bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security and Privacy Requirements Engineering
Authors: Mead Nancy R. , Abu-Nimeh Saeed
Published: February 2015

Security requirements engineering identifies security risks in software in the early stages of the development cycle. In this chapter, the authors present the SQUARE security requirements method. They integrate privacy requirements into SQUARE to identify privacy risks in addition to security risks. They then present a privacy elicitation technique and subsequently combine security risk assessment techniques with privacy risk assessment techniques. The authors discuss prototype tools that have been developed to support SQUARE for security and privacy as well as recent workshops that have focused on additional results in the security and privacy requirements area. Finally, the authors suggest future research and case studies needed to further contribute to early lifecycle activities that will address security and privacy-related issues.
Health IT
Authors: Onwubiko Cyril
Published: February 2015

Health IT is the use of Information Technology (IT) in healthcare to improve patients' experience, enable quality care, efficiency, speed, and security of the collection, exchange, sharing, and storage of sensitive personal information. But Health IT faces a number of notable challenges ranging from privacy risks to trust and confidence in the use of EHRs. In this chapter, a framework for conducting Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) of Health IT projects is discussed. Privacy impact assessment is a process through which privacy risks are assessed. The chapter includes recommendations for mitigating identified risks and ensuring compliance to policy and processes for handling and processing of highly sensitive and Personally Identifiable Information (PII).
Do We Need Security Management Systems for Data Privacy?
Authors: Boehmer Wolfgang
Published: February 2015

The importance of personal data and managing them is increasing worldwide. However first, one must be able to distinguish between data, information, and knowledge, before one turns to protecting them. Furthermore, it must be considered that, in open systems, security is a relative term and can be characterized only with the term risk. This suggests that security is not a state in open and dynamic systems but can only be maintained on a pre-defined level (conservation status) with a security management system. Data privacy therefore requires security management systems to ensure sustainable protection at a previously defined level. Pure guidelines and policies are just not sufficient for the protection of data in open systems, as is typical in companies.
Trust and Trust Building of Virtual Communities in the Networked Age
Authors: Zou Qing , Park Eun G.
Published: February 2015

This is the networked age, when people participate in various virtual communities through a platform or network of communities. Members of the communities communicate in faster and more simultaneous interactions in invisible ways. Since the importance of trust in virtual communities has been widely recognized, trust as a complex, multi-faceted, and context-dependent concept has been examined by many researchers in several disciplines. In this chapter, the authors aim to examine the definitions and characteristics of trust in the context of virtual communities and discuss terms relevant to the concept and types of trust. Relevant issues on trust and trust building in virtual communities are discussed, and future research directions are suggested for further study.
The Security, Privacy, and Ethical Implications of Social Networking Sites
Authors: Warren M. J. , Leitch S.
Published: February 2015

The chapter investigates the security and ethical issues relating to privacy and security. This chapter also examines the ethical issues of new forms of bullying that are being played out weekly in the media: cyber bulling, specifically on SNS such as Facebook. The traditional and direct forms of bullying are being replaced by consistent abuse via SNS due to the ease and accessibility of these new forms of communications.
Guidance for Selecting Data Collection Mechanisms for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Larson Ulf , Jonsson Erland , Lindskog Stefan
Published: February 2015

This chapter aims at providing a clear and concise picture of data collection for intrusion detection. It provides a detailed explanation of generic data collection mechanism components and the interaction with the environment, from initial triggering to output of log data records. Taxonomies of mechanism characteristics and deployment considerations are provided and discussed. Furthermore, guidelines and hints for mechanism selection and deployment are provided. Finally, this chapter presents a set of strategies for determining what data to collect, and it also discusses some of the challenges in the field. An appendix providing a classification of 50 studied mechanisms is also provided. This chapter aims at assisting intrusion detection system developers, designers, and operators in selecting mechanisms for resource-efficient data collection.
Influence of Combined Mean Stresses on Lifetime under High-Cycle Fatigue
Authors: Janoušek Jaromír , Balda Miroslav , Chocholoušek Michal
Published: February 2015

This study builds on experiments with different combinations of tension and torsion pre-stresses which were published in [1]. The results were particularized by new tests for combined pre-stresses in normal and shear components. The ratio between normal and shear pre-stresses was 3:2 in agreement with the coefficient kc. The same material structural low carbon ČSN 41 1523.1 steel after normalization annealing was used for specimens. The results were compiled and displayed in a three-dimensional Haigh diagram with normalized coordinates and interlaid by corresponding terminal lines.
Micromechanical Properties of Spruce Tissues Using Static Nanoindentation and Modulus Mapping
Authors: Prošek Zdeněk , Topič Jaroslav , Tesárek Pavel , Indrová Kateřina , Nežerka Václav , Klapálek Pavel , Králík Vlastimil
Published: February 2015

