bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistema especialista para prognóstico de distúrbios de aprendizagem: situações de dislexia e discalculia
Authors: Franck Kewry Mariobo , Silva Maria Carollyna dos Santos , Oliveira Kévelin Nayara Lopes , Ferreira Romário Vitorino , Olivas José Rodolfo Milazzotto , Coelho Wallison Storck
Published: January 2024

Perante a crescente necessidade de lidar com as complexidades de identificações dos distúrbios de aprendizagem, este estudo propõe destacar a importância dos prognósticos e a capacidade do sistema especialista baseado em inteligência artificial como uma ferramenta promissora ao resultado. A integração da tecnologia e psicologia neuropsicológica, busca oferecer um método eficaz e rápido para predizer os distúrbios de aprendizado, como a dislexia e discalculia, proporcionando uma intervenção precoce e direcionamento adequado, independente da faixa etária. Utilizando a plataforma Expert SINTA, o sistema se fundamenta em regras de produção e probabilidades, simplificando a implementação dos sistemas especialistas. Este trabalho presa destaca a importância da identificação precoce desses distúrbios, sendo apresentado uma visão abrangente sobre dislexia e discalculia através das pesquisas, explorando a aplicação da inteligência artificial na predição desses distúrbios, culminando na apresentação do Expert SINTA, sendo modelado a ferramenta para o prognóstico de distúrbios de aprendizagem, que consiste em um questionário elaborado de maneira eficaz perante aos resultado e demonstrando a capacidade do sistema na resolutiva da presente situação. A pesquisa conclui, a essência da necessidade de identificar e ajudar a população a predizer os distúrbios de aprendizagem, pois apresenta-se um aumento significativo em casos tardios ou sem identificação, destacando a integração da tecnologia no direcionamento precisamente a um profissional adequado ao tratamento.
Requalificação urbana do Parque Caiara através de diagnóstico espacial
Authors: Silva Simone de Paula , De Araújo Maria do Socorro Bezerra , Da Silva Ronaldo Faustino
Published: January 2024

Nos grandes centros urbanos é crescente o número de parques que se encontram degradados e subutilizados. Os motivos estão relacionados a manutenção precária, depredação, escassez de recursos públicos e falta de diagnóstico espacial que pontuem os reais problemas destes espaços.  A elaboração de relatórios técnicos e diagnóstico espacial dos parques, concomitantemente com a participação da comunidade circunvizinha, são fundamentais para o bom planejamento urbano, visando a utilização efetiva e diminuição do abandono ou subutilização dos parques. Na cidade brasileira de Recife, o Parque Caiara constitui um dos maiores equipamentos urbanos de esporte e lazer que ao longo dos anos vem passando por diferentes requalificações, porém sem êxito duradouro. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objetivo a elaboração de um diagnóstico espacial do Caiara, através de visitas de campo, registro fotográfico e observações a respeito dos aspectos comportamentais dos usuários e usabilidade, visando observação direta dos critérios de qualidade.
As contribuições da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica na formação continuada dos gestores públicos da educação especial
Authors: Vieira Islene da Silva , De Almeida Mariangela Lima , Da Silva Isalém Angelo Vieira , Carvalho Damila Soares
Published: January 2024

Neste trabalho discutimos as contribuições da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica na formação continuada dos Gestores Públicos da Educação Especial no Estado do Espírito Santo. Buscou, pela via do diálogo com os sujeitos envolvidos, compreender como se deu esse processo de negociação e organização para a institucionalização do Fórum de Gestores de Educação Especial do Estado do Espírito Santo (Forgees), bem como as demandas e ações que emergiram nesse movimento. De natureza qualitativa, assume a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, como uma maneira de fazer pesquisa com o outro, refletindo criticamente sobre suas práticas. Concebemos o Forgees como um movimento autônomo, que nasce das demandas que estão diretamente ligadas à atuação desses gestores, que compreendem a necessidade de fortalecimento e união desses profissionais.
Application of biofertilizer increases carrot production
Authors: Gondim Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira , Santos José Lucas Guilherme , Lima Neto Joaquim Vieira , Da Silva Erivan Alves , Ribeiro Alisson Sergio da Silva , Teixeira Lanna Kristina Nicassio , Da Silva Arthur Gonçalves , Silva Marcelo Cleón de Castro
Published: January 2024

The conventional agricultural production model, although economically viable, has several negative impacts on the environment and the people involved. Given this context, there is a need to adopt new technologies that enable sustainable production, capable of preserving natural resources and reducing environmental impacts. In this sense, the aim of this study was to investigate carrot cultivation using biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, and the treatments consisted of the combination of the factors fermentation time of the biofertilizer (10, 20, 30 and 40 days) and four concentrations of the biofertilizer (25, 40, 55 and 75%). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The evaluated characteristics were plant height, number of leaves, dry mass of leaves and fresh and dry mass of roots and root diameter. It was found that, on average, the fermentation time of the biofertilizer of 30 days and the concentration of 50% of the biofertilizer resulted in a higher growth and production of the roots. Fermentation time and biofertilizer concentration play an important role in carrot growth and production. Therefore, the use of biofertilizer may be a viable strategy to improve the agronomic performance and sustainability of carrot cultivation.
Adulto atípico: uma experiência com crianças da educação infantil no Distrito Federal
Authors: Teixeira Lourenço Silva , Voltarelli Monique Aparecida
Published: January 2024

