bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Construction and Adoption of Beauty Standard by Youth Female as the Consumer of K-Beauty Products in Indonesia
Authors: Nagara Muhamad Rizki Nugraha Darma , Nurhajati Lestari
Published: August 2022

Every culture has its own definition of beauty. Culture is concerned with the process of how knowledge shapes individuals in constructing and interpreting their world. The two lines of thought in this thesis are the concept of culture and the amount of consumption of beauty products in Indonesia which focuses on the shift of local beauty products to Korean beauty products by Indonesian women of generation Z. The theory of social reality construction is used to analyze Generation Z female consumers regarding K-beauty products which depict their beauty standards. This research uses constructivism paradigm and social reality construction theory as a way to analyze this topic. This is because this study analyzes the construction of the concept of beauty standards for young Indonesian women who are consumers of Korean beauty products, and analyzes how they adopt and perceive the concept of beauty standards. One-on-one interviews were conducted with selected informants. There are three main informants and 2 supporting informants. The results show that social media, TV, movies, advertisements, communities, and key opinion leaders have contributed to setting beauty standards. The Korean wave has played a significant role in shifting the existing beauty standards. The influx of new beauty products and the portrayal of the ideal skin type gave rise to a new agreement on beauty standards by certain communities.
Constrained Reference Star Differential Imaging: Enabling High-fidelity Imagery of Highly Structured Circumstellar Disks
*
Authors: Lawson Kellen , Currie Thayne , Wisniewski John P. , Groff Tyler D. , McElwain Michael W. , Schlieder Joshua E.
Published: August 2022

High-contrast imaging presents us with the opportunity to study circumstellar disks and the planets still embedded within them, providing key insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems. However, the postprocessing techniques that are often needed to suppress stellar halo light typically result in significant and variable loss of circumstellar light, even when using relatively conservative approaches like reference star differential imaging (RDI). We introduce “constrained reference star differential imaging” (constrained RDI), a new class of RDI point-spread-function (PSF) subtraction techniques for systems with circumstellar disks. Constrained RDI utilizes either high-resolution polarized-intensity (PI) images or disk models to severely limit or even eliminate the signal loss due to oversubtraction that is common to RDI. We demonstrate the ability of constrained RDI utilizing polarimetric data to yield an oversubtraction-free detection of the AB Aurigae protoplanetary disk in total intensity. PI-constrained RDI allows us to decisively recover the spectral signature of the confirmed, recently discovered protoplanet, AB Aurigae b. We further demonstrate that constrained RDI can be a powerful analysis tool for soon-to-be-acquired James Webb Space Telescope coronagraphic imaging of disks. In both cases, constrained RDI provides analysis-ready products that enable more detailed studies of disks and more robust verification of embedded exoplanets.
Avoiding a Cluster Catastrophe: Retention Efficiency and the Binary Black Hole Mass Spectrum
Authors: Zevin Michael , Holz Daniel E.
Published: August 2022

The population of binary black hole mergers identified through gravitational waves has uncovered unexpected features in the intrinsic properties of black holes in the universe. One particularly surprising and exciting result is the possible existence of black holes in the pair-instability mass gap, ∼50–120 M
⊙. Dense stellar environments can populate this region of mass space through hierarchical mergers, with the retention efficiency of black hole merger products strongly dependent on the escape velocity of the host environment. We use simple toy models to represent hierarchical merger scenarios in various dynamical environments. We find that hierarchical mergers in environments with high escape velocities (≳300 km s−1) are efficiently retained. If such environments dominate the binary black hole merger rate, this would lead to an abundance of high-mass mergers that is potentially incompatible with the empirical mass spectrum from the current catalog of binary black hole mergers. Models that efficiently generate hierarchical mergers, and contribute significantly to the observed population, must therefore be tuned to avoid a “cluster catastrophe” of overproducing binary black hole mergers within and above the pair-instability mass gap.
Galactic Winds and Bubbles from Nuclear Starburst Rings
Authors: Nguyen Dustin D. , Thompson Todd A.
Published: August 2022

Galactic outflows from local starburst galaxies typically exhibit a layered geometry, with cool 104 K flow sheathing a hotter 107 K, cylindrically collimated, X-ray-emitting plasma. Here we argue that winds driven by energy injection in a ring-like geometry can produce this distinctive large-scale multiphase morphology. The ring configuration is motivated by the observation that massive young star clusters are often distributed in a ring at the host galaxy’s inner Lindblad resonance, where larger-scale spiral arm structure terminates. We present parameterized three-dimensional radiative hydrodynamical simulations that follow the emergence and dynamics of energy-driven hot winds from starburst rings. In this letter, we show that the flow shocks on itself within the inner ring hole, maintaining high 107 K temperatures, while flows that emerge from the wind-driving ring unobstructed can undergo rapid bulk cooling down to 104 K, producing a fast hot biconical outflow enclosed by a sheath of cooler nearly comoving material without ram pressure acceleration. The hot flow is collimated along the ring axis, even in the absence of pressure confinement from a galactic disk or magnetic fields. In the early stages of expansion, the emerging wind forms a bubble-like shape reminiscent of the Milky Way’s eROSITA and Fermi bubbles and can reach velocities usually associated with active-galactic-nucleus-driven winds. We discuss the physics of the ring configuration, the conditions for radiative bulk cooling, and the implications for future X-ray observations.
Typhon: A Polar Stream from the Outer Halo Raining through the Solar Neighborhood
Authors: Tenachi Wassim , Oria Pierre-Antoine , Ibata Rodrigo , Famaey Benoit , Yuan Zhen , Arentsen Anke , Martin Nicolas , Viswanathan Akshara
Published: August 2022

