bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Goliarda Sapienza’s Eccentric Interruptions: Multiple selves, gender ambiguities and disrupted desires
Authors: Ross Charlotte
Published: July 2020

This article considers the work of Goliarda Sapienza (1924-1996), which is currently undergoing a renaissance: early texts are being republished, posthumous works have appeared in print, and she is beginning to attract sustained critical attention for the first time. With reference to several texts, most notably "Lettera aperta", "Io Jean Gabin", "Il filo di mezzogiorno", "L’arte della gioia" and "Le certezze del dubbio", I show how her work challenges a series of received norms and concepts: in addition to deconstructing any notion of the coherent, unified subject, she also disrupts traditional (hetero)normative conceptions of gender identity, sexed body and sexual desire. I analyse her work and thought as a series of interrupted autobiographical chapters, and argue that she can be read as an «eccentric subject», as defined by Teresa de Lauretis: she is «dis-located» from normative society, and challenges and interrupts dominant discourses, but also calls into question alternative discourses, for example feminism. As a result, her work may be challenging to read, but it is richly provocative. Finally, I consider how Sapienza herself experiences modalities of «interruption»; she strives to rewrite herself following trauma, and struggles with same-sex desire. Her eccentricity is experienced as both a driving, productive force of which she is proud, and a source of personal contestation. I conclude that while her relationship with some strands of feminism is rather combative, her unorthodox self-questioning, and her questioning of all institutions, make her work and thought immensely important as a form of feminist self-(re-)definition that has hitherto received little attention.
Merging Territories: (Anti)Feminism in Neera’s "Una giovinezza del secolo XIX"
Authors: Larco Ioana Raluca
Published: July 2020

This article reflects on the ideological ambivalence of Neera’s autobiographical work, "Una giovinezza del secolo XIX" (1919): on the one hand, the narrator openly disapproves, in the name of moral values and tradition, of those trends meant to expand women’s domain beyond the domestic space through education and paid labor; on the other, the «narrated I» is insistently depicted as victim of her limiting domestic space. Such duality brings to mind the notion of ‘contradictory consciousnesses’ as coined by philosopher Antonio Gramsci in his theory on the birth of a new culture. He argues that any given historical moment is never uniform but composed of numerous contrasting forces (some predominant while others remain regressive) that are equally significant when representing the socio-historical picture as a whole. In Gramsci’s view, a gifted writer must be able to capture indistinctively in his/her work all these forces. After briefly showing how Neera is indeed a writer of her period, given that "Una giovinezza del secolo XIX" echoes the various contrasting tendencies that its author witnessed, I turn to the progressive component of her work and consider how Neera in fact implicitly proposes an alternative Feminism when overtly rejecting the feminist and socialist ideology of her times. Drawing on Cavarero’s discussion of female autobiography as a locus that privileges the uniqueness of the sole individual over its multiple identities in the public sphere, I indicate how this situation applies to Neera’s autobiographical narrative through the relationship with her readers and her father. In the final point of my analysis, I emphasize once again how Neera undermines her declared antifeminist position by means of ingenious narrative devices. I conclude by reiterating that the tension generated by the above-discussed dichotomy constitutes an innovative element and the force that propels Neera’s work ahead of her times from an ideological point of view.
Sguardo di madre – Ordine simbolico, colpa e liberazione in "Una bambina e basta" di Lia Levi
Authors: Sartori Andrea
Published: July 2020

This book by Lia Levi can be read both as a document about the persecution of the Jews in Italy, and as a testimonial account of a difficult childhood. Here the young protagonist is in search of herself, in a world permeated with chauvinist rhetoric. This article first analyses the guilt-inducing mechanisms of the symbolic order of anti-Semitism, and reveals the similarities between this process and ideologies of gender domination. The article then borrows the category of the 'gaze' from Adriana Cavarero’s writings, and follows the development of this theme in Lia Levi’s text, first analyzing the protagonist’s relationship with the adult world, then focusing on her relationship with her mother; their bond is free from pretence but is nonetheless marked by a tension between perceptions of guilt and freedom. Thus, the article identifies several symbolic places where the girl can forge a space for herself, beyond history, distinct from a world affected by human violence. She manages to confront the horrible and hostile world of anti-Semitic violence, not through clawing back her right to live from within the male symbolic order, the law of the father, but rater through her mother’s unflinching gaze, to which her fragile being has been exposed all her life. Here analysis draws on crucial theoretical reflections, including Cavarero’s feminist ideas which take inspiration from Hannah Arendt, and the work of Theodor W. Adorno and Jacques Derrida as well. In conclusion, the recognition bestowed by a feminine gaze which rescues from domination and violence, gives back Lia Levi’s girl a life with no adjectives, which is worth of living just because mother-generated.
Wellington 2013 – «Solo le storie sono capaci di colmare gli squarci del dolore. Solo le storie ci aiutano a sopravvivere»: Autobiographic Traces in the Narratives of Dacia Maraini
Authors: Standen Alex
Published: July 2020

