bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the sustainable impacts of a clinical healthcare research scholarship programme
Authors: Whitehouse Claire L , Hall Helen , Shiju Mehar , Webster Jonathan , Yazbek Jonathan , Parslow-Williams Siobhan
Published: June 2024

Background:

The NHS is the first public body globally to commit to net zero.

Aim:

This study aimed to explore the environmental sustainability impact of a hospital scholarship programme.

Method:

A sustainable quality improvement value framework was used to measure the programme's environmental, social and financial effects.

Results:

The social impact through face-to-face contact was most valued by scholars; there were also savings in carbon emissions and costs.

Discussion:

Training in sustainability is essential for the workforce but little infrastructure and expertise are available within organisations to support staff to provide sustainable healthcare in day-to-day practice.

Conclusion:

Sustainable healthcare should be supported by education and national guidance and implementation plans should be drawn up to this end. The social impact of the framework used is often seen as less important than its environmental and financial components; however, as its value to scholars illustrates, the components are intertwined and should be considered of equal importance.
Injectable antiretroviral therapy: best practice guide for nurses providing care to people living with HIV
Authors: Panton Linda
Published: June 2024

Oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) is extremely effective, allowing people living with HIV to have a normal life expectancy. Most treatments consist of oral tablets that must be taken at the same time every day for the rest of an individual's life. For a variety of reasons, some people cannot adhere to a daily regimen, resulting in a deterioration in their health. The introduction in 2021 of long-acting injectable ART has provided an alternative option for those who would prefer not to take oral therapy. This article provides an overview of the practicalities and challenges of setting up nurse clinics to administer these injections. It also highlights how this type of treatment has improved the quality of life for people receiving them. HIV nurse specialists are leading the way in delivering this innovative new treatment, and the article concludes by discussing which patients may benefit from injectables in the future. This guide is aimed at nurses who work within the HIV field or are supporting this treatment in other settings, for example in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) services.
Compressed Fast Multipole Representations for Homogeneous 3-D Kernels
Authors: Adams R. J. , Young J. C. , Gedney S. D.
Published: June 2024

For homogeneous kernels, the memory requirements associated with H2 representations of integral equation matrices can be reduced by incorporating translational invariance. Starting with a non-translationally invariant H2 representation, this can be accomplished using a left/right iterative algorithm. In this paper, it is shown that a similar algorithm can also be used to compress an existing fast multipole method (FMM). It is observed that the iterative compression converges faster when used to compress an FMM than when it is applied to an H2 representation. Resulting savings in floating-point operations are indicated, and extensions of the reported method are discussed.
Bisexual erasure and homophobia: attitudinal patterns under consideration of sexual identity
Authors: Wurthmann L. Constantin , López Ortega Alberto
Published: June 2024

With the increasing visibility of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer and other (LGBTQ+) individuals, sociological debates about attitudes towards the group and their intergroup dynamics have intensified. This article investigates the link between factors explaining homophobia and negative attitudes towards bisexuals, often referred to as ‘biphobia’ or ‘bisexual erasure’, using original data collected in August 2021 from Germany (N = 1,342). The study reveals that while factors influencing homophobia and favouring bisexual erasure are similar, they are not identical. Our findings indicate that when bisexual (N = 72) and homosexual (N = 70) individuals are grouped together, they exhibit lower levels of homophobia compared to heterosexuals (N = 1,200). However, we find no significant difference between them and heterosexuals regarding bisexual erasure. This effect is primarily driven by homosexuals’ prejudice towards bisexuals. Furthermore, bisexuals, in comparison with homosexuals, are less likely to disagree with the notion that homosexuals are less capable of being good parents than heterosexuals.
Financing a Middle Class Utopia: Income and Retail Loans in Kathmandu
Authors: Haxby Andrew
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the role of private finance in shaping social class in Kathmandu. Over the past thirty years, Nepal has developed a robust financial sector, and its services have become vital for residents dealing with rising cost of living. However, in a city where informal income has long been the standard, private banks are making loans dependent on "modern" forms of income, that is, income which has been clearly documented and formally registered This paper argues that this financialization of income has created a new dimension to class politics in Kathmandu, wherein wealth must be bureaucratically legible to be recognized, where private banks attempt to monopolize this process of recognition, and where families search for new ways to maneuver around these requirements.
Energopolitics of Transition: The Political Ecology of Anticipation in the Portuguese Lithium Rush
Authors: Pusceddu Antonio Maria
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines the current mining revival in Europe, focusing on the dispute over lithium mining projects in Portugal. Lithium's growing role in energy storage explains its global speculative boom and its popularity in the socio-technological imaginary of the energy transition. In Portugal, lithium mining applications have skyrocketed in the last decade following the European call for the internal supply of critical raw materials. In 2018, the Portuguese government launched the National Lithium Strategy to assess potential resources and the feasibility of industrial development projects. The lithium rush has quickly become a controversial topic in national debates on energy transition and sustainable development. Community participation has also become an issue, as a highly centralized decisionmaking process has turned a politically sensitive issue into a technocratic matter, triggering opposition from local communities who remain aware of the socio-environmental legacy of past mining booms and busts. The analysis focuses on a specific case in 2019, when the lithium rush came to public attention, to unpack the politics of time underlying the mining revival and opposition to it in the context of the energy transition. The latter is examined as a field of negotiation, friction, and conflict through which the different temporalities of the European periphery are articulated. Highlighting the relevance of internal and external unequal relations for understanding the conflict over lithium, the article argues that while the case of Portugal exemplifies lithium onshoring in the Global North, it also shows that the making of internal resource frontiers for the energy transition builds on—and reinforces—historical dynamics of dispossession and peripheralization; and that such stratification of unequal relations finds temporal refraction in the ways socio-ecological futures are anticipated and imagined in the dispute over the energy transition.
The Adlerian Model: Core Theoretical Components
Authors: Rasmussen Paul R.
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Throughout history, most genuinely good ideas have been the same ideas, albeit presented differently by philosophers and theorists or presented only in part by different schools of thought. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Alfred Adler compiled good ideas and presented an elegant framework for understanding the human condition. A hundred years have passed, and nothing has suggested that Adler got it wrong or missed any critical factor. But as with any model, followers and theoretical visitors pick and choose their favorite elements of the theory and fail to understand the model’s core elements. Without a holistic understanding, the elegance and potential usefulness of the model can be lost. This article distinguishes the core theoretical components from more tangential aspects to provide a theoretical overview and useful model of the human condition, which should make the more tangential aspects of this model and other approaches more understandable and sensibly applied.
Early Recollections and the Use of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Borg Massimo , Bluvshtein Marina
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: This article explores the use of artificial intelligence–generated images in Adlerian work with clients’ early recollections. The history of AI, the current advances in the use of AI in health care, the risks and benefits of AI, and the directions for future studies and possible clinical use are addressed. A case example with the use of Midjourney-generated images is presented.
Louisa Jacobs and the St. Thomas Sanitary Committee Fair of 1864
Authors: Goodier Susan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This article explores the planning, execution, and outcome of a sanitary fair held by the ladies of the African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas for the benefit of sick and wounded colored soldiers in 1864 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. During months of preparation, the women of the committee expressed frustration with racist local limitations placed on them by multiple levels of governmental authority. Despite the proximity of the city to the largest military camp in the country for African American soldiers, this article reveals, members of the committee defiantly sent all their proceeds from the fair to Louisa Jacobs in Alexandria, Virginia. In her letter of gratitude, Jacobs made it clear to the committee that she distributed the proceeds in a way compatible with their advertised goals.
“We Have No Tribes” How Indigenous Boys Helped Close Philadelphia’s Indian Boarding School
Authors: Lannutti Lena
Published: June 2024

