bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus paranthracis Strain DB-4, Isolated from Nukadoko, Fermented Rice Bran for Japanese Pickles
Authors: Fukuda Daisuke , Nolasco-Hipolito Cirilo
Published: October 2021

Bacillus paranthracis
strain DB-4 was isolated from
nukadoko
in Japan. We report the draft genome sequence of this strain to provide insights into the survival mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria in fermented rice bran.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Soil-Isolated
Psychrobacillus
sp. Strain AK 1817, Capable of Biotransforming the Ergostane Triterpenoid Antcin K
Authors: Gómez-Luciano Luis B. , Wu Yu-Wei , Chiang Chien-Min , Chang Te-Sheng , Wu Jiumn-Yih , Wang Tzi-Yuan
Published: October 2021

The soil bacterium
Psychrobacillus
sp. strain AK 1817 was isolated from a tropical soil sample collected in Taiwan. Strain AK 1817 biotransforms the ergostane triterpenoid antcin K from the fungus
Antrodia cinnamomea
. The genome was sequenced using the PacBio RS II platform and consists of one chromosome of 4,096,020 bp, comprising 3,907 protein-coding genes, 75 tRNAs, 30 rRNAs, 5 noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), and 100 pseudogenes.
Fecal Transplantation from db/db Mice Treated with Sodium Butyrate Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Injury
Authors: Wang Huidi , Song Wei , Wu Qiheng , Gao Xuxuan , Li Jie , Tan Chuhong , Zhou Hongwei , Zhu Jiajia , He Yan , Yin Jia
Published: October 2021

Ischemic stroke is a major global health burden, and T2D is a well-known comorbidity that aggravates brain injury after ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism by which T2D exacerbates stroke injury has not been completely elucidated.
Influenza A H1N1 Induced Disturbance of the Respiratory and Fecal Microbiome of German Landrace Pigs – a Multi-Omics Characterization
Authors: Gierse Laurin Christopher , Meene Alexander , Schultz Daniel , Schwaiger Theresa , Schröder Charlotte , Mücke Pierre , Zühlke Daniela , Hinzke Tjorven , Wang Haitao , Methling Karen , Kreikemeyer Bernd , Bernhardt Jörg , Becher Dörte , Mettenleiter Thomas C. , Lalk Michael , Urich Tim , Riedel Katharina
Published: October 2021

Here, we used swine as a biomedical model to elucidate the impact of influenza A H1N1 infection on structure and function of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract microbiome by employing a multi-omics analytical approach. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the temporal development of the porcine microbiome and to provide insights into the functional capacity of the gastrointestinal microbiome during influenza A virus infection.
Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Genetic Markers for Antimicrobial Resistance in Mycoplasma bovis
Authors: Bokma Jade , Vereecke Nick , Nauwynck Hans , Haesebrouck Freddy , Theuns Sebastiaan , Pardon Bart , Boyen Filip
Published: October 2021

Mycoplasma bovis
is a leading cause of pneumonia but also causes other clinical signs in cattle. Since no effective vaccine is available, current
M. bovis
outbreak treatment relies primarily on the use of antimicrobials.
Similar Methanogenic Shift but Divergent Syntrophic Partners in Anaerobic Digesters Exposed to Direct versus Successive Ammonium Additions
Authors: Hardy Julie , Bonin Patricia , Lazuka Adele , Gonidec Estelle , Guasco Sophie , Valette Corinne , Lacroix Sébastien , Cabrol Léa
Published: October 2021

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an attractive biotechnological process for wastewater bioremediation and bioenergy production in the form of methane-rich biogas. However, AD can be inhibited by ammonium generated by protein-rich effluent, commonly found in agro-industrial activities.
Analysis of Transcriptomic Response to SO2by Oenococcus oeni Growing in Continuous Culture
Authors: Onetto Cristobal A. , Costello Peter J. , Kolouchova Radka , Jordans Charlotte , McCarthy Jane , Schmidt Simon A.
Published: October 2021

Malolactic fermentation is an indispensable step in the elaboration of most wines and is generally performed byOenococcus oeni, a Gram-positive heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium species. WhileO. oeniis tolerant to many of the wine stresses, including low pH and high ethanol concentrations, it has high sensitivity to SO2, an antiseptic and antioxidant compound regularly used in winemaking.
CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Mutagenesis Corroborates the Role of Transportin-SR2 in HIV-1 Nuclear Import
Authors: Janssens Julie , Blokken Jolien , Lampi Yulia , De Wit Flore , Zurnic Bonisch Irena , Nombela Ivan , Van de Velde Paulien , Van Remoortel Barbara , Gijsbers Rik , Christ Frauke , Debyser Zeger
Published: October 2021

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) effectively controls HIV-1 by reducing viral loads, but it does not cure the infection. Lifelong treatment with cART is a prerequisite for sustained viral suppression.
The Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate and Butyrate Augment Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Virulence but Repress Inflammation in a Human Intestinal Enteroid Model of Infection
Authors: Pace Fernanda , Rudolph Sara E. , Chen Ying , Bao Bin , Kaplan David L. , Watnick Paula I.
Published: October 2021

