bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA-binding protein biomarkers NR4A2 and NR4A3 in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury diagnosis
Authors: Chen Junrui , Chen Ximing , Zhang Keqin
Published: November 2024

Background:

The diagnosis of renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (RIRI) is crucial for renal transplant recipients. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) may have an impact on disease development. Therefore, this study explored the biomarkers associated with RBPs in RIRI.

Methods:

The RIRI related datasets, GSE37838 and GSE43974, and 3964 RBPs were employed in this research. The differential expression analysis was implemented for RIRI and control to gain differentially expressed genes in GSE37838. Then, differentially expressed genes were overlapped with RBPs to acquire intersection genes. Further, the machine learning, diagnostic analysis, and expression validation were executed to filtered biomarkers for RIRI. Additionally, pathway enrichment, molecular networks, and drug prediction were proceed.

Results:

The area under the curve values of NR4A2 and NR4A3 were >0.7, as well as the expression trend was consistent in both datasets, and all of them were remarkably highly expressed in RIRI. Therefore, they were considered as biomarkers of RIRI. Enrichment analyses revealed that they were both associated with neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions, among others. Further, the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA and transcription factors (TF)–mRNA network was constructed, revealing that they were all regulated by noncoding RNAs and TF, such as SNHG5-hsa-mir-10b-5p-NR4A3, CREB1, TFAP2A, etc. In addition, a large number of biomarker-related drugs were predicted, among which cadmium acetate, potassium chromate (VI), etc were associated with NR4A2 and NR4A3.

Conclusion:

In this study, we identified biomarkers associated with RBPs in RIRI, explored their associated pathways and drugs, which provided new insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of RIRI.
Nonlinear association of alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio with all-cause and cancer mortality: Evidence from NHANES 2005 to 2016
Authors: Wang Jiang , Wang Bo , Yuan Shiwang , Cheng Guangyi , Deng Sijia , Wang Yuyan , Shen Yu , Li Liantao
Published: November 2024

The relationship between the alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio (APAR) and mortality remains unclear. This research looked into the association between APAR levels and cause-specific mortality in US adults. A cohort of 7561 participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2016) was analyzed, with mortality outcomes collected from National Death Index records. Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were utilized to determine hazard ratio (HR) and reveal the nonlinear relationship between APAR levels and mortality. Inflection points were calculated using a recursive algorithm. Followed for an average 99.41 months, a total of 1048 deaths occurred, including 200 cancer deaths and 348 cardiovascular disease-related deaths. Following multivariate adjustment, significant associations were observed between APAR levels and increased all-cause (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.28–1.75, P < .001) and cardiovascular disease (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06–1.82, P = .018) mortality. Furthermore, nonlinear correlations between APAR levels and all-cause and cancer mortality were revealed, characterized by an L-shaped pattern, with mortality rates stabilizing at 1.289 and 2.167, respectively. Participants with APAR levels above the inflection point exhibited a 29.2% increase in all-cause mortality risk per unit increase in APAR levels (HR 1.292, 95% CI 1.217–1.372, P < .001), and a 38.3% increase in cancer mortality risk (HR 1.383, 95% CI 1.199–1.596, P < .001). This study demonstrated nonlinear associations between APAR levels and all-cause and cancer mortality. Thresholds of 1.289 and 2.167 might serve as potential targets for APAR to reduce all-cause and cancer mortality, respectively. Our findings suggest that APAR can be a valuable prognostic tool for clinical mortality risk assessments, helping to identify individuals at higher risk. Nevertheless, these findings necessitate validation through large-scale clinical trials for further substantiation.
A child with factor V deficiency with a novel F5 gene mutation misdiagnosed as a left iliac fossa abscess: A case report
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Liu Lu , Guo Qin , Li Yiyuan , Luo Shuanghong , Wan Chaomin , Zhu Yu
Published: November 2024

Rationale:

Congenital factor V deficiency is classified as a rare bleeding disorder that is expressed in an autosomal recessive manner and generally occurs in 1 in a million people. This disorder is accompanied by a variety of clinical manifestations, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis. This is the first report to identify the factor V gene variant c.2439delC (p.I814Lfs*23) in exon 13.

Patient concerns:

A 13-year-old boy was admitted with a suspected left iliac fossa abscess. He had been previously diagnosed with and underwent management for a left iliac fossa abscess at a local hospital. The patient was treated with antibiotics and underwent surgical excision; however, his left iliac fossa mass reappeared. Platelet count and function, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time were all normal.

Diagnoses:

The patient was considered to have congenital factor V deficiency following the measurement of coagulation factor activity, and the diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing.