We report on the discovery in the Gaia DR3 astrometric and spectroscopic catalog of a new polar stream that is found as an overdensity in action space. This structure is unique as it has an extremely large apocenter distance, reaching beyond 100 kpc, and yet is detected as a coherent moving structure in the solar neighborhood with a width of ∼4 kpc. A subsample of these stars that was fortuitously observed by LAMOST has a mean spectroscopic metallicity of

〈
[
Fe

/

H
]
〉
=
−

1.60

−
0.16

+
0.15

dex and possesses a resolved metallicity dispersion of

σ
(
[
Fe

/

H
]
)
=

0.32

−
0.06

+
0.17

dex. The physical width of the stream, the metallicity dispersion, and the vertical action spread indicate that the progenitor was a dwarf galaxy. The existence of such a coherent and highly radial structure at their pericenters in the vicinity of the Sun suggests that many other dwarf galaxy fragments may be lurking in the outer halo.
The Geologic Impact of 16 Psyche’s Surface Temperatures
Authors: Bierson Carver J. , Elkins-Tanton Linda T. , O’Rourke Joseph G.
Published: August 2022

NASA’s Discovery mission Psyche will soon be launched to visit the asteroid 16 Psyche. In this work, we model the surface temperatures of 16 Psyche. Our modeling is focused on capturing the diurnal and seasonal surface temperature variations caused by 16 Psyche’s large obliquity (95°) and moderately high eccentricity (0.134). Using a semianalytic framework, we predict that large thermal variations (including at the poles) can cause cracking of boulders leading to a porous surface regolith. This prediction is consistent with a high-porosity surface regolith inferred from thermal inertia measurements. We also find that water ice is not likely to be stable at any latitude.
Water quality assessment of Dodiongan Falls in Bonbonon, Iligan City, Philippines
Authors: Cabello Cyril A. , Canini Nelfa D. , Lluisma Barbara C.
Published: August 2022

Water is an essential element that sustains life on this planet, yet it is threatened by human activities. With little attention paid to the waterfall as a source of a domestic water supply and a tourist spot for recreation, this study was designed to investigate one of the waterfalls in Iligan City, Philippines: Dodiongan Falls. The location of the study is a neighborhood of the city garbage dumpsite that due to an uncontrollable situation, releases dark-colored secretion from the treatment box as has been verified by the residents in the area; this posed a threat to their food security and livelihood. Assessing the physicochemical parameters, heavy metal concentration and Escherichia coli counts is very crucial in interpreting its water quality. All parameters such as the pH, alkalinity, turbidity, lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and the E. Coli test were done following the standard procedures. The results revealed that the pH, alkalinity, turbidity, total lead (less than 0.01 mg/L) and total mercury concentration (less than 0.001 mg/L) at the three sites were in conformity with the guidelines of the World Health Organization and Philippine national water quality standards. However, the E. Coli count has increased downstream from 220 to 1,600 MPN per 100 ml, which exceeded the standard limit. With these findings, it is paramount that the creation of a management plan be initiated as soon as possible by the different governmental agencies in order to bring back the life of Dodiongan Falls.
Asymptotic behavior of plate equations with memory driven by colored noise on unbounded domains
Authors: Yao Xiao Bin , Yue Chan
Published: August 2022

The paper investigates mainly the asymptotic behavior of the non-autonomous random dynamical systems generated by the plate equations with memory driven by colored noise defined on $ \mathbb{R}^n $. Firstly, we prove the well-posedness of the equation in the natural energy space. Secondly, we define a continuous cocycle associated with the solution operator. Finally, we establish the existence and uniqueness of random attractors of the equation by the uniform tail-ends estimates methods and the splitting technique.
The generation mechanism of Turing-pattern in a Tree-grass competition model with cross diffusion and time delay
Authors: Su Rina , Zhang Chunrui
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study the general mechanism of Turing-pattern in a tree-grass competition model with cross diffusion and time delay. The properties of four equilibrium points, the existence of Hopf bifurcation and the sufficient conditions for Turing instability caused by cross-diffusion are analyzed, respectively. The amplitude equation of tree-grass competition model is derived by using multi-scale analysis method, and its nonlinear stability is studied. The sensitivity analysis also verified that fire frequency plays a key role in tree-grass coexistence equilibrium. Finally, the Turing pattern of tree-grass model obtained by numerical simulation is consistent with the spatial structure of tree-grass density distribution observed in Hulunbuir grassland, China.
Enhancement of Student Attentiveness Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Aruna S. , Kuchibhotla Swarna
Published: August 2022

