bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Governance and Business-Society Relations in Areas of Limited Statehood: An Introduction
Authors: Azizi Sameer , Börzel Tanja , Hansen Hans Krause
Published: January 2021

In this introductory article we explore the relationship between statehood and governance, examining in more detail how non-state actors like MNCs, international NGOs, and indigenous authorities, often under conditions of extreme economic scarcity, ethnic diversity, social inequality and violence, take part in the making of rules and the provision of collective goods. Conceptually, we focus on the literature on Areas of Limited Statehood and discuss its usefulness in exploring how business-society relations are governed in the global South, and beyond. Building on insights from this literature, among others, the four articles included in this special issue provide rich illustrations and critical reflections on the multiple, complex and often ambiguous roles of state and non-state actors operating in contemporary Syria, Nigeria, India and Palestine, with implications for conventional understandings of CSR, stakeholders, and related conceptualizations.
The Factors Impacting Parental Choice in Picking Non-public Schools for Their Children
Authors: Ved Avni S. , M.P.M Pramod Kumar
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study was to investigate the school related factors influencing parental choice of private schools in the city of Bangalore. The study intended to analyze factors affecting parents’ choice of private schools in Bangalore, to discuss the extent to which various factors influence parents’ choice of private schools. The study used descriptive survey design. The target population of this study consisted of all parents of students studying in private primary schools in the city of Bangalore. A total sample of 180 parents was drawn purposively from Bangalore. The tool used for collecting the data was a self-constructed questionnaire which included 32 statements were prepared on the basis of a 5-point Likert scale. The study identified seven distinct factors affecting the parents’ decision of choosing a private school. Among these the factor that was seen to have most significant influence on parent’s decision to choose a private was school environment. The second most important factor that parent’s considered was the School quality. Third, parents considered curricular activities offered by school. Next, parents considered Quality of instruction while choosing a school. However, student welfare, parental involvement and proximity to the area of residence were considered less important by parents when choosing a school.
Be smart, play dumb? A transactional perspective on day-specific knowledge hiding, interpersonal conflict, and psychological strain
Authors: Venz Laura , Nesher Shoshan Hadar
Published: January 2021

Research on knowledge hiding, the intentional attempt to withhold knowledge that others have requested, strikingly shows its detrimental consequences. But, if it has only negative effects, why do employees hide knowledge in their everyday work at all? With this diary study, we address this question, shedding light on the instrumentality of knowledge hiding. Specifically, placing it within the transactional stress model, we argue that deceptive knowledge hiding (playing dumb and evasive hiding) may function as coping, relating negatively to psychological strain responses to experienced interpersonal conflict. Accordingly, we tested evasive hiding and playing dumb as mediators of the day-specific relationship between conflict and end-of-work exhaustion and negative affect. Based on data of 101 employees who reported on 615 workdays, results of multilevel path analyses showed relationship conflict positively related to evasive hiding and playing dumb. Playing dumb was negatively related to end-of-work psychological strain responses, resulting in inconsistent mediation. Evasive hiding was unrelated to psychological strain. Showing the potential intrapersonal benefits of playing dumb, this article helps to better understand the occurrence of enacted ‘negative’ interpersonal work behaviors, yielding important implications for research and practice.
Two-stage segment linearization as part of the thermocouple measurement chain
Authors: Živanović Dragan , Simić Milan
Published: January 2021

An implementation of a two-stage piece-wise linearization method for reduction of the thermocouple approximation error is presented in the paper. First, the whole thermocouple measurement chain of a transducer is described, and possible error is analysed to define the required level of accuracy for linearization of the transfer characteristics. Evaluation of linearization functions and analysis of approximation errors are performed by the virtual instrumentation software package LabVIEW. The method is appropriate for thermocouples and other sensors where nonlinearity varies a lot over the range of input values. The basic principle of this method is to first transform the abscissa of the transfer function by a linear segment look-up table in such a way that significantly nonlinear parts of the input range are expanded before a standard piece-wise linearization. In this way, applying equal-segment linearization two times has a similar effect to non-equal-segment linearization. For a given examples of the thermocouple transfer functions, the suggested method provides significantly better reduction of the approximation error, than the standard segment linearization, with equal memory consumption for look-up tables. The simple software implementation of this two-stage linearization method allows it to be applied in low calculation power microcontroller measurement transducers, as a replacement of the standard piece-wise linear approximation method.
Improved YOLOv3 with duplex FPN for object detection based on deep learning
Authors: Shin Seokyong , Han Hyunho , Lee Sang Hun
Published: January 2021

