bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION FOR CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Kuvayskaya Anastasiya Andreevna , Belova Lyudmila Anatol'evna , Udalov Yuriy Dmitrievich , Kormilikhina Galina Anatol'evna , Udalova Maria Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2024

There are currently over 3.5 million registered cancer patients in the Russian Federation. The Long Term National Strategy for Cancer Control (until 2030) provides for the formation and systematic development of the cancer service in the country. However, the issues of cancer have not been sufficiently worked out. The difficulties are usually explained by the lack of special state funding: cancer rehabilitation is not financed by the Federal Medical Insurance Fund.
Cancers are socially significant diseases, they determine vital prognosis of patients, they are multifactorial and polyetiological. The impact of healthcare on economic development occurs due to increased labor productivity by reducing morbidity, mortality (primarily in working age), temporary and permanent disability, and improving health in general. On the other hand, the well-being of the society affects people's health.
Medical rehabilitation in oncology is a branch of medicine that is constantly improving due to the oncology development. At the same time, its further development is associated with the resolving of clinical and scientific issues, and solving organizational and financial problems. It is important to provide for the possibility of dynamic changes in tariffs.
Our study revealed the need to consider changes in the tariff structure for breast cancer rehabilitation.
Thus, it is necessary to implement health care measures to develop and improve the cancer rehabilitation system at both federal and regional levels, including systematization of existing and approval of new tariffs taking into account the changing economic situation.
PECULIARITIES OF PLANNING AN EXPERIMENT TO STUDY THE WOUND PROCESS
Authors: Sergatskiy Konstantin Igorevich , Mironov Mikhail Mikhaylovich , Nikol'skiy Valeriy Isaakovich , Fedorova Mariya Gennad'evna , Romanova Valeriya Sergeevna , Zakharov Artem Dmitrievich
Published: December 2024

Experimental models play an important role in studying skin wound healing, developing new treatment modes, and analyzing the effectiveness of existing methods. However, there are some issues and limitations that should be considered when conducting and interpreting medical trials.
One of the main difficulties is the diversity of the existing models. Some may not fully reflect human life processes, which makes it difficult to transfer research results into clinical practice.
Vague standardization and a large number of experimental options complicate the research. Some methods are not enough sensitive or specific, which may lead to erroneous results.
This article is a review of some most common animal wound models. The authors consider the basic principles of experimental design, including the choice of appropriate animal models, and methods for evaluating skin wounds in laboratory animals. Despite limitations, rational experimental animal studies remain one of the most useful tools for answering a variety of questions on the fundamentals of wound healing. The study and adaptation of animal wound models may contribute to the development of effective wound treatment modes.
STRATEGY OPTIMIZATION AND MODIFIED PLEURODESIS IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RESISTANT PLEURAL EFFUSION
Authors: Khusnutdinov Bulat Ilgizyarovich , Midlenko Oleg Vladimirovich , Midlenko Vladimir Il'ich , Martynov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2024

Pleural effusion critically reduces the quality of life. To prevent life-threatening complications, pleural puncture is performed. In case of pleural effusion resistant to drainage, the pleural cavity is usually obliterated. Research aimed at improving pleurodesis management remains relevant.
Objective: The aim of the study is to improve treatment outcomes in patients with resistant pleural effusion by optimizing the timing of surgery and using a new method of pleurodesis induction.
Materials and Methods: At the first stage, 68 patients with resistant pleural effusion and 61 patients with effective pleural drainage were compared.
At the second stage, patients with resistant pleural effusion underwent pleurodesis: Group 1 (n=33) – on the 7th day according to S.A. Plaksin and L.I. Farshatova method, Group 2 (n=35) – according to a proprietary know-how method.
The authors used Fisher's exact two-tailed test and Student's t-test for unrelated samples.
Results. In patients with resistant pleural effusion, the primary tumor is predominantly localized in the mammary gland with lymph node involvement, stage N1 or higher, and metastases, stage M1 or higher. At the second stage of the study, it was found that in the second subgroup of the first group of patients, the painfulness of the procedure was significantly reduced; the drainage duration was reduced by 2.6 times; the length of hospital stay was reduced by 2.2 days; a significant decrease in the level of total protein was excluded, and quality of life indicators improved 1 month after pleurodesis.
Conclusion. Reducing the time of decision-making on pleurodesis, based on the study of risk factors for the development of resistant pleural effusion, and the use of a know-how technique can significantly improve the treatment results and the course of the immediate postoperative period.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DIAGNOSING COVID-19 PNEUMONIA AND PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Emilov Berik Emilovich , Sorokin Aleksandr Anatol'evich , Zhakypov Murzabek Abdivalievich , Keresbekova Ayzat Bolotkanovna , Salibaev Oskon Abdykaparovich , Chubakov Tulegen Chubakovich
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, the necessity to control lung diseases such as COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and tuberculosis is obvious. One of the most important areas of this work is rapid and accurate diagnostics, including lung imaging based on artificial intelligence (AI).
Objective. The aim of the paper is to test AI for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis based on digital X-ray patterns.
Materials and Methods. The study included several stages. 1. Development of an AI model for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. 2. Creation of a test X-ray data base. 3. Interpretation of data by radiologists. 4. Use of AI for diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results. AI demonstrated good prognostic ability (sensitivity – 88.31 % and 83.33 %, specificity – 96.67 % and 97.78 % for pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis, respectively). AI effectively processes and analyzes big data, which saves doctors’ time. However, in order to ensure greater safety, healthcare professionals should bear responsibility for the final diagnosis. The collaboration between radiologists and AI seems to be desirable. AI can be an auxiliary tool in conditions of high workload or shortage of specialists, as it can improve the accuracy of radiological reports and ensure their timeliness.
«Claim estoppel»: comparative analysis
Authors: Sosnina Stanislava I.
Published: December 2024

