bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carrier‐Free, Amorphous Verteporfin Nanodrug for Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Therapy and Brain Drug Delivery
Authors: Quinlan John A. , Inglut Collin T. , Srivastava Payal , Rahman Idrisa , Stabile Jillian , Gaitan Brandon , Arnau Del Valle Carla , Baumiller Kaylin , Gaur Anandita , Chiou Wen‐An , Karim Baktiar , Connolly Nina , Robey Robert W. , Woodworth Graeme F. , Gottesman Michael M. , Huang Huang‐Chiao
Published: March 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is hard to treat due to cellular invasion into functioning brain tissues, limited drug delivery, and evolved treatment resistance. Recurrence is nearly universal even after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves photosensitizer administration followed by light activation to generate reactive oxygen species at tumor sites, thereby killing cells or inducing biological changes. PDT can ablate unresectable GBM and sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. Verteporfin (VP) is a promising photosensitizer that relies on liposomal carriers for clinical use. While lipids increase VP's solubility, they also reduce intracellular photosensitizer accumulation. Here, a pure‐drug nanoformulation of VP, termed “NanoVP”, eliminating the need for lipids, excipients, or stabilizers is reported. NanoVP has a tunable size (65–150 nm) and 1500‐fold higher photosensitizer loading capacity than liposomal VP. NanoVP shows a 2‐fold increase in photosensitizer uptake and superior PDT efficacy in GBM cells compared to liposomal VP. In mouse models, NanoVP‐PDT improved tumor control and extended animal survival, outperforming liposomal VP and 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA). Moreover, low‐dose NanoVP‐PDT can safely open the blood‐brain barrier, increasing drug accumulation in rat brains by 5.5‐fold compared to 5‐ALA. NanoVP is a new photosensitizer formulation that has the potential to facilitate PDT for the treatment of GBM.
A Neutrophil Hijacking Nanoplatform Reprograming NETosis for Targeted Microglia Polarizing Mediated Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Yin Na , Wang Wenya , Pei Fei , Zhao Yuzhen , Liu Changhua , Guo Mingming , Zhang Kaixiang , Zhang Zhenzhong , Shi Jinjin , Zhang Yun , Wang Zhi‐Hao , Liu Junjie
Published: March 2024

Precise and efficient regulation of microglia is vital for ischemic stroke therapy and prognosis. The infiltration of neutrophils into the brain provides opportunities for regulatory drugs across the blood–brain barrier, while hindered by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and targeted delivery of intracerebral drugs to microglia. This study reports an efficient neutrophil hijacking nanoplatform (referred to as APTS) for targeted A151 (a telomerase repeat sequence) delivery to microglia without the generation of NETs. In the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model, the delivery efficiency to ischemic stroke tissues increases by fourfold. APTS dramatically reduces the formation of NETs by 2.2‐fold via reprogramming NETosis to apoptosis in neutrophils via a reactive oxygen species scavenging‐mediated citrullinated histone 3 inhibition pathway. Noteworthy, A151 within neutrophils is repackaged into apoptotic bodies following the death pattern reprogramming, which, when engulfed by microglia, polarizes microglia to an anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. After four times treatment, the cerebral infarction area in the APTS group decreases by 5.1‐fold. Thus, APTS provides a feasible, efficient, and practical drug delivery approach for reshaping the immune microenvironment and treating brain disorders in the central nervous system.
Soft Robots with Plant‐Inspired Gravitropism Based on Fluidic Liquid Metal
Authors: Chen Gangsheng , Ma Biao , Chen Yi , Chen Yanjie , Zhang Jin , Liu Hong
Published: March 2024

Plants can autonomously adjust their growth direction based on the gravitropic response to maximize energy acquisition, despite lacking nerves and muscles. Endowing soft robots with gravitropism may facilitate the development of self‐regulating systems free of electronics, but remains elusive. Herein, acceleration‐regulated soft actuators are described that can respond to the gravitational field by leveraging the unique fluidity of liquid metal in its self‐limiting oxide skin. The soft actuator is obtained by magnetic printing of the fluidic liquid metal heater circuit on a thermoresponsive liquid crystal elastomer. The Joule heat of the liquid metal circuit with gravity‐regulated resistance can be programmed by changing the actuator's pose to induce the flow of liquid metal. The actuator can autonomously adjust its bending degree by the dynamic interaction between its thermomechanical response and gravity. A gravity‐interactive soft gripper is also created with controllable grasping and releasing by rotating the actuator. Moreover, it is demonstrated that self‐regulated oscillation motion can be achieved by interfacing the actuator with a monostable tape spring, allowing the electronics‐free control of a bionic walker. This work paves the avenue for the development of liquid metal‐based reconfigurable electronics and electronics‐free soft robots that can perceive gravity or acceleration.
Charge Injection and Auger Recombination Modulation for Efficient and Stable Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ngai Kwan Ho , Sun Xinwen , Zou Xinhui , Fan Kezhou , Wei Qi , Li Mingjie , Li Shiang , Lu Xinhui , Meng Weiwei , Wu Bo , Zhou Guofu , Long Mingzhu , Xu Jianbin
Published: March 2024

