bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMENUHAN HAK NAFKAH ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN MENURUT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: Fatahillah Wilnan , Krishnani Ririh , Mukhid Zaenal
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena masih tingginya angka perceraian dan adanya indikasi kelalaian orang tua dalam pemenuhan hak nafkah terhadap anak pasca perceraian. Menurut UU Perkawinan dan KHI, seorang anak berhak  mendapatkan nafkah dari orang tua pasca perceraian sekaigus menjadi kewajiban orang tua terutama ayah. Al-Qur’an juga menetapkan bahwa kewajiban nafkah anak diamanatkan kepada ayah. Namun faktanya masih terjadi kelalaian  orang tua terutama seorang ayah yang tidak memenuhi kewajiban nafkah untuk anaknya, termasuk di Kelurahan Serua Kecamatan Bojongsari Kota Depok. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa nafkah anak pasca perceraian di kelurahan serua terdapat 3 tipe: Pertama, nafkah tetap terpenuhi yakni nafkah terpenuhi secara rutin sampai anak tumbuh dewasa. Kedua, nafkah terpenuhi hanya sebagian yakni seorang ayah dalam memberikan nafkah tidak dapat ditentukan waktunya. Ketiga, nafkah anak tidak terpenuhi yakni seorang ayah tidak dapat memberikan nafkah secara terus menerus, bahkan ada yang tidak memberikan nafkah sama sekali.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH UNTUK USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH (UMKM)
Authors: Abdurrohman Akbar Firman Muhammad , Rosidta Adina , Lazuardi Afried
Published: September 2024

UMKM memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, menyumbang sekitar 60% dari PDB dan menyerap lebih dari 97% tenaga kerja. Namun, akses permodalan menjadi hambatan utama bagi pertumbuhan UMKM, sekitar 70% mengalami kesulitan mendapatkan pembiayaan. Faktor-faktor seperti kurangnya jaminan, biaya administrasi yang tinggi, dan kurangnya pengetahuan tentang produk pembiayaan. Pembiayaan syariah muncul sebagai solusi potensial dengan menawarkan model yang lebih adil dan transparan, menghindari riba, gharar, dan batil, serta menggunakan prinsip bagi hasil yang membagi risiko dan keuntungan secara proporsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai model pembiayaan syariah yang diterapkan pada UMKM di Indonesia, termasuk mudharabah, murabahah, dan musyarakah. Analisis menunjukkan kebutuhan modal UMKM bervariasi berdasarkan sektor, sektor manufaktur memerlukan modal besar. Murabahah, ijarah, mudharabah, dan musyarakah masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahan, tetapi kombinasi murabahah dan musyarakah dianggap paling ideal karena menawarkan fleksibilitas dan pembagian risiko yang lebih adil. Data empiris dan teori keuangan Islam, seperti Maqasid al-Shariah, mendukung pengembangan pembiayaan syariah untuk meningkatkan akses permodalan, mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif, dan memberdayakan masyarakat.
Unlocking Workplace Dynamo: The Impact of Internal Trust and Communication on Igniting Work Engagement
Authors: Nešić Tomašević Ana , Batić Očovaj Sanja , Lalić Danijela
Published: September 2024

Research Question: This study delves into the intricate relationships among internal communication, internal trust, and work engagement within the context of a developing business environment undergoing cultural and economic transition. Motivation: The fundamental research inquiries seek to ascertain the interconnections between the studied phenomena and elucidate the nature of these relationships. Work engagement, identified through previous research and contemporary business practices, emerges as a pivotal force with profound implications for motivation, management, and personal development within organizations. Idea: The introduction sets the stage by emphasizing the study's focus on relationships in a transitioning business environment. Subsequent sections meticulously articulate research objectives, explore the existing literature, pose research questions, and delineate the chosen methodology, elucidating the importance of standardized instruments and the rationale behind the selection of the Serbian organizational context. Results are presented with a focus on the identified correlations, leading to the formulation of two models. The subsequent discussion critically compares these models, offering insights into the implications of trust-determined communication on work engagement. Limitations are candidly acknowledged, underscoring the need for interpretative caution. Data: The research methodology predominantly employs a quantitative approach to unravel the complexities inherent in internal communication, internal trust, and work engagement. The study encompasses a substantial sample size, consisting of 708 respondents representing 16 working organizations in Serbia. Tools: To gauge these phenomena, standardized instruments such as Internal Trust, a shortened version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Internal Communication Scale were employed. The anticipated results unveil robust correlations among the elements under scrutiny. Findings: The findings culminate in the proposition of two models, with structural equation modelling revealing a model where trust determines communication, subsequently influencing work engagement as the more fitting representation. This model presents a nuanced understanding of the intricate dynamics within organizational frameworks. Contribution: Despite acknowledging certain limitations in the study, the research underscores its importance in the quest for the most influential factors contributing to work engagement in organizations. The research serves as a valuable contribution to the broader discourse on organizational behaviuor, shedding light on crucial factors that influence employee engagement in evolving business landscapes.
Book review of: Tomasini, R., Van Wassenhove, L., & Van Wassenhove, L. (2009). Humanitarian logistics
Authors: Rutaba Yohana Arsen
Published: September 2024

Book review of: Tomasini, R., Van Wassenhove, L., & Van Wassenhove, L. (2009). Humanitarian logistics. Springer. ISBN: 978-0-230-23348-5
Estrategia de comunicaciones para posicionar a Compañía de Seguros Confuturo como referente en educación previsional en Chile
Authors:   , Pye Benítez Macarena
Published: September 2024

En el marco del Magíster de Comunicación Estratégica brindado por la Facultad de Comunicaciones, el presente informe aborda la estrategia de comunicaciones desarrollada para Confuturo, en su objetivo de querer ser referente en educación previsional, con principal foco en uno de los lineamientos propuestos, correspondientes al plan para potenciar la voz de la aseguradora en la discusión de la industria y en materia previsional.
Migración y sesgo en calificaciones de estudiantes: evidencia para Chile
Authors:   , Juanez Valle Emilson Jampier
Published: September 2024