The cognitive state of mind helps us to perceive various kinds of information which can aid us in inferring various insights. Emotion recognition has been a prominent field of study which helps us to get insights into the cognitive state of mind. There have been various prior works done in the field of emotion recognition which has their applications in the fields of education, marketing, analysis, etc. Having access to such information allows us to draw insights. Though there have been various models made, there hasn't been much focus on improving the features of an image that define an emotion. The paper which we propose is to use image processing techniques on the images which would enhance the quality of the images and make them run under a convolutional neural network (CNN) along with eye tracking system to track the gaze of a student in order to identify the attentivity of a student. The dataset being used for this experiment is the FEC dataset which contains a set of 35000 images of 48 x 48 size. Experimentally determined results have resulted in achieving an accuracy of 94%.
Sperm processing techniques for Intra-Uterine Insemination
Authors: Raguraman S. , Jeyendran R. , Sukirthan T.
Published: August 2022

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) remains safe, simple relatively cost effective and a valuable initial treatment option, especially in low resource settings for selected group of patients before embarking to assisted reproduction technology treatment. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) does not include assisted insemination by sperm from either a woman’s partner or a donor. Numerous factors are influencing the success rate of IUI. However, sperm processing method is a modifiable factor in an induvial basis to achieve good success rate. Aim of sperm processing methods are to target analogously and effectively filter progressively motile and morphologically normal sperm from the overall sample population resulted an enriched sperm population with higher fertilizing potential. WHO recommended sperm processing methods are usually adopted in Sri Lanka and major categories are Sperm Migration Method, Density Gradient Centrifugation Method and Column Adherence Method. Each methods have advantages and limitations in clinical practice. Therefore, andrologist and fertility specialist need to decide the best possible sperm processing method for a particular couple for optimal success rate of IUI treatment according to the clinical assessment and sperm quality and quantity.
Cyanide poisoning- an update
Authors: Mayorathan U.
Published: August 2022

Acute cyanide (CN) poisoning leads to deterioration of body functions and often results in death. It can be accidental, suicidal, and at times homicidal. Since the historical period, CN has been the cause for several deaths, including fire accidents, industrial waste leakage, suicides of famous persons, and planned massacres. Several sources can lead to CN poisonings, such as smoke from the fire, mining and other industries, nitriles, and plants. The primary function of CN is to inhibit the cytochrome oxidase a3 enzyme due to the high binding affinity of CN to the ferric iron found in the haem moiety of the cytochrome oxidase a3 leads to uncoupling the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting the cellular respiration. Clinical signs and symptoms are primarily dose-related and range from gastrointestinal involvement to coma and death. In addition to decontaminating the poison and essential supportive treatment, effective antidotes are available. Last six years, fifteen Fatalities following CN poisoning were reported at Teaching Hospital, Jaffna. Social support and an adequate legal framework for controlling CN-containing substances could reduce the burden of cyanide toxicity.
Anatomical variations in the origin of the superior thyroid artery
Authors: Niranjan Romini
Published: August 2022

Superior thyroid artery (STA) is first and lowest branch of external carotid artery (ECA) and it supplies thyroid, parathyroid, upper larynx and neck region. The STA origins either from ECA, common carotid artery (CCA) or its bifurcation level. Various researchers have reported differences in its origin. The STA commencing from the ECA is comparatively more in Indian and Ethiopian but its derivation from CCA bifurcation point is more in Turkey and Korean. Origin of STA in relative to upper border of thyroid cartilage is used as a landmark. The CCA bifurcates into external and internal carotid arteries at same level and occasionally bifurcates at a higher or lower level than its usual site. Origin of STA from CCA is associated with high bifurcation and its origin from the ECA is related with the low CCA division. Comparatively STA origin from CCA or its bifurcation level is more on right side. The CCA developed from third aortic arch and any alteration in development of aortic arches might also contribute to these variations. The STA is an artery of abundant clinical significance and it is recommended to do detailed study of its origin, course, branches, size, and positional relation with the external laryngeal nerve, hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage. Understanding of these variations is immense importance in academic and clinical arena for planning and performing surgical procedures in neck region.
Risk factors leading to preterm deliveries among the mothers in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Sathees S. , Sathiadas M. G. , Surenthirakumaran R. , Arasaratnam V.
Published: August 2022

Health status of pregnant woman is associated with the risk of preterm delivery. An institutional-based descriptive study was conducted among 173 mothers who delivered preterm babies at the Teaching Hospital, Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Median gestational age of the preterm babies was 35.0 (±1.9) weeks. The mean birth weight of the preterm babies was 2.2 (±0.6) kg, and 54.3% of preterm babies were males. Nearly half of the mothers (54.9%) did not have complications during pregnancy, while pre-rupture of membrane (25.4%) and hypertension (13.3%) were in higher prevalence among those who had the complications. The risk factors of very preterm deliveries observed were the mothers who were primies (OR: 3.021), the mothers who maintained interpregnancy interval of <1 year (OR:1.117), had sexual intercourse before two weeks of delivery (OR:1.607) and were diagnosed with pregnancy complications (OR:1.695). The prevalence of very preterm birth is low. However, based on the risk factors linked to very preterm identified by this study, implementation of interventions focusing on improving the profile of the pregnant mothers may serve as a protective factor for reducing very preterm birth.
A cadaveric study on variation in branching pattern of common carotid artery
Authors: Niranjan Romini , Sharma S. T.
Published: August 2022

