bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consulta livre, prévia e informada? Sobre os processos de participação de comunidades quilombolas em licenciamentos ambientais no Brasil
Authors: D'Almeida Sabrina Soares
Published: August 2020

A partir de duas situações etnográficas, este artigo procura descrever a maneira pela qual vem se dando o exercício do direito à consulta de comunidades quilombolas em processos de licenciamento ambiental de empreendimentos com potencial de degradação socioambiental. O referido direito se encontra assegurado tanto em normativas nacionais quanto internacionais e, apesar de ser uma conquista fundamental destes grupos, as ações no plano jurídico-legal nem sempre são suficientes para garantir sua efetivação plena. Pretende-se problematizar a relação entre o plano normativo e o das interações sociais – ou seja, lugar onde se dá sua aplicabilidade –, apontando para a desarticulação que se observou entre eles, bem como chamar a atenção para o papel que mediadores e apoiadores que atuam em prol dos direitos quilombolas desempenham na formulação de demandas que serão endereçadas por estes grupos ao Estado e ao empreendedor.
The dynamic impact of international agricultural commodity price fluctuation on Chinese agricultural commodity prices
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Yongfu
Published: August 2020

The correlation between Chinese and international commodity prices may be nonlinear because of China’s minimum agricultural commodity purchase price policy and temporary storage policy. In order to research this nonlinear dynamic correlation mechanism, we construct a nonlinear Granger causality test model and a nonlinear autoregressive distribution lag model including Chinese and international agricultural commodity (soybean, corn, rice, and wheat) price variables. Our empirical results reveal that a unidirectional causal relation exists between international and Chinese prices for soybeans and corn; specifically, international prices of soybeans and corn Granger-cause Chinese prices of soybeans and corn. Moreover, the pass-through effects between Chinese and international commodity prices are asymmetric; Chinese agricultural commodity prices respond more strongly to positive shocks than negative shocks of international agricultural commodity prices.
Automatic identification of power quality events using a machine learning approach
Authors: Valencia Duque Andrés Felipe , Álvarez Meza Andrés Marino , Orozco Gutiérrez Álvaro Ángel
Published: August 2020

Actualmente, los eventos de calidad de potencia (PQ) se han estudiado dado su importancia para las industrias, en cuanto a la eficiencia y la vida útil de los elementos conectados a los sistemas eléctricos. Si las perturbaciones relacionadas con los eventos de PQ se clasifican (identifican) rápidamente y con una precisión confiable, los costos y las pérdidas generadas se reducirían. En este trabajo presentamos un enfoque basado en aprendizaje de máquina para la identificación automática de eventos PQ. Nuestra propuesta comprende las siguientes etapas: empleamos un espacio de representación de características basado en parámetros de tiempo y frecuencia. Además, utilizamos una técnica de análisis de relevancia supervisada, llamada Relieff, para resaltar la capacidad discriminante de las características consideradas. Luego, evaluamos el éxito de la clasificación de eventos PQ con diferentes clasificadores agregando diferentes niveles de ruido bajo un esquema de validación cruzada de 10 particiones. En este sentido, se genera una base de datos sintética basada en el estándar IEEE 1159, considerando 3000 señales y diez clases (300 muestras por clase). Los resultados obtenidos muestran un rendimiento de clasificación adecuado con clasificadores simples, cuadrático y k-NN, en comparación con las metodologías más avanzadas del estado del arte.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS INFORMAÇÕES NAS ROTULAGENS DE PRODUTOS SANEANTES DOMISSANITÁRIOS
Authors: Vieira Ricardson Borges , Diniz Raimundo Lopes
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo avaliou as rotulagens de produtos saneantes comercializados na cidade de São Luís, Maranhão, através das normas ABNT 14725-3 (2012), resoluções da Agência Brasileira de Vigilância Sanitária – ANVISA e variáveis de Wogalter et al. (2002), verificando a ausência ou presença dessas informações por categoria de produto. O resultado mostrou que a maioria dos problemas é relacionado a não presença das informações de consequências da exposição ao perigo; não é observado o uso de pictogramas de perigo nas rotulagens de produtos de risco I; o número emergência é ausente em um grande número de embalagens, e que os produtos de risco 1, da categoria sabão e lava roupas, foram os que apresentaram mais problemas.
The Attenuating Effect of Intelligent Agents and Agent Autonomy on Managers' Ability to Diffuse Responsibility for and Engage in Earnings Management
Authors: Kipp Peter C. , Curtis Mary B. , Li Ziyin
Published: August 2020

SYNOPSIS

Advances in IT suggest that computerized intelligent agents (IAs) may soon occupy many roles that presently employ human agents. A significant concern is the ethical conduct of those who use IAs, including their possible utilization by managers to engage in earnings management. We investigate how financial reporting decisions are affected when they are supported by the work of an IA versus a human agent, with varying autonomy. In an experiment with experienced managers, we vary agent type (human versus IA) and autonomy (more versus less), finding that managers engage in less aggressive financial reporting decisions with IAs than with human agents, and engage in less aggressive reporting decisions with less autonomous agents than with more autonomous agents. Managers' perception of control over their agent and ability to diffuse their own responsibility for financial reporting decisions explain the effect of agent type and autonomy on managers' financial reporting decisions.
The Effects of Tax Avoidance News on Employee Perceptions of Managers and Firms: Evidence from Glassdoor.com Ratings
Authors: Lee Yoojin , Ng Shaphan , Shevlin Terry , Venkat Aruhn
Published: August 2020

