bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index of Acting 1st Semester Stkip Mbb with Overweight
Authors: Akbar Khizqil Baharudin , Saputra Yoga , Windra Windra , Hartatadi Hengki
Published: August 2021

The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between body mass index and body weight. The relationship between habits or lifestyle with weight is very influential. This happens because the average research subject does not regulate a healthy lifestyle. In this study, 54 students were selected as research subjects consisting of 42 male subjects and 12 female subjects. Most of the subjects in this study had nutritional status that showed a body mass index in the normal weight category of 25 people, overweight subjects as much as 8 people, underweight subjects as many as 6 people, and obese weight subjects as many as 6 people.
Body Mass Index of Elementary School Teachers Education 5th Semester STKIP Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung
Authors: Ramdhani Wahyudhi , Saputra Deden Manggala , Pratama Wahyu , Indra Indra , Jordan M.
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the body mass index of elementary school teacher education 5th-semester students of STKIP Muhamadiyah Bangka Belitung, which was conducted in the STKIP MBB sports lab. The method used in this research is descriptive statistics. The population in this study were all of the 5th-semester PGSD students totaling 126 people and taking a sample used in total sampling. The instrument used was a body mass index test with the formula BMI = BB (Kg) / TB (m) 2. data analysis calculation techniques in research using quantitative approaches. The results of this study concluded that the average body mass index of PGSD 5th semester students STKIP MBB was 21.45 kg / m2, the minimum value was 14.6 kg / m2, and the maximum was 38.5 kg / m2. Based on the assessment of the body mass index, it can be concluded that the average semester 5 PGSD student STKIP MBB has a healthy body mass index.
Factors Affecting The Event of Anemia on Students
Authors: Hartati Hartati , Destriana Destriana , Marlina Marlina , Muslimin Muslimin
Published: August 2021

Anemia is a condition when the body lacks blood cells that contain hemoglobin to spread oxygen to all organs of the body. The impact of anemia for elementary school-age children is that it can cause problems of child growth and development. This study aims to determine the factors that influence anemia in SD Gedung Batin, Negara Inner sub-district, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung Province. This research uses descriptive analytic that is describing and explaining the factors that influence anemia status in 6th grade students at Batin Building, Negara Batin Subdistrict, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung Province. The population in this study were all elementary school students in Batin Building, Batin Negara District, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung Province, totaling 50 students. The sample in this study amounted to 17 students. Research instruments include questionnaires, data collected in the form of primary data and secondary data based on the results of research and data analysis with cross sectional. The analysis shows that the nutritional status based on body mass index BMI there are 5 normal nutrition students, 4 students are fat nutritional status and 8 students are classified as underweight nutritional status. According to normal weight 40%, and low 60%. normal height 53% and low 47%. The majority are 60% and 40% are minority. Parents' income is high as much as 47% and less 53%. 65% of junior high / high school education and 35% of senior high school / elementary / junior high school education. The implication in this research is finding factors that influence anemia, one of which is related to nutritional problems.
The Relationship of Squeeze Strength and Arm Explosion Power to the Ability of Forehand Drive in Tennis Court
Authors: Saleh M. Sahib , Nurkadri Nurkadri
Published: August 2021

The abstract This study aims to determine the relationship between the strength of the squeeze of the hand and the explosive power of the arm on the ability of forehand drive in playing tennis. The study population was all students of the Faculty of Sport Science State University of Makassar with a sample of 40 people. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Based on data analysis, there was a significant correlation between hand squeeze strength and arm explosive power to the ability of forehand drive in the tennis playing field of the students of the Faculty of Sport Sciences State University of Makassar.
Hexagon Contribution Drill Training and Horizontal Swing Training on Table Tennis Skills
Authors: Sari Liliana Puspa , Hendrawan Dicky , Karo Karo Alan Alfiansyah Putra
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to study Horizontal Swing and Hexagon Drill Training on the ability to play table tennis. Experimental research methods. Participants were 12 male students of the SMK Negeri 1 Stabat class who took part in table tennis extracurricular activities. Sampling was done by purposive sampling of 6 students. Purposive Sampling technique was taken because of several considerations namely limited time, energy, and funds so that it cannot take large samples. Considerations in taking samples are old students who take extracurricular table tennis. The study was conducted for 6 weeks with a frequency of exercise 3 times each week. After the data is obtained, then the data is processed using regression analysis techniques. The results of the study that were approved by the Horizontal Swing Exercise on the ability to play tennis students obtained Fcount = 0.14 and Ftable = 7.71, then Fo <from Ftable, the regression conclusion is not significant and there is no Horizontal Swing Exercise exercise on the ability to play table tennis of male students. While Hexagon Drill Training on the ability to play table tennis students obtained Fcount 0.01 and Ftable 7.71 then F0 <Ftabel, the regression conclusion is not meaningful and there is no contribution of Hexagon Drill Training on the ability to play table tennis of male students. The results of the multiple regression assessment of Horizontal Swing and Hexagon Drill Training on the ability to play table tennis for male students of grade 1 at SMK Negeri 1 Stabat obtained Fcount of 0.02 and Ftable of 9.55, thus Fcount <Ftable, no one is expected. table tennis male student class of SMK Negeri 1 Stabat.
The Effectiveness Of Problem-Based Learning Approach In The Teaching Of Hang Style Long Jump
Authors: Adhie Octavianus Cahyanto
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe learning improvement of physical education can be done through implementing learning approach which is suitable for 21st Century era. This research is a descriptive quantitative research which aims to describe the effectiveness of the hang style long jump learning using problem-based learning approach based on students’ learning outcomes and attitude in vocational high school context. The subject of the research were students of  X ATR 1 and X TKRO 1 students of SMKN 1 Cangkringan. The data were obtained from the result of observation sheets, learning outcome tests, and questionnaire of students’ attitudes towards learning. The result showed that hang style long jump learning using problem-based learning approach was effective based on students’ learning outcomes and learning attitudes. The passing students reached 100% for X ATR 1 students and 80,65% for X TKRO 1 students.  The students’ learning attitudes towards physical education subject in the category of minimum more than 80% high were 100% for X ATR 1 students and 90.32% for X TKRO 1 students.
Basketball Learning Model Development Through MLM (Mobile Learning Media) Based on Android
Authors: Nurabady Andi , Winata Devi Catur
Published: August 2021

