bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geo-Questionnaire: A Spatially Explicit Method for Eliciting Public Preferences, Behavioural Patterns, and Local Knowledge – An Overview
Authors: Czepkiewicz Michał , Jankowski Piotr , Zwoliński Zbigniew
Published: September 2018

Geo-questionnaires have been used in a variety of domains to collect public preferences, behavioural patterns, and spatially-explicit local knowledge, for academic research and environmental and urban planning. This paper provides an overview of the method focusing on the methodical characteristics of geo-questionnaires including software functions, types of collected data, and techniques of data analysis. The paper also discusses broader methodical issues related to the practice of deploying geo-questionnaires such as respondent selection and recruitment, representativeness, and data quality. The discussion of methodical issues is followed by an overview of the recent examples of geo-questionnaire applications in Poland, and the discussion of socio-technical aspects of geo-questionnaire use in spatial planning.
Remarks On The Sources Of Error In The Modelling Of Lunar Geotechnical Structures
Authors: Cafaro Francesco , Miticocchio Emanuele , Marzulli Valentina
Published: September 2018

Scale modelling should be a very useful strategy for the design of lunar structures. Preventing structural damages in the lunar environment is crucial and scale models are helpful to achieve this aim. The size of these models must be scaled to take into account the different gravitational levels. Since the lunar gravity acceleration is about one-sixth of the terrestrial one, it follows that the models on Earth will be very smaller than the prototype to be realized on the Moon. This strategy will represent an opportunity for engineers working on lunar structure design, provided that the errors, both computational and experimental, related to the change of scale are quantified, allowing reliable extension of the physical scale modelling results to the prototype. In this work, a three-dimensional finite element analysis of walls retaining lunar regolith backfill is described and discussed, in order to provide preliminary results, which can guide a future experimental investigation based on physical scale-modelling. In particular, computational errors related to the scale effects are assessed, with respect to a virtual prototype of the lunar geotechnical structure, and compared with errors from other sources of discrepancy, like the adopted constitutive model, the variability of the geotechnical parameters and the calculation section used in the 3D analysis. The results seem to suggest the soundness of this strategy of modelling and are likely to encourage new research, both numerical and experimental, supporting the structure serviceability assessment.
Comparative Characteristics of Informal Sector Workers in Kuta Beach Versus Sanur Beach
Authors: Nilakusmawati DPE , Susilawati M
Published: September 2018

This study aims to compare the socio-economic characteristics of informal sector workers who run their business in the location of Kuta Beach, Badung-Bali versus Sanur Beach, Denpasar-Bali. Data were obtained from primary sources using questionnaires and sampling was done by purposive sampling. Informal sector workers who are respondents include street vendors, hawkers, masseuseers, photo artisans, souvenir vendors, and other personal services such as canoe rental, umbrellas rental, and others. The variable characteristics of the respondents were 15 variables of socioeconomics. Descriptive analysis is used to obtain an overview of socioeconomic characteristics of informal sector workers in the two sites studied. The result showed the average age of informal sector workers in Kuta beach is 50 years and Sanur 44 years. Working hours per day are not much different between two sites. The average income of respondents in Kuta Beach is lower than the average income of workers in Sanur. Workers in Kuta beach have been running relatively longer businesses compared to workers in Sanur beach. The relatively similar characteristics of workers between the two sites are sexes dominated by female workers, with marital status, mostly migrants with a length of stay of more than 5 years, with the status of homes occupied mostly by rent. Most workers in both sites are workers with self-employment status with workers of unpaid families. The findings of the study indicate a difference in the educational level of workers for the two comparable sites. There are also differences in the nature of merchandise services.
Kanji Ability Mastery of Japanese Literature Study Program’s Students, Faculty of Arts, Udayana University
Authors: Oeinada I Gede
Published: September 2018

Kanji ability of Japanese Department students, Faculty of Arts, Udayana University namely the third-year students and the second-year students is measured by a test on Kanji mastery. This test measures 12 aspects of Kanji mastery ranging from the mastery of meaning, word structure, form, writing, to how to read Kanji’s onyomi. The third-year students have stopped receiving Kanji lecture while the second-year students are still getting Kanji lecture. The test results indicate that there is a relevancy between Kanji lecture and the average ability increasing in Kanji mastery aspects of the students. The increasing on the scale value of the test results by the third-year students is only on 3 aspects i.e. only 25% of the total Kanji mastery aspects. Meanwhile, in the second-year students is as much as 7 aspects i.e. 58% of the total Kanji mastery aspects measured. The weak aspect of Kanji mastery that needed to be increased in both classes is the aspect of how to read the Kanji’s onyomi. This aspect can be trained by utilizing the communication and information technology (CIT) of Japanese language learning that has been available online namely the Kanji-en site. The Kanji-en site has Kanji exercises that emphasize the aspect of Kanji onyomi reading so that it is suitable to be used in improving the Kanji ability of Japanese Department students, Faculty of Arts, Udayana University. By using an interactive learning media that is available in this site, surely it can increase the motivation and spirit of Japanese language learners, especially in the field of Kanji mastery.
The Helping Behavior of Senior and Vocational High School Students Based on the Values of Pancasila in Pemalang Regency
Authors: Priyono Dedit , Z. Mansoor Alvanov , R. Mutiaz Intan
Published: September 2018

