bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community Conversations on Inclusive Higher Education for Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Bumble Jennifer L. , Carter Erik W. , Bethune Lauren K. , Day Tammy , McMillan Elise D.
Published: June 2018

Amid rapid growth in the higher education movement, access to inclusive higher education for students with intellectual disability (ID) remains limited. This study used “community conversations” to explore how stakeholders in three communities envisioned the inclusion of students with ID on their local college campus and the supports needed to launch new postsecondary programs. Conceptualizations of inclusion extended beyond the experiences students might have and addressed skill development, training and supports, campus and community attitudes, and potential partnerships. Stakeholders identified a constellation of people and resources needed to support successful college experiences. We offer recommendations aimed at spurring inclusive higher education experiences and highlight community conversations as a promising approach for informing the initial movements of local planning teams.
One Pulmonary Lesion, 2 Synchronous Malignancies
Authors: Aqeel Masooma , Uysal-Biggs Nevin , Fenske Timothy S. , Rao Nagarjun
Published: June 2018

Introduction. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) comprises approximately 3% to 10% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although there is an increased risk for secondary malignancies after treatment among non-Hodgkin lymphomas survivors, a synchronous diagnosis of primary lung cancer arising in conjunction with lymphoma at the same site has rarely been reported. We report an unusual case of primary lung adenocarcinoma with coexistent MCL within the same lung lesion. Case Presentation. A 55-year-old female with newly diagnosed stage IV-B MCL was referred for workup of a right upper lobe cavitary lesion detected during lymphoma staging. A whole-body positron-emission tomography-computed tomography scan revealed diffuse adenopathy but also identified a cavitary right upper lobe lesion atypical for lymphoma. Bronchoscopy was unremarkable with cytology (on lavage) negative for malignancy. At 2 months, a computed tomography scan of the chest showed a persistent lesion. A video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a lepidic predominant, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (stage T1a) and foci of lymphoid infiltrate within and adjacent to the adenocarcinoma consistent with lung involvement by MCL. Discussion. Synchronous presentation of primary lung adenocarcinoma and lymphoma at a single site is exceedingly rare. Nonresolving pulmonary lesions with features atypical for lymphoma should be viewed with caution and worked up comprehensively to rule out occult second malignancies, in order to guide a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Skeletal maturity as injury risk factor in adolescent elite track and field athletes
Authors: Martínez Silván Daniel , Johnson Amanda , Tramullas Antonio
Published: June 2018

Objectives:

To establish skeletal age and maturity status in highly trained adolescent track and field athletes and to investigate the relationship between maturation status and different type of injuries.

Methods:

72 adolescent track and field athletes from different athletic disciplines (long distance n=15, sprints n=16, jumps n=10, throws n=12, combined events n=9, non-specialized n=10) belonging to an elite sport academy full time between 2013 and 2016 were selected for the study. An electronic medical record for musculoskeletal injuries was designed according to international standards for athletics, and skeletal age and maturity status were determined at the beginning of each season using FELS method, athletes being defined as early matures (EM), late matures (LM) or normo-matures (Norm) according to the difference between chronological and skeletal age.

Results:

A total number of 195 injuries with an incidence of 7 injuries per 1000 h of training exposure were recorded in 72 athletes (15±1.7y, 169.5±9.9 cm, 61.4±17.9 kg, 215±64 training hours per season). A vast majority of athletes were early mature (EM=78%, Norm= 12%, LM= 10%). 98% of athletes in jumps, sprints, throws and combined events were EM, while a predominance of Norm (40%) and LM (40%) athletes was observed in the long distance group. A larger overuse injury incidence was observed in LM (4.1 inj/1000 h) and Norm (5.1 inj/1000 h) compared to early mature athletes (2.8 inj/1000 h). Apophysitis was the most common overuse injury, being significantly associated to maturation status (LM=4.1 inj/1000 h, Norm= 2.6 inj/1000 h, EM= 0.9 inj/1000 h; p<0.01), and long distance athletes the ones with a larger number of this kind of injuries (61%), and also with a larger training exposure (260 h per season).

Conclusion:

A predominance of late mature athletes was observed in long distance runners compared to all the other disciplines, and the risk of overuse injuries might increase when late mature athletes are exposed to large amounts of training during adolescence. Adapting training to maturation status and not to chronological age classical categories might reduce injury risk in adolescent track and field athletes.
HOP TEST AS A TOOL FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION OF INJURIES IN FOOTBALLERS DURING PRESEASON
Authors: García-Bol F , Posada-Franco V , Roldán-Valero A , Del Caño-Espinel R
Published: June 2018

Hop Tests (unipodal horizontal jumps) have been recommended as one of the reliable assessment tests when allowing a return to competition for a sportsperson after an anterior cruciate ligament injury1,2,3,4. Currently, comparison is made of the results with the contralateral limb through the symmetry index, a method which might not provide sufficient security upon the return to competitive sport5. Hop tests can be used in preseason to gain reference values prior to a possible injury.

The objective of this review is to analise the scientific literature such as the F-Marc6 (reference manual of FIFA) to confirm whether include said tests in preseason for football teams.

