bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistema comunal, trabajo y reproducción ampliada de la vida: hacia formas alternativas de producir y vivir. Un estudio de caso en Santiago del Estero, Argentina
Authors: Suárez María Victoria
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la complementariedad e integralidad entre los aspectos económicos, productivos y no económicos (particularmente sociales-afectivos) en Colonia Jaime, identificando el proceso cotidiano que transforma lo individual en colectivo y en qué medida esta dinámica hace posible el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas comunales sin romper su propia esencia. El trabajo gira en torno a dos cuestiones centrales: 1) qué significa permanecer juntos para beneficiarse del trabajo común en Colonia Jaime y 2) cómo se manifiestan en el trabajo productivo cotidiano los procesos de apropiación colectiva de las herramientas y tecnologías que son por naturaleza individuales. Estas dos cuestiones entregan elementos conceptuales que permiten comprender cómo el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas no implica necesariamente la disolución del sistema comunal, sino que por el contrario lo potencia y reafirma, aunque siempre reconociendo la presencia de contradicciones, tensiones y conflictos al interior de la propia comunidad. Colonia Jaime muestra otra forma de producir alimento y de vivir que escapa al ordenamiento que le asigna la lógica capitalista. Los ejemplos extraídos, muestran que la teoría del valor es pensada desde la coproducción y colaboración entre hombre y naturaleza y entre los mismos hombres. La estrategia metodológica reúne tres aspectos principales: análisis de fuentes documentales; entrevistas y observación participante.
Estado de pastos marinos en dos playas de la cayería norte, antes y después del paso del huracán Irma por la provincia de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
Authors: Cruz Pérez Claudia M. , Bustamante López Claudia , Hernández Fernández Leslie
Published: December 2019

Los pastos marinos están considerados entre los ecosistemas más productivos de la biosfera. En la cayería norte de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila presentaron daños en su estructura y composición debido a la incidencia del huracán Irma. Luego del paso de este fenómeno, se evaluó el estado de los pastos marinos en playas Las Coloradas y El Paso, en noviembre de 2017, sobre la base de una caracterización realizada en junio de 2017. Para ambos muestreos, se ubicaron tres transectos de 50 m paralelos a la costa; en cada uno de ellos se situaron 12 marcos de 0.25 m2. La angiosperma marina predominante fue T. testudinum, en menor proporción S. filiforme. Se identificaron 25 especies de macroalgas y 4 de corales pétreos. Entre los invertebrados predominaron las especies O. reticulatus y L. gigas. Los peces de mayor abundancia fueron H. bivittatus y G. cinereus. En noviembre desapareció S. filiforme, disminuyó la diversidad de invertebrados y no se registró ictiofauna. El huracán Irma fue un evento meteorológico extremo que cambió la composición y estructura de las praderas de pastos marinos en los sitios de playa Las Coloradas y El Paso, al incidir en la disminución de la abundancia relativa y la densidad de vástagos de T. testudinum y afectar la altura del dosel y el porcentaje de epifitismo de esta especie, así como en la reducción de la fauna asociada. Se debe continuar el monitoreo de los sitios de pastos marinos, con el fin de estudiar su nivel de recuperación en el tiempo.
Comparative apical sealing evaluation of two bioceramic endodontic sealers
Authors: Chisnoiu Radu , Moldovan Marioara , Chisnoiu Andrea , Hrab Dana , Rotaru Doina , Păstrav Ovidiu , Delean Ada
Published: December 2019

Aim. The current study aims to evaluate, using scanning electronic microscopy, the sealing ability of two bioceramic endodontic sealers, one consecrated and one experimental.

Methods. Twenty monoradicular teeth were included in the study. The teeth were endodontically prepared at the working length. The shaping and cleaning involved the use of chelating gel MM EDTA 19% and continuous irrigation with sodium hypochlorite 2.5%. The radicular filling was performed using gutta-percha in association with a sealer. Ten teeth were filled with consecrated endodontic filling material and the others ten with the experimental bioceramic based sealer

Results. The evaluation of the sealers using SEM analysis allowed the identification and the measurement of gaps on the radicular dentin/sealer interface and the degree of apical sealing ability. No significant statistical difference was observed between the gap dimensions in the three areas for the tested bioceramic materials (p<0.005). In the apical region a homogenous layer with extensions intersecting the hybrid layer was observed when the experimental bioceramic sealer was used. In case of teeth filled with commercial sealer, peripheral hybrid extended areas were identified. 

Conclusions. The two bioceramic sealers presented similar apical sealing. Gaps were identified in both sealers but also the presence of hybrid layer was identified.
Periodontal evaluation using a non-invasive imaging method (ultrasonography)
Authors: Chifor Radu , Badea Alexandru Florin , Chifor Ioana , Mitrea Delia-Alexandrina , Crisan Maria , Badea Mindra Eugenia
Published: December 2019

The periodontal disease and gingival bleeding are highly prevalent in the adult population worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) data shows that 90–100% of the 34-year-old adults present gingival inflammation. Therefore, an investigation method is required to allow the assessment of the periodontal disease as well as the monitoring of the evolution of the gingival inflammation after periodontal treatments. Non-invasive and operator-independent methods for periodontal examination are necessary for diagnosing and monitoring the periodontal disease. The periodontal ultrasonography is a reliable technique for visualizing the anatomical elements which are necessary to diagnose the periodontal status. Using this imaging technique the dentino-enamel junction, the cortical bone, the radicular surface from the crown to the alveolar bone, the gingival tissue can be seen without interfering with those elements during the examination. Also, calculus visualization is possible before and after scaling in order to evaluate the quality of the treatment.

