bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of ChatGPT in information literacy instructional design
Authors: Jelena Madunić  , Sovulj Matija
Published: November 2023

Recent developments in ChatGPT have initiated a prompt response in the academic libraries’ community. This includes discussions on possible applications of AI text generators (Fernandez, 2023) and the implications of ChatGPT for academic libraries (Cox and Tzoc, 2023). In various segments of library services, ranging from reference services, cataloguing and metadata creation to content creation, ChatGPT can be used for natural language processing activities.In this paper, our aim is to investigate a specific application of ChatGPT in relation to Open Educational Resources (OER): instructional design for information literacy courses in academic libraries. The starting point for our research is using openly-licensed informational resources, i.e. ‘content infrastructure’ as facilitators in creating educational resources. It is widely recognised that large language models (LLMs), which use deep learning techniques to generate text based on prompts, greatly contribute to the speed of creating  informational resources which comprise the content infrastructure (Wiley, 2023). However, ensuring the quality of the generated output and the requirement for review and improvements is an issue.Our analysis of the model will be conducted in three stages: 1. developing a strategy for producing information literacy syllabus using ChatGPT; 2. training the model according to predefined standards; 3. conducting the review process. In the first stage, the following guidelines will be applied: assign the model the role of a subject-matter expert (SME); provide context; instruct the model to use specific standards, i.e. “Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education” (ALA/ACRL, 2000) and direct the model to use a specific output format. The second stage, or model training, will consist of a series of structured prompts, including feedback and reflection prompts. In the third stage, two external reviewers will be included in the process, with the following profiles: 1. an academic library information literacy programme coordinator; 2. English language specialist (assistant professor, PhD level). The purpose of the review is twofold: to check for pedagogical accuracy and psychometric validity, as well as usability in the actual academic environment.The results will provide some insight into the benefits of strategic and well-planned use of ChatGPT technology in creating content, while also considering responsible and ethical use of the new technology in the academic library sector.
Fina Casalderrey, exemplo de mestra e escritora a prol da educación literaria, o fomento de valores e a Literatura Infantil e Xuvenil
Authors: Ferreira Boo Carmen
Published: November 2023

Realízase unha achega biobibliográfica á figura da autora clásica contemporánea galega Fina Casalderrey, reparando nas principais liñas temáticas da súa produción narrativa infantil e xuvenil para o desenvolvemento da educación literaria. Na narrativa xuvenil salientan a ficción científica, as problemáticas adolescentes e o misterio; mentres que a narrativa infantil se clasifica en oito categorías temáticas: respecto aos animais, relacións familiares, temas tabús, descuberta do mundo, problemáticas sociais, aprendizaxe vital, defensa da natureza e misterio. Conclúese que o éxito da longa traxectoria literaria de Casalderrey a sitúa no centro do canon da Literatura Infantil e Xuvenil galega, grazas a unha poética propia e singular, que se caracteriza pola naturalidade, linguaxe sinxela, inxenuidade, tenrura e humor. O estudo complétase cunha entrevista na que a escritora profunda nalgunhas cuestións da súa vida persoal e profesional e da súa faceta literaria.
Justicia algorítmica: un enfoque sociotécnico
Authors: Bravo Bolado Andrea
Published: November 2023

Los instrumentos de predicción del riesgo de reincidencia basados en IA generan numerosos retos para los pilares del Derecho penal. Es urgente una introspección en una disciplina incipiente, el “algorithmic fairness”, cuyo objetivo es construir herramientas éticas, adaptadas al concepto de “justicia”. Se pretende arrojar claridad metodológica en un campo donde convergen disciplinas dispares (ciencia de datos, matemáticas y derecho), intentando dar respuesta a los siguientes interrogantes: ¿es posible trasladar al lenguaje matemático conceptos como “equidad” o “no discriminación”?; ¿hay varios conceptos de lo “justo”? ¿son compatibles? ¿qué resultados arrojan?; ¿es posible tender un puente entre ambos lenguajes que brinde resultados objetivamente más justos?; ¿de qué manera el desarrollo de derechos como la igualdad y la no discriminación deben afectar en la programación? Dicho examen nos permitirá dotar de la necesaria protección a colectivos que sufren el riesgo de ser cada vez más marginalizados por el sistema.
La gestión de residuos de plásticos en Marruecos: una reflexión sociológica sobre el sector informal en la economía circular
Authors: Vázquez Silva Iria , De Rivera Outomuro Javier
Published: November 2023