Interventions:

The mass was diagnosed as an abscess and the patient was treated with antibiotics at the local hospital. Surgical resection was performed, after which the mass was identified as a hematoma. The patient was then transferred to our hospital for treatment with fresh frozen plasma (FFP) infusion.

Outcomes:

The left iliac fossa mass stopped growing and the coagulation function exhibited a significant improvement. At discharge, the patient was recommended to seek medical help before any surgical intervention or following trauma, and when a deep hemorrhage is identified, the patient should undergo timely infusion with FFP.

Lessons:

This case report presents a rare occurrence of congenital factor V deficiency resulting in a left iliac fossa hematoma mistaken for an abscess, which resulted in unnecessary antibiotic therapy and surgery. This case emphasizes that coagulation factor deficiency should be highly suspected for joint mass combined with coagulation dysfunction.
Prevalence and characteristics of positional obstructive sleep apnea in a Saudi population-based cohort
Authors: Wali Siraj , Kanbr Omar , Alhejaili Faris , Alshumrani Ranya , Manzar Md Dilshad , Mansour Haneen
Published: November 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), significantly impacts public health, with varying prevalence rates across populations. Positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) is a subtype in which OSA predominantly occurs in the supine position. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of exclusive positional obstructive sleep apnea (e-POSA) in a representative Saudi population. Data from a previous cohort study on the prevalence of OSA in Saudi Arabia were utilized. A 2-phase approach was used: the first phase involved a screening questionnaire, and the second phase involved confirmatory polysomnography (PSG). E-POSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in the supine position at least twice as high as that in the lateral position, with the lateral AHI not exceeding 5. Then, an exploration method was used to estimate the prevalence of e-POSA. There were 235 OSA patients included in this study. The prevalence of e-POSA among the OSA patients was 21.28%, with a higher prevalence in females (26.76%) than in males (18.90%). However, the estimated prevalence of e-POSA in the Saudi population was 1.86%. Patients with e-POSA tended to be younger and to have lower AHI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and arousal index scores (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the rapid eye movement (REM) related AHI and nonsupine AHI were predictors of e-POSA (P < .01). E-POSA is common in patients with OSA. However, the estimated prevalence of e-POSA across the general population was 1.86%. Patients with e-POSA have milder disease, and the AHI-REM and AHI-nonsupine were identified as predictors.
Characteristics of the current situation of drug use in elderly patients with chronic diseases in Chongqing: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hu Xiaolei , Tang Min , Feng Jie , Chen Weiqiong , Li Guangcan , Ding Ling , Cheng Mo , Liu Mengying , Zhou Jun , Liu Xiaofei , Liu Jia
Published: November 2024

Following improved accessibility to medical services, the phenomenon of polypharmacy in elderly patients with comorbidity has been increasing globally. Polypharmacy patients are prone to drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and even the risk of death etc. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fully understand the current status and characteristics of drug use in elderly patients with chronic diseases, focusing on polypharmacy factors to ensure that medications for elderly patients are effective and safe. To collect and analyze the characteristics of the current drug use situation in elderly patients with chronic diseases in Chongqing and further explore the influencing factors for polypharmacy, providing references for formulating more effective and safe medication regimens for elderly patients. Most elderly patients affected with chronic diseases in Chongqing were willing to go to hospitals or pharmacies to buy medicines. However, they were not familiar with their disease conditions and drug-related adverse reactions and could not be regularly followed up or monitored. The number of diseases, medications, and adverse drug reactions increased with the increasing age of elderly patients. The problem of irrational use of drugs in elderly patients with chronic diseases was relatively prominent, especially the use of traditional Chinese medicines. The medication situation in elderly patients with chronic diseases was not optimistic, and the problem of polypharmacy was relatively prominent. Further large-scale studies are needed to provide a certain reference for improving the current status of drug use in elderly patients.
A nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis with extended time window
Authors: Wei Hui , Yang Ting , Liu Miaomiao , Wu Minhao , Gao Yangqin , Yang Hongyan
Published: November 2024