A search was conducted in the Pubmed y Cochrane databases (17/04/17) with the search terms “Hop Test”, “Football”, “Soccer”, and “Preseason”. Articles in English and Spanish were both accepted. Articles excluded were those that did not make reference to the knee, to football, and those that did not conduct tests during preseason. From a total of 33 articles, 4 with these search criteria were included, 5 articles were added trough the bibliography of other studies, and the F-Marc manual was analised.

4 of the articles used the hop tests in preseason for some type of study, of which 3 were used as part of a prospective assessment for the season. On the other hand, the F-Marc does not consider Hop Tests as an assessment test.

Hop tests were not found to be used in preseason as reference values prior to possible future injuries, data which could be beneficial for a safe return to sport.

Harris J, Abrams G, Bach B, Williams D, Heidloff D, Bush-Joseph C, Verma N, Forsythe B, Cole B. Return to Sport After ACL Reconstruction. ORTHOPEDICS. 2014; 37: e103-e108. Barber-Westin SD, Noyes FR. Factors used to determine return to unrestricted sports activities after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. 2011 Dec;27(12):1697-705. Thomeé R, Kaplan Y, Kvist J, Myklebust G, Risberg MA, Theisen D, Tsepis E, Werner S, Wondrasch B, Witvrouw E. Muscle strength and hop performance criteria prior to return to sports after ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011 Nov;19(11):1798-805. Bolgla LA, Keskula DR. Reliability of lower extremity functional performance tests. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1997 Sep;26(3):138-42. Wellsandt E, Failla MJ, Snyder-Mackler L. Limb Symmetry Indexes Can Overestimate Knee Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Mar 29:1-18. F-MARC. Football Medicine Manual. 2nd Edition. Available from: http://f-marc.com . 2017.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CLAVICULAR FRACTURES IN SPORT
Authors: Gastaldi Orquin E , Gastaldi Llorens GM
Published: June 2018

Clavicular fractures are common in sport practice, they are easily diagnosed and have a relative good forecast. Nevertheless there is no consensus among orthopedic surgeons regarding treatment for displaced midle-third clavicular fractures (Robinson’s classification 2B2) and lateral-third fractures.

The tendency toward operative treatment is increasing due to the earlier sport recovery.

Objectives:

The aim of the paper is to present the results of treatment of 98 clavicular fractures in the Clinic Gastaldi of Traumatology during the period from 1997 to 2016, analyzing the radiologic and clinical results.

Methods:

The serie consists of 89 patients, 80 males and 9 females, average age 32.2 years. From them, 89 were agude fractures and 9 nonunion (after conservative treatment). According to the Thomsom classification there were 82 middle-third and 16 lateral-third. Motorbike sport trauma was the cause of 49 patients (55%), bike trauma in 18 (20%), 18 (20%) fractures occurred due to contact sports and 3 other causes. All patients were surgically treated. We used an antero-superior approach, open reduction and internal fixation with antero-superior plate osteosynthesis. In case of nonunion we decorticated the fracture callus, adding intramedullary reaming and graft bone. PRP (Platelet Rich-Plasma) was used in 8/9 patients. Postoperatively, the patients were placed in a sling. After that they began a rehabilitation program that consists of isometrics, pendular and active movements until 45° during 3 weeks. From 4th to 6th week, active movements until 90°. The patients began free movements after the 6th week.

Results:

Fracture healing mean was 10 weeks. Bikes and motorbikes were able to ride again between 10 to 21 days after surgery (once removed stitches). All patients retrieved full shoulder range of motion and returned to their previous activity level. Complications: we had no nonunion rates after surgical treatment, neither infections. 1 case of insufficient plate fixation and 4 re-fractures which required surgical treatment.

Conclusion:

We suggest surgical treatment for clavicular fractures in adult patients, contact sports with IIB and IIIB fractures, re-fractures and painful nonunion. Surgical treatment with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of displaced middle-third clavicular fractures achieved shorter time to complete return to sport and earlier bone union.
SINCROBOX® as a method to improve shoulder’s function in mastectomized women
Authors: Espejo-Reina A , Becerra E , Candel R , Cerezo MV , Martin R , Meza H , Santiago C , Navarro A
Published: June 2018

Objectives:

To asses the effect of a sports discipline called SINCROBOX® (consisting in stationary biking coordinated with different arm exercises, namely grip strength, light weightlifts, elastic band stretching, etc) in the functional capacity of mastectomized women’s shoulder.

Methods:

A randomized blinded cohort study was carried out, with 2 groups of mastectomized women (due to breast cancer). The first one (28 patients) was subjected to SINCROBOX® training for three months, while the second one (22 patients) served as control group. Every patient was subjected to physical exam (range of motion measurement of the affected shoulder) and to functional shoulder tests (DASH, Constant, STT and Oxford) before beginning the training and after 3 months of exercise. A Student’s T test was performed for statistical analysis in each group.

Results:

Every variable assessed showed statistically significant advantages in the training group: range of motion increased more than 10° in all directions; SST (+20.9; p<0.001), DASH (-19.8; p<0.001), Constant (+15; p=0.004) and Oxford (+8.6; p< 0.001). There were no differences in the control group, before and after training. No complications were found in both groups.

