bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bias against Atheists and Religious Persons in Sweden
Authors: Hallin Nathalie , Västfjäll Daniel , Andersson Gerhard
Published: November 2022

Religion is viewed as necessary for moral behaviour in many parts of the world. Today, however, many societies are becoming more secular and the view of atheists as immoral might therefore change. This study investigated anti-atheist and anti-religious bias in Sweden, by replicating Gervais et al. (2017). The study used an online version of the conjunction fallacy test, which investigates whether a description, in this case of extremely immoral behaviour, is viewed as representative of a category or group. In this study we chose atheists and religious believers as targets. The sample consisted of 268 Swedish participants. The results showed no significant difference between conditions. However, the anti-atheist bias was lower than in the original American sample from the replicated study, while the anti-religious bias was higher. Further research can investigate differences between cultures, using the conjunction fallacy test.
Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous novel RAG1 mutation in a child with omenn syndrome
Authors: Wang Wendi , Wang Jian , Wang Jingjing , Liu Jingting , Pei Jianying , Li Wanyi , Wang Yanxia , Banerjee Santasree , Xu Ruifeng , Yi Bin
Published: November 2022

Introduction and objectives: Omenn syndrome (OS) is a very rare type of severe combined immunodeficiencies manifested with erythroderma, eosinophilia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and elevated level of serum IgE. OS is inherited with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Germline mutations in the human RAG1 gene cause OS.
Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated a 2-month-old boy with cough, mild anaemia, pneumonia, immunodeficiency, repeated infection, feeding difficulties, hepatomegaly, growth retardation, and heart failure. Parents of the proband were phenotypically normal.
Results: Karyotype analysis and chromosomal microarray analysis found no chromosomal struc-tural abnormalities (46, XY) and no pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) in the proband. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous single nucleotide deletion (c.2662delC) in exon 2 of the RAG1 gene in the proband. Sanger sequencing confirmed that both the proband parents were carrying this variant in a heterozygous state. This variant was not identified in two elder sisters and one elder brother of the proband and in the 100 ethnically matched normal healthy individuals. This novel homozygous deletion (c.2662delC) leads to the frameshift, which finally results in the formation of the truncated protein (p.Leu888Phefs*3) V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 with 890 amino acids compared with the wildtype V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 of 1043 amino acids. Hence, it is a loss-of-function variant.
Conclusions: Our present study expands the mutational spectrum of the RAG1 gene associated with OS. We also strongly suggested the importance of whole-exome sequencing for the genetic screening of patients with OS.
Serum dual-specificity phosphatase 1 reflects decreased exacerbation risk, correlates with less advanced exacerbation severity and lower inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma
Authors: Wang Chong , Xie Dong , Bai Cui , Mao Chenggang , Wang Fang , Guo Xingqing
Published: November 2022

Background: It is as fact that dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) regulates the T cell activation, pro-allergic response, and inflammation to engage with the pathogenesis of asthma, but its clinical role in children with asthma is unclear. The present study aimed to explore the expression of DUSP1, its association with exacerbation risk, severity, and inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma. Method: Around 52 children with asthma-exacerbation, 50 children in asthma-remission, and 50 healthy children were chosen for the study. The serum levels of DUSP1, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: The levels of DUSP1 was the highest in healthy children (median (IQR)=34.305 (25.892– 43.693) ng/mL), the second highest in children in asthma-remission (median (IQR)=21.471 (18.581–27.934) ng/mL), and the lowest in children with asthma-exacerbation (median (IQR)=13.982 (7.901–21.624) ng/mL) (P<0.001). At the same time, DUSP1 was also related to decreased asthma risk with area under curve (AUC) (95%CI) of 0.847 (0.780–0.914), and cor-related with its lower exacerbation risk with AUC (95%CI) of 0.755 (0.661–0.849). Besides, DUSP1 was negatively linked with exacerbation severity (rs=–0.338, P=0.014), immunoglobulin E (rs=-0.277, P=0.047), TNF-α (rs=-0.423, P=0.002), IL-1β (rs=-0.389, P=0.004), and IL-17 (rs=-0.293, P=0.035), but not related with other disease features in children with asthma-exacerbation. Meanwhile, DUSP1 was only negatively associated with TNF-α (rs=-0.300, P=0.034) and IL-1β (rs=-0.309, P=0.029) in children in asthma-remission. However, no correlation was found in DUSP1 with inflammatory cytokines or other disease features in healthy children (all P>0.05).
Conclusion: DUSP1 reflects the reduced exacerbation risk, and associates with lower exacerbation severity and inflammatory cytokines in children with asthma-exacerbation; it also associates with inflammatory cytokines in children in asthma-remission. These findings suggest that DUSP1 may help to improve the management of asthmatic children.
Research progress of statins on immune regulation of multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
Authors: Dongsheng Xu  , Wang Manxia
Published: November 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize studies on statins used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: We searched some representing databases. Some studies were included if the effects of statins were tested on MS and EAE. The methodological quality was evaluated by the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies checklist.
Results: Studies have confirmed that statins have immunomodulatory, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, and can be used in combination with immunomodulators of different mechanisms to treat MS and EAE. Statins have been shown to improve the following symptoms MS, reduce the number of attacks and the number of lesions, through immunomod-ulatory, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, and has a good safety profile.
Conclusions: In short, statins represent an attractive new measure for treating MS. Some studies indicate that in addition to immunomodulatory effects, statins may have neuroprotective and neuro-repairing effects. The combination of statins with other immunosuppressive drugs has also produced encouraging results. This can be broadly prospects prospected to treat MS and EAE. It is hoped that in the near future, a combination of statins with less adverse reactions and high efficacy combined with other immunomodulators will bring exact results to patients with MS.
Protopine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-triggered intestinal epithelial cell injury through retarding the NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Junyu Li  , Xu Zhongjun , Canhui OuYang  , Xiongjian Wu  , Yun Xie  , Jun Xie
Published: November 2022

