bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initiation/Commencement of Criminal Prosecution in the New Criminal Procedure Code
Authors: Cercel Fănică
Published: July 2019

The initiation of criminal prosecution is always preceded by the notification of criminal investigation bodies (or the disclosure) about the commission of a crime, since it is not possible to start the criminal trial in the absence of such notification. Another (negative) condition is the nonexistence of any of the cases provided by art. 16 of the Criminal Procedure Code, otherwise they are closed prior to the commencement of criminal prosecution.The procedural act by which the prosecution is initiated, according to Article 305, paragraph 2, of the Criminal Procedure Code is the ordinance. The commencement of criminal prosecution is always ordered in respect of the offense, even if the person who committed the offense is indicated in the notice.
Creating and Maintaining a Secure and Safe Environment on a Challenged Civilian University Campus in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Sali Garry , Betasolo Mirzi , Gilder Eric
Published: July 2019

The article introduces the challenges of maintaining effective security (of both personnel and property) on a 220 hectare rural/suburban University campus, The Papua New Guinea University of Technology, located on the outskirts of Lae, the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea, serves as its main port and manufacturing hub. Since the Independence of Papua New Guinea in 1975, the city of Lae, the University (of approximately 3000 students, and 1500 academic, technical, and administrative and staff) and its surrounding communities have faced increasing pressing security issues, some caused by internal (on campus) and others by external (off campus) factors. After a long, politically motivated student boycott in 2016 (which ended up with destruction of varied University properties and the death of a student), the University has endeavoured to create a safe campus environment by employing quantitative modelling predictive techniques, cost-effective technologies and appropriate social-psychological insights aimed at transcending extant tribal mindsets (the country is noted for having over 800 tribes and languages across its widely space geography of 462,840 Km and approximately 7 million population). Tribal conflict is a constant concern for the police and governing authorities, an inhibitor of balanced social and economic development of the resource-rich country.
The Role of Ombudsman Institutions in Defending the Rights of Military Personnel
Authors: Stoian Alexandru
Published: July 2019

The Ombudsman type institutions are appointed to investigate individuals’ complaints against public authority and represent important actors in human rights protection system and in implementing democratic controls of the security system. These institutions have the task of interrupting human rights and the fundamental freedoms of armed force personnel, as well as ensuring the over-protection and prevention of defamation of armed forces. At the European level, the institutions of the Ombudsman are particularly important for ensuring the accountability of public authorities outside the contradictory environment of the courts. Ombudsman’s general institutions are mandated to receive complaints about all or almost all state organs, and their attributions concern all public services and government branches, including the armed forces. In addition, the ombudsman institutions with exclusive jurisdiction are independent and have exclusive jurisdiction over the armed forces, usually civilian and independent of the military command chain. Also, the Ombudsman institutions operating within the army can be identified and these are not completely independent, most often subordinated to the defense ministry and receive money from the defense budget.
Gender Equality Education in the European Military Universities
Authors: Atanasova-Krasteva Nevena
Published: July 2019

The report points the need of studying the gender equality topic as an element of leadership formation of the future officers in the European Armed Forces. The analysis of the approaches to the inclusion of the subject in different disciplines will help to increase the sensitivity and the understanding of the military personnel to the questions related to the implementation of the gender equality in a military environment. The equal treatment of the both sexes and the opportunities for successful realization, based on their professionalism, would contribute to the harmonization of the working environment as a part of modern European policies.
Adjusting the Military Educational Process to the Cyber Defence Domain
Authors: Bostan-Pop Mihaela
Published: July 2019

Threats, challenges and attacks are becoming more frequent, sophisticated and damaging within the new and unique environment, known today as cyber domain. The article presents the importance of cyber defence as a field of study and the tremendous efforts that are being made to continuously adapt the military educational process to this field. Concerning the education process in this domain, we can identify a strong need for improving the way we approach it and a striving call to fill the knowledge gaps for generating a credible cyber workforce. The aim was to analyze and present a few new cyber defence courses and the curriculum developed for both content and methods of education for officer career courses at military academies worldwide. The conclusion I have reached is that there are numerous modern methods that prove to be highly efficient in teaching this new subject matter and military educational institutions are investing into the skills and competence of their personnel.
The History of Pentathlon Competitions
Authors: Cohal Dumitru Cătălin
Published: July 2019

The Pentathlon is a combined athletic discipline of the ancient Olympic Games. A detailed exploration of the ancient Olympic competitions in general and of the pentathlon, in particular, allow us to discover1200 years of sport history. The spectacle of the pentathlon contest, the method of determining a winner, the order of the five disciplines is simply fascinating. The modern Olympic Games redefined the pentathlon among the Olympic disciplines. Under the name of the modern pentathlon, it gradually regained its fame won in antiquity. The military pentathlon is a variant of the modern pentathlon deployed within the military organization and is considered the king of military sports. The evolution of the modern battlefield, strongly influenced by the modern combat technique, will surely change the pentathlon contest register. Even if respect for the Olympic spirit is desired, the pentathlon must take into account the evolution of the contemporary society to keep its attractiveness.
Theories used in NLP for motivation. 2nd part
Authors: Furduescu Bogdan-Alexandru
Published: July 2019

