bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposta de Paralelismo de Stream Multi-GPU em Multi-Cores
Authors: Fim Gabriel Rustick , Griebler Dalvan
Published: April 2024

Considerando a necessidade de tempos de processamento mais rápidos, a utilização de ambientes multi-aceleradores vem se tornando cada vez mais proeminente na literatura, infelizmente programar para estes tipos de ambientes apresenta uma série de desafios que fazem com que o desenvolvimento de códigos direcionados a multi-GPUs exija um maior esforço de programação. Propomos investigar como utilizar anotações C++ para simplificar a geração de código multi-GPU sem comprometer o desempenho.
Predicting the efficiency of job scheduler actions
Authors: Kraus Ana Eloina Nascimento , Diel Guilerme , Koslovski Guilherme Piêgas
Published: April 2024

The order in which tasks are executed in High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures is fundamental to the efficiency of the virtual environment. This article covera a amachine learning- and polynomial regression-aided effort of predicting and thus, drawing out a better understanding of, the individual performances of various job scheduling algorithms.
Caracterização de Operações de E/S por meio da Análise de Logs
Authors: Wiederkehr Thomas S. , Navaux Philippe O. A. , Künas Cristiano A.
Published: April 2024

A popularidade de aplicações que exigem uma vasta quantidade de recursos computacionais, como algoritmos de Deep Learning (DL) e Machine Learning (ML), retoma a necessidade de pesquisar e otimizar os sistemas de alta performance computacional (HPC). Neste contexto, analisar e categorizar operações de E/S se torna crucial para realizar ajustes de performance, visto que estas ainda são um dos principais gargalos de desempenho em sistemas HPC. Neste artigo a abordagem de caracterizar operações de E/S por meio da analise de logs é demonstrada pelo estudo de aplicações de DL executadas no supercomputador Santos Dumont (SDumont).
Análise do Desempenho de Aplicações Paralelas geradas por Ferramentas de Inteligência Artificial
Authors: Dias João Vitor M. , Beck Antonio Carlos S. , Lorenzon Arthur F.
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho compara dois modelos de IA, um da Google e outro da OpenAI, na paralelização de aplicações em C++ usando OpenMP. Através da análise da corretude do código gerado e tempo de execução em uma arquitetura de 40 núcleos de processamento, mostramos que o modelo da OpenAI teve um desempenho superior, paralelizando mais aplicações que o modelo da Google.
Avaliação da Biblioteca SCR em Instâncias AWS Spot Utilizando a Ferramenta HPC@Cloud
Authors: Feres João Gabriel , Filho Vanderlei , Castro Márcio
Published: April 2024

A computação em nuvem tem sido útil para a Computação de Alto Desempenho (HPC), pois permite que experimentos em larga escala possam ser realizados sem a necessidade de aquisição de infraestruturas físicas de alto custo financeiro. Instâncias do tipo “spot” têm sido oferecidas pelos provedores de nuvem, as quais possuem baixo custo mas podem ser tomadas do usuário a qualquer momento. Esse artigo apresenta um estudo comparativo da biblioteca Scalable Checkpoint/Restart (SCR) com outras existentes para prover tolerância a faltas a aplicações de HPC em clusters de instâncias spot.
COTTONTRUST: Análise dos Tempos de Criação de Entidades com Base em Identidades Autossoberanas
Authors: S. Junior Gilson , Silva Gabriel F. C. Da , Duarte Janaína F. B. , Pillon Maurício A.
Published: April 2024

A rastreabilidade dos produtos, bem como o uso de selos de certificação, tornaram-se essenciais para satisfazer as expectativas dos consumidores por segurança, sustentabilidade, qualidade e transparência nas cadeias de suprimentos. Atualmente, a maioria dos sistemas de informação dessas cadeias opera com sistemas centralizados, ou explora a tecnologia blockchain como uma solução potencial para aprimorar a integridade e rastreabilidade na cadeia. No entanto, desafios como fragmentação de dados, vulnerabilidades, custos de implementação e preocupações com privacidade de dados são obstáculos para essas soluções. Dessa forma, o artigo explora o uso das Identidades Autossoberanas (SSI), especificamente no projeto COTTONTRUST, que adota a SSI para melhorar a integridade e rastreabilidade da cadeia algodoeira. O foco está na análise dos tempos de transação para criar identidades autossoberanas da cadeia do algodão, avaliando a escalabilidade do COTTONTRUST.
Engaging Students in Doing Research – Evaluation of the ESP Course Project Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mičínová Ivana
Published: April 2024

