bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doppler compensation for cavity-based atom interferometry
Authors: Nourshargh Rustin , Hedges Sam , Langlois Mehdi , Bongs Kai , Holynski Michael
Published: July 2022

We propose and demonstrate a scheme for Doppler compensated optical cavity enhancement of atom interferometers at significantly increased mode diameters. This overcomes the primary limitations in cavity enhancement for atom interferometry, circumventing the cavity linewidth limit and enabling spatial mode filtering, power enhancement, and a large beam diameter simultaneously. This approach combines a magnified linear cavity with an intracavity Pockels cell. The Pockels cell induces a voltage-controlled birefringence allowing the cavity mode frequencies to follow the Raman lasers as they track gravitationally induced Doppler shifts, removing the dominant limitation of current cavity enhanced systems. A cavity is built to this geometry and shown to simultaneously realise Doppler compensation, a 5.8 ± 0.15 mm1/e2 diameter beam waist and an enhancement factor of >5× at a finesse of 35. Tuneable Gouy phase enables the suppression of higher order spatial modes and the avoidance of regions of instability. Atom interferometers will see increased contrast at extended interferometry times along with power enhancement and the reduction of optical aberrations. This is relevant to power constrained applications in quantum technology, alongside the absolute performance requirements of fundamental science.
Broadband metasurface aberration orrectors for hybrid meta/refractive MWIR lenses
Authors: Shih Ko-Han , Renshaw C. Kyle
Published: July 2022

A method for designing multi-metasurface layouts for optical aberration correction is presented. All-dielectric metasurfaces are combined with conventional refractive optics to form a hybrid lens. The optical power of a hybrid lens is primarily provided by refractive optics, and metasurfaces are optimized to control optical aberrations. This approach greatly reduces the magnitude of phase gradient required for a largescale metasurface and hence its diffraction loss. An inverse design technique is incorporated to optimize all physical parameters on a metasurface to minimize image spots across all sampling field angles and wavelengths. This approach is put to test by designing a hybrid lens composed of a midwave infrared refractive lens followed by a pair of metasurfaces. Moreover, we demonstrate the working bandwidth of the hybrid lens can be further extended by reducing phase dispersion introduced by a metasurface using holey meta-atoms instead of pillar meta-atoms.
Photonic integrated interferometric imaging based on main and auxiliary nested microlens arrays
Authors: Yong Jiawei , Feng Zhejun , Wu Zengyan , Ye Shubing , Li Mengyuan , Wu Jin , Cao Changqing
Published: July 2022

The traditional microlens array imager lacks content information and has low imaging quality when restoring the image of the target, which limits the development of photon integrated detection and imaging technology. Therefore, this paper proposes a new structure of the microlens array optical frequency detection imager, wherein the main microlens array is embedded into the auxiliary microlens array to achieve high-quality restoration of the target. The simulation results show that the proposed structure increased the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the restored image by 21.05% and reduced the mean square error (MSE) by 29.39%. The microlens array with the main and auxiliary nested structure can achieve high-quality imaging of the target and has great application potential in the field of target detection.
Fiber-bundle-based 2D Raman and Rayleigh imaging for major species and temperature measurement in laminar flames
Authors: Yu Tao , Yang Chaobo , Sharma Priybrat , AlRamadan Abdullah S. , Magnotti Gaetano
Published: July 2022

In this Letter, we introduce a novel fiber-bundle-based 2D Raman and Rayleigh imaging system for 2D measurements of major species mole fractions and temperature in flames. A cascade of dichroic mirrors and bandpass filters separate the Raman signal associated with each major species and direct it to a custom-built four-inputs/one-output fiber bundle. The single output of the fiber bundle allows simultaneous detection of four species by using a single back-illuminated CCD camera. The novel imaging system combined with a pulse-burst laser operated at 10 kHz and a 10 kHz optical shutter is characterized from measurements in a Mckenna burner and then applied to a flame stabilized over a Santoro burner. The work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of 2D measurements of temperature and major species (i.e., N2, O2, H2, and H2O) in H2–air diffusion flames at atmospheric pressure.
Inverse folding based pre-training for the reliable identification of intrinsic transcription terminators
Authors: Brandenburg Vivian B. , Narberhaus Franz , Mosig Axel
Published: July 2022

