bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Source-Network-Load-Storage Coordinated Control System Based on Distribution IOT Cloud Platform and Virtual Power Plant
Authors: Han T , Jiang G D , Sun B H , Feng R Q , Wang B W , Cao L L
Published: March 2021

In view of the distribution network operation problems caused by many distributed generations integration to distribution network, and the increasingly serious peak valley imbalance in grid, this paper proposes a coordinated control system of source-network-load-storage based on virtual power plant technology, which is designed and implemented in the actual project. The system uses cloud platform technology and multi-energy complementary technology to realize coordination and optimization control mechanism between sources, network and loads in regional distribution network. The system is based on the distribution Internet of things cloud master platform. Through the virtual power plant technology, resources such as cogeneration, photovoltaic, wind, distributed energy storage, electric vehicles, flexible loads are aggregated to achieve coordinated and unified control, realize the optimal operation of multi-energy complementary. It can accept the control of the dispatching center, and participate in the power transaction of demand response. Based on the application scenario, this paper explains how to use virtual power plant technology to participate in demand response power transaction, and describes the transaction rules and processes. The system is beneficial to the safety and reliability of the distribution network. It can implement reasonable configuration and consumption of distribution generations. It can control controllable loads such as electric vehicle charging pile to participate in peak regulation of power grid, and provide strong technical support for the realization of demand response.
Effects of Prepared WSe2 with Two Different Reductants on Its Photocatalytic Reduction Performance of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Luo Z , Li Y H , Guo F B , Zhang L X , Hou B , Guo J C , Wang S N
Published: March 2021

Fossil fuel combustion and automobile exhaust emissions are the main causes of the greenhouse effect. An effective measure to solve this problem is to convert carbon dioxide into green and clean energy. Photocatalytic technology is a green technology with important application prospects in the energy and environmental fields. At present, the catalyst has some defects, such as specific surface area is lower, the photoelectric-hole pair recombination rate is fast and the quantum efficiency is low. Therefore, effective photocatalysts have become the focus of researchers. In the paper, WSe2 was successfully prepared by the hydrothermal reaction using two different reductants and solvents, and the XRD, UV-Vis DRS, N2 adsorption-desorption tests are adopted for characterization of prepared sample. The XRD, UV-Vis DRS and BET characterization results show that the WSe2 samples prepared with two reductants both contain pure-phase WSe2, and the location distribution of main diffraction peaks is consistent with that of hexagonal WSe2 (JCPDS card, PDF#38-1388); the prepared WSe2 presents photo response within the range of 200-700nm, but compared with WSe2 (NaBH4), the light absorption intensity of WSe2 (N2H4.H2O) is significantly enhanced; compared with WSe2 (NaBH4), the specific surface area of WSe2 (N2H4.H2O) is bigger, which are 3.4 m2.g−1 and 3.0 m2 g−1, respectively. After photocatalytic reaction for 12h with the catalyst of two different WSe2 (N2H4.H2O) and WSe2 (NaBH4), WSe2 (N2H4.H2O) shows great photocatalytic activity, and the overall yields of CH3OH are 327.13 μmol g−1cat and 46.32 μmol g−
1cat, respectively.
Performance Analysis of SOFC/GT Combined Cycle System with Preheater Arranged after the Turbine
Authors: Lao X S , Ma C
Published: March 2021

For the SOFC/GT combined cycle system where the preheater is arranged behind the turbine, the thermodynamic model is used to describe the compressor, turbine, and preheater, and the zero-dimensional model is used to describe the fuel cell. The performances of the low-temperature fuel cell combined cycle system and the medium-temperature fuel cell combined cycle system are studied. The results show that the medium-temperature fuel cell system has higher power and efficiency, because the efficiency of SOFC is higher than that of gas turbines under most operating conditions. Increasing, power and efficiency tend to decrease. The increase of fuel utilization rate leads to an increase in the overall efficiency of the system. The higher the fuel utilization rate, the more obviously the cycle efficiency is affected by the SOFC, and the faster the decline with the increase of fuel. When the fuel consumption is high and the current density of the SOFC is high, low cell fuel utilization is beneficial to cycle efficiency.
Comparison of LBM and FVM for Simulation of Solid-Liquid Phase Change Problem with Natural Convection
Authors: Yang X H , Wu J , Li Y Q , Zhao Z X , Ke Z W , Lin Y S , Liao M R , Ke H B , Huang C H , Chen K
Published: March 2021

