bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An account of the conditions of Faroese individuals with a mental illness from the early 1800s to the late 1960s
Authors: Hall Elisabeth O.C. , Mortensen Jana , Joensen Annemi Lund , Dietz Susanne Malchau
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a historic narrative of conditions for Faroese individuals with a mental illness from the early 1800s to 1969. The year 1969 was a landmark, as the Faroe Islands, an archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, finally established its own psychiatric ward led by a psychiatrist in collaboration with nurses and other healthcare providers. The narrative presents accounts of life in the Faroe Islands, as well as transportation to and life in asylums abroad. It is contextualised within international conventions on human rights and discussed through the lenses of ethical, nursing and mental healthcare theories. The conclusion emphasises the importance of recognising the unique history of mental health care in the Faroe Island underscoring the continued need to respect the human rights of individuals suffering from mental illnesses.
Úrtak
Hendan grein er ein søguliga frásøgn um støðuna hjá sinnisjúkum í Føroym frá tíðliga í 1800-talinum og fram til 1969. Hetta árið var ein marknasteinur í Føroyum, tí tá bleiv fyrsta sinnissjúkrahúsið tikið í brúk undir leiðslu av einum psykiatara, og við sjúkrarøktarfrøðingum og øðrum heilsustarvsfólki í starvi. Frásøgnin lýsir støðuna hjá sinnissjúkum, meðan tey vóru í Føroyum, hvussu tey vórðu flutt av landinum, og lívið hjá teimum uttanlands. Teirra støða verður greinað við støði í altjóða menniskjarættindasáttmálum, ástøði um siðfrøði, líðing, sosial viðurskifti og sjúkrarøkt til sinnissjúk. Í niðurstøðuni verður áherðsla løgd á týdningin av at viðurkenna serligu søguna hjá sinnissjúkum í Føroyum. Dentur verður eisini lagdur á týdningin av áhaldandi virðing fyri menniskjarættindunum hjá teimum, sum hava sálarsjúku.
JUNIOR COMPANIES: CELLS THAT PROMOTE THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF SÃO LUÍS - MA
Authors: Santos Silva Paulo Henrique , Moura Silva Marcos
Published: December 2024

Objective: To analyze the role of entrepreneurship in the professional development of students belonging to Junior Companies (JCs) of the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in São Luís. Methodology: Quali-quanti approach applied to an online assessment that targeted the members of the 15 federated JCs of the capital. This is an exploratory research that intends to show elements of reality, quantify them and qualify the aspects described by the participants. Results: Data collected reveal that entrepreneurship enhances market characteristics in university students by contributing to human development and organizational growth; besides, the JCs work as the underlying basis for the manifestation of entrepreneurial skills that affect the academic and professional life of the members of the JCs. Theoretical/ Methodological contributions: this research introduced a quali-quanti approach completely immersed in the universe of entrepreneurship and junior companies, adapted to the reality of the various members of the participating companies. Relevance/Originality: Since there is a lack of studies on entrepreneurship in academic centers and JCs, this study contributes to the representativeness of this phenomenon in the development of university students. It promotes the development of the studies on the subject and raises knowledge about it in order to contribute to scientific progress, especially by portraying the reality the reality of São Luís, which is still experiencing a timid entrepreneurial evolution. Social contributions: This article can guide other researchers through the theme and through the approach since it works as a basis for future studies by elaborating ideas from the literature investigated.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN MACHINERY MAINTENANCE IN A LOOM CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
Authors: SOUZA FELIPE , ALVES ROCHA ARIANA , OLIVEIRA SOUSA MAYARA , APARECIDO CELESTINO LOPES WILLIAM
Published: December 2024

The management of maintenance information in a loom manufacturing company presents significant challenges. After technical analysis, the need to enhance the record-keeping of CNC machine maintenance was identified, aiming to improve efficiency and communication among the involved departments. Based on the Design Science Research (DSR) approach, the study proposed the creation of an application, with the collaboration of company experts, to identify four main needs: access to occurrences, problem description, record of improvement activities, and cloud storage. The implementation of the application resulted in significant improvements, including clearer information, reduced machine downtime, and better maintenance planning. This digital transformation proved to be an effective strategy to optimize processes and increase operational efficiency within the company, highlighting the importance of integrating technologies to overcome challenges in the industry.
Actividad de un bioestimulante en la tasa fotosintética y contenido de clorofila de Ocimum basilicum L. sometida a estrés por NaCl
Authors: Batista-Sánchez Daulemys , Murillo Amador Bernardo , Ojeda-Silvera Carlos Michel , Nieto-Garibay Alejandra , Mazón-Suástegui José Manuel , López-Corona Betzabé
Published: December 2024

