bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploratory Analysis on the Chemical Composition of Aquatic Macrophytes in a Water Reservoir—Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Pitelli Robinson Antonio , Simões Rafael Plana , Pitelli Robinson Luiz , Rocha Rinaldo José da Silva , Merenda Angélica Maria Pitelli , da Cruz Felipe Pinheiro , Lameirão Antônio Manoel Matta dos Santos , Oliveira Júnior Arilson José de , Gomes Ramon Hernany Martins
Published: February 2025

This study explores the chemical composition of different macrophyte species and infers their potential in extracting nutrients and some heavy metals from water as well as the use of macrophytes’ biomass as natural fertilizers. It used a dataset obtained from a previous study composed of 445 samples of chemical concentrations in the dried biomass of 16 macrophyte species collected from the Santana Reservoir in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Correlation tests, analysis of variance, and factor analysis of mixed data were performed to infer correspondences between the macrophyte species. The results showed that the macrophyte species can be grouped into three different clusters with significantly different profiles of chemical element concentrations (N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, B, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Pb2+) in their biomass (factorial map from PCA). Most marginal macrophytes have a lower concentration of chemical elements (ANOVA p-value < 0.05). Submerged and floating macrophyte species presented a higher concentration of metallic and non-metallic chemical elements in their biomass (ANOVA p-value < 0.05), revealing their potential in phytoremediation and the removal of toxic compounds (such as heavy metal molecules) from water. A cluster of macrophyte species also exhibited high concentrations of macronutrients and micronutrients (ANOVA p-value < 0.05), indicating their potential for use as soil fertilizers. These results reveal that the plant’s location in the reservoir (marginal, floating, or submerged) is a relevant feature associated with macrophytes’ ability to remove chemical components from the water. The obtained results can contribute to planning the management of macrophyte species in large water reservoirs.
Investigation of the Anion Migration Mechanism in Microbial Desalination Cells: Interaction and Actual Operational Impact
Authors: Liang Jinyue , Gao Yong , Wu Wei , Tong Siqi , Wang Yi
Published: February 2025

Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are an efficient method for the desalination of saline wastewater driven by the metabolism of bacteria via an organic oxidation mechanism. Systematic studies have been conducted to elucidate anion-dominated interactions to avoid unforeseen risks in microbial desalination cells during the long-term treatment of complex wastewater containing various anions. Despite different anion migration interactions having less effect on MDC operation compared with cations, they are influenced by their own properties (hydrated ion radius, diffusion coefficient and equivalent conductance) and the ambient solution. This also led to the removal efficiency of different anions in MDC in the following sequence: NO3− > Cl− > SO42−. The high Gibbs hydration energy of SO42− and the hydrophobicity of the anion exchange membrane affect the transmembrane migration of SO42−. However, the high steric hindrance formed on the membrane also inhibits reverse diffusion at the end of the cycle. In addition, the anodic biotopography and community caused by the migration of different anions change, such that the number of denitrifying bacteria increases and the relative abundance of electrogenic bacteria further improves. With decreasing anodic pH, electrogenic microorganisms form a shell to protect against anodic biogenesis. In this study, MDC was used to treat actual industrial tailwater, and the salt removal efficiency stabilized at 63.2–74.1%.
Cotidiano e memória da independência moçambicana
Authors: Domenech de Souza Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

Este artigo mobiliza uma experiência etnográfica para pensar relações entre a independência moçambicana e o cotidiano vivenciado em machambas do sul de Moçambique. O objetivo é refletir como a experiência das transformações espoletadas pelo fim da época colonial inscreve-se em afetos, recordações, subjetividades, eventos, relações. Nesse sentido, a etnografia perpassa deslocamentos pelos terrenos agrícolas, pelas memórias sobre a libertação das terras férteis, pelas relações com as árvores frutíferas e pelos afetos entre as ruínas de antigos projetos de desenvolvimento rural.
Toothache plant: A comprehensive review focusing on its applications in dental health
Authors: Satapathy Soumya Subhashree , Bhuyan Ruchi , Pradhan Arun Kumar , Panda Nihar Ranjan , Bhuyan Sanat Kumar
Published: February 2025

The contemporary era showcases a growing emphasis on alternative medicine, specifically the utilization of ethnomedicine, which has gained significant attraction in recent times. This review explores the curative properties and ethnomedicinal utilization of the "Toothache plant" belonging to the Asteraceae family, the most common weed in crop fields. "Toothache plant" has added noteworthy attention in dentistry due to its unique properties. The toothache plant is well-known for providing numbing and analgesic effects by simply chewing the flowers due to the presence of active compounds such as Spilanthol. The analgesic property makes the plant a potential candidate for natural pain relievers, particularly in dentistry. Besides its dental application, this plant is used as an antidote for snake bites. This review summarises the ethnomedicinal values and clinical applications of the toothache plant, with a particular focus on oral health care, and the findings presented herein are anticipated to help in future research.
The epidemic process of tick-borne infections in Sverdlovsk region
Authors: Fedorova E. V. , Tretyakova N. N. , Slobodenyuk A. V.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To identify characteristics of the epidemic process of tick-borne infections in Sverdlovskaya Oblast (Russia) over a multi-year period, using the municipality of Alapaevsk as a case study.

