bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Role of the Aerial Parts of Aconitum violaceum
Authors: Khan Farman Ali , Khan Sardaraz , Khan Nasir Mehmood , Khan Hidayatullah , Khan Shahnaz , Ahmad Shujaat , Rehman Noor , Aziz Riffat
Published: January 2021

Abstract. In the current studies, crude and subsequent fractions of Aconitum violaceum aerial parts were screened for their toxicity, antimicrobial effects as well as antioxidant potential. Phytochemically, the plant is enriched in alkaloids alongside anthraquinones (present in ethyl acetate fraction (AV3) and saponins (detected in chloroform fraction (AV2). In Brine shrimp lethality assay, AV3 was the most potent (59 %) in killing Artemia naupili larvae at a dose of 1000 µg/mL. AV3 exhibited strongest antimicrobial effect against the bacteria E. coli (80 %) and S. flexneri (76 %) as well as against the tested fungi, A. niger (86 %) respectively. However, chloroform fraction (AV2) was the most effective (almost 90 %) antifungal against A. niger and C. albicans. Overall, strong antioxidant activity was observed for AV3 with IC50 values of 120.04 ± 0.4 µg/mL (65.4 ± 0.01 standard) in DPPH and 125.1 ± 0.3 µg/mL (2.0 ± 0.03 standard) in ABTS free radical assays. AV3 showed promising inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) 70 ± 0.8 % and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) 57 ± 0.2 % at dose of 100 µg/mL thus confirming a potent invitro cholinesterase inhibitory effect. The overall results indicated strong biological potential of ethyl acetate fraction obtained form A. violaceum and a possible new therapeutic source could be formulated from its pure isolates.
 
Resumen. 

En este estudio, se analizaron debido a su toxicidad, las fracciones crudas y posteriores de las partes aéreas de Aconitum violaceum, sus efectos antimicrobianos y potencial antioxidante. Fitoquímicamente, la planta está enriquecida en alcaloides junto con antraquinonas (presentes en la fracción de acetato de etilo (AV3) y saponinas (detectadas en la fracción de cloroformo (AV2). En el ensayo de letalidad del camarón en salmuera, AV3 fue el más potente (59%) para matar las larvas de Artemia naupili a una dosis de 1000 μg / ml. AV3 mostró el efecto antimicrobiano más fuerte contra las bacterias E. coli (80 %) y S. flexneri (76 %), así como contra los hongos probados, A. niger (86 %) respectivamente. Sin embargo, la fracción de cloroformo (AV2) fue el antifúngico más eficaz (casi el 90%) contra A. niger y C. albicans. En general, se observó una fuerte actividad antioxidante para AV3 con valores de CI50 de 120.04 ± 0.4 μg / ml (65.4 ± 0,01 estándar) en DPPH y 125.1 ± 0.3 μg / mL (2.0 ± 0.03 estándar) en ensayos de radicales libres ABTS. AV3 mostró una inhibición prometedora contra la acetilcolinesterasa (AChE) 70 ± 0.8 % y la butirilcolinesterasa (BChE) 57 ± 0.2 % a una dosis de 100 μg / mL confirmando así un potente efecto inhibidor de la colinesterasa in vitro. Todos los resultados indicaron un fuerte potencial biológico de la fracción de acetato de etilo obtenida de A. violaceum y se podría formular una posible nueva fuente terapéutica a partir de sus aislados puros.
Understanding the Reactivity of C-Cyclopropyl-N-Methylnitrone Participating in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions Towards Styrene with a Molecular Electron Density Theory Perspective
Authors: Mohammad-Salim Haydar A.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of C-cyclopropyl-N-methylnitrone 1 with styrene 2 have been studied within molecular electron density theory (MEDT) at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. These zwitterionic type 32CA reactions occur through a one-step mechanism. The 32CA reactions undergo four stereo- and regioisomeric reaction paths to form four different products, 3, 4, 5 and 6.  Analysis of the conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) indices predict the global electronic flux from the strong nucleophilic nitrone 1 to the styrene 2. These 32CA reactions are endergonic with reactions Gibbs free energies between 2.83 and 7.39 kcal.mol-1 in the gas phase. The 32CA reaction leading to the formation of cycloadduct 3 presents the lowest activation enthalpy than the other paths due to a slightly increase in polar character evident from the global electron density transfer (GEDT) at the transition states and along the reaction path. The bonding evolution theory (BET) study suggests that these 32CA reactions occur through the coupling of pseudoradical centers and the formation of new C-C and C-O covalent bonds has not been started in the transition states.
 
