bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Принципи на изследването на формалните класове при глаголните лексеми в съвременния български книжовен език
Authors: Станчева [Stancheva] Руска [Ruska]
Published: December 2018

Research principles for formal classification of verb lexemes in modern standard Bulgarian The article aims to present new formal classification of verb lexemes in modern standard Bulgarian, based on morphological criteria. The fundamental criterion is the combinatorics of the values of three types of thematic grammemes (praesens, aoristi and imperfectum). Based on this criterion, nine verb classes are distinguished in modern standard Bulgarian. The following steps in formal classification of verb lexemes take into account: representation of grammatical formants (-щ; -н/-т; -и/-е-, -й), verb suffixes, and morphonological alternations. Zasady analizy przy formalnej klasyfikacji leksemów czasownikowych we współczesnym języku bułgarskim Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie nowej formalnej klasyfikacji leksemów czasownikowych we współczesnym języku bułgarskim opartej o kryteria formalne. Podstawowe kryterium stanowi kombinatoryka wartości trzech typów gramemów (praesens, aorist i imperfectum). Na podstawie tych kryteriów wyodrębniono dziewięć klas czasowników we współczesnym języku bułgarskim. Na następnych etapach formalnej klasyfikacji uwzględnia się: obecność formantów gramatycznych (-щ; -н/-т; -и/-е-, -й), końcówki czasowników oraz alternacje morfonologiczne.
Nowe jako (nie)zapomniane stare – „Slavica Lodziensia” (Czasopismo „Slavica Lodziensia”, pod redakcją Anetty Buras-Marciniak. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2017, 175 ss.)
Authors: Melnytska Karina
Published: December 2018

When new is (un)forgotten old – Slavica Lodziensia (Slavica Lodziensia, a journal edited by Anetta Buras-Marciniak. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2017, 175 pp.) A review of the first issue of the new Slavic journal, which follows the tradition of the previously issued yearly Południowosłowiańskie Zeszyty Naukowe. The contents include texts on the languages, cultures and literatures of the South Slavs. Nowe jako (nie)zapomniane stare – „Slavica Lodziensia” (Czasopismo „Slavica Lodziensia” pod redakcją Anetty Buras-Marciniak. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2017, 175 ss.) Recenzja pierwszego numeru nowego pisma slawistycznego „Slavica Lodziensia” pod redakcją Anetty Buras-Marciniak. (Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2017–), kontynuującego tradycję rocznika „Południowosłowiańskie Zeszyty Naukowe”. Na zawartość numeru składają się teksty dotyczące zagadnień języka, kultury oraz literatury Słowiańszczyzny południowej.
Formanty kategorialne – ich miejsce w (semantycznej i formalnej) strukturze języka
Authors: Topolińska Zuzanna
Published: December 2018

Category formants – their place in (semantic and formal) language structure The author argues that the so-called category some of the grammaticalized segments of the corresponding semantic fields that are especially important for successful linguistic communication. She presents semantic categorical paradigms in Polish and in Macedonian, along with their formal correlates, i.e., categorical markers. She states that in the course of time, the old postpositional bound markers, suffixes and infixes are often eliminated, while the prepositional markers (prefixes, prepositions, verbal particles…) multiply. The Macedonian situation demonstrates that this type of evolution is accelerated in multilingual environment. Formanty kategorialne – ich miejsce w (semantycznej i formalnej) strukturze języka Autorka dowodzi, że tzw. formanty kategorialne należą do tych gramatycznych segmentów pól semantycznych, które są szczególnie ważne dla pomyślnej komunikacji językowej. Przedstawia semantyczne paradygmaty kategorii w języku polskim i macedońskim oraz ich formalne, tj. kategorialne, wskaźniki. Stwierdza, że z biegiem czasu stare, postpozycyjne, związane wskaźniki, sufiksy, infiksy, partykuły werbalne są często eliminowane, a wskaźniki przyimkowe (przedrostki, przyimki, cząstki słowne…) multiplikowane. Sytuacja w Macedonii świadczy o tym, że ten rodzaj ewolucji ulega przyspieszeniu w środowisku wielojęzycznym.
Wyrażanie intensywności w językach serbskim i macedońskim
Authors: Cychnerska Anna
Published: December 2018

Expressing intensity in Serbian and Macedonian The article presents the way of expressing intensity in Serbian and Macedonian. The analysis of derivatives was made using the semantic word-formation methodology. It was initially assumed that the close relationship of the languages manifests itself in word-formation. The analysis of derivatives in this category shows a large similarity, such as the occurrence of the same or similar formatives, the distribution of formatives, the variance of formatives, but also that both languages retain their specificity. The results of the research will be presented in two parts. The present part deals with the formatives that appear in both compared languages. The formatives appearing in one of the languages and not the other will be discussed in a further paper. Wyrażanie intensywności w językach serbskim i macedońskim W artykule przedstawiono sposób wyrażania intensywności w językach serbskim i macedońskim. Analizę derywatów słowotwórczych przeprowadzono w metodologii słowotwórstwa semantycznego. Bliskie pokrewieństwo obu języków pozwoliło założyć, że wiele formantów, ich wariantywność i dystrybucja będą w nich zbliżone. Potwierdziła to analiza materiału słownikowego. Obydwa języki zachowują też swoją specyfikę.W niniejszym artykule zostały opisane formanty kategorii intensywności wspólne dla języka serbskiego i języka macedońskiego. Formanty występujące tylko w jednym z porównywanych języków będą przedstawione w odrębnym artykule.
Słowiańskie ujęcia idei „modernitas” („Fabryka Słowian. Modernizacje”, red. nauk. Danuta Sosnowska, Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki UW, 2017, ss. 407)
Authors: Moroz-Grzelak Lilla
Published: December 2018