O artigo apresenta um recorte da perspectiva metodológica de uma pesquisa de mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Mestrado Profissional da Universidade de Brasília. O foco da pesquisa foi investigar as geografias e relações espaciais das crianças em uma instituição de educação infantil. Na pesquisa, adotou-se a abordagem de ser um "adulto atípico" no campo, inspirado na pesquisa de Corsaro (2005), e no texto é apresentado como essa presença foi recebida pelas crianças. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa envolveu a observação participante, em que o pesquisador atuou como adulto atípico em uma instituição de Educação Infantil. Foram registradas experiências diárias em um diário de campo, utilizando também fotografias, vídeos, desenhos das crianças e gravações de áudio como suportes para a investigação. O texto destaca a transição de uma abordagem de "pesquisa sobre crianças" para "pesquisa com crianças", destacando a importância de considerar as crianças como sujeitos de direitos e produtores de cultura. Os autores abordam a aceitação do pesquisador como um "aluno novo" pela turma de crianças, destacando os desafios e questionamentos enfrentados inicialmente. Na conclusão, destaca-se a importância da experiência de ser um adulto atípico, que permitiu romper barreiras convencionais entre o mundo adulto e o universo infantil. A pesquisa proporcionou uma visão única sobre a autonomia, curiosidade e expressão espontânea das crianças, destacando a necessidade de ambientes educacionais mais inclusivos e sensíveis às individualidades e necessidades da primeira infância.
Análise de produtos aerofotogramétricos obtidos por meio de veículo aéreo não tripulado em área rural
Authors: De Oliveira Willer Fagundes , Pimenta Lucas Jesus Leal , Mota Filho Virgílio Jamir Gonçalves , Ribeiro Flávio Cantuária , Da Silva Lucas Alves , De Oliveira Gevaldo Barbosa , Romeiro Mariana Rodrigues Magalhães
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se desenvolver um fluxo de trabalho (coleta e processamento de dados) para levantamento aerofotogramétrico por meio de Veículos Aéreos não Tripulados (VANT), com sistema GNSS de navegação e sensor RGB embarcados, visando determinar a quantidade mínima de pontos de apoio necessários na etapa de geoprocessamento SfM. Também, analisou-se a qualidade dos Modelos Digitais do Terreno (MDT) oriundos de processamentos com e sem a utilização de pontos de apoio. Selecionou-se uma área preparada para implantação da cultura da banana (Musa ssp) e realizou-se a implantação de 12 pontos de apoio, subdivididos em ground control points (GCP) e checkpoints (CP), ambos distribuídos, sistematicamente, dentro da área de interesse. As imagens foram geoprocessadas e, consequentemente, obteve-se o Modelo Digital de Superfície, Modelo Digital do Terreno e Ortofotomosaico. Também, foram realizados processamentos com e sem pontos de apoio, com diversas combinações. Para cada combinação, foram gerados os relatórios de processamento para analisar os valores Root Mean Square Error dos GCP e CP. A utilização de pontos de apoio se faz necessário, principalmente para obter a qualidade (acurácia) do levantamento. Recomenda-se, no mínimo, cinco pontos de controle para obter uma orientação geodésica do bloco aerofotogramétrico, com acurácia submétrica. Aumentar a quantidade de pontos de controle tende aumentar a acurácia posicional do levantamento aerofotogramétrico.
Como monitorar a situação socioeconômica de populações tradicionais: uma proposta metodológica
Authors: Neves Jorge Alexandre Barbosa , Mattar Luciano
Published: January 2024

O Projeto PEA-Pescarte possui ações desenvolvidas ao longo do tempo com diferentes e heterogêneas comunidades pesqueiras na região do município de Campos dos Goytacazes, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo foi demonstrar a aplicabilidade da estimação de modelos hierárquicos (ou multiníveis) a uma análise longitudinal para a mensuração dos efeitos do Projeto PEA-Pescarte sobre as comunidades atendidas. O desenho de pesquisa quase-experimental de grupo de controle não-equivalente junto com os modelos de estimação permite avaliar dois aspectos distintos: 1) adequação da focalização ou seleção das comunidades participantes do grupo de tratamento; 2) adequação quanto a implementação de projetos e políticas em comunidades em um certo intervalo de tempo. Este artigo é resultado de pesquisa financiada pelo Projeto de Educação Ambiental (PEA) Pescarte que é uma medida de mitigação exigida pelo Licenciamento Ambiental Federal, conduzido pelo IBAMA.
An overview of methods used in dynamic testing of materials
Authors: Jeschke Adam , Panowicz Robert
Published: January 2024