The current study seeks to examine the learning outcomes of an ESP course project intended for MA students of Management and Human Resources. The project´s aim is to create learning opportunities that are perceived as relevant by students in terms of progress in language proficiency, field subject knowledge, developing professional skills, and personal growth. The main priority is to integrate the current Business English course curriculum (C1) with real-life tasks in real-life settings that are considered authentic and relevant enough to increase student engagement and motivation in learning. The presented study examines the affective learning outcomes (students´ perceptions of the project assignment benefits and the experience of doing research), cognitive outcomes (students´ perceptions of the language and subject knowledge growth), and behavioural ones (skills and engagement). The project evaluation results will be used to enhance students´ satisfaction with the ESP course and improve the project assignment and its procedures.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА КОРРУПЦИОННОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ГРАЖДАНСКИХ СЛУЖАЩИХ И ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НЕТЕРПИМОГО ОТНОШЕНИЯ К КОРРУПЦИИ
Authors: Яковлев Вадим Александрович
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается профилактика коррупционного поведения государственных гражданских служащих и формирование в обществе нетерпимости к коррупционному поведению.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА «ПОРТФЕЛЬ ОБУЧАЮЩЕГОСЯ» НА КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ ЗАНЯТИЯХ ПО РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Authors: Немыкина Ирина Владимировна , Варнавский Вячеслав Владимирович
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается перспективность использования метода контроля «портфель обучающегося» на занятиях по русскому языку в вузовской практике.
Single-Stage Versus Two-Stage Urethroplasty for Hypospadias
Authors: Anggriant Vincent , Sianturi Dahlan , Saragih Rajin S , Sibarani Parbarita , Purba Johnliberti , Gultom S L Margareth
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of single-stage and two-stage urethroplasty procedures in hypospadias repair. Researchers conducted a systematic review of relevant literature using medical databases and manual searches of relevant articles. We assessed the outcomes of clinical studies related to single-stage and two-stage urethroplasty techniques, as well as identifying the advantages and disadvantages of each. Our review findings indicate that single-stage urethroplasty offers advantages in terms of shorter hospital stays and increased comfort for both patients and medical staff. However, two-stage urethroplasty has advantages in more aggressive chordee correction and lower recurrence rates. Nevertheless, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to hypospadias repair, as the choice of urethroplasty technique often depends on the preferences and specific expertise of individual surgeons. This research highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate urethroplasty technique based on patient characteristics and surgeon expertise. Future research needs to expand our knowledge of factors influencing the success of urethroplasty procedures to guide better clinical decision-making in hypospadias management.
Documentation of the Banja Luka Clinical-Medical Center as evidence in the ICTY databases: The 'Banja Luka babies' case in 1992 and the trial of Radoslav Brđanin
Authors: Omerčić Edin
Published: April 2024

This paper, based on the documentation from the database of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), is dedicated to the suffering of the "Banja Luka babies", one of the many cases of tragic childhood during the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992. The case of the agony of new-borns in the Banja Luka Clinical-Medical Centre (CMC) caused controversy in the public. It is the subject of propaganda speculations and various political calculations that do not stop even with the act of presenting the medical documentation of the deceased newborns as exhibits for the defence during the trial of Radoslav Brđanin before the ICTY. Brđanin was found guilty and at the end of the trial sentenced to 30 years in prison for crimes against humanity, violations of laws and customs of war, and serious violations of the 1949 Geneva Conventions.
Assessing dentistry students' knowledge of clinical dental management for autistic patients: A cross-sectional study at a public university in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pereira Silva , Dos Santos , Laureano Galdino , Dos Santos , de Oliveira , de Paiva , Basto da
Published: April 2024

Introduction/Aim. Evaluating dental students' grasp on managing dental care for patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is paramount for effective treatment. The aim of the paper was to assess the understanding of dental students at a public university in northeastern Brazil about managing dental care for patients with ASD. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, two meticulously designed questionnaires were utilized, targeting students from the fifth to the tenth period. The first questionnaire explored sociodemographic details, while the second assessed knowledge about the subject. The second questionnaire was divided into two sections: the first focused on the definition, diagnosis, and related comorbidities of ASD, and the second examined its impact on oral health, dental management, and oral manifestations. Statistical analysis involved the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, maintaining a 5% significance level. The analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software, version 20. Results. Ninety-eight questionnaires were analyzed, revealing an average age of students of 22.68 years (SD ± 3.03). The majority were female (69.4%) and identified as white (46.9%). The majority of participants (53.1%) attended public high schools before enrolling in university, and the majority (60.2%) had no prior exposure to the topic. No significant differences were observed between the course periods in relation to general knowledge about dental management for autistic patients (p = 0.952). Public high school students were more likely to correctly answer questions related to priority treatment routines (p = 0.014), while those familiar with the topic before university had a higher likelihood of answering questions concerning pharmacological methods for managing patients with ASD (p = 0.039). Conclusion. This study revealed a satisfactory level of knowledge among dentistry students at a university center in northeastern Brazil regarding the management of patients with ASD.
Challenges and gaps in the treatment of advanced sleep phase disorder: A call for further research and understanding
Authors: Boiko Dmytro , Mats Oksana , Shkodina Anastasiia , Skrypnikov Andrii
Published: April 2024