Este artículo presenta un estudio de caso sobre el vínculo entre la gestión de residuos de plásticos en Marruecos (principalmente en Casablanca y Rabat) y las divergentes condiciones laborales de los trabajadores (formales e informales) que conforman este sector, en el contexto de transformación del sector hacia la Economía Circular (EC). Para ello, tomamos en cuenta la perspectiva de múltiples expertos/as en la materia, así como de la administración pública encargada de gestionar el proceso de transición, el sector empresarial privado y los propios recolectores. Este enfoque nos permitió conocer las complejidades y matices de la transición de la gestión de residuos en Marruecos e identificar los principales retos en materia de justicia social asociados al cambio hacia una Economía Circular.
Applying artificial neural networks to solve the inverse problem of evaluating concentrations in multianalyte mixtures from biosensor signals
Authors: Dapšys Ignas , Čiegis Raimondas , Starikovičius Vadimas
Published: November 2023

We investigate the ill-posedness of the inverse biosensor problem when the biosensor signals are corrupted by noise. To solve the problem, we employ feed-forward and convolutional neural networks. Computational experiments were performed with different levels of additive and multiplicative noises for the batch and flow injection analysis modes of the biosensor. Obtained results show that the largest errors of recovered concentrations are located on the edges of the training domain. We have found that the inverse problem is less ill-posed in the flow injection analysis mode and concentrations can be reliably recovered for higher levels of noise compared to the batch mode. This finding is confirmed by the application of the DIRECT global optimization method to the considered inverse biosensor problem.
Fusarium head blight in wheat: Impact of growing season, wheat variety and nitrogen fertilization under natural infection
Authors: El Chami Elias , El Chami Josepha , Tarnawa Ákos , Kassai Katalin Mária , Kende Zoltán , Jolánkai Márton
Published: November 2023

The fungal genus Fusarium encompasses a diverse group of species responsible for synthesizing mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol, fumonisin, and zearalenone and inducing Fusarium head blight in wheat. The research was undertaken over a period of two consecutive growing seasons (2020 and 2021) on the premises and facilities of the Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences (MATE). The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of growing season, nitrogen fertilization, and wheat variety on Fusarium infection as well as mycotoxin contamination in wheat kernel. Zearalenone was absent throughout the course of the two growing seasons, whereas deoxynivalenol was found solely in 2020. The findings demonstrate that nitrogen fertilization failed to exhibit a statistically significant impact on both Fusarium infection and mycotoxin production. The impact of wheat variety on Fusarium infection and deoxynivalenol was not found to be statistically significant. However, it exerted a significant effect on fumonisin production. The growing season exerted a statistically significant impact on the incidence of Fusarium infection and the ensuing contamination with mycotoxins, attributable to augmented precipitation levels in 2021 compared to 2020, specifically during the flowering period when the spike of wheat is highly susceptible to Fusarium infection.
Identification of Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diaporthe eres from rotted walnut fruits and other plant parts in different phenological stages
Authors: Zabiák Andrea , Csótó András , Tóth Beáta , Takács Ferenc , Pál Károly , Sándor Erzsébet
Published: November 2023

The acreage of English walnut (Juglans regia L.) is constantly expanding in Hungary, due to the favorable climatic conditions and economic importance. Last years, serious damage was reported from several orchards with high percentage of rotted, moldy kernels. The aim of this research was to identify the pathogens at different growth stages. Fungi were cultured from the spotty, shriveled and rotted kernels, and monosporic isolates were identified based on morphological characters and molecular markers (ITS region and tef1 locus sequences). Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diaporthe eres were identified in high proportion from symptomatic kernels. These species were also isolated from different parts of walnut trees in different seasons. D. eres was detected in a high proportion from asymptomatic buds in March, while the presence of both species was observed in symptomatic husks with Overnight Freezing-Incubation Technique (ONFIT) in June. Their optimal growth temperature defined to be between 20–25 °C, and the growth of D. eres isolates was completely inhibited at 35 °C.
Capacitor for the voltage-surge suppression in a SiC-MOSFET half-bridge inverter
Authors: Hasanah Rini Nur , Djuriatno Waru , Ardhenta Lunde , Suyono Hadi , Wijaya Febry Pandu , Mokhlis Hazlie
Published: November 2023