   Materials and methods. Based on the state statistical reports from 2014 to 2023, the present study examines the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE), Lyme borreliosis (LB), and tick bites among the local population.

   Results. The incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis was found to be higher than that of Lyme borreliosis in Sverdlovskaya Oblast and the municipality of Alapayevsk. Both TBVE and LB show an annual incidence pattern in the region. In the municipality of Alapayevsk, TBVE was not recorded in the years 2014, 2018, and 2023, while LB was not registered in 2015 and 2021. The incidence rates for TBVE fluctuated between 2.30/0000 and 15.5 0/0000, while LB incidence ranged from 2.20/0000 to 13.30/0000. In the structure of morbidity, urban population predominated for both TBVE and LB, accounting for 81–87 %, with a majority being males. Notably, no cases of TBVE were registered among children.

   Conclusion. Sverdlovskaya Oblast and the municipality of Alapayevsk appear to be a natural focus of infection and faces the ongoing challenge with the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis, given the annual occurrences of population seeking medical assistance due to tick bites. The epidemic process of TBVE and LB involves primarily the adult population, predominantly males. In certain years, a dominance of one of the two parasitic diseases (TBVE or LB) has been observed.
Metabolically-oriented effect of fucoidan from Sargassum feldmannii brown algae on the mda-mb-231 human breast cancer cells
Authors: Malyarenko O. S. , Zueva A. O. , Usoltseva R. V. , Silchenko A. S. , Ermakova S. P.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To study the effect of fucoidan from brown algae S. feldmannii (SfF2) on the metabolism of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

   Materials and methods. The bioenergetic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells was assessed under the influence of various factors (insulin, epidermal growth factor, phorbol ester, and X-rays) stimulating tumor progression. The metabolically oriented effect of fucoidan SfF2 (200 µg/ml) on the colony formation process of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells was determined using the soft agar method under normal conditions and under the influence of various carcinogenic factors.

   Results. Fucoidan from brown algae S. feldmannii was found to reduce the number of colonies of MDA-MB-231 cells induced by insulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) by more than 50 % compared to control cells.

   Conclusion. The use of fucoidan as an adjunct to standard therapy appears to be a promising strategy for enhancing the efficacy of anticancer treatment.
Humoral and cellular factors of the mucosaal system of the respiratory tract in assessing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis
Authors: Kurbanova A. Yu. , Vasilenko I. A. , Egorov V. I.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To assess the efficacy of various types of comprehensive treatment for patients with chronic tonsillitis, using the dynamics of lysozyme, lactoferrin, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), and NETosis products in smears from the surface of the palatine tonsil lacunae as criteria.

   Materials and methods. The study enrolled 120 patients aged 18–65 years diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis. All patients were divided into three groups of 40 individuals each. Group 1 patients underwent a two-stage vacuum and manual lavage of the palatine tonsils, followed by intralacunar administration of an oil solution of chlorophyllipt. In Group 2, the procedures were supplemented with exposure to low-intensity laser radiation. In Group 3, intralacunar administration of exogenous nitric oxide was additionally applied. The levels of humoral factors (lactoferrin, lysozyme, and serum immunoglobulin A [sIgA]) and cellular factors (products of neutrophil extracellular trap transformation) of the mucosal system of the respiratory tract were evaluated before treatment, and 1, 6, and 12 months after therapy. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistica 12 software. The median, first and third quartiles of Me [LQ; UQ], mean value and standard deviation (M ± σ) were calculated. Statistical differences between groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. A significance level of p < 0.05 was accepted for all analyses.

   Results. Statistically significant improvement in humoral factors (lactoferrin, lysozyme, sIgA) of the mucosal system was observed in the combined treatment groups utilizing physiotherapeutic methods. The proportion of patients with no NETosis products at 1 month after the course of therapy accounted for 27.5 %, 37.5 % and 40 %, at 12 months – 22.5 %, 40 % (p < 0.05) and 35 % (p < 0.05) against the initial 17.5 %, 20 % and 17.5 % in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In Group 1, the number of patients with moderate and high levels of NETosis products decreased by 10 %, 5 %, and 10 % (p < 0.05) in one, six, and twelve months after therapy, respectively; in Group 2, it reduced by 19 % (p < 0.05), 14.3 % (p < 0.05), and 33.3 % (p < 0.05); in Group 3, this number declined by 33.3 % (p < 0.05), 23.8 % (p < 0.05), and 47.4 % (p < 0.05), correspondingly.