The decline in a social relationship has led people, particularly teenagers, to an unwillingness to help others. Therefore, there needs such an effort to help teenagers realize the importance of helping others. One possible effort is to hold a character building program. In this case, the writer involves Pancasila as the fundamental principle of the program to relate its values to the helping behavior the teenagers might show. Accordingly, this study focuses on finding the helping behavior related to the values contained in the Sila of Pancasila shown by the teenagers. This descriptive-qualitative study uses Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature study methods to collect data. From the research, the writer finds Sila 2 Kemanusiaan Yang Adil dan Beradab fits the helping behavior shown by the teenagers the most. The helping behavior shown relates, particularly, with the following values of Pancasila, i.e., "To recognize equality both in rights and responsibility, to uphold the values of humanity," and "To promote fairness to others." Nevertheless, teenagers have not shown yet the one related with "To practice tolerance and show empathy."
Udayana University: Proposal for The Establishment of a ‘Political Parties and Local Governments Studies Center’
Authors: Zuryani Nazrina , Ali Azhar Muhammad , Irviantono Tedi
Published: September 2018

In Bali, where political life is largely determined by tradition and the role of Sukarno, the main challenge is to create a cadre system unrelated to mass organizations (gangs), to oligarchy links and to traditional networks (puri/local rulers and Sukarno affiliations). To coin Riswandha Imawan?s words, there is “cadre confusion” in that the existing cadres tend not to hee d the goals of the 1998 Movement: they neglect their working duties, fail to pay taxes and do not care about political education -all things mandatory in a democracy. Aware of these failings, Academics from FISIP Udayana University, later supported by colleagues from Warmadewa University and the University of National Education, and by AIPI Bali and several women NGOs, proposed to set up a center for political parties and local Government, which would work with Udayana University’s revitalized Tax Center (different from the website Imissu at Udayana University information technology service). In the hope of getting support from the political parties cadres, the FISIP Udayana undertook a series of Focus Group Discussions of cadres followed by a survey. But the cadres refused the ?political clinic? proposed by FISIP as part of the project implementation. A new solution is now put forward by the research team: through the IbIKK (Ipteks bagi Inovatif Kreativitas Kampus), the FISIP Udayana simply proposes to revitalize the Tax Center and to Establish a Political Parties and Local Government Studies Center annexed to the Institute for Peace and Democracy/IPD at Udayana University in Denpasar.
Program on Building Positive Self-Concept in Girls to Suppress the Number of Early Marriages in Pengotan Village of Bangli, Bali
Authors: Diah Lestari Made , Natalya Ni Putu , Oktavia Rospita Indri , Citra Wulan Sucipta Putri Wayan , Dian Susilowati Ni Made
Published: September 2018

Early marriage is a phenomenon found in many countries, particularly in countries with high levels of poverty. Most of the victims are girls. Early marriage robs themtheir opportunity for self-development. At the community level, early marriage brings pressure to the development of human resources, increases the dropout rate, and triggers poverty. Early marriage is driven by various factors, such as the family’s attempts to maintain their financial viability, family and peer pressure, early marriage being used as a means of controlling girls’ sexual behavior, and due to socio-cultural conditions. In Bali, one of the practices of early marriage caused by economic pressures, family, and culture is found in the village of Pengotan in Bangli. This program is a preventive effort that aims to increase the positive assessment of local girls against themselves to reduce the number of early marriages. If one has a positive self-concept, they will appreciate themselves more and will certainly be appreciated by others. This program realized in the form of training was given to girls from grade fifth and sixth of elementary school. This age group falls into the category of transition age from childhood to adolescent which is prone to change. Through this program, girls are expected to be aware of their existence, to appreciate their gender, realize that girls have equal opportunities to boys, and understand the breadth of skills and opportunities that girls can have. At the end of the program, there was increased knowledge shown by the significant difference between the average value of the pre-test and post-test. Participants were satisfied with the program that they had followed. Changes in attitudes and behavior were then measured during one year after the program indicated by the number of girls who continue their study at school and the early marriage rate. Evaluation of attitudes and behaviors were conducted by interviews.
Produktivitas Rakyat dan Daya Saing Indonesia di Pasar Internasional Sebagai Upaya Mendukung Tercapainya Pembangunan Nasional
Authors: Asnawi Anita
Published: September 2018

