bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Profile Analysis of Children with ASD: Participants in the K-CARS 2 Standardization Study
Authors:   Korean Association For Persons With Autism, Lee SoHyun , Yoon Sun Ah , Woo SukJung , Sim SeHwa , Nam Boram
Published: May 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibits as many intellectual levels and functions as different levels of the spectrum. The purpose of this study was to find the cognitive characteristics of children with ASD through the analysis of the K-WISC-IV profile, an intelligence test conducted for participants in the K-CARS 2 standardization study. According to the criteria of K-CARS 2, the ASD group was classified into groups (standard, high-functioning) based on IQ of 80, and the subjects were 141 people aged 8-15 years (78 ASD; standard 50, high-functioning 28, 24 typical development children, and 39 clinical children). In this study, we first analyzed the overall intelligence quotient (FSIQ) of the K-WISC-IV, the average of the index scores, and the profile pattern. Second, the effect of the index scores of children with standard and high-functioning ASDs on the overall intelligence was examined. Third, an analysis was conducted to determine whether there is a meaningful difference between the IQ or subtest according to ASD, typical development children or clinical children. Finally, the correlation between autism symptoms and cognitive profile index scores of children with ASD was analyzed. Through the results of this study, it was possible to identify the cognitive characteristics shown through the K-WISC-IV profile of children with ASD, and there were parts that were consistent with previous studies such as the superiority of perceptual reasoning index scores by analyzing the research results. There are some parts that show differences from previous studies, so this has been dealt with in the discussion.
Наукова співпраця галицьких і наддніпрянських дослідників ХІХ ст. у контексті розвитку національного слов’янознавства
Authors: Федорів Ірина
Published: May 2023

У статті проаналізовано зміст та особливості наукової співпраці між дослідниками Галичини та Наддніпрянської України ХІХ ст. у контексті становлення національного слов’янознавства. Окреслено основні періоди такої співпраці, з’ясовано зміст, ключові постаті та характер наукових контактів, форми і засоби спілкування. Встановлено, що наукові взаємини між дослідниками обох частин України відбувалися під час особистих і професійних зустрічей та завдяки листуванню. Цей процес відбувався поступово, де можна виокремити два періоди такої співпраці: 1830-1840-і рр. та 1860-1890-ті рр. Взаємини із наддніпрянськими вченими поглиблювали інтерес галицьких дослідників до національної та слов’янознавчої тематики. Налагодження подальшої співпраці було продовжено М. Грушевським і його учнями.
Історія Уманщини у життєписі родини Мейєндорфів
Authors: Кузнець Тетяна
Published: May 2023

У статті систематизовані та доповнені з інших історичних джерел деякі фрагменти з історії Уманщини, що були виявлені у спогадах Марії Мейєндорф про свою родину. Перш за все, це опис помість у селах Томашівка, Ягубець, Вільшана Слобідка Уманського повіту другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст., влаштування побуту аристократичної родини та адаптація її у середовищі українського селянства, життєві перипетії у роки суспільної трансформації. За спогадами М. Мейєндорф укладено біографію Юрія Федоровича Мейєндорфа, який з 1911 до 1919 р. тричі обирався Головою Земської Управи Уманського повіту, що розширює знання про діяльність органу місцевого самоврядування – Уманського земства. Почерпнутою зі спогадів М. Мейєндорф інформацією про вбивство брата Юрія Мейєндорфа перевірені повідомлення періодичної преси та щоденникових записів сучасника – громадського діяча П.Ф. Курінного про смерть і похорон очільника Уманського земства.

Увиразнено мотиви пошанування мешканцями села Томашівка пам’яті Н.М. Мейєндорф, могила якої і тепер доглядається селянами. Підтверджена інформація про місце розташування будинку Юрія та Наталії Мейєндорфів в Умані.
Православна церква на Поділлі у 1920-30-ті роки: сучасна українська історіографія
Authors: Степанчук Юрій , Корновенко Сергій , Федьков Олександр
Published: May 2023

Проаналізовано здобутки сучасної української історіографії по вивченню розвитку православної церкви на Поділлі у 1920-30-ті роки. Серед усього масиву праць, що охоплювали чи зосереджувалися на зазначеній проблемі, можна виділити 4 умовні групи, що покращить виклад і сприйняття здобутків української історичної науки:

1) ґрунтовні праці, здебільшого на основі дисертаційних досліджень, які охоплюють територію УСРР-УРСР і розкривають фрагменти подільського церковного життя (О. Ігнатуша, О. Тригуб, С. Жилюк та інші);

2) роботи, які розкривають історіографічний аспект проблеми, тобто робиться спроба узагальнення наявних напрацювань і визначення потенційних напрямків подальшої дослідницької праці у регіональному розрізі (О. Галамай, С. Дровозюк);

3) археографічні праці, що визначають джерельний потенціал теми (О. Галамай, О. Широка, М. Панасюк, Ю. Зінько);

4) позитивістські праці, що розкривають різні аспекти життя православ’я на території Поділля (О. Тригуб, О. Галамай, О. Лойко, М. Олійник, Д. Кузовенков, О. Логінов, О. Колесник, Н. Кузьмінець, М. Панасюк та інші).

