bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring mammalian diversity in a human-modified landscape: insights from a small Cerrado fragment surrounded by silviculture
Authors: Veloso Aline Carneiro , Soares Arthur Celestino , Iannini Custódio Ana Elizabeth , Carvalho-Roel Carine Firmino
Published: November 2024

Natural environments have undergone significant alteration and devastation, often becoming immersed in a matrix of anthropogenic activities. Therefore, it is imperative to ascertain whether mammals inhabit these modified areas. We present the composition of medium and large-sized terrestrial mammal species in a Cerrado area surrounded by a eucalyptus matrix. Our study area comprises a 363 ha Cerrado fragment. Surveys were conducted using 10 camera traps from December 2015 to April 2017, totaling 125 sampling stations and a sampling effort of 3,018 trap-days. We identified 19 mammal species, seven of them regionally threatened (37 %), representing 61 % of the potential species pool in the region. Omnivores and insectivores accounted for most of the recorded species. Notably, records include the Priodontes maximus, Tapirus terrestris, and Ozotoceros bezoarticus, cubs and a predation record. Given that T. terrestris was recorded only in our study and P. maximus in a single other study in the region, our findings suggest that these species can inhabit small vegetation fragments. Additionally, we include O. bezoarticus in the list of mammals inhabiting the region. Our study underscores the capacity of Cerrado fragments surrounded by silviculture to harbor a rich diversity of medium and large-sized mammals, especially considering those threatened with extinction.
Optimization of NC-LSPR coupled MoS2 phototransistors for high-performance broad-spectrum detection
Authors: Jiang Weichao , Deng Yuheng , Su Rui , Xu Jingping , Liu Lu
Published: November 2024

In this work, negative-capacitance (NC) and local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) coupled MoS2 phototransistors with a gate stack of HZO/AuNPs/Al2O3/MoS2 are fabricated, and the impacts of Al2O3 interlayer-thickness (T
AlO) on the LSPR effect, the tensile strain on MoS2 from the Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), the capacitance matching of the NC effect from Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) ferroelectric layer and the optoelectrical properties of the relevant devices are investigated. Through optimizing T
AlO, excellent optoelectrical properties of phototransistors with a T
AlO of 3 nm are achieved: a subthreshold swing (SS) of 25.76 mV/dec and ultrahigh detectivity of over 1014 Jones under 740 nm illumination. This is primarily because the NC-LSPR coupled structure can achieve an ultra-low SS through capacitance matching and a good interface passivation through optimizing Al2O3 interlayer to maintain effective LSPR and strain effects cross the MoS2 to enhance optical absorption and detection range. This work provides a comprehensive analysis on effective distance range of the non-direct-contacted LSPR effect and its combination with capacitance matching of NC effect, culminating in an optimized NC-LSPR coupled MoS2 phototransistor with a good consistency across an array of 30 devices, and offering a viable solution for the preparation of large-area, high-performance and broad-spectrum response 2D phototransistor array.
Plasmon-driven molecular scission
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: November 2024

Plasmon-driven photocatalysis offers a unique means of leveraging nanoscale light–matter interactions to convert photon energy into chemical energy in a chemoselective and regioselective manner under mild reaction conditions. Plasmon-driven bond cleavage in molecular adsorbates represents a critical step in virtually all plasmon-mediated photocatalytic reactions and has been identified as the rate-determining step in many cases. This review article summarizes critical insights concerning plasmon-triggered bond-cleaving mechanisms gained through combined experimental and computational efforts over the past decade or so, elaborating on how the plasmon-derived physiochemical effects, metal–adsorbate interactions, and local chemical environments profoundly influence chemoselective bond-cleaving processes in a diverse set of molecular adsorbates ranging from small diatomic molecules to aliphatic and aromatic organic compounds. As demonstrated by several noteworthy examples, insights gained from fundamental mechanistic studies lay a critical knowledge foundation guiding rational design of nanoparticle–adsorbate systems with desired plasmonic molecule-scissoring functions for targeted applications, such as controlled release of molecular cargos, surface coating of solid-state materials, and selective bond activation for polymerization reactions.
An overview on plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence via metallic nanoantennas
Authors: Montaño-Priede José Luis , Zapata-Herrera Mario , Esteban Ruben , Zabala Nerea , Aizpurua Javier
Published: November 2024

