bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disinformation against Crimean Tatars in Russian Social Media
Authors: Bidochko Lesia
Published: July 2024

This article examines the persistence of Tatarophobia against Crimean Tatars in the Russian segment of social media during the first year of the full-scale invasion (24 February 2022–24 February 2023). A total of 4,435 posts from various social media platforms, including Facebook, Odnoklassniki, Telegram, Twitter, and Vkontakte, were analysed. The discourse predominantly echoes Russia’s imperial and Soviet-era narratives, along with xenophobic and oppressive rhetoric exacerbated by the full-fledged invasion. The propaganda seeks to cultivate a negative perception of Crimean Tatars as an ethnic community, manipulating cultural and historical aspects related to them. Additionally, it endeavours to construct an adversarial image of relations between Ukraine and the Crimean Tatars, as well as of Ukraine’s current policies. Russian special services perceive the capacity of Crimean Tatars to self-organize, establish volunteer units, or organize blockades as a threat. The propaganda effort not only fosters harassment and hate speech but also encourages peninsula residents to view them as “unreliable elements” deserving of suppression.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS COM A POLIFARMÁCIA EM PESSOAS IDOSAS VIVENDO COM O HIV/Aids: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Martins Grande Pâmella Cristina , Welter Wendt Guilherme
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Este estudo aborda a polifarmácia e seus fatores associados em pessoas idosas que vivem com HIV/Aids, destacando a importância de compreender a complexidade terapêutica nessa população a fim de promover a longevidade e qualidade de vida. A população idosa está em crescimento, sendo  o diagnóstico tardio do HIV/Aids e o estigma relacionado ao vírus fatores que tornam a adesão ao tratamento mais difícil. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sobre o fenômeno da polifarmácia na população idosa, identificando os principais problemas relacionados aos medicamentos em uso, bem como as possíveis implicações na adesão e eficácia do tratamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura, que mapeia a produção acadêmica sobre o tema da polifarmácia em pessoas idosas que vivem com o HIV/Aids entre 2012 e 2023. Foram utilizados descritores e palavras-chave específicos em bases de dados selecionadas, assim como critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos previamente. Resultados: Foram selecionados 81 artigos nas plataformas PubMed, LILACS e BVS. Desses, trinta foram considerados, tendo em vista os critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos e, portanto, analisados em sua completude. Conclusão: O estudo apontou que além de considerar os problemas associados à polifarmácia, é preciso disseminar conhecimento sobre a sexualidade na terceira idade visando prevenir o diagnóstico tardio do HIV/Aids. É essencial que haja preparação dos serviços de saúde e que sejam realizadas pesquisas e ações voltadas às pessoas idosas, com o objetivo de assegurar-lhe o diagnóstico precoce, o cuidado adequado e o tratamento integrado.
OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE VERGİ MUAFİYETİ ve TOPLUM YAPISI: VİZE SANCAĞINDA MUAF VE MÜSELLEMLER (XVI. YÜZYILIN İKİNCİ YARISINDA)
Authors: Özcan Almıla Gökçe
Published: July 2024

Osmanlı Devleti toplumu vergi ödeme durumuna bağlı olarak iki ana gruba ayırmıştı. Bunlar askerîler (vergiden muaf olanlar) ve reaya (vergi ödemekle yükümlü olanlar) idi. Osmanlı toplumunda bu iki gruptan ayrı olarak bir de muaf ve müsellemler grubu vardı. Muaf ve müsellemler grubu birtakım hizmetleri yerine getirdikleri sürece hizmetleri karşılığında birtakım vergilerden muaf tutulmuştu. Bu makalenin amacı Osmanlı Devleti’nin muaf ve müsellemler grubuna vergi muafiyeti tanımasının sebeplerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu nedenle devletin vergi muafiyeti tanıdığı kişi ve gruplar, vergi muafiyeti vermesine sebep olan hizmetler, muafiyet tanıdığı vergiler ve muafiyet prosedürü Vize sancağı örneğinde incelenmiştir. Bu sebeple makalenin kaynağı olarak tahrir defterleri ve mühimme defterleri seçilmiştir. Devlet sancakta saray hizmetlerine, konum ve güvenlik hizmetine, ulaşım hizmetlerine, yerleşim yerinin statüsüne, kişinin beden ve sağlık durumuna, kişinin maddi durumuna, üretime, dinî hizmet ve statüye bağlı olarak muafiyet tanımıştı.
SELANİK’TE MUHTARLIK KURUMUNUN OLUŞTURULMASI: MAHALLELER VE İLK MUHTARLAR
Authors: Hazırbulan Tahsin
Published: July 2024

