bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple Myeloma in the Practice of a Primary Care Physician: A Clinical Case
Authors: Shklyaev A. E. , Semenovikh E. A. , Gaysina E. S.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To demonstrate difficulties in diagnosing multiple myeloma at the out-patient stage on the example of a clinical case.

Materials and methods. The course of establishing a diagnosis in a 58-year-old patient complaining of pain in the hip joint was analysed on the basis of the patient’s medical records both at the out-patient and in-patient stages.

Results. A case of multiple myeloma occurring under the guise of common degenerative-dystrophic diseases is presented. An oncological diagnosis was suspected due to the patient’s complains of persistent pain, which was poorly relieved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain agents, and progressive changes in the general blood test (acceleration of ESR to 40 mm/h, and then to 50 mm/h; reduction of hemoglobin from 145 g/l to 134 g/l). The diagnostic search started with an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs, which revealed both an extensive formation in the pelvis in the right iliac region and the lymphadenopathy of the inguinal lymph nodes. Subsequently, spiral computed tomography of the abdominal cavity and the pelvis was conducted. In all bones at the study level, multiple spherical solid formations with uneven contours causing destruction of bone tissue were detected, allowing myeloma to be suspected. The patient was referred to the Republican Clinical Oncology Dispensary, where a percutaneous biopsy of the retroperitoneal neoplasm, as well as morphological and immunohistochemical studies, were carried out. As a result, the following diagnosis was established: multiple stage IIIA myeloma, first detected, with damage to the thoracic, lumbosacral spine, ribs, pelvic, and thigh bones. The patient was hospitalised in the Hematology Department of the First Republican Clinical Hospital, where he underwent chemotherapy according to the VCD scheme (bortezomib, dexamethasone, cyclophosphomide), and was discharged with improvement.

Conclusion. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma is a challenging task for a primary care physician due to the diversity of the clinical picture and the lack of clinical suspicion. At the same time, timely diagnosis of the disease at the out-patient stage can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment and, therefore, improve the prognosis. Thus, more attention should be paid to the differential diagnosis of degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system and multiple myeloma.
Clinical Features of Urinary Infections in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Alekseenko I. V. , Ivanova L. A.
Published: June 2020

Aim. To study clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and methods. Pregnant women with urinary tract infections (UTIs) were examined: 110 with type 1 diabetes mellitus (main group) and 133 without diabetes mellitus (comparison group). The diagnosis of UTI was based on the clinical picture (for manifestation forms) and confirmed by a dual culture method using both the classical approach and DipStreak tests. The determination of the sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms to antibacterial drugs was carried out by the disk diffusion test on Mueller-Hinton agar using paper disks. Instrumental research included ultrasound of the kidneys, urinary tract and fetoplacental complex.

Results. In the main group, UTIs were pyelonephritis, asymptomatic bacteriuria (AB) and low AB (102–104 CFU/ml) was detected in 38, 69 and 31 patients, respectively. In the comparison group, pyelonephritis, AB and low AB was detected in 41, 63 and 29 patients, respectively. In the main group, the classic course of pyelonephritis was observed in 44.7%, low-symptomatic — in 26.3%, “according to the type of carbohydrate metabolism decompensation” — in 21%, and the obstetric variant — in 7.9% of patients. In the comparison group, the classic version of pyelonephritis was in 70.7%, low-symptomatic — in 24.4%, asymptomatic — in 4.9%. Bilateral pyelonephritis in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus prevailed over unilateral: 65.8 vs 34.2%. During AB, in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia was observed in 23.1% (n = 16), the threat of pregnancy termination in 53.6% (n = 37), and moderate preeclampsia in 17.4% (n = 12). In patients with low AB, glycemia above the target values was recorded in 16.1% (n = 5), the threat of pregnancy termination in 38.7% (n = 12), and moderate preeclampsia in 12.9% (n = 4).

Conclusion. Based on the specifics of the clinical manifestations of UTIs in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the following types of pyelonephritis can be distinguished: classic, low-symptom, “decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism” and obstetric. The classical course of pyelonephritis in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus is statistically significantly less common (p <0.05) as compared with pregnant women without diabetes mellitus. The features of AB in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus are the development of hyperglycemia and obstetric complications.
Fulvic Acid: an Active Food Additive or Medication?
Authors: Benderskii N. S. , Kudelina O. M. , Gantsgorn E. V. , Safronenko A. V.
Published: June 2020

This review article is devoted to the fundamental task of pharmacology, i.e. the research and discovery of novel medications that render the maximal therapeutic effect at the minimal side consequences to health. Over recent years, the world has witnessed a growing interest towards natural organic compounds on the basis of humic substances (HS), which are broadly applied in animal husbandry, agriculture and veterinary medicine due to a wide spectrum of biologically active properties. The results of chemical and biological trials demonstrate that HS have a great potential for various fields of medicine.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective, antioxidant, antitumour, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiallergic, membranotropic, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of HS. In addition, these substances exhibit a stimulating effect on metabolism, thus enhancing specific and non-specific organismal resistance. Published evidence suggests no toxicity of HS and no inherent teratogenic, embryotoxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic properties.

Fulvic acid (FA) belongs to humic acids, a family of HS. In the present study, we review its chemical properties and biological activity from the standpoint of traditional medicine. Understanding biological properties of FA and its usage in novel drug design is a perspective avenue of research in contemporary medicine.