The publication of Dacia Maraini’s "Bagheria" in 1993 and "La nave per Kobe" in 2001 indicate a significant foray into life writing by the author, and the beginning of a more concerted move towards self-representation, which continues in texts such as "La grande festa" (2011) and "Chiara di Assisi – Elogio della disobbedienza" (2013). It is, however, a genre that Maraini had previously admitted to being challenging for her to confront. This article considers a number of ‘autobiographic traces’ in Maraini’s earlier works as examples of fictionalized articulations of traumatic events and, likewise, how Maraini’s perceived difficulty with the genre manifests itself in "La nave per Kobe" through a certain level of textual turbulence. It explores the trouble that Maraini has in constructing the autobiographic ‘I’ before arguing that the inclusion of her mother’s diaries in this particular work gives Maraini the confidence needed to do so.
Il chiarore che deforma – Processi deformanti nella poetica di Amelia Rosselli
Authors: Carletti Elena
Published: July 2020

The poetry of Amelia Rosselli is deeply phenomenological and stems from a tumultuous reality, a state in constant becoming. The chaos of the external reality is interiorized, and subsequently possessed, through a process of deforming filtration. This paper begins by investigating phenomenological implications in the poetics of Amelia Rosselli, which developed in line with similar approaches both in Italy, in the theories of the Gruppo ‘63, and abroad, in an essay written by Charles Olson. Art is deprived, once and for all, of its status of truthfulness, rather becoming an ongoing process, a cautious approach to the real. In particular, in Rosselli’s work the deforming mechanism becomes essential to interiorize and "tame" the outside world. The real is subjected to time-space warping and bending according to the laws of non-Euclidean geometry and topological transformations. The result, albeit distorted, proves conceptually equivalent to the original material. The deforming representation, therefore, corresponds to a phenomenological filtration process that generates an analogous version of reality, despite its form appearing distorted. Brief textual analyses show how the deforming tension is used on the one hand to possess and finally overcome past traumatic experience, and on the other as a tool to infiltrate the patriarchal literary canon. The image of the father is offered as an emblematic figure of overcoming: the biological father, who caused the author’s childhood trauma, but also the fathers of the literary tradition (Rimbaud, Scipione, Dante, Montale) whose verses are stolen and deformed, distorted into a speech which is now finally tailored for women.
«Nello schedario del mio cuore»: i romanzi di memoria di Giacoma Limentani
Authors: Xausa Chiara
Published: July 2020

Il contributo si propone di leggere i racconti autobiografici di Giacoma Limentani a partire dalle riflessioni sul significato e sulla funzione della memoria che li attraversano. Limentani prende le distanze da una testimonianza della Shoah che sempre più si sta trasformando in una «comune memoria omologante di sofferenze per tutti uguali» (LIMENTANI 2008, 127), rifiuta di identificarsi come testimone neutra e afferma la propria singolarità. In contumacia, Dentro la D e La spirale della tigre, ora accorpati insieme da Iacobelli in un unico volume con il titolo Trilogia (2013), sono un viaggio dal ricordo opprimente al racconto che permette di sopravvivere al dolore. In contumacia nasce quando la narrazione dei ricordi di infanzia diventa un atto di sopravvivenza e una necessità; procede per frammenti, facendosi testimone delle emozioni scaturite dal trauma. In Dentro la D il recupero dell’eredità familiare e dell’identità ebraica si fanno Dono e le aprono una porta verso la dignità, la quale, una volta che la distanza temporale ha permesso di storicizzare il dolore, la guida nella scrittura de La spirale della tigre. Qui spirali di memorie intrecciano storie personali a quelle dei personaggi e delle personagge della tribù del ghetto di Roma: è narrando la singolarità delle loro vite e recuperando le memorie infrante dalla Shoah che il passato smette di proiettare ombre sul futuro e la memoria privata diventa collettiva, senza tuttavia essere omologante.
Dea del cielo o figlia di Eva? La donna nella cultura italiana fra Rinascimento e Controriforma, Museo petrarchesco piccolomineo, Trieste, 21 ottobre – 21 aprile 2018.
Authors: Acucella Cristina
Published: July 2020

La mostra Dea del cielo o figlia di Eva?, La donna nella cultura italiana fra Rinascimento e Controriforma, (Museo petrarchesco piccolomineo, Trieste, 21 ottobre – 21 aprile 2018) ha avuto il merito di congiungere il vasto patrimonio librario e della cultura materiale locale gettando nuova luce su aspetti inediti delle donne del tempo. Le varie sezioni della mostra e del relativo catalogo, curato da Maiko Favaro, evidenziano con efficacia le direttrici principali di questo percorso sul ‘Rinascimento al femminile’.
Storie di Storia - Oxford 2015: Solo donne coraggiose nella "Stanza" di Laura Curino
Authors: Scattina Simona
Published: July 2020