SELANİK’TE MUHTARLIK KURUMUNUN OLUŞTURULMASI: MAHALLELER VE İLK MUHTARLAR
Tahsin HAZIRBULAN*
Öz: II. Mahmud’un saltanat zamanı Osmanlı Devleti’nin ayanlar karşısında merkezileşme, batı karşısında modernleşmenin başladığı bir dönemdir. İdarî anlamda ayanların taşrada, Yeniçeri Ocağı’nın merkezdeki hâkimiyeti bu dönemde sonlandırılmıştır. Daha önce Yeniçeri Ocağı’na bağlı subay ve askerlerin kontrolünde yapılan genel güvenlik ve beledi hizmetler, ocağın kapatılması sonrasında yeni idari yapıların teşekkülünü zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu nedenle bu türden hizmetlerin sorunsuz ve kesintisiz bir şekilde devam ettirilmesi isteği, 1829’da Galata, Eyüp ve Üsküdar’da ilk muhtarlık teşkilatının oluşturulmasına neden olmuştur. İstanbul’da sağlanan başarı, muhtarlık kurumunun taşra içerisinde de uygulanmasına imkân sağlamıştır.
Selanik’e ait 19 Şubat 1835 tarihli bir deftere göre, muhtarlık teşkilatının Selanik’te kurulduğu ve merkezde bulunan Müslüman, Hristiyan ve Musevi mahallelere muhtar ve kâhya atamaları yapıldığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada merkezî bir teşkilatın taşradaki ilk örneklerinden birisi ortaya koymaya çalışılacaktır. Selanik’e bağlı mahallelerde görev yapan ilk muhtar ve kâhyaların isim ve künye bilgileri verilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: II. Mahmud, Selanik, Mahalle, İmam, Muhtar, Kâhya.
ESTABLİSHMENT OF THE HEADMAN INSTİTUTİON İN THESSALONİKİ: NEİGHBORHOODS AND THEİR FİRST HEADMEN
Abstract: The reign of Mahmud II was a period when the Ottoman Empire began to centralize against the notables and modernize against the West. In the administrative sense, the dominance of the notables in the countryside and the janissary corps in the center was ended in this period. General security and municipal services, which were previously under the control of officers and soldiers affiliated to the Janissary Corps, necessitated the formation of new administrative structures after the closure of this place. For this reason, the desire to continue such services without any problems caused the establishment of the first mukhtar organization in Galata, Eyüp and Üsküdar in 1829. The success achieved in Istanbul enabled the implementation of the mukhtar institution in the provinces as well.
According to a book dated February 19, 1835 belonging to Thessaloniki, it is seen that the headman organization was established in Thessaloniki and the headmen and stewards were appointed to the Muslim, Christian and Jewish neighborhoods in the center. In this study, one of the first examples of a central organization in the province will be tried to be revealed. The names and identification information of the first headmen and stewards who worked in the neighborhoods of Thessaloniki will be given.
Keywords: II. Mahmud, Thessaloniki, Neighborhood, İmam, Muhtar, Kahya.
Love against the odds? Feminism, discourse analysis and the perverse power of obstacles to love
Authors: Burns Angie
Published: July 2024

Romantic love stories, rather than being troubled by obstacles, seem instead to be intensified by them Mtny feminists have taken up positions against romantic love and discourse analysts expect that common obstacles will constrain experience, so those who espouse feminismandJor discourse analysis may be interested in engaging with the peculiar and perverse power of obstacles to love. Where many traditional obstacles, such as parental opposition, no longer have relevance in contemporary love stories, they seem to have been replaced by others such as ‘male emotional intimacy’. The obstacle of an already existent partner of one of the lovers, has persisted. This paper attempts to theorize how modern obstacles are discoursed and to question their power to enhance romance. I will suggest that we need to resist reproducing sone obstacles in order that the discourse of romantic love may be transformed into a more emancipatory discourse.
Maslow, motivation and female teachers’ career decisions
Authors: Smith Joan M.
Published: July 2024

Drawing on the life history narratives of 40 female secondary school teachers in England, this article explores the links between motivation and career decisions. An ethic of care underpinned the importance the women attached to pupils’ development and achievements. Whilst in many cases this translated into a preference for classroom-based rather than school leadership careers, female headteachers perceived headship as a position in which they could enact the ethic of care to maximum effect. Positive relationships with pupils and colleagues were highly valued by women at all career stages. These findings are considered in the light of Maslow’s (1943) highly influential theory of human motivation. Maslow’s essentially masculine model, which accords little importance to positive relationships and the ethic of caring for others, is inadequate in accounting for the motivation of the women in this study. An alternative model of women teachers’ relational needs and motivation is, therefore, posited, in which there is a fusion of personal agency, relational values and the ethic of care.
Being a ‘good mother’: A discourse analysis of women’s experiences of breast cancer and motherhood
Authors: Adams Eike , Dell Pippa
Published: July 2024

