bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Least energy solutions for affine p-Laplace equations involving subcritical and critical nonlinearities
Authors: Leite Edir Júnior Ferreira , Montenegro Marcos
Published: January 2024

The paper is concerned with Lane–Emden and Brezis–Nirenberg problems involving the affine p-Laplace nonlocal operator

Δ
p
𝒜

{\Delta_{p}^{\cal A}}

, which has been introduced in [J. Haddad, C. H. Jiménez and M. Montenegro,
From affine Poincaré inequalities to affine spectral inequalities,
Adv. Math. 386 2021, Article ID 107808] driven by the affine

L
p

{L^{p}}

energy

ℰ

p
,
Ω

{{\cal E}_{p,\Omega}}

from convex geometry due to [E. Lutwak, D. Yang and G. Zhang,
Sharp affine

L
p

L_{p}

Sobolev inequalities,
J. Differential Geom. 62 2002, 1, 17–38]. We are particularly interested in the existence and nonexistence of positive

C
1

{C^{1}}

solutions of least energy type. Part of the main difficulties are caused by the absence of convexity of

ℰ

p
,
Ω

{{\cal E}_{p,\Omega}}

and by the comparison

ℰ

p
,
Ω

⁢

(
u
)

≤

∥
u
∥

W
0

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

{{\cal E}_{p,\Omega}(u)\leq\|u\|_{W^{1,p}_{0}(\Omega)}}

generally strict.
The Megaric Possibility Paradox
Authors: Steinkrüger Philipp , Duncombe Matthew
Published: January 2024

In Metaphysics Theta 3 Aristotle attributes to the Megarics and unknown others a notorious modal thesis: (M) something can φ only if it is φ-ing. Aristotle does not tell us what motivated (M). Almost all scholars take Aristotle’s report to indicate that the Megarics defended (M) as a highly counterintuitive doctrine in modal metaphysics. But this reading faces several problems. First: what would motivate the Megarics to hold such a counterintuitive view? The existing literature tries, in various ways, to motivate (M) in a way neither trivial nor absurd. But, as we will argue, the main approaches end up attributing an unsustainable position to the Megarics. Second: most historical evidence for the Megaric lineage presents the group’s philosophical practice as dialectical or negative. So why think that the claim reported in Theta 3 presents a positive, and highly controversial, metaphysical claim? This paper addresses these problems by proposing a dialectical (or negative) reading of the Megarics in Theta 3. By ‘dialectical’ we here mean a mode of philosophizing that neither seeks to establish the truth or falsity of certain theses, nor takes a skeptical stance. There are different reasons why a philosopher might want to take up such a mode; in the case of the Megarics we argue that they might have wanted to put pressure on Aristotle’s idea of possibility and the ‘test’ for possibility that Aristotle mentions in several works. Reading, as we do, (M) as (part of) a paradox about possibility and actuality, we argue that the Megarics’ dialectical approach here aims to highlight a shortcoming of an intuitive conception of possibility, which underpins Aristotle’s idea of possibility and which features in his test for possibility.
On computation of Floquet-transformations and their applicability to controller synthesis for electrical machines
Authors: Gering Stefan , Manderla Maximilian
Published: January 2024

We consider the control of electric machines in the Floquet-frame. Its theoretical basis is known from literature, and was also applied in theory to the use case of rotating machines. In this article, we discuss practical aspects like computation of such transformation, we evaluate the potential of control thereby in simulation, and show the practical limitations of this concept by means of test bench results.
Prevalence history of morphological variants of Cerataulina resting spores in Indian Sundarbans and resultant phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Sen Sarkar Neera , Biswas Biswajit , Mandal Manjushree , Das Tapas , Sekh Sanoyaz
Published: January 2024

Fifteen morphological variants of resting spores of the diatom Cerataulina are presented with morphometric characters and presence in different habitats over spatial and temporal regimes in the Indian Sundarbans. Spatial regime includes phytoplankton assemblages, river-bank surface sediments and different depths of short sediment cores of adjacent deltaic landmasses. The temporal regime spans a period of 2000 years BP to present times. Though Cerataulina is sporadically mentioned in a few publications as a planktonic form in the Sundarbans, this is the first report of its different resting spores from different habitats. The 14C dating and calculated age within sediment cores suggest their existence in the system for 1996 years BP. Interestingly, even with the significant prevalence of resting spores throughout the spatial and temporal ranges, the live vegetative stage could only occasionally be documented in the phytoplankton assemblages over a period of 9 years from February 2013 to March 2023. The morphological variations of Cerataulina resting spores were subjected to cluster analysis using Dice’s Similarity Coefficient, based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean to indicate phylogenetic relationships. The results highlight two main clusters of resting spore morphotypes, namely Cerataulina bicornis (syn = Cerataulina daemon) and Syringidium simplex.
Grazing of free-living Pylaiella littoralis by the amphipod Gammarus tigrinus
Authors: Miller Steven L. , Wilce Robert T.
Published: January 2024