Carotid arterial system are vessels of head and neck region. Comprehensive understanding on its branching configuration is of considerable importance to avoid accidental injury during surgical interventions. Common carotid artery (CCA) usually bifurcates into external carotid artery (ECA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) at level of upper border of thyroid cartilage. Normally ECA lies anteromedial to ICA at its commencement and provides branches, but ICA does not provide any branches in neck. In this case, right CCA bifurcated above cricoid cartilage and divided into two branches of equal diameter in a middle-aged female cadaver. Medial one does not provide any branch and it appeared pale. It continued upward, entered carotid canal and it was confirmed as ICA. The ECA was found lateral to right ICA both in its origin and course. ECA provided lingual, facial and occipital branches. Superior thyroid artery was not identified, and it might be accidently damaged during dissection. It was noticed ECA was a content of carotid sheath. Vagus nerve first found between IJV and CCA and subsequently located between IJV and ECA. Third aortic arch contributed to development of CCA, leading part of ICA and entire part of ECA. Remaining part of ICA was developed from cranial portion of dorsal aorta. Therefore, any embryological deficiency in third aortic arch, dorsal aorta or changes inside of origin of ECA may lead to alteration in position of these vessels. Understanding vascular anatomy of neck is vital in precise interpretation of radiological images and neck surgeries.
Successful pregnancy outcome following treatment for extensive maxillary mucoepidermoid carcinoma with metastasis –A case report
Authors: Guruparan K. , Wijesinghe Sarath , Muhunthan K.
Published: August 2022

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a locally invasive tumour of the salivary glands and accounts for nearly one third of all malignancies of the major and minor salivary glands. It has a female preponderance and (3:2) common after the third decade of life. Here we report a case of a 32-year-old woman who had successful pregnancy outcome following treatment for extensive maxillary mucoepidermoid carcinoma with metastasis.
Takayasu arteritis: In a middle-aged Sri Lankan male - A case report
Authors: Gnanaruban Gayathri , Sivansuthan S.
Published: August 2022

Takayasu arteritis is a vasculitic condition which affects large and medium sized vessels primarily aorta and its main branches. It is a rare condition affecting females more than males between 10 and 40 years of age with spectrum of clinical presentation. Here we present a case of 58 year old man who presented to us with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms who was eventually diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis.
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: The great imitator
Authors: Vipusuthan T. , Ghetheeswaran S. , Prasanna Y.
Published: August 2022

Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an unusual clinical entity among tropical countries like Srilanka. It follows the self-limiting course with the background of uncertain pathogenesis Here we report a case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with fever with generalized lymphadinitis. The clinical and histological features overlap with infective, autoimmune, and malignant diseases. It slowly resolves the nature and limited exposure to KFD, posing a considerable challenge.
Extensive Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral mucormycosis in kidney transplant recipient associated with COVID-19 infection: A Case Report
Authors: Perera Charith , Senanayake S.
Published: August 2022

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis is an invasive disease caused by fungi. Diabetes mellitus and solid organ transplantation are known risk factors, while it is increasingly recognized in patients with COVID-19 although the exact causal relationship is unknown. Early diagnosis and treatment with liposomal amphotericin B with surgical debridement carries a better outcome in these patients. We present a case of extensive rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis involving the paranasal sinuses, left orbit, cavernous sinus, middle cranial fossa with abscess formation in the left middle cerebellar peduncle in a 46-year-old kidney transplant recipient with concomitant COVID-19 infection.
Memoriam Prof. Kandiah Balasubramaniam (1932-2021)
Authors: Kantha Sachi Sri
Published: August 2022

No abstract available
Transcatheter management of combined patent ductus arteriosus and left pulmonary artery stenosis in congenital rubella syndrome
Authors: Roy Mahua , Gangopadhyay Debasree , Goyel Noopur , Chattopadhyay Amitabha , Bandyopadhyay Biswajit
Published: August 2022

Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is now the standard of care with some exceptions. Best treatment for peripheral pulmonary artery (PA) stenosis in small children is still debatable. Surgical augmentation, balloon dilatation, and stenting are the available options with each having its own risks and limitations. Here, we are reporting complete transcatheter management of three cases of congenital rubella syndrome who had PDA and left branch PA stenosis by device closure and stent placement, with successful outcome in two cases and complication, leading to surgery in one. We also share our understanding of case selection for a better outcome.
Choosing an appropriate size valve for transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation in a native right ventricle outflow tract
Authors: Sivaprakasam Muthukumaran C. , Reddy J. Raja Vijendra , Ganesan Rajaguru , Sridhar Anuradha , Solomon Neville , Moosa Musth Janeel , Lakhani Zeeshan Sakina , Gunasekaran Sengottuvelu
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation has been an effective treatment for dysfuntional right ventricular tract outflow tract (RVOT). Defining a landing zone before the intervention is crucial in patients with native RVOT. Improper sizing and undefined landing zone will lead to embolization.

