bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute liver damage generates age independent microglia morphology changes in mice
Authors:   Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Nedelea Gabriel , Muşat Mădălina Iuliana ,   Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Mitran Smaranda Ioana ,   Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Ciorbagiu Mihai Călin ,   Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, Cătălin Bogdan ,   Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
Published: February 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a silent global epidemic, frequently contributing to systemic inflammation. As the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), microglia undergo morphological changes that serve as critical indicators of CNS health. In this study, we aimed to quantify alterations in microglial morphology within the cortex of young and aged mice with liver damage. Our results demonstrated that hepatic dysfunction leads to a significant increase in total branch length in both young (285.79±68.23 μm) and aged animals (268.67±69.06 μm), compared to their respective controls (164.07±33.05 μm and 140.96±27.18 μm) (p 0.0001). Additionally, aged animals with liver damage exhibited a mean branch length of 5.84±0.66 μm, higher than 2.63±0.19 μm observed in those without liver injury. The number of primary branches in aged mice with liver damage decreased from 6.6±1.2 branches to 3.1±1.5 (p 0.0001). In addition, we have shown a decrease in the number of secondary branches in aged animals with liver damage. This suggests that microglia not only respond to CNS-specific injuries but also to chronic systemic pathologies like NAFLD. These findings highlight the importance of better understanding the liver–brain axis in order to better understand the neuroimmune consequences of systemic diseases.
A Comparative Study of Friendship in The Poetry of Du Fu (China) and Tu Xuong (Vietnam)
Authors:   University of Education, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam, Hong Linh Nguyen , Tien Pham Thuy ,   University of Education, Thai Nguyen University, Vietnam
Published: February 2025

Du Fu is one of the greatest poets of Chinese literature, while Tu Xuong is one of the representative poets of Vietnamese literature. Besides the similarities, the lives and literary careers of the two authors still have differences that create distinctive characteristics in the writing style of each poet. Researching the influence of Du Fu on Tu Xuong not only opens up a view of the cultural exchange between the two literary traditions but also reflects the process of absorbing and creating Vietnamese poetry from the cultural and artistic values ​​of China. Our research focuses on comparing the content of friendship in the poems of Du Fu and Tu Xuong to see the exchange and difference in content in the writings of the two poets.
The Influence of Social Transformation on Community Welfare in the Super Priority Tourism Destination Area Labuan Bajo, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors:   School of Strategic and Global Studies - Universitas Indonesia,, Hadiningrat Mohamad Axel Putra , Nurbaiti Beti ,   Faculty Business and Economics - University of Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya., Chotib Chotib ,   School of Strategic and Global Studies - Universitas Indonesia,
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze social transformation and its impact on the welfare of the community in Labuan Bajo, East Nusa Tenggara. Labuan Bajo is one of Indonesia's super priority tourist destinations, renowned for its natural beauty, known as the Island of a Thousand Sunsets and Komodo National Park. The approach used is qualitative, involving observations and in-depth interviews with informants. Social capital significantly influences the community in Labuan Bajo, as they utilize social capital for mutual assistance and cooperation based on trust and the sharing of positive information. The community also demonstrates motivation that fosters innovation. Thus, community innovation is closely correlated with the motivation they possess in achieving their welfare.
Anxiety, Difficulties, and Performance in Algebra of Grade 8 Students
Authors:   Southern de Oro Philippines College, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, A. Mediana Leizel Suzette , D. Hinacay Jessica Joy ,   Department of Education, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Published: February 2025

Algebra serves as a foundational pillar in Mathematics education. This study sought to explore students’ levels of anxiety, difficulty, and performance in Algebra. It also determined the significant relationship between anxiety, difficulty and performance in Algebra of Grade 8 students, and identify which independent variable/s singly or in combination predicts the students’ performance in Algebra. This study utilized a descriptive-correlational and causal design with documentary analysis. Survey was conducted at the selected public high schools within the Schools Division of Bukidnon, Municipality of Malitbog. The 108 student-respondents were selected using proportional random sampling through Slovin’s Formula with 5% marginal error and 95% confidence level. The researcher used a self-made 5-point Likert scale questionnaire that was validated and pilot-tested. The data collected were analyzed and interpreted with descriptive statistical tools like Frequency and Percentage, Mean and Standard Deviation, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Linear Regression. Results revealed that students’ levels of anxiety and difficulty were Very High but there was a moderate negative correlation between anxiety, difficulty and students’ performance. Assessment anxiety, problem-solving skills, and application to real life were negative predictors of students’ performance in Algebra. Thus, peer support systems, mindfulness, and fostering a positive classroom culture can be made to action to alleviate anxiety and difficulty have higher students’ performance in Algebra.
History of Modern Islam in Egypt and the Challenges of Secularization
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar Indonesia, Saleh Septhiany Meryam , Wahid Sahid ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar Indonesia, Bahrah Mena ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar Indonesia, Rahmawati Rahmawati ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar Indonesia, Yunus Abdul Rahim ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar Indonesia
Published: February 2025