El presente documento estudia la formación de sesgos en las calificaciones de estudiantes migrantes versus nativos en el contexto chileno. La investigación se basa en la yuxtaposición de las notas de los estudiantes en las evaluaciones realizadas por los docentes con los resultados en pruebas estandarizadas externas dentro de educación básica y media durante el período 2016-2022. La estimación más robusta indica que el sesgo en matemáticas —evaluado en el promedio de la prueba estandarizada— en favor de los migrantes es de 0.121 desvíos estándar; además, dicho sesgo decae en función de las habilidades demostradas en matemáticas. Para entender este resultado, proponemos evidencia de que los alumnos migrantes emplean un mayor esfuerzo en la escuela y perciben más motivación por parte de sus profesores en comparación a los nativos. Asimismo, es posible que la brecha en las notas también sea el resultado de un sesgo derivado de las diferencias observadas en el comportamiento dentro del salón de clases. Aunque no podemos demostrar directamente que los profesores incorporan dentro de su función de bienestar la idea de ser benevolentes con quienes afrontan barreras y desafíos en un contexto nuevo, los resultados encontrados parecen, al menos parcialmente, alinearse con este planteamiento.
Un espacio ambiguo: circulaciones de artes visuales en dictadura: Santiago de Chile, 1975-1989
Authors:   , Urrutia Barriga Camila
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación surge a partir de la pregunta por los efectos que tuvieron las imposiciones de la dictadura militar de Augusto Pinochet en los espacios tradicionales para el desarrollo de las artes visuales en Santiago de Chile, entre 1975 y 1989. Para visibilizar esas imposiciones, describimos, por una parte, las estructuras de esos espacios y, por otra, las proyecciones del oficialismo en ellos desde dos polos. De un lado, represión, vigilancia y censura. Del otro, el giro económico y un nuevo orden cultural. Por medio de distintos casos de estudio, observamos cómo se materializaron esas proyecciones. Revisamos casos de mecenazgo cultural en iniciativas de la Corporación Amigos del Arte, y en concursos financiados por empresas y desarrollado en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Luego, proponemos un estudio de la labor de las galerías de arte a partir de su trabajo editorial con la publicación de catálogos. Finalmente, consideramos dos exhibiciones de artistas extranjeros en Santiago, Wolf Vöstell en 1977 y Robert Rauschenberg en 1985, y la participación de Chile en la XII Bienal de París en 1981. El análisis de estos casos de estudio nos permite advertir distintas formas de asociación que permitieron el desarrollo de las artes visuales en años de represión y censura. Nuestra hipótesis de trabajo propone que las proyecciones del oficialismo sobre el campo de las artes visuales dieron lugar a respuestas diversas, a desplazamientos y desbordes que desafiaron las estructuras impuestas por lo “oficial”. El propósito de esta investigación ha sido visibilizar desde ese desencuentro la reorganización de distintos espacios ocupados por las artes visuales del período.
Formulation and implementation of flexible surface models for the representation and morphological analysis of the respiratory airways in human lungs
Authors:   , Ortiz Puerta David
Published: September 2024

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) representa un problema critico de salud pública que requiere mejores herramientas de diagnóstico. Los estudios radiológicos e histológicos han demostrado que, durante el inicio y las primeras fases de la EPOC, las vías respiratorias grandes y pequeñas sufren una remodelación estructural que induce cambios en su morfología. Sin embargo, actualmente estos mecanismos no están bien establecidos en el diagnóstico por imagen de la EPOC, ya que el análisis morfológico regional de las vías respiratorias sigue siendo un reto tecnológico y requiere una mayor validación. En este trabajo, formulamos, implementamos y validamos representaciones geométricas de superficie y métodos de proyección para estudiar la morfología de las estructuras bronquiales y la deformación de los grandes vasos sanguíneos. En particular, proponemos los métodos SIGA y MISIGA, que proporcionan modelos geométricos continuos basados en imágenes de superficies 3D. Ambos enfoques utilizan la formulación del análisis isogeométrico para resolver el problema de segmentación de imágenes Snakes. El método SIGA se validó comparándolo con dos métodos de proyección ortogonal, mostrando superioridad en la representación de vías respiratorias enfermas con secciones transversales no convexas. Además, este enfoque se enriquece con la teoría de placas de Kirchhoff-Love para dar lugar al método MISIGA, que permite estimar los campos de deformación circunferencial ´ y longitudinal en vasos individuales. Como aplicación de relevancia médica, utilizamos el método SIGA para construir modelos geométricos del árbol bronquial de sujetos fumadores en estadios pre-COPD y COPD leve. A partir de estas representaciones, realizamos un estudio morfológico para comparar los biomarcadores geométricos de ambos grupos. Prevemos que el SIGA y el MISIGA pueden proporcionar evaluaciones geométricas y de deformación de alta fidelidad que pueden ser relevantes en el estudio del inicio y la progresión de la EPOC.
A machine learning-based analysis of actual evaporation drivers across different land covers in the chilean andean plateau
Authors:   , Boada C. Javiera
Published: September 2024

La estimación precisa de la evaporación (E) es crucial para la gestión del agua en regiones áridas como el Altiplano chileno. Aquí, E es el principal flujo de salida de agua en cuencas endorreicas, predominando en salares, superficies vegetadas, suelos desnudos con aguas subterráneas poco profundas y lagunas salinas someras. Estimar E es desafiante debido a su naturaleza altamente dinámica, influenciada por procesos atmosféricos y por el tipo de cobertura terrestre. Aunque los algoritmos de aprendizaje automático (ML) han mostrado ser prometedores para entender E, aún no se ha profundizado en cómo la cobertura terrestre afecta las principales variables que predicen E. Este estudio emplea técnicas de ML para determinar los impulsores de E en distintas coberturas evaporíticas del Altiplano. Tres algoritmos de ML fueron evaluados utilizando flujos de E y datos ambientales de campañas de terreno. Random Forest (RF) emergió como el algoritmo más efectivo debido a su mejor rendimiento y menor tiempo de ejecución. Las variables ambientales clave fueron identificadas utilizando el método explicativo SHAP. Los resultados revelaron que E en salares y vegetación están principalmente limitadas por la disponibilidad de energía. El suelo desnudo se ve influenciado tanto por la energía como por la disponibilidad de agua, mientras que la turbulencia mecánica domina sobre las superficies de agua. Al definir umbrales de impacto para los principales impulsores, se demostró la interdependencia entre procesos físicos y estados ambientales en la promoción de E. Finalmente, la sensibilidad del modelo indicó que es posible predecir E con cuatro variables para salares, vegetación y suelo desnudo, y tres para superficies de agua, sin pérdida significativa de precisión. Este enfoque permite establecer una red de estaciones meteorológicas de bajo costo para estimar E en toda la región. Esta investigación mejora la comprensión de cómo las características de la superficie y las condiciones ambientales influyen en E, ofreciendo información valiosa para la gestión efectiva de los recursos hídricos en regiones áridas.
Helicobacter pylori Infection among Symptomatic Adults in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwestern Nigeria: A Retrospective Study
Authors: T. O. Oluwole , H. N. Okunbor , I. I. Otaigbe , J. I. Nwadiokwu. , O. A. Sadare , C. J. Elikwu
Published: September 2024

