bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and global vegetation: random forests for downscaling and gap filling
Authors: van Jaarsveld Barry , Hauswirth Sandra M. , Wanders Niko
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Drought is a devastating natural disaster, during which water shortage often manifests itself in the health of vegetation. Unfortunately, it is difficult to obtain high-resolution vegetation drought impact information that is spatially and temporally consistent. While remotely sensed products can provide part of this information, they often suffer from data gaps and limitations with respect to their spatial or temporal resolution. A persistent feature among remote-sensing products is the trade-off between the spatial resolution and revisit time: high temporal resolution is met with coarse spatial resolution and vice versa. Machine learning methods have been successfully applied in a wide range of remote-sensing and hydrological studies. However, global applications to resolve drought impacts on vegetation dynamics still need to be made available, as there is significant potential for such a product to aid with improved drought impact monitoring. To this end, this study predicted global vegetation dynamics based on the enhanced vegetation index (evi) and the popular Random forest (RF) regressor algorithm at 0.1°. We assessed the applicability of RF as a gap-filling and downscaling tool to generate global evi estimates that are spatially and temporally consistent. To do this, we trained an RF regressor with 0.1° evi data, using a host of features indicative of the water and energy balances experienced by vegetation, and evaluated the performance of this new product. Next, to test whether the RF is robust in terms of spatial resolution, we downscale the global evi: the model trained on 0.1° data is used to predict evi at a 0.01° resolution. The results show that the RF can capture global evi dynamics at both a 0.1° resolution (RMSE: 0.02–0.4) and at a finer 0.01° resolution (RMSE: 0.04–0.6). Overall errors were higher in the downscaled 0.01° product compared with the 0.1° product. Nevertheless, relative increases remained small, demonstrating that RF can be used to create downscaled and temporally consistent evi products. Additional error analysis revealed that errors vary spatiotemporally, with underrepresented land cover types and periods of extreme vegetation conditions having the highest errors. Finally, this model is used to produce global, spatially continuous evi products at both a 0.1 and 0.01° spatial resolution for 2003–2013 at an 8 d frequency.
The Grammar of the Spirit World in Pentecostalized Africa
Authors: Kroesbergen-Kamps Johanneke , Öhlmann Philipp
Published: June 2024

What does it mean for the spirit world to be real? Scholars from different disciplines investigate this topic focusing on the role played by the spiritual realm in Pentecostalized Africa. The grammatical angle of their research proves to be a fruitful avenue to clarify the kind of reality or realities the spirit world has. This novel approach takes us beyond most existing research by investigating the often unaddressed assumption that we know what it means for the spirit world to be taken as real. This volume shows the importance of paying close attention to the grammar according to which people speak of spirits, Spirit, witchcraft, ancestors and other aspects of the spirit world.
Tendencias de innovación tecnológica que asisten procesos de auditoría financiera
Authors: De La Hoz Suárez Aminta I. , Cantillo Padrón Julio C. , Mestre Gómez Freddy de J.
Published: June 2024

La auditoría de la información financiera es una de las actividades que perfilan el aseguramiento de la información con criterios de credibilidad, en atención a ello, las tecnologías emergentes son nuevas tendencias que el auditor debe considerar para el ejercicio de sus labores. Por eso, este artículo se centra en describir las tendencias de innovación tecnológica que soportan los procesos de auditoría financiera que desarrollan las firmas consultoras – auditoras representativas del mundo: “Big Four”. Metodológicamente, se presenta un estudio descriptivo centrado en una revisión literaria, bajo un tipo de investigación básica con un diseño no experimental, teniendo como objeto de estudio las “Big Four”, indagando en documentos y experiencias reales sobre la práctica de la auditoría desde el punto de vista digital en el marco de la innovación tecnológica existente y persistente en el ejercicio de la profesión. En atención a lo referido, se concreta que las tendencias de innovación tecnológica en los procesos de auditoría financiera se están dando a una velocidad impresionante por lo que deben asumirse para garantizar que los programas de aseguramiento de la información financiera en el contexto de la transformación digital sean creíbles y consistentes.
Medición de la calidad financiera en empresas del sector manufacturero colombiano
Authors: Roque Daniel Isaac , Escobar Rodríguez John Hernando , Gutiérrez Mejía Diana Patricia , Varón Torres Alba Yaneth
Published: June 2024

Esta investigación se enfoca en medir la calidad de la información financiera en empresas del sector manufacturero colombiano mediante la aplicación de los modelos Beneish M-score, Probit y Logit. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en aplicar los modelos de puntaje M, Probit y Logit para identificar y medir posibles perfiles manipuladores basados en la calidad de la información financiera. La investigación se clasifica como exploratoria, con un diseño no experimental y un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra representativa abarcó a 470 empresas del sector manufacturero colombiano que presentaron sus estados financieros entre 2016 y 2020. Los resultados obtenidos mediante la aplicación de los modelos Beneish M-score, Probit y Logit revelaron prácticas contables que comprometen la calidad de la información financiera proporcionada por las empresas analizadas. La combinación de estos modelos permitió identificar con alto grado de certeza los perfiles de empresas que manipularon la información financiera durante el periodo establecido. Como conclusión, este estudio respalda la confiabilidad de los modelos Beneish M-score, Probi ty Logit como herramientas eficaces para detectar posibles casos de fraude contable.
Barreras comerciales y crecimiento económico: evidencia desde Perú
Authors: Rodríguez Abraham Antonio Rafael , Arias Pereyra Guillermo Paris , Cabanillas Ñaño Sara Isabel , García Juárez Hugo Daniel
Published: June 2024

