bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KINERJA PEGAWAI TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN DI CV MITRA CELULAR PALEMBANG
Authors: Hatidah Hatidah  , Agung Indriansyah
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh Kinerja Pegawai terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan di CV Mitra Celuluar Palembang. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode kuantitatif, yaitu suatu penelitian yang menjelaskan atau menggambarkan sesuatu, yang bertujuan menguji hipotesis yang berkenaan dengan hubungan sebab akibat diantara variable yang diteliti. Sedangkan pengumpulan data dalam metode kuantitatif. dilakukan dengan pendekatan survey. Dari hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: Melalui uji regresi Y = a + bX; Y =8.939 + 0.737 (Kinerja Pegawai). Ini berarti bila Kinerja Pegawai (X) ditingkatkan sebesar 1 point, maka akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan sebesar 0.737. Uji korelasi Kinerja Pegawai (X) sebesar 0,821, artinya bila Kinerja Pegawai ditingkatkan maka akan menghasilkan Kualitas Pelayanan meningkat. Sedangkan melalui koefisien penentu didapat Kinerja Pegawai (X) sebesar 0.588, sehingga variasi peningkatan dan penurunan Kualitas Pelayanan dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel Kinerja Pegawai (X) sebesar 58,8%, dan terlihat faktor-faktor di luar variabel Kinerja Pegawai (X) dan variabel Kualitas Pelayanan (Y) sebesar 41,2%. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis (uji t) didapat nilai t hitung variabel Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 7.694 dan t tabel 1.694, dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, sehingga ada pengaruh antara Kinerja Pegawai dan peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan.
INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND COMPETENCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN A PACKAGING MANUFACTURING COMPANY IN PURWAKARTA
Authors: Neneng Sofiyanti  , Laras Hanan Dhia
Published: March 2023

Kinerja pegawai pada suatu perusahaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi yang baik dan sesuai, dimana Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi yang ada pada perusahaan dapat meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Penjalindo Nusantara – Purwakarta.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan gambaran Budaya Organisasi, Kompetensi, dan Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Penjalindo Nusantara – Purwakarta, serta untuk menguji pengaruh variabel Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi secara parsial dan simultan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Deskriptif dan Verifikatif, yaitu mengumpulkan, menyajikan, menganalisis, dan melakukan pengujian hipotesis, serta membuat kesimpulan dan saran. Sampel dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan Probability Sampling dengan metode Simple Random Sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 111 responden dari populasi 153 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis rentang skala dan analisis jalur dengan bantuan Method of Successve Interval (MSI), Program Komputer Microsoft Excel 2010, dan SPSS versi 16.

Dari hasil analisis data penelitian, diperoleh beberapa kesimpulan bahwa: Budaya Organisasi sebesar 6122 berada pada kriteria Setuju. Kompetensi sebesar 6471 berada pada kriteria setuju. Kinerja Karyawan sebesar 6597 berada pada kriteria setuju. Terdapat Korelasi antara Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi sebesar 0,512 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan yang sedang dan searah karena memiliki nilai yang positif. Terdapat pengaruh parsial antara Budaya Organisasi dan Kinerja Karyawan sebesar 0,181 atau 18,1% dan terdapat pengaruh parsial antara Kompetensi dan Kinerja Karyawan sebesar 0,812 atau 81,2%. Dan terdapat pengaruh simultan antara Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Penjalindo Nusantara – Purwakarta sebesar 0,842 atau 84,2%, adapun sisanya 0,158 atau 15,8% merupakan kontribusi variabel lain (????) yang tidak diteliti.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN TANA TORAJA
Authors: Marinus Ronal  , Albert Agus Massua
Published: March 2023

Regional Financial Performance Analysis is a form of accountability and a manifestation of financial decentralization and authority from the center to the regions. Regions that are able to manage their finances effectively and efficiently are certainly expected to be able to stimulate the economy through budget absorption in productive sectors and their potential so that they will be able to overall increase efficiency, effectiveness and independence. In this study, the ratio analysis of independence, efficiency and effectiveness is used to see how far the Tana Toraja Regency Government is in managing its regional finances. The results of the ratio calculations carried out resulted in an average independence rate of 22% during the research year (2017-2019). While the results of the calculation of the regional financial efficiency ratio are an average of 88% and the results of the calculation of the effectiveness ratio of regional original income reach an average of 71%.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Turnover Intention dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Peran Media si Pemberdayaan Psikologis dan Komitmen Afektif (Studi PadaWs Warung Steak di Karesidenan Surakarta)
Authors: Mega Wandani  , Sinto Sunaryo
Published: March 2023

