bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specks of Dirt and Tons of Pain: Dosage Distinguishes Impurity From Harm
Authors: Rottman Joshua , Young Liane
Published: June 2019

Levels of moral condemnation often vary with outcome severity (e.g., extreme destruction is morally worse than moderate damage), but this is not always true. We investigated whether judgments of purity transgressions are more or less sensitive to variation in dosage than judgments of harm transgressions. In three studies, adults ( N = 426) made moral evaluations of harm and purity transgressions that systematically varied in dosage (frequency or magnitude). Pairs of low-dosage and high-dosage transgressions were presented such that the same sets of modifiers (e.g., “occasionally” vs. “regularly,” “small” vs. “large”) or amounts (e.g., “millimeter” vs. “centimeter”) were reused across moral domains. Statistical interactions between domain and dosage indicated robust distinctions between the perceived wrongness of high-dosage and low-dosage harms, whereas moral evaluations of impure acts were considerably less influenced by dosage. Our findings support the existence of a cognitive distinction between purity-based and harm-based morals and challenge current wisdom regarding relationships between intentions and outcomes in moral judgment.
Is psychology suffering from an epidemic of “contagion”? Moving from metaphors to theoretically derived concepts and methods in the study of social influences
Authors: Kindermann Thomas A. , Skinner Ellen A.
Published: June 2019

The term “contagion” has become increasingly popular as an omnibus catch-all to depict all kinds of mutual influences between people of equal status (or “peers”). We argue that some of these influences may qualify as “contagion,” but others denote alternative processes better described, for example, as exchange, transactions, or diffusion. To transform the term contagion from a loose metaphor to a precise and empirically useful concept, we propose that the paradigmatic case of contagious diseases can be used to identify multiple criteria that a social process must meet in order to qualify as contagion. Based on these essential elements, we describe the developmental signature of contagion, contrast contagion pathways with other temporal pathways of influence, and highlight empirical strategies needed to detect contagion. Finally, we conclude that interpretations about the nature of social influences and their labels should follow from (and not precede) empirical identification of the specific mechanisms that orchestrate transmission.
A systematic study on fluorescence contrast in near infrared diffuse transmittance imaging with indocyanine green
Authors: Waks Serra María V , Grosenick Dirk , Macdonald Rainer , Pomarico Juan A , Iriarte Daniela I
Published: June 2019

Near infrared fluorescence imaging is a sensitive, noninvasive technique for diagnostic applications in biomedical optics. The main purpose of this work is thus to explore how to improve the contrast of images obtained by near infrared light using a fluorescent extrinsic agent. Among different fluorophores, indocyanine green has been mostly studied because it is approved for use in humans. In this work, simulations and experimental studies on phantoms (systems that optically emulate biological tissues) are used to systematically investigate the influence of the increased intrinsic tissue absorption by adding indocyanine green. The experiments reproduce the situation of fluorescence imaging of carcinomas in the human breast, where the natural absorption due to neovascularization is increased by the injection of this fluorophore. Assuming measurements in transmission geometry, the breast is modeled by a homogeneous background medium containing a tumor-like inclusion (or lesion) with two- or threefold increased absorption. Fluorescence contrast is simulated over a broad range of dye concentrations using diffusion theory. Selected concentrations ratios are applied in experimental studies with laser excitation of indocyanine green fluorescence and with a charge-coupled device camera for fluorescence detection. Both simulations and experiments show that the intrinsic absorption of the inclusion strongly reduces the number of detected fluorescence photons and that the fluorescence contrast can be canceled or become even negative. It was found that for typical optical properties and geometrical conditions, in fluorescence imaging of breast cancer, a dye ratio of about 10:1 (lesion:background) is required to turn from negative to positive fluorescence contrast. Since such a high ratio is difficult to attain, raw fluorescence images need to be normalized by the intrinsic lesion absorption (without indocyanine green (ICG)) to enhance the presence of the dye in the lesion.
Re-examining Multidimensional Poverty in Pakistan: A New Assessment of Regional Variations
Authors: Saleem Hummera , Shabbir Malik Shahzad , Khan Bilal
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study is to investigate the multidimensional poverty (MDPT) level in the rural and urban areas of Pakistan. This study further adhered three essential factors such as education, health and living standard of people. It is observed that most of the studies have conducted and adhered regarding monetary poverty. The data have been obtained from the ‘Pakistan Social and Living Standard Management’ (PSLM) statistical survey. The finding of this analysis shows that, during all periods, MDPT in Pakistan remained significantly more in rural areas compared to urban regions. This empirical analysis provides an integrating technique adopting MDPT to overcome the socio-economic issues, which rapidly upsurge in Pakistan. Furthermore, it is a fundamental obligation of the state to provide sustainable and millennium development necessities of life such as food, health, water and education to meet the global standards of well-being of their people.
What’s the abuse? A quest for the appropriate legal test in product design cases under Article 102 TFEU
Authors: Eicher Florence
Published: June 2019

