bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of the Surface Excess Charge Layer in Droplets
Authors: Kwan Victor , Consta Styliani
Published: February 2020

Charged droplets play a central role in native mass spectrometry, atmospheric aerosols and in serving as micro-reactors for accelerating chemical reactions. The surface excess charge layer in droplets has often been associated with distinct chemistry. Using molecular simulations we have found that this layer is ≈ 1.5−1.7 nm thick and depending on the droplet size it includes 33%-55% of the total number of ions. Here, we examine the eﬀect of droplet size and sign of ions in the structure of the surface excess charge layer by using molecular dynamics. We ﬁnd that the thickness of the surface excess charge layer is invariant not only with respect to droplet size but also with respect to the nature of the ions and it is not sensitive to ﬁne details of diﬀerent force ﬁelds used in our simulations. We also ﬁnd that diﬀerences in the average water dipole orientation in the presence of positive and negative ions in this layer are reﬂected in the charge distributions. Within the surface charge layer, the number of hydrogen bonds reduces gradually relative to the droplet interior where the number of hydrogen bonds is on the average 2.9 for droplets of diameter < 4 nm and 3.5 for larger droplets. The decrease in the number of hydrogen bonds from the interior to the surface is less pronounced in larger droplets. In droplets with diameter < 4 nm and high concentration of ions the charge of the ions is not compensated only by the solvent polarization charge but by the total charge that also includes the other free charge. This ﬁnding shows exceptions to the commonly made assumption that the solvent “neutralizes” the charge of the ions in solvents with very high dielectric constant. The simulation ﬁndings provide molecular insight into the bi-layer droplet structure assumed in the equilibrium partitioning model of C. Enke.
Structural characterisation, citral retention and thermal properties of the inclusion complex of rice starch–lemongrass extract
Authors: Hashim M.A. , Yahya F. , Hamzah Y. , W.M. Wan Aida , Khalid K.H.
Published: February 2020

The citral compound that contributes to the strong-lemony odour of lemongrass has high
volatility and low physicochemical stability. To overcome the problems, the inclusion
complex of the encapsulation technique was applied with rice starch as a coating material
to improve the stability and protect against any unfavourable reaction. Therefore, this
study was conducted to determine the structural characterization, citral retention and
thermal properties of native rice starch, gelatinised rice starch, inclusion complex of rice
starch–citral compound, and inclusion complex of rice starch–lemongrass extract.
Lemongrass extract and standard citral compound were homogenised into rice starch
dispersion at 80oC for 15 mins and freeze-dried at −50.0±2.0oC. The formation of the
inclusion complex powder was determined using different analyses including
morphological structure using the scanning electron microscope, crystallinity structure
was determined with X-ray diffractometer, identification and quantification of citral
compound using HS-SPME-GC-FID and the thermal properties of inclusion complex
analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry. The microstructure of both inclusion
complex of rice starch-lemongrass extract and rice starch-citral compound exhibited a
laminated multiangular shape with crumble formation together with the characteristics of
V-type pattern of crystalline complexes. The low degree of crystallinity of the inclusion
complex of rice starch–lemongrass extract obtained high in citral entrapment
(29.34±3.13%) with the highest concentration of citral retention (7.33±0.78 ppm). Both
inclusion complex of rice starch-citral compound and rice starch-lemongrass extract
displayed an endothermic peak at 138oC, which is attributed to an inclusion complex
occurrence with significant difference (p<0.05) of enthalpy of 0.44±0.05 J/g and
1.61±0.70 J/g, respectively. These findings showed that rice starch was effective in
complexing with aroma compounds in improving the stability and protecting the citral
compound of lemongrass extract from any unwanted changes. This inclusion complex
should be regarded as an important strategy in designing a novel model of citral
compound of lemongrass for food flavouring application.ha
PEMBUATAN PRODUK INSTAN MINUMAN HERBAL BIR PLETOK
Authors: Alif Hefni Henidar , Tiadeka Pemta
Published: February 2020

Nowaday, people have more attention for their health. They think healthy food or drink came from herbal plant. There are many ways to cultivate plant until they are ready to be harvested. UPT Materia Medica Batu is one of unit that managing plant from cultivate, harvest, making herbal product and analyxing those product.  Bir Pletok is one kind of drink that made from ginger, cinnamon,lemongrass,clove, cardamom and secang wood. This herbal drink is believed can imcrease body fit. The purpose of this study is to formulate an acceptable herbal drink as bir pletok. Bir pletok is preparated into two formula (formula I and formula II). The difference between those formula is composition of ginger and secang wood. Sensory analysis is done to determine the panel’s acceptance include colour, taste and aroma characteristic. The result of this research is showed that bir pletok with formula I is getting good colour and taste. It came from secang wood that given interested red colour and low quantity of ginger so giving good taste. There is 15 panelis that participated to Sensory analysis. It can be conclude that 26,6% panelis very liked bir pletok with formula II based on colour. Then 13,3% said very like bir pletok with formula II depend on aroma and taste. This bir pletok formula II is better served hot or cold.
Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Kuningan Terhadap Kuat tekan Beton Mutu K-225
Authors: Maryanto Maryanto , Winarto Sigit , Krisnawati Lucia Desti
Published: February 2020

