bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Spirituality and Social Media Addiction among Adults
Authors: DEMİROĞLU Birsen , TAŞ Besra
Published: December 2021

In recent years, with the rapidly developing and changing technology, it is seen that many users of all ages have entered into new searches and spent a long time of their lives in social media areas, and these applications have a great impact on people. Based on this idea, no study on adult spirituality and social media addiction was found in the literature review, and it was studied with the thought that this study would be beneficial in the literature.
In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between adults' spirituality and social media addiction levels. Correlation method, one of the Quantitative Research models, was used in the study. The study group of the research consists of 724 adult individuals living in the metropolis located in the west of Turkey.. "Spirituality Scale", "Social Media Addiction Scale - Adult Form" and "Personal Information Form" were used to collect data. As a result of the research, a statistically significant relationship was found between the scores of the spirituality scale and the scores of the social media addiction scale. It was observed that as the spirituality scale score increased, the social media addiction scale score decreased.
Agronegocios y su impacto en las condiciones de vida
Authors: Ortega Ríos Guillermo , Palau Marielle
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza el avance del modelo del agronegocio y su impacto en las condiciones de vida de la población paraguaya y en la naturaleza. Primeramente, analiza con una perspectiva histórica el avance de sus principales rubros y el paquete tecnológico que lo caracteriza, referenciando como el mismo es parte del mito del desarrollo que se impone con una lógica colonial desde el norte global a los países del sur. Al analizar su impacto, se detiene particularmente en casos paradigmáticos que evidencian la violación al derecho a la vida, el derecho a la salud y a la alimentación, así como también en la biodiversidad y las condiciones de la vida misma. Se concluye en la urgencia de cambiar el modelo de desarrollo, para lo cual es imprescindible la reforma agraria y avanzar hacia la soberanía alimentaria.
Violencia armada del “EPP” en el norte paraguayo desde las voces disidentes y a cara descubierta
Authors: Pereira Hugo
Published: December 2021

Los hechos de violencia registrados en el norte paraguayo desde el año 2008, atribuidos a una supuesta organización guerrillera conocida como “Ejército del Pueblo Paraguayo”, a la que se identifica con la sigla “EPP”, han sido relatados de manera hegemónica desde la perspectiva de la versión oficial amplificada por los grandes medios de comunicación. En un más de una década de violencia armada se han registrado algunos episodios que han configurado la aparición de crisis que posibilitaron la irrupción en el debate público de voces que fueron marginadas en todos estos años del relato oficial y de las reflexiones de analistas conservadores y progresistas, incluso de ciertos referentes de organizaciones de Derechos Humanos. Esas voces disidentes, de pobladores campesinos e indígenas del norte paraguayo, se desmarcan de la violencia del “EPP”. Lo hacen sin esconderse en el anonimato, a cara descubierta. Todo esto coloca en entredicho las afirmaciones que aseguran la existencia del involucramiento de la población con el “grupo insurgente” y el supuesto silencio al que se llama para evitar represalias de una “guerrilla” a la que en realidad rechaza, lo que además hace inviable el apoyo político que toda insurgencia requiere para alcanzar sus objetivos.
Integrated Infrastructure Systems for Future-Ready Cities
Authors: Yong Kwet Yew
Published: December 2021

Cities are complex large-scale systems of which water and transport systems are as critical as the fragility of the aging urban centres. A Future-ready city would require a total review of the integration of residential, commercial and transport systems and provide better access to health-care and transport for the elderly. The new norm which is already happening is to build new intelligent buildings, fully integrated with a seamless public transport system to meet commercial, residential and recreational needs. These combined structures should make optimal use of both underground and aerial space in compact cities. Cities around the world are also exploiting innovations in information technologies and data sciences to create the Digital or Smart City of the future. E-commerce, tele-commuting, wireless communication and data-driven decision making are changing the way we work and our lifestyle. The infrastructure of the Future-ready city will need to adapt to these changes and be designed to maximize the productivity benefits of these technologies. At the same time these information technologies offer opportunity to improve the planning, design, management and operation of the city infrastructure in an integrated and efficient manner. An intelligent and integrated transportation infrastructure powered by an info-structure is becoming a reality. Every Future-ready city must have a climate resilient action plan to address warmer weather, heavier rainfall, prolonged dry spell and rising sea-levels that can cause significant damage to home and businesses. Rebuilding and enhancing urban infrastructure faces problems beyond the search for engineering solutions. Spending on infrastructure projects has been grossly inadequate, and policies and political barriers must be addressed and overcome. A city that stops investing in its infrastructure takes the first step toward decline
Basin-centric approach to the sustainable development of agriculture in the context of climate change
Authors: Dehodiuk S.E. , Degodiyk Е.G. , Borko Yu.P.
Published: December 2021

