bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Time-Varying Interaction of Structure and High Assembled Support System
Authors: Ding Ke Wei , Cui Jian Hua
Published: May 2011

With the accelerating process of urbanization, various kinds of unconventional concrete structure increases day by day. According to the Monitoring work achievement of the Memorial Hall for the Battle of crossing Yangtze River, the support system is a new kind of formwork support system that is made up of profiled bars and steel tubes. This support system with high bearing capacity and rigidity is suitable for all kinds of complex structures. The interaction mechanism between cantilever structure and support system and the force distribution rule of the members in structure and support system were studied in the paper. On based of above researches the time-varying model which is made up of the structure and high assembled formwork support system was put up to calculate the bearing capacity of the support system.
Compressive Behavior of Large-Scale Hybrid FRP-Concrete-Steel Double-Skin Tubular Columns
Authors: Xie Pan , Yu T , Wong Y.L. , Teng J.G.
Published: May 2011

Hybrid FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns (DSTCs) are a new form of hybrid structural members. A hybrid DTSC consists of an inner steel tube, an outer FRP tube and a concrete infill between them. Hybrid DSTCs possess many important advantages over conventional structural members, including their excellent corrosion resistance as well as excellent ductility and seismic resistance. A large amount of research has been conducted on hybrid DSTCs, but the existing experimental studies have been limited to the testing of small-scale columns. This paper presents preliminary results from the first series of large-scale axial compression tests on hybrid DSTCs, which forms part of a larger experimental study currently under way at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. These test results confirm the excellent axial compressive response of hybrid DSTCs as initially expected.
Flexural Behavior of Prestressed UHPC Beams
Authors: Yang Jian , Fang Zhi , Dai Gong Lian
Published: May 2011

Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC), which has very special properties that are remarkably different to the properties of normal and high performance concrete, is being increasingly used for the construction of structure. In this paper, an experimental program was formulated to investigate the characteristics of complete stress-strain curve of UHPC in uniaxial compression and flexural behaviors of prestressed UHPC beams. The particular focus was the influence of the partial prestress ratio and jacking stress on the flexural response of UHPC beams. The results show that UHPC is of good deformability, and a general form of the serpentine curve is proposed to represent the complete stress-strain relationship of UHPC in compression. The tests of beams demonstrated that the UHPC beams have an excellent behavior in load carrying capacity, crack distribution and deformability, their ultimate deflection can reach 1/34～1/70 of the span. Based on this investigation, theoretical correlations for the prediction structure response of UHPC beam are proposed.
The Experimental Research and Contrastive Analysis on the Attachments of Semi-Rigid Nodes in the Beam-Column T-Typed Member and End Plate of Steel Frame
Authors: Gao Zhen Xing , Xu Ling
Published: May 2011

Based on the connection tests of the semi-rigid nodes in the beam-column T-typed member and end plate of steel frame, this paper analyzes the failure phenomena, stiffness, bearing capacity and flexibility of two types of attachments. And according to the tests results, it compares the two types of attachments each other and proposes that T-typed member is a better type of attachment on its bearing capacity and flexibility. Therefore, it provides the experimental basis for the ideal design and application of attachments among the semi-rigid nodes in steel structures.
Nonlinear Analysis of CFT Composite Frame with Floor Slab
Authors: Huang Yuan , Yi Wei Jian , Nie Jian Guo
Published: May 2011

Nonlinear finite element (FE) analysis models of CFT composite frames with floor slab were established by Msc.Marc to investigate the seismic behavior of composite frames. A number of material nonlinearities and contact nonlinearities, as well as geometry nonlinearities, were taken into account, including elastoplastic properties of steel and concrete, concrete cracking and tension stiffening, steel fracture, interface slip between concrete slabs and steel beams, P-D effects etc. The elasto-plastic behavior, as well as fracture and post-fracture behavior, of the FE analysis models agreed well with those of the test specimens. The beam and panel zone deformation of the analysis models is also in good agreement with that of the test specimen. It is concluded that FE analysis is useful not only for monotonic load analysis but also for cyclic load analysis. It is a helpful tool to expand the information on seismic behavior of composite frame.
Correlation of Strength, Rubber Content, and Water-Cement Ratio in Roller Compacted Rubberized Concrete
Authors: Kang Jing Fu , Yan Chun Xia
Published: May 2011

This research investigated the influences of rubber content and water-cement ratio on the compressive strength of roller compacted rubberized concrete (RCR). The mix design of RCR was made by replacing same volume of sand with rubber chips based on the control concrete mix. Four rubber contents (50 kg/m3, 80 kg/m3, 100 kg/m3 and 120 kg/m3) and six water-cement ratios (0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50 and 0.55) were used. The specimen cubes were tested in compression at 28d with the load continuously and automatically measured until failure. Test results show that RCR exhibits low compressive strength but a ductile and plastic failure mode, the more the rubber used, the more the compressive strength reduced and the larger toughness obtained. Same as normal concrete, the compressive strength of RCR is also directly related to the water-cement ratio，the smaller the water-cement ratio, the higher the compressive strength. Based on the experimental results, a strength formula was developed to estimate the strength of RCR as a function of the cement strength, water-cement ratio and the rubber content.
Analysis of an Office Building Glass Roof
Authors: Huang Xiang Hai , Gao Hong , Zhu Xiao Jun , Liang Shu Ting , Jiang Shi Lin
Published: May 2011