Aim: To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection among symptomatic adults in a tertiary hospital in a peri-urban setting in Southwestern Nigeria.
Methodology: It was a retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, between January 2022 and June 2024. The study involved a review of the medical microbiology laboratory records to evaluate the H. pylori stool antigen results of samples obtained from adults with gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of H. pylori infection.
Results: A total of 1061 adults were included in the study with females accounting for 56.2% of the participants. The age range of the participants was 18 – 95 years with a mean age of 34.59 + 15.51. The prevalence rate of H. pylori infection was 32.4% (344/1061). The infection was higher in females (50.6%) than in males (49.4%) and it was statistically significant (P = 0.011). However, a higher proportion (36.6%) of males had the infection than females (29.2%). The age group 21 – 30 years accounted for 23.3% of the H. pylori-positive participants while 37.6% of participants in the age group 41 -50 years were H. pylori-positive, however it was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: H. pylori infection is prevalent among symptomatic adults in this locality. Hence, screening for H. pylori is recommended for detection, prompt treatment and eradication of H. pylori infection to prevent long-term complications.
The Effect of Nutrient Seed Priming on Nutrient Concentration and Uptake of Soybean
Authors: S.K. Ugile , H.K. Kausadikar , M.S. Waghmare , V.D Patil.
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nutrient seed priming on the nutrient concentration and uptake in soybeans’ and experiment was carried out two consecutive years at research farm of Oilseed Research Station, Latur under VNMKV, Parbhani, during kharif, 2018 and 2019 in randomized block design (RBD) with 12 treatments which were replicated thrice. The soil of experimental field was clayey in texture (Vertisols),The treatments comprises T1: absolute control,T2: Only RDF,T3:RDF + Zn@ 3g kg-1 seed,T4 :RDF + B @ 3g kg-1 seed,T5: RDF+ Fe@ 3g kg-1 seed.,T6: RDF + S @ 3g kg-1 seed,T7: RDF + Zn+ B each @ 3g/kg-1 seed,T8: RDF + Zn+ B +Mo each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T9:RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T10: RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe+ S each @ 3g kg-1 seed ,T11:RDF + Rhizobium +PSB each @ 10 ml kg-1 seed ,T12: Without RDF + Zn+ B + Mo + Fe + S each @ 3g kg-1 seed. The results indicated that the priming of Zn+ B + Mo + Fe+ S each @ 3g kg-1 seed along with RDF proved its superiority over rest of treatments, however,  Priming with a combination of Zn, B, Mo, Fe, and S along with RDF resulted in a significant increase in nutrient concentration and nutrient uptake of soybean over alone nutrient application and control treatment.
Improving Okra Production by Poultry Manure Application in Highland Acid Oxisols of Dschang, Western Cameroon
Authors: Tamfuh Primus Azinwi , Epie Isaac Mpako , Ndzana Georges Martial , Tchinda Romary Ngnipa , Ibrahim Achille Bienvenu , Nongha Laura Ingrid Nfota , Kabeyene Veronique Beyala Kamgang
Published: September 2024

Problem Statement: Low yields of crops in Sub-saharan Africa are often associated with low soil fertility. However, due to high cost and negative environmental impact of chemical fertilizers, using cheap and readily available organic manures such as poultry manure (PM) has become indispensable.
Aim: To evaluate the effect of different rates of PM on soil fertility and the performance of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in the Cameroon Western Highlands.
Methodology: The study was carried out in the field and in the laboratory. The experimental plot (191.25 m2) in the field was designed in a randomized complete block design with six treatments and three replications: 0 t ha-1 of PM (To), 3 t ha-1 of PM (T1), 6 t ha-1 of PM (T2), 9 t ha-1 of PM (T3), 12 t ha-1 of PM (T4), and 250 kg of NPK 12-14-19 (T5). Soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory by standard procedures before and after treatment.
Results: Treatment T0 had a clay loam texture, acidic pH (5.4), relatively high organic carbon content (1.92%), moderate total nitrogen (0.33%) and moderate available phosphorus (36.07 mg  kg-1). The exchangeable complex revealed high K+ (1.02 cmol kg-1), low Ca2+ (2.60 cmol kg-1) and Mg2+ (1.04 cmol kg-1), average Na+ (0.33 cmol kg-1). After treatment, soil pHH2O, available phosphorus and exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg increased after harvest whereas Na decreased for all the treatments.  The effect of the treatments on growth parameters was such that T3>T4>T1>T5>T2>T0. The global trend of yield parameters was such that T3>T4>T5>T1>T0>T2. Economically, treatments T3, T4, and T5 were profitable and recommendable for popularization, with a benefit-to-cost-ratio (BCR) >2. The most economically viable treatment was T3 with a profit rate (PR) of 601.66% and a BCR value of 7.02, while T2 was the least economically viable treatment with a negative PR of -32.14% and a BCR of -33.67.
Conclusion: Farmers in Western highlands can produce okra profitably and sustainably using PM at a rate of 9 tha-1f.
Millets a Pathway to Nutrition Security for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Bhushan Shanti , Bhamini Kanchan , Kumar Uday , Rani K Sudha , Kumar Sunil , Sampathkumar T. , Sushil Bhosle Saurabh , Sharma Satish K. , Anbarasan S.
Published: September 2024

