bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por um chamado ao selvagem em a maçã no Escuro, de Clarice Lispector, e a crítica de Evando Nascimento
Authors: Da Costa Fabrício Lemos
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a presença de um chamado ao selvagem no romance A maçã no escuro (1961), de Clarice Lispector (1920-1977). Assim, recorremos aos estudos críticos de Evando Nascimento, evidenciando a sua abordagem, cujas questões colocam-se na clave das novas contribuições interpretativas da ficção clariciana. Neste trabalho, revisitaremos os pressupostos do crítico, presente em seus estudos mais filosóficos até chegarmos às reflexões que abarcam a produção de Lispector. Enfatizaremos, desse modo, como a narrativa pode significar um convite à alteridade, ao pensamento e ao selvagem, no qual Martim, personagem do romance, está imbuído.
Herberto Helder e o deslocamento: uma linguagem absurda rizomática
Authors: Lobo Jope Leão , Almeida Rogério Caetano de
Published: January 2022

Qual é a dimensão de homem? Segundo Steiner (1988), essa é a pergunta a que o crítico literário deve responder quando analisa uma obra literária. Um poema sem título presente no livro A morte sem mestre, de Herberto Helder, será analisado com essa intenção. Dessa forma, pretende-se identificar qual é o tipo de homem que permeia a linguagem do referido poeta. Para isso, recorreu-se à filosofia do Absurdo e a alguns autores que discutem a relação entre linguagem, tecnologia e humanidade, como George Steiner (1988) e Deleuze e Guatarri (1995). Porém, não pode se esquecer de que Helder é um homem contemporâneo, assim, por meio da barbárie, ligaram-se as teorias da modernidade, principalmente Compagnon (1999), ao Absurdo. Com isso, espera-se concluir que a linguagem de Helder é permeada pela lógica rizomática, demonstrando um homem que busca a totalidade na junção do racional com o irracional por meio da empatia.
Demostración de la aplicación del Modelo global de referencia para las tasas de cesárea (C-Model) y la Clasificación de Robson en la estimación y la caracterización del exceso de cesáreas institucionales
Authors: Zuleta-Tobón John Jairo
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: hacer un ejercicio académico, con datos locales reales, sobre la aplicación del C-Model v1.0 en cuanto a la manera como se obtiene y utiliza la información para generar el modelo, su aplicación a fin de identificar el posible exceso de cesáreas en una institución y, si se identifica, cómo se aplica la distribución de los partos según los grupos de la Clasificación de Robson para explicar ese exceso. Metodología: a partir de las bases de datos reales de cinco instituciones hospitalarias de Colombia, seleccionadas a conveniencia para lograr el cumplimiento de los objetivos, se estimó la razón estandarizada y la diferencia absoluta entre la proporción observada y la probabilidad esperada de cesárea según el C-Model v1.0 en cada institución. Con base en los supuestos que subyacen a la distribución de los grupos según la Clasificación de Robson, se proponen explicaciones a los excesos y a las diferencias entre las instituciones. Resultados: la razón estandarizada de cesárea aplicando el C-Model identificó excesos del procedimiento diferentes en presencia de proporciones institucionales similares de cesárea. Se encontró variabilidad importante en la proporción de cesárea dentro de grupos de mujeres con características clínicas y obstétricas similares que podría ser la explicación para los excesos detectados. Conclusión: el C-Model permite estimar proporciones de cesárea esperadas según las condiciones específicas de las mujeres atendidas en cada institución; su distribución de acuerdo con la Clasificación de Robson permite explorar el origen y las particularidades de dichas diferencias.
The validity and the reliability of freiburg mindfulness inventory to Turkish
Authors: Kalafatoglu Yaprak
Published: January 2022

Mindfulness is being here and now emotionally and intellectually. It has a philosophical root directing individuals to a moral life. Although mindfulness has become a popular concept in Turkey, few scales were tested in terms of their validity to Turkish context. The aim of the study is to adapt Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) into Turkish and measure the validity and the reliability of the scale. Data for this study came from 302 (169 female and 116 male) white-collar employees working in Istanbul. The scale was translated by the authors and checked by a group of academics who have a theoretical knowledge about the concept. Validity was tested in terms of criterion-related and construct validity; reliability was assessed by internal consistency measure. Results revealed that FMI is a valid and reliable scale for Turkish business context.

Keywords: Mindfulness, Freiburg. Mindfulness Inventory, validity, Turkish
Tuberculose em Idade Pediátrica: Experiência de 12 Anos num Centro Terciário de Referência em Portugal
Authors: Borges Madalena , Rocha Ana Paula , Veiga de Macedo Carlota , Milheiro Silva Tiago , Gouveia Catarina , Candeias Flora , Brito Maria João
Published: January 2022

