bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ukraine a country in crisis between Europe, Russia, and a complex electoral process
Authors: Figus Alessandro , Alberti Alessandra , de Serio Ludovico
Published: July 2020

To this day, Ukraine is still experiencing difficult times both economically and politically. The economic and political crisis at the end of 2014, which led to the dismissal of President Yanukovich, meant that the territory of Crimea and, therefore, the port of Sevastopol as well, remained under Russian control. The new elections of 2019 carried a breath of fresh air and hope also for new relationships with Russia. The paper wants to photograph this situation and analyse the recent 2019 presidential elections.
Social Holiness and Social Justice
Authors: Walton Roger L
Published: July 2020

This article explores the connection between social holiness and social justice. It accepts the view of Andrew C Thompson that ‘social holiness’ in Methodist history has a distinctive meaning which was not linked to, and quite different from, the notion of social justice. However, it argues that encountering grace was not restricted to the gathering of Christians in Wesley's theology or practice and that missional engagement opens another channel or means of grace. Acts of mercy are themselves expressions of and encounters with holiness, so that holiness will lead us to justice and justice to holiness. Social holiness and social justice are, thus, part of a divine ecology where one follows the other in the rhythm of discipleship.
Assimilation, Accommodation and Appropriation: Three attitudes to truth in science and religion
Authors: Garnett James
Published: July 2020

This article addresses the relationship between experience and belief, focusing on the role of science in the debate between secular Humanism and Christianity. It suggests that the possibility of appropriating experience to belief – taking action to bring experience into line with belief – distinguishes spiritual belief from systematic belief (in which the object is independent of beliefs about it); but that the boundary between these two forms of belief is itself a matter of (metaphysical) belief. Understanding science and religion, Humanism and Christianity in relationship to systematic and spiritual belief-structures helps to bring clarity to the debate.
Secondary education and international labor mobility: evidence from the natural experiment in the Philippines
Authors: Sakai Yoko , Masuda Kazuya
Published: July 2020

International labor mobility is a key factor for a well-functioning labor market. Although educational attainment is known to affect regional labor mobility within a country, evidence of a relationship between schooling and international labor mobility is limited, particularly in developing countries. This study uses the across-cohort variation in the exposure to the 1988 free secondary education reform in the Philippines to examine the impact of years of education on the propensity of working abroad. The results suggest that free secondary education increased the years of education for men. Moreover, the additional years of education reduced the likelihood of working abroad by 3.2% points on average. However, an extra year of female education was not associated with the probability of working abroad. These results indicate that a program for improving access to secondary education may affect international labor mobility for men even after a few decades. It underscores the importance of considering the possible labor market consequences when designing the education reform in developing countries.
Living with Reindeer Thirty Years After Socialism: Land Use and Large Reindeer Herding Among the Evenki of Southeast Siberia
Authors: Brandišauskas Donatas
Published: July 2020

30 years after socialism many groups of Evenki reindeer herders failed to survive in the suboreal taiga of East Siberia. By making reference to two case studies from the northern part of the Zabaikal region and southern part of the Republic of Sakha, this article shows how the successful continuation of reindeer herding is based on the ability of charismatic leaders mobilising Evenki communities around reindeer herding and subsistence economies. This success also relies on connection to different agents of power in local administrations, large cities and governments and the use of all of the available opportunities that infrastructure or economic agents can offer.
Biosensor of inflammation biomarkers based on electrical bioimpedance analysis on immobilized DNA without chemical modification
Authors: Gómez-López Modesto , Miliar-García Ángel , Pérez-Vielma Nadia Mabel , Lara-Padilla Eleazar , González-Díaz César Antonio
Published: July 2020

The development of biosensors to identify molecular markers or specific genes is fundamental for the implementation of new techniques that allow the detection of specific Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences in a fast, economic and simple way. Different detection techniques have been proposed in the development of biosensors. Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (EBiS) has been used for diagnosis and monitoring of human pathologies, and is recognized as a safe, fast, reusable, easy and inexpensive technique. This study proves the development of a complementary DNA (cDNA) biosensor based on measurements of EBiS and DNA's immobilization with no chemical modifications. The evaluation of its potential utility in the detection of the gene expression of three inflammation characteristic biomarkers (NLRP3, IL-1β and Caspase 1) is presented. The obtained results demonstrate that EBiS can be used to identify different gene expression patterns, measurements that were validated by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). These results indicate the technical feasibility for a biosensor of specific genes through bioimpedance measurements on the immobilization of cDNA.
Confidence Intervals of Gini Coefficient Under Unequal Probability Sampling
Authors: Berger Yves G. , Balay İklim Gedik
Published: July 2020

We propose an estimator for the Gini coefficient, based on a ratio of means. We show how bootstrap and empirical likelihood can be combined to construct confidence intervals. Our simulation study shows the estimator proposed is usually less biased than customary estimators. The observed coverages of the empirical likelihood confidence interval proposed are also closer to the nominal value.
Switching Between Different Non-Hierachical Administrative Areas via Simulated Geo-Coordinates: A Case Study for Student Residents in Berlin
Authors: Groß Marcus , Kreutzmann Ann-Kristin , Rendtel Ulrich , Schmid Timo , Tzavidis Nikos
Published: July 2020