In the realm of nanotechnology, the integration of quantum emitters with plasmonic nanostructures has emerged as an innovative pathway for applications in quantum technologies, sensing, and imaging. This research paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the photoluminescence enhancement induced by the interaction between quantum emitters and tailored nanostructure configurations. Four canonical nanoantennas (spheres, rods, disks, and crescents) are systematically investigated theoretically in three distinct configurations (single, gap, and nanoparticle-on-mirror nanoantennas), as a representative selection of the most fundamental and commonly studied structures and arrangements. A detailed analysis reveals that the rod gap nanoantenna configuration achieves the largest photoluminescence enhancement factor, of up to three orders of magnitude. The study presented here provides insights for the strategic design of plasmonic nanoantennas in the visible and near-IR spectral range, offering a roadmap for these structures to meet specific requirements in plasmon-enhanced fluorescence. Key properties such as the excitation rate, the quantum yield, the enhanced emitted power, or the directionality of the emission are thoroughly reviewed. The results of this overview contribute not only to the fundamental understanding of plasmon-enhanced emission of quantum emitters but also set the basis for the development of advanced nanophotonic devices with enhanced functionalities.
Enhanced zero-phonon line emission from an ensemble of W centers in circular and bowtie Bragg grating cavities
Authors: Kizhake Veetil Vijin , Song Junyeob , Namboodiri Pradeep N. , Ebadollahi Nikki , Chanana Ashish , Katzenmeyer Aaron M. , Pederson Christian , Pomeroy Joshua M. , Chiles Jeffrey , Shainline Jeffrey , Srinivasan Kartik , Davanco Marcelo , Pelton Matthew
Published: November 2024

Color centers in silicon have recently gained considerable attention as single-photon sources and as spin qubit-photon interfaces. However, one of the major bottlenecks to the application of silicon color centers is their low overall brightness due to a relatively slow emission rate and poor light extraction from silicon. Here, we increase the photon collection efficiency from an ensemble of a particular kind of color center, known as W centers, by embedding them in circular Bragg grating cavities resonant with their zero-phonon-line emission. We observe a ≈5-fold enhancement in the photon collection efficiency (the fraction of photons extracted from the sample and coupled into a single-mode fiber), corresponding to an estimated ≈11-fold enhancement in the photon extraction efficiency (the fraction of photons collected by the first lens above the sample). For these cavities, we observe lifetime reduction by a factor of

≈
1.3

${\approx} 1.3$

. For W centers in resonant bowtie-shaped cavities, we observed a ≈3-fold enhancement in the photon collection efficiency, corresponding to a ≈6-fold enhancement in the photon extraction efficiency, and observed a lifetime reduction factor of

≈
1.1

${\approx} 1.1$

. The bowtie cavities thus preserve photon collection efficiency and Purcell enhancement comparable to circular cavities while providing the potential for utilizing in-plane excitation methods to develop a compact on-chip light source.
Crystal structure of CaPtZn
Authors: Baldauf Jasper Arne , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: November 2024

CaPtZn, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 7.1072(3) Å, b = 4.3428(2) Å, c = 7.7123(3) Å, V = 238.04(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0195, w
R

ref
(F
2) = 0.0476, T = 293 K.
Solution of third-order nonlinear integro-differential equations with parallel computing for intelligent IoT and wireless networks using the Haar wavelet method
Authors: Amin Rohul , Awais Muhammad , Shah Kamal , Nazir Shah , Abdeljawad Thabet
Published: November 2024

We investigate a class of third-order nonlinear integro-differential equations (IDEs) with parallel computing of intelligent Internet of Things and wireless networks for numerical solutions. A numerical scheme based on the Haar wavelet has been established to compute the approximate solution for the problem under our consideration. By utilizing the mentioned tool, we discretize the involved derivatives and integrals. In this way, a sophisticated scheme is derived. Formulations for maximum root mean square and absolute errors have been given. Also, the convergent method has been discussed. In engineering, such as structural dynamics and control systems, third-order IDEs can improve modelling precision and solution effectiveness. Various examples have been testified by the aforementioned method. Additionally, by using different Gauss and collocation points (CPs), the aforementioned error terms were recorded. The convergence rate using distinct numbers of CPs has also been calculated, which is nearly equal to 2.
Advancements in imaging of intracranial atherosclerotic disease: beyond the arterial lumen to the vessel wall
Authors: Hu Tianhao , Ling Runjianya , Zhu Yueqi
Published: November 2024

