bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Difference in cognitive styles between gifted and ordinary people in a sample From high school students in Al-Ahsa
Authors: نورة أحمد الخليفة نورة أحمد الخليفة
Published: July 2020

the main objective of this study is to identify the differences in cognitive styles (independence, dependence, reflective and impulsive styles) between the gifted and average males/females secondary students level applying the different gender as a variable. In this study, the researcher followed the comparative descriptive approach on a sample that contains 110 males/females secondary students: 20 males gifted secondary students, 30 females gifted secondary students (both the gifted males and females students have passed the test of the Saudi Arabia national project to discover the gifted students), 30 average males secondary students and 30 average females secondary students, they have been selected by a simple randomized method. Then the researcher used two tools: Embedded Figures Test EFT (Group figures) to measure the independence/dependence styles based on the conceptual field who prepared by Anwer Al-Sharqawi and Suliman Al-khudari in (1989) and measuring the reflective/impulsive verbal styles who was presented by (Aiash, 2006) after modifying the method to be applicable for this study. The results of the study has shown the following:There is a statistical difference of less than 0.05 in the dependence/independence styles between the males/females gifted students with respect to the average students to the gifted students, which means that the gifted students are more independent from the average students. There is no statistical difference between the gifted males students and gifted females students in the dependence/independence style, which means that there is no affect of the gender differences.There is a statistical difference of a level less than 0.05 in reflective/impulsive style between the male/female gifted students with respect to the average ones to the gifted students, which means that the gifted students are more patients than the normal ones.There is no statistical difference between the male gifted students and female gifted students from the reflective/impulsive style prospective, which means that there is no affect of the gender differences.The total results of this study support that there are cognitive styles differences between the gifted and average students that were discussed and given some recommendations and suggested studies linked to this study and its topic.
Characteristics, comorbidities, 30-day outcome and in-hospital mortality of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in a Swiss area – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pellaud Charlotte , Grandmaison Gaël , Thien Hoa Phong Pham Huu , Baumberger Marine , Carrel Guillaume , Ksouri Hatem , Erard Véronique , Chuard Christian , Hayoz Daniel , Sridharan Govind
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND
Since its first description in December 2019, coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide. There is limited information about presenting characteristics and outcomes of Swiss patients requiring hospitalisation. Furthermore, outcomes 30 days after onset of symptoms and after hospital discharge have not been described.

AIMS
To describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes 30 days after onset of symptoms and in-hospital mortality of a cohort of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in a Swiss area.

METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, we included all inpatients hospitalised with microbiologically confirmed COVID-19 between 1 March and 12 April 2020 in the public hospital network of a Swiss area (Fribourg). Demographic data, comorbidities and outcomes were recorded. Rate of potential hospital-acquired infection, outcomes 30 days after onset of symptoms and in-hospital mortality are reported.

RESULTS
One hundred ninety-six patients were included in the study. In our population, 119 (61%) were male and the median age was 70 years. Forty-nine patients (25%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The rate of potential hospital-acquired infection was 7%. Overall, 30 days after onset of symptoms 117 patients (60%) had returned home, 23 patients (12%) were in a rehabilitation facility, 18 patients (9%) in a medical ward, 6 patients (3%) in ICU and 32 (16%) patients had died. Among patients who returned home within 30 days, 73 patients (63%) reported persistent symptoms. The overall in-hospital mortality was 17%.

CONCLUSION
We report the first cohort of Swiss patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Thirty days after onset of the symptoms, 60% had returned home. Among them, 63% still presented symptoms. Studies with longer follow-up are needed to document long-term outcomes in patients hospitalised with COVID-19.
Vajinusmus ve Migrenli Vakada Akupunktur Tedavisi
Authors: Hayriye Alp
Published: July 2020

Giriş: Migren ve vajinusmus kadınlarda sık rastlanan durumlardır. Migren tipi baş ağrısı, binlerce yıldan beri bilinen bir hastalık olup, remisyon atak şeklinde klinik seyir izler. Primer başağrıları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Genel insidansı %1-3 civarındadır. Vajinusmus bayan cinsiyette perine kaslarının istem dışı kasılması sonucu ilişkiyi engelleyebilir ve ya rahatsızlık verebilir. Her iki hastalık da stres kaygı düzeyi ile şiddeti doğru orantılı olarak artmaktadır.

Olgu: 37 yaşında bayan hemşire hasta menstrüasyon boyunca migren, vertigo, obezite, topuk dikeni, vajinusmus, cinsel isteksizlik şikayetleri ile başvurdu. Başvuru sırasında VAS 8 idi.D vit 23.76ng/dl, B12;317, TSH; 3,18 mU/L, İnsülin;32,1 idi. BMI; 25.9,hasta 68,9kg, 163cm boyunda idi. TA 100/60mmhg, Mg; 1,8.

