bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The change in housing patterns in the city of Najaf and its impact on the urban environment
Authors: المظفر صفاء مجيد
Published: August 2023

The environment is the place in which man lives, which influences and is affected by it, as it affects positively and negatively on the environment. Its positive impact is in turn represented by the construction of bridges and cities, cultivation of lands, combating desertification, afforestation of lands, and the use of modern technologies to preserve the environment. As for its negative role, it is represented by environmental pollution resulting from industrial, agricultural and civil activity Cutting trees and crawling housing on agricultural lands and others. As for the impact of the environment on the human being, it is represented by the human form in terms of skin color and physical strength. Designed to reduce high heat
The Islamic fundamentalist movement (origin and approach)
Authors: محمد علي عظم , حاتم رنا عبد الرحيم
Published: August 2023

This research deals with the emergence of contemporary Islamic fundamentalism, which appeared with the founding of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1928 and continued thereafter, and was represented by violence and distortion of some Islamic concepts such as the concept of (jihad) to achieve political gains. The fundamentalist pushed him, making him comparable to the secular currents in the Arab world in the middle of the twentieth century
The motives of neighboring Makkah in the first Abbasid era
Authors: الكريطي جابر غازي , الشيباني محمد نجم
Published: August 2023

The research in our hands is concerned with studying the motives of the neighborhood of Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the first Abbasid era, which were numerous due to the political developments that that era witnessed and the cultural and scientific renaissance that left its clear imprints on Islamic civilization. And these motives had an active role in the neighborhood of many neighbors in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the first Abbasid era, and this research was divided into two axes, the first axis specialized in studying what the neighborhood is
Poetic Evidences and Their Semantic Purposes in the Interpretation of Al-Mizan by Allama Tabatabaei
Authors: شيرازي سيد حيدر فرع , بلاوي رسول
Published: August 2023

Poetic evidence is one of the most important things that are usually relied upon in literary studies, especially if the interpretation is known as literary interpretation.
Fascist Organizations and Their Infiltration into French Politics 1934-1936
Authors: عبد الرزاق احمد ابهاء
Published: August 2023

The emergence of fascism in Europe coincided chronologically with the phase of severe economic and social crises that afflicted the Western world in the twenties of the twentieth century. Thanks to social and historical conditions, fascism emerged on the political scene as the only force qualified to get out of the crisis and save the existing social system, not change it. This is an important point, because fascist regimes did not eliminate the economic foundations of the existing system. Rather, most of what it did is that it changed the form of government from a Western democracy to a tyrannical, authoritarian dictatorship. Nevertheless, fascism is an exploitative system of government of a new type, because the fascists sought from the beginning to establish a harsh ruling apparatus that works on the principle of blind obedience.
The Nazis practiced a method of total physical liquidation in order to eliminate their political opponents
Zulkifli in the books of geographers and travelers (historical study)
Authors: الحسيني خالد موسى , القصير خديجة حسن
Published: August 2023

Cities and archaeological sites in Iraq received great attention from geographers and travelers who visited them and wrote down their observations and what they contained of architectural and civilizational styles and historical aspects, the purpose of which is to identify their historical origin and to which era they belong.
The writings of geographers and travelers are among the important sources for writing history because they reflect the observations of his eyes. They contain an accurate description of what that city and site were like at the time of their visit, as well as the records of historical incidents associated with it.
And
Sicily Island - a historical study of civilization -
Authors: حروز عبد الغني
Published: August 2023

Sicily is located between the southern coast of Italy and the French coast near it to the south.[1] The distance between it and Africa: one hundred and twenty kilometers.[2] It is surrounded by three seas: the Ionian Sea to the east, the Tyrrhenian Sea to the north, and the Sicilian or African Sea to the south and west.[3] Sicily can be divided into three geographical regions: the Mazer region, the Notis region and the Danish region. As for its area, it is twenty-five thousand four hundred and sixty kilometers.[4] Among its famous cities is its capital: Balram, Catania, Mycenae, Syracuse, Notus, Gergent, Mazer, Tabarmin, Kasariana and Ragos.[5]
to
 
You were expelled from Paradise
 
 
 
I am the latest news.[13]
In addition to Jabal al-Nar, which is a mountain overlooking the sea and in it the great volcano, Ahmed bin Omar al-Athari said: “There is no volcano in this world more horrible in appearance than it, nor as impressive as its informant.
Classification of external land transport routes in Dhi Qar Governorate using (GIS)
Authors: الياسري وهاب فهد , الخفاجي ميثاق طالب
Published: August 2023

The study included the classification of external land transport routes in Dhi Qar Governorate, as the external land transport routes in the study area amounted to (18) roads, as well as the classification of vehicles and road numbering. The external roads in the study area are morphologically divided into highways, main and secondary roads, as the number of highways reached (2) roads, and the number of main and secondary roads reached (8) roads each.
Spatial distribution of the dependency ratio in Najaf Governorate for the period (1997-2014 AD)
Authors: الخفاف عبد علي حسن , النجم ضياء جعفر
Published: August 2023

