bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the pre-Athabasca basement within the Wollaston–Mudjatik Transition Zone, Saskatchewan
Authors: Jeanneret Pauline , Goncalves Philippe , Durand Cyril , Trap Pierre , Marquer Didier , Quirt David , Ledru Patrick
Published: January 2016

The Paleoproterozoic tectono-metamorphic evolution of the pre-Athabasca basement (∼1.7 Ga) within the Wollaston–Mudjatik Transition Zone (WMTZ) (Saskatchewan, Canada) has been characterized using both exposed basement and drill cores from the Wolly–McClean exploration drilling project. The finite ductile strain pattern of the WMTZ results from the superposition of two tectono-metamorphic events M1–D1 and M2–D2. M1–D1 is associated with the development of a gently dipping foliation striking N90°–N100° and a southward decrease in peak pressures from up to 10 kbar (1 kbar = 100 MPa) in the Cochrane River area down to 6 kbar in the Wolly–McClean exploration drilling project. The M2–D2 event is responsible for the main northeasterly trend of the WMTZ that developed in a sinistral transpressional tectonic regime during the final oblique collision of the Trans-Hudson Orogeny. Thermobarometric estimations on M2–D2 assemblages show that the studied area was reequilibrated at about 4–5 kbar and 750–825 °C. The basement has thus been affected by a differential isothermal decompression event between D1 and D2 that allowed the juxtaposition of the deepest northeastern domains and the Wolly–McClean exploration drilling project, at the same structural level. These results suggest that the basement exposed to the northeast of the Athabasca Basin is not an analog of the basement located beneath the eastern Athabasca Basin where uranium-enriched granitic pegmatites and granites are known. We also suggest that uranium-enriched melts produced during the early M1–D1 stage of partial melting in the deep crust were transferred to the midcrust, owing to D2 shear zones, where they have differentiated to produce uranium-bearing pegmatites.
Exercise training improves vascular mitochondrial function
Authors: Park Song-Young , Rossman Matthew J. , Gifford Jayson R. , Bharath Leena P. , Bauersachs Johann , Richardson Russell S. , Abel E. Dale , Symons J. David , Riehle Christian
Published: January 2016

Exercise training is recognized to improve cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity; however, the impact of chronic exercise on vascular mitochondrial respiratory function is unknown. We hypothesized that exercise training concomitantly increases both vascular mitochondrial respiratory capacity and vascular function. Arteries from both sedentary (SED) and swim-trained (EX, 5 wk) mice were compared in terms of mitochondrial respiratory function, mitochondrial content, markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, redox balance, nitric oxide (NO) signaling, and vessel function. Mitochondrial complex I and complex I + II state 3 respiration and the respiratory control ratio (complex I + II state 3 respiration/complex I state 2 respiration) were greater in vessels from EX relative to SED mice, despite similar levels of arterial citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial DNA content. Furthermore, compared with the SED mice, arteries from EX mice displayed elevated transcript levels of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α and the downstream targets cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform 1, isocitrate dehydrogenase ( Idh) 2, and Idh3a, increased manganese superoxide dismutase protein expression, increased endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation (Ser1177), and suppressed reactive oxygen species generation (all P < 0.05). Although there were no differences in EX and SED mice concerning endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation, phenylephrine-induced vasocontraction was blunted in vessels from EX compared with SED mice, and this effect was normalized by NOS inhibition. These training-induced increases in vascular mitochondrial respiratory capacity and evidence of improved redox balance, which may, at least in part, be attributable to elevated NO bioavailability, have the potential to protect against age- and disease-related challenges to arterial function.
Acquired resistance to rechallenge injury after acute kidney injury in rats is associated with cell cycle arrest in proximal tubule cells
Authors: Iwakura Takamasa , Fujigaki Yoshihide , Fujikura Tomoyuki , Ohashi Naro , Kato Akihiko , Yasuda Hideo
Published: January 2016

Rats that have recovered from severe proximal tubule (PT) injury induced by uranyl acetate (UA), a toxic stimulus, developed resistance to subsequent UA treatment. We investigated cell cycle status and progression in PT cells in relation to this acquired resistance. Fourteen days after pretreatment with saline (vehicle group) or UA [acute kidney injury (AKI) group], rats were injected with UA or lead acetate (a proliferative stimulus). Cell cycle status (G0/G1/S/G2/M) was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of cell cycle markers, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and phenotypic markers were examined by immunohistochemistry. Cell cycle status in PT cells in the AKI group was comparable to those of the vehicle group. However, more early G1-phase cells (cyclin D1- or Ki67-) and p21+ or p27+ cells were found in the PT of the AKI group than in that of the vehicle group. UA induced G1 arrest and inhibited S phase progression with earlier dedifferentiation and less apoptosis in PT cells of the AKI group. Lead acetate induced proliferation without dedifferentiation but with delayed G0–G1 transition and inhibited S phase progression in PT cells in the AKI group. Sustained p21 and increased p27 expression in PT cells were found in the AKI group in response to UA and lead acetate. PT cells in the AKI group inhibited cell cycle progression by enhanced G1 arrest, probably via p21/p27 modulation as an injury or proliferation response, resulting in cytoresistance to rechallenge injury.
Heme Iron Intake, Dietary Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas in a Large Cohort Study of French Women
Authors: Bastide Nadia , Morois Sophie , Cadeau Claire , Kangas Suvi , Serafini Mauro , Gusto Gaëlle , Dossus Laure , Pierre Fabrice H. , Clavel-Chapelon Françoise , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine
Published: January 2016