Published sources referenced in this review are indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, the Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY, PubMed and other relevant databases.
Afet Yönetişiminde Sivil Toplum ve Güven Algıları
Authors: Çakı Fahri
Published: June 2020

Türkiye’de mevcut literatür, “güçlü ve ceberut devlet geleneği” ile “zayıf sivil toplum” ilişkisinden kaynaklanan “merkeziyetçi ve başarısız afet yönetimi pratiklerinin” afetlere karşı güvenlik açıkları yarattığını ileri sürer ve çözüm olarak, afet yönetişimi kavramı çerçevesinde, devlet ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının afet riskini azaltmak için sorumlulukları paylaşmalarını önerir. Literatür aynı zamanda 1999 Marmara depremleri sırasında ve sonrasında oynadıkları pozitif rollerle STK’ların toplumsal tabanda büyük bir güven kazanmasına karşın merkezi devletin güven kaybına uğradığı görüşünde birleşmektedir.
Bu makale, afet yönetişiminde aktif rol almaları beklenen aktörler arasındaki güven algılarının güncel durumunu incelemeyi, bu suretle “güçlü devlet” ve “zayıf sivil toplum” kavramları çerçevesindeki kuramsal önermelerin doğruluğunu güncel görgül verilerle sınamayı ve 2020 yılı itibariyle Türkiye’de afet yönetişimi aktörlerinin birbirlerine güven ve işbirliği hususunda fiili durumun ne olduğunu incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Makale, afet yönetişiminin Türkiye’deki özel durumunu, Balıkesir örnek olayı çerçevesinde nicel ve nitel yöntemleri birlikte kullanarak incelemektedir. Ana bulgular, sivil topluma güvenin devlet kurumlarına güvenin gerisinde olduğu, AFAD’ın yönetişim ilkelerine daha açık olmasına karşın toplumsal tabanın güvenini en çok belediyelerin kazandığıdır. Makale, yerel yönetimlerin ve merkezi devlet kurumlarının kendini kanıtlamış, siyaset üstü STK’larla daha fazla iletişim ve işbirliği geliştirmesi, afet yönetimine katkı sunmak isteyen STK’ların da güven tazelemesi gerekli sonucuna ulaşmaktadır.
The SIR dynamic model of infectious disease transmission and its analogy with chemical kinetics
Authors: Simon Cory
Published: June 2020

Mathematical models of the dynamics of infectious disease transmission are used to forecast epidemics and assess mitigation strategies. We reveal that the classic Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) epidemic model resembles a dynamic model of a batch reactor carrying out an autocatalytic reaction with catalyst deactivation. This analogy between disease transmission and chemical reactions enables the cross-pollination of ideas between epidemic and chemical kinetic modeling.
Regio- and Stereo-Specific Chemical Depolymerization of High Molecular Weight Polybutadiene and Polyisoprene for Their Analysis by High Resolution FTICR Mass Spectrometry. Comparison with Py-GCxGC-MS, ASAP&DIP-APCI MS and IMS-MS
Authors: ROLANDO Christian , Afonso Carlos , Hubert-Roux Marie , mahmoud ziad , SABLIER michel , BRAY Fabrice
Published: June 2020

Polybutadiene (PB) and Polyisoprene (PI) the two most common polydienes (PD), are involved in a large number of materials and used in a wide variety of applications. The characterization of these polymers by mass spectrometry (MS) continues to be very challenging due to their high insolubility and the difficulty to ionize them. In this work, cross-metathesis reaction was used to generate end-functionalized acetoxy ionizable oligomers for the structural deciphering of different commercial PB and PI samples. A cross-metathesis reaction was carried out between polymers and the Z-1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene as chain transfer agent in dichloromethane using Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst. Well-defined acetoxy telechelic structures were obtained and analysed by Fourier-Transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) high resolution MS. However, after depolymerization, low molar mass polyolefins contained some units with different configurations, suggesting an olefin isomerization reaction due to the decomposition of the catalyst. The addition of an electron-deficient reagent such as 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone suppressed this isomerization in the case of both Z- and E- PB and PI. Ion-mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) and energy resolved tandem mass spectrometry (ERMS) analyses confirmed a successful isomerization suppression. For comparing the results obtained by depolymerisation with classical methods for polymer analysis, pyrolysis-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC×GC-MS), atmospheric solid analysis probe (ASAP) and DIP-APCI analyses were performed on the same polymers. This strategy can be applied on a variety of synthetic and natural not yet characterized polymers.
Effect of MALDI Matrices on Lipid Analyses of Biological Tissues Using MALDI-2 Post-Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: McMillen Josiah , Fincher jarod , Klein Dustin R. , Spraggins Jeffrey , Caprioli Richard M.
Published: June 2020

