bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Don Kichoci, Podziemni i Rewizjoniści. Postawy środkowoeuropejskich pisarzy wobec wolności
Authors: Firlej Agata
Published: August 2021

The article uses comparative methodology and juxtaposes the attitudes of Polish, Czech and, to a lesser extent, Ukrainian authors towards freedom obtained after 1989. The author distinguishes three main attitudes, calling them “Don Quixotes”, “Undergrounders” and “Revisionists”. The first type is related to retrotopic thinking and means attempts to mystify reality in order to counteract the degradation of the writer’s role in society. Don Quixotes try to fight the rules of the new postcommunistic time, emphasizing their role in the idealized past. The writers associated with the underground during the communism, such as Yuri Andrukhovych, Jáchym Topol, Petr Placák or Tomasz Jastrun, react differently: they are sensitive to attempts of political misusing of the works of culture. The younger generation of authors, called in this text “Revisionists”, born most often after the collapse of totalitarianism, tries to revise the social discourse and historical myths and express all what has been so far unspoken and “rotting”. This formation includes, among others, Radka Denemarková, Kateřina Tučková, Magdalena Platzová or Stanislav Biler.
Filozofia wolności
Authors: Gadacz Tadeusz
Published: August 2021

The presented text includes a review of various philosophical approaches to freedom categories, which, according to the author, is a relational term and experience. In his arguments, the researcher discusses freedom in correlation with i.a. such topics as independence, rootedness, sovereignty, the ability to act autonomously and to make independent decisions, etc. In his contemplations, the author elucidates the category of freedom both from a negative and a positive point of view, referring to the thoughts of Epictetus, G.W.F. Hegel, H. Bergson, F. Nietsche, E. Mounier, J.P. Sartre, R. Ingarden, and M. Buber.
Zajełdyz. O postkolonialnych aspektach Jakucji Jegora Radowa
Authors: Łaniewski Paweł
Published: August 2021

The author analyzes the relationship between post-colonialism and postmodernism on the basis of Egor Radov’s novel Yakutia. The two currents are interrelated and affect both the aesthetics and the structure of the works. Their Russian variants, due to their particular interpretation of the colonial issue, are very different from the Western models. Yakutia is an example of a postmodern novel in which the post-colonial context is a background for philosophical and socio-political reflections. The novel combines various motifs characteristic of the genre of dystopia, popular in Russian postmodernism.
Scientific Production on Suicide by Ibero-American Authors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Saavedra-López Miguel A. , Rojas-Pisfil María , Sandoval-Navarro Lynton J. , Hernández Ronald M. , Calle-Ramirez Xiomara M.
Published: August 2021

N/a.
A internacionalização das instituições de educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Boschini Fernanda Ferreira , Fischer Cynthia Regina , Batista Sueli Soares dos Santos
Published: August 2021

O estudo se constrói fundamentado em pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa documental a partir da experiência de internacionalização da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), no sentido de compreender os processos institucionais que facilitam a sua viabilidade. O enfoque da descrição e da análise da internacionalização dessa instituição se dá por meio da ação da Assessoria de Relações Internacionais deste instituto, surgida em 2016, em um estudo que se concentra nas políticas e ações estratégicas desenhadas em seus documentos institucionais. Entende-se que, com a publicação da documentação de regulamentação de suas políticas, o IFSP está fortalecendo sua estrutura de internacionalização da educação.
Model of Mitigation: Strategies to Utilise Unique Insider Research Opportunities
Authors: Dever Nerolie , Barnes Lisa , Long Warrick
Published: August 2021

Insider research has in the past challenged researchers in terms of blurred lines, objectivity, bias confidentiality and maintaining professional working relationships. The opportunities it presents however include access to information, trust in the data collection, insider and intimate knowledge, and the ability for rich inside data collection. This paper discusses these opportunities and challenges, then makes recommendations for ten strategies to assist in data collection by an insider researcher. These strategies include communication, mixed methods, reflections, debrief, distance, confidentiality, interview technique, social network, voluntary and objectivity. The research concludes with the creation of a Model of Mitigation, which posits the ten mitigation strategies along with the four opportunities to assist insider researchers to overcome obstacles when conducting insider research, as insider research has been shown to collect rich data and enable organisations to reflect on the research findings and to implement recommendations made on an individual but organisation wide basis.
The effect of leadership style and IT support on lecturer performance during e-learning program with work environment as mediating variable
Authors: Haziroh Awanis Linati , Putra Febrianur Ibnu Fitroh Sukono , Budiantoro Risanda Alirastra
Published: August 2021