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common chronic intestinal disease. Protopine isolated from different plants has been investigated to understand its special functions on varied diseases. However, the regulatory effects of protopine on the progression of IBD remain unclear. Our study is aimed to explore the effects of protopine on the progression of IBD and its underlying regulatory mechanism of action.
Methods: The cell viability was assessed through MTT colorimetric assay. The protein expressions of genes were examined by Western blot analysis. The cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species level were measured using flow cytometry. The levels of inflammation and oxidative stress-related proteins were tested through enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured through immunofluorescence assay.
Results: First, different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with NCM460 cells to establish IBD cell model, and 5-μg/mL LPS was chosen for followed experiments. In this study, we discovered that protopine relieved the LPS-induced inhibited intestinal epithelial cell viability and enhanced cell apoptosis. Moreover, protopine attenuated LPS-stimulated inflammation activation and oxidative stress. Further experiments illustrated that the increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential stimulated by LPS were reversed by protopine treatment. Finally, through Western blot analysis, it was demonstrated that protopine retarded the activated NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways mediated by LPS.
Conclusion: Protopine alleviated LPS-triggered intestinal epithelial cell injury by inhibiting NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling pathways to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. This discovery may provide a useful drug for treating IBD.
PHLDA1 knockdown inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress by regulating JNK/ERK pathway, and plays a protective role in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Gong Minmin , Wenmei Liang  , Qinju Lu  , Jing Zhang
Published: November 2022

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI), a prevalent complication of sepsis, causes substantial burden on patients’ families as well as the society. More reliable markers are urgently required for the prevention and treatment of AKI. Pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) was implicated in various diseases, but its involvement in sepsis-induced AKI remains to be explored. The JNK/ERK pathway has been revealed as being involved in progression of sepsis. One previous study demonstrated that PHLDA1 could activate the JNK/ERK pathway in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nevertheless, involvement of PHLDA1 in sepsis-triggered AKI through the JNK/ERK pathway has not been probed.
Methods: A cecal ligation and punctured (CLP) mice model of sepsis-induced AKI was estab-lished. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining were applied to evaluate the expression of PHLDA1. Concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr), inflammation markers, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as oxidative stress-associated proteins (catalase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione), in the kidney tissues of mice were evaluated by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. Western blot analysis was applied for measuring protein expression levels.
Results: The BUN and SCr levels in mice were obviously elevated in the CLP group compared to the sham group. Moreover, the expression of PHLDA1 was also elevated in the CLP group in comparison to the sham group. Down-regulation of PHLDA1 alleviated renal injury, inflam-mation, and oxidative stress in AKI model. Mechanistic study showed that PHLDA1 knockdown suppressed the activation of c-JUN N-terminal kinase/p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (JNK/ERK) pathway.
Conclusion: Down-regulation of PHLDA1 suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress through the modulation of JNK/ERK pathway in sepsis-induced AKI. The results could offer a novel insight into the treatment of patients with sepsis-induced AKI.
Anethole ameliorates inflammation induced by monosodium urate in an acute gouty arthritis model via inhibiting TLRs/MyD88 pathway
Authors: Yuepeng Cao  , Qin Zhong  , Fang Tang  , Xueming Yao  , Liu Zhengqi , Xiaodong Zhang
Published: November 2022