We examine whether employee perceptions of managers and firms fall following tax avoidance news. Using S&P 500 firms and generalized difference-in-differences specifications, we find that tax avoidance news negatively affects employee perceptions of managers and firms. In cross-sectional tests, we find that (1) firms and managers in consumer-facing industries suffer larger employee-related perception changes from tax avoidance news compared to other firms, and (2) well-performing firms and their managers face smaller perception changes than other firms and managers. Overall, our results are consistent with tax avoidance news negatively affecting employee perceptions of managers and firms.
SISTEM INFORMASI PRESENSI KARYAWAN
Authors: Novita Rice , Hardi Fachrozi Ramadhan
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK Absensi kehadiran pegawai merupakan faktor penting bagi sebuah instansi atau perusahaan untukmencapai tujuan, hal ini berkaitan pada kedisiplinan dan berdampak pada kinerja dari masing-masing pegawai.Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya pendataan khusus untuk mencatat absensi kehadiran dan ketidak hadiran agaraktifitas kerja dapat tercatat secara realtime dan baik. Banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencapai sisteminformasi absensi yang baik, salah satunya menggunakan teknologi komputer dimana penerapannya denganaplikasi absensi berbasis website. Pada PT. Swadaya Absi Manunggal-Jereh consortium sistem yang digunakandalam proses absensi masih manual menggunakan buku absensi harian yang berdampak pada efisiensi danefektifitas pendataan, pencarian data sekaligus perhitungan rekap data yang membutuhkan waktu yang relatiflama. Disamping itu resiko kesalahan dan kehilangan data absensi semakin besar. Berdasarkan permasalahandiatas dibuatlah Sistem Informasi Absensi Karyawan Pada PT.Swadaya Abdi Manunggal-Jereh consortium.Metode penelitian merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yang meliputi: metodeobservasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Sedangkan pengembangan perangkat lunak menggunakan waterfallyang meliputi : analisa kebutuhan, desain, pengkodean, pengujian dan implementasi. Dengan dihasilkannyasistem absensi karyawan berbasis web dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam proses absensi, pencarian data danperhitungan rekap absensi, serta meminimalisir kehilangan dan kesalahan pencatatan data absensi pada PT.Swadaya Abdi Manunggal-Jereh consortium.
Descending aortopulmonary vein fistula: an unusual cause of recurrent hemoptysis in a young female: a case report
Authors: Mrigpuri Parul , Menon Balakrishnan , Spalgais Sonam , Gupta Amitesh
Published: August 2020

Background:

Hemoptysis is an alarming symptom. Its etiology may vary from mild infections to malignancies. Pulmonary infections are a common cause of hemoptysis in young adults. However, vascular malformations are also enlisted among the sources of hemoptysis.

Case Presentation:

A 33-year-old female presented to the institute with hemoptysis. The etiology of hemoptysis was ascertained to be an anomalous vascular connection between the descending aorta and inferior pulmonary vein draining into the left atrium.

Conclusion:

Descending aortopulmonary fistula (DAPVF) is a rare congenital vascular malformation representing a left-to-left shunt, and cardiac failure is a presenting feature as described in some reported cases in children. DAPVF may present as hemoptysis in adults.
Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for the management of distal ureteric giant calculi in the endourology era – case report & Brief review of literature
Authors: Singh Iqbal , Aravind T. K. , Behera Dibya Priyadarsini , Panesar Natasha
Published: August 2020

Background:

The novel concept of endourology was first introduced to the world in 1978 by three legendary doctors Elwin Fraley, Arthur Smith, and Paul Lange. Fast forward 40 years, endourology today mostly rules the overall management of the majority of urinary tract calculi with some rare exceptions. Large, giant, massive distal-impacted ureteric calculi seem to be one such subset of exceptional situation, where laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (LUL) may have an edge over endourological manipulation. Even though LUL is a well-recognized option, the usage of the same is declining ever since the advent of endourology and its advances. This article brings to light the importance of the role and relevance of LUL versus endourology for the management of select large, giant ureteric stones and aims to bring to light certain inherent combined advantages of LUL versus endourology, such as effectiveness, short learning curve, single-staged nature of procedure, and being minimally invasive.

Case Presentation:

A 30-years-old female presented to our clinic with complaints of right flank pain and recurrent episodes of Urinary tract infection for the past 4 months. Clinical evaluations/investigations revealed a large distal ureteric calculus with a poorly functioning right kidney without any underlying anatomic/metabolic abnormality. The patient underwent LUL with a modified three-port technique and a large stone of 3.5 × 2 cm was retrieved uneventfully with the placement of a Double J stent.

