bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kapcsolati normák jelenléte a magyarországi bankok és vállalatok között
Authors: Kenesei Zsófia
Published: April 2021

A tranzakciós költségek elméletének Williamson által megfogalmazott piac vs. hierarchia dichotómiája mára a tudományos világban is elfogadott harmadik lehetőséggel bővült: a kapcsolati normákon keresztüli irányítás alternatívájával. A szerző cikkében – a versenyképesség-kutatás adatbázisára támaszkodva – megvizsgálja, hogy a magyarországi kereskedelmi bankok mennyiben alkalmazzák a kapcsolati normákat a vállalati ügyfeleikkel fenntartott üzleti viszonyban, s hogy az elmúlt évek során van-e változás e kapcsolatok jellegében.
A munkaerőpiac nemi egyenlőtlenségei
Authors: Vanicsek Mária , Rigler András
Published: April 2021

A szerzők cikkükben egyetlen kérdésre, a jövedelemnek a férfiak és a nők közti egyenlőtlenségére koncentrálnak (ez ugyanis az Egyenlő Munkáért Egyenlő Bér projekt fő kérdése), és azt vizsgálják, hogy mely tényezők hogyan befolyásolják ezt a különbséget; a nők alacsonyabb jövedelme mennyiben tekinthető a nőkkel szembeni diszkrimináció következményének és mennyiben a különféle strukturális tényezők hatásának. A hálózat alapvetően az on-line adatgyűjtésre épít. A kutatás magyarországi megvalósítása során – a hazai alacsony internetpenetráció torzító hatásának kiküszöbölése, valamint az adatgyűjtés folyamatának felgyorsítása céljából – az on-line kérdőív mellett tízezer kérdőív off-line (kérdezőbiztosokkal történő) lekérdezését állították a programba. Jelen tanulmány az off-line kérdőív első hulláma 5000 fős reprezentatív mintájának elemzése.
Az egyéni teljesítményértékelési rendszer működésének tapasztalatai a magyar közigazgatásban (Operating experiences of the individual performance appraisal system in the Hungarian public sector)
Authors: Hajnal György
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány – egy 2005 végén lefolytatott, országosan reprezentatív kérdőíves felmérés empirikus bázisán – a magyar közigazgatási dolgozók körében 2002-től bevezetett egyéni teljesítményértékelési rendszert vizsgálja. A rendszer egészét tekintve a vizsgálat végkövetkeztetései nem túl rózsásak: az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a rendszer mint egész nem képes kitűzött fő célját, a munkateljesítmények javítását elérni. Az egyes részrendszerek, szervezettípusok szintjén differenciáltabb eredményeket kapunk, míg a minisztériumokban a rendszer egésze a szándékolttól alapvetően különböző célokat látszik szolgálni, addig a többi szervezettípusnál inkább „csak” a rendszer tökéletlen működéséről beszélhetünk. ____ On the basis of a questionnaire survey of a nationally representative sample of Hungarian civil servants, the study attempts to give a preliminary evaluation of the individual performance assessment system introduced in 2002 throughout the Hungarian civil service. The general conclusion of the analysis is that the performance assessment system is unlikely to reach its goals: its central element, the performance related pay incentives are overly dispersed and, on the average, insignificant in size, meanwhile the objectivity of performance assessments is also questionable. Moreover, comparative analysis of responses from different administrative branches reveals an interesting idiosyncrasy characteristic for central government ministries. Here, the main function of the incentive system seems to be ensuring the labor market competitiveness of the ministries as employers by enabling them to pay higher-than-usual salaries for employees having certain types of expertise.
„A kockázat megmarad, csak az érzet változik” – Tranzakciós és kapcsolati preferenciák a projekttípusú üzleti szolgáltatások piacán
Authors: Veres Zoltán
Published: April 2021

A kapcsolati paradigma a marketingben számos jelentésváltozáson ment át az elmúlt negyedszázadban. A kapcsolati marketing azonban lényegében kapcsolati jövedelmezőség. Ebből a nézőpontból a tranzakciós és a kapcsolati szemlélet csak egy dologban különbözik: a nézőpont időtávjában. A vállalati gyakorlatban a tranzakciós és a kapcsolati orientáció sosem különül el egymástól. Hogy melyik dominál, az partner-, ügylet-, sőt ügyleti fázisfüggő. A kutatás célja annak feltárása volt, hogy a tölcsérmodellel jellemezhető kockázati térben a projekt egyes fázisaiban hogyan alakulnak az eladó-vevő diád tranzakciós kontra kapcsolati preferenciái. A kutatás-módszertani megközelítés kvalitatív, feltáró jellegű. Az elméleti koncepció verifikálására párhuzamos szállítói és beszerzői szakértői interjúk szolgáltak. A toborzott válaszadók között a hagyományos engineering vállalatokon túl a b2b projektpiac más szereplői (reklámpiac, piackutatás vagy üzleti rendezvényszervezés) is megtalálhatók. A projektek egyedisége abban is megnyilvánul, hogy – különösen vevői oldalon – más és más kompetenciát igényelnek. A projektpiaci tranzakciós kontra kapcsolati dilemma szerint: miközben a rendszertermék egyedisége és komplexitása rendkívül fontossá tenné a kapcsolat intenzifikálását, a diszkontinuitás és részben az egyediség ennek ellentmond (lásd a D-U-C modellt). A jelenség mélyebb megértése segítheti a szállítói magatartás proaktívabbá tételét.
Vezetési kihívások a magyarországi magyar–német vállalatoknál Az IMAGINE-projekt (Investigation of Management performance in INternational Enterprises) legfontosabb eredményei
Authors: Pfohl Hans-Christian , Gaál Zoltán , Szabó Lajos , Gomm Moritz , Bode Alexander
Published: April 2021