Using 2D ultrasonography is not feasible in dental practice as it requires extensive experience and is also time consuming. The reproducibility of the 2D slices is very difficult in order to have the possibility to compare different investigations efficiently. 3D reconstructions of the periodontal tissue can be a very good alternative to eliminate the operator dependence.

Ultrasonography allows the practitioner to visualize the anatomic elements involved in making a periodontal diagnosis. It also allows tracking of subsequent changes. This method is not commonly used for periodontal examination and further studies are required. Previous studies show that ultrasonography can be a reliable non-invasive method to diagnose and monitor the periodontal disease.
Occlusion in the digital era: a report on 3 cases
Authors: Buduru Smaranda , Mesaros Anca , Talmaceanu Daniel , Baru Oana , Ghiurca Raul , Cosgarea Raluca
Published: December 2019

In the following case studies we wish to discuss the necessity of making use of digital technology in the occlusion-oriented dental practice. In the three presented cases, patients underwent complex orthodontic, implant and prosthetic treatment, the aim being to re-establish the functionality of the dento-maxillary apparatus. The patients were evaluated clinically at the completion of the treatment. Subsequently, during the follow-ups (which varied between 2 and 4 years), clinical analysis using articulating paper was carried out and possible signs of relapse were specifically searched for. Occlusal clinical analysis was later on compared with the occlusion recorded using the TRIOS® 3 intraoral scanner (3Shape) and the T-Scan™ Novus™ device (TekScan). Clinical and digitally obtained scanner results were similar. The results yielded by the T-Scan™ Novus™ device were different and they were also relevant for elucidating the cause of the symptomatology.
Truth and the Phenomenological Landscape of Perception
Authors: Majka Wojciech
Published: December 2019

The main objective of the article is to present the phenomenological understanding of the idea of truth (alētheia). In the Heideggerian sense, alētheia is not limited to the traditional rendering of truth as coherence or correspondence. In other words, truth is not restricted to the appropriate or inappropriate ways of the representation of given aspects of cognitive experience. Instead, truth comes close to the notion of perception in the sense that it refers to the general way in which the world is unconcealed to human understanding. Of course, the adopted approach asks us to bracket the subject/object division that stands behind traditional metaphysical thinking ever since the time of Plato. In other words, the subject is not the starting point of experience; rather, the subject is a passive recipient of the kind of being-in--the-world—to use Merleau-Pontyian terminology—that is extending around it. Accounting for the phenomenological understanding of truth obliges us also to look at language not in the representative sense, but rather to regard it as the essencing of the vocabulary of being through which the world is revealed. This means that language is not just an abstract sign system based on the relation of signified—signifier in the Saussurian sense, but the ontological position from which we perceive the world and our existence in it.
Transgredience in Toward Debesija by Bronius Radzevičius
Authors: Grigaitis Mindaugas
Published: December 2019

The aim of this article is to present the transgredience theory of Russian scientist Mikhail Bakhtin as a compromise of the traditional and postmodern views of literature. Traditional criticism, which here is defined as a metaphysical view of literature as a subject’s self-representation, rejects the postmodern idea of the subject’s death as nihilistic blather. On the contrary, the postmodern attitude denies the subject’s identity as a centre of literature. The theory of transgredience admits that subjectivity is not dead, but rejects it as a constant and finite identity. It makes it possible to join the traditional and postmodern attitudes.The first section deals with these aspects of transgredience. Such categories as time, space, author, hero, exteriority, and inner world are defined. It is stressed that the word man, which traditionally is understood as a subject of constant identity, in Bakhtin’s theory means the possibility to create that identity. This possibility becomes aesthetic reality only when an author—the  principle of organizing language—exteriorizes and, through exteriorization, materializes experience in a hero. Exteriorization and the separation of man-authorhero are stressed as the main aspects of the theory of transgredience.The forms of transgredience that are expressed in Radzevičius’s novels are analyzed in the second section. The texts of this author come into the center of analysis because of their intensive correlations of experience and language. It is considered that the best way to present the theory of transgredience as a compromise of traditional and postmodern thought is to use it in an interpretation of the texts of those authors who not only join experience and language into an intense unity, but even feel the boundaries of representing experience through language. Radzevičius is one of those authors.Even though Lithuanian literary critics sees him as a master of creating unity between word and feeling, his texts, as a separate world which is governed by the rules of language, reveal that sometimes feeling absorbs language and novels becomes non-esthetic acts. Such situations are called disturbance of transgredience and have two directions: a) hero absorbs author and becomes an author of his own; b) author absorbs hero and makes him a figure of representing the ideology of the author as a living person. Both directions are described through analyses of certain novels.
Analysis of Chosen Phonetic and Morphological Features Present in Polish Folk Songs in the Vilnius Region
Authors: Korycka Anna
Published: December 2019