La actual guerra comercial entre las dos economías más grandes del mundo y los intentos recientes de algunos países de la región Latinoamericana por restringir el comercio mediante la aplicación de aranceles, sugieren que la discusión sobre el impacto de las barreras comerciales en el crecimiento económico sea un tema que requiere de investigación permanente. El objetivo es evaluar los efectos de las barreras arancelarias en el crecimiento económico en Perú, período 1980-2022. Recurriendo al método econométrico se analizó la relación entre el producto bruto interno per cápita (como proxy para el crecimiento económico) y el arancel promedio nominal (como proxy para las barreras comerciales). Para estimar los parámetros se recurrió a la transformación de Box-Cox y luego a la corrección de heterocedasticidad. Conforme los resultados, existe evidencia empírica de una fuerte relación inversa significativa entre el arancel promedio nominal y el crecimiento económico. Asimismo, se logró un mejor ajuste en el modelo cuando se corrigió la heterocedasticidad pasando de un R2 ajustado = 0,889805 a 0,970223 y de un criterio de información de Akaike = 691.3418 a 173.6755. Se concluye que los elevados aranceles promedio nominales pueden afectar el crecimiento económico, haciendo que este sea más lento y que el gobierno, en lugar de recurrir al proteccionismo, debería incentivar la exportación de productos en los que el país tiene ventajas comparativas, así como promover buenas relaciones comerciales con los demás países para aprovechar las innovaciones que estas permiten y utilizarlas para promover el crecimiento económico.
Responsabilidad social empresarial y el marketing sostenible: una ruta hacia el desarrollo sustentable
Authors: Rodríguez Ron Andrés Santiago
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es examinar la relación entre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y el Marketing Sustentable, destacando su relevancia para las empresas modernas, a la vez que se proponen estrategias de marketing sostenible. La investigación utiliza como metodología la revisión sistemática de la literatura que proporciona resultados cualitativos. Se emplearon herramientas con alcance explicativo para el análisis y síntesis de documentos. Los resultados revelaron una conexión sólida entre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial y el Marketing Sustentable, resaltando elementos clave como la motivación de los empleados, la reducción de riesgos y la distinción de la marca. El estudio llega a la conclusión de que la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial se enfoca en prácticas sustentables y que su relación con el desarrollo sostenible enfatiza la generación de valor a largo plazo. La fusión del marketing sostenible con las 4 P del marketing mix se identifica como un diferenciador clave que educa a los consumidores, integra aspectos socioambientales y ayuda al desarrollo sostenible.
“An Essentially Different Scheme of Distribution from that Proposed by Clark.” A Note on Charles William Macfarlane’s Neglected Marginalism
Authors: Becchio Giandomenica , Fiorito Luca
Published: June 2024

Charles William Macfarlane (1852-1931) represents an almost unique and completely forgotten economist during the Progressive Era: although he was outside Academis, he was able to take an active part in the theoretical debate of the time by proposing a peculiar version of marginalism far away from the Austrian school version and close the classical approach. This paper deals with Macfarlane’s theory of value and distribution, by discussing its influence in the discipline, and it presents an archival appendix which reproduces an unpublished response by Clark to Macfarlane which provides further evidence on the reception of Macfarlane’s work among his contemporaries.
Regional economic development in the lens of the dilemma between growth poles approach and the balanced growth theory. An observatory during the Francoist regime
Authors: Varela-Vázquez Pedro , De Francisco Carlos
Published: June 2024

Regional economic development gained increasing relevance in European policy agendas after the Second World War, especially under the implementation of indicative planning. Likewise, a lively debate arose between the growth poles approach and the balanced growth theory. The main aim of this paper is to analyse this dilemma mainly through contributions from the Revista de Economía de Galicia (Galician Economic Review), as a representative observatory of this controversial discussion in the Francoist regime. National and international contributions underlined the positive potential effects of fostering an upgrading process of traditional sectors as a way of enhancing balanced and endogenous growth.
De videojuegos y periodismo
Authors: Flores Meza Bastián
Published: June 2024

Reseña de la obra Paredes-Otero, G. (2023). El periodismo de videojuegos en España. Ecosistema mediático y tendencias de una especialización cultural. Aula Magna.
Reasonable precaution
Authors: Bugyi Zsuzsanna , Bartos Krisztina , Csajbókné Csobod Éva
Published: June 2024

