bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of diagnostic screening tests in mass screening for COPD using a cooperative regional system in a region with heavy air pollution: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kotaki Kenji , Ikeda Hisao , Fukuda Takeshi , Yuki Fumiko , Hasuo Kanehiro , Kawano Yuhei , Kawasaki Masayuki
Published: January 2017

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a cooperative healthcare model for early detection and diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional observational study. We performed diagnosis of COPD at 4 public health centres in Ōmuta, Japan from March 2015 to March 2016, by adding screening for COPD at the time of routine medical evaluations. All patients aged over 40 years were eligible to participate. Among 397 eligible patients, 293 agreed to participate in the study.

Results

The estimated prevalence of COPD in Ōmuta was 10% among patients aged over 40 years and was 17% among smokers. Among those who were screened, over half of them had questionnaire scores over the cut-off of 17 points and decreased FEV1/FVC%, indicating COPD (p>0.05). 30 patients with suspected COPD were referred for further investigation at a local central hospital, but only 6 underwent further medical examinations.

Conclusions

The combination of a COPD questionnaire and medical examination is effective as a COPD screening tool. Future research should investigate behavioural interventions for smoking cessation that can be offered in a cooperative model, as well as for improving participation in COPD screening and for encouraging early presentation for treatment in those suspected of having COPD.
Elevated mean platelet volume is associated with poor outcome after mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Peng Feng , Zheng Weihong , Li Fengli , Wang Jinjing , Liu Zhaoji , Chen Xingyu , Xiao Lulu , Sun Wen , Liu Xinfeng
Published: January 2017

Background

Elevated mean platelet volume (MPV), indicating higher platelet activity, could be a predictor of prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving medical therapy.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between MPV and functional outcome in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke 3 months after undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Methods

A total of 153 consecutive patients with acute stroke following MT, in two separate stroke centers, were enrolled between May 2013 and March 2016. MPV was measured on admission. Subjects were divided into two groups according to average MPV level. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. MPV was also incorporated into the Houston IA Therapy (HIAT) score, which was developed as a scoring system to predict poor prognosis, and the prediction capability was compared with the HIAT score alone.

Results

The average MPV was 10.4 fL. Patients with high MPV had a significantly lower rate of functional independence (28.9% vs 57.1%, p=0.000). After multivariable analysis, elevated MPV remained an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome (OR=3.93, 95% CI 1.73 to 8.94, p=0.001). When the MPV cut-off value was set at 10.4 fL using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, MPV ≥10.4 fL predicted unfavorable outcome with 62.1% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity, respectively. Addition of MPV to the HIAT score did not improve predictive power compared with the HIAT score system alone by a comparison of the areas under the two ROC curves (0.70 vs 0.62, p=0.174).

Conclusions

Elevated MPV is an independent predictor of poor outcome in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke undergoing MT at 3 months.
Is left–right symmetry the key?
Authors: Senjanović Goran
Published: January 2017

In collaboration with Jogesh Pati, Abdus Salam challenged the chiral gauge nature of the Standard Model by paving the road towards the left-right symmetric electro-weak theory. I describe here the logical and historical construction of this theory, by emphasising the pioneering and key role it played for neutrino mass. I show that it is a self-contained and predictive model with the Higgs origin of Majorana neutrino mass, in complete analogy with the SM situation regarding charged fermions.
Isotope shift calculations of Li-like neutron-rich and neutron-deficient Mg isotopes
Authors: Yu Geng-Hua , Zhao Peng-Yi , Xu Bing-Ming , Zhu Xiao-Ling , Yang Wei
Published: January 2017

The isotope shifts of the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] transitions for the Li-like neutron-rich and neutron-deficient [Formula: see text] isotopes are calculated using the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method and the relativistic configuration interaction approach. The results provided herein can be employed for the consistency check with the nuclear root-mean-square (rms) nuclear charge radii of the short-lived magnesium isotopes from the experimental isotope shifts using the corresponding transitions. The methods used here could also be applied to other few-electron Li-like systems and the analogous isotope shift results could be obtained.
How to Grow Successful Social Entrepreneurship Firms? Key Ideas from Complexity Theory
Authors: Han Mary , McKelvey Bill
Published: January 2017

Social entrepreneurship (SE) is increasingly popular in academia and practice, but unified theoretical explanations about the performance of social entrepreneurship firms (SEFs) is missing (Santos, 2012). This deficiency motivates us to theorize about SE from a complexity science perspective. We draw from complexity science to analyze and explain how SEFs emerge, achieve performance, and grow. We link complexity science with SE so as to add explanatory value as well as offering guidelines for better SEF performance toward achieving social objectives while avoiding the chasm of chaos. Our theoretical framework offers complexity insights for building effective networks, and accountability, as well as for improving trust, legitimacy, and sound governance. Drawing on complexity theory to better explain the key elements necessary for improving SEFs’ performance and growth, enhances the probability of meeting the challenge of the so-called ‘double bottom-line’: achieving continuous positive social impacts while attaining financial health.
A Tale of Three Strategic Orientations: A Moderated-Mediation Framework of the Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, and Learning Orientation on Firm Performance
Authors: Dutta Dev K. , Gupta Vishal K. , Chen Xiujian
Published: January 2017