Abstract: For almost ten years at the end of the nineteenth century, the Educational Home and the Lincoln Institute operated in West Philadelphia as Indian boarding schools for indigenous boys and girls, respectively. With the support of the Indian Rights Association, a group of male students fought back against both the cultural erasure and the abuse that they encountered there. This article brings to life their forgotten story, arguing that the Educational Home’s unique spatial context in an urban landscape brought its students greater mobility, which in turn accelerated the school’s closure.
SESAM-assisted Kerr-lens mode-locked Cr:ZnS laser
Authors: Kowalczyk Maciej , Davydenko Ivan , Sotor Jaroslaw
Published: June 2024

Mode-locking in Cr:ZnS/Se lasers typically relies on Kerr-lensing (KLM) or semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). The former allows generation of shorter pulses, but, unlike the latter, does not support self-starting mode-locking. Here, we combine the advantages of these two techniques and demonstrate the first SESAM-assisted KLM Cr:ZnS laser. Our self-starting oscillator generates up to 1 W of average power with 54 fs pulses at a central wavelength of 2360 nm. We identify a general limitation for further pulse shortening in SESAM mode-locked Cr:ZnS/Se lasers, which is related to the finite operation bandwidth of the semiconductor absorbers. In our experiment, we fully exploit the potential of commercially available GaSb SESAMs and fill their entire reflection bands. Furthermore, we compare the performance of a SESAM-assisted KLM laser with a pure KLM oscillator producing broadband, yet not self-starting, 33 fs pulses with 780 mW power. We also show that the choice of saturable absorbers has a negligible impact on the laser intensity noise, which is record-low for Cr:ZnS/Se oscillators with sub-0.005 % integrated noise.
EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE WRITING MODEL: AN INTERVENTION FOR ENHANCING PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH SOCIO-EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS IN ORPHANAGES
Authors: Jati Sri Nugroho , Trisnawati Elly , Sanjani Resi Raf , Nurmaliza Tengku Haqy
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of emotional experience writing (EXPRIT) model in enhancing the problem-solving skills among adolescents with social-emotional problems in orphanages. The EXPRIT model is an intervention based on cognitive psychotherapy that can train adolescents’ socio-emotional problem-solving skills. The prevalence study found that 26.9% had behavioral disorders and 10.2% of emotional disorders of orphans were found in the 10-14 years old age group. Initial interviews conducted for this study indicated that children in the orphanage experienced problems such as difficulties in adapting at their environment in the orphanage and some emotional behavior problems. A total 15 participants from various orphanages were included in a one-group pre-test and post-test experimental design research. Problem-solving skills were assessed using an adapted “Teen Wellness Self-Assessment” scale. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The findings demonstrate a significant positive impact of the EXPRIT intervention on enhancing problem-solving skills in orphaned adolescent, t(14) = 4.503, p = .000; Cohen’s d = 1.163, suggesting substantial practical significance with potential implications for addressing socioemotional challenges in this population. Despite its promising results, this current study was limited byits small sample size. These findings highlightthe importance of targeted interventions in addressing the needs of orphaned youth dealing with socio-emotional problems
EXPERIENCE RISING FROM QUARTER-LIFE CRISIS: A PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY
Authors: Alfaruqy Muhammad Zulfa , Indrawati Endang Sri
Published: June 2024

