bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF TOPICAL TREATMENT WITH EUPHORBIA TIRUCALLI LATEX ON THE SURVIVAL AND INTESTINAL ADHESIONS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS
Authors: ARAÚJO Lilhian Alves de , MRUÉ Fátima , NEVES Roberpaulo Anacleto , ALVES Maxley Martins , SILVA-JÚNIOR Nelson Jorge da , SILVA Marcelo Seixo de Brito , MELO-REIS Paulo Roberto de
Published: January 2016

Background: The use of plants of the family Euphorbiaceae, particularly Euphorbia tirucalli (avelós) has been popularly widespread for treating a variety of diseases of infectious, tumoral, and inflammatory. Aim: To demonstrated antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of these extracts, evaluating the effect of a topical treatment with an aqueous solution of avelós latex on the survival and on intestinal adhesions in rats with experimental peritonitis. Methods: Peritonitis was induced in 24 Wistar rats, that were randomized into four groups of six as follows: (1) Control group (n=6), no treatment; (2) Antibiotic group (n=6), treatment with a single intramuscular dose of antibiotic Unasyn; (3) Saline group (n=6), the abdominal cavity was washed with 0.9% saline; and (4) E.tirucalli group (n=6), the abdominal cavity was washed with E. tirucalli at a concentration of 12 mg/ml. The animals that died were necropsied, and the time of death was recorded. The survivors were killed on postoperative day 11, and necropsy was subsequently performed for evaluation of the intestinal adhesions. Results: Significant differences were observed in the control and antibiotic groups (p<0.01) with respect to the survival hours when compared with the saline and E. tirucalli groups. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the survival of animals in the saline and E. tirucalli groups; however, one animal died in the saline group. Necropsy of the animals in the saline and E. tirucalli groups showed strong adhesions resistant to manipulation, between the intestinal loops and abdominal wall. The remaining groups did not show any adhesions. Conclusions: Topical treatment with E. tirucalli latex stimulated an increased formation of intestinal adhesions and prevented the death of all animals with peritonitis.
Investigation of sewage contamination using steroid indexes in sediments of the Guajará Estuary (Amazon coast, Brazil)
Authors: Gomes Heyde Gonçalves , Kawakami Silvia Keiko , Taniguchi Satie , Souza Filho Pedro Walfir , Montone Rosalinda Carmela
Published: January 2016

Abstract Amazonian aquatic systems are usually associated with pristine waters, however, irregular urban occupation of the hydrographic basins and sewerage deficiencies may lead to point and diffuse contamination. Sewage contamination in intertidal surface sediments from the Guajará Estuary, Brazilian Amazon coast, was evaluated using a set of steroids as biomarkers. Sediments collected along the urbanized margin were also analyzed for chlorophyll a, total organic carbon and grain sizes. Coprostanol, the main fecal sterol, was found at concentrations varying from 0.06 to 7.93 µg g-1 dry sediment, following the sequence Tucunduba > Ver-o-Peso > Porto da Palha > Tamandaré > Icoaraci > Miramar. Mixed sources of organic matter and coastal process probably concurred to produce weak correlations among the parameters. Plant derived sterols, including n-C30 alcohol and β-amyrinyl alkanoates, were clearly abundant, but they did not preclude the use of other steroid signals to the assessment of sewage contamination. High values of the steroid indexes involving 5α and 5β stanols and stanones highlighted sewage contamination at the sites with the lowest absolute coprostanol concentrations. The predominance of 5β stanols indicated a chronically sewage contamination of the area.
The motor deficits caused by Parkinson's disease are not able to block adjustments for a safe strategy during obstacle crossing in individuals with moderate disease
Authors: Pereira Vinícius Alota Ignácio , Barbieri Fabio Augusto , Vitório Rodrigo , Simieli Lucas , Lirani-Silva Ellen , Orcioli-Silva Diego , Gobbi Lilian Teresa Bucken
Published: January 2016

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify whether patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are able to adjust their motor behavior according to restrictions imposed by the task instruction during walking with obstacle crossing. Eighteen elderly people (moderate motor compromise) with a diagnosis of PD walked on a pathway and cross an obstacle according to the following conditions: walking at preferred velocity; walking at maximum vertical elevation of the feet to cross the obstacle; walking at maximum step length to cross the obstacle; walking at maximum velocity. The modulations were directly related to the instructions provided to patients with PD before performing each task, which seems to indicate that attentional cues can influence and benefit strategies during obstacle crossing. In conclusion, patients with PD are able to adjust walking during obstacle crossing according to instructions given to them, which increases their safety.
There Is No Evidence of Geographical Patterning among Invasive Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) Populations in the Northern Great Plains
Authors: Dennhardt Lauren A. , DeKeyser Edward S. , Tennefos Sarah A. , Travers Steven E.
Published: January 2016