People with circadian rhythm disturbances are at an elevated risk of mental disorders, and conversely, those with mental disorders are more susceptible to the circadian disruption. A steady circadian cycle of sleep and wakefulness that is phase-shifted relative to the prior local solar time may be characterized by a short endogenous circadian period. Advanced sleep-wake phase disorder (ASPD) is characterized by a substantial advancement of the sleep-wake cycle phase, followed with sleep-related symptoms. ASPD is a challenging sleep-wake disorder to manage, with current treatment options varying in efficacy and potential side effects. Further research is needed to identify effective treatment options and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ASPD. More research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of ASPD and the molecular and metabolic changes associated with aging that may contribute to the development of the disorder.
Theory of mind in children with developmental language disorder: Developmental tendencies
Authors: Drljan Bojana , Ječmenica Nevena , Buha Nataša
Published: April 2024

Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the complex cognitive ability allowing attribution of mental states to others and understanding that others may have different beliefs, intentions and desires which are different than our own. Developmental language disorder (DLD) is characterized by persistent deficits in the acquisition, comprehension, production or use of language. These children, in addition to language difficulties, may also have a spectrum of cognitive deficits. Research of ToM in DLD children started relatively recently, and the data so far have been quite inconsistent. The aim of our study is to compare ToM abilities and their developmental pattern between DLD and typically developing (TD) children, as well as to investigate potential differences between two main DLD subtypes (expressive and mixed) which differ dominantly regarding to the level of difficulties in language comprehension. The sample consisted of 119 participants aged between five to ten years, divided into two groups, 69 children with DLD and 50 TD children. Sally-Anne false belief task was used as a measure of ToM ability. The results indicate a significant developmental delay of ToM ability in children with DLD with no significant differences between the two DLD types. This indicates that children with DLD have significant difficulties in understanding that actions of others depend on their beliefs rather than simply the real situation itself, as well as that belief and reality often diverge. The results of the research are discussed from two aspects, by comparison with the results of other studies that investigated ToM in DLD children and through the prism of difficulties in social and academic functioning that these children may have. Practical implications are also given, as well as some of the specific techniques that can facilitate the ToM development in children with DLD within the school environment.
Innovative kinesiology education as a criterion and predictor of innovative education
Authors: Prskalo Ivan , Mandić Danimir , Pelemiš Vladan
Published: April 2024

Agreement with living conditions also implies compliance with the increasingly dramatic changes to which the civilization, society, and the people are exposed. The imperative response of society and civilization to changes that are inevitable but evident, with even clearer and more predictable consequences, must be the best in order to be good enough. It should be said that progress improves the quality of life and life expectancy, but there is also the fact that cardiovascular diseases, which can be associated with modern living conditions, are the main cause of death in most of the population. Kinesiology education can have a long-term historical effect only if it is the best because it must be innovative and vital, and it has to question the alignment between scientific theory and practice with new scientific achievements every day. It should be viewed in the light of the lifelong impact that is initiated by the education system with its mandatory stages, as the optimal, well-prepared, and scientifically and professionally based response. All reforms should focus on the affirmation of that response, providing it with the necessary time, optimum staff training and the necessary material conditions. Investing in educational sciences in general and applied kinesiology disciplines in particular cannot be in vain. These professionals should inform themselves about the scientific achievements that constantly affirm the benefits of physical exercise in general, and physical and health culture in particular
False accusations, arrests, and persecution of Christians. Formative factors and impact of state laws of religious freedom in India
Authors: Apostle D.
Published: April 2024

This article provides a critical analysis of state laws on religious freedom in India and their effect on minority communities, especially Christianity. It identifies the formative factors underlying these laws, along with the role played by religious political parties in their formulation. It also examines the motives behind the enactment of these laws and how they obstruct minorities’ rights to propagate their religion and stand as a threat to their survival. The article further explores religious violence, false accusations and arrests inflicted on Christians because of these laws.
A path toward religious freedom in the DPRK. Is it possible?
Authors: Schmitz Timo
Published: April 2024

North Korea is one of the most authoritarian states in the world, and members of religious groups face severe persecution. This article explores how deeply religious persecution is anchored in the state system and how it is handled in practice. It presents a six-point plan to improve the situation of believers short of waiting for a regime change. The plan focuses on strengthening the role of reli- gious organizations in inter-Korean dialogue, international cooperation with reli- gious organizations of the DPRK, encouraging the DPRK in liberalizing religion in its country, while avoiding a foreign infiltration through religious organizations, and conducting reforms by taking other countries as role models.
Noteworthy
Authors: Epp Buckingham Janet
Published: April 2024

The noteworthy items are structured in three groups: annual reports and global surveys, regional and country reports, and specific issues. Though we apply serious criteria in the selection of items noted, it is beyond our capacity to scrutinize the accuracy of every statement made. We therefore disclaim responsibility for the contents of the items noted. The compilation was produced by Janet Epp Buckingham.
Is There Hope for the Expectations Hypothesis?
Authors: Crump Richard K. , Eusepi Stefano , Moench Emanuel
Published: April 2024