In recent years, vastly changing technology markets have posed challenges to the application of well-established rules and principles in European Union competition law. In particular, the integration of technical functionalities appears to have opened new possibilities for dominant firms to leverage market power. Aware of these developments but often oblivious to the apparent overlap, the European Union Commission and the Court of Justice of the European Union engaged in clear-cut analyses under one or the other well-established theory of harm. In particular, the dividing line between the two standalone concepts on refusals to deal and tying practices appears to have been either repositioned or misapplied in the Microsoft Saga, which marks the peak of this development. In classifying the respective conduct as abusive tying practices in the Microsoft Saga, it is questionable whether the Commission was granted a shortcut by the Court itself, passing (unsuccessful) refusal to deal cases disguised as (successful) tying cases. Considering the significantly lower standard of proof applicable to tying practices as opposed to refusals to deal, stakeholders can be expected to exploit the vague boundaries. With this concern in mind, this essay aims to identify the boundaries between refusal to supply and tying cases, where product integration risks resulting in anti-competitive foreclosure on technology markets. On a more fundamental level, this essay will question whether the peculiar features of technology markets justify a different treatment.
Large-scale PRNP genotyping of small ruminants using an automated high-throughput MALDI-TOF MS assay
Authors: Migliore Sergio , Bivona Maurizio , Gagliostro Enrico , Buttitta Onofrio , Lo Mascolo Francesca , Macrì Daniele
Published: June 2019

Scrapie resistance or susceptibility in sheep is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at codons 136, 154, and 171 of the prion protein gene ( PRNP). In addition, phenylalanine mutation at codon 141 has been recognized as a risk factor for atypical scrapie. In contrast, K222, D146, and S146 alleles confer genetic resistance to classical scrapie in goats. High-throughput genotyping technologies would provide significant benefits in scrapie eradication plans. The ability to resolve oligonucleotides varying in mass by less than a single nucleotide makes MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) a suitable platform for PRNP genotyping. We evaluated the commercial Myriapod scrapie kit (Diatech Pharmacogenetics), associated with a highly automated processing platform incorporating MALDI-TOF MS technology, to detect SNPs at codons 136, 154, 171, 141, and 222 of small ruminant PRNP. The Myriapod scrapie kit was accredited according to UNI CEI EN ISO/IEC 17025. We present the genotyping results of 10,960 sheep in Sicily and 1,822 goats in Sicily and Calabria (southern Italy) tested during 2017. We found a high frequency (43.9%) of the protective ARR allele in sheep and a promising 12.3% of the resistant K222 variant in goats. This efficient and high-throughput method is suitable for extensive PRNP genotyping, as requested in the European scrapie eradication plan.
Recording Support Measures in the Sequential Pedagogical Documents of Children With Special Education Needs
Authors: Heiskanen Noora , Alasuutari Maarit , Vehkakoski Tanja
Published: June 2019

This study investigates the descriptions of support measures in the sequential pedagogical documents (individual education plans or programs and others) of children with special education needs from early childhood education and care to preprimary education. According to the previous research, the role of pedagogical work is largely disregarded in these documents, which typically focus on describing children’s challenges instead of support measures. In this study, the sequential pedagogical documents ( N = 257) of 64 Finnish children were studied for approximately 3 to 6 years, and the data were analyzed by investigating the textual and content-related coherence, as well as the linguistic precision, of the descriptions of support. Consequently, four chronological patterns of describing and developing the support measures—missing, repetitious, disorganized, and explicit—were introduced, and the study results emphasize the importance of the specificity and continuity of documentation.
Developing and Validating a Short Networking Behavior Scale (SNBS) From Wolff and Moser’s (2006) Measure
Authors: Wolff Hans-Georg , Spurk Daniel
Published: June 2019

Networking refers to building, maintaining, and using informal contacts to attain work or career resources. Although several measures exist, we are not aware of any short measure that reaches conventional standards and captures the breadth and multiple dimensions of the construct. To enable a brief and at the same time broad assessment of networking behaviors, this study reports the development and validation of a short version (the Short Networking Behavior Scale) of Wolff and Moser’s (2006) 44-item networking behavior scale. We examine the measurement properties of the derived 18-item version in two studies using three samples. Confirmatory factor analyses show that a correlated six-factor model with two higher order factors of internal and external networking fits the data well. We provide evidence for construct and criterion-oriented validity, showing that the internal and external networking scales exhibit meaningful correlational patterns with personality, career, and social network variables but only small and mostly nonsignificant correlations with measures of job or task characteristics.
Development and Initial Validation of the Constructivist Beliefs in the Career Decision-Making Scale
Authors: Xu Hui
Published: June 2019

