bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Particle ratios within EPOS, UrQMD and thermal models at AGS, SPS and RHIC energies
Authors: Hanafy Mahmoud , Tawfik Abdel Nasser , Maher Muhammad , Scheinast Werner
Published: September 2021

The particle ratios [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] measured at AGS, SPS and RHIC energies are compared with large statistical ensembles of 100,000 events deduced from the CRMC EPOS [Formula: see text] and the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) hybrid model. In the UrQMD hybrid model two types of phase transitions are taken into account. All these data are then confronted with the ideal Hadron Resonance Gas Model. The two types of phase transitions are apparently indistinguishable. Apart from [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], the UrQMD hybrid model agrees well with the CRMC EPOS [Formula: see text]. We also conclude that the CRMC EPOS [Formula: see text] seems to largely underestimate [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Investigation on the Maximum Expansion Length of Urban Rail Transit Double-Tower Cable-Stayed Bridges Without Rail Expansion Device
Authors: Zhang Ji , Wu Dingjun , Li Qi
Published: September 2021

Cable-stayed bridges carrying urban rail transit are often equipped with rail expansion devices (REDs) to avoid possible breaking or buckling of the rails. Such devices not only increase construction and maintenance budgets of the track system, but also endanger ride comfort and safety of the trains. Therefore, the maximum expansion length of cable-stayed bridges without the adoption of RED is investigated and presented in this paper. Finite element models of cable-stayed bridges with various lengths are developed based on design parameters of existing bridges with similar lengths. A friction-spring model is utilized to simulate the nonlinear resistance history of fasteners under various loading cases. Track–bridge interactions are then studied by varying the longitudinal restraint conditions for the cable-stayed bridges. The investigation reveals that the admissible overall rail stress allows a maximum expansion length of about 400[Formula: see text]m for urban rail transit double-tower cable-stayed bridge paved with the ballastless track and WJ-2 small resistance fasteners. This finding provides theoretical bases and practical guidelines for the saving of REDs for many large-span urban rail transit bridges in future design.
Evaluation Index of CRTS III Prefabricated Slab Track Cracking Condition Based on Interval AHP
Authors: Deng Shi-Jie , Zhang Ying , Ren Juan-Juan , Yang Ke-Xin , Liu Kuan , Liu Ming-Ming
Published: September 2021

The cracking damage of the high-speed railway slab track seriously affects its durability and service life. The cracking condition index (CCI) for the China railway track system (CRTS) III prefabricated slab track and the corresponding calculation methods were proposed to realize the scientific management and guide the maintenance more reasonably. In order to ensure the objectivity and rationality of each parameter’s weight, first, the finite-element (FE) model of CRTS III prefabricated slab track with surface cracks was established to analyze the crack growth behavior, based on the fracture mechanics theory. The results show that the crack growth rate of transverse cracks at the same depth is greater than that of longitudinal cracks and significantly greater than that of through cracks. Then 437 valid questionnaires were obtained through expert consultation. Combining the subjective factors of expert evaluation with the objective factors of numerical simulation, the Delphi method and interval analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used to establish the structural hierarchy, which could determine the weight of each parameter. After that, it was applied to an engineering example. The results show that the weights obtained by the comprehensive method combining the Delphi method and the interval AHP are more objective. Furthermore, the evaluation method was applied to the engineering example, obtaining the slab track CCI within [70.91, 72.83] points, which verified the rationality of the evaluation method. In short, the index evaluation method can quantitatively analyze the cracking severity of the track slab, which has important reference and practical value for line maintenance.
PS-hollow representations of modules over commutative rings
Authors: Abuhlail Jawad , Hroub Hamza
Published: September 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a commutative ring and [Formula: see text] a nonzero [Formula: see text]-module. We introduce the class of pseudo-strongly (PS)-hollow submodules of [Formula: see text]. Inspired by the theory of modules with secondary representations, we investigate modules which can be written as finite sums of PS-hollow submodules. In particular, we provide existence and uniqueness theorems for the existence of minimal PS-hollow strongly representations of modules over Artinian rings.
Preparation of Magnetic Temperature-Sensitive Polymer Composite Carrier and Study on Immobilized Penicillin G Acylase
Authors: Tu Hongyi , Zhou Yongshan , Liu Chunli , Chen Zhenbin
Published: September 2021

