bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Gender and Clinical examination frequency and confidence of Medical Students in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Muhammad Abubaker Tobaiqi  , Ahmad Salama Alhazmi  , Abdullah Hamoud Almutairi  , Ziyad Naji Almohammadi  , Asim Sultan Alluhaybi  , Saad Faisal Alharbi  , Ibrahim Musaad Alzahrani
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Determine the student's confidence and capability in performing examinations by both gender on the same and opposite sex.Methods: A valid questionnaire has been distributed to College of Medicine students at Taiba University in Saudi Arabia. This questionnaire includes questions about the factors which may be related or affect the medical experience during general or intimate examination and questions about the frequency of examinations on the same and opposite sex. Comparison of males and females was done using Chi-square tests analysis using the SPSS version 23.Result: Out of 150 final year medical students, 108 male and female students (72%) have participated in this research. There were 82.8% of males and 62% of females that have agreed that cultural and religious traditions have impacted their clinical experience with the opposite sex. In regard of respiratory examination for patients of the opposite sex, only 1.7% of the males have performed respiratory examination for patients of the opposite sex more than (10) times, compared to 34% of females. Also 44.8% of males have performed male genitalia examination (1-5) times, compared to 12% of females. On the other hand, 1.7% of males have performed vaginal examination compared to 12% of females.Conclusion: This study showed that there is an association between gender and clinical experience in some aspects. Researchers emphasize minimizing the negative effects of gender nature on the clinical experience by using alternatives or encouraging the patients to allow students to complete their clinical examination while ensuring patients privacy and integrity.
Occupational Health Problems Among Tobacco Processing Factory Workers, at Kheda District Gujarat: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Jinal Patel  , Rahul Parmar  , Heena Solanki  , Bhumi Pando  , Fiza Vohra  , Prachi Patel  , Kailash Nagar  , Virendra Jain
Published: November 2022

Background: Tobacco use is a major public health problem globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco is the second most important cause of death in the world. It is currently estimated to be responsible for about 5 million deaths each year worldwide. In India, it is responsible for over 8 lakh deaths every year. Tobacco use is one of the most important preventable causes of disease and death globally.Aims of study: To determine the occupational health hazard of tobacco workers.Objectives:1. To explore the various types of occupational health hazards among factory workers.2. To determine the occupational health problems among tobacco factory workers.Methodology: The researcher has adopted quantitative non experimental research approach. A cross-sectional study was carried among 50 tobacco factory workers in Kheda District Gujarat. The tobacco factory workers who fulfil the inclusion criteria were selected as a sample for the study and sample size was 50, Non-Probability purposive sampling technique was used. The data was collected using a questionnaire and performing a clinical examination. The questionnaire gathered information on demographic factors and adverse habits of the study subjects. The subjects were clinically examined to assess their respiratory health status using lungs function test. Prevalence of tobacco chewing and/or bidi and cigarette smoking, and their socio-demographic correlates, were examined. Collected data were analysed using SPSS statistics software.Results: Majority of the workers in the tobacco factory had tobacco chewing habits (44%) than smoking (2%) and alcohol drinking (38%). Majority of the workers in the tobacco factory workers belongs to 19-25 years (34%), regards to gender(68%) were male, regards to educational status (60%) were illiterate, Monthly income in rupees (56%) has 5000-10000 INR. Majority of workers had normal BMI (72%). Due to working in the tobacco factory (34%) have respiratory problem tachypnoea. (84%) of workers were having cough problem. (32%) of workers are having Runny and Stiffy nose. (42%) of workers are having Itching in eyes. (44%) of workers are having Skin rash.

