bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Regeneration Condition on Physical and Chemical Properties of High Temperature Coal Gas Desulfurization Sorbent
Authors: Yang Lei , Ju Shang Guan , Gao Yu Kun , Hu Yan Hui
Published: February 2014

Physical and chemical properties are closely related to desulfurization, regeneration performance and cycle stability for high temperature coal gas desulfurizer. This review focuses on influence rules of changes in regeneration atmosphere, temperature and space velocity on physical and chemical properties. A large number of experimental researches have shown that regeneration atmosphere, regeneration temperature, space velocity have an important influence on mechanical strength, active component and texture change for high temperature coal gas desulfurizer. The different regeneration atmosphere obviously results in different active ingredients for desulfurization sorbent after regeneration, and regeneration at a higher regeneration temperature will easily cause desulfurizer sintering, as well as small regeneration space velocity can lead to the formation of sulfates. In order to make the circulatory system of sulfidation-regeneration-sulfidation need to the requirements in industrial application, the further research of influence rules of regeneration condition on physical and chemical properties will be crucial.
Statistical Analyses on Usage of Water Heater in Urban Residential Buildings
Authors: Zhou Zhao Xia
Published: February 2014

A survey for water heater in urban residential buildings is carried in Wuhan. The results show that more than 40% subjects use solar energy water heat. More than 20% subjects point out the energy consumption of water heater should be decreased. There are about 24.8% subjects take initial cost as the first place when they chose water heater. 44.2% subjects know about heat pump water heater, but they could not buy it if the initial cost is too high. There are 84% subjects could select heat pump water heater when the cost is no more 20% high than the average price of the common water heaters. Moreover, the energy consumptions of residential water heaters are also investigated. The energy consumption characteristics of water heater in Wuhan are analyzed.
Utilizing Thermoelectric Heat Pump to Heat Recovery of Shower Waste Water
Authors: Xiao Sheng Hao , Luo Qing Hai , Li Gao Feng
Published: February 2014

The discharge of the shower wastewater is not only caused energy waste, but also caused a certain thermal pollution to the environment. The thermoelectric heat pump system, compared with the electric heating device, has a more effective output of heat energy. By recycling heat of shower wastewater, it can be both energy-saving and environmental. With a growing ratio of the energy consumption of hot water, the thermoelectric heat pump system may give us a new perspective in the area of waste heat recovery and energy efficiency in buildings.
Evaluation for Relevant Factors of Technological Innovation Performance of Petroleum Enterprise from View of Collaborative Innovation
Authors: Shao Qiang , Li You Jun , Wang Jin
Published: February 2014

Based on the theory of collaborative innovation and factors affecting enterprise technological innovation, combined with the actual situation of the petroleum enterprises, the performance evaluation model for petroleum enterprises collaborative technological innovation is built by using structural equations, enterprise data of sample enterprises is collected by using questionnaire. With empirical analysis for collaborative technological innovation performance of sample enterprises, factors affecting petroleum enterprise collaborative technological innovation are identified. It will provide the basis for making out measures to enhance petroleum enterprise collaborative technological innovation performance.
The Development Prospects and Recommendations of China's Hot Dry Rock Development
Authors: Zhou Da Tong , Li Zhi Ping
Published: February 2014

With the continuous growth of human energy demand, a large number of people around the world increasingly concern about the exploitation of traditional fossil energy will face resource depletion and environmental pollution, scientists from various countries have been constantly exploring, trying to find renewable and non-contamination of clean energy. As a special geothermal resources, hot dry rock have attracted attention of many countries abroad as early as the 1980s and 1990s, which successfully constructed experimental hot dry rock power generation stations. In the situation of worlds traditional energy resources are much more costly and hard to develop, the hot dry rock, a widely distributed energy resource in China, we have the ability and need to be developed and utilized of it. This article describes the Chinese potential amount of hot dry rock resources and preferred areas of mining development, as well as developed countries hot dry rock technology research status and experiences, which can make some comments on the actual exploration and exploitation in China.
China's Industry Research Based on Computable General Equilibrium with Petroleum Price Fluctuations
Authors: Gao Zhi Yuan , Wang Xi
Published: February 2014

Petroleum resources is important strategic energy of our country. With the development of social economy, the status of petroleum in our country increasingly growth, as a kind of basic energy, its industry chain involving widely, the change of petroleum price will influence the national industrial economy, enterprise development and residents' living standard and so on. The paper use CGE, researching on the 21 industries impacted by petroleum price, and summarize relevant conclusions and suggestions.
Experimental Study on Edible Mushroom Bran Pyrolysis
Authors: Guo Xiao Juan , Xu Yong Jun , Yang Xiao Xi , Qin Frank G.F
Published: February 2014