This work designed and prepared a novel type of carrier for immobilization of penicillin G acylase (PGA), and then the performances of the immobilized PGA were studied in detail. The process is presented as follows: First, dopamine (DA), an adhesive biological secondary metabolite, was adopted to form a polydopamine (PDA) coating on the surface of Fe3O4nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by the inverse microemulsion method to generate Fe3O4@PDA NPs through in-situ polymerization. After that, the obtained Fe3O4@PDA NPs were modified by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) reagent containing carboxyl groups on its surface. Then, taking N,N diethyl acrylamide (DEA) as the temperature-sensitive monomer, [Formula: see text]-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as the hydrophilic monomer, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the target monomer and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the monomer controlling the distance between targets, through the “Grafting from” strategy and the RAFT polymerization method, the magnetic temperature-sensitive polymer composite, Fe3O4@PDA-g-PDEA-b-PHEMA-b-P(MMA-co-GMA) NPs with different feeding ratios of MMA/GMA, was prepared to realize the immobilization of penicillin G acylase (PGA). Based on samples prepared at each stage of the carrier, the structure and performances were characterized by Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Vibration Specimen Magnetometer (VSM), respectively. Besides, the content of RAFT graft Fe3O4@PDA was also quantitatively characterized by ICP, and the molecular weight of the polymer was characterized by mass spectrometry. Result showed that the target space influenced enzyme load capacity (ELC), enzyme activity (EA) and enzyme activity recovery rate (EAR) at a large degree, and there was no positive relationship between ELC to EA and EAR. Last, performances of the immobilized PGA, including relative enzyme activity ([Formula: see text]) of immobilized PGA, were 83.9% after storing for 90 days, and 90.3% of the initial activities were still retained after 12 times of repeated use, and the catalytic stability (temperature, pH) and Michaelis–Menten const [Formula: see text] were investigated with free PGA as control if operation was allowed.
Effect of Macroscopic Crystallization Modification on the Energy Storage Performance of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Hexafluoropropylene)
Authors: Sun Weiye , Chen Fujia , Zhou Yujiu , Zhao Yuetao , Xu Jianhua , Yang Yajie , Yang Wenyao
Published: September 2021

The application prospects of dielectric materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride polymers in the field of energy storage have stimulated extensive research, and the performances are mainly affected by crystallization. However, most of them are focused on the influences of single-layer crystalline rather than macroscopic structures. In this study, a unique sandwich structure is proposed by combining layer-by-layer casting and multi-step thermal processing methods to control the macroscopic crystallization in each layer. Four heating temperatures were first set, and it was found that as the drying temperature increases, the films present different crystallization, which results in different dielectric performances. According to this feature, a sandwich structure was proposed for modification of macroscopic crystallization and the influences on energy storage performance were studied. After macroscopic modification of the crystallization, a low loss [Formula: see text], high energy density (7.12[Formula: see text]J/cc) with the highest charge-discharging efficiency was obtained, which presents the advantages of this methods, and the related mechanisms were discussed.
Porous TiO2−x with oxygen deficiency as sulfur host for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yang Yuman , Zhang Yi , Yang Meng , Zhao Xiangyu
Published: September 2021

The dissolution and shuttle behavior of lithium polysulfides has been considered to be one of the serious problems restricting the development of lithium−sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Polar compounds are regarded as promising sulfur host materials due to their strong chemical adsorption to lithium polysulfides. Herein, polar TiO[Formula: see text] with porous structure is employed as the sulfur host, which has a high specific surface area and provides nanoconfined space for storage and adsorption of sulfur species. As a result, the as-prepared S@TiO[Formula: see text] cathode exhibits significantly enhanced reversible capacity, cycling stability, and reaction kinetics compared to those of the as-prepared S@TiO2 cathode.
Experiments in Surface Gravity–Capillary Wave Turbulence
Authors: Falcon Eric , Mordant Nicolas
Published: September 2021

The last decade has seen a significant increase in the number of studies devoted to wave turbulence. Many deal with water waves, as modeling of ocean waves has historically motivated the development of weak turbulence theory, which addresses the dynamics of a random ensemble of weakly nonlinear waves in interaction. Recent advances in experiments have shown that this theoretical picture is too idealized to capture experimental observations. While gravity dominates much of the oceanic spectrum, waves observed in the laboratory are in fact gravity–capillary waves, due to the restricted size of wave basins. This richer physics induces many interleaved physical effects far beyond the theoretical framework, notably in the vicinity of the gravity–capillary crossover. These include dissipation, finite–system size effects, and finite nonlinearity effects. Simultaneous space-and-time-resolved techniques, now available, open the way for a much more advanced analysis of these effects.
How I Got Here and Where I'm Going Next
Authors: Thomason Sarah G.
Published: September 2021