The inefficient charge transport and large exciton binding energy of quasi‐2D perovskites pose challenges to the emission efficiency and roll‐off issues for perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) despite excellent stability compared to 3D counterparts. Herein, alkyldiammonium cations with different molecular sizes, namely 1,4‐butanediamine (BDA), 1,6‐hexanediamine (HDA) and 1,8‐octanediamine (ODA), are employed into quasi‐2D perovskites, to simultaneously modulate the injection efficiency and recombination dynamics. The size increase of the bulky cation leads to increased excitonic recombination and also larger Auger recombination rate. Besides, the larger size assists the formation of randomly distributed 2D perovskite nanoplates, which results in less efficient injection and deteriorates the electroluminescent performance. Moderate exciton binding energy, suppressed 2D phases and balanced carrier injection of HDA‐based PeLEDs contribute to a peak external quantum efficiency of 21.9%, among the highest in quasi‐2D perovskite based near‐infrared devices. Besides, the HDA‐PeLED shows an ultralong operational half‐lifetime T50 up to 479 h at 20 mA cm‒2, and sustains the initial performance after a record‐level 30 000 cycles of ON–OFF switching, attributed to the suppressed migration of iodide anions into adjacent layers and the electrochemical reaction in HDA‐PeLEDs. This work provides a potential direction of cation design for efficient and stable quasi‐2D‐PeLEDs.
Efficient Micrometer Thick Bifacial Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Rodkey Nathan , Zanoni Kassio P. S. , Piot Manuel , Dreessen Chris , Grote Roos , Carroy Perrine , Sebastian Alonso Javier Enrique , Paliwal Abhyuday , Muñoz Delfina , Bolink Henk J.
Published: March 2024

Perovskite solar cells have become promising candidates for thin‐film photovoltaics (PV), but many record cells suffer from losses in current (≈3–4 mA cm−2). This is due to the choice of superstrate configurations (i.e., glass‐side illumination) and thin absorber layers, typically on the order of ≈500 nm. Illumination through a top transparent conductive oxide electrode (substrate configuration) using LiF and Al2Ox as anti‐reflective coatings leads to reflectance losses below 1% is demonstrated. When combined with 1 µm thick absorber layers, substrate configurated bifacial devices have power conversion efficiencies >20%, with minimized reflection losses approaching 98% of their detailed‐balance limits and higher Jsc than their monofacial counterparts. Further analysis is conducted to show there is still a significant fraction of current lost due to poor charge‐carrier extraction (e.g., resistive or low mobility contacts). This is studied by a direct comparison of photoluminescence at short‐circuit versus open‐circuit estimating a 4.5% loss in charge‐carrier collection.
Multifunctional inverse opal microcarriers‐based cytokines delivery system with stem cell homing capability for osteoarthritis treatment
Authors: Sun Lingyu , Gan Jingjing , Cai Lijun , Bian Feika , Xu Wei , Zhao Yuanjin
Published: March 2024

Osteoarthritis has been regarded as a complex and serious degenerative disease. Attempts in this area are focused on improving the curative effect of stem cell‐based therapies. In this work, we present a novel inverse opal microcarriers‐based cytokines delivery system to induce autologous stem cell homing for osteoarthritis treatment. Considering their important role in stem cell recruitment and chondrogenic differentiation respectively, platelet‐derived growth factor BB (PDGF‐BB) and transforming growth factor β3 (TGF‐β3) are loaded into inverse opal microcarriers as model cytokines. Since cytokine release induces the corresponding variations in characteristic reflection spectra and structural colors, the inverse opal microcarriers possess the optical self‐reporting capacity to monitor the release process. In vitro cell experiments reveal that inverse opal microcarriers could successfully recruit the gathering of mesenchymal stem cells through the release of loaded cytokines. Based on these features, we have demonstrated the enhanced therapeutic effect of PDGF‐BB and TGF‐β3 loaded inverse opal microcarriers in the treatment of rat osteoarthritis models. These results indicate that the multifunctional inverse opal microcarriers‐based cytokines delivery system would find broad prospects in osteoarthritis treatment and other biomedical fields.
Toward decolonial community psychologies from Abya Yala
Authors: Ciófalo Nuria , Ortiz‐Torres Blanca
Published: March 2024

The epistemologies generated from colonized spaces such as Latin America and the Caribbean have been excluded from the dominant Euro‐ and US‐centric discourses of community psychology. Modern science is compartmentalized into disciplines forming silos and boundaries among them. Historically, psychology has been authored by European or North American White men, claiming superior expertise as detached researchers who study, analyze, interpret, and represent the inferior objects of study. Therefore, we should ask: what type of knowledges does psychology generate, with whom, and for what? Our praxis constitutes a political act which should question and challenge coloniality. In Latin America and the Caribbean, we became increasingly aware of the importance of generating knowledges about the communal (lo común) based on the experiences of Indigenous people in the Americas. Epistemologies from Abya Yala delink from the hegemonic, US‐Eurocentric paradigms and address the structural violence of the neoliberal system. To co‐create an inclusive and pluriversal discipline of psychology, we need to disrupt the linguistic colonization executed by the imposition of the English language legitimized as universal. We ought to convey the many examples of epistemologies and praxes from Abya Yala that contribute to the co‐construction of decolonial psychologies emerging from their own localities and cultures. We propose counterepistemologies that disrupt a monocultural, monolingustic, universal, and hegemonic epistemology. This paper reviews selected decolonial contributions from Abya Yala and sketches pathways toward the making of decolonial community psychologies anchored in pluriversal ecologies of knowledges.
Accuracy of rapid blood coagulation testing device FibCare® in a tertiary emergency department
Authors: Mihara Yutaka , Komoriya Kenta , Hagiwara Kei , Hatanaka Yasuhito , Shibahashi Keita , Hikone Mayu , Sugiyama Kazuhiro
Published: March 2024

