bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging the impact of supply chain integration through information technology
Authors: Vanpoucke Evelyne , Vereecke Ann , Muylle Steve
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Companies increasingly exchange information to work more closely with supply chain partners. Although information exchange is a critical element for up- and downstream partnerships, the purpose of this paper is to indicate that it is not a guarantee for improved performance and should be combined with other integration tactics to fully capture its benefits.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a global sample in the industrial sector, a moderated mediation framework for both upstream and downstream integration, which links integration tactics to operational performance, was empirically tested.

Findings

This research shows that operational integration is indispensable to capture the benefits of information exchange. In addition, it points out that the impact of the use of information technology (IT) is stronger for upstream integration.

Practical implications

While the data show that the use of IT significantly improves the delivery performance in the supply chain, it also signals to managers how and when to invest in supply chain integration tactics.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to a better understanding of the supply chain integration-performance link, by clarifying some of the inconsistencies in previous literature and by simultaneously analyzing upstream and downstream implications.
The transfer process of lean practices in multi-plant companies
Authors: Danese Pamela , Romano Pietro , Boscari Stefania
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to deal with the transfer of lean practices between different units in multi-plant organizations with different levels of adoption of lean practices. It investigates how certain influential contextual variables – i.e. lean standards development, lean transfer team composition, source characteristics, recipient national environment and corporate lean programme deployment – can influence stickiness in the different phases of lean transfer process.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper opted for the multiple-case study method and examines six lean transfer projects at a dyadic level, that is, between a source and a recipient unit. The authors focussed on companies with headquarters in Europe with an attested experience in lean and which had recently and successfully transferred lean to subsidiaries in the USA and China.

Findings

The paper provides empirical insights about how stickiness in lean transfer projects changes during the initiation, implementation/ramp-up and integration phases. It identifies three lean transfer approaches (local, global, global and shared) and provides a set of propositions that explains how sociocultural traits of recipient environment (China vs USA) and lean transfer approach affect stickiness in each phase.

Originality/value

Literature on stickiness in lean transfer is at an early stage and very fragmented. Unlike previous contributions in the field, this paper provides an interpretation of the dynamics of stickiness in lean transfer at a micro-level (i.e. for each single phase of the lean transfer process). In addition, it develops a fuller understanding of the influence of context on lean transfer by adopting a configurational view, i.e. studying the joint effect of contextual variables on stickiness, which is a novelty in the lean transfer literature.
Setting a minimum age for juvenile justice jurisdiction in California
Authors: S. Barnert Elizabeth , S. Abrams Laura , Maxson Cheryl , Gase Lauren , Soung Patricia , Carroll Paul , Bath Eraka
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Despite the existence of minimum age laws for juvenile justice jurisdiction in 18 US states, California has no explicit law that protects children (i.e. youth less than 12 years old) from being processed in the juvenile justice system. In the absence of a minimum age law, California lags behind other states and international practice and standards. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

In this policy brief, academics across the University of California campuses examine current evidence, theory, and policy related to the minimum age of juvenile justice jurisdiction.

Findings

Existing evidence suggests that children lack the cognitive maturity to comprehend or benefit from formal juvenile justice processing, and diverting children from the system altogether is likely to be more beneficial for the child and for public safety.

Research limitations/implications

Based on current evidence and theory, the authors argue that minimum age legislation that protects children from contact with the juvenile justice system and treats them as children in need of services and support, rather than as delinquents or criminals, is an important policy goal for California and for other national and international jurisdictions lacking a minimum age law.

Originality/value

California has no law specifying a minimum age for juvenile justice jurisdiction, meaning that young children of any age can be processed in the juvenile justice system. This policy brief provides a rationale for a minimum age law in California and other states and jurisdictions without one.
Business email compromise and executive impersonation: are financial institutions exposed?
Authors: Zweighaft David
Published: March 2017

Purpose

To explain the fraud schemes known as business email compromise (BEC) and executive impersonation that are growing in popularity, and the threat they pose to financial institutions.

Design/methodology/approach

This article explains BEC and executive impersonation and how they are carried out, and discusses how regulations and practical operational steps are trying to address this fraud issue.

Findings

Financial institutions should understand the potential for legal and regulatory risks posed by BEC and executive impersonation, and consider taking steps to create a proactive, culture of skepticism and heightened awareness to combat this type of fraud.