Methods:

It is a retrospective observational study from August 2020 to December 2020 in native RVOT. Three patients who had significant Right ventricle dilatation were analyzed. The multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) with magnetic resonance imaging and angiography data of all patients before the procedure were analyzed. All patients underwent an angiogram in the same sitting, before the procedure to assess the landing zone, valve diameter as well as the risk for coronary compression. We chose a valve based on valve area 23%–25% more than the area at the waist during balloon sizing.

Results:

All three patients underwent successful valve implantation. Valve sizes used were 27.5 mm in one and 32 mm in the other two. The mean RVOT gradient postprocedure was 11.5 mm Hg and pre procedure was 43 mmHg. There were no complications during the procedure or at a mean follow-up of 3.6 months.

Conclusion:

The balloon sizing gives the true narrowest diameter in comparison with MSCT, and increasing this area by 23%–25% will give the appropriate valve size for successful implantation.
How to do it? Transcatheter correction of superior sinus venosus defects
Authors: Sivakumar Kothandam
Published: August 2022

Superior sinus venosus defect is characterized by varying degrees of override of the atrial septum by the superior vena cava and anomalous right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV) drainage. The defect is seen posterosuperior to the oval fossa and is traditionally corrected by a surgical patch that routes the anomalously draining RUPV to the left atrium. A few postoperative patients develop stenosis or occlusion of the caval or pulmonary vein and/or sick sinus syndrome secondary to vascular injury. This has kindled a recent interest in nonsurgical correction of these defects by the use of a covered stent to reroof the defect. The complex anatomy of this defect often necessitates the use of advanced imaging tools and postprocessing. Countries with restricted resources do not have easy access to technologies such as three-dimensional printed models and advanced processing like virtual reality or holography. This “How to do it?” article, applicable in these countries, explains the current understanding of this intervention, patient selection, step-by-step explanation of the evaluation, and stent implantation.
The Effect of Consuming Chicory Juice by Breastfeeding Mothers on Neonatal Icterus
Authors: Esfarjani Shahla Vaziri , Zinatian Shadi , Salimi Mahin
Published: August 2022

Objective:

Hyperbilirubinemia has been considered one of the most common clinical conditions in newborn babies. As a traditional medicine, chicory distillate may be beneficial in reducing bilirubin. This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of chicory extract on hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.

Methods:

The clinical trial was conducted among 154 participants with hyperbilirubinemia. The study group was selected and randomly divided into the control (n = 77) and intervention (n = 77) groups. In the intervention group, breastfeeding women received a 10% solution of chicory distillate (50 ml every 12 h), whereas, in the control group, the participants received sterile distilled water, 50 ml every 12 h. The infants’ bilirubin level was measured before and 24, 48, and 72 h after the intervention. Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests were run to examine qualitative data, while a t-test was applied for independent variables.

Findings:

There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (P < 0.001). Within each group, a significant difference was found in bilirubin levels among different sampling times (P < 0.001). Although the bilirubin levels reduced during the time intervals in both groups, the reduction rate was significantly higher in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Based on the results, breastfeeding mothers should be aware of including chicory extract in their nutritional programs.

Conclusion:

Chicory extract consumption in breastfeeding mothers can reduce bilirubin in their neonate
Transient splenial lesions of the corpus callosum and infectious diseases
Authors: Yum Kyu Sun , Shin Dong-Ick
Published: August 2022

comTransient splenial lesion of the corpus callosum can be observed in various diseases such as cancer, drug use, metabolic disorders, and cerebrovascular disorders, as well as in patients with infectious diseases. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there were increasing reports of these lesions being detected on brain imaging tests performed in patients with neurological symptoms. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, findings suggestive of cytotoxic edema are observed in the splenium; these are known to disappear with improvement of clinical symptoms. Cytokinopathy caused by infection increases the permeability of the blood–brain barrier and activates the glial cells of the brain to induce cytotoxic edema. Most patients have a good prognosis. The causes, mechanism, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of transient splenial lesions of the corpus callosum will be summarized in this review.
Effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in reducing under-five malaria morbidity and mortality in the Savannah Region, Ghana
Authors: R Adjei Michael , Kubio Chrysantus , Buamah Marcel , Sarfo Adjei , Suuri Thomas , Ibrahim Saeed , Sadiq Abubakari , I Abubakari Ihsan , V Baafi Janet
Published: August 2022

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in reducing under-five malaria morbidity and mortalityDesign: Under-five malaria data for confirmed episodes, deaths, and number of children dosed per cycle of SMC campaign were extracted from the District Health Information Management System (DHIMS-2) for 2018-2019. Data verification was done to compare extracted data with the source for completeness and consistency. Association be-tween SMC and the main outcome variables (malaria cases and mortality) was computed from 2X2 tables and reported as rate ratios at a 95% confidence level.Setting: All seven (7) districts in Savannah Region, GhanaParticipants: Children under five yearsIntervention: Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine and Amodiaquine (SPAQ) prophylaxis given monthly, four times, during the rainy season (July to October)Main outcome measures: SMC coverage per cycle and under-five malaria morbidity and mortality ratiosResults: Over 370,000 dose packs of SPAQ were administered with an average cycle coverage of 93%. There was approximately 17% (p<0.01) and 67% (p=0.047) reduction in malaria-related morbidity and mortality, respectively, in the implementation year compared with the baseline. This translated into nearly 9,300 episodes of all forms of malaria and nine malaria-attributable deaths averted by the intervention.Conclusion: SMC (combined with existing control measures) wields prospects of accelerating the regional/national malaria elimination efforts if the implementation is optimised. Expansion of the intervention to other high-prevalence regions with seasonal variation in disease burden may be worthwhile.
Factors associated with late-stage presentation of cervical cancer in Ghana
Authors: Appiah-Kubi Adu , O. Konney Thomas , Amo-Antwi Kwabena , Tawiah Augustine , K. Nti Maxwell , Ankobea-Kokroe Frank , G. Bell Sarah , K. Appiah-Kubi Priscilla , Johnston Carolyn , R. Lawrence Emma
Published: August 2022

