bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSING HOUSING AFFORDABILITY: ANALYSIS OF PROPERTY
TAX SYSTEMS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: BAHRAMOV Fuad
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the relationship between property tax systems and housing
affordability in European countries. The research contains not only theoretical section, but
also empirical analysis. The statistical data used in research was extracted from Eurostat,
OECD, and Tax Foundation. As housing affordability increasingly becomes a pressing issue
in many European cities, understanding the role of property taxation in shaping affordability
dynamics is crucial for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders. Addressing housing
affordability challenges requires a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing
housing costs, with property tax systems playing a pivotal role in shaping housing market
dynamics. Through a comprehensive literature review, the paper explores existing research
findings on the correlation between property taxation and housing affordability. Utilizing data
from the Eurostat database, I conduct a comparative analysis of property tax collection
statistics across Europe. It focuses on property tax revenues as percentage of total private
stock. In assessing housing affordability, two key indicators were extracted from the Eurostat
database: the housing cost overburden rate and housing costs as a proportion of disposable
income. Housing costs encompass various expenses associated with dwelling occupancy,
including utilities, maintenance, taxes, and insurance. The housing cost overburden rate
measures the percentage of households where housing expenses exceed 40% of
disposable income, providing insight into the burden of housing costs relative to income.
Additionally, paper analyses the proportion of disposable income allocated to housingrelated expenses, offering further insight into affordability trends. The findings contribute to
understanding the impact of property tax systems on housing affordability in European
countries. By evaluating the relationship between property taxation and housing costs, the
strategies can be developed to mitigate housing affordability challenges and promote
sustainable housing markets.
CHATBOT IN HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; WORLD
EXPERIENCE VS. ROMANIA
Authors: FRĂTICĂ-DRAGOMIR (GUȘE) Alina Mihaela
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly penetrating the public sector as agencies strive
for higher efficiency, better quality, and more personalized service to their customers. Social
security is no exception. While AI applications are diverse - each with its own far-reaching
implications - "IA conversational" or "chatbots" have led the way in terms of AI adoption by
government agencies. Chatbots are a useful tool with great potential for government. All
types of chatbots have a great benefit and revolutionary impact for users of public
administration Describe the basic characteristics of chatbots, their classification, and, in the
form of a SWOT analysis of the strengths and limitations of this technology in their
application in public administration, it is confirmed that chatbots (and their subsequent
changes and development variants, such as VoiceBots or digital assistants) will become an
integral part of the modern apparatus that public administration will use for public relations.
THE MONETARY POLICY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSUMPTION AND
TRADE IN ROMANIA
Authors: NEGREA Adrian , GIURGIU Adriana , BENEA Ciprian Beniamin
Published: November 2024

The methods that a country's central bank uses to control the total amount of money in
circulation and affect trade, consumption, and economic growth are collectively referred to as
monetary policy. A monetary expansionary policy entails a reduction in interest rates. As borrowing
costs decrease, customers are encouraged to borrow more money and spend more, which boosts
consumer spending and promotes economic growth. On the other hand, when interest rates rise
during contractionary monetary policy, saving becomes more appealing while borrowing becomes
more expensive. As a result, consumers may cut down on spending, which has an impact on
aggregate consumption. Businesses are encouraged to invest by lower interest rates brought on by
expansionary policies. They may borrow money more cheaply, which boosts imports, company
expansion, and capital expenditures. Trade can increase if expansionary measures cause the home
currency to weaken and become more appealing to export. In contrast, exports can be hampered by
a rising currency. In conclusion, trade dynamics, corporate investment, and consumption patterns
should be all greatly impacted by monetary policy measures. In order to find out some evidence about
the monetary policy and its impact on consumption and trade in Romania, the paper uses statistical
information from the National Bank of Romania between 2003 and 2023 for the monetary policy
interest rate. This is going to be assessed base on its impact upon: Final consumption expenditure of
general government; Final consumption expenditure of households; Gross capital formation; Exports
of goods and services; Imports of goods and services; all of this taken from Eurostat. The results
should point out if an increase or decrease of monetary policy interest rate is going to produce an
impact upon consumption and trade, or the contrary is going to take place.
CONCEPTS CONCERNING DIGITAL ECOSYSTEMS- A REVIEW
Authors: BOZINTAN Adrian George , CRIȘAN Emil Lucian
Published: November 2024

Digital transformation is anticipated to be the fourth industrial revolution.
Considering this phenomenon, some economic entities tend to group and collaborate using
digital technologies, thus forming economic ecosystems. The notion of ecosystem is a
relatively recent concept used in economic language, coming from biology. Because of this,
the ecosystem and the specific types of ecosystems, such as business and digital, are not
consistently defined in the literature. There are multiple conceptualizations of these
concepts, which in practice leads to confusion and even misuse of the terminology. The main
purpose of the paper is to revise the concepts related to the ecosystem construct, but also
the most important types of ecosystems for the world economy, namely the business and
digital ecosystems. The methodology used is the analysis of the main sources dealing with
ecosystems, particularly digital and business. We have reviewed papers from the following
journals: Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Journal of Business Research,
Technovation, Digital Business, International Journal of Information Management, and
Technology Innovation Management Review. It is important to note that the analysis of the
articles was carried out from a managerial point of view, without adopting a technical
perspective. Following this analysis, we made a comparison between the two types of
ecosystems, highlighting their common features.