A recent randomized controlled clinical trial expanded the time window of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) beyond 4.5 hours by applying neuroimaging standards, enabling more patients to benefit from IVT. However, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after IVT is still a major concern. We aimed to develop a nomogram to predict HT in AIS patients receiving IVT with extended time window. We aimed to develop a nomogram to predict HT in AIS patients receiving IVT with extended time window. Patients with AIS receiving IVT with extended time window from March 2017 to April 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into the HT group and the non-HT group based on computed tomography. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the predictive factors for HT. A nomogram was developed based on the predictive factors. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). A calibration plot was used to evaluate the calibration of the nomogram. A decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to test the clinical value. A total of 210 patients were enrolled, and 44 patients (21.0%) had HT. Onset to needle time (ONT) (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.000–1.004, P = .016), atrial fibrillation (OR = 2.853, 95% CI: 1.072–7.594, P = .036), and baseline NIHSS (OR = 1.273, 95% CI: 1.159–1.399, P = .000) were predictive factors of HT. The AUC of the nomogram was 0.833 (95% CI: 0.7623–0.9041), with a sensitivity of 78.9% and specificity of 77.3%. The calibration curve indicates that predicted results of the nomogram were in good agreement with the actual observation results. The DCA showed the nomogram had good clinical applicability in predicting HT. We developed an easy-to-use nomogram to predict HT in AIS patients receiving IVT with extended time window. It could be a potential tool to stratify the risk of HT for patients beyond 4.5 hours of onset who may undergo IVT.
Gene prediction of the causal relationship between immune cells and IgA nephropathy: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Yukai , Zhang Chenwei , Liu Gang , He Peiyun , Wan Binbin
Published: November 2024

IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerular disease worldwide, with inflammation and autoimmune response mechanisms permeating the entire disease development process. The advancement of genome-wide association studies has enabled deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms and genetic susceptibility. Therefore, this study aims to explore the causal relationship between 731 immune cell types and the disease through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This 2-sample MR study investigated bidirectional causal relationships using summary statistics for immune cells characteristics from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) catalog and IgA nephropathy from the FinnGen dataset. The study primarily utilized the Inverse Variance Weighted method for its main outcome. Additionally, the robustness of the results is further enhanced by analyses of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and multiple sensitivity tests. After adjusting for false discovery rate (FDR), the study results revealed a bidirectional causal relationship between CD8 on terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67–0.88, P = .0001) and CD4 on CD28+ CD4+ T cells (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.64–0.87, P = .0001) with the risk of IgA nephropathy. CD64 on CD14+ CD16+ monocytes (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.51–0.85, P = .0013) is considered a protective factor, while the percentages of CD8+ and CD8dim T cells (1.38, 95% CI = 1.17–1.63, P = .0002) in leukocytes are viewed as risk factors. This study employed genetic variation as an instrumental variable to explore the genetic association between immune cells and IgA nephropathy, aiming to offer new insights into early prevention and personalized treatment of the disease.
Preoperative animated videos reduce education time and increase content awareness for patients with digital subtraction angiography-guided implantable venous access ports
Authors: Jin Zhexia , Niu Zhongfeng , Wu Chunqiao , Hu Xi , Shen Funv , Xiao Yayun , Zhang Yan
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to discuss the clinical value of health education using an animated video for postoperative patients with digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided implantable venous access ports. Retrospective study. Based on expert consensus and clinical experience, we created an animated video presenting postoperative health education for patients to watch after infusion port implantation and uploaded it to a multimedia room. A total of 93 patients who underwent DSA-guided implantable venous access port placement at our hospital from March to June 2022 and from July to October 2022 were selected. Forty-six patients who received traditional oral and written education from March to June 2022 were selected as the control group. Forty-seven patients who received animated video-assisted health education from July to October 2022 were selected as the experimental group. The time spent on health education and patients’ awareness of the educational content were compared between the 2 groups. The time spent on health education in the experimental group was 3.51 ± 0.62 minutes, which was less than that of the control group, 6.76 ± 1.14 minutes (t = 17.07, P < .001). Patients’ awareness of educational content in the experimental group was 8.62 ± 1.26 points, which was significantly better than the control group’s 7.26 ± 1.63 points (t = −4.490, P < .001). Animated video-assisted health education can enable patients to gain a better understanding of educational content in a shorter time. Moreover, it can improve nurses’ interventional efficiency. Therefore, this health education method is worthy of clinical promotion.
Effects of the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Zhijian , Wang Xinying , Li Cheng , Luo Lihua , Li Wei
Published: November 2024

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Methods:

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to March 31, 2024. RevMan 5.3 was used to conduct meta-analyses of the final included studies.

Results:

Three randomized controlled studies were conducted. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was reduced in the UC-MSCs group compared that in to the control group (mean difference: ‐25.85; 95% confidence interval: −41.50, −10.20; P = .001). Knee Lysholm Score was improved in the UC-MSCs group compared with the control group (mean difference: 18.33; 95% confidence interval: 12.89, 23.77; P < .00001). Egger test showed P = .583, indicating no publication bias. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were stable.

