bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noninsulinoma Pancreatogenous Hypoglycemia Syndrome in a Patient With 1p36 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Auckley Elizabeth Diane , Arosemena Marilyn , Philipson Louis H
Published: February 2024

The 1p36 deletion syndrome involves a phenotypic presentation that includes central nervous system, cardiac, and craniofacial anomalies. We report the case of a 21-year-old female patient with 1p36 deletion syndrome who was found to have noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS) after hospitalization for persistent falls. On admission, vital signs were normal and physical examination revealed a thin, nonverbal patient. During hospitalization and prolonged fasting (14-18 hours), she persistently developed hypoglycemia (serum glucose nadir 57 mg/dL [3.2 mmol/L] [70-100 mg/dL; 3.9-5.6 mmol/L]). Subjective symptoms of hypoglycemia were not confirmed due to patient's cognitive impairment. Hypoglycemic events continued despite feeding and dextrose-containing fluids. Further workup included a critical sample that revealed a serum glucose 59 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L), insulin 20.6 μIU/mL (123.6 pmol/L [5-15 μIU/mL; 30.0-90 pmol/L]), proinsulin 33 pmol/L (3.6-22 pmol/L), C-peptide 1.74 ng/mL (0.58 nmol/L [0.8-3.85 ng/mL; 0.27-1.28 nmol/L]) and beta-hydroxybutyrate < 1.04 mg/dL (< 0.10 mmol/L; [< 4.2 mg/dL; < 0.4 mmol/L]). Insulin antibodies were negative. After confirmed insulin-mediated hypoglycemia, imaging studies followed. Pancreatic protocol abdominal computed tomography (CT), Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT scan, and endoscopic ultrasound found no pancreatic mass. Selective arterial calcium stimulation test showed a two-fold increase in insulin levels in 3/3 catheterized pancreatic territories. The patient started octreotide injections with resolution of hypoglycemia and was discharged on monthly lanreotide injections. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia in a patient with 1p36 deletion syndrome.
Tendings
Authors: Snaza Nathan
Published: February 2024

In Tendings, Nathan Snaza brings contemporary feminist and queer popular culture's resurging interest in esoteric practices like tarot and witchcraft into conversation with Black feminist and new materialist thought. Analyzing writing and performances by Maryse Condé, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English, Starhawk, Christina Sharpe, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and others, Snaza introduces his theory of tending as a concept that links ontology, attunement, care, and anticipatory action to explore how worlds persist through everyday acts of participation. In contrast to the universalizing presuppositions of the enlightenment, Snaza shows how certain feminist occult and esoteric practices constitute what he calls an endarkenment that embraces decolonial spiritual knowledge. Highlighting how endarkenment practices challenge universal presumptions and reject the racializing and colonialist mission of enlightenment modernity, Snaza demonstrates the ways esoterism affirms a pluriversal worldview that reimagines what it means to live in a more-than-human world.
The Relationship of Spinal Anesthesia Dosing Based on Thecal Sac Area to Anesthetic Failure in Lumbar Surgery
Authors: Patel Jainith , Karimi Helen , Olmos Michelle , Wiepert Liana , Kanter Matthew , Hernandez Nicholas S. , Frerich Jason M. , Riesenburger Ron I. , Kryzanski James
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Greater thecal sac volumes are associated with an increased risk of spinal anesthesia (SA) failure. The thecal sac cross-sectional area accurately predicts thecal sac volume. The thecal sac area may be used to adjust the dose and prevent anesthetic failure. We aim to assess the rate of SA failure in a prospective cohort of lumbar surgery patients who receive an individualized dose of bupivacaine based on preoperative measurement of their thecal sac area.

METHODS:

A total of 80 patients prospectively received lumbar spine surgery under SA at a single academic center (2022-2023). Before surgery, the cross-sectional area of the thecal sac was measured at the planned level of SA injection using T2-weighted MRI. Patients with an area <175 mm2, equal to or between 175 and 225 mm2, and >225 mm2 received an SA injection of 15, 20, or 25 mg of 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine, respectively. Instances of anesthetic failure and adverse outcomes were noted. Incidence of SA failure was compared with a retrospectively obtained control cohort of 250 patients (2019-2022) who received the standard 15 mg of bupivacaine.

RESULTS:

No patients in the individualized dose cohort experienced failure of SA compared with 14 patients (5.6%) who experienced failure in the control cohort (P = .0259). The average thecal sac area was 187.49 mm2, and a total 28 patients received 15 mg of bupivacaine, 42 patients received 20 mg of bupivacaine, and 10 patients received 25 mg of bupivacaine. None of the patients experienced any adverse outcomes associated with SA. Patients in the individualized dose cohort and control cohort were comparable and had a similar distribution of lumbar procedures and comorbidities.

