bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequent Systems for Consequence Relations of Cyclic Linear Logics
Authors: Płaczek Paweł
Published: April 2024

Linear Logic is a versatile framework with diverse applications in computer science and mathematics. One intriguing fragment of Linear Logic is Multiplicative-Additive Linear Logic (MALL), which forms the exponential-free component of the larger framework. Modifying MALL, researchers have explored weaker logics such as Noncommutative MALL (Bilinear Logic, BL) and Cyclic MALL (CyMALL) to investigate variations in commutativity. In this paper, we focus on Cyclic Nonassociative Bilinear Logic (CyNBL), a variant that combines noncommutativity and nonassociativity. We introduce a sequent system for CyNBL, which includes an auxiliary system for incorporating nonlogical axioms. Notably, we establish the cut elimination property for CyNBL. Moreover, we establish the strong conservativeness of CyNBL over Full Nonassociative Lambek Calculus (FNL) without additive constants. The paper highlights that all proofs are constructed using syntactic methods, ensuring their constructive nature. We provide insights into constructing cut-free proofs and establishing a logical relationship between CyNBL and FNL.
Implementation Research at NHLBI: Methodological and Design Challenges and Lessons Learned from the DECIPHeR Initiative
Authors: Murray David M. , Heagerty Patrick , Troendle James , Lin Feng-Chang , Moyer Jonathan , Stevens June , Lytle Leslie , Zhang Xinzhi , Ilias Maliha , Masterson Mary Y. , Redmond Nicole , Tonwe Veronica , Clark Dave , Mensah George A.
Published: April 2024

NHLBI funded seven projects as part of the Disparities Elimination through Coordinated Interventions to Prevent and Control Heart and Lung Disease Risk (DECIPHeR) Initiative. They were expected to collaborate with community partners to (1) employ validated theoretical or conceptual implementation research frameworks, (2) include implementation research study designs, (3) include implementation measures as primary outcomes, and (4) inform our understanding of mediators and mechanisms of action of the implementation strategy. Several projects focused on late-stage implementation strategies that optimally and sustainably delivered two or more evidence-based multilevel interventions to reduce or eliminate cardiovascular and/or pulmonary health disparities and to improve population health in high-burden communities. Projects that were successful in the three-year planning phase transitioned to a 4-year execution phase. NHLBI formed a Technical Assistance Workgroup during the planning phase to help awardees refine study aims, strengthen research designs, detail analytic plans, and to use valid sample size methods. This paper highlights methodological and study design challenges encountered during this process. Important lessons learned included (1) the need for greater emphasis on implementation outcomes, (2) the need to clearly distinguish between intervention and implementation strategies in the protocol, (3) the need to address clustering due to randomization of groups or clusters, (4) the need to address the cross-classification that results when intervention agents work across multiple units of randomization in the same arm, (5) the need to accommodate time-varying intervention effects in stepped-wedge designs, and (6) the need for data-based estimates of the parameters required for sample size estimation.
Process of Engaging Community and Scientific Partners in the Development of the CIRCL-Chicago Study Protocol
Authors: Smith Justin D. , Carroll Allison J. , Sanuade Olutobi A. , Johnson Rebecca , Abramsohn Emily M. , Abbas Hiba , Ahmad Faraz S. , Eggleston Alice , Lazar Danielle , Lindau Stacy Tessler , McHugh Megan , Mohanty Nivedita , Philbin Sarah , Pinkerton El A. , Rosul Linda L. , Merle James L. , Tedla Yacob G. , Walunas Theresa L. , Davis Paris , Kho Abel
Published: April 2024

Objectives

Hypertension affects 1 in 3 adults in the United States and disproportionately affects African Americans. Kaiser Permanente demonstrated that a “bundle” of evidence-based interventions significantly increased blood pressure control rates. This paper describes a multiyear process of developing the protocol for a trial of the Kaiser bundle for implementation in under-resourced urban communities experiencing cardiovascular health disparities during the planning phase of this biphasic award (UG3/UH3).

Methods

The protocol was developed by a collaboration of faith-based community members, representatives from community health center practice-based research networks, and academic scientists with expertise in health disparities, implementation science, community-engaged research, social care interventions, and health informatics. Scientists from the National Institutes of Health and the other grantees of the Disparities Elimination through Coordinated Interventions to Prevent and Control Heart and Lung Disease Risk (DECIPHeR) Alliance also contributed to developing our protocol.

Results

The protocol is a hybrid type 3 effectiveness-implementation study using a parallel cluster randomized trial to test the impact of practice facilitation on implementation of the Kaiser bundle in community health centers compared with implementation without facilitation. A central strategy to the Kaiser bundle is to coordinate implementation via faith-based and other community organizations for recruitment and navigation of resources for health-related social risks.

