bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling current and future role of agricultural waste in the production of bioethanol for gasoline vehicles
Authors: Badamchi­­zadeh Shahram , Latibari Ahmad Jahan , Tajdini Ajang , Pourmousa Shademan , Lashgari Amir
Published: August 2021

This study addressed the urgent need for biofuels even in countries such as Iran, which has fairly good fossil fuel resources. The problems, necessities of the present, and future demand for biofuels are discussed. As the transportation sector is one of the largest sources of air pollution, this study has focused on this sector. This issue was examined from a global perspective, and then within the context of domestic bioethanol production using agricultural residues and proposing different scenarios. The first step in implementing this policy is the accurate forecast of the demand for second-generation bioethanol in the coming years. A nonlinear auto regressive neural network was applied to predict gasoline demand based on Mackey-Glass chaotic time series. Gasoline demand is forecasted by 2030, based on projected volumes of gasoline in different bioethanol mixture scenarios. Results revealed that using scenarios E10, E15, E25, the volume of bioethanol needed by 2030 will amount to 10.12, 15.16 and 25.31 million L per day which can be produced using agricultural products wastes.
Correlations between rheological behavior and intrinsic properties of nanofibrillated cellulose from wood and soybean hulls with varying lignin content
Authors: Iglesias Maria C. , Hamade Fatima , Aksoy Burak , Jiang Zhihua , Davis Virginia A. , Peresin Maria S.
Published: August 2021

Effects of raw material and chemical composition were considered relative to the intrinsic properties and the rheological behavior of nanofibrillated cellulose aqueous suspensions (CNFs). Atomic force microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, surface chemistry analysis, thermal gravimetrical analysis, and zeta-potential were used to study the morphology, chemical composition, charge density, as well as thermal and colloidal stability of the different CNFs. Regarding the rheological properties of the samples, steady-state and oscillation studies of the CNF aqueous suspensions obtained from wood and soybean hulls were performed. An interesting correlation was found between the rheological behavior of CNF suspensions and their intrinsic properties. Soybean CNF presented lower viscosities than wood samples, which could be related to their morphology and charge density. Additionally, unbleached soybean CNF (sb-LCNF) showed yield stress compared with the other samples, which could be attributed to the presence of pectin. Furthermore, the different chemical compositions between the samples affected their thermal properties, as well as on their crystallinity.
Mechanical behavior of toilet paper perforation
Authors: Vieira Joana C. , Vieira André C. , Mendes António de O. , Carta Ana M. , Fiadeiro Paulo T. , Costa Ana P.
Published: August 2021

Perforation is used in multilayer tissue products, such as toilet and kitchen papers, as part of the converting process. Perforation facilitates the detachment of consecutive sheets by the user. The compromise between the strength required to detach a perforated sheet and the strength required to break a sheet affects the perforation efficiency. In this work, the mechanical behaviors of 15 commercial papers from different European producers were studied. A morphological analysis of the materials was performed, followed by the determination of their perforation efficiency (through tensile tests). A qualitative analysis of the cuts quality, along with a quantitative analysis of the same cuts dimensions was performed through an optical system. Finally, the stress concentration in the holes and the influence of the cuts distance were analyzed using a finite element model implemented in Abaqus/Standard finite element software. The results showed that a cut distance of 2.0 mm should not be used in these types of papers, and the perforation efficiency increased with the cut distance, regardless of the number of plies in the toilet paper. The stress concentration factor was also determined to have a limit value of 0.11. Papers above this limit value tear at the perforation line, as desired.
Radial variation studies on wood properties of Populus deltoides parents and their hybrids
Authors: Shen Hao , Xing Xinyi , Guan Ying , Zhou Liang , Liu Shengquan , Gao Hui
Published: August 2021

The radial variation and the genetic variation of wood properties between the parents and offspring of Populus deltoides were studied in this work. The chemical composition, density, and anatomical characteristics of Populus deltoides cl. ‘Danhong’ and its offspring exhibited the phenomenon of transgressive segregation. The chemical compositions of the parents and offspring were decreased in several attributes (benzene alcohol extract, hemicelluloses, lignin) with the increase of the cambial age. Moreover, the fibre length, fibre width, ratio of fibre length to width, and wall thickness to lumen ratio of parents and offspring were increased with cambial age. In addition, the densities of parents and offspring were increased with the increase of cambial age. There were significant differences in wood properties among Populus deltoides and its hybrids. These results indicated that Populus deltoides cl. ‘Danhong’ could be considered as pulp material and Populus deltoides cl. ‘Nanyang’ as building material. According to the radial variation rule of each material character, the rotation cutting period can be selected as years 7 or 8.
Errata - Revista Teocomunicação v.49 n.1 (2019) - ID 35859
Authors: Periódicos EDIPUCRS
Published: August 2021

