bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Form of Manifestation of Value Models in the Interaction of Personal Values and Social Structures
Authors: Chmil Hanna , Korabliova Nadiia , Zubavina Iryna , Kupriichuk Vasily , Kuznietsova Inna
Published: December 2020

Value models in society are often positioned as key factors in the formation of interpersonal interaction. In this regard, the process of forming a value model should be considered based on the pattern of social interaction. In cultural studies, as in other socio-humanities, such an internal branch of knowledge as cultural axiology was also formed. In general, cultural axiology is correlated with the implementation of the value approach as a general scientific approach. However, in cultural studies, this approach has its own specifics. The use of a value-based approach in cultural studies allows highlighting the inner side of the relationship between an individual and society. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the structural content of the formation of values and their correlation with the practical values of the development of the social system. The authors show that the main importance is achieved through the interaction between the paradigm of social development and the expectations of the population in the process of spreading state or public ideology. The paper defines that the main goal remains to determine the possibility of adapting the social value model and the global cultural paradigm. The practical significance of the study is determined by the need to adapt post-structural social development and mitigate the transformation of the paradigm of social development in crisis socio-political periods.
Info-Communicative and Protective Function of the State as Combating Fraud using Sberbank Bank Cards
Authors: Nikodimov Igor Yu. , Burmistrov Igor A. , Sinyukova Tatyana N. , Mironova Elena A. , Zakhartsev Sergey I.
Published: December 2020

Financial crimes are defined as unfair activities that have become widespread in banking structures. The activities of financial fraudsters often have negative consequences before public rules are created that prohibit them. Intensive transformation processes in financial markets, their automation and virtualisation, the spread of remote interaction between banks and their clients, the influence of unauthorised persons on the software and hardware systems of banks, an increase in the number of cases and trading volumes determine the relevance of clarifying the essence of this phenomenon and the peculiarities of its manifestation in banking structures. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that financial violations can be represented both in the structure of the current activities of banks and the process of interaction with clients and in the structure of expanding the list of services provided. The leading method to study this problem is the method of analysis, which allows to identify and comprehensively consider ways to counter financial crimes in banks to improve the level of financial security. The authors show that structurally, one should take into account, first of all, countermeasures on the part of customers, which often serve as a source of obtaining personal data. In this case, the state function is considered only as a security function for the purpose of possible punishment for fraudulent actions. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibilities of structural implementation of combating financial fraudulent actions in the context of the development of the information society.
Ethical and Legal Issues of Interaction between a Defence Lawyer and a Prosecutor during the Criminal Trial
Authors: Ivanytskyy Sergiy O. , Bondar Volodymyr S. , Bunina Alina P. , Morozov Demyd A. , Fursov Dmytro Y.
Published: December 2020

The institutions of the prosecution and defence are recognised as equitable related institutions that facilitate the activities of the judiciary. The consolidation of the new status of the institution of defence in the judicial system necessitates the study of new forms of communication between the defence and the court, the principles of such interaction, including the consideration of international standards and European experience. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that interaction between a defence lawyer and a prosecutor can only be within the framework of a court session and any exchange of information can be performed only if full publicity is achieved in the process of interaction between a defence lawyer and a prosecutor. The authors show that interaction is carried out through a judge and is completely personalised. Accordingly, the interaction should be implemented to influence the judge in the process of forming and passing an appropriate judgement. The authors determine that the such a judgement can be formed in the course of communication and the provision of certain arguments that a defence lawyer cannot communicate in advance and which can only be voiced during a court session. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of innovating the activities of a defence lawyer and increasing the appropriate level of perception on the part of the judge and, accordingly, the prosecutor as representatives of the institutions of justice.
Social Portrait of the Family in the Light of New Socio-Political Trends
Authors: Tkacheva Nina A. , Mehrishvili Lamara L. , Gabisheva Lyudmila K.
Published: December 2020

The issue regarding formation of a values-based attitude towards creating a family among modern youth is acquiring special relevance, since changes in moral guidelines have led to the intensification of negative phenomena such as: liberalisation of sexual morality, an increased number of divorces, illegitimate births, single-parent families, and the spread of social orphanhood. Due to the fact that the family is currently perceived as a structural component of the development of individual socio-economic trends, the purpose of the paper is to assess the levels of values-based attitudes towards family creation among students. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: diagnostic (questionnaires, the method of sentence completion, testing), that made it possible to identify the levels of formation of the attitude towards family creation among students; a theoretical method of analysis that allows a comprehensive study of the reasons that complicate the process of forming a values-based attitude regarding family creation. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that a student family is understood as a family in which both spouses are full-time students of a higher education institution, that is, homogeneous in social status of a man and a woman. This is a young family in which the spouses are no more than 28 years old, and the length of family life does not exceed 5 years. The paper indicates that student families are the most progressive, since spouses are ready to accept everything new - in the organisation of life, in the arrangement of the family structure, and the like. Material motives in choosing a spouse in such families play a secondary role, especially in relation to the requirements from a woman to a man. The materials of the paper are of practical value for experimental verification of pedagogical conditions for the family creation among students in extracurricular activities.
Juvenile Offenders: Reasons and Characteristics of Criminal Behavior
Authors: Poltava Kateryna O. , Dubovych Olesia V. , Serebrennikova Anna V. , Sozanskyy Taras I. , Krasnytskyi Ivan V.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the phenomenon of “juvenile delinquency”, assesses its actual state and establishes the tendencies of its manifestations. Juvenile delinquency in Ukraine as a part of crime in a broad sense arises and develops under the influence of certain determinants. The study of the causes and conditions of juvenile delinquency remains relevant today, which indicates the special danger of this kind of crime for the development of society. The purpose of the article is to study the state of the problem in Ukraine and the experience of other countries in minimising the criminal behaviour of minors in the process of property and non-property relations. The leading approach that was used when writing the article is the comparison and analysis of modern materials on the problems of criminal behaviour of criminals who have not reached the age of majority. As a result, it was possible to identify the social characteristics of juvenile criminals and the reasons for their criminal behaviour. Considerable attention is paid to the factors influencing the commission of crimes: a dysfunctional family, shortcomings of the educational process, the problem of alcohol and drug use by minors. In addition, some directions for the prevention of juvenile delinquency were developed. The applied value is the ability to change legislation in terms of work and correction of minor criminals’ behaviour.
Compliance of the Criminal Legislation of Ukraine with the UN Protocol on Firearms
Authors: Khavroniuk Mykola I. , Krasnytskyi Ivan V. , Lashchuk Nataliya R.
Published: December 2020