In this study, we examine the ways in which three strategic orientations associated with the firm — entrepreneurial orientation (EO), market orientation (MO), and learning orientation (LO) — affect performance. We hypothesize and test a moderated-mediation framework relating these constructs using a panel dataset of large US retail firms over five years. Our primary finding is that LO mediates the impact of MO on performance and this relationship is strengthened under the moderating influence of EO. In other words, LO acts as a conduit through which the performance effect of MO arises and EO complements MO in terms of impact on performance.
Initiation, Progression, and Sustained Waterpipe Use: A Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study of U.S. Young Adults
Authors: Sidani Jaime E. , Shensa Ariel , Naidu Maharsi R. , Yabes Jonathan G. , Primack Brian A.
Published: January 2017

Background: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is increasing in popularity despite evidence of harm and potential for dependence. Intervention development has been hampered by a lack of longitudinal, nationally representative data on usage patterns and factors independently associated with WTS initiation. Therefore, we aimed to characterize key transitions between WTS states in a nationally representative group of young adults, with particular attention to factors independently associated with initiation.

Methods: Participants were randomly selected from a national probability-based panel representing 97% of the United States. A total of 1,785 adults ages 18 to 30 at baseline completed two Web-based surveys 18 months apart in 2013 and 2014. Assessments included knowledge of waterpipe tobacco smoke composition, positive and negative attitudes toward WTS, normative beliefs, intention to use waterpipe, and WTS behavior. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between predictive factors and subsequent WTS initiation.

Results: In fully adjusted models, overall knowledge about toxicants associated with WTS was not associated with subsequent WTS initiation. Similarly, negative attitudes and normative beliefs were not associated with WTS uptake. However, baseline positive attitudes were strongly and significantly associated with WTS initiation [adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–2.3]. Similarly, baseline intention to use WTS was strongly associated with subsequent initiation (AOR = 7.0; 95% CI, 3.5–13.7).

Conclusions: Prevention efforts may be most successful if they target individuals with clear intentions to use WTS and challenge positive attitudes surrounding WTS.

Impact: Surveillance of WTS trajectories will help inform health care and policy surrounding this emerging risk behavior among U.S. young adults. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(5); 748–55. ©2017 AACR.
Influence of Intracranial Air on Electrode Position and Clinical Outcomes following Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Bentley J. Nicole , Guan Zhe , Cummings Karen S. , Chou Kelvin L. , Patil Parag G.
Published: January 2017

Background: The introduction of intracranial air during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is believed to negatively impact targeting accuracy and clinical outcomes. Objective: To quantify the relationship between intracranial air (ICA) volumes, targeting accuracy, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS for Parkinson's disease. Methods: ICA in 73 consecutive STN DBS cases (146 leads) was measured by high-resolution CT and correlated with proximal lead bowing, electrode displacement, targeting accuracy, and clinical outcomes at 6 and 12 months. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation of ICA volume (mean ± SEM: 21.3 ± 13.7 cm3) and proximal lead bowing (2.8 ± 1.4 mm, r = 0.34, p = 0.01). There was no significant correlation of ICA with targeting error (2.0 ± 1.2 mm), distal contact deviation (1.2 ± 0.7 mm), motor Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III improvement at 6 months (42.3 ± 4.5%) or 12 months (30.3 ± 7.7%), or dopaminergic medication reduction at 6 months (44.7± 4.2%) or 12 months (32.9 ± 5.9%). Comparison of top and bottom ICA quintile extremes also revealed no differences in these measures. Conclusions: Though the proximal DBS lead bends in association with ICA, movement of the distal contact, targeting error, and clinical outcomes are not affected by ICA. This unexpected finding is maintained at ICA quintile extremes.
Outcomes when Switching from a pro re nata Regimen to a Treat and Extend Regimen Using Aflibercept in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Giannakaki-Zimmermann Helena , Ebneter Andreas , Munk Marion R. , Wolf Sebastian , Zinkernagel Martin S.
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To investigate outcomes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) switched from a pro re nata regimen (PRN) to a treat and extend regimen (TER) under aflibercept. Procedure: Thirty-two patients were observed over 2 years: the first year on PRN and the second year on TER. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) were evaluated. Intra- and subretinal fluid as well as the number of visits and injections were assessed. Results: Both regimens resulted in a stable BCVA. Patients in TER had a significant decrease of CRT after 1 year compared to 1 year of treatment on PRN (p < 0.0001). TER resulted in significantly less visits; however, significantly more injections were observed over the course of 1 year compared to PRN (10.25 vs. 7.5, p < 0.0001 and 5.97 vs. 7.5, p = 0.0002, respectively). Conclusion: A switch from PRN to TER in patients treated with aflibercept for AMD appears to be safe.
Right Ventricular Structure and Function Are Associated With Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Chatterjee Neal A. , Shah Ravi V. , Murthy Venkatesh L. , Praestgaard Amy , Shah Sanjiv J. , Ventetuolo Corey E. , Barr R. Graham , Kronmal Richard , Lima Joao A.C. , Bluemke David A. , Jerosch-Herold Michael , Alonso Alvaro , Kawut Steven M.
Published: January 2017

Background—

Right ventricular (RV) morphology has been associated with drivers of atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, including left ventricular and pulmonary pathology, systemic inflammation, and neurohormonal activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RV morphology and risk of incident AF.