The transformation of area aggregates between non-hierarchical area systems (administrative areas) is a standard problem in official statistics. For this problem, we present a proposal which is based on kernel density estimates. The approach applies a modification of a stochastic expectation maximization algorithm, which was proposed in the literature for the transformation of totals on rectangular areas to kernel density estimates. As a by-product of the routine, one obtains simulated geo-coordinates for each unit. With the help of these geo-coordinates, it is possible to calculate case numbers for any area system of interest. The proposed method is evaluated in a design-based simulation based on a close-to-reality, simulated data set with known exact geo-coordinates. In the empirical part, the method is applied to student resident figures from Berlin, Germany. These are known only at the level of ZIP codes, but they are needed for smaller administrative planning districts. Results for (a) student concentration areas and (b) temporal changes in the student residential areas between 2005 and 2015 are presented and discussed.
Measuring the Sustainable Development Goal Indicators: An Unprecedented Statistical Challenge
Authors: MacFeely Steve
Published: July 2020

In March 2017, the United Nations (UN) Statistical Commission adopted a measurement framework for the UN Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development, comprising of 232 indicators designed to measure the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their respective 169 targets. The scope of this measurement framework is so ambitious it led Mogens Lykketoft, President of the seventieth session of the UN General Assembly, to describe it as an ‘unprecedented statistical challenge’.

Naturally, with a programme of this magnitude, there will be foreseen and unforeseen challenges and consequences. This article outlines some of the key differences between the Millennium Development Goals and the SDGs, before detailing some of the measurement challenges involved in compiling the SDG indicators, and examines some of the unanticipated consequences arising from the mechanisms put in place to measure progress from a broad political economy perspective.
Congenital Cutaneous Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma in a Newborn Calf
Authors: Epikmen Erkmen Tuğrul , Aydogan Ahmet , Avci Hamdi , Birincioğlu Sümbül Serap
Published: July 2020

A one-day-old female Holstein calf was presented with subcutaneous masses spread over the whole body. Macroscopically, the masses were firm in touch, greyish-white in colour, 0.5-2 cm in diameter range. Histopathological examination confirmed the cutaneous Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE). Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed sheets of spindled endothelial cells forming vascular slits. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells and capillaries gave strongly positive reaction for CD31 while vimentin, alpha smooth muscle actin and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 were negative. In this case, macroscopical, detailed histhopathological and immunohistochemical findings of congenital KHE reported firstly in a newborn calf.
Achieving innovative firm performance through human capital and the effect of social capital
Authors: Samad Sarminah
Published: July 2020

For the past decade, human capital has been recognized as one of the crucial assets of any firm’s overall performance. Previous studies widely advocated a linear link between human capital and innovative firm performance, arguing that there are a variety of factors to examine if the relationship between human capital and innovative firm performance is to be properly understood. The focus of this study was to examine the effect of social capital on the relationship between human capital and innovative firm performance. Specifically, it examined the relationship between human capital and social capital and between human capital and innovative firm performance. It also examined the relationship between social capital and innovative firm performance. A total of 294 questionnaires were obtained from managerial staff in automotive companies in Malaysia and the data was analysed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) test. The results indicated a direct effect between human capital and innovative performance. It was found that human capital is significantly related to social capital and that there is a significant relationship between social capital and innovative firm performance, indicating the ability of social capital to improve innovative firm performance. Finally, it revealed that innovative firm performance could be achieved by human capital through the role of valuable social capital and that good innovative firm performance leads to more prudent and sustainable organisations. The results provide pertinent implications for academia, policymakers and market players while also contributing to the research fields of strategic management, human capital, social capital and performance.
A technology of drinking water decontamination from radon and its decay products
Authors: Voinov Igor , Remez Viktor P. , Ioshin Alexey A. , Semenishchev Vladimir S. , Gorchakov Dmitry A.
Published: July 2020

Underground water is one of the main sources of radon for households. This article focuses on the estimation and removal of radon from underground water using the technology and inorganic sorbents developed by EKSORB Ltd., Russia for liquid radioactive waste treatment in the nuclear power industry. The article presents the results of tests of a system for the removal of radon and radon daughters from water patented by EKSORB. This is achieved by filtering water through RATZIR sorbent, followed by periodic load regeneration. Over a period of three years, the plant is successful in removing radon from the water that had an initial radon content of approximately 1500 Bq/L to less than 60 Bq/L, without releasing radon to indoor/outdoor air.
Using a scale model room to assess the contribution of building material of volcanic origin to indoor radon
Authors: Lucchetti Carlo , Castelluccio Mauro , Altamore Matteo , Briganti Alessandra , Galli Gianfranco , Soligo Michele , Tuccimei Paola , Voltaggio Mario
Published: July 2020