YOLOv3 is a deep learning-based real-time object detector and is mainly used in applications such as video surveillance and autonomous vehicles. In this paper, we proposed an improved YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once version 3) applied Duplex FPN, which enhanced large object detection by utilizing low-level feature information. The conventional YOLOv3 improved the small object detection performance by applying FPN (Feature Pyramid Networks) structure to YOLOv2. However, YOLOv3 with an FPN structure specialized in detecting small objects, so it is difficult to detect large objects. Therefore, this paper proposed an improved YOLOv3 applied Duplex FPN, which can utilize low-level location information in high-level feature maps instead of the existing FPN structure of YOLOv3. This improved the detection accuracy of large objects. Also, an extra detection layer was added to the top-level feature map to prevent failure of detection of parts of large objects. Further, dimension clusters of each detection layer were reassigned to learn quickly how to accurately detect objects. The proposed method was compared and analyzed in the PASCAL VOC dataset. The experimental results showed that the bounding box accuracy of large objects improved owing to the Duplex FPN and extra detection layer, and the proposed method succeeded in detecting large objects that the existing YOLOv3 did not.
Health Care Utilization by Older Adults in Nepal: An Investigation of Correlates and Equity in Utilization
Authors: Ghimire Saruna , Singh Devendra Raj , McLaughlin Sara J. , Maharjan Renusha , Nath Dhirendra
Published: January 2021

This study aims to evaluate factors associated with health care utilization (HCU) and to assess vertical and horizontal equity in utilization among Nepali older adults. Data are from an existing cross-sectional study involving systematic random sampling of 260 older adults in Far-Western (Sudurpaschim) Province of Nepal. Andersen’s theoretical framework was used to assess predisposing, enabling, and need factors that have the potential to influence health care utilization. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine potential correlates of HCU. Horizontal and vertical equity were assessed using concentration curve and index. More than one-third of participants had not visited a health facility in the prior 12 months. Nine in 10 participants did not know about the government’s free health service for older adults. Joint/extended family type, Ayurvedic/Homeopathic health care preference, higher-income tertile, and presence of chronic conditions were associated with higher odds of health care utilization in adjusted analyses. The concentration curve for HCU lies below the line of equity, and the subsequent index is positive, indicating that HCU was concentrated among richer individuals. If the government of Nepal is to achieve its goal of universal health care, the existing pro-rich inequity in HCU needs to be addressed.
COVID-19 and Precarious Employment: Consequences of the Evolving Crisis
Authors: Matilla-Santander Nuria , Ahonen Emily , Albin Maria , Baron Sherry , Bolíbar Mireia , Bosmans Kim , Burström Bo , Cuervo Isabel , Davis Letitia , Gunn Virginia , Håkansta Carin , Hemmingsson Tomas , Hogstedt Christer , Jonsson Johanna , Julià Mireia , Kjellberg Katarina , Kreshpaj Bertina , Lewchuk Wayne , Muntaner Carles , O’Campo Patricia , Orellana Cecilia , Östergren Per-Olof , Padrosa Eva , Ruiz Marisol E. , Vanroelen Christophe , Vignola Emilia , Vives Alejandra , Wegman David H. , Bodin Theo ,   All Members of the PWR Study Consortium
Published: January 2021

The world of work is facing an ongoing pandemic and an economic downturn with severe effects worldwide. Workers trapped in precarious employment (PE), both formal and informal, are among those most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we call attention to at least 5 critical ways that the consequences of the crisis among workers in PE will be felt globally: ( a) PE will increase, ( b) workers in PE will become more precarious, ( c) workers in PE will face unemployment without being officially laid off, ( d) workers in PE will be exposed to serious stressors and dramatic life changes that may lead to a rise in diseases of despair, and ( e) PE might be a factor in deterring the control of or in generating new COVID-19 outbreaks. We conclude that what we really need is a new social contract, where the work of all workers is recognized and protected with adequate job contracts, employment security, and social protection in a new economy, both during and after the COVID-19 crisis.
The COVID-19 Outbreak in North Africa: A Legal Analysis
Authors: Tamburini Francesco
Published: January 2021

North African nations, especially Egypt, Algeria, and Morocco, have been heavily affected by COVID-19 if compared to other African countries. Governments in North Africa took proactive legal measures to manage the virus threat, safeguarding population health, but also triggering repressive and invasive mechanisms that in some cases jeopardized basic freedoms and rights. This work will analyze comparatively the anti-COVID-19 legislations, pointing out how the legislative measures mirrored the level of transition of democracy, the opacity of some regimes, exploitation of the pandemic to foster repressive control, and highlighting the weakness of new democratic institutions unprepared to balance health security and democracy.
Synthesis of boron carbide reinforced aluminum castings through mechanical stir casting
Authors: Novich Kaelee A , Pedersen Samuel V , Borrelli RA , Christensen R , Jaques Brian J
Published: January 2021