Aim

FibCare® is a novel point‐of‐care testing device enabling prompt evaluation of fibrinogen levels. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of FibCare® at a tertiary emergency department.

Methods

Blood specimens obtained at a tertiary emergency medical center between October 1, 2021, and April 30, 2023, were evaluated. The correlation between the fibrinogen levels assessed via FibCare® and those via the Clauss method was evaluated using the Spearman's test. The discrepancy between the two measurement methods was assessed according to fibrinogen level and diagnosis.

Results

A total of 177 specimens from 147 patients were eligible for the analysis. The median age of the patients was 49 years, and 109 (61.6%) were men. The two measurements had statistically significant but moderate correlation (p < 0.001, ρ = 0.76). FibCare® missed 14 out of 35 cases from patients with hypofibrinogenemia (fibrinogen ≤150 mg/dL assessed by the Clauss method). The discrepancy between the two measurements was significantly greater in specimens with lower fibrinogen levels and those obtained from patients following trauma.

Conclusions

FibCare®, a novel point‐of‐care testing device, can be compatible with the Clauss method. However, clinicians should be aware of the risk that FibCare® may underestimate fibrinogen reduction, especially in severe cases and trauma cases.
Ultrasound‐guided femoral nerve block versus fascia iliaca compartment block for femoral fractures in emergency department: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rukerd Mohammad Rezaei Zadeh , Erfaniparsa Lida , Movahedi Mitra , Mirkamali Hanieh , Alizadeh Seyed Danial , Ilaghi Mehran , Sadeghifar Amirreza , Barazandehpoor Saeed , Hashemian Morteza , Pourzand Pouria , Mirafzal Amirhossein
Published: March 2024

Aim

Femoral fractures are one of the most debilitating injuries presenting to the emergency departments (EDs). The pain caused by these fractures is typically managed with opioids and adjunctive regional analgesia. These approaches are often associated with adverse side effects. Thus, appropriate alternative methods should be thoroughly investigated. To evaluate ultrasound‐guided femoral nerve block (FNB) with ultrasound‐guided fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) in femoral fractures, to determine which provides better analgesia and less opioid requirement.

Methods

This study was a randomized clinical trial performed on adult patients presenting to the ED within 3 h of isolated femoral fracture with initial numerical pain rating scale (NRS‐0) score of more than 5. The patients were randomized to receive FNB or FICB. The outcomes were block success rates, pain at 20 (NRS‐20) and 60 (NRS‐60) min after the end of the procedures, as well as the number and total dose of fentanyl administration during ED stay.

Results

Eighty‐seven patients were recruited (40 FNB and 47 FICB). Success rates were 82.5% in FNB and 83.0% in FICB group, with no significant difference between the groups. NRS‐20, NRS‐60, the number of patients who received supplemental fentanyl, and the total dose of administered fentanyl were significantly lower following FNB. However, the length of the procedure was significantly lower in the FICB group.

Conclusion

Both FNB and FICB are effective in pain reduction for fractures of femur, but FNB provides more pain relief and less need for supplemental fentanyl.
Inversion Symmetry Breaking in the Probability Density by Surface‐Bulk Hybridization in Topological Insulators
Authors: Castaño‐Yepes Jorge David , Muñoz Enrique
Published: March 2024

The probability density distribution is analyzed in a topological insulator (TI) slab of finite thickness, where the bulk and surface states are allowed to hybridize. By using an effective continuum Hamiltonian approach as a theoretical framework, the wave functions are analytically obtained for each state near the ‐point. The results reveal that, under particular combinations of the hybridized bulk and surface states, the spatial symmetry of the electronic probability density with respect to the center of the slab can be spontaneously broken. This symmetry breaking arises as a combination of the parity of the solutions, their spin projection, and the material constants.
Scattering of Bright Solitons Due to Defects in Binary Bose‐Einstein Condensates with Nonlinear Optical Lattices
Authors: Sekh Golam Ali
Published: March 2024