In the frame of Radon rEal time monitoring System and Proactive Indoor Remediation (RESPIRE), a LIFE 2016 project funded by the European Commission, the contribution of building materials of volcanic origin to indoor radon concentration was investigated. First, total gamma radiation and related outdoor dose rates of geological materials in the Caprarola area (Central Italy) were measured to define main sources of radiation. Second, 222Rn and 220Rn exhalation rates of these rocks used as building materials were measured using an accumulation chamber connected in a closed loop with a RAD7 radon monitor. Among others, the very porous “Tufo di Gallese” ignimbrite provided the highest values. This material was then used to construct a scale model room of 62 cm × 50 cm × 35 cm (inner length × width × height, respectively) to assess experimental radon and thoron activity concentration at equilibrium and study the effects of climatic conditions and different coatings on radon levels. A first test was carried out at ambient temperature to determine experimental 222Rn and 220Rn equilibrium activities in the model room, not covered with plaster or other coating materials. Experimental 222Rn equilibrium was recorded in just two days demonstrating that the room “breaths”, exchanging air with the outdoor environment. This determines a dilution of indoor radon concentration. Other experiments showed that inner covers (such as plasterboard and different kinds of paints) partially influence 222Rn but entirely cut the short-lived 220Rn. Finally, decreases in ambient temperature reduce radon exhalation from building material and, in turn, indoor activity concentration.
Exposures from radon, thoron, and thoron progeny in high background radiation area in Takandeang, Mamuju, Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Miki Arian , Nugraha Eka Djatnika , Purwanti Tri , Arifianto Rokhmat , Laksmana Roza Indra , Hutabarat Richard P. , Hosoda Masahiro , Tokonami Shinji
Published: July 2020

The exposure from radon, thoron, and thoron progeny was measured for 45 dwellings in high background radiation area in Takandeang, Indonesia with ambient dose equivalent rate ranging from 0.34 μSv h−1 to 1.90 μSv h−1. The measurement was taken using passive radon and thoron discriminative detector and thoron progeny detector. This measurement was taken from November 2018 to October 2019, and within one month the detector would be replaced with a new detector. The concentrations of radon, thoron, and thoron progeny were calculated as 42–490 Bq m−3, 20–618 Bq m−3, and 4–40 Bq m−3, respectively. The concentrations for outdoor were 49–435 Bq m−3, 23–457 Bq m−3, and 4–37 Bq m−3, respectively, and the annual effective dose was 9.8–28.6 mSv y−1. Based on the result of Spearman’s correlations analysis between the indoor radon and thoron concentrations and between the indoor thoron progeny and thoron concentrations, we suggest that exposure to thoron cannot be predicted from exposure to radon, and the equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration has a large uncertainty when it is estimated from thoron concentration assuming a single thoron equilibrium factor.
Radon variability due to floor level in two typical residential buildings in Serbia
Authors: Udovicic Vladimir , Veselinovic Nikola , Maletic Dimitrije , Banjanac Radomir , Dragic Aleksandar , Jokovic Dejan , Savic Mihailo , Knezevic David , Savkovic Maja Eremic
Published: July 2020

It is well known that one of the factors that influence the indoor radon variability is the floor level of the buildings. Considering the fact that the main source of indoor radon is radon in soil gas, it is expected that the radon concentration decreases at higher floors. Thus at higher floors the dominant source of radon is originating from building materials, and in some cases there may be deviations from the generally established regularity. In such sense, we chose one freestanding single-family house with loft and other 16-floor high-rise residential building for this study. The indoor radon measurements were performed by two methods: passive and active. We used passive devices based on track-etched detectors: Radtrak2 Radonova. For the short-term indoor radon measurements, we used two active devices: SN1029 and SN1030 (manufactured by Sun Nuclear Corporation). The first device was fixed in the living room at the ground level and the second was moved through the floors of the residential building. Every measuring cycle at the specified floor lasted seven days with the sampling time of 2 h. The results show two different indoor radon behaviours regarding radon variability due to floor level. In the single-family house with loft we registered intense difference between radon concentration in the ground level and loft, while in the high-rise residential building the radon level was almost the same at all floors, and hence we may conclude that radon originated mainly from building materials.
Virtual reality and consumer behavior: constraints, negotiation, negotiation-efficacy, and participation in virtual golf
Authors: Choi Chulhwan , Yoo Sin-Wook , Park Jin , Greenwell T. Christopher
Published: July 2020

The emergence of virtual sports shows promises in encouraging participation among those who may be constrained from participating in traditional recreational sports (Choi et al., 2019). To maximize virtual sports’ potential in increasing sports participation, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between constraints, negotiation, negotiation-efficacy, and participation. Results from virtual golf participants found that, as predicted, (a) constraints had a negative direct influence on participation, (b) negotiation-efficacy had a negative direct influence on constraints, (c) negotiation-efficacy had a positive direct influence on negotiation, and negotiation had a positively direct influence on participation. The findings of this study indicated that reduced constraints did not result in increasing virtual golf consumers’ participation because negotiation did not play a significant role in their decision to participate. Thus, the current study provides a comprehensive understanding of interrelationships among leisure participation, constraints, and negotiation, particularly extending to the context of virtual golf.
MarQR technology for measuring relative displacements of building structure elements with regard to joints and cracks
Authors: Woźniak Marek , Woźniak Krzysztof
Published: July 2020

The article presents an original optical system to measure displacements across joints or cracks in building structures. It describes the concept of system operation, algorithms to be followed and results of practical tests that have been performed.