This paper discusses characterization of physical and mechanical properties of tissues of Norway spruce. Cell wall is composed of several layers, which is, due to their small size, difficult to characterize. For this reason, the work uses a combination of methods, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and nanoindentation. AFM is used to determine the topography of samples and nanoindentation to determine micromechanical properties of wood tissues. Prepared samples of glue laminated timber were tested by quasi-static and dynamic nanoindentation (modulus mapping technique) method.
Neutron Diffraction Studies of Residual Stress Distribution in the Vicinity of the Single Pass Fillet Steel Welds
Authors: Mráz Ľuboš , Karlsson Leif , Vrána Miroslav , Mikula Pavol
Published: February 2015

In this contribution the results of residual strain/stress measurements performed on several single pass fillet steel welds which were carried out at different welding conditions, namely, with different filler materials are presented.
Experimental Study of Mechanical Behavior of HPL Composites
Authors: Žaludek Milan , Rusnáková Soňa , Fojtl Ladislav , Rusnák Vladimír
Published: February 2015

The paper provides experimental results from tensile and flexural tests of HPL composites. Mechanical properties of HPL laminates from four worldwide producers (Fundermax, Polyrey, Abet and Rexin) are compared. Composites are compared due to their stiffness and strength, both tensile and flexural. The exterior environment effect on mechanical behaviour of composites in service load conditions are presented too.
Stress-Controlled Fatigue Testing of E-Glass Epoxy Composite: Monitoring of Micro-Damage
Authors: Měšťánek Petr , Laš Vladislav
Published: February 2015

The paper deals with progressive and fatigue damage of long fiber E-glass epoxy composite, its residual stiffness degradation and corresponding transverse matrix crack density induced by load-controlled tension. Constant-amplitude fatigue tests in repeated tension of plain [±60]S; [±30]S; [0]8 and [0/902/±45/90]S samples were performed. Sudden onset of transverse matrix cracking and consequent gradual increase of its density has been observed in off-axis plies. The crack density increases with increasing number of cycles or load. Consequently, residual stiffness of the laminate decreases. It has been concluded that progressive/fatigue damage of the laminate is not a continuous homogenous process but the series of discrete sudden events emerging at ply level.
Characteristics of PU Foam at Long Term Static and Dynamic Loading
Authors: Fliegel Vítězslav , Martonka Rudolf
Published: February 2015

Characteristics cushions from PU foam together with coat determine comfort automobile seats. Frame of car seat with cushion from PU foam and cover serve like body rest. Also perform safety rules, that are demanded on car seat. Cushion in car seat is basically manufactured from PU foam. Experimental testing their property investigate correlation between their characteristic and comfort. One type of experiment is combination static and dynamic loading in medium term time interval . Subject research and content hereof article is recognition transmission characteristics and contact pressures cushions from PU foams in time interval two o'clock in turns static and dynamically weight constant loading.
Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol Concentration on the Mechanical Properties of Collagen/Polyvinyl Alcohol Blends
Authors: Vesely Jan , Horny Lukas , Chlup Hynek , Beran Milos , Krajicek Milan , Zitny Rudolf
Published: February 2015

The effects of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration on mechanical properties of hydrogels based on blends of native or denatured collagen / PVA were examined. Blends of PVA with collagen were obtained by mixing the solutions in different ratios, using glycerol as a plasticizer. The solutions were cast on polystyrene plates and the solvent was allowed to evaporate at room temperature. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed in order to obtain the initial modulus of elasticity (up to deformation 0.1), the ultimate tensile stress and the deformation at failure of the material in the water-saturated hydrogel form. It was found that the material was elastic and the addition of PVA helped to enhance both the ultimate tensile stress and modulus of elasticity of the films. Samples prepared from denaturated collagen showed the higher ultimate tensile stress and the deformation at failure in comparison with those prepared from native collagen. The results suggest that we could expect successful application of the collagen/PVA biomaterial for tissue engineering.
FEM Modelling and Experimental Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Artificial Blood Vessel
Authors: Vosáhlo Josef , Novák Ondřej , Petrů Michal , Lepšík Petr
Published: February 2015

This article deals with a study and optimization of technology for a production of low-diameter biodegradable vascular grafts using modified electrospinning device. This production method allows preparation of grafts with diameter under 6 mm, which serve as carriers of tissue cells. Also their production and establishing of a simulation model, which describes their behaviour under internal pressure. For this purpose spinning device was created with a rotary collector, which allows obtaining the desired fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. This orientation is necessary for the efficient proliferation of cells and future mechanical properties of artificial blood vessels. Formations created in this way were subjected to mechanical testing. Based on obtained data a suitable material model and FEM model of artificial vessels was established. These vessels were loaded with internal pressure corresponding with standard blood pressure in human body (120/80 mmHg). The results allow assessing the behaviour of the blood vessels during cultivation and proliferation of the cells in bioreactor. This is very important, because in bioreactor a medium, which pulsed under some pressure, is applied. Based on the obtained results were recommended optimization of production process, which led to suitable vessel properties.
Estimation of Crack Depth and Profile Using DCPD Method in Full Scale Railway Axle Loaded by Rotating Bending
Authors: Černý Ivo
Published: February 2015

