bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bee venom phospholipase A2 ameliorates Alzheimer’s disease pathology in Aβ vaccination treatment without inducing neuro-inflammation in a 3xTg-AD mouse model
Authors: Baek Hyunjung , Lee Chan-ju , Choi Da Bin , Kim Nam-sik , Kim Yong-Suk , Ye Young Jun , Kim Youn-Sub , Kim Jin Su , Shim Insop , Bae Hyunsu
Published: November 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by an imbalance between the production and clearance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins. Although vaccination against Aβ peptide results in a dramatic reduction in Aβ pathology in experimental mouse models, the initial clinical trial for an active Aβ vaccine was halted early due to the development of acute meningoencephalitis in 6% of the immunized patients, which likely involved a T-cell mediated pro-inflammatory response. In this study, we aimed to determine whether bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) treatment would induce Tregs and ameliorate AD pathology without unwanted T cell-mediated inflammation. First, we investigated the effects of bvPLA2 on the inflammatory infiltration caused by Aβ vaccination. Inflammatory aggregates of CD3+ T lymphocytes and macrophages were found in the brains and spinal cords of mice treated with Aβ. However, administration of bvPLA2 dramatically eliminated central nervous system inflammation following Aβ immunization. In AD model mice (3xTg-AD mice), bvPLA2 administration significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits and reduced Aβ burdens in the brains of Aβ-vaccinated 3xTg-AD mice. Additionally, we examined brain glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography with 18F-2 fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose. Cerebral glucose uptake was considerably higher in the brains of Aβ-vaccinated 3xTg-AD mice that received bvPLA2 than those that did not. The present study suggests that the modulation of Treg populations via bvPLA2 treatment may be a new therapeutic approach to attenuate the progression of AD in conjunction with Aβ vaccination therapy without an adverse inflammatory response.
Homogeneous Multifunction Devices Designing and Layered Implementing Based on Rotary Medium
Authors: Yang Cheng-Fu , Huang Ming , Yang Jing-Jing , Mao Fu-Chun
Published: November 2018

Multifunctional device with homogeneous anisotropic material parameters are proposed and designed based on linear transformation optics and rotary medium. Four examples including rotating concentrator, rotating amplifying device, rotating shrinking device and rotating transparent device are reported. All of them have bi-functional effects, i.e., they possess concentrating, amplifying, shrinking and transparent effects respectively while have the fields been rotated an angle of π/N simultaneously in common, where N is the sides number of polygon. All these devices have potential applications, such as energy accumulation or controlling, military camouflage, wireless communication system and radar/antenna protection. Furthermore, alternating isotropic layered structure based on effective medium theory is utilized to remove the anisotropic property of these devices. Simulation results show that the layered structure device behaves almost as perfect as the ideal one when it has sufficient divided layers. The feasibility of designing multifunctional device by natural isotropic materials instead of metamaterials with complicated artificial composite structure would dramatically reduce the fabrication difficulty and move the device a step further towards the practical application.
A downstream molecule of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, protects against mouse model of renal fibrosis
Authors: Bi Jing , Watanabe Hiroshi , Fujimura Rui , Nishida Kento , Nakamura Ryota , Oshiro Shun , Imafuku Tadashi , Komori Hisakazu , Miyahisa Masako , Tanaka Motoko , Matsushita Kazutaka , Maruyama Toru
Published: November 2018

Renal fibrosis, the characteristic feature of progressive chronic kidney disease, is associated with unremitting renal inflammation. Although it is reported that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active form of vitamin D, elicits an anti-renal fibrotic effect, its molecular mechanism is still unknown. In this study, renal fibrosis and inflammation observed in the kidney of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were reduced by the treatment of 1,25(OH)2D3. The plasma protein level of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), a downstream molecule of 1,25(OH)2D3, was increased following administration of 1,25(OH)2D3. Additionally, increased mRNA expression of ORM1, an AGP gene, was observed in HepG2 cells and THP-1-derived macrophages that treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. To investigate the involvement of AGP, exogenous AGP was administered to UUO mice, resulting in attenuated renal fibrosis and inflammation. We also found the mRNA expression of CD163, a monocyte/macrophage marker with anti-inflammatory potential, was increased in THP-1-derived macrophages under stimulus from 1,25(OH)2D3 or AGP. Moreover, AGP prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage activation. Thus, AGP could be a key molecule in the protective effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 against renal fibrosis. Taken together, AGP may replace vitamin D to function as an important immune regulator, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for renal inflammation and fibrosis.
Illumina-MiSeq analysis of fungi in acid lime roots reveals dominance of Fusarium and variation in fungal taxa
Authors: Al-Sadi Abdullah M. , Kazerooni Elham A.
Published: November 2018

