bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF 1-METHYLOCYCLOPROPENE (1-MCP) ON THE QUALITY AND STORABILITY OF ‘RED JONAPRINCE’ APPLES STORED IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Błaszczyk Jan , Gasparski Krzysztof
Published: February 2020

The research was carried out on apples of the cultivar ‘Red Jonaprince’ in two storage seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Both 1-MCP-treated and untreated apples were stored for 120 and 150 days at 2°C and 90–92% relative humidity in a regular cold store (NA) and in two atmospheric controlled storages, i.e. 2% CO2 and 2% O2 (CA) and 2% CO2 and 1.2% O2 (ULO). Apples were evaluated directly after the storage and after 7 days of simulated shelf-life. It was shown that storage conditions had significant impact on the value of apple quality traits. The effectiveness of the post-harvest 1-MCP treatment of apples manifested in different manner depending on the tested trait and storage conditions. 1-MCP delayed the softening of apples, but only those stored in CA and ULO. It effectively limited the decrease in titratable acidity, especially of apples from NA and ULO. A positive effect of 1-MCP in NA conditions on the soluble solids content was observed, as well as a reduction in the natural loss of weight and the percentage of fruits with the symptoms of fungal decay.
ABUNDANCE AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF AMMONIA OXIDIZING ARCHAEA AND BACTERIA IN RESPONSE TO PEANUT GROWTH UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITION IN SHANDONG, CHINA
Authors: Huang Chao , Xu Nianfang , Fu Zaiqiu , Sun Botong , You Shengbo , Ma Deyuan , Yu Jinhui
Published: February 2020

Based on a three-year field experiment under controlled condition in Ji’nan, China, the effects of peanut growth on the variation in the abundance and community structure of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Archaea (AOA) before and after peanut growth were investigated through quantitative PCR and cluster analysis of terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results show that the community composition of AOA and AOB was greatly affected by the peanut growth leading to the decreased abundance of AOA and increased abundance of AOB. Furthermore, AOA and AOB community structures varied before and after peanut growth. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all AOA and AOB community sequences were clustered into the uncultured group. Altogether, the results suggested that the abundance of AOA and AOB in soil and their community compositions can be greatly affected by the peanut growth.
THE EFFECT OF FLURIDONE ON ACCUMULATION OF CAROTENOIDS, FLAVONOIDS AND PHENOLIC ACIDS IN RIPENING TOMATO FRUIT
Authors: Wiczkowski Wiesław , Góraj-Koniarska Justyna , Saniewski Marian , Horbowicz Marcin
Published: February 2020

We examined the response of maturing tomato fruit exposed for 7 days to fluridone (1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-trifluoromethyl(phenyl)]-4(1H)-pyridinone). Fluridone was applied in lanolin paste in the form of a 2–3 mm wide strip from the top to the base of the fruit. As a control, a similar stripe of lanolin was applied in the same way on the opposite side of the same fruit. The content of major carotenoids, as well as flavonoids, and free and bound phenolic acids were determined using a HPLC and HPLC-MS-MS methods. Fluridone almost completely blocked the biosynthesis of lycopene and substantial declined content of ß-carotene and lutein in the tomato fruit. The fluridone caused a decreased content of quercetin, rutin and naringenin, and increased level of epicatechin. The herbicide did not affect the content of p-coumaric acid, but reduced the level of caffeic acid, both free and ester form, and declined the content of free ferulic and chlorogenic acids. Changes in phenolics composition observed for the first time indicate that fluridone interferes with the biosynthesis of further products of the metabolism of p-coumaric acid, both flavonoids and phenolic acids.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Brassica rapa GERMPLASM OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN REVEALED BY MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: Ali Naushad , Ali Sardar , Khan Naqib Ullah , Jan Sohail Ahmad , Rabbani Malik Ashiq , Hussain Ijaz
Published: February 2020

A total of 96 indigenous Brassica rapa accessions were collected from different locations of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers were used to identify the most diverse genotypes among the collected lots. Twenty six (26) different SSR primers were used for (genetic) variability among collected genotypes. These primers were selected from literature based on their previous results. These primers produced 135 scorable bands of which 75 were polymorphic, with an average of 55.5% polymorphic loci, and reflected the broader genetic background of the collected genotypes. An average 2.88 polymorphic bands with an average PIC value of 0.49 was recorded. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) divided all genotypes into three main groups. Group one contained three clusters, while group two and three had four and two clusters each. Based on the UPGMA dendrogram, genotypes collected from Kohat, Bannu, Swat and Haripur showed considerable amount of variation. From the present study, it is concluded that SSR markers can be proved as the best tool for the genetic variability of other local and exotic B. rapa genotypes.
INFLUENCE OF SALINITY ON GROWTH AND ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT OF CARROT (Daucus carota L.)
Authors: Shiyab Safwan , Al-Qarallah Bassam , Akash Muhanad
Published: February 2020

Carrot production of valuable carotenes, carbohydrate and protein are hindered by elevated salinity levels in many parts of the world. To assess this problem, germination and growth of two carrot cultivars (Daucus carota cvs Jordan and Napoli) were studied in vivo and in vitro under different salt stress concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). Seeds were directly or gradually exposed to these salt concentrations. With elevated salinity levels, significant reductions in growth parameters (dry shoot weight, fresh shoot weight, shoot length, root length, and root number) were observed. Also, significant difference in germination percentage was observed at 150 mM NaCl in both cultivars when compared with control treatment (90% germination percentage in Napoli and 71% in Jordan cultivar). Growth rate, tolerant index, and relative water content (RWC) declined as salinity increased. The 150 mM NaCl salinity treatment significantly reduced the shoot chlorophyll and protein content, but increased carbohydrate content. Lesser impairment by the gradual exposure of seedling to salinity provides an opportunity to study the acquirement of salt tolerance.
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation with uninterrupted anticoagulation: a meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials
Authors: Di Monaco Antonio , Guida Pietro , Vitulano Nicola , Quadrini Federico , Troisi Federica , Langialonga Tommaso , Grimaldi Massimo
Published: February 2020

Aims

Uninterrupted anticoagulation is recommended during the ablation of atrial fibrillation. This meta-analysis compared the safety and efficacy of uninterrupted direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) to uninterrupted vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) during atrial fibrillation ablation.

