bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wirtschaftsdemokratie und ihre systemischen Grenzen
Authors: Maschke Alexander , Köncke Philipp
Published: June 2020

Der Aufsatz rekonstruiert die Phasen einer dreifachen Transformation der Landwirtschaft in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, beginnend mit der Bodenreform in der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone (SBZ) über die Kollektivierung in der DDR bis hin zur Herausbildung einer besonderen Form kapitalistischer Landwirtschaftsproduktion nach dem Jahr 1990. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf einer Analyse der Veränderung des Verhältnisses der Arbeitskräfte zu den Produktionsmitteln und der verschiedenen Produktionszwecke in den jeweiligen Phasen. Derart wird untersucht, ob und wie die genossenschaftlichen Produktionsvorstellungen der LPG verwirklicht wurden. Über die Analyse der Krisenhaftigkeit der genossenschaftlichen Produktion hinaus wird aufgezeigt, welche Gefahren die gegenwärtige Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft für das Leben im ländlichen Raum zeitigt.
Marx im Kopfstand?
Authors: Schlaudt Oliver
Published: June 2020

Gegen einige aktuelle Kritiken zeige ich, dass Piketty nicht »Marx auf den Kopf stellt«, zumindest nicht unbedingt. Pikettys Kritik der Ideologie des Eigentums, sein Fokus auf die institutionelle Einbettung der Ökonomie und einige Ansätze zu einer Imperialismustheorie halten Einsichten bereit, die auch für eine kritische Ökonomie relevant sind.
"Las políticas públicas" (Recensión)
Authors: Porras Nadales Antonio J.
Published: June 2020

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América Latina tras la "década perdida"
Authors: Camacho Laraña Ildefonso
Published: June 2020

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La libertad de establecimiento en la Comunidad Europea y la materia tributaria
Authors: Paniagua Zurera Manuel
Published: June 2020

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KLASIFIKASI KELAYAKAN CALON PENDONOR DARAH MENGGUNAKAN NEURA L NETWORK
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Rifqi , Latif Abdul , Gata Windu
Published: June 2020

Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menjelaskan, sekitar 180 juta unit darah yang disumbangkan dikumpulkan secara global setiap tahunnya. Kebutuhan kantong darah di Indonesia sendiri sangat tinggi, sesuai standar WHO, jumlah kantong yang harus tersedia di suatu negara adalah 2% dari populasi nasional. Artinya, untuk Indonesia sendiri, dibutuhkan kantong darah sekitar 4,5 juta dalam setahun. Donor darah merupakan kegiatan memberikan sebagian darah untuk disumbangkan pada pasien yang membutuhkan. Untuk menentukan calon pendonor termasuk layak atau tidak layak nya terdapat kriteria yang harus terpenuhi. Sehingga dataset kriteria kelayakan donor darah yang didapat dari UDD PMI Kota Tasikmaya bisa digunakan sebagai tolak ukur untuk mengukur keakuratan dalam meprediksi layak atau tidak layaknya calon pendonor darah untuk mendonorkan darahnya. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan tools Rapid Miner 9.0 terhadap dataset kriteria kelayakan calon pendonor darah UDD PMI Kota Tasikmalaya dengan metode Neural network menghasilkan nilai accuracy sebesar 91.65%, precision sebesar 91.05, recall sebesar 99,75% dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0.806 yang menunjukkan bahwa hasil klasifikasinya baik. Sehingga calon pendonor bisa di prediksi terhadap layak atau tidak layaknya bagi calon pendonor untuk mendonorkan darahnya.
HEPATOTOXICITY OF ACETAMINOPHEN TREATED BY DELONIX REGIA & AEGLE MARMELOES
Authors: Anil Kumar  , Divya Sharma  , Dipayan Purakayastha  , Sharma Pravesh , Mohit Khandelwal
Published: June 2020

Acetaminophen is commonly known as Paracetamol. It is an antipyretic drug, analgesic. It first introduced in 1955 and it cause liver toxicity, which is big issue for Patients now days also. In this work Delnix Regia and Aegle Marmeloes both the plant collected from local area Jaipur and authentify by Department of Botany, Rajasthan University, Jaipur. The authentication number is RUBL 211610 and RUBL 211611and extracted the leaves content by soxhelation process and compare them, which one is more helpful as hepatoprotective because acetaminophen drug cause toxicity in liver and for evaluation purposes different types of test like SGOT, SGPT, Total bilirubine, Total protein, molisch test, wagner test, Hager test, Benedicts test etc performed. In this work we observed that after all evaluation that Delnex Regia is more heptoprotective as compare to Aegle Marmeloes   

Key word: Acetaminophen, Delnix Regia, Aegle Marmeloes, Hepatotoxicity
ATRAÇÃO DE ADULTOS DE Cosmopolites sordidus e Metamasius sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) POR ARMADILHAS ASSOCIADAS A INSETICIDA E PROTEINA HIDROLISADA
Authors: Pavarini Gláucia Maria Pereira , Demonari Caio Guidetti , Pavarini Ronaldo , Souza Izabella Victoriano de
Published: June 2020