Most macroeconomic models impose a tight link between expected future short rates and the term structure of interest rates via the expectations hypothesis (EH). While the EH has been systematically rejected in the data, existing work evaluating the EH generally assumes either full-information rational expectations or stationarity of beliefs, or both. As such, these analyses are ill-equipped to refute the EH when these assumptions fail to hold, fueling hopes for a “resurrection” of the EH. We introduce a model of expectations formation which features time-varying means and accommodates deviations from rationality. This model tightly matches the entire joint term structure of expectations for output growth, inflation, and the short-term interest rate from all surveys of professional forecasters in the U.S. We show that deviations from rationality and drifting long-run beliefs consistent with observed measures of expectations, while sizable, do not come close to bridging the gap between the term structure of expectations and the term structure of interest rates. Not only is the EH decisively rejected in the data, but model-implied short-rate expectations generally display, at best, only a weak co-movement with the forward rates of corresponding maturities.
Ekonomik Bütünleşme Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye
Authors: YAPRAKLI Sevda
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada ekonomik bütünleşme, AB ve Türkiye-AB ilişkileri bir lisans ve/veya lisansüstü dersi kapsam ve düzeyinde ele alınmıştır. Bu yönüyle çalışmanın iktisat öğrencilerine ve konu ile ilgilenenlere yararlı olacağı umulmuştur. Çalışmada öncelikle ekonomik bütünleşme ile ilgili kavramsal ve teorik açıklamalar yapılmıştır. Sonra Türkiye açısından önemi ve güncelliği nedeniyle AB’nin gelişimi, ortak politikaları, organları, genişleme süreci vb. gibi konular ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Türkiye-AB ilişkilerinin de ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelendiği çalışmanın gereğinden fazla hacimli olmamasına, dolayısıyla gerekli ve yararlı bilgilerin verilmesine özellikle dikkat edilmiştir.
Evaluating the language abilities of Large Language Models vs. humans: Three caveats
Authors: Leivada Evelina , Dentella Vittoria , Günther Fritz
Published: April 2024

We identify and analyze three caveats that may arise when analyzing the linguistic abilities of Large Language Models. The problem of unlicensed generalizations refers to the danger of interpreting performance in one task as predictive of the models’ overall capabilities, based on the assumption that because a specific task performance is indicative of certain underlying capabilities in humans, the same association holds for models. The human-like paradox refers to the problem of lacking human comparisons, while at the same time attributing human-like abilities to the models. Last, the problem of double standards refers to the use of tasks and methodologies that either cannot be applied to humans or they are evaluated differently in models vs. humans. While we recognize the impressive linguistic abilities of LLMs, we conclude that specific claims about the models’ human-likeness in the grammatical domain are premature.
Toward Humanizing Online Learning Spaces
Authors: Dias Beatrice , Boulder Tinukwa
Published: April 2024

What does it mean to center our collective humanity in online learning spaces? This paper outlines an example of efforts to intentionally design a humanizing learning environment for an online, asynchronous university course. Our understanding of ‘humanization’ emerges in dialogue with Paulo Freire’s theoretical framing, which connects humanization with liberatory education. Within this context, we describe instructional and learning design approaches to build community, engage in dialogic and critical study and struggle, and center grace and care. We conclude with insights gained and challenges experienced with this form of teaching and learning and discuss possible avenues for future course designs.
Tilling the Soil: Vignettes from Four Instructional Designers Working Toward Critical Instructional Design
Authors: Boulder Tinukwa , Mancilla Rae , Brown Tasha , Rapchak Marcia
Published: April 2024

The instructional design (ID) discipline is in transition. Critical ID scholars acknowledge a social justice gap in ID paradigms, challenging ID practitioners to examine their design processes through an equity and justice lens. ID professionals are negotiating ways to shift their established ID routines informed by critical theories. Through vignettes, four ID professionals use Freire's praxis framework to critically reflect on their ID processes and embrace Costanza-Chock's design justice principles.
Groundwater prediction using artificial intelligence: Case study for Texas aquifers
Authors: Sharma Vedant , Sharma Shilpi
Published: April 2024

Groundwater resources are highly dependent upon recharge from precipitation; hence, variability in precipitation patterns is important for sustainable groundwater management. Climate change is not only increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme hydro-meteorological events like hurricanes and cyclones, but is also having an even more complex impact on other variables such as precipitation, which can be measured by the Palmer Modified Drought Index (PMDI). Therefore, it is imperative to understand how climate change impacts groundwater management. This research has created a preliminary model to predict the future groundwater levels based on the critical causality and regression analysis using artificial intelligence. In this study, we hypothesized that tree-based automated artificial intelligence models, would perform best in predicting future groundwater levels. Unlike other machine learning models, tree-based models can accommodate correlated datasets like climate variables and changing demographics. We acquired water aquifer data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for Texas aquifers, climate data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and population data from the US census to train artificial intelligence models using MATLAB. This research project identified key trends that groundwater levels were down 50% on a normalized basis for the selected dataset and established correlation of groundwater changes, weather related changes (temperature changes, precipitation changes and drought indices) and demographic changes. Understanding these key trends allowed us to select the right predictors for the AI model. Tree-based AI models predicted the future groundwater levels with the most accuracy and least root mean square error (RMSE) as compared to other AI models like linear regression, neural network, support vector machines.
KANSER ERKEN TANI UYGULAMASININ SAĞLIK İNANÇ MODELİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE İNCELENMESİ: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: Özcan Emre , Arabacı Zeynep
Published: April 2024