The study of colonizing and of dominant grass species is essential for prairie conservation efforts. We sought to answer how naturalized Kentucky bluegrass in the northern Great Plains has become successful in the last 20 yr despite its long history in the northern Great Plains. We tested for evidence of geographical differentiation using flow cytometry and microsatellite markers to ascertain the population genetics of Kentucky bluegrass. Across all tested wild populations, high levels of genetic diversity were detected along with moderate levels of structure. Mantel tests of geographical patterns were not significant. Using clonal assignment, we found two major clones that made up the majority of the tested wild populations. When we compared the wild individuals to pedigree cultivars, we found virtually no genetic overlap across all tests, which did not support our hypothesis of developed cultivars contributing to high genetic diversity in natural populations. Furthermore, DNA content tests indicated a narrow range in ploidy in wild populations compared with lawn cultivars, further supporting a hypothesis of divergence between wild and pedigree cultivars. These results indicate the recent invasion of Kentucky bluegrass in the northern Great Plains is not because of adaptation or propagule pressure, but rather likely an environmental or land use shift.
A identidade religiosa na antroponímia de Marechal Cândido Rondon
Authors: Sipavicius Seide Márcia
Published: January 2016

Resumo: Este artigo investiga a escolha de nomes por motivação religiosa em Marechal Cândido Rondon, município situado no oeste do estado do Paraná, com base em três corpora, um de 2012, coletado de relatos de alunos do 2o.ano de Letras; outro de 2013, de questionários aplicados a alunos do 4º. ano de Letras; e uma amostra de certidões de nascimento – 500 nomes, no total, cobrindo o período de 1961 a 2001. A pesquisa tem como pressupostos que os nomes próprios são caracterizados por apresentar lema e função de nome próprio (LANGENDONCK, 2007) e serem resultado de uma escolha consciente por parte do designador da qual resulta um fato onomástico cuja análise requer estudos interdisciplinares. Os resultados mostram uma diminuição da escolha de nomes por motivo religioso, a qual não está relacionada a uma diminuição na religiosidade, mas, sim, a mudanças no conceito de identidade religiosa.Palavras-chave: Onomástica; antroponímia; identidade religiosa.Abstract: This paper investigates proper name’s choice for religious motives in Marechal Cândido Rondon, a city located on the West side of the state of Paraná in the South of Brazil. This research is based on three corpora: one collected in 2012 from reports of 2nd.-year students of Letters; another collected in 2013 from questionnaires given to 4th-year students of Letters; and a sample of 500 birth certificates from 1960 to 2000. The article assumes the point of view that anthroponymy is characterized by presenting lemma and function for the first name’s choice (LANGENDONCK, 2007); therefore naming is a result of a conscious choice by the designator, which generates an onomastic fact that requires interdisciplinary studies to be analyzed. The results show a reduction on choices of names for religious motives, and also that this is not related to a decrease in religiosity, but rather to changes in religious identity conception.Keywords: Onomastics; Anthroponymy; Religious Identity.
A Semiologia de Saussure como Epistemologia do Conhecimento
Authors: Beividas Waldir
Published: January 2016

Resumo: Este texto apresenta argumentos para demonstrar a hipótese ampla de que o princípio de arbitrariedade do signo linguístico de Ferdinand de Saussure, tomado em sua radicalidade, e a proposição da Semiologia, disciplina a examinar em todas as suas consequências a presença e inserção do signo na vida humana, deixam entrever uma singular epistemologia discursiva. Os objetivos imediatos deste artigo procuram obter os primeiros resultados parciais: a demonstração da radicalidade do princípio saussuriano perante leituras que a minimizaram, senão tentaram neutralizá-la e a demonstração de que o ato semiológico dele derivado é mais que ato comunicativo de linguagem. É coerção inelutável da nossa apreensão e percepção do mundo. A metodologia seguida no raciocínio é inspirada nas reflexões epistemológicas do matemático R. Thom: a da estimulação da intuição na busca de novas simetrias implícitas escondidas nos fenômenos e ainda não conceptualizadas no campo geral da disciplina a que se submete. No presente caso, trata-se da busca da nova potencialidade epistemológica da ciência semiológica de Saussure.Palavras-chave: semiologia; arbitrariedade; epistemologia; signo; conhecimento.Abstract: The text presents first arguments to demonstrate the broad assumption that the principle of arbitrariness of the linguistic sign of Ferdinand de Saussure, taken in its radicalism, and the proposition of Semiology, discipline to examine the consequences of the presence and insertion of the sign in human life, they suggest a natural discursive epistemology. The immediate objectives of this article sought the first partial results: the demonstration of the radical nature of the Saussurean principle before readings that minimized, and tried to neutralize it, and the evidence that the semiology act thereof is a more communicative act of language. It is inescapable coercion of our apprehension and perception of the world. The methodology used in reasoning that is inspired by the epistemological reflections of the mathematician R. Thom: the stimulation of intuition in the search for new implied symmetry hidden in the phenomena and not yet conceptualized in the general field of the discipline undergoing. In this case, it is the new search for the epistemological power of Saussure’s Semiology.Keywords: Semiology; Arbitrariness; Epistemology; Sign, Knowledge.
Cervical root schwannoma: a case series
Authors: Nikte Harshad , Virmani Nitish , Dabholkar Jyoti
Published: January 2016