Conclusion: The study attempted to assess the health problems among tobacco factory workers. Study result revealed that tobacco factory hazard had a great effect on the tobacco workers, so it should be halted/minimized at an acceptable level. The “Tobacco Control Law” in the country should be enforced strictly so that the owner of the factory maintain healthy environment for the workers to prevent or reduce the occupational health hazards at an acceptable level.
A Study of the Factors Related to Screening of Cervical Cancer of Women in Ardabil Health Centers
Authors: Amirreza Montasheri
Published: November 2022

Background and aims: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in women after breast cancer. By prevention and using prevention methods, its development and the resultant morality rate will no doubt decrease. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the related causes through screening of cervical cancer of women in Ardabil, Iran.Methodology: In this descriptive-analytic study, 300 women coming to health centers in Ardabil were selected through multi-step sampling. The data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire composed of two parts, including knowledge and attitude questions, and a form to be filled with demographic information, family details, socioeconomic status, and midwifery-obstetrics risk factors. The data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings: The rate of cervical cancer screening was found to be 25.3%. There was a significant relationship between cervical cancer screening and educational level (p < .001) and the history of sexual diseases. We could not observe a significant relationship between the test and insurance, smoking history, the age of the first marriage, and the number of marriages by each subject (p > .05).Conclusion: With an eye on some crucial factors and their role in taking screening tests and an understanding of inaction regarding preventive practices, attention to other barriers and removing them is emphasized.
A study to determine knowledge of COVID 19 among rural area families
Authors: Shivaji Pawar  , Mahadeo Shinde  , Kezia Achamma Varughese  , Sanket Khandagale  , K M Deepshika  , Saurabh Kumbhar
Published: November 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the infectious agent that causes the corona virus illness (COVID-19). This virus can cause mild to moderate respiratory sickness in infected individuals, but they can recover without the need for special medical care. Little was known about the level of COVID-19 knowledge among inhabitants in such a dire scenario. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the general population's degree of knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 in Karad Taluka. METHOD: For this study, 300 residents of Kale Village who are part of the community were enrolled. The design of the study was cross-sectional. For this investigation, a practical sampling strategy was employed. Participants' knowledge and attitude were evaluated using a structured knowledge questionnaire. In the two months from December 2021 to January 2022, data collecting was finished. RESULTS: The majority of participants, 180 (60%) had average knowledge of Covid 19, 100 (33.33%) had bad knowledge, and only 20 (6.66%) of the individuals had strong understanding of Covid 19. People have a favourable view toward covid 19. CONCLUSION: The data show that people have a positive attitude and have an average level of knowledge of COVID 19.
Knowledge and Attitude regarding Health Awareness among Primary School Children of Government School at Kheda district
Authors: Shivani Patel  , Heli Patel  , Priyanka Nai  , Mili Patel  , Toral Charel  , Sahil Panjavani  , Prakruti Patel
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Personal hygiene is the technique of keeping one's own body clean. Personal cleanliness and good sanitary habits play a significant role in elements that relate to healthy living and the reduction of disease-related risks in primary school children.Health education about crucial aspects of personal hygiene and environment hygiene should be delivered in schools.Poor hygiene habits are a serious issue in underdeveloped nations. Diseases associated to hygiene and sanitation are a major burden in underdeveloped countries, making many children sick and even killing them.This study is projected for investigation of the prevalence of health awareness among primary school children. The goal of this study was to evaluate children’s present level of knowledge and behavior about hand washing, bathing, brushing teeth, and taking care of their nails and hair.Material And Methods: The sample size consisted of 100 primary school children of Government schools at Kheda district. Data were collected by Demographic data sheet, structured questionnaire and Structure Teaching Programme. The Knowledge and attitude Assessment Tool was administered to patients. Time taken by each respondent for filling the questionnaire was average 10-15 minutes. Demographic variables analyzed using frequency and percentage.The data were analyzed by structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scaleResult: In our study out of 100 samples 02 (02%) sample had obtained poor knowledge scores ranging inadequate (<50%), while 96 (96%) sample had obtained average knowledge scores moderately adequate (50-75%) and only 4 (4%) sample had obtained Adequate (>75%) scores. It can be revealed that 96 (96%) sample had obtained moderately knowledge scores. Out of 100 samples 79 (79%) sample had obtained poor attitude scores ranging below 13 and 12 (21%) sample had obtained average attitude scores ranging between 13 to 15. It can be revealed that 79 (79%) samples had obtained poor attitude scores (unfavorable). There was poor correlation between knowledge and attitude (r-0.477) regarding health awareness among primary school children’s.Conclusion: The purpose of present study is to a descriptive research study to assess the effectiveness of structure teaching programmeon knowledge and attitude regarding health awareness among primary school children at government schools of kheda district. And according to our study knowledge and attitude regarding health awareness among primary school children is average.
Explicating the Impact of Customer Retention on Organizational Resilience: An Empirical Study of Selected Insurance Companies in Kenya
Authors: Aden Ibrahim Adow , Muthimi Dr. Janet
Published: November 2022