Millets, a group of small-seeded grasses, have been cultivated for thousands of years and are an integral part of traditional diets in many regions of the world. The nutritional value, resilience to harsh environmental conditions, and potential for sustainable agriculture, millets have been largely overlooked and underutilized in modern food systems, the nutritional benefits of millets, their role in ensuring food security, and strategies for promoting their cultivation and consumption. Millets are rich in essential nutrients, including protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and offer numerous health benefits, such as reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Additionally, millets are well-suited to climate-resilient agriculture, requiring less water and fertilizer than many other cereal crops. By promoting the cultivation and consumption of millet, policymakers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders can enhance food security, support small-scale farmers, and promote sustainable food systems and the need for increased investment in millet research, the development of value chains, and consumer education to realize the full potential of millets in addressing global food security challenges.
Sustainable Groundwater Purification: Leveraging Local Materials for Lead, Iron, and Cyanide Removal in Ghanaian Mining Communities
Authors: Woananu Samira Esinam Elsie Aggor , Joel Ogbonna Friday , Nwaogazie Ify L.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera seeds and banana peels as natural coagulants for the removal of lead, iron, and cyanide from groundwater in mining-affected communities in Ghana. Experimental laboratory analysis was used to analyze groundwater samples collected from five mining communities in the Atwima-Kwanwoma and Obuasi East districts of the Ashanti Region, Ghana, and treated with Moringa oleifera seeds and banana peels as natural coagulants. The concentrations of E. coli, cyanide, lead, and iron were measured before and after treatment. The study found a 100% removal efficiency for E. coli, cyanide, lead, and iron after treatment with Moringa oleifera seeds and banana peels. These results align with previous studies indicating the efficacy of these natural coagulants in water purification as the Moringa oleifera seeds and banana peels are effective, low-cost natural coagulants for removing contaminants from groundwater in mining communities.
Yield, Nutrient Availability and Soil Properties of Pearl Millet as Influenced by Enriched Phosphocompost
Authors: R.M. Kadam , S. Thakare Ritu , P.B. Margal
Published: September 2024

Aims: Soil Properties, Yield and Nutrient Availability for Pearl Millet as Influenced by Enriched Phosphocompost
Study Design: Randomized Block Design
Place of Study: Bajra Research Scheme, College of Agriculture, Dhule.
Methodology: There were 10 treatments viz. T1- Control, T2- 100 % Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF), T3- 100% RDF + 2.5 t Bajra straw phosphocompost ha-1, T4- 100% RDF+ 2.5 t Cotton stalks phosphocompost ha-1, T5- 100% RDF + 2.5 t FYM ha-1, T6- 100% RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 2.5 t Bajra straw phosphocompost ha-1, T8- 75% RDF + 2.5 t Cotton stalks phosphocompost ha-1, T9- 75 % RDF + 2.5 t FYM ha-1, T10- 75% RDF + 5 t FYM ha-1.
Results: The results indicated that yield, nutrient uptake and soil properties viz. organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, soil available N, P, K and micronutrients were found highest in treatments T4- 100 % RDF+ 2.5 t Cotton stalks phosphocompost ha-1 and treatment T3- 100% RDF+ 2.5 t bajra straw phosphocompost ha-1 and lowest in treatment T1- Control.
Conclusion: Based on the experimental findings application of 100 % RDF+ 2.5 t Cotton stalks phosphocompost ha-1 and 100% RDF+ 2.5 t bajra straw phosphocompost ha-1 were beneficial in terms of yield parameter, plant nutrient uptake and soil chemical properties on pearl millet.
Contribution of Fractional Cover Analysis for Monitoring Degraded Ecosystems at the Watershed Level
Authors: Maria Veliz , Roxana Aparicio , Elizabeth Segovia , William Llactayo , Pedro Tinoco , Martha Jauregui
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the research was to use the data generated on degradation and perform spectral mixture analysis to determine the changes in photosynthetic, non-photosynthetic vegetation and soil fractions, in tactically selected sites, verifying degradation and on the other hand to use this analysis to verify the recovery of degraded ecosystem surfaces that have had recovery projects. Fractional coverages were determined through Normalized Difference Fraction Index (NDFI) by analyzing spectral mixtures using Google Earth Engine. In this sense, the degradation identified in the Ponasa watershed is related to specific degradation values indicated by the NDFI values, to prove that in effect the degradation of these ecosystems is linked to loss of photosynthetic activity, increase in bare soil values and non-photosynthetic activity derived from the process of disturbance of the vegetation cover. In the case of the present study, the NDFI finally explains the degradation processes produced by the loss of vegetation cover and the loss of net primary productivity of the ecosystem, but it is not related in the same way in the case of fragmentation. Ongoing monitoring of the NDFI is key to understanding ecosystem degradation and recovery and to making informed decisions.
Influence of Different Planting Methods and High-Density Planting on Yield and Economic Parameters in Banana cv. Williams
Authors: M. Tharanika , V. Kantharaju , Jalawadi Suhasini , Naik Ramachandra , Vijaymahantesh
Published: September 2024

High density planting is one of novel concepts and it’s effectively increase productivity of per unit area without affecting the fruit quality. Gross yield of banana per hectare mainly depends on yield of per plant and number of plants per hectare. The study was carried out at ICAR- All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi in Belgavi district, Karnataka to study influence of different planting density on both yield and economic parameters of banana cv. Williams during 2021-22. It was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and eight treatments. The results revealed that, the highest values for bunch parameters like bunch length (97.77 cm), bunch width (93.57 cm), number of hands per bunch (11.93), number of fingers in third hand (21.53) and weight of third hand (2.97 kg) was recorded in wider spacing treatment T4 (Single row - 2.4×1.8 m). Regarding to yield parameters like highest bunch weight per hill (36.09 kg) was recorded in T6 (3 plants per hill- 2.7×1.8×0.3 m). While, highest yield per hectare (108.75 t/ha) was found in treatment T8 (Paired row with zig-zag - 2.1×1.2×1.2 m). With respect to the highest gross returns (10,33, 125.00 Rs/ha), net returns (5, 53,725.00 Rs/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (2.15) was observed in T8 (paired row system of with zig-zag planting).
Burkholderia cepacia lipase is a promising biocatalyst for biofuel production
Authors: Sasso Francesco , Natalello Antonino , Castoldi Simone , Lotti Marina , Santambrogio Carlo , Grandori Rita
Published: April 2016