This article is devoted to an analysis of certain phonetic and morphological features that occur in the material of Polish folk music in the Vilnius region. Excerpts were chosen with respect to the dominant linguistic elements (both phonetic and morphological) of the region in question. Examples were taken from Songs of Vilnius Region (Pieśni Wileńszczyzny) by Jan Mincewicz, materials gained from the Archive of the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore in Vilnius, and the author’s own recordings. Based on dialectological publications (Kurzowa, Grek-Pabisowa, Sawaniewska-Mochowa, Rieger and others), an investigation into the occurrence of specific features of Northern Borderlands Polish in the Polish folk songs of the Vilnius region was undertaken. The Polish community is a dynamic group, the vast majority nurturing their own culture, language and customs.The first section of the article analyzes the phonetic features connected with the system of vowels and consonants. The second section contains an analysis of morphological phenomena (inflectional and word formative) present in the Polish folk songs known and sung in the Vilnius region. It was found that certain nouns change their grammatical gender; such singularities occur in the presence of the verb and the suffix -uk. The structure of the dialect in the researched area has been preserved quite well, which can be confirmed by the frequency with which the features typical of this region occur.In conclusion, on the basis of phonetics and morphology, it can be stated that the language of the Polish folk songs known and sung in Vilnius has retained many features of the dialect specific to the Northern Polish Borderlands.
On “Politeness” and “Polite Lies” in Everyday Discourse
Authors: Szajewski Jacek
Published: December 2019

This article primarily contains a threefold presentation of the notion of politeness. The universality of the phenomenon of politeness and its wide recognisability inspired the choice of methodology adopted herein. The article aims to produce some observations with regard to both similarities and possible divergences amongst the following angles of the concept in question:a) dictionary definitions,b) definitions proposed by linguists, andc) the perception of this concept by members of society.The paper further aims to shape an initial vision of the category of “politeness” in order to classify it and specify its means of verbalization, with a special focus on the territory of polite lies. The article begins by presenting the dictionary definitions of the concept in question and attempts to show the complexity of the phenomenon, which directly results from the definitions under scrutiny. These are then contrasted with some common definitions proposed by linguists; the key concepts, the operationalization of politeness, and the author’s comments can be found in this section. Subsequently, these definitions are contrasted with the ways lay members of society perceive the concept of politeness. Afterwards, the paper briefly outlines the two fundamental theories of linguistic politeness, namely Brown and Levinson’s Theory of Politeness and Leechs’s Politeness Principle. This is done especially with a view to settling the notion of the polite lie within the frames of the aforementioned theories. Consequently, the phenomenon of the polite lie is defined and the ways in which it typically operates are shown. This is done by means of Brown and Levinson’s positive politeness theory and Leech’s maxims of politeness. Ultimately, the article attempts to contrast language users’ perceptions of polite lies with the two theories of politeness.The dictionary database was collected from the OED2 dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, as well as from two questionnaires presented to eight informants of different ages and occupations.The paper includes summing-up definitions of linguistic politeness and polite lies, as well as a table with the final results of the questionnaire studies.
Diagnostic Performance of C6 Enzyme Immunoassay for Lyme Arthritis
Authors: Nigrovic Lise E. , Bennett Jonathan E. , Balamuth Fran , Levas Michael N. , Neville Desiree , Lyons Todd W. , Branda John A. , Maulden Alexandra B. , Lewander David , Garro Aris ,   PEDI LYME NET
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES:

In Lyme disease endemic areas, initial management of children with arthritis can be challenging because diagnostic tests take several days to return results, leading to potentially unnecessary invasive procedures. Our objective was to examine the role of the C6 peptide enzyme immunoassay (EIA) test to guide initial management.

METHODS:

We enrolled children with acute arthritis undergoing evaluation for Lyme disease presenting to a participating Pedi Lyme Net emergency department (2015–2019) and performed a C6 EIA test. We defined Lyme arthritis with a positive or equivocal C6 EIA test result followed by a positive supplemental immunoblot result and defined septic arthritis as a positive synovial fluid culture result or a positive blood culture result with synovial fluid pleocytosis. Otherwise, children were considered to have inflammatory arthritis. We report the sensitivity and specificity of the C6 EIA for the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis.

RESULTS:

Of the 911 study patients, 211 children (23.2%) had Lyme arthritis, 11 (1.2%) had septic arthritis, and 689 (75.6%) had other inflammatory arthritis. A positive or equivocal C6 EIA result had a sensitivity of 100% (211 out of 211; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 98.2%–100%) and specificity of 94.2% (661 out of 700; 95% CI: 92.5%–95.9%) for Lyme arthritis. None of the 250 children with a positive or equivocal C6 EIA result had septic arthritis (0%; 95% CI: 0%–1.5%), although 75 children underwent diagnostic arthrocentesis and 27 underwent operative joint washout.