The human terminal ileum and colon are colonized by a community of microbes known as the microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) excreted by bacterial members of the microbiota define the intestinal environment.
In Vitro
Activity of Omadacycline and Five Comparators against Contemporary Ribotypes of Clostridioides difficile in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Camporeale Angela , Tellapragada Chaitanya , Kornijenko Jelena , Nord Carl Erik , Giske Christian G.
Published: October 2021

Evaluating the activity of novel antimicrobials like omadacycline is of great interest, as a reliable and efficient antimicrobial treatment for
Clostridioides difficile
infections is in demand.
Impact of COVID-19 on the practice of breast pathologists: a survey of breast pathologists in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Elghobashy Mirna , Wahab Lutful , Gunavardhan Anu , O’Sullivan Emma , Provenzano Elena , Deb Rahul , Pritchard Susan , Di Palma Silvana , Ellis Ian O , Boyd Clinton , Pinder Sarah E , Shaaban Abeer M
Published: October 2021

Aims

There is little information on the impact of COVID-19 on breast pathologists. This survey assessed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK and Ireland-based breast pathologists to optimise working environments and ensure preparedness for potential future pandemics.

Methods

A 35-question survey during the first wave of COVID-19 infections in the UK including questions on workload, working practices, professional development, training, health and safety and well-being was distributed to consultant breast pathologists and responses collected anonymously.

Results

There were 135 responses from breast pathologists based in the UK and Ireland. Most participants (75.6%) stated that their workload had decreased and their productivity dropped. 86/135 (63.7%) were given the option of working from home and 36% of those who did reported improved efficiency. Multidisciplinary team meetings largely moved to virtual platforms (77.8%) with fewer members present (41.5%). Online education, including webinars and courses, was utilised by 92.6%. 16.3% of pathologists reported shortages of masks, visors or gowns as the the most common health and safety concern. COVID-19 had a significant negative impact on the physical and mental health of 33.3% of respondents. A small number of pathologists (10.4%) were redeployed and/or retrained.

Conclusion

The UK and Ireland breast pathologists adapted to the rapid change and maintained service delivery despite the significant impact of the pandemic on their working practices and mental health. It is important to apply flexible working patterns and environments that improve productivity and well-being. The changes suggested should be considered for long-term shaping of breast pathology services.
Three for me and none for you? An ethical argument for delaying COVID-19 boosters
Authors: Jecker Nancy S , Lederman Zohar
Published: October 2021

This paper argues in support of the WHO’s proposal to forego COVID-19 booster shots until 10% of people in every country are fully vaccinated. The Ethical Argument section shows that we save the most lives and ensure the least amount of suffering by allocating doses first to unvaccinated people. It also argues that there is a duty to support decent lives and to promote health equity, which establish that refraining from boosters is a requirement of justice, not charity. The Replies to Objections section answers objections that appeal to pragmatism, nationalism, ownership, scientific advancement, self-interest, semantics and futility. The Conclusion section emphasizes that for now, wealthy nations should not boost vaccinated people’s immunity and should instead send doses to poorer nations where they are most urgently needed.
Bleeding after suction rectal biopsy with Rbi2: identification of the root cause through a multi-staged approach
Authors: Corbett Harriet J , Jeeneea Ramanand , Hennessey Iain
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Suction rectal biopsy (SRB) is a key diagnostic tool in Hirschsprung’s disease. The original Noblett device has been superseded by modern alternatives including the Rbi2 rectal biopsy gun. We describe a comparison of biopsy results from the Noblett device and the Rbi2 gun and an investigation into significant post-biopsy bleeding episodes with the latter.

Methods

A retrospective review of SRB episodes between 2006 and 2014 was undertaken to audit biopsy success rates. Significant post-procedure bleeding after SRB with the Rbi2 gun prompted further investigations.

Results

Biopsies taken with the Noblett gun were more likely to be inadequate (Noblett 82/197 (40%) vs Rbi2 77/438 (18%)). After biopsy with the Rbi2 gun, 2 infants suffered from significant bleeding requiring resuscitation, blood product support and multiple theater episodes. As there were no reported cases of bleeding with the Rbi2 gun, a report was made to the Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency who identified incorrect biopsy technique as a potential contributing factor. A questionnaire of trainees and consultants found unexpected individual variation in SRB technique, with some users applying excessive suction.