This article deals with the peculiarities of the defendant’s
behaviour in investment disputes, i.e. disputes between a
commercial organisation - investor, and the host state.
Such disputes are particularly interesting due to the
unequal position of the participants, as the state acts on
the side of the defendant, which is characterised by a
stronger position, which makes the issue of state abuses
most acute. One of such abuses is procedural estoppel,
which is analysed in this article. In procedural estoppel,
the state, despite the principle of fairness, takes
inconsistent positions with respect to the same fact, the
question of the legality or illegality of an investment.
Thus, while the state considers the investment illegal, it
does not initiate punishment or criminal prosecution,
thus creating legitimate expectations for investors. To
avoid contradictory state behaviour and to protect
investors, the doctrine of procedural estoppel has
emerged, which deprives the host state of the right to
subsequently raise arguments about the illegality of the
investment. The author seeks to analyse different
approaches, in particular narrow and broad approaches.
The former is characterised by the existence of certain
criteria that make it easy to determine the existence of
State abuse. At the same time, the author notes that this
approach is overly regulated. The broad approach, while
flexible and dealing with each situation on the basis of
principles of fairness, can give wide scope for abuse due
to the lack of clearly defined criteria. In this regard, only a
balance of the two approaches will provide an optimal
solution, combining the advantages and levelling out the
disadvantages of each approach.
Employee testing institute for employment
Authors: Vyhodilova Milena S.
Published: December 2024

This article is devoted to analyzing the theoretical basis
of the institute of the employee’s employment trial. The
author considers such aspects as the concept and
meaning of this institute, the duration of the relevant
period, its legal consequences and statutory restrictions
on its application. The relevance of this topic is
determined by the fact that the use of the institute of
testing contributes to the balance of interests of the
parties, because it provides additional opportunities for
the parties to the employment contract, but in case of
refusal to fulfill the prescribed norms, the possibility of
applying a number of labor law guarantees is reduced.
The essence of this institute is to optimize labor relations
between the employee and the employer at their initial
stage, which in turn guarantees the observance of the
rights and legitimate interests of both parties to labor
relations. When concluding an employment contract with
the condition of probation, the status of such an employee
in essence does not differ from the legal status of any
other employee. The law regulates the peculiarities of the
procedure for hiring an employee on a probationary
basis, as well as a simplified procedure for termination of
the employment contract during the relevant period,
which contributes to the most productive cooperation of
the parties to the employment contract and does not bind
them with unnecessary requirements at the initial stage
of labor relations. One of the most important
requirements of the institution of probation is compliance
with the norms on the maximum duration of the probation
period, which is of fundamental importance, as it does
not allow the employer to abuse the employee’s position.
At the same time, the possibility of the parties to the labor
contract to establish a shorter period of probation
contributes to its most successful application to the
peculiarities of a particular situation and gives more
freedom in observing the rights and obligations of both
the employee and the employer. Restricting the
application of the institution of probation to certain
categories of employees contributes to the balance of
interests of the parties to the labor contract and protects
such employees from violation of their rights by the
employer.
The Mechanism of Legal Regulation and Legal Technology: Issues of Correlation
Authors: Teplyashin Ivan V.
Published: December 2024

The article reveals certain aspects of legal technology as a system of legal instruments
aimed at implementing the tasks and functions of complex public systems – the state and civil
society, their interaction on the example of youth policy in modern Russia. The key role of
the mechanism of legal regulation in the development of the theory of legal technology and related legal institutions is noted. The similarities and differences between the mechanism of
legal regulation and legal technology are taken into account.
S. S. Alekseev as a Reformer of Higher Legal Education
Authors: Isakov Vladimir B.
Published: December 2024

The article reveals the role of S. S. Alekseev in the formation and development of legal
education in the country. The importance of the textbooks and manuals written by him was
highly appreciated. The features of the teaching style are shown. The practice of organization
and activities of the methodological seminar created by S. S. Alekseev is described. In
connection with the description of the activities of S. S. Alekseev, a number of thoughts are
expressed about the actual problems of modern legal education.
Knowledge and Understanding of Law: Theoretical and Legal Views of S. S. Alekseev
Authors: Pavlenko Pavel Iv.
Published: December 2024

