bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riverine antibacterial resistance gradient determined by environmental factors
Authors: Liu Cheng-Han , Chuang Yi-Lynne , Gurunathan Revathi , Hsieh Chi-Ying , Dahms Hans-Uwe
Published: September 2021

Wastewater emission to surface waters is a major pathway for antibacterials and antibacterial-resistant bacteria. Polluted waterbodies such as rivers provide a reservoir for bacterial resistance. We studied water quality and bacterial antibacterial resistance along the subtropical Qishan River in Taiwan as a case study of environmental resistance spread in a pristine to rural area. Human settlement densities increased generally from pristine mountain sites to the more polluted lowlands generally. Accordingly, as a working hypothesis, we expected antibacterial resistance level to increase towards downstream. We collected sediment samples from 8 stations along the Qishan river and where the Qishan river reaches the Kaoping river. The samples were processed in the lab for bacteriological and physicochemical analysis. Antibacterial resistance was tested by disk diffusion and micro-dilution with ten common antibacterials. A comparison was made among the sites where isolates began to occur at the upstream (site 1-6) with the downstream, including site 7 (Qishan town), site 8 (wastewater treatment plant) and site 9 (Kaoping river). The results of multivariate analysis for bacteriological and physicochemical parameters showed increasing water pollution levels downstream of the Qishan river. Ten bacteria including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter sp., Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were analyzed and tested in the study. Their percentage of occurrence varied at each site. The resistance level was determined from the growth inhibition zone diameter (disk diffusion) and the minimum inhibitory concentration (micro-dilution). The results indicated that antibacterial resistance was related to certain environmental factors. Besides, the usage pattern of different classes of antibacterials in different places could alter trends of their resistance. Bacteria were found with increased resistance to antibacterials used in agriculture through the downstream sites according to the results. The WWTP emitting wastewater was demonstrated to be a hotspot of resistance in aquatic environments. In conclusion, bacterial resistance against antibacterials from the Qishan river has become a potential public health threat. This study could assist authorities by providing a reference for water quality risk assessment and management in Kaohsiung city and southern Taiwan.
Quality of care is Myth or Reality? A study of PHCs in Maharashtra
Authors: Ramrao Kadam Sanjay , Kannan Srinivasan
Published: September 2021

Background:Maharashtra State Quality Assurance Program was evolved and pilot project was launched in 2006-07. In 2011 as Phase three it was launched in Beed district.Objectives:Objectives of the present study are to assess client’s perception on quality and satisfaction of healthcare at PHCs and their correlates and job satisfaction among health personnel.Methods:Cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 20 PHCs from Beed district.Data collected from 400 new clients of outpatient department of PHCs. From clients, demographics, socioeconomic status, perception on quality of outpatient care and their satisfaction were collected using structured questionnaire. From the health personnel data on socio-demographic details, and job satisfaction were collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed.Results:In total 50 % of clients perceived better quality and 53% of them were satisfied with the services of PHCs. The factors found to be significantly associated with perception of better quality of services and client satisfaction were sex, education, occupation, perception on provider’s attitude, examination time and opted due to financial reasons. About 57% health personnel satisfied with job. All dissatisfied were medical officers.Conclusion:The study found only around half of them is satisfied with services. Findings suggest infrastructure and drug alone will not improve the satisfaction, but the state need to improve the human aspects of services with more interaction and thorough examination of the clients. To improve services working conditions will have to be improved for health personnel.
Photoselective-Light Impacts on Fruit Bagging Microclimate, Quality, and Nutrients of Peach
Authors: Campbell David , Brecht Jeffrey K. , Sarkhosh Ali , Liburd Oscar , Treadwell Danielle
Published: September 2021

The use of paper or nylon bags (fruit bagging) to surround tree fruit during development provides protection from a variety of pest-disease complexes for peach without yield reduction and different-colored bags have the potential to improve fruit quality based on findings from other crops. An experiment was conducted in 2019 at two locations in central Florida on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batch] ‘TropicBeauty’ and ‘UFSun’ to analyze the impact of a commercially available white paper fruit bag combined with a photoselective insert. The insert reduced the amount of light outside the spectrum range of interest for blue (400–500 nm), green (500–600 nm), or red (>600 nm) wavebands, or decreased fluence rate with a neutral density black (>725 nm) insert. Relative to ambient, temperature inside all bagging treatments during the daytime hours was increased by 5.1 °C. During the same time, relative humidity was reduced by 10.1%, but calculations revealed that the water vapor pressure was elevated only for treatments that had a plastic colored (blue, green, or red) insert. An orthogonal contrast revealed that the elevated water vapor around the fruit in a colored bag increased the concentration of chlorophyll at harvest but had no effect on other quality parameters. Compared with unbagged fruit, red-bagged fruit were 1.8 times firmer and green-bagged fruit and had a lower peel chroma. White-bagged (without photoselective insert) fruit had similar nutrient concentrations for the peel, flesh, and pit when compared with unbagged fruit. When bags remained on the fruit until harvest, anthocyanin concentration in unbagged fruit peel was double the amount in white bags and 6-fold more than the bags with color inserts. Different-colored bagging treatments did not influence insect attraction or fruit quality parameters, such as fruit size, diameter, difference of absorbance (DA) index, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), pH, peel lightness, peel hue, flesh lightness, flesh hue, or flesh chroma. Relative to full sun, the colored bag treatments allowed between 3.7% (black) and 17.4% (red) of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Additional research is needed to determine if an increase in fluence rate at specific spectral wavelengths can affect the quality for peach grown in bags in the field.
Is Endogenous Ethylene Production Associated with Increased Shoot Number in Gentian Cultured In Vitro? Developing a Method for Ethylene Measurement at Nano Level within a Gas-exchangeable In Vitro System
Authors: Keshavarzi Marzieh , Funnell Keith A. , Woolley David J. , Heyes Julian A.
Published: September 2021