Slavic visions of the modernitas idea A review of the new collective volume Fabryka Słowian. Modernizacje [Slavic Factory. Modernizations], ed. Danuta Sosnowska, Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki UW, 2017, 407 pp., which is the first part of the research project envisaged for a four-volume series. The publication consists of an introduction written by the editor, the record of a discussion on the leading theme, and eleven articles concerning the titular modernizations, and may be seen as a part of the interdisciplinary trend of contemporary Slavic studies. Słowiańskie ujęcia idei modernitas Recenzja tomu zbiorowego Fabryka Słowian. Modernizacje, red. nauk. Danuta Sosnowska, Warszawa: Wydział Polonistyki UW, 2017, ss. 407, który stanowi pierwszą część projektu badawczego przewidzianego dla czterotomowej serii. Publikacja, składająca się ze wstępu redaktor naukowej, zapisu dyskusji nad tematem wiodącym oraz jedenastu artykułów poświęconych tytułowym modernizacjom, wpisuje się w nurt interdyscyplinarnych współczesnych badań slawistycznych.
Niemcy – migracja jako impuls do krytyki kultury?
Authors: Małecki Wiesław Robert
Published: December 2018

Germany – migration as a culture critic?The common roots of the crisis and criticism indicate that the contemporary „migrant crisis” in Europe can also give a fundamental impulse to the criticism of culture—one so far-reaching that it can lay the foundations for a new cultural identity. The subject of this analysis is Germany as a cultural space in Europe and a unique community. Due to its history and both post- and always pre-national character, it is faced with a great opportunity to create a model of social integration yet unseen on the Old Continent. There is one condition: Germany will need to create a relevant cultural myth. This article presents three possible argumentative paths which show that such a scenario is not unlikely. Niemcy – migracja jako impuls do krytyki kultury?Wspólne korzenie kryzysu i krytyki wskazują, że współczesny „kryzys migracyjny” w Europie może stać się także zasadniczym impulsem do krytyki kultury. Krytyki na tyle daleko idącej, że może ona zrodzić fundamenty nowej kulturowej tożsamości. Przedmiotem analiz są tutaj Niemcy, jako kulturowa przestrzeń w Europie, jako szczególna „wspólnota”, która ze względu na swoją historię i post- a zarazem zawsze już przednarodowy charakter, staje przed ogromną szansą stworzenia niewidzianego na Starym Kontynencie modelu integracji społecznej. Pod warunkiem, że uda się im stworzyć odpowiedni mit kulturowy. W artykule przedstawione zostały trzy możliwe ścieżki argumentacyjne, które wskazują, że taki scenariusz nie jest nieprawdopodobny.
Berberzy na marginesie historii
Authors: Vorbrich Ryszard Maria
Published: December 2018

Berbers marginalized by history The Berbers belong to a group of “nations without state.” They are divided into a number of factions characterized by their own specificity (dialect and way of life), scattered endemically in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt (including Tuareg, in Mali, Niger and Mataranka). They all maintain a certain distance to state authorities (especially in Morocco and Algeria), where they are a significant minority, dominated by Arabic-speaking elites.The total number of Berbers is difficult to ascertain because of the ambiguity of the term “Berber” (which results from different degrees of arabization of Berbers). For centuries they have been Islamic, living in the shadow of the Arab population. Little is known about the significant contribution of Berbers to the development of ancient cultures of the Mediterranean and the first centuries of Christianity. Despite their linguistic and cultural Arabization (Islamization), they have maintained their distinctiveness. Manipulated by colonial France within the framework of the so-called “Berber policy,” they were entangled in conflicts with their Arab counterparts in Algeria and Morocco. Berberzy na marginesie historiiBerberzy należą do „narodów bez państwa”. Dzielą się na szereg odłamów odznaczających się własną specyfiką (dialektem i sposobem życia), rozrzuconych endemicznie na terenach Algierii, Maroka, Tunezji, Libii i Egiptu (a włączając w to Tuaregów, także Mali, Nigru i Mauretanii). Łączy ich utrzymywanie pewnego dystansu do władz państwowych (zwłaszcza Maroka i Algierii), gdzie stanowią znaczącą mniejszość, zdominowanych przez arabskojęzyczne elity.Ogólna liczba Berberów jest trudna do ustalenia z powodu niejednoznaczności samego terminu „Berber” (co wynika z różnego stopnia zarabizowania Berberów). Od stuleci zislamizowani, żyją w cieniu ludności arabskiej. Mało znany, a warty ukazania, jest wkład Berberów w rozwój kultur antycznych basenu Morza Śródziemnego oraz pierwszych wieków chrześcijaństwa.Pomimo trwającej stulecia arabizacji językowej i kulturowej (islamizacji) zachowali oni świadomość odrębności. Manipulowani przez kolonialną Francję w ramach tzw. polityki berberyjskiej, zostali oni uwikłani w konflikt ze swymi arabskimi współrodakami w Algierii i Maroku.
European Union and otherness: The case of Balkans
Authors: Vukasović Dejana
Published: December 2018