Visi dan impian Indonesia 2015-2085 dituangkan dalam gagasan Nawa Cita dalam rangka menunjukkan prioritas jalan perubahan menuju Indonesia yang berdaulat, secara politik, serta mandiri dalam bidang ekonomi dan berkepribadian dalam kebudayaan. Salah satu dari sembilan program Nawa Cita pada agenda keenam adalah meningkatkan produktivitas rakyat dan daya saing di pasar internasional sehingga bangsa Indonesia bisa maju dan bangkit bersama bangsa-bangsa Asia lainnya. Penting kiranya bagi Pemerintah untuk mengenali dan memahami posisi daya saing negara Indonesia di antara negara-negara lain di dunia, terutama diantara negara ASEAN dalam menyambut era MEE, sehingga akan memberikan wawasan yang lebih luas dan landasan yang tepat dalam merancang dan mengimplementasikan kebijakan-kebijakan yang mampu menjadi daya ungkit demi tercapainya cita-cita nasional tersebut. Posisi daya saing negara dapat dilihat dari pemeringkatan yang setiap tahun telah dilakukan oleh International Management Development  (IMD) dan World Economic Forum (WEF) dengan berbagai indikator pilar-pilar ekonomi.  Kata Kunci : Produktivitas Rakyat, Daya Saing Indonesia, IMD, WEF, Nawacita, Trisakti.
Stereospecific 1,3-H Transfer of Indenols Proceeds via Persistent Ion-Pairs Anchored By NH···Pi Interactions
Authors: Ascough David , Duarte Fernanda , Paton Robert
Published: September 2018

The base-catalyzed rearrangement of arylindenols is a rare example of a suprafacial [1,3]-hydrogen atom transfer. The mechanism has been proposed to proceed via sequential [1,5]-sigmatropic shifts, which occur in a selective sense and avoid an achiral intermediate. A computational analysis using quantum chemistry casts serious doubt on these suggestions: these pathways have enormous activation barriers and in constrast to what is observed experimentally, they overwhelmingly favor a racemic product. Instead we propose that a suprafacial [1,3]-prototopic shift occurs in a two-step deprotonation/reprotonation sequence. This mechanism is favored by 15 kcal mol-1 over that previously proposed. Most importantly, this is also consistent with stereospecificity since reprotonation occurs rapidly on the same p-face. We have used explicitly-solvated molecular dynamics studies to study the persistence and condensed-phase dynamics of the intermediate ion-pair formed in this reaction. Chirality transfer is the result of a particularly resilient contact ion-pair, held together by electrostatic attraction and a critical NH···p interaction which ensures that this species has an appreciable lifetime even in polar solvents such as DMSO and MeOH.
MBNL1 alternative splicing isoforms play opposing roles in cancer
Authors: Tabaglio Tommaso , Low Diana HP , Teo Winnie Koon Lay , Goy Pierre Alexis , Cywoniuk Piotr , Wollmann Heike , Ho Jessica , Tan Damien , Aw Joey , Pavesi Andrea , Sobczak Krzysztof , Wee Dave Keng Boon , Guccione Ernesto
Published: September 2018

The extent of and the oncogenic role played by alternative splicing (AS) in cancer are well documented. Nonetheless, only few studies have attempted to dissect individual gene function at an isoform level. Here, we focus on the AS of splicing factors during prostate cancer progression, as these factors are known to undergo extensive AS and have the potential to affect hundreds of downstream genes. We identified exon 7 (ex7) in the MBNL1 (Muscleblind-like 1) transcript as being the most differentially included exon in cancer, both in cell lines and in patients' samples. In contrast, MBNL1 overall expression was down-regulated, consistently with its described role as a tumor suppressor. This observation holds true in the majority of cancer types analyzed. We first identified components associated to the U2 splicing complex (SF3B1, SF3A1, and PHF5A) as required for efficient ex7 inclusion and we confirmed that this exon is fundamental for MBNL1 protein homodimerization. We next used splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (AONs) or siRNAs to compare the effect of MBNL1 splicing isoform switching with knockdown. We report that whereas the absence of MBNL1 is tolerated in cancer cells, the expression of isoforms lacking ex7 (MBNL1 Δex7) induces DNA damage and inhibits cell viability and migration, acting as dominant negative proteins. Our data demonstrate the importance of studying gene function at the level of alternative spliced isoforms and support our conclusion that MBNL1 Δex7 proteins are antisurvival factors with a defined tumor suppressive role that cancer cells tend to down-regulate in favor of MBNL +ex7 isoforms.
Typologia nauczycielskiej refleksji dotyczącej pracy z uczniami
Authors: Szymczak Joanna
Published: September 2018

The article constitutes an attempt to present a typology of reflection concerning working with students, which was constructed due to the work with an empirical data. The main aim of this paper was to provide answers to questions of in what way and with reference to what the early education teachers taking part in the research made a reflection concerning working with students. There was implied a specific research way, whose construction and participation in provided an opportunity to recreate this typology. Theoretical and methodological solutions (and their value for the project) used in the research process were highlighted. In addition, the article comprises the role which may be played in the educational practice – especially with reference to the work with teachers (-to-be)– by the typology documented in the data.
Diagnoza i ochrona dziecka z traumą rozwojową w polskim systemie oświatowym
Authors: Helios Joanna , Jedlecka Wioletta
Published: September 2018