Methods

The meta-analysis included eligible randomized controlled trials from 2009 to 2019. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were pooled using a random effects model and a sensitivity analysis was performed by sequentially removing one study or DOAC at a time.

Results

Six studies were included; 1288 received DOAC and 1081 VKA. Pooled ORs indicated a lower nonsignificant incidence in DOACs vs. VKA of composite outcome of major bleeding, stroke, or transient ischemic attack, and mortality (0.69; 0.28–1.71; 31 vs. 45 events), major bleeding alone (0.66; 0.30–1.47; 27 vs. 41 events), and cardiac tamponade (0.56; 0.21–1.45; eight vs. 13 events) with a slightly higher occurrence of minor bleeding (1.17; 0.89–1.56; 139 vs. 106 events) and silent cerebral thromboembolic events (1.12; 0.75–1.66; 72 vs. 58 among 442 and 376 patients performing MRI study). Sensitivity analyses confirmed overall results: pooled ORs ranged from 0.56 to 1.00 for the composite outcome and from 0.54 to 0.92 for major bleedings.

Conclusion

Uninterrupted DOAC is a safe and effective alternative to uninterrupted VKA during atrial fibrillation ablation.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KEAKSARAAN DASAR KOMUNITAS ADAT TERPENCIL DI KABUPATEN SAROLANGUN, PROVINSI JAMBI: SEBUAH CATATAN KRITIS
Authors: Pratiwi Indah
Published: February 2020

Sejak 2016, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan melalui Direktorat Pembinaan Pendidikan Keaksaaraan dan Kesetaraan menyelenggarakan Program bertajuk Program Pendidikan Keaksaraan Dasar Komunitas Adat Terpencil. Tujuan program ini adalah menjadikan warga komunitas adat di wilayah terpencil berusia 15-59 tahun melek aksara sehingga bermanfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Tulisan ini berupaya untuk melihat implementasi program tersebut khususnya pada masyarakat Suku Anak Dalam di Kabupaten Sarolangun, Provinsi Jambi. Data dalam tulisan ini bersumber dari penelusuran pustaka, observasi, serta wawancara baik dengan pengelola program di tingkat pusat (Kemendikbud) maupun pelaksana di tingkat daerah (Dinas Pendidikan dan PKBM). Dengan menganalisis data yang tersedia tampak bahwa meskipun target program untuk menjadikan 80% warga belajar melek aksara telah terpenuhi namun terdapat beberapa permasalahan dalam implementasi program yang perlu diperhatikan untuk meningkatkan capaian program. Beberapa permasalahan tersebut antara lain terkait dengan keterbatasan daya jangkau program, relatif lemahnya kapasitas SDM pelaksana program, dan rendahnya peluang keberlanjutan program.
AGAMA LOKAL DI KAWASAN PERBATASAN: KEPERCAYAAN MASADEâ€™ DI KEPULAUAN SANGIHE
Authors: Azis Muhammad Nur Ichsan
Published: February 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengaruh kepercayaan dan kebudayaan di Nusantara yang memunculkan kepercayaan lokal di kawasan tertentu. Proses panjang dari hubungan tersebut tidak dapat dilepaskan dari peran para pendatang dan penduduk pribumi. Di Kepulauan Sangihe, pengaruh ini masih terasa sampai sekarang ini. Bahkan dikatakan bahwa pengaruh tersebut bersamaan dengan adanya proses Islamisasi yang dibawa melalui jalur niaga dan politik. Kuatnya pengaruh animisme dan dinamisme berdampak pada penerimaan terhadap ajaran baru, sehingga dilakukan penyesuaian inilah memunculkan aliran kepercayaan lokal, tidak terkecuali di Kepulauan Sangihe, yang dikenal dengan ajaran Masadeâ€™. Tulisan ini merupakan tulisan sejarah yang menggunakan metode sejarah dengan pendekatan kebudayaan. Asimilasi dan akulturasi kebudayaan berdampak langsung pada pembentukan pola pikir, praktek, hingga kepercayaan khususnya di masyarakat Kepulauan Sangihe. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa pengaruh animis dan dinamis di Nusantara berlangsung cukup lama, sehingga agama-agama â€œsamawiâ€ belum dapat diterima â€œmenyeluruhâ€ oleh penduduk setempat, sehingga memunculkan kepercayaan lokal yang terpengaruh dengan ajaran Islam.
DAFTAR ISI, EDITORIAL DAN LEMBAR ABSTRAK VOL. 10, NO. 3 TAHUN 2017
Authors: Litjak Jurnal
Published: February 2020