This study aims to exam ine the effect of transformational leadership on turn over intention and OCB by considering the role of psychological empowerment and   affective commitment. Conducted at WS Warung Steak, this study involved 121  participants.  For the analysis of this study using SEM-PLS w ith SmartPLS version 3.0. The finding of this study is that  transformational  leadership  has  a  significant  negative effect  on  turnover intention. Transformational leadership has a positive effect on employee  OCB behavior. Transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on psychological empowerment. Transformational leadership has a significant positive  effect on affective commitment. Psychological empowerment has a significant  positive  effecton employee OCB behavior. Psychological empowerment has a significant negative effect on turnover intention. Affective  commitment  has  a  positive  and  significant  effect on OCB. OCB behavior of  employees  has a negative  influence  on  turnover  intention. Psychological empowerment mediates the relationship between transformational leadership on employee OCB. Psychological empowerment has been shown to mediate the effect of transformational   leadership on turn over  intention. Affective commitment mediates transformational leadership in OCB . Further research is recommended to develop further research on the relationship of transformational leadership to turnover intention and OCB by considering other variables in order to obtain more in -depth results.
Analisis Sintaksis Terhadap Teks Berita “Aktivitas Pembelajaran Berpengaruh Positif Terhadap Psikologis Anak Korban Gempa” Pada Media Online Republika Terbitan 28 November 2022
Authors: Dian Herdiyanti
Published: March 2023

Berita merupakan salah satu media masyarakat dalam mendapatkan informasi.Dalam penyajiannya berita bisa kita dapatkan dari media cetak, elektronik, maupun media online.dalam berita tentu saja tidak terlepas dari bahasa yang digunakannya, dalam analisis ini digunakan metode kaji morfologi yang digunakan dalam berita berjudul” Aktivitas Pembelajaran Berpengaruh Positif Terhadap Psikologis Anak Korba Gempa Cianjur”. Hasil analis bisa disimpulkan bahasa yang paling digunakan dari segi morfologi adalah Afiks hal tersebut bisa dilihat dari hasil analisi yang menunjukan banyak kata yang menggunakan imbuhan baik di awal, diakhir, maupun di tengah kata dasar.
Strategi Pemasaran Street Food di Jalan Dipatiukur-Dago Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat
Authors: Syah Fitri Oktaviana
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada penjual street food tentang strategi pemasaran dan hal ini sangat penting untuk meningkatkan penjualan suatu produk yang akan dijual. Mengoptimalkan media sosial dan produk yang menarik dapat memperluas penawaran dan menarik perhatian masyarakat luas, terutama Vlogger atau remaja yang gemar kuliner untuk membeli produk yang kita jual. Ini adalah salah satu poin terpenting dalam strategi pemasaran, terutama bagi penjual "Makanan Jalanan". Oleh karena itu, perlu disosialisasikan strategi pemasaran dalam pemasaran dan produk yang akan dipasarkan mengenai bagaimana menggunakan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran dan branding produk. Produk yang dibuat oleh beberapa penjual jajanan di Street Food di kawasan Jalan Dipatiukur Dago, sepertinya tidak semua tempat ramai pengunjung, padahal tempat tersebut sudah ramai dikunjungi pengunjung dan penelitian ini akan berdampak positif bagi para pedagang kaki lima untuk meningkatkan strategi dalam memasarkan produk kita.
Nilai Estetis Pada Puisi “Herman” Karya Sutardji Calzoum Bachri Dengan Pendekatan Stilistika
Authors: Rhezza Pratama Tarigan
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang analisis aspek-aspek yang terdapat pada puisi “Herman” karya Sutardji Calzoum Bachri dengan menggunakan pendekatan Stilistika. Aspek yang dianalisis yaitu gaya bahasa, diksi, majas, dan citraan untuk mengetahui nilai estetis dan menumbuhkan rasa nasional pada kandungan puisi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan Stilistika.
Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Berbantuan E-Learning Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Alvince Adrian  , Anekke Pesik  , Altje S. Pangemanan
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk meneliti hasil belajar siswa yang diajar melalui model project based learning dengan berbantuan e-learning pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dan hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen, sampel yang diteliti yakni kelas X-A yang menjadi kelas eksperimen serta X-B dijadikan kelas kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Tabukan-Tengah pada tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dengan berbentuk pertanyaan  uraian. Teknik dalam mengumpulkan datanya yakni lewat pretest dan posttes pada kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen Dari uji hipotesis melalui statistik uji t  didapatkan dan  dengan taraf nyatanya 0,05 yang berarti terjadi penolakan . Kesimpulannya adalah hasil rata-rata siswa dalam belajar dengan penerapan model project based learning dengan berbantuan e-learning  melebihi rata-rata hasil siswa dalam belajar dengan penerapan model pembelajaran langsung berbantuan  e-learning.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Mahasiswa Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah
Authors: Mutiya Oktariani  , Juli Arianti  , Najdah Thalib  , Prima Lestari Situmorang
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis apakah metode PBL dapat meningkatkan kemampuan HOTS mahasiswa dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode diskusi. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi experimental with non equivalent control group design. Teknik pursposive sampling digunakan dalam pemilihan sampel yaitu kelas Akuntansi Lanjutan A sebagai kelas eksperimen berjumlah 26 orang dan Akuntansi Lanjutan B sebagai kelas kontrol berjumlah 12 orang. Hasil analisis post test menunjukkan bahwa data nilai HOTS siswa terdistribusi secara normal dan homogen sehingga digunakan uji statistik ANNOVA one way. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa variabel metode pembelajaran diperoleh nilai F = 11,101 dan P = 0,002 < 0,05 berarti bahwa untuk uji hipotesis diterima, bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa menggunakan metode problem based learning dengan metode diskusi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode pembelajaran PBL berpengaruh terhadap HOTS mahasiswa.
O PAPEL DA JUVENTUDE RURAL NO FORTALECIMENTO DAS COOPERATIVAS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR
Authors: Silva Eliana Teixeira da , Pereira Geusa da Purificação , Toledo Carla , Carvalho Ginalva Jesus de
Published: March 2023