One of the purposes of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (international acronym: NLP) is to motivate different skills from specific methods, techniques, tools, processes, theories and models into a single coherent and very Effective when implemented. Most of the methods, techniques, tools, processes, theories and specific models of NLP were created through the process called “modeling”, which, in principle, involves decipting the way in which the mind and how we think (neuro) operates through analyzing language (linguistic) patterns and non-verbal communication, the results of the analysis being integrated step by step in a strategy (programming) that can be used to transfer the ability of other individuals. The most important aspect of NLP is perhaps the practical-pragmatic, tracksuit programs and NLP concepts focusing on the interactive side and experiential learning, precisely in order for these concepts and principles to be fair and fully perceived and understood.
Intercultural Communication Barriers. China and the USA, The Difficulties of a Dialogue
Authors: Ilie Oana-Antonia
Published: July 2019

When people from different countries, cultures and backgrounds meet, they have to cope with the positive and the negative aspects of the intercultural exchange. Barriers such as anxiety, language, stereotypes, prejudice, ethnocentrism, and assumption of similarity instead of difference are the most significant ones to consider. This paper aims to discuss the main difficulties that individuals of various cultures and heritages may face during the intercultural communication process. In particular, this paper takes a closer look at the cultural differences between China and the USA, and at some of the current communication difficulties that the two countries face, caused by lack of mutual understanding, ethnocentrism, stereotypes, prejudice, language, differences of nonverbal indices, political and economic causes.
The Romanian Social Classes in Three Years in Romania by James William Ozanne
Authors: Mihăilă-Lică Gabriela
Published: July 2019

The paper analyses the image of the social classes existing in Romania in the second half of the 19th century as it emerges from the work of the English writer James William Ozanne, the first president of the Anglo-American Press Association in Paris, between 1882-1912. The Romanian society is seen through the eyes of a diplomat with a keen sense of observation, yet also subjective sometimes, who manages to create an accurate depiction of the society of a state which he did not consider to be among the first ranking ones. It is interesting to notice that he borrows “valuable information“ from other writers, especially Vaillant, Regnault and Obedenare, but, unlike other foreign travellers who wrote about the Romanians and their way of life, he is not ashamed to acknowledge this fact. J.W. Ozanne openly admits the fact that he liked the people among whom he had lived for three years, but his book is not a happy one. He did his duty of respecting the truth as much as possible, without entering into too many details, and the image of the social classes that he managed to create is one that enjoys the “right combination of light and shadows”.
The Reputation of the Military Leader Between Ego-Perception and Group Perception
Authors: Roman Vasile , Roman Maria
Published: July 2019

Any organization is in a permanent search for reputable leaders. Leaders adopt a behaviour reflected by their professional training and ego-esteem. Ego-perception reflects how a person is seen as a genre (how is?), as an identity (who is?), as an image of his/her ego (what is?), as self-opinion (what has?) and as an object (what affects?). The perception of those around them revolves around the things that are known to themselves and to the others (such as the physical reflection), the things the person knows about but the others do not know (personalities not shown), the things others know about him/her own person, but about which he/she does not know (personality traits that are perceived differently) and things that neither the person nor the others know (the ones in the unconscious). To be effective, the leader needs to know himself/herself and the environment in which he/she is acting, and to constantly pursue the relationship between ego-perception and perception of others about him/her. The desired report is the one in which the personal perception is the same as that of the others. Any significant variation leads to under or overestimation and, implicitly, to negative effects on the leadership process.
Legislative Measures Adopted at the International Level Against Fake News
Authors: Rusu Maria-Lucia , Herman Ramona-Elena
Published: July 2019

Social media has become an informational decision-making vector due to the rapid transfer and permanent consumption of messages by the population. In this virtual environment, information changes its qualitative and quantitative form, from real, manipulated to a fabricated form. As information grows, it travels more rapidly, responding to the needs and expectations of individuals, and at the same time there are the dangers of its distortion and intoxication, affecting the perception of the receptors. Fake news is a phenomenon created by social media, in which the communication scheme is vicious, it occurs due to the lack of information of the users. Fake news produces confusion and distraction, leading to fragmented public opinion. At international level, the act of combating this phenomenon was implemented by the authorities on a legislative basis, adopting anti-fake news laws with drastic sanctions, which differ according to the form of government in each state. The first country in the world to introduce an anti-fake news law is Malaysia. And the first European democratic state to initiate two bills against false information is France.
HF Noise Measurement in the Western Part of Romania
Authors: Balint Cornel , de Sabata Aldo
Published: July 2019

