bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Integrated Management System Establishment on the Safety Performance Indices: A Case Study in a Manufacturing Industry
Authors: TAHERZADEH CHENANI KHALIL , JAFARI NODOUSHAN REZA , GHOVEH NODOUSHAN MOHAMMAD ALI , BOGHRI FAHIMEH , MADADIZADEH FARZAN
Published: January 2022

Safety programs are among the effective factors that may have a key role in upgrading workforce productivity and promotion of qualitative and quantitative indicators of production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of integrated management systems (IMS) establishment on safety performance improvement. This study was a retrospective study conducted at the Mazrouf Glass factory in Yazd, Iran. To investigate the effect of IMS establishment on the safety performance during the studied years, indices of injury frequency rate (IFR), injury severity rate (ISR), frequency-severity index (FSI), and Safety T. Score (S.T.S) were used. The paired-samples t-test was used to compare safety indices before and after the establishment of the IMS. The results showed that the establishment of IMS had a meaningful effect on the reduction of the IFR and ISR. Also, no meaningful effect was found between IMS establishment and FSI and S.T.S. IMS establishment could reduce the IFR and ISR, which in turn may promote productivity indicators. Eventually, it could be concluded that IMS establishment can be used as an effective proceeding to improve workplace safety indices.
Demographic and Occupational Risk Factors of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among Dental students in their Final Year at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: MAHMOOD ALJUNAID NORA , ALZAHRANI AMAL SAEED , AHMED HEGAZY AMAL , ABDULRAHMAN  ALTASSAN KHALED
Published: January 2022

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral compression neuropathy that accounts for 90% of all entrapment neuropathies. Dentists typically have a higher prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders including CTS. Currently, there is a lack of literature on CTS prevalence and risk factors among dentistry in Saudi Arabia. Our study was the first to examine the prevalence and the associated demographic and occupational factors of CTS among dental students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the School of Dentistry at King Abdulaziz University. A total of 120 dental students in their final year were included. We used a validated self-administered questionnaire that included demographic data, work, medical history, and a modified Katz's hand diagram to assess the symptoms and occupational exposures. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied using SPSS software version 16. The prevalence of CTS among dental students was 13.3%. It was higher in females 10% compared to male 3.3%. There was a significant relationship between the body mass index (P= 0.03) with underweight category by having a higher prevalence of CTS. The use of finger pinch grip showed an inverse association with CTS (P=0.04). Other risk factors were not significantly associated with CTS. The prevalence of CTS among dental students was higher than the general population. However, many previously identified risk factors showed no significant association with CTS adding to the controversy of the contributing risk factors of this disease among dentistry. Finger pinch grip showed inverse association which was contrary to published literature. Future studies may include exposure time for each occupational risk factor preferably in a prospective cohort.
Limitations of WBGT Index for Application in Industries: A Systematic Review
Authors: GOLBABAEI FARIDEH , AHMADI ASOUR AKBAR , KEYVANI SEPIDEH , KOLAHDOUZI MALIHE , MOHAMMADIYAN MAHDI , FASIH RAMANDI FATEMEH
Published: January 2022

The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is still widely applied as a preliminary tool for evaluating heat stress. This index faces some limitations not considered yet. This systematic review was conducted aiming at highlighting some limitations for the development of the WBGT index. The present study was organized using more extensive databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Databases (SID), Elsevier, Web of Science, Scopus, Irandoc, Magiran, and Iran Medex. The used search terms were WBGT index, Heat stress, Thermal Stress, Heat strain, Wet Bulb Globe Temperature, Hot Condition, Occupational Health, and Occupational Exposure indices. In this study, 69 articles from the years 1950 to December 2021 were assessed. The WBGT index, despite having some advantages, suffers limitations that should be considered for a more accurate estimate of thermal stress. This study was pointed to the new limitations, including the value of WBGT is not clear for persons whose working in a seated posture. The additional problem with the use of this index was that it was used for adapted people who have consumed enough water and salt, while neither water nor salt is always readily available in most hot working environments. Therefore, using this index will cause an error. Also, in heterogeneous environments, if the heat source is near the head or legs, a coefficient will not be applied to these regions. The results of the study demonstrated that, because of the limitations of the WBGT index, it is recommended that this index be used along with other indicators and physiological parameters to assess heat stress until more extensive studies would be conducted in an attempt to improve and remove its limitations.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Endometriosis as Two Evil Extremes of Health Continuum
Authors: Sadeghi Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Seminal L-Carnitine In Infertile Oligoasthenoteratozoospermic Men with Varicocele
Authors: Mostafa Taymour , Abougabal Khadiga , Mintziori Gesthimani , Nabil Nashaat , Adel Mohamed , AboSief Ahmed F.
Published: January 2022

