explorar los efectos de la fuerza en la rueda de actividad sobre el peso corporal y la actividad en ratas en una preparación de anorexia basada en actividad. Se conformaron dos grupos de ratas que se distinguieron por la fuerza requerida para hacer girar la rueda (0,12 N vs. 0,96 N). Los sujetos se mantuvieron en las cámaras experimentales durante 23,5 horas diarias con 60 minutos de acceso libre al alimento, durante el resto de la sesión se les permitió el acceso a la rueda de actividad. Los sujetos se mantuvieron en estas condiciones hasta que el peso corporal llegara al 75%. Se encontró que las ratas del grupo con una fuerza de 0,12 N presentaron un mayor nivel de actividad que los sujetos del grupo con una fuerza de 0,96 N; no se observaron diferencias en el decremento del peso corporal entre ambos grupos. Los hallazgos son consistentes con los reportes sobre anorexia basada en actividad y amplían la contribución que tiene el esfuerzo implicado sobre la actividad y el peso corporal
Modelos animales de degeneración cognitiva y uso de transplantes neurales de células madre como terapia
Authors: Oliveira Alcyr Alves de , Bertuzzi Leticia , Santos da Silva Patricia , Fluck Pereira Neto Élida , Nicolaidis Rafael
Published: February 2017

Existen pocos modelos animales de degeneración cognitiva que podrían ser considerados tan importantes como el modelo de lesión colinérgica de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. La enfermedad de Alzheimer es una patología neurodegenerativa asociada con el envejecimiento y con degeneración cognitiva acentuada y progresiva. Sus complejas y múltiples vías neurales secuenciales pueden conducir a la comprensión de que las intervenciones de agente único pueden ser insuficiente para impactar el curso de esta enfermedad. El tratamiento farmacológico actual es paliativo y, aunque pueda retardar el progreso de la enfermedad, no es capaz de ofrecer una cura. La combinación de drogas y sustancias antioxidantes han sido investigadas, sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que demuestran resultados consistentes basados en esta presunción. Así, el objetivo de este artículo fue destacar las terapias basadas en la reposición celular como potencial tratamiento para enfermedades del sistema nervioso periférico y central.
Sharing Aggregate Inventory Information with Customers: Strategic Cross-Selling and Shortage Reduction
Authors: Cui Ruomeng , Shin Hyoduk
Published: February 2017

This paper studies the strategy of sharing inventory information for a firm that sells two vertically differentiated products. The seller has private information on the aggregate inventory level and the inventory composition of two product variants. The seller credibly and discretionarily discloses inventory information to customers either fully or partially, i.e., disclosing the exact inventory of each product variant, the aggregate inventory level, or no information to customers. Customers form expectations of future availability and make rational purchasing decisions accordingly. In the disclosure literature, discretion usually leads to an unraveling result: sellers who learn favorable market information opt to disclose it, making full disclosure the equilibrium. This paper shows that aggregate inventory disclosure, i.e., partial disclosure, can be instead sustained as an ex post equilibrium. We demonstrate that inventory information aggregation arises when there is an ex post desire to reduce supply–demand mismatches in all inventory scenarios. Specifically, when customers’ preferred products are more likely to stock out, the seller could entice more incoming consumers who hope that their desired products are in stock by withholding product composition but disclosing the aggregate inventory level. If customers’ desired products are sold out, the seller can benefit from upselling or cross-selling customers’ less preferred products. Alternatively, when the seller stocks more desired products, aggregate disclosure can dampen the flow of incoming customers and reduce the shortage penalty cost. This result is robust under various settings: risk-averse customers, heterogeneous customers, and horizontally differentiated products.