A study was conducted to analyze fungal diversity in the roots of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) collected from Oman, a semi-arid country located in the South Eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. MiSeq analysis showed the Ascomycota and Sordariomycetes were the most abundant phylum and class in acid lime roots, respectively. Glomeromycota, Basidiomycota and Microsporidia were the other fungal phyla, while Glomeromycetes and some other classes belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were detected at lower frequencies. The genus Fusarium was the most abundant in all samples, making up 46 to 95% of the total reads. Some fungal genera of Arbuscular mycorrhizae and nematophagous fungi were detected in some of the acid lime roots. Analysis of the level of fungal diversity showed that no significant differences exist among groups of root samples (from different locations) in their Chao richness and Shannon diversity levels (P < 0.05). Principle component analysis of fungal communities significantly separated samples according to their locations. This is the first study to evaluate fungal diversity in acid lime roots using high throughput sequencing analysis. The study reveals the presence of various fungal taxa in the roots, dominated by Fusarium species and including some mycorrhizae and nematophagous fungi.
Author Correction: Evaluating Tumor Evolution via Genomic Profiling of Individual Tumor Spheroids in a Malignant Ascites
Authors: Kim Sungsik , Kim Soochi , Kim Jinhyun , Kim Boyun , Kim Se Ik , Kim Min A. , Kwon Sunghoon , Song Yong Sang
Published: November 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Advanced laser scanning for highly-efficient ablation and ultrafast surface structuring: experiment and model
Authors: Žemaitis Andrius , Gaidys Mantas , Brikas Marijus , Gečys Paulius , Račiukaitis Gediminas , Gedvilas Mindaugas
Published: November 2018

Ultra-short laser pulses are frequently used for material removal (ablation) in science, technology and medicine. However, the laser energy is often used inefficiently, thus, leading to low ablation rates. For the efficient ablation of a rectangular shaped cavity, the numerous process parameters such as scanning speed, distance between scanned lines, and spot size on the sample, have to be optimized. Therefore, finding the optimal set of process parameters is always a time-demanding and challenging task. Clear theoretical understanding of the influence of the process parameters on the material removal rate can improve the efficiency of laser energy utilization and enhance the ablation rate. In this work, a new model of rectangular cavity ablation is introduced. The model takes into account the decrease in ablation threshold, as well as saturation of the ablation depth with increasing number of pulses per spot. Scanning electron microscopy and the stylus profilometry were employed to characterize the ablated depth and evaluate the material removal rate. The numerical modelling showed a good agreement with the experimental results. High speed mimicking of bio-inspired functional surfaces by laser irradiation has been demonstrated.
Selective tracking of FFAR3-expressing neurons supports receptor coupling to N-type calcium channels in mouse sympathetic neurons
Authors: Colina Claudia , Puhl Henry L. , Ikeda Stephen R.
Published: November 2018

Activation of short-chain free fatty acid receptors 3 (FFAR3) has been suggested to promote sympathetic outflow in postganglionic sympathetic neurons or hamper it by a negative coupling to N-type calcium (CaV2.2) channels. Heterogeneity of FFAR3 expression in sympathetic neurons, however, renders single neurons studies extremely time-consuming in wild-type mice. Previous studies demonstrated large variability of the degree of CaV2.2 channel inhibition by FFAR3 in a global population of rat sympathetic neurons. Therefore, we focused on a small subpopulation of mouse sympathetic neurons using an FFAR3 antibody and anFfar3reporter mouse to perform immunofluorescent and electrophysiological studies. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of identified FFAR3-expressing neurons from reporter mice revealed a 2.5-fold decrease in the CaV2.2-FFAR3 inhibitory coupling variability and 1.5-fold increase in the mean ICa2+inhibition, when compared with unlabeled neurons from wild-type mice. Further, we found that the ablation ofFfar3gene expression in two knockout mouse models led to a complete loss-of-function. Subpopulations of sympathetic neurons are associated with discrete functional pathways. However, little is known about the neural pathways of the FFAR3-expressing subpopulation. Our data indicate that FFAR3 is expressed primarily in neurons with a vasoconstrictor phenotype. Thus, fine-tuning of chemically-coded neurotransmitters may accomplish an adequate outcome.
Study of the micro-climate and bacterial distribution in the deadspace of N95 filtering face respirators
Authors: Yang Quan , Li Hui , Shen Shengnan , Zhang Guoqing , Huang Ruiyang , Feng Yong , Yang James , Ma Shiyue
Published: November 2018

It is common for people to use N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) in daily life, especially in locations where particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration is rising. Wearing N95 FFRs is helpful to reduce inhalation of PM2.5. Although N95 FFRs block at least 95% of particles from the atmosphere, the deadspace of N95 FFRs could be a warm, wet environment that may be a perfect breeding ground for bacterial growth. This work studies the micro-climate features including the temperature distribution and water vapor condensation in the deadspace of an N95 FFR using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Then, the temperature and relative humidity inside the same type of N95 FFR are experimentally measured. There is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental results. Moreover, an experiment is conducted to study the distribution of bacteria sampled from the inner surface of an N95 FFR after donning.
Investigation of the phosphorylation of Bacillus subtilis LTA synthases by the serine/threonine kinase PrkC
Authors: Pompeo Frédérique , Rismondo Jeanine , Gründling Angelika , Galinier Anne
Published: November 2018