Conclusions

Significant bleeding occurred after SRB with the Rbi2 gun, excessive suction was thought to be the cause.
Irrigated crop rotation and phosphorus fertilizer-manure addition impacts on soil water repellency of a clay loam soil in southern Alberta
Authors: Miller Jim J. , Owen Mallory L. , Ellert Ben H. , Yang Xueming M. , Drury Craig F. , Chanasyk David S.
Published: October 2021

Soil water repellency (SWR) was measured for a 28 yr field study under irrigation on a clay loam Dark Brown soil in southern Alberta. The objectives were to study the effect of legume–cereal crop rotations, feedlot manure, and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application on soil hydrophobicity (SH) and soil water repellency index (RI) under irrigation. Mean SH and RI were similar (P > 0.05) for a legume–cereal and cereal rotation and were unaffected by P fertilization. However, P fertilization shifted the RI classification from slight to subcritical. In contrast, SH was significantly greater for manured than nonmanured treatments, while RI was unaffected. Soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) correlated with SH (r = 0.74), but not with RI (r = −0.17). This suggested a closer association between the quantity of SOC and quantity of hydrophobic compounds (SH method) compared with the hydrophobic coatings inhibiting infiltration of water (RI method). No significant correlation between SH and RI (r = −0.09) suggests that SH is not a good predictor of SWR using the RI method. Overall, manure application increased SH and P fertilization shifted the RI classification from slight to subcritical. In contrast, legume–cereal rotations had no influence on SH and SWR using RI method compared with continuous cereal.
Two improved Vicsek models with different coupling strengths between particles
Authors: Lu Xinbiao , Zhang Chi , Li Fang , Li Yiqin , Qin Buzhi
Published: October 2021

In the original Vicsek model, each particle needs to know its total neighbors’ direction and does not distinguish the coupling strength between them. However, it is very slow to achieve consensus when the density of particles is too high. In this paper, in order to differentiate the coupling strength according to the Euclidean distance between particles, we proposed a new rule and introduced two improved Vicsek models based on this rule. The improved model I puts the exponential symbolic coupling function into the original Vicsek model, and the improved model II puts the exponential Sigmoid coupling function into the original Vicsek model. Simulations show these two kinds of improved Vicsek models all have less convergence steps than the original Vicsek model under different system parameters. Furthermore, when the exponent increases from 1, the convergence steps could be further reduced, then gradually stay unchanged.
Interpolation Methods Applied on Biomolecules and Condensed Matter Brownian Motion
Authors: Aleksic Sanja , Markovic Bojana , Mitic Vojislav V. , Milosevic Dusan , Milosevic Mimica , Sokovic Marina , Vlahovic Branislav
Published: October 2021

Biophysical and condensed matter systems connection is of great importance nowadays due to the need for a new approach in microelectronic biodevices, biocomputers or biochips advanced development. Considering that the living and nonliving systems’ submicroparticles are identical, we can establish the biunivocally correspondent relation between these two particle systems, as a biomimetic correlation based on Brownian motion fractal nature similarities, as the integrative property. In our research, we used the experimental results of bacterial motion under the influence of energetic impulses, like music, and also some biomolecule motion data. Our goal is to define the relation between biophysical and physical particle systems, by introducing mathematical analytical forms and applying Brownian motion fractal nature characterization and fractal interpolation. This work is an advanced research in the field of new solutions for high-level microelectronic integrations, which include submicrobiosystems like part of even organic microelectronic considerations, together with some physical systems of particles in solid-state solutions as a nonorganic part. Our research is based on Brownian motion minimal joint properties within the integrated biophysical systems in the wholeness of nature.
Enhanced Face Recognition Using Adaptive Local Tri Weber Pattern with Improved Deep Learning Architecture
Authors: Jatain Rashmi , Jailia Manisha
Published: October 2021

Effective face recognition is accomplished using the extraction of features and classification. Though there are multiple techniques for face image recognition, full face recognition in real-time is quite difficult. One of the emerging and promising methods to address this challenge in face recognition is deep learning networks. The inevitable network tool associated with the face recognition method with deep learning systems is convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This research intends to develop a new method for face recognition using adaptive intelligent methods. The main phases of the proposed method are (a) data collection, (b) image pre-processing, (c) normalization, (d) pattern extraction, and (e) recognition. Initially, the images for face recognition are gathered from CPFW, Yale datasets, and the MIT-CBCL dataset. The image pre-processing is performed by the Gaussian filtering method. Further, the normalization of the image will be done, which is a process that alters the range of pixel intensities and can handle the poor contrast due to glare. Then a new descriptor called adaptive local tri Weber pattern (ALTrWP) acts as a pattern extractor. In the recognition phase, the VGG16 architecture with new chick updated-chicken swarm optimization (NSU-CSO) is used. As the modification, VGG16 architecture will be enhanced by this optimization technique. The performance of the developed method is analyzed on two standards face database. Experimental results are compared with different machine learning approaches concerned with noteworthy measures, which demonstrate the efficiency of the considered classifier.
CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF 3D-MODELING-BASED CUSTOMIZED OFF-LOADING PRESSURE-RELIEF CUSHIONS FOR SPINAL CORD INJURY
Authors: KIM JEONG-HYUN , JUNG MIN-YE , YOO EUN-YOUNG , CHO SANG-HYUN , KIM SUNG-HOON , KIM JONGBAE
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a 3D-modeling-based customized off-loading cushion to prevent pressure ulcers in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) using wheelchairs. The study included five people with SCI who use the traditionally manufactured customized off-loading cushions. As part of the test, each subject sat on three types of pressure-relief cushions, and the pressure between the seating surface and cushion was measured for 60[Formula: see text]min. The average measured pressure values were compared, and the change in pressure with time was analyzed to verify the clinical effect. The results showed that the CAD/CAM-based customized off-loading cushion exhibited a better decrease in pressure and pressure distribution effect on the ischial tuberosity and coccyx than the adjustable air cushion but did not differ much from the traditionally manufactured customized off-loading cushion. The clinical and economic effectiveness of the customized off-loading cushion based on the computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology was analyzed and tested on people with SCI. An occupational therapist evaluating the client followed by designing the customized off-loading strategy has no difference in terms of clinical effect compared to the traditional manufacturing method. However, time, effort, and cost should be considered when choosing an intervention strategy.
Phonon Coupling and Dielectric Response in 2D Semiconductor
Authors: Usman Arslan , Sattar Abdul , Latif Hamid , Imran Muhammad
Published: October 2021

