bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of Volitional Regulation among Tuvans in the Conditions of Urbanization of Society
Authors: Shlyapnikov V.N.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the features of volitional regulation among representatives of various generations of Tuvans living in the urban and rural regions. The study involved 773 people from Erzin (185 people), Mugur-Aksa (266 people), Kyzyl (173 people) and Moscow (149 people). Age of respondents: from 18 to 22 years old (203 people), from 23 to 35 years old (184 people), from 36 to 60 years old (223 people), over 61 years old (163 people). To evaluate the individual characteristics of volitional regulation in the respondents, the following techniques were used: the “Action Control Scale” by J. Kuhl; the "Questionnaire for revealing the expression of self-control in the emotional sphere, activity and behavior"; the technique for self-assessment of volitional traits; the Purpose in Life Test. Representatives of the older and younger generations differ significantly from each other in terms of behavioral self-control, self-assessments of the volitional qualities of the individual, and the PLT test. The greatest differences in will indicators between generations are observed among residents of Moscow. The results of a one-dimensional analysis of variance allow us to conclude that the differences in the indicators of volitional regulation are due to differences in the indicators of the PLT test.
Mixed Environment with Augmented Reality: The Effects of Presence in Game Interaction Situation
Authors: Soldatova G.U. , Rasskazova E.I. , Klishevich A.S.
Published: September 2023

Augmented, virtual reality, online and offline are considered as a single living space of mixed reality - an important dimension of socialization of the personality functioning in such an environment enhanced and expanded by technical devices and programs. In this context one of the main psychological phenomena is the phenomenon of presence - individuals' subjective experience of being in mixed reality. The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of the subjective experience (phenomenon) of presence by a personality, enhanced by augmented reality in a gaming social interaction in mixed environment. 154 students aged 17 to 24 participated in an augmented reality underwater hunting game in pairs. They were randomly presented with three instructions: neutral, cooperative, and competitive interaction. Subjective experience of presence (immersion in the game, engagement, realism of augmented reality) as an integrative indicator of technologically enhanced personality, social interaction (distraction to the partner, attitude towards the partner), positive and negative emotions were assessed. The following results were obtained: engagement and realism of augmented reality are related to immersion in the given environment. The effect of presence is related to positive, but not negative, changes in emotional state while playing in augmented reality. Game involvement is more pronounced in competitive AR conditions than in cooperative and neutral ones. Greater game involvement and realism of augmented reality are associated with fewer distractions to the partner. Regarding game immersion, the same effect was found for neutral instruction and cooperative instruction. The effect of presence (engagement and realism of augmented reality) in a mixed environment as an important indicator of personality, enhanced with augmented reality, was more pronounced in a competitive environment and was associated with more positive experiences in it and fewer distractions to a partner.
Prevention and Correction of Anxiety and Phobic Disorders in Adolescence Using Virtual Reality Programs
Authors: Selivanov V.V. , Saunin K.A. , Zhang C.
Published: September 2023

This article presents the results of a study aimed at measuring the level of anxiety, both situational and personal, before and after a short-term exposure procedure with the use of virtual reality technology (VR). The study, subdivided into threestages with independent samples, involved 107 students of higher education, mostly in the humanities (relevant for the first two stages). The first two stages of the experiment included a series of immersions of respondents in virtual space with specialized equipment (vive helmets) and two measures, primary (before exposure) and secondary (15 or 3 minutes after leaving the virtual space). Within the study, the respondents of the experimental group were immersed in one of two virtual reality programs: 'Anxiety: no1', with an anthropomorphous female avatar (in third person), and 'Anxiety: no2' (in first person).Respondents in the control group were offered to watch a relaxation TV video similar in content to the virtual reality training programs. The psychodiagnostic research complex included methods aimed at measuring the level of anxiety, including situational and personal anxiety, as well as the current state, mood and activity of the respondents. According to the results of the study and statistical analysis using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Wilcoxon T-test, significant differences were found between the indicators of the level of anxiety before and after the exposure procedure using virtual reality technologies for respondents with initially low and medium levels of anxiety. Similarly, significant differences were found on the scales of situational and personal anxiety for the initial "medium" and "high" anxiety groups, respectively. In the third part of the study conducted in the Chinese clinic on 43 respondents with severe depression, significant differences between the indicators of the level of anxiety, information processing speed, attentiveness, working memory and visual learning before and after the application of VR technologies of medium immersiveness (without VR helmets), with a relaxation program with an anthropomorphic female avatar (in third person), were obtained.
Whom We Trust More: AI-driven vs. Human-driven Economic Decision-Making
Authors: Vinokurov F.N. , Sadovskaya E.D.
Published: September 2023