Objective: To assess the effects of anethole on monosodium urate (MSU)-induced inflammatory response, investigate its role in acute gouty arthritis (AGA), and verify its molecular mechanism. Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin staining assay and time-dependent detection of degree of ankle swelling were performed to assess the effects of anethole on joint injury in MSU-induced AGA mice. Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay was performed to demonstrate the production levels of inflammatory factors (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], interleukin 6 [IL-6], interleukin 8 [IL-8], tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 [MCP-1]) in MSU-induced AGA mice. Western blot assays were used to confirm the effects of anethole on oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activity and the activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs)–myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) pathway in MSU-induced AGA mice.
Results: We observed that a significant joint injury occurred in MSU-induced AGA mice. Anethole could alleviate the pathological injury of the synovium in MSU-induced AGA mice and suppressed ankle swelling. In addition, we observed that anethole could inhibit MSU-induced inflammatory response and inflammasome activation in MSU-induced AGA mice. Moreover, we discovered that anethole enabled to inhibit the activation of TLRs/MyD88 pathway in MSU-induced AGA mice. Our findings further confirmed that anethole contributed to the inhibitory effects on progression in MSU-induced AGA mice.
Conclusion: It confirmed that anethole ameliorated the MSU-induced inflammatory response in AGA mice in vivo via inhibiting TLRs–MyD88 pathway.
IRX1 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice by promoting CXCL14
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yanlin Yue  , Yunyan Ma
Published: November 2022

Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is a general critical complication having high relevance to kidney inflammation. In spite of advances in clinical and critical care, the specific and effective therapies for acute kidney injury are still insufficient. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Iroquois homeobox genes (IRX) on sepsis-induced kidney dysfunction in mice.
Methods: In order to gain insight into sepsis-related actions in acute kidney injury, the cecal puncture-induced kidney injury animal model was established. The hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to measure the pathology of kidney tissues. The kidney function-related biomarkers, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1, blood urea nitrogen, and inflammatory cytokines, which included tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1, were detected by automated biochemical analyzer or their corresponding test kits. The protein expression was measured using Western blot analysis, and the apoptotic rate of kidney tissue was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay.
Results: The present study revealed the protective ability of IRX1 in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. This study also determined the potential mechanism of IRX1 on sepsis-induced inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. Finally, it highlighted that IRX1 exerted a protec-tive influence on CLP-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing the activation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14).
Conclusion: To conclude, the results suggest that overexpression of IRX1 could promote survival rate and suppress the CLP-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and kidney dysfunction through the activation of CXCL14. IRX1 and CXCL14 are essential to elucidate the mechanism of acute kidney injury. These findings may help to identify the promising targets for clinical sepsis therapy.
Pedagogisk forskning i antropocen
Authors: Sjögren Hanna , Hofverberg Hanna
Published: November 2022

I detta temanummer uppmärksammar vi begreppet antropocen och diskuterar vilken betydelse antropocen kan ha för hur vi inom pedagogisk forskning tänker och bör tänka kring pedagogik, skola och utbildning. Vi menar attdet är hög tid att sätta den geologiska epoken antropocen i relation till frågeställningar om skola och utbildning inom en svensk kontext. Inom den internationella utbildningsforskningen har flera temanummer om antropocen publicerats under de senaste åren och turen har nu kommit till den svenskautbildningsvetenskapliga forskningen.
Antropocen och utbildning – direkta naturmöten och demokratiska processer
Authors: Lundegård Iann , Hasslöf Helen
Published: November 2022

Allt oftare omnämns att planetens tillstånd befinner sig i en ny tidsepok; Antropocen – människans tidsålder. Förutom den geologiska lydelsen pekar tillståndet även på det paradigmskifte i tänkande mänskligheten nu befinner sig i. Vår färdväg definieras som alltmer akut ohållbar. Från ett samlat vetenskapssamhälle framförs nu nödvändigheten av att på kort tid åstadkomma omvälvande förändringar, i en omfattning vi tidigare inte skådat. I det sammanhanget lyfts också ofta utbildningens centrala roll. I den här artikeln lutar vi oss främst mot den franska filosofen Bruno Latours resonemang om de konsekvenser antropocen har för människans behov av relationsskapande och tillhörighet. Eller formulerat som en utmaning att konfronteras med i undervisningen: Hur kan undervisningen skapa relationer med ”det mer än mänskliga” där människan utgör en integrerad del i biosfärens levande och materiella processer? Med hjälp av tre konkreta exempel från två skolor och med teori och analytiskt fokus hämtat frånpragmatiska perspektiv på kommunikation, utforskar vi Latours efterfrågan av ”The terrestrial”. I den argumentativa texten visar vi hur detta kan identifieras i termer av öppna naturmöten, i relationsskapande och i demokratiska processer, vilka synliggör hur vi människor är sammankopplade med biosfären. I artikeln pekar vi också på några didaktiska riktningsgivare vilka kan vara till hjälp för lärare att skapa en undervisning som möjliggör för det omedelbara naturmötet, öppnar för det relationella utrymmet och stödjer genomlevandet av demokrati som en form av liv.
Comparative Study on Tall Structures with Different Aerodynamic Modification Subjected to Wind Load Using ETABS
Authors: Sushmitha H O , Chetan S Gonni
Published: November 2022