Автор прийшов до висновку, що не дивлячись на таке розмаїття сучасних авторів і праць, у вивченні православної церкви на Поділлі міжвоєнної доби ще залишається велика кількість прогалин. Перспективними напрямками досліджень вважаємо вивчення міжконфесійних відносин у православному середовищі, аналіз релігійності населення у розрізі різних верств (інтелігенція, робітництво, селянство), релігійна повсякденність віруючих, виживання духовенства, репресії щодо духовенства та віруючих і, нарешті, створення якісної узагальнюючої праці на широкій джерельній базі – розмаїтті центральних, обласних і галузевих архівів (СБУ та МВС), цивільній і церковній пресі, джерел особового походження тощо.
«Український націєтворчий проєкт» П.Я. Стебницького
Authors: Вергунов Віктор
Published: May 2023

Рецензія на книгу: Демуз І.О. Інтелектуальна біографія Петра Януаровича Стебницького (1862-1923 рр.) – громадського діяча, книговидавця, публіциста: монографія. Переяслав: Домбровська Я.М., 2022. 356 с.
Грецьке населення Причорноморських міст-фортець: походження, історична демографія, діяльність (90-ті роки XVІІІ – початок ХІХ ст.)
Authors: Бачинська Олена
Published: May 2023

У запропонованій статті на основі архівних документів розглядається процес формування грецького населення у причорноморських містах-фортецях – Хаджибей-Одеса, Аккерман, Кілія, Ізмаїл у кінці ХVІІІ – початку ХІХ ст. Визначається, що внаслідок російсько-турецьких війн зазначеного періоду грецьке населення змушено було виробляти нові поведінкові моделі свого існування. З’ясовуються специфіка формування грецьких громад у кожному з міст-фортець, динаміка їх чисельності, наведені приклади міграційних шляхів, пропонуються історико-демографічні характеристики, визначаються особливості соціального та територіального походження, господарських занять, зовнішнього вигляду й ономастика окремих представників грецької спільноти.
«Контрольована справедливість»: ревізійно-апеляційний процес у судах Правобережної України (1793-1825 рр.)
Authors: Шевчук Андрій
Published: May 2023

Проаналізовано ревізійно-апеляційний процес у судах правобережних губерній в умовах політики «висування» новонабутих територій до імперського простору. За Речі Посполитої в умовах незалежності судової влади шляхетська корпорація отримувала можливість боротися за справедливість, за необхідності використовуючи механізм оскарження вироків. Після другого поділу нова імперська влада зберегла наявну судову систему, але з обов’язковим ревізуванням проваджень призначуваними чиновниками / адміністративними установами. Після конструювання станової судової системи в 1796 р. було запроваджено багаторівнева система контролю за «справедливістю», що за формального судочинства означало підтвердження вироку письмовими документами: показами свідків, довідками, матеріалами слідства тощо. В умовах імперської політики пошуку компромісу з елітами Павлом І та Олександром І було відновлено окремі елементи річпосполитських судових процедур, але збережено адміністрування та імперський ревізійно-апеляційний процес. В окремих випадках заради утвердження в регіоні влада «закривала очі» на окремі порушення у роботі судів, у тому числі й порушеннях ревізійно-апеляційного процесу.
Громадсько-політична діяльність К. Трильовського у Східній Галичині (кін. ХІХ – перша пол. ХХ ст.)
Authors: Нагірняк Андрій
Published: May 2023

У статті досліджується громадсько-політична діяльність відомого українського адвоката, журналіста й організатора січового руху – К. Трильовського. Простежено процес формування його світогляду та становлення суспільно-політичних поглядів. Також у статті вказано, що К. Трильовський великі надії покладав на українське селянство та намагався активізувати його діяльність. Показано, що К. Трильовський займався культурно-освітньою та громадсько-організаційною роботою. Стверджено, що найвизначнішим досягненням діяча було створення січових організацій, які швидкими темпами набирали рис парамілітарних.
Німецька меншина України в 20-30-х рр. ХХ ст.: огляд сучасної вітчизняної історіографії
Authors: Тараненко Алла
Published: May 2023

Стаття присвячена історіографічному огляду праць сучасних українських вчених на сторінках яких характеризується життя та становище німецької меншини підрадянської України в 20–30-х рр. ХХ ст. Визначаються географічні межі наукових розвідок дослідників минулого українських німців. Показується, що вони охоплюють як територію всієї республіки, так і окремі регіони, зокрема з компактним проживанням представників німецької спільноти. Наголошується, що частина наукових студій, в яких розглядалася окреслена проблема, була присвячена історії національних меншин країни у цілому.

Виокремлюються питання, які були порушені дослідниками німецької меншини, а саме: особливості господарської діяльності, проблеми, що супроводжували трансформацію традиційного економічного укладу під час колективізації, виживання в роки голоду, деталі побуту та повсякденного життя, процеси радянізації, соціокультурні зміни, розгортання більшовицьким режимом репресій за національною ознакою тощо.

