bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of LC-Q-TOF-MS Methodology to Determine Mycotoxin Biomarkers in Human Urine
Authors: Dasí-Navarro Nuria , Lozano Manuel , Llop Sabrina , Esplugues Ana , Cimbalo Alessandra , Font Guillermina , Manyes Lara , Mañes Jordi , Vila-Donat Pilar
Published: September 2022

Mycotoxin contamination of foodstuffs is a health concern worldwide and monitoring human exposure to mycotoxins is a key concern. Most mycotoxins and their metabolites are excreted in urine, but a reliable detection method is required, considering the low levels present in this biological sample. The aim of this work is to validate a sensitive methodology capable of simultaneously determining ten targeted mycotoxins as well as detecting untargeted ones by using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). The targeted mycotoxins were: enniatin A, B, A1, and B1, beauvericine, aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2, and ochratoxin A. Several extraction procedures such as liquid-liquid extraction, dilute and shoot, and QuEChERS were assessed. Finally, a modified simple QuEChERS extraction method was selected. Creatinine adjustment and matrix-matched calibration curves are required. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 and from 0.3 to 5 ng/mL, respectively. Recoveries achieved were higher than 65% for all mycotoxins. Later, the method was applied to 100 samples of women’s urine to confirm the applicability and determine their internal exposure. The untargeted mycotoxins most found were trichothecenes, zearalenones, and ochratoxins.
Effects of Initial Density Fluctuations on Cumulants in Au + Au Collisions at sNN = 7.7 GeV
Authors: Yue Xiaoqing , Wang Yongjia , Li Qingfeng , Liu Fuhu
Published: September 2022

Within the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model, the effect of initial density fluctuations on cumulants of the net-proton multiplicity distribution in Au + Au Collisions at sNN = 7.7 GeV was investigated by varying the minimum distance dmin between two nucleons in the initialization. It was found that the initial density fluctuations increased with the decrease of dmin from 1.6 fm to 1.0 fm, and the influence of dmin on the magnitude of the net-proton number fluctuation in a narrow pseudorapidity window (Δη≤ 4) was negligible even if it indeed affected the density evolution during the collision. At a broad pseudorapidity window (Δη≥ 4), the cumulant ratios were enlarged when the initial density fluctuations were increased with the smaller value of dmin, and this enhancement was comparable to that observed in the presence of the nuclear mean-field potential. Moreover, the enhanced cumulants were more evident in collisions with a larger impact parameter. The present work demonstrates that the fingerprint of the initial density fluctuations on the cumulants in a broad pseudorapidity window is clearly visible, while it is not obvious as the pseudorapidity window becomes narrow.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus 3Cpro Cleaves BP180 to Induce Blister Formation
Authors: Ekanayaka Pathum , Weerawardhana Asela , Chathuranga Kiramage , Park Jong-Hyeon , Lee Jong-Soo
Published: September 2022

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is mainly characterized by blister formation (vesicles) in animals infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). However, the molecular basis of the blister formation in FMD is still unknown. BP180 is one of the main anchoring proteins connecting the dermal and epidermal layers of the skin. Previous studies have shown that the cleavage of BP180 by proteases produced by the inflammatory cells and the resulting skin loosening are major causes of the blister formation in bullous pemphigoid (BP) disease. Similar to BP, here we have demonstrated that, among the FMDV-encoded proteases, only FMDV 3Cpro contributes to the cleavage of BP180 at multiple sites, consequently inducing the degradation of BP180, leading to skin loosening. Additionally, we confirmed that FMDV 3Cpro interacts directly with BP180 and the FMDV 3Cpro C142T mutant, known to have reduced protease activity, is less effective for BP180 degradation than wild-type FMDV 3Cpro. In conclusion, for the first time, our results demonstrate the function of FMDV 3Cpro on the connective-tissue protein BP180 associated with blister formation.
Genetic Evolution of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses Isolated from Domestic Poultry in Uganda Reveals Evidence of Mammalian Host Adaptation, Increased Virulence and Reduced Sensitivity to Baloxavir
Authors: Atim Gladys , Tugume Titus , Ukuli Qouilazoni A. , Erima Bernard , Mubiru Andrew , Kibuuka Hannah , Mworozi Edison , McKenzie Pamela , Turner Jasmine C. M. , Walker David , Jeevan Trushar , Webster Robert G. , Jones Jeremy , Webby Richard J. , Ducatez Mariette F. , Wabwire-Mangen Fred , Byarugaba Denis K.
Published: September 2022