DAFTAR ISI, EDITORIAL DAN LEMBAR ABSTRAK VOL. 10, NO. 3 TAHUN 2017
KEBUTUHAN GURU PEMINATAN KEJURUAN DAN PEMENUHANNYA DI SMK
Authors: Teguh Supriyadi
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengetahui kebutuhan guru SMK, dan (2) mengidentifikasi upaya-upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan guru SMK. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis data sekunder, yaitu memanfaatkan data kuantitatif yang sudah ada dari berbagai sumber data. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kebutuhan guru peminatan kejuruan masuk dalam ketegori kekurangan. Kekurangan guru peminatan kejuruan terjadi di sekolah negeri maupun swasta. Kekurangan guru di sekolah swasta lebih besar daripada di sekolah negeri. Kekurangan guru peminatan kejuruan terjadi di semua bidang keahlian dan provinsi. Perkecualian di sekolah negeri di Provinsi Aceh sudah kelebihan guru. Upaya pemenuhan guru peminatan kejuruan telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah. Program yang sudah/sedang/belum dilakukan pemerintah antara lain: Program Keahlian Ganda, Program Guru Tamu, Program Rekognisi Pembelajaran Lampau (RPL), maupun Program Magang Mahasiswa PPG. Upaya pemenuhan guru peminatan kejuruan dapat lebih maksimal lagi dengan memberdayakan: (1) UU Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 Tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara (2) Permendikbud Nomor 34 Tahun 2018 Tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan/Madrasah Aliyah Kejuruan: Standar Pendidik Dan Tenaga Kependidikan, dan (3) UU No. 12 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pendidikan Tinggi. Dengan memberdayakan peraturan-peraturan tersebut, maka upaya pemenuhan guru peminatan kejuruan yang dapat dilakukan adalah program guru PPPK, program Instruktur kejuruan yang berasal dari dunia usaha/industry, dan program Kerjasama dengan perguruan tinggi.
STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING UNDER SCHOOL (ATS) THROUGH SMART INDONESIA PROGRAMS (PIP)
Authors: Syaukat Herlinawati , Susanto Arie Budi
Published: February 2020

This study aims to: 1) Data Collection of Non-School Children (ATS), 2) Factors that cause ATS and return to school, 3) Attempts and motivation of ATS back to school. Using qualitative and quantitative methods with purposive sampling. The ATS data collection is constrained by synchronization of data from the district / city starting from the village and kelurahan level to facilitate verification of PIP data on children who have not yet received access to education in Surabaya City and Padang City according to the target because HR / data is less than the location and difficult geographical conditions, while the data collection time is limited. For this reason, a one-door mechanism is needed for data synchronization. Whereas the regions which were well recorded even exceeded the target achievement due to the area being the ATS enclave was Bogor Regency and Gorontalo Regency. The most common factors causing ATS are economic, geographical, social environment influences, and lack of self motivation in students. Efforts are being made so that ATS can return to education, among others; 1). The government and regional government guarantee that registered ATS will receive financial assistance and can continue schooling again; 2). Provide a learning place for ATS of at least one village, one study group with adequate facilities; 3). To provide guidance or assistance to ATS to motivate the ATS to get education services again; 4). Bring a psychologist or motivator to encourage ATS to come to learning; 5). Persuasive approach both to ATS and to parents; 6). Bringing ATS alumni who are successful and successful as an example / figure that is expected to generate enthusiasm and motivation for ATS to succeed as its alumni.
STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN MUTU PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (PAUD)
Authors: Murdiyaningrum Yunita - , Rahman Relisa -
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mekanisme sekaligus strategi pengendalian mutu penyelenggaraan PAUD yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Sleman untuk dapat dijadikan rujukan bagi daerah lain dalam penyelenggaraan PAUD khususnya dalam mengendalikan mutu lembaga untuk melayani pendidikan bagi anak usia dini. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), penyebaran angket, dan studi dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian mutu dilaksanakan dengan jumlah SDM yang terbatas, dengan rasio penilik/ pengawas: lembaga sejumlah 1:70/33 dengan demikian pengendalian mutu dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan oragnisasi mitra dan kunjungan ke lembaga diprioritaskan untuk lembaga yang akan dilakukan akreditasi dengan melihat kesiapan berkas administrasi tanpa ada visitasi pembelajaran. Ketidaksesuaian kualifikasi dan kompetensi pengawas TK dan penilik PAUD merupakan kendala lainnya, proses rekrutmen terutama penilik tidak memiliki kualifikasi yang relevan dengan PAUD, selain itu pendidikan dan pelatihan belum diikuti oleh semua pengawas TK dan penilik PAUD. Pengendalian mutu dilakukan tidak melalui koordinasi yang baik antara bidang PAUD Dikmas dengan pengawas TK dan penilik PAUD karena tanggungjawab terhadap tugas kepengawasan tidak diberikan kepada bidang PAUD Dikmas
DAFTAR ISI, EDITORAL DAN LEMBAR ABSTRAK VOL. 12, NO. 2 TAHUN 2019
Authors: Litjak Jurnal
Published: February 2020