CONCLUSIONS:

In Lyme disease endemic areas, a C6 EIA result could be used to guide initial clinical decision-making, without misclassifying children with septic arthritis.
Desigualdades na elite da Ciência Política brasileira
Authors: Candido Marcia Rangel , Júnior João Feres , Campos Luiz Augusto
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar um aspecto frequentemente negligenciado nos estudos sobre a Ciência Política no Brasil: as desigualdades internas à comunidade científica. Para tal, começamos por localizar nossa contribuição na literatura especializada. Em seguida, analisamos os perfis de gênero, raça e região geográfica dos docentes de todos os programas de pós-graduação da área reconhecidos pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Os resultados mostram que a disciplina apresenta assimetrias de gênero e severa desigualdade racial, o que não pode ser totalmente explicado pelas diferenças regionais do país. A fim de observar o dado em perspectiva mais ampla, comparamos as características da Ciência Política às da Sociologia e da Antropologia e concluímos que a primeira é mais desigual em ambas as dimensões.
Molecular emm typing of Bulgarian macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes isolates
Authors: Muhtarova Adile , Mihova Kalina , Markovska Rumyana , Mitov Ivan , Kaneva Radka , Gergova Raina
Published: December 2019

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a human pathogen causing a broad range of infections, linked with global morbidity and mortality. Macrolide resistance rates vary significantly in different parts of the world. Driving factors of the emergence and spread of resistant clones are not clearly understood. We investigated 102 macrolide-resistant GAS strains collected during the period 2014–2018 from various clinical specimens from Bulgarian patients. Strains were characterized by the presence of mefA/mefE, ermA, and ermB using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing for mefA/mefE. Resistant strains were studied by emm sequence typing and emm-cluster system. Most prevalent emm types among the macrolide-resistant GAS strains were emm28 (22.55%), emm12 (17.65%), and emm4 (16.66%). Almost all (87.25%) of the macrolide-resistant isolates harboring ermB were emm28. The isolates that carried ermA were predominantly emm12 (38.24%) and emm77 (38.24%), with fewer emm89 (23.53%). The isolates harbored predominantly mefE (49 isolates) and only 9 strains carried mefA. The most prevalent emm clusters among the GAS isolates were E4 (40.20%), A-C4 (17.65%), and E1 (16.66%). The study’s results suggest that dissemination of specific clones in GAS population may also be the reason for the increasing macrolide-resistance rate in our country.
Relationships between addictive Facebook use, depressiveness, insomnia, and positive mental health in an inpatient sample: A German longitudinal study
Authors: Brailovskaia Julia , Rohmann Elke , Bierhoff Hans-Werner , Margraf Jürgen , Köllner Volker
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

Individuals with high level of negative mental health often tend to use the social platform Facebook to escape from daily stress. They are at risk to develop an emotional bond to Facebook linked to a need to stay permanently online. The current work investigated addictive use of Facebook and its conceptual framework in clinical context.

Methods

In a longitudinal study design, duration of daily use of Facebook, addictive Facebook use, depressiveness, insomnia, and positive mental health (PMH) were assessed in a sample of 349 inpatients [Mage(SDage) = 50.13 (9.41)] of a psychosomatic rehabilitation clinic in Germany over a period of on average 6 weeks.

Results

Regression analyses revealed that duration of daily Facebook use at the first measurement time point (T1) served as significant positive predictor of addictive Facebook use at the second measurement time point (T2). Addictive Facebook use (T1) significantly positively predicted depressiveness and insomnia (T2). Its prediction of PMH (T2) was significantly negative. Mediation analyses showed that PMH (T1) partially mediated the association between addictive Facebook use (T1) and depressiveness (T2), and fully mediated the relationship between addictive Facebook use (T1) and insomnia (T2).

Discussion and conclusions

Current longitudinal results indicate that addictive Facebook use might negatively impact the recovery process of inpatients. Thus, it might be relevant to assess and consider addictive Facebook use in the clinical context. Therapeutic interventions are suggested to focus on the enhancement of inpatients’ PMH level, which may buffer the negative effect of problematic Facebook use.
The role of Indigenous knowledges in psychedelic science
Authors: Fotiou Evgenia
Published: December 2019

