bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of an Unfamiliar Accent on Typically Developing Children’s Comprehension of Spoken Sentences
Authors: Allen Éadaoin , O’Leary Deirdre , Gibbon Fiona E.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To investigate whether children’s performance on a sentence comprehension task is affected when sentences are spoken in an unfamiliar accent. Method: Participants were 47 typically developing children living in southern Ireland consisting of a younger group (n=24) of 4-year-olds and an older group (n=23) of 6-year-olds. The children completed a sentence comprehension task in which half the instructions were spoken in a familiar accent and half in an unfamiliar accent. Sentences were matched for length and syntactic complexity. Main results: The younger group’s scores were significantly lower when sentences were presented in the unfamiliar accent, but there was no effect of accent on comprehension for children in the older group. Conclusions: For young children living in southern Ireland, an unfamiliar accent could reduce their comprehension of spoken language.
Speech and Language Therapy Students’ Perspectives on Ethical Dilemmas
Authors: Power Martin , Leonard Rachel
Published: June 2021

Objective: Ethical dilemmas continue to be an extremely complex area of health and social care practice and concerns have been expressed that ethics teaching is often not sufficiently adequate in preparing students. A particular criticism has been that didactic teaching methods privilege the assessment of knowledge over assessment of the ability to apply that knowledge. In response, a range of approaches to teaching ethics have been proposed. This study investigated the use of an innovative online platform – the Values-Exchange™(VX™) – to explore the manner in which speech and language therapy students approached cases focused on an ethical dilemma, which they are likely to encounter in practice. Method: Participants (n=37) were Year Two and Year Four students enrolled on a four-year BSc Speech and Language Therapy programme, who completed two case studies through the VX™. Main results: The results indicate that Year Two students tended toward an absolutist approach, while Year Four students appreciated the nuances of the ethical considerations that practitioners must grapple with. Conclusion: The encouraging of peer-learning across programme years and the incorporating of opportunities for help-seeking may contribute to reducing absolutist approaches, and online platforms such as the VX™ may prove useful for collaboration and structured reflection.
The Review of Communal Rights on Geographical Indications: Communal Standpoint as Constraints to Legal Protection
Authors: Simanjuntak Yoan Nursari
Published: June 2021

This study analyzed the protection of Geographical Indications on Trademarks and Geographical Indications is regulated in Law Number 20 of 2016. However, as a communal right, Geographical Indications are quite unique. Not only the stages of the process, such as production process, organization, and quality assurance, are quite complex, but also their process requires key conditions, such as, the awareness and the willingness from the local community to protect the local Geographical Indications. When the idea of protecting Geographical Indications is met with resistance from the local community, the communal entitlement to the Geographical Indications needs to be questioned.
Incremental text categorization based on hybrid optimization-based deep belief neural network
Authors: Srilakshmi V. , Anuradha K. , Shoba Bindu C.
Published: June 2021

One of the effective text categorization methods for learning the large-scale data and the accumulated data is incremental learning. The major challenge in the incremental learning is improving the accuracy as the text document consists of numerous terms. In this research, a incremental text categorization method is developed using the proposed Spider Grasshopper Crow Optimization Algorithm based Deep Belief Neural network (SGrC-based DBN) for providing optimal text categorization results. The proposed text categorization method has four processes, such as are pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, text categorization, and incremental learning. Initially, the database is pre-processed and fed into vector space model for the extraction of features. Once the features are extracted, the feature selection is carried out based on mutual information. Then, the text categorization is performed using the proposed SGrC-based DBN method, which is developed by the integration of the spider monkey optimization (SMO) with the Grasshopper Crow Optimization Algorithm (GCOA) algorithm. Finally, the incremental text categorization is performed based on the hybrid weight bounding model that includes the SGrC and Range degree and particularly, the optimal weights of the Range degree model is selected based on SGrC. The experimental result of the proposed text categorization method is performed by considering the data from the Reuter database and 20 Newsgroups database. The comparative analysis of the text categorization method is based on the performance metrics, such as precision, recall and accuracy. The proposed SGrC algorithm obtained a maximum accuracy of 0.9626, maximum precision of 0.9681 and maximum recall of 0.9600, respectively when compared with the existing incremental text categorization methods.
DBWGIE-MR: A density-based clustering algorithm by using the weighted grid and information entropy based on MapReduce
Authors: Yu Xin , Zeng Feng , Mwakapesa Deborah Simon , Nanehkaran Y.A. , Mao Yi-Min , Xu Kai-Bin , Chen Zhi-Gang
Published: June 2021