A (H9N2) avian influenza A viruses were first detected in Uganda in 2017 and have since established themselves in live bird markets. The aim of this study was to establish the subsequent genetic evolution of H9N2 viruses in Uganda. Cloacal samples collected from live bird market stalls in Kampala from 2017 to 2019 were screened by RT-PCR for influenza A virus and H9N2 viruses were isolated in embryonated eggs. One hundred and fifty H9N2 isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The sequence data analysis and comparison with contemporary isolates revealed that the virus was first introduced into Uganda in 2014 from ancestors in the Middle East. There has since been an increase in nucleotide substitutions and reassortments among the viruses within and between live bird markets, leading to variations in phylogeny of the different segments, although overall diversity remained low. The isolates had several mutations such as HA-Q226L and NS-I106M that enable mammalian host adaptation, NP-M105V, PB1-D3V, and M1-T215A known for increased virulence/pathogenicity and replication, and PA-E199D, NS-P42S, and M2-S31N that promote drug resistance. The PA-E199D substitution in particular confers resistance to the endonuclease inhibitor Baloxavir acid, which is one of the new anti-influenza drugs. Higher EC50 was observed in isolates with a double F105L+E199D substitution that may suggest a possible synergistic effect. These H9N2 viruses have established an endemic situation in live bird markets in Uganda because of poor biosecurity practices and therefore pose a zoonotic threat. Regular surveillance is necessary to further generate the needed evidence for effective control strategies and to minimize the threats.
Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Proteomics of SSV1 and Related Fusellovirus: A Minireview
Authors: Aulitto Martina , Martinez-Alvarez Laura , Fusco Salvatore , She Qunxin , Bartolucci Simonetta , Peng Xu , Contursi Patrizia
Published: September 2022

Saccharolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 (SSV1) was one of the first viruses identified in the archaeal kingdom. Originally isolated from a Japanese species of Saccharolobus back in 1984, it has been extensively used as a model system for genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies, as well as to unveil the molecular mechanisms governing the host–virus interaction. The purpose of this mini review is to supply a compendium of four decades of research on the SSV1 virus.
DExD/H Box Helicases DDX24 and DDX49 Inhibit Reactivation of Kaposi’s Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus by Interacting with Viral mRNAs
Authors: Serfecz Jacquelyn C. , Hong Yuan , Gay Lauren A. , Shekhar Ritu , Turner Peter C. , Renne Rolf
Published: September 2022

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that is the causative agent of primary effusion lymphoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma. In healthy carriers, KSHV remains latent, but a compromised immune system can lead to lytic viral replication that increases the probability of tumorigenesis. RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are members of the DExD/H box helicase family of RNA binding proteins that recognize KSHV to stimulate the immune system and prevent reactivation from latency. To determine if other DExD/H box helicases can affect KSHV lytic reactivation, we performed a knock-down screen that revealed DHX29-dependent activities appear to support viral replication but, in contrast, DDX24 and DDX49 have antiviral activity. When DDX24 or DDX49 are overexpressed in BCBL-1 cells, transcription of all lytic viral genes and genome replication were significantly reduced. RNA immunoprecipitation of tagged DDX24 and DDX49 followed by next-generation sequencing revealed that the helicases bind to mostly immediate-early and early KSHV mRNAs. Transfection of expression plasmids of candidate KSHV transcripts, identified from RNA pull-down, demonstrated that KSHV mRNAs stimulate type I interferon (alpha/beta) production and affect the expression of multiple interferon-stimulated genes. Our findings reveal that host DExD/H box helicases DDX24 and DDX49 recognize gammaherpesvirus transcripts and convey an antiviral effect in the context of lytic reactivation.
Water Budget, Biological Water Use, and the Soil Hydrological Cycle across Typical Ecosystems of the Heihe River Basin
Authors: Chen Qi , Xing Yuhua , Zhang Dapeng , Sun Haitao , Wang Pei
Published: September 2022

Quantification of the water budget of an arid inland river ecosystem is essential but still a challenge for the sustainable development of water resources. In situ observed data were used to analyze the monthly and annual water budgets and the soil hydrological cycle for six typical ecosystems in the Heihe River Basin (HRB). The two-source model was used to partition evapotranspiration (ET) into transpiration (T) and evaporation, after which the validated model was applied to quantitatively analyze the biological water use fraction [T/Ecosystem Water Supply (WS)] for different ecosystems. There were differences in the water budgets of the different ecosystems due to differences in climate, vegetation, soil, and external inputs. Precipitation in the HRB decreased from upstream to downstream, whereas there was a gradual increase in ET. External sources of water (e.g., natural runoff from upstream, irrigation in the middle reaches, and groundwater recharge in the lower reaches) to soil layers played an important role in regulating the water budgets of HRB ecosystems. Cropland obtained the maximum biological water use fraction (0.50), followed by Populus euphratica (0.49), alpine meadow (0.49), alpine swamp meadow (0.44), Tamarix ramosissima (0.42), and Kalidium foliatum (0.4). The soil water residence time (at a depth of 40 cm) varied from 14 d to 97 d (average of 60 d). The order of plant species in terms of soil water residence time was: K. foliatum (88 d) > T. ramosissima (72 d) > alpine meadow (68 d) > alpine swamp meadow (63 d) > cropland (53 d) > P. euphratica forest (20 d). Differences in the biological water use fraction and soil water residence time could be attributed to the characteristics of the water budget for each ecosystem. This study quantified the water budget, biological water use, and soil hydrological cycle across typical ecosystems in HRB, and can act as a reference for ecosystem management of the arid inland river basin.
Economic Analysis of Flood Risk Applied to the Rehabilitation of Drainage Networks
Authors: Bayas-Jiménez Leonardo , Martínez-Solano F. Javier , Iglesias-Rey Pedro L. , Boano Fulvio
Published: September 2022

