bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of different hand and rotary endodontic glide path files for buckling resistance
Authors: Gupta Ruchika , Mohite Pramod , Patil Suvarna , Bansal Nandita
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

The purpose of the present study was to compare the buckling resistance between the hand files and rotary files and compare the buckling resistance between pathfinding files made out of different alloys.

Materials and Method:

The test instruments were divided into two major groups based on the mode of use, hand instruments and rotary instruments. These groups were further divided into six subgroups. Six subgroups of endodontic files containing three samples were tested for buckling resistance by applying load in axial direction using a universal testing machine. The maximum load required to generate a lateral elastic displacement of 1 mm was recorded for each instrument. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Newman–Keuls multiple post hoc tests using software SPSS version 19. P value was considered < 0.05.

Results:

The results indicated that the buckling resistance decreased in the following order: Hand C Plus file > Rotary One G file > Hand C pilot files > Rotary ProGlider file > Hand PathFinder Carbon Steel > Rotary HyFlex Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) file.

Conclusion:

The stainless steel instruments (C + and C-Pilot) were more resistant to buckling than carbon steel (Pathfinder CS) and nickel-titanium instruments (ProGlider and HyFlex EDM). Buckling resistance may influence instrument's performance during the negotiation of constricted canals, and the C Plus in hand file group showed significantly better results than the other instruments tested. Metallurgy and modulus of elasticity of the instruments play a significant role in buckling resistance as One G file in rotary file group showed highest buckling resistance (conventional austenite nickel-titanium) than ProGlider (M-wire NiTi) and HyFlex (EDM + Controlled Memory).
Glacier caves: a globally threatened subterranean biome
Authors: Howarth Francis
Published: June 2021

Caves and cave-like voids are common features within and beneath glaciers. The physical environment is harsh and extreme, and often considered barren and devoid of life. However, accumulating evidence indicates that these caves may support a diverse invertebrate fauna with species endemic to each region. As glaciers continue to disappear at an alarming rate due to global warming, they take their largely unknown fauna with them. Thus, glacier caves may harbor one of the most endangered ecosystems globally, and yet their biodiversity is among the least studied or known. Faunal surveys and ecological studies are urgently needed before all examples are lost.
Caecidotea burkensis, new species, a unique subterranean isopod from Burke’s Garden, with a synthesis of the biogeography and evolution of southwestern Virginia asellids
Authors: Lewis Salisa , Lewis Jerry , Orndorff William
Published: June 2021

Caecidotea burkensis, a new species of subterranean asellid isopod, is described and illustrated from material collected from Lawson Cave, in Burke’s Garden, Tazewell County, Virginia. The type-locality in Burke’s Garden is located within the highest mountain basin in the southern Appalachians. Burke’s Garden is a unique, geologically isolated area encompassing one of the headwater streams of the New River basin. Phylogenetically, the isopod is a member of the forbesi Group, a clade comprised primarily of epigean species. The complex mountain valleys and coves of southwestern Virginia are an area of intense speciation among asellids that have produced a bizarre array of cavernicolous species belonging to groups of otherwise epigean isopods. In addition to a few subterranean species of the Caecidotea cannula and stygia Groups, the Lirceus hargeri Group possesses over a dozen species endemic to caves and springs in the region, mostly only now in the process of being discovered and described. With so much species richness, syntopy of two, or even three, asellid species is commonplace in caves and springs in southwestern Virginia.
The microbial burden load of eggshells from different poultry rearing systems in Ekosodin Village, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oviasogie Efosa F. , Ogboghodo Blessing I. , Beshiru A , Omoregie Osahon B. , Ogofure Providence , Ogofure Goodness A.
Published: June 2021

Eggs are valuable source of food used throughout the world to feed the ever growing world population. Majority of freshly laid eggs are sterile, however, the shells soon become contaminated with litter droppings and dust present in the environment. In this study, the microbial load of egg shell from different poultry system in Ekosodin, Edo State was evaluated. The results obtained from the study revealed that eggshell samples from different poultry rearing systems (battery cage, deep litter and free-range chicken eggs) were contaminated with bacterial and fungal species of public health concern. Microbial species isolated from eggshells were Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus cereus, Enteroccocus faecalis and Proteus mirabillis for the bacterial isolates while the fungi isolates include Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. The bacterial and fungal load of free-range chicken eggshell ranged from 9. 7 ± 0.7 x 104 to 1. 27 ± 0.2 x 105 and 7. 0 ± 0.5 x 103 to 2. 2 ± 0.5 x 104 cfu/g respectively. Bacterial and fungal counts were 3. 3 ± 0.8 x 104  to 7. 4 ± 0.5 x 104 and 1. 1 ± 0.1 x 104 to 1. 6 ± 0.4 x 104 cfu/g for battery cage eggshells and 6. 8 ± 0.9 x 104 to 1. 38 ± 0.5 x 105 and 2.0 ± 0.3 x 104 to 3. 7 ± 0.5 x 104 cfu/g for deep litter eggshells respectively. Statistically, the mean fungi count of deep litter egg shells samples differed significantly (P<0.05) from the mean fungal count of battery cage and free-range chicken eggshells. Also, the mean bacterial count of battery cage egg shells differed significantly from deep litter and free-range chicken eggshells (P<0.05). The presence of these microorganisms on eggshell might constitute a serious risk to consumers. Proper education to enlighten retailers and consumers by the government on microbial quality of table eggs is important. Proper sanitation and battery cage system of rearing eggs should be encouraged.Keywords: Deep litter system, battery cage system, eggshell microbial load, microbial quality of table eggs
Evaluation of electrical and thermal conductivity of polymeric wastes after being doped with charcoal and graphite
Authors: Uleanya Kelechi Ogochukwu
Published: June 2021