High rise Structures are in demand due to scarcity of land in urban areas, economic growth, technological advancement, etc. Wind effect is very important for high rise structures and provides significant contribution to overall loading and serviceability. But as we go higher wind excitation becomes one of the most precarious force acting on the surface of the structure. So modifications to the structural geometry is on of the best idea to reduce the wind impact. In this paper different aerodynamic modification are applied to the G+40 square structure. Minor modification like round corner, recessed corner and major modification like setback, tapered were considered. Wind analysis for these models were done in ETABS software and the obtained results were compared with basic square model. Then the model having less impact for wind is concluded as the best modified structure
Comparative Study on Seismic Analysis of RC Structure with and Without Floating Column Including Lateral Load Resisting Systems
Authors: Ghante Rakhesh J , B V Manjunath
Published: November 2022

: Soft storey, vertical or plan irregularity, floating column, and high loads are all common features of modern multi-story structures. In metropolitan India, these kinds of buildings are becoming increasingly popular. According to the findings of previous earthquake research, most RC buildings with such flaws are extremely undesirable in seismically active locations. These effects occurred as a result of a variety of factors, including nonuniform mass distribution, stiffness, and strength. This study uses the software STAAD PRO V8i to discuss the seismic analysis of a multi-storey G+7 building with floating column built in seismically active area, observing its responses to external lateral force generated on the building in seismic zone 5,including different lateral load resisting systems. The structure is represented in ten different model cases. Model 2 contains a floating column structure, Model 3includes increased column size on the ground floor. Models 4, 5, 6 and 10 contain different types of bracing (type 1, type 2, type 3 and type 4) which are installed one after another from the ground floor to the top floor and modelled separately. Shear core/shear tube is introduced in model 7 and 9 with thickness 0.2m running from ground to top. Shearwalls of 4 typesareintroducedinmodel8withthicknessofwallas0.3mrunning from ground floor to top. Thus, alternative measures involving improving non uniform distribution in irregular buildings, such as multi storey buildings with floating columns, were highlighted, and the safer design of such buildings in seismically active areas was recommended, taking into account the results observed from base shear, storey drifts, storey displacements, bending moment using Equivalent static method. As a consequence of the results, we determined that the introduction of a single bracing/strut contributes to the maximum reduction in shear force and bending moment compared to all model cases, Shear core structure withstands the highest seismic load of any model, When the columns are completely removed to create a floating column design, the % increase in maximum drift is 67.65%, indicating the minimum lateral resistance compared to all model cases.
Study of Seismic Response of Multi-Storied Vertical Irregular Building in Different Type of Soils
Authors: B U Jai Ganesh , B V Ramya
Published: November 2022

In this study of vertical structural irregularities, which are frequently unavoidable owing to structural and design constraints and have a significant influence on building costs. Regulations pertaining to Turkey, China, Iran, New Zealand, Mexico, and India are included in the definitions of structural irregularity in the vertical plane and earthquake codes of the various seismically active nations. In order to emphasise the importance of these in terms of architects comprehending the laws, the visual expression approaches of vertical structural irregularity definitions in the aforementioned regulations were also looked at. The study's target audience, which includes architects and architecture students, has underwent a comprehensive review that is enhanced with visualisations on vertical structural abnormalities. Common design choices that may result in structural irregularities and the countermeasures that may be used against all these irregularities are presented in order to avoid the seismic codes, which by their very nature contain a lot of methodologies and calculations, from being seen as documentation that should be memorised. Due to a greater knowledge of how visual forms affect human perception, each title is accompanied with a basic yet descriptive illustration. Although there is presently a lack of adequate study on the application of isolation technique to decrease seismic effect and problems associated to a weak story, vertical irregularities tends to have a negative impact on the seismic effect on buildings. In both situations of mass distribution and stiffness distribution, the study of isolated vertical irregular structures is the main topic of this work. The base isolation of irregular buildings offers improved seismic resistance by minimising base shear and enhancing damping characteristics, according to earlier publications mentioned and our case study research.
Cognitive Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients with and without Pneumonia
Authors: Pratama Carissa Vania , Juli Cep , Calista Chandra , Gunadharma Suryani , Wibisono Yusuf , Ong Paulus Anam
Published: November 2022

