bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El humanismo, la formación y el reconocimiento de las diversidades humanas
Authors: Tamayo Giraldo Gonzalo , Guarín Jurado Germán
Published: October 2023

El presente texto hace parte de los resultados de la investigación “prácticas de y no reconocimiento a la diversidad en maestras y maestros en el centro-occidente Colombiano (2021-2022)”, desarrollada por el grupo de investigación Conocimiento en Diversidad y Cultura en América latina de la Universidad de Manizales; se ha realizado una revisión textual sistemática de la concepción de humanismo en su relación con el reconocimiento de la diversidad, orientada por la discusión contemporánea sobre el humanismo crítico ligado a grandes promesas de humanidad por cumplir entre los seres humanos diversos, sujetos y actores sociales que, en dignidad y derecho, requieren su lugar en el mundo. La más reciente promesa de humanidad es el reconocimiento de las diversidades humanas y no humanas, la inclusión social, frente a lo que nuestras libertades, peticiones de igualdad, diferencia, justicia, habrán de comprenderse entre sujetos, grupos humanos, comunidades, pueblos, naciones. Nuestra humanidad es una construcción difícil, histórica-existencial entre-nos, no tanto un dogma, una doctrina, más allá de las violencias estructurales de nuestra civilización, cerca de lo que se ha denominado el humanismo del otro hombre, una autocorrección que el humanismo hace en la conciencia de su propia inhumanidad.
Una experiencia educativa basada en proyectos de integración interdisciplinaria y de proyección social
Authors: Corominas Ayala Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2023

Este artículo describe una experiencia educativa llevada a cabo en el Instituto Técnico Jesús Obrero entre 1972 y 1975. Un grupo de docentes descontentos con la metodología educativa vigente buscó darle un sentido propio a la educación del Instituto, combinando la educación formal con la educación técnica y la formación en valores cristianos. Durante tres años, unos 500 estudiantes participaron en proyectos de campo enfocados en la enseñanza de las ciencias, lo que resultó en una doctrina y técnica curricular llamada Proyecto. Se analiza en particular el proyecto Ciencias-Agua, que recogió el aprendizaje de los proyectos anteriores y marcó un hito importante en la manera de trabajar en la institución. Esta experiencia dio lugar a otras experiencias educativas y terminó dando un estilo de trabajo institucional orientado a la Educación Basada en Proyectos. La investigación se hizo a través de fuentes primarias, entrevistas a profundidad a los docentes involucrados en el desarrollo del Proyecto y a jesuitas que fueron directivos en esa época.
Impacto de la emigración de docentes venezolanos de educación inicial en la gestión escolar. Caso: instituciones privadas del municipio Baruta
Authors: Martínez Scott Mariana , López Brito Rainner
Published: October 2023

Venezuela, desde inicios del siglo XXI, ha experimentado cambios que han llevado a una parte de la población a emigrar, incluyendo a los docentes. Esto representa un obstáculo para las escuelas en la realización adecuada de los procesos de gestión escolar, los cuales son fundamentales para promover la calidad educativa. En este sentido, el propósito de la investigación fue analizar el impacto de la emigración de docentes de educación inicial en la gestión escolar de las instituciones educativas privadas del Municipio Baruta, tomando en consideración teorías como la de la motivación de Maslow y la motivación-higiene de Herzberg. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación descriptiva, no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por quince (15) directivos, pertenecientes al Municipio, utilizando la encuesta como técnica de recolección de datos y el cuestionario como instrumento. Los hallazgos señalaron que la causa económica es una de las razones principales, por las cuales los docentes emigran, lo que ocasiona renuncias a sus cargos. Esto conlleva una reestructuración del orden interno de las instituciones, siendo evidente que la emigración de docentes de educación inicial afecta directamente a las mismas, generando una repercusión significativa en la gestión escolar.
Indian Tax System: Compliance by Design
Authors: Rao M Govinda
Published: October 2023

Taxes matter.  They are required to finance social goods which the markets fail to provide.  Since taxes are compulsory payments, it is important to evolve the design and implementation features to ensure effective compliance with the tax to ensure both horizontal and vertical equity. Tax compliance is a multiplicative function of the rate of tax, probability of detection, and penalty rate.  The best practice approach to tax policy and reform is to evolve the system with a broad base, and low and less differentiated rates. Such a simple system with reasonable rates minimises the three costs associated with taxes namely, the collection cost to the government, compliance cost to the taxpayer, and distortion cost to the economy. Avoiding multiple objectives makes the tax system simple and broad-based and requires low tax rates to collect a given amount of revenue.  A strong technology platform for administering the tax increases the probability of detection and enhances voluntary compliance.  The paper discusses the important aspects of tax compliance in terms of design and the importance of technology in the administration of taxes in India.
What exactly are the current norms for calculating the minimum wage in India?
Authors: Paul Jehosh
Published: October 2023