Conclusions

The proposed research has the potential to improve identification, diagnosis, and control of blood pressure among under-resourced communities by connecting community entities and healthcare organizations in new ways. Faith-based organizations are a trusted voice in African American communities that could be instrumental for eliminating disparities.
Early Findings from Evaluation of Systemic Action Research in Kangaba, Mali
Authors: Hicks Jacqueline , Dioma Alamoussa , Apgar Marina , Keita Fatoumata
Published: April 2024

This paper presents early findings from evaluation research embedded in a community-driven peace-building project implemented in Mali. Called the ‘Vestibule of Peace’, the project uses Systemic Action Research (SAR) to first support diverse members of selected local communities to collect and analyse life stories through mapping the systemic drivers of conflict. This causal analysis then motivates the generation of collective solutions to selected drivers through facilitated action research groups (ARGs). The SAR approach as an alternative, participatory approach to peace-building aims to engage and empower local actors to build their agency as they define and negotiate innovative pathways to achieve everyday peace. The overarching evaluation design of the Vestibule of Peace project uses contribution analysis as its overarching approach, with multiple methods exploring specific ‘causal hotspots’. This paper presents the results of in-depth case studies of ARGs as part of the SAR approach in the Kangaba region in Mali. This is one method used within the contribution analysis design which aims to describe the context, mechanisms, and dynamics of a selection of ARGs. The data sources come from documentation of the ARG processes by ARG members and project staff, interviews and reflection sessions with the participants and facilitators. After describing the internal processes of the groups, the paper then draws together a contribution narrative to share comparative findings of how the ARG processes worked for whom in what context.
Improving the Care of Hip Fracture Patients Through Orthogeriatrics
Authors: Alves Mariana , Duque Sofia
Published: April 2024

N/a.
Essays in Industrial and Political Economics
Authors:   , Bruckner Dominik
Published: April 2024

This cumulative dissertation contains three articles. The first article concerns the small but growing sub-field of Contest Theory, i.e., Game Theory applied to contests. The key question addressed here is the optimal design of a primary, i.e., the competition within a political party. The second article looks at firms’ decision to disclose relevant product information or to remain silent when consumers are not perfectly rational, e.g., when they are inattentive. In the third article, I analyze the broader picture of the links between secondary (used) and primary (new) markets. All topics cover competition between economic agents; whether in a contest, a seller-buyer relationship or the broader perspective of multiple economic agents buying and selling products across different markets. In the first article, the individuals’ degree of rationality plays a minor role, i.e., individuals are assumed to be perfectly rational. In the remaining articles, the traditional modeling is extended by behavioural assumptions.
Avaliação da produção científica das universidades federais brasileiras indexadas na Scopus (2013 – 2022)
Authors: Lopes Arleson Eduardo Monte Palma , Almeida Oriana Trindade de
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A avaliação da produção científica em bases bibliográficas reconhecidas pela comunidade científica permite por meio de indicadores analisar as métricas de publicação de produtividade dos pesquisadores, universidades, países e citações. Objetivo: O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o comportado da produção científica das universidades federais pertencentes à região Sudeste e Norte no período de 2013 a 2022 na base bibliográfica Scopus. Metodologia: A metodologia foi feita considerando o procedimento técnico de estudo bibliométrico e abordagem quantitativa por meio das informações bibliográficas coletadas na Scopus. O critério de seleção das universidades foi por meio do Ranking Universitário Folha da Folha de São Paulo, o que resultou na seleção  da UFMG, UNIFESP (Sudeste), UFPA e UFAM (Norte). Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais e a UNIFESP apresentam números de publicações indexadas na Scopus superiores quando comparadas com as quantidades de publicações da UFPA e UFAM indexadas na Scopus. Dentre as universidades selecionadas, a UFMG apresentou em média 3.275,1 documentos indexados entre 2013 a 2022, enquanto a Universidade Federal do Amazonas obteve em média de 343 documentos indexados no período analisado. Em relação ao idioma dos documentos indexados na Scopus das universidades analisadas, observa-se uma concentração em inglês. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as discrepâncias do número de publicações indexadas na Scopus entre as universidades vinculam-se às disparidades da base técnica-científica entre as regiões brasileiras.
Algumas contribuições da perspectiva de gênero para a historiografia musical
Authors: Larsen Juliane
Published: April 2024

Este artigo abarca uma investigação bibliográfica que analisa a emergência de uma subárea no campo da pesquisa em música que envolve teorias de gênero e perspectivas feministas para a análise dos fenômenos musicais. Apresenta uma definição do conceito de gênero baseado em Joan Scott (2019) e Judith Butler (2019), e tem por objetivo apresentar possíveis contribuições do gênero como conceito e categoria de análise para a escrita da história da música no Brasil. As conclusões apontam para transformações na historiografia musical e nos currículos das disciplinas de História da Música das universidades brasileiras.
Defining the Minimal Long-Term Follow-Up Data Elements for Newborn Screening
Authors: Kellar-Guenther Yvonne , Barringer Lauren , Raboin Katherine , Nichols Ginger , Chou Kathy YF , Nguyen Kathy , Burke Amy R. , Fawbush Sandy , Meyer Joyal B. , Dorsey Morna , Brower Amy , Chan Kee , Lietsch Mei , Taylor Jennifer , Caggana Michele , Sontag Marci K.
Published: April 2024