The aim is to develop conceptual principles of sustainable development of the agrosphere and reproduction of degraded riverbeds of small rivers under climate change. Methods. Methodology and methods of system approach, monitoring, statistical analysis, and synthesis of scientific data. Results. It has been determined the ecological condition in Ukraine and the world has been by the manifestations of degradation processes in terrestrial ecosystems and small river basins on the principle of causation. It has been suggested the conceptual bases of restoration of channels of small rivers and their basins by carrying out engineering, culture-technical works in channels and floodplains of small rivers, the organization of adaptive landscaping of the territory, and also carrying out agro-, chemo-, bio- and phyto-meliorations in their basins without disturbance the basis of erosion and giving impetus to self-renewal of natural fauna and flora. In the processes of nature restoration, the leading role of domestic science in the methodological and methodological support of projects has been identified, and importance is attached to the restoration of natural biodiversity and biologization in agricultural systems. We proposed to create a state mortgage land bank with a concentration in it of land fees of ecological funds with the involvement of domestic and foreign investment. It is recommended to test the idea in several model pools of soil-climatic zones with further replication in Ukraine and the spread of technology beyond its borders. Conclusions. А systematic approach is needed to carry out reclamation works in the basins of small rivers is to implement the basin approach. To implement the program, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine must adopt the Law of Ukraine “On Agriculture, Sustainable Development of the Biosphere and Ecological Nature Management”, the project of which was developed at the NSC “Institute of Agriculture of NAAS”. The NSC “Institute of Agriculture of NAAS” with appropriate financial and personnel support on a multifunctional basis can perform the functions of a methodological center for the development of methodology and techniques of land management and reclamation in the process of restoring small river basins.
The effectiveness of the use of biostimulants of growth in the technology of growing spring wheat in the Northern Forest-Steppe
Authors: Yula V.M. , Drozd М.О.
Published: December 2021

Research goal. Determination of the effectiveness of growth biostimulants in the technology of growing soft spring wheat in the northern forest-steppe of Ukraine to obtain high yield and grain quality. Methods. Field, laboratory research, mathematical and statistical analysis. Results. Under the conditions of the northern forest-steppe of Ukraine the effect of the complex application of elements of adaptive technology of cultivation, in particular, mineral fertilizers, protection system and biostimulants of plant growth on the productivity of soft spring wheat variety Nedra was established.The cultivation technology, which provided for the application of N45P90K90 before sowing and by N45 during IV and VIII stages of organogenesis against the background of ensiling the by-products of predecessor and integrated crop protection in combination with the use of biostimulants in the average years of research, received the highest yield of spring wheat - 4.08 t/ha. Yield increase with this technology compared to the control was 2.03 t/ha. Crude protein content under these growing conditions was 16.3 %, crude gluten – 32.8 %, which corresponds to the 1st class of grain quality according to DSTU 3768: 2019. At low production costs for purchase and application of biostimulants of growth (only 200 UAH/ha) the economic effect of their use varied from 0,85 to 1,6 thousand UAH/ha in different fertilization technologies of growing soft spring wheat of Nedra variety. The cost of 1 ton of grain was reduced by 0,20–0,57 thousand UAH. Conclusions. The average yield increase of spring wheat from biostimulants application was 0.2–0.35 t/ha depending on fertilization level in growing technology. иThe use of biostimulants in combination with mineral fertilizers, to a greater extent, influenced the increase in the weight of 1000 grains. At technology, which provided the introduction of mineral fertilizer in a dose of N45P90K90 before sowing and by N45 on IV and VIII stages of organogenesis on the background of encroaching by-products predecessor and integrated system of protection received the highest economic effect of biostimulants application – 1.6 thousand UAH/ha, for reducing the cost of producing 1 ton of grain at 0.33 thousand UAH.
The manifestation of the main quantitative characteristics in the populations of second-generation beans and their parent forms
Authors: Romanyuk L.S.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research was to study the nature of variability of the main quantitative traits in hybrid populations of the second generation Phaseolus vulgaris L. within the framework of the task 13.00.01.28. F “To study the nature of the inheritance of quantitative traits in hybrids of create a starting material with improved flavoring properties.As a result of the studies carried out, it was found that regardless of the duration of the growing season of the parent components of the crossing, in the hybrid populations of the second generation, the limits of variability for this indicator went beyond the limits of the variability of the parent forms. The average values of the duration of the growing season in hybrids were intermediate between the indicators of the corresponding parent forms. The coefficients of variation in the parent forms were insignificant (1.1 – 1.4%); in hybrid populations they were low – from 4.9% (Line 744-14 / Ukrainka) to 9.2% (Line 741-14 / Suita).In terms of plant height, the limits of variability of hybrid offspring F2 went beyond the limits of variability of the parent components. The average values of the trait in hybrid populations significantly exceeded the corresponding indicators of the parent forms. The degree of variability in plant height of hybrid populations was significant in the combination Line 872-14 / Podolyanka-1 (the parent components differ in the type of plant growth) and was equal to 20.6% versus 3.5% and 4.9% for the corresponding parent forms. In other hybrid populations, the coefficient of variation was average (Ukrainka / Suita-16.5%; Line 741-14 / Suita – 13.5%; Line 744-14 / Ukrainka -10.1%) The degree of variability of the corresponding parental forms was in the range from 2.8% to 3.1%.The widest range of variability was observed according to the characteristics of the mass of seeds from the plant, the number of seeds from the plant, the number of beans from the plant. The degree of variability of the seed mass from the plant in hybrid populations ranged from 30.3% to 39.1% (in the parent forms from 9.1% to 21.7%); the number of seeds from the plant from 22.3% to 40.7% (in the parent forms from 9.8% to 20.1%); the number of beans from the plant from 28.1% to 38.3% (in the parent forms from 4.7% to 16.2%). The degree of variation of the studied traits in hybrid populations was 2–3 times higher than in the parent forms.By the weight of 100 seeds in the offspring of the second generation, the range of variation was much wider than this indicator in the parent forms. The degree of variability on this trait was average for hybrid populations (from 10.6% to 13.4%), and insignificant for parental forms (from 3.7% to 6.6%).It is possible that the most valuable in terms of breeding may be the hybrid combination Line 872-14/Podolyanka, from the widest range of variability in the studied traits in the second generation population.
Study of resistance of potato varieties to drought in the conditions of the Central Polissya of Ukraine
Authors: Pysarenko N. V. , Sydorchuk V. I. , Zakharchuk N.A.
Published: December 2021