This research dealt with the study of the three broad age groups, as the young age category (less than 15 years) reached (44%) in the year 1997 AD, then decreased slightly to reach (43%) in the year 2007 AD, then decreased clearly in the year 2014 AD to reach (39%) As for the second category (youth category) (from 15-64 years), it increased by the way, reaching (52%) in the year 1997 AD, and rose in the year 2007 AD to reach (54%), then increased by the year 2014 AD to reach (58%), as for the third category (65 years and over) reached (4%) in 1997 AD and remained constant in the years 2007 AD and 2014 AD to reach (3%)
The role of urban planning in protecting the urban environment from household waste (a case study of Al-Mukarramah neighborhood in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf)
Authors: الاسدي صلاح هاشم , الخالدي قاسم مطر , عنوز احمد يحيى
Published: August 2023

The research aims to study the problem of household waste management in Al-Mukarramah neighborhood, one of the neighborhoods of Najaf Al-Ashraf, and to develop solutions to this problem. To this end, a field survey was conducted and a questionnaire was prepared to determine the composition and rate of household solid waste production for a group of households that were elected in the study area.
Giving and begging in Shiite literature
Authors: شيرازي سيد حيدر فرع , وكيلي محمد تقي
Published: August 2023

Every poet has psychological motives for which he chants his poetry from time to time. One of those motives is begging, which is the request for giving, which is famous among poetry professionals for gain, especially those who went to the court of kings or caliphs, so they made it a vulgar to trade with. As for begging in the literature of those loyal to Ahl al-Bayt (G), it turned into sublime concepts
A study of the inhibitory effect of the Ethanolic extract of Cyperus rotundus , Eugenia caryophyllus and Coriandrum sativum on the in vitro growth of Candida albicans on a Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
Authors: Hatem Al-Ebady Zainab Adnan , Ghazi Al-Mohana Ali Mohammad
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of three local plant ethanolic extracts (Cyperus rotundus , Eugenia caryophyllus and Cariandrum sativum ) against the growth of Candida albicans in culture media by  using of agar well diffusion method. For this purpose graduate concentrates for each extract ( 25 , 50 , 100 , 150 , 200 , 400 )mg/ml prepared and tested .The result showed that the  extract of Cyperus rotundus was more effective than Eugenia caryophyllus ,while  Coriandrum sativum has no effect in all concentrates on  Candida albicans.    The statistical analysis by using ANOVA with LSD at level (p<0.05) showed that the  concentrations 200 , 400 mg/ml for Cyperus rotundus and 200 mg/ml for Eugenia caryophyllus were a significantly preeminence on the effect of other concentrations and from the effect of Nystatin and Clotrimazole .
Congenital anomalies in cattle and buffalo within Mudaina city in Basrah province between period 2007- 2009.
Authors: Naeem Hussein Rafid Majeed
Published: August 2023

A clinical study of congenital anomalies in cattle and buffalo was done within Mudaina city. This study revealed an incidence of congenital anomalies between 2007-2009 which were: Fused heads, unilateral knuckling at front knee,  hydrocephalus and eye flap, supernumerary pendulous leg, atresia ani, massive congenital ventral abdominal hernia,   the upper and lower jaw and eyebrows are disappeared,  multiple malformation of  vertebral column and atresia ani et recti and the animal could not stand on its leg, and calf with malformation of vertebral column only, and the causes might environmental .
Some histological observations on the interstitial glands in she _camel ovary
Authors: Mohammed Abdul- Hadi Sallal
Published: August 2023

Histologically , the interstitial glands in she – camel ovary at one year aged was well- developed and scattered as cords among collage -nous fibers of the stroma in the ovary cortex . The interstitial glands appeared as arboriesed compound branched tubular  glands , which composed of the interstitial polyhedral or round cells with round or oval nuclei . The cytoplasm was clear due to presence of numerous lipid droplets .
    The present study was revealed that the interstitial glands were distributed in the stroma of she – camel ovarian cortex .These glands were adjacent to the blood vessels and atretic follicles. When the animal was advanced in age (3years old) ,the glands will change to simple tubular and decreased in number. Our results about the histological description , was noticed for the first time in the immature she – camel ovaries .
Comparative study of the inhibitory efficacy of some medicinal plant oils on the growth of pure isolates from a group of pathogenic microorganisms in vitro
Authors: Sabeeh Al-Hussaini Jinan Abdul-Ameer
Published: August 2023

The present in vitro study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils of four medicinal plants including: Eugenia caryophyllus, Sesamum indicum, Linum usitatissimum, and Mentha piperita against the growth of seven pathogenic microorganisms: two gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii, Micrococcus spp., and five gram-negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter cloacae. The method employed to test the antimicrobial efficacy was the Agar Well Diffusion test. The antimicrobial activity of Eugenia caryophyllus oil against the growth of all the test microorganisms except Proteus mirabilis was statically superior to the rest of the test oils with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 28.5±0.87 mm, 12.25±0.25 mm, 22.25±0.66 mm, 23.08±1.16 mm, 27.83±1.39 mm, and 10.91±0.39 mm against the growth of Staphylococcus cohnii cohnii, Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae respectively. Sesamum indicum oil produce significant effect against Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteus mirabilis with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 21.75±1.29 mm and 14.25±1.03 mm respectively.  Linum usitatissimum revealed positive results against Micrococcus spp. Only with mean diameter of zone of inhibition; 30.41±0.46 mm. while the oil of Mentha piperita did not show any inhibitory activity against each of the test microorganisms.
Metachromasia in the exfoliated vaginal cells of Awassi ewes
Authors: Zaid Nazih Wayes
Published: August 2023