Background: Nitrosylated and non-nitrosylated heme iron from red processed and nonprocessed meat have been associated with increased colorectal carcinogenesis. Mechanisms include oxidative processes. It has been hypothesized that dietary antioxidants could counteract the effects of heme iron. We investigated the relationships between heme iron intake and the risk of colorectal adenomas, and a potential interaction with the dietary antioxidant capacity, in the E3N prospective cohort study.

Methods: The study included 17,397 women, who underwent at least one colonoscopy. Among them, 1,409 were diagnosed with at least one first colorectal adenoma during the 103,253 person-years of follow-up. Dietary intake was measured by a semiquantitative food history questionnaire. HR estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results: Heme iron intake was positively associated with colorectal and colon adenoma risks [HR for the fourth vs. first quartile: HR4 = 1.36 (1.13–1.65), Ptrend = 0.001 and HR4 = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.19–1.87; Ptrend = 0.0003, respectively]. Nonnitrosylated and nitrosylated heme iron intakes were, respectively, associated with advanced distal and proximal adenoma risks. There was a dose–effect relationship between the heme iron to total dietary antioxidant capacity ratio and colorectal adenoma risk.

Conclusion: In this prospective cohort study, the association between heme iron and colorectal adenoma risk was found to depend on site, nitrosylation or not, and the ratio with the NEAC.

Impact: These results emphasize the need for a global assessment of diet when considering nutritional prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 640–7. ©2016 AACR.
Relative Leukocyte Telomere Length, Hematological Parameters and Anemia - Data from the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II)
Authors: Meyer Antje , Salewsky Bastian , Buchmann Nikolaus , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Demuth Ilja
Published: January 2016

Background: The length of the chromosome ends, telomeres, is widely accepted as a biomarker of aging. However, the dynamic of the relationship between telomere length and hematopoietic parameters in the normal aging process, which is of particular interest with respect to age-related anemia, is not well understood. Objective: We have analyzed the relationship between relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL) and several hematological parameters in the older group of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) participants. This paper also compares rLTL between both BASE-II age groups (22-37 and 60-83 years). Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of BASE-II participants and used to determine rLTL by a quantitative PCR protocol. Standard methods were used to determine blood parameters, and the WHO criteria were used to identify anemic participants. Results: Telomere length data were available for 444 younger participants (28.4 ± 3.1 years old; 52% women) and 1,460 older participants (68.2 ± 3.7 years old; 49.4% women). rLTL was significantly shorter in BASE-II participants of the older group (p = 3.7 × 10-12) and in women (p = 4.2 × 10-31). rLTL of older men exhibited a statistically significant, positive partial correlation with mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH; p = 0.012) and MCH concentration (p = 0.002). While these correlations were only observed in men, the rLTL of older women was negatively correlated with the number of thrombocytes (p = 0.015) in the same type of analysis. Among all older participants, 6% met the criteria to be categorized as ‘anemic'; however, there was no association between anemia and rLTL. Conclusion: In the present study, we have detected isolated correlations between rLTL and hematological parameters; however, in all cases, rLTL explained only a small part of the variation of the analyzed parameters. In disagreement with some other studies showing similar data, we interpret the association between rLTL and some of the hematological parameters studied here to be at most marginal. This applies also to the role of rLTL in anemia, at least in the age group investigated here. Since BASE-II is yet another large cohort in which women have on average shorter telomeres than men, this finding will be addressed in the discussion with respect to the ongoing debate on gender differences in telomere length.
Doxycycline Protects Thymic Epithelial Cells from Mitomycin C-Mediated Apoptosis In Vitro via Trx2-NF-κB-Bcl-2/Bax Axis
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhuo Ya , Yin Lei , Wang Hui , Jiang Yanqiu , Liu Xia , Zhang Miaomiao , Du Fengyi , Xia Sheng , Shao Qixiang
Published: January 2016

Background/Aims: Age-associated and stress-induced involution of the thymus is accompanied by reduced numbers of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and severe reduction in peripheral T cell repertoire specificities. These events seriously affect immune function, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. Our preliminary findings showed that doxycycline (Dox) could drive the proliferation of a TEC line (MTEC1 cells) partially via the MAPK signaling pathway. Dox can also up-regulate IL-6 and GM-CSF expression via the NF-κB and MAPK/ERK pathways. Herein, we investigate the effects and mechanisms used by Dox that protect against mitomycin C (MMC)-induced MTEC1 cell apoptosis. Methods: MTEC1 cells were treated with Dox, MMC, and Dox plus MMC for different amounts of time. The expression of Trx2, NF-κB, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins were then detected by western blotting. Results: Our findings show that Dox protects MTEC1 cells from MMC-induced apoptosis. Dox up-regulated the expression of Trx2 and promoted NF-κB phosphorylation. Meanwhile, Dox also increased the expression of Bcl-2, partially reduced the expression of Bax, and normalized the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. Conclusion: Dox exerts an anti-apoptosis function via the NF-κB-Bcl-2/Bax and Trx2-ASK1/JNK pathways in vitro. Therefore, Dox may represent a drug that could be used to attenuate thymic senescence, rescue thymic function, and promote T cell reconstitution.
The Impact of Simulated Weightlessness on Endothelium-Dependent Angiogenesis and the Role of Caveolae/Caveolin-1
Authors: Shi Fei , Zhao Tian-Zhi , Wang Yong-Chun , Cao Xin-Sheng , Yang Chang-Bin , Gao Yuan , Li Cheng-Fei , Zhao Jiang-Dong , Zhang Shu , Sun Xi-Qing
Published: January 2016