A Pannon Egyetem Szervezési és Vezetési Tanszéke a Darmstadti Műszaki Egyetem Vállalatvezetési Tanszékével közösen több mint egy évtizede folytat a stratégiai menedzsment területén, ezen belül a vállalati és nemzeti kultúrákkal és a vállalati sikerrel kapcsolatos kutatásokat. A napjainkra befejezett IMAGINEprojekt (Investigation of Management performance in International Enterprises) a magyarországi tevékenységet folytató magyar–német transznacionális vállalatok vezetőire fókuszál. A projekt a vezetési stílust és a vezetés sikerét meghatározó tényezők elemzésével foglalkozik. Ezek az összefüggések a gyakorlat számára is hasznosítható eredményeket jelenthetnek. A szerzők összesen 86, Magyarországon működő magyar- német vállalat felső vezetője által kitöltött kérdőívet elemeztek.
Az informatika helyzete és lehetőségei a magyar nagyvállalatok marketing- és értékesítési tevékenységének támogatásában
Authors: Keszey Tamara
Published: April 2021

A marketingtevékenység informatikai támogatottsága – Magyarországon és külföldön egyaránt – elmarad a többi vállalati szakterület átlagától. Az elmúlt években azonban megváltozni látszik ez a helyzet: a CRMalkalmazások (Customer Relationship Management – ügyfélkapcsolat-kezelés), amelyek leginkább a marketingfunkcióhoz köthetők, ugyanis a vállalatirányítási szoftverek legdinamikusabban fejlődő részpiacává váltak. A szerző kutatásában áttekinti, hogy az informatika milyen szerepet kap, és milyen lehetőségeket rejt a legnagyobb árbevétellel rendelkező magyar vállalatok marketingmenedzsment munkájában. Eredményei szerint a magyar nagyvállalatok 13 százaléka használ csupán korszerű CRM-alkalmazásokat, és a menedzserek 13 százaléka véli csak úgy, hogy a piaci tájékozódásban az informatikai alkalmazásoknak kiemelt szerepük van. Ennek az is az oka lehet, hogy a megvizsgált vállalatok rendszerei nem tartalmazzák teljes körűen a klasszikus marketingmunkához szükséges információkat. Érdekes eredmény, hogy a marketingmenedzserek mégsem az IT-rendszerek adattartalma alapján alkotnak véleményt az alkalmazások hasznosságáról: akkor támaszkodnak munkájuk során a számítógépekre, ha megfelelő felhasználói képzésben részesültek és „felhasználóbarátnak” ítélik az informatikai rendszert.
Egyéni teljesítményértékelés a magyar közigazgatásban egy funkcionális elemzés
Authors: Gajduschek György
Published: April 2021

A szerző dolgozatában az egyéni teljesítményértékelést (ETÉ) és az ahhoz kapcsolódó béreltérítés funkcionális elemzését kísérelte meg elvégezni a rendelkezésre álló több kérdőíves adatfelvétel során szerzett adatok alapján. A kérdés: betölti-e funkcióját az egyéni teljesítményértékelés, azaz a kapott adatok arra utalnak-e, hogy hatékonyabb teljesítményösztönzés és motiválás valósul-e meg a közigazgatásban?
The Impact of Obesity on Periodontal Health Status in Adolescent Iraqi Students
Authors: Al-Karawi Sarah Ihsan , Mahmood Athraa Ali , Hassan Ban Karem
Published: April 2021

Objetive: The aim of this study was to estimate the effect and association of obesity on the periodontal health status of middle school students. Materials and Methods: This study included 180 secondary school students aged 12- 15 years from Baghdad City in the survey. BMIfor-age (body mass index for age) was utilized to detect overweight and obesity. Furthermore, periodontal screening records (PSR) index was performed to evaluate the oral hygiene and periodontal condition of the subjects. Chisquare tests and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analyses. Results: A highly significant association of BMI-for-age with periodontal health (codes 0, 1, 2, and 3) was observed. The association of gender and periodontal health was highly significant in code 3, significant in codes 0 and 1, and it was not significant in code 2. Additionally, the ANOVA test revealed that the effects of gender and BMI-for-age on periodontal health were significant. In contrast, the effect of the interaction between gender and BMI-for-age on periodontal health was not it was not significant. Conclusions: In adolescents, bad oral hygiene was correlated with extra body fat indicators. Therefore, oral health preventive schedules should take into consideration the relationship between periodontal condition and overweight/obesity in teenagers.
 
Keywords
Obesity; Body mass index; Periodontal disease; Oral health status.
Student Profile of a Brazilian Public Dental School
Authors: Tango Rubens Nisie , Komori Paula Carolina , Araújo Luiz  Fernando , Bardini Vivian Silveira dos Santos , Kaminagakura Estela
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the profiles of dental students at the ICT/CSJC-UNESP School of Dentistry and their preferred studying style preferences. Materials and methods: Data on age, sex, place of residence, first-choice course, secondary education background and study method preference were collected from an online questionnaire given in the second year dental materials course (first class) of the day and evening courses of the years 2016 to 2019. All data were tabulated and submitted to one-way ANOVA and to t test, both with ? = 0.05. Results: Most of the students were women living in São José dos Campos city who had chosen Dentistry as their first-choice course. Many were originally from other cities and lived in shared accommodation with friends. The majority stated that private high school was their main educational background. Conclusions: Although ICT/CSJC-UNESP students were from millennial and post-millennial generations, they preferred studying alone and in silence rather than studying in groups.
Clinical evaluation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants among 7-10 year old school children: a split mouth study design
Authors: Priyadharshini Indra , Iyer Kiran , Parangimalai Diwakar Madankumar
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The study was done to compare the effectiveness of hydrophobic and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant retention among 7-10 year old school children. Material and Methods: The present split mouth randomized trial was conducted on the occlusal surfaces of permanent first mandibular molars to compare and assess the retention along with other outcome variables like colour match, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, anatomic form, postoperative sensitivity, caries formation and surface roughness properties of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants at 3rd and 6th month. The data was compiled and analyzed using SPSS software and results were generated. Results: In the present study among the 50 restorations in the hydrophobic pit and fissure sealants (Group I), 48 (96%) restorations were retained at the end of third month and 45(90%) were retained at the end of sixth month. Among the 50 restorations in the hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants (Group II), 49(98%) restorations were retained at the end of third month, and 46(92%) at the end of sixth month were retained. There was no significant difference in the number of completely retained restorations at the end of six months (p = 1.00) among both the groups. The assessment of all the other outcome variables between both the interventions showed that the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study concluded that the hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant was similar to the hydrophobic pit and fissure sealant in terms of retention, colour match, marginal discolouration, marginal adaptation, anatomic form and surface roughness properties with.
 