Introdução: Em Pediatria, o diagnóstico de tuberculose constitui um desafio, pois a doença pode frequentemente manifestar-se através de formas graves e extrapulmonares. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e refletir sobre a tuberculose grave com necessidade de internamento, em idade pediátrica, numa área metropolitana de Lisboa.Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo de doentes com idade inferior a 18 anos, internados com o diagnóstico de tuberculose num hospital pediátrico terciário, de 2008 a 2019 (12 anos).Resultados: Identificados 145 doentes, numa média de 12 casos por ano, e um aumento do número de casos nos últimos três anos. A mediana de idades dos doentes era de 12,9 anos, 42,8% nascidos em países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa e 20% tinham doença crónica. Diagnosticou-se tuberculose pulmonar em 52,4% (n = 76) e tuberculose extrapulmonar em 47,6%: ganglionar (n = 26), óssea (n = 15), miliar (n = 8), meníngea (n = 7), peritoneal/intestinal (n = 6), pleural (n = 4), renal (n = 1), cutânea (n = 1), da parede torácica (n = 1) e glândulas salivares (n = 1). A prova tuberculínica foi positiva em 78/99 (78,8%) e o Interferon Gamma Release Assay em 61/90 (67,8%). Em 20,7% (n = 30) identificaram-se bacilos ácido-álcool resistentes no exame direto do suco gástrico/expetoração e o agente foi identificado em 59,3% (n = 86). A tuberculose resistente ocorreu em 11% (n = 16). Os doentes com tuberculose extrapulmonar eram mais jovens (p = 0,006) e fizeram tratamentos mais prolongados (p < 0,001). Ocorreram complicações da terapêutica em 11% (n = 16). Registou-se um óbito numa doente com neoplasia avançada.Conclusão: Este estudo alerta para a necessidade do rastreio da infeção em crianças de países endémicos, imunossuprimidos e com doença crónica.
El franciscanismo económico
Authors: Sofiati Flávio Munhoz , Souza André Ricardo de
Published: January 2022

El artículo aborda los desdoblamientos en Brasil de la exhortación hecha por el Papa Francisco, para el encuentro de 2020 en la ciudad de Assis, denominado Economía de Francisco que reunió a jóvenes, intelectuales y activistas para re-pensar el desarrollo económico del planeta. El evento fue organizado de manera virtual por causa de la crisis sanitaria del Covid-19 pero provocó el surgimiento en el país de la Articulación brasileña por la Economía de Francisco y Clara, de una red ecuménica que reivindica la igualdad de género, radicaliza la propuesta del Papa y se muestra en la línea del Cristianismo de la liberación. Apoyado sobre una consulta documental sobre la temática, la observación de las actividades transmitidas por internet y las entrevistas con los jóvenes que participaron en dicha red, este artículo analiza, desde un acercamiento sociológico, el significado de esa movilización en el país.
Revista Ciencias Sociales y Religión
Authors: Oro Ari Pedro , Frigerio Alejandro , Steil Carlos Alberto , Martín Eloísa
Published: January 2022

Este texto tem como referência a celebração dos 20 anos da revista Ciencias Sociales y Religión / Ciências Sociais e Religião, publicada pela Associação de Cientistas Sociais da Religião no Mercosul. Esta celebração, promovida e organizada pelo seu Comitê Editorial Executivo, constou da publicação de um número especial da revista, com a reedição dos 20 artigos mais representativos da sua trajetória e da realização de um painel virtual, para o qual os autores deste artigo foram convidados para falar sobre a origem da revista, visto que estiveram, no seu início, como alguns de seus proponentes e primeiros editores.2 Apresentamos, portanto, neste texto testemunhal e histórico escrito a oito mãos, o relato de uma experiência acadêmica compartilhada. Essa experiência lançava, por meio da criação de uma revista internacional, uma importante referência para a produção e divulgação dos estudos sobre religião, que resultavam do diálogo que fazíamos, no âmbito da Associação dos Cientistas Sociais da Religião do Mercosul, especialmente nas Jornadas sobre Alternativas Religiosas na América Latina.
NIED 30 anos
Authors: Baranauskas Maria Cecília Calani , Valente José Armando
Published: January 2022

Em sua primeira edição, a revista tem um caráter especial, uma vez que surge no ano em que o NIED completa 30 anos de atuação intensa na área de Informática na Educação. Este lançamento, portanto, consolida as contribuições do NIED no âmbito da difusão de conhecimento sobre as relações entre a educação, a sociedade e a tecnologia, por meio de pesquisas e desenvolvimento de tecnologias e metodologias de forma integrada às demandas da sociedade.
Beyond top down
Authors: Gross Mark D. , Veitch Christie
Published: January 2022

Cubelets is a modular robotic building set that embodies a parallel distributed computing model. Unlike central-brain, top down command-and-control models that conventional robotics construction kits employ, a parallel distributed computing model accounts for emergent phenomena in the world. We compare the top down and parallel distributed models in the familiar task of constructing a maze-following robot. As we consider how these different robotics models contribute to maze following we also examine what role the parallel distributed model has in influencing students’ success, both at introductory robotics and at developing critical thinking skills.
The Creation of a Conscious Machine
Authors: Tardy Jean E.
Published: January 2022

"The Creation of a Conscious Machine" surveys the millennial quest to create an intelligent artefact, concludes consciousness is the key to achieve this goal and proposes we adopt an understanding of Synthetic Consciousness that is suitable for machine implementation.

The text describes how achieving Artificial Intelligence will yield extraordinary intellectual benefits and deep insights into the human condition. It examines past attempts, from ancient times until today, to define intelligence and implement it, drawing useful lessons from each. In particular, the Turing Test, the most influential measure of Artificial Intelligence, is the subject of an in depth analysis. Ultimately, the author also rejects the Turing Test, and the concept of a test itself, as an unsuitable measure of machine intelligence.