The main target of this paper is to design a density-based clustering algorithm using the weighted grid and information entropy based on MapReduce, noted as DBWGIE-MR, to deal with the problems of unreasonable division of data gridding, low accuracy of clustering results and low efficiency of parallelization in big data clustering algorithm based on density. This algorithm is implemented in three stages: data partitioning, local clustering, and global clustering. For each stage, we propose several strategies to improve the algorithm. In the first stage, based on the spatial distribution of data points, we propose an adaptive division strategy (ADG) to divide the grid adaptively. In the second stage, we design a weighted grid construction strategy (NE) which can strengthen the relevance between grids to improve the accuracy of clustering. Meanwhile, based on the weighted grid and information entropy, we design a density calculation strategy (WGIE) to calculate the density of the grid. And last, to improve the parallel efficiency, core clusters computing algorithm based on MapReduce (COMCORE-MR) are proposed to parallel compute the core clusters of the clustering algorithm. In the third stage, based on disjoint-set, we propose a core cluster merging algorithm (MECORE) to speed-up ratio the convergence of merged local clusters. Furthermore, based on MapReduce, a core clusters parallel merging algorithm (MECORE-MR) is proposed to get the clustering algorithm results faster, which improves the core clusters merging efficiency of the density-based clustering algorithm. We conduct the experiments on four synthetic clusters. Compared with H-DBSCAN, DBSCAN-MR and MR-VDBSCAN, the experimental results show that the DBWGIE-MR algorithm has higher stability and accuracy, and it takes less time in parallel clustering.
An effective motion object detection using adaptive background modeling mechanism in video surveillance system
Authors: Kalli SivaNagiReddy , Suresh T. , Prasanth A. , Muthumanickam T. , Mohanram K.
Published: June 2021

Automatic moving object detection has gained increased research interest due to its widespread applications like security provision, traffic monitoring, and various types of anomalies detection, etc. In the video surveillance system, the video is processed for the detection of motion objects in a step-by-step process. However, the detection has become complex and less effective due to various complex constraints. To obtain an effective performance in the detection of motion objects, this research work focuses to develop an automatic motion object detection system based on the statistical properties of video and supervised learning. In this paper, a novel Background Modeling mechanism is proposed with the help of a Biased Illumination Field Fuzzy C-means algorithm to detect the moving objects more accurately. Here, the non-stationary pixels are separated from stationary pixels through the Background Subtraction. Afterward, the Biased Illumination Field Fuzzy C-means approach has accomplished to improve the segmentation accuracy through clustering under noise and varying illumination conditions. The performance of the proposed algorithm compared with conventional methods in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F- measure.
User experience evaluation method based on online product reviews
Authors: Cheng Fangmin , Yu Suihuai , Qin Shengfeng , Chu Jianjie , Chen Jian
Published: June 2021

Evaluating the quality of the user experience (UX) of existing products is important for new product development. Conventional UX evaluation methods, such as questionnaire, have the disadvantages of the great subjective influence of investigators and limited number of participants. Meanwhile, online product reviews on e-commerce platforms express user evaluations of product UX. Because the reviews objectively reflect the user opinions and contain a large amount of data, they have potential as an information source for UX evaluation. In this context, this study explores how to evaluate product UX through using online product reviews. A pilot study is conducted to define the key elements of a review. Then, a systematic method of product UX evaluation based on reviews is proposed. The method includes three parts: extraction of key elements, integration of key elements, and quantitative evaluation based on rough number. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a case study using reviews of a wireless vacuum cleaner. Based on the proposed method, designers can objectively evaluate the UX quality of existing products and obtain detailed suggestions for product improvement.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Shows Differences Between Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 and Type 2
Authors: Rehmann R. , Schneider-Gold C. , Froeling M. , Güttsches A.K. , Rohm M. , Forsting J. , Vorgerd M. , Schlaffke L.
Published: June 2021

Background: Myotonic Dystrophies type 1 and type 2 are hereditary myopathies with dystrophic muscle degeneration in varying degrees. Differences in muscle diffusion between both diseases have not been evaluated yet. Objective: To evaluate the ability of muscle diffusion tensor imaging (mDTI) and Dixon fat-quantification to distinguish between Myotonic Dystrophy (DM) type 1 and type 2 and if both diseases show distinct muscle involvement patterns. Methods: We evaluated 6 thigh and 7 calf muscles (both legs) of 10 DM 1, 13 DM 2 and 28 healthy controls (HC) with diffusion tensor imaging, T1w and mDixonquant sequences in a 3T MRI scanner. The quantitative mDTI-values axial diffusivity (λ1), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as fat-fraction were analysed. CTG-triplet repeat-length of DM 1 patients was correlated with diffusion metrics and fat-fraction. Results: mDTI showed significant differences between DM 1 and DM 2 vs. healthy controls in diffusion parameters of the thigh (all p < 0.001) except for FA (p = 0.0521 / 0.8337). In calf muscles mDTI showed significant differences between DM 1 and DM 2 patients (all p < 0.0001) as well as between DM 1 patients and controls (all p = 0.0001). Thigh muscles had a significant higher fat-fraction in both groups vs. controls (p < 0.05). There was no correlation of CTG triplet length with mDTI values and fat-fraction. Discussion: mDTI reveals specific changes of the diffusion parameters and fat-fraction in muscles of DM 1 and DM 2 patients. Thus, the quantitative MRI methods presented in this study provide a powerful tool in differential diagnosis and follow-up of DM 1 and DM 2, however, the data must be validated in larger studies.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Regulators: New Drug Targets for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kovaleva Vera , Saarma Mart
Published: June 2021

Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathology involves progressive degeneration and death of vulnerable dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. Extensive axonal arborization and distinct functions make this type of neurons particularly sensitive to homeostatic perturbations, such as protein misfolding and Ca2+ dysregulation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cell compartment orchestrating protein synthesis and folding, as well as synthesis of lipids and maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. When misfolded proteins start to accumulate in ER lumen the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated. UPR is an adaptive signaling machinery aimed at relieving of protein folding load in the ER. When UPR is chronic, it can either boost neurodegeneration and apoptosis or cause neuronal dysfunctions. We have recently discovered that mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) exerts its prosurvival action in dopamine neurons and in an animal model of PD through the direct binding to UPR sensor inositol-requiring protein 1 alpha (IRE1α) and attenuation of UPR. In line with this, UPR targeting resulted in neuroprotection and neurorestoration in various preclinical animal models of PD. Therefore, growth factors (GFs), possessing both neurorestorative activity and restoration of protein folding capacity are attractive as drug candidates for PD treatment especially their blood-brain barrier penetrating analogs and small molecule mimetics. In this review, we discuss ER stress as a therapeutic target to treat PD; we summarize the existing preclinical data on the regulation of ER stress for PD treatment. In addition, we point out the crucial aspects for successful clinical translation of UPR-regulating GFs and new prospective in GFs-based treatments of PD, focusing on ER stress regulation.
Chronic pain in lower limb amputees: Is there a correlation with the use of perioperative epidural or perineural analgesia?
Authors: Benedetti Maria Grazia , De Santis Letizia , Mariani Giorgio , Donati Danilo , Bardelli Roberta , Perrone Mariada , Brunelli Stefano
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is common in patients who undergo lower limb amputation. The use of epidural or perineural catheters seems to reduce acute pain after surgery but their effects in a longer follow up are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term prevalence of phantom limb sensation (PLS), phantom limb pain (PLP), and residual limb pain (RLP) and their correlation with perioperative use of epidural or perineural catheters. METHODS: Postal survey. Patients with trans-femoral, trans-tibial or hemi-pelvectomy amputation were asked to partake in the study. The Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire was used for the presence of chronic post-surgical pain. Use of catheters was retrieved from medical notes. RESULTS: 57 patients at a mean of 4.4 years follow up were included. PLS was reported in 68.4%, PLP in 63.2 % and RLP in 54.4% of amputees. No correlation was identified between pain syndromes and the presence of individual catheters and the duration of their permanence. The simultaneous use of 2 catheters was related to a lesser presence of PLP. CONCLUSIONS: Data on prevalence of PLP, PLS and RLP are consistent with the literature. Favourable effects in PLP reduction in the long term follow up was related to the simultaneous use of two catheters.
Towards fully-fledged archiving for RDF datasets
Authors: Pelgrin Olivier , Galárraga Luis , Hose Katja
Published: June 2021

The dynamicity of RDF data has motivated the development of solutions for archiving, i.e., the task of storing and querying previous versions of an RDF dataset. Querying the history of a dataset finds applications in data maintenance and analytics. Notwithstanding the value of RDF archiving, the state of the art in this field is under-developed: (i) most existing systems are neither scalable nor easy to use, (ii) there is no standard way to query RDF archives, and (iii) solutions do not exploit the evolution patterns of real RDF data. On these grounds, this paper surveys the existing works in RDF archiving in order to characterize the gap between the state of the art and a fully-fledged solution. It also provides RDFev, a framework to study the dynamicity of RDF data. We use RDFev to study the evolution of YAGO, DBpedia, and Wikidata, three dynamic and prominent datasets on the Semantic Web. These insights set the ground for the sketch of a fully-fledged archiving solution for RDF data.
Efficacy of the subjective visual vertical test performed using a mobile application to detect vestibular pathology
Authors: Riera-Tur Laura , Caballero-Garcia Andres , Martin-Mateos Antonio J. , Lechuga-Sancho Alfonso M.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: The subjective visual vertical (SVV) test is a sensitive test of vestibular dysfunction that allows the evaluation of otolithic organs; however, with the current method, there are technical and logistical limitations that make the application of this test difficult in the conventional clinic. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of detecting vestibular pathology using the SVV via a new screening method. METHODS: A consecutive sample of 62 patients with suspected vestibular pathology was included in the study. The patients were clinically diagnosed according to the Barany Society criteria. An exploratory system was designed using a mobile application in Android that detects accelerometer oscillations and involves placing the smartphone on a rotating disk anchored to the wall. All patients underwent a SVV examination using the bucket method and the study test. A cut-off point of the ROC curve was calculated for each test, and its sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy and probability ratios for detecting vestibular pathology were analysed. The SVV results were compared using the bucket test and the study test. RESULTS: We observed significant differences in sensitivity between the two tests: 86.95% for the study test versus 67.4% for the bucket test (p < 0.01). In the ROC curve, an area under the curve of 0.90 was observed for the study test, with a cut-off of 2.43 for a sensitivity of 86.95% and a specificity of 93.75%. CONCLUSIONS: SVV testing using a smartphone placed on a rotating disk anchored to the wall offers greater diagnostic accuracy than SVV using the bucket test. Both methods are inexpensive, harmless and easily accepted by patients.
Social Assistance Decision Support System Using the Naive Bayes Method
Authors: Anam Moh. Syaiful
Published: June 2021