The calculation of minimum wages in India has evolved over the years, with various committees and legal frameworks guiding its determination. This paper examines the current norms for calculating minimum wages in India, tracing its evolution from the introduction of the Minimum Wages Act in 1948 to 2021. Despite the Act's repeal and the introduction of the Code on Wages, 2019, no quantitative criteria for the minimum wage calculation have been definitively laid out in the legislation. Academic discourse has offered conflicting assertions on the norms. The paper identifies three primary theses: 1) There's no established standard criterion, 2) The 15th Indian Labour Conference's (15th ILC) resolution serves as the norm, and 3) The resolution of the 15th ILC in combination with the Supreme Court's Reptakos Brett judgment are the guiding norms. By analysing various events, resolutions, and judgments, this research confirms that the current norms are primarily based on the recommendations of the 15th ILC (1957) coupled with the Supreme Court's judgment in Workmen v. Reptakos Brett (1992). These norms are crucial in ensuring that minimum wage calculations are aligned with the essential needs of the worker, offering them a dignified standard of living.
Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics of Invasive Papillary Carcinoma with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and their survival outcome
Authors: Zangouri Vahid , Nourinejad Negin , Soufizadeh Balaneji Souzan , Ghaeini Hesarooeih Ali , Mousavi Seyed Amin , Ranjbar Aliey , Amestejani Morteza , Ghoddusi Johari Masoumeh , Shariat Mehdi , Mokhtari Maral
Published: October 2023

Background: Invasive Papillary Carcinoma (IPC) of the breast is a rare breast cancer subtype. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of IPC of the breast, its differences from Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC), and their survival outcomes.Materials and Methods: The medical records of 6599 patients were retrospectively reviewed at the Breast Disease Research Center from December 1993 to December 2021. The patients were divided into two groups: IPC and IDC. The tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathologic stage, nuclear and histological grade, hormonal receptor status, and survival were reviewed and compared between the IPC and IDC groups.Results: Of the 6599 patients, 27 had IPC, and 6572 had IDC. The mean age of patients with IPC and IDC was 58.5 and 49 years, respectively (P=0.02). Patients with IPC were more likely to have a positive node status and had a significantly higher incidence of lymphovascular invasion (14.9% for IPCs and 53.3% for IDCs, P<0.001). ER status was positive in 66.6% of IPCs and 78.1% of IDCs (P=0.23). Additionally, 62.5% of patients with IPC and 94.9% of those with IDC received adjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.001). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were better in IPC patients for stage I (5-year DFS: 69% vs. 81%, P=0.008; 5-year OS: 75% vs. 85%, P=0.001).Conclusion: IPC is a rare tumor type that presents unique clinicopathological characteristics and is associated with a higher rate of breast-conserving surgery and a favorable prognosis than IDC
Endoscopic anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and endoscopic anti-reflux ablation (ARMA) as a potential treatment for gastroesophageal reflux – preliminary report
Authors: Klimczak Tomasz , Strzelczyk Janusz
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) is one of the most common disorders of the alimentary tract. Apart from troublesome symptoms, untreated GERD can lead to Barrett’s esophagus and, as a consequence, esophageal adenocarcinoma. As for now, the most common treatment of GERD is PPI pharmacotherapy. However, in a number of cases, this treatment is not sufficient or the patient does not tolerate PPI-group drugs. In such cases, interventional therapy is recommended. So far, laparoscopic fundoplication has been the only suggested option. Other, minimally invasive procedures such as Stretta, MUSE, TIFF, or EsophyX were not recommended due to the lack of clinical data. In 2014, Professor H.Inoue from the Digestive Diseases Center, Showa University in Japan reported on the first series of novel, endoscopic, anti-reflux procedures: anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) and anti-reflux mucosal ablation (ARMA).

Methods: We conducted our prospective, single-center study in 30 patients (14 female, 16 male) with PPI-refractory GERD. All patients underwent FSSG and GERD-HRQL evaluation and GE junction pressure study prior, 6 weeks and 6 months after the procedures. After the procedure, all patients received PPI treatment for 4 weeks.

Results: We successfully completed the procedures in all 30 patients. The mean procedure time was 42 minutes. No complications occurred. In 86.67% (26) of our patients, we achieved total remission of GERD symptoms, FSSG scores < 6 and GERD-HRQL scores < 8.

Conclusions: The results of our study show that ARMS and ARMA are simple, safe, improve GERD-related symptoms, and restore the GE junction’s anti-reflux capacity.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting complications and prognosis in patients with acute cholangitis
Authors: Fuss Julia , Voloboyeva Anna , Bojko Valeriy , Polovyj Victor , Maloshtam Aleksander
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Acute cholangitis belongs to urgent conditions in surgery, which are accompanied by high mortality and require clear diagnosis and immediate treatment. One of these biomarkers is the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), but the insufficient number of studies does not allow judging its value as a marker of infectious complications in hepatobiliary surgery.Aim of the study: to determine the predictive value of the neutrophil-leukocyte ratio as a predictor of infectious complications after hepatobiliary surgery.Methods: We evaluated 229 patients with acute cholangitis who underwent biliary drainage. The severity of acute cholangitis was graded according to the Tokyo 2018 guideline. Patients were dichotomized according to the acute cholangitis severity (mild/moderate vs. severe), and blood culture positivity. The baseline NLR, white blood cell (WBC) count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were compared between groups.Results: Of the 229 acute cholangitis patients analyzed, 83 (36.3%) had mild, 111 (48.5%) had moderate, and 35 (15.2%) had severe acute cholangitis. Positive blood culture (n = 114) was more frequently observed in the severe acute cholangitis group than the mild/moderate cholangitis group (83% vs. 43%, p < 0.001). The NLR was significantly higher in patients with severe cholangitis, shock, and positive blood culture. Conclusion: The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is a reliable predictor in predicting the risk of developing infectious complications in acute cholangitis. The high predictive value of CRP and PCT, as well as high availability and low cost of performing a clinical blood test, make NLR a more promising test in clinical practice.
Reasons for Calling EMS
Authors: Angeles Ricardo , McLeod Brent , Lee Janice , Mahmuda Sabnam , Stocic Alix , Howard Michelle , Agarwal Gina
Published: October 2023

Background: Frequent callers of emergency medical services comprise a disproportionate percentage of emergency department visits. This study aims to describe reasons for calling 911 and healthcare services among frequent callers in Ontario.