We investigated the possibility of either exogenous ethylene or endogenous ethylene production having an association with the increase in shoot number when nodal explants of Gentiana spp. ‘Little Pinkie’ were cultured in an in vitro medium supplemented with ethephon (10 mg⋅L–1). For the first time within an in vitro system, we report the application of laser ethylene detector technology, and optimization of the methodology to quantify concentrations of ethylene (in the part-per-billion range) released from ethephon decomposition within the atmosphere of gas-exchangeable culture vessels including nodal explants. Compared with continuous (continuous measurements on the same replicate of vessels) and repeated (sampling same replicate of vessels every 48 hours) sampling methodologies, the nonrepeated (sampling fresh replicate of vessels every 48 hours) method of measurement of ethylene concentration was more representative of the actual condition within vessels. Although no prior published data exist showing the positive or negative effect of gaseous ethylene in the headspace of culture vessels on bud outgrowth in gentian, our study shows gaseous ethylene in the headspace of culture vessels was not effective in increasing shoot formation in gentian explants cultured in vitro, whereas ethephon supplementation in agar was effective. Plant material in culture vessels did not have a significant effect on ethylene production regardless of the presence or absence of ethephon. Therefore, although ethephon supplementation in the medium produced gaseous ethylene in the headspace, it was unlikely to cause endogenous ethylene production in explants, but it did trigger shoot formation in ‘Little Pinkie’, perhaps through decomposition to ethylene within the explant tissue, enhancing the internal ethylene level possibly at a locally high concentration.
Comparative Analysis of Generation Z Era Students’ Overall Grades and Course Satisfaction of a Basic Floral Design Course Taught Fully Face-to-face versus an Online Hybrid Format
Authors: Etheredge Coleman L. , Waliczek Tina M.
Published: September 2021

As Generation Z (born 1995–2012) students replace Millennial (born 1981–94) students on college campuses, instructors may begin to evaluate and structure their courses based on how this new generation best learns. Generation Z students were exposed to such things as the internet, smart phones, personal computers, and laptops since infancy and, hence, are very comfortable with technology and multitasking. The purpose of this study was to compare students’ overall grades and perceptions of the course and instructor in a face-to-face vs. an online/hybrid basic floral design course taken by a majority Generation Z student population. The face-to-face course consisted of live lectures that met twice per week for 50 min at an assigned time; reading materials and standard lecture slides were used. The hybrid course had content placed online within weekly modules and released to students in an asynchronous manner each Monday. Both versions of the course had a face-to-face laboratory that met once per week. Comparisons of grades between the face-to-face and hybrid course formats were made using analysis of variance tests. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if there were statistically significant differences in the way students in each course format answered the end of semester course and instructor evaluation survey. Of those that took the course, a majority [466 (98.3%)] was between the ages 18 and 24 years, within the Generation Z era. When comparing grades within this group, it was found students in the hybrid course received more A and B letter grades overall [223 (91%)] compared with the students of the same age range in the face-to-face course [198 (88.7%)]. Overall, seniors and juniors scored higher grades in both the hybrid and face-to-face course when compared with the sophomore and freshmen within the same class. No significant difference was found between the face-to-face and hybrid students’ responses to any of the 11 questions on the course and instructor evaluation survey. Results showed an overall high level of satisfaction (4.50) for both the face-to-face and hybrid format.
Controle e Transparência sobre os Gastos Tributários em Municípios Brasileiros
Authors: Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de , Cabello Otávio Gomes
Published: September 2021

O trabalho analisou o controle e a transparência dos gastos tributários em municípios brasileiros acima de 500 mil habitantes. Para tanto, foram verificados: (i) a transparência dos gastos tributários nos portais eletrônicos das prefeituras municipais; (ii) a contabilização das referidas transações; (iii) o conteúdo do anexo de renúncias fiscais da Lei de Diretrizes Orçamentárias, e (iv) a existência do relatório previsto na constituição no projeto de Lei Orçamentária Anual, ambos para 2016. Os resultados indicam: (i) baixa adequação da transparência e dos controles; (ii) baixa contabilização das transações; (iii) baixa transparência nos portais de informação, e (iv) não conformidade das Prefeituras Municipais às regras legais. Tais resultados indicam uma baixa atenção do Legislativo, tanto na aprovação quanto no acompanhamento dos instrumentos de planejamento. Por fim, o trabalho discute as implicações da baixa transparência e controle dos gastos tributário, questionando o efetivo acompanhamento dos Tribunais de Contas nessa matéria.
Interest in universities based on search queries on the Internet
Authors: Bondarenko Yulia , Ohinok Solomiya , Kisiołek Artur , Karyy Oleh
Published: September 2021