Objective. To determine and evaluate the indicators of changes in the water regime of the most common varieties of potatoes (on the 60th and 85th day of germination) in the conditions of central Polissya of Ukraine, namely the coefficients of water recovery, water retention, drought resistance and water deficit. Methods. Field and laboratory-based, selection and statistical. Results. The coefficients of water retention, water recovery capacity and drought resistance and water deficit of plant leaves are determined. The highest water content of potato leaves was observed among the following varieties: Tyras, Nahoroda, Serpanok, Slovianka and Chervona Ruta. It is established that the mechanism of water recovery in potato varieties of different maturity groups is different, the highest percentage of this indicator in early-maturing varieties is observed on the 60th day from germination, in the mid ripening group on the 85th day from germination. High value of the integrated indicator of water recovery was demonstrated by the following varieties: Tyras, Vyhoda, Yavir, Lietana, Slovianka Volodarka, Bazaliia and Chervona Ruta. It was found that on the 60th day from germination among the following potato varieties: Chervona Ruta, Serpanok, Avanhard, Mezhyrichka, Nahoroda, Oleksandryt, Radomysl and Bazaliia, the drought resistance coefficient was ≤ 80%. It was found that only in the varieties Tyras and Slovianka, on the 85th day after germination, there is an increase in the numerical expression of the drought resistance coefficient, which indicates an increased degree of adaptation of plants to soil moisture deficiency. In the first and second record the indicator of water deficit of the most of the studied varieties of potatoes was within acceptable limits, indicating a slight negative effect of weather conditions on the physiological state of plants. A slightly increased indicator of water deficit was observed on the 60th day of germination among the following potato varieties: Tyras, Volodarka and Levada, but within two weeks it decreased to a safe level. Conclusions. We recommend growing potato varieties that have shown high values of integrated indicators of water regime in the area of central Polissya and use as a source material for breeding purposes in the creation of new drought-resistant genotypes.
NGHIÊN CỨU SỰ TƯƠNG HỢP HÓA HỌC CỦA NITROXENLULO VỚI GAMMA-POLYOXYMETHYLENE
Authors: Co
Published: December 2021

Bài báo đưa ra kết quả sử dụng các phương pháp khác nhau như TGA, DSC và VST để nghiên cứu khả năng tương hợp của γ-polyoxymetylen (g-POM) với Nitroxenlulo No3(NC No3). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, g-POM hoàn toàn tương hợp với NC No3. Ngoài ra, sự phân hủy nhiệt của g-POM, NC No3 đơn chất và hỗn hợp của chúng cũng đã được nghiên cứu. Kết quả này là cơ sở khoa học cho phép sử dụng g-POM với hàm lượng thích hợp trong thành phần của thuốc phóng.
Radio Drama Competition as an Effective Tool to Boost the Motivation and Self-Confidence of Primary and Secondary School English Learners in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Kevin Kai-Wing , Tang William Ko Wai
Published: December 2021

In this report, we investigate the use of a radio drama competition to boost motivation, self-confidence, and cooperation in language learning for primary and secondary school students in Hong Kong. The results suggest the radio drama competition had a positive impact on increasing motivation, collaboration, and confidence in language learning. 

For the study, we used online surveys and interviews with students and teachers who participated in the radio drama competition to examine their perceptions of the competition. We have included the surveys and interview results of two competitions in consecutive years, and both years’ results indicate students had positive views about their experience. Both students and teachers believed the competition enhanced collaboration and teamwork, confidence, and communication skills most. 