This work examines, explores and analyzes scientific thoughts, ideas and views about the
law of the outstanding Soviet and Russian scientist of our time Alekseev Sergey Sergeevich.
Close attention is paid to the concept of legal understanding by scientist, his relation to the legal system, its structure, properties, relationships between elements, as well as the prospects for the development of law, expressed by the theorist at the awarding of the Demidov Prize in 2010.
Contra “lo que meramente es”: archivo autobiográfico y disposición literaria en la literatura argentina reciente
Authors: Segade Lara
Published: December 2024

Este artículo indaga los modos en que algunos relatos autobiográficos publicados enArgentina en los últimos años –Diario inconsciente de Santiago Loza, Parte de la felicidadde Dolores Gil, Tan temprano de Florencia Gattari y Efectos personales de MarinaMariasch– producen un cruce entre escritura autobiográfica y reflexión literaria,muchas veces como respuesta a una tensión entre la necesidad de escribir y la resistenciade la experiencia a ser recordada o escrita. Se trata de textos que ponen especialmentede relieve la relación entre una serie de materiales y su disposición (antesque, por ejemplo, la cuestión de la invención) y que permiten por lo tanto postularque para pensar el género autobiográfico es necesario pensar en las característicasdel archivo singular con el que trabaja.
Análisis sobre el proceso escritural de Fábulas Nativas de Joaquín V. González
Authors: Ortale María Celina
Published: December 2024

El artículo recorre el proceso escritural de la segunda parte del libro Fábulas Nativasde Joaquín V. González integrado por un corpus genético variado que incluye unaprimera versión de publicación de los textos en la revista Caras y Caretas de 1912 a 1921,un manuscrito autógrafo de 1923 resguardado en la Biblioteca Pública de la UNLPy una versión póstuma en libro, de 1924. Se analizan las principales tendencias deelaboración literaria, la relación entre las tres instancias escriturales y las tensionesque habitan las reescrituras, tachaduras, agregados e interlineados en relación conlas versiones éditas.
Raúl Bazán Dávila, diplomático y nacionalista. Sus tesis sobre el Reino de Chile, límites y Argentina
Authors: Garay Vera Cristian Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Personaje público, pero de cenáculos especializados, Raúl Bazán Dávila (1913-2007) fue un tipo de intelectual y diplomático que representó las tesis maximalistas acerca del Reino de Chile y que polemizó con autores argentinos y bolivianos. Sus inicios políticos habían sido en la revista nacionalista Estanquero, junto a Jorge Prat Echaurren, Jorge Berguño y Mario Barros van Buren. Fue embajador ante Brasil y más tarde se especializó en temas marítimos. Fue un defensor del régimen militar de la primera hora, aunque en 1976 se fue a retiro. Desde entonces ejerció como intelectual público en torno a perspectivas nacionalistas que le llevaron, gesto inédito, a Cancillería chilena respecto a la salida propuesta por la mediación pontificia con Argentina en 1984.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Southeastern Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Maleki Alireza , Sargazi Meisam , Yousefian Ali , Sarhadi Saeedeh , Mollaei Maryam , Mohammadi Seyed Omid
Published: December 2024

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of preventable premature infant vision loss. Many studies have reported different risk factors depending on the region. In this study, we evaluated the incidence of ROP and associated risk factors in a referral eye hospital in southeastern Iran. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of preterm infants with birth weight (BW)≤2000 g or gestational age (GA)≤34 weeks and infants with GA between 34-37 weeks or GA<37 weeks and BW>2000 g referred by their pediatricians to our center from March 2022 until March 2023. Results: Totally, 920 infants met the inclusion criteria for the study. The incidence of ROP and ROP requiring treatment was 20.2% and 3.58% respectively. Results of logistic regression analysis showed higher GA and BW as protective factors against ROP occurrence. History of blood transfusion and phototherapy increased ROP development. Conclusion: Lower GA, lower BW, history of blood transfusion, and phototherapy were associated with ROP development. Phototherapy decreased the need for treatment among ROP patients.
Radiological Findings for Distinguishing Between Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis and Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Bozer Ahmet , Durgun Nagihan
Published: December 2024