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) significantly increases the risk of ischemic stroke. It involves the accumulation of plaque within arterial walls and narrowing or blockage of blood vessel lumens. Accurate imaging is crucial for the diagnosis and management of ICAD at both acute and chronic stages. However, imaging the small, tortuous intracranial arterial walls amidst complex structures is challenging. Clinicians have employed diverse approaches to improve imaging quality, with a particular emphasis on optimizing the acquisition of images using new techniques, enhancing spatial and temporal resolution of images, and refining post-processing techniques. ICAD imaging has evolved from depicting lumen stenosis to assessing blood flow reserve and identifying plaque components. Advanced techniques such as fractional flow reserve (FFR), high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance (VW-MR), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and radial wall strain (RWS) now allow direct visualization of flow impairment, vulnerable plaques, and blood flow strain to plaque, aiding in the selection of high-risk stroke patients for intervention. This article reviews the progression of imaging modalities from lumen stenosis to vessel wall pathology and compares their diagnostic value for risk stratification in ICAD patients.
Optimizing Deep Learning Models with Custom ReLU for Breast Cancer Histopathology Image Classification
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Adi , Supriyanto Catur , Pujiono Pujiono , Shidik Guruh Fajar
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The prompt identification of breast cancer is crucial in preventing the considerable damage inflicted by this dangerous form of cancer, which is widely happened across the globe. This study seeks to refine the efficacy of a deep learning-driven approach for the precise diagnosis of breast cancer by employing diverse bespoke Rectified Linear Units (ReLU) to improve the model's performance and reduce inaccuracies within the system.
Method: This study focuses on analyzing a deep learning approach utilizing the BreakHis dataset with 7,909 images, incorporating changes to the ReLU activation function across different pre-trained CNN models. It then evaluates performance through measurement such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score.
Result: Based on our experiment results, it can be shown that the DenseNet201 models with a custom LeakyReLU excel beyond the typical ReLU, achieving the highest accuracy, recall, and F1-Score at 99.21%, 99.21%, and 99.11%, respectively. Simultaneously, ResNet152, utilizing LessNegativeReLU (α=0.05), achieved the highest precision at 99.11%. The VGG11 model exhibited the most notable performance enhancement, with improvements ranging from 1.39% to 1.59%.
Novelty: The research is original in optimizing a model for accurate breast cancer diagnosis. The proposed model is superior to the model utilizing the default activation function. This finding indicates that the study significantly enhances performance while effectively minimizing errors, thereby necessitating further exploration into the effectiveness of the customized activation function when applied to other medical imaging modalities.
Hyperthyroidism induced by paraneoplastic human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production from testicular tumours: a retrospective clinical and histopathological study
Authors: Rohayem Julia , Idkowiak Jan , Huss Sebastian , Balke Thomas , Schürmann Hendrik , Heitkötter Birthe , Wistuba Joachim , Huebner Angela
Published: November 2024

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has structural similarities with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and may stimulate TSH receptors at higher concentrations. During pregnancy, placental hCG causes TSH suppression, contributing to hyperemesis. However, in males, clinical manifestations caused by excess hCG are rare. Herein, we describe complications of life-threatening thyroid storm caused by paraneoplastic hCG secretion from testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs) and aim to identify high-risk groups through retrospective analysis in n = 20 males (aged 17–55 years) with testicular hCG-positive GCTs. Seven hCG-positive testicular GCTs were classified as seminoma, and 13 were classified as non-seminomatous GCTs (NSGCTs). In 3/7 males with seminomas (43%), serum β-hCG concentrations were mildly elevated (median: 0.3 U/L; range: 0.3–82.1 U/L). In contrast, β-hCG was increased in 12/13 (92%) males with a NSGCT (median: 71.1 U/L; range: 0.3–1,600,000 U/L). In 10/13 males with NSGCT (77%), we detected components of embryonal cell carcinoma (EC), and in 7/13 (54%), we detected components of a choriocarcinoma (ChC). TSH was suppressed with high free thyroxine levels in two cases with NSGCT and excessively elevated β-hCG concentrations, but there was no TSH suppression in a further case with high β-hCG. One patient with NSGCT and high β-hCG levels presented with thyroid storm and imminent decompensation refractory to anti-thyroid treatment, requiring a total thyroidectomy. In the second patient, anti-thyroid treatment was initiated shortly after the diagnosis, successfully normalizing hyperthyroxinaemia. In conclusion, paraneoplastic β-hCG production, occurring in NSGCTs with components of ECs or ChCs, is a rare cause of thyrotoxicosis. Early recognition and treatment are critical to prevent a life-threatening thyroid storm.
Investigating the depolymerization behavior of structurally modified kraft lignin in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Li Wenguang , Wu Shubin
Published: November 2024

Deep eutectic-like solvents (DESs) are ideal green solvents for achieving depolymerization of kraft lignin under mild conditions. In this study, the impact of changes in chemical structures in hardwood kraft lignin (HKL), softwood kraft lignin (SKL), hydroxypropyl-modified hardwood kraft lignin (PHKL), and acetylated hardwood kraft lignin (AHKL) on depolymerization was investigated. The results indicated that structural modification can effectively adjust the depolymerization reaction of lignin. Under the depolymerization conditions (150 °C, 3 h, CHCl:p-TSOH), the depolymerization extent of HKL was 44.8%, which was 9.4% higher than that of SKL (35.4%). It was found that after hydroxypropyl modification of phenolic hydroxyl in HKL, the depolymerization extent of PHKL decreased to 29.5%, confirming that phenolic hydroxyl was the key functional group promoting lignin depolymerization. Acetylation modification of HKL can effectively increase the lignin depolymerization extent from 44.8% to 54.2%. The experimental results of lignin model compound addition confirmed that acetylation modification can effectively inhibit condensation reactions. The GPC analysis showed that the average molecular weight (Mw) of depolymerized oil was less than 800 g/mol and had a narrow polydispersity index (Mw/Mn < 1.2), making it an important precursor for high-value applications such as the preparation of aviation fuel.
Professional advancement needs of electro medicine specialists for the digitization of x-ray equipment for the Cuban healthcare system
Authors: Alberto Chaviano Rodríguez Engineer Luis , Iglesias León Dr. C. Miriam , E. Cortés Cortés Dr. C. Manuel
Published: November 2024