The paper presents an elemental description and methodology of tests that take intoaccount the effect of high strain rate on materials strength parameters. The article describes suchtesting methodology as: Taylor test, split Hopkinson pressure bar method, and expanding ring test todetermine the dynamic properties of materials.Keywords: Taylor test, expanding ring test, split Hopkinson pressure bar, dynamic behaviour of materials
DESVENDANDO O CENÁRIO DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER NO INÍCIO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: DADOS DO INSTITUTO MÉDICO LEGAL DE CURITIBA/PR, BRASIL
Authors: Rodrigues Ádelin Olívia Lopes Joly , Ferrari Amanda de Souza , Eduardo Fernanda Maria Cercal , Paz Luana Pereira , Greselle Nayara Vilas Novas , Xavier Thaís , Moser Auristela Duarte de Lima , Orsi Juliana Schaia Rocha
Published: January 2024

A pesquisa teve por objetivo caracterizar as vítimas, circunstâncias e relações que contextualizam os casos de violência física contra mulheres atendidas no Instituto Médico Legal (IML) da cidade de Curitiba/Paraná. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quanti- qualitativa, com base no banco de dados colhidos de laudos do IML, no período de janeiro a abril de 2020.  A coleta foi realizada por meio de formulário eletrônico elaborado no sofware Qualtrics e os dados analisados pela Técnica de Análise de conteúdo Temática de Bardin. Foram atendidas neste período 527 mulheres vítimas de agressão. Destas, 274 foram vítimas de violência física. O perfil caracterizou-se na maioria por mulheres entre 20 a 40 anos, solteiras, e que tiveram como principal agressor o companheiro. A análise qualitativa gerou 3 categorias: agressões recorrentes e falta da busca de atendimento após agressão; agressão e vulnerabilidade; agressões de maior gravidade e risco de feminicídio. As vítimas são jovens de 20 a 40 anos, solteiras, brancas, e têm como principal agressor o companheiro ou ex-companheiro. Muitas não buscam atendimento após as agressões denotando uma relação com a recorrência delas demostrando fragilidades na rede de atenção e aumento do risco para essas mulheres.
APLICAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE LEAN OFFICE AOS PROCESSOS ADMINISTRATIVOS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Ayub Marcelo Paveck , De Souza Simone Inês Schutz
Published: January 2024

Este artigo objetiva avaliar a aplicabilidade do conceito Lean Office no ambiente administrativo de uma instituição de ensino. No que tange a metodologia, caracteriza-se por uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa e estudo de caso, realizado na Universidade Feevale, situada no Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados demonstram ser oportuna a aplicação deste conceito na Instituição estudada, propiciando fluidez aos processos, melhor desempenho das atividades e redução de desperdícios.
SABERES DA FEIRA DO MALHADO: PROCESSO ADERENCIA AOS ALIMENTOS BAIANOS
Authors: Vergara Miguel Arturo Chamorro , Silva Berenaldo Neto
Published: January 2024

Os alimentos orgânicos plantados pelo homem têm exprimido na sociedade diversos conhecimentos, saberes, imagens e significados relevantes ao entendimento da estrutura do sistema alimentar. São alimentos atrelados a hábitos, regras, gostos, proibições subjetivas, necessárias para entender o pertencimento coletivo das práticas culinárias, criações de pratos, dietas, celebrações e a conservação ecológica da terra para preservação da vida humana. A partir disso, o artigo visa partilhar um estudo de aspectos significativos do imaginário que os alimentos locais exercem no cotidiano humano da féria livre do Malhado na cidade ilhéus no Sul da Bahia. Esses, ao serem observados e reconhecidos diretamente nas diversas interações sociais revelam uma ordem simbólica afetiva que organiza esteticamente as aderências subjetivas dos feirantes, reconhecidos e identificados por gestos, texturas, cheiros, cores, saberes e sabores estabelecendo domínio significativo nas pessoas, ritualizados e vivenciados popularmente na compra de suas verduras para serem cozinhados\comidos.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MERGER PADA PT. BANK OKE INDONESIA TBK
Authors: Khadijah Eva , Drajat Intania Sabrina
Published: January 2024

Merger adalah penggabungan dua atau lebih perusahaan di bawah satu pemilikan. Pelaksanaan merger tentu akan membawa pengaruh yang cukup besar bagi kondisi internal maupun eksternal perusahaan, salah satunya berdampak pada kinerja perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kinerja keuangan PT. Bank Oke Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah melakukan aktivitas merger bersama PT. Bank Dinar Indonesia. Mengetahui perbandingan kinerja keuangan berdasarkan rasio keuangan bank. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder pada laporan keuangan tahunan bank. Populasi dalam penelitian merupakan bank yang melakukan merger di tahun 2019. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rasio aktivitas pada Total Asset Turnover (TATO), rasio solvabilitas pada Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), rasio profitabilitas pada Net Profit Margin (NPM), dan rasio rentabilitas pada Return on Asset (ROA) dan Return on Equity (ROE) bank sebelum dan sesudah melakukan aktivitas merger terdapat perubahan. Dimana rasio tersebut mengalami penurunan sesudah melakukan aktivitas merger.
Developing clinical decision making in stroke through virtual online simulation: automated asynchronous or instructor-led synchronous feedback? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fuentes Lombardo Valentina , Palominos Salas Javier , Pettersen Correa María A. , Caro Guerra Patricio , Navia González Víctor , Hoppe Arnold , Armijo-Rivera Soledad , Machuca-Contreras Felipe
Published: January 2024