Despite the extraordinary development of mobile communications, HF radio links have several advantages that make them unique in some application areas. Knowledge of HF noise is critical for the setup of a point to point HF communication. The paper presents HF noise measurements performed using a broadband antenna and Software Defined Radio equipment for signal acquisition, followed by offline signal processing. The recording has been split into several sub-bands of small bandwidth and for each sub-band the mean power has been computed, to find the sub-band with the lowest power. It might be assumed that the frequency band having the lowest power contains only noise. An analysis of the influence of sub-band size on the noise level hasalso been made. Measurements cover a large part of HF band and a large time interval to observe the noise behaviour.The paper analyses the noise level over short and long time periods, and over a large frequency band, and reports also simultaneous noise measurements in two locations in the western part of Romania, a dense urban one and a small town one, to highlight the differences caused by man-made noise of industrial type.
An Algorithm for Automatic Recogniton of Digital QAM Modulations
Authors: Luţă Alexandru-Daniel , Bechet Paul
Published: July 2019

This paper proposes a new Matlab-developed algorithm for automatic recognition of digital modulations using the constellation of states. Using this technique the automatic distinction between four digital modulation schemes (8-QAM, 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM) was made. It has been seen that the efficiency of the algorithm is influenced by the type of modulation, the value of the signal-to-noise ratio and the number of samples. In the case of an AWGN noise channel the simulation results indicated that the value of SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) has a small influence on the recognition rate for lower-order QAM (8-QAM and 16-QAM). The length of the signal may change essentially the recognition rate of this algorithm especially for modulations with a high number of bits per symbol. Consequently, for the 64-QAM modulation in a case of 25dB signal-to-noise ratio the recognition rate is doubled if the sample rate is incresed from 5400 to 80640.
Approach on Increasing User Security Awareness
Authors: Oancea Romana , Bârsan Ghiţă , Giurgiu Luminiţa
Published: July 2019

Currently, social engineering attacks are increasingly sophisticated and the main factor that can influence the success of these techniques is the employee. Awareness of these types of attacks through permanent information sessions can be a good practice for any organization. In this work, besides the approach to the development of eLearning content accessible to employees, there are presented some methods and tools that can be used to avoid the theft of sensitive information or the infection of hosts on the network.
The Imperative Need to Create a Rapid and Efficient Connection between Transylvania and Bukovina During the First World War – The Construction of the Prundu Bârgăului - Vatra Dornei Railway Line
Authors: Cioanca Lia-Maria
Published: July 2019

In the context of the World War I outbreak and given the lack of a direct railway line between Transylvania and Bukovina, the Austro-Hungarian army is forced to find a quick and operative solution to the supply of weapons, food, but also to restore the supply to the Austro-Hungarian empire with manganese ore, dolomite, lumber, cereals, animals and other goods provided by Bukovina. Therefore, they considered building a fast link between Transylvania and Bukovina, along a spectacular route, namely, the Prundu Bârgăului-Vatra Dornei railway line. In the successful realization of this great project an ingenious, even revolutionary solution was found for those days: the construction of a railway line with normal gauge, adapted to trains and the petrol-electric traction, according to a model that was used and successfully put into practice since 1912 in Austrian Tirol. The works were completed in a very short time, even though there were very harsh working conditions and the route was extremely difficult. Both the Austro-Hungarian army and civilians from neighbouring villages and prisoners of war contributed to this success.
Vibration Study for a Subassembly – Part of Hydraulic Turbines
Authors: Haţiegan Cornel , Stroia Mihaela Dorica , Răduca Eugen
Published: July 2019

A common problem with hydraulic turbines is the rupture of turbine horizontal shaft in the area between the rotor and its bearing, caused by different stresses [1], as well as problems caused by excessive bearing wear, vibration caused by instability of lubricant film from bearings, lubrication supply interruption of hydrodynamic bearings, gripping, decrease of bearing stiffness due to fatigue of supporting structures. In addition, during operation, vibration appear depending on exciter forces or bearing type. In present paper we present an analysis of vibrations measured on a subassembly found at hydraulic turbines. For the experimental subassembly was used a straight-lined shaft, having variable cross-section, and a sliding type bearing. The tests were made for bearings of different dimensions and materials. Vibrations were measured on two axes for established case studies and results were compared.
The Environmental Management System within the Competence of the Army of the Czech Republic
Authors: Ivanco Jan , Mares Jaromir
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the implementation of an ecologically oriented tool in the form of an Environmental Management System in the conditions of the Army of the Czech Republic. Generally, through the system, better results in the field of environmental care are achieved. The article provides the bases for the implementation of the ecological system in relation to the legislative and legal standards, which are obligatory in compliance with environmental protection principles within the legal order of the Czech Republic. As a result of the research, the benefits of the environmental system for the Army, interconnected with the civilian sector, are presented. Emphasis is placed on the attributes of sustainable development that are essential for preserving the lives of future generations.
Simultaneous Evaluation of Communication Skills by Standardized Patients and Medical Evaluators
Authors: Fernández-Villacañas Miguel A. , Moreno-Cascales Matilde , Alemán-Belando Sergio , Matías-Sánchez Manuel , Flores-Funes Diego , Botella Carmen , García-Estañ Joaquín
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The present study analyzes the evaluation of communication skills by standardized patients (SPs) and medical evaluators (Es) in an OSCE setting.