The improvement of global Internet access and the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated mass testing of online teaching methods, have forwarded the competition between higher education institutions from the regional level and the struggle for the rich student into the competition for students in all countries. The paper aims to determine the influence of the rating of higher education institutions on the interest of Internet users by conducting a comparative analysis of the popularity of the official names of higher education institutions in search queries in Ukraine and Poland. To do this, a comparative analysis of the change in the interest in leading higher education institutions in Ukraine and Poland in search queries in the Google search engine is carried out. The analysis is performed using the Google Trends web application. As a result, it is found that a high position of the university in the national ranking does not guarantee more search queries about it on the Internet by both national Internet users and users from the neighboring country. In general, Internet users continue to be most interested in universities located in their region at the time of the search.
Moderating role of social capital on the effect of financial behavior on financial inclusion
Authors: Onodugo Chike , Onodugo Ifeoma , Ogbo Anastasia , Okwo Henry , Ogbaekirigwe Charles
Published: September 2021

The need for improved institutional interventions aimed at increasing access to financial services by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has been emphasized. Complimenting these efforts, this study proposes that building social networks capable of informing requisite financial behaviors would facilitate the financial inclusion of SMEs co-existing in business clusters. This study aimed to empirically test the moderating influence of collective action, bonding, trust, and bridging on the effect of financial behavior on financial inclusion. Using a sample of 311 owners/managers of small and medium scale businesses in sub-urban clusters in South-Eastern Nigeria, the hierarchical moderated regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses of the study. Results show a positive main effect of financial behavior on financial inclusion (βf = 0.162; t (304) = 1.503; p < 0.05). Also, collective action (βfca = 0.201; t (304) = 6.906; p < 0.05) and bridging (βfbr = 0.201; t (304) = 6.906; p < 0.05) had positive moderating effects, bonding (βfb = 0.032; t (304) = 1.423; p > 0.05) and trust (βft = 0.014; t (304) = 0.9609; p > 0.05) were statistically insignificant. For policy implications, social virtues such as bridging and collective action are more veritable tools for financial inclusion than the personal virtues of trust and bonding and should be factored into economic and social intervention being deployed by institutions interested in meeting the banking/financial needs of businesses.
A Rational Procedure to Increase Selectivity in the Determination of an Elicitor as Salicylic Acid in Polygala Extracts Using Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Lopes Kheytiany , Tizziani Tiago , Ruani Ana , Vitali Luciano , Micke Gustavo
Published: September 2021

Considering the economic potential of secondary metabolites, researches have been focusing several strategies in order to explore and enhance the accumulation of these metabolites in plant matrices in a broad context. One of those strategies is the development of suitable methodologies for the determination of some elicitors, such as salicylic acid (SA). Since literature presents only a few analytical methods for the quantification of SA in plants, this study developed, validated and evaluated these metabolite contents in Polygala species using capillary zone electrophoresis with ultraviolet-visible detection. The background electrolyte (BGE) consisted of 15 mmol L−1 of hydroxymethyl-aminomethane and 30 mmol L−1 of 2-hydroxy-isobutyric acid, pH = 3.9. The BGE was chosen using a rational procedure to increase selectivity and reduce migration time. The method presented rapid performance, migration time less than 0.76 min for salicylic and phthalic acid (internal standard), precision results for peak area were better than 2.9% (intra-day) and 2.8% (inter-day) and the responses for the analytes were linear (range of 1-5 mg L−1), with limits of detection and quantification of 0.2 and 0.6 mg L−1, respectively. The developed method was applied for 39 samples of plant extracts.
The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale: comparison scores from 27 sites in 22 countries
Authors: Stoler Justin , Miller Joshua D. , Adams Ellis A. , Ahmed Farooq , Alexander Mallika , Asiki Gershim , Balogun Mobolanle , Boivin Michael J. , Brewis Alexandra , Carrillo Genny , Chapman Kelly , Cole Stroma , Collins Shalean M. , Escobar-Vargas Jorge , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Freeman Matthew C. , Ghorbani Monet , Hagaman Ashley , Hawley Nicola , Jamaluddine Zeina , Jepson Wendy E. , Krishnakumar Divya , Maes Kenneth , Mathad Jyoti , Maupin Jonathan , Owuor Patrick Mbullo , Morales Milton Marin , Morán-Martínez Javier , Omidvar Nasrin , Pearson Amber L. , Rasheed Sabrina , Rosinger Asher Y. , Samayoa-Figueroa Luisa , Sánchez-Rodríguez Ernesto C. , Santoso Marianne V. , Schuster Roseanne C. , Sheikhi Mahdieh , Srivastava Sonali , Staddon Chad , Sullivan Andrea , Tesfaye Yihenew , Trowell Alex , Tshala-Katumbay Desire , Tutu Raymond , Workman Cassandra L. , Wutich Amber , Young Sera L.
Published: September 2021