Buscou-se neste artigo descrever o papel da juventude rural no fortalecimento das cooperativas da agricultura familiar, pontuando seus aspectos históricos, as principais dificuldades e desafios enfrentados por esse público. Nesse intuito, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico em periódicos publicados nas bases de dados nacionais. Através das leituras e análises realizadas, identificou-se informações importantes para compreender os avanços e conquistas do cooperativismo e da agricultura familiar. Como resultado, percebeu-se que o problema do êxodo rural é comum e persistente, envolvendo principalmente os jovens. Tal fato se dá em virtude das questões estruturais e do imaginário social construído em torno do espaço rural como um sinônimo de atraso; pela busca de melhores oportunidades nos espaços urbanos que lhes garantam melhorias socioeconômicas e também pela ausência de políticas públicas de incentivo à permanência destes jovens no meio rural.
 
ABSTRACT: This article aims to describe the role of rural youth in strengthening family farming cooperatives, pointing out their historical aspects, the main difficulties and challenges faced by this audience. To this end, a bibliographic survey was carried out in journals published in national databases. Through the readings and analyzes carried out, important information was identified to understand the advances and achievements of cooperative and family farming. As a result, it was realized that the problem of rural exodus is common and persistent, involving mainly young people. This fact is due to structural issues and the social imaginary built around rural space as a synonym for the delay; by the search for better opportunities in urban spaces that guarantee them socioeconomic improvements and also by the absence of public policies to encourage the permanence of these young people in rural areas.
Keywords: Rural Youth. Family Farming. Cooperatives.
O ARMAZÉM DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA DE SERRINHA: IMPORTÂNCIA E CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A COMERCIALIZAÇÃO NO TERRITÓRIO DO SISAL
Authors: Lima Valterney Ferreira de , Pereira Geusa da Purificação , Farias Rafael Costa Guimarães , Santos Maria Auxiliadora Freitas dos
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT: O presente artigo analisa a importância da criação do Armazém da Agricultura Familiar e Economia Solidária de Serrinha para a comercialização dos produtos da agricultura familiar e fortalecimento da economia solidária no Território do Sisal da Bahia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e levantamento em diferentes sites de notícias sobre a criação, funcionamento e características do Armazém. Inicialmente, realizou-se um levantamento teórico a respeito da economia solidária e agricultura familiar destacando suas origens e importância. Na sequência, discutiu-se os mercados, sua importância e dificuldades de acesso da agricultura familiar, seguido da apresentação dos mercados institucionais e seu potencial para a comercialização dos produtos dessa categoria. Como resultado, concluiu-se que, a criação do Armazém da Agricultura Familiar e Economia Solidária de Serrinha constitui-se um importante espaço para a comercialização dos produtos da agricultura familiar não somente do território, mas também de outras regiões do estado da Bahia, que contribui o para o escoamento de produtos da agricultura familiar e economia solidária e para a geração de trabalho e renda para a agricultura familiar do território e além dele.
ABSTRACT: The present article analyzes the importance of creating the Serrinha Family Farming and Solidarity Economy Warehouse for the commercialization of family farming products and strengthening the solidarity economy in the Sisal Territory of Bahia. It is qualitative research carried out through bibliographical research and survey in different news sites about the creation, operation and characteristics of the Warehouse. Initially, there was a theoretical survey about the solidarity economy and family farming highlighting its origins and importance. Next, markets, their importance and difficulties in accessing family farming were discussed, followed by the presentation of institutional markets and their potential for marketing products in this category. As a result, it was concluded that the creation of the Serrinha Family Agriculture and Solidarity Economy Warehouse constitutes an important space for the commercialization of family agriculture products not only from the territory, but also from other regions of the state of Bahia, contributing for the sale of products from family agriculture and solidarity economy and for the generation of work and income for family agriculture in the territory and beyond.
Keywords: Family farming. Solidarity economy. Warehouse of Family Agriculture.
Violência de gênero no cotidiano de trabalho das profissionais do sexo: revisão integrativa
Authors: Miranda Leticia Ederwas Souza de , Santos Cynthia Silva , Vieira Noely Machado , Almeida Danyella Rodrigues de , Alencar Bianca Teshima de
Published: March 2023