CONCLUSION:

Adjusting the dose of SA according to thecal sac area significantly reduces the rate of SA failure in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.
Experimental evidence that EPA and DHA are dietary requirements in a migratory shorebird, but they do not affect muscle oxidative capacity
Authors: Dick Morag F. , Hobson Keith A. , Guglielmo Christopher G.
Published: February 2024

Dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are hypothesized to be natural doping agents in migratory shorebirds, enabling prolonged flight by increasing membrane fluidity and oxidative capacity of the flight muscles. Animals can obtain n-3 LCPUFAs from the diet or by conversion of dietary α-linolenic acid, 18:3 n-3. However, the capacity to meet n-3 LCPUFA requirements from 18:3 n-3 varies among species. Direct tests of muscle oxidative enhancement and fatty acid conversion capacity are lacking in marine shorebirds that evolved eating diets rich in n-3 LCPUFAs. We tested whether the presence and type of dietary fatty acids influence the fatty acid composition and flight muscle oxidative capacity in western sandpipers (Calidris mauri). Sandpipers were fed diets low in n-3 PUFAs, high in 18:3 n-3, or high in n-3 LCPUFAs. Dietary fatty acid composition was reflected in multiple tissues, and low intake of n-3 LCPUFAs decreased the abundance of these fatty acids in all tissues, even with a high intake of 18:3 n-3. This suggests that 18:3 n-3 cannot replace n-3 LCPUFAs, and dietary n-3 LCPUFAs are required for sandpipers. Flight muscle indicators of enzymatic oxidative capacity and regulators of lipid metabolism did not change. However, the n-3 LCPUFA diet was associated with increased FAT/CD36 mRNA expression, potentially benefitting fatty acid transport during flight. Our study suggests that flight muscle lipid oxidation is not strongly influenced by n-3 PUFA intake. The type of dietary n-3 PUFA strongly influences the abundance of n-3 LCPUFAs in the body and could still impact whole-animal performance.
T helper cells exhibit a dynamic and reversible 3′-UTR landscape
Authors: Seyres Denis , Gorka Oliver , Schmidt Ralf , Marone Romina , Zavolan Mihaela , Jeker Lukas T.
Published: February 2024

3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) are critical elements of messenger RNAs, as they contain binding sites for RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs that affect various aspects of the RNA life cycle including transcript stability and cellular localization. In response to T cell receptor activation, T cells undergo massive expansion during the effector phase of the immune response and dynamically modify their 3′ UTRs. Whether this serves to directly regulate the abundance of specific mRNAs or is a secondary effect of proliferation remains unclear. To study 3′-UTR dynamics in T helper cells, we investigated division-dependent alternative polyadenylation (APA). In addition, we generated 3′ end UTR sequencing data from naive, activated, memory, and regulatory CD4+T cells. 3′-UTR length changes were estimated using a nonnegative matrix factorization approach and were compared with those inferred from long-read PacBio sequencing. We found that APA events were transient and reverted after effector phase expansion. Using an orthogonal bulk RNA-seq data set, we did not find evidence of APA association with differential gene expression or transcript usage, indicating that APA has only a marginal effect on transcript abundance. 3′-UTR sequence analysis revealed conserved binding sites for T cell-relevant microRNAs and RBPs in the alternative 3′ UTRs. These results indicate that poly(A) site usage could play an important role in the control of cell fate decisions and homeostasis.
Technological tools for the measurement of sensory characteristics in food: A review
Authors: Martinez-Velasco José D , Filomena-Ambrosio Annamaria , Garzón-Castro Claudia L
Published: February 2024

The use of technological tools, in the food industry, has allowed a quick and reliable identification and measurement of the sensory characteristics of food matrices is of great importance, since they emulate the functioning of the five senses (smell, taste, sight, touch, and hearing). Therefore, industry and academia have been conducting research focused on developing and using these instruments which is evidenced in various studies that have been reported in the scientific literature. In this review, several of these technological tools are documented, such as the e-nose, e-tongue, colorimeter, artificial vision systems, and instruments that allow texture measurement (texture analyzer, electromyography, others). These allow us to carry out processes of analysis, review, and evaluation of food to determine essential characteristics such as quality, composition, maturity, authenticity, and origin. The determination of these characteristics allows the standardization of food matrices, achieving the improvement of existing foods and encouraging the development of new products that satisfy the sensory experiences of the consumer, driving growth in the food sector. However, the tools discussed have some limitations such as acquisition cost, calibration and maintenance cost, and in some cases, they are designed to work with a specific food matrix.
Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study
Authors: Maiti Sudeepta , Nayak Shailesh , Hebbar Karthikeya D , Pendem Saikiran
Published: February 2024

Background Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Methods This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The relevance of RF for differentiating IDC from ILC was evaluated using the maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) and Mann-Whitney test. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC. Results Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p <0.001) between IDC and ILC. We noticed that DCE RF, such as Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM) gray level variance (sensitivity (SN) 97.21%, specificity (SP) 96.2%, area under curve (AUC) 0.998), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) difference average (SN 95.72%, SP 96.34%, AUC 0.983), GLCM interquartile range (SN 95.24%, SP 97.31%, AUC 0.968), had the strongest ability to differentiate IDC and ILC. Conclusions MRI-based RF derived from DCE sequences can be used in clinical settings to differentiate malignant lesions of the breast, such as IDC and ILC, without requiring intrusive procedures.
Effects of national health benefits expansion policy on out-of-pocket payments and utilization of patients with four major catastrophic diseases
Authors: Kim Minjeong , Yoon Jangho , Chi Chunhuei
Published: February 2024