This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Convergence Rate Analysis for the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers with a Substitution Procedure for Separable Convex Programming
Authors: He Bingsheng , Tao Min , Yuan Xiaoming
Published: February 2017

Recently, in He et al. [He BS, Tao M, Yuan XM (2012) Alternating direction method with Gaussian back substitution for separable convex programming. SIAM J. Optim. 22(2):313–340], we have showed the first possibility of combining the Douglas-Rachford alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with a Gaussian back substitution procedure for solving a convex minimization model with a general separable structure. This paper is a further study on this theme. We first derive a general algorithmic framework to combine ADMM with either a forward or backward substitution procedure. Then, we show that convergence of this framework can be easily proved from the contraction perspective, and its local linear convergence rate is provable if certain error bound condition is assumed. Without such an error bound assumption, we can estimate its worst-case convergence rate measured by the iteration complexity.
Does regulation affect nurses' interpretation of professional identity?
Authors: Braithwaite Christine
Published: February 2017

The latest literature review published by the Professional Standards Authority explored how regulation affects health professionals' behaviour and sense of identity. It concluded that a strong professional identity can increase how individuals value their role, which brings benefits, not only to professionals, but also to patients. Christine Braithwaite discusses the key points of the review in more detail
Tailoring nirvana: Appropriating yoga, resignification and instructional challenges
Authors: Antony Mary Grace
Published: February 2017

As an appropriated cultural artefact, yoga provides the opportunity to examine how resignification alters instructional goals and outcomes. This project critically examines instructional challenges experienced by non-Indian yoga teachers, with an emphasis on how resolving these issues impacts pedagogical relationships. Findings demonstrate that student preferences require instructors to resignify yoga instruction within three areas: replacing Sanskrit nomenclature with more relatable terminology; highlighting the physiological (rather than religio-spiritual) benefits; and varying asana routines to discourage boredom. Together, these themes overlap and reinforce one another to ideologically rearticulate yoga as fitness and physical therapy, and thus discursively shift the focus of yoga practice from text/artefact (yoga) to consumer (student).
Cola millenii Leaf Ethyl Acetate Extract: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy; Modulatory Effect on Serum Indices and Redox Biomarkers
Authors: Itoandon E. E. , Nwachukwu V. A. , Erukainure O. L. , Lasore O. O. , Nwagala P. N.
Published: February 2017

The ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of Cola millenii were investigated for it secondary metabolites as well as its effect on serum indices and antioxidant status in normal male albino rats. Fresh leaves of C. millenii were air dried, extracted with ethyl acetate and concentrated. The extract was analysed for its secondary metabolites using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Three concentrates consisting of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the extract were prepared. Groups of five rats were intraperitoneally injected with each of the doses, whilst a fourth group was not injected and served as the normal control. After 7 days, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood serum was analysed for hepatic and renal biomarkers as well as cholesterol level. Hepatic tissue was analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). FITR spectroscopy revealed the presence of aliphatic, carboxylic acids, esters and alkenes functional groups. Administration of the extract doses led to the increased serum activities of hepatic and renal biomarkers. About 50 mg/kg bw of the extract had the least cholesterol level compared to the other doses. MDA level was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in rats administered with 50 mg/kg bw of the extract. Except for the lowest dose, little or no significant effect was observed on SOD and CAT activities. These results indicate the medicinal potential of ethyl acetate extract of C. millenii leaves as portrayed by the low cholesterol and MDA levels and increased CAT activity with 50 mg/kg bw being the most active concentration.
Reconsidering the rigour-relevance gap: the need for contextualised research in risk societies
Authors: Galavan Robert J. , Harrington Denis , Kelliher Felicity
Published: February 2017

This paper addresses the debate on rigour and relevance in management research to identify barriers to progress and identify the challenges and opportunities in moving forward. We identify strong calls from both North American and European literatures for a move to close this gap. It has, however, been 20 years since Hambrick asked scholars ‘What if the academy actually mattered?’ during his Presidential address to the Academy of Management. Despite both the time and the consistency of calls, there has been only modest progress in closing this rigour-relevance gap. We argue that this is not because of any lack of willingness or capacity but is shaped by systemic issues. We find the narrative of the business school framed as either professional or social sciences a core issue. Each brings with them a tradition of different ontological perspectives and epistemological processes, protected by gatekeepers, which supports, even if unintentionally, the maintenance of the gap. We go on to discuss the challenge of management education and research in a postmodern context, the need to examine our conception of rigour, and to challenge the definition of management as a profession given its strategic win-lose orientation. We conclude with a discussion on the relationship between society and business and lay out the challenges ahead for richly contextualised scholarly work that may be defined as both rigorous and relevant.
Language planning for Malay in Malaysia: A case of failure or success?
Authors: Coluzzi Paolo
Published: February 2017