Smears from exfoliated vaginal cells of eight Awassi ewes were obtained from the animal farm of Veterinary College, Baghdad University during 2007. The smears were stained with Methylene blue and examined under light microscope. The present results clearly indicated that, through its upward migration, the vaginal epithelial cells undergo shifting in colour of both cytoplasm and nucleus, metachromasia. This may related to the different amount of glycogen loaded in the cells and the different amount of keratohylin which occupied the cell gradually and the pH of these cells after invasion with the endogens lactobacillus normally found in the vagina.
A study of the effects Telmisartan on induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in male rabbits
Authors: Al-Safi Shatha M. , Al-Mousawi Najah R.
Published: August 2023

Atherosclerosis is a major killer disease world wide. The most common risk factors are diabetes, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity. The period of this study was continued for one year.  This study explains the effect of Telmisartan on induced atherosclerosis in male rabbits. Eighteen local domestic rabbits were allocated randomly into 3 groups. Atherosclerosis was induced in 2 groups by adding cholesterol powder(3%) to standard chow diet for 10 weeks .Normal control group was put on normal chow diet. The blood sampling was collected firstly at the end of the induction period and every 5 days through the 60 days of treatment course, and serum lipid profile namely .TG,TC,LDL,VLDL,and HDL were measured .Autopsy of aortic (abdominal and thoracic) sectioning for histopathology were done before treatment and after completing the 60 days of treatment. Telmisartan show a significant reduction (P value<0.01) in serum cholesterol level, Triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol ,and significant increase in HDL-cholesterol level as compared with control groups (p<0.01) ,Telmisartan treated group showed significant atherolytic effects (p<0.001) as compared with the untreated group.
We conclude that Telmisartan reduced serum levels of TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and increase serum HDL level in treated animals. Telmisartan decrees atherogenic index with atherolytic effect in arterial wall of treated animals.
Clinical evaluation for the diuretic effect of the alcoholic extract of Trigonella faenum- gracum seeds (fenugreek) on rabbits
Authors: AL-atwi Lafta F.
Published: August 2023

Fenugreek seeds has a wide range of pharmacological activities like hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic , galactogogue and diuretic activities. Most of these effects have been well studied. However there is no separate study that evaluate the diuretic effect of fenugreek. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate clinically the diuretic effect of this herb. Fenugreek extract has been compared with equal volume of distilled water each has been given to a group of five healthy adult male albino rabbits. Both serum and 24-hr urine samples then analyzed weekly for electrolytes level, osmolality and pH for four weeks. It has been found that fenugreek, caused a significant increases in sodium and potassium excretion with a significant reductions in osmolality with respect to the control group. It had a significant hypocalciuric effect, in respect to the control group.. Serum values of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, pH and osmolality did not reveal any significant change compared with the control values. It was concluded that fenugreek has a very powerful diuretic effect and this effect is thiazide-like regarding urine flow and urine composition of electrolytes.
Prevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Najaf city
Authors: Salih Huda Ali
Published: August 2023

Toxoplasma gondii is globally distributed pathogen for human cause significant morbidity and mortality in developing fetus , in pregnant women toxoplasmosis is an important cause of abortions and stillbirth after primary infection . Therefore , the diagnosis of this infection is essential to prevent complications . This study was performed in order to evaluate the prevalence  of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and to study some factors that influence toxoplasmosis transmission . Among 260 sera samples tested using  enzyme Linked immunosorbent assay(Elisa) . The seroprevalence of IgG which refer to chronic infection of Toxoplasma was (30.76 % )(80 out of 260 ) and IgM  which refer to acute infection of Toxoplasma was (11.92%) (31 out of 260) . The present study demonstrated, that toxoplasmosis is more common among  age group (25- 34 ) years ,and there is no statistically significant difference between of Toxoplasma infection and occupation of pregnant women , and there are significant role for the environmental and personal factors on Toxoplasma transmission , the study showed that the cats exposure woman were most affected by Toxoplasma ( 37. 5 %) and the pregnant women who not using disinfectant were more affected (42.51%) and the pregnant women who depending in their feeding on restaurant more frequent to infection with Toxoplasma (46.95%).
Assessment of protective effect of thymus on cadmium chloride that induced nephropathy and neuropathy in rats
Authors: Ulaiwi Hassan Khalaf , Ghazi Ali Mohammed , Auda Diyaa Abed
Published: August 2023

