[The Application of Al-Qiyās by Muhammad Nawawī Al-Bantānī against The Attributes of Qudrah & Irādah on The Book of Tījān Al-Darārī] Aplikasi Al-Qiyas oleh Muhammad Nawawi Al-Bantani terhadap Sifat Qudrah & Iradah dalam Kitab Tijan Al-Darari
Authors: Ali Makdom Ahmad Hafiz , Shuhari Mohd Hasrul 
Published: October 2023

The scholars of the Archipelago have written various manuscripts related to religion either in Malay Language but written in Jawi alphabet, or in Arabic Language. These manuscripts have been widely spread and used especially for Muslims in the Archipelago, in various fields such as faith, fiqh, tasawwuf and so on. Nevertheless, among the things emphasized by the scholars of the Archipelago are matters involving faith and confidence in Allah SWT and His messenger. These have been proven by the manuscripts of the scholars of the Archipelago, which emphasized on the elements of faith, whether in Malay or Arabic languages, that have been widely printed and studied by the Malay community of the Archipelago. Among the scholars whom famous for his many manuscripts is Muhammad Nawawī bin ʿUmar al-Bantānī.  He proposed various logical arguments in the form of qiyas in his book, Tījan al-Darārī, in order to relate the belief in the attributes of Allah SWT. However, the method of logic applied does not stand out in a clearer form such as the table between premise and result as implemented by the scholars of logic. Therefore, this paper aims to explain the attributes of Allah SWT that must be believed by every mukallaf, especially the attributes of Qudrah and Irādah. Next is to issue and explain the method of qiyas applied by Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani, especially on the nature of Qudrah and Irādah through his book Tijan al-Darari. This qualitative study will use the method of content analysis through the book Tijan al-Darari by Nawawī al-Bantānī together with other manuscripts of faith from Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah, as well as the description of its qiyas based on the authoritative sources of logic manuscripts. As a result, Nawawī al-Bantānī applied al-qiyas al-iqtirānī and al-qiyās al-sharṭī in describing the first two attributes in the attributes of Maʿānī, namely Qudrah and Irādah.

Para ulama Nusantara telah mengarang pelbagai karya berkaitan agama sama ada berbahasa Melayu bertulisan jawi mahupun berbahasa arab. Karya-karya tersebut telah tersebar luas dan dimanfaatkan khususnya bagi umat Islam di Nusantara dalam pelbagai bidang seperti akidah, fiqh, tasawwuf dan sebagainya. Walaupun begitu, antara perkara yang ditekankan oleh para ulama Nusantara ialah perkara-perkara yang membabitkan akidah dan keyakinan terhadap Allah SWT dan rasulNya. Buktinya, karya-karya para ulama Nusantara banyak menekankan unsur-unsur akidah sama ada berbahasa Melayu mahupun Arab yang sudah banyak dicetak dan dipelajari oleh masyarakat Melayu Nusantara. Antara ulama yang terkenal dengan banyak karyanya ialah Muhammad Nawawī bin ʿUmar al-Bantānī. Beliau mengemukakan pelbagai hujah mantik berbentuk qiyas dalam karyanya iaitu Tījan al-Darārī untuk mensabitkan keyakinan terhadap sifat-sifat Allah SWT. Namun, kaedah mantik yang diaplikasikan tidak menonjol dalam bentuk yang lebih jelas seperti jadual antara premis dan natijah sebagaimana dilaksanakan oleh para ulama mantik. usteru, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menerangkan sifat-sifat Allah SWT yang wajib dipercayai oleh setiap mukallaf khususnya sifat Qudrah dan Irādah. Seterusnya, mengeluarkan serta menjelaskan kaedah qiyas yang diaplikasikan oleh Shaykh Nawawi al-Bantani khususnya pada sifat Qudrah dan Irādah menerusi karyanya Tijan al-Darari. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini akan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan menerusi kitab Tijan al-Darari karya Nawawī al-Bantānī serta karya-karya akidah yang lain daripada Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah serta huraian qiyasnya berdasarkan karya-karya mantik yang muktabar. Hasilnya, Nawawī al-Bantānī mengaplikasikan al-qiyas al-iqtirānī dan al-qiyās al-sharṭī dalam menghuraikan dua sifat pertama dalam sifat Maʿānī iaitu Qudrah dan Irādah.