The history of modern Islam in Egypt is a story of great transformation that combines the heritage of Islamic civilization with contemporary social, political, and cultural dynamics. In this article, we analyse the development of modern Islam in Egypt through two main theoretical frameworks, namely the Historical Theory of Islamic Civilization and the Theory of Islamic Law. Using these two theories, this article seeks to examine how the influence of classical Islamic civilization interacted with the changing times, as well as how Islamic law was understood and applied in a modern context. The study reveals that despite the significant changes that Egypt has undergone, its firmly held Islamic identity remains an important foundation in the country's social and political development.
USAID’s Role in Indonesia-United States Renewable Energy Transition Cooperation 2019-2024
Authors:   International Relations, University of Muhammadiyah Malng, Indonesia, Pratiwi Bella Dwi , Yumitro Gonda ,   International Relations, University of Muhammadiyah Malng, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

The challenges of the global energy crisis and the commitment to reduce carbon emissions support Indonesia and the United States in collaborating in the renewable energy sector. Implementing this bilateral cooperation requires the support of international development agencies with adequate technical and funding capacity. This study aims to analyze the strategic role of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) in facilitating Indonesia-United States renewable energy transition cooperation for the 2019-20224 period, as well as to identify several factors that influence the effectiveness of foreign aid programs in supporting energy diplomacy. This article uses a qualitative descriptive method to analyze reference data from Scopus database journals and Harzing's Publish or Perish. Data analysis used Nvivo14 and VOSviewer to design findings across the collected references. This study found that USAID has contributed through two leading roles, namely as a facilitator of the development of a regulatory framework that produces supporting policies for the energy transition in five major industrial fields and as a coordinator of capacity-building programmes that can help the technical and managerial capabilities of stakeholders in the development of renewable energy projects, especially in Indonesia. Related to the various forms of programmes designed, it can be run significantly from several small and medium-scale renewable energy pilot programmes of 35% during the research period. There are 12 groups formed in cross-field technical working groups that are active in developing standards and guidelines for implementing the renewable energy transition.
The Role of Citizenship Values in Enhancing Psychological Well-Being and Community Belonging Among Omani Youth: An Analytical Study of Influencing Factors and Gender Differences
Authors:   Department of Educational Psychology–Faculty of Human Development– University Pendidikan Sultan Idris UPSI–Malaysia., Shuaili Dr. Ali Sulaiman Talib Al
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to explore the relationship between citizenship values (national loyalty, civic participation, and respect for diversity) and both psychological well-being and community belonging among Omani youth. The study was conducted during the 2023/2024 academic year, targeting Omani youth across various governorates. The sample consisted of 450 young participants (240 males and 210 females) selected using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected through an electronic questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp, which included three scales measuring citizenship values, psychological well-being, and community belonging. The correlation analysis revealed a strong, statistically significant positive relationship between citizenship values and psychological well-being (r = 0.62, p < 0.001) as well as community belonging (r = 0.62, p < 0.001). Regression analysis indicated that national loyalty had the greatest impact on psychological well-being (β = 0.46, p < 0.001) and community belonging (β = 0.42, p < 0.001), followed by civic participation and respect for diversity to varying degrees. The results also showed statistically significant gender differences in the relationship between citizenship values and psychological well-being, favoring females, while no significant differences were found in community belonging. The study recommends enhancing citizenship values through educational curricula and community programs and providing initiatives to support mental health and civic engagement. This study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between citizenship values and the psychological and social well-being of Omani youth, supporting national policies to achieve Oman Vision 2040.
Ações Afirmativas na rede federal de educação de Minas Gerais
Authors: Mendes Raquel De Oliveira , Fernandes Juliana Ventura de Souza
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo traz como objetivo precípuo analisar as políticas de permanência e assistência estudantil para estudantes negros cotistas que ingressam na rede federal de educação profissional e tecnológica do estado de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de uma investigação científica baseada em um estudo comparativo de casos, de natureza quanti-qualitativa, delineamento documental, cujo objeto é a questão étnico-racial na assistência estudantil dos IFETs. Os resultados aqui apresentados são um recorte de uma investigação mais ampla, com os mesmos objetivos, só que estendido para os 38 IFs do Brasil. Constatou-se o quão diverso e desigual vem sendo o modus operandi que as instituições federais de ensino vêm executando a Lei de cotas no acesso institucional, como também as políticas que reverberam a permanência estudantil preconizada pelo PNAES. Além disso, observa-se também que os dados étnico-raciais apresentados nos territórios dos IFETs aqui analisados não refletem, necessariamente, nas suas políticas institucionais de permanência para discentes negros cotistas. Outro dado interessante diz respeito à discussão da institucionalização das políticas de permanência e AE com foco na questão étnico-racial. O que notamos foi que a institucionalização mais consolidada, foi do IFNMG. Trata-se de uma realidade complexa que não se explica apenas pela existência de instrumentos legais para implementá-las, como também, da construção de redes de apoio institucionais, nas organizações, para implementação dessas novas ideias e leis.
Números invisíveis, sujeitos invisibilizados: a ausência de dados públicos sobre raça e etnia na educação básica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro como entrave para a superação do racismo
Authors: Costa Elaine Paz da , Rodrigues Raphael
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa demonstra como a ausência de dados públicos de rendimento escolar vinculados ao recorte étnico-racial na Educação Básica nos municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro constitui como um entrave para a formulação de políticas públicas educacionais no que tange a melhoria do rendimento escolar da população negra. A pesquisa teve caráter quali-quantitavo e a metodologia utilizada contou com o levantamento bibliográfico e a busca por dados públicos de rendimento escolar a partir de pertencimento étnico-racial nas secretarias municipais de educação no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontam que a não vinculação de dados remete à ideia de que os problemas da educação são ocasionados somente por questões de desigualdade socioeconômica, desconsiderando a questão racial em sua compreensão. Além disso, verifica-se que a indisponibilidade de dados publicizados pelas instituições revela a manutenção do racismo estrutural e institucional em sua organização. Ao mesmo tempo em que os dados são indisponíveis, sujeitos são ocultados em detrimento de uma parcela da população que se beneficia da branquitude e seus privilégios. Assim, alunos negros e pardos que constituem a maioria na Educação Básica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro são invisibilizados.
Revisitando história e metamorfoses dos gêneros textuais
Authors: Leal Baktalaia de Lis Andrade
Published: February 2025