Although career adaptability and constructivist beliefs both capture important aspects of career construction, previous research has predominantly focused on career adaptability and ignored the importance of constructivist beliefs. Drawing on career construction theory and decision-making science, the current study proposes two factors (i.e., satisficing decision and agentic creation) of constructivist beliefs in career decision-making (CBCD) and develops and initially validates a scale measuring the two factors. Study 1 develops the CBCD Scale and supports the two-factor structure of the CBCD through exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 supports the internal consistency reliability of the CBCD and cross-validates the two-factor structure of the CBCD through confirmatory factor analysis. Additionally, Study 2 finds support for the incremental predictions of the CBCD for career indecision and career decision ambiguity management over and beyond career adaptability. The theoretical and practical implications of the CBCD are discussed, as are the limitations and suggestions for future research.
Parametric studies on dynamic stiffness of ball bearings supporting a flexible rotor
Authors: Gupta Tikam Chand
Published: June 2019

Most of the researchers in the field of dynamics of the rolling element bearing have considered bearing stiffness as time invariant and/or not related to dynamics of the bearing. In the present paper, the bearing stiffness has been taken as function of dynamic response at every time step of numerical simulation and a detailed parametric study is performed to investigate the effect of flexibility of the rotor shaft, rotational speed, and internal radial clearance on the instantaneous and average value of dynamic stiffness of the ball bearing. The mathematical formulation is based on the Timoshenko beam finite element theory. Gravity and bearing forces are considered as external forces acting on a free-free flexible shaft. A stable Newmark- β numerical integration scheme coupled with Newton–Raphson method is used for numerical integration and for convergence to an accurate value of bearing stiffness. The results showing the variation of different components of bearing stiffness as a function of time-invariant parameters has improved the understanding of the dynamic behavior of the bearing during motion. The variation pattern of bearing stiffness coefficients is observed to be sensitive to direction of rotation. The amplitude of periodic change of these coefficients increases with the increase of the stiffness ratio of shaft and the decrease of radial clearance.
Technological Bridging: Exploring the Use of Communications Technologies Amid the Diasporic Experience
Authors: Korin Ezequiel P.
Published: June 2019

Through an evocative autoethnography, I explore the practices of family reconnection through the use of communication technologies amid the experience of diaspora, both my daughter’s and my own. In doing so, the practices of “getting in touch” with each one’s grandparents during our early years situate the use of communication technologies as a way of articulating the familial relations amid the liminal sense of being between the subjectives positions dictated by laws and customs. In doing so, I grapple with the enactment of liminality through the communication practices and technological languages enmeshed in the experience of diaspora.
Surfactant stabilized bubbles flowing in a Newtonian fluid
Authors: Rosenbaum Eilis , Massoudi Mehrdad , Dayal Kaushik
Published: June 2019

Bubbles suspended in a fluid cause the suspension to have different rheological properties than the base fluid. In general, the viscosity of the suspension increases as the volume fraction of the bubbles is increased. A current application, and motivation for this study, is in wellbore cements used for hydrocarbon extraction and carbon sequestration. In these settings, the gas bubbles are dispersed into the cement to reduce the density as well as improve the properties for specific conditions or wellbore issues. In this paper, we use Stokesian dynamics to numerically simulate the behavior of a large number of bubbles suspended in a Newtonian fluid. Going beyond prior work on simulating particles in suspension, we account for the nature of bubbles by allowing for slip on the bubble surface, the deflection on the bubble surface, and a bubble–bubble pairwise interaction that represents the surfactant physics; we do not account for bubble compressibility. We incorporate these interactions and simulate bubble suspensions of monodisperse size at several volume fractions. We find that the bubbles remain better dispersed compared with hard spherical particles that show a greater tendency to structure or cluster.
Effect of voltage gradient on ohmic thawing characteristics of sour cherry juice concentrates for the temperature range of −18℃ to +4℃
Authors: Cokgezme Omer Faruk , Icier Filiz
Published: June 2019

Frozen sour cherry juice concentrates having 15%, 30%, 40% and 50% total soluble solid (TSS) contents were thawed by ohmic thawing (OT; 10 V/cm, 15 V/cm and 20 V/cm) and conventional thawing (CT; at 4 ℃). To enhance the electrode-sample contact during OT, the thawing cell was custom-designed. Thawing times were shortened about 90% by OT. Thermal images were taken to determine temperature homogeneity. As OT proceeded, a small amount of frozen sample having a relatively lower density raised up to the surface of the sample. It resulted in temperature heterogeneity in the surface due to relatively rapid temperature increment in thawed regions during OT. The change of effective electrical conductivity (EEC) in the temperature range of −18 ℃ and 4 ℃ was determined and it varied between 0.005 and 0.25 s/m. For the same temperature, EEC increased as TSS increased up to 40% (p<0.05). EEC–temperature relations were characterized by a polynomial model.
Home Care Nurses Claim Medicare Ignores Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Cabin William
Published: June 2019

