bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF THE COMBINED APPROACH IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION FOR STRUCTURING AND SUBSTANTIATION OF A CYCLE OF DIFFICULT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
Authors: Prуkhodko Оleh , Nikolaev Georhii
Published: May 2022

The research hypothesis is based on the assumption that in the context of the digital construction space, it is necessary to create an industry-wide digital platform that automates all stages and procedures of the construction project life cycle, as well as developing a scientific and methodological approach and practical recommendations will allow significantly reduce construction costs and strengthen its competitive position in today's dynamic environment.

It is substantiated that the digital space of the construction industry (construction projects, construction organizations-participants) in the development of information and communication technologies acquires the features of alternative construction business, which should function in a certain transformed environment of construction development projects. Technologies directly related to design and construction (BIM, augmented reality, laser scanning, etc.) increase the efficiency of investment and construction projects, while digital data analysis systems contribute to a better understanding of construction market trends.

The operating system is determined by the introduction of fundamentally new updated scientific and applied tools designed to provide the development company with a clear formalization and proper analytical support of the processes of formation, analysis, and productive subsequent administration: the leading innovation of the tools introduced commercial housing construction, which are implemented in a complex economic and managerial format – production-technological, resource-logistical and administrative management of the content of business processes of project cycles as part of the portfolio of housing construction projects of the developer.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MODELING THE DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Tatarchenko Halyna
Published: May 2022

The paper analyzes the methods and models of the state of the environment and found that due to the versatility and diversity of approaches in building a unified classification of atmospheric models is a difficult task. It is determined that the Lagrange model calculates the dispersion of air pollution by calculating a continuous plume trajectory and this method can be used to calculate the profiles of ozone scattering in the surrounding area from a point source. To determine the level of purity, use fuzzy logic, then the concept of "level of purity" will become a linguistic variable. The Gaussian model makes it possible to calculate the concentration of pollutants in the simulation area in a straight line between the source and the calculation point for each hour and obtain a model of pollution by emissions at the main city territory.

Statistical models are a useful tool for diagnosing and predicting air quality through the interpolation and extrapolation of measured data. We plan to use elements of urban canyon models to predict emission concentrations on highways over short time intervals (from several hours to days). The NO-NO2-O3 reaction requires very high nitric oxide concentrations and long residence times for the gases to have a significant effect. This can take place under stagnant weather conditions, when significant concentrations of pollutants are observed for several days. However, there are no models that satisfactorily describe this phenomenon.
LEARNING SPACES' COMBINATORICS OF EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Vasylchenko Daria
Published: May 2022

The article discusses approaches to the formation of modern educational spaces of extracurricular education institutions. On the basis of a number of classification features, variants of planning solutions for educational spaces of an individual, group and public nature are proposed. It is noted that the variety of planning solutions and the comfort of using the study cell is achieved through the use of different-scale learning spaces, the right ratio between the spaces for individual, group and public educational work. It is advisable to use equipment that is universal for different age categories of users, which expands the possibility of using the premises.

Through the use of combinatorial techniques in design, the effects of a variety of planning solutions are achieved. The architectural design process is a continuous flow of combinatorial operations. In the process of finding the best solution, many options are considered, ideas and thoughts are combined with rational design techniques. Combining unique and repetitive elements allows for a variety of design solutions. The primary architectural solution of an object or space involves the use of simplified abstract elements - points, lines, spots, shapes - and their combinations to find an expressive architectural form.

Study spaces are conventionally divided into sub-zones of individual, group and public work. Individual learning units are intended mainly for independent studying; it is possible to work under the guidance of a teacher or in the accompaniment of a special person (inclusive approach in education). Group learning units can be designed for use by groups of 2 up to 25 children with or without teacher guidance. Public educational units are designed for intergroup work or for such forms of learning as lectures. 

Planning options for solutions for individual, group and public learning zones are proposed in the article. Planning solutions are developed on the basis of the conditional division of zones according to the parameters of equipment availability, teacher support and isolation.
INNOVATIVE METHOD FOR FORWARD STRESSING OF COMBINED REINFORCEMENT OF WOODEN BEAMS
Authors: Gomon Petro
Published: May 2022

The article describes the basic methods of front tensioning of steel reinforcement and composite smuga behind the help of special outbuildings when folding forward stressed wooden elements and structures.

For the essential advancement of the hardness of the elements from the village, which is necessary to apply to the core: increase the strength of the squeezed zone of reinforcement with accessible reinforcement with the highest modulus of springiness, that is, steel; create a buoyant wig for the front tension of the composite stitching made of carbon fiber by Sika CarboDur.

The sequence of front tensioning of steel reinforcement and composite smuga without special attachments is broken down. In the new model, it was changed to change the bending of the glued-reinforced combination to the reinforcement of the beam with a track of the front tension of the string reinforcement, which is used in the splice of simple steps without the addition of additional special outbuildings. The buttstock of the front tensioning of the composite reinforcement Sika CarboDur S- 512 was placed on the wood of the stretched zone of the beam without special attachments. Shown is one of the methods of anchoring the composite strіchkovo reinforcement Sika CarboDur S-512.

If such a design is put into operation, then when the cob is occupied, її cobs will be extinguished, the forward stresses will be called out, and the last thing will be more likely to bend. In this way, one and the same value of the deflection will be reached with greater equalization of tension, lower without forward tension.