As espécies Cosmopolites sordidus e Metamasius sp. são insetos de ocorrência frequente na cultura da bananeira, sendo a primeira praga-chave da cultura. A principal alternativa de monitoramento destes insetos é o uso de armadilhas compostas de fragmentos vegetais visando atrair os insetos adultos e normalmente associado a estas armadilhas aplica-se inseticida promovendo o controle químico. A atratividade destas armadilhas é fundamental para que se tenha boa eficiência tanto do monitoramento como do controle. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a atratividade de armadilhas vegetais associadas a inseticida granulado e proteína hidrolisada a adultos de C. sordidus e Metamasius sp. em bananal. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados composto por 5 tratamentos e 7 repetições sendo cada parcela composta por quatro armadilhas espaçadas entre si por 20 metros. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela aplicação em cada armadilha de 4 g do produto comercial Furadan 50 GR®, um inseticida granulado composto por 50 gramas por quilo de carbofurano, associado ou não a aplicação de 50 mL da solução de diferentes concentrações de proteína hidrolisada da marca comercial Bio Fruit® diluída em água. Desta maneira adotou-se os seguintes tratamentos: armadilha com inseticida associada a proteína hidrolisada a 5%, 10% e 15%; armadilha somente com aplicação de inseticida e armadilha somente com aplicação de proteína hidrolisada a 10%. As avaliações foram feitas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após a montagem do experimento quantificando-se o número de insetos presentes. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Durante todo o período de avaliação do experimento foram coletados 4.064 insetos adultos, composto por 26,85% (1.091 indivíduos) de C. sordidus e 73,15% (2.973 indivíduos) de Metamasius. A maior parte dos insetos foram coletados até aos 14 dias após a montagem da armadilha quando o número de C. sordidus coletados nos diferentes tratamentos testados não diferiu significativamente entre si mostrando não haver influencia no uso da proteína hidrolisada na atratividade destes insetos. Efeito semelhante se observou com os adultos de Metamasius sp., apesar de se observar um menor número de insetos coletados no tratamento onde se utilizou somente armadilha sem aplicação de inseticida. Neste sentido e nas condições do experimento conclui-se que o uso da proteína hidrolisada associada ou não com inseticida em armadilhas tipo queijo não incrementa a atratividade aos curculionídeos Cosmopolites sordidus e Metamasius sp no bananal; porém no caso de Metamaisus sp a presença do inseticida na armadilha mostrou-se importante para que se tenha uma maior coleta devido à elevada mobilidade deste inseto.
Em busca do estado da arte na geração de conhecimentos geossistêmicos para a ciência do solo
Authors: Gonçalves Thamyres Sabrina , Silva Alexandre Christófaro
Published: June 2020

O ecossistema solo é amplamente divulgado como sendo um dos mais ricos ecossistemas do mundo, todavia, apesar de ser reconhecida essa grande complexidade ecossitêmica do solo, pouco se conhece acerca de suas interações. Das interações que são conhecidas, a maior parte delas não foi estudada dentro da dinâmica natural de funcionamento do ecossistema do solo. Portanto, são amplamente necessários trabalhos que investiguem o estado da arte do conhecimento em ecologia do solo, biologia do solo e de todas as interações que acontecem nesse ecossistema, pois somente a partir do conhecimento de onde estamos, em termos de conhecimento científico sobre esses processos de interação no solo, abaixo e acima da camada superficial, é que poderemos avançar de modo a produzir um conhecimento que possa atender as demandas acerca dos processos ecológicos no solo. Os resultados dessa revisão mostram que houve importantes avanços na ciência acerca dos processos de interação ecológica no solo que em muito contribuíram para o manejo e conservação de ecossistemas naturais e agrícolas, mas que ainda existem muitos assuntos e organismos pouco ou quase nada estudados. Conclui-se que o ecossistema solo pode ser o ambiente chave para a compreensão de como os processos antrópicos têm influenciado a dinâmica de uso e ocupação de solos no planeta e também de como poderemos fazer para tentar recuperar os processos biológicos que foram perdidos em alguns ecossistemas.
Desempenho de alfaces do grupo solta crespa cultivadas no verão em Jataí-GO
Authors: Sousa Vinícius Silva , Mota José Hortêncio , Carneiro Leandro Flávio , Yuri Jony Eshi , Resende Geraldo Milanez de
Published: June 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de 14 cultivares de alface do grupo solta crespa (Alcione, Bruna, Coral, Cristina, Isabela, Milena, Solaris, SVR-2005, TE-70, Thaís, Valentina, Vanda, Veneranda e Vera) cultivadas na época do verão Jataí-GO. O experimento foi instalado em um delineamento de blocos casualizados com 4 repetições. Foram avaliadas as características: altura e diâmetro de planta, número de folhas, comprimento e diâmetro de caule, massa fresca total e comercial e teor de massa seca. Não houve efeito significativo das cultivares sobre as características altura e diâmetro de planta e teor de massa seca. A cultivar Valentina, com 37 folhas planta-1, sobressaiu-se das demais. Quanto ao comprimento do caule, as cultivares Alcione, Bruna, Isabela, Milena, SVR-2005, Thais e Vera apresentaram tamanhos aptos para a comercialização. As cultivares Isabela, Milena, Valentina e Vanda apresentaram maior valor para diâmetro de caule. As cultivares Alcione, Coral, Isabela, SVR-2005, TE-70, Thaís, Valentina e Vanda apresentaram massa fresca total superior às demais cultivares. As cultivares Alcione, Valentina e Vanda, com produtividade de massa fresca comercial oscilando entre 290,3 e 324,8 g planta-1, foram mais produtivas que as demais cultivares. Para o cultivo de verão, as cultivares Alcione (324,8 g planta-1), Valentina (302,3 g planta-1) e Vanda (290,3 g planta-1) podem ser indicadas ao cultivo.
Características agronômicas e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja em função da adubação foliar com boro e zinco
Authors: Nakao Allan Hisashi , Costa Nídia Raquel , Andreotti Marcelo , Souza Marcelo Fernando Pereira , Dickmann Lourdes , Centeno Daniela Capelas , Catalani Gabriela Chrisyal
Published: June 2020

