bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PESQUISAS SOBRE CURRÍCULOS, GÊNEROS E SEXUALIDADES
Authors: FERRARI ANDERSON , OLIVEIRA DANILO ARAUJO DE
Published: December 2018

A resenha pretende trazer para o leitor as pesquisas reunidas nesse livro que, de forma geral, problematizam diferentes currículos a partir de múltiplos enfoques, campos e olhares. Currículo escolar, do livro didático, dos blogs, dos filmes, de sites de relacionamentos, políticas de formação docente, literatura, música, se encontram aqui para nos fazer pensar modos diversos nos processos de subjetivação, nas normas de gênero e sexualidades que atravessam esses artefatos, mas, sobretudo, para evidenciar possibilidades de escape, ruptura e resistência. Pesquisas situadas na perspectiva teórica pós-crítica.
A “BATALHA DA DI DEUS” COMO PRÁTICA EDUCATIVA: UMA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE VOZES NÃO-IGUAIS
Authors: Teixeira Júnior José Carlos
Published: December 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal discutir algumas questões que tecem o entendimento da Batalha da Di Deus, uma batalha de rima realizada na Cidade de Deus, como uma prática educativa. Este entendimento justifica-se, basicamente, pelos argumentos de que a educação não está limitada aos muros da educação escolar e de que a prática musical apresenta-se como um posicionamento epistêmico fértil na emergência das complexas relações entre conhecimento, política e estética que tecem diferentes tempos-espaços educativos. Assim, sob uma perspectiva bakhtiniana de polifonia, buscaremos mostrar que a Batalha da Di Deus consiste em um movimento de interação entre vozes não-iguais, um movimento realizado no contraponto de importantes processos que tecem a cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
AS MARCAS DA AVALIAÇÃO NO PROCESSO DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DE UM ALUNO COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL
Authors: Mesquita Amélia Maria , SOBRAL RENATA ANDRADE
Published: December 2018

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar os processos avaliativos vividos por um aluno com deficiência intelectual durante seu processo de escolarização. Assim se propõe a responder a questão: Como se constituiu o processo avaliativo de um aluno com DI em diferentes paradigmas educativos durante sua trajetória de escolarização na educação básica? Desenvolvemos a pesquisa numa abordagem qualitativa, tendo como coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada aplicada ao aluno, bem como seus pareceres escolares. Como resultado identificamos que os processos avaliativos vivenciados nos diferentes modelos de escola, ainda que marcados por estratégias distintas, é um fator endógeno à escola que colabora para construção de uma relação marcada pela estigmatização do aluno com deficiência.
The use of an antimicrobial primary wound contact layer as liner and filler with NPWT
Authors: Jeffery Steven LA
Published: December 2018

In negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), wound fillers are used to ensure that the negative pressure is applied across the entire wound surface. At present, foam and gauze are the most commonly used fillers. Both ensure equal distribution of negative pressure, but foam is more absorbent, while gauze is more malleable and conformable. There is no strong clinical research evidence demonstrating the superiority of one type of wound filler over another. However, there are reports that foam can cause pain and trauma at dressing change as a result of ingrowth of tissue into its open pore structure. For this reason, when foam is used as a filler, a liner may also be applied as a wound contact layer. This supplement describes preliminary clinical evidence on the use of Cutimed Sorbact as an alternative to foam and gauze during NPWT. Seven cases in which it was successfully used on complex pre- and postoperative wounds are described
Catch a number
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: December 2018

Try these ideas for number games and activities including counting, estimating, ordering, and number recognition using props such as magnetic numbers, buttons, sorting pots, number cards and more.
Feeling rotten
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: December 2018

Decay makes a fascinating topic for investigation as children usually love anything a bit mouldy and rotten! Help them to focus on how matter changes over time and use vocabulary to describe it.
Books of beauty
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: December 2018

Making an outdoor scrapbook involves children creating a record of the outdoors and collecting photographs and objects that appeal to them. Great for revisiting to share memories and ideas.
‘It's the thought…’
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: December 2018

Get Christma on track…Kate Williams' suggests ways to establish a positive ethos around the giving and receiving of gifts, and addresses festive activities while downplaying the materialistic aspects.
Different composition of leucocytes in cortical and cancellous bone healing in a mouse model
Authors: Tätting L. , Sandberg O. , Bernhardsson M. , Ernerudh J. , Aspenberg† P.
Published: December 2018

Objectives

Cortical and cancellous bone healing processes appear to be histologically different. They also respond differently to anti-inflammatory agents. We investigated whether the leucocyte composition on days 3 and 5 after cortical and cancellous injuries to bone was different, and compared changes over time using day 3 as the baseline.

Methods

Ten-week-old male C56/Bl6J mice were randomized to either cancellous injury in the proximal tibia or cortical injury in the femoral diaphysis. Regenerating tissues were analyzed with flow cytometry at days 3 and 5, using panels with 15 antibodies for common macrophage and lymphocyte markers. The cellular response from day 3 to 5 was compared in order to identify differences in how cancellous and cortical bone healing develop.

Results

Between day 3 and 5, the granulocytes increased in the cancellous model, whereas the lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells) and monocytes (CD11b+, F4/80+, CD206+, CD14+) increased in the cortical model.