As profissionais do sexo não fogem ao contexto de violência gênero, uma vez que são um público em potencial tanto pela condição feminina quanto pelo preconceito e estigma que carregam pela profissão. Apresentar uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica sobre a violência contra as profissionais do sexo em seu cotidiano de trabalho no período de 2009 a 2018. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica integrativa em bibliotecas eletrônicas científicas, por meio de descritores de saúde. Os descritores utilizados foram: prostituição, mulheres e violência. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de texto completo disponível na integra, publicados em periódicos nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, entre 2009 a 2018. Foram excluídos trabalhos que não se encaixavam nos critérios de elegibilidade. A tendência de publicações sobre violência no cotidiano de trabalho das profissionais do sexo nos anos de 2008 a 2019 prevaleceu o ano de 2012 com três publicações seguidas do ano de 2014 com duas. Foram encontradas quatro publicações no Brasil sobre o tema, duas na América do norte duas na Ásia e duas na África. O tipo de estudo mais utilizado nas pesquisas foi o tipo qualitativo abrangendo 40%. Quanto aos tipos de violências mais sofridas pelas profissionais do sexo, prevaleceram a violência física e sexual em 50% das publicações, em apenas um dos estudos a violência que prevaleceu foi a psicológica. A maioria dos atos violentos foram perpetrados por clientes, porém, não deixam de sofrer violência por parte de policias e donos de bordéis. A pesquisa possibilitou identificar que a violência no cotidiano das profissionais do sexo é comum, uma vez que trabalham em lugares determinantes de atos violentos. Constatou-se que essas mulheres estão sujeitas a violências perpetradas por clientes, que entendem que o fato de estarem pagando pelo programa lhes da o direito até mesmo de agredi-las.
Attirer et retenir les futurs enseignants et enseignantes dans les programmes de formation initiale : le cas d’une région éloignée du Québec
Authors: Sirois Geneviève , Niyubahwe Aline , Bergeron Réal
Published: March 2023

Certaines régions du Québec sont particulièrement touchées par les difficultés liées à l’attraction, au recrutement et à la rétention du personnel enseignant, notamment l’Abitibi-Témiscamingue. Plusieurs causes peuvent expliquer cette pénurie, dont une diminution de la clientèle étudiante observée partout au Québec entre 2015 et 2019 dans les programmes de formation à l’éducation préscolaire et à l’enseignement primaire et secondaire. C’est dans ce contexte qu’a émergé un projet de recherche visant notamment à déterminer les facteurs susceptibles d’attirer et de retenir les futurs enseignantes et enseignants dans les programmes de formation à l’enseignement. Pour documenter ce phénomène, nous avons mobilisé deux cadres de référence : les déterminants du choix de carrière dans la profession enseignante et les variables susceptibles d’influencer l’abandon ou la persévérance dans les études universitaires. Un questionnaire ciblant les étudiantes et étudiants du cégep et de l’université a permis de recueillir des données sur les éléments susceptibles d’influencer leur décision de s’inscrire en formation initiale; des entrevues réalisées avec différentes personnes impliquées dans la formation du futur personnel enseignant permettent de mieux comprendre les motivations des étudiantes et étudiants à choisir ce domaine d’études, mais également les difficultés qu’ils éprouvent et ce qui les incite à poursuivre leur formation.
La rétention d’enseignantes et d’enseignants de français langue seconde au Canada : au-delà d’une stratégie de recrutement
Authors: Wernicke Meike , Masson Mimi , Arnott Stéphanie , Le Bouthillier Josée , Kristmanson Paula
Published: March 2023

Dans le domaine de l’enseignement du français langue seconde au Canada, nous faisons face à une pénurie de longue date. Parmi d’autres études examinant le recrutement et la rétention du personnel enseignant, nous avons mené une étude pancanadienne afin de déterminer les exigences et les lacunes dans la formation initiale et continue en enseignement du français. Dans cet article, nous examinerons dans quelle mesure les composantes de cette formation favorisent ou entravent la rétention du personnel enseignant. Un aperçu des résultats met en relief une forte préoccupation de la part de toutes les personnes participantes par rapport à la rétention du personnel en enseignement du français, avec une attention particulière envers le mentorat. Ces constats divergent de la politique fédérale qui se limite strictement au recrutement, alors qu’un accent sur le mentorat, surtout sous forme de soutiens non officieux1, est nécessaire dès le début de la formation initiale, ainsi que pendant la transition vers le milieu du travail et à travers celui-ci. Nous discuterons des enjeux qui découlent de ces résultats quant aux efforts en cours pour répondre à la pénurie d’enseignantes et d’enseignants en français.
Accompagner la transition vers l’enseignement : transfert des savoirs expérientiels et besoins de soutien du personnel enseignant
Authors: St-Jean Charlaine , Gagné Andréanne , Carpentier Geneviève
Published: March 2023

Cet article concerne une transition professionnelle, celle du personnel éducateur à la petite enfance vers la carrière enseignante à l’éducation préscolaire. La dynamique, entre continuité et rupture, qui marque les transitions entre le métier initial et la nouvelle affectation en enseignement (Perez-Roux, 2011) incite à considérer la manière dont l’expérience antérieure trouve sa place dans la nouvelle carrière. Le transfert des savoirs expérientiels influence la façon dont la personne s’insère et se maintient en emploi. Nous posons la question : comment les savoirs expérientiels construits à l’éducation à la petite enfance se transfèrent-ils en classe de maternelle quatre ans? Des observations en classe ont servi de pont pour accéder aux savoirs expérientiels et de point de départ pour l’entrevue semi-dirigée de cette recherche exploratoire descriptive. En documentant l’influence de ce bagage dans la pratique, avec l’appui des concepts de savoirs expérientiels et de besoins de soutien, les résultats permettent d’orienter l’accompagnement offert en formation initiale (Mukamurera et al., 2019; Vivegnis, 2021). Les pistes avancées visent notamment à assurer une forme de continuité dans la carrière de manière à favoriser une insertion professionnelle harmonieuse en enseignement et, par conséquent, la rétention en emploi, ce qui se traduira par des pratiques enseignantes de qualité.
Résilience et construction de la différence en insertion socioprofessionnelle
Authors: Dalley Phyllis , Lavoie Charlyne , Burke-Saulnier Andrea
Published: March 2023