Methods: Cross-sectional research design. A mailed self-administered survey was conducted. Participants were residents of an urban City in Canada, 18 years or older, and had called 911 at least 5 times in the past year. Dillman’s Total Design Method was used to implement the survey. Data was summarized using frequency distribution. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess for factors associated with reasons for calling in the past, reasons for calling in the future, and health services utilized.

Results: Among the 67 participants, 47.8% were over 65, 50.70% were female, 85.1% were unemployed, and 38.8% lived alone. Most frequently reported reasons for having called 911 were inability to get up after a fall (41.8%), exacerbation of chronic medical conditions (37.3%), inability to get to the hospital (34.3%), experiencing severe pain (34.3%), and anxiety attacks (23.9%). Subgroup analysis showed significant associations: unemployment was associated with calling due to an alcohol or drug overdose (OR=6.50; CI: 1.16, 36.26); age over 65 had a lower odds of calling in the future for alcohol or drug overdose (OR=0.06; CI: 0.01, 0.51), for serious allergic response  (OR=0.22; CI:0.081, 0.740) or for severe pain (OR=0.18; CI: 0.064, 0.518); age over 65 (OR=4.46CI=1.24-17.41) had higher odds of using Community Care Access Centers; and male participants had lower odds of using telehealth (OR=0.19; CI:0.038, 0.97).

Conclusions: Policy makers should review these reasons for frequently calling 911 and implement a system to help frequent callers use more appropriate health care services including a non-ambulance response to calls related to falls, transport to medical care facilities, or anxiety attacks. This might free up ambulance services for more urgent calls.
Comparative Analysis of The Essential Chemical Components in Two Commercial Antibiotics
Authors: Okeke A.U.G. , Ikechukwu F.C. , Ezetoha N.O , Orakwe F.C.
Published: October 2023

The experiment was carried out to comparatively analyze the active ingredients present in Ampiclox and Amoxicillin. The experiment was successfully carried out using standard analytical methods. The result obtained showed no significance difference in the absorbance of the samples tested. The experiment shows that the quantities of the samples for Ampiclox are 682mg for Beecham, 690mg for Reichlox and 740mg for vadisclox while for Amoxicillin are 461mg for Vamoxil, 463mg for Noxil and 463mg for GSK. The result obtained shows that the quantity obtained for the Ampiclox samples were higher than the label quantity of 500mg while the quantity obtained for the Amoxicillin samples were lower than the label quantity of 500mg. It was however suggested that more studies should be carried out on this topic and also the purity of active ingredients imported from abroad should always be investigated and determined properly as it affects the quality of drugs produced with them.
Assessment of Water Use across different Wards in Minna Town, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Mahmud Abdullah Sheikh , Dadi-Mamud John Naomi
Published: October 2023

Water is an important resource on the surface of the earth. Some areas however have low supply and consumption of water than the others. In some cities across the world, water scarcity has become a serious challenge which residents undergo on daily basis. Therefore, this study investigated water consumption across different wards in Minna Town, Niger State, Nigeria. The study used multistage cluster sampling methods of different wards where 400 questionnaires were administered and interviews conducted. The result showed that most residents in Minna Town used the water supply for domestic purposes than industrial and agriculture purposes. Kpakungu (17.8%) had the highest domestic use of water. However, Limawa B, Soje and Kpakungu with 12.5% each were the three wards with the highest rates of industrial water consumption. Nasarawa B (29%) and Soje (15%) had the highest consumption of water supply for agricultural purposes. It was found that high density areas had the highest consumption rate of water and the Chanchaga Water Board could not adequately supply the required quantities of water for Minna residents. Therefore, the study has recommended that the government and city planners should improve water supply, develop and enforce a good water management framework that will meet the water needs of Minna residents without further delay.
Evaluating the Efficiency and Feasibility of Renewable Energy Technologies in Combating Climate Change in Africa
Authors: Precious Alonge Samuel , Obiorah Jennifer , Joshua Awotundun Oluwagbenga , Ignatius Edeh Maduabuchi
Published: October 2023

This study examines the efficacy and viability of renewable energy technologies in addressing climate change in Africa. The research utilizes a thorough examination of literature, including academic journals, reports, and policy documents, to provide an enhanced understanding of the effectiveness and practicality of renewable energy technologies in mitigating climate change in Africa. The study finds that Africa has significant untapped renewable energy potential that can contribute to sustainable development and expand access to electricity. It evaluates the efficiency of various renewable energy technologies, such as photovoltaics, wind turbines, hydroelectric power plants, and geothermal systems, considering factors such as energy conversion efficiency, scalability, and reliability. Economic considerations, including investment costs, regulatory frameworks, and development pathways, are also analyzed to determine the feasibility and economic viability of renewable energy technologies. The study emphasizes the challenges posed by climate change in Africa, particularly in relation to energy access disparities and the vulnerability of climate-sensitive sectors like agriculture. Based on the findings, the study recommends strengthening renewable energy policies and regulations, enhancing research and development, promoting public-private partnerships, prioritizing off-grid solutions, focusing on climate change adaptation and resilience, and investing in capacity building and skills
An Analysis of Local Government Financial Autonomy as the Bedrock to National Development (Case Study of Bauchi Local Government)
Authors: Muhammad Yusuf Sani Can. , Kawugana Alhaji
Published: October 2023