Household survey data from 27 sites in 22 countries were collected in 2017–2018 in order to construct and validate a cross-cultural household-level water insecurity scale. The resultant Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) scale presents a useful tool for monitoring and evaluating water interventions as a complement to traditional metrics used by the development community. It can also help track progress toward achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 ‘clean water and sanitation for all’. We present HWISE scale scores from 27 sites as comparative data for future studies using the HWISE scale in low- and middle-income contexts. Site-level mean scores for HWISE-12 (scored 0–36) ranged from 1.64 (SD 4.22) in Pune, India, to 20.90 (7.50) in Cartagena, Colombia, while site-level mean scores for HWISE-4 (scored 0–12) ranged from 0.51 (1.50) in Pune, India, to 8.21 (2.55) in Punjab, Pakistan. Scores tended to be higher in the dry season as expected. Data from this first implementation of the HWISE scale demonstrate the diversity of water insecurity within and across communities and can help to situate findings from future applications of this tool.
Evaluation and selection of CORDEX-SA datasets and bias correction methods for a hydrological impact study in a humid tropical river basin, Kerala
Authors: Saranya M. S. , Nair Vinish V.
Published: September 2021

It is well recognised that the performance of climate model simulations and bias correction methods is region specific, and, therefore, careful validation should always be performed. This study evaluates the performance of five general circulation model–regional climate model (GCM–RCM) combinations selected from CORDEX–SA datasets over a humid tropical river basin in Kerala, India, for climate variables such as precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures. This involves ranking of the selected climate models based on an EDAS (Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution) method and the selection of an appropriate bias correction method for the selected three climate variables. A range of indices are used to evaluate the performance of the bias-corrected climate models to simulate observed climate data. Finally, the hydrological impact of the bias-corrected ranked models is assessed by simulating streamflow over the river basin using individual models and different combinations of models based on rank. According to the findings, hydrological simulation using an average of all GCM–RCM pairs provides the best model output in simulating streamflow, with an NSE value of 0.72. The results confirm the importance of a multimodel ensemble for improving the reliability and minimising the uncertainty of climate predictions for impact studies.
New findings on the anaerobic co-digestion of thermally pretreated sludge and food waste: laboratory and pilot-scale studies
Authors: Donoso-Bravo Andrés , Toledo-Alarcón Javiera , Ortega Valentina , Barría Valeria , Lesty Yves , Fontana Jordi , Bossche Hugues Vanden
Published: September 2021

Co-digestion of thermally pretreated sewage sludge with food waste is an innovative strategy that could improve the balance and availability of nutrients needed to increase the efficiency of anaerobic digestion in terms of biogas production. In this context, the aim of this research was to evaluate the impact of different proportions of sewage sludge/food waste in laboratory- and pilot-scale reactors. Special focus was placed on the impact of the variability of food waste composition on the behaviour of the pilot digester. Our results show that by adding 40% of co-substrate, a higher biogas production was possible during laboratory operation. Interestingly, using a co-substrate of variable composition had no negative impact on the reactor's stability at pilot-scale, promoting an increase in biogas production through a more efficient use of organic matter. In both the lab and pilot experiences there was an impact on the amount of nitrogen in the digestate compared to digester operating in monodigestion. This impact is more significant as the proportion of co-substrate rises. Overall, our results show that co-digestion of thermally pretreated sewage sludge with food waste allows better management of food waste, especially when their composition is variable.
Five-year outcomes of the modified Ross surgery in adults: experience from one center
Authors: Chernov I.I. , Enginoev S.T. , Kondratyev D.A. , Kozmin D.Yu. , Demetskaya V.V. , Aliev E.R. , Tarasov D.G.
Published: September 2021

Background. The Ross operation was first proposed in 1967 by D. Ross, and numerous studies have shown that it has excellent long-term results. However, in some patients, it can lead to late dilatation of the pulmonary autograft, which in turn can contribute to repeat operations. To avoid this complication, technical modifications of the Ross operation have been proposed.Aim. To evaluate the immediate and five-year outcomes of the modified Ross surgery in adults.Methods. This retrospective study included patients aged 18 years and older with aortic valve lesions who underwent a modified Ross procedure by one surgeon between January 2014 and December 2019. The median follow-up period was 23 (12–68) months.Results. The study included 43 adult patients. The average age of the patients was 40.0 ± 11.7 years, and 33 (76.7%) were men. The main cause of aortic valve dysfunction was severe aortic regurgitation (32 patients, 74.4%). Infective endocarditis was diagnosed as a cause of aortic valve pathology in 13 (30.2%) patients. Bicuspid aortic valve was present in 29 cases (67.4%). In two cases (4.7%), mini-sternotomy (‘T-shape’) was performed. Ten (23.2%) patients underwent combined interventions. The median duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was 143 (129–160) minutes, and duration of aortic cross-clamp was 116 (109–131) minutes. The autologous inclusion technique was used in 22 (51.2%) cases and the Dacron inclusion technique in 21 (48.8%) cases. Outcomes included no in-hospital mortality, acute renal failure requiring haemodialysis in three patients (7%), pacemaker implantation in two (4.7%), resternotomy for bleeding and stroke in one patient (2.3%) and perioperative myocardial injury in two (4.7%). The five-year overall survival, freedom from reoperation and freedom from dilatation of the ascending aorta or pulmonary autograft ≥ 5 cm after the modified Ross operation were 97.4%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively.Conclusion. Modified Ross surgery in adults has excellent immediate outcomes with no in-hospital mortality. The five-year overall survival, freedom from reoperation and freedom from aortic dilatation or pulmonary autograft were 97.4%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively.Received 15 February 2021. Revised 3 June 2021. Accepted 4 June 2021.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interests.Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: I.I. Chernov, S.T. Enginoev, D.A. Kondratyev, D.Yu. KozminData collection and analysis: E.R. Aliev, V.V. Demetskaya, D.A. Kondratyev, D.Yu. KozminStatistical analysis: S.T. EnginoevDrafting the article: I.I. Chernov, S.T. EnginoevCritical revision of the article: I.I. Chernov, D.G. TarasovFinal approval of the version to be published: I.I. Chernov, S.T. Enginoev, D.A. Kondratyev, D.Yu. Kozmin, V.V. Demetskaya, E.R. Aliev, D.G. Tarasov
Early and mid-term outcomes of thoracic aortic reconstruction using the frozen elephant trunk technique: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Shadanov A.A. , Sirota D.A. , Lyashenko M.M. , Chernyavskiy A.M.
Published: September 2021