Background: Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare, chronic gallbladder inflammation often mistaken for gallbladder cancer (GBC) on imaging. Accurate differentiation is vital for appropriate treatment. This study aims to enhance computed tomography (CT) scan diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing XGC from GBC. Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with XGC and GBC between 2014 and 2023. CT images of 70 patients (16 GBC, 54 XGC) were reviewed. Radiologists assessed CT parameters: gallbladder wall thickening, intramural hypoattenuating nodules, enhancement characteristics, mucosal line continuity, pericholecystic fat stranding, presence of stones, bile duct dilatation, hepatic invasion, invasion to adjacent structures, and lymph node size. Results: Among 70 patients, there were 38 males (54%) and 32 females (46%), with a median age of 62 years. GBC patients were significantly older (median age 72 years) compared to XGC patients (60 years) (P=0.001). Diffuse gallbladder wall thickening was more frequent in XGC (70%) than GBC (12.5%) (P<0.001). Continuous mucosal lines and intramural hypoattenuating nodules were more common in XGC (P<0.001 and P=0.010, respectively). Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and invasion to adjacent structures were significantly linked with GBC (P<0.001 and P=0.043). Lymph nodes with a short axis>8 mm indicated GBC (P<0.001), with a cutoff providing 71.4% sensitivity and 84% specificity (AUC: 0.843, P<0.001). CT showed 75% sensitivity (95% CI: 48-93%), 74% specificity (95% CI: 60%-85%), and 74% accuracy (95% CI: 62%-84%). Conclusion: CT imaging can effectively differentiate XGC from GBC, and larger studies can further improve diagnostic accuracy.
Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism in Central Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Andishmand Abbas , Sharifi Leila , Namayandeh Seyedeh Mahdieh
Published: December 2024

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a significant public health concern. This retrospective cohort study examines the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients diagnosed with PE at a medical center in central Iran, aiming to identify mortality predictors during hospitalization and follow-up. Methods: Data from 109 patients diagnosed with PE were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 23 months. The collected information included demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes. Logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to identify independent mortality predictors and assess survival impact. Results: The mean age was 59.2 years (±19.7), with 51.4% male. Common symptoms included dyspnea (86%) and chest pain (53%), with non-massive PE being the most prevalent (63%). Independent mortality predictors identified were age (odds ratio [OR] 1.065 per year, P<0.001), female sex (OR 4.421, P=0.009), and PE severity (OR 0.262, P=0.023). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed reduced survival probabilities in females (P=0.009), those with provoked PE (P=0.002), patients over 65 (P=0.016), and individuals with comorbidities (P=0.018). In-hospital mortality was 10.1%, linked to provoked massive PE, absence of thrombolytic therapy, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Conclusion: In this cohort, age, sex, and PE severity were significant mortality predictors, while provoked PE, advanced age, and comorbidities were associated with lower mid-term survival probabilities.
Consequences of Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Ardabil (1925–1941): A Historical Analysis
Authors: Aghabeiglooei Zahra , Rezaei Orimi Jamal , Marghoub Khajeh Somaiyeh , Mojahedi Morteza , Ghaffari Farzaneh
Published: December 2024

Infectious diseases were one of the most important public health problems in Ardabil during the first Pahlavi period (1925-1941 AD). These diseases caused the illness and death of many people. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors and consequences of the spread of infectious diseases in Ardabil during the first Pahlavi period. The research method is descriptive and historical-retrospective, which tries to answer the research questions using documentary and library sources. The findings show that malaria, trachoma, smallpox, tuberculosis, rinderpest, venereal diseases, and diphtheria were among the most common infectious diseases. Poverty, illiteracy, poor public health, lack of medical facilities, and the geographical location were the main factors in the spread of these diseases. Considering the critical nature of the issue, the first Pahlavi government tried to control and prevent diseases by carrying out measures such as public education, establishing health and treatment centers and reforming their structure, sending doctors and distributing medicine, and implementing quarantine and vaccination. The results showed that the efforts of the first Pahlavi government in fighting infectious diseases in Ardabil were relatively successful and reduced the prevalence of some diseases.
Pattern of Interleukin-17A and Interleukin-1β in Migraine Patients
Authors: Faraji Fardin , Mosayebi Ghasem , Talaie Afsoon , Rafiei Fatemeh , Ranavbakhsh Mobina , Sakhaei Mahnaz , Shojapour Mana
Published: December 2024

Background: Migraine is a complex neurological disorder. The precise etiology of migraine is not clear. Many studies have been conducted on the association of the immune system with migraine pathophysiology. Neurogenic inflammation, the main pathomechanism of migraine, is well described. This study evaluated the pattern of changes in interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17A, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in migraine patients. Methods: In this case-control study, serum samples were taken from 31 migraine patients referred to the neurology clinics of medical centers associated with Arak University of Medical Sciences. The severity of the headache was assessed with standard questionnaires. Serum samples were also obtained from 30 normal individuals. The IL-1β and IL-17A levels were measured by a sensitive ELISA method. TAC was measured by the FRAP technique, and lipid peroxidation levels were evaluated by an MDA assay. Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using SPSS 21 software. Results: The results showed that the mean level of IL-1β in the case group was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.01). The mean level of IL-17A was not significantly different in the two groups. The mean serum MDA level in the study group was significantly higher than in the controls (P=0.005). No statistical difference was observed in the mean serum level of TAC between the two groups. Conclusion: According to our results, the pathogenesis of migraine can be associated with immune system function, and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production may be effective in treating migraine patients.
Dexamethasone Treatment Considerably Reduces the Levels of Some Inflammatory Cytokines, Lactate Dehydrogenase, and C-Reactive Protein in COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients With Pre-existing COPD
Authors: Sepehri Gholamreza , Fallah Zeinab , Samare Fekri Mitra , Dalfardi Behnam , Dabiri Shahryar , Daneshvar Hamid , Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad
Published: December 2024