The lecturer performance appraisal system is the work of lecturers within the scope of their responsibilities which refers to a formal and structured system used as an instrument to measure, assess, and influence work-related traits, control lecturer behavior, including absenteeism rates and work results. Lecturer professionalism must, of course, be related and built through mastery of fundamental competencies in carrying out and completing their duties and work as lecturers, such as professional competence, social competence, and personal competence. The low performance of lecturers is suspect of having reasons such as lack of attention and concern from leaders, for example, less effective leadership styles, less communicative work relationships, lack of harmony, lack of welfare, lack of motivation, lack of a comfortable work environment, and lack of satisfaction felt by the lecturers. Based on these reasons, further research is needed on the influence of leadership style and work environment on lecturer performance in carrying out the teaching and learning process at private universities in Semarang. This research is a quantitative study with a sample of 127 permanent lecturers in the management department of private universities in Semarang. The analytical technique used in this study is path analysis with the results. Among others, leadership style, information technology support, and work environment significantly affect lecturer performance. Furthermore, the work environment can mediate the relationship between leadership style and information technology support on lecturer performance.
KIERKEGAARD: O MILITANTE ANTICLERIAL
Authors: Salgado de Sousa Domingos Manuel
Published: August 2021

Durante o último ano da sua vida, Kierkegaard lançou um implacável ataque à Igreja estatal dinamarquesa e às figuras eclesiásticas que a representavam. Ele acusa bispos e pastores de corrupção e hipocrisia e de haver adulterado a mensagem cristã. A necessidade de expor a verdadeira situação da Igreja estatal leva Kierkegaard a recorrer a uma prosa incendiária. Kierkegaard pretende minar a autoridade eclesiástica e forçar o leitor a questionar a obediência ao clero a fim de que possa reconhecer e apropriar o verdadeiro cristianismo do Novo Testamento. A questão é saber se a radicalidade da sua crítica é uma aberração de caráter circunstancial ou a conclusão lógica e epílogo do seu pensamento. As interpretações em torno do ataque de Kierkegaard à Igreja são discordantes. Se bem que se observem evidentes pontos de contato entre as suas obras iniciais e posteriores, não se pode considerar a crítica à Igreja como uma mera reiteração de posições defendidas anteriormente. As questões tratadas nas suas obras iniciais e posteriores representam uma multiplicidade de perspectivas em metamorfose.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cristianismo. Protestantismo. Igreja. Pastores. Anticlericalismo.
A Forth Law of Thermodynamics: Synergy Increases Free Energy While Decreasing Entropy
Authors: Jaffe Klaus
Published: August 2021

Synergy, emerges from synchronized reciprocal positive feedback loops between a network of diverse actors. For this process to proceed, compatible information from different sources synchronically coordinates the actions of the actors resulting in a nonlinear increase in the useful work or potential energy the system can manage. In contrast noise is produced when incompatible information is mixed. This synergy produced from the coordination of different agents achieves non-linear gains in free energy and in information (negentropy) that are greater than the sum of the parts. The final product of new synergies is an increase in individual autonomy of an organism that achieves increased emancipation from the environment with increases in productivity, efficiency, capacity for flexibility, self-regulation and self-control of behavior through a synchronized division of ever more specialized labor. Examples that provide quantitative data for this phenomenon are presented. Results show that increases in free energy density require decreases in entropy density. This is proposed as a law of thermodynamics.
Pollination Efficiency of Amegilla calens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae) Variety L457 Flowers at Meskine (Maroua, Cameroon)
Authors: Kodji issaya Issaya , Kengni Beaudelaine Stephanie , Fameni Tope Sidonie , Tchuenguem Fohouo Fernand-Nestor
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of Amegilla calens bee on fruit and seed yields of G. hirsutum in an experimental field, in September 2018 and 2019. The experiments were carried out on 540 flowers divided in four treatments: 120 flowers accessible to all visitors; 120 flowers bagged to avoid all visits; 200 flowers protected and uncovered when they were opened, to allow A. calens visits; 100 flowers bagged then uncovered and rebagged without the visit of insects or any other organism. Bees daily rhythm of activity, its foraging behaviour on flowers, its pollination efficiency, the fruiting rate, the number of seeds per fruit and the percentage of normal seeds were evaluated. Results indicate that among 11 insect species recorded on flowers, X. olivacea ranked second and harvested nectar. Throughout the pollination efficiency of a single flower visit, X. olivacea provoked a significant increase of the podding rate, the mean number of seeds per pod, the percentage of normal seeds and the mean weight of a seed by 39.48 %, 18.19 %, 49.62 % and 31.53 % respectively. The conservation and installation of X. olivacea nests close to P. vulgaris fields is recommended to improve its pod production and seed quality.
State of Art Technology: Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Potential Applications in Biomedical, Research and Environmental Remediation
Authors: Khayal Areeba , Dawane Vinars , Yadav Virendra Kumar , Yadav Krishna Kumar , Khan Samreen Heena
Published: August 2021

