bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pessoas com deficiência, acessibilidade e tecnologia: entre possibilidades e desafios para a inclusão
Authors: Fracaro Beatriz , Berberi Marco Antonio Lima
Published: October 2022

Com a internalização da Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência no Brasil, com hierarquia constitucional, e posterior à edição do Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência, a questão da acessibilidade tornou-se objeto de maior atenção, mormente pela estreita relação que guarda com o processo de inclusão social desse grupo de pessoas. Partindo da premissa de que a acessibilidade é condição imprescindível para que pessoas com deficiência usufruam de seus direitos e realizem seus projetos de vida de forma plena, com dignidade e em igualdade de condições com as demais pessoas, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar de que forma a tecnologia, em especial os recursos da tecnologia assistiva disponíveis, pode auxiliar na superação de barreiras, enquanto o desenho universal ainda não estiver plenamente empreendido. Desenvolvida através do método dedutivo e procedimento bibliográfico, a pesquisa permitiu concluir que, no Brasil, embora existam inúmeros recursos tecnológicos voltados à garantia da acessibilidade, em diversos níveis, pessoas com deficiência ainda são privadas, paradoxalmente, do acesso a esses instrumentos, por diversos fatores socioeconômicos. Contudo, diante do potencial da tecnologia no processo inclusivo, que avança rumo ao desenho universal, desenvolvendo possibilidades para uma acessibilidade ubíqua, reforça-se a importância em insistir para que cada vez mais pessoas tenham acesso a ela, assim como se ressalta a imprescindibilidade de esforços mútuos entre a sociedade e o Estado, no sentido de superar todos os fatores que impedem a plena inclusão das pessoas com deficiência na vida social.
Justiça restaurativa em prisões
Authors: Rolim Marcos Flávio
Published: October 2022

Com base nas evidências internacionais disponíveis, o artigo discute as possibilidades de utilização da justiça restaurativa em prisões para encontros entre condenados e vítimas. O tema é especialmente relevante no Brasil diante do atual cenário de carência de programas de tratamento penal e da ausência de uma política pública mais ampla que estimule a desistência do crime. O artigo sintetiza as conclusões de estudos de revisão e agrega dados sobre três programas desenvolvidos em prisões estadunidenses e inglesas (Victim Offender Education Group, Bridges to Life e Sycamore Tree).
E-LKPD DAN LITERASI LINGKUNGAN PADA PENDIDIKAN ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Suni Amtonis Jesiyanti
Published: October 2022

The development of the revolution to enter the industrial revolution 4.0 is marked by combining technology that is identical with limitations where almost all life has been converted from manual to digital so that this revolution has collaboration on education. To face the industrial revolution 4.0 education, every student needs to have knowledge, critical thinking skills and literacy skills (digital, information, media) and master ICT (technology, information and communication) and create new creative and innovative opportunities. This study aims to describe the educational process of the industrial revolution 4.0, environmental literacy and the need for E-LKPD. The method used is literature review or library research. The results of the literature review show that industrial revolution 4.0 education is one of the learning media needs is environmental literacy E-LKPD.
Monitoring the effect of TNF-alpha inhibitors on laboratory parameters and adverse effects in different diseases: a retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Madani Abdulaziz N. , Al-Saif Fahad M. , Alzamil Lama R. , Almazroua Aljohara M. , Alfurayh Nuha A. , Aldokhayel Sara D. , Almuhaideb Qais A. , Alballa Nouf S. , Daham Nujud A. , Alkharashi Abdulrahman A.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:

The introduction of biological treatments has revolutionized the management of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Multiple clinical trials have established the efficacy of biological agents in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Nevertheless, there are no clear indications for optimal monitoring intervals during treatment.

OBJECTIVES:

Collect and analyze laboratory evaluation data from patients receiving biological therapy to provide a better understanding of the need for laboratory investigations before and during treatment with biological agents, and to analyze adverse events and other factors.

DESIGN:

Retrospective cohort

SETTINGS:

Tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Data were collected from the electronic medical records of patients attending the dermatology, rheumatology, and gastroenterology clinics from June 2014 to June 2019. The laboratory parameters of patients who have received one of the TNF-alpha inhibitors (adalimumab, etanercept, or infliximab) were collected starting at baseline and up to at least one year from treatment initiation.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

The time points at which patients developed significantly abnormal laboratory results during treatment with one of the TNF-alpha inhibitors.

SAMPLE SIZE:

250 patients

RESULTS:

Most patients were treated with adalimumab (38.4%); a similar proportion (38%) with infliximab, whereas only 23.6% were treated with etanercept. The majority of the significant abnormal laboratory results occurred at baseline, 3–6 and 9–12 months. Most abnormalities were among patients using infliximab, followed by etanercept, and then adalimumab. The median number of laboratory abnormalities for dermatology patients was significantly lower than that for gastroenterology patients (
P
<.001), and for rheumatology patients (
P
=.002).