Bacillus subtilis possesses four lipoteichoic acid synthases LtaS, YfnI, YvgJ and YqgS involved in the synthesis of cell wall. The crystal structure of the extracellular domain of LtaS revealed a phosphorylated threonine and YfnI was identified in two independent phosphoproteome studies. Here, we show that the four LTA synthases can be phosphorylated in vitro by the Ser/Thr kinase PrkC. Phosphorylation neither affects the export/release of YfnI nor its substrate binding. However, we observed that a phosphomimetic form of YfnI was active whereas its phosphoablative form was inactive. The phenotypes of the strains deleted for prkC or prpC (coding for a phosphatase) are fairly similar to those of the strains producing the phosphoablative or phosphomimetic YfnI proteins. Clear evidence proving that PrkC phosphorylates YfnI in vivo is still missing but our data suggest that the activity of all LTA synthases may be regulated by phosphorylation. Nonetheless, their function is non-redundant in cell. Indeed, the deletion of either ltaS or yfnI gene could restore a normal growth and shape to a ΔyvcK mutant strain but this was not the case for yvgJ or yqgS. The synthesis of cell wall must then be highly regulated to guarantee correct morphogenesis whatever the growth conditions.
A Vaccine Based on a Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vector Expressing Zika Virus Structural Proteins Controls Zika Virus Replication in Mice
Authors: Pérez Patricia , Q. Marín María , Lázaro-Frías Adrián , Jiménez de Oya Nereida , Blázquez Ana-Belén , Escribano-Romero Estela , S. Sorzano Carlos Óscar , Ortego Javier , Saiz Juan-Carlos , Esteban Mariano , Martín-Acebes Miguel A. , García-Arriaza Juan
Published: November 2018

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that affects humans and can cause severe neurological complications, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. Since 2007 there have been three large outbreaks; the last and larger spread in the Americas in 2015. Actually, ZIKV is circulating in the Americas, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands, and represents a potential pandemic threat. Given the rapid ZIKV dissemination and the severe neurological and teratogenic sequelae associated with ZIKV infection, the development of a safe and efficacious vaccine is critical. In this study, we have developed and characterized the immunogenicity and efficacy of a novel ZIKV vaccine based on the highly attenuated poxvirus vector modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) expressing the ZIKV prM and E structural genes (termed MVA-ZIKV). MVA-ZIKV expressed efficiently the ZIKV structural proteins, assembled in virus-like particles (VLPs) and was genetically stable upon nine passages in cell culture. Immunization of mice with MVA-ZIKV elicited antibodies that were able to neutralize ZIKV and induced potent and polyfunctional ZIKV-specific CD8+T cell responses that were mainly of an effector memory phenotype. Moreover, a single dose of MVA-ZIKV reduced significantly the viremia in susceptible immunocompromised mice challenged with live ZIKV. These findings support the use of MVA-ZIKV as a potential vaccine against ZIKV.
Effect of postoperative coffee consumption on gastrointestinal function after abdominal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Eamudomkarn Nuntasiri , Kietpeerakool Chumnan , Kaewrudee Srinaree , Jampathong Nampet , Ngamjarus Chetta , Lumbiganon Pisake
Published: November 2018

Coffee is believed to prevent postoperative ileus. This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of coffee consumption in stimulating gastrointestinal function after abdominal surgery. A number of databases for randomized controlled trials comparing coffee consumption following abdominal surgery versus water drinking or no intervention were searched. Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool was used to assess risk of bias in included studies. Six trials involving 601 participants were included. All studies had high risk of performance bias. Three studies had an unclear risk of selection bias. Postoperative coffee consumption reduced time to first defecation (mean difference (MD), −9.98 hours; 95% CI, −16.97 to −2.99), time to first flatus (MD, −7.14 hours; 95% CI, −10.96 to −3.33), time to first bowel sound (MD, −4.17 hours; 95% CI, −7.88 to −0.47), time to tolerance of solid food (MD, −15.55 hours; 95% CI, −22.83 to −8.27), and length of hospital stay (MD, −0.74 days; 95% CI, −1.14 to −0.33). Benefits increased with increasing complexity of the procedure. None of the included studies reported adverse events associated with coffee consumption. Postoperative coffee consumption is effective and safe for enhancing the recovery of gastrointestinal function after abdominal surgery.
Increase of power conversion efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells through ferroelectric substrate induced charge transport enhancement
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Zhang Qifeng , Li Jiangyu , Valanoor Nagarajan , Tang Xiao , Cao Guozhong
Published: November 2018

Ferroelectric functionalized dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated by using a positively-poled LiNbO3 substrate coated with ITO (ITO-LiNbO3) as a collector electrode and demonstrated enhanced power conversion efficiency. Surface potential properties of TiO2 nanoparticle film coated on the ITO-LiNbO3 (TiO2/ITO-LiNbO3) examined by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) confirmed that a large electric field (a few 10 V/µm) generated from LiNbO3 can penetrate through the ITO layer and is applied to TiO2 film. This polarization-induced electric field leads to an increased photocurrent density by attracting and promoting electrons to direct transport through the mesoporous TiO2 network toward the collector electrode and a decreased charge recombination by facilitating electrons to pass through fewer boundaries of nanoparticles, resulting in high power conversion efficiency. The power conversion efficiency was enhanced by more than 40% in comparison with that without polarization-induced electric field. Incorporating functional ferroelectrics into photovoltaic cells would be a good strategy in improving photovoltaic performance and is applicable to other types of photovoltaic devices, such as perovskite solar cells.
Hotspots of recent hybridization between pigs and wild boars in Europe
Authors: Iacolina Laura , Pertoldi Cino , Amills Marcel , Kusza Szilvia , Megens Hendrik-Jan , Bâlteanu Valentin Adrian , Bakan Jana , Cubric-Curik Vlatka , Oja Ragne , Saarma Urmas , Scandura Massimo , Šprem Nikica , Stronen Astrid Vik
Published: November 2018