It is well-established that neural networks can predict or identify structural motifs of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Yet, the neural network based identification of RNA structural motifs is limited by the availability of training data that are often insufficient for learning features of specific ncRNA families or structural motifs. Aiming to reliably identify intrinsic transcription terminators in bacteria, we introduce a novel pre-training approach that uses inverse folding to generate training data for predicting or identifying a specific family or structural motif of ncRNA. We assess the ability of neural networks to identify secondary structure by systematic in silico mutagenesis experiments. In a study to identify intrinsic transcription terminators as functionally well-understood RNA structural motifs, our inverse folding based pre-training approach significantly boosts the performance of neural network topologies, which outperform previous approaches to identify intrinsic transcription terminators. Inverse-folding based pre-training provides a simple, yet highly effective way to integrate the well-established thermodynamic energy model into deep neural networks for identifying ncRNA families or motifs. The pre-training technique is broadly applicable to a range of network topologies as well as different types of ncRNA families and motifs.
Hemodynamic and analgesic effect of intrathecal fentanyl with bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section; a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ebrie Ayub Mohammed , Woldeyohanis Misrak , Abafita Bedru Jemal , Ali Siraj Ahmed , Zemedkun Abebayehu , Yimer Yusuf , Ashebir Zewetir , Mohammed Salih
Published: July 2022

Background

Spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine has side effects such as hypotension, respiratory depression, vomiting, and shivering. The side effects are dose-dependent, therefore different approaches have been attempted to avoid spinal-induced complications including lowering the dose of local anesthetic and mixing it with additives like Neuraxial opioids.

Objective

To compare the Hemodynamic and analgesic effects of intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with low and conventional doses of bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Methodology

An institutional-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 90 patients. Data was collected with chart review, intraoperative observation, and postoperatively patient interview. Data was entered into EPI INFO and transport to SPSS version 23 for analysis of variables using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H rank test, and chi-square.

Result

Hypotension but not bradycardia, was significantly frequent in a conventional dose of bupivacaine alone (CB) group and a conventional dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (CBF) groups than that of the lower dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (LBF) groups. Duration of analgesia was significantly longer in LBF (248± 35.6 minutes) and in CBF groups (260.3±40.3 minutes) than in CB group (167.10 ± 31.45 minutes). Time for the first analgesic request was significantly later in LBF (304±47.8 minutes) and CBF (294.6±99.5 minutes) groups than that in CB group (177±25.88 minutes).

Conclusion

The Lower dose of bupivacaine is associated with less risk of hypotension and faster recovery. Adding fentanyl with the lower dose of bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section could provide comparable anesthesia with the lower risk of hypotension and longer postoperative analgesia.
Diabetic health literacy and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients on follow up at public hospitals, Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Mogessie Hailye Mamo , Gebeyehu Mulugeta Adugnew , Kenbaw Mitaw Girma , Tadesse Tesfaye Assefa
Published: July 2022

Objective

This study was aimed to assess diabetic health literacy and associated factors among adult diabetic patients in public hospitals, Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 diabetic patients in three public hospitals and the samples were selected using simple random sampling technique. The comprehensive functional, communicative, and critical health literacy questionnaire was used to measure diabetic health literacy. Descriptive statistics and Ordinary logistic regression analyses were conducted, and a P-value of < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant.

Result

A total of 402 diabetic patients were involved in the study. Of all respondents, 41.8%, 27.9%, and 30.3% had low, moderate, and high diabetic health literacy respectively. Educational status; can’t read and write (AOR = 0.085;95% CI: 0.03,0.26), can read and write (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.04,0.30), primary school (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.09,0.67), secondary school (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.14,0.99), duration of onset ≤5 years (AOR = 2.05; 95% CI:1.09,4.19), being not member of DM association (AOR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.26,0.73), having ≤ 3 diabetes mellitus information sources (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03,0.77), social support; poor (AOR = 0.40;95% CI: 0.21,0.79), and moderate (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28,0.92) were significantly associated with diabetic health literacy.

Conclusion

A substantial number of diabetic patients had low diabetic health literacy. Educational status, Sources of diabetic information, Member of DM association, and social support were significantly and positively associated with diabetic health literacy. But, duration of diabetes onset was negatively associated with diabetic health literacy of respondents. So, we recommend providing readable and picturized printed materials, and diabetic patient education to be considered.
An empirical data analysis of “price runs” in daily financial indices: Dynamically assessing market geometric distributional behavior
Authors: Olivares-Sánchez Héctor Raúl , Rodríguez-Martínez Carlos Manuel , Coronel-Brizio Héctor Francisco , Scalas Enrico , Seligman Thomas Henry , Hernández-Montoya Alejandro Raúl
Published: July 2022