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A população em situação de rua no contexto pandêmico
Authors: Da Silva Priscilla Coronel , Gomes Angela Quintanilha
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho analisou a crise do atual estado brasileiro referente às políticas sociais de saúde e de assistência social que atendem à população em situação de rua na atual conjuntura do Brasil. Através da abordagem metodológica descritiva, foram investigados os principais conceitos do tema mediante revisãobibliográfica para compreender que a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil expôs uma situação bastante complexa e ineficiente das políticas sociais de atenção e proteção a esse segmento social.
A questão da moral na política internacional
Authors: Jung João Henrique Salles
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho visa analisar como é tratada a questão da moral na política internacional. Busca-se na filosofia moral um debate que pode ser absorvido nas Relações Internacionais, tomando Kant e Nietzsche enquanto os principais interlocutores das possibilidades da moral enquanto horizonte normativo. O antagonismo entre os dois alemães reflete as oposições que o tema da moral suscita dentro da teorização do internacional, fenômeno que, visível desde o primeiro debate teórico das Relações Internacionais, promove ainda hoje discussões sobre como a moral pode ser incorporada na política internacional. Assume-se, por fim, uma posição alicerçada na Teoria Crítica sobre a necessidade normativa de estabelecer nas Relações Internacionais uma crítica imanente da moral.
Legitimidade e discurso político
Authors: Bustamante João Francisco Cortes
Published: August 2021

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão de como a legitimidade é examinada pela Escola Inglesa das Relações Internacionais. Ao partir de uma noção de sociedade internacional dada como uma sociedade de Estados, a legitimidade insere-se na ordem internacional por meio de um vínculo entre Estado, direito e moral. O discurso político coloca-se como expressão do Estado na ordem internacional como meio para corroborar a legitimidade ou a formação de uma legitimidade sobre interesses ou valores comuns. Para isso, se compreende o discurso político como manifestação da palavra do Estado de modo oficial nas temáticas das Relações Internacionais. O discurso político centraliza-se na proposta da teoria política de Hannah Arendt como possibilidade analítica de emergir uma tensão entre legitimidade e discurso político. O método é analítico-crítico, e o artigo objetiva apresentar como o discurso político é relevante para o entendimento de legitimidade e examinar as consequências para a ordem internacional.
Tecnodiversidade, de Yuk Hui
Authors: Santana Gabriela Berghahn , Da Silveira Marthina Borghetti Rosa
Published: August 2021

A presente resenha tem como objetivo apresentar o novo livro de Yuk Hui, Tecnodiversidade. Nessa obra, o filósofo da tecnologia defende o desenvolvimento de um novo pensamento reflexivo, em torno da tecnologia a partir da localidade. A tecnodiversidade é pensada como o caminho para a construção de uma nova era, que daria fim à globalização unilateral e ao avanço tecnológico dependente do europeu, consequências do paradigma iluminista.
Optimal drying conditions for valorization of industrial apple pomace: Potential source of food bioactive compounds
Authors: Gonelimali Faraja Deo , Szabó-Nótin Beatrix , Máté Mónika
Published: August 2021

Apple pomace contains a large amount of useful bioactive compounds that have wide application in the food industry. In this study the effect of drying temperature and pressure (high temperature 80 °C and low temperature 60 °C using a conventional oven and a combination of conventional plus vacuum drying oven) on the antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds of apple pomace extract was investigated. For a combination of conventional and vacuum drying ovens, samples were first dried by a conventional oven to a moisture content of approximately 10% then vacuum dried to reach a final moisture content of 3–4%. After the drying processes, ethanolic extraction was performed and the amount of total polyphenol and the antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were evaluated to determine a best drying method. The drying curves were also determined. The drying temperature affects the duration of the drying, the rate of water loss, and the remaining amount of antioxidant compounds.
Paleogene granite magmatism in the north of the Truong Son belt and implication for crustal evolution
Authors: Trinh Dinh Huan , Luu Cong Tri , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Tran Viet Anh , Phan Hoang Giang , Takahashi  , Saadsy
Published: August 2021

Abundant granitoids aged 24.59 Ma to 28.62 Ma were exposed along Phu Hoat high metamorphic zone, northern of the Truong Son belt, termed Na Khoun complex in Northern Laos (NL) and Ban Chieng complex in Western Vietnam (WV). Ten granitic samples were collected from these complexes show geochemical characteristics of high SiO2 and K2O contents, medium peraluminous that belong to S-type granites. Initial 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios and εNd(t) are broad values of 0.708507 to 0.74539 and -5.22 to -12.66, respectively, together with high 206Pb/204Pb (18.864-19.392), 207Pb/204Pb (15.736-15.841) and 208Pb/204Pb (39.224-40.080) which indicated crustal origin, we suggest that the NL-WV intrusion was associated with transpression form by the India-Asia collision events during Cenozoic.
Atención Domiciliaria y Pandemia Covid-19: Experiencia Desde Enfermería
Authors:   Grupo Cuidar SAS, Blanco Caviedes Jeimmy Johana , Henao-Castaño Angela María , Ovalle Garzón Martha Esperanza
Published: August 2021