This study analyzes the link between local government financial autonomy and rural development. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of local government financial autonomy on rural development and the extent at which poor capital funding has affected the fate of rural development the empirical evidence from Bauchi Local Government of Bauchi state. The research utilizes both primary and secondary data, the primary data were collected through questionnaire and interview. The sample technique use in this work is the Taro Yamane sample derivation. The work employed descriptive statistics using ordinary least square in SPSS to analyze the hypothesis in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The study finds out that there is a negative effect of poor capital funding on the lives of the local populace. Hence, the study concludes that the local governments need financial autonomy in order to be able to perform theft administrative duties
Monetary Policy and Commercial Banks Profitability in Nigeria
Authors: Iwedi Dr Marshal , James Dr Egileoniso Daniel
Published: October 2023

This study examines the impact of monetary policy on profitability of commercial banks in Nigeria over the period from 1988 to 2021. Data on credit to deposit ratio, return on asset, return on equity, Z-score, money supply, income per head, interest rate, interest spread, and inflation were obtained from the statistical bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) techniques were used to estimate the short and long- term dynamic equilibrium relationship between monetary policy and commercial banks' profitability in Nigeria. The analysis confirms mixed integration through unit root tests, which justifies the use of the ARDL approach for the four baseline models. The estimation results for these models provide evidence of a cointegrating relationship between monetary policy and commercial bank profitability in Nigeria, indicating that all the variables are bound in the long run. Among the indicators of commercial bank profitability, return on asset responds more quickly to changes in monetary policy, compared to return on equity, credit-deposit ratio, and Z-score. The long-term disequilibrium adjustment further supports the presence of a cointegrating relationship among these variables. The estimated level equations demonstrate that money supply and inflation have positive multiplier effects on the bank credit-deposit ratio in the long run. Based on these findings, the study strongly recommends increasing the Z-score of the Nigerian banking sector by reducing the standard deviation of return on asset. The volatility of ROA in the Nigerian banking system contributes to a low Z-score, therefore, bank management teams should strive to maintain relatively stable ROA over time. The government should work on reducing inflation, particularly inflation resulting from reckless spending of public funds, excessive quoting by public officers, and c
Proactiveness and Organizational Resilience among Small Scale Business in Lagos State
Authors: OIKU Peter Omoyebagbe
Published: October 2023

The focus of this study was to examine the impact of proactiveness on organizational resilience among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) operating in Lagos State, Nigeria. One of the major drivers of economic growth in any nation is the small and medium scale enterprise sector. Proactiveness is an element of entrepreneurial orientation which enables a business organization to easily identify business opportunities in the market place thereby keeping them ahead of competition for relevance in the market. This study adopts a descriptive research design using a sample size of 500 business owners from various SME sectors a self-structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The finding of this study shows that there is a positive correlation between business organization proactiveness and organizational resilience. This implies that proactiveness positively influence organizational resilience among small and medium scale enterprises in Lagos state. The study therefore recommends that business owners especially the start-up show always respond raptly to issues that will make them stay relevant in the market place. This include introducing innovative ideas to their business on regular basis.
TRANSFORMAÇÃO HUMANA NA EXPERIÊNCIA MÍSTICA: CONVERGÊNCIAS EPISTÊMICAS E ONTOLÓGICAS INDÍGENAS E OCIDENTAIS
Authors: Valim Ricardo
Published: October 2023

Através de uma pesquisa de cunho teórico, o presente artigo teve por objetivo esclarecer o que é de fato o fenômeno da conversão religiosa e as suas implicações na vida das pessoas. A presente pesquisa procurou ainda de modo claro e objetivo justamente traduzir em palavras acadêmicas não-teológicas essa realidade religiosa da conversão, tão ampla, complexa, mas ao mesmo tempo tão bela e sutil que está presente na sociedade e nas culturas indígenas desde tempos imemoriais. Aliás, ficou claro que de fato este fenômeno pode afetar de forma incisiva a vida de toda e qualquer pessoa que se disponha a trilhar caminhos nunca antes percorridos de sua existência espiritual.
Saúde Mental e Bem-estar Vol. 1
Authors: Santos Igor Costa , Toqueton Tainá Rodrigues , Zanoni Rodrigo Daniel
Published: October 2023

Nas páginas deste livro, mergulhamos em um universo fascinante e essencial: a saúde mental e o bem-estar. Com curiosidade de cientista, empatia de médico, e a paixão de um escritor renomado, esta obra representa uma jornada única pelos territórios complexos e multifacetados da mente humana. Em "Saúde Mental e Bem-estar Vol. 1", os escritores nos presenteiam com uma análise profunda e acessível dos desafios e triunfos que todos enfrentamos em nossa busca por uma vida equilibrada e saudável. Com base em anos de pesquisa, experiência clínica e conhecimento acadêmico, o autor nos conduz por um panorama abrangente das questões que afetam nossa saúde mental.
Gyomormegterhelés és helyzetváltozás barna medvében (Ursus arctos, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Nógrádi Anna Linda , Kertész Péter
Published: October 2023