In financial time series there are time periods in which market indices values or assets prices increase or decrease monotonically. We call those events “price runs”, “elementary uninterrupted trends” or just “uninterrupted trends”. In this paper we study the distribution of the duration of uninterrupted trends for the daily indices DJIA, NASDAQ, IPC and Nikkei 225 during the period of time from 10/30/1978 to 08/07/2020 and we compare the simple geometric statistical model with p = 1 2 consistent with the EMH to the empirical data. By a fitting procedure, it is found that the geometric distribution with parameter p = 1 2 provides a good model for uninterrupted trends of short and medium duration for the more mature markets; however, longest duration events still need to be statistically characterized. Estimated values of the parameter p were also obtained and confirmed by calculating the mean value of p fluctuations from empirical data. Additionally, the observed trend duration distributions for the different studied markets are compared over time by means of the Anderson-Darling (AD) test, to the expected geometric distribution with parameter p = 1 2 and to a geometric distribution with a free parameter p, making possible to assess and compare different market geometric behavior for different dates as well as to measure the fraction of time runs duration from studied markets are consistent with the geometric distribution with p = 1 2 and in parametric free way.
Amputation-specific and generic correlates of participation among Veterans with lower limb amputation
Authors: Erbes Christopher R. , Ferguson John , Yang Kalia , Koehler-McNicholas Sara , Polusny Melissa A. , Hafner Brian J. , Heinemann Allen W. , Hill Jessica , Rich Tonya , Walker Nicole , Weber Marilyn , Hansen Andrew
Published: July 2022

Participation in valued interpersonal and community activities is a key component of rehabilitation for Veterans with amputation. The purpose of this study was to identify specific factors that promote or inhibit participation to inform development of interventions that may facilitate participation in desired life activities. A convenience sample of 408 Veterans with at least one lower limb amputation and who had received outpatient care from the Regional Amputation Center (RAC) completed a mailed survey. Participation was measured using the Community Participation Indicators (CPI) Importance, Control, and Frequency scales and the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Satisfaction with Social Participation scales. Multiple imputation procedures were used to address missing data. Correlates of participation were examined through multiple linear regression. A total of 235 participants completed the survey, a response rate of 58%. Levels of participation, measured with the PROMIS instruments, were 43.2 (SD = 8.1) for Ability and 46.4 (SD = 8.6) for Satisfaction. Regression analyses found robust amputation-specific correlates for participation, including body image and balance confidence. Generic (non-amputation specific) correlates for participation included depression and pain interference. Development of treatment approaches and devices that can address body image, balance confidence, pain, and mental health concerns such as depression have the potential to enhance the participation and rehabilitation of Veterans with lower limb amputation.
Interaction of immune checkpoint PD-1 and chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) promotes a malignant phenotype in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Harper Megan M. , Lin Miranda , Cavnar Michael J. , Pandalai Prakash K. , Patel Reema A. , Gao Mei , Kim Joseph
Published: July 2022

Despite recent therapeutic advances, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a devastating disease with limited therapeutic options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promising results in many cancers, but thus far have yielded little clinical benefit in PDAC. Based on recent combined targeting of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and a pilot clinical trial, we sought to elucidate potential interactions between PD-1 and CXCR4. We observed concomitant expression and direct interaction of PD-1 and CXCR4 in PDAC cells. This interaction was disrupted upon CXCR4 antagonism with AMD3100 and led to increased cell surface expression of PD-1. Importantly, CXCR4-mediated PDAC cell migration was also blocked by PD-1 inhibition. Our work provides a possible mechanism by which prior studies have demonstrated that combined CXCR4 and PD-1 inhibition leads to decreased tumor growth. This is the first report investigating PD-1 and CXCR4 interactions in PDAC cells and our results can serve as the basis for further investigation of combined therapeutic targeting of CXCR4 and PD-1.
LiveCellMiner: A new tool to analyze mitotic progression
Authors: Moreno-Andrés Daniel , Bhattacharyya Anuk , Scheufen Anja , Stegmaier Johannes
Published: July 2022

Live-cell imaging has become state of the art to accurately identify the nature of mitotic and cell cycle defects. Low- and high-throughput microscopy setups have yield huge data amounts of cells recorded in different experimental and pathological conditions. Tailored semi-automated and automated image analysis approaches allow the analysis of high-content screening data sets, saving time and avoiding bias. However, they were mostly designed for very specific experimental setups, which restricts their flexibility and usability. The general need for dedicated experiment-specific user-annotated training sets and experiment-specific user-defined segmentation parameters remains a major bottleneck for fully automating the analysis process. In this work we present LiveCellMiner, a highly flexible open-source software tool to automatically extract, analyze and visualize both aggregated and time-resolved image features with potential biological relevance. The software tool allows analysis across high-content data sets obtained in different platforms, in a quantitative and unbiased manner. As proof of principle application, we analyze here the dynamic chromatin and tubulin cytoskeleton features in human cells passing through mitosis highlighting the versatile and flexible potential of this tool set.
Dynamic response of pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment under multi-lane vehicle load
Authors: He Zhongming , Wang Panpan , Gong Weidi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to reveal the response of multi Lane pre disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment under vehicle dynamic load. In this paper, the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone samples whose fractal dimension meets the requirements are obtained through the indoor disintegration test of carbonaceous mudstone. Geotechnical basic tests such as particle analysis experiments, compaction tests, and direct shear tests were carried out on the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone samples, and the physical and mechanical parameters of the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone were obtained. On this basis, a two-way 4-lane pre-disintegration carbonaceous mudstone embankment model of the expressway was established by ABAQUS numerical software. Three different working conditions are set up to study the dynamic response of multi-lane pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment under vehicle load. The results show that the stress change trend on the surface of the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment without vehicles is the same as that on the side with vehicles. Under this condition, the vertical displacement of the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment surface can be as high as 4.33mm, and the vertical displacement change of the embankment in the 0–0.6s phase is basically the same as the stress amplitude distribution. When a traffic jam occurs on one side, the maximum increase in vertical stress on the surface of the embankment on the normal driving side is about 170 kPa compared to condition one, and the vertical displacement at each depth of the embankment has been significantly increased. When a traffic jam occurs on one side, it can significantly increase the vertical stress on the surface of the pre-disintegrated carbonaceous mudstone embankment in this lane. The middle part of the stress time curve of monitoring points 3 and 4 in working condition three is more stable and significant than in working condition one, and the maximum vertical displacement is increased by about 1.70mm. The research results can reference the stability analysis of carbonaceous mudstone embankments and engineering practice.
Cardiorespiratory fitness status of elite handball referees in Hungary
Authors: Babity Máté , Zámodics Márk , Lakatos Bálint K. , Rákóczi Réka , König Albert , Menyhárt-Hetényi Anna , Fábián Alexandra , Kiss Anna , Tokodi Márton , Kovács Attila , Vágó Hajnalka , Merkely Béla , Kiss Orsolya
Published: July 2022