The paper contains results of a study aimed at exploring possibilities of use of direct current potential drop (DCPD) method for evaluation of depth and profile of cracks occurred under or near press fitted hubs in a full-scale axle during severe rotating bending loading. DCPD method was applied on section of an axle after fatigue by a specific way and potentials were measured in several circumferential areas of the axle section, when direct current passed longitudinally. Results are analysed and discussed. It was indicated that unlike previous use of the method for crack measurement of different components, even large and complicated, described in the literature, when potentials corresponded to ratio of cracked and uncracked area, in this case of approximately circumferential crack, measured potentials correspond better to relative crack depth in the relevant point of the circumference.
Creep Deformation of High Pressure Steam Turbine Part
Authors: Straka František , Albl Pavel , Pánek Pavel
Published: February 2015

Steam turbines are complex rotating machines working at high pressure and high temperature levels. Their high-pressure parts, which are subjected to the highest steam parameters, are most affected by these conditions and may suffer from creep deformation. Permanent changes in geometry become visible in high-pressure turbine casings when they are disassembled after certain time in operation.
Experimental Analysis of the Operational Loads on Agricultural Machine
Authors: Syrovátka Pavel , Dynybyl Vojtěch
Published: February 2015

This article deals about experimental analysis of the operational loads on the agricultural machine in real conditions. The goal of this work is to gain boundary conditions which stress frame, joints, screw connections, bearings and other parts of agricultural machines.
Comparison of Various Means of Attachment of High Temperature Strain Gauge
Authors: Cagáň Jan , Rosa Jindřich , Rösler Filip
Published: February 2015

The article deals with problems of high temperature strain gauge measurements. A preliminary experimental work for purpose of mastery of this technique after a longer break has been kicked off in VZLÚ. Initially, possibilities of usage of commercial products and two means of strain gauge attachment were verified.
Experimental Determination of Wheel and Guiding Forces on the Tracks
Authors: Pazdera Lubos , Smutny Jaroslav , Topolář Libor
Published: February 2015

Force interaction between a railway track and a vehicle affects the safety, comfort, and last but not least, economical maintenance. Train of wagons incidence on track in both transversal and vertical direction is simplified by qualifying of force wheel (FQ), guiding (FY) and perpendicular and transverse acceleration. An experimental basis for dynamic determination of vertical, FQ, and lateral, FY, forces at the wheel using strain measures in the foot of the rail is given. Measurements of the dynamic forces during passing train are normally very costly and uneasy. These method consists of measuring strains at selected points of the rail profile is very simple and therefore interesting.
Analysis of the Operational Loading of the Strip Mine Conveyer Drive
Authors: Václavík Jaroslav , Bohdan Petr
Published: February 2015

This paper demonstrates the operational stress analysis, performed on the strip mine conveyer drive after the damage has occurred at the second installed gear box. According the long term test it has been found; that the damage was probably caused due to the different breaking moment, introduced on both drives. The examples of measured time histories as well as the evaluation and comparison of measured data are presented, too.
Stress and Motion Analysis of Tram Gearbox Hinge
Authors: Dub Martin , Kolář Josef , Lopot František , Dynybyl Vojtěch , Berka Ondřej
Published: February 2015

During working of tram the chassis are dynamically loaded through acceleration, deceleration, passage curves and evidently by the roughness of the rail track. These added dynamic loads can significantly increase wearing of the chassis components and drive. In the case of tested tram problems with bearing housing into gear box occurred. Too rigid hinge bedding can cause additional parasitic load to bearings. It is desirable to investigate its stress state during acceleration, deceleration and other common drive regimes. For this purpose, strain gauges are used. Moreover, for the verification and better description of gearbox suspension behaviour, the Qualisys system for capturing and evaluating motion is used. Acquired data are processed in software Matlab and in user interface of the Qualisys software.
Vibroisolation of Vibratory Conveyors
Authors: Pešík Marek , Němeček Pavel
Published: February 2015

Vibratory conveyors are used especially within serial productions for the transport of diverse materials and parts for assembling. The desired oscillating movement is accomplished by electromagnetic exciting forces. The exciting force of this dynamic system actuates between the carrying element and the inertial mass. The inertial mass is fixed to the ground by an elastic constraint using a relatively stiff rubber spring. This elastic constraint ensures the conveyor’s stability and defines its position towards the assembly line, but does not meet relevant effective vibration isolation demands. One possible solution would be a vibratory conveyor air suspension as is being introduced below.
Residual Stress Analysis in Containers for Transport of Radioactive Materials
Authors: Trebuňa František , Šimčák František , Pástor Miroslav , Šarga Patrik
Published: February 2015

During verification of safe operation of containers for radioactive waste is possible to use analytical, numerical and experimental methods of mechanics. Determination of residual stresses was one part of analysis. The residual stresses in container body can be induced during their production, overloading during operation, radiation or by thermal processes. In the paper are presented results from analysis of residual stresses in containers by using strain-gage hole-drilling method.
Design and Implementation of Testing Stand for Gearboxes of Railway Vehicles
Authors: Chmelař Jakub , Petr Karel , Dynybyl Vojtěch , Křepela Jan
Published: February 2015