NAVIGATIONAL DYNAMICS IN THE DIGITAL AGE: DIGITAL
LEADERSHIP AND E-LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL
TRANSFORMATION
Authors: SIVULCA Alexandra–Daniela , ABRUDAN Maria-Madela , SALA Diana Claudia , BIBU Nicolae
Published: November 2024

Today's business world is highly dynamic, volatile, uncertain, complex, and
ambiguous (VUCA). It is driven by ever faster, more efficient, and more numerous
technological advances. Digital technologies have a huge impact not only on how an
organization works but also on its business model. This has led to fundamental changes in
the nature of leadership as well, from the underlying traditional forms of leadership to
modern forms of leadership. In this context, the ability to successfully navigate these new
technological waves has become an essential challenge for leaders. The digital
transformation of organizations in the digital era marks the need for a holistic and integrative
approach to the concepts of digital leadership and e-leadership, which are becoming a
priority for organizations in their desire to remain competitive and successful as long as
possible. The leadership process itself is a predictor of how change is perceived, managed,
and integrated within an organization, not just at the surface level but also deep into its
structure. This paper explores in detail the concepts of digital leadership and e-leadership,
examining their importance and how they act to ensure that organizations are effectively
guided through the digital transformation process, advancing with digital technologies. The
research method is bibliometric analysis to mark the synapses between the two concepts
and their network with other key notions. The main conclusion of the paper is that digital
leadership and e-leadership are integral and complementary; they act together, without
putting a sign of equality between them, to ensure the success of organizations in
addressing the new technological requirements and disruptions encountered in their
business environment.
Effect of Stakeholders’ Engagement on Performance of Construction Projects in Rwanda: Case of Horizon Construction Company
Authors: Mukakarisa Claudine , Njoroge Naomi
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This research focused on the evaluation of the impact of stakeholder engagement on the performance of construction projects in Rwanda.  The following specific objectives directed this study: to identify the impact of stakeholders' involvement in project planning on the performance of Horizon Construction Company's construction projects; to assess the impact of stakeholders' engagement in project implementation on the performance of Horizon Construction Company's construction projects; and to evaluate the impact of stakeholders' engagement in monitoring and evaluation on the performance of Horizon Construction Company's construction projects.
Methodology: A combination of descriptive and correlational research survey design under a mixed method approach was used to guide the study. Participants in this research consisted of 182 individuals from Horizon Construction Company. Using stratified simple random sampling, this research sampled 125 people. A statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze quantitative data along with thematic for qualitative data.
Findings: The coefficient for stakeholders in project planning is 0.325, suggesting that for each unit increase in stakeholder engagement during the planning phase, project performance is expected to increase by 0.325, with this relationship being statistically significant (β = 0.325, t = 6.153, Sig. = 0.000). Similarly, the coefficient for stakeholders in project implementation is 0.268, indicating that a one-unit increase in engagement during implementation correlates with a 0.268 increase in project performance, which is also statistically significant (β = 0.268, t = 5.841, Sig. = 0.000). Additionally, the coefficient for stakeholders in monitoring and evaluation is 0.409, revealing that improvements in stakeholder engagement in oversight can enhance project performance by 0.409 units, with a statistically significant impact (β = 0.409, t = 8.030, Sig. = 0.000).
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: it is recommended that Horizon Construction Company prioritize inclusive stakeholder engagement practices throughout all project phases.
Harnessing Digital Strategies to Combat Cryptocurrency-Enabled Crimes: Addressing Money Laundering, Illicit Trade, and Cyber Threats
Authors: Chitsungo Chamunorwa
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This research explores how advanced digital strategies can be harnessed to combat cryptocurrency-enabled crimes, focusing on the use of blockchain analysis, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and enhanced regulatory frameworks to detect, trace, and prevent illegal transactions on cryptocurrency platforms.
Materials and Method: The study examines the challenges law enforcement and regulatory bodies face due to the pseudonymous nature of cryptocurrencies and their cross-border complexities. It analyses emerging digital tools that facilitate the de-anonymization of transactions and enable real-time monitoring of suspicious activities. Case studies from recent high-profile cryptocurrency crimes, such as the Silk Road shutdown and recent ransomware attacks, are utilized to highlight the effectiveness of these digital strategies.
Findings: The findings indicate that a multi-layered approach, which combines technological innovations with global regulatory efforts, is essential for mitigating risks associated with cryptocurrency as a facilitator of cybercrime. Advanced analytics and regulatory techniques are identified as key resources for detecting and preventing illicit activities.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The research demonstrates practical implications for law enforcement agencies in developing strategies that integrate advanced digital tools to improve their capabilities to manage and investigate cryptocurrency-related crimes. From a policy perspective, the study highlights the importance of creating adaptive regulatory frameworks that can evolve alongside cryptocurrency technology to effectively address the unique challenges it presents in combating cybercrime.