Spatially overlapped coupled matter‐wave bright solitons are considered in binary Bose‐Einstein condensates with nonlinear optical lattices(NOLs) and study the properties of scattering patterns due to a localized defect. It is shown that spatially overlapped solitons become separated and exhibit different scattering patterns with the variation of inter‐species interaction. The NOL interplays with the defect and tends to influence the scattering properties. However, the effect of NOL varies with strength of inter‐component interaction. It is found that, if this interaction is weak then the scattering center gets shifted outside the defect. However, for a stronger inter‐component interaction, the scattering takes place from the defect and leads to different scattering patterns.
Accessing Mg‐Ion Storage in V2PS10 via Combined Cationic‐Anionic Redox with Selective Bond Cleavage
Authors: Wright Matthew A. , Surta T. Wesley , Evans Jae A. , Lim Jungwoo , Jo Hongil , Hawkins Cara J. , Bahri Mounib , Daniels Luke M. , Chen Ruiyong , Zanella Marco , Chagas Luciana G. , Cookson James , Collier Paul , Cibin Giannantonio , Chadwick Alan V. , Dyer Matthew S. , Browning Nigel D. , Claridge John B. , Hardwick Laurence J. , Rosseinsky Matthew J.
Published: March 2024

Magnesium batteries attract interest as alternative energy‐storage devices because of elemental abundance and potential for high energy density. Development is limited by the absence of suitable cathodes, associated with poor diffusion kinetics resulting from strong interactions between Mg2+ and the host structure. V2PS10 is reported as a positive electrode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries. Cyclable capacity of 100 mAh g−1 is achieved with fast Mg2+ diffusion of 7.2
10−11–4
10−14 cm2 s−1. The fast insertion mechanism results from combined cationic redox on the V site and anionic redox on the (S2)2− site; enabled by reversible cleavage of S−S bonds, identified by X‐ray photoelectron and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. Detailed structural characterisation with maximum entropy method analysis, supported by density functional theory and projected density of states analysis, reveals that the sulphur species involved in anion redox are not connected to the transition metal centres, spatially separating the two redox processes. This facilitates fast and reversible Mg insertion in which the nature of the redox process depends on the cation insertion site, creating a synergy between the occupancy of specific Mg sites and the location of the electrons transferred.
Optimizing the series cascade control structure for nonminimum phase system regulation
Authors: Singhal Ashish Kumar , Yadav Manish , Yadav Vijay , Deshmukh Jyoti , Billore Manish , Mazumdar Hirak
Published: March 2024

This work elucidates the control of integrating a nonminimum phase system via a series cascade scheme with fractional‐order P.I. (Proportional–Integral) plus D (Derivative) controller. The traditional Internal Model Control (IMC) is adopted for inner loop controller design. The feedback D controller is synthesized with the outer loop process model, showing the proposed work's universality. The outer loop controller is suggested in the IMC framework after the accountability of fractional‐filter and inverse response compensator. This combination is revealed to enhance performance without compromising robustness. The Riemann sheet principle is explored to compute the stability of the suggested controller. The sensitivity analysis has asserted the robustness. More importantly, the optimal value of controller settings is achieved via the Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm. This TLBO algorithm uses an objective function that minimizes Integral Square Error. Two illustrative problems are utilized to examine the recommended control structure's virtue.
5G NR launching in Greece: Preliminary in situ and monitoring network measurements of electromagnetic fields exposure levels at rooftops
Authors: Christopoulou Maria I. , Kyritsi Theodora , Yalofas Agamemnon , Koutounidis Dimitris , Karabetsos Efthymios
Published: March 2024

In Greece, 5G New Radio (NR) has started launching in the end of 2020, at the 3400–3800 MHz (FR1) frequency band. Focusing on 117 Base Stations (BSs) which were already equipped with 5G NR antennas, in situ broadband and frequency selective measurements have been conducted at minimum three points of interest, at adjacent rooftops (when accessible). The points have been selected according to the sweeping method and the electric field strength (E) value has been stored on the selected worst‐case scenario point. Spectrum analysis was conducted in the FR1, for the allocated spectrum that corresponds to each mobile communication provider, in order to get preliminary results concerning the contribution of the 5G NR emissions in the general public exposure levels. The vast majority of the in situ measurements has been conducted in urban environments from the beginning of 2021 until the mid of 2022, since in Greece 5G NR services launching started from the big cities. Additionally, a 5G NR BS, installed in a suburban environment (in the city of Kalamata) is thoroughly investigated during its pilot and regular operation, based on broadband and frequency selective measurements data derived by the National Observatory of Electromagnetic Fields (NOEF) monitoring sensor network. In situ measurement data within the 5G NR frequency range are verified via the NOEF's output. The 5G NR contribution to the total E‐field levels is assessed in time, from pilot to regular operation of the BS. In all cases, compliance with the reference levels for general public exposure is affirmed.
Circular economy principles as a basis for a sustainability management theory: A systems thinking and moral imagination approach
Authors: De Angelis Roberta , Ianulardo Giancarlo
Published: March 2024