   Conclusion. When selecting a conservative treatment algorithm, the advantages lie with a combined approach that includes a comprehensive irrigation-elimination regimen alongside physiotherapeutic methods, particularly laser therapy and nitric oxide therapy, the efficacy of which can be objectively confirmed by the dynamics of humoral and cellular factors of the mucosal system of the respiratory tract.
Role of Education in Eliminating Gender Biases in Kavery Nambisan’s The Hills of Angheri
Authors: Vijay G. , Sudha A.D.
Published: February 2025

In a country like India, gender biases are like everyday routines. There are special roles for men, or sometimes there won’t be any roles at all. However, women are dumped with umpteen roles and responsibilities both in the family and society. In the name of family and societal values, women are forbidden from experiencing their fundamental rights like education, career, and personal likes and dislikes. A woman has to accustom herself to the existing norms in the family and society. Kavery Nambisan is a doctor by profession and also a prominent woman writer in Indian writing in English. Her novels include several women characters who struggle because of gender discrimination. Nambisan’s “The Hills of Angheri” portrays the struggle of the woman protagonist, Nalli, who faces enormous obstacles because of being a woman. The novel portrays how she overcomes those obstacles and achieves her dream of becoming a doctor through her education. This study focuses on highlighting the importance of education in empowering women in a society that shows a huge disparity between men and women.
Strategical Framework on Dyslexia: A Learning Disorder
Authors: Gayathiri M. , Rangannavar Bhimappa
Published: February 2025

Language education is enhancing skills in the primary to a global level for academic sectors. Many abilities help students in the school society through research components. Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that affects a child’s ability to read, write, and spell, despite having normal intelligence and educational opportunities. This paper explores key aspects of dyslexia, including its definitions, Concepts, traits, types, neurobiological basis, early signs and indications, and diagnosis approaches. Moreover, it investigates the challenges faced by children who are facing dyslexia in rural and urban India. Lastly, strategies for making inclusive classrooms are discussed to confirm equitable education for all learners.
La fallida cruzada nacional por la reforma judicial. Comentarios a la propuesta de enmienda constitucional planteada por los juristas independientes
Authors: Cruz Apaza Rodrigo René
Published: February 2025

El denominado Grupo de Juristas Independientes presentó el 28 de julio de 2022, ante el Tribunal Supremo Electoral, su propuesta de: “Iniciativa de Referendo constitucional para la reforma parcial de la Constitución”; un suceso que generó expectativas positivas como acres críticas para con el contenido de las proposiciones. Dicho colectivo movilizó recursos para instruir su proyecto a la ciudadanía y el bando contrario no permaneció inmóvil. Empero, en razón de que discursos provenientes de posiciones diametralmente opuestas receptó argumentos exclusivamente en pro o en contra, el presente escrito tiene por telos investigativo analizar las propuestas de reforma constitucional planteadas por los juristas independientes en aras de ofrecer a la opinión pública un abordaje con mayores dimensiones teóricas que las ofertadas en el escrito de base difundido.
La desplurinacionalización del Tribunal Constitucional. Sobre la nugatoria composición plurinacional del máximum áncora de la constitución
Authors: Cruz Apaza Rodrigo René
Published: February 2025

Bolivia es un Estado cuyo elemento poblacional es culturalmente abigarrado, esto es, una nación producto de la pletórica pluralidad cultural que dimana de sus pueblos y comunidades indígenas. Esta propiedad antropológica, ausente en el articulado de la constitución durante más de un siglo y medio –si nos ceñimos a una interpretación taxativamente literal del texto constitucional de 1826–, es en hogaño una de las bases fundamentales que informan al Estado, y, como tal, tiene una repercusión institucional transversal: incidencia en la elección de los órgano-personas de los órgano-instituciones del Estado; v. gr., el Tribunal Constitucional es adjetivado desde 2009 con el vocablo “Plurinacional”, rigiendo para su composición criterios especiales de conformación que responden al derecho de participación de los pueblos indígena originario campesinos en los órganos de poder e instituciones del Estado. No obstante ser el plurinacionalismo uno de los fustes de la narrativa constitucional boliviana, éste ha cejado a causa de una multiplicidad de óbices adversos a su efectiva materialización; denominamos a estos: factores de desplurinacionalización, fenómenos que enervan la fuerza normativa del art. 197.I de la constitución y que son menester identificar y analizar si nos tomamos en serio el plurinacionalismo. En consecuencia, estas labores precisadas constituyen el objeto de investigación del presente escrito.
Osseointegration Acceleration of Dental Implants by Weak Direct Current
Authors: Ostapovich A. A. , Ivashenko S. V. , Shpak I. I.
Published: February 2025

It is possible to improve the quality of treatment of patients using dental implants by strengthening the bone–dental implant connection with a weak direct current. Titanium electrodes simulating dental implants were used in the in vitro experiment. The electrodes were placed in collected human venous blood. In the experimental group, physiotherapy procedures were performed for 10 minutes using the developed device at a current of 15–20 μA. In the control group, titanium plates were placed in blood without electric current for 10 minutes. In the studied samples, the adhesion density of blood clots to the titanium plates, the thickness of blood clots, the number of platelets and erythrocytes were studied. It was found that the effect of an electric current of 15–20 μA on a blood clot through titanium plates contributes to thickening and compaction of blood clots on the surface of the electrodes. The number of red blood cells and platelets in the blood clot increases, which can have a positive effect on the process of osseointegration.
Mapeamento de cobertura e uso da terra no bioma Pampa utilizando diferentes sensores orbitais e classificador Random Forest
Authors: Trindade Patricia Michele Pereira , Peixoto Daniela Wancura Barbieri , Silveira Greice Vieira , Kuplich Tatiana  Mora , Narvaes Igor da Silva
Published: February 2025