Pyrolysis characteristics of edible mushroom bran with different heating rates were investigated applying a thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) coupled with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The pyrolysis experiments were performed up to 1073 K at heating rates of 10, 20, 30 K/min in a dynamic nitrogen flow of 20 ml/min. The results show that important differences on the pyrolytic behavior and product distributions are observed when heating rate is changed. At the lower heating rates, the starting temperature, final temperature of pyrolysis and the maximum rates of mass losses were relatively low. When the heating rate was increased, the starting temperature, final temperature of pyrolysis and the maximum rates of mass losses also increased. There have three stages: the first-stage was from the temperature of 20 to110°C with a weight loss of 12.33~14.36%; the second-stage was from 220°C to 400°C with a weight loss of 45.09~49.59%; the third stage was from 400 to 800°Cwith a weight loss of 15.11%~ 15.34%. The main pyrolysis vapour was CO2, phenol , and significant amounts of H2O, hydrocarbon, carbonyl compounds and acids.
Effect of Wind Shear to Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamic
Authors: Zhang Ling , Sheng Hui Xia , Guo Da Fei
Published: February 2014

A three-dimensional unsteady numerical study of the streaming flow field of the1.2 MW horizontal axis wind turbines which operation in the 11.26 m/s under the uniform wind and the shear wind have been carried out in this paper. according to the simulation results to understand the effect of uniform flow and the dynamic wind shear flow to the output power of wind turbine and the aerodynamics. results showed that: Under the uniform wind,Wind turbine power calculation values are in good agreement with the design value ,Wind turbines under the influence of wind shear can lead to change in load and performance on the surface of the blade.
Research on Water Saving Irrigation and Optimal Allocation of Water Resources
Authors: Hu Chang , Li Dang Sheng
Published: February 2014

The agricultural irrigation water of Kaifeng is mainly supplied by the Yellow River and the local underground water. According to the conditions of irrigation area water supply and groundwater reduction for many years, the paper puts forward the optimal allocation and the supplying water programs on using combination of surface water and groundwater. By using variable one-dimensional search technology, the nonlinear programming problem will be turned into linear programming problem. Thus, choose different decision variables and different parameters to use computing in order to get to approach the optimal allocation of water resources.
Hydraulic Regime Analysis of On-Off Valve Regulation
Authors: Liu Lan Bin , Liu Ya Meng , Huang Wei , Bao Chao Luo Meng , Zhao Yan
Published: February 2014

As an advanced heat metering method, on-off valve regulation method has good temperature-control and energy-saving effects. But its hydraulic regime is different from other existing systems, the conditions are more complicated and researches are not enough. There is an opinion that differential pressure valve should be used in the buildings consumer heat inlet. For all the questions and uncertainties, this article conducted researches by field test and program simulation analysis. The field test was conducted in a housing estate in Beijing, one buildings flow regulations influence on other buildings hydraulic regime was tested. The simulation was done in HACNet hydraulic simulation software. A pipe net model was built to simulate different working conditions. Both results indicate that systems hydraulic regime is stable and differential pressure valve is not necessary.
The Atmospheric Characteristics of Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) during Summer Time in Beijing, China
Authors: Ye Si Yang , Peng Xiao Wu , Yu Rian , Huang Jiong Li , Tang Tian Tong , Liang Lin Han , Zheng Jing , Wang Yu Yu
Published: February 2014

We used gas chromatography mass spectrometry to analyze characteristics of air pollution caused by MTBE in Beijing. The results showed that the atmospheric concentration of MTBE divided by function was: cultural tourism zone > industrial zone > commercial and residential zone > background point. Divided by time, in general, evening (17:00-19:00) > midnight (23:00-24:00) > noon (11:00-13:00); divided according to the day, in general, weekend > workday, but industrial zone is contrary. Traffic volume and traffic conditions are important factors in Beijing’s air pollution of MTBE. Production processes and environmentally friendly measures of industrial zone will also have some impacts on it. In the evening (17:00-19:00) and at weekend, concentration of MTBE in the atmosphere was comparably large.
Establishment and Application of a Comprehensive Evaluation Model for Management of Water-Saving Irrigation Developing Level Based on Set Pair Analysis - Si Chuan Province as Example
Authors: Lou Yu Hong , Cui Ning Bo , Yang Hao Xiang
Published: February 2014

Evaluation of water-saving development level of irrigation management level is an important foundation to make the water-saving and irrigation policy, and improve irrigation management. This paper established a comprehensive evaluation system for the developing level of water-saving and irrigation management after comprehensively analysis of main contents of irrigation management. It include 4 secondary level indicators and 16 third-level indicators, and build a comprehensive evaluation model. Further more, entropy method and gradation analysis method were introduced to calculate the combination weight of each evaluation indices, which enhance the scientific in weight calculation, and a comprehensive evaluating model for irrigation management and water-saving developing level was established on the basis of it. The comprehensive evaluation of irrigation management and water-saving developing for Sichuan Province and 21 other regions was done by this model, and the results are accord with Sichuan Provinces actual situation of the irrigation management and water-saving developing. Therefore, the model of comprehensive evaluation for irrigation management and water-saving development level has a relative strong practicability, which can offer scientific guidance for irrigation management and water-saving development in different regions.
The Classification of Land Use and Land Cover in Shangri-La Based on Decision Tree Automatic Threshold Classification Method
Authors: Xi Wu Jun , Ma Ru Biao
Published: February 2014