DAFTAR ISI, EDITORIAL DAN LEMBAR ABSTRAK VOL. 12, NO. 2 TAHUN 2019
Gentrificación y alimentación en Santa María La Ribera
Authors: Vázquez-Medina José Antonio , Hernández-Cordero Adrián , Inés Lagos Sofía , Rangel-Trujillo Francisco Ramón
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: explorar la relación que existe entre gentrificación y alimentación en un barrio de la Ciudad de México a través del cambio del paisaje alimentario de la zona estudiada. Metodología: este trabajo tiene una combinación de técnicas etnográficas que incluyen observación participante y doce entrevistas semiestructuradas a informantes clave. Resultados: los procesos de transformación barrial pueden ser analizados a través de las prácticas alimentarias y de las reconfiguraciones de los paisajes alimentarios urbanos en múltiples dimensiones: desde el establecimiento de nuevos negocios, hasta la diversificación en los tipos de consumo, pasando por el significado que adquieren los establecimientos tradicionales que se han convertido en espacios de resistencia. Los cambios en la estructura urbana y demográfica están estrechamente vinculados con la transformación del paisaje. Limitaciones: el presente trabajo no alcanza a registrar otros procesos concatenados a la propia transformación barrial y que inciden también en las prácticas alimentarios de habitantes y visitantes de la misma. Conclusiones: a partir del análisis de Santa María La Ribera podemos resaltar la forma en la que los cambios en la oferta culinaria de un vecindario pueden evidenciar la manera en que éste se reconfiguran en su estructura poblacional y urbana, así como la resignificación de ciertos espacios como los puntos de venta y consumo de alimentos.
Specifics of Geography Teacher Training at the Faculty of Natural Sciences Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra
Authors: Nemčíková Magdaléna , Rampašeková Zuzana , Kramáreková Hilda , Dubcová Alena
Published: February 2020

The Slovak education is currently experiencing a turbulent period associated with ongoing efforts to reform the education system, under-funding of education with low teacher salaries, overworked and feminized teaching staff, low social status of a teacher in society, problems in the creation and distribution of current textbooks, insufficient interest in studying natural sciences, leaving of young people to study abroad, etc. This situation is also reflected in the training of future teachers including the geography teachers (in combination with other subjects). The aim of this study is to provide basic information on the development of future geography teacher education in Nitra, which has almost a 60-year tradition. Moreover, it characterizes the current state of this education in the context of the subject field didactics and pedagogical practice and identifies the challenges of their future preparation. Methods of text analysis, information comparison, and statistical processing of quantitative information were used in this study. Key findings include the dynamics of the number of graduates from geography teaching study programs, responding to the situation in education system and demographic decline in the population, and reduction of contact lessons at the university leading to a reduction in the professional and didactic extent of knowledge and skills of future teachers. The most important conclusions or recommendations as well as scientific contribution concern the necessity to change the attitude of teachers towards the practically oriented teaching with stronger emphasis on training students’ creativity not only through ICT, but also using creative and critical thinking strategies.
Niska świadomość ekologiczna studentów efektem niewystarczającego kształcenia... przyrodniczego na wcześniejszych etapach edukacyjnych
Authors: Janczarska Bergel Katarzyna
Published: February 2020

Absolwent studiów przyrodniczych powinien wykazać się duża znajomością zagadnień z ochrony przyrody oraz posiadać umiejętność wykorzystania tych kompetencji w życiu codziennym. Celem artykułu jest wykazanie stanu wiedzy dotyczącej ekologii studentów kierunków przyrodniczych (w tym nauczycielskich), który niewątpliwie przekłada się na przebieg ich kształcenia i świadomość ekologiczną. Autorka artykułu przedstawiła wyniki badań sondażowych przeprowadzonych wśród 100 studentów Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego w Krakowie, studiujących na kierunkach geografia, biologia oraz turystyka i rekreacja. Głównym celem badań było określenie poziomu świadomości ekologicznej oraz stopnia opanowania podstawowej wiedzy ekologicznej. Badania przeprowadzone w 2017 roku wśród studentów powyższych kierunków wykazały wiele aspektów wpływających na niski zasób wiedzy przyrodniczej i świadomość ekologiczną. Dotyczyły one przede wszystkim kształcenia formalnego i nieformalnego, ale także braku dostarczania bodźca wzbudzającego zainteresowanie ekologią na studiach wyższych. Niepokojący jest przede wszystkim fakt, że problem ten dotyczy także przyszłych nauczycieli, co powoduję potrzebę zmian w procesie kształcenia w polskich szkołach – począwszy od podstawy programowej a skończywszy na poprawie edukacji ekologicznej samych nauczycieli.
Tradycje i zakres polskich badań polarnych na przykładzie działalności Polskiej Stacji Polarnej na Spitsbergenie
Authors: Dolnicki Piotr
Published: February 2020

W artykule przedstawiono rys historyczny polskich badań naukowych prowadzonych na obszarach polarnych. Ważnym aspektem pracy jest przedstawienie współczesnego zaangażowania polskich ośrodków naukowych w badania polarne, wskazanie na ich stan aktualny oraz na plany dotyczące przyszłości. W pracy przedstawiono również sposób funkcjonowania stacji polarnej na przykładzie Polskiej Stacji im. Stanisława Siedleckiego na Spitsbergenie. Prezentowany materiał jest zbiorem informacji możliwych do wykorzystania przez nauczycieli realizujących obowiązującą podstawę programową, która wprowadza do szkół podstawowych zagadnienia dotyczące zaangażowania Polski w badania polarne.
Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Tempe Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Authors: Hanifa Lita Nur , Gama Sabaniah Indjar , Rijai Laode
Published: February 2020

Soybean is a bean that is basically used as raw material for making tempeh, but the need for soybeans is not balanced with the amount of production in Indonesia. Therefore it is necessary to study the secondary metabolites needed in red bean tempeh (Phaseolus vulgaris) for alternatives to soybeans as another raw material from non-soy beans produced from Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites present in red bean tempeh. Samples were obtained from the Sulawesi region. The analytical method used in this study are qualitative submitting flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. The results obtained from studies that have been carried out namely red bean tempeh are proven to have all the composition of secondary metabolites with the exception of saponins.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombinasi Ekstrak Umbi Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill) Urb) dan Rimpang Kunyit(Curcuma domestica Val.)
Authors: Agustin Yoni Miftahun Nafsiyah , Meylina Lisna , Sastyarina Yurika
Published: February 2020