CONCLUSIONS:

Because dermatology patients showed a lower median number of laboratory abnormalities than patients treated by other specialties in our study, we believe that dermatology patients require less frequent laboratory monitoring. Therefore, we recommend laboratory evaluation at baseline, after 3–6 months, 1 year from the beginning of treatment, and annually thereafter for patients using TNF-alpha inhibitor agents. However, more frequent testing might be warranted according to patient comorbidities, concomitant medications, and physician judgment.

LIMITATIONS:

Single center and retrospective design.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Diagnostic value of strain elastography and shear wave elastography in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions
Authors: Shahzad Rafia , Fatima Ismat , Anjum Tooba , Shahid Abubaker
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:

Conventional B-mode breast ultrasonography, though the primary modality to determine benign or malignant nature of a solid breast lesion, sometimes encounters overlapping sonographic morphological features in a single lesion. Elastography leads to improvement by evaluating the structural aspects and characterization of the lesion as benign or malignant on the basis of multi-parametric assessment.

OBJECTIVE:

Determine the role of strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions.

DESIGN:

Cross sectional

SETTING:

Radiology department of hospital

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Patients meeting inclusion criteria referred to our hospital for ultrasonography followed by biopsy or surgical excisions were examined with B-mode ultrasonography and by both strain and shear wave elastography.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Mean values of SE and SWE in benign and malignant breast lesions, determination of cutoff using AUC curves and sensitivity and specificity of both techniques.

SAMPLE SIZE:

One hundred breast lesions from 95 consecutive patients.

RESULTS:

The mean (SD) strain elastography ratio in the overall patient population was 4.1 (2.0). Cutoff for benign vs. malignant lesions was 2.86 on the ROC curve. The AUC was 0.911 (95%CI; 0.835-0.988: SE, 0.039) with a sensitivity of 95.8% and a specificity of 89.3%. For the SWE kPa values, the ROC curve showed the AUC was 0.929 (95% CI, 0.870-0.988; SE: 0.030,
P
<.001). Assigning 45.3 as a cut off value provided a sensitivity of 95.8% with a specificity of 85.7%; the positive predictive value was 94.5% and the negative predictive value was 89.6%. The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category alone was able to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity 100% keeping the cut off value between 4a and 4b. The area under the ROC curve was 0.979. Combining the three (BI-RADS + SE + SWE) distinguished benign vs. malignant lesions with a sensitivity up to 100% and specificity up to 96.3%.

CONCLUSION:

Combining SE and SWE as a complementary tool with conventional B-mode ultrasonography has a significant potential for better characterization of solid breast lesions and decreasing unnecessary biopsies of BI-RADS IVa lesions.

LIMITATIONS:

Single institution study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
Cabergoline: an effective treatment for conception in prolactinoma
Authors: Safdar Zahra , Afzal Omair , Nafees Rabia , Choudhary Nabeel
Published: October 2022

Background and objective: Prolactinoma is an uncommon cause of amenorrhea and subfertility in females. When diagnosed, symptoms resolve with medical treatment in 90% of the cases. Conception and uneventful pregnancy, however, remain a big challenge in these patients. The objective of this study was to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of Cabergoline for conception in female patients with prolactinoma. The duration for restoration of menstruation, spontaneous conception, and outcomes of pregnancy were recorded over a period of 1 year in relation to prolactin level estimation.
Methods: This prospective study was carried over a period of 2 years from December, 2019 to December, 2021. A total of 696 female patients of reproductive age, diagnosed with prolactinomas, were included and randomly divided into 2 groups; A (Cabergoline) and B (Bromocriptine), and were given standard doses of both drugs. The duration for restoration of menstruation, spontaneous conception, and outcomes of pregnancy were recorded over a period of 1 year in relation to the serum prolactin level estimations.
Results: Most of the females were 25-30 years of age and most of them (98.2%) presented with amenorrhea. Restoration of menstruation was found to be earlier in group A, i.e., 3.6 months, as compared to group B, i.e., 5.8 months. Spontaneous conception within 6 months was observed in 42.6% of the patients of group A as compared to group B (26.8%). The rate of miscarriage was comparable in both groups. The live birth rate in the Cabergoline and Bromocriptine groups was 84% and 73.4%, respectively (p = 0.02). Mode of delivery was Caesarean section in both groups in all participants. Serum prolactin levels were significantly reduced in the Cabergoline group as compared to the Bromocriptine group (p = 0.035).
Conclusion: Cabergoline is an effective drug for spontaneous conception within 6 months of successful restoration of menstruation in female patients with prolactinomas. Live birth rate is also higher in the Cabergoline group as compared to the Bromocriptine group. 
Insulin-like growth factor-I signaling plays a pivotal role in the development of oral premalignant lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aslam Sidra , Ghafoor Sarah
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of the metabolic system that is diagnosed by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. Diabetic patients are frequently prone to developing oral health complications, such as being at a higher risk for developing oral precancerous conditions like lichen planus, leukoplakia, and erythroplakia. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a peptide hormone with a structure similar to insulin and belongs to the family of growth factors that play a vital role in the development of embryonic, postembryonic, and normal physiological functions of the human body. IGF-I, through autophosphorylation of its receptor, activates the mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway that leads to the expression of IGF-I hormone. In oral premalignant conditions, like lichen planus, submucous fibrosis, leukoplakia, and erythroplakia, the levels of the IGF-I hormone are increased. Subsequently, IGF-I can be used as a marker for early detection of malignancy in oral premalignant lesions.
Challenges in conducting online assessments in undergraduate medical and dental education: a scoping review
Authors: Bukhari Gul Mehar Javaid , Saleem Javeria , Bukhari Syed Abdullah Javaid , Ishaq Muhammad , Butt Muhammad Salman
Published: October 2022