Over time, cities have grown, developing various activities and accumulating important economic assets. Floods are a problem that worry city administrators who seek to make cities more resilient and safer. This increase in flood events is due to different causes: poor planning, population increase, aging of networks, etc. However, the two main causes for the increase in urban flooding are the increment in frequency of extreme rainfall, generated mainly by climate change, and the increase in urbanized areas in cities, which reduce green areas, decreasing the percentage of water that seeps naturally into the soil. As a contribution to solve these problems, the work presented shows a method to rehabilitate drainage networks that contemplates implementing different actions in the network: renovation of pipes, construction of storm tanks and installation of hydraulic controls. This work focuses on evaluating the flood risk in economic terms. To achieve this, the expected annual damage from floods and the annual investments in infrastructure to control floods are estimated. These two terms are used to form an objective function to be minimized. To evaluate this objective function, an optimization model is presented that incorporates a genetic algorithm to find the best solutions to the problem; the hydraulic analysis of the network is performed with the SWMM model. This work also presents a strategy to reduce computation times by reducing the search space focused mainly on large networks. This is intended to show a complete and robust methodology that can be used by managers and administrators of drainage networks in cities.
Evaluation of Business Models for Fecal Sludge Emptying and Transport in Informal Settlements of Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Singh Shirish , Laker Florence , Bateganya Najib L. , Nkurunziza Allan G. , Semiyaga Swaib , Brdjanovic Damir
Published: September 2022

Various business models for fecal sludge emptying and transport have been developed to address challenges and their advantages have been documented; however, their evaluation has not been investigated. This study developed an evaluation framework, which was tested in informal settlements in Kampala for sustainable business models of fecal sludge emptying and transport. Through key informant interviews and stakeholder consultations, service delivery challenges from informal settlements in Kampala were identified and included in the framework, which were: high cost of emptying services, spillages, access to facilities, high operational costs and social stigma. The evaluation framework adopted six service criteria: Financial, Institutional, Environmental, Technological, Social and Scalability; these were further defined by fifteen service sub-criteria. The criteria were tested separately on eight business models—for mechanized (cesspool) and semi-mechanized (gulper) technologies. The key output of the evaluation framework (business model scorecard) revealed that two models (scheduled desludging and call center) for cesspool technology and three models (mobile transfer stations, scheduled desludging and call center) for gulper technology have high potential for service improvement in informal settlements. Scheduled desludging and mobile transfer stations can effectively optimize emptying services and subsequently reduce emptying charges, whereas the call center is critical for bridging service delivery.
Long-Term (1990–2013) Changes and Spatial Variations of Cropland Runoff across China
Authors: Zhang Yufu , Jiao Xinyi , Wei Yinghuai , Wu Hao , Pan Zheqi , Liu Mei , Yuan Julin , Ni Meng , Zhou Zhiming , Zeng Lingzao , Chen Dingjiang
Published: September 2022

Quantitative information on regional cropland runoff is important for sustainable agricultural water quantity and quality management. This study combined the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method and geostatistical approaches to quantify long-term (1990–2013) changes and regional spatial variations of cropland runoff in China. Estimated CN values from 17 cropland study sites across China showed reasonable agreement with default values from the National Engineering Handbook (R2 = 0.76, n = 17). Among four commonly used geostatistical interpolation methods, the inverse distance weighting (IDW) method achieved the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.67, n = 209) for prediction of cropland runoff. Using default CN values and the IDW method, estimated national annual cropland runoff volume and runoff depth in 1990–2013 were 253 ± 25 km3 yr−1 and 182 ± 15 mm yr−1, respectively. Estimated cropland runoff depth gradually increased from the drier northwest inland region to the wetter southeast coastal region (range: 2–1375 mm yr−1). Regionally, eastern, central and southern China accounted for 39% of the cultivated area and 53% of the irrigated land area and contributed to 68% of the national cropland runoff volume. In contrast, northwestern, northern, southwestern and northeastern China accounted for 61% of the cultivated area and 47% of the irrigated land area and contributed to 32% of the runoff volume. Rainfall was the main source (72%) of cropland runoff for the entire nation, while irrigation became the main source of cropland runoff in drier regions (northwestern and southwestern China). Over the 24-year study period, estimated cropland runoff depth showed no significant trends, whereas cropland runoff volume and irrigation-contributed percentages decreased by 7% and 35%, respectively, owing to implementation of water-saving irrigation technologies. To reduce excessive runoff and increase water utilization efficiencies, regionally specific water management strategies should be further promoted. As the first long-term national estimate of cropland runoff in China, this study provides a simple framework for estimating regional cropland runoff depth and volume, providing critical information for guiding developments of management practices to mitigate agricultural nonpoint source pollution, soil erosion and water scarcity.
Future Projections and Uncertainties of CMIP6 for Hydrological Indicators and Their Discrepancies from CMIP5 over South Korea
Authors: Doi Manh Van , Kim Jongho
Published: September 2022