The aim of this article is to diagnose the symptoms of disorders and functioning of children at risk and traumatic development in the Polish educational system, as well as to identify possible legislative solutions related to appropriate educational and therapeutic activities and to safeguard the educational rights of these children. In educational law, there are legal solutions that provide the opportunity to organize for a child with more favorable conditions in the education system based on the value of educational equality.
Matematyczna aktywność badawcza uczniów klas początkowych. Między koncepcjami naukowymi i potocznymi
Authors: Kalinowska Alina
Published: September 2018

Conditions stimulating an independent creation and formulation of regularities require particular cognitive scenarios. In the early grades, students have the opportunity to develop this all-compassing intellectual ability mostly due to the specially designed educational and explorative conditions. The paper is an attempt to present a common understanding of mathematical analysis done by the students in the early grades and offers an alternative way of perceiving sush inquiries during the class.
Medialne reprezentacje kultury literackiej, czyli wiedza o książce dla dzieci – (nie) tylko w Sieci
Authors: Krasuska-Betiuk Marta
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the text is to identify and description certain dimensions of literary culture that are represented in digital media and relate to the children’s recipient. The method used content analysis, mainly Polish websites, indicate the dominant media enabled representations of knowledge about children’s book and its contexts (reading culture, the role of intermediary). Described some forms of presence of literature for children and youth in cyberspace, such as portals and blog reviewers, websites writers and books, journals and literary blogs, forums readers, radio and TV programs. Scientific knowledge of literary culture is represented in the network to a lesser extent in comparison to popularizing, commercial and promotional activities of publishers and other entities. The source of scientific information are the pages of international conferences, associations, organizations and libraries. To a lesser degree, open source licenses are digitally released as original scientific studies, such as books, journals and research reports.
Namysł nad osobistymi przekonaniami na temat dziecka jako wyzwanie dla filozofii edukacyjnej nauczyciela (FEN)
Authors: Lemańska-Lewandowska Ewa
Published: September 2018

The article presents the construct of the teacher’s educational philosophy in relation to thinking about the child and the student. The analysis of different ways regarding teacher’s thinking about his own decisions and actions towards the child reveals the sources and the ways of creating a personal educational philosophy. Individual beliefs about the students, nature of their development, their minds, their knowledge and learning processes can contribute to the continuous reflection and crystallization of TEP. In the following text the attention was also paid on possible teacher’s pedagogies that may arise from the mentioned reflection.
Od pedagogiki kolektywu do pedagogiki kolektywizującej. Idee wychowawcze Antona Makarenki w świetle filozofii i pedagogiki wspólnotowości
Authors: Starego Karolina
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the continuing relevance of some elements of Anton Makarenko’s pedagogical thought. My other aim is to reinterpret those elements in the light of contemporary theories of commonality and communal education. The category that is reinterpreted in relation to the modern theories of the production of the common and the new forms of being together that thus produced, is Makarenko’s notion of the “collective”. Based upon this, I propose an idea of a collectivizing pedagogy, that is a remedy for the current neoliberal delegitimization of all forms of common identity, and the latter’s effects such as incapability of imagining (and consequently teaching about) the possibility of a communal, solidary action.
System pedagogiczny Makarenki w kontekście założeń współczesnej pedagogiki ulicy
Authors: Sokołowska Jolanta
Published: September 2018

The subject of this analysis is an attempt to reflect on the pedagogical system of Antoni Makarenko as a pedagogue of street children. Just as the street peddlers of today worked with children whose negative and afflicted relationships with the world have led to an attitude of distrust and dislike. When analyzing his concept, I referred to the thought he had made in “Pedagogical Poem”. Confronting the idea against the views of modern street pedagogues, I tried to answer the questions: what does Makarenko share with people working today with this category of children? How much of his ideas worked out almost a century ago are the inspiration for modern street pedagogues? Makarenko, like the street pedigreers of today, was focused on building contacts, appreciated the significance of the meeting, tried to answer real problems and needs of homeless youth. What distinguishes modern street pedagogy from the Makarenko pedagogical system is its critical character. Makarenko’s pedagogy, due to ideological dominance (which was not discussed in the pedagogical activity aimed at shaping the planned political consciousness of the charges), lost its emancipatory character.
System wychowawczy Antoniego Makarenki jako podstawa do reorganizacji opieki nad dzieckiem osieroconym w świetle peerelowskiego czasopiśmiennictwa pedagogicznego
Authors: Kołakowski Andrzej
Published: September 2018