In the past few decades, the prevalence of food allergies reached such a height that it brought about public health measures worldwide. As currently these diseases can often only be treated with a strict lifelong elimination diet, patients must be aware of the presence of allergens in food products. In most countries, food components triggering allergic reactions must be displayed on food packages as long as they are deliberately added to the product as ingredients, and are listed in relevant regulations. However, these regulations do not handle potential allergen presence coming from accidental cross-contamination. As a consequence, application of the so-called voluntary precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) (e.g. „may contain traces of X”, „made in a factory also processing X”, etc.) became common practice. As the use of these labels is hardly ever based on risk assessment, partly because of the lack of regulatory allergen thresholds, it is very hard to decide whether the product actually represents a risk. It causes loss of trust and increased risk-taking behaviour in affected consumers. The latest research in the field aims to introduce risk assessment in the practice of voluntary allergen labelling by determining allergen thresholds. This, in combination with good allergen management practices, would improve the reliability of allergen labelling and with that the safety and quality of life of patients living with food allergies.
Causes of Violent Behavior in Individuals and Others: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Saeed Irum , Batool Ayesha , Javed Hafiza Arooba , Rasheed Wajeeha
Published: June 2024

The qualitative study Exploring Causes of Violent Behaviors in Self vs. Others examine how violent behavior manifests in one's own behavior and in the opinions of persons who have witnessed or experienced violent behavior. The study investigated self-vs.-other violent behavior causes and variables. Participants were selected based on these criteria: 18–25 years old, enrolled in BS, MSc, and M.Phil. programs, and violent behavior screening using a violence & aggression support questionnaire. The interview lasted 30 minutes. This study investigated the reasons for violent conduct in violent people and in those who see or experience violence.  Research expert approved research procedure before data collection, and ethics were followed throughout the investigation. The Islamia University of Bahawalpur performed face-to-face, one-on-one interviews until saturation, and 7 participants were included. Participant confidentiality and informed consent were ensured before research. All ethics were considered during study and reporting.  To eliminate response uncertainty, all interviews were audio recorded, and field notes were taken. After transcription in Nvivo (20), the data were coded, classified, and organized into themes and subthemes. This study's Nvivo 20-extracted findings were 5 major themes and subthemes. Each theme is expanded using responder quotes and literature support. All participants met research sample criteria. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed five main themes with subthemes. Themes include emotional reactivity, destructive behavior, peer influence, physiological causes, and cognitive factors. All these topics reflected participant experiences. Emotionally reactive and physiological elements were blamed for aggressive tendencies, along with peer influence, cognitive factors, and destructive actions. Further studies can examine violent behaviors on a broader sample and test interventions.
Early change in serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein predicts clinical and endoscopic response in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Karashima Ryo , Sagami Shintaro , Yamana Yoko , Maeda Masa , Hojo Aya , Miyatani Yusuke , Nakano Masaru , Matsuda Takahisa , Hibi Toshifumi , Kobayashi Taku
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims: Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG) is a new serum biomarker reflecting the disease activity of ulcerative colitis (UC), but its change during the acute phase has not been enough investigated. Methods: Patients with UC who initiated the induction therapy with steroid or advanced therapy (biologics or Janus kinase inhibitors) were prospectively enrolled. Associations of LRG, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC) at baseline, week 1, and week 8 with clinical remission at week 8 and subsequent endoscopic improvement within 1 year (Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1) were assessed. Results: A total of 143 patients with UC were included. LRG and CRP at week 1 were significantly lower in the clinical remission group than in the non-remission group (LRG, 20.6 μg/mL vs. 28.4 μg/mL, P< 0.001; CRP, 0.9 mg/dL vs. 2.3 mg/dL, P< 0.001) while FC demonstrated the difference between groups only at week 8. The area under the curves of week 1 LRG, CRP, and FC for week 8 clinical remission using the receiver operating characteristic curves analysis were 0.68, 0.71, and 0.57, respectively. Furthermore, LRG and CRP predicted subsequent endoscopic improvement as early as week 1, while FC was predictive only at week 8. Conclusions: LRG can be an early-phase biomarker predicting subsequent clinical and endoscopic response to induction therapy.
How Generative AI Turns Copyright Law Upside Down
Authors: Lemley Mark
Published: June 2024

While courts are litigating many copyright issues involving generative AI, from who owns AI-generated works to the fair use of training to infringement by AI outputs, the most fundamental changes generative AI will bring to copyright law don’t fit in any of those categories. The new model of creativity, generative AI puts considerable strain on copyright’s two most fundamental legal doctrines: the idea-expression dichotomy and the substantial similarity test for infringement. Increasingly, creativity will be lodged in asking the right questions, not in creating the answers. Asking questions may sometimes be creative, but the AI does the bulk of the work that copyright traditionally exists to reward, and that work will not be protected. That inverts what copyright law now prizes. And because asking the questions will be the basis for copyrightability, similarity of expression in the answers will no longer be of much use in proving the copying of the questions. That means we may need to throw out our test for infringement, or at least apply it in fundamentally different ways.
Focusing On Fine-Tuning
Authors: Ohm Paul
Published: June 2024