Future climate projections and their uncertainties affect many aspects of the world, so reliable assessments are essential for policymakers who need to prepare mitigation measures in the context of climate change. In this study, we examined the projected future climate and estimated uncertainty for South Korea using results from the global climate model (GCM), updated from the sixth phase of the coupled model intercomparison project (CMIP6); we then compared the differences in outcome between the fifth and sixth phases of the CMIP (CMIP5 and CMIP6). Future projections were estimated as the averaged climatological mean (denoted as CM¯) for the four proposed hydrological indicators. Model uncertainty (UEMI) and stochastic uncertainty (USTO) were quantified as the range of ensembles of the climatological mean, while the emission uncertainty (UEMI) was estimated as the difference between the CM¯ values of two emission scenarios. The following are the key findings of our study: (1) using an ensemble of multiple GCMs is recommended over using individual GCMs, and models in CMIP6 performed better for reproducing climate during the control period than models in the CMIP5; (2) the CM¯ values in the CMIP6 increased for future periods, especially toward the end of this century, increasing mean temperature (meanTa) by approximately 5 °C, total precipitation (totPr), and daily maximum precipitation (maxDa) by about 20%, and these values were higher than those of the CMIP5; (3) the UGCM, USTO, and UEMI values increased for future periods in most of the indices; (4) the UGCM (for meanTa, totPr, and maxDa) and USTO (for totPr and maxDa) magnitudes in the CMIP6 were higher than those in the CMIP5, while the UEMI values between the two CMIPs were similar for all of the indices; (5) the UGCM was the major source of the largest uncertainty for meanTa, the USTO had a significant impact on future projections of totPr and maxDa, especially in the summer, and the UEMI became the dominant source of uncertainty for projecting the future meanTa, especially in the period farthest from the present. These results should provide useful information for studies that quantify future climate-induced hydrological impacts.
Governance and Sustainability Challenges in the Water Policy of Morocco 1995–2020: Insights from the Middle Draa Valley
Authors: Silva-Novoa Sánchez Luis Miguel , Bossenbroek Lisa , Schilling Janpeter , Berger Elisabeth
Published: September 2022

Since the UN Water Conference in 1977, international debates have centered on global water scarcity and achieving sustainable development. In 1995, Morocco introduced a water policy to strengthen the country’s socio-economic development through irrigated agriculture, while ensuring the long-term sustainability of water resources through integrated water resource management (IWRM). Empirical research, however, reveals decreasing groundwater levels and increasing inequalities around water access. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the challenges this policy provokes for achieving sustainable development, the limitations it faces to implement IWRM, and provide insights on how the policy is linked to the increased pressure on water resources as reported in the literature. We conducted a content analysis of ten key water policy documents and thirty-seven in-depth semi-structured interviews undertaken between 2020 and 2021 with governmental actors and inhabitants of the Middle Draa Valley (south Morocco). We found that sustainability and social-inequality problems unintendedly triggered by the policy were linked to three factors: the use of a disciplinary approach for policy formulation and its limitations to encompass the complexity of the water-related problems, the compartmentalization of government sectors hindering the development of sound solutions to water-related problems, and the neglect of social, economic, and political factors affecting actual access to water.
The Role of Environmental Flows in the Spatial Variation of the Water Exploitation Index
Authors: Pardo-Loaiza Jesús , Bergillos Rafael J. , Solera Abel , Paredes-Arquiola Javier , Andreu Joaquín
Published: September 2022

This article presents a novel methodology to assess the spatial and temporal variations of water resources exploitation within regulated river basins. The methodology, which is based on the application of a basin management model to properly assess the consumed and available water, was applied to a case study in the Iberian Peninsula to analyze the effects of environmental flows in the water resources exploitation of all rivers in the basin. It was demonstrated that the river sections in the upper part of the Órbigo River are subjected to lower water stress levels, so that they would be more suitable alternatives to supply new possible water uses. In addition, it was found that, during the summer months, the available water resources in natural regime are more than 1.5, 1.8 and 2.4 times lower than the consumed water in the upper, lower and middle stretches of the Órbigo River, respectively. This reveals the necessity of regulating the water resource to fulfill the water demands of the basin throughout the year. Finally, it was found that increases (decreases) in environmental flows not only lead to reductions (rises) in water availability, but also can induce decreases (increases) in consumed water resources due to lower (greater) water availability. This effect is more significant as water stress levels are higher. The results of this paper highlight the importance and usefulness of basin management models to accurately estimate the spatial variability of the water exploitation index, and the effects of environmental flows on both water availability and consumed water resources. The proposed approach to reduce the spatial scale of the water exploitation index is also helpful to identify the best water sources in river basins to meet future demands and/or higher values of environmental flows.
Unsupervised Representation Learning of GRACE Improves Groundwater Predictions
Authors: Ram Akhila Prabhakar
Published: September 2022