The paper used decision tree automatic threshold classify model to study land use and land cover in Shangri-la County with Landsat ETM+ image in 1999, and got two results. The first result is the land use and land cover map, the second result is the surface features area statistical result from large to small: bush, spruce and fir, meadow, pinus densata, ice and snow, pinus yunnanensis, unutilized land, paddy field, town, dry land , marsh, water. Bush has the largest area, 4267492200m2, while water has the smallest area,6147900m2.
A Kind of Auxiliary System Affiliated Ground Penetrating Radar Based on Road Disease Detection
Authors: Xia Yun Hai , Yang Feng , Xu Xian Lei
Published: February 2014

In the application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) to detect roadbed diseases, this paper designs a kind of auxiliary system for GPR to solve the problems ,such as how to obtain precise location of the diseases and how to explain the causes of the roadbed disease more reasonably. Combined with the actual test results, this paper discusses the feasibility and superiority of the auxiliary system in quality inspection of highway roadbed.
Research on Diagenetic Facies Based on Diagenetic Effect in the Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir - A Case from C81 Reservoir in Huanjiang Region, Ordos Basin
Authors: Wang Chun , Jin Zhi Guo , Liu Cheng Zhi
Published: February 2014

The research is carried out on diagenetic minerals, pore types and its impact on the physical properties in Huanjiang C81reservoir of Ordos basin, which is based on reservoir physical property test, thin sections observation and scanning electron microscopy. Several minerals closely associated with reservoir physical properties are identified from diagenetic effect views. It results in that a classification is proposed for the diagenetic facies, consisting of four kinds of diagenetic facies: ferroan calcite cementation facies, hydromica/kaolinite cementation facies, chlorite coating facies and feldspar dissolution facies. The study of C81reservoir in Huanjiang region shows that this scheme is favorable to estimate low permeability reservoir, the result shows fairly good consistency with the distribution of physical property of wells.
Metamorphic Buried Hill Fracture Reservoir of Characterization and Evaluation
Authors: Liu Wei Fu , Liu Shuang Long , Sun Li Xin
Published: February 2014

Paleostress value, fractural porosity and fractural fractal dimension could be used to demonstrate the basement rock reservoir of buried hill in oilfields. The paleostress value determined the development of the reservoir fractures. Fractured types are recognized and fractural porosity is calculated by using bilateral logging data. Then the fractural fractal dimension is calculated by using seismic data to predict the distribution of fractured zone. Finally based on paleostress value, fractural porosity and fractural fractal dimension, fractured reservoir of buried hill is evaluated by using fuzzy mathematics.
Methods of Identifying Reservoir Fractures in the Petroleum Industry
Authors: Du Jiang Min , Zhang Xiao Li , Zhong Gao Run , Luo Chuan You , Ding Qiang , Nie Wan Cai
Published: February 2014

In fractured reservoir, the capacity of oil storage and production depends on the degree of fractures development. Therefore, the research of identifying reservoir fractures has become more important in the petroleum industry. By the research of fractures identification methods in geology, logging and seismology,the paper explains the features and advantages,disadvantages of each method. The study shows that a single method is not enough to solve problem in current conditions , the comprehensive use of various methods is required.
Lacustrine Facies Sedimentary Characteristics of Guantao Formation in Zhanhua Sag
Authors: Wang Jiao , Li Zhi Gao
Published: February 2014

Comprehensive analysis by sedimentology,with the exercitation of sedimentology theory,developed the old sedimentary viewpoint.Research considered that braid river deltainfilling shallow lake developed in the lower segment of Guantao formation,and meandering river shallow water lake deltaoxidizing shallow water lake developed in the upper segment of Guantao formation.Lacustrine depositional model is extensive to apply in exploration activity.
Remaining Oil Development Study of a Nature Water Drive Reservoir in the High Water Cut Stage
Authors: Wang Jian Huai , Zhang Wei Nan
Published: February 2014

Taking M reservoir of D field as an example, analyzing the development feature of a thick sandstone reservoir in the high water cut stage which is driven by natural water, and studying the distribution law of remaining oil for this reservoir through 3 aspects: sweeping of the edge-bottom water, completeness of the well pattern and barrier of the partial interbed, and expounding the development method and effect of this thick sand reservoir in the high water cut stage through exploiting 3 kinds of remaining oil rich regions as fellows: the region which is not swept by the edge-bottom water; incomplete region of the well pattern and barrier region of the partial interbed.
Numerical Simulation Study on Influence Factors of the Filling Body Stability in Partial-Filling Mining
Authors: Guo Zhong Ping , Huang Wan Peng , Feng Fan , Yan Sha Sha , Han Chun
Published: February 2014