In various team sports, such as handball, referees work on the court by continuously moving with the players. Therefore, their physical fitness also has an impact on their reaction time, which could affect their professional decisions. The cardiorespiratory fitness status of healthy Hungarian elite handball referees was examined via body composition analysis and vita maxima cardiopulmonary exercise testing with lactate measurements. One hundred referees were examined (age: 29.0 ± 7.9 years; male: 64.0%; training: 4.3 ± 2.0 hours/week; ratio of former elite handball players: 39.0%; 51.0% first and 49.0% second division referees of the Hungarian National Handball Leagues). A resting heart rate (HR) of 79.0 ± 12.6 BPM was measured. On the basis of the body composition analysis the fat-free mass index proved to be 19.9 ± 2.6 kg/m2. The referees achieved a maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) of 44.6 ± 6.1 ml/kg/min, with a maximal HR of 187.2 ± 11.1 BPM (which was 98.1 ± 4.6% of their calculated maximal HR) and a peak lactate of 9.2 ± 3.2 mmol/l at 557.1 ± 168.3 sec on our continuous speed, increasing slope treadmill protocol. Second division referees were younger, on a weekly average they trained more, achieved higher treadmill exercise time (respectively, 463.8 ± 131.9 vs 658.4 ± 143.9 sec, p < 0.001) and anaerobic threshold time (respectively, 265.8 ± 100.9 vs 348.2 ± 117.1 sec, p < 0.001), while the two different divisional referees had similar V̇O2max values. Regarding our physical fitness measurements, huge individual differences were observed between the referees (exercise time range: 259.0–939.0 sec, V̇O2max range: 25.3–62.4 ml/kg/min). Since it can affect their performance as referees, individual training planning, regular physical fitness measurements, and strict selection methods are suggested.
Simplifying MS1 and MS2 spectra to achieve lower mass error, more dynamic range, and higher peptide identification confidence on the Bruker timsTOF Pro
Authors: Wilding-McBride Daryl , Dagley Laura F. , Spall Sukhdeep K. , Infusini Giuseppe , Webb Andrew I.
Published: July 2022

For bottom-up proteomic analysis, the goal of analytical pipelines that process the raw output of mass spectrometers is to detect, characterise, identify, and quantify peptides. The initial steps of detecting and characterising features in raw data must overcome some considerable challenges. The data presents as a sparse array, sometimes containing billions of intensity readings over time. These points represent both signal and chemical or electrical noise. Depending on the biological sample’s complexity, tens to hundreds of thousands of peptides may be present in this vast data landscape. For ion mobility-based LC-MS analysis, each peptide is comprised of a grouping of hundreds of single intensity readings in three dimensions: mass-over-charge (m/z), mobility, and retention time. There is no inherent information about any associations between individual points; whether they represent a peptide or noise must be inferred from their structure. Peptides each have multiple isotopes, different charge states, and a dynamic range of intensity of over six orders of magnitude. Due to the high complexity of most biological samples, peptides often overlap in time and mobility, making it very difficult to tease apart isotopic peaks, to apportion the intensity of each and the contribution of each isotope to the determination of the peptide’s monoisotopic mass, which is critical for the peptide’s identification. Here we describe four algorithms for the Bruker timsTOF Pro that each play an important role in finding peptide features and determining their characteristics. These algorithms focus on separate characteristics that determine how candidate features are detected in the raw data. The first two algorithms deal with the complexity of the raw data, rapidly clustering raw data into spectra that allows isotopic peaks to be resolved. The third algorithm compensates for saturation of the instrument’s detector thereby recovering lost dynamic range, and lastly, the fourth algorithm increases confidence of peptide identifications by simplification of the fragment spectra. These algorithms are effective in processing raw data to detect features and extracting the attributes required for peptide identification, and make an important contribution to an analytical pipeline by detecting features that are higher quality and better segmented from other peptides in close proximity. The software has been developed in Python using Numpy and Pandas and made freely available with an open-source MIT license to facilitate experimentation and further improvement (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6513126). Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD030706.
A validation of newly developed weight estimating tape for Korean pediatric patients
Authors: Choi Sungwoo , Nah Sangun , Kim Sumin , Seong Eun O. , Kim So Hyun , Han Sangsoo
Published: July 2022