Phase change materials (PCM) are wildly investigated and used in the fields of thermal energy storage and thermal control of electronics. Numerical simulation is an important method in the research, development, analysis and design of PCM based systems. At present, there are two main numerical methods for the simulation of solid-liquid phase transition problems with natural convection: the finite volume method (FVM) based on macroscopic scale continuity equations, and the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) based on mesoscopic scale lattice Boltzmann equation. In this paper, the calculation characteristics, speed, efficiency, and accuracy of the two numerical methods are compared, with the classical solid-liquid phase change heat transfer experimental results as benchmark reference. The results obtained in this paper can be used as valuable reference for the selection and use of numerical simulation methods in the study of solid-liquid phase transition problems.
Numerical Study on the Influence of Supercritical Heat Transfer Deterioration on the Combustion Process
Authors: Zhao Z X , Yang X H , Li Y Q , Lao X S , Lin Y S , Liu Y , Gou J L , Liao M R , Wang W
Published: March 2021

The conjugate heat transfer from in-furnace combustion to in–tube supercritical fluid has been numerically investigated in this study. The mathematical model of the conjugate heat transfer process has been constructed. The effects of the abnormal heat transfer phenomena of supercritical fluid in tube and combustion status change in the furnace on the conjugate heat transfer process were analyzed. The results demonstrate that the Renormalization-group (RNG) model has better prediction ability. The Abe-Kondoh-Nagano (AKN) model will have an over-prediction problem for the abnormal heat transfer. The RNG model is also more accurate in simulating the combustion process in the furnace.
Design and Application of Energy Management Integrated Monitoring System for Energy Storage Power Station
Authors: Zhong X , Jiang Y W , Hou K , Cai W , Yin H , Liu J , Wang Q S
Published: March 2021

According to the characteristics of huge data, high control precision and fast response speed of the energy storage station, the conventional monitoring technology can not meet the practical application requirements. In this paper, an integrated monitoring system for energy management of energy storage station is designed. The key technologies, such as multi-module integration technology, centralized energy management control technology, high concurrency group control technology based on IEC61850 and internal interaction mechanism based on User Datagram Protocol, are described in detail. Relying on the project site of Langli energy storage station, the secondary system architecture of the energy storage station is simplified, the stability of control operation and the fast response ability of power conversion system group are improved, and the reliability of output power of the energy storage station is guaranteed.
A Distributed Optimal Scheduling Method Based on Microgrid Cluster of Plug and Play
Authors: Tang W , Liu Q , He P , Liu G F
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a distributed optimization method to solve the problems of centralized optimization and centralized management of a microgrid. Also, the distributed optimization solution method upgrade to a process of distributed iterative solution and optimization, which can solve the distributed optimization problem of a large microgrid cluster. According to iterative calculation, accord the augmented Lagrange function supports the centralized optimization problem divided into corresponding subproblems, and the penalty factors of interconnected variables considered to adjust the consumption of local resources, to make microgrid cluster (MGC) more flexible. In particular, the framework of multi-verse consistency and model predictive control (MPC) can help the global optimization reach the optimal quickly. In this paper, the simulation is solved by Gurobi commercial solver in MATLAB. The results show that the proposed method needs only a few iterations to achieve global optimization, and the effectiveness of plug and play proved.
Investigation on Switchable Evaporation and Condensation Horizontal Single Tube Heat Exchange Experiment Platform
Authors: Chang W Y , Wang J F , Xie J , Teng W Q
Published: March 2021

In this experiment, the switchable evaporation and condensation horizontal single-tube heat exchange experiment platform is designed. And the equipment selection and construction of the experiment platform is completed through the design calculation. The experimental results show that the thermal balance error of the test section of the experiment platform is less than 15%, especially the condensation and evaporation experiment of R22 in 12.7 mm copper tube, and the evaporation experiment of R410A in 9.52 mm copper tube, the thermal balance error of the experiment is less than 5%. The experiment platform can realize heat exchange experiments with different refrigerants, and the test section of the experiment platform can be standardized replacement of tube types according to research needs.
Key Technologies of Intelligent Debugging Platform for the Whole Process of Automation System
Authors: Zhai Y , Yang Q J , Ji X C , Xu T P , Tao S C
Published: March 2021

Based on the smart dispatching support system and the smart substation system, and based on the functional requirements of the dispatching center to the substation, a source maintenance plan of integrated sharing of model, graphical and communication points between the smart substation and the dispatching center is proposed, and the traditional source maintenance process is optimized according to the actual requirements. According to the plan, an intelligent debugging platform for the whole process of the automation system is developed, and a new mode of smart substation access dispatching center is explored. In this paper, the key technologies of the debugging platform are introduced from the aspects of primary equipment model transformation, primary equipment and measurement association, automatic generation of RCD file, and online master sub - station communication point checklist technology.
Uncertainty Analysis in the Power Grid Operation with Renewable Energy Generations
Authors: Fei M , Zhu J Z
Published: March 2021

The renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar energy are widely connected to the current power network. The proportion of the renewable resources to the entire energy sources in the power grid is increasing. Since wind power and solar energy are intermittent, which have more uncertain factors, power grid operation is being impacted by generation of the renewable energy sources. Especially in the area of power balance and dispatch. Severe power imbalance, which causes the huge frequency deviation, will lead to the stability of power system. Therefore, it is very important to deal with the uncertainties of renewable energy. The existing deterministic approaches are not sufficient to deal with the uncertain factors. This paper analyzes the effect of renewable energy uncertainties in power grid operation based on the fuzzy theory and probabilistic methods. The steady-state security analysis is taken as an example to handle renewable energy uncertainty in power grid operation.
Analysis and Simulation of Ferroresonance Mechanism of Potential Transformer Based on Harmonic Balance Method
Authors: Gao H , Yang P W , Liu C H , Zhang J S , Wu T
Published: March 2021

In power systems with voltage levels of 66kV and below, the bus potential transformer (PT) burnout accidents frequently occur. Based on the harmonic balance method, this paper analyzes the ferromagnetic resonance mechanism, and analyzes the fault waveform recorded by the fault recording system in the 66kV substation, and obtains the possible cause of the accident. The PSCAD/EMTDC software was used to build the electromagnetic transient model, and the PT burnout process was restored. It is concluded that the main cause of the accident is the ferromagnetic resonance overvoltage caused by the saturation of the PT iron core. Three solutions are also proposed, the PT primary side neutral point ground by nonlinear resistance, open triangle of PT short-time access a little resistance, and PT with better excitation characteristics are selected. The feasibility of the solutions is verified by simulation.
Efficient Thermoelectric Transformation of Daily Thermal Fluctuations into Electricity
Authors: Madruga S
Published: March 2021

We present an enhanced micro-energy harvester design that couples a thermoelectric module to a heat storage unit formed by a Phase Change Material embedded within a metallic foam. The effect of the thermal resistance between the thermoelectric material and the ambient is investigated through an effective heat transfer coefficient. A case study is analyzed to transform daily thermal fluctuations into electricity during a full day on ground conditions in a Southern Hemisphere typical winter day, using hexadecane as PCM and aluminium as metallic foam. For base PCM as a heat storage unit, the micro-harvester generates 0.01 J after a full day of operation. However, the metallic foam multiplies the electric energy production: from 0.23 J for ∈ = 0.95 to 0.49 J for ∈ = 0.85. Importantly, the relative boost in electric energy production is robust across a wide range of thermal resistance loads.
Research on Reactive Power Compensation Configuration of Wind Farm Integration
Authors: Wang J F , Chen C F , Zhang S , Ren Z , Chen X L , Wang X Y
Published: March 2021

The large-scale wind power integration into power system brings great impact on the grid voltage stability. In order to reduce the influences of grid-connected wind power on the power system and improve the safety of wind power integration, it is necessary to conduct research on reactive power compensation configuration of wind farm integration. Firstly, based on the actual situation of wind power project, the principle of reactive power compensation configuration is studied. Secondly, a theoretical calculation method of reactive power compensation configuration is proposed. On this basis, combined with the practical 300MW wind farm project, the reactive power compensation configuration example is analyzed. Finally, through the modeling and simulation by power system analysis software package (PSASP), the accuracy and effectiveness of the calculation method proposed by this paper are verified. This paper put forward a reactive power compensation configuration method which is applicable to all wind farms connected to the power system. This provides important support for voltage stability in the wind power integration project.
The mechanism of guarana regulating central nervous system based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Liu Yunfeng , Shen Xingang , Gao Ling , Qiu Zhaozhi , Wang Yueqin , Liu Ying , Chen Lihua , Wu Jun
Published: March 2021

This study aims to explore the mechanism of guarana on central nervous system based on network pharmacology and to verify the results by molecular docking technique. The chemical constituents of guarana were collected through the chemical specialty database and TCMSP database, and the targets were predicted, the component-target network map was constructed, the protein interaction network map (PPI) and target-pathway map were constructed, the targets contained in guarana and common targets related to the regulation of central nervous system were screened, GO and KEGG analysis of common target were performed. In the result, the component-target network contains 13 components, 79 targets, 8 of these targets may be the core targets of guarana in regulating the central nervous system. The main biological processes include cAMP signalling pathway, P13K-Akt signalling pathway, calcium signalling pathway, Rap1 signalling pathway and so on. In conclusion, guarana plays a role in regulating the central nervous system through multi-target and multi-pathway. Through the analysis of its core network, it is found that the core efficacy of guarana may focus on anti-fatigue.
Exploring the relationship between agricultural technological progress, economic development and carbon emissions based on province data from the western region
Authors: Wang Hu-Cheng , Yang Wei-Lin
Published: March 2021