Bawang tiwai (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill) Urb)a plant that originated from Kalimantan. This plant is traditionally used as a medicinal plant in the community. Bawang tiwai have bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins which act as antioxidants. In addition bawang tiwai, turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.)is a traditional medicinal plant used for seasoning and is a medicinal plant as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory. The aim of the research is to measure the antioxidant activity of the combination of extracts of bawang tiwai(Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill) Urb)and Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.). Antioxidant activity test used the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hidrazil) measured absorption at a wavelength of 517 nm. Antioxidant activity was assessed based on% inhibition (IC50) which is the concentration of the sample solution is needed to reduce free radicals by 50%. The results obtained by measuring the antioxidant activity fromcombination extracts of IC50 was 185,118 ppm respectively.
ЕКОЛОГО-ЦЕНОТИЧНА СТРУКТУРА ФЛОРИ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ РІВНИНИ
Authors: Pryhara O. V.
Published: February 2020

The Transcarpathian plain is the northeastern part of the large Middle Danube lowland in the Transcarpathian region. The length of the plain is 80–90 km, the width is 22–23 km, the height is 102–120 m asl. Within the Transcarpathian plain stands out the Berehiv hills, represented by single volcanic mountains of 300-500 m altitude (Black Mountain – 568 m asl, Shalanka – 372 m asl. and other).

The Transcarpathian plain is located mainly on the right bank of the Tisza River. Soil-forming rocks are mostly acidic. The climate of the Transcarpathian plain is humid, temperate and continental.

The spontaneous flora of the Transcarpathian plain consists of 1209 species of higher vascular plants. Depending on the ecological and coenotic affiliation of flora species to the main zonal vegetation types, seven florencoenotypes were identified in the territory of the studied region: 1) Immoral (Nemoralophyton) – 375 coenoelements (33.33% of the total number of species). In the composition of the Nemoralophyton the florencoenosvites are distinguished: a) oak-hornbeam (Querceto-carpinetophytum) – 130 coenoelements (10.75%); b) helio-quercetal (Quercetophytum) – 171 coenoelements (14.14%); c) fagetal (Fagetophytum) – 74 coenoelements (6.12%); 2) Meadow (Pratophyton) – 220 coenoelements (18.2%). As a part of the Pratophyton the florencoenosvites are: а) flood-meadow (Humidopratophytum) – 92 coenoelements (8.02%); b) land-meadow (Mesopratophytum) – 132 coenoelements (10.92%); 3) Meadow-steppe (Prato-Steppophyton) – 164 coenoelements (13.56%); 4) Xerothermic shrub (Xerothamnophyton) – 32 coenoelements (2.65% ); 5) Marsh (Paludophyton) – 31 coenoelements (2.56%); 6) Hygro-hydrophilic (Hyhro-Hydrophyton) – 129 coenoelements (10.67%). As a part of the Hygro-Hydrophyton the florencoenosvites are: a) coastal-water (Hygrophytum) – 79 coenoelements (6.53%); b) aqueous (Hygrophytum) – 50 coenoelements (4.13%); 7) Synanthropic (Synantropophyton) – 285 coenoelements (23.57%). In the composition of the Syntantropophyton the florencenosvites are as follows: a) vegetative vegetation (Segetalophytum) – 132 coenoelements (10.92%) and b) ruderal vegetation (Ruderalophytum) – 153 coenoelements (12.65%).

The results of the analysis of the ecological-coenotic structure of the flora of the Transcarpathian plain showed that the leading position is occupied by species of the immoral florenceonotype (Nemoralophyton) (with the predominance of the helio-quercetal florencoenosvita (Quercetophytum); meadow (Pratophyton) (with the predominance of land-meadow florencoenosvita (Mesopratophytum) and meadow-steppe (Prato-Steppophyton) florencoenotypes.

The distribution of species by major ecological-coenotic groups reflect the features of the main genetic types of vegetation, climatic, edaphic conditions and terrain of the territory under study
ПРОФЕСОР АРСАН ОРЕСТ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ – ПАМ’ЯТІ ВЧИТЕЛЯ І КОЛЕГИ
Authors: Hrubinko V. V. , Kurant V. Z.
Published: February 2020

The article is a tribute to a famous Ukrainian scientist in the field of ecological physiology, fish biochemistry and aquatic toxicology Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor Arsan Orest Mykhailovych. The scientist made a significant contribution to the study of the influence of many factors of the aquatic environment (temperature, metal ions, ammonia, petroleum products, surfactants, phenols, etc.) on metabolic processes in the body of hydro bionites. Prof. Arsan OM is the author of over 230 scientific papers and 5 monographs (co-authored). Under his scientific supervision, 6 Ph.D. and 1 doctoral thesis were defended. Prof. Arsan O.M. died on June 11, 2019. The memories of an outgoing personality, a kind and trustworthy companion will forever remain in our hearts.
РАРИТЕТНІ ВИДИ ФАУНИ ПРИРОДНОГО ЗАПОВІДНИКА «МЕДОБОРИ»
Authors: Kapeliukh Ya. I. , Chodyn O. B. , Kapustynskyi A. I. , Dobryvoda I. P.
Published: February 2020

The study is concerned with the study of natural and landscape conditions of the territory of the Nature Reserve "Medobory", and its historical significance in formation of the biotic diversity of Western Ukraine.

It focuses on the research into the territory and formation of the Nature Reserve "Medobory", which covers over 9 000 ha in the central Tovtry.