This explorative study about women’s experiences of breast cancer and motherhood used a Foucauldianinspired Discourse Analysis to analyse nine conversational-style interviews with women with breast cancer. It was part of a larger study into the experiences of women who had a mastectomy as a result of breast cancer. A major finding from this larger study was that the participating women located their cancer experience and their identity as a ‘patient’ in the context of other life experiences and identities. In that larger study, three major themes were identified: the meaning of the breast as a signifier of femininity post-diagnosis; the issue of control, in particular a lack and loss of control associated with the subjectivity of being a ‘patient’; and a theme around motherhood and the ‘good mother’ discourse. Considering that eight of the women in this study were mothers it is not surprising that they located their cancer experience within a context of their identity of being a ‘mother’. And yet, within biomedicine a woman’s other life experiences are often neglected and she is largely constructed as ‘patient’. This omission might have serious consequences for women’s treatment experience. For example, demands posed by her role as a ‘mother’, such as doing child care, and her role as a ‘patient’, i.e. attending several appointments a week, may clash, putting her under considerable stress. Ignoring these socio-cultural and familial contexts of women’s lives may well impact not only on the practicalities of treatment regimes, but also on how women perceive, and are able to deal with, their treatment psychologically.
Understanding complexity in disability sport: The potential of feminist philosophies and intersectionality
Authors: Seal Emma
Published: July 2024

Disability studies is a dynamic, hotly debated and evolving research body. Traustadüttir and Kristiansen (2004) assert it is a discipline with strong roots in Britain, Australia, New Zealand and the US and is now gaining momentum in Europe and the Nordic countries. This paper will address the potential of combining feminist scholarship and disability scholarship consistent with recent developments in disability research. Feminists who work in the field of disability studies have increasingly written about the importance of ideas in feminist theory being applied within disability theory, analysis and politics (e.g. Morris, 1991; Thomas, 1999, 2004; Wendell, 1996). Furthermore, Thomas (1999) argues that disability studies can learn a great deal from the work of feminist authors. Narratives within this context have broken through ‘giving voice’ to disabled women in scholarly writing.
Motherhood within elite sport discourse: The case of Keli Lane
Authors: Cosh Suzanne , Crabb Shona
Published: July 2024

Motherhood and participation in elite sport have traditionally been viewed as at odds with each other. However, mothers competing at the pinnacle of sport are becoming more common. Despite such trends, motherhood often remains invisible and taboo within the sphere of elite sport and little research has addressed athletes who are mothers. In order to explore popular accounts of motherhood and elite sport, we examined 326 media reports of the case of Keli Lane, an Australian water polo player who was convicted of murdering her infant in order to pursue her sporting goals. We draw on a social constructionist and critical approach to discursive analysis in order to explore repeated patterns of constructions of athlete identity and motherhood. We argue that within these media accounts, the identities of ‘elite athlete’ and ‘mother’ were depicted as mutually exclusive. Moreover, the role of the broader context of elite sporting culture and organisations in influencing the combination of motherhood and elite sport participation was rendered invisible within these accounts. The implications for female athletes, especially mothers, are discussed.
Should I stay or should I go? Intersectionality, feminist methodologies and research on/with others
Authors: Chawansky Megan
Published: July 2024

The notion of intersectionality is considered to be one of the most important contributions made to social theory by the discipline of women’s studies. Described variously as a theory, method, concept, lens, and analytic, it contends that one ought to attend to the various ways in which multiple identity categories (e.g. race, class, sexuality, and gender) interact to impact individual lives and the lives of similarly-situated groups. Despite its relatively stable and widely-embraced premise, persistent debates and questions surround intersectionality and continue to inspire critical attention by scholars of gender and women. This article recounts some of the persistent debates and questions to inspire further consideration on intersectionality within discussions of feminist methodology. It demonstrates the utility and tensions of the theory/method through illustrative examples of how intersectionality operates within sport for development and peace (SDP) research.
Qualitative Online Interview in Education: A Voice of Preservice Elementary School Teachers' Concerns and Questions
Authors: Shidiq Galih Albarra , Ramdani Zulmi
Published: July 2024

Interviewing is the leading approach used for gathering information in qualitative research. The online interview study explores the concerns and questions expressed by preservice teachers in elementary schools, providing insight into their distinct viewpoints, uncertainties, and questions in education. In the middle of changing teaching methods and educational difficulties, it is crucial to understand the complex problems of new teachers to create efficient teacher training programs and educational plans. This study highlights the need to establish conducive settings for preservice teachers to express their concerns and inquire, promoting introspective behaviors and professional development. The findings provide valuable insights into the continuing discussion on teacher education, suggesting ways to enhance programs, mentorship activities, and policies.
Enhancing Social Engagement among Online Learners' Using AI-Driven Tools: National Open University of Nigeria Leaners' Perspective
Authors: Ezeanya Christiana Uchenna , Ukaigwe Jane Ada , Ogbaga Ignatius Nwoyibe , Kwanashie Adako
Published: July 2024