Pediatric drug dosages are based on body weight, so accurate measurement thereof is essential. However, this is not possible in emergencies. When using weight-estimating tapes, World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts serve as reference weights; however, local growth charts might be more accurate. This study developed a tape based on 2017 Korean National Growth Charts, which are more suitable for the Korean population than WHO growth charts, and evaluated its performance in a Korean pediatric population. This prospective cross-sectional study analyzed 792 pediatric patients who had visited the emergency department from June 2021 to December 2021. Weights were estimated using the Broselow tape (BT), Pediatric Advanced Weight Prediction in the Emergency Room XL (PAWPER XL), and Body Habitus-based Pediatric Emergency Tape (BHPET). The performance and measurement agreement of the tapes were analyzed. Among the tapes, the BHPET had the smallest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), of 10.23%, and a root mean square percentage error (RMSPE) of 14.14%. Also, the percentage of weight estimations within 10% of the actual weight (PW10) was 59.6%, indicating better accuracy than the BT and PAWPER XL in all age groups. The intraclass correlation coefficients of the BT, PAWPER XL, and BHPET were 0.931, 0.977, and 0.985, respectively (p < 0.001). The performance and accuracy of the BHPET was similar or slightly superior to that of the other tapes. The body weight estimated using the BHPET for a local pediatric population was sufficiently correlated with the actual body weight.
Quantitative CT lung densitometry as an obstructive marker for the diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans in children
Authors: Lee Hye Jin , Kim Seong Koo , Lee Jae Wook , Im Soo Ah , Chung Nack-Gyun , Cho Bin
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quantitative diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) densitometry in pediatric patients with bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). We measured the mean lung density (MLD) and represented the difference of MLD in inspiratory and expiratory phases (MLDD), the ratio of the MLD (E/I MLD), and the relative volume percentage of lung density at 50-Hounsfield unit (HU) interval threshold (E600 to E950). We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the lung density indices for the diagnosis of BO. A total of 81 patients, including 51 patients with BO and 30 controls, were included in this study. In the BO patients, expiratory (EXP) MLD and MLDD were significantly lower, and E/I MLD and expiratory low attenuation areas below the threshold of −850 HU to −950 HU (E850, E900, and E950) were statistically significantly higher than controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MLDD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.98, p < .001), E/I MLD (OR = 1.39, p < .001), and E850 to E950 were significant densitometry parameters for BO diagnosis. In a receiver-operating characteristic analysis, E900 (cutoff, 1.4%; AUC = 0.920), E/I MLD (cutoff, 0.87; AUC = 0.887), and MLDD (cutoff, 109 HU; AUC = 0.867) showed high accuracy for the diagnosis of BO. In conclusion, the lung CT densitometry can serve as a quantitative marker providing additional indications of expiratory airflow limitation in pediatric patients with BO.
Emerging biology of noncoding RNAs in malaria parasites
Authors: Simantov Karina , Goyal Manish , Dzikowski Ron
Published: July 2022

In eukaryotic organisms, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been implicated as important regulators of multifaceted biological processes, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In recent years, it is becoming clear that protozoan parasites encode diverse ncRNA transcripts; however, little is known about their cellular functions. Recent advances in high-throughput “omic” studies identified many novel long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) in apicomplexan parasites, some of which undergo splicing, polyadenylation, and encode small proteins. To date, only a few of them are characterized, leaving a big gap in our understanding regarding their origin, mode of action, and functions in parasite biology. In this review, we focus on lncRNAs of the human malaria parasitePlasmodium falciparumand highlight their cellular functions and possible mechanisms of action.
Interaction between endogenous microRNAs and virus-derived small RNAs controls viral replication in insect vectors
Authors: Zhao Wan , Li Qiong , Sun Mengqi , Xiao Yan , Cui Feng
Published: July 2022