Students’ Perceptions Towards the Use of Educational Games in Translation Classroom: An Analysis of 2P1M
Authors: Husin Norhazlina , Ismail Saliza
Published: November 2024

This study explores the integration of 2P1M, an online translation game, into a translation classroom to address the challenge of student disengagement and lack of motivation in learning English-Malay translation, specifically with compound words. The primary objective was to assess students’ perceptions of the game’s effectiveness in enhancing engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. The research involved 19 students enrolled in a Translation Theory and Practice (Malay Language) course. A mixed-method approach was used, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection through a questionnaire adapted from Selvi and Çoşan (2018). The survey assessed students’ views on the game, focusing on its impact on participation, enjoyment, and learning retention. Findings indicated that 2P1M positively influenced student engagement, with 84% of respondents agreeing that the game encouraged active participation. Additionally, 89% of students reported that the game was enjoyable and effectively maintained their interest in translation tasks. The game also supported knowledge retention, with 79% of participants affirming its educational value. However, feedback mechanisms were identified as an area for improvement, as only 47% of students felt the game sufficiently helped them correct their mistakes. In conclusion, 2P1M proved to be an effective tool for enhancing motivation and learning in translation classrooms. To maximise its potential, the study recommends improving the feedback provided to students and enhancing the game’s design for a more comprehensive learning experience. These findings offer valuable insights for incorporating gamification in language education.
Evaluation on the Potential of Ganoderma lucidum Bioactive Compounds as Alpha Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibitor: A Computational Study
Authors: Sharif Faez , Atan Amirul Khairullah , Azizan Nur Hafizah , Abdul Hamid Azzmer Azzar , Ismail Che Muhammad Khairul Hisyam , Mohd Aris Mohd Shukri
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Computational simulation study was carried out on bioactive compounds of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum). Methods: Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed. The input files for protein and ligands were retrieved from Protein Data Bank (PDB) and PubChem database. Human maltase-glucoamylase (PDB ID: 3L4Y) is the protein (α-glucosidase enzyme). The ligands are thirteen compounds derived from G. lucidum together with acarbose and miglitol as controls. Results: Docking result showed the lowest binding energy is from Ganomycin B (-7.8 kcal/mol) compared to acarbose and miglitol (-5.0 kcal/mol and -4.4 kcal/mol) respectively. MD simulation showed interaction of 3L4Y-Ganomycin B achieved stable interaction and conformation as follows: root mean square deviation (RMSD) is ± 2.7 Å, average distance of ±1.8 Å and constant hydrogen bonds around 1 - 3. Conclusion: Ganomycin B was found to have good binding affinity, embarking its potential as a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor.
IMPORTANCE DE LA PIECE COMPTABLE JUSTIFICATIVE DANS LA GESTION FINANCIERE D’UN ETABLISSEMENT SCOLAIRE (CAS DES ECOLES SECONDAIRES PUBLIQUES DU TERRITOIRE DE MITWABA 2018 – 2022)
Authors: Kazadi Béatrice Muntshiene
Published: November 2024

Objectif : Notre préoccupation majeure est de comprendre l’importance qu’accordent les chefs d’établissement de cette contrée à la pièce justificative dans la gestion dans les ressources financières qu’ils perçoivent. Le but de ce travail est d’éveiller la conscience des chefs d’établissement sur les faits que les pièces justificatives constituent des preuves tangibles dans la résolution des problèmes financiers qui touchent à la vie d’une structure. Il est bon de les connaître, savoir les utiliser et les conserver afin de répondre aux exigences pratiques et légales en matière de gestion financière.
Méthodologie : Pour réaliser cette étude, nous avons fait recours à la méthode statistique qui relève de la recherche quantitative orientée vers une observation systématique.  Cette méthode d’analyse des données recueillies auprès des enquêtés a été soutenue par des techniques d’interview, documentaire et le questionnaire d’enquête dans le but de constituer notre corpus.
Résultat : Après analyse et discussion des résultats, il s’observe que la pièce justificative n’a pas toute sa place dans la gestion financière de ces établissements.
Contribution : Nous avons recommandé aux préfets des études communément appelés chefs d’établissement un renforcement des capacités en comptabilité de base et un plaidoyer auprès de l’Etat par rapport à l’ouverture dans chaque établissement l’option commerciale et de gestion pour pallier à ce manque de personnel qualifié. Ceci pour permettre d’améliorer la gestion financière des écoles secondaires publiques du territoire de Mitwaba en tenant compte de règles et principes de base.
Ulu öndər Heydər Əliyevin Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatının inkişafında rolu
Authors: H. Bilal
Published: November 2024

Ulu öndər Heydər Əliyevin çoxşaxəli ictimai-siyasi fəaliyyətinin mühüm bir qolu ədəbiyyat və incəsənətlə bağlıdır. Keçmiş sovetlər məkanında fenomenal yaddaşı, xarizması ilə seçilən, xalqına sədaqətlə xidmət edən erudisiyalı şəxsiyyət, ümummilli lider Heydər Əliyev milli-mənəvi tərəqqidə ədəbiyyat və incəsənətə xüsusi önəm verirdi. O, ədəbiyyata və mədəniyyətə xalqın milli sərvəti, intellektual mülkiyyəti, özünəməxsusluğu ilə fərqlənən sənət incisi kimi yanaşırdı. Məqalədə ulu öndərin Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatının inkişafında mühüm rolu, söz sənətimizə, klassik və müasir ədəbiyyatımızın görkəmli nümayəndələrinə, onların yaradıcılığına verdiyi böyük mənəvi dəyər öz əksini tapmışdır.