Cervical root schwannoma is an infrequent benign peripheral nerve tumor though those arising from high cervical spinal root are common amongst the spinal schwannomas. This mass commonly presents as a slow growing, asymptomatic, solitary neck mass with rare potential of   malignant degeneration. Displacement of Internal jugular vein and carotids anteriorly is frequently seen though abutment of esophagus is uncommon. Pre operative diagnosis can be established with imaging and Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Complete Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Horner’s syndrome is the most common post operative neurological manifestation. Here we have recorded clinical features intra-operative findings and surgical histopathology. We have described a case of 19 year old male with cellular schwannoma of cervical sympathetic chain with intraspinal extension and arising from C5-C8 level. Another case of cervical root schwannoma is described in a 5 year old girl arising at C4-C5 level. Complete surgical excision was done for both patients with no postoperative neurological affection. The clinico-pathological evaluation and management are described
Leonor Ludlow (coord.), El sustento económico de las revoluciones de México
Authors: Solís Rosales Ricardo
Published: January 2016

No contiene resumen.
Time series modeling of biochemical oxygen demand at the upstream catchment of Feitsui Reservoir, Taiwan
Authors: Chiu Yung-Chia , Chiang Chih-Wei , Lee Tsung-Yu
Published: January 2016

The adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has been proposed to model the time series of water quality data in this study. The biochemical oxygen demand data collected at the upstream catchment of Feitsui Reservoir in Taiwan for more than 20 years are selected as the target water quality variable. The classical statistical technique of the Box-Jenkins method is applied for the selection of appropriate input variables and data pre-processing of using differencing is implemented during the model development. The time series data obtained by ANFIS models are compared to those obtained by autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). The results show that the ANFIS model identified at each sampling station is superior to the respective ARIMA and ANN models. The R values at all sampling stations of the training and testing datasets are 0.83–0.98 and 0.81–0.89, respectively, except at Huang-ju-pi-liao station. ANFIS models can provide accurate predictions for complex hydrological processes, and can be extended to other areas to improve the understanding of river pollution trends. The procedure of input selection and the pre-processing of input data proposed in this study can stimulate the usage of ANFIS in other related studies.
Composting Roadkill: Research and Implementation by the Virginia Department of Transportation
Authors: Donaldson Bridget M. , Wilson David L. , Moruza Audrey K. , White James W.
Published: January 2016

More than 1.2 million deer–vehicle collisions occurred in the United States in 2014. Transportation departments are the primary agencies responsible for the removal and disposal of millions of wildlife killed on roads each year. In 2009, researchers at the Virginia Transportation Research Council began investigating composting as a means of roadkill management. This research was a response to the shortcomings of landfill and burial (the most common means of disposal in the United States) cited by transportation maintenance staff. Disposal challenges with these methods included long travel distances to landfills, landfill restrictions and costs, and the lack of viable burial areas. This paper summarizes a series of composting studies and describes the implementation efforts that led to a successful composting program for the Virginia Department of Transportation (Virginia DOT). Three roadkill composting methods were found to be effective: static compost windrows, a forced aeration system, and a rotary drum. The study findings of high temperatures, pathogen destruction, and nominal contaminant concentrations in leachate established that these composting methods are not sources of water contamination or pathogen spread. Successful pilot studies at Virginia DOT maintenance facilities led to a growing interest in adopting this method of roadkill management. Implementation efforts included coordination and training within the Virginia DOT and a regulatory agreement with the state environmental agency that allows the Virginia DOT to conduct composting without the more stringent requirements that apply to other types of material. The research findings, implementation efforts, and lessons learned described in this paper will be useful for transportation departments interested in composting as a means of roadkill management.
Dietary pattern of rachitic children at selected geographical area
Authors: Yasmin Nahid , Ahmad SK Akhtar , Sayed MH Salimullah , Khan Manzurul Haque , Karim Md Nazmul
Published: January 2016

Rickets causes bone deformities through the impaired mineralization of actively growing bone affecting young children in developing countries and frequently found in Africa, Asia and Middle Eastern countries. This cross sectional study was conducted with a view to assess the dietary pattern among the rachitic children among the 151 subjects of 3 north-eastern districts of Bangladesh. Out of 151 subjects 52 were having at least one visible sign of rickets and considered as rickets case. Rest of the subjects was from their neighborhoods with no such symptoms or sign. More than half of the rachitic children were aged between 6 to 15 years, with a mean of 8.61+4.07 years. Almost all of the respondents were from low family income group. Subjects were primarily children of parents with low level of education. Most frequent complaints of the patients were bending of leg and leg pain. Average intake of calcium containing food in rachitic children was lower than normal subjects and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The commonest food intake other than rice in last seven days was chapatti, which contains phytate & it is a known antagonist of calcium. Average protein intake is also found lower in the rickets patients than normal group. Insufficiency of dietary calcium is thought to be the underlying cause.Bangladesh Med J. 2014 Sep; 43 (3): 151-156
De l’informalité à la « transparence »
Authors: Fischer Nicolas
Published: January 2016