Moreover, the work highlights the ongoing studies of zoobiota in the area, and points out its significance for preserving the regional fauna (by the end of 2019 the following species were recorded: 1 species of freshwater sponge, 79 species of molluscum, 32 species of centipedes, 2170 species of insects, 15 species of fish, 11 species of amphibians, 7 species of reptiles, 197 species of birds, 55 species of mammals).

The study also provides a detailed analysis of international lists of threatened species valid for the territory of Ukraine, and the species from the Red Book of Ukraine (the 3rd edition); as a result it identifies certain species to be under protection, such as 41 species of mammals, 187 species of birds, 18 species of amphibian and reptiles, 4 species of fish, 30 species of arthopods, 1 species of molluscum. Altogether, there are 281 species in the international lists of endangered species, which makes 11 % of the reliably ascertained fauna variety of the conservation area (2566 species). Except for the arthopods, which are scarcely represented in the international lists, there are more than 63 % of the traced representatives of fauna vertebrates under protection, according to the international lists of endangered species (251 species out of 396 known ones). For many of the animal species the natural forest stand of Medobory is a refugium, where they survived the ice age, and in some of the localities certain rare relict species have survived into the present time.

On the territory of the Nature Reserve Medobory the following animal species enlisted internationally have been registered: IUCN Red List - 18 species, the European Red Lists of species - 28 species, the Bern Convention – 256 species, the Bonn Convention – 102 species,the Bern Convention – 256 species, the Washington Convention – 37 species. 83 animal species of the Reserve and the surrounding territory call for protection since they are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine.
ЖИРНОКИСЛОТНИЙ СКЛАД МІОКАРДУ ГУСЕЙ ЗА ДІЇ ВІКАСОЛУ
Authors: Yakoviichuk O. V. , Danchenko O. O. , Danchenko M. M. , Fedorko A. S. , Kulyk I. O.
Published: February 2020

In science vicasol is known to be relative to the energy and antioxidant systems of tissues closely related to the biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. This effect may cause changes in the fatty acid composition of tissues, and numerous works on the positive effect of quinones and their derivatives on the myocardial function, suggest that the proper dose and feeding can increase the stability and productivity of poultry. The given was aims to study the effect of vicasol on the fatty acid composition of goose myocardium.

Myocardium was chosen as a biological object. Biological material was collected every 7 days throughout the period from the 21st to the 35th day of ontogeny, characterized by the state of physiological tension of geese. Feeding of geese with vicasol at a dose of 0.7 mg / kg body weight began with the 3rd day of ontogeny. Fatty acid analysis in myocardial tissues was performed by gas-liquid chromatography, pre-fabric samples were processed with the method by Palmer (1971) to obtain tissue lipid extracts.

According to the results of the study, due to various changes in the content of the entire spectrum of fatty acids of the tissue during the experiment - the use of vicasol causes a slight increase in the unsaturation and the total content of unsaturated fatty acids in the myocardium of geese. These fluctuations are realized depending on the physiological state of the body. where vicasol can stimulate both the biosynthesis processes of individual fatty acids and their mitochondrial and microsomal oxidation, as evidenced by multidirectional reliable changes in the content of their entire spectrum. In particular, on the 21st day, the content of docosopentaenoic acid increased by 36.3% whereas the content of docosohexaenoic and linolenic acids decreased by an average of 21–24%, on the 28th day the content of eicosatetraic and docosahexaenoic acids increased whereas the content of the linoleic acids dropped by 22.6% in control groups. On the 35th day, the content of basic unsaturated fatty acids: palmitooleic, linoleic, linolenic and docosohexaenoic acids increased in the tissue under the influence of vicasol with complete depletion of docosopentaenoic acid. These fluctuations in fatty acid composition cause a slight increase in the total content of unsaturated fatty acids and increase the unsaturation of myocardial lipids on the 28th and 35th days of ontogeny of geese. Based on previous results regarding the antioxidant state of myocardium affected by vicasol and the given findings, which prove changes in the content of the entire spectrum of fatty acids during the selected ontogeny, vicasol can be used in poultry farming as a tool to improve the quality and the resilience of poultry.
ВПЛИВ ЕСФОНУ НА БІОХІМІЧНІ ЗМІНИ В ПЕРІОД ДОЗРІВАННЯ ЯГІД, УРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ТА ЯКІСТЬ ПЛОДІВ АҐРУСУ
Authors: Shataliuk Н. S. , Kuriata V. G.
Published: February 2020

The effect of pre-harvest treatment of gooseberry bushes (GROSSULARIA RECLINAT (L.) MILL) of cv. Mashenka with a 0.3% aqueous solution of ethylene product on the yield and quality characteristics of berries, quantitative changes in the content of structural polysaccharides during ripening were studied. The experiments were carried out in the field from 2015 to 2017. The experimental sites were randomly chosen, there were five bushes in a row, the repetition of the field experiment was fivefold. The plants were treated with 0.3% aqueous esphone two weeks prior to berry harvesting using an OP-2 backpack. The berries under analysis were selected every four days after treatment with the preparation. The polysaccharide content was determined on a fixed material. The berries were fixed in the field with liquid nitrogen, dried in a drying oven at 70º C to air - dry state. The determination of cellulose and pectin content was carried out by weight method, hemicellulose and non-structural carbohydrates (sugars and starch) in gooseberry fruits were carried out by iodometric method. To evaluate the quality of the berries, their analysis for total acidity was performed by potentiometric titration, ascorbic acid was determined using potassium hexacyanoferrate. The analytical replicability of the studies is fivefold. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the computer program ‘Statistica-6’. The significance of the difference between the control and experiment indicators was determined by Student's t-test. It is found out that on the fourth, eighth and twelfth days, the content of reducing sugars, sucrose and their amounts in the berries treated with ethyleneproducer plants was higher than in the control sample. A more intense decrease in the total acidity of the berries of the experimental sample was observed, while the ascorbic acid content did not change significantly. A higher amylase activity in berries due to ethylene products during ripening was also established, resulting in a faster decrease in the starch content in the berries and an increase in the sugar content. Pre-harvesting of gooseberry with ethylene product esphone leads to increased accumulation of pectic substances in the products, a more intensive hydrolysis of structural polysaccharides in comparison with the control sample, which serves as an indicator of more intense maceration of fetal tissues. The use of pre-harvest processing of gooseberry with ethylene product esphone has led to increased yields and higher quality of gooseberry crop production and has many prospects for the development of mechanized harvesting technologies.
Latvijas Republikas privāttiesību tiesu praksē laiks pāršķirt lappusi analoģijas jēdziena un satura izpratnes attīstībā
Authors: Kikors Rolands
Published: February 2020

Rolands Kikors savā rakstā analizē Latvijas Republikas tiesu praksi, tostarp analoģijas kā juridiskās metodes piemērošanu privāttiesībās. Jāpiekrīt autora secinājumam, ka pareiza analoģijas piemērošana vairs nevar tikt saistīta tikai ar sausu analoģijas jēdziena iegaumēšanu un piemērošanu noteiktās situācijās. Autora raksta nosaukums ir visai ambiciozs – “Latvijas Republikas privāttiesību tiesu praksē laiks pāršķirt lappusi analoģijas jēdziena un satura izpratnes attīstībā’’. Vai judikatūras attīstība ir saistāma ar valsts vēsturisko attīstību? Iespējams, ka tā būtu jābūt.

Rolands Kikors in his article analyses the Law Court practice in the Republic of Latvia, including application of analogy as a judicial method in private law court. One would agree with the conclusion provided by the author that appropriate analogy application is not any more mere memorisation and implementation of it in particular situations. The title of the article is quite ambitious – “It is Time to Turn Over a New Page in Evolution of Understanding the Concept and Matter of Analogy in Private Law Court Practice in the Republic of Latvia”. Is the development of case law connected with the historical development of a country? Probably, this is what it should be like.
Globalizācijas ietekme uz līgumsoda piemērošanu
Authors: Rinmane Zane
Published: February 2020

Zane Rinmane ir pievērsusies globalizācijas faktoru ietekmes analīzei līgumsodu piemērošanas procesos. Raksta noslēgumā ir formulēts secinājums, ka “līgumsoda evolūciju Latvijā ir ietekmējusi globalizācija, kas saistīta ar ģeogrāfisko robežu izzušanu, tādējādi saasinot jautājumus, tostarp par saistību izpildi un līgumsoda piemērošanu’’. Minētajam nevar nepiekrist. Zane Rinmane has addressed the impact of globalisation on the application of the contractual penalty. The conclusion of the article reads “evolution of contractual penalty in Latvia has been affected by globalisation, which is directly connected with the disappearance of physical borders, thus exacerbating questions on fulfilment of obligations and application of contractual penalties”. It is difficult to disagree with the stated above.
Autoru tiesiskā aizsardzība digitālajā vidē
Authors: Vindele Liene
Published: February 2020

RSU tiesību zinātņu doktorante Liene Vindele analizē pašreiz īpaši aktuālu un nozīmīgu problēmu – autoru tiesisko aizsardzību digitālajā vidē. Digitālās vides attīstība ir ļāvusi konstatēt arī autortiesību regulējuma nepilnības, kuru novēršanai ir nozīmīga loma ne tikai Latvijā, bet arī visā pasaulē. Digitalizācijas laikmetā patērētājam ir iespējams salīdzinoši vieglāk piekļūt nelegālam saturam digitālajā vidē nekā atrast legālu avotu. Var pievienoties autores viedoklim, ka ir būtiski izglītot sabiedrību par autortiesībām, nevis tikai ieviest soda sankcijas, tāpēc izglītojoši pasākumi var veicināt sabiedrības izpratni par autortiesību sistēmu.

RSU doctorate in law Liene Vindele analyses a currently very topical and significant problem – legal protection of authors’ rights in the digital environment. Development of the digital environment has allowed for scrutiny of copyright deficiencies, the elimination of which is significant not only in the context of Latvia, but also world-wide. The digital era has provided much easier opportunities for a consumer to access the illegal content in the digital environment than locate the legal one. One can agree with the viewpoint of the author that it is important to educate society on copyright issues, not just establish a penalty system; therefore, educational measures may promote societal understanding on the role of copyright issues.
Sporta jēdziens un tā attiecināšana uz prāta spēlēm
Authors: Alfejeva Jeļena
Published: February 2020

Tiesību doktore Jeļena Alfejeva skata jaunu tēmu – sporta jēdziena izpratni un tā attiecināšanu uz prāta spēlēm. Autore secina, ka sports ir visu veidu individuālas vai organizētas aktivitātes fiziskās un garīgās veselības saglabāšanai un uzlabošanai un saistīts ar panākumu gūšanu sporta sacensībās. J. Alfejeva uzsver, ka minētā jēdziena izpratne nav viennozīmīga.