There is significant literature on the importance of addressing social determinants of health (SDOH) in order to improve health care outcomes. In response, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has expanded the ability of Medicare Advantage plans to cover SDOH-related services. Medicare home health does not cover SDOH-related services. A literature review indicates no studies on the nature, significance, or impacts of the lack of SDOH coverage in Medicare home health. The current study is an initial, exploratory study to address the literature gap, based on interviews of a convenience sample of 37 home care nurses between January 2013 and May 2014 in the New York City metropolitan area. Results indicate that nurses believe the lack of SDOH coverage in Medicare home health results in exacerbation of existing patient conditions; creation of new, additional patient conditions; increased home care readmissions and re-hospitalizations; increased caregiver burden; and exacerbation of patients’ mental health and substance abuse needs.
Transformation of Urban Water Service Provision: Potential of Hybrid Systems
Authors: Heino Ossi , Takala Annina
Published: June 2019

Rapid urbanization poses severe challenges to the water management of growing cities. Conventionally, the suitable way to solve problems has been to expand the capacity of existing centralized infrastructures. It is important to consider how resources of a city’s inner water cycle could be utilized more efficiently, and how the system of provision shapes the functional roles of the service, the ways of using it, and ultimately the consumption itself. This consideration is the reference point of this paper in which we will explore hybrid systems of water management as a promising way to address these problems. We focus particularly on the relationship between water users and the water supply system. The study is based on interviews with water users and literature on the hybridization of water services. We reflect on these issues in relation to the context of transformation of infrastructure services. The results of this study indicate that the successful adaptation of hybrid systems has the potential to facilitate urban transformation. However, certain barriers deeply rooted in water management hinder it from reaching this potential.
Priorities on treatment and monitoring of diabetic cats from the owners’ points of view
Authors: Albuquerque Carolina SC , Bauman Bretta L , Rzeznitzeck Janina , Caney Sarah MA , Gunn-Moore Danièlle A
Published: June 2019

Objectives

The aims of this study were to evaluate: owners’ perceptions and priorities on the treatment and monitoring of feline diabetes mellitus (DM); the perceived effectiveness of the communication between veterinarians and clients regarding disease management; and the impact DM has on the owners’ everyday lives and human–pet bonds.

Methods

An initial questionnaire, then an adapted second questionnaire, were available to owners of cats with DM on vetprofessionals.com .

Results

A total of 748 questionnaires were completed. At diagnosis, fewer than half of veterinarians discussed how to recognise unstable diabetes (46%) or home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) (40%). Owners were disappointed that the importance of diet on diabetic remission/stabilisation and HBGM were not discussed. Only 49% of respondents were supervised by a veterinarian/veterinary nurse while first drawing up insulin and injecting their cat. Websites/online forums that owners found themselves were most useful when learning about their cat’s diabetes (76% agreed). Over a third of cats (39%) were not fed a ‘diabetic’ diet but, impressively, 71% of owners used HBGM. Initial concerns about costs, boarding, the effect on their daily life and potential negative impact on the human–pet bond reduced significantly after initiating treatment ( P <0.0001).

Conclusions and relevance

Caring for a diabetic cat requires significant owner commitment, plus support by the veterinary team for the owner and their cat. It is difficult to discuss all aspects of this complex disease with the owner in a single consultation; hence, it is important to involve the entire veterinary team in owner education and provide owners with informative material (eg, useful websites, printouts). Understanding owners’ priorities, fears, and which monitoring methods have helped others, is paramount to achieve owner compliance and satisfaction, and so improve the health and welfare of diabetic cats. This study provides useful information on the management of feline DM, which can be instrumental in educating future owners.
Low-Grade Surface Osteosarcoma of the Temporal Bone in Paediatric Patients: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Villemure-Poliquin Noémie , Trudel Mathieu , Labonté Sebastien , Blouin Valérie , Fradet Gaétan
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study:

Primary osteosarcoma of the temporal bone is an exceedingly rare pathology in the paediatric population. As of now, only 3 cases have been reported in the English literature. We describe the additional case of a 16-year-old girl with an osteosarcoma of the mastoid bone. This study aims to report a rare paediatric case of low-grade surface osteosarcoma of the temporal bone.

Materials and methods used:

A literature review was performed to better understand paediatric osteosarcomas of the head and neck region, to optimize their investigation, to describe their histopathological and radiological characteristics, and to establish the optimal modalities of medical and surgical treatments. The research of previous published data was done using PubMed and Embase library with the keywords mentioned below.

