bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRÉ-NATAL NA PREVENÇÃO DE COMPLICAÇÕES DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO
Authors: Ruas João Victor Dias , Silva Lucília da Costa , Martins Tayane Moura , Barboza Ana Clara Farias , Ribeiro Lucas Mazzini , Costa Gleyciane Bezerra da , Defavari Alex Henrique , Lassala Juliana Rodrigues , Santana Thamirys Oliveira , Cavalcante Luciane Mari Brito , Maia Thiago Viana , Sobrinho Pablo Vinicius Moraes de Sousa , Araujo Thayse da Silva , Santos Daniele Maria dos
Published: January 2024

Analisar por meio das evidências cientificas a importância do pré-natal na prevenção de complicações durante a gestação. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de caráter qualitativo. A busca dos trabalhos envolvidos na pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, a partir dos descritores em ciências da saúde: “Gravidez”, “Pré-natal” e “Prevenção”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: publicados no período entre 2014 e 2024, cujo acesso ao periódico era livre aos textos completos, artigos em idioma português, inglês e espanhol e relacionados a temática. Critérios de exclusão foram: artigos duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates, artigos publicados em anais de eventos e indisponíveis na íntegra. Resultados: Além dessas atividades e do diagnóstico precoce no pré-natal é possível a realização do tratamento intra-uterino que possibilita uma avaliação adequado do bebê. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o pré-natal é a principal estratégia para a prevenção de complicações de saúde durante a gestação, sendo realizada com mais frequência na atenção primária.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON ANDROID BY USING ARTICULATE STORYLINE 3 APPS
Authors: Uzmi Almira Humaira , Roza Veni , Reflinda Reflinda , Syahrul Syahrul
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted in response to the challenges encountered by students in learning English within an academic context. The identified issues included a lack of interactive learning resources, difficulties in comprehending English materials, limited opportunities for practice, and time constraints within the classroom. Consequently, the aim of this research was to develop an Android-based English interactive learning app using the Articulate Storyline 3 application, specifically tailored to support students in an academic setting.The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) methodology, utilizing the 4-D (four-D) version and following the Luther-Sutopo model for system development. The target population consisted of seventh-grade students at SMPIT Al-Fityah Pekanbaru, with a sample size of thirty students. Data were collected through questionnaires and a pretest-posttest procedure. Statistical analysis involved the utilization of Aiken's V formula, the Moment Kappa formula, and the t-test formula. The study yielded three key results. Firstly, the validity test demonstrated a high validity score of 0.88, indicating the reliability and appropriateness of the developed learning app for its intended academic purposes. Secondly, the practicality test produced a score of 0.98, indicating that the learning app was practical and feasible to be used within the academic teaching and learning process. Lastly, the effectiveness test revealed a significant improvement, with a two-tailed significance score of 0.00, which was smaller than the significance level of 0.005. This indicates that the learning app was highly effective in facilitating the academic teaching and learning process. Based on the results of the three tests, it can be concluded that the developed app provides a valuable tool for both teachers and students in the academic English learning process.
ОБЛАЧНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ: ПОНЯТИЕ, ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА И СФЕРЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Authors: Алаудинов Б.Р. , Алаудинов А.Р. , Халиев М.С.-У.
Published: January 2024

Появившиеся еще в начале 2000-х облачные технологии стали неотъемлемой частью практически любой информационной инфраструктуры. Эта технология задействована практически во всех сферах деятельности, начиная с обычных интернет-пользователей и заканчивая крупными корпорациями. Это удобный инструмент, позволяющий работать в режиме реального времени без необходимости использования ресурсоемких физических носителей. В статье мы рассмотрим понятие «облачные технологии», почему эта технология настолько востребована и в каких именно областях она задействована.
ПЬЕЗОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИЙ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СФЕРАХ
Authors: Хамбулатов С.С. , Акаев А.А. , Алиев И.М.
Published: January 2024

В данной работе рассмотрены основные понятия и определение пьезоэлектрических преобразователей. Приведено схематическое представление работы пьезоэлектрического преобразователя и принцип его работы. Рассмотрено применение пьезоэлектрических преобразователей, типы преобразователей на основе принципа действия пьезоэлектрического эффекта, который является важным составляющим в использовании таких датчиков, как датчик давления, механический датчик и датчики деформации. Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки пьезоэлектрических преобразователей.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ARCTIC ZONE IN THE PERIOD 2014–2022
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Apatity, Russia, Toichkina Valentina P.
Published: January 2024