Covid-19 telah menjadi pandemi yang menyebar hampir ke seluruh penjuru dunia. Karena proses penularannya yang begitu cepat Dalam masa pandemi covid -19, pandemi ini menyebar ke seluruh sendi kehidupan dan salah satu yang paling menjadi perhatian adalah dibidang sosial ekonomi. Banyak terdapat bantuan Sosial (Bansos) yang disalurkan baik oleh pemerintah ataupun pihak swasta lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sistem pendukung keputusan bantuan sosial menggunakan metode Naive Bayes, selanjutnya melakukan Analisa menggunakan tabel Confusion Matrix.  Dalam menyelesaikan masalah dengan menggunakan metode Naive Bayes dari hasil pembahasan yang dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan Naive Bayes dan aturan yang dihasilkan memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi (good) yaitu sebesar 73% dan Sementara nilai Precision sebesar 92% dan Recall sebesar 86%. Sehingga metode Naive Bayes dapat diterapkan dalam menentukan prediksi yang lebih banyak dan potensial aturan yang dihasilkan untuk membantu menentukan pemberian bantuan sosial.
PENGARUH YOGA TERHADAP SKALA NYERI DISMINORE
Authors: Ira Ira Kurniawati , Antonilda Ina Apolonia , Tjondronegoro Probowatie
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan dimana individu mengalami perubahan dari masa kanak-kanak menuju masa dewasa. Pada fase ini terjadi perubahan-perubahan baik secara biologis maupun psikologis. Perubahan biologis pada wanita ditandai dengan terjadinya menstruasi. Gangguan menstruasi yang sering dialami perempuan adalah nyeri pada abdomen atau sering disebut disminore. Prevalensi disminore di dunia sangat besar yaitu rata-rata lebih dari 50% perempuan disetiap negara mengalami disminore. Pada wanita yang mengalami disminore mereka melakukan berbagai cara untuk mengurangi rasa nyeri yang dirasakan. Salah satu yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan yoga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya pengaruh yoga terhadap skala nyeri disminore.
PENGARUH TERAPI RELAKSASI BENSON TERHADAP SKALA NYERI DISMENORE PADA MAHASISWI KEPERAWATAN STIKES St. ELISABETH SEMARANG
Authors: Ulfa Nur Malita , Antonilda Ina Apolonia , Gayatina Andri Kenti
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang : Dismenore adalah nyeri pada abdomen bagian bawah yang sering dialami perempuan saat menstruasi, didapatkan rata-rata 50% perempuan disetiap negara mengalami dismenore dan Indonesia terdapat 55%. Salah satu cara untuk menggurangi dismenore adalah dengan melakukan relaksasi Benson. Terapi relaksasi Benson terbukti dapat menurunkan nyeri pasca bedah dan belum pernah diujikan untuk mengatasi nyeri dismenore.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh relaksasi Benson terhadap skala nyeri dismenore pada mahasiswi keperawatan STIKES St. Elisabeth Semarang
Mother-Infant Attachment: Path Analysis of the Predictive Role of Trauma Therapy and Select Demographics on Mother's Cognitive Responses
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Knapp Nicole
Published: June 2021