Resumen. Las reacciones de cicloadición [3+2], denotadas como 32CA, entre C-ciclopropil-N-metilnitrona 1y estireno 2se estudian mediante la teoría de la densidad electrónica molecular (MEDT) utilizando el nivel de teoría B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p). Estas reacciones 32CA de tipo zwiteriónicasse llevan por un mecanimso de un paso. Las reacciones 32CA ocurren a través de cuatro caminos estereo y regioisoméricos de reacción formando cuatro diferentes productos 3, 4, 5y 6. El análisis de los índices de la teoría conceptual de funcionales de la densidad (CDFT) predice un flujo electrónico global de la nitrona 1, un nucleófilo fuerte, al estireno 2. En fase gaseosa,estas reacciones 32CA son endergónicas con energías libres de Gibbs entre 2.83 y 7.39 kcal.mol-1. La reacción 32CA que lleva a la formación del cicloaducto 3tiene la menor entalpía de activación de las cuatro consideradas y esto se debe a un ligero incremento en el carácter polar que es evidente con la transferencia global de densidad electrónica (GEDT) en los estados de transición y a lo largo de los caminos de reacción. El esudio mediante la teoría de evolución del enlace (BET) sugiere que estas reacciones 32CA ocurren mediante el acoplamiento de centros pseudoradicalesy la formación de nuevos enlaces covalentes C-C y C-O que no han iniciado en el estado de transición.
Pengembangan LKPD Gerak Harmonik Sederhana Berbasis Hands On dan Minds On Activity untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors:   Prodi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Ramadhani Rina , Miriam Sarah ,   Prodi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Mahtari Saiyidah ,   Prodi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
Published: January 2021

Student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity that designed to improve student learning outcomes is not yet available, especially for simple harmonic movement. The aims of this research are to produce simple harmonic movement’s student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity that are valid and practice. The model that used for this research is the ADDIE model, within simple harmonic movement’s student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity as the subject of this research. The subject of this research is student worksheet. The data of this research is obtained from validity sheets and assessment sheets of student worksheet legibility by students. Data analysis was performed through the validity tests and the average score of student worksheet legibility by students. This research shows that: (1) the validity of simple harmonic movement’s student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity is 3,23 that categorized as valid; and (2) the practicality of simple harmonic movement’s student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity is 72,00% that categorized as practice. It can be concluded that simple harmonic movement’s student worksheet based on hands on and minds on activity can be used in the learning process.
Pengembangan Modul Praktikum Fisika Berbasis Open Ended Problem Pada Pokok Bahasan Getaran Harmonis
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, Wachidatun Niklah Dinni , Hariati Winingsih Puji ,   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, Fitri Amalia Ayu ,   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, FKIP, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop and test the feasibility of physics practicum modules based on open ended problems on the subject of harmonic vibrations. This research type is research and development (R & D) by Sugiyono using 8 stages, namely potential and problems, data collection, product design, validation of practicum modules, improvement of practicum modules, practicum module trials, revision of practicum modules, and final products. The feasibility test for practicum module based on open ended problem uses a Likert scale questionnaire with validation by two validators. Research subjects MIPA MAN 5 Cirebon students, amounting to 9 students. The instrument used in the form of practical modules and questionnaire responses of students. The results of this research and development analysis were produced by practicum module products based on open ended problems on the subject of harmonic vibrations with an average validator score of 5.00 or (100%) with the Very Good (SB) category and the average score of students 4, 02 (80.40%) included in the Good category (B). So it can be concluded that the development of physics modules based on open ended problems is feasible to be used as practical teaching materials.
Study impact toughness on polyester matrix composite fiberglass reinforced Musa acuminata stem fibers as raw material of rear bumper vehicle
Authors: Sujita Darmo Darmo  , Rudy Sutanto Sutanto
Published: January 2021

The use of natural fibers as composite reinforcement has various advantages, including as substitute for artificial fiber, low price, able to reduce sound, environmentally friendly, has low density, good fit and ability to absorb impact energy, making it possible to use it as a vehicle accessory such as a rear bumper vehicle. This study aims to investigate the impact toughness performance of the fiberglass matrix composite polyester (FMCP) reinforced fiber Musa acuminata stem fiber (MASF), with a volume fraction of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Polyester matrix type 157 is used BQTN and G3253T, MEKPO catalyst. The impact toughness test was carried out by using the charpy method impact test instrument, observing the microstructure of the occurrence of fracture by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composite impact test specimen was 12.7 thick mm refers to the ASTM D 256 standard, produced by the hand layup method. The most optimal volume fraction impact test at a volume fraction of 20% MASF: 80% Matrix, with an impact energy of 14.47 J, impact toughness 0.094 J/mm2. The results showed that the addition of MASF increased the impact toughness of the composite by 14.69% compared to composites 0.0122 J/mm2. Based on SEM observations, it can be seen that the 20% MASF volume fraction of the bonds between the matrix and the fibers are perfectly integrated. The results showed that the addition of MASF increased the impact toughness of the composite by 14.69% compared to composites 0.0122 J/mm2. However, if a volume fraction ratio above 20% MASF is used, the impact toughness is decreased.
Personalization of an educational scenario of a learning activity according to the learning styles model David Kolb
Authors: Anoir Lamya  , Zargane Kawtar  , Erradi Mohamed  , Khaldi Mohamed
Published: January 2021