La battaglia delle donne per l’accesso alla cultura diventa una metafora di coraggio nel teatro di Laura Curino. Con Una stanza tutta per me, tratto da A room of one’s own di Virginia Woolf, celebre testo del 1928, l’attrice rivisita un testo “dotto” in una chiave personale e feconda. Lo spettacolo della Curino, con il garbo e l’ironia che la contraddistinguono, partendo dal pamphlet realizza un monologo dialogato, articolato in sei capitoli più un prologo, in cui il racconto della preparazione della conferenza della Woolf si sovrappone e si interseca a storie di donne reali o immaginarie che nei secoli hanno aperto la via alla possibilità di un riscatto. Attraverso, e oltre, Woolf, Curino intende rappresentare il coraggio delle donne che nella storia non hanno rinunciato alla loro vocazione intellettuale o artistica per significare, metaforicamente, la tenacia di chi, al di fuori del genere, vuol “tener fede al proprio sogno”.Il contributo verte sull’analisi dello spettacolo, nonché sull’esame della drammaturgia narrativa della Curino che nel suo racconto incastona figure, voci e personaggi popolando così lo spazio scenico di numerose creature e portando in scena, come sempre nel suo percorso artistico, i tanti volti del contemporaneo Nel suo processo creativo la scrittura drammaturgica si intreccia con l’invenzione attoriale per cui la prima deriva dall’oralità e il corpo di chi è in scena diventa mediumche esplica la narrazione e diviene anche oggetto (libro, penna, carta). Ciò che muoveva Virginia interessa per la Curino anche noi: il tentativo di dare degli esempi, perché gli esempi ti confortano, ti indicano una strada; e l’intenzione di non dimenticare, di dire “grazie”.
«-Scrivéma / scróiv ancàura». Il lavoro poetico di Giuliana Rocchi
Authors: Belletti Gabriele
Published: July 2020

Il contributo prende in esame la poetica dell’autrice Giuliana Rocchi (Santarcangelo di Romagna, 1922 - Rimini, 1996), figura più appartata e meno nota rispetto agli altri poeti santarcangiolesi facenti parte del cosiddetto Circal de’ giudéizi(“Circolo del giudizio”), come Raffaello Baldini e Tonino Guerra. In esso si ripercorrono sinteticamente le principali istituzioni delle sue raccolte dialettali, La vóita d’una dòna (“La vita di una donna”, 1980), La Madòna di garzéun (“La Madonna dei garzoni”, 1986) e il postumo Le parole nel cartoccio (1998). Si sottolinea in particolare come, grazie ad un’iniziale vocazione poetica ereditata dal padre analfabeta, l’autrice sia capace di tramandare in queste opere le voci e le storie di coloro che hanno abitato le contrade del suo paese natale, nel corso di una vita caratterizzata da difficoltà materiali, proteste per i diritti dei lavoratori e scontri con diverse forme di autorità e di potere. Da un lato, la poetessa critica i padroni e i politici, incapaci di comprendere le ragioni degli operai e delle persone comuni, denuncia il mancato rispetto per l’ambiente e per i luoghi naturali dell’infanzia dovuto al cambiamento dei tempi; dall’altro, con una vera e propria volontà di soccorso, canta le vicissitudini dei più fragili, siano essi esseri umani, cose o animali. Dall’analisi dell’opera dell’autrice, si sono potute mettere in evidenza anche le sue riflessioni meta-poetiche, che restituiscono la lucida consapevolezza delle sue scelte stilistiche e del valore civile della poesia.
«altrelettere»: rivista di critica letteraria sulla scrittura delle donne in Italia
Authors: Maraini Dacia
Published: July 2020

Der von Dacia Maraini geschriebenen Artikel für die Gründung von «altrelettere».
Siguiendo el rastro real: el diseño de un producto turístico a partir de las visitas regias históricas en el Principado de Asturias | Following the royal trail: designing a touristic product after historical royal visits in the Principality of Asturias.
Authors: Lobeto Álvarez Ana María
Published: July 2020

Desde que el territorio asturiano fuera elegido como solar del título del príncipe heredero en 1388, las visitas reales se redujeron drásticamente, siendo la primera y última de la Edad Moderna, la de Carlos I, quien llegó de forma fortuita. Sin embargo, a partir de los Borbones constitucionales, el Principado adquirió un valor muy especial en relación a la Corona, que aprovechó los vínculos simbólicos como elemento de reforzamiento de su aparato propagandístico. A lo largo del tiempo, las visitas de los reyes y, sobre todo, de los príncipes y princesas, tuvieron gran repercusion social y mediática y, en la actualidad, podrían convertirse en un producto turístico muy atractivo.________________________Since Asturias was chosen to be the site of the title of the heir Prince in 1388, royal visits were drastically reduced, being Charles I´s one the first and last of the modern period, and took placepurely by change. Despite that, since the Consitutonal Bourbons, the Principality acquired a very special position with the Crown, which used their symbolic ties as a propaganda reinforcement. Visitis from the Kings and, specially, from the princes and princesses have had a big social and mediatic repercussion over the years and could nowadays become a very attractive touristic resource.
La protección europea contra las cláusulas abusivas. Directiva 93/13/CEE y su integración en el marco regulatorio español | European protection against unfair clauses. Directive 93/13/EEC and its integration into the spanish legislation.
Authors: Calero Olmos Juan Bautista
Published: July 2020