Those who design and deploy generative AI models, such as Large Language Models like GPT-4 or image diffusion models like Stable Diffusion, can shape model behavior in four distinct stages: pretraining, fine-tuning, in-context learning, and input and output filtering. The four stages differ among many dimensions, including cost, access, and persistence of change. Pretraining is always very expensive and in-context learning is nearly costless. Pretraining and fine-tuning change the model in a more persistent manner, while in-context learning and filters make less durable alterations. These are but two of many such distinctions reviewed in this Essay.
Legal scholars, policymakers, and judges need to understand the differences between the four stages as they try to shape and direct what these models do. Although legal and policy interventions can (and probably will) occur during all four stages, many will best be directed at the fine-tuning stage. Fine-tuning will often represent the best balance between power, precision, and disruption of the approaches.
A Products Liability Framework for AI
Authors: Sharkey Catherine M.
Published: June 2024

A products liability framework, drawing inspiration from the regulation of FDA-approved medical products—which includes federal regulation as well as products liability—holds great promise for tackling many of the challenges AI poses. Notwithstanding the new challenges that sophisticated AI technologies pose, products liability provides a conceptual framework capable of responding to the learning and iterative aspects of these technologies. Moreover, this framework provides a robust model of the feedback loop between tort liability and regulation.The regulation of medical products provides an instructive point of departure. The FDA has recognized the need to revise its traditional paradigm for medical device regulation to fit adaptive AI/ML technologies, which enable continuous improvements and modifications to devices based on information gathered during use. AI/ML technologies should hasten an even more significant regulatory paradigm shift at the FDA away from a model that puts most of its emphasis on (and resources into) ex ante premarket approval to one that highlights ongoing postmarket surveillance. As such a model takes form, products liability should continue to play a significant information-production and deterrence role, especially during the transition period before a new ex post regulatory framework is established.
Do Cases Generate Bad AI Law?
Authors: Solow-Neiderman Alicia
Published: June 2024

There’s an AI governance problem, but it’s not (just) the one you think. The problem is that our judicial system is already regulating the deployment of AI systems—yet we are not coding what is happening in the courts as privately driven AI regulation. That’s a mistake. AI lawsuits here and now are determining who gets to seek redress for AI injuries; when and where emerging claims are resolved; what is understood as a cognizable AI harm (and what is not), and why that is so.
This Essay exposes how our judicial system is regulating AI today and critically assesses the governance stakes. When we do not adequately recognize how the generative AI cases being decided by today’s judges are already operating as a type of AI regulation, we fail to consider which emerging tendencies of adjudication about AI are likely to make good or bad AI law. For instance, litigation may do good agenda-setting and deliberative work as well as surface important information about the operation of private AI systems. But adjudication of AI issues can be bad too, given the risk of overgeneralization from particularized facts; the potential for too much homogeneity in the location of lawsuits and the kinds of litigants; and the existence of fundamental tensions between social concerns and current legal precedents.
If we overlook these dynamics, we risk missing a vital lesson: AI governance requires better accounting for the interactive relationship between regulation of AI through the judicial system and more traditional public regulation of AI. Shifting our perspective creates space to consider new AI governance possibilities. For instance, litigation incentives (such as motivations for bringing a lawsuit or motivations to settle) or the types of remedies available may open up or close down further regulatory development. This shift in perspective also allows us to see how considerations that on their face have nothing to do with AI—such as access to justice measures and the role of judicial minimalism—in fact shape the path of AI regulation through the courts. Today’s AI lawsuits provide an early opportunity to expand AI governance toolkits and to understand AI adjudication and public regulation as complementary regulatory approaches. We should not throw away our shot.
Fairness & Privacy in an Age of Generative AI
Authors: Xiang Alice
Published: June 2024