My career falls into two distinct periods. The first two decades featured insecurity combined with the luck of wandering into situations that ultimately helped me become a better linguist and a better teacher. I had the insecurity mostly under control by the watershed year of 1988, when I published a favorably reviewed coauthored book on language contact and also became editor of Language. Language contact has occupied most of my research time since then, but my first encounter with Séliš-Ql'ispé (a.k.a. Montana Salish), in 1981, led to a 40-year dedication to finding out more about the language and its history.
A Two-Stage Estimator for Change Point in the Mean of Panel Data
Authors: Zhao Wenzhi , Yang Yinqian , Zhang Di
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a two-stage consistency estimator for change point in the mean of panel data is given. Firstly, a single sequence is extracted, and the initial estimator and confidence interval of the change point are given by the least square method. Based on the confidence interval, a random interval containing change point with probability tending to 1 is constructed. Secondly, using all panel data falling into the random interval, the final estimator of change point is obtained by least square estimation. The asymptotic distribution is established. Simulation results show that our method can not only ensure the estimation accuracy but also greatly reduce time complexity.
Identification of Potential Core Genes in Parkinson’s Disease Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Quan Wei , Li Jia , Jin Xiya , Liu Li , Zhang Qinghui , Qin Yidan , Pei Xiaochen , Chen Jiajun
Published: September 2021

Purpose. This study aimed to explore new core genes related to the occurrence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and core genes that can lead to the progression of PD. Methods. The expression profile data of GSE42966, which contained six substantia nigra tissues isolated from normal individuals and nine substantia nigra tissues isolated from patients with PD, were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. We then identified 10 hub genes and analyzed their expression in different Braak stages. Results. A total of 773 DEGs were identified that were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways. Ten hub genes were identified through the PPI network, namely, GNG3, MAPK1, FPR1, ATP5B, GNG2, PRKACA, HRAS, HSPA8, PSAP, and GABBR2. The expression of HRAS was different in patients with PD with Braak stages 3 and 4. Conclusion. These 10 hub genes and the metabolic pathways they are enriched in may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. HRAS may have potential value in predicting the progression of PD.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polypropylene/Ramie Fiber with Hemp Fiber and Coir Fiber Natural Biopolymer Composite for Biomedical Application
Authors: Sathish T. , Palani Kumaran , Natrayan L. , Merneedi Anjibabu , De Poures Melvin Victor , Singaravelu Dinesh Kumar
Published: September 2021

In the current scenario, many natural fibers available in the world can be used in various applications in the day-to-day life of biomedical products, automobile parts, industrial products, etc. Biocomposites can replace or serve as a framework allowing the regeneration of traumatized, degenerated tissues, and organs, thus, improving the patients’ quality of life. This research work is aimed at fabricating and investigating the natural biopolymer composites for biomedical applications. There are two sets of fiber composites fabricated in this research work. Ramie fiber considers a common base fiber for both composites. Hemp fibers and coir fibers were considered as filler in this research work. Biodegradable and bioresorbable polypropylene resins are used to fabricate the biocomposite using the compression moulding technique. Different proportion specimen mechanical properties were compared for bone fixtures and joint applications. The contour plots and bar charts were plotted to identify the variations in the volume percentage. The individual fiber specimens also have significant properties when compared with the composite fibers. Then, the individual superior property-based combinations such as hemp and coir fiber mixed with biodegradable and bioresorbable polypropylene/ramie fiber were recommended to produce joints and bone fixtures to alleviate pain for patients.
Effects of One‐Fifth, One‐Third, and One‐Half of the Bodyweight Lumbar Traction on the Straight Leg Raise Test and Pain in Prolapsed Intervertebral Disc Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kumari Anita , Quddus Nishat , Meena Prachi Raj , Alghadir Ahmad H. , Khan Masood
Published: September 2021

The prolapsed intervertebral disc (PIVD) at the lumbar spine is one of the most common causes of low back pain (LBP) affecting humans worldwide. Lumbar traction is widely used as a part of physiotherapeutic modalities for its treatment; however, reports on its effectiveness and dosage are conflicting. This study is aimed at comparing the acute effects of three traction forces on the straight leg raise (SLR) test and LBP intensity. A total of 45 (age 35.53 yrs., ±3.09) participants with 15 participants in each group were recruited for the study. Participants were divided into groups A, B, and C wherein traction forces equal to one‐fifth, one‐third, and one‐half of their bodyweight were applied, respectively. SLR range of motion (ROM) and pain were examined before and immediately after the application of traction. Significant improvement was observed in SLR ROM in all three groups (p < 0.05). However, for pain, significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed only in the group with one‐half of bodyweight force. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the three groups for both variables. All three forces were equally effective in immediately improving SLR ROM in patients suffering from lumbar PIVD; however, pain improvement was observed with one‐half of bodyweight only.
Effect of Harvesting Ages on Yield and Yield Components of Sugar Cane Varieties Cultivated at Finchaa Sugar Factory, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Urgesa Gemechis Dugasa , Keyata Ebisa Olika
Published: September 2021