The need for online education has increased significantly. People now prefer to work to fulfill the necessities of life and pursue education to advance their skills because of the rising difficulty. This quest increases the demand for distance education thereby raising questions about how distance learning institutions can effectively assist their learners. Employment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools will not only provide solutions but also improve and render effective service and support to learners. AI-driven tools such as personalized or adaptive learning and chatbots for learner support have significantly helped to improve efficiency in virtual environments. This research aims to investigate how National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) students view the contribution of AI tools in enhancing social interaction in their virtual learning environment. The study seeks to determine the requirements, inclinations, and challenges related to social interaction in the online learning space and explore how AI-powered solutions might effectively address these challenges to create a more dynamic and engaging learning environment. A survey was conducted to ascertain the level of awareness among the learners on the use of these tools, the challenges related to social interaction in online space and explore the ways AI-powered tools can effectively address issues in the learning environment to create a more dynamic and engaging learning environment. This study has identified that a greater number of learners in NOUN have little or no knowledge of the availability of these tools as well as how they can effectively use it. The level of awareness of the learners on the use of these tools is low. The study found 27.5% awareness and usage of AI tools provided by the institution. Several platforms were identified by respondents; however, ChatGPT was the most widely used AI platform. The study also discusses the importance of AI tools in enhancing collaboration and social engagement among learners. It identifies the challenges in integrating AI in Education and provides possible solutions to the challenges.
Ações de atualização do ensino de física básica para engenharias no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Costa José Benicio da Cruz , Rodrigues Alexandre Guimarães , Neves Renato Martins das , Lynch Gilberto Martins
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho apresenta como referencial teórico três conceitos fundamentais para esta pesquisa: Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos Cursos de Graduação de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Urbanismo - DCN; inovação / modernização / atualização educacional e ensino de física para as engenharias. Objetivando a realização de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura - RSL que investigou as ações de inovação, modernização ou atualização do ensino de Física Básica para as engenharias nos últimos cinco anos, a partir da publicação no Brasil das Novas - DCNs, em 2019. A RSL foi conduzida de acordo com o protocolo PRISMA₢ sob registro Digital Object Identifier DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/7KYSB, no banco de  revisões da Center for Open Science no endereço https://osf.io/7kysb/. Foram selecionados os estudos que apresentam para o ensino de física nas engenharias abordagens metodológicas diferentes das consideradas usuais e publicados nos repositórios eletrônicos da Scielo Brasil, Revista Brasileira de Educação em Engenharia, Anais do Congresso Brasileiro de Educação em Engenharia, Livros e Documentos Técnicos publicados pela Associação Brasileira de Educação em Engenharia, compreendendo um banco com 2297 trabalhos e ao utilizar palavras-chave relacionadas ao tema. Inicialmente, foram identificados 56 estudos potencialmente relevantes, dos quais 42 foram incluídos na análise final. Da análise emergiram sete categorias de inovações, havendo evidências de um largo leque de possibilidades de inovação. Também evidenciou-se que mesmo a física sendo reconhecida como uma das bases da formação do engenheiro não existem trabalhos publicados que apresentem estruturas didáticas completas com foco nesta modalidade de ensino evidenciando-se assim uma lacuna a ser explorada em outras pesquisas
DISTAL TIBIA FRACTURE MANAGED BY EXPERT TIBIA NAIL: POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Saeed M , INAM M , HAQ SU , AHMAD I
Published: July 2024

Distal tibial fractures present a significant challenge in orthopaedic surgery due to their complex nature and the risk of complications. Expert tibia nails (ETN) have emerged as a potential solution for improving functional outcomes and reducing complications in these fractures. Objective: To assess the complications and functional consequences of using expert tibia nails (ETN) in patients with distal tibial fractures. Methods: This prospective study included thirty patients with distal tibial fractures treated using expert tibia nails (ETN). The study was conducted from January 2023 to June 2023 at department of orthopedic surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Functional outcomes were assessed using a standardised scoring system, and complications were monitored. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics to summarise the data. Results: The mean age of the patients was 44.80 ± 9.50 years. The functional outcome was excellent in 21 patients (70%), good in 7 patients (23.3%), and fair in 2 patients (6.7%). Complications observed included malunion in 2 patients (6.7%), nonunion in 1 patient (3.3%), and infection in 3 patients (10%). Conclusion: The use of expert tibia nails (ETN) in treating distal tibial fractures resulted in excellent to good functional outcomes in most patients. The rates of complications such as malunion, nonunion, and infection were relatively low, indicating that ETN is a reliable method for managing distal tibial fractures.
STATEGI FOOD AND AGICULTURE ORGANIZATION DALAM MENGATASI KRISIS PANGAN AKIBAT CUACA EKSTRIM DI SUB-SAHARA
Authors: Al Farauqi Mohamad Dziqie Aulia , Marantika Rofiyana Sri
Published: July 2024