Background: Few studies have investigated the relationship of seminal L-Carnitine (LC) with male infertility associated with varicocele. The purpose of this prospective cross-sectional study was to assess seminal plasma LC levels in infertile oligoathenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men with varicocele.
Methods: Overall, 86 men were investigated. They were divided into infertile OAT men with varicocele (n=45), infertile OAT men without varicocele (n=21), and fertile men (n=20) as a control group. According to WHO guidelines, these men were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and semen analysis. Seminal LC levels were evaluated by the colorimetric method. Statistical comparisons were done using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests and correlations were verified by the Pearson test. P-value<0.05 was set to be statistically significant.
Results: The mean seminal plasma LC levels were significantly lower in infertile OAT men with varicocele (216.3±57.1 ng/ml) compared to infertile OAT men without varicocele (252.9±62.9 ng/ml, p=0.01), or fertile men (382.8±63.6 ng/ml, p= 0.001). Besides, the mean seminal plasma LC level exhibited statistically significant decreases in infertile OAT men of varicocele grade III compared to varicocele grade II cases, and in infertile OAT men with bilateral varicocele compared with unilateral varicocele cases. Collectively, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between seminal LC levels with sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology.
Conclusion: Seminal LC levels are expressively reduced in infertile OAT men with varicocele and are influenced by an increase in varicocele grade and laterality.
Luteal Phase Support in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Vaginal Versus Intramuscular Progesterone Administration
Authors: Azargoon Azam , Joorabloo Gohar , Mirmohammadkhani Majid
Published: January 2022

Background: Different progesterone doses and routes are used for luteal phase support in stimulated intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles, but the optimal supplementation scheme has not yet been determined. Therefore, our aim was to compare the administration of two different doses of vaginal progesterone with two doses of intramuscular (IM) progesterone for luteal phase support in patients undergoing IUI cycles.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 312 women with unexplained or male-factor infertility intending to start IUI cycles between April 2015 and January 2018 were included. They were randomized into four groups (n=78/each) including group 1 who received IM progesterone in oil (25 mg daily), group 2 who received IM progesterone in oil (50 mg daily), group 3 who received progesterone suppository (400 mg daily), and group 4 who received progesterone suppository (800 mg daily; 400 mg twice daily). The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate. The ongoing pregnancy rate, abortion rate, and patients’ satisfaction, and convenience the secondary outcomes.
Results: In our study, the overall clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates per cycle with COS and IUI were 16.02% and 12.8%, respectively. There were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and abortion rates among groups (p=0.84). The overall patients’ satisfaction and convenience was significantly higher in the vaginal progesterone suppository groups than the IM progesterone groups (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that vaginal progesterone administration provides a more easy-to-use and convenient method than IM progesterone administration for luteal phase support in IUI cycles with comparable pregnancy rates.
A Comparative Analysis of Outcomes Between Two Different Intramuscular Progesterone Preparations in Women Undergoing Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles
Authors: Seshadri Srividya , Odia Rabi , Ozturk Ozkan , Saab Wiam , AlChami Ali , Gonzalez Xavier Viñals , Salim Saba , Saab Wael , Serha Paul
Published: January 2022

Background: The purpose of the current study was to assess if luteal support with intramuscular (IM) 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) (Lentogest, IBSA, Italy) improves the pregnancy outcome in comparison to natural intramuscu-lar progesterone (Prontogest, AMSA, Italy) when administered to recipients in a frozen embryo transfer cycle.
Methods: A retrospective comparative study was performed to evaluate outcomes between two different intramuscular regimens used for luteal support in frozen embryo transfer cycles in patients underwent autologous in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles (896 IVF cycles) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) who had a blastocyst transfer from February 2014 to March 2017 at the Centre for Reproduct-ive and Genetic Health (CRGH) in London.
Results: The live birth rates were significantly lower for the IM natural progesterone group when compared to 17-OHPC group (41.8% vs. 50.9%, adjusted OR of 0.63 (0.31-0.91)). The miscarriage rates were significantly lower in the 17-OHPC group compared to the IM natural progesterone group (14.5% vs. 19.2%, OR of 1.5, 95% CI of 1.13-2.11). The gestational age at birth and birth weight were similar in both groups (p=0.297 and p=0.966, respectively).
Conclusion: It is known that both intramuscular and vaginal progesterone prepar-ations are the standard of care for luteal phase support in women having frozen embryo transfer cycles. However, there is no clear scientific consensus regarding the optimal luteal support. In this study, it was revealed that live birth rates are sig-nificantly higher in women who received artificial progesterone compared to women who received natural progesterone in frozen embryo transfer cycles.
Content of professional training of English language teachers from the perspective of educational urbanistics
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Goncharova Victoria A.
Published: January 2022