Söz-cümlənin sintaktik-semantik xüsusiyyətləri
Authors: A. Ədalət
Published: November 2024

Heç bir daxili üzv əsasında formalaşmayan, izahedici, aydınlaşdırıcı sözlər vasitəsilə genişləndirilməyən, üzvlənməyən (üzvlərinə ayrılmayan) sözdən və söz birləşmələrindən ibarət cümləyə söz-cümlə deyilir. Söz-cümlənin semantik məzmunu subyektin obyektə münasibətinin müxtəlifliyi baxımından rəngarəngdir. Emosional-qiymətləndirici söz-cümlə – danışanın ifadə olunan fikrə, şəraitə, hadisə və predmetlərə münasibətini əks etdirir. İnkar söz-cümlə – ya verilən suala inkari cavab kimi işlənən, ya da başqasının fikrinə etiraz münasibətinin təzahürü olaraq ifadə edilən söz-cümləyə deyilir. Sual söz-cümlə – müsahibin fikrinə modal qiymətvermə məqamında işlənib, təsdiq və inkar bildirən “hə”, “yox” ədatları və ya “heç”, “yaxşı”, “belə”, “elə” və s. sözlərlə ifadə edilir. Beləliklə, aydın olur ki, söz-cümlənin sintaktik-semantik tiplərinin zənginliyi əsasən subyektin obyektiv gerçəkliyə münasibətinin məzmunundan asılıdır.
İmadəddin Nəsiminin dilində işlək olan bəzi şəkilçilərin müasir ədəbi dilimizdə istifadə imkanları
Authors: H. Rəhilə
Published: November 2024

Dilimizin uzun əsrlərdən bəri keçib gəldiyi tarixi inkişaf prosesinin öyrənilməsi onun leksik tərkibində və qrammatik quruluşunda baş verən dəyişiklikləri müəyyən etmədən, tədqiq olunan tarixi dövr üçün səciyyəvi olan dil vahidlərinin istər fonetik, istər leksik, istərsə də qrammatik xüsusiyyətlərini linqvistik müstəvidə təhlil süzgəcindən keçirmədən mümkün deyildir. Xüsusilə onun lüğət tərkibini və qrammatik quruluşunu dərindən tədqiq etmək gərəkdir. Çünki dil iki mühüm nəhəngin – lüğət tərkibi və qrammatik quruluşun üzərində dayanır. İmadəddin Nəsimi poeziyasının dili üzərində diaxronik aspektdə aparılan tədqiqatdan məlum olur ki, şairin bədii dilində işlək olan qrammatik şəkilçilərin bəziləri tamamilə arxaikləşmiş, bəziləri fonetik tərkibcə müəyyən dəyişikliyə uğramış, bəziləri isə regional müstəvidə izlərini qoruyub-saxlamışdır (-ğıl, -gil; -durur, -dürür; -ibani, -ıban, -ubanu, -übanü; -alım, -əlim; -cəgin, -cəgiz, -cağız; -ayım, -əyim və s.).
Aplikasi Android Untuk Pengaduan Sampah di Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Sidik Zainudin , Ismail Abdul Rahman
Published: November 2024

Permasalahan yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana cara membangun aplikasi sistem informasi lokasi dan pengaduan sampah berbasis android pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Gorontalo. Pembangunan sistem informasi ini bertujuan untuk membantu dinas lingkungan hidup Kota Gorontalo dalam mengelola sampah dan meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkugan. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini diharapkan permasalahan sampah di Kota Gorontalo dapat diatasi. Aplikasi ini memiliki fitur untuk menampilkan dan mengarahkan masyarakat menuju ke lokasi tempat sampah terdekat, dan juga fitur untuk pengaduan kepada dinas lingkungan hidup terkait permasalahan sampah. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan metode pengembangan perangkat lunak menggunakan metode waterfall. Metode pengujian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian blackbox yang dilakukan pengujian perangkat lunak dari segi spesifikasi fungsional. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem ini dapat mempermudah masyarakat untuk melakukan pengaduan sampah. Sistem ini dapat meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menjaga kebersihan lingkungan dan membantu Dinas Lingkugan Hidup Kota Gorontalo dalam mengelola sampah dengan lebih efisien.