Aim: to determine whether asynchronous virtual simulation with automatic feedback enhances learning about clinical decision-making in stroke compared with synchronous simulation with instructor-guided feedback in 4th-year medical students. We hypothesize that instructor-guided feedback drives better learning than automatic feedback. Methodology: a quantitative randomized controlled parallel study was designed using the CONSORT extension to simulation studies. Twenty 4th year undergraduate medical students were divided into two groups. One group performed virtual simulations with instructor-guided feedback, and the other worked autonomously with automatic feedback. We administered a knowledge score test survey before and after applying the intervention bundle and a usefulness perception survey. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare changes in performance. Results: the results of the two-way ANOVA on the performance level showed no significant changes between groups and between the first and third scenarios (p=0,428). Analysis of the simple main effect showed no significant difference between groups in the post-test (p =0,086) and no significant difference after the third scenario in the Synchronous (p = 0,001) and Asynchronous (p = 0,009) groups. The most remarkable improvement was the International Normalized Ratio that contraindicates thrombolysis (70 % improvement), followed by the first-line drug for hypertension and the platelet value that contraindicates thrombolysis (25 % improvement for both). Conclusion: we did not identify differences in student stroke knowledge gained via virtual simulation with automated v/s instructor-guided feedback. The students learned specific elements linked to the safety of administering thrombolytics in patients with stroke.
Purple non-sulfur bacteria and the circular economy
Authors: Bose Arpita , Rajkumar Anjali , Vu Thinh , Prabhakar Prem
Published: January 2024

Purple non-sulfur bacteria and the circular economy

Arpita Bose, Associate Professor at Washington University in St. Louis, discusses the potential of microbial solutions in supporting sustainable and environmentally responsible alternatives to the traditional linear economy. Earth’s climate is undergoing unprecedented changes due to human activities, primarily the emission of greenhouse gases. Widespread petroleum-based production of fuels and plastics releases large amounts of pollution, contributing to rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, and ecosystem disruptions. Finding feasible solutions to the climate crisis is crucial to preserve essential resources and protect human and environmental health. Harnessing and strengthening the natural capabilities of microorganisms and microbial communities with synthetic biology will be the key to reducing and upcycling waste for a greener global economy.
Drug repositioning using multiple gene expression profiles
Authors: Taguchi Y-h.
Published: January 2024

Drug repositioning using multiple gene expression profiles

Chuo University’s Professor Y-h. Taguchi places focus on drug repositioning using multiple gene expression profiles. In my previous manuscripts (1-3), I introduced our studies of in silico drug repositioning using gene expression profiles. Nevertheless, in these studies, we could use the single gene expression profile to perform in silico drug repositioning. In this manuscript, the last one in this series, I introduce our recent study (4) in which we could use multiple gene expression profiles. Please see my previous article for more details about the in silico drug repositioning. (5)In the studies (1-3) introduced previously, I used tensor decomposition (TD) based unsupervised feature extraction (FE) (6,7), which was a mathematical/computational method for data processing and was recently implemented in Bioconductor packages. (8)
Nutritional management of aging pets
Authors: Key Morgan A
Published: January 2024

Nutritional management of aging pets

Morgan A. Key from Hill’s Pet Nutrition outlines the changes associated with aging pets and how nutrition can help. Aging is a continuous, lifelong process. (1) The aging process can impact dogs’ health, behavior, and care requirements. Approximately 30% to 49% of dogs in the U.S. are ≥ 7 years old. (2, 3) Aging impacts individual animals differently due to differences in breed, frame size, conformation, genetics, and exposure to injuries and disease. One major contributor to aging is the excessive production of free radicals, also known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Various studies demonstrate the positive role of antioxidants, including Vitamin C and E, in managing ROS and, thus, the aging process (Figure 1).
Using lotteries instead of auctioning is both inefficient and inequality-creating
Authors: Ng Yew-Kwang
Published: January 2024

Using lotteries instead of auctioning is both inefficient and inequality-creating

Yew-Kwang Ng, Emeritus Professor in the Department of Economics at Monash University, compares the use of the lottery and auctioning to allocate scarce goods. In a recent eBook for Open Access Government, I discuss the anti-market sentiment, including why it is common, based on incorrect reasonings, and how recognising this mistake may make us more accepting of the beneficial market expansion. Here, I discuss a specific manifestation of this anti- market sentiment: Using the lottery to allocate scarce goods (including resources and services) instead of using the market (such as auctioning). An example is the allocation of permits for car ownership. In Singapore, a Certificate of Entitlement (COE) is required to buy a car. Singapore allocates these COEs by the most efficient Vickrey second-price auction. (1)
Current and future therapy for BRAF-mutant pediatric glioma
Authors: Houghton Peter J
Published: January 2024