Newborn screening (NBS) is hailed as a public health success, but little is known about long-term outcomes following a positive newborn screen. There has been difficulty gathering long-term follow-up (LTFU) data consistently, reliably, and with minimal effort. Six programs developed and tested a core set of minimal LTFU data elements. After an iterative data collection process and the development of a data collection tool, the group agreed on minimal LTFU data elements. The denominator captured all infants with an NBS diagnosis, accounting for children who moved or died prior to the follow-up year. They also agreed on three LTFU outcomes: if the child was still alive, had contact with a specialist, and received appropriate care specific to their diagnosis within the year. The six programs representing NBS public health programs, clinical providers, and research programs provided data across multiple NBS disorders. In 2022, 83.8% (563/672) of the children identified by the LTFU programs were alive and living in the jurisdiction; of those, 92.0% (518/563) saw a specialist, and 87.7% (494/563) received appropriate care. The core LTFU data elements can be applied as a foundation to address the impact of early diagnosis by NBS within and across jurisdictions.
A Novel Method to Characterize the Damping Capacity of EPDM/CIIR Blends Using Vibrating Rubber Balls
Authors: Liu Zhixin , Wang Kai , Wu Yongqiang , Zhang Hanxiao , Hao Tianyi , QI Hongyang , Liu Bosong
Published: April 2024

The rebound behaviors of rubber balls based on ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) / chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) blends were investigated systematically. A novel method was proposed to characterize the damping capacity of the EPDM/CIIR blends. The damping capacity can be represented by the rebound height of rubber balls, and lower rebound height corresponds to better damping capacity. A mathematical model expressed by an equation obtained through theoretical derivation has been proposed to predict the rebound height of the rubber balls. The energy dissipation rate (EDR) defined by the ratio of the height loss to the rebound time was proposed to further characterize the damping capacity. The EDR value shows the highest for the pure CIIR and lowest for the pure EPDM, showing a decrease trend with the increase of EPDM content in the rubber blends. By comparison one can obtain that the damping capacity of the EPDM/CIIR blends decreases with the decrease of external excitation, the conclusion of which plays a key role in the formulation design of viscoelastic damping rubber materials.
Changes of Central Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones during Pregnancy
Authors: Ilias Ioannis , Milionis Charalampos , Alexiou Maria , Michou Ekaterini , Karavasili Chrysi , Venaki Evangelia , Markou Kostas , Mamali Irene , Koukkou Eftychia
Published: April 2024

Introduction/Aim: Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones refers to the sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis to changes in circulating free thyroxine (fT4). The relationship between fT4 levels and iodine intake is complex. The aim of the present study was to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones in pregnancy against iodine intake.
Materials & Methods: One thousand one hundred two blood and urine samples were collected from pregnant women (with a mean age+SD of 30.4+4.6 years) during singleton pregnancies; women with known/diagnosed thyroid disease were excluded. Specifically, TSH & fT4 and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (UI) were measured in each trimester and at two months postpartum. The Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI) was calculated to assess central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. For the statistical analysis of TFQI by time period, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, while Pearson's correlation was used to assess TFQI versus UI.
Results: The mean TFQI index ranged from -0.06 (first trimester) to -0.07 (two months postpartum), while the corresponding UI was 141 and 172 μg/L, respectively. The TFQI-UI correlation was negative (Pearson r: -0.325, p: 0.04 and r: -0.399, p: 0.023), for UI values over 250 μg/L, in the first and the third trimester of pregnancy, respectively.
Discussion: TFQI is a new index reflecting central sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Lower TFQI indicates higher sensitivity to thyroid hormones. In our sample TFQI was inversely related to iodine intake, in the first trimester of pregnancy (the critical period of organogenesis) and the third trimester (the critical period of fetal growth). Thus, the observed changes in TFQI may reflect different ways of central action of thyroid hormones, according to the phase of pregnancy. The negative association between maternal TFQI (indicative of central sensitivity to thyroid hormone) and urine iodine levels during the third trimester of pregnancy may reflect the combined influence of maternal and fetal thyroid function. Our results are intriguing and have the potential to enhance our comprehension of the changes in the HPT axis’ function via variations in central sensitivity to thyroid hormones and its interplay with nutritional iodine status during pregnancy.
Non-dispersive Extraction of Chromium(VI) by Cyphos IL102/Solvesso 100 Using the Pseudo-Emulsion Based Strip Dispersion Membrane Operation
Authors: Alguacil Francisco Jose
Published: April 2024

The removal of chromium(VI) from acidic (HCl) medium through non-dispersive extraction with strip dispersion (NDXSD) was investigated using a microporous PVDF membrane support in a permeation cell. The ionic liquid Cyphos IL102 (phosphonium salt) in Solvesso 100 was used as organic phase. In NDXSD the stripping phase (NaOH) is dispersed in the organic phase in the cell side with an impeller stirrer adequate to form a strip dispersion. This pseudo-emulsion phase (organic + strip solutions) provides a constant supply of the Cyphos IL102/Solvesso 100 to the membrane phase. Various hydrodynamic and chemical parameters, such as variation in the feed and pseudo-emulsion stirring speeds, HCl and Cr(VI) concentrations in the feed phase, and carrier concentration, were investigated. From the experimental data, several mass transfer coefficients were estimated, as well as it was investigated the performance of the present system against other ionic liquids and the presence of base metals in the feed phase.
Learning Experiences and Didactic Needs of German Healthcare Professions: A Focus Group Study for the Design of Personalized Interprofessional Further Education in Dementia Healthcare
Authors: Stelter Marie Kathrin , Malek Manuela , Halek Margareta , Ehlers Jan Peter , Nitsche Julia
Published: April 2024