As the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases, China is currently facing severe pressure to reduce emissions. As a large agricultural country, its agricultural carbon emissions accounted for 17% of total carbon emissions in recent years, which is much higher than the international average. It is urgent to control agricultural carbon emissions. At the same time, the development of agriculture is inseparable from the support of agricultural science and technology, and the progress of agricultural science and technology is also the source of power for agricultural economic growth. This article uses Stata 12.0 to study agricultural carbon emissions, agricultural technological progress and agricultural economic development in western provinces in China. The results show that the progress of agricultural science and technology plays an important role in the development of low-carbon agriculture. It can not only help reduce agricultural carbon emissions, but also promote the development of agricultural economy, providing an important reference for the development of low-carbon agriculture.
Analysis on natural influencing factors of groundwater depth in Dengkou County and forecast of its variation trend
Authors: Huang Yuan , Yue Depeng , Wen Yali
Published: March 2021

To reveal the main natural factors that influences groundwater depth of Dengkou county and predict the variation trend of groundwater depth, this thesis, based on the principal component analysis (PCA), conducts analysis on natural factors that are likely to affect the groundwater depth, and establishes a multiple linear regression model to show the quantitative relationship between the main natural factors and the groundwater depth. Then grey prediction method is adopted to predict possible change of main natural influence factors in the coming five years with employment of multivariate regression equation for further fitting. Results: Among the selected natural influencing factors, the most influential one is evaporation, followed by air temperature and sunshine hours, which are negatively correlated with groundwater depth, and the reason for this is related to the flood season of Yellow River. Relative humidity and precipitation have little influence on groundwater depth. According to the grey prediction results, the temperature, evaporation and sunshine duration will all be on the rise in the coming five years, and the average groundwater level will also increase slowly. The average depth of groundwater in summer is about 2.5m. Due to local dry climate and vigorous evaporation, secondary salinization of the land is likely to occur. Especially, the water level in the irrigation area of the Yellow River is generally high, deserving enhanced vigilance. This paper has reference significance for the ecological construction & planning of Dengkou County in the next five years.
Application of cooperative learning method in classroom teaching of Plant Protection—— taking the main pathogenic species and disease types of plant diseases as an example
Authors: Lian Lele , Zhang Ruifang , Chen Xuelin
Published: March 2021

With the deepening of the new curriculum reform, cooperative learning is adopted in order to improve students’ interest in learning. The observation group used group cooperation for communication and discussion, and the control group used traditional indoctrination teaching for comparison. After that, 30 students were randomly selected in both classes for paper examination and questionnaire survey. The results showed that there were significant differences between the horticulture classes and the garden classes (P<0.01). In conclusion, the cooperative learning can effectively improve students’ achievement and interest in learning, strengthen the teaching concept of taking students as the main body, promote the cultivation of students’ core quality, and provide relevant teaching suggestions for front-line teachers.
Model of a domain-specific profiling system based on Explainable AI technologies
Authors: Antonov V.V. , Kharisova Z.I. , Rodionova L.E. , Kulikov G.G.
Published: March 2021

The article offers a system model of intelligent profiling system that opens up opportunities for both staff selection and effective training and rotation of existing employees of the organization. To implement this paradigm, state registers of open information resources are defined and created. From the point of view of science, the system model corresponds to the structure of the expert system of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), which has the task of forming many solutions. The task is set to provide validation and verification of the models taking into account the uncertainty. The tool to improve this approach is a software analytical complex, the development and implementation of which will allow to search and effective analysis of data, forming indicators for their subsequent use in decision-making in the management of organization processes. Presentation of knowledge about the subject area under study in the form of system model allows applying formal logical rules, graphoanalytic metalanguage and rules for development and design of program analytical complexes.
Duality of artificial intelligence technologies in assessing cyber security risk
Authors: Romancheva N I
Published: March 2021