Pembangunan dalam bidang konstruksi di era modern menunjukkanperkembangan yang sangat pesat, sehingga menuntut teknologi beton yang semakin inovatif dengan menciptakan inovasi-inovasi baru mengenai campuran beton itu sendiri. Penambahan limbah serbuk kuningan sebagai bahan substitusi parsial pasir pada campuran beton bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak terhadap nilai kuat tekan beton mutu K-225.Penelitian dimulai dengan rancangan pembuatan benda uji dengan variasipenambahan limbah serbuk kuningan pada campuran beton sebesar 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30% dari berat kebutuhan agregat halus. Jumlah benda uji Masing-masing variasi dibuat 2 benda uji bentuk kubus 15x15x15 cm. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur beton 14 dan 28 hari.Perawatan benda uji dilakukan dengan cara perendaman pada air tawarselama 13 dan 27 hari kemudian di uji kuat tekan beton untuk mengetahui hasil yang didapat dari penambahan limbah serbuk kuningan pada campuran beton.Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kuat tekan beton pada umur uji 14 hari (0%) 226 kg/cm2, (10%) 242 kg/cm2, (20%) 233 kg/cm2, (30%) 211 kg/cm2, dan pada umur uji 28 hari (0%) 250 kg/cm2, (10%) 276 kg/cm2, (20%) 267 kg/cm2, (30%) 259 kg/cm2. Nilai kuat tekan maksimum yang di dapat dari penambahan limbah kuningan pada campuran beton yaitu 10% sebesar 242 kg/cm2 pada umur beton 14 hari dan umur 28 hari sebesar 276 kg/cm2. Penambahan limbah serbuk kuningan terlalu banyak justru mengalami penurunan kuat tekan. Sehingga bisa disimpulkan penambahan limbah serbuk kuningan yang paling menguntungkan adalah 10% dari berat kebutuhan agregat halus.Kata kunci : Beton, Serbuk Kuningan, Kuat Tekan
Study Perencanaan Pondasi Tiang Pancang Jembatan Sembayat Baru II Kecamatan Manyar Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Febriantoro Feri , Purnomo Yosef Cahyo Setianto , Ridwan Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Struktur bangunan bawah jembatan berperan sangat penting dalam komposisi suatu jembatan. Tanpa perencanaan yang baik pada struktr bangunan bawah jembatan yang meliputi kekuatan pertahanan tanah, pilar tengah, tiang pancang, maka bangunan atas tidak akan berfungsi dengan baik. Penggunaan pondasi tiang pancang harus diperhitungkan dengan teliti agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal. Hasil pembahasan ini meliputi daya dukung tanah yang kuat pada lokasi tersebut terdapat kedalaman 37 m, dengan nilai N-SPT 4632,65 kN dan beban yang mampu ditahan sebesar 10.572,66 kN, dengan perhitungan daya dukung tiang pancang melalui beberapa kali percobaan kombinasi susunan kelompok tiang untuk mencari tiang pancang dan diperoleh 18 tiang pancang dengan diameter 0,50 m.Kata kunci : Perencanaan, Pondasi, Tiang Pancang.
PENELITIAN CAMPURAN ASPAL BETON MENGGUNAKAN PASIR VULKANIK GUNUNG KELUD DENGAN LIMBAH BOTOL PLASTIK
Authors: Isma Evrilyana Cici Sri , Ridwan Ahmad , Cahyo Yosef
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe use of a mixture of plastic bottle waste on concrete asphalt as an additional material for pavement is one of the alternatives used to obtain a good quality pavement layer. And innovation in the use of volcanic sand from Kelud Mountain as a substitute for brantas sand This addition also aims to reduce the amount of plastic waste that is difficult to decipher, in order to reduce the presence of waste so that it does not cause adverse impacts on the community. This study aims to determine the characteristic properties of asphalt with a mixture of plastic bottle wastes. The results of the research are the addition of plastic bottle waste by 2%, 3%, and 5%. % - 5% can meet the laston mixture specification (AC-BC). Keywords: Concrete Asphalt, Plastic Bottle Waste, Marshall Test.
PERENCANAAN ALTERNATIF GEOMETRIK DAN METODE PELAKSANAAN RUAS JALAN NGRAHO – NGAWI STA.14+500 - STA.19+500
Authors: Harmawanto Agung Gagah , Setianto Poernomo Yosef Cahyo , Winarto Sigit
Published: February 2020

Ngraho - Ngawi Sta. 14 + 500 – Sta. 19 + 500 highway is a collector connecting Bojonegoro to Ngawi Due to high traffic density, a road geometric Development is in need. The objective of this final project is to plan a good alternative geometric design-safe, comfortable, and easy to access. The required data were of topographic map and the road geometric design was based on the “Tata Cara Perencanaan Geometrik Jalan Antar Kota” General Works Standart No. 038/TBM/1997. The calculations result in Class 2 – lane collector road with one lane of 3 m wide having 8 turns, twists PI1 Spiral-Spiral, PI2 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI3 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI4 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI5 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI6 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI7 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, and turn PI8 Spiral-Spiral shape PPV PPV 1 concave and 2 convex, concave 3 PPV.Jalan provinsi ruas Ngraho – Ngawi Sta. 14+500 – Sta. 19+500 adalah jalan kolektor yang menghubungkan kota Bojonegoro - Ngawi. Karena lalu lintasnya padat, maka perlu diadakan peningkatan geometrik jalan.  Dalam laporan akhir ini penulis membuat perencanaan alternatif desain geometrik jalan yang baik-aman,nyaman, dan mudah diakses oleh pengguna jalan. Data yang digunakan adalah peta topografi dan perencanaan desain geometrik jalan berpedoman oleh “Tata Cara Perencanaan Geometrik Jalan Antar Kota” Standar Bina Marga No.038/TBM/1997. Dari perhitungan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: kelas jalan kolektor dengan 2 lajur 1 jalur dan memiliki lebar 3 m, 8 tikungan, tikungan PI1Spiral-Spiral, PI2 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI3 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI4 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI5 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI6 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI7 Spiral-Circle-Spiral,dan tikunganPI8 Spiral-Spiralbentuk PPV 1 cekung dan PPV 2 cembung, PPV 3 cekung.
STUDI ANALISA DAMPAK LALU LINTAS DIKAWASAN PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG OLAH RAGA KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Authors: Mahudi Ela , Setianto Poernomo Yosef Cahyo , Ridwan Ahmad
Published: February 2020

