bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment experience of large intraventricular central neurocytoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Chaocai , Yu Lanbing , Hao Shuyu , Fang Yehong , Jia Heyuan , Wang Junling , Ji Nan , Cen Bo , Zhao Jiannong , Gao Zhixian
Published: August 2020

Background: Central neurocytoma is a rare intracranial tumor. Due to the limited number of reported cases, the treatment strategy for central neurocytomas, especially large central neurocytomas, remains controversial. This paper discusses our clinical experience in the treatment of large central neurocytomas.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 29 patients with intraventricular central neurocytomas diagnosed and treated by the same surgeon between April 2012 and September 2019 at the Neurosurgery Departments of Beijing Tiantan Hospital and Hainan General Hospital was performed. The clinical characteristics, treatment plans and prognoses of these patients were reviewed.Results: Among the 29 patients, the average age of onset was 31.93 (17-61) years, and the average maximum tumor diameter was 54.17 ± 15.62 mm. Twenty-three patients (79.3%) had an average maximum diameter greater than 50 mm. Twenty-seven patients (93.1%) underwent transcortical tumor resection. Twenty-seven patients (93.1%) underwent gross total tumor resection. Five patients (17.2%) received radiotherapy after the first operation, and 3 patients (10.3%) had tumor recurrence. None of the patients died.Conclusions: Surgical resection via transcortical fistulotomy is a reliable approach for removal of large central neurocytomas in the ventricle. Patients should be closely observed postoperatively, and MRI of the head should be performed regularly. If a tumor shows progression, then radiotherapy should be considered.
Response inhibition alterations in migraine: An event-related potential study
Authors: Chen Guoliang , Li Yansong , Zhao Dong , Wang Rongfei , Zhao Dengfa , Obeso Ignacio , Yu Shengyuan
Published: August 2020

Background
Migraine is characterized by a hypersensitivity to environmental stimulation which climaxes during headache attacks but persists during attack-free period. Despite ongoing debates about the nature of the mechanisms giving rise to this abnormality, the presence of deficient inhibitory cortical processes has been proposed to be one possible mechanism underlying its pathogenesis. Empirical evidence supporting this notion is mainly based on previous findings showing functional cortical hyperexcitability in the sensory domain. Considering that a general inhibitory control process can play an important role across early to later stage of information processing, this may in turn indicate the important role other dimensions of inhibitory control can play in migraine disability. To this end, the present study was designed to examine the pathophysiological basis of inhibitiory control that takes place during suppression of prepotent responses.
Methods
Twenty-two patients with migraine without aura (mean age = 30.86 ± 5.69 years; 19 females) during the interictal period and 25 healthy controls (mean age = 30.24 ± 3.52 years; 18 females) were recruited. We employed a stop signal task in combination with event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine participants’ neural activity supporting response inhibition.
Results
Behaviorally, migraineurs exhibited prolonged reaction times to the stop signal relative to healthy controls. At the neural level, the amplitude of the stop-N2, a component of the ERPs related to conflict monitoring during early, non-motoric stages of inhibition, was significantly increased in migraineurs. Meanwhile, the amplitude of the stop-P3, a component of the ERPs reflecting late-stage inhibition of the motor system itself and cognitive evaluation of motor inhibition, was also significantly increased in migraineurs. Moreover, our time-frequency analysis has further revealed increased delta activity in the time window used to extract the mean amplitude of the stop-P3 in migraineurs relative to healthy controls.
Conclusions
Consistent with the theory that cortical hyperexcitability is a key signature of migraine, these findings revealed a decrease in suppressing prepotent responses in migraineurs, which can be attributable to cortical hyperexcitability. These novel findings imply the existence of dysfunctional inhibitory control at later stage of information processing.
A streamlined clinical metagenomic sequencing protocol for rapid pathogen identification
Authors: Jia Xiaofang , Hu Lvyin , Wu Min , Ling Yun , Wang Wei , Lu Hongzhou , Yuan Zhenghong , Yi Zhigang , Zhang Xiaonan
Published: August 2020

Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) holds promise as a diagnostic tool for unbiased pathogen identification and precision medicine. However, its medical utility depends largely on the assay simplicity and reproducibility. In the current study, we aimed to develop a streamlined Illumina and Oxford Nanopore-based DNA/RNA library preparation protocol and rapid data analysis pipeline. The Illumina sequencing based mNGS method was first developed and evaluated using a set of samples with known etiology. Its sensitivity for RNA virus (Influenza A, H1N1) was <6.4×102 EID50/mL, and a good correlation between viral loads and mapped reads was observed. Then the rapid turnaround time of Nanopore sequencing was testified by sequencing of an Influenza A virus and Adenoviruses. Further, 11 respiratory swabs or sputum samples pre-tested for a panel of pathogens were analyzed and the pathogens identified by illumina sequencing showed 81.8% concordance with qPCR-based results. Additional sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from HIV-1 positive patients with meningitis/encephalitis detected HIV-1 RNA and toxoplasma gondii sequences. In conclusion, we have developed a simplified protocol which realized facile metagenomic sequencing of a variety of clinical samples and pathogen identification in a clinically meaningful time frame.
Children's Enjoyment, Perceived Competency, and Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity During High-Intensity Interval Training in Physical Education
Authors: Burford Katie , Gillespie Kathryn , Bartholomew John , Jowers Esbelle
Published: August 2020