El desarrollo económico global de los años sesenta del siglo pasado, junto con la implantación del mercado común europeo, trajo consigo el incremento de transacciones comerciales entre grandes corporaciones empresariales y los ciudadanos residentes en la Unión europea provocadas por la distribución de bienes y servicios necesarios. Las formas contractuales cambian, y se imponen los contratos de adhesión como la mejor manera de concretar estas nuevas transacciones. La posición predominante del empresario ante el consumidor necesitado de estos bienes y servicios provocó situaciones de abuso que fueron trasladadas a las cláusulas contractuales mermando los derechos básicos de los perceptores de bienes y servicios, esto es, de los ciudadanos europeos. La reacción de las instituciones de gobierno de la Unión Europea no se hizo esperar con la promulgación de resoluciones legales a favor de recomponer el desequilibrio contractual, entre otras, la Directiva 93/13/CEE de obligada incorporación inmediata en los países miembros. En España, esta trasposición de la Directiva se realizó con una doble regulación a través de la Ley de Condiciones Generales de la Contratación que modificó, a su vez la Ley General de defensa de los consumidores. En ambas, se contemplaron instrumentos de defensa procesal a través tanto de acciones individuales como colectivas._______________________The overall economic development of the sixties of the last century, together with the implementation of the European common market, led to the increase in commercial transactions between large business corporations and citizens residing in the European Union caused by the distribution of necessary goods and services. Contractual forms change, and accession contracts are imposed as the best way to implement these new transactions. The predominant position of the employer to the consumer in need of these goods and services caused situations of abuse that were transferred to the contractual clauses, under reducing the basic rights of the recipients of goods and services, that is, of European citizens. The reaction of the governing institutions of the European Union was not expected with the enactment of legal rulings in favour of recomposing the contractual imbalance, inter alia, Directive 93/13/EEC which must be immediately incorporated into the Member States. In Spain, this transposition of the Directive was carried out with a double regulation through the Law on General Conditions of Contract that, in turn, amended the General Law on the Defense of Consumers. Both instruments of procedural defence were envisaged through both individual and collective actions.
El estado intensivo: Ontología y Política en Gilles Deleuze
Authors: Ferreyra Julián
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se analizan las perspectivas políticas que surgen de las diferentes interpretaciones existentes sobre la ontología que Gilles Deleuze construye en Diferencia y repetición. En primer lugar, se contemplan las implicancias de una visión restringida a su teoría de la Idea, donde el debate consiste en establecer si Deleuze se inclina por una prioridad virtual o una actual; en términos políticos, éstas lo acercan, respectivamente, a una genealogía soberana o una liberal. En un segundo momento mostramos cómo esta interpretación acotada se enriquece si se toma en cuenta el otro concepto fundamental del libro de 1968: la intensidad. De allí surgen versiones sofisticadas de ambas posturas: la prioridad actual ya no se identifica con un atomismo social, sino con la corporalidad intensiva del pueblo y las minorías que lo componen; el Estado como Idea social que emerge de la prioridad virtual, por su parte, ya no está “fuera del mundo”, sino que está constituido por una materialidad intensiva. Finalmente, se mostrará que el elemento intensivo no alcanza para resolver las limitaciones de ambas perspectivas -tanto en lo especulativo como en lo político-, y la necesidad de superarlas hacia una reciprocidad absoluta, donde la inmanencia entre Idea e intensidad sólo encuentra distinción en los movimientos de plegado de un mismo espacio topológico, cuya traducción política es un Estado intensivo indisociable del pueblo que lo expresa y explica.
É possível filosofar com Heidegger após as confissões nos Cadernos Pretos?
Authors: Rohden Luiz , Webber Marcos André
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo proporemos uma resposta à pergunta se é possível filosofar com Heidegger após as confissões nos Cadernos Pretos relativas ao seu comprometimento, parcial, com o nazismo e o antissemitismo. Para além da alternativa que aborda a obra de Heidegger, ignorando ou minimizando seu compromisso político, ou daquela que a descarta em razão do seu vínculo com nazismo, justificaremos que sua proposta filosófica é válida e profícua, mesmo após a publicação dos Cadernos Pretos. Sob a égide da hermenêutica gadameriana, inicialmente apresentaremos a posição de Heidegger por ele descrita nos Cadernos Pretos; a seguir, explicitaremos alguns aspectos do antissemitismo heideggeriano em relação ao partido nacional-socialista; para, ao final, fundamentarmos que a proposta filosófica de Heidegger, veiculada em sua obra, não deveria ser descartada em razão do seu equívoco político, uma vez que o texto escrito passa a ter vida própria e se torna independente do seu criador, cabendo aos leitores interpretá-lo de forma crítica, honesta e responsável.
Romper comunidad, crear comunidad: historias de la excomunión y conjetura democrática
Authors: Tatián Diego
Published: July 2020

El presente trabajo indaga las condiciones históricas e ideológicas de la excomunión de Spinoza en 1656, y la vinculación de este episodio con las discutidas influencias de Van den Enden, Juan de Prado o Isaac la Peyrère en la temprana heterodoxia del joven Baruch, según las clásicas tesis de investigadores como Madelaine Francès, I. S. Rèvah, Jacob Teicher, Carl Gebhardt o, más recientemente, Richard Popkin, Josef Kaplan y Steven Nadler. A partir de este relevamiento historiográfico se sugiere una motivación “democrática” en el fondo de la segregación de Spinoza por la Sinagoga y su puesta fuera de comunidad.
Naturaleza, Materia y lo estético… Zubiri lector “radical” de Spinoza
Authors: Espinoza Lolas Ricardo A. , Rojas Castro Braulio
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo busca dar con la influencia de Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) en el pensamiento de Xavier Zubiri (1898-1983) en torno al tema de la materia y de allí entender lo que es lo estético. Es sabido que Zubiri desde joven fue un gran lector de Spinoza; incluso lo enseñaba en detalle a su amiga-estudiante María Zambrano. Y lo que pensamos es que Zubiri siempre estuvo influenciado por el pensador holandés y esto se ve reflejado en cómo Zubiri trata su concepto de materia, clave en su obra; y tal concepto nos permite, por ejemplo, entender lo estético en el pensador español.
Auditory processing in the zebra finch midbrain: single unit responses and effect of rearing experience
Authors: Logerot Priscilla , Smith Paul F. , Wild Martin , Kubke M. Fabiana
Published: July 2020