Basing himself on this analysis, the author concludes that humans will only consider a machine to be truly intelligent if they also perceive it to be conscious. To realize the quest of Artificial Intelligence, it is necessary to implement consciousness. In turn, to achieve Synthetic Consciousness, we must discard the view that consciousness is a subjective experience in favor of a different understanding, deeply rooted in the Western tradition, that it is an externally observable capability. Using this "new" understanding, the author then proposes a definition of Synthetic Consciousness, expressed as specification objectives, that are suitable for software implementation. This makes it possible to build the first generation of synthetic conscious beings.
POTENTIAL OF NANOCARRIERS FOR WOUND HEALING
Authors: pathak Kamla
Published: January 2022

A wound refers to the loss in normal anatomical structure and functional integrity of the skin which is an outermost layer and first line defense of the body. It can be described by different ways based on its etiology, anatomical location, healing time, and level of contamination.
Impact of multiple factors on the incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip: risk assessment tool
Authors: Pulik Łukasz , Poszka Katarzyna , Romaniuk Krzysztof , Sibilska Aleksandra , Jedynak Andrzej , Tołowiński Ignacy , Kumięga Paulina , Wojtyński Paweł , Łęgosz Paweł
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions in children. Not treated DDH leads to disability, gait abnormalities, limb shortening and chronic pain. Our study aims to determine the impact of multiple risk factors on the occurrence of DDH and develop an interactive risk assessment tool.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the Outpatient Clinic for Children of University Hospital. The Graf classification system was used for ultrasonographic universal screening. In total, 3102 infants met the eligibility criteria (n =6204 hip joints). Results: The incidence of DDH was 4.45%. In multivariate analysis, risk factors for DDH were weight (OR = 2.17 (1.41-3.32)), week of delivery (OR = 1.18 (1.00-1.37)), gender (OR = 8.16 (4.86-13.71)), breech delivery presentation (OR = 5.92 (3.37-10.40)), symptoms of DDH (25.28 (8.77-72.83)) and positive family history in siblings (5.74 (2.68-12.31)). Multivariate logistic regression predictive model was used to construct the interactive risk calculator.Conclusion: We confirmed well-known DDH risk factors in the studied population. Our results support the recent hypothesis that preterm infants (37 < week) have lower rate of DDH. The DDH risk calculator was built but needs external validation in prospective study before being used in a clinical setting.Level of Evidence: Retrospective cohort study: Level III
Delineation of public health risk factor associate with the mortality ratio in covid-19 pandemic situation during legislative assembly elections from Indian states
Authors: HALDER BIJAY
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus is an accurate disease and this virus-related pandemic is hammering human health and increased the public health emergency till now. The main objective of this study is to find out the death, mortality ratio, new cases, and recoveries case identification and correlation analysis between them using regression technique on legislative assembly elections from India. This study encompassed the present disorder of India throughout the elections time in India from 27th March 2021 to 29th April 2020. Statistical analysis was developed by the covid-19 database for monitoring and analyzing the health statutes during elections. Mortality ratio, the relation between active and death cases, active cases and recover cases in India are calculating corona affected data. The results show that death cases were high in the second wave of coronavirus in India. The correlation between daily death and new cases was strong positive (R2= 0.9306). The relationship between recoveries and death was stronger positive (R2=0.9832). The daily death and active cases collation indicated that strong positive (R2= 0.9703). The COVID-19 is dangerous to people's health. The virus is more life-threatening and if people will not follow the WHO guidelines, and it strength demonstration additional havoc very shortly.
Saponins as a Potential PFN2 Inhibitor: In silico Approach
Authors: Cárdenas-Pillco Berly , Campos-Olazaval Lizbeth , López Patricia , Aguilar-Pineda Jorge Alberto , Gamero-Begazo Pamela Lily , Gómez Badhin
Published: January 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) disease has a high mortality rate and has recently involved human profilin II (Pfn2), an actin-binding protein, as a promoter of its invasiveness and progression. This work evaluated the binding affinity of oleanolic acid saponin over Pfn2 and its structural stability. QM and MM techniques were applied to perform geometrical optimization and calculation of the reactive sites from oleanolic acid, whereas molecular docking and MD simulations for protein-ligand interaction under physiological conditions. Oleanolic acid saponin showed a high binding affinity to the Pfn2 PLPbinding site. Analysis of the protein-ligand structure suggests saponin as a molecule with high potential for developing new drugs against Pfn2 in colorectal cancer cells.
CVD risk from prolonged occupational sitting attenuated by additional physical activity – Evidence from a prospective cohort of 481,688 Asian adults
Authors: Gao Wayne , Sanna Mattia , Chen Yea-Hung , Tsai Min-Kuang , Lu Po-Jung , Wen Chi-Pang
Published: January 2022