Conclusion

These results suggest an acute type of inflammation in cancellous bone healing, and a more chronic inflammation in cortical healing. This might explain, in part, why cancellous healing is faster and more resistant to anti-inflammatory drugs than are diaphyseal fractures. Cite this article: L. Tätting, O. Sandberg, M. Bernhardsson, J. Ernerudh, P. Aspenberg. Different composition of leucocytes in cortical and cancellous bone healing in a mouse model. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:620–628. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.712.BJR-2017-0366.R2.
Singing for health: Do members of a generic singing for health group experience similar effects on health and well-being as those in condition-specific groups?
Authors: Price Sonia , Whitfield Laura
Published: December 2018

Throughout time, and within differing cultures, music has been understood to have a beneficial impact on health. Group singing, in particular, may have specific benefits for health compared to alternative forms of music making and listening, and there exists a growing body of research examining the impact of singing on health. This mixed-methods study explored the benefits to health and well-being reported by people attending a generic singing for health group. A comparison of findings was made against existing data on the benefits reported by people attending condition-specific groups. Results indicated a similarity in reported benefits and a preference for a generic group, which may have implications for the future commissioning of singing for health groups.
Los demasiados versos. La edición de poesía en México. ¿Qué se edita?, ¿cómo se edita? y ¿para quién se edita?
Authors: Flores Malva
Published: December 2018

Con base en su experiencia como editora de poesía y como poeta misma, la autora aborda en este ensayo el panorama de la publicación de libros de poesía en México de manera general y a partir de una muestra específica de los libros publicados en 2017. Con el propósito de responder a las preguntas ¿qué se edita?, ¿cómo se edita? y ¿para quién se edita?, el ensayo sugiere un panorama crítico que incluye no sólo un recorrido por los principales sellos editoriales mexicanos, sino también por las numerosas casas editoras de poesía independiente. Asimismo, atiende ideas relacionadas con el propósito de los procesos creativos. ¿Para qué se escribe poesía y para qué se publica? son dos preguntas cuya respuesta implica la reflexión y revisión de la siempre cuestionada intervención del Estado en la cultura y el apoyo a sus creadores a través de distintos programas ‒tanto de becas como de edición de poesía‒. El papel del denostado canon aparece aquí como una sombra que supone un problema que se debe atender, así como el papel que hoy tienen los poetas mexicanos en la sociedad y su relación con los lectores.
La nostalgia del antipoeta: añoranza e ironía de Nicanor Parra
Authors: Cano Reyes Jesús
Published: December 2018

Si bien la antipoesía parece ubicarse a priori en el polo opuesto de la nostalgia –el humor cáustico, la iconoclasia y la rebeldía de una estética heterodoxa en perpetua combustión no se compadecerían con la tristeza melancólica–, hay en la obra de Nicanor Parra una larga serie de poemas de un marcado tono nostálgico. Algunos textos de Poemas y antipoemas (1954), y notablemente el libro Canciones rusas (1967), que habitualmente la crítica ha despachado con premura, dan cuenta de la existencia de una corriente nostálgica en la obra de Parra, no siempre bien subrayada a pesar de que estos peces que nadan a menor velocidad en el torrente vertiginoso de la antipoesía constituyen una parte esencial de su ecosistema. Si en su sentido etimológico, la nostalgia –neologismo acuñado por Johannes Hofer en el siglo XVII–, alude precisamente al dolor del regreso, este se manifiesta visiblemente en la obra de Parra en temas como la imposibilidad de recuperar el paraíso perdido de la infancia y el recuerdo de los amores de juventud, aunque de un modo u otro interviene siempre un matiz de ironía para atenuar la añoranza. ¿Qué significado cobra entonces la nostalgia en la poesía de Parra y qué papel juega la ironía en la configuración de su mirada retrospectiva?
La construcción de la memoria, desde la perspectiva de «tiempo roto», en tres novelas cortas mexicanas del siglo XX
Authors: Eudave Cecilia
Published: December 2018

Estamos ante un momento de revalorización de la novela corta por parte de la crítica, quien ha subrayado la eficacia de este modelo narrativo a la hora de abordar ciertos temas o tópicos. En el presente artículo nos centraremos en el manejo que en algunas novelas cortas se hace del llamado «tiempo roto», y cómo este pervierte o desconstruye la memoria. En las tres novelas mexicanas que vamos a analizar: Pedro Páramo de Juan Rulfo, El apando de José Revueltas y Las batallas en el desierto de José Emilio Pacheco, la brevedad se instala en un lugar ideal para pasar de un presente que oprime a los personajes a un pasado cargado de recuerdos posibles, o ilusorios, con el fin de restablecer una memoria no solo individual sino colectiva. Asimismo, las tres abarcan tiempos históricos claves en la construcción de un memorial mexicano a partir del ejercicio de la escritura.
Sedação e Analgesia Pediátrica: comentários acerca das drogas utilizadas em procedimentos no pronto‐socorro e os cuidados necessários antes, durante e após a sedoanalgesia
Authors: Machado Amanda De Queiroz Germano , Venâncio Ana Caroliny De Castro , Teles Francisca Priscila Sampaio Cruz , Pascoal Mondeyv De Freitas , Macêdo Jacquelinny Lopes de , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira
Published: December 2018