The modern educational process in the field of intercultural foreign language education becomes controversial in terms of content (the need to understand the native culture as, first of all, a manifestation of the regional culture) and the organization of training (the need to transform the mediated, formal intercultural communication in the audience in direct interpersonal interaction with the acquisition of personal experience of the activity). On the other hand, the training of teachers in the field of language education involves a request for the development of non-linear and unsupported thinking of graduates, the formation of their ability to work with the future at the levels of design and methodological analysis. As a result of the complexity of the goal, there is a need to find new resources and ways of educational activities. The article is based on the thesis that it is possible to link the professional-pedagogical (methodological) and subject-communicative training of the modern foreign language teacher within the framework of an appropriate resource for this purpose — the urban educational environment. To substantiate the proposed thesis, the author analyzes the system of requirements for the professional training of the modern teacher of foreign languages, formulates the connection between intercultural foreign language education and the city. From the standpoint of educational urbanistics, the city is regarded as an educational multidimensional environment for professional and communicative training of the future teacher of English. Anthropopractice is defined as the main method for such training, and playing games can be the leading technique. The case of the Moscow educational environment helps to exemplify the components of the content of professional pedagogical training of EL teachers (within the intercultural approach).
Simultaneous operations on abdominal aorta and biliary tract
Authors: Ivandaev A. S. , Kuznetsov A. M. , Vasilchenko M. I.
Published: January 2022

In this study we present a clinical case of simultaneous surgical treatment of a patient with an abdominal aorta aneurysm and cholelithiasis. Such a combination of diseases is rather common, but few centres have experience in performing simultaneous operations. In the literature, one can usually find observations or descriptions of small series of operations. The potential risk of infection of a synthetic prosthesis due to contamination of the prosthesis during cholecystectomy is one of the most significant constraining factors for performing simultaneous operations. Review of the available literature showed that most of the authors who promoted the staged treatment of this group of patients adhered to this position. On the other hand, dividing the treatment of two diseases into stages may be associated with specific complications of unoperated pathology. For instance, some authors described cases of aortic aneurysm rupture after cholecystectomy. On the other hand, there are publications that indicate the association between exacerbation of gallstone disease and resection of the aortic aneurysm. Contradicting outcomes and different points of view on potential risks associated with simultaneous and staged treatment approaches for this group of patients require analysis and determination of the optimal surgical technique to minimize the risks of infectious complications, aortic aneurysm rupture and exacerbation of cholelithiasis. Based on the presented observation and the other authors’ review of the outcomes, we concluded that the simultaneous operations can be performed without risk. The compliance with a stage-by-stage approach to the operation which will minimize the risks of infection of the prosthesis is the main condition for the safe performance of such operations.
The main stages of the cellular automata theory formation
Authors:   International Academy of Noosphere, Aladjev Victor
Published: January 2022

Paper presents our standpoint on the main stages of the cellular automata theory formation, based on our many years of research in this field. Along with English-speaking authors, the results of Soviet and Russian authors are presented, who made a fairly significant contribution to the theory of cellular automata, emphasizing a rather essential contribution of domestic researchers in this direction. Finally, our standpoint is presented on the place of the problematics of cellular automata in the system of modern natural science.
MANAGEMENT OF RISKS FOR COMPLEX NETWORK BASED ON AN ARBITRATION MODEL
Authors:   Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kalashnikov Andrey , Anikina Evgenia ,   Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

Abstract Purpose of the article: build risk management frameworks in a complex network under uncertainty when the local risk functions of network nodes are random. Research method: a generalized game-theoretic approach based on a generalized arbitrage scheme (the most stimulating solution), the key element of which is the possibility of hierarchical ordering of network nodes in accordance with the values of their local risks, when the local risk functions of nodes are random. At the same time for ordering local risks, it is proposed to use linear or quadratic functionals of a special type that meet the specified requirements. The result: In this paper considers a general model of a complex network in which two subjects interact: nature and the defender. Within the framework of the model, each of the subjects affects the network by distributing the available resource between its nodes. Local risk functions, meeting some specified requirements, are applied for estimation of the state of network nodes. At the same time, it is believed that nature distributes the available resource and thus affects the nodes randomly, and the defender tries to reduce the local risks of the system elements by implementing, in one sense or another, an effective distribution of the resource between them.
a-practicum module development of adaptive physical education courses
Authors: Erianti Erianti , Pitnawati Pitnawati , Astuti Yuni , Zulbahri Zulbahri , Damrah Damrah , Sari Dessi Novita
Published: January 2022

The idea of the research was coming from the learning transformation from full-offline to blended learning for practical courses at the Faculty of Sports Science. By the change of the learning process, it is known that there is an absence of practicum modules for adaptive physical education courses which is a compulsory subject for students in the Department of Sports Education. Furthermore, the course is being able to create game models that improve physical fitness for children with special needs, namely for the blind, the mentally disabled, the quadriplegic, the deaf, and the unsociable children. Therefore, the research aimed to develop the E- Practicum Module by using digitalization-based adaptive physical education courses as the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in solving the problems. The Research and Development was the method used in the research that observes and develops the E-Practicum Modules as teaching material by usingKvisoft Flipbook Maker application which has been developed by the Borg and Gall model and modified with seven stages of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and product revisions.
Sustainable River: The role of non-structural measures and public outreach programmes
Authors: Husin Nor Azilah , Mariyanti Eka , Saad Mazni , Noor Ahmad Fuad
Published: January 2022