Conclusion:

Intra-articular injection of UC-MSCs improved function and reduced pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, the number of included studies was small and more studies are needed to confirm this.
Characteristics of gastric cancers developed more than 10 years after eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Sasaki Akiko , Ichita Chikamasa , Sumida Chihiro , Nishino Takashi , Nagayama Miki , Kawachi Jun , Suno Yuma , Murata Takaaki , Naito Wataru , Yamamichi Nobutake
Published: November 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) eradication is expected to effectively prevent gastric cancer (GC). However, GC cases may occur even longer than 10 years after H pylori eradication (L10AE). Moreover, the associated factors and characteristics are unknown. In this retrospective, single-center study conducted between 2017 and 2022, patients with GC diagnosed after H pylori eradication were enrolled and categorized into groups according to whether they were shorter than 10 years after H pylori eradication (S10AE) or L10AE. Patients were also categorized according to the depth of cancer invasion. Clinical data, pathological data, and risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression. Clinicopathological characteristics of GC diagnosed at L10AE and those invading the submucosal tissue or deeper (SMD) were investigated. In total, 202 cases of GC occurring after H pylori eradication were identified. Comparison of 158 S10AE and 44 L10AE GC cases revealed a significantly longer surveillance interval (SI) in L10AE cases (median: 2.0 vs 1.0 years, P = .01). Comparison of 150 intramucosal and 52 SMD GC cases revealed that L10AE GC cases were significantly more frequent amongst the SMD cases (18.0% vs 32.7%, P = .03). Pathologically, undifferentiated and mixed types were significantly more frequent in GC cases with SMD invasion (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that L10AE was significantly related to GC cases with SMD invasion (odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–5.11; P = .019). SI was significantly longer in GC that developed at L10AE than at S10AE. In addition, GC with SMD invasion was more frequently detected in L10AE than in S10AE. Our data indicated that SI should not be groundlessly extended in patients at L10AE.
Multimorbidity in the elderly of an educational program in Brazilian capital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alves Cássia Cristina de Paula , Costa Vinícius Vieira da , Costa Camila de Oliveira , Santos Brenda Leandro dos , Barbosa-Junior Francisco , Meiners Micheline Marie Milward de Azevedo , Areda Camila Alves , Karnikowski Margô Gomes de Oliveira , Oliveira Rinaldo Eduardo Machado de
Published: November 2024

Population aging generated changes in the epidemiological profile and culminated in a high frequency of diseases. The objective of this study was estimating the prevalence of multimorbidity and the associated variables in the elderly of an educational program in the Federal District of Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study with data collection carried out during the period from December 2022 to April 2023 by means of telephone calls. Multimorbidity was defined as a concomitant presence of 2 or more noncommunicable chronic diseases. One-hundred fifty individuals aged between 60 and 82 years old participated in the study. The median number of self-reported diseases was 2, ranging from 0 to 9. The estimated prevalence of multimorbidity was 69.3%, being higher among elderly individuals self-reporting their health as regular or bad/or very bad, having systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, hypothyroidism, overweight/obesity, and depression, including polypharmacy (P < .05). The high rate of multimorbidity and associated variables shows the importance of an integrated approach on health services focused on promoting health and preventing health impairment to favor the quality of life during aging.
Comparison of a fixed-dose combination of Celecoxib/PG201 [Layla®] versus co-administration of individual formulations in healthy participants: A randomized trial
Authors: Song Ji Hye , Koh Hyunsook , Moon Hyun-Young , Jung Jin-Gyu , Hong Jang Hee , Sunwoo Jung
Published: November 2024

Background:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease affecting the spine, hands, hips, knees, and feet. However, definitive drugs for OA are lacking, and current treatments are limited owing to inconvenient administration, inadequate functional improvement, and long-term side effects including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and safety profiles of PK101, a fixed-dose combination (FDC) comprising PG201, a 12-herb extract used in OA treatment in traditional East Asian medicine, and celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, by comparing its administration as an FDC and the corresponding individual formulations in healthy subjects.

Patients and methods:

A randomized, open-label, single-dose, 2 × 2 crossover design with a cohort of healthy participants. All subjects received a single FDC tablet (405.4 mg PG201 and 100 mg celecoxib) or the individual formulations, with 7-day washout period between administrations. The estimation of maximum plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration of celecoxib involved determining the geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals of the FDC compared to its individual formulations.

Results:

Forty-six participants were enrolled; however, only 44 completed the study. The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) for the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration and maximum plasma concentration of celecoxib were 1.1124 (1.0601–1.1672) and 1.2788 (1.1708–1.3969), respectively. The time of maximum plasma concentration range was 1.0 to 4.0 hours and 1.0 to 6.0 hours (minimum–maximum) for the FDC and individual formulations, respectively. Seven adverse events occurred in 6 subjects.