The long-term objective of this research is expected to be able to overcome the problems that have occurred so far in the world of education, especially physical education that occurs in the field of basketball material, both in the form of teaching methods of teachers / lecturers which are always monotonous so that students are not interested in sports lessons on basketball or facilities and infrastructure that are not provided at school / on campus so that this research is able to answer every problem that occurs in the field, especially when the problem increases with the Covid-19 pandemic, where learning methods change from face-to-face to online. Therefore, this researcher provides a solution by learning through Android-based MLM (Mobile Learning Media).The specific objective of this research is to develop a basketball learning model with an Android-based MLM (Mobile Learning Media) system that launches a basketball learning application via Android that can be downloaded by anyone and learning becomes easier. With the development of this method, it is hoped that it can provide solutions to teachers / lecturers, especially basketball lecturers in providing material to students during the current pandemic.
Identification of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index on the Incidence of Prediabetes Mellitus in High School Students
Authors: Wibowo Cahyo , Agustina Venti , Suroto Suroto
Published: August 2021

Prediabetes mellitus is a condition of a person's blood sugar, which, if in a fasting state, ranges from 100-125 mg / dL (IFG) or 2 hours after eating, the blood sugar level is 140-199 mg / dL. Physical activity and BMI are factors that trigger prediabetes mellitus. Therefore it is necessary to hold preventive efforts to reduce the rate of development of prediabetes mellitus which is increasing and increasing public awareness regarding the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of writing this literature is to analyze physical activity and body mass index on the incidence of prediabetes mellitus in high school students. The research writing method used a literature review. Data were collected from 30 journals which were then selected into 22 journals with related variables, namely physical activity and body mass index with the incidence of prediabetes mellitus, a sample of high school students aged 15-18 years . The results of the literature review are that physical activity plays a role in controlling blood sugar and Body Mass Index (BMI) contributes to the occurrence of prediabetes if followed by an unhealthy waist circumference, less physical activity results in an increase in BMI which ultimately triggers prediabetes mellitus.
The Effect of Permainan Galah Asin with Parental Support on Gross Motor Development in Mentally Disabled Students
Authors: Saragih Darta Pardamean , Suprayitno Suprayitno , Nugraha Tarsyad
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of galah asin games with parental support on gross motor development at mentally disabled students. The population are students in the SMP SLB-E Negeri Pembina Utara in 2020, totaling 28 people. The instrument used in this study was a parent support instrument and also an instrument for basic movement skills, namely TGMD-2. The first analisys results of hypothesis show that modifikasi permainan galah asin has a better effect than the permainan galah asin on gross motor development in junior high school mentally disabled students at SLB-E Negeri Pembina Sumatera Utara. The second hypothesis is that there is an interaction between permainan galah asin with parental support for on gross motor development in junior high school mentally disabled students at SLB-E Negeri Pembina Sumatera Utara. The third hypothesis is that students with high parental support have a better influence than students with low parental support on on gross motor development in junior high school mentally disabled students at SLB-E Negeri Pembina Sumatera Utara. The fourth hypothesis is that the modifikasi permainan galah asin has a better effect than the permainan galah asin on gross motor development with high parental support at in junior high school mentally disabled students at SLB-E Negeri Pembina Sumatera Utara. The results of this study suggest that to develop gross motor development for mentally disabled students provide modifikasi permainan galah asin and the need for high parental support to assist children in carrying out every movement activity so as to get maximum benefits.
Differences Effect of Shooting Exercise and Taste Believe Yourself in Free Throw on Extraculicular Students SMA Negeri 1 Medan
Authors: Hasibuan Roni Fathan , Akhmad Imran , Hasibuan Sanusi
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rope training and wall shoots with confidence. This study uses the experimental method. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires and observations. Analysis technique
The Basic Motion Learning Model of Small Game Based Throwing in Elementary School
Authors: Setiawan Gunawan , Syamsuramel Syamsuramel , Aryanti Silvi
Published: August 2021