Methods: The OSCE involved 189 sixth-year medical students, as well as 34 SPs and 63 Es. Communications skills were evaluated in 8 stations, simultaneously by SPs and Es. The SPs were actors who had been trained in the clinical case and who acted in accordance with a standardized script in a simulated clinical situation. The evaluators, also standardized, were Resident Doctors or staff Doctors from the Hospital Services involved.

Results: The global scores awarded to students for communication skills were very similar in both groups, although the score awarded by Es was significantly higher, and a direct relationship was also observed between the mean scores awarded by both groups. Evaluators awarded significantly higher scores than SPs in 7 out of the 10 items on the checklist. Female medical students also scored significantly higher than their male counterparts in many items, including external appearance, listening, cordiality, optimism, interest, expression and empathy.

Discussion: Our data indicate that SPs and Es evaluated communication skills in a similar manner in an OSCE setting, a finding which suggests that health-related professionals can be used as an alternative to SPs, thus helping to lower economic costs. Our study also confirms a gender difference (in favor of women) in the evaluation of communications skills by both groups.
Poor Knowledge of the Harmful Effects of Shisha Among Shisha Smokers: Findings from a Preliminary Survey in Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Mohammed Faruk Abdullahi , Nwafor Njideka Jacob , Fagbule Omotayo Francis , Adesina Miracle Ayomikun , Aliyu Bashar Muhammad , Ogundipe Precious Ayomide
Published: July 2019

Background: Tobacco smoking is an addictive behavior with heavy risks accompanying its prolonged practice. Unfortunately, more and more people are indulging in tobacco smoking habits despite the public health education programs going on worldwide about the dangers associated with tobacco smoking behavior. This study aims to survey active shisha smokers in Birnin Kebbi Local Government Area (LGA), Kebbi State, Nigeria, on the awareness of the harmful effects associated with shisha smoking.

Methods: This study was a survey of 45 active shisha smokers in Birnin Kebbi LGA. Snowballing technique was adopted in participants’ recruitment. Study instrument was a questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.

Results: Majority (32/45) of the participants were males, 16 had secondary school education, and 19 were within age range of 15 to 24 years. The majority (25/45) of them began to smoke shisha at the age of 18 years or more; also, 20 participants smoked shisha in all the 30 days prior to their participation in this study. Less than half of the study participants knew that: shisha is a stimulant (6/45), shisha smoke contains carbon monoxide (10/45), and the liquid in shisha could be replaced with alcohol (15/45). However, more than half of the participants knew that shisha contains nicotine (23/45) and tobacco (25/45). Only 16, 13, 11, 9, 5, 10, and 13 participants knew that shisha smoking could lead to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, increase in the risk of infections, reduced baby weight in pregnancy, gum and mouth disease, eye disease and blindness, and harm to non-smokers, respectively.

Conclusion: Many of the active shisha smokers surveyed in this study began smoking shisha at a young age. Also, a significant proportion of them were unaware of the health hazards associated with shisha use; hence the need to educate them and even the Nigerian public on the dangers associated with shisha use.
Delineation of the boundary of an urban agglomeration: evidence from Riga, Latvia
Authors: Skadins Toms , Krumins Janis , Berzins Maris
Published: July 2019

Statistical, morphological and functional approaches have long been used to delineate spatial boundaries of urban agglomerations. This research uses data from the Central Statistical Bureau and the State Revenue Service. The results indicate that morphological and functional approaches are essential when defining the agglomeration, however the outcomes are different. The most relevant consistency was observed in the territorial units adjoining the city of Riga due to the fact that they have a common labour market with Riga and share a strong functional linkage. However, the spatial extent based on the morphological approach confirms and highlights the effects of urban sprawl.
Abnormal Return and Trading Volume Activity Before and After Presidential Election 2019 ( Study on LQ-45 stock on February-July 2019)
Authors: Nugraha C H Asta , Suroto Suroto
Published: July 2019

This study aims to find out the empirical evidence of Indonesia capital market investors’ reaction toward presidential election 2019. The population in this study is the companies’ stocks which are included in the LQ-45 index during this study. The data used is secondary data in the form of LQ-45 stocks and daily Composite index three days before and three days after the event. By implementing the one sample t-test and paired samples t-test, the result shows that there is a positive and significant abnormal return around the event especially on the third day (t+3) after the event.  Moreover, there is an insignificant difference in the average of negative abnormal return and significant difference on the average of negative trading volume activity, before and after the presidential election 2019.

Keywords: Capital Market, Event Study, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity, Investors’ Reactions

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empiris reaksi investor pasar modal Indonesia terhadap peristiwa pemilihan presiden 2019. Populasi penelitian ini adalah saham-saham perusahaan yang konsisten tergabung dalam indeks LQ-45 selama periode penelitian. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa harga saham LQ-45 dan IHSG harian tiga hari sebelum dan tiga hari setelah peristiwa. Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah one sample t-test dan  paired samples t-test. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan terdapat abnormal return positif dan signifikan di sekitar  peristiwa terutama pada hari ke-3 (t+3) setelah peristiwa. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan rata-rata abnormal retrun negatif tidak signifikan dan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata trading volume activity negatif yang signifikan antara sebelum dan setelah peristiwa pemilihan presiden 2019.