Background: Little is known about children’s experience with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during elementary school. Perceptions of enjoyment, perceived competence, and motivation are likely to drive long-term adherence and are, therefore, critical to understanding how HIIT might be implemented in this setting. The purpose of this study was to describe children’s physical activity levels, enjoyment, and perceived competency of HIIT activities within a Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework (autonomy) in elementary school physical education (PE) classes. Methods: Participants were 402 children from a single, diverse elementary school (49.4% female, 59.6% Non-Hispanic white). Student enjoyment and perceived competency were collected following teacher- (non-autonomous) and student- led (autonomous) conditions. A sub-set of 201 children wore accelerometers to measure percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This mixed factorial design was assessed through a series of repeated measures ANOVAs. Results: While children reported generally positive enjoyment and perceived competence in both condition (rating over 4.0 on a 5-point scale), children significantly enjoyed (d = 0.44) and felt more competent (d = 0.12) during the autonomous HIIT condition compared to the nonautonomous HIIT condition. In contrast, the percent of time in MPVA (d=1.09) was significantly lower in the autonomous condition. Conclusions: These data illustrate a challenging trade-off with the design of HIIT trials. Increasing autonomy through the inclusion of student choice increased enjoyment and perceived competence of HIIT, which are likely to improve adherence, but lowered physical activity intensity, which is likely to reduce impact.
Macrophage Therapy Activates Endogenous Muscle Stem Cells and Accelerates Muscle Regeneration
Authors: Castillo Adrián , Rodriguez Ana , Martín Jorge , Ginesta Xavier , Sola Anna , Hotter Georgina
Published: August 2020

Background: The effects of macrophage therapies on muscle regeneration and stem cell activation after injury remains unclear. This study aims to know the effect of macrophage therapies on muscle l regeneration and endogenous stem cell activation towards new muscleMethods: Adult male Swiss mice were subjected to an injury in the gastrocnemius, close to the myotendinous junction, using a 2-mm biopsy tube. Animals were assigned to the following groups: 1.- Injury; 2.- Injury+ clodronate. Macrophages were depleted 24 hours after injury by clodronate injection. 3. - Injury+ clodronate+ macrophage therapy. Macrophage depleted mice were treated with an intramuscularl injection of 1 million peritoneal macrophages modified with intermittent anoxia reoxygenation. Animals were sacrificed at 4, and 15 days after the injury, (n = 8 per study time). Gene expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and Ki67 as cell proliferating markers, mannose receptor Ecotype 1(MRC1) and Interleukin10(IL-10) as anti-inflammatory markers, PAX7, MYOD as stem cell abundance and activation markers were evaluated by RT-PCR. Immunofluorescence analysis of PAX7, MYOD and histological scores of regeneration were performed. Results: Macrophage depletion provoked an increase in anti-inflammation (IL-10, , MRC1), cell proliferation (Ki67, PCNA) and stem cell abundance(PAX7), indicating that during injury, endogenous macrophages are inducers of inflammation, anti-proliferation and inhibitors of stem cell abundanceAdoptive transfer of intermittent anoxia treated macrophages (M2 macrophages) to previously depleted animals increased cell proliferation (Ki67 and PCNA), stem cell activation (MyoD) and abundance (Pax7). Immunofluorescence revealed increases in positive PAX7 fluorescence, indicating that M2 are inducers of proliferation, anti-inflammation and stem cell proliferation and activation.. Conclusion: This study indicates that infusion of intermittent anoxia treated macrophages to injured muscle reduces inflammation, promotes cell proliferation and stem cell activation and proliferation, leading to muscle regeneration. Intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation induced macrophages, promote muscle regeneration without the addition of any external inducer agent, which simplifies the process and should allow to obtain a safer regenerative product from a clinical point of view.
Development and Evaluation of a New Assessment Tool for Myelopathy Hand Using Virtual Reality
Authors: Su Xin-Jin , Lv Zheng-Dong , Zhang Wei-Zhong , Hou Cang-Long , Li Quan , Hong-Xing Shen
Published: August 2020

Background: Impairment of hand function in myelopathy patients is commonly observed. However, no objective and effective method is widely accepted in clinical practice.Objective: To evaluate the validity, reliability and effectiveness of a new assessment tool, Myelopathy-hand Functional Evaluation System (MFES), in evaluating the hand function in the 10-s hand grip-and-release test (10s G-R test).Methods: MFES is mainly composed of a pair of wise-gloves and a computer with software. All included patients received optimal surgery treatment. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores were performed and the hand function was evaluated using MFES before operation, and 6 months after surgery. All patients were asked to perform the 10s G-R test and the hand movements were simulated and converted into waveforms by MFES. The waveform parameters were measured and analyzed. The validity and test-retest reliability were assessed.Results: The Bland-Altman showed significant agreement with a low bias and narrow limits of agreement. The test-retest reliability was high with a significant value (r=0.911). The JOA scores and the number of G-R cycles significantly in postoperative increased. Correspondingly, the waveforms of ulnar three fingers were significantly higher and narrower, along with the significantly declined average time per cycle in postoperative. The number of the first five-second segment (N1) was significantly higher than the second-five segment (N2) in postoperative, indicating the recovery of spinal cord function after surgery. The preoperative number of cycles was positively correlated with the improvement rates of JOA scores. And the increased number of cycles was significantly correlated with the improvement rates of JOA scores.Conclusion: MFES is a reliable and valid assessment tool for myelopathy hand, which can detect small changes of neurological function after decompression surgery.
Identification of Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Mi , Zhang Sihui , Wu Ling , Li Dexiong , Chen Jiang
Published: August 2020