Pylaiella littoralis is a brown alga with a cosmopolitan distribution. A free-living form of the alga fouls the beaches of Nahant, Massachusetts (USA). The amphipod Gammarus tigrinus is found within the floating drifts of algae. Gut contents confirmed that G. tigrinus consumed P. littoralis. Significantly, culture studies revealed that ingested P. littoralis survives and grows from fecal pellets produced by G. tigrinus. Also, inefficient grazing produced vegetative fragments that grew and survived. δ
13C values for the amphipods and P. littoralis averaged −17.4 ‰ and −17.7 ‰, respectively, suggesting that G. tigrinus acquires most of its carbon from P. littoralis.
In vitro protective and anti-inflammatory effects of Capparis spinosa and its flavonoids profile
Authors: Alqahtani Ali S. , Nasr Fahd A. , Ahmed Mohammad Z. , Bin Mansour Muath Y. , Biksmawi Abdullah A. , Noman Omar M. , Herqash Rashed N. , Al-zharani Mohammed , Qurtam Ashraf Ahmed , Rudayni Hassan A.
Published: January 2024

Multiple beneficial effects have been reported to numerous species of Capparis genus. Among these, Capparis spinosa has exhibited several biological benefits, including anti-inflammatory hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. Herein, C. spinosa was extracted with different solvents and the ability of these fractions to suppress nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells were assessed via Griess reagent. The effects of C. spinosa fractions on different inflammatory markers were also determined in THP-1 and Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ultra-violet was employed to estimate the presence of three flavonoid compounds, namely, apigenin, kaempferol, and rutin. Our results indicate that chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions of C. spinosa exhibited a promising anti-inflammatory activity via in vitro inhibition of NO in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Pretreated stimulated THP-1 cells with either CHCl3 or EtOAc fractions showed decreased expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor Alpha in a dose-dependent manner. In HUVEC cells, both fractions downregulate the expression of IL-1β, upregulate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha PPAR-α while no significant impact was observed on PPAR-ϒ gene expression. The presence of apigenin, kaempferol, and rutin in the crude extract has been confirmed through HPLC method. Collectively, these results support the ethnopharmacological usage of C. spinosa as a potential therapy for inflammation related conditions including atherosclerosis.
Microstructural characteristics of different heat-affected zones in welded joints of UNS S32304 duplex stainless steel using the GMAW process: analysis of the pitting corrosion resistance
Authors: Morales Eduardo V. , Cruz-Crespo Amado , Pozo-Morejón Juan A. , Oria Jorge V. M. , Araujo Leonardo S. , Bott Ivani S.
Published: January 2024

The influence of specific microstructural characteristics on the properties of single-pass welding joints was assessed by optical processed images, transmission electron microscopy, microhardness measurements and corrosion tests conducted in various regions of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in a lean duplex stainless steel. The welded joints were obtained with heat inputs of 1.5 and 2.5 kJ/mm using a gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process with a shielding gas enriched in Ar. Three selected regions in the HAZ showed different ferrite grain sizes and austenite fractions. The place in the welded joint where the HAZ was narrowest, and therefore experiences the highest cooling rate, is most prone to the formation of cubic CrN metastable nitrides. Conversely, the place where the HAZ was wider promotes the precipitation of stable Cr2N nitrides with more coalesced intragranular austenite (IGA) particles, where presumably random interfaces predominate. The HAZ region where the cooling rate was the highest presented more pitting corrosion resistance.
An explicit version of Bombieri’s log-free density estimate and Sárközy’s theorem for shifted primes
Authors: Thorner Jesse , Zaman Asif
Published: January 2024

We make explicit Bombieri’s refinement of Gallagher’s log-free “large sieve density estimate near

σ
=
1

{\sigma=1}

” for Dirichlet L-functions. We use this estimate and recent work of Green to prove that if

N
≥
2

{N\geq 2}

is an integer,

A
⊆

{
1
,
…
,
N
}

{A\subseteq\{1,\ldots,N\}}

, and for all primes p no two elements in A differ by

p
-
1

{p-1}

, then

|
A
|

≪

N

1
-

10

-
18

{|A|\ll N^{1-10^{-18}}}

. This strengthens a theorem of Sárközy.
Dynamic load prediction of charging piles for energy storage electric vehicles based on Space-time constraints in the internet of things environment
Authors: Zhou Yusong
Published: January 2024

This paper puts forward the dynamic load prediction of charging piles of energy storage electric vehicles based on time and space constraints in the Internet of Things environment, which can improve the load prediction effect of charging piles of electric vehicles and solve the problems of difficult power grid control and low power quality caused by the randomness of charging loads in time and space. After constructing a traffic road network model based on the Internet of Things, a travel chain model with different complexity and an electric vehicle charging model, the travel chain is randomly extracted. With the shortest travel time as a constraint, combined with the traffic road network model based on the Internet of Things, the travel route and travel time are determined. According to the State of Charge (SOC) and the travel destination, the location and charging time of the energy storage electric vehicle charging pile are determined. After obtaining the time-space distribution information of the energy storage electric vehicle charging pile at different times and in different regions, it is used as the input of the deep multi-step time-space dynamic neural network, and the network output is the dynamic electric vehicle charging pile. The experimental results show that this method can realize the dynamic load prediction of electric vehicle charging piles. When the number of stacking units is 11, the indexes of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are the lowest and the index of R
2 is the largest. The load of charging piles in residential areas and work areas exists in the morning and evening peak hours, while the load fluctuation of charging piles in other areas presents a decentralized change law; The higher the complexity of regional traffic network, the greater the load of electric vehicle charging piles in the morning rush hour.
Validity and reliability of parent assessments of pubertal maturation among adolescent girls in Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Mozafarian Nafiseh , Hashemipour Mahin , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Madineh Seyed Ali , Farahi Raheleh , Kelishadi Roya
Published: January 2024