Problem The best outcome for attachment when an infant is born would be a secure attachment, but this is not always the case. Insecure attachments are likely to be formed when the mother has experienced domestic violence given the right environment (Huth-Bocks et al., 2011; Theran et al., 2005). A previous study showed that changes to attachment due to postnatal intervention are based on external behaviors rather than internal though processes (Theran et al., 2005). Because of this, the purpose of this study is to compare therapy categories and each of the observable attachment factors. Method Participants completed a survey which measured the tolerance, acceptance, pleasure in proximity, and competence as a parent in regard to the mother's response to her child(ren) ages zero to six months old, as well demographic information. Data was analyzed using a one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc tests, and a path analysis to answer two main research questions and five sub-questions. Results The MANOVA results showed a marginally significant difference among the trauma therapy categories on the dependent variables. Subsequent ANOVA results showed that, individually, trauma therapy had a significant effect on tolerance, pleasure in proximity, and competence as a parent. Bonferroni post hoc analysis showed that not attending therapy significantly differs from attending group therapy in regard to competence as a parent. The hypothesized model was a good fit for the data. This model indicated a weak statistically significant direct effect of childhood abuse on trauma therapy. Race, childhood abuse, and support system all had weak statistically significant direct effect on ATT and trauma therapy had a weak moderately significant direct effect on ATT. Conclusion This study was designed to help understand if various types of trauma therapy could be effective in the formation of a more secure attachment between mother and infant when the mother has had a history of domestic violence. This study also looked to understand if various demographic factors have an effect on the attendance of trauma therapy or on ATT, either directly or as mediated through trauma therapy. Results have indicated that when looking at maternal attachment responses, it may be more beneficial to look at the individual types of trauma therapy and areas of attachment rather than at trauma therapy and attachment as wholes. In regard to demographic factors, there were weak significant direct effects found for both trauma therapy and ATT. This study also offers various implications for future research and professional practice.
Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Diabetic Patients Living in Rural Areas of Northern Iran in 2016
Authors:   Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Naghipour Arash , Khatirnamani2 Zahra ,   Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran., Allah Kalteh Ehsan ,   Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran., Taramian Sonbol ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial infection. Simultaneous onset of diabetes and TB can interfere with the treatment and control of TB. Objective: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of TB in diabetic patients living in rural areas of northern Iran. Materials and Methods: Participants were 925 diabetic patients living in rural areas of Kordkuy County, Golestan, Iran. Data were collected using a checklist surveying demographic characteristics and medical records of patients. To diagnose TB, they underwent a TB skin test, sputum smear test, chest radiography, and referring to an infectious diseases specialist, if needed. Results: Seven hundred sixteen of participants were female. The mean age of participants and their mean duration of diabetes were 58.4±11.1 and 8.39±5.47 years, respectively. Results of test showed that 62 patients had abnormal chest x-ray; 14 had coughing more than two weeks; 1 had fever; 2 had night sweats; 11 had sputum; 152 had positive TB skin test result; 10 had a history of previous TB; and 1 had active TB. Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of TB in diabetic patients is 60 and 6 times higher than in general population, respectively.
Effect of Sumac Nano-phytosome on Memory and Oxidative Stress in Valproic Acid-induced Rat Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran., Hajizadeh Moghaddam Akbar , Abbasalipour Haniyeh ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran., Ranjbar Mojtaba ,   Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran., Khanjani Jelodar Sedigheh ,   Faculty of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2021

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an advanced neurological disorder characterized by symptoms such as deficits in social interaction, communication, and cognition. Although sumac fruit contains compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its effectiveness is limited due to its low bioavailability. Objective: This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of sumac extract and sumac nano-phytosome on memory and oxidative stress in the hippocampal area of ASD rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, pregnant female rats were first divided into healthy and patient groups. In the patient group, 500 mg/kg body weight valproic acid was injected intraperitoneally on day 12.5 of pregnancy. Male rats born in the healthy group were further divided into two healthy control and positive control groups, and those in the patient group were divided into two treatment groups of Sumac Extract (n=6) and Sumac Nano-Phytosome (n=6) 21 days after birth. The control groups received only saline, while treatment groups received SE and SNP (40 mg/kg/PO) for 4 weeks. Novel object recognition test was performed to assess recongnition memory of rats on day 49 after birth. Finally, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GRx) and Catalase (CAT) were measured in the hippocampus of rats. Results: Valproic acid significantly decreased the discrimination index in novel object recognition test as well as GPx, GRx and CAT, and TAC levels in the hippocampus (P<0.001). Treatment with sumac nano-phytosome significantly improved the memory and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GRx and CAT) and TAC (P<0.001). Conclusion: Sumac nano-phytosome can improve memory deficits and oxidative stress more compared to sumac extract in ASD rats due to increased bioavailability.
The Prevalence and Incidence of Congenital Phenylketonuria in 59 Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran., Mojibi Nastaran , Ghazanfari-Sarabi Shabnam ,   Modern Genetics Laboratory, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran., Hashemi-Soteh Seyed Mohammad Bagher ,   Immunogenetic Research Center, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Published: June 2021

Context: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most frequent inborn error of metabolism, in which newborns cannot metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine. Increased phenylalanine in untreated patients with PKU can cause serious intellectual disability; its onerous financial burden also falls on societies. This review study aimed to systematically indicate the frequency of PKU worldwide. We also intended to highlight the global prevalence of PKU, which might shed light on better clinical management and screening programs. Methods: In this systematic review, two electronic databases, including PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched for the related literature using relevant keywords: “Phenylketonuria” or “PKU” and “Prevalence” or “Incidence” and “Iran” or “Middle East” or “Europe” or “America” or “Asia.” Accordingly, 4306 reports conducted on PKU from January 2007 to December 2018 were retrieved. With the removal of 44 duplicated publications, 44 reports were included in the current systematic review. Prevalence and incidence rates were categorized based on different continents in which nations used various NBS programs to report the incidence and prevalence of PKU. Non-English, non-eligible, duplicated, animal, and in vitro studies are excluded. Results: Based on the reported quantitative data, the prevalence of PKU diagnosed worldwide ranged from 0.00044% to 0.02736% in which Italy possessed the highest prevalence; however, Thailand manifested the lowest prevalence rate. However, for some countries, such as India or Finland, either the related data to the frequency of PKU was outdated or overlooked applying any newborn screening programs respecting PKU. Conclusions: The current study revealed an elevated prevalence of PKU in Iran, compared with other Asian countries; thus, it demands a more serious management program. Moreover, the high prevalence of PKU in European countries should not be underestimated.
“EMBIOTIC” Ltd. “EM-Ukraine” – an alternative to antibiotic therapy for digestive disorders in calves
Authors: Rybachuk Zh. V. , Prisyazhnyuk I. V. , Chirta-Sinelnyk K. O.
Published: June 2021