Background: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common types of oral cancer and has a poor prognosis owing to a limited understanding of the pathogenesis mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore and identify potential biomarkers in TSCC by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Methods: The RNA sequencing data and clinical characteristics of TSCC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and then differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs), including differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DElncRNAs) and differentially expressed messenger RNAs (DEmRNAs), were identified in TSCC by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Hallmark pathway analyses were used to analyze the DERNAs. Using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, four-lncRNA and two-mRNA signatures were developed and used for predicting survival in TSCC patients. We established a risk model to predict the overall survival (OS) of TSCC patients based on the DERNAs with Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank p test. Furthermore, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed in Cytoscape, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established in the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. Results: A total of 2,006 DEmRNAs and 1,001 DElncRNAs were found to be dysregulated in TSCC. A total of 417 DERNAs were used to construct the coexpression network, and the PPI network included 103 DEmRNAs. Univariate regression analysis of the DERNAs revealed 51 DElncRNAs and 90 DEmRNAs that were associated with OS in TSCC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that four of those lncRNAs (MGC32805, RP1-35C21.2, RP11-108K3.1, RP11-109M17.2) and two mRNAs (CA9, GTSF1L) had significant prognostic value, and their cumulative risk score indicated that these four-lncRNA and two-mRNA signatures independently predicted OS in TSCC patients. Conclusions: The current findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of TSCC and identify four lncRNAs and two mRNAs that are potential biomarkers that may be independent prognostic signatures for TSCC diagnosis and treatment.
Water safety in drought: an indigenous knowledge-based qualitative study
Authors: Fatehpanah Azadeh , Jahangiri Katayoun , Seyedin Seyed Hesam , Kavousi Amir , Malekinezhad Hossein
Published: August 2020

The indigenous knowledge of our ancestors provides valuable information on how to prevent negative health impacts on water hygiene in the event of drought. The present study aimed to explore the role of indigenous knowledge in maintaining water safety in drought conditions. A qualitative content analysis method using in-depth semi-structured interviews was used to collect and analyze the data. The current research was carried out from April 2017 to June 2018. A purposive sampling method was used to select 15 participants. Trustworthiness was applied with the Lincoln and Guba approach and data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's method. Two categories including drinking water storage and water collection were extracted from the data. Each category includes different strategies to deal with water. Water storage includes water quantity and water quality. Water collection consists of collection methods and rules. Indigenous knowledge is an indispensable component of community disaster resilience. It can be transferred to other communities and employed to empower affected communities. But using the knowledge without scientific considerations cannot guarantee peoples' health throughout the drought periods.
High-rate algal pond for removal of pharmaceutical compounds from urban domestic wastewater under tropical conditions. Case study: Santiago de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Jiménez-Bambague Eliana M. , Madera-Parra Carlos A. , Ortiz-Escobar Aura C. , Morales-Acosta Paola A. , Peña-Salamanca Enrique J. , Machuca-Martínez Fiderman
Published: August 2020

This study evaluated the capacity of a pilot-scale high-rate algal pond (HRAP) to remove pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) from domestic wastewater in the city of Santiago de Cali, Colombia. The compounds analyzed included antiepileptics, hypolipidemic drugs, tranquilizers and analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs. The HRAP operated under a continuous water flow of 0.2 m3d−1 and a 3-day hydraulic retention time (HRT). Removal efficiencies were high (>70%) for fenofibric acid, ibuprofen, and paracetamol; medium (30–70%) for gabapentin, lamotrigine, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, diclofenac, ketoprofen, naproxen, and pentoxifylline; and low (<30%) for carbamazepine and its metabolite 10,11-Dihidro-10,11-dihidroxicarbamazepine (CBZ-Diol). The findings herein are similar to other studies, but were obtained with a shorter HRT. These results show that tropical environmental conditions favor photodegradation and contribute to the development of microalgae and the biodegradation process. Twenty microalgae species were identified, with the phylum Chlorophyta as the most abundant, particularly due to its natural introduction. The removal of the PCs also reflected a percentage reduction (>50%) in the ecological hazard posed by most of the compounds, although it is important to note that the hazard from gemfibrozil and ibuprofen remained high even after treatment, indicating the need for complementary treatment.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOLÓGICA E ESTRATIGRÁFICA DA REGIÃO A NORTE DE INAJÁ (PE), BACIA DE JATOBÁ, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Mendes Daniele de Melo , Gonzalez Juliana Guzmán , Neumann Virgínio Henrique de Miranda Lopes , Piovesan Enelise Katia
Published: August 2020

Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados do mapeamento geológico na escala 1:50.000 de uma área de 100 km2 na Bacia de Jatobá, ao norte do município de Inajá, interior do estado de Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil. As unidades estratigráficas possuem grande similaridade litológica, demandando a realização de estudos detalhados para sua distinção. As análises petrográficas permitiram o acompanhamento das transições litológicas e granulométricas dos sistemas deposicionais que configuram as fases sinéclise, início e clímax de rifte. Os estudos bioestratigráficos possibilitaram a identificação de seis biozonas de ostracodes para a bacia estudada: RT-001 (Formação Aliança), RT-003 (Formação Candeias) e RT-004 a RT-007 (Grupo Ilhas), determinando o posicionamento biocronoestratigráfico das unidades com base em ostracodes não-marinhos nos andares Dom João (Tithoniano), Rio da Serra (Berriasiano-Hauteriviano), Aratu (Hauteriviano-Eobarremiano) e Buracica (Barremiano). Os dados obtidos resultaram na atualização da carta estratigráfica da Bacia de Jatobá.
Repurposing Anticancer Drugs for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Antifibrotic Drugs for the Treatment of Cancer: State of the Art
Authors: Paliogiannis Panagiotis , Fois Sara Solveig , Fois Alessandro Giuseppe , Cossu Antonio , Palmieri Giuseppe , Pintus Gianfranco
Published: August 2020

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aggressive pulmonary disease which shares
several molecular, pathophysiological and clinical aspects with lung cancer, including high mortality
rates. The antifibrotic drugs Nintedanib and Pirfenidone have recently been introduced in clinical
practice for the treatment of IPF. Nintedanib is also used for the treatment of several malignancies,
including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with Docetaxel, while Pirfenidone
showed some anti-neoplastic effects in preclinical studies. On the other hand, novel targeted
agents and immunotherapies have been introduced in the last decade for the treatment of NSCLC,
and some of them showed anti-fibrotic properties in recent studies. These evidences, based on the
common pathophysiological backgrounds of IPF and lung cancer, make possible the mutual or
combined use of anti-fibrotic and anti-neoplastic drugs to treat these highly lethal diseases. The
aim of the present review is to depict the current scientific landscape regarding the repurposing of
anti-neoplastic drugs in IPF and anti-fibrotic drugs in lung cancer, and to identify future research
perspectives on the topic.
A Five-microRNA Signature as Risk Stratification System in Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhichao , Huang Xiaoyuan , Lv Yufeng , Fang Yuan , Pan Lili , Gan Zuhuan , Huang Zhong , Wei Wenhao
Published: August 2020

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to play important roles in various
cancers and may be a reliable prognostic marker. However, its prognostic value in endometrial
carcinoma (UCEC) needs to be further explored.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to create a miR-based signature to effectively predict the
prognosis for patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC).

Methods:

Using UCEC data set in TCGA, we identified differentially expressed miRs between
UCEC and healthy endometrial tissues. The LASSO method was used to construct a miR-based
signature prognosis index for predicting prognosis in the training cohort. The miR-based signature
prognosis index was validated in an independent test cohort. MiRNet tool was applied to perform
functional enrichment analysis of this miR-based signature.

Results:

A total of 208 miRs were differentially expressed between UCEC and healthy endometrial
tissues. Five miRs (miR-652, miR-3170, miR-195, miR-34a, and miR-934) were identified to
generate a prognosis index (PI). The five-miR signature is a promising biomarker for predicting the
5-year-survival rate of UCEC with AUC = 0.730. The PI remained an independent prognostic
factor adjusted by routine clinicopathologic factors. Using the PI, we could successfully identify
the high-risk individuals, furthermore, it still worked in an independent test cohort. The five miRs
involved in various pathways associated with cancer.

Conclusions:

We proposed and validated a five-miR signature that could serve as an independent
prognostic predictor of UCECs.
Pentamethylquercetin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Adipocytes-induced PD-L1 Expression via IFN-γ Signaling
Authors: Li Zhi , Gao Wen-Qi , Wang Peng , Wang Tian-Qi , Xu Wen-Chao , Zhu Xin-Yu , Liu Hui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Obesity is a significant risk factor for the development of types of cancer.
Programmed death 1 and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) play a crucial role in tumor
immune escape. Although, the role of PD-L1 in obesity-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) remains unknown. We previously showed that the natural flavonoid pentamethylquercetin
(PMQ) possesses anti-obesity properties.

Objective:

This study was designed to investigate the effects of PMQ on the development of HCC
in obese mice and whether PMQ regulates PD-L1 and expression in HCC.

Methods:

Monosodium glutamate-induced obese mice were inoculated with H22 tumor cells. Tumor
volumes and weights were measured. In vitro, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated and
lipid accumulation was measured by oil-red staining, and IFN-γ level was detected by Elisa. Hepatoma
HepG2 cells were treated with conditional media from 3T3-L1 adipocytes (adi-CM). Western
blotting was applied to detect PD-L1 protein levels in tumor tissue and HepG2 cells.

Results:

Compared with control mice, H22 tumors grew faster and exhibited higher PD-L1 protein
levels in obese mice. PMQ inhibited H22 tumor growth and reduced PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues.
PD-L1 protein level was elevated in adi-CM-treated HepG2 cells. IFN-γ was detectable in
adi-CM and exogenous IFN-γ induced PD-L1 expression in HepG2 cells. PMQ affected the differentiation
of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, decreased the level of IFN-γ secreted by adipocytes and downregulated
adi-CM-induced PD-L1 expression in HepG2 cells.