Methods and Results—

We interpreted cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in 4204 participants free of clinical cardiovascular disease in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Incident AF was determined using hospital discharge records, study electrocardiograms, and Medicare claims data. The study sample (n=3819) was 61±10 years old and 47% male with 47.2% current/former smokers. After adjustment for demographics and clinical factors, including incident heart failure, higher RV ejection fraction (hazard ratio, 1.16 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.32;
P
=0.02) and greater RV mass (hazard ratio, 1.25 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.44;
P
=0.002) were significantly associated with incident AF. After additional adjustment for the respective left ventricular parameter, higher RV ejection fraction remained significantly associated with incident AF (hazard ratio, 1.15 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.32;
P
=0.04), whereas the association was attenuated for RV mass (hazard ratio, 1.16 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 0.99–1.35;
P
=0.07). In a subset of patients with available spirometry (n=2540), higher RV ejection fraction and mass remained significantly associated with incident AF after additional adjustment for lung function (
P
=0.02 for both).

Conclusions—

Higher RV ejection fraction and greater RV mass were associated with an increased risk of AF in a multiethnic population free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline.
Population-Based Long-Term Cardiac-Specific Mortality Among 34 489 Five-Year Survivors of Childhood Cancer in Great Britain
Authors: Fidler Miranda M. , Reulen Raoul C. , Henson Katherine , Kelly Julie , Cutter David , Levitt Gill A. , Frobisher Clare , Winter David L. , Hawkins Michael M.
Published: January 2017

Background:

Increased risks of cardiac morbidity and mortality among childhood cancer survivors have been described previously. However, little is known about the very long-term risks of cardiac mortality and whether the risk has decreased among those more recently diagnosed. We investigated the risk of long-term cardiac mortality among survivors within the recently extended British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Methods:

The British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study is a population-based cohort of 34 489 five-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed from 1940 to 2006 and followed up until February 28, 2014, and is the largest cohort to date to assess late cardiac mortality. Standardized mortality ratios and absolute excess risks were used to quantify cardiac mortality excess risk. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the simultaneous effect of risk factors. Likelihood ratio tests were used to test for heterogeneity and trends.

Results:

Overall, 181 cardiac deaths were observed, which was 3.4 times that expected. Survivors were 2.5 times and 5.9 times more at risk of ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy/heart failure death, respectively, than expected. Among those >60 years of age, subsequent primary neoplasms, cardiac disease, and other circulatory conditions accounted for 31%, 22%, and 15% of all excess deaths, respectively, providing clear focus for preventive interventions. The risk of both overall cardiac and cardiomyopathy/heart failure mortality was greatest among those diagnosed from 1980 to 1989. Specifically, for cardiomyopathy/heart failure deaths, survivors diagnosed from 1980 to 1989 had 28.9 times the excess number of deaths observed for survivors diagnosed either before 1970 or from 1990 on.

Conclusions:

Excess cardiac mortality among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer remains increased beyond 50 years of age and has clear messages in terms of prevention strategies. However, the fact that the risk was greatest in those diagnosed from 1980 to 1989 suggests that initiatives to reduce cardiotoxicity among those treated more recently may be having a measurable impact.
Stroke as the Initial Manifestation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lubitz Steven A. , Yin Xiaoyan , McManus David D. , Weng Lu-Chen , Aparicio Hugo J. , Walkey Allan J. , Rafael Romero Jose , Kase Carlos S. , Ellinor Patrick T. , Wolf Philip A. , Seshadri Sudha , Benjamin Emelia J.
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose—

To prevent strokes that may occur as the first manifestation of atrial fibrillation (AF), screening programs have been proposed to identify patients with undiagnosed AF who may be eligible for treatment with anticoagulation. However, the frequency with which patients with AF present with stroke as the initial manifestation of the arrhythmia is unknown.

Methods—

We estimated the frequency with which AF may present as a stroke in 1809 community-based Framingham Heart Study participants with first-detected AF and without previous strokes, by tabulating the frequencies of strokes occurring on the same day, within 30 days before, 90 days before, and 365 days before first-detected AF. Using previously reported AF incidence rates, we estimated the incidence of strokes that may represent the initial manifestation of AF.

Results—

We observed 87 strokes that occurred ≤1 year before AF detection, corresponding to 1.7% on the same day, 3.4% within 30 days before, 3.7% within 90 days before, and 4.8% ≤1 year before AF detection. We estimated that strokes may present as the initial manifestation of AF at a rate of 2 to 5 per 10 000 person-years, in both men and women.