Early adulthood is a vulnerable period to various problems in life. Various problems have the potential to lead individuals, especially in early adulthood, to a quarter-life crisis. This study aimed to understand the experience of falling and rising (resilience) from a quarter-life crisis. A phenomenological approach was used and involved seven participants (three men and four women) aged 25-29 years who generally have completed undergraduate education and had suicidal intentions. Collecting data using in-depth interviews. The results show that the participants who had suicidal intentions perceived that their parents’ parenting style was authoritarian, indicated by the excessive demands received. Participants are responding to this demand by rebelling against their parents. Rebellion, failure at work, and the breakdown of relationships with lovers brought them to a slump. Participants lost their purpose in life, felt depressed, and got suicidal intentions. Insight in the form of regret and hope for the future becomes a turning point in life. Acceptance from parents, peer group social support, and professional assistance are important factors in the process of recovering from the quarter-life crisis. Participants who exceed a crisis show a harmonious relationship with their parents and the opposite sex and work with the support of various parties. This research has implications for the urgency of communication and harmonious relations in the early adulthood phase, especially emerging adulthood.
I’M ALWAYS ONLINE: PROBLEMATIC INTERNET USE AND RISK FACTORS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Nur Rahmawati Ajeng Intan
Published: June 2024

This study aims to reveal the risk factors that cause Problematic Internet Use (PIU) in children. This surveyresearch used a cross sectional design by giving questionnaires Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale 2(GPIUS2), Interpersonal Skill Competence, and Achievement Motivation Scale to 278 participants. Participantswere obtained using quota sampling with the criteria, namely, elementary school students aged 9-12 years. Theresearch subjects who were netted in the first phase are re-screened with the new inclusion criteria who wereidentified as having PIU with only moderate to very high hypothetical categories. As many as, 98 students whoexperienced PIU were obtained and were used as the final research subject. The results showed that as many as86 students or equivalent to 30.93% had fallen into the category of experiencing problematic internet usetendencies and as many as 12 students or equivalent to 4.31% were in the heavy category of dependence on theinternet (Internet Dependence). Besides that, Interpersonal skills and achievement motivation together wereshown to have a negative effect on PIU, t(97) = -1.45, p < .05, and t(97) = -1.58, p < .05, respectively. Based onthese results, counselors should be able to provide preventive and curative services, in order to maintain optimalgrowth and development in children.
Karakteristik Sintesis Zeolit Dari Pemanfaatan Limbah Daun Nipah dan Alumunium Foil Bekas
Authors: Jayana Rena , Fadlilah Ilma , Prasadi Oto
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik zeolit sintesis dari pemanfaatan limbah daun nipah (Nypa frutycans wurmb) dan alumunium foil bekas. Berdasarkan hasil uji FTIR menunjukkan  Zeolit Sintesis Rasio 1 (ZSR-1) dan Zeolit Sintesis Rasio 2 (ZSR-2) telah memenuhi semua spektra pada daerah serapan indikator terbentuknya zeolit sintesis. Karakteristik zeolit sintesis berdasarkan SEM menunjukkan ZSR-1 masuk kategori zeolit NaX sedangkan ZSR-2 merupakan zeolit NaY. Hasil uji EDX menunjukkan ZSR-1 dan ZSR-2  merupakan jenis zeolit kaya akan alumunium dengan nilai rasio Si/Al 0,07 % untuk ZSR-1 serta 0,25 % untuk ZSR-2. Karateristik ZSR-2 lebih optimum jika dibandingkan ZSR-1. Hasil uji FTIR menunjukkan bahwa panjang gelombang ZSR-2 pada vibrasi ulur simetri internal O-Si-O/O-Al-O lebih tinggi yaitu 725,23 cm-1  jika dibandingkan ZSR-1 yang hanya 663,51 cm-1. Hal ini menunjukkan indikasi bahwa ZSR-2 memiliki rasio Si/Al lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan ZSR-1. Hal ini dikonfirmasi oleh hasil EDX yang menunjukkan hasil rasio Si/Al untuk ZSR-2 lebih besar yaitu 0,25 % jika dibandingkan rasio Si/Al dari ZSR-1 yang hanya 0,07 %. Hasil uji SEM menunjukkan Zeolit NaY (ZSR-2 berbentuk kubus) memiliki pori lebih besar dibandingkan zeolit NaX (ZSR-1 berbentuk tidak beraturan) serta pada temperatur tinggi zeolit NaY lebih stabil dan lebih aktif dibandingkan zeolit NaX.  The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of synthetic zeolite from the utilization of nipah leaf waste (Nypa frutycans wurmb) and used aluminum foil. Based on the results of the FTIR test, it was shown that the Synthetic Zeolite Ratio 1 (ZSR-1) and the Synthetic Zeolite Ratio 2 (ZSR-2) fulfilled all the spectra in the indicator absorption area for the formation of synthetic zeolite. The characteristics of synthetic zeolite based on SEM showed that ZSR-1 was categorized as NaX zeolite, while ZSR-2 was NaY zeolite. The results of the EDX test showed that ZSR-1 and ZSR-2 were types of zeolite rich in aluminum with a Si/Al ratio of 0.07% for ZSR-1 and 0.25% for ZSR-2. The characteristics of ZSR-2 are more optimum when compared to ZSR-1. The FTIR test results showed that the wavelength of ZSR-2 in the stretching vibration of internal symmetry O-Si-O/O-Al-O was higher, namely 725,23 cm-1 compared to ZSR-1 which was only 663,51 cm-1. This indicates that ZSR-2 has a higher Si/Al ratio than ZSR-1. This was confirmed by the EDX results which showed that the Si/Al ratio for ZSR-2 was greater, namely 0.25%, compared to the Si/Al ratio for ZSR-1 which was only 0.07%. SEM test results showed that NaY Zeolite (cuboid ZSR-2) has larger pores than NaX zeolite (ZSR-1 irregular shape) and at high temperatures NaY zeolite is more stable and more active than NaX zeolite.
Analisis Minyak Terpentin Hasil Penyulingan di Pabrik Gondorukem dan Terpentin Sindangwangi
Authors: Rosalinda S. , Sumirat Riska
Published: June 2024