In birds the auditory system plays a key role in providing the sensory input used to discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific vocal signals. In those species that are known to learn their vocalizations, for example, songbirds, it is generally considered that this ability arises and is manifest in the forebrain, although there is no a priori reason why brainstem components of the auditory system could not also play an important part. To test this assumption, we used groups of normal reared and cross-fostered zebra finches that had previously been shown in behavioural experiments to reduce their preference for conspecific songs subsequent to cross fostering experience with Bengalese finches, a related species with a distinctly different song. The question we asked, therefore, is whether this experiential change also changes the bias in favour of conspecific song displayed by auditory midbrain units of normally raised zebra finches. By recording the responses of single units in MLd to a variety of zebra finch and Bengalese finch songs in both normally reared and cross-fostered zebra finches, we provide a positive answer to this question. That is, the difference in response to conspecific and heterospecific songs seen in normal reared zebra finches is reduced following cross-fostering. In birds the virtual absence of mammalian-like cortical projections upon auditory brainstem nuclei argues against the interpretation that MLd units change, as observed in the present experiments, as a result of top-down influences on sensory processing. Instead, it appears that MLd units can be influenced significantly by sensory inputs arising directly from a change in auditory experience during development.
A cross-sectional assessment of the relationship between sedative medication and anticholinergic medication use and the movement behaviour of older adults living in residential aged care
Authors: Parfitt Gaynor , Post Dannielle , Kalisch Ellett Lisa , Lim Renly , Penington Alison , Corlis Megan , Roughead Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Medications with anticholinergic or sedative effects are frequently used by older people but can increase risk of falls and adverse events; however, less is known about their effect on movement behaviour. Here we examine the cross-sectional association between medication use and movement behaviour in older adults living in residential aged care.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-eight older adults living in residential aged care in metropolitan Australia participated. Medication data were collected from participants’ medical charts and sedative load and anticholinergic burden were determined. Seven-day movement behaviour was objectively assessed by a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer. Raw accelerations were converted to sleep, sedentary time, and time in light, moderate, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. To explore the relationship between medication and movement behaviour, Spearman’s Rho correlations were conducted, as the data were not normally distributed.

Results

Analyses indicated that while anticholinergic burden was not associated with movement behaviour, sedative load was negatively correlated with a number of variables, accounting for 14% variance in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 17% in the bout length of MVPA (p < .02).

Conclusion

The findings of this study showed a negative association between sedative load, due to medicines, and an individual’s movement behaviour. The impact of this could be a reduction in the ability of this population to maintain or improve their functional mobility, which may overshadow any benefits of the medicine in some circumstances.
Performance of Corn Cultivars in the Fertilization Function in the Alagoas State, Brazil
Authors: Santos Magna Pereira dos , Nascimento Heverly Lima , Santos Luiz Carlos Alves dos , Neves Luiz Paulo Ferreira , Souza Ênio Gomes Flôr , Silva Michelangelo de Oliveira , Costa Kleyton Danilo da Silva , Prates Fabiano Barbosa de Souza
Published: July 2020

Brazil is the third largest corn producer in the world. Despite the country’s position in the maize production ranking, some Brazilian regions have a significantly low maize crop yield, mainly due to lack of management recommendations for it. Thus, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the performance of maize cultivars subjected, or not, to NPK fertilization in Alagoas State hinterland. The experiment was carried out at Federal Institute of Alagoas – Piranhas Campus – from February 2019 to June 2019. It followed a randomized block experimental design at factorial arrangement (5x2), with four repetitions, which totaled 40 experimental plots. The first factor comprised five maize cultivars (BRS Caatingueiro, M274 Morumbi, BRS 2022, Crioula Cateto and AG 1051), whereas the second one encompassed NPK fertilizer application, or not. Fertilization led to the best results in most of the evaluated parameters and to increased grain yield (3,037.7 kg ha-1) in all evaluated cultivars. These outcomes evidenced how the fertilization technique, mainly the one comprising NPK macronutrients, can help increasing yield in maize production systems in Alagoas State hinterland. Among the cultivars evaluated, the hybrid 'AG 1051' was the one that stood out the most, except for the ear insertion height, in all the analyzed variables.
What is the Ideal Test Piece Diameter for Laboratory Penetration Soil Resistance (SPR) Testing?
Authors: Cruz Giordani Henrique Ferreira da , Bianchini Aloisio , Santos Matheus Azevedo dos , Daros Rodrigo Fernandes , Deus Matheus Santos de , Chiapinotto João Vitor Monteiro
Published: July 2020