Ao longo dos séculos, estudiosos classificaram os textos por gêneros, tipos, estilos, formas, no intuito de compreender o funcionamento da linguagem humana. Este trabalho de pesquisa desenvolve uma visitação histórica e bibliográfica dos gêneros do discurso desde os pensamentos rudimentares de Aristóteles até os conceitos modernos do Círculo Linguístico de Moscou. Esse ensaio de revisão sintetiza os principais conceitos e estuda as razões mais conhecidas de classificações textuais e suas funcionalidades. A investigação inicia-se com uma abordagem histórico-conceitual dos gêneros literários, em seguida dos gêneros discursivos, passando a concentrar-se nos estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin. Para compreensão deste percurso, alguns autores são acionados: Marcuschi (2008), Discini (2005), Machado (2005), Manzano (2011), Santaelle (2013), dentre outros. Sendo um material de revisão bibliográfica, esse trabalho objetiva oferecer uma leitura sintética porém substancial dos sentidos muitas vezes abstratos de classificação dos gêneros do discurso.
Analysis of Small-Scale Ruminant Farmers’ Use of Information Communication Technology in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, FCT, P.M.B. 117, Abuja, Nigeria, Anas Hafsat Aminu
Published: February 2025

This study examined the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among small-scale ruminant farmers in the Federal Capital Territory
(FCT), Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 108 respondents across three area councils includes, Abuja Municipal Area Council
(AMAC), Gwagwalada, and Abaji. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, percentages,
frequency counts) and inferential statistics (Chi-square analysis). Findings revealed that 50% of the farmers were aged 46-60 years, with a mean age of
46.2 years. The majority (82.4%) were male, and 89.8% were married. Education levels varied, with 38.9% having higher education (HND/BSc and above).
Household size averaged 6.72 members with most households (42.6%) having between 6 and 10 members, and 42.6% had 6-10 years of farming experience.
Income from ruminant farming was modest, averaging N76,111.11, with goat farmers earning N63,879.16. Radio was the most widely used ICT tool
(83.3%), followed by mobile phones (mean score = 2.24). Chi-square results indicated that larger household sizes significantly influenced the use of radio
(p = 0.003), television (p = 0.026), mobile phones (p = 0.059) and email (p = 0.015). The most significant challenge faced by farmers was poor network
coverage, as reported by 66.7% of respondents. The study concludes that socio-economic factors like education, age, household size, income, and gender
significantly influence ICT adoption among small ruminant farmers. With radios and mobile phones widely used, efforts should focus on enhancing access
and content quality. The study recommends that the government and NGOs create more market opportunities for sheep and goat products, implement
policies to enhance ICT accessibility and improve health-related content dissemination through ICT tools.
Modeling Urban Growth and Future Scenario Projections for Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe using Cellular Automata
Authors:   Chinhoyi University of Technology, Department of Geoinformatics and Environmental Conservation P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe, Mukomberanwa Nobert Tafadzwa , Madamombe Honest Komborero ,   Chinhoyi University of Technology, Department of Geoinformatics and Environmental Conservation P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe, Taru Phillip ,   Chinhoyi University of Technology, Department of Geoinformatics and Environmental Conservation P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe, Utete Beaven ,   Chinhoyi University of Technology, Department of Freshwater and Fishery Sciences. P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
Published: February 2025