The personalization of learning remains a very important subject in research particularly with the progression of technology, it refers to a pedagogical approach that is located in an intermediate space where teaching and learning come together with devices personalized and adapted training courses for the different learner profiles in a social learning context. We offer a general approach to the personalization of teaching scenarios during the different types of teaching activities and taking consideration the learning styles of the learners and based on the Kolb learning style model. Our research work aimed at developing a personalized and adaptive learning system to meet the needs of learners and adequate with their preferences and profiles all throughout the learning process offered by the system by making a correspondence with the suitable pedagogical scenario with each profile and each activity.
Development of computer media for interactive learning on the course of application fluid mechanics in the study program of D3 mechanical engineering
Authors: Adi Bandono  , Okol Sri Suharyo
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research, in general, is to design and develop interactive learning media in the fluid mechanics' course of applications for D3 mechanical engineering students at the Indonesian Naval Technology College (STTAL) to solve learning problems and improve student competence so that independent students can be formed in the learning process. The specific purpose of this research is to produce an interactive learning media, an alternative learning experience that can be accessed anywhere and anytime so that it can provide a deeper understanding and to assess the process and learning outcomes of the fluid mechanics subject in STTAL mechanical engineering D3 study programs. This research uses the R n D, development model. The process of developing interactive learning computer media is carried out in several stages, starting from identification of potentials and problems, data collection, product design, design validation by material experts and media experts, design revision, and product testing. Data analysis was obtained from the results of filling out the checklist by each expert and student questionnaire. To determine the effectiveness of interactive learning computer media in improving learning outcomes used data analysis using the t-test. The subjects of this research are students of the D3 Mechanical Engineering STTAL study program and the research objects to be developed are fluid mechanics applications. The benefit of this research collaboration is a form of sharing of expertise so that it is expected to obtain output in the form of measuring the quality of the fluid mechanics' course application for students of the STTAL mechanical engineering D3 study program in the form of interactive learning media on learning application fluid mechanics courses.
The effect of emotional marketing and marketing strategy on purchase decisions through consumer satisfaction as a mediation variables in PT. Nureka Bintang Abadi
Authors: Riko Cahyo Pribadi  , Abdul Rivai  , Suharto
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of emotional marketing and marketing strategies on purchasing decisions through customer satisfaction. This study uses an explanatory analysis approach, meaning that each variable presented in the hypothesis will be observed by testing the causal relationship of the independent variable to the dependent variable. The population in this study were customers of PT. Nureka Bintang Abadi. While the sample used includes 60 company customers who make purchases. The results showed that emotional marketing had a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Marketing strategy has a significant impact on purchasing decisions. Consumer satisfaction has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Emotional marketing has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Marketing strategy has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. The effect of emotional marketing and marketing strategies on direct purchasing decisions is smaller than through customer satisfaction. In this case, it can be said that customer satisfaction is an intervening variable.
Strategies for re-orienting agricultural education towards hands on experience in Rivers State Universities
Authors: Amadi NS  , Adejoh G
Published: January 2021

The study examines the strategies for re-orienting agricultural education towards hands on experience in Rivers State Universities. The objectives of the study was to students’ assessment, teaching strategies, and administrative strategies for re-orienting agricultural Education Towards hands on experience in Rivers State Universities. Three research questions and hypotheses were formulated. The design of the study employed was a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 18 agricultural education lecturers from Rivers State Universities. The sampling technique used was census sampling technique, therefore all the population was used for the study. The instrument used for the study was a self-designed questionnaire. The instrument was vetted for validity and reliability. Cronbach Alpha reliability formula was used to establish the reliability of the study which gave a 0.95 reliability coefficient. The method of data analysis used were mean and standard deviation while independent sample t-test was used to test hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that assessing students’ pedagogical knowledge, evaluating students’ agricultural content mastery, appraising students based on their practical competence, consistent use of demonstration farms, use of assignment/project method for teaching practical, close supervision of students during practical exercises, encouraging the use of farm workshops, approving awards of certificate of excellence only when students are able to demonstrate professional competences in farming, provision of instructional materials for teacher among others. The study recommended that administrators should place much emphasis on the need for students to display absolute competency in agricultural production before award of degrees, this will enforce students to take their practical works very serious.
Effect of ethanol leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis on male reproductive activities
Authors: Grace Emmanuel Essien  , Grace Sylvester Effiong  , Nse Udoka Ebe  , Edikan Nkop Enoch  , Emmanuel Onyi Nwuzor
Published: January 2021