Keywords
Pit and fissure sealants; Moisture tolerant; 7-10 years; School children; Mandibular teeth.
One Year Clinical Evaluation of E-max Press Crowns Retained with Fiber Reinforced Composite Post Versus E-max Press Endocrowns in Anterior Endodontically Treated Teeth (A Randomized Clinical Trial)
Authors: Abou El-Enein Yasmin Hesham , Elguindy Jylan Fouad , Zaki Amina Abd El Latif
Published: April 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction, gross fracture and marginal adaptation of e.max press endocrowns versus e.max press crowns retained with Fiber reinforced composite post (FRCP) and core in upper anterior teeth. Material and methods: The present study included 24 patients seeking root canal treatment in anterior upper arch. The patients received root canal treatment (RCT) then they were randomly assigned into two groups (n=12). The first group received preparation for the IPS e.max crowns retained with FRCP and core and the second group received preparation for the IPS e.max endocrowns. Press technique was used for the fabrication of both restorations using IPS e.max press ingots. Marginal integrity and gross fracture were evaluated using USPHS criteria and a questionnaire was conducted to evaluate patient satisfaction. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Results: There was no statistical significant difference regarding gross fracture of both groups after 12 months (p-value = 0.093, Effect size = 0.447), meanwhile; group 1 was statistically significantly higher than group 2 regarding marginal integrity (p-value = 0.037, Effect size = 0.513). Regarding patient satisfaction FRCP and core group showed statistical significant higher satisfaction than endocrown group (p-value = 0.047, Effect size = 0.447). Conclusion: E.max press endocrowns revealed successful performance similar to e.max press crowns retained with FRCP in terms of gross fracture, however better marginal adaptation and patient satisfaction was obtained with e.max press crowns retained with FRC post and core group.
 
Keywords
Anterior teeth; Endocrown; Endodontically treated teeth; Fiber Post; E.max.
Cover
Authors: Lopes da cunha Rafael
Published: April 2021

Cover image
Editorial Board
Authors: Lopes da cunha Rafael
Published: April 2021

Editorial Board

Vol. 24

Issue. 2

2021
Mitigation of Enteric Methane Emission through Feed Modification and Rumen Manipulation
Authors: Herliatika Agustin , Widiawati Yeni
Published: April 2021

The major of  gas emission in the livestock  sector are in the form of methane produced by microbial activity in the rumen. The emission of methane cause global warming and is predicted to keep increasing. Feed modification and rumen manipulation are important ways that can be used to mitigate methane emission. Based on this condition, this paper aims to describe several ways to mitigate methane emission using feed and rumen modification for smallholder farmers. Feed modification can be done using high Non-Fiber Carbohydrate (NFC) content in feed and also using balance nutrient feed. Meanwhile, rumen modification can be done through inlcusion of feed additive, microbial products, and oils. Providing feed contains high NFC as much as 21.8-53%DM would decrease methane emission by 3.03-28.33%. While providing feed contains balance nutrients would potentially decrease 21.87% of methane emission. Feed additive addition as much as 0.0011-12%DM decreased 0.59-78% of methane emission. Bacterial inclusion as much as 0.7x108 – 3,6x1011CFU decreased 0- 18.57% of methane emission. Oil or fat inclusion as much as 6%DM decreased 6.02-24.53% of methane emission. A combination of methods can be used to optimize methane mitigation and it can be applicable for farmers to raise their livestock in friendly environment.
Imaged based identification of colombian timbers using the xylotron: a proof of concept international partnership
Authors: Arévalo B. Rafael E. , Pulido R. Esperanza N. , Solórzano G. Juan F. , Soares Richard , Ruffinatto Flavio , Ravindran Prabu , Wiedenhoeft Alex C.
Published: April 2021

Field deployable computer vision wood identification systems can play a key role in combating illegal logging in the real world. This work used 764 xylarium specimens from 84 taxa to develop an image data set to train a classifier to identify 14 commercial Colombian timbers. We imaged specimens from various xylaria outside Colombia, trained and evaluated an initial identification model, then collected additional images from a Colombian xylarium (BOFw), and incorporated those images to refine and produce a final model. The specimen classification accuracy of this final model was ~ 97%, demonstrating that including local specimens can augment the accuracy and reliability of the XyloTron system. Our study demonstrates the first deployable computer vision model for wood identification in Colombia, developed on a timescale of months rather than years by leveraging international cooperation. We conclude that field testing and advanced forensic and machine learning training are the next logical steps.
Miejsce zjawiska współdzielenia w koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Hendel Marek
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu jest określenie miejsca zjawiska współdzielenia w koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju. Dotychczas podejmowane w literaturze przedmiotu próby bliższego przedstawienia zjawiska współdzielenia rzadko wiązane są ze zrównoważonym rozwojem. Zdaniem autora rozważania w tym obszarze powinny opierać się między innymi na ukształtowanej teorii ekonomii zrównoważonego rozwoju – stanowić punkt wyjścia zestawienia zjawiska współdzielenia z klasycznym ujęciem rynku i funkcjonującymi w nim pojęciami, takimi jak homo oeconomicus.
Alokacja i redystrybucja zasobów mieszkaniowych w Polsce w kontekście koncepcji sprawiedliwości społecznej (Rowlsa i Dworkina)
Authors: Nowak Karolina , Rataj Zuzanna
Published: April 2021