The construction of the Sports Building will lead to an increase in traffic volume. The study aims to find out the Average Daily Traffic, predicting the degree of saturation in the sections and intersections around the construction at peak hours in 2024 or after 5 years of the study is carried out. They are using data collection methods and transportation modeling methods as well as micro approaches for the analysis of transportation system performance. The results of the Average Daily Traffic Survey (LHR) are 0.50 with a service level of C. In the prediction in 2024, if there is no development in the area, the degree of saturation will be 0.70 with service level C. In 2024, if there is an increase in traffic flow. This happens because, based on the analysis, it is obtained generation of 71 pcs / hour and a pull of 129 pcs / hour. Average Daily Traffic (LHR) and Performance of roads and intersections around the Sports Hall in 2024 are still normal based on the degree of saturation of 0.70 and the level of service C. Suggestions and recommendations need to regulate vehicle circulation and installation of warning lights around the Sports Building.Pembangunan Gedung Olahraga akan menyebabkan peningkatan volume lalu lintas. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui Rata-rata Lalu Lintas Harian, memprediksi derajat kejenuhan pada ruas-ruas dan persimpangan di sekitar konstruksi pada jam puncak tahun 2024 atau setelah 5 tahun penelitian dilakukan. Mereka menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dan metode pemodelan transportasi serta pendekatan mikro untuk analisis kinerja sistem transportasi. Hasil Average Daily Traffic Survey (LHR) adalah 0,50 dengan service level C.Pada prediksi tahun 2024 jika tidak ada pembangunan di wilayah tersebut maka derajat kejenuhannya akan menjadi 0,70 dengan service level C. Pada tahun 2024, jika terjadi peningkatan arus lalu lintas. Hal ini terjadi karena berdasarkan analisis diperoleh pembangkitan 71 pcs / jam dan tarikan 129 pcs / jam. Rata-rata Lalu Lintas Harian (LHR) dan Kinerja Jalan dan Persimpangan di sekitar Gedung Olah Raga pada tahun 2024 masih normal berdasarkan derajat kejenuhan 0,70 dan tingkat pelayanan C. Saran dan rekomendasi perlu pengaturan sirkulasi kendaraan dan pemasangan lampu peringatan di sekitar Gedung Olahraga.
ANALISA SISTEM JARINGAN DRAINASE (STUDI KASUS : DESA SUMENGKO, KECAMATAN SUKOMORO, KABUPATEN NGANJUK)
Authors: Agustin Nita Kusuma , Ridwan Ahmad , Sudjati Sudjati
Published: February 2020

Drainage channels or flood control buildings are 12 general components of physical infrastructure that are useful to meet the needs of the community and are an important component of road support buildings. In the problem of flooding that occurred in some neighborhoods in the village of Sumengko, an analysis of the existing drainage channels is needed. This activity is expected to help solve flood problems in the area. The research method used is descriptive quantitative, the method of calculation, and translation of the results of field data processing. With this method, the research results obtained at 0.41 m3 / second for flood planning (Qr) using a rational formula for a 10-year period and 0.12 m3 / second for the capacity of the drainage channel (Qs). While the comparative requirements that meet are Qs≥Qr. So there needs to be an analysis of the drainage channel. From the analysis of the dimensions of the drainage channel, a new trapezoidal channel with a width of the bottom channel (b): 0.40 m; depth of waterlogged channel (h): 0.35 m; and guard height (w): 0.20 mSaluran drainase atau bangunan pengendali banjir merupakan 12 komponen umum fasilitas fisik insfrastruktur yang berguna untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dan merupakan kompenen penting bangunan penunjang jalan. Dalam permasalahan banjir yang terjadi pada sebagian lingkungan Desa Sumengko diperlukan analisa terhadap saluran drainase eksisting. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan banjir di daerah tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakandeskriptif kuantitatif, yaitu metode perhitungan dan penjabaran dari hasil pengolahan data lapangan. Dengan metode tersebut didapatkan hasil penelitian sebesar 0,41 m3/detik untuk debit banjir rencana (Qr) yang menggunakan rumus rasional untuk periode 10 tahunan dan 0,12 m3/detik untuk untuk kapasitas daya tampung saluran drainase (Qs). Sedangkan Syarat perbandingan yang memenuhi ialah Qs≥Qr. Sehingga perlu adanya analisa terhadap saluran drainase tersebut.Dari analisa dimensi saluran drainase yang dilakukan, menghasilkan saluran baru bentuk trapesium dengan lebar bawah saluran (b) : 0,40 m; kedalaman saluran yang tergenang air (h) : 0,35 m; dan tinggi jagaan (w) :0,20 m.
Observation of vector solitary waves in soft laminates using a finite volume method
Authors: Ziv Ron , Shmuel Gal
Published: February 2020