Conclusion:

The systemic exposure and safety profiles of the individual and FDC formulations were similar, supporting their potential as an innovative and effective therapeutic approach for OA treatment. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Genetically predicted blood metabolites mediate the association between circulating immune cells and severe COVID-19: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ai Ning , Zhang Yan , Yang Jing , Zhang Yu , Zhao Xuejing , Feng Huifen
Published: November 2024

Investigating the causal relationship between circulating immune cells, blood metabolites, and severe COVID-19 and revealing the role of blood metabolite-mediated circulating immune cells in disease onset and progression. Genetic variation data of 731 circulating immune cells, 1400 blood metabolites, and severe COVID-19 from genome-wide association study open-access database (https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk) were used as instrumental variables for bidirectional and two-step Mendelian randomization analysis. The study identified 11 circulating immune cells with unidirectional causality to severe COVID-19. Two-step Mendelian randomization analysis showed 10 blood metabolites were causally associated with severe COVID-19, and blood Myristate and Citrulline to phosphate ratio mediated the association of circulating effector memory double negative % DN and CD8dim natural killer T cell % T cells, respectively, with severe COVID-19 (Myristate mediated effect ratio was 10.20%, P = .011; Citrulline to phosphate ratio mediated effect ratio was −9.21%, P = .017). This study provides genetic evidence assessing the causal relationship between circulating immune cells, blood metabolites, and severe COVID-19, elucidates the role of blood metabolite-mediated circulating immune cells in severe COVID-19 development, and offers new insights into severe COVID-19 etiology and related preventive and targeted therapeutic strategies.
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of spleen volume and Crohn disease
Authors: Song Hang-Hang , Zhang Hao-Ran , Hu Xiao-Rong , Jiang Xi-Cheng
Published: November 2024

In observational studies, there has been an association found between spleen volume and Crohn disease. We conducted a two-way, two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to determine whether these associations have a causal relationship. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (P < 5 × 10‐8) were used as instrumental variables for spleen volume and Crohn disease. Estimates of the genetic associations between spleen volume and Crohn disease were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit, European Bioinformatics Institute, UK Biobank, and FinnGen databases. Analysis was performed using MR-Egger regression, weighted median estimator, inverse variance weighted, simple model, and weighted model. Genetically predicted spleen volume was found to be associated with Crohn disease. In the IEU database, the odds ratios (ORs) for Crohn disease caused by spleen volume were 1.237 (95% CI, 1.056–1.417, P = .021), and the ORs for spleen volume caused by Crohn disease were 1.015 (95% CI, 0.985–1.044; P = .049). In the EBI database, the ORs for Crohn disease caused by spleen volume were 1.292 (95% CI, 1.120–1.463, P = .003), and the ORs for spleen volume caused by Crohn disease were 1.026 (95% CI, 1.005–1.046; P = .013). Results from the UKB and FinnGen databases showed no causal relationship between the two. The summary results showed that Crohn disease caused an increase in spleen volume, with ORs of 1.009 (95% CI, 1.000–1.018; P = .047). This study provides evidence for a mutual causal relationship between spleen volume and an increased risk of Crohn disease.
Causal relationship between sleep characteristics and thyroid function: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jia Zonghang , Li Zhonghui , Li Yujie
Published: November 2024

Background:

Previous researches have revealed some links between thyroid function and sleep characteristics, however it remains unclear which one causes the other. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential causal relationship between hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and sleep characteristics.

Methods:

We utilized aggregated data from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to select genetic instruments for sleep variables. The 5 sleep-related traits (chronotype, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia) were associated with distinct genetic variants chosen as instrumental factors. Employing MR Egger’s analysis of Mendelian randomization (MR), weighted median, weighted mode, and inverse variance weighted (IVW) methods to assess the 5 sleep traits in relation to hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, we subsequently conducted inverse MR analysis to examine the causal relationship between thyroid function and the 5 sleep characteristics.

Results:

The IVW technique did not reveal a causal association between chronotype, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, or insomnia and the risk of abnormal thyroid function in the study investigating the influence of sleep characteristics on this risk. The outcomes of the IVW approach were consistent with the remaining 3 methods. The IVW, weighted median, MR Egger, and weighted mode methods in the reverse magnetic resonance imaging investigation did not yield evidence of a causative association between the risk of time type, long sleep duration, and insomnia and abnormal thyroid function. In contrast, the weighted median and weighted mode methods showed a possible causal relationship between hypothyroidism and short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness. Sensitivity analyses showed that the results were robust and no pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected.