The design of the glass skylight of the courtyard in an office building is introduced in the paper. One-way stability of the cross bar in the cable system is analyzed. The support system designed by the new style, reasonable force, to meet the requirements of normal use, the surrounding concrete support structures of smaller, saving construction costs, so that the top economic and practical lighting. By Midas-based stress analysis software, the cross-bar system, a number of capacity factor and to strengthen measures were discussed, which can be a useful reference for similar projects.
Experimental Study of Mechanical Behavior of Ceramsite Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Columns Subjected to Fire Load
Authors: Wang Xin Tang , Xie Zhi Guo , Zhou Ming , Yin Jie
Published: May 2011

Mechanical behavior of a set of ordinary concrete filled steel tubular short column (note as NCSSC) and ceramsite concrete filled steel tubular short column (note as CCSSC) subjected to fire load are experimentally investigated. Effect of the parameters, such as the maximum value of fire temperatures, fire duration on the strength and ductility of the two types of specimens were especially discussed. The test results show that both of the specimens of NCSSC and CCSSC have higher post-fire bearing capacity and better ductility, there was no descent segment in post-fire load-displacement curves of the most specimens subjected to fire load. It was concluded that the maximum response temperature of specimens and fire duration time has great effect on the axial bearing capacity of concrete-filled steel tubular short columns subjected to fire. The maximum longitudinal strain of specimens of CCSSC is less than the corresponding value of the longitudinal strain of NCSSC.
Finite Element Analysis for Lateral Resistance Performance of New Precast Concrete Shear Wall
Authors: Zhu Zhang Feng , Guo Zheng Xing
Published: May 2011

According to arrangements of local cast-in-situ regions, new precast concrete shear wall (NPC wall) has various types including integrally precast component, component with precast concealed columns and local region of wall by casting in situ, component with precast one end concealed column and the other end by casting in situ and component with all cast-in-situ concealed columns. By finite element analysis for four types of NPC wall and comparing with monolithic cast-in-situ finite element model, the lateral resistance performance of each type of NPC wall were discussed. Compared with cast-in-situ finite element model, NPC wall has rather different lateral resistant mechanism, the load-displacement curves are obviously different, and the horizontal and vertical connections decrease the strength and stiffness. The reasonable arrangement of local cast-in-situ regions can effectively improve the lateral resistance performance of NPC wall. The model composed of all cast-in-situ concealed columns, which has similar lateral resistant performance to cast-in-situ model and shows reasonable load mechanism, should be recommended. Meanwhile, the model consisting of precast concealed column and local cast-in-situ region of wall should be avoided for its poor performance.
Finite Element Analysis of Thermal Stress on FBG-GFRP
Authors: Sun Li , Hai Hong , Liang De Zhi , Zhao Jian , Zhang Na
Published: May 2011

This paper investigates the influence of thermal stress on FBG embedded in GFRP bar by the finite element analysis and the calibration test. The temperature sensitivity coefficient of smart FBG-GFRP analyzed by FEM is 17.42 pm/°C, which is about 1.65-fold of bare FBG’s namely 10.53 pm/°C. And the coefficient got by calibration test is 17.6 pm/°C. The result shows that the influence of thermal on FBG is very big, after encapsulated and before used in structure, the temperature sensitivity coefficient of FBG must be calibrated.
Research on the Mechanical Properties of the Castellated Lightweight Steel Portal Frame
Authors: Su Yi Sheng , Li Qi Liang , Yang Yi Bin , Chen Xiang Hua
Published: May 2011

Based on the ANSYS, castellated lightweight steel portal frames are modeled to analysis the stress destruction process and stress distribution rule under horizontal and vertical loads. The comparative analysis with the original solid-webbed portal frame in yield load, ultimate load, the mid-span deflection is pursued. The results show that: there are some differences in failure mode between the castellated lightweight steel portal frame after expansion and the original solid-webbed portal frame. The former bearing capacity and rigidity increase by a large scale than the latter.
Experimental Analysis on Mode Localization of Damaged Reticulated Shell Structures
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Yan Wei Ming , Ye Lie Ping
Published: May 2011

The damage of reticulated shell structure will arouse structural mode localization. The quantitative assessment index of mode localization is defined. A scale model experiment for mode localization is carried out on a Kiewit single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure, and the features of mode localization are studied. Four cases about structural stiffness’ change are constructed in the experiment, and three structural modals are obtained at random. The localization of the three modes is analyzed under each case. The results show that slight changes of physical parameters are likely to arouse obvious localization of some modes for reticulated shell structure.
Design and Bearing Capacity Study of Multi-Wing Branch Pile
Authors: Liu Ying Li , Li Chun Miao
Published: May 2011