Conclusion:

LUL is the preferred therapeutic surgical management modality of choice for select uncomplicated giant/large ureteric calculi, as it is coupled with the dual advantage of being minimally invasive and is accompanied by complete clearance with minimal morbidity thereby acting as a bridge to combine the positives of both endourological and open procedures. We encourage researchers to consider LUL in the minimally invasive management of select large impacted distal ureteric calculi in the otherwise anatomically normal renal units.
An Ontology of Software: Series, Structure and Function
Authors: Maldonado Serrano Jorge Francisco , Rodríguez Ramírez Dairon Alfonso , Caceres Paul B. , Petit Suárez Johann Farith
Published: August 2020

This article proposes a guideline to develop an ontology of software. The first section gives a brief introduction to the importance of such ontology as a possible conceptual grounding for the philosophy of software, philosophy of computing and philosophy of information. The second section presents the background of the scope of this article in terms of both a symbolic and materialistic approach to software. The third section deploys the basic guidelines with the expositions of the two dimensions of software: the serial dimension and the structural dimension. The first dimension consists of three series, while the second in the exposition of the structure of any program. The fourth and last section will deal with a better understanding of what we can call the digital universe.
La dialéctica de la totalidad y la mereo-topología de la teoría de conjuntos. Roy Alfaro Vargas
Authors: Montero Adrián
Published: August 2020

Este artículo estudia la estructura lógico-matemática ligada a la mereo-topología de la teoría de conjuntos (MTTC), en cuanto esta estructura es el núcleo gnoseológico del neoliberalismo. En este contexto, analizamos los componentes lógico-matemáticos de tal estructura, a saber, la mereología, la topología y la teoría de conjuntos en oposición a la noción dialéctica de totalidad, como un medio para superar las consecuencias políticas y gnoseológicas derivadas de la asunción de tal aparato lógico-matemático. Asimismo, establecemos una relación entre la MTTC y la fenomenología, lo cual permite analizar algunas inconsistencias relacionadas no solo con la estructura lógico-matemática de la MTTC, sino también con la implementación de la intencionalidad fenomenológica y la subsecuente ley eidética de dependencia.
Heidegger en acción. Aproximaciones a la perspectiva práctica del pensamiento en dos tramos de su obra
Authors: Butierrez Luis Fernando
Published: August 2020

En este trabajo nos proponemos indagar en la modalidad práctica del pensamiento de Heidegger a partir de sus consideraciones en torno a la praxis y la acción, en trabajos fundamentales de la época de Sein und Zeit en comparación con elaboraciones de su período posterior a la Kehre. En este marco, buscaremos demostrar cierta continuidad entre ambos períodos a partir de sus consideraciones ontológicas de la praxis, lo cual permite interpretar el carácter correlativo del pensar y la acción. Para dar cuenta de ello, en primer lugar, abordaremos su respectiva interpretación de la tradición aristotélica en paralelo con las elaboraciones de la analítica en 1927. En segundo lugar, analizaremos un conjunto de consideraciones prácticas del pensar en trabajos posteriores a 1930.De esta manera, esperamos especificar la modalidad práctica del pensamiento de Heidegger, tanto en sus elaboraciones como en su propia articulación.
Reyes Mate, M. (2018). El tiempo, tribunal de la historia. Madrid, España: Trotta.
Authors: Ortega Narváez Onasis Rafael
Published: August 2020

La pregunta sobre qué significa pensar el pasado o qué hacer con el pasado de sufrimiento e injusticia, nos interpela en tiempos de víctimas, memoria y transiciones. En El tiempo, tribunal de la historia, Reyes Mate propone que el tiempo tiene la clave para construir un nuevo pensamiento que se haga cargo del sufrimiento y lo ponga en el orden del día.
Karbowski, J. (2019). Aristotle’s Method in Ethics: Philosophy in Practice. Cambridge, Inglaterra: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/9781108303644
Authors: Berrón Manuel , Kogel Matías Ezequiel
Published: August 2020

En la presente reseña realizamos una breve presentación de la estructura del texto. Luego presentamos una descripción de los contenidos dividiendo el trabajo en tres partes: (i) primero tenemos en cuenta la introducción y luego (ii) los contenidos desarrollados en la primera y (iii) segunda parte de la obra, incluida la conclusión.
El barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao (Carmenta theobromae, Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) en el valle de Zarumilla, Tumbes, Perú
Authors: Morán-Rosillo José Luis , Castillo-Carrillo Pedro Saúl
Published: August 2020

Desde el 2009 se ha evidenciado en las plantaciones de cacao del valle de Zarumilla (Tumbes, Perú), la presencia de un insecto plaga de especie aún no identificada, cuyas larvas perforan los tallos y frutos del cacao, y afectan su valor comercial por la invasión de microorganismos patógenos secundarios. Este trabajo de investigación que se realizó de marzo a agosto del 2014 tuvo como objetivos identificar y describir morfológicamente al barrenador del fruto y tallo del cacao, no reportado para las condiciones de este valle. Las recolectas se realizaron en campos cacaoteros del valle de Zarumilla y la crianza de los estados inmaduros, en el laboratorio de Entomología de la Universidad Nacional de Tumbes. Los resultados permitieron determinar que la especie cuya larva perfora los tallos y frutos del cacao es Carmenta theobromae. Se describen las principales características morfológicas de esta especie, referente a los estados de huevo, larva, pupa y adulto de ambos sexos. Además, del material biológico recolectado en campo durante el muestreo, se identificaron dos parasitoides a nivel de familia, un díptero Tachinidae recuperado de larvas y un himenóptero Chalcididae a partir de pupas. Se concluye que la especie que barrena los frutos de cacao en las plantaciones del valle de Zarumilla es C. theobromae. El presente estudio servirá de base para realizar futuras investigaciones de la biología y comportamiento en relación con los factores ambientales y determinar si esta especie tiene preferencia por determinados clones de cacao sembrados en la zona.
OS ATAQUES À EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NA ATUALIDADE
Authors: Anjos Nivia Barreto dos
Published: August 2020