Conclusion:

More precisely, our analysis did not uncover any indication of a reciprocal causal link between thyroid function and genetically predicted sleep characteristics.
Intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography concerning visual field outcomes in “green” patients: An observational study
Authors: Chou Jia-Ying , Tseng Po-Chen , Hu Hsiao-Yun , Yen Chu-Yu
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, and visual field (VF) outcomes in ‘Green’ patients—those with normal OCT findings but potential VF abnormalities. Understanding this relationship is crucial for improving early detection and management strategies for glaucoma, especially in patients who show functional loss despite normal structural findings on OCT. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taiwan, from July 1, 2015, to July 1, 2023. Participants were referred for suspected glaucoma and included based on normal OCT parameters (‘green’ coding) and completed VF tests. Patients with any ocular disease that could confound results were excluded. Logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between IOP, OCT parameters (rim area, disc area, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, cup-to-disc ratios, and cup volume), and VF outcomes. Age, sex, and IOP status (normal or ocular hypertension) were also included in the analysis. All data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0. Larger disc area was a significant predictor of VF abnormalities, with an adjusted OR of 3.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–12.15). Neither normal IOP nor ocular hypertension significantly predicted VF loss (adjusted OR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.27–2.96). Female sex was associated with a higher likelihood of VF abnormalities (adjusted OR = 5.68; 95% CI, 1.03–31.25). Other OCT parameters, including retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and cup-to-disc ratios, were not significantly associated with VF outcomes. Disc area plays a critical role in predicting VF abnormalities in “green” patients, suggesting the importance of integrating disc size into screening and monitoring protocols. These findings challenge the reliance on IOP alone for predicting VF loss and support the need for more comprehensive assessments. Future research should explore longitudinal studies to further assess the predictive value of disc area and investigate additional factors, such as vascular and biomechanical influences, that may contribute to VF deterioration in this population.
The association between age-related macular degeneration and risk of Parkinson disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Meng Mingxian , Shen Xiaoming , Xie Yanming , Wang Jiabin , Liu Junhong
Published: November 2024

Background:

Numerous cohort studies have explored the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Parkinson disease (PD). However, a comprehensive meta-analysis on this topic is currently lacking. This study aims to address this gap by conducting a meta-analysis of existing cohort studies to investigate the relationship between AMD and the risk of developing PD.

Methods:

Relevant studies were systematically identified through thorough searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Two investigators independently conducted data extraction. Cohort studies meeting the eligibility criteria and providing risk and precision estimates regarding AMD and the risk of PD were included. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) accompanied by 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using either a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model. Sensitivity analyses, involving the exclusion of 1 study at a time, were performed to assess the robustness of the findings. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger test.

Results:

Five studies were included, encompassing a total of 4,771,416 individuals. Among these, 128,771 individuals had AMD, while 4,642,645 individuals did not. The pooled analysis revealed a significant increase in the risk of developing PD for individuals with age-related macular degeneration (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–1.71; I
2 = 47.3%). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. For the exploration of the relationship between nAMD and the risk of developing PD, 2 cohorts were included. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significantly elevated risk of PD for individuals with nAMD (HR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.55–3.16; I
2 = 0%).

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis suggests a significant association between AMD and an increased risk of PD. These findings offer fresh perspectives on PD’s etiology and pathogenesis, but should be interpreted with caution given the limitations in establishing causality.
The development of nurse-led clinics in China: Current status and future perspectives
Authors: Lian Xiaoshuang , Qian Weiming , Zhang Yukun
Published: November 2024

With the evolution of medical models and diverse healthcare service needs, nurse-led clinics (NLCs) have gained increasing attention. China began experimenting with NLCs in 1997 and their development has accelerated in recent years. This study reviews the current status, management practices, and innovative advancements in NLCs in China and compares them with those in other countries or regions. It analyses the existing challenges and obstacles to the development of NLCs in China, offering valuable insights for promoting their growth. Additionally, this study provides references that can guide the development of NLCs worldwide.
Triglyceride-glucose index and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: Analysis from 1999 to 2018 NHANES data
Authors: Ding Wenlong , Fang Caoyang , Wang Long , Fang Cunming
Published: November 2024