Встановлено, що проблема історії українських німців дотепер не втратила своєї привабливості з часу її актуалізації у середині 90-х рр. ХХ ст., свідченням чого стало дослідження протягом останніх десятиліть нових аспектів теми дедалі більшою кількістю вчених.
Внутрішні передумови глобальної конкурентоспроможності системи вищої освіти КНР
Authors: Цзінпінь Лі , Мирончук Анатолій
Published: May 2023

У статті аналізуються внутрішні передумови міжнародної конкурентоспроможності системи вищої освіти КНР. Виокремлено основні напрямки державної політики КНР, спрямовані на підвищення конкурентоспроможності національної системи вищої освіти. З’ясована роль факторів конкурентоспроможності у сучасній освітній парадигмі Китаю. Простежено роль центрального уряду країни у просуванні політики щодо прискорення академічного вдосконалення та досягнення китайськими університетами статусу світового рівня.
OUN(m) Underground Activities on Transnistria Governorate Territory (1941-1944)
Authors: Ilnytskyi Vasyl , Antoniuk Yaroslav
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal the origin, development and activity of the branches of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists under the leadership of Andriy Melnyk (hereinafter – OUN(m)) in the territory of Transnistria (1941-1944).

The scientific novelty: it has been proven that the initiative to build this network belonged to the Kyiv regional branch of the OUN(m). It was found that in terms of the number of members and the intensity of work, the «Melnykivtsi» regional leadership was significantly inferior to the «Banderivtsi» regional leadership, and it mainly operated in Odesa and its suburbs (separate branches were created in Odesa, western Mykolaiv Oblast, and southern Vinnytsia), had about ten active members, who had their own influence groups. It was established that the main areas of work were the distribution of propaganda literature and the attraction of new members. In foreign policy, the «Melnykivtsi» of Transnistria focused on an alliance with the Germans and wanted the unification of all Ukrainian lands.

Conclusions. To sum up, the first OUN(m) members arrived in Transnistria in September 1941. However, they did not form their own network and partially joined the OUN(b). Fedir Krykun («Morskyi»), who arrived from Kyiv, was the first to start organizational work in the early 1942. In his activities he relied on the procurement cooperative.

The Odesa regional branch of the OUN(m), created by «Morskyi», included about ten people. They were mostly from the Ukrainian intelligentsia of Odesa and several among them were Soviet agents. In the summer of 1942, the OUN(m) members of Transnistria managed to establish permanent communication with the National leadership in Bucharest. From the leadership they periodically received propaganda literature and funds. Gradually, the OUN(m) developed its own network in Odesa, as well as in many regions of Transnistria. Most of its members had no idea that they belonged to that branch of the once unified OUN organization. In terms of the number of members and the scale of its activity, it was significantly inferior to the OUN(b).

Despite competition between the two branches of the OUN in Transnistria, there was never any open confrontation. The «Melnykivtsi» focused on cooperation with the Germans, and the «Banderivtsi» focused first on their own forces and later on an alliance with the Romanians. There were repeated occasions when the OUN(m) members switched to the competitors side. Before the return of the Soviet government a part of «Melnykivtsi» of Transnistria moved to Romania. The rest of them were arrested by the NKVS-NKDB agencies, given long prison terms or the death penalty.
When Students Rewrite History: A Twistory Project for Schools, Museums, and Archives
Authors: Knüsel Ariane
Published: May 2023

Twistory (twitter + history) projects encourage creativity and critical thinking by allowing students to research topics they are interested in and turning them into digital timelines. This article describes a twistory project that was created as a collaborative project between a Swiss public secondary school, a museum, and an archive. The project tries to make history come alive for students by turning them into historians, allowing them to research museum objects or archival documents and writing historical narratives about them. Their findings are uploaded in chronological order onto social media with corresponding blogs on the school’s website, resulting in a digital timeline that consists of historical narratives of museum objects and archival records written by students. The article explains how the project works; how the collaboration between the school, museum, and archive developed; and how each institution benefits from such a project. Twistory projects are exciting new ways for museums to engage with students and participate in digitized culture. They also turn students into storytellers and history detectives. They learn how museums and archives work and how to deal with primary sources, do research, write academic papers, and present their work to a public audience. Furthermore, students realize that “history” is not a definitive story that has already been written but that there is an infinite number of fascinating “histories”—depending on the sources considered and the questions asked.
The Power of Play: Game Pedagogy and Engaged Learning
Authors: Epting Susan , Hodges Amanda
Published: May 2023

It is challenging to balance content delivery while also inspiring student engagement. This article discusses how instructors in secondary and higher education settings can equip students with content knowledge, improve critical reading and communications skills, and help them engage with one another by using story cubes and role-playing games. It also addresses the academic benefits of game pedagogies in liberal arts classrooms.
Workshop Pencucian Luka Kaki Diabetik Menggunakan Bahan Alam bagi Perawat di Puskesmas Mapane, Kabupaten Poso, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Manggasa Dafrosia Darmi , Suharto Dewi Nurviana , Supirno Supirno
Published: May 2023