Generative AI technologies have made tremendous strides recently and have captured the public’s imagination with their ability to mimic what was previously thought to be a fundamentally human capability: creativity. While such technologies hold great promise to augment human creativity and automate tedious processes, they also carry risks that stem from their development process. In particular, the reliance of foundation models on vast amounts of typically uncurated, often web-scraped training data has led to concerns around fairness and privacy. Algorithmic fairness in this context encompasses concerns around potential biases that can be learned by models due to skews in their training data and then reflected in their generated outputs. For example, without intervention, image generation models are more likely to generate images of lighter skin tone male individuals for professional occupations and images of darker skin tone female individuals for working class occupations. This further raises questions around whether there should be legal protections from such pernicious stereotypical representations. Privacy is also a concern as generative AI models can ingest large amounts of personal and biometric information in the training process, including face and body biometrics for image generation and voice biometrics for speech generation. This Essay will discuss the types of fairness and privacy concerns that generative AI raises and the existing landscape of legal protections under anti-discrimination law and privacy law to address these concerns. This Essay argues that the proliferation of generative AI raises challenging and novel questions around (i) what protections should be offered around the training data used to develop such systems and (ii) whether representational harms should be protected against in an age of AI-generated content.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Pada MGMP Madrasah Aliyah Biologi Kecamatan Kuningan
Authors: Nurlaelah Ilah , Handayani Handayani , Lismaya Lilis , Ramdhah Nheva Waafiyah , Nurdayanti Rolanda Rasendriya , Asyifa Asyifa , Andhini Andhini
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat melalui Pelatihan Pendampingan Penyusunan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Pada MGMP Biologi Kecamatan Kuningan Kab Kuningan ini bertujuan untuk melatih dan membekali skills para guru MGMP Biologi dalam penyusnan perangkat pembelajaran sesuai tuntutan kurikulum yang mendukung keterampilan abad 21, Meningkatkan keterampilan, dan Membangun karakter sebagai agen of change di masyarakat/sekolah yang mengembangkan sikap ilmiah. Hasilnya ialah berupa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang dituangkan dalam bentuk modul ajar, LKPD, Bahan ajar dan Instrumen evaluasi. Target kegiatan pengabdian masyaakat pada kegiatan pelatihan penyusunan perangkat ajar ini adalah (1) Membekalkan dan melatih skills para guru MGMP  dalam menyusun perangkat pembelajaran (2) Memberdayakan masyarakat yaitu mitra sekolah agar memiliki jiwa inovatif dan kreatif dalam menyikapi berbagai regulasi dan kebijakan pelaksanaan pembelajaran di era kurikulum merdeka. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat mencakup: (1) Pelatihan Peserta. (2) Praktek dan pendampingan terbimbing peserta. (3) Evaluasi terhadap seluruh kegiatan. Hasil pengambdian ini memberikan dampak positif terhadap pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta guru-guru MGMP Biologi dalam penyusunan perangkat pembelajaran. Hasil evaluasi dari data kuesioner diperoleh bahwa seluruhnya merasakan manfaat terhadap kegiatan pelatihan ini dan telah meningkatkan minat dan menambah pengetahuan baru serta bersedia mengaplikasikannya di dalam tugas keseharian guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran.
Pengabdian Masyarakat Mengembangkan Keberlanjutan dalam Pemeliharaan Situs Web Sistem Administrasi RW013 Cipinang Melayu
Authors: Nurmalasari Nurmalasari , Masturoh Siti , Lusiana Pratiwi Risca , Aziz Faruq
Published: June 2024

Rukun warga merupakan lembaga masyarakat yang dibentuk melalui musyawarah pengurus rukun tetangga dalam rangka memberikan pelayanan untuk masyarakat yang diakui oleh pemerintah daerah. Setelah di rancang bangun sistem administrasi RW013 Cipinang Melayu, pengurus RW013 cipinang melayu masih mengalami kendala dalam pemeliharaan atau maintenance situs web karena keterbatasan informasi dan pengetahuan pengurus. Oleh karena itu kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu berupa pelatihan workshop untuk mengembangkan keberlanjutan dalam pemeliharaan situs web Sistem Administrasi RW013 Cipinang Melayu untuk para pengurus RW yang menjadi admin dalam pengelolaan situs web. Metode pelaksanaan dengan konsolidasi internal, kemudian dilanjutkan koordinasi dengan mitra. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat di hadiri oleh mitra pengurus RW013 cipinang melayu, dosen dan mahasiswa. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan pengurus sebagai admin untuk mengelola sistem informasi berbasis web ini sehingga pelayanan yang diberikan dapat menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Instalasi Irigasi Tetes untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan di Desa Pantai Harapan
Authors: Wildani Rizka
Published: June 2024

Ketahanan pangan merupakan permasalahan yang sangat krusial di Indonesia. Kurangnya pengelolaan pada sektor pertanian menjadi salah satu factor penentu ketahanan pangan. Pengelolaan pada sektor pertanian yang belum maksimal disebabkan oleh banyak hal diantaranya perubahan iklim, perhatian pemerintah serta keterbatasan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani dalam penerapan teknologi. Desa Pantai Harapan memiliki potensi pada sektor pertanian untuk dikembangkan namun potensi penggunaan lahan belum maksimal karena merupakan wilayah pesisir yang yang sering kali mengalami kekeringan dan keterbatasan air untuk kebutuhan pertanian. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pelatihan penerapan teknologi instalasi irigasi tetes untuk mendukung masyarakat dalam budidaya pertanian hemat air dan berkelanjutan. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan yaitu Model Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dan Edukatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu petani dan masyarakat memperoleh pengetahuan baru terkait sistem irigasi berbasis hemat air dan mampu membuat sistem jaringan irigasi secara mandiri. Dengan demikian sedapat mungkin sistem irigasi tetes ini dapat terus dikembangakan sehingga masyarakat desa dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dan meningkatkan perekonomian secara mandiri.
Penghijauan dan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cucian Beras sebagai Pupuk Organik di Desa Trangsan
Authors: Munib Jazuli Abdin , Syaamil Muhammad Syidqi , Amanda Elisabeth Lola Okta , Atsiilah Gendis Fahira , Permana Latukha Duta , Kusumoadi Rizky , Anggasta Salsabella Giovani , Berliana Tennesia Davis , Fauzi Zidan Insa
Published: June 2024