Diversos fatores podem influenciar o desenvolvimento e a produção da cultura da soja, podendo-se destacar principalmente a deficiência nutricional e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa objetivou avaliar os teores foliares nutricionais, os componentes da produção e a produtividade de sementes de soja, além da qualidade fisiológica das sementes em função da adubação foliar com Boro (B) e Zinco (Zn). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, com 10 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela aplicação foliar, de diferentes dosagens de B e Zn combinadas ou não na cultura da soja. Constatou-se que as diferentes combinações e dosagens de B e Zn, aplicados via foliar na cultura da soja não melhoraram os teores foliares nutricionais, os componentes da produção e produtividade de sementes da soja, assim como a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.
Desempenho de forrageiras em sistema silvipastoril com Caryocar brasiliense Camb.
Authors: Favare Henrique Guimarães , Tsukamoto Filho Antonio De Arruda , Da Costa Reginaldo Brito , Pasa Maria Corette , De Favare Lilian Guimarães
Published: June 2020

Os sistemas silvipastoris visam intensificar o uso das áreas agrícolas e entender as interações de seus componentes, principalmente, o desenvolvimento das forrageiras em condições edafoclimáticas alteradas pela presença da espécie arbórea que é indispensável. Verificou-se o desempenho de espécies forrageiras sombreadas por pequizeiros, com mais de 30 anos de idade, e a pleno sol no fim das estações chuvosa e seca no ano de 2014. O estudo foi realizado no município de Cáceres-MT, coordenadas geográficas 15º58’25,49”S e 57º34’36,11”O. O pasto foi formado com sementes do gênero Panicum, Brachiaria e Stylosanthes em 2013, no início do período de chuvas. A amostragem da forragem à sombra foi feita a partir do escore de desvio padrão (S) da área de copa das árvores e dentro de cada amostra foram escolhidas duas árvores, totalizando dez amostras sob a copa e dez amostras em pleno sol, para determinação de altura, matéria fresca e proporção morfológica. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste F para duas variâncias (p-valor unicaudal 0,05) e as médias comparadas pelo teste t. O sombreamento condicionado por árvores de pequi beneficiou o pleno desenvolvimento das forrageiras com o aumento da fertilidade solo e produtividade de matéria seca.
Interrogating Democracy in the Digital Gaze
Authors: W. Jones Carl
Published: June 2020

I first started to explore the digital gaze in late 2014 through a video project that later expanded into 7 x 2D large photographic images in 2019. This Multi-Piece Portfolio project explores the digital gaze, questions the democracy of Google, and investigates the type of visual registry provided, by asking: Is the digital gaze a Caucasian heterosexual male gaze? Christopher Frayling claims that ‘research through art and design’ is one of three research methods that artists could select in order to perform academic research. I, however, reverse the name of the method from ‘research through art’ to ‘art through research’. Performed in two phases, the first phase of the Digital Gaze project is academic research that is followed by phase two – the artistic expression informed by the first phase, hence the term ‘Art through Research’.
Eco-somatic Research: What if the Complexity of Nature can Teach me a Dance? – and, it’s just an imagination
Authors: Hirtz Mira
Published: June 2020

This portfolio gives an insight into my practice-based research exploring how somatic/mindful dance and multimedia collages link to critical thinking about ecologies. It reflects on the process, the difficulties, possibilities and questions that continue to arise when I try to grasp the complexity of ‘nature’ while trusting the embodied knowledge unfolding within dance improvisation and dance scores. The portfolio is a collage that includes parts of the score that I presented as a lecture performance at the Cracking the Established Order conference at De Montfort University in June 2019, critical reflections and various media artefacts that form part of my research. It also proposes to be a score in itself, in order to enable a form of access to the experiential dimension of the live performance and the practice-based research process so to highlight the challenge of sharing such a process in the frame of a journal.
The Effects of the Schools’ Humor Climates on Perceived Stress Levels of the Teachers
Authors: Şahin Ahmet , GÖK Ramazan
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study is to determine the effects of the schools’ humor climates on the perceived stress levels of teachers. The sample of the study, which is a predictive correlational study, is made up of 387 teachers. In data collection, the Humor Climate Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale were used. Consequently, constructive humor climates (positive humor and supervisor support) were more dominant in schools than the destructive ones (negative humor and outgroup humor). In addition, the perceived stress levels of teachers were not high; but they seldom experienced inadequate self-efficacy and sometimes stress/distress perception. The results of the study also revealed that negative humor and outgroup humor climates of the schools were significant predictors of the perceived stress/distress levels of teachers. In this case, we can conclude that the presence of negative humor climates and outgroup humor climates in schools, which are negative and destructive, increases the perceived stress/distress levels of teachers.
Hubungan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD), Mobilisasi Dini dan Senam Nifas dengan Involusi Uteri
Authors: Prameswary Ayundya , Kumaladewi Fazar
Published: June 2020