There are many factors that influence filling body stability in partial-filling mining. In deep mining, filling rate and internal friction angle of filling body are the main factors that greatly influence both sides of plasticity zone breadth in the process of filling bodys deformation and destruction. Taking filling rate and friction angle as the main variables to make a numerical simulation analysis on the deep mine working face, we can find a conclusion that it shows a concave-down power exponent relationship between the width of plasticity zone and the filling rate; With lower filling rate, it shows a concave-up power exponent relationship with friction angle, and the relationship of power exponent will change into the linearity as the filling rate increase.
The Changing Rule of Rock Strength under True Triaxial Condition
Authors: Wen Ze Kang , Wei Ke Min , Hu Jia Quan , Fang You Ling
Published: February 2014

The intermediate principal stress effect of the rock has been demonstrated. By analyzing true triaxial test results of Dunham dolomite and Mizuho trachyte, we studied relationship between minimum principal stress and the rock strength under the same intermediate principal stress coefficient, and the relationship between intermediate principal stress and the rock strength under the same minimum principal stress condition. Research shows that the minimum principal stress has a linear relation with the rock strength, the intermediate principal stress coefficient of a quadratic function relation with the rock strength. And the mathematic expression of the intermediate principal stress effect function was calculated.
The Strength Effect of Pre-Cracked Rocks at Different Angles
Authors: Wei Ke Min , Hu Jia Quan , Zheng Zhi Hao , Fang You Ling
Published: February 2014

In this paper pre-cracked rock is used to study the strength affect by the coal rock internal fissures, through uniaxial compression tests to observe the different perspectives cracks on rock strength by using the precast specimens. The experimental results show that: the strength of specimens with crack angle increases, decreases and then increases, till reaches a maximum at 90°. Based on the force divided, destruction of different angles of prefabricated crack growth path can be divided into: shear failure, tensile failure and tensile shear composite damage.
Research on the Underground Pressure Behavior Law of Repeated Mining Working Face under the Gob of Small Colliery
Authors: Hu Chun Xiang , Liu Jin Kai , Li Qi , Zhang Yong
Published: February 2014

The gob of small colliery has been one of the main factors threatening the safe production of coal mine. The repeated mining working face in a certain mine is the practical engineering background in this paper to study the influence of gob in small colliery on the mining of lower layer. By using the numerical simulation software FLAC3D, the stress distribution law and the change of displacement during lower layer mining were analysed. It can be concluded from the analysis of field measurement data that: there is stress relief under the gob of small colliery because the distribution of coal is irregular resulting from the random distribution of gobs in small colliery, while the residual coal causes the effect of stress concentration on the lower layer mining; relatively large displacement appears in the caving zone of the upper layer by the roof of working face and the support should be strengthened appropriately during mining; meanwhile, the gob of small colliery can cause the nonuniform distance of periodic weighting in the roof, and segmented pressure behavior can be observed during the periodic weighting of the working face. Research results could provide some guidance to the safe and efficient production in repeated mining working face in the mining with similar conditions.
A Study on Leaching of Zinc Oxide Ore in Ammonium Sulfate Solution
Authors: Wu Dan Dan , Wen Shu Ming , Yang Jing , Wang Yi Jie , Lv Chao
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the leaching effect of zinc oxide ore was investigated using ammonium sulfate solution as leaching agent. The effects of temperature, concentration of ammonium sulfate, average particle size and stirring speed on the leaching of zinc oxide ore were studied. The leaching rate increased with increasing solution temperature, concentration, and stirring speed as well as with decreasing average particle size. Ammonium sulfate solution can therefore be used as an effective leaching agent for zinc extraction from zinc oxide ore.
Pollution Level and Assessment of Chromium in Agricultural Soil around Chromate Plant
Authors: Song Han Ning , Guo Bin , Ren Ai Ling , Yin Xu Hui
Published: February 2014

Based on the environmental standard and environmental quality risk assessment criteria for soil of China, the pollution level and assessment of chromium in agricultural soil samples around chromate plant were analyzed. The 176 agricultural soil samples were collected according to radial distribution method near chromium slag disposal site and a radius of 150m in 11 areas at 10cm interval from the surface layer to the underground 150cm vertically on each monitoring point. The results showed that the concentration of Cr (VI) and total chromium decreased with the increase of the chromium slag disposal site distance. The content of Cr (VI) in the soil near pile of chromium slag was significantly higher than the background value and the surface soil Cr (VI) content is up to 30.54 mg/kg that the pollution index was 5.7. The content of Cr (VI) decrease with increase of the soil depth. The total chromium pollution index in surface soil near Chromium slag heap is highest for 4.61. The Cr (VI) content in soil is less than the standard value proposed by Environmental quality risk assessment criteria for soil at manufacturing facilities.
Industrial Experiment Research on a Vibration Lamella Thickener’s Application to Concentration of Tailings
Authors: Shang Guan Chang Cheng , Zhou Xing Long , Sun Dong Yang , Zhang Peng Xiang
Published: February 2014