Minyak terpentin merupakan salah satu komonitas ekspor yang potensial. Minyak terpentin yang diperoleh dari getah pinus merkusii mengandung α-Pinene yang digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi. Pentingnya peranan minyak terpentin dalam berbagai industri dipengaruhi oleh kualitasnya khususnya komponen kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komponen kimia minyak terpentin dan kualitasnya di Pabrik Gondorukem dan Terpentin (PGT) Sindangwangi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratorium dengan analisis deskriptif dan studi literatur pada jurnal terakreditasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12-16 komponen terpentin teridentifikasi. Komponen kimia minyak terpentin terdiri dari α-Pinena, Kamfena, β-Pinena, β-Mirsena, Dihidro-4-karena, δ-Karena, Simol, Limonena, γ-Terpinena, α-Terpinolena, α-Pinena oksida, Thujol dan Verbenol α-Tujen, β-Palandrena, Cinema, dan Humulena. Selain itu, terpentin memiliki bau yang khas, berwarna transparan, dan kandungan α-pinene sebesar 83,28%, massa jenis 0,888 Kg/m3 dan VOC 1,07%.   Turpentine oil is one of the potential export commodities in Indonesia. Turpentine oil obtained from the sap of Pinus merkusii contains α-pinene, which is used for various applications. The important role of turpentine oil in various industries is influenced by its quality, especially the chemical components. This study aims to identify the chemical components of turpentine oil and its quality at the Sindangwangi Gondorukem and Turpentine Factory (PGT), West Java. This research used a laboratory experimental method with descriptive analysis and a literature study in accredited journals. The results showed that 11–14 turpentine components were identified. The chemical components of turpentine oil consist of α-Pinene, Kamfena, β-Pinene, β-Mirsena, Dihydro-4-carene, δ-Carene, Simol, Limonena, γ-Terpinene, α-Terpinolene, α-Pinene oxide, Thujol and Verbenol, α-Tujen, β-Palandrena, Cinema, and Humulena. In addition, turpentine oil has a distinctive odor, transparency, and α-pinene content of 83.28%, a density of 0.888 kg/m3, and a VOC of 1.07%.
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Alcea kurdica flower, leaf and root aqueous and organic extracts
Authors: H. Abdulqader Dilbreen , R. AL-Zubaydi Sami , Jawad Kadhim Enas
Published: June 2024

Global concerns are rising due to complications associated with the use of chemical agents and antibiotic resistance. Consequently, research focus has shifted towards the quest for effective agents of biological origin. The aim of the present study was to assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of aqueous and organic extracts derived from various parts of Alcea kurdica. Different parts of A. kurdica were obtained and prepared into leaf, flower and root powders. The powders were extracted with aqueous and organic solvents. The antimicrobial activity of these extracts was assessed against bacterial pathogens using the agar well-diffusion assay. Additionally, the antioxidant effects of the extracts were evaluated using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and resazurin dye scavenging assays. The results showed dose-dependent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for both the organic and aqueous leaf and floral extracts. Furthermore, an antioxidant effect (>80%) was also observed for the organic and water extracts of the flowers, leaves and roots of the plant at the highest concentration (500 µg/ml), as compared to ascorbic acid, which served as the positive control using both the DPPH and resazurin methods. The findings of this study highlighted that A. kurdica can be considered a rich source of potential antioxidant and antibacterial agents, warranting future investigation to identify its active ingredients.
An overview on pharmacological, ethnomedicinal, and phytochemical investigations of Zygophyllum gaetulum Emb. & Maire - an endemic species of southeast of Morocco
Authors: Janah Iman , Elhasnaoui Abdelhadi , Ben Bammou Mohamed , Amssayef Ayoub , Eddouks Mohamed
Published: June 2024