Land use land cover (LULC) change processes in less developed countries are typically rapid and extensive, and they often include a considerable proportion
of unplanned or informal development. Land use land cover change models can help to understand, analyse and simulate the outcomes of such processes,
providing information that can inform policy development. Rapid urbanisation presents a land planning conundrum for town planners and policymakers
besides disenfranchising urban green spaces and encroaching into peri urban areas in the developing town of Chinhoyi in Zimbabwe. This necessitates for
predicting future urban growth using modern and accurate techniques. This study aims to i) model the urban growth and ii) project future scenarios of a
developing town, Chinhoyi in Zimbabwe using Cellular Automata. Landsat satellite images for the interval years 2000, 2013 and 2021 were used for data
analysis. Spatial variables comprising rivers, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), slope, Central Business District (CBD) and Euclidean distances of the city
roads in tandem with Land Use Land Cover images were analysed using Cellular-Automata model. LULC were significantly different (p<0.05) for 2000–2013
with non significant changes between 2013 2021. Cellular Automata prediction model shows marginal growth in Chinhoyi by 2050. This is attributed to
fewer land categories which can be converted in the CA model. For broader use the current CA model need more and new parameters (driving factors) to
improve its urban growth prediction accuracy. Simulation of future land use can provide decision support for urban planners and decision makers, which
is important for sustainable urban expansion in developing countries.
Os corpos e as fronteiras da pele: reflexões sobre morte materna e racismo
Authors: Aires Lídia Marcelle Arnaud
Published: February 2025

Idealizada e romantizada para algumas pessoas. Não desejada por outras. Destino para umas, opção para outras, a maternidade é não é vivida da mesma maneira por todas as pessoas que gestam. Os corpos trazem marcas e intersecções que os situam socialmente, de modo que gestar e parir não é uma experiência única, podendo ser, inclusive, verbos perigosos de conjugar e viver. Longe de se repetir da mesma forma, tendo em vista que este processo é emoldurado política, cultural e socialmente, os marcadores sociais diferenciam a experiência da maternidade e, muitas vezes, a ameaçam. Considerando os dados sobre morte materna, os corpos negros são os que alavancam as estatísticas. O artigo aqui apresentado resulta de interrogações preliminares sobre racismo e morte materna, a partir de uma pesquisa multissituada, em curso, na cidade de João Pessoa (PB). Deste modo, desenho um percurso da formação do Brasil sob o mote da “democracia racial”, cujos efeitos nas gestações e puerpérios devem ser analisados a partir de uma perspectiva interseccional, sendo de grande importância as contribuições do feminismo negro. As consequências do racismo brasileiro, escamoteado sob a ideia de uma “democracia racial”, fazem crescer os números referentes à mortalidade materna, principalmente por meio do racismo institucional. Para que se implementem políticas públicas de saúde realmente eficientes, no contexto brasileiro, coerentes com as diretrizes da saúde global, é preciso reconhecer e demolir a estrutura racista que historicamente sustenta o país, sendo o letramento antirracista e as propostas movimento de mulheres negras indispensáveis a este propósito.
Young People’s Attitude and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Institutions of Higher Learning, Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Maingi Ian Nzioki , Inimah Gertrude Musuruve , Nyambane Rhoydah
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The consequences of infection with Sexually Transmitted Diseases are a threat to populations worldwide, and especially to the youth. Young people constitute a huge part of the populace in most nations, as well as most active members of the workforce in economies. Thus, combating STIs is important for the health and development of countries. This study therefore sought to establish the influence of young people’s attitude towards prevention of STIs in Machakos County, Kenya.
Methodology: The mixed methods approach was utilized to collect data from undergraduate students in three institutions of higher learning in Machakos County and from key informants, opinion leaders who interact with the young people.
Findings: The study established that young people’s attitude had a great influence on prevention of STIs among the youth.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that key stakeholders should help the youth to develop positive attitudes that can yield positive outcomes in prevention of STIs among young people.
MALUNGGAY “Moringa oleifera Lam” FORTIFIED CHEWABLE INDIAN MANGO ROLL
Authors: Obligar Philomel Innocent , Dayal Elizabeth , Contreras Eric Esteban , Magnifico Christopher , Dolor Deony
Published: February 2025

Everyone agrees that fruit is essential to a human diet. Fruits are prized for their vitamin and mineral content in addition to being a ready-to-eat, delectable food. In the Philippines, mangoes are so plentiful that they might even be given away for free when the season comes around. Numerous mango trees may be seen, and several farms have planted mangoes as well. Mangoes are the most popular fruit in the Philippines and are always present, even on the street. The purpose of this experiment was to find out how well-liked and acceptable Indian mango rolls with herbal condiments. This specifically seeks to ascertain the notable variations in taste, color, texture, and overall acceptability of Indian mango rolls supplemented with malunggay in different ratios. The experimental method of inquiry was used in this study, and the product was assessed by a selected panel of panelists using the hedonic scale. Score sheets with a similar scale were provided to them. To determine the answer to the hypothesis, the following procedures were followed: first, premium Indian mango and herbal condiments were selected; secondly, the treatment was made ready for testing; and last, the panelists assessed it. After the evaluation, the researcher gathered the information for statistical analysis using the mean and ANOVA. The findings indicated that the panel of customers who tried the product found chewable Indian mango rolls enhanced with malunggay to be generally acceptable and highly favored in terms of flavor, color, and texture. With different amounts of chewable Indian mango roll mixed with malunggay, the hypothesis that there is no discernible difference between the treatments was accepted.
The Impact of Strategic Leadership on Operational Performance of Firms in the Haulage Transport Sector in Zimbabwe
Authors: Machila Jalabani
Published: February 2025