The article examines the demographic processes of the regions whose territories are fully included in the Arctic (Murmansk region, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo- Nenets Autonomous Okrug) from 2014, from the year the land territories of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation were determined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, to 2022. The study was conducted as a whole for the period 2014-2022, including three three-year periods 2014-2016, 2017-2019, 2020-2022. in two directions 1) dynamics of changes in the number of the regions permanent population, taking into account recalculation from the results of the All-Russian Population Census - 2020 (VPN-2020); 2) dynamics of changes in the general characteristics of the population natural reproduction. The study determined: changes in the size of the permanent population of the regions by components; structure for recalculating the dynamics of changes in the permanent population of regions from the results of the VPN - 2020; trends in the processes of natural reproduction of the population of the regions as a whole for the period 2014-2022, including three three-year periods 2014-2016, 2017-2019; 2020-2022. Positive periods of the population natural reproduction processes development in the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation have been defined.
THE ROLE OF AUTHORIZED AGENCIES IN THE BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURE OF INSOLVENT ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Krichevsky Evgeniy N. ,   Department of Cameral Control of the Federal Tax Service of Russia, Ryakhovsky Dmitry I. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes some features of the legal position of the Federal Tax Service of Russia in the bankruptcy procedure of legal entities, which acts as an authorized body to ensure the interests of the Russian Federation as a creditor. As a result of the study, some aspects of the low efficiency of the functioning of the institute of bankruptcy were revealed the functioning of the institute of bankruptcy in the Russian Federation, the priority directions for improving the institute of bankruptcy are substantiated in order to maintain a balance of interests of participants in the bankruptcy procedure. The implementation of the proposed priority directions will make it possible to identify circumstances that negatively affect the effectiveness of tax administration in the bankruptcy process of business entities, increase the level of confidence in the Federal Tax Service of Russia as an authorized body in the bankruptcy procedure and in the institution of bankruptcy as a whole. This step will minimize the number of cases on resolving disagreements between participants in bankruptcy cases in terms of taxation, as well as narrow the “gray” field in the field of bankruptcy of organizations. To date, bankruptcy has become a macroeconomic factor that has a significant impact on a significant part of the country’s economy.
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE AND PLACE OF INDIVIDUALS INCOME TAX IN THE INCOME OF THE CONSOLIDATED BUDGET OF THE RF
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Finance, Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Bisultanov Amir N. , Morgoeva Alina K. ,   FGBOU HE “North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov”, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation, Badrieva Amina Ch. ,   FGBOU HE “North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov”, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the issues of assessing and analyzing the role of personal income tax in the structure of consolidated budget revenues. The relevance of these issues is due to the need to transform social inequalities, which in the Russian Federation amount to 13% as of 2023. The issue of social inequality stimulates the growth of the state’s economy: GDP increases and the income gap decreases. One of the levers of influence on these economic processes is personal income tax. This payment ensures a balance of economic efficiency and a reduction in social inequality, in particular, in the context of federal districts.
THE EVOLUTION OF ONLINE SHOPPING AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Technical University, Voevodina Elena I. , Burykin Alexey D. ,   Academy of Labor and Social Relations
Published: January 2024

This article is a study of the dynamics of changes in the field of online trading and the impact of these transformations on consumer choice and expectations. Tracing the evolution of online stores from their inception to current trends, the article examines key development stages, technological innovations and changes in business models. Particular attention is paid to the impact of online commerce on purchasing behavior, including changes in preferences, the level of consumer awareness and their attitude towards online shopping. The authors examine what factors are shaping the modern online retail landscape, including the use of technology, the development of marketing strategies, and the implementation of personalized approaches. Ultimately, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of online shopping and its impact on the expectations and preferences of modern consumers.
THE PROBLEM OF STRATEGIC PLANNING OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF THE REGION
Authors:   Moscow Financial and Law University, Moscow, Russia, Gamidov Lazer Sh. , Zaripova Rimma S. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russia, Akhmetshin Dinar A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
Published: January 2024

Strategic planning plays a significant role in ensuring sustainable development of agriculture in the region. The article considers the aspects of strategic planning of development of the agrarian sector of the region. Strategic planning of the agrarian sector development at the regional level should ensure its progressive development and form prerequisites for self-sufficiency in agricultural products.
Neue und alte Bilder von Lernenden. Deutschdidaktik im Zeichen der kognitiven Wende
Authors: Spinner Kaspar H.
Published: January 2024

Im Gegensatz zum lange Zeit vorherrschenden Behaviorismus richtet die heutige kognitivistische Lernpsychologie den Blick auf die konstruktive innere Tätigkeit der Lernenden. Aus dieser Sichtweise ergeben sich Konsequenzen für Zielsetzungen und Methoden im Deutschunterricht. Perspektivenübernahme und Metakognition erweisen sich als grundlegende Fähigkeiten, die im Deutschunterricht entfaltet werden. Lehrenden ist die Aufgabe gestellt, die innere Aktivität der Lernenden zu stimulieren, also nicht einfach Regeln, Merkmale und Kategorisierungen vorzusetzen. Individuelle Lernwege müssen gestützt, kognitive und emotionale Prozesse aufeinander bezogen und Lernergebnisse auch da geachtet werden, wo sie sich der direkten Beobachtung entziehen.
Business and Visualization
Authors: Zhana Tolordava Zhana Tolordava
Published: January 2024