Cutting-edge technologies are intensifying into new skylines and this remarkable progress has been successfully influenced by the tiny level engineering of carbon dots technology, their syn-thesis advancement and impressive applications in the field of allied sciences. The advances of science and its conjugation with interdisciplinary fields emerged in carbon dots making, their controlled characterization and applications into faster, cheaper as well as more reliable prod-ucts in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in nanotechnology has developed into carbon dots technology. The understanding of the generation process, control on making processes and selected applications of carbon dots such as energy storage, environmental monitoring, catalysis, contaminates detections and complex environmental forensics, drug delivery, drug targeting and other biomedical applications etc. are among the most promising applications of carbon dots and thus a thrust area of research today. In this regard, various types of carbon dots nano-materials such as oxides, their composites and conjugations etc. have been flocking significant attention due to their remarkable potential in this thrust area of energy, the environment and technology. Thus, the present paper highlights the role and importance of carbon dots, recent advancements in their synthesis methods, properties and emerging applications.
The Predictive Model of Citizens’ Attitudes About the Risks of Introducing the Death Penalty in the Legal System: A Case Study of Serbia
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Bugarski Tatjana , Ristivojević Branislav , Milošević Goran , Martinović Jovana
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the results of quantitative research regarding the predictive model of citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing the death penalty in the Republic of Serbia legal system. The research was conducted with the use of a questionnaire that was requested and then collected online from 427 people in June 2021. A multivariate regression analysis was used, identifying the extent to total scores of the main dependent variables (introducing the death penalty; trust in the legal system; advantages of introduction; disadvantages of introduction scores) were associated with five demographic and socio-economic variables: gender, marital, education, income, and age. We tested the central hypothesis of which gender is predicting variables citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing the death penalty in the legal system of Serbia. The findings revealed that gender and educational level were the most effective predictors of the research variables under question. The majority of respondents support the introduction of the death penalty and the most important predictor of disadvantages of introducing the death penalty in the legal system is age. Based on the findings that there are major differences in the citizens' attitudes about the risks of introducing the death penalty in the legal system, policies, strategies, and regulations must take into account these very important findings.
The Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Brain and Cognitive Function
Authors: Gudden Jip , Arias Vasquez Alejandro , Bloemendaal Mirjam
Published: August 2021

The importance of diet and the gut-brain axis for brain health and cognitive function is increasingly acknowledged. Dietary interventions are tested for their potential to prevent and/or treat brain disorders. Intermittent fasting (IF), the abstinence or strong limitation of calories for 12 to 48 hours, alternated with periods of regular food intake, has shown promising results on neurobiological health in animal models. In this review article, we discuss the potential benefits of IF on cognitive function and the possible effects on the prevention and progress of brain-related disorders in animals and humans. We do so by summarizing the effects of IF which - through metabolic, cellular and circadian mechanisms - lead to anatomical and functional changes in the brain. Our review shows that there is no clear evidence of a positive short-term effect of IF on cognition in healthy subjects. Clinical studies show benefits of IF for epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis on disease symptoms and progress. Findings from animal studies show mechanisms by which Parkinson’s disease, ischaemic stroke, autism spectrum disorder and mood- and anxiety disorders could benefit from IF. Future research should disentangle whether positive effects of IF hold true regardless of age or the presence of obesity. Also, variations in fasting patterns, total caloric intake and intake of specific nutrients may be relevant components of IF success. Longitudinal studies and Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) will provide a window into the long-term effects of IF on the development and progress of brain-related diseases.
Environmental Criticism in Kulah's Short Story Gus Tf Sakai's Work: An Overview of Ecocritics
Authors: Taqwiem Ahsani
Published: August 2021

Literary work is not born from an empty thing. It was born from the results of human hands on the other hand interacting and absorbing many things from the complexity of the environment in which it lives. This explains how a literary work has an intimate relationship with nature. Literary ecology exists as a bridge to understand how nature is placed in a work. The object of this research is Kulah's short story written by Gus Tf Sakai. Kulah's short story contains a lot of environmental criticism that is very strongly illustrated. Through interpretation efforts and descriptions when approaching the data in the form of quotations of words or sentences taken in my short story. Ecological theory tries to explain how humans and nature influence each other as an ecosystem. Some of the environmental criticisms contained in kulah short story are criticisms of the deteriorating condition of the watershed which has resulted in many disasters such as floods, massive forest loss, and the dangers of waste which must be a concern for all parties. Efforts to prevent damage to nature must be taken in various ways including through the literary path. Environmental damage is the beginning for other disasters, therefore the effort to understand literature through natural perspectives becomes very important and crucial. Ecological’s point of view when reading literature are expected to be one of the educational solutions for readers in order to take part in protecting nature.
The Linkage of Social Maturity and School Well-Being in High School Students in Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Authors: Jakarinda Armando , Mariyati Lely Ika
Published: August 2021