Las sustancias promotoras de crecimiento mejoran mecanismos fisiológicos en las plantas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del FitoMas-E® en el contenido de clorofilas y la tasa fotosintética de plantas de albahaca cultivadas en un sistema hidropónico en condiciones salinas. Para esto se estudiaron tres variedades de albahaca (Napoletano, Nufar y Emily) las variables evaluadas fueron la clorofila a, clorofila total, a los 20, 40 y 60 días posteriores al trasplante (DPT) y la tasa fotosintética (TF) a los 14, 21,45 y 60 DPT. El estudio se realizó bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial de 24 tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Donde el factor A fueron las variedades, el factor B las concentraciones de NaCl (0, 50, 100 y 150 mM) y el factor C, las dosis de FitoMas-E® (0 y 0.5 mL L-1). Las variables evaluadas disminuyeron al incrementar la concentración de NaCl en las tres variedades, mientras que la aplicación foliar del bioestimulante aumentó la TF, cuando el contenido de NaCl fue severo (100 y 150 mM). Una respuesta similar a la TF se encontró para el contenido de pigmentos. Los resultados confirman que el FitoMas-E® es un producto que estimula la concentración de clorofilas, e incremento de la tasa fotosintética, lo que coadyuva a mitigar los efectos nocivos de la salinidad (NaCl) en albahaca.
Głębokie składowiska długożyciowych, wysokoaktywnych odpadów radioaktywnych z uwzględnieniem roli minerałów ilastych
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Przelaskowska Anna , Łykowska Grażyna ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: December 2024

W związku z planami rozwoju energetyki jądrowej w Polsce istotnym zagadnieniem staje się problem składowania odpadów promieniotwórczych. Najbezpieczniejszą opcją dla długożyciowych odpadów wysokoaktywnych, do jakich zalicza się wypalone paliwo jądrowe, są składowiska zlokalizowane w głębokich strukturach geologicznych. System głębokiego składowania odpadów promieniotwórczych, gwarantujący długotrwałe bezpieczeństwo, jest oparty na koncepcji wielobarierowej, obejmującej bariery naturalne, jakimi są różne ośrodki skalne, oraz bariery inżynierskie. Skały i minerały ilaste mogą pełnić dwojaką funkcję w składowaniu odpadów promieniotwórczych. Formacje ilaste stanowią naturalne bariery ochronne, w tej roli wykorzystywane są np. we Francji formacje ilaste Callovo-Oxfordian i w Szwajcarii formacje Opalinus Clay. Z drugiej strony skały ilaste o dużych właściwościach pęczniejących, takie jak bentonity, wchodzą w skład geotechnicznych systemów barier (ang. engineered barrier systems, EBS). Wykorzystanie bentonitów w roli bufora w składowiskach odpadów promieniotwórczych jest związane z właściwościami takimi jak: dominacja transportu dyfuzyjnego i niska przepuszczalność, wysokie zdolności absorpcyjne i dobre właściwości pęczniejące, umożliwiające samouszczelnienie. W pracy dokonano przeglądu istniejących i planowanych głębokich składowisk odpadów wysokoaktywnych na świecie. Przykładem takiego składowiska jest obiekt w szwedzkim Forsmark, zaprojektowany z wykorzystaniem metody KBS-3. W metodzie tej wypalone paliwo jądrowe składowane jest najpierw przez 30 lat w składowisku pośrednim, a następnie zostaje umieszczone w miedzianych kapsułach z żeliwnym wkładem. Kapsuły są otoczone warstwą buforu bentonitowego o grubości 2 m i składowane na głębokości około 500 m w granitowych skałach. Bufor bentonitowy odgrywa kluczową rolę w zapewnieniu podstawowych funkcji bezpieczeństwa, czyli ograniczenia (całkowita izolacja odpadów) i opóźnienia (zmniejszenie tempa migracji radionuklidów w razie niepowodzenia izolacji, np. rozszczelnienia kapsuł). W pracy przedstawiono różne funkcje bezpieczeństwa zapewniane przez minerały ilaste, a także metody badawcze stosowane w analizach iłów wykorzystywanych w składowiskach odpadów promieniotwórczych. Wieloletnie, szeroko zakrojone badania dotyczące zarówno lokalizacji składowiska, jak i roli barier geotechnicznych mających sprawować funkcję ochronną przed ewentualnymi zagrożeniami są niezbędne ze względu na konieczność zabezpieczenia odpadów na bardzo długi czas bez ingerencji człowieka.
Enhancing the efficiency of well milling devices and cleaning wells from milled objects by implementing cavitation in the milling zone
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Mustafayev Amir G. , Ismayilov Mahmud A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Salimli Mirkamran M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Nasirov Chingiz R. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: December 2024

Technological leadership on a global scale is closely linked to advancements in novel technologies and materials. Increasing the operating temperature of composite materials is a critical objective in the development of innovative materials and products derived from them. Advances in technology have demonstrated that extensive alloying, combined with optimal heat treatment and advanced material processing methods, enhances their heat resistance. High-temperature materials based on composites with an elevated temperature threshold fulfill this requirement. In the current stage of oil and gas industry development, methods to increase oil and gas production include the introduction of effective technological processes aimed at enhancing oil recovery, maintaining production wells, and implementing preventive measures. Particularly important are efforts to accelerate emergency maintenance of production and drilling wells. In this context, the introduction of new, highly efficient repair equipment designs and the improvement of existing tools and devices used in the field play a crucial role. The primary well maintenance activities include fishing and milling. Tools and devices used in these operations are classified into gripping, cutting, and auxiliary categories. One of the most versatile tools in well repair are cutting devices, designed for continuous milling of pipes, preparing the deformed ends of emergency pipes for fishing, opening casings, and cutting out drilling columns. Restoring damaged wells by milling is one of the most complex types of repairs. The productivity of wellbore milling is characterized by the life of the tool, the rate of metal penetration, and durability.
FREKVENCIJA UPOTREBE ĆIRILICE I LATINICE MEĐU SREDNJOŠKOLCIMA U NOVOM SADU
Authors: Stepanov Maja
Published: December 2024