Zygophyllum gaetulum Emb. Maire (Zygophyllaceae), commonly known as "El Aggaya" or "El Berraya", is a medicinal plant Indigenous to the Moroccan Sahara. It exhibits endemic characteristics and is notably prevalent in the Drâa-Tafilalet region. Within Moroccan folk medicine, this plant holds a reputation for its efficacy in treating various ailments. It is recognized for its traditional applications in alleviating stomach pain, and addressing eczema and dermatitis, and stands out as one of the frequently employed plants for managing diabetes. The purpose of this review paper was to highlight the importance of Zygophyllum gaetulum (Z. gaetulum) by summarizing the literature investigations reported on various ethnopharmacological and phytochemical aspects as well as biological properties to stimulate interest in promoting its domestication and commercialization for global markets. The data and information on Z. gaetulum were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as Springer, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, Tailor and Francis, and Google Scholar. The phytochemical screening of the different parts of Z. gaetulum indicates that the leaves are rich in saponins (bisdesmosidic triterpene saponins), terpenes, and sterols. 33 compounds were identified from fruits, leaves, and stem roots. They are generally composed of terpenoids, such as caryophyllene E, decanone, and bornylacetate. In addition, Z. gaetulum demonstrated several biological properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. These activities allow the application of Z. gaetulum in the medicinal field. Hence, it is crucial to conduct thorough investigations into the phytochemical composition of the plant and to assess its pharmacological activity. This approach is essential for future drug discovery and development endeavors.
Biophysical and biochemical bases of resistance to Maruca vitrata L. in selected vegetable cowpea genotypes
Authors: Sruthi Mirala , Behera Pravasini , Mukherjee S. K. , Samal T. , Tripathy P. , Samal K. C.
Published: June 2024

Host plant resistance is a crucial factor in mitigating the damages caused by Maruca vitrata, the most devastating pest of vegetable cowpea, commonly known as the legume pod borer. Understanding the biophysical and biochemical aspects of resistance is essential for developing methods to breed insect pest resistance in germplasm. To identify genotypes with diverse traits associated with resistance to this pest, we investigated the biophysical and biochemical traits implicated in conferring resistance to M. vitrata across ten accessions of vegetable cowpea, alongside resistant and susceptible check. Trichomes on pods emerged as a pivotal aspects of resistance in these genotypes, exhibiting a significant negative correlation with the percentage of seed damage inflicted by M. vitrata. In our study, genotypes with higher pod trichome density showed a reduction in seed damage caused by the pest. Additionally, a high phenol concentration and low levels of total sugars and proteins were associated with resistance to M. vitrata. Vegetable cowpea genotypes characterized by abundant pod trichomes and elevated phenol level hold promise for breeding efforts aimed at developing cultivars resistant to M. vitrata.
DNA methylation changes during a sprint interval exercise performed under normobaric hypoxia or with blood flow restriction: A pilot study in men
Authors: Solsona Robert , Normand‐Gravier Tom , Borrani Fabio , Bernardi Henri , Sanchez Anthony M. J.
Published: June 2024

This crossover study evaluated DNA methylation changes in human salivary samples following single sprint interval training sessions performed in hypoxia, with blood flow restriction (BFR), or with gravity‐induced BFR. Global DNA methylation levels were evaluated with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Methylation‐sensitive restriction enzymes were used to determine the percentage methylation in a part of the promoter of the gene‐inducible nitric oxide synthase (p‐iNOS), as well as an enhancer (e‐iNOS). Global methylation increased after exercise (p < 0.001; dz = 0.50). A tendency was observed for exercise × condition interaction (p = 0.070). Post hoc analyses revealed a significant increase in global methylation between pre‐ (7.2 ± 2.6%) and postexercise (10.7 ± 2.1%) with BFR (p = 0.025; dz = 0.69). Methylation of p‐iNOS was unchanged (p > 0.05). Conversely, the methylation of e‐iNOS increased from 0.6 ± 0.4% to 0.9 ± 0.8% after exercise (p = 0.025; dz = 0.41), independently of the condition (p > 0.05). Global methylation correlated with muscle oxygenation during exercise (r = 0.37, p = 0.042), while e‐iNOS methylation showed an opposite association (r = −0.60, p = 0.025). Furthermore, p‐iNOS methylation was linked to heart rate (r = 0.49, p = 0.028). Hence, a single sprint interval training increases global methylation in saliva, and adding BFR tends to increase it further. Lower muscle oxygenation is associated with augmented e‐iNOS methylation. Finally, increased cardiovascular strain results in increased p‐iNOS methylation.
Hypertension is associated with reduced resting‐state medial temporal lobe dynamic network flexibility in older African Americans
Authors: Gills Joshua L. , Napoleon Darian A. , Budak Miray , Fausto Bernadette A. , Gluck Mark A. , Malin Steven K.
Published: June 2024