Objectives

The current paper presents the steps considered for validation of a questionnaire for assessment of sexual maturity among Iranian adolescent girls.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed in 2022 in Isfahan, Iran. Based on the Growth and Development Questionnaire that included both the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) and Sexual Maturation Scale (SMS), two Persian questionnaires were prepared. The face validity, content validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed. We compared agreement of two parent-reported measures of puberty, SMS and PDS, with clinical Tanner stages (TSs) as the gold standard. Percent agreement, Cohen’s kappa coefficient, and Kendall’s τ b were used to assess the agreement between maternal assessments with clinical TS. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Cronbach’s α coefficient were also calculated to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire.

Results

A total of 150 students aged 6–17 years with mean (SD) age of 10 (2.04) completed this study. The percentages of agreement for the mother-reported SMS in relation to clinical TS for breast stage and pubic hair stage were 60 % and 53.8 %, respectively. The percentages of agreement of the mother-reported PDS in relation to clinical TS for breast stage and pubic hair stage were 55.8 and 66 %, respectively. The weighted kappa coefficients showed moderate agreement, with weighted kappa ranging from 0.52 to 0.61. The mother-reported SMS and PDS showed high reliability. The Cronbach’s alpha of the PDS and the SMS was 0.88 and 0.83, respectively. The ICC of the mother-reported SMS and the mother-reported PDS was 0.95 (0.92–0.98) and 0.97 (0.94–0.98), respectively.

Conclusions

This study indicated that a maternal assessment of sexual maturity using the PDS or SMS can reliably estimate pubertal development in adolescent girls in an Iranian population.
Partitions for stratified sampling
Authors: Clément François , Kirk Nathan , Pausinger Florian
Published: January 2024

Classical jittered sampling partitions

[
0
,
1
]

d

{[0,1]^{d}}

into

m
d

{m^{d}}

cubes for a positive integer m and randomly places a point inside each of them, providing a point set of size

N
=

m
d

{N=m^{d}}

with small discrepancy.
The aim of this note is to provide a construction of partitions that works for arbitrary N and improves straight-forward constructions. We show how to construct equivolume partitions of the d-dimensional unit cube with hyperplanes that are orthogonal to the main diagonal of the cube.
We investigate the discrepancy of such point sets and optimise the expected discrepancy numerically by relaxing the equivolume constraint using different black-box optimisation techniques.
METTL3 attenuates ferroptosis sensitivity in lung cancer via modulating TFRC
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Su , Chen Yuanyuan , Yang Qingbo , Zhou Jian , Zang Wangfu
Published: January 2024

Abstracts

Overexpression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is significantly correlated with the malignancy of lung cancer (LC). In the present study, we demonstrated that METTL3 had higher levels in LC tissues relative to normal tissues. METTL3 showed superior sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis and identification of LC functions. In addition, silencing METTL3 resulted in enhanced ferroptosis sensitivity, whereas overexpression of METTL3 exhibited the opposite effect. Inhibition of METTL3 impeded LC growth in cell-derived xenografts. Further exploratory studies found that METTL3 stimulated the low expression of transferrin receptor (TFRC), which was critical for ferroptosis sensitization in LC cells induced by silenced METTL3, as silencing of TFRC caused a decrease in negative regulators of ferroptosis (FTH1 and FTL) in METTL3 knockdown A549 and PC9 cells. Finally, we confirmed that METTL3 attenuation effectively maintained the stability of TFRC mRNA. In conclusion, we reported a novel mechanism of METTL3 desensitization to ferroptosis via regulating TFRC, and an appropriate reduction of METTL3 might sensitize cancer cells to ferroptosis-based therapy.
Lithography-free directional control of thermal emission
Authors: Sarkar Mitradeep , Giteau Maxime , Enders Michael T. , Papadakis Georgia T.
Published: January 2024

Blackbody radiation is incoherent and omnidirectional, whereas various novel applications in renewable energy require a degree of directional control of a thermally emitted beam. So far, such directional control has required nano-structuring the surface of a thermally emitting material, typically by forming diffraction gratings. This, however, necessitates lithography and usually results in polarization-dependent properties. Here, we derive analytical conditions for highly directional thermal emission using a planar 3-layer structure analogous to a Salisbury screen. We present design rules for maximizing the directionality of such structures. Notably, these design rules pertain to both linear polarizations, thus generalizing the principles of a grating for unpolarized light. We show that the key requirement to achieve such performance is ultra-high quality factor resonances in materials supporting phonon polaritonic modes, as those found in low-dimensional materials. We propose a realistic device based on hexagonal Boron Nitride and predict performances comparable to lithography-based nano-structures.
Integrated PIN modulator and photodetector operating in the mid-infrared range from 5.5 μm to 10 μm
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hao Nhi , Turpaud Victor , Koompai Natnicha , Peltier Jonathan , Calcaterra Stefano , Isella Giovanni , Coudevylle Jean-René , Alonso-Ramos Carlos , Vivien Laurent , Frigerio Jacopo , Marris-Morini Delphine
Published: January 2024