This study aims to develop a small game-based basic motion learning model at Elementary School Number 65 Rejang Lebong. The research method used is research and development (R&D) using ten stages from Borg and Gall. The research instruments used were locomotor, non-locomotor tests, and manipulative basic movement skills tests. The treatment in this study was in the form of a basic motion learning model based on small games given for 4 weeks. The subjects in this study were students in grades 4 and 5 of Elementary School Number 65 Rejang Lebong. Subjects in this study were 30 people. The validation results obtained in small-scale trials regarding the quality of the learning model have entered into the validation criteria filled by the validator with a percentage of 63% and the results of large group trials are declared valid with a percentage of 81.25% which means very feasible. Furthermore, the effectiveness test was carried out using the t-test. In the significance test of the difference using the SPSS tool, the mean value = 0.8666 which shows the difference between the pre-test and post-test results, the results of T-count = 13.730, df = 29, and P-Value = 0.000 <0.05, which means that there are There is a significant difference between before and after being treated with the small game-based learning model of throwing basic motion learning. Where the post-test results have positive results with a significant difference compared to the pre-test results. So that the learning model of the basic motion of throwing based on small games can be used in learning physical education and health in elementary schools. The implication of this research is that the basic motion learning model of throwing based on small games can be used as a form of learning the basic motion of throwing in elementary school children.
The Influence of Teaching Style and Independence on Learning Outcomes of Lower Passing in Volleyball Games for MAN Students
Authors: Herman Herman , Sunarno Agung , Simatupang Nurhayati
Published: August 2021

The learning process consists of several supporting components: teaching materials, learning models, learning methods, and teaching styles. All of these components aim to help students understand and understand all teaching materials in each subject. For the SMA/MA level, passing down in volleyball is one of the materials that is considered quite difficult, as evidenced by the data obtained from the school. More than half of the participants failed in the subject of the volleyball game. What is found in the field is the most significant cause of failure, which is generally influenced by an unsupportive learning process. One of the most influential things is the teaching style. In this study, the teaching styles that are considered to be able to create situations/conditions that help the learning process are convergent teaching styles and inclusive teaching styles.
PENGARUH KONFORMITAS TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMTIF GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Dezianti Dara Ayu Nova , Hidayati Fina
Published: August 2021

Saat ini, generasi milenial menjadi topik perbincangan oleh banyak pihak. Hal tersebut terjadi karena bonus demografi 2020 menunjukkan bahwa generasi milenial menempati kedudukan tinggi pada berbagai elemen pekerjaan. Generasi milenial yang akrab dengan kecanggihan teknologi diprediksi memiliki karakteristik kreatif, produktif, dan konsumtif. Namun, kecanggihan teknologi mampu menumbuhkan perilaku konsumtif, khususnya pada usia mahasiswa. Kecanggihan teknologi membuat transaksi menjadi mudah. Teman merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh pada konsumsi seorang mahasiswa. Dorongan rasa kebersamaan atau perasaan ingin menjaga gengsi di depan teman membuat mahasiswa melakukan berbagai cara agar tetap memiliki eksistensi, salah satunya adalah melakukan konformitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konformitas terhadap perilaku konsumtif generasi milenial. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 362 mahasiswa (127 laki-laki dan 235 perempuan). Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat konformitas generasi milenial paling banyak berada pada kategori sedang, yaitu dengan persentase 74,3%. Adapun pada pengukuran tingkat perilaku konsumtif, mayoritas generasi milenial berada pada kategori sedang dengan persentase 55,5% dari total responden secara keseluruhan. Nilai signifikansi pada penelitian ini adalah 0,044 (sig< 0,050) artinya terdapat signifikansi positif antara konformitas dengan perilaku konsumtif. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa keinginan untuk sepadan dan sesuai dengan norma sosial serta takut dengan penolakan sering kali membuat seseorang membeli tanpa pertimbangan dan hanya mengutamakan keinginan dan kesenangan semata dibandingkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan. Adapun analisis tambahan mengenai perbedaan pada jenis kelamin yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan.
ACADEMIC HELP SEEKING TERHADAP DOSEN PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN: PERAN FEAR OF FAILURE
Authors: Endah Astri Nur , Lubis Fitriani Yustikasari , Yudiana Whisnu
Published: August 2021

Keberhasilan pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi menuntut keaktifan dari mahasiswa baik secara fisik, emosional, maupun mental. Meski demikian, mahasiswa tetap membutuhkan orang lain ketika mengalami kesulitan melaksanakan aktivitas akademik, misalnya dengan meminta bantuan dosen (academic help seeking).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fear of failure dengan academic help seeking terhadap dosen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 185 orang mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjadjaran tahun kedua dan ketiga. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory serta Computer Science Help Seeking Scales. Data dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Spearman. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fear of failure memiliki hubungan dengan academic help seeking pada tiga dimensi, yaitu instrumental help seeking, executive help seeking, dan avoidance help seeking. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara fear of failure dengan perceived benefit of help seeking. Fear of failure menimbulkan dua kecenderungan pada mahasiswa, yakni kecenderungan meminta bantuan dan kecenderungan menghindari meminta bantuan kepada dosen.
PERAN MODERASI SELF-ESTEEM PADA HUBUNGAN EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS DAN ADAPTABILITAS KARIER SISWA SMK
Authors: Wahyu Safitri Dinda Aramitha , Indianti Wahyu
Published: August 2021