O principal objetivo da sedação em pediatria, está relacionado a necessidade de controlar o comportamento da criança ou adolescente, para que seja possível realizar um procedimento da forma mais segura possível. Especialmente em relação ao público infantil, cuja compreensão dos fatos é menor, a ansiedade e o medo podem causar dificuldade de se conseguir a colaboração do paciente. É importante que o local disponibilize de profissionais qualificados em sedoanalgesia pediátrica, como forma de evitar a dor imediata e possíveis traumas futuros no paciente.
La investigación desde la extensión. La experiencia de la Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda, Venezuela
Authors: Puerta Marín Regulo Antonio , Ojeda Valbuena Gina Benita , Álvarez Vera Edgar David
Published: December 2018

La extensión universitaria se concibe como una función integradora, relacionada con la capacidad que debe tener en cuanto a fusionar lo interno y lo externo de las universidades, corrientes, conceptos, enfoques, visiones e intereses divergentes entre sí, para lograr el desarrollo de las comunidades. Debe impulsar estrategias de gestión que permitan la vinculación con la docencia y la investigación. Este artículo plantea sistematizar la propuesta de participación de la extensión en el desarrollo de las líneas de investigación de la Universidad Nacional Francisco de Miranda, Venezuela, como una política académica administrativa. Se crearon cinco Grupos de Investigación desde Extensión que están dirigidos a los ámbitos social y económico, cultural, ambiental y político establecidos según las necesidades de las comunidades. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se pretende estimular una mayor participación de la comunidad universitaria en actividades extensionistas y demostrar la capacidad de planificar, crear y promover políticas universitarias.
Capacitaciones en huertos caseros, una alternativa de producción familiar para la etnia Saraguro al sur del Ecuador
Authors: Fierro Natacha , Jaramillo Luis , Jiménez Leticia
Published: December 2018

La presente investigación evaluó conocimientos y capacidades técnicas antes y después de un programa de formación sobre producción de huertos familiares, este fue dirigido por docentes y estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja como aporte a la seguridad alimentaria en Ecuador, provincia de Loja, cantón Saraguro. El currículo de capacitaciones consistió en la implementación y manejo de huertos familiares dirigido a 40 familias indígenas del Consejo de Sanadores Comunitario de Saraguro, que incluyen grupos de Mamas y Taitas Yachaks, como sobadores, yerbateros, parteras, visionarios y agricultores que emplean plantas medicinales y costumbres ancestrales. Se aplicó la metodología de Escuela de Campo. Los resultados fueron alentadores para los participantes, ya que se contribuyó a mejorar de manera sostenible la producción en sus huertos; visualizando el interés de los grupos en fortalecer sus capacidades productivas que permita disponer de materia prima para sus prácticas de medicina ancestral, autoconsumo y sustento familiar.
Elogio a las actividades de experimentación en educación matemática
Authors: Aubanell Anton , Font Jordi , Martínez Manel , Massich Francesc , Muria Sergi
Published: December 2018

En el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas, las actividades de experimentación tienen un papel fundamental, dado que, en un entorno basado en el aprendizaje compartido y mediante el uso de materiales manipulativos, permiten a los alumnos ir construyendo conocimiento matemático a la vez que, desde la práctica, se desarrollan las competencias matemáticas. A partir de ocho reflexiones mostramos la necesidad de potenciar, a nuestro modo de ver, el uso de este tipo de actividades en educación matemática.
Pocas cosas, muchas veces. Matemáticas en el CEIP San Isidoro
Authors: Díaz Fuentes Pedro Vicente
Published: December 2018