Upotreba ćiriličnog i latiničnog pisma česta je tema savremenih diskusija, neretko praćena komentarima o ugroženosti ćirilice i apelima da se ona što više koristi. Iz tog razloga sproveli smo istraživanje među učenicima Gimnazije Jovan Jovanović Zmaj u Novom Sadu da bismo ispitali koliko su ove tvrdnje tačne u navedenoj populaciji, koristeći anketu sa 27 pitanja vezanih za pisanje određenim pismom. U radu analiziramo odgovore na ova pitanja polazeći od pretpostavke da je latinica u češćoj upotrebi u odnosu na ćirilicu među mladim ljudima zbog faktora kao što su upotreba računara i mobilnih telefona, društvene mreže, dominacija engleskog jezika, kontakti sa drugim kulturama i sl. Cilj rada je, dakle, utvrditi kojem pismu i u kojoj prilici mladi ljudi iz Novog Sada daju prednost, koji su glavni činioci koji utiču na njihov izbor i ima li razloga za zabrinutost za opstanak ćirilice.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Temurui (Murraya koenigii L Spreng) Dengan Penentuan Kandungan Senyawa Aktif Menggunakan UPLC-MS
Authors: Afandi Trisno , Permata Intania , Hariyanto Hariyanto  , Rahmat Nahzim , Nainggolan Fernando
Published: December 2024

Sebagai tanaman obat, daun temurui telah lama dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati diare dan diabetes. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak daun temurui. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) dan DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrihidrazil). Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa ekstrak metanol memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan yang lebih baik dibandingkan ekstrak n-heksan dan etil asetat. Hal ini didukung dengan data hasil analisis menggunakan UPLC-QTof-MS/MS dimana diketahui bahwa ekstrak metanol daun temurui mengandung 13 senyawa aktif yang mencakup golongan fenolik, steroid dan alkaloid.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OCCLUSAL WAFER IN SEVERE MANDIBULAR FRACTURE CASES WITH POST-ORIF MALOCCLUSION: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Chintia Amelia Pratiwi  , Mirnasari Amirsyah  , Teuku Nanda Putra
Published: December 2024

Highlights:

This study shows that occlusal wafers can effectively correct malocclusion in patients with segmental mandibular fractures after ORIF plating.
Occlusal wafers help reshape the dental arch within 2 to 4 weeks, reduce surgery time, and simplify follow-up care, making them a valuable option for surgeons.

Abstract:
Introduction: Improper treatment of severe mandibular fractures can lead to malocclusion, which poses a significant challenge for reconstructive surgeons. The occlusal wafer provides an effective solution for managing malocclusion following ORIF plating of maxillofacial fractures during the one-month postoperative evaluation period. Made from acrylic resin, the occlusal wafer serves as an intermediate guide in orthognathic surgery. It helps reposition the maxilla, adjust the mandible, and modify the jawbones to achieve ideal occlusion. The device can reshape the dental arch to any pre-planned position within 2 to 4 weeks.
Case Illustration: We present two cases of patients with segmental fractures.Case 1: A 26-year-old male also had segmental fractures of the left angle and right body of the mandible. He achieved occlusion after ORIF plating; however, malocclusion developed during the three-week follow-up. Case 2: A 28-year-old female presented with segmental fractures of the left angle and right body of the mandible. She initially achieved occlusion after ORIF plating, but malocclusion was noted during the one-month follow-up. 
Discussion: Both of these patients had segmental fractures and experienced malocclusion following ORIF plating, but occlusion was achieved after occlusal wafer installation.
Conclusion: The use of an occlusal wafer facilitates optimal occlusion, streamlines the surgical procedure by reducing operating time, and enhances the ease of postoperative monitoring. This approach proves particularly valuable in cases where ORIF plating has been performed yet ideal occlusal alignment remains unachieved.
CLINICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTROPHIC SCARS AT DR. SOETOMO GENERAL ACADEMIC HOSPITAL SURABAYA, INDONESIA
Authors: Perdanakusuma Arda Rahmanisa , Iswinarno Doso Saputro  , Evy Evrianti
Published: December 2024

Highlights:

Most hypertrophic scar patients were aged 17 to 25, mainly female, and the scars were mostly caused by burns on the face and upper extremities.
Surgical techniques were the most common treatment, with most scars measuring 1 to 5 cm².