Hypertension disproportionately affects African Americans and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the relationship of blood pressure (BP) with medial temporal lobe (MTL) dynamic network flexibility (a novel AD biomarker) and cognitive generalization in older African Americans. In a cross‐sectional study, 37 normotensive (systolic BP <130 mmHg, 82.5% F, 64.4 ± 4.9 years; 14.3 ± 2.1 years of education) versus 79 hypertensive (systolic BP ≥130 mmHg, 79.5% F, 66.8 ± 4.1 years; 14.0 ± 0.2 years of education) participants were enrolled. All participants completed a 10‐min resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to assess MTL dynamic network flexibility and two generalization tasks to assess cognition. Anthropometrics and aerobic fitness (via 6‐min walk test) were also determined. There was no difference in BMI (29.7 ± 6.4 vs. 31.9 ± 6.3 kg/m2, p = 0.083) or aerobic fitness (15.5 ± 2.6 vs. 15.1 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min; p = 0.445) between normotensive and hypertensive groups. However, normotensive participants had higher MTL dynamic network flexibility compared to hypertensive participants (0.42 ± 0.23 vs. 0.32 ± 0.25 mL, p = 0.040), and this was associated with higher mean arterial blood pressure (r = −0.21, p = 0.036). Therefore, hypertensive older African Americans demonstrated lower MTL dynamic network flexibility compared to their normotensive counterparts independent of BMI and aerobic fitness. Further studies are required to determine how blood pressure mediates AD risk in African Americans.
A case report on the physiological responses to extreme heat during Sicily's July 2023 heatwave
Authors: Filingeri Davide , Valenza Alessandro , Ficarra Salvatore , Filingeri Victoria , Worsley Peter R. , Bianco Antonino
Published: June 2024

July 2023 has been confirmed as Earth's hottest month on record, and it was characterized by extraordinary heatwaves across southern Europe. Field data collected under real heatwave periods could add important evidence to understand human adaptability to extreme heat. However, field studies on human physiological responses to heatwave periods remain limited. We performed field thermo‐physiological measurements in a healthy 37‐years male undergoing resting and physical activity in an outdoor environment in the capital of Sicily, Palermo, during (July 21; highest level of local heat‐health alert) and following (August 10; lowest level of local heat‐health alert) the peak of Sicily's July 2023 heatwave. Results indicated that ~40 min of outdoor walking and light running in 33.8°C Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) conditions (July 21) resulted in significant physiological stress (i.e., peak heart rate: 209 bpm; core temperature: 39.13°C; mean skin temperature: 37.2°C; whole‐body sweat losses: 1.7 kg). Importantly, significant physiological stress was also observed during less severe heat conditions (August 10; WBGT: 29.1°C; peak heart rate: 190 bpm; core temperature: 38.48°C; whole‐body sweat losses: 2 kg). These observations highlight the physiological strain that current heatwave conditions pose on healthy young individuals. This ecologically‐valid empirical evidence could inform more accurate heat‐health planning.
Modified quasilinear equations with strongly singular and critical exponential nonlinearity
Authors: Biswas Reshmi , Goyal Sarika , Sreenadh Konijeti
Published: June 2024

In this article, we study global multiplicity result for a class of modified quasilinear singular equations involving the critical exponential growth:

−
Δ
u
−
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(

u

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)

u

=

λ

(

α

(

x

)

u

−
q

+
f

(

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)

)

in

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,

u

>

0

in

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,

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=

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,

\left\{\begin{array}{rcl}-\Delta u-\Delta \left({u}^{2})u& =& \lambda (\alpha \left(x){u}^{-q}+f\left(x,u))\hspace{0.33em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\Omega ,\\ u& \gt & 0\hspace{1em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\Omega ,\\ u& =& 0\hspace{1em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{on}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\partial \Omega ,\end{array}\right.

where

Ω

\Omega

is a smooth bounded domain in

R

2

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{2}

,

0
<
q
<
3

0\lt q\lt 3

, and

α
:
Ω
→

(

0
,
+
∞

)

\alpha :\Omega \to \left(0,+\infty )

such that

α
∈

L

∞

(

Ω

)

\alpha \in {L}^{\infty }\left(\Omega )

. The function

f
:
Ω
×
R
→
R

f:\Omega \times {\mathbb{R}}\to {\mathbb{R}}

is continuous and enjoys critical exponential growth of the Trudinger-Moser type. Using a sub-super solution method, we show that there exists some

Λ

*

>
0

{\Lambda }^{* }\gt 0

such that for all

λ
∈

(

0
,

Λ

*

)

\lambda \in \left(0,{\Lambda }^{* })

, the problem has at least two positive solutions, for

λ
=

Λ

*

\lambda ={\Lambda }^{* }

, the problem achieves at least one positive solution for

λ
>

Λ

*

,

\lambda \gt {\Lambda }^{* },

and the problem has no solutions.
Limit profiles and the existence of bound-states in exterior domains for fractional Choquard equations with critical exponent
Authors: Ye Fumei , Yu Shubin , Tang Chun-Lei
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to studying the existence of positive solutions to the following fractional Choquard equation:

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
+
u
=

∫

Ω

∣
u

(

y

)

∣

p

∣
x
−
y
∣

N
−
α

d
y

∣
u
∣

p
−
2

u
+
ε

∫

Ω

∣
u

(

y

)

∣

2

α
,
s

*

∣
x
−
y
∣

N
−
α

d
y

∣
u
∣

2

α
,
s

*

−
2

u
,

in

Ω
,

u
=
0
,

on

R

N

\
Ω
,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}{\left(-\Delta )}^{s}u+u=\left(\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{\Omega }\frac{{| u(y)| }^{p}}{{| x-y| }^{N-\alpha }}{\rm{d}}y\right){| u| }^{p-2}u+\varepsilon \left(\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{\Omega }\frac{{| u(y)| }^{{2}_{\alpha ,s}^{* }}}{{| x-y| }^{N-\alpha }}{\rm{d}}y\right){| u| }^{{2}_{\alpha ,s}^{* }-2}u,& \hspace{0.1em}\text{in}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}\Omega ,\\ u=0,& \hspace{0.1em}\text{on}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}\backslash \Omega \right,\end{array}\right.