Published paper summarizes development of unique testing stand for experimental testing of railway vehicle gearboxes under dynamic impact and torque load. There is presented a description of design of main parts. Paper also previews the process of implementation and first run-in tests including figures from tuning process and a picture of final design.
Assessment of Reliability and Overall Life-Time of the Turbo Generator in the Lipno Power Station
Authors: Tej Petr , Tejová Alena , Marková Jana
Published: February 2015

This paper presents the results of visual inspection and the theoretical analysis of steel structure of the upper star of the Kaplan turbo generator in the Lipno power station in the Czech Republic. Based on the number of load cycles and the finding of the maximum stress range of critical details of the most loaded part, the upper star, the residual life-time of the turbo generator was determined.
On the Performance of Single-Lap Bonded Joints with Embedded Optical Fibers
Authors: Dvořák Milan , Růžička Milan
Published: February 2015

This article describes experimental research on properties of adhesive joints with embedded optical fibers. The objective was to determine whether fibers may cause a reduction of mechanical properties of joints. Specimens with single-lap joint for tensile test were made with various configurations of optical fibers in an adhesive layer. Shear strength and fatigue life tests were performed and results were evaluated using the statistical analysis methods.
Experimental Evaluation of Tensile Forces in Short Steel Rods
Authors: Polak Michal , Plachy Tomáš
Published: February 2015

There are a lot of structures in building and civil engineering where the significant structural elements are loaded by large tensile forces (e.g. tension bars of building structures). In many practical cases it is important to know the actual value of tensile forces in tensile structural elements for assessment of their reliability. The four experimental techniques are used for determination of tensile forces in practice most often. The vibration frequency method, which is one of them, is very suitable for experiments done only one time or sometimes, especially in cases when the examined structural elements are already activated and the application of an experimental method is necessary in this situation. The experiment described in this paper was focused on the tensile force determination in steel rods, which were very short and relatively stiff. The evaluated tensile forces of the investigated short steel rods were affected by a significant error when only the simplest models (the string model, the simply supported beam and the fixed beam) and measured natural frequencies were applied. In order to precise the determined tensile forces, the theoretical beam model supported by simple supports with torsion springs (“the elastically fixed beam”) and the measured natural modes of the rods had to be necessarily taken into account.
Effect of Distribution of Knots on the Strength of the Glued Laminated Timber Beams
Authors: Klapálek Pavel , Melzerová Lenka
Published: February 2015

This article will examine the effect of the knots distribution on strength of glued laminated timber beams. A finite element model was made to simulate glued laminated timber beams with defects (knots) to simulate and predict behavior in areas containing knots while bending. This model was then compared with results from static bending test of glued laminated timber beam. The initial position of the rupture was then compared with FEM model [6], so the influence of knots on strength could be determined.
Creep of Cement Pastes with Content of Fly Ash one Year Old
Authors: Padevět Pavel , Bittnar Petr
Published: February 2015

The paper discusses the creep cement pastes with addition of fly ash. The evolution of the creep was observed in age of one year, for length one month. The size of the creep is influenced by the amount the creep physically bound water. The material properties depend on the ratio of components from which the cement paste is composed. The paper presents the results of creep measurement for the ratio of cement and fly ash 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. The basic creep and creep of the saturated cement paste were calculated from measurements.
Optimization of Fly Ash Properties for the Use in Cement and Concrete
Authors: Zobal Ondřej , Padevět Pavel , Šmilauer Vít
Published: February 2015

The use of fly ash in cement and concrete has long been a common practice. However, in the Czech Republic, one of the largest producers of fly ash in the world, there is still a great mistrust of this material. One of the main reasons is variability properties of fly ash. But standard ČSN EN 450-2 defines the possibilities of optimizing the properties of fly ash. This paper is dedicated to optimizing the properties of fly ash, namely sorting and mixing.
New Ways of Teaching Statics and Applied Structural Mechanics to Architects
Authors: Pospíšil Martin , Vavrušková Markéta , Veřtátová Eva
Published: February 2015

Education of exact and technical subjects at traditional schools of architecture faces a difficult task to bring these disciplines to students of significantly lower technical perception, now. For this reason, at the Faculty of Architecture, Czech Technical University in Prague, a series of seminars containing the design of physical and virtual models completed by measuring and static calculations to supplement existing education of statics and applied structural mechanics is currently prepared.
Development of Mechanical Properties of Cement Paste with Different Addition of Polyvinyl Alcohol
Authors: Topič Jaroslav , Tesárek Pavel , Nežerka Václav , Prošek Zdeněk , Plachy Tomáš
Published: February 2015