Conclusion:

SINCROBOX® is a safe sports discipline that has the ability to improve mastectomized women’s shoulder’s functional capacity.
Centralization, neoliberalism, and housing policy central–local government relations and residential development in Israel
Authors: Eshel Sharon , Hananel Ravit
Published: June 2018

In recent decades, many countries have experienced decentralization and neoliberal processes. The literature usually refers to decentralization as an outcome of growing neoliberalism, but are these two processes analytically connected? This study answers the question by examining the relationship between central and local government in Israel in the context of housing policy. It focuses on a housing policy called Heskem Gag (“umbrella agreement”), an agreement between the government and local authorities to rapidly increase the supply of housing units. Whereas Heskem Gag might seem an act of decentralization, in-depth analysis paints a mixed picture: although some terms of the agreement promote fiscal and administrative autonomy, others curb it and have a strong centralizing effect. The study discusses the possibility of a hybrid model of neoliberal centralism, and its problematic ramifications for the interests of local residents, especially the disadvantaged. Although the findings are based on the Israeli case, they are relevant to many countries with a neoliberal economy that have undergone decentralization in recent decades, especially at times of national crises.
“SACCIA Safe Communication”: Five core competencies for safe and high-quality care
Authors: Hannawa Annegret F
Published: June 2018

Background

Communication has emerged as a critical component in delivering safe, high-quality care. The evidence is clear that health outcomes are enhanced when clinicians communicate well, and compromised when they interact poorly. It is important to understand the core aspects of interpersonal sense-making that hinder or foster favorable health outcomes. This study introduces an evidence-based “SACCIA Safe Communication” (Sufficiency, Accuracy, Clarity, Contextualization, Interpersonal Adaptation) framework to fill this gap.

Method

Sixty narratives of patient safety events were coded using qualitative content analysis guided by the “Hannawa SACCIA Safe Communication” framework.

Results

The analyses yielded 367 communication errors. Of these errors, 160 related to unsafe encoding, 92 to unsafe decoding, and 115 to unsafe transactional communication. Sufficiency errors were most frequent (124), followed by communication errors of contextualization (117), accuracy (84), interpersonal adaptation (26), and clarity (16).

Conclusions

The Hannawa SACCIA Safe Communication framework identifies interpersonal communication processes that commonly compromise the safety and quality of care. Narrative excerpts from the cases in this study exemplify what these processes look like in daily care encounters. The framework bridges across contexts and interpersonal settings. Furthermore, it explains various types of patient safety events (e.g. patient falls; unsafe handoffs or surgeries; diagnostic and medication errors). Therefore, it serves as a useful approach to describe and understand interpersonal communication as a critical factor in the provision of safe and high-quality care.
Stroke Care in Sri Lanka: The Way We Were, the Way We Are, and the Way Forward
Authors: Ranawaka Udaya K.
Published: June 2018

Sri Lanka is a lower-middle–income country with a high Human Development Index. Stroke is a primary cause of death and disability in the country, and demographic and epidemiological transitions are likely to lead to a large increase in the burden of stroke. Although impressive health indicators have been achieved due to an excellent primary health-care structure, Sri Lanka has been slow to develop and expand modern stroke care. A majority of the patients with acute strokes are treated in state-sector hospitals where facilities for state-of-the-art acute stroke care are limited. Neurologists are low in number, and general physicians provide acute stroke care for most of the patients. Epidemiological data on stroke in Sri Lanka are scarce. Previous studies have shown low quality of stroke care and significant gaps in stroke awareness. Noteworthy gains have been made since the turn of the century, and recent trends in development of stroke care are promising. There is a clear need to improve manpower, infrastructure, and training that will lead to improvements in the existing services in terms of acute care, rehabilitation, and community support. More research data are needed to guide strategies to minimize the burden of stroke, and more concerted efforts are needed to make stroke care in Sri Lanka ready to face the challenges of the 21st century.
Vonoprazan-based triple therapy is non-inferior to susceptibility-guided proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Yoshino Keiichi , Ando Katsuyoshi , Nomura Yoshiki , Ohta Katsuhisa , Satoh Kiichi , Ichiishi Eiichiro , Ishizuka Akiei , Otake Takaaki , Kohgo Yutaka , Fujiya Mikihiro , Okumura Toshikatsu
Published: June 2018

Background

All Helicobacter pylori-infected patients are recommended for eradication with an appropriate regimen in each geographic area. The choice of the therapy is somewhat dependent on the antimicrobial susceptibility. The rate of clarithromycin resistance has been increasing and is associated with failure; thus, susceptibility testing is recommended before triple therapy with clarithromycin. However, antimicrobial susceptibility testing is not yet clinically available and an alternative newly developed acid inhibitor vonoprazan is used for triple therapy in Japan. The aim of this study was to determine whether vonoprazan-based triple therapy is plausible treatment in H. pylori eradication.

Methods

A retrospective observational study of H. pylori eradication was conducted in a single institute. The patients who requested antimicrobial susceptibility testing were treated with susceptibility-guided proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy in International University of Health and Welfare Hospital from 2013 to 2016. Other patients were treated with empirical treatment with a proton pump inhibitor. From 2015 to 2016, vonoprazan-based triple treatment (vonoprazan, 20 mg; amoxicillin, 750 mg; and clarithromycin, 200 or 400 mg, b.i.d.) was conducted, and its effectiveness was compared with susceptibility-guided proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy. We also investigated the improvement in eradication rate when antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed, and compared the outcomes of vonoprazan-based and proton pump inhibitor-based empirical therapy.

