bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAJOR CULTURAL FACTORS AFFECTING MODERN TUNISIAN LITERATURE
Authors: GÖKGÖZ Turgay
Published: May 2021

Tunisia, which was occupied by France in 1881, gained its independence in 1956. For this reason, modern Tunisian literature has been delayed to reach an artistic form. Various developments were necessary for modernization to be experienced in Tunisia, just like in other Arab countries. First of all, there had to be an awareness and awakening movement that would save the people from the oppression and cruelty of the French. As a matter of fact, it is possible to encounter this awakening, which we can call the “Islah” movement, in the works of literary figures. Schools such as Zaytouna University, The Sadiki College and Khaldounia Madrasa were established for the development of the country culturally. The purpose of these schools is to provide students with a Western-style education as well as religious education. In this regard, The Sadiki College and Haldûniye Madrasa have played a complementary role for the religious education given at Zaytouna University. In addition, al-Râ’id al-Tûnisî, al-Hâdhira, al-Sa‘âde al-‘Uzmâ ve al-‘Âlam al-Adabi etc. established in the country. Publications have a very important role in delivering the produced literary products to the public and in establishing modern Tunisian literature. “Jama’at taht al-Sur” which was located in the capital Tunisia in the 1930s and 1940s, was a place where the literary figures and artists of the period came together. This place also constitutes an important part of the literature in terms of laying the foundations of modern Tunisian literature. Finally 20th century writers such as Abu’l-Qâsım al-Shabbî, Ali Douagi and Mahmoud al-Mas‘adi, who were among the names that left their mark on Tunisian literature in the century, were among the key names of literature related to the legacy they passed on to Tunisian literature and to the next generations. In this study, it will be attempted to briefly give a place to the main objectives that have influenced the establishment of modern Tunisian literature, which has an important place in Arabic literature
THE CATEGORY OF SHEIKH AL-ARABIYA IBN JINNI(392) IN THE LIMIT OF THE LANGUAGE IS A SCIENCE OF MATURITY AND HAS NOT BEEN BURNED
Authors: Hanaa Mahmood Hanaa Mahmood
Published: May 2021

Modern linguistic theory has presented multiple linguistic cognitive problems Including: Langue, Langage and the function of language and its relationship to thought. And based on the fact that language is above all a human phenomenon that can be described and formed We tried to study a linguistic Category of the Arab scholar Ibn Jinni (d.392 AH) in ((The limit of the language is voices that all people express their purposes)), And analyze it according to modern linguistic theories The research is divided into three topics: the idiomatic dimension, the philosophical-linguistic dimension, and the functional dimension represented by: the social function, which is divided into several functions, including: expressive, deliberative, communicative, and is concluded with a conclusion that summarizes the results of the research
Complex Determinants Influencing Inappropriate Antibiotic Use - A Systematic Review
Authors: Aithal Architha , Pradhan Abhishek , Aithal Shubhrajyotsna , Shabaraya A. R.
Published: May 2021

Antibiotic medicine is a kind of antimicrobial substance used to fight against the bacteria entered to the human body and hence is considered as a most important category of antibacterial agents to fight against bacterial infections either by killing them or inhibiting their growth. Antibiotic medications are widely used both for preventing and curing infections in human beings, animals, and agricultural plants but are not effective against viral infections, such as the common cold, flu, coughs, sore throats, etc. Even though antibiotics found their importance in fighting against bacterial infections, inappropriate use of them in humans, animals, and agricultural plants has considered as one of the reasons for developing antimicrobial resistance in them and which has several negative effects from different stakeholders’ points of view. In this paper, through a systematic review, we made an attempt to study the determinant issues and complex affecting factors which influence the inappropriate antibiotic use and its consequences in controlling bacterial infections. The study focus on identifying and analyzing misuse of antibiotics including challenges involved in the inappropriate use of Antibiotics, the determinant factors influencing the inappropriate use of antibiotics through a systematic review, predict the determinant factors affecting the process of inappropriate use of antibiotics in an ideal situation which is the final goal of antibiotics research, developing a model by identifying the determinant factors which affects the decision of inappropriate use of antibiotics in society by various stakeholders. It also includes identifying the research gap which is the difference between current status and future anticipated optimistic ideal state and to develop research agendas based on identified research gap on inappropriate use of antibiotics and its effect on human health. Keywords: Antibiotics, Inappropriate use, Humans and agriculture, Research agenda, Research gap, Antimicrobial resistance.
EFFECTIVE REALIZATION OF CHANGES
Authors: Kantauskas Vytautas
Published: May 2021

Modern life is distinguished by rapid changes which affect the school as well. The changes which occur at school are usually caused by outer changes or they sometimes occur inside the school. Some of them are purposeful, initiated by the improvement of existing state, some of them occur because of rapid change outside the school and it does not depend on our will. Realization of purposeful changes helps schools to improve their activities and education. The Head of school is one of the main people who are responsible for the effective realization of the changes. The main qualities which should be obtained by the Head of school are: high competence in management, the right choice of realization means, training of the participants, and methodical supervision of the course realizing the changes.
We can distinguish such management competences: knowledge (in management, juridical, pedagog-ical, and psychological and others), personal qualities, values, attitudes and experience. The level of the management competence will depend upon the Head and his/her ability to join all the parts together in order to achieve the purpose, the development of all the parts and their balance. High management competence helps the Head to predict effective means, to train the participants and supervise the process of realization.
Changes at school are realized not only by the Head of school, but by other teachers too. It depends whose work is connected with the changes. Effective realization of the changes depends up on everyone’s contribution. It is very important to explain to all the participants the necessity of the planed change, benefits for school and personally for everyone. The other quite important condition is involving participants into foreseeing measures realizing the changes. So as foreseen changes could be fully realized, the Head has to be systematically interested in successful realization of all the means. The Head has to give help in proper time for those who need it and to keep optimism, rejoice at achievements.
Finally we can state that if we want the changes to be effectively realized, it depends up on the Head’s competence in management, the time which is devoted, energy and being ready for the changes and believe in successful end of it.
Key words: comprehensive school, management competences, management.
A SCHOOL GOOD TO BE IN
Authors: Bučiuvienė Stasė
Published: May 2021