Telfairia occidentalis is a medicinal plant known to exhibit a wide range of biological activities because of the presence of phytochemicals like tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. In this research work, the phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activities of Telfairia occidentalis leaves were evaluated. Also, this research work was designed to evaluate the effect of Telfairia occidentalis on reproductive hormones and sexual behaviour in male Albino Wistar rats using standard analytical methods. Twenty-five (25) sexually matured male rats were divided into five (5) groups of five (5) rats each; groups 1 and 2 were the normal and positive controls and were given distilled water and the standard drug (Manix Capsule) respectively while groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered the ethanol extract of the plant in graded dosages of 400, 200, and 100mg/kg respectively. Also 12 sexually matured female Albino rats were used for the assessment of sexual behavior.The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenes and flavonoids while, the leaves showed a significant free radical scavenging activities with IC50 90μg/ml. The hormonal result showed that the extract cause a dose dependent significant increase (p<0.05) in testosterone when compared with the normal control. However, there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels also in comparison with the normal control. In conclusion, the ethanol leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis increases the reproductive hormones which might increase the reproductive activities of the male rats.
Drosera indica as an indoor biological control against mosquitoes
Authors: Alma E. Nacua  , Noami D. Solano
Published: January 2021

In the wild, carnivorous plants obtain some nutrients by trapping and digesting various invertebrates, and occasionally even small frogs and mammals. Because insects are one of the most common prey items for most carnivorous plants, they are sometimes called insectivorous plants The aim of this study is to identify Drosera indica indeed a carnivorous plant to control indoor mosquitoes in Metro Manila. Experimental Method of research. Controlled pot plant were placed in the Urban garden of UDM and observed to trapped insects. Another pot plant was placed inside the room that verified attracted insects. The Experimental period runs for 7 days from October 5 to 11, 2020. Conclusion: Based on the results and finding, Drosera indica is an insectivorous plant that preys on Aedes aegypti and Anopheles mosquitoes
Ferritin and genu joints ultrasound in major-beta thalassemia
Authors: Widiastuti Soewondo  , Nur Arif Wibowo  , Muchtar Hanafi  , Amelia Tjandra Irawan  , Sulistyani Kusumaningrum  , Muhammad Riza  , Ari Probandari  , Luths Maharina
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between ferritin levels and the ultrasound of genu joints in Major-beta Thalassemia patients who undergo repeated transfusions. Methods: 43 major-beta thalassemia patients who met the inclusion criteria had their genu joint examined by ultrasonography in the Radiology Department of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. We analyzed several variables related to synovial thickening, synovial vascularization and joint effusion in these patients. Results: From 43 samples, the median value of ferritin was 2976.8 (702.2-8897.7) ng/mL and the median of average transfusion was 15 (5-67) times. Analysis with Mann Whitney's non-parametric hypothesis test showed a statistically significant relation between ferritin levels and the presence or absence of ultrasonographic genu joint manifestations in general (p = 0.006) and hypoechoic synovial joint thickening (p = 0.020) Conclusion: Major-beta thalassemia patients with ferritin levels> 2976.8 ng/mL had a 1.73 times higher risk for thickening of the synovial joints and 1.50 times higher for having genu joint manifestations. The frequency of transfusion showed a statistically significant relationship with the thickening of the synovial joint. Repeated transfusions more than 15 times increased the prevalence of the synovial joints thickening by 1.57 times.
Dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) attenuates dexamethasone activity on prostaglandin E-2 but potentiates thromboxane-A2 action in gastric acid secretion in wistar rats
Authors: Etah Etah Nkanu
Published: January 2021

The activity of dexamethasone and taxifolin {(2R, 3R)-2-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one}supplementation on prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 in gastric acid secretion and anti-ulcer was studied. Twenty male Wistar rats (180g-200g body weight) were used. The rats were randomly selected into four groups containing 5 rats each. Group 1 was the control group fed on normal rat feed. Group 2 received 3mg/kg of Dexamethasone (intraperitoneally) at one day interval. Group 3 received 3mg/kg of Dex. intraperitoneally and 1mg/kg body weight of taxifolin orally while group 4 received 1mg/kg body weight of taxifolin. At the end of 6 weeks, basal and peak gastric acid output was measured by continuous perfusion of rats stomach under anaesthesia with normal saline at the rate of 1ml/min. Gastric acid, mucus secretion, ulcer index, PGE-2 and thromboxane A2 activity were determined according to standard procedures. Results showed a significantly (p<.05) decreased prostaglandin and mucus secretion level and a raised thromboxane concentrations and gastric acid output in dexamethasone administration. Taxifolin significantly (p<.05) lowered thromboxane A2 concentration in Dex treatment while increasing the prostaglandin E2 level. We conclude that Taxifolin decreases dexamethasone- induced gastric acid secretion, increases prostaglandin activity but reduces thromboxane concentration.
Epidemiology and impact of SARs Corona Virus 2 in animals and human health with one health concept: A review
Authors: Edget Abayneh  , Henok Goba
Published: January 2021