After a strong demographic decline before World War II, wild boar populations are expanding and the species is now the second-most abundant ungulate in Europe. This increase raises concerns due to wild boar impact on crops and natural ecosystems and as potential vector of diseases. Additionally, wild boar can hybridize with domestic pigs, which could increase health risks and alter wild boar adaptive potential. We analysed 47,148 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in wild boar from Europe (292) and the Near East (16), and commercial (44) and local (255) pig breeds, to discern patterns of hybridization across Europe. We identified 33 wild boars with more than 10% domestic ancestry in their genome, mostly concentrated in Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria and Serbia. This difference is probably due to contrasting practices, with free-ranging vs. industrial farming but more samples would be needed to investigate larger geographic patterns. Our results suggest hybridization has occurred over a long period and is still ongoing, as we observed recent hybrids. Although wild and domestic populations have maintained their genetic distinctiveness, potential health threats raise concerns and require implementation of management actions and farming practices aimed at reducing contact between wild and domestic pigs.
A vector holographic optical trap
Authors: Bhebhe Nkosiphile , Williams Peter A. C. , Rosales-Guzmán Carmelo , Rodriguez-Fajardo Valeria , Forbes Andrew
Published: November 2018

The invention of optical tweezers almost forty years ago has triggered applications spanning multiple disciplines and has also found its way into commercial products. A major breakthrough came with the invention of holographic optical tweezers (HOTs), allowing simultaneous manipulation of many particles, traditionally done with arrays of scalar beams. Here we demonstrate a vector HOT with arrays of digitally controlled Higher-Order Poincaré Sphere (HOPS) beams. We employ a simple set-up using a spatial light modulator and show that each beam in the array can be manipulated independently and set to an arbitrary HOPS state, including replicating traditional scalar beam HOTs. We demonstrate trapping and tweezing with customized arrays of HOPS beams comprising scalar orbital angular momentum and cylindrical vector beams, including radially and azimuthally polarized beams simultaneously in the same trap. Our approach is general enough to be easily extended to arbitrary vector beams, could be implemented with fast refresh rates and will be of interest to the structured light and optical manipulation communities alike.
Bimetallic gold nanorods with enhanced biocorona formation for doxorubicin loading and sustained release
Authors: Chakraborty Debolina , Mohan Lavanya , Alex Sruthi Ann , Chandrasekaran Natarajan , Mukherjee Amitava
Published: November 2018

Bimetallic coating over gold nanorods improves biocorona formation, enhances drug loading and release, and reduces non-specificin vitrotoxicity.
Insights into the structure–property–activity relationship in molybdenum-doped octahedral molecular sieve manganese oxides for catalytic oxidation
Authors: Genuino Homer C. , Valencia Diego , Suib Steven L.
Published: November 2018

Experimental and computational studies on the properties of Mo-substituted octahedral molecular sieve Mn oxides provide insights into their excellent catalytic activities and stability for CO oxidation.
Carbon nanotube containing polyacrylonitrile materials for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Beine Anna Katharina , Broicher Cornelia , Hu Qingtao , Mayerl Lisa , Bisswanger Timo , Hartmann Heinrich , Besmehn Astrid , Palkovits Stefan , Lu An-Hui , Palkovits Regina
Published: November 2018

Composite materials of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and CNT are efficient metal-free catalysts for OER reaching a minimum overpotential of 368 mV.
Anchoring a Co/2-methylimidazole complex on ion-exchange resin and its transformation to Co/N-doped carbon as an electrocatalyst for the ORR
Authors: Zhu Yexin , Miyake Koji , Shu Yasuhiro , Gabe Atsushi , Hirota Yuichiro , Uchida Yoshiaki , Tanaka Shunsuke , Morallón Emilia , Cazorla-Amorós Diego , Nishiyama Norikazu
Published: November 2018

A simple method was developed to obtain carbon materials with highly dispersed Co/N as electrocatalysts for ORR.
Single molecule magnet behaviors of Zn4Ln2 (Ln = DyIII, TbIII) complexes with multidentate organic ligands formed by absorption of CO2 in air through in situ reactions
Authors: Yin Cheng-Ling , Hu Zhao-Bo , Long Qiao-Qiao , Wang Hui-Sheng , Li Jing , Song You , Zhang Zai-Chao , Zhang Yi-Quan , Pan Zhi-Quan
Published: November 2018

Two novel Zn–Ln (Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2)) complexes showing single molecule magnet behaviors have been reported.
Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull: chemical characterization, evaluation of its bioactive properties and effect on the vaginal microbiota
Authors: Mandim Filipa , Barros Lillian , Calhelha Ricardo C. , Abreu Rui M. V. , Pinela José , Alves Maria José , Heleno Sandrina , Santos P. F. , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: November 2018

C. vulgaris inflorescences revealed myricetin derivatives as the main compound and polar extracts revealed higher bioactivities, preserving vaginal microbiota.
Computationally-inspired discovery of an unsymmetrical porous organic cage
Authors: Berardo Enrico , Greenaway Rebecca L. , Turcani Lukas , Alston Ben M. , Bennison Michael J. , Miklitz Marcin , Clowes Rob , Briggs Michael E. , Cooper Andrew I. , Jelfs Kim E.
Published: November 2018