The prophylactic efficacy of diarrhea in calves with different methods and doses of feed additive “EMBIOTIC” during the first 14 days of life was studied. Almost 50 % of dairy calves had symptoms of diarrhea. Effective treatment regimens for such animals included one of the antibiotics (azithromycin or 15 % amoxicillin emulsion) and, if necessary, sulfonamide drugs (trimeratinvet with the drugs sulfadimesine and trimethoprim) or the drug sulfate lozin, which includes sulfonamide and antibiotics (tylosin tartrate, oxytetracycline, sulfadimesine, trimethoprim). Simultaneously, symptomatic therapy was performed with the use of refinery – 10 % solution of ketoprofen in the form of the drug ketonil, which provided analgesia and reduction of body temperature to physiological limits. Еhere is always a drug cyanophore (LR butaphosphane and cyanocobalamin) as a general stimulant in the scheme. To conduct the experiment, 5 groups of animals were formed, 6 in each, age – the first day after birth. From the first to the 14th day of life, from the first or second colostrum, each calf from different groups was given daily 5 cm3, 10 cm3 and 15 cm3 of feed additive “EMBIOTIC”, respectively. The fourth experimental group – control (probiotic was not received), and the fifth – calves obtained from cows, which 10–14 days before and after calving daily with feed or water received 80–100 cm3 of feed additive “EMBIOTIC”, and calves the tested drug was not used. During the experiment twice a day (morning and evening), clinical observation and examination of calves of all experimental groups. Two days later, calves that received 5 cm3, 10 cm3 and 15 cm3 of feed additive “EMBIOTIC” were registered to improve appetite, increased mobility and prolonged and pronounced sleep. In animals that received with milk 10 cm3 and 15 cm3 of feed additives, during the observation period, disorders of the digestive system were not registered. Two calves, receiving 5 cm3 of EMBIOTICS daily, had symptoms of minor diarrhea for only 12 days, but there was no appetite. After 24 hours, the symptoms of indigestion went away on their own without the use of any drugs. Newborn calves obtained from cows that received “EMBIOTIC” as part of their diet or water were rated 9–10 on the Apgar scale. From the 3rd day they ate straw and they registered chewing gum for 3.7 ± 0.2 days of life. Within 14 days of observation of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, they were not registered. Thus, the feed additive “EMBIOTIC” provides prevention of diarrhea in calves.
Estudio de validez de contenido y confiabilidad deun instrumento para diagnosticar el procesode inclusión en las Escuelas Normales
Authors:   Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Hernández Ayala Hernán , Tobón Tobón Sergio ,   Centro Universitario CIFE, Juárez Hernández Luis Gibran ,   Centro Universitario CIFE
Published: June 2021

Se requiere contar con instrumentos para evaluar los procesos de inclusión en las escuelas normales que sean pertinentes a los retos de la sociedad del conocimiento y que apliquen la socioformación. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la validez y confiabilidad de una rúbrica para diagnosticar procesos de inclusión en las escuelas normales, acorde con la socioformación, para promover una mejor toma de decisiones en la educación normal. Para ello, se realizó un estudio instrumental con base en los siguientes pasos: 1) contrastación de la validez de constructo mediante la técnica de Análisis Factorial; y 2) determinación de la confiabilidad del instrumento mediante la aplicación a una muestra de 433 participantes. Los resultados del análisis factorial cumplieron con los requisitos para el análisis factorial exploratorio (EFA); se obtuvieron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre los ítems de la rúbrica, los valores de las comunalidades adecuados y el EFA extrajo un componente principal; el análisis de confiabilidad muestra un valor de Alfa de Cronbach de 0.915. Como conclusión, se presenta un instrumento pertinente para diagnosticar procesos de inclusión en la educación orientada a la formación de profesores, en virtud de que, al ser evaluado el instrumento, mostró una concordancia significativa en su contenido y una alta confiabilidad.
Panorama del OrgWare de la educación virtual en tiempo de COVID-19: Países de América Latina y el Caribe
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Borrego Ramírez Nali
Published: June 2021

El estudio revisa los componentes del Orgware Virtual de la Educación (OVE) en América Latina y el Caribe durante los primeros meses de la pandemia de coronavirus (COVID-19). Está centrado en la competencia digital y el efecto en la virtualidad, el docente es el punto de partida. El enfoque metodológico de la teoría fundamentada permite derivar la estructura de conceptos relacionados con el fenómeno para convertirlos en variables. Igualmente, las dimensiones del modelo TPACK se convierten en procesos, para concluir que la sustantividad del OVE radica en la integración, aseguramiento e interacción permeadas por las condiciones pedagógicas, socioeconómica y tecnológicas. Los resultados revelan que la competencia digital de los docentes, en caso de poseerla, no es suficiente para llevar a cabo el proceso educativo de forma virtual, sino que se requiere la competencia pedagógica digital frente a una segunda crisis causada por el aumento del uso de Internet y la desigual tasa de conectividad en determinados segmentos poblacionales.
El arte como tributo y reconocimiento a la lucha de las mujeres. Sobre la exposición
Authors:   Escuela de Humanidades y Educación. Tecnológico de Monterrey (MÉXICO), Villalvazo Sánchez Oscar
Published: June 2021