Metod: Hastaya 12 seans akupunktur uygulandı.DU-20,21, ST-24,25, LU-9,H-7,PC-6, UB-62, SP-6,9 Kulakta uterus, sıfır, shen-men, Hunger,topuk, jerome,göz, servikal noktaları alındı. Tek kullanımlık akupunktur iğneleri(0.25x25mm ve 0.20x13mm) kullanıldı. Hastaya d vit ve mag replasmanı verildi. Tiramin içeren gıdalar kısıtlandı. Seanslar 20dk sürdü.

Sonuç: 2.seansta vertigo azaldı, Vas 2-3 e düştü.4. seansta topuk dikeni ağrısı yoktu.8.seansta hamile kaldı. Hasta sağlıklı bir gebelik süreci atlattı.

Tartışma: vajinusmus stres,korku ve gerginlik oluşturabilmektedir.Psikolojik semptomlar için akupunkturdan yararlanabilmektedir.Akupunktur endojen endorfin seviyesini yükselterek kaygı stres düzeyini azaltmaktadır. IVF yapılan kadınlarda ET sırasında uygulanan akupunkturun klinik gebelik hızının devam eden gebeliğin ve canlı doğumu artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
UAV color images for determination of citrus plant parameters
Authors: Mathanker Sunil K. , Estévez de Jensen Consuelo , Pagán-López Andrés M. , Pérez-Alegría Luis R.
Published: July 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones are being studied for many agricultural applications. One application is plant phenotyping to reduce the time and effort required in collecting field data. This study aims to explore the use of a UAV, 4K-color camera and a commercial image analysis service to measure citrus plant parameters that are important to a crop scientist or grower with limited technical background and resources. Citrus spp. are important crops in Puerto Rico and the United States. Currently, the citrus industry is struggling to contain the devastating effects of citrus greening or Huanglongbing disease. The disease is associated with a phloem-limited bacteria, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLAs), vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. The use of insecticides for vector control is the primary strategy used in nurseries and orchards. However, once the citrus plant is infected, there is no effective control available for the disease. In Puerto Rico this disease has reduced Citrus spp. yields by more than 50%; studies are underway to find effective control measures such as supplemental nutrients, vector management practices, planting disease-free vegetative material and protective screen structures. An experiment at the Fortuna Agricultural Experiment Substation, in Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico, was conducted to address the challenges posed by citrus greening. The experiment was established in a four-year-old grove of Tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia Tan.) on Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni hort. ex Tanaka), naturally infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates and three treatments: supplemental nutrients, supplemental nutrients + salicylic acid, and granular fertilization. Tree growth parameters were measured, and laboratory analyses were carried out to determine nutrient levels and disease severity levels from the leaf samples. The color camera, on board the UAV, was employed to acquire images of the experimental plot. Drone Deploy application was used for planning the UAV flights and image analysis. Field-measured plant height and canopy diameter compared well with the parameters determined from the color images. The average errors in measuring canopy diameter (14.5%) and plant height (22.4%) could be considered within an acceptable range, especially for comparing different treatments or crop varieties. However, the average errors in measuring canopy volume (47.5%) were high and can be considered unacceptable. It appears that the assumed conical shape of the trees could be one of the main reasons, besides the algorithms used in calculating plant volume, and built-in inaccuracies of the single frequency GPS (global positioning system) used in estimating altitude. Further studies could help in reducing errors and exploring other applications. The method used can be of importance in evaluating fruit trees.
Female Necessity And Opportunity Entrepreneurship: A Study Of Income Level And Social Progress
Authors: Waseem Ansar
Published: July 2020

The number of female owned enterprises is gradually increasing as more and more women are starting their own businesses. This has encouraged, governments, policy makers, and scholars to focus on unearthing different individual, social, and economic factors, which can promote female entrepreneurial activities. However, a majority of the studies concerning female entrepreneurial activities have focused on their overall level of business start-ups. These studies have failed to delineate between necessity based and opportunity driven entrepreneurship. Moreover, little empirical work is done to investigate how different economic, social, and cultural factors shape women’s entrepreneurial initiatives. This study aims to fill the gap in the extant literature by investigating the impact of economic development and social progress on necessity based and opportunity driven entrepreneurship among females. For this purpose, data regarding different types of female entrepreneurship was collected from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, while Gross National Income, the Social Progress Index, and the Human Capital Index were used as measures to capture economic and social factors. Regression Analysis using the Ordinary Least Square method was used for hypothesis testing. Results of this study indicate that GNI per capita, social progress and human development are positively related with opportunity driven female entrepreneurship, while the same predictors are negatively associated with necessity-based entrepreneurship among women. Moreover, GNI per capita, social progress and human development have a U-shaped relationship with overall female entrepreneurship implying that at the left side of the curve, necessity-based entrepreneurship is more prominent, while on the other side opportunity driven entrepreneurship dominates. This finding shows that distinguishing between different types of entrepreneurship can provide more nuanced explanations regarding effects of different social and economic initiatives to foster entrepreneurial activities among women.
The Politics of Heroes’ Body: Ethnographying the Training of Foreign Astronauts in Russia
Authors: Patarin-Jossec Julie
Published: July 2020