Lipases resistant to inhibition and denaturation by methanol are valuable tools for biotechnological applications, in particular for biofuel production. Microbial lipases have attracted a great deal of interest because of their stability at high concentrations of organic solvents. Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) is tested here for robustness towards methanol in terms of conformational stability and catalytic activity in transesterification assays. This lipase turns out to be even more tolerant than the homologous and better characterized enzyme from Burkholderia glumae. BCL unfolding transition, as monitored by far‐UV circular dichroism (CD) and intrinsic fluorescence, displays a Tm above 60°C in the presence of 50% methanol. The protein unfolds at low pH, and the organic solvent affects the nature of the denatured state under acidic conditions. The protein performs well in transesterification assays upon prolonged incubations at high methanol concentrations. BCL is highly tolerant to methanol and displays particularly high conformational stability under conditions employed for transesterification reactions. These features depict BCL as a promising enzyme for biofuel industry.
Integrated economic and experimental framework for screening of primary recovery technologies for high cell density CHO cultures
Authors: Popova Daria , Stonier Adam , Pain David , Titchener‐Hooker Nigel J. , Farid Suzanne S.
Published: April 2016

Increases in mammalian cell culture titres and densities have placed significant demands on primary recovery operation performance. This article presents a methodology which aims to screen rapidly and evaluate primary recovery technologies for their scope for technically feasible and cost‐effective operation in the context of high cell density mammalian cell cultures. It was applied to assess the performance of current (centrifugation and depth filtration options) and alternative (tangential flow filtration (TFF)) primary recovery strategies. Cell culture test materials (CCTM) were generated to simulate the most demanding cell culture conditions selected as a screening challenge for the technologies. The performance of these technology options was assessed using lab scale and ultra scale‐down (USD) mimics requiring 25–110mL volumes for centrifugation and depth filtration and TFF screening experiments respectively. A centrifugation and depth filtration combination as well as both of the alternative technologies met the performance selection criteria. A detailed process economics evaluation was carried out at three scales of manufacturing (2,000L, 10,000L, 20,000L), where alternative primary recovery options were shown to potentially provide a more cost‐effective primary recovery process in the future. This assessment process and the study results can aid technology selection to identify the most effective option for a specific scenario.
Electrochemical sensing system employing fructosamine 6‐kinase enables glycated albumin measurement requiring no proteolytic digestion
Authors: Kameya Miho , Tsugawa Wakako , Yamada‐Tajima Mayumi , Hatada Mika , Suzuki Keita , Sakaguchi‐Mikami Akane , Ferri Stefano , Klonoff David C. , Sode Koji
Published: April 2016

Currently available enzymatic methods for the measurement of glycated proteins utilize fructosyl amino acid/peptide oxidases (FAOXs/FPOXs) as sensing elements. FAOXs/FPOXs oxidize glycated amino acids or glycated dipeptides but they are not able to accept longer glycated peptides or intact glycated proteins as substrates. Therefore, pretreatment via proteolytic digestion is unavoidable with the current enzymatic methods, and there remains a need for simpler measurement methods for glycated proteins. In this study, in order to develop a novel sensing system for glycated albumin (GA), a marker for diabetes, with no requirement for proteolytic digestion, we created an electrochemical sensor based on fructosamine 6‐kinase (FN6K) from Escherichia coli. Uniquely, FN6K can react directly with intact GA unlike FAOXs/FPOXs. The concentration of GA in samples was measured using a carbon‐printed disposable electrode upon which FN6K as well as two additional enzymes, pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase were overlaid. A clear correlation between the response current and the concentration of GA was observed in the range of 20–100 µM GA, which is suitable for measurement of GA in diluted blood samples from both healthy individuals and patients with diabetes. The sensing system reported here could be applied to point‐of‐care‐testing devices for measurement of glycated proteins.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMIC AND SINTERING STUDIES IN THE COBALT‐TUNGSTEN‐CARBON SYSTEM
Authors: AKESSON L.
Published: April 2016

Die aus eingehenden dilatometrischen Untersuchungen des Sinterverhaltens von WC‐11% Co‐Proben sowohl während des Festphasen‐ als auch während des Flüssigphasensinterns erhaltenen Ergebnisse sind mit dem Phasendiagramm des Systems sowie mit den bestehenden Theorien vereinbar.
ChemInform Abstract: THE COMPLEXING OF NEPTUNIUM(V) BY SOME INORGANIC LIGANDS
Authors: RAO P. R. V. , GUDI N. M. , BAGAWDE S. V. , PATIL S. K.
Published: April 2016

Das Komplexbildungsverhalten von Np(V) gegenüber Cl‐, F‐, NO3‐, NO2‐, SO4(2‐), SCN‐ und IO3(‐); wird durch Solventextraktion mit Dinonylnaphthalinsulfonsäure als Extraktionsmittel sowie spektrophotometrisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: MELTING BEHAVIOR OF NICKEL‐CHROMIUM‐SILICON ALLOYS
Authors: LUGSCHEIDER E. , KNOTEK O. , KLOEHN K.
Published: April 2016

Die systematische DTA‐ Untersuchung erfolgt im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung niedrig schmelzender Ni‐Cr‐Si‐ Legierungen zum Hochtemp.‐Hartlöten speziell in der Reaktortechnik.
ChemInform Abstract: CONDUCTIVITY OF HIGHLY CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS. III. WATER+AMMONIUM NITRATE+RUBIDIUM NITRATE SYSTEM
Authors: SHARMA R. C. , JAIN R. K. , GAUR H. C.
Published: April 2016

Die Leitfähigkeiten des Titelsystems mit bis zu 5.15 stöchiometrischen mol‐% RbNO3 und H20/NH4NO3 ‐Molverhältnissen zwischen 1 und 6 werden bei 275 ‐345 K gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: NONAQUEOUS LITHIUM‐TITANIUM DIOXIDE CELL
Authors: OHZUKU T. , TAKEHARA Z. , YOSHIZAWA S.
Published: April 2016

Die Leistungscharakteristik und der Reaktionsmechanismus der galvanischen Zelle A wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF OXYGEN REDUCTION ON CARBON MATERIALS IN ALKALINE SOLUTION
Authors: APPLEBY A. J. , MARIE J.
Published: April 2016

Die Sauerstoffreduktion in alkalischer Lösung an einer großen Anzahl von Kohlenstoffmaterialien (Ruße, Aktivkohlen und Graphite) wird mit der Methode der "ultradünnen" porösen Elektrode als Funktion von pH, KOH‐Konzentration, O2‐Partialdruck und Temp. untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF PERCHLORATE ADSORPTION UPON THE REDUCTION RATE OF COPPER(II) IN PERCHLORIC ACID AT A DROPPING MERCURY ELECTRODE
Authors: PICCARDI G. , GUIDELLI R.
Published: April 2016