It´s of vital importance to professionalize human resources in the healthcare sector with updated knowledge and skills through professional development. This equips them with new scientific content that contributes to their preparation and enables them to apply theoretical and practical knowledge in their work environment. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the theoretical knowledge of electro medicine professionals regarding in the digitization of X-ray equipment in three regions of the country to enhance their performance. The objective of this article is to diagnose the professional development needs of electro medicine specialists for the digitization of X-ray equipment. The research methods used include both qualitative and quantitative approaches, within statistical analysis of the data collected in you find. A selection of electro medicine specialists is made from the three regions of the country that meet the inclusion criteria, descriptive statistics are applied to the data collected and it is diagnosed that the specialists declare the need for more specific courses on digitalization, continuous updating and access to modern equipment for practical training. The experience was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos. Dr. "Raúl Dorticós Torrado". CUBA
Enrich the Learning Environment Before any Dyslexic Child Leave School
Authors:   Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh., Basu Subhash Chandra , . Poonam ,   Maharaja Surajmal Institute, Department of Education, GGSIPU-Delhi, Beniwal Anita ,   Central Institute of Education, Department of Education, North Campus Delhi University
Published: November 2024

Background: The role of the teacher is of immense importance in early years schooling of any children. Dyslexia is one of the most common learning disability which causes difficulty in reading and distracts the progress of the children in various aspects including their academic achievements, and later on, introduces various other complications. To overcome these cumbersome problems teachers need to behave more responsible and prudent when the learners are children with dyslexia. Aims: The present study has explored the views and experiences of special educators towards academic performance and classroom difficulties faced by dyslexic children during the teaching-learning process, and also made an effort to know the need and nature of help provided to facilitate learning. Methods: The study was conducted with purposively selected special educators of selected schools situated in the Delhi region and, serving the children with special educational needs. The measure for the above domain was developed in the form of a questionnaire, to suit the background and the aim of the study, and administered to the selected special educators. In furtherance of the answered questionnaire, the experiences, and perceptions regarding schooling, learning, needs, and nature of dyslexic children were discussed in details, with the respective respondent. Results: The findings position special educators as strategic agents, who actively negotiate a range of obstacles, resolve and handle the problems of children with dyslexia to ensure their learning and continuity in school. They are having a system designed to support them, help each one at some point in their education. Conclusion: Particularly, the perceptions and perspectives of special educators forge a large difference in the learning and academic achievement of dyslexic children. There is potential waiting to be unlocked in dyslexic children, and teaching them, if done well, is the most fulfilling of tasks.
Screening for the octacosanol/triacontanol ratio in rice bran policosanol and its potential effect on testosterone secretion
Authors: Yang Y. , Zhang L. , Yang P. , Fu J. , Jiang X. , Yan R. , Li J.
Published: November 2024

The rice bran waxes have a very interesting alcoholic moiety, a mixture of long-chain aliphatic fatty alcohols, collectively known as policosanol. This study aimed to investigate rice bran policosanol extract's effect on testosterone secretion in vitro and in vivo and explore the primary composition ratio. The proliferation of cells and the levels of testosterone in cultured rat Leydig cells were examined, while male sexual behaviour and serum testosterone levels were detected in hydrocortisone-induced mice. It was found that testosterone secretion in primary Leydig cells could be significantly stimulated by a policosanol extract featuring an octacosanol/triacontanol ratio of 3–5/1, with a ratio of 5/1 being the most optimal. A policosanol extract containing 68.72% octacosanol and 13.65% triacontanol was capable of reversing hydrocortisone-induced Kidney-Yang Deficiency syndrome by enhancing sexual behaviour and the weight of reproductive organs, as well as increasing testosterone levels. Consequently, the rice bran policosanol extract with an octacosanol/triacontanol ratio of 3–5/1 could stimulate the secretion of testosterone.
Semantics of incomplete action in Russian, Ukrainian, and English
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Aleshina Olesya S. , Mishina Veronika S. ,   Tomsk State University, Fil Yulia V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: November 2024

