bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic susceptibility profiling in diabetic foot ulcer patients and evaluating treatment outcomes at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kumar T. J. Prasanna , Ramineni Hari Babu , Shaik Reshma , Yellavula Suma Navya , Chandra Virajitha
Published: April 2020

Background: Diabetic foot infections are the predominant complications of diabetes mellitus with uncontrolled hyperglycemia levels. Multiple microbial invasion is the primary cause and the causative organism are aerobic gram positive cocci, gram negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Proteus species and anaerobes.Methods: This is a prospective, observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery. 50 patients constituted the sample in our study. Patients pus and wound swab samples were collected using sterile and moist swab sticks under aseptic conditions and processed.Results: More gram negative bacteria (66%) were isolated than gram positive bacteria (34%). E. coli (38%) is the major isolated microorganism. Among the isolated organisms many of them are susceptible to amikacin (60%), imipenem (52%) and ciprofloxacin (46%) respectively.Conclusions: E. coli is the most common cause of infection. The antibiogram study showed an incidence of multiple resistant microorganisms to commonly used antibiotics.
A rare case of obstructive ileus due to ileal pouch torsion: a case report and systematic review
Authors: P. Vrakopoulou Gavriella Zoi , Matiatou Maria A. , Larentzakis Andreas V. , Zografos George C. , Toutouzas Konstantinos G.
Published: April 2020

Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the standard surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis patients. Among others, it is important for clinicians to be aware of a rare, though urgent situation, the ileal pouch torsion. A high degree of suspicion is essential as obstruction due to pouch torsion is not likely to resolve conservatively. Delay in diagnosis and treatment can lead to pouch jeopardy and life-threatening complications. The aim of this study was to present a systematic review of the literature combined with the presentation of a case report of our department regarding this rare entity. A systematic literature review according to QUORUM guidelines was conducted in July 2019 using MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and COCHRANE databases. We included studies reporting pouch torsion after IPAA in English or German language with no restriction regarding publication time.  Outcomes after different treatment options, such as operative pouch detorsion, and/or pouchpexy, and/or pouch reconstruction, and/or end-ileostomy through laparoscopic or open procedures were evaluated. We identified 170 publications. After duplicates and irrelevant articles have been excluded, 25 publications remained for full-text review. Finally, 12 articles were included in this systematic review, concerning 14 cases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive systematic review on this topic to date.
Recurrent ruptured ectopic pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Pramana Cipta , Angelina Alicia , Hilwa Najwa Sufa , Munandar Avicennia Nandira , Lukas Ario , Hosein Ivan
Published: April 2020

Ruptured ectopic pregnancy is an emergency obstetric case which requires fast and correct management. Authors report an interesting case of a 27-years-old with recurrent ruptured ectopic pregnancy and underwent a laparoscopy and salpingostomy operation. The operation outcome was good with no perioperative complications and operating results. Ectopic pregnancy requires fast and correct management because this case is an emergency and can lead to mortality.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with aberrant hepatic artery presenting as hepatic abscess: a case report
Authors: Li Bing , Wang Jingyuan , Gong Jianping
Published: April 2020

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a primary hepatic malignancy that originates from epithelial cells of bile duct. Lack of diagnostic measures and therapies leads to an increasing number of deaths from ICC worldwide. Here we described a case of 61-year-old Chinese female, who initially presented with right upper quadrant pain, combined with the results that a low density mass accompanied by multiple nodules occupied the right liver lobe by CT-scan, which also showed an aberrant right hepatic artery that participated in the right liver lobe and origining from the superior mesenteric artery, this patient was clinically considered as hepatic abscess (HA). The patient’s right upper quadrant pain was alleviated after been treated with the infusion chemotherapy of the aberrant right hepatic artery (ARHA) via percutaneous femoral arterial catheterization by Seldinger technique (Meropenem 7 days) following the failure of the liver-puncture drainage.  However, the right upper quadrant pain occurred again 6 days later, serum CA19-9>1000.0 U/ml, which indicated the possibility of hepatic malignancy, so we performed laparotomy. The histopathological result of intraoperative frozen section demonstrated cholangiocarcinoma, unfortunately, it was unresectable. Finally, right lower lung pneumonia and pleural empyema happened to her and she succumbed to respiratory failure 22 days following surgery. In this report, we will discuss the case with reference to the literature.
A gaint thrombosed isolated femoral artery aneurysm: a rare entity
Authors: Reddy Gajulapalli Prudhvi Vardhan , Shrotriya Siddhant , Pathak Nitin J.
Published: April 2020

A 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to a swelling on her right inner thigh that was evident for six months. She had a history of trauma few months back, also history of stroke on anti-platelet treatment. Ultrasound of thigh suggestive of thrombosis in right femoral artery. Doppler suggestive of aneurysm of right femoral artery with thrombus. Right femoral artery aneurysm excision and thrombectomy done.
Colloid cyst: unusual location of petrous temporal bone
Authors: Chatterjee Sunayana , Rokade Vishal , Mali Sahil Rajesh
Published: April 2020