El gravamen energético temporal sobre los beneficios extraordinarios de los operadores de energía en España: su díscola base legal europea, sus problemas de compatibilidad como medida equivalente con el reglamento de la Unión Europea y su potencial inconstitucionalidad
Authors: Serrano Antón Fernando
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo se centra: (i) en la legitimidad, desde una perspectiva jurídica, del gravamen temporal energético aprobado por el Reglamento (UE) 2022/1854 del Consejo, considerando el uso de la ley de emergencia; y (ii) en el contraste basado en el derecho y la jurisprudencia del TJUE con la implementación española del gravamen temporal energético sobre los beneficios extraordinarios de los proveedores de hidrocarburos para así determinar su compatibilidad con el derecho europeo. El análisis realizado nos lleva a mantener algunas dudas sobre el mecanismo legal utilizado por la Unión Europea para su aprobación, así como su compatibilidad con las libertades fundamentales de la Unión. También somos críticos con la forma de implantar en España este gravamen temporal energético previsto en el reglamento citado. Tanto el TJUE como el TEDH tendrán la última palabra.
Ion doped metal oxide and its power conversion efficiency influence on Perovskite solar cells
Authors:   , Reddy Dwayne Jensen
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Ion Doped Metal Oxide and its Influence on the Power Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells Dwayne Jensen Reddy Doctor of Applied Sciences This study focuses on the fabrication and characterization of Zinc-doped Titanium dioxide (ZnTiO2) as an Electron Transport Layer (ETL) in CH3NH3PbI3-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A one-step spin coating technique under controlled ambient conditions (relative humidity < 65%, room temperature ∼ 20oC ) for the development of PSC was applied to investigate the effects of Zn-ion doping on the structural, morphological, optical, and photovoltaic properties. Numerical simulations using SCAPS 1D were additionally performed to further investigate the influence of ion doping on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. Zn-doped TiO2 was successfully incorporated into the TiO2 crystal structure using the solgel technique. Characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the incorporation of Zn ions. The crystallite size ranged from 19.99 to 7.1 nm, depending on the Zn ion doping concentration. XRD results also indicate the formation of a highly crystalline tetragonal perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) phase. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy verified the presence of the anatase phase of Zn-doped TiO2, while the formation of the adduct of Pb2 with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methylammonium iodide (MAI) was confirmed at 1015 cm-1. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images exhibited fairly smooth and uniform surface coverage for the Zn-doped TiO2 layers. The Root Mean Square (Rq) values for surface roughness showed a decrease from 26.85 nm for undoped TiO2 to 23.4 nm for the 5 mol% Zn-doped TiO2 layer. UV-Vis spectroscopy demonstrated low light transmission loss characteristics from 300 to 790 nm, with the 2 mol% Zn-doped TiO2 showing slightly improved light transmission between 550 and 800 nm. The bandgap energy of undoped and Zn-doped TiO2 ranged from 3.53 to 3.38 eV, while the perovskite layer exhibited a bandgap energy of 2.06 eV. Experimentally, an optimum PCE of 5.67% was achieved with a 2 mol% dopant concentration. However, increasing the Zn dopant to 5 mol% led to a slight deterioration in the PCE. Numerical simulations revealed that increasing the donor doping concentration in the ETL improved the conduction band alignment at the ETL and perovskite interface, resulting in a PCE of 6.17%. Optimizing the absorber acceptor doping concentration and band gap improved the PCE to 10.79%, however, created a pronounced conduction band offset at the ETL/perovskite interface. This was mitigated by introducing an interfacial layer of Cubic Silicon Carbide (3C-SiC) between the absorber and ETL to minimize the conduction band offset, ultimately achieving a PCE of 12.09%.
CONFLITOS DE INTERESSES: UMA ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA DAS PRÁTICAS DE PUNIÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO
Authors: Esteves Arihem Rodríguez , Oliveira Francilene da Silva , Freire Gabriela de Araújo , De Souza Joyce de Paula Gonçalves , Monteiro Karollay Aparecida da Silva , De Freitas Regeane Moraes
Published: November 2024

This article investigates the historical evolution of punishment and mediation practices, focusing on the Brazilian context. Starting from the premise that conflict resolution should go beyond punishment, it seeks to explore alternatives that promote reparation and the reintegration of offenders into society. Human dignity, as discussed by Guedes (2018), is considered a central principle in justice practices, highlighting criticism of the traditional punitive system, as analyzed by Foucault (2013). Contemporary examples of mediation, such as peace circles and restorative justice programs implemented in Brazil, are examined in light of Lima's (2017) contributions and relevant legislation. The study concludes that implementing restorative practices represents a viable path toward building a more inclusive and humane justice system, capable of promoting social peace and respect for the dignity of all involved.
Influence of Cultural Identity on Revisit Intention (A Case Study of Inlay Region in Myanmar)
Authors: Kyaw Lin Htin
Published: November 2024

This study investigates how cultural identity effects revisit intentions of tourists, focusing on the Inlay region in Myanmar as a case study. It also explores the role of cultural dimensions in shaping tourist satisfaction and fostering revisit intention to that destination. Two objectives are intended for this study. The first objective is to analyze the effect of cultural identity on tourist satisfaction, and the second objective is to examine the effect of tourist satisfaction on revisit intention in the Inlay Region. Quantitative analysis is conducted with 385 samples that are collected using the convenience sampling method. The findings of the current study indicate that all cultural identity dimensions, namely cognitive, emotional, and behavioral, have a significant positive effect on tourist satisfaction, and tourist satisfaction also has a significant positive effect on the revisit intention of the Inlay region. Therefore, authorities should prioritize public education and media publicity to raise awareness about the cultural heritage, historical significance, and traditional beliefs of the Inlay region. Furthermore, to preserve the serene natural environment and ensure the sustainable development of cultural heritage, the authorities should continue to uphold and emphasize the unique cultural history of the Inlay region.