The proposed solution is based on digital photos taken with a non-metric digital camera, modified by defining its internal orientation elements and correction of lens distortion during calibration, constituting the measurement instrument registering the pictures of markers. QR (Quick Response) codes are proposed to be the markers. Being digitally processed, a set of registered images allow visualising the measured size of occurred displacements.

Owing to this solution, it is possible to obtain data on a mutual position of two or more QR codes in the form of translation elements in 3D space and appropriate three orientation angles. Appointed elements are unequivocal in spatial interpretation and not limited by dimension.

As the tests performed by the authors show, the results are more than satisfactory. The proposed measurement technology is an objective system of data acquisition, suitable for automating the whole monitoring process of displacements of building structure elements concerning joints and cracks.
The Most Important Motivational Factors for Employees in Industrial Enterprises Regarding the Differences Between Various Generational Groups
Authors: Mĺkva Miroslava , Kučerová Marta , Babeľová Zdenka Gyurák
Published: July 2020

The paper presents results of the research focused on the coexistence of different generations of employees. Described in the paper is the importance of selected motivational factors and motivational needs fulfilment with respect to different generational groups of employees. The research was carried out at the University based on the data collection from business practice of industrial enterprises. The analysed data were collected in 2018, the total sample consisted of 534 respondents. The respondents were exclusively employees of industrial enterprises. Based on the processing, analysis and evaluation of the collected data, it is possible to draw some recommendations for the management of industrial enterprises, which has to continually face the question of how to approach staff management effectively. The research results are based on examination of different preferences of the employees from various generations, and they point at the need of taking into account the requirements and needs of employees, differentiated according to their age. Respecting these requirements will make possible for managers to take into account the specificities of employees of different ages, and to indicate the ways of effectively managing the age-diversified workforce.
The influence of the soil constitutive models on the seismic analysis of pile-supported wharf structures with batter piles in cut-slope rock dike
Authors: Deghoul Lylia , Gabi Smail , Hamrouni Adam
Published: July 2020

In coastal regions, earthquakes caused severe damage to marine structures. Many researchers have conducted numerical investigations in order to understand the dynamic behavior of these structures. The most frequently used model in numerical calculations of soil is the linear-elastic perfectly plastic model with a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion (MC model). It is recommended to use this model to represent a first-order approximation of soil behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to accommodate soil constitutive models for the specific geotechnical problems.

In this paper, three soil constitutive models with different accuracy were applied by using the two-dimensional finite element software PLAXIS to study the behavior of pile-supported wharf embedded in rock dike, under the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. These models are: a linear-elastic perfectly plastic model (MC model), an elastoplastic model with isotropic hardening (HS model), and the Hardening Soil model with an extension to the small-strain stiffness (HSS model).

A typical pile-supported wharf structure with batter piles from the western United States ports was selected to perform the study. The wharf included cut-slope (sliver) rock dike configuration, which is constituted by a thin layer of rockfill overlaid by a slope of loose sand. The foundation soil and the backfill soil behind the wharf were all dense sand. The soil parameters used in the study were calibrated in numerical soil element tests (Oedometer and Triaxial tests).

The wharf displacement and pore pressure results obtained using models with different accuracy were compared to the numerical results of Heidary-Torkamani et al.[28] It was found that the Hardening Soil model with small-strain stiffness (HSS model) gives clearly better results than the MC and HS models.

Afterwards, the pile displacements in sloping rockfill were analyzed. The displacement time histories of the rock dike at the top and at the toe were also exposed. It can be noted that during the earthquake there was a significant lateral ground displacement at the upper part of the embankment due to the liquefaction of loose sand. This movement caused displacement at the dike top greater than its displacement at the toe. Consequently, the behavior of the wharf was affected and the pile displacements were important, specially the piles closest to the dike top.
Key Challenges in Modelling an Epidemic – What Have we Learned from the COVID-19 Epidemic so far
Authors: Eržen Ivan , Kamenšek Tina , Fošnarič Miha , Žibert Janez
Published: July 2020