The advantage of this method is its simplicity, even if it is not necessary to adjuncts for tensile reinforcement. In addition, for the front tension of the reinforcement in this way, a change in the bending of the gap with the design behind the prototype is up to 30%.
ANALYSIS OF TEST EQUIPMENT FOR INVESTIGATION OF MATERIALS UNDER A STRONG LOAD APPLICATION
Authors: Homon Sviatoslav , Matviiuk Oleksandr , Kulakovskyi Leonid , Chornomaz Nataliya
Published: May 2022

An analysis of publications on this topic. It is established that in most literature sources the work of wood is shown only in the ascending branch of deformation, which is a false statement. The method of experimental studies of alder and spruce wood by axial compression along the fibers with a short-term load at standard humidity (by increasing displacements) is presented. The age of the wood was about 40 years. Experimental studies of such samples were performed on a modern STM- 100 test machine. 18 samples with a cross section of 30x30x120 mm were tested. Based on the experiment, complete deformation diagrams “stress σc - strain uc” were constructed and the main parameters were established: critical and residual strains, as well as their corresponding stresses. It is established that both diagrams have an ascending and descending branch, ie they work in both pre-critical and super-critical stages of work.

The average critical deformations of alder wood uc,0,d = 0,00397, as well as the corresponding maximum stresses fc,0,d = 35,6 MPa, and spruce wood - uc,0,d = 0,00421 (fc,0,d = 38.1 MPa).

Also, the average residual deformations for alder wood uc,fin = 0.277, and the corresponding stresses σc,fin = 3.9 MPa; for spruce wood uc,fin = 0.212, and stress - σc,fin = 3.6 MPa. 

It is confirmed that deciduous and coniferous wood at standard humidity has an ascending and descending branch, ie works in the subcritical and supercritical stages of work.

In the future it is necessary to conduct such experimental studies for other deciduous and coniferous species. In the future, determined mechanical characteristics experimentally, it is necessary to propose methods for finding and theoretical, which will give a complete picture of such materials.
REDEVELOPMENT OF DEGRADING INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF HISTORICAL BUILDING
Authors: Gulei Daryna
Published: May 2022

The research provides definitions of the term "redevelopment". In the analysis, the major classification of redevelopment has been considered and determined. The principal compositional methods of redevelopment and adaptation of former industrial areas with historic buildings to the modern needs of the city and its inhabitants are highlighted. The paper intends to point out the necessity of the introduction of the redevelopment of abandoned industrial historical territories as a successful way of their adaptation to modern needs.

Worldwide and Ukrainian examples of redevelopment are analyzed. One of the aims of this article is to show successful examples of large-scale redevelopment and revitalization with adaptation to the new functions of the old industrial zone, using the example of Tallinn's Rothermanni Quarter and the re-functionalized renovation of the Comfort Town residential complex in Kyiv.
Financial Accounting as a Tool to Enhance Non-Government Organisations’ Performance: A Case Study of a Large NGO in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Mvunabandi Jean Damascene , Lathleiff Charmaine , Muzindutsi Paul-Francois
Published: May 2022

Numerous non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in South Africa and elsewhere do not have standardised financial accounting practices to follow in preparing their financial statements and it is not clear whether the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for Small and Medium-sized Entities (SMEs) can be used to enhance NGOs performance (Kaya et al., 2015). This article explored the applicability of financial accounting practices as a relevant tool to enhance NGO performance with particular reference to a large NGO in Durban, South Africa. A qualitative approach was employed and data was collected through the use of semi-structured interviews and conventional thematic and document analysis. Evidence from this study showed that despite adopting accounting and financial policy and procedures, the selected NGO finds it difficult to maximise its financial performance due to failure to fully comply with IFRS for SMEs in South Africa. This article provides necessary recommendations applicable to other similar NGOs globally.
Monetary Policy Rate and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Ovat Okey O. , Ishaku Rimamtanung  Nyiputen , Ugbaka Malachy Ashywel , Ifere Eugene Okoi
Published: May 2022

This study empirically evaluated the effect of monetary policy rate (MPR) on Nigeria’s economic growth using annual data spanning 2006 - 2020. The technique adopted in this paper is a simultaneous equation model using two Stage Least Squares (2SLS). Variables of interest were Broad money supply as a ratio of GDP (M2/GDP), Credit to the private sector as a ratio of GDP (CPS/GDP), Cash reserve ratio (CRR), Liquidity ratio (LQR), and Lending interest rate (LIR). The preliminary unit root test revealed stationarity at first difference. The weak instrument test result shows   a robust instrument at 10 and 20 per cent. While the residual result indicates an absence of heteroskedasticity in the model. The findings revealed that monetary policy rate has a negative but significant effect on economic growth, Real Exchange Rate (REXR) has an inverse relationship and significant effect on economic growth while inflation (INFL) has a negative and insignificant impact on economic growth.  Given that monetary policy rate significantly impacts economic growth in Nigeria, the paper recommended that the Central bank of Nigeria should ensure that the fixing of the monetary policy rate is such that it enables the flow of credit in the desired direction to boost investment and economic activities in the economy; by identifying the Monetary Policy Rate threshold that is suitable for price stability, investment and output growth.
“Is there any Causality between the Islamic Banks’ Deposit Returns and the Conventional Banks’ Interest Rates? Evidence from Malaysian Commercial Banking”
Authors: Samad Abdus
Published: May 2022