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) allows for highly multiplexed, untargeted detection of many hundreds of analytes from tissue. Recently, laser post-ionization (MALDI-2) has been developed for increased ion yield and sensitivity for lipid IMS. However, the dependence of MALDI-2 performance on the various lipid classes is largely unknown. To understand the effect of the applied matrix on MALDI-2 analysis of lipids, samples including an equimolar lipid standard mixture, various tissue homogenates, and intact rat kidney tissue sections were analyzed using the following matrices: α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), 2’,5’-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHA), 2’,5’-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), and norharmane (NOR). Lipid signal enhancement of protonated species using MALDI-2 technology varied based on the matrix used. Although signal improvements were observed for all matrices, the most dramatic effects using MALDI-2 were observed using NOR and DHB. For lipid standards analyzed by MALDI-2, NOR provided the broadest coverage, enabling the detection of all 13 protonated standards, including non-polar lipids, whereas DHB gave less coverage but gave the highest signal increase for those lipids recorded. With respect to tissue homogenates and rat kidney tissue, mass spectra were compared and showed that the number and intensity of neutral lipids tentatively identified with MALDI-2 using NOR increased significantly (e.g. 5-fold intensity increase for triacylglycerol). In the cases of DHB with MALDI-2, the number of protonated lipids identified from tissue homogenates doubled with 152 on average compared to 76 with MALDI alone. High spatial resolution imaging (~20 µm) of rat kidney tissue showed similar results using DHB with 125 lipids tentatively identified from MALDI-2 spectra versus just 72 using standard MALDI. From the four matrices tested, NOR provided the greatest increase in sensitivity for neutral lipids (triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, monoacylglycerol, cholesterol ester) and DHB provided the highest overall number of lipids detected using MALDI-2 technology.
Identification of Diphenoxylate as an Antiviral Agent Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Shin Jin Soo , Jung Eunhye , Jang Yejin , Han Soo Bong , Kim Meehyein
Published: June 2020

This is the first report to show that diphenoxylate is highly active against SARS-CoV-2 with EC50 of 1.4 μM, CC50 over 100 μM and selectivity index over 71.4 after screening of 14 diphenyl derivatives. Our results with highly purified solid diphenoxylate confirmatively demonstrate that the viral S protein is reduced in the virus-infected cells in a dose-dependent manner. It could provide insights for antiviral treatment of COVID-19 with diphenoxylate or its chemical derivatives
Expanding the Scope of Detectable Microbial Natural Products by Complementary Analytical Methods and Cultivation Systems
Authors: Bader Chantal , Haack Patrick , Panter Fabian , Krug Daniel , Müller Rolf
Published: June 2020

Recent advances in genome sequencing unveiled a large discrepancy between the genome-encoded capacity of micro-organisms to produce secondary metabolites and the number of natural products (NP) actually detected in their extracts. In order connect biosynthetic gene cluster diversity to NPs, common approaches include genetic manipulation of producers and diversifying the cultivation conditions. However, the range of detectable metabolites is fundamentally limited by the applied analytical method. In this work, we present a two-platform mass spectrometry analysis for the comprehensive secondary metabolomics characterization of nine myxobacterial strains. We evaluated direct infusion (DI) measurements of crude extracts on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer and compared them to measurements conducted on a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) device coupled to liquid chromatography (LC), a setup widely used in NP laboratories. We demonstrate that both methods are likewise successful to detect known metabolites, whereas statistical analysis of unknowns highlights their complementarity: strikingly, 82-99% molecular features were only found with one of the analytical setups. In addition, we evaluated NP profile differences seen from our set of strains grown in liquid culture versus their swarming colonies on agar plates. The detection of 21-96% more molecular features when both liquid and plate cultures were ana-lyzed (compared to only one of them) translates into increased chances to identify new NPs. Determination of strain-specific compounds in combination with GNPS molecular networking revealed strain Mx3 as particularly promising in terms of isolation and structure elucidation of novel secondary metabolites.
High Performance Computing Prediction of Potential Natural Product Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Key Targets
Authors: Byler Kendall , Landman Joseph , Baudry Jerome
Published: June 2020

This work describes using a supercomputer to perform virtual screening of natural products and natural products derivatives against several conformations of 3 proteins of SARS-CoC-2 : papain-like protease, main protease and spike protein. We analyze the common chemical features of the top molecules predicted to bind and describe the pharmacophores responsible for the predicted binding.
Hydrostibination of Alkynes: A Radical Mechanism
Authors: MacMillan Josh , Marczenko Katherine , Johnson Erin , Chitnis Saurabh
Published: June 2020

The addition of Sb-H bonds to alkynes was reported recently as a new hydroelementation reaction that exclusively yields anti-Markovnikov Z-olefins from terminal acetylenes. We examine four possible mechanisms that are consistent with the observed stereochemical and regiochemical outcomes. A comprehensive analysis of solvent, substituent, isotope, additive, and temperature effects on hydrostibination reaction rates definitively refutes three ionic mechanisms involving closed-shell charged intermediates. Instead the data support a fourth pathway featuring neutral radical SbII and SbIII intermediates. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations are consistent this model, predicting an activation barrier that is within 1 kcal mol-1 of the experimental value (Eyring analysis) and a rate limiting step that is congruent with experimental kinetic isotope effect. We therefore conclude that hydrostibination of arylacetylenes is initiated by the generation of stibinyl radicals, which then participate in a cycle featuring SbII and SbIII intermediates to yield the observed Z-olefins as products. This mechanistic understanding will enable rational evolution of hydrostibination as a methodology for accessing challenging products such as E-olefins.
in Silico Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation of 3-Dehydroquinate Dehydratase from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Through Virtual Screening and Pharmacokinetics Studies
Authors: Alhaji Isa Mustafa , Ibrahim Muhammad M
Published: June 2020