The objective of this work was to determine the adequate diameter of soil samples as a function of the cone base area for soil penetration resistance (SPR) tests in the laboratory. The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science (FAAS) – UFMT. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with 3 basal areas of the cone (11.05 mm2, 33.70 mm2, 52.17 mm2), 3 diameters of the specimen (50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm) and presence and absence of volumetric rings during the penetrometer tests, with a total of 11 replicates, which were divided between two data acquisition speeds. The specimens were prepared in a protected environment (greenhouse) undergoing a curing process, with 54 cycles of drying and moistening (6 months). The soil density was obtained in the field, to reproduce the same density in the laboratory. In this way, the volume of the dry mass of soil was calculated for each ring starch. All the rings were made with 12 cm of height and 10 cm were occupied by the soil. Tubes (PVC) intended for the production of unconfined test specimens were opened longitudinally to enable their removal at the time of testing without damaging the structure. The SPR tests were performed in the Laboratory of Agricultural Machines and Motors (LAMAM). The data obtained were analyzed by variance. The specimen of 50mm diameter was insufficient to be representative of the field. The presence of the ring influenced the SPR, causing an increase of the same. The cone of a smaller size (11.05 mm²) was shown to be more suitable for SPR in the laboratory. The SPR test proved to be more efficient without the volumetric ring.
Exchange Rates Fluctuations and International Trade in a Mono-product Economy: Nigeria’s Experience, 1986-2018
Authors: Kalu Kalu, UKo , Mike Anyanwaokoro,
Published: July 2020

This study sought to examine the effects of Exchange Rate on the International Trade in a Mono-Product Economy: Nigeria’s experience 1986–2018 Nigeria has a large population and as a nation, she imports virtually everything including toilet tissues and toothpicks. In fact, in some quarters, the consumption of imported goods has become a status symbol. With few functional manufacturing firms, her major foreign Exchange earner being Crude Oil accounting for over 70% of her foreign exchange earnings has suffered consistent price decreases and even showing no signs of recovery. Holding to her inability to process sufficient quantities of the Crude for local consumption, a large chunk of the foreign Exchange earned is spent in importing processed Petroleum Products from other Countries. Furthermore, the Citizens’ uncontrollable and insatiable appetite for imported goods(ranging from food to fodder, to electronics, Ceramics and all sorts of building materials including raw materials, to automobiles and worst of it all Medical Tourism) including so many ostentatious items has put further strain on her foreign exchange and by implication the Exchange Rate of the Naira. Ex post facto method was adopted In order to test the hypothesis, the researcher adopted Augmented Dickey Fuller, Vector Error Correction Model and co-integration tests. Adopting a VECM and Co-integration framework with particular focus on the Nigerian economy, the following findings were made: Nigerian Economy shared a long run co-integrating relationship with the studied international trade related variables, Nigerian economy adjusts at 81% to the shocks and dynamics of the exchange rate and its correlates and a causal relationship exists between export and exchange rate and all the studied variables in the block exogeneity form. It was recommended that: CBN should continue with the reduced Exchange Rate on Agriculture and other Manufacturing activities as this is capable of increasing Investment which will result in increased Foreign Exchange earnings through export of Agricultural products and even other made –in-Nigeria products, Firms should be licensed to build refineries for processing of Our Crude Oil, this will make refined petroleum Products available, and affordable thereby eliminating the endemic fraud embedded in subsidy payments. Provision of adequate infrastructure in the Country especially in the areas of Power and Medicare; this will go a long way in assisting manufacturing firms as well as reduce the cost of Medical Tourism.
Propargylic Coupling Reactions via Bimetallic Alkyne Complexes: The Nicholas Reaction
Authors: Green James R. , Nicholas Kenneth M.
Published: July 2020

The hexacarbonyldicobalt complexes of propargylic cations are generated readily, predominantly from alkynedicobalt complexes bearing propargylic leaving groups. These cations have both good stability and reactivity, and enter into reaction with a wide range of carbon‐ and heteroatom‐based nucleophiles in a reliable manner; these are widely known as Nicholas reactions. In conjunction with the ready incorporation and removal of the dicobalt unit, these reactions have been employed extensively in total synthesis.
Annual NASADAD meeting features states sharing what works, what doesn't
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2020

The annual meeting of the National Association of State Alcohol and Drug Abuse Directors (NASADAD) featured, as always, states sharing the successes and challenges of treating and preventing substance use disorder (SUD). This year, the meeting was virtual due to COVID‐19, and indeed, some of the most important lessons learned came from how states are responding to the pandemic, which hit in March.
Suppressing Ion Migration Enables Stable Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with All‐Inorganic Strategy
Authors: Zhang Lin , Yuan Fang , Xi Jun , Jiao Bo , Dong Hua , Li Jingrui , Wu Zhaoxin
Published: July 2020

Stability issue is one of the major concerns that limit emergent perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) techniques. Generally, ion migration is considered as the most important origin of PeLEDs degradation. In this work, an all‐inorganic device architecture, LiF/perovskite/LiF/ZnS/ZnSe, is proposed to address this imperative problem. The inorganic (Cs1−xRbx)1−yKyPbBr3 perovskite is optimized with achieving a photoluminescence quantum yield of 67%. Depth profile analysis of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that the LiF/perovskite/LiF structure and the ZnS/ZnSe cascade electron transport layers significantly suppress the electric‐field‐induced ion migrations of the perovskite layers, and impede the diffusion of metallic atoms from cathode into perovskites. The as‐prepared PeLEDs display excellent shelf stability (maintaining 90% of the initial external quantum efficiency [EQE] after 264 h) and operational stability (half‐lifetime of about 255 h at an initial luminance of 120 cd m−2). The devices also exhibit a maximum brightness of 15 6155 cd m−2 and an EQE of 11.05%.
Horizontal Stress Release for Protuberance‐Free Li Metal Anode
Authors: Liu Yuanming , Yin Xiaoguang , Shen Xin , Zou Peichao , Qin Xianying , Yang Cheng , Zhang Qiang , Kang Feiyu , Chen Guohua , Li Baohua
Published: July 2020