Considering the multifaceted nature of neurodegenerative diseases like dementia and the neces-sity for interprofessional knowledge, this research extends its scope to encompass professionals with diverse levels of training and experience in dementia care. A need analysis for the project “My INdividual Digital EDucation.RUHR” (MINDED.RUHR) is conducted to develop an au-tomatized recommender system for individual learning content using AI. In this sub-study, the aim was to reveal didactic specialties, knowledge gaps and structural challenges of further edu-cation in dementia care of different health professions and to derive learning preference personae. Eight focus group interviews among nine health professions and up to six participants (n = 34) each took place to survey distinct didactic experiences and learning needs. The results reflect various learning preferences, with a propensity to multimedia, practical and interactive tasks. Health professions are used to digital education but show aversions against certain e-learning formats. The derived learning preference personae constitute profound blueprints for a us-er-centred digital education design process, aiming to establish personalized and representative further education in dementia care applicable to various individual preferences and structural workplace challenges of healthcare professions.
Therapeutic Effects of Plant Anthocyanin Against Alzheimer’s Disease and Modulate Gut Health, Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Authors: Bayazid Al Borhan , Lim Beong Ou
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and neurogenerative diseases (NDDs), which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The number of AD patients is over 55 million according to 2020 Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) and the number is increasing drastically without any effective cure. In this review, we discuss and analyze the potential role of anthocyanins (ACNs) against AD with understanding the molecular mechanisms. ACNs have been reported as having neuroprotective effects by mitigating cognitive impairments, apoptotic markers, neuroinflammation, aberrant amyloidogenesis, and tauopathy. Taken together, ACNs could be the therapeutic agent for combating or delaying the onset of AD.
Simple Histogram Equalization Technique Improves Performance of VGG models on Facial Emotion Recognition Datasets
Authors: Chowdhury Jaher Hassan , Liu Qian , Ramanna Sheela
Published: April 2024

Facial Emotion Recognition (FER) is crucial across psychology, neuroscience, computer vision, and machine learning due to the diversified and subjective nature of emotions, varying considerably across individuals, cultures, and contexts. This paper investigates the impact of histogram equalization, data augmentation and model optimization strategies on three well-known FER datasets using pre-trained VGG models. Additionally, this paper showcases the effectiveness of different regularization techniques, callbacks, and learning schedulers in enhancing model performance by conducting extensive experiments. The model evaluation is discussed in terms of the following metrics: Accuracy, Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC), Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUC-PRC), and Weighted F1 score. Notably, the fine-tuned VGG models exhibit state-of-the-art performance compared to more complex conventional transfer learning models resulting in accuracies of 100%, 95.92%, and 69.65% on the CK+, KDEF, and FER2013 datasets, respectively.
Extreme Tolerance of Extraocular Muscles to Diseases and Aging: Why and How?
Authors: Titova Angelina , Nikolaev Sergey , Bilyalov Airat , Filatov Nikita , Brovkin Sergei , Shestakov Dmitrii , Khatkov Igor , Pismennaya Ekaterina , Bondarev Vyacheslav , Antyuxina Margarita , Shagimardanova Elena , Bodunova Natalia , Gusev Oleg
Published: April 2024

The extraocular muscles (EOMs) possess unique characteristics that set them apart from other skeletal muscles. These muscles, responsible for eye movements, exhibit remarkable resistance to various muscular dystrophies and aging, presenting a significant contrast to the vulnerability of skeletal muscles to these conditions. In this review, we delve into the cellular and molecular underpinnings of the distinct properties of EOMs. We explore their structural complexity, highlighting differences in fiber types, innervation patterns, and developmental origins. Notably, EOM fibers express a diverse array of myosin heavy chain isoforms, retaining embryonic forms into adulthood. Moreover, their motor innervation is characterized by a high ratio of nerve fibers to muscle fibers and the presence of unique neuromuscular junctions. These features contribute to the specialized functions of EOMs, including rapid and precise eye movements. Understanding the mechanisms behind the resilience of EOMs to disease and aging may offer insights into potential therapeutic strategies for treating muscular dystrophies and myopathies affecting other skeletal muscles.
Peptide-Purified Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Autoantibodies Have Inhibitory Effect on Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Day Charlotte , Silva John-Paul , Munro Rebecca , Mullier Brice , André Véronique Marie , Wolff Christian , Stephens Gary John , Bithell Angela
Published: April 2024