This paper explores some efforts to suppress the voltage surge appearing during the operation of a SiC-MOSFET-based half-bridge circuit in an inverter topology. The study is important to carry out, as the voltage surge problem does not come up when a Si-IGBT is used as the switching component in the half-bridge; however, some applications demand certain properties like what is found in a SiC MOSFET. Compared to Si-IGBT with rise-time/fall-time larger than 100 ns in general, the use of SiC MOSFET is preferable due to its much shorter switching time, less than 50 ns, which brings about a much lower switching loss and lower operating temperature. However, the choice of the usual electrolytic capacitor in the dc-link would produce an undesired voltage surge during the half-bridge operation. The origin of the surge is sometimes assigned to the inductance parasitic effect of the SiC-MOSFET high frequency. This research proves the benefit of a film capacitor to suppress the surge due to its lower equivalent series resistance (ESR) than that of the electrolytic capacitor. The results contribute to the consideration to take during the circuit realization in various applications, as there are not many papers yet found discussing the use of film capacitor in the dc-link of a SiC-MOSFET half-bridge inverter. This study also reveals the importance of the film capacitor placement during the design stage of SiC-MOSFET applications; moreover, motor controllers being equipped with an inverter such as described in this study have not been found yet in the market. The efforts investigated in this work would help to control the undesirable voltage spikes that frequently occur when applying a SiC-MOSFET to a half-bridge inverter design
Evaluation of the effectiveness of government support for technology entrepreneurship
Authors: Ibyzhаnova Aizhan , Rustenova Elvira , Sultanova Zamzagul , Talapbayeva Gulnar , Yerniyazova Zhanat
Published: November 2023

This article explores the role of state support in stimulating technological entrepreneurship and its impact on the innovation process. Through analyzing existing research and using empirical evidence, the article develops a theoretical framework that explains the mechanisms of the impact of government measures on technological entrepreneurship. The article provides an overview of the main measures and tools implemented in the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past 10 years. In particular, the effectiveness of measures of JSC "Entrepreneurship Development Fund "Damu", which realizes the functions of an agent for accounting and monitoring the use of funds from the state budget, is assessed. The draw a conclusion about the stable growth of the sector, despite the negative factors of the impact of non-stability of the external environment. A quantitative assessment of the macroeconomic impact of financial measures of state support on technological entrepreneurship using the methods of correlation and regression analysis is given. The results of the assessment showed that there are weak and strong influence of state support measures: interest rate subsidies do not show macroeconomic effect, loan guarantees have a weak effect on the opening of new business entities; conditional placement of funds in banks and interest rate guarantees show good influence.
In conclusion, our article presents concrete practical implications and policy recommendations to enhance state support strategies for technology entrepreneurship, aimed at promoting innovation and reinforcing economic competitiveness. The research has revealed a noteworthy surge in innovation activity and growth in economic competitiveness. In particular, comparative assessments indicate that in 2021, the SME sector accounted for 33.3 % of the economy, signifying a substantial increase from the 32.8 % of GDP it constituted in 2020. These numbers underline the success of the current policies and provide a strong rationale for the continued enhancement of state support for technology entrepreneurship. The findings not only reaffirm the significance of continuing this policy but also establish the groundwork for more ambitious targets, such as achieving a 35 % share of SMEs in the economy by 2025.
Development of a solution search method using an improved monkey algorithm
Authors: Shyshatskyi Andrii , Nechyporuk Olena , Kuchuk Nina , Stanovska Iraida , Nalapko Oleksii , Shknai Oleh , Protas Nadiia , Shostak Serhii , Binkovska Anzhela , Shapoval Petro
Published: November 2023

The object of the research is decision support systems. The subject of the research is the decision-making process in management problems using the monkey algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks.
A solution search method using an improved monkey algorithm is proposed. The research is based on the monkey algorithm – for finding a solution regarding the state of an object. For training monkey agents (MA), evolving artificial neural networks are used. The method has the following sequence of steps:
– input of initial data;
– processing of initial data taking into account the degree of uncertainty;
– a search vector is generated for each MA, taking into account the degree of uncertainty;
– determination of the initial speed of MA movement;
– calculation of the fitness function of the MA solution;
– calculation of the height of MA movement;
– verification of fulfillment of local jump conditions;
– generation of local search plane coordinates;
– calculation of the fitness function of the MA solution;
– generation of global search plane coordinates;
– search distribution among the MA flock;
– changing the speed of MA movement;
– checking the permissible value of the obtained solution regarding the object state;
– training of MA knowledge bases.
The originality of the proposed method lies in the arrangement of MA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved procedures of global and local search taking into account the degree of noise of data about the state of the analysis object. A feature of the proposed method is the use of an improved MA training procedure. The training procedure consists in learning the parameters and architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole. The method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 23–28 % due to the use of additional improved procedures
Development of recurrent neural networks for price forecasting at cryptocurrency exchanges
Authors: Tyshchenko Victoria , Achkasova Svitlana , Naidenko Oleksii , Kanyhin Serhii , Karpova Vlada
Published: November 2023