If the literature in the history of the Soviet space program is extremely prolific since the 1960s, including regarding cosmonaut embodiment, a lack remains regarding the contemporary reality of human spaceflight in Russia. As this article discusses, based on interviews and a long-term ethnography of the Russian training of astronauts from Western Europe, North America, and Japan, becoming an astronaut is to develop a legitimate body fitting dominant cultural and gendered models. Three mechanisms serve the manufacture of “heroes” and masculine bodies through the astronaut training: the historical narrative of human spaceflight; the values and virility attributes embed as part of the training; and the instruments used in the daily activity of astronauts (such as spacesuits). This manufacture of a legitimate body, characterized by masculinity and discipline inherited from the past, is a heuristic field for corporality and studies of global politics as it underlines how an interweaving of gender, Soviet heritage, and cultural fantasies frames the bodies of a professional elite.
Sons of Lilith: The Portrayal and Characterization of Women in the Apocryphal Comics of Neil Gaiman, Alan Moore, and Grant Morrison
Authors: Tembo Kwasu
Published: July 2020

This paper examines the treatment and characterization of women, sex, identity, and gender in the lesser known or studied comics of Alan Moore, Neil Gaiman, and Grant Morrison in order to discern what such an analysis tells us about each author's engagement with the issues and debates surrounding these sociopolitical and cultural phenomena. The purpose of this study is to discern how three of the most influential writers of contemporary comics books engage with themes of gender, identity, sexuality, and trauma and, in this way, set precedents that have come to be debated and critiqued in contemporary comics scholarship and fandom. It reveals that all three writers ostensibly engage with progressive imaginings of the self, sexuality, identity, and gender as mercurial, de-centred, and subject to play and change in each of the chosen case study characters. It finds that while ostensibly progressive, all three writers simultaneously recirculate certain conceptualizations of the relationships between identity, trauma, and sexuality by taking the histories in which they emerged as assumed.
HORTO MEDICINAL:
Authors: Silveira Aniele Da Silva , Santos Aidraiane Ferreira  dos , Santos Iva De Jesus , Silva Maria Ângela Avelina da , Bezerra Rosevânia
Published: July 2020

O relato traz a experiência do horto medicinal implantado pelos discentes de tecnologia em agroecologia da modalidade do Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária (PRONERA) da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), junto a Escola de Família Agrícola do Sertão (EFASE) situado no município de Monte Santo, região da Caatinga baiana. O horto medicinal é uma área experimental de resgate da cultural tradicional no cultivo e uso de plantas medicinais para tratamento e cura de doenças. No espaço realizamos o cultivo de ervas nativas da Caatinga, espécies nativas da Mata Atlânticas e exóticas, além do cultivo realizamos o beneficiamento das ervas e multiplicando, assim o conhecimento entre discentes e docentes da EFASE.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE SIGNIFICADOS EM COMUNIDADES QUILOMBOLAS ENQUANTO MARCAS DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Silva Valdineide Souza da , SANTOS JULIO CESAR DOS , Santos Jamile Mendes dos , Passos Fabiana Souza
Published: July 2020

O desenvolvimento deste estudo teve como objetivo identificar a construção de significados das comunidades remanescentes quilombolas Caminho de Jericó e Tuntum com as marcas deixadas pelas políticas públicas de saúde. Realizou-se uma abordagem acerca das Políticas Nacionais de: Saúde integral da população negra, Atenção integral à saúde do homem e Práticas integrativas e complementares no SUS - PICS. De caráter qualitativo, utilizou-se a construção de dados por procedimentos de entrevista semiestruturada, gravada em áudio. Participaram 05 membros das comunidades de ambos os sexos, sendo 03 participantes oriundos da Comunidade Remanescente de Quilombo Caminho de Jericó, no município de Wenceslau Guimarães e 02 da Sociedade Tuntum, no município de Itaparica. Os resultados indicaram marcas das políticas supracitadas nas práticas cotidianas dos participantes, os quais se referem fazer uso de plantas medicinais no tratamento de diversos sintomas que complementam a assistência precária dos serviços públicos de saúde na comunidade. Palavras-chave: construção de sentidos; políticas públicas de saúde; comunidade quilombola.
TRATANDO EM CASA
Authors: Monteiro Viviane Barros Cabral , Andrade Mendonça Tâmara De , Ribeiro De Souza Ellen Moreira , Hora Almeida Lucas Aragão da
Published: July 2020

O artigo registra as apresentações do evento Congresso internacional de inovação tecnológica nas ciências da saúde: a sustentabilidade das práticas integrativas à agroecologia, mais especificamente a apresentação: Tratando em casa: cartilha informativa sobre feridas crônicas para profissionais e usuários da atenção básica. O artigo versa sobre o tratamento continuado das feridas crônicas em domicílio. O evento aconteceu de 15 a 18 de novembro de 2017 no IFBA SAJ sob a direção da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.

Palavras-chave: Cuidado domiciliar. Cartilha Informativa. Saúde.
CAPOEIRA E SAÚDE
Authors: Da Hora Edmilson José
Published: July 2020

O artigo registra os cursos do evento congresso internacional de inovação tecnológica nas ciências da saúde: a sustentabilidade das práticas integrativas a agroecologia, mais especificamente o minicurso: Capoeira e Saúde. O minicurso buscou tratar a capoeira como uma terapia, mais conhecido como capoterapia. O evento aconteceu de 15 a 18 de novembro de 2017 no IFBA SAJ sob a direção da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.