AI as a new direction in the study of human-computer interaction requires a new look at trust as a phenomenon. In our study, we focus on examining trust in the context of economic behavior. The study took place in two stages. At the first stage, during the interview, we have identified the main factors of trust and mistrust in AI and the specific factors of trust in AI in economic decisions. Also, we have revealed a subjective indicator of the level of trust in the advisor’s recommendations - the economic activity of the participant when performing the recommended action. At the second stage, an experiment was carried out. The participants were asked to play a stock exchange game. The goal of the game was to make money by buying and selling shares. There were an option to ask an advise. For the experimental group, AI acted as an advisor, for the control group, a person (an expert in trading). According to the analysis of 800 economic decisions, economic activity during the game was higher among the participants in the control group who followed the advice of the person (t = 3.646, p <0.001). As a result of the study, three main conclusions were obtained: 1) the level of trust in councils in an economic decision can be expressed in the form of economic activity; 2) the level of trust in economic recommendation depends on whether the recommendation is made by a human or an AI; 3) the specific factors of trust in economic decisions are highlighted: the individuality of the council and the speed of the requested solution.
Psychological Intervention Programs Aimed at Correcting Traffic Behaviour of Drivers
Authors: Bedina I.A. , Kochetova T.V.
Published: September 2023

The article is aimed at studying the international experience of psychological interventions used by road psychologists when working with offending drivers. The article notes that over the past decades there has been a significant increase in the number of studies that consider various preventive programs, including psychological interventions aimed at preventing accidents and traffic accidents. However given the large number of specialized trainings and educational activities that have been undertaken in recent years, it can be considered that the total number of published works with presented “evidence-based practices” is relatively small. A significant point among these works is occupied by a review of studies of psychological interventions (interventions) aimed at preventing drunk driving. It is emphasized that alcohol is one of the most obvious factors affecting driving. The article emphasizes that the analysis of the practices of psychological interventions aimed at preventing drunk driving can be considered as an important step for the activities of practical psychologists in the field of road safety, as well as the system of medical and psychological assessment of suitability for driving a vehicle. In turn, the study and use of such psychological practices contributes to the solution of the most important social problem - reducing the level of accidents on the roads and saving human life.
Social Creativity and Context: Perspectives of Research
Authors: Meshkova N.V.
Published: September 2023

The relevance of the study of social creativity is associated with the optimization of interpersonal interaction in various fields of activity. The article examines modern foreign theories of creativity. The article analyzes the representation of the social context in approaches to the study of creativity in general, and social creativity in particular. Attention is paid to the causes of the generation of negative ideas that cause intentional and unintentional harm in social interaction. The results of a pilot study of the influence of social context on prosocial, negative and harmful creativity are presented. The revealed effect is discussed in a pilot study in which high school students (N = 46) and university students (N = 50) took part. The study was conducted in two stages: the first one -before the start of the special operation in January-early February 2022, the second one — after the start of the special operations in March-April 2022 The questionnaires «Tolerance Index" and "Moral Identity" were used, as well as three tasks for diagnosing social creativity in situations with positive and negative connotations. The hypothesis that different types of social creativity manifest themselves differently in different social contexts has been confirmed: against the background of a threatening social context, there may be an increase in asocial creativity and a decrease in prosocial creativity. Against the background of a threatening social context, the effect of changing the nature of the relationship between moral identity and ethnic and social tolerance was revealed. The conclusion is made that the cause-and-effect relationships in the theories and concepts of creativity are much more complicated than it can be assumed. A refined scheme of cause-and-effect relationships in approaches considering creativity as a result of the interaction of personality, tasks and situations is proposed. The results obtained in the study are reflected in the working scheme of the dynamic model of social creativity.
The Answer to the Groundlessness of a New Way of Development of Giftedness
Authors: Bogoyavlenskaya D.B. , Pirlik G.P.
Published: September 2023

The article substantiates the objection to V.S. Yurkevich to present the posi[1]tion towards understanding giftedness and developing creativity. The main objection is related to the thesis that the search activity "lies on the surface", but has not been investigated by anyone. In addition, the definition of giftedness only in terms of the height of abilities, with the absence of manifestations of creativity emphasized by the author, separates giftedness from creativity. At the same time, the spread of understanding of giftedness as high abilities implied the possibility of manifestations of creativity. The studies of V.S. Rotenberg, V.V. Arshavsky the biological concept of search activity. The correlation of primitive forms of search activity, which ensure survival through adaptation, and higher forms of human behavior – search and research activities and creativity (phenomena of pre-adaptation), which are based on cognitive motivation, are substantiated. An indication of the presence of search activity in its various forms in the scientific concepts and practice of education is given.
Promoting Academic Achievement: The Role of Self-efficacy in Predicting Students’ Success in the Higher Education Settings
Authors: Moussa N.M.
Published: September 2023