This work being gingered by the big menace being posed on our environment by polymeric waste and it’s rechanneling involved the studying of the electrical and thermal conductivities of the polymers PP, PE, PS and nylon66 doped with charcoal and graphite. Five grams of each polymer was mixed with varying concentrations of the dopants (charcoal and graphite).0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25% and 1.5% concentrations of the dopants were used to mix five grams of each of the polymers. The mixture on melting with heat application was compressed in a wooden mold to form tablets of the doped polymers. On testing for the electrical and thermal conductivities of the doped polymers it was observed that both conductivities were greatly enhanced as the concentrations of the dopants increased. Hence it is evident that those polymeric materials on further modifications can be used for other purposes especially in the industries for example producing capacitors other than being littered and disposed in the environment.Keywords: Polymers, Environment, Pollutant, Dopant, and conductivities
Effects of temperature and growing seasons on crop water requirement: implications on water savings
Authors: Abbas Abdullah , Shakhawat Chowdhury
Published: June 2021

Water savings can be improved through reducing agricultural water consumption. The crop water requirement (CWR) depends on several factors including temperature and growing seasons. This study investigated the effects of temperature and growing seasons on CWR in Saudi Arabia. Increase in temperature by 1°C increased the CWR by 1.9 - 2.9%, 1.9 – 3.0% and 2.2 – 3.8% for dates, alfalfa and wheat respectively. Total CWR was estimated to be 8713 million cubic meters in 2011, which showed an increase of 1.8 – 2.9% for 1°C increase in temperature. CWR for wheat was more sensitive to growing seasons than dates and alfalfa. Empirical relationship was developed to predict the effects of growing seasons on CWR for wheat while changes in CWR for dates and alfalfa were not significant. Through shifting growing seasons and minimizing the effects of temperature for the major crops, significant amount of groundwater may be saved, which can reduce the production of costly desalinated water. Keywords: Water resources; conservation; crop water requirement; temperature; growing seasons; policy
Immobilization of toxic metal cations on goethite-amended soils: a remediation strategy
Authors: Mokwenye Ifesinachi I. , Diagboya Paul N. , Oluowolabi Bamidele I. , Anigbogu Ikenna O. , Owamah Hilary I.
Published: June 2021

The study investigates a simple and viable option to reduce toxic metals mobility and availability in four surface (0–30cm) soils with varying physicochemical properties amended by different percentages of goethite. Batch sorption experiments carried out to study the effectiveness of immobilizing Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions on these soils showed that goethite played vital role in the metals adsorption (≥10% increase in adsorption). Removal of soil iron oxides caused reduced Pb2+ adsorption on soils with high organic matter (≤ 10% decrease in adsorption) with no significant increase in adsorption upon amendment, while soils having low organic matter had enhanced adsorption with amendment. Cu2+ and Cd2+ adsorptions were not enhanced even at 10% goethite amendment. However, Zn2+ adsorption was interestingly different: the soils showed ≥55 % increases upon removal of inherent soil iron oxides without goethite amendment. Goethite amendments further enhanced Zn2+ adsorption on these soils. Generally, both whole and amended soils showed higher preference for Pb2+; the sorption trend is – Pb2+ >Cu2+ >Zn2+ >Cd2+. Goethite amendment of these soils improved Pb2+ and Zn2+ adsorption. Hence, goethite amendment may be an effective method for immobilizing Pb2+ and Zn2+ on these soils and thus reducing their availability to biota. The quantity of goethite required by a soil to attain maximum immobilization varies depending on the metal and the soil’s physicochemical properties; however, Cu2+ and Cd2+ may not be effectively immobilized using goethite amendment.Keywords: Soil; Goethite; Toxic metals; Adsorption, Remediation
Effects of elevated soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soil chemical properties in Sutton Bonington Campus of the University of Nottingham, UK
Authors: Biose Ekene , Amaechi Chika Floyd , Nnaji Godwin Uche , Biose Osadebe , Erhunmwunse Nosakhare Osazee
Published: June 2021