Problems with regulating the trafficking of weapons and ammunition emerged in Ukraine after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Soviet military left behind a large number of small arms, light weapons and ammunition, much of which did not have proper (in some cases any whatsoever) inventory control and accounting. The purpose of the study is to find the best models of criminal liability for illicit manufacturing and trafficking of firearms in Ukraine, its parts and components and ammunition, taking into account international experience. The study investigates the issue of compliance of the criminal legislation of Ukraine with the United Nations Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime, and proposes for harmonisation of national legislation with this Protocol. It is concluded that Ukraine needs to adopt the Law "On Arms Trafficking", which, among other things, must clearly define such concepts as "firearms", "parts and components", "ammunition", "illicit manufacturing", "illicit trafficking", etc. which would also be relevant for the criminal legislation of Ukraine.
Some Directions of using the Forensic Odorology in the Field of the Fixing Evidences in the Pre-Trial Proceedings in Ukraine
Authors: Zarosylo Volodymyr O. , Yarovoi Tykhon S. , Grokholskyi Volodymyr L. , Timashov Victor O. , Padalka Rostislav K.
Published: December 2020

All over the world, the issue of detecting crimes committed is the main task of the state and its law enforcement agencies. The detection of crimes and the prosecution of those who committed them are in most cases based on evidence gathered by law enforcement officers. The issue of evidence is also quite debatable, because the legislation of different countries perceives different aspects of evidence and the evidence itself. The article covers the issue of individual issues related to obtaining evidence with the help of specially trained dogs. These forms and methods were used by Ukrainian law enforcement officials during their stay in the international peacekeeping mission in Kosovo. Currently, some evidence-gathering issues can be used in the process of investigating and prosecuting criminals with trained dogs. However, this area is not widely used, as there are a number of both practical and regulatory, as well as legislative problems. This direction in the activities of the police and other law enforcement agencies is called forensic odorology. The issue of using dogs in the process of detecting and investigating crimes is quite controversial and they are used differently in different countries.
Advancing a Baradian perspective on the field of identity work
Authors: Dille Maria Hvid
Published: December 2020

Conceptualizing identity in processual terms as identity work has long been acknowledged within the broad field of critical management and organization studies. However, recent studies show that the process by which identities evolve is still under-explored. Although extant research has considered how discourse and other symbolic means play a part in this process, this article expands such perspectives by foregrounding the relationality of discourse-materiality in identity construction processes. Using the example of an empirical analysis taken from a case study within education in Denmark, the author examines the process of identity construction by considering the ways in which discourse-materiality works to perform identities. The author combines insights from new materialist thinking with organizational discourse studies in the development of an analytics to approach the process of identity construction – coined as identity intra-activity. In doing so, the article demonstrates how an informal middle-management positioning of selected teachers is performed within its organization. By advancing the notion of identity intra-activity, the findings enable an understanding of identity work as materialized by multiple discursive-material and embodied resources –  all enacted in/through the teachers’ practices – creating a petri dish for examining the co-constitutive role of discourse-materiality and enabling new ways of thinking about identity work.
autoethnographic inquiry into the emergence of new forms and ways of organizing
Authors: Turcan Romeo V.
Published: December 2020

This paper employs analytic autoethnography within a previous life in an organization and within social science to explore the emergence of new forms and ways of organizing in a new venture that was launched as a branch in an emerging market by an international non-for-profit organization. It responds to extant scarcity of knowledge about internal organization of entrepreneurial ventures as most of research about internal organization of firms comes from the research on large established organizations. In the early stage of new venture emergence, entrepreneurs shall be aware of the interplay between: understanding the new venture socio-politically and cognitively through unsophisticated uncertainty; timing of acquiring socio-political and cognitive legitimacy through legitimation temporaling; shared and non-shared understanding of the value (problem) of the new venture through disguised and true value theorizing; dependent and independent organization through diversifying funding sources; and headquarters and branch visions and missions through dominant logic crisis.
The Triumphs’ Golden Age: a comparison between three European translations of Ilicino’s Commentary
Authors: Francalanci Leonardo
Published: December 2020