A szerzők egy hirtelen elhullott, 30 év feletti nőstény európai barnamedve (Ursus arctos) esetét mutatják be. A 250 kg körüli medve közepesnél rosszabb kondícióban volt. A boncolás során láthatóvá vált a hasüreg jobb oldalán elhelyezkedő, extrém módon kitelt gyomor, amely az epigastrium helyett a mesogastriumban volt fellelhető a vékonybelek mögött. A gyomor az óramutató járásával megfelelő irányban, 180 fokban volt megcsavarodva. A gyomor erei kitágultak és a pylorus területén vérzések voltak láthatók. A boncolásnál tapasztalt makroszkópos kép alapján az elhullás oka egyértelműen heveny gyomormegterhelés és következményes gyomorcsavarodás volt.
Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Farmingdale okozta elhalásos heregyulladás egyiptomi homoki boában (Eryx colubrinus colubrinus, Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Gál János , Ziszisz Árisz , Vincze Zoltán , Halász Gábor , Kanyorszky Tünde , Nógrádi Anna Linda , Mándoki Míra , Makrai László
Published: October 2023

A szerzők az Állatorvostudományi Egyetem Egzotikusállat- és Vadegészségügyi Tanszékén végeztek patológiai vizsgálatokat egy vadon befogott, ismeretlen korú egyiptomi homoki boa (Eryx colubrinus colubrinus, Linnaeus, 1758) tetemén. A boncolás során a jobb oldali here megnagyobodott volt, a kórszövettani vizgsálatok alapján pedig az elváltozás elhalásos gyulladásnak bizonyult. A májból és a heréből Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Farmingdale került azonosításra. A szalmonellózis ritkán okoz megbetegedést vagy elhullást hüllők esetében, azonban az egyik leggyakrabban előforduló zoonózis. A szakirodalomban, a vizsgált fajban, még nem írtak le a szerzők által megfigyelt elváltozásokat.
Reasons for Encounter in Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital in South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Azudialu Bede , Nkem Benjamin , Amaka Obi-Nwosu
Published: October 2023

Background: Reasons for Encounter (RFEs) are the main aim of a clinic visit that often goes unexplored by health practitioners especially when fixated on making a clinical diagnosis. Most patients present with one or more RFEs at the clinic visit. The traditional medical model unduly emphasizes the need for a biomedical diagnosis, hence the routine use of the traditional International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), but with the recent introduction and adoption of International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) by the World Health Organization, there is need for a paradigm shift by primary care physicians to embrace the use of ICPC. Considering the immense benefits and practicability of ICPC, we undertook this study to get a bird’s eye view of our patients RFEs to create the necessary awareness about the use of ICPC and also to use the result in making necessary health policy recommendation and training of resident doctors in our hospital.

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the reason for outpatient encounter in Federal University Teaching Hospital in Southern East Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-section of patients aged 16 years and above presenting at our outpatient clinic was recruited consecutively until a sample size of 325 patients was attained. There was 100% response rate among the respondents. The reasons for encounter were assessed using an interviewer administered questionnaire where they were requested to “say” in their own words their reasons for coming to see the doctor.

Results: The five commonest reason for encounter was A: general/unspecific(43.4%),  X:femalegenitalia(14.2%), M: musculoskeletal(8.5%), D: digestive(6.5%) and R: respiratory(6.5%); while the least are U:urogenital(0.9%) and Y:male genital(0.9%). Incidentally none of the patients presented with substance abuse or social problems. The geriatric age group accounted for less than 20% of the total number of patients seen within the period.

Conclusion: This study identified the common reasons for encounter amongst our patients at the general outpatient. This will assist in the training of our medical students and resident doctors and effective planning of the general outpatient.

Recommendation: This study also brings to the fore the need to look into the challenges of the elderly to improve their health seeking behavior.
Myconanosynthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles from Talaromyces versatilis against Human Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Sowbakkiyalakshmi B.  , Kolanjinathan K.
Published: October 2023