BackgroundFor the first time, the 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity recommend reducing sedentary behaviors due to their health consequences. Less is known on the effect of prolonged occupational sitting, especially in the context of low physical activity engagement.This study aims at quantifying cardiovascular risk associated with prolonged occupational sitting and determining the additional amount of physical activity that may be needed to attenuate it.MethodsA cohort comprising 481,688 participants in a health surveillance program in Taiwan was followed between 1996 and 2017, collecting data on occupational sitting time, leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) habits, lifestyle, and metabolic parameters. The all-cause and expanded cardiovascular disease (CVD + diabetes mellitus + kidney disease) mortality associated with three occupational sitting volumes (mostly sitting, alternating sitting and non-sitting, mostly non-sitting) was analyzed applying multivariate Cox regression models to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) for all participants and by subgroups, including five levels of LTPA. Deaths in the first two years of follow-up were excluded to avoid reverse causality.ResultsThe study recorded 26,257 deaths during a mean follow-up period of 12.85 years. Individuals mostly sitting at work had a higher mortality risk than those mostly non-sitting, both from all causes (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.11-1.20) and from expanded CVD (HR:1.46, 95% CI:1.35-1.58), after adjusting for gender, age, education, smoking, drinking, and body mass index. Individuals alternating sitting and non-sitting at work did not experience increased risk for all-cause mortality, compared to individuals mostly non-sitting at work (HR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.97-1.05), but did experience higher risk of deaths due to expanded CVD (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04-1.23). Individuals engaged in low (15-29 min/day) or no (<15 min/day) LTPA, who mostly sit at work, would need to increase their LTPA by 15 and 30 minutes respectively to reduce their risk of mortality to that of similarly inactive individuals who mostly do not sit at work.ConclusionsAs part of modern lifestyles, prolonged occupational sitting is considered normal and has not received due attention, even though its deleterious effect has been largely proved. Alternating sitting and non-sitting at work, as well as an extra 15 to 30 min/day of LTPA, can attenuate the harms of prolonged occupational sitting. Thus, emphasizing the associated harms and suggesting workplace system changes could help the society to de-normalize this common behavior, similarly to the process of de-normalizing smoking.
Identification of Leptospira in Patients With Renal Failure Using Serological, Molecular and Pathological Based Techniques, in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Sayyadi Mostafa , Hosseinzadeh Saeid , Abdollahpour Gholamreza , Shekarforoush Seyed Shahram , Samiei Azadeh , Hosseinzadeh Masoud
Published: January 2022

Leptospirosis is a relatively rare bacterial infection that affects people and animals caused by pathogenic species of Leptospira. The present study was conducted using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and hematological and biochemical tests on 200 blood samples of renal disorders patients in Shiraz, Iran. Also nested-PCR assay and Warthin-Starry (WS) silver staining method was performed on 30 nephrectomised kidney sample. The frequency of pathogenic species of Leptospira infection in patients with renal disorders was 20 % and this infection was significantly correlated with BUN, anemia, RDW, MCV, MCH and hemoglobin levels (P < 0.01). MAT analysis showed that serum samples had positive titers against L. Grippotyphosa (13 samples), L. Ballum (6 sample), L. Pomona (3 samples), L. Canicola (2 samples), L. Icterohaemorrhagiae (1 sample) and L. Hardjo (1 sample) serovars. Twenty-three percent of the kidney samples from the patients with pyelonephritis were infected with the pathogenic species of Leptospira. This study showed that pathogenic Leptospira serovars are present in this area and in patients with renal disorders more attention should be paid to this zoonotic disease.
Direct and Indirect Relationships Between Impaired Sleep, Obesity Risk Factors and Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Eid Shireen Walid , Brown Rhonda Francis , Birmingham Carl Laird , Maloney Shane k.
Published: January 2022

PurposeThe relationship between impaired sleep and overweight/obesity may be explained by sleep-disrupting behaviour that are practised by overweight people (e.g. night-eating, insufficient physical activity [PA], electronic device use) and stress/affective distress. Thus, we evaluated whether sleep parameters predicted overweight/obesity after taking into account the behaviour and affective state.MethodsOnline questionnaires asked about sleep quality, night-eating, PA, electronic device use and stress/affective distress at T1 (baseline) and T2 (3-months later). Height, weight and waist and hip circumference were measured. PA and sleep were assessed over 24-hours on two occasions using actigraphy in 161 participants at T1 and T2.ResultsAt T1, high body mass index (BMI)/waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and obesity category were together related to more sleep disturbances (subjective) and longer awake time (objective), after controlling covariates (e.g. watching TV) and demographics (e.g. older age, male gender). At T2, high WHR was predicted by older age and male gender after controlling T1 WHR, demographics and covariates. Mediational analyses showed that sleep disturbances mediated nocturnal indigestion (NI) to BMI, poor subjective sleep quality mediated NI to WHR and high daytime dysfunction mediated NI to obesity category relationships.ConclusionMore time spent awake during the night (experienced as more sleep disturbances) was related to overweight/obesity indices even after taking into account other obesity risk factors (e.g. night-eating, insufficient PA, affect) and demographics. Mediational results suggest that NI parsimoniously explained the impaired sleep - overweight/obesity relationship.Level of Evidence: Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort.
Essential Oil of Piper Purusanum C.DC (Piperaceae) and Its Main Sesquiterpenes: Biodefensives Against Malaria and Dengue Vectors, Without Lethal Effect on Non-target Aquatic Fauna
Authors: de Oliveira André C. , Simões Rejane C. , Lima Carlos A. P. , Silva Felipe M. A. da , Nunamura Sergio M. , Roque Rosemary A. , Tadei Wanderli P. , Nunomura Rita C. S.
Published: January 2022