Nuclear energy is the leading clean energy source in the United States with 99 nuclear power plants generating approximately 20% of the country’s electricity. While the growth of the industry helps to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, there is also an increase in nuclear waste. The demand for on-site dry cask spent nuclear fuel storage has increased due to complications with the Yucca Mountain Project and diminishing pool capacity. A novel dry cask consisting of an aluminum metal matrix for effective thermal conductivity with boron carbide as a neutron absorbing additive was investigated using gravity sand casting techniques. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and optical microscopy were used to characterize the resultant microstructure, including boron carbide incorporation and heterogeneity. Results indicate vortex and nonvortex mixing in air with boron carbide (1–10 µm diameter) produces large amounts of porosity and insufficient wetting. Use of a larger particle size distribution of boron carbide (20–60 µm diameter) during high speed vortex mixing prior to casting has shown significant dispersion of up to 12 wt% sufficient for neutron shielding with appropriate wall thickness. These results validate the use of gravity sand casting as a means to produce borated aluminum for an effective alternative to fuel storage.
Effect of weave architecture and glass microspheres percentage on the low velocity impact response of hemp/green epoxy composites
Authors: Umair Muhammad , Hussain Muzzamal , Abbas Zaheer , Shaker Khubab , Nawab Yasir
Published: January 2021

Improvement in mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymeric composites remain a key focus of researchers in the recent years. However, few studies have been carried out for the improvement in low velocity impact properties of such composites. In the present article, the results on the effect of weave structure of reinforcing fabric and addition of glass microsphere fillers (GMS) on the drop weight impact properties of Hemp/Green epoxy composite samples are reported for the first time. Hemp woven fabrics having four different weave structures (matt, satin, hybrid weave A and hybrid weave B) were developed in an inhouse lab. Four layered composites containing glass microspheres (0%, 2%, 3.5% and 5% on the weight of resin) were fabricated using vacuum bag molding. Drop weight impact testing was performed at 10 J impact energy, and force-displacement, force-time and energy absorbed-time behaviors were recorded and analyzed. The results were statistically analyzed as well. It was found that both weave design and glass microspheres show a significant effect on impact properties of the developed composites. The composite sample reinforced with satin woven reinforcement exhibited maximum value of impact force, whereas composite samples containing 5% glass microspheres display more resilience and stiffness as compared to other structures.
Effect of nanostructured Cu on microstructure, microhardness and wear behavior of Cu-xGnP composites developed using mechanical alloying
Authors: Kumar Lailesh , Singh Harshpreet , Sahoo Santosh Kumar , Alam Syed Nasimul
Published: January 2021

In the present study, Cu-1, 2 and 3 wt.% xGnP composites have been developed by powder metallurgy (PM) route using nanostructured Cu powder and their effect on microstructure, microhardness, sliding wear behaviour has been examined. The crystallite size and lattice strain of Cu after 25 h of mechanical milling have been found to be 16 nm and 0.576%, respectively. Major challenges associated with the development of Cu-xGnP composites is the uniform dispersion of the nanoplatelets in the Cu matrix, which have been dealt out by incorporating the nanostructured Cu- xGnP composites after mechanical alloying leading to the homogenous distribution of nanoplatelets in the Cu-matrix. A significant enhancement in relative density, microhardness and wear resistance of the Cu-3 wt. % xGnP nanofiller composite in particular has been observed due to the uniform distribution of the nanofillers. In Cu-3 wt. % xGnP composite developed using as-milled nanostructured Cu, a microhardness of ∼ 1.1 GPa could be achieved which is about ∼3 times higher than that of the pure sintered Cu sample (∼359 MPa). Nanostructured Cu also leads to enhancement of the hardness and wear property as compared to the as-received Cu. The wear mechanism in the various nanostructured Cu-xGnP composites has been studied in details.
Mindfulness, Stress Reactivity, and Depressive Symptoms Among “Third Culture Kids” in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Thomas Justin , Humeidan Majeda , Barrack Carmen , Huffman Kelly L.
Published: January 2021