Background. The frozen elephant trunk (FET) technique for the treatment of both thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections has become universally popular over the past two decades because extensive open surgical reconstruction of the thoracic aorta has been found to be associated with high complication and mortality rates or unfavourable long-term outcomes as it requires repeated interventions. The FET technique has also been shown to produce excellent, immediate and long-term results. Hence, it is important to evaluate the outcomes of thoracic aortic reconstruction using this technique.Aim. This study aimed to investigate immediate and long-term outcomes of the FET technique in patients with thoracic aortic diseases.Methods. We retrospectively analysed the pre-, intra- and post-operative data of 40 patients with distal aortic arch aneurysm who had undergone aortic arch reconstruction using the FET technique at Meshalkin National Research Medical Center from February 2012 to October 2020. To assess the early and long-term post-operative survival of these patients, we categorised them into group I (including 14 patients without aortic dissection) and group II (including 26 patients with type I and type III aortic dissections).Results. The in-hospital survival rates for groups I and II were found to be 68.5% and 95.9%, respectively (log rank, p = 0.048). Groups I and II did not differ significantly in the incidence of stroke (7.1% vs 7.7%, respectively; p = 0.724) and spinal cord ischaemia (14.3% vs 0%, respectively; p = 0.117). Long-term (1-, 3- and 5-year) survival rates in group II remained unchanged at 95.9%, whereas survival rates at 30 days, 6 months and 1 year in group I were 91.3%, 68.5% and 57%, respectively. The risk of mortality was 90% lower in group II than in group I, with a hazard ratio of 0.096 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.01–0.81 (p = 0.038). The rates of freedom from thoracoabdominal aortic interventions in group II were 91.8%, 83%, 64.7%, 59.3% and 59.3% at 30 days, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years, respectively; these rates in group I were 90.9%, 75.7% and 75.7% at 30 days, 6 months and 1 year, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups concerning thoracoabdominal aortic interventions (log rank, p = 0.587).Conclusion. The use of the FET technique in patients with thoracic aortic diseases is associated with acceptable rates of mortality and thoracoabdominal aortic interventions in immediate and long-term post-operative periods.Received 28 January 2021. Revised 28 April 2021. Accepted 29 April 2021.Funding: This work was carried out within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (No. 121032300337-5).Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interests.Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
KRYTERIA PRZYJĘCIA TOŻSAMOŚCI CZYNU. KILKA UWAG NA TLE ART. 11 § 1 K.K.
Authors: Błachnio Adam
Published: September 2021

Artykuł omawia problematykę związaną z „tym samym czynem” jako warunkiem koniecznym przyjęcia kumulatywnej kwalifikacji prawnej czynu. W części wstępnej przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z regulacją art. 11 k.k. i pojęciem „tego samego czynu”. Następnie poddano analizie kryteria, jakie należy przyjąć, rozważając problematykę tożsamości czynu, w szczególności przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z czasem popełnienia czynu zabronionego, miejscem jego popełnienia, motywacją zachowania sprawcy, wielością zrealizowanych skutków czy tożsamością znamion czynu zabronionego. Na zakończenie zaprezentowano własne stanowisko dotyczące postępowania zmierzającego do ustalenia, czy zachodzi jeden, czy więcej czynów.
‘VIR PERITUS MULTOS ERUDIVIT’. ŚWIĘTEJ PAMIĘCI PROFESORA WITOLDA WOŁODKIEWICZA (1929-2021)
Authors: Zabłocki Jan
Published: September 2021

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ODPOWIEDNIE STOSOWANIE PRZEPISÓW KODEKSU POSTĘPOWANIA ADMINISTRACYJNEGO DO ROZPATRYWANIA PETYCJI
Authors: Wójcicka Ewa
Published: September 2021