Kata Kunci: Pasar Modal, Studi Peristiwa, Abnormal Return, Trading Volume Activity, Reaksi Investor
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOLOMIT TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA TANAH GAMBUT DAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA HASIL TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L)
Authors: Ilham Farah , Prasetyo Teguh Budi , Prima Sandra
Published: July 2019

This research was aimed to study the effect of dolomite on chemical properties of peat soil and as well as on growth and yield of onion. The research was in form of pot experiment having 5 treatments (0 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 2.5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 7.5 ton dolomite Ha-1 ; 10 ton dolomite Ha-1) and 3 replications which were allocated in Completely Randomized Design. Parameters analyzed were pH H2O, available sulphur, available phosphorus, CEC, and exchangeable cations, as well plant height, plant dry weight, sulphur uptake, and diameter of tubers. Data resulted were analyzed the variance using F-test at 5% level of significance and then it was continued using Duncan New’s Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% level if F-test > F-table. The results showed that 10 ton dolomite Ha-1was the optimum dose to improve chemical characteristics of peat soils. It increased pH H2O by 1.16 unit, sulphur uptake by 0.005 %, available phosphorus by 5.7 ppm, CEC by 9.67 Cmol Kg-1 and exchangeable K by 0.09 Cmol Kg-1, Mg by 0.19 Cmol Kg-1, Ca by 0.31 Cmol Kg-1 compared to soil without treatment ( 0 ton Ha-1 ). It also increased production of onion, especially plant height by 22.63 cm, plant fresh weight by 43.14 g and dry weight by 2.89 g, tuber fresh weight by 21.92 g, and dry weight by 2.89 g, sulphur uptake by 0.03 %, and diameter of tubers from none to be 2.00 cm compared to soil without treatment.Key words : dolomite, peat soils, onion, soil chemical characteristics
Expressive Utterances as Found in Zach Sang Show on YouTube
Authors: Fitria Mila , Revita Ike , Asri Dhiant
Published: July 2019

This article analyses expressive utterances as found in Zach Sang Show on YouTube. This video is an interview of Zach Sang and the Gang to Selena Gomez as the guest of the show. The aim of this research is to analyse the types of expressive utterances and identify the functions of the expressive utterances found in the interview. Data were collected by using observational method and note-taking technique. Data were studied by using pragmatic identity method. Data were analyzed by using theory of types of expressive utterances proposed by Ronan (2015) and theory of function of expressive utterances proposed by Searle and Venderveken (1985). Data presented in narration and by using tables. Expressive utterances found in the video are 87 utterances. The writer finds 10 types of expressive utterance. They are agreement, volition, disagreement, compliment, pride, expressing sorrow, thanking, greetings, non-directed complaints in exclamations and apologizing. The most dominant type of expressive utterances is agreement. It shows the same perception between the speaker and the interlocutor. There are 14 functions of expressive utterance. They are to please, to desire, to agree, to disagree, to compliment, to boast, to lament, to thank, to greet, to complain, to surprise, to apologize, to congratulate and to praise. The most dominant function of the expressive utterances is to please. It shows the feeling of satisfaction, enjoyment and convenient to the proposition.
ANALISIS FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KONDISI FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG DELISTING DARI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX TAHUN 2012-2016
Authors: Ratna Ikhwani , Marwati Marwati
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kondisi financial distress. Faktor yang di uji dalam penelitian adalah Leverage, Operatimg Capacity dan Profit Margin. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat pengujian regresi logistik, mengambil objek perusahaan-perusahaan yang Delisting dari Jakarta Islamic Index yang berjumlah 28 perusahaan dari tahun 2012-2016. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan yang diterbitkan perusahaan. Sampel ditentukan dengan Metode Purporsive Sampling yaitu berdasarkan kriteria yang ditetapkan dan diperoleh sebanyak 8 perusahaan yang mana penelitian dilakukan selama 5 tahun sehingga didapatkan 40 sampel yang terdiri dari 15 perusahaan yang mengalami financial distress dan 25 perusahaan yang non distress. Untuk mendapatkan jumlah perusahaan yang termasuk kategori financial distress dan non distress tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan analisis diskriminan model Abbas. Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan regresi logistik menyatakan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress adalah variabel operating capacity yang diproksikan dengan total asset turn over yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan dengan tingkat signifikansi < 5%. Sedangkan leverage dan profit margin tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress.