Berkembangnya teknologi menyebabkan banyak perubahan, terutama pada masa pandemi saat ini di mana berdampak pada dunia industri. Individu yang memiliki adaptabilitas karier diprediksi memiliki kualitas pekerjaan yang baik sehingga dapat menghadapi berbagai tantangan karier. Employability skills dan self-esteem dianggap penting dalam memengaruhi adaptabilitas karier. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran self-esteem sebagai moderator hubungan employability skills dan adaptabilitas karier. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari 703 siswa SMK (usia 14-23 tahun). Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (α = 0,924), Student Employability Skills Questionnaire (α = 0,939), dan Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale (α = 0,791) yang telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa self-esteem tidak memoderasi hubungan employabilty skill dan adaptabilitas karier. Dengan kata lain, harga diri tidak memperkuat atau memperlemah hubungan keterampilan dasar kerja individu dan adaptabilitas karier. Hal tersebut karena employability skills memiliki pengaruh yang lebih kuat terhadap adaptabilitas karier sehingga tanpa adanya self-esteem tetap akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap adaptabilitas karier siswa.
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Sutrisno Paulina
Published: August 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding business strategy, deferred tax expense and company characteristics such as audit committees, proportion of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, firm size on tax avoidance. These factors were retested because there were still inconsistent results from previous studies and there were variables that were rarely studied. This study uses a sample that includes 396 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2016 to 2018 period, which is the period surrounding the tax amnesty policy in Indonesia. This study uses the cash effective tax rate (CETR) which is considered as a measure that can describe the amount of tax avoidance by the company. The research hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that business strategy have a positive effect on tax avoidance and firm size has a negative effect on tax avoidance, while deferred tax expense, audit committee, proportion of independent commissioners, institutional ownership have no effect on tax avoidance. The theoretical contribution of this study is to add to the development of previous literature related to the effect of business strategy, deferred tax expense and company characteristics such as audit committees, proportion of independent commissioners, institutional ownership, firm size on tax avoidance.
PENGARUH AGRESIVITAS TRANSFER PRICING, PENGGUNAAN NEGARA LINDUNG PAJAK, DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Wijaya Suparna , Rahayu Fitriyan Dwi
Published: August 2021

This study examined the effect of transfer pricing aggressiveness, tax heaven, and institusional ownership on tax avoidance with tax audit as moderating variabel. The research object used 65 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2019 period, so the total observation is 325 samples. The results show that transfer pricing aggressiveness has a positive effect and institutional ownership has a negative effect on tax avoidance, while tax heaven has no effect on tax avoidance. In addition, moderation in tax audits is able to weakens the positive effect of transfer pricing aggressiveness on tax avoidance. However, tax audits does not weaken the positive effect of tax heaven and does not strengthen the negative effect of institutional ownership on tax avoidance.
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR VERIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE CRITERIA OF THE INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS
Authors:   Department of production systems and robotics, Marcinko Peter , Koščák Juraj ,   KYBERNETES, s.r.o.
Published: August 2021

Urgency of the research. The interest in this issue is growing. By creating a suitable solution, it is possible to detect damage to the robot. Based on the 9283 standard, a methodology was proposed, according to which it is possible to experi-mentally measure the working characteristics of industrial robots. Target setting. The main goal was to design a methodology on the basis of which methodological sheets could be devel-oped and to develop and evaluate experimental measurements with the help of these sheets. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Analysis of thepublications shows that at present the data acquisition systems about the working characteristics of industrial robots are currently very expensive. These systems use laser interference method.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. This paper is focused on the analysis of a suitable method and the creation of measuring devices for experimental measurements. The research objective. The aim of this research was to create a methodology for measuring quantities. Creation of suitable means and subsequent evaluation of measured values. Data collection using Matlab software should be improved in the future. The statement of basic materials. The analysis consists of the ISO 9283 standard. After a thorough analysis, methodo-logical sheets and measuring devices such as measuring nest were created.Conclusions. Since there is a robot in the department with positioning inaccuracies, it was decided to try to create a suitable tool that would be able to analyse this robot in more detail and obtain data on working characteristics
Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel Using Three Kinds of Carboxylic Acids Supported by Iron(III) Chloride
Authors: Kareem Jalil H.
Published: August 2021