Sub-Sahara Afrika adalah salah satu kawasan yang paling sedikit berkontribusi terhadap perubahan iklim global, namun kawasan ini merupakan salah satu yang paling rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim dan cuaca ekstrim.  Selain faktor iklim rendahnya tingkat pembangunan ekonomi dan teknologi di Sub-Sahara Afrika juga menjadi salah satu faktor negara ini di landa krisis pangan dan manusia. FAO (Food And Argiculture Organization) berkontribusi mengatasi masalah ketahanan pangan di seluruh dunia dan menjamin kebebasan manusia dari kelaparan. Dalam penelitian ini membahas bagaimana stategi organisai internasional Food And Argiculture Organization (FAO) dalam menangani permasalahan ketahanan pangan dan manusia akibat perubahan iklim dan cuaca ekstrim di negara-negara Sub-Saharan Afrika. Dengan adanya bantuan FAO negara negara di Sub-Saharan Afrika dapat menerapkan beberapa program yang memberi keuntungan terutama terhadap pangan, pertanian dan peternakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan stategi FAO dalam menangani krisis pangan akibat cuaca ekstrim di Sub-Sahara Afrika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam menganalisa penelitian ini di gunakan konsep food security dan Transnational and Interstate Interactions untuk menganalisis peran FAO (organisasi pangan dan pertanian) FAO menyediakan bantuan teknis di bidang pertanian untuk ketahanan pangan di Sub-Saharan Afrika. FAO selaku organisasi internasional yaitu sebagai inisiator dan fasilitator aktor non-negara yang berupaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan ketahanan pangan dan manusia akibat cuaca ekstrim.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF LONG TERM DEBT, SHORT TERM DEBT, TOTAL DEBT ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX
Authors: Supriyatun Supriyatun , Karyawati Danik , Sunarya Sunarya , Marsana Marsana
Published: July 2024

This research aims to investigate the effect of Long Term Debt, Short Term Debt, and Total Debt on Return on Equity (ROE) in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The data used are the company's annual financial reports for the period 2018 - 2020. The panel regression analysis method is used to evaluate the relationship between long-term debt, short-term debt, and total debt variables with the company's ROE. The research results show that Long Term Debt has a negative and significant influence on ROE, indicating that the use of long term debt can reduce the rate of return on a company's own capital. On the other hand, Short Term Debt does not have a significant effect on ROE. However, Total Debt shows a negative and significant influence on ROE, indicating that too much dependence on debt can reduce the company's rate of return on its own capital. These findings provide valuable insights for company management in managing their capital structure to achieve optimal profit levels.
EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF CSR DISCLOSURE ON PROFITABILITY
Authors: Marsana Marsana , Prayitno Prayitno , Kusumawardhani Eny , Karyawati Danik
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of CSR disclosure on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on profitability. The variables used to measure profitability in this research are: return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), earnings per share (EPS), and net profit margin (NPM). The object of this research is a high-profile company registered in the Indonesia stock exchange. using the descriptive analysis method. The results of this research are the regression coefficient showing that the influence of CSR on ROE is 0.057 with a significance value of 0.883. The significance value of 0.883 is greater than 0.05 so the CSR variable does not influence ROE. The influence of CSR on ROA shows a value of 0.240 with a significance value of 0.519The significance value of 0.519 is greater than 0.05 so the CSR variable does not influence ROA. The effect of CSR on EPS shows a value of 1.147 with a significance value of 0.000. The significance value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05 so the CSR variable influences EPS. The influence of CSR on NPM shows a value of 0.472 with a significance value of 0.248. The significance value of 0.248 is greater than 0.05 so the CSR variable does not influence NPM.
FACTORS AFFECTING CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO AT COMMERCIAL BANKS ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Karyawati Danik , Supriyatun  , Kusumawardhani Eny , Prayitno
Published: July 2024

Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) is one of the main indicators used to measure the level of security and financial stability of a bank. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the Capital Adequacy Ratio in commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used is panel data from 2016 to 2020 which includes 20 commercial banks. The independent variables used in this research are Return on Equity (ROE), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Non-Performing Loans (NPL). The research results show that ROE and NIM have a significant influence on the Capital Adequacy Ratio. However, LDR and NPL do not have a significant influence on CAR. The implication of this research is the importance of credit risk management, asset management and liquidity management in maintaining bank capital adequacy levels.
INFLUENCE	TAXPAYERS' PERCEPTION OF DIGITIZATION OF TAX REPORTING IN THE PURBALINGGA REGION PRICES
Authors: Widodo Nur Aliya , Fathonah Isnan
Published: July 2024

Tax digitalization is an innovation that aims to optimize tax administration and encourage efficiency in the tax reporting process. This research aims to evaluate the extent of taxpayers' perceptions of tax digitalization in the Purbalingga area, with a focus on aspects of convenience, compliance and taxpayer satisfaction. The object of this research is individual taxpayers registered with KPP Pratama in the Purbalingga area. The research sample consisted of 44 taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Purbalingga, who had filled out the questionnaire distributed in this research. The analytical method used is a quantitative approach. The results of the research show that perceptions of convenience, compliance and taxpayer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on the digitalization of taxation as a more effective and efficient tax reporting medium.
Neutrosophic Analytical Hierarchy Process (NAHP) for Addressing Cyber violence
Authors: Patricia Patricia ,   Technical University of Cotopaxi, Ecuador,   Technical University of Cotopaxi, Ecuador,   Technical University of Cotopaxi, Ecuador,   Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Peña Sandra Giuliana Suárez Pe� , Aguilar Paola Estefanía Salinas , Mirzaliev Sanjar
Published: July 2024