This paper deals with using resonance method for determine the development of the mechanical properties of cement paste with different polyvinyl alcohol content. Main properties which were monitored are the dynamic Young’s modulus and dynamic shear modulus. Those properties were measured during 161 days for better understanding of influence of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) added in the cement paste. Difference between this paper and already published articles is in several parameters. Main difference is that samples in this paper were cured on air, not in water. Moreover was used higher amount of polyvinyl alcohol on modification of cement paste.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Sheet Metal Behavior under Cyclic Tension-Compression Loading
Authors: Slota Ján , Jurčišin Miroslav , Spišák Emil , Gajdoš Ivan
Published: February 2015

Measurement of hardening under reversed uniaxial loading is because of its simplicity very effective mechanical test to achieve several important features of material behavior. In this paper is described special fixture which serves as a prevention of the sheet buckling during the cyclic tension-compression test. Result of the cyclic tension-compression test can consider several important features of the material behavior, which are necessary to be defined in the numerical simulation process. Experimental part of this paper consists of comparison results of strain path obtained from numerical simulation and real experiment. While in numerical simulation process was used material model describing isotropic hardening, real material behaved differently. Difference between strain paths also causes differences between results of springback values obtained in numerical simulation. New material models which include Bauschinger effect whether workhardening stagnation can diminish differences between results of an experiment and a numerical simulation and thus may also improve accuracy of the numerical simulation.
Favorable Areas Prediction in Jixi Basin
Authors: Wang Liu , Ma Xue Rui , Wang Jing Han , Zhou Yu Ting , Liu Xun
Published: February 2015

Based on coalbed methane geology theory, make use of coal and oil drilling data, from both of the coal reservoir characteristics and conservation conditions, Through comparative analysis of a number of geological factors of coalbed thickness, burial depth, metamorphic grade, gas content, roof and floor lithology, dip angle, etc, and found that there are many similarities between Jixi Basin and Black Warrior Basin in the United States of coalbed methane reservoir conditions. Furthermore, referred the domestic and abroad coalbed methane mining experience, a number of geological factors of Jixi Basin were made grading evaluation, optimized favorable blocks, and we found that the favorable coalbed methane target area are the F and H in the south of the basin, and the F block can be used as the preferred favorable coal exploration area.
The Tectonic Movement Intensity of Sanzhao Sag and the Influence on Oil Migration
Authors: Wang Zi Yi , Zhao Rong
Published: February 2015

Sanzhao sag is one of the main hydrocarbon generation unit in the Songliao basin, and a large number of oil and gas has been found. The distribution of oil and gas in Sanzhao sag and Daqing placantieline are obviously different, and the main reason maybe the difference of tectonic intensity. Sanzhao sag has experienced multiple tectonic movements from the formation of basin such as extrusion, stretching or subsidence, uplift. Tectonic movements change the attitude of stratum and also the time, direction and magnitude of oil and gas migration. By quantitative description of tectonic intensity in strata section, the period of oil migration is considered to begin after Nanjing group deposited. The numerical simulation results combined the quantitative description show that the gentle dip angel and weak fault activity in Sanzhao sag makes low driving force of second migration. Oil and gas migration distance is short, the direction is discrete, oil is full of sag but the trap fullness is low.
The 3D Visualization of Geological Modeling in Chengbei Oilfield Based on Phased Constraint Conditions
Authors: Su Yan Chun , Xie Jun , Li Li Yao
Published: February 2015

This paper takes Chengbei oilfield which lies in Bohai Bay as the research object, by means of the reservoir fine description, and on the basis of the modeling method to undertake the study of geological modeling based on the sedimentary microfacies constrains. For tectonic features and geological characteristics of Chengbei oil field, and based on the results of well logging interpretation, the author starts the study of sedimentary microfacies by the means of stochastic simulation quantitatively, applying the distribution of the restricted logging reservoir parameter according to the results of sedimentary microfacies research. The author establishes 3D visualized geological modeling which is a need to Reservoir numerical simulation research and calculated the geological reserves continually and then come to verify the expected method is feasible. The paper also provide a geological basis for the later reservoir numerical simulation and designing adjusting plan of reservoir exploitation.
Connotation of Iron Ore Tailings Comprehensive Utilization
Authors: Li Yu Feng , Wang Xiao Yu , Bao Jing Ling , Zhang Jin Rui
Published: February 2015

This paper concludes what the comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings is through analysis, and in order to develop and use the iron ore tailings, comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings shall be the precondition of the iron ore tailing integrated utilization; comprehensive utilization means efficient, clean, and sustainable utilization; which can guiding the development and use of iron ore tailings.
The Application of Dynamic Development Data in Low-Permeability Reservoir Water Flooded Layer Identification
Authors: Zhang Mei Ling , Guo Fei , Lin Jian Hua
Published: February 2015

