bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Guidance and Counseling Teachers in Preparing Students for The Society 5.0 Era
Authors: Nasution Salsabila , Jamaris Jamaris , Solfema Solfema , Almizri Wahyu
Published: June 2023

The development of today's human era will enter the era of society 5.0. In this era, technology and humans are made the most important center for the development of life. Students in the era of society 5.0 are required to be able to develop soft skills and abilities so that they become material in dealing with changes and human development. The purpose of this article is to determine the role of counseling teachers for student readiness in entering the era of society 5.0 by using qualitative research methods in a systematic review used to synthesize (summarize) the results of research that are descriptive qualitative in nature with sources from several international, national, and international journals. a book that will produce information in the form of notes and data in a descriptive form based on literature studies through references relevant to research. As for the results of this study, students have challenges when entering the era of society 5.0, one of the challenges is that students must be able to develop and improve their abilities in facing the era of society 5.0. In developing and improving the abilities of students. Counseling guidance teachers can provide counseling guidance services that are innovative, creative and up-to-date in accordance with the needs of students which are adapted to the times.
Promoting Career Maturity through Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Group Counseling: A Pathway to Informed Decision-Making for Students
Authors: Khofifah Nur , Netrawati Netrawati , Ardi Zadrian
Published: June 2023

This article explores the potential of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in group counseling to enhance career maturity and informed decision-making among students. The concept of career maturity, defined as an individual's readiness and capability to make informed career decisions, is crucial in guiding students through the career decision-making process. Career guidance programs have been recognized as instrumental in fostering career maturity and informed decision-making. The integration of CBT in group counseling has been proposed as an effective approach to enhance career maturity. This systematic literature review examined various sources to gather empirical evidence and theoretical perspectives on the topic. The findings indicate that CBT-based group counseling sessions significantly improve students' career maturity and decision-making skills. The cognitive restructuring process inherent in CBT helps students challenge negative thoughts and develop confidence in their career decisions. The supportive environment of group counseling encourages interaction and mutual learning among participants. Despite promising results, the study acknowledges limitations, such as reliance on self-reported measures. It recommends further research to explore long-term effects and encourages educational institutions and career counselors to incorporate CBT-based group counseling sessions into their programs. The article contributes to the expanding body of knowledge on CBT's role in enhancing career maturity and decision-making and provides insights for educators, counselors, and researchers in this field.
Conhecimento Matemático para o Ensino e MTSK: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Sousa Bruno Francis , Almada de Oliveira Viviane Cristina
Published: June 2023

O Conhecimento Matemático para o Ensino (MKT), desenvolvido por Deborah Ball e colaboradores, e o Conhecimento Especializado do Professor de Matemática (MTSK), proposto por José Carrillo Yáñez e colaboradores, são modelos teóricos desenvolvidos no âmbito da Educação Matemática e se propõem a modelar/mapear os conhecimentos mobilizados por professores durante o exercício docente. Na busca de compreender os usos teóricos e práticos das dimensões do MKT e do MTSK e de estabelecer contribuições desses referenciais à prática docente de professores de Matemática e, portanto, à formação de professores de Matemática, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de publicações que se sustentaram nos arcabouços desses modelos. O artigo apresenta a análise de 18 publicações, feitas nos anos 2020 e 2021, e categorizadas como trabalhos que: mobilizaram o MKT ou o MTSK para analisar os conhecimentos evidenciados em abordagens sobre/na prática de professores; desenvolveram discussões teóricas envolvendo os referenciais; e, realizaram pesquisa bibliográfica ou documental. Apresentamos alguns questionamentos acerca de possíveis abordagens dos resultados de pesquisas envolvendo os referenciais em tela na formação de professores. Concluímos que, a despeito desses apontamentos, tais trabalhos podem ser usados por professores formadores como referências para enriquecer suas práticas docentes levando em conta as especificidades do conhecimento do professor de Matemática evidenciadas nessas produções. Por fim, enfatizamos o MKT e o MTSK como marcos importantes na Educação Matemática principalmente por convergirem em torno da premissa de que o conhecimento necessário à prática do professor de Matemática não se restringe ao “domínio do conteúdo matemático”.
PENGARUH INTERAKSI TANAH-STRUKTUR PADA TANAH LUNAK TERHADAP DILATASI DARI DUA BANGUNAN TINGGI AKIBAT GEMPA
Authors: Sari Desnila , Murdiansyah Lukman , Yurisman Yurisman , Guspari Oni
Published: June 2023

Earthquakes that occur in buildings can lead to collision force with the next building if the initial gap between the two buildings is not sufficient for its free vibration responses. Collisions can cause amplification of the internal forces in the structural elements and the collision force on the contact zone is usually not considered in the initial design so that it can lead to damage and collapse of buildings. This study aime to determine the effect of Soil-Structure Interaction in the dilatation of two structures in soft soil with consideration of the collision to the next building. The structure is modeled as a structural system with multi degree of freedom (MDOF). The upper structure is considered linear elastic model and does not have damping as well as the lower structure (foundation). The collision can only occur on the floor level of the two buildings in which the contact zone is modeled as an elastic element. The rheological model for Soil-Structure Interaction are taken as a horizontal spring and a rotational spring. Structural dynamic equations was solved by using the Houbolt integration method. The resolution of numerical program was solved by the Matlab software. The results of study showed that soil-strucutre interaction increases the relative displacement under the condition of initial distance (gap) between the two buildings was reduced.
Päälämmityslähteestä monilämmitykseen: suomalaisista pientaloista on tullut toisiaan täydentävien ja vuorottelevien energiajärjestelmien hybrideitä
Authors: Numminen Sini , Silvikko de Villafranca Marika , Hyysalo Sampsa
Published: June 2023