Objective: To explore factors associated with late clinical presentation among Ghanaian women with cervical cancerDesign: This is a cross-sectional survey using a paper questionnaire.Setting: Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi, Ghana.Participants: Participants were women presenting for cervical cancer care at KATH. Inclusion criteria were histo-logically diagnosed cervical cancer and age ≥18 years. The exclusion criteria was age <18. All women presenting from August 2018-August 2019 were recruited.Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, defined as stage II or higher.Results: Of 351 total participants, 33.6% were unemployed, 35.3% had no formal education, and 96.6% had an aver-age monthly income of less than five hundred Ghana cedis ($86 USD). Time from symptoms to seeing a doctor ranged from fewer than two weeks (16.0%) to more than twelve months (8.6%). Participants’ most common barrier in seeking healthcare was financial constraints (50.0%). Most participants presented at late-stage cervical cancer (95.2%, n=334), with only 4.8% (n=17) presenting at stage I. Of participants presenting with late-stage cervical cancer, the vast major-ity had never had a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (99.1%) nor a recent gynecologic exam (99.3%). After adjusting for age, parity, and distance to a healthcare facility, a late-stage presentation was associated with lower income and living in a rural area.Conclusions: In Ghana, 95% of women with cervical cancer seek care at a late clinical stage, defined as stage II or greater, when the cancer is inoperable.
Tin Concentrations and Human Health Risk Assessment for Children and Adults in Seafood and Canned Fish commonly consumed in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Markmanuel D. P. , Amos-Tautau B. M. W. , Songca S. P.
Published: August 2022

Tin is a naturally occurring element in the environment, and the most important dietary intake is from tin-plates steel cans used for food packaging. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the tin concentrations and human health risk assessment of children and adults in seafood and canned fish (Sardine and Mackerel) obtained from Bayelsa State, Nigeria using the Thermo-Elemental Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (S4-71096 model) after mixed-acid digestion. Data obtained reveal tin concentrations (mean ± SD, mg/kg) in seafood in the order of fresh water fish (0.99 ± 0.07)  salt water fish (0.98 ± 0.16)  salt water–Blood Clam (0.75  0.022)  fresh water- Clam (0.17 ± 0.12)  fresh water-Prawn (0.06 ± 0.01)  salt water shrimp (0.02 ± 0.01) respectively, tin concentrations in the brands of canned fish were significantly higher than the concentration in seafood (p < 0.05). However, the mean concentrations of tin in the seafood and brands of canned fish were lower than the standard guideline limits set by regulatory bodies (200 mg/kg - 250 mg/kg). The health risk exposure assessment revealed that the values of all the samples were lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) of tin. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values of tin for both children and adults in all the samples were also lower than the reference dose (RfD). The health risk index (HRI) values of the seafood and the brands of canned fish for both children and adults were less than 1.0, which indicates that there are no adverse effects at the moment. However, the HRI values of the brands of canned fish were higher than the seafood for children and adults. Hence, assessment of tin in seafood and canned food could be periodically assessed by Nigerian food and drug regulatory organizations for efficient policy regulations.
In vitro Action of Vernonia perrottetii Plant Extracts on Staphylococcus species Associated with Vulvovaginitis of Selected Pregnant Women in Lokoja, Nigeria
Authors: Meseko E. I. , Tawose F. O. , Jibowa-Shittu M. Y.
Published: August 2022

The study was carried out to test for the in vitro action of Vernonia perrottetii extracts against Staphylococcus species isolated from women with Vulvovaginitis using medically certified standard procedures. A total of 50 samples of intravaginal swab (ICS) samples were collected from consented pregnant women in a State Specialist Hospital in Nigeria and investigated for the presence of Staphylococcus species and effect of V. perrottetii extracts on the isolates. The phytochemical screening of the methanolic and aqueous extract shows that the plant contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins with absence of phenol and anthraquinone. Isolate S. aureus (c) and Staphylococcus species(c) were resistant to amoxillin which served as control while other isolates were susceptible to the plant extracts. At a concentration of 1000mg/ml, aqueous extract of the plant exhibited appreciable sensitivity with a zone of inhibition of 26.7mm and 20.7mm at 500mg/ml and 1000mg/ml for S. xylosus. The results of the study imply that extracts of Vernonia perrottetii is a potential biocontrol agents of Staphyloccoci infection.
Socio-Economic Characteristics Analysis of Backyard Poultry Farming in Etsako Central Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyelami B. A. , Osikabor B. , Ugege B. H. , Odeyale O. C. , Ajanaku O. A.
Published: August 2022