In order to test the performance of a vibration lamella thickener, a ZXN32 was applied to a industry experiment.We carried out a series of experiment and measured the test parameter of the equipment which was based on particle size analysis and settlement experiment.The test results show that the calculation of the capacity meets with the practical capacity.The test equipment runs stably and compares with the thickener used in the plant,the test equipment is 2.7~2.8 times as much as thickener in capacity per unit area at the same conditions.
Study on Flotation of Refractory Phosphorite at Normal Temperature
Authors: Shang Guan Chang Cheng , Zhou Xing Long , Sun Dong Yang , Zhang Peng Xiang
Published: February 2014

This article unfolded experiments of three kinds of normal temperature collector applying to a refractory phosphorite.The results showed that CC-1(the collector self-prepared) had higher collecting capacity,selecting feature than other collectors.Meanwhile,analysis of the action mechanism of surface active agents to increase effect and dissolving in CC-1 had been made.
Experimental Study on Low Temperature Flotation Recovery of Apatite from a Magnetic Tailings
Authors: Wang Wei Zhi , Liang Bing , Zhang Jin Rui
Published: February 2014

An experimental research on comprehensive recovery of associated apatite from certain iron tailings in China was carried out. The phosphorus flotation is realized at low temperature through the application of the new, more efficient AW series collector. The test results showed that the concentrate whose P2O5 grade was 33.50%,recovery was 92.18% was obtained for the tailings whose P2O5 grade was 3.05% by one roughing under the pulp temperature of 15°C, thus realizing an effective recovery of apatite from the tailings.
Characteristic of the Volatile Arsenic in Natural Gas and its Novel Determination Method
Authors: Liu Zhen Xing , Tang Da Zhen , Yan Qi Tuan , Xu Hao , Wang Shu Ying , Xu Rui , Wu Sheng
Published: February 2014

The occurrence of volatile arsenic in natural gas, could lead to the poisoning of catalyst in processing equipment, and pose a serious threat to human health. In order to detect the total volatile arsenic in natural gas, this paper analyzed the characteristic and original mechanism of the volatile arsenic first, then a novel method was carried out by using silver nitrate solution, saturated potassium persulfate solution and concentrated nitric acid solution as sorption solution, followed by volatile arsenic determination with ICP-MS .The result showed that 2% silver nitrate solution had a good adsorption effect to volatile arsenic, and the recoveries of arsenic ranged from 87%~103%, which basically met the demand for the rapid detection of volatile arsenic in natural gas.
Experimental Study on Effect of Temperature on Heavy Steam/Oil Relative Permeability
Authors: He Li Ping , Shen Ping Ping , Gao Qi Chao , Chen Meng , Ma Xiang Yang
Published: February 2014

Because of the instability of steam and tough requirement of HTHP equipments in steam flooding laboratory simulation, it is rather difficult to obtain representative Steam/Oil relative permeability curves with high precision. In addition, although the effect of temperature on Water/Oil relative permeability curves has been studied a lot both at home and aboard, there are still some controversy perspectives, and research on temperature effect on Steam/Oil relative permeability is rare. As to the above issue, an improved steam flooding experimental method is launched to obtain accurate base data, and then simplified JBN method is applied for data processing. The Result revealed that the improved experimental methods and simplified JBN formulas can obtain representative Steam/Oil relative permeability with high precision, and temperature affects steam/oil relative permeability in various aspects, as temperature increased, oil relative permeability and irreducible water saturation increased while steam relative permeability and residual oil saturation decreased.
Influential Factors of Sustainable Development of Rare Earth Industry in Sichuan
Authors: Wei Long , Pan An
Published: February 2014

Influential factors of sustainable development of rare earth industry mainly refer to resource utilization, social economy, environment, policies and regulations. Existing control index of mining plays a positive role in sustainable development. Meanwhile, the government departments are also relevant parts of such process. Unrestrained exploitation and production revealed short-sighted behavior in the development of rare earth industry. Consequently, the following measures should be taken for sustainable development so as to strengthen environment protection and industrial concentration by further restructuring of rare earth enterprises.
Research on the Measurements of the Disequilibrium Degree of the City Traffic Supply and Demand
Authors: Gao Yan Kui , Zou Xiang Li , Li Min , Tian Lin Lin
Published: February 2014

This paper, based on the related concepts of traffic supply and traffic demand, starting from the features of the unbalanced traffic supply and demand, analyzes the factors that influence the degree of traffic supply and demand unbalanced and puts forward the measurements of the disequilibrium degree of the city traffic supply and demand based on road network capacity. By the means of the ratio of supply and demand in the urban traffic network difference to the total supply to calculate the degree of disequilibrium, and applicate in the city of M as an example and analysis. The results show that the method is feasible and practical.
Study on Methods of Re-Development of Urban Old Settlements from View Point of "Well-Being of People's Livelihood"
Authors: Chen Chao Jun , Wang Chen Guang , Huang Yao Zhi
Published: February 2014