Dendrite‐induced short circuit and capacity loss present major barriers to high‐energy‐density lithium (Li) metal batteries. Many approaches have been proposed to regulate or restrain the formation of Li dendrite, yet it has not been fully eliminated. Herein, a dredging tactic with hemisphere‐like concaves is designed to horizontally release the stress during Li deposition, making both upper smooth Li and nether granular Li dwell inside the compartmented tummy. With such protuberance‐free Li metal anode, an ultrahigh Coulombic efficiency over 96% of the half‐cell is maintained after 490 cycles and capacity retention of 100% for the full cell paired with a LiFePO4 cathode after 140 cycles (with low N/P ratio of ≈5) is achieved simultaneously. This study contributes to a deeper comprehension of electrochemical metal deposition and promotes the development of safe batteries.
Biomimetic Nanocomposites Cloaked with Bioorthogonally Labeled Glioblastoma Cell Membrane for Targeted Multimodal Imaging of Brain Tumors
Authors: Duan Yukun , Wu Min , Hu Dehong , Pan Yutong , Hu Fang , Liu Xingang , Thakor Nitish , Ng Wai Hoe , Liu Xin , Sheng Zonghai , Zheng Hairong , Liu Bin
Published: July 2020

Brain tumor targeted delivery of diagnostic contrast agents has been an elusive goal due to the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and the complex brain tumor microenvironment. Herein, an ingenious design of nanoscale contrast agents coated by bioorthogonally labeled brain tumor cell membrane for targeted diagnosis of glioblastoma through multiple complementary imaging modalities is presented. Taking advantage of bioorthogonal click reactions, an endothelial integrin receptor‐targeting peptide cRGD is decorated onto the nanocomposite surface to act in synergy with brain tumor cell membrane to offer BBB‐penetrating and homotypic targeting effect in the brain tumor microenvironment. Cellular and animal experimental results validate the superior targeting outcomes achieved by cRGD‐labeled brain tumor cell membrane coating. This study offers an example of a surface modified cell membrane as a potential theranostic strategy to overcome the delivery barriers in brain tumors.
Multiscale Architecture and Superior High‐Temperature Performance of Discontinuously Reinforced Titanium Matrix Composites
Authors: Huang Lujun , An Qi , Geng Lin , Wang Shuai , Jiang Shan , Cui Xiping , Zhang Rui , Sun Fengbo , Jiao Yang , Chen Xin , Wang Cunyu
Published: July 2020

Discontinuously reinforced titanium matrix composites (DRTMCs), as one of the most important metal matrix composites (MMCs), are expected to exhibit high strength, elastic modulus, high‐temperature endurability, wear resistance, isotropic property, and formability. Recent innovative research shows that tailoring the reinforcement network distribution totally differently from the conventional homogeneous distribution can not only improve the strengthening effect but also resolve the dilemma of DRTMCs with poor tensile ductility. Based on the network architecture, multiscale architecture, for example, two‐scale network and laminate‐network microstructure can further inspire superior strength, creep, and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. Herein, the most recent developments, which include the design, fabrication, microstructure, high‐temperature performance, strengthening mechanisms, and future research opportunities for DRTMCs with multiscale architecture, are captured. In this regard, the service temperature can be increased by 200 °C, and the creep rupture time by 59‐fold compared with those of conventional titanium alloys, which can meet the urgent demands of lightweight nickel‐based structural materials and potentially replace nickel base superalloys at 600–800 °C to reduce weight by 45%. In fact, multiscale architecture design strategy will also favorably open a new era in the research of extensive metallic materials for improved performances.
Interface Issues and Challenges in All‐Solid‐State Batteries: Lithium, Sodium, and Beyond
Authors: Lou Shuaifeng , Zhang Fang , Fu Chuankai , Chen Ming , Ma Yulin , Yin Geping , Wang Jiajun
Published: July 2020

Owing to the promise of high safety and energy density, all‐solid‐state batteries are attracting incremental interest as one of the most promising next‐generation energy storage systems. However, their widespread applications are inhibited by many technical challenges, including low‐conductivity electrolytes, dendrite growth, and poor cycle/rate properties. Particularly, the interfacial dynamics between the solid electrolyte and the electrode is considered as a crucial factor in determining solid‐state battery performance. In recent years, intensive research efforts have been devoted to understanding the interfacial behavior and strategies to overcome these challenges for all‐solid‐state batteries. Here, the interfacial principle and engineering in a variety of solid‐state batteries, including solid‐state lithium/sodium batteries and emerging batteries (lithium–sulfur, lithium–air, etc.), are discussed. Specific attention is paid to interface physics (contact and wettability) and interface chemistry (passivation layer, ionic transport, dendrite growth), as well as the strategies to address the above concerns. The purpose here is to outline the current interface issues and challenges, allowing for target‐oriented research for solid‐state electrochemical energy storage. Current trends and future perspectives in interfacial engineering are also presented.
Tailor‐Made Polydiacetylene Micelles for the Catalysis of 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions in Water
Authors: Kumar Ramar Arun , Jawale Dhanaji V. , Oheix Emmanuel , Geertsen Valérie , Gravel Edmond , Doris Eric
Published: July 2020