To address the complex challenges of cyberviolence and gender-based violence among young students, it is crucial to employ analytical approaches that consider the multifaceted nature of these phenomena. The Neutrosophic Analytical Hierarchy (NAHP) method is presented as an innovative tool that allows us to unravel the different layers of influences and factors involved in these behaviors. This approach not only recognizes the diversity of perspectives and experiences that contribute to online and gender-based violence, but also offers a structured framework to assess and prioritize these factors holistically. By applying the NAHP, not only the visible and direct aspects of cyberviolence and gender violence are explored, but also the more subtle and underlying aspects that may go unnoticed in conventional analyses. This method allows us to capture the dynamic complexity of how individual perceptions, social norms, and power dynamics interact to perpetuate these problems in student environments. Thus, a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the triggering and contributing factors is fostered, facilitating the formulation of more effective interventions and policies that are sensitive to the specific needs of affected young people.
Design and research on structure of plateau hand-held cutting and sun drying machine
Authors: Xie Ruofei
Published: July 2024

With the development of agricultural modernization, accelerating agricultural mechanization has become an important direction for the development of agriculture in China. However, agricultural mechanization is uneven and insufficient in terms of regions, industries, crop varieties, and production stages. Although there are already a large number of agricultural machinery products on the market, most of them are designed for large-scale crops in northern arid lands, lacking machinery suitable for barley and adaptable to small plots and sloping farmlands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. The development of a barley harvester adapted to plateau mountainous areas contributes to the development of special agricultural machinery in China, improves the uneven development of agricultural mechanization, and promotes agricultural development in plateau mountainous areas. This paper conducts research on the actual terrain of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, barley planting conditions, and harvester operational conditions. Based on the production needs of barley agriculture, the design is optimized and improved. Following the principle of overall coordination, the overall structural parameters of the harvester suitable for the operational requirements of plateau mountainous areas are determined. The structural design of key components such as wheelbase, axle spacing, ground clearance, harvesting mechanical arm, and harvesting mechanism is detailed. Additionally, SolidWorks software is used for three-dimensional modeling of the barley harvester. CAE technology is employed to analyze the static and dynamic performance of critical chassis components, validate theoretical calculations, and confirm final structural parameters. Furthermore, a dynamics characteristic model is established based on the optimized parameters to theoretically analyze the stability of the entire machine and verify whether the designed plateau barley harvester meets field operation requirements. Finally, Bluetooth communication technology is utilized to autonomously design control hardware and software, achieving intelligent control of the machinery.
Research on optimization ideas and paths of China's UAS standard system construction
Authors: Liu Guangcai , Wang Junguang , Li Zhangping , Ma Yijun
Published: July 2024

As a leading industry of low-altitude economy and an emphasis area of consumer goods trade-in, in recent years, the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) industry has successively received the attention of the Standardization Administration of the P.R.C, the State Administration for Market Regulation and other departments, which have all emphasized the importance of giving full play to the leading role of standards. Up to now, the construction of China's UAS standard system has made great progress, and 126 key standards that are urgently needed by the market and support supervision have been formulated and revised in a timely manner, but the following problems still exist: the standard terminology is not yet unified, the way of prioritizing the formulation and revision is too simple, the content of the standard system is still imperfect, and there is a lack of a unified public service platform for standard information. In order to solve these problems, this paper combines the new international standardization construction experience of the European, the United States and other countries, and puts forward the corresponding optimization ideas for the construction of the UAS standard system, so as to promote the healthy and orderly development of the UAS industry.
宅基地使用权流转过程中的生态治理研究
Authors: 谢 一鸣
Published: July 2024

农村宅基地在经过经济与政策的引导下，其地理环境与村落布局必定会有明显的改动，在环境法学的角度来说，这是宅基地整理过程，即在“三权分置”政策大力推进下积极盘活存量集体建设用地，优先保障农民居住、乡村基础设施、公共服务空间和产业用地需求，而进行的一系列优化土地利用率的行为。在环境治理的角度来看，一个村落相当于一个区域的生态环境影响因素，当村落的生活方式与生产经营产生变化时，相应区域的生态环境也会有新的变化。当前我国仍处于大力推动“三权分置”实现农村宅基地的经济效益的阶段中，对农村宅基地使用权流转后产生新的生态环境治理问题，在立法和研究层面仍较少，因此本文基于公茂刚、胡守庚等学者对江苏省与湖北省团风经济开发区的研究数据而发现的生态问题，提出农村宅基地使用权流转后对应的绿色生态治理建议。
Odds of Attaining Orthopaedic Leadership Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Sex
Authors: Smith Tobin Z. , DeYoung Joshua K. , Pum John M. , Zurakowski David , Templeton Kimberly , Day Charles S.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Despite widespread acceptance of the importance of diversity in leadership, systemic challenges in leadership attainment in orthopaedic surgery still exist for several groups. We hypothesize that women, underrepresented in medicine groups, and Asians have decreased odds of achieving program director and chairperson positions compared with peers.

Methods:

Demographic data were collected from the Association of American Medical Colleges for faculty, program directors, and chairpersons in orthopaedic surgery. Odds ratios were calculated treating race, ethnicity, or sex as the predictor variables and attainment of a leadership position as the outcome, comparing the composition of program directors in 2020 and chairpersons in 2019 with faculty in 2019.