Aqueous carboxylic acids (CA) are generally used as attractive catalytic extractants in the field of desulfurization of petroleum products. In the present study, a triple system consisting of CA-ferric chloride-hydrogen peroxide has been used for the removal of aromatic S-compounds from partially hydrotreated diesel by liquid−liquid oxidative-extraction. The influence of various operating parameters affecting the oxidative desulfurization was experimentally investigated. Formic acid (HCOOH), acetic acid (CH3COOH), and propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) as aqueous solutions with hydrogen peroxide and iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) as oxidant and catalytic agent, respectively, were used. All experiments were carried out at 55°C with different oxidant to sulfur mole ratios (nH2O2/nS) (15–36), CA to sulfur mole ratios (nCA/nS) (2–26), and oxidation reaction times (5–25 min). Within 25 min of the treatment, a maximum elimination of aromatic S-compounds of 65.1% was obtained when molar ratio of oxidant to sulfur (nH2O2/nS) was 36 and molar ratio of CA to sulfur (nCA/nS) was 26. Surface tension calculations for the CAs demonstrated that the average void radius of the acids has a pronounced effect on the fitting of S-compounds from diesel fuel into acids and is important to sulfur removal. Further, increasing the desulfurization efficiency was also energetically affected in the presence of ferric halide. The obtention of the sulfur removal ability value was noticeably higher than was achieved by employing similar reaction conditions in the absence of FeCl3.
Genetic Diversity Among Ten Maize Genotypes Using Simple Sequence Repeat DNA Markers
Authors: Abdulazeez Sebar D. , Kakarash Sakar A. , Ismael Namam B.
Published: August 2021

Genetic diversity among ten maize genotypes (seven inbred lines and three testers) was investigated using ten simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Primers (bnlg128, bnlg1839, Umc1117, bnlg1144, and bnlg1152) generated the highest number of bands (4 bands) for inbred lines while the primer bnlg128 showing the highest number of bands (3 bands) for testers. The primer bnlg128 shows the highest effective number of alleles (ne) for inbred lines and testers. Among the studied primer bnlg1839 in inbred lines and primer bnlg128 in testers showed the maximum polymorphism information content (PIC) and the greatest diversity. Using UPGMA cluster analysis, the seven inbred lines were grouped under three clusters, while grouped the testers under two clusters. Most of the inbred lines which were derived from the same source population were grouped in the same cluster based on the SSRs DNA markers, indicating high genetic differentiation among their source populations. Results showed that the SSRs were informative in detecting genetic differences among the maize inbred lines and testers, as exhibited by the high average of Shannon’s information index (I), Nei’s expected heterozygosity (Nei’s), and PIC. The results suggest that the studied genotypes are diverse and may be utilized for further breeding programs.
Assessment of Gingival Health Status among Patients with Fixed Orthodontic Appliance
Authors: Hussein Shahida R. , Hassan Bayan A.
Published: August 2021

Fixed orthodontic appliances corrupt plaque removal, proper oral hygiene, and gingival health so periodontal evaluation is important to be checked in every appointment. The aim of the present study was to assess gingival health among patients with a fixed orthodontic appliance. A clinical comparative study conducted on 25 patients with an aged ranged from 15 to 25 years. Clinical parameters included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at base line before starting orthodontic treatment and after 1 month of treatment. A double paired t-test was applied to the data collected for statistical analysis. The mean value of PI (1.11), GI (1.155), and BOP (0.600) scores was increased after placement of fixed orthodontic appliance, but with no statistically significant difference with base line for PI (P-value = 0.596), GI (P-value = 0.355), and BOP (P-value = 0.256), respectively. Regarding age group, mean PI (1.46), GI (1.22), and BOP (0.875) were increased with increasing age, patients who age’s ≥20 showed statistical significant difference for gingival and plaque means P-value = 0.006 and P-value = 0.03) for ≥20, respectively. The finding of this study had shown that patients with fixed orthodontic appliances had non-significant increase in the mean value of plaque, gingival, and BOP indices scores. All mean scores were increased with increasing age, but with non-significantly for BOP only.
Prevalence of Parafunctional Habits among Preschool Children and its Correlation to Parental Education Status
Authors: Mahdi Alawsi Huda R. , Hassan Bayan A. , Jamil Al-Talabani Shaho Z.
Published: August 2021

Background: Parafunctional habit has been associated in the literature with alterations of dental occlusion; it could be a predisposing factor for malocclusion. This cross-sectional study is aimed to assess the prevalence of parafunctional habits and its relation to parent’s education. Subjects and Methods: Convenience sample of 500 children aged between 4 and 6 years of both gender 262 boys and 238 girls receiving their medical care in primary health-care centers and in Raparin Pediatric Hospital of Erbil city to study parafunctional habits and its relation to parents education. Results: Mouth breathing and nail biting were more prevalent habits in the included children than lip sucking and bruxism. The former habits prevalence showed no significant differences in children whose their parents education background are different (high, middle, or low education). Conclusion: Mouth breathing and nail biting were highly prevalent habits among preschool children in Erbil city. No significant association was found between the prevalence of bad oral habits and parents education.
Study the Effects of Formaldehyde and Xylene Vapor on Lung and Testicular Tissue with Sperm Morphology of Adult Albino Rats
Authors: Ismail Trefa F. , Othman Galawezh O. , Othman Naznaz H. , Hassan Ban A.
Published: August 2021