Stasė Bučiuvienė, a member of the editorial board of the journal, talks to Jolanta Knyviene, the principal of Vilnius Simonas Daukantas Secondary School. The school was established in 1993 on the initiative of Vilnius Pedagogical University in the premises of the former kindergarten in Lazdynai region. The school was established as the main one, its first name being VPU University School.
Fuzzy Based MPPT Controller For Solar Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: M Sabitha , Kumar Dr. K. Ranjith
Published: May 2021

In this work, a Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) based MPPT technique is proposed to improve the performance of a stand-alone solar energy system. The Fuzzy logic controller is used as an intelligent way of tracking the maximum power point (MPP). The Taguchi method is adopted in this study to analyze multiple operating conditions of solar PV array. Solar PV output changes with Atmospheric conditions. The change in PV Current and Power are measured and fed to the Fuzzy logic controller as input. The Fuzzy controller is designed with 25 fuzzy rules and the Mamdani fuzzy inference is performed to obtain the aggregation which will be defuzzified by Center of gravity method. Based on the change in PV Current and Power, the Fuzzy logic controller generate the duty cycle for the boost converter (DC-DC converter). The variation of the duty cycle is from 0 to 1. The signal of change in duty ratio from the Fuzzy logic MPPT algorithm is fed to the PWM for switching the IGBT to dynamically update the duty cycle of the boost converter for extracting the maximum power from the solar PV array. A stand-alone Photovoltaic system with a boost converter is simulated in MATLAB Simulink to demonstrate the results and applicability of the proposed method.
Student Support System An One Stop Portal
Authors: Raghavan Siddath , M Saideep , S Shivashankar , Devi M Dr. Durga
Published: May 2021

An interactive Student Information system in the cloud is an one stop portal on the internet where the students can get answers to their queries and look up relevant information. The users can check their personal details, communicate with faculties and avail a ”livechat” to get their queries solved. They are also able to access relevant information regarding different activities and events including and not limited to ”attendance”, ”timetable”, ”subject list”, ”college events”, etc. Cloud technologies reduce the challenges faced by traditional systems such as costs associated with development and maintenance. The student support system is ubiquitous in nature since it is hosted in the cloud and uses the power of cloud computing to make the application secure, scalable, and fast. Along with the power of cloud computing, good User Interface/User Experience(UI/UX) is focused upon to ensure that the end-user has a great hassle-free experience. Load balancers are used to handle huge traffic the website might face. User experience principles are used in order to make the portal easy to use.
O INTÉRPRETE DE LIBRAS E A DIVERSIDADE LÍNGUISTICA DA CULTURA SURDA
Authors: Cardoso Luciene Nascimento , Karim Taisir Mahmudo
Published: May 2021

Considerando a importância que o professor e tradutor/intérprete de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS) como ouvinte tem nos processos de promoção e difusão da cultura surda, o objetivo deste trabalho é refletir sobre como este profissional poderia efetivamente concorrer para fomentar a inclusão de pessoas surdas em escolas regulares. Cumprindo a sua função social ao contribuir adequadamente com o pleno desenvolvimento cognitivo, político, social, emocional etc. do educando surdo. Também analisar os sentidos dos sinais ocorridos durante a comunicação na língua de sinais, respeitando as diversidades linguísticas presentes em cada espaço social. contribuindo para a possibilidade de proliferação da variação linguística sinalizada.
“Jogos de verdade”, educação e o ethos do fascismo contemporâneo
Authors: Silva Mozart Linhares da , Hillesheim Betina
Published: May 2021

O artigo problematiza a crise da verdade na contemporaneidade e suas relações com a constituição de um ethos do fascismo, destacando as implicações na educação. Para tanto, analisa os jogos de verdade que estão implicados nas relações de saber-poder e seus critérios de legitimidade institucionais, considerando que esses critérios, chamados de veridicção, estão sendo deslegitimados pelos efeitos discursivos da pós-verdade, considerada uma estratégia de construção de um ethos do fascismo. O dizer verdadeiro, as condições para o dizer verdadeiro são analisados a partir da perspectiva do filósofo Michel Foucault, o que possibilita tensionar o campo de lutas que circunscreve a ideia de verdade e como, na contemporaneidade, os critérios de veridicção estão sendo suspensos pelas narrativas que deslegitimam as instituições do dizer verdadeiro. O anti-intelectualismo, o ataque à educação e aos educadores, bem como à imprensa, são táticas que o fascismo utiliza para desconstruir a ideia de realidade e suspender os critérios de veridicção.
Discrete Mathematics into K-11 and K-12 Grade Education
Authors:   Department of Information Science and Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Karakala – Taluk, Udupi, Karnataka, India., N Mr. Balaji. , Pai B H Dr. Karthik ,   Department of Information Science and Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Karakala – Taluk, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
Published: May 2021