This study examines the effects of elevated soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on spring wheat and soil chemical properties in the Sutton Bonington Campus, of the University of Nottingham, United Kingdom using Artificial Soil Gassing and Response Detection (ASGARD) facility which controls CO2 injection into the soil. Eight plots (each 2.5 x 2.5m) were laid out within the experimental area and used for the study and were treated with high CO2 concentrations (area within 75cm from the point of injection), low CO2 concentration (area farther than 75 cm from the point of CO2 injection) and no CO2 concentration (control) at CO2 injection rate of 1.0l/min from a source point 60cm below the soil for eight (8) weeks. The variability of CO2 concentrations were determined by 3D and barholing method. The wheat plant showed visible symptoms of wilting, chlorosis and poor development within 15- 21 days of gassing. Gassing at the rate of 1.0l/min resulted in reduced plant height and a 60% decrease in chlorophyll content of wheat plant exposed to high CO2 concentrations when compared with control plots. The soil pH for the control plots at the depth of 15-30 cm was 6.31 and 6.7 after injection, showing a difference of 0.39. At the depth of 45-60 cm, the pH before injection was 5.89 while post injection was 6.39, showing a difference of 0.5. The study showed that organic carbon at 45-60cm depth of soil ranged from 2.54% to 2.58% with a mean value of 3.26%, while carbonate content ranged from 0.73 to 0.77%. Furthermore, at 45-60cm depth of soil after injection, the mean value of K across all experimental plots was 64.16 mg/lK, available P content ranged from 15.4 to 16.9 mg/lP, N content ranged from 11.2 to 16.9 mg/lN, Ca ranged from 1000 to 1300 mg/lCa, Mg ranged from 158 to168 mg/lMg while at 15-30cm depth of soil, Na range from low to moderate (10.16–10.2 mg/l Na). There was no significant difference (P<0.05) or changes in mineralogical content of the soil properties studied.Keywords: controlled injection; CO2; soil chemical properties, soil depth
The Influence of Sustainable Initiatives on Hotel Guest Experience
Authors: Sharrock Megan , Struwig Miemie , Hensens Wouter
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the relationship between sustainable initiatives in hotels and their guest experiences by using big data from online guest reviews. Hotel review data of 1 018 938 hotel guest reviews from 23 international destinations were used. Word recognition software was utilised to filter reviews containing comments about sustainable initiatives resulting in a usable database of 903 reviews. Sentiment analysis was then performed to enable the transformation of the variables into 5-point Likert type scales. Using chi-squared tests and Cramer’s V for statistical and practical significance respectively, sustainable initiatives were found to have a statistical significant relationship with each of the eight hotel experience dimensions as well as overall hotel experience. The eight hotel experience dimensions are value, service, location, rooms, food, ambience, facilities and cleanliness. The hypothesis was accepted as there was a statistically significant relationship between sustainable initiatives and the hotel experience dimensions. The results from the comments, provide hotel management and academics with new insight into the relationship between sustainable initiatives in hotels and the hotel guest experience. Sustainable initiatives should be considered as another important dimension of the hotel experience, and big data analysis is effective to analyse guest reviews.
The spiritual world, Christ, ancestors, angels, and demons in Hlungwani's art and theology
Authors: Steyn Raita
Published: June 2021