The 3-hydroquinate synthase (DHQase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the third step of the shikimate pathway in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), by converting 3-dehydroquinate into 3-dehydroshikimate. In this study, the novel inhibitors of DHQase from MTB was identified using in silico approach. The crystal structure of DHQase bound to 1,3,4-trihydroxy-5-(3-phenoxypropyl)-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid (CA) obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 3N76). The structure prepared through energy minimization and structure optimization. A total of 9699 compounds obtained from Zinc and PubChem databases capable of binding to DHQase and subjected to virtual screening through Lipinski’s rule of five and molecular docking analysis. Eight (8) compounds with good binding energies, ranged between ─8.99 to ─8.39kcal/mol were selected, better than the binding energy of ─4.93kcal/mol for CA and further filtered for pharmacokinetic properties (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity or ADMET). Five compounds (ZINC14981770, ZINC14741224, ZINC14743698, ZINC13165465, and ZINC8442077) which had desirable pharmacokinetic properties selected for molecular dynamic (MD) simulation and molecular generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA) analyses. The results of the analyses showed that all the compounds formed stable and rigid complexes after the 50ns MD simulation and also had a lower binding as compared to CA. Therefore, these compounds considered as good inhibitors of MTB after in vitro and in vivo validation.”
Basal Plane Activation in Monolayer MoTe2 for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction via Phase Boundaries
Authors: Chen Yiqing , Ou Pengfei , Bie Xiaohan , Song Jun
Published: June 2020

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) have attracted tremendous interest as one prominent material group promising inexpensive electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In the present study, using monolayer MoTe2 as a representative, we demonstrated that phase boundaries can provide a viable pathway to activate the basal plane of 2D TMDCs for enhanced HER performance. Comprehensive first-principles calculations have been performed to examine the energetics and structural stabilities of possible 2H/1T’ phase boundary configurations. Three categories of sites, Te, Mo and hollow sites, have been identified in energetically stable phase boundaries, as potential catalytic centers for HER, all indicating enhanced HER activity than the pristine basal lattice. In particular, the hollow sites, a new group of sites induced by phase boundaries, show great promise by exhibiting a Gibbs free energy near the thermoneutral value for hydrogen adsorption, comparable to that of Pt. The mechanisms underlying hydrogen adsorption at phase boundaries were then revealed, shown to be attributed to the unique local hydrogen adsorption geometries and electronic structures at phase boundaries. Our study clarifies the important mechanistic aspects underlying hydrogen activation at phase boundaries, providing valuable theoretical insights towards designing new class of high-performance HER electrocatalysts based on 2D TMDCs.
Attacking the SARS-CoV-2 Replication Machinery with the Pathogen Box’s Molecules
Authors: Osorio-Mogollon Cleidy , Olivos-Ramirez Gustavo E. , Otazu Kewin , Chenet-Zuta Manuel E. , Ropon-Palacios Georcki , Camps Ihosvany , Jimenez-Avalo Gabriel M. , Apari-Cossio Eduardo , Torres-Moreira Natalia E. , Cardenas-Cardenas Reyna G.
Published: June 2020

The world is currently facing a pandemic caused by the new 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2. Among the fundamental processes of this virus are viral transcription and replication. They allow the synthesis

of genetic material and the consequent multiplication of the virus to infect other cells or organisms. These are performed by a multi-subunit machinery of various nonstructural proteins (nsp); among which the RNA-dependent RNA

polymerase (RdRp or nsp12) is the most important, and, at the same time, conserved among coronaviruses. The structure of this protein (PDB ID: 6M71) was used as a target in the application of computational strategies for drug

search, like virtual screening and molecular docking. The region considered for virtual screening has three important amino acids for protein catalysis: T680 (located in Motif A), N691 and D623 (located in Motif B), where a grid box was located. In turn, applying the concept of drug repositioning is

considered as a quick response in the treatment of sudden outbreaks of diseases. Here, we used the Pathogen Box, a database of chemical compounds analyzed for the treatment against malaria, which were filtered under the criteria of selecting those that do not present any violation of Lipinski's

Rule of Five. At the same time, the Remdesivir, Beclabuvir and Sofosbuvir drug, previously used in in silico and clinical studies for inhibition of nsp12, were used as positive controls. The results showed a Top10 potential target inhibitors, with binding energy higher than those of the positive controls, of which TCMDC-134153 and TCMDC-135052, both with -7.53 kcal/mol, present interactions with the three important residues of the nsp12 catalytic site. These proposed ligands would be used for subsequent validation by molecular dynamics, where they can be

considered as drugs for the development of effective treatments against this new pandemic.
Making the Best Use of Excited-State Energy: Multimodality Theranostic Systems Based on NIR-II AIEgens
Authors: XU Wenhan , Zhang Zhijun , Kang Miaomiao , Guo Heng , Li Youmei , Wen Haifei , Lee Michelle Mei Suet , Wang Zhaoyu , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tsz Kin Kwok Ryan , Li Kai , Xi Lei , Chen Sijie , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2020