Self-efficacy forms a major factor that influences many life aspects, as a result, it has been researched by many psychologists and educators worldwide from different perspectives. Embracing the context of Bandura’s Self- efficacy Theory as a theoretical framework, this quantitative empirical research paper introduces an overview of the role that self–efficacy plays in shaping higher education students’ academic achievement among a diverse group of college students. The diverse group comprises 374 students who took part in this research study and responded to the General Self–efficacy Scale (GSE) to disclose the perception of their self-efficacy and the ability to perform the required academic tasks. Multiple analysis techniques including Descriptive analysis, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test for independent sample, and Simple Linear Regression were conducted to achieve the paper’s objectives. Data analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation between students’ general self–efficacy and academic achievement. Moreover, students’ self–efficacy was found as a significant predictor of students’ academic achievement. Findings indicated that no gender-based differences in students’ general self-efficacy among higher education students. The discoveries of this research study can be implemented in instructional designing, curriculum development, and college counseling services to promote students’ academic achievement.
Review of Studying Social Interactions With the Usage of Eye-Tracking Analysis
Authors: Ageev N.Ya. , Dubovik I.A. , Kalinina G.I. , Konokotin A.V.
Published: September 2023

This article provides an overview of empirical studies focused on the possibilities of using the eye-tracking analysis to study social interactions. The whole text is divided into conceptual blocks, such as eye-tracking as a method of psychological research and its possibilities of studying social interactions. A brief review on the present topic revealed that one of the most relevant objectives in this research area is in line with the studies of the features of multimodal communication carried out simultaneously through several “channels” of information transmission (including visual feedback) with its correlation with the collaborative productivity and organizing of effective forms of joint acitivity. The observed data improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms by which different modes of interaction (joint attanetion, mutual understanding, reflection, communication) arise and are implemented by the main participants of joint activity. It was deliberately stressed that this line of research is needed to be supplemented by the studies on dynamics of oculomotor activity at different stages of joint actions and interactions.
Challenges and Benefits of Using Wiki-based Collaborative Writing in EFL Classes
Authors: Yibreh L.B. , Haile B.B.
Published: September 2023

The challenges and benefits of wiki that students encounter during the process of implementing wiki in EFL writing classes is the focus of the research that need to be investigated. The emphasis of the research is to look at the benefits and challenges that university students faced during the implementation of wiki-based collaborative writing at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University. The participants were enrolled in a noncredit essay-writing course that was linked with the wiki platform. Questionnaires and focus group discussion were used to collect data. All students completed questionnaires and focus group discussion to investigate the benefits of using wiki. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and mean were used to analyze the quantitative data. To analyze the data, themes about benefits of using wiki were used. Students faced both psychological and functional challenges. Students discussed that they collaborated during the process of using wiki and their writing skills was improved. Finally, English as a Foreign Language writing skills teachers should carefully train students on how to use social media like a wiki in their curricula.
Psychological Features of Professional Demand and Motivation of Law-Enforcement Officers
Authors: Strelnikova Yu.Yu. , Goncharova N.A.
Published: September 2023

The article considers the peculiarities of professional demand and motivational profile of the personality of employees of operational subdivisions and patrol-guard service of the police. The sample is represented by 89 employees of internal affairs bodies in age from 29 to 36 years, with the service experience of 2-3 years. Purpose of the study: to determine the influence of the specifics of service activity, motivation and social characteristics on the experience of professional demand for police officers. Methods: anonymous questionnaire of assessment of socio-psychological factors; methodology “Professional demand for personality” (E.V. Kharitonova, B.A. Yasko); questionnaire “Motivational profile” (S. Ritchie, P. Martin). As a result of the study it was found that the specifics of service activities of police officers and their motivation have a significant impact on the overall level of professional demand for personality and its individual components, as well as on the socio-psychological adaptation, “turnover” and psychological health of specialists. Operational unit officers differ from patrol officers (p ≤ 0,05) with a more harmonious profile of the professional demand for personality.
Professional Competence of Employees of the Penal Enforcement System Working with Convicted Persons-Former Employees of Courts and Law Enforcement Agencies
Authors: Kirillova T.V. , Pashukova A.D.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the professional competence of employees of the penal enforcement system in working with convicts-former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies. The results of a ascertaining experiment aimed at studying the level of formation of professional competence of employees of the penitentiary system in working with this category of convicts are analyzed. The authors draw attention to the fact that the organization of educational work and interpersonal interaction of employees of specialized institutions has a number of specific psychological, pedagogical and professional features. The main specificity that directly affects the professional activities of employees is the peculiarity of the special agent. The professional competence of an employee working with this category of convicts presupposes the presence of a special, active, personal and psychological component. The emphasis is on the fact that employees need to have a high level of professional competence, constantly develop themselves and improve themselves.
Body: Social-Representational Regard
Authors: Bovina I.B. , Dvoryanchikov N.V. , Melnikova D.V. , Lavreshkin N.V. , Budykin S.V.
Published: September 2023