Anhand Wechselstrom‐polarographischer Messungen erhaltene kinetische Daten für die Cu2 ‐Reduktion sind mit einem Datensatz kompatibel, in dem der partiellen Verdrängung von 2‐Molekülen aus der äußeren Helmholtz‐Schicht durch adsorbierte C10; Rechnung getragen wird.
ChemInform Abstract: VOLTAMMETRIC INVESTIGATION OF THE TWO STEP REDUCTION PROCESS OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN ALKALINE HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS ON HMDE
Authors: BEDNARKIEWICZ E. , KUBLIK Z.
Published: April 2016

Die Untersuchungen bestätigen, daß der l. der beiden HzOg‐Reduktionspeaks katalytischer Natur ist, wobei Spuren von Fe(III) als Katalysator wirken.
ChemInform Abstract: THE RESISTANCE OF MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEELS TO CORROSION IN ALKALINE DETERGENT SOLUTION
Authors: ALDERISIO A. , BREVAGLIERI B. , SIGNORELLI G.
Published: April 2016

Das Korrosionsverhalten einiger handelsüblicher und im Labor hergestellter martensitischer rostfreier Stähle in einer alkalischen synthetischen Detergenzlösung wird bei 25 und 65°C anhand potentiodynamischer Kurven der einfachen und cyclischen anodischen Polarisation und chronoamperometrischer Kurven untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, COMPOSITION, AND ION EXCHANGE PROPERTTIES OF TIN(IV) AND CHROMIUM(III) ARSENOPHOSPHATES: SEPARATION OF METAL IONS
Authors: VARSHNEY K. G. , KHAN A. A.
Published: April 2016

Es wird versucht, aus Mischungen der Lösungen des Metalls, von Na2HAsO4‐ 7 H2O und von Na3PO4°C 12 H2O Arsenophosphate der Metalle Cr(III), W(VI), Ni(II), Mo(VI), Sn(IV), Pb(II), Ba(II), Mg(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Ca(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Al(III), V(V)′ und Mn(II) darzustellen.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOADSORPTION AND PHOTODESORPTION OF OXYGEN ON HIGHLY HYDROXYLATED TITANIUM DIOXIDE SURFACES. PART 1. ROLE OF HYDROXYL GROUPS IN PHOTOADSORPTION
Authors: MUNUERA G. , RIVES‐ARNAU V. , SAUCEDO A. , GONZALEZ‐ELIPE A. R. , SORIA J.
Published: April 2016

Die UV‐Photoaktivität von TiO2‐Proben (Anatas P25) mit "vollständig hydroxylierter Oberfläche" wird in Gegenwart von O2 mittels Druckmessungen, thermoanalytisch und IR‐spektroskopisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ADSORPTION OF WATER VAPOR ON EVAPORATED GERMANIUM FILMS. AN INFRARED STUDY
Authors: METCALFE A. , SHANKAR S. U.
Published: April 2016

Die Wechselwirkung von H2O‐Dampf mit Ge‐Aufdampfschichten ist ein sehr komplexer Vorgang.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF OXIDATION OF BROMIDE IONS BY AQUACERIUM(IV) IONS IN AQUEOUS PERCHLORATE MEDIA
Authors: WELLS C. F. , NAZER A. F. M.
Published: April 2016

Die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion A ist 1. Ordnung bezüglich [Ce(IV)aq] und 2. Ordnung bezüglich [Br‐] und [H+] (stopped‐flow‐Spektrophotometrie).
ChemInform Abstract: MICROGRAVIMETRY ON THE HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION OF SHORT RANGE ORDERED CRYSTALS OF NEAR COPPER COMPOUND WITH GOLD (AU2CU3) COMPOSITION
Authors: MOELLER P. J.
Published: April 2016

Mit Hilfe der UHV‐Gravimetrie wird die Kinetik der isothermen Oxidation von Cu zu Cu2O an den (100)‐Oberflächen von Au2Cu3‐Einkristallen im Temp.‐Bereich 775‐885 K und bei O2‐Drücken zwischen 5 μTorr und 2 mTorr untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN FORM OF STILBITE, HEULANDITE AND CLINOPTILOLITE ZEOLITES
Authors: JACOBS P. A. , UYTTERHOEVEN J. B. , BEYER H. K. , KISS A.
Published: April 2016

Die NH4‐Formen von natürlichem Stilbit, Klinoptilolith und Heulandit werden durch Ionenaustausch hergestellt und ihre thermische Stabilität mit der des Stamminerals verglichen.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF THE BINARY COMPOUNDS GALLIUM SULFIDE, GALLIUM SELENIDE AND GALLIUM TELLURIDE
Authors: WADSTEN T.
Published: April 2016

Aus den TG‐Kurven für die 3 Chalkogenide geht hervor, daß ihre Zers. bei ca. 800°C einsetzt und vollständige Verflüchtigung von GaS, GaSe bzw. GaTe bei 1000, 950 bzw. 1100°C l erreicht ist.
ChemInform Abstract: OXOFLUOROTITANATES
Authors: SENGUPTA A. K. , ADHIKARI S. K. , DASGUPTA H. S.
Published: April 2016

Eine neue Reihe von Verbindungen mit der allgemeinen Formel MTiOF3 (I)‐(V) sowie 3 weitere Oxofluorotitanate (VI), (IX) und (X) werden aus wäßrigen (meist acetathaltigen) Lösungen von TiF4 und dem entsprechenden Kation ausgefällt und durch chemische Analyse sowie röntgenographisch charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: INFLUENCE OF THE PREPARATION HISTORY OF α‐IRON(III) OXIDE ON ITS REACTIVITY FOR HYDROGEN REDUCTION
Authors: SHIMOKAWABE M. , FURUICHI R. , ISHII T.
Published: April 2016

Durch thermische Zers. von 7 Fe‐Salzen im O2‐Strom, in Luft oder N2 bei Temp. von 500‐ 1200°C (l h) und unter Verwendung von 13 Metallionen wie Cu" oder N i" als Dotierungsagenzien werden eine Reihe von α‐Fe2O3‐Proben dargestellt und ihre Reaktivität gegenüber H, durch TG‐Messung der initialen Reduktionstemp. Tj bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: SILVER MONO‐, DI‐ AND TETRATUNGSTATES
Authors: MCKECHNIE J. S. , TURNER L. D. S. , VINCENT C. A. , BONINO F. , LAZZARI M. , RIVOLTA B.
Published: April 2016