Background: There are high prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) that may worsen the patients’ outcomes. Pneumonia, as the significant infection complication in stroke patients, may aggravate the decline in the cognitive outcome of patients. This study aimed to explore the cognitive outcomes among patients with or without pneumonia among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective analytical comparative numeric study was conducted from September 2020 to February 2021, using secondary data of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in the year 2019. A total sampling method was employed. Data on pneumonia in stroke patients was retrieved, consisting of patients with pneumonia and without pneumonia. Data on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as the measures of cognitive outcomes were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results: There were 108 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage included. There was a statistically significant difference (p value 0.049) in MMSE scores with  median MMSE score for pneumonia patients (n = 27) and non-pneumonia patients (n = 81) were 25 and 21, respectively.Conclusions: Cognitive outcome is worse in patients with pneumonia than those without pneumonia. Early intervention is needed for intracerebral hemorrhage patients who develop pneumonia as a complication to improve the cognitive outcome.
Formal and Multimodal Approach to Hard News as Genre, Structure and Metalanguage in Social and Digital Media Contexts. The Example of Twitter
Authors: Prado Jan Alyne Barbosa
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT The goal of this paper is to improve heuristics for hard news discourse by proposing a cognitive model of abstraction, regarding social media contexts. To this end, hard news is discussed as a genre, structure and metalanguage, under the formal definition of a semiotic mode. Annotation is a successful technology to control the effects of genre operations, reveal relations, and to inquire about data and documents. It proceeds to characterize Twitter’s interface, in terms of formal and material regularities, employed recursively. It further demonstrates the formalization of a semantics for hard news discourse in the so-called logical forms, which has been adapted from analytical tools developed by the Segmented Theory of Discourse Representation (SDRT) in order to examine coherence in different levels of detail. Finally, the implication of this approach as a discipline is discussed, regarding the production of transversal knowledge aiming at digital literacy, which urges in present times.1
Abordagem formal e multimodal da notícia como gênero, estrutura e metalinguagem em contextos de mídia social e digital. O exemplo do Twitter
Authors: Prado Jan Alyne Barbosa
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é aperfeiçoar heurísticas para o discurso das notícias por meio do desenvolvimento de um modelo cognitivo de abstração, em contextos de mídia social. Para tal, discute-se a notícia como gênero, estrutura e metalinguagem, partindo da noção formal de modo semiótico. A anotação sob essa visada é uma tecnologia bem-sucedida para controlar os efeitos das restrições de gênero, revelar relações e inquirir sobre dados e documentos. Procede-se à anotação da notícia na interface do Twitter, caracterizada em termos de suas regularidades formais e materiais empregadas recursivamente. Demonstra-se a formalização de uma semântica para o discurso da notícia nas chamadas formas lógicas, adaptada de ferramentas desenvolvidas pela Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (SDRT), a fim de construir novas hipóteses sobre coerência em diferentes níveis de detalhe. Por fim, discute-se a implicação desta abordagem como disciplina na produção de conhecimento transversal com vistas à literacia digital, em tempos urgentes1.
O teatro ateniense como cenário para as facções políticas: uma disputa de poder na comédia As rãs de Aristófanes (405 a.C.)
Authors: Puga Dolores
Published: November 2022

RESUMO O objetivo desse artigo é fundamentar uma avaliação sobre o final do século V a.C. em Atenas pelas lentes de uma comédia aristofânica. Atenta-se para a atuação das facções políticas (ou hetaireías), que não se restringiam apenas ao espaço das assembleias públicas, mas consolidavam, pelo financiamento das obras dramáticas, uma forma de atingir o público politicamente de maneira persuasiva: os cidadãos que poderiam votar nas ideias debatidas dentro das assembleias. Para tanto, propõem-se uma reflexão acerca do sistema da choregía como forma de dominação, uma análise acerca das orações de Andócides de 415 a.C. sobre as disputas pelo espaço político - seja atuando no teatro, seja de forma oculta, pela ação de grupos de sublevação de poder - e, por fim, uma investigação do tema no exame discursivo da comédia As rãs de Aristófanes (Bátrachoi - 405 a.C.).
Auditory Processing Intervention Program for school-aged children – development and content validation
Authors: Luís Cátia , Abrantes Ana , Oliveira Catarina , Alves Marisa , Martins Jorge Humberto
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose The study aimed at the development and content validation of an Auditory Processing Intervention Program for school-aged European Portuguese speaking children with Auditory Processing Disorder. Methods The first step was the program’s development and its instructions manual, which includes objectives, activities, procedures, materials, reinforcement, instructions, and verbal stimuli used, for the following auditory skills: auditory discrimination, auditory attention; auditory memory; auditory closure; figure-ground; auditory separation; auditory integration; binaural fusion; content validation was performed next, with two expert panels analyzing the program, through the use of a questionnaire. Content validity was calculated using the content validity index. Results Program evaluation shows an excellent content validity. Some items were modified after analyzing the experts’ comments and suggestions (e.g. instructions, intensity differences, main character). Conclusion This work allowed the development and content validation of an auditory processing intervention program, with verbal stimuli, selected according to strict linguistic criteria. In the future, the acceptability and efficacy of this program with the target population should be analyzed.
PROJETOS PEDAGÓGICOS DE CURSO EM ANÁLISE: GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Guimarães Eduardo Barbosa de Menezes , Silva Iolete Ribeiro da , Ferreira Isabel Cristina Fernandes , Esperança Angelo Cabral
Published: November 2022