This study included twenty seven rats were allowed to acclimate for 1 week in the animal house of veterinary medicine college. Rats were housed three per  cage with dimension of (45*35*20). Rats were divided into three groups; the first group represent cadmium chloride (CaCl)  treated group which include nine (9) animals  denoted by (group A); second group represent thymus and cadmium chloride treated group which include nine animals (9) denoted by (B) and third group which represent control group which also include  nine (9) animals denoted by (C). The CaCl was given by drinking water with dose rate (50 PPM) daily; the aqueous extraction of thymus also was given by drinking after adding of CaCl with dose rate (50 PPM) daily. Tissue samples were taken for histopathological study  by killing (3) animals from each group at periods of (17, 24 and 31) days after exposure to CaCl. Routine histological technique ending by staining 5 μm with H&E and then examined by light microscope.
    The histopathological results of group (A) revealed presence of pale area ( a” softening”) in the brain surrounding by edema. The tissue has vacuolated structure, also a number of  astrocytes with small round basophilic nuclei and ill- defined cytoplasmic boundaries are present. Finding of hypertrophic reactive astrocytes and alterations of neurofibrils that clumped and twisted into odd shapes like tennis rackets or skeins of wool. The results of group (B) showed the protective effectiveness of Thymus extract against treatment with CACL and the brain tissue looks like normal regeneration occurs mainly at plaque margin and presence of  normal white matter.
    The histopathological results of kidneys of group (A) showed that the most prominent microscopic changes, in particular evident necrosis, especially in proximal tubules. There is atrophy of most of the tubules and the glomerular tuft shows marked increased in cellularity, with obliterated Bowman’s space . The most marked changes are the loss of tubules, and many of  these remaining are small and lined by very atrophic epithelium. The results of Group (B) didn’t revealed any effectiveness of thymus extract against toxicity  of kidney tissue with CACL.
 The conclusion that the cadmium chloride may cause severe damage in brain and kidneys of rats and thymus can used as a protective agent against toxicity with cadmium chloride and this protective effect occur obviously in protection of brain tissue against toxic effect of cadmium chloride.
Epidemiological and therapeutical study of Giardiasis in sheep in AL-Diwaniya province.
Authors: H. AI-Fetly Dhafer R. , AIrodhan Mohsen A. , Abid Thaier AIwan
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of giardiasis in sheep and carried out in seven different areas in AL – Diwaniya province. It was designed to investigate the effect of region, age, sex and months of the year on the infection ratios during the period from November 2006 to October 2007.In addition to study albendazole efficiency in treatment of giardiasis in sheep. A total (400) fecal samples has been collected from sheep, Results revealed that overall prevalence was (13.5%), The highest prevalence in sheep were (20%),(18.18%) in AL-Shamiya and Afak respectively, While the lowest (5.35%) was recorded in AL-Diwaniya center ,Which was significantly differ (p<0.05) .On the other hand the highest ratio was recorded in sheep (25.53%) on January, which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than (4.76%),(6.25%) on August and September respectively. Results showed higher prevalence rate were recorded in sheep less than 6 months of age as (21.78%), There were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that more than 6 months. There was no significant difference regarding the prevalence in different sex. Giardia parasite was found in diarrheic sheep as (22.91%) there was   significantly higher (p<0.05) than the non- diarrheic sheep. Oral treatment of giardiasis in sheep with albendazole at a dose of 20 mg/kg B.W. once daily for three consecutive days, showed that the drug was effective in reduction of cysts shedding with cure rates (99.37%), (97.41%),(96.07%) and (100%) in fourth, seventh, tenth, fourteenth days of treatment respectively, with no adverse reactions of the drug.
Effect of Nigella sativa and Thymus vulgaris alone or combination on Ascaridia galli of laying hens
Authors: Hussain A. B. , Al-Noori M. A. , Ibrahim Dhafer J.
Published: August 2023

The present experiment aimed to study the ability of two type of plant  Nigella sativa and Thymus vulgaris and their mixture to prevent Ascaris infection in laying hens . A total of 120 ISA Brown hens, 27 weeks old were used in this experiment .Hens were randomly distributed into 4 treated groups of 12 hens each . each treatment was constituted  of 3 replicates with 4 hens. the two plant extract were supplemented to the diet at the rate of   0.25 , 0.5 , 0.75 %  alone or as a mixture from both of them .Results revealed that the addition of thymus at levels 0.5 , 0.75 %  to the diet have an effect on the absence of Ascaridia galli at the first week from the experiment .while observed often the addition of Nigella sativa at level  0.25 and 0.5 to the diet have an effect on the absence of Ascaridia galli at the last two week from the experiment it has been observed that the addition of the Thymus Vulgaris and  Nigella  sativa   a mixture at all levels to the diet have an effect on the absence f the Ascaridia galli in the feces of laying hens at most weeks of the experiment.
Histochemical study of the effect of heat on the function of male reproductive organs of rats
Authors: Gatie Saad J.
Published: August 2023