Artykuł koncentruje się na sprawiedliwości społecznej w kontekście lokacji i redystrybucji zasobów mieszkaniowych w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zasobów społecznych. Uwzględniono zachodzące zmiany, wpływające na zwiększenie sprawiedliwości społecznej, rozumianej zgodnie z koncepcją sprawiedliwości dystrybutywnej J. Rawlsa (1971). Celem artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy koncepcja sprawiedliwości społecznej (mającej umocowanie w Konstytucji RP) ma wpływ na realizowaną politykę mieszkaniową? Jeśli tak, to w jaki sposób realizowana jest sprawiedliwość pozioma i pionowa w obliczu zmian i reform programów mieszkaniowych? Analiza koncepcji sprawiedliwości społecznej w polityce mieszkaniowej obejmuje okres od roku 2006, kiedy to powołano program wspierający zakup pierwszego mieszkania „Rodzina na swoim”, do roku 2019 i programu Mieszkanie Plus.
Interests protected under the Polish law on combating of unfair competition
Authors: Kępiński Jakub
Published: April 2021

The article concerns the problem of determining the relationship between the Polish Act on Combating Unfair Competition of 1993 and the Polish Act on Combating Unfair Market Practices of 2007. The problem arose when the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive was implemented in the Polish system in 2007. The Directive is based on the division, which was not known in the Polish Act on Combating Unfair Competition, relating to business-to-business (B2B) and businessto-consumer (B2C) relationships. The adoption of such an artificial division has raised numerous problems of interpretation. A better solution would be to adopt in subsequent legislative works the criterion of protected interests, which are the basis of each of the analysed legal acts. Consequently, it will be necessary to introduce legislative changes to the Polish Law on Combating Unfair Competition.
Prawo do emerytury a świadczenie pielęgnacyjne – spory i kontrowersje
Authors: Szczechowicz Adrianna
Published: April 2021

Przedmiotem artykuły jest analiza problematyki przyznania świadczenia pielęgnacyjnego osobie, której ma ustalone prawo do emerytury. Poruszony temat jest istotny ze względu na to, że dotyczy udzielenia materialnego wsparcia osobom, które rezygnują z aktywności zawodowej, by opiekować się osobą niepełnosprawną. Powstałe w ostatnim okresie rozbieżności w orzecznictwie sądów administracyjnych nie pozwalają jednoznacznie ocenić jaki wpływ ma ustalone prawo do emerytury na możliwości nabycia prawa do świadczenia pielęgnacyjnego. W ramach tego samego sądu administracyjnego różne składy orzekające zajmują odmienne stanowiska, co nie daje obywatelom poczucia pewności prawa. Autorka dokonała analizy prezentowanych w orzecznictwie stanowisk i wskazała możliwości rozwiązania zaistniałego problemu. W ocenie autorki ustawodawca nie uwzględnia zmieniającej się sytuacji ekonomicznej i społecznej w przyjętych rozwiązaniach zależności pomiędzy uprawnieniem do świadczenia pielęgnacyjnego i uprawnieniem do emerytury, co wywołuje kontrowersje w praktyce. Brak inicjatywy legislacyjnej w tym zakresie powoduje, że sądy, aby wydawać sprawiedliwe orzeczenia, zaczynają poprawiać niedostosowane przepisy.
Ogólne przesłanki nadania stopnia doktora habilitowanego
Authors: Kała Dariusz P.
Published: April 2021

W 2018 r. dokonana została w Polsce reforma szkolnictwa wyższego. Jednym z efektów tej reformy była modyfikacja wymagań związanych z nadawaniem stopnia doktora habilitowanego. Artykuł traktuje o aktualnych ogólnych wymaganiach koniecznych do nadania stopnia doktora habilitowanego z wyłączeniem zagadnień omówionych w dodatkowej publikacji, a poświęconych szczególnym przesłankom nadania habilitacji. W publikacji wyrażono autorskie poglądy będące wynikiem analizy stanu prawnego, poglądów wyrażanych w nauce prawa oraz w orzecznictwie sądowym. W artykule omówiono takie zagadnienia, jak: pozaustawowe kryteria nadania habilitacji, znaczenie bibliometrii dla oceny osiągnięć habilitacyjnych, zakres dorobku naukowego przedstawianego w przewodzie habilitacyjnym, w tym znaczenie doktoratu i dorobku naukowego sprzed doktoratu oraz ograniczenia wynikające z przepisów przejściowych do reformy szkolnictwa wyższego.
The The territorial impacts of JESSICA projects in municipalities: evidence from the city of Poznań
Authors: Idczak Piotr , Mrozik Karol
Published: April 2021

This paper sets out to explore the contribution of JESSICA projects to enhancing the territorialcohesion of urban areas. We apply a slightly modified TARGET_TIA methodology to assess theterritorial impacts of those projects in the city of Poznań. It is found that the JESSICA projectsbrought about positive territorial effects in deprived urban areas, however, their impacts arequite varied. More exactly, the results demonstrate that projects which most closely addressedthe specific needs of the particular urban areas make the greatest contribution to improving theterritorial cohesion of a city. It is also suggested that the complexity of JESSICA projects shouldhave a higher priority in granting a JESSICA loan.
Jak zbudować nielegalny wał przeciwpowodziowy? Kilka refleksji na temat samoorganizacji i oddolnych inicjatyw w lokalnych społecznościach
Authors: Krzyworzeka Amanda
Published: April 2021