Results

A total of 1355 patients who received first-line eradication treatment were enrolled in the present study. The eradication rates of the empirical proton pump inhibitor-based therapy and the vonoprazan-based therapy group in a per-protocol analysis were 86.3% (95% CI 83.8–88.8) and 97.4% (95% CI 95.7–99.1), respectively. In 212 patients who received antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the rate of clarithromycin resistant was 23.5% and the eradication rate in susceptibility-guided treatment was 95.7% (95% CI 92.9–98.4). The difference between susceptibility-guided and vonoprazan-based therapy was − 1.7% (95% CI − 4.9 to 1.5%), and the non-inferiority of vonoprazan-based triple therapy was confirmed.

Conclusions

Vonoprazan-based triple therapy was effective as susceptibility-guided triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. An empirical triple therapy with vonoprazan is preferable even in area with high rates of clarithromycin-resistance.

Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered in University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000032351)
Changes in foot pain, structure and function following bariatric surgery
Authors: Walsh Tom P. , Gill Tiffany K. , Evans Angela M. , Yaxley Alison , Chisholm Jacob A. , Kow Lilian , Arnold John B. , Shanahan E. Michael
Published: June 2018

Background

Bariatric surgery candidates have a high prevalence of foot pain, depression and elevated plantar pressures. There is, however, limited research into how these factors interact pre‐ and post‐surgery. The aims of this study were therefore to investigate the mechanical and non‐mechanical factors associated with foot pain severity before, and the change after, surgery.

Methods

Bariatric surgery candidates underwent baseline and six‐month follow‐up measures. Foot pain was measured with the Manchester‐Oxford Foot Questionnaire. Mechanical measures included body mass index (BMI), dynamic plantar pressures, radiographic foot posture, and hindfoot range of motion. Depressive symptoms, the non‐mechanical measure, were assessed by questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine which variables were associated with foot pain at baseline and at follow‐up. Multilevel repeated models assessed the associations between foot pain and plantar pressure, adjusting for the interaction between group and follow‐up time.

Results

Forty‐five participants (84% female), with mean (SD) age of 45.7 (9.4) years were recruited. Twenty‐nine participants had bariatric surgery and 16 participants remained on the waiting list (controls). Following bariatric surgery, foot pain reduced significantly by ‐ 35.7 points (95% CI ‐42.2 to ‐ 28.8), while depressive symptoms and whole foot peak pressures had a significant mean change of ‐ 5.9 points (95% CI ‐10.3 to ‐ 1.5) and ‐ 36 kPa (95% CI ‐50 to ‐ 22), respectively. In multivariable analysis, depressive symptoms were associated with foot pain at baseline β = 0.7 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.2) after controlling for age, gender, BMI, foot posture and plantar pressure. Depressive symptoms were also associated with foot pain at follow‐up in those undergoing bariatric surgery, β = 1.2 (95% CI 0.8 to 1.7). Foot posture and hindfoot range of motion did not change following surgery and a change in plantar pressures was not associated with a change in foot pain.

Conclusions

Foot pain severity in bariatric surgery candidates was associated with depressive symptoms at baseline. Reduced foot pain following bariatric surgery was associated with an improvement in depressive symptoms, without a significant change in foot posture or foot function. Foot pain severity in bariatric candidates may be mediated by non‐mechanical or non‐local factors before and following surgery.
Prevalence of needle stick injury and its associated factors among nurses working in public hospitals of Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia, 2016
Authors: Kebede Awoke , Gerensea Hadgu
Published: June 2018

Objective

Nurses are exposed to dangerous and deadly blood borne pathogens through contaminated needle stick injuries. This study was designed to assess prevalence of needle stick injury and its associated factors among nurses working in hospitals. Institution-based cross-sectional study design was used among 258 randomly selected nurses. Collected data was entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and transferred to SPSS Version 20.0 for analysis. The degree of variables were assessed using adjusted odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval with P value (< 0.05).

Results

Eighty-nine (34.5%) nurses self-reported receiving a needle stick injury in the previous 12 months. Work experience, working hour, personal protective, infection prevention guide line utilization and infection prevention training were significantly associated to needle stick injury.

Conclusions

The needle stick injury in this study area was prevalent. The contributing factors to the injury were duration of working hours, experience, use of personal protective equipment and training.
Exploring Postsecondary Biology Educators’ Planning for Teaching to Advance Meaningful Education Improvement Initiatives
Authors: Bouwma-Gearhart Jana L. , Ivanovitch John D. , Aster Ellen M. , Bouwma Andrew M.
Published: June 2018