European Union and otherness: The case of BalkansThe aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between the EU and the Balkans in the process of othering. The main research question raised here is in what way and to what extent the Balkans as Other was used in the process of the EU identity construction. The EU is perceived as a discursive self-construction establishing its own distinct identity against Others. It is thus argued that the Balkans identity has been dis- cursively constructed in opposition to the EU identity. Through the discursive process, by virtue of asymmetry of power, the EU self-constructed its identity by stigmatizing the difference of the Balkans — Other. The paper starts with the clarification of some conceptual premises concerning Self, Other and the concept of Otherness. It then focuses on the Balkans as Other in the process of EU identity construction. Finally, the Western Balkans as Other is also examined in the process of othering. Due to the asymmetry of power in the EU — Self and Balkans/Western Balkans—Other relation and the ability of the EU to impose the constructed dominant representa- tions, this relation is about inclusion and exclusion, superiority and inferiority. Unia Europejska a inność. Przypadek BałkanówNiniejszy artykuł ma na celu przeanalizowanie relacji pomiędzy Unią Europejską a Bałkanami w procesie stwarzania inności. Zadając główne pytanie badawcze, autorka docieka, w jaki sposób i jak dalece Bałkany jako Inny zostały wykorzystane dla budowania tożsamości Unii Europejskiej. Unia postrzegana jest jako dyskursywna autokonstrukcja ustanawiająca własną odrębną tożsamość w relacji do Innych. Zatem można dowodzić, że tożsamość bałkańska jest konstruowana dyskursywnie w opozycji do tożsamości unijnej. W tym dyskursywnym procesie, wobec asymetrii władzy, UE sama stworzyła swoją tożsamość poprzez stygmatyzowanie różnicy Bałkany – Inny. Artykuł najpierw objaśnia niektóre założenia pojęciowe odnoszące się do „Ja” i „Innego” oraz pojęcie „Inności”. Następnie koncentruje się na Bałkanach jako Innym w procesie konstruowania tożsamości UE. Wreszcie analiza obejmuje Bałkany Zachodnie jako Innego w procesie powstawania inności. W obliczu asymetrii w relacji Unia Europejska jako JA -- Bałkany/Bałkany Zachodnie jako Inny oraz faktu, że UE ma możność narzucenia skonstruowanych dominujących wyobrażeń, relacja ta obejmuje włączenie i wykluczenie, nadrzędność i podrzędność. [Transl. by Jacek Serwański]
Prymordializm jako przedmiot krytyki i źródło inspiracji socjologicznych studiów nad narodem
Authors: Poniedziałek Jacek
Published: December 2018

Primordialism as object of critique and source of inspiration for sociological studies of nationThe article presents the main assumptions of primordialist paradigm in sociological studies of nation. It has been assumed that most of surveys conducted in the primordial perspective refers to texts written by Edward Shils and Clifford Geertz. Consequently, the theories of these two scholars are presented. Then the critique of primordialist paradigm is reported. Because of inadequacy of some critical assertions, the heuristic values of some primordialist theses will be characterized, namely a phenomenon defined as a primordial consciousness of nation. Prymordializm jako przedmiot krytyki i źródło inspiracji socjologicznych studiów nad narodemW artykule zaprezentowane zostały główne założenia prymordializmu w socjologicznych studiach nad narodem. Przyjęto, iż znaczna część studiów nad narodem realizowana w perspektywie prymordialistycznej odwołuje się do tez i twierdzeń wyłożonych przez Edwarda Shilsa i Clifforda Geertza. W związku z tym przedstawiono teorię narodów ich autorstwa. Następnie zrelacjonowana została krytyka dotycząca prymordializmu.Z uwagi na to, iż część krytyki w opinii autora artykułu jest nieuzasadniona, przedstawiona została odpowiedź na nią przez ukazanie wartościowych heurystycznie tez prymordializmu, nazwanych w tekście świadomościową prymordializacją narodu.
The textbook myth: Slovene peasants as heroes of the glorious past
Authors: Kosi Jernej
Published: December 2018