This study is in the background by the existence of School Well-Being Problems in Vocational Students. This study aims to determine the relationship between Social Maturity and School Well-Being of Class X and XI Students in November 10, Sidoarjo Vocational High School. This research is a correlational quantitative study. This study uses a sample of 186 students consisting of classes X and XI. The sampling technique used is Statified Random Sampling. Data collection techniques in this study used 2 scales, the first was  the  social  maturity scale  and  the  School  Well-Being scale.  The  results  showed  that  the  correlation coefficient was 0.993 with a significance level of p = 0.000 where p was smaller than 0.05. The results show that the hypothesis in this study is accepted. There is a relationship between social maturity with school well- being in class X and XI students in November 10, Sidoarjo Vocational High School.
Variation in inhibitor effects on qPCR assays and implications for eDNA surveys
Authors: Lance Richard , Guan Xin
Published: August 2021

Aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are sometimes impacted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. We tested varying concentrations of different inhibitors (humic, phytic, and tannic acids; crude leaf extracts) for impacts on quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays designed for eDNA surveys of bighead and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We also tested for inhibition by high concentrations of exogenous DNA, hypothesizing that DNA from increasingly closely related species would be increasingly inhibitory. All tested inhibitors impacted qPCR, though only at very high concentrations — likely a function, in part, of having used an inhibitor-resistant qPCR solution. Closer phylogenetic relatedness resulted in inhibition at lower exogenous DNA concentrations, but not at relatively close phylogenetic scales. Inhibition was also influenced by the qPCR reporter dye used. Importantly, different qPCR assays responded differently to the same inhibitor concentrations. Implications of these results are that the inclusion of more than one assay for the same target taxa in an eDNA survey may be an important countermeasure against false negatives and that internal positive controls may not, in the absence of efforts to maximize inhibition compatibility, provide useful information about the inhibition of an eDNA assay.
WITHDRAWN: Atropine Reverts the Neurobehavioral Toxicity Elicited by Acute Exposure to Buprofezin in Sprague Dowley Rats
Authors: Aslam Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Buprofezin (BPFN) is a thiadiazine insecticide that inhibits chitin synthesis and the moulting in case of white flies, mealybugs and leaf hoppers. The exposed insects are unable to shed their cuticle and ultimately die as moulting ensue. Neurobehavioral toxic effects elicited by buprofezin remained unclear. Furthermore, the reversal of buprofezin induced neurobehavioral toxicity by atropine was not elaborated. Thus, we explored the neurobehavioral toxic consequences of acute buprofezin exposure in adult male rats and effective reversal of these changes by pretreatment with atropine as an antidote. Acute administration of commercial buprofezin (87.9mg/kg/day through oral gavage with corn oil as vehicle) induce a wide range of neurobehavioral toxicity including damage to pyramidal cells of hippocampal CA1, and CA3,region and behavioral impairments as demonstrated through, loss of motor coordination, locomotor activity, fear loss, hearing, sensorimotor, cognitive and spatial navigation impairment following the exposure .These neurobehavioral toxic effect of acute buprofezin exposure were significantly reversed by the 15 min pre-treatment of atropine antidote before the buprofezin administration. Pre-treated atropine (20mg/kg/day;i.p) attenuates the neurobehavioral toxicity induced by buprofezin in male rats. It was suggested that acute buprofezin exposure elevated the acetylcholine level, by inhibiting the synthesis and release of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) in synapse. But the complete mechanisms are remained to be elucidated
Ganga River Water Quality Assessment using Combined Approaches: Physico-Chemical Parameters and Cyanobacterial Toxicity Detection with Special Reference to Microcystins and Molecular Characterization of Microcystin Synthetase (Mcy) Genes Carrying Cyanobacteria
Authors: KESARI VIGYA , Kumar Sanjay , Yadav Indrajeet , Chatterjee Antra , Rai Shweta , Pandey Shraddha
Published: August 2021

Water quality assessment relies mostly on physico-chemical based characterization however, eutrophication and climate change advocate the abundance of toxic microcystins (MCs) producing cyanobacteria as emerging bio-indicator. In the present study, a spatial-temporal analysis was carried out at ten sampling sites of Prayagraj and Varanasi during June 2017 and March 2018 to determine the Ganga River water quality using physico-chemical parameters, cyanobacteria diversity, detection of MCs producing strains and MC-LR equivalence. Coliform bacteria, COD, NO3-N and phosphate are the significant contaminated parameters favoring the growth of putative MCs producing cyanobacteria. National Sanitation Foundation WQI (NSFWQI) indicates water quality, either bad or medium category at sampling points. The morphological analysis confirms the occurrence of diverse cyanobacterial genera such as Microcystis, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Phormidium etc. PCR amplification affirmed the presence of toxic microcystin (mcy) genes in uncultured cyanobacteria at all the sampling sites. The concentration of MC-LR equivalence in water samples by protein phosphatase 1 inhibition assay (PPIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods was observed in the range of 23.4–172 ng/L and 13.2–97.5 ng/L respectively which is lower than the harmful exposure limit by World Health Organization (WHO). Ganga isolate 1 was identified as Microcystis based on partial 16S rDNA sequence and its toxicity was confirmed due to presence of mcy genes and MCs production potential. These findings suggest the presence of MCs producers as new emerging parameter to monitor water quality index and identification up to species level will be valuable for restoration strategies of river Ganga.
Removal of Ibuprofen From Synthetic Wastewater Using Photocatalytic Method in the Presence of Feo Photocatalyst Supported on Modified Iranian Clinoptilolite
Authors: Mohadesi Majid , Gouran Ashkan , Seifi Kiarash
Published: August 2021