Background: Dexamethasone is the most widely used corticosteroid for treating COVID-19 pulmonary complications. The effects of dexamethasone on serum inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cortisol, were evaluated in COVID-19 pneumonia patients with pre-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in this study. Methods: A total of 36 COVID-19 patients with pneumonia who had pre-existing COPD and were critically ill and 56 COVID-19- positive patients without pre-existing COPD were selected. A daily dose of 6–8 mg dexamethasone was administered during the hospitalization period. Some inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-6) and the serum levels of cortisol, LDH, and CRP were measured on admission and one week after hospitalization. Results: TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were significantly reduced and IL-10 significantly increased in all COVID-19 pneumonia patients with or without pre-existing COPD as a result of a daily dose of dexamethasone. Also, a significant reduction in cortisol, CRP, and LDH was observed following dexamethasone administration in all COVID-19 pneumonia patients, with or without preexisting COPD, with no correlation with gender, cigarette or waterpipe smoking, or opium abuse. Conclusion: Our results showed a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, cortisol, LDH, and CRP and a significant reduction in IL-10 in all critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia patients. Dexamethasone administration significantly reduced cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines and also LDH and CRP as the markers of COVID-19 severity.
Outcome of selective non-diverting low anterior resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery for proximal rectal cancer: A prospective case series
Authors: Yaghoobi Notash Aidin , Sadeghian Ehsan , Sobhanian Ehsan , Behboudi Behnam , Ahmadi Tafti Seyed Mohsen , Moghimi Zahra , Keshvari Amir , Fazeli Mohammad Sadegh , Keramati Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2024

Background: Low anterior resection (LAR) is the gold standard for curative cancer treatment in the middle and upper rectum. In radically operated patients, the local recurrence rates with total mesorectal excision (TME) after 5 and 10 years was<10%, with 80% in 5 years survival. Anastomotic leakage (AL) affects 4%–20% of patients who underwent LAR. Based on some studies, there is a risk reduction of symptomatic AL after LAR and the need for reoperation in patients with a defunctioning stoma (DS), also known as diverting stoma. Ileostomy has many complications, such as skin irritation and leakage, dehydration, obstruction, and parastomal hernia. Considering the complications of defunctioning loop-ileostomy (DLI) we designed this study to evaluate noninserting stoma in a particular group of patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort case series study utilized data of 20 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma with lesion>7 cm from anal verge in rectoscopy who underwent LAR after 28 sessions of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and 6 weeks of rehabilitation. All of the patients matched our criteria, so DLI was not performed on any of them. Results: Among our 20 patients, four AL were happened (20%). C-reactive protein (CRP) on post-operation day (POD) six was valuable. Computed tomography (CT) scan was not used as a reliable modality in our study. In all patients with positive AL, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was useful and reported correctly, and direct vision of the anastomosis site by rigid rectoscopy was not safe enough to make decisions about it. Conclusion: The leakage rate was not far from the average leakage rate in other studies. Then it seems it is possible to forget about defunctioning loop stoma (DLS) in safe cases to reduce the stoma complications. Due to our restricted case selection and our close observation protocol, we had no significant complications compared to other studies. According to this study, not inserting stoma in suitable cases with restricted protocol selection is possible, and the leakage rate is not higher in comparison with patients with stoma.
Correlation between Autoimmune Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Shajari Mahla , Rezaei Maryam , Osmani Fereshteh , Shafaie Ebrahim , Tahergorabi Zoya
Published: December 2024