Wound care of diabetic foot ulcer by Public Health Center nurses still use povidone iodine and rivanol which are toxic to tissues. Innovations in wound care including the use of natural materials have been proven to be effective in accelerating the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of Public Health Center nurses in wound care using natural materials. The implementation method, namely workshops and wound care practices using natural materials, was held for 1 day on July 11 2022 at the Mapane Health Center. The target was Public Health Center nurses, totaling 28 participant. The form of evaluation is measuring the knowledge and skills of nurses before and after the activity. The results showed that the participants knowledge increased from 60.7% to 89.3% and the average skill score increased from 9.04 to 16.14. The conclusion is that after the workshop activities there was an increase in the knowledge and skills of Public Health Center nurses for wound care using natural materials. Suggestions for Public Health Center nurses to be able to utilize natural materials in the diabetic foot wound care.
Efficacy and safety of piperacillin–tazobactam compared with meropenem in treating complicated urinary tract infections including acute pyelonephritis due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yan Chun-Yu , Li Shu-Rui , Fan Ting-Ting , Cao Shan-Shan , Cui Bin , Li Meng-Ying , Fan Bo-Yuan , Ji Bo , Wang Li , Cui Fei , Cui Jia , Wang Lei , Guan Yue , Wang Jing-Wen
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae pose a huge threat to human health, especially in the context of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs). Carbapenems and piperacillin–tazobactam (PTZ) are two antimicrobial agents commonly used to treat cUTIs.

Methods

A monocentric retrospective cohort study focused on the treatment of cUTIs in adults was conducted from January 2019 to November 2021. Patients with a positive urine culture strain yielding ≥ 103 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL), and sensitive to PTZ and carbapenems, were included. The primary endpoint was clinical success after antibiotic therapy. The secondary endpoint included rehospitalization and 90-day recurrence of cUTIs caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Results

Of the 195 patients included in this study, 110 were treated with PTZ while 85 were administered meropenem. The rate of clinical cure was similar between the PTZ and meropenem groups (80% vs. 78.8%, p = 0.84). However, the PTZ group had a lower duration of total antibiotic use (6 vs. 9; p < 0.01), lower duration of effective antibiotic therapy (6 vs. 8; p < 0.01), and lower duration of hospitalization (16 vs. 22; p < 0.01).

Discussion

In terms of adverse events, the safety of PTZ was higher than that of meropenem in the treatment of cUTIs.
Risk prediction model for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization in patients with coronary heart disease based on myocardial energy metabolic substrate
Authors: Na Li , Lin Jia , Kuiwu Yao
Published: May 2023

Background

The early attack of coronary heart disease (CHD) is very hidden, and clinical symptoms generally do not appear until cardiovascular events occur. Therefore, an innovative method is needed to judge the risk of cardiovascular events and guide clinical decision conveniently and sensitively. The purpose of this study is to find out the risk factors related to MACE during hospitalization. In order to develop and verify the prediction model of energy metabolism substrates, and establish a nomogram to predict the incidence of MACE during hospitalization and evaluate their performance.

Methods

The data were collected from the medical record data of Guang'anmen Hospital. This review study was collected the comprehensive clinical data of 5,935 adult patients hospitalized in the cardiovascular department from 2016 to 2021. The outcome index was the MACE during hospitalization. According to the occurrence of MACE during hospitalization, these data were divided into MACE group (n = 2,603) and non-MACE group (n = 425). Logistic regression was used to screen risk factors, and establish the nomogram to predict the risk of MACE during hospitalization. Calibration curve, C index and decision curve were used to evaluate the prediction model, and drawn ROC curve to find the best boundary value of risk factors.

Results

The logistic regression model was used to establish a risk model. Univariate logistic regression model was mainly used to screen the factors significantly related to MACE during hospitalization in the training set (each variable is put into the model in turn). According to the factors with statistical significance in univariate logistic regression, five cardiac energy metabolism risk factors, including age, albumin(ALB), free fatty acid(FFA), glucose(GLU) and apolipoprotein A1(ApoA1), were finally input into the multivariate logistic regression model as the risk model, and their nomogram were drawn. The sample size of the training set was 2,120, the sample size of the validation set was 908. The C index of the training set is 0.655 [0.621,0.689], and the C index of the validation set was 0.674 [0.623,0.724]. The calibration curve and clinical decision curve show that the model performs well. The ROC curve was used to establish the best boundary value of the five risk factors, which could quantitatively present the changes of cardiac energy metabolism substrate, and finally achieved prediction of MACE during hospitalization conveniently and sensitively.

Conclusion

Age, albumin, free fatty acid, glucose and apolipoprotein A1 are independent factors of CHD in MACE during hospitalization. The nomogram based on the above factors of myocardial energy metabolism substrate provides prognosis prediction accurately.
The 3-D shallow velocity structure and sedimentary structure of 2017 Ms6.6 Jinghe earthquake source area derived from dense array observations of ambient noise
Authors: Zhou Ming , Tian Xiaofeng , Yang Zhuoxin , Liu Qiaoxia , Gao Zhanyong
Published: May 2023