Globally, there is a clinical problem caused by rising antibiotic resistance. The latest advances in biosynthesis have intrigued scientists and researchers as they investigate its potential against dangerous bacteria. The current emphasis is on myconanosynthesis, copper oxide nanoparticle (CuO NPs) characterization, and antibacterial efficacy. The extracellular biosynthetic approach we employed to create the CuO NPs was friendly to the environment. From agricultural soil samples, Talaromyces versatilis was isolated. They were comparing its 18s rDNA sequencing allowed for identification. Culture filtrate extracts of fungi were used as the reducing agents to synthesis the nanoparticles. XRD and DLS analysis were used to determine copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) size and material characteristics. When tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria from that Salmonella paratyphi, Serratia sp., and Enterococcus fecalis myconanosynthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) demonstrated a maximal zone of inhibition. Additionally, molecular in vivo research will aid in the creation of a novel wide-spectrum antibacterial drug.
POLİSTE BİR KAMU DENETÇİSİ FİGÜRÜ: AGORANOMOS
Authors: YILMAZCAN Defne , GÖZLÜ Ahmet
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada; Hellen polislerinde, agora adı verilen pazar yerlerinin denetçisi olarak öne çıkan agoranomosluk (ἀγορανόμος) kurumu irdelenmiştir. Bu irdeleme yapılırken öncelikle agoranomosların görev ve yetkileri, görev alanlarının kapsamı gibi temel sorular üzerinden hareket edilmiştir. Ayrıca konunun anlaşılabilmesi için agoranın tanımı ve önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Agoranomosluk kurumu incelenirken öncelikle antik kaynaklar, arkeolojik veriler (yazıt vb.), yabancı ve yerli kaynaklardan yararlanılmıştır. Bu kaynaklardan çıkarılan ortak kanıya göre, Hellen polislerinin merkezini agora denilen ve pazar yeri olarak bilinen kamusal mekânlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu mekânların denetimi ise özel bir önem arz etmektedir. Polisin gerek işlevselliği gerekse özgün mimari formu ile öne çıkan ve en önemli yapılarından biri olan agoralar, şüphesiz bir pazar yerinden çok daha fazlasıydı. Bu nedenle sıkı bir denetim gerektirmekteydi. Polisin sosyal, siyasal, ekonomik ve dini yaşamının merkezi olan agoraların denetimi ve düzeni için özel görevliler bulunmaktaydı. Agoranomos adı verilen bu görevliler agoraların bütün işlerinden sorumluydular. Görev tanımları polisten polise değişebilen agoranomoslar özellikle ticari maksatlı kurulan pazar yerlerinde görevlendirilmekteydiler. Ürünlerin kontrolünden, sosyal ilişkilere değin birçok sorumluluğu bulunan agoranomoslar, polis yaşamında oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptiler. Agoraların geliştiği ve her polisin ayrılmaz bir ögesi olduğu Klasik dönem ile birlikte her poliste bu tür görevliler bulunmaktaydı. Fakat Hellenistik Dönem ile birlikte yavaş yavaş kaybolmaya başlayan bu kurum Roma hâkimiyeti ile birlikte aedilis olarak devam etmiş ve nitekim imparator Diocletianus (İS 284-305) tarafından kaldırılmıştır.
Didáctica de la educación técnica industrial en los institutos de la zona sur y occidente de Honduras
Authors: Fiallos Gonzales Melvin Octavio , Fiallos Gonzales Leocadio
Published: October 2023

El artículo se acera al estudio sobre las diferentes estrategias de enseñanza de la educación técnica industrial en la educación media. La investigación ha sido realizada en las zonas sur y occidente de Honduras, el cual tiene como objetivo identificar las estrategias de enseñanza- aprendizaje, además de analizar su relación con el enfoque por competencias. Para alcanzar los objetivos de la investigación se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa descriptiva, además, se elaboró y  utilizó un cuestionario tipo Likert, con validación interna, como resultado del trabajo se puede concluir que la selección de las estrategias está en función de los requisitos del currículo, para alcanzar las competencias, enfatizando la planificación en función del profesor, las adecuaciones curriculares están presente las características del estudiante, con ello los contenidos deben de proporcionarse tal como aparecen, en el programa curricular.
Hanefi Usulüne Ehl-i hadis eleştirileri: İstihsan Delilinin Evrimi
Authors: VEKİLOĞLU Ömer
Published: October 2023

Hanefiler tarafından fıkıh usulüne kazandırılan istihsan delili, sıradan bir delil olmaktan ziyade zamanla donuk hükümlerin tatbikine çevrilen kıyas deliline bir alternatif aynı zamanda hukuka bir yanaşma tarzı, bir istidlal metodolojisidir. Meydana çıktığı zaman diliminde rasyonel bir metodu ihtiva edip hukukun maksat ve gayesi üzerinde odaklanan istihsan, fıkhın ilim olarak sistemleşmesinin erken dönemlerinden itibaren ehl-i hadis uleması tarafından ciddi eleştirilere maruz kalmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda istihsan delilinin bu tenkitlerin etkisi ile hem el-i re’y hem de hadis ekolünün usul geleneğinde geçirdiği değişim ele alınmıştır. Konumuz şu iki ana düşünce sistemi arasında hukuk alanında, özellikle metodolojik açıdan etkileşimin öğrenilmesi yönünden önemlidir. Konumuzun tabiatı gereği tahlil ve kıyaslamaları genel olarak mezheplerin ve onların hukuk metodolojilerinin biçimlenmesinin son bulduğu hicretin 5. yüzyılına kadar yazılan eserler üzerinden yürüttük. Hanefilerin istihsan değerlendirmelerine kaynak olarak mezkûr döneme kadarki füru’ ve usul eserlerini aldık. Ehl-i hadis düşüncesindeki temel eleştirileri bu ekolün en ideolojik simaları olan Muhammed b. İdris eş-Şâfiî ve Ahmed b. Hanbel ile beraber İbn Hazm’ın eserleri üzerinden ele aldık.
Investigación en el Departamento de Pediatría: Una herramienta necesaria
Authors: Salinas Rivas Abel
Published: October 2023