Computationally inspired and rationalised discovery of a completely unsymmetrical organic cage, which was both porous and highly soluble.
Morphology-controlled copper nanowire synthesis and magnetic field assisted self-assembly
Authors: Darmakkolla Srikar Rao , Ghobadi Mitra , Lampert Lester , Pareira Amanda F. , Jenike Ana , Tahir Musa , Rananavare Shankar B.
Published: November 2018

A schematic diagram showing Cu/Ni NW based interconnects fabricated in a hybrid approach employing top-down and bottom-up methods.
Highly dispersed layered double oxide hollow spheres with sufficient active sites for adsorption of methyl blue
Authors: Zong Yingtong , Li Kaitao , Tian Rui , Lin Yanjun , Lu Chao
Published: November 2018

Monodispersed hollow layered double oxide spheres were constructed, providing sufficient microchannels and active sites for the efficient adsorption of anionic dyes.
Synergy of light harvesting and energy transfer as well as short-range charge shift reactions in multicomponent conjugates
Authors: Fazio Ettore , Winterfeld Kim A. , López-Pérez Ana , Torres Tomás , Guldi Dirk M. , de la Torre Gema
Published: November 2018

The panchromatic character, and cascade-like charge transfer behaviour of this multichromophoric conjugate, prove it a unique photosynthetic reaction center mimic.
Self-supporting Ti3C2Txfoam/S cathodes with high sulfur loading for high-energy-density lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhao Tongkun , Zhai Pengfei , Yang Zhihao , Wang Junxiao , Qu Lingbo , Du Fengguang , Wang Jingtao
Published: November 2018

Self-supporting Ti3C2Txfoam/S cathodes demonstrate the excellent rate capacity, cycling stability, and energy density for use in lithium–sulfur batteries.
Thermally-healable network solids of sulfur-crosslinked poly(4-allyloxystyrene)
Authors: Thiounn Timmy , Lauer Moira K. , Bedford Monte S. , Smith Rhett C. , Tennyson Andrew G.
Published: November 2018

Sulfur and a polystyrene derivative were combined to form thermally-healable and recyclable composite materials with dramatically increased structural integrity versus sulfur alone.
Fabrication of a novel whole tissue-engineered intervertebral disc for intervertebral disc regeneration in the porcine lumbar spine
Authors: Yang Fei , Xiao Dongqin , Zhao Qiao , Chen Zhu , Liu Kang , Chen Shixiao , Sun Xiao , Yue Qiuju , Zhang Ruolan , Feng Gang
Published: November 2018

A novel whole tissue-engineered IVD consisting of a triphasic scaffold demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties in the porcine lumbar spine.
Preparation of core/shell CdTe@hMSN for enhanced tumor vasculature-specific drug delivery
Authors: Yang Dongzhi , Wang Na , Ji Haixia , Sun Shian , Dong Jingjing , Zhong Yuanyuan , Qian Chuntong , Xu Huanghuang
Published: November 2018

Due to excellent optical properties and high cargo holding capacity, CdTe@hMSN exhibit great potential in cancer imaging and drug delivery.
Studies on structure-function relationships of acetolactate decarboxylase from Enterobacter cloacae
Authors: Ji Fangling , Feng Yanbin , Li Mingyang , Yang Yongliang , Wang Tianqi , Wang Jingyun , Bao Yongming , Xue Song
Published: November 2018

Arg150 in E.c.-ALDC exhibited a unique tilted conformation implying the lower activities of E.c.-ALDC comparing to other bacterial ALDCs. Sequence conservation of E.c.-ALDC is represented by ribbons and lines (conserved, magenta to variable, cyan).
Diffusion of methyl oleate in hierarchical micro-/mesoporous TS-1-based catalysts probed by PFG NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Dvoyashkin Muslim , Wilde Nicole , Haase Jürgen , Gläser Roger
Published: November 2018

Direct assessment of methyl oleate diffusion confined to nanopores of TS-1-based catalysts by means of pulsed field gradient NMR.
Anionic polycondensation and equilibrium driven monomer formation of cyclic aliphatic carbonates
Authors: Hua Geng , Olsén Peter , Franzén Johan , Odelius Karin
Published: November 2018

One-pot two-step phosgene-free method to make functionalized 6-membered cyclic-carbonates and aliphatic polycarbonates in large quantity.
Mechanoresponsive and recyclable biocatalytic sponges from enzyme-polymer surfactant conjugates and nanoparticles
Authors: Jain Mehak , Vaze Rutuja G. , Ugrani Suraj C. , Sharma Kamendra P.
Published: November 2018

The fabrication of biocatalytic, porous, recyclable, and mechanoresponsive elastic sponge like material is shown from a mixture of core–shell alkaline phosphatase-polymer surfactant bioconjugates and nanoparticles.
Separation efficiency maximization in acoustofluidic systems: study of the sample launch-position
Authors: Vitali Valerio , Yang Tie , Minzioni Paolo
Published: November 2018

We theoretically and numerically show how to optimize the separation-efficiency of acoustofluidic systems by a non-trivial selection of sample-injection position.
Defying strain in the synthesis of an electroactive bilayer helicene
Authors: Milton Margarita , Schuster Nathaniel J. , Paley Daniel W. , Hernández Sánchez Raúl , Ng Fay , Steigerwald Michael L. , Nuckolls Colin
Published: November 2018