This paper reflects on potential contributions from anthropology to the field of “psychedelic science.” Although the discipline’s beginnings went hand in hand with colonialism, it has made significant contributions to the understanding of Indigenous knowledge systems. Furthermore, recent calls to decolonize our theoretical frameworks and methodology, notably the “ontological turn,” open up the space for engaging meaningfully with Indigenous worldviews. At this critical juncture of the “psychedelic renaissance,” it is important to reflect on whether the current model is satisfactory and on ways to decolonize psychedelic science. What we need is a shift in paradigm, one that will acknowledge the validity of Indigenous worldviews as equal partners to scientific inquiry. Acknowledging the contributions of Indigenous knowledges to psychedelic science is necessary and needs to go hand in hand with attempts to revise biomedical models to be more inclusive in substantial ways. The paper does not argue for the abandonment of the scientific paradigm, rather for the abandonment of its privileged position. Decolonizing psychedelic science will require allowing multiple perspectives to coexist and contribute equally to our efforts going forward.
Hypertension and maternal urinary tract infection and the metabolic conditions of preterm infants
Authors: Bavaresco Talita , Menolli Rafael Andrade , Frizon Bruna Juliana Zancanaro , Viera Claudia Silveira , Conterno Julia Reis , Guimarães Ana Tereza Bittencourt , Grassiolli Sabrina
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study evaluated the anthropometric and metabolic profiles of preterm infants (PT) born from mothers with urinary tract infections (UTI) and mothers with hypertensive disorders (HD). Method: This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted between May 2015 and August 2016. First, 59 mothers with premature birth were included; after excluding 29 mothers, two subgroups were created: UTI-mothers (n=12) and HD-mothers (n=18). The anthropometric and metabolic variables of mothers and their respective PT were analyzed at birth and at 6 months of corrected age (CA). Results: Plasma triglyceride levels were higher among HD-mothers and their respective PT in comparison with UTI-mothers and their PT at 6 m of CA. Conclusion: Plasma triglyceride level is an important metabolic biomarker in HD-mothers resulting in higher triglyceride levels among PT at the CA of 6 m, suggesting an early programming effect of maternal hypertension.
Preconception health behaviors among women with planned pregnancies
Authors: Nascimento Natália de Castro , Borges Ana Luiza Vilela , Fujimori Elizabeth
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify determinants of preconception preparation among women with planned pregnancies. Method: A cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 264 women between 18 and 49 years of age who had or were undergoing planned pregnancies, and were users of two School Health Centers in the city of São Paulo. Analysis was conducted through univariate and multiple logistic regression of three variable blocks: 1) social and demographic characteristics; 2) sexual and reproductive characteristics; 3) preexisting health conditions. Results: Women with higher education, belonging to economic groups A and B, and older women with infertility were more likely to perform preconception training. Conclusion: Preconception care has a strong social determination, as women with more favorable social profiles are more likely to perform it. Experience with infertility is also instrumental in the likelihood of preconception care.
Time-related factors for peripheral intravenous catheterization of critical children
Authors: Floriano Claudia Maria de Freitas , Avelar Ariane Ferreira Machado , Peterlini Maria Angélica Sorgini
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify characteristics related to critical children, the catheter, and the professionals that will influence the time for the success of the puncture. Method: Descriptive, prospective, and correlation study, collected with an unique instrument, and a sample consisting of 89 children cared for in the emergency room. Statistical analysis of the association between time and explanatory variables was performed, considering a significance of 5%. Result: The median time for success was 193.4 seconds. Multivariate analysis showed that hypothermic patients (p=0.009) presented prolonged times for success and that the puncture was performed in a shorter time with Vialon® 22G catheters (p=0.045). Conclusion: The median time for success was higher than recommended, being influenced by hypothermia and condition of veins the children. The Vialon® 22G catheter is the most suitable for puncturing critical patients. Thus, the incorporation of new practices and technologies is necessary for success to occur in less time.
Promotion of women’s mental health: the influence of physical health and the environment
Authors: Souza Jacqueline de , Oliveira Jaqueline Lemos de , Oliveira Jordana Luiza Gouvêa de , Almeida Letícia Yamawaka de , Gaino Loraine Vivian , Saint-Arnault Denise Marie
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the results of a group of women’s mental health promotion conducted by nurses. Method: This is a quantitative study of the pre- and post-test type. The participants were women aged between 20 and 64 years old attending a Primary Care Unit. We used the Sarason Social Support Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected before, immediately after and three months after the intervention. Results: improvement in the physical and environmental quality of life was identified. However, there was no measurable change in the other indicators adopted. Conclusion: the ludic activities and the Body Mapping technique were promising for improving the physical and environmental domain of quality of life, constituting important tools for nursing care and interventions related to mental health in basic care.
Social support of families with tracheostomized children
Authors: Lemos Hellen Joyce Moreira de , Mendes-Castillo Ana Márcia Chiaradia
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the social support of families with tracheostomized children. Method: Qualitative study using the Model of Dimensions of Social Support together with the Family System-Illness model as theoretical frameworks, based on the hybrid model of thematic analysis. Nine families with tracheostomized children were interviewed in an outpatient pediatric otorhinolaryngology department of a public hospital in the inner state of São Paulo. Results: The experience of social support to each phase of the family experience was presented in three themes: “Knowing the need for a tracheostomy”, “Performing a tracheostomy” and “Living with a tracheostomy”. Final considerations: Understanding how the experience of social support occurs can support assessment and intervention strategies, aiming to meet the demands of the family at each phase of its trajectory, collaborating for a continuous and integral nursing care.
Collective memory of umbilical cord stump care: an educational experience
Authors: Linhares Eliane Fonseca , Dias Joana Angélica Andrade , Santos Maria da Conceição Quirino dos , Boery Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira , Santos Ninalva de Andrade , Marta Felipe Eduardo Ferreira
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the educational experience with pregnant women considering the recovery of collective memory inherited from the care for the umbilical cord stump provided by grandmothers. Method: This case study was based on collective memory and resulted from a workshop with 20 pregnant women from a Basic Health Unit in a city in the inland of Bahia. Results: The study showed that pregnant women’s grandmothers are significant in the stump care process because they transmit their memories pervaded by beliefs, myths and superstitions that, although should be respected by nurses and other health professionals, can sometimes contribute to the occurrence of omphalitis and neonatal tetanus. Final considerations: The results indicated the need for raising awareness and education of all persons involved in this care, especially grandmothers, so that they can reflect on the risks and damage that certain empirical knowledge can cause to the health of the umbilical cord.