Semantic categories can be studied effectively using a comparative approach, since it allows to determine the general and specific features of the object under study against the background of the languages under consideration, but also to see the peculiarities of native speakers’ perception of the surrounding world. This is also relevant for the category of aspectuality. The discoveries of Slavic aspectology of the 20th century were actively used to study aspectual semantics in other Indo-European languages, including Germanic ones, in which the category of aspectuality has a different character and structure. Some questions in this field still remain controversial, with certain aspectual meanings requiring further study. This research focuses on the semantics of incomplete action in verbs and verb combinations of the attenuative mode of action in the Russian, Ukrainian, and English languages. The type of aspectual meaning under consideration is related to the idea of a partially complete action, action lasting for a short period of time, or insufficient to obtain a full result. Prefixal verbs with diminutive and related meanings are numerous in Slavic languages, which is explained by a developed verbal prefixation in general and special features of speakers of Slavic languages. A comparison of “attenuative” verbs and verbal units in Russian, Ukrainian, and English makes it possible to identify the main meanings of incomplete action in these languages and assess the productivity of their formation patterns in the compared languages. The study has demonstrated the variety of means to express the incompleteness of an action (prefixes, suffixes, adverbial combinations, etc.) in the compared languages, as well as the synthetic way of expressing the specified semantics in Russian and Ukrainian and the analytical way in English. This is explained both by the predominantly analytical structure of English as a whole, and by the likely lesser significance of attenuative meanings for English speakers when actualizing the inner parameters of the action. The analysis has demonstrated the following meanings of the studied units in the languages under consideration: 1) incompleteness of an action and its lesser result; 2) limited action in terms of its duration; 3) simultaneous incompleteness of an action and its complementarity, an addition of something to it; 4) lesser degree of an action, its sporadic character. Individual aspects of the meanings of incompleteness in compared languages do not coincide and and are in the relations of intersection.
The szlachta of the south of Halych land in the 15th century
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Pashin Sergey S.
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on the szlachta (nobility) of the south of Halych land in the 15th century (Eastern Galicia, now the southern districts of the Ivano-Frankivsk region of Ukraine). This border territory in the 15th century was known as Pokuttia. The author has studied the origin, family ties and financial situation of the gentry families who owned villages in Pokuttia. Prince Vladislaus of Opole in the 1370s and especially King Władysław Jogaila in the late 15th – early 16th centuries distributed land grants to strengthen two lines of defense on the border with Moldova – on the left banks of the Upper Prut and its tributary Cheremosh, as well as to increase the gentry population of Pokuttia. The villages were usually given to noblemen of Rusinian origin. Due to grants from the Polish authorities, some noblemen became magnates, but most of them owned one or two small villages. These noblemen died during the Polish-Moldovian war of 1431–1433. Jogaila’s sons handed over the ownerless villages to the Galician magnates and, to a lesser extent, to the natives of Poland who had not taken root in Red Rus. As a result, since the 1440s, the majority of the szlachta in Pokuttia were represented by the vassals of the Buczacki and Prokops. During military conflicts, these nobles joined the detachments of their patrons, so the territory of Pokuttia became defenseless against external threats.
The struggle for Red Galicia in Soviet Omsk (1920)
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Sushko Alexey V. , Petin Dmitriy I. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes an issue that has not been studied in historiography – the actions of the authorities in the capital of Soviet Siberia – Omsk – related to the policy of the Bolshevik government towards the natives of Galicia during the Galician Socialist Soviet Republic in July – September 1920. One of the key plots of the research is the creation of a national formation of the Red Army – a regiment of Red Galicians from those who ended up in Siberia in the status of prisoners of war and refugees of WWI. The study is based on a complex of sources, including official publications in the newspaper Sovetskaya Sibir’ on the socio-political and military mobilization work among Galicians as well as unpublished materials of the departmental paperwork of the political and educational department of the West Siberian Military District and the Omsk Provincial Military Commissariat, found in the funds of the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region. The principle of systematicity, problem-chronological, historical-comparative, and historical-genetic methods constituted the methodological framework of the study. This theoretical combination allowed a detailed analysis of the practice of Bolshevik national policy, propaganda and military mobilization work in Siberia, linking its actions and results with the specific historical situation of the era of social cataclysms. The authors conclude that the military failures of the Red Army in the western borderlands of the RSFSR led to the curtailment of the successful Galician project of the Bolsheviks in relation to the Rusins and their further vision through the prism of the Ukrainian issue. The publication may be of interest to researchers of the history of Galicians, military and social history, as well as the national politics of the RSFSR.
The origin of one East Slavic edition of the text of the Book of Acts of the Apostles (linguistic redundancy reviewed)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Pekunova Irina S.
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on a curious case of mutual influence of closely related Slavic idioms functioning as liturgical and, more widely, bookish languages in the late Middle Ages, namely on the specificity of the Russian Church Slavonic translation of a verse from the Acts of the Apostles (9: 34). An attempt to study the history of Church Slavonic editions of the text under discussion shows that three main editions are represented in the Slavonic tradition. The origin of two of them is generally quite transparent: one is a direct translation of the Byzantine Greek text; the other is a kind of alignment of the text with the semantically similar episode of the healing of the paralytic, presented with some variations in all four Gospels. However, no textual reasons for the emergence of the third – Eastern Church Slavonic and the Russian Synodal edition that succeeds it – can be found. The key to the origin of this East Slavonic version is purely linguistic – and even less so, accentological – circumstances connected with the fluctuation of the stress of the imperative mood verb forms in the South Slavic area in the absence of such fluctuations in the East Slavic dialects, on the one hand, and the different accentuation of two similar lexemes – a verb and a noun – represented in alternative editions of the Book of Acts fragment under discussion, on the other. Several book monuments show how East Slavic scribes, who confused the verb form, which had an unusual South Slavic accent, with the normally accented noun form, made the appropriate corrections to the text, resulting in a completely new textual version of the fragment. Finally, a number of remarks are made about translation techniques and the problems of textual redundancy. The main assertion here is that the translation collision discussed in the main part of the article might not have occurred if the original Slavic translation had reflected some of the linguistic redundancy present in the Greek original. However, the Slavic translators apparently preferred the laconism of the text.
The linguistic aspects of Andrei Kurbsky’s debate with Ivan IV
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Bekasova Elena N.
Published: November 2024