Originality/value

This article is adapted from the original report issued by the American Institute of CPAs and has been updated to address specifics concerning financial institutions.
Stored value facilities: changing the fintech landscape in Hong Kong
Authors: Swartz Kristi L.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

To analyze the amendment to the Payment Systems and Stored Value Facilities Ordinance, Chapter 584 of the Laws of Hong Kong (“Ordinance”) and its impact on business development, with a focus on fintech companies operating in Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach

This article explains the concept of stored value facilities (“SVF”), discusses the overall changes in the Ordinance and comments on recent business developments of companies benefitting from SVF.

Findings

This article highlights the benefits of the amendment to the Ordinance and how fintech companies are evolving to better business practices to make use of the new legislation. Companies operating with SVF licences are creating healthy competition which is innovating the marketplace for products made available to customers.

Originality/value

This article contains valuable information about the changes to the Ordinance as well as insight on how the fintech landscape is adapting to a new regime from an experienced corporate finance and securities lawyer.
SEC adopts new disclosure and recordkeeping requirements for investment advisers
Authors: Greene Nathan J.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

To alert investment advisers to changes to be implemented to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC’s) Form ADV requirements as of October 1, 2017. Form ADV is the SEC’s principal investment adviser registration form.

Design/methodology/approach

Explains new public disclosure reporting requirements for investment adviser separately managed accounts (SMA) businesses, assesses the new “umbrella registration rules” that will govern how related advisers are treated by Form ADV, outlines key changes to Form ADV on a provision-by-provision basis, summarizes various other technical additions to Form ADV, and examines new performance reporting record-keeping requirements.

Findings

The Form ADV amendments are significant. Investment advisers should be preparing for compliance ahead of the October 2017 compliance date. Information retrieval processes will need to be reviewed and tested against the new disclosure rules. Firms will want to coordinate with their clients to minimize surprises when client data (albeit on an aggregated basis) is made public. Firms that operate under umbrella registrations should check their eligibility against the new rules.

Originality/value

Practical and informative guidance from experienced investment adviser attorneys that consolidates the key provisions of which investment advisers should be aware under new SEC disclosure and recordkeeping requirements.
Securities regulators’ overlapping priorities provide guidance for examination preparation
Authors: Nathan Daniel A. , Marshall Elizabeth
Published: March 2017

Purpose

To summarize and interpret the examination priorities for 2017 published in early January by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations (“OCIE”) of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Design/methodology/approach

Summarizes some of the most important priorities raised by the OCIE and FINRA in the areas of senior investors, recidivist representatives, product suitability, complex investments and sales practices, cybersecurity, branch offices and anti-money laundering.

Findings

As in recent years, there is a significant overlap in priorities between the two regulators on issues of elderly investors, recidivist representatives, product suitability, and cybersecurity, among others.

Practical implications

Registered investment advisers and broker-dealers should note the key issues raised in both letters so that their compliance programs can address them in their policies, procedures, and controls before their next examination.

Originality/value

Practical guidance from lawyers whose practices focus on securities and broker-dealer enforcement defense.
Policing juveniles in rural communities
Authors: Lynn Skaggs Sherry , Sun Ivan Y.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore factors that shape police behavior in juvenile interactions occurring in rural communities.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data collected in rural Kentucky through a factorial survey instrument, this study assessed the effects of situational, officer, organizational and community variables on officers’ authoritative and supportive behavior toward juveniles.

Findings

Officer background characteristics, such as race, sex, education, and having children, and occupational attitudes, such as rehabilitation and dispositional beliefs, were significantly related to both authoritative and supportive behavior. While organizational variables affected officer supportive actions, they were weakly linked to authoritative behavior. Neighborhood social disorganization was ineffective in predicting both types of police behavior.

Originality/value

Although a considerable amount of research has been conducted in the past several decades to examine police behavior, a relatively small number of studies have empirically assessed factors that shape police behavior toward juveniles with an even smaller number assessing juvenile interactions in rural communities. This research provides a comprehensive theoretical explanation of police-juvenile encounters in rural communities which will allow for a more complete understanding of the factors that account for police attitudes and behavior in these interactions.
Citizenship, fear and support for the criminalization of immigration
Authors: Barboza Gia , Dominguez Silvia , Siller Laura , Montalva Miguel
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between Mexicans’ support for the criminalization of immigration and level of police contact, fear of deportation and the perceived personal impact of immigration enforcement.

Design/methodology/approach

This analysis uses data from the 2008 National Survey of Latinos, a representative random sample of 1,153 self-identified Latino/as residing in the USA. The authors sought to identify the prevalence of Latino support for local police actively identifying undocumented immigrants and to examine the relationship between acculturation, confidence in the police and/or fear that immigrants increase neighborhood crime and support for the criminalization of immigration. The authors use logistic regression analysis and post-estimation techniques to explore the relationship between support for the criminalization of immigration and acculturation, discrimination, perceptions of crime and confidence in the police.