Introducción: La atención domiciliaria busca brindar una solución a los problemas de salud en el domicilio con el apoyo de profesionales, técnicos del área de la salud y la participación de la familia, en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19 se deben ajustar las dinámicas a este nuevo contexto Objetivo: Comprender el significado de la experiencia de enfermería brindando cuidado en atención domiciliaria en época de pandemia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio fenomenológico hermenéutico que incluyó a 15 enfermeros que laboran en una institución de hospitalización domiciliaria. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, se analizó la información y se generaron las categorías que representan la experiencia. Resultados: El análisis fenomenológico arrojó las siguientes categorías existenciales. El distanciamiento social un cambio en la cotidianidad, La prevención del contagio es responsabilidad de todos y desafíos para el paciente y familia en el domicilio. Conclusión: El personal de enfermería debe ser responsable del cumplimento de los protocolos de bioseguridad y por el bien de ellos mismos, sus pacientes y familiares, el trabajo en equipo y la educación permanente con la escucha activa hacen que esta pandemia por la que atraviesa el mundo no deteriore el cuidado de los pacientes que requieren cuidado en los domicilios.
Anatomical description of the skulls of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) by computed tomography
Authors: Araújo J.R. , Rodrigues R.P.S. , Sousa F.C.A. , Moura L.S. , Silva A.B.S. , Pessoa G.T. , Macedo K.V. , Costa F.S. , Leitão K.R.S. , Carvalho P.V.S. , Alves F.R.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical structures of the skulls of peccaries to establish the basis for their clinical study and future preclinical research. Ten skulls of adult peccaries were subjected to tomographic examination. The data obtained were processed via three-dimensional image reconstruction software (3D images). The reconstructions obtained from the neurocranium of the studied specimens allowed the identification and description of the following structures: nasal bone, frontal bone, parietal bones, incisor bone, maxillary bone, zygomatic bone, temporal bone, palatal bone, occipital bone, vomer bone, pterygoid bone, sphenoid bone, paranasal sinuses and orbit. Computed tomography proved to be an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of the skull of this species, allowing the acquisition of anatomical values not yet documented for the species in the literature.
Use of ammonium chloride to prevent urolithiasis in sheep
Authors: Navarro F.C. , Bentin L.A.T. , Bovino F. , Baptista R.S. , Feitosa F.L.F. , Peiró J.R. , Mendes L.C.N.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Urolithiasis has a high incidence among confined sheep. It is multifactorial and may cause economic damage. Our aim was to determine the capacity of urinary acidification using ammonium chloride in sheep. Twenty-five 3-month-old male sheep were confined and randomly divided into three groups; the G200 and G500 groups received 200mg/kg/GW and 500mg/kg/GW of ammonium chloride daily for 56 consecutive days, respectively, whereas the CG group did not receive ammonium chloride. Sampling times and clinical evaluation were performed weekly, starting from the 14th day of confinement (M1 or immediately before administering ammonium chloride) until the 17th day (M9) of the feedlot. Hemogasometry, biochemical examination of serum urea and creatinine concentration and ultrasound evaluation of the urinary tract were performed. The urinalysis indicated a higher incidence of ammonium magnesium phosphate crystals at the beginning of the study, showing a migration to urate crystal formation, mainly in the G500 group because of urinary acidification. No hemogasometric, serum biochemistry, ruminal fluid, or ultrasonographic changes were observed. Urinary acidification was achieved and maintained after M7 during the administration of ammonium chloride in the G500 group, but not in the other study groups.
Management of defoliation in Trifolium vesiculosum S. for the production of seeds
Authors: Araldi D.F. , Boss R. , Machado J.M. , Silveira D.C.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The present study aims to determine the appropriate defoliation management for the production of seeds and forage in arrowleaf clover via trail analysis. The results obtained demonstrated that defoliation practices have a great influence on the composition of seed yield and germination power. In addition, when the goal is the maximum balance between dry matter production and seed yield, this can be achieved in up to two defoliation practices. These results are confirmed by analyzing the positive association between the weight of a thousand seeds and the seed yield. When the third defoliation practice is performed, it negatively correlates with the weight of a thousand seeds, suggesting that, with the increase in defoliation frequency, there is a lower weight of a thousand seeds, and, therefore, lower seed yield. Therefore, management planning in Trifolium vesiculosum Savi that aims at natural reseeding, maximum yield and seed germination must prioritize one to two defoliation practices, aiming to promote favorable conditions for the perennialization of the species. In this context, the trail analysis proved to be a useful tool as a criterion for obtaining the ideal management aiming at the production of seeds and forage in vesicular clover.
Linear modeling analysis using for determining the factors affecting 305-day milk yield
Authors: Genç S. , Mendeş M.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to model the factors affecting the 305-day milk yield of dairy cows by using Automatic Linear Modeling Technique (ALM). The data set of this study consisted of eight different cow breeds grown in eight province of Turkey. Results of ALM showed that the accuracy of the model was 64.2 % means that 64.2% of the variation in the 305-day milk yield could be explained by the constructed model. Created model was consisted of four factors namely the Breed, Lactation Length, Parity, and Province. Therefore, those selected factors were more efficient than the others in predicting the 305-day milk yield
OCCUPATION STRATEGY OF THE ARBOREAL SPECIES Tachigali rubiginosa (MART. EX TUL.) OLIVEIRA-FILHO: EVIDENCE OF FOREST EXPANSION OVER GRASSLAND AREAS.
Authors: Oliveira Maria Cristina de , Silva Letícia Alves Xavier , Aquino Fabiana de Gois
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Understanding the dynamics of forest species occupation in savanna and grasslands environments allows us to assess how forest expansion operates over time. For eleven years, the population dynamics of Tachigali rubiginosa (Mart. ex. Tul.) Oliveira-Filho was registered to evaluate the occupation strategy of this species in the ecotone between forest (Mata de Galeria) and grassland (Campo Sujo), located within the Capetinga stream basin, at Fazenda Água Limpa, Federal District. This area has been protected from wildfires since 1987. This study allocated thirty-one transects of 5 m x 100 m perpendicularly to the Capetinga stream, covering forest and grassland environments. The measurements were taken from adult trees (DBH ≥ 5 cm), young trees (height > 1 m and DBH < 5 cm) and seedlings (height ≤ 1 m and DBH < 5 cm). The results indicated that, in the studied period, the population of T. rubiginosa increased from 179.5 to 262.8 ind / ha. In 2007, of the total of 280 individuals in 1.56 ha, 96 of them were in the forest (0.22 ha), 103 in the ecotone (0.16 ha), and 81 in the grassland (1.18 ha). In 2018, this proportion changed when the number of individuals decreased in the forest (83 individuals), while the number increased in the ecotone (135 individuals) and in the grassland (194 individuals). In 2007, the young trees dominated with 71% of the total, followed by the adults trees (28.5%) and the seedlings (20.7%). In 2018, the young trees represented most individuals (39.2%), but there was a balance between the three size categories, as the seedlings represented 30.0% and adults trees 30.7%. Over the period of the study, there was an increase in the population of T. rubiginosa, especially of young individuals, which indicates persistence over time and an expansion of this forest species into grassland environments.
TREE DAMAGE AND MISTLETOE IMPACT ON URBAN GREEN AREAS
Authors: Alvarado-Rosales Dionicio , Saavedra-Romero Luz de Lourdes
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Green areas in cities provide several benefits to people, however, several biotic and abiotic agents affects the tree’s health. The main goals of this research were to identify tree damages and to assess the impact of mistletoe on dendrometric variables and the crown condition. Four thousand, seven hundred seventy-five trees were evaluated in 16 green areas of eight Mayoralties in Mexico City; each tree was labeled, and total tree height (Th), diameter at breast height (DBH), damage agents (up to three types), and the crown variables: Live crown ratio (Lcr), Crown dieback (Cdie), Mistletoe severity (Ms) and Crown position (Cpo) were recorded. Of the assessed trees, 3318 presented damage. For the type of damage 1, the mistletoes Cladocolea and Struthanthus showed an average incidence of 42%. For type 2, 20 agents and type 3, 11 were identified. Mechanical wounds, sucking insects, vandalism, and cankers were the most common damages. Based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), trees of all diameters and heights were infected, however, Struthanthus was associated with taller and larger diameter trees. Lcr was lower, and Cdie and Ms were higher in infected trees. About Cpo, dominant and codominant trees showed the highest levels of severity by mistletoe. The most affected tree genera were Ulmus and Populus (low Lcr and high Cdie and Ms). Cladocolea was found toward southern Mayoralties, and Struthanthus at the north. It is recommended to assess at least two types of damage on each tree, as this will provide a more complete picture of its health. This is the first study in Mexico on the impact of mistletoe on tree crown variables
Fruit quality of West Indian cherry under saline water irrigation and nitrogen-potassium fertilization