This study investigated the removal of an organic drug called ibuprofen from the wastewater containing this drug. Iron oxide supported on modified Iranian clinoptilolite was used as the photocatalyst in the presence of the light of a solar lamp. XRD, SEM, EDAX and FT-IR analyses were performed to detect the prepared photocatalyst. The results of photocatalytic identification analyses proved the suitable loading of iron oxide supported on modified Iranian clinoptilolite. This study investigated the effect of initial concentration of ibuprofen (5–25 mg/L), photocatalyst concentration (100–300 mg/L), and process time (10–240 min) on the removal from ibuprofen from wastewater containing this drug. The experiments were performed in a setup in the presence of a solar lamp with a flux of 300 W/m2. The results indicated that with the initial ibuprofen concentration of 25 mg/L, photocatalyst concentration of 300 mg/L, and time of 210 min, the highest percentage of ibuprofen removal was 99.80%. Kinetic modeling was then performed using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and a quasi-first-order kinetic model showed a good agreement with the results obtained. Finally, the recovery of the photocatalyst was investigated and the results showed that under optimal conditions about 91% of ibuprofen was removed after five re-uses of the photocatalyst.
The Impact of Maladaptive Facebook Use on Self-Reported Eating Disorders During the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Mannino Giuseppe , Salerno Laura , Bonfanti Rubinia Celeste , Albano Gaia , Coco Gianluca Lo
Published: August 2021

Background: The social isolation due to the COVID-19-related lockdown has had an impact on social media consumption around the world. This study examines the relationship between fear of COVID-19, maladaptive Facebook use and disordered eating. Methods: Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyse two-wave survey data (T0: Italian first lockdown; T1: after two months) from 115 Italian subjects (91.3% females; mean age = 28.60 ± 7.31) with self-reported dysfunctional eating behaviors. Participants were assessed on Facebook use, dysfunctional eating cognitions, and fear of COVID-19. Results: Participants’ disordered eating cognitions increased during the pandemic. At T0, higher fear of COVID-19 was positively associated to time spent on Facebook, which in turn predicted disordered eating cognitions at T1. Moreover, maladaptive Facebook use mediated the relationship between daily time on Facebook and Shape concerns.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest an influence of dysfunctional Facebook use in increasing disordered eating cognitions during the pandemic.
Pneumonia Characteristics of Hospitalized Children Infected with Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma Pneumoniae
Authors: cui feifei , Tian Xiu-jun , Xin De-li , Han Xiao-hua , Wang Liang-yu , Dou Hai-wei , Wei Ran , Han Li-na , Yao Hui-sheng
Published: August 2021

Background: To investigate the drug resistance and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with drug-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MRMP).Methods: Sixty patients with MPP admitted to the Second Pediatric Respiratory Ward of Shengjing Hospital, Affiliated to China Medical University from November 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled in the study.Results: Of these 53/60 (88.3%) patients had Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleic acid identified by throat swab. 23S rRNA V region gene sequencing was performed, 47/49 (95.9%) had mutation sites, including 46 cases of A2063G, one case of A2064G, two cases of no mutation, and a final drug resistance rate of 95.9%. The summary characteristics of the 47 cases of drug-resistant MPP were based on 22 male and 25 female patients. The onset age was 6.9 ± 2.5 years and the total fever duration was 9.8 ± 3.7 days. The leukocyte count during the acute phase was (8,300 ± 4,200) cells/mm3, C-reactive Protein (CRP) was 18.2 (8.2–32.5) mg/L, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 2.1 (1.5–3.3), There was no significant difference between the acute phase and the convalescent phase for leukocyte count, P = 0.336. The NLR and CRP levels were significantly higher during the acute phase compared to the recovery period (P < 0.05). The level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased in 65.7% of patients, with a median of 248.5 (200.0–299.7) U/L. D-dimer levels were elevated in 59.4% of patients, with a median of 301.0 (188.5–545.0) mg/L. A total of 23/47 (48.9%) patients were diagnosed with severe MPP. The incidence of extra-pulmonary complications was 38.2%. Conclusions: In summary, MRMP patients had a fever of long duration, higher inflammatory index, higher LDH and D-dimer levels, and an increased incidence of extra-pulmonary complications.
A Systematic Study of Motif Pairs That May Facilitate Enhancer-Promoter Interactions
Authors: Wang Saidi , Hu Haiyan , Li Xiaoman
Published: August 2021