To understand the shallow structure and complex sedimentary environment of the 2017 Jinghe Ms6.6 earthquake focal area, we used one mouth of continuous sesimic data from a dense seismic array of 208 short period stations around the earthquake focal area, and applied the ambient noise tomography (ANT) method to image the three-dimensional Shear wave velocity structure at the depth less than 4 km. The shear wave velocity shown clear lateral variations and vertical variations from the surface to the deeper regions and has a tight correlation with surface geological and tectonic features in the study area. Obvious low-velocity anomalies has been presented throughout most of the Jinghe depression, whereas the Borokonu Mountains presented high-velocity anomalies. The thickness of the Cenozoic sedimentary basement in the study area is approximately 1–4 km, and the distribution of thickness is highly uneven. The crystalline basement in the study area has strong bending deformation, and the non-uniform Cenozoic sediments are related to the strong bending deformation of the crystalline basement. The Kusongmuchik piedmont fault is a high-angle thrust fault cutting through the base. There are also many medium low-angle faults, which do not penetrate the surface, which has indicated that they are in a concealed state at present. The results have provided a shallow high-resolution 3D velocity model that can be used in the simulation of strong ground motion and for evaluating potential seismic hazards.
Optimized algorithm of auxiliary drainage scheme in tailings reservoir rainfall prediction: illustrated with a case study
Authors: Mei Guodong , Wang Sha , Guo Lijie
Published: May 2023

Under forecasting rainfall condition, rainfall flows into the tailings pond instantaneously, causing water level rising rapidly, thus threatening the safety of the tailings pond. Therefore, it is of great importance to give auxiliary flood discharge measures in emergency situation. This study investigated the optimized calculation algorithm of two combined schemes of lowering the coverplate of tailing ponds and installing additional drainage pumps to determine the recommended scheme of auxiliary drainage measures for tailing ponds under forecast rainfall and proposed the corresponding prediction and calculation method based on the basic data of the water level-reservoir capacity curve of tailing ponds, forecast rainfall parameters, and flood discharge system parameters. The results showed that compared with the precise algorithm, the optimized algorithm does not need to call the main procedure of flood regulation calculation and is of high calculation efficiency and accuracy, calculation time can be controlled within 0.05s. Through the optimized algorithm, the recommended auxiliary drainage scheme for forecast rainfall can be obtained immediately, which can effectively guide tailing pond flood control and drainage activities during the flood season.
The application of autologous cancer immunotherapies in the age of memory-NK cells
Authors: Lizana-Vasquez Gaby D. , Torres-Lugo Madeline , Dixon R. Brent , Powderly John D. , Warin Renaud F.
Published: May 2023

Cellular immunotherapy has revolutionized the oncology field, yielding improved results against hematological and solid malignancies. NK cells have become an attractive alternative due to their capacity to activate upon recognition of “stress” or “danger” signals independently of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) engagement, thus making tumor cells a perfect target for NK cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy even as an allogeneic solution. While this allogeneic use is currently favored, the existence of a characterized memory function for NK cells (“memory-like” NK cells) advocates for an autologous approach, that would benefit from the allogeneic setting discoveries, but with added persistence and specificity. Still, both approaches struggle to exert a sustained and high anticancer effect in-vivo due to the immunosuppressive tumor micro-environment and the logistical challenges of cGMP production or clinical deployment. Novel approaches focused on the quality enhancement and the consistent large-scale production of highly activated therapeutic memory-like NK cells have yielded encouraging but still unconclusive results. This review provides an overview of NK biology as it relates to cancer immunotherapy and the challenge presented by solid tumors for therapeutic NKs. After contrasting the autologous and allogeneic NK approaches for solid cancer immunotherapy, this work will present the current scientific focus for the production of highly persistent and cytotoxic memory-like NK cells as well as the current issues with production methods as they apply to stress-sensitive immune cells. In conclusion, autologous NK cells for cancer immunotherapy appears to be a prime alternative for front line therapeutics but to be successful, it will be critical to establish comprehensives infrastructures allowing the production of extremely potent NK cells while constraining costs of production.
Open field trials of food-grade gum in California and Oregon as a behavioral control for Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Tait Gabriella , Zhu Tingyu , Klick Jimmy , Ganjisaffar Fatemeh , Castillo Claira , Kennedy Ryan , Thomas Hillary , Adams Christopher , Pfab Ferdinand , Mermer Serhan , Mirandola Enrico , Xue Lan , Zalom Frank G. , Seagraves Michael , Walton Vaughn M.
Published: May 2023

The invasion of Drosophila suzukii, spotted-wing drosophila, across Europe and the US has led to economic losses for berry and cherry growers, and increased insecticide applications to protect fruit from damage. Commercial production relies heavily on unsustainable use of conventional toxic insecticides. Non-toxic insecticide strategies are necessary to alleviate the disadvantages and non-target impacts of toxic conventional insecticides and improve Integrated Pest Management (IPM). A novel food-grade gum deployed on dispenser pads (GUM dispensers) was evaluated to mitigate D. suzukii crop damage in five commercial crops and nine locations. Trials were conducted at a rate of 124 dispensers per hectare in cherry, wine grape, blueberry, raspberry, and blackberry in California and Oregon, USA during 2019 and 2020. The majority of trials with the food-grade gum resulted in a reduction of D. suzukii egg laying in susceptible fruit. In some cases, such damage was reduced by up to 78%. Overall, results from our meta-analysis showed highly significant differences between GUM treatments and the untreated control. Modeling simulations suggest a synergistic reduction of D. suzukii damage when used in combination with Spinosad (Entrust SC) insecticide. These data illustrate commercial value of this tool as a sustainable alternative to manage D. suzukii populations within a systems approach.
Correlation between inflammatory marker and lipid metabolism in patients with uterine leiomyomas
Authors: Duan Yanan , Guo Lizhu , Peng Yiqing , Shi Xiuling , Zhao Ying , Liu Kunyan , Zhou Runsheng , Fu Junjie , Peng Cunxu
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Obesity is a risk factor for the development of uterine leiomyoma (UL), and the inflammatory response plays a key role in the pathogenesis of UL. Our objective was to assess whether there was an independent relationship between inflammatory markers and triglycerides (TG) in patients with UL.