Abstract: 
Introduction: Scars is a prevalent clinical concern that is often more complex than commonly perceived. Hypertrophic and keloid scars results from atypical wound healing responses following trauma, characterized by an excessive deposition of connective tissue. In Indonesia, there are remains a paucity of data on the clinical profile and management of hypertrophic scars. To address this gap, researchers conducted a descriptive study to systematically examine various variables associated with hypertrophic scars, aiming to enhance understanding and inform more effective management strategies.
Methods: This research is a retrospective descriptive analysis utilizing secondary data from medical records of patients with hypertrophic scars treated at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in Surabaya during the 2019 – 2020 period. The data were collected and processed according to key variables, including age, gender, occupation, etiology, anatomical location of the hypertrophic scars, scar size, and therapeutic interventions.
Results:The number of patients with hypertrophic scars at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from 2019 to 2020 was 68. Most patients were aged 17 to 25 years. The gender distribution was nearly equal, with 50% male and 50.9% female patients. Among the patients, 12.5% and 43% were students. Burns caused 37.5% and 25% of cases. The most common scar locations were the face (25%) and upper extremities (25%). Most scars measured 1 to 5 cm² (25%). The most common treatment was surgical techniques (80% and 48%).
Conclusion: Most hypertrophic scar patients were aged 17 to 25 years, predominantly female, and students. The primary cause of the scars was burns, with the scars most commonly located on the face and upper extremities. The majority of scars measured between 1 and 5 cm², and surgical techniques were the most widely used therapy.
Scientific Library in a Common Space of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Kuular M. Ch. , Podkorytova N. I.
Published: December 2024

The study of the conditions for the development of a modern scientific library, which enters into an active dialogue with other subjects of the spatio-temporal environment, seems today to be actual. The purpose of the article is to examine the place and system of interaction of scientific libraries with the components of such complex phenomena as the infosphere and the formation of the common space of scientific knowledge in the modern mental field. An attempt has been made to describe these phenomena in a certain totality and integrity, to consider the features of the development of functions and practices of scientific libraries during the period of active introduction of computer technologies into library activities, their connection with the scientific and educational space. The material of the article bases on the systematic approach and analysis of publications devoted to the development of information infrastructure and a set of concepts reflecting the dynamics of definitions of such phenomena as the infosphere, its connections with the sociosphere and technosphere, and a common space of scientific knowledge.

Scientific libraries evolution is largely related to the technology of reproducing texts, data and methods of their organization, therefore monitoring the document-producing environment and analyzing the completeness and availability of open and licensed sources of scientific information is one of new library communication functions in the changing information structure. The modern library is intensifying its activities, focusing on communications between individual and group needs, which are changing depending on the transformation of research and value priorities of users.
Book Review: Enchantment by Birds: A history of birdwatching in 22 species
Authors:   Heidelberg Heights, Victoria, Menkhorst Peter
Published: December 2024

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PEMODELAN 1D DAN 2D SUNGAI TUKAD PENET BAGIAN HILIR
Authors: Ayisya Cindy Harifa  , Cahyani Kharisma Nur
Published: December 2024

Banjir di sungai merupakan fenomena yang akan terjadi, apabila kapasitas sungai berkurang. Kapasitas sungai dapat berkurang disebabkan oleh sedimen, sampah, atau material lain yang terbawa dalam aliran sungai. Analisis pemodelan banjir pada Sungai Tukat Penet Bagian Hilir di Kabupaten Tabanan dilakukan untuk menganalisis besarnya banjir dan luasan luapan banjir. Analisis dilakukan dengan perhitungan debit banjir rancangan kemudian dijadikan input model HEC-RAS 1D dan 2D. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam analisis banjir adalah debit banjir rencana dengan metod HSS Nakayasu sebesar 10 tahun sebesar 404.69 m3/dt, 25 tahun sebesar 959.43 m3/dt, 50 tahun sebesar 979.77 m3/dt, 100 tahun sebesar 1,029.87 m3/dt, dan 200 tahun sebesar 1,107.37 m3/dt. berdasarkan model HEC-RAS 1D menghasilkan ketinggian banjir maksimum sebesar 11.06 m sedangkan hasil simulasi 2D menghasilkan area banjir hingga 56.8 Ha.
CONSTRUCTION OF EARTH CRUST SECTIONS DOWN TO THE MOHO BOUNDARY BASED ON LOW AMPLITUDE REFLECTED WAVES OF RIVER SEISMIC SURVEY USING CPD-2D METHOD (Vitim River, junction zone of the Angara-Lena monocline of the Siberian platform and the Bodaibo-Patom folded system)
Authors: Liseikin V. , Seleznev V.S. , Soloviev V.M. , Zamozhnyaya N.G. , Kashirsky A.Yu. , Kungurtsev L.V.
Published: December 2024