La pediatría como especialidad médica enfocada en la atención de los niños desde su nacimiento hasta la adolescencia se encarga de la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento de enfermedades y rehabilitación de lesiones que sucedan en este período. Nosotros, como departamento, estamos en constante búsqueda de la excelencia para brindar el mejor servicio a nuestros pacientes. Esto implica la realización de docencia,desarrollo de guías de prácticas clínicas y su adherencia, práctica de habilidades sociales para una buena relación médico- paciente, así como el ejercicio de la investigación.
Panel multiplex PCR como método de identificación de agentes virales respiratorios en paciente pediátricos: experiencia en un centro privado de salud
Authors: Orrego-Manrique Maria , Galdos-Bejar Marcelo , Salinas-Rivas Abel
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de virus respiratorios en la población pediátrica hospitalizada en un centro privadode salud durante el periodo 2022-2023. Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico retrospectivo. Se utilizó la base dedatos del laboratorio de la Clínica Internacional con todos los pacientes a quienes se les realizó la prueba Pneumovir desde mayo del 2022 hasta abril del 2023. Resultados: El 94% de las pruebas de PCR viral fueron positivas y el 20% deestas corresponden a coinfección viral; 52.1% fueron mujeres y el 64.7% de la población fue menor de 5 años. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, Influenza A, influenza A y B e influenza B corresponden en total al 58.5% de todas las muestras estudiadas y virus sincitial respiratorio está presente en el 31 % de las muestras obtenidas solo o asociado a otros virus.Dentro de las coinfecciones, la más común fue Influenza A y VSR, la cual representa el 11.1%. El 94% de la población oncológica resultó positiva a virus respiratorio y el 100% de pacientes con antecedente de parálisis cerebral infantil resultópositiva y con coinfección viral. Discusión: Mediante el panel Multiplex PCR se halló un alto porcentaje de infecciones y coinfecciones virales, esto es por la alta sensibilidad de la prueba, la deuda inmunológica y la tasa baja de vacunación en la población pediátrica. Conclusión: Es importante seguir realizando estudios de etiología viral mediante pruebas con mayorsensibilidad lo que nos permite tomar decisiones y establecer medidas de salud pública para disminuir la morbimortalidaden la población pediátrica a causa de estos agentes.
Factores asociados a la enfermedad de Sinding-Larsen-Johansson
Authors: Valencia-Chión Claudia F. , Fernandez-Umpire Darwin
Published: October 2023

Introducción: La enfermedad de Sinding-Larsen-Johansson (SLJ) es una osteocondrosis que conlleva a la osificación en la inserción proximal del tendón patelar en el polo inferior de la rótula, con síntomas variables e inespecíficos. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, aunque se complementa con la radiografía y resonancia. Objetivo: Determinar los factoresrelacionados a la enfermedad de Sinding Larsen Johansson en los pacientes atendidos en la Clínica Internacional. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, longitudinal y descriptivo. Se realizó la recolección de los factores clínicos, etiológicos y biomecánicos de los archivos digitales de las historias clínicas y de los sistemas de visualización CarestreamVue Motion y ZFP Viewer. Para determinar las frecuencias absolutas (n) y relativas (%) se utilizó Microsoft Excel y STATA-17. Resultados: La muestra fue de 34 casos, el 91.17% fueron varones, los niños y adolescentes fueron el 55.88%, el estadio radiológico más frecuente fue el tipo IV con 47.05%, el 23.53% presenta de manera concomitante la enfermedad de Osgood-Schlatter, el 50% practicaba actividad deportiva, la clínica fue aguda en el 73.53% y el 47.06% presentaba patelaalta. Conclusiones: La enfermedad de SLJ es una patología frecuente en edad pediátrica, es necesario reconocerla para brindar diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Siempre iniciar con una radiografía, y de ser necesario ampliar con resonancia magnética.
Características clínicas de la infección SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes hospitalizados en UCI pediátrica en una clínica privada en Lima, Perú
Authors: Arribas-García Paula , Agip-Padilla Pamela , Salinas-Rivas Abel
Published: October 2023

El presente estudio, es una serie de 32 casos de pacientes pediátricos que fueron hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivos Pediátrica de la Clínica Internacional y cuyos diagnósticos de ingreso incluyeron los términos “COVID-19” o“SARS-CoV-2”. Se dividió a los casos de acuerdo con la edad de los pacientes y de acuerdo al diagnóstico de alta como MIS-C o EK como grupo A y otros diagnósticos relacionados a COVID-19, como el grupo B. 19 (59.4%) de los pacientes incluidos fueron dados de alta con diagnóstico de MIS-C o EK, los 13 (40.6%) restantes fuerondados de alta con otros diagnósticos relacionados a COVID-19 no MIS-C. El 53% (n=17) de los pacientes fueron hombres. Los síntomas reportados con mayor frecuencia por los pacientes fueron fiebre (81.25%, n=26), síntomas respiratorios (68.8%, n=22), y síntomas gastrointestinales (56.3%, n=18). En el grupo 1 se evidenció una ligera predominancia por elsexo masculino de 68.42% (p=0.036). Asimismo, en este grupo se evidenció una menor frecuencia de comorbilidades en comparación al grupo 2 (43.11% vs 84.6%, p=0.016).
Sarcoma primario intracraneal de células fusiformes con características similares a las del rabdomiosarcoma en pacientes pediátricos: serie de casos 2020-2021
Authors: Melgar-Granados Francisco , Segundo Cabrera-Hipólito
Published: October 2023