Mathematical modelling can be useful for predicting how infectious diseases progress, enabling us to show the likely outcome of an epidemic and help inform public health interventions. Different modelling techniques have been used to predict and simulate the spread of COVID-19, but they have not always been useful for epidemiologists and decision-makers. To improve the reliability of the modelling results, it is very important to critically evaluate the data used and to check whether or not due regard has been paid to the different ways in which the disease spreads through the population. As building an epidemiological model that is reliable enough and suits the current epidemiological situation within a country or region, certain criteria must be met in the modelling process. It might be necessary to use a combination of two or more different types of models in order to cover all aspects of epidemic modelling. If we want epidemiological models to be a useful tool in combating the epidemic, we need to engage experts from epidemiology, data science and statistics.
Slovenian Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Health-Related Quality of Life Measures for Chronic Otitis Media (COMQ-12), Vertigo (DHI, NVI) and TINNITUS (THI)
Authors: Vozel Domen , Steiner Nejc , Božanić Urbančič Nina , Mladenov Dejan , Battelino Saba
Published: July 2020

Purpose

To provide physicians and patients with the tools needed to evaluate patients’ problems and health-related quality of life by cross-culturally adapting and validating the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire 12 (COMQ-12), the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), the Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory (NVI) and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI).

Materials and methods

COMQ-12, DHI, NVI and THI were translated into the Slovenian language and completed by patients treated at our department for chronic otitis media, vertigo or tinnitus. The control group for each questionnaire consisted of healthy volunteers. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, diagnostic accuracy and cut-off value were determined for each questionnaire.

Results

Test-retest reliability was excellent for DHI (ICC A=0.946) and NVI (p=0.315, ICC A=0.975), good to excellent for COMQ-12 (p=0.680, ICC A=0.858) and satisfactory for THI (p=0.120). Discriminant validity was confirmed for each questionnaire (p>0.05) using the Mann-Whitney U test (COMQ-12, DHI, THI) or the Welch t-test (NVI). COMQ-12 had acceptable (α=0.796) and DHI (α=0.910), NVI (α=0.950) and THI (α=0.924) perfect internal consistency. COMQ-12 and DHI had excellent, NVI acceptable and THI perfect diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.987, AUC=0.999, AUC=0.781 and AUC=1.000 respectively). Cut-off values determined by Youden’s index were 7, 7, 9 and 56 for COMQ-12, THI, DHI and NVI, respectively.

Conclusion

Slovenian COMQ-12, DHI, NVI and THI are a valid and accurate tool for the diagnosis and measurement of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic otitis media, vertigo and tinnitus. They could aid general practitioners, occupational health specialists, neurologists and otorhinolaryngologists.
Quality of Life Assessment in Patients with Malocclusion Undergoing Orthodontic and Orthognathic Treatment
Authors: Vučić Ljiljana , Glišić Branislav , Vučić Uroš , Drulović Jelena , Pekmezović Tatjana
Published: July 2020

Introduction

The objective of this study was to assess pre-treatment quality of life and the relevant clinical variables in adult patients with malocclusion in order to improve orthodontic treatment strategies.

Methods

The study was conducted in 240 consecutive adult patients with malocclusions divided into two groups: patients for whom an orthodontic treatment plan was considered, and patients for whom an orthognathic treatment plan was selected. Patients were examined between December 2015 and February 2017, at the School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade. Malocclusion severity was recorded using the Peer Assessment Rating index pre-treatment score. Skeletal malocclusion parameters were measured using lateral cephalometric radiographs. Quality of life was assessed by means of a generic questionnaire (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36)), and the disease-specific Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ).

Results

There were significant differences in the mean values of the OQLQ domain scores between orthodontic and orthognathic patients. Patients for whom orthodontic treatment was planned had statistically significantly lower scores in comparison to those for whom orthognathic treatment was planned. This was the case in all OQLQ domains except for “Awareness of facial deformity”. Statistically significant correlations (p<0.05) were presented between OQLQ scores and following demographic and clinical variables: gender, age, malocclusion severity, maxillary and mandibular sagittal, maxillary vertical, and lower incisor positions, intermaxillary angle, and the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory levels. The independent predictors for the planning of orthodontic and orthognathic treatment in patients with malocclusion were two OQLQ domains, “Facial aesthetics” and “Awareness of facial deformity”, as well as total OQLQ score, after adjustment for demographic characteristics, skeletal parameters, anxiety and depression.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that patients for whom orthodontic treatment was planned demonstrated better quality of life according to the OQLQ scores in comparison to those for whom orthognathic therapy was planned.
The Linkage Between Labour Standards and International Trade: How to Offset the Global Inequality?1
Authors: Tyc Aneta
Published: July 2020