In 2019, employees of the Research and Production Enterprise Luch jointly with specialists of the Seismological Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GS RAS) carried out river seismic exploration works using the common depth point method (CDP-2D) along a 170 km long profile in the lower reaches of the Vitim River. The research was carried out according to the original methodology developed in the Siberian branches of the GS RAS, using the Baikal instruments recording seismic signals continuously (in contrast to traditional cable bottom or ground-based systems with time-limited recording). In this case, patented Malysh air guns were used in the water for the excitation of elastic waves, which have been recorded by ground registration method on the riverbank. To this day, the archives store primary materials from each receiving point (about 7000, with a distance of 25 m between them) in the form of a continuous hours-long digital recording of seismic signals and noise. These materials make it possible to generate seismograms of significant duration – up to 23 s, equal to the time interval between wave generations, in contrast to 6–10 second seismograms traditionally used to construct sections of the upper part of the Earth’s crust. In addition, the 24-bit Baikal recorder makes it possible to record signals with an amplitude two orders of magnitude lower than the amplitude of seismic noise. On the seismic sections constructed by the processor at arrival times of up to 13–14 sec, due to an increase in the stack fold of signals up to 1000–2000, we can select low-amplitude waves, reflected from boundaries in the middle and lower parts of the Earth’s crust to the Moho boundary. High fold is achieved by increasing the size of the stacking site (bin) by several times. By processing seismograms, generated from archival materials, for the first time, we have a complete vertical section of the Earth’s crust along a 170 km long profile, using low-amplitude signals. The profile passes through the junction zone of the Angara-Lena monocline and the Bodaibo-Patom folded system. The proposed approach can be used to obtain preliminary (and relatively cheap) information about the deep structure of the Earth’s crust along profiles performed using the CDP-2D river seismic exploration method.
Mapping the global distribution and predicting the potential expansion of Ceratium (Dinophyceae): development of an interactive platform
Authors: Accattatis Victoria , Milano Micaela , Silva Ruan Dutra da , Huber Paula , Metz Sebastián , Calado António , Craveiro Sandra , Forastier Marina , Piccini Claudia , Cardoso Luciana de Souza , Devercelli Melina
Published: December 2024

Ceratium is a genus of freshwater dinoflagellates distributed worldwide and considered invasive in several aquatic systems around the world. This study introduces a global database documenting Ceratium species that includes 677 records published from 1881 to 2023, and 42 new ones. These encompass a large part of the vast bibliography surrounding the genus described in 1793, or under its basionym Bursaria in 1773. To visualize these records along with the associated environmental information, we developed an interactive and updatable web platform named "Ceratium Tracker" (https://hjqcwk-mica-milano.shinyapps.io/CeratiumTracker/). As South America had the highest number of recent records, we calculated the expansion rate and modeled the potential distribution in this region, focusing on the most frequent species: C. furcoides and C. hirundinella. We found that C. hirundinella had a lesser expansion magnitude compared to C. furcoides, but its invasion in South America started earlier. Within just a decade, from 2002 to 2012, C. furcoides rapidly expanded its range, invading approximately 70% of South America. Our analysis showed that minimum temperature and soil moisture were the variables most influencing the potential distribution of C. furcoides in South America, while actual evapotranspiration was key for C. hirundinella. Consequently, areas most susceptible to C. furcoides were primarily located along Brazil’s coastal region and neighboring countries. In contrast, susceptibility areas for C. hirundinella were concentrated in western Argentina and Chile, consistent with the environmental preferences obtained from our analyses.
Do endocrine and lipid responses to an ice bath depend on the time of day?
Authors: Braunsperger Alexander , Bauer Maximilian , Brahim Chaima Ben , Seep Lea , Tischer Dominik , Peitzsch Mirko , Hasenauer Jan , Figuera Sieglinde Hechenbichler , Worthmann Anna , Heeren Joerg , Dyar Kenneth A. , Koehler Karsten , Soriano-Arroquia Ana , Schönfelder Martin , Wackerhage Henning
Published: December 2024

While the effect of time-of-day (morning versus evening) has been studied in relation to meals and exercise, there are no studies that investigate the effects of time-of-day on an ice bath. In this crossover-designed study, we recruited a homogenous group of six women and six men for an ice bath (8–12°C for 5 min) in the morning and evening. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the ice baths. Both ice baths increased plasma noradrenaline levels similarly between women and men. Adrenaline and cortisol were not affected by any of the ice baths. Plasma lipid class composition differs in the morning versus the evening and only in the morning, ice bathing is accompanied by a significantly higher fatty acid composition. The increase of noradrenaline in response to the ice bath in the morning is consistent with higher plasma concentrations of fatty acids. This relationship suggests that the time-of-day affects noradrenaline-associated lipolysis induced by an ice bath. This time-of-day effect can be further attributed to interindividual plasma fatty acid responses to a morning ice bath. Apparently, morning ice baths increase plasma fatty acids via noradrenaline-associated lipolysis more than in the evening.
Bi-fidelity adaptive sparse reconstruction of polynomial chaos using Bayesiancompressive sensing
Authors: Karimi Mohamad Sadeq , Mohammadi Ramin , Raisee Mehrdad
Published: December 2024

In recent years, non-intrusive polynomial chaos expansion (NIPCE) has been known as a practical method for uncertainty quantification (UQ) of stochastic problems. However, this method suffers from the curse of dimensionality, such that the computational cost of constructing the expansion rises dramatically with an increase in the dimension of the stochastic space. Due to this issue, the application of classical NIPCE in real-world industrial problems with a large number of uncertainty sources is unaffordable. To manage the computational cost of UQ in high-dimensional stochastic problems, this paper introduces a novel efficient method for multi-fidelity sparse reconstruction of NIPCE. The developed framework is established by incorporating a multi-task adaptive Bayesian compressive sensing (MTABCS) method into the regression-based NIPCE. Firstly, a set of inexpensive deterministic computations is used to compress the chaos expansion by recovering the bases strongly affecting the response. Subsequently, the sparsely constructed expansion is refined according to a limited number of high-fidelity computations. Two challenging CFD test cases, namely, the transonic RAE2822 airfoil and the NASA rotor 37, are considered to assess the performance of the developed method in realistic large-sized engineering problems. The investigations indicated that, in addition to a considerable reduction in computational cost, the present method is able to accurately reproduce the results of the classic NIPCE. It is observed that the MTABCS approach reduces the computation workload of UQ analysis in the test cases by one order of magnitude compared to the standard chaos expansion method.
Prediction of urinary tract infection using machine learning methods-A study for finding the most-informative variables
Authors: Farashi Sajjad , Momtaz Hossein Emad
Published: December 2024