This text is a description of the largest feminist installation of the last decades: The Dinner party, by the artist and activist Judy Chicago. Its objective is to present and describe the author's intentions, as well as to point out the value that it has in areas such as the social and the intellectual, insofar as her proposal corresponds to and understands the practices of postmodernity.
El infierno terrenal en los orígenes del Heavy Metal.
Authors:   Universidad de Guadajalara (MÉXICO), Pérez González Bianca Natascha
Published: June 2021

Heavy Metal, as a movement of art and social commitment was born as an expression of counterculture in its denial to be part of a society plagued by ethical and moral incongruities, establishing Existentialism as its dominant philosophical foundation. In the decadent religious context that characterized the twentieth century, the french philosopher Jean- Paul Sartre begets two plays, No Exit (1944) and The Devil and the Good Lord (1951), that will come to lay the foundations of one of the most transcendent hells for contemporary thought: otherness. In his music, Black Sabbath, as a pioneering group of this musical genre, contains in his lyrics the Sartrean concept of The Otherness as earthly hell. From the symbolic deconstruction of the myth of heaven and hell from the Western Christian tradition, Black Sabbath re-signifies hell to propose a rational explanation of the problems of his time and to make it the metaphor for the disillusionment and nihilism of a modern Europe, in which mythical icons are being replaced by representations of concrete reality.
Effect of dates of sowing on dry matter production and partitioning in yam bean (Pachyrrhizus erosus (L) Urban)
Authors: Nedunchezhiyan M , Ray R. C.
Published: June 2021

Climatic factors like temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, day length, and soil edaphic factors influence the growth and yield of a crop. The rate of dry matter accumulation remains faster at higher than lower temperature. However, high temperatures decrease the proportion of dry matter translocated to the tuber. Hence a field experiment was conducted in 1995 to 1996 at the Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar to study the effect of climatic factors on dry matter production and partitioning in yam bean (Pachyrritizits erosus (L) Urban). The results revealed no genotypic differences in dry matter production and yield, indicating that all genotypes used were equally efficient in dry matter production and partitioning, However, date of sowing has marked influence on dry mater production and yield. Sowing on the 17th of August led to the production of higher dry matter with the highest tuber yield comparable with those sown on the 1st of September because of their higher partitioning efficiency. Although the partitioning efficiencies of the October 1st and September 16th sowings were higher, these resulted in lower yield due to lack of sufficient dry matter. These findings clearly indicated that early sowing between the 17th of August and the 1st of September is essential for higher tuber yield in fertile acid laterite soil.
O uso do índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada na análise multitemporal da cobertura vegetal no complexo industrial do município de Barcarena–Pará-Brasil
Authors: Tavares Lilian Conceição , Costa Jamer Andrade da , Araújo Ana Regina da Rocha , Garcia Felipe Hermógenes Moraes , Carneiro Francimary da Silva , Amaral Ana Paula Magno do , Braga Elayne Oliveira , Garcia Thales de Souza
Published: June 2021

O complexo industrial de Barcarena-PA foi criado, por meio de um acordo bilateral entre Brasil e Japão, em 1976, com isso o município apresenta um grande crescimento industrial no decorrer dos anos e consequentemente uma grande quantidade de área desflorestadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as imagens multitemporais da cobertura vegetal do Complexo Industrial no município de Barcarena- PA, entre os anos de 2006 a 2016. A metodologia consiste no uso das geotecnologias a fim de fazer a classificação do fatiamento das imagens multitemporais com o uso do NDVI em virtude das suscetíveis mudanças ocupacionais ocorridas na região do Complexo Industrial. Os resultados apontaram mudanças significativas ao longo dos anos, devido instalações de empresas, e o grande crescimento populacional que por não ter moradia nas cidades, passam a invadir áreas florestadas ao redor da cidade.
Estenose pulmonar em duas cadelas: Relato de caso
Authors: Ramos Mayara Cristtine , Santos Eduarda Machado dos , Cavalcanti Eduarda Aléxia Nunes Louzada Dias , Magnabosco Mariana Wilhelm , Costa Paula Priscila Correia , Cavalcanti Guilherme Albuquerque de Oliveira
Published: June 2021