In present days higher education institutions should be introducing new approaches to teaching, providing the opportunity for students to develop their professional, communicative and creative skills.
In the conditions of the global economy, the main task of universities is to prepare a generation of professionals who will be able to manage the transformed world and the permanent changes that are going on there. That is why universities should take seriously the preparation of professionals of new formation, especially in the fields of management, world economy, and international business, so that university graduates can adapt to the changing world. Visualization is one of the effective tools in this direction.
Visualization (Lat. visualis) is a technique of representation of digital information or physical events, which allows for their visual observation and analysis in a convenient form. To some extent, this enables us to experience indirectly the outcome we want to achieve.
Keywords: visualization, video training, video cases, videotapes of illustrative and thematic content, foresight.
Участь стейкхолдерів у процесі підготовки фахових молодших бакалаврів за спеціальністю 192 «Будівництво та цивільна інженерія» (на прикладі ВСП «Рівненський технічний фаховий коледж Національного університету водного господарства та природокористуванн
Authors: Яцков Микола , Осадча Лариса , Мінаєва Наталія , Ткачук Людмила
Published: January 2024

У статті висвітлено питання співпраці Відокремленого структурного підрозділу «Рівненський технічний фаховий коледж Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування» зі стейкхолдерами. Зазначено, що ефективність освітнього процесу залежить від урахування закладом освіти інтересів усіх зацікавлених осіб та його здатності до взаємодії зі стейкхолдерами в зовнішньому та внутрішньому освітньому середовищі. Визначено основні напрями щодо реалізації стейкхолдерського підходу у процесі підготовки фахівців зі спеціальності 192 «Будівництво та цивільна інженерія».

Наведено перелік основних стейкхолдерів, з якими співпрацює заклад. Висвітлено питання міжнародної співпраці між означеним вище коледжем та німецькими освітніми й робітничими закладами у сфері дуальної освіти, що дало змогу впровадити таку форму здобуття фахової передвищої та вищої освіти. Схарактеризовано дуальну форму як відносно новий спосіб здобуття освіти, що передбачає поєднання навчання в закладах освіти та в інших суб’єктах освітньої діяльності з навчанням на робочих місцях з метою оволодіння програмними результатами, поглиблення практичних умінь і навичок та набуття певної кваліфікації.
Efficacy of Some Fungicides in Parasite Suppression on Poplar Leaves (Marssonina brunnea (Ell. et Ev.) P. Magn. and Melampsora spp.
Authors: Pap Predrag , Lazarev Vladimir , Marcović Miroslav
Published: January 2024

The efficacy of fungicides in suppression of diseases caused by Marssonina brunnea (Ell. et Ev.) P. Magn. and Melampsora spp. on poplar leaves is presented in this paper. The suppression was performed using three newer fungicides, which have not been studied in suppression of mentioned diseases in Serbia as yet (products Quadris, Equation Pro WG and Perfit). Also, the Copper lime 50 was used as test fungicide, whose efficacy was established previously by numerous authors. During biennial research in stoolbeds of clones Pannonia (Populus x euramericana) and S 6-36 (Populus deltoides), satisfactory results were obtained for suppression of both fungus Marssonina brunnea and Melampsora spp. using Quadris and Copper lime 50, while fungicides Equation Pro WG and Perfit showed significantly lower activity. This conclusion was based on the average number of acervules, i.e. uredosoruses per cm² leaf surface, formed on treated plants. During both years, no significant differences were found between treated and untreated 1-year-old plants in diameter and height increment.
Chestnut Blight and its Biological Control in the Sopron Hills, Hungary
Authors: Vidóczi Henriett , Varga Mária , Szabó Ilona
Published: January 2024

The distribution of chestnut blight caused by Cryphonectria parasitica was surveyed in the forests of Sopron Hills. The infection rate was different in the forest subcompartments ranging up to 35%. Six vegetative compatibility types were detected, two of them were wide spread and present all of the hills. Converted hypovirulent strains were tested for practical control of the disease. More than 90% of the treated trees healed in eight years after the inoculation in the experimental plot.
New Reports of Dothistroma Needle Blight in Eurasian Countries
Authors: Barnes Irene , Kirisits Thomas , Akulov Alexander , Chhetri D. B. , Wingfield Michael J. , Bulgakov Timur , Wingfield Brenda D.
Published: January 2024