Corona viruses infect many species of animals, including humans. Coronaviruses have been described for more than 50years but up to 2003, only two coronaviruses were identified to infect humans. From 2002 to 2003, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) affected more than 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths around the world. After a few years a novel coronavirus was recognized in September, 2012, later renamed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). In December 2019, 2019 novel Coronavirus (nCoV), which is another public health problem, has emerged in the Huanan Seafood Market, where livestock animals are also traded, in Wuhan State of Hubei Province in China and has been the focus of global attention due to a pneumonia epidemic of unknown cause. The Corona viridae Study Group of ICTV named this novel Coronavirus as SARS-Cov-2. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus a global pandemic. The pandemic is ongoing and its study and further scientific works on it are still running and in conclusion a one health approached are required to combat this situation with an integrated effort of human, animal and environmental health.
Protective effect of Solanum melongena (garden egg), Solanum lycopersicum (tomatoes), Daucus carota subsp. sativus (carrot) extracts on some electrolytes and renal biomarkers of lead induced toxicity in albino wistar rats
Authors: Ini P Ekpe  , Dennis Amaechi  , Chiwendu Eucharia Obeleagu
Published: January 2021

The impact of lead toxicity was assessed in this study by analyzing the effects of the extracts on some electrolytes, urea and creatinine concentration. Thirty-five male wistar rats (150+50g) were distributed into five groups with seven rats in each group. Extraction and all biochemical analysis were carried out using standard laboratory techniques. Group one served as control, group two as test and were exposed to lead acetate only. Groups three, four and five were treatment groups, administered carrot and garden egg, carrot and tomato, garden egg, carrot and tomato respectively. All groups received feed and water ad libitum. Lead Acetate solution was administered orally at 50mg/kg body weight while 200mg/kg body weight received mixed juicy extract. On day 15, food was withdrawn, fasted overnight with free access to water. They were euthanized under chloroform vapor and sacrificed. Whole blood was collected via cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. There was significant (P<0.05) decrease in potassium and chloride ion in group 2 (test group), compared to the control and treatment groups. Concentration of urea and creatinine in the test group was significantly higher compared with the other groups. Concentration of creatinine in group 3 and 5 significantly increased compared to control group. Effect of lead acetate was significantly reversed in group 5 compared to group 2. The results of the study indicate the potency of plants extracts against toxicity caused by the lead acetate. Flavonoids, saponins, tannins and alkaloids were present in the extracts.
Kolanut consumption, its benefits and side effects
Authors: Adejoke Adebusola Adelusi  , Qudus Adebayo Ogunwolu  , Chinweike Abednego Ugwu  , Modinat Adewunmi Alli  , Kehinde Ademola Adesanya  , Mutiat Oluwaseyi Agboola-Adedoja  , Ayodele Oladipo Akinpelu
Published: January 2021

This article assessed kolanut consumption, its benefits and side effects. Kolanut is the fruit of the kola tree, which is indigenous to West Africa. The two main varieties are Cola acuminata and Cola nitida. It is the most common masticatory in Nigeria, and is quite bitter but gives a sweet taste after chewing. A desk research was done using various published literatures on kolanut. It was unveiled that the consumption of kolanut has many benefits as well as side effects. The side effects are dependent on the quantity intake of caffeine, a significant substance present in kolanut. Caffeine is a stimulant like theobromine and kolanin, which are also present in coffee, tea and chocolate. Kolanuts are chewed fresh and are also in the form of extracts, which is common food flavouring found in energy drinks. Right amount of kolanut depends on factors such as age, physiology and health status, and as such, more effort should be channeled into the area of investigating more appropriate quantity of kolanut that should be consumed in relation to people’s status.
Health implications of kolanut production and consumption
Authors: Chinweike Abednego Ugwu  , , Modinat Adewunmi Alli  , Kehinde Ademola Adesanya  , Mutiat Oluwaseyi Agboola-Adedoja  , Adejoke Adebusola Adelusi  , Qudus Adebayo Ogunwolu  , Ayodeji Oladipo Akinpelu
Published: January 2021

This study examined the health implications of kolanut production and consumption. A desk research was done using past published literatures. The study outlined the effect of ill health on agricultural production. Numerous health benefits of kolanut consumption were identified despite several possible side effects when consumed in large quantity overtime. Benefits of kolanut consumption out-weigh the negative implications. Kolanut consumption should be encouraged as it is useful in treating some illnesses that otherwise will cost fortune when treated with conventional drugs. Also with the reported occurrence of Ochratoxin (A), safe and clean storage and shelf on-sale practices are encouraged. Government should also motivate more research on kolanut utilization in food and drug industries in order to stimulate production as this would also help boost the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Environmental impact assessment in Nigeria- A review
Authors: Abdullateef Abdullahi Ibrahim  , Abbas Sani  , Ali Mustapha Gado  , Muhammad Abdullahi Ibrahim  , Mustapha Said Sulaiman  , Idris Umar Zungum
Published: January 2021