Background As South Korea achieved universal health care (UHC) in 1989, patients’ access to low-cost health services has highly increased. However, as liability for high-cost procedures is still high, patients’ accessibility to high-cost services is has been limited. For this reason, the Korean government has implemented an initiative of the “Mid-term Health Benefits Security Plan” to expand the health benefits coverage since 2005. Nevertheless, it has been criticized as the policy has yet to show any transparent evidence of reducing patients’ out-of-pocket costs since its implementation. This study aims to identify if the benefit expansion policy affected a reduction of patients’ health care spending and utilization after policy implementation. Methods We analyze data from the Korean Health Panel Survey for years 2009-2016, a nationally representative survey of non-institutionalized Korean citizens that provide the most comprehensive information on health care utilization and costs. We utilize two-part difference-in-differences (DID) models to estimate the patients' probability of accessing any care and the intensity of care, health care spending and utilization, conditional on the initiated care Results The total out-of-pocket(OOP) payments and inpatient spending decreased by USD 175.33 (p = 0.033) and USD 358.86 (p =0.018), respectively, which were statistically significant. Outpatient spending increased by USD 57.43 (p =0.607), but it was not statistically significantly associated with the policy implementation. In utilization, there were no significant changes in either the number of visits or hospital stays. Conclusions Even though we found that the policy led to a reduction in patients' OOP spending, the effects of the policy were largely limited to inpatient services and patients with high incomes. As the limited benefits of the policy to the particular services and patients might raise some equity issues, the government needs to extend the range of coverage more broadly so that a more comprehensive population can benefit from the policy.
7.R.2. Burkert, Walter (2003) Kleine Schriften II: Orientalia
Authors: Annus Amar
Published: February 2024

Burkert, Walter (2003) Kleine Schriften II: Orientalia. Herausgegeben von M. Laura Gemelli Marciano in Zusammenarbeit mit Franziska Egli, Lucius Hartmann und Andreas Schatzmann. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. (Hypomnemata: Untersuchungen zur Antike und zu ihrem Nachleben. Supplement-Reihe; 2/2.) VIII, 298 p. ISBN 3-525-25271-4. Price: €49.90.
LUDWIK KRUSZELNICKI – „DŻENTELMEN PIÓRA”
Authors: Żongołłowicz Bogumiła
Published: February 2024

W artykule omówiono współpracę Ludwika Kruszelnickiego z „Wiadomościami”. Trwała od 1948 do 1980 r. i zaowocowała szeregiem różnorodnych publikacji – od socjologicznych felietonów i analiz, przez opowiadania i wspomnienia, aż po humoreski. Szczególne miejsce w tej spuściźnie zajmują artykuły związane z ukochanym przez pisarza rodzinnym Lwowem.
EMIGRACJA WOBEC REGIONALIZMU, CZYLI WARMIŃSKIE I MAZURSKIE TEMATY W LONDYŃSKICH „WIADOMOŚCIACH”
Authors: Chojnowski Zbigniew
Published: February 2024

Artykuł koncentruje się na drukowanych w „Wiadomościach” tekstach związanych z Warmią i Mazurami. Tematy związane pośrednio (jak np. bitwa pod Grunwaldem) i bezpośrednio z tym regionem podejmowano w notach, krótkich artykułach, sprawozdaniach. Kraina ta pojawiała się także w obszerniejszych publikacjach o Niemczech i Prusach Wschodnich w kontekście rozważań o granicach powojennej Polski, migracji ludności z Kresów Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej, a także o historii i współczesności Europy. W nielicznych publikacjach przypomniano także osoby związane z tym regionem: XIX-wiecznego emigranta z Mazur,Krystyna Lacha Szyrmę, mazurskiego poetę Michała Kajkę, pisarza Erwina Kruka. Redakcja odnotowywała również niektóre znaczące fakty z życia społeczno-kulturalnego oraz literackiego na Warmii i Mazurach z lat 1956–1980. W rezultacie regionalizm „Wiadomości” przypominał ten, który realizowano w XX-leciu międzywojennym przede wszystkim jako przejaw narodowych i państwowych powinności.
„WIADOMOŚCI” – OSTATNIE DZIESIĘĆ LAT
Authors: Supruniuk Mirosław Adam , Kubiak Weronika
Published: February 2024

W powszechnej opinii, wyrażanej w literaturze, Mieczysław Grydzewski nie zabezpieczył losów „Wiadomości” umierając. Tymczasem było inaczej. Jeszcze za życia utworzył fundusz na ratowanie pisma, a na krótko przed śmiercią, powołał do życia „Trust”, któremu przekazał tygodnik, z obowiązkiem wspieranie redaktora Michała Chmielowca oraz zadecydowania kiedy i w jaki sposób należy pismo zamknąć. W skład „Trustu” weszli: Edward Raczyński, Marian Hemar, Juliusz Sakowski, Stefania Kossowska i Seweryn Kon. „Trust” spotykał się w latach 1970-1981 raz w roku i starał się ratować finanse „Wiadomości”, zabiegając m.in. o pomoc Fundacji z Brzezia Lanckorońskich. Po śmierci Chmielowca w 1973 roku, „Trust” namówił S. Kossowską, by podjęła obowiązki redaktora. Zamieszczone dokumenty są szczegółowym sprawozdaniem z zabiegów o ratowanie „Wiadomości”.
El padre Feijoo y la República literaria
Authors: Bahr Fernando
Published: February 2024