Masa nifas adalah masa setelah persalinan, kelahiran bayi, plasenta, serta selaput nya. Saat masa nifas diperlukan tindakan untuk memulihkan kembali organ kandungan seperti sebelum hamil dengan waku kurang lebih 6 minggu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD), Mobilisasi Dini, dan Senam Nifas dengan Involusi Uteri di RSUD ABD AZIZ Kota Singkawang, Kalbar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2017 di RSUD Abd. Aziz Kota Singkawang, Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional. Populasi target dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu nifas di RSUD Dr Abd. Aziz Kota Singkawang sebanyak 30 orang. Sampel diambil dengan metode total sampling. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai P value = 0,584 berarti p value > (0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak ada hubungan inisisasi menyusu dini dengan involusi uteri di RSUD ABD AZIZ Kota Singkawang, Kalbar tahun 2017. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai P value = 0,045 berarti p value < (0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan mobilisasi dengan involusi uteri di RSUD ABD AZIZ Kota Singkawang, Kalbar tahun 2017. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai P value = 0,030 berarti p value < (0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan senam nifas dengan involusi uteri di RSUD ABD AZIZ Kota Singkawang, Kalbar tahun 2017. Saran Kepada Tenaga Kesehatan selaku Penyedia Pelayanan Kesehatan terutama Bidan memberikan edukasi kepada ibu postpartum tentang bagaimana mencegah terjadinya involusi uteri.
Hubungan Kejadian Keputihan dengan Servisitis pada Wanita Usia Subur
Authors: Hangganingrum Lugita Putri , Ariandini Shanti
Published: June 2020

Di Indonesia didapatkan total kasus IMS yang ditangani ada 140.803 kasus dari 430 layanan IMS tahun 2012. Di Indonesia jumlah kasus IMS terbanyak berupa cairan vagina abnomal 20.962 dan servisitis 33.025. IMS termasuk diantara 5 katagori penyakit dewasa yang mencari pelayanan kesehatan dan memiliki dampak besar pada kesehatan sesksual dan reproduksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kejadian keputihan dengan servisitis pada WUS di Puskesmas Tanah Sareal Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik melalui pendekatan Cross Sectional, dengan populasi WUS yang datang ke Puskesmas Tanah Sareal 423 responden dan sampel 206 responden dari perhitungan Stratified Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian WUS yang mengalami keputihan 151 (73,3%) responden dan WUS yang tidak mengalami keputihan 55 (26,7%) responden. WUS yang mengalami keputihan dengan diagnosa servisitis 86 (41,7%) responden dan WUS yang mengalami keputihan tidak di diagnosa servisitis 120 (58,3%) reponden. Hasil uji statistic di dapatkan hubungan kejadian keputihan dengan WUS, hasil   (ρ value : 0,000 dan OR : 0,430). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara keputihan dengan kejadian servisitis pada WUS. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan khususnya upaya melakukan pemeriksaan secara dini dan mendeteksikemungkinan-kemungkinan yang terjadi pada WUS agar mampu menurunkan kejadian IMS salah satunya adalah servisitis.
FINAL-YEAR PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF INQUIRY-BASED-SCIENCE TEACHING
Authors: Nhlengethwa Khanyisile Brenda , Govender Nadaraj , Sibanda Doras
Published: June 2020

Teachers’ accurate understanding of Inquiry-Based Science Teaching (IBST) is crucial for the proper enactment of this pedagogical approach. In this research, a qualitative case study design was used to explore and interpret pre-service teachers’ understanding of IBST at the conclusion of their three-year primary diploma at a university in Swaziland. Data were collected using a semi-structured teaching scenario-based questionnaire in conjunction with individual semi-structured interviews. Thirty-four participants completed the questionnaire and eight of them were subsequently interviewed. The data were analyzed using a conceptual framework of IBST that outlines two dimensions of IBST; namely the cognitive and guidance dimensions. The results show that in the cognitive dimension, participants focused mainly on the procedural domain. With regard to the guidance dimension, they associated the pedagogical approach more with teacher-directed than learner-directed learning activities. This paper recommends that in training pre-service primary school teachers, teacher educators must broaden their focus from procedural aspects of IBST to include all its aspects; thereby developing their pre-service teachers’ holistic and deep experiences of IBST. Keywords: inquiry-based science teaching, primary school, pre-service teachers, scenario-based questionnaire, IBST understanding.
Implementation Analysis of Trans Mebidang Program in Transportation Mode Services, North Sumatera (Comperative Study of Medan City)
Authors: Agussani Agussani
Published: June 2020