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in resisting virus infection in insects. Viruses are recognized by insect RNA interference systems, which generate virus-derived small RNAs (vsRNAs). To date, it is unclear whether viruses employ vsRNAs to regulate the expression of endogenous miRNAs. We previously found that miR-263a facilitated the proliferation of rice stripe virus (RSV) in the insect vector small brown planthopper. However, miR-263a was significantly downregulated by RSV. Here, we deciphered the regulatory mechanisms of RSV on miR-263a expression. The promoter region of miR-263a was characterized, and the transcription factor YY1 was found to negatively regulate the transcription of miR-263a. The nucleocapsid protein of RSV promoted the inhibitory effect of YY1 on miR-263a transcription by reducing the binding ability of RNA polymerase II to the promoter of miR-263a. Moreover, an RSV-derived small RNA, vsR-3397, downregulated miR-263a transcription by directly targeting the promoter region with partial sequence complementarity. The reduction in miR-263a suppressed RSV replication and was beneficial for maintaining a tolerable accumulation level of RSV in insect vectors. This dual regulation mechanism reflects an ingenious adaptation strategy of viruses to their insect vectors.
Artes incoherentes y cut out en los pioneros de la animación
Authors: Salas González Carlos
Published: July 2022

Las Artes Incoherentes fue un movimiento artístico de vanguardia avant la lettre surgido en Francia en 1882. Precisamente el hecho de que fuese un adelantado a su tiempo hizo que su existencia resultase fugaz. No obstante, movimientos muy posteriores como el dadaísmo o el surrealismo tuvieron en las Artes Incoherentes un claro precursor. Uno de sus máximos exponentes fue Émile Cohl, artista polifacético que dos décadas después se convertiría en el principal pionero de la animación en Europa. Por otra parte, el cut out ha sido históricamente una de las técnicas de animación más utilizadas, estando presente ya en algunos filmes de los pioneros. Analizar el papel de dicha técnica y la huella de las Artes Incoherentes en dos películas concretas –Une excursion incohérente (Segundo de Chomón, 1909) y Le peintre neo-impressionniste (Émile Cohl, 1910)– es el principal objetivo de este estudio.
Museo del Prado en la formación de las pintoras navarras a través de los libros, registros e índices de copistas
Authors: Azanza López José Javier
Published: July 2022

Este artículo aborda la labor como copistas que llevaron a cabo las pintoras navarras en el Museo de Prado durante su etapa formativa, a partir de la documentación conservada en la pinacoteca madrileña. Pretende con ello aportar algunas claves de la importancia de la copia en su aprendizaje artístico y en su posterior trayectoria profesional, y contribuir a su vez al estudio histórico de los copistas del Prado, atendiendo a su género y procedencia geográfica.
Duchenne smiles are actions not mere happenings: lessons from the debate on expressive action
Authors: Cabrera Marta
Published: July 2022

In this paper, I will argue that, contrary to what is generally assumed in the debate on expressive action, we do not have good reasons to exclude facial and bodily expressions of emotion such as smiling or frowning from the category of actions. For this purpose, I will compare facial and bodily expressions of emotion with simple expressive actions, such as jumping for joy or covering one’s face in shame. I will try to show that simple expressive actions cannot be presented as actions while excluding facial and bodily expressions of emotion from this condition. My contention will then be that either both sorts of behaviour are to be identified as actions or neither is. The latter sounds rather implausible, though, as we would have to assimilate jumping for joy or covering one’s face in shame to spasms, which conflicts with the way we relate to such behaviours. My conclusion will then be that both simple expressive actions and facial and bodily expressions of emotion should be included within the category of actions, at least on the basis of the main assumptions in the current debate on expressive action.
On Сommercial Names Forming a Single Semantic Construction in Forensic Linguistic Examination
Authors: Novichihina Marina
Published: July 2022

The work discusses the problem of forensic linguistic examination of a trademark, as well as the search for ways to optimize this procedure. Unresolved issues arising during the examination of a trademark are discussed. It is shown that one of the most difficult cases of such expertise is the analysis of similarity to the extent of mixing one-word trademarks and compound ones. A complicating factor in the study of such naming units is the ability of a composite designation to form an integral structure (an integral combination). In practice, it is quite problematic to make a decision on the perception of a composite designation as a whole. That is why this article aims to find criteria on the basis of which an expert linguist could unambiguously identify a combination of words as a whole. For this purpose, the classification of a phrase according to the degree of connectivity of its components (division into syntactically free (articulate) and syntactically non-free (integral, non-articulate) combinations) is discussed and various approaches to understanding the integral composite designation are generalized. Special attention to phraseological units and synlexes as the main types of integral word combination is paid. The language markers of the word combination are discussed. In particular, it is shown that in order to formulate conclusions about the integrity of word combination, a positive answer to the question: "Does the meaning of the studied word combination look like a meaning of separate word?" is needed. Also negative answers to such questions as: "Do the words forming the studied combination retain an independent meaning?"; "Does each of the words bring meaningful information into understanding the general meaning of the combination?"; "Can the elements of the studied word combination be replaced by other elements?" are needed. Using the example of a specific linguistic expertise, the methodology for determining the linguistic markers of a whole word combination is demonstrated and thus specific ways of objectifying the results of linguistic expert examination of trademarks are proposed.
Consideraciones sobre los cuidados en enfermedades crónicas desde la determinación social de la salud
Authors: Angelini Carla
Published: July 2022