Soft materials with engineered microstructure support nonlinear waves which can be harnessed for various applications, from signal communication to impact mitigation. Such waves are governed by nonlinear coupled differential equations whose analytical solution is seldom trackable, hence emerges the need for suitable numerical solvers. Based on a finite-volume method in one space dimension, we here develop a designated scheme for nonlinear waves with two coupled components that propagate in soft laminates. We apply our scheme to a periodic laminate made of two alternating compressible Gent layers, and consider two cases. In one case, we analyze a motion whose component along the lamination direction is coupled to a component in the layers plane, and discover vector solitary waves in a continuum medium. In the second case, we analyze a motion with two coupled components in the plane of the layers, and observe a train of linearly polarized solitary waves, followed by a single circularly polarized wave. The framework we developed offers a platform for further investigation of these waves and their extension to higher dimensional problems.
Too much of a good thing? Excessive use across behaviours and associations with mental health
Authors: Zendle David
Published: February 2020

Background and AimsThe case for the existence of pathological video game and social media use is often supported by two arguments. First, that excessive usage of these technologies is particularly associated with psychopathological conditions such as depression and anxiety. Second, that specific features of these technologies make them particularly likely to be used to excess. However, it is presently unclear whether this is the case.DesignTwo large scale online surveys were conducted on representative samples of UK adults. The first (n=1430) investigated correlations between psychopathology and excessive engagement in a variety of common leisure pursuits including video gaming and social media use. The second (n=1184) examined whether video games and social media were more likely to be engaged in to excess than other common pursuits.Sample StudiedTwo nationally representative samples of UK adults aged 18+ were recruited via prolific.co, an online panel provider.MeasurementsExcessive engagement in a variety of activities were measured via adaptations of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. Depression and anxiety were measured via administration of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 respectively.FindingsExcessive engagement in all measured activities was linked to both depression and anxiety. All relationships were of a clinically important magnitude. Using IGD criteria, excessive gaming was more prevalent than excessive engagement in other leisure pursuits. It is unclear whether this reflects actual differences in excessive use or limitations of the IGD symptoms. Relationships remained significant when self-criticism was accounted for, but were reduced in magnitude to potentially sub-clinical levels. ConclusionsLinks to psychopathology were similar across a wide variety of activities, suggesting that excessive technology use is not uniquely harmful to mental health. Additionally, the negative effects of excessive technology use on psychopathology are partly explained by self-criticism, highlighting the importance of this factor in the future measurement of behavioural overuse conditions. Using IGD criteria, excessive gaming is more prevalent than excessive engagement in other activities, which may reflect either the special nature of games, or problems with the IGD criteria.
Maternal Stress and Pregnancy Outcomes. Evidence from a natural experiment: the 2004 Madrid Train Bombings
Authors: Cozzani Marco , Triventi Moris , Bernardi Fabrizio
Published: February 2020

Previous studies have shown that the reproduction of social background inequality start at births and even in the womb. We advance the understanding of the inequality in early life outcomes by analyzing whether prenatal stress affects prematurity and low birth weight and how this effect varies by parental socio-economic status. To address the endogeneity of prenatal stress and pregnancy outcomes we use a natural experiment and consider the 2004 Madrid train bombings as an exogenous source of stress. Compared to other natural experiments used in prior research, our design has higher credibility and enable us to exclude biases due to various confounders. We analyze administrative data referring to the whole population of newborns in Spain and use a difference-in-differences design with a synthetic control approach. We find that children exposed to the Madrid bombing had a higher risk of prematurity and low birth weight, and that this detrimental effect is concentrated among low-SES offspring. We discuss four possible mechanisms to explain this heterogeneity and rely on findings of previous research and on information from additional data to test their plausibility. In the conclusions we highlight the broader implications of our findings for the reproduction of social inequalities across generations.
Kemudahan dan Kepercayaan Menggunakan E-Commerce Berpengaruh Terhadap Keputusan Dalam Pembelian Online dengan Metode Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Oscar Dony , Retnoningsih Endang
Published: February 2020

Abstract - The use of e-commerce by consumers has provided many advantages that have been obtained both from the seller and even the buyer. The greater the interest of consumers in using ecommerce services is to make more and more players in providing e-commerce services and make them provide services to the best to the users. Basically, a site is information technology. Measuring the level of decisions in online purchases can use three variables such as ease of shopping, and trust in onile purchases will impact decisions on online purchases can be used in case studies of IT acceptance over the last few decades. In this study in 3 variables used using 116 samples with 9 questions and where all valid variables only 1 variable failed, with the value of reliability = 0.892> 0.6.

Keyword: e-commerce, TAM, Decision
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Sepatu Menggunakan Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 Puji Astuti
Authors: Astuti Puji
Published: February 2020

Abstrac - The rapid advancement of science and technology increasingly encourages people to improve and even create a new technology that benefits humans. Computers are one proof of technological advancement today. Not all businesses are already using computerized systems. In this study the authors looked directly at people who have small businesses or medium enterprises in the sale of shoes still manually. So it is necessary to create a good information system and useful for the sale of shoes by using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. data collection method used is observation and literature study. Software development methods used starting from the needs analysis, system design and software and implementation of systems and software. Making this sales application by using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, storage using Microsoft Access and Crystal Report as a media report generation. The results of the preparation of this writing in the form of a computerized application system in the sale of shoes, resulting in reports sales transactions are faster, precise, effective, and accurate.