Findings

The authors found that Latino policy attitudes are not monolithic but differ by nativity and citizenship status and vary according to their level of confidence in fair and proper police enforcement of the law. Within levels of confidence, the authors found that the perception that immigrants increase local crime rates was a significant predictor of policy attitudes. Contrary to the authors’ expectations, neither previous contact with the criminal justice system nor being stopped and asked about immigration status predicted support for criminalizing immigration. Nor did level of support vary according to proficiency in English and perceptions of discriminatory treatment.

Practical implications

This study has implications for understanding how citizenship statuses influence public opinion on issues that are presumed to be reflective of a unified political voice.

Social implications

This study has implications for understanding the role of social stigma and political socialization and their relationship to Mexican citizens and non-citizens policy preferences.

Originality/value

No study to date has explored associations between Latinos’ policy attitudes on the criminalization of immigration and acculturation, fear of crime and confidence in the police.
Using activity-based costing and simulation to reduce cost at a police communications centre
Authors: Greasley Andrew , Smith Chris M.
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This study is based at a police force’s communications centre which undertakes a vital role in receiving and processing emergency and non-emergency telephone calls from the public and other agencies. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a method for addressing the conflict between the need to reduce cost and the requirement to meet national standards in terms of a timely response to customer calls.

Design/methodology/approach

In a two-stage methodology an activity-based costing (ABC) approach is used as a framework to show how costs are generated by the three “drivers” of cost which relate to the design efficiency of the process, the demand on the process and the cost of resources used to undertake the process. The study then provides an analysis from a resource driver perspective using discrete-event simulation to model workforce staffing scenarios.

Findings

Cost savings within the police communications centre are identified from an analysis of the three drivers of cost. Further analysis from a resource driver viewpoint using a simulation study of an alternative workforce schedule predicted an overall reduction in staffing cost of 9.4 per cent.

Originality/value

The study outlines an innovative method that identifies where cost can be reduced using ABC and then provides an assessment of strategies that aim to reduce cost whilst maintaining service levels in a police operation using simulation.
A cross-national comparison of police attitudes about domestic violence: a focus on gender
Authors: McPhedran Samara , Gover Angela R. , Mazerolle Paul
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first goal is to conduct a cross-national examination of law enforcement officer attitudes about domestic violence (DV) by comparing officer attitudes in the USA to officer attitudes in Australia. The second goal is to examine law enforcement officer attitudes about DV using a gender lens to identify whether patterns in attitudes among male and female officers in the USA are similar to those among Australian male and female law enforcement officers.

Design/methodology/approach

The current study involves a comparative analysis of DV attitudes in two different countries (the USA and Australia). Officers in the USA were asked to indicate their level agreement with 28 attitudinal statements about DV. The Australian survey adapted the Gover et al. (2011) instrument by including 24 of the 28 attitudinal statements. The survey followed a mixed-methods design with both quantitative and qualitative components. Bivariate analyses were conducted to determine whether attitudes varied by country and gender of the responding officers. Analyses of attitudinal questions and categorical variables (e.g. gender) were conducted using t-tests.

Findings

According to survey data gathered from police officers in Colorado (USA) and Queensland (Australia), male and female officer attitudes within each country are more similar than different. When comparing the overall sample of American officer attitudes to Australian officer attitudes, they significantly differ about half the time.

Research limitations/implications

The Australian survey had a considerably low response rate, and therefore it cannot be stated with certainty whether the responses given are truly representative of the views of Australian officers as a whole, although the demographic characteristics of the sample were comparable with the overall police population demographics. Another limitation is that not all demographic and background variables were collected by both surveys. For example, the US survey asked about officers’ ethnicity, while the Australian survey did not, and the Australian survey asked about how many DV jobs officers attended per month, while the US survey did not.

Practical implications

Improving knowledge about police attitudes towards DV can help to inform future policy or practice implementation, as well as training programmes and better overall responses to the pervasive and ongoing problem of DV internationally.

Originality/value

This is a unique and original piece of research as it is a partial cross-national replication of an existing survey. This work does have the potential for great impact in understanding and developing innovative law enforcement responses to DV. In developing such responses officer attitudes need to be considered and integrated into the response, as their opinions will guide the support of future interventions.
Where have all the radicals gone?
Authors: Wheeler Peter Francis
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to track the operations of a radical social enterprise, “New Horizon”, which attempted to provide a different approach to improve the independent living and employment opportunities for disabled people. The longitudinal study covers a period from the new labour project in the late 1990s to current austerity measures.