Ag2WO4 wird durch Fällung aus 0.5 M Naz‐ WO4‐Lösung mittels einer AgNO3‐Lösung ähnlicher Konzentration dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: MOLTEN LITHIUM NITRATE‐POTASSIUM NITRATE EUTECTIC: SOME REACTIONS OF COPPER(II) AND OF METALLIC SILVER
Authors: FROUZANFAR H. , KERRIDGE D. H.
Published: April 2016

Cu(NO3)2·3H2O läßt sich in eutektischer LiNO3/KNO3‐ Schmelze mittels einer Rotationspumpe bei 140°C (4 h) dehydratisieren.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF DL‐7,8‐EPIALANTOLACTONE. A TANDEM SN2′ DEHYDROBROMINATION‐ORGANOCUPRATE ADDITION EXEMPLIFIED
Authors: SCHULTZ A. G. , GODFREY J. D. , ARNOLD E. V. , CLARDY J.
Published: April 2016

Das tricyclische Lacton (Ia) unterliegt in CCl4 unter Rückfluß bei Einwirkung mit N‐Bromsuccinimid selektiver Bromierung zu (Ib), das durch Cyanohydridoborat zu (II) reduziert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROGENATION OF SMALL MOLECULES BY TRANSITION METAL CLUSTER HYDRIDES. REACTION OF DECACARBONYLDIHYDROTRIOSMIUM WITH CARBON DISULFIDE
Authors: ADAMS R. D. , GOLEMBESKI N. M.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung bildet mit siedendem Schwefelkohlenstoff das S‐CH2‐S ‐ verbrückte Produkt (I).
ChemInform Abstract: TAUTOMERISM IN N‐HETEROCYCLES. IV. PYRAZINO(2,3‐D)PYRIDAZINE‐5,8‐DIOL
Authors: BARLIN G. B.
Published: April 2016

Die neutrale Titelverbindung liegt in Wasser vorwiegend als Form (I) vor.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION AND INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLIZATION OF 6‐IODO‐1‐PHENYL‐1‐HEXYNE AND 6‐BROMO‐1‐PHENYL‐1‐HEXYNE AT MERCURY CATHODES IN DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
Authors: WILLETT B. C. , MOORE W. M. , SALAJEGHEH A. , PETERS D. G.
Published: April 2016

Die Polarogramme der Hexine (I) in DMF und in Gegenwart von Tetra‐n‐butyl‐ammoniumperchlorat weisen 3 Halbstufen auf, deren erste von einem erheblichen, konzentrationsabhängigen Stromstärkemaximum überlagert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF THE REACTIONS OF PHENYLKETENE DIMETHYL ACETAL WITH AZOCARBOXYLATE ESTERS
Authors: HALL J. H. , WOJCIECHOWSKA M.
Published: April 2016

Phenylketendimethylacetal (I) reagiert mit den Diacyl‐azoverbindungen (II) zum Addukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR GENERAL ACID CATALYSIS IN THE HYDROLYSIS OF ACETALS WITH ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL LEAVING GROUPS
Authors: FIFE T. H. , PRZYSTAS T. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Hydrolyse des Acetals (I) in 50proz. Dioxan‐H2O wird durch die COOH‐Gruppe des Salicylrestes nicht aber durch die des Phthalaldehydrestes beschleunigt.
ChemInform Abstract: VINYLIC CATIONS FROM SOLVOLYSIS. 27. SOLVOLYSIS OF AN OPTICALLY ACTIVE VINYL BROMIDE
Authors: RAPPOPORT Z. , GREENBALTT J.
Published: April 2016

Das optisch aktive Vinylbromid (I), das durch Reduktion des entsprechenden Ketons mit LiAlH4 in Gegenwart von (‐)‐Chinin entsteht, wird bei ca. 50°C in gepuffertem Trifluorethanol zum Ketal (II) solvolysiert.
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOMETALLIC REACTIONS WITH CYANOGEN
Authors: GAUTHIER R. , CHASTRETTE M.
Published: April 2016

Sukzessive lassen sich zwei Mol Metallorganyl an Dicyan (II) addieren, wobei zweimal dieselbe oder auch zwei unterschiedliche Organometallverbindungen (I), (V) eingesetzt werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: HALOGENATED KETENES. 31. CYCLOADDITION OF DICHLOROKETENE WITH HINDERED OLEFINS
Authors: BAK D. A. , BRADY W. T.
Published: April 2016

Das aus Trichloracetylchlorid (I) in situ hergestellte Dichlorketen (II) reagiert mit Tetramethylethylen (III) zu einem Addukt (IV), das mit Lithiumalanat in hohen Ausbeuten zum chlorfreien Keton (V) reduziert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOLYSIS OF ANTHRACENE ENDOPEROXIDES. CONCERTED VS. DIRADICAL MECHANISMS. MICROSCOPIC REVERSIBILITY IN ENDOTHERMIC CHEMILUMINESCENT REACTIONS
Authors: TURRO N. J. , CHOW M.‐F. , RIGAUDY J.
Published: April 2016

Die Thermolyse der Anthracenendoperoxide (I) bzw. (III) führte in endothermer Reaktion zu molekularem Sauerstoff und den Anthracenen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: PERFLUOROALKYL DERIVATIVES OF NITROGEN. PART XLVI. THERMOLYSIS AND PHOTOLYSIS S OF HEPTAFLUORO‐1‐NITROSOPROPANE
Authors: BANKS R. E. , FLOWERS W. T. , HASZELDINE R. N.
Published: April 2016

Bei der thermischen Zersetzung des Nitrosopropans (I) wird neben der Nitroverbindung (III) und dem Hydroxylaminderivat (IV) hauptsächlich das Imidsäurefluorid (II) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF SOLVENTS ON THE KINETICS OF THE CONDENSATION OF DIMETHYL PHOSPHITE WITH CHLORAL
Authors: VORONTSOVA N. A. , VLASOV O. N. , MEL'NIKOV N. N.
Published: April 2016