To enable corporations to bring about more responsible business practices, changes in the wider system within which businesses operate – including the mental models through which sustainability is understood in the management field – are necessary. Drawing on functioning principles in natural ecosystems – as embodied in circular economy thinking – this conceptual article proposes some constructs to inform the development of a sustainability management theory. We show that the potential for the circular economy to provide a sounder basis to sustainable management theory rests on its capacity to propose a socio‐eco‐systemic framework, which overcomes the separation between man and nature and is isomorphic to the conception proposed by the emerging complexity paradigm. Also, we show that, by imagining a new cognitive framework and evaluating the current linear model and the alternative circular model from a moral standpoint, the circular economy can be thought of as an exercise in moral imagination.
Adaptive learning framework for learning computational thinking using educational robotics
Authors: Jamal Nurul N. , Jawawi Dayang N. A. , Hassan Rohayanti , Mohamad Radziah , Halim Shahliza A. , Saadon Nor A. , Isa Mohd A. , Hamed Haza N. A.
Published: March 2024

Computational thinking (CT) has been promoted worldwide by educational systems and is an essential skill for technological citizens. Various strategies have been planned and developed to help in introducing, improving, and delivering CT. One of the strategies is by creating and developing the supporting tools for CT learning. In this article, educational robotics (ER) is chosen as the focus tool to support CT learning. Each CT and ER has a massive field of study. There are various available reports determining the suitability of CT subject integrated with ER for students' learning. However, all students do not develop similar style of learning and thinking. There is difference in their personal traits. There is a lack of research that designed CT learning through ER specifically based on student's preferences. Besides, it resulted in a challenge to determine the suitability of CT and ER for different kind of preferences. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an adaptive learning (AL) framework for students to deliver learning of CT through ER. The framework consists of three submodels: domain model, student model, and adaptation model. One case study is defined, which is learning the introductory level of CT through ER (CTER). At the end of the study, it can be observed that the AL framework produced positive results in performance and perception for various student categories. It was noted that students utilizing the AL framework had superior understanding of CTER. Individually or collaboratively, all students who applied or did not apply the AL framework in studying the CTER introduction had positive learning outcomes.
Guide catheter extension use are associated with higher procedural success in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Filho Evandro M. , Araujo Gustavo N. , Machado Guilherme P. , Padilla Lucio , de Paula João E. T. , Botelho Antonio C. , Campos Carlos M. , Quesada Franklin L. H. , Alcantara Marco , Santiago Ricardo , de los Santos Félix D. , Oliveira Marcos D. , Ribeiro Marcelo H. , Perez Luiz , Pinto Mauro E. , Côrtes Leandro A. , Piccaro Pedro , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Quadros Alexandre S.
Published: March 2024

Background

Guide catheter extensions (GCEs) increase support and facilitate equipment delivery, but aggressive instrumentation may be associated with a higher risk of complications.

Aim

Our aim was to assess the impact of GCEs on procedural success and complications in patients submitted to chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods

We analyzed data from the multicenter LATAM CTO Registry. Procedural success was defined as <30% residual stenosis and TIMI 3 distal flow. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was defined as the composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare outcomes with and without GCE use.

Results

From August 2010 to August 2021, 3049 patients were included. GCEs were used in 438 patients (14.5%). In unadjusted analysis, patients in the GCE group were older and had more comorbidities. The median J‐CTO score and its components were higher in the GCE group. After PSM, procedural success was higher with GCE use (87.7% vs. 80.5%, p = 0.007). The incidence of coronary perforation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–2.71, p = 0.230), bleeding (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 0.41–2.41, p = 0.986), in‐hospital death (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 0.54–3.62, p = 0.495) and MACCE (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.52–2.19, p = 0.850) were similar in both groups.

Conclusion

In a contemporary, multicenter cohort of patients undergoing CTO PCI, GCEs were used in older patients, with more comorbidities and complex anatomy. After PSM, GCE use was associated with higher procedural success, and similar incidence of adverse outcomes.
Withdrawn: Male‐to‐female and female‐to‐male transsexual siblings with pedophilic father: A case report
Authors: Sheikhmoonesi Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

Sheikhmoonesi, F. (2024) “Male‐to‐female and female‐to‐male transsexual siblings with pedophilic father: A case report” Clinical Case Reports, 12: e8580. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.8580

The above article, published online on March 5, 2024 in Wiley Online Library (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been withdrawn by agreement between the Journal's Editor‐in‐Chief, Dr Charles Young, and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The article came under investigation following reports by multiple third parties who expressed concerns about the patient consent described, as well as concerns about the methodology and the inclusion of potentially stigmatizing content. Significantly, the author included potentially identifiable information about the patients and family which was not fully appreciated during peer review. Upon request, the author provided copies of consent forms for two of the individuals described. An investigation by the publisher found that the consent forms did not conform to the Journal's nor Wiley's guidelines. Additionally, the author did not provide a consent form for one research subject whose private details were disclosed. In summary, through an investigation by the publisher, it was determined that patient consent had not been properly obtained and that anonymity had not been properly maintained in the published article, which would risk the identification of the patients and necessitated withdrawal. The author disagrees with the withdrawal.
Müllerian‐type carcinosarcoma arising in gastric endometriosis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Peerenboom Rayne , Wang Sabrina , Morgan Ryan , Sankary Seth , Yassan Lindsay , Kurnit Katherine , Posner Mitchell C.
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical Message