Jackson Hlungwani’s vision of a New Jerusalem is shaped by his unique African Christian theology teachings. They are expressed through his wooden sculptures in an “independent African Church which would echo the wish to Africanize Christianity and represent a new cultural and spiritual phenomenon through his art” (Rankin, 1998: 46; Steyn, 2019: 184). It is through this vision and his artworks that Hlungwani prophesied the coming of an Apocalypse, which would result in man's salvation, and signify an ultimate victory over evil. This article concerns the New Jerusalem (the ‘imagined’ and the ‘built’) and reveals Hlungwani’s Christian and traditional ideas around the spiritual world, Christ, the ancestors, angels, and demons. Hlungwani’s vision of a New Jerusalem should therefore be understood in the context of a unique African Christian theology created from the perspective of an African cultural context.
The two altars for the New Jerusalem site and a number of wooden artworks are selected for their connection with both the artist’s vision and the supernatural world, angels, ancestors, and earthly warriors. The selected sculptures are the Crucifix IV, the sculpture God and Christ, and the panel Cain and Abel. They are discussed and analyzed as I believe that they reflect profound visual metaphors derived from spiritual visions, the visions of the Prophet Ezekiel, and of the Apocalypse of Saint John from the final book of the Christian Bible, the Book of Revelation.
Cultivation Possibilities of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey
Authors: YENKALAYCI Ahmet , Mahmut GUNES  , Kemal GUL
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out to determine yield and quality characteristics of Lemon balm (M. officinalis L.) in in 7 districts (7 locations) under Kayseri ecological conditions for 3 years in 2015-2017.  In this research, herbage yield, essential oil content, essential oil yield and components were determined. Dry herbage yields varied between 5250-6100 kg ha-1, essential oil contents varied between 0.07-0.24%, and essential oil yields as 4.2 lt ha-1. The main essential oil components were gereniol (1.90-20.77%), nerylacetate (1.13-34.63%), linalool (4.04-25.34%), neral (5.10-12.96%), caryophylleneoxide (0.78-15.17%), geranial (1.20-14.19%), β–caryophyllene (8.50-12.93%). In terms of herbage yield and essential oil quality, Yahyalı and Kocasinan districts, had favorable environmental conditions for lemon balm cultivation.
A Study on the Determination of Some Physical and Physiological Properties of Seeds of Two Different Jute Varieties (Corchorus capsularis L. and Corchorus olitorius L.)
Authors: Zeynep DUMANOĞLU
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the production of natural and recyclable, environmentally friendly products has come to the fore rather than textile and textile products produced from petroleum resources. One of the materials used in the production of these products is the Jute plant. This study was carried out in a laboratory environment under controlled conditions between 2019 and 2020. In the study, some physical (shape-size, surface area, average arithmetic-geometric diameter, sphericity, thousand grain weight) and physiological properties (germination percentage and time, average shoot-root lengths) of seeds belonging to two different varieties of Jute plant (Corchorus capsularis L. and Corchorus olitorius L.) were determined. According to the data obtained; It has been determined that C. capsularis variety has a short and oval structure, while C. olitorius variety has a medium and oval structure. Furthermore, the germination rate was determined as 74.5% in C. capsularis seeds and 63.5% in C. olitorius seeds.
Determination of The Prevalence and Population Development of Tomato Leafminer [Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)] in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Planting Areas of Sanliurfa Province
Authors: AKSU ALTUN Ayçin
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out to determine the extensity, development of population and the state of damage of tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)) in total eight tomato fields located in the villages of Goktepe of Central Sanliurfa, Meteler of Birecik, Kepirce of Bozova, Yalcinkaya of Ceylanpinar, Ovacik of Hilvan, Kucuk Yucelen of Siverek, Aligor of Suruc and Ciftciler of Viransehir in 2011. To determine the extensity of tomato leaf miner each of the 5 districts in the village tomato field was checked by observation whether adult or larvae found in fields T. absoluta. The result showed that tomato leaf miner was common in all the districts. The highest density of tomato leaf miner adult population quantities were 630, 800, 400, 965, 211, 600, 215 and 96 pcs/week in Goktepe of Central Sanliurfa, Meteler of Birecik, Kepirce of Bozova, Yalcinkaya of Ceylanpinar, Ovacik of Hilvan, Kucuk Yucelen of Siverek, Aligor of Suruc and Ciftciler of Viransehir, respectively. Tomato leaf miner harmed the fruits, particularly total in 1st and 2nd harvest of tomato (the end of August- the beginning of September) , if precautions were not taken. Moreover, it was recorded that if the adult population was quite dense in the fields study conducted, there aren’t any undamaged leaves and fruits from T. absoluta.
Integrated Sequence Tagging for Medieval Latin Using Deep Representation Learning
Authors: Kestemont Mike , De Gussem Jeroen
Published: June 2021

In this paper we consider two sequence tagging tasks for medieval Latin:
part-of-speech tagging and lemmatization. These are both basic, yet
foundational preprocessing steps in applications such as text re-use detection.
Nevertheless, they are generally complicated by the considerable orthographic
variation which is typical of medieval Latin. In Digital Classics, these tasks
are traditionally solved in a (i) cascaded and (ii) lexicon-dependent fashion.
For example, a lexicon is used to generate all the potential lemma-tag pairs
for a token, and next, a context-aware PoS-tagger is used to select the most
appropriate tag-lemma pair. Apart from the problems with out-of-lexicon items,
error percolation is a major downside of such approaches. In this paper we
explore the possibility to elegantly solve these tasks using a single,
integrated approach. For this, we make use of a layered neural network
architecture from the field of deep representation learning.
FINDING SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PREJUDICES IN PUBLIC DISCOURSE? A CASE STUDY ON THE 2007 AND 2012 PRESIDENTIAL FRENCH CAMPAIGNS
Authors: Baider Fabienne
Published: June 2021

In this research we suggest that working on a journalistic corpus with specific softwares can help studying linguistic patterns and choices which are made on the basis of political affiliation or gender stereotypes. The software SEMY for instance gives semantic profiles semi-automatically, ANTCONC gives useful KWIC abstracts and TERMOSTAT works on discourse specificities. Using all of these tools we found convergent striking asymmetries between female and male candidates in journalistic discourse (however conditionally) as far as our corpus dedicated to the 2007 and the 2012 presidential campaigns are concerned. Social gender' (i.e. stereotypical expectations about who will be a typical member of a given category) and / or political favoritism affect the representation of leadership in discourse and may affect in turn the readership, hence the electorate.
Processing Tools for Greek and Other Languages of the Christian Middle East
Authors: Kindt Bastien
Published: June 2021

This paper presents some computer tools and linguistic resources of the GREgORI project. These developments allow automated processing of texts written in the main languages of the Christian Middel East, such as Greek, Arabic, Syriac, Armenian and Georgian. The main goal is to provide scholars with tools (lemmatized indexes and concordances) making corpus-based linguistic information available. It focuses on the questions of text processing, lemmatization, information retrieval, and bitext alignment.
A Survey of Data Mining Techniques for Social Media Analysis
Authors: Adedoyin-Olowe Mariam , Gaber Mohamed Medhat , Stahl Frederic
Published: June 2021