First, unearth the connotation of well-being of peoples livelihood in the re-development of urban old settlements, to discuss the ways of achieving housing rights based on the concept of well-being of peoples livelihood and analyze the necessity of re-development of urban old settlements under well-being of peoples livelihood. Based on the above research, follow the goal and principle of well-being of peoples livelihood, explore the ways of returning well-being of peoples livelihood to homing position in the re-development of urban old settlements, and guarantee the realization of housing right of residents to promote the equitable distribution of social resources for housing in re-development.
Numerical Study on Stability of Square Perforated Cubic Artificial Reef
Authors: Liu Chang Gen , Shao Wan Jun
Published: February 2014

In order to study the stability of the square perforated cubic artificial reef deployed in Bohai Bay, the flow field and the pressure field around the reef were simulated on Fluent, then the flow force on the reef was calculated, and the coefficients of anti-slide and anti-rolling were calculated further. The results show that the flow force is not strong compared with the static force of friction. The coefficients of anti-slide and anti-rolling are large enough to ensure the stability of the reef.
A Study on the Regional Differences and Influence Factors of Inbound Tourism Economy in Inner Mongolia of China
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Zhang Jin Xin , Chen Ke , Ma Fa Wang , Kuang Tian
Published: February 2014

Based on statistics of Inner Mongolia of China, this paper studied the regional differences and influence factors of inbound tourism economy by analyzing the range, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and RHL. The results showed that the regional differences of inbound tourism economy were large. From the viewpoint of differences in regional development, the highest level was eastern Inner Mongolia and the lowest one was western. While from the viewpoint of urban differences, Hulunbeier and Xilingol’s development was highest, Wuhai and Hinggan’s development was lowest. The absolute discrepancy increased and the relative discrepancy reduced gradually. The main influence factors of regional difference included scenic area number, traffic conditions, geographical location and tourist market surrounding. However, the change of difference in inbound tourism economy was rarely influenced by the development level of regional economy, but only closely related to the local development of agricultural economy.
Research on Eco-Development Stage and Niche Construction of Logistics Industry in China
Authors: Gu Zai Qiu , Liu Yan , Fang Yang
Published: February 2014

The paper which was based on niche theory focused on logistics niche construction and research on its eco-development stage. It proposed the changes of logistics industry niche in China. It analyzed the development of the Chinese logistics industry by logistic model. By doing this, it can provide theory support and decision basis for logistics development.
Study on the Policy System in Eco-Industrial Parks in China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yao Yang , Qiao Qi
Published: February 2014

The eco-industrial park policies in China including central and local ones are inadequate to support and regulate the construction of EIP. Based on the practical construction demands, this article establish the EIP policy system, which is divided into four levels, including EIP policy system, macro guidance policy, management, construction and security policy and specific branches segment policies in every aspect.
Study on the Spatial Organization of Organic Agricultural Enterprise Network in China
Authors: Gu Bo Xuan , Wang Yu Hua , Li Yan Peng
Published: February 2014

Document NO.1 of the Central Government and the report of the eighteenth National Congress has aroused widespread concern in academic circles with its emphasis on rural micro-management body, while research on spatial organization of organic agricultural enterprise under the paradigm of enterprise network is still insufficiency. The paper analyzed the organic agricultural spatial organization of headquarters, processing factories and bases in China by the end of 2012, which reflects the overall development level of the enterprise network is low, and the organizational structure shows an inverted "T" type distribution. Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Shandong and Sichuan provinces scale the highest level. Regional organizations are quite different on spatial distribution, while strong networking provinces mainly gather in the east coast, northeast and west regions, and due to the strength of the dominant organizational functions, provinces can be divided into seven types, such as headquarters-type, base-type, headquarters-processing type. Natural resources, geographical embeddedness, institutional environment, flexible production level and regional innovation capability are the five drivers of spatial organization, and measures can be taken to develop organic agriculture from four aspects of policy guidelines, strategic planning, marketing planning and technical guidance.
The Analysis on Spatial Network of Organic Agriculture Certification Center in China
Authors: Li Yan Peng , Wang Yu Hua , Gu Bo Xuan
Published: February 2014

With the development of organic agricultural certification, organic certification company as a professional economic form to organize organic certification activities with information service function is well aware of growing importance. Organic agricultural certification spatial network is composed of company organizing network and service network of organic certification, whose united operation generates the spatial network of organic certification. Much attention is paid to the spatial network of organic certification company. The organic agricultural information centers in China are classified into three types: monolayer endogenous type, monolayer radiation type and multilayer divergence type. This paper analyses the spatial networks of organic certification information centers of Nanjing and Beijing. The interaction between company organizing network and service network of organic certification spatial network is one of the main drivers of Chinese organic agriculture.
Analysis on the Carbon Emission (CE) Arising from the Direct Energy Consumption (EC) of Beijing's Construction Industry
Authors: Jia Jun Song , Chen Qiong , Hu Lin Lin
Published: February 2014