The objective of the present research was to test the Random Forest algorithm for the classification of land use and land cover in an area with great declivity variation in the Pampa biome using optical data/Sentinel 2, thermal data/Landsat 8, and Digital Elevation Model ALOS PALSAR. The town of Caçapava do Sul was chosen as the pilot area for the development of the research, being considered the “state’s geodiversity capital”. The proposed methodology followed five main steps: 1 – segmentation of images, 2 – training, 3 – calculation of zonal statistics for each segment, 4 – classification, and 5 – validation. Twelve classifications of land cover were generated with different combinations of data. Crossing reference samples and classified maps made it possible to generate the accuracy metrics, among them the Global Accuracy (GA). The best general performance was ascertained in the classification achieved with the combination of optical bands and DEM, with 84,59% of GA, with the statistically significant difference among the other classifications. In this sense, we highlight the importance of the digital terrain elevation model combined with the optic data for the mapping of land use and land cover of regions with greater relief variation.
Evolução do uso e cobertura do solo e o cenário ambiental na região do Vale do Aço, MG.
Authors: Cordeiro Victor , Monteiro da Costa Adriana , Grancieri Debona Beatriz , Soares de Moura Maíse
Published: February 2025

Human development has resulted in accelerated interventions that surpass the limitations of the natural environment. However, the lack of environmental planning and uncontrolled growth can lead to the collapse of natural systems. In this context, scenario modeling proves to be a useful tool for understanding the physical environment, predicting transformations, and considering the natural uses and constraints of space. In the specific case of the Piracicaba River Watershed, the implementation of industries has caused significant changes in land use and land cover, especially in the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Aço. The objective of this study is to understand the relationships between the physical environment and human activities in this region, providing subsidies for territorial planning and sustainable management. To this end, the MapBiomas mapping was carried out in four distinct scenarios, and the Conservationist Use Potential (CUP) model was used to assess the natural predisposition of the environment. The overlay of this information allowed the identification of the dynamics of environmental use alteration with its natural characteristics. It was concluded that the region faces environmental conflicts due to pressures exerted on forest ecosystems, resulting in the degradation of the natural conditions of the environment by anthropic processes. Adequate measures are necessary to prevent further deterioration of the situation.
Áreas verdes multifuncionais:
Authors: Braz Villanova Luana , Travassos Luciana
Published: February 2025

Given the growing importance attributed to the concept of green infrastructure, this work, the result of the main author's master's thesis, aims to identify, through three case studies, whether the planning structures of some green areas in São José dos Campos- SP followed a model aimed at projecting green infrastructure. For that, the places were visited in order to observe the ecosystem services provided and if the green areas were connected to other green elements in the vicinity. The analyzes carried out allowed us to conclude that the municipality, from the point of view of these three case studies, was able to experiment with new green areas that were multifunctional and effective in providing ecosystem services when it came to parks, but ineffective with regard to small green areas. . The results found allow us to hope that green areas, like the case studies, designed in the future, will follow the same path.
Study of Scleractinian Coral Recruitment in the Waters of Tanjung Pisok and Siladen Island, Bunaken National Park
Authors: Lenak Maria Magdalena , Roeroe Kakaskasen , Paruntu Carolus , Mangindaan Remy , Manembu Indri , Rimper Joice
Published: February 2025

The research aimed to determine the recruitment density value of scleractinian coral juveniles in Tanjung Pisok (Meras and Bahowo) and Siladen Island. The method for selecting observation locations uses purposive sampling and collecting coral juvenile recruitment data using underwater photo transects. The results of this research obtained data on genus, size, and density values ​​for coral juvenile recruitment. The coral genera found at Station I were 19 genera with the largest number being the Porites genus, 32 colonies, Station II 13 genera with the largest number being the Favites genus, 32 colonies, and at Station III 17 genera with the largest number being the Porites genus, 32 colonies. Coral juveniles in this study were more dominant in the 2 cm - 2.9 cm size group, for Station I 63 colonies, Station II 54 colonies and Station III 32 colonies. Based on the results of this research, it shows that the coral recruitment density at Station I with a value of 12.38 colonies/m² is higher than Station II, the coral recruitment density at Station II with a value of 12.23 colonies/m² is higher than Station III with a value of 7.21 colonies/m².
Keywords: Recruitment; Scleractinia; Underwater Photo Transect; Bunaken National Park
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian menentukan nilai densitas rekrutmen juvenil karang scleractinia di perairan Tanjung Pisok (Meras dan Bahowo) dan pulau Siladen. Metode pemilihan lokasi pengamatan menggunakan purposive sampling dan metode pengumpulan data rekrutmen juvenil karang menggunakan underwater photo transect. Hasil penelitian ini memperoleh data genus, ukuran dan nilai densitas rekrutmen juvenil karang. Genus karang yang didapat di Stasiun I yaitu 19 genus dengan yang terbanyak genus Porites 32 koloni, Stasiun II 13 genus dengan yang terbanyak genus Favites 32 koloni, dan Stasiun III 17 genus dengan yang terbanyak genus Porites 32 koloni. Juvenil karang dalam penelitian ini lebih dominan pada kelompok ukuran 2 cm - 2.9 cm, untuk Stasiun I 63 koloni, Stasiun II 54 koloni dan Stasiun III 32 koloni. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan densitas rekrutmen karang di Stasiun I dengan nilai 12,38 koloni/m² lebih tinggi dari Stasiun II, densitas rekrutmen karang di Stasiun II dengan nilai 12,23 koloni/m² lebih tinggi dari Stasiun III dengan nilai 7,21 koloni/m².
Kata kunci: Rekrutmen; Scleractinia; Taman Nasional Bunaken; Underwater Photo Transect
Interfacial bottom-up fabrication of ultrathin nanoporous films: techniques, characterization and applications
Authors: Ishizaki Yuya , Yamamoto Shunsuke , Nagano Shusaku , Mitsuishi Masaya
Published: February 2025