Este artigo retrata os ataques que a Educação Profissional enfrenta na atualidade. Seu objetivo geral é demonstrar que a Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, por protagonizar um projeto político pedagógico inovador, incomoda certos atores da hegemonia capitalista e por isso é alvo de ataques nos tempos atuais. Indica que a Rede IF aponta para o desenvolvimento da ciência, da educação, da cultura e do pensamento crítico; sinaliza a intenção do neoliberalismo em “colocar em xeque” a existência e a funcionalidade dos Institutos Federais como espaços de produção e socialização do conhecimento. Reafirma a Política de Educação Profissional como um direito social que precisa ser fortalecido para enfrentar os ditames e a brutalidade do capital, direito este fruto de muitas lutas sociais, e que hoje incomoda aos detentores do capital, por sinalizar uma cidadania crítica e uma educação socialmente referenciada.
ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA, ATIVISMO SOCIOPOLÍTICO E DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Gaiger Luiz Inácio
Published: August 2020

O artigo examina a contribuição da Economia Solidária para os processos democráticos no Brasil, a partir da sua presença e atuação em movimentos e organizações de caráter social e político, tal como se encontram registradas nas bases de dados do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre a Economia Solidária no Brasil. Após caracterizar o escopo temático e o grau de disseminação dessas formas de atuação, avalia sua convergência com questões de interesse coletivo e com procedimentos de caráter democrático. Discute também as relações entre os níveis de ativismo sociopolítico e as formas de gestão participativa adotada internamente pelos empreendimentos de economia solidária. Por fim, analisa os traços distintivos da liderança e seu possível distanciamento daqueles indivíduos cuja associação constitui a base dos empreendimentos. Ao tratar do ativismo sociopolítico de setores das classes populares, concluindo positivamente a respeito, o artigo tem como pano de fundo a questão democrática, o fato de que os cidadãos brasileiros permanecem profundamente desiguais do ponto de vista dos seus recursos econômicos, da discriminação imposta por padrões culturais ainda vigentes e da sua vulnerabilidade a círculos de dependência e subordinação política.
Abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica da sífilis gestacional e congênita: revisão narrativa
Authors: Campos Crislene de Oliveira , Campos Crislane  Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Descrever as manifestações clínica, etiologia e transmissão da sífilis gestacional e congênita, bem como os critérios para o diagnóstico e recomendações terapêuticas. Revisão bibliográfica: A sífilis quando adquirida durante a gestação pode levar ao abortamento espontâneo, morte fetal ou neonatal, prematuridade e graves danos à saúde do concepto, como o comprometimento oftalmológico, auditivo e neurológico. O risco de transmissão vertical depende do estágio da infecção materna e da idade gestacional em que ocorre a exposição fetal, sendo de 70 a 100% a taxa de transmissão vertical observada em gestantes com sífilis recente e de 30 a 40% nos casos de sífilis tardia. O diagnóstico da sífilis, na ausência de manifestações clínicas, é feito por exames sorológicos. Para confirmar a quantidade de gestantes que apresentem o exame sorológico específico para a sífilis positivo, existem o VDRL, bem como o FTA/ ABS e teste rápido. Quando adquirida durante a gestação, a sífilis pode levar ao abortamento espontâneo, morte fetal ou neonatal, prematuridade e graves danos à saúde do concepto, como o comprometimento oftalmológico, auditivo e neurológico. Considerações finais: Percebe-se que a captação precoce e a adesão da gestante ao pré-natal, assim como uma assistência de qualidade, dão oportunidade à gestante de receber informações e orientações que lhe permitam prevenir uma gravidez não planejada e proteger-se de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Systematic Analysis of Porosities in Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Trepte Kai , Schwalbe Sebastian
Published: August 2020

Accurate numerical calculations of porosities and related properties are of importance when analyzing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

We present porE, an open-source, general-purpose implementation to compute such properties and discuss all results regarding their sensitivity to numerical parameters.

Our code combines the numerical efficiency of Fortran with a user-friendly Python interface.

Two different approaches to calculate porosities are implemented in porE, and

their advantages and drawbacks are discussed.

In addition to this functionality, porE can calculate pore size distributions and offers the possibility to analyze pore windows.

The underlying approaches are outlined. Pore windows are discussed concerning their impact on the analyzed porosities.

Comparisons with experimental values aim for a clear differentiation

between void and accessible porosities, which we provide.

