bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CFD Analysis of Flow and Performance Characteristics of a 90°curved Rectangular Diffuser: Effects of Aspect Ratio and Reynolds Number
Authors: Kumaraswamy Rakesh , Natarajan Karthikeyan , Anand R. B.
Published: May 2019

The effect of aspect ratio (AS = 0.5, 1.0, 2.0) and Reynolds number (Re = 1, 2, 4, 8 × 105) on the flow and performance characteristics of a 90° curved rectangular diffuser was examined with the aid of the commercial CFD code ANSYS FLUENT. The results from computational analysis revealed the presence of stream vorticity indicative of secondary flow brought about by the curvature of the diffusing duct. As the fluid flow developed, the inertial core flow was pushed to the outer concave wall by overbearing centrifugal forces. The fluid flow sustained marginal changes with increasing aspect ratio and Reynolds number. However, the flow uniformity at the exit was enhanced. The rise in coefficient of static pressure (Cp) recovery and the drop in coefficient of total pressure loss (Closs) with increasing Reynolds number suggested improved diffuser performance. The flow uniformity index was found to be the highest for the diffuser of aspect ratio 1.
Cuantificación de V, Ni, Zn y Fe en asfalto por espectroscopia de absorción atómica
Authors: Hidalgo Porras Jocseline M.
Published: May 2019

El asfalto tiene complejas composiciones químicas y físicas que normalmente varían con la fuente del petróleo crudo. Su composición se basa en aproximadamente 84% C, 10% H2, 1% O2 y 5% trazas de elementos como S, Ni, V y Fe. El propósito de esta investigación es desarrollar un método para cuantificar V, Ni, Zn y Fe en asfalto AC-30 por espectroscopia de absorción atómica. La investigación propone un procedimiento de tratamiento de hasta 2 g de asfalto, el cual se basa en su dilución con solvente orgánico (mineral spirits) en balones aforados con ayuda de un baño ultrasónico para aligerar la dilución. Se dictan los parámetros de optimización del método buscando los datos instrumentales adecuados en el equipo de absorción atómica para la obtención de la mayor absorbancia posible en la alineación tanto del quemador como de las lámparas de cátodo hueco y deuterio; además de la optimización de la llama y del flujo del nebulizador. Las curvas de calibración de cada metal se realizaron con un estándar con base de hidrocarburos para medir las concentraciones de metales en el asfalto en mg/kg con un coeficiente de correlación lineal de mínimo 0.995. El estudio de recuperación en asfalto se realiza con la adición de una cantidad de los metales directamente a las alícuotas de matriz de asfalto. Las concentraciones obtenidas para el Ni fueron 70, V 330, Zn 24 y para Fe 10 ppm, los cuales presentaron una desviación estándar relativa inferiores al 1% lo que indica que las mediciones de una misma muestra son precisas y que presentan poca dispersión entre ellas. Las recuperaciones promedio fueron de 99.17% para Ni, 100.30% V, 92.26% Zn y 97.72% Fe. Estos resultados indican que el método resulta confiable para la cuantificación de metales mediante la técnica de absorción atómica
Presentación
Authors: Camacho Monge Daniel
Published: May 2019

Como marco conceptual de los artículos incluidos en este número de la Revista de Ciencias Sociales, esta introducción pretende esbozar algunos procesos socio económicos, derivados de la forma como el capital busca maximizar sus rendimientos en la actual era de la hiperexpansión tecnológica; se pretende también enunciar algunos perjuicios que ello produce en el ambiente y en la práctica de la democracia.----In the framework of the articles in this issue of the Journal of Social Sciences, the introduction aims to indicate some socioeconomic processes derived from the way in which capital seeks to maximize returns in the current era of technological hyperexpansion; it also seeks to enunciate some damages produced in the environment and in the practice of democracy.
PERSPECTIVAS DE LOS MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES Y LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL ESTADO: LAS FORMAS DEL CAMBIO SOCIO-POLÍTICO A FINES DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: Iglesias Esteban
Published: May 2019

El propósito de este artículo es analizar el modo en que dos perspectivas de la acción colectiva abordan el problema del Estado y como consecuencia de ello, la forma en que se concibe la transformación social a fines del siglo xx en sociedades atravesadas por el problema de la igualdad. El argumento que se desarrolla es que la perspectiva identitaria ha sobredimensionado el lugar de los movimientos sociales asignándoles el papel de “democratizadores” de la sociedad, mientras que el enfoque de la movilización de recursos ha replicado esto con la esfera estatal. Lo cierto es que entre ambas concepciones queda un espacio teórico que no ha sido explorado exhaustivamente en el marco de la acción colectiva, el de la mutua incidencia entre Estado y movimientos sociales. Esto abre nuevas posibilidades para continuar debatiendo acerca de los caminos hacia sociedades más igualitarias.
MIGRACIONES INTERNACIONALES Y RACISMO CULTURAL EN ARGENTINA
Authors: Gonza Gilda Ivana , González Anahí Patricia
Published: May 2019

El artículo aborda las representaciones sociales sobre la identidad nacional y la “cultura”migrante que construyen docentes y miembros del poder judicial en Argentina, visibilizandoel “racismo” cultural que atraviesa dichas representaciones y las relaciones de conflictoentre nativos y migrantes, vinculadas al acceso a los derechos. Para el análisis se recurrióa entrevistas individuales y grupales realizadas a dichos actores institucionales en BuenosAires, durante los años 2008-2014.
Molecular dynamics simulation of an aqueous Na2SO4 solution
Authors: Nieszporek Krzysztof , Nieszporek Jolanta
Published: May 2019

The structure of sodium sulfate in tip3p water solution with the concentration of 0.1191 mol/dm3 was studied by means of classical molecular dynamics. Both ions have clear hydration shells. The comparison between radial distribution functions and cumulative numbers of selected atoms around the reference one makes it possible to precisely describe the structure of investigated system. Applying such tools geometrical parameters of the hydrogen bond of the dimer SO42-/H2O have been obtained.