The pollution level in the Klang River is high. The state government is working to address this issue. The study aims to determine the sustainability of the river through non-structural interventions and public outreach initiatives. Lembaga Urus Air Selangor (LUAS), Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID), Klang Local Council (MPK), and Shah Alam Local Council (MBSA) provided a total of 82 accessible data. The river community and completed an adapted questionnaire. The persons in charge of river cleaning in related sectors. For the study, SPSS Version 22.00 is used to analyse data. The finding showed that Cross-sectoral Collaboration (CSC) and Public Outreach Programme (POP) significantly roles on Sustainable River Cleaning.
Vitiligo and Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xia Joyce , Melian Christina , Guo William , Usmani Hunya , Clark Richard , Lozeau Daniel
Published: January 2022

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various skin conditions including vitiligo. However, the association between these 2 conditions has yet to be determined by quantitative meta-analysis.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to determine the association between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome via systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science was performed for all published literature prior to August 16, 2020. Case control and prospective cross-sectional studies analyzing the association between vitiligo and MetS were included in this review. The primary outcome measures include the type of vitiligo, diagnostic criteria for MetS, components of MetS (waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glycemic index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and BMI. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence and association of MetS in patients with vitiligo.

Results

A total of 6 studies (n=734 participants) meeting eligibility criteria were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MetS in patients with vitiligo was (0.296, 95% CI 0.206, 0.386; P<.001). Patients with vitiligo were no more likely to develop MetS compared to control patients (odds ratio 1.66, 95% CI 0.83, 3.33; P=.01). A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed a significant association between MetS and vitiligo (P<.001). Significant elevations in fasting glycemic index (mean difference 5.35, 95% CI 2.77, 7.93; P<.001) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference 1.97, 95% CI 0.02, 3.92; P=.05) were observed in patients with vitiligo compared to control patients.

Conclusions

The association between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome carries important clinical implications. Dermatologists and other multidisciplinary team members should remain vigilant when treating this patient population in order to prevent serious cardiovascular complications that may arise as a result of metabolic disease.
IMMUNOMODULATION VIA PHYTOACTIVE COMPOUNDS A PROMISING THERAPY FOR FUTURE MEDICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Shah Ashfaq A
Published: January 2022

A cardinal role is played by the benign immune system in our body in defending different types of infectious diseases as well as continuous surveillance of its elements actively remove malfunctioning cells that could be dangerous to the body if retained as such. The whole immune system is elegantly coordinated through complex pathways via thousands of proteins, chemicals, and other types of bioactive mediators. However, if any type of exaggeration or inappropriateness occurs in the elements of this system, it leads to several fatal disorders. Such disorders range from hypersensitive or allergic reactions to numerous derangements like loss of normal ability to differentiate non-self from self, resulting in immune actions against body own tissues and cells called auto-immune disorders. Various endogenous and exogenous factors termed immunomodulators interact with the elements of the immune system to bring about an amplification or suppression of an immune response and are thus incorporated in achieving a specific therapeutic goal. Currently, in use immunostimulants, immunoadjuvants, and immunosuppressants pose a great threat to normal cellular functions. It is thus the utmost need of the hour that current research should be much focused on the development of novel immunomodulating agents especially incorporating the strategies of nanotechnology. This review is aimed at providing some details on the currently used immunomodulators in modulating the immune responses as well as the need for the development of novel phytochemical-based immunomodulating agents. This review is a humble attempt to encourage the researchers to perform their research in this field.
Accidental ingestion of a dental bur in an 84 year-old-male
Authors: Mulita Francesk , Verras Georgios-Ioannis , Liolis Elias , Tchabashvili Levan , Panagiotopoulos Ioannis , Kaplanis Charalampos , Perdikaris Ioannis , Bouchagier Konstantinos
Published: January 2022

This report describes the case of an 84-year-old male who was brought to
the emergency room because a dental bur was swallowed accidentally
during a dental procedure. The foreign body was successfully removed by
gastroenterologists endoscopically 8 days after the ingestion and was
identified as a 2-cm-long dental bur.
Comparative reproductive parameters of sympatric Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) and Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris) in parkland Manitoba
Authors: Hammell Gord , Singer Howard , Armstrong Llwellyn
Published: January 2022