This work highlights that the calculated quantities are sensitive to the choice of numerical parameters and that a careful

evaluation of convergence is essential.
Deciding Between One-Step and Two-Step Irreversible Inhibition Mechanisms on the Basis of “Kobs” Data: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Kuzmic Petr
Published: August 2020

Covalent (irreversible) enzyme inhibitors are an important group of actual or potential therapeutics. For example, Aspirin is an irreversible inhibitor of the cyclooxygenase enzyme. Evaluating covalent inhibitors in the drug discovery is exceptionally challenging, because their overall inhibitory potency consists of two separate but intertwined contributions: (1) initial binding affinity and (2) chemical reactivity. It is especially difficult to reliably asses the kinetic mechanism of inhibition. This paper describes an objective statistical approach that can be used to decide between two alternate kinetic mechanisms of covalent enzyme inhibition, from kinetic experiments based on the standard "kobs" method [Copeland (2013) "Evaluation of Enzyme Inhibitors in Drug Discovery", section 9.1]. The two alternatives are either a two-step kinetic mechanism, which involves a reversibly formed noncovalent intermediate, or a one-step kinetic mechanism, proceeding in a single bimolecular step. The proposed statistical toolkit uses four independent methods to arrive at a reliable mechanistic conclusion. The results are illustrated by using recently published experimental data on the inhibition of two different protein kinases by the experimental drugs ibrutinib (PCI-32765) and acalabrutinib [Hopper et al. (2020) J. Pharm. Exp. Therap. 372, 331–338].
Results of the IEA Bioenergy Round Robin on the Analysis of Heteroatoms in Biomass Liquefaction Oils
Authors: Bulsink Philip , de Miguel Mercader Ferran , Sandström Linda , van de Beld Bert , Preto Fernando , Zacher Alan , Oasmaa Anja , Dahmen Nicolaus , Funke Axel , Bronson Benjamin
Published: August 2020

A round robin study evaluating the analysis of biomass liquefaction oils (BLOs) from fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was performed, involving fifteen laboratories in seven countries in order to assess the current status of analytical techniques for the determination of nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine content in BLOs and evaluate potential differences in origin (i.e. fast pyrolysis vs HTL). The BLOs were produced from a range of feedstocks including pine, mixed softwoods, forest residues, micro-algae, miscanthus, and wheat straw to cover a variety in nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine content and speciation. Nine samples were distributed, comprised of eight separate BLOs and one blind duplicate produced by five producers. The samples were analyzed for water, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine content. No analytical test method was mandated; laboratories were encouraged to utilize whichever method they determined would be most applicable, relying on the existing body of BLO literature as a guide. The results of this round robin study are presented in this paper. The results of the carbon, hydrogen, and water measurements as reference analyses had relative standard deviations (2.9%, 3.5, and 5.6%, respectively) that were comparable to those found in past round robin studies on fast pyrolysis bio-oil. The analysis of nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine showed higher levels of variability. Laboratories mostly chose the same method for water, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen determination whereas there were a variety of methods chosen for sulfur and chlorine determination. The results suggest that specific analytical methods for the determination of nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine should be further refined to ensure reproducible and accurate results for BLO analysis due to their importance on emissions, material selection, and catalyst activity.
Reversible Switching Between Positive and Negative Thermal Expansion in a Metal-Organic Framework DUT-49
Authors: Garai Bikash , Bon Volodymyr , Efimova Anastasia A. , Gerlach Martin , Senkovska Irena , Kaskel Stefan
Published: August 2020

Three-dimensional architectures constructed via coordination of metal ions to organic linkers (broadly termed as metal-organic frameworks, MOFs), are highly interesting for many demanding applications such as gas adsorption, molecular separation, heterogeneous catalysis, molecular sensing etc. Being constructed from heterogeneous components, such framework solids show characteristic features from both of the individual components as well as framework-specific features. One such interesting physicochemical property is thermal expansion, which arises from thermal vibration from the organic linker and metal ions. Herein, we show a very unique example of thermal responsiveness for DUT-49 framework, a MOF well-known for its distinctive negative gas adsorption (NGA) property. In the guest-free form, the framework shows another counter-intuitive phenomenon of negative thermal expansion (NTE), i.e. lattice size increase with decrease of temperature. However, in the solvated state, it shows both NTE and positive thermal expansion (i.e. lattice size decreases with lowering of temperature, PTE) based on a specific temperature range. When the solvent exists in liquid form inside the MOF pore, it retains the pristine NTE nature of the bare framework. But freezing of the solvent inside the pores induces a strain, which causes a structural transformation through in-plane bending of the linker and this squeezes the framework by ~10 % of the unit cell volume. This effect has been verified using 3 different solvents where the structural contraction occurs immediately at the freezing point of individual solvent. Furthermore, studies on a series of DUT-49(M) frameworks with varying metal confirm the general applicability of this mechanism.
A C^N Cycloplatinated(II) Fluorido Complex: Photophysical Studies and Csp3‒F Bond Formation
Authors: Hu Jiyun , Nikravesh Mahshid , Shahsavari Hamid R. , Aghakhanpour Reza Babadi , Rheingold Arnold L. , Alshami Mia , Sakamaki Yoshie , Beyzavi Hassan
Published: August 2020