 
Hansestädte im Ostseeraum zwischen Autonomie und Landesherrschaft
Authors: Auge Oliver
Published: May 2019

 

Miejskie prawo magdeburskie miało znaczący wpływ na genezę i rozwój prawa miejskiego, a w rezultacie na rozwój miast w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej i Wschodniej. Drugą wpływową grupą prawa miejskiego, która w znacznym stopniu oddziaływała na urbanizację i ustanowienie autonomii na rozległych obszarach Europy Wschodniej, jest prawo lubeckie. Ponad 100 miast, w tym Rewel czy Nowogród, można przypisać do tej rodziny prawa miejskiego, które rozprzestrzeniało się głównie w rejonie południowego Bałtyku i na obszarach przyległych. Większość tych miast uważała się, przynajmniej przez pewien czas, za miasta hanzeatyckie. Tematyka artykułu dotyczy głównie walki o autonomię, jaka toczyła się między miastami a miejscową władzą. Aktualny stan badań w tym zakresie daje podstawy do analizy zagadnienia genezy autonomii miejskiej Lubeki i jej walki z rywalizującymi władcami miasta aż do 1226 r. Przykład Kilonii i innych miast pokazuje, jak – z różnym skutkiem – próbowały one naśladować wzór dany przez Lubekę. Wreszcie tekst ukazuje, jak miasta hanzeatyckie, w drodze do zintensyfikowanej polityki sojuszy, próbowały przeciwstawić się rosnącej presji terytorializacji wywieranej przez książęta i suwerenów w późnym średniowieczu. Chociaż plany sojuszy ostatecznie upadły, nie wolno tego postrzegać jako końca miejskiej autonomii. Miasta nie utraciły bowiem swojej autonomii aż do epoki absolutyzmu.
L.A. Confidential as a Re-Creation of American Noir Tradition
Authors: Antoniak Krzysztof
Published: May 2019

Elementy literatury hard-boiled i filmu noir są obecne we współczesnej literaturze i mediach wizualnych, ale motywy i postacie z klasycznych tekstów noir zostały odkryte na nowo. Artykuł udowadnia, że film L.A. Confidential może być postrzegany jako odtworzenie amerykańskiej tradycji noir, a powieść Jamesa Ellroya zaklasyfikowana jako literatura hard-boiled. Autor analizuje postacie detektywów przedstawione zarówno w książce, jak i w filmie oraz bada dzieło w kontekście  retronoir, skupiając uwagę na postaci femme fatale, roli miasta i sposobie przedstawienia brutalności.
Uwarunkowania skuteczności procesu wychowania w środowisku szkolnym
Authors: Wosik-Kawala Danuta
Published: May 2019

Współcześnie od szkoły oczekuje się, aby była instytucją wychowującą, chroniącą indywidualność jednostki, pomagającą jej w kierowaniu własnym rozwojem i w dążeniu do samorealizacji, przygotowującą do wartościowego uczestnictwa w życiu społecznym. Mimo że wychowanie w szkole dokonuje się każdego dnia przez interakcje z wszystkimi nauczycielami i rówieśnikami, to za efekty procesu wychowawczego odpowiedzialny jest głównie nauczyciel, zwłaszcza wychowawca klasy. Artykuł ma charakter analityczno-przeglądowy. Ukazano teoretyczny kontekst dotyczący podstawowych czynników wpływających na skuteczność procesu wychowania realizowanego w środowisku szkolnym. Wychowanie rozumiane jest tutaj jako proces kształtowania młodego człowieka. Zostało ono określone za pomocą pięciu głównych cech. Autorka zwraca uwagę, iż osoby zajmujące się wychowaniem z racji pełnionej roli zawodowej powinny opierać się na jasno określonych wytycznych, sformułowanych w sposób przejrzysty i czytelny, uwzględniających podstawowe zasady współżycia międzyludzkiego, a nie jedynie na intuicji i własnym doświadczeniu.
Intersubiektywność, rozumienie i porozumienie w epoce nowych mediów i globalizacji
Authors: Pleszczyński Jan
Published: May 2019

Artykuł dotyczy współczesnych problemów intersubiektywności. W intersubiektywności rodzi się rozumienie i porozumienie. Nowe media i procesy globalizacji sprawiają, że racjonalność, kultura i wiedza nie mogą stanowić jedynego fundamentu dla rozumienia i porozumienia – nie ma już bowiem wspólnej racjonalności, kultury i wiedzy, które dotychczas stanowiły ich podstawę.

W artykule argumentuję na rzecz tezy, że w świecie globalnym, ale jednocześnie rozfragmentaryzowanym na skalę nieznaną we wcześniejszych epokach medialnych, porozumienie jest znacznie istotniejsze niż rozumienie. Trzeba się porozumiewać nawet bez zrozumienia. Dlatego fundamentów porozumienia należy także szukać w racjomorficzności, a nie tylko w racjonalności; racjomorficzność jest wspólna wszystkim ludziom, bez względu na kulturę, religię, status społeczny, światopogląd itd.