During the last part of the fifteenth and the first decades of the sixteenth centuries, the dissemination of Petrarch’s Trionfi – the so-called ‘second wave’ of Petrarchism – was characterized by the extraordinary editorial success, in Italy as well as in the rest of Western Europe, of Bernardo Ilicino’s Commento on the Trionfi. By promoting an erudite, encyclopedic, and moralizing reading of Petrarch’s poem, Ilicino’s commentary effectively became a lens through which generations of European readers approached the text. Nonetheless, the dissemination of the commentary proved not to be immune from the influence of sixteenth-century lyrical Petrarchism, which started developing almost at the same time but would not reach peak until few years later. A comparative study of the three known translations of Ilicino’s Commento in Catalan, French and Spanish – even more so, vis à vis the translation of the poem without the commentary – allows us to identify similarities among these translations, as well as important differences. Some of these differences reveal that while the commentary was still sought after by early sixteenth-century readers of Petrarch’s poem, the general approach towards the poem was already starting to shift in the direction of Petrarchism. The three European translations of Ilicino’s Commentary, when organized chronologically, help shed light on how much the reception of the Triumphs was influenced at the time by the parallel development of European Petrarchism, which promoted a more direct, literary approach towards the poem.
The Dynamics of the Number and Ethno-Demographic Composition of the Russian-Speaking Population in California (1850-1917)
Authors: Shevtsov Dmitriy Viktorovich
Published: December 2020

The research object of this study is the changes in the number of people belonging to the Russian-speaking diaspora in California. As the research subject, the author chose the social composition of migrants in the first pre-revolutionary wave of emigration to this region. The author also addresses the issue of the influence of the Russian colonization in the northwestern part of the American continent in the 18th-19th centuries on the process of forming a diaspora in California. Of particular importance to this study are the official statistics from the Immigration Commission and the United States Census Bureau. These sources are analyzed and compared with the findings presented in pre-revolutionary and modern Russian historiography. The methodological basis of this study and the provisions put forward in this work are the principle of historicism, the comparative historical method and the systematic approach. The author used materials from consular reports and official notes found in the collections of the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire. The study's main findings are the thesis of the multi-ethnic nature of the California pre-revolutionary diaspora. The social composition and size of the community at each stage of its formation were also established.
Labor assistance to the families of soldiers of the Central Black Earth region during the World War I
Authors: Bukalova Svetlana Vladimirovna
Published: December 2020

The author examines the system of labor assistance to the families of soldiers during the World War I. The object of this research is the problem of decline in living standards of the families which members were called up to the army. Along with government ration, labor assistance was intended to compensate for the impact of this factor. The phenomenon of labor assistance that established during war in the Russian Empire was multi-component, including charitable initiatives, their encouragement by the government, as well as participation of the local structures of self-governance. The article summarizes the information on labor assistance in the agricultural Central Black Earth region. The author determines the differences in the types and designation of labor assistance in cities and rural areas. Labor assistance in rural areas, provided in the form of communal mutual aid, agronomic and technical assistance, work of student labor squads, was oriented towards supporting the potential of peasant economy. Labor assistance in cities consisted the distribution of orders for sewing of linens and establishment of sewing workshops, which was a form of social support for wives of the soldiers. It is demonstrated that creation of the system of labor assistance can be viewed as a vector of state policy of the Russian Empire in the social sphere.
The Quranic concept of al-samad, history of its Greek translations, and correlation with the “Eternal God" in Slavic liturgical texts
Authors: Korytko Oleg
Published: December 2020

The author examines the history of emergence of the controversial translation of “Eternal God” in the Slavic liturgical ceremony of the acceptance of Muslims into Orthodoxy; as well as reviews canonical texts and refers to the relevant scientific data to describe the known facts on the sources of the origin of this concept. Special attention is given to the problem of interpretation of the Islamic doctrine by John of Damascus, Theodore Abū Qurrah, Niketas Choniates, Bartholomew of Edessa, who had a remarkable impact upon the Byzantine perception of Islam. Leaning on the history of interpretation of the fundamental Quranic concept al-samad, the author provides a cross-section of the Orthodox – Muslim relations that have evolved over several centuries. The article demonstrates that the interpretation of the corresponding Quranic passage in the Christian polemical texts took the path of distortion and loose interpretation of the Islamic doctrine. The authentic Islamic description of al-samad along with the research dedicated to etymology of this word and its ancient pre-Islamic meaning are presented. The question is raised on the existence of various Slavic revisions of liturgical ceremony of acceptance of Muslims into Orthodoxy, since the initial centuries of the Christian mission on the Slavic lands until the amended versions of text emerged in the Russian Empire in the late XIX – early XX centuries, which expelled this term from circulation as improper.
Methodology for qualitative assessment of optimization of legislation and law enforcement practice based on big data analysis of the cases on administrative offences
Authors: Trofimov Egor , Metsker Oleg Gennad'evich
Published: December 2020