Artykuł ten poświęcony jest rozważaniom na temat samoorganizacji i oddolnych inicjatyw w społecznościach lokalnych. W oparciu o wyniki długotrwałych badań etnograficznych w jednej z wypoczynkowych miejscowości na Mazowszu prowadzona jest w nim analiza procesu budowy nielegalnych wałów przeciwpowodziowych przez lokalną społeczność. Autorka ukazuje kontekst społeczny i kulturowy opisywanego zjawiska, odwołując się m.in. do chłopskiej tradycji współpracy i wzajemnej pomocy, do kategorii „znajomości” czy jednoczenia się w oporze przeciw władzy. Poprzez skierowanie uwagi na lokalny charakter zarówno inicjatywy, jak i jej wykonania, autorka pokazuje odmienność funkcjonowania społeczności wiejskich i wielkomiejskich i inny charakter podejmowanych przez nie oddolnych inicjatyw.
Lista recenzentów „Ruchu Prawniczego, Ekonomicznego i Socjologicznego” za rok 2020
Authors: RPEiS Redakcja
Published: April 2021

Lista recenzentów „Ruchu Prawniczego, Ekonomicznego i Socjologicznego” za rok 2020
„Małoletniość” a problematyka ustawowych wskazań sądowego wymiaru kary – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Kania-Chramęga Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ustalenia znaczenia „małoletniości” na gruncie przepisów kształtujących sądowy wymiar kary. Analizując niniejsze zagadnienie od strony teoretycznoprawnej, w opracowaniu odwołano się do regulacji wybranych rozwiązań części ogólnej Kodeksu karnego, ponieważ uznano, że przewidziane w nich unormowania oddziałują na kierunek sądowego wymiaru kary. Podjęte rozważania między innymi miały wykazać, czy młody wiek zarówno sprawcy, jak i ofiary przestępstwa mogą w sposób arbitralny przesądzać o wypracowaniu czy utrwaleniu w tym zakresie określonego kierunku linii orzeczniczej, a w konsekwencji determinować rodzaj oraz rozmiar orzekanej w tego rodzaju przypadkach sankcji karnej. Opierały się one na analizie rozwiązań przewidzianych w artykułach: 10 § 3 k.k., 53 § 2 k.k. oraz 54 k.k.
Wykorzystanie jednostek pływających flotylli rzecznej do realizacji polityki bezpieczeństwa narodowego Republiki Serbii
Authors: Skarżyński Mirosław
Published: April 2021

W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe założenia polityki bezpieczeństwa narodowego, w tym polityki obronnej Republiki Serbii. Wymieniono zadania flotylli rzecznej serbskich wojsk lądowych. Zamieszczono strukturę organizacyjną flotylli oraz dane taktyczno-techniczne jednostek pływających. Omówiono przygotowanie załóg do realizacji zadań wynikających z założeń strategii bezpieczeństwa narodowego oraz strategii obronnej. W podsumowaniu dokonano rekapitulacji rozważań.
Baltic-Black Sea Regionalisms. Patchworks and Networks at Europe’s Eastern Margins, eds. Olga Bogdanova, Andrey Makarychev, Springer, Cham 2020, ISBN 978-3-030-24877-2, pp. 249.
Authors: Woźniak Martyna
Published: April 2021

Book Review
Staying at the front line of literature: How can topic modelling help researchers follow recent studies?
Authors: Lämsä Joni , Espinoza Catalina , Tuhkala Ari , Hämäläinen Raija
Published: April 2021

Staying at the front line in learning research is challenging because many fields are rapidly developing. One such field is research on the temporal aspects of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). To obtain an overview of these fields, systematic literature reviews can capture patterns of existing research. However, conducting systematic literature reviews is time-consuming and do not reveal future developments in the field. This study proposes a machine learning method based on topic modelling that takes articles from a systematic literature review on the temporal aspects of CSCL (49 original articles published before 2019) as a starting point to describe the most recent development in this field (52 new articles published between 2019 and 2020). We aimed to explore how to identify new relevant articles in this field and relate the original articles to the new articles. First, we trained the topic model with the Results, Discussion, and Conclusion sections of the original articles, enabling us to correctly identify 74% (n = 17) of new and relevant articles. Second, clusterisation of the original and new articles indicated that the field has advanced in its new and relevant articles because the topics concerning the regulation of learning and collaborative knowledge construction related 26 original articles to 10 new articles. New irrelevant studies typically emerged in clusters that did not include any specific topic with a high topic occurrence. Our method may provide researchers with resources to follow the patterns in their fields instead of conducting repetitive systematic literature reviews.
Predição de dados agronômicos em goiabeiras e separação de alvos por meio de Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado
Authors: Giongo Pedro Rogerio , Orlandini José Dionisio , Arantes Bruno Henrique Tondato , Gomes Luiz Fernando , Moraes Victor Hugo , Costa Adriana Rodoldo da , Ribon Adriana Aparecida
Published: April 2021