Current and future therapy for BRAF-mutant pediatric glioma

Professor Peter J. Houghton from the Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute discusses new approaches to pediatric cancer treatment specifically for BRAF-mutant pediatric glioma. Low-grade glioma (LGG) is the most frequently diagnosed brain tumor in children, and although five and ten-year survival is quite high, this does not reveal the toxicity of current therapies. Conventional treatment includes intensive chemo-radiation therapy that can lead to cognitive decline, malignant transformation, and other life-debilitating or -threatening sequelae. (1) The 15-year incidence of adverse outcomes such as blindness, hearing loss, obesity, and hormonal imbalance is 18%, 22%, 53%, and approximately 25%, respectively. Among survivors assessed for intellectual function, 34% had an intelligence quotient (IQ) below average. Treatment-resistant progressive disease is the most common cause of death. (2)
Cuba’s first motus tower for tracking migrant land birds
Authors: Hobson Keith
Published: January 2024

Cuba’s first motus tower for tracking migrant land birds

Keith Hobson, Professor and Research Scientist at Environment and Climate Change Canada and Western University, discusses updates in the expansion of tracking migratory birds in Central and South America, and the Caribbean. The conservation of migratory birds requires basic knowledge of connectivity between population-specific breeding, wintering, and stopover sites. This recognition has encouraged several government and NGO initiatives since many migratory species cross international borders during their annual travels. While the task is immensely difficult, an array of new tools is now available to track even small birds (~10g) using both intrinsic (e.g. stable isotope or genetic markers) and extrinsic (e.g. attached electronic devices) methods.
The gender stereotyping of entrepreneurship
Authors: Jennings Jennifer E , Tonoyan Vartuhi
Published: January 2024

The gender stereotyping of entrepreneurship

Professors Jennings and Tonoyan distill prior research and chart avenues for future research. In two prior Open Access Government articles, Dr Jennifer Jennings from the University of Alberta and Dr Vartuhi Tonoyan from California State University, Fresno, shared findings from their research (with collaborator Dr Robert Strohmeyer from the University of Mannheim) on how sex-based labour market segregation affects women’s perceptions of entrepreneurship and innovativeness as entrepreneurs. Here, they summarise key takeaways from their review of the academic literature on the gender stereotyping of entrepreneurship.
Role for retired internists in rural, underserved communities
Authors: Santen Richard J
Published: January 2024

Role for retired internists in rural, underserved communities

Richard J Santen MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, Davison of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S., charts the role of retired internists in rural, underserved communities, including diabetes telemedicine. Retired internists could markedly benefit patients by re-entering practice to co-manage patients living in rural, financially challenged, underserved areas. Telemedicine makes this feasible, and partnership with a Federally Qualified Community Health Center in the United States (U.S.) provides a practical approach. (1) Participation in such programs could allow retired internists to share their wisdom while minimizing many of the administrative hassles they previously experienced. Six years ago, the author developed a program tailored to retirees that utilized telemedicine to co-manage patients with diabetes mellitus in three separate Federally Qualified Community Health Centers in rural Virginia. As shown on the map below, there are approximately 1,400 of these health clinics in the U.S. (1-2). His experience led him to the novel idea that expanding such a program nationally by convincing retired endocrinologists to return to practice via telemedicine would benefit patients and be meaningful for physicians.
Reducing data volume in big data: Parallel processing based data filtering techniques
Authors: Majumdar Shikharesh
Published: January 2024

Reducing data volume in big data: Parallel processing based data filtering techniques

Professor Shikharesh Majumdar from Carleton University examines reducing data volume in big data, focusing on parallel processing based data filtering techniques. Volume, velocity, and variety are three well-known characteristics of big data. The large data volumes often introduce formidable challenges to processing such data in a timely and economical manner. Research on data filtering is underway under the leadership of Shikharesh Majumdar at the Real Time and Distributed Systems Research Centre at Carleton University. Users are often interested only in a subset of the raw data.
Improving vineyard irrigation efficiency with soil water sensors
Authors: Jacoby Pete W
Published: January 2024

Improving vineyard irrigation efficiency with soil water sensors

Using soil water sensors to automatically schedule irrigation in winegrape vineyards offers the potential for growers to enhance water use productivity under warmer climate conditions. The use of electrical soil water sensors for improving crop water use efficiency is an emerging trend in agricultural regions of the world where irrigation is vital for sustainable food production. This advancement uses solar powered electronic capacitance probes to activate irrigation in real time for maintaining a desired level of soil water content needed by a particular crop.
The long shadow of childhood mental health problems
Authors: Dooley Niamh , Cannon Mary
Published: January 2024