Groundwater is a crucial source of the world’s drinking and irrigation water. Nonetheless, it is being rapidly depleted in many parts of the world. To enact policy decisions to preserve this precious resource, policymakers need real-time data on the groundwater levels in their local area. However, groundwater monitoring wells are costly and scarce in supply. The use of satellite imagery is a promising alternative with its ability to provide continuous information over a large area. Machine learning has also emerged as an alternative to computationally intensive physics-based models. However, advancements in machine learning such as unsupervised learning methods have never been translated to groundwater modeling. Thus, in this paper, learned representations were generated for the GRACE satellite for the first time. When used as an input to groundwater prediction models, the learned representations reduce the root mean square error (RMSE) by up to 19% and improve the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) by up to 8x compared to traditional satellite data inputs at three different spatial scales: national, state, and county. The learned representations are able to discern fine-grained patterns from the coarse satellite data, globally downscaling the GRACE satellite. Crucially, the globally trained representations have the potential to improve the performance of virtually every machine learning-based groundwater prediction model. With accurate measurements, local officials are empowered to make proactive decisions to ensure the stability of their region’s water.
Potential Toxic Impacts of Hg Migration in the Disjointed Hyporheic Zone in the Gold Mining Area Experiencing River Water Level Changes
Authors: Liu Ruiping , Liu Fei , Jiao Jiangang , Xu Youning , Dong Ying , R.M. El-Wardany , Zhang Xinshe , Chen Huaqing
Published: September 2022

In order to study the occurrence form, vertical migration and transformation and the potential ecological risk of Hg in the disjointed hyporheic zone in the gold mining area is investigated. Through field investigation, in-situ test, and test analysis, the results show that: (1) the form of mercury in the original stratum where the river water-groundwater hydraulic connection is disconnected is mainly in the residual state, accounting for 77.78% of the total mercury; (2) after the water content increases or the water level changes, the various forms of occurrence in the soil surface layer decrease, and the residual state is still the main form; the main forms of mercury in the sand and pebble layer are diversified, including the residual state, strong organic state and humic acid state; (3) the mercury content in the subsurface zone in winter is higher than that in summer; (4) although the mercury content in groundwater has not been detected, the potential ecological risk of mercury in the disjointed Hyporheic zone near the river in the study area is much higher than the extreme ecological hazard threshold, which has a value of 320. The risk of groundwater pollution caused by mercury during the long-term runoff of the river is higher than that during the flood period. Therefore, relevant departments need to rectify the river as soon as possible, from the source to reduce the ecological risk of heavy metals to groundwater. The results will provide a scientific basis for groundwater control.
The role of socioeconomic and stressful risk factors in the prevalence of malignancies
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Abdurazakova Kh. N. , Magomedov M. G. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Omarova S. O. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia, Gasanova Z. M. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russia
Published: September 2022

Malignant neoplasms (MNO) are a significant social, social and medical problem of modern society. Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world, from which about 10 million people died in 2020. In this regard, the identification of the main factors contributing to oncogenesis is the most urgent task of modern clinical medicine. Tumor formations of malignant genesis are polyetiological. It has not been finally established which of the factors is of paramount importance, but it has been revealed that various psychosocial processes are triggers. Among them: social status, working conditions, life events (depression, hopelessness, loss of a loved one, etc.). A detailed study of the relationship between psychosocial factors and environmental factors in the development, progression and mortality from certain types of cancer is important in understanding the main mechanisms of prevention of this pathology. The analysis of the results obtained can be taken into account in the development of personalized measures to prevent the development of cancer in a particular individual.
Die Politik von Xusrō I. Anōšīrvān (531-579) gegenüber Christen in dem Iran
Authors: MAKSYMIUK Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

It seems that the 6th century military clashes between Byzantium and Iran stemmed, at least to some extent, from religious conflicts. The article offers an attempt to analyze the actions of the king of Iran - Xusrō I taken towards the Christians, especially during the periods of wars. One may observe a certain dose of tolerance towards the Christians in the policies of Xusrō I, as the persecutions were generally directed against the apostates from Masdaism. Xusrō I supported the Persian/Teodorian Church, with parallel attempts to subduing it to the crown. It seems that support of developing miaphysite Church aimed at strengthening Iranian influence in the border areas.
A new Sasanian helmet in the Musee d’Art Classique de Mougins
Authors: AHMAD Shah Nadeem
Published: September 2022

This article will describe a previously unknown helmet in the Musee d’Art Classique de Mougins (MACM) in southern France. The helmet is of the “bandhelm” variety and is decorated with heraldic motifs plus silvered rivets. The helmet bears some resemblance to known helmets from Cheragh Ali Tepe / Amlash but also differs in several crucial ways. In the light of this new example, a new typology of Sasanian helmets and some novel insights on the development of Sasanian helmets is also offered.
The Role of Sialic Acid and Red Blood Cells Zeta Potential in Oxygen Transport from Bloodstream to Vital Organs and Tissues: Review of Current Data
Authors: Пыко К.В. , Беспалов Ю.А. , Осочук С.С.
Published: September 2022