Parmi les facteurs relevés dans la littérature scientifique pour expliquer l’attrition chez le personnel enseignant se trouvent le rapport du personnel aux élèves, et la présence d’un public et d’un milieu d’enseignement difficiles. Cet article mobilise le concept de résilience et explore le discours de nouveaux membres du corps enseignant au sujet des élèves qu’ils considèrent en difficulté scolaire. Le personnel enseignant interviewé identifie différents types de difficultés scolaires. Les résultats de notre analyse montrent que le personnel enseignant qui reproduit un discours construisant l’enfant en difficulté comme un élève déficitaire au regard d’une norme scolaire exprime également un sentiment d’impuissance à l’égard de sa capacité à lui venir en aide. Ce sentiment se trouve amoindri lorsque l’environnement professionnel du personnel enseignant lui procure un soutien ou des ressources dans le cadre d’une relation d’accompagnement. Cela semble augmenter la capacité du personnel à développer des relations humaines plus saines avec les élèves, et ainsi mieux intégrer à sa pratique une pratique inclusive de la différence.
Le bien-être, un levier pour contrer la pénurie du personnel enseignant ? Points de vue d’actrices et d’acteurs concernés sur les raisons de leur décrochage
Authors: Desmarais Marie-Élaine , Kenny Annie , Carlson Berg Laurie
Published: March 2023

Au Canada, la pénurie de personnel enseignant qualifié pouvant oeuvrer en français a des répercussions non négligeables sur la réussite éducative des élèves. Au-delà des multiples exigences de la profession enseignante pour lesquelles la formation initiale prépare en partie les futurs enseignants et enseignantes, la période d’insertion professionnelle s’avère déterminante quant à la décision de quitter ou de poursuivre une carrière en enseignement. Dans un contexte de pénurie, le décrochage du personnel en poste semble aggraver la pénurie en enseignement. Les enjeux sont particulièrement élevés en contexte linguistique minoritaire. Le personnel enseignant, débutant comme chevronné, accorde une grande importance à la notion de bien-être personnel et professionnel. En effet, il s’agit d’un des éléments phares qui résument les propos tenus lors d’entretiens semi-dirigés auprès d’enseignantes et d’enseignants francophones minoritaires au Canada. Cet article, issu d’une recherche participative et narrative, aborde notamment les divers contextes et raisons énoncés pour expliquer le décrochage professionnel en enseignement comme facteur contribuant à la pénurie. Des conditions favorisant le bien-être du personnel enseignant oeuvrant en milieu francophone et en immersion française au Canada émergent de ces propos.
Context Changes Everything
Authors: Juarrero Alicia
Published: March 2023

From the influential author of Dynamics in Action, how the concepts of constraints provide a way to rethink relationships, opening the way to intentional, meaningful causation.

Grounding her work in the problem of causation, Alicia Juarrerochallenges previously held beliefs that only forceful impacts are causes. Constraints, she claims, bring about effects as well, and they enable the emergence of coherence. In Context Changes Everything, Juarrero shows that coherence is induced by enabling constraints, not forceful causes, and that the resulting coherence is then maintained by constitutive constraints. Constitutive constraints, in turn, become governing constraints that regulate and modulate the way coherent entities behave. Using the tools of complexity science, she offers a rigorously scientific understanding of identity, hierarchy, and top-down causation, and in so doing, presents a new way of thinking about the natural world.