This research seeks to examine the correlation between the triglyceride-glucose index and the hazard of all-cause and cardiovascular death in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD). By evaluating the index, we can better anticipate and assess the risk and prognosis of CVD patients, and provide precise and individualized guidance for clinical treatment and management. Demographic and clinical data of 2185 CVD patients from 10 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 1999 to 2018 were extracted for analysis. Employed the 3-level quantile method to group data, and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model along with subgroup analysis to study the correlation between index and both mortalities. Additionally, restricted cubic spline examination was employed to assess the correlation, aiming to enhance the comprehension of their interrelation. Over the course of an average post-observation duration of 89.5 months involving 2185 CVD individuals, 607 patients suffered from all-cause mortality and 313 patients suffered from CVD-related mortality. An inverted U-shaped correlation was identified through restricted cubic spline analysis. During the multivariate COX regression analysis, it was found that individuals in the T2 and T3 had a dramatically lower hazard of both mortalities as opposed to those in the T1. The results were overall consistent across subgroup analyses according to age, gender, race, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension, the interaction between these characteristics and the index was not remarkable (P > .05). Studies conducted on CVD individuals in the US have revealed a U-shaped correlation between triglyceride-glucose index and hazard of both all-cause and CVD-related death. However, further investigations are required to examine the particular function of index in forecasting the prognosis of CVD individuals. This will be helpful in accurately evaluating the risk and prognosis of CVD patients, and ultimately in developing more precise and personalized treatment and management strategies.
Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of night shift nurses’ sense of occupational benefit
Authors: Liu Zhenfan , Yan Xiaoting , Chen Cui , Wu Jijun , Lu Jing
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and influencing factors of night shift nurses’ sense of occupational benefit, and to explore the influence of psychological resilience on the sense of occupational benefit. 2022 from August to October, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 719 night shift nurses using a general information questionnaire, psychological resilience scale, and sense of occupational benefit scale. A total of 719 valid questionnaires were collected. The score of night shift nurses’ sense of occupational benefit was (137.40 ± 21.10) and psychological resilience score was (65.63 ± 17.75). Age (β = 3.359, P < .05) was significantly correlated with sense of occupational benefit. Education (β = 3.586, P < .05) was significantly correlated with the sense of occupational benefit, and whether or not they had participated in outbreak prevention and control (β = −2.321, P < .05) was significantly correlated with the sense of occupational benefit. Similarly, psychological resilience (β = 0.859, P < .05) was significantly associated with the sense of occupational benefit. Night shift nurses’ sense of occupational benefit was moderate to high, and interventions should be taken to enhance the sense of occupational benefit based on nurses’ age, education, whether they have participated in epidemic prevention and control, and psychological resilience.
A retrospective study of recombinant human growth hormone in the treatment of school-aged pediatric patients with idiopathic short stature
Authors: Chen Yao , Li Yun-Hai , Zhang Xue-Rong
Published: November 2024

The present study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) in the treatment of school-age pediatric patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS). Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with ISS and treated with r-hGH at our hospital were enrolled as research subjects. The main outcome indicators included the serum level of insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, baseline height standard deviation scores, and posttreatment height standard deviation scores and retrospective analysis was performed. This study complies with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. A total of 42 pediatric patients with a diagnosis of ISS were enrolled in the present study (24 males and 18 females). Following treatment, the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 were significantly higher than the baseline level and the difference was statistically significant. The posttreatment height standard deviation scores was significantly higher than the baseline height standard deviation scores and the difference was statistically significant. There were no significant differences between male and female participants in height standard deviation scores, either before or following treatment. This study found that r-hGH therapy may increase height in school-age pediatric patients with ISS and is therefore worthy of clinical application.
Integrative analysis of single-nucleus RNA sequencing and Mendelian randomization to explore novel risk genes for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Huang Chao , Zhou Ruihao , Huang Xingya , Dai Fanshu , Zhang Biao
Published: November 2024

In this study, we aimed to delineate cellular heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and identify genetic markers contributing to its pathogenesis using integrative analysis of single-nucleus RNA sequencing (sn-RNA-Seq) and Mendelian randomization (MR). The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex sn-RNA-Seq dataset (GSE243292) was sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Data preprocessing was conducted using the Seurat R software package, employing principal component analysis (PCA) and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) for cell clustering and annotation. MR analysis was used to identify instrumental variables from expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and GWAS data by applying inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median (WM) and MR-Egger methods. This was complemented by leave-one-out sensitivity analysis to validate the causal relationship on AD risk genes. We identified 23 distinct cell clusters, which were annotated into eight subgroups, including oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursors, astrocytes, macrophage cells, endothelial cells, glutamatergic neurons, neural stem cells, and neurons. Notably, the number of macrophages significantly increased in the AD group. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summaries and eQTL data, MR analysis identified causal relationships for 7 genes with significant impacts on AD risk. Among these genes, CACNA2D3, INPP5D, RBM47, and TBXAS1 were associated with a decreased risk of AD, whereas EPB41L2, MYO1F, and SSH2 were associated with an increased risk. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings. Expression analysis revealed that these genes were variably expressed across different cell subgroups. Except for the CACNA2D3 gene, the other 6 genes showed increased expression levels in the macrophages, particularly EPB41L2 and SSH2. Our findings highlight the potential of specific genetic markers identified through integrative analysis of sn-RNA-Seq and MR in guiding the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease.
Deciphering sepsis: An observational bioinformatic analysis of gene expression in granulocytes from GEO dataset GSE123731
Authors: Jin Li , He Xiaowei , Wang Yuanyuan , Shao Feng , Qian Jun , Jiang Mengxiao , Zhang Shengjie , Liao Wenjie
Published: November 2024