Our focus in this paper is the discussion of the body as an object of research in the theory of social representations, which determines the aim of the theoretical and analytical study. The body is an inherently complex and polymorphous object that lies at the intersection of a number of diverse dimensions (biological-social; body-mind; individual-social etc.). The proposed analysis of empirical facts concerning the social representations of the body obtained within the framework of social representation theory gives us grounds to draw a rather paradoxical conclusion: the social representation theory postulates importance of the body as an object of social representations, privileges this topic for the theory of social representations, specificity of the body as an object of social representations. On the other hand, there are relatively few studies devoted to the study of social perceptions of the body, with such elements as health and beauty turning out to be the key elements around which they crystallize. The paper outlines the lines of further analysis of social perceptions, taking into account the phenomenon of the “mute zone” of social representations.
Motivation and Self-Control Features in Cadets of Ministry of Internal Affairs Universities at Different Stages of Training
Authors: Buslaeva E.L. , Vlasova N.V.
Published: September 2023

The paper discusses the results of an empirical study of the motivation and self-control characteristics in cadets of the Ministry of Internal Affairs university at different stages of training. The theoretical basis of the paper is research analysis of different works made by different authors, confirming the polymotivation and dynamism of motivational characteristics in the process of carrying out educational and professional activities. The study involved 118 cadets of The Vladimir Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at all stages of training (aged from 17 to 22 years). To collect empirical data, the following methods were used: “Scale of academic motivation” (authors T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sychev, E.N. Osin); questionnaire of volitional self-control (authors A.G. Zverkov, E.V. Eidman). The results of the study showed statistically significant differences in the intensity of educational and professional motivation and self-control at different stages of training. The results obtained can be used to optimize the process and quality of training of future law enforcement officers.
Professional Deformations of Teachers and Deviations of Students During the Global Crisis: Psychological Diagnosis, Prevention, Correction
Authors: Mitin G.V. , Mitina L.M. , Vostokova J.I.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study and development of technologies for the prevention and correction of professional deformations of teachers that cause the manifestations of deviant forms of behavior of students. The materials of theoretical and empirical research consisting of ascertaining and forming experiments are presented. The ascertaining study was aimed at studying the personal and professional development and manifestations of professional deformations of teachers (n = 90), individual characteristics and indicators of deviant behavior of students (n = 125); comparative analysis of the results of the study of teachers and students before the crisis (2018) and during the crisis (until now), the formative experiment was a longitudinal study of 2018-2022, in which students of the Pedagogical Education direction took part (n=107). The results obtained prove the effectiveness of the implemented technology of personal and professional development, which contributes to the actualization of the reflexive resource as a psychological means of prevention and correction of professional deformations of teachers and deviations of students.
Loneliness and Social Support as Characteristics of Social Health and Factors of Social Media Addiction among Adolescents
Authors: Kornienko D.S. , Rudnova N.A. , Gordeeva T.O. , Sychev O.A. , Egorov V.A. , Veraksa A.N.
Published: September 2023