Due to the influence of the environment of measurement and complex pore structure in low-permeability reservoir, we use single-well logging data alone to discriminate the degree of reservoir flooded has multiple solutions. In the water flooding procedures, water well and oil well have formed a dynamic developing unit. And with the water propelling, some sand bodies were flooded by water before the well was drilled. The dynamic information of developed wells in connected sand bodies (such as moisture rate and minimum layer water absorption profile, etc.), can reflect the level of water-flooded in some degree. This paper construct the rules of distinguishing the water flooded layer by dynamic analysis data on the basic of dynamic developing unit, which has prolonged the identification accuracy of water flooded layer degree of low-permeability reservoir efficiently.
Horizontal Well Penetration Rate Increasing Technology in Sulige Gas Field
Authors: Liu Yang , He Zhuo Pu , Ma Qi , Yu Yu Hang
Published: February 2015

In order to improve the drilling speed, lower the costs of development and solve the challenge of economies of scale development in sulige gas field, the key techniques research on long horizontal section of horizontal well drilling speed are carried out. Through analyzing the well drilling and geological data in study area, and supplemented by the feedback of measured bottom hole parameters provided by underground engineering parameters measuring instrument, the key factors restricting the drilling speed are found out and finally developed a series of optimum fast drilling technologies of horizontal wells, including exploitation geology engineering technique, strengthen the control of wellbore trajectory, optimize the design of the drill bit and BHA and intensify the drilling parameters. These technologies have a high reference value to improve the ROP of horizontal well in sulige gas field.
Optimization Design of Solar Hot Water System of Splited-Type Villa Type Building
Authors: Xie Hai Jiang , Zhang Yan
Published: February 2015

With economic performance, effect, energy saving, safe and reliable, comprehensive performance unique advantages, more suitable for use in building the popularity of the villa with its solar water heaters and other energy-saving and environmental protection and the use of simple distinctions, by the majority of consumers, and has been the rapid development and wide application. Solar hot water system is not only energy use, more important role is to improve the environment, to meet the needs of the country with regard to energy conservation, but also for China to improve the energy structure, but also improve energy strategy considerations. Introduces the domestic and foreign common form of split solar water heating systems, analyzes the existing problems and causes, solar and electric auxiliary heating system, for example, to optimize the design ideas proposed split solar hot water system, proved that the system is stable reliable
A Study of Distributed Photovoltaic Energy Storage Configuration Capacity
Authors: Yu Ming Kai , Yuan Chong , Xu Jing
Published: February 2015

In order to solve the problem of storage capacity configuration in distributed photovoltaic energy, firstly a brief introduction of the storage methods in distributed PV (photovoltaic) energy is given out. Then it mainly discusses the configuration mode of distributed photovoltaic battery energy storage capacity within a variety of methods and principles of the research situation. And their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in detail. Finally, the energy storage capacity configuration problems to be solved in the future development and its application should be made to focus on the aspect shortly.
3.5 G PAMAM-Stabilized CdS/Au Nano-Composites Prepared and Characterized
Authors: Qiao Yan , Zhang Rui Fang
Published: February 2015

Using 3.5 G PAMAM as a stabilizing agent, CdS/Au nanocomposites have been prepared by reducing HAuCl4 with microwave irradiation. CdS/Au nanocomposites were characterized by UV-vis spectra, TEM and Fluorescence spectroscopy. The result shows that: the CdS / Au nanocomposites’ particle diameter which has been prepared by using 3.5 G PAMAM gradually become larger and fluorescence fade as the ratio of CdS to Au was decreased.
The Study of High Capacity Channels Genesis and Formation Conditions in Block M Liaohe Oilfield
Authors: Qiu Heng Yuan , Li Ze Yu
Published: February 2015

In high water cut stage, reservoir heterogeneity is the main cause leading to uneven use of the reservoir and increasing the development difficulty of remaining oil. High capacity channels is a direct result of development differences. The determination of high capacity channels formation conditions has important guiding significance to determine the distribution rule of high capacity channels and make enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, with the data of different periods coring wells, dynamic and static data of production wells, the causes and conditions for the formation of are analyzed, then it’s concluded that unconsolidated rock, high oil viscosity, long-term high intensity of water is the main reason for the formation of high capacity channels, the key condition for the formation of high capacity channels is reservoir properties and heterogeneities, high capacity channels are More easily formed in reservoirs where permeability is between 100-10000,porosity is between 25-30%, Heterogeneity coefficient is greater than 2 and thickness is greater than 3m.
Research on Migration of Lead in Food Wrap Paper
Authors: He Fei , Zhang Fan , Wang Bao , Zhou Jia Nan , Chen Hua
Published: February 2015

Along with the widespread use of food wrap paper, it is very important to discuss the migration of lead in paper. The migration of lead from six kinds of food wrap papers under different temperatures (5 °C, 25°C, 35°C, 60°C and 85°C) were investigated by using water as an imitation in this paper. It was found that the initial migration rate was affected by the sizing degree of paper, but the final migration ratio was mainly decided by initial concentration of lead in paper, and the migration rate increased with the increasing of temperature.
Fabrication and Photoelectric Properties of La-Doped ZnO Nanofibers via Electrospinning
Authors: Liu Yi Chen , Yan Xu , Han Wen Peng , Zhang Hong Di , Long Yun Ze
Published: February 2015