The Correspondence between Prince Andrei Kurbsky and Tsar Ivan IV is an Old Russian writing, highly demaneded by philologists and historians and especially significant for linguists, since the opponents expressed an urgent need to not only enter into a dialogue, but also to outline their intentions and verbally interact with their potentially significant audience in the course of debate. Kurbsky’s “self-justifying” first message, literally reflected in Ivan IV’s consistent factual and linguistic analysis, is supplemented and detailed in the tsar’s second letter, which is structured according to the laws of a trial – a detailed refutation of accusations. Accordingly, metalinguistic reflection concentrates around key entities that determine the semantic space of the messages, primarily power and “legality of kingdoms” and their destruction, which requires referencing authoritative sources. Ivan IV carefully analyzes and scrupulously refutes Kurbsky’s antithesis of the “opposing” tsar and “kind” subjects, which determines the use of keywords, their various repetitions, and playing with word-formation and semantic elements of word structures. The philological accusations in Kurbsky’s second and especially third “epistles”, which play an important role in building his own reputation in the European community, remain unattended by Ivan IV, because they are not part of the polemical tasks of substantiating autocracy. As a result, both Kurbsky and Ivan IV use the correspondence for their own purposes, starting from the linguistic messages that are important to them, and developing them in line with intentions of a purely personal or autocratic nature, which collided on the field of power.
High-temperature gallium sesquisulfides and a fragment of the T-x diagram of the Ga – S system with these phases
Authors: Brezhnev Nikolay Y. , Dorokhin Michael V. , Zavrazhnov Alexander Y. , Kolyshkin Nikolay A. , Nekrylov Ivan N. , Trushin Vladimir N.
Published: November 2024

It is known that phases with disordered stoichiometric vacancies are promising candidates for new materials with outstanding thermoelectric, radiation-resistant, catalytic, and other properties, which can be explained by a large concentration of the so-called stoichiometric vacancies, caused by the fact that their stoichiometry does not correspond to the structural type. It is interesting to search for such compounds in AIII – BVI semiconductor systems, whose sesquichalcogenides (Me2Ch3, Me = Ga, In; Ch = S, Se, Te) are known to have both sphalerite and wurtzite structures and the share of stoichiometric vacancies in the cationic sublattice of about 1/3. The purpose of our study was to determine or confirm the high-temperature structures of gallium sesquisulfides and determine the stability regions corresponding to the phases with these structureson refined T-x diagrams in the high temperature region (T = 878 oC).
Various methods of structure and thermal analysis allowed us to prove that at temperatures above 878 °С, close to the stoichiometry of Ga2S3, gallium sesquisulfide has four modifications similar in terms of structure, which are connected with  each other and other phases of the Ga – S system by enantiotropic transitions. The study confirmed that g-Ga2+dS3 with a sphalerite-like cubic structure is formed over a narrow temperature range (878 – 922 °С). The composition of the phase was specified (59.3 mol %). The study demonstrated that at temperatures above 912 °С and a slight excess of gallium (up to ~1 mol %) as compared to the stoichiometry of Ga2S3 two modifications are formed: a defected wurtzite-like structure(b-Ga2S3, P63mc) and its derivative phase, who structure has a lower symmetry (a-Ga2S3, P61) and reaches the stage of congruent melting (1109 ± 2 °С). The study also accounts for the existence of a distectoid transformation a-Ga2S3 ↔ b-Ga2S3 (~1040 °C). The fourth modification with a monoclinic structure (a¢-Ga2S3, Сс) is stable over a temperature range from room temperature to ~1006 °С. Its composition satisfies the formula of Ga2S3. The article presents a corresponding T-x diagram of the Ga – S system with the areas of existence of the said phases
The influence of benzoic acid moisture on the proton exchange process in lithium niobate crystals
Authors: Petukhov Igor V. , Kichigin Vladimir I. , Kornilitsyn Andrey R. , Yakimov Aleksandr S.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was the investigation of the influence of water impurities in benzoic acid, used as a source of protons during proton exchange on lithium niobate crystals, on the process of formation of proton exchange waveguides, their structure and phase composition.
To carry out the research, prism coupling method, X-ray diffraction analysis, IR absorption spectroscopy, and optical microscopy in polarized light were used. It was established that an increase in the moisture content in benzoic acid affected the optical characteristics of the waveguides and slightly increased the stress (strain) of the proton exchange layers. Subsequent annealing significantly equalized the characteristics of the waveguides.
When performing proton exchange, the moisture content of benzoic acid must be taken into account to obtain reproducible and stable performance of integrated optical devices with proton exchange waveguides
Anodic dissolution and passivation of manganese monosilicide in fluoride-containing sulfuric acid solutions
Authors: Polkovnikov Igor S. , Panteleeva Viktoria V. , Shein Anatoliy B.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anode resistance of manganese monosilicide MnSi in fluoride-containing sulfuric acid solutions and the concentration effect of sodium fluoride on the anodic dissolution and passivation of the silicide.
The study was carried out on a single-crystal MnSi sample in 0.5 M H2SO4 + (0.0025−0.05) M NaF solutions. The study presents micrographs and elemental composition of the electrode surface after anodic polarization from E corrosion to E = 3.2 V in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.5 M H2SO4 + 0.05 M NaF solutions. A stronger etching of the electrode surface was observed in the presence of fluoride ions; elemental analysis showed an increase in the oxygen content in certain areas of the silicide surface associated with the formation of manganese and silicon oxides and their partial removal at high polarization values.
The kinetic regularities of the MnSi-electrode anodic dissolution were studied by the methods of polarization, capacitance, and impedance measurements. It was established that the addition of fluoride ions leads to weaker barrier properties of the silicon dioxide surface film, which determines the high silicide resistance in a fluoride-free medium. The order of the reaction was calculated for the MnSi anodic dissolution for NaF depending on the potential. In the region of low anodic potentials (from Ecor to E ≈ –0.2 V), the reaction order ranged from 1.8 to 1.1, which was due to the high influence of silicon in the composition of the silicide and its oxidation products. With an increase in the polarization value (up to E = 0.9 V), the reaction order decreased to 0.5. An increase in the contribution of manganese ionization and oxidation reactions to the kinetics of the anodic dissolution of the silicide was observed. The silicide passivation in a fluoride-containing electrolytewas characterized by higher values of the dissolution current density (10–4−10–3 A/cm2) as compared to a fluoride-free electrolyte (10–6 A/cm2), the reaction order in region of the passive state was ~1.0. Passivation was due to the formation of MnO2 and SiO2 oxides on the surface. In the transpassivation region (E ≥ 2.0 V), there was a weak dependence of the current density on the concentration of fluoride ions. Oxygen release was observed on the surface of the electrode, and the formation of MnO4 – ions was recorded in the near-electrode layer. The article discusses mechanisms and kinetic regularities of anodic processes on an MnSi-electrode in sulfuric acid solution in the presence of fluoride ions
Formation of silver nanocrystals in Ag-Si composite films obtained by ion beam sputtering
Authors: Barkov Konstantin A. , Terekhov Vladimir A. , Nesterov Dmitry N. , Velichko Kirill E. , Ivkov Sergey A. , Buylov Nikita S. , Kannykin Sergey V. , Zanin Igor E. , Agapov Boris L. , Rodivilov Sergey V. , Kersnovsky Evgenii S. , Polshin Ivan V. , Ryabtsev Stanislav V. , Grechkina Margarita V. , Sitnikov Aleksandr V.
Published: November 2024