„Pozytywną” formą racjomorficzności jest aksjomorfizm, w którym ujawnia się biologicznie warunkowana empatia i sympatia wobec przedstawicieli tego samego gatunku – Homo sapiens socialis et communicans. Odwołując się do idei Konrada Lorenza, proponuję, by Habermasowską racjonalność komunikacyjną nie tyle zastąpić, co uzupełnić komunikacyjną aksjomorficznością.
Od pop-polityki do e-populizmu? Projekt i działanie najnowszych ruchów kontestacyjnych na przykładzie partii Podemos w Hiszpanii
Authors: Górnicka Weronika
Published: May 2019

„Populizm” jest jednym z najpopularniejszych terminów używanych w kontekście działalności partii Podemos w Hiszpanii. Odnosi się on najczęściej do słownikowego rozumienia tego pojęcia, przez co zarówno zjawisko, jak i aktywność ugrupowania zyskują charakter negatywny. W niniejszym tekście za główny punkt odniesienia w analizie strategii politycznej Podemos przyjmuje się koncepcję populizmu stworzoną przez Ernesto Laclaua. Umożliwia to ukazanie kluczowych dla funkcjonowania partii komponentów jako elementów odgórnie założonego procesu, klasyfikowanego przez autora jako pozytywny. Koncentracja na formie przekazu, czyli uwzględnienie aspektu internetowego (e-populizm) oraz wizerunkowego (pop-polityka) przyczynia się z kolei do wyjaśnienia roli i znaczenia odpowiednich narzędzi w realizacji przyjętych przez twórców Podemos założeń.
Educational values: current views and perspectives for modern school
Authors: Morska Liliya
Published: May 2019

W opracowaniu zaprezentowano punkt widzenia autorki na bogatą w wartości edukację oraz szanse jej rozwoju we współczesnym społeczeństwie. W tekście zostały omówione pojęcia: „wartości” i „wartości oświatowe”. Odniesiono się też do wyniku wyboru integralnych w praktyce szkolnej wartości. Wyłoniono trzy grupy wartości, które należy uwzględnić w polityce oświatowej szkoły, a następnie w formie zintegrowanej wdrażać je w praktyce edukacyjnej. Są to: 1) główne wartości o charakterze społecznym (bezpieczeństwo, wsparcie, uczciwość, obowiązkowość, odpowiedzialność itp.), 2) wartości, które pozwalają nawiązać społeczne relacje (współpraca, komunikacja, inicjatywa, empatia, stawianie pytań itp.), 3) wartości ambicjonalne jednostki – odpowiedzialność za siebie i innych (mądrość, wiedza, moralność itp.). Ujęta w strukturze oświatowych procedur integracja wyżej wskazanych wartości została przedstawiona w pracy.
Zmiana imion i nazwisk autochtonów na Dolnym Śląsku jako wyraz antyniemieckiej polityki państwa w latach 1945–1949. Kilka refleksji o sposobach postępowania władz
Authors: Jankowska-Nagórka Anna
Published: May 2019

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jednego ze sposobów usuwania śladów niemczyzny, jakim było zmienianie na polsko brzmiące imion i nazwisk autochtonów mieszkających na Dolnym Śląsku. Różne procesy dziejowe miały wpływ na to, że autochtoni nosili imiona i nazwiska zgermanizowane. Dokumenty powojenne szczebla powiatowego i wojewódzkiego wskazują na przeprowadzanie tej procedury bezprawnie. Po pierwsze, cała akcja zainicjowana została przez okólnik Ministerstwa Ziem Odzyskanych, a nie akt prawny rangi ustawy. Po drugie, zmiana ta odbywała się z użyciem przymusu państwowego, realizowanego przez urzędników różnych rang. Przymusem tym były sankcje administracyjne, grzywna, a w niektórych przypadkach sięgano nawet do ingerencji w życie prywatne obywateli. W powojennej rzeczywistości, gdzie zwalczano wszystko, co miało związek z niemczyzną, akcja zmiany imion i nazwisk na Ziemiach Odzyskanych była elementem polityki antyniemieckiej ówczesnych władz.
Yerli ve Yabancı Bazı Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) Çeşitlerinin Mineral Madde İçerikleri
Authors: ERBAŞ KÖSE Özge Doğanay , MUT Zeki
Published: May 2019