So called third culture kids (TCKs), the children and adolescents who accompany their parents on long-term overseas work assignments, often have to face life changes, cultural challenges and threats to social identity. The frequency, intensity and nature of these challenges arguably places some TCKs at heightened risk of stress-related mental health problems. Trait mindfulness, an attribute that can be enhanced through intervention, has been found to buffer against stress reactivity and common mental health problems. This study aims to explore the relationship between stress reactivity, trait mindfulness and depressive symptomatology among expatriate adolescents (TCKs) attending an international school in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Participants included 230 high school students (57% female) from 45 different nations, with a mean age of 15.5 (±1.3, 12–19). Forty one percent had lived in the UAE for 7+ years. Participants completed measures of trait mindfulness, daily life stress reactivity, and depressive symptoms (CES-D). Mean depression score was high with 68.7% of TCK participants presenting as at risk of clinical depression. Lower stress-reactivity and greater trait mindfulness were associated with lower levels of depression; furthermore, low levels of trait mindfulness partially mediated the relationship between stress reactivity and depression. Efforts that aim to reduce stress reactivity and increase mindfulness might prove especially beneficial among the TCK population.
Old frames and new lenses: Frames of reference revisited
Authors: Barry Michael , Wilkinson Adrian
Published: January 2021

The ‘frames of reference’ concept has been a significant and enduring feature of industrial/employment relations since being developed by Alan Fox; and yet there has been only limited scholarly research seeking to develop the frames. We introduce this special issue by reviewing the extant literature on frames which provides a backdrop to the five article contributions that explore the frames in both new and historical light. The special issues ask the following questions: Do the traditional frames continue to provide insights into the perceptions and behaviour of employers and employees? If not, how might existing frames be broadened by new (or indeed historical) developments and insights? A re-examination of frames of reference is both important and timely given the many changes currently impacting work and employment. Our hope is that by reflecting on and celebrating the influence of Alan Fox on our thinking, we can also chart a forward-looking research agenda that continues to use his insights and apply them to the field as well as developing and continuing to engage with them.
Which Data Do Elementary School Teachers Use to Determine Reading Difficulties in Their Students?
Authors: Schmitterer Alexandra M. A. , Brod Garvin
Published: January 2021

Small-group interventions allow for tailored instruction for students with learning difficulties. A crucial first step is the accurate identification of students who need such an intervention. This study investigated how teachers decide whether their students need a remedial reading intervention. To this end, 64 teachers of 697 third-grade students from Germany were asked to rate whether a reading intervention for their students was “not necessary,” “potentially necessary,” or “definitely necessary.” Independent experimenters tested the students’ reading and spelling abilities with standardized tests, and a subsample of 370 children participated in standardized tests of phonological awareness and vocabulary. Findings show that teachers’ decisions with regard to students’ needing a reading intervention overlapped more with results from standardized spelling assessments than from reading assessments. Hierarchical linear models indicated that students’ spelling abilities, along with phonological awareness and vocabulary, explained variance in teachers’ ratings over and above students’ reading skills. Teachers thus relied on proximal cues such as spelling skills to reach their decision. These findings are discussed in relation to clinical standards and educational contexts. Findings indicate that the teachers’ assignment of children to interventions might be underspecified, and starting points for specific teacher training programs are outlined.
The Dark Side of Mobile App Adoption: Examining the Impact on Customers’ Multichannel Purchase
Authors: Gu Xian , Kannan P.K.
Published: January 2021

Firms use mobile applications to engage with customers, provide services, and encourage customer purchase. Conventional wisdom and previous research indicate that apps have a positive effect on customer spending. The authors critically examine this premise in a highly competitive institutional context by estimating how customers’ multichannel spending changes after adopting a hotel group’s app and identifying the factors contributing to such change. Exploiting the variation in customers’ timing of app adoption and using a difference-in-differences approach, the authors find that the effect of app adoption on customers’ overall spending is significant and negative. Additional analyses suggest the possibility that customers who adopt the focal app also adopt competitor apps and therefore search more and shop around, leading to decreased share of wallet with the focal hotel group. The authors also find that the negative effect on spending is smaller for customers who use the app for mobile check-in service than those who use the app for only searching, highlighting the role of app engagement in mitigating the negative effect.
The potential lethality of caput medusae
Authors: Russo Marianna , Bolcato Matteo , Aprile Anna
Published: January 2021

While gastro-oesophageal varices commonly complicate portal hypertension and may be a life-threatening condition, fatal haemorrhaging from cirrhosis-related caput medusae has seldom been described in the scientific literature. This article documents a rare death due to the rupture of a varix in the umbilical area. This case raises a number of points for medico-legal discussion, such as the negative consequences of an erroneous cause of death in evaluating medical malpractice cases and the importance of a thorough external examination of the body in order to ensure this type of vascular lesion is not overlooked.
Methamphetamine deaths: Changing trends and diagnostic issues
Authors: Lewis Daniel , Kenneally Michaela , van denHeuvel Corinna , Byard Roger W
Published: January 2021