Vuonna 2021 alkanut energiakriisi on saanut monet kotitaloudet tarkastelemaan kotinsa lämmitystekniikoita ja -tapoja. Tutkimuksemme esittelee syksyllä 2022 kerättyä laajaa energiakyselyaineistoa, jonka perusteella vain harvat suomalaiset pientalo-omistajat luottavat yhteen lämmönlähteeseen. Suurin osa (89 %) on monilämmittäjiä, jotka hyödyntävät vähintään kahta energialaitetta tai polttoainetta kotinsa lämmittämiseen, niiden välillä vaihdellen ja vuorotellen. Yleisin monilämmitysjärjestelmä on sähkölämmityksen, puulämmityksen ja ilmalämpöpumpun yhdistelmä. Tuloksemme osoittavat, että energiamurros etenee Suomessa, mutta myös sen, että päälämmityslähde-käsitteeseen nojaava virallinen lämmitystapatilastointi antaa tällä hetkellä vääristyneen kuvan suomalaisten pientalojen lämmitystodellisuudesta. Aineistomme mukaan esimerkiksi pelkällä sähköllä lämpenee vain 2 prosenttia pientaloista. Sähkölämmitystä kyllä käytetään jopa 49 prosentissa pientaloista, mutta on epäselvää, mikä rooli sähkölämmityksellä näissä kodeissa tosiasiallisesti on. Luvut näyttävät hyvin erilaisilta virallisiin lämmitystapatilastoihin verrattuna. Lämmitystapatilastojen keruussa ja esittämisessä lienee syytä siirtyä kuvailemaan talon lämmitystapojen monipuolisuutta, mikä antaisi realistisemman kuvan suomalaisten energiankäytöstä ja lämmitystavoista. Tietoa voidaan käyttää muotoilemaan vaikuttavampia politiikkatoimenpiteitä ja sähkö- tai energiatukimuotoja niille, jotka tukia todella tarvitsevat.
TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNÜN COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNE REAKSİYONUNUN YAPISAL KIRILMALI BİRİM KÖK TESTİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: TAŞDELEN Selvihan
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 pandemisinden, dünya genelinde sağlık sektörü başta olmak üzere tüm sektörler etkilenmiştir. Dünya çapında küresel faaliyetler durma noktasına gelmiştir. Salgının ekonomik etkileri değerlendirildiğinde ise, birçok sektör, salgını önlemek için alınan tedbirler neticesinde kriz noktasına gelmiş ve büyük bir çıkmaz içerisine girmiştir. Bankacılık sektörüde, pandeminin etkilerini en aza indirmek için çeşitli kararlar ve tedbirler almıştır. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinin Türk bankacılık sektörüne olan etkilerinin tespiti amacıyla Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın ilk vakayı açıkladığı 11.03.2020 tarihi ile vaka sayısının kamuoyuna açıklanmasının bırakıldığı 05.07.2021 tarihleri arasındaki BIST bankacılık endeksi günlük verileri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Bist banka verisi, bağımlı değişken olarak alınırken, bu değişkeni etkilediği düşünülen vaka sayısı, korku endeksi, döviz kuru ve Uluslararası sermaye endekslerinin ortalaması (MSCI) verileri ise bağımsız değişken olarak alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle verilerin durağanlığı test edilmiş, daha sonra durağan hala gelen verilerin birim kök içerme durumlarını tespit etmek için yapısal kırılma tarihlerinin dışsal olarak belirlendiği Zivot-Andrews birim kök testi (ZA) uygulanılmıştır. ZA analizine göre BİST İşlem hacmi, korku endeksi ve döviz kuru hacminde anlamlı kırılmalar tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın genel sonuçları ekonomi yönetimleri ve merkez bankaları açısından öneri niteliği taşımaktadır.
ADAPTATION AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF THE L2-GRIT SCALE IN TURKISH
Authors: UŞTUK Özgehan , ERARSLAN Ali
Published: June 2023

Even though grit in language education, as an individual difference among learners, has recently been a very popular field in second language acquisition research, a few language-specific tools rather than domain-general ones to measure this individual difference have only been developed very recently. To add, adapted versions of these tools are needed to examine this notion across cultures and contexts. This study presents psychometric analyses of an adapted version of a language-specific grit scale in the Turkish language: the L2-Grit Scale in Turkish. An adapted scale was translated and administered to 284 university students studying at various universities across Turkey and learning English as a foreign language. Statistical analyses such as item, reliability, and exploratory factor analyses were run. The results showed that the L2-Grit Scale in Turkish is a highly reliable and internally consistent tool with a two-factor solution, and it can not only inform further grit research in the Turkish context but also contribute to this globally bourgeoning field.
TEKNOLOJİK BİR DÖNÜŞÜM OLARAK DİJİTALLEŞME KAVRAMI VE ETKİLERİ
Authors: ÖZÇELİK BALOĞLU Özge
Published: June 2023