The aim of this article is to show the influence of Makarenko’s conception of upbringing on the reorganising of the orphan care system in the PRL. A valuable source of information on the subject are pedagogical periodicals, which enable us to reconstruct the degree to which Makarenko’s views were implemented and determine which of his ways and methods of upbringing caught on in Polish orphanages. The author also raises the question of how the collective upbringing system could be an inspiration for educators today.
Polskie kino lat 1949–1955 wobec realizmu socjalistycznego. Ideologiczna mobilizacja jako kontekst dla myśli pedagogicznej
Authors: Sokołowski Marek
Published: September 2018

The article concerns a specific period in the history of Polish cinematography, called socialist realism (1949–1954). The new style of filmmaking (according to the ideology of the Polish Communist Party), was imposed by the filmmakers, but was not accepted by the cinema audience.
Filmowy Poemat pedagogiczny: między Makarenką a wymogami kultury totalitarnej
Authors: Sadowski Jakub
Published: September 2018

Anton Makarenko’s novel The Pedagogical Poem had been published in 1934–1935; after 20 years it was finally filmed (The Pedagogical Poem by Alexei Maslukov and Mechislava Mayevskaya, 1955). This article is an analysis of a specific relationship between Makarenko’s text and the cinematic variant of the “Poem”. The nature of transformation of literary text into film text is complex. It requires not only the adaptation of the novel to the linguistic requirements of the movie. The typological distinctions between the language of literary and cinematic Poems concern not only two spheres of the functioning of these works, but also two types of culture in which they were brought to life. The literary Pedagogical Poem was created as an autonomous work against totalitarian discourse, however it still participates in it. The key to its reading (which is specific for totalitarian culture) analyzed in this text results from the main function of narratives of this culture, i.e. the transmission of units of its mythological universe.
Głos dziecka w przedszkolu – między swobodą wypowiedzi a milczeniem
Authors: Babicka-Wirkus Anna , Groenwald Maria
Published: September 2018

The article addresses the problems of presence and absence of child’s voice in kindergarten and their significance for the development of critically thinking entities/citizens. On the basis of our qualitative studies, two separate ways of perceiving the significance of nonadults’ voice in the early childhood education process have emerged. The first one, relating to the affirmation of free child expression, is typical for personal declarations of young educators. The second way is about practising children’s silence in kindergarten and it characterises the events described by aspiring teachers, witnessed during their professional practice. On this basis, we have identified the mechanism of inclusion and the mechanism of exclusion of child’s voice in kindergarten.
Wykorzystanie metody projektów na zajęciach przyrody w klasie III szkoły podstawowej
Authors: Żyra Karolina
Published: September 2018

This article describes experiences gained during work with the project approach on science lessons in Grade 3 of Primary School. They are analyzed in the light of action research and the theoretical base of constructivism. The conclusions from the analysis confirm the usefulness of the project approach in stimulating the children’s potential and their independence during science lessons.
CONTENT ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION FOR SOCIAL PEDAGOGUES IN FORMING ADOLESCENTS’ LIVING COMPETENCY
Authors: Velykzhanina Dariya ,   Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University
Published: September 2018

The article substantiates the necessity of professional training of future social educators for the formation of the vital competence of the younger generation in conditions of development of competently directed education. The substantive aspects of the future social educators’ preparation for the formation of adolescent’s life competence are singled out. The characteristics of the future social educators’ professional readiness, aimed at developing the life competence of the younger generation, are determined. The essence of the concepts of «life competence», «competently directed education» is revealed.
PROJECT TECHNOLOGIES IN PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION FOR SOCIAL SPHERE WORKERS
Authors: Morenko Olga ,   Melitopol State Pedagogical University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
Published: September 2018

The article defines the essence and content of the concepts of «innovation», «social innovation» and «social technologies». Society exists and operates on the basis of practice. One of the most important forms of social existence is social practice, aimed primarily at social change. The sources of social innovation are changes in the external environment, social problems that arise and which cannot be solved with the help of traditional methods, as well as changes in the needs of society and its members. Innovation also includes social design. The origins of the idea of project training are considered. It is determined that the training of specialists for the social sphere is actively developing on the basis of scientific views of various scientific schools of social work. The professional activity of social workers involves constant interpersonal contacts with people in need of assistance. Therefore, the use of pedagogical innovations in the process of training social workers, based on the active subject-subjective interaction of participants in the educational process, is being updated. These are interactive technologies (technology cooperation) that are widely used in higher education institutions and studied by foreign and domestic scientists. It is revealed that in practice of social work, designing is a component of the management of social services, the component of self-management of social work specialists and social technology is aimed at forecasting and implementing social innovations. The effectiveness of a specialist in social work, his professionalism, depends on knowledge, skills and abilities, as well as on preparedness for activities in a changing environment, the ability to design and implement social innovation.
Assessing shared leadership in interprofessional team meetings: A validation study
Authors:   Health Outcomes and Medical Education Research (HOMER), National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Ong Yu Han , Lim Issac ,   Health Outcomes and Medical Education Research (HOMER), National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Tan Keng Teng ,   Pharmacy Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Chan Mark ,   Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Lim Wee Shiong ,   Health Outcomes and Medical Education Research (HOMER), National Healthcare Group, Singapore; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
Published: September 2018