Doctor of law Jeļena Alfejeva addresses a new topic – understanding the definition of “sport” and its extension to mind games. The author concludes that sport can be understood as diverse individual and group activities with the aim to maintain and improve one’s physical and mental health, and it also aims to gain success in sport competitions. J. Alfejeva stresses that the term is rather ambiguous.
Tiesisks darījums un tā noslēgšanas brīdis zemes likumiskās (piespiedu) nomas tiesisko attiecību gadījumā
Authors: Snipe Arta
Published: February 2020

Arta Snipe savā rakstā analizē tiesiskos darījumus un to noslēgšanas praksi zemes likumiskās (piespiedu) nomas tiesisko attiecību gadījumā. Problēmjautājumi veidojas tādēļ, ka, pieņemot lēmumu zemes un ēkas īpašnieku savstarpējās tiesiskās attiecības regulēt atbilstoši nomas līguma noteikumiem, likumdevējs radīja pamatu t. s. dalīto īpašumu pastāvēšanai. Šo piespiedu nomas tiesisko attiecību nodibināšanas pamats ir likums – normas, kas iekļautas likumā “Par zemes reformu Latvijas Republikas pilsētās” un likumā “Par valsts un pašvaldību dzīvojamo māju privatizāciju”. Autore, interpretējot spēkā esošās tiesību normas un judikatūras atziņas, aplūko daudzveidīgo tiesu praksi un dažādos juridiskajā periodikā paustos viedokļus. Pētījuma mērķis ir izvērtēt, vai zemes piespiedu noma ir atzīstama par darījumu un vai tā ir komercdarījums gadījumos, ja vismaz viena no darījuma pusēm ir komersants, un konstatēt šī darījuma noslēgšanas brīdi un prasījuma tiesību rašanās brīdi. Autore secina, ka zemes piespiedu noma nav atzīstama par tiesisku darījumu Civillikuma izpratnē, tādēļ to nevar atzīt par komercdarījumu Komerclikuma izpratnē.

In her article Arta Snipe analyses legal transactions and the practice of creating a legal (compulsory) lease of land. The problems arise due to having decided upon regulating legal relations between land and building owners in accordance with the terms of lease agreement, the lawmakers created the grounds for existence of shared property. The basis for the establishment of such a compulsory lease relationship is the law – norms included in the Law “On Land Reform in the Cities of the Republic of Latvia” and in the Law “On Privatization of State and Municipal Residential Buildings”. The author, interpreting the existing legal norms and case-laws, addresses the multifaceted court practice and the viewpoints expressed in various periodicals dealing with legal issues. The study aims at assessing whether compulsory lease of land can be admitted transaction or commercial transaction if one of the sides is a merchant and stating the time of the transaction and time of the claim. The author has concluded that compulsory lease of land cannot be considered as a legal transaction, according to the Civil Law, therefore it cannot be claimed as commercial transaction according to the Commercial Law.
Multichromic Metal-Organic Framework for Multimode Photonic Sensing
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chaudhari Abhijeet , Gutierrez Mario , Tan Jin-Chong
Published: February 2020

Luminescent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a multifunctional platform for engineering non-invasive sensors and tuneable optoelectronics. However, multichromic materials that are photophysically resilient and show high sensitivity towards different physical and chemical stimuli are scarce. We report a facile host-guest nanoconfinement strategy to construct a hybrid material with multichromic sensing capabilities. We design and fabricate a new Guest@MOF material: comprising a zeolitic MOF (ZIF-71), acting as a nanoporous host for encapsulating rhodamine B (RhB) guest molecules, resulting in the RhB@ZIF‑71 system with mechanochromic, thermochromic, and solvatochromic sensing response. The multichromic properties stem from the nanoconfinement effect that ZIF-71 imposes on RhB monomers, yielding the H-type or J-type aggregates with tuneable photophysical and photochemical properties. For mechanochromism, the external pressure causes an emission red shift in a linear fashion, switching the RhB guests from H-type to J-type aggregates via a shear mechanism. For thermochromism, we demonstrate a linear scaling as a function of temperature due to the spatial restriction experienced by J-type aggregates incarcerated in ZIF-71 pores. Harnessing the solvatochromism of RhB@ZIF‑71, we identified three diverse groups of volatile organic compounds. The multimodal response could pave the way to smart applications like photonic pressure sensors, non-invasive thermometers, and ultrasensitive chemosensors.
Correlation of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) Levels, In Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Adithya Biswas  , Chitra Srinivasan
Published: February 2020

The incidence of Diabetes Mellitus is increasing worldwide, with almost 1/3 of adults being affected. It is the major contributor to the morbidity of a man with its multi-organ system complications. Control of blood glucose levels is vital to decrease organ damage and complications. Routine diagnostic tests conducted are blood glucose, lipid profile, renal function tests, HbA1c, and insulin assays with a baseline CBC (Complete Blood Count). HbA1c values continue to be the gold standard for the assessment of glycemic control. The RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) is a parameter of Complete Blood Count. Several studies have shown elevated RDW values in patients with poor glycemic control and as an early marker for Diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular complications. 610 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attending the Diabetic Clinic in Saveetha Medical College were included in a cross-sectional study to compare  HbA1c values with RDW values with age and gender. The ratio of patients with poor HbA1c levels: acceptable HbA1c levels of glycemic control was1:4 in the age group 25 years and below. The ratio rose to 1:1 in the 36-45 years age group with a reversal of ratio to 4:1 in patients >65years of age. There was a significant correlation between the values of HbA1c with age - with the number of patients increasing with age and showing elevated HbA1c levels. There was no significant correlation between the values of RDW and age. There was a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and RDW- (p = 0.003, < 0.05 standard). For patients with HbA1c values between 6.2- 6-8 %, there was a particularly strong positive correlation with RDW values. In conclusion, there was a significant positive correlation between values of RDW and HbA1c, which emphasis that RDW is a good predictive factor for glycemic control.