Trans Mebidang is a bus rapid transit system in the province of North Sumatra that operates in Medan, Binjai, and Deli Serdang districts. Operated by Perum Damri, this BRT has been operating at the end of 2015, after being delayed from the 2013 target, with a fleet of 30 air-conditioned buses spread across two corridors, in its journey from 2015-2020 this rapid bus has become the capital of the capital mode. for the people of Medan City, Binjai and Deli Serdang. This study aims at how the implementation of the Trans Mebidang Program in Transportation Mode Services in North Sumatra (Comparative Study of Medan City). This study uses a qualitative analysis using the P4 analytical system approach which is planning, regulation, supervision and control. From the research results obtained the status of Medan, Binjai and Deli Serdang (Mebidang) As a National strategic area and strengthened by the existence of the Governor of North Sumatra Governor Regulation Number 31 of 2014 concerning Road-based Mass Public Transport Services in Urban Areas of Medan, Binjai and Deli Serdang, in program implementation has been running but not yet effective, efficient and productive. Because there are still many main and supporting infrastructure facilities that are still lacking in supervision and control. Recommendations and suggestions in this study Local Government which is integrated with mass transportation program is expected to work hand in hand to strengthen the North Sumatra government program, it is time for the Regional Government to develop spatial planning by strengthening vehicle ratios and strengthening SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) that must be strengthened and actually.
Study on Development of Learning Media
Authors: Ediyani Muhammad , Hayati Ulfi , Salwa Salwa , Samsul Samsul , Nursiah Nursiah , Fauzi M. Bahriza
Published: June 2020

The development of science and technology is increasingly encouraging renewal efforts in the use of technological outcomes in the teaching and learning process. The teachers are required to be able to use the tools that can be provided by the school, and it is also possible that the tools are in accordance with the development and demands of the times. The teachers can at least use inexpensive and unpretentious tools but is a necessity in the effort to achieve the expected learning goals. The development of instructional media is a plan to develop existing media or intermediary tools in order to improve the quality of information delivery in the teaching-learning process. Development activities learning media in broad outline must go through three major steps namely planning, production and penialian activities.
Extracurricular Implementation of Islamic Education in Character Building Students in MTs EX PGA UNIVA Medan
Authors: Siregar Siti Fatimah , Mardianto Mardianto , Ahkas Akmal Walad
Published: June 2020

Education in Indonesia in the last decade has reaped many problems including the weak character of the young generation where the success of a nation can be seen from the character of the younger generation. Seeing these problems, there needs to be some breakthroughs, one of which can be done through character inculcation that is applied in schools through classroom learning and other activities such as extracurricular activities. This research method is qualitative with the type of descriptive research, namely the type of research that examines data that can describe complex and concrete social realities. This study uses data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, library methods and the use of documentation. The analysis in this study uses interactive data analysis from Lexy Moleong with the pre-field stage, the implementation stage, the data analysis stage, the conclusion stage and the reporting stage. The results showed that: (1) the implementation of extracurricular Islamic Religious Education in MTs EX PGA UNIVA Medan there were 13 extracurricular Islamic Religious Education. (2) extracurricular activities in MTs EX PGA UNIVA Medan are essentially many activities. However, in this discussion, only PAI extracurricular activities were taken which presumably had a stake in the formation of student character, for example the types of PAI extracurricular activities namely introduction of the holy book, worship, social activities, habituation of noble character and the inculcation of religious historical values. Through this activity students can learn to develop communication skills, collaborate with others, discipline and other characters.
The Effect of STAD Cooperative Learning Model and Critical Thinking Ability on Learning Outcomes PPKn Grade V Students of SD Negeri 060934 Medan Johor
Authors: Karo Karo Romaida , Perangin-Angin Reh Bungana Br , Murad Abdul
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the differences in student learning outcomes taught by the cooperative learning model type STAD and conventional teaching, to find out the differences in the learning outcomes of PPKn students who have higher critical thinking skills compared to students who have low critical thinking skills, and to find out whether there is an interaction between the STAD type cooperative learning model with critical thinking skills on the learning outcomes of PPKn grade V students of SD Negeri 060934 Medan Johor. This research was conducted at SD Negeri 060934 Medan Johor. The research sample was determined by cluster random sampling, one class as an experimental class was taught with a STAD type cooperative learning model and one control class was taught conventionally. The sample to be studied amounted to 52 students consisting of 25 experimental class students and 27 control class students. Critical thinking ability tests are conducted to classify students who have high critical thinking skills and low critical thinking skills. Data were analyzed using two-way ANAVA using statistical tests with factorial design of 2x2 ANAVA with a significance level of > 0.05. Previously performed the normality test and homogeneity test analysis. The results showed that the learning outcomes taught using the STAD type cooperative learning model are better than conventional learning models in improving PKn learning outcomes of students as well as students who have high critical thinking skills who obtain better learning outcomes than students who have low critical thinking skills.
The Influence of Learning Strategies and Learning Motivation against Islamic Fikih Students Learning Results in MIN 2 Labuhanbatu
Authors: Ananda Rusydi , Caniago Heri
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine and describe: (1) the effect of the application of learning strategies on the learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih, (2) the influence of learning motivation on the learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih, and (3) the interaction between strategies learning and learning motivation towards the learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental method. The study population was all students of class VI MIN 2 Labuhanbatu consisting of 3 classes. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling, in which one group of classes was conducted using collaborative learning and the other class was conducted competitive learning. Data collection techniques used are lift and learning outcomes tests. The data analysis technique used is two-way analysis of variance.  The research findings show: (1) there is an influence of learning strategies on fiqh learning outcomes. In this case the average learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih taught with collaborative learning strategies are higher than the average learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih taught with competitive learning strategies, (2) there is an influence of learning motivation on learning outcomes of Fikih. In this case, the average learning outcomes of Islamic Fikih with higher learning motivation is higher than the average learning outcomes of Fikih with low learning motivation, and (3) there is an interaction effect between learning strategies with learning motivation, where students with high learning motivation are more precisely taught using collaborative learning strategies, while students with low learning motivation are more precisely taught with competitive learning strategies.
Ulcerative colitis: A review on drug delivery strategies
Authors: Hmar El Bethel Lalthavel , Paul Sujata , Zothantluanga James H. , Sharma Hemanta Kumar
Published: June 2020