This study was initiated with the objective of determining the effect of different harvesting ages (12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 months) on yield and yield components of selected the two sugar cane varieties (B52/298 and NCo 334) grown in Finchaa sugar factory, Oromia, Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted at Finchaa sugarcane plantation using a randomized complete block design of a factorial arrangement of

2
×
5

with three replications. The data were performed using SAS version 9.3, and a significant difference was considered at

p
≤
0.05

. The results showed that B52/298 variety had a higher estimated recoverable sucrose than NCo 334 variety. The results also indicated that as harvesting ages increase yield, yield components of sugar cane quality are increased. The maximum sugar yield of 1.89-ton ha-1 month-1 was obtained at the harvesting age of 15 months. There was a significant difference (

p
<
0.05

) between harvesting age and sugarcane varieties on cane yield, sugar yield, brix percent juice, pol percent, and recoverable sugar. Generally, the findings imply that as harvesting ages in month increase, brix percent juice, estimated recoverable sucrose, and sucrose percentage in both varieties were simultaneously increased. The findings suggested that B52/298 sugar cane variety with harvesting age between 14 and 16 is highly recommended to obtain optimum sugar cane yield and yield components at the tropical areas of Finchaa sugar factory.
A Novel Security Methodology for Smart Grids: A Case Study of Microcomputer‐Based Encryption for PMU Devices
Authors: Varan Metin , Akgul Akif , Kurugollu Fatih , Sansli Ahmet , Smith Kim
Published: September 2021

Coordination of a power system with the phasor measurement devices (PMUs) in real time on the load and generation sides is carried out within the context of smart grid studies. Power systems equipped with information systems in a smart grid pace with external security threats. Developing a smart grid which can resist against cyber threats is considered indispensable for the uninterrupted operation. In this study, a two‐way secure communication methodology underpinned by a chaos‐based encryption algorithm for PMU devices is proposed. The proposed system uses the IEEE‐14 busbar system on which the optimum PMU placement has been installed. The proposed hyperchaotic system‐based encryption method is applied as a new security methodology among PMU devices. The success of results is evaluated by the completeness of data exchange, durations, the complexity of encryption‐decryption processes, and strength of cryptography using a microcomputer‐based implementation. The results show that the proposed microcomputer‐based encryption algorithms can be directly embedded as encryption hardware units into PMU and PDC devices which have very fast signal processing capabilities taking into considerations the acceptable delay time for power system protection and measuring applications and quality metering applications which is 2 ms and 10 ms, respectively. While proposed algorithms can be used in TCP or UDP over IP‐based IEEE C37.118, IEC 61850, and IEC 61850‐90‐5 communication frameworks, they can also be embedded into electronic cards, smartcards, or smart tokens which are utilized for authentication among smart grid components.
Causal Discovery of Flight Service Process Based on Event Sequence
Authors: Luo Qian , Zhang Lin , Xing Zhiwei , Xia Huan , Chen Zhao-Xin
Published: September 2021

The development of the civil aviation industry has continuously increased the requirements for the efficiency of airport ground support services. In the existing ground support research, there has not yet been a process model that directly obtains support from the ground support log to study the causal relationship between service nodes and flight delays. Most ground support studies mainly use machine learning methods to predict flight delays, and the flight support model they are based on is an ideal model. The study did not conduct an in-depth study of the causal mechanism behind the ground support link and did not reveal the true cause of flight delays. Therefore, there is a certain deviation in the prediction of flight delays by machine learning, and there is a certain deviation between the ideal model based on the research and the actual service process. Therefore, it is of practical significance to obtain the process model from the guarantee log and analyze its causality. However, the existing process causal factor discovery methods only do certain research when the assumption of causal sufficiency is established and does not consider the existence of latent variables. Therefore, this article proposes a framework to realize the discovery of process causal factors without assuming causal sufficiency. The optimized fuzzy mining process model is used as the service benchmark model, and the local causal discovery algorithm is used to discover the causal factors. Under this framework, this paper proposes a new Markov blanket discovery algorithm that does not assume causal sufficiency to discover causal factors and uses benchmark data sets for testing. Finally, the actual flight service data are used for causal discovery among flight service nodes. The local causal discovery algorithm proposed in this paper has a certain competitive advantage in accuracy, F1, and other aspects of the existing causal discovery algorithm. It avoids the occurrence of its dimensional disaster. Through the in-depth analysis of the flight safety reason node discovered by this method, it is found that the unreasonable scheduling of flight support personnel is an important reason for frequent flight delays at the airport.
Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Polymorphisms with Mild Cognitive Impairment Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sun Jiahui , Jiang Xuefan , Zhao Ming , Ma Lina , Pei Hui , Liu Nanyang , Li Hao
Published: September 2021