Although endometriosis is a common condition, both extrapelvic endometriosis and endometriosis associated malignancy (EAM) are rare. We describe the first reported case of a patient with Müllerian‐type carcinosarcoma arising in gastric endometriosis.
Blaues Wunder aus dem Salzfass
Authors: Emden Markus , Hild Pitt , Kallinna Kirsten , Murer Livia
Published: March 2024

Anliegen der in loser Folge erscheinenden Versuche ist es, Impulse für chemische Versuche zu geben, die gefahrlos zu Hause mit haushaltsüblichen Gegenständen durchgeführt werden können. Sie können damit als Quelle für das gemeinsame Ausprobieren mit Kindern dienen, z. B. in Kindergärten oder an Schulen sowie zur Verwendung bei Tagen der offenen Tür. Ein Stückweit sind sie zu verstehen als Antwort auf den oft gehörten Satz: „Ach, Du bist Chemiker/in? Dann mach doch mal eben ein Experiment.“
Comparative assessment of methane emissions from the manure of Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs and Commercial Pigs fed the same diet
Authors: Angel‐Hernandez Arturo , Torres‐Zúñiga Ixbalank , García‐Munguía Carlos Alberto , Costilla‐Salazar Rogelio , Cea‐Barcia Glenda Edith
Published: March 2024

Pig production contributes significantly to the high environmental footprint of the livestock sector. Therefore, in this framework, a transition toward more sustainable production is essential. Local natural livestock resources, such as Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs, provide a good opportunity to achieve sustainable pig production. In the present study, a first approximation to compare the carbon emissions of Mexican Creole Hairless Pig manure from Commercial Pig manure is presented. Under the same feeding and housing conditions, the specific methane emissions of both Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs and Commercial Pigs manure were determined experimentally at room temperature. In addition, specific methane production kinetics was modeled using the Gompertz equation to estimate the specific methane production rate. The methane emission factors for Mexican Creole Hairless Pig manure (0.33 ± 0.02 kg[CO2‐eq]/LU per day) were half those of Commercial Pig manure (0.7 ± 0.04 kg[CO2‐eq]/LU per day), and biochemical manure analysis suggested that Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs had better digestibility of the diet. In general, due to physiological factors such as food intake rate and gut microbiota development, which could influence the fat and fiber digestibility of Creole genotypes, pig genotype should be included as an additional factor to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from pig manure. The production of Mexican Creole Hairless Pigs in an extensive local system is therefore an attractive option for developing new sustainable markets.
Toward social media forensics through development of iOS analyzers for evidence collection and analysis
Authors: Hyder Muhammad Faraz , Arshad Saadia , Fatima Tasbiha
Published: March 2024

Social media usage in mobile phones has increased substantially in recent times, and they are a critically important source of a forensics investigation. In this paper, we have developed Python‐based forensic analyzers that are integrated with the open‐source tool Autopsy. The proposed analyzers find forensic artifacts from the three most widely used social media messaging applications, that is, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook Messenger. This research focuses on finding forensic artifacts stored by these social media applications on an iOS device. These analyzers extract data critical for a forensic investigation such as text messages, media attachments, sender and receiver details, timestamps, contact information, and other related forensics data from the full file system image of iOS devices. These Python‐based plugins extract the required data from the social media applications' databases and present the evidential artifacts in a human‐readable format. We integrated these analyzers into the Autopsy Forensics tool and showcased the gathered evidence so that investigators are capable to analyze the extracted information effortlessly. The data integrity is maintained by converting it into readable form without permanently altering the database format. The results prove that the proposed analyzers can successfully extract and analyze forensics data at a low computational overhead.
Effect of DBD Plasma Treatment on Activity of Mo‐Based Sulfur‐Resistant Methanation Catalyst
Authors: Jiao Hao , Wang Baowei , Zhang Yingjie
Published: March 2024

By combining the advantages of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) low temperature plasma and fluidized bed, the effect of plasma on the performance of supported Mo‐based catalyst was studied in this paper. The performance of the catalyst obtained by plasma treatment, calcined, plasma+calcined was compared, and the appropriate catalyst preparation scheme was explored. Comparing with the three catalysts, it was concluded that the catalyst average conversion after 30 W plasma treatment is 33.40 %, which was 8.94 % and 12.75 % higher than the other two, respectively. The structure and properties of the catalyst were characterized by N2‐Physisorption, H2‐chemisorption, XRD, TEM, XPS, Raman and NO‐pulse adsorption. Then, by analyzing the characterization results, it can be seen that plasma can make the catalyst have a higher specific surface area and a more dispersed active metal with smaller grain size. Through the surface species identification characterization, it was found that plasma can produce more defective structures and expose more active sites, which is the main reason for the difference in conversion.
Enantioseparation via Chiral Supramolecular Gels Comprising Ambidextrous Gelators Based on β‐Peptide‐type Primary Amines
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Obata Masato , Hirose Takuji
Published: March 2024