The literatures mentional that the male reproductive organs are under the effect of androgens which secreted from the testes ( Greenspan and Baxter 1994) .       
    To know the role of scrotum in decreasing of testicular temperature we used twenty mature male rate . The animals were randomly divided into two groups , ten animals each ( Control and treated ) . Both testes of the treated animals sutured to the abdominal wall while the control animals were shamly operated .After one month all animal were killed and the testes , prostate and seminal vesicle were removed and put in liquid nitrogen ( - 196c ) . frozen section made and stained according to the stander histochemical methods .            The results showed an increase in acid phosphatase  activity in the treated tissues compared with the control . Alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity were unstable , while the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme activity decreased markedly in the treated tissues compared with the control tissues .                       
    The present observation confirmed the role of androgen in regulation of male organs function .
Modulation of some cardiovascular risks factors with different doses of Quercetin in patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with Azathioprine
Authors: Ali Shatha H. , Al-Bsaisi Hamadallah a , Al-Rekabi Mohammad a
Published: August 2023

Cardiovascular diseases are increasingly recognized contributors to increased morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Attention to this feature of   RA has been drawn by recognition of the key role played by inflammation in atherogenesis. This may be related to an atherogenic lipid profile and endothelial dysfunction. Conventional treatments of RA patient does not greatly affect those risk factors . Moreover , they may aggravate them  and carry a potential adverse effects. Quercetin is a versatile flavonoid and has several biological activities that can abolish most of the undesirable effects of the inflammatory process associated with RA. It has well known anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and cardioprotective properties. In this work we investigated the effect quercetin on lipid profile and sICAM-1 in160 RA patient treated with azathioprine  for 8 weeks. Patient are divided into 4 groups each group was treated either with azathioprine ( Aza.) combined with different doses of quercetin(500, 1000, 1500mg/day) . In addition, 30 apparently healthy volunteers were participated and served as control group. Blood samples of the patients taken at zero time and after 8 weeks , converted to serum and analyzed for ICAM-1 and lipid profile  Results shows a significant ( P>0.05) reduction in serum level of sICAM-1 in all doses tried in this study . Significant reduction in both total cholesterol ( TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) specially at a dose of 1500mg/day quercetin . High density lipoprotein cholesterol had increased in all doses quercetin as well as azathioprine only treated group. The atherogenic index TC/HDL-c ratio had improved in all groups with no significant effect on triglycerides.        From this study we conclude that although the treatment of RA patient with azathioprine improve some cardiovascular risk factors specially lipid profile , the addition of quercetin to such patients greatly and significantly improve lipid profile and reduce the level of ICAM-1 which are important risk factors for atherogenesis . It has also concluded that 1500mg/day of quercetin gave an attractive results compared with other doses used in the study.
Bacteriological study to measure the degree of bacterial contamination and its impact on the proportion of hatching for a number of local hatcheries in Baghdad
Authors: Husdfdfsein Alaa Abdul Aziz , AL-Shweely Jameela Radhee
Published: August 2023

Samples were collected from three hatcheries in the city of Baghdad was chosen at random, for period 3\2005-9\2005,and included samples of the egg shells and paper pads and swabs from the transport vehicles and cloacal swabs from newly chicks for each of the three hatcheries the results were isolation the  following bacteria :Salmonella spp ,E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Strept.spp., Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii.    These isolates showed a variation in the proportion of total isolation between the three hatcheries, as well as variation in the proportion of each type.     The hatchery no.(3) was the first in terms of the proportion of total isolation(14,91%),while hatchery no.2 came the second place and then hatchery no.1 at third at the rates of isolation equal to (13,9%),(11,27%) respectively.    Rates of total hatchability shows that hatchery No. (2) record the highest percentage of total hatchability by 91%, followed by hatchery No. (1), by 87%, then the hatchery No. (3) by 78%, but from the view of hatch of fertile,(which is more accurate for evaluation) the hatchery No.1 was at higher percentage of (80%) , followed by hatchery No.(2)with percent equal to 76% and hatchery No. (1) with percent equal to 68%, the reason for the differences of these ratios in the three hatcheries may be attributed to different proportion of bacterial contamination and its impact on these hatcheries.
Tick prevalence and identification in calves in Al-Manathera city/Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf
Authors: Khalil K. Z. , Abdulwahed N. A.
Published: August 2023