Nanostructured composite films based on Ag-Si containing silver nanoparticles are used as a material for SERS (Surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy) substrates, plasmonic back reflector, nanoplasmonic sensors, nonlinear optics devices, memristor structures, etc. Due to the widespread use of nanocomposite films based on Ag-Si, there is a need to develop simple and affordable methods for their production compatible with semiconductor technology. Therefore, this work is devoted to the production of an Ag80Si20 nanocomposite film with a high silver content (80 at.%) by ion-beam sputtering with simultaneous control of the morphology, structure, phase composition and electrical properties of the manufactured sample. As a result of complex studies using X-ray diffraction, ultra-soft X-ray emission spectroscopy, SEM and AFMmicroscopy, it was found that the film is a nanocomposite material based on silver nanoparticles with an average size of ~15÷30 nm. At the same time, some silver nanoparticles are in direct contact, while some Ag nanoparticles are isolated from each other by a shell of silicon dioxide SiO2 and amorphous silicon a-Si. Such a nanogranulated structure of the Ag80Si20 film causes the presence in the test sample of the effect of switching from a high-resistance state (880 Ohm) to a lowresistance state (~1 Ohm) under the action of a voltage of ~ 0.2 V. As a result of the formation of conductive filaments (CF) of Ag atoms in the dielectric layer between the silver granules
Formation of hybrid nanostructures based on Zn0.5Cd0.5S quantum dots and silver nanoparticles for nonlinear optical applications in the near ultraviolet
Authors: Zvyagin Andrey I. , Chevychelova Tamara A. , Smirnov Mikhail S. , Ovchinnikov Oleg V. , Latyshev Anatoly N.
Published: November 2024