Design/methodology/approach

The project applied an emancipatory disability research agenda which places both the social and material relations of knowledge in the hands of the disabled participants.

Findings

Under the neo-liberal marketisation of public services, the radical nature of the organisation needed to be tempered, as different stakeholder groupings required different and not always complementary approaches to be undertaken to maintain legitimacy. Neo-institutional pressures tended to drive the organisation towards conformity with similar more mainstream rivals meaning the radical approach which assisted the formation of the organisation became less observable.

Social/implications

This research provides a unique insight into the systemic challenges faced by a social enterprise attempting to improve the independent living/employment prospects of disabled people. The longitudinal nature of the study illustrates how similar radical social enterprises, policymakers and researchers can understand how normative forces act in opposition to radical agendas.

Originality/value

This longitudinal study of a radical disability organisation which is undertaken through an emancipatory disability research agenda provides a unique insight into a marginalised and largely disenfranchised group in society. The paper provides a voice for the disabled stakeholders of New Horizon and hence differs from the majority of social research in that interpretations and analyses arise from the knowing subjects of research as opposed to the more traditional non-disabled academic research community.
Researcher subjectivity in social entrepreneurship ethnographies
Authors: Houtbeckers Eeva
Published: March 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss researcher subjectivity in social entrepreneurship ethnographies. Previous research has highlighted a need for alternatives to the heroic representations of social entrepreneurship. Ethnographic methods have been mentioned as a relevant direction to create such emerging understandings.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper shows what followed from a decision of a researcher to do an ethnography of a co-working cooperative established for social innovation. Based on the notion of “working the hyphens” in previous research, further developed by other scholars as “working within hyphen-spaces”, the position of the researcher shifted during the research process between a distant outsider and an engaged insider. In addition, a new hyphen-space of hopefulness – hopelessness emerged based on fieldwork.

Findings

The shifting positions are manifested in the entanglement of stories of the researcher and the people met during the fieldwork in the hyphen-spaces of insiderness – outsiderness, engagement – distance and hopefulness – hopelessness. The stories reveal how for some the co-working space was a place for hope while for others it caused distress and even burnout.

Practical/implications

The ethnographic understanding of social enterprises go beyond heroic representations, which affects how the phenomenon is represented in academic and public discussions.

Social/implications

This study concludes that despite its failure in the form of a bankruptcy, the co-working cooperative succeeded in enabling “social innovation” in the form of hope and personal development – also for the researcher.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the social entrepreneurship literature in showing how ethnographic fieldwork and acknowledging researcher subjectivity bring up alternative representations of social entrepreneurship. The entangled stories of participants and researchers can be a powerful way to reveal situated understandings.
From cooperative practice to research and back
Authors: Langmead Kiri
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how experiences and emotions arising from the performance of ethnography shape the construction of knowledge about democratic practice in two social enterprises. It argues that ethnographers can develop a more nuanced understanding of organisational practices by moving beyond the self-reflexive work of being aware of one’s position to embrace the emotional work of engaging reflexively with this position, re-embedding reflexive moments in the process of knowledge construction.

Design/methodology/approach

Reflections are made on the emotions and experiences arising during a 12-month ethnographic study in two social enterprises.

Findings

The author found that engaging reflexively with relational and emotional processes of meaning-making opened up three analytical starting points. First it highlighted and helped the researcher to see beyond the limits of their assumptions, opening them to new understandings of democracy. Second, it gave rise to empathetic resonance through which the researcher was able to feel into the practice of democracy and re-frame it as a site of ongoing struggle. Finally, it brought to consciousness tacit ways of knowing and being central to both research and democratic praxis.

Originality/value

The paper adds to limited literature on processes of knowledge construction. Specifically, it contributes new insights into how emotional experiences and empathetic resonance arising at the meeting point of research performance and democratic praxis can offer analytical starting points for a more nuanced understanding of democratic organising in social enterprise.
Minutes, meetings, and ‘modes of existence’: navigating the bureaucratic process of urban regeneration in East London
Authors: Evans Gillian
Published: March 2017

Inspired by Latour's aim to restore balance to the anthropological project by exoticizing the artefacts and procedures of so‐called ‘modern knowledge’, this essay gives an ethnographic description of emergent processes of knowledge production in the context of the planning and development of urban regeneration in London. Bureaucratic meetings are described as part of the organizational infrastructure that enables the crafting of new urban futures, and it is argued that, because the making of reality is always seen to be forward moving, there is a need, as in navigation, to plot a course. The essay focuses on the subversive potential of informal meetings, and argues, more generally, that meetings are the materially social, and affectively technical, manoeuvres that make possible direction‐finding and contestation about the way forward.
Why and how to compare deliberative systems
Authors: BOSWELL JOHN , CORBETT JACK
Published: March 2017