This article looks at the language planning that has been carried out since Independence in Malaysia for the promotion of Malay, the national language. After a sociolinguistic outline of the country, the different phases language planning is normally divided into are examined in detail, highlighting both the points that have proven to be successful and those that have not. In the second part of the article the problems that have been encountered during language planning and the reasons why Malay has not succeeded in becoming a full-blown national language which even the non-Malays can identify with are examined. Together with the problems, some possible solutions are put forward that may improve the given situation and make Malay a useful and prestigious language also for the non-Malays, who make up more than one third of the total population, and perhaps even internationally.
Malaysian Mandarin variation with regard to Mandarin globalization trend: Issues on language standardization
Authors: Khoo Kiak Uei
Published: February 2017

Malaysian Mandarin is a unique variation of Mandarin that exhibits certain degrees of variation as opposed to Putonghua, the standardized Mandarin spoken in Mainland China. Following the spread of Putonghua under the Mandarin globalization trend, the issue of language standardization has become a central concern among the Chinese Malaysian community. This article examines the central principles of language standardization and thus gives suggestions to the proper and workable strategies needed for managing the Malaysian Mandarin variations. By these principles, in addition to an analysis of issues within Malaysian Mandarin standardization, this article proposes, through illustration of lexical standardization, a flexible and dynamic approach to setting strategies for standardization of Malaysian Mandarin with regard to the Mandarin globalization trend.
The Need to Optimize Adolescent Immunization
Authors: Bernstein Henry H. , Bocchini Joseph A. ,   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Byington Carrie L. , Maldonado Yvonne A. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Campbell James D. , Davies H. Dele , Lynfield Ruth , Munoz Flor M. , Nolt Dawn , Nyquist Ann-Christine , O’Leary Sean , Rathore Mobeen H. , Sawyer Mark H. , Steinbach William J. , Tan Tina Q. , Zaoutis Theoklis E.
Published: February 2017

This Clinical Report was retired January 2024.

The adolescent period heralds the pediatric patient’s transition into adulthood. It is a time of dynamic development during which effective preventive care measures can promote safe behaviors and the development of lifelong health habits. One of the foundations of preventive adolescent health care is timely vaccination, and every visit can be viewed as an opportunity to update and complete an adolescent’s immunizations.

In the past decade, the adolescent immunization schedule has expanded to include 2 doses of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine, 1 dose of tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis, absorbed vaccine, 2 or 3 doses of human papillomavirus vaccine, depending on the child’s age, and an annual influenza vaccine. In addition, during adolescent visits, health care providers can determine whether catch-up vaccination is needed to meet early childhood recommendations for hepatitis B; hepatitis A; measles, mumps, rubella; poliovirus; and varicella vaccines. New serogroup B meningococcal vaccines are now available for those at increased risk for meningococcal disease; in addition, these serogroup B meningococcal vaccines received a Category B recommendation for healthy adolescents, where individual counseling and risk–benefit evaluation based on health care provider judgements and patient preferences are indicated. This clinical report focuses on the epidemiology of adolescent vaccine-preventable diseases by reviewing the rationale for the annual universally recommended adolescent immunization schedule of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. In addition, the barriers that negatively influence adherence to this current adolescent immunization schedule will be highlighted.
Calidad nutricional de Tithonia diversifolia Hemsl. A Gray bajo tres sistemas de siembra en el trópico alto.
Authors: Gallego-Castro Luis Alberto , Mahecha-Ledesma Liliana , Angulo-Arizala Joaquín
Published: February 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la composición bromatológica y el contenido de taninos del forraje de botón de oro (Tithonia diversifolia) obtenido bajo tres sistemas de siembra. El trabajo se desarrolló en la nca Santa Martha, en el municipio de Guarne (Antioquia-Colombia), ubicada a 2453 msnm, entre octubre de 2013 y julio de 2014. A los 56 días del corte de uniformización, se analizaron los contenidos de materia seca (12,74%, 12,90%, 12,45%), proteína cruda (14,1%, 12,76%, 13,31%), cenizas (16,19%, 15,50%, 16,00), calcio (2,86%, 3,05%, 2,93%), fósforo (0,27%, 0,25%, 0,27%), bra detergente neutro (53,81%, 50,21%, 52,80%), bra detergente ácido (48,18%, 48,87%, 48,47%), carbohidratos totales no estructurales (8,50%, 8,35%, 7,82%), taninos totales (0,08%, 0,11%, 0,08%) y fenoles totales (0,20%, 0,29%, 0,24%), para plantas completas cosechadas en parcelas establecidas a partir de estacas, semilla sexual manejada in vitro y semilla sexual en almácigos, respectivamente; solo se encontraron diferencias para fenoles totales (p≤0,05). El método de establecimiento no incidió sobre el contenido de nutrientes bajo las condiciones en que se realizó este estudio, y al contenido de metabolitos secundarios no ser alto, se espera que no in uyan sobre la palatabilidad, el consumo ni la digestibilidad de la materia seca.
PENGARUH PERAMBANAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) OLEH IKAN KOAN (Ctenopharyngodon idella) TERHADAP KESUBURAN (N, P) DAN KELIMPAHAN FITOPLANKTON DI DANAU LIMBOTO
Authors: Krismono Krismono , M. F. Rahardjo M. F. Rahardjo , Harris Enang , Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi
Published: February 2017