This study reports the experimental demonstration of the first waveguide-integrated SiGe modulator using a PIN diode operating in a wide spectral range of the mid-infrared region. At the wavelength of 10 µm, an extinction ratio up to 10 dB is obtained in injection regime and 3.2 dB in depletion regime. High speed operation is obtained, up to 1.5 GHz. Furthermore, the device can also operate as an integrated photodetector. Photodetection has thus been characterized from 5.2 µm to 10 µm wavelengths showing an internal responsivity around 1 mA/W, and a 3 dB electro-optical bandwidth of 32 MHz. These results show a significant advancement in integrated photodetectors and electro-optical modulators for mid-infrared spectroscopy.
Collimated flat-top beam shaper metasurface doublet based on the complex-amplitude constraint Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm
Authors: Xue Dongbai , Dun Xiong , Wei Zeyong , Li DongDong , Zhu Jingyuan , Zhang Zhanyi , Wang Zhanshan , Cheng Xinbin
Published: January 2024

Collimated flat-top beam shapers primarily consisting of freeform lenses have a wide range of applications and pose challenges in terms of processing and integration when the diameter is less than millimeters. Metasurfaces represent a promising solution to planarize optics, can mimic any surface curvature without additional fabrication difficulty, and are suitable for flat-top optics. The conventional metasurface design approach relies on imparting the required phase using meta-atoms and encounters challenges in amplitude modulation due to near-field coupling and varying transmittances among meta-atoms with different phases, making the design of flat-top beam shapers difficult. In this paper, we propose a complex-amplitude constraint Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm for designing a collimated flat-top beam shaper metasurface doublet, which avoids the influence of strong near-field coupling on the amplitude distribution and simultaneously considers the amplitude-phase characteristics of the meta-atoms. A collimated flat-top beam with exceptional homogeneity U

p
of approximately 0.01, a wavefront error less than 0.1λ, and a transmittance higher than 86 % is experimentally obtained, comparable to commercial products based on freeform lenses. A collimated flat-top beam shaper metasurface doublet for generating flat-top beam is introduced, promoting efficient integration with laser systems.
Residual mechanical properties of concrete incorporated with nano supplementary cementitious materials exposed to elevated temperature
Authors: Tiwary Aditya Kumar , Singh Harpreet , Eldin Sayed M. , Ilyas R. A.
Published: January 2024

The construction industry commonly employs concrete as a construction material, which sometimes may be subjected to fire exposure. It is important to adopt fire safety measures while planning and constructing such structures to ensure the safety of the occupants and the structural integrity of the concrete. So, determining its performance at elevated temperatures is of utmost importance. The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of mineral incorporations, namely, nano bentonite clay (NBC) and nano fly ash (NFA), on the retained properties of concrete at normal (27°C) and at elevated temperatures. The feasibility of partly substituting ordinary Portland cement utilizing a mixture of NBC (0–5%) and NFA (0–50%) in concrete was assessed under the exposure to an elevated temperature ranging from 200 to 600°C. Several parameters were examined, including compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile capacity, water penetration, loss of mass, ultrasound pulse velocity, and microstructure properties. After the experimental analysis, it was observed that the fire endurance was shown to be improved with the inclusion of nanoparticles (BC and FA). A reduction in the loss of mass by samples subjected to elevated heat was observed with the addition of nano bentonite and NFA. The mechanical strength results were obtained as maximum for the concrete specimens with 2% NBC and 20% NFA and further, the specimens performed better when exposed to elevated temperature as compared with normal concrete specimens. The microstructure of the concrete also upgraded with better impermeability owing to the use of NBC and NFA.
Numerical investigation of the strength of Al/GFRP adhesive bonding under tensile loading
Authors: Samadi Mohammad Reza , Alaei Mohammad Hossein , Eskandari Jam Jafar
Published: January 2024

In this study, adhesive bonding of aluminum (Al) to glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) was investigated using finite element analysis to optimize bond strength. Mechanical surface preparation has a great influence on the chemical properties (increasing surface energy and creating a stronger bond) and mechanical properties (creating mechanical interlocking and increasing friction) of adhesive bonding. Hence, the response surface method was employed to examine the influence of groove number (1, 3, 5), groove angle (0, 45, 90°), groove shape (V-shape, square, concave), and joint type (metal–metal, metal–composite, composite–composite) on the tensile strength of the bond. To simulate the bond behavior of Al/GFRP under different parameter conditions, the cohesive zone model was used to consider the crack growth. Optimization results obtained by the desirability function method showed that the maximum bond strength was achieved with a groove number of 1, groove shape of square, groove angle of 0°, and metal–metal joint type. The optimization results predicted by the desirability function and finite element analysis were in good agreement with those obtained by experimental tests.
Research on key casting process of high-grade CNC machine tool bed nodular cast iron
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Shilei , Huang Jianhua , Hu Teng , Li Xiaohu , Li Chentao , Xian Guang , Zhou Changchun , Fan Hongyuan
Published: January 2024