Palavras-chave: PICS. Capoterapia. Saúde. Movimento.
OS AVANÇOS TEÓRICOS NO ESTUDO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO EM NOVAS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Júlio César
Published: July 2020

O artigo registra as conferências do evento congresso internacional de inovação tecnológica nas ciências da saúde: a sustentabilidade das práticas integrativas a agroecologia, mais especificamente a conferência Os Avanços Teóricos No Estudo Do  Desenvolvimento Humano em Novas Práticas Integrativas De Saúde. O estudo aponta a necessidade de novos sistemas conceituais, novas teorias e novos métodos capazes de explicar coerentemente a natureza altamente complexa dos processos de funcionamento e desenvolvimento individual que diz respeito a questão da herança, a transmissão da herança genética e cultural, a epigenética. O evento aconteceu de 15 a 18 de novembro de 2017 no IFBA SAJ sob a direção da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.

Palavras-chave: Processos de desenvolvimento humano. Epigenética. Herança genética. Herança cultural.
SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM PROGRAMA DE ALIMENTAÇÃO: APROXIMAÇÕES E DISTÂNCIAS ENTRE BASES NORMATIVAS DE INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO.
Authors: Santos Livia Silva dos , Henrique Flávia Conceição Dos Santos
Published: July 2020

Numa versão idealizada, consolidando princípios a Segurança Nutricional e Alimentar - SAN, seria considerada como condição em que todas as pessoas em todos os lugares, teriam garantido acesso a alimento de qualidade, em quantidade o suficiente para atender as necessidades biológicas do indivíduo. A SAN traz com ela algumas Políticas intersetoriais, podendo citar o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE), que visa suprir parcialmente as necessidades nutricionais dos alunos, e a Política Nacional de Alimentação e Nutrição (PNAN) que tem o propósito de garantir a qualidade dos alimentos para consumo no país, além de promover práticas saudáveis. Objetiva-se analisar o discurso – aproximações e distanciamentos - da SAN no âmbito de dois programas setoriais de alimentação e nutrição. Utilizou-se do método de análise documental, e explorou a base normativa do programa e políticas de referência para o estudo. Apesar dessas políticas terem tido um crescimento, e sofrido transformações para suas melhorias, pode-se observar que ainda há necessidade de dar continuidade a esse processo. Observou-se que a maioria dos documentos avaliados, trazem consigo trechos onde afirmam que as políticas intersetoriais estão inseridas no contexto da SAN.

Palavras-Chave: Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional; Alimentação Escolar; Política Nacional de Alimentação
A REVOLUÇÃO VERDE E SEUS IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE HUMANA COM A MODERNIZAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA
Authors: Nunes Flávia Jesus , Machado Dias Fabiane Pereira , Da Silva Rodrigo França
Published: July 2020

O artigo registra os cursos do congresso internacional de inovação tecnológica nas ciências da saúde: a sustentabilidade das práticas integrativas a agroecologia, mais especificamente o minicurso A revolução verde e seus impactos na saúde humana com a modernização da agricultura. O minicurso tratou o papel do homem como componente incontestável do meio ambiente e suas ações na sociedade. O evento aconteceu de 15 a 18 de novembro de 2017 no IFBA SAJ sob a direção da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia.

Palavras-chave: Revolução verde. Saúde. Meio ambiente. Movimento
GERBANG PEMBAYARAN NASIONAL (GPN) SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DALAM OPTIMALISASI PENARIKAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN (PPh) PADA TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE
Authors: Tampubolon Immanuel Riyadi
Published: July 2020

Teknologi Informasi Komunikasi (TIK) telah mengubah bentuk bisnis tradisional menjadi bisnis berbasis digital yang dikenal dengan istilah e-commerce. Perkembangan  e-commerce di Indonesia meningkat setiap tahunnya dan mempengaruhi terhadap penerimaan pajak khususnya pajak penghasilan (PPh). Self-assessment system merupakan sistem pemungutan pajak penghasilan (PPh) yang menitikberatkan dalam hal mencatat, membayarkan, dan melaporkan besar penghasilan langsung kepada pelaku usaha sehingga dianggap banyak pelaku usaha yang tidak melakukan kewajiban pajaknya. Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN) merupakan instrumen yang dapat mencatat penghasilan pelaku usaha untuk optimalisasi penarikan pajak penghasilan (PPh). Namun, tidak terdapat aturan hukum yang secara spesifik mengatur pencatatan penghasilan pelaku usaha melalui GPN. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian memberikan konsep GPN sebagai instrumen dalam optimalisasi penarikan pajak penghasilan (PPh) pada pelaku usaha e-commerce.
PENGATURAN FREEDOM OF PANORAMA DIKAITKAN DENGAN PENERAPAN PELINDUNGAN KARYA CIPTA YANG ADA DI RUANG PUBLIK DITINJAU DARI HUKUM HAK CIPTA DAN HUKUM TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Leoni Andrea Danetta , Rika Ratna Permata  , Tasya Safiranita
Published: July 2020