Conclusions—

We observed that stroke is an uncommon but measureable presenting feature of AF. Our data imply that emphasizing cost-effectiveness of population-wide AF-screening efforts will be important given the relative infrequency with which stroke represents the initial manifestation of AF.
BE-FAST (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time)
Authors: Aroor Sushanth , Singh Rajpreet , Goldstein Larry B.
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose—

The FAST algorithm (Face, Arm, Speech, Time) helps identify persons having an acute stroke. We determined the proportion of patients with acute ischemic stroke not captured by FAST and evaluated a revised mnemonic.

Methods—

Records of all patients admitted to the University of Kentucky Stroke Center between January and December 2014 with a discharge
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
code for acute ischemic stroke were reviewed. Those misclassified, having missing National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale data, or were comatose or intubated were excluded. Presenting symptoms, demographics, and examination findings based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale data were abstracted.

Results—

Of 858 consecutive records identified, 736 met inclusion criteria; 14.1% did not have any FAST symptoms at presentation. Of these, 42% had gait imbalance or leg weakness, 40% visual symptoms, and 70% either symptom. With their addition, the proportion of stroke patients not identified was reduced to 4.4% (
P
<0.0001). In a sensitivity analysis, if face weakness, arm weakness, or speech impairment on admission examination were considered in addition to a history of FAST symptoms, the proportion missed was reduced to 9.9% (
P
=0.0010). The proportion of stroke patients not identified was also reduced (2.6%) with the addition of a history of gait imbalance/leg weakness or visual symptoms (
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions—

Of patients with ischemic stroke with deficits potentially amenable to acute intervention, 14% are not identified using FAST. The inclusion of gait/leg and visual symptoms leads to a reduction in missed strokes. If validated in a prospective study, a revision of public educational programs may be warranted.
Modernity in “Antique Lands”
Authors: McDougall James
Published: January 2017

The critiques of modernity advanced since at least the 1980s have seldom focused on North Africa/the Maghrib, where Europe and non-Europe impinge so closely on each other. Nor have they often allowed us to recover an historical account of the making of modernity as a global condition, beyond the largely dichotomous or bifurcating categories introduced by modern relations of power and unequal exchange themselves. As an introduction to this collection of articles, this essay sketches what I call a “tectonic” approach to modernity as an historical process, with the aim of recapturing the dynamics by which, between the late eighteenth century and the mid-nineteenth, differently located people and places came to occupy divergent positions both in socioeconomic and political structures and in narratives of “modern” history.
Notes on the thermal ecology of Testudo hermanni hermanni in Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)
Authors: Ortega Zaida , Mencía Abraham , Pérez-Mellado Valentín
Published: January 2017

We studied the thermal ecology of Testudo hermanni hermanni in Menorca during late spring. We measured body temperatures of adult individuals, together with air and substrate temperatures at points of capture. Sunlight exposure (full sun, filtered sun, or shade) and type of substrate were also recorded. Body temperatures were similar between sexes (mean = 29.95°C) as were air temperatures between gender capture sites (mean = 28.33°C). Conversely, females were found in areas with a higher substrate temperature (31.60°C) than males were (29.15°C). Moreover, the correlation between body and air temperatures was stronger than it was between body and substrate temperatures, as found in other populations of this species. The tortoises were usually found in full sun, and the proportion of animals found in each sunlight category was similar between sexes. Our results contribute to the knowledge of the thermal ecology of the western Hermann’s tortoise.
The sensory ecology of prey detection in the bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis)
Authors: Renda S. , le Roux A.
Published: January 2017

In the absence of direct sunlight, nocturnal animals face sensory challenges different to those affecting their diurnal counterparts whilst foraging. Anecdotal observations have led to the general prediction that the auditory sensory mode is the most prominent for the bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis), a nocturnal, insectivorous canid. The present study aimed to clarify the relative importance of different sensory modes to foraging bat-eared foxes by conducting sensory trials with individuals belonging to a habituated population in the Kuruman River Reserve in South Africa. Foxes were tested in repeated trials controlling for particular sensory stimuli using live or pre-killed prey. Auditory cues proved significant () predictors of fox foraging success with olfactory and visual cues indicated as being of secondary importance. This study thus provides empirical confirmation for anecdotal reports that the bat-eared fox is predominantly reliant on auditory cues to determine hunting success.
Article 12 of the Directive 2013/48/eu: A Starting Point for Discussion on a Common Understanding of the Criteria for Effective Remedies of Violation of the Right to Counsel
Authors: Soo Anneli
Published: January 2017

This article analyses the content of Article 12 para. 1 of Directive 2013/48/eu on remedies for violations of the right to access to a lawyer, and argues that the current formulation is very vague. The article predicts that due to inherent and cultural differences, and ‘remedial deterrence’, there is unlikely to be common practice on remedies for violation of the right to counsel among Member States unless the European Court of Justice gives further guidelines. As the exercise of a right depends on remedies, this will potentially lead to substantial divergence in how the right to counsel is employed in the daily practice of the Member States. Therefore, it is argued that in order to enhance the right to counsel the Member States should start discussions on a common understanding of the criteria for effective remedies for violation of this right in advance of further guidance from the Court.
A new name and a new combination for Friedmannia nom. illeg. (Hypoxidaceae)
Authors: KOCYAN ALEXANDER , WILAND-SZYMAŃSKA JUSTYNA
Published: January 2017