This study was designed to investigate the effect of customer retention strategies and organizational resilience among insurance companies in Kenya. More specifically, the study focused on service quality strategy, customer satisfaction strategy, product mix strategy and perceived price fairness strategy in relation to organizational resilience among insurance companies in Kenya. The study was anchored on the dynamic capability theory, equity theory and the market-based view theory. A descriptive survey and cross-sectional design was adopted for this study. The study targeted marketing managers, underwriters and claim managers and their equivalent at CIC Insurance Company within Nairobi City County, Kenya. Questionnaires were utilized in collecting the Primary data. Descriptive statistics was used in describing the sample data which was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and presented through percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies. Inferential statistics covering regression analysis was performed to come up with relevant inferences. The study findings indicated that service quality strategy, customer satisfaction strategy, product mix strategy and perceived price fairness strategy affected organizational resilience to a great extent. Customer retention strategy was found to have a higher impact on organizational market share, growth and profitability. Similarly, customer retention strategies were found to enhance an organization’s market share whereby people generally feel as associates with the insurance companies, gain trust with the insurance company and definitely making them to continue seeking services with the organization. On the other hand, customer retention strategies of effectiveness in cost/pricing structure of brands in the organization were found to aid in attracting new customers who open various cost structured accounts designed by the organization. The study recommends that the insurance companies should provide quality services as it is the best way of retaining the existing customers in the firm and this in turn yields greater commitment and loyalty of the customers
EFICIÊNCIA DOS TRATAMENTOS DE PACIENTES COM SÍNDROMES GENÉTICAS ASSOCIADAS ÀS CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS
Authors: De Mesquita Morais Andressa Ariely , Vieira Andrade Ketheryn Isabela , Carvalho Batista Nelson Jorge
Published: November 2022

As síndromes genéticas (SG) são resultados de alterações nos genes humanos, tendo cada uma suas peculiaridades. As cardiopatias congênitas (CC) são umas dessas peculiaridades, estando presente em boa parte das síndromes genéticas. Quando diagnosticada precocemente se tem um melhor resultado na recuperação do paciente. Diante disso, foi levantada a questão sobre a eficiência dos tratamentos para as cardiopatias congênitas quando associadas às síndromes genéticas. Este estudo tem como objetivos revisar a bibliografia sobre os tratamentos para as CC e apontar a eficiência desses tratamentos para CC associadas às síndromes genéticas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde os dados foram coletados em bases de dados on-line, por meio da estratégia PICO. A análise de dados foi feita por meio da leitura e análise sistemática dos artigos, por meio da qual selecionou-se 6 artigos refinados de acordo com os objetivos do estudo e critérios de inclusão. Os tratamentos para as CC se mostraram bem eficazes, não havendo tanta diferença entre os pacientes com SG e os sem, quando relacionados ao sucesso nas intervenções cirúrgicas. Porém, a maior preocupação está no pós-operatório, onde os pacientes estão suscetíveis às infecções hospitalares, que por sua vez são a maior causa de óbito para estes pacientes.
A ASSISTÊNCIA DO ENFERMEIRO HEMODINAMICISTA NAS CIRURGIAS CARDÍACAS
Authors: Veloso Laurimary Caminha , Damasceno Lima Fernanda Carolinny
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre o papel do enfermeiro nas cirurgias cardíacas. Método: É um estudo exploratório, por meio de revisão integrativa com caráter bibliográfico com abordagem metodológica qualitativa. Para seleção dos artigos que foram utilizados no estudo, visitou-se as bases de dados Scielo, LILACS e BVS e para a filtragem dos dados visando os objetivos da pesquisa utilizou-se os seguintes descritores: Enfermagem nas cirurgias cardíacas e enfermagem hemodinâmica. Resultados: Após a realização da pesquisa e obtenção dos dados, teve-se um total de 68 artigos para análise, sendo eles excluídos pelo não suprimento das necessidades, entre outras circunstâncias, restando, portanto, apenas 15 artigos. Conclusão: Verificou-se que o cuidado prestado ao paciente submetido à cirurgia cardíaca, em qualquer de suas fases, é muito importante. Como parte da equipe multidisciplinar, o profissional enfermeiro é parte fundamental da estrutura das unidades de hemodinâmica e sua atuação implica diretamente na qualidade de assistência prestada e no sucesso dos procedimentos.
LACTATO E SEUS EFEITOS METABÓLICOS: REVISÃO
Authors: Brogi Pederiva Luis Felipe , Oliveira de Souza Lucas , Silva Fernandes Ana Luiza , Faria Sanches Nicolas Adriano , Pupin Silvério Alessandra Cristina , Tavares Marcelo Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