Discrete mathematics is one of the significant part of K-11 and K-12 grade college classrooms. In this contribution, we discuss the usefulness of basic elementary, some of the intermediate discrete mathematics for K-11 and K-12 grade colleges. Then we formulate the targets and objectives of this education study. We introduced the discrete mathematics topics such as set theory and their representation, relations, functions, mathematical induction and proof techniques, counting and its underlying principle, probability and its theory and mathematical reasoning. Core of this contribution is proof techniques, counting and mathematical reasoning. Since all these three concepts of discrete mathematics is strongly connected and creates greater impact on students. Moreover, it is potentially useful in their life also out of the college study. We explain the importance, applications in computer science and the comments regarding introduction of such topics in discrete mathematics. Last part of this article provides the theoretical knowledge and practical usability will strengthen the made them understand easily.
El descumbrimiento del género Morpho en el norte del Perú
Authors: Blandin Patrick , Lachaume Gilbert , Gallusser Stéphanie , Ramírez César , Lamas Gerardo
Published: May 2021

La presente publicación que la Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSM) se complace en editar, constituye uno de los mejores esfuerzos por acercar el conocimiento especializado sobre un taxón cuya diversidad ha sido objeto de asombro, tanto de neófitos como entomólogos de reconocida trayectoria en el mundo. De entrada , los autores nos hacen una singular revelación: en el norte del Perú se encuentra la región más rica de Morpho “de toda la América tropical, con 15 especies y 25 subespecies presentes en un área formada por tan sólo los departamentos de San Martín y Amazonas”.
Factors affecting computing students’ awareness of the latest ICTs
Authors:   , Adegbehingbe Oluwakemi D.
Published: May 2021

Education is constantly challenged by rapid technological changes both in terms of curriculum renewal and in terms of students’ awareness of these new technologies. This is the reason why the aim of this study is to analyse factors affecting computing students’ awareness of the latest ICTs. This aim is further divided into four research sub-aims: the selection of the relevant theories for this research; the design of an appropriate conceptual model to support it; the empirical testing of the above mentioned model; and finally, recommendations arising from the research results. The first research sub-aim is accomplished through selection of the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) as the theoretical framework of this study after a review of different theories of technology adoption. The second research sub-aim is accomplished through the design of a conceptual model which is an adaptation of the relationship between the prior conditions construct and the knowledge/awareness construct of IDT. The prior conditions that were studied are students’ perceived exposure to career guidance and students’ perceived curriculum currency. These prior conditions were analysed as possible predictors of computing students’ technology awareness. The third sub-aim is accomplished by means of a survey of 116 computing students from the four universities of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa, the results of which validated most of the relationships hypothesized by the above mentioned model. Having knowledge/awareness as the main variable of the current study can be seen as its main contribution in view of the fact that only two studies from the reviewed literature on IDT are examining the awareness/knowledge construct. The fourth sub-aim is accomplished by means of some recommendations, one of which is that gender and ethnicity be considered when curriculating computing courses both at the high school level and at the university level.
Pobreza e desenvolvimento: imaginários coloniais e insurgências teóricas desde o Sul
Authors: Marconatto Marques Pamela , Mezzonato Machado Dayana
Published: May 2021

No presente ensaio, pretendemos situar como coloniais imaginários correntes sobre pobreza, sondando suas implicações nas políticas de desenvolvimento rural. A partir de uma contribuição teórica insurgente, acionada por intelectuais do Sul do mundo, como os haitianos George Anglade e Jean Casimir, o iraniano Majid Rahnema e o beninense Albert Tevoedjrè, temos como propósito desestabilizar o emprego unívoco do termo, adicionando tensão a esse campo de estudos. Nesse esforço, esboçamos a gênese da chamada pobreza global, localizando seus mecanismos de exotização via demonização e docilização dos corpos decifrados como pobres - aproximando-nos, nesse sentido, da caixa de ferramentas arqueológicas colocada à disposição por Michel Foucault. Na sequência, enveredamos por imaginários hegemônicos da pobreza verificados no Brasil, capazes de forjar desde personagens como Jeca Tatu até políticas públicas desenvolvimentistas. Finalizamos o ensaio afirmando, em aliança com os teóricos selecionados, a importância de pensarmos a pobreza como fenômeno multifacetado, complexo e histórico, definido sempre em suas relações. Conclui-se apontando para a necessidade epistemológica de desamalgamar pobreza e miséria ao realizarmos nossas pesquisas, de associar miséria à riqueza extrema e, finalmente, de interpelar a pobreza como portadora de saberes sobre a manutenção da vida e do laço social.
Percepções e representações sociais de famílias pobres e atores institucionais sobre pobreza e ação pública
Authors: Tecchio Andrea , Cazella Ademir Antonio
Published: May 2021