The study focuses on improving the quality of using recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to predict cryptocurrency prices. The formula of the target variable for the model based on the arithmetic mean is developed, which allows us to better take into account the dynamics of cryptocurrency exchanges. The factors affecting this variable were grouped into features based on the volume of daily cryptocurrency trading, the volatility of the relevant prices, and the pre-calculated and selected signals of technical indicators. As part of the study, an algorithm for processing daily data was developed for the model. The results obtained made it possible to create a holistic model for forecasting stock prices. Two recurrent neural networks were trained: one with a long short-term memory (LSTM) and the other with a recurrent gate unit (GRU). To determine the efficiency of the models, the analysis was carried out using two key indicators: the Sortino coefficient, which measures the relative risk/reward for each additional unit of unwanted volatility, and the Sharpe ratio, which measures the return on assets, subtracting the free risk. As a result, it was found that both models have similar results in terms of accuracy (~69 %). Still, the GRU-based model showed significantly better values of the Sortino coefficients (3.13) and Sharpe’s coefficient (2.45), which allows us to conclude that it is effective on cryptocurrency exchanges. At the same time, the LSTM model requires more parameters for training than the GRU model with an identical structure, which leads to a longer training time. The obtained scientific and practical results are aimed at more efficient use of recurrent neural networks in price forecasting on cryptocurrency exchanges
Development of biotechnologically transesterified three-component fat systems stable to oxidation
Authors: Belinska Anna , Bliznjuk Olga , Masalitina Nataliia , Bielykh Iryna , Zviahintseva Oksana , Gontar Tatyana , Stankevych Serhii , Zabrodina Inna , Mandych Oleksandra , Stepankova Galyna
Published: November 2023

The object of the research is the period of induction of accelerated oxidation of biotechnologically transesterified fatty systems that do not contain trans isomers of fatty acids. The paper defines the rational ratio of fatty raw materials in mixtures for biotechnological transesterification. The results obtained make it possible to develop biotechnologically transesterified three-component fat systems (palm stearin, coconut and sunflower, or soybean, or corn, or sesame oil) to obtain substitutes for milk fat. The proposed calculation of melting points of transesterified fat systems of a wide range of ratios of raw components allows us to justify such rational ratios of components that allow obtaining finished products with a melting point of 33.0...33.5 °С. It is effective to use the products of the developed composition in view of the technological requirements of consumers for their oxidizing capacity. The data obtained in the work are explained by the fatty acid and antioxidant composition of low-melting components of fat systems in a different range of their ratios, which determines different technological properties, in particular, the melting point and stability to oxidation of finished products. A feature of the obtained results is the competitiveness of the obtained fat systems, which are characterized by the absence of atherogenic components and the presence of biologically valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids in the composition. The results of the research make it possible to minimize the cost of raw components while preserving the nutritional value and technological characteristics. An applied aspect of using the scientific result is the possibility of expanding the range of milk fat substitutes with high nutritional value
Assessing the provision of innovative technologies for the growth of corporate social responsibility in Lithuania
Authors: Rozhenko Oleksandra , Iurchenko Maryna , Juscius Vytautas
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the assessment of the provision of innovative technologies for the growth of corporate social responsibility by types of economic activity in Lithuania.
In the course of the research, the problem of determining the level of provision of corporate social responsibility with innovative technologies as a factor of its growth was solved; establishing a benchmark for the regularity of the growth of corporate social responsibility by types of economic activity in Lithuania.
As a result of the study, an integral indicator of the provision of innovative technologies for the growth of corporate social responsibility by types of economic activity in Lithuania was obtained, which does not correspond to the reference model of the pattern of growth for each.
The peculiarity of this study is the comprehensive approach, which takes into account the multi-component content of corporate social responsibility, its relationship with internal and external elements of the socio-economic system, namely its growth, based on the use of innovative technologies.
A distinctive feature of the results, owing to which they made it possible to solve the set tasks, is multidimensionality, that is, the structure, dynamics, relationship of the research object were taken into account, quantitative and qualitative indicators were used, and a complex methodological toolkit of matrix business modeling.
The results of the study make it possible to determine in practice the level of assurance of the growth of corporate social responsibility by innovative technologies. Taking into account deviations from the reference model of growth patterns, make decisions about the introduction of certain types of innovative technologies in certain components of corporate social responsibility.
Determining the effect of the direction of installing the cutting edges of shredder roller blades on process parameters
Authors: Sheichenko Victor , Volskyi Volodymyr , Kotsiubanskyi Rostyslav , Dnes Viktor , Bilovod Oleksandra , Shevchuk Misha , Skoriak Yuliia
Published: November 2023

