About Possible Directions Reforming the un Security Council and the Organization Itself
Authors: Vyshkovska Valentina ,   Dubna branch of the University ", Popov Anatoliy ,   Ukraine",   Lutsk Institute of Human Development of the University "Ukraine"
Published: May 2023

The article examines the current problems of reforming the United Nations in connection with the inefficient activity of its main body - the Security Council. The authors analyze the ways of change proposed by a number of countries, including Ukraine, as well as their legal justification in the doctrine. According to the authors, in addition to the need to properly respond to Russia's unprecedented violations of international law, the civilized world needs to make other adequate conclusions and actions. In particular, it should be taken into account that a new balance of power between the centers of influence has developed in international relations today. The analysis of the real activity of the UN and its main body, the Security Council, should include an assessment of not only the legal, but also the practical mechanism of their activity ("cascade effect", etc.) The authors emphasize the lack of consensus of the Security Council with the General Assembly in such clusters as the allocation of seats between regional groups, categories of new members, preservation or abolition of the veto. At the same time, problematic issues of peacekeeping in connection with the use of the right of veto by the Russian Federation may arise from the illegal actions of other permanent members of the Security Council. For example, China's aggressive actions towards Taiwan. It is possible to ensure this in the future only by removing the very possibility of using the right of veto altogether, or under certain conditions. According to the authors, the desired result can be achieved by questioning the continuation of the membership of the former Soviet Union in the United Nations by the Russian Federation. One of the means here should be the use of the relevant provisions of the 1978 Vienna Convention on Succession of States in respect of treaties. At the same time, problematic issues of peacekeeping in connection with the use of the right of veto by the Russian Federation may arise from the illegal actions of other permanent members of the Security Council. For example, China's aggressive actions towards Taiwan. It is possible to ensure this in the future only by removing the very possibility of using the right of veto altogether, or under certain conditions. According to the authors, the continuation of the membership of the former Soviet Union in the United Nations by the Russian Federation is illegal. One of the means here should be the use of the relevant provisions of the 1978 Vienna Convention on the Succession of States with respect to treaties. The step-by-step stages of Russia's exclusion from the UN include its exclusion from UN bodies and programs. One of the most interesting projects of reforming membership in the UN Security Council is the project of representing civilizations, as well as the involvement of regional groups in maintaining peace. The authors will support with their arguments the position of those scientists who believe that the reform of the UN should include the reform of the bodies of this organization.