The mosquitoes vectors of the genus Aedes and Anopheles present resistance to several commercial insecticides, which are also toxic to non-predators targets. On the other hand, essential oils are a promising source of insecticides. Thus, in this work, the essential oil from the leaves of Piper purusanum was characterized by gas chromatography based approaches and evaluated as biodefensive against malaria and dengue vectors. The main compounds of P. purusanum essential oil were β-caryophyllene (57.05%), α-humulene (14.50%) and germacrene D (8.20%). The essential oil inhibited egg hatching (7.6 ± 1.5 to 95.6 ± 4.5%) caused larval death (LC50 from 49.84 to 51.60 ppm) and inhibited the action of acetylcholinesterase (IC50 of 2.29 µg/mL), which can be related to the mechanisms of action. On the other hand, the biological activity of β-caryophyllene, α-humulene and germacrene D were higher than the essential oil. In addition, these sesquiterpenes and essential oil did not show a lethal effect on Toxorhynchites splendens, Anisops bouvieri, Gambusia affinis and Diplonychus indicus (LC50 from 2098.80 to 7707.13 ppm), although D. indicus is more sensible (SI/PSF from 48.56 to 252.02 ppm) to essential oil, representing a natural alternative against these relevant vectors.
A Fungal Modified Material With High Uranium (VI) Absorption Capacity And Strong Anti-Interference Ability
Authors: Tan Ni , Ye Qiaorong , Liu Yaqing , Yang Yincheng , Ding Zui , Liu Lijie , Wang Duoduo , Zeng Chensi
Published: January 2022

With polydioxyethylene ether as the bridge chain, a new fungal modified material with diamidoxime groups was prepared by a series of uncomplex synthesis reaction. The orthogonal experiment obtained its optimized adsorption conditions as follows: the initial pH value 6.5, the initial uranyl concentration 40 mg L-1, the contact time 130 min, and the solid-liquid ratio 25 mg L-1. The maximum adsorption capacity of target material was 446.20 mg g-1, and it was much greater than that of the similar monoamidoxime material (295.48 mg g−1). The linear Langmuir (R2 = 0.9856) isotherm models and the linear pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9931) fit the experimental data of uranium (VI) adsorption better, indicating the adsorption mechanism should mainly be the monolayer adsorption and chemical process. In addition, the relevant experiments exhibited the prepared material was of the good reuse and the excellent anti-interference performance, which suggested the new acquisition should also have well-applied prospect in the future.
Geographical Variability of Bacterial Communities of Cryoconite Holes of Andean Glaciers
Authors: Pittino Francesca , Ambrosini Roberto , Seeger Michael , Azzoni Roberto Sergio , Diolaiuti Guglielmina , Gazitúa Pablo Alviz , Franzetti Andrea
Published: January 2022

Cryoconite holes, ponds full of melting water with a sediment on the bottom, are hotspots of biodiversity on glacier surface and host dynamic micro-ecosystems on these extreme environments. They have been extensively investigated in different areas of the world (e.g., Arctic, Antarctic, Alps, and Himalaya), but no study so far has described the bacterial communities of the glaciers in the Andes, the world longest mountain range. In this study, we start filling this gap of knowledge and describe the bacterial communities of Southern Andes in three small (< 2 km2) high elevation (< 4200 m a.s.l.) glaciers of Central Andes (Iver, East Iver and Morado glaciers) and two large (> 85 km2) glaciers in Patagonian Andes (Exploradores and Perito Moreno glaciers) whose ablation tongues reach low altitude (< 300 m a.s.l). Results show that the bacterial communities were generally similar to those observed in the cryoconite holes of other continents. Indeed, the most abundant orders were Burkholderiales, Cytophagales, Sphingobacteriales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, Rhodospiarillales, Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales and Bacteroidales. However, the bacterial communities differed between glaciers and both water pH and O2 concentration influenced the bacterial community composition.
Meta-analysis of the Efficacy of Hemoperfusion Combined With Hemodialysis in Treating Acute Severe Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning
Authors: Zeng Siyao , Ma Lei , Hu Xiaodong , Wang Cheng , Gou Yi , Li Yi
Published: January 2022

BackgroundAcute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning (ASOPP) is a common severe emergency in developing countries. At present, the incidence of complications and mortality are still very high, and there are some difficulties in treatment. More and more studies have found that hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis can improve the prognosis of patients based on conventional emergency treatment, but there is a lack of evidence-based medical evidence. Our meta-analysis is mainly to clarify the efficacy of hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis on ASOPP.MethodsWe searched several databases. After formulating relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria, qualified studies were included and data were extracted. The outcome indicators were cure rate, efficacy, incidence of complications, time for cholinesterase level to return to normal, coma time, time of hospitalization and atropine dosage. Results were analyzed using risk ratios (RR), odds ratios (OR), weighted mean difference (WMD), standard mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidential interval (95% CI). The cochrane collaboration tool was used for the assessment of the risk of bias of every included studies. In terms of statistical methods, we used RevMan software (version 5.3) and Stata (version 14 and 16) for data analysis.ResultsWe included 35 RCTs, including 2650 participants. Compared with the emergency conventional treatment group, the use of hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis to treat ASOPP patients based on conventional emergency treatment significantly increased the cure rate [RR=1.20, 95% CI (1.16, 1.25), p<0.00001], improved the efficacy [OR=2.76, 95% CI (2.07, 3.67), p=0.000], and reduced the incidence of complications [RR=0.26, 95% CI (0.20, 0.34), p<0.00001] and also reduced the patient's time for cholinesterase level to return to normal [WMD=-4.05, 95% CI (-4.40, -3.70), p<0.00001], coma time [SMD=-2.62, 95% CI (-3.08, -2.15), p<0.00001], time of hospitalization [WMD=-5.80, 95% CI (-6.57, -5.02), p<0.00001], and atropine dosage [WMD=-194.81, 95% CI (-223.55, -166.08), p<0.00001].ConclusionHemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis can apparently improve the prognosis of patients and has a good effect in the treatment of acute severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. In the future, more scientifically designed large-scale, high-quality, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed to further illustrate the significance of this study.
Spatial assessment of tap water safety in China and associated health impacts
Authors: Liu Mengjie , Graham Nigel , Wang Wenyu , Zhao Renzun , Lu Yonglong , Elimelech Menachem , Yu Wenzheng
Published: January 2022