Conclusion:

PMQ could inhibit HCC progression in obese mice at least in part through down-regulating
adipocytes-induced PD-L1 expression via IFN-γ signaling.
Identification of Antimycobacterial Agent Using In Silico Virtual Screening,
ADME Prediction, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Approach
Authors: Tripathy Swayansiddha , Sahu Susanta Kumar , Azam Mohammed Afzal , Jupudi Srikanth , Gupta Vivek Kumar , Sharma Shweta
Published: August 2020

Background:

The widespread hazardous issue of antibiotics resistance can be overcome by the development of target based potent antibacterial agents. Filamentous temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ), a simpler structural prokaryotic homolog of eukaryotic cytoskeletal tubulin, was considered as a competent target in antibacterial drug discovery.

Objective:

The purpose of present work is to evaluate the antitubercular activity of virtual hits by funnel-shaped filtering with glide docking followed by MM-GBSA binding energy and molecular dynamics simulation. Pharmacokinetics and biochemical activity of the computationally screened virtual hits have been studied to focus their potential to inhibit the bacterial cell division.

Method:

The docking study was performed against the crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis FtsZ protein with the hits obtained from High Throughput Virtual Screening using Glide module in Schrodinger. ADME profile and 50 ns molecular dynamics simulationstudies were performed using the Schrödinger suite. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the test compounds were determined bythe colorimetric method by Resazurin Microtiter plate Assay.

Results:

The binding of hit molecules T5427054 and 6M356S were mainly supported by van der Waals interaction and an electrostatic component of solvation energycomputed by MM-GBSA method. 50 ns MD simulation built stability and dynamic property of the best-docked complex T5427054/2Q1Y. Both the hit molecules displayed antimycobacterial activity with minimal inhibitory concentration 500 μg/mL.

Conclusion:

In this study, it is found that new screened hit molecules with better theoretical results could be preferred to use as antimycobacterial agents and further their structural modification might be improved antimycobacterial properties of hit molecules.
The Antitumor Efficiency of Zinc Finger Nuclease Combined with Cisplatin and Trichostatin A in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Ren Ci , Gao Chun , Li Xiaomin , Xiong Jinfeng , Shen Hui , Wang Liming , Zhu Da , Wu Peng , Ding Wencheng , Wang Hui
Published: August 2020

Background:

Persistent infection with the high-risk of human papillomavirus (HR-HPVs) is the
primary etiological factor of cervical cancer; HR-HPVs express oncoproteins E6 and E7, both of which play key
roles in the progression of cervical carcinogenesis. Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) targeting HPV E7 induce
specific shear of the E7 gene, weakening the malignant biological effects, hence showing great potential for
clinical transformation.

Objective:

Our aim was to develop a new comprehensive therapy for better clinical application of ZFNs. We
here explored the anti-cancer efficiency of HPV targeted ZFNs combined with a platinum-based antineoplastic
drug Cisplatin (DDP) and an HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA).

Methods:

SiHa and HeLa cells were exposed to different concentrations of DDP and TSA; the appropriate concentrations
for the following experiments were screened according to cell apoptosis. Then cells were grouped
for combined or separate treatments; apoptosis, cell viability and proliferation ability were measured by flow
cytometry detection, CCK-8 assays and colony formation assays. The xenograft experiments were also performed
to determine the anti-cancer effects of the combined therapy. In addition, the HPV E7 and RB1 expressions
were measured by western blot analysis.

Results:

Results showed that the combined therapy induced about two times more apoptosis than that of ZFNs
alone in SiHa and HeLa cells, and much more inhibition of cell viability than either of the separate treatment.
The colony formation ability was inhibited more than 80% by the co-treatment, the protein expression of
HPV16/18E7 was down regulated and that of RB1 was elevated. In addition, the xenografts experiment showed
a synergistic effect between DDP and TSA together with ZFNs.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrated that ZFNs combined with DDP or TSA functioned effectively in cervical
cancer cells, and it provided novel ideas for the prevention and treatment of HPV-related cervical malignancies.
A Mini-Review on Nano Technology in the Tumour Targeting Strategies: Drug Delivery to Cancer Cells
Authors: Kaur Loveleen , Sohal Harvinder S. , Kaur Manvinder , Malhi Dharambeer S. , Garg Sonali
Published: August 2020

Background:

Recently, the application of cancer nanotechnology-based drug delivery to cancer cells
has arisen as an important method to resolve multiple molecular, biophysical, and biochemical obstacles, which
the body is preparing to resist against the productive implementation of chemotherapeutic medications. Drug
delivery technologies focused on nanoparticles, which have resolved some of the drawbacks of conventional
chemotherapy as, decreased drug viscosity, chemo-resistance, precise malignity, limited medicative measures
with low oral bioactivity. Due to their adjustable size and surface properties, the half-life period of a drug can be
increased in the bloodstream.

Objective:

The aim of the current study is to collect and document the data available on the drug delivery system
for anticancer drugs. The present study includes some of the drug carriers like liposomes, carbon dots, micelles,
carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, etc.