Grazing height targets for Alexandergrass pastures under continuous stocking in integrated crop-livestock system
Authors: Soares André Brugnara , Schmitt Daniel , Migliorini Francisco , Assmann Tangriani Simioni , Assmann Alceu Luís
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this experiment was to identify grazing height targets for Alexandergrass pastures under continuous stocking in integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS). For this purpose, twelve pastures were cultivated into an ICLS area, and maintained at 10, 20, 30, or 40 cm using grazing goats. The following variables were analyzed: leaf and herbage mass, accumulation rate, and allowance; leaf:stem ratio; chemical composition of hand-plucked samples; stocking rate; average daily gain and gain per area. The data were submitted to regression and correlation analysis. Significance was set at 5% (P≤0.05). The main results were: i) herbage and leaf lamina mass increased linearly with grazing height, and pastures maintained at 20 cm already presented the minimum amount recommended for soil cover in ICLS; ii) animal performance achieved an upper asymptotic plateau in pastures maintained around 30-40 cm and it was highly correlated with both grazing height and forage availability (mass and allowance). Alexandergrass pastures under continuous stocking in ICLS should be maintained between 30-40 cm to improve both cover crop biomass and animal performance.
Cross-linked coacervates of cashew gum and gelatin in the encapsulation of pequi oil
Authors: Alexandre Joana de Barros , Barroso Tiago Linhares Cruz Tabosa , Oliveira Marília de Albuquerque , Mendes Francisco Rogênio da Silva , Costa José Maria Correia da , Moreira Renato de Azevedo , Furtado Roselayne Ferro
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Pequi oil is rich in bioactive compounds which can be encapsulated to increase protection against extrinsic environmental factors. A delayed degradation of pequi oil may occur by using microencapsulation technology, in addition to masking unpleasant flavors and aromas. Complex coacervation is a technique based on the electrostatic interaction between two oppositely charged biopolymers which form a matrix complexed around an agent of interest. However, cross-linking the particles is often necessary in order to make them more rigid. The objective of this research was to produce and characterize pequi oil microparticles in a cashew gum (CG) and gelatin (GE) matrix cross-linked with tannic acid. Cross-linked pequi oil microparticles were produced by varying the concentrations of biopolymers (0.5% to 1.5%) and tannic acid (0.3% to 8.1%) using a rotational central compound design. Ratio of cashew gum, gelatin and oil was 2:1:1 (m/m/m);respectively, at pH 4.5. The cross-linking process was performed with tannic acid for 30 minutes at 40 °C. The optimized formulation by means of the rotational central compound design for microparticle formation was 0.65% biopolymers (CG and GE) and 6.9% tannic acid. Increasing the tannic acid percentage in the cross-linking of the pequi oil particles had a higher yield and encapsulation efficiency. Cross-linking provided an increase in the degradation temperature of material; and consequently, improved the thermal stability of the particles. The cross-linking process was advantageous in producing the microparticles.
Oxidative stability of tilapia feeds containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina platensis
Authors: Grassi Thiago Luís Magnani , Sedlacek-Bassani Juliana , Ponsano Elisa Helena Giglio
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of microbial biomass on the oxidative rancidity of tilapia rations stored for 12 months. Treatments included a control diet and diets supplemented with either 0.01% vitamin E, 0.25 and 0.5% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 and 0.5% of Spirulina platensis. Experimental diets were stored in the dark inside plastic bags at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 months. The oxidative rancidity was measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). It was concluded that the inclusions of Spirulina platensis at 0.25% (1.734 ± 0.206) and 0.5% (1.629 ± 0.181) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.5% (1.459 ± 0.305) minimized the oxidative rancidity in comparation to control diet (2.843 ± 0.109) of Nile tilapia until 12 months of storage.
Antioxidant potential of various solvent extract from Morus alba fruits and its major polyphenols composition
Authors: Kobus-Cisowska Joanna , Szczepaniak Oskar , Szymanowska-Powałowska Daria , Piechocka Justyna , Szulc Piotr , Dziedziński Marcin
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Extraction conditions are an important factor in the process of obtaining bioactive compounds from plant matrix. These compounds differ structurally. Structures of phyto-compounds and their interactions with other food ingredient are not fully known, while these two aspects should play a significant role in extrahents choice and determination of extraction process conditions. Mulberry (Morus alba) is a plant growing in Asia, which fruits are rich in bioactive ingredients and high anti-oxidative potential. In our study we analyzed mulberry fruits extracts differing in the extra hent applied: acetone, methanol, ethanol and water. All tested extracts possessed rich polyphenolic composition and radical scavenging ability. The significant differences among the extracts in phenolic acids and flavonoids compositions were noticed, where the highest values were observed for acetone extract. The extrahent applied affects the antioxidative profile of tested samples, as well. The highest scavenging activity against ABTS was observed for acetone and ethanol extracts, while the poorest activity had water extract. Similar results were provided for ferrous ion reducing test and Fe chlating activity (acetone>ethanol>methanol>water). These results are helpful when selecting solvents with appropriate bioactive compounds compositions and high phytochemical profiles to be used as ingredients in supplements, as well as in functional foods.
In vivo sensitivity of Phakopsora pachyrhizi to fungicides
Authors: Chechi Amanda , Ghissi-Mazetti Valéria Cecília , Zuchelli Elias , Deuner Carolina Cardoso , Forcelini Carlos Alberto , Boller Walter
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Asian soybean rust is one of the most destructive diseases that can be found in this crop. It can be largely controlled by fungicide application. The objective was to assess the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates to fungicides. The tests were performed in a completely randomized design, with six replicates. The sensitivity of twelve isolates to site-specific and multisite fungicides at concentrations of 0.1; 1.0; 10.0, and 100.0 mg L-1, plus a control with absence of fungicide (0.0 mg L-1) was assessed. Soybean leaflets were immersed in the appropriate fungicide solutions, disposed in wet chambers in plastic boxes, and inoculated using each uredinia suspension of P. pachyhrizi (5.0 x 104 uredospores mL-1), separately. Boxes were incubated for 20 days at a temperature of 23°C and a 12-hour photoperiod. Next, the number of uredinia per cm2 on the abaxial face of each leaflet was evaluated. The active ingredients prothioconazole, trifloxystrobin, fluxapiroxade, trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole, trifloxystrobin + bixafen + prothioconazole, azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr, and azoxystrobin + benzovindiflupyr + diphenoconazole were highly fungitoxic for the majority of the isolates, with EC50 lower than 1.0 mg L-1. Diphenoconazole, azoxystrobin, and fenpropimorph were considered moderately fungitoxic for nine of the twelve isolates, with EC50 between 1 and 10 mg L-1. The multisites mancozeb and copper oxychloride presented EC50 responses classified as low toxic for the twelve isolates and eight for chlorothalonil (EC50 between 10 mg L-1 and 50 mg L-1). Site-specific fungicides showed high-to-moderate fungitoxicity to P. pachyrhizi isolates, even as the multisites presented moderate-to-less toxic activity.
Pigmentos à base de cobalto para aplicação em revestimentos cerâmicos
Authors: Costa A. F. , Pimentel P. M. , Fontes L. A. O. , Melo D. M. A. , Melo M. A. F. , Dantas G .C. B.
Published: December 2019