Background: Among environmental factors, infectious agents, including Helicobacter pylori, can act as triggers for autoimmune thyroid diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between autoimmune Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with H. pylori infection. Methods: The participants in this case-control study were 74 individuals 17-62 years who were divided into two groups, including 38 diagnosed Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients from an outpatient clinic of endocrinology and 36 apparently healthy individuals that were selected from family members of cases group age-matched and sex-matched. For individuals in two groups, a questionnaire was completed, including demographic information. Then, they were referred to the laboratory for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (FT4) in the control group and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) levels measurement in case and control groups. Stool samples were obtained from all individuals for H. pylori antigen detection using the ELIZA kit. Results: There was no significant difference in the mean age of case and control groups (P=0.96), and 81.1% of individuals were female. 58.6% of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and 41.4% of the control group had positive H. pylori, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.34). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between TPO-Ab levels and H. pylori infection (r=0.2, P=0.03). Conclusion: TPO-Ab levels were associated with H. pylori infection diagnosed by H. pylori antigen.
Altered Cytokine Production in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Safikhani Mahmoodzadeh Abdollah , Moazamian Elham , Shamsdin Seyedeh Azra , Kaydani Gholam Abas
Published: December 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative pathogen. The infection caused by this pathogen may result in gastritis and can increase the risk of gastric cancer. This study investigated the relationship between H. pylori infection as the main risk factor for gastritis and changes in serum inflammatory cytokine levels. Methods: Blood samples from 85 patients with stomach pain, including 46 H. pylori-positive (Hp+) and 39 H. pylori-negative (Hp-) cases, were collected and referred to a gastroenterologist. After isolation and identification of H. pylori, the severity of gastritis was determined for each patient based on the histopathological findings. Finally, the serum levels of cytokines were measured using the multiplex kit and flow cytometry methods. Results: There were significant differences in the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) between the Hp- and the Hp+ specimens (P≤0.05). The levels of IL-2, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were significantly higher in patients with mild and moderate gastritis than Hp- group (P≤0.05). In addition, IL-4 significantly increased in patients with moderate gastritis compared with Hp- individuals (P=0.008). Conclusion: Among the inflammatory cytokines evaluated in this study, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 may play a crucial role in developing moderate gastritis in infected patients with H. pylori.
STRUCTURES OF REINFORCING FABRICS AND NEEDLE-PUNCHED CLOTH MADE AS PREFORMS FOR THE CARBON-CARBON BRAKE DISCS MANUFACTURING
Authors: Panin Mikhail I. , Gareev Artur R. , Slyusarev Andrey A. , Kulakov Oleg I. , Soboleva Tatiana А.
Published: December 2024

The issues of designing structures of textile blanks made of carbon materials and intended for produc-tion of carbon-carbon brake discs for the aviation industry formed on the basis of frame fabrics and needle-punched nonwoven fabrics, are reviewed. Qualitative parameters of the fabrics and needle-punched nonwoven fabrics, affecting the properties of the resulting composite material, are reviewed. It is established that the structure of frame fabrics and the process of formation of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics on their basis, is what the quality of blanks significantly depends on; that also has an indirect impact on the strength and operational properties of carbon-carbon brake discs. It is established that the use of fabric with a surface density of 400 g/m2 to create carbon-carbon composite materials based on needle-punched frames, compared to samples based on fabric with a surface density of 600 g/m2, allows increasing the volume fraction of fibre, reducing porosity in the composite. Using fabric with a surface density of 400 g/m2 the relative proportion of long dimension pores significantly increases, indicating an increase in the total surface area at the phase boundary.
NUMERICAL MODEL OF DUST PERMEABILITY PROCESSES OF TEXTILE MATERIALS OF MINER’S SUIT
Authors: Abramov Anton Iv. , Kurguzov Vladimir V. , Rodicheva Margarita V.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that improving the safety of miner’s suits is associated with the development of theoretical concepts of physical processes in textile materials. The current understanding of the passage of dusty air through a textile material does not always ensure the safety of miner’s suits. It has been established that one of the ways to solve this problem is to build and use digital twins of the processes of dust permeability of textile materials. The mechanisms of dusty air passage through a textile material are analyzed, a model of dust movement in the air flow in the immediate vicinity and structure of the textile material is proposed. A mathematical model of dust particle capture by structural elements of the fabric is compiled. Based on these ideas, a numerical model of dust permeability of a textile material is compiled, its solution is obtained using the example of fabric, an example of using the modeling results in calculating the dust permeability and dust capacity of textile materials is shown.
ECLECTICISM IN MODERN JEWELLERY WITH HOT ENAMEL
Authors: Rybakova Irina V. , Galanin Sergey I.
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the concept of artistic style in jewellery art and such phenomenon as eclecticism in jewellery design. It is shown that in the jewellery design of modern jewellery all signs of eclecticism are observed, which to the greatest extent takes into account the aesthetic needs and peculiarities of perception of today's consumer. It is noted that at certain stages of jewellery art development eclecticism often preceded the emergence of a new original style. A historical example of the period when eclecticism existed in jewellery design, its peculiarities and development is given. The significance of new technological methods and materials used in jewellery design in the genre of eclecticism is emphasised. It also points out the signs of eclectic approach in design when creating modern jewellery with hot enamel. It is emphasised that jewellery with hot enamel is the most striking example of modern eclecticism. Of all jewellery, they are the most technologically capacious and allow experimenting with the mix of technologies and the mix of jewellery design styles.
Application of myriad filtering in real-time trend detection algorithms
Authors: Tulyakova Nataliya , Trofymchuk Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