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles constituyen una cuestión de salud pública de relevancia, en la medida en que continúa acrecentándose su incidencia en todo el mundo. En este trabajo me propongo analizar este fenómeno en el escenario argentino desde la determinación social de la salud. Para ello, trabajaré desde el materialismo histórico para comprender las dimensiones estructurales de los procesos de salud-enfermedad-atención, haciendo hincapié en las imbricaciones entre género-clase-etnia/raza como entramado de poder; de esta manera, podremos reconocer las articulaciones dialécticas entre estructura y resistencia mediante la cual las personas con enfermedades crónicas van construyendo sus estrategias de cuidados en la vida cotidiana.
Edutainment Method Learning: Exploration of Variables and Implications on Children's Social Skills
Authors: Agustriana Nesna , Kurniah Nina , Alexon Alexon , Kusumah Raden Gamal Tamrin , Adiarti Wulan
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The study aims to explore the differences in social skills between children who used the edutainment method with the game and a multimedia approach. Cards and treatment are the value of social skills in children’s reports.Design/methods/approach – The experimental method was designed with a treatment design one-shot case study. The pretest score was taken from the report cards that the child had previously received. Social skill score outcomes were taken after the treatment was completed.Findings – The results showed no significant differences in the social skills of children who were given the game approach edutainment method with children who were given the multimedia approach edutainment method. However, the average difference in the game approach and multimedia approach scores only has a value of 1,37500, so the difference is insignificant. These two treatments differ significantly from the child’s report card scores. The game approach has a difference of 4.27536 and sig 0.011 < 0.05; for the multimedia approach, it has a difference of 3.79167 and sig 0.028 <0.05. So it can be concluded that the edutainment method has a positive influence.Research implications/limitations – The teacher must know the child’s social skills so that he can choose the proper method of learning. The teacher must pay attention to the relationship between the characteristics possessed by each child and the learning method to be used. The teacher can use the game edutainment method in learning.Practical implications – Social skills can be built from several factors. The influencing factor is edutainment learning. This learning allows children to interact with other children and be able to re-communicate the activities they have done.Originality/value – This research is updated to explore the variables affecting children’s social skills. The independent variable used is the edutainment learning method with two approaches, namely multimedia and games.

Paper type Research paper
RUMAH EDUKATIF SEBAGAI UPAYA RESILIENSI BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI DESA ROWOREJO, KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Ahmad Sofyan Fauzi  , M. Rosyid Irfan A
Published: July 2022

Education is a right that must be obtained by all humans without exception. In its implementation, education consists of various important elements such as teachers, students, parents, and facilitators in the field of education. However, in reality, the implementation of educational activities is often found obstacles that hinder the fulfillment of educational needs. During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic has become a major obstacle in implementing it. Another problem related to the implementation of educational activities is the uneven accessibility in several regions in Indonesia. One area that is currently experiencing these two obstacles is Roworejo Village, Kebumen Regency, Central Java. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this study will look for the right method for the Roworejo village community in stabilizing their education sector and implementing a solution in the form of "Educational Houses" for the continuity of educational activities in the village area.
PREVENTION OF INTOLERANCE THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC COMMUNICATION IN RELIGIOUS MODERATION
Authors: Mahfud Mokhammad , Ghofur Abdul , Musyafak Najahan
Published: July 2022

The cases of violence due to religious intolerance occurred in Indonesia. The problem of intolerance disturbs the nationhood and state. It should be handled as early as possible to prevent it from developing into radicalism, extremism, and terrorism. The article discusses the issue of intolerance in Indonesia, particularly in Yogyakarta, and emphasizes the need for the government and society to use Pancasila as a guideline to prevent intolerance. It advocates implementing Islamic communication in religious moderation as a step to counter intolerance. The integration between communication science and Islam is highlighted, focusing on principles of communication and da'wah in the Qur'an. The article cites verses from the Qur'an and quotes various scholars and experts to support its argument. This study used a qualitative descriptive method based on interviews, observations, and documentation results. This study was conducted to see how the prevention of intolerance through the application of Islamic communication as a basis for developing religious moderation in the Office of the Ministry of Religion of Sleman Regency works. The research results shows that the nine principles of Islamic communication are optimized to maintain religious moderation. The research also found that Islamic communication based on the principles of the Qur'an can be an effective tool to promote religious moderation and prevent intolerance in Indonesia. The integration of communication science and Islamic values is seen as essential in achieving harmony and peaceful coexistence among diverse communities.
Tissus urbains hétérogènes
Authors: Le Fort Barbara
Published: July 2022