Dünya çapında üretilen
gıdaların % 50'si tahıl tanelerinden oluştuğundan, tahıl bazlı gıdalar element
eksikliğinin giderilmesinde büyük öneme sahiptir. Arpa element içeriği
bakımından zengin olduğundan insan ve hayvanlar açısından çok önemlidir.
Çalışmada, Yozgat koşullarında yetiştirilen on üç farklı arpa çeşidinin element
içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Deneme, 2013-2015 yetiştirme sezonunda iki yıl süre
ile tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür.
Çalışmada çeşitlerin potasyum (K), fosfor (P), kalsiyum (Ca), magnezyum (Mg),
sodyum (Na), bor (B), demir (Fe), mangan (Mn), çinko (Zn) ve bakır (Cu)
içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Element içerikleri yıl ve çeşitlere göre önemli
farklar göstermiştir. Çeşitlerin ortalama K, P, Ca, Mg, Na, B, Fe, Mn, Zn ve Cu
içerikleri sırasıyla 4169.6, 3334.3, 605.0, 1219.1, 547.8, 5.45, 42.22, 19.07,
24.16 ve 6.64 mg kg-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Biplot grafiğine göre, Erginel-90
çeşidi Ca hariç bütün elementler bakımından ortalamanın üstünde değere sahip en
stabil çeşit olmuştur.
Türkiye Suları İçin İsparoz Balığı’nın (Diplodus annularis Linnaeus, 1758) Büyüme Özellikleri
Authors: CENGİZ Özgür , KIZILKAYA Bayram , PARUĞ Şükrü Şenol
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışma Ocak 2016-Aralık
2016 tarihleri arasında Saros Körfezi’nde yürütülmüştür. Tüm bireyler için
ağırlık-boy ilişkisi W = 0.0331TL2.77 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Maksimum boya sahip bir adet isparoz balığı (23.2 cm toplam boy ve 180.00 gr
toplam ağırlık) 25 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde balıkçılar tarafından İbrice Limanı
(Saros Körfezi) açıklarında olta ile yakalanmıştır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı türün Türkiye suları için maksimum boy kaydını sunmaktır.
Bazı Nar Çeşit ve Tiplerinin Meyve Büyüme Dinamiği ile Renk Özellikleri
Authors: TÜRKER Serdar , POLAT A. Aytekin
Published: May 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, nar çeşit ve
tiplerinin pomolojik ve fenolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmayla,
bazı nar çeşit (Çekirdeksiz VI) ve tiplerinin (Oğuzeli Çekirdeksiz ve Nuz Ekşi)
Gaziantep koşullarındaki meyve büyüme dinamikleri ile renk özellikleri
belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, iki yıl süreyle meyvelerin en-boy büyüme durumları
ile meyve dane ve kabuk renk değişimleri incelenmiştir. Denemede Nuz Ekşi’nin, diğer genotiplere kıyasla her
iki yılda da daha fazla geliştiği saptanmıştır. Her iki yılda da tüm genotiplerin meyve en- boy büyüme ilişkisi pozitif ve önemli
bulunmuştur. Benzer yüksek pozitif ilişkiler, meyve eni ile dönem ve meyve boyu
ile dönem arasında da elde edilmiştir. Kabuk L* değeri yıllara ve
genotiplere göre değişmekle beraber, 46.12 - 100.63 arasında belirlenmiştir.
İki yıllık ortalamaya göre; kabuk renginde en yüksek a* değeri Oğuzeli
Çekirdeksiz’de  (32.80), b*
değeri ise Çekirdeksiz VI’da (43.64) belirlenmiştir. Meyve kabuk rengi kroma (C*) değerleri 35.23 ile
48.68 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Nuz Ekşi ve Çekirdeksiz VI’nın kabuk Hue
değerlerinin (65.67 ve 59.80), Oğuzeli Çekirdeksiz (40.80) genotipinden anlamlı
olarak daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dane L* değerlerine
göre en parlak genotipin Çekirdeksiz VI (80.23), en az parlak genotipin ise Nuz
Ekşi (66.94) olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Mujeres conversando con mujeres: un encuentro en el seminario Rutas Críticas 8
Authors: Meneghel Stela Nazareth , Maciazeki-Gomes Rita de Cássia , Sagot Montserrat , Lozano Lerma Betty Ruth , Bairros Fernanda Souza de , Martins Aline Blaya
Published: May 2019

Los seminarios “Rutas Críticas”, realizados desde 2006, tienen por objetivo discutir y presentar datos de investigaciones e intervenciones sobre violencia contra la mujer. Este texto presenta una síntesis narrativa del Seminario Internacional Rutas Críticas 8, denominado “Feminicidios: necesitamos hablar de eso”, realizado en Porto Alegre, en 2017. Se utilizó el formato de entrevista para presentar las narrativas, referenciales teóricos y situaciones particulares de cada región. Los feminicidios aumentaran bajo el modelo neoliberal que está ocurriendo en los países de América Latina y hay una sobremortalidad de mujeres jóvenes, migrantes, sin redes de protección, pobres y racializadas. La publicación de síntesis como esta constituye una oportunidad de hacer públicos los datos de investigaciones que incluyen la denuncia de situaciones específicas de riesgo y vulnerabilidad. El artículo comparte la reflexión crítica y las conversaciones entre investigadoras brasileñas e hispanoamericanas, buscando potencializar acciones de enfrentamiento a las violencias.
Comparing the Efficacy of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme In-hibitors with Calcium Channel Blockers on the Treatment of Di-abetic Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: ZHANG Zhaowei , CHEN Chunlin , LV Shiwen , ZHU Yalan , FANG Tianzi
Published: May 2019

Background: The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) could improve the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy. Whether the calcium channel blockers (CCBs) could be as effective as ACEIs on treating diabetic nephropathy is controversial. Here, we aimed to compare the efficacy of ACEIs with CCBs on the treatment of diabetic nephropathy by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods: The Pubmed, Medline, Embase and The Cochrane Database were searched up to July 2017 for eligible randomized clinical trials studies. Effect sizes were summarized as mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (P-value<0.05).
Results: Seven RCTs involving 430 participants comparing ACEIs with CCBs were included. No benefit was seen in comparative group of ACEIs on systolic blood pressure（SBP） (MD=1.05 mmHg; 95% CI: -0.97 to 3.08, P=0.31), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD= -0.34 mmHg; 95% CI: -1.2 to 0.51, P=0.43), urinary albumin excretion rates (UAER) (MD=1.91μg/min; 95% CI: -10.3 to 14.12, P=0.76), 24-h urine protein (24-UP) (SMD=-0.26; 95%CI: -0.55 to 0.03, P=0.08), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (SMD=0.01; 95% CI: -0.38 to 0.41, P=0.95). On safety aspect, the risk of adverse reactions between ACEIs group and CCBs group are similar (RR=1.18; 95% CI: 0.61 to 2.28; P=0.61).
Conclusion: Both ACEIs and CCBs could improve the BP, UAER, 24h-UP, and GFR of diabetic nephropathy to a similar extent
Family History of Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Risk Between Malays Ethnicity in Malaysia and Indonesia: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: NINDREA Ricvan Dana , ARYANDONO Teguh , LAZUARDI Lutfan , DWIPRAHASTO Iwan
Published: May 2019