The term ‘amphetamine’ refers to a class of synthetic drugs which includes methamphetamine. The latter is a globally popular drug of abuse which induces euphoria, affecting cognitive/psychomotor performance and sleep. It also provokes risk taking and violent behaviour. The central effects of methamphetamine are due to the overproduction of neurotransmitters, resulting in high levels of dopamine. In recent years, there have been significant increases in cases of methamphetamine abuse in North and South America, Australia and Asia due to its ready availability and low cost. The following review examines changing trends in methamphetamine use and problems that arise diagnostically in medico-legal cases in determining the significance of post-mortem blood levels, the relationship of these to ante-mortem levels, the possible effects on physical and psychological behaviours and the possible contribution of the drug to a lethal episode.
Citizens’ Governance Spaces: Democratic Action Through Disruptive Collective Problem-Solving
Authors: Hendriks Carolyn M , Dzur Albert W
Published: January 2021

This article investigates the practical form of citizen engagement that occurs in collective problem-solving efforts such as civic enterprises, grassroots initiatives and self-help groups. Drawing on extensive empirical evidence from diverse policy fields, it articulates the distinct experimental and disruptive policy work that citizens enact in these citizens’ governance spaces and challenges dominant interpretations which view them as either (i) a testament to the capacity of citizens to effectively solve complex public problems or (ii) a symptom of advanced neoliberalism where states off-load complex problems onto citizens. The article moves beyond this dualism to consider the motivations, challenges, available resources and distinct democratic work enacted by citizens in these spaces of bottom-up governance. Citizens’ governance spaces, the article concludes, offer important lessons – both in terms of potential benefits and risks – for the project of deepening the quality and reach of citizen participation in modern systems of democracy.
Decline in Frequency of Newborn Male Circumcision After Change in Medicaid Coverage Status in Selected States in the United States
Authors: Torosian Taron , Quint Joshua J. , Klausner Jeffrey D.
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Male circumcision is linked to a reduction in the risk of HIV infection, sexually transmitted infections, penile inflammatory skin disorders, cancers, urinary tract infections, and other complications. We examined the extent to which the change in circumcision recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics in 1999 and Medicaid coverage status in states affected the total number of procedures performed.

Methods

We used data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 1998-2011 collected annually by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We examined data on all male births in the United States with Medicaid and private health insurance. We then categorized births into 4 groups: (1) births with newborn male circumcision procedure, (2) births with Medicaid or private health insurance, (3) births that occurred in states where Medicaid coverage for newborn male circumcision was removed, and (4) births that occurred before or after the policy change. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the adjusted odds of newborn male circumcision.

Results

In the 10 states where a change in Medicaid policy occurred, circumcision frequency had a mean percentage-point decrease of 21.4% among Medicaid beneficiaries and 3.2% among private health insurance beneficiaries from before to after the policy change. In states where coverage was maintained, the change in circumcision frequency was negligible for Medicaid and private health insurance beneficiaries. These changes resulted in an estimated 163 456 potential circumcisions not performed.

Conclusion

Decreases in newborn male circumcision frequency correlated with the Medicaid policy change for the procedure. Efforts should be made to reduce barriers for cost-effective preventive procedures that promote health, such as newborn male circumcision.
Using Inter-Rater Discourse to Trace the Origins of Disagreement: Towards Collective Reflective Practice in L2 Assessment
Authors: Matthews Joshua
Published: January 2021

This article explores how the analysis of inter-rater discourse can be used to support collective reflective practice in second language (L2) assessment. To demonstrate, a focused case of the discourse between two experienced language teachers as they negotiate assessment decisions on L2 written texts is presented. Of particular interest was the discourse surrounding the raters’ most divergent assessment decisions, which in this case were those relating to Task Achievement. Thematic analysis indicated that rater discourse predominantly focused on explicit objective factors, primarily the L2 texts and the rating scale; however, rater discourse also focused on more subjective, rater-centred factors. The discourse surrounding these rater-centred factors was often central to the identification and resolution of rating disagreements. The paper argues that the subjective dimension of language assessment needs to be more directly and systematically reflected upon in language teaching contexts and that analysis of rater discourse, especially discourse focused on points of disagreement between raters, provides a valuable mechanism to facilitate this.
Model compounds-based study on adsorption and dispersion properties of lignin-based superplasticizer
Authors: Ma Shuangping , Ding Qingjun , Zhou Fen , Zhu Huaxiong
Published: January 2021