Methods:

To write this review, an exhaustive literature survey was carried out using relevant work published in
various SCI, Scopus, and non-SCI indexed journals. The different search engines used to download the research/
review papers are Google search, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database
and Research Gate, etc.

Results:

Nanotechnology offers better pharmacokinetics, reduces the systematic toxicities related to the chemotherapies
and a better route of drug administration. In the analysis, we critically highlight recent studies on
carcinoma-fighting nanotechnology.

Conclusion:

In the present study, different kinds of nano-based drug delivery systems have been discussed
along with their characteristic features, the encapsulation of anticancer agents into different types of nanometresized
vehicles and their general mechanism.
Erinacerins, Novel Glioma Inhibitors from Hericium erinaceus, Induce Apoptosis of U87 Cells through Bax/Capase-2 Pathway
Authors: Zhang Feng , Lv Hui , Zhang Xuhua
Published: August 2020

Background:

Glioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system. Hericium erinaceus,
which has been reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities, is a widely used Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM), and also a kind of delicious food accepted by the public.

Methods and Results:

In this study, two new natural products, compounds 1 and 2, were isolated and identified
from Hericium erinaceus. They were named erinacerin O and erinacerin P, respectively, after the structural
identification, and their effects on human glioma cell line U87 were evaluated. Erinacerin P (2) exhibited obvious
cytotoxicity on human glioma cell line U87. The IC50 value of 2 was 19.32μg/mL. The results showed that
the apoptosis of U87 cells treated with 2 increased and the morphology of U87 cells altered significantly. Flow
cytometry experiment showed that 2 could significantly increase the apoptosis rate of U87 cells and reduce
DNA replication. Western blot results suggested the Bax/capase-3 pathway was involved in the U87 cell apoptosis
induced by 2.

Conclusion:

Erinacerin O and Erinacerin P are novel compounds obtained from Hericium erinaceus and Erinacerin
P could be a potential novel glioma inhibitor.
Newborn Screening through TREC, TREC/KREC System for Primary Immunodeficiency with limitation of TREC/KREC. Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shinwari Khyber , Bolkov Mikhail , Tuzankina Irina A. , Chereshnev Valery A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction:

Newborn screening (NBS) by quantifying T cell receptor excision circles
(TRECs) and Kappa receptor excision circles in neonatal dried blood spots (DBS) enables early diagnosis
of different types of primary immune deficiencies. Global newborn screening for PID, using an
assay to detect T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) in dried blood spots (DBS), is now being performed
in all states in the United States. In this review, we discuss the development and outcomes of
TREC, TREC/KREC combines screening, and continued challenges to implementation.

Objective:

To review the diagnostic performance of published articles for TREC and TREC/ KREC based NBS for PID and its different types.

Methods:

Different research resources were used to get an approach for the published data of
TREС and KREC based NBS for PID like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Research gate EMBASE.
We extracted TREC and KREC screening Publisher with years of publication, content and
cut-off values, and a number of retests, repeat DBS, and referrals from the different published pilot,
pilot cohort, Case series, and cohort studies.

Results:

We included the results of TREC, combine TREC/KREC system based NBS screening from different research articles,and divided these results between the Pilot studies, case series, and cohort. For each of these studies, different parameter data are excluded from different articles. Thirteen studies were included, re-confirming 89 known SCID cases in case series and reporting 53 new SCID cases in 3.15 million newborns. Individual TREC contents in all SCID patients were <25 TRECs/μl (except in those evaluated with the New York State assay).

Conclusion:

TREC and KREC sensitivity for typical SCID and other types of PID was 100 %. It
shows its importance and anticipating the significance of implementation in different undeveloped
and developed countries in the NBS program in upcoming years. Data adapting the screening algorithm
for pre-term/ill infants reduce the amount of false-positive test results.
Integrated System Pharmacology and In Silico Analysis Elucidating Neuropharmacological Actions of Withania somnifera in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hannan Md. Abdul , Dash Raju , Haque Md. Nazmul , Choi Sung Min , Moon Il Soo
Published: August 2020

Background:

Withania somnifera (WS), also referred to as Medhya Rasayana (nootropic or
rejuvenating), has traditionally been prescribed for various neurological ailments, including dementia.
Despite substantial evidence, pharmacological roles of WS, neither as nootropic nor as an antidementia
agent, are well-understood at the cellular and molecular levels.

Objectives:

We aimed at elucidating the pharmacological action mechanisms of WS root constituents
against Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathology.

Methods:

Various bioinformatics tools and resources, including DAVID, Cytoscape, NetworkAnalyst
and KEGG pathway database were employed to analyze the interaction of WS root bioactive molecules
with the protein targets of AD-associated cellular processes. We also used a molecular simulation
approach to validate the interaction of compounds with selected protein targets.

Results:

Network analysis revealed that β-sitosterol, withaferin A, stigmasterol, withanolide A, and
withanolide D are the major constituents of WS root that primarily target the cellular pathways such as
PI3K/Akt signaling, neurotrophin signaling and toll-like receptor signaling and proteins such as Tropomyosin
receptor Kinase B (TrkB), Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β), Toll-Like Receptor 2/4
(TLR2/4), and β-secretase (BACE-1). Also, the in silico analysis further validated the interaction patterns
and binding affinity of the major WS compounds, particularly stigmasterol, withanolide A, withanolide
D and β-sitosterol with TrkB, GSK-3β, TLR2/4, and BACE-1.