Juarrero argues that personal identity, which has been thought to be conferred through internal traits (essential natures), is grounded in dynamic interdependencies that keep coherent structures whole. This challenges our ideas of identity, as well as the notion that stability means inflexible rigidity. On the contrary, stable entities are brittle and cannot persist. Complexity science, says Juarrero, can shape how we meet the world, how what emerges from our interactions finds coherence, and how humans can shape identities that are robust and resilient. This framework has significant implications for sociology, economics, political theory, business, and knowledge management, as well as psychology, religion, and theology. It points to a more expansive and synthetic philosophy about who we are and about the coherence of living and nonliving things alike.
Antidepressant effects of capsaicin in rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression
Authors: Lim Jae Ock , Kim Min Ji , Bae Jun Beom , Jeon Chan Hyeok , Han Jae Hyeon , Sim Tae Hyeok , Kim Youn Jung
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the antidepressant effects of capsaicin in chronic depressive rats and elucidate the mechanism underlying its effects.Methods: Male Wistar rats (280~320 g, 8 weeks of age) were subjected to depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stresses. The rats were exposed to 8 kinds of stresses for 8 weeks. In the last 2 weeks, fluoxetine or capsaicin was injected subcutaneously. The dose of fluoxetine was 10 mg/kg (body weight), while the doses of capsaicin consisted of low (1 mg/kg), middle (5 mg/kg), and high (10 mg/kg). The forced swim test (FST) was conducted to evaluate the immobility time of rats. The immobility time indicates despair, one of symptoms of depression. The change of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the dorsal raphe was investigated using immunohistochemistry. In the hippocampus cornu ammonis (CA) 1 and 3, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression was measured.Results: The immobility time in the FST was significantly lower (p < .05) in the low-dose (M = 32.40 ± 13.41 seconds) and middle-dose (M = 28.48 ± 19.57 seconds) groups than in the non-treated depressive rats (M = 90.19 ± 45.34 seconds). The amount of TPH in the dorsal raphe was significantly higher (p < .05) in the middle-dose (M = 249.17 ± 35.02) and high-dose (M = 251.0 ± 56.85) groups than in the non-treated depressive rats (M = 159.78 ± 41.16). However, GR expression in the hippocampus CA1 and CA3 did not show significant differences between the non-treated depressive rats and the capsaicin-injected rats.Conclusion: This study suggests that capsaicin produces an antidepressant-like effect on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in rats via the serotonin biosynthesis pathway.
The experiences of patients with tinnitus: a qualitative study
Authors: Kang Kyonghwa , Lee Seung Hee , Lee Hyunjung
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Tinnitus, which is often described as the conscious awareness of a sound without an external auditory stimulus, is one of the most common symptoms in the general population. This study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals living with tinnitus.Methods: In this qualitative exploratory study, data were collected from November 2017 to January 2018 through in-depth individual interviews with 11 tinnitus patients. Verbatim transcripts and field notes were analyzed using content analysis.Results: The extracted content was classified into three core categories of tinnitus experiences: “suffering from constant sound,” “being imprisoned surrounded by persistent noise,” and “efforts to overcome.”Conclusion: This study shows that tinnitus had a severe negative impact on patients’ lives. The finding will help healthcare providers understand their patients more deeply.
Effects of gene-lifestyle environment interactions on type 2 diabetes mellitus development: an analysis using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study data
Authors: Hyun Sujin , Jun Sangeun
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study focused on identifying the interaction effects of genetic and lifestyle-environmental factors on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Methods: Study subjects were selected from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) from 2001 to 2014. Data on genetic variations, anthropometric measurements, biochemical data, and seven lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, alcohol drinking, smoking, sleep, depression, and stress) were obtained from 4,836 Koreans aged between 40 and 59 years, including those with T2D at baseline (n = 1,209), newly developed T2D (n= 1,298) and verified controls (n = 3,538). The genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by using 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to T2D development and the second quartile was used as the reference category. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the associations of GRS and lifestyle factors with T2D risk, controlling for covariates.Results: Multivariate regression analysis revealed that GRS was the strongest risk factor for T2D, and body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, and spicy food preference also increased the risk. Lifestyle/environmental factors that showed significant interactions with GRS were BMI, current smoking, current drinking, fatty food preference, and spicy food preference. Conclusions: Interactions between genetic factors and lifestyle/environmental factors were associated with an increased risk of T2D. The results will be useful to provide a new perspective on genetic profiling for the earlier detection of T2D risk and clues for personalized interventions, which might be more effective prevention strategies or therapies in individuals with a genetic predisposition to T2D.
Phytochemicals, Antioxidants and Glycemic Index Assessment of Lablab purpureus (Lablab Bean) and Phaseolus lunatus (Lima Bean) Seeds
Authors: Adekunle Amoo, Isiaka , Mary Balogun, Temitayo , Ukamaka Ibeto, Augustina , Olubunmi Adeboye, Omolara
Published: March 2023

Some legumes are commonly used as commercial food crops in West Africa while others are lesser known, neglected or underutilized. This research work is aimed at the evaluation of the chemical compositions and possible utilization of the legume Lablab purpureus and Phaseolus lunatus samples to solve metabolic diseases.  The evaluation of the chemical compositions and glycemic index (GI) of both seeds were carried out using standard methods. Phytochemical screening conducted on the seeds showed the presence of tannin, saponin, alkaloid and flavonoids in both samples. The results of antioxidant properties of the seeds showed that Phaseolu slunatus and Lablab purpureushave Vitamin C (35.01 ± 0.02 and8.75± 0.03)mg/g, ferric reducing property (20.54 ± 0.02and 12.75 ± 0.03)mg/g, phenol (2.02 ± 0.02 and 2.05 ± 0.02)mg/g, flavonoids (3.47 ± 0.11 and3.22 ± 0.02) % andfree radical scavenging property (46.52 ±0.05 and 60.16 ±0.32)% respectively.The anti-nutrient results showed tannin (1.07 ± 0.01 and 1.22 ± 0.02)%, saponin (4.66 ± 0.05 and 5.15 5.15 ± 0.05)%, oxalate (3.20 ± 0.19 and 5.19 ± 0.19)mg/g, phytate(6.51 ± 0.01 and 2.64 ± 0.01) % for Lablab purpureus and Phaseoluslunatusseeds are respectively.The glycemic indices observed are ( 50.86 and 58.21)% forLablab purpureus and Phaseoluslunatusseeds respectively. The findings revealed that both seeds possessed good nutritional quality required in human diet together with adequate antioxidant properties plus low and medium glycemic indices  that could help in fighting various cardiovascular diseases and prove them to be good sources of neutraceuticals required for a healthy living especially in diabetic patients.
The Role of India towards Economic-Growth and Development of BRICS Member Countries
Authors: Singh Deepali
Published: March 2023