Background: Shared leadership, a team property whereby leadership is distributed among team members, is increasingly salient in interprofessional team-based care. There is currently no validated scale to measure shared leadership in healthcare teams. We aim to describe the developmental and validation of the Clinical Shared Leadership Scale (CSLS) in the context of interprofessional geriatrics care. Methods: We adapted the CSLS from the Woods (2005) and Carson (2007) scales that were originally used to study management teams. We collected survey data from 115 healthcare professionals who attended interprofessional team meetings (IPTM) in two subacute geriatrics ward. We analyzed internal consistency using Cronbach’s α, as well as construct, convergent, divergent, concurrent and predictive validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), inferential statistics and logistic regression. Results: The 14-item CSLS scale has mean score of 52.32±4.86 (range: 14-70). The scale exhibited high internal reliability (Cronbach’s α=0.76). EFA identified three factors, namely social cohesion, joint involvement, and hierarchical structure (α: 0.76, 0.80 and 0.46 respectively). The good correlation of CSLS total score with internal team environment (ITE) (r=0.78, p<.01) and transactive memory system (TMS) (r=0.65, p<.01) supports convergent validity, whereas poor correlation with task complexity (r=0.17, p=.08) corroborates divergent validity. CSLS total scores increase significantly with increasing number of IPTM attended, higher ITE and higher TMS scores (p<.05), indicating concurrent validity. CSLS total and factor scores, with the exception of factor 3, predicted satisfaction outcomes. Conclusion: The CSLS is a reliable and valid measure to assess shared leadership in interprofessional team meetings. The third factor, hierarchical structure, merits further study.
How to review a medical curriculum
Authors:   University of Tasmania, Australia, Hays Richard
Published: September 2018

A curriculum is an important component of a medical program because it is the source of information that learners, teachers and external stakeholders use to understand what learners will experience on their journey to recognition as a medical graduate. While many focus on and debate the content of a medical curriculum, with some suggestions that there should be national curricula for each jurisdiction or even a global curriculum for all medical programs, the curriculum content is only one factor to consider when designing, revising or accrediting a curriculum. Just as important are the alignment with the program’s mission and health workforce needs, the presence of agreed graduate outcomes, the theoretical bases of the curriculum, the prior learning of commencing students, the curriculum implementation models, the assessment of student progress and program evaluation processes. This paper presents a framework for this more holistic approach to reviewing a curriculum, proposing triangulation of information from several sources – documents, websites, learners, teachers and employers – and considering several accreditation standards that impact on curriculum design and delivery.
MABAC: Pemilihan Penerima Bantuan Rastra Menggunakan Metode MultiAttributive Border Approximation Area Comparison
Authors: Hondro Rivalri Kristianto
Published: September 2018

Bantuan Rastra merupakan program pemerintah yang diberikan kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan ketahanan pangan dalam rumah tangga, mengatasi kemiskinan dan sekaligus memberikan perlindungan sosial kepada masyarakat yang tidak mampu. Pemilihan penerima bantuan rastra sudah menjadi tugas perangkat desa memilih siapa saja layak untuk mendapatkan bantuan rastra. Mendukung keputusan pemilihan penerima bantuan rastra yang sifatnya multi alternative maka diperlukan metode pendukung keputusan. Metode MABAC adalah salah satu metode pendukung keputusan yang jenis keputusannya multi alternative, metode ini dapat membantu proses pengambilan keputusan pemilihan bantuan rastra dengan optimal. MABAC merupakan metode perbandingan multikriteria. Metode ini dipilih karena, metode ini menyediakan stabil (konsisten) solusi dan handal untuk pengambilan keputusan rasional, dibandingkan dengan metode lain multi-kriteria pengambilan keputusan (SAW, COPRAS, Moora, TOPSIS dan VI-KOR). Menerapkan metode MABAC dalam proses pendukung keputusan pemilihan penerimaan bantuan ranstra, metode MABAC memiliki 6 langkah proses yaitu Forming initial decision matrix, Normalization of initial matrix, Calculation of weighted matrix, Determination of border approximate area matrix, Calculation of matrix elements of alternative distance from the border approximate area, Ranking alternatives.
New data on the palaeobiogeography of Early Jurassic marine reptiles: the Toarcian ichthyosaur fauna of the Vocontian Basin (SE France)
Authors: Fischer Valentin , Guiomar Myette , Godefroit Pascal
Published: September 2018