Online assessment in medical education is relatively new and there is a paucity of literature available on this topic. The objective of this scoping review was to conduct a systematic search of the published literature on the challenges of conducting online assessments in undergraduate medical and dental curricula. The literature was searched in the recommended electronic databases. The search terms used were “online assessments, e-assessments, computer-assisted assessments, online assessment challenges and opportunities, online assessments in medical education, reliability and validity of online assessments, and online assessments during COVID-19 pandemic” in PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, and Ovid. After screening, 21 full-text articles were included in this scoping review. The data were charted independently and synthesized to present the findings.
Most of the studies included in this review were published in the year 2020 and 2021(till September). Half of the studies (50%) reported that cheating and plagiarism are the most common challenges in online assessments, while a similar number of studies highlighted the issues faced by the teachers in making and conducting online assessments. Similarly, 22% of the studies emphasized the concerns raised by the students, while another 22% reported the technical and financial issues faced by the institutions in conducting online assessments. It was revealed that during COVID-19 the biggest challenge for the educational system was to switch to online assessments, as the educational system was not ready for it. Few studies (16%) reported that the issues of reliability and validity of online assessments are still to uncover.
This scoping review may help to lay the foundation for more empirical future studies on the challenges of conducting online assessments in the undergraduate medical and dental curricula in Pakistan.
Tackling disease burden through primary care
Authors: Javaid Hina , Khan Abdul Jalil
Published: October 2022

Lack of appropriate knowledge and awareness among the providers and community about the risk factors and essential life style changes is the leading cause of increasing morbidity and hospital admissions due to non-communicable diseases in our country. The foundations of a patient-centred healthcare system in Pakistan needs to be laid down as a priority. Strengthening of capacity building of the primary healthcare teams across all provinces and building an early primary care physician contact must be ensured at all levels.  
Tafasitamab (Minjuvi)
Authors: CADTH
Published: October 2022

CADTH recommends that Minjuvi, in combination with lenalidomide, not be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified, including DLBCL arising from low grade lymphoma, who are not eligible for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT).

The clinical evidence reviewed by CADTH was not strong enough to show whether treatment with Minjuvi in combination with lenalidomide benefits patients with R/R DLBCL. It is not known if Minjuvi in combination with lenalidomide would lead to better outcomes for patients compared to currently available treatments.