This paper attends to challenges for postsecondary science education improvement initiatives, notably understanding and responding to the realities guiding educators’ teaching practices. We explored 16 postsecondary biology educators’ instructional planning, providing novel insights into why educators select certain strategies over others, including lecturing. Our findings point to an array of factors that educators consider, factors that we believe push against the lecture versus active-learning dichotomy that we hear in some improvement rhetoric. We recommend professional development experiences (including peer evaluations of teaching) wherein educators and other proponents for teaching improvements explicitly explore rationales for teaching, including educators’ considerations of the nature of the discipline (content and concepts and skills and processes) and students’ needs. Educators with less experience with content were more likely to seek out additional instructional resources during planning, including other educators. Given this, teaching improvement proponents may want to offer professional development activities that sync with periodic and planned teaching assignments that take educators out of their disciplinary knowledge comfort zone. Disciplinary colleagues might serve as exemplars of planning and implementing teaching strategies that both convey foundational content and processes and engage students via evidence-based practices.
The Lecture Machine: A Cultural Evolutionary Model of Pedagogy in Higher Education
Authors: Grunspan Daniel Z. , Kline Michelle Ann , Brownell Sara E.
Published: June 2018

The benefits of student-centered active-learning approaches are well established, but this evidence has not directly translated into instructors adopting these evidence-based methods in higher education. To date, promoting and sustaining pedagogical change through different initiatives has proven difficult, but research on pedagogical change is advancing. To this end, we examine pedagogical behaviors through a cultural evolutionary model that stresses the global nature of the issue, the generational time that change requires, and complications introduced by academic career trajectories. We first provide an introduction to cultural evolutionary theory before describing our model, which focuses on how cultural transmission processes and selection events at different career phases shape not only who teaches in higher education, but also how they choose to teach. We leverage our model to make suggestions for expediting change in higher education. This includes reforming pedagogy in departments that produce PhD students with the greatest chance of obtaining tenure-track positions.
Face-to-Face and Internet-Based Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Compared With Treatment as Usual in Reducing Psychological Distress in Patients With Cancer: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Compen Félix , Bisseling Else , Schellekens Melanie , Donders Rogier , Carlson Linda , van der Lee Marije , Speckens Anne
Published: June 2018

Purpose

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to alleviate psychological distress in patients with cancer. However, patients experience barriers to participating in face-to-face MBCT. Individual Internet-based MBCT (eMBCT) could be an alternative. The study aim was to compare MBCT and eMBCT with treatment as usual (TAU) for psychological distress in patients with cancer.

Patients and Methods

We obtained ethical and safety approval to include 245 patients with cancer with psychological distress (≥ 11 on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) in the study. They were randomly allocated to MBCT (n = 77), eMBCT (n = 90), or TAU (n = 78). Patients completed baseline (T0) and postintervention (T1) assessments. The primary outcome was psychological distress on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Secondary outcomes were psychiatric diagnosis, fear of cancer recurrence, rumination, health-related quality of life, mindfulness skills, and positive mental health. Continuous outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed modeling on the intention-to-treat sample. Because both interventions were compared with TAU, the type I error rate was set at P < .025.

Results

Compared with TAU, patients reported significantly less psychological distress after both MBCT (Cohen’s d, .45; P < .001) and eMBCT (Cohen’s d, .71; P < .001) . In addition, post-treatment prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis was lower with both MBCT (33% improvement; P = .030) and eMBCT (29% improvement; P = .076) in comparison with TAU (16%), but these changes were not statistically significant. Both interventions reduced fear of cancer recurrence and rumination, and increased mental health–related quality of life, mindfulness skills, and positive mental health compared with TAU (all Ps < .025). Physical health–related quality of life did not improve ( P = .343).

Conclusion

Compared with TAU, MBCT and eMBCT were similarly effective in reducing psychological distress in a sample of distressed heterogeneous patients with cancer.
Through a Distant Mirror: Reflections, Projections, and the Multiple Logics of Cross-national Comparisons
Authors: Schlesinger Mark
Published: June 2018

Scholars have long recognized the importance of comparisons for envisioning, formulating, and implementing new public policies. But cross-national comparisons of health systems and policies can prove challenging—sometimes potentially misleading—unless one carefully attends to the nature of comparative reasoning and the inferences that it allows. This article explores the distinctive logics of two forms of comparison: analogies and metaphors. Each offers potentially important insights regarding the performance of the US health care system and appropriate aspirations for American health policy. But they do so in very different ways, each form of comparison singling out particular other countries, policies, and health outcomes as the most appropriate or meaningful comparators. These patterns are illustrated with examples drawn from the articles and commentaries in this special issue. These explorations of comparative reasoning also highlight some gaps in the topics addressed in these other contributions—gaps that merit attention in future research.
Weakly electric fish distinguish between envelope stimuli arising from different behavioral contexts
Authors: Thomas Rhalena A. , Metzen Michael G. , Chacron Maurice J.
Published: June 2018

Understanding how sensory information is processed by the brain in order to give rise to behavior remains poorly understood in general. Here we investigated the behavioral responses of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus albifrons to stimuli arising from different contexts, by measuring changes in the electric organ discharge (EOD) frequency. Specifically, we focused on envelopes, which can arise either due to movement (i.e., motion envelopes) or because of interactions between the electric fields of three of more fish (i.e., social envelopes). Overall, we found that the animal's EOD frequency effectively tracked the detailed timecourse of both motion and social envelopes. In general, behavioral sensitivity (i.e., gain) decreased while phase lag increased with increasing envelope and carrier frequency. However, changes in gain and phase lag as a function of changes in carrier frequency were more prominent for motion than for social envelopes in general. Importantly, we compared behavioral responses to motion and social envelopes with similar characteristics. While behavioral sensitivities were similar, we observed an increased response lag for social envelopes primarily for low carrier frequencies. Thus, our results imply that the organism can, based on behavioral responses, distinguish envelope stimuli resulting from movement from those that instead result from social interactions. We discuss the implications of our results for neural coding of envelopes and propose that behavioral responses to motion and social envelopes are mediated by different neural circuits in the brain.
UMATracker: an intuitive image-based tracking platform
Authors: Yamanaka Osamu , Takeuchi Rito
Published: June 2018