This paper describes the characteristics and construction processes of Multi-winged branches pile, it also introduces the basic principles and considerations should be followed in the design process by analyzing the mechanical properties of Multi-winged branches pile, and summarizes the calculation formula of bearing capacity for the single pile. This formula is suitable for Multi-winged branches pile and it can provide the reference for scientific research and engineering practice.
Experimental Study on Improved Beam-to-Column Connections of Steel Moment Frame
Authors: Zhang Yan Xia , Wang Lu Yao , Yang Fan
Published: May 2011

Five different full-scale improved beam-to-column connections in steel moment frame were tested to study the failure process, failure mode, strength and plastic deformation capacity. The speciments consisted of one Welded-Bolted Widen Flange-Dog Bone Connection(SP1-1), one Welded Widen Flange-Dog Bone Connection(SP1-2),one T-Widen Flange Connection(SP2),one Beam Strengthen-Flange Splice Plate Reduced Connection(Reduced depth=0)(SP3-1),one Beam Strengthen-Flange Splice Plate Reduced Connection(Reduced depth=50mm)(SP3-2). The test showed that the five connections effectively moved the plastic hinges away from the face of the column so that end welding of beam would be effectively protected, the ultimate plastic rotation of connection exceeded 0.03rad, ductility factor is large than 4 and hysteresis loop is full .these connections provided good plastic deformation and energy dissipation.
Equivalent Slenderness Ratio Method for Design of T-Struts Subject to Compressive Force
Authors: Xiong Xiao Li , Jin Li Bing , Wang Hui
Published: May 2011

T-struts subject to centroid compression buckle flexural-torsionally about their axis of symmetry. When the force is applied at the shear center of the section, T-struts buckle either flexurally or torsionally without coupling of flexure with twisting. Although the buckling load about the symmetry-axis of shear center loading is greater than that of centroid loading, the design capacity of T-struts with defect such as fabrication error, load eccentricity and residual stress decrease by shifting the working line of a T-section compression chord to the shear center. This feature is not well known to designer of constructional steel. This article presents the equivalent slenderness ratio method, a new method for the design of T-struts subject to compressive force, introduces another three methods including the one presented by Shaofan Chen, the one in code and the one in ANSYS, contrasts the calculation results of those four methods and recommends the implementation of equivalent slenderness ratio method in the design of T-struts subject to compressive force.
Experimental Study on Effect of Cold-Forming Procedures to Cold-Formed Steel Members on Power Transmission Tower
Authors: Han Jun Ke , Zhang Chun Lei
Published: May 2011

The cold-formed steel member can arrange the most suitable shape of section according to the material needed. It can increase the load capacity and decrease the weight index when it is used for power transmission towers. The effect of cold-forming procedures to cold-formed steel members is different according to the thickness of steel plate or strip. The design method of cold-formed steel members considering the strength in Chinese code of cold-formed thin-wall steel is proposed when the thickness is less than or equals 6mm. In order to study the effect of cold-forming procedures on the strength of steel, the mechanical property tests are developed on flat plates, adjacent angles and angles, which are cut from cold-formed thick-wall lipped angles. According results of test, advices on improving the formula is proposed, which is used to design the member(t≤6mm) in China, and the design method of cold-formed thick-wall steel members considering their strength is proposed. These will provides technical supports that the cold-formed steel member can be used on power transmission tower broadly.
Seismic Response Evaluation of Buildings Considering Soil Flexibility
Authors: El-Azab Magdy S. , Mahmoud Sayed , Abd-Elhameed Ayman
Published: May 2011

This research attempts to investigate the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of buildings. Computational simulation of a one storey building having different natural periods is performed using time history analysis. Different earthquake motions with different peak ground accelerations (PGA) levels are used as excitations. The ground motion records have been selected in order to ensure low, moderate, and high PGA levels. Moreover, sandy soil with several values of shear wave velocities is used in order to investigate the sensitivity of the seismic response to the velocity variation. An efficient discrete-element model which represents the rotational and horizontal degrees of freedom of the soil mass is considered in the analysis. The coupled equations of motion for the building model with SSI are presented and solved in incremental form using the Newmark's step by step iteration method. In general, the results of the study in terms of response, peak response and peak response amplification show significant changes in considering and ignoring SSI effect. In particular, the numbers of significant cycles of large response amplitude for the building have been increased due to the inclusion of SSI. Moreover, considering the soil flexibility amplifies the peak response of buildings with low natural periods. Furthermore, it has been found that, shear wave velocity variation shows appreciable changes in the peak dynamic response amplification and seems to be insignificant at high natural periods for all levels of earthquake excitations considered.
Measuring Method of Rotation Used in Research on Steel Frame Semi-Rigid Beam-to-Column Connection
Authors: Bao Wei , Shao Yong Song , Xing Li Tao
Published: May 2011