Ustawa o petycjach nie reguluje w sposób kompleksowy postępowania w sprawach dotyczących petycji i w zakresie nieuregulowanym odsyła do odpowiedniego stosowania kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego. Odesłanie zawarte w art. 15 jest odesłaniem zewnętrznym, dalszym, ogólnym, typu dynamicznego. Postępowanie w sprawie petycji nie jest jurysdykcyjnym postępowaniem administracyjnym i nie zmierza do rozpatrzenia sprawy administracyjnej, lecz ma cechy samodzielnego jednoinstancyjnego postępowania administracyjnego uproszczonego. Ze względu na specyfikę postępowania petycyjnego odpowiednie stosowanie kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego zawiera w sobie trzy możliwości działania: stosowanie przepisów kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego wprost, z pewnymi modyfikacjami oraz wyłączenie ich stosowania z powodu bezprzedmiotowości oraz sprzeczności regulacji zawartej w kodeksie postępowania administracyjnego z przepisami ustawy o petycjach. Przepisy jurysdykcyjnego postępowania administracyjnego będą stosowane w ograniczonym zakresie, między innymi w sprawach doręczeń, obliczania terminów, a także przez stosowanie niektórych zasad ogólnych. W szerszym zakresie odpowiednio stosowane będą przepisy działu VIII kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego z uwagi na zbliżony charakter petycji oraz skarg i wniosków.
GLOSA CZĘŚCIOWO APROBUJĄCA DO UCHWAŁY SKŁADU SIEDMIU SĘDZIÓW SąDU NAJWYŻSZEGO Z 22 PAŹDZIERNIKA 2019 R.
Authors: Węglińska Justyna
Published: September 2021

Uchwałą z 22 października 2019 r. skład siedmiu sędziów Sądu Najwyższego (I NSNZP 2/19) odmówił uznania „więzi rodzinnych” za dobro osobiste w rozumieniu art. 23 k.c. oraz uznał, że bliskim poszkodowanego, który na skutek czynu niedozwolonego doznał ciężkiego i trwałego rozstroju zdrowia, nie przysługuje zadośćuczynienie na podstawie art. 448 k.c. W ocenie autora całkowite wykluczenie dochodzenia zadośćuczynienia przez bliskich poszkodowanego czynem niedozwolonym, który doznał ciężkiego i trwałego uszczerbku na zdrowiu, de lege lata wydaje się ograniczeniem zbyt daleko idącym i systemowo sprzecznym oraz podważającym poczucie bezpieczeństwa prawnego. Glosowana uchwała uwypukla potrzebę stworzenia regulacji, nieodnoszącej się do konstrukcji dóbr osobistych, będącej podstawą dochodzenia zadośćuczynienia przez osoby najbliższe poszkodowanego, który na skutek czynu niedozwolonego doznał ciężkiego i trwałego uszczerbku na zdrowiu prowadzącego do zerwania więzi rodzinnych w stopniu zbliżonym do skutku śmiertelnego.
Seguindo os traços da episteme moderno/colonial no Documento Curricular do Estado do Pará
Authors: Seixas Ribeiro Joyce Otânia
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo seguir alguns traços da episteme moderno/colonial presentes no Documento Curricular do Estado do Pará - DCEPará. O aporte teórico é o do giro decolonial com Mignolo (2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2014), Castro-Gómez (2007a, 2007b, 2014), Palermo (2014), e dos estudos curriculares com Silva (1999), Macedo (2014, 2015) e Lopes (2004). A etnografia multilocal, constitui a arte do fazer, um procedimento emergente e contestado, mas produtivo para a análise de documentos (MARCUS, 2001). Os resultados indicam que no DCEPará há muitos traços da episteme moderno/colonial, entre os quais a estrutura disciplinar e a homogeneização cultural. Os agentes estatais desviaram a atenção destes traços, disseminando uma retórica pedagógico-cultural crítica que defende a prática interdisciplinar, a diversidade e a participação.  Concluo argumentando que a desobediência epistêmica é capaz de produzir uma política do conhecimento outra, orientada pela política do lugar, pela transdisciplinaridade e pela interculturalidade.
Desenvolvimento profissional e precarização do trabalho docente: perspectivas e (des)continuidades
Authors: Castro Neta Abília Ana de , Cardoso Berta Leni Costa , Nunes Claudio Pinto
Published: September 2021

Este texto apresenta uma reflexão no tocante ao fenômeno da Precarização do Trabalho e o Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente, em face das mudanças ocorridas no mundo do trabalho, impulsionadas pelos processos de reestruturação capitalista. Utilizou-se o recurso instrumental do questionário, contendo os eixos/elementos constitutivos das fases da carreira docente. Os dados revelaram um desenvolvimento profissional que é marcado por progressões e (des)continuidades, caracterizado, sobretudo, por uma trajetória profissional não linear, perpassando por atravessamentos psíquico-emocionais. Perfazemos este estudo estabelecendo que o Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente se apresenta por meio de uma trajetória não linear, complexa e contraditória, reflexo das relações marcadas pelo Estado capitalista. É necessário compreendê-lo por um viés histórico e crítico. Perpassando por uma compreensão de espaço-tempo, as fases da carreira docente não devem, portanto, ser tomadas como estáticas ou lineares, mas concebidas por meio de uma relação dialética, material e histórica.
Prosódia na Libras – um estudo do Corpus do Enem-2017
Authors: Silva Rúbia Carla da , Santana Ana Paula de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