The Vocontian Basin (SE France) was formed along the northwestern border of Teth- ys during Mesozoic times. Mainly known for its rich ammonite fauna, this basin has also yielded several Lower Jurassic ichthyosaurs. The specimens discussed here were discovered in lower Toar- cian limestone and marl successions in the vicinity of Digne-les-Bains, High-Provence Alps. The best-preserved specimen is identified as Suevoleviathan sp., a rare taxon previously reported only in southern Germany. Along with this specimen, premaxillae and paddle elements of Eurhinosaurus sp. and probable Stenopterygiidae centra were found in neighbouring localities. These specimens were preserved thanks to the deposition of soft anoxic marls or calcarodetritic sediments, coeval with other anoxic shales in Europe (the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event or T-OAE), which allows faunal com- parisons between these basins. The localities from the Vocontian Basin are closer to the Tethys than any other sites where identifiable Toarcian ichthyosaurs have been found in Europe. Nevertheless, the Vocontian ichthyosaur assemblage is strikingly similar to those of other basins across Europe. This suggests a wide palaeobiogeographical distribution for Toarcian ichthyosaurs, reflecting their anatomical adaptations as highly mobile swimmers.
A basal thunnosaurian from Iraq reveals disparate phylogenetic origins for Cretaceous ichthyosaurs
Authors: Fischer Valentin , Naish Darren , Liston Jeff , Lol  , Riding James B , Brindley Stephen , Godefroit Pascal
Published: September 2018

Cretaceous ichthyosaurs have typically been considered a small, homo- geneous assemblage sharing a common Late Jurassic ancestor. Their low diversity and disparity have been interpreted as indicative of a decline lead- ing to their Cenomanian extinction. We describe the first post-Triassic ichthyosaur from the Middle East, Malawania anachronus gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous of Iraq, and re-evaluate the evolutionary history of parvipelvian ichthyosaurs via phylogenetic and cladogenesis rate ana- lyses. Malawania represents a basal grade in thunnosaurian evolution that arose during a major Late Triassic radiation event and was previously thought to have gone extinct during the Early Jurassic. Its pectoral mor- phology appears surprisingly archaic, retaining a forefin architecture similar to that of its Early Jurassic relatives. After the initial latest Triassic radiation of early thunnosaurians, two subsequent large radiations pro- duced lineages with Cretaceous representatives, but the radiation events themselves are pre-Cretaceous. Cretaceous ichthyosaurs therefore include distantly related lineages, with contrasting evolutionary histories, and appear more diverse and disparate than previously supposed.
"Thoroughly Reforming Them Towards a Healthy Heart Attitude" - China's Political Re-Education Campaign in Xinjiang
Authors: Zenz Adrian
Published: September 2018

Since spring 2017, the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China has witnessed the emergence of an unprecedented reeducation campaign. According to media and informant reports, untold thousands of Uyghurs and other Muslims have been and are being detained in clandestine political re-education facilities, with major implications for society, local economies and ethnic relations. Considering that the Chinese state is currently denying the very existence of these facilities, this paper investigates publicly available evidence from official sources, including government websites, media reports and other Chinese internet sources. First, it briefly charts the history and present context of political re-education. Second, it looks at the recent evolution of re-education in Xinjiang in the context of ‘de-extremification’ work. Finally, it evaluates detailed empirical evidence pertaining to the present re-education drive. With Xinjiang as the ‘core hub’ of the Belt and Road Initiative, Beijing appears determined to pursue a definitive solution to the Uyghur question.
Politically-Connected Firms and the Military-Clientelist Complex in North Africa
Authors: Kubinec Robert
Published: September 2018

Although much of the theory of authoritarian regimes assumes that the distribution of patronage is necessary to secure a ruler's coalition, it is also true that at times rulers may still survive despite impoverishing influential elites. I argue that what can help dictators maintain elite cohesion is concentrating patronage within institutions capable of controlling access to a broad array of rents. I make this claim based on an original online survey of 2,496 firm managers and employees in Algeria, Egypt and Tunisia in which I randomized the type of offers made by political parties to companies for support in a hypothetical election. I show that Egyptian businesses, who have suffered the most under the authoritarian regime, counter-intuitively are also the most supportive of the country's rulers compared to businesspeople in other Arab countries. The underlying mechanism that best explains these findings is the Egyptian military's dominance in the control of patronage relative to the greater institutional diversity found in other countries.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat Desa Sri Agung untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan dengan introduksi padi hitam di pekarangan
Authors: Duaja Made Deviani , Buhaira Buhaira , Nelyati Nelyati , Kartika Elis
Published: September 2018

Now rice can be planted in the yard, using polybags and SRI Method (one seed per pot). Liquid organic fertilizer based on local microorganism (LOM) which is obtained by fermentation livestock urine and extract of golden snail. This extract is used as biodecomposer to ferment livestock waste into solid and liquid fertilizer. The fertilizer is used for black rice plant in polybag. This technology was applied in Sri Agung village from Sido Rukun and Sido Mukti area, specially for womens from several RT and for agriculture womens association that are active in the utilization of yard. The target is to increase the yield of the yard, previously no rice crops, now exist, at least each pot produced 500 g of dry black rice, 100 liters of liquid organic fertilizer per month and 50 kg of solid fertilizer per two months. The result showed, the level of PKK participation when mentoring is high because from 50 people, 40 people are present in every activity. Evaluation showed there are high farmer participation in land preparation and demonstration of RINMAS technology and low level farmers participation in implementation SRI method. It is recommended to planting rice on the yard.
Trade and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in western Nepal
Authors: Pyakurel Dipesh , Bhattarai Sharma Indira , Ghimire Suresh Kumar
Published: September 2018