In order to get the performance of steel frame semi-rigid joint under load, scholars made a lot of tests to research on this kind of joint. For purpose of carrying out research on steel frame semi-rigid joint better, this paper referring to many tests made by different scholars, expounds some measuring methods commonly used to do research on steel frame semi-rigid joint. Some common problems and the solutions in different measuring method are summarized, and suitable method should be chose by different experiment purpose.
Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Exterior FRP Shell
Authors: Zhang Chuan Min , Chen Chao He , Chen Ye Fan
Published: May 2011

The paper makes an analysis of the reinforced concrete beams with exterior FRP Shell in Finite Element, and compares it with the test results. The results show that, by means of this model, mechanical properties of reinforced concrete beams with exterior FRP shell can be predicted better. However, the larger the load, the larger deviation between calculated values and test values. Hence, if more accurate calculation is required, issues of contact interface between the reinforced concrete beams and the FRP shell should be taken into consideration.
Micro Pore Structure Research of Steel Fiber Reinforced Shotconcrete
Authors: Jiao Nai Qi , Niu Di Tao , Wang Yan
Published: May 2011

Steel fiber reinforced shotconcrete are widely used at home and abroad, compared to the ordinary modelconcrete, this process is not only convenient, fast, and often used in places with poor geological conditions. In this paper, we use mercury intrusion method to test pore structure of steel fiber reinforced shotconcrete, and analyze the change of pore structure under different construction techniques, and then from the microscopic point of view, analyze the effect on the mechanical properties and durability of steel fiber reinforced concrete under thus different construction technology.
Response of Long-Span Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Arch Bridge Subjected to Spatially Varying Ground Motion
Authors: Zou Zhong Quan , Zhou Li Ping , He Guo Jing
Published: May 2011

The responses of a long span concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge subjected to spatially correlated ground motion are analyzed. By using the stochastic vibration method, the time history of ground motion on the bridge site is simulated. The influences of spatial variation of the ground motion, such as uniform excitation, wave passage effect and partial correlation effect on seismic responses are studied based on the dynamic equilibrium equation for multi-support excitations. The calculated results show that the wave propagation influences the internal forces of the arch significantly. The effect of partial coherency is more complex compared to that of the wave propagation, yet it can be neither neglected. For long-span CFST arch bridges, it is critical to consider the effects of the spatial variation of ground motion.
Seismic Response Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridge Considering Pile-Soil Dynamic Interaction
Authors: Zhong Min
Published: May 2011

The large-span bridges always employ high-pile foundations, and its seismic response will take an important responsibility to affect the dynamic characteristics of whole bridge. In order to understand the effect of pile-soil dynamic interaction on dynamic characteristics and plastic development of the whole cable-stayed bridge system, the elasto-plastic seismic response of an actual cable-stayed bridge engineering considering material nonlinear was analyzed. And for reflecting the effect of pile-soil interaction, there were two modals applying to calculation. The results show that after considering pile-soil interaction, the structural actual dynamic characteristics can be more accurately reflected; pile-soil interaction performs a great influence on bending moment and shearing force of main girder and tower and the development of plastic zone get decrease. Meanwhile, Seismic wave chosen can greatly affect the response of structure. It will provide a basis for ensuring the ductility of structure and improving the seismic performance of structure.
Application of CAD and Finite Element Method in the Gravity Center Analysis of Body Rotating Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Wang Shi Jie , Zhu Xun
Published: May 2011

Body rotating bridges are mostly rotation system in balance, whose gravity center are basically located in the rotation axis of turntable. In order to ensure bridges’ swivel construction successfully accomplished, the structural center of gravity should be made clear before the rotation. In the past, the structural center of gravity was usually ascertained in the method of mathematics, but the tedious calculation couldn’t get results with enough accuracy. In this paper, structural gravity center of cable-stayed bridge is calculated in the method of CAD and finite element, whose process and result are proved handy and accurate calculation. Taking Sui Fenhe cable-stayed bridge as an example, its theoretical eccentricity is 1.3cm.
Design Method of the Cable Saddle for CFRP Main Cable in Long-Span Suspension Bridge
Authors: Zheng Hong Yu , Jiang Huai Yan , Lu Zhi Tao
Published: May 2011

A non-corrosion, high strength, light weight material – carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is introduced to replace steel as cable system in long-span suspension bridge for improving loading efficiency, reducing maintenance cost, enlarging the span of suspension bridge. Because of the transverse weakness of CFRP, traditional cable saddle is not suitable. The contact forces between main cable and cable saddle slot under final state are investigated with a simplified analytical method. According to the mechanical characteristics of CFRP and the formulas deduced, the design suggestion of cable saddle for CFRP main cable of long-span suspension bridge are proposed.
Strengthening Experiment of a Hollow Slab Bridge by External Transverse Prestressing
Authors: Wang Fu Ming , Kang Sheng Zhen , Li Xiao Long , Cai Ying Chun
Published: May 2011