The chemical modifications of lignin-based superplasticizers have attracted extensive attentions during recent years. The comprehending of the structure-activity relationship of lignin-based superplasticizer is important to promote the modification and application research of lignin resources. However, lignin features complex and variable molecular structure, which is not conducive to study on structure-activity relationship of lignin-based superplasticizer as well as development and application of new lignin-based superplasticizer. However, the related research work can be simplified by selecting small molecular compound with appropriate molecular structure as the lignin model compound. This article intends to study the structure-activity relationship of lignin-based superplasticizer by using dihydroeugenol as the lignin model compound. Through the substitution of lignin by dihydroeugenol during the synthesis process, a model compound lignin-based superplasticizer (DAFS) was synthesized. The adsorption and dispersion properties of this superplasticizer and reference sample (LAFS) were investigated by fluidity test, Zeta-potential measurement, Total organic carbon analysis and others. The results suggest that the adsorption behavior of both DAFS and LAFS conformed to the Langmuir isotherms and Pseudo-second order kinetic. In cement paste, added with 1 g/L of LAFS and DAFS, Zeta potential were reduced from +3.5 to −15.2 mV and −18.7 mV, respectively. The substitution of lignin by dihydroeugenol has no significantly influence on the dispersive property, but differences on rheological properties which need to be optimized in the future. All the tests confirmed that dihydroeugenol is suitable to replace lignin on exploring the structure-activity relationship of lignin-based superplasticizer. This research work provides new insight on model study of lignin-based superplasticizer.
Springback angle prediction of circular metal tube considering the interference of cross-sectional distortion in mandrel-less rotary draw bending
Authors: Zhou Huifang , Zhang Shuyou , Qiu Lemiao , Wang Zili
Published: January 2021

The springback directly affects the forming accuracy and quality of metal bent-tube, and accurate springback prediction is the key to the springback compensation and control. This paper investigates the springback of mandrel-less rotary draw bending (MLRDB) of circular metal tubes, and an innovative method, springback angle prediction considering the interference of cross-sectional distortion (IoCSD-SAP), is proposed. The digit decomposition condition variational auto-encoder generative adversarial network (D2CVAE-GAN) is developed to augment the data samples. Considering the nonlinear interference of the cross-sectional distortion on springback, auxiliary extended radial basis function (AE-RBF) is proposed. It establishes the mapping relationship between the characteristic parameters and cross-sectional distortion. By extracting the information encode of cross-sectional distortion as the condition input, this model realizes the condition prediction of springback angle. Taking MLRDB of 6060-T6 Al-alloy circular tube as a case study, the proposed method, IoCSD-SAP, is verified. According to the experimental results, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the springback angle of our proposed method is 4.73%, and three different analytical models are 38.92%, 14.39%, and 14.22%, respectively. It can be seen that our proposed method significantly improves the prediction accuracy of springback angle. For the springback angle prediction of circular metal tube in MLRDB, the data augmentation can effectively reduce the generalization error and improve the prediction accuracy. The nonlinear interference of the cross-sectional distortion on springback should be taken into account to improve the accuracy and robustness of the springback prediction model.
Analytical method for the out-of-plane buckling of the telescopic boom with guy cables
Authors: Meng Lixia , Gui Zhaojian , Zhang Ke , Liu Junru , Liu Shiming
Published: January 2021

The guy cables can effectively improve the bearing capacity for the telescopic boom of the crane, while the introduction of tensioned cables makes the buckling analysis complicated. The primary objective of this study was to propose an analytical method for the out-of-plane buckling of the telescopic boom with the spatial symmetric guy cables. To analyze the influence of the guy cables on the out-of-plane buckling property of the telescopic boom, the deflection differential equation of the multi-stepped telescopic boom with guy cables was established based on the theory of elastic beam, then the buckling characteristic equation to determine the critical load of the telescopic boom was derived. Comparison of results with that given by the finite element method showed the high accuracy of the proposed method. In the end, with this equation, the influences of the structural geometric parameters on the critical load were investigated. The results indicated that, in the engineering application, the critical load of the telescopic boom can be increased by decreasing the length ratio a/L or increasing the angle φ between the two cables. The influence of angle θ on the out-of-plane buckling analysis of the telescopic boom can be neglected. With the proposed method, the buckling behavior of the telescopic boom with guy cables can be solved accurately. The present work is significant to structural design and safety analysis of the telescopic boom, and it can be utilized to provide technical support for the structural design of telescopic boom.
Vibration characteristics of triple-gear-rotor system in compressed air energy storage under variable torque load
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhu Yangli , Li Wen , Hu Dongxu , Zhang Xuehui , Chen Haisheng
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the effects of the off-design operation of CAES on the dynamic characteristics of the triple-gear-rotor system. A finite element model of the system is set up with unbalanced excitations, torque load excitations, and backlash which lead to variations of tooth contact status. An experiment is carried out to verify the accuracy of the mathematical model. The results show that when the system is subjected to large-scale torque load lifting at a high rotating speed, it has two stages of relatively strong periodicity when the torque load is light, and of chaotic when the torque load is heavy, with the transition between the two states being relatively quick and violent. The analysis of the three-dimensional acceleration spectrum and the meshing force shows that the variation in the meshing state and the fluctuation of the meshing force is the basic reasons for the variation in the system response with the torque load. In addition, the three rotors in the triple-gear-rotor system studied show a strong similarity in the meshing states and meshing force fluctuations, which result in the similarity in the dynamic responses of the three rotors.
Performing Trustworthiness: The ‘Credibility Work’ of Prominent Sociologists
Authors: Geiger Ben Baumberg
Published: January 2021