As articulações faciais refletem subcomponentes prosódicos das línguas orais e sinalizadas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, documental, de caráter descritivo-exploratória, através do método observacional. Objetiva-se compreender quais movimentos faciais de manifestação prosódica de entonação na Libras e suas significações em contexto narrativo. Como procedimento metodológico, optou-se por uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a American Sign Language (ASL) e a Língua de Sinais israelense, e pela análise de uma questão da prova do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) de 2017 – primeira edição em Libras. Como resultados, foram criadas tabelas sobre os movimentos dos elementos faciais superiores e suas significações, verificando-se a relevante contribuição da pesquisa para a legitimação linguística da Libras, para estudos sobre ensino e aprendizagem das línguas de sinais, para a significação, compreensão e produção da linguagem. Evidencia-se, portanto, a necessidade de novos olhares e pesquisas acerca da linguística da Libras, devido à escassez de estudos publicados.
As contradições da temporalidade pós-moderna, à luz da pandemia do novo coronavírus
Authors: Duque Eduardo , Durán Vázquez José Francisco
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo reflete-se sobre o quanto vivemos numa época de crescente complexidade, que parecia já ter superado todos os problemas, dada a segurança que a confiança nos processos científicos e tecnológicos parecia ter-nos devolvido. Mas quando estes processos, como agora acontece na pandemia de Coronavírus, mostram a sua fragilidade, eles revelam-nos, como nunca tinha acontecido, as suas debilidades. Fraquezas essas que resultam de depositar todo o valor objetivo nesses processos, acreditando que neles estava a capacidade de nos redimir de todos os nossos males. O correr atrás da inovação e do sucesso a todo o custo, sem ética, sem respeito pela natureza e pelos outros, sem consideração pelo passado e sem nele ancorar o futuro, reduz a estabilidade e a segurança estrutural das sociedades e dos indivíduos que as compõem.
Satisfação com experiências acadêmicas: variáveis preditoras em estudantes universitários de Moçambique
Authors: Campira Farissai Pedro , Bulaque Paulo Zebo , Almeida Leandro Silva
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo analisa o impacto das variáveis pessoais e do contexto na (in)satisfação com experiências acadêmicas em estudantes da Universidade Licungo em Moçambique. Participaram do estudo 711 estudantes, sendo 472 (66,4%) do sexo masculino. Foi aplicado, na modalidade online, um questionário contendo itens de descrição social e acadêmica dos estudantes e de avaliação de satisfação com as experiências acadêmicas. Com base no modelo de regressão hierárquica, a idade dos estudantes, as variáveis de rendimento (e.g., nível de participação nas aulas, intenção de mudança de curso) e as variáveis contextuais (e.g., mudança de residência para frequentar o ES, a ocupação do estudante) mostraram serem preditores significativos da (in)satisfação com experiências acadêmicas. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem a necessidade de implementação de estratégias de gestão universitária mais focadas nas características individuais e do contexto dos estudantes, visando melhorar a prestação de serviços e a satisfação dos estudantes.
Nanocellulose-based Delivery Systems and Cervical Cancer: Review of the Literature
Authors: Sadoughi Fatemeh , Hallajzadeh Jamal , Asemi Zatollah , Mansournia Mohammad A. , Yousefi Bahman
Published: September 2021

It has become clear that targeted therapy is one of the best options for decreasing the unpleasant side
effects of existing common methods and reducing the number of deaths occurred due to many types of cancer.
Biocompatible and non-toxic delivery systems are provided by nanomedicine for aiding targeted therapy in
many diseases containing cancer. Cervical cancer (CC) is not only the most common gynecological cancer but
also is ranked as the fourth common cancer between both men and women. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy,
surgery, and immunotherapy are the approaches, which are being used for treating CC patients. However, more
efficacy of these methods can be achieved with the help of nanomedicine and novel delivery systems. Nanocellulose
is one of the agents used for designing these systems in order to deliver different drugs to a diversity of
cancerous cells. In this review, we aim to investigate the competency of nanocellulose for establishing novel
therapeutic methods for cervical cancer. We hope that our results help develop more drug delivery systems for
targeted therapy to reduce the side effects and induce the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs.
Inhibition of iNOS by Benzimidazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Docking, and Biological Evaluations
Authors: Bansal Yogita , Minhas Richa
Published: September 2021

Background:

Inducible nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) plays a key role in the progression
of inflammatory diseases by accelerating the production of NO, which makes it an intriguing target
to treat inflammation in complex diseases. Therefore, the search is on to develop molecules as selective
iNOS inhibitors.

Objective:

The present work was aimed to design, synthesize and evaluate benzimidazole-coumarin
coupled molecules as anti-iNOS agents through in silico and pharmacological studies.

Methods:

A critical study of literature reports on iNOS inhibitors led to the selection of a
(un)substituted coumarin nucleus, 2-aminobenzimidazole, and a 4-atom linker as important structural
components for iNOS inhibition. Two series of compounds (7-16 and 17-26) were designed and synthesized
by coupling these components. The compounds were subjected to docking using iNOS
(1QW4) and nNOS (1QW6) as targets. All compounds were evaluated for NO and iNOS inhibitory
activities in vitro. The selected compound was finally evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in vivo
using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model.

Results:

All compounds showed moderate to good inhibition of NO and iNOS in vitro. Compound
12 was the most potent inhibitor of NO and iNOS. Hence, it was evaluated in vivo for toxicity and
anti-inflammatory activity. It was found to be safe in acute toxicity studies, and effective in reducing
the rat paw edema significantly. Its anti-inflammatory behaviour was similar to that of aminoguanidine,
which is a selective iNOS inhibitor.