A agricultura digital, a aquisição e análise de informações remotas dos dados vem se tornando frequente com o uso dos Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANTs) e miniaturização dos sistemas de sensores. Com isto, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo, analisar o uso do sensoriamento remoto para a predição de variáveis agronômicas como diâmetro de caule, altura de planta e área de copa de goiabeiras, bem como para a diferenciação de alvos predominantes na área de estudo. Em função dos resultados, é possível com o sensoriamento remoto, determinar-se a área de copa, altura de planta e diâmetro de caule. Além disso o sensoriamento remoto permite a separação das plantas de goiabas, plantas daninhas, solo exposto, sombra de plantas e de palhada, selecionando de forma adequada as faixas espectrais ideias para a diferenciação de cada alvo.
Comparative genomics plastomes of the Amaryllidaceae family species
Authors: Jimenez Horace José , Francisco da Silva Allan Deyws , Semen Martins Luiza Suely , De Carvalho Reginaldo , De Moraes Filho Rômulo Maciel
Published: April 2021

The genus Allium covers more than 800 species, signaling among the largest among monocotyledons. The genus contains many economically important species, including garlic, leeks, onions, chives and Chinese chives. Due to the high conservation of chloroplast genomes compared to nuclear genomes and mitochondrial genome, sequence of chloroplasts in Amaryllidaceae have been consistently used for species identification and various in silico programs and strategies have been used to identify, characterize and compare plastid genome regions. Plastome from 15 species of the Amaryllidaceae family revealed similarity in both sequences and in the organization of their gene regions. The base pairs (bp) number ranged from 145,819 (A. paradoxum) to 159,125 (A. ursinum). In respect the GC content, the species presented a variation between 36.7% (A. schoenoprasum and A. sativum) and 37.5% (A. coddii) and the gene space ranged from 84.760 (A. paradoxum) to 94.766 (A. sativum). The genes that encode proteins showed values between 78 (A. paradoxum) to 89 (A. cepa). Phylogenetic trees acquired through alignment of complete plastomas and the plastidial matK gene revealed similarity to the proposed classification for the family. For the genus Allium, there was the formation of three clades with perfect correspondence of the clusters to the three evolutionary lines of the genus.
Pesquisa fenotípica dos fatores de virulência em Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolados de água de abastecimento público
Authors: Saeki Erika Kushikawa , Yamada Amanda Yaeko , De Souza Isabela Alves , De Araujo Larissa Amianti , Anversa Laís , Kobayashi Renata Katsuko Takayama , Nakazato Gerson
Published: April 2021

A bactéria Pseudomonas aeruginosa está amplamente distribuída no ambiente. A pouca exigência nutricional deste microrganismo possibilita sua sobrevivência em água de abastecimento público, cuja importância para a saúde pública deve-se principalmente ao fato de causar infecções em indivíduos imunocomprometidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar fenotipicamente os fatores de virulência de P. aeruginosa obtidos de água de abastecimento público. Um total de 19 isolados de P. aeruginosa foram analisados para determinação das motilidades (swarming, swimming e twitching), e avaliação da produção de protease alcalina, ramnolipídeos e DNase. Os experimentos foram realizados em triplicata em três ocasiões distintas. Para realizar a representação gráfica e a análise estatística foi utilizado o Software R Studio (1.2.5001). Todos os isolados foram produtores de protease alcalina com halo de proteólise acima de 8 mm. A atividade da DNase e a produção de ramnolipídeos foram observadas em 21,1% (n=4) e 84,2% (n=16), respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram uma alta diversidade no comportamento de motilidade entre os isolados de P. aeruginosa. Ao comparar os três tipos de motilidade, a maioria dos isolados (68,4%) apresentou produção significativa (p<0,05) de motilidade swimming. Conclui-se que os isolados de P. aeruginosa testados foram capazes de produzir fatores de virulência como motilidade swimming e twitching, protease e ramnolipídeos.
Soil salinity, micronutrients and passion fruit production irrigated with saline water and using organomineral fertilization
Authors: Souza José Thyago Aires , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Nunes Jarisson Cavalcante , Araújo Danila Lima , Oliveira Flaviano Fernades
Published: April 2021

The experiment was conducted in the city of Remigio, Paraiba State, Brazil, from July/2013 to May/2014. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of the saline water, bovine biofertilizer and potassium source on soil salinity, micronutrients and sodium contents in the leaf dry matter, and on the production of yellow passion fruit plants cv BRS Gigante Amarelo. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks subdivided into plots using the factorial scheme 2 × (2 × 2). It refers to the main plot as two different irrigation waters with electrical conductivities of 0.35 and 4.00 dS m-1, and the subplots as the combination between the biofertilizer application and exemption with different potassium sources: the conventional potassium chloride (KCl) and the polymer-coated one. The increase in the electrical conductivity of the irrigation water increased the initial soil salinity from 0.36 to 3.43 and after to 5.43 dS m-1. It also increased the leaf contents of Fe2+ and Na+. The biofertilizer increased the Zn2+ content in the leaf dry matter of the passion fruit plants, while the fertilization with polymer-coated KCl increased the B content and reduced the Mn2+ one as compared to the conventional KCl. The plants, at the beginning of the flowering phase, although their deficiencies of all micronutrients, presented satisfactory productivity levels whether the national average numbers are considered.
What is the productive potential of digit grass in response to nitrogen fertilization?
Authors: Nascimento Fontes Pryanka Thuyra , Oliveira Santos Douglas Baracho , Fagundes Jailson Lara , Backes Alfredo Acosta , Sousa Bráulio Maia de Lana , Santos Luiz Paulo de Souza , Santos Manoel Eduardo Rozalino
Published: April 2021