Visible-light-induced oxidative cyclization of a phenanthrene framework overcomes immense strain to yield a bilayer perylene-diimide helicene.
Single Ru atoms with precise coordination on a monolayer layered double hydroxide for efficient electrooxidation catalysis
Authors: Wang Zelin , Xu Si-Min , Xu Yanqi , Tan Ling , Wang Xian , Zhao Yufei , Duan Haohong , Song Yu-Fei
Published: November 2018

Single Ru atoms are uniquely located on the top of trivalence Fe atom of NiFe layered double hydroxide.
Characterizing gibberellin flowin plantausing photocaged gibberellins
Authors: Wexler Shira , Schayek Hilla , Rajendar Kandhikonda , Tal Iris , Shani Eilon , Meroz Yasmine , Dobrovetsky Roman , Weinstain Roy
Published: November 2018

We report on novel photocaged gibberellins that provide a unique platform to study gibberellin movement in living, intact plants.
Simultaneous enhancement in performance and UV-light stability of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells using a samarium-based down conversion material
Authors: Rahman Naveed Ur , Khan Wasim Ullah , Li Wenlang , Khan Shaukat , Khan Javid , Zheng Shizhao , Su Tongtong , Zhao Juan , Aldred Matthew P. , Chi Zhenguo
Published: November 2018

A samarium-based down conversion material was employed to simultaneously improve the device performance and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells.
Enhanced water oxidation reaction kinetics on a BiVO4 photoanode by surface modification with Ni4O4 cubane
Authors: Gao Bin , Wang Tao , Fan Xiaoli , Gong Hao , Li Peng , Feng Yaya , Huang Xianli , He Jianping , Ye Jinhua
Published: November 2018

Ni4O4 cubane is combined with a BiVO4 photoanode via an Al2O3 adsorbed layer for highly efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water oxidation.
An organic cathode with high capacities for fast-charge potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Tang Mi , Wu Yanchao , Chen Yuan , Jiang Cheng , Zhu Shaolong , Zhuo Shuming , Wang Chengliang
Published: November 2018

Poly(pentacenetetrone sulfide) (PPTS) as a cathode for PIBs exhibits high electrochemical performance. Novel methods are also demonstrated for inhibiting K dendrites.
Electrochemically activated cobalt nickel sulfide for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction: partial amorphization and phase control
Authors: Hong Yu-Rim , Mhin Sungwook , Kim Kang-Min , Han Won-Sik , Choi Heechae , Ali Ghulam , Chung Kyung Yoon , Lee Ho Jun , Moon Seong-I. , Dutta Soumen , Sun Seho , Jung Yeon-Gil , Song Taeseup , Han HyukSu
Published: November 2018

It has recently been demonstrated that the OER activity of transition metal sulfides (TMSs) could be enhanced by the introduction of a thin amorphous layer on a pristine surface.
Hyaluronic acid/PEGylated amphiphilic nanoparticles for pursuit of selective intracellular doxorubicin release
Authors: Yan Xiangjie , Chen Qixian , An Jinxia , Liu De-E , Huang Yongkang , Yang Rui , Li Wei , Chen Li , Gao Hui
Published: November 2018

The mechanism of nanomedicine possessing anticancer and antimicrobial agents to combat microbes in tumor tissues to alleviate cancer-drugs resistance.
Tuning the electronic properties and the planarity degree in the π-extended TTF series: the prominent role of heteroatoms
Authors: Krykun Serhii , Croué Vincent , Allain Magali , Voitenko Zoia , Aragó Juan , Ortí Enrique , Goeb Sébastien , Sallé Marc
Published: November 2018

A combined experimental and theoretical study demonstrates the critical role of intramolecular S⋯S interactions in dictating the planar conformation of an extended tetrathiafulvalene.
Proceedings of SMAI 2017
Authors: Carassus Laurence , Darbas Marion , Gayraud Ghislaine , Goubet Olivier , Salmon Stéphanie
Published: November 2018

Papers related to the congress SMAI 2017, 8th biennale of Applied and Industrial Mathematics.
Drama im Aufwachraum: pädiatrisches Emergence-Delir
Authors: Kramer Sylvia , Krebs Martin , Spies Claudia , Ghamari Shahab , Höhne Claudia , Becke Karin , Eich Christoph , Hoeft Andreas , Wermelt Julius , Ellerkmann Richard
Published: November 2018