The subject of this research is the interdisciplinary legal and computer research tools and methods. The authors substantiate the interdisciplinary (legal-computational) methodology for automated analysis and assessment of qualitative changes in legislation and law enforcement practice. Interim results of the research project that are of methodological nature and cover methodological paradigm, principles, means and methods of scientific research are provided. The formulated conclusions represent a summary of heuristic search and computational experiments carried out in the domain field of administrative tort law, as well as comprehension of the process and results of research from both, legal and computer perspectives. Explanation is given to the interdisciplinary paradigm in the indicated methodological area. Leaning on the empirical evidence and observations, the author formulates the three research principles: principle of heterogeneity of domain, principle of discreteness of legal practice, and principle of identity of the model. As the key research tools, the author substantiates and tests in computational experiments the scientific information-analytical system, mathematical and social indicators have been developed, justified and tested in computational experiments. Computer methods (knowledge modeling, natural language processing, machine learning) that ensure automation of identification and usage of indicators mate with the dogmatic method, systemic analysis and expert assessment responsible for legal interpretation of computations.  The legal and computer tools are determined for identification and usage of the principal indicators. In conclusion, the author outlines a number of problems and restrictions determined in the course of the conducted research.
A note on paper “a simple fast method in finding the analytical solutions to a class of nonlinear partial differential equations”
Authors: Xie Yuan-Xi  , Tang Jia-Shi  ,   湖南大学工程力学系,长沙410082
Published: December 2020

By using a transformation we introduced formerly, a nonlinear partial differential equation can be reduced to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation, and then solve it directly. And the exact analytical solutions to the Burgers equation can be easily derived. The results obtained in this paper is in good agreement with those given in the literature.
Study on the inside source hologram reconstruction algorithm based on discrete Fourier transform
Authors: Wang Jun-Yue  , Zhu Pei-Ping  , Zheng Xin  , Yuan Qing-Xi  , Tian Yu-Lian  , Huang Wan-Xia  , Wu Zi-Yu  ,   (1)中国科学院高能物理研究所，北京  100039; (2)中国科学院高能物理研究所，北京  100039;中国科学院研究生院，北京  100039
Published: December 2020

The inside source hologram reconstruction algorithm based on discrete Fourier transform was investigated in detail, and how to calculate the contribution of whole spherical hologram to the reconstructed image of atoms was demonstrated in this algorithm, which was previously regarded to be capable of calculating only half of the spherical hologram. Using the sampling theorem in this issue, we are able to examine such essential factors as the sampling rate of the hologram, domain and resolution of reconstructed image.
Moving and zero-velocity gap soliton in resonantly absorbing Bragg reflector of finite atomic widths
Authors: Shao Hui-Guo  , Zhao Ji  , Wu Jia-Wen  , Zhou Jian-Ying  ,   中山大学光电材料与技术国家重点实验室，广州510275
Published: December 2020

Selfinduced moving and zerovelocity(ZV) gap solitons were studied in a resonantly absorbing Bragg reflector of finite atomic width. Numerical results showed that the existence of moving gapsoliton is in general not affected by the finite atomic width but the existence of the ZV gapsoliton is highly affected by the widths of the atomic layers. Thus the trapping of the photonic energy occurs only in very thin atomic layers arranged with Bragg periodicity.
Study on the influence on the characteristic of the second-order nonlinear optics by using aggregation of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Gang  , Duan Mu-Yun  , Cui Yi-Ping  , Zhang Yu  , Liu Mi  ,   (1)东南大学电子工程系，南京  210096; (2)东南大学生物科学与医学工程系分子与生物分子电子学教育部重点实验室，南京  210096
Published: December 2020

The hyper-Rayleigh scattering(HRS) technique has been employed to determine the second-order nonlinear optical response of a highly monodisperse silver colloid and its aggregation which is induced in the presence of KNO3. Through the size distribution and TEM measurements, the silver nanoparticle aggregates have been observed as a chain-like aggregation. The experimental result reveals that HRS signal increases 15 times when the aggregation average size is up to 120nm.
The study on the ultrafine mechanism of steels: strain-induced phase-transform ation form austenite to ferrite
Authors: Zhang Guo-Ying  , Zhang Hui  , Liu Chun-Ming  , Zhou Yong-Jun  ,   (1)东北大学材料冶金学院，沈阳  110006; (2)沈阳师范大学物理科学与技术学院，沈阳  110034; (3)沈阳师范大学物理科学与技术学院，沈阳  110034;东北大学材料冶金学院，沈阳  110006
Published: December 2020