One of the most serious needle diseases that affect pines (Pinus spp.) is Dothistroma needle blight (DNB). Two species of fungi are responsible for causing this disease (Barnes et al. 2004). These are Dothistroma septosporum (teleomorph: Mycosphaerella pini) that has a worldwide distribution and infects a wide range of Pinus spp. and D. pini (teleomorph unknown), which has thus far been reported only from the North-Central U.S.A. on the non-native Pinus nigra (Barnes et al. 2004). In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of reports of DNB from new hosts and new geographic regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Bradshaw 2004, Bednárová et al. 2006). Moreover, there has been an increase in the intensity of this disease in some parts of Europe and North America (Koltay 2001, Aumonier 2002, Brown et al. 2003, Jankovský et al. 2004, Woods et al. 2005).
Voicing Philippines and Indonesian Students' Needs of Automated Written Corrective Feedback in EFL Writing Classrooms
Authors: Herda Rozanah Katrina , Principe Regine Aguilar , Travero Arnel S. , Pratama Harahap Muhammad Fadhly , Viantika Salma , Hamidi Mohammad Arif
Published: January 2024

In EFL writing classrooms, students learning L2 need correction or feedback for their writing. However, the teachers' limitation in time management becomes one of the reasons students can not gain detailed feedback. In line with that, the growth of the digital platform in the 21st-century learning era brings a thought that corrective feedback for L2 writing can be accessed and gained through automated written corrective feedback (AWCF) to ease students' learning and improve their writing ability. This quantitative study aimed at revealing students' need for automated written corrective feedback. The participants of this study were 532 students from the Philippines and Indonesia. The questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed using the SPSS version 25 to know the percentage and descriptive statistics. The study's findings revealed that students from two states need technology tools to provide written corrective feedback to improve their writing proficiency in the L2 context while solving their problems of vocabulary and grammar limitations. Furthermore, the feedback can grow their confidence to provide L2 writing. The findings of the student's needs can be used as the basis for creating ideal writing scenarios.
A criptografia no ensino de matrizes na Educação Básica
Authors: Ferreira Sávio dos Reis , Arruda Suellen Cristina Queiroz
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho propõe uma alternativa metodológica ao ensino de matrizes baseada na utilização da criptografia, possibilitando uma abordagem diferenciada das comumente aplicadas em sala de aula. A partir dos processos de codificação e decodificação de mensagens, buscou-se proporcionar um ensino contextualizado de matrizes aos alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Médio da rede pública de ensino, no município de Belém/PA. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa utilizou um questionário avaliativo da oficina matemática desenvolvida na escola. Os resultados mostram que a aplicação da criptografia auxilia no entendimento dos conceitos básicos de matrizes de uma forma dinâmica e interessante.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Program Lumbung Pangan Padi Organik
Authors: Deri Efendi Dede , Hilma Meilani Ema , Tsani Ashrul
Published: January 2024

Empowerment is an effort to build potential by motivating and raising awareness, the purpose of empowerment to create social change in the community. A society is a large number of people who live within the same territory and form a group. Farmer groups are a form of social because they can be used as a place for teaching and learning. Sari Alam farmer group is an agricultural institution with the aim of developing skills in organic rice cultivation. This study aims to describe the process of empowerment and income comparison before and after receiving the organic rice cultivation food barn program in the Sari Alam farmer group. The research method used is a descriptive method of survey type. Data collection in this study is primary and secondary data. The sampling technique used is Purposive sampling. The design of the analysis uses descriptive with average retrieval and revenue analysis. The results of the community empowerment research aim to increase the capacity and quality of farmers to grow and develop into empowered, independent and prosperous farmers in terms of the comparison of income results in rice cultivation.
Various Bounds on the Minimum Number of Arcs in a $k$-Dicritical Digraph
Authors: Aboulker Pierre , Vermande Quentin
Published: January 2024

The dichromatic number $\vec{\chi}(G)$ of a digraph $G$ is the least integer $k$ such that $G$ can be partitioned into $k$ acyclic digraphs. A digraph is $k$-dicritical if $\vec{\chi}(G) = k$ and each proper subgraph $H$ of $G$ satisfies $\vec{\chi}(H) \leq k-1$.

We prove various bounds on the minimum number of arcs in a $k$-dicritical digraph, a structural result on $k$-dicritical digraphs and a result on list-dicolouring. We characterise $3$-dicritical digraphs $G$ with $(k-1)|V(G)| + 1$ arcs. For $k \geq 4$, we characterise $k$-dicritical digraphs $G$ on at least $k+1$ vertices and with $(k-1)|V(G)| + k-3$ arcs, generalising a result of Dirac. We prove that, for $k \geq 5$, every $k$-dicritical digraph $G$ has at least $(k-\frac 1 2 - \frac 1 {k-1}) |V(G)| - k(\frac 1 2 - \frac 1 {k-1})$ arcs, which is the best known lower bound. We prove that the number of connected components induced by the vertices of degree $2(k-1)$ of a $k$-dicritical digraph is at most the number of connected components in the rest of the digraph, generalising a result of Stiebitz. Finally, we generalise a Theorem of Thomassen on list-chromatic number of undirected graphs to list-dichromatic number of digraphs.
Performance Evaluation of HWMA Control Chart based on AR(p) with Trend Model to Detect Shift Process Mean
Authors: Sunthornwat Rapin , Areepong Yupaporn , Sukparungsee Saowanit
Published: January 2024