Recently, Kocyan & Wiland-Szymańska (2016) have published a thorough research article on one of the outstanding members of the family Hypoxidaceae on the Seychelles, which resulted in the raise of a new genus (Friedmannia Kocyan & Wiland-Szymańska 2016: 60) to accommodate the former Curculigo seychellensis Bojer ex Baker (1877: 368). However, it has turned out that the name Friedmannia Chantanachat & Bold (1962: 45) already exists in literature for a green alga, which renders the new hypoxid genus illegitimate (Melbourne Code; McNeill et al. 2012). Therefore, we assign a new generic epithet to Curculigo seychellensis.
Prunus gyirongensis, a new name for Padus integrifolia (Rosaceae)
Authors: TONG YIHUA , XIA NIANHE
Published: January 2017

Prunus Linnaeus (1753: 473) s.l. consists of approximately 250 species distributed across the Northern Hemisphere and into the subtropics and tropics (Wen et al. 2008). In the long taxonomic history of this genus, there are two main opinions: some botanists inclined to split Prunus s.l. into multiple genera (Yu et al. 1986, Takhtajan 1997, Lu et al. 2003), while the others maintained the genus Prunus s.l. and recognized groups at sectional or subgenera levels (Chin et al. 2010, Shi et al. 2013, Eisenman 2015).
Two Pseudoliodine genera Dermatohomoeus Hlisnikovský and Pseudcolenis Reitter (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Leiodinae) in Korea, with a description of Pseudcolenis hoshinai new species
Authors: PARK SUN-JAE , AHN KEE-JEONG
Published: January 2017

A taxonomic study of two Korean pseudoliodine genera, Dermatohomoeus Hlisnikovský and Pseudcolenis Reitter, is presented. Two genera and three species are recognized. One new species (Pseudcolenis hoshinai Park & Ahn) is described. Dermatohomoeus terrenus (Hisamatsu) is reported for the first time in the Korean peninsula. Pseudcolenis hilleri Reitter is new to South Korea. A key for the genera and species, description of the new species, and illustrations of diagnostic characters are presented.
Uzus a praktyka leksykograficzna (na przykładzie czasownika dedykować we współczesnej polszczyźnie)
Authors: Biesaga Monika
Published: January 2017

Usage and lexicographical practice (example of the verb dedykować ‘to dedicate’ in modern Polish)The purpose of this paper is to analyze the contemporary usage of the Polish verb dedykować (to dedicate) and its participle dedykowany (dedicated). Dur­ing last few years under the influence of English semantics and pragmatics this verb became one of the most popular words in the Polish marketing and IT jargon. The data provided by the National Corpus of Polish enables to state that the contemporary usage of the verb differs significantly from the semantic description published in the dictionaries of Polish. Therefore the scope of this paper is to promote the corpus driven approach to the lexicography. Since the new meaning of the analyzed verb is an English borrowing the paper deals also with the problem of adjusting English morphological patterns to the rules of Slavic verbal inflexion. As it can be observed in the text this gram­matical divergence leads in the case of new borrowings to the widely diversified and unstable language usage. Uzus a praktyka leksykograficzna (na przykładzie czasownika dedykować we współczesnej polszczyźnie)Celem artykułu jest analiza występujących we współczesnej polszczyźnie użyć czasownika dedykować. Szczególną uwagę językoznawców zwróciły w jego przypadku neologizmy semantyczne typu dedykowany, których nowe znaczenie, znamienne dla języka marketingu oraz profesjolektu informatycznego, zapożyczone zostało z języka angielskiego. Dane korpusowe umożliwiły stwierdzenie, że czasownik ten używany jest również w innych znaczeniach, nieoddanych dotychczas w odpowiedni sposób w słownikach współczesnego języka polskiego, zaś same neosemantyzmy cechuje niezwykle rozchwiany pod względem semantycznym oraz składniowym uzus.
Wpływy polskie w jidysz według "History of the Yiddish Language" Maxa Weinreicha – przegląd i próby weryfikacji
Authors: Gajek Michał
Published: January 2017