La-doped ZnO nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning and calcination at 800°C. The surface morphology and crystal structure of the La-doped ZnO nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photoelectric properties of La-doped ZnO nanofibers were also investigated. It was found that the photoelectric current increased obviously under light illumination (308 nm and 365 nm). However, the photocurrent reduced with increasing La-doping level, which may be ascribed to the increased defects inducing by La-doping.
Study on Preparation of Boric Acid with Boron Trifluoride Methanol Complex
Authors: Liu Tian Yu , Zhang Wei Jiang , Xu Jiao
Published: February 2015

With boron trifluoride methanol complex as raw material, the hydrolysis reaction of boron trifluoride was used to prepare the boric acid. The addition of calcium carbonate is aim to remove the hydrogen fluoride generated in the reaction process, The ultimate objective is making the material being the product of boric acid maximum. Reaction time (T), the ratio of raw materials (molar ratio) and the amount of water were investigated in the influence of the purity and yield of boric acid. The conductivity of mixed solution was determined by conductivity meter, the results determines the end point of the reaction for 20 hours, the optimum solid-liquid ratio is three to one, the amount of water for each mole of boron trifluoride is corresponding 2L distilled water. Product of boric acid yield was 96.26%, the purity was 95.34%.
Study on the Variation of Landscape Pattern under the Influence of Hydroelectric Development: A Case Study of Madushan Hydropower Station, China
Authors: Jin Zi Wen , Zeng He Ping , Luo Yan , Jiang Shi Yi
Published: February 2015

Based on 3S Technology, this paper mainly focuses on studying temporal dynamic changes of landscape pattern in the upper reaches of the Madushan of Yunnan Province before and after the construction of Madushan hydropower station. From 2006 to 2011, the woodland area showed a downward trend, while those of some savanna, cropland, bench land, residential land, transportation land and industrial land were in adverse circumstances. The woodland area dropped from 1374.37km 2 to 1230.88 km2 by 10.4% compared to 2006. The water area increased from 6.99 km2 in 2006 to 11.72 km2 in 2011. What's more, some inter-transitions between different landscape types were also frequent, especially for woodland, cropland and savanna. Actually, the integrated variation of landscape degree was 6.2%. And all the landscape types presented a growing trend except for woodland. The fastest trend was 26.3% in industrial land, the slowest trend was 0.4% in cropland. In conclusion, there was an apparent change in the landscape pattern for the study area before and after the hydropower station construction, and this study could be significant for better understanding of the landscape ecological effects of hydropower exploitation.
Impact of the Brine Disposal on Scapharca Subcrenata
Authors: Cao Dong Mei , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yu Shan , Gao Chun Juan
Published: February 2015

Desalination of seawater accounts for a worldwide water production. Despite the many benefits the technology has to offer, concerns rise over potential negative impacts on the environment. We studied the effect of brine on scapharca subcrenata exposed to brine discharge from desalination plant. The results show that individuals grew best at temperature from 18°C to 20°C. When the temperature exceeded 20°C, the survival rate of the individuals decreased significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective means of reducing the negative influence of brine discharged on the marine environment. The knowledge of scapharca subcrenata limits can help not only to locate desalination plants but to design disposal devices.
The Present Situation and Development Trend of Sludge Disposal
Authors: Zhao Jian Rong , Ning Ping , Li Kai , Wang Lei , Song Xin , Wang Chi
Published: February 2015

In this paper, commonly used methods of sludge treatment and disposal, their advantages and disadvantages were introduced. Due to the requirements of sustainable development and circular economy, the sludge disposal technology would turn to development of harmless, reduction and resources. The study on sludge disposal of high-end technology would meet the future higher environmental demand.
Experiments of Combustion Adjustment on Boiler to Reduce NOx Emission
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui , Xiao Hai Ping , Dai Yu Kun , Dong Lin
Published: February 2015

Combustion adjustment tests about air distribution modes were performed on 1 025 t/h boiler for NOx emission controlling. NOx emission was affected by factors such as oxygen content, upper tertiary air, over fire air and secondary air distribution modes. Fuel-NOx raised drastically with the increase of oxygen content. NOx concentration declined with the rise of upper tertiary air ratio. Both average flame temperature and NOx emission concentration decreased inversely with over fire air. Beam waist mode had the lowest NOx emission concentration among different air distribution modes. It emitted less 14.2% NOx than that of balanced air distribution mode. NOx concentration can be reduced 10%-20% by combustion adjustment.
Jixi Basin CBM Accumulation Condition Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jin Wen , Chen Xi , Wang Peng
Published: February 2015