Colloid cysts are benign, thin walled spherical neoplasms, composed of a collagenous capsule, underlying epithelium that arises from brain’s epidermal embryonic remnants and a viscous centre. They are shown to approximate 0.5% of all intracranial tumours with no recorded evidence of the petrous temporal bone involvement. Colloid cyst of the petrous temporal bone often presents with clinical symptoms of headache, hearing loss, facial palsy and imbalance/vertigo. Which is diagnosed on radiological and histological findings. Histologically, they are lined by ciliated cuboidal to pseudo stratified columnar epithelium resting on an eosinophilic basement membrane. Imaging Techniques are helpful in early diagnosis and preventing further complications. Here we will be discussing about a 24-year-old female, a known case of petrous apex osseous haemangioma presenting with unstable gait and tingling sensation on one side of face leading to an incidental finding of a colloid cyst on petrous temporal bone through histological examination.
Neuroendocrine tumour of colon mimicking psoas abscess: an unusual presentation of an uncommon malignancy
Authors: Kumar Sanjana , Arora Jainendra K.
Published: April 2020

Psoas abscess is a rare disease usually arising due to a benign underlying pathology such as tuberculous disease of spine, Crohn’s disease and diverticulitis. But it can be an uncommon presentation of intra abdominal malignancy. Spontaneous rupture of colon cancer, combined with psoas abscess formation is very rare. Most of these cases have been reported in relation to carcinoma colon. Colon is an uncommon site for neuroendocrine tumors. 70-80% of these tumors are asymptomatic and are found incidentally at the time of surgery or on colonoscopy. Through this article we report a rare case of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of colon in an elderly man presenting as psoas abscess associated with intestinal obstruction.
Hepatic hydatid cyst: a masquerader
Authors: Kanhaiya Krishan Kumar , Kandoriya Bhimsi , Pandey Vineet , Kumar Viresh , Neogi Sushanto
Published: April 2020

Liver is the most common organ involved in echinococcosis. Organs affected by E granulosus are the liver (63%), lungs (25%) and muscles (5%). Rest of the organs are rarely affected.  Adrenal cysts are uncommon. Their size may range widely and the origin of large adrenal cysts is often difficult to distinguish from other organs, including the kidney, pancreas, spleen, and liver. A large right-sided adrenal cystic mass can rarely be mistaken for a hepatic cyst by imaging. In this report, authors have described an adrenal cyst in a 28 year old lady, who was diagnosed preoperatively to have a hepatic hydatid cyst but intraoperatively it was found to be of adrenal origin. The size of the adrenal cyst can vary from a few millimetres up to 50 cm in diameter. Majority of the adrenal cysts are unilateral, while 8-10% of those cysts have been noted to be present bilaterally. The majority of cases are diagnosed between the 3rd and 6th decades. Although uncommon, Adrenal cyst should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of upper abdominal cysts. Surgical excision is advisable when the cysts are symptomatic, greater than 5 cm in diameter and in the case of suspecting malignancy.
Inguinal abscess in twin infants
Authors: Sadhukhan Meghmala , Mishra Baikuntha N. , Joshi Ranjit K. , Pahi Prabin Prakash
Published: April 2020

Inguinal abscess is uncommon in infants and children. Majority of cases in the infantile period is primary and they present as leg or groin swelling, limitation of limb movement and pain. The source of microorganism is from the haematogenous spread of normal flora of the skin due to immature immune system. Ultrasound is the investigation of choice which confirms the diagnosis and delineates the areas of collection. Antibiotic alone is insufficient in most cases and drainage is required. Delayed treatment and inadequate drainage carry a high risk of mortality and sequelae due to damage to the underlying joint. We present 2 cases of primary inguinal abscess in twin infants who presented at 1 month and 2 months of age correspondingly, in whom early diagnosis and management lead to quick recovery.
Autologous chondrocyte transplantation: a phase 1 study protocol to validate the safety and feasibility of a new advanced cell therapy product for articular cartilage repair in Brazil
Authors: Zorzi Alessandro Rozim , Antonioli Eliane , Cohen Moises , Kaleka Camila Cohen , Kondo Andrea Tiemi , Kutner José Mauro , Ferretti Mario
Published: April 2020

Background: Membrane-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation is considered the gold standard surgical technique to treat greater than two millimetres diameter cartilage lesions in the knee in patients after conservative treatment failure. However, this technique is only available in developed countries of North America, Europe and Japan. According to Brazilian law, it is considered an advanced cell therapy product. There is currently no product of this type enabled for clinical use in Brazil. Following the request of the Brazilian regulatory agency (ANVISA), this phase 1 study was developed. The objective is to access feasibility and safety of a new membrane-assisted autologous chondrocyte product.

Methods: Three participants with a larger than two millimetres articular cartilage lesion in the distal femur or the patella, which did not improve their symptoms with conservative treatment, will be submitted to an arthroscopically assisted cartilage biopsy. After isolation and expansion in a good manufacturing practices facility, chondrocyte seeded collagen membranes will be surgically inserted in the lesion and fixed with fibrin glue. The follow-up period will last 1 year. Primary outcome will be incidence and severity of complications according to NCI-CTCAE version 4.0. Secondary outcomes will be Western-Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scale, International Knee Documentation Committee subjective scale and magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue magnetic resonance scale.

Conclusions: This study, together with previous preclinical results and international experience, will allow patients in Latin America to have access to this advanced cell therapy.