Objective. The goal of the study was to look at how different levels of social health (loneliness and social support) show up in different ways in terms of how dependent people are on their social networks.
Background. Loneliness and social support are considered as indicators of a teenager's social health, characterizing the inner experience of isolation from others and the breadth of the circle of contacts that a teenager can turn to for help. Previously, the question of their relationship in the context of their dependence on social networks was not considered.
Study design. The current study examined the differences in social media addiction, motive, and formal characteristics of social media use among groups of adolescents with different levels of social health (loneliness and social support).
Participants. The study sample was made up of 6405 13–18-year-olds (M = 15, SD = 1,46), 42,2% of them male, who went to school in Yakutsk, which is in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Measurements. The following methods were used: the three-point Loneliness Scale, the Social Support Scale, and the Bergen Social Network Addiction Scale. The motives for using social networks and the formal characteristics of their use were identified.
Results. Teenagers were put into groups based on how lonely they were and how much social support they had. These groups show that dependence on social networks shows up in various ways. The groups with different levels of loneliness and social support can be identified by the reasons they use social networks and the way they work (how long they use them and how many friends they have). The use of social networks by adolescents with high levels of loneliness and low levels of social support leads to negative results and forms addiction due to the effects of compensation and diminution. Adolescents with low loneliness and high social support, on the other hand, demonstrate positive effects from the use of social networks. Conclusions. Among indicators of social health, low social support for an adolescent may lead to greater dependence on social networks. It was also found that dependence on social networks may be based not on direct communicative motives but on motives aimed at establishing and maintaining ties with a group united by common gaming interests.
The Role of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights in the System of State Guarantees for the Protection of the Rights and Legitimate Interests of Minors
Authors: Lichkovakha A.V.
Published: September 2023

The work is aimed at clarifying the role of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights in the system of guarantees for the implementation and protection of the rights of minors. It is noted that in modern science there is an understanding of what constitutes a system of guarantees in its essence — the most important element of the legal status of a minor. At the same time, there is no single approach to what this system is in its structure, while its classifications are proposed. In this regard, in order to study the role of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights in the system of guarantees, two classifications were used, in our opinion, to a greater extent revealing the specifics of the work of this institution. To solve the problems of the study, a general description of some elements of the legal status of the Commissioner for the Rights of the Child, as well as the practice of his interaction with other subjects of law in the system of guarantees of the rights of minors is given. Some results of the activities of the Institute of the Commissioner for the Rights of the Child are presented, convincingly proving the importance of his work in ensuring the realization, protection of rights and legitimate interests, and, if necessary, assistance in restoring violated rights of the child. It is noted that the institution of the Commissioner for the Rights of the Child plays one of the significant roles in this system, since it not only accumulates current problems in the field of childhood in its hands, but also offers their solutions of an interdepartmental nature.
Brief Description of the Course of the Additional Professional Program “Training of Specialists Who Carry Out Training on Additional Professional Programs for Employees of Guardianship and Guardianship Bodies, Including Using Remote Technologies”
Authors: Lashkul M.V.
Published: September 2023

As part of the implementation of the state task, in order to improve the qualifications of specialists who carry out training on additional professional programs for employees of guardianship and guardianship agencies, including using remote technologies, a program was developed taking into account the professional standard of a specialist of the OOIP in relation to minors, educational needs and adult learning technologies. The program provides two in-depth modules for teachers of the legal block and the psychological block. At the same time, a certain amount of legal and psychological knowledge is necessary for both categories of teachers. Therefore, the program has a general and two special modules. In addition, a certain number of hours are devoted to adult education technologies, the ethical code of specialists.
Evaluation of Children’s Well-being: International and Russian Experience in the Framework of the Theory of the New Sociology of Childhood
Authors: Telitsyna A.Y.
Published: September 2023

The article considers approaches to the definition and operationalization of the concept of “subjective well-being of children” in Russian and foreign practice. The analysis of the development of the theory of the new sociology of childhood and the clarification of theoretical constructs is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of the method of studyingchildren’s well-being by measuring its index are analyzed. The study of children’s well-being by measuring its index is promising from the point of view of the time paradigm, that is, the dynamics of a single summary indicator that researchers receive can be traced over time.
Index of Child Well-being in Russia: Current Issues of Development and Development Prospects (Review of the Results of the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Prospects for the Introduction of the Index of Child Well-being in Russia”)
Authors: Merkul I.A.
Published: September 2023

Currently, the main assessment of the state’s attitude to children is the degree of ensuring their well-being. Approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 122-r of January 23, 2021, the plan of the main activities carried out within the framework of the Decade of Childhood for the period up to 2027 (hereinafter referred to as the plan) defines the main goals and objectives for ensuring the well—being of children in the Russian Federation. The plan provides for the organization of scientific research to assess the quality of life of children, including the subjective well-being of children and adolescents; development of guidelines for the assessment of child well-being, assessment tools; comparative analysis of the level of child well-being in Russia; assessment (rating) of child well-being of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The review article presents the main theses of the international scientific and practical conference “Prospects for the introduction of the index of child well-being in Russia” held on December 12, 2022. The article reveals the existing issues, developments and prospects for development in the field of child well-being, including the Russian experience of developing a child well-being index, conducting research in the field of subjective well-being of minors.
Analysis Of An Inductive Coupling Wireless Power Transfer System With a Finite Element Method For Charging Application Of Electric Vehicles
Authors: ÖZÜPAK Yıldırım , ÇINAR Mehmet
Published: September 2023