The bed structure of high-grade large-scale CNC machine tools is crucial for maintaining their long-term service accuracy. This study focused on the key casting process of large nodular cast iron beds. AnyCasting software was employed to simulate and analyze the casting scheme, and then the mold filling and solidification processes were proposed based on the simulation results. The proposed casting scheme indicates that the designed gating system exhibited excellent filling capability. The dual sprue ceramic pipe bottom pouring technique, in conjunction with the chills, not only improved casting efficiency but also met the requirements of sequential solidification design. The castings possessed a dense microstructure characterized by uniform and stable phase composition, primarily comprising lamellar pearlite, with ≤0.5% of phosphorus eutectic and cementite. Furthermore, the microstructure of these materials displayed favorable graphite morphology with a spheroidization rate exceeding 85% and spheroidization grade of 2–3. This study has important academic and application value for the casting process of producing low-stress, high-grade CNC machine tool bed cast iron materials.
On a reaction diffusion problem with a moving impulse on boundary
Authors: Coulibaly Alioune
Published: January 2024

We study an asymptotic problem of a semilinear partial differential equation (PDE) with Neumann boundary condition, periodic coefficients and highly oscillating drift and nonlinear terms. Our analysis focuses on the double limiting behavior of the PDE-solution perturbed by ε (viscosity parameter) and δ (scaling coefficient) both tending to zero. To do so, we state basic properties of the large deviations principle (LDP) and we express the logarithmic asymptotic of the PDE-solution. Particularly, we provide it for the case when ε converges more quickly than δ.
Salmino, Zerafino, João, Justino e Joté fugiram!
Authors: Silva Ferreira Layla
Published: January 2024

Nenhuma outra cidade nas Américas se aproximou do quantitativo da população escravizada do Rio de Janeiro durante a primeira metade do século XIX. Escravizados das mais diversas regiões de África dividiam cenário com livres, libertos e outros cativos nascidos no Brasil. Experiências e expectativas eram postas à prova nas ruas Corte, com diferentes tentativas de subversão da ordem escravista, sendo uma delas objeto da presente investigação: as fugas de escravizados. O presente artigo, a partir da análise de anúncio de fuga coletiva entre africanos orientais, busca analisar a (re)construção de identidades por meio de articulações e estratégias para manter-se evadido, além de debater questões étnicas em torno desse grupo, ainda obliterada pela historiografia brasileira. As discussões aqui realizadas são provenientes de reflexões preliminares, ainda em desenvolvimento, em pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado.
“Por ter me dado a quantia que convencionamos”
Authors: Martins de Castro Bruno
Published: January 2024

Este artigo tem por intuito analisar, com base nos registros cartoriais do 1º e 2º Ofícios de Notas de São João del-Rei, sede administrativa da comarca mineira do Rio das Mortes, a origem, a cor e os grupos de procedência dos escravos cujas alforrias foram registradas entre 1830 e 1860. Detendo-nos sobre as liberdades que tiveram alguma contrapartida monetária e contrastando o seu preço com o da avaliação dos escravos nos inventários post mortem dos senhores manumissores, notou-se certa proximidade entre o valor nominal das alforrias e aqueles praticados no mercado. Ainda que condição física, idade, gênero e habilidades profissionais dos escravos pudessem ser levadas em consideração para fixação do valor das alforrias, a dimensão e a natureza das relações pessoais entre os cativos e seus senhores parece ter desempenhado um papel decisivo nas negociações que levaram à definição do preço final da liberdade.
Uma história da escravidão no povoado de Exu
Authors: Alves de Alencar Daniel
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo discute sobre a temática da escravidão na atual cidade de Exu-Pernambuco, apresentando aspectos relacionados à violência e às relações entre senhores e escravos no período da segunda metade do século XIX. Como metodologia, reunimos e separamos fontes digitais, como o periódico O Araripe (1855-1864), focalizando nos anúncios de escravos. Foi feito o uso do Censo Geral do Império de 1872 e um manuscrito disponível no arquivo nacional. Embasado em trabalhos de historiadores que trabalharam com a temática da escravidão na região do Cariri cearense, e sobre o uso metodológico de periódicos e as fontes documentais no texto histórico, traçamos um panorama do escravismo na atual cidade de Exu, chegando à conclusão de que ele teve grande impacto na cidade, apesar do discurso local não destacar sua atuação, sobretudo dos senhores de escravos da cidade.
A trajetória do jockey negro Antônio Chrispim
Authors: Lindemaier da Rosa Thiago
Published: January 2024

Este estudo consiste em analisar a trajetória de Antônio Chrispim, um homem negro que atuou como jóquei em Recife nos anos finais da década de 1880. Chrispim era tido como uma “estrela” das corridas de cavalo em Pernambuco e por estar inserido em um ambiente que no seu interior é composto por grupos endinheirados manteve relações com uma família afortunada da cidade. Esse fato aproximou o desportista da filha de um rico comerciante que por não aceitar a relações de ambos usou de seus atributos econômicos e políticos para acusar o atleta de sequestro, visto que, o casal planejou uma fuga. Através deste caso viso analisar as condições da população negra através do caso Chrispim em Recife. A presente pesquisa está em desenvolvimento junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria e conta com o apoio financeiro do programa CAPES/DS.
O “Marxismo Weberiano”
Authors: Júlia Parente Félix Maria
Published: January 2024