This paper examined and compared the Islamic banks’ time series rates of return to depositors, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month as well as the rate of return on Islamic Bank's Mudharabah saving and with the conventional banks’ similar time series deposit interest rates during 2001-2015. Non-cointegration of monthly and quarterly series of deposit interest rates, established by Johansen Cointegration test, led to the VAR Granger causality test which showed unidirectional causality running from the conventional banks’ deposit interest rates to the Islamic banks’ rate of returns. The establishment of cointegration for the conventional bank and the Islamic bank series of 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month as well as saving deposit rates series by Johansen Cointegration test led to the VEC model which establishes the short term dynamics and the stability of long run equilibrium between the rates of return of Islamic banks and interest rates of the conventional banks. The Vector Error correction results showed the speed of convergence varied from 18 percent to 24 percent. The results of the VEC Granger causality /Wald test (F-test) found unidirectional causality i.e. the direction causality running from conventional banks’ interest rate to the Islamic bank’s rate of return in all series, 6-month, 9-month, 12-month, and the saving deposit.
How Government Information Release Affect Stock Market during Dramatic Public Health Shocks? The Intermediating Role of Public Sentiment
Authors: Zhao Sijia , Liu Ying , Lv Benfu , Shangguan Zijian
Published: May 2022

During dramatic public health shocks, the impact of anti-epidemic policies on public sentiment is uncertain, and public sentiment has a significant impact on the stock market. But the relationship between the three is not clear. This paper uses government information release to reflect anti-epidemic policies, uses personal weibo to calculate public sentiment, and analyzes the relationship between Government information release, public sentiment and stock market. Through the Bi-LSTM classification model analysis about 200,000 microblog data during COVID-19, and build panel data regression model. The results show that: public sentiment have a significant positive impact on stock returns; Government information release have a significant positive impact on public sentiment; public sentiment play a intermediating role between government information release and stock market; Influenced by the enterprise size and the industry it belongs to, there is heterogeneity in public sentiment's impact.
MONITORING POTENSI ENERGI ANGIN DAN MATAHARI DI LINGKUNGAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SEMARANG BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN APLIKASI BLYNK
Authors: Suwarti Suwarti , Mulyono Mulyono , Haqqi Muhammad , Putri Z Murita , Rika T.R Nur , Hadi W Setyo
Published: May 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian yang berjudul “Monitoring Potensi Energi Angin dan Matahari di Lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Semarang Berbasis Android Dengan Aplikasi Blynk” adalah untuk menampilkan kecepatan dan arah angin serta intensitas matahari di lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Semarang. Monitoring potensi energi angin dan matahari ini dilakukan dengan tahapan awal merancang program mikrokontroler Arduino Uno sebagai pengolah data yang diterima dari sensor kecepatan angin, arah angin, serta sensor intensitas matahari untuk kemudian dikirim menuju server Blynk. Data yang telah terkirim pada server Blynk selanjutnya dapat diakses secara realtime pada perangkat Smart TV melalui koneksi internet. Hasil yang ditampilkan pada Smart TV berupa nilai dan grafik dari sensor kecepatan angin dan sensor intensitas matahari. Sedangkan sensor arah angin menunjukkan besarnya sudut arah angin yang dihasilkan. Adapun tingkat kesalahan yang diperoleh dari sensor kecepatan angin adalah sebesar 1,49 % dengan range pengukuran kecepatan angin sebesar 2,01 m/s hingga 5,87 m/s. Sedangkan tingkat kesalahan dari sensor intensitas matahari adalah sebesar 0,526. % dengan range pengukuran intensitas matahari sebesar 490 Watt/m2 hingga 837 Watt/m2 .
MODEL TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PLTB
Authors: Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Hendrawati Dwiana , Agustin Annisa Dewi , Kusuma Kurniawan Aldy , Wahyuningsih Sri , Wigiantoro Wigiantoro
Published: May 2022

Turbin angin Savonius merupakan turbin angin sumbu vertikal yang memilki poros rotor utama disusun tegak lurus dengan kelebihan utama dapat mengkonversi energi angin pada kecepatan angin yang rendah. Tujuan pembuatan tugas akhir ini yaitu (1) Merancang “Model Turbin Angin Savonius Double Blade Satu Tingkat Dengan Variasi Rasio Sisi Inlet dan Outlet untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja PLTB” dengan Variasi Rasio (1:1, 1:2) terhadap kecepatan angin keluaran sudu; (2) Melakukan analisis kinerja turbin untuk mendapatkan efisiensi terbaik antara rasio 1:1 atau rasio 1:2 terhadap aliran angin. Metode tugas akhir meliputi perancangan desain turbin angin, pembuatan, perakitan turbin angin, proses pengujian, dan metode analisis data. Pengujian dilakukan pada kecepatan angin 5-12 m/detik dengan beban lampu yang divariasikan berkisar antara 5-40 Watt. Analisis uji kinerja turbin angin didasarkan pada perhitungan efisiensi sistem (ƞsistem). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa turbin angin savonius single blade memiliki efisiensi terbaik sebesar 8,43% pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s dan mampu menghasilkan listrik sebesar 10 Watt kemudian efisiensi terbaik kedua dimiliki oleh turbin angin double blade 1:2 yang memiliki efisiensi sebesar 6,9% pada beban 20 Watt dan turbin angin double blade 1:1 yang memiliki efisiensi sebesar 4,37% pada beban 10 Watt.
SOIL TREATMENT ARANG PADA ELEKTRODA PLAT YANG DISUSUN SECARA PARALEL UNTUK MENURUNKAN TAHANAN PEMBUMIAN ± 75%
Authors: Widyaningsih Wiwik Purwati , Harijono Mulud, Teguh , Saraswati Dhevi
Published: May 2022