Formalin is widely used chemical substance in industry and medicine (as tissue fixative and disinfectant). It contains reactive molecules which have been known for its cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, xylene used in histological techniques during preparation of tissue and has different toxic effects on tissues. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of formaldehyde and xylene inhalation on albino rat’s lung and testes. Fifteen adult male rats were used in this study; the rats were divided randomly into three groups (A, B, and C). Group (A) comprises the control group, whereas the rats in the Group (B) were exposed to 10% formaldehyde vapor and the rats from Group (C) were exposed to xylene vapor for 4 h/day for 5 days/week for 1 month. Histological alterations were observed in the lung of formalin and xylene exposed rats manifested by lymphatic infiltration, emphysema, congestion, dilation of blood vessels, and alveolar sac and also thinning in the wall of alveolar bronchiole. On the other hand, formaldehyde and xylene affected the testes tissue of treated rats including atrophy in the seminiferous tubule cells, edematous connective tissue, degenerative of spermatogenesis, depletion in germinal layer, existing of vacuoles in the seminiferous tubules, and decrease in the number of sperms in the lumen of seminiferous tubules. Furthermore, sperms abnormalities were seen. The data of our study concluded that inhalation the vapor of formaldehyde and xylene has degenerative effects on lungs and testes of the experimental rats as well as affecting on the spermatocytes and increased the frequency of sperm abnormalities.
Prevalence and Molecular Identification of Giardiasis Isolates from Stray Dogs in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Hassan Zuber I.
Published: August 2021

Giardia lamblia is the intestinal, flagellated protozoan parasite. It should make a species complex and comprises eight assemblages (A-H). In the current study, out of 153 examined samples, 16 (10.46%) and 36 (23.53%) specimens were positive by concentration and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for giardiasis, respectively. The highest rate of infection was found in a rural area (14.38%) than in urban areas (9.15%). As well as, the infection rate in males (25/153) was higher compared to that of female dogs (11/153). Regarding fecal consistency, the highest rate (18.3%) of giardiasis was observed in diarrheic dogs, while the lowest rate of giardiasis (5.23%) was observed among non-diarrheic dogs. The PCR products were sequenced for 20 samples and further examined by sequence analysis, 16 isolates under the accession number (MN629930), independent of the host, exhibited G. lamblia GenBank ID: M36728, while in four samples under the accession number (MN629931), nucleotide substitutions generate polymorphism at position 542 and 561 (C → T) and (A → G) at position 684. The similarity between MN629931 and AY072723 genotype A2 was 99.9% which was one nucleotide substitution at position 542 (C → T). The sequencing of the PCR products recognized two assemblages in dogs suggested the possible role of dogs as the reservoir for human giardiasis in Erbil Province which is the first records in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
دور المسؤلية الاجتماعية في تعزيز الالتزام الوظيفي
Authors: فرج كاوة محمد , فائق داليا خالد , عوسمان بێستون عبدالمجید , صادق زانا مجید , علي بياد جمال
Published: August 2021

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على الدور المسؤلية الاجتماعية بأبعاده (الاقتصادية، القانونية، الاخلاقية، الخيرية) في تعزيز الالتزام الوظيفي في البنوك الحكومية في مدينة كوية في محافظة أربيل/ إقليم كوردستان – العراق. و لتحقيق الهدف تم تصميم استبانة مكونة من 46 سؤال وزعت على عينة مكونة من180 مفردة و قد اعيدت منها 138 استبانة وكانت 130 استبانة صالحة لتحليل. وقد توصلت البحث الى وجود علاقة ارتباط بين المسؤلية المدنية و  الالتزام الوظيفي، و وجود أثر للمسؤلية المدنية في تعزيز الالتزام الوظيفي .وبناءً على الاستنتاجات، توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من التوصيات اهمها ضرورة تبني البنوك المبحوثة مفهوم  المسؤلية الاجتماعية فكراً وممارسة وإدخاله ضمن منهاج الدورات التدريبية للقيادات العليا لكي يتسنى للكثيرين منهم التعرف على فلسفته التطبيقية و يتطلب من إدارات البنوك المبحوثة زيادة مستوى الإهتمام  بالمعايير والقيم الأخلاقية الداخلية الايجابية تجاه تحقيق الالتزام الوظيفي وأخذ كل السبل التي تحول دون تحقيقه والعمل على تنميته وجعله حجر الأساس.
Ordenamento de itens listados como uma forma de metalinguagem
Authors: Chapanski Gissele , Gavioli-Prestes Cindy Mery
Published: August 2021