Methods

1,477 UL participants who were hospitalized at the Jining Medical University between January 2016 and December 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study. The independent and dependent variables measured at baseline were inflammatory markers and TG levels, respectively. The covariates were age, body mass index (BMI), UL and menstrual status. Based on the number of fibroids, the study population was divided into Single-group and Multiple-group.

Results

Univariate and multiple regression analyses and stratified analyses revealed significant positive correlations between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune inflammation index and TG, and significant negative correlations between monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and TG.

Conclusion

The findings show a significant correlation between the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism levels in UL patients. This provides direction for further research into the pathophysiology of UL and also helps to formulate hypotheses for predictive models of UL.
Case Report: Pancreatic and hepatic kaposiform hemangioendothelioma presenting as consumptive coagulopathy and right hepatic atrophy
Authors: Ai Chengbo , Qiu Tong , Zhou Jiangyuan , Wang Chuan , Song Jiulin , Pu Siyu , Jin Shuguang
Published: May 2023

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that causes progressive angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, which often occurs in the skin or soft tissue, with an acute onset and rapid progression. A 4-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital with a 2-year history of thrombocytopenia, combined with right hepatic atrophy and pancreatic lesion for 3 months. At the age of two, she developed purpura and thrombocytopenia was detected, after treatment with gamma globulin and corticosteroids, the platelet count normalized, but it dropped immediately at lower doses. One year after the cessation of corticosteroids therapy, the patient presented with abdominal pain and abnormal liver function and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed right hepatic atrophy and pancreatic occupancy, but the first liver biopsy did not reveal any positive pathological results. By analyzing the clinical manifestations in conjunction with MRI and abnormal coagulation, we considered that the patient might be diagnosed as KHE with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, however, sirolimus treatment was ineffective and pancreatic biopsy only showed a tendency for tumors of vascular origin. Finally, we performed a Whipple operation after the right hepatic artery embolization, histological and immunohistochemical examination suggested KHE. Three months postoperatively, the patient’s liver function, pancreatic enzymes and blood clotting function gradually returned to normal. KHEs may result in significant blood loss with worsening of the coagulopathy and functional impairment, timely surgical intervention for KHE is necessary when non-invasive or minimally invasive treatment is ineffective, or the symptoms of tumor compression are obvious.
Current perspectives on the management of patients with advanced RET-driven thyroid cancer in Europe
Authors: Elisei Rossella , Grande Enrique , Kreissl Michael C. , Leboulleux Sophie , Puri Tarun , Fasnacht Nicolas , Capdevila Jaume
Published: May 2023

The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide with the disease burden in Europe second only to that in Asia. In the last several decades, molecular pathways central to the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer have revealed a spectrum of targetable kinases/kinase receptors and oncogenic drivers characteristic of each histologic subtype, such as differentiated thyroid cancer, including papillary, follicular, and medullary thyroid cancer. Oncogenic alterations identified include B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) fusions and mutations, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions, and rearranged during transfection (RET) receptor tyrosine kinase fusion and mutations. Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) targeting RET in addition to multiple other kinases, such as sorafenib, lenvatinib and cabozantinib, have shown favourable activity in advanced radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer or RET-altered medullary thyroid cancer; however, the clinical utility of MKI RET inhibition is limited by off-target toxicity resulting in high rates of dose reduction and drug discontinuation. Newer and selective RET inhibitors, selpercatinib and pralsetinib, have demonstrated potent efficacy and favourable toxicity profiles in clinical trials in the treatment of RET-driven advanced thyroid cancer and are now a therapeutic option in some clinical settings. Importantly, the optimal benefits of available specific targeted treatments for advanced RET-driven thyroid cancer require genetic testing. Prior to the initiation of systemic therapy, and in treatment-naïve patients, RET inhibitors may be offered as first-line therapy if a RET alteration is found, supported by a multidisciplinary team approach.
Educational level-dependent melanoma awareness in a high-risk population in Switzerland
Authors: Mueller Alina Miriam , Goessinger Elisabeth Victoria , Cerminara Sara Elisa , Kostner Lisa , Amaral Margarida , Huber Stephanie Marie , Passweg Lea Pauline , Moreno Laura Garcia , Bodenmann Daniel , Kunz Michael , Levesque Mitchell Paul , Maul Julia-Tatjana , Cheng Phil Fang , Navarini Alexander Andreas , Maul Lara Valeska
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The worldwide incidence of melanoma has been increasing rapidly in recent decades with Switzerland having one of the highest rates in Europe. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main risk factors for skin cancer. Our objective was to investigate UV protective behavior and melanoma awareness in a high-risk cohort for melanoma.