The systemic turn in deliberative democratic theory presents empirical researchers in this field with a problem. Deliberative systems are complex, porous and shifting in nature. These features cannot be adequately assessed by existing tools for measuring deliberative and democratic qualities. Such qualities only become apparent when set against practices in other systems. Meaningful analysis rests on comparison. However, in turning to the comparative politics literature for inspiration, we caution that the two dominant traditions in this subfield – rigidly systematic comparison or thickly descriptive area studies – are of only limited utility. On the one hand, rigid comparative analysis will map uncomfortably on the systemic account. On the other, there is a need to move beyond idiographic accounts produced in thick descriptions. Instead, this article emphasises the value of two alternative traditions in comparative political analysis. The first is through the use of ‘family resemblances’ in comparative research design. The second is through post hoc comparisons that draw together eclectic affinities between systems. Both approaches are sensitive to the contextual complexities of deliberative systems in practice. Both can tell us a great deal about why and how deliberative practices and institutions emerge, flourish or fail, and how they enable, enhance or undermine the democratic and deliberative qualities of the system overall. This article draws on promising examples of these two approaches to emphasise their value in understanding deliberative systems in practice.
Immunology proves a great success for treating systemic autoimmune diseases – a perspective on immunopharmacology: IUPHAR Review 23
Authors: Ishii Masaru
Published: March 2017

Recent advances in the bioengineering of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the treatment of several immunological and rheumatic diseases. mAbs exhibit high specificity and affinity, and are very effective targeting agents, associated with minimal off‐target adverse effects. Of several relevant immunological diseases, rheumatoid arthritis was the condition initially treated with mAbs, with great success. Currently, many immunological disorders are targeted and successfully treated using such novel approaches; these include inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, lupus and psoriasis. Today, the efforts of researchers in basic immunology (with a long history) have borne fruit; bioengineered mAbs are employed in clinical practice. In this brief review, I will describe the current and emerging therapeutic mAbs and molecular targeted agents, and discuss the future of the field, especially from the viewpoint of pharmacology.
IgY: a key isotype in antibody evolution
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Calvert Rosaleen A. , Sutton Brian J. , Doré Katy A.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is central to our understanding of immunoglobulin evolution. It has links to antibodies from the ancestral IgM to the mucosal IgX and IgA, as well as to mammalian serum IgG and IgE. IgY is found in amphibians, birds and reptiles, and as their most abundant serum antibody, is orthologous to mammalian IgG. However, IgY has the same domain architecture as IgM and IgE, lacking a hinge region and comprising four heavy‐chain constant domains. The relationship between IgY and the mucosal antibodies IgX and IgA is discussed herein, in particular the question of how IgA could have contributed to the emergence of IgY. Although IgY does not contain a hinge region, amphibian IgF and duck‐billed platypus IgY/O, which are closely related to IgY, do contain this region, as does mammalian IgG, IgA and IgD. A hinge region must therefore have evolved at least three times independently by convergent evolution. In the absence of three‐dimensional structural information for the complete Fc fragment of chicken IgY (IgY‐Fc), it remains to be discovered whether IgY displays the same conformational properties as IgM and IgE, which exhibit substantial flexibility in their Fc regions. IgY has three characterised Fc receptors, chicken Ig‐like receptor AB1 (CHIR‐AB1), the chicken yolk sac IgY receptor (FcRY) and Gallus gallus Fc receptor (ggFcR). These receptors bind to IgY at sites that are structurally homologous to mammalian counterparts; IgA/FcαRI for CHIR‐AB1, IgG/FcRn for FcRY and IgE/FcϵRI and IgG/FcγR for ggFcR. These resemblances reflect the close evolutionary relationships between IgY and IgA, IgG and IgE. However, the evolutionary distance between birds and mammals allows for the ready generation of IgY antibodies to conserved mammalian proteins for medical and biotechnological applications. Furthermore, the lack of reactivity of IgY with mammalian Fc receptors, and the fact that large quantities of IgY can be made quickly and cheaply in chicken eggs, offers important advantages and considerable potential for IgY in research, diagnostics and therapeutics.
Clinical development of anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy for B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Makita Shinichi , Yoshimura Kiyoshi , Tobinai Kensei
Published: March 2017