Background. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T (rs1801133) gene polymorphisms are related to a growing risk of Alzheimer’s disease; however, whether this association applies to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains unclear. Objective. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the contribution of MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants to the risk of MCI. Methods. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from their inception to March 21, 2021, with language restricted to English or Chinese. We used fixed or random effects to examine the association between MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants and MCI susceptibility. Forest plots of pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated. Results. Eight articles with 2,175 participants were included in the present meta-analysis. There was no significant association between MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene variants and MCI susceptibility under the allelic (OR, 1.318; 95% CI, 0.964–1.801;

p
=
0.084

), dominant (OR, 1.296; 95% CI, 0.925–1.817;

p
=
0.132

), recessive (OR, 1.397; 95% CI, 0.845–2.312;

p
=
0.193

), heterozygous (OR, 1.031; 95% CI, 0.855–1.243;

p
=
0.749

), or homozygous (OR, 1.506; 95% CI, 0.850–2.667;

p
=
0.160

) models. Conclusion. The results suggest that MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) gene polymorphisms are not associated with MCI susceptibility. However, large-scale studies covering various factors are required.
Fractional Operators in
p
-adic Variable Exponent Lebesgue Spaces and Application to
p
-adic Derivative
Authors: Chacón-Cortés Leonardo Fabio , Rafeiro Humberto
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we prove the boundedness of the fractional maximal and the fractional integral operator in the

p

-adic variable exponent Lebesgue spaces. As an application, we show the existence and uniqueness of the solution for a nonhomogeneous Cauchy problem in the

p

-adic variable exponent Lebesgue spaces.
Interobserver and Intraobserver Reliabilities of Three-Dimensional Postoperative Evaluation Software in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Konno Kenta , Hagiwara Shigeo , Nakamura Junichi , Kawarai Yuya , Orita Sumihisa , Eguchi Yawara , Ohtori Seiji
Published: September 2021

Background. In primary and revision total hip arthroplasty, to prevent perioperative complications, the prediction of the optimal implant size is essential. Using three-dimensional computed tomography-based postoperative evaluation software, we explored the accuracy and the precision of measurement of the size, alignment, and position of the prosthetic components after total hip arthroplasty. Methods. Using postoperative evaluation software, the postoperative computed tomography data from 20 hips in 20 patients were evaluated. The component size, alignment, and three-dimensional positioning of the cup and stem were assessed. The concordance rates of the component, repeatability (intraobserver reliability), and reproducibility (interobserver reliability) of postoperative evaluation were calculated. The radiographic inclination and radiographic anteversion of the cup, anteversion, varus–valgus angle, and flexion–extension angles of the stem were measured for alignment. The implant positioning was measured along three axes, namely, X-axis (transverse), Y-axis (sagittal), and Z-axis (longitudinal). Results. The concordance rates of all parts are above 94%. The intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients of alignment measurement were very good for both cup (0.879–0.964) and stem (0.973–0.996). The intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients of cup positioning were very good (0.961–0.987) for all axes. The intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients of implant positioning were very good for the stem (0.879–0.995) for all axes. Conclusions. Computed tomography-based postoperative evaluation software was able to evaluate the size and position of total hip implants with high reproducibility.
Design and Implementation of Multidimensional Interaction in Online English Course under the Assistance of Omnimedia
Authors: Cao Ming
Published: September 2021

The method of multidimensional interaction in online teaching and learning requires teachers to harness the techniques of omnimedia and have an overall course design to achieve similar results as offline learning. Supported by QQ, Lanmo Cloud Class, and WeChat platforms, online English courses implement multidimensional interaction method to enhance language communication. This method compensates for the inefficacy of online teaching and learning which falls short of face-to-face interaction and considers the needs of students. The quasiexperimental study sampled 66 freshmen English major students in an ordinary college via Integrated English Online Course for three months. By using T-test of SPSS 26.0, statistics showed that there were significant differences between the experimental class (Number 35) and the control class (Number 31) in students’ feedback (p=0.044,<0.05) and the results of their final examinations (p=0.049,<0.05). The results indicated that multidimensional interaction in online English course under the assistance of omnimedia appeared effective. It also reflected that both teachers and students should grasp the skills of using new technology and make good use of omnimedia network platform. Teachers need to change traditional teaching concept to student-centered and create effective teaching design while students need to overcome the discomfort and actively engage in online learning to achieve the goals.
Detection of Changes of Ancient Buildings from Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Ma Rongqing , Gao Ruoyi
Published: September 2021