This paper reports a study aimed at increasing the intensity of grinding of the stems of coarse-stemmed crops by establishing the influence of the orientation of the cutting edge of the cutter-shredder knives on the quality of the technological grinding operations.
Analytical dependences of the planar movement of the roller-shredder were established and it was determined that for rollers with knives, the cutting edge of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation:
– exceeding the value of the vertical components of the total forces of resistance of the knives, which made it possible to increase the values of forces, and, as a result, more intensive destruction of the layer of plant remains;
– exceeding the values of the driving force of the knives based on the dependence of the driving force on structural and kinematic parameters (roller weight, drum radius, blade height, blade inclination angle, acceleration).
Experimental studies have established an excess of up to 20 % of the quality indicators of milling sunflower and corn stems with roller knives, the cutting edge of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation.
The average number of crushed pieces of corn stalks in the range of less than 50 mm is 13.6 % higher in the combined unit, the cutter blades of which are directed with the cutting edge in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation.
It was established that with zero and 3.92 kN (400 kg) additional loading, an increase in speed from 7.45 km/h to 13.6 km/h leads to a decrease in the values of the average traction resistance. The highest value of traction resistance was set at a speed of 13.6 km/h and an additional load of 7.84 kN (800 kg). The lowest value of traction resistance was established at zero additional load and a speed of 22.0 km/h, which is 21.5 % less than at a speed of 7.45 km/h and 14.1 % less than at a speed of 13.6 km/h.
Improving a procedure of load balancing in distributed IoT systems
Authors: Zakutynskyi Ihor , Rabodzei Ihor , Burmakin Stanislav , Kalishuk Oleksandr , Nebylytsia Vitalii
Published: November 2023

The object of this research is the process of load balancing in distributed Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Within this work, a complex of problems related to efficient load distribution has been addressed. The authors conducted an analysis of existing load-balancing approaches and their drawbacks and proposed an enhanced architecture for the MQTT broker. Additionally, methods and algorithms for load balancing were developed based on multi-criteria server monitoring.
Furthermore, the authors created a mathematical model to assess the uniformity of load distribution in the system and introduced a corresponding metric – the load distribution coefficient. In order to evaluate the proposed load balancing methods, a series of experiments were conducted, including the simulation of a distributed IoT system with non-deterministic load. The main goal of these experiments was to assess the uniformity of MQTT load distribution by the broker.
The results of the experiments confirmed the hypothesis of improved load distribution efficiency through multi-criteria monitoring-based balancing. The utilization of the proposed load-balancing methods allowed for a more efficient utilization of computational resources. It was found that when using the proposed methods, in the case of non-deterministic load in the IoT system, the load distribution coefficient on average exceeded the corresponding indicator of existing methods by 70 %. In addition, the value of this coefficient for the proposed methods remains virtually unchanged throughout the experiment, which is evidence of the stable operation of the system as a whole. The results obtained can be useful in the development of modern IoT systems.
Efficiency of gas preparation technology using a block drying plant
Authors: Petrash Oleksandr , Popov Stanislav , Petrash Ruslan , Levchenko Yuliia , Kelemesh Anton
Published: November 2023

The object of research is the technology of gas drying using a mobile block installation. The task to ensure compliance of the composition of natural gas with the values of a number of basic characteristics before its supply to main pipelines has been solved. The results of a complex analysis of the gas preparation technology of the deposit, which is located in an agricultural area and is at a late stage of exploitation, are reported. It was established that in order to ensure the supply of conditioned gas to the system of main gas pipelines under the conditions of low gas pressures, the construction of gas treatment plants is required, first of all, for its drying.
The method of ensuring gas quality considered in the current paper involves the use of a block-type gas drying installation as part of a low-temperature separation installation and a source of artificial cold. As the latter, it is envisaged to use a freon-refrigerating unit. The study shows that the proposed block gas drying units can be unified for different gas productivity and are characterized by relatively low capital and operating costs. The main advantages of the introduction of gas preparation block installations and the scheme of connecting the installation to the existing line are presented.
Based on the results of the economic efficiency indicators, it was established that the use of a block gas drying unit is a profitable project with the value of the accumulated reduced free cash flow of almost 843 thousand conditional units; the investment payback period is 3 years. The results could be effectively used in the gas distribution sector, provided that the gas is extracted from a field close to exhaustion, which is characterized by low reservoir pressures
Designing brazing filler metal for heat-resistant nickel alloys of new generation marine gas turbines
Authors: Kvasnytskyi Viktor , Korzhyk Volodymyr , Kvasnytskyi Viacheslav , Matviienko Maksym , Buturlia Yevhen , Lahodzinskyi Ivan
Published: November 2023