Issues of estimation of information technologies influence on information security were and remain issues of special importance. During the pandemic 2020 over one million effects on structures including CII were registered, where all of them were related to application of modern technologies including those based on artificial intelligence. Extensive penetration of intellectual intelligence systems and of “smart” (end-to-end) technologies urges for revision of approaches to cyber security risk assessment. Application of the latest technologies in cyber security risk assessment creates new options on the one hand, and represents new threats from another. Under cyber security risk assessment we shall understand an integral index of information safety achievement in terms that cannot be easily predicted, such as complicity, uncertainty, inability to foresee, lack of stability. On that basis this work aims to analyze influence of artificial intelligent technologies on information security indexes in risk assessment in terms of VUCA-world. This paper proposes an approach for creating a model of duality assessment for such technologies in cyber security e risk assessment with games theory applied.
Graphical data processing in the Clinical Decision Making System for the Respiratory Diseases Diagnosis using ML methods
Authors: Shakhmametova G R , Yusupova N I , Evgrafov A A , Kh Zulkarneev R
Published: March 2021

This article considers the basic algorithm of graphic data extraction used in the developed system of clinical decision-making in diagnosis of respiratory diseases, methods for processing files in JPEG and DICOM formats, visualizing and preprocessing images as well as constructing neural network models based on a convolutional neural network that provide detection symptoms of pneumonia in patients based on radiographs. Data extraction and processing are performed in the “Python” programming language using additional libraries: “pydicom” for processing DICOM files. “Pillow” for visualization, “Keras” for building a convolutional neural network model. The relevance of the task is due to the large volumes of graphical data supplied to the input of the CDSS and necessary for its effective functioning. The novelty of this development lies in the application of a set of existing and development of new algorithms for extracting and processing graphic information.
On the availability of information exchange in radio notification transmission systems
Authors: Telny A V
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of studies on assessing the availability of information exchange in radio transmission notifications system (RTNS) of various types. The author proposes to use indicators showing the probability of non-reception of alarm notifications at the scheduled time, the daily average probability of non-reception of data from RTNS, and the average daily occupancy of the RTNS radio channel as parameters for assessing the availability. The article introduces the expansion of the existing assessments of the information exchange availability not only in terms of test messages passing the radio channel control, but also taking into account possible internal time collisions associated with the transmission of service and alarm notifications to RTNS. The author proposes to expand the assessments of availability indicators not only for asynchronous RTNS, but also for combined asynchronous-synchronous systems with working frequency occupancy control, satisfying the conditions stating that the time window for the transmission of alarm and service notifications does not intersect with the time window of test messages for the radio channel control. The calculations show that the obtained estimates of availability are consistent with the established practice of RTNS operation.
Detection of network anomalies in log files using machine learning methods
Authors: Skazin V A , Pavlychev A V , Zotov S S
Published: March 2021

Detection of network anomalies plays an important role in ensuring information security and countering unauthorized access to information infrastructure, including critical facilities. Detecting of abnormal events in log files is complicated by the fact that individual events without any context may be uninformative. The growing importance of log file analysis in large computer systems requires the development of automated methods for processing unstructured data that retrieves information from large log files without human intervention. This article discusses K-means data clustering method and Isolation forest and OSVM machine learning algorithms in terms of searching network anomalies in network log files in order to detect malicious domains.
Comparison of recognition using Google and Kaldi to solve the problem of assessing intelligibility
Authors: Kostyuchenko E Y , Balatskaya L N , Kharchenko S S , Lapina M A
Published: March 2021

The paper is devoted to improving the functionality of the speech intelligibility assessment solution. A previously implemented approach based on the Google Cloud Speech-to-Text solution has shown controversial quality indicators due to its attachment to the global news context. The paper proposes and evaluates the use of the Kaldi system for recognition. This solution not only made it possible to assess the quality of speech without using the Internet, but also to improve the quality of recognition in isolated phrases by excluding the global news context.
Basis of Architectural and Urban Planning Formation of Scientific and Educational Complexes
Authors: Puchkov M
Published: March 2021

A modern university becomes a place for the formation of human intellect in all its diversity: in the form of knowledge, innovations, competencies, and at the same time remains a special territory: a space for meeting and joint work of researchers, professors and students. Such task creates additional special requirements for the qualities of the architectural space of university complexes. This article discusses the architectural and urban principles of creating new facilities and complexes for educational, scientific and technological needs. We analyzed effective centers from the town-planning scale up to the level of local architectural objects. The main goal is to develop the theoretical foundations for the architectural design of scientific, educational and research facilities that correspond to modern educational and scientific technologies in the context of innovative economy.
Process and Energy Parameters of Horizontal Centrifugal Mill for Grinding Soybeans
Authors: Khudoyan M V , Mishenina I V , Barvinyuk N G
Published: March 2021