A single-component multi-modal theranostic platform taking advantage of multiple imaging and therapy techniques may offer improved diagnostic monitoring capabilities and therapeutic efficacies. In this study, through structural tuning, a novel theranostic agent TSSAM with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, bright second near-infrared (NIR-II) emission, high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capability and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (40.1%) was developed. TSSAM makes the best use of its excited state energy and keeps perfect equilibrium between radiative and non-radiative transition to satisfy the needs of both NIR-II fluorescence imaging (FLI)/photoacoustic imaging (PAI)/photothermal imaging (PTI) trimodal imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT)/photothermal therapy (PTT) synergistic therapy. Further experiments validated the superior imaging quality and tumoricidal activity of TSSAM, in which tumor tissues were completely eradicated and tumor metastasis was effectively inhibited by merely single injection and one-time laser irradiation. This research has therefore presented a smart multifunctional material holding great promise in both basic research and clinical practice.
Natural Killer Cell Inspired AIE Nanoterminator for Blood-Brain-Barrier Crossing via Tight-Junction Modulation and NIR-II Gliomas Theranostics
Authors: Deng Guanjun , Peng Xinghua , Sun Zhihong , Zheng Wei , Yu Jia , Du Lulu , Chen Huajie , Gong Ping , Zhang Pengfei , Cai Lintao , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2020

Nature has always inspired robotic designs and concepts. It is conceivable that biomimic nanorobots will soon play a prominent role in medicine. In this paper, we developed a natural killer cell-mimic AIE nanoterminator (NK@AIEdots) by coating natural kill cell membrane on the AIE-active polymeric endoskeleton, PBPTV, a highly bright NIR-II AIE-active conjugated polymer. Owning to the AIE and soft-matter characteristics of PBPTV, as-prepared nanoterminator maintained the superior NIR-II brightness (quantum yield ~8%) and good biocompatibility. Besides, they could serve as tight junctions (TJs) modulator to trigger an intracellular signaling cascade, causing TJs disruption and actin cytoskeleton reorganization to form intercellular “green channel” to help themselves crossing Blood-Brain Barriers (BBB) silently. Furthermore, they could initiatively accumulate to glioblastoma cells in the complex brain matrix for high-contrast and through-skull tumor imaging. The tumor growth was also greatly inhibited by these nanoterminator under the NIR light illumination. As far as we known, The QY of PBPTV is the highest among the existing NIR-II luminescent conjugated polymers. Besides, the NK-cell biomimetic nanorobots will open new avenue for BBB-crossing delivery.
An In-Silico Study on Selected Organosulfur Compounds as Potential Drugs for SARS-CoV-2 Infection via Binding Multiple Drug Targets
Authors: Thurakkal Liya , Singh Satyam , Sadhukhan Sushabhan , Porel Mintu
Published: June 2020

The emerging paradigm shift from ‘one molecule, one target, for one disease’ towards ‘multi-targeted small molecules’ has paved an ingenious pathway in drug discovery in recent years. This idea has been extracted for the investigation of competent drug molecules for the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic which became the greatest global health crisis now. Perceiving the importance of organosulfur compounds against SARS-CoV-2 from the drugs under clinical trials, a class of organosulfur compounds effective against SARS-CoV were selected and studied the interaction with multiple proteins of the SARS-CoV-2. One compound displayed inhibition against five proteins (both structural and non-structural) of the virus namely, main protease, papain-like protease, spike protein, helicase and RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Consequently, this compound emanates as a potential candidate for treating the virulent disease. The pharmacokinetics, ADMET properties and target prediction studies carried out in this work further inflamed the versatility of the compound and urge to execute in-vitro and in-vivo analysis on SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
Impact Of Synthesis Route on the Water Oxidation Kinetics of Hematite Photoanodes
Authors: Mesa Camilo A. , Steier Ludmilla , Moss Benjamin , Francàs Laia , Thorne James E. , Grätzel Michael , Durrant James R
Published: June 2020

Operando spectroelectrochemical analysis is used to determine the water oxidation reaction kinetics for hematite photoanodes prepared using four different synthetic procedures. Whilst these photoanodes exhibit very different current / voltage performance, their underlying water oxidation kinetics are found to be almost invariant. Lower photoanode performance was found to correlate with the observation of optical signals indicative of charge accumulation in mid-gap oxygen vacancy states, indicating these states do not contribute directly to water oxidation.
氨酚麻美干混悬剂的有关物质及抗炎效果研究
Authors: 冯 荣权 , 邵 良碧 , 胡 增仁 , 冯 敬骞 , 李 姜言
Published: June 2020

目的： 建立氨酚麻美干混悬剂中有关物质的检测方法，并比较抗炎效果变化。 方法： 主要考察在不同处理条件下，对乙酰氨基酚产生相关物质的氨基酚，采用高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 法，以醋酸铵溶液 (pH 调至 5.0) 一甲醇 (85： 15) 为流动相，检测波长为 257 nm。 结果： 对氨基酚与样品中各主要成分能有效分离，但经破坏处理后，该药的抗炎效果下降。结论： 该方法适用于氨酚麻美干混悬剂的有关物质检查，并能预测抗炎效果的变化。
孟鲁司特钠联合噻托溴胺粉吸入剂治疗支气管哮喘的疗效观察
Authors: 王 占彬
Published: June 2020

目的： 探讨孟鲁司特钠联合噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗支气管哮喘的疗效观察。 方法： 选取我院 2013 年 2 月 -2015 年 5 月收治的 86 名支气管哮喘患者为研究对象，患者均为男性，随机分为观察组和对照组（n=43），对照组给予常规治疗单用噻托溴胺粉吸入剂治疗，观察组在对照组基础上另给予孟鲁司特钠治疗，均治疗 8 周，比较两组的治疗效果。 结果： 观察组在联合治疗后在临床控制率、改善肺功能均优于对照组（p<0.05）。 结论： 孟鲁司特钠联合噻托溴胺粉吸入剂治疗支气管哮喘，可有效改善患者肺功能，缓解临床症状，提高其生活质量。
CD7、CD19、CD56抗原表达在急性髓系白血病的研究进展
Authors: 王 晚霞
Published: June 2020