The impact of phonon and their surrounding environment on exciton and its complexes were investigated in monolayer WSe2 semiconductor. Phonon up-conversion has been studied in past for conventional III–V semiconductors, but its role in two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides has rarely been explored. We investigated the photoluminescence up-conversion mechanism in WSe2 monolayer and found that a lower energy photon gain energy upto 64[Formula: see text]meV to be up-converted to emission photon at room temperature. Moreover, the phonon-exciton coupling mechanism has also been investigated and the role of dielectric screening has been explored to get complete insight of coulomb’s interaction in these electron-hole pairs. Investigations of charge carrier’s lifetime reveal that boron nitride encapsulated monolayer has shorter recombination time as low as 41 ps as compared to a bare monolayer on SiO2 substrate. These results are very promising for realizing spintronics-based application from two-dimensional layered semiconductors.
Empirical Analysis of Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation System for English to Hindi Language
Authors: Babhulgaonkar Arun , Sonavane Shefali
Published: October 2021

Hindi is the national language of India. However, most of the Government records, resolutions, news, etc. are documented in English which remote villagers may not understand. This fact motivates to develop an automatic language translation system from English to Hindi. Machine translation is the process of translating a text in one natural language into another natural language using computer system. Grammatical structure of Hindi language is very much complex than English language. The structural difference between English and Hindi language makes it difficult to achieve good quality translation results. In this paper, phrase-based statistical machine translation approach (PBSMT) is used for translation. Translation, reordering and language model are main working components of a PBSMT system. This paper evaluates the impact of various combinations of these PBSMT system parameters on automated English to Hindi language translation quality. Freely available n-gram-based BLEU metric and TER metric are used for evaluating the results.
Inflammatory Modulation of Hematopoiesis: Linking Trained Immunity and Clonal Hematopoiesis with Chronic Disorders
Authors: Chavakis Triantafyllos , Wielockx Ben , Hajishengallis George
Published: October 2021

Inflammation-adapted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) have long been appreciated as key drivers of emergency myelopoiesis, thereby enabling the bone marrow to meet the elevated demand for myeloid cell generation under various stress conditions, such as systemic infection, inflammation, or myelosuppressive insults. In recent years, HSPC adaptations were associated with potential involvement in the induction of long-lived trained immunity and the emergence of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). Whereas trained immunity has context-dependent effects, protective in infections and tumors but potentially detrimental in chronic inflammatory diseases, CHIP increases the risk for hematological neoplastic disorders and cardiometabolic pathologies. This review focuses on the inflammatory regulation of HSPCs in the aforementioned processes and discusses how modulation of HSPC function could lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
Interaction of exercise bioenergetics with pacing behavior predicts track distance running performance
Authors: Kirby Brett S. , Winn Brad J. , Wilkins Brad W. , Jones Andrew M.
Published: October 2021

We show that the interaction between exercise bioenergetics and real-time pacing strategy predicts track distance running performance. Critical speed (CS) and the finite energy expended above CS (D´) can characterize an athlete’s capabilities prior to the race start, but the pacing strategy that optimizes D´ utilization ultimately impacts whether a runner is in contention to win and whether a runner will have a fast final 400 m. Accordingly, D´ balance predicts final race finishing order.
Use Python Data Analysis to Gain Insights from Airbnb Hosts
Authors: Tian Zichun
Published: October 2021

This paper uses Python and its external data processing package to conduct an in-depth analysis machine study of Airbnb review data. Increasingly, travelers are now using Airbnb instead of staying in traditional hotels. However, in such a growing and competitive Airbnb market, many hosts may find it difficult to make their listings attractive among the many. With the development of data science, the author can now analyse large amounts of data to obtain compelling evidence that helps Airbnb hosts find certain patterns in some popular properties. By learning and emulating these patterns, many hosts may be able to increase the popularity of their properties. By using Python to analyse all data from all aspects of Airbnb listings, the author proposes to test and find correlations between certain variables and popular listings. To ensure that the results are representative and general, the author used a database containing many multidimensional details and information about Airbnb listings to date. To obtain the desired results, the author uses the Pandas, NLTK, and matplotlib packages to better process and visualize the data. Finally, the author will make some recommendations to Airbnb hosts based on the evidence generated from the data in many ways. In the future, the author will build on this to further optimize the design.
Evolution of Clinical Trials in Ovarian Cancer Management over the Past 20 Years: Never Settle Down, Always Go Beyond
Authors: De Felice Francesca , Vertechy Laura , Giudice Elena , Ergasti Raffaella , Boccia Serena , Fagotti Anna , Scambia Giovanni , Marchetti Claudia
Published: October 2021