Social network has gained remarkable attention in the last decade. Accessing
social network sites such as Twitter, Facebook LinkedIn and Google+ through the
internet and the web 2.0 technologies has become more affordable. People are
becoming more interested in and relying on social network for information, news
and opinion of other users on diverse subject matters. The heavy reliance on
social network sites causes them to generate massive data characterised by
three computational issues namely; size, noise and dynamism. These issues often
make social network data very complex to analyse manually, resulting in the
pertinent use of computational means of analysing them. Data mining provides a
wide range of techniques for detecting useful knowledge from massive datasets
like trends, patterns and rules [44]. Data mining techniques are used for
information retrieval, statistical modelling and machine learning. These
techniques employ data pre-processing, data analysis, and data interpretation
processes in the course of data analysis. This survey discusses different data
mining techniques used in mining diverse aspects of the social network over
decades going from the historical techniques to the up-to-date models,
including our novel technique named TRCM. All the techniques covered in this
survey are listed in the Table.1 including the tools employed as well as names
of their authors.
Mapping the Bentham Corpus: Concept-based Navigation
Authors: Ruiz Fabo Pablo , Poibeau Thierry
Published: June 2021

British philosopher and reformer Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) left over 60,000 folios of unpublished manuscripts. The Bentham Project, at University College London, is creating a TEI version of the manuscripts, via crowdsourced transcription verified by experts. We present here an interface to navigate these largely unedited manuscripts, and the language technologies the corpus was enriched with to facilitate navigation, i.e Entity Linking against the DBpedia knowledge base and keyphrase extraction. The challenges of tagging a historical domain-specific corpus with a contemporary knowledge base are discussed. The concepts extracted were used to create interactive co-occurrence networks, that serve as a map for the corpus and help navigate it, along with a search index. These corpus representations were integrated in a user interface. The interface was evaluated by domain experts with satisfactory results , e.g. they found the distributional semantics methods exploited here applicable in order to assist in retrieving related passages for scholarly editing of the corpus.
Text Complexity Classification Based on Linguistic Information: Application to Intelligent Tutoring of ESL
Authors: Kurdi M. Zakaria
Published: June 2021

The goal of this work is to build a classifier that can identify text
complexity within the context of teaching reading to English as a Second
Language (ESL) learners. To present language learners with texts that are
suitable to their level of English, a set of features that can describe the
phonological, morphological, lexical, syntactic, discursive, and psychological
complexity of a given text were identified. Using a corpus of 6171 texts, which
had already been classified into three different levels of difficulty by ESL
experts, different experiments were conducted with five machine learning
algorithms. The results showed that the adopted linguistic features provide a
good overall classification performance (F-Score = 0.97). A scalability
evaluation was conducted to test if such a classifier could be used within real
applications, where it can be, for example, plugged into a search engine or a
web-scraping module. In this evaluation, the texts in the test set are not only
different from those from the training set but also of different types (ESL
texts vs. children reading texts). Although the overall performance of the
classifier decreased significantly (F-Score = 0.65), the confusion matrix shows
that most of the classification errors are between the classes two and three
(the middle-level classes) and that the system has a robust performance in
categorizing texts of class one and four. This behavior can be explained by the
difference in classification criteria between the two corpora. Hence, the
observed results confirm the usability of such a classifier within a real-world
application.
Combining Visual and Textual Features for Semantic Segmentation of Historical Newspapers
Authors: Barman Raphaël , Ehrmann Maud , Clematide Simon , Oliveira Sofia Ares , Kaplan Frédéric
Published: June 2021

The massive amounts of digitized historical documents acquired over the last
decades naturally lend themselves to automatic processing and exploration.
Research work seeking to automatically process facsimiles and extract
information thereby are multiplying with, as a first essential step, document
layout analysis. If the identification and categorization of segments of
interest in document images have seen significant progress over the last years
thanks to deep learning techniques, many challenges remain with, among others,
the use of finer-grained segmentation typologies and the consideration of
complex, heterogeneous documents such as historical newspapers. Besides, most
approaches consider visual features only, ignoring textual signal. In this
context, we introduce a multimodal approach for the semantic segmentation of
historical newspapers that combines visual and textual features. Based on a
series of experiments on diachronic Swiss and Luxembourgish newspapers, we
investigate, among others, the predictive power of visual and textual features
and their capacity to generalize across time and sources. Results show
consistent improvement of multimodal models in comparison to a strong visual
baseline, as well as better robustness to high material variance.
Pattern Recognition in Narrative: Tracking Emotional Expression in Context
Authors: Murtagh Fionn , Ganz Adam
Published: June 2021