Ulcerative colitis is one of the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease which has unforeseeable clinical course, marked by a chronic inflammation of the colon and remission of the disease. The treatment of Ulcerative colitis is managed by the administration of anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs that are ingested orally. However, the efficacy of the drug via oral route remains unclear as the release of drugs takes place in the upper gastrointestinal tract that allows inadequate amount of drug release to the colon thereby causing various adverse effects. Therefore, the advancement of disease targeted drug delivery strategies offers numerous gains over non-targeting by granting more effective therapy and diminishing the systemic adverse effect. In this review, we investigate and discuss various approaches that assist in targeting mechanism of the respective drugs to the colon for the hindrance and management of colonic ailments.
Pharmacognostical characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of Acacia pennata (L.) Willd. leaves: A Southeast Asian medicinal plant
Authors: Zothantluanga James H. , Sailo Ngurzampuii , Paul Arpita , Shakya Anshul
Published: June 2020

Pre-defined analytical features of a plant are used as a reference to aid in accurate identification, proper standardization, and quality control. However, no systematic work on the leaves of A. pennata is available for reference to check its authenticity, purity, and quality. Therefore, the study was aimed to develop pharmacognostic parameters using standard guidelines. The work provides macroscopic, qualitative and quantitative microscopic, physicochemical parameters, chromatographic fingerprint profile, and in-vitro antioxidant activity of A. pennata. Preliminary phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatography hints the presence of steroids and glycosides along with polyphenolic compounds viz. phenols and flavonoids. Quantification of polyphenolic phytoconstituents and assessment of in-vitro antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was done. The current communication offers referential knowledge on the analytical and diagnostic features for accurate taxonomical identification, proper characterization and will also help in the establishment of a pharmacognostic monograph of A. pennata for effective quality control.
Optical Properties of CaF2 Anti-Reflection Coating On ZnS for 8~12 µm Infrared Region
Authors: Lee Ill-Joo , Hong Seung-Chan , Kim Byung-Sam , Cheon Jae-Kyung
Published: June 2020

Technologies for pedestrian safety are increasingly emphasized by Automakers in advance of autonomous driving vehicles. A Night Vision System attached behind the front grille can reduce fatal accidents, especially during the nighttime, however, consumers may hesitate to adopt such systems on account of their high price. High-cost Germanium is used in commercial Night Vision System windows, and therefore replacing it with a cheaper infrared window material can lead to a more affordable system. To achieve this, Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), which has about 70% transmittance in the Long-Wavelength Infrared region of 8~12 μm, was selected for the window substrate material. In this study, we designed, fabricated and characterized a single layer cost-effective anti-reflection coating on a ZnS window substrate using Calcium Fluoride (CaF2). The CaF2 coating was fabricated by E-beam evaporation technique, with Quarter wavelength anti-reflection thickness (QAR). It was characterized by FT-IR, SEM and a thermal camera test module. We found that CaF2 both side coated the ZnS window and exhibited about 10~15% higher transmittance than the ZnS window substrate. In addition the CaF2 coating stably bonded to the ZnS substrate without any internal defects. A thermal camera based window test also showed better detection performance with the CaF2 Coating than a bare ZnS substrate window, which was calculated using the output voltage of the microbolometer thermal sensor.
Transcultural Insights into the Christian Conversion of British Gujarati Hindus
Authors: Reifsnider Usha
Published: June 2020

This article uses primary sources gathered through ethnographic research amongst a group of British Gujarati Christian converts located in the Greater London area. As the researcher is a British Gujarati convert to Christianity, I am mindful of my position in the selection of the topic, the design of the research, and analysis of the data gathered. Autoethnography encourages an added dimension of access to data and subsequent analysis. This insider access has given voice to experiences of being ‘altern’ or ‘other’.
Misperceptions and Identities Mis-taken: Interpreting Various Hostilities Encountered by Moravians in Colonial New York and Pennsylvania
Authors: Myers Travis L.
Published: June 2020

This essay integrates Moravian studies, missiology and historical theology. It begins with a brief survey of the historiography of Moravian missions in colonial North America. It then surveys various reasons for periodic hostility against Moravians in New York and Pennsylvania between roughly 1740 and 1790. It recovers the ethnic and cultural diversity, prejudices and defensive actions of colonists that were a significant component of life in these contested spaces and turbulent times, thus demonstrating that so-called ‘religious’ persecution remains a complicated phenomenon. It suggests Moravians might have avoided certain instances of misperception and consequent ‘persecution’ had they adapted themselves culturally in ways they did not. Moravians were often perceived by other colonial Europeans as a threat to the security and stability of developing locales, and remained largely on the social periphery in colonial North America as a consequence of being both wrongly and rightly understood. As an international and transnational religious community pursuing its own global dispersal for the sake of mission, Moravian political neutrality and perceived ‘foreignness’ was misunderstood in times of war by English and Dutch colonists, especially, as sympathy for the enemy or even evidence of espionage, though the religious and secular fear of their being Catholic seems to have been eventually resolved. Because Moravians in the British colonies fraternised with Native Americans for the sake of mission and were part of an international fellowship also befriending Caribbean slaves, they were sometimes slandered by colonists who feared them as instigators of rebellion by these marginalised populations. Finally, the Moravian sense of being set apart by God from the broader society and called to suffer for the sake of their righteous difference and gospel influence, when acted upon, provoked hostility from colonists who perceived them as a threat to local balances of power, denominational order or family cohesion.
Navigating Plural Identities in the South African Participatory Democracy: A Reformed Grammar for Public Dialogue
Authors: Vorster Nico
Published: June 2020