A colloidal catalyst was developed by complexation of copper chloride in polydiacetylene micelles. The latter were designed to accommodate and stabilize copper salts, by providing a suitable ligand environment. Micelles were valorized as nanoreactors for the promotion of the Huisgen cycloaddition reaction in water thanks to their central hydrophobic core which permitted not only aqueous dispersion, but also concentration of the reagents at the vicinity of the catalyst. The system was found to be active on a variety of substrates and efficiently operated under sustainable conditions.

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Liquid swine manure as a sidedressed nitrogen source for corn
Authors: Pfarr Christopher J. , Wilson Melissa L. , Coulter Jeffrey A. , Fernández Fabián G.
Published: July 2020

Sidedressing liquid swine (Sus scrofa) manure (LSM) on corn (Zea mays L.) may provide additional time to apply manure and help better match crop‐nutrient demand with nutrient supply. A 2‐yr, on‐farm study was conducted in Minnesota to assess three sidedress nutrient sources—injected LSM via dragline hose, anhydrous ammonia (AA), and urea ammonia nitrate (UAN)—against a non‐sidedressed control. At planting, all treatments (including the control) received 46 kg N ha−1 as starter fertilizer. At sidedressing, 157 kg N ha−1 of available N was targeted for application with the different N sources at the fourth leaf collar stage of corn (V4). Sidedressing did not affect plant population compared with the non‐sidedressed control in 2018, but sidedressed LSM reduced plant population by 6% relative to the control in 2019, likely due to wet soil conditions and manure injection settings that partially buried plants. In 2018, LSM produced comparable grain yield and net return to sidedressing costs as AA and UAN, despite lower soil ammonium and nitrate levels in the 0‐ to 15‐cm soil layer approximately 12 d after application. In 2019, LSM led to 18–25% lower grain yield than AA and UAN and lower net returns because of a combined plant population reduction and an application of 50 kg plant available N ha−1 less than expected. Sidedressing corn with LSM is a viable alternative to commercial fertilizers, although to realize consistent results, better fine‐tuning of application rate, depth, and speed under different soil moisture conditions may be needed.
Efficient generalized shortcut distillation model with improved accuracy for superstructure‐based process synthesis
Authors: Ryu Joonjae , Maravelias Christos T.
Published: July 2020

We propose a general shortcut distillation column model that can address a wide range of types of separations including nonsharp/sloppy splits. The model can automatically identify key components and estimate the energy requirement of a desired separation in the presence, potentially, of components with zero flow rates. To obtain more practical column height and vapor flow rates, we augment the model with constraints inspired by the Fenske equation. We also propose valid constraints to enhance the computational performance of the proposed model. Due to its flexibility and computational efficiency, the proposed model can be readily used for superstructure‐based process synthesis.
A suspension cell‐based interaction platform for interrogation of membrane proteins
Authors: Krohl Patrick J. , Kim Kook Bum , Lew Lance , VanDyke Derek , Ludwig Seth D. , Spangler Jamie B.
Published: July 2020

The majority of clinically approved therapeutics target membrane proteins (MPs), highlighting the need for tools to study this important category of proteins. To overcome limitations with recombinant MP expression, whole cell screening techniques have been developed that present MPs in their native conformations. Whereas many such platforms utilize adherent cells, here we introduce a novel suspension cell‐based platform termed “biofloating” that enables quantitative analysis of interactions between proteins displayed on yeast and MPs expressed on mammalian cells, without need for genetic fusions. We characterize and optimize biofloating and illustrate its sensitivity advantage compared to an adherent cell‐based platform (biopanning). We further demonstrate the utility of suspension cell‐based approaches by iterating rounds of magnetic‐activated cell sorting selections against MP‐expressing mammalian cells to enrich for a specific binder within a yeast‐displayed antibody library. Overall, biofloating represents a promising new technology that can be readily integrated into protein discovery and development workflows.
A framework of hybrid model development with identification of plant‐model mismatch
Authors: Chen Yingjie , Ierapetritou Marianthi
Published: July 2020

Hybrid modeling has attracted increasing attention in order to take advantage of the additional data to improve process understanding. Current practice often adopts mechanistic models to predict process behaviors. These mechanistic models are based on physical understandings and experimental studies, but they sometimes lead to plant‐model mismatch (PMM) as they may be inaccurate to fully describe real processes. Black‐box models can serve as an alternative, but they often suffer from poor generalization and interpretability. To combine the two techniques, hybrid models are developed to make use of process data while maintaining a degree of physical understanding. In this work, we implement a framework of identification of PMM using partial correlation coefficient and mutual information, followed by introducing and comparing serial, parallel, and combined structures of hybrid models. The framework is applied and tested with a simulated reactor model and two pharmaceutical unit operation case studies.