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penurunan nilai tahanan pembumian pada elektroda plat(16x12x0,01) cm yang disusun secara horizontal dengan pengolahan tanah arang di atas dan di bawah elektroda plat dan untuk mencegah terjadinya tegangan sentuh yang dapat membuat manusia dalam bahaya. Metode pengambilan data ini adalah uji tiga titik sejajar dengan elektroda utama. Variasi dalam penanaman elektroda adalah (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) cm dan tinggi arang di dalam tanah adalah (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) cm. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan di utara ruang kerja Jurusan Teknik Mesin Politeknik Negeri Semarang pada hari yang cerah.Berdasarkan hasil tes dan perhitungan, nilai terkecil dari tahanan pembumian 2 elektroda plat paralel pada kedalaman 60 cm dengan 30 cm soil treatment adalah 13.56 Ω untuk nilai tahanan tanah adalah 6.501 Ω m. Persentase (%) nilai tahanan pembumian sebelum dan sesudah soil treatment pada 2 elektroda plat paralel yang ditanam kedalaman 60 cm dengan 30 cm soil treatment arang adalah 65.646%.
MODEL ALAT UKUR KECEPATAN ANGIN, ARAH ANGIN, DAN INTENSITAS RADIASI MATAHARI
Authors: Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Margana Margana , Safarudin Yanuar Mahfudz , Yosintaska Yosintaska , Yusarindra Nandiyaguna , Wibowo Raditya Rizqy , Cahya Yehuda Tofan Indra
Published: May 2022

Angin dan matahari merupakan energi alternatif, yang dapat dikelola secara maksimal menjadi energi yang bermanfaat pengganti energi konvensional. Data potensi energi suatu daerah, dapat dijadikan tolak ukur apakah energi yang ada dapat dimanfaatkan atau sebaliknya. Di Desa Tambakboyo mayoritas daerahnya berupa persawahan luas yang menyimpan potensi energi angin dan surya. Untuk mengetahui potensi tersebut diperlukan suatu alat pengukur secara kontinu berupa anemometer (kecepatan angin), wind vane (arah angin), serta solar cell (intensitas matahari). Pembuatan alat berupa sensor potensi energi angin dan surya yang dipasang diatas sebuah menara setinggi 6,5 meter. Sensor tersebut dihubungkan ke sebuah mikrokontroller Arduino ATMegap328P dan data hasil pengukuran sensor disimpan pada MMC (Memory Card). Sumber energi yang digunakan adalah energi surya yang dikonversi menjadi energi listrik oleh panel surya yang dialirkan menggunakan SCC (Solar Charger Controller) dan disimpan pada baterai berkapasitas 12 Volt 10 Ah yang selanjutnya dialirkan ke beban. Hasil pengukuran menunjukan bahwa rata-rata kecepatan angin di lokasi adalah 1,0928 m/s dengan potensi energi angin sebesar 0,7966 w/m^2 dan rata-rata intensitas surya 289,703 w/m^2 dengan potensi energi surya sebesar 289,703 w/m^2
ANALISIS PARALEL ELEKTRODA PLAT UKURAN ( 3 x 4 x 0,1 ) CM DENGAN SOIL TREATMENT ARANG UNTUK MENURUNKAN TAHANAN PEMBUMIAN
Authors: Widyaningsih Wiwik Purwati , Wahyono Wahyono , Yusuf Luthfi Baharuddin
Published: May 2022

Menurunkan Tahanan Pembumian yaitu bertujuan untuk menurunkan nilai tahanan pembumian supaya terhindar dari bahaya tegangan langkah, tegangan pindah dan tegangan sentuh. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan ini yaitu dilakukan variasi ketinggian arang dan kedalaman penanaman ( 10, 20, 30, 40, 50) cm dan dilakukan paralel 1, 2, 3. Hasil dari pengujian yaitu : rata-rata nilai tahanan pembumian terkecil tanpa soil treatment arang terdapat pada kedalaman 50 cm elektroda plat paralel 3 sebesar 1037,6 Ω dan rata-rata nilai tahanan pembumian terkecil menggunakan soil treatment arang terdapat pada kedalaman dan ketinggian 50 cm elektroda plat paralel 3 sebesar 532,6 Ω hasil prosentase penurunan rata-rata nilai tahanan pembumian dari data tersebut sebesar 48,67 %.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BAHAN BAKAR GAS DAN HSD (HIGH SPEED DIESEL) TERHADAP KINERJA DAN PRODUKSI GAS BUANG PEMBANGKIT PADA VARIASI BEBAN PLTGU X
Authors: Mulyono Mulyono , Priyoatmojo Slamet , Zulaikhah Ummul
Published: May 2022