Background/Aims: The potential role of caveolin-1 in modulating angiogenesis in microgravity environment is unexplored. Methods: Using simulated microgravity by clinostat, we measured the expressions and interactions of caveolin-1 and eNOS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Results: We found that decreased caveolin-1 expression is associated with increased expression and phosphorylation levels of eNOS in endothelial cells stimulated by microgravity, which causes a dissociation of eNOS from caveolin-1 complexes. As a result, microgravity induces cell migration and tube formation in endothelial cell in vitro that depends on the regulations of caveolin-1. Conclusion: Our study provides insight for the important endothelial functions in altered gravitational environments.
The Subjective Health Horizon Questionnaire (SHH-Q): Assessing Future Time Perspectives for Facets of an Active Lifestyle
Authors: Düzel Sandra , Voelkle Manuel C. , Düzel Emrah , Gerstorf Denis , Drewelies Johanna , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Demuth Ilja , Lindenberger Ulman
Published: January 2016

Background: A wider subjective time horizon is assumed to be positively associated with longevity and vitality. In particular, a lifestyle with exposure to novel and varied information is considered beneficial for healthy cognitive aging. At present, measures that specifically assess individuals' perceived temporal extension to engage in active lifestyles in the future are not available. Objectives: We introduce and validate a new self-report measure, the Subjective Health Horizon Questionnaire (SHH-Q). The SHH-Q assesses individuals' future time perspectives in relation to four interrelated but distinct lifestyle dimensions: (1) novelty-oriented exploration (Novelty), (2) bodily fitness (Body), (3) work goals (Work), and (4) goals in life (Life Goals). The present study aims at: (a) validating the hypothesized factor structure of the SHH-Q, according to which the SHH-Q consists of four interrelated but distinct subscales, and (b) testing the hypothesis that the Novelty and Body subscales of the SHH-Q show positive and selective associations with markers of cognition and somatic health, respectively. Methods: Using structural equation modeling, we analyzed data from 1,371 healthy individuals (51% women) with a mean age of 70.1 years (SD = 3.6) who participated in the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) and completed the SHH-Q. Results: As predicted, the SHH-Q formed four correlated but distinct subscales: (1) Novelty, (2) Body, (3) Work, and (4) Life Goals. Greater self-reported future novelty orientation was associated with higher current memory performance, and greater future expectations regarding bodily fitness with better current metabolic status. Conclusion: The SHH-Q reliably assesses individual differences in four distinct dimensions of future time perspective. Two of these dimensions, Novelty and Body, show differential associations with cognitive status and somatic health. The SHH-Q may serve as a tool to assess how different facets of future time perspective relate to somatic health, cognition, motivation, and affect, and may help to identify the socioeconomic and individual antecedents, correlates, and consequences of an active lifestyle.
Estimating Population Density of the San Martin Titi Monkey (Callicebus oenanthe) in Peru Using Vocalisations
Authors: van Kuijk Silvy M. , García-Suikkanen Carolina , Tello-Alvarado Julio C. , Vermeer Jan , Hill Catherine M.
Published: January 2016

We calculated the population density of the critically endangered Callicebus oenanthe in the Ojos de Agua Conservation Concession, a dry forest area in the department of San Martin, Peru. Results showed significant differences (p < 0.01) in group densities between forest boundaries (16.5 groups/km2, IQR = 21.1-11.0) and forest interior (4.0 groups/km2, IQR = 5.0-0.0), suggesting the 2,550-ha area harbours roughly 1,150 titi monkeys. This makes Ojos de Agua an important cornerstone in the conservation of the species, because it is one of the largest protected areas where the species occurs.
Global Disorders of Sex Development Update since 2006: Perceptions, Approach and Care
Authors: Lee Peter A. , Nordenström Anna , Houk Christopher P. , Ahmed S. Faisal , Auchus Richard , Baratz Arlene , Baratz Dalke Katharine , Liao Lih-Mei , Lin-Su Karen , Looijenga 3rd Leendert H.J. , Mazur Tom , Meyer-Bahlburg Heino F.L. , Mouriquand Pierre , Quigley Charmian A. , Sandberg David E. , Vilain Eric , Witchel Selma ,   and the Global DSD Update Consortium
Published: January 2016