Sanayi devriminden günümüze dijitalleşme, değişen sanal bir teknolojik iklim mekanı olarak, yaşamın birçok alanına etki etmektedir. Erişimi kolay ve etkileşimi serbest olan dijital ortamlar, bireysel düzeyde başlayan, toplumsal düzeye yayılan etkileriyle, kısa sürede uzun vadeli olarak teknolojiyi kabul edilebilir hale getirmektedir. Gündelik hayata etki eden boyutuyla teknoloji yaşamımıza da birçok yeni kavramı eklemektedir. Dijital uzantılar ile yorumlanan yeni teknolojik düzende, toplumsal ve kitlesel dönüşümler yeni dijital kavramlar aracılığıyla gerçekleşmektedir. Bu kavramlar salt tanımsal boyutuyla değil, dijital teknoloji boyutuyla da teknolojik birer aracı olarak “teknoyorum”lara rehberlik etmekte, teknoloji, uygulama ve kullanım alanlarını tanımlayan kavramların yanı sıra literatüre kullanıcıları için de yeni kavramların eklenmesine yol açmaktadır. Bu kavramlar aracılığıyla teknolojinin toplumsal ve kültürel etkileri ölçülüp, değerlendirilmekte, teknoloji böylece etkisel boyutunda kullanıcılar için birçok yeni pencere açmakta, aynı zamanda dijital dünyaya uyum sağlayan yeni dijitalde bireyleri de güncellenen tanımlarla değerlendirmektedir. Teknoloji kullanımına hakim olanlar dijital yerliler, teknolojiyle daha geç tanışanlar dijital göçmenler, teknolojiyi ihtiyatlı kullananlar ise dijital bilgeler olarak tanımlanacaklardır. Anahtar Kelime: Dijitalleşme, Dijitalleşmenin Etkileri, Dijital Bilgelik, Dijital Yerliler, Dijital Göçmenler
EINSTELLUNG TÜRKISCHER STUDENTEN ZUM ERLERNEN DER GRAMMATIKALISCHEN GESCHLECHTER DES DEUTSCHEN
Authors: TANIR Ahmet
Published: June 2023

Die Tatsache, dass jedes Substantiv im Deutschen als Drittsprache ein Geschlecht hat, das sich von seinem normalen biologischen Geschlecht unterscheidet, ist eines der schwierigsten und komplexesten linguistischen Merkmale, die Lernende mit unterschiedlichem Sprachlernhintergrund lernen müssen. Daher zielt diese nicht-experimentelle quantitative Studie darauf ab, die Einstellungen der Nicht-Germanistik-StudentInnen zum Erlernen der grammatikalischen Geschlechter im Deutschen zu beleuchten. Insbesondere soll die Studie Aufschluss geben über ihre Einstellungen zu (1) der Schwierigkeiten, (2) der Bedeutung, (3) der Tendenz zur Verwendung von Hinweisen und (4) den Selbstregulierungsstrategien beim Erlernen der grammatikalischen Geschlechter. Dabei wird auch untersucht, ob sich die Einstellungen je nach Geschlecht und Fachbereichsvariablen unterscheiden. Insgesamt 208 StudentInnen aus vier verschiedenen Fachbereichen einer staatlichen technischen Universität in der Türkei nahmen an der Studie teil. Zur Datenerhebung wurde ein Fragebogen verwendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Einstellungen der Nicht-Germanistik-StudentInnen zum Erlernen der deutschen grammatikalischen Geschlechter auf einem moderaten Niveau lagen. Genauer gesagt, zeigten sie weder eine positive noch eine negative Einstellung.
Спектр гематологических изменений и их взаимосвязь с состоянием организма молодняка кур, полученного из яиц от старого родительского стада при трансовариальном применении цитохрома C
Authors: Азарнова Татьяна Олеговна , Успенский Семён Вадимович , Луговая Инесса Сергеевна
Published: June 2023

Изменения гематологического профиля во многом определяются интенсивностью липопероксидации и обменных процессов. Оптимизация параметров крови обуславливает условия для стабилизации гомеостаза организма и качественного развития и высокой жизнеспособности особей. Использование в промышленную инкубацию яиц от родительского стада кур свыше 65 недель значительно снижает эти показатели, что сопряжено с невозможностью адекватного метаболизма, гемопоэза у эмбрионов в яйце низкого инкубационного качества. В ходе исследования предынкубационно использовали ранее выявленный в серии экспериментов оптимальный раствор дефицитного в условиях стресса естественного метаболита, антиоксиданта, энергостимулятора — цитохрома C. Подтверждены антистрессовые и обменостимулирующие свойства используемого вещества, что выразилось в повышении общей антиокислительной активности сыворотки крови на 11 % при снижении концентрации центральных продуктов липопероксидации: малонового диальдегида — на 20 % (p < 0,01), оснований Шиффа — на 25 % (p < 0,001). Определенные условия для интенсификации углеводно-энергетического, белкового и липидного обменов способствовали сохранению целостности и функциональности клеток крови, а также оптимизации синтеза гема и ряда индексов. Условия стабилизировали гомеостаз; повысили эмбриональную жизнеспособность: выводимость яиц — на 11,14 % (p < 0,001), вывод цыплят — на 14,75 % (p < 0,001) относительно контроля, качество зародышей и молодняка суточного возраста по шкалам «Пасгар» и «Оптистарт» составило 2,0 (p < 0,05) и 1,5 (p < 0,01) балла соответственно по сравнению с контролем.
Exploring Individualisation Processes in Western Buddhism: A Multi-thematic Analysis of Interviews with English and Italian Practitioners
Authors: Bielli Tiziano
Published: June 2023