The paper represents the results of experimental studying the process and energy parameters of a new design of a horizontal centrifugal mill for grinding cereals. The most difficult grain to make flour is soybeans since this product is very viscous and moisty and contains a high percentage of oil. The characteristics of a new horizontal centrifugal mill are given. The most essential soy flour and semolina property determining their industrial use is functionality, i.e. the ability to form stable water-in-oil emulsions. The high emulsifying properties of soy flour allow not only improving the organoleptic properties and increasing the nutritional value and bioavailability but also reducing the product loss during thermal treatment. Along with functionality, the neutral taste and smell of soy flour make it comparable in application effect (competitiveness) with functional soy concentrates and isolates.
Numerical and Analytical Study of the Distribution of Concentrated Pressure in the Wall of a Steel I-beam
Authors: Kuznetsov D N , Ponyavina N A , Belyaeva S Yu
Published: March 2021

The theory of the strength of load-bearing structural elements made of steel I-beams suggests that the nature of the stress distribution in the element is known, including from the action of concentrated pressure. A concentrated load is often applied at the level of the upper girdle of the beams, and causes local stresses in the wall. The walls of steel I-beams, due to their insignificant thickness, are sensitive to local pressure. That is why it is necessary to accurately determine the most stressed sections of the wall and the intensity of local stresses. In this paper, we consider a test model of a steel I-beam with a span of 9 m, to the upper girdle of which a concentrated load of 200 kN is applied. The local stresses in the wall are determined by analytical and numerical methods. The numerical calculation of the beam model was performed in the SCAD Office computing complex. The beam is modeled from volumetric isoparametric finite elements. The length of the beam wall is divided by two-sided stiffeners into nine compartments, with a step of 1000 mm. A comparative analysis of the nature of the distribution of local stresses in the wall of a steel beam obtained by analytical and numerical calculations is presented. Recommendations are given on taking into account local stresses in the beam wall from the action of a concentrated load when calculating strength.
Combinatorial Method of Computer-Assisted Multiversion Design of Construction Operations
Authors: Nikolaev Yu N
Published: March 2021

A combinatorial approach to the automated design of construction processes on the variant basis is reviewed in this article. The essence of the approach is in the automated formation of a complete set of all feasible planning and technical solutions for construction works at each design stage based on the capabilities of the construction and installation contractor, working conditions, the characteristics of the construction facility, followed by selection of the best solution according to specified criteria. Choosing of the best option for the construction process implementation occurs after the completion of the full range of formation of technological and planning solutions for each of the alternatives allowing full use of system approach in designing of the construction operations. A combinatorial approach based on the analysis procedures (in fact, building a decision tree for certain stages of design) and synthesis (finding all possible combinations of complex construction production based on the selection of options for the construction of its individual subsystems and elements) is used as a methodological basis for generating alternatives. The choice of the best option of a complex of planning and technical solutions for the implementation of the construction process is carried out at the final stage, which allows to implement the system technical approach to the design of construction systems to the greatest extent [1], since each alternative solution of each stage of the design of the construction production is estimated in terms of its impact on all the fundamental parameters of the system – the duration of the construction process and indicators of uniformity of resource usage within the schedule, the cost of the construction of the object, the parameters of the site organization within the construction master plan, the intensity of the process, etc.
Methods to Ensure Cluster Development of Rostov Region Territory in terms of Agricultural Sector
Authors: Sheina S , Fedorovskaya A
Published: March 2021

The main objective of cluster policy implementation is to ensure high rates of economic growth and diversification of the regional economy by increasing the competitiveness of enterprises, suppliers of equipment, components, specialized production and services, research and educational organizations that form territorial clusters. The cluster approach has taken one of the key positions in the social and economic strategies in several regions and municipalities in the Russian Federation, as evidenced by the draft “Concept of Cluster Policy in the Russian Federation” developed by the Russian Federation Ministry of Economic Development. This article covers the methodology that allows to successfully implement the territorial cluster division and ensure the calculation of cluster specialization on the level of the subject of the Russian Federation, namely Rostov Region.
Increase of Impact Strength and Frost Resistance of Concrete Hydrotechnical Piles at Deaeration of Concrete Mixture with Air-Entraining Admixtures
Authors: Goncharov A
Published: March 2021