The textbook myth: Slovene peasants as heroes of the glorious pastThe present article describes how 16th century peasant uprisings became an essential part of the Slovene history curricula and analyzes their role in the present-day official understanding of Slovene national history. It argues that the established textbook narrations on peasant uprisings greatly contribute to the hegemonic representation of affirmative, unilinear and teleological historical development of the Slovene nation, which ultimately implies an “unavoidable” establishment of Slovenia as a nation state in 1991. Mit podręczników szkolnych: Chłopi słoweńscy jako bohaterowie chwalebnej przeszłościArtykuł przedstawia, w jaki sposób zasadniczym elementem programów nauczania historii Słowenii stały się XVI-wieczne powstania chłopskie i analizuje ich rolę we współczesnym oficjalnym rozumieniu narodowej historii Słowenii. Autor dowodzi, że ustalone narracje podręcznikowe w znacznej mierze przyczyniają się do hegemonicznego przedstawienia afirmatywnego, unilinearnego i teleogicznego historycznego rozwoju narodu słoweńskiego, co też ostatecznie implikuje „nieuchronne” ustanowienie Słowenii jako państwa narodowego w 1991 roku. [Transl. by Jacek Serwański]
Silencing the past, retrotopia, and teaching history
Authors: Burszta Wojciech Józef
Published: December 2018

Silencing the past, retrotopia, and teaching historyThe essay analyzes contemporary controversies connected with teaching history in Europe, with particular focus on Poland. It discusses contexts that condition the relation between academic, every day and school narratives about history as it is taught in today’s schools. These contexts are both political and ideological (historical policy), as well as—in a deepersense—are an expression of national mythologies. The main thesis is the following: an analysis of teaching programs in schools tells us much more about the present than the past, and the main mechanism used to build a vision of national history is the notion of silencing the past. In our times, which Zygmunt Bauman has called the retrotopia, history becomes a bastion for nationalism and new tribalism. Uciszanie dziejów, retrotopia i nauczanie historiiArtykuł analizuje współczesne kontrowersje wokół programów nauczania historii w różnych krajach europejskich, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Polski. Wskazany został kontekst różnic między historią akademicką, potoczną świadomością historyczną i szkolnymi narracjami o dziejach. Historia nauczania w szkołach ma zarówno charakter polityczno-ideologiczny, jak i – w szerszym i głębszym sensie – jest wyrazem preferowanych wersji narodowych mitologii. Główna teza tekstu brzmi: analiza programów i sposobów nauczania historii więcej mówi o współczesności niż o historii w tym sensie, że metody i techniki akcentowania lub uciszania pewnych aspektów dziejów pełnią ważną rolę dla budowania określonej wizji tożsamości zbiorowych, dla których legitymizacją jest ideologicznie podbudowana „historia narodowa”. Widać to także w kontekście pojęcia retrotopii Zygmunta Baumana. W ramach tej ostatniej historia staje się głównym bastionem dzisiejszych postaci nacjonalizmu i nowego trybalizmu.
Dwa ciała króla i naród polityczny. Kształtowanie się tożsamości chłopskiej w kontekście procesów narodowotwórczych
Authors: Rauszer Michał
Published: December 2018

The king’s two bodies and political nation. Formation of peasants’ identity in the nation-building contextIn the 16th century, the political system based on the grangeserfdom economy and early modern elective monarchy was formed in Poland. One of the consequences of this process was an expulsion of the peasants outside of the society. The other one led to the formation of a political nation (a Pole) defined by his attitude towards king, freedom and noble democracy. Therefore, the peasants had no right to be a part of so understood “Polish” nation. The process of peasants inclusion into the tissue of the nation did not start until the late 19th century. In my article, I examine how the Polish nation developed in the context of the political theory of the king’s two bodies (Ernest Kantorowicz). Furthermore, I analyze the peasants’ attitude to the issue of a nation in the context of social changes of that period. Dwa ciała króla i naród polityczny. Kształtowanie się tożsamości chłopskiej w kontekście procesów narodowotwórczychW XVI wieku w Polsce ukształtował się system polityczny gospodarki opartej na pańszczyźnie oraz nowożytna monarchia elekcyjna. Pierwszy proces doprowadził do wyrzucenia poza margines społeczny warstwy chłopskiej. Drugi do wytworzenia się narodu politycznego (Polaka), definiowanego przez jego stosunek do króla, wolności i szlacheckiej demokracji. Chłopi nie mieli więc prawa być częścią tak rozumianego narodu „polskiego”. Proces włączenia się chłopów w tkankę narodu rozpoczął się tak naprawdę dopiero pod koniec XIX wieku. W swoim tekście badam, jak kształtowało się pojęcie narodu polskiego w kontekście teorii politycznej dwóch ciał króla (Ernest Kantorowicz). Ponadto analizuję stosunek chłopów do kwestii narodowej na tle ogólnych społecznych zmian.
A Statistical Analysis of Relationships between Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones and Extratropical Circulation Patterns Accompanying the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Gloeckler Lawrence C. , Roundy Paul E.
Published: December 2018