A continuación, les contaré el cambio metodológico que, tanto a nivel personal como comunitario, se está produciendo en nuestro colegio hacia una enseñanza de las matemáticas basada en la manipulación y cercana a las vivencias de nuestro alumnado y cómo, a través de la asignatura “Taller de matemáticas”, poco a poco, vamos introduciendo estos cambios dentro de la dinámica general del centro.
Experimental substantiation of osteotransplant application in traumatic vertebral defects
Authors: Rerikh V. V. , Predein Yu. A. , Zaidman A. M. , Lastevsky A. D. , V.A. Bataev V.A. Bataev V.A. Bataev , Nikulina A. A.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To analyze the features of bone tissue formation during plasty of vertebral body defect or fracture with an allogeneic bone graft in an experiment in vitro. Material and Methods. Models of the vertebral body defect (fracture of the cranioventral part with penetration into the nucleus pulposus) were created in an experiment on 20 mini-pigs of the same age. Plasty of traumatic defects was performed with allogeneic bone graft or autologous bone. CT, histological, and spectrometric studies of microscopic specimens were carried out at 14, 30, 90, and 180 day. Reparative osteogenesis, X-ray density, Ca and P content, and microhardness were studied. Results. After implantation of allogeneic bone graft, an organ-specific bone similar to the recipient’s bone in morphological structure, X-ray density, mineral composition and microhardness, was formed on the 90th day (P = 0.01). After transplantation of autobone, the regenerate formed by this day in the central part was in a phase of resorption and restructuring with lower indices of X-ray density, content of Ca and P, and microhardness (P = 0.01). Conclusion. Аfter plasty of vertebral body traumatic defects with allogeneic bone graft, the organ-specific bone tissue is formed at an earlier time and reliably exhibits greater mineralization and strength.
Injuries to the thoracolumbar junction: bibliometric analysis of English-language literature
Authors: Likhachev S. V. , Zaretskov V. V. , Shulga A. E. , Gramma S. A. , Shchanitsyn I. N. , Bazhanov S. P. , Zaretskov A. V. , Donnik A. M.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To analyze the 50 most cited articles related to the diagnosis, classification and surgical treatment of injuries of the thoracolumbar junction, which influenced the study of this problem. Material and Methods. The Web of Science database was searched for keywords to detect articles related to thoracolumbar junction surgery. Articles were selected taking into account the title, abstract and the used methods, and then evaluated by the total number of citations to identify the fifty most cited. Characteristics of publications were analyzed. Results. The United States of America, Thomas Jefferson University and A.R. Vaccaro were the most productive country, institution and author, respectively, dealing with the subject. The 2000s was the most active decade in terms of the number of publications. The greatest attention of scientists dealing with the problems of thoracolumbar injury was attracted by the article by McLain et al. analyzing the causes of the failures of short-segment transpedicular systems in the early postoperative period. The article by Laursen et al. presenting the results of using recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-7 in combination with metal fixation is at the top of the list in terms of average citation index. Most articles are well-designed randomized studies with the evidence level II. Conclusion. Citation analysis allowed to identify the most relevant articles, the authors of which have made a significant contribution to the problem of surgery of the thoracolumbar junction. Study of the information field through the prism of the most cited articles allows seeing the mainstream and future development of diagnostics, classification and treatment of the injuries of this localization.
Biomechanical aspects of spinal sagittal balance in achondroplasia patients during Ilizarov limb lengthening
Authors: Prudnikova O. G. , Aranovich A. M. , Mushtaeva Yu. A. , Gubin A. V.
Published: December 2018

To review specific features of spinal sagittal balance in achondroplasia patients at stages of lower limb lengthening using the Ilizarov method. Material and Methods. Cross-sectional clinical and radiological study was performed in 29 achondroplasia patients prior to lower limb lengthening and at lengthening stages using the Ilizarov method. Parameters of sagittal balance of the spine and pelvis were evaluated radiologically. Clinical evaluation included examination, and assessment of neurological status and pain level. Results. Clinical manifestations of sagittal imbalance included hypokyphosis of the thoracic spine in 44.8 % of cases and increased lumbar lordosis in 55.2 %. No neurological disorders were diagnosed in patients. Pain scores 2 to 4 were observed in 17.2 % ofcases. After staged lower limb lengthening by 19.8 ± 3.3 cm, it was revealed that the values of the thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and the angle of the sacrum tilt improved and approached those of healthy peers. Vertical sagittal alignment measurements correlated with those of thoracic kyphosis. Thoracic kyphosis showed a correlation with lumbar lordosis. Pelvic indices had a moderate correlation with lumbar lordosis. Conclusion. Biomechanically substantiated transosseous compression-distraction osteosynthesis by Ilizarov technique used for lower limb lengthening in achondroplasia patients improves spinal sagittal balance parameters.
Anti-inflammatory effect of a curcumin-aspirin derivative on Ureaplasma-induced cytokine expressions in neonatal monocytes
Authors: Jiang Yan , Heqin Li , Xiangping Yi , Hui Ye
Published: December 2018

One of the major contributors to death in infants is infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). The transition from early acute inflammation to fibrotic hyperplasia is important in the development of IRDS. However, there are no available and effective remedies for suppression of the early inflammation. In this study, the effect of a curcumin-aspirin (C-A) derivative on the expressions of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Î±, IL-1Î², toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and TLR2 was investigated in neonatal monocytes exposed to Ureaplasma parvum. The techniques used were qPCR and flow cytometry. The results revealed that C-A exerted anti-inflammatory effects on stimulated monocytes and significantly suppressed Ureaplasma-stimulated changes in IL-8, TNF-Î± and IL-1Î² levels. It did not produce any inflammation or apoptosis in the neonatal cells. Moreover, C-A enhanced IL-10 expression and suppressed the expressions of TLR2 and TLR4, indicating that curcumin-aspirin derivative might hold therapeutic potential for early IRDS.
Differential expression of 3Î²-HSD and mlncRNAs in response to abiotic stresses in Digitalis nervosa
Authors: Salimi Vahideh , Maroufi Asad , Majdi Mohammad
Published: December 2018