Methods

In this prospective monocentric study, we assessed general melanoma awareness and UV protection habits in at-risk patients (≥100 nevi, ≥5 dysplastic nevi, known CDKN2A mutation, and/or positive family history) and melanoma patients using questionnaires.

Results

Between 01/2021 and 03/ 2022, a total of 269 patients (53.5% at-risk patients, 46.5% melanoma patients) were included. We observed a significant trend toward using a higher sun protection factor (SPF) in melanoma patients compared with at-risk patients (SPF 50+: 48% [n=60] vs. 26% [n=37]; p=0.0016). Those with a college or university degree used a high SPF significantly more often than patients with lower education levels (p=0.0007). However, higher educational levels correlated with increased annual sun exposure (p=0.041). Neither a positive family history for melanoma, nor gender or Fitzpatrick skin type influenced sun protection behavior. An age of ≥ 50 years presented as a significant risk factor for melanoma development with an odd’s ratio of 2.32. Study participation resulted in improved sun protection behavior with 51% reporting more frequent sunscreen use after study inclusion.

Discussion

UV protection remains a critical factor in melanoma prevention. We suggest that melanoma awareness should continue to be raised through public skin cancer prevention campaigns with a particular focus on individuals with low levels of education.
Functional status of pediatric patients with trauma and risk factors for mortality from a single center in China
Authors: Yang Yu-Hang , Zhang Tie-Ning , Yang Ni , Xu Wei , Wang Li-Jie , Gao Shan-Yan , Liu Chun-Feng
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The influence of reduced functional status has become increasingly relevant because of the gradual decline in mortality rate over the recent years. Nonetheless, only a few studies investigating the functional status of patients with trauma at hospital discharge have been conducted. This study aimed to identify the risk factors influencing the mortality rate in pediatric trauma survivors at a pediatric intensive care unit and analyze their functional status using the Functional Status Scale (FSS).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. Children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between January 2015 and January 2020 who met the trauma diagnostic criteria were included. The FSS score and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) were recorded upon admission and discharge, respectively. Clinical data were compared between the survival and non-survival groups to identify the risk factors for poor prognosis. The risk factors for mortality were identified using multivariate and univariate analyses.

Results

A total of 246 children {59.8%, male; median [interquartile range (IQR)] age: 3 [1–7] years} were diagnosed with trauma (including head trauma, chest trauma, abdominal trauma, and extremity trauma). Of these patients, 207 were discharged, 11 dropped out mid-treatment, and 39 died (hospital mortality rate, 15.9%). Upon admission, the median FSS and trauma scores were 14 (IQR, 11–18) and 22 (IQR, 14–33) points, respectively. At discharge, the FSS score was 8 (IQR, 6–10) points. The patient clinical status improved with a ΔFSS score of −4 (IQR, −7, 0) points. At hospital discharge, 119 (48.3%), 47 (19.1%), 27 (11.0%), 12 (4.8%), and 2 (0.9%) survivors had good, mildly abnormal, moderately abnormal, severely abnormal, and very severely abnormal function, respectively. Reduced functional status in patients was categorized as follows: motor, 46.4%; feeding, 26.1%; sensory, 23.2%; mental, 18.4%; and communication, 17.9%. In the univariate analysis, ISS >25 points, shock, respiratory failure, and coma were independently associated with the mortality rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that the ISS was an independent risk factor for mortality.

Conclusion

The mortality rate of patients with trauma was high. ISS was an independent risk factor for mortality. Mildly reduced functional status remained at discharge and was reported in nearly half of the discharged patients. Motor and feeding functions were the most severely impacted domains.
Growth of late preterm infants fed nutrient-enriched formula to 120 days corrected age—A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Best Karen P. , Yelland Lisa N. , Collins Carmel T. , McPhee Andrew J. , Rogers Geraint B. , Choo Jocelyn , Gibson Robert A. , Murguia-Peniche Teresa , Varghese Jojy , Cooper Timothy R. , Makrides Maria
Published: May 2023

Objectives

We aimed to compare the effects of nutrient-enriched formula with standard term formula on rate of body weight gain of late preterm infants appropriately grown for gestational age.

Study design

A multi-center, randomized, controlled trial. Late preterm infants (34–37 weeks' gestation), with weight appropriate for gestational age (AGA), were randomized to nutrient enriched formula (NEF) with increased calories (22 kcal/30 ml) from protein, added bovine milk fat globule membrane, vitamin D and butyrate or standard term formula 20 kcal/30 ml (STF). Breastfed term infants were enrolled as an observational reference group (BFR). Primary outcome was rate of body weight gain from enrollment to 120 days corrected age (d/CA). Planned sample size was 100 infants per group. Secondary outcomes included body composition, weight, head circumference and length gain, and medically confirmed adverse events to 365 d/CA.