Ancient buildings have various geometric and material changes caused by the historical and natural factors, and their comprehensive detection has also been a more important challenge. This way, in this paper, a flexible, scientific approach from terrestrial laser scanning and hyperspectral imaging is provided for this issue. It is possible to flexibly and accurately detect some potential crisis, which cannot be found in some surface phenomena of historical buildings. Furthermore, one of the main characteristic of this method is that the time and place of the two data acquisition need not be limited, but they can be accurately fused. Another one of the main features is that the fusion data can synthetically detect geometric and material changes of historical buildings. This method was applied to the case study of the Beijing Tianningsi Tower, an extremely dazzling pearl of the Chinese Buddhist pagoda, on which the signs of deformation and restoration were found in the tower shape and in the tower-body sculpture. It was possible to assess the typical physical, chemical, and biological changes of historical buildings, to provide scientific basis for comprehensive research. The results demonstrate that this method is feasible and applicable for detecting changes of ancient buildings and is applied to similar research using more analytical methods for multisource data.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite- (HAP-) Clay Composites and Adsorption Studies on Methylene Blue for Water Treatment
Authors: Annan Ebenezer , Arkorful Grace Karikari , Konadu David Sasu , Asimeng Bernard , Dodoo-Arhin David , Egblewogbe Martin
Published: September 2021

Dyes used by the textile, tannery, and food industries tend to pollute water bodies and must be removed to get clean water. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) was synthesized from eggshells using the wet precipitation process. The as-synthesized HAP was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The synthesized HAP was mixed with three different clays: halloysite (HNT), kaolinite (KAO), and bentonite (BENT). The removal efficiency values of methylene blue (MB) from the data showed that HAP-BENT adsorbents had higher values, followed by HAP-HNT and then HAP-KAO adsorbents. The combined masses of 24 mg, 34.5 mg, and 33 mg (representing 20%, 15%, and 10% of HAP-BENT mass) had average adsorption capacity values of 20.7 mg/g, 17.2 mg/g, and 17.9 mg/g, respectively. For each mass percentage, the adsorption capacity values were found to decrease with adsorbent dosage. The HAP-BENT composites had removal efficiency values of 98.4, 91.9%, and 91.9%, respectively. Adsorption data for the HAP-BENT adsorbents were found to be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The effect of temperature on adsorption capacity was evaluated and thermodynamical modeling was undertaken. The thermodynamical modeling predicts that based on the value of the change in enthalpy and Gibbs free energy the process was exothermic and spontaneous. This work confirms the potential of HAP-clay composites in removing MB from water.
Design and Impedance Modeling of a Compact Sequentially Rotated Quasi-Lumped Antenna Array for Wi-Fi Applications
Authors: Qasaymeh Yazeed M. I.
Published: September 2021

In this study, a miniaturized 2 × 2 sequentially rotated (SR), circularly polarized (CP), and quasi-lumped antenna array that resonates in the IEEE 802.11a band is introduced. The shorting pins technique is implemented to achieve circular radiation patterns, and the resonating elements are excited using a SR quarter-wavelength feeding network. A resonance model of the four radiating elements array is postulated to give a physical insight into the relative dimensions and to allow for a study of the resonance characteristics and the effect of the shorting pins. An antenna model is simulated, fabricated, and measured to authenticate this arrangement, giving results of |S11| < −10 dB and axial ratio (AR) < 3 dB for bandwidths of 3.85% (5.645–5.867 GHz) and 1.54% (5.77–5.86 GHz) for right-hand circular polarization (RHCP). The size of the antenna array structure is

0.696

λ

0

×
0.599

λ

0

×
0.0157

λ

0

at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz.
[Retracted] Application of Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Model in Gas Path Fault Intelligent Diagnosis of Gas Turbine
Authors: Luo Yulong
Published: September 2021

Gas turbine is widely used because of its advantages of fast start and stop, no pollution, and high thermal efficiency. However, the working environment of high temperature, high pressure, and high speed makes the gas turbine prone to failure. The traditional gas path fault intelligent diagnosis scheme of the gas turbine has the problems of poor control effect and low scheduling accuracy. Experiment studies the application of neural network and reinforcement learning algorithm in gas path fault intelligent diagnosis of the gas turbine. The accurate control of fault diagnosis planning is realized from gas path fault diagnosis, daily maintenance, service condition monitoring, power utilization rate, and other aspects of the gas turbine. The reinforcement learning model can realize the intelligent diagnosis and record of gas path fault of the gas turbine, to achieve diversified analysis and intelligent diagnosis scheme. Through neural network algorithm and deep learning technology, the whole process monitoring of the gas turbine is realized, and the failure rate of the gas turbine in the working process is reduced. The experimental results show that, compared with the thermal fault diagnosis method and the fault diagnosis method of the electric percussion drill, using thermal imaging, the gas turbine gas path fault intelligent diagnosis model based on the reinforcement learning algorithm can complete the data information in the process of real‐time data transmission. The quantified conversion and processing of the system has the advantages of higher control accuracy and faster response speed, which can effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.
SW‐LZMA: Parallel Implementation of LZMA Based on SW26010 Many‐Core Processor
Authors: Li Bingzheng , Xu Jinchen , Liu Zijing
Published: September 2021