Taking the construction industry of Beijing as an example, we, first, accounted the energy consumption (EC) and carbon emission (CE) in 1990-2012. Then, we used the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method to analyze the drivers of the CE. It was found the EC and the CE of Beijings construction industry in 1990 was 8.1 PJ and 0.99 Mt, respectively. They grew up to 30.6 PJ and 4.52 Mt in 2012. The increasing number was 22.5 PJ and 3.53 Mt with an average annual growth rate of 6.23% and 7.15%. The sources of CE were mainly arising from electricity, diesel, gasoline and raw coal. The driver's size of GDP per capita (A) was bigger than population (P). The 1% increase of A or P would make the CE increase 1.758% or 0.105%, respectively. The classical hypothesis of Environmental Kuznet's curve did exist in the CE of Beijing's construction industry. The urbanization rate increased 1%, to some extent, would make the CE decrease 0.421%. The improvement of scientific study itself cannot make the CE decrease. Only when the gotten achievements were transformed into the concrete technology and used in real life, the CE might decrease. So, it was necessary to speed up the new-type urbanization strategies, the development pattern's upgrade and transformation of economy and to continue to carry out national relevant policies on controlling population growth.
Waste-to-Energy Technology Assessment for Household Cooking Fuel in Phnom Penh Capital City of Cambodia
Authors: Ju Mun Sol , Mam Sarith , Kim Jae Yong
Published: February 2014

Lack of energy, fire wood use, and deforestation problem are the main issues in Cambodia. In rural area, small biogasification plant project has been successfully conducted. However, it was not applied in urban area such as Phnom Penh city. This study is focused on the household cooking fuel in urban area and aims to find the alternative cooking fuel to wood in Phnom Penh city. With literature reviews, field survey and interviews, we reviewed small biogasification, central biogas plant, and solid refuse fuel as an applicable technology for supplying cooking fuel. We considered the procurement of raw materials, land use, odor problem, operation and maintenance difficulty, and health impact in using indoors. Consequently, solid refuse fuel from bagasse has the potential to supply alternative cooking fuel. Further researches on stakeholder interview and business potential are necessary. Through literature reviews and field survey, it was found there are many failure cases. It is the most necessary to reflect the regions characteristics and the local experts opinions for applying waste-to-energy technology successfully in developing countries.
The Measurement of Environmental Performance and Economic Performance Based on Catastrophe Theory: Case Studies of Thermal Power Industry and Steel Industry in China
Authors: Li Lin Jun , Li Wen Jiang , Li Su , Qiu Guo Yu
Published: February 2014

We employed catastrophe theory and entropy method to measure and compare the environmental performance and economic performance of 40 listed companies from the thermal power and steel industries in China, to explore their relationship. The results showed that the environmental performance of the steel industry was less than that of the thermal power industry, but their economic performance was similar. This means that steel industry has had lower resource use efficiency and more pollutant emission, and has a larger potential to saving resources, energy and environment pollution. Both the correlation analysis and regression analysis indicated that there existed a significant positive relationship between the environmental performance and economic performance of the steel industry and thermal power industry in China. This means that it is very possible to gain win-win situation of these two performances, if the listed companies tend to make advanced production and environment protection activities come into a benevolent cycle, by means of technology upgrading and transformation.
Sustainable Development: The Evaluation of a Typical Steelworks in China Based on Emergy Theory
Authors: Yang Li Yun , Wei Wei , Bai Hao
Published: February 2014

The iron and steel industry is a fundamental part of Chinas national economy. Steel production is a high pollution and high energy consumption industry. It is necessary to assess the sustainable development level of the steel industry to provide a scientific basis for the construction and development of modern steelworks. This article aims to evaluate the sustainability of a typical steelworks in China by using emergy theory. We have aimed to develop a number of suggestions for improvements at the enterprise level, which is based on input and output emergy analysis. Our results show that the sustainable level of this typical steelworks was low because of its immature recycling technology.
Study on the Flocculation Treatment of Simulative Dyeing Wastewater by the Dicyandiamide Formaldehyde Polymer
Authors: Lan Shan Hong , Ma Ping , Lan Hui Xia , Zhang Heng , Wu Xiu Wen , Wang Yong Dong
Published: February 2014

The laboratory-made dicyandiamide formaldehyde polymer is used to study the effect of the flocculation treatment of simulated wastewater of You Li Su-hong EB. And the influencing factors mainly include flocculant dosage, pH and temperature. The experimental results show that when the dicyandiamide formaldehyde flocculant dosage is 8mL / L and pH is acidic or neutral, COD and color removal rate are the highest that have reached more than 70%. Besides, temperature has little effect on the flocculation treatment, and room temperature is enough to make the treatment effect good. Finally compared with the commonly used flocculant PAC, dicyandiamide formaldehyde polymer treatment effect is better with less addition.
Study on Hydrodynamic and Erosion-Deposition Change after Artificial Islands Construction
Authors: An Yong Ning , Yang Kun , Li Jing
Published: February 2014