Woman and the Narratives of Resistance: Introspecting the Re-creation of Draupadi through Dasgupta
Authors:   Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities Global Institute of Management and Technology, Nadia, West Bengal, Roy Suparna
Published: November 2024

The ‘politics of silence’ around the body of women has always been an issue addressed with complexly designed patriarchal structures of negotiation. The concept of women when interrogated with an intersectional lens can be found as a pattern created through the process of a forceful ‘bhava’ (emotion or feelings), that they are meant to perform based on the culture and social structures. The interconnected yet distinguished lines of definition between femininity, feminine, feminism and feminist often provides an echoing vacuum of voice(s) that generates many questions to the inclusive structure of ‘what constitutes a woman’. The primordial view to the presentation of a woman in India draws the burden of endurance, love, self-sacrifice, servitude, silence and reproduction. These roles frame the identity of what a woman should be and the Sati women are generally held as the symbols and markers of such qualities. The cultural diplomacy of India has always re-structured the organization of women in relation to the mainstream male narration(s) in the form of ‘his-story’, making the story of ‘her’ absent and such absence as Simone De Beauvoir regards in her work The Second Sex is the creation of why males are left unmarked and women are marked. Henceforth, this paper shall attempt to re-situate Draupadi (a Sati character from Ancient India) within the political constructs of the definition of women by deconstructing the popular notions of what a woman should be, following post-structuralist feminist theory and an empirical and theoretical methodology
Preparation of hybrid calibrated absorption cross sections for a compact UV-DOAS measurement
Authors: Trisna Beni Adi , Kim Sang Woo , Kim Yong-Doo , Park Miyeon , Park Seung-Nam , Lee Jeongsoon
Published: November 2024

Abstract. A low-cost differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) spectrometer has been calibrated using a hybrid approach in which multiple absorption cross sections (ACSs) are measured and compared with previously obtained ACSs. The ACSs obtained from the measurement in this study are referred to as precise measurement (PM) ACSs, while those obtained from the simulation are referred to as hybrid simulation (HS) ACSs. The compact UV grating spectrometer was used to measure PM ACSs at different pressures and temperatures ranging from 295.75 K to 298.15 K. The spectral range was 230–320 nm with a spectral resolution of 0.28–0.39 nm. Uncertainties were evaluated and traceable to SI units. The relative standard measurement uncertainty of the PM ACS for o-xylene, p-xylene, SO2, benzene, styrene and toluene were 3.1 %, 3.1 %, 3.1 %, 3.0 %, 3.0 % and 2.9 %. respectively. This combined relative standard uncertainty includes contributions from optical path length (1.4 %), CRM concentration (≤0.74 %), absorbance repeatability (≤1.5 %), pressure (0.78 %) and temperature (2.1 %). ACSs for reactive trace gases without CRMs were derived using the HS method. This involved convolving literature spectra with measured instrumental functions (IFs) and subsequently applying spectral fitting to achieve ACSs that are well-aligned with those that would be obtained if measured with this spectrometer. The uncertainty of the HS ACSs results from the referenced ACSs, the determination of the IFs and the fitting procedures. The uncertainty of the referenced ACSs is taken directly from the literature and ranges from 0.05 % for benzaldehyde and formaldehyde to 5 % for oxygen. The uncertainty of the IFs is 0.67 %, 0.74 % and 0.65 % in regions I, II and III respectively. The total uncertainty for HS ACS is estimated to be 0.25 % for benzaldehyde, 1.01 % for NO2, 0.95 % for formaldehyde, 0.75 % for p-cresol, 0.74 % for m-xylene, 4.13 % for phenol, 4.19 % for ethylbenzene, 2.83 % for ozone in region I, 3.51 % for ozone in region II, 5.24 % for oxygen in region I and 5.31 % for oxygen in region II, taking into account the above uncertainty components. In a laboratory measurement of a gas mixture (benzene, toluene and ortho-xylene), the difference between the measurement values of the certified reference material (CRM) produced by the gravimetric method and the DOAS measurement is 8.5 % for benzene, 1.6 % for toluene and 4.9 % for ortho-xylene. Therefore, the uncertainty of the DOAS system was estimated to be 15.2 % for benzene, 8.2 % for toluene and 11.6 % for o-xylene, taking into account the uncertainties of the ACS (≤3.1 %), the fitting procedure (≤0.6 %), the difference with the CRM value (≤8.5 %) and the path length (1.4 %). In general, the system is ready for use in field measurements using the long-path DOAS technique.