Results:

Significantly decreased odds were found for women at 0.37 (0.264 to 0.51 [P < 0.0001]) and the Other category at 0.16 (0.065 to 0.3864 [P = 0.0001]) while significantly increased odds were found for White and Black/African American faculty at 1.32 (1.02 to 1.71 [P = 0.0314]) and 1.95 (1.17 to 3.26 [P = 0.011]), respectively, in holding program director positions. Significantly decreased odds of attaining chairpersonship were found for women at 0.17 (0.07 to 0.41 [P = 0.0075]) and Asian faculty at 0.33 (0.14 to 0.75 [P = 0.0062]) while White faculty demonstrated significantly increased odds at 2.43 (1.41 to 4.19 [P = 0.0013]).

Conclusions:

Women showed markedly decreased odds of leadership attainment while Black/African American faculty had increased likelihood of becoming program directors but were not markedly more likely to become chairs. Asian faculty were less likely to become program directors and markedly less likely to become chairs. While decreased odds for women were expected based on current literature, decreased odds of Asians becoming chairs and an increased likelihood of Black/African American orthopaedic surgeons becoming program directors but not attaining the role of chairs at the same rate were novel findings, revealing concerning trends for these groups.
Orthopaedic Surgery and Indusry: What our Potential Patients Believe
Authors: Parikh Harin B. , Ewing Brett , Tseng Cassie C. , Yoshida Ryu , Kulber David A. , Kuschner Stuart H.
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

Physician and surgeon involvement in industry has received considerable attention in recent decades. In this study, we outline the perspective of the general US population regarding (1) disclosure, (2) ownership, and (3) compensation between physicians/surgeons and industry. We hypothesize that the general population would be largely supportive of the physician/surgeon-industry relationship.

Methods:

An online, survey-based, descriptive study was conducted through a crowdsourcing platform, Amazon Mechanical Turk. Survey respondents were presented with a seven-item questionnaire inquiring about the physician/surgeon and industry relationship. An “attention check” question was included; those who failed this question were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the data and a McNemar chi-squared test for paired, dichotomous data.

Results:

A total of 993 respondents were included. Survey responses are summarized in Table 1. 70.6% of respondents stated that it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose that the patient be informed whether implants used in surgery had been developed by the operating surgeon. 71.1% of respondents reported that it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose partial ownership within industry. Seventy-one percent of respondents stated it was “important” or “extremely important” to disclose royalty payments pertaining to surgical implants. 95.6% of respondents suggested that it was acceptable for surgeons to accept free airfare and lodging, and 95.2% of respondents stated that it was acceptable for the surgeon to be compensated for time away from practice to learn about new equipment.

Discussion:

In our survey of 993 respondents, we found that relationships with industry are considered acceptable if appropriate disclosure is given to patients. We also found that although respondents suggested that physicians and surgeons may be influenced by a free meal, compensation for trips to try new equipment and time spent away from practice is considered appropriate.

Level of evidence:

2c, Ecological studies.
Investigating the Determinants of Nonaccidental Trauma Evaluation in Pediatric Femur Fractures
Authors: Hauschild Maia H. , Omar Hanna N. , Bauer Matthew , Sarkisova Natalya , Lee Christopher J. , Wren Tishya A. L. , Goldstein Rachel Y.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Femoral fractures in children have the highest probability for abuse after skull fractures and humeral shaft fractures. However, the reported proportion of pediatric femur fractures that result from nonaccidental trauma (NAT) varies in the literature from 2% to 60%. The purpose of this study was to determine the patient characteristics associated with a physician's decision to conduct a NAT workup and challenge universal clinical practice guidelines stating that all children younger than 3 years with a diaphyseal femur fracture be evaluated for NAT.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted on patients aged 0 to 36 months diagnosed with a femur fracture between January 1, 2004, and April 9, 2019, at our institution. NAT was defined as a diagnosis of trauma that was nonaccidental in the medical chart after a positive workup by skeletal survey, ophthalmological examination, or other appropriate referral made by the institution's child abuse and neglect team. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.

Results:

A total of 299 patients were identified, and 22 were excluded. 71% (197/277) were screened for NAT. Patients younger than 1 year were significantly more likely to undergo a NAT workup (P = 0.009; Odds Ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.4) and receive a positive result from the NAT workup (P < 0.0005; OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 4.6 to 27.4). Additional injuries were also a significant predictor of a positive NAT workup (P < 0.001; OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 2.4 to 11.9). Patient race/ethnicity, sex, and fracture type were not markedly associated with the physician's decision to conduct a NAT workup.

Conclusions:

Infants younger than 1 year with a femur fracture and children younger than 3 years presenting with a femur fracture and another injury are at increased risk of possible NAT. While clinical practice guidelines may minimize racial bias in NAT evaluation, this study demonstrates that universal NAT workups for walking-age children in the absence of other evidence of abuse may be unnecessary.