Em 1955, Maurice Merleau-Ponty menciona pela primeira vez o termo “marxismo weberiano”, no livro “As aventuras da dialética”, sem dar maiores explicações acerca do que busca ao unir dois autores de pensamentos sociopolíticos tão distintos. Com o passar dos anos, surgirão debates substanciais acerca das implicações deste termo nas obras de autores de grande visibilidade da tradição marxista, sendo György Lukács o exemplo mais emblemático e relembrado, e a obra História e consciência de classe a pioneira neste assunto. No entanto, há quem diga que tais tentativas, tanto de conjugar Marx e Weber numa abordagem teórica quanto atribuir a Lukács um léxico weberiano que é observado com mais substância, até então, em apenas uma obra, se trata de um erro grave – como defende István Mészáros em escritos variados de sua trajetória intelectual. Desta forma, este artigo se dedica a contribuir brevemente ao debate quanto as noções que constituem o “marxismo weberiano”.
"Os indesejados no alvo da Justiça”
Authors: William Barbosa Laroca Lucas
Published: January 2024

O degredo pode ser compreendido como uma espécie de punição que consistia em afastar os sujeitos que a essa pena eram condenados/as. Praticado por diversas monarquias europeias, foi alvo do mecanismo político e jurídico de Portugal, tendo grande destaque para o Brasil Colônia. Pelo conceito legislativo, tal punição era prevista nas Ordenações do Reino especialmente nas Ordenações Filipinas, que foram promulgadas em 1603. No contexto do período colonial, a prática do degredo esteve fortemente vinculada ao Brasil que recebia um grande número de degredados, principalmente da Metrópole lusitana. Contudo, a prática do “afastamento”, também foi presente no período Imperial brasileiro, sendo previsto como forma de condenação no Código Penal de 1830. Esse artigo, neste sentido, pretende compreender o afastamento como categoria de punição nas duas bases legislativas acima referenciadas.
Emergence and Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 Variant: Global Prevalence and Implications for Public Health
Authors: Fan Hang , Qin Si , Cui Yujun
Published: January 2024

The relentless evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants remains a formidable challenge to global public health, thus prompting significant concern among health authorities due to emergent strains. One such “variant of interest” (VOI) recently identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) is JN.1, a distinct sub-lineage stemming from the BA.2.86 variant. Noteworthy mutations, including R3821K in ORF1a, L455S in the spike protein, and F19L in ORF7b, characterize JN.1*, the prevalence of which is steadily surging worldwide, signaling a remarkable competitive advantage. While differing from its parent variant, BA.2.86, in terms of infectivity and immune evasion, current evidence does not support heightened pathogenicity associated with JN.1*; however, the augmented immune evasion capabilities raise concerns about potential waves of infections, particularly among individuals previously exposed to earlier variants. Indeed, existing vaccines may offer limited protection against JN.1* due to its distinct immunological profile. Consequently, a shift toward non-immunologic protective measures may become imperative to effectively curb transmission. As JN.1* gains prominence, understanding its unique characteristics and adapting public health strategies accordingly are paramount in mitigating the impact on global health.
SimplyFire: An Open-Source, Customizable Software Application for the Analysis of Synaptic Events
Authors: Mori Megumi , Rosko Andrew , Farnsworth Jill , Carrasco Guadalupe , Broomandkhoshbacht Parisa , Pareja-Navarro Kristeen , Pejmun Haghighi A.
Published: January 2024

We have developed an open-source software for neuroscientists to analyze electrophysiological recordings. Named SimplyFire, the software gives the users the flexibility to analyze a variety of recordings using an interactive graphical user interface or as an importable Python package. The software features a simple plugin structure that allows users to create and deploy various electrophysiology analysis tools. SimplyFire is pre-packaged with tools commonly used in electrophysiology, such as noise filtering, trace averaging, miniature analysis, and trace exporting. We discuss in detail the algorithm behind the different features of the analysis tool. We verify the accuracy of the algorithm by testing the software using computer-generated traces with known true values of the events. SimplyFire will be distributed under the GPLv3.0 license. The open nature of this software will allow interested investigators to modify and expand the software for additional capabilities as needed. We believe this software will not only compete with commercially available software packages but will also present a powerful tool to meet the current and unmet needs of electrophysiologists.
Deprivation-induced plasticity in the early central circuits of the rodent visual, auditory, and olfactory systems
Authors: Huang Li , Hardyman Francesca , Edwards Megan , Galliano Elisa
Published: January 2024

Activity-dependent neuronal plasticity is crucial for animals to adapt to dynamic sensory environments. Traditionally, it has been investigated using deprivation approaches in animal models primarily in sensory cortices. Nevertheless, emerging evidence emphasizes its significance in sensory organs and in sub-cortical regions where cranial nerves relay information to the brain. Additionally, critical questions started to arise. Do different sensory modalities share common cellular mechanisms for deprivation-induced plasticity at these central entry-points? Does the deprivation duration correlate with specific plasticity mechanisms?