With the development of high‐performance computing and big data applications, the scale of data transmitted, stored, and processed by high‐performance computing cluster systems is increasing explosively. Efficient compression of large‐scale data and reducing the space required for data storage and transmission is one of the keys to improving the performance of high‐performance computing cluster systems. In this paper, we present SW‐LZMA, a parallel design and optimization of LZMA based on the Sunway 26010 heterogeneous many‐core processor. Combined with the characteristics of SW26010 processors, we analyse the storage space requirements, memory access characteristics, and hotspot functions of the LZMA algorithm and implement the thread‐level parallelism of the LZMA algorithm based on Athread interface. Furthermore, we make a fine‐grained layout of LDM address space to achieve DMA double buffer cyclic sliding window algorithm, which optimizes the performance of SW‐LZMA. The experimental results show that compared with the serial baseline implementation of LZMA, the parallel LZMA algorithm obtains a maximum speedup ratio of 4.1 times using the Silesia corpus benchmark, while on the large‐scale data set, speedup is 5.3 times.
Intelligent Algorithm-Based Picture Archiving and Communication System of MRI Images and Radiology Information System-Based Medical Informatization
Authors: Liu Biao , Tan Baogao , Huang Lidi , Wei Jingxin , Mo Xulin , Zheng Jintian , Luo Hanchuan
Published: September 2021

Objective. The study aimed to explore the application value of picture archiving and communication system (PCAS) of MRI images based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm combined with the radiology information system (RIS). Methods. 551 patients who required MRI examination in a hospital from May 2016 to May 2021 were selected as research subjects. Patients were divided into two groups according to their own wishes. Those who were willing to use the RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS were set as the combined group, involving a total of 278 cases; those who were unwilling were set as the regular group, involving a total of 273 cases. The RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS was trained and tested for classification performance and then used for comparison analysis. Result. The actual output (0.031259–0.038515) of all test samples was almost the same as the target output (0.000000) (

P

 > 0.05). In the first 50,000 learnings, the iteration error of the RBF neural network dropped rapidly and finally stabilized at 0.038. The classification accuracy of the RBF neural network algorithm-based PCAS of MRI images combined with RIS for the head was 94.28%, that of abdomen was 97.22%, and it was 93.10% for knee joint, showing no statistically significant differences (

P

 > 0.05), and the total classification accuracy was as high as 95%. The time spent in the examination in the combined group was about 2 hours, and that in the regular group was about 4 hours (

P

 > 0.05). The satisfaction of the combined group (96.76%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (46.89%) (

P

 > 0.05). Conclusion. The RBF neural network has good classification performance for MRI images. To incorporate intelligent algorithms into the medical information system can optimize the system. RBF has good application prospects in the medical information system, and it is worthy of continuous exploration.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Feature Analysis and Evaluation of Tubal Patency under Convolutional Neural Network in the Diagnosis of Infertility
Authors: Liu Na , Ren Qingling
Published: September 2021

To explore the diagnostic value of MRI image features based on convolutional neural network for tubal unobstructed infertility, 30 infertile female patients were first selected as the research objects, who admitted to the hospital from May 2018 to January 2020. They all underwent routine MRI examinations and CNN-based MR-hysteron-salpingography (HSG) examinations, in order to discuss the diagnostic accuracy of the two examinations. In the research, it was necessary to observe the patients’ imaging results, calculate the diagnosis rate of the two examination results, and analyze the application effect of the CNN algorithm, thereby selecting the best reconstruction method. In this study, the analysis was conducted on the basis of no statistical difference in the baseline data of the included patients. The results of undersampling reconstruction at 2-fold, 4-fold, and 6-fold showed that CNN for data consistency layer (CNN_DC) had a better effect, and its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) was lower sharply than that of the other two reconstruction methods, while the normalized mean square error (NMSE) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) were higher markedly than the values of the other two reconstruction methods. The diagnostic rate of routine MRI examination of the fallopian tube and other parts of the uterus was lower than or equal to that of MR-HSG examination by CNN. Routine MRI examinations of fallopian tube imaging artifacts were large, and the definition was reduced, which increased the difficulty of identification. However, MR-HSG examination by CNN indicated that the imaging artifacts were low, the clarity was high, and the influence of noise was small, which was conducive to clinical diagnosis and identification. For endometriosis, the accuracy of MR-HSG was 33.33% and the accuracy of MRI was 46.67%. CNN MR-HSG inspection method was significantly better than the conventional MRI inspection method