This work reports the synthesis and characterization of a new C^N-based cycloplatinated(II) fluorido complex [Pt(ppy)PPh3)F] involving a Pt‒F bond. The new complex is highly luminescent in green area with a high quantum yield of 94.6% at 77K. A comparison study of the heavier of halogen derivatives reveals a descending emission quantum yield order of F > Cl > Br > I. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations ascribe the decreased emission efficiency to the decreasing trend of ILCT transition from F to I, which accounts for the major radiative pathway.
Prediction of the Osmotic/activity Coefficients of Alkali Hydroxide Electrolytes
Authors: Duignan Timothy , Zhao Xiu Song
Published: August 2020

The osmotic/activity coefficients are one of the most fundamental and important properties of electrolyte solutions. There is currently no reliable means of predicting them from first principles without relying on extensive fitting to experimental measure- ments. The alkali hydroxide aqueous electrolytes are a particularly important class of solutions due to the crucial role they play in a vast range of applications. Here, for the first time we predict the osmotic/activity coefficients of these solutions without any fitting using a previously developed continuum solvent model of ion–ion interactions with no modifications. The feasibility of making these predictions with first princi- ples molecular simulation is also assessed. This demonstrates the reliability of this continuum solvent model and provides a plausible pathway to the fast and accurate prediction of these important properties for a wide range of electrolyte solutions.
On the Thermodynamic Control of Ring Opening of 4-Substituted 1,3,3-Tris-Carbethoxycyclobutene and the Role of the C-3 Substituent in Masking the Kinetic Torquoselectivity
Authors: Yadav Veejendra , Prasad Dasari L V K , Yadav Arpita , Rao Maddali L N
Published: August 2020

The predominant transformations of 4-methyl- and 4-phenyl-1,3,3-tris-carbethoxycyclobutenes to s-trans-trans-1,1,3-tris-carbethoxy-4-methyl- and 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienes, respectively, proceed through a pathway entailing heterolytic cleavage of sC3C4 bond rather than the usual four-electron conrotatory ring opening. The adventitious or in situ generated halogen acid catalyzes the reaction by either protonation of one of the two ester groups on C3 and, thus, weakening sC3C4 bond to allow its heterolytic cleavage and formation of a stable cation or protonation followed by halide ion attack in SN2 manner on the methyl/phenyl-bearing carbon. Reorganization of the cation species formed in the former event and elimination of the elements of halogen acid from the halo-species formed in the latter event generate the observed product. The nucleophilic attack of DMSO to bring about heterolytic SN2 cleavage of sC3C4 bond is also discussed.
Effect of Covid-19 lockdown in trauma cases of Rural India
Authors: Antariksh Waghmare  , Sandeep Shrivastava  , Swapnil Date
Published: August 2020

Covid-19 has shocked the world and forced almost all the countries to a dumbfounded state. This virus has minimised the movement of humans, showing changes like never seen before. Positive effects have already been seen in nature and wildlife in the form of pollution control. The adverse effects of lockdown are seen as economic collapse. In this study, all the trauma patients coming to Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha were included irrespective of their age and mode of trauma. Period of two weeks before and two weeks after the initiation of lockdown in India from 23rd march 2020 have been taken into consideration. Both the outpatient and emergency patients were included in our study. We have observed a significant fall on overall trauma cases as expected due to the lockdown. There was a fall in the total number of cases by around three times. Our study showed that the demography of geriatric trauma, which remained almost the same and nearly all of them were old age females. Low-velocity trauma has shown an increase after lockdown from 42% to 64%, while the total numbers of cases are still less as compared to before the lockdown. High-velocity trauma cases have been reduced from 52% to 31% after lockdown, which indicates less road traffic-related injuries. During the lockdown, however, we have seen a significant fall in head neck and face trauma when compared to the upper limb and lower limb trauma.
Exploiting somatic piRNAs in Bemisia tabaci enables novel gene silencing through RNA feeding
Authors: Mondal Mosharrof , Brown Judith K , Flynt Alex
Published: August 2020