Simultaneous seasonal dry/wet signals in eastern and central Asia since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Peng Simin , Li Yu , Zhang Zhansen , Gao Mingjun , Chen Xiaowen , Duan Junjie , Xue Yaxin
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The East Asian monsoon region with the summer precipitation regime and the Mediterranean climate region with the winter precipitation regime show opposite dry/wet changes since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Therefore, different precipitation regimes bring about the opposing changes in dry/wet states between eastern and central Asia (EA and CA). Based on a comprehensive study of modern observational datasets, ensemble simulations of eight climate models from the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project phase 3 (PMIP3), and a compilation of 42 proxy records from EA and CA, here we assess the relationship of seasonal precipitation signals involving rain and heat periods and the difference and linkage in dry/wet states from EA and CA. At short-term timescales, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis results of mean annual precipitation show the spatial diversity of overall precipitation patterns in EA and CA. However, EOF results of summer and winter precipitation indicate a similarity between EA and the east of CA, suggesting that seasonal signals of precipitation affected by the Asian monsoon, westerlies, ENSO, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are the primary factors causing the linkage in dry/wet states. At long-term timescales, reconstructed dry/wet states from proxy records since the LGM reveal a parallel evolution in EA and the east of CA as well. A visual inspection from PMIP3 multi-model simulations in summer and winter shows that the insolation in different seasons controls the intensity of westerlies and summer monsoon and further influences the summer and winter precipitation in EA and CA since the LGM. Overall, we suggest, in addition to the traditional difference caused by different precipitation regimes, that dry/wet states in EA and CA universally have inter-regional connections affected by seasonal signals of precipitation at multiple timescales.
Relationships between phytoplankton pigments and DNA- or RNA-based abundances support ecological applications
Authors: Lampe Robert , Rabines Ariel , Wood Steffaney , Schulberg Anne , Goericke Ralf , Venepally Pratap , Zheng Hong , Stukel Michael , Landry Michael , Barton Andrew , Allen Andrew
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Observations of phytoplankton abundances and community structure are critical towards understanding marine ecosystems. Common approaches to determine group-specific abundances include measuring phytoplankton pigments via high-performance liquid chromatography and DNA-based metabarcoding. Increasingly, mRNA abundances via metatranscriptomics are also employed. As phytoplankton pigments are used to develop and validate remote sensing algorithms, further comparisons between pigments and other metrics are needed to validate the extent to which these measurements agree for group-specific abundances; however, most previous comparisons have been hindered by metabarcoding and metatranscriptomics solely producing relative abundance data. By employing quantitative approaches that express both 18S rDNA and total mRNA as concentrations, we show that these measurements are related for several eukaryotic phytoplankton groups. We further propose that integration of these can be used to examine ecological patterns more deeply. For example, productivity-diversity relationships of both the whole community and individual groups show a dinoflagellate-driven negative trend rather than the commonly-found unimodal pattern. Pigments are also shown to relate to certain harmful algal bloom-forming taxa as well as the expression of sets of genes. Altogether, these results suggest that potential models of pigment concentrations via hyperspectral remote sensing may enable improved assessments of global phytoplankton community structure, including the detection of harmful algal blooms, and support the development of ecosystem models.
Emissions of Intermediate- and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (I/SVOCs) from Different Cumulative Mileage Diesel Vehicles under Various Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Guo Shuwen , Zheng Xuan , He Xiao , Zeng Lewei , He Liqiang , Wu Xian , Dai Yifei , Huang Zihao , Chen Ting , Xiao Shupei , You Yan , Xiang Sheng , Zhang Shaojun , Jiang Jingkun , Wu Ye
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The role of intermediate- and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) in heavy-duty diesel vehicle (HDDV) exhaust remains a significant research gap across previous studies, with limited focus on cumulative mileage and ambient temperature effects. This study analyzed gaseous and particulate I/SVOCs from four in-use HDDVs using thermal desorption two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC×GC-MS). Total I/SVOC emission factors (EFs) ranged from 9 to 406 mg·km-1, with 79–99 % in the gaseous phase. High-mileage vehicles (HMVs) emitted I/SVOCs at levels eight times greater than low-mileage vehicles (LMVs), highlighting the influence of cumulative mileage. Emission deterioration occurred under both cold-start and hot-running conditions, though HMVs showed no extra sensitivity to cold starts. HMVs also exhibited increasing emissions with component volatility, alongside a higher share of oxygenated I/SVOCs (O-I/SVOC) than LMVs (65 % vs. 42 %). Compounds such as phenol, alkenes, and cycloalkanes appeared only in HMV emissions. Temperature effects were notable at 0 °C, only HMV emissions rose significantly, while LMV emissions remained stable. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.93) between I/SVOC EFs and modified combustion efficiency (MCE) suggests that reduced combustion efficiency drives higher I/SVOC emissions. HMVs also showed four times greater secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) compared to LMVs. This increase was smaller than the eightfold rise in EFs, likely due to the higher O-I/SVOC content in HMV emissions.