This study explores the impact of strategic leadership on the operational performance of firms in Zimbabwe’s haulage transport sector. The sector, critical for the movement of goods and services, faces challenges such as infrastructural inadequacies and regulatory hurdles, which hinder efficiency and growth. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study reveals a strong positive correlation (r = 0.875) between strategic leadership and operational performance. Transformational leadership emerged as particularly effective in enhancing efficiency, customer satisfaction, and overall competitiveness. Findings highlight that strategic leadership practices, such as effective communication and employee development, are essential for fostering innovation and adaptability. The study emphasizes the need for investment in strategic leadership to enhance performance and ensure sustainability in this vital sector.
Challenges in Experimental Gerontology: Are Solutions Possible? On the Calculation of Xenobiotic Doses
Authors: Bozhkov Anatoly , Akzhyhitov Rustam , Dobrianska Nataliia
Published: February 2025

The assessment of resistance to toxic compounds, the capacity of biological systems to adapt to diverse external factors, and the specific effects of pharmaceutical agents on animals of different ages constitute a crucial area of research in experimental gerontology. The present essay aims to analyse endogenous age-dependent structural and functional characteristics of the liver and kidneys, which influence the metabolism of xenobiotics, as well as potential methodological errors that may arise in addressing this critical issue. The study presents evidence indicating pronounced age-related changes in the relative mass and structural-functional properties of the liver and kidneys, which, in turn, affect the organism's response to xenobiotic exposure in both young and old animals. Failure to account for these age-dependent characteristics in experimental designs inevitably leads to erroneous conclusions. To address these fundamental issues in aging biology, the authors propose a research algorithm consisting of four key steps. Implementing this algorithm in experimental studies could facilitate at least partial standardization of research subjects, enable the identification of baseline functional states in individual organisms through preliminary longitudinal assessments, and allow for precise calculation of xenobiotic dosages by considering the structural-functional and age-related conditions of the liver and kidneys. The authors suggest that such an approach may help reduce the likelihood of erroneous findings in experimental gerontology.
Keywords: xenobiotics, aging, experimental gerontology, methodology of science, exposome, metabolism, homeostasis
Astrocyte-neuron signaling in aging
Authors: Noeker Jacob , Nanclares Carmen , Araque Alfonso , Baraibar Andrés
Published: February 2025

Rapid increases in the aging population present a critical challenge to global societies, with a major concern being cognitive decline and brain aging. While neuroscientific research has traditionally focused on neurons, the role of astrocytes in aging is of recent interest but remains underexplored. Astrocytes, the homeostatic cells on the central nervous system, play essential roles in synaptic regulation, neurotransmitter clearance, neuronal support, and homeostasis. Recent studies indicate that astrocytes undergo significant morphological and functional changes during aging, affecting calcium signaling, gap junction communication, and homeostatic functions. Altered calcium dynamics in aged astrocytes impact gliotransmission, synaptic transmission, and plasticity, with evidence of dysregulated intracellular calcium sequestration and reduced astrocytic network connectivity. Aging modifies key intrinsic astrocytic properties, including connexins, aquaporins, potassium channels, and glutamate transporters, which are crucial for maintaining astrocyte networks, synaptic stability, and preventing excitotoxicity. These functional consequences suggest that astrocytes play an integral role on age-related cognitive decline. An increasing number of research studies have begun to explore therapeutic strategies to target astrocytes to mitigate brain aging or reverse age-related decline. Approaches such as utilizing pharmacological agents such as caloric restriction mimetics and activators of purinergic and metabotropic glutamate receptors have demonstrated potential in restoring astrocyte function and improving cognitive outcomes. Enhancing astrocytic Ca²⁺ signaling, adrenergic modulation, restoring aquaporin-4 polarization, and activating the Nrf2 pathway have also emerged as promising intervention targets. Understanding astrocyte-neuron interactions in aging and developing astrocyte-targeted therapies could pave the way for novel treatments to preserve cognitive function and combat neurodegenerative diseases.
Keywords: astrocyte; neuron; aging; calcium signaling; neuronal-glial intercations
Oligodendroglial changes in AGINGageing human white matter
Authors: Rivera Andrea , Azim Kasum , Butt Arthur
Published: February 2025