Die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion zwischen Chloral (II) und Dimethylphosphit (I) verringert sich mit zunehmender Polarität der verwendeten Lösungsmittel (Hexan, Tetrachlorkohlenstoff, Dioxan, Benzol, Anisol, Tetrahydrofuran, Acetonitril).
ChemInform Abstract: IPSO‐SUBSTITUTION WITH THE SODIUM SALT OF N‐ALKYL‐P‐NITROBENZENESULFONAMIDE. A NOVEL ANIONIC REARRANGEMENT
Authors: MUELLER P. , NGUYEN‐THI NGUYEN‐THI , MINH PHUONG MINH PHUONG
Published: April 2016

Beim Erhitzen des Sulfonamids (I) mit NaCN in HMPA wird überraschend das Nitranilin (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL REARRANGEMENT OF 2‐OXABICYCLO(3.3.1)NON‐7‐EN‐3‐ONES; A NOVEL LACTONE REARRANGEMENT
Authors: FRATER G.
Published: April 2016

Iodlactonisierung der bekannten Säure v(+)‐(I) mit anschließender Eliminierung ergibt das Lacton (+)‐(II) als Diastereomerengemisch und als Nebenprodukt ( 1S,3R,6R)‐α,6‐Dimethyl‐7‐oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan‐3‐essigsäure (isoliert in 31proz. Ausb. als Methylester).
ChemInform Abstract: POLAR SUBSTITUENT EFFECTS IN TRIPLET QUENCHING. EXCITATION TRANSFER AND CYCLOADDITION
Authors: CALDWELL R. A. , CREED D. , MAW T.‐S.
Published: April 2016

Die Triplettlöschung der Cyanphenanthrene (I) und (II) durch die trans‐Styrole (III), deren Geschwindigkeitskonstanten von 2.2‐107 bis l.3‐ 109 /mol°s variieren, führt zu erheblicher trans‐cis‐Isomerisierung (Quantenausb.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL TITRATION OF THERMALLY GENERATED TRIPLETS
Authors: ADAM W. , CHENG C.‐C. , CUETO O. , SAKANISHI K. , ZINNER K.
Published: April 2016

In Benzollösung kann durch das Ausmaß der Di‐n‐methan‐Isomerisierung des Norborna‐ diens (I) in das tricyclische Produkt (II), das durch Gas‐Flüssigkeitschromatographie ermittelt wird, z.B. die Menge des aus (III) oder (IV) thermisch erzeugten Triplett‐ Acetons (31 bzw. v 1.1%) bestimmt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemische Reaktionen. 103. Mitt. Zur Photochemie konjugierter Epoxy‐en‐carbonylverbindungen der Jonon‐Reihe: UV‐Bestrahlung α,β‐ungesättigter ϵ‐Oxo‐γ,δ‐epoxy‐carbonylverbindungen und Untersuchung des Mechanismus der Epoxy‐enon/Furan‐Isomerisierung.
Authors: FREI B. , DE WECK G. , MUELLEN K. , WOLF H. R. , JEGER O.
Published: April 2016

Die Photoreaktion der Titelverbindungen (Ia) bzw. (Ib) bei verschiedenen Wellenlängen zu den angegebenen Produkten [als weiteres Produkt aus (Ia) ‐ gebildet bei der Aufarbeitung ‐ wird das Diketon (VI) gefunden] wird beschrieben ( die Proz.‐Angaben bezeichnen den jeweiligen Produktanteil; die Umsetzungen liegen bei 70‐88%).
ChemInform Abstract: LOW TEMPERATURE PHOTOLYSIS OF 5‐METHOXYCARBONYL‐5H‐BENZOCYCLOHEPTENE: EXCLUSIVE FORMATION OF 1‐ENDO‐METHOXYCARBONYL‐1A,7B‐DIHYDRO‐1H‐CYCLOPROPA(A)NAPHTHALENE
Authors: KATO M. , TAKATOKU K. , ITO S. , MIWA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse von Methoxycarbonyl‐benzocyöloheptenen (I) und (III) zu (II) wird ausführlich untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF N‐ALKYLPYRROLIDINONES IN THE GAS PHASE AND IN SOLUTION
Authors: MAZZOCCHI P. H. , THOMAS J. , DANISI F.
Published: April 2016

Die Zersetzung des N‐Methyl‐pyrrolidons (I) in der Gasphase und in Lösung wird untersucht, und für die Reaktionsprodukt (II)‐(VIII) werden die Anteile in Relation zu den Be‐ dingungen sowie die Zwischenstufen und Mechanismen bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: POLAR RADICALS. 12. A REINVESTIGATION AND REAPPRAISAL OF THE APPARENT POLAR EFFECTS OBSERVED DURING THE REACTIONS OF TERT‐BUTYL RADICALS. DECOMPOSITION OF 2,2′‐AZOISOBUTANE AND TERT‐BUTYL PERPIVALATE IN SUBSTITUTED TOLUENES
Authors: TANNER D. D. , SAMAL P. W. , RUO T. C‐S. , HENRIQUEZ R.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse eines Gemisches aus der Azoverbindung (I) und dem Thiophenol (II) in den Toluolen (III) ergibt außer Stickstoff die Kohlenwasserstoffe (IV)‐(VI) und das Sulfid (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF ABSOLUTE RATES OF HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION BY TERT‐BUTOXY RADICALS. A FLASH PHOTOLYSIS ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY
Authors: WONG S. K.
Published: April 2016

Die erhaltenen absoluten Geschwindigkeitskonstanten bei 20°C mit Cyclopentan, Anisol, Methyl‐tert.‐butylether und Methanol als Donatoren liegen mit 2.4 ‐ 104 ‐ 8.1 ‐ lO4/mo1′ sum etwa den Faktor 1.5 über früheren Werten.
ChemInform Abstract: STABILITIES OF ISOMERIC HALONIUM IONS C2H4X+ (X = CHLORINE, BROMINE) BY PHOTOIONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ION CYCLOTRON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE RELATIVE STABILITIES OF CYCLIC AND ACYCLIC ISOMERIC ONIUM IONS
Authors: BERMAN D. W. , ANICICH V. , BEAUCHAMP J. L.
Published: April 2016

Während die acyclischen Chloroniumionen um 5.6 kcal/mol stabiler sind als die cyclischen Ionen, ist bei den Bromoniumionen umgekehrt das cyclische stabiler (1.4 kcal/mol) als das acyclische Isomere.