Kanser taramaları, erken teşhis olanağı ile daha iyi sağlık sonuçları sağlar. Hastalığın, tedavi edilebilir veya yönetilebilir olma ihtimalinin daha yüksek olduğu erken dönemde taramalara katılım önemlidir. Kanser taramayı reddeden bir olguda Sağlık İnanç Modeli, bireyin sağlıkla ilgili kararlarını etkileyen inançlarını ve algılarını değerlendirip tarama hizmetlerini reddetme kararının ardındaki psikolojik ve davranışsal faktörleri anlamak için tercih edilmektedir. Amaç: Bu olgu sunumu, Sağlık İnanç Modeli çerçevesinde, kanser taramasını reddeden bir hastanın karar verme sürecini ele almakta ve bu kararın arkasındaki motivasyonları incelemektedir. Yöntem: Sunulan vaka, kanser taraması için yüksek riskli olarak belirlenmiş, ancak taramayı reddeden ve kanser tarama programlarına dair çekinceleri olan bir bireydir. Yapılan ayrıntılı görüşmeler yoluyla ve de yarı yapılandırılmış sorulara alınan cevaplar neticesinde sağlık inanç modelinin çeşitli unsurları irdelenmiştir. Bulgular: Algılanan ciddiyet algısı, erken teşhis konulamamış hastalığın olağan sonuçlarıyla uyumlu olsa da hastanın taramayı reddetme nedenleri arasında aile öyküsü, önceki olumsuz sağlık deneyimleri ve tarama sürecine dair yanlış bilgiler ağırlıktadır. Sağlık İnanç Modeli çerçevesinde yapılan değerlendirme, hastanın kansere yakalanma riski ile ilgili algılarına ek olarak bilgi eksikliğinin beraberinde getirdiği düşük yarar algısı, taramanın reddedilmesinde belirleyici olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç ve öneriler: Sağlık profesyonellerinin, kanser taramasını reddeden bireylerin motivasyonlarını çözümleyebilmesine faydalı olacak şekilde sağlık inanç modelinin etkili bir şekilde nasıl uygulanabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcılarına, hastaların taramalar noktasındaki karar verme süreçlerine bilinçli bir yaklaşım benimsemeleri için pratik iç görüler sunmaktadır.
Az intézményi középszint szerepe a magyarországi területfejlesztésben 2010 után
Authors: Bártfai Bálint
Published: April 2024

Az elmúlt évtizedben a magyar fejlesztéspolitika terén zajló folyamatok a területi szempontok visszaszorulása és az erős centralizáció irányába mutatnak. A tanulmány olyan intézményeket vizsgál – nevesen a Közép-Duna Menti Fejlesztési Ügynökséget és egy helyi akciócsoportot –, amelyeket kivételnek tekinthetünk a jelenlegi fejlesztési struktúrában. A tanulmány célja mélyinterjúk segítségével feltárni ezeknek az intézményeknek a működését, kihívásait és felépítésük előnyeit. A kutatás során megállapításra került, hogy a helyi szempontokat érvényesítő, szakmailag felkészült intézmények működőképes alternatívát állíthatnak a direkt központi irányítású fejlesztési rendszerekkel szemben, amennyiben megfelelő támogatásban és forrásokban részesülnek.
Funkcionális térségek az európai területpolitikában, különös tekintettel a Visegrádi országokra
Authors: Szabó Tamás , Igari András
Published: April 2024

A cikk az Európai Unió és a Visegrádi országok területpolitikájában megjelenő különböző fejlesztéspolitikai céllal lehatárolt térségeket, hangsúlyosan a funkcionális térségeket mutatja be. Ehhez a szerzők a kapcsolódó jogszabályokat és fejlesztéspolitikai dokumentumokat tekintették át. Megállapították, hogy az elmaradott térségek mellett a speciális kihívásokkal küzdő térségeket célzó lehatárolások is jelen vannak az európai és az országos szakpolitikákban. Megfigyelhető a funkcionális térségek szerepének erősödése az elmúlt években, különös tekintettel a funkcionális várostérségekre és a határon átnyúló együttműködésekre, de megjelentek a természetföldrajzi elemekhez kapcsolódó térségek is. Mindezt figyelembe véve a szerzők indokoltnak tartják, hogy a magyar területpolitika megújításában szerepet kapjanak újfajta funkcionális térségek is.
Processing Plastik Waste into Creative Handicrafts to Reduce Plastik Waste in West Palimanan Village
Authors: Abu Lubaba  , Farah Fadhilah  , Wandi Hidayat
Published: April 2024