Waterfowl managers are concerned that Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) breeding populations remain below conservation goals. Contrasting population growth trajectories for sympatric, phylogenetically similar Lesser Scaup and Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris) at Erickson, Manitoba, Canada, prompted investigations that might help explain these trends and provide insight for population management of both species. We collected data (2008–2018) on productivity (broods/pair), water levels, hatching dates, age class-specific brood sizes, duckling daily survival rate, and brood female response to disturbance and compared results between species over time. Ring-necked Duck productivity was greater (0.42 versus 0.28, P < 0.01), hatching dates were earlier (19 July versus 27 July, P < 0.001), and females attempted to hide their broods more often than did Lesser Scaup (16% versus 3%, P < 0.001), but Ring-necked Duck age class-specific brood sizes were smaller than for Lesser Scaup (Ia broods: 6.1 versus 6.8, P = 0.02; IIa broods: 5.6 versus 6.2, P = 0.02). Duckling daily survival rates were similar. Productivity of both species was positively related to annual change in pond water level and both demonstrated similar rates of response to change. There was no support for an association between productivity and one- or two-year lagged pond water levels. Consistent with previous findings, our results suggest that greater Ring-necked Duck productivity is a likely proximate cause for the differing population growth trajectories between the species. We suggest that better Ring-necked Duck nest placement may be a contributing factor to the greater nest success observed.
Eighteenth census of seabirds breeding in the sanctuaries of the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 2015
Authors: Rail Jean-François
Published: January 2022

In 1925, ten migratory bird sanctuaries were created on the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and their breeding seabird populations have been censused every five years since. Between 2010 and 2015, only three alcid species exhibited positive population trends (Razorbill [Alca torda], Common Murre [Uria aalge], and Atlantic Puffin [Fratercula arctica]), while the remaining 13 species showed declining trends. Leach’s Storm-Petrel (Hydrobates leucorhous) and Caspian Tern (Hydroprogne caspia) are on the verge of disappearing from the sanctuaries, and the prolonged and rapid decline in Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) is worrisome. Based on historical records since 1925, it appears that seabird communities are faring well in some sanctuaries (e.g., Baie de Brador, Îles aux Perroquets, and Îles Sainte-Marie), while numbers are at low levels in others (e.g., Île à la Brume, Baie des Loups, and Saint-Augustin). Human disturbance, harvest of seabirds (eggs and birds), and predation are among the issues potentially most affecting seabird populations on the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
Manifestation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the oral cavity: The authors’ experience
Authors: Matosek-Rutkowska Anna , Kuriata Monika , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota , Krasuska-Sławińska Ewa
Published: January 2022

Background. Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare reactive proliferative disorder marked by excess proliferation and accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes in tissues and organs. Usually, organs and systems where Langerhans cells are normally found are involved. Lesions may be limited to one system and be single- or multisite, or many systems may be involved. The etiology is not fully known. According to one of the hypotheses, immune dysfunction due to exuberant response to an unknown antigen may be the cause. The most common clinical symptoms include skin lesions, bone pain, exophthalmos, and enlarged lymph nodes, affecting the liver and spleen. Gingivitis, pocket granulation tissue, ulceration of the gingival papilla, alveolar bone atrophy leading to loosening and loss of teeth are observed in the oral cavity. The aim of the study was to determine the type and incidence of oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Methods. We evaluated patients’ medical records to obtain data on the children’s age at diagnosis, sex, the form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, clinical picture (systemic and local oral symptoms), and radiological findings. Dental examinations (clinical and radiological) were performed to assess oral mucosa and periodontal tissues, and medical records were analyzed for the course and treatment of histiocytosis.

Results. The analysis included the medical records of 43 patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Oral lesions in the form of gingivitis, pathological tooth mobility, and expansion of alveolar mandibular bone were observed in 7 patients. Conclusions. Langerhans cell histiocytosis may be accompanied by maxillary, gingival, and mucosal lesions.
Eclipse retinopathy injury scale (ERIS): A classification of acute macular damage resulting from unprotected solar eclipse viewing
Authors: Czepita Maciej , Podlewska-Gaca Edyta , Czepita Damian
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Eclipse retinopathy occurs due to unprotected viewing of a solar eclipse. It is a long-recognized condition. The damage inflicted to the macula is due to a photochemical and photothermal effect caused by sunlight that enters the eye and is focused by the crystalline lens. Animal studies into eclipse retinopathy have been previously carried out. Retinal irradiance levels leading to macular damage have been established in rabbits. Limited data from studies on primates are also available. However, the exact values for humans have not yet been established with confidence.

Methods. Here we present a simple method for estimation of the retinal irradiance dose in humans and a classification of macular damage.

Results. As an example, the retinal irradiance dose of a theoretical patient observing the solar eclipse of March 20, 2015, is given along with the grade of macular damage according to the developed classification.