A study was carried out in three months , to show the prevalence of tick infestation among feedlode calves in Al-Manathera region in Al-Najaf Al-Alashraf city . the infestation rate was 43.9 % (354 from 806 ) .Severity of  infestation of calves were 23 % with 5-10 tick/animal  which represent the highest rate , and 6 % with 21-25 tick/animal . which represent the lowest rate . The most infested area are perineum in a rate of  36.72 % ,while the less infested area are testis in a rate of 5.36 % . two genus were identified , which are Hyalomma spp. and Ixodes spp.  In a rate of 43.7 %  (146 tick from 404 ) and 56.2 % (258 tick from 404).
Effect of Ellagic Acid Extracted from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) on Thyroid and Parathyroid Gland of Adult Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate
Authors: Arrak Jawad K.
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out to investigate the protective and treatment effect of pomegranate extract (ellagic acid) to treat the toxic effect of lead acetate.     Forty adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. First group kept as control, second group (T1) dosed lead acetate (10 mg/kg B.W.), third group (T2) dosed ellagic acid (100 mg/kg B.W.) plus lead acetate (10 mg/kg B.W.), while the fourth group dosed (200 mg/kg B.W.) of ellagic acid plus lead acetate (10 mg/kg B.W.).    Blood samples collected at (2, 4, 6) weeks for measuring the following parameters: serum T3, T4, parathyroid hormone and Ca+2 levels.    At the end of the experiment(42 days) six animals of each group were scarified to examine the histological structure of thyroid and parathyroid gland.    Results revealed a decrease in thyroid hormones (T3, T4) in lead acetate group (T1) and protective dose of ellagic acid (T2) group at day 28 and 42 days of experiment compared with control group, while treatment dose of ellagic acid (T3) causes a significant increase of thyroid hormones at the two period above compared with lead acetate and protective dose of ellagic acid (T1 and T2) groups. On other hand exposure of rats to lead acetate revealed a decrease in parathyroid hormone and Ca+2 levels compared with control group at 28 and 42 days of experiment for parathyroid hormone and at all period of treatment for Ca+2, also protective and treatment dose of ellagic acid caused elevation of parathyroid hormone at 28, 42 days of experiment compared with T1 group, while treatment dose of ellagic acid resulted in significant increment of Ca+2 levels at second and last period of experiment.    It is concluded that the deleterious effect of lead acetate on thyroid and parathyroid gland of rats may be treated by ellagic acid especially in treatment dose which lead to a significant improvement of their functions activity.
Cyclic events of spermatogenic cells in the seminiferous tubules of Guinea pigs
Authors: Mohammed Abdul-Hadi S. , Jawad Widad A.
Published: August 2023

There are  twelve stages were identified in the spermatogenic cycle  in Guinea Pig, each contains one or two generations of spermatids which is connected with one or two generations of Spermatocytes and one or two generations of spermatogonia. This cycle leads into the formation of significant changes in the diameter and height of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules which reaches its highest(59.78 + 0.07 micrometer) and (215.3+0.08micrometer) in diameter at the seventh stage . Also the least hight of epithelium (49.42+ 0.09micrometer) is   realized at the eleventh stage,and the least diameter (195.39+0.08 micrometer) at the ninth stage. statistical analysis indicated significant differences (p<0.05) between the different stages of the spermatogenic cycle.
Effect of coriander sativum and Cuminum cyminum on bacterial growth of some Pathogenic bacteria in vitro
Authors: Ali Khetam Abd AL-Sada
Published: August 2023

The present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Cuminum Cyminum and Coriander sativum against some pathogenic bacterial isolates including Staphylococcus aureus , streptococcus spp. , Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas auroginosa .    The antibacterial effect of these plant extracts were compared with standard antibiotics ( amoxicillin and gentamicin )    Alcoholic extract of Cumin and Coriander exhibited a potent antibacterial activity approximated or some times exceeded , especially in high concentration , these observed with amoxicillin or gentamicin . The results of this study reveal that ethanolic extract of cumin and coriander contains pharmacologically active substances with antibacterial properties . these properties may explain the rational for the effective use of the plant as treatment in traditional medicine . Further studies , however is necessary to isolate and identify the active ingredients of these plants and their exact mode of action .
The effect of the Capsicum annuum in the diet of broilers on the isolation and shedding rate of Salmonella paratyphoid
Authors: Husdfdggsein Alaa Abdul Aziz
Published: August 2023

Capsicum annuum(Capsicum pepper) is widely consumed as a fresh vegetable(appetizer) by human community, although its extremely high capsaicin content has led to other uses such as medicinal agent for many case of humen  , recently described antimicrobial peptides from C. annuum were very efficient in inhibiting growth in human and plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.    At this research, in order to explore the inhibitory effect of the C.annuum, as a possible alternative to antibiotics against the challenge dose of Salmmonella typhimurium in broiler chickens were studied.    The results showed that the use of mixed diet with C. annuum at percent 1% and 2% ,were effective against Salmonella typhimurium infection through decreasing fecal shedding , isolation rate, bacterial count of Salmonella  typhimurium and mortality rate also it cause elevation of serum total protein and decreasing total serum cholesterol level .
Study the effect of age on HCG test in pregnant women
Authors: Abdulrida Ali Saliem , A Meison Abdulbary
Published: August 2023

This study comes to determine the effect of age gender on HCG levels in pregnant women. Fifty-four pregnant women divided into two groups according to age, group1 age range (15 – 30) years, group 2 (31 – 45) years. Pregnant test (β – HCG) applied upon urine sample in laboratory of AL-Sadre educational hospital inAL-NajafCity. The result revealed a highly significant effect (P < 0.05) of age in this hormone.
Identification of Buffaloes hemorrhagic septicemia in southern Iraq marshland-2008
Authors: Gati Jalel Abed , Abdulamer Khawla Gani , Abdulah Majdah Saeed
Published: August 2023

A satisfactory investigation of buffaloes hemorrhagic septicemia was obtained in the marshes of  Dhi Qar governorate in southern Iraq. Has described the clinical and pathological  symptoms and exterior morphology of bacterial colonies and biochemical behavior of Pasterulla multocida. Gross and histopathological changes were recorded  also in  13 samples collected from infected and dead animals.
Study the effect of Ivermectin on infected hens with lice
Authors: Al-Habobby Z. A. , Fayagh F. F. , Al-Zaiday S. W.
Published: August 2023