O espaço escolar recebe com incômodo performances e identidades dissidentes sexuais e de gênero. É comum encontrar docentes que reproduzem violências LGBTI+fóbicas, bem como aqueles que reconhecem a sensação de incapacidade de lidar com o tema, demonstrando a intenção de desconstruir paradigmas ao buscar a transformação de suas práticas pedagógicas. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar se e de que forma a temática gênero e sexualidade está presente em dez (10) projetos pedagógicos de cursos de formação docente para a educação básica em duas universidades públicas da cidade Manaus - AM. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, utilizando a análise construtivo-interpretativa dos dados a partir do pressuposto histórico-cultural. Os resultados apontam uma presença-ausente do tema na concepção dos cursos e nas ementas das disciplinas que os integram; percebeu-se que a discussão gênero e sexualidade acontece em atividades pontuais, mas não transversalmente ao longo da graduação; identificou-se que a discussão dessa temática acontece explicitamente, principalmente partindo de um discurso biológico, e o debate sobre o tema não é identificado como concretamente estabelecido nos PPCs. O presente trabalho contribui para a reflexão sobre a importância de uma formação inicial docente que debata gênero e sexualidade e indica a necessidade de uma formação inicial e continuada voltada à desconstrução da cis-heteronormatividade como alternativa para superar o preconceito que interfere no saber-fazer na/da escola como espaço de/para o acolhimento, escuta atenta, inclusão e equidade, essenciais a uma educação humanizadora e emancipatória.
iFeel 2.0: A Multilingual Benchmarking System for Sentence-Level Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Araujo Matheus , Diniz João , Bastos Lucas , Soares Elias , Junior Manoel , Ferreira Miller , Ribeiro Filipe , Benevenuto Fabrício
Published: November 2022

Sentiment analysis became a hot topic, specially with the amount of opinions available in social media data. With the increasing interest in this theme, several methods have been proposed in the literature. Recent efforts have showed that there is no single method that always achieves the best prediction performance for different datasets. Additionally, novel methods have not being extensively compared with other methods and across different datasets, specially methods that are not designed to the English language. Consequently, researchers tend to accept any popular method as a valid methodology to measure sentiments, a practice that is usual in science. In this context, we propose iFeel 2.0, an online web system that implements 19 sentence-level sentiment analysis methods and allows users to easily label a dataset with all of them. iFeel aims at easing the comparison of new methods with baseline approaches and can also be helpful for those interested in using sentiment analysis, allowing them to choose an appropriate sentiment analysis method that works fine for a new dataset. We also incorporate a multiple language feature to allow methods designed for specific languages to be easily compared with a baseline approach that simply translates the input data to English and run these 19 methods. We hope this system can represent an important contribution to this field. Sentiment analysis became a hot topic, specially with the amount of opinions available in social media data.With the increasing interest in this theme, several methods have been proposed in the literature. Recent effortshave showed that there is no single method that always achieves the best prediction performance for different datasets. Additionally, novel methods have not being extensively compared with other methods and across different datasets, specially methods that are not designed to the English language.Consequently, researchers tend to accept any popular method as a valid methodology to measure sentiments, a practice that is usual in science.In this context, we propose iFeel 2.0, an online web system that implements 19 sentence-level sentiment analysis methods and allows users to easily label a dataset with all of them. iFeel aims at easing the comparison of new methods with baseline approaches and can also be helpful for those interested in using sentiment analysis, allowing them to choose an appropriate sentiment analysis method that works fine for a new dataset.We also incorporate a multiple language feature to allow methods designed for specific languages to be easily compared with a baseline approach that simply translates the input data to English and run these 19 methods. We hope this system can represent an important contribution to this field.
Fetishizing Food in Digital Age: #foodporn Around the World
Authors: Mejova Yelena , Abbar Sofiane , Haddadi Hamed
Published: November 2022

What food is so good as to be considered pornographic? Worldwide, the popular #foodporn hashtag has been used to share appetizing pictures of peoples' favorite culinary experiences. But social scientists ask whether #foodporn promotes an unhealthy relationship with food, as pornography would contribute to an unrealistic view of sexuality. In this study, we examine nearly 10 million Instagram posts by 1.7 million users worldwide. An overwhelming (and uniform across the nations) obsession with chocolate and cake shows the domination of sugary dessert over local cuisines. Yet, we find encouraging traits in the association of emotion and health-related topics with #foodporn, suggesting food can serve as motivation for a healthy lifestyle. Social approval also favors the healthy posts, with users posting with healthy hashtags having an average of 1,000 more followers than those with unhealthy ones. Finally, we perform a demographic analysis which shows nation-wide trends of behavior, such as a strong relationship (r=0.51) between the GDP per capita and the attention to healthiness of their favorite food. Our results expose a new facet of food "pornography", revealing potential avenues for utilizing this precarious notion for promoting healthy lifestyles.
Cross Social Media Recommendation
Authors: Liu Xiaozhong , Xia Tian , Yu Yingying , Guo Chun , Sun Yizhou
Published: November 2022