artigo analisa a subjetividade da pobreza e de ações públicas a partir da perspectiva de famílias pobres e atores institucionais, no Oeste de Santa Catarina. Para além da pesquisa documental foram realizadas entrevistas com 40 famílias pobres e 38 atores institucionais. O estudo se apoia nos conceitos da territorialização da ação pública, da pobreza objetiva com ênfase na sua dimensão absoluta e relativa e da pobreza subjetiva, com foco na sociologia da pobreza. Entre os entrevistados, mais da metade se considera pobre e atribui esta situação à falta de bens materiais, enquanto os demais não se consideram pobres, condição associada a status social desqualificado. As ações públicas territorializadas melhoraram as condições de vida das pessoas, mas os investimentos públicos não foram suficientes para promover a superação da condição de pobreza. A pobreza é estigmatizada pela maioria dos atores institucionais, dificultando uma eficaz implementação de ações públicas para seu tratamento.
Heterogeneity and Chemical Reactivity of the Remote Troposphere defined by Aircraft Measurements
Authors: Guo Hao , Flynn Clare M. , Prather Michael J. , Strode Sarah A. , Steenrod Stephen D. , Emmons Louisa , Lacey Forrest , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Fiore Arlene M. , Correa Gus , Murray Lee T. , Wolfe Glenn M. , St. Clair Jason M. , Kim Michelle , Crounse John , Diskin Glenn , DiGangi Joshua , Daube Bruce C. , Commane Roisin , McKain Kathryn , Peischl Jeff , Ryerson Thomas B. , Thompson Chelsea , Hanisco Thomas F. , Blake Donald , Blake Nicola J. , Apel Eric C. , Hornbrook Rebecca S. , Elkins James W. , Hintsa Eric J. , Moore Fred L. , Wofsy Steven
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) mission built a photochemical climatology of air parcels based on in situ measurements with the NASA DC-8 aircraft along objectively planned profiling transects through the middle of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. ATom measured numerous gases and aerosols, particularly the gaseous species driving the chemical budgets of O3 and CH4: i.e., O3, CH4, CO, C2H6, higher alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, NOx, HNO3, HNO4, peroxyacetylnitrate, other organic nitrates, H2O, HCHO, H2O2, and CH3OOH. From the 10 s (2 km) merged observations, a modeling data stream (MDS) based on observations of the core species, consisting of 146,494 distinct air parcels has been constructed from the 4 ATom deployments, providing a continuous data stream for initializing global chemistry models and calculating the 24-hour chemical tendencies. Tendencies derived from 6 chemistry models using the ATom-1 MDS tend to agree and show a highly heterogeneous troposphere where globally 10% of the parcels control as much as 40% of the budget of O3 and CH4. Surprisingly, modeled probability distributions (100-km cells) match ATom statistics (2 km parcels), indicating that the majority of the observed heterogeneity can be resolved with current global chemistry models. On the other hand, the models' own chemical climatologies underestimate O3 production below 4 km in both Pacific and Atlantic basins because they have lower NOX levels than observed.
Impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown on air pollution at regional and urban background sites in northern Italy
Authors: Putaud Jean-Philippe , Pozzoli Luca , Pisoni Enrico , Martins Dos Santos Sebastiao , Lagler Friedrich , Lanzani Guido , Dal Santo Umberto , Colette Augustin
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The COVID-19 lockdown measures gradually implemented in Lombardy (northern
Italy) from 23 February 2020 led to a downturn in several economic sectors
with possible impacts on air quality. Several communications claimed in the
first weeks of March 2020 that the mitigation in air pollution observed at
that time was actually related to these lockdown measures without
considering that seasonal variations in emissions and meteorology also
influence air quality. To determine the specific impact of lockdown measures
on air quality in northern Italy, we compared observations from the European
Commission Atmospheric Observatory of Ispra (regional background) and from
the regional environmental protection agency (ARPA) air monitoring stations
in the Milan conurbation (urban background) with expected values for these
observations using two different approaches. On the one hand, intensive
aerosol variables determined from specific aerosol characterisation
observations performed in Ispra were compared to their 3-year averages. On
the other hand, ground-level measured concentrations of atmospheric
pollutants (NO2, PM10, O3, NO, SO2) were compared to
expected concentrations derived from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring
Service Regional (CAMS) ensemble model forecasts, which did not account for
lockdown measures. From these comparisons, we show that NO2
concentrations decreased as a consequence of the lockdown by −30 % and
−40 % on average at the urban and regional background sites, respectively.
Unlike NO2, PM10 concentrations were not significantly affected by
lockdown measures. This could be due to any decreases in PM10 (and
PM10 precursors) emissions from traffic being compensated for by
increases in emissions from domestic heating and/or from changes in the
secondary aerosol formation regime resulting from the lockdown measures. The
implementation of the lockdown measures also led to an increase in the
highest O3 concentrations at both the urban and regional background
sites resulting from reduced titration of O3 by NO. The relaxation of
the lockdown measures beginning in May resulted in close-to-expected
NO2 concentrations in the urban background and to significant
increases in PM10 in comparison to expected concentrations at both
regional and urban background sites.
The design and development of a tuneable and portable radiation source for in situ spectrometer characterisation
Authors: Šmíd Marek , Porrovecchio Geiland , Tesař Jiří , Burnitt Tim , Egli Luca , Grőbner Julian , Linduška Petr , Staněk Martin
Published: May 2021