Este artículo busca reconstruir en lo que consideramos sus tres momentos principales el ideal renacentista y moderno de una República literaria. Conforme a esos momentos, el trabajo se divide en tres secciones. La primera estará dedicada a la República literaria tal como la concibieron los humanistas del Renacimiento y la temprana Modernidad. La segunda, buscará comprender el peso que tuvieron los periódicos literarios en la transformación de aquella República. En la tercera, finalmente, trataremos de reconstruir la República literaria en la España de mediados del siglo XVIII, la España del Padre Feijoo, quien asume buena parte del pasado erudito europeo buscando recrearlo en la medida de lo posible conforme a las circunstancias locales
Feijoo, medicine, and skepticism
Authors: Laursen John Christian
Published: February 2024

Benito Feijoo (1676-1764) was one of the most important mediators to the public of the latest scientific and philosophical ideas in Spain in the eighteenth century. A self-conscious critic of all sorts of ideas and a member of the republic of letters, he also called himself a skeptic. At first, that meant allying himself with physician Martín Martínez, a famous critic of Aristotelianism in medicine who also called himself a skeptic. After supporting Martínez’s view of skepticism in medicine against his critics, Feijoo seems to have abandoned the term, perhaps because he learned more about what the term could mean and realized it could be understood in some quarters to undermine the Catholic church and support atheistic materialism. He explored what skepticism could mean in medicine in some detail, but avoided using it in philosophical and theological matter
La fuerza centrípeta de las ciencias en la obra de Feijoo
Authors: Menéndez Viso Armando
Published: February 2024

En estas líneas se quiere mostrar que la obra de Feijoo puede interpretarse en su conjunto como un proyecto político-científico. Para Feijoo, el escepticismo científico es la clave para la construcción de una comunidad ilustrada que, al dedicarse al verdadero conocimiento del mundo físico, no amenaza la religión católica ni el incipiente despliegue del Estado moderno. La ciencia (o filosofía natural) se presenta como el antídoto de las fuerzas centrífugas del error y la disgregación, en todas sus formas. Feijoo no tiene reparo en recibir y propagar las aportaciones de científicos protestantes y sí intención de generar una cultura científica que constituya un cimiento sólido para una sociedad bien organizada. Feijoo promueve la formación científica porque es útil para el progreso social, para la fundación de una comunidad propiamente católica, que incluya a todas las personas cultivadas, al margen de las incipientes unidades nacionales y de los distintos bandos confesionales.
Cost-Effective Acquisition of First-Party Data for Business Analytics
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Li Xiao-Bai
Published: February 2024

Customer data acquisition is an important task in data-driven business analytics. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the effective use of an organization’s internal customer data, also known as first-party data. This work studies the acquisition of new data for business analytics based on first-party data resource. We address issues related to both acquisition cost and data quality. To reduce acquisition cost, we consider using auction-based methods, such as the generalized second price (GSP) auction, for acquiring data with differential prices for different customers. We find that the GSP-based data acquisition method incurs a lower cost and/or achieves a higher response rate than fixed price methods. To maximize data quality, we propose novel optimization models for different data acquisition methods and data quality measures. The proposed models maximize the quality of the acquired data while satisfying budget constraints. We derive and discuss the solutions to the optimization models analytically and provide managerial insights from the solutions. The proposed approach is effective in increasing customer responses, reducing selection bias, and enabling more accurate estimation and prediction for business analytics. The results of the experimental evaluation demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach over existing data acquisition methods.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0037 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0037 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Exact Method for Production Hub Location
Authors: Wu Tao
Published: February 2024

This study proposes a production hub location (PHL) problem that integrates the classical multiplant lot-sizing and hub location problems. The PHL problem is to determine the location of production facilities, lot-sizing, inventory, hub location, and the distribution of multiple commodities from plants to customers, with an objective to minimize the total production, setup, inventory, hub operating, and transportation costs. The PHL problem applies to manufacturing companies that either have built a hub-and-spoke distribution network or are accessible to such a network through collaborations with other third-party logistics companies. Because the PHL problem is [Formula: see text]-hard, we propose an exact method that integrates dynamic programming and Benders decomposition (DPBD) for solving the problem. The DPBD method is enhanced by exploring several problem properties, such as a multicut reformulation, the generation of Pareto-optimal cuts, a two-stage hub elimination and restoration procedure, and the inclusion of a novel heuristic procedure. We compare the PHL model with several related models theoretically and computationally with newly created benchmark instances. The computational results indicate that the proposed model can reduce the total costs and facilitate better network designs and system decisions, highlighting the value of an integrated approach. We also provide managerial insights into the benefits of integration and show the efficiency of the DPBD method through an extensive number of computational tests.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design and Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete.

Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0339 .
Analysis of modular taper fractures of the revision hip stem Prevision and comparison of the original and current taper design
Authors: Dreyer Lutz , Bader Christian , Flörkemeier Thilo , Wagner Michael
Published: February 2024

Aims

The risk of mechanical failure of modular revision hip stems is frequently mentioned in the literature, but little is currently known about the actual clinical failure rates of this type of prosthesis. The current retrospective long-term analysis examines the distal and modular failure patterns of the Prevision hip stem from 18 years of clinical use. A design improvement of the modular taper was introduced in 2008, and the data could also be used to compare the original and the current design of the modular connection.

Methods

We performed an analysis of the Prevision modular hip stem using the manufacturer’s vigilance database and investigated different mechanical failure patterns of the hip stem from January 2004 to December 2022.

Results

Two mechanical failure patterns were identified: fractures in the area of the distal fluted profile (distal stem fracture) and failure of the modular taper (modular fracture). A failure rate of 0.07% was observed for distal stem fracture, and modular fracture rates of 1.74% for the original and 0.013% for the current taper design.

Conclusion

A low risk of mechanical failure for both fracture types was observed compared to other known complications in revision hip arthroplasty. In addition, the data show that a design change did significantly reduce the risk of a modular fracture.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(2):151–157.
Acetabular retroversion: functional or anatomical?
Authors: Jenkinson Mark R. J. , Cheung Tin C. C. , Witt Johan , Hutt Jonathan R. B.
Published: February 2024

Aims

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether acetabular retroversion (AR) represents a structural anatomical abnormality of the pelvis or is a functional phenomenon of pelvic positioning in the sagittal plane, and to what extent the changes that result from patient-specific functional position affect the extent of AR.

Methods

A comparative radiological study of 19 patients (38 hips) with AR were compared with a control group of 30 asymptomatic patients (60 hips). CT scans were corrected for rotation in the axial and coronal planes, and the sagittal plane was then aligned to the anterior pelvic plane. External rotation of the hemipelvis was assessed using the superior iliac wing and inferior iliac wing angles as well as quadrilateral plate angles, and correlated with cranial and central acetabular version. Sagittal anatomical parameters were also measured and correlated to version measurements. In 12 AR patients (24 hips), the axial measurements were repeated after matching sagittal pelvic rotation with standing and supine anteroposterior radiographs.

Results

Acetabular version was significantly lower and measurements of external rotation of the hemipelvis were significantly increased in the AR group compared to the control group. The AR group also had increased evidence of anterior projection of the iliac wing in the sagittal plane. The acetabular orientation angles were more retroverted in the supine compared to standing position, and the change in acetabular version correlated with the change in sagittal pelvic tilt. An anterior pelvic tilt of 1° correlated with 1.02° of increased cranial retroversion and 0.76° of increased central retroversion.

Conclusion

This study has demonstrated that patients with symptomatic AR have both an externally rotated hemipelvis and increased anterior projection of the iliac wing compared to a control group of asymptomatic patients. Functional sagittal pelvic positioning was also found to affect AR in symptomatic patients: the acetabulum was more retroverted in the supine position compared to standing position. Changes in acetabular version correlate with the change in sagittal pelvic tilt. These findings should be taken into account by surgeons when planning acetabular correction for AR with periacetabular osteotomy.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(2):128–135.
Metrics for Evaluating Interreplicate Variability of Irrigation Scheduling Sensors
Authors: Lo Tsz Him , Rix Jacob P. , Pringle H. C. , Rudnick Daran R. , Gholson Drew M. , Nakabuye Hope Njuki , Katimbo Abia
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Lower variability among replicates is associated with greater reliability for recommending irrigation timing.

Eight metrics were presented for variability comparisons independent of sensor types and calibration accuracy.

One neutron thermalization type tended to be less variable than six dielectric types in a comparison at 0.3 m depth.

One granular matrix type tended to be less variable than one dielectric type in a comparison across the top 1 m of soil.

Abstract. Much of the research on irrigation scheduling sensors, especially soil water sensors, assesses and refines the accuracy of sensor calibrations. However, a sensor with an accurate calibration but high variability among replicates may require a larger-than-acceptable number of replicates for informing recommendations of optimal irrigation timing. To compare the interreplicate variability of sensors across types and calibration accuracy levels, this study presented eight metrics: (1) absolute spread-to-change ratio, (2) shifted spread-to-change ratio, (3) coefficient of change variation, (4) standard deviation of relative value, (5) standard deviation of relative change, (6) standard deviation of absolute triggering date, (7) standard deviation of shifted triggering date, and (8) standard deviation of relative triggering date. These metrics enabled comparisons either by nondimensionalizing sensor measurements or by expressing interreplicate variability in terms of time. For demonstrating their usage and their particularities, the metrics were applied to two datasets that included soil water sensor types such as neutron probe (503DR), dielectric sensor (TDR-315, CS616, CS655, HydraProbe II, 5TE, TEROS 12, Drill & Drop), and granular matrix sensor (Watermark 200SS). The neutron probe in the single-depth dataset and the granular matrix sensor in the multi-depth dataset generally displayed less interreplicate variability than other evaluated sensor types over multiple drying cycles. Future research is suggested to calculate and improve the eight metrics for identifying combinations of sensor types, deployment methods, and data interpretation techniques that minimize interreplicate variability and maximize irrigation scheduling precision. Keywords: Assessment, Comparison, Index, Nondimensionalization, Precision, Reliability, Soil water, Standardization, Uncertainty, Variation.
Performance Evaluation of Jerusalem Artichoke Digging Tool in Cohesive Soil Using Discrete Element Method
Authors: Awuah Emmanuel , Zhou Jun , Aikins Kojo Atta , Antille Diogenes L. , Liang Zian , Gbenontin Bertrand Vigninou , Makange Nelson Richard
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Response surface methodology is suitable for DEM input parameter optimization.