Trial Registration: Brazilian registry of clinical trials RBR-6fgy76 (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-6fgy76/). Ethical approval: CAAE: 73911617.2.0000.0071.
A cross-sectional observational study of lipid profile of cirrhosis of liver patients in a teaching hospital in North Odisha, India
Authors: Behera Bibhu P.
Published: April 2020

Background: Lipids are essential component of biological membranes: also a part of free molecules and metabolic regulators which control cellular function and homeostasis in the body. Liver plays a central role in lipid metabolism. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification includes serum lipid profile. In the general population; global prevalence of cirrhosis from autopsy studies ranges from 4.5% to 9.5%. Deaths from cirrhosis have been estimated to increase and would make it as the 12th leading cause of death in 2020. Although several studies have been conducted on dyslipidemia in cirrhotics in developed countries, there is a paucity of data in this regard in India.Methods: This observational study was carried out amongst 60 cirrhosis patients that fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria and attended the medicine OPD and admitted in medicine ward of Pandit Raghunath Murmu Medical College and Hospital, Baripada, Dist. Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India from June 2018 to Jan 2019.Results: In our study we had 52 were male and 8 were female. The average age of the patients in the study was 49.62±13.59 yrs. 91.67 % of the patients were alcoholic. Abdominal distension (93.33%) and ascites (81.67%) were most common presenting complaints. Pallor was present in 65.00% cases. Splenomegaly was present in 29 (48.33%) patients of cirrhosis of liver. Renal dysfunction was present in 22 (36.67%) cases. We found decreased HDLC (<40 mg/ Dl) in 34 (56.67%) cases. Hypolipidemia, in particular decreased HDLC level is also an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and vascular events.Conclusions: From this study we can conclude that lipid abnormalities are commonly seen in patients with liver cirrhosis and screening for the same is important for intervention with appropriate therapy to prevent cardiovascular events. Further studies on lipid abnormalities in these patients and the need for treatment are recommended.
A study of correlation of serum albumin with dengue severity
Authors: . Thyagaraj , T. Sreedevi
Published: April 2020

Background: Dengue viruses are flavivirus, which include four serotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4. Clinical expression of dengue virus infection vary from asymptomatic infection to severe dengue with shock. It is the most rapidly spreading vector borne disease in the world. An estimated 50 million dengue infections occur annually and approximately 2.5 billion people live in dengue endemic countries. The objective of this study was to predict the severity of Dengue illness by correlating the serum albumin levels.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study done on patients admitted in Basaveshwara Medical College and Research Institute, Chitradurga, Karnataka, a tertiary care Hospital. Patients with Dengue NS1 Ag or IgM positive are included in the study after meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Complete Blood count, serum albumin levels are estimated at the time of admission.Results: Study enrolled 100 patients with confirmed Dengue virus infection who were admitted to the hospital between July 2017 and December 2018. Serum samples taken within 24 hours of admission was used for biochemical tests. Out of 100 patients, 24 developed Severe Dengue. Cases of Severe Dengue had low levels of serum albumin. Multivariate analysis showed that early alterations of albumin i.e. out of 24 patients who developed severe dengue, 21 patients i.e. 92.7% had low albumin of <3gm/dlConclusions: Early changes in biochemical parameter, serum albumin can predict Severe Dengue in patients with Dengue febrile illness.
Clinical efficacy and safety of lurasidone in schizophrenia: 8 week randomized double blind active controlled trial
Authors: Saxena Unnati , Nischal Anuradha , Nischal Anil , Mahdi Abbas Ali , Agarwal Manu , Tripathi Adarsh
Published: April 2020

Background: Schizophrenia comprises a group of disorders with heterogeneous etiologies, it includes patients whose clinical presentations, treatment response, and courses of illness vary. This study was carried to study the clinical efficacy and safety of Lurasidone versus Risperidone on psychopathology and cognition in patients with first episode of schizophrenia.Methods: Patients diagnosed with first episode of schizophrenia were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized to 80 mg/d (n = 27) of Lurasidone or 6mg/d (n = 27) of Risperidone. Efficacy assessments included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores, Schizophrenia cognition rating scale (SCoRS). IL-6 estimation was done and safety assessment was done using UKU side effect rating scale.Results: During the eight weeks of study; significant improvement was observed in PANSS total and all its subscale scores with both Lurasidone and Risperidone. Mean change in PANSS scores were not significant between the groups (-32.93 vs -35.33 p>0.05). Mean change in SCoRS scores were significantly higher in Lurasidone group as compared to risperidone group (-8.43 vs -2.34, p<0.001). Significant reduction in the IL-6 levels with both the groups but mean change in IL-6 levels were not significant between the group (-10.47 vs -8.31, p>0.05). UKU side effect rating scores were significantly higher with Risperidone as compared to Lurasidone (p<0.001).Conclusions: Lurasidone is as effective as Risperidone in improving psychopathology in patient of schizophrenia. Lurasidone proved more efficacious in improving cognition as compared to Risperidone. Both the treatment modalities are efficacious in lowering IL-6 levels. Lurasidone causes less adverse effects as compared to Risperidone.
Incidence of scrub typhus in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India
Authors: Munsi Kausik , Das Sayonee , Islam Ramiz , Biswas Parvez Shahide , Ganguly Satyabrata , Mukherji Mayur Bahan
Published: April 2020