Kegiatan penghijauan merupakan program yang sangat penting dalam menangani isu lingkungan, sehingga telah menjadi inisiatif nasional yang diterapkan di seluruh Indonesia. Untuk mendukung program penghijauan, dilakukan sosialisasi pemanfaatan dengan pemberian bibit tanaman serta pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organik cair yang berasal dari limbah cucian beras. Dalam rangka pengabdian kepada masyarakat, dilakukan sosialisasi manfaat limbah air cucian beras sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) kepada Kelompok Wanita Tani Dukuh Teriklo, Desa Trangsan, Kecamatan Gatak, Kabupaten Sukoharjo pada tanggal 28 Februari 2024. Kegiatan ini meliputi penyampaian teori dan pendampingan dalam pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) menggunakan limbah air cucian beras yang difermentasikan. Hasilnya digunakan sebagai pupuk organik cair di lingkungan Dukuh Teriklo, Desa Trangsan, juga sebagai starter untuk pertumbuhan tanaman yang dikerjakan secara langsung oleh Kelompok Wanita Tani setempat.
Penyuluhan Pengendalian Hama Penyakit Tanaman Kakao Pada Kelompok Tani Desa Totallang Kabupaten Kolaka Utara
Authors: Halim Halim , Resman Resman , Satrah Vit Neru , Takda Amiruddin
Published: June 2024

Desa Totallang terletak di Kecamatan Lasusua Kabupaten Kolaka Utara yang masyarakatnya sebagian besar sebagai petani. Tanaman yang diusahakan oleh masyarakat setempat terdiri dari tanaman semusim, tanaman tahunan serta tanaman perkebunan. Salah satu jenis tanaman perkebunan yang diusahakan oleh masyarakat Desa Totallang adalah tanaman kakao. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh petani kakao adalah serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan serangan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman kakao adalah menerapkan metode pengendalian yang tepat.  Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan dan meningkatkan pemahaman serta pengetahuan petani tentang metode pengendalian hama dan penyakit pada tanaman kakao. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah ceramah guna memaparkan materi kegiatan yang dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab dan diskusi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa petani sangat antusias dalam mengikuti setiap tahapan kegiatan.
The Enigmatic mmšt in the lmlk Stamps
Authors: Vainstub Daniel
Published: June 2024

The late 8th century BCE lmlk stamp seal impressions on jar handles are among the most distinctive epigraphic findings in Judah. Currently, they comprise more than two thousand provenanced items from throughout the Judahite territory. While three of the four words engraved below the word lmlk, “(belonging) to the king,” refer to well-known Judahite cities—Hebron, Ziph, and Socoh—the fourth—mmšt— remains incomprehensible since it was first sighted in 1868. In this study, I argue that mmšt is not the name of a city but the expression “from (the?) maś’ēt”—masoretized מִמַּשְׂאֵת—spelled without the aleph. The maś’ēt was a huge and unique ad hoc collection of agricultural products initiated by King Hezekiah as part of his preparations for the anticipated invasion of the Assyrian army following his rebellion. These products were subsequently distributed in jars, whose handles were stamped with the inscription “(belonging) to the king – from (the?) maś’ēt.”
Move Structure and Lexico-Grammatical Features of Master’s Thesis Abstracts in A State University
Authors: Zuniga-Tonio Jimmylen
Published: June 2024

Writing abstracts requires a more disciplined style of writing, with higher demands on both form and substance. Graduate students are expected to produce scholarly outputs attuned to the rhetorical and linguistic conventions of abstract writing, acceptable to a wider academic community. Thus, this study examined the usage, distribution, and order of moves, along with the identification of selected lexico-grammatical features of 43 masters’ thesis abstracts from nine graduate programs of a state university. Using descriptive research design, following Hyland’s five-move analysis framework, findings revealed that the presentation of the introduction (I), purpose (P), method (M), product (Pr), and conclusion (C) moves in the abstracts varies across programs. However, the I-move was found to be optional, but all four moves (P, M, Pr, C) were found to be conventional, with a semi-linear structure as P-M-Pr-C. Results further revealed that the lexico-grammatical features of thesis abstracts such as modal choice, use of verb tense and voice, and utilization of nominalization were influenced by the nature of the move type and discipline, along with the authors' emphasis and goal in writing. Conversely, the abstract length of these abstracts was more than twice the number of words suggested by different citation systems, implying a lack of brevity. Based on these findings, the University Graduate School is encouraged to suggest specific guidelines in thesis abstract writing. Lastly, genre-based approach via explicit instruction to promote consistency in lexico-grammatical features of abstracts is highly recommended.
Growth After Adversity: The Lived Experiences of Posttraumatic Growth Among Selected Covid-19 Survivors in Bataan, Philippines
Authors: Labios Redge Ainne , Dela Cruz Angela , Villazor Jayvie , Academia Ieleen
Published: June 2024