The main goal of this study is to establish explicit solutions for the average run length (ARL) of the Homogenously Weighted Moving Average control chart when subjected to autoregressive with trend process. The accuracy of the explicit formula for the ARL is evaluated in comparison to the numerical integral equation method. To evaluate the two approaches, the accuracy percentage was employed. A determination is carried out of the HWMA control chart’s effectiveness using the median run length (MRL), the standard deviation of run length (SDRL), and the average run length (ARL). A comprehensive comparison is performed between the HWMA control chart, the Extended Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EEWMA), and the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts with mean process shifts to illustrate the design and implementation of the HWMA control chart. As criteria for various values of design parameters, the performance of these control charts can also be evaluated using the relative mean index (RMI), the average extra quadratic loss (AEQL), and the performance comparison index (PCI). To evaluate the effectiveness of our explicit formula approach, we employ this formula on copper price data.
Value of multiple models of diffusion-weighted imaging to predict hepatic lymph node metastases in colorectal liver metastases patients
Authors: Zhu Hai-Bin , Zhao Bo , Li Xiao-Ting , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Yao Qian , Sun Ying-Shi
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

About 10%-31% of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) patients would concomitantly show hepatic lymph node metastases (LNM), which was considered as sign of poor biological behavior and a relative contraindication for liver resection. Up to now, there’s still lack of reliable preoperative methods to assess the status of hepatic lymph nodes in patients with CRLM, except for pathology examination of lymph node after resection.

AIM

To compare the ability of mono-exponential, bi-exponential, and stretched-exponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models in distinguishing between benign and malignant hepatic lymph nodes in patients with CRLM who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, 97 CRLM patients with pathologically confirmed hepatic lymph node status underwent magnetic resonance imaging, including DWI with ten b values before and after chemotherapy. Various parameters, such as the apparent diffusion coefficient from the mono-exponential model, and the true diffusion coefficient, the pseudo-diffusion coefficient, and the perfusion fraction derived from the intravoxel incoherent motion model, along with distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) and α from the stretched-exponential model (SEM), were measured. The parameters before and after chemotherapy were compared between positive and negative hepatic lymph node groups. A nomogram was constructed to predict the hepatic lymph node status. The reliability and agreement of the measurements were assessed using the coefficient of variation and intraclass correlation coefficient.

RESULTS

Multivariate analysis revealed that the pre-treatment DDC value and the short diameter of the largest lymph node after treatment were independent predictors of metastatic hepatic lymph nodes. A nomogram combining these two factors demonstrated excellent performance in distinguishing between benign and malignant lymph nodes in CRLM patients, with an area under the curve of 0.873. Furthermore, parameters from SEM showed substantial repeatability.

CONCLUSION

The developed nomogram, incorporating the pre-treatment DDC and the short axis of the largest lymph node, can be used to predict the presence of hepatic LNM in CRLM patients undergoing chemotherapy before surgery. This nomogram was proven to be more valuable, exhibiting superior diagnostic performance compared to quantitative parameters derived from multiple b values of DWI. The nomogram can serve as a preoperative assessment tool for determining the status of hepatic lymph nodes and aiding in the decision-making process for surgical treatment in CRLM patients.
Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity
Authors: Li Yi-Jie , Baumert Brittney O , Stratakis Nikos , Goodrich Jesse A , Wu Hao-Tian , He Jing-Xuan , Zhao Yin-Qi , Aung Max T , Wang Hong-Xu , Eckel Sandrah P , Walker Douglas I , Valvi Damaskini , La Merrill Michele A , Ryder Justin R , Inge Thomas H , Jenkins Todd , Sisley Stephanie , Kohli Rohit , Xanthakos Stavra A , Baccarelli Andrea A , McConnell Rob , Conti David V , Chatzi Lida
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and adolescents. NAFLD ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with steatosis. Circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD, but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains unknown. This analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in adolescents.

AIM

To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with NAFLD.

METHODS

This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study. Intra-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of NAFLD. Plasma samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling. A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq platform. We examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, race, and other key covariates. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of NAFLD.

RESULTS

We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs, including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p, and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs, including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p, in adolescents with NAFLD. Moreover, 52, 16, 15, and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH, fibrosis, ballooning degeneration, and lobular inflammation, respectively. Collectively, 16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of NAFLD. Among those miRNAs, miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH, ballooning, and fibrosis, while miR-122-5p, miR-1343-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-193b-5p, and miR-7845-5p were consistently and positively associated with all histological features of NAFLD. Pathway analysis revealed that most common pathways of miRNAs associated with multiple NAFLD features have been associated with tumor progression, while we also identified linkages between miR-122-5p and hepatitis C virus and between miR-199b-5p and chronic hepatitis B.