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women not only in world but also in Malays ethnicity between Malaysia and Indonesia. Breast cancer has varying incidence in every country, but genetic factor by family history influence the incidence of breast cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine family history of breast cancer and breast cancer risk between Malays ethnicity in Malaysia and Indonesia.
Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted on published research articles on family history of breast cancer and breast cancer risk between Malays ethnicity in Malaysia and Indonesia published between Jan 1999 and Jul 2018 in the online article databases of PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated with fixed and random-effect models. Publication bias was visually evaluated by using funnel plots and statistically assessed through Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Data were processed using Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3) and Stata version 14.2 (Stata Corporation).
Conclusion: This analysis confirmed the association of family history of breast cancer and breast cancer risk between Malays ethnicity in Malaysia and Indonesia.
Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Women of Reproductive Age in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: SHARGHI Maedeh , MUSAVI Hadis , MALEKPOUR MANSURKHANI Shabnam , KOOTI Wesam , BEHZADIFAR Masoud , ASHRAFI-ZADEH Hadis , AZAMI Milad , SHAHOOEI Roonak , KASHEFI Hajar , JOUYBARI Leila
Published: May 2019

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) able to cause infection for an entire lifetime. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine seroprevalence of CMV among women of reproductive age in Iran.
Methods: English and Persian databases such as Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, SID, Iran doc, Iran Medex, Magiran, and Medlib were searched (from 2008 to 2017) accurately using the keywords: Cytomegalovirus, Pregnant women or Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Prevalence and Iran.
Results: Results of 15 studies with total samples of 5253 persons from 2008 to 2017 were combined and meta-analyzed. The pooled prevalence rate of IgG among women was estimated 90% (95% CI: 87-93%). The highest prevalence rate of IgG was in Tehran, Rasht, Mashhad and Yasoj, all 100% (95% CI: 100-100%), and the lowest prevalence was in Jahrom 0.62% (95% CI: 53-71%). The overall prevalence rate of IgM among women was estimated at 0.06% (95% CI: 0.03-0.13%). The highest prevalence rate of IgM was in Kerman 0.34% (95% CI: 0.29-0.39%) and Mashhad 0.25% (95% CI: 0.2-0.31%), and the lowest prevalence was in Yasoj 0% (95% CI: 0.00%-0.00%)
Conclusion: The prevalence of immunity in Iran, is satisfactory. Nevertheless, to maintain and increase the level of immunity across the country, it is necessary to routinely screen the women of reproductive ages across the country.
Lakes Drying and Their Adverse Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: SADEGHI-BAZARGANI Homayoun , ALLAHVERDIPOUR Hamid , ASGHARI JAFARABADI Mohammad , AZAMI-AGHDASH Saber
Published: May 2019

Background: One of the most important effects of many drying lakes in the world is increasing the emergence and outbreak of different diseases. For this sake, the present study aimed to systematically review the effects of lakes drying on human health.
Methods: The present systematic review was designed and conducted in 2017. Data were gathered by searching the Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Knowledge databases, along with hand search of key journals and unpublished resources and contact with experts. There was no specific time span for the search.
Results: Overall, 22 articles were selected with 20 articles about Aral Lake drying. Almost all studies were cross-sectional and retrospective. In 8 studies, the participants were children. Seventeen articles lakes drying have adverse effects on human health. Based on the type of effect, the studies were classified into 7 categories (respiratory problems, reproductive system problems, kidney and urological diseases, cancers, anemia, and diarrhea).
Conclusion: Most studies depicted the harmful effects of lakes draught on human health; they had low level of evidence as they were mostly retrospective and cross-sectional. There is not enough evidence to accept or reject with high level of certainty the very effects of lakes drying on human health. To provide such evidence we suggest conducting middle and long term cohort and observational studies with scientific bases.
Urban and Rural Disparities in Hospital Utilization among Indonesian Adults
Authors: LAKSONO Agung Dwi , Dwi WULANDARI Ratna , SOEDIRHAM Oedojo
Published: May 2019