Discussion. The retinal irradiance values given in the classification are provisional for the time being. With more widespread use among ophthalmologists the developed classification should become useful for prognostic purposes.
The Effects of the Spaceflight Environment on the Vaginal Mucin Layer of the Mouse
Authors: Romer Camille , Forsman Allan
Published: January 2022

It has been well documented that spaceflight has adverse effects on many tissues and systems throughout the body. Although this phenomenon is well documented, relatively little research has been done in the area of the female reproductive system. If spaceflight has harmful effects on the female reproductive system, the migration of the human species into space would be greatly compromised. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of spaceflight on the thickness of the apical mucin layer in the vaginae of mice, as changes in this layer could have detrimental effects on sperm survival and, therefore, a profound impact on the animal’s ability to reproduce. This study examined the thickness of the vaginal mucin lining from female mice that were exposed to 13 days of spaceflight and their concomitant controls. The tissues were stained using a technique commonly used to localize and analyze mucin varieties. The tissue was qualitatively analyzed for the type of mucin produced (i.e., acidic, neutral, acidic/neutral mixture). Further, the tissue was quantitatively analyzed for the amount of mucins produced by measuring the thickness of the mucin layer. The results of this study indicate that spaceflight causes a thickening of the mucin lining of the vaginal canal. The results further indicate being housed in an Animal Enclosure Module also caused a thickening of the vaginal mucin layer — presumably due to internal cage environmental factors — but this effect was not as pronounced as that seen in the spaceflight mice.
Prolonged Head-Down Posture of Bats Induces Remodeling of the Aorta
Authors: Ashaolu James Olumide , Enaibe Bernard Ufuoma , Ajao Moyosore Salihu
Published: January 2022

Inversion is the regular position for bats at rest, but continuous inversion was expected to reverse the gravity vector exposure from feet-ward to head-ward and present hemodynamic challenges that induce remodeling of the aorta. There is paucity of information regarding the cardiovascular structural adaptations in bats engaged in regulating cranial or caudal blood redistribution in prolonged inversion. The aim of this study was to determine aortic adaptations in bats during prolonged inversion. Forty (40) bats were captured at Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria and randomly allocated into a normal control group and three test groups (n=10/group). The inversion period was not extended in control group A, but was maintained 8 days in B, 15 days in C, and 22 days in D. At the end of each inversion period, the bats were euthanized using intramuscular injection, and tissues were processed for Haematoxylin and Eosin, Orcein, and Van Gieson staining. Histological changes in the tunica media and adventitia were quantified, and the results were analyzed statistically. The ascending aorta exhibited thickening of the media and adventitia, whereas the abdominal aorta showed thinning of these regions. The changes increased in magnitude with longer periods of inversion. The histological stains indicated alterations in smooth muscle cells, collagen, and elastin content, consistent with predicted elevated pressure in the ascending and decreased pressure in the abdominal aortae. The vascular adaptation in bats may provide insights into suspected cardiovascular changes in astronauts during long-term spaceflight.
Over-Expression of FT1 in Plum (Prunus domestica) Results in Phenotypes Compatible with Spaceflight: A Potential New Candidate Crop for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems
Authors: Graham Thomas , Scorza Ralph , Wheeler Raymond , Smith Brenda , Dardick Chris , Dixit Anirudha , Raines Doug , Callahan Ann , Srinivasan Chinnathambi , Spencer Lashelle , Richards Jeffrey , Stutte Gary
Published: January 2022

Tree fruits (e.g., apples, plums, cherries) are appealing constituents of a crew menu for long-duration exploration missions (i.e., Mars), both in terms of their nutritive and menu diversity contributions. Although appealing, tree fruit species have long been precluded as candidate crops for use in plant-based bioregenerative life support system designs based on their large crown architecture, prolonged juvenile phase, and phenological constraints. Recent advances by researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have led to the development of plum (Prunus domestica) trees ectopically over-expressing the Flowering Locus T-1 (FT1) gene from Populus trichocarpa (poplar). The transformed plants exhibit atypical phenotypes that seemingly eliminate the aforementioned obstacles to spaceflight. Here we demonstrate the FT1 expression system (FasTrack) and the resultant dwarf growth habits, early flowering, and continuous fruit production. The potential contribution of P. domestica as a countermeasure to microgravity-induced bone loss is also discussed.
New Insights in Plant Biology Gained from Research in Space
Authors: Cannon Ashley E. , Salmi Mari L. , Clark Gregory , Roux Stanley
Published: January 2022

Recent spaceflight experiments have provided many new insights into the role of gravity in plant growth and development. Scientists have been taking seeds and plants into space for decades in an effort to understand how the stressful environment of space affects them. The resultant data have yielded significant advances in the development of advanced life-support systems for long-duration spaceflight and a better understanding of the fundamental role of gravity in directing the growth and development of plants. Experiments have improved as new spaceflight hardware and technology paved the way for progressively more insightful and rigorous plant research in space. The International Space Station (ISS) has provided an opportunity for scientists to both monitor and control their experiments in real-time. Experiments on the ISS have provided valuable insights into endogenous growth responses, light responses, and transcriptomic and proteomic changes that occur in the microgravity environment. In recent years most studies of plants in space have used Arabidopsis thaliana, but the single-celled, Ceratopteris richardii spore is also a valuable model system that has been used to understand plant gravity response. Experiments using these fern spores have revealed a dynamic and gravity-responsive trans-cell Ca2+ current that directs polarization of these spores and a possible role of extracellular nucleotides in establishing or contributing to this current. As technology continues to improve, spaceflight experiments will provide many new insights into the role and effects of gravity on plant growth and development.
Compact Heat Rejection System Utilizing Integral Variable Conductance Planar Heat Pipe Radiator for Space Application
Authors: Lee Kuan-Lin , Li Yeyuan , Guzek Brian J. , Kadambi Jaikrishnan R. , Kamotani Yasuhiro
Published: January 2022