Digitalis nervosa is an important medicinal plant species belonging to the family of Scrophulariaceae that has the potential to be used for heart failure. 3Î²-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3Î²-HSD) is a key gene in the biosynthesis of cardenolides for making digitalis effective compounds, hence identification of this gene is important for genetic engineering purposes towards increasing the yield of cardiac glycosides. In addition, mRNA-like non-coding RNAs (mlncRNAs), a class of long non coding RNAs, play key roles in various biological processes and may affect cardenolides pathway in digitalis plants.  In the present work, full sequence of 3Î²-HSD was isolated from Digitalis nervosa. Gene expression patterns of 3Î²-HSD along with three mlncRNAs including mlncRNA23, mlncRNA28 and mlncRNA30 were studied and the results indicated that they are differentially expressed in different tissues including roots, stems and leaves, with the highest expression levels in leaves.  Moreover, the transcript levels of these genes affected by the cold and drought stresses. The results obtained from the present study is important in order to understand the potential role of mlncRNAs in digitalis plants, especially in response to abiotic stresses.
The effects of common yarrow (Achillea millefolium Linnaeus), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) and rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis Linnaeus) hydrosols on the some immunological and hematological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758)
Authors: Altinterim Basar , Danabas Durali , Aksu Onder
Published: December 2018

In this study, the effects of some plant hydrosols (distilled plant waters) based upon some hematological parameters and Nitroblue Tetrazolium (NBT) activities in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) infected with Yersinia ruckeri were investigated. In the trial, it was utilized totally 200 common carps with 54.3±6.7 g mean live weight and 15.7±1.8 cm mean total lenght. The 10% rate of the common yarrow (Achillea millefolium Linnaeus) hydrosol; 0.5% rate of the cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) hydrosol; and 5% rate of the rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis Linnaeus) hydrosol were applied to fish as a bath treatment. The erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte count (WBC), hematocrit value (HCT), haemoglobin amount (Hg), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and activities of NBT in the blood samples taken from the caudal vena of the control and experimental fish groups were analyzed in the 7th, 14th, and 21st days of the exposure treatment. At the end of the research, HCT, Hg, RBC, WBC, MCH and MCV values decreased in the C-2 Group (the control group contain pathogen) compared to the C-1 Group (the control group no contain pathogen), except MCHC value. The NBT activities in the C-1 Groups increased at the 14th day, but decreased quite a few at the 21st day. It has been consequently reached the conclusion that the bath treatments of the some plant hydrosols might be beneficial in increasing of antibacterial properties and in strengthening of defense mechanisms of common carp against Y. ruckeri pathogen.
CRISPR/Cas9; A robust technology for producing genetically engineered plants
Authors: Farooq Rimsha , Hussain Khadim , Nazir Shahid , Javed Muhammad Rizwan , Masood Nazish
Published: December 2018

CRISPR/Cas9 is a technology evolved from modified type II immune system of bacteria and archaea. Exploitation of this bacterial immune system in all eukaryotes including plants may lead to site-specific targeted genome engineering. Genome engineering is objectively utilized to express/silence a trait harbouring gene in the plant genome. In this review, different genetic engineering techniques including classical breeding, RNAi and genetic transformation and synthetic sequence-specific nucleases (zinc finger nucleases; ZFNs and transcription activator-like effector nuclease; TALENs) techniques have been described and compared with advanced genome editing technique CRISPR/Cas9, on the basis of their merits and drawbacks. This revolutionary genome engineering technology has edge over all other approaches because of its simplicity, stability, specificity of the target and multiple genes can be engineered at a time. CRISPR/Cas9 requires only Cas9 endonuclease and single guide RNA, which are directly delivered into plant cells via either vector-mediated stable transformation or transient delivery of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) and generate double-strand breaks (DSBs) at target site. These DSBs are further repaired by cell endogenous repairing pathways via HDR or NHEJ. The major advantage of CRISPR/Cas9 system is that engineered plants are considered Non-GM; can be achieved using in vitro expressed RNPs transient delivery. Different variants of Cas9 genes cloned in different plasmid vectors can be used to achieve different objectives of genome editing including double-stranded DNA break, single-stranded break, activate/repress the gene expression. Fusion of Cas9 with fluorescent protein can lead to visualize the expression of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The applications of this technology in plant genome editing to improve different plant traits are comprehensively described.
Inradius Estimates for Convex Domains in 2-Dimensional Alexandrov Spaces
Authors: Drach Kostiantyn
Published: December 2018

We obtain sharp lower bounds on the radii of inscribed balls for strictly convex isoperimetric domains lying in a 2-dimensional Alexandrov metric space of curvature bounded below. We also characterize the case when such bounds are attained.
Der Tempel von Muṣaṣir – ein „normaler“ susi-Tempel
Authors: Franke Sabina
Published: December 2018

A relief from the palace of Šarru-ukīn (Sargon) at Dūr-Šarrukīn/Ḫorsābād depicts the Ḫaldi temple in Muṣaṣir. Hitherto this representation has been interpreted as a special form of an Urartean temple not otherwise attested. However, the representation of the Ḫaldi temple in Muṣaṣir fits the pattern of Urartian susi-temples if we assume that the Assyrian artist intended to show the peculiarities of the foreign temple by pulling the sides forward and attaching them to the front in order to exhibit its outer decoration and roof.
Hittite -pat and imma as Focus Particles: Lexicalisation
Authors: Sideltsev Andrei V.
Published: December 2018