Plastics waste is a major problem in environmental pollution, both land and sea pollution. Plastik waste has properties that cannot be decomposed and will decompose completely over a period of 80 to 300 years. This plastic waste has quite promising business potential so that we can process it into creative handicrafts. This creation of plastik waste has a selling value that generates profits. By using plastic waste, we can overcome the problem of environmental pollution and environmental sustainability. Apart from that, it increases the creativity of the local community and has very minimal capital. This research is about handling plastic waste which can provide added value to make handicrafts. The object of the research was carried out in West Palimanan Village with an observational approach to problems and intervention to the problems raised. In detail, the processing of plastik waste is powdered drink packaging. The intervention method was carried out by providing guidance to Mrs. Karsini in the Rahayu Block, West Palimanan Village, who works as a plastik waste craftsman. The approach was carried out over a period of 4 weeks on 30 November – 31 December 2020. The result of this activity was the formation of creative products in the form of bags, wallets, mats which had selling value and could be consumed by the public.
Environmental Greening in Residential Vacant Land: A Community Service Initiative at Griya Muncang Asri Housing, Tasikmalaya City
Authors: Muhammad Al Mighwar
Published: April 2024

This abstract summarizes a community service initiative focused on environmental greening in residential vacant land within the Griya Muncang Asri Housing area in Tasikmalaya City. The project aims to address the issue of unused land by promoting sustainable practices and enhancing the local environment. The initiative includes engaging residents in collaborative efforts to transform vacant lots into green spaces that contribute to ecological conservation, aesthetic improvement, and community well-being. By implementing innovative strategies such as urban gardening, tree planting, and sustainable landscaping, the project aims to create a greener and more vibrant living environment. The initiative also emphasizes community participation and education, empowering residents with knowledge and skills related to environmental conservation and sustainable land management. Through this community service initiative, the project seeks to foster a sense of ownership, pride, and social cohesion among residents while promoting sustainable development practices in residential areas.
Financial Bookkeeping Training With Microsoft Excell For Chicken Farming UMKM In Parepare
Authors: Wahrini Retyana , Hasbi Hasbi
Published: April 2024

Making simple financial reports based on Microsoft Excel to manage business processes for the micro, small and medium industrial world is very much needed for the business progress of Chicken Farming UMKM. Currently, many Microsoft Excel-based bookkeeping systems that are simple and easy to understand have been created with the aim of helping micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) obtain efficient, fast and accurate business reports. The problem that arises is that these UMKM business actors are not used to using a Microsoft Excel-based bookkeeping system, which makes the performance of these UMKM business unit players less good. This training activity was attended by several chicken farming business people in the city of Parepare. The activity ran smoothly and the participants were very enthusiastic. Aya Farms UMKM players are expected to improve their skills in compiling quality financial reporting data using Microsoft Excel.
FEATURES OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROTOCOLS
Authors: Labinsky Alexander
Published: April 2024

The article considers the features of cryptographic protocols used to protect data transmitted over a computer network. Due to the increase in the number of network attacks, the urgency of the problem of network security is constantly increasing.

The cryptographic protocol contains a description of the structures used and a set of rules governing the use of cryptographic transformations and algorithms in information communication processes between two or more participants.

The article provides classification of cryptographic protocols on various features and considers security properties of protocols, characterizing their resistance to various attacks. The SSL data encryption protocol, which uses asymmetric cryptography for key authentication, symmetric encryption to preserve confidentiality and authentication codes to verify message integrity,

is discussed in detail. The SSL protocol has been widely used in recent years for instant messaging and IP voice transmission in applications such as e-mail, Internet fax and others.

The article deals with encryption and hashing of data (MD5, SHA-1, DES encryption algorithms). Computer models of data encryption (DES algorithm), text data checksum calculation (CRC32 algorithm) and password character matching were developed according to the algorithms considered. The computer models were implemented as computer programs, with the first two models as console programs and the third model as a program with graphical interface.
Breast cancer: polyclonality as a fact of resistance to antitumor treatment
Authors: Loginova V. I. , Naboka M. V.
Published: April 2024

In this review the data of literature on the issue of polyclonality as a factor of resistance to antitumor treatment are given. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and tumor typing is of paramount importance to achieve good clinical outcomes. Although it is common to stratify and treat breast tumors as a single entity, findings of intratumoral heterogeneity and cancer stem cell research raise the possibility that multiple breast cancer subtypes may coexist in a tumor. Plasticity plays a role in the dynamic transformation between breast cancer subtypes, the clinical implications of which will be the need for combination therapeutic strategies that take into account individual disease forms and their plasticity. Accordingly, improvements in single-cell sequencing technologies will be crucial for the diagnosis and stratification of individual disease subtypes down to the cellular level.
The role of Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma
Authors: Mineeva A. A. , Makarova L. V.
Published: April 2024