The goal of this update regarding the diagnosis and care of persons with disorders of sex development (DSDs) is to address changes in the clinical approach since the 2005 Consensus Conference, since knowledge and viewpoints change. An effort was made to include representatives from a broad perspective including support and advocacy groups. The goal of patient care is focused upon the best possible quality of life (QoL). The field of DSD is continuously developing. An update on the clinical evaluation of infants and older individuals with ambiguous genitalia including perceptions regarding male or female assignment is discussed. Topics include biochemical and genetic assessment, the risk of germ cell tumor development, approaches to psychosocial and psychosexual well-being and an update on support groups. Open and on-going communication with patients and parents must involve full disclosure, with the recognition that, while DSD conditions are life-long, enhancement of the best possible outcome improves QoL. The evolution of diagnosis and care continues, while it is still impossible to predict gender development in an individual case with certainty. Such decisions and decisions regarding surgery during infancy that alters external genital anatomy or removes germ cells continue to carry risk.
Three Cases of Bullous Pemphigoid Associated with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors - One due to Linagliptin
Authors: Mendonça Francisco Manuel Ildefonso , Martín-Gutierrez Francisco José , Ríos-Martín Juan José , Camacho-Martinez Francisco
Published: January 2016

Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease in which there are humoral and cellular responses against the BP180 and BP230 antigens. Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors enhance endogenous glucagon peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion with food intake, which leads to insulin secretion, as well as to the reduction of glucagon secretion. Recently, several cases of DPP-4 inhibitor-associated BP have been reported. Objectives: To report 3 cases of DPP-4 inhibitor-associated BP, one of which is due to linagliptin use, as well as to review all currently published cases of DPP-4 inhibitor-associated BP. Case Reports: Three patients diagnosed with BP at our department showed a clear temporal relationship between the introduction of DPP-4 for the treatment of diabetes and the onset of BP. One case was due to linagliptin use, while the other 2 cases were due to an association with vildagliptin-metformin use. Conclusions: This is the first report of linagliptin-associated BP. Furthermore, 2 other cases of vildagliptin-associated BP are reported.
Ten-Year Experience with the Conservative Management of Abnormally Invasive, Residual Trophoblastic Disease. A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Promberger Regina , Ott Johannes , Chalubinski Kinga M.
Published: January 2016

Conservative management of abnormally invasive, residual trophoblastic disease (AIRTD) is underreported. We aimed at critically reviewing our experience with such conservative management. We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included 24 women. The median completed week of gestation at delivery (20/24, 83.3%)/2nd trimester miscarriage (4/24, 16.7%) was 35 (range 17-41). Two women initially chose a surgical treatment (dilatation and curettage), but AIRTD remained sonographically visible afterward. Five patients developed a fever >38.0°C for ≥2 days (5/24, 20.8%). Due to heavy vaginal bleeding, 2 patients then underwent dilatation, diagnostic hysteroscopy, and curettage (2/24, 8.3%). One of these women also had to undergo hysterectomy (1/24, 4.2%). The 23 patients without hysterectomy underwent regular sonographic follow-up examinations. Regression of AIRTD was found after a median of 74 days (range 36-323). In conclusion, our data suggest that a conservative, observational treatment is feasible in AIRTD, with low rates of secondary surgical interventions. The long time intervals until regression require perseverance by these patients.
ABC3 Consensus: Assessment by a German Group of Experts
Authors: Thomssen Christoph , Augustin Doris , Ettl Johannes , Haidinger Renate , Lück Hans-Joachim , Lüftner Diana , Marmé Frederik , Marschner Norbert , Müller Lothar , Overkamp Friedrich , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Thill Marc , Untch Michael , Wuerstlein Rachel , Harbeck Nadia
Published: January 2016

The Advanced Breast Cancer Third International Consensus Conference on the diagnosis and treatment of advanced breast cancer took place in Lisbon, Portugal, on November 5-7, 2015. This year's conference (ABC3) was focused on the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (stage IV), as it was 4 years ago at the first consensus meeting (ABC1). A matter of particular interest was the patients' perspective. Thus, patient-relevant issues were addressed by the consensus discussions, such as those on treatment goals, quality of life, care of long-term survivors (‘survivorship issues'), and coping with disease-related symptoms and the side effects of treatment. Further important issues on the agenda were the use of standardized instruments for the assessment of individual treatment success (‘patient-reported outcome measures') and the evaluation of the benefit of novel drugs (e.g. the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale). Diagnosis and treatment of inoperable locally advanced breast cancer had already been discussed 2 years earlier at the ABC2 Consensus and were not dealt with in the framework of this year's ABC3 Consensus. With regard to country-specific peculiarities, which unavoidably found their way into the ABC Consensus, a working group of German breast cancer experts commented on the voting results of the ABC panelists. As for the past consensus, the group specially considered the German guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (AGO (Gyneco-Oncology Working Group), S3, DGHO (German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology)) in order to adapt the ABC3 consensus for everyday therapy in Germany.
Concordance of Expert Consultation Diagnoses in the Review of Pelvic Washing Specimens
Authors: Banet Natalie , Levinson Kimberly L. , VandenBussche Christopher J.
Published: January 2016