Purpose. A practice synthesis of available evidence-based medicine data in ovarian cancer (OC), aiming to provide directions for future research. Materials and Methods. We performed a systematic review. PubMed was searched for relevant OC trials between January 2000 and December 2019. Results. Out of 865 references screened, 199 trials were found eligible for inclusion. Most trials were multicenter (83.9%). There was a trend reduction in the number of patients enrolled/per study over the years. Studies testing targeted/biological therapies dominated the second decade (60 trials in 2010–2019 versus 2 trials in 2000–2009). The proportion of trials with positive survival and clinical outcomes significantly increased from 23.8% in early 2000s to 54.1% in the last 5 years. Trials with histology/molecular biomarker criteria were more likely to meet progression-free survival endpoint than those without these selection criteria (69.2% versus 32.6%). Conclusion. This systematic review suggests a trend of increased positive studies, mainly linked to precision medicine.
Segmentation and Automatic Identification of Vasculature in Coronary Angiograms
Authors: Liu Yaofang , Wan Wenlong , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Shaoyu , Liu Yingdi , Liu Hu , Zeng Xueying , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Qing
Published: October 2021

Coronary angiography is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease, of which vessel segmentation and identification technologies are paid much attention to. However, because of the characteristics of coronary angiograms, such as the complex and variable morphology of coronary artery structure and the noise caused by various factors, there are many difficulties in these studies. To conquer these problems, we design a preprocessing scheme including block-matching and 3D filtering, unsharp masking, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization, and multiscale image enhancement to improve the quality of the image and enhance the vascular structure. To achieve vessel segmentation, we use the C-V model to extract the vascular contour. Finally, we propose an improved adaptive tracking algorithm to realize automatic identification of the vascular skeleton. According to our experiments, the vascular structures can be successfully highlighted and the background is restrained by the preprocessing scheme, the continuous contour of the vessel is extracted accurately by the C-V model, and it is verified that the proposed tracking method has higher accuracy and stronger robustness compared with the existing adaptive tracking method.
Application of Fractal Analysis in Detecting Trabecular Bone Changes in Periapical Radiograph of Patients with Periodontitis
Authors: Soltani Parisa , Sami Sajad , Yaghini Jaber , Golkar Ehsan , Riccitiello Francesco , Spagnuolo Gianrico
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Evaluation of detailed features of the supporting bone is an important step in diagnosis and treatment planning for teeth with clinical attachment loss. Fractal analysis can be used as a method for evaluating the complexity of trabecular bone structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trabecular bone changes in periapical radiographs of patients with different stages of periodontitis using fractal analysis. Methods. This comparative cross-sectional study was performed on patients with and without clinical attachment loss in mandibular first molars. Teeth with clinical attachment loss were divided into mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis groups. Digital periapical radiographs were obtained from the mandibular first molars using the same exposure parameters. DICOM file of the radiographs was exported to ImageJ software for fractal analysis. Three regions of interest (ROIs) were considered in each radiograph: two proximal ROIs mesial and distal to the mandibular first molar and one apical ROI. Fractal dimension (FD) values were calculated using the fractal box counting approach. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test, intraclass correlation coefficient, and ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results. FD values were significantly different between moderate and severe periodontitis and healthy periodontal bone (

P
<
0.05

), except for the distal ROI for moderate periodontitis cases (

P
=
0.280

). However, FD values of the supporting bone in periodontally healthy teeth and teeth with mild periodontitis did not show a statistically significant difference (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Fractal analysis is a useful tool for evaluation of bone alterations in moderate and severe periodontitis, but was not able to detect the most initial radiographic bone signs of mild periodontitis.
Peroneal Electric Transcutaneous NeuroModulation (eTNM®): A Novel Method for the Treatment of the Overactive Bladder
Authors: Krhut Jan , Peter Lukas , Rejchrt Michal , Slovak Martin , Skugarevska Barbora , Zvara Peter
Published: October 2021

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a prevalent medical problem with a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected individuals. Pharmacotherapy is considered the main treatment method, although it is discontinued in a significant proportion of patients due to inefficacy or associated side effects. If pharmacotherapy fails, patients can undergo peripheral neuromodulation of the somatic nerves of the lower limb or sacral neuromodulation; however, neither of these represents an ideal therapeutic tool. The Peroneal electric Transcutaneous NeuroModulation (Peroneal eTNM®), based on the selective stimulation of the peroneal nerve, is the new fully noninvasive neuromodulation method intended to treat OAB. The URIS® neuromodulation system, engineered to provide Peroneal eTNM®, consists of the URIS® device, URIS® active electrodes, and the biofeedback foot sensor (BFS). The unique design of the URIS® device and URIS® active electrodes allows for the use of a low voltage and current during neuromodulation, which significantly reduces the unpleasant sensations. The BFS allows for precise localization of the active electrodes and for continuous adjustment of the voltage and frequency to achieve the optimal therapeutic effect. The URIS® system adopts several principles of telemedicine, which makes it compatible with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Union (EU) regulations for home-based use. This article describes both the Peroneal eTNM® method and the URIS® neuromodulation system, including its technical specifications and data from laboratory testing. Preclinical and early clinical data demonstrate the feasibility of this new method for noninvasive OAB treatment and possible implications for clinical practice.
Design of Constructive Controller of Nonlinear System Based on Polynomial Function Growth Condition and Its Application in Deep Subsea Energy Mining and Production Control System
Authors: Guo Longchuan , Zhou Chuanping , Tian Xiaoqing , Ji Huawei , Peng Yudong
Published: October 2021