En mobilisant des sources de presse et archivistiques, cette contribution propose un retour socio-historique sur trois séquences « critiques » de réforme de la rétention des étrangers en France. Le rapprochement de ces trois périodes – les années 1975-1984, le seuil des années 2000, et enfin la période 2007-2010 – révèle en premier lieu l’institutionnalisation de la rétention, pratique policière informelle progressivement codifiée et amplifiée. Elle souligne surtout la configuration particulière dans laquelle s’inscrit l’institution à chacune de ses réformes : dès les années 1980, chaque centre accueille en effet des militants associatifs officiellement mandatés pour assister les étrangers, mais qui conservent également la faculté de dénoncer publiquement certaines situations observées sur le terrain. Chaque réforme de l’organisation des centres de rétention est alors simultanément l’occasion de réexaminer les conditions de l’expression légitime de cette critique et les formats qu’elle peut adopter. Mais l’existence de cette critique associative « instituée » tend également à modifier les conditions dans lesquelles ces réformes mêmes sont débattues, en élargissant l’arène de discussion à de nouveaux acteurs ou de nouvelles thématiques.
Division morale du travail et recompositions du sens de l’enfermement en Centre éducatif fermé
Authors: Frauenfelder Arnaud , Nada Éva , Bugnon Géraldine
Published: January 2016

Sur la base d’une enquête réalisée dans un CEF de Suisse romande, cet article éclaire le rôle des transformations récentes du champ d’intervention professionnelle dans le processus de recomposition du sens de l’enfermement. À partir de l’analyse des « rivalités » de territoires opposant groupes installés, éducateurs et maîtres socio-professionnels, et nouveaux entrants, agents de détention et corps médical, cet article vise à montrer que la nouvelle économie morale de l’enfermement s’explique moins par les mutations de l’« esprit » des lois pénales que par l’augmentation des rapports d’interdépendance et de concurrence entre les groupes concernés qui s’accompagnent d’une légitimation « savante » du cadre contenant.
Industrial Competitiveness in MENA Countries
Authors: Fernández M. Teresa Fernández , Pablo-Marti Federico
Published: January 2016

This chapter aims to highlight how the processes of trade and supranational integration through its requirements have a remarkable influence in improving the industrial competitiveness of MENA countries. First, there is a brief overview of the industrial structure of the MENA countries, paying particular attention to the aspects linked to its industrial competitiveness. Second, the industrial policies aimed to promo the competitiveness of the industry are analysed for each country. In the conclusions, we can see that many countries show a diversity of industrial development and industrial strategies and state that the countries that have opted for supranational integration and international trade are showing a faster and more competitive industrial development.
Iris Identification System
Authors: Poonguzhali N. , Ezhilarasan M.
Published: January 2016

Recent research on iris is not only on recognition; emerging trends are also in medical diagnostics, personality identification. The iris based recognition system rely on patterns/textures present in the iris, the color of the iris, visible features present in the iris, geometric features of the iris and the SIFT features. An overview of biometric generation is presented. Human iris can be viewed as a multilayered structure in its anterior view. The iris consists of three zones, the pupillary zone, collarette and the ciliary zone. The texture features present in the pupillary zone and collarette are used for identification. As these features are closer to the pupil they are not affected by the occlusion caused by eyelid or eyelashes. The geometric features of the iris can also be used for human identification. The structure of the iris is more related to the geometric shape and hence the extraction of these features is also possible. An overview of the performance metrics to evaluate a biometric system is also presented.
Skill Building for Virtual Teams
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: January 2016

Advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are creating new opportunities for organizations to build and manage virtual teams. Such teams are composed of employees with unique skills, located a distance from each other, who must collaborate to accomplish important organizational tasks. As such, it is very important for organizations to identify and develop skills that critical for virtual teams to succeed. Participation in and management of virtual teams comes with its own unique challenges and opportunities. This chapter explores virtual teams, their benefits and challenges to organizations, and provide ways to ensure that virtual team members and leaders in their organizations have the skills, competencies and tools needed to succeed. Specific recommendations to improve skills of virtual teams are also provided.
Designing and Managing ERP Systems for Virtual Enterprise Strategy
Authors: Wan Yi , Clegg Ben
Published: January 2016

The business environment today is transforming towards a collaborative context compounded by multi-organizational cooperation and related information system infrastructures. This chapter aims to examine Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems development and emerging practices in the management of multi-organizational enterprises and identify the circumstances under which the so-called ‘ERPIII' systems fit into the Virtual Enterprise paradigm; and vice versa. An empirical inductive study was conducted using case studies from successful companies in the UK and China. Data were collected through 48 semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the Grounded-Theory based Methodology (GTM) to derive a set of 29 tentative propositions which were then validated via a questionnaire survey to further propose a novel conceptual framework referred to as the ‘Dynamic Enterprise Reference Grid for ERP (DERG-ERP)'; which can be used for innovative decision-making about how ERP information systems and multi-organizational enterprises – particularly the Virtual Enterprise may be co-developed.
The Use of Virtual Reality Tools for the Assessment of Executive Functions and Unilateral Spatial Neglect
Authors: Pedroli Elisa , Serino Silvia , Giglioli Alice Chicchi , Pallavicini Federica , Cipresso Pietro , Riva Giuseppe
Published: January 2016