El sarcoma primario intracraneal, es un tumor mesenquimal no meningoteliales de diferenciación incierta, aunque son similares a sus contrapartes de tejidos blandos, se encuentran regularmente en el SNC.1 Generalmente se reportan como metástasis de sarcomas extracraneales, siendo la presentación en el sistema nervioso central muy rara. Asimismo, larepresentación radiológica de este tumor se ve limitada por los pocos casos reportados en la literatura internacional, sobre todo en la población pediátrica. Se presenta una serie de 4 casos de pacientes pediátricos menores de 8años procedentes de Lima - Perú, quienes presentan cefalea intensa de inicio súbito asociado a vómitos continuos, en algunos con signos de focalización o cuadro convulsivo. Los estudios de resonancia magnética mostraron ensu mayoría una extensa lesión expansiva tumoral de aspecto sólido con engrosamiento y realce dural, localizados en la región supratentorial el 75% de los casos y de distribución periférica. Estas lesiones presentaron restricción al estudio de difusión y artefacto de susceptibilidad magnética de distribución periférica y central, sugerente desangrado no reciente, con extensión  intraparenquimal y con signos de hidrocefalia. Debido a que es una patología extremadamente rara con escasa publicaciones a nivel mundial, es importante la presentación de estos casos paraampliar la descripción radiológica y reducir los diagnósticos diferenciales, para determinar su manejo quirúrgico y sus controles posteriores debido a la alta tasa de recurrencia.
Colorism in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers: A study of the nation newspaper
Authors: Otieno Millicent Awuor
Published: October 2023

Colorism is discriminatory, as it excludes dark skin tones and elevates light skin tones. Studies have established the negative effects of colorism on different groups of people. Owing to the power of advertisements to influence and shape opinions, beliefs and perceptions, this study’s purpose was to determine colorism in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers. The research methodology encompassed the use of a case study design. The Nation print newspaper was studied because it is the most widely read newspaper in Kenya. Data was collected through the content analysis of all advertisements from January to April 2023. The study found out that light skin was the most preferred skin tone for males and females in the advertisements. However, more females than males in the advertisements were light-skinned, whereas more males than females were dark-skinned. This study concludes that colorism exists in advertisements in Kenyan print newspapers. The study recommends equal representations of color tones to mirror the composition of the Kenyan population.
Influence of the Impact of Education in View of Economic Development Planning and Investment on the Contribution of Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Fadlan Achmad
Published: October 2023

Islamic educational institutions have become a forum for developing meaningful educational values at present and in the future, following society and advances in science and technology. Muslim educational institutions engage in various aspects of life, such as economics, investment, and academic planning. To help improve education quality, education managers must continually enrich their knowledge and skills relevant to their work. Education growth will affect the economic development of a nation and vice versa; economic growth will affect education. Investment in education will significantly encourage sustainable economic development, which also requires organized planning to build solid Islamic educational institutions to produce competitive outputs.
Analysis of Counseling Barriers in Handling Bullying Cases in Senior High Schools
Authors: Khasanah Hestiana Dwi , Khotimah Husnul , Masse Indo , Annadia Indri
Published: October 2023

This research analyzes the obstacles of guidance and counseling teachers in handling bullying cases. The type of research used is descriptive. The research subject was SMA N 9 Jambi City, which had two guidance and counseling teachers. The sample for this research was one guidance and counseling teacher taken using a purposive sampling method (based on considerations). The data collection technique used interviews consisting of 2 questions that focused on observing the obstacles that guidance counselors had in handling bullying cases, namely that there were obstacles students did not want to tell the truth. Many students still did not dare to express the bullying they received. The data analysis technique comprehensively describes the interview results from the questions or questions asked.
Kontribusi Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kepuasan Dalam Menciptakan Loyalitas Konsumen
Authors: Surayya Laila
Published: October 2023

Persaingan bisnis semakin ketat disebabkan oleh pesatnya perkembangan globalisasi yang membuat tidak adanya jarak antar negara untuk berinteraksi, sehingga perusahaan multinasional pun ikut bersaing. Capella Daihatsu Padangsidimpuan sebagai salah satunya menargetkan meningkatkan pelayanan kepada pelanggan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, nilai harga, dan faktor emosional terhadap loyalitas yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan secara simultan dan parsial. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kausal komparatif dengan sampel sebanyak 100 orang dari populasi layanan pelanggan. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah survei dengan mengisi kuisioner dengan teknik analisis referensi linier sederhana dan berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hipotesis (H1) kepuasan mempengaruhi loyalitas secara signifikan, hipotesis 2 (H2) menunjukkan secara simultan kualitas pelayanan, nilai harga, dan faktor emosional mempengaruhi kepuasan secara signifikan. Secara parsial kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan, sedangkan nilai harga dan faktor emosional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan. Hipotesis 3 (H3) menunjukkan secara simultan kualitas pelayanan, nilai harga, dan faktor emosional mempengaruhi loyalitas secara signifikan. Secara parsial kualitas pelayanan dan faktor emosional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas, sedangkan nilai harga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas. Hipotesis 4 (H4) menunjukkan secara simultan kualitas pelayanan, nilai harga, dan faktor emosional mempengaruhi loyalitas yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan secara signifikan. Secara parsial faktor emosional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas yang dimediasi kepuasan, sedangkan kualitas pelayanan dan nilai harga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas yang dimediasi kepuasan. Kualitas pelayanan, nilai harga, dan faktor emosional mempengaruhi loyalitas yang dimediasi oleh kepuasan secara simultan mempunyai pengaruh sebesar 54,2% dan sisanya sebesar 45,8% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini.