bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1.000 meses, 4.000 semanas, 5.324 'inbox messages'
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: March 2020

Si duermes siete horas diarias, bailas o practicas deporte, tienes un perro, cultivas tus amistades y comes mucha verdura, con algo de suerte vivirás un promedio de 83 años, lo que equivale a 1.000 meses, 4.000 semanas o 28.000 días. Desde la perspectiva de la esperanza de vida podemos sentirnos afortunados: somos el doble de longevos que nuestros antepasados hace tan solo un siglo; vivimos más y en muchos aspectos posiblemente mejor… ¿Pero significa eso que tenemos más tiempo?
El SEO Social: convirtiendo a los extraños en vendedores
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra , Marcos Eva María
Published: March 2020

El SEO Social es una estrategia de marketing digital que permite aunar las ventajas de dos disciplinas: la gestión del posicionamiento orgánico (SEO) y la dinamización de los medios sociales (Social). Al unir ambos mundos, SEO y Social, son capaces de conseguir aumentar el tráfico de visitas del destino digital que se escoja. Y no un tráfico cualquiera, no. Un volumen de visitas cualificadas, lo que se entiende por visitas de calidad; aquellas que realmente estan interesadas en adquirir el producto o servicio que se ofrece en la web.
An H3K9 methylation-dependent protein interaction regulates the non-enzymatic functions of a putative histone demethylase
Authors: Raiymbek Gulzhan , An Sojin , Khurana Nidhi , Gopinath Saarang , Larkin Ajay , Biswas Saikat , Trievel Raymond C , Cho Uhn-soo , Ragunathan Kaushik
Published: March 2020

H3K9 methylation (H3K9me) specifies the establishment and maintenance of transcriptionally silent epigenetic states or heterochromatin. The enzymatic erasure of histone modifications is widely assumed to be the primary mechanism that reverses epigenetic silencing. Here, we reveal an inversion of this paradigm where a putative histone demethylase Epe1 in fission yeast, has a non-enzymatic function that opposes heterochromatin assembly. Mutations within the putative catalytic JmjC domain of Epe1 disrupt its interaction with Swi6HP1 suggesting that this domain might have other functions besides enzymatic activity. The C-terminus of Epe1 directly interacts with Swi6HP1, and H3K9 methylation stimulates this protein-protein interaction in vitro and in vivo. Expressing the Epe1 C-terminus is sufficient to disrupt heterochromatin by outcompeting the histone deacetylase, Clr3 from sites of heterochromatin formation. Our results underscore how histone modifying proteins that resemble enzymes have non-catalytic functions that regulate the assembly of epigenetic complexes in cells.
Dataverse
Authors: Bamoumi Michel , Dzalé Esther , Szabo Dimitri
Published: March 2020

A presentation from the European Dataverse Workshop 2020.
pyDataverse
Authors: Kasberger Stefan
Published: March 2020

A presentation from the European Dataverse Workshop 2020.
RNA binding proteins involved in regulation of protein synthesis to initiate biogenesis of secondary tumor in hepatocellular carcinoma in mice
Authors: Li Genliang , Ni Anni , Tang Yulian , Li Shubo , Meng Lingzhang
Published: March 2020

Background

The tumor microenvironment (TM) in close contact with cancer cells is highly related to tumor growth and cancer metastasis. This study is to explore the biogenesis mechanism of a secondary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the function of RNA binding proteins (RBPs)-encoding genes in the physiological microenvironment (PM).

Methods

The healthy and HCC mice were used to isolate the PM, pre-tumor microenvironment (PTM), and TM. The samples were analyzed using the technology of RNA-seq and bioinformatics. The differentially expressed RBPs-encoding genes (DERs) and differentially expressed DERs-associated genes (DEDs) were screened to undergo GO and KEGG analysis.

Results

18 DERs and DEDs were identified in the PTM vs. PM, 87 in the TM vs. PTM, and 87 in the TM vs. PM. Those DERs and DEDs participated in the regulation of gene expression at the levels of chromatin conformation, gene activation and silencing, splicing and degradation of mRNA, biogenesis of piRNA and miRNA, ribosome assemble, and translation of proteins.

Conclusion

The genes encoding RBPs and the relevant genes are involved in the transformation from PM to PTM, then constructing the TM by regulating protein synthesis. This regulation included whole process of biological genetic information transmission from chromatin conformation to gene activation and silencing to mRNA splicing to ribosome assemble to translation of proteins and degradation of mRNA. The abnormality of those functions in the organic microenvironments promoted the metastasis of HCC and initiated the biogenesis of a secondary HCC in a PM when the PM encountered the invasion of cancer cells.
Bacteriological Profile of Chronic Osteomyelitis with Special Reference to Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms/Patterns – A Cross-sectional Prospective Study from Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India
Authors: Pandey Aparna , Shaw Prachi , Johar Aamir
Published: March 2020

Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis is the infection and inflammation of the bone. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and multidrug resistance has raised the morbidity and mortality rate in chronic osteomyelitis. This study aims to determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of chronic osteomyelitis with special mention to various resistant mechanisms.

Methods: The study is a prospective design. Hundred (100) clinically diagnosed cases of chronic osteomyelitis of all age group and both sex admitted in a tertiary care hospital at central India, in one year were included. Samples like pus, sinus discharge or exudates were collected aseptically and sent for microbiological investigation. Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates to the commonly used antibiotics was done by using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results: The aerobic bacteriological study of chronic osteomyelitis showed Staphylococcus aureus is being continued to be major etiological agent followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to linezolid, teicoplanin while gram-negative isolates were sensitive to colistin, ciprofloxacin in the majority. The disease occurs mostly due to traumatic injuries commonly affecting the middle age group. In present study prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci aureus and β Lactamase producing (ESBL, Amp-C and MBL) gram-negative bacilli is found to be on the higher side.

Conclusion: It has been the major cause of morbidity for a long time. The emerging multidrug-resistant strain is a major concern for the treatment. Identification of causative isolates and using a judicious selection of antibiotics will help the clinician in starting the empirical treatment accordingly would limit the multidrug resistance strains in the hospital as well as the community.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Migration through the Anus in a Child: Case Report and Management Algorithm
Authors: Alhassan Baba Alhaji Bin , Agyen-Mensah Kwasi , Rahman G. A. , Makafui C. S. J. D.
Published: March 2020

Aims: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is one of the commonest procedures undertaken by neurosurgeons to manage patients with hydrocephalus. Although shunt migration through bowel and exteriorization per anus is rare, it’s associated with about 15% mortality.

Presentation of Case: We present a six year old boy with shunt migration through the bowel and exteriorization per anus.

Discussion: The risk factors as well as management algorithm of such cases are discussed in this manuscript.

Conclusion: Although this presentation is rare, early recognition and intervention is key. It is important to stratify patients as symptomatic or asymptomatic and manage them accordingly.
Dolutegravir (DTG) Based Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir (TLD) and Viral Load Suppression in Children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Paul Nsirimobu Ichendu , Ugwu Rosemary Ogochukwu
Published: March 2020

Background: Currently, dolutegravir (DTG) based fixed dose combinations (FDC) of tenofovir/ lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) and Abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (ABC/3TC/DTG) is now recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as the preferred first-and second line antiretroviral drug necessitating transition of eligible children to TLD.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the HIV viral suppression rate at baseline and after 6 months of transition to TLD and to determine adverse drug reaction associated with the use of TLD if any.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out among stable children who were on treatment and follow up for HIV disease at the Paediatric HIV clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). All Children who were eligible for transition to TLD, whose care givers/parents gave a verbal consent and who gave consent or accent were recruited for the study. Information obtained included the sociodemographic characteristics, weight and height, ART regimen at initiation of treatment and when it was commenced, the baseline viral load and viral load 6 months after transition and any adverse drug reaction. Obtained data were analysed. Comparison of categorical variables was done using chi square and Fischer’s exact test while A p-value of < 0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results: A total 106 children aged 9 to 18 years with a mean age of 13.4±2.3 years were recruited for the study. Sixty (56.6%) were males, while 59 (55.5%) were from the lower socioeconomic class. The mean weight was 44.4±11.1 kg while the mean height was 151.3 ± 15.2 cm. At baseline, 48 (45.3%) were virally suppressed (viral load < 1000 copies/ml), however after 6 months, 97 (91.5%) became virally suppressed, the difference in viral suppression rate was statistically significant (X2 =53.77, p= 0.0001).  Twenty-five (23.6%) had undetectable viral load (<20 copies/ml) at baseline while 61(57.5%) had undetectable viral load after transition. All those who were virally suppressed at baseline remained so 6 months after transition. Also, 80.6% (29/36) of those with treatment failure became virally suppressed. Only one child developed severe erythematous skin rashes. There was no statistically significant relationship between viral suppression and age, sex and social class (P >0.05).

Conclusion: This study has shown that DTG-based FDC is efficacious in the treatment of eligible children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS with significant viral load suppression in all age groups, gender and social class. Adverse drug reaction with the use of DTG-based ART is low. Transition to TLD is therefore advocated in eligible patients.
P
hycisphaerae
Authors: Fukunaga Yukiyo
Published: March 2020

Phy.ci.sphae'rae. N.L. fem. n.
Phycisphaera
type genus of the class; ‐ae ending to denote a class; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Phycisphaerae
the
Phycisphaera
class.

Planctomycetes / Phycisphaerae

The class
Phycisphaerae
is defined by phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. It is equivalent to WPS‐1 (Elshahed et al., 2007; Nogales et al., 2001) and contains the orders
Phycisphaerales
and
Tepidisphaerales
(Kovaleva et al., 2015). Gram‐negative bacteria that reproduce by binary fission.
D
esulfohalobiaceae
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan
Published: March 2020

De.sul.fo.ha.lo.bi.a.ce'ae. N.L. neut. n.
Desulfohalobium
, type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Desulfohalobiaceae
, the family of
Desulfohalobium
.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfohalobiaceae

Cell morphology varies depending on the genus and species (curved rod, vibrio or oval‐shaped which occur singly or in pairs). Gram‐stain‐negative. Endospores are not observed. Motility might occur. Strict anaerobes with a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs using simple organic compounds like lactate, pyruvate, and sometimes fatty acids. Substrate oxidation can be incomplete or complete via the anaerobic C
1
‐pathway (carbon monoxide dehydrogenase or Wood–Ljungdahl pathway is only found in the genus
Desulfovermiculus
). In the presence of H
2
and CO
2
, chemolithoheterotrophic growth with acetate or chemolithoautotrophic growth without acetate occur. In the same way, formate can be used. Sulfate and thiosulfate (and sometimes sulfite) are used as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to H
2
S. Mesophilic and neutrophilic. All members require elevated NaCl concentrations for growth (Table 1). The major menaquinone and the cellular fatty acid profiles are only known for some members (Table 1). The family currently accommodates the genera
Desulfohalobium
and
Desulfovermiculus
. Seems to be present only in habitats with elevated salt concentrations like hypersaline lakes or brines.

DNA G + C content (mol%):
51.4–57.3 (genome, LC).

Type genus:
Desulfohalobium
Ollivier et al. 1991
VP
.
Desulfurisporaceae
fam. nov.
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan
Published: March 2020

De.sul.fu.ri.spo.ra.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Desulfurispora
type genus of the family; suff.
‐acea
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Desulfurisporaceae
the family of
Desulfurispora
.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B)/ Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales /
Desulfurisporaceae
fam. nov.

Cells are rod‐shaped. Gram‐stain‐positive. Oval spores occur central or subterminal of cells without clear swelling. Motile with two or more flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. NaCl is not required for growth. Chemolithoautotroph or chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids, alcohols, and short to long‐chain fatty acids (C
4
–C
16
). Substrates are incompletely oxidized to acetate or completely oxidized to carbon dioxide. Presence of all genes for the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway in the genome indicates the ability to complete acetate oxidation. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur are electron acceptors; nitrate, nitrite, and Fe (III) are not utilized. Grows fermentatively on organic acids. Major cellular fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
and iso‐C
17:0
. Major menaquinone is MK‐7. The cell wall contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid. Found in a sulfidogenic laboratory‐scale fluidized‐bed reactor.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 53.5 (LC); 55.2 (genome).

Type genus
:
Desulfurispora
Kaksonen et al. 2007
VP
.
C
eleribacter
Authors: Ivanova Elena P. , Owen Stephanie J.A. , Crawford Russell J.
Published: March 2020

Ce.le.ri.bac'ter. L. adj.
celer ‐eris ‐e
quick, rapid; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Celeribacter
rapidly growing rod.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Rhodobacteraceae / Celeribacter

Gram‐negative, non‐spore‐forming rods between 0.8–3.4 μm in length and 0.3–1.2 μm in width. Motile or nonmotile; some species have a single polar or subpolar flagellum. Aerobic, although some species are capable of anaerobic growth. Halophilic chemoorganotrophs positive or negative for oxidase and catalase. Bacteria belonging to this genus are rod‐shaped, aerobic, some species are anaerobic; chemoorganotrophs and halophilic tolerating up to 18% (w/v) NaCl, some species are required NaCl for their growth; most species are mesophilic with an optimal growth between 25 and 37°C, optimal pH for growth is between 7.0 and 8.0. The predominant fatty acids are C
18:1
ω7
c
, C
18:1
ω9
c
, and C
18:0
. Phosphatidylglycerol is the major phospholipid. Predominant isoprenoid quinone is ubiquinone‐10 (Q‐10). Bacteria of some species can degrade a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Members in the phylum
Alphaproteobacteria
, order
Rhodobacterales
of the family
Rhodobacteraceae. Celeribacter
spp. are inhabitants of marine environments and often found in coastal waters and sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 60.1 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Celeribacter neptunius
Ivanova et al. 2010
VP
.
L
arsenimonas
Authors: Ventosa Antonio
Published: March 2020

Lar.se.ni.mo'nas. Gr. fem. n.
monas
unit, monad; N.L. fem. n.
Larsenimonas
a monad named after Helge Larsen (1922–2005), a pioneer of the study of halophilic microorganisms.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Oceanospirillales / Halomonadaceae / Larsenimonas

The genus
Larsenimonas
is classified within the family
Halomonadaceae
and the order
Oceanospirillales
, in the class
Gammaproteobacteria
. The cells are Gram‐stain‐negative, motile, and nonendospore forming rods. Colonies are yellow to orange‐yellow pigmented. Chemoorganotrophic. Strictly aerobic and catalase positive. Moderately halophilic, not able to grow in the absence of NaCl. Optimal growth at 5–10% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.0–8.0 and 35–37°C. The predominant cellular fatty acids are C
18:1
ω7
c
/C
18:1
ω6
c
, C
16:0
, and C
16:1
ω7
c
/C
16:1
ω6
c
. The predominant respiratory quinone is Q‐9. The major polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, and glycolipids.

DNA G
+ C
content (mol%)
: 54.5–60.5.

Type species:
Larsenimonas salina
León et al. 2015, VL163.

Currently, the genus includes two species:
Larsenimonas salina
(type species of the genus) and
Larsenimonas suaedae
.

The strains of these species were isolated from marine saltern and from the euhalophyte
Suaeda salsa
.
N
atronotalea
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Kublanov Ilya
Published: March 2020

Na.tro.no.ta'le.a. Gr. n.
natron
arbitrarily derived from the Arabic n.
natrun
or
natron
soda; L. fem. n.
talea
a staff, stick; N.L. fem. n.
Natronotalea
a soda‐loving long rod‐shaped bacterium.

Bacteroidota / Rhodothermia / Rhodothermales / Salinibacteraceae / Natronotalea

Based on genome‐based phylogeny, the genus
Natronotalea
is classified as a member of the family
Salinibacteraceae
, order
Rhodothermales
, class
Rhodothermia
, phylum
Bacteroidota
.
Natronotalea
is an aerobic heterotroph that preferably utilizes proteins and peptides for growth. It is an extremely halophilic obligate alkaliphile that uses the “salt‐in” osmoprotection mechanism based on intracellular potassium accumulation. It inhabits anaerobic sediments of hypersaline soda lakes, particularly in southwestern Siberia. The genus currently includes a single species:
Natronotalea proteinilytica
, the type species of the genus.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 55.9 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Natronotalea proteinilytica
Sorokin et al. 2017
VP
.
D
esulfoscipio

gen. nov.
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan
Published: March 2020

De.sul.fo.sci'pi.o. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; L. masc. n.
scipio
staff, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfoscipio
sulfate‐reducing rod.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfallaceae / Desulfoscipio gen. nov.

Cells are straight or slightly curved rods. Gram‐staining negative. Spherical spores occur in the center of cells causing clear sporangia. Motile by means of flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory or fermentative type of metabolism. Mesophilic or thermophilic. Neutrophilic. Chemolithoautotroph or chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids, short to long‐chain fatty acids, alcohol, sugar, various aromatic compounds (one species). Substrate (butyrate) is completely oxidized to CO
2
via the anaerobic C
1
pathway (carbon monoxide dehydrogenase [CO‐DH] pathway, Wood–Ljungdahl pathway). Sulfate, thiosulfate, and sulfite are used as electron acceptors and reduced to sulfide. Fermentative growth on pyruvate or fructose is observed. Major cellular fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
and C
16:0
(one species) or C
16:1
c
9. Found in an anoxic geothermal groundwater or a black‐mud sample from a freshwater ditch.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 45.5–54.8 (
T
m
, buoyant density, genome).

Type species
:
Desulfoscipio geothermicus
comb. nov. (basonyms:
Desulfotomaculum geothermicum
Daumas et al. 1990, VL32;
Desulfallas geothermicus
Watanabe et al. 2018
VP
).
D
esulfolucanica

gen. nov.
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan
Published: March 2020

De.sul.fo.lu.ca'ni.ca. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; L. fem. n.
lucanica
sausage; N. L. fem. n.
Desulfolucanica
a sausage‐shaped sulfate‐reducer.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfofarciminaceae / Desulfolucanica gen. nov.

Cells are rod‐shaped. Gram‐stain‐negative. Spherical spores occur center or subterminal of cells. Weakly motile. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. NaCl is not required for growth. Chemolithoautotroph and chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids, short‐chain fatty acids, and alcohols. The substrates are oxidized to CO
2
via the anaerobic C
1
‐pathway (carbon monoxide dehydrogenase [CO‐DH] or Wood–Ljungdahl pathway) as indicated by genome data. Growth on H
2
and CO
2
and formate without acetate. Yeast extract enhances growth. Sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite, and elemental sulfur are used as electron acceptors and reduced to sulfide. Fermentation was not observed. Major cellular fatty acids are C
16 : 0
, C
16 :1
ω7
c
, and iso‐C
15 :0
. Found in freshwater lake sediment, Japan.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 41.1 (LC), 40.5 (genome).

Type species
:
Desulfolucanica intricata
comb. nov. (basonyms:
Desulfotomaculum intricatum
Watanabe et al. 2013,
Desulfofarcimen intricatum
Watanabe et al. 2018).
A
licycliphilus
Authors: Nunes Olga C. , Manaia Célia M. , Vaz‐Moreira Ivone
Published: March 2020

Alicycliphilus
(A.li.cy.cli'phi.lus. Gr. neut. n.
aleiphar
annointing oil; Gr. masc. n.
kyklos
circle or ring; Gr. masc. n.
philos
friend; N.L. masc. n.
Alicyciphilus
alicyclic compound liking, referring to the substrates used for the isolation of this organism).

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Comamonadaceae / Alicycliphilus

Short rods,
1–2 μm long and 0.6 μm wide.
Motile
.
Gram‐negative
. Nonsporulating.
Facultative anaerobe
. Nitrate is reduced to N
2
. Mesophilic, with optimal growth at 28–30°C and pH 7.2–7.4 under aerobic or anoxic conditions.
Chemoorganotroph
, with strictly respiratory metabolism. Degrade aromatic and alicyclic compounds. Catalase‐ and cytochrome
c
oxidase‐positive. The respiratory quinone is
ubiquinone 8,
and major fatty acids are C
16:1
ω7
c
, C
16:0
, and C
18:1
ω7
c
. Major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol. The type strain of the type species was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant, cultivated with cyclohexanol as sole carbon source and nitrate as electron acceptor.

DNA G
+
C content (mol
%
)
: 66 (HPLC) or 67.9 (genome analysis, GenBank).

Type species
:
Alicycliphilus denitrificans
Mechichi et al. 2003
VP
.
Efficiency and safety increases after the implementation of a multi‐institutional automated plan check tool at our institution
Authors: Berry Sean L. , Zhou Ying , Pham Hai , Elguindi Sharif , Mechalakos James G. , Hunt Margie
Published: March 2020

Purpose

The plan check tool (PCT) is the result of a multi‐institutional collaboration to jointly develop a flexible automated plan checking framework designed with the versatility to be shared across collaborating facilities while supporting the individual differences between practices. We analyze the effect that PCT has had on the efficiency and effectiveness of initial chart checks at our institution.

Methods and Materials

Data on errors identified during initial chart checks were acquired during two time periods: before the introduction of PCT in the clinic (6/24/2015 to 7/31/2015, 187 checks) and post‐clinical release (4/14/2016 to 5/2/2016, 186 checks). During each time period, human plan checkers were asked to record all issues that they either manually detected or that were detected by PCT as well as the amount of time, less breaks, or interruptions, it took to check each plan.

Results

After the clinical release of PCT, there was a statistically significant decrease in the number of issues recorded by the human plan checkers both related to checks explicitly performed by PCT (13 vs 50, P < 0.001) and in issues identified overall (127 vs 200, P < 0.001). The mean and medium time for a plan check decreased by 20%.

Conclusions

The use of a multi‐institutional, configurable, automated plan checking tool has resulted in both substantial gains in efficiency and moving error detection to earlier points in the planning process, decreasing their likelihood that they reach the patient. The sizeable startup effort needed to create this tool from scratch was mitigated by the sharing, and subsequent co‐development, of software code from a peer institution.
Impact of Morphology on Charge Carrier Transport and Thermoelectric Properties of N‐Type FBDOPV‐Based Polymers
Authors: Bardagot Olivier , Kubik Paweł , Marszalek Tomasz , Veyre Pawel , Medjahed Asma Aicha , Sandroni Martina , Grévin Benjamin , Pouget Stéphanie , Nunes Domschke Tamara , Carella Alexandre , Gambarelli Serge , Pisula Wojciech , Demadrille Renaud
Published: March 2020

The impact of the chemical structure and molecular order on the charge transport properties of two donor–acceptor copolymers in their neutral and doped states is investigated. Both polymers comprise 3,7‐bis((E)‐7‐fluoro‐1‐(2‐octyl‐dodecyl)‐2‐oxoindolin‐3‐ylidene)‐3,7‐dihydrobenzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran‐2,6‐dione (FBDOPV) as electron‐accepting unit, copolymerized with 9,9‐dioctyl‐fluorene (P(FBDOPV‐F)) or with 3‐dodecyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene (P(FBDOPV‐2T‐C12)). These copolymers possess an amorphous and semi‐crystalline nature, respectively, and exhibit remarkable electron mobilities of 0.065 and 0.25 cm2 V–1 s–1 in field effect transistors. However, after chemical n‐doping with 4‐(1,3‐dimethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)phenyl)dimethylamine (N‐DMBI), electrical conductivities four orders of magnitude higher can be achieved for P(FBDOPV‐2T‐C12) (σ = 0.042 S cm−1). More charge‐transfer complexes are formed between P(FBDOPV‐F) and N‐DMBI, but the highly localized polaronic states poorly contribute to the charge transport. Doped P(FBDOPV‐2T‐C12) exhibits a negative Seebeck coefficient of –265 µV K−1 and a thermoelectric power factor (PF) of 0.30 µW m−1 K−2 at 303 K which increases to 0.72 µW m−1 K−2 at 388 K. The in‐plane thermal conductivity (κ|| = 0.53 W m−1 K−1) on the same micrometer‐thick solution‐processed film is measured, resulting in a figure of merit (ZT) of 5.0 × 10−4 at 388 K. The results provide important design guidelines to improve the doping efficiency and thermoelectric properties of n‐type organic semiconductors.
Biodegradable Nanofibrous Temperature‐Responsive Gelling Microspheres for Heart Regeneration
Authors: Zhao Chao , Tian Shuo , Liu Qihai , Xiu Kemao , Lei Ienglam , Wang Zhong , Ma Peter X.
Published: March 2020

Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is the number‐one killer of heart patients. Existing treatments do not address cardiomyocyte (CM) loss and cannot regenerate the myocardium. Introducing exogenous cardiac cells is required for heart regeneration due to the lack of resident progenitor cells and very limited proliferative potential of adult CMs. Poor retention of transplanted cells is the critical bottleneck of heart regeneration. Here, the invention of a poly(l‐lactic acid)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(N‐Isopropylacrylamide) copolymer and its self‐assembly into nanofibrous gelling microspheres (NF‐GMS) is reported. The NF‐GMS undergo a thermally responsive transition to form not only a 3D hydrogel after injection in vivo, but also exhibit characteristics mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of nanofibrous proteins and gelling proteoglycans or polysaccharides. By integrating the ECM‐mimicking features, injectable form, and the capability of maintaining 3D geometry after injection, the transplantation of hESC‐derived CMs carried by NF‐GMS leads to a striking tenfold graft size increase over direct CM injection in rats, which is the highest reported engraftment to date. Furthermore, NF‐GMS‐carried CM transplantation dramatically reduces infarct size, enhances integration of transplanted CMs, stimulates vascularization in the infarct zone, and leads to a substantial recovery of cardiac function. The NF‐GMS may also be utilized in a variety of biomedical applications.
Enhanced Charge Carrier Lifetime of TiS3 Photoanode by Introduction of S22− Vacancies for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Tian Zhangliu , Guo Xiaowei , Wang Dong , Sun Du , Zhang Shaoning , Bu Kejun , Zhao Wei , Huang Fuqiang
Published: March 2020

Recent advances in layered TiS3 has shown appealing potential for photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution due to its excellent optical and electronic properties. Here, an excellent photoanode, composed of TiS3 nanoribbon arrays with moderate S22− vacancies, is proposed to achieve efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution. These unique S22− vacancies are introduced in the TiS3 photoanode by a simple vacuum re‐annealing method, which is inspired by crystal structure analyses of TiS3 and TiS2. The existing S22− vacancies are revealed to significantly promote the electron conductivity, charge separation, and transport of the photoanode simultaneously. The resulting TiS3−x photoanode with ≈22% S22− vacancies exhibits a twofold increase in the electron diffusion length for efficient electron collection and a remarkably high photocurrent density of 15.35 mA cm−2 at 1.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode.
Illuminating Diverse Concomitant DNA Logic Gates and Concatenated Circuits with Hairpin DNA‐Templated Silver Nanoclusters as Universal Dual‐Output Generators
Authors: Lv Mengmeng , Zhou Weijun , Fan Daoqing , Guo Yuchun , Zhu Xiaoqing , Ren Jiangtao , Wang Erkang
Published: March 2020

Exquisite administration of a new type of hairpin DNA‐templated silver nanoclusters (H‐AgNCs) as universal dual‐output generators in DNA‐based logic systems is reported. Diverse concomitant contrary logic gates (CCLGs) with opposite functions (YES^NOT, OR^NOR, INHIBIT^IMPLICATION, XOR^XNOR, and MAJORITY^MINORITY) and extended concatenated logic circuits are presented and some of them perform specific functions, such as parity generators and checkers. The introduction of H‐AgNCs as noncovalent signal reporters avoids tedious and high‐cost labeling procedures. Of note, the concomitant feature of CCLGs attributed to the dual‐emitter AgNCs conduces to reducing the time and cost to devise multiple logic gates. As compared to previous ones, this design eliminates numerous substances (e.g., organic dyes) and unstable components (hydrogen peroxide), which not only decreases the complexity of logic performs and improves repeatability of operation, but also makes it convenient to connect distinct DNA‐based logic gates. It is worthy to anticipate that the cost‐effective strategy will inspire researchers to develop much more complex logic systems and contribute to the field of molecular computing.
Turning Trash into Treasure: Additive Free MXene Sediment Inks for Screen‐Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors
Authors: Abdolhosseinzadeh Sina , Schneider René , Verma Anand , Heier Jakob , Nüesch Frank , Zhang Chuanfang (John)
Published: March 2020

Printed functional conductive inks have triggered scalable production of smart electronics such as energy‐storage devices, antennas, wearable electronics, etc. Of particular interest are highly conductive‐additive‐free inks devoid of costly postdeposition treatments to eliminate sacrificial components. Due to the high filler concentration required, formulation of such waste‐free inks has proven quite challenging. Here, additive‐free, 2D titanium carbide MXene aqueous inks with appropriate rheological properties for scalable screen printing are demonstrated. Importantly, the inks consist essentially of the sediments of unetched precursor and multilayered MXene, which are usually discarded after delamination. Screen‐printed structures are presented on paper with high resolution and spatial uniformity, including micro‐supercapacitors, conductive tracks, integrated circuit paths, and others. It is revealed that the delaminated nanosheets among the layered particles function as efficient conductive binders, maintaining the mechanical integrity and thus the metallic conductive network. The areal capacitance (158 mF cm−2) and energy density (1.64 µWh cm−2) of the printed micro‐supercapacitors are much superior to other devices based on MXene or graphene. The ink formulation strategy of “turning trash into treasure” for screen printing highlights the potential of waste‐free MXene sediment printing for scalable and sustainable production of next‐generation wearable smart electronics.
On the Question of the Need for a Built‐In Potential in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sandberg Oskar J. , Kurpiers Jona , Stolterfoht Martin , Neher Dieter , Meredith Paul , Shoaee Safa , Armin Ardalan
Published: March 2020

Perovskite semiconductors as the active materials in efficient solar cells exhibit free carrier diffusion lengths on the order of microns at low illumination fluxes and many hundreds of nanometers under 1 sun conditions. These lengthscales are significantly larger than typical junction thicknesses, and thus the carrier transport and charge collection should be expected to be diffusion controlled. A consensus along these lines is emerging in the field. However, the question as to whether the built‐in potential plays any role is still of matter of some conjecture. This important question using phase‐sensitive photocurrent measurements and theoretical device simulations based upon the drift‐diffusion framework is addressed. In particular, the role of the built‐in electric field and charge‐selective transport layers in state‐of‐the‐art p–i–n perovskite solar cells comparing experimental findings and simulation predictions is probed. It is found that while charge collection in the junction does not require a drift field per se, a built‐in potential is still needed to avoid the formation of reverse electric fields inside the active layer, and to ensure efficient extraction through the charge transport layers.
Electrochromic Conjugated Polymers for Multifunctional Smart Windows with Integrative Functionalities
Authors: Kim Jinbo , Rémond Maxime , Kim Donghwan , Jang Hwandong , Kim Eunkyoung
Published: March 2020

In the advent of next‐generation smart windows, materials play a multifunctional role, providing not only a pleasant environment for humans but also energy‐efficient buildings and transportation. To this ends, smart windows tend to integrate multiple functions with the purpose of controlling external or sunlight input, self‐power functionality, and display functionality. Among the several chromogenic mechanisms, electrochromic methods are fast and simple to control. Here, the recent electrochromic research on the integration of different functionalities is reviewed. Efforts toward the combination of functionalities have led to synergetic and technical breakthroughs over the years. These include development of new electrochromic polymers by main chain, as well as, side chain engineering, morphology and assembly control, and nanostructurization. In this context, electrochemical principles for smart windows offer easier integration of functionalities due to the integrative principles in common working mechanisms for color, energy, and information carrier controls. Some examples of multifunction devices are electrochromic capacitive windows, self‐powered smart windows, and electrochromic‐luminescent windows. Herein, discussed are the electrochromism from polymers and the electrochemically driven smart windows with two or more functionalities, which give rise to an innovative material with cooperative functions, featuring energy storage, energy generation, or light emission.
ESC‐sEVs Rejuvenate Senescent Hippocampal NSCs by Activating Lysosomes to Improve Cognitive Dysfunction in Vascular Dementia
Authors: Hu Guowen , Xia Yuguo , Zhang Juntao , Chen Yu , Yuan Ji , Niu Xin , Zhao Bizeng , Li Qing , Wang Yang , Deng Zhifeng
Published: March 2020

Vascular dementia (VD) is one of the most common types of dementia, however, the intrinsic mechanism is unclear and there is still lack of effective medications. In this study, the VD rats exhibit a progressive cognitive impairment, as well as a time‐related increasing in hippocampal neural stem cells (H‐NSCs) senescence, lost and neurogenesis decline. Then, embryonic stem cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (ESC‐sEVs) are intravenously injected into VD rats. ESC‐sEVs treatment significantly alleviates H‐NSCs senescence, recovers compromised proliferation and neuron differentiation capacity, and reverses cognitive impairment. By microarray analysis and RT‐qPCR it is identified that several miRNAs including miR‐17‐5p, miR‐18a‐5p, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐29a‐3p, and let‐7a‐5p, that can inhibit mTORC1 activation, exist in ESC‐sEVs. ESC‐sEVs rejuvenate H‐NSCs senescence partly by transferring these miRNAs to inhibit mTORC1 activation, promote transcription factor EB (TFEB) nuclear translocation and lysosome resumption. Taken together, these data indicate that H‐NSCs senescence cause cell depletion, neurogenesis reduction, and cognitive impairment in VD. ESC‐sEVs treatment ameliorates H‐NSCs senescence by inhibiting mTORC1 activation, and promoting TFEB nuclear translocation and lysosome resumption, thereby reversing senescence‐related neurogenesis dysfunction and cognitive impairment in VD. The application of ESC‐sEVs may be a novel cell‐free therapeutic tool for patients with VD, as well as other aging‐related diseases.
Germline Polymorphisms and Length of Survival of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: An Exome‐Wide Association Study in Multiple Cohorts
Authors: Guo Yun‐Miao , Chen Jie‐Rong , Feng Yan‐Chun , Chua Melvin L. K. , Zeng Yanni , Hui Edwin Pun , Chan Allen K. C. , Tang Lin‐Quan , Wang Lin , Cui Qian , Han Hui‐Qiong , Luo Chun‐Ling , Lin Guo‐Wang , Liang Yan , Liu Yang , He Zhong‐Lian , Liu Yu‐Xiang , Wei Pan‐Pan , Liu Chu‐Jun , Peng Wan , Han Bo‐Wei , Zuo Xiao‐Yu , Ong Enya H. W. , Yeo Eugenia L. L. , Low Kar Perng , Tan Gek San , Lim Tony K. H. , Hwang Jacqueline S. G. , Li Bo , Feng Qi‐Sheng , Xia Xiaojun , Xia Yun‐Fei , Ko Josephine , Dai Wei , Lung Maria L. , Chan Anthony T. C. , Lo Dennis Y. M. , Zeng Mu‐Sheng , Mai Hai‐Qiang , Liu Jianjun , Zeng Yi‐Xin , Bei Jin‐Xin
Published: March 2020

Germline polymorphisms are linked with differential survival outcomes in cancers but are not well studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, a two‐phase association study is conducted to discover germline polymorphisms that are associated with the prognosis of NPC. The discovery phase includes two consecutive hospital cohorts of patients with NPC from Southern China. Exome‐wide genotypes at 246 173 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are determined, followed by survival analysis for each SNP under Cox proportional hazard regression model. Candidate SNP is replicated in another two independent cohorts from Southern China and Singapore. Meta‐analysis of all samples (n = 5553) confirms that the presence of rs1131636‐T, located in the 3′‐UTR of RPA1, confers an inferior overall survival (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.20–1.47, P = 6.31 × 10−8). Bioinformatics and biological assays show that rs1131636 has regulatory effects on upstream RPA1. Functional studies further demonstrate that RPA1 promotes the growth, invasion, migration, and radioresistance of NPC cells. Additionally, miR‐1253 is identified as a suppressor for RPA1 expression, likely through regulation of its binding affinity to rs1131636 locus. Collectively, these findings provide a promising biomarker aiding in stratifying patients with poor survival, as well as a potential drug target for NPC.
Codoped Holey Graphene Aerogel by Selective Etching for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhao Jin , Zhang Yi‐Zhou , Chen Jianyu , Zhang Wenli , Yuan Du , Chua Rodney , Alshareef Husam N. , Ma Yanwen
Published: March 2020

The pursuit of more efficient carbon‐based anodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) prepared from facile and economical methods is a very important endeavor. Based on the crystallinity difference within carbon materials, herein, a low‐temperature selective burning method is developed for preparing oxygen and nitrogen codoped holey graphene aerogel as additive‐free anode for SIBs. By selective burning of a mixture of graphene and low‐crystallinity carbon at 450 °C in air, an elastic porous graphene monolith with abundant holes on graphene sheets and optimized crystallinity is obtained. These structural characteristics lead to an additive‐free electrode with fast charge (ions and electrons) transfer and more abundant Na+ storage active sites. Moreover, the heteroatom oxygen/nitrogen doping favors large interlayer distance for rapid Na+ insertion/extraction and provides more active sites for high capacitive contribution. The optimized sample exhibits superior sodium‐ion storage capability, i.e., high specific capacity (446 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), ultrahigh rate capability (189 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1), and long cycle life (81.0% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1). This facile and economic strategy might be extended to fabricating other superior carbon‐based energy storage materials.
Cocrystallization‐Induced Spontaneous Deracemization: A General Thermodynamic Approach to Deracemization
Authors: Guillot Michael , de Meester Joséphine , Huynen Sarah , Collard Laurent , Robeyns Koen , Riant Olivier , Leyssens Tom
Published: March 2020

Processes leading to enantiomerically pure compounds are of utmost importance, in particular for the pharmaceutical industry. Starting from a racemic mixture, crystallization‐induced diastereomeric transformation allows in theory for 100 % transformation of the desired enantiomer. However, this method has the inherent limiting requirement for the organic compound to form a salt. Herein, this limitation is lifted by introducing cocrystallization in the context of thermodynamic deracemization, with the process applied to a model chiral fungicide. We report a new general single thermodynamic deracemization process based on cocrystallization for the deracemization of (R,S)‐4,4‐dimethyl‐1‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)pentan‐3‐one. This study demonstrates the feasibility of this novel approach and paves the way to further development of such processes.
Electroactive Metal–Organic Frameworks as Emitters for Self‐Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Jin Zhongchao , Zhu Xiaorong , Wang Ningning , Li Yafei , Ju Huangxian , Lei Jianping
Published: March 2020

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have limited applications in electrochemistry owing to their poor conductivity. Now, an electroactive MOF (E‐MOF) is designed as a highly crystallized electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitter in aqueous medium. The E‐MOF contains mixed ligands of hydroquinone and phenanthroline as oxidative and reductive couples, respectively. E‐MOFs demonstrate excellent performance with surface state model in both co‐reactant and annihilation ECL in aqueous medium. Compared with the individual components, E‐MOFs significantly improve the ECL emission due to the framework structure. The self‐enhanced ECL emission with high stability is realized by the accumulation of MOF cation radicals via pre‐reduction electrolysis. The self‐enhanced mechanism is theoretically identified by DFT. The mixed‐ligand E‐MOFs provide a proof of concept using molecular crystalline materials as new ECL emitters for fundamental mechanism studies.
Interplay of Electronic and Steric Effects to Yield Low‐Temperature CO Oxidation at Metal Single Sites in Defect‐Engineered HKUST‐1
Authors: Wang Weijia , Sharapa Dmitry I. , Chandresh Abhinav , Nefedov Alexei , Heißler Stefan , Heinke Lars , Studt Felix , Wang Yuemin , Wöll Christof
Published: March 2020

In contrast to catalytically active metal single atoms deposited on oxide nanoparticles, the crystalline nature of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) allows for a thorough characterization of reaction mechanisms. Using defect‐free HKUST‐1 MOF thin films, we demonstrate that Cu+/Cu2+ dimer defects, created in a controlled fashion by reducing the pristine Cu2+/Cu2+ pairs of the intact framework, account for the high catalytic activity in low‐temperature CO oxidation. Combining advanced IR spectroscopy and density functional theory we propose a new reaction mechanism where the key intermediate is an uncharged O2 species, weakly bound to Cu+/Cu2+. Our results reveal a complex interplay between electronic and steric effects at defect sites in MOFs and provide important guidelines for tailoring and exploiting the catalytic activity of single metal atom sites.
Side‐On Bonded Beryllium Dinitrogen Complexes
Authors: Deng Guohai , Pan Sudip , Wang Guanjun , Zhao Lili , Zhou Mingfei , Frenking Gernot
Published: March 2020

The preparation and spectroscopic identification of the complexes NNBe(η2‐N2) and (NN)2Be(η2‐N2) and the energetically higher lying isomers Be(NN)2and Be(NN)3are reported. NNBe(η2‐N2) and (NN)2Be(η2‐N2) are the first examples of covalently side‐on bonded N2adducts of a main‐group element. The analysis of the electronic structure using modern methods of quantum chemistry suggests that NNBe(η2‐N2) and (NN)2Be(η2‐N2) should be classified as π complexes rather than metalladiazirines.
A novel method combining species distribution models, remote sensing, and field surveys for detecting and mapping subtidal seagrass meadows
Authors: Beca‐Carretero Pedro , Varela Sara , Stengel Dagmar B.
Published: March 2020

Seagrasses such as Zostera marina L. play a key role in coastal ecosystems because of the ecological goods and services that they provide, enhancing biodiversity, productivity and carbon sequestration. Despite their ecological relevance, their distribution is, to date, insufficiently documented and it is estimated that only one‐quarter of their global extent is mapped.

This study aims to develop a new method to accurately detect and map subtidal seagrass meadows, using Irish seagrass populations as a case study. This method consists of four steps: (i) the development of a species distribution model (SDM); (ii) the use of satellite‐derived images to visually appraise the potential presence and extent of seagrass beds; (iii) field surveys to validate the presence or absence of the seagrass; and finally (iv) the construction of an up‐to‐date detailed map of the seagrass distribution for the region under investigation.

Results indicate that along the Irish coast, and in western regions in particular, the actual distribution of seagrass is considerably greater than is currently reported. Using the proposed method, 16 new regions occupied by seagrass in areas of interest in County Galway (Kilkieran Bay, Bertraghboy Bay, and Chasla Bay) were identified, accounting for a total of 267.92 ha, which increased the previously documented distribution in this area by 44.74%.

In this study, we demonstrate the potential of this novel method to efficiently identify and map undocumented subtidal seagrass meadows. As seagrass habitats are under threat globally, the development of new mapping strategies is a critical contribution to current international efforts in seagrass monitoring and management.