Light scattering and microphysical properties of atmospheric bullet rosette ice crystals
Authors: Wagner Shawn Wendell , Schnaiter Martin , Xu Guanglang , Nehlert Franziska , Järvinen Emma
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Cirrus clouds play a critical role in the Earth's radiative budget. The extent of the radiative impact of cirrus clouds is determined by a number of their physical properties, such as aspherical ice crystal composition. One of the most relevant cirrus ice crystal habits is a polycrystalline bullet rosette, where individual bullets are radiating from the same nucleation point. Here, the link between the crystal morphology of atmospheric bullet rosettes and their asymmetry parameter (g) is experimentally investigated using correlated high resolution in situ stereo-images of individual rosettes and their angular scattering functions measured by the airborne Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering (PHIPS) cloud probe. Bullet rosette stereo-images are analyzed for their microphysical properties, including maximum dimension, bullet aspect ratio, number of bullets, projected area, bullet hollowness, derived mass, derived effective density and derived terminal velocity, as well as their optical properties such as g and optical complexity parameter. Results indicate that much lower g values represent real atmospheric bullet rosette crystals than what is expected by numerical calculations assuming solid or hollow bullets with smooth idealized surfaces, indicating higher levels of crystal complexity than have been previously incorporated within bullet rosette ray-tracing models.
Homogenized daily sunshine duration over China from 1961 to 2022
Authors: He Yanyi , Wang Kaicun , Yang Kun , Zhou Chunlüe , Shao Changkun , Yin Changjian
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Inhomogeneities in the sunshine duration (SSD) observational series, caused by non-climatic factors like China’s widespread transition from manual to automatic SSD recorders in 2019 or station relocations, have hindered accurate estimate of near-surface solar radiation for the analysis of global dimming and brightening as well as related applications, such as solar energy planning and agriculture management. This study compiled raw SSD observational data from 1961 to 2022 at more than 2,200 stations in China and clearly found that the improved precision from 0.1 hour to 1 minute following the instrument update in 2019 led to a sudden reduction in the frequency of zero SSD from 2019 onwards, referred to as the day0-type discontinuity. For the first time, we systematically corrected this known day0-type discontinuity at 378 stations (17 %) in China, resulting in an SSD series with comparable frequencies of zero value before and after 2019. On this base, we constructed a homogenization procedure to detect and adjust discontinuities in both the variance and mean of daily SSD from 1961 to 2022. Results show that a total of 1,363 (60 %) stations experienced breakpoints in SSD, of which ~65 % were confirmed by station relocations and instrument replacements. Compared to the raw SSD, the homogenized SSD is more continuous to the naked eye for various periods, and presents weakened dimming across China from 1961 to 1990 but a non-significant positive trend by a reduction of 60 % in the Tibetan Plateau, suggesting that the homogenized SSD tends to better capture the dimming phenomenon. The northern regions continue dimming from 1991 to 2022 but the southern regions of China brighten slightly. The implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control since 2013 has contributed to a reversal of SSD trend thereafter, which is better reflected in the homogenized SSD with a trend shift from -0.02 to 0.07 hours·day-1/decade from 2013 to 2022 in China, especially in heavily polluted regions. Besides, the relationships of cloud cover fraction and aerosol optical depth with SSD are intensified in the homogenized dataset. These results highlight the importance of the homogenized SSD in accurately understanding the dimming and brightening phenomena. The homogenized SSD dataset is publicly available for community use at https://doi.org/10.11888/Atmos.tpdc.301478 (He et al., 2024).
A reach-integrated hydraulic modelling approach for large-scale and real-time inundation mapping
Authors: Chlumsky Robert , Craig James R. , Tolson Bryan A.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Flooding is one of the world's most common and costly natural hazards, inflicting billions in damages each year. However, current hydraulic models to support flood mapping are not well suited for large-scale applications or frequent updates, either due to limited accuracy of simple methods or lack of scalability (i.e., large computational requirements) for more sophisticated hydrodynamic models. This results in flood maps being decades out of date or simply nonexistent in some areas. Recent advances in generating flood maps have been made seemingly in parallel between geospatial methods and hydrodynamic models, such as the Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) method, hybrid 1D-2D hydrodynamic models and more efficient computing of 2D models. This study presents the Geospatially Augmented Standard Step (GASS) method, which combines a novel improvement to the HAND method, Dynamic Height Above Nearest Drainage (DHAND), with a 1D hydraulic model for rapid flood inundation mapping at large scales while maintaining the accuracy of hydrodynamic models. This method is implemented into a new modelling software package called Blackbird, and is benchmarked in two case studies, including a verification of the code and a benchmark test comparing multiple approaches in the ability to approximate 2D model results. The Blackbird model vastly outperforms the simpler HAND-Manning method and also outperforms a traditional HEC-RAS 1D model when evaluated for accuracy of approximating a 2D model benchmark. This new method is shown to reduce the incidence of falsely predicting flooded areas through improved resolution of landscape connections over HAND-based or 1D hydraulic models. Blackbird also streamlines the model development effort relative to existing 1D or 2D models while maintaining a computational speed that was 10, 000 times less than a comparable 2D model in one case study. The method also allows for future integration of hydraulic structures, ice jams and other features that are unavailable in HAND-based models. Overall, the GASS method provides a viable option for large-scale and real-time fluvial flood mapping applications.