This paper mainly studies the output feedback control problem of the stochastic nonlinear system based on loose growth conditions and applies the research results to the valve control system of underwater oil and gas pipelines, which can improve the speed and stability of the equipment system. First, the concept of randomness is introduced to study the actual tracking control problem of output feedback of stochastic nonlinear systems, remove the original harsher growth conditions, make it meet the more general polynomial function growth conditions, and propose a combination of static and dynamic output feedback practices. The design of the tracking controller makes all the states of the system meet boundedness and ensures that the tracking error of the system converges to a small neighborhood of zero. Second, the system is extended to the parameter‐uncertain system, and the output feedback tracking controller with complete dynamic gain is constructed by proving the boundedness of the system state and gain. Further, the time‐delay factor is introduced, and the nonlinear term of the system satisfies the more relaxed power growth condition, combined with the inverse method to cleverly construct a set of Lyapunov functions and obtain the output controller to ensure that the system is asymptotically probabilistic in the global scope. Stability. Finally, through the ocean library in the Simulation X simulation software, the controller design results are imported into the underwater electro‐hydraulic actuator model to verify the effectiveness of the controller design.
The Antitriple Negative Breast cancer Efficacy of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn on ROS‐Induced Noncanonical Inflammasome Pyroptotic Pathway
Authors: Zhang Feng , Liu Qingqing , Ganesan Kumar , Kewu Zeng , Shen Jiangang , Gang Fang , Luo Xiaohe , Chen Jianping
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer (BCa) is the leading cause of women’s death worldwide; among them, triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most troublesome subtypes with easy recurrence and great aggressive properties. Spatholobus suberectus Dunn has been used in the clinic of Chinese society for hundreds of years. Shreds of evidence showed that Spatholobus suberectus Dunn has a favorable outcome in the management of cancer. However, the anti‐TNBC efficacy of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn percolation extract (SSP) and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Hence, the present study is aimed at evaluating the anti‐TNBC potential of SSP both in vitro and in vivo, through the cell viability, morphological analysis of MDA‐MB‐231, LDH release assay, ROS assay, and the tests of GSH aborted pyroptotic noninflammasome signaling pathway. Survival analysis using the KM Plotter and TNM plot database exhibited the inhibition of transcription levels of caspase‐4 and 9 related to low relapse‐free survival in patients with BCa. Based on the findings, SSP possesses anti‐TNBC efficacy that relies on ROS‐induced noncanonical inflammasome pyroptosis in cancer cells. In this study, our preclinical evidence is complementary to the preceding clinic of Chinese society; studies on the active principles of SPP remain underway in our laboratory.
Management and Outcome of Parathyroid Carcinoma-Induced Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Single-Centre Experience
Authors: De Pasquale Loredana , Bulfamante Antonio Mario , Felisati Giovanni , Castellani Luca , Ghilardi Giorgio , Saibene Alberto Maria
Published: October 2021

Background. Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is the rarest endocrine cancer and an infrequent cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), responsible for less than 1% of cases. Due to its rarity, treatment is challenging. Methods. A retrospective cohort study on 462 patients referred for parathyroidectomy to Thyroid and Parathyroid Unit at Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Milan, Italy, from 2011 to 2021. We identified and individually described the patients affected with PC. Then, we split all patients treated for PHPT into four groups based on the cause: PC, adenoma, atypical adenoma, and hyperplasia. Patients’ demographics, preoperative evaluation results, intraoperative findings, and outcomes for the PC group were compared with groups of PHPT due to benign causes. Results. Eight cases of PC were identified, five males and three females. Seven cases presented with symptoms of hypercalcemia and one with a neck mass. Five underwent en bloc resections and three local excisions. Histopathological features showed capsular invasion in four patients, capsular and soft tissue invasion in three patients, and vascular invasion in one case. No patients had distant metastasis. One patient was classed as high risk based on the Schulte classification system. All patients treated for PC were alive and disease-free at a mean follow-up of 38.4 months. When compared with other PHPT patients, PC patients were more frequently male and had higher preoperative blood calcium and PTH and lower phosphate levels, larger and heavier parathyroids excised, lower postoperative calcium, and a higher rate of postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Conclusion. Our study highlights some aspects valuable to suspect PC and differentiate PHPT-PC from benign causes of PHPT preoperatively. Preoperative suspicion of malignancy is essential to guarantee the best course of treatment for patients. Although limited for size and follow-up, the excellent outcome of our series seems to support the value of both surgery extension and risk class according to the Schulte classification as possible prognostic factors for recurrence.
Semianalytical Solution of Transient Heat Transfer for Laminated Structures under Time-Varying Boundary Conditions
Authors: Li Xi-Xia , Wang Li , Li Chang-Yu , Wan Yi-Yu , Qian Yu-Chen
Published: October 2021