Patients identified a need for treatments that prolong survival and remission, control disease symptoms, improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and have fewer side effects compared to current therapies. It is not clear whether Minjuvi in combination with lenalidomide meets these needs.
The underappreciated impact of emission source profiles on the simulation of PM2.5 components: New evidence from sensitivity analysis
Authors: Luo Zhongwei , Han Yan , Hua Kun , Zhang Yufen , Wu Jianhui , Bi Xiaohui , Dai Qili , Liu Baoshuang , Chen Yang , Long Xin , Feng Yinchang
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The chemical transport model (CTM) is an essential tool for air quality prediction and management, widely used in air pollution control and health risk assessment. However, the current models do not perform very well in simulating PM2.5 components. Studies suggested that the uncertainties of model chemical mechanism, source emission inventory and meteorological field can cause inaccurate simulation results. Still, the emission source profile of PM2.5 has not been fully taken into account in current numerical simulation. This study aims to answer (1) Whether the variation of source profile adopted in chemical transport models (CTMs) has an impact on the simulation of PM2.5 chemical components? (2) How much does it impact? (3) How does the impact work? Based on the characteristics and variation rules of chemical components in typical PM2.5 sources, different simulation scenarios were designed and the sensitivity of components simulation results to PM2.5 sources profile was explored. Our findings showed that the influence of source profile changes on simulated PM2.5 concentration was insignificant, but its impact on PM2.5 components could not be ignored. The variations of simulated components ranged from 8 % to 167 % under selected different source profiles, and simulation results of some components were sensitive to the adopted PM2.5 source profile in CTMs. These influences are connected to the chemical mechanisms of the model since the variation of species allocations in emission sources directly affected the thermodynamic equilibrium system. We also found that the perturbation of the PM2.5 source profile caused the variation of simulated gaseous pollutants, which indirectly indicated that the perturbation of the source profile affected the simulation of secondary PM2.5 components. Given the vital role of air quality simulation in environment management and health risk assessment, the representativeness and timeliness of source profile should be considered.
PARAMETRIC MODELLING OF THE GEOLOGICAL CROSS SECTION FOR SHIELD TUNNEL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Li L. , Chen K. , Yu J. , Wang J. , Luo H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Geological information is indispensable for the design and construction of underground structures, especially for large-diameter shield tunnels. The geological cross-section is expected to be accurately and efficiently modelled to provide sufficient geological information for decision-making. However, the existing methods are usually time-consuming, and the calculation results cannot be intuitively understood by engineers. To meet this demand, this study attempts to develop a parametric modelling approach for the geological cross-section of tunnelling construction. The proposed approach consisted of four steps. In the first step, the borehole records from the geological investigation are converted into the DataFrame format. Then, each point is assigned a soil type label and soil property parameter to form a data framework. In the third step, the cross-section is generated in mesh type and divided into two parts. Finally, the mesh models are rendered to visualize the stratum sequence and soil property distribution. The proposed approach is applied to Lianghu tunnelling construction in Wuhan, China, for verification. The results show that the 11 geological cross-sections with ground water surfaces can be automatically modelled within 25 seconds, including stratum sequence identification and ground pressure calculation. The calculation results could be successively used in the tunnel structural analysis. Therefore, the proposed approach potentially promotes a data-driven technology for underground engineering construction.
VALIDATION OF PARAMETRIC OPENDRIVE ROAD SPACE MODELS
Authors: Schwab B. , Kolbe T. H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The standard OpenDRIVE is widely used for exchanging road space models in order to simulate the traffic of a city or individual driving situations. For modeling continuous road courses at lane level, OpenDRIVE utilizes its own parametric geometry model. However, violations of continuity requirements due to geometric leaps or kinks can cause the vehicle dynamics simulation to fail when testing vehicle components. But also defective lane predecessor and successor relations can result in an OpenDRIVE dataset not being usable as a reference map for vehicle navigation. Since these geometric, topological, and semantic constraints go beyond the rules encoded in the schema, this article presents a framework and a first implementation for validating OpenDRIVE datasets. As the lane widths are defined parametrically relative to the reference line of the respective road, lane connectivities at road transitions are evaluated using explicit geometries derived from the parametric geometry representations. Moreover, a derived CityGML representation enables a visual inspection of the parametric models to identify unexpected but visible defects. The implemented framework is applied to examine a total of 99 OpenDRIVE datasets, where significant lane gaps were detected in the explicit representation for about 20% of the datasets.
BUILDING DIGITAL TWINS FOR SMART CITIES: A CASE STUDY IN GREECE
Authors: Evangelou T. , Gkeli M. , Potsiou C.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The recent emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT), the latest technological innovations and the widespread use and embrace of Building Information Models (BIMs) offer several new ideas and decision-making capabilities throughout the life cycle of the built environment. The ability to connect and monitor data from sensor networks remotely in real time as well as the simulation and optimization of engineering systems, have led to the emergence of the Digital Twin (DT) concept of the structured environment. Although BIM lacks semantic completeness in areas beyond the scope of building modelling such as control systems, cadastral systems, networking of sensors, meteorological networks, etc., the DTs aim to achieve the synchronization of big data from various sources and simulate the real world into a virtual platform for the seamless management and control of the construction process, facility management, environmental monitoring, disaster management and disaster prevention, and other life cycle processes within the built environment. DTs in the built environment are still in nascent stages and thus a more in-depth investigation is required to explore and establish the best practices and technologies to serve this evolution. In this paper, we propose a methodology for providing the DT of a building; by crossing from the BIM static world to the dynamic cyber-world of DTs. A practical application is implemented for a two-storey ‘smart’ building with sensor systems installed in its assets and in the surrounding landscape area. As the practical experiment is successfully completed, we conclude that such an endeavour can actually be achieved at building level offering several economic, environmental and social benefits.