Hadirnya teknologi digital semakin memudahkan manusia dalam menciptakan konten kreatif secara tanpa batas, misalnya dalam mengabadikan karya-karya cipta yang berada di ruang publik dan kemudian dapat menggunakannya secara komersil ataupun non-komersil ke dalam platform ataupun media online. Hal tersebut menimbulkan permasalahan yakni bagaimana apabila karya cipta di ruang publik yang diabadikan dan diunggah ke dalam media-media online tersebut dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran hak cipta. Dimana di beberapa negara, mengambil potret suatu karya cipta di ruang publik hanya dapat dilakukan di bawah ketentuan Freedom of Panorama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu diketahuinya sejauh mana UUHC dapat melindungi karya cipta yang ada di ruang publik, serta diketahuinya upaya pencegahan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan penyedia platform terhadap karya cipta yang ada di ruang publik atas konten yang diunggah. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pada dasarnya UUHC belum mengatur mengenai Freedom of Panorama dan pelindungan karya cipta yang ada di ruang publik, serta upaya pencegahan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan penyedia platform juga belum secara maksimal dalam memberikan pelindungan terhadap karya cipta yang ada di ruang publik atas konten yang diunggah.
PENYELENGGARAAN OTONOMI DAERAH BIDANG PENDIDIKAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Danetta Leoni Andrea
Published: July 2020

Adanya otonomi daerah menimbulkan hubungan kewenangan antara pemerintahan pusat dengan daerah. Dalam hal ini, hubungan kewenangan antara pusat dan daerah yang akan dibahas oleh penulis adalah lebih mengkhususkan kedalam hubungan kewenangan di bidang pendidikan. Mengingat bahwa sistem pendidikan nasional memiliki peran yang penting dalam mencerdaskan bangsa Indonesia. Selain itu, sebubungan dengan era globaisasi maka diperlukan pendidikan yang mampu menghasilkan Sumber Daya Manusia Indonesia yang berkualitas agar dapat bersaing di dunia Internasional. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, dimana sumber data yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan insturumen-instrumen hukum yang berkaitan dengan Pemerintahan Daerah dan Sistem Pendidikan Nasional serta dengan menggunakan hasil kajian dari bahan-bahan kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa hubungan antara pusat dengan daerah dapat terlihat dariotonomi daerah melahirkan hubungan antara pemerintahan pusat dengan daerah salah satunya yaitu hubungan kewenangan yang dalam hal ini adalah hubungan kewenangan di bidang pendidikan yang meliputi manajemen pendidikan, kurikulum, akreditasi, pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan, perizinan pendidikan, serta dalam hal bahasa dan sastra.
Regression scores to identify risky drivers from braking pulses
Authors: Sun Shuai , Bi Jun , Guillen Montserrat , Pérez-Marín Ana Maria
Published: July 2020

Driving data record information on style and patterns of vehicles that are inmotion. These data are analysed to obtain risk scores that can later beimplemented in insurance pricing schemes. Scores may also be used in on-board sensors to create risk alerts that help drivers to keep up with safetymargins. Regression methods are proposed and a prototype real sample of 253drivers is analysed. Conclusions are drawn on the mean number of brakepulses per day as measured within 30 seconds time-intervals. Linear andlogistic regressions serve to construct a label that classifies drivers. A novelfactor based on the driving range that is defined from geo-localizationimproves the results considerably. Driving range is expressed as measures thediagonal of a rectangle that contains the furthest North-South versus East-West weekly vehicle trajectory. This factor shows that frequent braking activityis negatively related to the square of driving range.
Pruned Wasserstein Index Generation Model and wigpy Package
Authors: Xie Fangzhou
Published: July 2020

Recent proposal of Wasserstein Index Generation model (WIG) has shown a new direction for automatically generating indices. However, it is challenging in practice to fit large datasets for two reasons. First, the Sinkhorn distance is notoriously expensive to compute and suffers from dimensionality severely. Second, it requires to compute a full N × N matrix to be fit into memory, where N is the dimension of vocabulary. When the dimensionality is too large, it is even impossible to compute at all. I hereby propose a Lasso-based shrinkage method to reduce dimensionality for the vocabulary as a pre-processing step prior to fittig the WIG model. After we get the word embedding from Word2Vec model, we could cluster these high-dimensional vectors by k-means clustering, and pick most frequent tokens within each cluster to form the “base vocabulary”. Non-base tokens are then regressed on the vectors of base token to get a transformation weight and we could thus represent the whole vocabulary by only the “base tokens”. This variant, called pruned WIG (pWIG), will enable us to shrink vocabulary dimension at will but could still achieve high accuracy. I also provide a wigpy module in Python to carry out computation in both flavor. Application to Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) index is showcased as comparison with existing methods of generating time-series sentiment indices.
Model degradation in web derived text-based models
Authors: Daas Piet , Jansen Jelmer
Published: July 2020