PLTGU merupakan penggabungan antara Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG) dan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Sama halnya dengan PLTU, bahan bakar PLTGU bisa berwujud cair,seperti High Speed Diesel (HSD) maupun berupa gas yaitu Compress Natural Gas (CNG). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung dan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan BBG dan HSD terhadap kinerja sistem PLTGU, serta produksi gas buang pada turbin gas. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur mengenai dasar teori, melakukan observasi ke ruang kontrol dengan mempelajari log sheet. Data juga diperoleh dari pencatatan otomatis oleh komputer ACS Historical Data Management System yang digunakan untuk menyimpan data operasi pembangkit. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu perbandingan antara BBG dan HSD dengan beban operasi PLTGU yang sama menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi sistem PLTGU tertinggi yang didapat yaitu senilai 48,987 % pada beban operasi 228 MW menggunakan HSD, dan nilai terendahnya yaitu sebesar 36,136 % pada beban operasi 211 MW, serta perbandingan antara BBG dan HSD dengan beban operasi GTG yang sama menunjukkan bahwa produksi gas buang tertinggi yang diperoleh senilai 537,643 kW pada beban operasi GTG 75 MW dengan BBG, dan nilai terendahnya yaitu sebesar 516,113 kW pada beban operasi GTG sebesar 70 MW dengan HSD.
DISAIN MODUL POMPA AIR LAUT TENAGA SURYA UNTUK PRODUKSI GARAM
Authors: Widiatmoko Kristianto Adi
Published: May 2022

Kelangkaan garam perlu dengan cepat diatasi. Penggunaan modul pompa air laut diharapkan menjadi alternatif dalam mengatasi permasalahan kelangkaan garam. Desain modul pompa air laut tergantung dari potensi energi Matahari di Indonesia. Kemampuan panel surya mengekstrak energi Matahari dan hubungannya dengan pemilihan kapasitas pemompaan di analisa dalam makalah ini. Keekonomian penggunaan modul pompa air laut dan pompa degan mesin berbahan bakar minyak dibandingkan untuk diketahui nilai keekonomisan modul pompa air laut sebagai pengganti mesin pompa.
RANCANG BANGUN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO (PLTMH) POLITEKNIK PERKERETAAPIAN INDONESIA MADIUN
Authors: Akhwan Akhwan , Gunari Bambang , Sunardi Sunardi , Wirawan Willy Artha
Published: May 2022

Rancang bangun pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro (PLTMH) adalah rancangan pembangkit listrik dengan memanfaatkan tenaga air yang bersumber dari saluran tandon air yang berada di Politeknik Perkeretaapian Indonesia Madiun, Jawa Timur. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat rancang bangun sederhana pembangkit mikro hidro yang dilengkapi dengan alternative antara tenaga air (mikrohidro) dan tenaga panas dari matahari (panel surya). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan rancang bangun dengan membuat prototype alat, kemudian dilakukan beberapa parameter penggunaan turbin dan panel surya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh debit air yang tersedia di lokasi sebesar 14 liter/menit. Kemudian dari hasil pengukuran daya pembangkit diketahui bahwa, pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro generator 12 Volt dapat menghasilkan tegangan sebesar 13.18 Volt dengan arus rata-rata sebesar 102.2 mA. Pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro pada generator 80 Volt dapat menghasilkan tegangan 17.27 Volt dengan arus rata-rata 129 mA. Sedangkan alternatif cadangan pembangkit listrik menggunakan panel surya dapat menghasilkan arus sebesar 20.406 Volt dan arus 0.736 A
ANALISIS KINERJA TURBIN ANGIN DARRIEUS-H NACA 3412 DENGAN VARIASI JUMLAH BILAH DAN DIAMETER SUMBU PUTAR
Authors: Astuti Fina Andika Frida , Fachrudin Arif Rochman , Su'udy Ahmad Hamim
Published: May 2022

Wind energy is a renewable energy source that can be utilized by utilizing wind turbines which can convert wind energy into a form of mechanical energy and with a generator electrical energy can be generated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of the Darrieus-H naca 3412 vertical axis wind turbine with variations in the number of blades, wind speed and diameter of the rotary axis. The method used in this research is to use an experimental method, namely by varying the diameter of the rotating axis, the number of blades and wind speed. The number of blades varied were 2, 3 and 4. The wind speeds that were varied were 3.2 m / s, 3.6 m / s, 4 m / s and 4.4 m / s. The diameter of the rotary axis used is 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300mm and 350 mm. From the research, it is found that in all values of the diameter of the vertical axis wind turbine at a speed of 4 m / s, the more the number of blades will increase the output power of the wind turbine. The largest output power is on blade 4 with the largest diameter of the rotary axis, which is 3.52 Watts

For all wind speed values on a wind turbine with a number of blades of 4, the larger the diameter of the rotary axis will cause the greater the output power generated. The largest output power is 3.52, which is at the highest wind speed of 4 m / s, the largest diameter of the rotary axis, which is 350 mm. The greater the wind speed of all rotating axis diameters, the greater the output power produced, which is 3.5 W on the diameter of the rotary axis 4 with a wind speed of 4 m/s
PEMBANGKIT PANAS BUMI KAPASITAS 2 KW MEMANFAATKAN SISTEM ENTHALPI RENDAH UNTUK APLIKASI SISTEM OFF-GRID
Authors: Herlambang Yusuf Dewantoro , Harmoko Udi , Widodo Achmad , Yulianto Gatot , Widada Sugeng , Sahid Sahid
Published: May 2022