急性髓系白血病（Acute myeloid leukemia, AML）是成人急性白血病最常见的类型。随着近几年新的荧光标记抗体计数的出现，流式细胞术技术得到了突破性的发展，其对 AML 细胞表面及胞浆内抗原检测的技术手段得到了很大的提高，可准确的检测出 AML 细胞表面特异性或异常抗原的表达，这些异常抗原的单一或共表达使 AML 患者具有独特的临床特征，预后不佳、易复发，也是识别不良细胞遗传学的标志，对临床上治疗方案的选择和预后评估都有很大的帮助。而基于异常抗原的靶向免疫治疗显示出巨大的潜力和应用前景，日益受到世界上学者的广泛关注。查阅近年来相关文献，现就 CD7、CD19、CD56 抗原在急性髓系白血病方面是否有独特临床特征、遗传标志及预后方面的信息进行阐述。
Student Profile Toword Course Activities At PGSD FKIP University Widya Dharma Klaten
Authors: Sakti Bayu Purbha
Published: June 2020

The research was backgrounded by a decrease in the number of students who enrolled in Unwidha Klaten's PGSD Study Program. The study focused on the profile of students towards the PGSD FKIP Klaten Widya Dharma University lecture activities. Data collection uses an instrument in the form of a questionnaire. Processing data using editing, explanation information, diagrams, and percentage explanations. The research conclusions are explained as follows. The majority of Unwidha Klaten's PGSD students in 2017 have self-explanations such as being born in Klaten before the millennium, having a productive age, having traits, and predominantly female characters. The majority of Unwidha Klaten's PGSD students in 2017 have family information such as having to struggle to get more information about bachelor diplomas, civil servants, private teachers, love their siblings, be an example, and a good example in the family. The majority of Unwidha Klaten's PGSD students in 2017 have health information such as being able to maintain their weight, height, eye health, hearing health, should not be considered arrogant because they do not have recurrence of disease and accident problems. The majority of Unwidha Klaten's PGSD students in 2017 have lecture information such as having the desire to become an elementary school teacher, taking a distance of more than 1 kilometer with up to 1 hour, choosing the subjects they like and the hardest courses, namely PGSD courses.
Pengaruh Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG) Terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik dan Kemampuan Menulis Karya Ilmiah
Authors: Palettei Arsyad Djamaluddin , Sulfemi Wahyu Bagja
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru dan kemampuan penulisan kemampuan menulis karya ilmiah guru terhadap Kegiatan Kelompok Kerja Guru (KKG).  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan teknik analisis jalur (path analysis) untuk memperoleh fakta-fakta dari gejala-gejala yang ada dan mencari keterangan secara factual dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif sebagai tumpuan analisis teknik regresi untuk menguji hipotesis yang menyatakan ada atau tidak pengaruh variabel bebas (X1) dan (X2) dengan variabel terikat (Y). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru Sekolah Dasar (SD) anggota KKG Gugus 1 dan 2 Kecamatan Ciampea sebanyak 95 orang dengan jumlah Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 25 guru. Hasil dari penelitian, pertama, terdapat pengaruh positif kegiatan KKG (Y) terhadap pengingkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru (X1), dengan indeks korelasi  r y1 = 3,27 dengan hasil uji koefisien korelasi yang signifikan pada  α = 5 % serta diperjelas bahwa 80 % variasi Y dipengaruhi oleh X1. Kedua, terdapat pengaruh kegiatan KKG (Y) dengan kemampuan menulis karya ilmiah (X2), dengan koefisien korelasi  r y2 = 3,32 dengan hasil uji koefisien korelasi yang signifikan pada  α = 5 % serta diperjelas bahwa 80 % variasi Y dipengaruhi oleh X2. Ketiga terdapat pengaruh positif  kegiatan KKG (Y) dengan  pengingkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru (X1) dan kemampuan menulis karya ilmiah (X2), dengan koefisien korelasi ganda Ry.12 = 4,76 dengan hasil uji koefisien korelasi yang signifikan pada  α = 5 % serta diperjelas bahwa 80 % variasi Y dipengaruhi oleh X1 dan X2. Melalui analisa pengujian diperoleh bahwa koefisen korelasi dan koefisien regresi tersebut sangat signifikan. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan sangat signifikan antara peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik dan kemampuan menulis karya ilmiah dengan kegiatan KKG.
Kemampuan Siswa dalam Mengerjakan Soal HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) pada Pembelajaran Matematika di Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Intan Fradia Mayang , Kuntarto Eko , Alirmansyah Alirmansyah
Published: June 2020

HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) is an instrument that assesses students' hight level thinking skills so that students are not just remembering but are expected to be able to develop ideas. Based on Bloom's Taxonomy, HOTS questions consist of 3 levels, namely analyzing, evaluating and creating. This study aims to describe the ability of students to work on HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) problems in mathematics learning in VA class SD Negeri No. 55 / I Sridadi at the level of analyzing, evaluating, and creating. This research uses a descriptive quantitative research design. The data of this study were obtained using tests of the students' ability to work on HOTS questions in mathematics learning provided to students by using content validity, while data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the ability of VA grade students of SD Negeri No 55 / I Sridadi in working on HOTS questions in mathematics learning at the level of analyzing questions was obtained on average by 56.35 with quite good categories. In the matter of evaluating level obtained an average of 72.95 with a high category, on the matter of creating level obtained an average of 64.9 with a pretty good category. The conclusion of this research is the ability of VA class students of SD Negeri No 55 / I Sridadi in working on HOTS questions in mathematics learning is in quite good category, meaning that students are able to work on HOTS questions in mathematics learning.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran STAD dan CIRC terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Kolaborasi Siswa Kelas V SD Gugus Joko Tingkir pada Mata Pelajaran Tematik
Authors: Junita Junita , Wardani Krisma Widi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan model pembelajaran STAD dan CIRC terhadap keterampilan kolaborasi siswa kelas V SD Gugus Joko Tingkir Kota Salatiga. Aspek keterampilan kolaborasi yang dilihat dalam penelitian meliputi: kerja sama, tanggung jawab, kompromi, komunikasi, dan fleksibilitas siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, jenis Quasi Eksperimental Research atau eksperimen semu dan tehnik yang digunakan untuk menentukan sampel adalah tehnik sampling purposive. Sample dalam penelitian ini SD Negeri Tingkir Lor 01 dan SD Negeri Tingkir Tengah 02. Subjek penelitian kelompok eksperimen 1 adalah 32 siswa kelas V SD Negeri Tingkir Lor 01 mendapat perlakuan model STAD. Sedangkan subjek penelitian kelompok eksperimen 2 yaitu 32 siswa Kelas V SD Negeri Tingkir Tengah 02 mendapat perlakuan model CIRC. Tehnik pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan rubrik penilaian keterampilan kolaborasi dikembangkan oleh Triiling, selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan tehnik analisis statistik deskriptif. Berdasarkan uji prasyarat yang telah dilakukan, data berdistribusi normal sehingga analisis dilakukan dengan statistik parametrik berdasarkan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil independent sample t-test diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig.(2-tailed)=0,000 dimana nilai <0,05, yang artinya terdapat perbedaan keefektifan yang signifikan antara model STAD dan CIRC, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Adanya Perbedaan signifikan didukung dengan rerata kedua sampel penelitian, rerata kelompok eksperimen 1 yaitu 51,22 dan kelompok eksperimen 2 yaitu 54,31. Aspek yang memiliki kecenderungan nilai tinggi pada kelompok eksperimen 2 menyebar pada seluruh aspek baik kerja sama, tanggung jawab, kompromi maupun komunikasi. Artinya dengan menerapkan model CIRC lebih efektif dibanding STAD dalam meningkatkan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PENDEKATAN SERU MELALUI TINDAKAN TINDAK LANJUT SUPERVISI KUNJUNGAN KELAS OLEH KEPALA SEKOLAH
Authors: Sugiarti Sugiarti
Published: June 2020

Penelitian kegiatan supervisi ini dilakukan oleh Kepala Sekolah agar dapat memperbaiki atau meningkatkan kualitas dari pembelajaran SERU yang telah diterapkan oleh guru-guru SDN 84 Singkawang. Prosedur penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan siklus-siklus tindakan (daur ulang) yang meliputi perencanaan (Planning), tindakan (Action), mengobservasi (Observation), dan melakukan refleksi (Reflection). Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) ini dilakukan di SD Negeri 84 Singkawang, Kecamatan Singkawang Utara Kota Singkawang pada semester II Tahun pelajaran 2016-2017.  Hasil supervisi keterampilan guru dalam penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran SERUsiklus 1 masih kurang dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus 2. Data hasil penilaian RPP juga mengalami peningkatan. Dilihat dari dari segi siswa terlihat adanya peningkatan parrtisipasi siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Data hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa dalam kelas 1mencapai rata-rata skor 5,79 (cukup), dalam kelas 2 mencapai  (cukup).  Kelas 3 mencapai skor rata-rata 7,12 (baik), kelas 4 mencapai 7,30 (baik), dan kelas 5 mencapai 7,44 (Baik). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa telah mengalami peningkatan namun belum mencapai katagori baik sehingga perlu ditingkatkan.
Derecho & Economí­a: Reflexiones entorno al concepto Derechos de Propiedad
Authors: Ghersi Silva Enrique Alberto
Published: June 2020

La presente nota de investigación introduce algunas reflexiones en torno al concepto Derechos de Propiedad. En ese sentido, se propone una contraposición teórico-conceptual a partir de la comparación argumentativa del Civil Law y el Common Law. Esta contraposición se introduce al amparo de la teoría del “Derecho & Economía”, con una especial recurrencia al enfoque propuesto por el “Análisis Económico del Derecho”. Se inicia con un breve recorrido histórico para después plantear algunas tesis distanciadas de la comprensión generalizada que existe en torno a nociones como el derecho de dominio la propiedad material, entre otros aspectos circunscritos.
Straightening the Trajectory From Algebraic Models and Computer Modeling in Additional Construction
Authors: Petrova Henrietta , Sovertkov Petr
Published: June 2020

Рresents educational and research building model trajectory.
Development of Interside Dimensions in the Process of Teaching Mathematics to Future Architects
Authors: Puchkov Nikolay , Zabavnikova Tatyana
Published: June 2020