Results:

The patient presented with a rapidly progressive left retroauricular lesion over a 3-week period. Radiological studies demonstrated aggressive and invasive features. An open biopsy followed and confirmed the diagnosis of a low-grade surface osteosarcoma. In accordance with the multidisciplinary team, we decided to perform a complete surgical resection with wide surgical margins. We did not administer any adjuvant therapies. A control computed tomography (CT) scan obtained 26 months postoperatively still showed no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:

Osteosarcomas are aggressive malignant neoplasms found in the head and neck region in only 6% to 10% of cases. They represent approximately 1% of head and neck cancers, and these are generally high-grade lesions. Temporal bone involvement is rare, particularly for low-grade lesions in paediatric patients. In addition to reporting the fourth paediatric case of primary temporal bone osteosarcoma, this study describes its specific clinical, histopathological, and radiological findings, to improve the management and the prognostic of patients affected with this particular clinical entity.
Evaluation of the triple aim of medicine in prehospital telemedicine: A systematic literature review
Authors: Culmer Nathan , Smith Todd , Stager Catanya , Meyer Hannah , Quick Sarah , Grimm Katherine
Published: June 2019

Objectives

With telemedicine becoming more widely implemented in emergency situations, understanding the quality and content of current findings that explore prehospital telemedicine is vital to establish best practices and guide future research. This systematic review examines the clinical importance of telemedicine in patient-provider ambulance-based settings with a focus on multifunctional systems for general prehospital emergency populations.

Methods

Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology we found 1564 abstracts, which were blind-reviewed by independent reviewers. Relevant articles were reviewed, classified, and analyzed according to research methods and technology type, as well as quality, cost, and satisfaction. The studies were also reviewed for validated evidence-based practice.

Results

Those studies that looked at cost, quality, and satisfaction with care generally shared favorable results. Setup notwithstanding, cost was comparable or less than controls. Care quality was also found to be in line with or slightly preferable to face-to-face care with some advantages in response time and quality. Patients and providers were satisfied with the systems. Common obstacles included limited bandwidth and small sample sizes.

Conclusions

Although feasibility remains salient, research regarding the impact of ambulance-based telemedicine on patients and healthcare providers is encouraging, but nascent. As a whole, this body of literature does not yet adequately speak to the most important concerns of medicine: quality, cost, and satisfaction. More research is needed in each of these areas. However, those studies that do address these matters share hopeful results. Future research should test these mechanisms in prehospital settings with greater rigor.
Can WeChat group-based intervention reduce reperfusion time in patients with ST-segment myocardial infarction? A controlled before and after study
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Wei , Chen Haojia , Li Zhi , Feng Shushuang , Yuan Yonghong
Published: June 2019

Background

Pre-hospital identification of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and activation of the catheterization laboratory can reduce first medical contact to wire-crossing times. We conducted a study on providing 24-hour tele-electrocardiography services via the WeChat group application, aiming to reduce the time taken for diagnosis and treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods

A controlled before and after study was conducted on 140 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients who were initially seen in non-percutaneous coronary intervention-capable hospital and transferred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention at our percutaneous coronary intervention centre from 1 February to 31 October 2018. The WeChat group had 70 patients with pre-hospital electrocardiography transmission via WeChat and the control group had 70 patients who did not transfer pre-hospital electrocardiography. The reperfusion time of the two groups was compared to evaluate the effect of the WeChat group intervention.

Results

In the WeChat group versus the control group, the median symptom onset to first medical contact time was similar (129 vs 150 min, p > 0.05), but the median first medical contact to wire, door to wire and first medical contact to catheterization laboratory activity were significantly shorter (132 vs 171 minutes, p < 0.001; 60 vs 95 minutes, p < 0.001; 29 vs 74 minutes, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Pre-hospital electrocardiography transfer via a WeChat group resulted in earlier reperfusion of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients who were transferred from the non-percutaneous coronary intervention centre.
Beyond dislike: Blatant dehumanization predicts teacher discrimination
Authors: Bruneau Emile , Szekeres Hanna , Kteily Nour , Tropp Linda R. , Kende Anna
Published: June 2019

School teachers have been shown to favor ethnic majority over minority students. However, it is unclear what psychological processes motivate ethnicity-based discrimination. Of the studies that have examined the psychological roots of teacher discrimination, most have focused on implicit or explicit prejudice. We propose an alternate predictor: dehumanization. Using a within-subject paradigm with a small-scale experiment ( N = 29) and a larger scale replication ( N = 161), we find that Hungarian preservice teachers consistently discriminate against Roma minority students by recommending that they be denied entry to higher track secondary schools, and preferentially placing them into lower track schools, relative to equally qualified ethnic majority Hungarian students, and that the severity of the ethnic tracking bias is predicted by dehumanization (but not prejudice). In fact, the relationship between dehumanization and discrimination holds (and may be significantly stronger) for teachers who express the lowest levels of prejudice towards the Roma.
The Measurement Methods of Movement and Grip Strength in Children with a Previous Upper Extremity Fracture: A Comparative, Prospective Research
Authors: Korhonen L. , Pokka T. , Holappa A. , Serlo W. , Sinikumpu J.-J.
Published: June 2019

Background and Aims:

Decreased range of motion of the elbow and forearm and decreased grip strength are potential findings following a childhood upper extremity fracture. Clinical follow-up is essential because spontaneous improvement is seen several months after the injury. Freehand measuring with a goniometer and hydraulic dynamometer is used to evaluate clinical result. The new methods are justified in avoiding human typewriting errors, thus improving patient safety. Nevertheless, their feasibility in child patients is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate congruence between the computer-assisted and the free-hand measuring methods.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 59 children with a previous supracondylar humerus fracture were clinically examined by means of free-hand (transparent goniometer and hydraulic dynamometer; Jamar, Lafayette Ltd.) and computer-assisted (E-Link System Packages, Biometrics Ltd.) methods. The range of motion and grip strength were measured separately using both methods. Agreement between the measurements was evaluated using the Bland–Altman method.