where

Ω

\Omega

is an exterior domain with smooth boundary

∂
Ω
≠
∅

\partial \Omega \ne \varnothing

such that

R

N

\
Ω

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}\backslash \Omega

is bounded,

N
>
2
s
,
2
<
p
<

2

α
,
s

*

N\gt 2s,2\lt p\lt {2}_{\alpha ,s}^{* }

,

2

α
,
s

*

≔

N
+
α

N
−
2
s

{2}_{\alpha ,s}^{* }:= \frac{N+\alpha }{N-2s}

is the fractional Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev critical exponent, and

ε
>
0

\varepsilon \gt 0

is a parameter. We establish the limit profiles and uniqueness of positive radial ground-states for the limit equation without the critical exponent as

α

\alpha

sufficiently close to

N

N

. Then, combining variational method, barycentric functions, and Brouwer degree theory, we determine the existence of positive bound-state solutions provided that

ε
>
0

\varepsilon \gt 0

is sufficiently small.
Towards a Protective Condictio? The Bank M Case in the Prism of Restitutory Remedies: A Reconstructive Proposal
Authors: Corletto Francesca
Published: June 2024

The aim of the paper is to provide a reconstructive reading of the case Bank M in the light of the core principles of the system of protection established by Directive 93/13, as well as, more generally, the regulation of restitutionary remedies derivable from national laws and the general principles of EU law. The analysis takes particularly into account the Italian civil lawyer’s point of view, as before the advent of Bank M, the Italian Supreme Court had already ruled on the same subject, establishing an unprecedented version of the condictio: an asymmetrical condictio, which has been defined, with a significant expression, as ‘protective condictio indebiti’. Since both Courts allow the non professional party to pursue restitutory claims to which the professional party is not entitled as well, one might be led to believe that the same starting question was resolved in the same way in both cases, and therefore that, as a result of the case Bank M, a ‘protective condictio indebiti’ such as that established by the Italian Supreme Court can be said to have been established (also) in European contract law. However, for the reasons to be explained below, it is believed that the CJEU did not intend to introduce a unilateral or asymmetrical claim for recovery of undue payment, but merely permitted the consumer to demand what, under domestic law, he or she would have obtained by exercising the general action of unjust enrichment. It will be seen how the general content of restitutory protection is articulated in the system established by the UCTD, in the light of the most relevant ECJ’s case-law on this subject, with the ultimate aim of verifying whether the ‘protective condictio indebiti’ outlined by Italian case-law can enter fully into European contract law.156
Moisture distribution change and quality characteristics of ultrasound enhanced heat pump drying on carrot
Authors: Wang Xueqing , Han Meng , Peng Chengnuo , Xie Anguo , Fan Xiaoyan , Liu Yunhong
Published: June 2024

The study aims at investigating the impact of ultrasound enhancement on the water change and quality characteristics of dried carrots by heat pump drying (HPD). The results showed that ultrasound had obvious strengthening effect on the drying and dehydration process of HPD, but there was an attenuation effect of ultrasound in the propagation process of materials, and the magnetic resonance imaging results could visually demonstrate the change and migration of moisture inside carrot slices. Higher drying temperature and ultrasonic power could cause more micropores and higher content of polyphenols, flavonoids and niacin of carrot slices. Conversely, the elevated drying temperature reduced rehydration ratio. β-carotene content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing due to excessive temperature and ultrasonic power. Based on AHP-CRTITC method, the highest comprehensive score was attained at drying temperature of 60 °C and ultrasonic power of 80 W. Therefore, the reinforcement effect of ultrasound on HPD process could significantly enhance dehydration rate and improve product quality.
Questionable accuracy of four ELISA kits in serum Netrin-1 measurement
Authors: Cai Minqi , Zheng Qian , Chen Yiqiang , Liu Siyuan , Zhu Huimin , Bai Bing
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Altered serum Netrin-1 levels have been widely reported in cancer and other clinical diseases and they are often measured by commercial ELISA kits. However, we found the questionable results using these kits and therefore performed this simple study to evaluate their accuracy in detection of serum Netrin-1.

Methods

Four commonly used commercial kits were collected. The kit standards were serially diluted or spiked into serum samples. The cells with confirmed expression of Netrin-1 and their culture medium, as well as the Netrin-1 controls of each kit were used for the kits to detect. The cell lysate samples and the kit controls were also blotted on a nitrocellulose membrane for detection antibodies of each kit to probe.

Results

Detection of the Netrin-1 standards in serum by each kit were all affected. Only one kit was able to detect Netrin-1 in the cell lysate or medium. No ELISA kits could detect all Netrin-1 controls of the four kits. None of the detection antibodies correctly probed Netrin-1 in the dot blot.