Authors: Lacerda Cassiano N. de , Lima Geovani S. de , Silva Evandro M. da , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Gheyi Hans R. , Soares Lauriane A. dos A.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT The presence of waters with high salt concentration stands out as a limiting factor for the quality of agricultural production. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the fruit quality of West Indian cherry cv. Flor Branca, subjected to irrigation with water of different salinity levels and combinations of nitrogen-potassium fertilization, between 630 and 750 days after transplanting in the field. A randomized block design was used in a 5 × 4 factorial arrangement, with three replicates, whose treatments consisted of five values of electrical conductivies of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1) and four combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (70-50, 100-75, 130-100 and 160-125% of recommendation of N and K2O, respectively). Electrical conductivity of irrigation water above 0.3 dS m-1 reduces the polar and equatorial diameters, hydrogen potential and flavonoid concentration and increases titratable acidity in West Indian cherry fruits. N-K2O combination of 70/50% of fertilizer recommendation reduces the effect of salt stress of irrigation water on the anthocyanin concentration in the fruits at ECw of 1.3 dS m-1 and ascorbic acid at ECw of 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1.
Development of wheat plants coinoculated with rhizobium strains
Authors: Roque Wellington F. , Guimarães Salomão L. , Bonfim-Silva Edna M.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of diaztrophic bacteria coinoculation in wheat cultivars grown in Cerrado Oxisol. A randomized block design was used, with a 13 x 3 factorial scheme and four replicates. The treatments consisted of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (strains AbV5 and AbV6 strains combined) and coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strains SEMIA 5079 and SEMIA 5080 combined, and strain BR3267), as well as Rhizobium tropici (strains MT08 and MT15) and R. leguminosarum (strain MT16) combined or in isolation, tested in wheat cultivars BRS 394, BRS 264 and BRS 254. The variables analyzed were grain nitrogen concentration and accumulation and crude protein content, 100-grain weight and total grain mass. The treatment containing the commercial cowpea inoculant showed a higher total grain mass (5.8766 g). Interaction was observed for grain nitrogen concentration, particularly for A. brasilense + MT 15 (R. tropici) and MT 15 in wheat cultivar BRS 264. Coinoculation with diazotrophic bacteria isolated from leguminous plants shows potential for use in wheat cultivars.
Thermography and physiology of stress in dairy calves in outdoor holding pens covered with geosynthetics
Authors: Campos Jéssica C. D. , Passini Roberta , Nascimento Kaio F. M. do
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the environmental variables, thermal comfort indices and physiological responses of calves in outdoor holding pens shaded with geosynthetics. Twenty crossbred females (Giroland, Jersey and Holstein) in the suckling phase (from birth to 90 days old) with an average initial live weight of 40.6 kg were used. A completely randomized block design was used, in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme with five replicates. The roofing materials (polyethylene mesh, geocomposite drainage layer, nonwoven geotextile and woven geotextile) were the first factor and time periods (8 to 10 a.m., 12 to 2 p.m. and 4 to 6 p.m.) the second factor. The following environmental variables were measured to calculate thermal comfort indices: temperature-humidity index, black globe-humidity index and enthalpy. The physiological variables analyzed were respiratory rate, rectal temperature and skin temperature. Environmental variables and thermal comfort indices did not differ between the different roof types, however, a significant difference (p ≤ 0.01) was observed between the time periods, with 12 to 2 p.m. being the most critical period. The lowest average respiratory rate (60.3 breaths min-1) and rectal temperature (38.9 °C) were recorded for the animals kept under the geocomposite drainage layer roof. There was a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) for interaction between treatment and time periods for the cannon area. The geosynthetics studied can be used as roofing material for outdoor holding pens, with the geocomposite drainage layer being the most indicated for tropical regions.
Board Game Violetas: the perspective of professionals addressing violence against women
Authors: Fornari Lucimara Fabiana , da Fonseca Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the potentialities and limits of the board game Violetas to address violence against women, from the perspective of the professionals who work in assisting the victims. Method: This is an interventional study with a qualitative approach. Thirty professionals from the Casas da Mulher Brasileira (Brazilian Women’s Houses) in Brasília, Campo Grande and Curitiba participated. Data collection was carried out during Critical-Emancipatory Workshops. Data were subjected to thematic content analysis with the support of the software webQDA. Results: As potentialities, the professionals mentioned the game design, the collaborative participation, and the ludicity as learning facilitators, stimulating reflections on the visibility of violence, assistance to victimized women, and the articulation of the supportive network services. As limitations of the study, the lack of familiarity with games, the understanding of the rules, and some issues contained in the game were mentioned. Conclusion: The game proved to be a powerful educational strategy for the training and qualification of the professionals involved in the supportive network.
Nursing actions promoting adherence to tuberculosis treatment: scoping review
Authors: Zago Priscila Tadei Nakata , Maffacciolli Rosana , Mattioni Fernanda Carlise , Dalla-Nora Carlise Rigon , Rocha Cristianne Maria Famer
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze actions promoting adherence to tuberculosis treatment that are being carried out by nurses in different countries. Method: Scoping review with selection of articles on the subject in LILACS, MEDLINE, IBECS, BDENF, SciELO, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Results: Forty studies, published between 2009 and 2020, allowed the identification of nursing actions in two thematic categories. In the category “Nursing care: TB patients’ specific needs to promote adherence to treatment”, actions involving clinical aspects, professionals’ knowledge and skills, educational and relational processes were identified. In the category “The role of nursing in coping with the social determinants of health to promote adherence to treatment”, interventions related to the strengthening of family and community support, the inclusion of socioeconomic issues in care plans, and respect for cultural differences were highlighted. Conclusion: Nursing work directed to the adherence to disease treatment requires the development of technical, ethical and, above all, political skills, aiming to increase the success of the actions carried out by these professionals.
África e América do Sul: O futuro passa pela biodiversidade
Authors: Feldmann Paulo Roberto
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar que a África e a América do Sul poderiam se beneficiar muito mais dos recursos que possuem em suas florestas tropicais. Isso ocorre porque a biodiversidade fortemente presente nos dois continentes é a base para o desenvolvimento de muitos medicamentos, pesticidas e outros produtos produzidos pela indústria química e farmacêutica, mas essas estão localizadas nas regiões mais desenvolvidas do planeta. O artigo lista os autores que abordaram a questão e propõem medidas que podem transformar esses continentes mais pobres de meros fornecedores de conhecimento de plantas em importantes fabricantes farmacêuticos. Discute-se que a biotecnologia será uma das disciplinas mais importantes em menos de trinta anos e ela precisa do conhecimento existente nas plantas e por isso a importância da biodiversidade. Também é discutido que a biopirataria prejudica ambas as regiões, mas felizmente e devido ao recente Protocolo de Nagoya, existem novas ferramentas para eliminar esse enorme problema.
Os conflitos das políticas da água e do esgotamento sanitário: que universalização buscamos?
Authors: Paz Mariana Gutierres Arteiro da , Fracalanza Ana Paula , Alves Estela Macedo , Silva Flávio José Rocha da
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Dentre os múltiplos usos da água, destaca-se o consumo humano pelo seu papel na manutenção da vida. O objetivo do artigo é discutir a universalização do acesso à água e ao esgotamento sanitário como common. Para discutir essa questão central da universalização dos serviços, o artigo desenvolve-se por meio de quatro pontos fundamentais: i) panorama global do acesso à água potável e ao esgotamento sanitário; ii) contextualização socioambiental do saneamento básico no Brasil; iii) o acesso à água e ao saneamento básico como direito humano; e iv) o desdobramento da definição de universalização dos serviços de saneamento básico em três esferas de gestão da água e como a compreensão da universalização proposta contribui para o desenvolvimento do setor no Brasil. Considera-se o contraditório histórico sobre o conceito de universalização e os mecanismos existentes para medir a evolução e para alcançá-la.
Caminhos cifrados/conectados: patrimônio jesuítico entre Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo
Authors: Martins Renata Maria De Almeida
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Esta pesquisa trata dos caminhos de destruição, dispersão, reconstrução e preservação que marcaram a história do patrimônio jesuítico na região Sudeste do Brasil, particularmente dos antigos colégios do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo, e de localidades de missões do litoral paulista e fluminense, no contexto das histórias global/local/conectadas. O estudo desses casos permite destacar características gerais comuns a outras áreas do Brasil e da América Hispânica, considerando a circulação mundial de modelos, livros, artistas, objetos; e apontando também elementos problemáticos que afetam e dificultam o conhecimento atual deste tipo de produção colonial.
Mensagens falsas sobre o novo coronavírus: legitimidade e manipulação na luta de classes
Authors: DA SILVA LIMA Guilherme , MORAES CALAZANS Marcos , MASSI Luciana
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a composição das primeiras mensagens falsas sobre o novo coronavírus e Covid-19 que circularam no Brasil visando problematizar as relações entre forma e conteúdo que creditam legitimidade às mensagens e como elas estão inseridas na luta de classes. Usamos as contribuições de Volóchinov, acerca na natureza da linguagem associadas a aportes do campo do materialismo histórico e dialético, para analisar 11 mensagens, sendo duas analisadas com maior profundidade. Os resultados indicaram que as comunicações analisadas estão inseridas na luta de classe buscando manipular o interlocutor e que as mensagens falsas se apropriaram e mobilizaram elementos das esferas da Ciência e do Jornalismo, para dar o efeito de credibilidade e legitimidade.
TikTok: usos e motivações entre adolescentes em Portugal
Authors:   Centro de Estudos Sociedade e Comunicação Portugal, DUARTE Alexandre , DIAS Patrícia ,   Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Published: August 2021