For hollow slab bridge, its concrete hinge joint is prone to be damaged under overload vehicles, as weakens the transverse integrity of bridge, leads to single slab bearing and threatens the safety of service. Aiming at the problem, a strengthening experiment of an actual concrete hollow slab bridge, which has experienced a destructive test with its transverse connections seriously damaged, was performed by applying external transverse prestressing to it. The strengthening design and construction technology of external prestressing were introduced. By means of truck static load test, the variation of deflections and strains of the bridge before and after strengthening under different tension force was obtained, and the influence of tension value to strengthening effect was emphatically analyzed. The test results proved the effectiveness of the strengthening method and some improvement suggestions were also presented.
Large Eddy Simulation of Aerodynamic Forces on a Bridge Pylon
Authors: Ying Xu Yong , Xu Fu You , Zhang Zhe , Tan Yong Gang
Published: May 2011

In this study, aerodynamic forces on a bridge pylon are investigated by three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics using Large eddy simulation (LES) technology. The main objective is to identify the wind load parameters of the pylon and examine the accuracy of LES model applied to the bluff-body flows. The numerical results were compared with the available wind tunnel test results. Also, a comparison between using LES and Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the RNG model have been made. It is found that the LES model competes the RNG model in accuracy for predictions of aerodynamic forces on the pylon.
The Optimization Design of the Explosion-Proof Steel Frame Structure Considering the Material Plastic
Authors: Zang Ya Ting , Zhang Yong Sheng
Published: May 2011

Taking the structure construction cost as the optimized goal, the optimization design is carried on the steel frame structure considering the material plastic, under the explosion load. According to the prevailing steel structure design codes GB50017-2002, the model of steel frame structures is established. The results show that the theory and calculation method is reasonable, which will have a guide in the future.
Non-Stationary Random Vibration of the Bridge-Vehicle Coupled System
Authors: Yin Xin Feng , Cai C.S. , Liu Yang
Published: May 2011

The non-stationary random responses of the moving tires induced by the road roughness in time domain were obtained, and then those non-stationary responses were treated as the non-stationary inputs to study the non-stationary vibration of a high-pier bridge under vehicles with variable speed. The effect of the two inputs on the mid-span deflections was compared with the measured responses under different parameters including vehicle acceleration and vehicle deceleration. The verified results showed that the proposed method can simulate accurately the vibration of bridge under vehicle moving with variable speeds.
The Allocation of Internal Force of Concrete Beam Strengthened with Steel Plate
Authors: Song Wa Li , Liu Bo , Yue Hong Kui
Published: May 2011

The test beams were overloaded 20 times repeatedly with different amplitude, and they damaged to different extent to simulate actual cracking. Strengthening the pre-damaged beams with steel plates, working situation of structure strengthened is analyzed. For the test beams strengthened, steel plates and the original structure deform harmoniously, internal force is allocated to the steel plates and the original structure with a certain proportion. In the serviceability limit state, the method of allocation of internal force is studied, and the impact of the overload amplitude, reinforcement ratio on the allocation proportion is analyzed.
Dynamic Analysis of Non-Uniform Continuous Girder Bridge under Moving Vehicle
Authors: Chen Zhi Gang , Peng Zi Lin
Published: May 2011

For non-uniform continuous bridge in actual projects, the theoretical analysis and field testing of the dynamic response under moving vehicle are carried out. Firstly, Euler-Lagrange equation is applied to derive the vibration equation of three-axle vehicle. Then one obtains the dynamic analysis model by using the finite element method and the vehicle-bridge interaction equation based on the displacement coordination relationship of the contact between wheels and bridge. Lastly, numerical solutions are presented according to the dynamic response of the bridge, compared with the real values. The results show that: the roadway roughness and vehicle speed strongly influence the impact factor.
Lateral Vibration Research for Railway Deck Steel Plate Bridges
Authors: Li Wen Ping , Chen Shu Li , Su Mu Biao
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the vehicle-bridge lateral vibration mechanism was analyzed; the vehicle-bridge vibration model was built and the lateral reinforcement schemes of open steel plate bridges were designed. Numbers of analysis were carried out for the lateral vibration of 40m deck steel plate bridges before and after reinforcement, under input of random artificial hunting waves and track irregularity. The results showed that, the frequency of hunting motion is approaching loaded frequency of the girder. The larger lateral amplitude appears on the bridge when the hunting wavelength is around 8~9m and the velocity of the train is around 55~70km/h. The wavelength is longer, the resonant velocity of the bridge is higher.
Study on Temperature Stresses in Concrete Box Girders Due to Heat of Concrete Hydration
Authors: Jia Yan Min , Mei Zhu , He Dong Po
Published: May 2011