Amongst the studies concerning Buddhism in the West, until now few have attempted to make an empirically based comparison between Buddhist practitioners from countries with different socio-religious backgrounds. This paper aims to contribute to filling this gap by analysing thirty multi-thematic qualitative interviews with lay practitioners connected in a variety of modalities to diverse Buddhist groups from England and Italy. The theoretical framework combines the concepts of individualisation, subjectivisation and bricolage to analyse the range of Buddhist interpretations and self-descriptions. The main research questions are: 1. What are the differences and affinities between practitioners of different nationalities belonging to diverse Buddhist traditions? 2. What is gained by applying the analytical framework? The paper argues that in most cases the decisive element is not nationality, but rather the connection with a specific Buddhist school. Furthermore, practitioners shape and at times challenge the ongoing processes examined in the theoretical framework.
Michel Foucault und Judith Butler über sexuellen Missbrauch und Inzest
Authors: Chung Ilkwaen , Oelkers Jürgen
Published: June 2023

Michel Foucault and Judith Butler on Sexual Abuse and the Incest-Taboo

Starting from a critical discussion of Judith Butler’s definition of sexual abuse of children, the article analyzes Michel Foucault’s thesis of freedom of lust in premodern communities. Foucault’s main theory of »regimes of truth« opposed all naïve concepts of political emancipation and at the same time strengthens them. This is shown with a discussion of Butler’s theory of »compulsive heterosexuality« and her critique of the incest taboo. Foucault on the other side argued against a legal age of consent for children. In this both philosophers are on the wrong track.
Prototipo de software para la firma y validación de documentos electrónicos
Authors: Ramírez Casanova Erick Manuel , Telona Torres Rogelio Enrique , González Cadena Juan Rafael
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de un prototipo de software empleando las tecnologías web más actualizadas capaz de crear, firmar y validar un documento electrónico a partir de un certificado digital y una llave privada. En la aplicación web el usuario remitente podrá realizar un documento con su firma digital y a su vez generar un hash de validación los cuales se enviarán a un destinatario por algún medio. El destinatario podrá verificar la validez de la firma del remitente usando el documento firmado y hash de verificación.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA HARVESTED IN THE REGION OF THE MOUNTAIN DISTRICT OF CÔTE D'IVOIRE.
Authors: KONAN SERAPHIN N'DRI , Oumar Yéo Sounta , Lanciné Traoré , Antoine Kouamé Bosson , Akhanovna MamyrBékova-Békro Janat , Yves-Alain Békro
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The aromatic plants have occupied an important place in the daily life of man. The excessive and repetitive use of drugs has led the body to develop resistance to their curative effects. Many authors have focused on the study of the therapeutic properties of essential oils in order to provide new remedies. They are used as a source of bioactive molecules of natural origin. Objective: The objective of this work is to contribute to the valorization of medicinal and aromatic plants of the Ivorian flora. We propose to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antioxidant activity by spectrophotometry of the essential oil. Materials and Methods: The plant material consists of the leafy twigs of C. odorata. The technical of steam distillation using a four-compartment stainless steel device was used to extract the essential oil from the plant matrix. The analysis of the essential oils was carried out on a GC chromatograph (7890A, Agilent Technologies) coupled to a mass spectrometer (5975C, Agilent Technologies). The antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated using the Blois method. Results:  The essential oil obtained by steaming, with an aromatic odor and pale green color has a yield of (0.082 ± 0.004) %. Analysis of the chromatogram and mass spectra identified 24 phytocompounds (99.92%). The phytochemical composition is dominated by hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (44.21%) followed by hydrocarbon monoterpenes (29.48%) and other compounds (26.23%). The major compound are α-pinene (17.79%), 6-propen-1-enylbicyclo [3.1.0] and hexan-2-one (14.95%) . Conclusion: The essential oil extract of  C. odorata exhibits low antioxidant activity compared to vitamin C.
STUDY ON STUNTING OF 6 TO 59 MONTHS CHILDREN AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITHIN AT GARDEZ CITY, PAKTIA PROVINCE OF AFGHANISTAN
Authors: Ahmadzai Mohammad Hanif , Janatzai Khoshal , Mangal Maail K
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Evidence about risk factors of Stunting is useful to design appropriate policies and strategies to control health problems. Objective: A cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 6-59 months in Paktia Regional Hospital. Material and Methods: A total of 400 children were included in the study. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurement. The interview was conducted with parents/caretakers of the children to fill the questionnaire. SPSS version 25.0 statistical software was used for analysis. Cross tabulation and Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the nutritional status of the children.  Results: Statistical association was declared significant if the p-value was less than 0.05.  The prevalence of Stunted was 41%. Variables; Gender, Family size, Number of children under 5, Life status of parents, Father's educational level, Mother's educational level, Annual income status, Food items do you feed to children, Awareness about weaning and supplementary food, Awareness about malnutrition, Age Weaning food should be started, Breast-feed status, period of time to feed breast, Food during Pregnancy, Status of immunity, Vaccinated during pregnancy, The age gap between babies and mothers' malnutrition (MUAC) status are statistically associated with Stunting. Height for age (stunted) is high among children aged 6–59 months in Gardez Town. Conclusion: Lack of awareness on malnutrition and child feeding, maternal nutrition status, family size, family income, and the age gap between babies are risk factors of malnutrition. Thus, therefore, the concerned bodies must design policies, which can improve the livelihood of households, works on information dissemination using mass media about malnutrition, weaning, and supplementary foods, and family planning and on meals during pregnancy.
NANOEMULGEL BASED ON GUAR GUM AND PLURONIC® F127 CONTAINING ENCAPSULATED HESPERIDIN WITH ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL
Authors: De Sousa Isadora Freitas , Rebouças Louhana Moreira , Sampaio Caroline De Goes , Ricardo Nágila Maria Pontes Silva , Santos Emília Maria Alves , Da Silva Antônio Lucas Freitas
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The development of antioxidant cosmetic products based on natural products added to nanotechnology is gaining more and more prominence. However, some of these actives are hydrophobic, which makes their placement in aqueous systems impossible. As a strategy to deliver hydrophobic actives in hydrophilic gels, nanoemulgels have been presented.