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an essential tool used for decision making in a developmental projects as well as a systematic process to identify, predict and evaluate the environmental effects of the proposed actions and projects; the process is applied prior to major decisions and commitments being made. This paper makes a systematic review of the challenges relating to the application of Environmental Impact Assessment in Nigeria, in order to achieve sustainable development. The present review describes the laws, basic principles, procedures, sustainability and impact of EIA on biological aspect, meanwhile the paper also emphases on the constraints of EIA in Nigeria.
Pharmaceutical procurement practice aspects
Authors: Abdrhman Mahmoud Gamil
Published: January 2021

Procurement is the most important part of the pharmaceutical logistic cycle. It is the process of acquiring supplies after a properly selected list of products. The procurement system or model depends on the type of organization weather it is governmental or private, centralized or decentralized, autonomous or semiautonomous. The objectives of procurement system is to make available the right drug in an appropriate quantities of adequate quality from a reliable supplier at the right time with the lowest possible prices through an ethical and legal procedures. Prequalification of suppliers is the successful quality assurance activity. Needs and funds can be reconciled and a rational cut can be done by using ABC- VAN matrix technique. Purchasing should be by transparent competition through open tender, restrictive tender, restricted competition or in certain cases by direct negotiation by transparent committee leading to transparent contract. One of the most important procurement practice for the system to succeed is the reliable payment and efficient financial management and monitoring the supplier performance. The system should have an efficient quality assurance program with annual auditing and regular reports.
Acute and sub-acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Rauwolfia vomitoria (Apocynaceae) in Wistar rats.
Authors: Youmbie Djanche Duplex Bonheur  , Dzeufiet Djomeni Paul Désiré  , Kada Sanda Antoine  , Fotsing David  , Dimo Théophile
Published: January 2021

The present study investigated the toxicological potential of the oral administration of the stem bark aqueous extract of R. vomitoria on the liver and kidney in rats. Acute oral toxicity study of the extract to a single dose of 2000 mg/kg was studied in 10 rats of both sexes. Sub –acute oral toxicity of aqueous extract of was carried out on 60 rats. We constituted 4 groups of 10 rats each (5 males and 5 females) which were orally administered 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg of aqueous extract and control group received water. 2 group satellites (SAT) of 10 rats each (5 males and 5 females) in which one group (SAT 900 mg/kg) was received orally 900 mg/kg of aqueous extract and another (SAT control) water. Serum blood was collected for biochemical and haematological parameters. The liver and kidney served for histological examination. No deaths of acute oral toxicity were recorded. In female rats, Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT) activity increased by 31.20 % and Alamine Aminotransferase (ALAT) increased by 37.20 %. In male rats, only ALAT activity increased significantly by 35.37 % compared to control. Haematological analysis revealed in male rats treated at the dose of 900 mg/kg an increase significant (p<0.001) level of white blood cells with 52.20 %, compared to control group. Histological examination of liver and kidney showed normal architecture. Aqueous extract has untoward effect on liver and kidney, could be considered non-toxic.
Introduction of soft skills and importance of its implementation in growing stage of students
Authors: Vinay Kumar Pandey  , Aanchal Anand
Published: January 2021

Today, everyone is rushing to get as many technical skills as possible because they think that achieving a degree is much sufficient to secure a good job in a company. Considering the outlook of majority, most of the people still follow tedious approach but at the same time there are certain companies which have started demanding soft skills to work in a multinational company or small-scale organization. So, by observing this demand many colleges and educational institutions are adapting this change and developing such skills in their students. With this review paper we have tried to project a reflection of importance which will showcase the need of the hour. This paper will help in understanding the concept that if we think just a step forward and implement these soft skills in pupil’s growing stage then it will create a better society and a career as well. It will also help in rejuvenating behavioural skills of current generation.
ANALISIS STRATEGI MARKETING PUBLIC RELATIONS PIZZA HUT CIMAHI DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Heryati Iis , Fitriawati Diny
Published: January 2021

Abstrak

Kerugian restoran akibat adanya pandemi Covid-19 selama Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dalam dua bulan terakhir nilainya mencapai angka triliunan rupiah. Perusahaan harus menerapkan strategi yang tepat untuk menangani kondisi ini. Strategi Marketing Public Relations dinilai sangat efektif oleh setiap perusahaan agar bisa menarik konsumen dan meningkatkan citra baik bagi perusahaan. Tujuan dari adanya penelitian ini, penulis ingin mengetahui dan memahami bagaimana proses kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam melaksanakan strategi Marketing Public Relations tersebut. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi di lapangan, pengamatan sosial melalui berbagai media. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Marketing Public Relations Pizza Hut Cimahi dalam menangani keadaan yang terjadi menerapkan Three Ways Strategy. Three Ways Strategy meliputi Pull Strategy dengan melakukan promosi menggunakan media, Push Strategy dengan memberikan diskon secara berkala, dan Pass Strategy dengan melakukan branding sebagai restoran yang tanggap situasi. Keberhasilan Pizza Hut Cimahi dalam menjalakankan Strategi Marketing Public Relations tersebut dilihat dari adanya pencapaian target penjualan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Pizza Hut di daerah lain yaitu Pizza Hut di Kota Bandung.