Транспорт кислорода из русла крови в ткани жизненно важных органов является одним из наиболее важных факторов обеспечения энергетического баланса организма. При нарушении его развиваются изменения метаболизма и физиологического состояния организма, проявляющиеся в диапазоне от ощущения недомогания до летального исхода, что связано прежде всего с недостаточным потреблением тканями организма кислорода как конечного акцептора электрон-транспортной цепи митохондрий. Понимание и углубленное изучение этих механизмов может значительно повлиять на существующие подходы к лечению пациентов, подготовке спортсменов и разработке технологий двойного назначения, в том числе для военизированных подразделений. Одними из недостаточно полно изученных участников транспорта кислорода и энергообеспечения клеток являются сиаловые кислоты и формируемый ими ζ-потенциал эритроцитов.В обзоре рассмотрены и обобщены современные знания о синтезе, биодеградации сиаловых кислот, их роли в посттрансляционной модификации белков, клеточных и субклеточных структур, транспорте кислорода, энергопродукции и развитии в ряде случаев не совместимых с жизнью заболеваний. Представленные данные литературы являются основой для проведения экспериментальных исследований, которые могут помочь уточнить механизмы транспорта кислорода.

Oxygen transport from bloodstream to tissues is an important goal in maintaining the energy balance of the body. If this balance undergoes an extreme change, it could lead to number of pathological condition from fatigue to death because tissue has lack of oxygen as the final acceptor of the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. Understanding and researching these mechanisms could bring important changes in modern treatment guidelines, athletic training or military training and invention of dual-use technology. One of the unknown factors that has an impact on oxygen delivery is sialic acid and zeta- potential.This review examines and summarizes the current knowledge about the synthesis, biodegradation of sialic acids and the role in posttranslational modification of proteins, modification of cellular and subcellular structures, oxygen delivery, bioenergetics, organism development and how they influence the mortality rates of some diseases. The data presented are the basis for conducting experimental studies that can help to understand the mechanism of oxygen transport.
Uso das águas subterrâneas e conflito no abastecimento de água em pequena cidade do semiárido potiguar
Authors: Almeida Vinícius Domingos Aires de , Vieira Paulo Victor Menezes , Ferreira Isabel Cristina Silva , Silva Nathália Helane Simão da , Peixoto Filipe da Silva
Published: September 2022

Inserida no contexto hidroclimático de constantes secas no semiárido brasileiro, a área urbana do município de Riacho de Santana/RN tem sofrido colapso no abastecimento público de forma recorrente. A partir desse problema, surgiram conflitos de dominialidade do serviço de abastecimento entre a Companhia de Água e Esgoto do Rio Grande do Norte - CAERN e comerciantes locais que abastecem parte da população da cidade, no entanto sem a garantia de qualidade adequada. O presente trabalho buscou, assim, caracterizar os conflitos no uso e distribuição de água no abastecimento urbano do município de Riacho de Santana. Para isso, foi realizado cadastro de poços e dimensionamento dos serviços públicos e alternativo de abastecimento de água. Foram identificados 15 poços na área urbana voltados em sua maioria para o abastecimento doméstico, sendo que 3 desses poços são voltados para o serviço alternativo, abastecendo 28% das famílias na área.
Relato de Experiência no Estágio Supervisionado em Geografia: o croqui cartográfico como recurso metodológico no ensino básico
Authors: Ferreira Júnior Dionel Barbosa , Dos Santos Robson Alves
Published: September 2022

A educação geográfica e o ensino da Geografia perpassam por transições nas suas abordagens de conteúdos, práticas de ensino e metodologias realizadas em sala de aula. Assim sendo, o foco neste trabalho está na atuação do discente ao ministrar a aula, de modo que aborde e relate a experiência de elaboração de croquis cartográficos enquanto metodologia pedagógica a ser explorada nas aulas de Geografia. Para a realização desta pesquisa consideramos vários procedimentos e etapas, com base no objetivo proposto. As metodologias utilizadas foram a) pesquisa teórica; b) planejamento didático-pedagógico; c) regência e d) elaboração de croquis pelos alunos, durante a experiência no estágio docente supervisionado. A cartografia tornou-se tema relevante entre pesquisadores preocupados em inseri-la no ensino de uma Geografia escolar. A inserção da cartografia, sobretudo o uso de croquis, exerce a criatividade e possibilita ao aluno uma participação mais interativa nos conteúdos do ensino de Geografia.
Revisión sistemática del uso de agentes físicos de pacientes pediátricos basado en la evidencia científica
Authors: Jaime-Estrada Sandra , Sasia-Zayas Karen
Published: September 2022