Kata kunci : Financial Distress, Leverage, Operating Capacity, Profit Margin, Regresi Logistic.
PEMBIAYAAN DAN KREDIT DI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN
Authors: Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: July 2019

Perkembangan lembaga keuangan dalam perekonomian semakin membludak, apalagi di era moderen dan serba digital. Lembaga keuangan selalu menjadi term yang sangat aktual diseminarkan diberbagai forum dan diskusi, baik berskala nasional maupun internasional. Ekonomi dan bisnis keuangan sangat digemari. Di Indonesia misalnya lembaga keuangan perbankan, leasing, asuransi, koperasi dan lembaga lainnya. Diantara itu semua, perbankan adalah urat nadi perekonomian suatu negara. Lembaga keuangan syariah beroperasi sesuai syariah Islam. Lembaga keuangan konvensional beroperasi dengan sistem bunga. Di kedua lembaga tersebut ada pembiayaan dan kredit. Perbedaan antara pembiayaan LKS dengan kredit LKK, adalah: 1). Dari segi akad dan legalitas; 2). Dari segi bisnis dan usaha yang dibiayai; 3). Struktur organisasi dan lembaga penyelesaian sengketa. Persamaanya adalah: 1). Sisi teknis penerimaan uang; 2). Persamaan mekanisme transfer;  3). Teknologi komputer, 4). Syarat-syarat umum; 5). Persamaan kartu kreditnya sama-sama memiliki iuran tahunan, yaitu: (a). Pagu limit berdasarkan jenis kartu, yaitu hijau, emas dan platinum; (b). Menggunakan jasa layanan penyedia kartu global (master card); (c). Dapat digunakan untuk kegiatan dasar, yaitu pembayaran secara kredit di marchant penyedia kartu global tersebut dan pembayaran tagihan bulanan, seperti listrik, air dan telepon.

Kata Kunci : Pembiayaan, Kredit, Lembaga, Keuangan.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN BANK TERHADAP KINERJA UNIT USAHA SYARIAH PADA BANK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nurjannah Hafidzah , Efnita Yul , Sundari Eva
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh secara signifikan baik partial maupun simultan pada variabel kepemilikan bank, simpanan (DPK), rasio pinjaman terhadap simpanan (LDR) dan rasio kecukupan modal (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA) pada bank yang memiliki Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS) baik itu pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) maupun Bank Swasta. Populasi dan sampel terdiri dari 24 UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) dan Bank Swasta. Dari ke 24 bank tersebut, hanya 18 bank yang dipilih menjadi sampel. Bank-bank tersebut adalah 7 Bank Swasta dan 11 Bank Pembangunan Daerah. Periode penelitian ini adalah 2010-2014. Data diambil dari laporan tahunan bank. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dan pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan UUS milik Bank Pembangunan Daerah lebih baik daripada Bank Swasta. Hal ini disebabkan beberapa faktor. Pertama, pinjaman hanya untuk pejabat pemerintah daerah di mana pembayaran pinjaman melalui pengurangan gaji, sehingga kemungkinan tidak dapat membayar pinjaman sangat rendah meskipun situasi ekonomi tidak stabil. Kedua, karena Bank Pembangunan Daerah menyediakan layanan hanya untuk lokal saja, sehingga memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang daerah tersebut. Sehingga akan memungkinkan nasabah menilai penerapan pinjaman dan mengidentifikasi pinjaman yang memenuhi syarat. Ketiga, kinerja Bank Pembangunan Daerah yang diawasi oleh pemerintah daerah lebih intensif.

Kata Kunci : Hedging, Laverage, Cash Ratio, Firm Size, Bank Syariah.
Quantum Chemical Methods for Modeling Covalent Modification of Biological Thiols
Authors: Awoonor-Williams Ernest , Isley William , Dale Stephen , Johnson Erin , Yu Haibo , Becke Axel , Roux Benoît , Rowley Christopher
Published: July 2019

Targeted covalent inhibitor drugs require computational methods that go beyond simple molecular-mechanical force fields in order to model the chemical reactions that occur when they bind to their targets. Here, several semi-empirical and density-functional theory (DFT) methods are assessed for their ability to describe the potential energy surface and reaction energies of the covalent modification of a thiol by an electrophile. Functionals such as PBE and B3LYP fail to predict a stable enolate intermediate. This is largely due to delocalization error, which spuriously stabilizes the pre-reaction complex, in which excess electron density is transferred from the thiolate to the electrophile. Functionals with a high-exact exchange component, range-separated DFT functionals, and variationally-optimized exact exchange (i.e., the LC-B05minV functional) correct this issue to various degrees. The large gradient behaviour of the exchange enhancement factor is also found to significantly affect the results, leading to the improved performance of PBE0. While ωB97X-D and M06-2X were easonably accurate, no method provided quantitative accuracy for all three electrophiles, making this a very strenuous test of functional performance. Additionally, one drawback of M06-2X was that MD simulations using this functional were only stable if a fine integration grid was used. The low-cost semi-empirical methods, PM3, AM1, and PM7, provide a qualitatively correct description of the reaction mechanism, although the energetics are not quantitatively reliable. As a proof of concept, the potential of mean force for the addition of methylthiolate to MVK was calculated using QM/MM MD in an explicit polarizable aqueous solvent.
Band Gap Modulation in Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks by Defect Engineering
Authors: Taddei Marco , Schukraft Giulia M. , Warwick Michael E. A. , Tiana Davide , McPherson Matthew , Jones Daniel R. , Petit Camille
Published: July 2019