Pengendalian gulma air eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dengan ikan koan (Ctenopharyngodon idella) akan meningkatkan kesuburan perairan sebagai akibat sekresi dari ikan koan yang dikeluarkan di air. Penelitian mengenai pengaruh perambanan eceng gondok oleh ikan koan terhadap kesuburan perairan, N, P, dan kelimpahan fitoplankton di Danau Limboto perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perambanan ikan koan terhadap kesuburan perairan (N, P) dan kelimpahan fitoplankton di Danau Limboto. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan menggunakan perlakuan pakan eceng gondok pada ikan koan. Rancanganpercobaan dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga ulangan dan satu kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa laju perambanan ikan koan dengan kepadatan 100, 200, dan 400 ekor dengan biomassa eceng gondok 10 kg mempengaruhi peningkatan produktivitas perairan atau kesuburan (N dan P) dan kelimpahan fitoplankton. Kepadatan ikan koan 200 ekor adalah kepadatan yang paling efektif untuk pengendalian eceng gondok dibanding kepadatan 100 dan 400 ekor. To control of waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) using grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was fertilized in waters because of excresi of grass carp. The research is to knowed effect of grazing of grass carp to waterhyasinth to productivity and abundance of phytoplankton in Limboto Lake. Reseach Metodology is used experiment with rendom completed desaign with three treatmen with three replycation and one kontrol. The result each showed treatmen of stocking density 100, 200, 400 fish each cage, and fitoplankton abundance, stocking density 200 fish is cage increasing productivity, fitoplnkton abundance of lake. The treatmen stocking density 200 each cage Increased productivity of lake most effective to control waterhyacinth than stocking density 100 and 400 fish/cage.
BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI TUNA MATA BESAR (Thunnus obesus) YANG TERTANGKAP DI SAMUDERA HINDIA
Authors: Faizah Ria , Prisantoso Budi Iskandar
Published: February 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai aspek reproduksi ikan tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus) di perairan Samudera Hindia. Sebanyak 42 contoh gonad dari ikan tuna mata besar yang tertangkap perairan Samudera Hindia antara bulan Maret sampai Oktober 2008 digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengamatan meliputi struktur morfologi gonad ikan, perkembangan gonad, diameter telur, dan fekunditas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ikantuna mata besar yang tertangkap memiliki tingkat kematangan gonad I, II, dan IV. Nilai gonado somatic index rata-rata tuna mata besar semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya tingkat kematangan gonad. Musim pemijahan untuk tuna mata besar diduga terjadi pada bulan Oktober. Tuna mata besarmemiliki fekunditas antara 8.163.715-10.365.317 butir dan memiliki pola pemijahan berganda. The objective of this research is to study the reproductive biology of big eye tuna (Thunnus obesus) from Indian Ocean. A numbers of 42 gonad samples were taken from fresh individuals captured in the Indian Ocean during period of March until October 2008. The observation comprised of morphological structure of gonad, gonad development, oocytes diameter, and batch fecundity. The results showed that the gonad maturity stages of big eye tuna were ranged from immature (the gonad maturity stage of I and II) to mature (the gonad maturity stage of IV), and the gonado somatic index value increase along with increase of gonad maturity. Spawning season for big eye tuna estimated was in October, range of fecundity were 8.163.715-10.365.317 oocytes, and the spawning type waspartial spawned.
PENGARUH SUBSTRAT DAN KEDALAMAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SPONS (Callyspongia sp.) DI PERAIRAN JEPARA
Authors: Setyadji Bram , Panggabean Sisco
Published: February 2017