Objectives: Cytologic specimens are routinely collected as part of gynecologic oncology surgery. Consultation cases often include cytology specimens. Outside diagnosis was compared to consultation diagnosis for cytopathology specimens that were part of larger oncologic cases. Study Design: Gynecologic pathology consultation cases containing pelvic washing (PW) material were queried. Cases had major discordance if the diagnosis changed from negative to positive or vice versa, and minor discordance if an atypical diagnosis was changed to positive or negative or vice versa. Results: Of 237 cases, 9 showed major discordance (4%), 29 showed minor discordance (12%) and the remaining 199 no discordance (84%). The 9 major discordance cases involved PWs from cases that were performed for ovarian pathology. Treatment would have changed in only 2 of the cases with major discordance. Of the minor discordance cases, 21/29 (72%) involved PW from ovarian cases and 8/29 (28%) were PW from uterine cases. Conclusions: Only a few cases showed major or minor discordance, and of those that were discordant, most involved ovarian specimens. Major discordance between original and consulting diagnoses would have changed treatment in only 2 cases.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Rib in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Sung Hyun , Choi Moon Young
Published: January 2016

Single-site, single-system Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the rib is one of the rarest causes of bone tumor in adults. Herein, we report a case of a healthy 35-year-old male who presented with upper back pain that was attributed to a solitary osteolytic lesion at the posterolateral aspect of his sixth rib. For diagnostic confirmation and treatment, partial resection of the sixth rib was performed and pathologic finding was consistent with LCH. At the final follow-up after 2 years, no local recurrence or metastasis was observed.
Three-Dimensional Hysterosalpingo-Contrast-Sonography for the Assessment of Tubal Patency in Women with Infertility: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alcázar Juan Luis , Martinez-Astorquiza Corral Txanton , Orozco Rodrigo , Dominguez-Piriz Jaime , Juez Leire , Errasti Tania
Published: January 2016

Background/Aims: We aimed at performing a systematic review to determine the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy) for detecting tubal occlusion. Methods: A systematic review in Medline database search from January 1989 to October 2015 to identify relevant studies evaluating 3D-HyCoSy. Eligibility criteria were studies assessing the role of 3D-HyCoSy for diagnosing tubal occlusion in infertile women. Index test was 3D-HyCoSy. Reference standard was laparoscopy with dye test or X-ray hysterosalpingography. Quality was assessed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity and specificity for the method were estimated. Results: A total number of 88 papers were identified. After exclusions, nine studies were ultimately included. Pooled estimated sensitivity was 98% (95% CI 91-100) with a moderate heterogeneity (I2: 64.8%, 95% CI 39.6-89.9; and Cochran Q 22.7, p < 0.001). Pooled estimated specificity was 90% (95% CI 83-95) with significant heterogeneity (I2: 80.3%, 95% CI 68.1-92.5; and Cochran Q 40.6, p < 0.001). Positive likelihood ratio was 10.3 (95% CI 5.6-18.7) and negative likelihood ratio was 0.02 (95% CI 0.00-0.21). Conclusion: 3D-HyCoSy is an accurate test for diagnosing tubal occlusion in women with infertility.
Case Report of Cirrhosis following Yttrium-90 Radioembolization for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases
Authors: Loree Jonathan M. , Hiruki Tadaaki , Kennecke Hagen F.
Published: January 2016

Background: Management options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) metastatic to the liver include surgical, ablative, cytotoxic, and radioisotope approaches. One potential local treatment option includes selective internal radiotherapy utilizing yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres. 90Y has also been used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumors metastatic to the liver. It appears to be well tolerated; however, there is no randomized controlled trial reporting long-term toxicities. Previous retrospective reports have described biliary damage as a potential complication of therapy with 90Y and chemoembolization; however, the long-term sequelae of 90Y treatment are poorly understood. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 65-year-old Caucasian woman who suffered biliary damage following 90Y administration for metastatic pNETs and subsequently developed cirrhosis. Given the timeline of her various treatments and the lack of any other identifiable etiology for her cirrhosis, we believe this to be a potential long-term complication of 90Y therapy. Conclusion: This case provides pathologic confirmation of cirrhosis as a potential long-term sequela of 90Y treatment. This long-term risk needs to be considered when sequencing therapy for patients with neuroendocrine tumors who have a good prognosis. There are now several other systemic and ablative treatment options available to these patients, and long-term complications must be considered during treatment.
β-Blockers in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With or Without Heart Failure
Authors: Nielsen Peter Brønnum , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Gorst-Rasmussen Anders , Skjøth Flemming , Lip Gregory Y.H.
Published: January 2016

Background—

Recent data suggest that β-blockers are associated with prognostic advantages in heart failure (HF) patients without concomitant atrial fibrillation (AF), but not in HF patients with concomitant AF. We aimed to investigate associations between β-blocker treatment and cardiovascular outcome and mortality in AF patients with and without HF.