This study systematically reviews and meta-analyses research papers that investigated visual, auditory, or olfactory deprivation in rodents of both sexes. It examines the consequences of sensory deprivation in homologous regions at the first central synapse following cranial nerve transmission (vision-lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus; audition-ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus; olfaction-olfactory bulb). The systematic search yielded 91 papers (39 vision, 22 audition, 30 olfaction), revealing substantial heterogeneity in publication trends, experimental methods, measures of plasticity, and reporting across the sensory modalities. Despite these differences, commonalities emerged when correlating plasticity mechanisms with the duration of sensory deprivation. Short-term deprivation (up to 1 day) reduced activity and increased disinhibition, medium-term deprivation (1 day to a week) involved glial changes and synaptic remodelling, and long-term deprivation (over a week) primarily led to structural alterations.

These findings underscore the importance of standardizing methodologies and reporting practices. Additionally, they highlight the value of cross-modals synthesis for understanding how the nervous system, including peripheral, pre-cortical, and cortical areas, respond to and compensate for sensory inputs loss.

Significance StatementThis study addresses the critical issue of sensory loss and its impact on the brain's adaptability, shedding light on how different sensory systems respond to loss of inputs from the environment. While past research has primarily explored early-life sensory deprivation, this study focuses on the effects of sensory loss in post-weaning rodents. By systematically reviewing 91 research articles, the findings reveal distinct responses based on the duration of sensory deprivation. This research not only enhances our understanding of brain plasticity but also has broad implications for translational applications, particularly in cross-modal plasticity, offering valuable insights into neuroscientific research and potential clinical interventions.
Enhancing GABAergic Tonic Inhibition Reduces Seizure-Like Activity in the Neonatal Mouse Hippocampus and Neocortex
Authors: Liddiard G. T. , Suryavanshi P. S. , Glykys J.
Published: January 2024

Approximately one-third of neonatal seizures do not respond to first-line anticonvulsants, including phenobarbital, which enhances phasic inhibition. Whether enhancing tonic inhibition decreases seizure-like activity in the neonate when GABA is mainly depolarizing at this age is unknown. We evaluated if increasing tonic inhibition using THIP [4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo(5,4-c)pyridin-3-ol, gaboxadol], a δ-subunit–selective GABAAreceptor agonist, decreases seizure-like activity in neonatal C57BL/6J mice (postnatal day P5–8, both sexes) using acute brain slices. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings showed that THIP enhanced GABAergic tonic inhibitory conductances in layer V neocortical and CA1 pyramidal neurons and increased their rheobase without altering sEPSC characteristics. Two-photon calcium imaging demonstrated that enhancing the activity of extrasynaptic GABAARs decreased neuronal firing in both brain regions. In the 4-aminopyridine and the low-Mg2+model of pharmacoresistant seizures, THIP reduced epileptiform activity in the neocortex and CA1 hippocampal region of neonatal and adult brain slices in a dose-dependent manner. We conclude that neocortical layer V and CA1 pyramidal neurons have tonic inhibitory conductances, and when enhanced, they reduce neuronal firing and decrease seizure-like activity. Therefore, augmenting tonic inhibition could be a viable approach for treating neonatal seizures.
Demons in San Francisco Bay
Authors: Babits Chris
Published: January 2024

In 1967, street minister Kent Philpott began outreach to lesbian, gay, and bisexual hippies in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco. Over the next decade, he counseled those who purportedly wanted out of what he referred to as “the gay lifestyle,” combining charismatic religious beliefs in demons, divine healing, and glossolalia with psychological theories on gender and child development. This article examines Philpott’s efforts to provide the nascent “ex-gay movement” with cultural, social, and intellectual foundations. This article specifically documents how sexual liberation, hippie culture, and conservative religion converged in San Francisco and spawned the “ex-gay movement.” Philpott, swept up by the Jesus People Movement, incorporated religious and psychological beliefs prominent in the Bay Area and infused charismatic Christian influences and traditional understandings of masculinity and femininity into the “ex-gay movement.”
In vivo techniques for assessment of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism
Authors: Hahn Margaret K , Giacca Adria , Pereira Sandra
Published: January 2024

Metabolic tests are vital to determine in vivo insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in preclinical models, usually rodents. Such tests include glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, and glucose clamps. Although these tests are not standardized, there are general guidelines for their completion and analysis that are constantly being refined. In this review, we describe metabolic tests in rodents as well as factors to consider when designing and performing these tests.
Dimensional stability and equilibrium moisture content of thermally modified hardwoods
Authors: Masoumi Abasali , Bond Brian H.
Published: January 2024

The dimensional stability and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of thermally modified hardwoods were studied. Lumber of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera); red oak (Quercus borealis); white ash (Fraxinus americana), red maple (Acer rubrum); hickory (Carya glabra), and black cherry (Prunus serotina) were modified in industrial thermo-vacuum system. The water absorption rate, EMC, swelling, anti-swelling efficiency, shrinkage, anti-shrinkage efficiency, and anisotropy of the specimens were measured and compared to unmodified wood. The results show that thermal modification significantly decreased water absorption of wood which leads to improved dimensional stability. Specifically, thermally modified wood showed reduced EMC (22% in hickory to 59% in red maple), increased water absorption repellent (14.9% in black cherry to 29.6% in yellow-poplar), increased anti-swelling efficiency (14.2% in hickory to 71.4% in ash), increased anti-shrinkage efficiency (23.5% in red maple to 65.6% in ash), and reduced anisotropy coefficient (4.7% in red oak to 31.9% in black cherry).
Про наукові засади розроблення методики оцінювання збитків, завданих воєнними діями природним екосистемам
Authors: Дідух Яків Петрович
Published: January 2024