INTEGRATING MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENTS IN 3D CITY MODELS FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF TERRITORIES
Authors: Gautier C. , Delanoy J. , Gesquière G.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Digital 3D representations of urban areas, through their growing availability, are a helpful tool to better understand a territory. However, they lack contextual information about, for example, the history or functionality of buildings. On another side, multimedia documents like images, videos or texts usually contain such information. Crossing these two types of data can therefore help in the analysis and understanding of the organization of our cities. This could also be used to develop document search based on spatial navigation, instead of the classical textual query. In this paper, we propose four approaches to integrate multimedia documents in a 3D urban scene, allowing to contextualize the scene with any type of media. We combine these integration approaches with user guidance modes that allows to guide the user through the consumption of these media and support its understanding of the territory. We demonstrate the usefulness of these techniques in the context of different projects within the Lyon area (France). The use of multimedia documents integrated into a digital tour allows, for example, the iconic buildings to be contextualised or to understand the evolution of a territory through time.
GEOMETRIC FEATURES INTERPRETATION OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC POINT CLOUD FROM UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE
Authors: Harshit H. , Kushwaha S. K. P. , Jain K.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Recent days point clouds have become one of the most common 3D sources of information which is provides accurate geometry features of the object. 3D point clouds can be derived from either photogrammetry, Lidar or SAR in some cases depending upon the application. These point clouds consisting of 3D geospatial location of an object in form of XYZ coordinates which can be used in various ways to deduct information related to that object either based on visualisation or geometrical interpretation. Quality assessment standards for these point clouds are still very much in nascent stage with optimum accuracy in relative terms only. In this paper, multiple scale of point cloud has been used to understand the level of information these clouds consist on these multiple scales. Based on the 3D spatial information of these point cloud in local neighbourhood, some of invariant geometric properties can be computed for each 3D point with respective covariance matrix. These can be used to describe the local 3D structure using eigenvalues for these matrices. Using these Geometric features an approach is developed to understand the point cloud quality assessment. The proposed methodology exploits these special geometric properties to evaluate the 3D scene structure. Further, the point cloud is classified using shape detection algorithm which evaluates the geometric features to detect the mathematical shapes in the point cloud. This paper also enlightens on different geometric features that can be extracted from a point cloud and the importance of it.
MANAGING URBAN DIGITAL TWINS WITH AN EXTENDED CATALOG SERVICE
Authors: Knezevic M. , Donaubauer A. , Moshrefzadeh M. , Kolbe T. H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. A city is a complex system and involves many stakeholders with different interests and information about the physical city objects. Information integration from distributed sources is therefore a common challenge in many Smart City projects, as well as in projects for setting up Urban Digital Twins (UDT). In the context of distributed data infrastructures, catalog systems provide a significant contribution to solving the data integration challenge. However, neither existing catalogs for managing urban data nor catalogs used in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) are tailored for managing UDTs. In response to this gap, our research focuses on the development of an extended catalog service including a metadata model specifically designed to manage distributed UDTs. The requirements for the metadata model and the functionality of the catalog were obtained from several smart city projects. As a proof of concept, the paper shows how the catalog implemented on the basis of the CKAN software package is used for managing the UDT of an urban redevelopment project in the city of Munich, Germany.
THE INTEGRATION OF CELLULAR AUTOMATA AND WHAT IF? FOR SCENARIO PLANNING: FUTURE RESIDENTIAL EXPANSION IN THE CITY OF IPSWICH
Authors: Lu Y. , Laffan S. , Pettit C.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The ever-increasing volumes of available data for urban planning and management have led to the development of a range of planning support systems (PSS) for the design of more flexible and people-oriented cities. In the time of rapid urbanization, there has also been a continued focus on land use change models to simulate its complex dynamics. However, the integration of land use change models with planning support systems has received comparatively little attention, despite its potential to provide a more comprehensive understanding of urban futures over spatial and temporal scales. Considering this, a Cellular Automata (CA) land use change model has been coupled with the What If? PSS in this research. Using the City of Ipswich as the study case, its land use regulations and interaction with surroundings are analysed with multi-source data such as population variation and infrastructure distribution. Land suitability evaluation and demand projections have been modelled using What If? with detailed processes of residential expansion under different scenarios. Two scenarios with different planning strategies are analysed for their future development. The results indicate that continued growth of current residential areas would be the most reasonable strategy for the study area in the following years. By using scenario planning approach, the proposed CA – What If model can be used as a practical tool to analyse the future development of cities. Such data-driven models and tools enable urban planners and policymakers to explore future growth scenarios in the era of big data and global urbanization.
A THEORETICAL PATH COMPUTATION MODEL FOR RECTANGULAR RIGID-BODIES ENTERING AN ENTRANCE