In the present study conducted on effect of Ivermectin drug on infected hens with lice. the data showed that, this drug have a poisonous effected on lice parasite during the first three days of treatment. At the same time have no toxisicity on treated hens.. Also the ivermectin is not negative effect on the eggs production of the infected and treated hens. There are only 8 eggs for 25 hens injected the drug ,but the rate increased to 19 eggs, and the size of the hens become larger after one week from injection the drug.The study was show a positive effect for drug in parasite and its eggs , and the blood parameters were returned to normal values in infected hensafter treatment with drug. Additionally , were found the each of hemoglobin values for infected hens befor treatment were 10-14 mg/dl ,sugar 200-250 mg/100ml and alkaline phosphates enzyme 1.5-3.5 K.A.S/100ml ,but after treatment the values above were different where the hemoglobin values 10-12 mg/dl , sugar 185-240 mg/100ml and levels of alkaline phosphates enzyme was 1.3-4.5 K.A.S/100ml.
Detection of Toxoplasmosis in human and cats immunologically
Authors: Dawood Khairy A. , Abdulrazaq Alaa M. , Naamah Ahmad J.
Published: August 2023

The aims of this research to diagnose Toxoplasmosis in   aborted women and cats in cities  of Al-Qadisyia governorate . So 91 blood samples were collected from clinically  suspect- ed women  and six samples of blood of stray cats .Latex agglutination and ELISA ( IgG , IgM ) tests were used . The results , 75 cases were positive for Toxoplasmosis  in latex agglutination test (82%) , while the results of ELISA test by using IgG  reveal that 60% of the cases were positive from that of positive to the latex test  . The results of ELISA to IgM were 11 positive cases ( 14.6%) from that positive to latex .The immunofluorescent test was done on 20  samples that were positive to ELISA  (IgG)  and the results  19 cases were positive ( 95%) .Six samples of stray cats , all of them were positive for both tests  agglutination latex and ELISA , IgG ,except one case was                                                                                                                     .negative to IgG
Antimicrobial study of active constituents of Rhus coriaria
Authors: O. AL-Jubory Sadyiah Y. , Salah Shaker S. , M. AL-Saltany Ahmad A.
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial of fruit of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) .Various constituents (alkaloids ,glycosides,phenol and terpenoids) were extracted and separated then submitted for the determination of their antimicrobial activity against  Pseudomonas aurogenosa, Staphylococci aureus and Candida albicans. Extracts of R.coriaria at 100 mg/ml, exhibited inhibition zones ranged, 0-27, 20-25, 20-24 and 9-23 mm of alkaloids, glycosides, phenols and terpenoids respectively. These results indicate that R.coriaria have antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro.
Some quality and chemical caracterities to frozen meat and imported in Diwanyia city
Authors: Fega AL-Kwzaiu Oruba Meteb
Published: August 2023

The stude aimed to make some tests and chemical quality of some imported meat toiraqto identify its suitability for human consumption onsumption and included five types of meat , these kinds (awal Indian, fletcher Australian , niereaUruguay, aliffa Indian , alfakherbrazil). The results showed the chemical tests and a significact difference in the ratio of moisture to the meat awal meat samples from the rest of the other at the level of en probability (p<0.01) and moisturecontent was high in all meat samples of the five types. As itturned outthat there is significant difference in the percentage of fat between the meat of all ttypes under study and all of these rations mnkqdq for natural birth .did not show significant defferences in the proportion of ash , protein and carbohydrates.the tests of quality have shown samples of meat-type flether a significant difference in the rate of dyecollege compared to the rest of the otherspecies at the level of probability (p<0.05 )and showed meat awal a significant difference in the degree of acidity in comparison of liquid nadh and volatile fatty acids and nitrogen and total acid number and peroxide number laoparpetthi within the limits allowable.
Effects of aqueous extract of catechin tea on some parameters of sperms and histopathological changes in testis of mice treated with Methotrexate (MTX)
Authors: Daham Abbas Fadhil , Mohammed Al-Hilfi Haithem Auda
Published: August 2023

Methotrexate (MTX ) is commonly used for the treatment of certain cancers including but not limited to leukemia, Hodgkin's disease and head and neck cancers and causes reproductive damage in mice. The aim of this research, is to study the effects of catechin aqueous extract on some parameters of sperms and histopathological changes in testis of mice treated with methotrexate. Thirty-two adult albino male mice were divided into four groups, (8 mice in each group) First group was (negative control) received normal saline intraperitoneally, while second group was treated with extract of catechin as positive control. The third group was treated with methotrexate (50 μg/kg). The fourth group was treated with methotrexate (50 μg/kg) also (ip) and extract of catechin 6g/kg for 21 days. The results showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in sperms motility , increased percentage of dead sperms and abnormalities of sperms in mice treated with MTX, there was significant (P<0.05) decrease in diameters of seminiferous tubules, primary spermatocytes and spermatids, increased interstitial spaces as compared with control, while in the second group result showed significant (P<0.05) increase in sperms motility , decreased percentage of dead and abnormalities of sperms and significant (P<0.05) increase in diameters of seminiferous tubules, primary spermatocytes and spermatids and decrease interstitial spaces compared with first and third groups.
Effect Of Light Intensity On Broiler Performance& physioloical Trails Reared Under High Environment Temperature
Authors: Al-Asadi Adnan N.
Published: August 2023