Conclusion:

The present findings demonstrate that stigmasterol, withanolide A, withanolide D and
β-sitosterol are the major metabolites that are responsible for the neuropharmacological action of WS
root against AD-associated pathobiology, and TrkB, GSK-3β, TLR2/4, and BACE-1 could be the potential
druggable targets.
İLKOKUL TÜRKÇE DERS KİTAPLARINDAKİ ÖYKÜLEYİCİ METİNLERİN DEĞER ANALİZİ YAKLAŞIMINA GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Çopur Ersin , Üredi Lütfi
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada, ilkokul 1- 4. sınıf Türkçe ders
kitaplarında bulunan öyküleyici metinlerin değer analizi yaklaşımına göre
inceleyip, metinlerin bu yaklaşıma uygunluğunun tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belge (doküman) analizi
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2017- 2018 yılında okutulan
ilkokul 1- 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarında bulunan 73 öyküleyici metin
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubundaki öyküleyici metinler, Ersoy ve Şahin (2012)
tarafından kullanılan Etkinlik Kriterleri Çizelgesi (EKÇ) adı verilen ölçeğin,
Değer Analizi Yaklaşımı bölümü kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme
sonucunda elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmadan
elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Bu metinlerde toplam
66 değer işlenmiştir. Öyküleyici metinlerin hiçbiri değer analizi yaklaşımına
tamamen uygun değildir. 1. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabında bulunan 10 öyküleyici
metinden 5’i değer analizi yaklaşımına göre kısmen uygun, 5’i de değer analizi
yaklaşımına uygun değildir. 2. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabında bulunan 22
öyküleyici metinden 13’ü değer analizi yaklaşımına göre kısmen uygun, 9’u de
değer analizi yaklaşımına uygun değildir. 3. Sınıf Türkçe ders kitabında
bulunan 23 öyküleyici metinden 12’si değer analizi yaklaşımına göre kısmen
uygun, 11’i de değer analizi yaklaşımına uygun değildir. 4. Sınıf Türkçe ders
kitabında bulunan 18 öyküleyici metinden 8’inin değer analizi yaklaşımına göre
kısmen uygun, 10’unun ise değer analizi yaklaşımına uygun olmadığı tespit
edilmiştir.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN OKULLARDAKİ SİBER ZORBALIK MAĞDURİYETLERİ
Authors: Alanoğlu Müslim , Karabatak Songül
Published: August 2020

Bu araştırmada hem öğreten hem öğrenen hem de araştırmacı rolleri ile
mesleki veya sosyal hayatlarında BİT’i etkili kullanmak zorunda olan
öğretmenlerin çalıştıkları okullarda yaşadıkları siber zorbalık mağduriyetlerinin
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için karma araştırma deseni
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile
belirlenmiş öğretmenler oluşturmuştur. Öğretmenlerin görüşleri anket yöntemi
ile alınmıştır. Demografik bilgiler ve İşyeri Siber Zorbalık Davranışları Envanteri
ile toplanan verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde ve ortalama hesaplama ile
korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin maruz kaldıkları siber
zorbalık davranışları ile ilgili görüşlerin analizi için de betimsel analiz
tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda öğretmenlerin çalıştıkları okullarda
siber zorbalık davranışlarına maruz kalma düzeylerinin düşük olduğu
görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin en çok e-postalarının, telefon görüşmelerinin
veya mesajlarının dikkate alınmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Erkek öğretmenlerin
siber zorbalık davranışlarına kadın öğretmenlere göre daha fazla maruz
kaldıkları ancak aradaki bu farkın anlamlı olmadığı saptanmıştır.  Öğretmenlerin siber zorbalık davranışlarına maruz
kalma durumları ile yaşları ve kıdemleri arasında anlamlı, zayıf ve negatif
ilişki bulunurken internet kullanım yılı ve günlük internet kullanım süresi
arasında herhangi bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Araştırmanın son bölümünde
öğretmenlerin siber zorbalık davranışları konusunda farkındalıklarının artması
için daha fazla çalışma yapılması önerilmiştir.
Global cooperation resolve the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Setiawan Benni
Published: August 2020

Editorial
Compromiso social y convivencia ciudadana en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Sahagún Navarro Marta , Parra-Montoya Yuly-Marcela
Published: August 2020