B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL) is the most frequent hematological malignancy. Although refined chemotherapy regimens and several new therapeutics including rituximab, a chimeric anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody, have improved its prognosis in recent decades, there are still a substantial number of patients with chemorefractory B‐NHL. Anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy is expected to be an effective adoptive cell treatment and has the potential to overcome the chemorefractoriness of B‐cell leukemia and lymphoma. Recently, several clinical trials have shown remarkable efficacy of anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy, not only in B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia but also in B‐NHL. Nonetheless, there are several challenges to overcome before introduction into clinical practice, such as: (i) further refinement of the manufacturing process, (ii) further improvement of efficacy, (iii) finding the optimal infusion cell dose, (iv) optimization of lymphocyte‐depleting chemotherapy, (v) identification of the best CAR structure, and (vi) optimization of toxicity management including cytokine release syndrome, neurologic toxicity, and on‐target off‐tumor toxicity. Several ways to solve these problems are currently under study. In this review, we describe the updated clinical data regarding anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cell therapy, with a focus on B‐NHL, and discuss the clinical implications and perspectives of CAR T‐cell therapy.
China's Foreign Trade: A “New Normal”
Authors: Lemoine Francoise , Unal Deniz
Published: March 2017

Since the global financial crisis of 2007/2008, China's foreign trade has continued to grow faster than international trade, but its drivers are now different from those prevailing before. The participation of the Chinese economy in the global production chains through processing activities is no longer the main driver of its trade performance. The new driving force of change is ordinary trade, based mainly on local inputs and domestic demand. China, which played a major role in the globalization process as an export base for multinational companies, is now shifting to having a “normal” foreign trade system, which is more closely integrated into the domestic economy.
Anti‐dumping Shock and the Productivity Response of Chinese Industries
Authors: Li Chunding
Published: March 2017

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the productivity effects of antidumping (AD) measures on Chinese industries. Industry‐year panel data and generalized method of moments estimators are used in the empirical analysis. Productivity indicators are calculated using data envelope analysis. The empirical results show that China's industrial total factor productivity has improved under the pressure of AD measures taken by developed countries, and the mechanism inspires technological progress but hurts technological efficiency. Developing countries' AD measures have no significant productivity effects on China's targeted industries, except for slightly positive effects on technological efficiency. These results indicate that China should pay more attention to technological innovation and take different counter‐measures for different cases of AD measures.
Single transphyseal screws for the correction of moderate to severe angular limb deformities in 28 Thoroughbred foals
Authors: Gray A. , Randleff‐Rasmussen P. , Lepage O. M.
Published: March 2017

This study reports on the effective use of a single transphyseal screw for the treatment of moderate to severe angular limb deformities (ALDs) of the fetlocks and carpi of 28 young Thoroughbred foals. The objective was to evaluate the surgical management of foals with moderate to severe ALDs treated with single transphyseal screws. Evaluation of medical records of 28 Thoroughbred foals treated with single transphyseal screws placed across the distal radial, metacarpal and metatarsal physes was undertaken. The angle of joint deviation was measured prior to implantation and at removal of the implants, and the degree of improvement was calculated. A total of 39 screws were placed: 24 in the distal metacarpus or metatarsus and 15 in the distal radial physis. Varus or valgus deformities in the fetlock improved by 4–5° over a period of 15–30 days. Varus or valgus deformities in the carpi improved by 8–11° in 11–56 days. One case failed to improve adequately due to implant infection. Single transphyseal screws were effective in treating moderate to severe varus and valgus ALD of the fetlocks and carpi in young Thoroughbred foals. Further investigation into their use in the distal radius in young foals is needed. While single transphyseal screws are almost exclusively used by some clinics in the distal metatarsal and metacarpal physes, many clinicians do not use them in the distal radial physis of young foals due to fear of over‐correction, physitis and metaphyseal collapse. This was not observed in any of our cases.
Prospective Pilot Study of the Mastering Each New Direction Psychosocial Family Systems Program for Pediatric Chronic Illness
Authors: Distelberg Brian , Tapanes Daniel , Emerson Natacha D. , Brown Whitney N. , Vaswani Deepti , Williams‐Reade Jackie , Anspikian Ara M. , Montgomery Susanne
Published: March 2017