Das pädiatrische Emergence Delir rückt aufgrund der Debatte um Neurotoxizität von Anästhetika bei kleinen Kindern erneut in den Fokus. Die 2017 von der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie (ESA) publizierte Leitlinie zu Prävention und Therapie kann eine sinnvolle Unterstützung der klinischen Tätigkeit sein. Insbesondere die zügige und konsequente Behandlung von Schmerzen bei kleinen Kindern und die konsequente Diagnose eines pädED mittels validierter Skale ermöglicht es- dank der Verbreitung von patient data management systemen- in Zukunft eine reelle Inzidenz des pädEDs anzugeben. In der Prävention des pädED liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der Reduktion der präoperativen Angst der Kinder, egal, ob dies durch ein auf das Kind fokussierte Kinderanästhesieteam zusammen mit den Eltern, Musik, Clowns, smartphones/tablets oder eine medikamentöse Prämedikation erzielt wird. Medikamentöse pädED-Prophylaxe durch perioperative Anwendung von alpha-2-Agonisten und die Verwendung von Propofol als Ausleitungsbolus oder TIVA erscheint gleichzeitg sinnvoll. Postoperativ ermöglicht eine ruhige Aufwachumgebung ein entspanntes delirfreies Aufwachen. Postanästhesiologische Visiten mit strukturiertem Erfassen von Veränderungen des kindlichen Verhaltens respektive schriftliche Fragebögen werden in Zukunft Auskunft über das pädED auf den Normalstationen geben. Strukturierte Nachbefragungen im Verlauf werden auch die Erfassung postoperativen unerwünschten Verhaltensänderungen und deren möglichen Zusammenhang zum pädED ermöglichen.
Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes and endoscopic accessories used in gastrointestinal endoscopy: Position Statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and European Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) – Update 2018
Authors: Beilenhoff Ulrike , Biering Holger , Blum Reinhard , Brljak Jadranka , Cimbro Monica , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Hassan Cesare , Jung Michael , Kampf Birgit , Neumann Christiane , Pietsch Michael , Pineau Lionel , Ponchon Thierry , Rejchrt Stanislav , Rey Jean-François , Schmidt Verona , Tillett Jayne , van Hooft Jeanin
Published: November 2018

This Position Statement from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and the European Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates (ESGENA) sets standards for the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes and endoscopic devices used in gastroenterology. An expert working group of gastroenterologists, endoscopy nurses, chemists, microbiologists, and industry representatives provides updated recommendations on all aspects of reprocessing in order to maintain hygiene and infection control.
Central Airway Obstruction Due to Tracheal Glomus Tumor
Authors: Haro Greg , Seeley Eric , Jablons David , Kratz Johannes
Published: November 2018

Background Tracheal glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that have the potential to cause malignant, central airway obstruction. They require a thoughtful approach to safely secure the airway and definitively resect the tumor.

Case Description We report the clinical course of a 25-year-old man in severe respiratory distress secondary to tracheal glomus tumor and the subsequent surgical management.

Conclusion Due to their hypervascular nature, greater familiarity with tracheal glomus tumors is needed to ensure appropriate preoperative planning and intervention.
Betablocker im septischen Schock
Authors: Uhlig Christopher , Spieth Peter
Published: November 2018

Die Therapie von Patienten im septischen Schock birgt große Herausforderungen. Die adrenerg vermittelte Stressantwort im Körper ist komplex reguliert – ob Betablocker die Hämodynamik in der Sepsis verbessern können, ist noch offen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Pharmakologie des betaadrenergen Systems, die pathophysiologische Rationale und die aktuelle Literatur zum Betablocker-Einsatz in der Sepsis und im septischen Schock.
A novel microwave combined ultraviolet radiator based on slotted coaxial line for epoxy resin curing
Authors: Wu Ying , Xie Tian , Xiao Wei , Zhang Wen Cong , Ma Wei Quan , Zhu Hua Cheng , Yang Yang , Huang Ka Ma
Published: November 2018

Curing resin matrix composite quickly constitutes one of the key technologies for industrial lightweight production, especially in automobile manufacturing and aircraft maintenance. In this study, a novel gap coaxial line microwave combined ultraviolet radiator is proposed for epoxy resin curing. With the same power of 100 W, epoxy resin is cured both by the proposed radiator working at a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz and single ultraviolet. Respectively, the ultraviolet radiation and microwave combined ultraviolet radiation are measured. The microwave radiation and plasma absorption of this radiator is close to 3:4 by simulation and experiment. In addition, experimental results indicate that the processing time using this radiator is 3.6 times shorter than using single ultraviolet. The toughness and adhesiveness of the epoxy resin after curing are compared by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffusion, and the fracture surface of the cured epoxy resin demonstrates that microwave combined ultraviolet curing is more effective.
The frictional energy dissipation and interfacial heat conduction in the sliding interface
Authors: Wei Zhiyong , Kan Yajing , Zhang Yan , Chen Yunfei
Published: November 2018

The energy dissipation rate and interfacial thermal conductance between two sliding surfaces are important to accurately predict the interface temperature rise, while their physical mechanism is not well understood. In this study the energy dissipation and interfacial thermal transport between a sliding silicon film and a fixed silicon substrate are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the mean friction force first increases with increasing normal load. However, when the normal load exceeds the critical value of about 60 eV/Å, the interface atoms begin to collapse, causing the mean friction force to drop with the further increase of the normal load. Our study also shows that the energy dissipated during the friction process is quantitatively equal to the conducted heat. By extracting the interfacial temperature difference, it is found that the interfacial thermal conductance in sliding state is 2∼4 times higher than that in static state with the same normal load from 10 to 60 eV/Å. This is because the interfacial atoms suffer great dynamic impacts during the friction process, which excites more non-equilibrium phonons and helps to enhance the phonon interfacial transmission coefficient. The present investigation demonstrates that the dynamic excitation induced by the friction process can modify the interfacial thermal conductance, which would be of great significance to accurately predict the temperature rise of the sliding interface.
Summary of an evidence-based guideline on soft tissue injuries and related disorders – Part 1: Assessment
Authors: Robb Gillian , Arroll Bruce , Reid Duncan , Goodyear-Smith Felicity
Published: November 2018