Background: Equal access to healthcare facilities, patient’s satisfaction, and respect for the desire of the patient were recognized as the basic principles of each of the health care system. Each person must be given the opportunity to access health services in accordance with the requirements of their health. We aimed to prove the existence of disparities hospital utilization based on the category of urban-rural areas.
Methods: The research used the 2013 Indonesian Basic Health Survey (RKD) as analysis material, that was designed a cross-sectional survey. With the multi-stage cluster random sampling method, 722,329 respondents were obtained. Data were analyzed using Multinomial Logistic Regression tests.
Results: The results showed adults living in urban were likely to use hospital outpatient facilities 1.246 times higher than adults living in rural areas (OR 1.246; 95% CI 1.026 – 1.030). The likelihood of utilizing at the same time outpatient and inpatient facilities at 1.134 times higher in adults living in urban than those in rural areas (OR 1.134; 95% CI 1.025 - 1.255). While for the category of hospital inpatient utilization, there was no significant difference.
Conclusion: There was a disparity in hospital utilization between urban-rural areas. Urban show better utilization than rural areas in outpatient and at the same time the use of inpatient care
Effects of School Violence on Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Multicultural Adolescents
Authors: LEE Eunmi
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: This study investigated how experiencing school violence affects depression and suicidal ideation in multicultural adolescents.
Methods: Overall, 63444 adolescents from grades 7–12 (ages 12–18 yr) who participated in the 11th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS-Ⅺ) were enrolled from Jun 1 to Jun 30, 2015. Adolescents with at least one parent of non-Korean nationality were classified as multicultural adolescents. A logistic regression analysis of depression and suicidal ideation on the experience of violence was conducted with age, gender, city size, academic achievement, economic status, and level of stress as control variables.
Results: Multicultural adolescents were found to have low grades, low economic status, come from smaller cities, and experience more school violence and stress compared to non-multicultural adolescents. Multicultural adolescents who experienced school violence were 5.41 times (95% CI 3.22, 9.11) more likely to be depressed than those who did not experience violence, whereas, non-multicultural adolescents were 3.75 times (95% CI 3.34, 4.20) more likely to be depressed. The effect of school violence on suicidal ideation was also stronger for multicultural adolescents. Multicultural adolescents who experienced school violence were 7.78 times (95% CI 4.34, 13.96) more likely to have suicidal ideation than those who did not experience violence, while non-multicultural adolescents were 4.17 times (95% CI 3.64, 4.78) more likely to have suicidal ideation.
Conclusion: Adolescents who experience school violence more frequently showed a higher risk for depression and suicidal ideation, and the effect of school violence on depression and suicidal ideation was relatively stronger in multicultural adolescents.
Massive Health Record Breaches Evidenced by the Office for Civil Rights Data
Authors: W. KOCZKODAJ Waldemar , MASIAK Jolanta , MAZUREK Mirosław , STRZAŁKA Dominik , F. ZABRODSKII Pavel
Published: May 2019

Background: Using data collected by the Office for Civil Rights, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), over half of the population in the USA might have been affected by security breaches since Oct 2009. This study provided analysis of the data, presenting the numbers of individuals affected in one breach and the number of breaches.
Methods: Statistical analysis has been conducted with visualizations. Visualizations include categorized histograms and tables. Histograms are presented as bar charts with categories: location and breach type. Tables show case counts (across top 10 breaches and those with more than one million stolen records) in successive years and covered entity types. All statistics were calculated with the use of package R. Analyzed data were collected from Oct 2009 till Jun 2017.
Results: This study presents evidence of health data breaches taking place at an unprecedented level. Medical records of at least 173 million of people, gathered since Oct 2009, have been breached and might have adversely influenced over half of the population in the USA.
Conclusion: Results of this study are expected to motivate public care authorities to develop similar laws and regulations as the USA while striving for better law enforcement. It takes a considerable amount of time to educate public and it takes substantial financial resources to prevent data breaches.
Effect of Comprehensive Cerebral Protection Program on Cerebral Oxygen Metabolism and Vascular Endothelial Function in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: ZHOU Meihong , HUANG Zhaojun
Published: May 2019

Background: We aimed to explore the effect of comprehensive cerebral protection on cerebral oxygen metabolism and vascular endothelial function in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction.
Methods: A total of 168 elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction treated in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected. The patients were divided into a control group and an observation group using random number method, n=84. Patients in the observation group were given comprehensive cerebral protection treatment, and patients in the control group were treated with conventional standardized treatments. The changes of cerebral oxygen metabolism, hemorheology and vascular endothelial function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.
Results: After treatment, oxygen content in arteries and internal jugular veins (Da-vO2), ofoxygen uptake fraction (OEF), Oxygen saturation (SpO2), nitric oxide (NO) were increased in both groups in comparison to before treatment, jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2), brain oxygen uptake rate (ERO2), endothelin (ET), intracranial pressure (ICP), whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, reduced viscosity of whole blood, and hematocrit were decreased. However, the changes in the observation group were larger than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The treatment of cerebral infarction in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction can effectively improve the cerebral oxygen metabolism and vascular endothelial function and improve the blood rheology, which has important clinical value.
Can the First Web Space Angle Be Predictive of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Authors: UZ Cuma , UMAY Ebru , GUNDOGDU Ibrahim , CAKCI Aytul
Published: May 2019

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent entrapment neuropathy in the upper limb. Although more objective methods for assessment have been reported in literature, there is a lack of evidence concerning the best methods for assessment of CTS. This study aimed to investigate whether there was a difference in the first web space in patients with different severities of CTS in relation to healthy controls as easy screen method.
Methods: This prospective controlled trial was conducted on 126 patients at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Ankara, Turkey, from January 2016 to January 2018. Hand grip and pinch strength of patients were determined. Also, first web angle were measured by goniometer. Patients were divided into 3 CTS groups as electrophysiologically: "mild: group 1", "moderate: group 2" and "severe: group 3". Patient and healthy groups were compared in terms of the evaluation parameters. Comparisons were also made between these groups.
Results: There was significant reduction in hand strengths and first web angle in patient groups compared to healthy groups (P<0.05). Moreover, the first web angle was significantly different between the CTS groups (P= 0.001). The cut-off value for CTS was <38.5º.
Conclusion: The possibility of CTS can be evaluated by measuring the first web space angle with a simple goniometer as a easy and in-expensive method in outpatient clinics.
Serum Biomarkers AFP, CEA And CA19-9 Combined Detection for Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Alhadi EDOO Muhammad Ibrahim , Chutturghoon Vikram Kumar , WUSU-ANSAH Gyabaah Kwabena , ZHU Hai , Yang ZHEN Tao , Yang XIE Hai , ZHENG Shu-Sen
Published: May 2019