Getting an overview of the innovative companies in a country is a challenging task. Traditionally, this is done by sending a questionnaire to a sample of large companies. For this an alternative approach has been developed: determining if a company is innovative by studying the text on the main page of its website. The text-based model created is able to reproduce the results from the survey and is also able to detect small innovative companies, such as startups. However, model stability was found to be a serious problem. It suffered from model degradation which resulted in a gradual decrease in the detection of innovative companies. The accuracy of the model dropped from 93% to 63% during a period of one year. In this paper this phenomenon is described and the data underlying it is studied in great detail. It was found that the combination of the inactivity of a subset of websites and changes in the composition of the words on company websites over time produced this effect. A solution for dealing with this phenomenon is presented and future research is discussed.
High order PLS path modeling to evaluate well-being merging traditional and big data: A longitudinal study
Authors: Siletti Elena , De Battisti Francesca
Published: July 2020

We propose using high order partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) todefine a synthetic Italian well-being index merging traditional data,represented by the Quality of Life index proposed by “Il Sole 24 Ore”, andinformation provided by big data, represented by a Subjective Well-beingIndex (SWBI) performed extracting moods by Twitter. High order constructs,which allow to define a more abstract higher-level dimension and its moreconcrete lower-order sub-dimensions, have gained wide attention inapplications of PLS-PM, and many contributions in literature proposed theiruse to build composite indicators. The aim of the paper is to underline somecritical issues in the use of these models and to suggest the implementation ofa new spurious repeated indicator approach. Furthermore, following somerecommendations proposed on the use of PLS-PM in longitudinal studies, wecompare the situation in 2016 and 2017.
Big Data in Corporate Governance decision
Authors: Grau Grau Alfredo Juan , Bel Oms Inmaculada
Published: July 2020

Progress in Big Data in recent years has grown exponentially, which hasallowed the detection and processing of a large amount of data. Until recently,this fact was unattainable by the lack of mechanization of the corporategovernance reports. This paper investigates the relationship betweencorporate governance decisions affect the indebtedness policies of 1,956industrial companies listed in Europe and the USA over the period 2016–2018(5,868 observations). To measure corporate governance decisions, we usedetailed information on the expertise of audit committees, the proportion ofindependent directors, board structures and women's presence on corporateboards. Our findings, which are based on a static panel data analysis, showthat there is a strong negative relationship between Audit Committeesexpertise and indebtedness level in European and North American companies.There are also evidence that European and American companies with a one-tier board structure and Audit Committees expertise are less likely to havelower level of indebtedness. Our results shed new light on corporategovernance in relation to the experience of audit committees and the influenceof their characteristics on indebtedness policy.
Question-Generating Datasets: Facilitating Data Transformation of Official Statistics for Broad Citizenry Decision-Making
Authors: Herzog Patricia Snell , Yadav Rahul , Bolchini Davide
Published: July 2020

Citizenry decision-making relies on data for informed actions, and official statistics provide many of the relevant data needed for these decisions. However, the wide, distributed, and diverse datasets available from official statistics remain hard to access, scrutinise and manipulate, especially for non-experts. As a result, the complexities involved in official statistical databases create barriers to broader access to these data, often rendering the data non-actionable or irrelevant for the speed at which decisions are made in social and public life. To address this problem, this paper proposes an approach to automatically generating basic, factual questions from an existing dataset of  official statistics. The question generating process, now specifically instantiated for geospatial data, starts from a raw dataset and gradually builds toward formulating and presenting users with examples of questions that the dataset can answer, and for which geographic units. This approach exemplifies a novel paradigm of question-first data rendering, where questions, rather than data tables, are used as a human-centred and relevant access point to explore, manipulate, navigate and cross-link data to support decision making. This approach can automate time-consuming aspects of data transformation and facilitate broader access to data.
Google Trends Topic-Based Uncertainty: A Multi-National Approach
Authors: Schütze Florian
Published: July 2020

Several studies have shown that uncertainty among economic actors influences business cycle dynamics. This paper uses Google Trends topic queries to construct an uncertainty proxy that can be applied to every country where Google is active. Using a VAR approach, this paper demonstrates that the obtained impulse-response functions of main economic indicators to a one-standard deviation shock to the constructed indicator, are similar to those from an already-existing uncertainty proxy, the EPU. This is true for the G7 countries and Russia. On average, the uncertainty indicator constructed for this paper leads to more statistically significant responses than does the EPU. Thus, this paper shows that Google Trends is a helpful tool for obtaining timely information about uncertainty among economic actors. The main improvement in this uncertainty proxy is in its language independence. Existing uncertainty-measurement approaches, in contrast, rely on certain keywords that often vary across countries.
Setting Crunchbase for Data Science: Preprocessing, Data Integration and Feature Engineering
Authors: Ferrati Francesco , Muffatto Moreno
Published: July 2020