Dealing with a traumatic event, such as severe COVID-19 symptoms, may deplete one's strength and fill them with fear and hopelessness. Despite such events that may demoralize an individual, the Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) phenomenon allows for the possibility of growth in the face of adversity. The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experiences of Posttraumatic Growth of the COVID-19 survivors and to ascertain what aspects of positive growth they have experienced. The researchers used purposive sampling to obtain the required number of respondents and used the interview protocol to conduct a semi-structured interview to gather the necessary information. Five themes have been identified using Colaizzi's seven steps for descriptive phenomenological data analysis. Specifically; (1) savor, (2) invigorating, (3) benevolent, (4) optimistic, and (5) light, which then abbreviated as SIBOL, a Tagalog word which means sprout; growth; spring that symbolizes the beginning of the growth of COVID-19 survivors. They perceived the Posttraumatic Growth as an opportunity to live their lives differently, this time embracing the new positive changes in their lives. Though there have only been a few studies on Posttraumatic Growth in the Philippines, it has the potential to raise a lot of awareness about the possible benefits of attaining Posttraumatic Growth. This assists in identifying a way to view adversity as a challenge that will aid in the growth process, where our emphasis shifts from learning about negative experiences to facilitating Posttraumatic Growth itself.
Evaluating the efficacy of social capital in facilitating sustainable municipal waste management: Reflections from Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Poshai Leon , Intauno Kudakwashe
Published: June 2024

The volumes of waste in urban areas around the globe continue to increase due to the upsurge in disposals from exponentially growing urban populations. Ideally, the waste must be regularly collected by responsible councils, but in some countries, the collection has been erratic due to operational challenges. Unfortunately, this is the current and perpetually unresolved problem in Zimbabwe. A lack of garbage collection vehicles, as well as a lack of fuel for the available refuse collection trucks, has resulted in sporadic refuse collection in urban areas. The accumulation of uncollected waste in Zimbabwe's urban areas pollutes the environment and exposes the inhabitants to health risks, leaving waste management responsibilities to the community. This research, adopts the mixed-methods approach to evaluate the efficacy of using community social capital in waste management in urban Zimbabwe. Data was collected through a survey, observations and key informant interviews. The study revealed that due to poor refuse collection by the Harare City Council, residents have taken the initiative to use their social capital to manage waste in their communities through mechanisms like clean-up exercises, environmental cleanliness training workshops as well as forming collaborations with community-based organisations. However, these social capital initiatives are backtracked by some errant residents who continue to dump waste in undesignated areas. Measures such as the introduction of waste recycling income generation projects, giving incentives to community clean-up participants and enforcement of penalties for dumping waste in illegal places are recommended to support social capital initiatives in municipal waste management in Harare.
Medication Adherence of School Personnel in Public Secondary Schools of Tigaon District, Philippines
Authors: Bermido Joseph
Published: June 2024

This study used the descriptive-correlational research method to determine the medication adherence of school personnel of select public schools in Tigaon, Camarines Sur. The respondents include 213 school personnel from public secondary schools of Tigaon, Camarines Sur. The data collected were classified and tabulated systematically and statistically treated using various statistical tools. The study concluded that most of the school personnel who participated in this study were 46 years old and above. The majority were female college graduates with a gross income of 22,000 to 44,000 pesos, assigned as classroom teachers, with no known illness or comorbidities, and had outpatient consultation more than 12 months ago; majority of the respondents were adherent to their medications; socio-economic factors, healthcare team and system-related factors, therapy-related factors, and patient-related factors are significant barriers to medication adherence; and there is significant relationship between medication adherence and sex, educational level, gross income per month, illness or comorbidities, and date of last outpatient consultation. Primary actions include strengthening health education that fosters a positive attitude towards medication adherence, additional resources for medicine supplies in schools and training for healthcare workers, improving the implementation of Gulayan sa Paaralan, and exploring options to simplify treatment regimens and affordable medications. With these, the researcher proposed measures and recommendations that school administrators and public school nurses can adopt to improve the health and safety of school personnel.
Towards Teaching Purposive Communication in the World Englishes Context: Perspectives of Philippine ESL Educators
Authors: Pontillas Marlon
Published: June 2024

This mixed-method approach of the study explores the learning outcomes, topics, and assessment methods of Purposive Communication instructional materials in the World Englishes context. Also, it determines the suggestions of Purposive Communication lecturers/instructors in integrating the course into World Englishes. Through Google form, 72 respondents took part in the study. They are all language teachers and are currently handling Purposive Communication in the Philippines' Private/Public Higher Education Institution. The results showed that the respondents are aware of World Englishes concepts and are practicing those concepts in their classroom. However, they have suggestions to publishers/authors of Purposive Communication to integrate other varieties of Englishes in each topic. The researcher suggested that other language courses in the Philippines be evaluated to form a holistic paradigm of World Englishes in the Philippine curriculum.
Examining Principals’ Practices of Participative Management in Primary School Governance: A Case Study of The Tshwane-West District
Authors: Mataboge Saltiel Khololo Collen , Mahlangu Vimbi Petrus
Published: June 2024

This article aimed to investigate how much participatory management techniques aid in enhancing primary school governance. The main question of this article is, “To what degree do principals practice participative management in primary schools’ governance in the Tshwane-West District?’’ In this article, the quantitative methodology was applied. Information on the post-positivistic and interpretivist viewpoints was gathered via a questionnaire. The information in the questionnaire was strengthened by thoughtfully applying the knowledge gleaned from the literature review. A pilot study was conducted to validate the questionnaire. The triangulation of data from sources like literature reviews and questionnaires was the main method of reliability used in this study. All primary school principals (n=98) in the District of Tshwane-West area of the Gauteng Province of the Republic of South Africa made up the research population. The data were defined using the quantitative approach, which comprised explanatory techniques, inferential statistics like factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and descriptive statistics like frequencies and mean scores.
Impact of information and communication technologies on budget transparency of the provincial government in Vietnam
Authors: Hien Phan Thi Thu , Trang Nguyen Ngoc , Tung Nguyen Hoang , Hung Vu Quang , Linh Dang Thuy
Published: June 2024