Psychosocial interventions for pediatric chronic illness (CI) have been shown to support health management. Interventions that include a family systems approach offer potentially stronger and more sustainable improvements. This study explores the biopsychosocial benefits of a novel family systems psychosocial intervention (MEND: Mastering Each New Direction). Forty‐five families participated in a 21‐session intensive outpatient family systems‐based program for pediatric CI. Within this single arm design, families were measured on five domains of Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQL) self‐report measures; Stress, Cognitive Functioning, Mental Health, Child HRQL, Family Functioning. Both survey and biological measures (stress: catecholamine) were used in the study. Results from multivariate general linear models showed positive pre‐, post‐, and 3‐month posteffects in all five domains. The program effects ranged from small to moderate (η2 = .07–.64). The largest program effects were seen in the domains of cognitive functioning (η2 = .64) and stress (η2 = .27). Also, between disease groups, differences are noted and future implications for research and clinical practice are discussed. Conclusions suggest that the MEND program may be useful in helping families manage pediatric chronic illnesses. Study results also add to the growing body of literature suggesting that psychosocial interventions for pediatric chronic illness benefit from a family systems level of intervention.
Factors linked to disease severity and time to remission in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Sánchez‐Borges M. , Caballero‐Fonseca F. , Capriles‐Hulett A. , González‐Aveledo L. , Maurer M.
Published: March 2017

Biomarkers useful for the evaluation and management of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are not currently available. A review of various clinical and laboratory markers that have been studied to assess their value for determining the severity or predicting the evolution of disease in adult patients with CSU was carried out. A search of the medical literature on PubMed and MEDLINE including the terms urticaria, chronic urticaria, chronic idiopathic urticaria, CSU, severity, prognosis and treatment was performed. Based on our review of the literature, among the clinical markers studied, higher age at onset, being female, long disease duration and aspirin/NSAID hypersensitivity may be linked to both severe CSU and a long time to spontaneous remission. In addition, a positive autologous serum skin test (ASST) may be associated with severe CSU, and comorbidity of inducible urticaria and concomitant recurrent angio‐oedema may be linked to longer CSU duration. Potential biomarkers of CSU severity and/or duration include basophil numbers and susceptibility to activation, inflammatory markers, markers of activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, immunoglobulin E and vitamin D. Although the described markers are promising, further studies on representative and well‐characterized patient populations are needed to determine the value of these clinical and biological markers for predicting the severity and course of disease in patients with CSU.
Content aggregation by platforms: The case of the news media
Authors: Chiou Lesley , Tucker Catherine
Published: March 2017

The digitization of content has led to the emergence of platforms that draw information from multiple sources. This paper investigates whether aggregation of content by a single platform encourages users to “skim” content or to investigate it in depth. We study a contract dispute that led a major aggregator to remove information from a major content provider. After the removal, users were less likely to investigate additional, related content in depth, particularly sources that were horizontally or vertically differentiated.
Arsenic trioxide combined with transarterial chemoembolization for primary liver cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Lv Xiu‐He , Wang Chun‐Hui , Xie Yan
Published: March 2017

Background and Aim

The benefit of combination therapy of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is debated. This meta‐analysis was conducted to determine whether As2O3&TACE therapy achieves better therapeutic effects compared with TACE alone for primary liver cancer.

Methods

A systematic search of both English and Chinese databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials. The main outcomes were therapeutic responses, survival rates, improvement in quality of life, and adverse events. All data analyses in this study were carried out using Review Manager software and STATA software.

Results

Eighteen randomized controlled trials involving 1412 participants were included. The pooled objective response rate was significantly higher in the As2O3&TACE group compared with the TACE group (relative risk [RR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–1.58, P < 0.0001), and the pooled clinical benefit rate was also significantly higher (RR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08–1.29, P = 0.0002). A higher pooled result was obtained from the combination group for 1‐year survival rate (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.23–1.53, P < 0.00001). As2O3&TACE therapy was not superior to TACE alone for improvement in quality of life (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98–1.36, P = 0.09). There was no significant difference in the risk of adverse effects. When a subgroup analysis was performed, both administration methods of As2O3 (intravenous or arterial) were effective for all evaluating indicators except the improvement in quality of life.

Conclusions

Adjuvant As2O3 therapy combined with TACE achieves better therapeutic effects compared with TACE alone. Both the intravenous administration of As2O3 and the arterial administration of As2O3 were good options for clinical practice.
Women's Access to Property: A Comparative Study on Islamic and Kemalist Women in Turkey
Authors: O'Neil Mary Lou , Toktas Sule
Published: March 2017

This article uses a comparative approach to discuss women's access to property using evidence collected from field research conducted on two distinct communities of Istanbul: one secular and one Islamic. The two groups of women possess distinctly different views of the world and how it is organized. This is particularly the case concerning gender where secular women put forth a view rooted in the sameness of the genders where the Islamic women were clear in their commitment to the idea of difference. These attitudes toward the equality and difference of the genders structures the relations of these women to property and the process of inheritance.
Erythrocyte osmotic fragility and general health status of adolescent Sprague Dawley rats supplemented with Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous calyx extracts as neonates followed by a high‐fructose diet post‐weaning
Authors: Ibrahim K. G. , Lembede B. W. , Chivandi E. , Erlwanger K.
Published: March 2017