The quality of municipal water supplies is of fundamental importance to public health and national security. Here, we assess the tap water quality in 31 provinces across China and examine the effects of natural and anthropogenic conditions on water quality and associated health risks. Precipitation is a crucial factor influencing the organic matter content and ionic conductivity in tap water, especially for arid and semi-arid regions. Although the concentration of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is closely related to the organic matter content, the occurrence of highly toxic DBPs was more significantly affected by anthropogenic factors such as economic development and pollution emission. We confirmed nanofiltration as an effective point-of-use treatment to reduce the adverse effects of DBPs in public water supplies. Since DBPs in tap water is a long-term global problem, our results highlight the potential health hazards of drinking water brought about by social development and conclude that countries and regions with rapid development might face high DBP toxicity.
Development and Operationalization of a Data Framework to Assess Quality of Integrated Diabetes Care in the Fragmented Data Landscape of Belgium
Authors: Buffel Veerle , Danhieux Katrien , Bos Philippe , Remmen Roy , Olmen Josefien Van , Wouters Edwin
Published: January 2022

Background. To assess the quality of integrated diabetes care, we should be able to follow the patient throughout the care path, monitor his/her care process and link them to his/her health outcomes, while simultaneously link this information to the primary care system and its performance on the structure and organization related quality indicators. However the development process of such a data framework is challenging, even in period of increasing and improving health data storage and management. This study aims to develop an integrated multi-level data framework for quality of diabetes care and to operationalize this framework in the fragmented Belgium health care and data landscape.Methods. Based on document reviews and iterative expert consultations, theoretical approaches and quality indicators were identified and assessed. After mapping and assessing the validity of existing health information systems and available data sources through expert consultations, the theoretical framework was translated in a data framework with measurable quality indicators. The construction of the data base included sampling procedures, data-collection, and several technical and privacy-related aspects of linking and accessing Belgian datasets.Results. To address three dimensions of quality of care, we integrated the chronic care model and cascade of care approach, addressing respectively the structure related quality indicators and the process and outcome related indicators. The corresponding data framework is based on self-collected data at the primary care practice level (using the Assessment of quality of integrated care tool), and linked health insurance data with lab data at the patient level. Conclusion. In this study, we have described the transition of a theoretical quality of care framework to a unique multilevel database, which allows assessing the quality of diabetes care, by considering the complete care continuum (process and outcomes) as well as organizational characteristics of primary care practices.
Sir2-domain associated short prokaryotic Argonautes provide defence against invading mobile genetic elements through NAD+ depletion
Authors: Zaremba Mindaugas , Dakineviciene Donata , Golovinas Edvardas , Stankunas Edvinas , Lopatina Anna , Sorek Rotem , Manakova Elena , Ruksenaite Audra , Silanskas Arunas , Ašmontas Simonas , Grigaitis Rokas , Timinskas Kęstutis , Venclovas Česlovas , Siksnys Virginijus
Published: January 2022

Argonaute (Ago) proteins are found in all three domains of life. The so-called long Agos are composed of four major domains (N, PAZ, MID, and PIWI) and contribute to RNA silencing in eukaryotes (eAgos) or defence against invading mobile genetic elements in prokaryotes (pAgos). Intriguingly, the majority (~60%) of prokaryotic Agos (pAgos) identified bioinformatically are shorter (comprised of only MID and PIWI domains) and are typically associated with Sir2, Mrr or TIR domain-containing proteins. The cellular function and mechanism of short pAgos remain enigmatic. Here, we show that short pAgos from Geobacter sulfurreducens, Caballeronia cordobensis and Paraburkholderia graminis, together with the NAD+-bound Sir2-proteins form a stable heterodimeric Sir2/Ago complex that recognizes invading plasmid or phage DNA through the pAgos subunit and activates Sir2 subunit triggering the endogenous NAD+ depletion and cell death thus preventing the propagation of invading DNA. This is the first demonstration that short Sir2-associated pAgos provide defence against phages and plasmids and underscores the diversity of mechanisms of prokaryotic Agos.
The Anti-Ischemic Effects of PIK3IP1 in Reducing the Likelihood of Cardiac Cell Death are Mediated Through its Interactions with the ETA-PI3Kγ-AKT Axis
Authors: Park Jei Hyoung , Nho Kyoung Jin , Lee Ji Young , Yoo Yung Joon , Park Woo Jin , Cho Chunghee , Kim Do Han
Published: January 2022