In order to meet heat rejection requirements for future NASA exploration, scientific, and discovery missions, a study is being conducted for the feasibility of integral variable conductance planar heat pipe (VCPHP) technology. This represents a novel, low technology readiness level (TRL) heat rejection technology that, when developed, could operate efficiently and reliably across a wide range of thermal environments. The concept consists of a planar heat pipe whose evaporator acquires the excess thermal energy from the thermal control system and rejects it at its condenser whose outer surface acts as a radiating surface. The heat pipe is made from thermally conductive polymers in order to minimize its mass. It has a non-condensable gas that changes the active radiator surface depending on the heat load. A mathematical model of steady-state variable conductance heat pipe is developed. Two planar heat pipes are designed, fabricated, and tested to validate the theoretical model. The feasibility of the proposed VCPHP working in a space environment is discussed, based on the model.
Validation of Assays for Reactive Oxygen Species and Glutathione in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during Microgravity Simulation
Authors: Hammond Timothy G. , Allen Patricia L. , Birdsall Holly H.
Published: January 2022

The effects of spaceflight on yeast have high concordance with agents that induce a very low intracellular redox state and induce a massive efflux of glutathione. These results raise important issues. Can the reduced redox state during spaceflight be reproduced and modulated in ground-based simulations? Will this allow definition of unique drug pathways as a low redox potential state mirrors the electrophilic properties of mitochondria where many drugs are metabolized? Unfortunately, assays for redox status and its major cellular determinant—glutathione—are diverse and often cell-type-specific. Currently, an accepted redox probe set for yeast studies is not available. This paper validates fluorescent probes for glutathione and reactive oxygen status in yeast to support mechanistic studies of microgravity and drug metabolism. The plethora of fluorescent reagents for reactive oxygen species and glutathione makes head-to-head comparisons of all the alternatives impractical. These reagents measure the physiological milieu of reactive oxygen species and diverse thiols, rather than specific individual molecules. We report that in yeast, monochlorobimane (mBCL) and 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DC-FDA) are suitable for fluorometric and flow cytometry studies of glutathione and reactive oxygen species, respectively. Both dyes have low background fluorescence, predictable loading, good retention, and are not acutely toxic to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both dyes show concordance with other fluorescent and biochemical assays of reactive oxygen species.
Halaman depan Jurnal
Authors: Talino Tuah
Published: January 2022

Preface
PENGGUNAAN BAHASA DAERAH GENERASI MUDA PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA DALAM RANAH KETETANGGAAN DAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Aritonang Buha
Published: January 2022

Penggunaan bahasa daerah dalam ranah ketetanggaan dan pendidikan di kalangan generasi muda Provinsi Maluku Utara merupakan fenomena kebahasaan yang perlu diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan persentase dan posisi rentang skala Likert dalam garis kontinum penggunaan bahasa daerah generasi muda Provinsi Maluku Utara dalam ranah ketetanggaan dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan sosiolinguistik. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik penghitungan persentase, rata-rata berbobot, dan skala Likert untuk menunjukkan posisi rentang skala dalam garis kontinum dan kemudian menginterpretasikannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketika generasi muda Provinsi Maluku berbicara dengan mitra tutur dalam ranah ketetanggaan/pertemanan dan pendidikan sama-sama tergolong tidak baik. Hal itu disebabkan kecenderungan generasi muda Provinsi Maluku Utara tidak pernah menggunakan bahasa daerah kepada mitra tutur seperti kepada guru yang sesuku di sekolah, guru yang tidak sesuku di sekolah, siswa yang sesuku di sekolah (di luar kelas), siswa yang sesuku di sekolah (di dalam kelas), siswa yang tidak sesuku di sekolah (di dalam kelas), dan siswa sesuku di sekolah (di luar kelas).
MEMAHAMI PEREMPUAN MORONENE MELALUI TOKOH TINA ORIMA PADA KISAH “TINA ORIMA”
Authors: Hastuti Heksa Biopsi Puji
Published: January 2022