The concept of fiscal transparency holds significant importance; however, its attainment poses considerable challenges. Current discourse suggests that the concept of transparency lacks sophistication. To tackle this hurdle regarding public expenditure, analytical approaches that pertain to the general concept of transparency can be utilized. The present paper aims to ascertain the determinants of the openness of the provincial budget and its subcategories by human development, technology access, as well as industrialization progress, in addition to other relevant indicators. This study aims to ascertain the fundamental principles that underpin the achievement of efficient transparency in public expenditure. In terms of outcomes, the overall model has limited relations to the hypotheses. For the elemental dependent variables, the impact of various forms of transparency on the attainment of public policy goals varies, but generally have similar results. The study has attempted to conclude the components for an optimal transparent budget system, thus providing a suggestion for effective schemes later on.
An Experimental Study of High-Damping Rubber Bearings (HDRB) and Their Implications for the Seismic Performance of Cable-Stayed Bridges
Authors: Ahmed Ramadan Ahmed
Published: June 2024

This article investigates the efficiency of high damping rubber bearings (HDRB), which are made of special rubber with excellent damping attributes and layers of steel. HDRB isolators have excellent flexibility, vibration reduction ability, and high restoring ability for controlling the seismic response of long-span cable-stayed bridge systems under near-fault ground motions. The seismic isolation of cable-stayed bridges is achieved using high-damping rubber bearings (HDRB). High-damping rubber bearings have excellent seismic effects during earthquakes. The elastic stiffness of the bearing depends on the degree of deformation. When the deformation is small, the stiffness will be large. Therefore, compressive stiffness is one of the key parameters in the design of seismic isolation bearings for cable-stayed bridges. For this reason, predicting the behavior of high-damping rubber bearings under compressive loads is highly important for their design. Therefore, the experimental verification of high-damping rubber bearings (HDRB) for compressive loading was tested according to the standard assumptions in STN EN 1337-3. Firstly, periodic vertical compression tests are performed, and the high damping rubber (HDRB) capabilities and energy dissipation are analysed, taking into account the effect of vertical compression and loading frequency. Secondly, a corrected calculation of the vertical stiffness for high-damping rubber bearings is proposed based on experimental data to provide a more accurate and realistic tool for measuring the vertical mechanical properties of rubber bearings. The test results prove that HDRB has the most advanced performance. For the fatigue property, the hysteresis curves of the HDRB plump both vertically, which provides a good energy dissipation effect.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.431
Smart Network Forensics with Generative Adversarial Networks Leveraging Blockchain for Anomaly Detection and Immutable Audit Trails
Authors: Yan Lei
Published: June 2024

Analyzing the specificity of the cybersecurity domain, the problem of ensuring the security and integrity of smart networks is multifaceted. This research explores the complexity of smart network forensics and seeks to meet theses challenges through different approaches. First, to establish the subject of the investigation, the context is described, which includes factors such as ever-fluctuating network traffic and increasing threat types. Further, a thorough analysis of the literature and research work available in the field of network forensics, anomaly detection methodologies, generative adversarial networks, and blockchain technology bring new perspectives and information to the discussion. From this perspective, the proposed methodology contributes towards devising a novel concept. Drawing on the prospects of using GANs for detecting anomalies, this research investigates how GANs can be employed to add synthetic data to training sets and improve the efficiency of smart networks in detecting anomalies. Similarly, Blockchain becomes a valuable asset in creating unalterable audit trails, and providing accountability and recoverability of any examined evidence. By incorporating these state-of-the-art approaches into the proposed work, this research aims at enhancing the reliability of smart network forensics to advance more effective cybersecurity awareness and threat analysis in complex and ever-evolving networks.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.432
Trauma y silencio: memoria informativa de la toma y retoma del palacio de justicia colombiano (noviembre 6 y 7 de 1985)
Authors: Penagos Carreño Julián Enrique
Published: June 2024

A la luz de informes de los medios de comunicación colombianos, el autor reconstruye los sucesos de la toma y retoma del Palacio de Justicia colombiano, ocurridos entre el 6 y 7 de noviembre de 1985, cuando la guerrilla del M-19 intentó efectuar un juicio al presidente de Colombia de la fecha, Belisario Betancur, por el supuesto incumplimiento del cese al fuego, en el marco de los acuerdos de paz que se llevaban a cabo desde 1984 entre este Gobierno y las guerrillas de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) y el M-19. En este libro, la historia mediada de los hechos ocurridos en aquellas fechas y su posterior desarrollo se convierte en un referente para la construcción la memoria social-colectiva y para despejar las dudas que aún existen sobre este capítulo de la historia de Colombia.