Background: We aimed to evaluate the whether AFP levels alone is an adequate screening indicator, or a combination of Generally, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), CA19-9 and CEA could provide a better diagnostic tool in detecting and screening asymptomatic patients with primary hepatic cancer (PHC), and also evaluate the correlation of degree of differentiation with serum biomarker levels.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1362 patients form 2014-2018 who visited the first Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China for health check-ups or were diagnosed with cancer or cirrhosis. We then analyzed preoperative tumor markers level of AFP, CA19-9, and CEA. The standard reference values (AFP ≤20 ng/L CEA ≤ 5 ng/L, and CA19-9  ≤ 37 U/mL) were as positive or negative cut off values. Further, the histological sections of patients were categorized and correlated them with the three serum biomarkers.
Results: Serum AFP, CEA, and CA19-9 levels in the PHC group were significantly higher compared to those with liver cirrhosis and healthy control groups (P < 0.03). With AFP as a single tumor marker for PHC diagnosis, it had a sensitivity of 63.3% with a specificity of 80.8%. AFP combined with CA19-9 and CEA showed specificity of 100%, a sensitivity 2.5% with the positive and negative predictive values of 100% and 22% respectively. Furthermore, histological evaluation revealed the highest AFP level of 9366.14±23902.61 ng/L associated with poorly differentiated HCC, while well-differentiated HCC, had the lowest mean AFP level of 45.19±181.27 ng/L.
Conclusion: Combined serum levels of AFP, CA19-9  and CEA does not provide a superior advantage over AFP alone as a screening and diagnostic tool for HCC detection.
The Frequency of Anemia and Underlying Factors among Iranian Pregnant Women from Provinces with Different Maternal Mortality Rate
Authors: Esmaeil MOTLAGH Mohammad , NASROLLAHPOUR SHIRVANI Seiyed Davoud , TORKESTANI Farahnaz , HASSANZADEH-ROSTAMI Zahra , RABIEE Seyed-Mozaffar , ASHRAFIAN AMIRI Hassan , RADPOOYAN Laleh
Published: May 2019

Background: Anemia is a common nutritional disorder that is more prevalent in pregnant women than other population groups. This study aimed to assess the frequency of anemia and its association with health care determinants among Iranian pregnant women from provinces with different Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR).
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out on 2737 pregnant women referred to public health centers in Iran, 2015. The participants were randomly selected by multistage sampling from six provinces with low, moderate or high MMR. The level of hemoglobin lower than 11 g/dl were defined as anemia in first and third trimester of pregnancy.
Results: The rate of anemia in first and third trimester were respectively 8.2 and 26.7%. The most determinants of anemia among women in both first and third trimester of pregnancy were geographical classes with high MMR, no care before pregnancy, and type of house. Moreover, lower number of previous pregnancies (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.85) and adequate care during pregnancy (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.92) were protected women from anemia and high number of children (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.13 to 3.80) enhanced risk of anemia in first trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, higher body mass index had lower odds of anemia in third trimester.
Conclusion: The rate of anemia is differed in various parts of Iran, and this disorder gets worse in third trimester of pregnancy than first. Strengthening health care programs may be a useful strategies to prevent and control anemia.
The Effects of Economic Crisis on Health of the Serbian Population: What Do We Know So Far?
Authors: POPOVIC Natasa , TERZIC-SUPIC Zorica , ERIC Milos , MARINKOVIC Jelena , SIMIC Snezana
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Therapeutic Effects of Cycling on Disability, Mobility, and Quality of Life in Patients Post Stroke
Authors: SHARIAT Ardalan , Nakhostin ANSARI Noureddin , A. CLELAND Joshua , HAKAKZADEH Azadeh , KORDI Ramin , KARGARFARD Mehdi
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
The Prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies in Reference Laboratory of Kermanshah, Western Iran
Authors: RAHIMI Zohreh , NAJAFI Sozan , MOGHOFEHIE Lila , AMIRI Ebrahim , VAISI-RAYGANI Asad , RAHIMI Ziba
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
The Relation of Cancer Risk with Nitrate Exposure in Drinking Water in Iran
Authors: MORADNIA Maryam , POURSADEGHIYAN Mohsen , Hossein MAHVI Amir , PANAHI FARD Masoud
Published: May 2019

The article abstract not available.
Social Isolation in the Elderly: The Neglected Issue
Authors: SEYFZADEH Ali , HAGHIGHATIAN Mansoor , MOHAJERANI Aliasghar
Published: May 2019

The article abstract not available.
Evaluation of the Effect of Cellular Phones on Salivary Levels of IL-10
Authors: PEDRAMI Ali , ARBABI-KALATI Fateme
Published: May 2019

The abstract not available.
Identifiying Digital Literacy of High School Students: A Case of Hendek
Authors: ARIK Kaan , KIYICI Mübin
Published: May 2019