PLTP siklus biner merupakan salah satu solusi alternatif pemanfaatan panas bumi yang memanfaatkan sistem entalpi rendah. Skala percobaan pembangkit listrik siklus biner bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemungkinan penggunaan tidak langsung dari sistem panas bumi entalpi rendah di situs Diwak. Unit ini adalah sistem siklus biner 2 kW yang terdiri dari empat komponen utama: evaporator, turbin, kondensor, dan sistem pendingin. Refrigeran R134a dipilih sebagai fluida biner karena kinerja yang diinginkan dan kemudahan ketersediaan di area lokal. Panas ditransfer ke fluida biner di sistem evaporator dengan loop ekstraksi termal. Pendinginan disuplai ke pipa ganda kondensor kemudian diedarkan sebagai loop pada sistem menara pendingin. Turbin putar digunakan sebagai ekspander untuk mengekstraksi pekerjaan dari sistem dan diumpankan oleh evaporator bertekanan tinggi. Sistem telah dirancang dan dibangun dan sekarang siap untuk komisioning dan pengujian.
ANALISA SISTEM KERJA GAS DETECTOR DALAM MENDETEKSI KEBOCORAN GAS LPG DIKAPAL MT SC.COMMANDER LVII
Authors: Khamdilah Ali , Darmana Eka
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui respon kerja dari unit gas detector dalam memonitor terjadinya kebocoran gas yang bisa berakibat fatal bagi manusia .dengan latar belakang terjadinya kegagalan dalam proses pendektesian kebocoran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengetesan dan pengujian  secara langsung terhadap pembacaan sensor gas detector untuk mengirimkan sinyal terhadap modul sensor gas detector. Penelitian dilakukan dikapal MT.SC.Commander LVII di STS kalbut Situbondo dengan pokok masalah terjadinya perubahan nilai setpoint pada modul pada unit cargo panel dan Unit  accomodation part gas detector panel berakibat pada respon pembacaan kebocoran gas LPG. Kesimpulan yang didapat  pergeseran nilai atau berubah nya nilai persen (%) akan berdampak pada pembandingan antara masukan dan keluaran pada sistem gas detector, perlunya dilakukan penyetelan ulang /kalibrasi untuk mendapatkan nilai yang diinginkan antara masukan dari sinyal yang dikirimkan sensor gas detector dengan sinyal yang diterima oleh receiver modul gas detector. Kesalahan pemasangan pada terminal kabel pada gas detector yang berakibat muculnya protection indikator trauble lamp yang menandakan adanya masalah pada sistem sensor gas detector.
UJI EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH SUDUT OMNI DIRECTIONAL GUIDE VANES TERHADAP PERFORMA TURBIN HIDROKINETIK DARRIEUS
Authors: Octauria Emilia Putri , Nindito Dwi Anung , Saputra Raden Haryo
Published: May 2022

Energi terbarukan bisa digunakan sebagai solusi mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil dengan cara menggunakan sumber hidroelektrik seperti penggunaan turbin vertikal berjenis Darrieus. Turbin Darrieus memiliki kelemahan yaitu kesulitan memulai awal putaran (self starting) pada rotornya karena berbasis gaya angkat. Studi ini menyelidiki pengaruh penambahan pengarah Omni Directional Guide Vanes (ODGV) dengan jumlah guide vanes dan besar sudut berbeda-beda terhadap turbin Darrieus dengan tujuan dapat menekan kelemahannya. Studi ini menggunakan turbin Darrieus 2 (dua) airfoil dan 3 (tiga) airfoil dengan profil NACA 0012 untuk diujikan di aliran air pada saluran prismatik. Hasil uji eksperimental menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan pengarah dengan perbandingan 1/6 celah ODGV (6 guide vanes) dan sudut 0º mengakibatkan bertambahnya nilai Coefficient of Power  (Cp) dan nilai Tip Speed Ratio (TSR), sehingga mampu meningkatkan Cp rata-rata lebih besar 34,25% dari turbin Darrieus konvensional. Namun seiring bertambahnya jumlah guide vanes dan besar sudut membuat performa turbin menurun. Pengarah ODGV mampu meningkatkan nilai TSR sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan gaya angkat pada turbin.
PERUBAHAN SUHU BAHAN BAKAR PREMIUM UNTUK MENGETAHUI DAYA PADA MESIN SUZUKI KATANA
Authors: Nailul Ulum Muhammad Showi , SU'UDY AHMAD HAMIM , SAI'IN ALI , ADITAMA SURYA
Published: May 2022

Bahan bakar jenis premium masih menjadi banyak incaran konsumen kalangan menengah kebawah, bahan bakar premium memiliki nilai octane paling rendah, daya yang dihasilkan juga paling rendah dari bahan bakar jenis pertalit dan pertamax. Banyak kalangan berlomba untuk mencari cara bagaiman meningkatakan efisiensi dalam pemakaian bahan bakar jenis premium. Pemanasan mula bahan bakar merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dalam proses pembakaran, dengan pemanasan mula pada bahan bakar mampu membuat partikel bahan bakar cepat untuk menguap. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi pemanasan bahan bakar melalui upper tank radiator terhadap daya mesin pada mesin Suzuki SJ410. Variasi yang digunakan adalah bahan bakar tanpa pemanas, bahan bakar dengan panjang pipa 450 mm, dan 900 mm dengan diameter pipa 6 mm. dengan putaran mesin 2500 – 5400 Rpm. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengolah data adalah dengan One-Way Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan penggunaan variasi pemanasan bahan bakar terhadap daya pada mesin Suzuki SJ410 dengn daya tertinggi sebesar 29,90 HP pada 4500 RPM dengan panjang pipa 900 mm.
STUDI EXPERIMENTAL KARAKTERISASI DAN PERFORMANCE WATER BOILING BAHAN BAKAR BRIKET BIORANG DARI LIMBAH POTONGAN KAYU, ENCENG GONDOK DAN DAUN KERING UNTUK MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN
Authors: HERMAWAN BAKTIYAR MEI , Aulia Nur Fatowil
Published: May 2022