Background
Pairs of interacting transcription factors (TFs) have previously been shown to bind to enhancers and promoters and contribute to their physical interactions. However, to date, we have limited knowledge about such TF pairs. To fill this void, we systematically studied the co-occurrence of TF-binding motifs in interacting enhancer-promoter (EP) pairs in seven human cell lines.
Results
We discovered 423 motif pairs that significantly co-occur in enhancers and promoters of interacting EP pairs. We demonstrated that these motif pairs are biologically meaningful and significantly enriched with motif pairs of known interacting TF pairs. We also showed that the identified motif pairs facilitated the discovery of the interacting EP pairs. The predicted motifs and motif pairs are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14192000.
Conclusions
Our study provides a comprehensive list of motif pairs that may contribute to EP physical interactions, which facilitate to generate meaningful hypotheses for experimental validation.
High Complement Protein C1q Levels in Pulmonary Fibrosis and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Associated With Poor Prognosis
Authors: Kou Wenxin , Li Bo , Shi Yeifei , Zhao Yifan , Yu Qing , Zhuang Jianhui , Xu Yawei , Peng Wenhui
Published: August 2021

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common type of interstitial pneumonia. Lung cancer, mainly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. IPF is also an independent risk factor of lung cancer. Some studies have shown that the complement system can promote the progression of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, C1q has also demonstrated to exert a tumor-promoting effect in many tumors. However, the role of C1q in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer still remain unclear.Methods: We selected common differentially expressed genes in IPF and non-small cell lung cancer using datasets from GEO, and investigated common hub gene. The hub genes were validated in IPF by establishing mouse model of IPF and using another four datasets from the GEO. Multiple databases were analyzed including those of Kaplan–Meier Plotter, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0) and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for NSCLC. Results: In this study, 37 common DEGs were identified in IPF and NSCLC including 32 up-regulated genes and 5 down-regulated genes, and C1q was identified as common hub gene. The methylation status of C1q decreased and the expression levels of C1q increased in both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer and IPF patients with high levels of C1q is poor. Conclusions: These results show that C1q participates in pulmonary fibrosis and non-small cell lung cancer, and may be a potential diagnostic / prognostic biomarker or a therapeutic target.
Effects of Algal Utilization of Dissolved Organic Phosphorus by Microcystis Aeruginosa on its Adaptation Capability to Ambient Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Ren Lingxiao , Huang Jing , Zhu Junpan , Qi Ning , Ding Keqiang , Wang Yi
Published: August 2021

Phosphorus (P) plays an important role in eutrophication and algal adaptation to environmental stresses; therefore, a better understanding of the impact of P is essential to control cyanobacterial bloom. In this study, Microcystis aeruginosa was treated with 5-h of ambient irradiation in the culture medium with different availability of dissolved organic P (DOP) and dissolved organic matter (DOM), to explore algal responses. Compared to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ambient UV-A and UV-B radiation exerted oxidative stresses and had inhibitive effects on the growth and photosynthesis of M. aeruginosa in DOP-rich medium. However, M. aeruginosa had a strong adaptation capability and the negative effects of UV radiation were eliminated with DOM addition (5 mg L− 1 humic acid [HA]). Combining dissolved inorganic P (DIP) and DOP contents in the culture medium, adaptation of M. aeruginosa to UV radiation in the DOP-rich waters could be mainly achieved through the hydrolysis of DOP and metabolism of DIP, and the DOP utilization behaviors of M. aeruginosa greatly affected its UV adaptation capability. In DOP-rich medium without DOM, APase inactivation after UV radiation negatively affected DOP utilization by M. aeruginosa, and algal P demand for UV adaptation could not be fully met. DOM could act as an antioxidant and greatly decreased APase inactivation after UV radiation, when M. aeruginosa utilized DOP faster to produce more DIP and to increase algal carotenoid, phycocyanin production and its superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the DOP-rich medium, resulting in a strong UV adaptation capability. Consequently, M. aeruginosa showed the lowest adaptation capability to UV radiation in the DOP-free medium. Overall, our findings indicated the close relationship of algal DOP utilization and its adaptation to ambient UV radiation of typical cyanobacteria in DIP-limited and DOP-enriched natural waters.
A Hybrid Bandwith Allocation Algorithm for EPON-WiMAX Integrated Networks Based on Auction Process
Authors: Maher Mohamed Ahmed , El-samie Fathi Abd , Zahran Osama
Published: August 2021