To the limited extent that sociologists have considered non-academics’ trust in sociologists, legitimacy has become entwined with the idea of a value-free, ‘objective’ sociology. However, broader philosophical/sociological work suggests that credibility signals are more complex, with, for example, non-partisanship being separate to epistemic responsibility. In this article, I explore the nature of ‘credibility work’ in practice via interviews with 15 prominent English sociologists, making three contributions. First, I find that some sociologists deliberately pursue credibility, a phenomenon largely ignored in previous research. They do this primarily by ‘performing’ non-partisanship or epistemic responsibility within interactions. Second, this credibility work does not require the pursuit of ‘objectivity’; sociologists can signal epistemic responsibility despite partisanship, or pursue ‘dispassionate advocacy’. Third, the extent and nature of credibility work varies by context; indeed some sociologists benefit from partisanship, while others feel no need for credibility work. I conclude by stressing the need for further research.
Dynamic simulation of the relationship between pressure and displacement for the waist of elastic pantyhose in the walking process using the finite element method
Authors: Dan Rui , Shi Zhen
Published: January 2021

The inward displacement perpendicular to body surface produced by external pressure is an important index to evaluate pressure comfort and optimal design of tight clothing products. Because of the limited pressure exerted on the human body after wearing compression clothing, the corresponding displacement is generally small, and it is difficult to obtain an accurate displacement value of the human body using general methods. In this paper, we focused on the functional relationship between pressure and displacement when the human body was in the walking state after dressing in elastic pantyhose, and then the displacement data could be easily obtained using this method.

Through computerized tomography scanning, establishing of the waist cross-section, finite element simulation, and curve fitting, we finally obtained the functional relationship between the pressure/displacement ratio and angle when the body is dressed in four sample elastic pantyhose during the walking process in this study. In the formula, pressure data can be easily obtained through the pressure experiment, and the corresponding displacement value at any point of the human body can be calculated using the quadratic fitting curve equation. Results indicated that no matter what state the human body was in (static or dynamic) after wearing elastic pantyhose, the relationship between pressure and displacement at the corresponding point remains basically unchanged. That is to say, the relationship between pressure and displacement was basically not affected by the state of the human body when dressed in a tight garment. The conclusions provide an important reference for evaluating pressure comfort and optimizing clothing structure. This method is also applicable to other types of compression clothing.
‘Creating the community I want to be part of’: Affinity-based organising in a small, progressive rustbelt city
Authors: Currans Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

This article explores a small city’s response to the inauguration of Donald Trump in January 2017. Love, Resilience, Action Ypsilanti (LRAY) focused on community-building and the social justice history of Ypsilanti, Michigan to create a queer-affirming feminist event that intentionally referenced and diverged from national Women’s Marches. In exploring intersectional social justice organising by a queer-dominated feminist group, I argue that organisers’ emphasis on communal care in combination with direct action reflected an affinity-based understanding of community characteristic of this particular small progressive rustbelt city. This example demonstrates the importance of including small cities in urban LGBTQ research.
Growing public spaces in the city: Community gardening and the making of new urban environments of publicness
Authors: Milbourne Paul
Published: January 2021

The demise of public space in cities across the Global North has received considerable scrutiny from urban scholars in recent years, with accounts of the loss, privatisation and increased regulation of public space prevalent within the academic literature. This paper seeks to complicate these dominant narratives of public space transformation by exploring the complexities of existing public spaces and the emergence of new spaces of publicness in the city. It uses a case study of community gardening in mundane and everyday neighbourhood spaces to provide a more nuanced and progressive reading of the relations between publicness and space in the city. Drawing on empirical materials from recent research on community gardening projects in 15 cities in Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA, the paper highlights how community gardening is creating new environments of publicness across public, private and in-between spaces that complicate both the end of public space discourse and conventional understandings of public space within urban studies.
Bilateral gluteus maximus contracture due to intra muscular injections
Authors: Mittal Ravi , Jain Siddharth
Published: January 2021

Gluteus maximus contracture, characterised by contracture of gluteus maximus, iliotibial band and covering fascia, can be caused by repeated intramuscular injections in the gluteal region. It is amenable to open surgical release.
Botho as an essential ingredient of African psychology: an insider perspective
Authors: Sodi Tholene , Bopape Diphete , Makgahlela Mpsanyana
Published: January 2021