Oxidative stress, caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is one of the main factors leading to myocardial cell damage and programmed cell death. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase -AKT (PI3K-AKT) signaling is essential for regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-interacting protein 1 (PIK3IP1) is an intrinsic inhibitor of PI3K in various tissues, but its functional role during AMI remains unknown. In this study, the anti-ischemic role of PIK3IP1 in an in vitro AMI setting was evaluated using H9c2 cells. The MTT assay demonstrated that cell viability decreased significantly with treatment of H2O2 (200 -500 µM). The TUNEL assay results revealed substantial cellular apoptosis following treatment with 200 µM H2O2. Under the same conditions, the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), bcl-2-like protein 4 (BAX), and cleaved caspase–3, were elevated, whereas those of PIK3IP1 and Bcl-2 decreased significantly. PIK3IP1 overexpression inhibited H2O2-induced, and PI3K-mediated, apoptosis; however, PIK3IP1 knockdown reversed this effect, suggesting that PIK3IP1 functions as an anti-apoptotic molecule. To identify both the upstream and downstream molecules associated with PIK3IP1, ET-1 receptor type-specific antagonists (BQ-123 and BQ-788) and PI3K subtype-specific antagonists (LY294002 and IPI-549) were used to determine the participating isoforms. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to identify the binding partners of PIK3IP1. Our results demonstrated that ROS-induced cardiac cell death may occur through the ETA-PI3Kγ-AKT axis, and that PIK3IP1 inhibits binding with both ETA and PI3Kγ. Taken together, these findings reveal that PIK3IP1 plays an anti-ischemic role by reducing the likelihood of programmed cell death via interacting with the ETA-PI3Kr-AKT axis.
Low Serum Iron Status Is Associated With Low Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease In Women
Authors: Guo Shuren , Mao Xiaohuan , Li Xiaohua , Ouyang Huan
Published: January 2022

Background: Disorders of iron metabolism has been implicated in cardiovascular disease. However, the association of serum ferritin and coronary artery disease (CAD) remains inconsistent. Here, we investigated the associations of serum iron metabolism with the incidence of CAD, the severity of coronary artery stenosis, metabolic biomarkers, and 1-year restenosis after coronary artery revascularization. Methods: A total of 643 CAD patients and 643 healthy controls were enrolled to assess the associations of serum iron status with the presence of CAD, the severity of CAD, and 1-year rehospitalization after revasculation. Serum iron metabolism and other metabolic markers were measured in all subjects. All statistical analyses were analyzed using SPSS22.0 software and STATA statistical package.Results: Serum level of iron metabolism markers, including serum iron, ferritin, unsaturated transferrin iron binding capacity (UIBC), Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) levels, in CAD groups was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001). UIBC and TIBC were negatively correlated with ferritin in both sexes. Serum level of iron (OR=0.806, 95% CI (0.687-0.944), UIBC (OR=0.919, 95% CI (0.852-0.992), and TIBC (OR=0.864, 95% CI (0.787-0.95) were found to have a protective role for CAD in women (P<0.05, Table 3). The OR for ferritin was significant in the both sexes (OR=1.029, 95% CI (1.002-1.058) in men, OR=1.02, 95% CI (1.005-1.034) in women, P<0.05). Conclusion: Low Serum level of iron, UIBC, TIBC and ferritin levels were found to have a protective role for CAD in women, but not in men. Elevated serum ferritin is independently and positively associated with CAD in men and women.
Differential Macrophage Phenotype Rewired by Hantaan Virus Constrains the Magnitude of Inflammatory Responses in Murine versus Humans
Authors: zhang fanglin , Ma Hongwei , Yang Yongheng , Nie Tiejian , Yan Rong , Si Yue , Wei Jing , Li Mengyun , Liu He , Ye Wei , Zhang Hui , Cheng Linfeng , Zhang Liang , Lv Xin , Luo Limin , Xu Zhikai , Zhang Xijing , Lei Yingfeng
Published: January 2022