Background: Authors aimed to identify incidence of scrub typhus among patients of fever. Scrub typhus is an endemic disease in India caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, transmitted by trombiculid mites. It is an important cause of acute febrile illness in India. Signs and symptoms include fever, headache, myalgia and GI symptoms and is generally associated with morbilliform rash (<40%), eschar (<50%) which is due to bite of the mite. Abnormal LFTs and lymphocytosis are commonly seen in early phase of illness. It’s often labelled as PUO. Early diagnosis and prompt administration of therapy mostly leads to complete recoveryMethods: Authors screened 100 patients presenting with fever, malaise, headache, with or without rash for more than a week from the month of May to December 2019. Routine blood investigations with fever profile (Dengue NS1 antigen, MP, MPDA, TyphidotM) and cultures were done. Patients in whom no cause of fever could be established, having lymphocytosis, hyponatremia and transaminitis, they were tested for Scrub typhus by using Indirect immunofluorescence & detection of IgM antibody.Results: Total 22 patients were found positive for scrub typhus by using the aforementioned method (22%). Male: Female ratio was 3:4 (9 vs 12). Patients were in the age group of 16-76 years. Lymphocytosis, hyponatremia and transaminitis were cardinal features seen in almost all patients diagnosed with Scrub Typhus.Conclusions: This study will help clinicians to have a stronger suspicion of scrub typhus in undiagnosed febrile patients.
A study to estimate the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy among asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: S. Nagaraja B. , J. Manjula
Published: April 2020

Background: Diabetes is a life long illness characterized by increased blood glucose levels. According to International Diabetes Federation, the number of diabetes already reached 451 million in 2017 and estimated that in 2045, 693 million people will have diabetes. Approximately, 27% of the direct medical cost of diabetes may be attributed to DPN. The objectives of the current study were to estimate the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy among asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. The data gained from this study can aid health care providers and primary care providers to understand the occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: Study was conducted on patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes in hospitals attached to BMCRI .It is a Cross sectional Correlational study done from February 2019 to June 2019. 88 patients who consented for the study and diagnosed with T2DM for at least a period of 5 year were included. Recently diagnosed T2DM, T1DM, pregnant female, patients on chemotherapeutic agents, known case Peripheral neuropathy of any other cause and patients not willing to participate in the study were excluded.Results: Total 57(64.77%) males and 31(35.22%) females with mean 41.12±15 years. Patients relevant history related to of diabetic peripheral neuropathy collected and Michigan peripheral neuropathy screening instrument (MNSI) assessment done using monofilament testing and vibrotherm (table 3). It was noted that 26.13% (23) patients had objective signs of peripheral neuropathy, 17.04% were males, and female (9.09%) and p value were statistically significant <0.001.Conclusions: Our study concluded that, 26.13% occurrence of Peripheral neuropathy in asymptomatic patients with duration of T2DM >5 years. The neuropathy was independently associated with age and duration of symptoms of diabetes prior to the diagnosis.
Analysis of the effect of sodium valproate sustained release tablets on epilepsy control and cognitive improvement in elderly patients
Authors: Xu Guixing , Xiao Fang , Liu Hua , Zheng Donghua
Published: April 2020

Background: To study the effect of sodium valproate sustained release tablets on epilepsy control and cognitive function improvement in elderly patients.Methods: Study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019, the elderly epilepsy patients admitted in our center were prospectively collected and divided into experimental group and control group according to the method of random number table. The experimental group was treated with sodium valproate sustained-release tablets, and the control group was treated with carbamazepine tablets. The epilepsy control rate and cognitive function improvement of the two groups were observed.Results: total of 71 patients entered the study, including 36 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group; the epilepsy control rate (p = 0.03) and the improvement of cognitive function (p = 0.01) in the experimental group were better than those in the control group.Conclusions: Sodium valproate sustained-release tablets can improve the epilepsy control rate and cognitive function of elderly epilepsy patients, but it needs further large samples and external data validation.
Epicardial fat thickness and severity of coronary artery disease: a review
Authors: G. Vignesh , . Tumbanatham
Published: April 2020

People with diabetes are at high risk of coronary artery disease (CAD,) duration of diabetes is directly proportional to macro vascular complications. Epicardial fat through its various mechanism and anatomical closeness to the myocardium it has the direct impact on the severity of CAD. Aim of the study was to determine the correlation between epicardial fat thickness and severity of coronary artery disease in diabetic patients using syntax scoring system. The references used in this review were identified through PubMed and Google Schlor searches of articles published for the last 20 years. Search terms included CAD, correlation of EFT in CAD, syntax scoring system , Gensini scoring system, 2D-ECHO, diabetes in CAD. We reviewed 50 articles done on only humans. We reviewed relevant review articles also. It can be concluded that Epicardial fat thickness has significant correlation with severity of coronary artery disease.
Test the effectiveness of antibacterial effect of the skin of the pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) extract against the growth of Escherichia coli in vitro
Authors: . Niken , Arman Eliza , Yusuf Rahmi Novita , Morika Honesty Diana
Published: April 2020