Participatory democracies find it increasingly difficult to navigate the diverse voices within the public realm because of the rapid pluralisation of modern societies. Contemporary political discourses in South Africa on issues such as land redistribution are a vivid reminder of this. This essay asks, how do we ensure that public discourse between civil groups and governmental agencies remains constructive and conducive to the framing of good policies? How do we avoid the poisonous and brutal verbal wars that often captivate the public realm? I argue that social actors who engage in policy formation need a moral grammar, a shared attitude, an ethos of social discourse that sets the basic parameters for public deliberations. In an effort to develop such a grammar and to contribute to some agreement on the matter, we have to draw from positive resources in our religious, political and philosophical traditions. Utilising resources within the Reformed tradition, I claim that public discourse is a form of symbiotics, a ‘gifts exchange’, where social imaginaries trade resources, goods and capacities considered as useful and necessary to the common benefit of all. Moral public deliberations require participants to display the attitudes of respect for human dignity and principled toleration. Lastly, the essay identifies truth-seeking and public justice as the basic commitments that ought to guide political deliberations. The article concludes by applying the proposed moral grammar to the South African setting.
Responses of Total Biomass, Shoot Dry Weight, Yield and Yield Components of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) Varieties under Different Terminal Drought Duration
Authors: Chaimala Aunchana , Jogloy Sanun , Vorasoot Nimitr , Toomsan Banyong , Jongrungklang Nuntawoot , Kesmala Thawan , Holbrook C. Corley , Kvien Craig K.
Published: June 2020

As a secondary crop planting in the double-cropping system, terminal drought is the major constraint of Jerusalem artichoke production in the rainfed area. This study aims to estimate the effects of different durations of terminal drought on total biomass, tuber yields, harvest index, yield components, and to identify high yield potential and low yield reduction genotypes for the varietal improvement program. A split-plot design with four replications was conducted under field experiment for two years. Three drought durations including non-drought stress (SD0), drought from 60 and 45 days after transplanting until harvest (SD1 and SD2, respectively), were assigned in main plots and six genotypes were arranged in subplots. Crop parameters were greater decreased under a long-drought duration than under short-drought duration. The genotypes were identified; HEL256, JA37 and JA125 had high yield potential under SD0 conditions, whereas there was high yield reduction under drought conditions. In contrast, JA60 and HEL253 were identified as low yield potential and low yield reduction genotypes. This information suggested that high yield potential genotypes and low yield reduction genotypes should be selected and generated progeny population for improvement of new varieties with high yield potential and low yield reduction for growing in terminal drought-prone environments.
A Nutritional Supplement (DìLshTM) Improves the Inflammatory Cytokines Response, Oxidative Stress Markers and Clinical Signs in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum
Authors: Mastellone Vincenzo , Musco Nadia , Vassalotti Giuseppe , Piantedosi Diego , Vastolo Alessandro , Cutrignelli Monica Isabella , Britti Domenico , Cortese Laura , Lombardi Pietro
Published: June 2020

The possibility to associate nutraceuticals, as immune-modulating tools, to the treatment of visceral leishmaniosis is a matter of great interest. In this study, we investigated whether the administration of a nutritional supplement (DìLshTM, Dynamopet SRL, Verona, Italy) was able to exert beneficial effects on the inflammatory state and oxidative stress of the dogs naturally infected by Leishmania infantum. To this purpose, specific parameters, namely Tumor Necrosis Factor -alpha (TNFα), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Inteleukin-10 (IL-10), leptin, derivates of Reactive Oxigen Metabolites (d-Roms) and Biological Antioxidant Potential (BAP), as well as the haematological and biochemical profiles of the infected dogs, were investigated upon the treatment with the nutritional supplement and compared with the conventional pharmacological anti-Leishmania therapy. The animals underwent complete clinical examination and blood sample collection before (T0) and 3 months after (T90) the onset of the two treatments. The two treatments showed similar results: significant clinical improvement, ELISA positivity and IgG decrease, an increase in IL-10, and a decrease in IL-6 were observed in animals treated with the nutritional supplement. A decrease in d-Roms and an increase in BAP were also detected in both groups. On the whole, the nutritional supplement possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, suggesting that it may support animals’ health and be useful to extend the time a drug therapy is needed.
Effect of Solid-State Fermented Wheat Bran Supplemented with Agrimony Extract on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Semjon Boris , Bartkovský Martin , Marcinčáková Dana , Klempová Tatiana , Bujňák Lukáš , Hudák Marek , Jaďuttová Iveta , Čertík Milan , Marcinčák Slavomír
Published: June 2020