From a historical point of view, the linkage between core labour standards and global trade has been recurrent for 200 years. Supporters of such a correlation argue that countries that do not respect the International Labour Organization (ILO) core labour standards gain competitive advantage that can result in a ‘race to the bottom’ phenomenon. Critics claim that protectionism and false humanitarianism is hidden behind this concept. Despite a long debate on this subject, there is still significant divergence in power between developed and developing countries. A response to the plight of many workers is still needed. Thus, the author will focus on some attempts to resolve existing problems, mainly: whether labour standards should be left to the ILO, included in the World Trade Organization (WTO) agenda or both forces should be combined; whether the inclusion of a social clause in trade agreements could improve the situation of workers; whether the imposition of trade sanctions on countries that do not adhere to the core labour standards could ensure the extension of fundamental rights of workers on their citizens. The author will also comment on the concept of a global labour and trade framework agreement (GLTFA), that is, the proposal based on international framework agreements and ILO tripartite system.
INSTALASI JARINGAN KOMPUTER DAN SERVER UNTUK MENYELENGGARAKAN SIMULASI DAN PELAKSANAAN UNBK BAGI SISWA KELAS XII T.A. 2018/2019 MA SALAFIYAH AL FALAH BANDUNG
Authors: Atmaja Ratri Dwi
Published: July 2020

MA Salafiyah Al Falah merupakan sekolah yang berlokasi di Jalan Ciganitri Pertanian, Desa Lengkong, Kecamatan Bojongsoang, Kabupaten Bandung. Pada tahun 2019 MA Salafiyah terdaftar sebagai salah satu sekolah yang mengikuti Ujian Nasional Berbasis Komputer (UNBK). Untuk dapat mengikuti UNBK, sekolah diwajibkan memiliki infrastruktur yang memadai untuk menjamin suksesnya kegiatan pelaksanaan UNBK. Karena MA Salafiyah belum memiliki infrastruktur yang cukup maka kami membantu kegiatan tersebut sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Bentuk kegiatan berupa pelaksanaan Simulasi II UAMBN-BK, gladi bersih UAMBN-BK, gladi bersih UNBK, UAMBN-BK, dan UNBK. Kegiatan tersebut dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Sinyal Digital, Fakultas Teknik Elektro, Universitas Telkom. Peserta berjumlah 16 siswa kelas XII tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan tersebut, dibutuhkan 17 komputer (16 client dan 1 server) serta akses internet. Server berupa komputer dengan spesifikasi processor core i7, RAM 8 GB, dan HD 1 TB. Sesuai requirement pelaksanaan UNBK, yang disediakan akses internet hanyalah komputer server. Komputer server digunakan untuk mendownload soal ujian nasional dari server pusat Kementerian Agama dan mengupload hasil jawaban seluruh client (siswa) ke server pusat. Sedangkan antara komputer server dan komputer client menggunakan jaringan lokal.
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA BRANDING BAGI SENTRA UKM REST AREA PASIR JAMBU
Authors: Arumsari Rizki Yantami
Published: July 2020

Sentra UKM Rest Area Pasirjambu merupakan sekelompok UKM yang bergabung dalam sebuah sentra di wilayah Rest Area Pasirjambu, tepatnya berlokasi di Jl. Raya Pasir Jambu KM 10, Ciwidey, Bandung. Sentra UKM Rest Area Pasirjambu terhitung masih baru didirikan, yaitu pada pertengahan 2017. Kondisi ini menyebabkan brand awareness dari masyarakat sekitar dan pengunjung rest area pasirjambu masih rendah. Tentu saja hal ini membutuhkan strategi bisnis tertentu salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan penguatan Brand. Oleh Karena itu, pada pengabdian masyarakat kolaborasi internal ini akan dilakukan formulasi strategi Branding melalui implementasi pada berbagai media Informasi dan komunikasi seperti media interaktif (website dan social media), media identitas perusahaan (logo, stationary, sign system, seragam, dsb), dan media persuasi/ promosi. Dengan penerapan media informasi dan komunikasi yang terintegrasi diharapkan tujuan dalam meningkatkan tingkat kunjungan sekaligus penguatan brand Sentra UKM ini dapat terwujud.
Kidney health for everyone everywhere – from prevention to detection and equitable access to care
Authors: Kam-Tao Li Philip , Garcia-Garcia G. , Lui S.-F. , Andreoli S. , Wing-Shing Fung W. , Hradsky A. , Kumaraswami L. , Liakopoulos V. , Rakhimova Z. , Saadi G. , Strani L. , Ulasi I. , Kalantar-Zadeh K.
Published: July 2020

The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly increasing with a projection of becoming the 5th most common cause of years of life lost globally by 2040. Aggravatingly, CKD is a major cause of catastrophic health expenditure. The costs of dialysis and transplantation consume up to 3% of the annual healthcare budget in high-income countries. Crucially, however, the onset and progression of CKD is often preventable. In 2020, the World Kidney Day campaign highlights the importance of preventive interventions be it primary, secondary or tertiary. This complementing article focuses on outlining and analyzing measures that can beimplemented in every country to promote and advance CKD prevention. Primary prevention of kidney disease should focus on the modification of risk factors and addressing structural abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tracts, as well as exposure to environmental risk factors and nephrotoxins. In persons with pre-existing kidney disease, secondary prevention, including blood pressure optimization and glycemic control, should be the main goal of education and clinical interventions. In patients with advanced CKD, management of co-morbidities such as uremia and cardiovascular disease is a highly recommended preventative intervention to avoid or delay dialysis or kidney transplantation. Political efforts are needed to proliferate the preventive approach. While national policies and strategies for non-communicable diseases might be present in a country, specific policies directed toward education and awareness about CKD screening, management and treatment are often lacking. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals and policy makers.
Osteoarthrosis in the clinic of internal and occupational diseases: differential diagnostic aspects
Authors: Strizhakov Leonid A. , Guliaev Sergei V. , Babanov Sergei A. , Moiseev Sergei V.
Published: July 2020