Relationships between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the extratropical circulation have been studied extensively and applied in operational settings to improve subseasonal prediction. However, in certain situations, tropical cyclones (TCs), which often coincide with enhanced MJO activity, can interfere with MJO organization and common pathways through which the extratropics respond to the MJO, yielding unexpected extratropical circulation outcomes. A statistical experiment is developed to assess the extent to which the presence of west Pacific TCs in different parts of the basin during a given MJO phase are related to subsequent remote extratropical circulation outcomes and whether these outcomes can be explained by random chance. Results demonstrate that significant, high-amplitude remote circulation anomalies that align with or differ from those expected to lag a given MJO phase tend to develop in association with TCs that cluster in specific parts of the basin and at specific leads—in some cases, more than 2 weeks before a pattern emerges. These spatial and temporal clusters vary between MJO phases. Next, composite patterns of anomalous 200-hPa geopotential height associated with a set of nonrecurving TCs transiting the South China Sea during real-time multivariate MJO (RMM) phase 5 are examined relative to their full RMM phase-5 reference patterns. While both sets of patterns exhibit high correlation at early time lags, they quickly evolve out of phase with one another. It is suggested that the TCs featured in the TC-based composite contribute to this observed phase shift by modulating the RMM phase-5 extratropical response pathway.
Can Periodontitis Influence the Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm? A Systematic Review
Authors: Salhi Leila , Rompen Eric , Sakalihasan Natzi , Laleman Isabelle , Teughels Wim , Michel Jean-Baptiste , Lambert France
Published: December 2018

There is some evidence that periodontitis increases the risk of atherothrombosis. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with specific risk factors and physiopathological mechanisms that can lead to rupture in the absence of treatment. The aim of the present systematic review was to explore the influence of periodontitis on the progression of AAAs as a specific disease. A systematic search in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed. Human and animal studies exploring the influence of periodontal pathogens on the progression of AAA were considered for inclusion. After systematic screening, 5 articles were included in the review. Due to the heterogeneity of the selected studies, a meta-analysis could not be performed. The descriptive analyses of the studies emphasized that periodontal pathogens or their by-products contribute to systemic and local innate immunity likely to be associated with AAA physiopathology. Periodontitis seems to play a role in the development and progression of AAA. The present systematic review suggests that the presence of periodontal bacteria in the bloodstream or in situ in the vascular lesion is a risk associated with aneurysmal disease progression.
Changing Incidence and Nature of Injuries Caused by Falls From Skateboards in the United States
Authors: Tuckel Peter S. , Milczarski William , Silverman David G.
Published: December 2018

Since 2000, the number of emergency department visits and hospital admissions for children who have sustained a fall from a skateboard has undergone a noticeable decline. One possible explanation for this decline is that children today lead a more sedentary lifestyle and are not as engaged in outdoor physical activities as were children in previous generations. The profile of patients injured in skateboarding-related accidents has also changed since 2000. The percent minority, percent residents of large metropolitan areas, and percent who incur an injury on a street or highway have all increased during this time period. Data based on observations of riders in skateboard parks indicate that the overwhelming majority do not wear protective gear such as helmets, elbow/knee pads, or wrist guards, and that a sizable segment of riders compound their risk of injury by using headphones or earbuds when performing maneuvers.
Effective academic–practitioner collaboration on gender research in federal law enforcement: the value of a coproduction process
Authors: Yu Helen H.
Published: December 2018

Coproduction is the latest and most exhaustive model of academic–practitioner collaboration to engage public administration scholarship. Coproduction centers on the production of research as an interactive process where academics and practitioners collaborate across all phases of a research project. This article contributes to the literature by presenting a critical and reflective examination of a personal journey in coproduction, with a well-known federal law enforcement agency, and offers three recommendations for the academic community to effectively tackle their own coproduction efforts. The benefits and challenges of this partnership are presented, emphasizing a less participatory form of coproduction to recognize workplace issues and solutions. The topic of coproduction is relevant in today’s literature for highlighting academic–practitioner collaboration as a tool to advance knowledge.

Points for practitioners

• Successful academic–practitioner collaborations require three elements: a “champion” in the practitioner community to advance the coproduction partnership; tenured stakeholders; and compromise amid the two communities to advance knowledge. • A less participatory form of coproduction can be equally effective to highlight workplace issues and solutions. • Joint problem solving with academics is essential for understanding the under-representation of women in federal law enforcement.
Interaction between two determiner systems: The acquisition of English articles by a Hebrew-speaking child
Authors: Kedar Yarden
Published: December 2018

This longitudinal case study followed a Hebrew-speaking child acquiring L2-English, focusing on her production of articles. Although the child had already developed significant aspects of the Hebrew determiner system, her acquisition of English followed a typical developmental route for first language acquisition: single words; telegraphic speech; and complete sentences, including articles. The child’s acquisition of definite and indefinite English articles was based on different strategies: the was dropped for a long period, but was then incorporated in full sentences; whereas a, which lacks an equivalent form in Hebrew, appeared earlier in the child’s utterances, but only in memorized templates of [ a + Noun]. Moreover, the proportion of cases in which English articles were omitted in obligatory contexts decreased over time, whereas additions and substitutions increased. These findings bear upon the role of functional categories in language acquisition and the endeavor to understand the extent to which children’s L1-based knowledge may guide or interfere with their mastery of a second language.
Application of Multivariate-Rank-Based Techniques in Clustering of Big Data
Authors: Guha Pritha
Published: December 2018