Heilongjiang Jixi Basin is one of the important coal basins, and the CBM exploration is still in its infancy. This study shows that Jixi Basin is large in number of plies, thin in depth, poor continuity; the types of coal give priority to gas coal and coking coal, reaching the limits of angry thermo genic gas, coal seam gas with a large amount of gas supply is sufficient. In the southern basin, coal mainly developed in the range of 300~1200m, burial depth is moderate, and the dip is small, it is more favorable compared with the north.
A Study on Early Warning Methods for Major Hazard of Hazardous Goods in Port Logistics Hub
Authors: Xiao Dian Liang , Chen Zong Wei , Liu Xin Yu
Published: February 2015

This paper studies early warning methods for major hazard of hazardous goods in port logistics hub. Firstly, identifying hierarchy method is proposed, after examining related interpretations of the discourse “major hazard” both in China and aboard, elaborating on the essences of this discourse, as well as analyzing its characteristics. Secondly, a comparative analysis of accident warning models which have been adopted at present with high frequency is conducted, through which we suggest a multi-sensor fuzzy data fusion early warning model. In addition, the index factors, the weights, as well as their membership, have been fixed by applying the methods of Analytical Hierarchy Process, and triangular membership functions. Finally, the application with examples demonstrates that this model has successfully achieved fuzzy integration of multi-sensor data, increased the accuracy of early warning-classification grading system, in addition to providing scientific evidence to port early warning management.
Research on Treatment of Rural Household Solid Wastes
Authors: Jing Jun Fang
Published: February 2015

This paper studies the situation of rural household solid wastes (RHSW) in China. Taking some village as a research object, the traditional widely used compost method is improved. And in combination with the living standards of local farmers, energy structure and the change of climate, a new type of rural household solid wastes management mode is proposed in the paper. In order to examine the eligibility of the management mode, an experiment is adopted in the paper. The results show that the new mode can well satisfy the index of the regulations.
On Fire Severity of Building in Performance-Based Design
Authors: Wu Wen Zhong
Published: February 2015

Analyzing fire severity of designed fire scene is necessary for building fire protection. Ordinary building fire times are calculated from statistic data of their fire heat release rates. Building fire is modeled mathematically to deduce its time-temperature function. Basing on this function curve and Simon Ingberg’s fire severity definition, we establish fire severity classification theory for building fire, including definition and equation of its fire severity, and definition of its fire severity coefficient along with calculation of those coefficients of ordinary combustible solids, and calculation and classification steps for building fire severity.
Stability Bearing Capacity of Dendritic Arms in Tainter Gate
Authors: Shen Yong Kang , Wang Zheng Zhong , Zhao Chun Long
Published: February 2015

The new arms form of radial gate—dendritic arms is introduced for the proper mechanical mechanism, however the stability design is very difficult. According to the stability theory of structure, the stability analysis model of step column with lateral restraints was proposed for dendritic arms, some equations was derived from the principle of minimum potential energy, the practical formulas of buckling bearing capacity and effective length coefficient were provided. According to an example, the accuracy on formulas was verified by finite analysis method.
Based on the Sedimentary Facies of the Low Porosity and Permeability Reservoir Water Flooded Layer Qualitative Interpretation Method
Authors: Zhang Mei Ling , Zhou Zheng , Feng Lei
Published: February 2015

Yushulin oilfield Fuyang reservoir belongs to typical low porosity and permeability reservoirs. The internal sand body has complex pore structure and serious heterogeneity. The well logging response doesn't change significantly after the reservoir is flooded. In order to improve the identification precision of the water flooded layer, this paper divides the reservoir into the thick reservoir which is mainly to fluvial facies and estuarine dam deposition and the thin and poor reservoir which is mainly to sheet sand and far sand dam two class. The qualitative identification chart of water flooded layer was established. The chart coincidence rate is more than 75 %, providing a strong basis for perforation scheme of infill wells. The research method of the peripheral oilfield flooded layer identification has wide applicability.
The Heating Assembly Method and Application of Fall Off and Interference Fit Joint Flywheel
Authors: Qiu Li Peng , Qi Yong Jian , Jiang Qin Yu , Wang Zhen
Published: February 2015

For the interference fit joint of massive flywheel assembly, Studies the reasonable amount of interference and its heating temperature options. Analysis the advantages and disadvantages of various assembly way, reasonable assembly method is proposed, Designed the corresponding assembly tooling , Use the cone positioning and the method of hydraulic push to ensure the higher precision alignment, Provides a reasonable reference for interference fit joint method for the flywheel .
Influence of Air Distribution Modes on Boiler Efficiency
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui , Xiao Hai Ping , Ning Xiang , Dai Yu Kun
Published: February 2015

The influence of air distribution modes on boiler efficiency was researched by combustion adjustment tests. Boiler efficiency variation was studied by changing factors such as oxygen content, upper tertiary air, over fire air and secondary air distribution modes. Boiler efficiency reached maximum under 3.9% design oxygen content. Carbon content in fly ash increased as upper tertiary air ratio, consequently boiler efficiency declined. Average furnace flame temperature decreased inversely as over fire air baffle opening, and boiler efficiency variation was small. Under different conditions, boiler efficiency varied within 1.12%. Beam waist air distribution mode obtained the highest boiler efficiency.