The object of research is the processes of the formation of brazed joints and the stressed state. The subject of research is structure, chemical composition, long-term high-temperature strength at a temperature of 900 °C, speed of high-temperature salt corrosion. Existing brazing filler metals have a high-temperature performance of 40–50 % of the performance of the SM93-VI and SM96-VI alloys. Despite this, brazing is the main technique of joining modern heat-resistant cast alloys. Therefore, the development of new brazing filler metals that ensure the formation of joints with increased long-term high-temperature strength is relevant. Ship gas turbine blades operate at a temperature of 900 °C. The purpose of the development of the new SBM-4 brazing filler metal is to achieve long-term high-temperature strength of brazed joints at a temperature of 900 °C at the level of 85–90 % of the strength of heat-resistant alloys SM93-VI and SM96-VI.
A two-stage method was used in the development of SBM-4 brazing filler metal. At the first stage, the chemical composition of the brazing filler metal base was determined, taking into account the peculiarities of operating conditions of the blades of marine gas turbine engines and the achievements of materials science of heat-resistant alloys. At the second stage, the depressant and its necessary content were selected. Computer software was used to determine the distribution between the γ- and γ'-phases, taking into account the participation of each element in both dispersion and solid-solution strengthening. Rational limits of concentrations of alloying elements were determined. The criterion was the minimum susceptibility of brazing filler metal to the formation of brittle phases, taking into account the influence of chromium, rhenium, and tantalum concentrations on resistance to high-temperature salt corrosion and high-temperature performance. The long-term strength of SM93-VI and CM96-VI alloys brazed with SBM-4 brazing filler metal is 89–91 % of the strength of the base metal. Technologies of brazing and correction of casting defects have been introduced into production.
Enhancing vehicle wheel suspension test equipment through Taguchi method for optimization
Authors: Geraldi Simon Christof , Andre Hardinsi Festo , Suluh Sallolo , Paliling Formanto , Sampelolo Rigel , Widyianto Agus
Published: November 2023

The study demonstrates a significant advancement in vehicle suspension testing by utilizing the Taguchi method for optimization. The suspension system determines a vehicle’s performance, directly affecting ride comfort, handling, and safety. The research presented in this study highlights a potentially effective method for enhancing suspension testing. The research systematically investigates the complex network of factors influencing suspension behavior using the Taguchi method, a robust optimization technique. The analysis includes examining road surface conditions, passenger weight variations, and tire pressure fluctuations. The objective is to design a suspension system that provides both comfort and stability without making any concessions, regardless of the obstacles encountered on the road. The car utilized for this research is an Altis sedan equipped with tires with a 205/55 R16 profile. The study’s findings indicate that factor A, which represents embankment height, significantly impacts 56 % of road irregularity management and the maintenance of a stable driving experience. The dynamic load factor (Factor D) contributes significantly to the vehicle’s overall stability and ride quality, accounting for 43 % in different scenarios. Based on the given framework, it can be observed that the variables B (tire pressure) and C (passenger weight) significantly influence suspension vibration, resulting in a reduction of below 0.1 %. While the research results presented here only cover a subset of automobiles, the methodology employed can be used to deal with similar problems in other vehicles.
Identifying the features of structural and phase transformations during the processing of oxide waste from the production of high-speed steel
Authors: Volokh Vadym , Poliakov Anatolii , Rebenko Victor , Andreev Andrey , Yamshinskij Mykhail , Lukianenko Ivan , Kurlov Viacheslav , Chaplyhin Yevhen , Vlasenko Nataliya , Ivanchenko Dmytro
Published: November 2023