Abstract. For spectroradiometers, the characterisation of their
wavelength scale and spectral bandwidth underpins the quality
of measured data substantially. This characterisation can be performed using
metrology-grade tuneable monochromatic sources, which are currently
available only in a few laboratories worldwide. Yet in numerous
applications, only the in-field calibration is a feasible solution. We have
designed and developed a tuneable and portable radiation source (TuPS) in
the wavelength range from 300 to 350 nm for the in-field characterisation
of Dobson spectrometers' wavelength scale and slit function, with standard
uncertainties better than 0.02 nm in wavelength and with the bandwidth of
emitted radiation smaller than 0.13 nm full width at half maximum (FWHM). The TuPS is designed such that only minor modifications of its optical system extend/shift its spectral range towards visible and near-infrared spectral regions and thus expand its
application for characterisation of any spectroradiometers in the relevant
spectral region of interest.
Space–time dependence of compound hot–dry events in the United States: assessment using a multi-site multi-variable weather generator
Authors: Brunner Manuela I. , Gilleland Eric , Wood Andrew W.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Compound hot and dry events can lead to severe impacts whose severity may depend on their timescale and spatial extent. Despite their potential
importance, the climatological characteristics of these joint events have received little attention regardless of growing interest in climate change
impacts on compound events. Here, we ask how event timescale relates to (1) spatial patterns of compound hot–dry events in the United States,
(2) the spatial extent of compound hot–dry events, and (3) the importance of temperature and precipitation as drivers of compound events. To study
such rare spatial and multivariate events, we introduce a multi-site multi-variable weather generator (PRSim.weather), which enables
generation of a large number of spatial multivariate hot–dry events. We show that the stochastic model realistically simulates distributional and
temporal autocorrelation characteristics of temperature and precipitation at single sites, dependencies between the two variables, spatial
correlation patterns, and spatial heat and meteorological drought indicators and their co-occurrence probabilities. The results of our compound
event analysis demonstrate that (1) the northwestern and southeastern United States are most susceptible to compound hot–dry events independent of
timescale, and susceptibility decreases with increasing timescale; (2) the spatial extent and timescale of compound events are strongly related
to sub-seasonal events (1–3 months) showing the largest spatial extents; and (3) the importance of temperature and precipitation as drivers of
compound events varies with timescale, with temperature being most important at short and precipitation at seasonal timescales. We conclude that timescale is an important factor to be considered in compound event assessments and suggest that climate change impact assessments should consider
several timescales instead of a single timescale when looking at future changes in compound event characteristics. The largest future changes may be expected
for short compound events because of their strong relation to temperature.
The role of dew and radiation fog inputs in the local water cycling of a temperate grassland during dry spells in central Europe
Authors: Li Yafei , Aemisegger Franziska , Riedl Andreas , Buchmann Nina , Eugster Werner
Published: May 2021

Abstract. During dry spells, non-rainfall water (hereafter
NRW) mostly formed from dew and fog potentially plays an increasingly
important role in temperate grassland ecosystems with ongoing global
warming. Dew and radiation fog occur in combination during clear and calm
nights, and both use ambient water vapor as a source. Research on the
combined mechanisms involved in NRW inputs to ecosystems is rare, and
distillation of water vapor from the soil as a NRW input pathway for dew
formation has hardly been studied. Furthermore, eddy covariance (EC)
measurements are associated with large uncertainties on clear, calm nights
when dew and radiation fog occur. The aim of this paper is thus to use
stable isotopes as tracers to investigate the different NRW input pathways
into a temperate Swiss grassland at Chamau during dry spells in summer 2018.
Stable isotopes provide additional information on the pathways from water
vapor to liquid water (dew and fog) that cannot be measured otherwise. We
measured the isotopic composition (δ18O, δ2H, and
d=δ2H-8⋅δ18O) of ambient water
vapor, NRW droplets on leaf surfaces, and soil moisture and combined them
with EC and meteorological observations during one dew-only and two combined
dew and radiation fog events. The ambient water vapor d was found to be
strongly linked with local surface relative humidity (r=-0.94),
highlighting the dominant role of local moisture as a source for ambient
water vapor in the synoptic context of the studied dry spells. Detailed
observations of the temporal evolution of the ambient water vapor and
foliage NRW isotopic signals suggest two different NRW input pathways: (1)
the downward pathway through the condensation of ambient water vapor and (2)
the upward pathway through the distillation of water vapor from soil onto
foliage. We employed a simple two-end-member mixing model using δ18O and δ2H to quantify the NRW inputs from these two
different sources. With this approach, we found that distillation
contributed 9 %–42 % to the total foliage NRW, which compares well with
estimates derived from a near-surface vertical temperature gradient method
proposed by Monteith in 1957. The dew and radiation fog potentially produced
0.17–0.54 mm d−1 NRW gain on foliage, thereby constituting a
non-negligible water flux to the canopy, as compared to the
evapotranspiration of 2.7 mm d−1. Our results thus underline the
importance of NRW inputs to temperate grasslands during dry spells and
reveal the complexity of the local water cycle in such conditions, including
different pathways of dew and radiation fog water inputs.
Improved rapid landslide detection from integration of empirical models and satellite radar
Authors: Burrows Katy , Milledge David , Walters Richard J. , Bellugi Dino
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Information on the spatial distribution of triggered landslides following an earthquake is invaluable to emergency responders. Manual mapping using optical satellite imagery, which is currently the most common method of generating this landslide information, is extremely time consuming and can be disrupted by cloud-cover. Empirical models of landslide probability and landslide detection with satellite radar data are two alternative methods of generating information on triggered landslides that overcome these limitations. Here we assess the potential of a combined approach, in which we generate an empirical model of the landslides using data available immediately following the earthquake using the Random Forests technique, and then progressively add landslide indicators derived from Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 satellite radar data to this model in the order they were acquired following the earthquake. We use three large case study earthquakes and test two model types: first, a model that is trained on a small part of the study area and used to predict the remainder of the landslides, and second a preliminary "global" model that is trained on the landslide data from two earthquakes and used to predict the third. We assess model performance using receiver operating characteristic analysis and r2, and find that the addition of the radar data can considerably improve model performance and robustness within two weeks of the earthquake. In particular, we observed a large improvement in model performance when the first ALOS-2 image was added and recommend that these data or similar data from other L-band radar satellites be routinely incorporated in future empirical models.
Giant ice rings in Southern Baikal: multi-satellite data help to study ice cover evolution and eddies under ice
Authors: Kouraev Alexei V. , Zakharova Elena A. , Kostianoy Andrey G. , Shimaraev Mikhail N. , Desinov Lev V. , Petrov Evgeny A. , Hall Nicholas M. J. , Rémy Frédérique , Suknev Andrey Ya.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Ice cover on lakes is subject to atmospheric forcing from above and the influence of water dynamics and heat flux from below. One characteristic example of these influences in some large lakes, such as Lake Baikal in Russia, are the giant ice rings and the associated eddies under the ice cover. In April 2020 a giant ice ring appeared in Southern Baikal and a lens-like eddy was detected below the ice. We analysed the temporal evolution of ice cover using satellite images from multiple satellite missions – MODIS on Terra and Aqua, Sentinel-1 SAR, Sentinel 2 MSI, Landsat-8, PlanetScope, satellite photography from International Space Station, and radar altimetry data from Jason-3. Satellite imagery and meteorological data show an unusual temporal evolution of ice colour in April 2020, which was explained by water infiltration into the ice followed by the competing influences of cold air from above and the warm eddy below the ice. Tracking of ice floe displacement also makes it possible to estimate eddy currents and their influence on the upper water layer. Multi-satellite data contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of ice cover in the presence of eddies, role of eddies in horizontal and vertical heat and mass exchange and their impact on the chemistry and biology of the lakes and on human activity.
Me-FAS, You-FAS, We All Eat PFAS: What To Do About the Forever Chemical
Authors: Johnson Noel M.
Published: May 2021