Background-Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent health-threatening condition. Early reliable diagnosis of UTI helps to prevent misuse or overuse of antibiotics and hence prevent antibiotic resistance. The gold standard for UTI diagnosis is urinalysis which is a time-consuming and also an error prone method. In this regard, complementary methods are demanded. In the recent decade, machine learning strategies that employ mathematical models on a dataset to extract the most-informative hidden information are the center of interest for prediction and diagnosis purposes.
Method-In this study, machine learning approaches were used for finding the important variables for a reliable prediction of UTI. Several types of intelligent machines including classical and deep learning tools were used for this purpose.
Results- Eighteen selected features from urine test, blood test and demographic data were selected as the most-informative. Factors extracted from urine such as WBC, nitrite, leukocyte, clarity, color, blood, bilirubin, urobilinogen, and factors extracted from blood test like mean platelet volume, lymphocyte, glucose, red blood cell distribution width, and potassium, demographic data such as age, gender and previous use of antibiotics are the determinative factors for UTI prediction. An ensemble combination of XGBoost, decision tree, and light gradient boosting machines with a voting scheme obtained the highest accuracy for UTI prediction (AUC: 88.53 (0.25), accuracy: 85.64 (0.20)%), according to the selected feature. Furthermore, the results showed the importance of gender and age for UTI prediction.
Conclusion-This study highlighted the potential of machine learning for UTI prediction.
It is not only about green: uncovering the factors that determine streetscapes aesthetic in megacities
Authors: Cirino Douglas , Mouquet Nicolas , Metzger Jean Paul
Published: December 2024

Urban streetscapes serve as essential public domains shaping community well-being and identity. Our study searches into the nuanced factors influencing the provision of urban aesthetic service. Employing online surveys, deep learning analyses, and spatial modeling, we explore the intricate interplay between ground level and landscape level features of green and built areas in shaping aesthetic preferences in São Paulo's streets, the largest megacity in the Southern Hemisphere. We found that the perceived beauty of streets is positively affected by heterogeneous arrangement of vegetation and built-up areas and by the three-dimensionality of trees, and not solely by the quantity of greenery. Surprisingly, socioeconomic profiles of respondents exhibit no discernible impact on aesthetic evaluations, suggesting consensus across people with diverse social characteristics. Using convolutional neural networks trained on our survey, we could predict aesthetic scores for over 350,000 street images, yielding for the first time a map of the scenic beauty ecosystem service of an entire city with a resolution of 50 m. This aesthetic map uncovers significant mismatches between supply and demand for aesthetic services, exposing urban inequalities. By revealing these patterns, our framework provides actionable insights for policymakers, offering a pathway to cultivate more socially equitable and aesthetically pleasing urban environments globally.
Wavelength-Dependent DNA Damage Induced by Single Wavelengths of UVC Light (215 to 255 nm) in a Human Cornea Model
Authors: Buonanno Manuela , Hashmi Raabia , Petersen Camryn E , Tang Zheng , Welch David , Shuryak Igor , Brenner David J
Published: December 2024

Scientific bodies overseeing UV radiation protection recommend safety limits for exposure to ultraviolet light in the workplace based on published peer-reviewed data. To support this goal, a 3D model of the human cornea was used to assess the wavelength dependence of corneal damage induced by UVC light. In the first set of experiments the models were exposed with or without simulated tears; at each wavelength (215–255 nm) cells with DNA dimers and their distribution within the epithelium were measured. Simulated tears reduced the fraction of damaged cells to an extent dependent on the wavelength and tissue layer. Another set of models were exposed without tears; yields of DNA-damaged cells and their distribution within the corneal epithelium were evaluated at each wavelength, together with other markers of cell and tissue integrity. Unlike relatively longer wavelengths, the range commonly referred to as far-UVC (215–235 nm) only induced dimers in the uppermost layers of the epithelium and did not result in lasting damage or halt proliferation of the germinative cells. These results provide evidence for the recommended exposure limits for far-UVC wavelengths, which have been proposed as a practical technology to reduce the risk of transmission of airborne diseases in occupied locations.
Risks of microplastics in different land-use types of soil in a typical petrochemical city in China
Authors: Guo Yuting , Wu Rongshan , Guo Changsheng , Wu Linlin , Xu Jian
Published: December 2024