Materials and Methods: The present study aimed to prepare an aqueous nanoemulgel based on guar gum and Pluronic® F127 as a strategy for the delivery of hesperidin, a hydrophobic flavonoid. A nanoemulsion was prepared and characterized to be incorporated into the gel. The formed nanoemulgel was evaluated for rheology and antioxidant activity.

Results and Discussion: The nanoemulsion had a particle size of 192 ± 4 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.11 ± 0.01 and a zeta potential of -32.1 ± 0.9 mV. The encapsulation efficiency obtained was 99.35% and the rheological study of the nanoemulgel showed satisfactory gel characteristics for topical use. The antioxidant potential of nanoemulsions by the DPPH method presented an IC50 value of 14.4 ±1.3 μg mL-1 expressed in hesperidin equivalent to 17.4 mg mL-1 of the nanoemulgel. The formulated nanoemulgel delivered hesperidinsuccessfully without affecting its antioxidant properties, showing promise as a cosmetic for topical anti-aging use.
THE EFFECT OF MORINGA LAM LEAF EXTRACT ON PHAGOCYTOSIS ACTIVITY OF MACROPHAGES, ROS, NO, IFN-γ, AND IL-10 ON PBMC IN ADULT PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS INDUCED BY ESAT-6 IN-VITRO
Authors: Santosa Dicky , Gurnida Dida A , Sastramihardja Herri S , Subarnas Anas
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). MTB can inhibit phagolysosomal fusion, so it’s difficult to eliminate, and the BCG vaccine didn’t contain ESAT-6/CFP-10, which caused therapy and immunization couldn’t be optimal in eradicating TB. An immunomodulator is needed to improve the immune system, especially from natural ingredients. A Moringa oleifera plant is known to have immunomodulatory properties because of its nutrients, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins,alkaloids, and steroids.

Material and Methods: This study aims to determine the effect of the M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) on the phagocytic activity of macrophages, ros, no, Ifn-γ, and IL-10 induced by ESAT-6 in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Culture (PBMC) pulmonary TB patients. The research was carried out on PBMC from the blood of six pulmonary TB patients with a post-test-only control group design. The samples were divided into three groups: negative control group, positive control group (induced with ESAT-6), and intervention groups (induced with ESAT-6 and MLE at doses of 1 μg/mL, 2.5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, and 25 μg/mL).

Results: MLE with a dose of 1 μg/mL significantly increased macrophages’ phagocytic activity, ros/no, Ifn-γ, and decreased IL-10 levels (p < 0.05) as compared to the control group, whereas at a dose of ≥ 2.5 μg/mL, it decreased macrophages phagocytic activity, ros/no, Ifn-γ, and increased IL-10 levels.

Discussion: These indicate that MLE at a low dose had immunostimulant activity, but at a higher dose showed immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity.
Film Anlatısında Gülerken Düşünmek
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Berceste Gülçin
Published: June 2023

Çalışma, Henri Bergson’un Gülme: Gülüncün Anlamı Üzerine Deneme (1900) adlı eserini temel alarak, Bergson’un gülmenin felsefesine dair söylemlerinden hareketle, Aile Arasında (Ozan Açıktan, 2017) filminde izleyicinin kahkahalarına sebep olan gülme ediminin içindeki sosyal teoriyi toplumsal düzenin eril kodları bağlamında tartışmaya açmaktadır. Sosyal teorinin, toplumsal işlevi, izleyicilerin gülerken düşünme sürecine dahil olduklarının göstergelerini sunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, gülme edimi içinde var olan felsefi izleğin toplumsal düzenin eril kurallarını tekrar düşündürme sistematiği önem arz etmektedir. Aile Arasında filminde odakta yer alan düğün konusu ise, Mikhail Bakhtin’in Karnavaldan Romana: Edebiyat Teorisinden Dil Felsefesine Seçme Yazılar (1986) adlı eserinde detaylandırarak felsefi sorgulamalara olanak veren karnavalesk kavramının içeriğini hatırlatmaktadır. Karnaval halinin sinemada anlamlandırılmasının örneğini sunan düğün mekanı, toplumsal çatışma öğelerinin, toplumsal düzenin egemen eril tahakkümle birlikte sunduğu kısıtlamaları göstermektedir. Çalışmada, karakterlerin izleyiciye sunumu ise, olaylardaki absürt ve ironik durumları, karakterler arası diyaloglarda toplumsal düzenin kalıplaşmış yargılarını alaşağı eden söylemleri ve gülme ediminin içinde var olan toplumsal çatışma düşüncesinin gülmenin felsefesiyle birlikte düşünülmesinin önünü açmaktadır.
The Birthday of the Party Leader: Klement Gottwald’s Image on the Pages of the “Rudé Právo” Newspaper
Authors:   Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank, Prystupa Natallia
Published: June 2023