Soil reaction forces reduced at velocity ratios greater than one (1.2-3.9).

Vibration reduced soil reaction forces at the target depth of 350 mm by 70%.

In general, soil reaction forces increase with speed but decrease with frequency.

Abrasive wear predominantly occurred at the tool’s cutting section.

Abstract. The discrete element method (DEM) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to determine the input parameters and combination of operational factors required for optimizing the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) harvesting tool in cohesive soil. The DEM soil model consisted of particles with different radii in three shapes calibrated using angle of repose and cone penetration data. Compared with data from a soil bin subsoiler evaluation, the DEM model showed acceptable relative errors for draught force (6.7%), vertical force (4.5%), and furrow width (9.3%). The effects of operational factors, including forward speed, vibration frequency, and amplitude, on response variables such as draught and vertical forces, drawbar power, and abrasive wear were analyzed for three harvesting shovels (S-shape, step-shape, and fork-shape). The ratio of vibratory speed to forward speed (velocity ratio, Vr) was used to analyze the combined effect of the factors. The operational factors significantly affected all the response variables (p<0.05). At Vr > 1 (1.2-3.9), soil reaction forces and drawbar power were considerably reduced. The optimal parameters for minimizing the response variables were 2.5 km h-1 forward speed, 14.5 Hz frequency, 30 mm amplitude, and S-shape shovel at Vr = 3.9. The minimum draught force, vertical force, drawbar power, and Archard wear depth were 4.64 kN, 0.41 kN, 2.64 kW, and 2.36 mm, respectively, at an operating depth of 350 mm. Operating in vibratory mode reduced draught force by 54% with the full width of the implement. Future work should include Jerusalem artichoke tubers in the simulation and experimental validation. Keywords: Abrasive wear, Clay, Numerical optimization, Soil reaction forces, Velocity ratio, Vibration.
Experimental Study on Two-Phase (Solid-Liquid) Flows of Ground Wheat Straw in Inclined Pipes
Authors: Javed Kashif , Kurian Vinoj , Kumar Amit
Published: February 2024

Highlights

Knife milled wheat straw-water slurry flow through inclined pipes at various inclinations is experimentally studied.

Slurry concentration and pipe inclination affect the onset velocity of drag reduction and the percentage of drag reduction.

The critical mass concentration of maximum drag reduction is a vital function of velocity and is independent of the pipe angle.

Downhill wheat straw slurry flows exhibit the most significant reduction in drag and the smallest onset velocities.

Wheat straw slurry flows moving uphill exhibit nonmonotonic variations in onset velocity and drag reduction.

Abstract. Long-distance pipeline hydro-transport of lignocellulosic biomass for industrial-scale biofuel production at levels comparable to conventional oil refineries presents an economically and logistically viable alternative to fossil fuels. There is very limited understanding on the behavior of the transportation of agricultural biomass slurries in an inclined pipeline. This research is focused on a laboratory-scale investigation of 6.4 mm nominal particle length (d50 = 4.85 mm) knife-milled wheat straw-water suspensions' uphill and downhill flows for a range of pipe inclination and saturated mass concentrations. The range of pipe inclination and saturated mass concentration was -7° to +21° and 5%-30%, respectively. The inclined test section was 29 m long with a 50 mm inside diameter of a closed pipeline loop. The accuracy of the measurements was verified by calibrating the inclined pipe section with fine sand (d50 = 0.103 mm)-aqueous slurries and comparing the results with established correlations. Most wheat straw-aqueous suspensions in the inclined flows showed the characteristics of the plug flow and the transition flow regions together for saturated mass concentration, Cm = 5%-30% and the entire flow range (0.5-4.7 m s-1), with a clear dependence of both the onset velocity of drag reduction (vOD) and drag reduction (%DR) on the pipe inclination as well as the slurry concentration and the critical concentration of maximum drag reduction (Cm)cr on a specific range of suspension velocity. Because of the accelerating effect of gravity, downhill slurry flows had the lowest vOD and the highest %DR at every Cm and pipe inclination with a maximum drag reduction of 25.53% at vm = 4.5 m s-1 and Cm = 25%. Uphill flows demonstrated some nonmonotonic changes in vOD and %DR, which need more experimental data for us to reach a firm conclusion. The research outcomes could help design and operate a long-distance integrated pipeline network for biomass transportation to produce biofuels on a large scale. Keywords: Biomass transport, Drag reduction, Flow regions, Frictional pressure drop, Pipe inclination, Wheat straw slurry.
Towards Autonomous, Optimal Water Sampling with Aerial and Surface Vehicles for Rapid Water Quality Assessment
Authors: Nguyen Anh , Ore John-Paul , Castro-Bolinaga Celso , Hall Steven G. , Young Sierra
Published: February 2024

Highlights

A practical workflow for optimizing sampling tours for a team of surface and aerial vehicles was developed.