The impact of the broiler diet modification on the following parameters was evaluated: meat quality, carcass traits, and bone and blood parameters. One hundred twenty one-day-old COBB 500 broiler chickens were assigned to three experimental groups (40 birds per group) with four replications (10 per pen) for 35 days of fattening. The control (C) was fed a basic feed mixture. The diet supplemented with 10% of fermented feed (FF10) and additionally supported by 0.2% of agrimony extract (FF10 + AE) was applied to the second and third groups, respectively. FF10 showed both a lower average daily feed intake and total feed consumption when compared to that of C (p < 0.05). Lower concentration of alkaline-phosphatase and calcium and higher total lipids and triglycerides in blood were observed in FF10 + AE. Breast and thigh meat showed a lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acid n-3 and n-6 in the FF10 + AE group (p < 0.01). The increase of gamma-linolenic acid content in breast and thigh meat samples obtained from the experimental groups was significant (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05; respectively). Lower lipid oxidation was observed in the thigh muscle of the FF10 + AE group on the first day of storage (p < 0.01). The current study indicates that FF10 + AE supplementation can be successfully applied to enhance broiler performance and meat quality.
Identification of Possible Pre-Slaughter Indicators to Predict Stress and Meat Quality: A Study on Heavy Pigs
Authors: Sardi Luca , Gastaldo Alessandro , Borciani Marzia , Bertolini Andrea , Musi Valeria , Martelli Giovanna , Cavallini Damiano , Rubini Giulia , Nannoni Eleonora
Published: June 2020

This study aimed at identifying possible pre-slaughter indicators and/or indexes to be used to predict pig stress response and meat quality variation. Data were collected on 44 shipments (loads) of Italian heavy pigs. For each shipment, several pre-slaughter parameters were recorded on farm, during transport, and at the slaughterhouse. Blood and meat samples were taken from 10 pigs from every of the 44 loads included in the study (N = 440). Blood samples were used to assess cortisol and creatine kinase levels, whereas meat samples were used to assess meat quality (pH, instrumental color, tenderness, water-holding capacity, and sensory analysis). Cluster analysis of blood parameters allowed the categorization of the shipments into two main clusters: Lower Stress (LS) and Higher Stress (HS). The variables/indexes statistically differing between the two clusters were: average vehicle speed during transport, welfare index at slaughter (i.e., “slaughter score”), overall transport and slaughter welfare index (TSWI), distance travelled, and behaviors (slips, falls, overlaps) during unloading, which appeared to be the best descriptors of the welfare conditions experienced by Italian heavy pigs during pre-slaughter handling. No consistent effects of the stress level experienced on meat quality was detected, which warrants the need for further studies conducted under more variable pre-slaughter conditions, with the aim of simplifying and improving the TSWI.
Prickly Pear By-Product in the Feeding of Livestock Ruminants: Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Todaro Massimo , Alabiso Marco , Di Grigoli Antonino , Scatassa Maria Luisa , Cardamone Cinzia , Mancuso Isabella , Mazza Francesca , Bonanno Adriana
Published: June 2020

In Sicily, the current increasing cultivation of Opuntia ficus-indica corresponds to an availability of prickly pear by-product (PPB) that results from fruit processing for juice extraction. This investigation aims to evaluate the nutritional traits of PPB for ruminant feeding and its stability during a 21-day outdoor storage, using potassium metabisulfite (PMB) as a preservative agent, added to the PPB mass at different doses (0, 50, 100, and 150 g/kg). The fractioning of PPB showed that it included 28% of peel and pulp and 72% of seeds on a dry matter (DM) basis. On the whole, this by-product was low in crude protein (5.32% DM), high in fiber content (51.38%, 41.15% and 14.64% DM for NDFom, ADFom and ADL respectively), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC, 29.68% DM), and soluble sugars (13.3% DM), with a moderate level of net energy for lactation (4.59 MJ/kg DM). Storage was the main factor of alteration of PPB chemical composition with the exception of ether extract. A decline of NFC and soluble sugars, due to microbial fermentation, was observed with all PMB treatments, especially during the first week of storage, probably due to evolution of both coccus (M17) and rod LAB (MRS), which increased their loads at the seventh day of storage.
Benchmarking Farm Animal Welfare—A Novel Tool for Cross-Country Comparison Applied to Pig Production and Pork Consumption
Authors: Sandøe Peter , Hansen Henning Otte , Rhode Helle Lottrup Halkjær , Houe Hans , Palmer Clare , Forkman Björn , Christensen Tove
Published: June 2020

A pluralist approach to farm animal welfare, combining animal welfare legislation with market-driven initiatives, has developed in many countries. To enable cross-country comparisons of pig welfare, a number of welfare dimensions, covering the features typically modified in legislative and market-driven welfare initiatives aimed at pig production, were defined. Five academic welfare experts valued the different welfare states within each dimension on a 0–10 scale, then assessed the relative contribution of each dimension to overall welfare on a 1–5 scale. By combining these values and weights with an inventory of pig welfare initiatives in five countries, the additional welfare generated by each initiative was calculated. Together with information on the national coverage of each initiative, the Benchmark value for each country’s production and consumption of pork could be calculated on a scale from 0 to 100. Two (Sweden and the UK) had a much higher Benchmark value than the rest. However, there was a drop in the Benchmark for consumption in Sweden and the UK (indicating imports from countries with lower-Benchmark values for production). Even though the experts differed in the values and weights ascribed to different initiatives, they were largely in agreement in their ranking of the countries.