The proliferation of rich social media data revolutionizes the way people perceive and understand the world. Unfortunately, so far, there does not exist a single social media system that efficiently globalizes users around the world. Two well-known social media systems, Twitter and Facebook, are strictly blocked in mainland China for political reasons, which means 21.97% of Internet users are excluded from these systems. Similarly, the second-largest microblogging system in the world, Sina Weibo, features a default system language of Chinese, which rules out many users from other countries. This creates what we call language, network, and culture bubbles. As a result, if we are interested in modeling the knowledge of the world, all research findings based on a single social media system (within a bubble) can be biased, and the social networks or knowledge networks generated from a single system or social community cannot fully represent people from around the world. In this study, we generate a pseudo-social heterogeneous network - Pseudo Global Social Media Network (PGSMN), which bridges the topics of Twitter and Weibo. On this network, all Weibo and Twitter nodes are interconnected via an interim knowledge layer, and user or topic nodes from Twitter can randomly walk to the nodes on Weibo (via different kinds of paths), and vice versa, which enables cross-network information recommendation and knowledge globalization.
On Unravelling Opinions of Issue Specific-Silent Users in Social Media
Authors: Gong Wei , Lim Ee-Peng , Zhu Feida , Cher Pei Hua
Published: November 2022

Social media has become a popular platform for people to share opinions. Among the social media mining research projects that study user opinions and issues, most focus on analyzing posted and shared content. They could run into the danger of non-representative findings as the opinions of users who do not post content are overlooked, which often happens in today's marketing, recommendation, and social sensing research. For a more complete and representative profiling of user opinions on various topical issues, we need to investigate the opinions of the users even when they stay silent on these issues. We call these users the issue specific-silent users (i-silent users). To study them and their opinions, we conduct an opinion survey on a set of users for two popular social media platforms, Twitter and Facebook. We further analyze their contributed personal social media data. Our main findings are that more than half of our users who are interested in issue i are i-silent users in Twitter. The same has been observed for our Facebook users. i-silent users are likely to have different opinion distribution from the users who post about i. With the ground truth user opinions from the survey, we further develop and apply opinion prediction methods to i-silent users in Twitter and Facebook using their social media data and their opinions on issues other than i.
Understanding Anti-Vaccination Attitudes in Social Media
Authors: Mitra Tanushree , Counts Scott , Pennebaker James
Published: November 2022

The anti-vaccination movement threatens public health by reducing the likelihood of disease eradication. With social media’s purported role in disseminating anti-vaccine information, it is imperative to understand the drivers of attitudes among participants involved in the vaccination debate on a communication channel critical to the movement: Twitter. Using four years of longitudinal data capturing vaccine discussions on Twitter, we identify users who persistently hold pro and anti attitudes, and those who newly adopt anti attitudes towards vaccination. After gathering each user’s entire Twitter timeline, totaling to over 3 million tweets, we explore differences in the individual narratives across the user cohorts. We find that those with long-term anti-vaccination attitudes manifest conspiratorial thinking, mistrust in government, and are resolute and in-group focused in language. New adoptees appear to be predisposed to form anti-vaccination attitudes via similar government distrust and general paranoia, but are more social and less certain than their long-term counterparts. We discuss how this apparent predisposition can interact with social media-fueled events to bring newcomers into the anti-vaccination movement. Given the strong base of conspiratorial thinking underlying anti-vaccination attitudes, we conclude by highlighting the need for alternatives to traditional methods of using authoritative sources such as the government when correcting misleading vaccination claims.
Predicting Perceived Brand Personality with Social Media
Authors: Xu Anbang , Liu Haibin , Gou Liang , Akkiraju Rama , Mahmud Jalal , Sinha Vibha , Hu Yuheng , Qiao Mu
Published: November 2022

Brand personality has been shown to affect a variety of user behaviors such as individual preferences and social interactions. Despite intensive research efforts in human personality assessment, little is known about brand personality and its relationship with social media. Leveraging the theory in marketing, we analyze how brand personality associates with its contributing factors embodied in social media. Based on the analysis of over 10K survey responses and a large corpus of social media data from 219 brands, we quantify the relative importance of factors driving brand personality. The brand personality model developed with social media data achieves predicted R2 values as high as 0.67. We conclude by illustrating how modeling brand personality can help users find brands suiting their personal characteristics and help companies manage brand perceptions.
Science, AskScience, and BadScience: On the Coexistence of Highly Related Communities
Authors: Hessel Jack , Tan Chenhao , Lee Lillian
Published: November 2022