Background: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is one of the traditional medicines that contains antibacterial compounds that are effective against bacterial growth. Its chemical content includes saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium which is a normal flora germ found in the human large intestine. These bacteria are pathogenic when they are outside the intestine and produce enterotoxins in epithelial cells which cause diarrhea. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of pomegranate skin extract on the growth of Escherichia coli.Methods: This study used an experimental design study with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups namely groups 1 (15 ug/ml), 2 (20 ug/ml), 3 (25 ug/ml), positive control (ciprofloxatin), negative control. Making pomegranate peel extract was done by maceration method then rotary, after that the effectiveness of pomegranate extract extracted by the diffusion method was tested using Anova one-way test.Results: The results showed that the extract of pomegranate peel showed that it was able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli with a ratio of constants (15 ug/ml, 20 ug/ml, 25 ug/ml with inhibition diameters of 6.7 mm, 6.7 mm, 6, 7 mm, while for positive control with ciprofloxatin showed bacterial resistance to antibiotics.Conclusions: Statistically, pomegranate skin extract has an antibacterial power which is meaningful with p 0.005. Pomegranate rind extract has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli medium because inhibition zone is 5-10 mm.
Assessment of pre-hospital and in-hospital factors leading to delays in initiation of treatment in patient with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Kashyap Jeet Ram , Sood Ishita , Kashyap Rashmi
Published: April 2020

Background: India has the highest burden of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in the world. While managing patients with ACS, especially those with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), time plays an important role in determining the morbidity and mortality.Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted among patients admitted with symptomatic STEMI. Questionnaire based information was obtained regarding demographic profile, risk factors, treatment seeking behaviour including duration and reasons for delay and treatment in the hospital. Outcome was assessed at discharge and at 30 days.Results: A total of 100 patients were given a definite diagnosis of STEMI. The mean age was 55.38 (SD 10.28) years. Majority 80 (80%) were males and females constituted 20%. Sedentary lifestyle was the major risk factor present in sixty (60%) patients. The median time from symptoms to hospital was 420 min (range 30-2880 minutes). Only 17% patients reached hospital within 2 hours of symptoms and 37% between 2 to 6 hours and 46% after 6 hours. Thirty five patients (35%) thought it to be a heart attack. Hospital delay was recorded in 50% patients with ECG done in more than 10 minutes. Outcome at 30 day depicted as mortality in three patients with loss to follow in 18 (18%) and angina in 6 out of 81 (7.4%) patients.Conclusions: Both pre hospital and in hospital delays have adverse effect on the outcome and thus efforts should be made to minimize these delays.
High birth order pregnancy and unmet need of contraception in semi-urban population in India: a comparison of two cross sectional surveys performed 10 years apart
Authors: Chadha Shikha , Mittal Shweta , Sharma Parwati
Published: April 2020

Background: Rising population is the greatest problem facing the country. The current study was done to find out reasons behind the failure of two child norm policy and to find out the changes in last 10 years in this regard.Methods: A cross sectional survey was done at a referral hospital involving the pregnant women with two or more live children. The Performa used for survey was same as that used 10 years back for a similar study. A comparative analysis was done.Results: A large number of high birth order pregnancies remains unintended (47.47% versus 46.06%). Intended pregnancies still reflect a preference for male child (58.78% versus 54.62%). Unintended pregnancies involves a large population with unmet need of contraception.Conclusions: The prevalence of unmet need for family planning remains high in our society. There is a dire need of better client friendly family planning services especially in antenatal clinics along with educating men and women regarding the importance of planning ones family.
The changing clinico-demographic profile of dengue infection in children: a hospital-based study from eastern India
Authors: Purkait Radheshyam , Basu Rajarshi
Published: April 2020

Background: Many parts of India, including the eastern regions, are now endemic for the dengue infection with increased recognition of atypical neurological manifestations apart from the classical clinical features.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of paediatrics in a tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern India from July 2019 to November 2019 to determine the changing trends of the clinical features in the dengue patients of this region in the recent years among paediatric populations. All the serologically confirmed dengue patients admitted during this period satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study population and classified as per new WHO-2009 classification into: dengue fever without warning signs (DF), dengue fever with warning signs (DFWS) and severe dengue (SD). Detailed history, clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded and analysed for all children.Results: Out of the total of 110 cases, 16 cases (14.55%) were DF, 80 cases (72.73%) were DFWS and 14 cases (12.73%) were SD. The commonest age group affected (63.64 %) was between 4-<10 years. The male: female ratio of cases was 1.68:1. Besides classical clinical manifestations, we observed CNS involvement in nine cases (8.18%). Among them, five patients had dengue encephalitis, two patients had dengue encephalopathy, one patient had hypokalemic paralysis and one patient had Guillain-Barré syndrome. All the patients were treated as per standard guidelines.Conclusions: Clinician must be aware of such association during dengue outbreak because early diagnosis and appropriate supportive care can reverse this potentially fatal disease.
Epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of food poisoning in an officers’ mess
Authors: Pardal Maninder Pal Singh , Bhalwar RajVir , Mehta V. K. , . Rajiva
Published: April 2020

Background: Foodborne infection is a major cause of illness and death worldwide, having long term effects on children’s growth; and considerable illness, heavily affecting healthcare systems. To investigate an outbreak of food poisoning which occurred in an officers’ mess.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the setting of an officers’ mess in an army unit. Standard statistical methods such as calculation of percentage and Chi square were utilized for analysis.Results: It was observed that seven (63.6364%) cases were amongst officers, 3 (27.2727%) cases were among ladies and 1 (9.0909%) case was amongst ORs. 100% cases occurred within 9 to 20 hours of consuming the food.Conclusions: A small scale outbreak of food poisoning occurred in an officers’ mess in a military establishment. Clinically the most likely causative organism was suspected to be Salmonella typhimurium. No microbiological confirmation could be carried out as no food sample was available for the same.
Participatory training program on HIV/AIDS among anganwadi workers for training adolescent girls: an experience from a rural area of Karaikal, Puducherry, India
Authors: Sundaram Ramkumar , Srinivasan Vijayalakshmi
Published: April 2020