Methods and Results—

Three nationwide registries were used to identify patients with nonvalvular AF patients with or without concomitant HF. Patients were stratified into β-blocker users and β-blocker nonusers, and according to the presence of a HF diagnosis. We followed the patients ≤5 years after baseline. Six different cardiovascular outcomes were investigated, including all-cause mortality and fatal thromboembolic events. Crude event rates were ascertained and propensity-matched Cox regression was used to compare event rates according to β-blocker usage status. A total of 205 174 patients were included, where 39 741 patients had prevalent HF. In the latter subgroup of patients, the 1-year propensity-matched hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 0.75 (95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.79; nontreated used as reference). For patients without concomitant HF, the propensity-matched HR for all-cause mortality was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.76).

Conclusions—

In this large nationwide cohort study, evidence of a lower mortality with β-blocker therapy in AF patients with concomitant HF was observed. In addition, this association was accompanied with indications that β-blocker treatment is also associated with a better prognosis in AF patients without concomitant HF.
Flow Diverter Therapy With the Pipeline Embolization Device Is Associated With an Elevated Rate of Delayed Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Lesions
Authors: Safain Mina G. , Roguski Marie , Heller Robert S. , Malek Adel M.
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—

Flow diversion using the Pipeline Embolization Device is reported as a safe treatment of aneurysms. Complete aneurysm occlusion, however, occurs in a delayed fashion with initial persistent filling of the aneurysm dome. We hypothesized that this transflow across metallic struts may be associated with thromboembolic events.

Methods—

Forty-one consecutive patients undergoing aneurysm treatment with the Pipeline Embolization Device and a comparison group of 78 Neuroform stent-mediated embolizations were studied. Patients’ charts, procedure notes, platelet function, and anticoagulation state were analyzed. Serial magnetic resonance images were assessed for the presence of newly occurring diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) lesions at multiple postprocedure time ranges (average days post procedure [Pipeline Embolization Device/Neuroform]: T1=1, T2=73/107, T3=174, T4=277/335, and T5=409). In addition, diffusion-weighted imaging or FLAIR burden was estimated by lesional diameter summation.

Results—

Pipeline patients were more likely to have new ipsilateral FLAIR lesions at all time points studied (30.6% versus 7.2% of patients at T=2 and 34.5% versus 6.2% at T=4). The mean FLAIR burden was significantly increased for Pipeline patients (10.1 versus 0.7 mm at T=2 and 8.8 versus 1.9 mm at T=4). Overall 34% (14/41) of Pipeline patients experienced a new FLAIR lesion at anytime when compared with 10% (8/78) of Neuroform stent-coil patients. Postprocedural diffusion-weighted imaging did not predict future FLAIR lesions suggesting a nonprocedural cause.

Conclusions—

The Pipeline Embolization Device is associated with increased rate of de novo FLAIR lesions occurring in a delayed fashion and distinct from perioperative diffusion-weighted imaging lesions. The cause and clinical effect of these lesions are unknown and suggest the need for prudent follow-up and evaluation.
Peter Olivi on Political Power, Will, and Human Agency
Authors: Toivanen Juhana
Published: January 2016

This essay discusses the views of Peter Olivi (ca. 1248-98) on the foundations of political power and agency. The central argument is that there is a strong connection between Olivi’s voluntarist psychology and his views concerning political power. According to Olivi, political power is ultimately based on the will of God, but in such a way that both the rulers and their subjects have, through their individual freedom, the liberty to use their share of power as they will. In fact, Olivi conceptualises political power as an extension of the dominion that human beings have over their wills, which is essential for being a political agent in the full sense. By providing a philosophical analysis of the role of the freedom of the will within Olivi’s political philosophy, this essay sheds light on his conception of the relation between the human and the divine will, as well as on his understanding of political power.
Identification and characterisation of resistance to the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi in winter wheat
Authors: Pariyar Shree R. , Dababat Abdelfattah A. , Siddique Shahid , Erginbas-Orakci Gul , Elashry Abdelnaser , Morgounov Alexei , Grundler Florian M.W.
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to search for new sources of resistance against the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera filipjevi, in a collection of 290 wheat accessions. The plants were inoculated with juveniles and assessed for the number of females and cysts. One percent of the wheat accessions were ranked as resistant, 16% as moderately resistant, 41% as moderately susceptible, 26% as susceptible and 15% as highly susceptible. The infection rate and the number of females and cysts per plant were significantly lower in the resistant accession Nudakota and three moderately resistant accessions Ekonomka, Katea and Lantian 12 compared with susceptible cv. Bezostaya 1. Nematode development was reduced in resistant and moderately resistant accessions. The size of females and the total number of eggs and second-stage juveniles were reduced only in Ekonomka. No significant difference in plant height, plant weight, root length, root weight and root volume were recorded for inoculated plants compared to non-inoculated plants. This study has identified four resistant wheat accessions offering new material for breeding the resistance toH. filipjevi.
Disentangling nematode-bacteria interactions using a modular soil model system and biochemical markers
Authors: Ackermann Michael , Prill Paul , Ruess Liliane
Published: January 2016