The temperature distribution and strains due to heat of hydration of cement in a concrete box girder were measured on site during construction of the Harbin Songpu Bridge. The lateral and vertical temperature distributions and stresses in webs and slabs were analyzed. The study of the measured results shows that there are large temperature differences in the box-girder sections, and both the lateral and vertical temperature distributions and stresses are nonlinear. In some parts of the sections, the tensile stresses are even greater than the characteristic value of concrete tensile strength.
Fatigue Test Research on Welded Rib-to-Deck Connections in Steel Orthotropic Bridge Deck
Authors: Zhang Yan Ling , Tian Yang , Li Yun Sheng
Published: May 2011

In order to research the fatigue behaviors of the welded rib-to-deck connections in steel orthotropic bridge deck, 14 rib-to-deck connection specimens are designed considering the weld types, butt gap, welding method, and loading position as parameters. Fatigue test are carried out to obtain the fatigue loading cycle times of each specimen under different stress range. Based on the statistical regression analysis, the S-N curves and fatigue classification of the rib-to-deck connections welded with fillet weld and partial penetration weld are obtained respectively. The test results show that, the initial fatigue crack of the fillet weld is prone to appear at the weld root of the rib, while the initial fatigue crack of the penetration weld is prone to appear at the weld root of the deck.
Design Innovation of Large-Span Pre-Stressed Concrete Box Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Web
Authors: Li Guang Hui , Zhang Jian Xun
Published: May 2011

More and more pre-stressed concrete box-girder bridges with corrugated steel web are being realized in the world due to their advantages over the traditional concrete box girder bridges. Characteristics of corrugated steel web technology were introduced briefly in this paper, and its application in Juancheng Yellow River Bridge was also presented. Calculations on the shear buckling strength of corrugated steel web for Juancheng Yellow River Bridge were performed by the use of design code of Japan. Based on the analysis results, a reasonable way to determine the sizes of corrugated steel web is proposed, and it will provide help for designers when performing a design of pre-stressed box girder with corrugated steel web in China.
Factors Influencing Maximum and Residual Deformations of SDOF Systems Subjected to Large Ground Motions
Authors: Pan Peng , Zhang Yu , Song Shi Yan , Ye Lie Ping
Published: May 2011

The maximum and residual deformations of structures subjected to strong ground motions are the most importance indexes, particularly under the performance-based design framework, thus understanding the influencing factors is of great importance to seismic design. In this study, single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems with varying structural properties are analyzed using a series of strong ground motions from FEM/SAC project. The influences of three structural parameters, i.e., yield force, second stiffness after yielding, and stiffness degradation, on the maximum and residual deformations are investigated based on the statistics of the analysis results. The analysis results suggest the follows: (1) larger yield forces lead to smaller residual and maximum deformations for short period structures, and they lead to smaller residual deformations but no necessarily smaller maximum deformation for intermediate and long period structures; (2) larger second stiffness lead to smaller residual and maximum deformations for short period structures, and they lead to smaller residual deformations but no necessarily smaller maximum deformation for intermediate and long period structures; (3) smaller stiffness degradation index leads to smaller maximum deformations but larger residual deformations.
Experimental Research on Polymer-Modified Ceramic Tile Bonding Mortar
Authors: Tang Chun Ping , Zhang Liang Liang
Published: May 2011

In order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional binding mortar with its workability is poor, bond strength is low, and the bond effects far from satisfactory. In this paper,binding mortar, has been developed by adding polymer into mortar to improving the binding strength and workability. The effects of the polymer type and content on strength of mortar has been studied,The results show that polymer-modified bonding mortar worked better than the traditional mortar: the workability was improved, bonding strength was enhanced.
The Relevance Research on Tension Test Technology of Cable and Suspender
Authors: He Wei , He Rong , Zheng Heng Xiang
Published: May 2011

The problem and relevance research of tension test technology of cable and suspender was introduced from the influence of environmental factors, cable stiffness identification, equivalent length, sag, slope, testing techniques improvement, numerical analysis with curve fitting, and boundary conditions of elastic support. And according to the actual needs of tension measurement in engineering the researches on cable tension measurement maybe highlight were prospected.
Study on Planning Strategy of Harbin Aviation and Automobile Industry City
Authors: Yue Xin , Wan Ting
Published: May 2011

Under the great background of economic globalization, high-speed development of airplane and automobile industry as well as Harbin Aviation and Automobile Industry City as one of national aviation industry bases, this paper conducts a systemic study on Harbin Aviation and Automobile Industry City. Upon the basis of study on the development background as well as current situation of the industry city, regional overall planning, land utilization, urban function, ecological landscape and culture as well as other planning and development strategies of the industry are mainly discussed in this paper, and, hereby planning prospects are put forward so as to provide certain reference for the planning and construction of industry cities.
Simulation and Analysis for Externally Prestressed Concrete Bridge Based on ANSYS
Authors: Chen Ke , Song Jian Yong , Zhang Shuo
Published: May 2011