Polish influence on Yiddish as described in Max Weinreich’s History of the Yiddish Language – overview and attempts at verificationThe Article concentrates on the findings regarding Slavic influence on Yiddish, described in the newest English-language edition of Max Weinreich’s History of the Yiddish Language – a canonical title for modern Yiddish studies. Its first task is to acquaint Polish readers with M. Weinreich’s propositions and findings on the general character of Polish-Yiddish and Slavic-Yiddish language contact. This will also be taken as an opportunity to briefly review the research on this subject conducted by Polish scholars. Additionally, the article will elaborate (albeit not exhaustively) on the attempts to question and verify M. Weinreich’s theories which may prove interesting from the point of view of Slavic studies. Its second, equally important task is to describe chosen examples of the results of Slavic influence, in which Polish played a significant role, as they present themselves in the lexicon, morphology, word formation and syntax of Yiddish. Wpływy polskie w jidysz według History of the Yiddish Language Maxa Weinreicha – przegląd i próby weryfikacjiArtykuł skupia się na ustaleniach na temat wpływów słowiańskich w jidysz, zawartych w najnowszym, anglojęzycznym wydaniu pracy Maxa Weinreicha pt. History of the Yiddish Language, mającej status pozycji kanonicznej współczesnej jidyszystyki. Jego pierwszym celem jest przybliżenie polskiemu czytelnikowi tez i ustaleń M. Weinreicha, dotyczących ogólnego charakteru językowych kontaktów polsko- i słowiańsko-żydowskich. Przy tej okazji uwzględnione zostaną informacje na temat badań, jakie do tej pory poczynili w tej materii językoznawcy polscy. Ponadto (niewyczerpująco) poruszona zostanie kwestia prób weryfikacji i podważenia jego twierdzeń, interesująca z punktu widzenia slawistyki. Drugim, nie mniej ważnym zadaniem jest przedstawienie wybranych wpływów słowiańskich, w których niemały udział miała polszczyzna, w poszczególnych podsystemach języka jidysz: leksyce, morfologii i słowotwórstwie oraz składni.
Скрытые категории русского языка и формирование синтаксического «запрета»: к постановке проблемы
Authors: Гордиевская [Gordievskaia] Мария [Mariia] Львовна [L'vovna]
Published: January 2017

Covert categories of the Russian language and formation of “syntactic prohibitions”: formulating the problemThe paper covers various deviations from rules and anomalies in syntactical constructions of the Russian language, lacunas in syntactic paradigms determined by a number of covert categories (cryptotypes). Among the covert categories that are revealed based on an analysis of atypical syntactic usages or syntactic gaps which I dub “syntactic prohibitions” are: controlled vs. uncontrolled actions, dependence vs. independence, activity vs. inaction, and version. One of the sources allowing to identify these syntactic gaps have been erroneous Russian sentences constructed by foreign students of Russian. Covert categories of the Russian language have usually been discovered by comparison with overt categories (phenotypes) in other languages. The present article offers a preliminary analysis of the use of lacunas in syntax paradigms as another method, besides the comparative one, of revealing covert categories in Russian. Ukryte kategorie języka rosyjskiego a powstawanie „zakazów składniowych”: ku postawieniu problemuArtykuł traktuje o odstępstwach od zasad i anomaliach obecnych w konstrukcjach składniowych języka rosyjskiego – o lukach w paradygmatach składniowych, będących wynikiem działania szeregu ukrytych kategorii (kryptotypów). Wśród ukrytych kategorii ujawnionych dzięki analizie nietypowych konstrukcji – czy też „zakazów” – składniowych są: kontrolowalność i niekontrolowalność, zależność i niezależność, aktywność i inercyjność oraz wersja. Jednym ze źródeł pozwalających na rozpoznanie owych „zakazów” były błędne zdania formułowane w języku rosyjskim przez uczące się go osoby obcojęzyczne. Ukryte kategorie języka rosyjskiego ujawniono zwykle przez porównywanie jego zasad z jawnymi kategoriami (fenotypami) innych języków. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wstępną próbę zastosowania analizy luk w paradygmatach składniowych jako innej niż porównawcza metody ujawniana ukrytych kategorii języka rosyjskiego.
Современные славянские языки в академической славистике: процессы, тенденции, коммуникация и деривация. Rec.: „Specyfika leksyki i słowotwórstwa języków słowiańskich na przełomie XX i XXI wieku" („Prace Slawistyczne – Slavica", 136), red. Zofia Rudnik-Karwatowa, Slawistyczny Ośrodek Wydawniczy, Warszawa 2012, 188 ss.
Authors: Кульпина [Kul'pina] Валентина [Valentina] Г. [G.] , Татаринов [Tatarinov] Виктор [Viktor] А. [A.]
Published: January 2017

Modern Slavic languages and academic Slavic Studies: processes, tendencies, communication and derivation (review)The article is a review of the volume Specyfika leksyki i słowotwórstwa języków słowiańskich na przełomie XX i XXI wieku (“Prace Slawistyczne – Slavica” series, vol. 136), ed. Zofia Rudnik-Karwatowa, Slawistyczny Ośrodek Wydawniczy, Warszawa 2012, 188 pp. Współczesne języki słowiańskie a akademicka slawistyka: procesy, tendencje, komunikacja i derywacja (recenzja)Artykuł stanowi recenzję pracy Specyfika leksyki i słowotwórstwa języków słowiańskich na przełomie XX i XXI wieku („Prace Slawistyczne – Slavica”, 136), red. Zofia Rudnik-Karwatowa, Slawistyczny Ośrodek Wydawniczy, Warszawa 2012, 188 ss.
Rec.: Ewa Golachowska, „Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku", Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa 2012, 195 ss.
Authors: Walczak Bogdan
Published: January 2017