The models of interphase boundaries of austenite/ferrite(γ/α) in the undeformde austenite and deformed austenite, and the model of 12[1 1 0] edge dislocation in austenite matrix were set up with computer programming. The interfacial energ y of γ/α interphase boundaries in the undeformde austenite and deformed austen ite, the environment sensitive embedding energies (EESEESE) of C, N a nd microalloying elements Nb, Ti or V (in the form of air mass) in the area of e dge dislocation in austenite were calculated by using recursion method. The refineme nt mechanism of steels in the deformation process was discussed. Interfacial ene rgy calculation results show that the most preferred ferrite nucleation sites ar e the area of high density dislocations such as deformation bands, the austenite grain boundaries and subbounaries, which leads to a considerable increase in th e nucleation rate. This is why ferrite grains formed in the deformed austenite a re far more smaller than those in undeformed austenite. The EESEESE calcu lation results show that C,N microalloying elements (Nb, Ti or V) in form of the air mass, C,N together with microalloying elements (Nb or Ti) in the form air m ass are all easy to aggregate to the area of edge dialocations, which results in the carbonitride precipitation in there (deformation band, grain boundary or gr ain subboundary). The growth of ferrite grains is considerably suppressed by def ormation due to impingement with carbonitride particles and other ferrite grains , which leads to the further refinement of ferrite grains.
Effect of thickness of the Ru under layer on the magnetic recording property of Cr/Ru/PtCo/Ru/PtCo/Ru media
Authors: Zhang Ai-Guo  , Wang Yin-Jun  , Han Xiu-Feng  , Zhan Wen-Shan  ,   中国科学院物理研究所磁学国家重点实验室，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

We report the effect of Ru(seed-layer) on the interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling field Hexex, and coercivity Hcc in the Cr/Ru(se ed-layer)/PtCo(thermal stabilizing layer)/Ru(spacer layer)/PtCo(recording layer)/Ru(protective layer) films. Both Hexex and Hcc increase with t he increase o f the thickness of the seed-layer Ru. It arises probably from the appearance of hcp structure in the seed-layer Ru. Hexex and Hcc sh ow a peak value at Ru(seed-layer) layer with a thickness of ～08nm.
Influence of annealing conditions of ZnO films on the properties of ZnS films pr epared by sulfurizing ZnO films
Authors: Wang Bao-Yi  , Zhang Ren-Gang  , Zhang Hui  , Wan Dong-Yun  , Wei Long  ,   中国科学院高能物理研究所, 北京  100049
Published: December 2020

ZnS films are prepared on glass and quartz substrates by sulfidation of the ZnO films which are deposited via reactive magnetron sputtering and annealed under v arious conditions. The sulfurized films are characterized by using x_ray diffrac tion, scanning electron microscope and UV—VIS spectrometer. The results show t hat the crystalline structure and optical properties of the sulfurized films dep end on the annealing conditions. ZnO films annealed in vacuum and pure O2 2 at mosphere, respectively, are converted partially to the hexagonal ZnS, while the annealed ZnO films in air and pure N22, respectively, are converted t otally to ZnS. Also the ZnS films produced by sulfurizing the annealed ZnO films in air an d pure N22, respectively, have a high optical transmittance of about 80% at the wavelength of 400—800nm, with the band-gap energies of 366 and 361eV, respectively.
A novel subband forecast method for nonlinear time series using wavelet transform
Authors: Lei Ming  , Han Chong-Zhao  , Guo Wen-Yan  , Wen Xiao-Qin  ,   (1)西安交通大学电子与信息工程学院，西安  710049; (2)西安交通大学电子与信息工程学院，西安  710049;西安理工大学理学院  西安  710048
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a new method is proposed to implement subband forecast within the nonlinear noisy time series based on abstracting and reconstruction of the sign al's main components and adaptive Volterra filter theory.By considering noise's wavelet transform characteristic,the main component of noise signal is abstracte d by using the wavelet package decomposition in an appropriate scale and the ma ximum module reconstruction algorithm,then the forecast components are brought f rom adaptive Volterra forecast filter to reconstruction the final signal.This m ethod improves the traditional blindness in selecting scale in wavelet decomposi ng denoise,avoids the shortage of antinoise capability of Volterra series model used singly.The simulated results show that it is a practicable and effective me thod for nonlinear noise signal.
Phase retrieval for hard x-ray in-line phase contrast imaging
Authors: Yu Bin  , Peng Xiang  , Tian Jin-Dong  , Niu Han-Ben  ,   (1)深圳大学光电子学研究所,光电子器件与系统教育部重点实验室，深圳  518060; (2)深圳大学光电子学研究所,光电子器件与系统教育部重点实验室，深圳  518060;天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室，天津  300072
Published: December 2020

Since hard x_ray in_line phase_contrast imaging is based on Fresnel diffraction of x_ray, we propose to make phase retrieval calculations between arbitrary plan es interrelated through the Fresnel domain. The calculation of the free space pr opagation is based on the angular spectrum approach, which can be used with Gerc hberg_Saxton algorithm for phase retrieval. We call this method the iterative an gular spectrum approach. The new method is tested on simulated images in the cas e of uniform illumination and is demonstrated to be efficient for phase retrieva l.
Hydrostatic pressure coefficients of the photoluminescence of InAs/GaAs quantum dots
Authors: Tang Nai-Yun  , Chen Xiao-Shuang  , Lu Wei  ,   中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家重点实验室，上海  200083
Published: December 2020

There is a significant diminution in the hydrostatic pressure coefficients (PCs) of the photoluminescence (PL) for InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) in comparison wi th that of bulk binary. We study this phenomenon with the nonlinear elasticity t heory. The variation of the lattice and elastic constants plays an important rol e in the change of PCs, which causes the obvious decrease of the built-in strain s in InAs/GaAs QD. Therefore, the energy gap and the electronic confined energy change with pressure subsequently. It is the main reason for the measured small PCs of PL from QDs. Also the calculation reveals that the PCs are sensitive to t he sizes of QD. The smaller the quantum dot is, the more greatly the change of t he electronic confined energy affects the PCs. This effect gives rise to the inc rease of PCs when dot size is reduced.
Application of analytical thermodynamics: relativistic transformation of temperature in equilibrium thermodynamics
Authors: Shen Hui-Chuan  ,   中国科学技术大学天文与应用物理系统计力学中心，合肥  230026
Published: December 2020