Virtual Reality is one of the most promising tools in the development of new methods for neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation. Neuropsychological assessment is typically carried out by administering paper-and-pencil tests to patients. However, these tests have some limitations, due to the fact that they are not effectively able to evaluate the subject's performance of daily activities. To cope with this void, neuropsychologists base their evaluation on their clinical experience, often successfully. Nevertheless, this is not an evidence-based practice, thus it is not considered optimal from a medical decision-making perspective. More recently, however, the increasing accessibility of advanced technology such as virtual reality has opened new possibilities for neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation. Starting with this frame, the chapter explores the changes that have occurred over time in the neuropsychological assessment and rehabilitation up to the most recent VR-based tools. In particular, we will present a VR-based PC tool for the assessment of executive functions, and a VR-based mobile tool for the assessment and rehabilitation of unilateral spatial neglect. In accordance with the literature, we show the potential for virtual reality, highlighting the advantages, limitations, and the possible future challenges.
Low-Cost, Home-Oriented Neuro-Patient Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Ting , Lu Jiang , Ma Rui , K. M. Koushik , Li Xin
Published: January 2016

Despite the extremely high medical cost of neuro-disorder diseases (NDDs), up to this point we still rely on labor-intensive observations to determine neuro-disorder symptoms. Therefore, it is critical to design a gait anomaly and motor disorder (GAMD) recognition system for accurate capture of NDD symptoms. Such an automatic GAMD monitoring system has to be low-cost, and uses highly motion-sensitive sensors and accurate GAMD pattern recognition algorithms. In this chapter we have introduced our low-cost, home-oriented system architecture that aims to monitor neurodisorder patients. Our system can be used for both daytime and nighttime patient motion disorder monitoring, and link those motor disorders to specific neuro diseases. The three major contributions of this research are: (1) Adaptive determination of GAMD observation window size via on-line signal segmentation; (2) Nighttime motor disorder capture through multi-manifold fusion and learning; and (3) Daytime accurate capture of abnormal gaits through delicate signal pattern analysis. We also proposed to use both in-lab and practical clinical test to study the performance of the low-cost, home-oriented neuro-disorder monitoring platform the ItMAGIC mechanisms.
Activities and Evaluations for Technology-Based Upper Extremity Rehabilitation
Authors: Annett Michelle , Anderson Fraser , Bischof Walter F.
Published: January 2016

Recent advances in projection and sensing have resulted in an increased adoption of virtual reality, video games, and interactive interfaces to improve patient compliance with rehabilitation programs. In this chapter, we describe the application of multi-touch tabletop surfaces to physical and occupational rehabilitation programs that are focused on the upper extremities. First, we detail the participatory design processes undertaken with local physical and occupational therapists to design and integrate a ‘patient-friendly' multi-touch tabletop system in their workplace. We then explore the design considerations that informed the development of a suite of sixteen multi-touch interactive activities. The design considerations highlighted the need for customization and flexibility in the software, as well as the importance of supporting a variety of activity types. We then detail the laboratory-based methods that were used to evaluate the efficacy of the activity interventions as well as our deployment of the system in a local rehabilitation hospital. Our evaluation, which employed both qualitative and quantitative components (i.e., the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, semi-structured interviews, kinetics and kinematics recorded from motion trackers and an electromyogram recorder), determined that it is the design of activities, rather than the utilization of technology itself, that impacts the success of technology-assisted rehabilitation. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of our system and its deployment.
Facilitating Student Interaction and Collaboration in a MOOC Environment
Authors: Brunvand Stein
Published: January 2016

Collaborative learning facilitates the clarification of ideas, provides access to peer-feedback and promotes the sharing of diverse and alternate perspectives (Stacey, 2007). Guardia, Maina and Sangra (2013) identified collaborative learning as a key design principle for MOOCs and the interactions facilitated through this kind of learning are often considered to be as valuable as the direct instruction provided by the teacher (Stewart, 2013). This chapter explores a variety of technologies and pedagogical approaches that can be employed in a MOOC environment to promote collaboration and student interaction. Benefits and drawbacks of these strategies are considered in order to help guide decisions about the instructional design of MOOCs.
Hotel Spa and Wellness Services in Crete
Authors: Sotiriadis Marios D.
Published: January 2016

The focus of this contribution is on the analysis of main components and characteristics of Spa & Wellness Services provided by hotel businesses in Crete, Greece. A brief definition of the concept and a typology are presented in the first section. A business environment analysis with the main trends and developments in this field is the topic of the second section. This is followed by the main section reporting on a field research conducted in 2012 in Crete, Greece. This research has been carried out by applying the method of a personal interview to hotel & spa managers offering these types of services. In particular, the following issues have been investigated: Services, Products and equipment, Consulting services, Human resources, Financial issues, Market, and Business performance conditions. This means that a marketing analysis requires an integrated approach to all related business managerial issues. The main conclusions of this research lead in shaping and defining a framework of factors for successful Spa and Wellness services in a well-established holiday destination.
Tourism, Terrorism, Morality, and Marketing
Authors: Tarlow Peter E.
Published: January 2016