Untuk mengatasi permasalahan kelangkaan bahan bakar fosil di sektor rumah tangga salah satunya adalah memanfaatkan bahan bakar yang bersumber dari biomassa. Keberadaan sumber daya alam Indonesia yang cukup melimpah memliki potensi untuk pengembangan bahan bakar biomassa. Pengembangan bahan bakar biomassa sebagai bahan bakar alternatif salah satunya adalah berupa briket bioarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi bahan bakar briket bioarang dari limbah potongan kayu, enceng gondok dan daun kering. Karakterisasi bahan bakar briket bioarang dilakukan melalui pengujian nilai kalor. Parameter pengujian performance water boling  yang diukur antara lain adalah time to boil. Hasil Penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan nilai kalor tertinggi pada sampel C dengan nilai kalor sebesar 5911,2 kal/g, sedangkan time to boil dengan waktu tercepat adalah pada sampel C dengan catatan waktu 21 menit 20 detik.
Kata Kunci : Bahan Bakar Alternatif, Briket Bioarang, Karakteristik Briket      Bioarang, Performance Water Boiling
ANALISIS PENGARUH KETINGGIAN AIR TERHADAP KINERJA PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHYDRO (PLTMH)-PPI MADIUN
Authors: Akhwan Akhwan , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: May 2022

Pemanfaatan air yang melimpah sangat berpotensi dan dimanfaatkan sebagai pembangkit listrik tenaga tenaga mikro hidro (PLTMH).  Tujuan pada penelitian melakukan pengujian hasil dari rancangan bangun pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro dan parameter terkait dengan kinerja turbin yaitu tekanan air. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh ketinggian air terhadap kinerja pembangkit listrik yang telah dirancang sehingga dapat diketahui tegangan dan arus yang telah dihasilkan. Perubahan tekanan air diberikan dengan memberikan berbagai parameter ketinggian tandon air sebesar 1 meter, 2 meter dan 3 meter. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa ketinggian air berpengaruh terhadap kinerja yang dihasilkan pembangkit. Semakin tinggi air maka tekanan yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi dan berpengaruh terhadap tegangan dan arus yang dihasilkan pembangkit listrik tenaga mikro hidro meningkat. Berdasarkan pengukuran diketahui bahwa tegangan dan arus tertinggi yang dihasilkan dengan ketinggian tandon air 3 meter sebesar 20,46 volt 738 mA.
Sources and Distribution of Organic Matter in Coastal Area of Muang Chonburi District, Eastern Thailand: Using Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes
Authors:   Graduate Program in Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand, Boonkwang Namthip , Boonphakdee Thanomsak ,   Graduate Program in Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
Published: May 2022