The digit grass is a highly cultivated species in Northeast Brazil, especially in Sergipe and Alagoas. However, research related to the management of fertilization of this specie is incipient. This experiment was carried out to examine the productive potential of digit grass and its morphological changes in response to nitrogen fertilization. The experimental period was from August 2014 to July 2015. Treatments consisted of five levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 300 and 600 kg ha-1) arranged in a randomized-block design with four replicates. Urea was used as a source of nitrogen. Height, light interception (LI), leaf area index (LAI), total tiller density (TTD), basal tiller density (BTD) and total (TDM), leaf (LDM) and stem dry matter (SDM) accumulations were influenced (P<0.05) by the nitrogen doses, fitting a positive quadratic equation. Nitrogen fertilization did not influence (P>0.05) dead material accumulation rate or aerial tiller density. Overall, the increasing nitrogen doses culminated in increased canopy height, LI and LAI as a result of the increase in TTD and BTD, which in turn elevated TDM, LDM and SDM. The herbage yield potential of digit grass can be increased with the application of 478 kg N ha-1, enabling its use as an alternative in intensive animal production systems.
Uma reflexão sobre a aprendizagem da solubilidade a partir da experimentação
Authors: Gurgel Joicy Pantoja Lima , Souza Katiuscia dos Santos de
Published: April 2021

Na perspectiva de um Ensino de Química que incentive a participação, a formulação de argumentos, a associação da Química com o cotidiano e a apropriação do conhecimento por meio de estratégias que se distanciem do habitual, o objetivo foi facilitar a aprendizagem da solubilidade através da experimentação com características investigativas, utilizando os recursos hídricos como temática, valorizando explicações e compreensões associadas aos níveis de representação química. A pesquisa foi realizada com vinte estudantes da primeira série do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de Manaus, a partir da abordagem qualitativa e enfoque descritivo e exploratório, tendo como instrumentos de coleta de dados, discussões e as atividades experimentais com os dados avaliados a partir da abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados evidenciaram que os estudantes tendem a se expressar apenas utilizando o nível de representação química macroscópico, com dificuldade de transitar entre o macroscópico, submicroscópico e simbólico, e quando empregadas estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem não comuns ao dia-dia escolar, em que sejam necessárias mobilizações do conhecimento, estes apresentam dificuldades em relacionar o científico ao contexto. Em relação a temática recursos hídricos, ainda há um longo caminho de sensibilização ambiental a ser realizado porque a maioria se abstém ou responsabiliza outros pelas ações referentes ao meio ambiente.
Coconut powder and fiber as substrate components for the production seedlings of caatinga species
Authors: Lima Diego Fernandes , Silva Maria Amanda Menezes
Published: April 2021

A viable alternative for the final disposal of Cocos nucifera L. waste is its use in the production of substrates to grow seedlings of vegetal species. We carried out an experiment at the Federal Institute of Ceará, Quixadá campus, to assess the technical viability of this alternative. During the experiment, seedlings of Caatinga species (Libidibia ferrea, Cenostigma pyramidale, and Amburana cearenses) were planted in the following treatments: T0 - 70% soil + 30% bovine manure, T1 - 70% soil + 20% bovine manure + 10% coconut powder, and T2 - 70% soil + 20% bovine manure + 10% coconut fiber. In each treatment, we used ten seedlings per species, in a completely randomized design. First, we calculated the percentage of emergence, then, monthly, we measured the height and diameter of seedlings. After four months of the experiment, we analyzed the investment in morphometric characteristics. The use of coconut waste favored the emergence percentage of L. ferrea and C. pyramidale, but not A. cearenses. The presence of coconut powder provided an increase in maximum height and diameter, primary root length, wood density, and dry matter content in L. ferrea seedlings, and a higher dry matter content in the wood and secondary roots of C. pyramidale seedlings. Thus, we concluded that the use of coconut waste, mainly powder, has positive or neutral effects on the growth of L. ferrea and C. pyramidale seedlings, besides being an environmentally suitable alternative for the final disposal of this material.
Atuação das academias de ginástica durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Araújo Júnior Jurandir Amaral , Mendonça Gerfeson , Toscano José Jean Oliveira
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever o conteúdo de práticas de exercícios físicos veiculado virtualmente por academias de ginástica durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, observacional e com característica retrospectiva. A amostra foi composta por oito academias de ginástica distribuídas nas regiões administrativas do município de Maceió – AL. Foi elaborado um formulário para registrar as variáveis de interesse: plataformas virtuais utilizadas, tipo das postagens, conteúdo e o número de visualizações dessas postagens nos meios virtuais utilizados no período de abril, maio e junho de 2020. Foram realizadas análises descritivas das variáveis contínuas por meio da média e valores mínimos e máximos. Para as variáveis categóricas, foi utilizada a distribuição de frequências em números absolutos e relativos. Nos resultados, foi identificado um total de 91.836 seguidores dos perfis de redes sociais das oito academias observadas. Foram identificadas um total de 449 tipos distintos de postagens, sendo a maioria realizada na rede social Instagram (85,0%); o conteúdo mais prevalente foram os posts informativos (64,5%). Em relação ao conteúdo especifico de vídeo aulas ou lives de treinamento, as atividades com perfil de demanda cardiorrespiratória (aeróbicas) foram as que apresentaram maior prevalência de oferta (47,3%), seguido das atividades com capacidades mistas (aeróbias e resistidas) com 32,3%. As academias de ginástica em seus ajustes pós-pandemia, além dos cuidados com a biossegurança, podem se aproximar mais dos seus clientes utilizando, de modo mais efetivo, tecnologias virtuais.
Identification of catechin in ethyl acetate phase and determination of redox profile of the Anacardium occidentale L. through electrochemical techniques
Authors: Menezes Cristiane Lima , Silva Jonatas de Oliveira Souza , Shan Andréa Yu Kwan Villar , Estevam Charles dos Santos , Melo Acácia Maria dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Anacardium occidentale L., also known how “cajueiro”, is very used for your pharmacological properties, like: anti-inflammatory, healing, anti-glycemic and others. Their curls have been described as rich in phenolic compounds, powerful natural antioxidants. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the redox profile of the A. occidentale inner bark extract using electrochemical and spectrophotometric techniques through the DPPH radical sequestration reaction. For this, a phytochemical prospection was made in which steroids, phenols, flavones, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and xanthones were detected in the hydroethanolic extract (HEE) and in the ethyl acetate phase (EAP). Total phenolic content in the EAP was also quantified with values of 848.62 ± 78.18 μg mg-1 ofgallic acid. The DPPH assay showed that the EAP at a concentration of 25μg mL-1, presents the greater sequestration of free radicals (around 90%) with an CE50 value of 16.13 μg mL-1 and an AAI value of 2.48, noting the very strong antioxidant potential of the plant. The EAP High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis showed a similar behavior to the catechin standard, with a major peak eluted at 3 minutes and 30 seconds with a slightly broad base and a UV absorbance spectrum with a maximum absorbance of 274 nm, identifying (+) - catechin, when compared to the 279 nm UV-Visible scanning spectrum obtained with catechin standard. The EAP voltammograms were similar to the (+) - catechin standard, inferring the catechin involvement with A. occidentale redox activity.
Qualidade fisiológica e viabilidade de sementes de espinheira-santa (Monteverdia ilicifolia, Celastraceae)
Authors: Perleberg Tângela Denise , Silva Tamires Ebeling da , Vitória Josiane Mendonça , Silva Patrick da Silva , Magalhães Rafaela de Sousa Corrêa de , Barbieri Rosa Lía , Costa Caroline Jácome , Mariot Márcio Paim
Published: April 2021