AIM: To provide a succinct summary of the diagnosis of soft tissue injuries to the shoulder for primary health care practitioners based on the New Zealand guideline. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team developed the guideline by critically appraising and grading retrieved literature using the Graphic Appraisal Tool for Epidemiology (GATE). Recommendations were derived from resulting evidence tables. RESULTS: Diagnostic ultrasound is a valid tool for the diagnosis of a full thickness rotator cuff tear. If a significant tear is suspected, referral for diagnostic ultrasound is recommended. There is a paucity of evidence for the diagnosis of soft tissue shoulder injuries and most recommendations are based on the consensus of the guideline team. CONCLUSION: Assessment relies on thorough history-taking and physician examination with appropriate referral where there is evidence of serious damage or the diagnosis remains unclear. KEYWORDS: Shoulder, shoulder pain, diagnosis, soft tissue injuries
Essay: Sub-threshold mental health syndromes: Finding an alternative to
the medication of unhappiness
Authors: Mathieson Fiona , Collings Sunny
Published: November 2018

Sub-threshold anxiety and depression are common presentations in primary care. They carry a significant disability burden along with the risk of developing a frank disorder. Intervention options are limited, although there is some evidence that ultra brief interventions may be effective with this patient group. We argue that there is a need for a systematic but ultra brief, minimal contact intervention, that can be delivered by GPs or practice nurses. Such an intervention would be a form of facilitated self-management, a step up from self-help, from which people could be referred on to more intensive treatment or medication if required. MeSH KEYWORDS: Primary health care, mental health, psychotherapy, mental disorders
Doctors and romance: Not only of interest ot Mills and Boon readers
Authors: Callister Paul , Badkar Juthika , Didham Robert
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCTION: Internationally there is a growing demand for health services. Skilled health workers, including doctors, have a high degree of international mobility and New Zealand (NZ) stands out internationally in terms of the significant flows of doctors in and out of the country. Through changes in training of doctors in NZ and migration flows, there have been major shifts in the composition of the medical workforce in NZ since the mid-1980s. AIM: Studies of the changing nature of the medical workforce often focus on gender and migration separately as well as only considering doctors as individuals. The aim of this exploratory study is to examine the living arrangements of doctors, the composition of migrant doctors who are coming to NZ, and to understand the educational and employment status of the partners of doctors. METHODS: This study is a descriptive analysis primarily using census data from 1986 through to 2006 and immigration data collected by the Department of Labour. RESULTS: Half of the female medical doctors approved for residence through the Skilled/Business stream migrated independently, while for male doctors less than a third came to NZ independently. Male migrant doctors were more likely to be partnered. Census data showed that people with medical backgrounds tend to partner with each other. However, these relationships are changing, as more women become doctors. In 1986 about 14% of male doctors had a nurse or midwife as a partner and nearly 9% had a doctor partner. By 2006 the proportion of partners of male doctors who were also doctors had risen to 16%, higher than the 9% who were nurses. For female doctors the changes are more dramatic. In 1986, 42% of female doctors in relationships had a doctor as a partner. By 2006, female doctors had increased substantially, but the percentage with a doctor partner had dropped to under a third. Well-qualified couples where one or both are doctors, have a greater propensity to live in main urban areas. DISCUSSION: Through official reports and extensive media coverage, the NZ public is well aware of local and national doctor shortages. There is also awareness, often through personal visits to a GP or hospital, of the significant rise in number of female and of foreign-born doctors. The choices doctors are making in living arrangements need to be taken into account when considering both national and international recruitment of medical staff. Researchers and policy makers may need to consider family migration issues more than they have in the past for doctors as well as for other migrant groups. KEYWORDS: Family practice; partners; emigration and immigration, female; manpower
Do scores in the selection process for vocational general practice training predict scores in vocational examinations?
Authors: Lillis Steven
Published: November 2018

AIM: Selection processes for vocational training are common and are intended to predict future examination performance (predictive validity). Comparison of selection scores with measures of competence during training can provide supporting evidence that both the examination process and selection process are valid and reliable. METHOD: Selection interview scores for vocational training in general practice were compared to summative examination scores eight months into training between 2003 and 2006. RESULTS: A moderately strong correlation (Spearman’s rho = 0.5) was found between selection interview scores and summative examination scores. CONCLUSION: The ability of a selection interview process to predict future performance in vocational training is highly dependent on careful design of both the assessment of performance and the selection process. The selection interview process of the RNZCGP compares well with international data. KEYWORDS: General practice; graduate medical education; professional competence; educational assessment; intake selection
Charms & Harms: Echinacea
Authors: Barnes Joanne
Published: November 2018

SUMMARY MESSAGE: Trials assessing echinacea for prevention and treatment of URTIs report conflicting results and at present there is insufficient evidence to recommend a particular preparation or dosage regimen. The limited data available indicate that echinacea preparations are generally well-tolerated, although allergic reactions may occur. As with other herbal medicines, echinacea products differ in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for efficacy and safety should be considered.
Practical Pointers: Learning to 'see' in the clinician-patient relationship
Authors: Buetow Stephen , Kenealy Tim
Published: November 2018

Medical education tends to praise or pay lip-service to the art of observation, while systematically teaching the science of technology. To the extent you were taught observation skills as clinicians, you may have learned how to listen and touch but not usually how to see your patients and yourself. This paper considers how to see in the clinicianpatient relationship, not merely in an optical sense but also to increase your perceptiveness. We suggest 10 strategies to enhance your ability to see. KEYWORDS: Observation, perception, visual, clinicianpatient relationship