When large social-media platforms allow users to easily formand self-organize into interest groups, highly related communities can arise. For example, the Reddit site hosts not just a group called food, but also HealthyFood, foodhacks,foodporn, and cooking, among others. Are these highly related communities created for similar classes of reasons (e.g.,to focus on a subtopic, to create a place for allegedly more “high-minded” discourse, etc.)? How do users allocate attention between such close alternatives when they are available or emerge over time? Are there different types of relations between close alternatives such as sharing many users vs. a new community drawing away members of an older one vs. a splinter group failing to cohere into a viable separate community? We investigate the interactions between highly related communities using data from reddit.com consisting of 975M posts and comments spanning an 8-year period. We identify a set of typical affixes that users adopt to create highly related communities and build a taxonomy of affixes. One interesting finding regarding users’ behavior is: after a newer community is created, for several types of highly-related community pairs, users that engage in a newer community tend to be more active in their original community than users that do not explore, even when controlling for previous level of engagement.
Distinguishing between Topical and Non-Topical Information Diffusion Mechanisms in Social Media
Authors: Grabowicz Przemyslaw , Ganguly Niloy , Gummadi Krishna
Published: November 2022

A number of recent studies of information diffusion in social media, both empirical and theoretical, have been inspired by viral propagation models derived from epidemiology. These studies model the propagation of memes, i.e., pieces of information, between users in a social network similarly to the way diseases spread in human society. Importantly, one would expect a meme to spread in a social network amongst the people who are interested in the topic of that meme. Yet, the importance of topicality for information diffusion has been less explored in the literature. Here, we study empirical data about two different types of memes (hashtags and URLs) spreading through the Twitter's online social network. For every meme, we infer its topics and for every user, we infer her topical interests. To analyze the impact of such topics on the propagation of memes, we introduce a novel theoretical framework of information diffusion. Our analysis identifies two distinct mechanisms, namely topical and non-topical, of information diffusion. The non-topical information diffusion resembles disease spreading as in simple contagion. In contrast, the topical information diffusion happens between users who are topically aligned with the information and has characteristics of omplex contagion. Non-topical memes spread broadly among all users and end up being relatively popular. Topical memes spread narrowly among users who have interests topically aligned with them and are diffused more readily after multiple exposures. Our results show that the topicality of memes and users' interests are essential for understanding and predicting information diffusion.
Tracking the Trackers: A Large-Scale Analysis of Embedded Web Trackers
Authors: Schelter Sebastian , Kunegis Jérôme
Published: November 2022

We perform a large-scale analysis of third-party trackers on the World Wide Web. We extract third-party embeddings from more than 3.5 billion web pages of the CommonCrawl 2012 corpus, and aggregate those to a dataset representing more than 41 million domains. With that, we study global online tracking on two levels: (1) On a global level, we give a precise figure for the extent of tracking, and analyse which trackers (and subsequently, which companies) are used by how many websites. (2) On a country-specific level, we analyse which trackers are used by websites in different countries, and identify the countries in which websites choose significantly different trackers than in the rest of the world. We find that trackers are widespread (as expected), and that very few trackers dominate the web (Google, Facebook and Twitter), except for a few countries such as China and Russia.
Tweets and Votes: A Four-Country Comparison of Volumetric and Sentiment Analysis Approaches
Authors: Ahmed Saifuddin , Jaidka Kokil , Skoric Marko
Published: November 2022

This study analyzes different methodological approaches followed in social media literature and their accuracy in predicting the general elections of four countries. Volumetric and unsupervised and supervised sentiment approaches are adopted for generating 12 metrics to compute predicted voteshares. The findings suggest that Twitter-based predictions can produce accurate results for elections, given the digital environment of a country. A cross-country analyses helps to evaluate the quality of predictions and the influence of different contexts, such as technological development and democratic setups. We recommend future scholars to combine volume, sentiment and network aspects of social media to model voting intentions in developing societies.
Catching Fire via "Likes": Inferring Topic Preferences of Trump Followers on Twitter
Authors: Wang Yu , Luo Jiebo , Niemi Richard , Li Yuncheng , Hu Tianran
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we propose a framework to infer the topic preferences of Donald Trump's followers on Twitter. We first use latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) to derive the weighted mixture of topics for each Trump tweet. Then we use negative binomial regression to model the "likes," with the weights of each topic serving as explanatory variables. Our study shows that attacking Democrats such as President Obama and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton earns Trump the most "likes." Our framework of inference is generalizable to the study of other politicians.