Recent studies, typically using patient cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), have suggested that different autoantibodies (Aabs) acting on their respective receptors, may underlie neuropsychiatric disorders. The NR1 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been identified as a target of anti-NMDAR Aabs in a number of central nervous system (CNS) diseases including encephalitis and autoimmune epilepsy. However, the role or the nature of Aabs responsible for effects on neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity is yet to be established fully. Patient-derived anti-NMDAR Aabs have been shown to bind to specific regions within the NR1 subunit; here, peptide immunisation was used to generate Aabs against selected specific NR1 extracellular sequences. ‘Protein A’ purification was used to obtain total IgG and further peptide purification used to obtain a greater percentage of NMDAR-target specific IgG Aabs. Binding and specificity of these anti-NMDAR Aabs was determined using a range of methodologies including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Functional effects were determined using different in vitro electrophysiology techniques: two-electrode voltage-clamp in Xenopus oocytes and measures of long-term potentiation (LTP) in ex vivo hippocampal brain slices using multi-electrode arrays. We show that anti-NMDAR Aabs generated from peptide immunisation had specificity for NR1 immunisation peptides as well as target-specific binding to the native protein. Anti-NMDAR Aabs had no clear effect on isolated NMDARs in an oocyte expression system. However, we show that peptide-purified anti-NMDAR Aabs prevented the induction of LTP at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in ex vivo brain slices. Our data demonstrate that anti-NMDAR Aabs cause synaptic NMDAR hypofunction at a network level. This work provides a solid basis to address outstanding questions regarding anti-NMDAR Aabs mechanisms of action and, potentially, development of therapies against CNS diseases.
FEDSTR: Money-In AI-Out | A Decentralized Marketplace for Federated Learning and LLM Training on the NOSTR Protocol
Authors: Nikolakakis Konstantinos , Chantzialexiou George , Kalogerias Dionysis
Published: April 2024

The NOSTR is a communication protocol for the social web, based on the w3c websockets standard. Although it is still in its infancy, it is well known as a social media protocol, thousands of trusted users and multiple user interfaces, offering a unique experience and enormous capabilities. To name a few, the NOSTR applications include but are not limited to direct messaging, file sharing, audio/video streaming, collaborative writing, blogging and data processing through distributed AI directories. In this work, we propose an approach that builds upon the existing protocol structure with end goal a decentralized marketplace for federated learning and LLM training. In this proposed design there are two parties: on one side there are customers who provide a dataset that they want to use for training an AI model. On the other side, there are service providers, who receive (parts of) the dataset, train the AI model, and for a payment as an exchange, they return the optimized AI model. The decentralized and censorship resistant features of the NOSTR enable the possibility of designing a fair and open marketplace for training AI models and LLMs.
Predictive Factors Associated with Future Decline in Swallowing Function among Japanese Older People Aged ≥ 75 Years
Authors: Iwai Komei , Azuma Tetsuji , Yonenaga Takatoshi , Sasai Yasuyuki , Komatsu Yoshinari , Tabata Koichiro , Nomura Taketsugu , Sugiura Iwane , Inagawa Yujo , Matsumoto Yusuke , Nakashima Seiji , Abe Yoshikazu , Tomofuji Takaaki
Published: April 2024

Predictive factors associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were examined in 3,409 Japanese older people aged ≥ 75 years who had undergone a dental checkup in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Participants with normal swallowing function in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed for 2 years. Swallowing function was assessed by a repetitive saliva swallowing test. After 2 years, 429 participants (13%) who could not swallow at least three times in 30 seconds were diagnosed as having a decline in swallowing function. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the decline in swallowing function after 2 years was associated with male gender (odds ratio [ORs]: 0.772; 95% confidence interval [CIs]: 0.615–0.969), age ≥ 81 years (presence; ORs: 1.523; 95% CIs: 1.224–1.895), support/care-need certification (presence; ORs: 1.815; 95% CIs: 1.361–2.394), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm (presence; ORs: 1.469; 95% CIs: 1.163–1.856), difficulty in biting hard food (yes; ORs: 1.439; 95% CIs: 1.145–1.808), choking on tea and water (yes; ORs: 2.543; 95% CIs: 2.025–3.193), and dry mouth (yes; ORs: 1.316; 95% CIs: 1.052–1.646) at baseline. Therefore, the dental checkup items associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were a PPD ≥ 4 mm, difficulty in biting hard food, choking on tea and water, and dry mouth. PPD status and confirming to the self-administered questionnaire about biting, choking, and dry mouth may be useful in predicting future decline in swallowing function.
Enhancing Multimodal Emotion Recognition through Attention Mechanisms in BERT and CNN Architectures
Authors: Makhmudov Fazliddin , Kultimuratov Alpamis , Cho Young-Im
Published: April 2024