With the development of technology, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems have also started to be used in charging applications of electric vehicles. The basic methods of WPT systems are based on power transmission systems with laser, microwave, magnetic induction and magnetic resonance. Factors such as the limited use of fossil fuels and environmental pollution have led researchers to see electric vehicles as a solution and to charge these vehicles with wireless systems. Most commercial applications of wireless power transmission are currently limited to close contact transmission distances. There are challenges in increasing coverage, routing transmissions and safely exploiting sufficiently strong electric fields. To provide power efficiently, highly directional transmitters must be applied. Otherwise, with an omnidirectional transmission, only a small part of the transmitted power will reach the receiver. In order to distribute power, especially over long distances, it is often necessary to resort to radiation transfer methods that tightly combine electric and magnetic fields. In this study, important studies on WPT systems were investigated and examined. Then, a WPT transformer is modeled with Finite Element Method based ANSYS-Maxwell-3D. The results obtained using the simulation method are presented in comparison with the research findings. Determining the efficiency of wireless power transfer used in electric vehicle charging applications is the expected result of the study.
New Solutions for the Resonant Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Anti-Cubic Nonlinearity
Authors: CAVLAK ASLAN Ebru , GÜRGÖZE Leyla
Published: September 2023

In this work, the Resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation (RNLSE) with anti-cubic nonlinearity is considered. The Jacobi elliptic function method (JEFM) has been employed on the RNLSE. The many new forms of dark, dark-bright, singular, combo-singular, bright-singular solitons and periodic solutions for governing model are reached. Furthermore, the graphics of solutions are presented.
Determination of Energy Absorption Capabilities of Shear Thickening Fluid Impregnated Aramid Fiber Fabrics for Ballistic Applications
Authors: AYTEN Ali İmran
Published: September 2023

Low velocity impact behavior of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated aramid fabric having different number of layers had been investigating throughout this study to determine a relationship between number of layers and perforation energy. Firstly, STF solutions including polyethylene glycol, silica nanoparticles and ethanol were prepared by mixing a homogenizer. Solutions containing 20% silica nanoparticles by weight were used in this study. Rheological analysis was performed to observe thickening behavior of solution. After thickening behavior and critical shear rate was determined from rheological analysis, solution was impregnated into aramid fabric. Then, specimens having different number of layers from 1 to 8 were prepared for low velocity impact experiments. A drop weight impact test was applied at different energy levels and perforation energy was determined. Finally, a curve fitting equation was found to use it for potential energy absorption applications such as ballistic impact.
3BResNet: A Novel Residual Block-Based ResNet Model Approach for COVID19 Detection
Authors: KILINÇ Ekrem Eşref , AKA Fahrettin , METLEK Sedat
Published: September 2023

In recent years, upper respiratory tract infections that have affected the whole world have caused the death of millions of people. It is predicted that similar infections may occur in the coming years. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods that can be used widely, especially during epidemic periods. The study developed a decision support system for use in upper respiratory tract infections. At this stage, first, the ResNet models in the literature were examined and an application was developed on the SARS-CoV-2 Ct dataset. Next stage, the block structure in the ResNet models in the literature was changed, the number of layers was reduced, and a new model was proposed that provides higher success with fewer parameters. With the proposed model, the values 0.97, 0.97, 0.94, and 0.98 were achieved for accuracy, F1 score, precision and sensitivity on the SARS-CoV-2 Ct dataset, respectively. When the obtained values are compared to state of the art methods in the literature, it has been determined that they are at a competitive level with much fewer parameters. Hardware-related problems encountered in the training of ResNet models at low hardware levels were solved with the proposed model, resulting in a higher success rate. Furthermore, the proposed model can be widely used in different decision support systems that are urgently needed in adverse conditions such as pandemics due to its lightweight structure and high-performance results.
Q-HOMOTOPY SHEHU ANALYSIS TRANSFORM METHOD OF TIME-FRACTIONAL COUPLED BURGERS EQUATIONS
Authors: BEKTAŞ Umut , ANAÇ Halil
Published: September 2023

In this study, numerical solutions to time-fractional coupled Burgers equations are obtained utilizing the q-homotopy Shehu analysis transform method. The definition of fractional derivatives in the sense of Caputo. q-homotopy Shehu analysis transform method is also used to find the numerical solutions of the time-fractional coupled Burgers equations. In addition, the MAPLE software is utilized to plot the graphs of the solutions. These results demonstrate that the presented method is accurate and simple to implement.
Disparities in Food Security and Glycemic Control Among People with Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tran Thanh , Cristello Sarteau Angelica , Fogleman Cy , Young Laura Anne , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Background