A short time after the January 2015 Paris attacks, the city was quiet, perhaps too quiet. Associated press reporters noted that the tourists have simply gone. In a mid –January news article by Thomas Adamson perhaps summed up the situation best when it stated: “Among the tourists who were still braving visits, many took comfort in the extra security presences. With 10,000 troops deployed across the country including 6,000 in the Paris region alone, the security operation put in motion after the attacks is the most extensive in French soil in recent history The (Bryan Texas) Eagle, page A-3, January 19, 2015). The dearth of tourists however was short lived, as the French were able to assure the world that they had taken full control of the situation, employed some ten thousand troops to sensitive locales, and have given the impression that the terrorist attacks were an anomaly. The terrorism attacks in many parts of Europe remind us that terrorism is as much about purposeful negative marketing as it is about death and destruction.
Integrating E-SERVQUAL and Kano Model into Quality Function Deployment to Improve Website Service Quality: An Application to University's Website
Authors: Kesuma Dorie Pandora , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar , Meyliana  , Phusavat Kongkiti , Chahyati Dina
Published: January 2016

Today's internet technology has been utilized in various fields, one of which is to provide services in the field of education. Internet technology in the form of website enables organizations to provide anywhere anytime services to their customers, thus it is expected increasing customers' satisfaction. This research aims to develop a service design framework that can be used to evaluate the quality of website service at the university and formulate solutions for its improvement, by combining E-SERVQUAL, Kano Model, and Quality Function Deployment (QFD). To demonstrate the use of the proposed framework, we conducted a case study in one of the private universities in Palembang, Indonesia. Step by step of the framework usage is discussed, to provide a better understanding of the framework we are proposing.
Quality Measures for Semantic Web Application
Authors: Rao Adiraju Prasanth
Published: January 2016

The Semantic Web is a standard of Common Data Formats on WWW with aim to convert the current web data of unstructured and semi-structured documents into a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across applications, enterprises. The main purpose of the Semantic Web is driving the evolution of the current Web by enabling users to find, share, and combine information more easily. Humans are capable of using the Web to carry out tasks such as searching for the lowest price for a LAPTOP. However, machines cannot accomplish all of these tasks without human direction, because web pages are designed to be read by people, not machines. The semantic web is a vision of information that can be readily interpreted by machines, so machines can perform more of the tedious work involved in finding, combining, and acting upon information on the web. The chapter presents the architecture of semantic web, its challenging issues and also data quality principles. These principles provide a better decision making within organization and will maximize long term data integration and interoperability.
Big Data Virtualization and Visualization
Authors: Adeel Muhammad
Published: January 2016

With the recent explosion of internet usage as well as more and more devices are being hooked up with the cloud, big data is becoming a phenomena to tackle with. Big data management was initially a question of concern for only the big commercial players such as Google, Yahoo, Microsoft and others. But it has now become a concern for others, too. According to recent estimates, big data will continue to grow from terabytes into exabytes and beyond. This data needs to be made available for an organization's own use as well can be made available for scientific and commercial needs to the interested entities. This can include different user segments such as academia, industry etc. Academic use of big data is for further research and enablement of big data over cloud, working with it in containers, usage in virtualized environments etc. This generates a need for a sustainable infrastructure which can hold and maintain big data with opportunities for extended processing.
Puesta en valor de yacimientos arqueológicos amortizados. La hipótesis virtual al servicio de la arqueología de gestión y la difusión cultural. El yacimiento medieval de La Poza. Baltanás (Palencia)
Authors: Almeida Olmedo José R. , Cruz Sánchez Pedro J. , Martín Rodríguez Eva Mª
Published: January 2016

The archaeological site of La Poza in Baltanás (Palencia) provides new data on medieval rural society in the area of El Cerrato between the ninth and thirteenth centuries. Again emergency archaeology has allowed the recovery of a settlement destined to disappear new data that provide insight into early medieval domestic architecture held in perishable materials.
Vallejo y Picasso: "en humanidad su arte, en arte su guerra"
Authors: Fauzetdinova Adel R
Published: January 2016

At the Second International Congress of Antifascist Writers César Vallejo viewed Guernica, Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece that influenced Vallejo’s magnificent collection of poems Spain, Take This Cup from Me. Both works and their numerous manuscripts and sketches reveal the dialog between Picasso and Vallejo within a rupture that they create in order to build a new humanity. Both artists erase the concept of enemy and focus on the victims instead, raise the notion of politics from mere ideology to a natural human preoccupation and strive to rebuild the humanity with the people's art as its fabric since it is humanity, not politics, that nourishes their art, and it is the people's art that sustains the humanity.
TESTE DA ANTIGLOBULINA HUMANA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Vizzoni Alexandre Gomes , Da Silva Flavia Regina Medeiros
Published: January 2016