The bottom-up fabrication technique is one of the key technologies taking place conventional top-down approaches to create nanoporous (NP) thin film materials with tailorable nanostructures such as film thickness, film density, pore form, and pore size with nanometer (or sub-nanometer)-scale accuracy. This progress review specifically highlights bottom-up fabrication techniques using two-phase interfaces including solid–gas interfaces, solid–liquid interfaces, liquid–liquid interfaces, and gas–liquid interfaces by referring to recent publications. Moreover, experimental techniques to analyze nanostructures of NP thin film materials from well-ordered regular structures to non-periodic structures are introduced. Finally, some emerging potential applications and future perspectives of NP thin film materials are mentioned by using the latest literature.
Evaluation of the Formation Mechanism and Management of Reserve Components to Improve National Defense Economic
Authors: Saputro Guntur Eko , Achmad Irdham , Santoso Totok Imam
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate recruitment and training mechanisms of the formation and management of reserve components in national defense.
Research methodology: The research method used is qualitative research with a case study design, which aims to obtain in-depth research results through data collection that contains meaning and can significantly influence the substance of a study based on a phenomenon.
Result: Results Based on data collected through in-depth interviews, case studies, literature studies, and documentation..
Limitation: However, in the mobilization system, the coaching and supervision of reserve components are considered not to have achieved the realization and arrangement of the objectives that should be expected.
Contribution: The findings and results of this study show that the management of reserve components in the initial preparation and formation has been carried out well.
Sosial Hukum dan Keadilan Untuk Semua: Menggugah Kesadaran Hukum pada Masyarakat Cahaya Negeri
Authors: Romanza Melli , Eceh Trisna Ayuh  , Titi Darmi
Published: February 2025

Legal awareness within society is a key factor in establishing a just and orderly social structure. Unfortunately, in Indonesia, legal awareness remains relatively low, as reflected in the frequent legal violations occurring in both private and public spheres. The program "Law and Justice for All: Raising Legal Awareness in Society" aims to enhance public understanding of their legal rights and obligations, as well as the crucial role law plays in achieving social justice.This program includes various activities such as seminars, panel discussions, legal awareness campaigns, free legal clinics, and paralegal training, all designed to provide practical and easily applicable legal education for the wider community. The goal is not only to improve legal knowledge but also to change societal behavior to foster greater respect for and adherence to the law.With an inclusive educational approach, the program is aimed at the general public, encouraging active participation in law enforcement and reducing legal violations. Ultimately, higher legal awareness is expected to form the foundation for a more just and harmonious society.
Upaya Kepala Desa dalam Mewujudkan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan yang Baik di Desa Tambak Rejo, Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara
Authors: Wirasanti Nadhilla , Titi Darmi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya kepala desa untu mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan desa di Desa Tambak Rejo Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Indikator yang dijadikan tolak ukur dalam penelitian ini adalah: Akuntabilitas, Transparansi, Partisipasi dan Supremasi Hukum. Untuk melihat keempat indikator tersebut digunakan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sekunder. Instrumen penelitian adalah peneliti sendiri dan beberapa alat pendukung seperti pedoman wawancara dan handphone. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa upaya kepala desa dalam mewujudkan pemerintahan desa di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara menunjukkan bahwa pemerintahan di perangkat desa sudah baik, hal ini terlihat dari indikator Akuntabilitas, Partisipasi, dan Supremasi Hukum yang telah dilaksanakan. dengan baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya kepala desa dalam mewujudkan good governance di Desa Tambak Rejo sudah dilaksanakan dengan cukup baik
دور مؤسسات البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في تمويل القطاع الخاص في نيجيريا: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: مبارك إبراهيم مرافا مبارك إبراهيم مرافا
Published: February 2025