This research aims to identify digital literacy level of 10 th grade
high school students’ and determine those levels in terms of different
variables. In this study, the research method was performed according to the
relational comparing model as a comparison type. The research population
consists of 948 students from all high schools in the province of Hendek at
Sakarya in 2016-2017 education season year. And the sampling consisted of 394
students from 5 different high schools. Digital Literacy Scale that translated
to Turkish by Hamutoğlu, Güngören, Uyanık and Erdoğan (2017) was used in this
research for data collection tool. Personal information section was added by
reseacher to scale. Standard deviation, frequency analysis, arithmetic
averages, descriptive statistical data, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
and independent sample t-test techniques was used to analyze research. The
level of high school students' digital literacy; doesn’t vary according to
having a personal mobile Internet connection for regular use, the type of
university exam scores gets into university exam score, family economic income,
active time period on Internet. But gender, having a personal computer for
regular use varies according to technical sub-dimensional and active time
period on personal computer varies according to technical, cognitive and social
dimensions.
Review of Studies on Specific Learning Disabilities in Turkey
Authors: GÖRGÜN Bora , MELEKOĞLU Macid Ayhan
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this
study is to review scientific articles, master thesis, thesis of specialization
in Medicine and dissertations on specific learning disabilities which were
published between 1972 and 2017 in Turkey. For this study, ERIC, EBSCO, Council
of Higher Education Thesis Center and Google Scholar databases were searched by
using specific learning disabilities, learning disabilities, learning disorder,
math difficulties, reading difficulties, writing difficulties, writing
disorder, math disorder, reading disorder, dyslexia, dysgraphia and dyscalculia
keywords and 189 studies met the inclusion criteria of this study were
examined. The results show that the number of studies in this field has
increased steadily especially in the last 10 years. It has been observed that
studies have been carried out in a wide range of fields from mathematics to art
and design science in 31 different subjects. Results of this study indicates
that scientific research needs to be increased, especially in interdisciplinary
studies, for the development of the literature on specific learning
disabilities in Turkey. In this context, there is also a need for more
scientific studies on specific learning disabilities in the field of special
education.
The Examination of Relationship Between Behavioral Regulation with Phonological Awareness, Matching Images and Pre-Writing Skills in Preschool Children
Authors: YALÇINTAŞ SEZGİN Elif , ULUS Leyla , ŞAHİN İbrahim
Published: May 2019

Behavior
regulation skills are associated with early academic skills in pre-school
children in the studies. In addition to this, limited number of studies has
been shown relations between behavioral regulation skills and early literacy
skills; phonological awareness, matching images and pre-writing skills. The
study aims at assessing the relation between phonological awareness, matching
images and pre-writing skills which are early literacy skills and behavior
regulation skills in preschool children with regard to age, gender, period of
attending school, number of siblings.144 pre-school children, 68 of whom are
girls and 76 boys, participated from Bursa central districts in the research.
Results show that behavior regulation skills are associated with phonological
awareness and pre-writing skills. When age increases, phonological awareness
scores and matching images scores increase; according to number of siblings,
there is a statistically significant difference pre-writing skills scores;
period of attending school does not affect phonological awareness scores,
matching images scores and pre-writing skills; there is a statistically
significant  difference between
pre-writing scores by gender; the difference shows that girls’ pre-writing
scores are higher than the boys’ pre-writing scores.
Optimizing the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome: focus on increased compliance
Authors: Andreev D. N. , Dicheva D. T.
Published: May 2019

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized by periodic abdominal pain associated with altered bowel habits and/or changes in stool consistency. The chronic course of the disease marked by alternating periods of exacerbation and remission necessitates the long-term use of non-drug and pharmacological methods for the treatment of IBS, which is extremely negative for the patient’s compliance. A strategy for improving compliance of a patient with IBS is the cornerstone that allows a physician to ensure the optimal level of effectiveness of the prescribed therapy and minimize the risk of disease recurrence.
Predisposing factors of intestinal intussusception in older children
Authors: Shidakov I. Kh.
Published: May 2019

The article provides a brief description of the causes and mechanisms of intestinal intussusception and a description of two cases of invagination in children over 7 years. The occurrence of intestinal intussusception in children older than 1 year often has a pathological leading point – a disease or pathological condition, as a result, of the course or complication of which it is possible to introduce one section of the intestine into another. Two children, 8 and 7 years old, were hospitalized at our clinic with signs of acute surgical pathology in the abdominal cavity, were operated on in an emergency order. In both cases, necrosis of the intestinal area, as a result, of invagination was detected, resection and anastomosis were performed. The leading points in these cases were Schönlein-Genoch purpura and Peutz-Jeghers polyps. Invagination of the intestines in these diseases occurs with atypical clinical symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose in time and leads to more frequent development of ischemia and necrosis of the intestinal wall.
Safety profile of pharmacotherapy in paitionts with non-alcogolic fatty liver disease
Authors: Peresada E. I. , Seliverstov P. V. , Vavilova T. V. , Basharin V. A. , Radchenko V. G.
Published: May 2019

NAFLD is a leader among chronic liver diseases worldwide. Polymorbidity of such patients requires the appointment of different groups of drugs. The quality of pharmacological correction, which is determined in achieving the desired therapeutic effect and the absence of adverse reactions of the therapy, depends on the functional state of the liver. In diseases of the liver clearance of drugs is reduced, and the period of their half-life increases. Thus, drugs with high hepatic extraction may increase the risk of overdose. In this connection, prior to therapy, laboratory and instrumental control of liver function is necessary to reduce the risk of its drug damage, side effects of pharmacotherapy and prevention of complications.