Relativistic transformation of temperature in equilibrium thermodynamics can again be studied with a new view point and method of analytical thermodynamics, and the same result of T=1-β2T0 obtained by Planck, Eins tein or de Broglie can again be obtained. In analytical thermodynamics, its characteristic or adva ntage is that the disputed relativistic transformation δQ=1-β2 δQ0 and the obvious relativistic transformation p=p0 are not needed, they are by-products in the derivation.
Radiative recombination processes of Bi80+
Authors: Zeng Si-Liang  , Pang Jin-Qiao  , Li Ping  , Li Yue-Ming  , Yan Jun  , Wang Jian-Guo  ,   北京应用物理与计算数学研究所计算物理重点实验室，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

The Dirac_Slater method is used to calculate the photoionization cross sections of Bi79+ from low to high energy. The numerical results are compared with those calculated by the quasi_classical Kramers formula, and the validity of Kra mers formula is analyzed. The relativistic effects and multipole contributions o f the photoionization processes are also discussed. For the comparison with the merged_beam rate coefficients, the theoretical rate coefficients were evaluated with the experimental electron_velocity distribution function(characterized by t he temperatures) parallel and perpendicular to the electron_beam direction. Thou gh the effects of relativity are considered in the present work, the measured ra te coefficients exceed our results in the energy range close to the threshold.
Compensation of group velocity mismatch for optical parametric amplification in BBO type-I phase-matched configuration
Authors: Ma Jing  , Zhang Ruo-Bing  , Zhang Wei-Li  , Wang Qing-Yue  ,   天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院超快激光研究室，光电信息技术科学教育部重点实验室（天津大学），天津  300072
Published: December 2020

A method that compensates completely the group velocity mismatch between three w aves for femtosecond optical parametric amplification (OPA) in BBO type-I phase- matched configuration is presented by combining noncollinear configuration with tilting pump wave front. When the group velocities of the three waves are matche d, the variations of the noncollinear angle, the phase-matched angle and the pum p wave front tilt angle with the signal wavelength are calculated theoretically, and the effects of the pump beam size and the spatial walk-off length are analy zed. The results indicate that this method not only can achieve maximal parametr ic bandwidth, but also can match completely the group velocities between three w aves for femtosecond OPA. In addition, with increasing parametric gain, it is ve ry importance to appropriately choose the pump beam size and the nonlinear cryst al length.
Dynamic PMD compensation in 4×10Gb/s optical time-division multiplexed transmission system
Authors: Wang Mu-Guang  , Li Tang-Jun  , Lou Cai-Yun  , Jian Shui-Sheng  , Huo Li  , Yao He-Jun  , Zeng Li  , Cui Jie  , Diao Cao  ,   (1)北京交通大学光波技术研究所,北京  100044; (2)清华大学电子工程系,北京  100084
Published: December 2020

Using the degree of polarization as feedback signal to detect the polarization m ode dispersion (PMD) variation in the fiber links, an experiment of dynamic adap tive PMD compensation in 4×10?Gb/s optical time-division multiplexed (OTDM) tr ansmission system is reported. The PMD compensator consists of a polarization co ntroller and a variable delay line with four degrees of freedom. Based on the va riable step-size peek search algorithm, the performance of the PMD compensator i s assessed in the eye pattern of a received signal. It is shown that the maximum compensated differential group delay is 25?ps, i.e. one bit period, and the co mpensation time can be less than 50?ms.
Split-step wavelet method for numerical simulation of optical pulse propagation
Authors: Chen Hong-Ping  , Wang Jian  , He Guo-Guang  ,   浙江大学物理系,杭州  310027
Published: December 2020

The multi-scale wavelet decomposition and orthogonal wavelet transform are outli ned and applied to the representation of optical pulses. The nonlinear Schrdin ger(NSL) equation, which describes the pulse propagation in optical media, is us ed to represent the split-step operator form in wavelet domain. The iterative eq uation of the split-step wavelet algorithm for the solution of the NLS equation is presented. The expression of the linear operator in wavelet domain is given a nd the framework of the derivative operator is discussed. As an example, the linear and nonlinear propagations of ultrashort Gaussian pulse through optical fibers are numerically simulated by using the split-step wavelet method (SSWM), and compared with that by using the analytic solution and the split-step Fourier met hod. The results show that SSWM is an accurate and effective numerical method fo r the study of the pulses propagation through optical media.
Field-induced specific heat for the antiferromagnetic chain with single-ion anisotropy
Authors: Shi Yu  , Xing Huai-Zhong  , Zhang Huai-Wu  , Jing Yu-Lan  , Liu Ying-Li  ,   (1)电子科技大学微电子与固体电子学院,成都  610054; (2)东华大学物理系,上海  200051
Published: December 2020