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl, more commonly known as PFAS, has been found in the blood of 95% of the population. PFAS is a family of over 3,000 human-made chemicals. One chemical in the PFAS family, PFOA, is most well-known for its use in Teflon products and has been the subject of multiple litigations. While PFOA has been phased out of production in the United States due to its known negative human health effects, other PFAS that are just as harmful are now used in place of PFOA. The molecular structure of PFAS contains strong bonds that are difficult to break down through natural processes. This characteristic makes PFAS both extremely helpful to industrial processes and harmful to human health and the environment. Because of its resiliency, PFAS remain in the environment long after initial release. Its stability and endurance have led scientists to dub PFAS as “the forever chemical.” This Note explores the history of PFAS production in the United States and concludes with potential regulatory action that can be taken to limit human exposure to PFAS.
THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN RUSSIAN-OTTOMAN RELATIONS IN THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Novikov Georgy Yaroslavich , Bayramukov Rasul Soslanbekovich
Published: May 2021

This article deals with the problems of relations between the Russian and Ottoman Empires in the North Caucasus. It talks about the peculiarities and specifics of the policy of Russia and Turkey in the North Caucasus.
MARKETING ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITIONS OF CARE COSMETICS FOR THE CONTENT OF SURFACTANTS, THE FEASIBILITY AND RELEVANCE OF REPLACING MORE AGGRESSIVE REPRESENTATIVES OF THESE SUBSTANCES WITH SPARING ORGANIC ANALOGUES
Authors: Khrapova Margarita Maksimovna
Published: May 2021

This article presents an analysis of the scientific literature on the topic «surfactants», studies the properties, applications in cosmetic chemistry, as well as the impact of these substances on the environment and living organisms. The market of modern personal care products is analyzed.
温州家族企业国际化现状、动因及策略分析以正泰集团为例
Authors: 杨 迪川 , 章 掀嶂
Published: May 2021

在温州的经济结构中，民营经济占据主导地位，大部分的民营企业采用的是家族企业的制度形式，研究家族企业的发展对民营经济的发展起到重要的认识作用。关于家族企业国际化，以往的研究主要是从长期导向、家族股权和家族涉入等企业内部因素对国际化的影响，但是仅仅重视企业资源和能力等内生因素，对企业国际化的影响是不够的，企业的外部环境也会促使企业进行国际化扩张，因此还要从政府制度等外生因素，对家族企业国际化展开进一步研究。本文通过在宏观上对温州家族企业，以及温州的政策和制度进行分析，找出驱动温州家族企业国际化的内外因素所在，并进一步通过对正泰企业发展历程的微观分析，借鉴正泰集团从家族式企业向国际型企业转型的案例，来探究温州家族企业应该如何把握机会，控制企业的国际化进程，使企业得到可持续性发展。最后，从政府、企业以及企业和企业之间，三个角度提出温州家族企业国际化的策略建议。
要素投入与结构变化对福建省经济增长质量的影响
Authors: 杨 国梁 , 张 颖 , 严 佳怡
Published: May 2021