La nueva enfermedad del coronavirus humano COVID-19 se ha convertido en la quinta pandemia documentada desde la pandemia de gripe de 1918 (Liu Y-C et al., 2020). También, ha sido la mayor interrupción en el movimiento de personas desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial (Newland, 2020), lo que ha conllevado a periodos extendidos de cuarentena, órdenes de cierre masivo de refugio en el hogar y negocios, que imponen serias libertades y privaciones económicas (Mello & Wang, 2020), en la mayoría de los países del mundo por la enfermedad que origina. Esto ha modificado las dinámicas sociales, económicas y políticas, desde los niveles institucionales y lógicamente, en los individuos.
Factores personales de la resiliencia y desempeño académico de escolares en un contexto de vulnerabilidad
Authors: Meza-Cueto Liliana , Abuabara-Moya Naife , Pontón-Villareal Dianys , Ortega-Mercado Floralba , Mendoza-Stave Fabián
Published: August 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre los factores personales de la Resiliencia y el Desempeño Académico en el área de Lengua Castellana, determinando, además, diferencias según la Edad, Sexo y Nivel Socioeconómico. En cuanto al método, se trata de un estudio cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo-comparativo y un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, el cual empleó una muestra de 245 escolares colombianos en contexto de vulnerabilidad, con edades entre 10 y 18 años, seleccionados mediante muestreo probabilístico estratificado con asignación proporcional. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el inventario de factores personales de la Resiliencia y la Base de Datos del Desempeño Académico. Resultados: Los datos se analizaron mediante el coeficiente Pearson y la prueba ANOVA, y los resultados indicaron correlación entre el Desempeño Académico y la Resiliencia Global, en particular con los factores Empatía y Humor. Además, se determinó que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los factores personales de la Resiliencia y el Sexo, Nivel Socioeconómico y la Edad, pero sí se muestran diferencias en el Desempeño Académico según el Sexo y el Nivel Socioeconómico. En cuanto al Desempeño Académico, no se encontraron diferencias según la variable Edad.
Evaluation of drought-tolerance in some tropical wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) at different osmotic-stress level
Authors: Kadir Muhammad , Kaimuddin Kaimuddin , Musa Yunus , Badaruddin Muh Farid , Nur Amin
Published: August 2020

Abiotic factors, such as temperature and drought, are the main factors limiting the cultivation under the tropical condition. Two-stage experiments were conducted to examine the drought-tolerant potential of some wheat genotypes against the osmotic stress under the tropical condition at the Laboratory and Greenhouse of Hasanuddin University and Indonesian Cereal Research Institute. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with the split-plot pattern and respectively provided with four and three replications. The main plot was potential osmotic stress (0, -0. 33 , and -0.67 MPa) and the sub-plot was selected wheat genotypes (17 genotypes). The results indicates that based on the germination percentage, shoot/root ratio, proline content, stomatal behavior, and relative water content, the wheat lines of O/HP-78-A22-3-7, WBLL*2KURUKU, O/HP-6-A8-2-10, and O/HP-22-A27-1-10 are identified to have better drought-tolerance than the others genotypes based on the analysis of responses to parameters observed. The positively adaptive response of some tropical wheat genotypes to drought stress may be used as a potential donor for further development of drought-tolerant wheat varieties under the tropical climate in Indonesia.
Effects of water flow rate and surface cover plant density on the growth of duckweed (Lemna minor L.)
Authors: Hutabarat Renata Caprina Samantha Mahadewi , Indradewa Didik
Published: August 2020

Globally, agriculture sector is facing unprecedented challenges in producing fertilizers and increasing the amount of fertilizer production without having negative impact on the environment. Thus, the organic fertilizers are needed to be produced as they do not give any damages to the environment. Duckweed plant has a lot of potentials that can be used in the agriculture sector. This plant can breed in approximately 16-48 hours by splitting. The water needs and its breeding speed ability are the basis for conducting this research. The research objective was to determine the effect of water flow rate and surface cover plant density on the growth and yield of duckweed plants. This research was conducted in November–December 2018 in Cangkringan District, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design. The main plot was irrigation water flow rate, consisting of two levels, namely large water flow rate (0.336 L.second-1) and small water flow rate (0.085 L.second-1). The subplot was the density of the duckweed plant surface cover, consisting of 10%, 20%, 40% and 60%. The results of this study indicated there was no effect of water flow rate on the plant growth, yield, and yield quality of duckweed plants. The C/N ratio of the duckweed plants fulfilled the requirement to be used as green manure.
Growth and yield of five prospective shallot selected accessions from true seed of shallot in lowland areas
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Endang , Pangestuti Retno , Rosliani Rini
Published: August 2020

True seed of shallot (TSS) from open pollination crossing are in the heterogenous as a result of the heterozygous parents. This condition gives the opportunity to obtain new selected accession through the genetic variations of their seedlings. Five TSS cultivars of Biru Lancor, Pancasona, Tuk-Tuk, Lokananta, Sanren were used as planting materials to be evaluated the growth and bulb yield performance for the selection of excellent shallot selected accessions in bulb production. The 300 seeds of each cultivar were planted in the field of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Banguntapan, Bantul District, Yogyakarta (100 m above sea level). All seedlings were observed for the survival rate, plant growth, and development of bulb. The results showed that the seedlings of Sanren, Lokananta, Pancasona, Tuk-Tuk, and Biru Lancor could germinate with different survival rate of 88%, 87%, 80%, 67.3% and 48%, respectively. There was a significant difference in number of leaves that effected in developing a single bulb and multi-bulb. Prospective selected accessions with high yield in lowland areas was as follows: Biru Lancor 12 plants (4%), Pancasona 20 plants (6.7%), Sanren 146 plants (48.7%), and Lokananta 25 plants (8.3%). All of the selected bulbs will be planted again for further evaluation in excellent trait of bulb aggregation (bulbs multiplication).
Terrorism and Its Implications on National Identity
Authors: Ganaie Nasir Ahmad
Published: August 2020

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