The sources and spatial distribution of organic matter were investigated in the nearshore area receiving untreated urban wastewater and offshore areas containing bivalve mariculture in Muang Chonburi District. Content, elemental, carbon, and nitrogen isotopic analyses in particulate organic matter (POM) and surface sediments were performed. We found particulate organic carbon (POC), δ13C, and δ15N of POM ranging from 435.0-5,247.7 µg/L, -27.7 to -22.0 ‰, and 1.7-8.6 ‰, respectively, whereas total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), δ13C and δ15N in sediment were 3.5-76.9 µg/g, 0.8-8.3 µg/g, -25.7 to -22.9 ‰ and 2.6-6.0 ‰, respectively. These values show significant differences between nearshore and offshore sampling stations wherein accumulation of organic matter was high in the nearshore and decreased with greater distance offshore, with some retained in the bivalve farming area. The results from a mixing model indicated that organic matter in POM and sediment were initially derived from anthropogenic organic matter. In contrast to the offshore water which had organic matter derived from marine organic matter. This study highlights the distribution of anthropogenic organic waste released to coastal waters with plenty of bivalve farms such as green mussels and oysters. The results can be used to advise national strategies regarding bivalve aquaculture zoning and seafood safety policies going forward.
History of the development of European Paralympic sports (ХХ – early XXI century)
Authors:   Donetsk Centre of Physical Culture and Sport for People with Disabilities «Invasport», Smirnov Viktor
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to summarize the history of the development of Paralympic sports in European countries, to identify the main problems and prospects for the development of the Paralympic movement. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, impartiality, and social approach, as well as the use of systemic, anthropological, integrated and value-based approaches. Th e general scientifi c (analysis and synthesis), general historical (chronological and historical-comparative) and interdisciplinary research methods (citation, content analysis, interpretative analysis) have been used. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in the fact that the origins of the European Paralympic Sports in the twentieth century are comprehensively analyzed, the participation of athletes with disabilities from European countries is covered, the origins and development of the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games are described, the main directions, problems and prospects for the development of the European Paralympic Movement are identifi ed. Conclusion. Th e Paralympic movement today is an important component of international sport, a key factor in ensuring the social adaptation of people with disabilities in society, maintaining the confi dence and faith of people with disabilities in their capabilities. In fact, there are no known and popular sports that do not involve athletes with disabilities. Th e number of Paralympic disciplines is steadily expanding. Paralympic sports contribute to optimizing the physical, mental, and moral condition of people with disabilities. With the development of the national system of physical education and sports, the need for further broad and comprehensive involvement of people with disabilities in active exercise should be broadened and given priority in the processes of socialization of people with disabilities. Th e creation of equal conditions for people with disabilities in terms of their involvement in physical education and sports is the main achievement of developed European countries. Th is experience of European traditions of Paralympic sports is very valuable for Ukraine as well.
Right-Bank Ukraine in the politics of Russia and Austria on the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the end of the eighteenth century
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University, Filinyuk Anatoly
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to fi nd out the place of Right-Bank Ukraine in the policy of Russia and Austria on the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the late eighteenth century. Th e methodological basis of the study is the approach of “cross” / “intertwined” history, which involves the study of long-term relationships, transfers, contacts and confl icts between states, societies, nations and cultures; the complex application of the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematics, as well the as comparative-historical, historical-chronological, analytical-synthetic and other methods helped to ensure the understanding and comprehensive disclosure of the little-studied topic. Th e scientifi c novelty of the work is that for the fi rst time through the prism of transnational, interconnected history the question of the place and role of the lands of Right-Bank Ukraine in the relations of tsarist Russia with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at the end of the 18th century and its foreign policy autocracy and the government of the Austrian Empire, oriented to the south-west and south of Europe, at the center of which was the Commonwealth. Th e urgency of the problem is evidenced by the fact that in both Russian and Polish historiography, the study of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth remains relevant, including at the last stage of its independent existence. In this regard, the need for Russians to be more fully aware of the repressiveness of the empire, the descendants of which they position themselves in both positive and negative terms, is urgent. Conclusions. The study has shown that due to the changes in interstate relations in Europe and the transformations of the geopolitical position of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the late eighteenth century, caused by Russia’s victories in the wars against the Ottoman Empire, the focus of the foreign policy of the Russian autocracy and the imperial government of Austria were both the territory of Poland itself and the Right-Bank lands, which were part of it. Th e change in Russia’s foreign policy vector in the southwestern direction of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, and significant interest in the geopolitical opportunities of Right-Bank Ukraine led to its broad involvement in domestic and foreign policy in the context of relations between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Austria.
Nobles from converted Jews: origin and participation in Great Reforms
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Bulanyi Mykola
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study is to show the peculiarities of the activities of nobles from converted Jews or their descendants in the development of the Great Reforms of the 1860s and 1870s. The methodological basis of the work is both general scientifi c methods (logic, analysis, source synthesis, and generalization method), and general historical (historical-comparative, historical-genetic and synchronous methods) and special-historical (methods of prosopography and source heuristics). The principle of “new historicism” allowed us to analyze the texts in their original context and the history of the interaction of people of certain eras. Th e analysis of various types of sources, projects, and plans also determined the attitude to the noble fi gures of Jewish origin of the imperial elites and society as a whole. The scientifi c novelty of the study of this issue is to identify common features of such a group of fi gures and to determine their contribution to the main measures for the modernization of the Russian Empire. Conclusions. The nobles-descendants of the converted Jews in the pre-reform era were a quantitatively insignificant stratum. However, their activities were quite noticeable. A separate group of reformers includes mostly baptized Jews. The exception is the family of the Ginzburg barons, who, without separating from the Jewish community, made a signifi cant contribution to the empowerment of the Jews of the Russian Empire. The qualitatively new approaches proposed by such reformers to the modernization of imperial realities in the fields of economics, education, and fi nance, and banking are also noteworthy. Occasionally, a group of converted Jewish nobles, understanding the various religious practices of Christianity and Judaism, tried to lay the groundwork for further Jewish entry into imperial society to resolve the national question in the state, creating the ideal of an assimilated Jew.
Communicative conditions for the formation of speech competence of primary school students (based on pedagogical ideas of Ivan Ohiienko)
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Martina Olesia , Tretiak Natalia , Hordiichuk Mariana ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University,   Kamianets-Podilskyi National Ivan Ohiіenko University
Published: May 2022

The article describes the methods, forms and means of teaching, the use of which will allow most optimally formation of speech competencies for younger students in Ukrainian language lessons; outlined ways and means to improve in-teractive activities and the practical readiness of teachers to work with children, as well as aspects for the formation of correct speech, pedagogical and linguistic conditions for the formation of speech culture of primary school students; high-lights the eff ectiveness of the formation of national identity, which depends on the purposeful search for ways to improve the organization of native language education, conscious design of learning content based on the optimal combina-tion of traditional and innovative pedagogical technologies, didactic methods, techniques, forms and means of learning.Theoretical comprehension of psychological, linguodidactic bases of a tech-nique of work on formation the speech competence for primary school students, generalization of advanced experience for primary school teachers confi rmed ur-gency of the raised problem. Today mastering the language on a communicative basis is the basis of linguistic innovations, the priority of higher education. Ability to communicate using lexical riches, semantic and etymological depths, gram-matical expressiveness, word-forming potentials, stylistic fl exibility of the native language in all functional spheres determines the communicative competence of the linguistic personality. The knowledge acquired by students in primary school, personal qualities associated with the formation of communication and speech skills, will be the foundation for further education, upbringing, development of self-expression, largely determine the practical, social, professional activities in the future, because speech development is a necessary condition for student’s life.