We report a defect-engineering approach to modulate the band gap of zirconium-based metal-organic framework UiO-66, enabled by grafting of a range of amino-functionalised benzoic acids at defective sites. Defect engineered MOFs were obtained by both post-synthetic exchange and modulated synthesis, featuring band gap in the 4.1-3.3 eV range. Ab-initio calculations suggest that shrinking of the band gap is mainly due to an upward shift of the valence band energy, as a result of the presence of light-absorbing monocarboxylates. The photocatalytic properties of defect-engineered MOFs towards CO2 reduction to CO in the gas phase and degradation of Rhodamine B in water were tested, observing improved activity in both cases, in comparison to a defective UiO-66 bearing formic acid as the defect-compensating species.
Elevated anticardiolipin titer as a stroke factor in young patients in kirkuk city
Authors: Raad Hassan Najim  , Bilal Jamal kamal
Published: July 2019

Background: Stroke is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and it is the third leading cause of medical death in developed countries. Stroke can be classified into ischemic disease (80%) and hemorrhagic disease (20).

Subject and methods: A case-control study done in the period extending from November 2013 to April 2014 in neuro medicine department in Azadi teaching hospital in Kirkuk city in Iraq. This study involving 2 study groups, each one of them, including 50 patients. The first group (cases) included 50 patients diagnosed as having an ischemic stroke by neurologist their ages were less than 45 years .in  another group (control), 50 patients involved admitted to the same hospital with no history of prior ischemic stroke.

Results: Fifty patients with stroke of ischemic orgin and 50 controls included in the study. Table 1 summarize demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and control groups, control was older than ischemic stroke patient with no significant correlation (P-value=0.33). Gender distribution showing a significant correlation in regarding female sex in both groups (P-value=0.001). Ischemic stroke according to our findings is more prevalent in those patients with Hypertension with 66% of patients in comparison to 42% of control patients with P-value of 0.0001, diabetic patients with double percentage (72%) to those in control group (36%) with P-value of 0.0001,coronary arterial disease ,valvular heart disease and rhythm disease such as atrial fibrillation seen to be more popular  in those patients with ischemic stroke with no significant value in regarding to patients having coronary and valvular heart disease (P-value=0.11,0.21) and strongly associated with those patient presented with atrial fibrillation (P-value=0.0001).

Conclusion: Elevated anticardiolipin antibodies are seen to be as an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke.
Os indígenas da Reserva Caramuru-Paraguassu: famílias étnicas e organização política
Authors: Lisboa João Francisco Kleba
Published: July 2019

O artigo busca demonstrar os arranjos étnicos concernentes à coletividade autodenominada Pataxó Hãhãhãi, que se localiza na Reserva Indígena Caramuru-Paraguassu, no sul da Bahia, considerando suas implicações políticas e territoriais. Do mesmo modo, procura discutir de que maneira as distintas percepções sobre as histórias de cada grupo/família e etnia – categorias que veremos reunidas em torno do conceito de famílias étnicas – produziram uma narrativa de luta que possibilitou a retomada integral do território indígena ao longo das três últimas décadas.
A normák határozott megfogalmazásának problémája a büntetőjogban – A normavilágosság fogalma az Alkotmánybíróság döntéseiben és a bírói gyakorlatban
Authors: Ficsor Krisztina
Published: July 2019

Jelen írásban a jogelmélet e funkcióját a büntetőjogban és a büntetőjogi bírói érvelésben megjelenő probléma megvilágításán keresztül mutatom be. Hogy miért, azt magyarázhatja a következő, Montesquieu-től származó megfontolás: „Azok az ismeretek, amelyeket az ember egyes országokban szerzett és másokban szerezhet azokra a leghelyesebb szabályokra vonatkozólag, amelyeket a büntető igazságszolgáltatásban követni kell, az emberiséget a világ minden egyéb dolgánál jobban érdeklik.”

Ennek a különös érdeklődésnek több oka is lehet. A jogelmélet nézőpontjából azért tekinthető sajátosnak a büntetőjog, mert ez az a jogág, amely a legerősebbeszköz az állami hatalom kezében az emberek magatartásának irányítására, ezálta pedig az egyéni szabadság korlátozására, a kógens kötelezettségek teremtésére.A jogelmélet (és a politikai filozófia) egyik legfontosabb érdeklődési területe az állami autoritás és jogi kötelezettségteremtés fogalmi tisztázása, megalapozása, igazolása. A tételes jogágak közül a büntetőjog ehhez alapvető kiindulópontokat kínál.