Physical agents are a form of energy that have the ability to interfere with matter, and are used in the process of rehabilitation, among them we can find the use of water, heat, cold, sound, electrical currents, and electromagnetic radiation. The main objective of this study is to analyze if is beneficial the use of physical agents in the intervention and interaction with pediatric patients (0 to 17 years). Material and methods: An extensive search of bibliographic material in Google Academic, Medigraphic, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Pubmed, was conducted between July 6 and October 30, 2020, with the limits: studies in pediatric patients, written in Spanish and English, which were of the type: systematic reviews, controlled and randomized studies, and practice guidelines. Results: Of the 1860 studies analyzed, only 45 could be added for this research since they met the inclusion criteria. The initial hypothesis could be tested: physical agents are effective in the treatment of pediatric patients, however it is considered that more research is needed in this area.
Reliability Centered Maintenance Management in the laboratory area of a Higher Education Institution
Authors: Fornes-Rivera René , Ochoa-Espinoza Luis , Cano-Carrasco Adolfo , Gonzales-Valenzuela Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

Maintaining that waits for failure to intervene to occur resulting in production losses, high costs and decreased life cycle of the asset. In the Head of Department of Laboratories and Audiovisual Resources institution of higher education, it requires teams with opportunity for improvement in terms of reliability, maintainability and availability are identified. The objective was: proposal for implementation of maintenance through the methodology of Reliability Centered Maintenance to manage equipment availability; which consists of seven steps: 1) define the system and determine the criticality of equipment, 2) identify and define their functions; 3) determine failures; 4) establish failure modes; 5) determine the effects of failures; 6) assess consequences; 7) and develop a plan for equipment maintenance. As a result seven critical to equipment failure analysis were obtained; technical specifications; recommendations for use; Application forms and work orders; schedule of activities, maintenance strategies and indicators for the area. It is concluded that the objective to make a proposal for implementation of maintenance measures that support generating increasing the availability previously compliance with reliability and maintainability fulfilled.
Innovation and technology to strengthen the learning of Calculus
Authors: Sánchez Bertha , Jiménez Guadalupe , Montoya Javier , Hernández Samuel
Published: September 2022

The proposal aims to improve the learning process of differential and integral calculus by applying dynamic teaching strategies and the use of technological resources. Participatory methodology in a space where meaningful content are managed, updated, space and the environment with different spatial distributions depending on the type of work is controlled, posters theorems and formulas alluding to the subject are presented. The work can be individual or collective. It represents an intellectually complex work applying various skills in real world situations. Multiple elements are integrated: A server, internal network WiFi, electronic whiteboard, projector, mobile devices.
Interactive Software for Preschool Level
Authors: García Oscar , Mancilla Victor , Aguilera Gabriel , Aguilar Rebeca
Published: September 2022

The objective of this project is to create a tool that is support for teachers in the teaching of different training fields needed and agreed by SEP (Secretaria de Educación Pública), so that students have a meaningful learning. This is a graphic software that interacts with the student, is based on activities that the child be held and includes use of colors, letters, sounds, everything you need for students to acquire the necessary skills. The methodology is based on the quasi- experiemental research, and is made up of variables constructs, indicators and indices. As part of the constructs it is that students can relate geometric shapes such as circles, triangles, rectangles, etc. It is hoped that this project, students have easier access to knowledge and tecología management approach. As well as any student of any social level can access it through this software
Good practices of the Keep Learning Program ... in the hospital, in the facilities of the Hospital de Especialidades Pediátricas de la Ciudad de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas"
Authors: Mena-Andrea Nangusé María Elena , Montesinos-Lisandro Cruz Elisa
Published: September 2022

The program "Let us keep learning ... in the hospital" has its beginnings in 2005 in five hospitals in Mexico, his arrival to the state of Chiapas was almost immediately, so that, for 2006, was home in the new hospital Pediatric entity. Since its launch, has been a top end, to combat the backlog of education in children of school age and health problems have to leave their academic studies from having to remain hospitalized for days, weeks, months and even years. As the first pediatric tertiary care hospital was born together with the educational program continue to learn ... in the hospital, where since then there have been many children served medical and "educationally", provided that, inclusiveness and universal right to the education of all children. Contribution: The presete research leads us to realize that the other exite (otherness) that all people, in the specific case of children and sick and sick children with health problems terminally ill or long or short recovery period, and visiting hospitals are entitled to education, have the right to not lose a school year or cycle for any disease, it helps the teaching hospital is also known, which is an emerging form of education authorities and hospitals come to learn that some centers are already serving this population but physically vulnerable, are entitled to the same rights as everyone.
Epistemologías del Sur y Epistemologías para la Paz: encuentros analógicos y ecológicos
Authors: Oviedo Sotelo Daniel
Published: September 2022