Peculiarities of phase and structural transformations during the carbon-thermal recovery of high-speed steel slag with the production of an alloying additive were investigated. This is necessary to determine the technological indicators that allow reducing the loss of high-value elements during the production and use of the alloying additive. A gradual change in the degree of scale reduction from 32 % to 69 % and 77 % led to an increase in the appearance of the solid solution of alloying elements and carbon in the α-Fe lattice with respect to FeWO4 and Fe3O4. Along with this, Fe3C, FeW3C, WC, VC, V2C, and Cr3C2 were manifested. At the same time, the formation of polyhedral and rounded particles of different chemical composition and the formation of a spongy microstructure was observed. It was determined that the most acceptable degree of recovery is 77 %. At the same time, the degree of reduction of 69 % is also sufficient since due to the residual carbon in the form of carbides, an increased reduction capacity is ensured with additional reduction of the oxide component in the liquid metal during alloying. The spongy microstructure provides relatively fast dissolution compared to standard ferroalloys, which causes a reduction in the total melting time while reducing the resources spent. No phases and compounds characterized by an increased tendency to sublimation were detected in the obtained alloying additive. That is, there is no need to provide additional conditions that prevent the loss of high-value elements during evaporation with the gas phase, which causes an increase in the degree of extraction of alloying elements. The indicators of the obtained alloying additive make it possible to melt alloyed steel in an electric arc furnace with respect to brands whose composition does not have strict restrictions on carbon, while replacing a part of standard ferroalloys.
Determination of gas parameters in resonant pipes and channels of engines with a periodic workflow using the piston analogy method
Authors: Khrulev Alexander
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates a process of gas flow in the resonant tube of an engine with a periodic workflow. Analysis of various flow models and comparison of known data have shown that the problems of constructing closed 0-dimensional models of the operating cycle for some types of engines remain unresolved. Given this, the question arises about the dimensionality of models of individual engine elements, including the resonant pipe model, which must be included in the general model of the cycle, especially at the initial stage of its development.
To solve the identified problems, a mathematical model of air flow has been improved, built on the basis of an analogy with a '"liquid" piston. Unlike existing ones, the piston analogy model allows one to calculate the instantaneous velocity averaged over the length of the pipe using a numerical solution of the differential equation for velocity.
To test the model built, an alternative finite-difference 1-dimensional gas-dynamic model was selected, with the help of which a test simulation of air flow in a pipe was performed. It has been established that the piston model allows one to find the flow velocity with an accuracy of 5 % for a pressure drop varying according to a sinusoidal law. The permissible limits for changes in the oscillation frequency and pipe length were found, at which the piston model has a minimum error.
Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that with a small mass and inertia of the liquid piston, the proposed model gives results close to those provided by more complex models with higher dimensionality. This indicates the possibility of using a piston model for elements such as pipes as part of a 0-dimensional thermodynamic model of engines with a periodic operating process as an approximate alternative to traditional 1-dimensional flow models
Estimation of electron density, temperature and electrical characterization of silica seeded arc plasma at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Jha Vijay Kumar , Mishra Lekha Nath , Narayan Bijoyendra , Dhobi Saddam Husain , Shah Arun Kumar , Jha Susmita
Published: November 2023

Plasma technology stands at the forefront of numerous industrial applications, offering versatile solutions from materials processing to aerospace engineering. This study employs a single Langmuir probe technique operating at atmospheric pressure to scrutinize the transformative impact of silica seeding on low-temperature arc plasma. The investigation unveils a dynamic interplay of electrons and ions within the plasma, unveiling key electrical properties. The I–V electrical properties of the arcs plasma before seeding, having a floating voltage of –39 V, demonstrate electron and ion currents for varied probe voltages. The electrons’ density is calculated to be 2.11×1013 m–3, and the electrons’ temperature is at 6.25 eV. The I–V characteristics show a floating potential of about –35 V and –37 V after seeding an arc plasma using silica in the presence of aluminum oxide (2 % by weight) powder and grain, respectively. After seeding, it is discovered that the electron temperature falls to 1.18 eV for powder while 1.16 eV for grain and electron density rises to 2×1016 m–3 for powder and 1.84×1016 m–3 for grain. In addition, a notable fall in electron temperature and a discernible rise in electron density are seen. This non-equilibrium behavior is related to silica’s catalytic function, which is enhanced by the presence of aluminum oxide. Additionally, increased ionizing activity brought on by inelastic electron collisions causes the electron temperatures in the silica-seeded arcs plasma to rise with discharge voltage. These findings can be essential for enhancing plasma-based technologies in a variety of industrial applications because they provide insightful information on how silica seeding affects arc plasma properties
The polynomial forecasts improvement based on the algorithm of optimal polynomial degree selecting
Authors: Turbal Yurii , Shlikhta Ganna , Turbal Mariana , Turbal Bogdan
Published: November 2023