Keywords: Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, Sales System
Aplikasi Multimedia Interaktif Pengenalan Pahlawan Nasional (Studi Kasus: SD Swasta Daan Mogot 1 Keroncong Kota Tangerang)
Authors: Sigit Sigit , Butar Belsana Butar
Published: February 2020

Abstract - The conventional teaching and learning process for most students is very boring, because only listening to the explanation from the teacher and also using the textbook as a reference for learning so that when students learn less attention to the material delivered. To overcome this, an interactive application was made about learning the introduction of Indonesian national heroes. The use of interactive animation as a visual media will make it easier for teachers to deliver material about national heroes and make it easier for students to remember national heroes as well as their history. Multimedia applications are applications that are designed and built by combining elements such as text/documents, sounds, images, animations and videos. With the use of multimedia, learning about national heroes can be more interactive, increasing students' motivation during the learning process until the desired learning goals are obtained. Before making the application using Adobe Flash Professional CS6 software (Action Script 2.0), storyboard design was used in the form of a picture in the form of a box as the main guide in making animation. From the discussions and questionnaires that have been disseminated, this animation is useful to help and facilitate teachers and parents to be able to introduce national heroes and also develop the mindset of early-level Daan Mogot 1 Keroncong Elementary School Tangerang City level five and create an atmosphere of learning while playing interesting for children.

Key words: Multimedia, Learning National Hero, Animation, Storyboard
THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DISPOSABLE DIAPERS WASTE AS PARTITION WALL PANEL IN BUILDING MATERIAL
Authors: Mohd Fodzi Muhammad Haikal
Published: February 2020

In recent years, there have been an increasing of solid waste in Malaysia which gave negative effects towards the environments from various aspects such as human health, animal habitat, soil condition and space usage of landfill. This paper study the physical properties of disposable diapers waste which is one type of polymer as building materials. This waste is a fundamental property in reducing the cost effective materials, saving time and help increasing sustainability for the environment. The main objective of this study is to determine the density and porosity of the sample with the present of the disposable diapers waste. The presence of the waste as fillers in the mixture reduce the density of sample and create lightweight building materials.
Adaptation from Flooring Level of Stilt House in Sustainable Settlement Musi Riverside Palembang
Authors: Wicaksono Bambang
Published: February 2020

The development of Musi Riveside house was influenced by the role of the river. The form of Musi riverside house is a riverside house and a stilt house. The choice to build stilt house is inseparable from the condition of the land in South Sumatra,  which is generally in the form of wetlands. The level / height of the stage of flooring house is influenced by the condition of the house in the settlement layer, given the higher volume of water due to the denser density of the riverside houses. The high pole of the house is a form of adaptation to the high volume / tide of river water in the rainy season. The stilt house or pillar houses is a sustainable alternative to the Musi Palembang riverside community. Changes in house elements from wood material to permanent material resulting in riverside houses characterized by land houses.
KAJIAN STRUKTURALISME SEMIOTIK DALAM NOVEL SALAH PILIH KARYA NUR ST. ISKANDAR
Authors: Herlina Eli
Published: February 2020

Analisis mengunakan pendekatan strukturalisme semiotik. Menurut pendekatan strukturalisme semiotik sastra, karya sastra dilihat hubungannya dengan kenyataan, sejauh mana karya sastra itu mencerminkan kenyataan. Kenyataan di sini mengandung arti yang cukup luas, yakni segala sesuatu yang berada di luar karya sastra dan yang diacu oleh karya sastra. Analisis ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berapa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang diamati (Bogdan dan Tylor dalam moleong 2004:14). Penenelitian ini membahas tentang tanda (simbol) dan menekankan makna dalam sebuah karya sastra, ikon, dan indeks yang terdapat pada novel Salah Pilih karya Nur St. Iskandar.

 

Kata kunci: Strukturalisme Semiotik, Novel Salah Pilih, Nur St. Iskandar.
PERBANDINGAN GAYA BAHASA CERPEN ANGKATAN 66 DENGAN ANGKATAN 2000
Authors: Saroni
Published: February 2020

Sejarah perkembangan sastra nasional terletak pada adanya kesinambungan antara satu periode dengan periode lainnya, baik ditinjau dari segi formal maupun dari segi perkembangan masyarakatperbandingan karya sastra dapat mengembangkan dan memperdalam pemahaman dalam mengapresiasi karya sastra. Salah satunya adalah membandingkan gaya bahasa cerpen Angkatan 66 dengan Angkatan 2000. Akan tetapi kurangnya pengetahuan siswa mengenai gaya bahasa dalam karya sastra khususnya cerpen. Pembelajaran sastra yang digunakan kurang bervariatif, siswa dan guru belum banyak mengenal angkatan dalam sejarah sastra khususnya 66 dan 2000. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini; 1) bagaimanakah gaya bahasa cerpen Angkatan 66?; 2) bagaimana gaya bahasa cerpen Angkatan 2000?; 3) adakah perbedaan gaya bahasa cerpen Angkatan 66 dan Angkatan 2000? Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, suatu metode yang peneliti sebagai instrumen kunci, pengambilan sampel, sumber data dilakukan secara sengaja dan, teknik pengumpulan dengan gabungan, analisis data bersifat induktif/kualitatif.

Maka dapat diketahui bahwa; 1) Angkatan 66 lebih banyak menggunakan gaya bahasa pada cerpennya dibandimgkan dengan Angkatan 2000; 2) persamaan pada penggunaan gaya bahasa yang sering muncul, yaitu sama-sama sering menggunakan gaya bahasa hiperbola atau menyatakan suatu pernyataan berlebihan dari kenyataannya dengan maksud memberikan kesan mendalam atau meminta perhatian; 3) perbedaan yang terjadi pada gaya bahasa cerpen dari kedua angkatan tersebut Angkatan 66 lebih banyak menggunakan gaya bahasa metafora atau majas yang mengungkapkan ungkapan secara langsung berupa perbandingan analogis sedangkan Angkatan 2000 yang lebih banyak menggunakan gaya bahasa pleonasme atau majas yang menggunakan kata-kata secara berlebihan dengan maksud menegaskan arti suatu kata.