Las Epistemologías del Sur y las Epistemologías para la Paz emergen como alternativas ante la ciencia moderna hegemónica, debido a su apertura hacia los «otros» saberes diversos del mundo. Ambas se aproximan entre sí, por presentar características y objetivos similares, por lo que se propuso aquí explicitar sus principales similitudes y complementariedades. La metodología de análisis ha sido hermenéutica y lógica, con textos representativos de algunos de los principales exponentes de ambas miradas. En esta tarea, se destacó a lo ecológico, como eje transversal y de diálogos entre culturas. Además, se apoyó la idea de confluencia entre las epistemologías, analizando a la Epistemología Analógica, la cual no solo es del Sur y tiende a la paz, sino que en su esencia presenta elementos que permiten superar al univocismo dominante sin caer en un equivocismo sin límites.
Manuel Zapata Olivella y el pensamiento decolonial
Authors: Sierra Garzón Freddy Alexander , Romero Sierra Kebby
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se propuso un acercamiento entre la producción literaria y académica de Manuel Zapata Olivella con el pensamiento Decolonial. El análisis de textos se realizó mediante la praxis hermenéutica de dos principales obras literarias como: Chango el Gran Putas y Levántate mulato con las publicaciones de la revista Letras Nacionales. Finalmente, el pensador colombiano comprendió la retórica dominante de la modernidad y las injusticias de la lógica de la colonialidad; su construcción vivencial, cultural y crítica reflexiva del mestizaje, alejado de procesos políticos nacionalistas cimentó las bases identitarias de una sociedad tri-étnica para el mantenimiento de tradiciones y saberes que pueden configurar nuevas gramáticas de la decolonialidad en Colombia.
Kandungan gizi dan aktivitas antioksidan beras merah dan beras hitam padi ladang lokal dari Kabupaten Bulungan, Provinsi Kalimantan Utara
Authors: Pangerang Fitrah
Published: September 2022

Beras merah dan beras hitam lokal Bulungan Kalimantan Utara dibudidayakan secara turun temurun oleh petani ladang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji nilai gizi dan aktivitas antioksidan beras merah dan beras hitam lokal padi ladang yang tersebar di beberapa daerah Bulungan. Beras merah lokal yang diuji berasal dari daerah Klubir, Tanjung Palas, Pimping, Teras Baru dan Selimau. Sedangkan beras hitam berasal dari daerah Pejalin, Selimau dan Tobulo. Pengujian nilai gizi beras dilakukan meliputi pengujian kadar protein, lemak, serat kasar, abu, dan karbohidrat. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan metode DPPH. Kandungan nilai gizi menunjukkan protein beras merah mencapai 7,72-9,10%, lemak 1,00-2,07%, serat kasar 0,24-1,77%, total abu 0,43-1,01%, karbohidrat 73,16-79,58%. Sedangkan pada beras hitam memiliki protein 7,44-10,08%, lemak 0,22-0,42%, serat kasar 0,06-0,10%, total abu 0,14-0,78%, karbohidrat 75,80-78,68%. Pengujian nilai aktivitas antioksidan beras merah maupun beras hitam lokal menunjukkan nilai IC50 beras merah 85,69-290,54 ppm. Sedangkan beras hitam memiliki IC50 176,62-287,14 ppm. Kesimpulan beras hitam lokal Bulungan memiliki protein cenderung lebih tinggi dari beras merah lokal. Umumnya beras merah maupun beras hitam lokal memiliki kadar lemak dibawah 3% dan mineral (abu) maksimal 4%. Kandungan serat beras merah maupun beras hitam lokal tergolong rendah yaitu kurang dari 36% dan kandungan karbohidrat (BETN) cukup tinggi. Aktivitas antioksidan beras merah cenderung lebih kuat dibandingkan beras hitam lokal.
Politiche della logistica: un percorso di ricerca sul globale
Authors: Grappi Giorgio
Published: September 2022

The essay aims to show the relevance of logistics for political theory, both as an object of research
for understanding production, and as an angle on the transformations involving the state-form,
sovereignty and the formation of subjectivity in the global age. By reflecting upon some
experiences of field research, the essay discusses logistics as an element of the transnational
dimension of the political and as a specific form of power and governance. The essay argues for the
need to critically analyze the discourses and transformations connected to logistics in order to
imagine new forms of theoretical production to critically grasp the present and includes some
preliminary insights to interpret the impact of the coronavirus pandemic.
PENGARUH CURRENT RATIO, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, DEBT TO ASSETS RATIO DAN TOTAL ASSETS TURNOVER TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSETS PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INFONESIA
Authors: Branido Rendra , Maria Valianti Reva , Rismansyah Rismansyah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Assets Ratio dan Total Assets Turnover secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap Return On Assets pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah uji asumsi klasik, regresi linier sederhana, regresi linier berganda, koefesien korelasi (R) dan koefesien determinasi (R2) Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Berdasarkan uji hipotesis uji F menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,004 < 0,05 yang artinya secara simultan variabel Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Debt to Assets Ratio dan Total Assets Turnover berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets. 2) Berdasarkan uji hipotesis uji t variabel Current Ratio terhadap Return On Assets menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,338 > 0,05 artinya secara parsial Current Ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets. 3) Berdasarkan uji hipotesis uji t variabel Debt to Equity Ratio terhadap Return On Assets menunjukkan nilai signifikan 0,001 < 0,05 artinya secara parsial variabel Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets. 3) Berdasarkan uji hipotesis uji t variabel Debt to Assets Ratio terhadap Return On Assets menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,011 < 0,05 artinya secara parsial variabel Debt to Assets Ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets. 4) Berdasarkan uji hipotesis uji t variabel Total Assets Turnover terhadap Return On Assets menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,629 > 0,05 artinya secara parsial Total Assets Turnover tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return On Assets