Executive Summary

Very large or complex data sets, which are difficult to process or analyse using traditional data handling techniques, are usually referred to as big data. The idea of big data is characterized by the three ‘v’s which are volume, velocity, and variety ( Liu, McGree, Ge, & Xie, 2015 ) referring respectively to the volume of data, the velocity at which the data are processed and the wide varieties in which big data are available. Every single day, different sectors such as credit risk management, healthcare, media, retail, retail banking, climate prediction, DNA analysis and, sports generate petabytes of data (1 petabyte = 250 bytes). Even basic handling of big data, therefore, poses significant challenges, one of them being organizing the data in such a way that it can give better insights into analysing and decision-making. With the explosion of data in our life, it has become very important to use statistical tools to analyse them.
How gender, age, and socioeconomic status predict parenting goal pursuit
Authors: Le Bonnie M. , Sakaluk John K. , Day Lisa C. , Impett Emily A.
Published: December 2018

There are many factors that may influence parenting, from societal norms and expectations, dispositional differences, experience and maturity, and availability of resources. In the current research, we examined how stable demographic characteristics associated with these different factors predict the goals parents pursue with their children. We examined whether the pursuit of four parenting goals—child love and security, child development, parent image, and child acceptance—varies based on the characteristics of parents (i.e., gender, age, and socioeconomic status) and their children (i.e., gender and age). First, we provided evidence for the measurement invariance of the Parenting Goals Scale. The results suggested that across key characteristics, parents largely pursue the same four parenting goals on which they could be meaningfully compared. Second, meta-analytic results ( k = 5; Ntotal = 2,240) indicated that parents were largely similar in the goals they pursued with their children across their own and their child’s characteristics. We identified only a few exceptions, with these differences being small in magnitude: mothers and noncollege-educated parents pursued child love and security goals more than fathers and college-educated parents, older parents pursued child development goals less than younger parents, parents of older children pursued image goals more than parents of younger children, and lower income parents pursued child acceptance goals more than higher income parents. These results suggest that while there may be some small differences in parenting goal pursuit based on demographic characteristics, parents are largely motivated by similar goals when caring for their children.
Mechanochemical ablation for the treatment of superficial venous incompetence: A cohort study of a single centre’s early experience
Authors: Mohamed Abduraheem H , Leung Clement , Wallace Tom , Pymer Sean , Harwood Amy , Smith George , Carradice Daniel , Chetter Ian C
Published: December 2018

Background

Mechanochemical ablation is an innovative non-thermal method of treating symptomatic axial superficial venous incompetence. This is a single-centre cohort study aiming to investigate the technical efficacy and clinical effectiveness at one year.

Methods

Patients with primary, unilateral, symptomatic axial incompetence were offered treatment with mechanochemical ablation using ClariVein® with 1.5% sodium tetradecyl sulphate. Assessments including clinical examination, duplex ultrasound and patient-reported health-related quality of life were performed at baseline and weeks 1, 6, 26 and 52.

Results

Thirty-two patients were recruited to the study. Complete target vein occlusion at one year was found in 21 (75%) patients. Six patients (21.4%) required secondary procedures, of which three had axial endovenous thermal ablation and three required ambulatory phlebectomy with perforator ligation. There was a significant improvement in the median (interquartile range) Venous Clinical Severity Score from baseline 6 (5–8) to a score of 1 (0–2) at one year (p < 0.001). There was also a significant improvement in health-related quality of life, both generic (p = 0.001) and disease specific (p < 0.001). One patient (3.1%) had a post-procedural non-fatal pulmonary embolus.

Conclusions

Mechanochemical ablation is a feasible and effective treatment for superficial venous incompetence. When using consensus definitions for anatomical closure, results for mechanochemical ablation may be less favourable than previously reported. Further studies are required to compare clinical and technical outcomes following mechanochemical ablation to other methods of endovenous ablation.
Anemia in Pregnancy: Urban–Rural Comparison of Management and Prevention Among Women of Child-Bearing Age in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Igweonu Obianuju U. , Onyeneho Nkechi G.
Published: December 2018

We explored management and prevention practices concerning anemia in pregnancy (AIP) in Anambra State, Nigeria from a cross-sectional survey of 600 women of child-bearing age through a multistage random selection process. The objective is to identify factors that influence recognition and management of AIP. A knowledge index of 45 points was developed with the mean score of 5.9 points (5.9 ± 6.1 SD). Furthermore, 49.3% of the respondents had good knowledge. The urban respondents had good knowledge (66.7%) compared with their rural counterparts (32%). There were misconceptions on the causes, management, and prevention of AIP during pregnancy. Multiple regression analyses revealed that variables such as religious affiliation, education, and residence influenced the knowledge about AIP. A unit increase in the educational level of the women will bring about 0.644 units of increase in the knowledge of AIP ( p = .003). A unit change from urban to rural locality would lead to 1.536 units increase in correct practices to prevent AIP ( p < .001). A unit change to being married would lead to 0.936 unit increase in correct practices to prevent AIP ( p = .025). Knowledge about the management and prevention of AIP was poor. Anemia-related education to improve knowledge and practice should be provided during antenatal care. Living in an urban community was associated with the odds ratio of 4.3 (95% CI [3.07, 6.07]) and 7.42 (95% CI [2.0, 27.6]) for knowledge and prevention of AIP, respectively.
Novel Light/Dark Regimens with Minimum Light Promote Circadian Disruption: Simulations with a Model Oscillator
Authors: Flôres Danilo E. F. L. , Oda Gisele A.
Published: December 2018