The process of constructing the image of Klement Gottwald on the basis of materials presented in the newspaper Rudé parvo on the occasion of the birthday of the leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia is analysed in the article. The mechanisms of formation of the personality cult, which were used by party functionaries and newspaper journalists, are shown. The role of language and its use in creating the image of Klement Gottwald, the chairman of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in the minds of citizens and in maintaining their sympathy to him was revealed. The evolution of the strategies utilised to influence public opinion was determined by the changes which took place in the state between 1945 and 1953. The set of practices developed in the media space which ensured the exaltation of Klement Gottwald and asserted his exceptional and sacral status are also shown.
The Danube as a Significant Line of Communication and Strategic Barrier for Serbia and Yugoslavia in the First Half of the Twentieth Century
Authors:   Strategic Research Institute of the University of Defence, Denda Dalibor
Published: June 2023

In the first half of the twentieth century, the Danube was extremely important to Serbia and Yugoslavia in two ways. Firstly, it served as a communication line that played a significant role in the economy, especially that of the Kingdom of Serbia. Secondly, it served as a strategic barrier in wartime. The Danube's importance became even more evident during the so-called “Customs War”, or “Pig War” with Austria-Hungary between 1906 and 1911, which resulted in Serbia's economic independence. During the First World War, the Danube was not only a natural obstacle on the Austrian front, but also a strategic communication and supply line for both the Entente and the Central Powers. The control of the river, together with gaining full control of the Belgrade — Niš — Sofia — Constantinople railway line, was the main reason for the joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian campaign against Serbia in October 1915. During the campaign, the Germans crossed the Danube in their section of the front line, which at the time was the largest crossing operation of the river in military history. After the First World War, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia gained the largest commercial fleet on the Danube through reparations. Between the two world wars, more than 40 % of Yugoslavian goods were exported along the Danube. In the late 1930s, the Danube’s role in supplying Nazi Germany with raw materials from the Balkans, especially Romanian oil, increased. The only place suitable for sabotage operations to destabilize the supply of the German war machine was the Iron Gate, a narrowing of the Danube at the Yugoslav-Romanian border. The importance of the Danube River was demonstrated during the April 1941 war, when Germany actually attacked Yugoslavia on the night of 5–6 April 1941, capturing the Sip Canal, the most important of the seven canals cut through the Iron Gate Gorge, guarded by the Yugoslav Army. In the Second World War, the Allies bombed many ports on the Danube and German ships carrying oil. Supplies were interrupted by the joint Soviet-Yugoslav offensive, which ended in the liberation of Belgrade. Finally, the largest battle of the Second World War in Yugoslavia, fought by the Red Army and the Yugoslav People's Liberation Army, took place from 11 to 29 November 1944, near the village of Batina, on the right bank of the Danube.
The Damage Suffered by Danube Bridges in Yugoslavia During the Twentieth Century
Authors:   Institute for Contemporary History, Gulić Milan
Published: June 2023

During the “short” twentieth century, the Yugoslav state on several occasions faced wars or conflicts in which it temporarily or permanently disappeared. The Second World War irrevocably destroyed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. It was occupied, fragmented, and came out of the war with a changed socio-political structure. When the fire of war spread again to Yugoslavia in April 1941, the Danube bridges were also damaged. They were destroyed by the Yugoslav army in an attempt to slow down the advance of German troops. At that time, the symbolic bridges of Belgrade and Novi Sad — the Bridge of King Peter the Second and the Bridge of Prince Tomislav — were destroyed. Temporary or rebuilt bridges were also damaged in the final phase of the war in 1944, either by Allied bombing raids or during the withdrawal of German troops, who demolished them in order to slow the invasion of the Yugoslav People’s Liberation Army and the Red Army. Half a century later, the bridges were damaged again. During the NATO aggression on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1999, the most important roads were also hit. Among others, several Danube bridges were damaged, including all three bridges in Novi Sad — Varadin Bridge, Žeželj’s Bridge, and the Bridge of Freedom. The Danube bridges in Yugoslavia shared the fate of the state that built them. They were demolished and rebuilt, and their story is a metaphor for the history of a country that no longer exists, and which once covered a significant part of the course of the Danube.
The Image of Power in the Past and Present in the Writings of Jozef Szujski
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arzhakova Larisa
Published: June 2023