Authors: Ma B. , Yan J.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Path planning is to calculate a path for users from the departure location to the destination by considering some conditions, such as travel distance, time, or safety. Although users are generally rigid-bodies with certain dimensions (e.g., cars, wheelchair), they are abstracted as a 0D point in current path planning. Such practice can simplify and accelerate path planning in environments where the spaces are large enough to ignore the users’ dimensions. However, in many cases, the dimension of a user for path planning cannot be ignored, especially in some spaces where safety is critical, such as garage entrances. To help rigid-bodies safely enter into entrances, this paper presents a theoretical path computation model, in which users are rectangular rigid-bodies (RRB). This theoretical model can help the RRB-like users (e.g., robots, unmanned vehicles) to determine if an entrance is passable and further how to enter an entrance safely.
EVALUATION OF TIME LOSS DUE TO UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF RAILWAY PASSENGERS GETTING ON AND OFF
Authors: Osaragi T. , Miyashita H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The behavior of train passengers when selecting a carriage was modeled using five explanatory variables. Using passenger numbers estimated by measuring the total weight of passengers using air suspension pressure gauges, the model parameters were estimated, and the accuracy of the model was validated. From the estimated parameters, we analyzed the ability of the explanatory variables to account for passenger behavior depending on the direction of travel and the time of day. Finally, we estimated the spatiotemporal distribution of passengers on each platform using this model, and discussed the time lost due to the non-uniform distribution of passengers when boarding and alighting from the train.
COLOURING AUSTRALIA: A PARTICIPATORY OPEN DATA PLATFORM
Authors: Roper J. , Hudson P. , Petersen H. , Pettit C. , Russell T. , Ng M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Colouring Australia is a digital platform for collecting and visualising building level information across several Australian cities. It provides a valuable resource for bringing together data on building age, material, sustainability ratings, walkability and other key metrics as we plan for net zero cities. Colouring Australia comprises part of the international Colouring Cities Research Programme, which supports the development of open-source platforms that provide open data on national building stocks. In this paper we outline the technical architecture of the platform, and the development and visualisation of a building level walkability metric based on pedestrian access to destinations. This platform provides a useful digital tool for planners to understand which parts of the city are walkable and in turn this can support future active transport programs and policies. Future research will be to validate this novel walkability index through a series of stakeholder and public workshops using the Colouring Australia platform in an interactive tabletop environment where usability testing can be undertaken.
DIGITAL TWIN SOLUTION IMPLEMENTED ON ENERGY HUB TO FOSTER SUSTAINABLE SMART ENERGY CITY, CASE STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE SMART ENERGY HUB
Authors: Dulaimi A. , Hamida R. , Naser M. , Mawed M.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The scarcity of energy is one of humanity's most pressing issues in the twenty-first century. These problems can be found in various areas, including energy supply, exchange, and consumption. Population growth, rising global energy demand, natural resource shortages, and environmental concerns contribute to energy scarcity. Furthermore, energy shortage needs the expansion of renewable energies and energy efficiency, a major concern for all governments and organisations. Building energy efficiency is a crucial concept to consider when it comes to smart cities. Buildings are the greatest energy consumers, accounting for 40% of total energy consumption. Recent advances in machine learning within a big data context have paved the way for more efficient building energy management. Building energy consumption may be successfully managed by a real-time measurement procedure, allowing the economy to shift from a linear to a circular consumption model. This will tackle the issue of late notice of failed energy-saving initiatives and allow for immediate correction to restore the energy management system to ultimate performance.The energy hub might be as small as a single home energy system or as large as an energy system for the city. This paper will present a case study on developing a smart energy hub called Hubgrade 4.0 that relies on connected products using digital twin as a significant enabler for energy-saving initiatives. Hubgrade 4.0 provides an innovative approach to successfully implementing energy efficiency improvement using artificial intelligence and real-time data. Hubgrade 4.0 is the name of Enova by Veolia smart energy hub; Enova is the regional leader in integrated energy and multi-technical services, delivering performance-based energy and facilities management solutions. The energy hub digital twin is a link between a physical platform that administers the energy hub's IoT and a virtual platform that can derive services that are valid for the energy hub. Successful enterprises are using several new technologies to achieve the goals of Industry 4.0: efficiency, speed, agility, and customer-centricity. This paper concluded and highlighted lessons learned from the successful implementation of innovative energy management, which relied on a dedicated organisation, effective adoption of digital technologies, and embracing new business models, resulting in power savings of 254 million kW and water savings of around 3 million cubic meters, as well as financial savings of about 138 million AED in 5 years since Hubgrade 4.0 started operations its first energy-saving contract in 2017.
THE EFFECT OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN URBAN STREETSCAPES ON THE INFERENCE ACCURACY OF DEEP LEARNING MODELS
Authors: Inoue T. , Manabe R. , Murayama A. , Koizumi H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Owing to the increasing focus on places in urban planning and design, methods to evaluate the quality and value of urban places is crucially needed. Many studies use deep learning models to identify the proportion and composition of landscape elements in images for evaluation. The accuracy of semantic segmentation achieved with such models is often validated using Cityscapes, a street-level image dataset taken from German cities. However, few studies have quantitatively revealed the inference accuracy decrease caused by culture-specific characteristics of streetscapes.In this study, we calculated by-class intersection over union (IoU) and newly-defined indices of false inferences to demonstrate how and to what extent deep learning models can infer each landscape element falsely when applied to Japanese street-level images. Our analysis revealed that certain landscape elements are more difficult to infer correctly based on specific causes, such as their appearances in images and unique characteristics of the fixed physical configuration of Japanese streets. By applying the false inference categorization framework presented in this study, researchers can adjust their approaches considering two aspects: a decrease in inference accuracies of deep learning models and the impact of culture-specific characteristics of streetscapes on people's perception and valuation of urban places. Based on the results and analyses, a future research direction is to develop and implement more accurate image recognition models considering culture-specific characteristics to understand people's perceptions of urban spaces and assess the value of urban places by using the big data including street-level images.