The study analyzed the Socio-Economic Characteristics of Backyard Poultry Farming in Etsako Central Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria using multi-stage sampling technique to select three out of six districts in the Local Government Area with a well structure questionnaire administered to 150 randomly selected respondents while only 107 were retrieved. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics tools. The results revealed that majority (72%) of the respondents were female with most (65.4%) of them not older than 40 years in age. Most (86%) of them has one formal education or the other and are involved in only poultry rearing (58.9%) while 41.1% rears both poultry and small ruminants with 68.2% of them rearing local breeds of poultry. The result revealed that majority (72.9%) of the respondents practice extensive system of rearing with no fewer than 49.5% having flock size of between 1 and 10 birds. Most respondents (84.1%) engaged in backyard poultry rearing for income purpose. Inadequate funding (79.4%) and activities of predators (77.6%) remain the most reported severe constraints to backyard poultry rearing in the study area. It is recommended that Stake holders should make financial supports in terms of grants and single digit loan available to the respondents while the farmers too could group themselves into cooperative and thrift societies to enable them create avenue for soft loan among themselves.
The Role of the Number of Detected Criminal Offenses in the Police Performance Indicators System
Authors: Rudyk Mykola , Maslienikova Kateryna , Nosevych Nadiya , Vintsuk Viktoriia , Fatkhutdinov Vasyl G.
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to analyses the system of police performance and determine the role of the indicator that shows the number of detected criminal offenses in this system. A comprehensive study of the chosen topic was realized through empirical and theoretical methods, as well as the comparative analysis. It is determined that the components of the system of police performance indicators include the level of public trust in the police as a fundamental indicator that reflects the real state of crime and security in the country; the level of detection of criminal offenses; crime rate and public safety; citizens-police interaction rate; response time to offenses. It was found that the ratio of detected and solved crimes for the reporting period allows reflecting the police performance in the fight against crime, identifying the main problems of organizational, personnel, material, technical and legal nature of their activities. The evaluation of the effectiveness of policing through the prism of detected criminal offenses provides for further research and justification in order to determine effective legal tools for its regulation.
Time-Fractional Differential Equations with an Approximate Solution
Authors: Alzaki Lamees K. , Jassim Hassan Kamil
Published: August 2022

This paper shows how to use the fractional Sumudu homotopy perturbation technique (SHP) with the Caputo fractional operator (CF) to solve time fractional linear and nonlinear partial differential equations. The Sumudu transform (ST) and the homotopy perturbation technique (HP) are combined in this approach. In the Caputo definition, the fractional derivative is defined. In general, the method is straightforward to execute and yields good results. There are some examples offered to demonstrate the technique's validity and use.
High Frequency Electrotherapy for Tissue Heating Optimization
Authors: Jadhav Harshith
Published: August 2022

We have created an electrotherapy system that will optimize the properties of tissue heating using a natural philosophy circuit that creates a high voltage at a frequency of 0.3–a pair of MHz. Applications in medicine uses these qualities. In order to improve tissue heating, a high voltage pulse signal with a peak voltage of almost 2 kV is used in this paper's investigation of a high frequency electrotherapy system. In terms of frequency and voltage, this optimum tissue heating between the inner tissue and the thermal distributions has been investigated. One conductor serves as the target tissue heater in an experiment that was specifically designed to identify the tissue heating properties. In the end, a technique to substitute electrotherapy that is appropriate for a specific tissue depth is devised.
Role of Agri-tourism in Development of Rural Destination
Authors: Joseph Juno Ann
Published: August 2022

Tourism industries contribute to the economic development of nations at high level. The trends, needs and wants of the tourists are ever changing. The search for peace atmosphere as well as escaping from the busy life of urban area leads to the demand of Agri tourism. It adds an extra income to the farmers and gradually it leads to the development of rural destination. Natural or scenic beauties of the destination are the main attraction of agri tourism, along with these natural raw materials, it is very much necessary to improve the infrastructural facilities at the destinations. The role of policy makers and public and private sectors are important in such infrastructural development. The role in such infrastructural developmental activities will increase the inflow of tourists. It leads to the development of rural destinations.
ИМЕНИЧКИ СИСТЕМ ПИРОТСКОГ ГОВОРА У СВЕТЛУ РОДНО ОСЕТЉИВОГ ЈЕЗИКА
Authors: Марковић Јордана
Published: August 2022

На грађи преузетој из Речника пиротског говора Драгољуба Златковића у раду се анализира именички систем кроз призму односа према роду. Имајући у виду новонасталу ситуацију у српском друштву (и језику) у вези са Законом о родној равноправности и супротстављене ставове лингвиста (али и људи друге струке) у вези с тим, верујем да народни говор (у овом случају пиротског краја) може бити прави показатељ односа према овој тематици (и проблематици). Народни говор је резултат природног и спонтаног развоја језика, те ће се у њему сагледати неопходност или неоправданост инсистирања на обавезној употреби именица у мушком и женском роду у случају када се њима означава особа према занимању и сл.
ТИПОЛОГИЈА И ТРОПОЛОГИЈА ЗАТВОРЕНОГ ПРОСТОРА У „МЕМОАРИМАˮ СИМЕОНА ПИШЧЕВИЋА
Authors: Поповић Алекса , Марковић Оливера
Published: August 2022