Interactions between bacteria and nematode grazers are an important component of soil food webs yet, due to the cryptic habitat, they are almost exclusively investigated in artificial agar substrate. Transport, food choice and foraging experiments were performed in a modular microcosm system with the nematodeAcrobeloides buetschliiand bacterial diets (Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas putidaandBacillus subtilis) in gamma-irradiated soil. Bacterial biomass was assessed by soil phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). Continuous random foraging of nematodes was affected by soil type. Food choice experiments revealed diet switch and time lag preference responses, suggesting that nematode population fluctuations are driven by multiple factors such as bacterial attractants, defence strategies or food quality. Application of PLFA markers revealed a strong nematode predation pressure, as biomass inP. putidadeclined by 50%, whereas no transport of bacteria through soil was indicated. Overall, semi-natural experimental systems are an essential prerequisite to gain a realistic picture in microbial-microfaunal interactions.
Dependence of Hainan medaka, Oryzias curvinotus (Nichols & Pope, 1927), on salinity in the Tien Yen estuary of northern Vietnam
Authors: Tran Hau Duc , Ta Thuy Thi
Published: January 2016

Species of the genus Oryzias are models for studies of adaptation to osmotic environments because they demonstrate inter-species adaptability. Oryzias curvinotus, a fresh and brackish water species, is distributed from the coastal waters of southern China to northern Vietnam. The correlation of O. curvinotus’ distribution with physical water conditions in the Tien Yen estuary of northern Vietnam was recorded during monthly collections for one year. For the current study, a total of 2916 individuals of O. curvinotus were caught, of which 942 were selected to be measured and have their developmental stage recorded: 41 larvae, 749 post-larvae and 152 juveniles or adults. A developmental description and an identification to the species level are also provided. Temperature, salinity and turbidity at collection sites ranged from ca. 17 to 34°C, from ca. 0 to 16 psu and from 0 to 524 NTU, respectively. A peak catch per unit effort was found in April and at the stations at which salinity was about 0.6 to 2.5 psu. In stations where salinity was greater than 17 psu or at 0 psu, few specimens were collected. Examination of distribution indicated a tendency of the species to be present along the estuary, with the center part as the main habitat of this species. The function of an estuarine environment for fishes, which inhabit fresh and brackish waters, is discussed.
Nomenclature and taxonomic notes on the controversial species Cacalia senecioides (Compositae)
Authors: Calvo Joel
Published: January 2016

The taxonomic interpretations of Cacalia senecioides Kunth in Humboldt et al. (1818: 129) changed over time and depending on the authors because the original material is not well preserved and not enough taxonomically informative. In the mid-19th century, Weddell (1856) already noticed: “Les échantillons qui représentent cette espèce dans l’herbier de Humboldt et Bonpland sont en mauvais état; mais leur examen a suffi pour me convaincre que la description de Kunth est très défectueuse” [Humboldt & Bonpland’s specimens of C. senecioides are in bad condition; but after studying them I am convinced that Kunth’s description is very imperfect]. Certainly, Kunth’s description does not allow to unequivocally identify this species and the description of the indumentum of the leaves is inaccurate. Nevertheless, he pertinently described the leaves as “reticulate-venosa”. In my opinion the reticulate leaves is a useful character to discriminate C. senecioides from other species that might fit in the description, at least on dry specimens.
Validation of the synonymy of the teleost blenniid fish species Salarias phantasticus Boulenger 1897 and Salarias anomalus Regan 1905 with Ecsenius pulcher (Murray 1887) based on DNA barcoding and morphology
Authors: ATTARAN-FARIMANI GILAN , ESTEKANI SANAZ , SPRINGER VICTOR G. , CRIMMEN OLIVER , JOHNSON G. DAVID , BALDWIN CAROLE C.
Published: January 2016

As currently recognized, Ecsenius pulcher includes Salarias pulcher (type material has a banded color pattern), S. anomalus (non-banded), and S. phantasticus (banded). The color patterns are not sex linked, and no other morphological features apparently distinguish the three nominal species. The recent collection of banded and non-banded specimens of Ecsenius pulcher from Iran has provided the first tissue samples for genetic analyses. Here we review the taxonomic history of E. pulcher and its included synonyms and genetically analyze tissue samples of both color patterns. Salarias anomalus is retained as a synonym of E. pulcher because DNA barcode data suggest that they represent banded and non-banded color morphs of a single species. Furthermore, the large size of the largest type specimen of S. anomalus (herein designated as the lectotype) suggests that it belongs to E. pulcher. A single non-banded specimen from Iran is genetically distinct from E. pulcher and appears to represent an undescribed species. Salarias phantasticus is retained as a synonym of E. pulcher because the primary morphological difference between the two nominal species—presence of spots on the dorsal fin in E. pulcher and absence of those spots in S. phantasticus—is not a valid taxonomic character; rather, the spots represent galls that contain the larval stages of a parasitic crustacean. As males and females of Ecsenius species have been confused in the literature, we describe and illustrate the genital regions of both and comment on possible new blenniid synapomorphies that our investigation revealed.
Redescriptions of Scirtidae (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea) described by Carl Henrik Boheman (1796–1868) with notes on Scirtes adustus iversenotatus Pic, 1930
Authors: RUTA RAFAŁ , LIBONATTI MARÍA LAURA
Published: January 2016