Although microplastic pollution is a global concern, information on the distribution of microplastics in petroleum and petrochemical urban soils is limited. In this study, we investigated the occurrence, ecological risk, and human exposure risk of microplastics in different land-use types of soil in Daqing Administrative region, a prominent petroleum and petrochemical industrial base in China. Stereoscopic microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (µ-FTIR) were used to study the chemical composition and distribution characteristics of microplastics. We found that the abundance of microplastics in Daqing soil ranged from 714.29 to 11122.45 items/kg, with the highest value in educational land and the lowest in parks and green land. The dominant particle size of microplastics was < 1 mm (65.7%), and the shape was mainly fiber (55.1%), with white and black as the predominant colors. The most common polymer types were rayon (RY), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE). Using the potential ecological risk index (RI) and polymeric risk index (H), we found that all land-use types, except woodland (Level I), were classified into Level V of ecological risk, with the highest risk in industrial land (RI = 14959.85, H = 588.31). The daily exposure of infants to microplastics was much higher than that of adults, with a decreasing trend with age. The average estimated daily intake (EDI) of microplastics in different land-use types followed the decreasing trend of educational land > farmland > industrial land > woodland > residential land > riparian land > parks and green lands. These findings provide valuable data for the pollution and potential risk assessment of microplastics in urban and rural environments, suggesting the importance of taking action to minimize its harmful effects on ecological and human health.
Relationship Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Depression in Middle School Students: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies and the Moderating Role of Face Consciousness
Authors: song han , Zhao Lingbo
Published: December 2024

Background
The more rapid adoption of the Internet in education settings has raised concerns about its impact on adolescents who may suffer from cyberbullying victimization. As a negative life experience, cyberbullying victimization can adversely affect adolescents’ mental health. Particularly, it can lead to more adolescents developing depression. Based on this, we developed and tested a moderated mediation model to examine whether coping strategies mediate the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and depression, and whether this mediating process was moderated by face consciousness.
Method
This study used a cross-sectional survey design with a sample of 1,586 middle school students from northwestern China, including 782 females (mean age 13.76 ± 1.03 years; age range 12–16). Participants completed an anonymous paper-and-pencil survey that assessed their experiences with cyberbullying victimization, coping strategies, face consciousness, and depressive symptoms.
Result
The findings revealed that cyberbullying victimization (Beta = 0.36, t = 16.17, p < 0.001) significantly predicted level of depression in adolescents. Coping strategies (Effect = 0.19, p < 0.001) partially mediated this relationship. Additionally, face consciousness (Beta = -0.09, t = -4.61, p < 0.001) moderated the mediation: as face consciousness increased, the impact of coping strategies on depression became stronger.
Conclusion
These findings provide valuable insights into how and when cyberbullying affects adolescent depression, offering potential guidance for prevention and intervention strategies aimed at reducing the impact of cyberbullying on depressive symptoms in this vulnerable population.
Atypical Neural Responses to Native and Non-Native Language in Infants at High Likelihood for Developing Autism
Authors: Wagner Lauren , Banchik Megan , Tsang Tawny , Okada Nana J. , Altshuler Rebecca , McDonald Nicole , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Jeste Shafali S. , Green Shulamite A. , Dapretto Mirella
Published: December 2024

Background
Language difficulties are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Amongst infant siblings of children with an ASD diagnosis – who are at higher likelihood for developing ASD – a high proportion also show difficulties and delays in language acquisition.
Methods
In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine atypicalities associated with language processing in 9-month-old infants at high (HL) and typical (TL) familial likelihood for ASD. Infants were presented with native (English) and novel (Japanese) speech while sleeping naturally in the scanner. Whole-brain and a priori region-of-interest analyses were conducted to evaluate neural differences in language processing based on likelihood group and language condition.
Results
HL infants showed attenuated responses to speech in general, particularly in left temporal language areas, as well as a lack of neural discrimination between the native and novel languages compared to the TL group. Importantly, we also demonstrate that HL infants show distinctly atypical patterns of greater rightward lateralization for speech processing. Limitations: The sample size, particularly for the TL group, is relatively modest due to the challenges inherent to collecting auditory stimulus-evoked data from sleeping participants, as well as retention and follow-up difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the groups were not matched on some demographic variables; however, the present findings held even after accounting for these differences.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first fMRI study to directly measure autism-associated atypicalities in native language uptake during infancy. These findings provide a better understanding of the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of language delay in ASD, which is a prerequisite step for developing earlier and more effective interventions for autistic children and HL siblings who experience language impairments.
Case report and review of mechanical failure of eruption of the maxillary second primary molar with ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar
Authors: Gao Xuguang , Li Qianyi , Li Yunyang , Li Jianwen , Xiang Qian , Fang Ying , Zou Meiling , Chen Yinyin , Zeng Sujuan
Published: December 2024