Artificial lab manipulation of LD cycles has enabled simulations of the disruptive conditions found in modern human societies, such as jet-lag, night-work and light at night. New techniques using animal models have been developed, and these can greatly improve our understanding of circadian disruption. Some of these techniques, such as in vivo bioluminescence assays, require minimum external light. This requirement is challenging because the usual lighting protocols applied in circadian desynchronization experiments rely on considerable light input. Here, we present a novel LD regimen that can disrupt circadian rhythms with little light per day, based on computer simulations of a model limit-cycle oscillator. The model predicts that a single light pulse per day has the potential to disturb rhythmicity when pulse times are randomly distributed within an interval. Counterintuitively, the rhythm still preserves an underlying 24-h periodicity when this interval is as large as 14 h, indicating that day/night cues are still detectable. Only when pulses are spread throughout the whole 24-h day does the rhythm lose any day-to-day period correlation. In addition, the model also reveals that stronger pulses of brighter light should exacerbate the disrupting effects. We propose the use of this LD schedule—which would be compatible with the requirements of in vivo bioluminescence assays—to help understand circadian disruption and associated illnesses.
“Mutual Respect Would be a Good Starting Point:” Students’ Perspectives on Incivility in Nursing Education
Authors: Small Sandra P. , English Denise , Moran Glenys , Grainger Patricia , Cashin Geraldine
Published: December 2018

Background

Studies indicate that incivility is common in nursing education and perpetuated by both students and faculty. Academic incivility negatively affects the well-being of those involved, interferes with the teaching–learning process, and is antithetical to nursing as a caring profession. An understanding of academic incivility is essential to establish best practices to address this problem.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine incivility in nursing academia from the perspective of baccalaureate nursing students.

Methods

The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design, with a mixed method questionnaire administered to 380 students. The quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and qualitative data through content analysis.

Results

The majority of students thought incivility is a mild to moderate problem in nursing education. They thought that students contribute to incivility by not taking responsibility (being unprepared and being disinterested) for their education and by not being professional (being disrespectful and being uncaring) and faculty contribute by not being good teachers (being authoritarian, treating students unfairly, having ineffective teaching methods) and not being professional (being disrespectful, lacking compassion).

Conclusion

Until evidence is available for effective measures to address incivility, nursing schools should consider adopting strategies for solutions as suggested by the students in this study.
Effect of Parental Corporal Punishment on Endorsement of Its Use: Moderated Mediation by Parent Gender and Attitudes Toward Corporal Punishment
Authors: Walker Courtney S. , Stearns Melanie , McKinney Cliff
Published: December 2018

Previous research has examined the factors that place an individual at a risk of using harsh discipline on children. Chief among these predictors is an individual’s own experience of corporal punishment, as well as favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment as a parenting strategy. However, few studies have examined the relationships among these variables in emerging adults. Thus, the current study advanced this area of research by examining how attitudes toward corporal punishment mediated the association between the experience of corporal punishment within the past year and the endorsement of corporal punishment as a future parenting strategy of choice among emerging adults when presented with a vignette. In addition, the current study examined gender differences among study variables, including participants’ parental disciplinary practices and whether participants were more accepting of using corporal punishment against a boy or girl in a hypothetical vignette. Participants ( N = 393; Mage = 19.21) completed an online survey that included a hypothetical vignette depicting child misbehavior. Results from the current study suggested the experience of corporal punishment from mothers appeared to have more of an influence on the decision to endorse corporal punishment in the vignette for both emerging adult males and females. The findings from the current study highlight the importance of reducing the use of corporal punishment as a discipline strategy, as the experience of corporal punishment appears to shape attitudes which may favor future use of the practice.
The Rise of Fashion Informatics: A Case of Data-Mining-Based Social Network Analysis in Fashion
Authors: Zhao Li , Min Chao
Published: December 2018

With the advent of modern cognitive computing technologies, fashion informatics researchers contribute to the academic and professional discussion about how a large-scale data set is able to reshape the fashion industry. Data-mining-based social network analysis is a promising area of fashion informatics to investigate relations and information flow among fashion units. By adopting this pragmatic approach, we provide dynamic network visualizations of the case of Paris Fashion Week. Three time periods were researched to monitor the formulation and mobilization of social media users’ discussions of the event. Initial textual data on social media were crawled, converted, calculated, and visualized by Python and Gephi. The most influential nodes (hashtags) that function as junctions and the distinct hashtag communities were identified and represented visually as graphs. The relations between the contextual clusters and the role of junctions in linking these clusters were investigated and interpreted.
Value of rescheduling of rail inspection
Authors: Osman Mohd Haniff , Kaewunruen Sakdirat
Published: December 2018