Conclusion:

The newly synthesized benzimidazole-coumarin hybrids may serve as potential leads
for the development of novel anti-iNOS agents.
Environmental Degradation and Human Rights Violation: A Cursory Overview of the Potential of the Existing Frameworks to Hold Multinational Corporations Accountable
Authors: Owusu Emmanuel Sarpong
Published: September 2021

It has been reported that an estimated 100,000 multinational corporations (MNCs) account for about a quarter of the global gross domestic product (GDP), generating a turnover which exceeds, by leaps and bounds, the public budget of many countries. Unfortunately, the manner of operation of the ever-expanding MNCs appears to engender rampant environmental degradation and wanton human rights violations in host nations. Even though frameworks aiming to regulate the activities of these corporations are in place, the effectiveness of the said regulatory mechanisms has been vociferously challenged, time and again, by academics and experts across the globe. Drawing on a range of pertinent case law as well as secondary sources, this article attempts to critically explore, and navigate, the extent to which the existing regulatory frameworks have been effective in holding MNCs accountable for their environment and human rights-related transgressions. The article establishes that the extant regulatory mechanisms have, to some extent, however miniscule, helped to promulgate awareness and inculcate environmental and human rights issues into corporate culture. It, however, demonstrates that these frameworks are grossly inadequate owing to the complex nature of the MNCs, the overtly broad and obscure nature of the existing international instruments and the reeking corruption in domestic political and judicial institutions. It recommends the codification of binding documents, backed by adequate compliance mechanisms, and the creation of an International Court having special jurisdiction over all MNCs.
The Rehn-Meidner model and its role in the Swedish economic policy
Authors: Sawer Marta
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to describe the Swedish Rehn-Meidner model, the cause of its creation, its features and the reasons for changes in the Swedish economic policy over several decades. The model was developed by two Swedish economists in 1951 and it impacted the economic policy over the following decades. It was intended to facilitate achieving the goals of full employment, price stability, economic growth and equality in a redistribution of income through the policies of solidarity wage, restrictive economy, active labour market and marginal employment. The model was designed as a solution to the "overheating" of the Swedish economy in the 1950s. The implementation of the model initially proved to be successful. However, in the 1970s the economic policy began to be more influenced by trade unions, acting mainly in their own interest. Due to the growing globalisation other external factors, such as oil crises and negative demand shocks, started to have an increasing impact on Sweden. It was when economic decisions started to shift away from the recommendations of the model, and the "golden age" of the 1950s and 1960s came to an end. The following analysis intends to explain what was the model characterisation, how it influenced Sweden's development, and why the country economic policy has changed over time. It also states that despite changes in the economy, certain elements of the model have remained valid until today.
Analysis of main problems and challenges in the functioning of voluntary fire brigades in the Mazovian Voivodeship
Authors: Żurawicka Paulina , Kierzkowska Monika , Piwowarczyk Dariusz
Published: September 2021

The article presents results of an analysis of the main needs, problems and challenges in the functioning of volunteer fire brigades in the Mazovian Voivodeship. A survey addressed to the Mazovian OSP units was conducted in order to identify them. The analysis determined the needs of voluntary fire brigades in terms of improving their equipment, increasing the efficiency of their members to carry out rescue actions and collecting information about the readiness of the units to carry out rescue operations. The submitted answers made it possible to identify the forms of support preferred by the OSP units. This analysis is also supplemented with basic information on the National Firefighting and Rescue System and an analysis of the regulations constituting the legal grounds for functioning and financing of the voluntary fire brigades, including in particular the Act on Fire Protection of August 24, 1991, and the Associations Act of April 7, 1989.
Patients’ Perspectives on the Usability of a Blended Approach to an Integrated Intervention for Patients With Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Toonders Suze Adriana Johanna , van Westrienen Paula Elisabeth , Konings Sophie , Nieboer Marianne E , Veenhof Cindy , Pisters Martijn F
Published: September 2021

Background

Medically unexplained physical symptoms are physical symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, and dizziness, that persist for more than a few weeks and cannot be explained after adequate medical examination. Treatment for preventing the chronicity of symptoms is recommended. A promising approach is identifying patients who are at risk and subsequently offering a blended care intervention that focuses on promoting self-management while using eHealth as a supportive tool. When these interventions match with a patient’s expectations, their effectiveness grows.

Objective

This study aimed to obtain more insights into usability from the patient perspective to improve future interventions.

Methods

A mixed methods design (ie, the use of qualitative and quantitative data) was used. Through semistructured interviews, in-depth insights were gained into patients’ perspectives on usability. The analysis process was continuous and iterative. Data were synthesized and categorized into different themes. The System Usability Scale, which measures the usability of a system, was used to compare participants that found usability to be low, medium, or high. This study was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee Utrecht (approval number: 17-391/C).

Results

Saturation was reached after interviewing 13 participants. The following four themes emerged from the interviews: motivations and expectations prior to participating in the program, the applicability of e-coaching, the role of health care professionals, and the integrated design of the blended approach.

Conclusions

The successful implementation of integrated blended care interventions based on patients’ perspectives requires matching treatments to patients’ individual situations and motivations. Furthermore, personalizing the relative frequency of face-to-face appointments and e-coaching can improve usability.