Objective: This case report presents a rare case of mechanical failure of eruption (MFE) of the maxillary second primary molar, combined with ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar. The aim is to explore early orthodontic intervention strategies and non-invasive techniques to correct eruption issues, prevent secondary impaction, and improve long-term outcomes.
Case Summary: A 6-year and 11-month-old male patient presented in June 2023 with the complaint of "failure of eruption of the upper left molar." Six months prior, the patient had undergone "windowing for assisted eruption" of the left maxillary second primary molar (65), but the result was unsatisfactory. The patient had no family history of similar dental conditions, and clinical examination revealed ectopic eruption of both the second primary molar and the first permanent molar, as well as signs of impaction in tooth 25.
Symptoms and Clinical Findings
The patient was in the mixed dentition stage. The upper left second primary molar (65) exhibited distal impaction with incomplete eruption, while the first permanent molar (26) showed mesial ectopic eruption. Radiographic examinations revealed that tooth 65 was impacted against the cervical region of 26, and tooth 25 displayed palatal impaction, indicating mechanical obstruction. CBCT confirmed the abnormal positioning and impaction of these teeth.
Diagnosis
Based on clinical and radiographic findings, the diagnosis was:
1. Mechanical failure of eruption of the upper left second primary molar (65)
2. Mesial ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar (26)
3. Crowded dental arch
4. Misalignment
Treatment Plan
The following treatment plan was developed based on the diagnosis of mechanical failure of eruption:
1. A spiral expander was used to distalize 26, resolving its mesial impaction and creating space for 65 to erupt.
2. A parallel expander was employed to alleviate crowding and ensure proper tooth alignment.
3. A custom removable appliance was designed to guide the eruption of 65, preventing further impaction.
Clinical Outcome
After six months of orthodontic treatment, 65 successfully erupted, and the palatal impaction of 25 was improved, while the mesial ectopic eruption of 26 was resolved. Radiographic examination confirmed significant relief of dental crowding, with noticeable improvement in occlusal function and arch stability. This case demonstrates that non-invasive treatment methods can effectively address complex eruption issues, avoiding extractions and other surgical interventions.
Conclusion: Early non-extraction intervention strategies can effectively manage complex eruption disorders, reduce trauma, and improve patient outcomes.
Spatiotemporal epidemiology of indigenous and imported malaria cases in Goa, western India
Authors: Mohanty Ajeet Kumar , Naik Aparna , Govekar Abhishek , Mazumdar Debattam , Prakash Pooja T , Sawant Sushant , Mahatme Kalpana , Bharti Praveen Kumar , Balasubramani Karuppusamy , Nina Praveen Balabaskaran
Published: December 2024

Background
The state of Goa in western India is world-renowned for its coastline and attracts millions of tourists across the world. Historically, Goa was among the malaria-endemic states in India, with Plasmodium vivax contributing to majority of the cases. Past malaria outbreaks in Goa have been linked to construction activities, and imported malaria cases threaten malaria elimination efforts in the state.
Methods
The population-normalized malaria data from the National Centre for Vector Borne Disease Control (NCVBDC) and the Directorate of Health Services, Goa was used to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of P. falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection in Goa from 2000-2023. The spatiotemporal distribution of native and imported malaria cases from 2014-2023 in the different primary/urban/community health centres (PHC/UHC/CHCs) of Goa was analysed using GIS. The spatio-temporal changes of the last three decades in Goa’s Land use/ Land cover (LU/LC) were assessed using Landsat satellite images, and its effect on malaria distribution was analysed.
Results
Over the study period (2000-2023), P. vivax contributed to 78.5% of the caseload. The malaria trend fluctuated from 2000-2008, with a steep decline observed from 2009 onwards, and in 2023, zero indigenous cases were reported. The six health centres of Candolim, Margao, Siolim, Vasco, Mapusa, and Panaji reported ~ 54% of the total native and imported malaria cases in Goa during 2014-2023. With 292 438 cases in 2023, the Porvorim UHC has emerged as a new hotspot of imported malaria cases. The LU/LC change analysis shows a a four-fold increase of built-up area, from about 70 sq. km in 1991 to 260 sq. km in 2024, with strong spatial overlap between new built-up areas and malaria cases.
Conclusion
Due to the concerted parasite and vector control strategies of the state health department, Goa has achieved the target of zero indigenous malaria cases in 2023. Despite achieving this milestone, the threat of imported malaria cases leading to local outbreaks is a serious concern.
A study on prognostic risk factors of cervical spondylotic myelopathy Study design: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Zhou Zihan , Su Yunxin , Shao Yuqi , Liu Jiayun , Wu Xincan , Gao Peng , Qin Tao , Xue Kaixiao , yin Guoyong , Chen Jian
Published: December 2024

Objective: To identify the risk factors that influence the prognosis of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
Methods: Clinical data were collected from 103 CSM patients treated between January 2023 and January 2024 in the Department of Orthopaedics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The data were retrospectively analyzed, with a one-year follow-up. Based on the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, patients were categorized into good and poor recovery groups. Clinical characteristics, laboratory indices, and imaging findings were compared between the groups, and risk factors affecting CSM prognosis were identified.
Results: A comparison between the two groups revealed that age, symptom duration, spinal cord hyperintensity length on magnetic resonance imaging, and a history of diabetes were negatively correlated with the postoperative improvement rate of CSM. Conversely, preoperative neurological symptoms, spinal cord compression ratio, and preoperative Treg cell count were significantly positively correlated with postoperative improvement rates. The stratified analysis results indicated that preoperative neurological function serves as an independent prognostic predictor, remaining unaffected by other variables. Furthermore, Treg cell count was significantly correlated with the improvement rate, particularly in elderly patients.
Conclusion: The prognosis of CSM is affected by risk factors including age, preoperative JOA score, spinal cord compression ratio, lesion length, symptom duration, Treg cell count and history of diabetes.