A estenose pulmonar é uma doença congênita que causa obstrução parcial do fluxo sanguíneo entre o ventrículo direito e a artéria pulmonar, sendo encontrada principalmente em animais jovens e machos.  Este trabalho relata os casos de duas cadelas das raças Spitz Alemão e Yorkshire Terrier, com 8 meses e 9 anos, respectivamente. Os animais foram submetidos a radiografias latero-lateriais e ventro-dorsais torácicas que evidenciaram aumento cardíaco direito e dilatação do tronco da artéria pulmonar. Também foram submetidas ao exame ecocardiográfico que demonstrou valvas pulmonares com função e morfologia alterada e dilatação pós-estenótica, com fluxo de velocidade aumentada e turbulento na região dessa valva. Após o diagnóstico, estabeleceu-se tratamento clínico com o uso de vasodilatadores, diuréticos, inibidor da fosfodiesterase e β-bloqueador dependendo da necessidade de cada animal, sendo recomendada a avaliação clínica periódica das pacientes e realização de exames complementares para acompanhamento dos casos. O tratamento estabelecido se mostrou satisfatório, devido a melhora dos sinais clínicos.
Produção de mudas de Cojoba arborea var. angustifolia (Rusby) Barneby & J.W. Grimes mediante substratos alternativos
Authors: Oliveira Ronier Felipe da Silva , Carvalho Cleverson Agueiro de , Ribeiro Patricia Gomes , Ribeiro Ítalo Felipe Nogueira , Zaninetti Rean Augusto
Published: June 2021

A utilização de substratos alternativos, provenientes de resíduos orgânicos, tem se apresentado como uma destinação ecologicamente sustentável de resíduos sólidos, e sua utilização na produção de mudas tem sido alvo diversas pesquisas nos últimos anos, que visam maximizar a qualidade e sobrevivência em campo de indivíduos produzidos por meio destes materiais. Portanto, este trabalho analisou a qualidade de mudas de Cojoba arborea var. angustifolia (Rusby) Barneby & J.W. Grimes em diferentes composições de substratos. Adotou-se 8 tratamentos, com 15 repetições cada, sendo analisados os seguintes parâmetros morfológicos: altura (Alt), Comprimento da raiz (CR), diâmetro a altura do colo (DAC), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca da raiz (MSR), massa seca total (MST), bem como as relações: altura pelo diâmetro a altura do colo (Alt/DAC), altura pelo comprimento da raiz (Alt/CR), massa seca da parte aérea pela massa seca da raiz (MSPA/MSR), o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD) e a quantidade de nódulos (QN). Verificou-se que os tratamentos que continham casca de castanha em sua composição, T2 e T4, apresentaram maior produção de biomassa. Também notou-se que a utilização de cinza vegetal, além de inibir a nodulação, ocasionou a morte de quase 100% os indivíduos do tratamento 8. Ressalta-se também que o substrato comercial (T1), só apresentou bom desempenho em relação a quantidade de nódulos. Infere-se que substratos alternativos à base de resíduos agroflorestais, quando empregados em proporções corretas, proporcionam mudas de elevada qualidade.
Palavras-chave: Silvicultura; Produção de mudas; Resíduos agroflorestais.
Relação entre a miocardite e a infecção causada pelo SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Pinheiro Neto José Chagas , Silva Higo José Neri da , Souza Juliana Vanessa Cavalcante , Cavalcante Karene Ferreira , Frazão Denys Wanderson Pereira , Soares Alexandre Mendes , Garcia Ana Carolina Hortencio , Viana Danilo do Nascimento , Xavier Camila dos Santos , Furtado Denis Romulo Leite , Pessoa Lizandro de Freitas , Mattos Márcia Laís Fortes Rodrigues , Silva Filho Manoel Lopes da , Silva Manuelle Rodrigues da , Silva Kelly Maria Rêgo da
Published: June 2021

Com base em dados da China, onde a pandemia se deu origem, a lesão cardíaca se tornou uma característica proeminente da doença, acometendo até 30% dos pacientes e auxiliando para 40% das mortes. Foram descritas diversas complicações cardiovasculares, como lesão miocárdica (20% dos casos), arritmias (16%), miocardite (10%), além de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) e choque (até 5% dos casos). O objetivo desse trabalho é informar e descrever sobre a nova miocardite ocasionada pelo novo vírus. E demonstrar a importância para novos estudos relacionados com a nova doença. Foram utilizadas todas as publicações que possuírem dados sobre a nova miocardite em pacientes com o novo SARS-CoV-2, publicações científicas, oficiais da Organização Mundial da Saúde e governamentais, dentre a determinada data (2019-2021). Foram encontrados aproximadamente 500 artigos, foram verificados os idiomas, e se realmente se tratava sobre o tema da nova miocardite relacionada ao novo vírus, então foram obtidos 39 artigos para a realização da discussão. A lesão do miocárdio, sinalizada por marcadores foi evidenciada já nos primeiros casos da doença. O Conselho Nacional de Saúde da China demonstrou em um relatório, 12% dos pacientes sem problemas cardiovasculares. Sendo assim, já que o SARS-CoV-1 e SARS-CoV-2 atinge as células através da enzima conversora de angiotensina 2, onde isso possivelmente acontece também em pacientes infectados com o novo vírus. Porém ainda são necessárias mais pesquisas para comprovação dessas possíveis teorias.