Durante os primeiros meses de confinamento devido à pandemia Covid-19, o TikTok foi a aplicação mais descarregada a nível mundial, tendo conquistado, só em Portugal, meio milhão de novos utilizadores, o que requer um olhar mais aprofundado por parte das Ciências de Comunicação. Usando como base a teoria dos Usos e Gratificações (U&G), este estudo pretende mapear as práticas de adolescentes portugueses (13-16) nesta plataforma, explorando as diferenças entre os utilizadores e os criadores de conteúdos. Para tal, foi realizada um inquérito online a uma amostra não probabilística de 263 utilizadores do TikTok. Os resultados mostram que 44,5% produzem conteúdos e que estes têm uma atuação mais estratégica, focada na autopromoção, na expansão e dinamização da sua comunidade online.
Cartografías conectivas: un acercamiento a la construcción de redes sociodigitales del movimiento #LGBT
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, OLMEDO NERI Raul
Published: August 2021

El trabajo analiza la red sociodigital internacional generada alrededor del hashtag #LGBT. El marco teórico descansa en la perspectiva de la red como paradigma para abordar la apropiación de Internet por parte de los movimientos sociales. Se utiliza el método de Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) a una base de datos obtenida mediante minería de datos con el programa NodeXL y visualizando las redes mediante Gephi. Entre los resultados obtenidos resalta que la red se constituye por comunidades estrechamente vinculadas entre sí y en menor medida con otras. Además, la relevancia de los nodos cambia de acuerdo con la cantidad de vínculos, su direccionalidad o a su reconocimiento/función para la comunidad LGBT y la propia plataforma (Twitter).
Development of a computational tool for the analysis of galvanic skin conductance, EKG and respiratory rate due to respiratory sinus arrhythmia (SCRATER)
Authors:   , Alvarado-Rodríguez F. J.
Published: August 2021