While β‐peptides have been paid attention due to their diverse secondary structures, their application to the design of low‐molecular‐weight gelators (LMWGs) is less explored. In this work, chiral cyclic β‐amino acid‐based β‐peptides were developed as ambidextrous LMWGs, wherein multiple hydrogen bonds between the amide moieties led to high gelation ability. Their molecular assembly was elucidated using spectroscopies, microscopy, and X‐ray analysis. Further, the supramolecular gel was used as a platform for the enantioselective extraction of (S)‐naproxen from its racemate under optimized conditions. These findings have expanded the utility of β‐peptides and shown the potential of supramolecular gels as a distinct dynamic medium for enantiomer separation.
Uranium Chemistry in liquid Ammonia: Compounds obtained by adventitious Presence of Moisture or Air
Authors: Graubner Tim , Woidy Patrick , Baer Sebastian A. , Karttunen Antti J. , Kraus Florian
Published: March 2024

UCl4, UBr4, UBr5, or UO2Cl2 reacted with excess liquid ammonia – in adventitious presence of moisture and/or air – and formed some peculiar uranium compounds of which we present the crystal structures. [(NH3)7(N3)U(μ‐O)U(NH3)8]Cl5 ⋅ 7NH3 contains a dinuclear μ‐O‐bridged uranium(IV) cation, [{(NH3)4UO2}2(μ‐O)]Cl2 ⋅ 4NH3 features a dinuclear μ‐O‐bridged uranyl(VI) cation, while the compounds [(U(VI)O2)2(U(V)O2)2(μ3‐O)2(NH3)12]Br2 ⋅ 6NH3 and [(U(VI)O2)4(U(V)O2)4(μ3‐O)4(NH3)22]Br4 ⋅ 16NH3 are mixed‐valent containing uranyl(V)‐uranyl(VI) units. For these tetra‐ and octanuclear complex cations we observed that the O atoms of the uranyl(V) units can be μ2‐ and even μ3‐bridging to uranyl(VI) units, while the O atoms of the latter are acting as terminal ligands only. [(NH3)8U(μ‐N)U(NH3)5(μ‐N)UO2(NH3)4]Br6 ⋅ 18NH3 presents the first example of a compound where the isoelectronic species UO22+ and UN2 formed a complex with the NUN unit bridging to the U atom of the uranyl(VI) cation. As it is can be difficult to distinguish between N and O atoms with X‐ray diffraction, quantum‐chemical calculations at the DFT‐PBE0/TZVP level of theory were carried out which unequivocally confirmed the atom assignments in the crystal structures. The chemical bonding in the complex cations was studied using intrinsic bonding orbitals and allowed for an additional discrimination of the U(V) and U(VI) atoms in the mixed‐valent compounds.
Exploitation of Mechanistic Product Selectivity for the Two‐Step Synthesis of Optically Active Bio‐Derived Cyclic Carbonates Incorporating Amino Acids
Authors: Jaraba Cabrera Diego , Álvarez‐Miguel Lucía , Hernando Rodríguez Adrián , Hamilton Alex , Mosquera Marta E. G. , Whiteoak Christopher J.
Published: March 2024

The synthesis of bio‐derived cyclic carbonates is attracting a lot of attention as the incorporation of bio‐derived functionality into these compounds provides the opportunity to prepare previously unknown structures, whilst also improving their sustainability profiles. This study presents a facile preparation of diastereomerically pure bio‐derived cyclic carbonates displaying a range of optical rotation values. These compounds are obtained from glycidol, amino acids and CO2 in a facile two‐step approach. Initially, the diastereomerically pure amino acid functionalised epoxides are prepared through a robust Steglich esterification of enantiopure glycidol (R or S) and an amino acid (D or L). Thereafter, in a second step, cycloaddition of the epoxide with CO2 results in the retention of the initial stereochemistry of the epoxide, furnishing novel diastereomerically pure and optically active cyclic carbonate products. A DFT study has explained the basis of this observed retention of configuration for these compounds. Further, results from this DFT study also provide new mechanistic information concerning a co‐catalyst‐free cycloaddition reaction starting from glycidol when using the gallium‐catalyst, which is found to operate through metal‐ligand cooperativity.
AutoML‐based predictive framework for predictive analysis in adsorption cooling and desalination systems
Authors: Krzywanski Jaroslaw , Sztekler Karol , Skrobek Dorian , Grabowska Karolina , Ashraf Waqar Muhammad , Sosnowski Marcin , Ishfaq Kashif , Nowak Wojciech , Mika Lukasz
Published: March 2024

Adsorption cooling and desalination systems have a distinct advantage over other systems that use low‐grade waste heat near ambient temperature. Since improving their performance, including reliability and failure prediction, is challenging, developing an efficient diagnostic system is of great practical significance. The paper introduces artificial intelligence (AI) and an automated machine learning approach (AutoML) in a real‐life application for a computational diagnostic system of existing adsorption cooling and desalination facilities. A total of 1769 simulated data points containing data indicating a failure status are applied to develop a comprehensive AI‐based Diagnostic (AID) system covering a wide range of 42 input parameters. The paper introduces a conditional monitoring system for adsorption cooling and desalination systems. The novelty of the presented study mainly consists of two aspects. First, the intelligent system predicts the health or failure states of various components in a complex three‐bed adsorption chiller installation using the extensive input data sets of 42 different operating parameters. The developed AID expert tool, based on selecting the best from 42 models generated by the DataRobot platform, was validated on the complex, existing three‐bed adsorption chiller. The AID system correctly identified healthy and failure states in various installation components. The developed expert system is very efficient (AUC = 0.988, RMSE = 0.20, LogLoss = 0.14) in predicting emergency states. The proposed method constitutes a quick and easy technique for failure prediction and represents a complementary tool compared to the other condition monitoring methods.
Fractional order modeling based optimal multistage constant current charging strategy for lithium iron phosphate batteries
Authors: Rao K. Dhananjay , Chappa Anilkumar , Chaitanya SVNSK , Hemachander A. , Teja B. Phani , Dawn Subhojit , Prasad Miska , Ustun Taha Selim
Published: March 2024