دور مؤسسات البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في تمويل القطاع الخاص في نيجيريا: دراسة تحليلية تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل دور مؤسسات البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في تمويل القطاع الخاص في نيجيريا، مع التركيز على الأدوات والآليات التي تعتمدها هذه المؤسسات لدعم التنمية الاقتصادية والاستثمار. تناولت الدراسة أهمية التمويل الإسلامي كبديل للتمويل التقليدي في نيجيريا، خاصة في ظل التحديات الاقتصادية والمالية التي تواجهها الدولة. كما استعرضت الدراسة مساهمات البنك الإسلامي للتنمية، من خلال مؤسساته المختلفة مثل المؤسسة الإسلامية لتنمية القطاع الخاص (ICD) والمؤسسة الدولية الإسلامية لتمويل التجارة (ITFC)، في تقديم حلول تمويلية مبتكرة ومتوافقة مع الشريعة الإسلامية. ساهم البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في دعم المشروعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة في نيجيريا، من خلال توفير التمويل الميسر وتعزيز الشراكات مع البنوك المحلية. قدم البنك أدوات تمويلية إسلامية مثل المرابحة، المشاركة، والاستصناع، ما ساعد على تعزيز النشاط الاقتصادي وزيادة فرص العمل. عملت المؤسسة الإسلامية لتنمية القطاع الخاص (ICD) على توفير استثمارات مباشرة وغير مباشرة لدعم النمو المستدام للشركات النيجيرية. ساهمت المؤسسة الدولية الإسلامية لتمويل التجارة (ITFC) في تسهيل عمليات التجارة الخارجية، مما عزز قطاع التصدير والاستيراد في البلاد. ضرورة توسيع نطاق التمويل الإسلامي ليشمل قطاعات حيوية مثل الزراعة والصناعة والبنية التحتية. تعزيز الشراكة بين مؤسسات البنك الإسلامي للتنمية والجهات الحكومية والقطاع الخاص لضمان استدامة التمويل. زيادة الوعي بآليات التمويل الإسلامي بين رواد الأعمال والمستثمرين لتعزيز الاستفادة منها يلعب البنك الإسلامي للتنمية دورًا حيويًا في تمويل القطاع الخاص في نيجيريا، من خلال تقديم حلول مالية متوافقة مع الشريعة الإسلامية، مما يسهم في تعزيز النمو الاقتصادي وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة في البلاد..
Reliability-Based Analysis of Steel Portal Frame Eurocode Design Criteria Subjected to Flexural and Lateral Torsional Instability
Authors: Abimbola Yusuf Zainab , Kaura Jibrin Mohammed , Wilson Uwemedimo Nyong
Published: February 2025

Steel portal frames, used in factories, workshops, shopping complexes, and warehouses, provide large clear spans. Eurocode 3, a semi-probabilistic design code based on limit state design and adopted in Nigeria, does not fully address uncertainties in load and resistance variables, affecting frame performance in service. This study evaluates the reliability of three-hinged steel portal frames by analyzing three primary failure modes: flexural instability of frame stanchions (failure mode 1), flexural instability of frame rafters (failure mode 2), and lateral torsional instability of stanchions and rafters (failure mode 3). Limit state functions for these failure modes were derived from Eurocode 3 specifications and structural analysis load effects. Stochastic models of uncertain parameters are obtained from the literature. The First-Order Reliability Method (FORM), using a MATLAB program, evaluates the limit state functions and determines failure probability. Results show that for failure mode 1, Eurocode's target reliability of 3.8 is met if Xc is at least 0.85 for stanchions and 0.6 for rafters. At flexural buckling (XLT = 1.0), lateral-torsional stability yields a safety index of 5.8. For failure modes 1 and 2, the safety index decreases with a higher dead load to variable load ratio. For all failure modes, the safety index increases with higher steel grades and coefficient of variation (CoV). To ensure safety, the study recommends fully accounting for uncertainties in design to prevent up to a 60% compromise in portal frame safety.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Dexamethasone as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgeries
Authors: Alam Md. Hassnul , Alamed Mohammad Shakil , Moral Md. Salim , Siddique Abul Bashar Md , Taher Abu , Rashid Md. Harun-ur- , Mazumder Dipika
Published: February 2025

Background: Effective regional anesthesia techniques are crucial for optimal pain management in upper limb surgeries. This study compares dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care Medicine at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over one year (June 2022 to May 2023). Sixty adult patients undergoing elective upper limb surgeries were randomized into two groups: Group A (dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg with bupivacaine) and Group B (dexamethasone 4 mg with bupivacaine). Outcomes measured included onset and duration of sensory and motor blocks, duration of analgesia, and adverse events. Results: Group A demonstrated a significantly prolonged duration of analgesia (median: 1027.5 minutes; interquartile range [IQR]: 71.25) compared to Group B (median: 900 minutes; IQR: 108.75; p < 0.001). Sensory and motor block durations were also significantly longer in Group A (p < 0.05). The onset times for sensory and motor blocks were slightly delayed in Group A compared to Group B. No adverse events such as hypotension, bradycardia, or sedation were observed in either group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine provides superior prolongation of sensory and motor blocks and postoperative analgesia compared to dexamethasone when used as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Both adjuvants were safe, with no reported complications.
Pengaruh Dexmedetomidine Intravena terhadap Kadar Superoxide Dismutase 1 (Sod-1) Hepar Kelinci pada Hepatic Ischemic Reperfusion Injury Model
Authors: Kuncoro Dodhi , Noviasari Nina Anggraeni , Istiqomah Istiqomah , Muslimah Muslimah , Basuki Rochman , Fuad Wijayanti
Published: February 2025