RAILDASH: A DASHBOARD SYSTEM TO ANALYZE EFFECTS OF EVENTS ON RAILWAY TRAFFIC USING BIG GPS DATA
Authors: Jeph P. , Takayasu H. , Xia T. , Kanasugi H. , Jiang R. , Mizuseki H. , Shibasaki R.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The big events cause substantial deviations in the city traffic, especially railway transportation which happens to be the dominant mode of transportation for most of the major cities. Analysis of big events’ impact on railway transportation, therefore, is of great importance to urban planning and transport management, yet is quite challenging because of the lack of readily available data about railway passengers’ citywide flow and event participants’ choice of transportation mode. Previous works have mainly relied on precise but limited data like sensors, AFC (Automated Fare Collection), or smart-card get-on get-off data to estimate the railway passengers, and did not take a holistic multi-dimensional approach to analyze railway traffic congestion caused by the events. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel interactive Dashboard system that utilizes millions of smartphone GPS records across Japan. The dashboard can estimate and visualize railway passengers for the stations nearby the event venue as well as other relevant event participants’ information. We also introduce a Congestion Index to measure the increase in congestion of stations during events. The dashboard can be highly useful for event organizers, railway administrators, and city planners to assess and compare the impact of big events on railway traffic.
A TESTBED FOR APPLYING OPERATIONALIZED GRAPH GRAMMARS TO SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS IN INTEGRATED BIM-GIS SCENARIOS
Authors: Tauscher H. , Wong K. W.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Environmental aspects are becoming increasingly important for construction projects and thus holistic analysis spanning different scopes such as the building and city context. With graph-based data integration we propose a general method to support cross-domain analysis tasks. In this paper, we present a testbed consisting of a data set with three university buildings in IFC and CityGML format and two use cases for sustainability analysis spanning the building and city scope. We discuss the details of the data set and the two use cases - solar irradiation and material impact analysis - and show how graph-based data integration will be carried out in the testbed.
3D DATA INTEGRATION FOR WEB BASED OPEN SOURCE WebGL INTERACTIVE VISUALISATION
Authors: La Guardia M. , Koeva M. , D’Ippolito F. , Karam S.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Recent advances in open-source geospatial technologies in WebGIS allowed the visualization of a 3D complex environment on the web, exploiting realistic Globe reproduction of the real territorial asset. At the same time, in the field of gaming technologies, the new possibilities offered by open-source WebGL JavaScript libraries allowed the creation of Virtual Reality navigation models on the web. The integration between 3D GIS globe navigation models and VR environment navigation is a solution that offers a further level of detail in web navigation, exploiting the capabilities of web browsers in the best way. This research further contributes to this field, showing a workflow to integrate different 3D data in a VR and 3D WebGIS navigation model. The case study for this research is the new building of the University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) of Enschede (The Netherlands). This work tests the online integration of variety of 3D input data that can lead to different Levels of Details (LoD) of the buildings inside the Globe-based WebGIS platform. The developed solution works on desktop and mobile devices using the capabilities of the most common web browsers, avoiding any software installation. The result of this work is based on completely open-source solutions that offers the possibility to navigate within a 3D model, which is useful for citizens, governmental or private institutions in decision-making processes. This work represents a first step towards the ambition to generate a web Digital Twin platform to combine datasets from different sources in a unique open-source solution.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS OF INDUSTRIAL DNA FROM SMART CITY PERSPECTIVES IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors: Kim H. Y. , Jo S. S. , Leem Y. , Lee S. H.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This study aims to analyse the evolutionary characteristics of industrial DNA from a smart city perspective. Evolutionary characteristics are the structure of industrial DNA and the relationship between industries DNA cluster. The analysis results are as follows. Firstly, the structure of the smart city industry DNA has changed. The structure of the smart city industry DNA cluster investigated in 2000 as the fusion of knowledge service and IT service with traditional service industries such as public, wholesale and retail services. On the other hand, in 2019, the structure of the smart city industry DNA showed as a fusion of ITM and traditional manufacturing such as transportation equipment, machinery, and construction. This result means that the industrial structure has changed from an industrial structure for informatization of knowledge and administration to an industrial structure for smartisation of manufacturing. Second, the relationship between the smart city industrial DNA cluster and other industrial DNA clusters changed from independent to dependent. This means a change in the location of the smart city industry DNA cluster. The smart city industry DNA cluster showed an independent relationship with the traditional industry DNA cluster in 2000. On the other hand, the relationship between the smart city industry DNA cluster and the entire industry cluster was investigated as a dependent relationship in 2019. This result means that the smart city industry DNA cluster is not easy to grow independently.
Analysis of the coaxiality–geometric hysteresis model of a rotate vector reducer based on Ansys Adams
Authors: Liu Yongming , Fu Lei , Zhao Zhuanzhe , Ma Qiang , Rui Yujian , Zhang Zhen
Published: October 2022