BRICS is one of the Membership Based Organisations which encompasses Brazil, Russia, India China and South Africa accordingly. Thus, the Acronym BRICS entails the initial of the aforementioned countries who come together thereby contributing economic quota by each member in order to accomplished certain goals and objectives. This paper explored the roles of India as a member country towards enhancing the economic growth and development of member states. In an attempt to do so, the paper employed Theory of International Economic Cooperation in its Theoretical Framework of Analysis. Notwithstanding, the paper adopted Content analysis otherwise known as documentary analysis in its methods of data collection. However, statistical data were collected, presented and analysed for empirical purposes. The paper concluded that, the role played by the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India which coordinated a Joint BRICS Study on the “State of World Economy and the Role of the BRICS countries has yielded a great impact on economic growth and development of the member countries.
Effect of Liquid Jeevamrutha on Growth Yield and Quality of China Aster (Callistephus chinensis [L.] Nees.)
Authors: Hegde Bhagyashree Narayana , Mastiholi Anand B. , Patil B. C. , Thammaiah N. , Shantappa T. , Patil Rudragouda , Patil Suvarna
Published: March 2023

The experiment on “Effect of liquid jeevamrutha on growth yield and quality of China aster (Callistephus chinensis [L.] Nees.)” was carried at Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, K. R. C. College of Horticulture, Arabhavi. Among all the treatments, application of liquid jeevamrutha at 1500 liter per hectare at an interval of 7 days (D3F1) was recorded significantly higher plant height (47.98 cm and 58.78 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively), plant spread (N-S) i.e., 17.90 26.35 and 31.31 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively, plant spread (E-W) i.e., 27.10 and 30.35 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively, number of primary branches (7.45 and 10.28 at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively), number of flowers per plant (38.42), flower yield (111.39 g/plant, 5.41 kg/plot and 8.06 t/ha, respectively), flower diameter (5.76 cm), individual flower weight (3.04 g), shelf life (3.43 days) and vase life (8.79 days)  in pooled data.
Milton Loch Crannog I. A native house of the 2nd century AD in Kirkcudbrightshire
Authors: Piggott Cecily Margaret , Knox Elizabeth , Helbaek Hans
Published: March 2023

The excavation of this Iron Age site reveals the structure of the crannog as well as uncovering several finds that contribute to the understanding of the domestic and agricultural lives of the people who lived here. The article also includes some speculation about how much contact the owners of the crannog had with the Romans, based on the presence of a bronze ornament from central Europe found at the site. Appendices include information on the botanical composition of the peat from the loch and the charcoal and seeds found in the hearth.
Performance of the European Society of Cardiology 0/1-Hour Algorithm With High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Among Patients With Known Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ashburn Nicklaus P. , Snavely Anna C. , O’Neill James C. , Allen Brandon R. , Christenson Robert H. , Madsen Troy , Massoomi Michael R. , McCord James K. , Mumma Bryn E. , Nowak Richard , Stopyra Jason P. , in’t Veld Maite Huis , Wilkerson R. Gentry , Mahler Simon A.
Published: March 2023

Importance

The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/1-hour algorithm is a validated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) protocol for emergency department patients with possible acute coronary syndrome. However, limited data exist regarding its performance in patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD; prior myocardial infarction [MI], coronary revascularization, or ≥70% coronary stenosis).

Objective

To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of the ESC 0/1-hour algorithm for 30-day cardiac death or MI among patients with and without known CAD and determine if the algorithm could achieve the negative predictive value rule-out threshold of 99% or higher.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a preplanned subgroup analysis of the STOP-CP prospective multisite cohort study, which was conducted from January 25, 2017, through September 6, 2018, at 8 emergency departments in the US. Patients 21 years or older with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation on initial electrocardiogram were included. Analysis took place between February and December 2022.

Interventions/Exposures

Participants with 0- and 1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) measures were stratified into rule-out, observation, and rule-in zones using the ESC 0/1-hour hs-cTnT algorithm.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Cardiac death or MI at 30 days determined by expert adjudicators.

Results

During the study period, 1430 patients were accrued. In the cohort, 775 individuals (54.2%) were male, 826 (57.8%) were White, and the mean (SD) age was 57.6 (12.8) years. At 30 days, cardiac death or MI occurred in 183 participants (12.8%). Known CAD was present in 449 (31.4%). Among patients with known CAD, the ESC 0/1-hour algorithm classified 178 of 449 (39.6%) into the rule-out zone compared with 648 of 981 (66.1%) without CAD (P < .001). Among rule-out zone patients, 30-day cardiac death or MI occurred in 6 of 178 patients (3.4%) with known CAD and 7 of 648 (1.1%) without CAD (P < .001). The negative predictive value for 30-day cardiac death or MI was 96.6% (95% CI, 92.8-98.8) among patients with known CAD and 98.9% (95% CI, 97.8-99.6) in patients without known CAD (P = .04).

Conclusions and Relevance

Among patients with known CAD, the ESC 0/1-hour hs-cTnT algorithm was unable to safely exclude 30-day cardiac death or MI. This suggests that clinicians should be cautious if using the algorithm in patients with known CAD. The negative predictive value was significantly higher in patients without a history of CAD but remained less than 99%.
Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population
Authors: Mostaghimi Arash , Gao Wei , Ray Markqayne , Bartolome Lauren , Wang Travis , Carley Christopher , Done Nicolae , Swallow Elyse
Published: March 2023

Importance

Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by nonscarring hair loss of the scalp, face, and/or body. Alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) involve complete loss of the scalp and body hair, respectively. The epidemiology of AA in the US remains unclear, having previously been extrapolated from older studies that were limited to specific geographic areas or clinical settings, or from self-reported data.