Myelin is essential for superfast conduction of axons and underpins the massive computing power of the human brain. Myelinated axons form bundles of white matter to form the connectome which is one of the most prominent features of the human cerebral cortex. Myelin is produced by oligodendrocytes, which are the most numerous cells in white matter, together with oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) that are responsible for life-long myelination. Myelin is essential for cognitive function and myelin plasticity is required for learning. It is noteworthy, therefore, that white matter shrinkage and myelin loss are hallmarks of natural ageing and are more severe in neuropathology, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. The precise age-related changes in oligodendroglial gene pathways at the transcriptome level identify the decline in oligodendrocyte regeneration as a key factor in white matter shrinkage in ageing.
Keywords: oligodendrocyte; myelin; oligodendrocyte precursor cell; white matter; ageing; transcriptome
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL TABLET CONTAINING POLMACOXIB FOR THE TREATMENT OF MONKEYPOX VIRUS
Authors: Rathore Rohit Singh , Patel Bhavisha
Published: February 2025

This study aims for formulation and evaluation of herbal drug formulation consist Sarracenia purpurea, Kanchnar guggulu, Lemon balm and incorporating Polmacoxib an anti-inflammatory drug suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory substances (Prostaglandins) by inhibiting certain enzymes involved in inflammation which was found to be novel and versatile to enhance treatment outcome of monkey pox virus.
Evaluating the Influence of the Mid-Day Meal Program on Primary School Students Enrollment and Retention
Authors: Poswal Mr. Vishesh , Mishra Dr. Pranav
Published: February 2025

With the dual objectives of improving the health and education of underprivileged children, India has undertaken the ambitious task of implementing the Mid-Day Meal (MDM) program in government and government-aided primary schools. This paper analyzes the nature and impact of the MDM program on the academic performance of students in primary schools. Education forms the foundation of an individual’s physical, mental, emotional, intellectual, and social development. Humans, as rational beings, possess unique qualities that distinguish them from other living creatures. This rationality and capacity for higher thought enable humans to transcend their base instincts, a transformation that education facilitates. Without education, a person is akin to being blind or lifeless.
The introduction of the Mid-Day Meal program has significantly increased enrollment and retention rates in primary schools. Parents are now more inclined to send their children to school, and rural head teachers and community leaders have expressed strong support for the initiative. According to the findings, the MDM program has been instrumental in improving attendance and enrollment rates among economically disadvantaged primary school students. Rural head teachers, in particular, have shown a consistently favorable attitude toward the program, recognizing its value in promoting primary education.
Análisis de la Calidad de la Experiencia de Guianza Turística Sensorial en la Granja Integral Autosustentable de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo
Authors: Olaya-Reyes Johana , García Navas Marlley , Tapia Lemos Jorge
Published: February 2025

Este estudio de caso analiza las estrategias para mejorar la calidad del servicio de guianza turística inclusiva en la Granja Integral Autosustentable de la UTB. Se empleó un enfoque descriptivo y una metodología mixta, encuestando a 36 beneficiarios del proyecto de vinculación "Turismo en la Granja Integral UTB" y realizando una entrevista con los autores del proyecto. Utilizando el diagrama de Ishikawa y el diagrama de Pareto, se identificaron las deficiencias más frecuentes que afectan la calidad del servicio. Aunque la mayoría de los usuarios se mostraron satisfechos, se destacaron áreas de mejora, como la necesidad de mejorar las actividades agroturísticas sensoriales (36.1%), proporcionar guiones y explicaciones más organizadas y lógicas (2.8%), mayor cortesía y participación de los guías (14%), e inclusión de actividades durante el recorrido (2.8%).
El estudio forma parte de los proyectos de I+D+I "Agroturismo sensorial en la granja integral UTB: diseño de guianza basada en la percepción de los sentidos y página web promocional" y "Turismo en la Granja Integral Autosustentable de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo con fines de educación ambiental, sostenibilidad e inclusividad", cuyo lema es "Disfrutando el turismo con los ojos del alma".
ЖАҺАНДАНУ ЗАМАНЫНДАҒЫ ЖАПОНИЯНЫҢ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК – МӘДЕНИ КӨРІНІСІ
Authors: Сауданбекова Ш.Т. , Бейіл Е.С.
Published: February 2025