This paper contributes to the literature by shedding light on the pedagogical implications of English teachers incorporating more radio drama and language arts into their classrooms to improve students’ language learning. Well-selected language arts materials could increase students’ language learning process as well as their motivation and self-confidence to learn the target language.
UTICAJ PROGRAMSKIH SADRŽAJA VJEŽBANJA NA OSOBE TREĆE ŽIVOTNE DOBI OBOLELE OD DIABETES MELITUSA TIPA 2
Authors:   Državni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija, Mekić Raid , Mekić Merisa ,   Univerzitet u Ljubljani, Medicinski fakultet, Slovenija, Dolićanin Zana ,   Državni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija, Mavrić Adem ,   Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Srbija, Čaprić Ilma ,   Državni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija, Biševac Emir ,   Državni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija, Zećirović Armin ,   Univerzitet Istočno Sarajev, Fakultet  sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Bosna i Hercegovina
Published: December 2021

Istraživanje je obuhvatilo sedam originalnih naučnih radova. Svi radovi su zadovolјili problematiku i mogli su da daju odgovor na postavlјeni problem. Cilј rada je bio da se utvrdi uticaj programskih sadržaja vežbanja na osobe koje boluju od diabetes melitusa tipa 2 (DM) i značaj navedene aktivnosti na zdravlјe osoba sa ovim problemom. Kao metod uzeta je selekcija radova od 2002. do 2019. godine. Zaklјučujemo da je fizička aktivnost osoba sa DM delimično ograničena zbog specifičnosti bolesti. Posebna pažnja treba da bude usmerena na neželјene efekte, posebno hipoglikemiju. Učestalost vežbanja treba biti najmanje tri dana u nedelјi za aerobne aktivnosti i dva dana nedelјno za aktivnosti sa otporom. Rizik od hipoglikemije je povećan, kontrola glikemije kod ove populacije je teže ostvariva. Cilјeve upravlјanja DM kod starijih osoba treba postaviti drugačije prema svakom pacijentu.
Sediment oxygen demand in streams : lab measurements underestimate in situ rates substantially
Authors: Jeppesen Erik , Moth Iversen Torben , Sh Tserenpil
Published: December 2021

Global warming is expected to affect stream metabolism significantly; and higher temperatures may lead to higher respiration and thus higher risk of oxygen depletion. It is, therefore, crucial to obtain reliable data on the oxygen dynamics in the different stream compartments. Determination of sediment oxygen demand (SOD) is typically based on lab or field measurement using cores or benthic chamber in which the actual physical conditions in the streams are not possible to mimic perfectly. We compared SOD based on lab core incubations with SOD measured in situ in stream sections where the oxygen exchange between water and air was eliminated artificially. The in situ SOD increased with increasing oxygen concentrations and both the temperature and the oxygen dependency of SOD increased with increasing organic content in the surface sediment. The laboratory rates reached 17 - 83% of the rates obtained in situ. The percentages were especially low at low stream velocity, likely reflecting a pure imitation of the physical conditions near the sediment in the lab when the sediment organic content was high (at low velocity). Therefore, alternative methods, simulating the natural horizontal water flow, are needed to provide reliable information on SOD in streams.
Preface - volume 22(48), 2021
Authors: Temuujin Jadambaa
Published: December 2021

No Abstract in English
Hiding in Plain Sight—Relapsing Polychondritis Disguised as Uncontrolled Asthma
Authors: De Crem Nico , Happaerts Sofie , Dupont Lieven
Published: December 2021

A 55-year-old man was evaluated at the emergency department because of increasing shortness of breath and cough [...]
Clinical Improvement in Job Syndrome Following Administration of Co-trimoxazole, Omalizumab and Inhaled Tobramycin
Authors: Papaioannou Ourania , Karampitsakos Theodoros , Katsaras Matthaios , Sampsonas Fotios , Tzouvelekis Argyrios
Published: December 2021

Established treatment regimens for the autosomal dominant hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, denominated Job syndrome, are lacking. Thus, Job syndrome still exerts a dramatic impact on patients’ quality of life. Our aim was to present safety and effectiveness of a regimen including co-trimoxazole, omalizumab and inhaled tobramycin in Job syndrome. A 26-year-old woman diagnosed with Job syndrome since infancy through sequencing revealing G342D mutation in STAT3 gene was initiated in the above mentioned treatment regimen; she was followed for 6 months, and to date, none recurrent pulmonary or skin infection was noticed. Furthermore, a considerable improvement in skin lesions was observed. A combination of anti-IgE and longitudinal use of inhaled antibiotics seems well-founded in Job syndrome.
A Rare Cause of ST Segment Elevation: Avoiding Critical Errors in an Emergency
Authors: Garg Avneet , Singh Rakendra , Kaur Mansimranjit , Jindal Vinita
Published: December 2021

A 72-year-old female with a history of hypertension and chronic cough presented with worsening dys-pnoea, left-sided chest pain, and vomiting that had been present for two days [...]
Massive Pleural Effusion: An Uncommon but Important Cause to Consider
Authors: Garg Avneet , Singla Khushdeep , Kaur Mansimranjit , Jindal Vinita , Kaur Manjot
Published: December 2021