Emotion detection holds significant importance in facilitating human-computer interaction, enhancing the depth of engagement. By integrating this capability, we pave the way for forthcoming AI technologies to possess a blend of cognitive and emotional understanding, bridging the divide between machine functionality and human emotional complexity. This progress has the potential to reshape how machines perceive and respond to human emotions, ushering in an era of empathetic and intuitive artificial systems. This paper introduces a novel approach to multimodal emotion recognition, seamlessly integrating speech and text modalities to accurately infer emotional states. Employing CNNs, we meticulously analyze speech using Mel spectrograms, while a BERT-based model processes the textual component, leveraging its bidirectional layers for profound semantic comprehension. The outputs from both modalities are combined using an attention-based fusion mechanism that optimally weighs their contributions. The proposed method undergoes meticulous testing on two distinct datasets: Carnegie Mellon University’s Multimodal Opinion Sentiment and Emotion Intensity (CMU-MOSEI) dataset and the Multimodal Emotion Lines Dataset (MELD). The results demonstrate superior efficacy compared to existing frameworks, achieving an accuracy of 88.4% and an F1-score of 87.9% on the CMU-MOSEI dataset, and a notable weighted accuracy (WA) of 67.81% and a weighted F1 (WF1) score of 66.32% on the MELD dataset. This comprehensive system offers precise emotion detection and introduces several significant advancements in the field.
Motion Simulation of Landslides Triggered by Earthquakes Using LS-RAPID Program
Authors: RONG ZHOU
Published: April 2024

Earthquake-triggered landslides are one of the most significant hazards worldwide. These landslides, involving small or large volumes, can develop in debris flow or avalanche with high mobility and long-runout distance. The motion processes of this kind of landslide also quite complicated. This study reproduced the motion processes of two landslides using the LS-RAPID program. The Aso Bridge landslide occurred on April 16, 2016, with rapid and long-runout distance characteristics. The Kataragai landslide occurred on April 9, 2018, travelling with flow-like behavior. Through field investigations and laboratory experiments, features and mechanical parameters of these two landslides were obtained. In the LS-RAPID program, the pre-failure models and motion processes of these two landslides were established and reproduced. Results indicated that sliding speed and travelling morphology at different intervals were considered as two indicators to describe their motion process. However, while sliding speed of these two landslides have significant differences with sliding speeds of actual landslides, the final morphologies after failure were consistent with those observed in the field investigation.
Merits of Multi-Indicator Precautionary Approach Management in a Male-Only Crab Fishery
Authors: Mullowney Darrell , Baker Krista , Pantin Julia , Coffey William , Lefort Kyle , Morrissey Katie
Published: April 2024

Snow crab replaced groundfish fisheries as the primary focus of the Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) fishing industry in the mid-1990s. Over the past three decades, management philosophies in this male-only fishery have shifted from promoting industry expansion to promoting industry rationalization to implementing Precautionary Approach (PA) management. Until the mid-2010s, there were regionalized management strategies characterized by higher exploitation rates in northern than southern sub-stock units along the NL marine shelves. However, in the late 2010s, exploitation rates were permitted to elevate to high levels across the entire stock range in association with a large resource decline and evidence of biological harm through fishing emerged in chronically depleted areas. In 2019, when stock and fishery productivity were near historic lows, a multi-indicator PA system was informally introduced into management of the resource. This event coincided with anticipated improvements in stock and fishery performance. This paper examines the extent to which the multi-indicator PA management system, focused on promotion of both biological protection and maximization of fishing efficiency, may have contributed to recent improvements in stock and fishery status. A suite of indicators from areas implementing PA guidance into management in 2019 prior to formal adoption of the PA system in 2023 suggest the system has been highly beneficial in promoting rapid recovery, improving stock and fishery performance metrics to levels matching or exceeding historic levels under similar conditions. We discuss capacity of the system to better safeguard biological aspects of resource and fisheries productivity moving forward under a scenario of an expectant resource decline.
Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.): Review of Ecological Insights, Forest Management Strategies, and Climate Change Impact on European Forests
Authors: Bledý Michal , Vacek Stanislav , Brabec Pavel , Vacek Zdeněk , Cukor Jan , Černý Jakub , Ševčík Richard , Brynychová Kateřina
Published: April 2024

The silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is among the most valuable conifers in Europe for ecological and economic reasons. In the course of history, primarily in the 20th century, its share in stands has been declining due to ill-suited management practices, especially clear-cut management, air pollution, and wildlife-induced damage. Based on recent knowledge of fir ecology and population dynamics, small-scale shelterwood and selection management have been introduced in fir stands, which have also stabilized them. Fir is an essential species for maintaining high stability and biodiversity, especially on planosols and in waterlogged habitats. Due to its shade tolerance and environmental flexibility, particularly at higher altitudes, it can coexist very well with many tree species in mixtures, which can increase the productive potential of stands. It can form stands of heterogeneous structure, ranging from single to multi-layer to selection. For its successful natural regeneration, it is essential to reduce cloven-hoofed game and thus prevent bud browsing damage. On the other hand, fir is a species relatively resistant to bark stripping and the spread of secondary rot compared to Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). During global climate change, fir is expected to shift to higher elevations with sufficient precipitation, while in the southern part of its natural range or at lower elevations, outside water-influenced habitats, it is likely to decline. This paper essentially reviews the description and distribution of the species, its ecological requirements, threats and diseases, habitat and stand conditions, and close-to-nature forest management practices with emphasis on ongoing climate change.
Orthologs of NOX5 and EC-SOD/SOD3: dNox and dSod3 Impact Egg Hardening Process and Egg Laying in Reproductive Function of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Steinmetz Eva Louise Louise , Scherer Annika , Calvet Célestine , Müller Uli
Published: April 2024