In order to support equity investors in their decision-making process, researchers are exploring the potential of machine learning algorithms to predict the financial success of startup ventures. In this context, a key role is played by the significance of the data used, which should reflect most of the variables considered by investors in their screening and evaluation activity. This paper provides a detailed description of the data management process that can be followed to obtain such a dataset. Using Crunchbase as the main data source, other databases have been integrated to enrich the information content and support the feature engineering process. Specifically, the following sources has been considered: USPTO PatentsView, Kauffman Indicators of Entrepreneurship, Academic Ranking of World Universities, CB Insights ranking of top-investors. The final dataset contains the profiles of 138,637 US-based ventures founded between 2000 and 2019. For each company the elements assessed by equity investors have been analyzed. Among others, the following specific areas were considered for each company: location, industry, founding team, intellectual property and funding round history. Data related to each area have been formalized in a series of features ready to be used in a machine learning context.
Proposal of a composite indicator for measuring social media presence in the wine market
Authors: Conchado Peiró Andrea , Carot Sierra José Miguel , Vázquez Barrachina Elena , Orduña Malea Enrique
Published: July 2020

Cybermetrics field is attracting considerable interest due to its utility as a data-oriented technique for research, though it may provide misleading information when used in complex systems. This paper outlines a new approach to market research analysis through the definition of composite indicators for cybermetrics, applied to the Spanish wine market. Our findings show that the majority of cellars were present in only one or two social media networks: Facebook, Twitter or both. Besides, the presence on the Web can be summarized into three principal components: website quality, presence on Facebook, and presence on Twitter. Three groups of cellars were identified according to their position in these components: cellars with a high number of errors in their website with complete absence of information in social media, cellars with strong presence in social media, and cellars in an intermediate position. Our results constitute an excellent initial step towards the definition of a methodology for building composite indicators in cybermetrics. From a practical approach, these indicators may encourage cellar managers to make better decisions towards their transition to the digital market.
Comparing Methods to Retrieve Tweets: a Sentiment Approach
Authors: Toninelli Daniele , Schlosser Stephan , Cameletti Michela
Published: July 2020

In current times Internet and social media have become almost unavoidabletools to support research and decision making processes in various fields.Nevertheless, the collection and use of data retrieved from these types ofsources pose different challenges. In a previous paper we compared theefficiency of three alternative methods used to retrieve geolocated tweets overan entire country (United Kingdom). One method resulted as the bestcompromise in terms of both the effort needed to set it and quantity/quality ofdata collected. In this work we further check, in term of content, whether thethree compared methods are able to produce “similar information”. Inparticular, we aim at checking whether there are differences in the level ofsentiment estimated using tweets coming from the three methods. In doing so,we take into account both a cross-section and a longitudinal perspective. Ourresults confirm that our current best option does not show any significantdifference in the sentiment, producing globally scores in between the scoresobtained using the two alternative methods. Thus, such a flexible and reliablemethod can be implemented in the data collection of geolocated tweets in othercountries and for other studies based on the sentiment analysis.
#immigrants project: the on-line perception of integration
Authors: D'Agata Rosario , Gozzo Simona
Published: July 2020

This paper analyses the content of Twitter’s comments during the period covering the last European elections. "#immigrants" is the extraction’s keyword in different national languages. With the exception of English and French, whose extraction would be misleading, all of the other languages have been chosen to catch the geographical area of reference. We made sure to extract at least two sentences for each Welfare area. Once the data have been extracted, three different strategies have been used. The first one, dealing with both a qualitative and a quantitative assessment; the second one, analysing automatically the content of the top 10 extracted tweets during the reference period and the third one based on network analysis. Through a deep analysis of the content, three clusters have been identified: the first one dealing with the cultural risks of multiculturalism; the second one (social risks) dealing with the fear of migrants stealing job vacancies and the third one dealing with economic risks. A deep network analysis of Italian and Spanish contexts follows. What emerges is that: communication is extremely heterogeneous; in Italy there unique and duplicated edges prevails; in Spain there are more groups than in Italy, more themes covered and different kind of users and nets.
Arqueologia do saber de Michel Foucault em perspectiva: da fenomenologia existencial para a epistemologia conceitual
Authors: Ragusa Pedro
Published: July 2020

O objetivo central desse artigo será mostrar a trajetória de ruptura do pensamento e dos escritos de Foucault com a fenomenologia, e a posterior aproximação durante a realização de sua pesquisa arqueológica da epistemologia, para, fazer desta a sua principal referência teórico-metodológica e temática em seus escritos dos anos sessenta. Dessa maneira, cumpre com esse estudo mostrar como a arqueologia do saber como perspectiva teórica-metodológica de Michel Foucault para uma história dos saberes alinhada a Epistemologia, correspondeu a um ponto de chegada para seu pensamento e suas pesquisas.
Reflexões feministas sobre escuta e democracia: experiências das mulheres na construção de paz na Colômbia
Authors: Barbabela Pedro , Martínez Villalba Yulieth
Published: July 2020