The primary power source for electric vehicles (EVs) is batteries. Due to the superior characteristics like higher energy density, power density, and life cycle of the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery is most frequently chosen among the various types of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The main issues that users encounter are the time required to charge an EV battery and the safety of the EV battery during the charging period. The fast‐charging means, charging a battery with high currents which may lead to a rise in the temperature of a battery. The abrupt rise in battery temperature may cause changes in the internal chemical structures of the battery, reducing battery life even further. In this regard, an optimal charging profile design is of utmost importance in order to satisfy dual objectives simultaneously such as less charging time and improvement in life of the battery. To overcome the conflict between charging speed and rise in temperature an optimal multistage constant current (MSCC) based charging strategy has been investigated under different operating conditions. In addition, the proposed charging profiles have been studied using experimentation.
The effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb‐12 and sensorial and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt
Authors: Vanaki Elmira , Kamkar Abolfazl , Noori Negin , Azizian Asghar , Mohammadkhan Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

The effect of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa root (ALE) on the survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 and Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb‐12 probiotic bacteria and sensory and physicochemical properties of synbiotic yogurt was evaluated during 4 weeks storage at 4°C. According to this study, using 0.5% and 1% ALE significantly affected the survival of La‐5 and Bb‐12 during storage. The results showed that 1% of ALE counting of La‐5 and Bb‐12 has been reached from 6.96 and 8.14 Log CFU/g to 7.3 and 7.30 Log CFU/g after 28 days of storage. Moreover, adding 1% ALE to yogurt enhanced antioxidant activity and phenolic content to 1299.8 mg gallic acid/kg and 392.8 mg BHT eq./kg compared with the control (without extract) after storage, respectively. In general, in yogurt containing ALE, a decrease in Syneresis, undesirable changes in taste, texture, and appearance, and reduced overall acceptances were observed compared to the control. In conclusion, using this prebiotic compound (ALE) can improve nutritional properties and probiotic protection in yogurt during long time storage; thus, it is a good choice for application in the dairy industry.
Postoperative inpatient surgical complications following head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer
Authors: Abdulbaki Hasan , Ha Patrick K. , Knott Philip D. , Park Andrea M. , Seth Rahul , Heaton Chase M. , Wai Katherine C.
Published: March 2024

Background

Complications following head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) are common. Less is known about when they occur.

Method

Retrospective study of patients with primary or recurrent head and neck cancer undergoing MFTT reconstruction at a tertiary care institution. MFTT reconstructions with inpatient postoperative complications were included. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare median postoperative day (POD) onset of complication by flap type.

Results

Of 1090 patients undergoing MFTT reconstruction, 126 (11.6%) patients experienced inpatient complications including fibula (n = 35), anterolateral thigh (n = 60), or radial forearm (n = 31) MFTTs. POD onset was shortest for surgical site hematoma (median = 1 [IQR 1–5]), and longest for donor site infection (median = 11.5 [IQR 8–15]). There was no significant difference between flap types and POD onset of complications (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Hematoma formation and flap failure occur earliest during hospitalization, while dehiscence, infection, and fistula occur later. There is no difference in complication timing between flap types.
How do infectious diseases affect high‐performance athletes? Norovirus during the Lima 2019 Pan American Games
Authors: Contreras‐Pulache Hans , Carpio‐Quintana Víctor , Pineda‐Vidangos Vanessa , Mello Loayza Gianmarco , Moya‐Salazar Jeel
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims

The incidence of infectious diseases among athletes during international competitions is a concern for public health. In this study, we aim to report six cases of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis among athletes in Lima 2019 Pan American Games, a multisport event held in Peru.

Results

During the Lima 2019 event, there were no reported outbreaks or cases of most frequent diseases, however, six cases (0.09%) of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis were reported. The clinical stage of the cases was self‐limited to 2 days, and the main treatment was fluid replacement. Of the six affected athletes, five came from the United States and one from Chile. Only one karate athlete from the United States, could not continue with the competition due to the illness.

Conclusions

The incidence of norovirus‐associated gastroenteritis among athletes in Lima 2019 was low, and the clinical course of the illness was self‐limited. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of athletes who presented with gastroenteritis using the Panam Sport In previous sporting events, such as the 2017 World Athletics Championships in London, Injury and Illness Surveillance System. These findings can inform the development of public health strategies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases among athletes during international competitions.