Ischemic Reperfusion Injury is a state where there is cellular damage as a result of organ hypoxia are accompanied by improved delivery oksigen.Cedera after ischemia reperfusion marked with an oxidant production, complement activation, leukocyte endothelial cell adhesion, platelet aggregation of leukocytes, increased microvascular permeability and a decrease in the endothelium relaxation dependent.Enzym ie superoxide scavenging superoxide dismutase (SOD), plays a role in protecting the organ from organ damage due to ischemia-reperfusion injury.Hepar is the organ most in producing superoxide dismutase (SOD-1)as a result of injury after ischemic reperfusion. To determine the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine on levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) rabbit liver in hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury. Methods, An experimental study Randomize Post Test Only Control Group Design uses 10 New Zealand rabbits. 5 rabbits given the form of dexmedetomidine treatment of 0.5 mcg / kg / h and performed occlusion of the portal vein hepatica (K1). 5 rabbits untreated (KK) also performed hepatic portal vein occlusion and examination superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) as a control. Shapiro Wilk normality test and parametric tests using independent t-test. Results, The mean levels of SOD-1 group konrol 0.54 ± 0.24 and a P value of 0.76 (normal) and average levels of SOD-1 in the treatment group 1.22 ± 0.43 and a P value of 0.129 (normal).Uji parametric test with Independent t-test available p = 0,017.Because value of p <0.05, we conclude there is a significant difference. Conclusion, Dexmedetomidine significantly increase the value of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) in rabbits given new zealand treatment of occlusion of the hepatic portal vein.
Bangladesh Records World’s First HMPV Death: An Urgent Appeal for Health System Readiness in Low-Income Nations
Authors: Md. Salman Sohel , Md. Khaled Sifullah , Raiyan Rahman Riyad
Published: February 2025

I am reaching out to raise an alarm about the world’s first human metapneumovirus (HMPV) related death reported in Bangladesh highlighting an urgent global health concern on 16 January 2025 (Anadolu Agency, 2025). This 30-year-old woman with pre- existing health comorbidities is a harbinger of systemic vulnerabilities in basic healthcare delivery systems and -- this incident will be a wake-up call for low-income countries. HMPV's ability to cause severe respiratory infections, especially in at-risk groups such as young children, older adults, and those with chronic diseases, makes this case a priority for global concern (Jamil, Sohel, & Muhammad, 2025). HMPV has spread in Bangladesh since 2017, but the recorded first fatality underscores the lack of early detection public health education, and clinical preparedness (The Daily Star, 2025). In the absence of a specific antiviral agent or vaccine, improved supportive care, including hydration, oxygen therapy, and mechanical ventilation (BSS, 2025). What happened in Bangladesh is not an anomaly but a manifestation of vulnerabilities endemic to low-income countries around the world. Diagnostic skills are limited, struggles for intensive care resources are common and healthcare workers lack the relevant training — all of which make these countries ill-equipped to effectively treat emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 (The Business Standard, 2025).
Phytosanitary safety of agrocenoses of winter rape in Ukraine under the conditions of climate change
Authors: Borzykh O. , Chaika V. , Bublyk L. , Bakhmut O. , Shevchuk O. , Kruk I. , Fedorenko A. , Gavrylyuk L. , Vlasova O. , Makovetskyi Yu.
Published: February 2025

Goal. To analyze the multi-year population dynamics of the main pests of winter rape (Brassica napus L.) in different soil-climate zones of Ukraine in order to determine the impact of climate changes on the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses in 2012—2022.
Methods. Analytical-synthetic method and computer modeling were used in the research. The results of monitoring of the development and spread of pests in agrocenoses of winter rapeseed and the forecast of their phytosanitary status during 2012—2022 were used as initial data. The long-term database of the Hydrometeorological Center of Ukraine was used to analyze the course of natural warming. The sums of effective temperatures for the development of insects were calculated for each soil-climate zone of Ukraine.
Results. Ecological and statistical analysis of long-term data bases of winter rapeseed pest populations, dynamics of agrometeorological indicators was carried out. It was established that during 2012—2022, the sum of effective temperatures constantly exceeded the climatic norms in all soil-climate zones of Ukraine. There was a deterioration of heat and moisture supply during the growing season. As a result of climatic changes, the complex of pests is undergoing transformations.
Conclusions. It has been established that as a result of climate changes, the area favorable for the cultivation of winter field crops, in particular winter rapeseed, is decreasing. The ability of the territory to self-cleaning falls. The long-term dynamics of the populations of the harmful entomocomplex of winter rape demonstrates a consistently high number of cruciferous fleas, rape flower beetle, rape stem borer and a tendency to increase the number of the latter. The crop is most vulnerable to phytophages in the seedling and budding-flowering phases, which must be taken into account when developing crop protection systems.
A new danger for hop plants
Authors: Wenher O. , Fedorchuk N. , Shevchuk О.
Published: February 2025