In the article the main technological factors of influence on frost resistance of concrete are given. It is proved, that the reduction of air content in concrete mixture with air-entraining admixtures during continuous vibration does not lead to a decrease in frost resistance of concrete with an increase in its strength. The completed researchers have shown that when the concrete mixture is deaerated, the number of micro-destructions under the impact effects on concrete is significantly reduced. The obtained data allowed to offer a method of manufacture of piles, submerged by impact effects, for severe climatic conditions. The main parameters that must be provided during the production of piles and their clogging for increased durability are indicated. Deaeration of concrete mixture with air-entraining additives and initial air content does not lead to decrease of subsequent frost resistance of concrete. The creation in concrete mixture of initial excess air content increases mobility of concrete mixture, and subsequent deaeration allows getting concrete of especially high frost resistance with increase of its tensile strength. Deaerated concrete allows to increase the level of multiple impact tensions without further reduction of durability. This method of obtaining high-frost-resistant concrete of increased impact tensile strength is expedient to use in manufacturing piles for sea hydraulic installations. The tensile strength of concrete piles (after deaeration) should be not less than 50 MPa.
Modern Approaches in the Typology of Nursing Homes
Authors: Zhdanova I V , Kayasova D S , Kuznetsova A A
Published: March 2021

The aim of this work is to explore modern approaches in the typology of nursing homes. World data are provided on the increase in the share of older persons in the total population. As well as the Rosstat data confirming the relevance of studying this topic. Examples of foreign experience in designing and building houses for older persons show a developed functional composition of premises along with the function of accommodation and care - medical care, leisure, trade, sports, nutrition and multifunctional spaces to ensure social interaction of different groups of the population. The study identified a method of “functional improvement” aimed at developing optimal functional interactions between public and residential spaces. A conceptual design has been developed according to the “dynamic” scheme, showing the inclusion of residential blocks in the multifunctional complex. It is determined that in Russia it is necessary to introduce modern approaches adapted to Russian conditions, based on foreign experience. This will increase the consumer qualities of the facility and the level of comfort of living for older people, which is undoubtedly important, will ensure social interaction through the introduction of educational and leisure functions, as well as improve the environmental and aesthetic qualities of the environment.
The Architecture of Harbin’s First Banking Institutions. Fujiadian District
Authors: Bazilevich M E , Kim A A
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the architecture of the first banking institutions of one of the largest historic districts of Harbin: Fujiadian (now Daowai). A brief historical overview of the history of formation and development of the district is given. The buildings of banking institutions that have been preserved on its territory have been identified. As a result, the main directions of development of this layer of Harbin architecture, associated with the spread of “Chinese Baroque” and strict Neoclassicism in the architecture of the city, were determined. The architectural features of particular bank buildings are considered and their importance in the formation of the historical and architectural environment of Harbin is shown.
Experimental Studies of Strength Inclined Sections Bent Elements from Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
Authors: Mohammed Alhashimi Omar Ismael
Published: March 2021

The tasks of the experimental study included determining the design characteristics of autoclave aerated concrete (AAC) beams with a density of 600 kg / cm3, strength 4 MPa. namely, the width of the crack opening of the bending elements, checking the updated methodology for the effect of shear span to depth ratio [a/h], obtaining new data on the work of bending elements when the load approaches maximum, as well as in the stage of the beyond state, the distribution of deflections along the length of the elements, the distribution relative to the strain of the compression zone, tension zone and deformation of the joint zone of the transverse force and the bending moment and obtained experimental data on the bearing capacity and deformability of the beams for various values of span shear. The measured test data provide a basis for evaluating the accuracy of existing strength-design equations to predict the capacity of such specimens. The study in this paper can provide a reliable experimental basis for further analysis and engineering application of AAC beams in the future.
The Need to Improve the Physico-Engineering Properties and Durability of Building Materials
Authors: Muradyan G K
Published: March 2021

The paper is devoted to the need to improve the physical and engineering properties and durability of building materials used in construction, reconstruction, and repair.
Modern Materials and Wooden Housing Construction Technologies
Authors: Ushakov A U , Zhukov A D , Zinkevich E S , Bessonov I V
Published: March 2021

Wood-based products application systems are directly harmonized with its properties. Currently, frame construction of cottages, residential and economic objects is becoming more and more developed. In such systems, an important factor of their effective operation is high-strength and wear-proof wooden elements usage, high-quality insulation and its installation methods.

The article considers modern methods of solid wood technological processing to give it new physical, mechanical, exploitation and aesthetic properties. The main stages of processing, technological and ecological requirements related to the process of wood processing are described. The basic advantages, disadvantages and application of modified wood, Thermally modified wood and nanowood are formulated.

Research findings of seamless welded shells based on polyethylene foam used for heat - hydro - vapor insulation of buildings with wooden frame systems are presented.