Background: Recently HIV epidemic in India was gradually escalating to low risk groups like adolescents. Focusing on adolescent empowerment is the strategy for obtaining their adherence to prevention of HIV/AIDS. Though anganwadi workers (AWWs) play a critical role in creating awareness on behaviour change in the community; also, they need an excellent knowledge on HIV/AIDS before creating awareness to the community. So, this study aimed to assess the knowledge on HIV/AIDS among adolescent girls and AWWs and also to determine the effectiveness of Participatory Training Program to AWWs in bringing improvements in the knowledge among adolescent girls.Methods: Present quasi-experimental study was conducted among adolescent girls ages 15 to 18 years at Serumavilangai Village, Karaikal, Puducherry during June-September 2018. AWWs from the selected village were included for participatory training program.Results: Total 86 adolescents participated the survey. Awareness regarding HIV/AIDS was only 40% before intervention. FGD among AWWs showed poor knowledge on HIV/AIDS. During intervention, AWWs were used as a medium for giving interventions, it was observed that there was a wide difference in their knowledge of adolescent girls before and after intervention (81.4%) on HIV/AIDS with statistical significance (0.03).Conclusions: Before intervention awareness on HIV/AIDS were lacking in both adolescent girls and AWWs. This shows a difficulty in accessing health information in rural India. Therefore, providing periodic training programme to AWWs as peer health educators for disseminating information on HIV/AIDS may bridge the gap by proving valid information’s to high risk groups in the community.
Corona kills corona: convalescent sera option for global war against corona virus disease 2019
Authors: . Babita , Punia Anita , Jha S. K. , Jangra Mahavir
Published: April 2020

On December 31st, 2019 China reported first case of atypical pneumonia in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province. The causative virus was found to be a beta coronavirus, closely related to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1) from 2003 and similar to Sarbeco viruses isolated from bats. It was therefore termed SARS-CoV-2 and the disease was named corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The outbreak in Wuhan expanded quickly and led to the lockdown of Wuhan and other parts of China. While the lockdown, at least temporarily, brought the situation under control in China, but SARS-CoV-2 spread globally causing a pandemic with more than 4 lakh infections and about 19000 fatalities (as of March 25, 2020). Nucleic acid tests that detect the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome were quickly developed and are now widely employed to diagnose COVID-19.
Study of surgical management of fracture of proximal humerus by PHILOS plate and screws
Authors: Seetharam Channappa T. , Jayaram Manju , Bachhappa Shivakumar H. , Ramalingaiah Yatish , Hadi Syed Abdul
Published: April 2020

Background: Proximal humerus fracture accounts for about 5% of all fractures in recent advances proximal humerus fractures are often managed operatively with PHILOS plate which provides greater angular stability and study was aimed at to assess functional outcome of PHILOS plate fixation in proximal humerus fractures.

Methods: Prospective study of 31 cases of proximal humerus fractures admitted and operated in Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital November 2017 to May 2019 of which 4 patients died due to medical comorbidities so 27 patients were studied. Follow-up of these patients was done at 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks with functional evaluation was done using Constant and Murley (CM) scoring and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) scoring.

Results: CM scoring and DASH scoring was applied to analyze the functional outcome among the cases. Most of the patients had excellent outcome (52%) followed by good (26%), fair (8%) and poor (15%) outcome according to CM scoring and according to DASH scoring 20.21 was mean score and mean CM score was 77.62. Complications observed were impingement in 1 patient, avascular necrosis in 2 patient and non union in 1 case.

Conclusions: We conclude that the use of PHILOS plate for the fixation of proximal humerus fractures is a good device as it provides rigid fixation and early mobilisation and prevented complications. Precontoured locking plates work on the principle of angular stability, divergent screws, less disruption of vascularity and less chances of plate failure.
Bilateral symmetrical anterior fracture dislocation of shoulder
Authors: Kumar Yogendra , Bhaskar Shashi Kul , Lal Bharti , Gahnolia Vijendra
Published: April 2020

The incidence of simultaneous bilateral shoulder joint dislocation is rare and is almost always posterior usually caused by violent muscle contraction as in patients with seizure disorders or who experience electric shock or undergo electroconvulsive therapy. simultaneous bilateral fracture-dislocation is even rarer, with a few cases reported in the literature. We report an unusual case with dislocation of the both shoulder joints in anterior direction after a seizure episode, With symmetrical unifocal 2-part extraarticular vertical fracture of proximal end segment of humerus (11A3) both sides. Although there have been a few reports of bilateral symmetrical fracture dislocations of the shoulder in the past, an injury pattern resembling our case has, to the best of our knowledge, not been described in the literature so far. Our report describes regarding the mechanism of injury in a case of a bilateral symmetrical anterior fracture dislocation following a seizure episode that treated with open reduction internal fixation using proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS). At final follow-up, the patient had healed fractures, painless near normal range of motion.
Endoscopy assisted extended curettage in a rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst involving the 2nd metatarsal of a child
Authors: Borgohain Bhaskar , Ahmed Kashif A. , Khonglah Tashi G.
Published: April 2020