O teste de antiglobulina pode ser utilizado na detecção de hemácias sensibilizadas por aloanticorpos, autoanticorpos e/ou componentes do complemento. A sensibilização pode ocorrer in vivo ou in vitro. A detecção da sensibilização das hemácias in vitro é determinada pela técnica de antiglobulina indireta ou coombs indireto, podendo ser aplicada para os testes de compatibilidade, triagem de anticorpos irregulares, identificação de anticorpos irregulares, fenotipagem eritrocitária e estudos de titulação de anticorpos, enquanto que a sensibilização in vivo é determinada pelo teste de antiglobulina direta ou Coombs direto. A interpretação de um teste de antiglobulina positivo exige o conhecimento do diagnóstico do paciente, avaliação das medicações em uso, gravidez e história transfusional, assim como a informação de presença de anemia hemolítica autoimune. Somente o resultado sorológico do teste não é diagnóstico, devendo ser avaliado em conjunto com os dados clínicos e demais dados laboratoriais, tais quais como: hematócrito, bilirrubina, haptoglobina e contagem de reticulócitos.
SERVIÇO DE DISPENSAÇÃO: APRESENTAÇÃO DE MODELO ESTRUTURADO EM UMA FARMÁCIA UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Cardoso Thaissa Costa , Sousa Juliana Teotônio Mota , Ferreira Tatyana Xavier Almeida Matteucci , Morais Cássio Antônio Egídio , Prudente Luciana Resende , Lopes Flavio Marques , Dewulf Nathalie De Lourdes Souza
Published: January 2016

Com os crescentes custos relacionados à morbidade e mortalidade associadas ao uso inadequado dos medicamentos, o resgate da função do farmacêutico dentro das farmácias comunitárias realizando a dispensação se tornou necessário. Porém a falta de modelos padronizados é um obstáculo para a prática adequada desse profissional e a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos no intuito de reduzir os custos associados ao uso inadequado. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar uma experiência sobre um serviço de dispensação que foi estruturado em uma farmácia universitária no município de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil, a partir de legislações vigentes e modelos propostos na literatura.O modelo de serviço de dispensação proposto demonstrou-se adequado às necessidades da farmácia universitária e capaz de identificar Problemas Relacionados ao Medicamento e evitar possíveis Resultados Negativos associados ao Medicamento. Este é uma alternativa para a estruturação de serviços de dispensação em outras farmácias comunitárias para a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos e redução de custos associados ao seu uso inadequado.
PESQUISA DE Listeria monocytogenes EM QUEIJO MUÇARELA FATIADO COMERCIALIZADO EM ESTABELECIMENTOS VAREJISTAS NA CIDADE DE GOIÂNIA, GO.
Authors: Alves Virgínia , Lima Ana Clara Melo , Toubas Luiza Chaul , Pereira Aline Neves , Silva Geovanna Bárbara henrique correia da , Torres Ieda Maria sapateiro
Published: January 2016

Listeria monocytogenes é o agente causal da listeriose, uma doença de caráter oportunista e grave, que afeta especialmente gestantes, neonatos, idosos e imunodeprimidos. Os alimentos são os principais veículos de transmissão da bactéria, sendo considerados de alto risco especialmente os prontos para consumo, que apresentam longa vida de prateleira sob refrigeração e são consumidos sem aquecimento prévio, como é o caso de diversos derivados lácteos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a presença de L. monocytogenes em amostras queijo muçarela fatiado, adquiridas no comércio varejista de Goiânia (GO). 34 amostras do produto foram analisadas no Laboratório de Pesquisa em controle de Qualidade de Alimentos e Medicamentos da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Goiás. As análises foram conduzidas de acordo com o protocolo preconizado pelo Food and Drug Administration. Os resultados foram confirmados com o kit API Listeria. A presença de L. monocytogenes foi detectada em quatro (11,75%) das 34 amostras de queijo muçarela avaliadas, e a presença de L. innocua em uma (2,9%) das amostras. Apesar de, no Brasil, ainda não ter sido possível estabelecer a relação entre alimentos e doença, os resultados do presente estudo evidenciam que o queijo muçarela fatiado pode atuar como importante veículo para transmissão da bactéria, constituindo, dessa forma, risco para os consumidores.
On Some Properties of *-annihilators and *-maximal Ideals in Rings with Involution
Authors: Shatila Maya A.
Published: January 2016

We describe the ∗-right annihilator  (∗-left anihilator) of a subset of a ring and we investigate the relationships between the right annihilator  and ∗-right annihilator. These connections permit the transfer of various properties from annihilators to ∗-annihilators . It is known that the quotient ring constructed from a ring and a maximal ideal is a field, whereas we prove that the quotient ring constructed from a ring and a *-maximal ideal is not a *-field. Equivalent definitions to ∗-regular ring are given.
Patient-Derived Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells From Gingival Fibroblasts Composited With Defined Nanohydroxyapatite/Chitosan/Gelatin Porous Scaffolds as Potential Bone Graft Substitutes
Authors: Ji Jun , Tong Xin , Huang Xiaofeng , Zhang Junfeng , Qin Haiyan , Hu Qingang
Published: January 2016