Using geometric data analysis, our objective is the analysis of narrative,
with narrative of emotion being the focus in this work. The following two
principles for analysis of emotion inform our work. Firstly, emotion is
revealed not as a quality in its own right but rather through interaction. We
study the 2-way relationship of Ilsa and Rick in the movie Casablanca, and the
3-way relationship of Emma, Charles and Rodolphe in the novel {\em Madame
Bovary}. Secondly, emotion, that is expression of states of mind of subjects,
is formed and evolves within the narrative that expresses external events and
(personal, social, physical) context. In addition to the analysis methodology
with key aspects that are innovative, the input data used is crucial. We use,
firstly, dialogue, and secondly, broad and general description that
incorporates dialogue. In a follow-on study, we apply our unsupervised
narrative mapping to data streams with very low emotional expression. We map
the narrative of Twitter streams. Thus we demonstrate map analysis of general
narratives.
TraduXio Project: Latest Upgrades and Feedback
Authors: Lacour Philippe , Bénel Aurélien
Published: June 2021

TraduXio is a digital environment for computer assisted multilingual translation which is web-based, free to use and with an open source code. Its originality is threefold-whereas traditional technologies are limited to two languages (source/target), TraduXio enables the comparison of different versions of the same text in various languages; its concordancer provides relevant and multilingual suggestions through a classification of the source according to the history, genre and author; it uses collaborative devices (privilege management, forums, networks, history of modification, etc.) to promote collective (and distributed) translation. TraduXio is designed to encourage the diversification of language learning and to promote a reappraisal of translation as a professional skill. It can be used in many different ways, by very diverse kind of people. In this presentation, I will present the recent developments of the software (its version 2.1) and illustrate how specific groups (language teaching, social sciences, literature) use it on a regular basis. In this paper, I present the technology but concentrate more on the possible uses of TraduXio, thus focusing on translators' feedback about their experience when working in this digital environment in a truly collaborative way.
Improvements in the sequencing and assembly of plant genomes
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Al-Dossary Othman , Alsubaie Bader , Al-Mssallem Ibrahim , Nath Onkar , Mitter Neena , Rodrigues Alves Margarido Gabriel , Topp Bruce , Murigneux Valentine , Kharabian Masouleh Ardashir , Furtado Agnelo , Henry Robert J.
Published: June 2021

Advances in DNA sequencing have made it easier to sequence and assemble plant genomes. Here, we extend an earlier study, and compare recent methods for long read sequencing and assembly. Updated Oxford Nanopore Technology software improved assemblies. Using more accurate sequences produced by repeated sequencing of the same molecule (Pacific Biosciences HiFi) resulted in less fragmented assembly of sequencing reads. Using data for increased genome coverage resulted in longer contigs, but reduced total assembly length and improved genome completeness. The original model species, Macadamia jansenii, was also compared with three other Macadamia species, as well as avocado (Persea americana) and jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis). In these angiosperms, increasing sequence data volumes caused a linear increase in contig size, decreased assembly length and further improved already high completeness. Differences in genome size and sequence complexity influenced the success of assembly. Advances in long read sequencing technology continue to improve plant genome sequencing and assembly. However, results were improved by greater genome coverage, with the amount needed to achieve a particular level of assembly being species dependent.
Actitud y conocimiento docente en el área de matemática ante resultados del ciclo diversificado según prueba diagnóstica del MINEDUC 2018
Authors: Panjoj Mosquit Tomás Vicente
Published: June 2021

Este artículo de investigación se orientó a la correspondencia que tiene la actitud y nivel de conocimiento del docente de matemática al momento de facilitar las clases, para ello se tomó como muestra a 20 docentes que facilitan el curso de matemática en centros educativos del sector público nivel medio ciclo diversificado del municipio de Santa Cruz del Quiché, departamento de Quiché. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la actitud y el nivel de conocimiento del docente de matemática tienen gran incidencia con el nivel de aprendizaje y bajo desempeño que el estudiante manifestó en la prueba diagnóstica aplicada por la Dirección General de Evaluación e Investigación Educativa del Ministerio de Educación de Guatemala (DIGEDUCA, 2019).

Según lo anterior se hace necesaria hacer una reflexión del perfil que debe tener el docente de matemática e implementar estrategias que fortalezcan la actitud empática y la metodología con la que el docente facilita las clases de matemática.
Application of the term «tort» in the science of administrative law
Authors:   e North-West Institute (branch) of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), VASILIEVA YA.V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the science of administrative law on the issue of administrative and legal terminology. The article considers the opinions of scientists on the content of the term “tort” in order to specify the interpretation and consolidate it in the theory of law as a legal category. The article analyzes the doctrinal definitions of the term “administrative tort” proposed by science and the admissibility of its use in the sphere of administrative responsibility. The author comes to the conclusion about the broad meaning of the term in question, its lack of identity to the concept of administrative offense.
Technologies in the penal legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, NEKRASOV V.N.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the impact on the penal legislation the results of the type of innovation activity such as technologies, and the readiness of the domestic legislator for their appearance. The author comes to the conclusion that in order to comply with the rule of legislative technique on the unity of the terminology used, it is advisable in the text of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation to replace the phrase “audiovisual, electronic and other technical means of supervision and control” with “special technical means of control and supervision” and fix in the legal act a specific list of technical means for various types of correctional institutions.
Administrative and legal measures to counter entering of prohibited articles into places of deprivation of liberty
Authors:   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, RUDAKOV A.M. , FARAFONOV D.E. ,   Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia
Published: June 2021