 

Kata Kunci: perbandingan, gaya bahasa, cerpen, Angkatan 66, Angkatan 2000.
NILAI SOSIAL NOVEL KELIR SLINDET KARYA KEDUNG DARMA ROMANSHA BERDASARKAN TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMILIH BAHAN AJAR SASTRA DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARANNYA
Authors: Tarsinih Eny
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang masalah penelitian ini sebagai berikut: (1) Pemahaman nilai-nilai sosial dapat dijadikan sebagai pandangan dan tolak ukur membandingkan baik buruknya kualitas suatu masyarakat yang berada di sekeliling peserta didik; (2) Peserta didik mampu memahami keadaan sosial di sekitarnya; (3) Pembelajaran analisis novel kurang bervariasi masih banyak mengkaji unsur intrinsiknya saja; (4) Penerapan model pembelajaran yang kurang digandrungi oleh kebanyakan peserta didik.

Berdasarkan latar belakang masalah di atas, rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana struktur novel Kelir Slindet karya Kedung Darma Romansha? (2) Bagaimana nilai-nilai sosial yang terdapat dalam novel Kelir Slindet  karya Kedung Darma Romansha? (3) Apakah Novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha layak dijadikan alternatif bahan ajar sastra di SMP atau SMA? (4) Bagaimanakah model pembelajaran yang dapat digunakanuntuk novel Kelir Slindet karya Kedung Darma Romansha dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran sastra?

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Metode kualitatif adalah metode penelitian  yang berlandaskan pada filsafat post-positivisme, digunakan untuk meneliti pada objek yang alamiah. Penulis memilih metode ini karena sumber datanya sudah tersedia tanpa harus melakukan perlakuan (treatment).

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, struktur intrinsik dalam novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha memuat tema utama mengenai percintaan; alur yang terdapat pada novel adalah alur campuran; latar novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha bertempat di Cikedung, perkampungan, musholla, panggung, dan balai desa, serta berlatar waktu malam, sore, siang; secara umum amanat yang terkandung dalam novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha adalah kita harus pandai dalam menyikapi hidup, lingkungan punya pengaruh besar, jadilah manusi yang berprinsip kuat; nilai sosial dalam novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha tentang persahabatan, kekompakan, persatuan, kepercayaan, keberagaman, gotong royong. Novel Kelir Slindet Karya Kedung Darma Romansha layak sebagai bahan ajar sastra berdasarkan tinjauan sosiologi sastra dan segi bahasa yang mudah dipahami, serta latar belakang kebudayaan yang hampir sama persis dengan kehidupan sehari-hari dan bukan hal baru bagi mereka.

 

Kata kunci: Nilai-nilai sosial, novel Kelir Slindet karya Kedung Darma Romansha, sosiologi sastra, bahan ajar, dan metode pembelajaran
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENENTU CEPAT RAMBAT GELOMBANG BUNYI DI UDARA MENGGUNAKAN TABUNG IMPEDANSI
Authors: Sulanjari Sulanjari
Published: February 2020

Abstrak: Untuk membantu pemahaman materi-materi tentang gelombang khususnya gelombang bunyi yang tidak dapat dilihat dengan mata, maka perlu dirancang sebuah alat yang dapat memvisualisasikan gelombang bunyi sehingga menjadi lebih nyata dan lebih mudah untuk dimengerti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang alat dan menentukan cepat rambat bunyi di udara dengan menggunakan tabung impedansi. Kelayakan alat dapat dilihat dengan membandingkan nilai cepat rambat bunyi yang di peroleh dengan teori. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan Audio Frequency Generator (AFG) sebagai sumber bunyi (frekuensi) yang dilewatkan pada tabung impedansi sehingga ditangkap microphone dan terbaca oleh software spectraLAB. Cepat rambat bunyi di udara dapat diperoleh dengan analisis fit linear pada software originPro8. Dengan variasi frekuensi 300Hz-1000Hz diperoleh nilai dari kecepatan rambat bunyi di udara pada suhu ruang adalah (349±13) m/s dengan koefisien korelasi 99,5% dan tingkat akurasi 97,4%. Kata kunci: Frekuensi,  Cepat rambat bunyi, tabung impedansi, SpectraLab, OriginPro8
ANALISA PENGUJIAN TURBIN AIR JENIS CROSSFLOW TERHADAP VARIASI DEBIT
Authors: Solihat Ihat , Astuti Edi Tri , Rudiat Hardy
Published: February 2020

Abstrak:Isu krisis energi terus berkembang, dimana dibutuhkan energi terbarukan agar dapat menggantikan energi fosil yang menurut perkiraan akan segera habis, sehingga apabila tidak ada energi yang terbarukan maka manusia akan kekurangan energi, salah satu upaya pengembangan energi terbarukan adalah tenaga air. Tenaga air adalah tenaga yang diperoleh dari air yang mengalir. Energi yang dimiliki air dapat dimanfaatkan dan digunakan dalam bentuk energi mekanis maupun energi listrik. Turbin crossflow mempunyai kontruksi yang sederhana dan memberikan biaya operasional kecil. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan instalasi penelitian yang tersusun atas beberapa peralatan utama. Diantaranya runner (piringan dan sudu), nozel, rotameter, preassure gauge, tachometer dan neraca pegas.penelitian ini menggunakan debit 0,000527 m³/s, 0,000611 m³/s dan 0,000694 m³/s dengan variasi volume air 0,05 m³, 0,1 m³, dan 0,2 m³, menggunakan sudu berjumlah 28 sudu. Unjuk kerja turbin crossflow ditunjukan berdasarkan tekanan, torsi, dan daya turbin serta efisiensi turbin yang diperhitungkan dari hasil pengujian. Hasil perhitungan menunjukan bahwa debit air 0,000694 m³/s yang lebih baik dibandingkan dari debit air 0,000527 m³/s yaitu pada putaran (315,4 rpm) torsi (0,5886 Nm) daya turbin (15,475 watt), daya air (34,722 watt) dan efisiensi turbin (44,6%) terjadi pada debit air 0,000694 m³/s.Kata kunci : Turbin Crossflow, Sudu, Volume, Efisiensi
Prevalence and Mortality Incidence of Poisoning Cases in Serdang Hospital
Authors: Leng Tan Hooi
Published: February 2020