P
<
0.05

. Therefore, the results of this study revealed that MR-HSG examination by CNN had a clear imaging effect and obvious inhibition effect on background signals and rapid image generation without the need for reconstruction with the same spatial resolution, which improved the imaging quality and could provide a reference value for clinical diagnosis and subsequent related studies.
Underwater Target Perception in Local HOS Space
Authors: Gao Jue , Zhu Peiyi
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we propose an underwater target perception architecture, which adopts the three‐stage processing including underwater scene acoustic imaging, local high‐order statistics (HOS) space conversion, and region‐of‐interest (ROI) detection. After analysing the problem of the underwater targets represented by the acoustic images, the unique cube structure of the target in local skewness space is noticed, which is used as a clue to develop the ROI detection of underwater scenes. In order to restore the actual appearance of the ROI as much as possible, the focus processing is explored to achieve the target reconstruction. When the target size and number are unknown, using an uncertain theoretical template can achieve a better target reconstruction effect. The performance of the proposed method in terms of SNR, detection rate, and false alarm rate is verified by experiments with several acoustic image sequences. Moreover, target perception architecture is general and can be generalized to a wider range of underwater applications.
Integral Distinguishers of the Full-Round Lightweight Block Cipher SAT_Jo
Authors: Qiu Xueying , Wei Yongzhuang , Hodzic Samir , Pasalic Enes
Published: September 2021

Integral cryptanalysis based on division property is a powerful cryptanalytic method whose range of successful applications was recently extended through the use of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Although this technique was demonstrated to be efficient in specifying distinguishers of reduced round versions of several families of lightweight block ciphers (such as SIMON, PRESENT, and few others), we show that this method provides distinguishers for a full-round block cipher SAT_Jo. SAT_Jo cipher is very similar to the well-known PRESENT block cipher, which has successfully withstood the known cryptanalytic methods. The main difference compared to PRESENT, which turns out to induce severe weaknesses of SAT_Jo algorithm, is its different choice of substitution boxes (S-boxes) and the bit-permutation layer for the reasons of making the cipher highly resource-efficient. Even though the designers provided a security analysis of this scheme against some major generic cryptanalytic methods, an application of the bit-division property in combination with MILP was not considered. By specifying integral distinguishers for the full-round SAT_Jo algorithm using this method, we essentially disapprove its use in intended applications. Using a 30-round distinguisher, we also describe a subkey recovery attack on the SAT_Jo algorithm whose time complexity is about

2

66

encryptions (noting that SAT_Jo is designed to provide 80 bits of security). Moreover, it seems that the choice of bit-permutation induces weak division properties since replacing the original bit-permutation of SAT_Jo by the one used in PRESENT immediately renders integral distinguishers inefficient.
Research on Life Extension Method of Transmission Line Intelligent Sensing System Based on Environmental Energy Harvesting
Authors: Sun Wanli , Liu Yu , Ma Lei , Zhang Ruopu
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we focus on building and researching the self‐power sensor system based on the tiny energy harvesting technology which can be used in the scenario of ubiquitous power Internet of Things (UPIoT) and prove the possibility and efficiency for the life extension of transmission line intelligent sensing system. Large scale of sensor in the smart grid technology application, especially in high‐voltage transmission lines, is not convenient; it is worth mentioning that most of all kinds of sensor node equipment using battery power make the life of the equipment or components limited by greatly. Therefore, low power consumption, long life, no battery dependence, free maintenance, and other requirements are increasingly important to solve the difficulties of deployment and maintenance. At the same time, the problem of the battery case electricity use with low efficiency and short life of sensor node has become the bottleneck of further widely deployed wireless sensor node equipment. The power collection technology based on environmental energy can effectively handle with the problems of energy collection efficiency and management that need to be urgently solved in new application scenarios such as zero‐standby power consumption devices, remote active tags, battery‐free telemetry and remote control, and ultralong life sensing system. By studying various kinds of environmental energy collection technologies and utilizing the conversion and management technologies of available weak environmental energy, such as solar energy and magnetic field energy, into electric energy, this paper establishes an energy conversion test system and configuration model and verifies the feasibility of the assumption of maintenance‐free for the intelligent sensing system of transmission lines.