Берілген мақалада Жапон қоғамындағы әлеуметтік мәдени процестердің заман талабына сай түрленуі жазылған. Заманауи Жапон қоғамы әлемдік модернизация мен жаһандану талаптарына қарамай дәстүрлерге, өткен өмірлеріне, ежелгі ескерткіштерге үлкен мән бере отырып, ата бабадан мұра болған мінез-құлық нормалары мен мәдениеттің формаларын сақтап қалуға тырысты.  Саяси ойлау жүйесінде де, жапондықтардың әлеуметтік мінез-құлқындағы дәстүрлердің өміршеңдігін қазіргі қоғамдағы  әртүрлі жағдайлармен байланыстыра отырып түсіндіреді.
Бұл мақалада Жапондықтар өздерінің парызы санайтын «гири» түсінігі  адамгершілік қажеттіліктің бір түрі ретінде, ол адамды кейде өз еркіне қарсы немесе өз пайдасына қарамай бір нәрсе жасауға мәжбүр ететіні ғылыми тұрғыдан дәлелденген. Гири – абыройлы міндет, жақсылық пен жамандықтың абстрактілі түсініктеріне емес, белгілі бір жағдайларда тиісті әрекеттерді талап ететін адами қатынастарды қатаң түрде реттеуге негізделген
Криптовалюты как инструмент экономического развития Центральной Азии
Authors: Халова Г.О. , Суханов А.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматриваются преимущества криптовалют в обходе международных финансовых ограничений, привлечения инвестиций и укрепления финансовой независимости. Особое внимание уделяется многоаспектным механизмам влияния децентрализованных финансовых систем на региональные экономические модели и потенциальные перспективы их дальнейшего развития в условиях усиленного санкционного давления. Обсуждается роль криптовалют в стимулировании международной торговли и создании новой финансовой инфраструктуры в регионе. В статье также затрагивается важность создания прочной нормативной базы, которая могла бы поддерживать устойчивый рост криптовалютной экосистемы, обеспечивая баланс между инновациями и регулированием.

The article explores the advantages of cryptocurrencies in bypassing international financial restrictions, attracting investments, and strengthening financial independence. Special attention is paid to the multifaceted mechanisms through which decentralized financial systems impact regional economic models. The potential prospects for their further development under the increasing pressure of sanctions are analyzed. The role of cryptocurrencies in promoting international trade and creating a new financial infrastructure in the region is discussed. The article also addresses the importance of establishing a robust regulatory framework that could support the sustainable growth of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, ensuring a balance between innovation and regulation.
3D virtual reconstruction of seven scenes from the Tulunid lost city in Egypt
Authors: Elassal Ibrahim , Chávez Triviño Andrea , Chávez Triviño Iván Darío
Published: February 2025

Reviving both the tangible and intangible aspects of lost heritage is essential to preserve awareness for future generations. The 9th-century city of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt has been repeatedly destroyed during the conflicts between the Tulunids and the Abbasids. Virtual technologies and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction serve to digitally raise awareness of the city and its historical significance, especially since it no longer exists. The challenge of digital revival in this project's framework is to imagine how life unfolded in the city during the 9th century. Our goal in this project is to leverage the advancements in 3D modelling technologies to reconstruct the lost historical Egyptian city. The methodology report begins with a description of the foundation for the 3D model reconstruction of the historically lost city, which serves as the main case study for this project. The methodology for this reconstruction is achieved through scope definition, wherein the main structures and complementary elements of the scene are identified. This is followed by the documentation phase, during which all available information on the scene is gathered through sketches, engravings, photographs, plans, and other sources. The next phase involves establishing hypotheses, where 2D and 3D sketches are produced to propose the general volumes of structures and elements. Finally, the creation of 3D models brings the structures and associated elements to life through the texturing process, as well as the inclusion of terrain, vegetation, fauna, characters, and other components, allowing the complete scene to emerge. The objective of the article is to revive the destroyed architecture of the non-existent city and communicate its value to the public through interactive virtual exploration. This study aims to demonstrate how the combination of digital methods for virtual reconstruction is valuable for both knowledge dissemination and research, through the case study of Al-Qaṭāʾi in Egypt.
Participação de ofensores sexuais em intervenção psicossocial: Trajetória do medo à coragem
Authors: Sousa Ranieli Carvalho Gomes de , Costa Liana Fortunato
Published: February 2025

O presente estudo tem como objetivo explorar as vivências e experiências de homens adultos autores de violência sexual enquanto participantes de uma intervenção psicossocial grupal. Esta intervenção visa à reflexão sobre a violência cometida contra crianças e adolescentes, é oferecida por instituições públicas de saúde, e seus integrantes são encaminhados pelas varas criminais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho etnográfico. Buscou-se conhecer como ocorre o enfrentamento de estigmas sociais, bem como o engajamento à atividade terapêutica. O instrumento utilizado foi a observação e o registro de oito sessões grupais. Os participantes foram compostos por seis homens com idade média de 44 anos. A análise centrou-se nas observações de falas e comportamentos relativos às seguintes questões: Como foi sua experiência no grupo? Como foi participar de um grupo como este? Para a discussão, os resultados foram organizados em zonas de sentido: sentimentos; aprendizados; mudanças; e superação, sendo exemplificados com falas dos participantes. Os testemunhos analisados focaram na importância da construção de um ambiente terapêutico, sem julgamentos nem críticas, seguro e de reciprocidade, que possibilite uma discussão de temas que não são debatidos no cotidiano desses homens, além da ênfase na positividade da conversa grupal. O limite da pesquisa encontra-se na abordagem ao tema, que traz uma conversação plena de ansiedade, dúvida e medo de admissão de culpabilidade. Outro limite é o acesso a esses indivíduos. Além disso, há a particularidade de as autoras serem representantes do gênero feminino e estarem pesquisando em um contexto caracterizado por impasses característicos de ambientes extremamente machistas.
Coronavírus, acontecimento, silêncio: Escuta psicanalítica na clínica-escola em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Angeli Gustavo , Souza Mériti de , Eccher Pedro Valentim
Published: February 2025