Osteoarthritis is a common pathology, which indicates the great medical and social significance of this disease. The article discusses the issues of pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis of professional and professionally caused osteoarthritis: the age of onset of the disease, the specifics of work, the localization of joint damage. Differential diagnosis issues are discussed.
Nephrotoxicity of anti-angiogenesis drugs
Authors: Grechukhina Katerina S. , Chebotareva Natalia V. , Krasnova Tatyana N.
Published: July 2020

Neoangiogenesis is a basic factor for most physiological as well as pathological processes i.e. tumor metastases. The most important is vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1/2) in angiogenesis processes. Nowadays antiangiogenic agents (which inhibit VEGF like bevacizumab neither VEGFR2 like ramucirumab) are widely used in very different chemotherapeutic regimens in clinical oncology. The signalling pathway VEGF-VEGFR plays a crucial role in supporting of adequate kidney function. Appearance of antiangiogenic drugs led to adverse nephrotoxic effects: arterial hypertension, proteinuria, rarely nephrotic syndrome, and kidney dysfunction. Various hystological variants of nephropathy are described, however, in most cases, signs of thrombotic microangiopathy of the renal vessels are noted. This literature review discusses mechanisms, clinical and morphological aspects of nephropathy associated with antiangiogenic drugs.
Changes in metabolic parameters and glomerular filtration rate in patients with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery
Authors: Gussaova Sonya S. , Bobkova Irina N. , Yashkov Yury I. , Bordan Natalya S. , Stavrovskaya Ekaterina V. , Bekuzarov Dmitry K. , Evdoshenko Vladimir V. , Fedenko Vadim V. , Malykhina Aleksandra I. , Struve Andrey V.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To study the effect of weight loss in the short term after bariatric surgery (BO) on metabolic parameters and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with morbid obesity.
Materials and methods. We studied 40 adult (over 18 years) patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery. Metabolic indices and calculated GFR according to the CKD-EPI formula in patients before and after bariatric surgery were compared.
Results. In the whole group of operated patients, the average body mass index (BMI) after surgery decreased from 45.8 to 30.5 kg/m2. In 11 (92%) patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism, remission of diabetes mellitus was achieved and sugar-lowering drugs were canceled. In patients with baseline GFR90 ml/min/1.73 m2 after surgery, there is a tendency towards a decrease in GFR, probably due to a decrease in hyperfiltration. In patients with baseline GFR90 ml/min/1.73 m2 after surgery, a statistically significant increase in the level of GFR was noted. The greater metabolic efficacy of combined operations (mini-gastric bypass, biliopancreatic diversion) in relation to the correction of carbohydrate and fat metabolism was revealed.
Conclusion. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for decreased kidney function and the progression of chronic kidney disease. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity. The study proved the positive effect of weight loss after BO on renal function, including by improving the course of diseases associated with obesity.
Modern view on treatment of membranous nephropathy
Authors: Bobkova Irina N. , Kamyshova Elena S.
Published: July 2020

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Since the moment of animal model creation and the recognition of podocytes damage as a key mechanism of MN development, the identification of antigens, first of all the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), and the development of methods of PLA2R autoantibodies detection and its monitoring opened a new era in the idiopathic MN (iMN) diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation. MN continues to be actively studied in the new millennium, since a number of aspects of its pathogenesis still need to be clarified, and there is still no clear opinion on the iMN treatment optimal approach. Comprehensive clinical and serological assessment of patients with iMN can be the key to individual choice of treatment protocols. In patients with aPLA2R-positive iMN, the predictor of disease remission is the aPLA2R titer decrease or aPLA2R disappearance in the blood serum, and disease relapse is associated with the aPLA2R appearance ore increase of aPLA2R titer in the circulation. Studies which were conducted by today (GEMRITUX, MENTOR, STARMEN, NICE, etc.) confirmed the acceptable safety profile and effectiveness of iMN therapy by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (rituximab): more than half of of iMN patients had remission of nephrotic syndrome or proteinuria decrease, remissions in anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies treated patients were longer compared to traditional therapy. The obtained data allows us to consider rituximab and anti-CD20 antibody therapy of a new generation not only as an alternative to the more toxic treatment with cyclophosphane and calcineurin inhibitors, but as an independent promising direction of therapy for patients with IMN, which completely changes the paradigm of treatment of this glomerulopathy.
Menopausal hormone therapy: oncological risks
Authors: Musina Ekaterina V. , Kogan Igor Yu.
Published: July 2020