The object of research in the paper is extrapolation problems based on interpolation polynomials. Polynomial-based prediction methods are well known. However, the problem is that such methods often give very large errors in practice. The permissible error of extrapolation even by one grid step is not ensured by the high accuracy of interpolation using polynomials.
The paper proposes an algorithm that allows to significantly improve polynomial forecasts by optimizing the procedure for choosing the power of the polynomial, on the basis of which the forecast is built.
The algorithm is based on the procedure for building all polynomial forecasts according to known data and analysis of these forecasts. In particular, the presence of monotonicity and a tendency to convergence allows determining the optimal degree of the polynomial. In the absence of monotonicity, provided that certain ratios are met, the forecast can be constructed as the arithmetic average of all polynomial forecasts. An important result is the estimation of the error of the forecasting method by averaging polynomial forecasts.
The development of the algorithm became possible due to the use of a special method of constructing a one-step polynomial forecast. The method differs in that it allows to build a forecast without using the cumbersome procedure of calculating the unknown coefficients of the polynomial.
The numerical results presented in the work demonstrate the effectiveness of the forecasting technique based on the average of polynomial forecasts. In particular, for the test functions, the relative error was about 2–5 %, while polynomials of different degrees in the worst case yielded more than 50 %.
The obtained results can be useful for building short-term forecasts of series of economic dynamics, forecasting the behavior of arbitrary processes with a dominant deterministic component
The implementation of accounting information systems on the stock return and financial performance based on information technology (IT)
Authors: Abed Rajaa Ali , Kareem Ahlam Hameed , Jabbar Ali Khazaal , Zwaid Jasim Gshayyish , Hasan Hussein Falah
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the influence of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on stock return and financial performance. When it comes to organizations, AIS play a crucial part in the process of acquiring, processing, and communicating financial information. The efficient functioning of AIS has the potential to impact stock returns and overall financial performance, making it an essential area of research. The study employs a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, empirical data, and statistical techniques to examine the relationship between AIS and stock return as well as financial performance. The findings of this study aim to provide insights into the extent to which AIS influences stock return and financial performance. A positive relationship between a well-functioning AIS and stock return is expected, given the importance of accurate and timely financial information in investors' decision-making process. Financial performance parameters including profitability, efficiency, and liquidity are all expected to benefit from a robust AIS. There are major practical and theoretical ramifications of this study. Companies may benefit from better decisions on AIS improvements, maintenance, and rollout if they have a firm grasp of how AIS affects stock performance and overall financial results. According to the data, the efficacy of the accounting information system based on IT has a P value of –0.009, while its t value is equal to 0.027. According to the findings, the return on assets (ROA) has a P value that is equal to –0.592, while its t value is equal to 0.13. Further, AIS's significance in evaluating a firm's financial health and making investment decisions may be better understood. As a result of analyzing how Accounting Information Systems affect stock return and financial performance, this study adds to the current body of information. The results will enhance our understanding of the role of AIS in shaping investment outcomes and financial success.
Increasing of the accuracy of determining the coordinates of an aerial object in the two-position network of small-sized radars
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Berezhnyi Andrii , Oleksenko Oleksandr , Maliuha Volodymyr , Balyk Ivan , Herda Maksym , Sobora Anatolii , Bridnia Yehor , Chepurnyi Viacheslav , Gridina Valentina
Published: November 2023

The object of research is the process of determining the coordinates of aerial objects by a small-sized radars. The main hypothesis of the study assumes that combining two small-sized radars into a network could improve the accuracy of determining the coordinates of aerial objects.
It was established that when determining the coordinates of an aerial object by a small-sized radars, the accuracy of determining the range is much better than the accuracy of determining the angular coordinate. To eliminate this shortcoming, a two-position network of small-sized radars and their error ellipses was considered. It is proposed to use the range-finding method in each small-sized radar station of the two-position network.
A method for determining the coordinates of aerial objects in a two-position network of small-sized radars has been improved, which, unlike known ones:
– enables a synchronous survey of the airspace by small-sized radars;
– measures the range to the aerial object by two small-sized radars;
– determines the coordinates of the aerial object by the joint processing of radar information from two small-sized radars.
The accuracy of determining the coordinates of aerial objects in a two-position network of small-sized radars was evaluated. The experimental evaluation was carried out by means of simulation using the method of Monte Carlo statistical tests. Working areas of the two-position network of small-sized radars were calculated. It was established that the two-position network of small-radars works only in the area formed by the intersections of the viewing areas of small-sized radars during their autonomous operation.
Devising procedures for design and verification calculations of the beam-wall with edge breaks under static and cyclic loads
Authors: Sokov Valerii , Korostylov Leontii , Shchedrolosiev Oleksandr , Sharun Hryhorii , Klymenkov Serhii
Published: November 2023

This paper considers a thin-walled steel beam-wall with broken edges, which is part of many structures. The wall of this beam consists of two prismatic parts with a straight transition from a lower wall height to a higher one, forming a broken upper edge together with the edges of the prismatic parts. The bottom straight edge of the wall is attached to the cladding.
The beam-wall is affected by static and cyclic nominal loads, which can cause the appearance of elastic-plastic deformations in the stress concentrator. This causes non-fulfillment of static strength and the appearance and growth of fatigue cracks.
In the current work, procedures of design and verification calculation of a steel beam-wall with fractured edges at elastic static and cyclic elastic-plastic deformation in the stress concentrator are proposed. The material of the beam is ideal elastic-plastic.
Features of the procedures are the possibility of optimal design under conditions of elastic and elastic-plastic deformation, using dependences only for optimal elastic design. A distinctive signature of the procedures is that, through Neiber's formula, elastic-plastic characteristics are not determined by known elastic ones, as usual, but vice versa. According to the established dependences for cyclic elastic-plastic deformations in the concentrator, the theoretical concentration coefficient is determined, which, in turn, is involved in determining the optimal geometric parameters.
The procedures give reliable results with nominal symmetrical cyclic loads up to 0.6 of the yield strength. This is because Naber's formula always yields conservative results, causing excess strength.
The procedures can be applied separately for stretching-compression and bending, and with their combined action