CONCLUSION

Plasma miRNAs were associated with NAFLD features in adolescent with severe obesity. Larger studies with more heterogeneous NAFLD phenotypes are needed to evaluate miRNAs as potential biomarkers of NAFLD.
Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2: A promising biomarker for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhao Wen-Zhuo , Wang Hong-Gang , Yang Xiao-Zhong
Published: January 2024

According to the latest global cancer statistics, colorectal cancer (CRC) has emerged as the third most prevalent malignant tumor across the globe. In recent decades, the medical field has implemented several levels of CRC screening tests, encompassing fecal tests, endoscopic examinations, radiological examinations and blood tests. Previous studies have shown that leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2) is involved in inhibiting immune cell function, immune evasion, and promoting tumor progression in acute myeloid leukemia and non-small cell lung cancer. However, its interaction with CRC has not been reported yet. Recently, a study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology re-vealed that LILRB2 and its ligand, angiopoietin-like protein 2, are markedly overexpressed in CRC. This overexpression is closely linked to tumor progression and is indicative of a poor prognosis. The study highlights the potential of utilizing the concentration of LILRB2 in serum as a promising biomarker for tumors. However, there is still room for discussion regarding the data processing and analysis in this research.
Sistemas Educativos: tendencias y desafíos
Authors: Ramos Hernández Rosa Raquel
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se proporciona una revisión documental de los sistemas educativos,  a partir de  su estructura, organización, normatividad, características y problemáticas; además de establecer  los diferentes niveles formativos en que se encuentran articulados, de acuerdo con la Clasificación  Internacional Normalizada de la Educación (CINE). Se realiza especial énfasis en los sistemas educativos de países como: España, Argentina. Bolivia, Colombia y Venezuela, estableciendo comparaciones entre ellos; las cuales permiten identificar aspectos comunes y establecer las diferencias entre sus modelos, ante los múltiples factores que inciden en la trayectoria educativa de cada país.

 De la misma manera, se realiza un recorrido informativo sobre las tendencias de los sistemas educativos y el análisis de  diez artículos científicos que abordan el tema, los cuales permiten comprender de una mejor forma,  las particularidades de los mismos, determinando que actualmente existe una gran variedad de tendencias de sistemas educativos, que buscan conseguir modelos exitosos, para  mejorar la calidad educativa y el desarrollo económico de sus contextos.

 Por último, se abordan los desafíos de los sistemas educativos, el rastreo  indica, que son de diversa índole, pero que tienen retos comunes asociados a la cuarta revolución, en contexto con la educación 4.0 y Steam; que a su vez son consecuentes con el desarrollo sostenible, en el marco de la transformación  digital que afecta a todos los sectores de la sociedad. Los sistemas educativos procuran responder a los retos que demanda la situación actual y futura, preparando a los estudiantes en habilidades y destrezas adicionales a las recibidas tradicionalmente, para que se adapten al cambio, con talento y competencias pertinentes al nuevo escenario.
The Issue of Taxation of Income Tax on Workers' Welfare Points
Authors:   KOREAN SOCIETY OF TAX LAW, Kim Doo Hyung
Published: January 2024

Recently, companies are paying workers welfare points as part of selective welfare systems. There are two main legal issues on welfare points. First, it is a question of whether this is ordinary wage under the Labor Standards Act or whether this is earned income under the Income Tax Act. The Supreme Court ruled in 2019 that welfare points given to workers were not wages under the Labor Standards Act. This precedent served as an opportunity to create a new discussion on whether welfare points that do not have wage characteristics are taxable earned income under the Income Tax Act.
However, the ruling continues to be made that it is justified to impose income tax on welfare points recently. This is because the court judged earned income as a broader concept than wages by dividing wages and earned income.
The problem is that the taxation authorities are taxing income tax on welfare points received by employees belonging to public corporations and private companies, while they are not taxing welfare points awarded by government officials. This taxation discrimination is again a problem in that it it violates equality taxation.
In this article, to identify these problems, we first examine the legal nature of welfare points, and then examine the logical relationship between wage denial and the scope of earned income taxation on welfare points. Next, in examining whether welfare points correspond to earned income under the Income Tax Act, the scope of earned income is explained, and then the overall taxation of welfare points, a type of additional benefit, is addressed. In addition, we examine whether the tax administration that delays taxation on welfare points for public officials is appropriate in terms of fairness in the tax burden.
In conclusion, welfare points should be taxed as earned income as economic benefits based on working conditions or work in a broad sense. The reason for this can be found in Article 20 of the Income Tax Act, which sets the scope of earned income, that salaries similar to those received by providing work are considered earned income, and that economic benefits other than money are subject to total income according to the interpretation of Article 24 (2) of the Income Tax Act.
Finally, as a future task, it is necessary to seek legal and institutional improvement measures to bring them into the tax law taxation system. The plan is to tax typical additional benefits by listing them in laws and regulations, and to establish tax-free regulations by setting the targets of minor benefits of workers excluding high-earned income earners.
A Study on Tax Treatments of Virtual-Assets in major countries and Process of Developing Regulatory Framework and Its Implications for the Republic of Korea
Authors:   KOREAN SOCIETY OF TAX LAW, Kil Yong-Won
Published: January 2024

