Penyelesaian Sengketa Ansuransi Melalui Non Litigasi dan Perspektif Hukum Syariah
Authors: Sativa Annisa 
Published: October 2022

Abstrak

Penulisan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk berbagi pengetahuan dan memberikan sudut pandang baru dalam penyelesaian sengketa asuransi melalui non litigasi dan dilihat berdasarkan perpektif hukum syariah. Di dalam penulisan penelitian ini, metode penelitian hukum bersifat normatif diaplikasikan dengan menggunakan cara pendekatan atas peraturan perundang-undangan serta pendekatan konseptual yang kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk laporan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa metode yang dapat ditempuh oleh pemegang polis guna menyelesaikan sengketa melalui non litigasi dengan badan penyelesaian sengketa konsumen (BPSK). Mulai dari pengaduan kepada perusahaan asuransi sesuai ketentuan Pasal 2 ayat (1) POJK 1 / 2014 dan Pasal 32 ayat (1) POJK 1 / 2013, pengaduan kepada OJK sesuai ketentuan Pasal 40 ayat (1) POJK 1 / 2013, penyelesaian sengketa dengan penggunaan lembaga alternatif penyelesaian sengketa sesuai ketentuan Pasal 2 ayat (5) POJK 1 / 2014 serta penyelesaian sengketa melalui proses kepailitan pada Pengadilan Niaga pada Pengadilan Negeri sesuai ketentuan pasal 52 ayat (1) POJK 28/2015. Terdapat dua kelompok yang punya standar moralitas syariah pada penyelesaian masalah ekonomi dan bisnis dalam Islam, terutama pada persengketaan Asuransi; Pertama, kelompok yang langsung merujuk kepada etika Al-Qur’an dan hadis Kedua, kelompok yang menjadikan aturan-aturan interpretasi langsung terhadap ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah untuk menghasilkan beberapa prinsip dasar bagi ekonomi Islam.

Abstract

Writing this study aims to share knowledge and provide a new perspective in the resolution of insurance disputes throught non-litigation and viewed from the perspective of sharia law. In writing this research, normative legal research methods are applied by using an approach to legislation and a conceptual approach which is then presented in the form of a descriptive report. The results of the studiy show that there are several methods that can be taken by policyholders to resolve disputes through non-litigation with the consumer dispute settlement agency (BPSK). Starting from complaints to insurance companies in accordance with the provisions of article 2 paragraph (1) POJK 1/2014 and article 32 paragraph (1) POJK 1/2013, complaints to the OJK in accordance with the provisions of article 40 paragraph (1) POJK 1/2013, dispute resolution by using alternative dispute resolution institutions in accordance with the provisions of article 2 paragraph (5) of POJK 1/2014 as well as dispute resolution through the bankruptcy process at the Commercial Court at the Distric Court in accordance with the provisions of the article 52 paragraph (1) POJK 28/2015. There are two groups that have sharia standards of morality in solving economic and business problems in Islam, especially in insurance disputes; First, the group that directly refers to the ethics of the Quran and hadith. Second, the group that makes the rules of direct interpretation of the verses of the Quran and Hadis to produce some basic principles for Islamic economics.