A espinheira-santa (Monteverdia ilicifolia) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil utilizada no tratamento de gastrites e úlceras gástricas. A produção de mudas para o cultivo com fins econômicos por meio de sementes pode ser uma alternativa para minimizar o extrativismo predatório. Teve-se como objetivos avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de M. ilicifolia em testes de germinação, emergência e ao longo do armazenamento e determinar o tipo de corte da semente, o período de exposição e a eficácia de diferentes concentrações de solução de 2,3,5 trifenil cloreto de tetrazólio para avaliação da viabilidade das sementes de espinheira-santa. Para tal, foram realizados testes de germinação, de emergência, e de tetrazólio utilizando sementes de 12 acessos de espinheira-santa. A porcentagem média de germinação foi de 67%, não havendo diferença significativa entre os acessos avaliados. Considerando o teste de emergência, as sementes dos acessos 127 e 136 se destacaram por apresentarem os maiores valores do Índice de Velocidade de Emergência (IVE), e por estarem dentro do grupo formado por acessos com os maiores valores de emergência (média de 87%) e os menores valores de Tempo Médio de Emergência (TME). As sementes podem ser armazenadas, sob temperatura média de 5 °C por até 120 dias apresentando percentual de emergência acima de 60%. Para avaliação rápida da viabilidade de sementes pelo teste de tetrazólio, recomenda-se realização de corte longitudinal, no eixo embrionário, e a exposição às concentrações de 0,25% ou 0,50% da solução de tetrazólio, durante 3 horas.
Síntese, caracterização e atividade antitumoral in vitro de uma série de 1,2,4-oxadiazois 3,5-substituídos
Authors: Da Silva Edilma Elayne , Gonçalves Acioli Bianca Micaela Macário , Mata Mauricélia Maria de Souza , Gadelha Militão Gardênia Carmem , Da Silva Teresinha Gonçalves , De Freitas Jucleiton José Rufino , Freitas Juliano Carlo Rufino , De Freitas Filho João Rufino
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho, é descrito a síntese, caracterização estrutural e atividade antitumoral in vitro de 1,2,4-oxadiazois. As arilamidoximas, produtos de partida de interesse, foram obtidos em bons rendimentos (70-92%). Por outro lado, os 3-aril-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-il)-propan-2-ona (5a-c) foram obtidos a partir do acetoacetato de etila com arilamidoxima através do aquecimento durante 4 horas em rendimento de 74-88%. Em seguida os compostos 3a-c foram submetidos a reação de redução com borohidreto de sódio para fornecer os 3-aril-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-il)-propan-2-ol (6a-c) em rendimento variando de 75-88%. Compostos contendo o núcleo oxadiazolico da série (5a-c) e (6a-c) foram submetidos a teste biológico para verificação da citoxicidade in vitro dos mesmos frente a células tumorais - HT29 (carcinoma de cólon - humano), HL60 (leucemia promielocítica) e NCI H-292 (câncer de pulmão - humano). Os compostos (5a-c) e (6a-c) tiveram suas atividades antitumoral in vitro testada e 5a/b apresentaram atividade moderada e 5c boa atividade frente as células HL60. Por outro lado, os compostos 6a-c não apresentaram atividades.
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of iron oxides and niobium in the removal of dyes in Fenton type reactions and photocatalysis
Authors: Ferreira Jéssica de Souza , Dos Santos Thaiane Siqueira , Souza Marluce Oliveira da Guarda , Martins André Rosa
Published: April 2021

In this work, catalysts based on niobium oxide modified with iron oxide were developed for the photocatalytic treatment of effluents contaminated with dyes. The catalysts were prepared, in different proportions of niobium and iron, using niobium ammonium oxalate salts, iron nitrate and ammonium acetate and calcination at 400 °C. The solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform, measured at zero point charge and evaluated in adsorption, Fenton reaction type advanced oxidation and methylene blue heterogeneous photocatalysis. It was observed that the increase in niobium concentration increased the values of point of zero charge and decreased the reaction system final pH. The solid with Fe/Nb2 ratio showed the best performance as an adsorbent and in oxidation reaction, followed by the one with Fe / Nb1.5 ratio. The solids showed practically the same result (1.8 eV), in addition, the presence of iron niobite (Fe/Nb1) favored the photocatalytic system.