Results:

The results between the two methods were incongruent and the differences between measurements increased along with the mean of measurements in all categories except elbow extension. Rotational range of motions were smaller and grip strength was weaker while measuring with the computer-assisted method. The mean discrepancy was 0.97° (95% confidence interval = −2.46 to 0.53) for elbow extension and 7.97° (95% confidence interval = 6.60–9.33) for elbow flexion.

Conclusions:

Grip strength is used to evaluate impairment of hand function. The study method showed slightly lower results in grip strength. Range of motion is essential when evaluating the outcome of supracondylar humerus fracture, while >10° of change in elbow range of motion associate with impaired function. As compared with the gold-standard goniometer, the methods were not congruent. However, all differences were under 10° and probably beyond clinical importance. Because of its advantages in recording the outcomes to electronical charts, the computer-assisted method is recommended option in performing the follow-up of complicated pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures.
Combination possibility and deep learning model as clinical decision-aided approach for prostate cancer
Authors: Eminaga Okyaz , Al-Hamad Omran , Boegemann Martin , Breil Bernhard , Semjonow Axel
Published: June 2019

This study aims to introduce as proof of concept a combination model for classification of prostate cancer using deep learning approaches. We utilized patients with prostate cancer who underwent surgical treatment representing the various conditions of disease progression. All possible combinations of significant variables from logistic regression and correlation analyses were determined from study data sets. The combination possibility and deep learning model was developed to predict these combinations that represented clinically meaningful patient’s subgroups. The observed relative frequencies of different tumor stages and Gleason score Gls changes from biopsy to prostatectomy were available for each group. Deep learning models and seven machine learning approaches were compared for the classification performance of Gleason score changes and pT2 stage. Deep models achieved the highest F1 scores by pT2 tumors (0.849) and Gls change (0.574). Combination possibility and deep learning model is a useful decision-aided tool for prostate cancer and to group patients with prostate cancer into clinically meaningful groups.
Solidarity in the newsroom? Media concentration and union organizing: A case study from the sunshine state
Authors: Proffitt Jennifer M
Published: June 2019

This article examines the struggles, actions, and challenges of the journalist organizers at two Florida legacy newspapers – the Lakeland Ledger and the Sarasota Herald-Tribune – who unionized in 2016 with the NewsGuild – Communication Workers of America. In-depth interviews with journalists from both papers suggest that unionizing can help to counter the effects of media concentration, corporate practices, and the resulting changes in organizational structure and their impact on the working conditions of reporters.
Exploring tensionless ethnography
Authors: Friberg Torbjörn
Published: June 2019

The article attempts to elucidate tensionless ethnography against the backdrop of three contemporary processes: STS ethnography, innovation policies, and the Mode 2 society. An ethnographic approach was utilized to generate the initial problem of the ‘tensionless’, which is continuously resolved by close readings of research literature and documents on innovation policies. Tensionless ethnography is described as a method in which the conceptual objects and attitude are conceived as similar among the ethnographer and the Others. As the academic world of ethnography becomes an assimilated part of the world of policy and industry, it could be argued that we are about to lose a self-reflexive qualitative approach. Therefore, it seems urgent to re-establish an ethnographic world in which we can exercise critical inquires in innovation policy.
Nonlinear model predictive control applied to multivariable thermal and chemical control of selective catalytic reduction aftertreatment
Authors: Sowman Jonathan , Laila Dina Shona , Fussey Peter , Truscott Anthony , Cruden Andrew J
Published: June 2019

Manufacturers of diesel engines are under increasing pressure to meet progressively stricter NO x emission limits. A key NO x abatement technology is selective catalytic reduction in which ammonia, aided by a catalyst, reacts with NO x in the exhaust stream to produce nitrogen and water. The conversion efficiency is temperature dependent: at low temperature, reaction rates are temperature limited, resulting in suboptimal NO x removal, whereas at high temperatures, they are mass transfer limited. Maintaining sufficiently high temperature to allow maximal conversion is a challenge, particularly after cold start, as well as during conditions in which exhaust heat is insufficient, such as periods of low load or idling. In this work, a nonlinear model predictive controller simultaneously manages urea injection and power to an electric catalyst heater, in the presence of constraints.
Experimental and computational studies of monovalent metal cation–peptide interactions in [M·GlyGlyHis]+ (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ag) complexes
Authors: Shin Joong-Won
Published: June 2019