It is established that the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the material is 80-92 kPa, and 29-32 kPa for the weld. The moisture content of wooden structures is 7.7–7.8 percent. Rotten manifestations were not found on the wooden frame, which confirms the feasibility of using these insulation systems for the construction of wooden frame buildings.
Classification of Shell Constructions with Infill
Authors: Tsimbelman N Ya , Malkov N M , Chernova T I , Selivanova M A
Published: March 2021

Filled shell structures are used for various engineering tasks in hydraulic engineering. Made of various materials, the shells retain the inner filler as a conserved medium or as a structural material that ensures the performance of the entire construction. The article provides a classification of constructions made of shell structures. A system of constructive solutions for filled shells is proposed, in which the material and method of forming the shell, the method of supporting the shell on the soil, the configuration of the transverse and longitudinal sections of the shell, as well as the presence of additional structural structures are adopted.
Using Georadars for Evaluating the Thickness of a Concrete Layer
Authors: Sambulov N I , Khakhulin N B , Netrebina Yu S
Published: March 2021

At present, georadiolocating research is actively used in various fields of engineering surveys. In the article, we discuss the scan for concrete structures and assess their thickness and condition using this method. The principle of operation of radar is based on the emission of electromagnetic pulses of the radio range and the reception of a signal reflected from the interface of the media (the boundary between the layers of the studied soil stratum having sharply different electrophysical properties). The aim of the study is to accurately determine the location and layout of the reinforcing bar, tension cables, beams, pipelines, voids, and plates. The presence of metallic objects in the studied strata is a valuable identification feature, and metal objects known to be located are convenient marking elements of the section.
Details of Inspection of Static Ropes with Polyester Sheath after Contact with Various Acids
Authors: Zherdev K V , Pham N T , Prostakishin D A
Published: March 2021

This article considers static ropes - one of the components of a personal fall protection system when working at heights. The issue of accidents when working at heights in Russia and abroad is raised. The inspection of the ropes is considered as one of the local mechanisms to reduce injuries when performing work at heights, as well as the advanced training of specialists responsible for the inspection of personal protective equipment against falling from a height. The effect of acid solutions most commonly encountered in industrial activities with short-term contact and with prolonged contact on polyamide ropes is investigated. Recommendations are given for a more competent use of these products in various situations without compromising safety. The questions of solving the problem of the hidden effect of acids on static ropes with a polyester sheath are raised.
Wood as a Material of Traditional Manor Building: Problems of Restoration, Conservation and Reconstruction
Authors: Pryadko I , Lebedev I
Published: March 2021

In the article, the co-authors analyze the reconstruction and restoration of pieces of wooden architecture, primarily, manors and parks of the 18th and 19th centuries, located in the south-west of the Russian capital. The co-authors are convinced that the application of timber as the construction and finishing material is the key feature of these wooden monuments, or former mansions of the Russian feudal nobility; park pavilions, country houses owned by famous businessmen and artists in the days of the industrial revolution, in the late 19th – early 20th century. Wood is the source of numerous problems that accompany preservation, and in some cases, reconstruction and restoration of these construction facilities. Problems consist in the choice of materials used to reproduce missing fragments of buildings and the assessment of authenticity of a facility or its elements in case of its complete or partial destruction. The co-authors employed such methods, as the analysis of architectural history sources and comparative historical research. The co-authors offer expert reviews made by contemporary Russian restorers and civil activists, willing to have architectural monuments preserved and manors and parks restored. The project is theoretically and practically relevant, as it generalizes information on pieces of wooden architecture and their restoration in the Russian Federation.
Spatial Planning Techniques for Forming the Urban Environment in the Friendly City Concept
Authors: Zakirova Y , Bilalova I
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on formation of comfortable urban spaces and citizen friendly cities in Russia. The experience of Europe and the USA in the area of concept “Friendly cities” was examined. As a key focus of urban transforming in Russian cities and towns is proposed to create the system “Safe route to school”. The technique of execution of the project is suggested. The project “Safe School Route” has been tested on the example of Kazan city. It has conducted sociological study and developed proposal for the reorganization of urban areas adjacent to school grounds.
Main Principles of Comprehensive Approach to Formation of Comfortable Urban Environment
Authors: Yaskova N Yu , Sarchenko V I , Khirevich S A
Published: March 2021

Under increasing competition for high-quality human resources crucial for contemporary civilization development, the requirements for the quality and comfort of living spaces undergo drastic changes. The purpose of this article is to give some ideas about the comprehensive approach principles for the formation of a viable urban environment. Based on the sustainable development theory, economic theory, as well as project and structural approaches, the authors propose a system of principles for the formation of a viable urban environment. Their novelty is in the consideration of the cyclic dynamics of urban development processes in management, facilities, and resources; the comprehensive use of the structural approach; the focus on the achievement of long-term benefits from the results of the transformation of the urban environment, etc. The use of the suggested comprehensive principles will help support a significant acceleration of urban development processes.