The African notion of botho appears to have attracted a lot of attention and research efforts in various fields of study. It is presented as a positive concept that is associated with the good side of human beings. In this article, we have adopted an Afrocentric position to analyse the philosophical construct of ‘botho’ as lived and practised in communities that we grew up in. We acknowledge our historical and cultural locatedness in these communities and recognise that this positionality has influenced the way we have engaged with our subject matter. We have interrogated the concept of botho and have identified what we consider as its four key elements. These are African spirituality, botho as personhood, botho and interconnectedness, and botho and communalism. Through a critical discussion of these key elements, we have tried to demonstrate that botho is essentially a valid human experience that forms the bedrock of African psychology. We conclude by suggesting that botho and other themes that constitute the field of African psychology need to be acknowledged, embraced, and mobilised as foundational building blocks in the production of knowledge that is centred on and in Africa.
Coordination Effectiveness During Public Health Emergencies: An Institutional Collective Action Framework
Authors: Soujaa Ismail , Nukpezah Julius A. , Benavides Abraham David
Published: January 2021

This article draws on the institutional collective action (ICA) framework and data from a survey of senior public health and emergency management professionals in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex following the Ebola outbreak to investigate coordination effectiveness during public health emergencies. Based on the study findings, the article recommends that having an identifiable lead agency, official statements from local authorities, a conducive environment for informal conversations, and communication activities that inform, connect, and involve professionals is essential for an effective coordination. Practical implications of the study extend to how to mitigate collective action dilemmas with regard to coordinating COVID-19 pandemic responses.
Social support, well-being and involvement of fathers in transnational families in the Philippines
Authors: Garabiles Melissa
Published: January 2021

This study investigated left-behind Filipino fathers and their involvement as child caregivers. It hypothesized that social support and well-being predict paternal involvement, with well-being as the mediator. Results showed that familial and peer support predicted involvement, with well-being as mediator. Spousal support did not predict involvement or well-being. Findings highlight the importance of familial and peer support to left-behind fathers. Interactions between significant predictors of involvement present novel pathways to childcare. The non-significant role of spousal support is discussed in the context of transnational migration. Several interventions involving families and peers are suggested.
Decentered identity negotiation and dilemmas among Korean-Chinese immigrants in South Korea
Authors: Son Inseo , Shin Hwajin
Published: January 2021

Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 58 Korean-Chinese immigrants in South Korea, this study examines how ethnic return migrants negotiate their ethnic and national identities after relocating to the ancestral homeland. Findings reveal that migrants’ identity negotiations reflect the ethno-racial contexts of both pre- and post-migration societies. Most participants have one of three identity orientations: ethnic-identity (Korean), national-identity (Chinese), and in-between. Those who are oriented exclusively toward either Chinese or Korean identity struggle to claim full belonging in the society with which they primarily identify. Furthermore, having an in-between orientation does not provide flexible identity options but only results in a sense of being unable to belong anywhere. Findings suggest that the ethnic return migrants’ perceived minority status in both home and host societies play a crucial role in shaping their identity negotiations.
Control and synchronization for two Chua systems based on intuitionistic fuzzy control scheme: A comparative study
Authors: Hamdy Mohamed , Magdy Mohamed , Helmy Salah
Published: January 2021

This paper presents control and synchronization for two nonlinear chaotic systems in the presence of uncertainties and external disturbances based on an intuitionistic fuzzy control (IFC) scheme. Two classes of Chua and cubic Chua oscillators have been formulated as master and slave respectively. The master and slave systems have different initial conditions and parameters, which leads to the butterfly effect that rules the chaotic systems’ behaviour. IFC scheme is chosen as a different method that has not been used before to control and synchronize Chua and cubic Chua oscillators. The main objective of the IFC scheme is to collect more information about the system and provide flexibility for the controller that increases the robustness of the control system to uncertainties in the structure of the chaotic systems. The stability analysis of the overall system is guaranteed using Routh-Hurwitz and Lyapunov criteria. The simulation results accomplished to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control and to demonstrate its reliability to control Chua’s circuit system with a comparative study.
On the validation of ability measures in school psychology: Do established psychometric standards matter?
Authors: McGill Ryan J. , Ward Thomas J. , Canivez Gary L.
Published: January 2021

In this rejoinder, we address Kettler’s comments regarding our article for this special section regarding the validation practices employed with recently translated and adapted versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), which are used by school and educational psychologists in clinical practice around the world. Whereas we seek to briefly clarify points of minor contention, there is much that we agree on from the commentary. We reiterate the need to take seriously established psychometric standards in our discipline when validating commercial ability measures for the benefit of our ethical charges.