Little is known about the differing impacts of food insecurity on HbA1c by race in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Predictions around increased food insecurity from COVID-19 exacerbating racial disparities led us to estimate its prevalence and associations with HbA1c by race during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Data came from medical records and surveys among a clinic-based sample of T2D patients. Linear regression models estimated associations between food insecurity and HbA1c and between change in food insecurity and change in HbA1c. Likelihood ratio tests and examination of stratum-specific estimates assessed effect modification by race.

Results

Our sample was 59% White, 59% female, and mean age was 60.8 ± 12.6. During the pandemic, food insecurity prevalence and HbA1c were significantly (p < .05) higher among non-Whites (39%, 8.4% ± 2.1) compared to Whites (15%, 7.8% ±1.6). HbA1c among those who were very food insecure was 1.00% (95% CI: 0.222, 1.762, p = .01) higher than those who were food secure. Those with increased food insecurity had a 0.58% (95% CI: 0.024, 1.128, p = .04) higher HbA1c increase than among those experiencing no change. No effect modification was detected.

Limitations

Convenience sampling in an endocrinology clinic, recall bias, and inadequate power may underlie null effect modification results.

Conclusion

Although effect modification was not detected, racial disparities in HbA1c and food insecurity warrant further investigation.

These disparities, combined with the significant impact of food insecurity on HbA1c, suggest that prioritization of resources to high-risk populations should be considered early during public emergencies to minimize short- and long-term health consequences.
Bilastine 0.6% Preservative-Free Eye Drops as an Effective Once-Daily Treatment for the Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Pooled Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Gomes PJ , Ciolino JB , Arranz P , Gonzalo A , Fernández N , Hernández G
Published: September 2023

Background: Allergic conjunctivitis is the most common type of ocular allergy.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new once-daily, preservative-free, bilastine 0.6% eye drop formulation for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
Methods: Two double-masked, vehicle-controlled, clinical studies (a phase 2 dose-ranging study and a phase 3 efficacy study) were conducted to assess the efficacy of bilastine ophthalmic solution for treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. Both studies used the Ora-CAC® Conjunctival Allergen Challenge (CAC) model to enable observation of allergic responses under controlled conditions. Each study was analyzed separately and then combined to create an integrated data set.
Results: Efficacy was achieved for the primary efficacy endpoint of ocular itching with 3 bilastine concentrations (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%) at 15 minutes and 8 hours after instillation. Bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution was also efficacious at 16 hours after instillation. Bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution demonstrated noninferiority to ketotifen 0.025% at the onset of action. According to the integrated data set, differences between vehicle and bilastine 0.6% after instillation were significant at all time points both at onset (15 minutes) and after a prolonged duration (16 hours).
Conclusion: This multitrial assessment suggests that bilastine 0.6% ophthalmic solution is efficacious for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, with a rapid onset and prolonged duration of action, and has a favorable safety profile. The added convenience of once-daily dosing may contribute to adherence and improve quality of life.
Continuous renal replacement therapy during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation run: a questionary-based survey
Authors: Dalal Parth , Jayakumar Indira , Gude Anupama
Published: September 2023

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is becoming a broadly available form of prolonged cardiopulmonary support. Given a higher risk of complications fluid overload and acute kidney injury with ECMO, its conjugation with renal replacement therapy is seems to be beneficial in correcting acid-base and electrolyte imbalance and fluid overload. ECMO with RRT is rarely used in Indian centers. This survey gathered expert’s opinion for routinely faced clinical questions related to ECMO run during RRT/Continuous RRT.
Methods: This was a questionary-based survey wherein a structured questionnaire composed of seven questions about ECMO run during RRT/CRRT was mailed as Google form to randomly selected 23 physicians and their responses have been received within one month duration (November 2022 to December 2022).
Results: Fluid overload (65.2%) and AKI (47.8%) were found to be the most common indications to put a patient on RRT while ECMO. Almost responders (36.4%) stated that 20-40% patients required RRT while on ECMO. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (47.8%) was the most preferred choice of RRT while on ECMO. Hypotension (38.1%), electrolyte disturbance (14.3%), and hemolysis (23.8%) were the three most common complications in patient on CRRT with ECMO. Majority of the experts feel that introducing CRRT with ECMO circuit was moderately challenging.
Conclusions: Clinicians should consider the early introduction of CRRT to address acute kidney injury and fluid overload in the ECMO population. With this survey, we would like to spread awareness among physicians about important aspect CRRT during ECMO.
Exploring Psychological and Socio-Economic Impact of Covid 2019 on Healthcare Workers in India: Evidence from Delhi-NCR Hospitals
Authors: Kaur Paramjeet , Arora Gurminder Kaur
Published: September 2023