Resumo Pigmentos inorgânicos foram preparados com estrutura espinélio para aplicações em revestimentos cerâmicos. Pigmentos com composição CoCr2O4 e Co0,8Zn0,2Cr2O4 foram sintetizados por uma rota química usando gelatina de uso farmacêutico como precursor orgânico. Foram investigadas a influência da dopagem e a temperatura de tratamento térmico na coloração dos pigmentos e dos esmaltes cerâmicos. Os materiais foram caracterizados por análise termogravimétrica, difração de raios X, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, espectroscopia por energia dispersiva, espectroscopia na região do UV-visível e colorimetria. Os pós apresentaram estrutura espinélio a partir de 500 °C, com formação de fase secundária residual de Cr2O3 nas amostras Co0,8Zn0,2Cr2O4 tratadas termicamente a 500 e 1000 °C. Os pigmentos e os esmaltes preparados apresentaram cores em tons de azul esverdeado para as amostras CoCr2O4 e verde para a amostra Co0,8Zn0,2Cr2O4. Os resultados confirmaram a efetividade da rota de síntese utilizada para produzir óxidos com estrutura espinélio.
Experimental analysis and finite element modeling of the piston-on-three balls testing of Y-TZP ceramic
Authors: Silva P. C. , Moreira L. P. , Alves M. F. R. P. , Campos L. Q. B. , Simba B. G. , Santos C. dos
Published: December 2019