Objective

To estimate the annual prevalence and incidence of AA and AT and/or AU (AT/AU) in the US.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019 and included enrollees in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental databases and their dependents, with plan enrollment during each study calendar year and the year prior.

Exposures

Prevalent cases were identified by 1 or more claims for AA or AT/AU (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-10-CM]codes L63.x, L63.0, L63.1) during each year of interest or the year prior. Incident cases were identified by 1 or more claims for AA or AT/AU during a specific year and no diagnosis the year prior.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Annual incidence and prevalence rates were calculated and stratified by age, sex, and region. National employer-sponsored insurance population estimates were obtained using population-based weights.

Results

Among eligible patients (2016: n = 18 368 [mean (SD) age, 40.6 (17.9) years; 12 295 women (66.9%)]; 2017: n = 14 372 [mean (SD) age, 39.6 (17.7) years; 9195 women (64.0%)]; 2018: n = 14 231 [mean (SD) age, 38.9 (17.3) years; 8998 women (63.2%)]; 2019: n = 13 455 [mean (SD) age, 39.1 (17.4) years; 8322 women (61.9%)]), AA prevalence increased from 0.199% (95% CI, 0.198%-0.200%) in 2016 to 0.222% (95% CI, 0.221%-0.223%) in 2019. Roughly 5% to 10% of prevalent and incident cases of AA were AT/AU. The prevalence of AT/AU increased from 0.012% (95% CI, 0.012%-0.013%) to 0.019% (95% CI, 0.018%-0.019%) from 2016 to 2019. Incidence of AA per 100 000 person-years ranged from 87.39 (95% CI, 86.84-87.96) in 2017 to 92.90 (95% CI, 92.35-93.45) in 2019. Incidence of AT/AU ranged from 7.09 (95% CI, 6.94-7.25) in 2017 to 8.92 (95% CI, 8.75-9.09) in 2016. Prevalence and incidence of AA and AT/AU were higher among female vs male individuals, adults vs children and adolescents, and in the Northeast vs other regions.

Conclusions and Relevance

The results of this cohort study suggest that these recent AA prevalence and incidence estimates could help improve current understanding of the disease burden. Further research is warranted to elucidate subpopulation differences and trends in AA in the broader US population.
Operative Outcomes of Women Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in the US, 2011 to 2020
Authors: Gaudino Mario , Chadow David , Rahouma Mohamed , Soletti Giovanni Jr , Sandner Sigrid , Perezgrovas-Olaria Roberto , Audisio Katia , Cancelli Gianmarco , Bratton Brenden A. , Fremes Stephen , Kurlansky Paul , Girardi Leonard , Habib Robert H.
Published: March 2023

Importance

It has been reported that women undergoing coronary artery bypass have higher mortality and morbidity compared with men but it is unclear if the difference has decreased over the last decade.

Objective

To evaluate trends in outcomes of women undergoing coronary artery bypass in the US from 2011 to 2020.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study at hospitals contributing to the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons included 1 297 204 patients who underwent primary isolated coronary artery bypass from 2011 to 2020.

Exposure

Coronary artery bypass.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was operative mortality. The secondary outcome was the composite of operative mortality and morbidity (including operative mortality, stroke, kidney failure, reoperation, deep sternal wound infection, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and prolonged hospital stay). The attributable risk (the association of female sex with coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes) for the primary and secondary outcomes was calculated.

Results

Between 2011 and 2020, 1 297 204 patients underwent primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting with a mean age of 66.0 years, 317 716 of which were women (24.5%). Women had a higher unadjusted operative mortality (2.8%; 95% CI, 2.8-2.9 vs 1.7%; 95% CI, 1.7-1.7; P < .001) and overall unadjusted incidence of the composite of operative mortality and morbidity compared with men (22.9%; 95% CI, 22.7-23.0 vs 16.7%; 95% CI, 16.6-16.8; P < .001). The attributable risk of female sex for operative mortality varied from 1.28 in 2011 to 1.41 in 2020, with no significant change over the study period (P for trend = 0.38). The attributable risk for the composite of operative mortality and morbidity was 1.08 in both 2011 and 2020 with no significant change over the study period (P for trend = 0.71).

Conclusions and Relevance

Women remain at significantly higher risk for adverse outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting and no significant improvement has been seen over the course of the last decade. Further investigation into the determinants of operative outcomes in women is urgently needed.
First‐Principles Calculations and a Theoretical Model for Predicting Stacking Fault Energies in Binary Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Qiu Qiwen , Song Jun
Published: March 2023

Comprehensive first‐principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to study the effects of solutes on the stacking fault energies (SFEs) for basal, prismatic, and pyramidal slip systems in binary magnesium alloys. The two main aspects prescribing the solute effect on SFE are elucidated to be mechanical and electronic in nature, respectively, and critically assessed. On the basis of the misfit volume and d‐electrons, these two aspects are then quantified and subsequently a predictive model of the solute effect on the SFE is developed, with good agreement achieved between the model prediction and DFT results. Herein, important mechanistic insights and predictivity critical for rational design of Mg alloys of enhanced mechanical properties are provided.