Aneurysmal bone cysts account for only 1% of all bone tumours and of these only a handful of reported cases occur in the foot. They can mimic other bone tumours on imaging studies, thus making histological diagnosis mandatory. Aneurysmal bone cyst of a metatarsal is very rare especially in children and only few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the novel management option for a rare case of an Aneurysmal bone cyst localized to the second metatarsal in a 5 years old boy who presented with limping, local pain, and minimal swelling in his left foot. Tissue diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of needle biopsy. Surgery was in the form of extended curettage using an endoscope with a high-speed burr and cautery. The remnant cavity was filled up with artificial bone graft. Histopathology analysis of the resected tissue was consistent with Aneurysmal bone cyst. There was complete healing at final follow-up at 2 years. Endoscopy assisted extended curettage appears to be an ideal treatment option as it provides a perfect visualisation of the interior of the entire cyst and use of cautery and burr more accurately under direct vision which potentially leaves only a minimal scope for recurrence. Use of artificial bone grafts instead of conventional autogenous bone grafts to reduce graft site morbidity in children and stimulate local foreign body reaction for enhancing residual tumour cell kill if any and also to promote bony sclerosis for healing.
Księgi jubileuszowe polskich parafii w Stanach Zjednoczonych jako źródło do badań naukowych
Authors: Furtak Maria Anna
Published: April 2020

Amerykańska Polonia posiada bogatą historię i może poszczycić się wieloma osiągnięciami na różnych polach kultury. Wśród jej wytworów są tzw. jubilee books polskich parafii, powstające już od końca XIX wieku w celu upamiętnienia ważnych dla społeczności polskich wydarzeń. Te jubileuszowe publikacje odznaczają się bogactwem informacji i poruszają wiele zagadnień związanych z życiem parafii, właściwych także całej amerykańskiej Polonii. Z tego powodu stanowią źródło, cenne dla historyków, historyków sztuki, socjologów i innych badaczy zajmujących się tą polską diasporą.

Dlatego też celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie fenomenu jubilee books polskich parafii w Stanach Zjednoczonych, tego czym są, z jakich powodów powstawały i jakie są ich cechy charakterystyczne, jak również określenie ich roli w dzisiejszej nauce.
Z Dalekiego Wschodu na Bliski Wschód, do Afryki Północnej i Europy. Polacy z Mandżurii w szeregach Wojska Polskiego w latach 1939-1945
Authors: Borysiewicz Mariusz
Published: April 2020

Historia Polaków wywodzących się z Mandżurii, którzy brali udział w kampanii wrześniowej, a także w walkach Samodzielnej Brygady Strzelców Karpackich, jak i innych jednostek Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie, to nie tylko niezwykle chlubna karta dziejów Polonii mandżurskiej, lecz również oręża polskiego oraz narodu polskiego walczącego o swoje przetrwanie w szczególnie ciężkich warunkach II wojny światowej. Bohaterska postawa wielu Polaków z Mandżurii walczących w Wojsku Polskim jest tym bardziej godna uwagi, że część z nich znała Polskę wyłącznie z opowiadań swoich rodziców bądź nauczycieli, mimo to po jej upadku w 1939 r. byli oni gotowi do walki o jej wyzwolenie.
The Activity of the W.R.S.-N.C.W.C. American Catholic Social and Charity Organization During the War and Post-War Period
Authors: Nir Roman
Published: April 2020

Działalność Amerykańskiej Katolickiej Organizacji w czasie wojny i w okresie powojennym

Celem tego artykułu jest przedstawienie ogólnego zarysu działalności Amerykańskiej Katolickiej Organizacji Charytatywnej i Społecznej – War Relief Services-National Catholic Welfare Conference, a także jej wybranych aspektów w niektórych krajach podczas drugiej wojny światowej i kolejnych lat. Ma on zachęcić innych badaczy do podjęcia dalszych badań na ten temat.
Emigracyjna polityka ograniczania skutków komunistycznej propagandy. Wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Zapart Robert
Published: April 2020

Narzuconemu Polsce siłą przez obce mocarstwa nowemu ładowi politycznemu towarzyszyło prowadzone przez władze komunistyczne „zmiękczanie” społeczeństwa logicznymi argumentami, które miały wykazać zasadność wprowadzonych rozwiązań przebudowujących przedwojenne pojęcia związane z racją stanu, a więc nadrzędnością określonych interesów państwa nad innymi wartościami publicznymi i prywatnymi, w tym między innymi jego suwerennością, niezależnością i pozycją w stosunkach międzynarodowych. Wdrażany przez nie konsekwentnie, dostosowany do każdego wieku i poziomu intelektualnego przekaz, miał ukształtować nowego człowieka, będącego namacalną personifikacją przyszłych zwycięstw systemu. Odcięcie jednostek od obiektywnych źródeł informacji, a zatem podstawowych wartości intelektualnej egzystencji w przestrzeni publicznej, z jednoczesnym poddawaniem ich nieustającemu naciskowi nowości doktrynalnych, w tym choćby najbardziej nonsensownych twierdzeń, skutkować miało w dłuższej perspektywie zatraceniem przez nie poczucia prawdy i przyjęciem monopolistycznych, zmanipulowanych na ideologiczny użytek przekazów o rzeczywistości. Próbowały metodologicznie przeciwdziałać tej inżynierii społecznej władze RP na uchodźstwie oraz elity emigracyjnego dziennikarstwa, których wysiłki w tym zakresie zostały przybliżone w artykule.