 

Abstract

The restaurant losses as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and social restrictions on a large scale (PSBB) the past two months achieve a value of the billions rupiah. The company must implement the right strategy to handle this condition. Marketing Public Relations strategies are effective for companies to pull costumer and improve their brand image company. The purpose of this research, the author wants to know and understand how the process of activities is carried out in implementing the Marketing Strategy Public Relations. The method used is qualitative descriptive methods by data collection via semi structured interviews, field observations, social observations via various media. Research shows Marketing Public Relations of Pizza Hut Cimahi to handle of situation implemented Three Ways Strategy. Three ways strategy encompass a “Pull Strategy” by using media promotions, “Push Strategy” by giving periodic discounts, “Pass Strategy” the restaurant that are aware of the situation. Pizza Hut Cimahi success in carrying out the Marketing Strategy Public Relations is seen form the presentation of sales targets that are higher that the Pizza Hut is other areas namely Pizza Hut in the city of Bandung
Analisis Pencarian Informasi Remaja Generasi z dalam Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Belanja Online (Analisis pada Mahasiswa Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Tidar)
Authors: Nisa Fitria Khairum , Viratama Arief Bregas , Hidayanti Nurul
Published: January 2021

Abstrak

Berdasarkan survey, salah kegiatan berinternet yang paling sering dilakukan adalah belanja online sebanyak 44.6%. Sedangkan generasi yang mendominasi penggunaan internet adalah generasi z. Generasi z merupakan generasi yang akrab dengan dunia digital dan berani mengambil resiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana generasi z melakukan proses pencarian informasi dalam melakukan belanja online dengan menyebarkan angket serta melakukan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method. Adapun subjek dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Tidar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ulasan produk di e-commerce merupakan sumber utama remaja generasi z dalam mencari informasi yakni sebesar 80.7%. Sumber informasi lainnya adalah ulasan produk di sosial media dan bertanya kepada teman. Adapun alasannya adalah untuk mencari trend terkini serta ulasan produk dapat dipercaya dan generasi z peduli dengan pendapat orang sekitar.

 

Abstract

Based on the survey, one of the most frequently carried out internet activities was online shopping which is 44.6%. Meanwhile, the generation that dominates internet usage is z generation. Z generation z is a generation that is familiar with the digital world and is willing to take risks. This study aims to see how generation Z performs the information search process in online shopping. This study uses a mix method by distributing questionnaires and conducting in-depth interviews. Subject of this research is the students of communication in Tidar University. The results of this study indicate that product reviews on e-commerce is the main source of z generation adolescents in seeking information, which is 80.7%. Other sources of information are product reviews on social media and asking friends. The reasons for those are they look for the newest trend and product reviews are trustworthy and z generation cares what people think about them.
The Experimental Investigation and Nonlinear Regression Analysis of the Effect of Tire Inflation Pressure on Pitch Force
Authors: BAYRAKÇEKEN Hüseyin , GİRGİN Zekeriya , AYSAL Faruk Emre , BABAGİRAY Mustafa
Published: January 2021

In this study, the effect of tire inflation pressure on the vehicle during braking was investigated experimentally. The experimental study was carried out in the Brake-Suspension Test Device designed as a half-vehicle model, which enables vehicle brake tests to be performed in the laboratory. During the tests, a total of nine different tire inflation pressures from 26 psi to 40 psi standard value were taken into consideration. As a result of the experiments carried out separately for each tire inflation pressure, a curve characterizing the effect of different pressure values on the pitching force was obtained. Based on the experimental results, dif-ferent mathematical models suitable for the curve obtained are derived by non-linear curve fitting. For the nonlinear curve fitting process, a hybrid iterative re-gression algorithm obtained by combining classical curve fitting algorithm with Newton-Raphson iteration method was used. It was observed that the correlation coefficients (R2) of the mathematical models obtained provided sufficient sensi-tivity to express the problem under consideration.
Experimental Study of Electrical and Thermal Efficiencies of a Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Hybrid Solar Water Collector with and Without Glass Cover
Authors: Abbas Hind Mohand , Ali Issam Mohammed , Taqi Hussein Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Investigating the thermal and electrical gains and efficiencies influence the designed photovoltaic thermal hybrid collector (PVT) under different weather conditions. The designed system was manufactured by attaching a fabricated cooling system made of serpentine tubes to a single PV panel and connecting it to an automatic controlling system for measuring, monitoring, and simultaneously collecting the required data. A removable glass cover had been used to study the effects of glazed and unglazed PVT panel situations. The research was conducted in February (winter) and July (summer), and March for daily solar radiation effects on efficiencies. The results indicated that electrical and thermal gains increased by the increase in solar radiation. The average rise in PVT water collectors' thermal energy efficiency with a glass cover for three cases was 5% compared with the unglazed PVT water collector. While the maximum total efficiencies of 79 % and 69.5 % for glazed and unglazed collectors were recorded under maximum solar radiation of 1100 W/m2 and maximum water flow rate in the tubes system for July. The recorded result seemed promising and significant, indicating that the manufactured system is useful for adjusting PVT thermal and electrical efficiencies for cold and hot weather conditions.
Design of a PID-Lead Compensator for a Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System (TRAS)
Authors: Faisal Rafal Fawzi , Abdulwahhab Omar Waleed
Published: January 2021