A regular rail inspection schedule has been proposed to minimise any detrimental financial cost incurred due to operations under harsh environments. Missing opportunities to detect a defective rail could ultimately lead to its breaking, which would magnify the repair (as well as maintenance) cost by approximately 30–35% per rail-mile. However, the performance of a pre-planned inspection schedule may be affected by disruptions in one or more element(s) of inspection such as machine/vehicle breakdown or track unavailability, which are usually unpredictable events. As part of the justification for the need to manage a disrupted inspection schedule, this paper proposes a methodology that highlights the value of rescheduling. An extensive literature search was undertaken on the rescheduling framework in order to determine the appropriate policies, strategies and methods for rail inspection. As a result, the value of rescheduling is formulated as the ratio of rescheduling cost to a change in the value of risk from a missed opportunity to repair a defective rail, i.e. late defect detection. This numerical formula demonstrates how the proposed methodology is useful for filtering out a rescheduling strategy that has (negative) value when dealing with a disrupted rail inspection schedule. The discussion portrays several potential aspects to feasibly extend the proposed methodology on a large scale of rail network.
Fish Price Determination Around Lake Victoria, Tanzania: Analysis of Factors Affecting Fish Landing Price
Authors: Sambuo Damian , Kirama Stephen , Malamsha Kitala
Published: December 2018

Determination of fish landing price is important, as the same contributes to the structure, conduct and performance of the fish market in Lake Victoria. Determination of relevant landing price is a gap to console between fishermen, agents (middlemen), processors and the government. The main objective of this study was therefore to examine fish price determination. Specifically, to examine the methods for fish price determination and analyse factors that affect fish landing price in Lake Victoria, a cross-sectional design was employed, and 300 respondents were randomly selected from two district councils, namely, Sengerema and Buchosa. Both qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. Findings show that landing price is determined through formal negotiation with processors, consultation with other traders, informal negotiation with buyers and Beach Management Unit (BMU). The study concluded that these are the common methods used to determine landing prices. Also, distance from fishing to onshore landing centres, market information channels, age and experiences of the fishermen are the factors significantly found affecting landing price. It is recommended that the mechanism for setting up fishery price, fish market structure, fishery information and the formation of fishery regulatory body needs fishery policy and sector reforms that mark the determination of fish landing price.
A modified intracavitary electrocardiographic method for detecting the location of the tip of central venous catheters in atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Calabrese Maria , Montini Luca , Arlotta Gabriella , La Greca Antonio , Biasucci Daniele G , Bevilacqua Francesca , Antoniucci Enrica , Scapigliati Andrea , Cavaliere Franco , Pittiruti Mauro
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

The intracavitary electrocardiographic method is recommended for assessing the location of the tip of central venous catheter when there is an identifiable P wave. Previous reports suggested that intracavitary electrocardiographic method might also be applied to patients with atrial fibrillation, considering the so-called f waves as a surrogate of the P wave.

Methods:

We studied 18 atrial fibrillation patients requiring simultaneously a central venous catheter and a trans-esophageal echocardiography. An intracavitary electrocardiographic trace was recorded with the catheter tip in three different positions defined by trans-esophageal echocardiography imaging: in the superior vena cava, 2 cm above the cavo-atrial junction; at the cavo-atrial junction; and in the right atrium, 2 cm below the cavo-atrial junction. Three different criteria of measurement of the f wave pattern in the TQ tract were used: the mean height of f waves (method A); the height of the highest f wave (method B); the difference between the highest positive peak and the lowest negative peak (method C).

Results:

There were no complications. With the tip placed at the cavo-atrial junction, the mean value of the f waves was significantly higher than in the other two positions. All three methods were effective in discriminating the tip position at the cavo-atrial junction, though method B proved to be the most accurate.

Conclusion:

A modified intracavitary electrocardiographic technique can be safely used for detecting the location of the tip of central venous catheters in atrial fibrillation patients: the highest activity of the f waves is an accurate indicator of the location of the tip at the cavo-atrial junction.
Predicting the helpfulness of online customer reviews: The role of title features
Authors: Akbarabadi Mina , Hosseini Monireh
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, many people refer to online customer reviews that are available on most shopping websites to make a better purchase decision. An automated review helpfulness prediction model can help the websites to rank reviews based on their level of helpfulness. This study examines the effect of review title features on predicting the helpfulness of online reviews. Moreover, a new method is proposed to categorize action verbs in a review text. Text, reviewer, readability, and title features are the four main categories that are used in this article. We examine our proposed prediction model on two real-life Amazon datasets using machine learning techniques. The results show a promising performance of the model. However, feature importance analysis reveals the low importance of title features in the predictive model. It means that the title characteristics cannot be a powerful determinant of online review helpfulness. The results of this study can be beneficial to both buyers and website owners to have a deep insight into online reviews helpfulness.