The prevalence and severity of Covid 2019 has brought to light new vulnerabilities of Health Care Workers (HCWs) in their working conditions, social protection, and occupational safety and mental health. In view of this, our paper aimed to provide comprehensive analysis of psychological stress, socio-economic impact, government intervention, interpersonal relations, work-life balance, and coping strategies of HCWs during the pandemic time in India. Based on data collected physically from 606 HCWs working in seven hospitals located in Delhi-NCR using structured questionnaires, six latent variables were constructed. T-test and ANOVA technique along with Post-hoc analysis was used to make comparisons and identify groups across which significant differences existed. Further, a two-group discriminant analysis was performed to find the variables that best discriminated between HCWs from private or public hospitals and medically or not-medically trained. Lastly, chi-squared (χ²) test was performed to examine the statistical association between coping strategies and few demographic characteristics. The results revealed that females and medically-trained HCWs were more psychologically stressed than their counterparts. Work-life-balance and interpersonal relations were found to be more disturbed among the medically-trained HCWs. Government regulations favourably affected the non-medically trained and HCWs with children and elderlies. Additionally, the impact of interpersonal relationships and work-life-balance was found to be adverse on permanent HCWs. Discriminant analysis showed that interpersonal relationships, followed by government intervention, work-life balance and socio-economic impact were the most important predictors between medically and non-medically trained HCWs. However, none of these factors discriminated between HCWs from private or public hospitals. Further, the preference patterns of coping strategies suggested that HCWs worked with an optimistic state of mind and adopted positive techniques. To make the healthcare system more resilient, it is strongly suggested that the government should play a key role during the times of pandemic, especially-encompassing females and financially stressed categories of HCWs.
An mRNA-based reverse-vaccinology strategy to stimulate the immune response against Nipah virus in humans using fusion glycoproteins
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Mehmood Sarmad , Aziz Tariq , Hammad Arif Muhammad , Ali Urooj , Nouroz Faisal , Zacharis Christos , Alharbi Metab , Alshammari Abdulrahman , Alasmari Abdullah F.
Published: September 2023

The zoonotic pathogen, Nipah virus, is considered a potential healthcare threat due to its high mortality rates and detrimental symptoms like encephalitis. Ribavirin, an antiviral drug helps in overcoming the number of casualties and reducing the mortality rate, but no long-lasting solution has been proposed yet putting global health security in jeopardy. Given the cognizance of mRNA-based vaccines as safe and efficacious preventative strategies against pathogens, the current study has utilized the reverse-vaccinology approach coupled with immunoinformatics to propose an mRNA-based vaccine candidate against the Nipah virus. To ensure the effectiveness of the vaccine candidate against all strains of Nipah and associated viruses, three fusion glycoproteins from Nipah and Hendra viruses were selected. A total of 30 potential epitopes, 10 B-cell-, 10 MHC-I-, and 10 MHC-II-specific, were screened for the construct. The finalized epitopes were highly antigenic with scores ranging from 0.75 to 1.7615 at a threshold of 0.4 for viruses and non-homologous to Homo sapiens eradicating any chance of immune tolerance. The construct, with a World population coverage of 97.2%, was structurally stable, thermostable, and hydrophilic with indices of 32.91, 93.62, and –0.002, respectively. The vaccine candidate’s tertiary structure was predicted with a TM score of 0.131 and the refined model displayed superlative RAMA improvement (98.2) and MolProbity score (0.975). A quality factor of 93.5421% further validated the structural quality and stability. A prompt and stable immune response was also simulated, and the vaccine candidate was shown to eliminate from the body within the first five days of injection. Immune complexes count of 7000 mg/mL was predicted against the antigen with a small but nonsignificant danger signal, countered by the cytokines. Lastly, strong molecular interactions of the vaccine candidate with TLR-3 (331.09 kcal/mol) and TLR-4 (-333.31 kcal/mol) and molecular dynamics simulation analysis authenticated the immunogenic potential of the vaccine candidate. This vaccine candidate can serve as a foundation for future in-vitro and in-vivo trials to minimize or eradicate the diseases associated with the Nipah virus or the Henipaviral family.