Image-based tracking software are regarded as valuable tools in collective animal behaviour studies. For such operations, image-pre-processing is a pre-requisite, and the users are required to build an appropriate image processing pipeline for extracting the shape of animals. Even if the users successfully design an image processing pipeline, unexpected noise in the video frame may significantly reduce the tracking accuracy in the tracking step. To address these issues, we propose UMATracker, which supports flexible image-preprocessing by visual programming, multiple tracking algorithms, and a manual tracking error-correction system. UMATracker employs a visual programming user interface, wherein the user can intuitively design an image processing pipeline. Moreover, the software also enables the user to visualize the effect of image processing. We implement four different tracking algorithms to enable the users to choose the most suitable algorithm. In addition, UMATracker also provides a manual correction tool for identifying and correcting tracking errors.
News or Noise? The Missing Link
Authors: Chahrour Ryan , Jurado Kyle
Published: June 2018

The literature on belief-driven business cycles treats news and noise as distinct representations of agents' beliefs. We prove they are empirically the same. Our result lets us isolate the importance of purely belief-driven fluctuations. Using three prominent estimated models, we show that existing research understates the importance of pure beliefs. We also explain how differences in both economic environment and information structure affect the estimated importance of pure beliefs. (JEL D83, D84, E12, E23, E32)
Consumer Price Search and Platform Design in Internet Commerce
Authors: Dinerstein Michael , Einav Liran , Levin Jonathan , Sundaresan Neel
Published: June 2018

The platform design, the process that helps potential buyers on the internet navigate toward products they may purchase, plays a critical role in reducing search frictions and determining market outcomes. We study a key trade-off associated with two important roles of efficient platform design: guiding consumers to their most desired product while also strengthening seller incentives to lower prices. We use simple theory to illustrate this, and then combine detailed browsing data from eBay and an equilibrium model of consumer search and price competition to quantitatively assess this trade-off in the particular context of a change in eBay's marketplace design. (JEL D12, D44, D83, L81, L86)
A case of osteofibroma on the symphysis mandible in a cow
Authors: YAYLA S , KILIÇ E , ÖZEN H , DAĞ S , BARAN V , AYDIN U
Published: June 2018

Osteofibroma or ossifying fibroma both in human and animals is a rarely seen benign neoplasia. It usually locates on the mandible. Although it is commonly seen in young horses no case reports were described in cattle. In this case report, an osteofibroma located at the symphysis mandible in a cow was described. The tumor mass was reported to grow over in a two-month period to the size of soccer ball. The mass was totally extirpated and histopathological examination was performed. The mass was diagnosed as osteofibroma in microscopic examination.
ΜΙΑ ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΙΣ ΦΙΛΑΡΙΑΚΗΣ ΤΕΝΟΝΤΙΤΙΔΟΣ ΙΠΠΟΥ (ΟΓΚΟΚΕΡΚΩΣΙΣ)
Authors: ΜΑΤΘΑΙΑΚΗΣ Ε. , ΜΑΝΙΑΣ Θ.
Published: June 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
ΠΑΡΟΞΥΣΤΙΚΗ ΑΙΜΟΣΦΑΙΡΙΝΟΥΡΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΟΞΥ ΠΝΕΥΜΟΝΙΚΟΝ ΟΙΔΗΜΑ ΕΙΣ ΜΟΣΧΟΝ ΚΑΤΟΠΙΝ ΠΟΣΕΩΣ ΜΕΓΑΛΗΣ ΠΟΣΟΤΗΤΟΣ ΥΔΑΤΟΣ
Authors: ΠΑΠΑΔΑΝΙΗΛ ΣΩΚΡΑΤΗΣ Κ.
Published: June 2018

NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE
Recent advances on gradient hydrogels in biomimetic cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Gadjanski Ivana
Published: June 2018

Articular cartilage (AC) is a seemingly simple tissue that has only one type of constituting cell and no blood vessels and nerves. In the early days of tissue engineering, cartilage appeared to be an easy and promising target for reconstruction and this was especially motivating because of widespread AC pathologies such as osteoarthritis and frequent sports-induced injuries. However, AC has proven to be anything but simple. Recreating the varying properties of its zonal structure is a challenge that has not yet been fully answered. This caused the shift in tissue engineering strategies toward bioinspired or biomimetic approaches that attempt to mimic and simulate as much as possible the structure and function of the native tissues. Hydrogels, particularly gradient hydrogels, have shown great potential as components of the biomimetic engineering of the cartilaginous tissue.
Modern English literature: traditions and experiment
Authors: Лушникова Галина , Lushnikova Galina , Осадчая Татьяна , Osadchaya Tat'yana
Published: June 2018