Review: Ewa Golachowska, Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa 2012, 195 pp.Review of Ewa Golachowska’s book about the multilingualism among Belarusian Catholics at the turn of the 21st century: Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa 2012. Rec.: Ewa Golachowska, Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa 2012, 195 ss.Recenzja książki Ewy Golachowskiej Jak mówić do Pana Boga? Wielojęzyczność katolików na Białorusi na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa 2012.
Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa "Мови Європи в стані оновлення" (Kijów, 20-21 kwietnia 2016)
Authors: Banasiak Jakub
Published: January 2017

International scientific conference Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kiev, 20–21 April 2016)The article is a report from an international scientific conference, organised on 20–21 April 2016 in Kiev by the Institute of the Ukrainian Language, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The conference, entitled Мови Європи в стані оновлення, was devoted to innovations in European languages, including especially the Slavic languages. Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kijów, 20–21 kwietnia 2016)Artykuł stanowi relację z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej w dniach 20–21 kwietnia 2016 roku w Kijowie przez Instytut Języka Ukraińskiego Narodowej Akademii Nauk Ukrainy. Konferencja, zatytułowana Мови Європи в стані оновлення, poświęcona była innowacjom w językach Europy, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem języków słowiańskich.
The Analyst's Mistakes
Authors: Chused Judith Fingert , Raphling David L.
Published: January 2017

The analyst's mistakes are an inevitable aspect of his conduct of psychoanalysis. They result from the inherent uncertainties and ambiguities of the analytic process itself, and from the continuing effect upon analytic technique of the analyst's unresolved conflicts, as manifested in countertransference attitudes and enactments. Variables of clinical experience, skill, and the vicissitudes of the analyst's life also contribute to the susceptibility to error. When the analyst's mistakes result from his active engagement in the psychoanalytic process, they yield important clues for understanding clinical material as well as present potential obstacles to analytic progress.
Interpretive Methodology: Some Problems, Limitations, and Remedial Strategies
Authors: Rubovits-Seitz Philip
Published: January 2017

Clinical interpretation is difficult and fallible. Basic methodologic problems make errors inevitable in interpretive work. This report reviews some of the major problems and limitations of interpretive methodology, and describes remedial strategies for dealing with them, i.e., “learning from error” by use of error-detecting, error-correcting, and validating procedures.
The Analyst's Style and its Impact on the Analytic Process: Overcoming a Patient-Analyst Stalemate
Authors: Kantrowitz Judy L.
Published: January 2017

Analysts have characteristic styles in working with their patients. At times of crisis or stalemate, an alteration in style may facilitate the progress of the treatment. To illustrate the impeding effects of an analytic style at a particular phase of analysis, I describe a stalemate in the analysis of a severely self-critical patient. Recognition of the limiting effects of style on the treatment became apparent in a countertransference enactment, influenced by the patient-analyst match. Self-analysis and alteration in the characteristic style of the analyst resolved the stalemate and enabled the analytic work to progress.
The Mental Organization of Primitive Personalities and its Treatment Implications
Authors: Robbins Michael
Published: January 2017

A description is presented of the mental organization of primitive personalities (American borderlines, British paranoid-schizoid), as well as a generic course of analytic therapy I have sometimes experienced with them. Their mental organization may be qualitatively rather than quantitatively different from that of less disturbed persons. The differences are mostly attributable to a rudimentary psychic differentiation and integration, and compensatory pathological relationships. This configuration is hypothesized to have a unique developmental course, originating from a combination of constitutional factors and adaptation to a pathogenic interpersonal environment. Failure to appreciate the qualitative differences between the minds of the analyst and his less disturbed patients, on the one hand, and the mind of the primitive personality, on the other, may lead the analyst to employ unsuitable modes of analytic intervention with unfortunate consequences.
Metalinguistic Analysis of Therapeutic Discourse: Flight into a Second Language When the Analyst and the Analysand Are Multilingual
Authors: Movahedi Siamak
Published: January 2017

The choice of a particular language for the conduct of analysis becomes an important theoretical and clinical question when both the analyst and the analysand are multilingual and share the same languages. Shift from one language into another language during analysis is an equally important question. This paper offers an analysis of the flight into a second language by both the analysand and the analyst within the transference-countertransference matrix. The focus of the discussion is the communicative nature of the mother tongue vis-à-vis a second language. The author argues that unconscious fantasies and memories of early childhood experiences are built into the mother tongue and are brought to life in the analytic dialogue by way of that language. Shift into a second language is viewed as primarily defensive in nature. It is, however, noted that a second language may at times provide the only space where the analyst can meet the patient out of reach of certain personal and cultural ghosts. Finally, since the mother tongue is viewed as the preverbal register of the transitional space, it is suggested that the working through of preoedipal issues be ultimately carried out in that language.
A Classic Revisited: Loewald on the Therapeutic Action of Psychoanalysis
Authors: Fogel Gerald I. , Tyson Phyllis , Greenberg Jay , McLaughlin James T. , Peyser Ellen R.
Published: January 2017