The occurrence of ovarian dysfunction is often due to the imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the (in)effectiveness of the antioxidative defense mechanisms. Primary sources of ROS are the respiratory electron transfer and the activity of NADPH oxidases (NOX), while Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are the main key reg-ulators that control the levels of ROS and reactive nitrogen species intra- and extracel-lularly. Because of their central role, SODs are the subject of research on human ovarian dysfunction, but the sample acquisition is low. The high degree of cellular and molecular similarity between Drosophila melanogaster ovaries and human ovaries provides this model organism with the best conditions for analyzing the role of ROS during ovarian function. In this study, we clarify the localization of the ROS producing enzyme dNox within ovaries of Drosophila melanogaster and by a tissue specific knockdown, we show that dNox derived ROS are involved in the chorion hardening process. Furthermore, we analyze the dSod3 localization and show that reduced activity of dSod3 impacts egg laying behavior, but not the chorion hardening process.
Demographic Characteristics of an Expanding Iberian Wild Goat Population in Southern Pyrenees, Spain
Authors: Herrero Juan , García-Serrano Alicia , Prada Carlos , García-González Ricardo
Published: April 2024

The escape and establishment of Iberian wild goats, Capra pyrenaica, from an enclosure in the 1990s marked the beginning of the recovery of the species in the Pyrenees. This population has occupied part of the Prepyrenees and has contacted another population reintroduced in France since 2014. It coexists with other wild ungulates, including the feral and domestic goats Capra hircus that has been living free since the 1960s. Today it’s the largest Iberian wild goat Pyrenean population. Between 2006 and 2022 we monitored the population and its expansion based on vantage points, itineraries and testimonies. The results indicate: (i) a population, of uncertain genetic origin, in numerical (15% average annual growth) and areal expansion, with the capacity to connect with other populations; (ii) an estimate of at least 500 individuals; (iii) in the process of expansion in contact with Iberian wild goats from France; (iv) sympatry with feral and domestic goat population in its main nucleus whose estimate exceeds 2000 specimens and (v) hybridization with feral and domestic goats. In 2022 sustainable hunt started with a hunting quota of 20 individuals. Genetic characterization and the establishment of an international coordinated monitoring are two of the current priorities.
Get Free Copy: A Multi-Repository Search Platform for Biomedical Publications
Authors: Kosimkhujaev Nodir , Huang Kuan-lin
Published: April 2024

We introduce Get Free Copy (getfreecopy.com), a web-based platform designed to streamline the search for biomedical literature across major repositories like arXiv, bioRxiv, medRxiv, and PubMed Central (PMC). Addressing challenges posed by paywalls and fragmented databases, it offers a unified interface for efficient retrieval of free, legitimate copies of biomedical literature. The platform's implementation involves a Node.js backend and dynamic front-end display, enhancing accessibility and research efficiency. As an open-source project, Get Free Copy represents a significant contribution to the open-access movement, inviting global researcher collaboration for further development.
GPTs or Grim Position Threats? The Potential Impacts of Large Language Models on Non-Managerial Jobs and Certifications in Cybersecurity
Authors: Nowrozy Raza
Published: April 2024

ChatGPT, a Large Language Model (LLM) utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP), has caused concerns about its impact on job sectors, including cybersecurity. In this study, we assessed ChatGPT’s impacts in non-managerial cybersecurity roles using the NICE Framework and Technological Displacement theory. We also explored its potential in passing top cybersecurity certification exams. Findings revealed ChatGPT’s promise in streamlining some jobs, especially those requiring memorization. Moreover, we highlighted ChatGPT’s challenges and limitations, such as ethical implications, LLM limitations, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) security. The study suggests that LLMs like ChatGPT could transform the cybersecurity landscape, causing job losses, skill obsolescence, labor market shifts, and mixed socioeconomic impacts. We recommend a shift in focus from memorization to critical thinking, and collaboration between LLM developers and cybersecurity professionals.
Comparison of Breast Sensibility Following Breast Reconstruction With Two Different Techniques: DIEP Flap and Expander/Implant
Authors: Tadimi Tazi Soraya
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Breast sensibility following reconstruction surgery, though often overlooked, holds significant importance due to its widespread occurrence and profound effects on patients’ well-being and safety. Our objective is to compare the sensory outcomes between DIEP flap microsurgery reconstruction and implant-based reconstruction. Additionally, we explored the potential influence of sociodemographic and clinical factors on sensory recovery, along with assessing temperature discrimination abilities and evaluating quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted an ambispective descriptive-analytical study, involving women who underwent mastectomy with reconstruction using either DIEP flap and implants at our hospital between 1990 and 2021. Data were collected from medical records, patient histories, physical examination, and validated quality of life questionnaires (BREAST-Q). RESULTS: A total of 99 women with breast reconstruction were included, 47 with DIEP flap and 52 with implants. Sensory recovery in implant-based reconstruction was found to be superior to DIEP flap reconstruction (5.03 and 5.18 respectively, p-value <0.005). A direct correlation was observed between sensory improvement and thermal discrimination (Spearman coefficient 0.9, p-value <0.001). Factors such as radiotherapy, delayed reconstruction with DIEP flap, and height with implants were associated with poorer sensory recovery in the breast. Women experiencing better breast sensibility reported higher satisfaction with their surgeon, medical team, and psychosocial quality of life. CONCLUSION: Women reconstructed with implants or DIEP abdominal flap exhibit suboptimal overall sensory recovery of the reconstructed breast, with slightly better outcomes observed in women reconstructed with implants.
Inheritance of Mitochondria in Pelargonium Section Ciconium (Sweet) Interspecific Crosses
Authors: Breman Floris C. , Korver Joost , Snijder Ronald , Schranz Eric , Bakker Freek T.
Published: April 2024