Sepsis triggers severe inflammatory responses leading to organ dysfunction and demands early diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. This study identifies differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sepsis patients using the Gene Expression Omnibus database to find potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers. We analyzed the dataset GSE123731 via GEO2R to detect DEGs, constructed protein–protein interaction networks, and performed transcription factor analyses using Cytoscape. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were conducted using R and FunRich software. Key genes were validated by Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain and co-immunoprecipitation assays in granulocytes from sepsis patients. We identified 59 DEGs significantly involved in neutrophil degranulation and immune system activation. Cytokine signaling pathways were highlighted in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis. Co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed interactions involving matrix metallopeptidase 8, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and arginase 1, supporting their roles as biomarkers. The identified DEGs and validated interactions reveal crucial molecular mechanisms in sepsis, offering new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, potentially enhancing patient outcomes.
Serum LINC01133 combined with CEA and CA19-9 contributes to the diagnosis and survival prognosis of gastric cancer
Authors: Sui Xiaomei , Zhang Qifu , Hao Meili , Chen Yanfang
Published: November 2024

Background:

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are currently 2 major diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC). The aims of study were to detect the expression of long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 1133 (LINC01133), and to evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic value in GC. Furthermore, the clinical performance of the joint detection of LINC01133, CEA and CA19-9 was also evaluate in GC.

Methods:

The data were collected from 156 GC, 96 chronic superficial gastritis, 77 chronic atrophic gastritis patients and 89 healthy controls. LINC01133 expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of LINC01133, CEA, CA19-9 individually and jointly. Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to conduct survival comparison analysis. Cox regression was used to screen the independent prognostic factors for GC.

Results:

Serum LINC01133 expression was decreased in GC patients compared with chronic superficial gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis and healthy controls, and had considerable diagnostic potential, and notably, the joint detection of LINC01133, CEA, and CA19-9 showed the highest diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing GC patients from healthy or gastritis patients. LINC01133 expression was associated with GC patients’ CEA and CA19-9 levels, tumor size, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis stage. Low LINC01133 was associated with poor GC survival, and was an independent prognostic factor for GC.

Conclusion:

Decreased serum LINC01133 had considerable diagnostic potential, and the joint detection of LINC01133, CEA, and CA19-9 might be a more efficient diagnostic strategy for GC patients. Reduced LINC01133 served as a prognostic biomarker to predict poor GC survival.
Does type II diabetes mellitus increase the morbidity of patients with diverticulitis?
Authors: Alshandeer Marei H. , Abd El Maksoud Walid M. , Abbas Khaled S. , Al Amri Fahad S. , Alghamdi Maha A. , Alzahrani Hassan A. , Dalboh Abdullah , Bawahab Mohammed A. , Asiri Aisha J. , Assiri Yahia
Published: November 2024

Diverticular disease is a common condition that has numerous complications. Understanding the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on these complications, especially diverticulitis, is crucial for optimizing patient care. This study aimed to determine the relationship between type II DM and the complications of colonic diverticulitis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 158 patients complaining of diverticulitis at Asir Central Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia, between January 2013 and December 2023. Data on gender, age, and chronic diseases, especially DM, were collected. Data retrieved regarding diverticulitis included the involved segment, complications, Hinchey classification, and management. We classified the patients into groups A for nondiabetics and B for diabetics. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t tests, and analysis of variance. Diabetic patients were significantly older than their nondiabetic counterparts. Diabetic patients showed a significantly higher complication rate (62.5%) and a higher degree of Hinchey classification compared to nondiabetic patients (43.7%). Furthermore, in comparison to individuals without diabetes, they were hospitalized for a considerably extended period (8.06 ± 7.38 days vs 5.26 ± 5.90 days, respectively). In addition, surgical intervention was observed to be considerably more common in patients with diabetes (46.9%) than in those without diabetes (16.5%). The study showed that DM adversely affected patients with diverticulitis. A greater incidence of complications and a higher category of Hinchey classification were associated with DM compared to nondiabetics. Additionally, diabetics underwent more surgical interventions and had longer hospital stays. Diabetics with diverticulitis require particular care to prevent severe complications.