The long shadow of childhood mental health problems

Dr Niamh Dooley and Professor Mary Cannon explore what young adult life looks like for individuals who had mental health problems as children. People who suffer with their mental health in childhood are at greater risk of poor mental health in adulthood. What is less well known is that they are also at greater risk of other poor outcomes such as substance misuse, physical health problems, loneliness, and unemployment. In 2011, a classic study by Alissa Goodman and colleagues showed that poor childhood mental health was linked much more strongly to poor socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood than poor childhood physical health. (1) The past ten years of research broadly support those findings. (2-4)
Biostimulants towards sustainable food production
Authors: Cruz Cristina , Dias Teresa
Published: January 2024

Biostimulants towards sustainable food production

Cristina Cruz and Teresa Dias from Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, focus on biostimulants, which are more than a product, but a significant change towards sustainable food production systems.
Effective vaccines for non-communicable diseases - A pipe dream?
Authors: Mandler Markus
Published: January 2024

Effective vaccines for non-communicable diseases - A pipe dream?

Markus Mandler, Founder and CEO of Tridem Bioscience, explains how the company’s cutting-edge vaccine platform is revolutionising treatment approaches and vaccines for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). 2023Vaccines are one of the best health investments money can buy. One has only to look at how transformative vaccines were during the COVID-19 pandemic to appreciate how world- changing they can be. Currently, vaccines’ full benefits are only truly realised when targeting pathogens, which are innately immunogenic due to their foreign nature. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), otherwise known as chronic diseases, usually lack immunogenic targets. Treating NCDs with vaccines relies instead on targeting self-antigens, which are generally well tolerated by the immune system. The potential global health benefits would be staggering if efficacious vaccines could be developed for NCDs, which cause a whopping 76% of deaths globally and over 60% of all disability- adjusted life-years (DALYs).
Lithos crop protect: Food safety needs natural plant protection
Authors: Reitbauer Franz
Published: January 2024

Lithos crop protect: Food safety needs natural plant protection

Here, we learn that Lithos Crop Protect works on greener agriculture thanks to EU innovation funding. The Austrian company Lithos Crop Protect has prevailed as one of the few selected companies and has been awarded an EU Accelerator grant. This European Innovation Council funding program supports small and medium-sized enterprises with innovative solutions that contribute to a better and more sustainable future. Lithos Crop Protect is working at full speed on just such a solution. There is only a limited amount of land available for agriculture. However, a growing population still needs a secure and high-quality food supply. While this balancing act requires effective pest control, conventional chemical products used to protect crops often come under heavy flak, and their use is increasingly restricted or outlawed. That’s why Lithos Crop Protect is working on natural solutions to this problem – such as its patented pheromone application, the first sprayable product of its kind worldwide.
The future of AVS, dizziness and vertigo in emergency departments: Part I. Towards a cost-effective and sustainable healthcare system
Authors: Nakatsuka Millie
Published: January 2024

The future of AVS, dizziness and vertigo in emergency departments: Part I. Towards a cost-effective and sustainable healthcare system

In this first of five articles, Dr Millie Nakatsuka discusses the socio-economic implications associated with the diagnosis of acute vestibular syndrome and why more cost-effective and sustainable approaches are needed. Dizziness is one of the most common presentations to hospital emergency departments. Acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) is a major subtype of dizziness, characterised by intense feelings of spinning (vertigo), often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, balance problems, and involuntary eye movements (nystagmus). These symptoms are caused by an impaired vestibular system – the sensory network that maintains our spatial awareness and coordinates balance and movement. Vestibular disorders are classified into peripheral or central disorders. In peripheral vestibular disorders, the problem is localised between the inner ear and the vestibular division of the eighth cranial nerve, whereas in central vestibular disorders, the problem lies within the brain or brainstem. It is necessary for emergency physicians to confidently distinguish between the two types because medical conditions affecting the peripheral vestibular system are common and relatively benign (such as a mild viral infection), while medical conditions affecting the central vestibular system are rare and may potentially be life or brain- threatening (such as a stroke).
Harnessing AI for enhanced learning: Insights from the robotics academy
Authors: Vassigh Shahin
Published: January 2024

Harnessing AI for enhanced learning: Insights from the robotics academy

How technology is tailoring personalised learning experiences for the AEC sector. Personalised learning, tailoring learning content and sequence for differences in ability, experience and sociocultural backgrounds holds the promise to transform education. This transformation is propelled by three significant advancements in emerging technologies, each vital in realising personalised learning. The first of these advancements is in learning analytics, defined as the measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of learner data (Siemens, 2013). Enhanced by AI and data mining techniques, learning analytics significantly deepens our understanding of learning processes by systematically monitoring learners’ performance and actions. This involves analysing extensive datasets from learner interactions to uncover patterns, challenges and cognitive load, providing a comprehensive view of the learning experience.
Treatments for ADHD: Can neurotherapies help treat children and adults?
Authors: Rubia Katya
Published: January 2024

Treatments for ADHD: Can neurotherapies help treat children and adults?