O modelo do manual de gramática atravessa séculos sem mudanças substanciais em diversos de seus aspectos. Dos primeiros gramáticos da antiguidade helênica até a contemporaneidade, elementos como a nomenclatura e mesmo a ordem de apresentação de seções e itens são bastante estáveis nesses materiais. Uma das razões possíveis para isso estaria no emprego de recursos mnemotécnicos (amplamente desenvolvidos na retórica) em sua composição e transmissão. Partindo da Tékhne grammatiké atribuída a Dionísio Trácio, elaboramos uma discussão e uma reflexão acerca da ordem de apresentação dos itens nos manuais de gramática como elemento metalinguístico diretamente vinculado com a mnemotécnica. Isso, por sua vez, seria responsável, tanto pela manutenção e transmissão de sua estrutura, ao longo dos séculos, em diferentes realidades linguísticas, como pela repetição desses conhecimentos gramaticais em um circuito que se revela, por natureza, mais retórico que investigativo. No cenário atual, essa manutenção é responsável, muitas vezes, pela preponderância de noções gramaticais tradicionais sobre as estabelecidas pela ciência linguística. O presente artigo visa oferecer uma leitura histórica para esse fenômeno e, a partir dela, apontar para a necessidade de difusão de um conjunto de noções metalinguísticas mais científico que apenas retórico-mnemotécnico e gramatical.
Violência obstétrica: fatos relatados na prática e os impactos na vida da mulher
Authors: Carvalho Bianca Fachetti , Sampaio Raiane Antunes , Silva Regiany Rodrigues , Carvalho João Pedro Pereira de , Abreu Jordana Vaz de , Oliveira Rhafaela Souza , Batista Lucas Antonio Otoni , Saturnino Julia Vallentina de Souza , Soares Caroline Martins , Oliveira Evelyn Corrêa de
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão acerca do impacto do parto clínico e medicalizado na vida da mulher, bem como a importância de informações adequadas durante o pré-parto para evitar a violência obstétrica. Revisão bibliográfica: Até o final do século XVIII, os partos eram realizados por parteiras, porém, com a implantação das escolas médicas, houve uma mudança desse cenário, tornando altamente medicalizado e com procedimentos rotineiros, o que deu origem a violência obstétrica. Uma série de violações dos direitos e perda da autonomia da mulher, fez com que a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) criassem políticas e programas de saúde voltada a práticas humanizadas, assim como leis que garantem o desejo da parturiente, visando diminuir os procedimentos. Cesáreas, episiotomia, manobra de Kristeller e uso de ocitocina são alguns deles, que precisam ser discutidos durante o pré, intra e pós-parto, pois criam medo e insegurança na família, devido ao histórico marcado por uma violência e desumanização. Considerações finais: Portanto, a participação ativa dos profissionais da saúde aliado a uma assistência humanizada, são fundamentais para diminuir os números alarmantes de violência obstétrica, e consequentemente, diminuir as sequelas que são causadas na vida reprodutiva e sexual da mulher.
Argatroban and ultrasound-facilitated thrombolysis with alteplase in a patient with bilateral pulmonary embolism and history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A case report
Authors: Morrison Heather L. , Mittleider Derek , Wallace Kevin
Published: August 2021

A 58-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE) with right heart strain. Her medical history included a previous PE resulting in thrombolysis and inferior vena cava filter placement, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, morbid obesity, and chronic pain that was treated with an epidural injection 2 weeks prior to admission. This case is unusual due to the need for alternative anticoagulation management during thrombolysis in a patient with a heparin allergy who was at increased risk for bleeding. She was initiated on argatroban to achieve therapeutic aPTTs before receiving both mechanical thrombectomy and alteplase through ultrasound-facilitated catheter-directed thrombolysis. The argatroban was reduced to a flat rate of 0.5 mcg/kg/ min during thrombolysis and was subsequently increased to achieve therapeutic aPTTs upon completion of thrombolysis. The patient was transitioned from argatroban to apixaban for lifelong anticoagulation.
شعر الزهد بين الإمام الشافعي وأبي العتاهية دراسة مقارنة
Authors: Kouyate Sekou
Published: August 2021

يهدف البحث إلى المقارنة بين الشاعرين من حيث العوامل الاجتماعية، الدينية، الثقافية والاقتصادية، والنفسية، ثميتضمن الحديث عن المضامين الشعرية المتشابهة لدى كلا الشاعرين، في إطار شعر الزهد. استخدم الباحث منهج المدرسة الفرنسية، التي تجرى فيها المقارنة بين الآداب التي يرتبط بعضها ببعض على أساس التأثّر والتأثير. وكان من أبرز نتائج الدراسة أن أبا العتاهية قد تأثّر بالشافعي في بعض مضامين شعره الزهدي، لكنه ابتدع فيهاوأتقنها كلّ الإتقان.
Rational Finance for Sustainable Development "Financial Plans by Omar Bin Abdulaziz- A model": المالية الرشيدة للتنمية المستدامة "المالية عند عمر بن عبد العزيز أنموذجا"
Authors: Ahmed Tayeb Houbad Ahmed Tayeb Houbad
Published: August 2021