The externally prestressed bridge finite element analysis module redeveloped based on ANSYS software is introduced，realizing finite element analysis method for externally prestressed concrete bridge. It is able to build the externally prestressed bridge finite element model, combined with Solid65 and Solid45 simulated concrete, and Link8 or Link10 simulated prestressed tendon. It is also able to bring material and geometric nonlinear effects into the analysis, for analyzing ultimate bearing capacity and local stress characterization of the externally prestressed structure. A bridge model is generated as an example for verifying the application of the module. Based on it, the model then is equipped with different allocation arrangements of internal and external tendons to analyze the mechanical characteristics of externally prestressed concrete bridge. Research is conducted for the effect on ultimate bearing capacity by allocation arrangement of tendons, and providing design suggestion and theoretic basis.
The Study of a Classroom with Solar Chimney Hybrid Ventilation
Authors: Xu Shu Hui , Dong Hai Guang
Published: May 2011

In order to improve effect of hybrid ventilation, the paper discussed a solar chimney to enhance natural ventilation. Some factors influencing solar chimney hybrid ventilation in classroom, such as heat sources, air inlet arrangements, air velocity and solar radiation were studied by simulation and validated by experiments. The characteristics of temperature distribution and temperature efficiency in classroom were obtained and analyzed. A low position of air inlet in the room makes high temperature efficiency, the optimal value of the air inlet velocity is about 0.5 m/s. The research provides a better way to enhance hybrid ventilation by solar chimney.
Mechanics Characteristics Study for Cable-Stayed-Suspension Bridges
Authors: Qiu Jing , Shen Rui Li , Li Huai Guang
Published: May 2011

As a composite structure, the cable-stayed-suspension bridge is characterized by relatively new structure, great overall stiffness and long-span capacity, which has been proposed for the design of some extra long-span bridges. In order to research further into the mechanics characteristics of this type of structural system, the proposed preliminary design of a cable-stayed-suspension bridge with a main span of 1800m is analyzed by means of finite element simulation method. The advantages on overall stiffness in the cable-stayed-suspension bridge are summarized in comparison with the three-span suspension bridge and the single-span suspension bridge. Then, the reasons for the fatigue of the longest suspension cables in the cable-stayed-suspension bridge are also discussed in this paper.
Study on Dynamic Load Identification with Precision Integration Method
Authors: Jia Ling Ling , Jin Li Bing , Han Yang
Published: May 2011

Based on the principle of precise integration method, for DOF and MDOF system, it is supposed that external loads are in linear regular within small discrete time. In further, a identification method of dynamic loads are proposed. And two real ice loads are used to study the new method. The results of numerical examples indicate that the precise integration method, with better steady and capability of resisting noise, are applicable for both steady or random loads. Otherwise, it can save more time for calculation and can be applied in real engineering.
Experimental Study on Full-Scale Segment Model of Huaian Cable-Stayed Bridge Pylon
Authors: Tang Hong Yuan , Meng Shao Ping
Published: May 2011

Through experiment study on full scale segmental model of Huaian bridge pylon, the stress distribution in the segmental model under the U shaped tendons and the horizontal load was measured. At the same time, the critical cracking load and the coefficient cracking safety class of the anchorage zone were obtained. At last, the theoretical analysis was compared with the experimental results, the theory agreed with the experiment well.
Finite Element Analysis about Dynamic Characteristics of the High-Pier and Long-Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Jian Xin , Wang Chong
Published: May 2011

A structure model of three-span continuous rigid frame bridge was constructed based on the finite element method. At first, the modal analysis was performed to get the natural frequencies and periods. The dynamic characteristics of the bridge structure were summarized, and some improvement measures are suggested to overcome the shortcoming for the bridge structure. Then, seismic response analysis was carried out based on the EL-Centro wave. The input excitations adopted the combination of vertical wave plus longitudinal wave, or vertical wave plus lateral wave. Based on the two excitation cases, some useful results were obtained, which include internal forces, displacements, accelerations time-history curves of the critical sections for the bridge structure. And some commentates about the time-history curves are given. At last, some helpful conclusions are drawn based on the calculation and analysis above. The calculation methods and results in this paper can provide some referenced information for the engineering design.
Theoretical Analysis of Temperature and Shrinkage Stresses of Box-Girder Section
Authors: Li Wei Zhao , Wang Zong Lin , Ali Fadhil Naser
Published: May 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the temperature and shrinkage stresses of the mid-span cross-section of a 20 meters box girder to find the reasons which cause the longitudinal cracks in the web and bottom of box girder. According to the results of damage inspeation, there are many longitudinal cracks in the web and bottom slab of box girders, especially the web of the edger beam, the crack is very clear. Ansys ver.10 software is used to analyze two dimensional finite element model of a typical cross section of a real bridge to calculate the temperature stresses caused by temperature difference between inside and out side of the box and the shrinkage stresses based on moisture diffusion. The results of analysis show that the outer surface of the web and bottom slab of the fabricated box girder will produce tensile stress at the effect of negative temperature difference. If the concrete reaches a certain age, the tensile stress does not cause creaks in the cross-section. The shrinkage stress changes with the moisture gradient in the box section. It will reach the maximum in 15 days and then decreases with the growth of the age. Shrinkage stress may cause cracking of the concrete surface because of the tensile strength is low in the early age.
Research on Seismic Performance for Steel Box Arch Bridge Scheme of Xiazhang Sea-Crossing Bridge
Authors: Yan Bin , Feng Yun Cheng
Published: May 2011