Boheman described four species of Scirtidae: one from Sweden (Cyphon pallidulus Boheman, 1850), two from South Africa (Elodes caffer Boheman, 1851 & Elodes marginipennis Boheman, 1851), and one from Argentina (Scirtes adustus Boheman, 1858). Cyphon pallidulus Boheman is a junior synonym of Contacyphon ochraceus (Stephens, 1830). Types of the remaining species were never re-examined, and none of them were redescribed. In the present paper, three species are redescribed on the basis of type specimens deposited in the Swedish Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Genitalia are illustrated for the first time and a new combination is proposed: Brachycyphon marginipennis (Boheman, 1851). The type specimen of a variety described by Pic, S. adustus var. diversenotatus, was examined and revealed to represent a distinct species, which is redescribed under the name of Scirtes diversenotatus Pic, 1930 stat. nov. in the present paper.
The Tests of Illegality Under Articles 101 and 102 TFEU
Authors: Akman Pınar
Published: January 2016

This article aims to assess one of the many contributions of Economics and the Interpretation and Application of U.S. and E.U. Antitrust Law by Richard Markovits to our understanding of U.S. and EU antitrust laws. That specific contribution is the tests of illegality adopted in Markovits’s study to interpret Articles 101 and 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This article also examines the claim that none of these tests is an economic-inefficiency test of illegality. In order to achieve its aim, the article first comments on the “specific-anticompetitive-intent test” that is proposed to be the test of illegality under the object branch of the prohibition of Article 101 TFEU and under the abuse prohibition of Article 102 TFEU, before moving on to separate discussions of the tests of illegality in the specific contexts of Article 101 TFEU and subsequently of Article 102 TFEU. The article finds that there is still considerable ambiguity concerning some of the most fundamental concepts of antitrust law such as “competition on the merits” at least in the EU but perhaps also in the U.S. The article reaches the conclusion that there is significant scope for discussion and disagreement on what makes a conduct anticompetitive, irrespective of whether such conduct is of the type prohibited under Article 101 TFEU or of the type prohibited under Article 102 TFEU.
Multiculturalism and Muslim Accommodation
Authors: Wright Matthew , Johnston Richard , Citrin Jack , Soroka Stuart
Published: January 2016

This article assesses the apparent effect of political multiculturalism on tolerance of Muslim accommodation among native-born majority members. Our principle goal is in understanding how public opinion on religious accommodation varies as a function of both federal multicultural policy, on one hand, and more deeply rooted notions of political culture, on the other. We do so by examining responses to a pair of survey experiments embedded in surveys conducted in Canada and the United States. The experiments allow us to convincingly demonstrate “Muslim exceptionalism.” Contextual comparisons across multicultural policy regimes (Canada and the United States) and within them but across distinct political cultures (Quebec vs. English Canada) lend credence to a fairly subdued role for policy and a much larger one for political culture. These effects are, we argue and show, strongly moderated by support for multiculturalism at the individual-level.
3D finite element model for predicting manufacturing distortions of composite parts
Authors: Çınar Kenan , Ersoy Nuri
Published: January 2016

A 3D finite element model has been developed for predicting manufacturing distortions of fibre-reinforced thermosetting composite parts. The total curing process is divided into three steps that correspond to the states that resin passes through during curing: viscous, rubbery, and glassy. Tool–part interaction properties were calibrated by modelling the distortion of a single ply part. For comparison, composite parts of various geometries (L-section and U-section), stacking sequences, thicknesses, and bagging conditions were manufactured. The full field thickness profile and full field distortion pattern were obtained using a 3D laser scanner, which reveals higher and lower resin bleeding and corner thickening locations. The effect of stacking sequence is also examined with the full field distortion pattern. It was found that the parts manufactured under the bleeding condition give higher spring-in and warpage values. The spring-in predictions were well matched to measurements of the manufactured parts.
What drives European multinationals to the European Union neighbouring countries? A mixed-methods analysis of Italian investment strategies
Authors: Ascani Andrea , Crescenzi Riccardo , Iammarino Simona
Published: January 2016

This article aims to investigate the economic integration between the European Union and its neighbouring countries by exploring the location drivers of Italian Multinational Enterprises in 33 destination countries including the New Member States of the European Union and the European Neighbouring Countries. The article compares market- and efficiency-seeking motivations with asset-seeking strategies. The analysis is based on a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative analysis assesses the location determinants of 518 Italian Multinational Enterprises that invested in the area in the years 2003–2008, whereas qualitative information on strategic location decisions is collected by means of in-depth interviews with executives in two of the largest Italian Multinational Enterprises active in the region. Market-seeking considerations are still predominant drivers of location decisions in European Union Neighbouring Countries together with resource-seeking motivations. However, different Multinational Enterprises develop diversified strategies to increase their access to these areas, which are of increasing interest for global investors.
From Caracas to Lyon
Authors: Granda Renny , Machin-Mastromatteo Juan D
Published: January 2016

We offer elements and reflections to tackle from Latin American societies and public libraries for moving toward sustainable development. From the Caracas Declaration for the Public Library to the Lyon Declaration on Access to Information and Development, there has been a clear and constant plea for the development of Latin America, accepting the value information has for progress and focusing on the access to information, literacy, education and culture as human rights.