Ez a tanulmány a büntetőjogban és még inkább a büntető ítélkezésben megjelenő elméleti problémával foglalkozik: az úgynevezett normavilágosság problémájával. Bár számos büntető ítélet és alkotmánybírósági határozat foglalkozik a normavilágosság kérdésével, mindazonáltal kevés az olyan munka, amely elméleti szempontból tisztázná, hogy a fogalom mit jelent, és milyen igazolási alapokkal lehet alkalmazni a magyar gyakorlatban. A következőkben e fogalom elemzését az Alkotmánybíróság ítéleteinek elemzése segítségével és néhány bírósági határozatban megjelenő indokolás vizsgálatával végzem el.
Detection of Aedes flavopictus (Yamada, 1921), Netherlands, June 2019
Authors: Ibáñez-Justicia Adolfo , van de Vossenberg Bart , van den Biggelaar Rens , Voogd Joris , Metz Eveline , Jacobs Frans , Dik Marian , Stroo Arjan
Published: July 2019

In June 2019, a single specimen collected at a used tyre company was identified as Aedes flavopictus (Yamada, 1921), a sibling species of Ae. albopictus. Ae. flavopictus has not been recorded outside Japan and South Korea. Although it has only shown dengue virus vector competence under laboratory conditions, its detection demonstrates the value of active surveillance at risk locations and molecular tools for timely intervention against exotic mosquitoes with potential future public health impact.
PERANCANGAN PRODUK FASHION BAGI MASYARAKAT URBAN INDONESIA DENGAN PEMANFAATAN TENUN LURIK JAWA PEDAN
Authors: Natalia Wenny Anggraini , Widiawati Dian , Sachari Agus
Published: July 2019

The existence of Javanese Pedan lurik weaving which is one of the Indonesian cultural heritages that needs to be preserved in this modern era. Using the method of observation, visual analysis and experimentation, it is designed to revitalize fashion products by utilizing Javanese lurik woven cloth intended for Indonesian urbanites with a character of young spirit, full of locality, and love of culture. Sustainable design methods become a solution by considering the impact on the natural and social environment at each stage, which will later be related to the economy of the community. Through this article, it is hoped that it will enrich the development of fashion products with Indonesian cultural nuances that will increase the selling power of Javanese lurik woven into the wider community. In addition, using revitalized Javanese Pedan motifs and patterns that have been revitalized, it is hoped that the public will become more aware that there are still regional motifs and patterns that are still unexplored and is expected to be more known and awake sustainability.
MHD Flows of Second Grade Fluid Through the Moving Porous Cylindrical Domain
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Zafarullah Muhammad
Published: July 2019

The flows of Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) second grade fluid between two infinite porous coaxial circular cylinders are studied. At time t=0^+, the inner cylinder begins to rotate around its axis and to slide along the same axis due to torsional and longitudinal time dependent shear stresses and the outer cylinder is also rotate around its axis and to slide along the same axis with acceleration. The exact solutions obtained with the help of discrete Laplace and finite Hankel transform, satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions. The solution presented in convolution product of Laplace transform . The corresponding solutions for second grade and Newtonian fluids are also obtained as limiting cases with and without MHD effect. Finally, the influence of pertinent parameters on the velocity components and shear stresses, as well as a comparison among, second grade and Newtonian fluids with and without MHDÂ  is also analyzed by graphical illustrations.
On Varieties of Pseudo Hyper GR-ideals of Pseudo Hyper GR-algebras
Authors: Manzano, Jr. Ramises G. , Petalcorin, Jr. Gaudencio C.
Published: July 2019

This study is based on the structure of pseudo hyper GR-algebra, analgebra that is partially related on some class of hyper BCI-algebras.This allows us to create a new structure and how this two algebrasare related to each other. A pseudo hyper GR-algebra involves twohyper operations and a set of axioms that come in pairs or a combina-tion of both making it interesting like some algebras established. Thispaper focuses on some properties of pseudo hyper GR-algebras and itsideals. Moreover, pseudo hyper GR-ideals were dened and classied todetermine their relationship to each other.
Soft Semi Local Functions in Soft Ideal Topological Spaces
Authors: Gharib Fatouh , Abd El-latif Alaa Mohamed
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we define a soft semi local function (F, E) âˆ—s ( ËœI, Ï„ ) by using semi open soft sets in a soft ideal topological space (X, Ï„, E, ËœI). This concept is discussed with a view to find new soft topologies from the original one, called âˆ—s-soft topology. Some properties and characterizations of soft semi local function are explored. Finally, the notion of soft semi compatibility of soft ideals with soft topologies is introduced and some equivalent conditions concerning this topic are established here.
Voting Method Based on an Average Gap Assessment
Authors: Savadogo Zoinabo , Compaore Abdoulaye , Ouedraogo Pegdwinde Ousseni Fabrice
Published: July 2019

The theory of social choice is the study of voting methods. In the literature manystudies have been conducted for the development of a fair voting system, that is to say a voting method that allows to aggregate the individual preferences in a collective preference representing in the most possible faithfull way individual preferences. Yet some voting methods do not allow to obtain a consensus. So there are a lot of paradoxes in electoral systems and related results in the theory of social choice are also paradoxical. This is the case, for example, with Arrowâ€™s theorem showing that no voting method can simultaneously verify a restricted list ofÂ  roperties that are desirable in a democratic political system. That is to mean that the search for a system that makes it possible to reach a consensus remains a concern in the theory of social choice. In this article we have combined various voting methods based on grading, scoring or approving to contribute to literature with a new voting system filling fair properties.