Сагледавање јавног простора као сложене целине, где друштвени субјекти ступају у формалне и неформалне јавноправне односе, непосредно проистиче из владајућих друштвених односа одређене земље. Са друге стране, у јавном простору се испољавају приватна лица, одређена својим субјективним потребама, те и њихов доживљај јавног простора не мора представљати константу. Сходно друштвено условљеној диференцијацији простора у време просвећеног апсолутизма XVIII века у Хабзбуршкој монархији и Русији, у раду је размотрена категорија затвореног простора као јавног на примеру Мемоара Симеона Пишчевића, и то кроз два нивоа анализе – анализе структура и дубинских покретача друштвеног развитка и кроз когнитивнонаратолошки приступ просторним аспектима наратива. Уз ослонац на објављене изворе и релевантну литературу, у раду су обухваћени специфични односи између формализованог јавног простора и разумевања истог у очима појединачних учесника из виших друштвених слојева. У складу са тим, на другом нивоу анализе указује се на когнитивне учинке наративизације и перспективизације затвореног простора у Мемоарима, сагледавајући превасходно тематску и фигуративну димензију затвореног простора као вида политичког, сталешког, јавно-церемонијалног и културног мапирања света приче.
О КАРАШЕВСКОЈ АНТРОПОНИМИЈИ ИЗ XVI ВЕКА
Authors: Радан Михај , Радмила Ускату Миљана
Published: August 2022

U radu su imena i prezimena zapisana u turskom tefteru iz 1579. godine podvrgnuta etimološkoj i strukturnoj analizi. Budući da se istraživanjem antroponimije bilo koje manje ili veće zajednice mogu izvesti zaključci o etničkom poreklu dotične zajednice, osnovni cilj rada jeste da se na osnovu analize karaševskih antroponima iz pomenutog turskog teftera iz 1579. godine ustanovi etnička struktura stanovništva karaševske enklave u drugoj polovini XVI veka. Drugi cilj rada jeste da se, na osnovi podataka iz pomenutog teftera, iznesu podaci koji se odnose na veroispovest Karaševaka iz tog perioda.
МАНАСТИРИ У ТЕМИШВАРСКОЈ ЕПАРХИЈИ – ЦЕНТРИ РЕЛИГИЈСКОГ И КУЛТУРНОГ ЖИВОТА СРБА У РУМУНИЈИ
Authors: Стојановић Иван
Published: August 2022

In the area of today’s Romania, in the Romanian part of Banat, an area that territorially belongs to the Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Timisoara, in addition to 56 parish churches, there are five monasteries: Bezdin, St. George (on Brzava), Bazijaš, Zlatica and Kusić. Each of these monasteries has a rich history. The folklore tells us that some of these monasteries were founded in the 13th century, while we have documented evidence from the 16th century. In the rich history of the Serbian Orthodox Diocese of Timisoara, the Monasteries were and still are, the centres of the spiritual and cultural life of the Serbs in Romania. Many deserving bishops, metropolitans and patriarchs came from these monastic fraternities, who made a great contribution to the preservation of the religious and cultural identity of both the Serbian and Romanian people. Many deserving individuals and members of Serbian aristocratic families, contributed to the construction, renovation and beautification of these monasteries. These monasteries are places with rich iconostasis, frescoes, treasuries and libraries, where monastic and theological schools worked and more recently courses for singers and children’s religious camps, aiming to preserve the Orthodox faith and Serbian cultural identity in this area.Today, regular monastic and liturgical life takes place in four monasteries, and all monasteries are in constant spiritual and material renewal.
О СИНОНИМСКИМ ВАРИЈАНТАМА У ДИСКУРСУ ЕЛЕКТРОНСКИХ МЕДИЈА РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ И ФЕДЕРАЦИЈЕ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
Authors: Ћевриз Нишић Вера
Published: August 2022

The topic we decided on deals with the current issue of the functioning of the language in BiH. It belongs primarily to the field of stylistics and involves the analysis of different variants of the linguistically same language, which is sociolinguistically called by three names: Serbian, Croatian and Bosniak. The paper will analyze the discourse of public communication on the example of the use of Serbian in electronic media Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Linguistic and stylistic analysis will be focused on a comparative analysis of synonymous units of the Serbian language that are variant polarized into Serbian, Croatian and Bosniak standard language expression. The cases of the so-called mixing standard language expressions in the same text and their stylistic marking. The research material will include online editions of daily newspapers in the Republic of Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. These are the most visited information portals such as Glas Srpske, Nezavisne novine, Dnevni avaz, Oslobođenje and Dnevnik. The goal of the linguistic-stylistic analysis is to single out lexical units of a synonymous character whose distribution is conditioned by the polycentric structure of the Serbian language as a system. The lexical differences between the three language standards of Serbian are those that concern the whole word.