Integration of Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) and WiMAX technologies is viewed as a great solution for next-generation broadband access networks. In the systems adopting this strategy, weighty bandwidth allocation schemes are fundamental to fulfil the quality of service (QoS) and fairness requirements of different traffic classes. Existing proposals to overcome the bandwidth allocation problem in EPON/WiMAX networks dismiss collaboration between the self-interested EPON and WiMAX service providers (WSPs). This study presents a novel EPON-based semi-dynamic bandwidth allocation (S-DBA) method that shows points of interest in the integration process. In the proposed algorithm depending on the auction process, the optical line terminal runs an auction to adequately post the optical network unit bandwidth that distributes the most elevated bidders based on the measurement of the accessible bandwidth. Simulation results demonstrate massive upgrades compared with fair sharing using dual-service-level agreements, ‘limited service’ interleaved polling with adaptive cycle time methods, bandwidth allocation strategy using Stackelberg game, and bandwidth allocation strategy using coalition game regarding the quality of service parameters such as throughput and time delay. This will be extremely helpful for optical system upgrading and improvement with minimal effort.
Universe: the dynamics of the minimum and maximum expansion states
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates
Published: August 2021

Two hypotheses stand out in describing the evolution of the Universe. The predominant one predicts that the current expansion began at a certain instant and will not preserve any variation of energy that performs work; apparent flat Universe (Ω = 1) is advocated by relativistic calculations and observational data, with an end or thermal death at its maximum expansion (3D Space). The other hypothesis considers that the Universe is cyclical (always alternating phases of expansion and contraction). This proposal aims to demonstrate that both hypotheses can be correct by not being distinct, but complementary. Supported by the immutability of physical laws, analyses of concepts such as space, mass, energy, gravity, spin, and entropy define an exclusive presence of 1D Space in the minimum and maximum expansion states of the Universe. With our 3D Space Universe created and existing between these extreme states, a complete universal evolution is outlined. More objectively, all the exposed dynamics complements the usual relativity. The concept of complete rest energy (1D Space) was able to be applied, demonstrating that the complete evolution of the Universe is spatially dynamic in a perpetual time dimension, always recreating our Universe.
Genome-wide Survey of the Dehydrin Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) and its Relatives: Identification, Evolution and Expression Profiling Under Various Abiotic Stresses
Authors: Hao Yongchao , Hao Ming , Wang Hongwei
Published: August 2021

Background: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important and fundamental cereal worldwide. With increasingly severe environmental stress, it is very important to mine stress-resistant genes for wheat breeding. Dehydrin (DHN) genes are primary candidates because they are involved in the response to many stressors. Results: Here, a genome-wide analysis of this gene family was performed on the genomes of wheat and its three relatives. A total of 55 DHN genes in Triticum aestivum, 31 in Triticum dicoccoides, 15 in Triticum urartu, and 16 in Aegilops tauschii were identified. The phylogenetic, synteny, sequence and protein structure analyses showed that the DHN genes were divided into five groups, Genes in the same group share similar conserved motifs, protein structures, and potential functions. The tandem TaDHN genes responded strongly to drought, cold and high salinity stresses, while the non-tandem genes were responded weakly to all stress conditions. Further, multiple DHN proteins cooperation maybe an important way to prevent plants from abiotic stress according to the interaction network analysis. Conclusions: Conserved, duplicated DHN genes may have played an important role in the adaptation of wheat to a variety of conditions, hence, contributing to the distribution of bread wheat as a global staple food. This research illuminates the contributions of DHN genes to abiotic stresses in Triticeae species and offers helpful information for further functional study of DHN genes in these crops.
Task-Driven Knowledge Graph Filtering Improves Prioritizing Drugs for Repurposing
Authors: Ratajczak Florin , Joblin Mitchell , Ringsquandl Martin , Hildebrandt Marcel
Published: August 2021