Statistical data confirm that the penetration of prohibited articles into places of deprivation of liberty is currently an urgent problem. The methods and ways of their transmission are constantly being improved, and the existing countermeasures are not able to reduce the motivation of offenders. The article examines the administrative-legal and socio-economic measures, which, according to the authors, can have an impact on the persons plotting offenses; it reveals the socio-political significance of ensuring security in correctional institutions.
EVALUATE SOME NEW INBRED RICE AND MALE STERILE VARIETIES UNDER DUS AND VCU EXPERIMENTS
Authors: ABOU KHADRAH S.H. , ABO YOUSSEF M.I. , HAFEZ E.M. , REHAN A.A.
Published: June 2021

The main objective of study are evaluated some new inbred rice and male sterile varieties under Distinct, Uniform and Stability (DUS) and Value of Cultivated and Used (VCU) Experiments. A number of seven rice varieties were used, Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza 182 and Egyptian yasmine; moreover, GZ 10154 and GZ 8564-Sp 70, as well as EGMS and CMS1 as promising lines to evaluating by DUS and VCU. The data were recorded on morphological and yield characters. The results could be concluded that: regarding to qualitative characteristics (PQ and QL), from 24 PQ and QL characters, the nine rice varieties recorded the same score for 19 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Egyptian jasmine was dissimilar in the score No. 24, 39, and 60, that referred to this variety belong to Indica type, while the rice varieties Sakha 101 and Giza 178 were similar only in score no.11, which belong to Japonica and Indica japonica types, that meaning these varieties were highly uniform and stability in qualitative characters than the other promising line GZ 10154. Regarding to quantities characteristics (QN), from 27 QN characters, nine rice varieties recorded the same score for 20 characters; moreover, the rice varieties Sakha 101, Sakha 102, Sakha 104, Giza 177, Giza 178, Giza 182, Egyptian yasmine and GZ 8564-Sp70 were similar in the score no. 1, 12, 23, 48, 49 and 50, while the promising line GZ 10154 was dissimilar in these scores during the two seasons, meaning that all these varieties were highly uniform and stability than the other promising, line GZ 10154. These results were conformed to VCU results, where the studied varieties recorded the highest grain yield/day. From these results could be concluded that all the varieties, except GZ 10154, accepted as a new rice release variety, but the promising line GZ 10154 required to more recurrent selection to increase their uniform, as well as CMS line was accepted could be evaluated under different conditions, but EGMS should be evaluated under heat stress conditions.
Descriptive analysis in the COVID-19 database after one year of the pandemic disease in indigenous patients from the State of Acre
Authors: Fernandes Adolfo Henrique dos Santos , Lopes Felipe dos Santos
Published: June 2021

Há pouco mais de um ano, foi confirmado o primeiro caso de coronavírus no Estado do Acre: em 15 de março de 2020. Desde então, a linha do tempo do coronavírus traz cada vez mais fatos importantes que mostram o tamanho do impacto da pandemia no estado. Neste artigo foram apresentados alguns gráficos estatísticos, como histogramas, gráficos de barras e boxplots, da amostra total e suas respectivas subamostras quando divididos por óbitos e casos recuperados. Após a breve análise descritiva das figuras apresentadas, podemos considerar algumas conclusões sobre a doença COVID-19 em pacientes indígenas no Estado do Acre.
Factors Affecting Total Risk in Banking Sector of Pakistan: Empirical Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Khursheed Aisha , Asif Muhammad , Hussain Shahbaz , Liaquat Malka
Published: June 2021

If a financial organization flops, it can impose an externality nationwide as a whole. Augmented globalization along with deregulation of financial organizations has not only given rise to competition, but it has also amplified the need for powerful policies to manage risk for the industry. Being cautious of elements which might direct to failure of banking organization support in future for evading losses by introducing preemptive initiatives to minimize damage caused by risk. This study analyzes the factors affecting total risk in banking sector of Pakistan using sample data from 2006 to 2013. The results revealed that the size of bank, financial leverage, liquidity, loan to asset ratio, growth in real GDP, supply of money and spread of interest rates all seem to be statistically significant with total risk faced by bank. However, the ratio of loan losses remained statistically insignificant. This study stresses the insertion of macroeconomic factor as a probable determining factor for total risk.
Academic production about the Bauschinger Effect in steels: a bibliometric study between 1990 and 2021
Authors: DAVID FELIPE FARAGE , Vasconcelos Luan Marcel Costa , Liberato Frank de Mello , da Costa Adilson Rodrigues
Published: June 2021

he Bauschinger Effect is a phenomenon that occurs in metals to reduce mechanical strength and increase ductility. It is generally considered a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties of steel. In this context, the objective of this paper is to present a bibliometric study, to demonstrate the evolution of research on this effect and the main methodologies used to characterize this metallurgical phenomenon in steels. For this, methodological procedures were followed from the survey of three hundred and seventy publications, in national and international journals related to the theme in the period between 1990 to 2021. Then, the data found were arranged in spreadsheets, to identify the main methodologies and results, serving as a basis for the analysis of the general research scenarios regarding the Bauschinger Effect in steels, for deepening in future studies.
Poverty Eradication for Sustainable Human Capital Development
Authors:   General Studies Department, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Moromoke Olupona Adeola
Published: June 2021