Hantaan virus (HTNV) is principally maintained and transmitted by rodents in nature, the infection of which is non-pathogenic in the field or laboratory mouse, but can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in human beings, a severe systemic inflammatory disease with high mortality. It remains obscure how HTNV infection leads to disparate outcomes in distinct species. Here, we revealed a differential immune status in murine versus humans post HTNV infection, which was orchestrated by the macrophage reprogramming process and characterized by late-phase inactivation of NF-κB signaling. In HFRS patients, the immoderate and continuous activation of inflammatory monocyte/macrophage (M1) launched TNFα-centered cytokine storm and aggravated host immunopathologic injury, which can be life-threatening; however, in field or laboratory mice, the M1 activation and TNFα release were significantly suppressed at the late infection stage of HTNV, restricting excessive inflammation and blocking viral disease process, which also protected mice from secondary LPS challenge or polymicrobial sepsis. Mechanistically, we found that murine macrophage phenotype was dynamically manipulated by HTNV via the Notch-lncRNA-p65 axis. At the early stage of HTNV infection, the intracellular domain of Notch receptor (NICD) was activated by viral nucleocapsid (NP) stimulation and potentiated the NF-κB pathway by associating with and facilitating the interaction between IKKβ and p65. At the late stage, Notch signaling launched the expression of diverse murine-specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and attenuated M1 polarization. Among them, lncRNA 30740.1 (termed as lnc-ip65, an inhibitor of p65) bound to p65 and hindered its phosphorylation, exerting negative feedback on the NF-κB pathway. Genetic ablation of lnc-ip65 shifted the balance of macrophage polarization from a pro-resolution to an inﬂammatory phenotype, leading to superabundant production of pro-inﬂammatory cytokines and increasing mice susceptibility to HTNV infection or bacterial sepsis. Collectively, our findings identify an immune braking function and mechanism for murine lncRNAs in inhibiting p65-mediated M1 activation, opening a novel therapeutic avenue of controlling the magnitude of immune responses for HFRS and other inflammatory diseases.
Flood and tides trigger longest measured sediment flow that accelerates for thousand kilometers into deep-sea
Authors: Talling Peter , Baker Megan , Pope Ed , Jacinto Ricardo Silva , Heijnen Maarten , Hage Sophie , Simmons Stephen , Hasenhündl Martin , Heerema Catharina , Ruffell Sean , McGhee Claire , Apprioual Ronan , Ferrant Anthony , Cartigny Matthieu , Parsons Daniel , Clare Michael , Tshimanga Raphael , Trigg Mark , Cula Costa , Faria Rui , Gaillot Arnaud , Bola Gode , Wallace Declan , Griffiths Allan , Nunny Robert , Urlaub Morelia , Peirce Christine , Burnett Richard , Neasham Jeffrey , Hilton Robert
Published: January 2022

Here we document for the first time how major rivers connect directly to the deep-sea, by analysing the longest runout sediment flows (of any type) yet measured in action. These seafloor turbidity currents originated from the Congo River-mouth, with one flow travelling >1,130 km whilst accelerating from 5.2 to 8.0 m/s. In one year, these turbidity currents eroded 1-2 km3 of sediment from just one submarine canyon, equivalent to 14-28% of the annual global-flux from rivers. It was known earthquakes trigger canyon-flushing flows. We show major river-floods also generate canyon-flushing flows, primed by rapid sediment-accumulation at the river-mouth, but triggered by spring tides weeks to months after the flood. This is also the first field-confirmation that turbidity currents which erode can self-accelerate, thereby travelling much further. These observations explain highly-efficient organic carbon transfer, and have important implications for hazards to seabed cables, or how terrestrial climate change impacts the deep-sea.
Clausena Harmandiana Root Extract Improved Amyloid-β Induced Cognitive Impairments in Rats By Reducing Aβ1-42 Protein Levels and Neuroinflammation
Authors: Nillert Nutchareeporn , Boonyarat Chantana , Welbat Jariya Umka , Bunreungthong Komsun , Puthongking Ploenthip , Pannangrong Wanassanun
Published: January 2022

Background: Neuroinflammation caused by amyloid‐β (Aβ) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. In AD, Aβ accumulation can activate the surrounding microglia which followed by the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), results in cognitive impairments. Clausena harmandiana (CH) is an herb in the Rutaceae family and has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of illness such as stomachache and headache, and as a health tonic. It is interesting that CH root extract (CHRE) exhibits various anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities, but there has not been any study in Alzheimer's disease-like animal models.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of CHRE on Aβ1-42-induced cognitive impairments, increased Aβ1-42 protein levels and neuroinflammation. Methods: Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=8). The rats were given 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Celebrex® (10 mg/kg BW) or CHRE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW) and not given any treatment by oral gavage for 35 days. On day 21, all treated rats were injected with aggregated Aβ1-42 at a concentration of 1 µg/µl into both lateral ventricles (1 µl/side), while untreated rats were injected with sterilized normal saline. Ten days later, their recognition memory was assessed using the novel object recognition test. At the end of the experiment, all rats were euthanized by an overdose of thiopental sodium (120 mg/kg BW) and transcardial perfusion with 0.9% normal saline solution, to observe Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers (CD11b-positive microglia, IL-1β, and TNFα) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.Results: The results indicated that pretreatment with CHRE at all doses improved impairment of short- and long-term recognition memory. In addition, CHRE significantly decreased Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers in both brain regions as well as pretreatment with Celebrex®.Conclusions: This suggests that CHRE has a potential therapeutic effect against Aβ1-42-induced cognitive impairments by reducing Aβ1-42 protein levels and neuroinflammation.
Designing a Smart Pillow for Sleep Quality Remote Monitoring
Authors: OLIVEIRA VINICIUS , Pereira Felisberto , Carvalho Nuno , Lopes Sérgio
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes a low cost IoT solution to detect head movements and positions of a patient by means of Force Sensing Resistors positioned on a pillow and connected to a micro-controller collecting patient data anytime, when sleeping, sending it to the cloud and making it available to healthcare professionals. The impact of this work is focused on monitoring sleep quality, using low-cost and easy to use pillows in an ambulatory scenario, without the need of expensive and dedicated sleeping rooms for sleep monitoring, which most of the times affect patient sleep and degrades the quality of the measurement.In this case it is possible to monitor the patient’s behavior throughout the entire sleep, important for detecting factors causing minor head and neck injuries and even checking for events of long pauses in respiratory rate.