The issues of development of intersubject communications at the present stage of the formation of digital education in the preparation of student architects are discussed. The idea of strengthening intersubject communications, mathematics and architecture is defended by a new meaningful replenishment of educational programs, mastering digitalization skills when solving mathematical problems by mathematical methods, and involving elements of competition implemented using Web technologies in educational activities.
Methodical System of Studying to the Course of Mathematics Trainings Methodics in the Digital Epoch
Authors: Blinova Tatiana Leonidovna , Naymushina Karina Yurievna
Published: June 2020

The paper presents the methodology of training students of mathematical specialty pedagogical University in the paradigm of mixed learning with elements of distance learning, combining classical didactics and didactics of e-learning.
Some Elements of a Method of Design of Electronic Lessonse
Authors: Salavatova Samira
Published: June 2020

The article describes the designer of electronic lessons in the platform "Electronic Game School", created by a creative group of teachers of the Sterlitamak branch of Bashkir State University.
The Project Approach in Training of Information Security Students
Authors: Vasilishin Igor , Khaimin Evgeny , Khaimina Lyudmila
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the project approach in the organization of educational activities. A brief description of educational and research projects in NArFU is given.
Object-Oriented Projects With the Creation of Classes for Mathematical Objects
Authors: Shirokova Olga
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the current problems of software development technology based on an object-oriented programming approach
On Construction Internet Site for the Students of Technical University
Authors: Shchukin Mikhail
Published: June 2020

We consider the construction of an internet site for students of technical university. We use the construction and management of the site program JOOMLA. The site can contain the materials for the students, results of an exam and so on.
Methods of Organization of Spoc Course on Planimetry Training for Future Teachers of Mathematics
Authors: Dyupina Anastasiya , Falileeva Marina
Published: June 2020

The article presents using the van Hiele theory of geometric thinking for the organization of mixed training of students of the pedagogical Department of the N.I. Lobachevsky Institute of mathematics and mechanics KFU on the basis of SPOC course «Elementary mathematics: Plane geometry». Training includes the use of various IT-techniques and tools that can improve the quality of learning and form the necessary professional competence of the future teacher of mathematics. The course implements the technology of project-modular and inverted learning.
Creation of Query Expansion Based on the Subject Domain Thesaurus in the Ontology of Knowledge of the Semantic Library
Authors: Ataeva Olga Muratovna , Serebriakov Vladimir Alekseevich , Tuchkova Natalia Pavlovna
Published: June 2020

Possibilities of query expansion with subject area thesaurus are discussed. The role of the context defined by thesaurus term links is both to refine the query and to increase the size of the sample on the query. Of particular importance is the process of expanding the query for scientific subject areas where the search based on special terminology. In this case, thesauruses of subject areas must be used to minimize the occurrence of information noise. The proposed approach takes into account the application of similar terminology in various subject areas. Examples of the use of thesaurus of separate sections of equations of mathematical physics and related fields demonstrate the effectiveness of the chosen approach of research. By linking to concepts of information resources of other areas of knowledge, the extension of the information query captures search fields of remote subject areas and various types of data, texts, symbolic, audio and video archives. Research shows that expanding the query based on context semantics improves the search quality of scientific publications in digital information and increases the effectiveness of scientific interdisciplinary research.
Building a Publishing Toolkit for Multimedia Sciece Journals
Authors: Borisov Nikolay Valentinovich , Zakharkina Valentina Valentinovna , Mbogo Irina Anatiljevna , Prokudin Dmitry E. , Shcherbakov Pavel
Published: June 2020

This article discusses approaches to the creation of an electronic scientific journal tool platform that provides the publication of multimedia materials through a web interface. The problems associated with the need to include multimedia data of different types are described and a working prototype of the multimedia of the scientific journal is presented.
Graph Self-Transformation Model Based on the Operation of Change the End of the Edge
Authors: Burdonov Igor Borisovich
Published: June 2020

We consider a distributed network whose topology is described by an undirected graph. The network itself can change its topology, using special “commands” provided by its nodes. The work proposes an extremely local atomic transformation acb of a change the end c of the edge ac, “moving” along the edge cb from vertex c to vertex b. As a result of this operation, the edge ac is removed, and the edge ab is added. Such a transformation is performed by a “command” from a common vertex c of two adjacent edges ac and cb. It is shown that from any tree you can get any other tree with the same set of vertices using only atomic transformations. If the degrees of the tree vertices are bounded by the number d (d 3), then the transformation does not violate this restriction. As an example of the purpose of such a transformation, the problems of maximizing and minimizing the Wiener index of a tree with a limited degree of vertices without changing the set of its vertices are considered. The Wiener index is the sum of pairwise distances between the vertices of a graph. The maximum Wiener index has a linear tree (a tree with two leaf vertices). For a root tree with a minimum Wiener index, its type and method for calculating the number of vertices in the branches of the neighbors of the root are determined. Two distributed algorithms are proposed: transforming a tree into a linear tree and transforming a linear tree into a tree with a minimum Wiener index. It is proved that both algorithms have complexity no higher than 2n–2, where n is the number of tree vertices. We also consider the transformation of arbitrary undirected graphs, in which there can be cycles, multiple edges and loops, without restricting the degree of the vertices. It is shown that any connected graph with n vertices can be transformed into any other connected graph with k vertices and the same number of edges in no more than 2(n+k)–2.