Xia-Zhang Sea-crossing Bridge was located in earthquake zone, the design of which was governed by earthquake. Based on seismic-isolation principles, seismic-isolation bearing system and damper system were studied to find out the effect of each seismic-isolation system on seismic performance of steel box arch bridge scheme. Seismic response could be effectively reduced by damper system, without changing the original constraint system of structure, which was recommended for longitudinal seismic system. Two liquid viscous dampers were suggested installing between pier and girder after parameter analysis, with damping coefficient of 4000kN/ (m/s) 1.0 and damping index of 1.0.
Energy Dissipation of Super-Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge Using Metal Alloy Brace
Authors: Liu Chang Peng , Zhang Xi Gang , Zhou Da Xing , Yan Wei Ming , Chen Yan Jiang
Published: May 2011

For a super-long-span cable-stayed bridge, it is often required that the main tower be essentially elastic under a strong earthquake. Therefore, a seismic isolation structural system is often used to reduce the seismic response. Since the seismic displacement at the end of the deck may severely exceed the allowance, the elastic link device and viscous damper are often employed to control the displacement. In this article, a new damper (Metal Alloy Brace) is used to achieve this goal. Under the frequently occurred earthquake excitation, MAB’s hysteretic curve is plump, so the structural deformation is reduced. Under rare earthquake excitation, MAB can supply so big stiffness that the structural deformation is limited, and the damper will also dissipate much energy. And the damper has no problem with leakage and metamorphism. So, the prospect of MAB is brightening.
Damage Detection of Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge Based on Neural Network Model and Genetic-Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Qing Chen , Sun Quan Sheng
Published: May 2011

According to the characteristics of self-anchored suspension bridge, a new method to detect damage is introduced in this paper.It works in two stages.First, a BP neural network model is built to predict damaged position. Next, based on the characteristics of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, a new approach, genetic-simulated annealing algorithm, is put forward to identify damage extent of detected positions. Compared with the traditional genetic algorithm, the global convergence effect of this algorithm is enhanced by using of the Metropolis acceptance rule of the simulated annealing algorithm in the searching process.
Research of the Forecast and Early Warning System for Bridges
Authors: Wu Hao , Peng Da Wen
Published: May 2011

Firstly, the paper elaborates the general idea of the design of bridge forecasting and early-warning system. Based on the Compact RIO data acquisition terminal, the data acquisition system is established with data transforming through Industrial Ethernet and Internet. Finally, a remote safety evaluation center is developed with B/S frame, to process and analyze the collected data with the purpose of evaluating and forecasting the safety condition of the bridge. The application proposed by the paper can bring certain foresights in solving the bridge safety problems.
Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Bridge Engineering
Authors: Wei Xing , Li Jun
Published: May 2011

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been widely applied to many bridge engineering problems and have demonstrated some degree of success. A review of the literature reveals that ANNs have been used successfully in member capacity prediction, reliability analysis, optimal design of structural systems, fatigue life prediction, construction control, material constitutive model , slope stability, bridge health monitoring. The objective of this paper is to provide a general view of some ANNs applications for solving some types of bridge engineering problems. A brief introduction to ANNs is given. Problems such as what is a neural network, how it works and what kind of advantages it has are discussed. After this, several applications in bridge engineering are presented.
Research on Indoor Thermal Environment of Tibetan Rammed Dwellings
Authors: Li Li Ping
Published: May 2011

In this paper, the test of the indoor thermal environment for Tibetan traditional dwellings of Shangri-la in winter, that have tested indoor temperature and the temperature of house surface, and contrast to analysis tested parameters. The results of the test show climate characteristics in Shangri-la and variations of temperature effecting indoor thermal comfortable.
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Hybrid Structure
Authors: Zheng Shan Suo , Li Zhi Qiang , Hu Yi , Tao Qing Lin , Wang Wei
Published: May 2011

The primary goal of failure modes-based optimization design which is to study the performance of structure without shocking absorption device is to transform the non-ideal failure modes of structure into the ideal failure modes, and then a small probability of the structure damage can be obtained. Although the study of this field is significant, no paper has so far attempted to study. Taking the cost of the structure into consideration, this paper aims at the failure modes-based optimization design. Therefore, an optimal approach based on failure modes with the ability to limit the cost is proposed. The procedure to obtain the failure modes-based optimization includes two phases, the concrete optimization and the shaped steel optimization. At last a reinforced concrete frame-shear wall structure is cited to verify the method developed. It is concluded that the method can supply an effective way to reduce both the damage and the cost of steel reinforced concrete framework-core tube structure.