Conclusions

The accuracy of these four Netrin-1 ELISA kits is under question. Reported serum Netrin-1 levels based on measurements by these kits need be carefully interpreted.
Enhancing cooperativity of molecular J-aggregates by resonantly coupled dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Marangi Marco , Wang Yutao , Wu Mengfei , Tjiptoharsono Febiana , Kuznetsov Arseniy I. , Adamo Giorgio , Soci Cesare
Published: June 2024

J-aggregates are supramolecular assemblies of dyes exhibiting strong absorption and fluorescence with narrow linewidths, as well as large optical nonlinearities, induced by the formation of largely delocalized molecular excitons. The degree of cooperativity achievable in J-aggregates ensembles, however, is limited by local disorder and thermally induced decoherence effects. A way to overcome these limitations and increase molecular exciton delocalization and coherence is to couple the ensemble of highly ordered molecular dipoles to a common electromagnetic mode in an optical resonator. In this work, we use dielectric metasurfaces to alter the radiative properties of coupled J-aggregate films and demonstrate a 5-fold Purcell enhancement of the luminesce intensity and narrowing of the emission directivity down to ∼300 mrad around the normal. These results highlight the potential of designer dielectric metasurfaces to foster the emergence of cooperative phenomena in excitonic systems, including optical nonlinearities and superradiance.
Crystal structure of 1-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-2,3-bis(diphenylphosphoryl)propan-1-one, C35H33NO3P2
Authors: Xing Qianlu , Ao Junhao , Jin Xin , Huang Qiang
Published: June 2024

C35H33NO3P2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.9926(3) Å, b = 20.7065(10) Å, c = 23.5675(12) Å, V = 2924.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, T = 300 K, Rgt
(F) = 0.0440, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1232.
Outcome of patients with peritoneal metastasis from ovarian cancer treated with Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Foslund Ingrid Terese , von Magius Sahra Aisha Vinholt , Ainsworth Alan Patrick , Detlefsen Sönke , Fristrup Claus Wilki , Knudsen Anja Oer , Mortensen Michael Bau , Tarpgaard Line Schmidt , Jochumsen Kirsten Marie , Graversen Martin
Published: June 2024

Objectives

There are few data on Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy with cisplatin and doxorubicin (PIPAC C/D) in women with primary unresectable or recurrent platinum-resistant peritoneal metastasis (PM) from ovarian cancer (OC). We evaluated survival, histological and cytological response, Quality of Life (QoL) and toxicity after PIPAC C/D in these patients.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of patients from the prospective PIPAC-OPC1 and -OPC2 studies. The histological response was evaluated by the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS). QoL questionnaires were collected at baseline and after third PIPAC or 60 days. Adverse events were collected until 30 days after the last PIPAC. Demographic and survival data were analysed based on intention to treat. Response, QoL and toxicity were analysed per protocol (≥1 PIPAC).

Results

Twenty-nine patients were included. Five patients (17 %) were non-accessible at PIPAC 1. One patient was excluded due to liver metastases at PIPAC 1. Thus, 23 patients had 76 PIPACs (median 2, range 1–12). Median overall survival was 8.2 months (95 % CI 4.4–10.3) from PIPAC 1. Biopsy data were available for 22 patients, and seven (32 %) patients had a major/complete histological response (PRGS≤2) at PIPAC 3. No cytological conversions were registered. Symptoms and function scores worsened, while emotional scores improved. Three patients had severe adverse reactions (two ileus, one pulmonary embolism); no life-threatening reactions or treatment-related mortality was observed.

Conclusions

PIPAC C/D was feasible and induced histological regression in a substantial proportion of patients with platinum-resistant PM from OC. Larger studies are needed to evaluate impact on survival.
Botanical Portraits: On a 1935 Argentinean Book by Ilse von Rentzell with Photographs by Anatole Saderman
Authors: Pestarino Julieta
Published: June 2024

In 1935, the Argentine-German botanist Ilse von Rentzell (1893–1985) published the book “Maravillas de nuestras plantas indígenas y algunas exóticas” (Wonders of our Indigenous Plants and Some Exotic Plants) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, illustrated with photographs taken by the Russian photographer Anatole Saderman (1904–1993). The publication of this book was entirely selffinanced by Von Rentzell herself, and it is one of the first in Argentina to include such a large number of photographs with this much prominence. The collaborative photographic work developed by these authors goes beyond the images included in the book. Working together, they created a corpus of photographs that each of them used in the following years to enhance their personal careers. At the time, these photographs of plants represented a break in Argentine photography, building bridges with the genealogy of botanical photographic publications in other parts of the world.
„[…] [I]hre Bilderschätze mehr und mehr bekannt machen“: Zu den Fotokampagnen Victor Angerers und Josef Löwys in der Gemäldegalerie der Wiener Akademie
Authors: Cordts Viktoria
Published: June 2024

Das Kupferstichkabinett der Akademie der bildenden Künste Wien erweiterte 2022 seine Sammlungsbestände um Reproduktionsfotografien und Glasplattennegative zu Werken der Gemäldegalerie der Wiener Akademie, deren Erschließung neue Erkenntnisse zum Umgang hiesiger Kunstsammlungen mit Reproduktionsanfragen im letzten Drittel des 19. und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts lieferten. Die Bestände sollten der allgemeinen Öffentlichkeit sowie der kunstwissenschaftlichen Forschung zugänglich gemacht werden. Zugleich rückt die Arbeit der Fotografen Victor Angerer und Josef Löwy in den Fokus, deren Engagement mit dem Erhalt der Reproduktions- und Vervielfältigungsrechte zu den Werken der Akademiebildsammlung vornehmlich kommerziellen Interesses waren und die institutionellen Ziele in den Schatten stellten. Dies ließ sich auch an der Weiternutzung der Löwy-Negative durch den Kunstverlag Wolfrum bis in die 1920er Jahre nachweisen.