The thermodynamic properties in one-dimensional S=1 Heisenberg antiferromagnet with single-ion anisotropy in the presence of a transverse magnetic field is obtained on the basis of the Schwinger boson mean-field theory. The anomalies of the specific heat at low temperatures, which might be an indicative of a field-induced transition from a Luttinger liquid phase to an ordered phase, are explicitly uncovered under the transverse field. A schematic phase diagram is proposed. The little effect of the single-ion anisotropy on specific heat is also observed, the result is very different from that obtained under a longitudinal field. All results above are expected to be helpful for the experimental investigation.
Magnetovolume instability in compound LaFe11.5Si1.5
Authors: Wang Guang-Jun  , Wang Fang  , Shen Bao-Gen  ,   中国科学院物理研究所磁学国家重点实验室，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

In order to investigate the magnetovolume instability in compound LaFe11.5Si1.5, we employed first-principles electronic-structure calcul ations b y using a full-potential linearized-augmented-plane-wave method within the gener alized-gradient approximation. The total energies of nonmagnetic and ferromagnet ic states were calculated by spin-polarization approach and the calculated resul ts showed that there is little difference between them. The fixed-spin-moment ca lculation confirmed that the metamagnetic transition was associated with low-sp in-high-spin transition in compound LaFe1.5Si1.5. Based o n the ca lculated results, we could explain qualitatively some of the experiment results.
Thermodynamical analysis of conductivity-type inversion in ZnO
Authors: Wang Hong-Bo  , Zhang Jing-Wen  , Yang Xiao-Dong  , Liu Zhen-Ling  , Xu Qing-An  , Hou Xun  ,   西安交通大学信息光子技术省重点实验室,西安  710049
Published: December 2020

In order to get more knowledge about the difficulty of conductivity-type inversion in ZnO, this paper performs the thermodynamical analysis of intrinsic point defects. Relations between the main defect concentrations and the environment pa rameters, such as the temperature and oxygen pressure, have been formulated unde r thermodynamical equilibrium. The K-V figure is presented. It is shown that it is very difficult to obtain p-type conductivity under thermodynamical equili brium. Based on these facts, this paper gives the effective approaches to realize p-type conductivity inversion. The feasibility of the analysis is also pro ved by some experiments.
Fabrication and characterization of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/Eu2CuO4/ La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 magnetic tunneling junctions
Authors: Tang Wei-Hua  , Li Pei-Gang  , Li L. H.  , Gao J.  ,   (1)Department of Physics,University of Rhode Island,Kingston,RI 02881,USA; (2)香港大学物理系,香港,中国; (3)中国科学院物理研究所,北京凝聚态物理国家实验室,北京  100080; (4)中国科学院物理研究所,北京凝聚态物理国家实验室,北京  100080;香港大学物理系,香港,中国
Published: December 2020

Magnetic tunneling junctions of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3/Eu2CuO4/ La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 have been fabricated by RF-magnetron sputtering, photolithography and ion beam etching. Tunneling effect was observed in these junctions by measuring their I-V curves. Interestingly, a discontinuity was observed in the I-V curves below the metal-insulator transition temperature (Tp) of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 By changing temperatures, the discontinuity in I-V curves happens at the same voltage of 209mV, but starts at different currents. The discontinuity starting current (Ic) decreases with increasing temperature. There is a hysteresis near the discontinuity when the current increases and decreases. The discontinuity in I-V curves could indicate a novel switching process. This switching phenomenon occurs only in the ferromagnetic metal state and strongly suggesting a magnetic related effect. The physics of the switching process has not been understood yet, but it could be of interest for potential applications in spintronic devices.
Analyses on high-temperature electrical properties of 4H-SiC n-MOSFET
Authors: Xu Jing-Ping  , Li Chun-Xia  , Wu Hai-Ping  ,   华中科技大学电子科学与技术系,武汉  430074
Published: December 2020

High-temperature electrical properties of 4H-SiC n-MOSFET are simulated and anal yzed by considering changes of mobility and threshold voltage with temperature. The simulated results are in good agreement with experimental data. Further mor e, influences of main structural and technological parameters on high-temperatur e electrical properties of devices are discussed for obtaining optimum values o f these parameters.
Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Mn-doped SnO2 diluted magnetic semiconductor
Authors: Kuang An-Long  , Liu Xing-Chong  , Lu Zhong-Lin  , Ren Shang-Kun  , Liu Cun-Ye  , Zhang Feng-Ming  , Du You-Wei  ,   (1)南京大学固体微结构国家重点实验室,南京  210093; (2)西南师范大学物理系,重庆  400715; (3)西南师范大学物理系,重庆  400715;南京大学固体微结构国家重点实验室,南京  210093
Published: December 2020

Using the solid_state diffusion method, a series of Sn1-xMnxO2(x=002—006) diluted magnetic semiconductors(DMSs) are fabricated.By u sing x_ray diffraction(XRD) measurements and Fouier transform infrared spectrosc opic(NEXUS870) analyses,a uniform Mn distribution in the SnO2 is conf irmed. An obvious ferromagnetism in Mn_doped SnO2 DMS at room temperature is f ound and the ferromagnetism is weak with the increase of Mn concentration.
The characteristic optical variability and black hole for the H0323+022
Authors: Zhang Xiong  , Yang Wei-Guo  , Hou De-Dong  , Hu Shao-Ming  , Zheng Yong-Gang  , Mao Wei-Ming  ,   (1)云南师范大学物理系,昆明  650092; (2)中国科学院国家天文台,北京  100012
Published: December 2020