A 44 years old female presented with complaints of diffuse right sided chest pain, progressively increasing shortness of breath (mMRC grade 3), fever, loss of weight and anorexia for last 2 months [...]
Sarcoidosis in Coexistence with Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Authors: Śniady Anna , Boros Piotr , Burakowska Barbara , Martusewicz-Boros Magdalena
Published: December 2021

Granulomas formations are present in many lung diseases. Coexistence of one or more of these diseases is very rare. Diagnostics of such cases always poses a challenge. We present a case of coexistence of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and sarcoidosis.
The Question of Universals: Bolesław Leśmian
in Europe and the World
Authors: Nalewajk Żaneta
Published: December 2021

The question of universals helps address ways in which the unique aspects of Bolesław Leśmian’s
literary creation refl ect crucial concerns of Polish literature and culture. The local and the singular
become international and universal. This article demonstrates that Leśmian’s idiomatic, seemingly
untranslatable literary works enable translators and foreign readers to experience what appears
to be a higher order of universality
Apis mellifera (Rilke, Leśmian, Valéry, Miłosz)
Authors: Wójcik Tomasz
Published: December 2021

This essay concerns Paul Valéry’s sonnet The Bee, a fragment of Rainer Maria Rilke’s letter
to Witold Hulewicz, Boleslaw Lesmian’s poem The Bees, and a fragment of Czeslaw Milosz’s poem
Orpheus and Eurydice. Investigating the semantics and symbolism of the bee, a trope common
to each text, allows for a reading of a broader ontological project: the relationship between being
and non-being. This essay centres on denying the division between being and non-being, proposing
the concept of a greater whole instead.
In a strange other world. Urszula Kochanowska by Bolesław Leśmian translated into English
Authors: Wieczorkiewicz Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on English translations of Bolesław Leśmian’s Urszula Kochanowska, especially those by Marian Polak-Chlabicz and Krzysztof Bartnicki. The author of the article aims to
achieve a critical comparison between different translation strategies ventured to conquer the diffi culties associated with translating this verse, which is strongly connected with Polish culture and
literature. The close-reading of the translations is accompanied by a short outline of Leśmian’s
existence in English language along with an attempt to answer the question of whether translating
his poetic language is at all possible or is Leśmian’s work an evident proof (as many critics say)
of the phenomenon known as untranslatability.
Temperature distribution in beech wood during vacuum drying
Authors: Dobrowolska Ewa , Klimczak Andrzej
Published: December 2021

Temperature distribution in beech wood during vacuum drying. The temperature distribution and changes in humidity in beech wood in the form of friezes during drying in a vacuum were analysed. The intensity of the occurring phenomena of desorption and the volumetric flow of moisture through the anatomical structures of the wood, depending on the absolute pressure and the temperature of the process, was determined. It was found that the fastest temperature increase took place in the subsurface layers directly adjacent to the heating plates. The introduction of conditioning between the drying phases made it possible to even out the humidity and temperature distribution in the entire element. On the basis of the analysis of changes taking place between the volumes of the three components of wood, it was found that the volume of moisture in the form of vapor removed in the initial phase of drying is over 20 times greater than the volume of voids in wood structures, and in the following phases it decreases to 0.27. The average volume of vapour removed from 1 m3 of wood at the temperature of 55℃ is 13.9 m3/h, decreasing in the following phases to 9.1 m3/h at the drying temperature of 60℃ and then 3.1 m3/h at the temperature of 65℃. The drying rates for these phases reach the value of 0.15%/h, 0.17%/h and 0.075%/h, respectively. Direct measurements of wood moisture, made during the experimental course of the drying process at an absolute pressure of 150 hPa, follow the equivalent moisture, determined on the basis of the Hailwood-Horrobin model, taking into account the appropriate calculation factors.
Determinantes antropométricos da pressão arterial elevada em escolares do ensino fundamental
Authors: Haddad Laiza Santos Pimentel , Fernandes Kiscila Araújo , Lopes Guilherme Burini , Veloso Francielle Bosi Rodrigues , Caniçali Sheila Cristina , Poton Wanêssa Lacerda
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial infantil vem recebendo atenção especial dos pediatras, pois o aumento da pressão arterial na infância contribui para o início precoce da hipertensão arterial essencial na idade adulta e para a mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares. As medidas antropométricas têm sido úteis para o diagnóstico de sobrepeso e obesidade na infância, e tais condições são consideradas de risco para hipertensão arterial na idade adulta. Quanto mais precoce a identificação desses fatores de risco, seja no ambiente escolar, seja nos serviços de saúde, mais ações preventivas poderão ser desenvolvidas para minimizar tal problemática. Objetivo: Identificar a incidência de pressão arterial elevada e sua associação com medidas antropométricas em escolares do ensino fundamental. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal com 1.116 escolares; destes, 133 participaram de três avaliações no período de 2017 a 2019. As informações demográficas, as medidas antropométricas (peso, altura, circunferência abdominal, índice de massa corporal) e as pressóricas (sistólica e diastólica ajustadas de acordo com os parâmetros do Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças para sexo e idade) foram registradas em formulário. A associação das variáveis com a pressão arterial elevada foi analisada por meio da regressão de Poisson, com ajuste robusto da variância. Resultados: Dos estudantes, 51,6% eram meninos com, em média, 7,9 anos, e 45,4% tinham pressão arterial elevada conforme os critérios do Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças. Entre os que apresentaram circunferência abdominal elevada, 19,4% evoluíram de pressão sistólica normal para elevada e 35,5% de pressão diastólica normal para elevada ao longo dos três anos de acompanhamento. Nos escolares com sobrepeso ou obesidade, a pressão sistólica normal evoluiu para elevada em 20,7 e 21,2%, respectivamente, e a pressão diastólica normal evoluiu para elevada em 24,1 e 42,4%, respectivamente. Os escolares com circunferência abdominal (risco relativo – RR 1,51; intervalo de confiança – IC95% 1,20–1,91; RR 1,58; IC95% 1,25–2,00), peso (RR 1,37; IC95% 1,08–1,74; RR 1,34; IC95% 1,05–1,71) e índice de massa corporal elevado (RR 1,51; IC95% 1,21–1,87; RR 1,50; IC95% 1,20–1,88) apresentaram maior risco para hipertensão sistólica e diastólica, respectivamente. Conclusão: A circunferência abdominal, o peso e o índice de massa corporal estiveram associados com o aumento da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica nos escolares, e o risco foi maior entre os que tinham circunferência abdominal aumentada.
Securitas libertatis – Dialektik von Freiheit und Sicherheit im Zeichen der Pandemie
Authors: Bilgen Isa
Published: December 2021