Abstract The objectives of this study were to characterize and evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of an experimental zirconia for dental application and compare the biaxial flexural strength results with the finite element simulation (FEM). Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic samples were sintered at 1475 °C/2 h and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, relative density, flexural strength using piston-on-three balls (P-3B) test and Young’s modulus. From the flexural strength results, numerical simulations were performed using Abaqus software. The complete model used 70216 elements, considering the components of the test. The results indicated full densification of sintered samples, ZrO2-tetragonal and ZrO2-cubic as crystalline phases, and average grain size of 0.6±0.2 μm. Mechanical characterization of sintered samples indicated Young’s modulus of 195±4 GPa, flexural strength of 1191±9 MPa and Weibull modulus m=16.3. FEM simulation indicated a flexural strength close to 1100 MPa, with a difference lower than 7% in relation to the experimental results. The results were compared associating the physical and mechanical properties of Y-TZP with its intrinsic phenomena such as tgm transformation and ferroelastic domain.
Recuperação anestésica e analgesia residual da infusão continua intravenosa de fantanil, lidocaína, cetamina e fentanyl-lidocaína-cetamina associados à anesthesia total intravenosa com Propofol em cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingo-histerectomia eletiva
Authors: Monzem S. , Spiller P.R. , Dower N.B.M. , Gomes L.G. , Stocco M.B. , Galceran J.V.A. , Ens M.T.B. , Cruz J.N. , Flôres F.N. , Guimarães L.D.
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Avaliou-se a recuperação anestésica e a analgesia residual da infusão contínua (IC) de fentanil (F), lidocaína (L), cetamina (K) e fentanil-lidocaína-cetamina (FLK), associados à anestesia total intravenosa com o propofol, em cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingo-histerectomia. Foram utilizados 32 animais pré-medicados com acepromazina, distribuídos em quatro grupos de acordo com o tratamento analgésico: F: bolus de 0,0036mg/kg de fentanil e IC de 0,0036mg mg/kg/h; L: bolus de 3mg/kg de lidocaína e IC de 3mg/kg/h; K: bolus de 0,6mg/kg de cetamina e IC de 0,6mg/kg/h; e FLK: bolus e IC dos três fármacos nas doses supracitadas. Após o bolus do tratamento analgésico, foi realizada a indução e o início da IC do tratamento analgésico e do propofol. Para avaliação da recuperação anestésica, foram considerados os tempos de extubação, decúbito esternal, posição quadrupedal e os efeitos adversos. A avaliação da analgesia foi realizada por meio da escala visual analógica e modificada de Glasgow, durante seis horas. Os efeitos adversos observados foram vômito, sialorreia e tremor muscular. Receberam analgesia de resgate 100% dos animais do grupo F, 87,5% do K, 50% do L e 12,5% do FLK. O FLK demonstrou maior analgesia, e a recuperação anestésica foi semelhante em todos os grupos.
Antimicrobial resistance, diarrheagenic and avian pathogenic virulence genes in Escherichia coli from poultry feed and the ingredients
Authors: Rossato J.M. , Brito B.G. , Kobayashi R.K.T. , Koga V.L. , Sarmiento J.J.P. , Nakazato G. , Lopes L.F.D. , Balsan L.A.G. , Grassotti T.T. , Brito K.C.T.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Diarrheagenic (DEC) and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal infections (ExPEC), respectively. We aimed to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility, gene encoding virulence factors associated to DEC and APEC, and phylogenetic classification in E. coli isolated from 320 samples of feed and ingredients. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the disk diffusion method and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) Index and Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) were calculated. Phylogenetic classification was performed on samples harboring DEC and/or APEC virulence-associated genes. A total of 110 E. coli strains were isolated in 15% (49/320) of the evaluated inputs (n=13 vegetable meal; n=33 animal meal, n=3 feed). In general, the isolates showed the highest rates of antimicrobial resistance to sulfonamide and cefazolin and 18% (20/110) were multi-drug resistant. MAR index of feed samples was the highest (0.467). Six and five strains had APEC and DEC virulence-associated genes, respectively, and belonging to phylogenetic groups A and B1. These findings point to the need for strict microbiological control during the production process of these foods.
Perfilhamento do capim-piatã submetido a regimes de desfolhação intermitente
Authors: Rocha G.O. , Chizzotti F.H.M. , Santos M.E.R. , Sousa B.M.L. , Fonseca D.M.
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o perfilhamento da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, como base para identificação das frequências e alturas pós-corte mais adequadas para essa gramínea forrageira. Em um esquema fatorial 2 x 2, foram estudadas combinações entre duas frequências de corte (95% e máxima interceptação de luz, ILmax) e duas alturas pós-corte (15 e 20cm). O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, totalizando 12 unidades experimentais de 14m2 cada. Foram avaliadas as taxas de aparecimento (TApP) e de mortalidade (TMoP) de perfilhos, o índice de estabilidade (IE) e a densidade populacional de perfilhos. A maior TApP no dossel sob IL de 95% ocorreu no Verão 1, em comparação às demais épocas. Nos dosséis manejados com ILmax, a TApP foi superior no Verão 1 e no Outono, quando comparados às outras épocas. No Verão 1 e no Final da Primavera e Verão 2, houve as maiores TMoP para as duas frequências de corte avaliadas. No Outono, a TMoP também foi alta no dossel cortado com ILmáx. O IE foi menor durante o Verão 1 no dossel sob ILmax e com 15cm de resíduo (0,995). Porém, nas demais épocas, os valores de índice de estabilidade foram maiores que uma unidade e não foram influenciados pela frequência e altura pós-corte. A densidade populacional de perfilhos foi menor no Verão 1, em comparação às demais épocas. O capim-piatã pode ser desfolhado com qualquer combinação entre as interceptações de luz, 95% e ILmax, e alturas pós-corte, 15 ou 20cm, sem prejudicar a persistência do pasto.