The focus of this work is an attempt to identify images of power with the help of individual works by the Polish historian, writer, publicist, and social and political figure Józef Szujski (1835–1883), leader of the Krakow Historical School and one of the Stańczycy, a loyalist political grouping that formed in Galicia in the second half of the nineteenth century. The multi-genre creative heritage of Szujski represents fertile material in terms of determining whether it is generally valid to speak about images of power in relation to complex, multi-genre samples: historical works, dramaturgical works, journalism, and even satire. Among other questions which arise in the context of the stated theme are, “How meaningful and emotionally saturated is the image depending on the genre?” and “Can we say that the use of the category of the image guarantees a more adequate picture of the past and present created by the author?”. The conducted study convinces us that, as a rule, our author remains consistent in creating this or that character and this or that picture, whether we are talking about a historical work, a drama, or a satirical opus. In Szujski’s rich creative legacy, a cross-cutting theme is the problem of the perception of the national past and the impact of this past on the present, effectively the presence of the past in the present. Even taking into account the conventionality and arbitrariness of the images of power revealed in Szujski’s works, it should be recognised that the development of this theme has potential.
The Effects of Regular Treadmill Exercise on Some Blood Parameters in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ceylan Canan , Özsan Mehmet , Dönmez Nurcan
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effects of regular treadmill exercise on some blood parameters in rats with an experimental diabetes model. In the study, 36 Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups Control (C), Exercise (E), Diabetes (D), and Diabetes+Exercise (DE). A single dose of 60 mg/kg STZ solution was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) into the D and DE groups to create a diabetes model. After diabetes induction, E and DE groups were given running exercises at 20 m/min and 45 minutes daily for four weeks. According to the data obtained, while lipid profile (TC, LDL, TG) and liver enzyme (ALT, AST) levels increased significantly in group D compared to group C, HDL and TP levels were found to decrease. However, a decrease was observed in parameters other than HDL and TP in the DE group. It was also observed that the mineral and vitamin (Vit D, Ca, Mg, and Zn) levels decreased in the D group compared to the C group, while these values tended to increase in the DE group. As a result, the experiment shows that a four week regular exercise program in rats with diabetes has a therapeutic, preventive, and protective effect on lipoprotein levels, liver enzyme markers, and micronutrient levels.
Emotion in Motion: Perceiving fear in the behaviour of individuals from minimal motion capture displays
Authors: Crawford Matthew T , Maymon Christopher Nicholas , Miles Nicola , Blackburne Katie , Tooley Michael Douglas , Grimshaw Gina M.
Published: June 2023

The ability to quickly and accurately recognise emotional states is adaptive for numerous social functions. Although body movements are a potentially crucial cue for inferring emotions, few studies have studied the perception of body movements made in naturalistic emotional states. The current research focuses on the use of body movement information in the perception of fear expressed by targets in a virtual heights paradigm. Across three studies, participants made judgments about the emotional states of others based on motion-capture body movement recordings of those individuals actively engaged in walking a virtual plank at ground-level or 80 stories above a city street. Results indicated that participants were reliably able to differentiate between height and non-height conditions (Studies 1 & 2), were more likely to spontaneously describe target behaviour in the height condition as fearful (Study 2) and their fear estimates were highly calibrated with the fear ratings from the targets (Studies 1-3). Findings show that VR height scenarios can induce fearful behaviour and that people can perceive fear in minimal representations of body movement.
Filsafat, Ideologi, Paradigma, Teori, Model dan Inovasi Pendidikan
Authors: Herianto Herianto , Marsigit
Published: June 2023

Ada banyak alasan untuk mempelajari filsafat pendidikan. Apalagi jika menyangkut pertanyaan rasional yang tidak bisa dijawab di bidang sains dan pendidikan. Para profesional dan praktisi pendidikan percaya bahwa filosofi yang secara komprehensif membahas konsep dan praktik pendidikan merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan Pendidikan. Selanjutnya, pendidikan perlu inovatif untuk mengikuti dan memberikan arah yang jelas dalam menghadapi globalisasi dan modernisasi yang cepat. Yang dibutuhkan di sini adalah konstruksi filosofis yang dapat menopang teori dan praktik pendidikan untuk keberhasilan praktis.Teori dan praktik pendidikan memiliki ruang lingkup yang sangat luas yang mencakup semua gagasan dan pengalaman mengenai tujuan, proses, dan hasil pendidikan. Pendidikan dapat dipelajari secara empiris, berdasarkan pengalaman, atau direfleksikan dengan menelaah makna pendidikan dalam konteks yang lebih luas. Praktek pendidikan memerlukan teori pendidikan karena memiliki kelebihan sebagai berikut: (1) Sebagai pedoman untuk mengetahui arah dan tujuan yang akan dicapai; (2) Dengan memahami teori, kita dapat memilih mana yang dapat diterima dan mana yang tidak, sehingga mengurangi kesalahan dalam praktik pendidikan. (3) Sebagai indikasi latar belakang pendidika. Oleh karena itu, uraian ilmiah ini akan berupaya mengulas secara komprehensif dengan mendudukan “Teori, Model dan Inovasi Pendidikan” sebagai bidang kajian yang perlu diletakkan di atas landasan filosofis, ideologi dan paradigma pendidikan.
Benang Merah Pemikiran ‘Kritik Akal Budi’ Immanuel Kant
Authors: Herianto Herianto , Marsigit
Published: June 2023