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) stand outs among Photothermal techniques due to its versatility for the characterization of different The existence of a correlation between heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and skin conductance response (SCR) has been reported in the literature, as well as the use of these parameters as a measure of the activation level of the autonomous nervous system. This paper introduces a computational tool (SCRATER) developed with the aim to analyze simultaneous recordings of SCR, and heart and respiratory rates, which were calculated from the electrocardiogram recording (ECG) analysis. In this research, a detailed description of each developed algorithm was made, as well as a description of the interface to be used. In the validation of the algorithms used, 192 ECG records and 231 Electro Dermal Activity (EDA) registers of 40 healthy male participants were analyzed, from which the number of QRS complexes and HR in each ECG record and the number of SCRs of each EDA record are calculated. The data obtained were compared with other tools that analyze SCR and HR separately, obtaining comparable results using correlation coefficients. The noise and artifacts present in the records do not allow a correct estimation of the parameters and affect the results of all the tools used in the development of this work. SCRATER offers three main advantages over other tools: 1) free access, 2) open source and 3) does not use coded or exclusive formats. This work provides a free computational tool that allows simultaneous analysis of SCRs, FC and FR.
Assessment of the Dysautonomia Presence in Parkinson disease through Cardiovascular Signal Analysis
Authors:   , Alvarado-Jalomo S.
Published: August 2021