The paper deals with lexicalisation of focus particles -pat and imma in Hittite, i.e. the use of the particles as word building means of deriving different classes of indefinite pronouns. Whereas the particles are shown to lexicalize differently (imma is a marker of free choice indefinite pronouns and -pat occurs disproportionately often with demonstrative pronouns), there is an overlap of their lexicalisation in the free choice sphere.
Absorbing Aerosol Sensor on Gao-Fen 5B satellite
Authors: Shi Entao , Wang Yongmei , Jia Nan , Mao Jinghua , Lu Guanda , Liang Shaolin
Published: December 2018

The Absorbing Aerosol Sensor (AAS) will be launched aboard the GaoFen-5B satellite in China. The main purpose of AAS is to monitor absorbing aerosols by measuring the solar backscatter radiation. AAS is an ultraviolet-visible imaging spectrometer that uses a single charge coupled device to capture both the spectrum and the cross-track direction with a 114° wide swath. The large field of view enables daily global coverage with 4-km spatial resolution. The spectral range of the instrument extends from 340 to 550 nm with spectral resolution (full width at half maximum) of 2 nm. This paper provides details of the instrument design, including system design, optical design, and mechanical design, as well as detector and calibration unit on orbit. The numerous simulations show that all design results satisfy the specification and vibration requirements of the instrument.
Some Aspects of the Soil Physical Status of the Vine Plantations in the Context of Rural Development
Authors: Pető Judit , Hüvely Attila , Palkovics András , Vojnich Viktor
Published: December 2018

The rural development grants - among others - help to promote the competitiveness of the agricultural activities. Plantations take great interest in the southeastern part of Hungary. Farmers need to make soil tests before plantation of fruit and grape. We investigated the distribution of the main physical characteristics in this area. For the establishment of vineyards, the areas were adequate according to the pH, and salt content. The results of the soil tests show some strong relationships between the determined physical parameters.
Common-mode rejection in the measurement of wearable ECG with cooperative sensors
Authors: Rapin Michaël , Regamey Yves-Julien , Chételat Olivier
Published: December 2018

Recently, telemonitoring of vital signs has gained a lot of research interest. Especially for electrocardiogram (ECG), which is among the most frequently measured vital sign. However, the integration of classical ECG Holter in wearables is problematic since shielded cables and gel electrodes are required to get ECG signals of highest quality. We have recently introduced a novel sensing architecture based on active electrodes (so-called cooperative sensors) that significantly reduces the cabling complexity of the monitoring device. After briefly recalling the principle of cooperative sensors this paper details how they address rejection of common-mode voltage induced by electromagnetic disturbances. The proposed approach uses an auto-identification technique based on a continuous-time calibration of the sensor system and a digital control loop. To demonstrate the reliability of the proposed approach, a 12-lead ECG monitoring system was implemented with the new common-mode rejection method. Measurements on four healthy volunteers showed that the signal quality obtained with the cooperative-sensor system (using dry electrodes) is equivalent to the one measured with a gold standard medical device (using gel electrodes) in exercise stress tests.
Structural health monitoring of tissue mechanics for non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Cong , Hainsworth Brent , Sydney Maxwell , Lee Michael , Ormsby Zane , Haggers Marcus , Chase J. Geoffrey
Published: December 2018

A hysteresis loop analysis (HLA) method for breast cancer diagnosis based on a non-invasive digital imaging elasto-tomography (DIET) screening system is evaluated using data from 3 clinical trial patients, comprising 2 healthy breasts and 4 breasts with cancer. The identified mechanical nominal stiffness with ∼2x higher values compared to healthy tissue stiffness localized the correct cancerous area (CA) or tumor location, matching the mammography detection for all 4 breasts with cancer. The difference in identified stiffness varies across different frequencies and individuals. However, the identified stiffness for all healthy breasts and/or health tissue regions are consistent across frequencies, avoiding false positive diagnosis. The overall approach can be implemented automatically without requiring a skilled operator, thus reducing the screening cost.
Temperature-controlled laser therapy of the retina via robust adaptive H∞{\mathcal{H}_{\infty }}-control
Authors: Herzog Christian , Thomsen Ole , Schmarbeck Benedikt , Siebert Marlin , Brinkmann Ralf
Published: December 2018

Recent studies demonstrate therapeutic benefits in retinal laser therapy even for non-visible effects of the irradiation. However, in practice, ophthalmologists often rely on the visual inspection of irradiation sites to manually set the laser power for subsequent ones. Since absorption properties vary strongly between sites, this procedure can lead to under- or over-treatment. To achieve safe automatic retinal laser therapy, this article proposes a robust control scheme based on photoacoustic feedback of the retinal temperature increase. The control scheme is further extended to adapt to real-time parameter estimates and associated bounds on the uncertainty of each irradiation site. Both approaches are successfully validated in ex vivo experiments on pigs’ eyes, achieving consistent irradiation durations of 55 ms despite the uncertainty in absorption properties.
Application of Kalman filter for breathing effort reconstruction for OSAS patients in breathing therapy
Authors: Scheel Mathias , Berndt Andreas , Simanski Olaf
Published: December 2018

The CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the gold standard to treat the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). The CPAP-device generates a positive pressure to splint the upper respiratory tracts preventing an collapse of the tracts and the pharynx. It has been shown that many CPAP-devices cannot maintain the pressure set points adjusted by the medical staff, because the mask pressure is seriously influenced by the patient’s breathing. In this work a method is provided to estimate the breathing effort of the patient. Therefore a model of the breathing therapy system is introduced and the application of the Kalman filter is described. The estimated breathing effort could then be used in further control strategies to improve the control quality.
Outdoor cultivation of Ulva lactuca in a recently developed ring-shaped photobioreactor: effects of elevated CO2 concentration on growth and photosynthetic performance
Authors: Sebök Stefan , Herppich Werner B. , Hanelt Dieter
Published: December 2018

Land-based cultivation of marine macroalgae may open up the possibility to produce high quality algal biomass as required in various application areas all year round. In this context, the potential of a recently developed ring-shaped cultivation system with algae moving in a circular way, simulating the movement pattern in a standard tank cultivation vessel was evaluated using the green alga Ulva lactuca. Plants were cultivated under outdoor conditions at ambient (37 μmol CO2 kg−1 seawater) and increased CO2 concentration (152 μmol CO2 kg−1 seawater). Biomass growth and photosynthetic performance of algae were analyzed over a test period of 7 d. Elevated CO2 concentration significantly stimulated algal growth and also helped to compensate the effects of environmental stress conditions. This was indicated by the predominant stability of photosynthetic competence and represented by maximum photosynthetic electron transport rates, efficiency of light-harvesting and photon fluence rates (PFR) saturating photosynthetic electron transport at low PFR. At high PFR, no difference in photosynthetic competence was detected between algae cultivated at the high CO2-concentration and those grown at ambient CO2. Under elevated CO2 concentrations, photochemical energy dissipation decreased more distinctly at low PFR. This may reflect a declining energy demand necessary to maintain photosynthetic capacity. Under elevated CO2, the apparent changes in the quantum yields of regulated and unregulated non-photochemical energy dissipation of PS II at high PFR possibly reflected the enhanced capacity of photoprotection under the prevailing environmental conditions.
A highly efficient and multifunctional biomass supporting Ag, Ni, and Cu nanoparticles through wetness impregnation for environmental remediation
Authors: Khan Shahid Ali , Ismail Muhammad , Anwar Yasir , Farooq Aliya , Al Johny Bassam Oudh , Akhtar Kalsoom , Shah Zafar Ali , Nadeem Muhammad , Raza Mian Ahmad , Asiri Abdullah M. , Khan Sher Bahadar
Published: December 2018

Plant-based materials are reported to have a wide range of applications in the environmental and biomedical sectors. In this report, we present an economic and environmentally friendly supported turmeric powder (TP) biomass for the support of Ag, Ni and Cu nanoparticles (NPs) designated as Ag@TP, Ni@TP and Cu@TP. The in situ syntheses of the stated NPs were achieved in aqueous medium using NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The prepared NPs were applied for the degradation of o-nitrophenol (ONP), m-nitrophenol (MNP), p-nitrophenol (PNP), methyl orange (MO), Congo red (CR), rhodamine B (RB) and methylene blue (MB). Initially, Ag@TP, Ni@TP and Cu@TP were screened for the MO dye and antibacterial activity, where Ag@TP displayed the strongest catalytic activity for MO and bactericidal activities as compared to Ni@TP and Cu@TP. The quantity of metal ions adsorbed onto the TP was investigated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The Ag@TP, Ni@TP and Cu@TP were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis.
Shining light on plant hormones with genetically encoded biosensors
Authors: Martin-Arevalillo Raquel , Vernoux Teva
Published: December 2018

Signalling molecules are produced, degraded, modified and transported throughout the development of higher organisms. Understanding their mode of action implies understanding these dynamics in vivo and in real time. Genetically encoded biosensors are being more and more used as tools to ‘follow’ signalling molecules and their responses inside an organism. This is the case for plants, where important progresses have been made in the development of such biosensors. Here, we summarize the main genetically encoded biosensors built for plant hormones, constructed using diverse components and steps of their signalling pathways.
Curriculare Veränderung als langwierige und gemeinsame Herausforderung
Authors: Schütterle Holger , Hamano Hidemi
Published: December 2018

Der Beitrag beschreibt den Prozess der Umstellung eines Deutschprogramms an einer japanischen Universität auf ein konsequent aufgabenbasiertes Curriculum. Es werden die Erfahrungen, Probleme und Ergebnisse dieser Veränderungen aus der Sicht der beteiligten Lehrenden dargestellt. Im Anschluss an einen kurzen Überblick zur Situation des Deutschunterrichts in Japan werden zunächst die Gründe für die Entwicklung des neuen Programmes aufgezeigt sowie die theoretischen Überlegungen, die ihnen zugrunde lagen. Im Zentrum des Beitrags stehen die im Verlauf von vier Jahren zutage getretenen und zu bewältigenden Konflikte sowie das gemeinsame Ringen der Lehrenden um Lösungen. Die Darstellung schließt mit einem Blick auf bisher erreichte Ergebnisse.
Optimizing Software Modularity with Minimum Possible Variations
Authors: Prajapati Amarjeet , Chhabra Jitender Kumar
Published: December 2018