Membaca buku The Critic of Pure Reason ibarat membuka gerbang sekaligus memasuki ruang pertama di rumah ‘pemikiran kritis’ salah satu filosof Barat di abad pertengahan yaitu Immanuel Kant. Dari buku ini, kita bisa menuklik dan memahami secara deduktif alur pemikiran yang disampaikan oleh Kant. Setelah membaca, kami mencoba menarik benang merah atau inti sari dengan narasi interpretatif, dengan harapan mampu memberikan pemaknaan yang konstruktif tanpa mengabaikan substansi pesan yang ingin disampaikan oleh penulisnya. Immanuel Kant memberikan pengantar dengan menjabarkan secara berurutan dari tahapan terbentuknya gagasan ‘Kritik Akal Budi’. Tahapan itu dituliskan menjadi 7 (tujuh) preposisi yang akan kami uraikan satu persatu, diantaranya: 1) Of the difference between pure and empirical knowledge; 2) The human intellect, even in an unphilosophical state, is in possession of certain cognitions "a priori"; 3) Philosophy stands in need of a science which shall determine the possibility, principles, and extent of human knowledge "a priori”; 4) Of the difference between analytical and synthetical judgments; 5) In all theoretical sciences of reason, synthetical judgments;a priori are contained as principles; 6) The universal problem of pure reason; 7) Idea and division of a particular science, under the name of a Critique of Pure Reason.
Shane Rattenbury, the Productivity Commission, and the Right to Repair: Intellectual Property, Consumer Rights, and Sustainable Development in Australia
Authors: Rimmer Matthew
Published: June 2023

Refereed Article. Matthew Rimmer, 'Shane Rattenbury, the Productivity Commission, and the Right to Repair: Intellectual Property, Consumer Rights, and Sustainable Development in Australia' (2023) 37 (3) Berkeley Technology Law Journal 989-1056. This Article tells the story of the fight for the right to repair in Australia. It is intended to complement comparative research elsewhere, looking at the right to repair in the United States and Canada; the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and the European Union; and other jurisdictions, such as South Africa. Part II of this paper considers the politics of the right to repair in Australia. It explains how Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Attorney-General Shane Rattenbury has sparked a larger law reform inquiry by the Productivity Commission into the right to repair. It highlights how Australia is particularly promising in terms of law reform – due to an unusual consensus amongst the major political parties across the usual divides. Part III focuses on the debate over intellectual property and the right to repair in Australia, and the recommendations of the Productivity Commission. It argues that there needs to be more than just copyright law reform; there should be matching reforms in designs law, trade mark law, patent law, trade secrets, and data protection. Part IV considers the recommendations of the Productivity Commission regarding consumer law and competition policy. It highlights the need for further law enforcement action to protect the right to repair. Part V explores the discussion about the right to repair in the context of sustainable development–looking at submissions on e-waste, the circular economy, and sustainable development. It contends that there should be greater law reform in these areas (going well beyond the limited recommendations of the Productivity Commission in this area). Part VI concludes by noting that the Productivity Commission has asked for action in particular markets in respect of automobiles, agricultural machinery, and tablets. The Article calls for the Australian Parliament to go further and recognise a more broadly based right to repair. Such a recognition will require a holistic approach, involving reforms to intellectual property laws, consumer rights and competition policy, and regulation of the environment and sustainable development. It maintains that it is necessary that the jurisdiction of Australia keep pace on the right to repair with its comparative partners.
Remote Monitoring of Implementation Fidelity Using Log-File Data from Multiple Online Learning Platforms
Authors: Vanacore Kirk , Ottmar Erin , Liu Allison , Sales Adam Chaim
Published: June 2023

Implementation monitoring is an essential component of efficacy studies in education research. Yet traditional methods of fidelity of implementation monitoring can be costly and imprecise. In this paper, we use log-file data from an efficacy study assessing the impact of gamified learning technologies on seventh grade students’ algebraic knowledge, to measure the fidelity of implementations remotely within and across each programs. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted plans for in-person observations, making reliance on remote monitoring imperative. We conducted an exploratory data analysis and estimated multi-level and latent profile models to explore the use of student level log file data to evaluate the qualities of their implementation contexts. Three metrics emerged as best suited to evaluate the students’ dosage and engagement in their respective programs. The percentage of assignments students started measured students’ dosage. Students’ engagement was best evaluated by two dimensions: the total number of problems they attempted during the study and their average problems completed per assignment. Teachers had the highest intraclass correlations on each fidelity metric, suggesting that in this study the teachers were the most important contextual factor in determining implementation fidelity. Finally, we identified two latent profiles of teachers: high and low fidelity. The analysis presented in this paper functions as both an evaluation of the teacher and student fidelity and as a proof of concept for how to use log-files to remotely monitor and evaluate implementation fidelity in other efficacy studies involving online learning platforms.
Errors Are The Stepping Stones to Learning: Trial-by-Trial Modeling Reveals Overwhelming Evidence for Mediator Retrievals of Previous Errors in Memory Consolidation
Authors: Leonard Bridget , Stocco Andrea
Published: June 2023

Recent studies suggest that errors facilitate learning in certain conditions. Despite this, reinforcement paradigms dominate learning methods, subscribing to the narrative that errorless learning is the foundation of an ideal learning environment. If we continue to view learning from this restrictive perspective, we may fail to capture and apply the benefits of errors. In this paper, we investigate two potential mechanisms of learning from errors. Participants (N = 61) learned word pairs in either a study or error trial before taking a final test. Supporting past error learning literature, errors before a study opportunity led to better performance on a final test. Differences in reaction times between conditions support the theory that errors increase learning by acting as a mediator, or secondary cue, to the correct answer on subsequent tests. Individual differences in model fit using log-likelihood trial-by-trial calculations solidified support for the mediator method.