The question of the relationship between freedom and security is characteristic of the discourse in times of crisis. In the coronavirus pandemic, too, society is faced with the challenge of how a democratic order can overcome the security crisis while preserving its fundamental principles, such as individual freedom as a highest value. This article explores this question. Following Axel Honneth, it is based on a social concept of freedom, which understands a social coexistence of people in security as essential for freedom in general. Freedom and security are interpreted dialectically and are accordingly not regarded as bipolar opposites, but as a unity. Considering deontological and consequentialist approaches, the text simultaneously assumes a primacy of social freedom. This is due to its dialectical nature. Because of its social character, freedom also implies mutual responsibility between individuals.
Verfassungsaufsicht in der Europäischen Union
Authors: Schmidt Matthias
Published: December 2021

This book offers, in five parts, an analysis of the so-called rule of law crisis in the EU. The first part focuses on the concepts that help to understand the rule of law crisis, in particular that of “systemic deficiencies in the rule of law”. In order to shine light on the complex concept of “rule of law” included in Art. 2 TEU, the author focusses on the operationalisation of the rule of law in recent CJEU jurisprudence. The second part of the book is devoted to developments in certain Member States that make up the rule of law crisis. Special attention is paid to Poland and Hungary. The third part deals with the main thesis of the book: why it is useful to conceive of the measures taken in response to the rule of law crisis as "constitutional supervision” in EU law. The merits and roots of this concept are discussed in detail. On this basis, the fourth part presents the core of the analysis: the different mechanisms of EU constitutional supervision. After introducing its different actors, the work focuses on the activities of the European Commission. The final part concludes with an outlook.
Die Nacherfüllung aus Verkäufersicht
Authors: Jungclaus Constantin
Published: December 2021

The thesis examines the question of which of the compared sales law systems is most likely to realize the (economic) interests of the seller in connection with the consumer’s claim for specific performance, which is characterized by a high level of consumer protection. In this respect, the thesis examines 7 different complexes - from the position of specific performance in the system of purchase warranty rights to the scope of specific performance owed and the objection of disproportionality. Dogmatic focal points are, for example, the problem of self-execution in the light of European Union law and the allocation of certain damage items to specific performance or to damage claims in the light of the case law of the European Court of Justice.
Geschlechtergerechter Konstitutionalismus in Tunesien
Authors: Laiadhi Alma
Published: December 2021

Tunisia is considered a success story of the so-called Arab Spring. In 2014, the country adopted a new constitution and enshrined women's rights in it. Has the constitutional process and the 2014 constitution created a ‘gender-equitable constitutional order’?

This thesis critically analyses developments in Tunisia through the lens of gender equity. It traces historical constitutional developments in the Mediterranean region and addresses the role of Islam. Alma Laiadhi iden-tifies a form of ‘femopatriotism’ in gender issues and shows to what extent elements of gender-equitable constitutionalism have emerged in Tunisia—including in its constitutional reality.
Die Corporate Governance der Bankaktiengesellschaft
Authors: Badenheim Christoph
Published: December 2021

The regulation of banks' internal corporate governance is characterized by an interplay between banking supervisory law and corporate law. This book examines the resulting special corporate law of banks from a legal-doctrinal and functional-economic perspective. First, the economic specifics of the corporate governance of banks are examined. Then, the current legal framework is analysed and the corporate objective of banks – as a guiding principle for directors’ duties – is determined. Finally, the special corporate law of banks is subjected to a functional analysis against the backdrop of the regulatory objectives – risk prevention in the public interest – and corresponding reform proposals are made.
Determinants of Equal Access to Higher Health Education Opportunities in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Authors: Marmarian Gholamreza , Hassani Mahammad , Mohajeran Behnaz
Published: December 2021