RNAi promises to reshape pest control by being nontoxic, biodegradable, and species specific. However, due to the plastic nature of RNAi, there is a significant variability in responses. In this study, we investigate small RNA pathways and processing of ingested RNAi trigger molecules in a hemipteran plant pest, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. Unlike Drosophila, where the paradigm for insect RNAi technology was established, whitefly has abundant somatic piwi-associated RNAs (piRNAs). Long regarded as germline restricted, piRNAs are common in the soma of many invertebrates. We sought to exploit this for a novel gene silencing approach. The main principle of piRNA biogenesis is the recruitment of target RNA fragments into the pathway. As such, we designed synthetic RNAs to possess complementarity to the loci we annotated. Following feeding of these exogenous piRNA triggers knockdown as effective as conventional siRNA-only approaches was observed. These results demonstrate a new approach for RNAi technology that could be applicable to dsRNA-recalcitrant pest species and could be fundamental to realizing insecticidal RNAi against pests.
Feedback provided by clinical teachers during undergraduate medical training: A Sri Lankan experience
Authors: Marambe Kosala N. , Edussuriya Deepthi H. , Jayawickrama Dharshana
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Feedback reinforces good practice, identifies deficiencies and directs the learner to narrow the gap between actual and desired performance thus, playing a crucial role in the development of competence in medical training. However, feedback if not carefully handled can result in de-motivation and deterioration in performance.
It is believed that culture plays an important role in the way behaviours are valued and tolerated in educational settings.
Aim: To explore perceptions of Sri Lankan medical graduands on feedback received from teachers during clinical training.
Method: The study was conducted on a single intake of medical graduates after release of final MBBS results, ensured maximum variation sampling by including students from high, average and low performance categories. Participation was voluntary. Interviews were conducted using a short interview guide, transcribed and themes identified.
Results: 21 interviews were conducted. There were eight, six and seven volunteers from the high performing, average and poorly performing groups respectively. 63% were male.
Positive experiences encompassed; trainer taking a balanced approach to feedback by acknowledging good practices while indicating negative aspects, providing an emotionally supportive environment, clear articulation, offering focused learner support and motivating the learners through encouraging words and support to realize their potential. Negative experiences encompassed fault finding, biased nature and indiscreet behaviour of the trainers.
Conclusion: Sri Lankan medical graduands have experienced desirable and undesirable teacher behaviours during feedback episodes. Accurate conceptualization of ‘feedback process’ among clinical teachers and proactive measures to enhance the skills of teachers on giving feedback is needed.
Simultaneous direct ex vitro rooting and adaptation of the blue honeysuckle micro-sprouts (Lonicera Caerulea L. var. Kamtschatica)
Authors: Kolbanova E. V.
Published: August 2020

Direct rooting of regenerative plants under ex vitro conditions is of great importance in agricultural biotechnology, as it leads to acceleration of micropropagation process by eliminating the stage of in vitro rooting and reduces the costs for obtaining healthy planting material of fruit and small-fruit crops. Possibility of direct ex vitro rooting and adaptation of blue honeysuckle microshoots at one stage with no stage of in vitro rooting has been determined. For ex vitro rooting and adaptation of honeysuckle microshoots, it is required to use non-sterile substrate: Sphagnum L. moss with a surface layer of peat (0.5 cm). The rate of rooted microshoots on this substrate makes 72-84 % during summer-autumn period and not less than 60 % during winter period. Thermal treatment of the peat surface layer and the use of aqueous IBA solutions at ex vitro rooting stage will be economically justified during propagation of individual varieties characterized by low proliferation activity in in vitro culture or low ex vitro rhizogenic activity, as well as breeding novelties requiring rapid propagation and obtaining of large amount of planting material. Thermal treatment of the peat surface layer allows increasing the rate of rooted microshoots of Volkhov variety by 10.7 %, Krupnoplodnaya variety by 13.2 %, Pavlovskaya variety by 3.8 % when rooting during spring period. Use of aqueous solutions of IBA increases the rate of rooted plants by 6.2-6.7 % in Vostorg and Krupnoplodnaya varieties when rooting during summer period. Carrying out of one cutting of ex vitro rooted microshoots and further cuttings of obtained material can be used to increase the yield of planting material of blue honeysuckle varieties. Ex vitro rooting and adaptation of blue honeysuckle microshoots at one stage with further ex vitro cutting increases production profitability by 3.5 and 12.9 times in comparison with conventional method of clonal micropropagation of blue honeysuckle.
DYNAMICS OF MAIN INDICATORS OF THE CANADIAN BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Korol Maryna
Published: August 2020

Relevance of research. During the global financial collapse of 2008–2009, Canadian banks demonstrated stability and vastly avoided the international crisis. There was a view that Canada’s banking system was strict and overly risk-oriented, but after the crisis, it was recognized as logical in terms of lending, which required careful government supervision and regulation based on the principles of security and reliability. In fact, the World Economic Forum recognizes Canadian banks as the most stable in the world. So, all mentioned above prompted us to study the dynamics of the main indicators of the Canadian banking system. The aim of the study is to summarize and characterize the existing trends of banking system evolution in Canada. Methodological basis of the study is based on the analysis of the study of the Canadian banking system according to the indicators of the number of banking institutions, their profitability / loss, the quality of the loan portfolio and analysis of the largest banks in the country. A systemic analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the above-mentioned banking indicators, synthesis and generalization were used to generalize and formulate conclusions. Scientific results. This article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the main indicators of the Canadian banking system during the period from 2000 to 2019 inclusively. It is argued that the number of commercial banks has had a positive dynamics during the analyzed period, even the period of the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 has not reduced their number, which indicates the stability and prudent policy of commercial banks and the Central Bank as a whole. It has been established that 2019 is the year of the historical maximum assets of the Canadian banking system (more than 277% of Canada’s GDP). It is shown that the assets of eight largest banks in Canada account for 91% of the total assets of the banking sector. A record decline in the bank’s profits was recorded in 2009. The quality of the loan portfolio of commercial banks in Canada since 2009 shows a significant decrease in the share of outstanding loans. The practical significance of the study is to rate the strengths and weaknesses of the Canadian banking system. Significance / originality. The results achieved form an integrated view of the functioning of the Canadian banking system. The following studies will focus on methods and models for verifying the stability of banking systems, including the Canadian banking system.
Intraperitoneal Alfaxalone and Alfaxalone–Dexmedetomidine Anesthesia in Sprague–Dawley Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: West Sylvia E , Lee Jonathan C , Johns Tinika N , Nunamaker Elizabeth A
Published: August 2020