Results

The trial was terminated early due to recruitment challenges and sample size was substantially reduced. 40 infants were randomized to NEF (n = 22) and STF (n = 18). 39 infants were enrolled in the BFR group. At 120 d/CA there was no evidence of a difference in weight gain between randomized groups (mean difference 1.77 g/day, 95% CI, −1.63 to 5.18, P = 0.31). Secondary outcomes showed a significant reduction in risk of infectious illness in the NEF group at 120 d/CA [relative risk 0.37 (95% CI, 0.16–0.85), P = 0.02].

Conclusion

We saw no difference in rate of body weight gain between AGA late preterm infants fed NEF compared to STF. Results should be interpreted with caution due to small sample size.

Clinical Trial Registration

The Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12618000092291). “mailto:maria.makrides@sahmri.com” maria.makrides@sahmri.com.
Applying single cell multi-omic analyses to understand treatment resistance in pediatric high grade glioma
Authors: Murdaugh Rebecca L. , Anastas Jamie N.
Published: May 2023

Despite improvements in cancer patient outcomes seen in the past decade, tumor resistance to therapy remains a major impediment to achieving durable clinical responses. Intratumoral heterogeneity related to genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolic differences between individual cancer cells has emerged as a driver of therapeutic resistance. This cell to cell heterogeneity can be assessed using single cell profiling technologies that enable the identification of tumor cell clones that exhibit similar defining features like specific mutations or patterns of DNA methylation. Single cell profiling of tumors before and after treatment can generate new insights into the cancer cell characteristics that confer therapeutic resistance by identifying intrinsically resistant sub-populations that survive treatment and by describing new cellular features that emerge post-treatment due to tumor cell evolution. Integrative, single cell analytical approaches have already proven advantageous in studies characterizing treatment-resistant clones in cancers where pre- and post-treatment patient samples are readily available, such as leukemia. In contrast, little is known about other cancer subtypes like pediatric high grade glioma, a class of heterogeneous, malignant brain tumors in children that rapidly develop resistance to multiple therapeutic modalities, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation. Leveraging single cell multi-omic technologies to analyze naïve and therapy-resistant glioma may lead to the discovery of novel strategies to overcome treatment resistance in brain tumors with dismal clinical outcomes. In this review, we explore the potential for single cell multi-omic analyses to reveal mechanisms of glioma resistance to therapy and discuss opportunities to apply these approaches to improve long-term therapeutic response in pediatric high grade glioma and other brain tumors with limited treatment options.
Effect of rapid weight loss on mood states and burnout of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes during a competitive process
Authors: Bueno João Carlos Alves , Silva Rodrigo Batalha , Diotaiuti Pierluigi , Andreato Leonardo Vidal , Andrade Alexandro
Published: May 2023

The current study aimed to analyze the psychological alterations resulting from rapid weight loss in the mood states and burnout of male Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. For the purpose of this study, 31 Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes participated, divided into two groups (RWLG: rapid weight loss group and CG: control group). Data collections were performed at three moments (1: baseline, before weight loss; 2: weigh-in, during the official competition; and 3: recovery, 7 to 10 days after the competition), with application of the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Considering the outcomes, for body mass, the athletes from RWLG presented mean reductions of 3.5 kg (4.2% of the initial body mass). For mood states, both groups (RWLG and CG) presented a moment effect for tension and confusion, with higher levels during weigh-in compared to baseline and recovery (p < 0.05). For burnout, both groups showed low levels of burnout, with no effect of moment, group, or interaction in the analyses (p > 0.05). Based on these results, it is concluded that weight loss, in the magnitude performed in this study, did not generate an additional impact on mood or level of burnout in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes during a competitive process.
Validity and reliability of a Chinese language suicide screening questionnaire-observer rating (CL-SSQ-OR) assessment for children/adolescents
Authors: Yu Haiping , Tian Hongjun , Fang Tao , Zhang Qiuyu , Wang Lina , Ma Xiaoyan , Li Ranli , Cheng Langlang , Zhuo Chuanjun
Published: May 2023

Background

A Suicide Screening Questionnaire-Observer Rating (SSQ-OR) has been used to assess risk of suicide among individuals and to help clinicians identify and rescue individuals attempting suicide. To prevent the risk of suicide in China, a Chinese language SSQ-OR (CL-SSQ-OR) needs to be introduced.

Objective

To test the validity and reliability of a CL-SSQ-OR.

Method

A total of 250 individuals were enrolled in this study. Each completed a CL-SSQ-OR assessment, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was adopted to determine structural validity. Spearman correlation coefficients were adopted to determine criterion validity. An internal correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to test inter-consistency and Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test split-half reliability.

Results

CFA was conducted with use of the maximum variance method to evaluate the item results. All of the items received scores >0.40. In addition, good model fit indices were observed for the two-factor structure RMSEA = 0.046, TLI = 0.965, CFI = 0.977. The items’ factor loading of the CL-SSQ-OR in the first factor ranged from 0.443 to 0.878. The items’ factor loading of the CL-SSQ-OR in the second factor ranged from 0.400 to 0.810. The ICC of the total CL-SSQ-OR was 0.855. Cronbach’s α was 0.873.

Conclusion

The CL-SSQ-OR described here demonstrates ideal psychometric properties and is found to be a suitable tool for screening Chinese children/adolescents who are at risk of suicide.