High‐fructose diets (HFD) can cause oxidative damage to tissues including erythrocyte cell membranes. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) has protective antioxidant properties. Rats were used to investigate whether the consumption of HS by neonates would result in long‐term effects on their erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) and general health when later fed a high‐fructose diet post‐weaning through adolescence. Eighty of four‐day‐old Sprague Dawley rat pups were divided randomly into three treatment groups. The controls (n = 27) received distilled water at 10 ml/kg b. w, while the other groups received either 50 mg/kg (n = 28) or 500 mg/kg (n = 25) of an HS aqueous calyx extract orally till post‐natal day 14. The rats in each group were weaned and divided into two subgroups; one continued on normal rat chow, and the other received fructose (20% w/v) in their drinking water for 30 days. Blood was collected in heparinised tubes and added to serially diluted (0.0–0.85%) phosphate‐buffered saline to determine the EOF. Clinical markers of health status were determined with an automated chemical analyser. HS extracts did not programme metabolism in the growing rats to alter their general health and EOF in response to the HFD.
The case of self‐resolving type III achalasia after bilateral lung transplant
Authors: Aggarwal P. , Bansal V. , Aggarwal N. , Arora Z. , Murthy S. , Gabbard S.
Published: March 2017

Background

Post‐surgical achalasia has been previously described in large case series but there are limited data on the natural progression of the disease process. In general, achalasia is considered an “incurable” disease as per published guidelines. We present here, the first report of a patient with post‐surgical achalasia which resolved spontaneously.

Methods

This is a retrospective chart review.

Key Results

A 60‐year‐old male presented for dysphagia 3 months status post‐bilateral lung transplant and was diagnosed with achalasia following positive manometry. Absent any treatment, his repeat manometry showed complete, spontaneous resolution of the achalasia 2 years following lung transplant.

Conclusions & Inferences

To our knowledge, this is the first such case of spontaneously resolving achalasia following bilateral lung transplant. This case warrants further study in to the natural progression of post‐surgical achalasia.
The American Friends Service Committee's Mission to the Gestapo
Authors: Aiken Guy
Published: March 2017

The Night of Broken Glass (November 9–10, 1938) and its aftermath prompted the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), a Quaker organization, to send a three‐man delegation to Berlin in December 1938 to intercede with the Nazi government on behalf of Germany's Jews. The delegation quickly learned from German Jewish leaders that emigration was more urgent than relief. It met with two of Reinhard Heydrich's lieutenants at the Gestapo on December 19 and proposed that the AFSC assume control of Jewish and non‐Aryan emigration: The AFSC over the next three years would relieve Germany of every Jew who was fit to leave. Heydrich appeared to agree to the Quakers’ proposal. The leader of the AFSC's delegation, the pre‐eminent American Quaker, Rufus Jones, thought the Quaker message of love and goodwill had momentarily triumphed over the Nazis’ hate. But evidence surrounding Adolf Eichmann's visit to the Gestapo a month later suggests otherwise. (The author wishes to thank the attendees of the 2015 conference of the Peace History Society for their invaluable feedback on his presentation of an earlier version of this article.)
On the Front Lines in “The Army of Peace”: The Life and Witness of Ben Salmon to a Church and a World at War
Authors: Baxter Michael
Published: March 2017

Ben Salmon was one of the four Catholic conscientious objectors during World War I. This article tells the story of his early commitment to justice for workers, his refusal to comply with conscription, and his arrest and incarceration in military prisons (part 1); contrasts Ben Salmon's story with the typical Catholic support for the war (part 2); presents an exposition of his thought on the basis of a lengthy statement of conscience that he wrote just before his release from military custody in November 1920 (part 3); and then reflects on the significance of his witness and words for inaugurating a counter‐tradition of a radical pacifism stance that has been taken up by later figures, such as Dorothy Day, Gordon Zahn, and Daniel Berrigan (part 4).
The Changing Landscape of Peace Research: Geographic, Archival, and Digital Spaces
Authors: Rose Shelley E.
Published: March 2017

This article focuses on the changing nature of the spaces, historical sources, and products of peace research. Specifically, the article explores the future of peace research after the transnational, digital, and biographical turns. It addresses the changing formats of sources generated by activists, as well as the challenges of digitizing and disseminating these sources. Finally, the article calls for increased attention to the use of digital humanities methods, particularly geographic information systems (GIS) techniques, in peace research.