One day old straight chicks ( Fawbro ) were used to study the effect of low light intensity during the hot hours on the day on some productive and physiological traits of broilers reared under high cyclic temperature ( 28-36-28 cْ  ). Two treatments were used as follows ( T1) the birds were exposed to lower light intensity 0.5 -0.7 Lux for 12 hours during the hot period on the day (9 a.m. to 9 p.m . )  and followed by 15-16 Lux for 12 hours ( 9 p.m to9 a.m ) . ( T2) the birds were exposed for constant light intensity 15-16 Lux for 24 hours continuously .    Result revealed low light intensity 0.5-0.7 Lux significantly ( p<0.05 ) increased the average of body weight at 8 weeks of age , quantity of consumption feed and total weight  gain means during the period 4-8 weeks of age . as result revealed significantly decrease ( p<0.05) in mortality and Heterophils / Lymphocytes ( H / L ) ratio for low light intensity ( T1 ) compared with ( T2 ) that light intensity 15-16 Lux for 24 hr.
التحري عن النشاط التضادي لبكتريا Bacillus subtilus في نمو بعض الأحياء المجهرية المرضية
Authors: العمار مهدي اااا , مجبل فاطمة عبد الحسين , اااا ميادة فرحان
Published: August 2023

The study concluded the discovery and investigation of the ability of bacteria bacillus subtilus to produce the secondary metabolism ( antibiotic ) and to consider its activity in dampening the growth of  pathogenic microorganism which is represented by (Klebsiella pneumonia , Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aerogenosa , and Staphellococcus aureus) and fungi, yeast e.g. (Candida albicansg, Cryptococcus neoformans).    We also used different consentration from CFU in the contrastive study . The activity  increased to reach its maximum at the concentration 100 mg/ ml which has the ability to dampen all types of bacteria by diameters dampening  which ranged from (0.9-20) mm , while the fungi and yest diameter damping which ranged from (18.6-30.2) mm. And also the value of MIC and MBC was specified.
Systemic Treatment Of Murine Mammary Adenocarcinoma Transplanted Subcutaneously In Mice By Virulance Newcastle Disease Viruse
Authors: Ismail AbdulAmeer O. , Makkawi T. A. , Yaseen Nahi Y. , Albana Anton S.
Published: August 2023

The present  study  included  of  six  groups of  femals mouse  injecting  with cells from murine mammary adenocarcinoma subcutaneously, three  groups  as  treated and the others as control groups. The  first  group, Which  was  treated  with  BCG  and injection of virulence Newcastle disease virus(NDV) intraperitonealy (I.P),showed prominent   suppression  of  tumor  statistically significant  with ( 53 % ) compared  with  group  of  negative  control  and (46%) compared  with group of positive control . The groups treated with (NDV),shown increase of relative  tumor volume(RTV) compared with tumor size at the start of treatment but these increased lower than increased will be occurs in untreated groups.   Grossly,The treated tumor characterized by small in size,firm compared with tumor size in untreated groups.Histopathological examination   of   the  treated   tumor  showed  wide  areas  of  necrosis associated with  lymphocytic ,plasmic   and   macrophagic infiltration.
The effect of Gonadotroph in releasing hormone (GnRH ) in the reproductive traits of layer chickens
Authors: Jalob Ziad Khalaf , Al-Noori M. A. , Ismail Nibras Haqi
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of GnRH on the reproductive traits of fully mature layers chicks (31week). The study involved (36) chicks, shiefers breed , which were divided randomly in to three equal groups (n=12).The groups were treated with weekly intramuscular (I.M) injection in the thigh muscle for five successive week as indicated below:- (T1) control group :0.2 ml distilled water , T2 group:- 0.1 ml GnRH and T3 group :0.2ml GnRH . The study showed a high significant difference (p<0.01) in the reproductive trait of T2 group (78%) as compared to T1 and T3 group .The T1showed a slight increased than T3 group 68.86% ,65.98% respectively . Blood sample have been collected, directly from the heart, serum was separated for estimation of LH hormone by ELISA.    There was no significant differences in LH level among the three variant groups .    It was concluded from this study that GnRH have an effect in improvement of reproductive trait of layer chicks.
Comparative morphological and histological study between the implantation of skin auto grafts and skin sheep hetero grafts in rabbits
Authors: Towfek Amir Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

This  study  was  designed  to  compare  the  morphology  and  vascularization   between  the  implantation  of  skin  autografts  of  rabbits  and  skin  sheep  heterografts  in  rabbits .    The  morphological  and  histological  results  indicated  that  skin  autografts  was  more  benefit  than  skin  sheep  heterografts  due  to  the  differences  of  the  type  of  animals  and  formation  of  antibodies  against  the  foreign  antigens.