As the blockchain technology-based industry grows rapidly, transactions of virtual assets such as tokens, which are its mediums, become active, and the market size of virtual assets is also expanding, the need for regulation and taxation on virtual assets is emphasized. Starting with the overhaul of related systems for regulating criminal activities and illegal money laundering using virtual assets, Korea has introduced a virtual asset taxation system through tax law revision. The revised tax law stipulates that income from the transfer or loan of virtual assets is classified as ‘other income’ and income tax is imposed.
Major foreign countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom have already imposed taxes on virtual asset income or are developing taxation systems to solve new tax problems(hard fork, airdrop, DeFi services, etc.). Income tax treatment on virtual assets in each country is derived from the definition of virtual assets. Most countries recognize virtual assets as a form of asset. They are generally treated as intangible assets and financial assets other than goodwill, and these assets are considered to generate capital gains.
As the virtual asset-related market continues to develop, new incidents emerge as virtual asset diversification and segmentation occur, and legislative supplementation through legal revisions is needed to properly respond to taxation issues. Clear laws and guidelines should be provided to address tax uncertainty.
Therefore, we would like to set a reasonable taxation direction for Korea by considering the tax treatment and legal system maintenance process for virtual assets of major foreign countries. By interpreting taxation guidelines from major foreign countries and analyzing related cases, we intend to contribute to reducing trial and error experienced in the process of legal system maintenance and stabilizing the changed system.
Remuneration and Retirement Benefit as Correlates of Non-Academic Staff Productivity in Nigerian Universities
Authors: Abiri Olusola Christianah , Adedapo Adesina Ajayi , Adenagbe Olubunmi Adejoke
Published: January 2024

This descriptive survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between remuneration, retirement benefits, and the productivity of non-academic staff in public universities in Southwest Nigeria. The study utilized a multistage sampling procedure to select 1200 non-academic staff from six universities, incorporating both federal and state institutions. Data were collected through self-designed instruments, namely the Conditions of Service Questionnaire (CSQ) and the Non-academic Staff Job Productivity Questionnaire (NSJPQ), focusing on remuneration, retirement benefits, and job productivity. Validity and reliability checks were performed on the instruments to ensure the accuracy of the collected data. The study concluded that remuneration and retirement benefits do not significantly influence the productivity of non-academic staff in universities. In light of these findings, recommendations were proposed, including an increase in the minimum wages for non-academic staff and the importance of ensuring regular payment of contributory pensions to guarantee a secure future for pension beneficiaries after retirement. These recommendations aim to address potential concerns regarding the financial well-being and job productivity of non-academic staff in Southwest Nigerian universities.
Assessment of terrestrial snails’ diversity and composition in six forests of west central - Morocco along an altitudinal gradient
Authors: Guennoun Fatima Z. , Mostakim Lahcen , Moutaouakil Soumia , Ghamizi Mohamed
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the diversity of terrestrial gastropods in west-central Morocco. It also examines how elevation and other abiotic factors affect the distribution and composition patterns of said malacofauna. The sampling covered six different forest sites with thirty stations spanning on an altitudinal gradient that ranges from 24 to 2434m. The influence of abiotic factors on species richness and abundance was evaluated via the Pearson correlation. The Shannon index evaluated the malacofaunal diversity within each station. Whittaker’s index assessed heterogeneity of each forest site. The similarity between the forest sites was determined by multivariate analyses; namely the Jaccard index and the Nonmetric Multi-Dimentional Scaling analysis (NMDS). A total of 31312 specimens representing 30 species were recorded. Low altitude stations display the highest values of diversity and uniformity, while the highest altitude stations present the opposite trend. The NMDS analysis revealed that the elevation and vegetation type represent the principal factors affecting the distribution of land snails in the six forest sites.
Legal Consequences for Companies that Carry Out Unilateral Termination of Employment
Authors: Ayu I Gusti Ayu Putu Lingsiani , Kurniawan I Gede Agus
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the Company taking steps to streamline company costs by laying off workers. Many companies experience labor relations disputes, one of which is that the company carries out unilateral termination of employment (PHK) of workers without negotiating with the workers and does not pay attention to the rights of these workers. This research aims to find out and examine the mechanism for resolving industrial relations disputes in Badung Regency as well as knowing and studying the legal consequences for companies that carry out unilateral layoffs of workers with a fixed term work agreement (PKWT) and workers with a fixed term work agreement (PKWTT) in Badung Regency. This research is empirical legal research with a factual approach and a statutory approach. The research results confirm that there are 2 (two) alternative dispute resolution mechanisms for industrial disputes, either through non-litigation channels, namely by bipartite negotiations, mediation, conciliation, arbitration or by litigation, namely through the industrial relations court (PHI). Layoffs can be said to be valid if they have received a decision from the PHI and if without this decision the employer continues to lay off workers in PKWT and PKWTT who received layoffs unilaterally, then the layoffs are not legally valid and are considered null and void. The legal sanction for employers who lay off PKWT workers before their term of employment ends is to fulfill the workers' rights, namely by providing severance pay, gratuity money, compensation money due to the layoff.
Effect of Zn Applied with or Without Palm Stearin Coated Urea on The Growth and Mineral Element Concentration of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Babar Saima Kalsoom , Akca Hanife , Taban Suleyman , Shujrah Hassan Ali
Published: January 2024