Przedmiotem porównawczej analizy naukowej były mechanizmy i instrumenty oddziaływania propagandy komunistycznej na polskie społeczeństwo oraz przyjęte przez polityczne elity środowisk wychodźczych metody przeciwdziałania tym niekorzystnym dla niej zjawiskom. Jej część stanowiła również konfrontacja dwóch przeciwstawnych sobie publikacji, autorstwa krajowego polityka – Adama Rapackiego oraz emigracyjnego publicysty – Józefa Kisielewskiego. W podsumowaniach autor zwrócił uwagę, że głównym problemem, z którym nie mogło uporać się przymusowe wychodźstwo, była postępująca i niepokonywalna ówcześnie ideologiczna izolacja Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej od rządzącej się według zasad demokracji zachodniej części kontynentu, a w ślad za tym – poważne ograniczenie możliwości wpływania na indoktrynacyjny przekaz ze strony bazującego na sowieckich doświadczeniach przeciwnika politycznego. W jego ocenie analiza zastosowanych w ubiegłym wieku mechanizmów propagandowego ubezwłasnowolniania społeczeństwa i wybranych środków przeciwdziałania temuż ograniczającemu podmiotowość suwerena zagrożeniu, pozwoli wyeliminować lub ograniczyć na przyszłość zapędy potencjalnych naśladowców minionych elit przywódczych.
Towarzystwo Historyczno-Literackie i Biblioteka Polska w Paryżu: doświadczenie wymiany międzybibliotecznej w roku 2008/2009
Authors: Okarma Joanna
Published: April 2020

W artykule przedstawiono historię Towarzystwa Historyczno-Literackiego / Biblioteki Polskiej w Paryżu znajdujących się na Wyspie Świętego Ludwika od momentu powołania przez Wielką Emigrację do czasów współczesnych. Opisowi poddano strukturę wewnętrzną Towarzystwa Historyczno-Literackiego i Biblioteki Polskiej oraz udostępniane zbiory: archiwa i rękopisy w Pracowni Zbiorów Specjalnych (jedynie naukowcom i badaczom), książki i czasopisma w Czytelni, zbiory artystyczne w Pracowni Kolekcji Artystycznych. Krótko omówiono mało znane wśród Polaków trzy muzea: Muzeum Adama Mickiewicza, Salon Fryderyka Chopina, Muzeum Bolesława Biegasa, stanowiące ekspozycje stałe integralnie wkomponowane w gmach Biblioteki Polskiej w Paryżu. Uwagę skupiono na własnych zawodowych doświadczeniach bibliotekarskich w Bibliotece Polskiej pod kątem dubletów i wymiany międzybibliotecznej w roku 2008/2009 i życiu codziennym, jakie w niej się toczyło. Równolegle do opisu THL/BPP sygnalizowano ówczesne losy pobliskiej rezydencji historycznej Hôtel Lambert, niegdyś należącej do rodu książąt Czartoryskich i stanowiącej polskie centrum kulturalno-polityczne. Zwrócono uwagę na przebieg debaty publicznej oraz sprzeciw francuskich środowisk konserwatorskich i Polonii francuskiej, która miała miejsce od grudnia 2008 do marca 2009 r. wobec planu przebudowy i modernizacji oryginalnej zabudowy Hotelu Lambert przez nowego właściciela.
Związek Polaków na Białorusi w polskiej polityce zagranicznej w latach 2008-2010
Authors: Włodarczyk Anna
Published: April 2020

Po przejęciu władzy w Polsce przez Platformę Obywatelską w 2007 r., nastąpiła zmiana polskiej polityki zagranicznej wobec Białorusi. Gabinet Donalda Tuska postanowił nawiązać oficjalne kontakty z członkami białoruskiego rządu. Najtrudniejszą barierą dla poprawy stosunków dwustronnych był podział w Związku Polaków na Białorusi. Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych postanowiło rozwiązać ten problem tak, aby białoruski rząd mógłby go zaakceptować. W 2008 r. Polscy dyplomaci podjęli poufne rozmowy ze swoimi białoruskimi odpowiednikami na temat polskiej mniejszości. Negocjatorzy postanowili stworzyć dwustronny zespół roboczy, który musiał znaleźć rozwiązanie konfliktu wokół Związku Polaków na Białorusi. Polska zadeklarowała, że pogłębienie stosunków dwustronnych zależy od poprawy sytuacji polskiej mniejszości narodowej. Mimo że główny problem tej grupy pozostał nierozwiązany, dialog trwał trzy lata. Rzeczywiście, Polska uniknęła zakłócania dialogu, który był prowadzony między Białorusią a Unią Europejską. Jego celem było zmniejszenie zależności Białorusi od Rosji. Polska zakończyła kontakty z białoruskimi urzędnikami w grudniu 2010 r. Powodem tego nie były nierozwiązane problemy polskiej mniejszości, ale oszustwo w wyborach prezydenckich na Białorusi i brutalne stłumienie protestu opozycji.