The goal of this work is to assess and to compare the autonomic nervous system (SNA) response in Parkinson’s disease (EP) patients and healthy subjects in order to evaluate the possible dysautonomia presence. Electrocardiogram and photoplethysmography signals were acquired during the following maneuvers: rest, orthostatic change (Post-CP), controlled breathing (RC) and hyperventilation (Hip.). The signal processing was carried out by means of linear and no linear indices of heart rate variability (VFC), indices of pulse transit time (PTT) and baroreflex sensitivity (– index). Parkinson disease patients showed an attenuated sympathetic modulation mainly during Post-CP and the cardiovagal response resulted blunted during RC. Approximate entropy was significantly decreased in healthy subjects with respect to EP subjects during RC. In addition, the index – resulted in lower values in EP patients with respect to healthy subjects during the complete protocol, this result suggests that the baroreflex control in EP patients is blunted. However, is necessary to increase the number of subjects with the objective of determining levels of dysautonomia. The protocol designed to evaluate the dysautonomia presence in mexicans with EP through non invasive signals provides information about the SNA behavior.
Predicting the Cardioactivity of Tivela stultorum clam with Digoxin Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors:   , Flores D.
Published: August 2021

Artificial neural networks (ANN) are a computational method that has been widely used to solve complex problems and carry out predictions on nonlinear systems. Multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks were used to predict the physiological response that would be obtained by adding a specific concentration of digoxin to Tivela stultorum hearts, this organism is a model for testing cardiac drugs that pretends to be used in humans. The MLPANN inputs were weight, volume, length, and width of the heart, digoxin concentration and volume used for diluting digoxin, and maximum contraction, minimum contraction, filling time, and heart rate before adding digoxin, and the outputs were the maximum contraction, minimum contraction, filling time, and heart rate that would be obtained after adding digoxin to the heart. ANNs were trained, validated, and tested with the results obtained from the in vivo experiments. To choose the optimal network, the smallest square mean error value was used. Perceptrons obtained a high performance and correlation between predicted and calculated values, except in the case of the filling time output. Accurate predictions of the T. stultorum clams cardioactivity were obtained when a specific concentration of digoxin was added using ANNs with one hidden layer; this could be useful as a tool to facilitate laboratory experiments to test digoxin effects.
Design of an Exoskeleton Prototype for Shoulder Rehabilitation
Authors:   , Sosa-Méndez D.
Published: August 2021

The motor disability is a problem at the global level and according to the census 2010 from INEGI, in Mexico, people with mobility problems represent 58.3 % of the population with disabilities. To face this problem, robotic devices for rehabilitation have emerged which allow to perform therapies with accuracy, efficiency, reduction of physical efforts and the opportunity to perform them in group. However, these devices may not match the mobility of the members to rehabilitate and their adaptation to the mexican anthropometry is limited. In this article, the design of an exoskeleton focused on the Mexican adult population with partial loss of mobility in the shoulder is presented. The objective is to develop an exoskeleton capable of generating the 3 basic movements of the shoulder (flexion-extension, abduction-adduction and internal-external rotation) considering the anthropometric measurements of the target population. For the design of the prototype, an adaptation of the mechatronic design methodology for robots is used. The proposed design is validated kinematically through numerical simulations in Matlab® and ADAMS™, the numerical results prove the range of mobility of each exoskeleton joint. Moreover, a finite element analysis is carried out to quantify the stress and strain levels in the exoskeleton, verifying the selection of materials for its manufacture.
Development of magnetic nanoparticles Fe+32 X+21O4 (X= Fe, Co y Ni) coated by amino silane
Authors:   , Flores-Urquizo I. A.
Published: August 2021

Magnetic nanoparticles are proposed as heat mediators in hyperthermia treatments. In this work, three core-shell materials of different composition and magnetic anisotropy were developed to determine their properties as crystal size, saturation magnetization and their coating with organic molecules. The magnetic core of these materials was made by means of the coprecipitation reaction, following the stoichiometric ratio X+2Fe2+3O4 where X is Fe, Co or Ni for each material. From the X-ray diffraction patterns the crystal size of each material was determined, these were 10.39 nm, 7.27 nm y 3.86 nm. In addition, magnetization was 55.84 emu/g, 36.56 emu/g y 16.21 emu/g for magnetite, cobalt ferrite and nickel respectively. Each material was coated with aminosilane and by FTIR the vibrational modes of the C-N, N-H, C-H and Si-O bonds involved in the coating were identified.
Desarrollo de una herramienta computacional para el análisis de conductancia galvánica de la piel, ECG y frecuencia respiratoria por arritmia sinusal respiratoria (SCRATER)
Authors:   , Alvarado-Rodríguez F. J.
Published: August 2021