All available V-band optical data on H0323+022 from a good many of references ar e compiled.The long-term light curve in the V_band from 1982 to 2003 for BL Lac object H0323+022 is obtained, and the optical photometry of the sourse,which were observed with the 1 m telescope of Yunnan Astronomical Observatory and 1.56 m telescope of Shanghai Astronomical observatory,is presented.Observed results show significant rapid variation and exhibit short_time variability of 23 min in R band.It is found a strong correlation between the B-V colour index and the mag nitude in the B band. CCD photometry of H0323+022 showed that they are in good a greement with the results of Bai et al (1998).It is possible to estimate a b lack hole of emitting region R from the shortest time scale of H0323+022 object.
A non-collapsing solution of a uniform-density ball of dust in the discrete spacetime
Authors: Chen Guang  ,   东华大学信息学院，上海  200051
Published: December 2020

A discrete function theory is found based on the continuous function theory and the discretization of real numbers, which is used to express the classical general relativity and analyse the collapse of a uniform-density ball of dust. It i s shown that the intrinsic and extrinsic geometrices do not actually match at th e join between the Friedmann interior and the Schwarzschild exterior for the Opp enheimer and Snyder solution as a continuum. With the discrete function theory, we can extend and discretize the solution to form a complete non-collapsing solution of the ball of dust, thereby eliminate the gravitational singularity and reveal the deep nature of the discretization of spacetime.
Methods of finding periodic orbit in chaotic systems
Authors: Wang Pei-Jie  , Wu Guo-Zhen  ,   (1)清华大学高等研究中心，北京  100084; (2)清华大学物理系，原子分子纳米科学教育部重点实验室，北京  100084
Published: December 2020

The dynamics of a chaotic system is full of chaotic orbits, especially for highe r levels where resonances are strong enough to destroy most periodic and/or quas iperiodic trajectories.Though the remnant periodic orbits are scarce,they are no t to be neglected because they form the invariant skeleton of the dynamical phas e space.For instance,we can quantize a nonintegrable system by its periodic orbi ts,which implies the important role of periodic orbits.Therefore,the locating of periodic orbits becomes one of the key points in the study of the dynamics of c haotic systems.Based on explicit examples,we list three methods for locating the periodic orbits in this paper,and conclude that the Newton method is the optima l choice.
The isospin effect of momentum-dependent interaction in heavy ion collisions
Authors: Guo Wen-Jun  , Liu Jian-Ye  , Xing Yong-Zhong  ,   (1)兰州重离子加速器国家实验室原子核理论中心,兰州  730000;中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州  730000; (2)天水师范学院近代物理理论研究所,天水  741000;兰州重离子加速器国家实验室原子核理论中心,兰州  730000; (3)天水师范学院近代物理理论研究所,天水  741000;兰州重离子加速器国家实验室原子核理论中心,兰州  730000;中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州  730000
Published: December 2020

We introduce the isospin degree of freedom into the momentum-dependent interaction to obtain an isospin and momentum dependent interaction given in a form practically usable in isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model.We investigate the isospin effect of momentum-dependent interaction on the observable in the intermediate-energy heavy ion collisions.It is found that momentum-dependent interactions with and without isospin dependence,lead to significant different predictions on the nuclear stopping(momentum dissipation) and isospin fractionation ratio.In particular,the momentum-dependent interaction with the isospin degree of freedom induces the reduction for the strong dependence of isospin fractiona tion ratio on the symmetric potential.However,it does not change obviously the a bove feature for the isospin fractionation ratio as the good probe of symmetric potential respectively.The isospin dependence of momentum-dependent interaction is thus important for studying accurately the equation of state of isospin asym metry nuclear matter.
Dynamic behavior analysis of the 3μm and 2μm cascade Ho3+:ZBLAN fiber lasers
Authors: Dong Shu-Fu  , Zhan Sheng-Bao  , Chen Guo-Fu  , Wang Xian-Hua  ,   (1)空军工程大学电讯工程学院，西安  710077; (2)空军工程大学电讯工程学院，西安  710077;中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所，瞬态光学与光子学技术国家重点实验室，西 安  710068; (3)中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所，瞬态光学与光子学技术国家重点实验室，西 安  710068
Published: December 2020

A numerical study of the transient behavior, including upper level ions and laser power relaxation oscillation, of Ho3+:ZBLAN fiber laser is presente d based on the propagation-rate equations. The power propagation equations for pump a nd signal have been treated differently by neglecting the z-dependence of t he fiber laser parameters, for the sake of numerical simplicity. The results sho w that upper level ions of 5I6 and 5I7 manifolds relax alternati vely and go to steady state after the first relaxation oscillation and monotonou s decline. Similarly, the 3μm and 2μm laser powers relax alternatively first, then the 3μm laser power declines monotonously while the 2μm laser power incre ases monotonously, both of them go to steady state after the second relaxation o scillation. Moreover, peak powers of the 3 μm and 2 μm lasers in the course of relaxation oscillation are far larger than that when steady state is reached.