Due to their unpredictability and variable effects, injectable anesthetic regimens in laboratory rodent species warrant refinement. In our study we sought to evaluate alfaxalone, which has gained recent popularity in veterinary medicine, alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine
to evaluate their anesthetic ability in Sprague–Dawley rats when administered intraperitoneally. Three doses of alfaxalone only and 4 dose combinations of alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine were tested in males and female rats. The time to induction, anesthetic duration, pulse rate, respiratory
rate, temperature, and time to recovery were recorded by a blind observer. The level of anesthesia induced by the various anesthetic protocols was assessed by using pedal withdrawal reflex to a noxious stimulus and scored according to the response. Dependent on the treatment group, atipamezole
or saline was administered intraperitoneally once animals reached 60 min of anesthesia. Regardless of the dose, alfaxalone alone achieved only a sedative level of anesthesia, whereas all alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine combinations led to a surgical level of anesthesia in all animals. Anesthesia
regimens using alfaxalone alone and in combination with dexmedetomidine demonstrated sex-associated differences, with female rats maintaining longer durations of sedation or anesthesia than their male counterparts. Both male and female rats displayed decreases in physiologic parameters consistent
with the effects of dexmedetomidine. Given the results described herein, we recommend 20 mg/kg alfaxalone for sedation and 30 mg/kg alfaxalone combined with 0.05 mg/kg dexmedetomidine for surgical anesthesia in female rats. Appropriate doses of alfaxalone only and alfaxalone-dexmedetomidine
for male rats were not determined in this study and need further evaluation.
Muhammad Iqbal – Reconstructing Islam along Occidental Lines of Thought
Authors: Popp Stephan
Published: August 2020

The philosopher Muhammad Iqbal is officially seen as the inventor of the idea of Pakistan and is considered to be the national poet of the country. Indeed, he is one of the most important Islamic modernists, a source of inspiration for enlightened Islam today, and one of the great philosophers of life in the first half of the 20th century. This article explains the main concepts of philosophy: “self”, “love”, “intuition”, his philosophy of time, his concept of Islam, and his critique of the West. It then traces the influences on his thought from Islamic thinkers, from the Western philosophers Fichte, Kant, Nietzsche, and Bergson, and the Influence of the Indian society he was living in. Iqbal claimed that all his ideas derived from his thorough reading of the Quran. However, the questions that shaped his answers were very much in the form of the European philosophy of the time, and in that of the discourses of his society too.
Swami Vivekananda.Reform Hinduism, Nationalism and Scientistic Yoga
Authors: Baier Karl
Published: August 2020

This article deals with Narendranath Datta (1863–1902) more known under his monastic name Swami Vivekananda. Vivekananda was a representative of the Bengal renaissance, a movement that is famous for its contribution to the modernization of India. Vivekananda became one of the architects of neo-Hinduism and a pioneer of modern yoga. His ideas also contributed to the rising Hindu nationalism. The article outlines his biography and religious socialization. A closer look will be given to his concept of religion and the way he relates it with India`s national identity. A second major part of the article examines Vivekananda’s understanding of religious experience that is crucial for his yoga philosophy and his philosophy of religion in general.
The Borders of Borders
Authors: Appel Kurt
Published: August 2020

This article examines the significance of public space for the European project and reflects on the contribution of Christianity to the shaping of today’s public space. It is characterized by a common and shared symbolic, social, cultural, economic, political and geographical sphere that is potentially accessible and open to all people and welcomes creative participation. Today the specific task of Christianity consists not at least in the concretization of the idea of universal friendship in view of an ethos of empathy and inclusion which is perceptive of migrants and their narratives. The development of a amicable and non-hegemonic coexistence of Christianity, Islam and the secular world in Europe poses a particular challenge. In addition, it is necessary to make one’s own traditions and potentials fruitful in such a way that also the dead, who in the secular world are largely excluded, obtain a corresponding presence in the world of the living beyond nihilistic resignation. In this context it becomes apparent that the vocation of Christianity consists in providing an exit strategy to closed social and symbolic worlds. This exit includes the subversion of boundaries. It does not create an abstract boundlessness, but sets in motion a continuous process of creative openings and shifts in which public space becomes concrete as a place of ever new approaches, exits and inclusions.
Human Dignity in an Ethical Sense: Basic Considerations
Authors: Autiero Antonio
Published: August 2020

The idea of human dignity is an ancient one. It has been the object of reflection with different approaches, during the various periods in the history of philosophical, theological, and ethical thought. This essay focuses on the most relevant approaches to the idea of human dignity in this cultural evolution, proposing a look at the ontological paradigm and its limits, the ethical paradigm and its values, and the theological paradigm and its resources. An anthropological reading concludes this essay, bringing out the relational value of the idea of human dignity. Based on this particular focus, the idea of human dignity assumes a form of critical thinking that makes us sensitive to the real inequalities between human beings and opens the possibility of ethical and political practices of recognition and emancipation.