La existencia de una correlación entre la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), la frecuencia respiratoria (FR) y las respuestas electrodérmicas de la piel (Skin Conductance Response, SCR) ha sido reportada en la literatura, así como también el uso de estos parámetros como medida del nivel de activación del sistema nervioso autónomo. Objetivo: Este trabajo presenta una herramienta (SCRATER) para el análisis conjunto de SCR, FC y FR, las dos últimas, calculadas a partir del análisis del registro de electrocardiograma (ECG). Metodología: En esta investigación, se realizó una descripción detallada de cada algoritmo desarrollado, asi como una una descripción de la interfaz para utilizarlos. En la validación de los algoritmos empleados, se analizaron 192 registros de ECG y 231 registros de actividad elec-trodérmica (Electro-Dermal Activity, EDA) de 40 participantes masculinos sanos, de los cuales se calculó el número de complejos QRS y FC en cada registro de ECG y el número de SCRs de cada registro de EDA. Resultados: Los datos obtenidos fueron comparados con otras herramientas que analizan SCR y FC pero de manera independiente, ob-teniendo resultados equiparables mediante coeficientes de correlación. Limitaciones: El ruido y los artefactos pre-sentes en los registros no permiten una correcta estimación de los parámetros y afectan los resultados de todas las herramientas empleadas en el desarrollo de este trabajo. Valor: SCRATER ofrece tres ventajas principales sobre las otras herramientas: 1) libre acceso, 2) código abierto y no utiliza formatos codificados o exclusivos. Conclusión: Este trabajo proporciona una herramienta computacional gratuita que permite analizar simultáneamente SCRs, FC y FR.
Coherence analysis of EEG in locomotion using graphs
Authors:   , Quiroz G.
Published: August 2021

One of the most interesting brain machine interface (BMI) applications, is the control of assistive devices for rehabilitation of neuromotor pathologies. This means that assistive devices (prostheses, orthoses, or exoskeletons) are able to detect user motion intention, by the acquisition and interpretation of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. Such interpretation is based on the time, frequency or space features of the EEG signals. For this reason, in this paper a coherence-based EEG study is proposed during locomotion that along with the graph theory allows to establish spatio-temporal parameters that are characteristic in this study. The results show that along with the temporal features of the signal it is possible to find spatial patterns in order to classify motion tasks of interest. In this manner, the connectivity analysis alongside graphs provides reliable information about the spatio-temporal characteristics of the neural activity, showing a dynamic pattern in the connectivity during locomotions tasks.
Membrane of chitosan with essential oils of Romero and Tree of Tea: Potential as biomaterial
Authors:   , Quihui-Cota L.
Published: August 2021

Chitosan (CH) has hemostatic properties and accelerated healing ability to stimulate the host immune system against viral and bacterial infections. It is also biodegradable, nontoxic, antimicrobial, biocompatible, and capable of forming membranes and to carry and to release bioactive compounds. These properties of CH can be useful to carry some volatile essential oils having bioactive compounds (antioxidants and antimicrobials) with potential application in human health as those as rosemary (RMO) [Rosmarinus officinalis] and tea tree (TTO) [Melaleuca alternifolia]. These essential oils were incorporated into the chitosan by the casting method in this study. The physical properties (solubility, PVA, transparency and blocking ultraviolet light) of these membranes with TTO and RMO (0.25, 0.50 and 1.00% v/v), antioxidant capacity and protection human erythrocyte were evaluated. TTO and RMO reduced solubility (28-58%) and PVA (between 28-58%) of CH membranes. All membranes were yellow, slightly opaque and they were able to block the ultraviolet light. Membranes also showed relatively low antioxidant capacity by the radical ABTS (≈ 6 at 9%), but it was accompanied by an excellent protective effect on the human erythrocyte (> 63%).
Morphological and electrochemical behavior of polycaprolactone-chitosan-collagen film fabricated by Dip Coating on Ti6Al4V
Authors:   , García-Rueda F. C
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the characterization by the infrared technique, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and contact angle of the polymer coatings of the binary mixture of polycaprolactone-chitosan and its modification after addition of collagen were deposited by the technique of Dip Coating on Ti6Al4V alloy; also by the technique of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy were evaluated the Ti6Al4V alloy coated by polymer blends zero days immersion in Simulate Bode Fluid and of adsorptivity calcium to 21 days immersion. Thus, representative effects on the role of collagen to increase the surface roughness, higher values in the polarization resistance of Ti6Al4V, better behavior parameters free energy, atomic adsorption of calcium and the consolidation of a found new interface associated with the monolayer calcium simulated by equivalent circuits and observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Protocol for detection of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A in Surface Swabs v1
Authors: Kapoor Renuka , Moe Christine
Published: August 2021

The protocol describes method for qualitative detection (presence/ absence) of Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A from surface swabs by enrichment culture followed by real-time PCR.