Proposed workflow considers unique sensing capabilities of surface vehicles when assigning sampling locations.

Likely optimal tours can be found in less than 30 s for practical water quality sampling requirements.

Abstract. Most current marine aquaculture operations are located in coastal estuarine areas within one mile of the shoreline, and water quality in these production areas can quickly become unfavorable due to hydrodynamic processes and excessive runoff. The deployment of autonomous, robotic systems can improve the speed and spatiotemporal resolution of water sampling and sensing in mariculture production areas to assess water quality in the context of food safety. Specifically, teams of both aerial and surface vehicles can be deployed simultaneously to capitalize on the benefits of each system; however, a method to optimally design a feasible sampling tour for each robot is needed to maximize sample capacity and ensure efficient water sampling missions. This research brief presents the problem formulation and a solution method to determine optimal tours for a team of aquatic surface and aerial vehicles while considering different vehicle sampling capacities and endurance constraints. This method was implemented to design sampling missions of 15, 20, and 30 samples in both a 0.25 km2 and 3.9 km2 site, using sampling capacity and endurance constraints corresponding to real-world robots used for water sampling in mariculture environments. Results indicate that this optimization problem can be solved in near-real time in the field and yields feasible sampling tours for surface and aerial vehicles under different constraints. This work is a practical step towards developing teams of collaborative robots to persistently monitor adverse mariculture growing conditions so producers can implement data-driven, timely management strategies. Keywords: Mariculture, Robotics, Traveling salesperson problem, Vehicle routing.
Vocational Didactics: Mapping the Terrain in Swedish Upper Secondary Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Wyszynska Johansson Martina , Andersson Ingela
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The article focuses on the contribution of didactics and didactic theory as a distinct strand in research on vocational education and training (VET). Empirical research is reviewed to further explore what characterizes vocational didactics in the Swedish context of Upper Secondary VET. 
Approach: Semi-structured and flexible review methodology was used to identify didactic research and map its emergent features. An analytic framework was constructed for this purpose and used iteratively throughout the review process. The framework expresses the constitutive simultaneous interdependence of the relationships A-B-C. They refer to A) the ways of how the actors engage with the content as meaning and matter or relationship between the actors and the content, B) the relationship between the actors and the method through interaction with the content, and C) relationship between the methods embedded in work tasks and school assignments and how they underpin the content. A total of 26 sources was identified and thematized as school-based vocational didactics, collaborative vocational didactics, and work-based vocational didactics. 
Findings: Four distinct features of vocational didactics in Upper Secondary Vocational Education and Training (USVET) are outlined: 1) Diversification of the use of simulation as a method in school-based education pointing to vocational knowledge and skills 2) broadening of instruction (and reflection) as a method by inclusion of several parties (e.g., supervisors, workplace staff, instructors-practitioners), 3) work tasks as a method pointing to vocational knowledge and skills as content, 4) interaction between several parties using verbal and non-verbal means. Despite a growing interest in the importance of work tasks in their dual affordance of meaning and matter, few sources deal with students' learning processes in alignment with the logic of the production of goods and services. 
Conclusion: The analytic framework we have put forth strengthens the conceptual boundaries of vocational didactics from a point of view of profession-related learning objectives (content), actors, and methods involved. Applying the didactic theories to review empirical research on VET strengthens the integrity of vocational didactics as a particular field.
February 2024 Imaging Case of the Month: Connecting Some Unusual Dots
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ USA, Gotway Michael
Published: February 2024

No abstract available. Manuscript truncated after 150 words. Clinical History: A 37-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain, tongue and throat swelling, and intermittent shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion. She also notes some pain on swallowing. The patient’s past medical history was largely unremarkable. Her one prior surgery included cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, and she was not taking any prescription medications. The patient is a lifelong non-smoker, her only reported allergy due to medications containing sulfa, and she drinks alcohol only socially and denied illicit drug use. Laboratory: A complete blood count showed a normal white blood cell count at 9.7 x 109/L (normal, 3.4 – 9.6 x 109/L), with an elevated absolute neutrophil count of 8.18 x 109/L (normal, 1.4 – 6.6 x 109/L); the percent distribution of lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils was normal. Her hemoglobin and hematocrit values were 15 gm/dL (normal, 13.2 – 16.6 gm/dL) and 46% (normal, 34.9 – 44.5%). The platelet count was normal at 220 x …
Humanizing the Lived
Experiences of Muslim,
Immigrant-Origin, Women
Doctoral Students, and Black
Women Faculty: A Photovoice
Study
Authors: Stewart Saran , Elgoharry Yasmin , Elgoharry Ayaa
Published: February 2024