Abstract. When a traditional performance test device, the rotate
vector (RV) reducer, is loading and unloading the reducer tested or running
in different torque ranges, the coaxiality error generated by the
transmission system has an important impact on the detection accuracy of a
key performance parameter of the RV reducer, the hysteresis. In order to design a
high-precision performance test device, a RV reducer coaxiality–geometric hysteresis model is proposed. First of all, the static simulation analysis
of the transmission system of the traditional performance test device in
different torque ranges is carried out using Ansys software, and the
corresponding coaxiality error is obtained. Secondly, the RV reducer
coaxiality–geometric hysteresis model is established by means of geometric
analysis, and combined with Adams dynamics simulation software, the dynamic
simulation analysis is carried out under the condition that the coaxiality
of the model transmission system is in different error ranges and has no load.
When the coaxiality is within the allowable error range, the hysteresis
value is 0.5467 arcmin, and the result shows that the accuracy of the model is verified.
At the same time, when the coaxiality exceeds the allowable range of error,
it will have a great impact on the hysteresis. This result has certain
theoretical significance and practical value for the analysis of the
influence of the coaxiality error of the high-precision RV reducer
performance detection device and the design of the adjustment mechanism.
Low-regret Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal Megacities – Evaluating Large-Scale Flood Protection and Small-Scale Rainwater Detention Measures for Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Scheiber Leon , David C. Gabriel , Hoballah Jalloul Mazen , Visscher Jan , Nguyen Hong Quan , Leitold Roxana , Revilla Diez Javier , Schlurmann Torsten
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The risk of urban flooding is a major challenge for many megacities in low elevation coastal zones (LECZ), especially in Southeast Asia. Here, the effects of environmental stressors overlap with rapid urbanization, which significantly aggravates the hazard potential in these regions. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in Southern Vietnam is a prime example of this set of problems and therefore a meaningful study case to apply the concept of low-regret disaster risk adaptation as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In order to explore and evaluate potential options for hazard mitigation, a hydro-numerical model was employed to scrutinize the effectiveness of two adaptation strategies: (1) a large-scale flood protection scheme as currently constructed in HCMC and (2) the widespread installation of small-scale rainwater detention as envisioned in the framework of the Chinese Sponge City Program (SPM). A third adaptation scenario (3) assesses the combined implementation of both approaches (1) and (2). From a hydrological point of view, the reduction of various flood intensity proxies suggests that the effectiveness of large-scale flood protection outweighs that of small-scale rainwater storage by far. For example, an assessment of the Normalized Flood Severity Index (NFSI) suggests a potential flood reduction that is 3.5 times higher for a classic infrastructure solution than for the Sponge City approach. In contrast, the number of manufacturing firms that are protected from risk after the implementation of disaster risk adaptation significantly excels for the latter response option: while the ring dike mitigates flooding at about 20 % of all considered locations, the assumed rainwater detention would protect up to 93 %. And also, from a governance perspective, decentralized rainwater storage conforms better to the low-regret paradigm: while the large-scale ring dike depends on a binary commitment (to build or not to build), decentralized small- and micro-scale solutions can be implemented gradually (through targeted subsidies) and add technical redundancy to the overall system. In the end, both strategies are highly complementary in their spatial and temporal reduction of flood intensity, so local decision-makers may specifically seek multi-faceted strategies, avoiding singular approaches and designing adaptation pathways in order to successfully prepare for a deeply uncertain future.