У доповіді йдеться про те, що через широкомасштабну воєнну агресію РФ проти України збитки, завдані навколишньому середовищу, набули катастрофічного характеру, а їх поєднання з іншими видами антропогенної діяльності та змінами клімату зумовлює синергетичний ефект, який у віддаленій перспективі може призвести до значних негативних економічних, соціальних та екологічних наслідків. Наголошено на актуальності та важливості проведення досліджень з розроблення методики оцінки шкоди, завданої природним екосистемам під час війни, а також відновлення та збереження природних екосистем.
Influence of Adding Jordanian Scoria on the Properties of Clay-based Geopolymer
Authors: Al-Slaty Faten , Ibrahim Khalil , Fayez Sultan , Al-Dabsheh Islam , Odeh Taleb , Abusmier Shereen
Published: January 2024

This work aims to investigate the influence of adding Jordanian scoria on the characteristics of clay-based geopolymer. The clay deposit and scoria were gotten from north-east Jordan. The chemical, mineralogical, and microstructural properties of the used materials were examined. Scoria was added to clay-based geopolymer mixtures in different ratios: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Comprehensive experimental tests were conducted to assess the effect of adding scoria on the properties of the produced geopolymer. The results revealed decreased compressive strength and dry density, whereas porosity, water absorption, cation exchange capacity, and specific surface area increased as the ratio of scoria increased. The mineralogical and microstructural analysis of the geopolymers after adding scoria indicates the formation of mineral phases, namely hydroxy-sodalite and hydroxy-cancrinite in addition to the gel phase.
An integrated approach of advanced methods for mapping geologic structures and sedimentary thickness in Ukelle and adjoining region (Southeast Nigeria)
Authors: Ekwok Stephen E. , Eldosouky Ahmed M. , Ben Ubong C. , Achadu Ogiji-Idaga M. , Akpan Anthony E. , Othman Abdullah , Pham Luan Thanh
Published: January 2024

High-resolution aeromagnetic data were enhanced using recent and advanced filters to map the geologic structures of the Ukelle and adjoin region (Southeast Nigeria). Aeromagnetic data were reduced to the equator (RTE) and upward continued to 100 m. Subsequently, enhancement operations like the tilt angle of the horizontal gradient (TAHG), logistic function of the horizontal gradient (LTHG), and fast sigmoid function (FSED) operations were carried out. The results from these filters indicated that the ENE-WSW, NE-SW, NNE-SSW, and NNW-SSE orientations dominate the structural pattern of the Ukelle region. In addition, the edge filters delineated NE-SW trending synclinal structures that match the location of thick (500-1400 m) sedimentation obtained by the tilt-depth (TD) method. Furthermore, the structural map obtained from remote sensing data validated the lineament orientations and position of the NE-SW trending synclinal structure. The results also showed that the study location’s southeastern and northwestern flanking portions, controlled by extensive Santonian igneous intrusions and metamorphisms, are characterized by high lineaments and thin (0-500 m) sedimentation. The observed thin sedimentation is believed to be caused by widespread Santonian tectonic events in the area. At the same time, related geologic structures served as migration pathways and accumulation zones for rift mineralization.
Mercado de bovinos para engorda en México: un enfoque de redes
Authors: Callejas-Juárez Nicolás
Published: January 2024

Introducción. La red de movilización de ganado bovino para engorda en México es compleja. El motivo, volumen, origen y destino de los animales movilizados determinan la estructura económica y red de mercado. Objetivo. Analizar la estructura de mercado de la red nacional de bovinos para engorda en México de 2017 a 2021, Materiales y métodos. El estudio consideró todas las cabezas de ganado movilizado para engorda en 956 municipios de origen (oferta) y 1173 municipios de destino (demanda) dentro de México del año 2017 a 2021. La estructura del mercado se analizó con medidas económicas, de densidad y centralidad del Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS). Resultados. La red de movilización de bovinos para engorda se conformó con 31 orígenes y 32 destinos, un promedio anual de 3,9 millones de cabezas de ganado bovino movilizadas y 73,6 cabezas de ganado por movilización. Los estados más importantes en la movilización de ganado, en origen y destino, fueron Chiapas y Durango. En todos los orígenes y destinos del ganado se encontró una alta concentración de novillo para engorda, porque tuvieron medidas de centralidad y densidad bajas de toda la red. Tanto en origen como en destino Veracruz y Durango fueron los más influyentes. Conclusiones. La red de mercado de bovinos para engorda en México tiene una estructura con alta densidad y baja centralidad. El grado de especialización, tanto de orígenes y destinos, es bajo. La oferta se concentra en el sureste y la demanda en el norte y centro del país. La información permite establecer una red de prevención sanitaria, una re de trazabilidad del ganado y una red de información de mercados.