Potensi spons sebagai bioindikator (biomonitoring dan biomarker), bioremidiasi maupun untuk kebutuhan farmasi dan komersial telah banyak diidentifikasi melalui penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi dasar mengenai pengaruh faktor lingkungan (substrat dan kedalaman perairan) terhadap pertumbuhan spons Callyspongia sp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan panjang spons Callyspongia sp. lebih tinggi pada kedalaman 2 m dibandingkan 1 m pada substrat ban dan jaring. Hubungan antara spons dengan substrat tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang berarti,sedangkan kedalaman diduga merupakan faktor yang lebih berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan spons jenis ini. The use of sponge as bioindicator (biomonitoring and biomarker), bioremidiation and pharmaceutical purposes have been widely reported in many studies. However little is known about knowledge of their biological and ecological aspect. The aim of this study was to presents basic information about the influence of substrate and depth on growth of Callyspongia sp. The results showed that the average of length growth of Callyspongia sp. in the water depth 2 m more higher than1 m in both net and tire subtrates here were no differences of growth between net and tire as a substrate, while depth was likely put more influence on the growth of this sponge.
STRATEGI REPRODUKSI IKAN TERBANG (EXOCOETIDAE) DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN FAKTOR OSEANOGRAFI DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA
Authors: Syahailatua Augy , Ali Syamsu Alam , Makatipu Petrus
Published: February 2017

Ikan terbang (Excoetidae) memiliki strategi reproduksi yang diduga terkait dengan kondisi lingkungan perairan laut, seperti suhu, salinitas, angin, curah hujan, dan radiasi matahari. Penelitian dilakukan untuk 3 jenis ikan terbang (Hirundichthys oxycephalus, Cheilopogon cyanopterus, dan C. Spilopterus) selama tahun 2004 sampai dengan 2007 di perairan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ikan terbang (Excoetidae) memiliki peluang untuk memijah sepanjang tahun, dengan puncak pemijahan agak berbeda antar jenis maupun lokasi. Ada indikasi bahwa kecenderungan strategi pencapaian puncak pemijahan ikan terbang (Excoetidae) sangat dipengaruhi kondisi oseanografi, terutama suhu dan salinitas. Peristiwa upwelling yang secara periodik berlangsung selama musim timur (bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus) di Laut Flores dan selatan Jawa diperkirakan sebagai faktor pemicu proses pemijahan ikan terbang (Excoetidae), sedangkan pola arus north equatorial di Laut Sulawesi sebagai faktor oseanografi yang mempengaruhi siklus reproduksi ikan terbang (Excoetidae). Pembuktian yang otentik lewat penelitian yang lebih komprehensif sangat diperlukan untuk mengungkapkan hal ini. Informasi ini akan sangat berguna untuk menyusun konsep kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan ikan terbang (Excoetidae) di Indonesia.  Reproductive strategy of flyingfish (Exocoetidae) relate to like temperature, salinity, wind, rainfall, and solar radiation. Three species of flyingfish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus, Cheilopogon cyanopterus, and C. Spilopterus) had been observed from 2004 to 2007. The results show that those fishes spawn throughout a year, with the spawning peak differed slightly among species and locations. However, seemingly the spawning peaks associated to the oceanographic conditions, especially temperature and salinity. Reproductive strategic of flyingfish would be generated by decreased temperature. In Flores sea and south of Java, upwelling occurs during the southeast monsoon (June until August), and this event creates low temperature. Whereas in Sulawesi Sea, the decrease of sea surface temperature occurs due to the north equatorial current. A valid evidence from comprehensive study is required to proof the phenomena. This information is valuable to develop a management plan for flyingfish fishery in Indonesia.