A assinatura do termo de compromisso para o término do conflito armado na Colômbia no ano de 2012, significou um importante avanço na tentativa de criar uma paz mais inclusiva e duradoura que reconhecesse o lugar das experiências individuais no processo de paz no país. O presente artigo busca compreender a participação dos movimentos de mulheres e feministas ao longo do processo de paz na Colômbia (2012-2016), a partir de discussões presentes na teoria democrática contemporânea. Por meio de uma abordagem feminista, realizamos uma etnografia de documentos produzidos sobre as conferências e fóruns de vítimas, que contaram com uma intensa participação de mulheres, tentando compreender as contribuições dos movimentos para a construção democrática na Colômbia. Como resultado, percebemos que a participação das mulheres em espaços de deliberação, contribuiu para a ampliação da compreensão do conflito e possibilitou a incorporação de demandas diferenciadas no documento final.
Neoliberalismo e segurança: investigações a partir da obra de Michel Foucault
Authors: Gimenes Lucio Flávio de Santana , Mizoguchi Danichi Hausen
Published: July 2020

Para quem busca pensar a segurança, Michel Foucault figura dentre os principais autores de referência. A partir do conceito de segurança presente em sua obra, este artigo pretende investigar como se configura a segurança no contextoneoliberal contemporâneo. A pesquisa nos levou a pensar a ascensão do liberalismo como ponto de mudança na qual as práticas de governo tomaram a segurança como eixo da governamentalidade. Entendemos que o liberalismo emergiu coma promessa republicana de liberdade para todos, mas se efetivou como sociedade de segurança cujas relações de poder se fundamentam no controle das populações.
Measuring Numeracy: Validity and the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC)
Authors: Tunstall Samuel
Published: July 2020

A tension raised in recent scholarship is that between numeracy as a social practice and numeracy as a functional skill set. Such frameworks for conceptualizing numeracy pose a challenge to assessment because what individuals do with numeracy is not the same as what individuals can do (or express) in an assessment setting. This study builds on work related to numeracy assessment through a validity examination of a portion of a well-known assessment: the OECD’s Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). In following a path set out by standards for assessment, I ask: What does the PIAAC numeracy assessment claim to measure? What are the intended uses of the assessment? How are we to interpret scores with those uses in mind? And to what degree do evidence and theory support interpretations for those uses? The main finding from this work is that while score interpretations from the PIAAC numeracy assessment may be valid for the use of describing proficiency distributions for specific groups, the construct of interest—numerate behavior—is not what is measured. Moreover, evidence distinguishing what is measured from other constructs, such as the OECD’s conception of literacy, is largely absent. This study contributes to existing literature on numeracy assessment by providing sources of evidence to consider in making judgments about validity for an assessment. It also suggests that, as scholars, we carefully hedge the ways that we talk about large-scale assessments, and in relation, what individuals can or cannot do based on results from such assessments.
Republic of Belarus
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: July 2020

The NBRB has made substantial progress in improving its forecasting and policy analysis system (FPAS) and integrating it into monetary policy decision-making. The FPAS, and the model-based forecasts and policy analysis, is now well integrated into the policy-making process. Staff are well trained and have become experienced in using the tools developed for policy analysis and forecasting. The forecasting and decision-making process is well structured and has helped increase the two-way interaction between staff and the NBRB board—additional and less formal interaction between staff and board members in between the formal meetings may help enhance the process further.
Republic of Kosovo
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: July 2020

The FSSR mission team conducted a diagnostic review of CBK governance and of the financial system, undertook a stocktaking of the implementation of recommendations from the 2012 Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) and MCM TA, and proposed a TA Roadmap to support the efforts of the authorities to address key gaps and vulnerabilities. The IMF Statistics Department (STA) supported the mission with an assessment of the compilation of financial soundness indicators (FSIs), monetary and financial statistics, and balance sheet matrices (Annex I).
Activity of vancomycin combined with linezolid against clinical vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus strains
Authors: Aktas Gulseren
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Because multi-drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria have been isolated frequently worldwide and are difficult to treat, alternative treatment choices are required. Combination antibiotherapies have a distinct advantage over monotherapies in terms of their broad spectrum and synergistic effect. In the present study, it was aimed to investigate the in vitro activity of vancomycin combined with linezolid against clinical vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) strains with high-level aminoglycoside resistance.

Material and methods

A total of 30 randomly selected clinical VRE strains were studied. Susceptibility to agents tested was investigated using broth microdilution assay. The inoculum of strain was adjusted to approximately 5 × 105 CFU/ml in the wells. The results were interpreted in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. In vitro activities of anti¬biotics in combination were assessed using the broth microcheckerboard technique. The fractional inhibitory concentration indexes (FICIs) were interpreted as follows: synergism, FICI ≤ 0.5; additive/indifference, FICI ≤ 0.5 – ≤ 4; antagonism, FICI > 4.

Results

All strains were resistant to vancomycin and susceptible to linezolid. The MIC50,90 and MICrange values of antimicrobials were 512, 512, and 512–1024 µg/ml for vancomycin; 2, 2, and 2–4 µg/ml for linezolid. The rate of synergy was found to be 46.6% (14/30) for linezolid combined with vancomycin. No antago-nism was observed.

Conclusions

The results of the study suggest that this combination may contribute to the treatment of VRE infections for their synergistic effect and because no antagonism was observed.