Six decades after the political independence of the Nigerian state, its government like many other governments across the third world has not been able to eradicate poverty within its borders. The prevailing situation has defied the introduction of different political structures, economic policies and even the deployment of foreign expertise and aids. This study therefore examines the causes, consequences and extant solutions proffered before now and concludes that for a nation to grow economically and rise above poverty level, there is need for human capital development since the poverty level in the country has negative impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP). This study measures Human Capital Development (HCD) through per capital income and Human Development Index (HDI).
Optimizing Community Research Report Function at The Prosecution Stage Under the Juvenile Court
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia, Mariana Rina
Published: June 2021

The establishment of Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System was driven by two aspects, those are restorative justice and the diversion attempt. Those two things aims towards out of court settlement revolving around juvenile criminal cases, as well as recovering losses suffered by victims and rehabilitating the juvenile delinquent. Child imprisinment is only used as the last resort. Therefore, it is quite reasonable to consider Litmas recommendation of not imprisoning children. However, this may not always be the case. This paper will then analyze the reasoning on why there still many recommendations from Bapas Community Advisors in the social research reports that are not considered during the prosecution process. This requires9psearch is a normative research completed by analyzing secondary data. This study explains that there are still many recommendations in Litmas that are not considered at the prosecution stage.
Grəˉhmā, Grəˉhmō In Avesta And Uzbek G‘Aram, Persian Giromi: (Etymological Etude)
Authors:   Doctor of history, professor of Tashkent State university of oriental studie, Mirsultanovich Iskhakov Mirsadik
Published: June 2021

This article devoted to etymological analysis of the word grəˉhmā in the holy book Avesta of the religion Mazda Yasna (Zoroastrianism). Attempted to search for different etymological meanings and transformation of the grəˉhmā and its plural (?) form grəˉhmō, which had took from the indoevropian stem and refleced on the uzbekian g‘aram (gharam), and persian giromi.
Significados atribuidos a la práctica de actividad física, ejercicio físico y deporte como medio de configuración de redes sociales y participación ciudadana (Meanings attributed to the practice of physical activity, physical exercise and sport as a mean
Authors: Flores Rivera Carol , Luna Villouta Pablo , Fuentealba Urra Sergio , Garrido Méndez Alex , Muñoz Sabando Gissela , Torres Esparza Angela
Published: June 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo indagar acerca de los significados que le dan los habitantes de la población Juan Pablo Segundo a la práctica de actividad física, ejercicio físico y deporte en espacios públicos como medio de configuración de redes sociales y fomento de la participación ciudadana. Para efectos de esta investigación se utilizó la metodología cualitativa, desde una perspectiva fenomenológica. Se trabajó por medio de entrevistas en profundidad que se aplicaron a pobladores típicos y a personajes emblemáticos de la población Juan Pablo Segundo, ubicada en la comuna de Concepción. Estas entrevistas fueron razonadas por medio del análisis de contenido, utilizando la herramienta informática “Atlas ti 6.0” para el análisis de los datos. Los resultados arrojaron que existen múltiples factores, tanto facilitadores como obstaculizadores de la práctica de actividad física, ejercicio físico y deporte en espacios públicos, convirtiéndose esta práctica en una condición que permite fomentar la participación ciudadana, a su vez resulta un mecanismo poderoso que facilita la interacción favorable entre las personas que comparten intereses en común, generando verdaderas redes sociales que en definitiva contribuyen a garantizar la cohesión social, aportando positivamente en los procesos de asociatividad, promoviendo así la participación ciudadana. 
Abstract: The present research aimed to investigate the meanings that the inhabitants of the Juan Pablo Segundo population give to the practice of physical activity, physical exercise and sport in public spaces as a means of setting up social networks and promoting citizen participation. For the purposes of this research, the qualitative methodology was used, from a phenomenological perspective. It was worked through in-depth interviews that were applied to typical settlers and emblematic characters of the Juan Pablo Segundo population, located in the Concepción commune. These interviews were reasoned through content analysis, using the computer tool "Atlas ti 6.0" for data analysis. The results showed that there are multiple factors, both facilitators and obstacles to the practice of physical activity, physical exercise and sport in public spaces, making this practice a condition that allows promoting citizen participation, in turn it is a powerful mechanism that facilitates participation. Favorable interaction between people who share common interests, generating true social networks that ultimately contribute to guaranteeing social cohesion, contributing positively to associative processes, thus promoting citizen participation.