Level of evidence:

This is a Level III retrospective cohort study.
Trade union engagements on the SDGs and union revitalization in five Asian countries
Authors: Serrano M. R. , Marasigan Mary Leian C. ,   International Labour Organization. Bureau for Workers' Activities,
Published: July 2024

This working paper examines how trade unions in five Asian countries integrate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into national agendas. Through interviews and reviews, it highlights strategies and outcomes of union engagements, showing their impact on revitalizing institutional power amid challenges like regulatory changes, digital labor platforms, and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Obesity and Male Fertility: An In-Depth Review of the Impact of Elevated BMI
Authors: Sajjad Solmaz Gul , Sajjad Aarush Mohammad , Fakih MD Michael , MD Frcog Muhammad Ahsan Akhtar , MD Frcog Yasmin Sajjad
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the complex relationship between obesity and male infertility in a detailed manner. According to the introduction, obesity-related infertility is importantly discussed since it affects some 15% of couples in which half cases are attributed for obesity-related infertility is important to discuss since it affects some 15% of couples, and half of cases are attributed to male factors. The body of the analysis discusses various factors related to obesity-associated male reproduction implications, including endocrinopathies insulin sensitivity, sperm DNA fragmentation, erectile dysfunction OSAS asshened semen characteristics chronic epididymitis and epigenetic changes. The above discussion on endocrinopathies shows that excessive white adipose tissues derail the HPG axis, triggering hormonal imbalances which lead to infertility. This paper explains the interaction between insulin resistance and testosterone levels in type 2 diabetes affected men. The paper also focuses on sperm DNA fragmentation, showing the association between obesity and increased levels of sperm DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormality in morphology. Erectile dysfunction is focused on obesity-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and hormonal abnormalities that impair male reproductive function. Additionally, the role of sleep apnea in testosterone secretion and possible association between its severity to lower level of this hormone are presented. There is a further discussion of altered sperm traits, chronic epididymitis and epigenetic changes with regard to the obesity which gives us a broad perspective on male fertility. The paper then concludes its discussion regarding weight loss interventions restoring fertility, focusing on diet and exercise as means for reducing certain parameters associated with modifiable inflammatory markers linked to infertility. In summary, the general assessment highlights that obesity management is crucial in male infertility.
A retrospective study on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Meera Muthu , Anitha Mariappan , Monica Raghavan , Mahato Raj
Published: July 2024

Background: Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species (ESKAPE) pathogens are the leading causes of nosocomial infections throughout the world. So far, no large-scale study on ESKAPE pathogens has been conducted in India and there is lack of a deep insight regarding antimicrobial resistance.

Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted with the objective of estimating the prevalence of resistance to currently available antibiotics among the four Gram-negative pathogens – K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species isolated from blood culture in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted using records of the microbiology department over a period of 2 years from January 2020 to December 2021. Individual susceptibility of the above-mentioned Gram-negative pathogens to each of the following antibiotics – trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, minocycline, tigecycline, and colistin was analyzed.

Results: K. pneumoniae showed the highest resistance to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid (78.8%) followed by ceftazidime (73.5%), whereas its maximum sensitivity was for tigecycline (54.5%). A. baumannii showed maximum resistance (91.1%) for three antibiotics-ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam. The organism exhibited maximum sensitivity to tigecycline (69.6%). P. aeruginosa exhibited the highest sensitivity (75%) for both ceftazidime and cefoperazone/sulbactam, whereas it showed maximum resistance to tigecycline (97.5%). Enterobacter species showed maximum resistance (75%) for ceftazidime and cefoperazone/sulbactam and maximum sensitivity (87.5%) for tigecycline and carbapenems.

Conclusion: Updated knowledge regarding the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance will help in strengthening antimicrobial stewardship and encourage curtailing unnecessary use of high-end antibiotics.
Increasing colistin resistance among multidrug-resistant isolates in the recent era – An impending doom
Authors: Bose Soma , Gupta Sharmila , Maity Sneha
Published: July 2024

Background: Colistin is an antibiotic with lipophilic and hydrophilic properties, effective against Enterobacterales and non-fermenter bacteria. Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, colistin is being once again reintroduced as a last resort for their treatment. Resistance is caused by mutations and some are plasmid-mediated.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine antibiotic resistance patterns in Gram-negative bacilli and to detect colistin susceptibility patterns in multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, using standard laboratory protocol and colistin susceptibility was determined by colistin broth disk elution (CBDE) method.

Results: Out of a total of 80 patients infected with MDR isolates, 63.75% were male and 36.25% were female. The most common age group affected was 41–60 years. Multidrugresistant (MDR) bacteria were most commonly isolated from urine samples, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common MDR bacteria isolated. Overall, colistin resistance was 7.5% and it was found most commonly in K. pneumoniae. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics was the most common risk factor for the emergence of MDR bacterial infections, including colistin resistance.

Conclusion: The present study detects colistin resistance using a simple method – “CBDE test” which can be done in resource-poor settings and can guide clinicians to rationally use the medication as it may be used as an alternative treatment option for “Super bugs” and can even be used as the “last resort” in certain scenario.