Professor Katya Rubia from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neurosciences at King’s College London discusses the potential of non-invasive brain therapies, including neurofeedback, as treatments for ADHD. Attention Deficit/Hyperactiivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined as age-inappropriate problems with inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsiveness and has a high prevalence of about 5-7% in children and 2% in adults. Neuroimaging studies have shown associations with abnormal structure and function in several regions and networks, particularly those involving the dorsal and inferior frontal cortex, parietal regions, basal ganglia and cerebellum. Stimulant medication is the most effective treatment for ADHD but is not working for about 30% of patients, has side effects, adherence is poor in adolescence, and longer-term effects have not been demonstrated. Alternative treatments with better side effect profiles and longer-lasting effects would be desirable.
Dementia prevention: Raising awareness about dementia and risk reduction
Authors: Levinson Anthony J
Published: January 2024

Dementia prevention: Raising awareness about dementia and risk reduction

We hear from Dr Anthony J. Levinson, who is part of an academic group developing evidence-based online resources to complement dementia prevention strategies and support care partners. The prevalence of dementia is increasing as our population ages. From a public health standpoint, we need to continue to try to prevent or delay conditions that lead to dementia while also striving to better support people living with dementia and their family/friend care partners. While age and other factors like genetics are important non-modifiable risk factors, there is increasing evidence that several modifiable risk factors account for up to 40% of dementias. While some factors – such as physical activity – may be familiar to some, other factors, such as hearing loss, blood pressure, or social activity, may be much less well-known to the public as risk factors for dementia. For individuals newly diagnosed with dementia or family/friends trying to support and care for their loved ones, they may have very little knowledge about the condition and what to expect. This is where access to easy-to-understand educational content about dementia can be beneficial.
Smarter energy for a green and sustainable energy transition
Authors: Jansson Fredrik , Avetisova Ksenia
Published: January 2024

Smarter energy for a green and sustainable energy transition

Tietoevry, a leading technology company with a strong Nordic heritage and global capabilities, spearheads the implementation of innovative solutions for a sustainable energy transition. From the climate perspective, energy needs to be totally rethought. We need efficient means to manage generation and, most importantly, consumption. This is where new technologies enter the scene – minimising the environmental impact of energy usage means large-scale deployment of digital solutions and artificial intelligence. In recent years, Europe has been leading in driving a profound shift towards sustainability and a greener future. In the past two years, this “green transition” has seen significant initiatives emerge in managing energy through digitalisation.
Prolonged impact of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident on health and society
Authors: Ito Naomi
Published: January 2024

Prolonged impact of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident on health and society

Naomi Ito, Research Assistant at the Fukushima Medical University, tells us how the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident impacted and continues to impact local residents. The health effects on local residents following a nuclear power plant accident are diverse, not only because of radiation exposure but also because of changes in lifestyle and social environment. It has also been indicated that various environmental changes that could emerge during the restoration process may affect residents in various ways over a long time. On March 11, 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake struck Japan with a magnitude of 9.0. Within an hour, a tsunami hit the shore. Three reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP, operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company) lost power. The reactors could not be cooled, and core meltdowns occurred, which resulted in an explosion due to hydrogen being generated at high temperatures. As a result, radioactive materials were released and scattered northwest from the power plant.
Addressing ageism in healthcare through gerontological nursing
Authors: Dahlke Sherry
Published: January 2024

Addressing ageism in healthcare through gerontological nursing

Sherry Dahlke, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, discusses the impact of ageism in healthcare and why gerontological nursing education is vital for improving awareness and patient care. The World Health Organization’s (WHO, 2021) global report on ageism reports that one in every two people is ageist towards older people. Ageism includes stereotypes about aging and older adults (beliefs), prejudice (feelings) and/or discrimination through actions (WHO, 2021). Ageism can occur between people, be institutionalized, and/or self-directed. For example, ageism occurs in healthcare when older people who often have complex health and social needs are expected to fit into systems designed for younger people with one health concern (Kojima, 2018), resulting in adverse health outcomes (Chang et al., 2020). Exposure to negative stereotypes of aging can lead people to internalize negative beliefs of inevitable decline, resulting in them experiencing adverse effects of ageism as they age (Levy, 2009; Steward, 2022).
Chronic organ damage: Understanding fibrosis
Authors: Kobayashi Ken-Ichi
Published: January 2024

Chronic organ damage: Understanding fibrosis

Fibrosis was once considered irreversible, resulting from chronic organ damage; Ken-Ichi Kobayashi from Notre Dame Seishin University tells us why the possibility of treatment to reverse the disease is gaining attention. Organ fibrosis is a common phenomenon observed in various organ failure states resulting from disease and aging. The most common examples are renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease, liver fibrosis in cirrhosis, lung fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis. The total number of patients with organ fibrosis in Japan is nearly 20 million, and it is no exaggeration to say that it is a ‘national disease.’ Until recently, fibrosis was considered to be the end result of chronic organ damage and an irreversible condition with a poor prognosis. In recent years, however, fibrosis has begun to be recognized as a reversible process, and the possibility of treatment is gaining attention. It is also becoming clear that fibrosis is caused by complex cellular and inter-organic networks rather than by specific organs, and therefore, common pathological mechanisms are thought to exist even in various types of fibrosis. However, the common pathological mechanism of fibrosis, especially fibrosis-attracting factors, is still an enigma.
Sustainable marine technologies and innovation – TFI Marine SeaSpring
Authors:   TFI Marine Ltd
Published: January 2024