[ M·GlyGlyHis]+ ( M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ag) complexes were generated using the electrospray ionization method and were subjected to collision-induced dissociation. Metal ion loss is the primary dissociation channel for [Cs·GlyGlyHis]+ whereas other complexes yield metal-bound peptide sequence ions and dehydrated ions as the main products. [Li·GlyGlyHis]+ and [Ag·GlyGlyHis]+ also generate product ions that are not observed for other complexes. Density functional theory calculations suggest that metal ion–peptide ligand interaction occurs through covalent interactions in [Li·GlyGlyHis]+ and [Ag·GlyGlyHis]+, and through electrostatic attraction in [Na·GlyGlyHis]+, [K·GlyGlyHis]+, [Rb·GlyGlyHis]+, and [Cs·GlyGlyHis]+. The calculations also suggest that fragmentation behavior of these complexes is affected by charge transfer to the ligand and ion-ligand interaction energy, and to a lesser extent by the ion size.
‘Writing’ oneself into tragedy: visual user practices and spectatorship of the Alan Kurdi images on Instagram
Authors: Geboers Marloes
Published: June 2019

Studies into affective publics often involve textual communication. However, emotive communication is increasingly visual. This study zooms in on the representation of the suffering other in seven re-workings of the Alan Kurdi photographs that resonated significantly on Instagram. Chouliaraki’s concept of post-humanitarian solidarity in The Ironic Spectator (2013) is used as a theoretical framework to analyse the content of re-worked images and their post captions. Her concept outlines how distant sufferers tend to be rendered invisible due to the self-reflexive nature of contemporary solidarity. This self-reflexivity gets in the way of solidarity for others unlike us. The study found that, although the sufferer is visually present in almost all re-worked images, the suffering is ‘replaced’ by emotions or political views of the creators. Both Chouliaraki’s ‘distant other’ as well as Markham’s similar other are ways to visually (re)construct the tragedy of Alan Kurdi and the refugee crisis in general. This study adds to this an understanding of how Instagram users, while visually constructing a similar or distant other, also write themselves – often their personal feelings – into such images. Their public, other Instagram users, engages in self-reflexivity by liking such re-workings, aligning with the communicated emotions or political views conveyed. In this way, the platform ‘like feature’ intensifies the self-reflexive nature of contemporary solidarity.
Increasing Physical Activity in Schools: Strategies for School Health Practitioners
Authors: Kelly Cheryl , Carpenter Dick , Behrens Timothy K. , Field Julaine , Luna Carmen , Tucker Elizabeth , Holeva-Eklund Whitney M.
Published: June 2019

Background. Colorado passed House Bill 11-1069 in 2011 requiring all public elementary schools to provide students with a minimum of 30 minutes of physical activity (PA) per school day (Physical Activity Expectation in Schools, 2011). The purpose of this article is to describe the results of a 3-year initiative to increase opportunities for PA and to provide recommendations for school health practitioners implementing similar programming. Intervention. In 2014, 13 school districts were funded to increase student PA during school hours and before and after school hours. Intervention activities spanned all components of the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program framework. An evaluation was conducted to estimate the number of schools providing at least 30 minutes of PA a day. A mixed methods evaluation design was implemented that included tracking the number of minutes of PA provided before, during, and after school and semistructured interviews with school health coordinators. Results. In Year 1, an average of 48 minutes of PA were provided per day. By the end of year 3, the average minutes of PA doubled to 90 minutes per day. Teachers and staff identified professional development and administrator support as key components to incorporating more PA throughout the school day. Conclusions. Health promotion interventions in schools can increase access to PA opportunities for students. Sustainability of PA efforts in schools is dependent on funding to support professional development for teachers and staff and building administrative support for school-based PA.
Cellulose acetate and polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber mats for N95 respirators
Authors: Akduman C
Published: June 2019

Nanofibrous media have a low basis weight, high permeability and small pore size that make them appropriate for a wide range of filtration applications, particularly for smaller particles. In contrast to electrostatic filter media, nanofibers' filtration efficiencies depend on the mechanical filtration mechanism and do not degrade with time. In this study, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) requirements for the N95 particulate filtering half mask were achieved using electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber coated polypropylene spunbond layers. Specifically, 16 and 15% (w/v), and 14, 12 and 10% (w/w) polymer concentrations were selected for CA nanofibers and PVDF nanofibers, respectively, to adjust the nanofiber diameters. The diameters of CA and PVDF nanofibers were decreased with decreasing polymer concentration for both CA (319.02 to 264.02 nm) and PVDF (236.50 to 142.59 nm) nanofibers. The thickness of the electrospun 16CA, 15CA and 14PVDF, 12PVDF, 10PVDF mats was adjusted by varying the collection period (15 min, 30 min, 60 min). The effects of electrospun CA and PVDF nanofiber diameter on the pore size and the thickness of the mats were compared in terms of filtration performance. 16CA with a nanofiber diameter of 319.02 nm had the largest first bubble point of 26.5 µm and mean flow pore size of 5.71 µm at 15 min with a thickness of 0.019 mm. The smallest first bubble point and mean flow pore values and the smallest pore size were achieved with the finest nanofibers of 10PVDF. Filtration performances were given as initial penetration and air flow resistance (ΔP). 16CA-60 min and 15CA-30 min mats both met the NIOSH requirements with their bulky structure. For PVDF, thinner nanofibers with smaller pores were produced compared to the CA nanofibers, and the NIOSH requirements were only achieved using double-layered, face-to-face 10PVDF-15 min nanofiber mats with the penetration of 1.85% and ΔP of 33.87 mmH2O.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for a Young Woman of Asian Heritage
Authors: Fillauer Jonathan P. , Bolden Jennifer , Stillman Denise
Published: June 2019