The goal of this study was to establish optimal conditions for the formation of hybrid nanostructures based on quantum dots and metal nanoparticles with a nonlinear optical response in the near ultraviolet. The relevance of this study is confirmed by the need to create passive devices for controlling the parameters of laser radiation in the presence of semiconductor colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs). Manifestations of interaction in the nonlinear optical response of Zn0.5Cd0.5S QDs and spherical Ag NPs (10 nm) in the field of laser pulses of 10 ns duration at a probing radiation wavelength of 355 nm have been established using the Z-scan method. Manifestations  of the formation of hybrid nanostructures have been established using transmission electron microscopy and optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopy. The interaction of colloidal QDs and NPs was manifested as the recombination luminescencequenching of the former with a peak at a wavelength of 450-480 nm. For ensembles of colloidal Zn0.5Cd0.5S QDs with an average size (2.0, 2.2, 2.4 nm), nonlinear refraction (defocusing) of 10 ns laser pulses in the near ultraviolet (355 nm) was established, the coefficient of which increased with increase in QDs. It has been established that during the interaction of Zn0.5Cd0.5S QDs with Ag NPs, the suppression of nonlinear refraction was observed against the background of a twelvefold increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient. It was concluded that the most probable reason for the observed changes in the nonlinear optical response is the polarizing effect of plasmonic Ag NPs
Structural and spectroscopic studies of epitaxially overgrown GaN, n-GaN, and n+-GaN contact layers
Authors: Seredin Pavel V. , Goloshchapov Dmitry L. , Kostomakha Danila E. , Peshkov Yaroslav A. , Buylov Nikita S. , Gaivoronskaya Alisa A. , Mizerov Andrey M. , Timoshnev Sergey N. , Sobolev Maksim S. , Ubyivovk Evgeniy V. , Zemlyakov Valeriy E. , Kutsko Pavel P. , Parmon Pavel L.
Published: November 2024

The paper demonstrates that the technology of plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA MBE) can be used to form epitaxially overgrown GaN, n-GaN, and n+-GaN contact layers with a high structural quality on virtual GaN/c-Al2O3 substrates under Ga-enriched conditions at relatively low growth temperatures of ~700 °C.
It was shown that the initial stage of growth of the contact layers was accompanied by effective filtration of dislocations threading from the buffer GaN layer of the virtual substrate formed by MOCVD.
The values of residual stresses calculated using the data of Raman microspectroscopy indicate a high structural quality of GaN, n-GaN, and n+-GaN contact layers regardless of the level of silicon doping.
The contact resistance reduced to the pad width determined using the transmission line method for the structure with n+-GaN contact layer was ~0.11 Ohm·mm and for the n-GaN contact layer it was ~0.5 Ohm·mm
L-HPG Metabolic labeling of mitochondrial translation in cultured cell lines v1
Authors: Begeman Adam , C Lewis Samantha
Published: November 2024

This protocol describes the metabolic labeling of mitochondrial translation in cultured cells (such as IMR90) using an amino acid L-Homopropargylglycine (L-HPG).
Exploring Adolescents’ Social Media Connection and Disconnection: A Latent Class Approach
Authors: Nassen Lise-Marie , Karsay Kathrin , Vandenbosch Laura , Schreurs Lara
Published: November 2024

In industrialized societies characterized by ubiquitous connectivity, many individuals disconnect from their phones or social media to break patterns of habitual use, reduce information overload, alleviate stress, and avoid distractions. Although research has predominantly focused on (young) adults, information on digital disconnection among adolescents remains limited. In response, in the present study, we analyzed survey data from 956 Flemish adolescents in Belgium (Mage = 15.10, SD = 1.61, and 64.8% girls) and, using latent class analysis, identified two subgroups: Class 1 labeled as “low adoption of social media apps and disconnection tools,” and Class 2 labeled as “high adoption of social media apps and disconnection tools.” Adolescents in Class 2 were more likely to use social media, specifically social networking, instant messaging, and entertainment apps, and to adopt disconnection tools (e.g., iOS Screentime or the Forest app). Next, drawing on the media practice model, we investigated how sociodemographic and sociopsychological factors contribute to those usage patterns and found that girls, older adolescents, and adolescents with higher scores for depressive symptoms and flourishing were more likely to belong to Class 2. Those findings offer new insights into adolescents’ social media connection and disconnection that can inform interventions to promote healthier smartphone use among adolescents.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF DISJUNCTIVE DOMINATION IN GRAPHS
Authors: Lekha A.
Published: November 2024

A disjunctive dominating set of a graph is a subset such that every vertex is either adjacent to a vertex of or has at least two vertices in at a distance two from it in . The disjunctive domination number of , denoted by , is the minimum cardinality of a disjunctive dominating set. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of key results and findings on disjunctive domination in graphs.
Piezoelectric sensors for studying the Moon plasma-dust exosphere
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Golovanov Egor V. , Kashin Vadim V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Gorbachev Iliya A. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kolesov Vladimir V. ,   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Zakharov Alexander V. ,   Institute of Space Research of RAS, Dol'nikov Gennady G. ,   Institute of Space Research of RAS
Published: November 2024

The scientific research program of lunar landers includes an experiment involving the study of the dynamics of lunar microparticles and the parameters of the near-surface dust plasma. Near-surface plasma and levitating dust particles form the Moon plasma-dust exosphere. To register the mechanical characteristics of dust microparticles, it is necessary to develop an impact sensor. As a sensitive element for the impact sensor, the shock sensitivity of various piezoelectric materials was experimentally studied: lithium niobate single crystals, PZT-19 piezoceramics, as well as a piezopolymer film of polyvinylidene fluoride. To register electrical signals on the piezoelectric sensors surface, a measuring stand with the original topology of the electrode system on the plates has been developed. The sensitivity of various piezoelectric sensors to impact, the response times of the sensor to impact, as well as the coordinates of the impact points on the sensor plates were measured.