In Malaysia, there were more than 35,000 poisoning cases enquiries were reported to the poison centre since its establishment from the year 1995 to 2014. The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of poisoning cases and antidote used in Serdang Hospital. All poisoning cases admitted to the Serdang Hospital between January 2007 to December 2016 were evaluated retrospectively by using consecutive sampling. Data were obtained from Electronic Hospital Information System (eHIS) by using data collection form. Descriptive statistic was used to analyse the data. 903 patients were included in our study. The prevalence of poisoning cases during the study period is 0.22%. The fatality rate was 1.8% (n=16). More detailed data reveals that young adults aged between 18 to 29 years old, 44.2% (n=399) has the preponderance of poisoning cases, and females, 59.7% (n=539) admission dominated over males. Most poisoning cases were intentional, 74.5% (n=673) and related to the use of non-opioid analgesics, 35.7% (n=322). In summary, these trends of poisonings provides a foundation to recognise areas for training and education on self-injury prevention among healthcare providers and public society.
KAJIAN EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI DENIANG KABUPATEN BANGKA
Authors: Hisyam Endang Setyawati , Shodiq Fajar
Published: February 2020

Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Deniang  terletak di Desa Deniang Kabupaten Bangka dengan luas DAS ± 7.768,42 Ha. Penyebab  kerusakan DAS ini adalah  aktifitas penambangan, perubahan tata guna lahan yang semula hutan menjadi tempat permukiman dan lahan pertanian yang tidak dikelola dengan baik sehingga  dampak yang ditimbulkan  adalah berkurangnya hutan sebagai pelindung alam, tanah mudah terkikis atau terjadinya erosi. Metode analisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui besarnya erosi yang terjadi dengan pendekatan USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation). Sedangkan untuk analisis sedimentasi pada Sungai Deniang menggunakan metode Duboys dan metode  Meyer Peter Muller. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan dengan metode USLE, maka diperoleh besar erosi total pada DAS Deniang yaitu  2.596.471,761 ton/tahun dengan klasifikasi bahaya erosi Kelas IV (Berat). Penyebab erosi di DAS Deniang disebabkan oleh Nilai P (faktor manajemen tanah) = 1, menunjukkan bahwa pada DAS ini  tidak ada upaya konservasi tanah. Dari hasil  perhitungan sedimen total yang terjadi Sungai Deniang menggunakan metode Duboys pada bagian hulu sebesar 114,124 Ton/Tahun, bagian tengah 7.728,545 Ton/Tahun dan pada bagian hilir sebesar 12.531,282 Ton/Tahun. Kemudian hasil sedimen total menggunakan rumus Meyer Peter Muller dibagian hulu sebesar 302,671 Ton/Tahun, bagian tengah 2.399,876 Ton/Tahun dan pada bagian hilir sebesar 4336,673 Ton/Tahun.
Dirençli Epilepsi Tedavisinde Modifiye Atkins Diyeti Uygulaması: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Kumru Burcu , Dai Alper
Published: February 2020

Ketojenik diyet; yüksek miktarda yağ, düşük miktarda karbonhidrat ve orta derecede protein içeren ve enerji kaynağı olarak karbonhidratlar yerine yağların kullanılmasını sağlayan bir diyettir. Yağların yıkılması sonucu ortaya çıkan ketonların beyne yaptığı bir etki mekanizması sayesinde epilepsi nöbetlerin azaldığı düşünülmektedir. Dirençli epilepside modifiye Atkins diyeti (MAD) ilk olarak 2003 yılında John Hopkins Hastanesi’nde geliştirilmiştir. MAD’de karbonhidrat alımı 10-20 g/gün iken enerji, protein, yağ (enerjinin yaklaşık %75’i) kısıtlaması yoktur ve hastalarda nöbet kontrolünü sağladığını gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. MAD, klasik ketojenik diyete göre daha az kısıtlayıcı ve uygulaması daha kolay olduğundan büyük çocuklar ve yetişkinlerde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda, dirençli epilepsisi olan hastaya uygulanan MAD’nin nöbetler üzerindeki etkinliği incelenmiştir. Diyet tedavisine başladıktan 2 ay sonra nöbetler kesilmiştir ve ciddi bir yan etki görülmemiştir. İlaca yanıt vermeyen dirençli epilepsi hastalarında MAD sağlık profesyonellerinin gözetimi altında uygulanarak etkin bir tedavi seçeneği olarak görülebilir.
Compound isolated from the cock’s comb and its effect on palmar arsenical keratosis
Authors: Sharmin Hazera , Misbahuddin Mir
Published: February 2020