This paper quantifies the volume and value of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) traded from Baitadi district in western Nepal. Information related to trade, in the Fiscal Year 2014/015, was collected through pre-tested structured questionnaire. Harvesters (n = 24) and the entire population of sub-local (n = 35) and local (n = 7) traders were interviewed to quantify the value and volume of MAP trade from the district. Results showed that 15.2% households were engaged in harvesting of MAPs for trade, contributing 9.5% of the total cash income giving an impression that MAPs provide supplementary source of income. A total of 731.5 tons of MAPs, comprising 17 products (from 17 species) with total value of NRs 31.3 million (US$ 315,175) was traded from the district. Rittha (Sapindus mukorossi), tejpat (Cinnamomum tamala) and pakhanved (Bergenia ciliata) were traded in higher amounts, representing 356.5, 171.0 and 70.0 tons, respectively. The cumulative value of trade was highest for satuwa (Paris polyphylla) with NRs 7.7 million. Nepalgunj is the favoured ‘transit’ city for the export of MAPs to India accounting for more than 82% of MAPs sourced from Baitadi. Satuwa has been identified as the most vulnerable species mainly due to premature and over-harvesting in response to high price and growing regional demand coupled with slow growth and high habitat specificity that may results in impaired population growth, thus demanding a detailed bio-physical studies. The study finds that strict regulatory mechanism like ban proves to be less effective in species conservation and suggest adopting alternative management strategies.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2017) 11: 27–37
Comparative study of macrofungi in different patches of Boshan Community Forest in Kathmandu, Central Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Bhawani , Jha Sanjay Kumar
Published: September 2018

Macrofungi are considered as a group of high-value forest resources worldwide. In this paper, we report species richness and composition of macrofungi in three different forest patches (Schima-Castanopsis, Pinus and Alnus forest) of mid-hill, central Nepal, which were managed under Boshan Community Forest. A Systematic random sampling was applied where 20 rectangular plots of size 10 m x 10 m were laid at 1500 m to 1600 m elevation in each forest type. Species richness and composition of macrofungi were accessed in each forest type. Schima-Castanopsis forest was the richest in terms of macrofungal diversity (70 species), followed by Alnus forest (64) and Pinus forest (56). Polyporaceae was the largest family, followed by Amanitaceae. Agaricales (Rusulla and Amanita) were dominant in Schima-wallichi and Alnus forests, whereas Boletales were dominant in Pine forest. Macrofungal species richness increased with increasing canopy, soil moisture and soil pH. The species richness, however, had weak relationships with litter cover and disturbance. Based on the present study it can be concluded that the study area is rich in macrofungal diversity. Moist soil followed by litter and decaying wood assist the higher diversity of macrofungi. Species diversity is higher in moist and dense canopy forests (like, Schima-Castanopsis and alder) than in open and dry pine forest. Soil moisture, soil pH and tree canopy cover are the most important variables affecting macrofungal diversity. Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2017) 11: 43–48
The influence of soil conditioner „Herbafertil“ on the growth and development of amur maple (Acer tataricum L. ssp. ginnala Maxim.) in a nursery trial
Authors: Ognjenović Mladen , Čehulić Ivica , Potočić Nenad , Seletković Ivan , Laslo Anamarija , Križanec Maja , Kaliger Ante
Published: September 2018

Prilikom sadnje stabala u urbanom okruženju često postoji potreba za popravljanjem kvalitete tla, što se može postići primjenom mineralnih gnojiva (utjecaj na kemijska svojstva tla) ili poboljšivača tla (utjecaj na kemijska i fizikalna svojstva tla). Kineski javor (Acer tataricum L. ssp. ginnala Maxim.) je listopadni grm ili niže stablo zanimljivo za uporabu u hortikulturi zbog atraktivne boje lišća, otpornosti na sušu i patogene, te dobrog podnošenja onečišćenja. Istraživanje je provedeno radi testiranja utjecaja poboljšivača tla „Herbafertil“ na prirast i stanje ishrane sadnica kineskog javora u usporedbi s klasičnom gnojidbom kompleksnim mineralnim gnojivom u poljskom pokusu. Pokus je postavljen kao slučajni blok dizajn s tri tretiranja i četiri ponavljanja. Najveći postotak visinskog prirasta ostvaren je kod tretiranja Herbafertilom, a najveća vrijednost postotka debljinskog prirasta utvrđena je u tretiranju Yara Mila Complex gnojivom. U oba ta tretiranja postignute su adekvatne koncentracije dušika u biljnom materijalu, ali uz neravnotežu prema ostalim biogenim elementima, što posebice vrijedi za tretiranje Herbafertilom.