Inhibition of ammonia (NH3) volatilization by deaccelerating urea hydrolysis rate in Central Anatolian lands is the indispensable approach for eco-friendly fertilization and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) are critically limited here in alkaline soils. An experiment was conducted under controlled conditions to determine the availability of Zn applied as a solution and bound with polymer palm stearin (PS) coating material as a urease inhibitor. The treatments consisted of urea as a commercial commodity, urea with PS only, urea impregnated with PS and Zn, Zn-coated urea, and Zn in solution (SOL) form. During winter, 2019-20, the experiment was conducted in the glasshouse of the department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition at Ankara University, Türkiye. Data indicated that Zn with PS and in SOL form produced more growth traits i.e., plant height (130 cm), stem girth (13.2 mm), shoot dry matter (4.63 g plant-1), root dry matter yield (0.61 g plant-1), and chlorophyll (42.16 mg g-1) content (p<0.01). Similarly, we had higher concentration of N (3.19%) and Zn (50.46 mg kg-1) content in maize plants (p<0.01) as compared to control. In conclusion, Zn at the rate of 10 mg kg-1 either in solution or coated with urea seems highly effective to sustain better crop productivity and NUE. While concerning N and Zn content, coated urea with Zn markedly responded as compared to Zn in SOL. Synergism between N and Zn can lead to better fertilizer management
THE NEXUS OF BIG DATA ANALYTICS, KNOWLEDGE SHARING, AND PRODUCT INNOVATION IN MANUFACTURING
Authors: Yildiz Bülent , Çiğdem Şemsettin , Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė Ieva , Činčikaitė Renata
Published: January 2024

In today‘s highly competitive business environments, manufacturers face stiff competition. As digital technologies have become more pervasive, many businesses in the manufacturing sector have begun to tap into the potential of big data analytics to gain an edge in their markets. Companies in the manufacturing sector can gain a significant competitive advantage by strategically utilizing big data analytics to uncover profound insights that have the potential to significantly enhance their capabilities in product innovation.
This research delves into communication’s role as a go-between for big data analytics and product innovations’ success at manufacturing firms. The validity and reliability of the measurement scales were first thoroughly examined in this study. The research model was then tested using structural equation modeling and process macro analysis.
The analytical findings unveil those big data analytics exert a pronounced, positive, and statistically significant impact on product innovation performance and information-sharing dynamics. Furthermore, it is discerned that information-sharing exerts a substantial and affirmative influence on the capacity for product innovation. Additionally, it is established that the impact of big data analytics on product innovation performance undergoes moderation by the information-sharing mechanism.
EMPLOYABILITY, PROACTIVENESS AND WORKPLACE BEHAVIORS: IS SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS A MEDIATOR?
Authors: Păunescu Carmen , Acatrinei Carmen , Argatu Ruxandra , McGuire Stephen J. J. , Zhang Yang
Published: January 2024

The paper aims to examine individuals’ behavior at work and/or in college, by placing the focus on employability, proactiveness and socioeconomic status as predictors. The paper’s objectives are threefold: (1) to examine if there is a causal relationship between employability and proactive personality of individuals and their citizenship or deviant behavior at work and/or in college; (2) to understand the extent to which socioeconomic status influences individuals’ citizenship or deviant behavior at work and/or in college; and (3) to determine the mediation role of socioeconomic status in the causal relationship between employability and proactiveness and individuals’ behaviors. Linear regression models were employed to test the predictive power of the variables once a causal relationship had been confirmed. Mediation tests were used to quantify the extent to which a variable participated in known causal relationships. The research reports results based on data collected from 534 university business students in Romania. The results confirm that employability and proactiveness predict workplace behavior, and that socioeconomic status mediates this relationship.