In order to solve the transient heat transfer problem of the laminated structure, a semianalytical method based on calculus is adopted. First, the time domain is divided into tiny time segments; the analytical solution of transient heat transfer of laminated structures in the segments is derived by using the method of separation of variables. Then, the semianalytical solution of transient heat transfer in the whole time domain is obtained by circulation. The transient heat transfer of the three-layer structure is analyzed by the semianalytical solution. Three time-varying boundary conditions (a: square wave, b: triangular wave, and c: sinusoidal wave) are applied to the surface of the laminated structure. The influence of some key parameters on the temperature field of the laminated structure is analyzed. It is found that the surface temperature of the laminated structure increases fastest when heated by square wave, and the maximum temperature can reach at 377°C, the temperature rises the most slowly when heated by the triangular wave, and the maximum temperature is 347°C. The novelty of this work is that the analytical method is used to analyze the nonlinear heat transfer problem, which is different from the general numerical method, and this method can be applied to solve the heat transfer problem of general laminated structures.
B7‐H4 Expression in Precancerous Lesions of the Uterine Cervix
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Zong Liju , Zhang Hui , Xie Wei , Yang Fan , Sun Wenwen , Cui Baoxia , Zhang Youzhong
Published: October 2021

Over 10% of patients diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have no lesions detected in their cervical conization specimens. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the absence of such lesions. We particularly sought to investigate whether the expression of B7‐H4 in precancerous lesions and cancer of the uterine cervix plays a role in the presence or absence of residual lesions in conization specimens and whether this protein is associated with T cells (i.e., Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, CD4+, and CD8+) and interferon‐γ production. Of the 807 patients with CIN treated by conization, 104 (12.9%) had no lesions in their conization specimens. Seventy‐five of these patients were deemed the study group and were matched with 75 patients who did have CIN detected in their conization specimens (the control group). Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect B7‐H4, Foxp3, CD4, CD8, and interferon‐γ in the 75 pairs of specimens obtained via biopsy; 20 samples were found to have chronic cervicitis, and another 20 had squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Menopause, the absence of human papillomavirus, low‐grade histological findings, and a diagnosis of CIN1 and CIN2 on biopsy correlated with a low probability of lesions on conization specimens. B7‐H4 expression was detected in 11.1% of CIN2, 46.6% of CIN3, and 70% of cervical cancer samples, but not in tissues representing chronic cervicitis or CIN1. B7‐H4 expression was associated with the presence of lesions on conization specimens, increased regulatory T cells, decreased CD8+ T cells, and lower interferon‐γ production. These data suggest that close follow‐up and thorough reevaluation should be considered for patients diagnosed with CIN2 who are negative for B7‐H4 expression on biopsy before proceeding with cervical conization.
Improved Impossible Differentials and Zero-Correlation Linear Hulls of New Structure III
Authors: He Jun , Shen Xuan , Liu Guoqiang
Published: October 2021

Impossible differential cryptanalysis and zero-correlation linear cryptanalysis are two kinds of most effective tools for evaluating the security of block ciphers. In those attacks, the core step is to construct a distinguisher as long as possible. In this paper, we focus on the security of New Structure III, which is a kind of block cipher structure with excellent resistance against differential and linear attacks. While the best previous result can only exploit one-round linear layer P to construct impossible differential and zero-correlation linear distinguishers, we try to exploit more rounds to find longer distinguishers. Combining the Miss-in-the-Middle strategy and the characteristic matrix method proposed at EUROCRYPT 2016, we could construct 23-round impossible differentials and zero-correlation linear hulls when the linear layer P satisfies some restricted conditions. To our knowledge, both of them are 1 round longer than the best previous works concerning the two cryptanalytical methods. Furthermore, to show the effectiveness of our distinguishers, the linear layer of the round function is specified to the permutation matrix of block cipher SKINNY which was proposed at CRYPTO 2016. Our results indicate that New Structure III has weaker resistance against impossible differential and zero-correlation linear attacks, though it possesses good differential and linear properties.
COVID-19-Related Pneumonia in an Adolescent Patient with Allergic Asthma
Authors: Özdemir Öner , Nezir Engin Muhammet Mesut , Yılmaz Emine Aylin
Published: October 2021