Detecting nonlinear (with sharp changes) signal trends in pseudo-real-time is necessary in many digital signal-processing applications. In biomedical signal processing, it is essential to eliminate abrupt signal distortions caused by the patientʼs movements. Linear filtering can smooth the edges and other discontinuity transitions in a signal, which is a drawback. Nonlinear robust filters, as median-type algorithms, successfully process such signals. In particular, median hybrid filters with finite impulse response (FIR) are efficient for processing edges. The paper discusses the «in-place growing» FIR-median hybrid filter, successfully applied for nonlinear trend detection. The paper proposes modifying this filter by replacing determining a sample median with a sample myriad and adding weight (replications) to certain window elements. These modifications have successfully improved the filter's performance. The developed computer program implemented the considered nonlinear filtering algorithms and calculated statistical estimates of their efficiency using the mean square error (MSE) criterion for modelled test signals that imitate a nonlinear trend under the influence of additive Gaussian noise with variance at differing levels. The analysis of the filter output signals and plots illustrating the statistical estimates of the filtering efficiency according to the MSE criterion demonstrates the improvements achieved due to the proposed modification. Examples of processing biomedical signals show the high quality of suppression fluctuations and abrupt changes preservation in a signal.
A theological analysis of the concept of the future's openness in African religious discourse
Authors: Jaba Mogomotsi
Published: December 2024

Ongoing theological discussions persist within evangelical Christian theological circles regarding the question of whether the future is predetermined by God or not. Classical theists assert that God has unequivocally predetermined the future. In this particular arrangement, although the future may be unknown to humans, it already exists and is known by God. According to Classical theists, all moments in time, including the future, exist simultaneously before God. On the other hand, there are Open theists who explicitly reject this deterministic perspective. Open theists believe that the future is yet undetermined and is still in the process of becoming. This article sought to achieve two interconnected theological manoeuvres. Firstly, it aimed to broaden the discussions regarding the nature of the future inside African religious discourse. Secondly, the article aimed to justify the belief that the future is unknown to both God and mankind based on African religious reflection. This task was conducted using analytic theology as a research method. The conclusion drawn is that in African religious thought, the future is perceived as non-existent at present. The article contributes to the field of multicultural theology.
Implementation of a Teacher Development Website with Waterfall Development to Support the Teacher Promotion Process at SMP 2 Jekulo Kudus
Authors: Ahmad Fahruddin  , Endang Supriyati  , Tri Listyorini
Published: December 2024

This website is designed to support the promotion process of teachers at SMP 2 Jekulo Kudus by utilising digital technology. The main objective of this development platform is to improve the efficiency and quality of the management of teacher professional development programs. The problem to be overcome is the slow process of submitting promotion files which are often unstructured, thus hampering teacher career development. This platform provides a document management feature that makes it easier for users to submit promotion files. With this feature, teachers can upload the required documents, unify the application status in real time, and receive notifications regarding their application process. This not only speeds up the process but also reduces the possibility of loss or error in document management. The specific impact of implementing this website on the teacher promotion process includes increasing transparency and accountability in applying for promotions. With a structured system, teachers can more easily meet the requirements set, contributing to their increased professionalism. The use of MySQL as a database also ensures that data is managed quickly and efficiently. Overall, this website is expected to be an effective digital solution in supporting the teacher promotion process while improving the quality of education at SMP 2 Jekulo Kudus.
Analysis of Rice Yield Prediction with Mlpregressor and Long Short-Term Memory Models
Authors: Sunoto  , Mangapul Siahaan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyse and compare the accuracy of rice productivity prediction using Multi-Layer Perceptron  Regressor (MLPRegressor) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. The data used comes from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) for the period 2018-2023, covering rice productivity from 34 provinces in Indonesia. The study employed six different architectural models for each model, with training data using the 2018-2020 period and testing data for 2021-2023. The results show that the LSTM model with 2-42-42-42-1 architecture achieved the highest accuracy rate of 94.12% with MSE 0.00305660, while the MLPRegressor model with 2-22-1 architecture achieved 91.18% accuracy with MSE 0.00471975. These results indicate that LSTM performs slightly better in predicting rice productivity, which can be used as a reference for agricultural planning and food policy in Indonesia.
Video analysis of biomechanical risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in loincloths female weavers Faso Dan Fani in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sawadogo Amidou , Nana Brigitte , Ouédraogo Brahima , Cissé Abdoul Rahamane
Published: December 2024

Background The purpose of this study is to describe the kinematic characteristics of manual weaving related to the biomechanical risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders. Methods The welve professional female weavers participated in this study. The video recording of their workstations was performed perpendicularly in the sagittal and transverse planes in a synchronized manner, at about 2.45 m and for 5 minutes. The videos were then analyzed using the Kinove software. Statistical processing by the statistical SPSS 22 software. Results The results identified a succession of cycles, each with two important phases called the “interlacing” phase and the “winding/adjustment” phase. The average cycle time is 127.9 ± 11.7 seconds. The “interlacing” phase is the longest and concerns an average 80% of the cycle time or 103.5 ± 35.9 seconds. The segmental movements are mainly flexion-extension type with angular variations constantly above the acceptable limits. It is the same for the repetitiveness of the movements which solicit the upper limb and the trunk particularly. Conclusions These results recommend one of the actions to prevent musculoskeletal disorders including instructions on postures and frequencies of weaving movements as well as physical exercises adapted to the physical needs of practitioners.
The Prognostic Value of Bendopnea In-Hospital Mortality In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Sivri Fatih , Koyuncu İlhan , Gül İlker , Lütfüllah Ardiç Mustafa , İçen Yahya Kemal
Published: December 2024