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders and is associated with significant impairments in academic, occupational, and social functioning. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to be an effective treatment for GAD; however, little research has examined its effectiveness with individuals of Asian heritage. In fact, as a result of limited use of mental health services within the Asian population, there is little psychotherapy research for this population. The present case examined whether a well-established CBT protocol, Mastering Your Anxiety and Worry (MAW), can be tailored in a culturally responsive manner to consider factors and values that influence well-being and functioning. Treatment consisted of 27 sessions over a 6-month period, with outcome data demonstrating a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms at the end of treatment. Results revealed statistically reliable clinical change on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) using Western norms and norms for a Chinese sample. This case demonstrates the potential cross-cultural utility of CBT for GAD for individuals of Asian heritage.
Type IIIb Endoleak After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Using the Zenith Stent Graft
Authors: Nishibe Toshiya , Iwahashi Toru , Kamiya Kentaro , Kano Masaki , Maruno Keita , Koizumi Jun , Dardik Alan , Ogino Hitoshi
Published: June 2019

We present 3 cases of type IIIb endoleak after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using the Zenith stent graft system. Type III endoleak, like type I endoleak, is a high-pressure, high-risk leak that increases sac pressure up to or even above arterial pressure, and is associated with an increased frequency of open conversions or risk of aneurysm rupture. Type IIIb endoleak is rare but there is much concern that the incidence of type IIIb endoleak is likely to increase hereafter; the mechanism of type IIIb endoleak is deterioration of graft fabric in conjunction with stent sutures. Type IIIb endoleak is difficult to diagnose before rupture. The possibility of type IIIb endoleak should be highly suspected when the continued growth of an excluded aneurysm sac without direct radiologic evidence is observed during follow-up. Type IIIb endoleak can be repaired by relining of the stent graft with additional stent grafts.
A Student and Postqualitative Inquiry Walk Into a Bar: Syncretistic Methodology and Practices of Becoming-Researcher
Authors: Smith Zachary T.
Published: June 2019

In this essay, I playfully engage the reflections of scholars pursuing postqualitative inquiry by presenting how I employed methodological syncretism as a practice of figuration. I show how I enacted a “groping experimentation” with postqualitative research in the leisure context of a brewery, combining the conventional humanistic qualitative method of ethnographic observation with the new materialist and posthumanist sensibilities of postqualitative inquiry. I share how I engaged my body to join in the affective sociomateriality of a drinking establishment, attending to the object materiality and performativity of beer as it sluiced its way through tap lines, synced up with the sonic waves of background music, and danced its way around the silicate of pint glasses before sliding down esophagi, into capillaries, and slipping between the cracks of conversation. Ruminating on this syncretistic practice, I grapple with the multiple subjectivities of the researcher-literature-field assemblage, the possibility of “observing” material actors, and the incommensurability of methodological syncretism. I speculate that (1) methodological syncretism, while ontologically and epistemologically unintelligible, may work as a strategy of researcher-becoming and (2) a fallibilistic attitude fosters freedom to play with methodological knowledge/practice, recognizing the possibility that such play might produce different ways of knowing, being, and doing (research).
A cascaded multitask network with deformable spatial transform on person search
Authors: Hong Yuan , Yang Hua , Li Liangqi , Chen Lin , Liu Chuang
Published: June 2019

This article introduces a cascaded multitask framework to improve the performance of person search by fully utilizing the combination of pedestrian detection and person re-identification tasks. Inspired by Faster R-CNN, a Pre-extracting Net is used in the front part of the framework to produce the low-level feature maps of a query or gallery. Then, a well-designed Pedestrian Proposal Network called Deformable Pedestrian Space Transformer is introduced with affine transformation combined by parameterized sampler as well as deformable pooling dealing with the challenge of spatial variance of person re-identification. At last, a Feature Sharing Net, which consists of a convolution net and a fully connected layer, is applied to produce output for both detection and re-identification. Moreover, we compare several loss functions including a specially designed Online Instance Matching loss and triplet loss, which supervise the training process. Experiments on three data sets including CUHK-SYSU, PRW and SJTU318 are implemented and the results show that our work outperforms existing frameworks.