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a chronic disease of the respiratory tract, which is formed under the action of endogenous factors and environmental influences. It is now believed that type 2 T-helper cells play a major role in the development of bronchial asthma by causing airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. However, the evidence that bronchial asthma is mostly an allergic, eosinophilic, type 2 T-helper-mediated disease is insufficient to establish complete control of the course of AD. This is probably due to the fact that endogenous factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease, knowledge of which is currently limited. Consequently, continued study of asthma pathogenesis is an important and relevant direction in medicine. Over the last decade, the attention of researchers has been drawn to Toll-like receptors, which provide recognition of pathogens and trigger an immune response to them. There are conflicting data in the literature on the role of Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of AD, but their involvement in the development of the disease is confirmed by numerous studies. As participants of acute infectious processes, under inadequate stimulation associated with mutation of genes regulating receptor expression, they cause initiation or exacerbation of asthma in predisposed individuals. At the same time, reduced receptor function leads to a decrease in the body's defenses, which also leads to exacerbation of AD. In addition, Toll-like receptors are direct elements of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, supporting or reducing inflammation. Thus, Toll-like receptors may not only exacerbate the course of AD but also protect against exacerbations. Better knowledge of the role of these receptors in the pathophysiology of AD may lead to improved diagnostic methods, thereby increasing the likelihood of timely detection of the disease. Using data on the effects realized by receptors, drugs are being developed that are antagonists or agonists of a particular Toll-like receptor. The use of drugs acting on receptors in the treatment and prevention of AD may further lead to improved control of the disease course.
Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography with angiography in the diagnosis of eye diseases
Authors: Nadyarnaya K. K. , Matnenko T. Yu.
Published: April 2024

Literature review is devoted to the study of imaging diagnostic methods such as optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography in angio mode. In the last decade OCT technique has been widely used among ophthalmologists. There are several modes of registration: spatial-temporal, spectral and selective. The advent of optical coherence tomography has greatly facilitated and improved visualization of the visual analyzer in its various segments. The technology made it possible to evaluate the retinal ganglion cell complex, as well as qualitative and quantitative composition of the prepapillary layer of nerve fibers quickly, without interventions. Degenerative changes in patients with open-angle glaucoma with optical neuropathy at OCT are traced on the whole length of the visual analyzer. Expansion of optical coherence tomography application area gave rise to a new diagnostic method - optical coherence tomography with angiography. The developed technique was a breakthrough of its time, as the gold standard was fluorescence angiography. OCTA is an advanced non-invasive method that allows visualization of retinal vessels. Performing the procedure without dye injection and obtaining high-resolution images of the microvascular network of the retina and chorioidea attracts ophthalmologists. Reduced procedure time, lack of infasive intervention and hence no side effects have increased patient interest. Optical coherence tomography in angiography mode is an important diagnostic method for such diseases as age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma optic neuropathy. With the help of mathematical data algorithms an ophthalmologist can give a conclusion about layer-by-layer structure of the whole retinal vascular network, study quantitative indices of microcapillary blood flow, evaluate zones of limited retinal perfusion. The possibility to recognize the pathological process at the initial stages of its formation allows to suspect changes in the visual analyzer in time. But we should not forget that failures in the work of algorithms of the device, finding artifacts and incorrect interpretation of the results can give a wrong idea about the studied structure.
Comparing the Efficacy of Compassion-Based Therapy with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Psychological Flexibility and Hope for Life in Cancer Patients
Authors: Sharifpour Ensiyeh , Akbari Amarghan Hossein , Nejat Hamid , Iranmanesh Anis
Published: April 2024

The diagnosis of this disease, as a highly stressful event and the difficult and complex treatment process, causes significant psychological disturbances in the patient. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy with cognitive-behavioral therapy on psychological flexibility and hope for life in cancer patients. Research Method: The research method was a quasi-experimental type with pre-test and post-test along with a control group and two experimental groups. The research population included all cancer patients hospitalized in Imam Reza and Omid hospitals in Mashhad in the spring of 2021, among whom 45 individuals were purposively selected and, based on eligibility, entered the study and were allocated to the experimental and control groups with age homogenization. In this study, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory by Dennis and Vander Wal (2010) and the Snyder Hope Scale (2000) were used. The research hypotheses were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and follow-up tests with the multivariate covariance method by SPSS-23 software. Findings: The results showed that both compassion-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy were effective on psychological flexibility (P<0.001) and hope for life (P<0.001) in cancer patients, but there was no significant difference between compassion-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Conclusion: It seems that both compassion-based and cognitive-behavioral therapies are effective in reducing psychological problems in cancer patients.
Examining the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy on Impulsivity, Emotion Regulation, Rumination, and Self-Criticism in Individuals with Trichotillomania
Authors: Karimi Imam Vardikhan Shahrbano , Hassanzadeh Ramezan , Olia Emadian Seyedeh
Published: April 2024