This study was conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the ointment containing cock’s comb extract and to identify the compound that was effective in the treatment of palmar arsenical keratosis. On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 patients with moderate to severe palmar arsenical keratosis were enrolled from an arsenic endemic area. The ointment prepared from the cock’s comb extract was supplied to each patient at an interval of 2 weeks. Each patient was advised to apply the ointment on the nodule by rubbing gently up to 5 minutes and twice daily for 12 weeks. Improvement was monitored by measuring the nodular size before starting and after completion of the treatment. The mean (± SD) size of the nodules of the palm before treatment was 16.6 ± 5.0 mm2, which was reduced to 4.0 ± 3.8 mm2 after completion of the treatment. This reduction was statistically significant. To identify the effective compound nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectrophotometry, elemental analysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy of the extract were done yet conclusion could not be achieved.
The Research of the Need for Occupational Therapy in the Infant`s Foster Home
Authors: Repšaitė Viktorija , Kavaliauskienė Giedrė , Švedienė Ligija
Published: February 2020

The aim of the research was to examine the need for occupational therapy in the infant foster home. The study was conducted in December 2009 – March 2010 in Kaunas Child’s Development Clinic „Lopšelis“. Self-dependence and fine motor function evaluation were made according to DISC (Diagnostic Inventory for Screening Children). Sensory integration disorders were valuated by the questionnaire of evaluation of sensory integration filled in by the teachers (for children from birth to 2 years) which helped the teachers to evaluate the babies growing in the foster home. Evaluating fine motor skills we estimated that 22 children (57.9%) were of normal development, 13 children (34.2%) had development retardation and 3 children (7.9%) had development difficulties. Evaluating the self-dependence of the children growing in the infant foster home, we determined that 25 children (65.8%) were of normal development, 12 children (31.6%) had development retardation and 1 child (2.6%) had development difficulties. Both child‘s self-dependence and fine motor skills depend on the age (varies with the growth of a child). To assess the influence of the changes in living conditions on child’s development regardless of age, we created a new character – children’s part time (in percent) spent in infant foster homes. The results of the research revealed that the longer a child lives in a foster home, the more their self-dependence and fine motor skills weaken. The results of the questionnaire for assessment of sensory integration disorders were analyzed and total score of 9 areas was counted. It varied from 55 to 95 points, the average of the total score was 76.2 points. The correlation coefficient between sensory integration disorder (total score) and the time children spent in the infant foster home was r = 0.35, p = 0.08. Therefore, it can be stated with the 90 % reliability that the longer a child lived in a foster home, the more pronounced his / her sensory integration disorders were. Conclusions. 1. A large proportion of infants (20 (42.1%)) growing in the infant foster home have fine motor function development disorders: 13 children (34.2%) were stated to have fine motor development retardation, 3 children (7.9%) had development difficulties. 2. Infants growing in a foster home have disorders of the development of self-dependence skills. We found that 12 children (31.6%) had characteristic retardation of self-dependence skills development, and 1 child (2.6%) had development disorders. 3. Infants growing in the infant foster home have sensory integration disorders. The results of the research showed that 9 (35%) of the respondents had light sensory integration disorders, 10 (38%) respondents had medium sensory integration disorders and 1 (4%) respondent had pronounced sensory integration disorder.Keywords: occupational therapy, developmental disorders, foster homes.
The Influence of Different Footwear on Balance and Gait Recovery of Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury during the Second Phase of Rehabilitation
Authors: Šakalienė Rasa , Diliūnaitė Vaida
Published: February 2020

The individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have impairments of cognitive, social and motor functions. Gait impairment is a very important factor for individuals with TBI, since it directly affects the patients’ activities of daily living and their social integration in society. Impaired gait also increases the risk of falls. Gait and balance training is an important factor for the achievement of independence, quality of life and sense of security in moving for persons with TBI, but there is no common approach to these patients’ rehabilitation and gait training methods. It is not clear whether during physiotherapy the patients who wore MBT (Masai Barefoot Technology) shoes couldundergo gait and balance recovery more efficiently than those, who wore usual shoes. The aim of the research was to evaluate the influence of different footwear on balance and gait recovery in persons with traumatic brain injury during the second phase of rehabilitation. Research sample consisted of 30 individuals (19–43 yr) who suffered mild to moderate TBI. Targeted persons were randomily divided into two groups of 15 patients: the control group consisted of 15 patients – 10 men and 5 women (age 31.6 ± 8.3 yr), who received the gait and balance training program with normal shoes in the physiotherapy room. The experimental group also consisted of 15 patients – 12 men and 3 women (age 30.6 ± 6.2 yr). The patients of the experimental group did the same exercises, but during physiotherapy they wore MBT shoes. The changes of gait indices for both groups were assessed by Emory gait scale, the changes of balance – by Fullerton balance test. The control of balance and gait significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.001) after rehabilitation. However, the balance and gait improvement in the patients with mild and moderate TBI, who were wearing MBT shoes during the physiotherapy, was exactly the same as in persons, who were wearing usual shoes during the physiotherapy. So, the significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05) was not found. The wearing of MBT shoes during the physiotherapy procedures did not affect the balance and gait recovery in persons with mild and moderate TBI.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, physiotherapy, MBT shoes, gait.
Азіатська модель забезпечення інформаційної безпеки сучасних держав
Authors: Шемчук В. В.
Published: February 2020

У статті досліджується досвід забезпечення інформаційної безпеки деяких зарубіжних держав. На прикладі вивчення законодавства і практики його реалізації в даній сфері охарактеризовано азіатську модель забезпечення інформаційної безпеки. Аналіз конституцій і спеціальних законів Китайської Народної Республіки, Російської Федерації дозволив виокремити їх особливості, порівняно з американською та європейською моделями забезпечення інформаційної безпеки. На цій основі зроблено висновки щодо доцільності запозичення такого досвіду в Україні.