Background: Today, the health higher education system has a privileged position in maintaining, rebuilding, producing, and creating new knowledge and responsibilities in medical universities. Solving these problems requires adopting a scientific and research approach in order to provide fair conditions and equal educational opportunities. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the determinants of equal access to higher health education opportunities in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated contextual, input, process, and output indicators. Samples included the documents and statistics of seven schools of KUMS and 358 students of these schools in the academic year 2020 - 2021. Census sampling was used for the documents, and relative stratified random sampling was applied for the quantitative sections. Data analysis was performed in SPSS using TOPSIS and multiple linear regression models in a stepwise manner. Results: The independent variables were significant regarding the variable of inequality in educational opportunities among the medical students of KUMS (F = 590.11; P < 0.001). The variables of the model explained 99.7% of the variance of the dependent variable, indicating inequality between the KUMS medical schools in terms of the studied indicators. Conclusions: Government policies should be focused on the development of educational equality in medical sciences on all levels of health, education, and technological developments. Our findings indicated differences between the medical schools of KUMS in terms of educational indicators and the location of the schools in less privileged, semi-privileged, and privileged areas.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Therapy and Emotion Regulation Training on the Distress Tolerance of Adolescent Girls with a Drug-Dependent Parent
Authors: Najafi Chaleshtori Mahboobeh , Heidari Alireza , Asgari Parviz , Dasht Bozorgi Zahra , Hafezi Fariba
Published: December 2021

Background: The undesirable conditions resulting from addiction can be mitigated with timely diagnosis and effective interventions. Distress tolerance can be promoted in adolescents with a drug-dependent parent. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) therapy and emotion regulation training (ERT) on the distress tolerance of adolescent girls with a drug-dependent parent in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This clinical trial was performed on the experimental and control groups as the pretest-posttest design with follow-up. The statistical population included all the adolescent girl students with a drug-dependent parent in Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 45 adolescents with a drug-dependent parent selected by cluster sampling. The participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups of MBSR (eight 60-min sessions) and ERT (eight 45-min sessions) and a control group (n = 15 per group). All three groups were followed up after 45 days. The research instrument was the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), and data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance. Results: MBSR and ERT enhanced distress tolerance in adolescent girls with a drug-dependent parent (P < 0.001). The effects of the two interventions were not significantly different, and this result persisted in the follow-up stage. Conclusions: MBSR and ERT increased distress tolerance in adolescent girls with a drug-dependent parent. Therefore, these two interventions can be administered to enhance the mental health of adolescents.
Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and phthalate exposure: A review of literature
Authors: Erkekoglu Pınar , Özyurt Aylin , Yirün Anıl , Çakır Deniz
Published: December 2021

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that interfere with the body's endocrine system and cause adverse effects in biological systems. Phthalates are a group of man-made chemicals which are mainly used as plasticizers and classified as endocrine disruptors. They are also used in cosmetic and personal care products as color or smell fixators. Moreover, phthalates are present in inks, adhesives, sealants, automobile parts, tools, toys, carpets, medical tubing and blood storage bags, and food packages. Pathological condition known as "testicular dysgenesis syndrome" (TDS) or "phthalate syndrome" is usually linked to phthalate exposure and is coined to describe the rise in alterations in reproductive health in men, such as reduced semen quality (decrease in sperm counts, sperm motility and increase in abnormal sperms), hypospadias, cryptorchidism, reduced anogenital distance and early-life testicular cancer. Phthalates are suggested to cause direct effect on gonadal and non-gonadal tissues, impair the differentiation and morphogenesis of seminiferous tubules and accessory sex organs and testicular cells (both Sertoli and Leydig cells), alter estradiol and/or testosterone levels, decrease insulin-like 3 (INSL3) peptide production, impair spermatogenesis and lead to epigenetic alterations, all of which may lead to TDS. This review will mainly focus on phthalates as causes of TDS and their mechanisms of action.
Determining efficiency of tourism sector in certain European countries and regions by applying DEA analysis
Authors: Pavković Vladimir , Jević Goran , Jević Jelena , Nguyen Phong , Sava Cipriana
Published: December 2021

The paper presents research results of efficiency of tourism sector in certain European countries and regions obtained by applying DEA method. The primary goal of the paper is to determine to what extent tourism sector in certain European countries and regions is efficient in relation to set parameters, while the secondary goal is aimed at providing recommendations for its improvement. In relation to this, the methodology of the DEA analysis is based on the input and output parameters which were used to determine the efficiency. The input parameters included: number of hotels and similar accommodation capacities, number of rooms and number of bed places, whereas the output parameters included: number of inbound tourists, number of bed-nights and tourism expenditure during their stay abroad. One of the conclusions of the paper is that the total efficiency was shown in Croatia, Belgium, and Denmark, while the technical efficiency was also present in North Macedonia, France, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain.
Regional features of innovative development and differentiation of directions of innovation policy of Russia
Authors: Dubovitski Alexander , Klimentova Elvira , Rogov Matvei
Published: December 2021