Human embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells have always been the cell source for bone tissue engineering. However, their limitations are obvious, including ethical concerns and/or a short lifespan. The use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could avoid these problems. Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) is an important component of natural bone and bone tissue engineering scaffolds. However, its regulation on osteogenic differentiation with hiPSCs from human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from patient-derived hGFs regulated by nHA/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds with different nHA ratios, such as HCG-111 (1 wt/vol% nHA) and HCG-311 (3 wt/vol% nHA). First, hGFs were reprogrammed into hiPSCs, which have enhanced osteogenic differentiation capability. Second, HCG-111 and HCG-311 scaffolds were successfully synthesized. Finally, hiPSC/HCG complexes were cultured in vitro or subcutaneously transplanted into immunocompromised mice in vivo. The osteogenic differentiation effects of two types of HCG scaffolds on hiPSCs were assessed for up to 12 weeks. The results showed that HCG-311 increased osteogenic-related gene expression of hiPSCs in vitro proved by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and hiPSC/HCG-311 complexes formed much bone-like tissue in vivo, indicated by cone-beam computed tomography imaging, H&E staining, Masson staining, and RUNX-2, OCN immunohistochemistry staining. In conclusion, our study has shown that osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was improved by HCG-311. The mechanism might be that the nHA addition stimulates osteogenic marker expression of hiPSCs from hGFs. Our work has provided an innovative autologous cell-based bone tissue engineering approach with soft tissues such as clinically abundant gingiva.

Significance

The present study focused on patient-personalized bone tissue engineering. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were established from clinically easily derived human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and defined nanohydroxyapatite/chitosan/gelatin (HCG) scaffolds. hiPSCs derived from hGFs had better osteogenesis capability than that of hGFs. More interestingly, osteogenic differentiation of hiPSCs from hGFs was elevated significantly when composited with HCG-311 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. The present study has uncovered the important role of different nHA ratios in HCG scaffolds in osteogenesis induction of hiPSCs derived from hGFs. This technique could serve as a potential innovative approach for bone tissue engineering, especially large bone regeneration clinically.
Sistemas agroindustriais sustentáveis: uma aplicação da economia dos custos de transação
Authors: Silva Devanildo Braz da , Caleman Silvia Morales de Queiroz
Published: January 2016

Entender a coordenação de sistemas produtivos sustentáveis torna-se fundamental para a análise da própria competitividade e eficiência do agronegócio. Sendo as atividades do agronegócio fortemente dependentes da utilização dos recursos naturais, o tema agronegócio e sustentabilidade são claramente relacionados. O presente artigo objetiva descrever e compreender o padrão da governança e o papel das instituições e das organizações para a coordenação do sistema de produção e comercialização de hortaliças orgânicas do projeto PAIS (Produção Agroecológica Integrada e Sustentável) em Campo Grande/MS. O projeto PAIS é uma iniciativa do SEBRAE Nacional que tem como foco a geração de renda para agricultores familiares, aliando práticas sustentáveis às atividades produtivas. Como arcabouço teórico utiliza-se a Nova Economia Institucional (NEI), especificamente, a Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT). A pesquisa é de natureza exploratória e adota uma abordagem qualitativa com levantamento de dados primários por meio da aplicação de questionários semiestruturados junto a 37 produtores. Foram identificadas e caracterizadas as transações existentes ao logo do sistema produtivo, além da avaliação do perfil das famílias de produtores envolvidas no projeto. Verificou-se que o sistema projeto PAIS se subdivide em dois subsistemas, sendo um com atuação de uma cooperativa e outro sem ações associativas. Destaca-se como ponto principal do projeto a garantia de venda da produção aos programas governamentais, que têm grande relevância para o escoamento da produção. Da mesma forma, a alta dependência dos programas governamentais e a heterogeneidade dos produtores representam vulnerabilidades do sistema produtivo.
The outer membrane porin OmpW of Acinetobacter baumannii is involved in iron uptake and colistin binding
Authors: Catel‐Ferreira Manuella , Marti Sara , Guillon Laurent , Jara Luis , Coadou Gaël , Molle Virginie , Bouffartigues Emeline , Bou German , Shalk Isabelle , Jouenne Thierry , Vila‐Farrés Xavier , Dé Emmanuelle
Published: December 2015

This study was undertaken to characterize functions of the outer membrane protein OmpW, which potentially contributes to the development of colistin‐ and imipenem‐resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Reconstitution of OmpW in artificial lipid bilayers showed that it forms small channels (23 pS in 1 m KCl) and markedly interacts with iron and colistin, but not with imipenem. In vivo, 55Fe uptake assays comparing the behaviours of ΔompW mutant and wild‐type strains confirmed a role for OmpW in A. baumannii iron homeostasis. However, the loss of OmpW expression did not have an impact on A. baumannii susceptibilities to colistin or imipenem.