当前福建正在推动产业结构的调整，从对经济增长的数量扩张转为对经济增长的质量追求。本文采用索洛增长方程式和CD生产函数，估算福建省的全要素生产率（TFP），并分四个阶段分别测算资本投入、劳动投入以及全要素生产率对经济增长的贡献。研究结果显示19801989年劳动力投入对经济增长的贡献率较大，此时经济增长主要依赖劳动力；19901999年资本投入的贡献率相对于劳动力投入增大；20002009年与20102017年两者的贡献率都不高，其投入已不足以推动经济增长，以增加劳动力和资本数量来推动经济增长的发展方式亟待转变。本文进一步分析TFP对经济增长的影响，并在CD生产函数的基础上细分全要素生产率，通过引入第一产业产值占国民生产总值的比例与产业非国有化率两个变量，证实福建省经济结构的变化和产权制度变迁对福建省经济增长质量产生重要的影响。
笔力健劲书狂草 立足传统构文心
Authors: 陈 吉山
Published: May 2021

中国书法是一门古老的艺术，从甲骨文、金文演变出小篆、隶书，至定型于东汉、魏晋的草书、楷书、行书诸体，皆以不同的风貌反映出时代精神。浏览历代书法的审美取向后发现：时至当代，书法艺术之花已呈现多元化趋势，书法作为一门独特的空间学科艺术，其观念的变革逐步向纯艺术的高层次发展，这无疑是与当代强劲的生产力同驱而行的。生产力的现代化呼唤着书法的现代化出现，当代书法艺术家也纷纷提出“现代书法”的概念，并进行研究创作与实践创新。
Proyección de Estados Financieros sin Cuentas de Cuadre (Plugs)
Authors: Vélez–Pareja Ignacio
Published: May 2021

Los libros de textos típicos en finanzas corporativas y sobre proyecciones ypresupuesto recomiendan el “cuadre” de los estados financieros con lo que se conocecomo cuentas de cuadre (en inglés, plug). Una cuenta de cuadre es una fórmula paracuadrar el balance usando diferencias de una manera tal que la ecuación contable semantenga. Esto es sencillo de hacer, sin embargo, implicaría el riesgo de que ciertascuentas dieran cálculos erróneos, a pesar de que el “cuadre” indicara que todo estácorrecto porque el balance cuadra.En este trabajo, explicamos cómo funciona una cuenta de cuadre (plug) y cuáles sonsus desventajas. Presentamos un ejemplo útil para construir estados financierosconsistentes, en que se muestra cómo relacionar diversas celdas en la hoja de cálculo.A partir de ello demostramos que podemos construir estados financieros sin usarcuentas de cuadre
Tecnología e Innovación en las PyMEs Industriales con Expectativa Exportadora
Authors: Bellini Edda , Toscana Lidia , Villarreal Fernanda , Klappenbach Germán
Published: May 2021

Los procesos de internacionalización de los negocios, plantean una permanentereestructuración industrial y una reorganización en estructuras productivas flexibles,descentralizadas y eficientes. El papel de las PyMEs debe vincularse a la posibilidadde que el sector juegue un rol importante en la exportación. La capacidad innovativa yla incorporación de tecnología constituyen instrumentos competitivos claves para quelas PyMEs puedan desarrollar y mejorar productos y procesos, realizar cambiosorganizacionales y nuevas formas de vinculación con el mercado e implementarsistemas de gestión de la calidad. En este trabajo se analiza la capacidad innovativa delas PyMEs industriales vinculadas al comercio exterior en Bahía Blanca, utilizándosedatos de un relevamiento efectuado a 28 establecimientos industriales e informaciónobtenida mediante entrevistas realizadas a diferentes entidades vinculadas con elsector. El principal resultado que se evidencia es que la capacidad innovativa no esigual en las empresas exportadoras y no exportadoras.
Processo de Tomada de Decisão Instantânea e o Papel da Intuição
Authors: Freitas Henrique , Kuhn Andriotti Fernando , Dai Prá Martens Cristina , Behr Ariel , Janissek-Muniz Raquel
Published: May 2021

O estudo da tomada de decisão é composto por vários elementos dediferentes áreas do conhecimento, os quais apontam para a impossibilidadede compreender o processo decisório apenas como algo estruturado. Nummomento de pressão, com pouco tempo disponível, falta de informação, oindivíduo é levado a confiar em outras ferramentas, entre elas a intuição. Oobjetivo deste artigo é fornecer subsídios para a compreensão da intuição natomada de decisão instantânea. Utilizando-se de abordagem exploratória e qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dirigentes de oito empresas de software do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os resultados demonstram que a intuição tem papel de destaque na tomada de decisão instantânea, servindo como um sinalizador. Ela é um recurso importante para a decisão, mas ainda não é reconhecida como tal frente aos demais envolvidos na decisão. É uma habilidade fortemente ligada às experiências e se manifesta por sensações perceptíveis fisicamente.
Auditoría Financiera en Entornos de Computación en la Nube: Revisión del Estado del Arte
Authors: Lopez María de los Ángeles , Albanese Diana , Durán Regina
Published: May 2021