Construction of offshore artificial islands may cause change on hydrodynamic and erosion-deposition characteristics. By predicting the current and sediment field of LongKou Bay with Mike21 model, This paper assesses the influence of the construction of artificial islands in aspects of hydrodynamic and erosion-deposition environment. Simulating results show that the relative hydrodynamic characteristics have dramatically changed. The results also show that the deposition-dominating areas are located at the north and southwest side, while the west side area is dominated by erosion. The area inside the waterway of artificial islands deposits severely under the southwest windy condition.
Analysis of DNA Damages of Gonadal Cells of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus in Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Authors: Han Jun Song , Lv Xin Lu , Gao Ya Li , Gao Xiang , Xiong De Qi
Published: February 2014

The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) is a rapid and sensitive procedure for measuring strand breaks in DNA. In the present study, sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) was chosen as the test organism and SCGE was applied to assess DNA damage of its gonadal cells exposed to petroleum hydrocarbon. The gonadal cells of sea urchin had been seriously damaged above 50 mg/L of Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs), whileas no damages occurred in the lower concentrations. There were good linear relationships between exposure days and DNA damage rate, percentage of DNA in the comet tail (%TDNA) as well as comet tail length (TL).
Impact of Inorganic Anions on Cadmium Fractions in the Soils
Authors: Geng Ming Shuo , Hou Ying Ying , Gao Wen Yan , Zhang Hui , Wang Zu Wei
Published: February 2014

The impact of inorganic anions on cadmium (Cd) fractions in soils was studied by experiment. The result showed that Cd exchangeable fraction contents in soils increased with the increase in soil salinity during soil saline process; Cd exchangeable fraction contents in soils increased with the increase Cl- concentration of soil solutions, other fractions of Cd decreased with the increase of of Cl- concentration; the changes of SO42- concentration in soil solutions did not affect on Cd exchangeable fraction contents in soils, Cd carbonate fraction of increased, but the concentrations of Cd oxFe-Mn fraction and organic bound fraction decreased with the increase of SO42- concentration; Cd exchangeable fraction content reduced significantly with the increase in HCO3- concentration of soil solutions, Cd carbonate fraction increased, and the concentrations of Cd oxFe-Mn fraction and organic bound fraction changed insignificant.
Chip-Based Portable Device for Detection of Microalgae Viability in Ballast Water
Authors: Wang Jun Sheng , Chu Hui , Sun Jin Yang , Song You Nan , Jiang Jin Hu , Pan Xin Xiang , Sun Ye Qing , Li Dong Qing
Published: February 2014

Ship ballast water has been identified as one of four major environmental threats by the international maritime organization. This paper presents a portable on-site rapid detection system of microalgae in ship ballast water. The system consists of a microfluidic chip platform, LED light source and drive systems, optical detection system, ARM software and hardware system, power supply system and so on. Microalgae particles can go through the detection area inside the micro channels one by one by using a sheath fluid focus. The resulting chlorophyll fluorescence is converted to the electrical pulse signal by photodiode. The experimental results show that the system can quickly and accurately detect the ballast water living microalgae concentration. The minimum detectable microalgae size is about 3μm (mean diameter). This system has some advantages such as miniaturized, portable, fast, accurate and label free, and has great potential for on-site rapid detection of ship ballast water.
Expression of p38 MAPK in Acute Lung Injury Induced by LPS in Mice
Authors: Qin Kai Xiu , Wang Yong , Jian Hua Gang
Published: February 2014

Objective To investigate the expression and roles of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Methods The ALI mice models were set up by intraperineal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expressions of p38 MAPK in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. Results The positive expressions of p38 MAPK distribute mainly in infiltrative inflammatory cells, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. And the level of expression of phosphated p38 MAPK in ALI group were higher obviously than that in the control group, and it reached a peak after two hours. Conclusion p38 MAPK signaling pathway was triggered by ALI induced by endotoxin.
Dew Amount in Marsh Monitoring in the Sanjiang Plain
Authors: Xu Ying Ying , Yan Bai Xing , Zhu Hui
Published: February 2014

Dew is the condensation of atmospheric moisture on objects that have radiated sufficient heat to lower their temperature below the dew point temperature. Dew amount was collected by woodstick in Craex lasiocarpa which the main community at Sanjiang Plain. The average daily cumulated dew yield, which is the important parameter for dew harvesting, reach the peak in August or September. The result implies there are around one fifth days are unsuitable for dew condensation. Dew amount correlated negatively with wind speed.
Effect of Salt Stress on the Salt Secretion in Aeluropus littoralis
Authors: Han Guo Liang , Liu Ming Li , Sui Na
Published: February 2014

The effects of NaCl on the growth, the number of salt gland and salt secretion ofAeluropus littoraliswere studied at different NaCl concentrations. Results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the growth ofAeluropus littoraliswas inhibited and MDA content increased gradually. With the increase of NaCl concentration, fresh weight, dry weight of single plant decreased, andA. littoralissalt secretion increased significantly. Salt gland density was significantly higher with the increase of NaCl concentration, and the total number of salt glands on the low surface was more than that on the upper surface. At the same time, the average secretion rates of individual salt glands increased. These showed that the salt glands could effectively secrete salt outside the body to keep normal physiological function.