The monograph examines the main characteristics of modern English-language literature, presents the results of the analysis of traditional and innovative trends that can be traced with varying degrees of intensity in the works of leading contemporary authors. The texts of literary works act as an object of literary, linguistic and linguoculturological research. The paper gives an overview of the genre originality of modern English-language literature, as well as a detailed analysis of several of the most important genres. The work is intended for a wide range of linguists, literary scholars, cultural experts, postgraduates and students of philological faculties.
Things We Do For No Reason: Blood Cultures for Uncomplicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Children
Authors: Zwemer Eric , Stephens John R.
Published: June 2018

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common pediatric diagnoses in both outpatient and inpatient settings. Blood cultures are frequently obtained for evaluation of SSTIs. Multiple studies have demonstrated that blood cultures rarely demonstrate true pathogenic bacterial growth, and even positive cultures do not change clinical management. Obtaining blood cultures has been associated with increased length of hospital stay. In addition, false‐positive blood cultures may occur and result in repeat blood cultures and increased hospital charges. Clinicians should avoid obtaining blood cultures in pediatric patients with uncomplicated SSTIs but instead should focus on obtaining wound cultures when possible.
Decision Analysis and Political Processes
Authors: French Simon , Argyris Nikolaos
Published: June 2018

Decision analysis has been with us for at least half a century. Over that time, it has developed from a theoretical paradigm for individual rational choice to a practical tool for individuals, small groups, and “unitary” organizations, which helps them toward sound decision making mindful of the behavioural characteristics of individuals and group dynamics. Decision analysis has also shown its worth in the context of stakeholder engagement and public participation. The time is right for it to be more widely used in making societal decisions. However, to achieve that, we need to realize that in many circumstances it will only be one input to the political process that leads to the actual decision. Recognizing that suggests that our community of decision analysts needs to deconstruct our paradigm and attend more to communicating the result of the analysis in comparison with other inputs to the societal decision.
O MODO FANTÁSTICO EM O HOBBIT – (RE)FLUXOS CINEMA/LITERATURA
Authors: Gama Vítor Castelões , Silva Werbson Dos Santos , Biserra Wiliam Alves
Published: June 2018

A literatura é um campo amplo para se discutir sobre diversas temáticas. Ela é possibilitadora de diálogos interessantes com outros campos. Um que a tem acompanhado ultimamente é o cinema. No encontro e desencontro deles gera-se uma tensão às vezes nem sempre simples de ser resolvida – fidelidade ao original, o livro. Tendo isso em mente, o presente artigo procura fomentar essa discussão a partir da adaptação fílmica do livro O Hobbit do escritor J. R. R. Tolkien. O objetivo é perceber como essa tenção se desenrola, sobretudo a partir da concepção literária do autor de que a literatura fantástica bem feita não deve produzir a “suspensão voluntária da descrença”, mas sim, a Crença Secundária.
O ESTADO COMO LEVIATÃ NA VIDA COTIDIANA DO PESCADOR ARTESANAL NA BAÍA DE SEPETIBA
Authors: Vinhas Antonio Lopes Ferreira
Published: June 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo a análise da intervenção do Estado na vida cotidiana do pescador artesanal na Baía de Sepetiba. Usamos a metáfora bíblica, apropriada por Thomas Hobbes do monstro Leviatã para tratar das intervenções do Estado na Baía de Sepetiba, que revela as contradições do capital na vida cotidiana do pescador artesanal. A partir da tríade analítica espaço, cotidiano e ação, podemos compreender como esta intervenção na vida cotidiana do pescador artesanal se realiza além das possibilidades de sobrevivência, que surgem com as microrresistências.
Panorama da ludicidade na poesia visual
Authors: Fernandes Geraldo Augusto
Published: June 2018

A poesia visual tem sido apresentada e comemorada, na maioria das vezes, apenas como recurso ora pictórico, ora gráfico, que o artista escolhe para se manifestar. Através dos tempos, o artifício da visualidade na poesia tem tido objetivos outros que não somente aqueles: nas épocas primevas, tinha sentido religioso e mágico; na Idade Média, sua preocupação passa a ser mais ligada à destreza e agudeza do poeta, para atingir seu ápice no Barroco e no Concretismo. Calcadas na tradição, as carmina figurata têm oferecido ao poeta e ao utente um manancial de possibilidades tanto estéticas como de deleite. Centradas no significante da palavra, a leitura que sobressai dos poemas “em forma de” tem instigado estudos unindo a questão mágico-religiosa à estética.
Por repetições, desvirgulações e parênteses: a dicção cheia em pedra do sono e em o engenheiro, de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Souza Flávia Alves Figueirêdo , Faria Alexandre Graça
Published: June 2018

Este artigo é uma série de reflexões sobre os poemas de Pedra do Sono (1942) e O engenheiro (1943), de João Cabral de Melo Neto, pensados como uma espécie de “eclipse literário” no projeto literário de seu ethos. Detidamente, só é possível vislumbrar como a dinâmica da “dicção seca”, quando analisada a disposição estrutural, morfológica, sintática e semântica de seus versos e estrofes, em favor da relação que há entre o texto estritamente literário e as intervenções de ordem linguística.
Resenha de Os cadernos anatômicos de Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Pappen Paulo Henrique
Published: June 2018