This paper deals with a Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System (TRAS). It is a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system with high crosscoupling between its two channels. It proposes a hybrid design procedure that combines frequency response and root locus approaches. The proposed controller is designated as PID-Lead Compensator (PIDLC); the PID controller was designed in previous work using frequency response design specifications, while the lead compensator is proposed in this paper and is designed using the root locus method. A general explicit formula for angle computations in any of the four quadrants is also given. The lead compensator is designed by shifting the dominant closed-loop poles slightly to the left in the s-plane. This has the effect of enhancing the relative stability of the closed-loop system by eliminating the oscillation in its transient part but at the expense of greater rise time. However, for some applications, long rise time may be an allowable price to get rid of undesired oscillation. To demonstrate the proposed hybrid controller's performance numerically, a new performance index, designated by Integral Reciprocal Time Absolute Error (IRTAE), is defined as a figure to measure the oscillation of the response in its transient part. The proposed controller enhances this performance index by 0.6771%. Although the relative enhancement of the performance index is small, it contributes to eliminating the oscillation of the response in its transient part. Simulation results are performed on the MATLAB/Simulink environment.
Measurable Mistakes in Architecture the Effect of Designer's Experience on the Propagation of Mistakes in Architectural Design - Residential Buildings in Al Sulaymaniyah City as a Case Study
Authors: Abdullah Wrya Sabir , Ali Amjad Muhammad
Published: January 2021

The importance of physical and nonphysical architectural design values made architectural designers need good experience to be experts of architectural values reasonably without neglecting any value in the design process.  The importance of such values made that ignoring any values and mistakes occurs in the design process. Simultaneously, architectural designers' different nature and the difference in their experiences are causing different understandings of the design values, thus causing architectural mistakes. The research problem appears from the randomly propagating of mistakes in contemporary architecture, which is about to become a phenomenon in Al Sulaymaniyah city. The research aims to find the main reasons and influences of making architectural mistakes and propagating such mistakes in the contemporary architectural design depending on randomly selected samples. The study took the factor of "Architectural Designers' Experience" as an influential factor in avoiding the propagation of architectural mistakes. To see architectural mistakes in real existing cases, the research took some of the different types of residential buildings in Al Sulaymaniyah city designed during (2000-2010) as case study to show architects' architectural mistakes in residential buildings
Flow Measurements in Open Channels Using Integrating-Floats
Authors: Abed Basim Shabaa
Published: January 2021

The flow measurements have increased importance in the last decades due to the shortage of water resources resulting from climate changes that request high control of the available water needed for different uses. The classical technique of open channel flow measurement by the integrating-float method was needed for measuring flow in different locations when there were no available modern devices for different reasons, such as the cost of devices. So, the use of classical techniques was taken place to solve the problem. The present study examines the integrating float method and defines the parameters affecting the acceleration of floating spheres in flowing water that was analyzed using experimental measurements. The method was investigated theoretically, as well as many experimental tests in a fixed floor laboratory flume were conducted. Different sizes of solid plastic spheres with different weights were used as floats to measure velocities and then discharge computation. The results indicate that the integrating-float technique is feasible and accurate for measuring low flow velocity in open channels. It was desirable to use small floats with specific gravity closer to unity to get more accurate results. The measured velocities and the estimated discharges were compared with discharges obtained using some other common laboratory measuring techniques. Good agreement was obtained between the integrating-float method results with the results of velocities obtained using other measurement techniques, with an error of less than 2.5%.
Review of eye-tracking: A neuromarketing technique
Authors: Iloka Benneth Chiemelie , Anukwe Grace Ifeoma
Published: January 2021

Following technological advancements, the marketing world has witnessed a tremendous introduction of technologies that aid decision making. The essence is that through the adoption of such technologies, the marketers will make more informed decisions. Neuromarketing is a new marketing field that has witnessed increased penetration of technologies. As a field, it is centred on understanding the human brain's functionality when exposed to marketing activities. This article reviews eye-tracking as a neuromarketing tool. The review represents ideas from different scholars concerning the topic, concisely condensed to form the views held in this article. Findings from the review show that eye-tracking is one of the most commonly adopted neuromarketing tools because it is easier to access and implement with other tools. On the same note, some limitations come with this tool. The review concluded by stating that the best results with eye-tracking are obtained when combined with other tools to overcome these limitations and produce more informed data for better decisions and customer service.