The review article presents an analysis of the literature over the past 10 years on the relationship of menopausal hormone therapy and the risks of developing malignant diseases in women, including risk factors, such as mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes. The main limiting factor in the appointment of menopausal hormone therapy today remains the question: is there a connection between MHT and the development of oncological pathology, due to the high mortality rates from malignant neoplasms, which occupy the 2nd place after cardiovascular diseases. The main localization of the tumor process, which stops the appointment of MHT, is breast cancer. In the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms among the female population in Russia, breast cancer occupies a leading place, and this is the main interest in the effect of MHT. The results of large-scale studies are rather ambiguous and do not answer all the questions. Do not forget about other localizations of the tumor process, which MHT can also influence, and about which, there is also no unequivocal answer to the question about the relationship of MHT and the risks of tumor development. As for any therapy, for MHT there are contraindications, which are also covered in the article. The main modes of taking menopausal hormone therapy and their relationship with the risks of tumor development are also presented. The influence of the main components of menopausal hormone therapy on the processes of neoplastic transformation.
COMPRESSED ELEMENTS WITH A VARIABLE IN LENGTH STIFFNESS EQUILIBRIUM FORM STABILITY DETERMINATION
Authors: Shkurupiy Oleksandr , Mytrofanov Pavlo , Davydenko Yuriy , Hajiyev Muhlis
Published: July 2020

One of the most powerful modern methods of calculating complex building structures is the finite element method in theform of a displacement method for discrete systems, which involves the creation of a finite element model, that is, splittingthe structure into separate elements within each of which the functions of displacements and stresses are known. On the basisof the displacement method and the methods of iterations and half-division, an algorithm for stability calculation of the firstkind equilibrium form of compressed reinforced concrete columns with hinged fixing at the ends, considering the stiffnesschanging has been developed. The use of the above methods enables to determine the minimum critical load or stress at thefirst bifurcation and their stability loss corresponding form. The use of matrix forms contributes to simplification of high order stability loss equation. This approach enables to obtain the form of stability loss that corresponds to the critical load.
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING’S DEFORMATION ON PILE FOUNDATION
Authors: Vynnykov Yuriy , Manzhalii Sergiy
Published: July 2020

A considerably distinctive deformed five-storeyed three-section brick residential house erected over 40 years ago on drivenprismatic piles combined by a strip grid foundation by a standardized project is under investigation. The geotechnical monitoring results of the building's technical condition are presented. Methods and results of the instrumental control analysis ofthe piles' actual length and visual evaluation of their integrity are presented. The causes of the foundations base's excess deformation were determined: the inability of the piles' tips to reach the designed mark; the piles' destruction during their immersion in dense sands; rupture of the primary thermal network, which led to "negative friction" effect on the piles' lateralsurface, etc.
Efecto biológico de nanopartículas cargadas con ácido indolacético microbiano en parámetros morfométricos de tomate
Authors: Andrade Ayala María del Carmen Nely , Hernandez Castillo Francisco Daniel , Laredo Alcala Elan Iñaky , Ledezma Pérez Antonio Serguei , Alvarado Canché Carmen Natividad , Romero García Jorge
Published: July 2020

El tomate es una de las hortalizas que mayor producción tienen a nivel mundial, por lo que para su fertilización y control de plagas se utilizan productos de origen sintético, que afectan el ecosistema donde son aplicados, por esta razón se buscan alternativas biológicamente sustentables. Una de esas alternativas es el uso del metabolismo microbiano, ejemplo de esto es Botryodiplodia theobromae hongo fitopatógeno capaz de producir fitohormonas a partir de su metabolismo, como es el ácido indolacético (AIA). Sin embargo, la aplicación exógena esta fitohormona presenta una degradación acelerada al ponerse en contacto con factores ambientales. Una alternativa para minimizar este efecto es la encapsulación con el uso de materiales biopoliméricos que tengan la capacidad de recubrir la fitohormona y al mismo tiempo permitir aumentar la efectividad del producto. En este trabajo se evaluó la eficiencia de encapsulación (EE) del AIA procedente del caldo microbiano por fermentación líquida de B. theobromae en nanopartículas (Np) de alginato/quitosán (ALG/QS); así como, su efectividad biológica representada en patrones morfológicos de desarrollo en plantas de tomate. Los resultados demostraron, que a partir del metabolismo microbiano de Botryodiplodia theobromae se produjo AIA, el cual una vez encapsulado alcanzo una EE de 90%, así como diversos tamaños de partícula. En relación con la efectividad biológica en plantas de tomate se observó que las Np cargadas con caldo microbiano y AIA grado sintético presentaron diferencia significativa en la mayoría los parámetros morfológicos en comparación con el testigo. Por lo que los nanosistemas cargados con bioestimulates son una alternativa a futuro para la aplicación de bioestimulantes en hortalizas como el tomate.