Poor design choices at the early stages of software development and unprincipled maintenance practices usually deteriorate software modularity and subsequently increase system complexity. In object-oriented software, improper distribution of classes among packages is a key factor, responsible for modularity degradation. Many optimization techniques to improve the software modularity have been proposed in the literature. The focus of these optimization techniques is to produce modularization solutions by optimizing different design quality criteria. Such modularization solutions are good from the different aspect of quality; however, they require huge modifications in the existing modular structure to realize the suggested solution. Thus these techniques are costly and time consuming if applied at early stages of software maintenance. This paper proposes a search-based optimization technique to improve the modularity of the software system with minimum possible variation between the existing and produced modularization solution. To this contribution, a penalized fitness function, namely, penalized modularization quality, is designed in terms of modularization quality and the Move or Join Effectiveness Measure metric. Furthermore, this fitness function is used in both single-objective genetic algorithm (SGA) and multi-objective genetic algorithm (MGA) to generate the modularization. The effectiveness of the proposed remodularization approach is evaluated over five open-source and three random generated software systems. The experimentation results show that the proposed approach is able to generate modularization solutions with improved quality along with lesser perturbation compared to their non-penalty counterpart and at the same time it performs better with the MGA compared to the SGA. The proposed approach can be very useful, especially when total remodularization is not feasible/desirable due to lack of time or high cost.
Hypothesis Testing in Non-Linear Models Exemplified by the Planar Coordinate Transformations
Authors: Lehmann R. , Lösler M.
Published: December 2018

In geodesy, hypothesis testing is applied to a wide area of applications e.g. outlier detection, deformation analysis or, more generally, model optimisation. Due to the possible far-reaching consequences of a decision, high statistical test power of such a hypothesis test is needed. The Neyman-Pearson lemma states that under strict assumptions the often-applied likelihood ratio test has highest statistical test power and may thus fulfill the requirement. The application, however, is made more difficult as most of the decision problems are non-linear and, thus, the probability density function of the parameters does not belong to the well-known set of statistical test distributions. Moreover, the statistical test power may change, if linear approximations of the likelihood ratio test are applied. The influence of the non-linearity on hypothesis testing is investigated and exemplified by the planar coordinate transformations. Whereas several mathematical equivalent expressions are conceivable to evaluate the rotation parameter of the transformation, the decisions and, thus, the probabilities of type 1 and 2 decision errors of the related hypothesis testing are unequal to each other. Based on Monte Carlo integration, the effective decision errors are estimated and used as a basis of valuation for linear and non-linear equivalents.
The changing mass of glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau, 2002–2016, using time-variable gravity from the GRACE satellite mission
Authors: Beveridge Alyson K. , Harig Christopher , Simons Frederik J.
Published: December 2018

The Tibetan Plateau is the largest region of high elevation in the world. The source of water for a number of important rivers, the Himalayan region is vital to the billions of inhabitants of the Asian continent. Over the last fifty years, the climate in the region has warmed more rapidly than anywhere else at the same latitude. Causes and effects, and the geographical details of these alarming warming trends are as yet not fully known. One way of assessing the effects of climate change in this area is to measure the change in glacier volume in the region, but estimates made on the basis of different techniques have not been conclusive to date, and remain difficult to reconcile. We examine the temporal behavior of the mass flux integrated over four distinct groupings of Tibetan glaciers using satellite gravimetry from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). We use a technique known as spatio-spectral localization using spherical Slepian functions to convert global spherical harmonic expansions of the time-dependent geopotential into monthly estimates of mass changes over the Tibetan Plateau. Subsequent reductions are aimed at interpreting this mass change as due to gains or losses in ice mass. We find that (ice) mass has been decreasing on the Tibetan Plateau between 2002 and 2016 but with significant spatial variability throughout the region. Specifically, in the regions of Himalaya, Pamir, Qilian, and Tien Shan, glaciers have been losing ice mass at a rate of −11±3, −1±2, +8±2, and −6±1 Gt/yr, respectively, over the last decade.
The effect of thyroid functions on osteopenia of prematurity in preterm infants
Authors: Çakır Ufuk , Tayman Cuneyt
Published: December 2018

Background

It is known that thyroid hormones have effects on bone development. In particular, the effect of thyroid hormones on osteopenia of prematurity (OOP) has not been examined in preterm infants. Our study aimed to examine the relationship between OOP and congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in preterm infants.

Methods

Very low birth weight infants (VLBW, <1500 g) were included in the study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were measured on postnatal day 5. Serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were studied as standard screening parameters for OOP at postnatal week 4. Patients with serum ALP level >700 IU/L were included in the OOP group. We intended to figure out the relationship between OOP and CH in infants.

Results

In our study, OOP frequency was 14.9% among 543 VLBW infants. There was no statistically significant difference between groups with and without CH (21.7% and 14.8%, respectively) in terms of OOP (p=0.632). Gestational age (GA) was significantly lower in infants with diagnosed OOP (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). In addition, the prevalence rates of mothers with preeclampsia, small for gestational age (SGA), respiratory support requirement, late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and full enteral feeding time were found to be higher in the OOP group (p<0.05).

Conclusions

We found that thyroid hormones had no effect on OOP in preterm infants. Therefore, future randomized controlled studies as well as long-term outcome studies are warranted on this topic.