In our manuscript we have made an attempt to study specific sides of Russian Federation's innovative development, analyze its impact in economy growth and provide main ways of innovative policy realization in different types of regions. The method is based on partial abstraction from the unique properties of each region, thereby uniting them into homogeneous groups using k-means method. Further analysis of the determination of the main factor at the level of country was carried out using decision trees functions with the subsequent collection of OOB errors. Group analysis was carried out using regression analysis. As a result, the authors obtained five types of regions (with a high, above average, average, below average, low level of innovative development), provided an individual characteristic for each group regarding the innovation development and identified prerogative innovative factors that can be considered by the state as a criterion for differentiating state policy and regulation of the development of innovation policy.
Bayesian Inference for Spatial Count Data that May be Over-Dispersed or Under-Dispersed with Application to the 2016 US Presidential Election
Authors: Yang Hou-Cheng , Bradley Jonathan R.
Published: December 2021

We propose a method of spatial prediction using count data that can be reasonably modeled assuming the Conway-Maxwell Poisson distribution (COM-Poisson). The COM-Poisson model is a two parameter generalization of the Poisson distribution that allows for the flexibility needed to model count data that are either over or under-dispersed. The computationally limiting factor of the COM-Poisson distribution is that the likelihood function contains multiple intractable normalizing constants and is not always feasible when using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques. Thus, we develop a prior distribution of the parameters associated with the COM-Poisson that avoids the intractable normalizing constant. Also, allowing for spatial random effects induces additional variability that makes it unclear if a spatially correlated Conway-Maxwell Poisson random variable is over or under-dispersed. We propose a computationally efficient hierarchical Bayesian model that addresses these issues. In particular, in our model, the parameters associated with the COM-Poisson do not include spatial random effects (leading to additional variability that changes the dispersion properties of the data), and are then spatially smoothed in subsequent levels of the Bayesian hierarchical model. Furthermore, the spatially smoothed parameters have a simple regression interpretation that facilitates computation. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach using simulated examples, and a motivating application using 2016 US presidential election voting data in the state of Florida obtained from the Florida Division of Elections.
Metas y tareas en la enseñanza de la lengua española en el nivel universitario en Japón
Authors: Mishima Yohei
Published: December 2021

Hoy en día, en más de doscientas universidades japonesas se ofrece la enseñanza de la lengua española como lengua extranjera con el fin de que los estudiantes adquieran tanto la lengua y la cultura como la capacidad de utilizar el español en negocios como segunda motivación. El presente artículo tiene el propósito de ofrecer una descripción de la enseñanza de la lengua española a partir de nuestra propia experiencia docente. Para ello, en primer lugar, se proporciona información sobre el número de las universidades que ofrecen la enseñanza de español en este nivel educativo en Japón a partir de los datos oficiales publicados por el gobierno japonés. A continuación, se presenta la metodología para la enseñanza de la gramática española a través de tres libros de texto utilizados en clases. Por último, se reflexiona sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de español en el ámbito universitario japonés.
Propuesta didáctica: Andalucía y la publicidad
Authors: Gómez López-Quiñones Loreto
Published: December 2021

A través del uso de la publicidad, vamos a intentar cubrir una serie de aspectos socioculturales de Andalucía. De esta forma, no solamente podremos ofrecer al alumnado de forma amena contenidos gramaticales y léxicos, sino que también les ayudaremos a entender mejor la cultura andaluza como algo en continuo cambio y más allá de los estereotipos.
Analysis of Settlement Behaviour of Soft Ground Under Wide Embankment
Authors: Jiang Xin , Chen Xiaoli , Fu Yongguo , Gu Hanyan , Hu Jinming , Qiu Xing , Qiu Yanjun
Published: December 2021

An elastoplastic numerical model for calculating the consolidation settlement of wide embankment on soft ground is established using PLAXIS finite element software to investigate the settlement behaviour of soft ground under the wide embankment. The distribution rules are analysed and compared to narrow embankments, such as surface settlements of ground and embankment, lateral displacement of soft ground at the foot of embankment slope and excess pore pressure in soft ground. The influence rule of elastic modulus of soft ground on the settlement of soft ground under wide embankment is discussed. The results show that the settlement distributions of wide and narrow embankments on soft ground are “W” and “V” shapes, respectively. The maximum settlement of wide embankment is near the foot of the embankment slope, which is unequal to the settlement at the centreline of the embankment. The lateral displacement distribution rules of soft ground are both “belly” shaped at the foot of two types of embankments slope. However, the lateral displacement of the wide embankment is larger in each corresponding stage. During the construction period, the excess pore pressure in the soft ground under the wide embankment is much higher than that of the narrow embankment, so the post-construction consolidation time of the wide embankment is longer. Moreover, the macroscopic settlement rule of the wide embankment is still the same with the increase of elastic modulus of soft ground.