Este artigo discute o impacto da pandemia de Covid-19 na vida das pessoas durante o início da pandemia, considerando as constatações de uma pesquisa em psicanálise perante o caráter imprevisível e traumático que esse episódio carrega. De forma específica, mobilizaram nossas análises as supervisões com base psicanalítica realizadas com acadêmicos-estagiários em uma clínica-escola de Psicologia, principalmente no decorrer dos anos 2020 e 2021. Sobressaiu nessas supervisões o silenciamento sobre os efeitos da pandemia nos atendimentos e relatos dos alunos-estagiários, considerando a materialidade desse episódio na vida das pessoas e, mesmo, os protocolos implementados. As análises são compostas por referências próprias ou próximas da psicanálise, como Sándor Ferenczi e Jacques Derrida, para falar das marcas e dos silêncios constatados nos trabalhos com acadêmicos-estagiários, além de escrever novas narrativas sobre o fator potencialmente traumático da pandemia e seus impactos nas formações e supervisões em psicologia e psicanálise.
The role of injectable collagen therapy in the three-stage treatment concept
Authors: Koszela Kamil
Published: February 2025

Injection collagen therapy is a new therapeutic tool in medicine. Various injection techniques are used, from mesotherapy (local intradermal therapy – LIT), intramuscular injections to intra-articular injections. Based on the conducted researches, this method seems to be effective and safe. This therapy is used in pathologies of the musculoskeletal system (degenerative disease, enthesopathies, tendinopathies and others). In addition, collagen injection therapy is used in spinal pathologies, especially those of a myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). However, as a tool alone it may not be sufficient. Therefore, in relation to the three-stage treatment concept it may prove to be more effective. The three-stage concept of treating pathologies of the musculoskeletal system consists of:

• assessment of risk factors, their reduction and/or modification,

• implementation of targeted medical therapy, in this case collagen injection therapy, and then

• implementation of targeted rehabilitation at the appropriate time.

Injection collagen therapy activates repair mechanisms. It restores the correct tension in the soft tissues (muscles, fascia, ligaments), which are often subject to increased tension in the course of various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. As a result, mobility improves and pain is reduced. Based on clinical experience to date, this regimen provides satisfactory results. However, further researches are required.
The role of rehabilitation after spinal collagen mesotherapy in the treestage treatment concept
Authors: Woldańska-Okońska Marta
Published: February 2025

Sedentary lifestyles, work overload and lack of regular physical activity are risk factors for spinal pain syndrome. In daily medical practice, non-neurogenic spinal pain syndromes are often diagnosed, among them, myofascial or vertebrogenic pain. This problem affects a large group of patients and reaches about 70–80% of spinal pain cases.

One treatment method that is safe and has no side effects is spinal mesotherapy. This method involves making multi-point intradermal microinjections with the administration of drugs or medical devices. As a result, the conditions are created for the necessary process, which is rehabilitation in the broadest sense. The basis for the inclusion of physiotherapy is the patient’s general condition, the performance of examinations and functional tests, sensory testing, especially deep sensory testing, and pain sensory testing.

Movement therapy, as well as physical treatments and the use of special methods are extremely important in spinal pain syndrome, is performed when the pain is less severe, after the patient’s mobility has improved. The purpose of this presentation is to evaluate the role of rehabilitation of patients after spinal mesotherapy in terms of the three-stage treatment concept for spinal pathology (Fig. 1).
Injection collagen therapy in combination with other therapies – how and why?
Authors: Koszela Kamil
Published: February 2025

Injection collagen therapy is very often used as monotherapy in the course of various pathologies, including pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. In the treatment of musculoskeletal system pathologies, the following are also used: glucocorticosteroid (GC) therapy and platelet rich plasma (PRP) applied intraarticularly and peri-articularly, as well as hyaluronic acid therapy, mainly applied intra-articularly. The use of injectable collagen therapy is two-way:

• GC or PRP or hyaluronic acid are administered intra-articularly, and collagen therapy is used peri-articularly, i.e. different products in different areas, and

• GC and collagen or PRP and collagen, hyaluronic acid and collagen are used, e.g. intra-articularly, i.e. different products in one area.

Such injection regimens are often used in medical practice. It should be remembered that GC therapy is associated with side effects, especially in the group of geriatric patients with hypertension and diabetes. This allows for the use of lower doses of GCs in combination with injectable collagen with good therapeutic effect, especially in patients at risk.

There are more and more studies in the literature showing the efficacy and safety of injectable collagen therapy used alone or in combination with other preparations. However, this topic requires further prospective and observational studies.