We have studied the inheritance of mitochondria in Pelargonium section Ciconium using interspecific crosses. We generated 36 different interspecific crosses. We designed KAPS markers targeting four individual mitochondrial markers, belonging to the four main crossing parents, that discriminate between an individual species and the other section Ciconium species. We found that maternal inheritance of mitochondria is most frequent, but we find occasional occurrences of paternal inheritance, while biparental inheritance is rare. For the P. multibracteatum crossing series we found ambiguous results. Our results confirm what was found before, namely that paternal inheritance of mitochondria can occur in P. sect Ciconium but that the instance is rare and much less common than is the case for chloroplasts.
泰国不同行业中文学习者的学习策略分析
Authors: Woraditnitiwaraatorn Nawanan
Published: April 2024

At present, Chinese language has become one of the languages with the largest number of learners worldwide. Learners are no longer confined to schools, but also include professionals from all walks of life. However, due to the different learning objectives of practitioners in different industries, they attach different importance to language skills, which leads to their different learning strategies. This study focuses on interviewing Thai Chinese learners from different industries to investigate their strategies to improve their Chinese language level in the professional environment. In this study, interviews and questionnaires were used to investigate Chinese learners in different industries in Thailand, in order to understand the learning strategies they adopted in their professional background. The results show that the participants generally recognize the importance of mastering specific language skills in their own professional fields, and the learning strategies they choose are closely related to their occupations. The research results are expected to provide useful information for the field of Chinese teaching, especially in the teaching of Chinese vocational education, which has been widely increasing attention in recent years.
Psicología y suicidio
Authors: Gordillo Castillo Graciela
Published: April 2024

La importancia de visualizar al suicidio desde diferentes aristas, replanteando algunos de los estigmas depositados en él, preguntar si se trata de una competencia como sociedad su abordaje y comprensión antes de intentar su prevención y conocer parte del trabajo del psicoterapeuta en el acompañamiento con el paciente suicida.
Dismantling and Reconstruction of Public Policies in Brazil: From Bolsonaro’s Destruction to the Possibilities of Union to Rebuild
Authors: Fernandes Antonio Sergio , Teixeira Marco Antonio , Zuccolotto Robson , Nascimento Alex Bruno , Bonelli Francesco
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the Brazilian political situation with a focus on the dismantling of public policy that occurred during the government of President Jair Bolsonaro between 2019 and 2022. It also focuses on the possibility that emerged with the election of President Lula da Silva in October 2022 of rebuilding politics and the Brazilian state. The study seeks to demonstrate how the Brazilian state was dismantled, jeopardizing the provision of public policies that guarantee the social, political, and human rights enshrined in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution.
Full-Endoscopic Discectomy and Debridement for Iatrogenic Spondylodiscitis After a Lumbar Peritoneal Shunt
Authors: Huang Chien-Li , Huang Jiun-Yi , Chen Chien-Min , Lee Jae Hwan
Published: April 2024

Lumbar peritoneal shunt (LPS) is the standard treatment for nonobstructive hydrocephalus. Shunt infection, overdrainage, bleeding, and cerebrospinal fluid leaks have been reported as LPS complications. We present a 70-year-old man who developed iatrogenic spondylodiscitis 2 weeks after LPS placement, experiencing severe back pain and neurological deficits. Despite the empiric antibiotics, his symptoms persisted. The patient underwent fully endoscopic debridement and drainage (FEDD) to address the infection without LPS removal. After the procedure, the patient experienced a significant reduction in pain. Even though pathogen cultures were negative, the empiric antibiotic treatment continued for 6 full weeks. The patient was able to ambulate with a thoracolumbar orthosis due to the lumbar kyphotic deformity. FEDD, in conjunction with effective antibiotics, offers rapid pain relief and functional improvement in iatrogenic spondylodiscitis, even with LPS placement. However, FEDD may not correct spinal deformities and is unsuitable for advanced spinal disease or instability. Early detection of spondylodiscitis is crucial for improved outcomes.
WITHDRAWN: Emotion Detection in Arabic Short Text: A Deep-Learning Approach
Authors: Aljwari* Fatima , Zamzami Nuha
Published: April 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.