Goal. To scientifically substantiate the ecological and biological features of the development of gray mold and to establish the patterns of influence of various methods of gray mold control on hops.
Methods. Field — combined with visual observations and records; calculation and comparison — to determine the effectiveness of measures; laboratory to determine the content of biochemical components of cones; mathematical and statistical to identify the parameters of quantitative variability using dispersion and correlation-regression analysis to assess the reliability of the obtained results.
Results. In 2021—2023, monitoring and phytosanitary diagnostics of gray mold development patterns in the hop agrocenosis depending on climatic factors were carried out, and the level of harmfulness under the influence of various schemes and methods of regulating its prevalence was determined. The calculation of the effectiveness of methods of control and phytosanitary optimization of hops was carried out with the processing of the obtained data, the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the harvest were determined. It has been proven that mechanical damage contributes to damage to hop plants by the pathogen Botrytis cinerea Pers. et Fr. in the phase of growth of branches before flowering, and the signs appear mainly after its flowering in July. The conidial stage of the fungus predominates on the affected hop tissues. It was established that the spread of plant damage by the causative agent of gray mold of hop plantations of Ukraine was up to 40% in Zhytomyr region, and in Khmelnytskyi, Rivne and Lviv regions — up to 25% with an intensity of up to 29%. A selected group of selection numbers that are reliably more resistant to gray mold.
Conclusions. The regularities of the development of gray mold on hops depending on climatic factors have been established, as well as the level of harmfulness under the influence of various schemes and methods of regulating its prevalence, which ensure the preservation of the harvest up to 0.9 t/ ha of hop cones and 1.07% alpha-acid with a profit of up to UAH 265.000/ha.
Potato productivity during the growth biostimulator Aminostym usage
Authors: Gavrilyuk A.
Published: February 2025

Goal. To calculate the effectiveness of the effect of stagnation of the biological growth stimulator Aminostim on the productivity of potato crops.
Methods. Field (sampling of plant material and its analysis). The study of the effectiveness of the frozen biological product was carried out on the basis of the Ukrainian Research Station for Plant Quarantine of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS for implementation in 2023—2024, on a natural infectious background and. The additional preparation was sprayed on vegetative plants (30 ml/10 l/1 sq.m.). Aminostim — contains amino acids that are easily digestible for plants (L-α-amino acids) — 134 g/l, nitrogen dioxide — 24 g/l, water-soluble phosphorus — 20 g/l, water-soluble potassium — 20 g/l, auxins — 10 g/l and cytokinins — 0.03 g/l. During the growing season, the first application of the preparation was carried out when the sprouts were compacted in the rows, and the next three times were applied through the skin after 12 days.
Results. The use of Aminostim on potato plants during the growing season had a positive effect on their productivity. The yield increase was 0.3 t/ha, which is 14% more than in the control. The number of tubers per bush is 2.7 pieces higher than in the control variant. Stagnation of the stimulant had a positive effect on the fractional composition of the bulbs. There was a change in the number of potato fraction by 7.6%, while the number of vegetable fraction increased by 12.5%. A large number of bulbs of the large fraction was lost without changes (8.8%).
Conclusions. The biological stimulant showed dryness similar to Alternaria of potato. The development of the disease in the Knyaginya variety under the stimulant treatment was 47.5%, while in the control it was 59.4%. From an economic point of view, the most promising is the use of the stimulant Aminostim in organic farming and in systems of integrated protection of potatoes against diseases.
INOVASI PRODUK APLIKASI MOBILE JKN VERSI 4.11.2 DI BPJS KESEHATAN CABANG BANDUNG
Authors: Diawati Prety , Najiba Hudawiyah Eba
Published: February 2025

Di era digital yang berkembang pesat, masyarakat semakin menuntut layanan publik yang cepat, mudah, dan efisien, termasuk di sektor kesehatan. BPJS Kesehatan tidak luput dari tuntunan tersebut, dengan jumlah peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) mencapai 277.538.004 jiwa pada 31 Oktober 2024, menghadapi tantangan besar dalam memberikan pelayanan yang memadai. Data menunjukkan peningkatan kunjungan pasien ke fasilitas kesehatan dari 92,3 juta pada tahun 2014 menjadi 233,1 juta pada tahun 2021, kecuali penurunan pada tahun 2020 akibat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menyoroti masalah peningkatan kunjungan peserta BPJS Kesehatan ke fasilitas kesehatan atau kantor cabang. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, BPJS Kesehatan mengembangkan Inovasi Produk Aplikasi Mobile JKN Versi 4.11.2, yang bertujuan mempermudah akses informasi dan layanan administrasi bagi peserta. Inovasi produk ini memiliki lima karakteristik, yaitu keunggulan relatif (relative advantage), kesesuaian (compatibility), kompleksitas (complexity), ketercobaan (trialabillity), dan keterlihatan (observability). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran hambatan dan solusinya yang terjadi pada Inovasi Produk Aplikasi Mobile JKN Versi 4.11.2, di BPJS Kesehatan Cabang Bandung. Menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pendekatan studi kasus, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Inovasi Produk Aplikasi Mobile JKN 4.11.2, menunjukkan aplikasi ini berpotensi besar untuk diadopsi oleh masyarakat karena sifatnya yang inovatif.
 
Kata Kunci: Inovasi Produk.