Penelitian mengangkat permasalahan bagaimanakah gambaran perempuan Moronene Ketika dihadapkan pada perjodohan, yang terepresentasi melalui tokoh Tina dalam kisah Tina Orima dan bertujuan mendeskripsikan gambaran perempuan Moronene dalam cerita rakyat “Tina Orima”. Data diperoleh dari hasil inventarisasi sastra Moronene. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menerapkan teknik triangulasi. Teori  struktural, teori semiotika, dan teori hermeneutika dijadikan landasan dalam menganalisis data. Model analisis struktural Levi-Strauss menjadi acuan analisis data cerita “Tina Orima” melalui empat tahap analisis, yaitu tahap pembacaan awal, perelasian untuk mendapatkan pemahaman sebagai dasar interpretasi, dan tahap penafsiran. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa Tina Orima merepresentasikan watak perempuan yang mengutamakan pengorbanan demi menghindari konflik dengan adat istiadat dan orang-orang di sekitarnya.
Application of Human Rights Laws in Pakistan: A Study with Reference to International Bill of Human Rights
Authors: Hussain Amjad , Saeed Muhammad Arif , Mushtaq Shahzada Aamir
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The present paper explores the efforts of Pakistan regarding application of Human Rights Laws. At first, the research explains the main Human Rights declarations and covenants and then their incorporation into Pakistani laws has been described.

 Design/Methodology/Approach: The global perspective of Human Rights and developments at regional level has been studied by using the domestic statutes, international covenants, conventional, etc. The doctrinal method of research has been adopted to achieve the objectives of the current study.

Implication: The study has disclosed that being signatory of UNO Conventions and Declarations, the Pakistan has been under obligation to incorporate International Human Rights into its legal system.       

Findings: The study finds that Pakistan has taken into consideration the international developments on Human Rights and has enacted various laws accordingly to promote the fundamental liberties.
Monitoring Dan Kendali Prototipe Sistem Kelistrikan Rumah Menggunakan Human Machine Interface (hmi)
Authors: Yuda Bakti Zainal
Published: January 2022

Pada penelitianini telah dirancang dan diaplikasikan sebuah sistem aplikasi mikro kontroler dengan menggunakan HMI untuk monitoring dankendali prototipe sistem kelistrikan rumah. Penggunaan HMI ini dimaksudkan agar didapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang komunikasi antara manusia dengan alat khususnya prototipe sistem kelistrikan rumah.

Sistem yang dirancang ini terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu sistem mikrokontroler dan sistem komputer sebagai HMI. Bagian sistem mikrokontroler terdiri atas sebuah mikrokontroler Atmega8535 sebagai kontroler utama, IC LM35 sebagai sensor temperatur, sebuah LCD untuk menampilkan nilai temperatur, driver dan relay sebagai output dari sistem ini. Sedangkan pada bagian sistem komputer untuk HMI menggunakan software Visual Basic 6.OdankonverterUSB ke Serial digunakan untuk komunikasi dengan mikrokontroler.

Dari hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem yang dirancang telah sesuai dengan spesifikasi dan fungsinya. Lampu sebagai beban output berhasil dinyalakan dan dimatikan dari HMI dikomputer. Temperatur ruang dan luar rumah pun dapat dimonitor secara realtime dengan trendingnya.
Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tekstil Menggunakan Proses Elektrokoagulasi Dengan Sel Al â€” Al
Authors: Bambang Hari Prabowo
Published: January 2022

Wastewater and its problems will emerge where human being have activity, thrown volume household wastewater can reach more than 60%. Industrial wastewater around 30-40%, but is always assumption contributor of biggest environ-mental pollution. Till now many industry not yet doing treating of wastewater to lessen burden of pollutant yielded before thrown to water body. Reason of the core important is operating expenses which is high enough. Pre-treatment like aeration in pond or basin, adding chemicals to precipitated pollutant especially heavy metal which generate color and dangerous ought to earn to be done by every industry. Because continuity produce and the long time pre-treatment of wastewater causing all industrialist unwilling to operate pre-treatment is mentioned.

Electrocoagulation is not a new technology, but in Indonesia not yet applied in social activities in its applying. This process modestly and easy to applied good ability in coagulation of pollutant, for organic and inorganic materials. In this research using plate ofaluminium and iron, and also combination from both.
Analisis Perbandingan Model Linier Dan Nonlinier Struktur Perkerasan Berdasarkan Pengaruh Variasi Tebal Dan Modulus
Authors: Agus Juhara
Published: January 2022

Analisis perbandingan model linier dan nonlinier dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak terhadap regangan tarik horizontal (Îµt) dan regangan tekan vertikal (Îµc) pada struktur perkerasan lentur akibat pengaruh peningkatan tebal lapis perkerasan (h) dan nilai modulus (E) material perkerasan.

Dari hasil analisis sensitivitas respon struktur perkerasan dengan model nonlinier, bahwa peningkatan modulus lapis perkerasan tidak menunjukan adanya sensitivitas regangan tarik horizontal (Îµt)  maupun regangan tekan vertikal (Îµc). Hal ini terjadi karena pada model nonlinier peningkatan modulus sangat dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan beban yang bekerja serta adanya pengaruh konstanta K1 dan K2 dari masing-masing lapis pondasi dan tanah dasar. Dimana konstanta K1 dan K2adalah sifat fisik material