Résumé. L’étude des tissus urbains hétérogènes à Bruxelles répond à différents enjeux et urgences. Premièrement, l’actualisation de la théorie de la morphologie urbaine, en abordant un objet trop peu étudié, celui de l’hétérogénéité urbaine. Ensuite, la construction d’une connaissance morphologique fine de cette hétérogénéité pour le cas de Bruxelles. L’angle d’approche particulier, associant les domaines théoriques de la morphologie urbaine et de la résilience et mettant ces derniers à l’épreuve du terrain, a permis de porter un regard nouveau sur les processus morphologiques des tissus urbains et d’ouvrir la réflexion sur leurs potentielles adaptations futures.

Abstract. The study of heterogeneous urban fabrics in Brussels engages with various challenges and needs. It updates the theory of urban morphology by tackling an under-studied object, that of urban heterogeneity, and constructs detailed morphological knowledge of this heterogeneity for the case of Brussels. An unusual approach associating the theoretical fields of urban morphology and resilience, by putting the latter to the test in the field, has made possible new perspectives on the urban fabrics’ morphological processes and broadening our understanding of their potential future adaptations.
Du standard passif à l’architecture météorologique
Authors: Outers Martin
Published: July 2022

Résumé. Ce texte, écrit initialement en 2015, s’appuie sur des projets de Philipe Rahm pour exposer les particularités de sa démarche de conception. Il pointe l’originalité de celle-ci au regard des préceptes véhiculés par le standard passif qui constituent, depuis, le socle de la nouvelle réglementation belge en matière de performance énergétique. Le présent article vise à analyser les motivations et contraintes inhérentes au standard passif et de montrer dans quelle mesure le concept d’architecture météorologique inventé par Philippe Rahm, les intègre et les dépasse.

Abstract. This text, originally written in 2015, is based on Philipe Rahm's projects and discusses the specifics of his design approach. It highlights the originality of this approach with regard to the precepts conveyed by the passive standard, which have since become the basis of new Belgian regulations on energy performance. This article analyses the motivations and constraints inherent to the passive standard and shows to what extent the concept of meteorological architecture invented by Philippe Rahm, integrates and exceeds them.
Editorial
Authors: Acuña Polo Fredys
Published: July 2022

Editorial #29
Border Municipalities of the Primorsky Krai: Condition and Development Prospects
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Roy Oleg
Published: July 2022

The article analyzed certain indicators of the socio-economic situation of border municipalities of the Primorsky Krai, the most characteristic problems and factors of their socio-economic development in modern conditions are determined. Based on the analysis of the spatial development of the Primorsky Krai, the resettlement scheme was revealed and the main levels (belts) of resettlement are indicated, the place of border municipalities in this scheme is determined; criteria for assessing the socio-economic conditions for the development of border municipalities are proposed, taking into account their classification: municipalities with a relatively stable structure of the economy; municipalities with high indicators of economic activity, but with low volumes of investment in fixed assets, average values of indicators of the standard of living of the population and business activity; the most problematic border municipalities. A polycentric model for the development of cross-border cooperation has been proposed, the centers of which can become border municipalities of three groups allocated above; the prospects for the development of border municipalities in the conditions of municipal reform were considered and the possibility of introducing a single-level model of local self-government in the Primorsky Krai was evaluated; the priority directions of socio-economic development of border municipalities of the region in the long term have been identified
Foreign Trade of Russia and Its Far East with ASEAN: Comparative Analysis of Dynamics and Structure
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Dyomina Yana
Published: July 2022

The author analyzes the dynamics and structure of foreign trade of Russia and its Far East with member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. The Association isn’t a key economic partner of the Russian Federation or Far East, on average, for the period from 2012 to 2021, ASEAN share in the total turnover of the Far East did not exceed 2%, in Russia’s – 3%. The study also showed that both Russian and Far Eastern exports mostly consisted of fuel and ferrous metals. A more diversified exports structure was characteristic at the beginning and middle of the study period for Vietnam and Indonesia. Supplies of high-tech products (airplanes, helicopters, ships, weapons and ammunition, optical devices, etc.) were provided mainly through state military contracts. At the same time, Russian import was more technologically complex than the Far Eastern one, with prevailing of electrical machinery and equipment. In general, imports from ASEAN were dominated by household and office equipment, appliances, cell phones, food products, rubber, ships. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, in 2021 Russia has begun to export vaccines («Sputnik V» and «Sputnik Light»), but this phenomenon is temporary and cannot radically change the commodity structure of supplies. In order to «refine» both Russian and Far Eastern exports, it is necessary to take into account ASEAN states programs for «green» technologies; however, this is a long-term goal