Background. The latest coronavirus infection due to SARS-CoV-2, which started in China in December 2019, was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. All epidemiological data so far show us that SARS-CoV-2 infection is less serious in children than in adults. Allergic asthma, the most common chronic disease in children, is usually not to be related to greater risk or severity for COVID-19 in pediatric populations. Although reports/research on asthma and COVID-19 in children have thus far been comforting, when coming across an asthma patient with any lower airway infection, attention should be given to evaluate their asthma control level and the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case Report. Here, we report a rare adolescent case of COVID-19-related pneumonia development with underlying asthma. A 16-year-old male patient has been followed up by the pediatric allergy outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of asthma for the last 5 years. He was thought to have typical clinical and laboratory findings for SARS-CoV-2 infection combined with underlying pediatric (allergic) asthma. Pulmonary CT showed findings consistent with COVID-19-related pneumonia. He was discharged after 1 week when all his complaints regressed, his examination became normal, and 5-day favipiravir treatment was completed. Conclusion. When a physician comes across an asthma patient with any lower airway infection, attention should be given to evaluate their asthma control level and possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Facile Synthesis of Silica Composites with Oil Sorption Efficiency from a Vital Agricultural Waste of Corn Stalk Cultivated in Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Authors: Kamaraj M. , Kamble Sudarshan , Sonia S. V. R. K. N.
Published: October 2021

This study is attempted to extract the amorphous silica composites using the combined HNO3 leaching-calcination (600°C/6 h) method from corn stalk harvested in Bishoftu, Ethiopia, owning to its profuse dumping, less cost, and negative environmental implications. The resultant composite characteristics such as amorphous nature are connected via the grain boundary which produces an agglomerated structure that has a disordered morphology, and the presence of siloxane and silanol groups, as well as additional functional groups, is reported. The synthesized product is applied in the removal of oil from synthetic oily wastewater (SYOWW) using batch mode delivering a maximum oil removal of up to 99%. The outcome of the study features the potential acclimatization of the Ethiopian corn stalk as a substitute precursor for the production of silica composites which has a potential oil adsorption capacity that can be used for oil spill cleanup.
Application of Intelligent Monitoring of Percutaneous Partial Oxygen Pressure in Evaluating the Evolution of Scar Hyperplasia
Authors: Qi Wanle , Zhuo Mejia , Tian Yan , Dawa Zhuoma , Bao Junjie , An Yanan
Published: October 2021

The study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of percutaneous partial oxygen pressure during the development and evolution of a hypertrophic scar. Twenty cases of hypertrophic scar patients at different stages were selected. A percutaneous oxygen monitor was used to measure oxygen partial pressure in the scar and normal skin tissue at 14, 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery. The changes of oxygen partial pressure, tissue structure, HIF-1α, and VEGF expression in the scar tissue were observed, and the correlation was analyzed. In the scar maturation process, with the prolongation of time, the partial oxygen pressure in the tissue increased gradually. The expression intensity of HIF-1α and VEGF decreased gradually, HIF-1α was positively correlated with VEGF (r = 0.98,

P
<
0.01

), there was a negative correlation between oxygen partial pressure and HIF-1 α expression (r = −0.92,

P
<
0.01

), and it was negatively correlated with VEGF (r = −0.88,

P
<
0.01

). TcPO2 measurement can be used to assess scar maturity; HIF-1 α and VEGF may play an essential role in regulating partial oxygen pressure in the scar tissue.
Phase I/Ib Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Buparlisib and Ibrutinib Therapy in MCL, FL, and DLBCL with Serial Cell-Free DNA Monitoring
Authors: Stewart Caitlin M. , Michaud Laure , Whiting Karissa , Nakajima Reiko , Nichols Chelsea , De Frank Stephanie , Hamlin Paul A. , Matasar Matthew J. , Gerecitano John F. , Drullinsky Pamela , Hamilton Audrey , Straus David , Horwitz Steven M. , Kumar Anita , Moskowitz Craig H. , Moskowitz Alison , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Rademaker Jurgen , Salles Gilles , Seshan Venkatraman , Schöder Heiko , Younes Anas , Tsui Dana W.Y. , Batlevi Connie Lee
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

Activation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) represent parallel, synergistic pathways in lymphoma pathogenesis. As predominant PI3Kδ inhibition is a possible mechanism of tumor escape, we proposed a clinical trial of dual BTK and pan-PI3K inhibition.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a single-center phase I/Ib trial combining a BTK inhibitor (ibrutinib) and a pan-PI3K inhibitor (buparlisib) in 37 patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphoma. Buparlisib and ibrutinib were administered orally, once daily in 28-day cycles until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The clinical trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02756247.

Results:

Patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) receiving the combination had a 94% overall response rate (ORR) and 33-month median progression-free survival; ORR of 31% and 20% were observed in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, respectively. The maximum tolerated dose was ibrutinib 560 mg plus buparlisib 100 mg and the recommended phase II dose was ibrutinib 560 mg plus buparlisib 80 mg. The most common grade 3 adverse events were rash/pruritis/dermatitis (19%), diarrhea (11%), hyperglycemia (11%), and hypertension (11%). All grade mood disturbances ranging from anxiety, depression, to agitation were observed in 22% of patients. Results from serial monitoring of cell-free DNA samples corresponded to radiographic resolution of disease and tracked the emergence of mutations known to promote BTK inhibitor resistance.

Conclusions:

BTK and pan-PI3K inhibition in mantle cell lymphoma demonstrates a promising efficacy signal. Addition of BCL2 inhibitors to a BTK and pan-PI3K combination remain suitable for further development in mantle cell lymphoma.