El uso de la Computación en la Nube (CN) en las organizaciones representa un nuevo desafío para los auditores financieros, dado que posee particularidades que deben ser revisadas por su impacto en el encargo de auditoría. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en realizar una revisión de la literatura y normativa vigente en la República Argentina respecto de los efectos de la CN sobre la auditoría financiera y plantear retos de investigación que resulta importante afrontar. Al respecto se abordan aspectos de la auditoría considerados relevantes en este entorno: el  conocimiento del cliente; la identificación y evaluación de riesgos; la evaluación del sistema de control interno; las características específicas de las evidencias; las habilidades y competencias requeridas al auditor y el uso de especialistas. La investigación de estas temáticas permitirá fortalecer los conocimientos en esta área y contribuir en la elaboración de normas y recomendaciones que sirvan de guía para los profesionales en el ejercicio de su labor.
Activos Intangibles. Revisión del Marco Normativo Contable Nacional e Internacional
Authors: Lopez María de los Ángeles , Santanatoglia Juan Manuel , Pedroni Florencia Verónica , Albanese Diana , Milanesi Gastón
Published: May 2021

Debido a las transformaciones que introdujeron los avances científicos ytecnológicos en las empresas, los activos intangibles (AI) presentan una importante participación en el valor de la firma. Desde la perspectivacontable, existen diferentes enfoques sobre su reconocimiento, medición yexposición. Como consecuencia de la idea expuesta, el trabajo propone unestudio comparativo y didáctico de las normas contables argentinas e internacionales relacionadas con los AI y se estructura de la siguientemanera: en la primera parte se conceptualiza e introduce la importancia de los AI. La segunda, tercera y cuarta parte estudian, en forma comparativa, eltratamiento brindado por las normas nacionales e internacionales. Finalmente se exponen las principales conclusiones.
¿Buenas prácticas de gobierno corporativo? El caso de Petrolera Pampa SA
Authors: Arias María Isabel , Sarro Lucía , Perata Antonela
Published: May 2021

A efectos de fomentar el desarrollo y la transparencia de las instituciones de Latinoamérica se requiere de mecanismos de buenas prácticas de Gobierno Corporativo. En la Argentina, el Código de Gobierno Societario de la Comisión Nacional de Valores establece los lineamientos y los contenidos mínimos que toda organización que cotiza en bolsa debe contemplar al respecto. En la presente investigación, se realiza un análisis sobre el cumplimiento de esta normativa estudiando el caso de Petrolera Pampa SA, desde un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo y transversal único. El índice desarrollado por Briano Turrent (2012) permitió identificar el grado de implementación de las prácticas de Gobierno Corporativo. Los resultados muestran que la empresa se limita al cumplimiento de las normativas legales vigentes, sin abordar aspectos más amplios de Gobierno Corporativo, que resultan necesarios dadas sus dimensiones y el impacto que genera en sus accionistas y demás grupos de interés que interactúan con la organización.
Estudio sobre prácticas de evaluación de docentes universitarios del área contable
Authors: Larramendy Elsa , Tellechea Pamela Soledad , Fonseca Diana , Tavella Laura , Büechele Gisela , Fernandez Lorenzo Liliana
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo analiza las prácticas de evaluación vigentes en materias del área contable de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se trata de un estudio de caso. El objetivo de esta investigación es captar las prácticas vigentes a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los profesores titulares y jefe de auxiliares docentes, y de encuestas a los profesores adjuntos y auxiliares docentes de las once cátedras de Contabilidad. La información relevada fue analizada con metodologías cualitativa y cuantitativa con base en la interrelación de las respuestas de ambos instrumentos. Se observa que las prácticas evaluativas vigentes son congruentes con las principales concepciones sustentadas por los docentes. La mayoría de ellos se orienta hacia una evaluación sumativa y centra su atención en la evaluación de los aprendizajes, evaluando primordialmente conocimientos, conceptos y capacidad de resolución de problemas similares a los desarrollados en clase, con escaso nivel de abstracción.
La investigación en Contabilidad
Authors: Yardin Amaro
Published: May 2021

Se presenta una reflexión acerca del área de conocimiento a la que pertenece la Contabilidad, afirmando que debe ser considerada de una jerarquía superior a la de una simple herramienta administrativa, ya que trata de conocer y explicar la realidad económica a través de modelos. Se analiza su evolución y su diferencia con la contabilidad gerencial. Se concluye que la Contabilidad es una disciplina que requiere la presencia de un agudo sentido crítico y una profunda capacidad reflexiva y que, por otra parte, ofrece un vasto campo a la investigación que apunte a la creación de nuevos modelos, cada vez más representativos de la verdadera naturaleza de los fenómenos económicos.
O processo de benchmarking
Authors: Ressel Agatha , De Oliveira Alan Santos
Published: May 2021

A pesquisa objetivou verificar quais são os processos de Benchmarking utilizados nas empresas de construção civil do município de João Pessoa - PB. Utilizou-se de pesquisa de levantamento por meio de Survey, de caráter quantitativo, com procedimentos descritivo-exploratórios. Foi aplicado um questionário virtual pelo Google Docs em afiliadas ao Sindicato da Construção Civil na Paraíba, elaborado com base no modelo de Camp (1998) abordando os passos do processo de benchmarking, estruturado em seis partes. Como tratamento das variáveis empregou-se estatística descritiva identificando e analisando as frequências para tabulação em planilhas do Microsoft Excel. Os resultados provaram que grande parte utiliza os métodos elencados como processos de Benchmarking. Mostrando preocupação em questões como qualidade, satisfação dos clientes, estabelecendo metas, corrigindo erros encontrados nos processos, criando estratégias competitivas. Entretanto pontos importantes ainda são pouco ou não utilizados, demonstrando certa dificuldade em aceitar e controlar muitas medidas resultantes em boas práticas de gestão.