There is no doubt that the successful public finances are the ones which achieve development that accommodate all the economic, social, political and other dimensions. This is what the Omar’s fiscal policy was able to do in a short time, and in an unprecedented way This policy has inherited a deteriorating financial system due to the fact that many excesses and irregularities were caused by the successors of the Bani Umayyad before him. This in turn caused political unrest and social divisions that led to a deficit in the fiscal budget. The researcher concluded that Caliph Omar bin Abdulaziz was able to get rid of the budget deficit through plans he adopted in the aspect of revenues and expenditures, which were generally represented in adherence to the legislation contained therein, providing flexible facilities and plans to manage them, and working to expand the circle of social spending and eliminate cases of administrative corruption. The researcher recommends conducting research to study age- based financial plans to avoid economic inflation, as well as specialized research to establish departments for financial revenues that governments have abandoned today, such as zakat and tax)kharaj)
The Irrational Beliefs and their Relation to the Level of Aspiration among Orphanage Teenagers in Makkah: الأفكار اللاعقلانية وعلاقتها بمستوى الطموح لدى مراهقات دار الأيتام بمكة المكرمة
Authors: Nahlah Talal Falattah, Layla M. Alsharif Nahlah Talal Falattah, Layla M. Alsharif
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between irrational beliefs and the level of aspiration among orphan's teenagers in Makkah, The study also aimed to identify the differences between the teenagers average scores on some dimensions of a scale of level of aspiration according to (level- age), the study sample consisted of all teenager girls who were in an orphan house in Makkah called “Dar Alzhour”; they were 29 teenagers. The researchers used descriptive and comparative research design, a scale of irrational ideas; prepared by Motaaz Abdullah and Mohamd Abdulrhman (2002) and developed by the researcher, was used alongside with the scale of level of aspiration; prepared by Amal Bathah (2004) and developed by the researcher. The two scales were tested and validated in both had high level of validity and reliability. The research results showed that the average of the irrational ideas spread among the study sample was (3.38) which was average score, whereas the average of the level of aspiration was (3.48) which was a high score. There was no statistically significant relationship between the irrational beliefs and level of aspiration among the study sample, there was no statistically significant differences in the means at the degree of irrational beliefs according to (level- age), and there was no statistically significant relationship the means at the degree of aspiration level according to (level- age). The important recommendations of the researcher were as follows: to focus on preventive counseling programs aimed at educating rational and logical thinking among orphans as part of the personality education and mental health programs, to adopt modern trends in psychosocial treatment when dealing with orphans' problems, to pay attention to the employment of specialists who are prepared and qualified professionally and ethically, to investigate the surrogate mother before handing over work, and finally, to involve orphans in identifying programs and activities that reflect their needs, and integrate them into society from an early age.
The Rise of the Third Rome: Russkii Mir and the Rebirth of Christendom
Authors: Goodin David K.
Published: August 2021

This essay brings Douglas John Hall’s engagement with the theology of the cross for a post-Christendom context into dialogue with the political theology of Russkii mir by the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). Russkii mir is a theology that claims to be Christendom reborn. It signals a new alliance between the ROC and the Russian Federation by sanctioning military conquest of foreign lands, including Crimea and the ongoing conflict in eastern Ukraine. This essay documents the emergence of this new political theology in terms of its historical precedents and how this history is being distorted, and even invented, to justify the claims to Christendom. Particular attention is given to the architecture and militaristic symbolism for the newly christened Cathedral for the Russian Armed Forces, dedicated on June 14th, 2020. Finally, these claims are critically examined using Hall’s theology of the cross as a disestablishment for all such “theologies of glory” in light of scripture, tradition, and the true mission of the church. I also bring Hall’s work into dialogue with similar thought from the Orthodox East.
SOCIAL CRITICISM IN THE SHORT STORIES MISS DURINA MAWARNI OF HARRIS EFFENDI THAHAR
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to explore the social aspects contained in the short story. The research method is the method of content analysis. This type of research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques are document techniques. Data analysis techniques, namely: (1) identifying data, (2) classifying data, (3) describing data, and (4) concluding data.  The results of the research obtained are the short story Of Mrs. Durina Mawarni by Harris Effendi Thahar contains social aspects in the form of (1) loss of trust (wife-husband); (2) the dilemma of an aide; and (3) social aspects related to polygamy
GENDER INJUSTICE IN THE NOVEL BASIRAH BY YETTI A.KA GENDER INJUSTICE IN THE NOVEL BASIRAH BY YETTI A.KA
Authors: Septia Emil , Yusandra Titiek Fujita , Yolanda Meriska
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata, kalimat yang berhubungan dengan ketidakadilan gender. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah novel Basirah karya Yetti A.KA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka diperoleh data bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender dalam novel Basirah karya Yetti A.KA, yang terdiri dari subordinasi, stereotipe, kekerasan (violence), dan beban kerja. Pada faktor penyebab ketidakadilan gender dalam novel Basirah karya Yetti A.KA terdiri dari mitos yang berlangsung turun temurun di masyarakat, budaya patriarki, dan sistem kapitalis yang berlaku. Bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender yang paling dominan ditemukan dalam novel Basirah karya Yetti A.KA adalah bentuk kekerasan. Dan faktor penyebab dalam ketidakadilan gender yang paling dominan ditemukan dalam novel Basirah karya Yetti A.KA adalah budaya patriarki.