Versions of the following papers were presented at the panel “Psychoanalytic Classics Revisited: Hans Loewald's ‘On the Therapeutic Action of Psychoanalysis’” (Gerald I. Fogel, chair) at the meetings of the American Psychoanalytic Association, December 1993. As a tribute to Loewald's lifetime of achievement, and in belated recognition of his preeminent position in the field of psychoanalysis, the exchange appears here almost in its entirety, rather than as a conventional panel report.
Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients Given Dexmedetomidine in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Guven Damla Guclu , Demiraran Yavuzw , Sezen Gulbin , Kepek Okkes , Iskender Abdulkadir
Published: January 2017

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (DEX) on hemodynamic parameters and on surgeon and patient satisfaction during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods:

Forty patients who were to undergo FESS were enrolled in this randomized, prospective, controlled study. In the DEX group, conscious sedation was induced with an infusion of 1 μg/kg of DEX 10 minutes before surgery, followed by an infusion of DEX at 0.2 μg/kg per hour. A control group was given identical amounts of saline solution. During the procedure, hemodynamic data were recorded. The patients evaluated their pain on a visual analog scale (VAS). Intraoperative bleeding was rated on a 6-point scale for evaluation of operative field visibility.

Results:

We observed that the DEX group had lower bleeding scores (p = 0.019). The heart rates were lower in the DEX group at the time of induction (p = 0.052) and in the 1st (p = 0.009) and 20th minutes (p = 0.039) of induction. The mean blood pressure values were lower in the DEX group in the 5th (p < 0.001), 45th (p = 0.003), and 60th (p = 0.05) minutes of induction. The VAS score was lower in the DEX group in the 30th postoperative minute (p = 0.001); however, the VAS score was lower in the control group after the 12th hour (p < 0.001). Postoperative side effects such as nausea, tachycardia, hypotension, and vomiting were significantly less frequent in the DEX group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

We observed that the intraoperative bleeding, hemodynamic stability, and VAS scores were better and the side effects were less frequent in the DEX group.
Otosclerosis: Thirty-Year Follow-Up After Surgery
Authors: Dahlin Redfors Ylva , Möller Claes
Published: January 2017

Objectives:

The aims of this study were to evaluate the hearing outcomes 28 to 30 years after stapedectomy in patients with surgically confirmed otosclerosis, and to evaluate inner ear involvement.

Methods:

A retrospective clinical study was performed. Sixty-five consecutive patients who underwent stapedectomy at a tertiary referral center between 1977 and 1979 were included in the study. Medical records, including preoperative and postoperative audiograms, were reviewed, and a long-term follow-up clinical examination and pure tone audiometry were performed. The hearing outcome was compared with that of a reference population (ISO 7029) in terms of age and gender.

Results:

Thirty years after stapedectomy, 66% of the patients' ears studied showed a moderate to profound hearing loss. The deterioration was mainly caused by a sensory hearing loss. The hearing loss was significantly greater than that in the reference population for both air and bone conduction thresholds at the early and late stages of the disease. A large majority of the patients (88%) had bilateral otosclerosis.

Conclusions:

Patients with otosclerosis have a sensorineural hearing loss that cannot be explained by age. Otosclerosis should be regarded as a middle and inner ear disease. Almost all patients with otosclerosis are in need of ongoing audio-logical rehabilitation and hearing aids.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Pediatric Bilateral Vocal Fold Dysfunction
Authors: Steiner Joel I. , Fink A. Michelle , Berkowitz Robert G.
Published: January 2017

Objectives:

We studied the findings of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in infants with idiopathic congenital bilateral vocal fold dysfunction (CBVFD).

Methods:

We performed a retrospective investigation of a case series.

Results:

We identified 26 children (14 male, 12 female) over 11 years. Three children were excluded. Thirteen patients required airway interventions, including continuous positive airway pressure (4 patients), endotracheal intubation (1), and tracheostomy (8). The findings on brain MRI were abnormal in 8 patients (35%). Tracheostomy was required in 3 patients (38%) with abnormal MRI findings, as compared with 5 of 15 patients (33%) with normal MRI findings. The MRI abnormalities involved evidence of white matter injury (2), abnormal white matter signal (1), subdural blood (3), cerebral swelling (1), and perisylvian polymicrogyria (1). The cranial ultrasound findings were abnormal in 4 of 11 patients. The MRI findings were abnormal in 2 of 7 children in whom the cranial ultrasound findings were normal, and in 2 of the 4 patients in whom the cranial ultrasound findings were abnormal.

Conclusions:

The MRI abnormalities were nonspecific; however, they may indicate unrecognized perinatal intracranial injury as being related to CBVFD. In addition, MRI may reveal an underlying structural brain anomaly. Cranial ultrasound has poor sensitivity and specificity. Hence, MRI should be considered as part of the routine assessment of neonates with CBVFD.