Background: Bendopnea, also known as flexi-dyspnea, has recently been defined as the development of shortness of breath within 30 seconds by bending forward in patients with systolic and decompensated heart failure. There is no clear data in the literature regarding acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and in-hos-pital mortality. This study investigated the effect of the presence of bendopnea on in-hospital mortality in ACS patients.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on patients admitted with ACS (unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)) between March 2023 and January 2024. The presence of orthopnea, bendopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea PND and venous jugular distention (VJD) recorded. Coronary angiography was performed in all patients. A total of 395 patients were enrolled in this study.
Results: The patients were divided into 2 groups as living and deceased. The deceased group was significantly older. Bendopnea, PND, and orthopnea were statistically higher in the deceased group. left ventricular ejec-tion fraction(LVEF) was statistically lower, syntax score was statistically higher in the deceased group. Age (%95 CI:1.254-1.627 , OR: 1.411 p:0.001), uric acid (%95 CI: 1.151-1.394 OR: 1.278 p:0.001), bendopnea (%95 CI: 1.285-1.611 OR: 1.452 p: 0.001), syntax score (%95 CI: 1.103-1.358 OR: 1.258 p:0.001) were shown to be independent risk factors for mortality.
Conclusions: The presence of bendopnea in patients with ACS may be closely associated with in-hospital mor-tality.
Comparison of Thoracolumbar Interfascial Plane-to-Skin Distances at Different Lumbar Levels and Positions Under Ultrasonography
Authors: Çiçek Recep , Pehlivan Veli Fahri , Pehlivan Başak , Duran Erdoğan
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aimed to determine the optimal lumbar level and patient position for performing the thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block by evaluating the distance between the thoracolumbar interfascial plane and the skin using ultrasound guidance. Additionally, we explored the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this distance.
Materials and Methods: Eighty patients aged 18 to 65 years undergoing upper lumbar region surgery were evaluated. The thoracolumbar interfascial plane-to-skin distance was measured at L1 and L3 levels in three po-sitions: sitting, lateral, and prone, using a high-frequency ultrasound probe. Measurements were conducted without needle insertion, ensuring clarity and accuracy. Patient demographics, including age and body mass index (BMI), were recorded and analyzed to assess their impact on these measurements.
Results: The thoracolumbar interfascial plane was significantly closer to the skin at the L1 level compared to L3 across all positions (p<0.01). Among the positions, the prone position provided the closest plane-to-skin dis-tance and the clearest ultrasound image, allowing better visualization of anatomical landmarks. Conversely, the sitting position produced the poorest image quality and was the least comfortable for patients. Furthermore, a moderate positive correlation was found between BMI and the thoracolumbar plane-to-skin
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the L1 level and prone position are optimal for TLIP block application, offering clearer imaging and easier block administration. For obese patients, the prone position is particularly advantageous as it reduces the skin-to-plane distance, potentially minimizing procedural difficulty and compli-cation risks. These insights contribute to the optimization of TLIP block techniques, especially in patient popu-lations with higher BMI. Further studies are recommended to confirm these findings and expand clinical appli-cations.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT MODELLING TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING WELD STRENGTH IN LASER TRANSMISSION WELDS OF OAK WOOD POWDER-REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE PARTS
Authors: Kapuyanyika Munyaradzi , Ude Albert Uchenna , Chinnasamy Vivekanandhan
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the feasibility of laser transmission welding to join a one hundred percent homopolypropylene transparent part with a fifteen percent by-weight white oak wood fibre-reinforced homopolypropylene absorbent part in a lap-joint configuration. The effects of laser power, welding speed, stand-off distance and clamp pressure on the weld strength were examined, alongside the use of response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural networks (ANN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict weld strength. Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R²) were used to evaluate the models, considering the impact of fibre orientation, moisture content and heat conductivity. Results showed that stand-off distance was the most significant parameter which affects weld strength, followed by welding speed, while laser power and clamp pressure had minimal effects. R² values were 0.90, 0.93, and 0.99 for RSM, ANN and ANFIS, respectively, with RMSE values of 0.61, 0.48 and 0.29, and MAE percentages of 8.20, 6.10 and 3.90. These results suggest that all models effectively predicted weld strength, with ANFIS providing the highest accuracy, followed by ANN and RSM.