Sustainable marine technologies and innovation - TFI seasprings

TFI Marine places sustainable marine technologies and innovation under the spotlight, starting with a look at floating offshore wind We are on the cusp of a step-change in our ability to unlock previously untapped potential in offshore renewable energy, enabled by technology advances, including a new offshore mooring solution developed by TFI Marine – the SeaSpring – which opens up enormous possibilities for floating offshore wind energy. Wind is a significant global power source and a proven clean energy source, with offshore wind growing rapidly over the past 20 years. In 2022, 39.4% of net electricity generated by the EU was renewable energy, with 15.9% of that wind energy.
Study on Identification and Extraction of Adulterants from Herbal Medicines
Authors: Sreya C. S.  , Chauhan Amit , Varsha R.  , Xavier Fr. Jobi
Published: January 2024

In modern time, usage of herbal medicines has increased all over the world. Herbal medicines are use for treatment of primary health needs and conventional treatment too. Due to increased demand of these medicines, maniac people have started production of adulterants/ inappropriate chemical properties/ low grade drugs in products. In this concern, examination including, chemical tests, analytical tests, phytochemicals screening tests are performed to determine the purity of products, quantitative analysis of heavy metals, presence of drug. This chapter is mainly focused on the implementation of various analytical techniques i.e. HP-TLC, FTIR etc. for identification of derivatization of adulterants from herbal drugs. Extracted adulterants from these herbal medicines include, guanine, flavonoids, alcohol ferric chloride etc. were attained.
Sporadic and Exceptional
Authors: He Yang-Hui , McKay John
Published: January 2024

We study the web of correspondences linking the exceptional Lie algebras E8,7,6 and the sporadic simple groups Monster, Baby and the largest Fischer group. This is done via the investigation of classical enumerative problems on del Pezzo surfaces in relation to the cusps of certain subgroups of PSL(2,R) for the relevant McKay-Thompson series in Generalized Moonshine. We also study Conway's sporadic group, as well as its association with the Horrocks-Mumford bundle.
Creative Tourism Development Model Through Natural Dyeing Batik Educational Tourism To Increase Interest In Tourism Visits In The Natural Village Of Malon, Semarang City
Authors: Nina Mistriani  , Febe Humble Kristanto  , Vinka Wahyu Pramesti  , Anggun Rina Ardiana  , Regina Marsya Maharani  , Putri Aulia Hamidah  , Atalya Taqwa Setyo Nurani Dewi  , Ida Rohmawati
Published: January 2024

Tourist creative development through batik education tour is one of an effort in conserving culture of Indonesian society, encouraging empowerment of society. One of them is on the Malon Village which develops a creative tourism. This study aims to analyze the development models of creative tourism through natural-colored batik education tour to increase the interest of tourist visits in an effort to enhance the small to medium tourism business to improve the local economy. This study uses qualitative methods, a field observation, interviews, and library studies. The result of this Natural Thematic Malon Village has a privilege in natural dyeing sources from processing or reusing the natural waste (leaves, bamboo, woods and others) in the environment around the village. These things give an impact to waste utilization, and are friendly for the environment as well. In its development this place became a Creative Malon Village model that provides nature-dyeing batik education tour, however there is a number of necessary things that need to be fixed related to the marketing that is narrow. Promotions are more focused on exhibitions at the mall or certain programs, rather than using social media and E-commerce to help the development of creative tourism for the village incomes and the interest of tourist visits. The Pentahelix involvement on developing business involving the role of SMEs and local village government.
Classterization Of Village Welfare Levels With The K-Means Algorithm For Planning Quality Of Life Improvement Program
Authors: Yani Prihati  , Alexander Dharmawan    , Tri Purwani    , Yusup Yusup  , Berlian Setya Hanugraheni  
Published: January 2024

This research applies the concept of big data and the data mining process and aims to provide clustered data on village welfare levels which can help local governments to properly plan programs to improve the quality of life of village communities. Research case study in District XYZ  whose area includes 11 villages. The clustering process is carried out using the K-Means algorithm which groups data based on similar characteristics. The data analysis process was carried out using the RStudio tool and Microsoft Excel as a comparison. The data set used has 10 attributes, namely village name, number of Pre-Prosperous families, economic reasons (Alek) in the Pre-Prosperous column, non-economic reasons (Bulek) in the Pre-Prosperous column, number of Prosperous Families I (KS I), Alek in the KS column I, Bulek in column KS I, number of Prosperous Families (KS II), number of Prosperous Families (KS III) and number of Prosperous Families (KS III) Plus. Data processing with both tools show the same results, namely that there are 2 clusters. Cluster 1 is a cluster with a high level of welfare, consisting of 4 villages and Cluster 2 is a cluster with a low level of welfare, consisting of 7 villages.