Background Drug repurposing aims at finding new targets for already developed drugs. It becomes more relevant as the cost of discovering new drugs steadily increases. To find new potential targets for a drug, an abundance of methods and existing biomedical knowledge from different domains can be leveraged. Recently, knowledge graphs have emerged in the biomedical domain that integrate information about genes, drugs, diseases and other biological domains. Knowledge graphs can be used to predict new connections between compounds and diseases, leveraging the interconnected biomedical data around them. While real world use cases such as drug repurposing are only interested in one specific relation type, widely used knowledge graph embedding models simultaneously optimize over all relation types in the graph. This can lead the models to underfit the data that is most relevant for the desired relation type. We propose a method that leverages domain knowledge in the form of metapaths and use them to filter two biomedical knowledge graphs (Hetionet and DRKG) for the purpose of improving performance on the prediction task of drug repurposing while simultaneously increasing computational efficiency. Results We find that our method reduces the number of entities by 60% on Hetionet and 26% on DRKG, while leading to an improvement in prediction performance of up to 40.8% on Hetionet and 12.4% on DRKG, with an average improvement of 17.5% on Hetionet and 5.1% on DRKG. Additionally, prioritization of antiviral compounds for SARS CoV-2 improves after task-driven filtering is applied. Conclusion Knowledge graphs contain facts that are counter productive for specific tasks, in our case drug repurposing. We also demonstrate that these facts can be removed, resulting in an improved performance in that task and a more efficient learning process.
Integrative RNA-seq and ATAC-seq Analysis of Retinitis Pigmentosa Caused by PDE6 Mutation
Authors: Xu Wenrong , Li Yan , Feng Xiaoxiao , Xiao Libo , Li Lan , Jiao Kangwei
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Inhibition of PARP1 could relieve PDE6 mutation-induced Retinitis pigmentosa (RP). However, the mechanism related with PARP1 overexpression in the RP has not been clarified. We attempted to explore the potential regulatory mechanism related with PARP1 underlying RP. Methods: ATAC-seq and RNA-seq were preformed for retina tissues of C3H and rd1 mice. The differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by PARP1-DEG coexpression network, and PPI network construction. GO-BP and pathway enrichment of DEGs of interest were performed by clusterprofiler software. The overlapped genes that might play regulatory role in PARP1 expression were mined by integrated analysis of RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data. Results: Total 1061 DEGs were identified between C3H and rd1 group. Co-expression network was constructed with 313 PARP1-gene coexpression pairs. The down-regulated DEGs were closely related with visual perception, light stimulus related biological process, while the up-regulated DEGs were significantly enriched in phototransduction and PPAR signaling pathway. PPI network was constructed with 202 nodes and 375 edges, which was clustered into 3 modules. Module 1 genes were closely related with detection of light stimulus, visual perception related biological process and phototransduction pathway (involved with Gnat1/Guca1b/Gnat2/Sag/Pde6g). By integrated analysis of the RNA-seq and ATAC-seq, the overlapped up-regulated genes were Asxl3 and Nyap2, while the down-regulated genes were Tmem136 and Susd3. Conclusion: Gnat1 may play a key role in RP development by interacting with PARP1. Susd3 may play a regulatory role in PARP1 expression and affect RP formation.
Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Biofeedback-Assisted Jacobsons Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Jpmr) for Managingmild/Moderate Depression
Authors: baral Swayamprava prava , Raghuvanshi Gyanendra , paliwal Abhay
Published: August 2021

Biofeedback is the way of gaining greater awareness of physiological functions with a goal of self-regulation. JPMR (Jacobsons progressive muscle relaxation) causes release of tension in the skeletal muscles, neuro-muscular system is thus seen as a mediator in the relief of depressive symptoms. This study aimed to see the Comparative efficacy of Biofeedback assisted JPMR, Escitalopram and Bimodal use of both in management in mild/moderate depression. The study was conducted at Mental hospital, Indore, with a Sample Size of 30 [Group A 10 ; biofeedback ,Group B 10 ; Escitalopram ,Group C 10;both]. 8 sessions of biofeedback assisted JPMR was given to group A and C .Escitalopram was given group B and C. HAM-D and BDI was applied at baseline , 4 weeks and 8 weeks. As per BDI scale scores, Biofeedback assisted JPMR combined with escitalopram has significantly better response than only biofeedback or only Escitalopram in patients of mild to moderate depression. As per HAM-D scale scores, Biofeedback assisted JPMR combined with escitalopram has significantly better response than only biofeedback or only Escitalopram in patients of mild to moderate depression. Thus Biofeedback appears to be a useful adjunctive treatment for mild to moderate depressive episode.
A Large-Scale Bibliometric Analysis of Global Climate Change Research Between 2001 and 2018
Authors: Fu Hui-Zhen , Waltman Ludo
Published: August 2021

Global climate change is attracting widespread scientific, political, and public attention owing to the involvement of international initiatives such as the Paris Agreement and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. We present a large-scale bibliometric analysis based on approximately 120,000 climate change publications between 2001 and 2018 to examine how climate change is studied in scientific research. Our analysis provides an overview of scientific knowledge, shifts of research hotspots, global geographical distribution of research, and focus of individual countries. In our analysis, we identify five key fields in climate change research: physical sciences, paleoclimatology, climate-change ecology, climate technology, and climate policy. We draw the following key conclusions: (1) Over the investigated time period, the focus of climate change research has shifted from understanding the climate system toward climate technologies and policies, such as efficient energy use and legislation. (2) There is an imbalance in scientific production between developed and developing countries. (3) Geography, national demands, and national strategies have been important drivers that influence the research interests and concerns of researchers in different countries. Our study can be used by researchers and policy makers to reflect on the directions in which climate change research is developing and discuss priorities for future research.
Relativity and View Effects
Authors: Fischli Bernard
Published: August 2021

Relativity has been based on the implicit assumption that it would exclusively describe interactions. Relativistic view effects are included as well, and they act with no force and no energy exchanges. The Ehrenfest paradox is solved. View effects specific to each point of view are the solution. The calculation of the deflection of light by the sun explains in detail why the deflection angle must be almost double the value obtained with Newton’s laws. The compatibility of General Relativity with the new interpretation is discussed. An object has no speed limit due to gravitation but it is limited in speed with electromagnetism. Inertial behavior is examined. The equivalence principle does not introduce gravitation to General Relativity. Relativity impacts the energy formula of electromagnetism using the Lorentz factor which also introduces view effects that are optical illusions with no impact on energy.