VINCI, Leonardo da. Os cadernos anatômicos de Leonardo da Vinci. Tradução do italiano para o inglês, comentários e introdução: Charles D. O’Malley e J. B. de C. M. Saunders. Tradução para o português de Pedro Carlos Piantino Lemos e Maria Cristina Vilhena Carnevale. Cotia: Ateliê Editorial / Campinas: Editora da UNICAMP, 2012.
Os signos da contradição em Vidas Secas
Authors: Felipe Márcia Da Gama Silva
Published: June 2018

Resumo de dissertação de mestrado
A construção da aquisição e da prática de produção oral na formação docente em FLE
Authors: Fonseca Priscila Rodrigues Cardoso
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho tem por finalidade ser uma pesquisa-ação que objetiva oferecer dispositivos que façam os professores repensarem suas práticas docente. Assim, pretende-se apresentar o processo atual da aquisição e da prática de Produção Oral em docentes de instituições privadas de ensino de Francês como Língua Estrangeira (doravante FLE) do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ademais, há o intuito de identificar e estruturar as principais dificuldades dos professores em seu percurso de formação, tendo como fontes teóricas a Sociolinguística e a didática de ensino de FLE. A coleta de dados dá-se mediante questionários de múltiplas escolhas e aplicação de entrevistas. Esta investigação tem como norte responder às seguintes questões: quais são os principais fatores ligados à aquisição da Produção Oral por parte dos educadores? Qual é o papel da universidade na sua formação? Como é processada a aprendizagem da L.E. no professor? Como esse processo influencia na sua prática?
Tendências globais e locais do ensino-aprendizagem de Inglês na atualidade
Authors: Fonseca Marissol Rodrigues Mendonça da
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo é parte de uma dissertação de mestrado que teve como objetivo compreender um fenômeno ligado ao ensino de inglês no contexto de uma escola pública. Neste artigo, analisamos a conjuntura atual em relação ao status do ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa, em âmbito nacional e global. Para tanto, buscamos compreender qual é o papel dessa língua na atualidade. Por fim, analisamos as tendências para o futuro: quais serão as prováveis transformações que o inglês sofrerá e como essas mudanças impactarão no ensino-aprendizagem da língua.
"Lucíola", de José de Alencar, romance fisiológico: intersecções entre literatura e medicina
Authors: Hernandes Gabriel Queiroz Guimarães
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo visa estudar algumas interseções entre a literatura e a medicina no século XIX por meio do romance Lucíola, de José de Alencar. A partir da classificação de “romance fisiológico”, feita pelo próprio autor, objetiva-se examinar como essa denominação está articulada às concepções médicas do período e como estas se associam à estrutura geral do livro estudado. Por fim, a análise se pautará na relação entre a imagem feminina presente nos perfis do autor com a noção de patologia dos manuais médicos e seu significado social e cultural.
Stuck on the threshold: unsettling silences and lost voices in A map to the door of no return: notes to belonging, by Dionne Brand, and in Sorry, by Gail Jones
Authors: Sant’Anna Fernanda Vieira de
Published: June 2018

When one crosses a door, they have a past and are heading somewhere. But when one is a hybrid, one may feel trapped, as if stuck on a threshold that cannot be crossed. Neither here nor there. As if having a story/history that will never be told, sharing a voice that was silenced forever. This anguish can be found both in A Map to the Door of No Return: Notes to Belonging (2001), by Dionne Brand, and in Sorry (2007), by Gail Jones. Hyphenated people share a silence that will never be broken, a feeling of belonging and non-belonging, of living in eternal “in-between” worlds, with a rupture in history whose blanks cannot be filled in. This research explores the building of the notions of identity and belonging in the works previously mentioned, with theoretical support that includes Shohat (2006), Spivak (2003), Gilroy (2000), Hutcheon (1988), Hall (2006), among others.
Nurse-led education for heart failure patients in developing countries
Authors: Bader Feras , Atallah Bassam , Sadik Ziad G , Tbishat Laith , Gabra Guirgis , Soliman Medhat , Bakr Khalid , Ferrer Richard , Stapleton Judy , Khalil Mohammed
Published: June 2018

Heart failure readmissions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Adequate education on adherence and self-care behaviours can affect readmission rates positively and nurses are at the frontline of patient education. Such education is valuable when establishing heart failure programmes in developing countries, in light of the challenging socioeconomic circumstances in these. This study aimed to evaluate nurses' heart failure knowledge, to assess patients' baseline knowledge, and to evaluate the effectiveness of structured nurse-driven education. Methods: a total of 131 cardiac centre-based nurses and 30 chronic heart failure patients participated in the study in Kuwait. Patients were surveyed a second time 3 to 6 months later, while being followed at an advanced heart failure clinic by dedicated heart failure nurses. Results: the majority of the nurses (80%) had not received heart failure education previously, although they were able to recognise most heart failure symptoms. Significant improvement in patients' knowledge was noted between the initial and follow-up surveys. Conclusion: establishing a dedicated advanced heart failure programme to care for patients in a developing country can result in significant improvement in disease awareness and self-care behaviours when led by well-trained heart failure nurses. More research is needed to determine if these findings are shared by other countries in the Middle-East and other developing countries.