Trichotillomania is a mental disorder characterized by recurrent and irresistible urges to pull out hair from the body. The present study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on impulsivity, emotion regulation, rumination, and self-criticism in individuals with trichotillomania. From an objective standpoint, this study is considered applied research and, methodologically, a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test design, including a control group with a 2-month follow-up period. The population of this research included all individuals with trichotillomania in districts 2 and 4 of Tehran, from whom 18 persons for each group were selected through purposive non-random sampling and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The instruments used in this research included the Massachusetts Hair Pulling Questionnaire, Williams and colleagues' (1997) Emotion Regulation Scale, Barratt and colleagues' (1990) Impulsivity Scale, Gilbert and colleagues' (2004) Self-Criticism Scale, and Nolen-Hoeksema and colleagues' (1991) Rumination Scale. The dialectical behavior therapy intervention was conducted over 8 one-hour sessions; however, the control group did not receive any intervention. The research was analyzed through mixed ANOVA (with repeated measures) and Bonferroni follow-up tests using SPSS version 22. The results of the present study indicated that dialectical behavior therapy has a significant effect on impulsivity (P<0.01), emotion regulation (P<0.01), rumination (P<0.01), and self-criticism (P<0.01), and these effects continue in the follow-up phase. It can be concluded that dialectical behavior therapy is effective in reducing impulsivity, improving emotion regulation, decreasing rumination, and reducing self-criticism, and can therefore be beneficial for individuals with trichotillomania.
Strength-Based Therapy: Empowering Athletes' Self-Efficacy and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Parsakia Kamdin , Knechtle Beat , irandoust khadijeh , Taheri Morteza
Published: April 2024

While it is known that focusing on positive attributes and capabilities can enhance psychological resilience, the specific effectiveness of strength-based therapy in improving self-efficacy and life satisfaction among athletes remains unexplored. By emphasizing positive attributes and capabilities, strength-based therapy aims to enhance athletes' psychological resilience and overall well-being, which are crucial in the highly competitive and physically demanding world of sports. Therefore, this study investigates the effectiveness of strength-based therapy in enhancing the self-efficacy and life satisfaction of athletes. The study used a quasi-experimental design with 50 competitive athletes aged 18-35. The methodology included an 8-week intervention focusing on leveraging individual strengths, goal setting, and resilience building. Outcomes were measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. To examine these differences, an analysis of variance with repeated measures, coupled with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test, was conducted using SPSS-26. Results indicated significant improvements in both self-efficacy and life satisfaction in the experimental group compared to the control group. The study concludes that strength-based therapy positively impacts athletes' psychological well-being, suggesting its potential for broader application in sports therapy.
Development of an Educational-Psychological Manual for Parenting After Divorce Based on Positive Parenting and Investigating the Effectiveness of the Developed Manual on Children's Emotion Regulation
Authors: Hamidi Roya , Ahmadi Sedigheh , Heydari Hassan
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to develop an educational-psychological manual for parenting after divorce based on positive parenting and to investigate its effectiveness on emotion regulation. The research employed a mixed-method approach, incorporating qualitative phenomenology. The study population consisted of 16 custodial parents selected through purposive sampling from visitors to a family court complex in Tehran, employing semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using the seven-step process by Colaizzi. The quantitative section of the research was a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population was 177 parents, of whom 26 were selected through convenience sampling from parents who responded to the Shields and Cicchetti Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (1997) and whose children scored lower. These participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups and analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The qualitative research findings led to 7 main themes and 46 sub-themes. The quantitative findings showed that the developed educational-psychological manual has a significant effect on the emotion regulation of children of divorce (p < 0.001). Therefore, the educational-psychological manual based on positive parenting can be used for the emotional regulation problems of children after divorce.
Brief Review: Virtual Reality and Physical Exercise as Countermeasures of Coping the Space Missions
Authors: Russomano Thais , Vinagre Nelson A. C. , Gessinger Rosirene P , Castro João de C , Herbert Juliana da S , Oliveira Alcyr , Oliveira Edson , Costa Kalanna L.G. , Xavier Ana P , Ruiz Robson , Dihl Yann , Knechtle Beat , Weiss Katja , Andrade Marilia S , de Lira Claudio A. B. , Vancini Rodrigo
Published: April 2024

Microgravity is an environment incompatible with human physiology that induces unique physiological changes to the body. Exposure to microgravity environment can cause some possible physiological hazards, such as impairment of immune function, bone mass and skeletal muscle mass, in addition to possible negative psycological alterations (depression, anxiety, apathy, and personality changes). These pysico-physiological changes negatively impact health status and quality of life and result in operational difficulties on a space mission for the astronauts. Countermeasures designed to lessen the effect of microgravity on the human body include daily physical exercise and rehabilitation, psychotherapy, specific diets, pharmaceutical treatments, and the use of technologies. Virtual reality (VR) added to physical exercise programs, in the training and preparation of the astronauts for the space missions, could have more exuberant effects. Therefore, the aim of this perspective article is to present the application of VR and physical exercise as countermeasures for training and preparation before, during and after a space missions.