Using the frameworks of Critical Race Feminism (CRF) and Representational Intersectionality, we employ photovoice as a form of Participatory
Action Research (PAR) method to illustrate the lived experiences and voices
of Muslim, immigrant-origin, women doctoral students, and Black faculty in
predominantly and historically white institutions (PHWIs) within the United
States (U.S.). The findings illustrate how we make meaning of our academic
experiences, and challenge grand narratives that are rooted in anti-Blackness, anti-Muslim, anti-immigration, sexism, classism, racism, and other forms of
social oppressions in order to provide and develop humanizing approaches to
be seen and valued within higher education. This study expands on strategies
to support and empower graduate and faculty women of color in the Academy
as they navigate and find humanizing approaches to succeed in PHWIs.
Flexible manipulation terahertz beam based on an all-dielectric metasurface by utilizing addition and convolution algorithms
Authors: Li Jiu-Sheng , Xiong Ri-Hui , Guo Feng-Lei
Published: February 2024

The flexibly manipulated terahertz wave is currently a hot research
topic. To address this challenge, we proposed an all-dielectric coding
metasurface for shaping the terahertz wave including beam splitting,
beam deflection, vortex beam generators, and a vortex beam and
multi-beam splitting combination by combining addition with the
convolution theorem. This work represents what we believe to be a new
method of combining terahertz wave regulation with digital signal
processing and opens up the versatile design ideas of multifunctional
metadevices.
PA-NeRF, a neural radiance field model for 3D photoacoustic tomography reconstruction from limited Bscan data
Authors: Zou Yun , Lin Yixiao , Zhu Quing
Published: February 2024

We introduce a novel deep-learning-based photoacoustic tomography method called Photoacoustic Tomography Neural Radiance Field (PA-NeRF) for reconstructing 3D volumetric PAT images from limited 2D Bscan data. In conventional 3D volumetric imaging, a 3D reconstruction requires transducer element data obtained from all directions. Our model employs a NeRF-based PAT 3D reconstruction method, which learns the relationship between transducer element positions and the corresponding 3D imaging. Compared with convolution-based deep-learning models, such as Unet and TransUnet, PA-NeRF does not learn the interpolation process but rather gains insight from 3D photoacoustic imaging principles. Additionally, we introduce a forward loss that improves the reconstruction quality. Both simulation and phantom studies validate the performance of PA-NeRF. Further, we apply the PA-NeRF model to clinical examples to demonstrate its feasibility. To the best of our knowledge, PA-NeRF is the first method in photoacoustic tomography to successfully reconstruct a 3D volume from sparse Bscan data.
Deep ultraviolet AlGaN-multiple quantum wells with photoluminescence enhanced by topological corner state
Authors: Wang Bo , Hu Anqi , Liu Qiaoli , Wang Yanzhen , Zhang Shifeng , Ren Yanling , Li Shaobin , Xia Jiangteng , Guo Xia
Published: February 2024

The AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode (DUV LED) has advantages of environmentally friendly materials, tunable emission wavelength, and easy miniaturization. However, an increase in Al composition leads to a decline in the lattice quality, thereby reducing the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). In addition, the light extraction efficiency (LEE) is limited due to the strong transverse magnetization polarization emission from the multiple quantum wells. Here, we designed the topological corner structure in AlGaN-MQWs, and the high electric field intensity in a tiny space at the corner results in an extremely high local density of optical states (LDOS), which could shorten the luminescence decay time of the emitter and increase the radiative rate by 26 times. Meanwhile, because the excited topological corner state resonance mode is a transverse-electric mode, enhancing only the transverse-electric luminescence without any gain for transverse-magnetic luminescence, thereby significantly improving the light extraction efficiency. Finally, according to theoretical calculations, the IQE could reach 68.75% at room temperature.
Efficient method for modeling large-scale arrays of optical nanoresonators based on the coupling theory of quasinormal mode
Authors: Tao Qiyong , Su Yuhang , Tao Can , Zhong Ying , Liu Haitao
Published: February 2024

We propose an efficient method for calculating the electromagnetic field of a large-scale array of optical nanoresonators based on the coupling theory of quasinormal mode (QNM). In this method, two approaches of the scattered-field reconstruction and stationary-phase-principle calculated plane-wave expansion are developed to obtain the regularized QNM (RQNM) in different regions. This accurate and efficient calculation of RQNM resolves the far-field divergence issue of QNMs in the QNM-coupling theory, thus enabling a rapid computation of the electromagnetic field of a large-scale array of optical nanoresonators, which is a challenging task for full-wave numerical methods. Using this method, we consider the numerical example of the radiation problem of a single point source in a large-scale periodic array of optical nanoantennas. In comparison to full-wave numerical methods, this method significantly reduces the computation time by 1∼2 orders of magnitude while maintaining accuracy. The high computational efficiency and physical intuitiveness of the method enables to clarify the impact of array size (exceeding 50 × 50 wavelengths), period and field-coupling range (far beyond the tight-binding approximation) on the optical response. The proposed method and results can provide an efficient tool and guidance for the design of large-scale arrays of optical nanoresonators.