Introdução: O lactato é uma molécula proveniente do metabolismo anaeróbico,cuja atuação atinge diversas vias metabólicas,como; Ativação dos genes Zif268 e ARC, responsáveis pela neuroplasticidade;Neuroproteção, pois o lactato atua como uma via alternativa para a produção de ATP no sistema nervoso e evita uma excitotoxicidade por glutamato,decorrente do excesso de sinapses;Estimulação da memória e do aprendizado,devido ao favorecimento do fator neurotrófico BDNF;Biogênes mitocondrial,favorecendo o desempenho no exercício resistido. Objetivo:Procurar na literatura os mais recentes artigos que evidenciam as atuações do lactato no organismo.Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura.As buscas foram feitas nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Science Direct. Critérios de inclusão: período de publicação 2017-2022, somente ensaios clínicos, meta análises,  ensaios clínicos randomizados  e revisões. Os dados foram analisados a partir da verificação do conteúdo com o tema.Resultado:Foi observado que o lactato possui uma atuação expressiva no estímulo dos genes Zif268 ,ARC,responsáveis pela neuroplasticidade,e BDNF, relacionado à memória e como fator neurotrófico.Essa observação, por sua vez, foi realizada experimentalmente na utilização de ratos. A neuroproteção foi relatada em pessoas após o exercício físico através da chegada do lactato nos neurônios por meio do Mct1 e Mct3 e exaltando sua função de suprimento energético e proteção contra excitotoxicidade. Observou-se um aumento de desempenho nos exercícios resistidos por meio da biogênese mitocondrial. Conclusão: As vias do lactato mostraram-se eficiêntes na promoção da neuroplasticidade,neuroproteção,memória,aprendizado e desempenho físico.
Management of Blunt Chest Trauma; Everything you Need to Know - A Review of Literature
Authors: Parsekar Santosh , Arsekar Samiksha , Filinto-Sequeira Ella-Marie , Rodrigues Frazer C S , Verenkar Yash Jairam , Amonkar Amol , Rodrigues Jude
Published: November 2022

Trauma is the leading cause of death worldwide of which two thirds of the patients have blunt chest trauma with varying severity from a simple rib fracture to flail chest. In this paper we are reviewing the existing literature and the management of blunt chest trauma, throwing light on the critical aspects such as evaluation and treatment. Recent advances of VATS in blunt chest trauma are de-scribed as well, majority of the BCT cases are managed non-operatively with only a handful of cases needing surgical intervention by thoracic surgeons. Younger patients have better prognosis as compared to geriatric patients with the same injuries. We also throw light on the admission criteria for BCT cases, indications of tube thoracostomy and indications of thoracotomy in BCT cases. This particular paper will throw light on the management of blunt chest trauma and its various therapeutic options in detail so as to understand this clinical entity and its implications.
A Case Study on Coronary Heart Disease using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: G. Ramanathan , S. N. Jagadeesha
Published: November 2022

Background/Purpose: We have seen an increase in coronary heart disease and heart attack risk in recent years. This is a case study on Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru to get a better understanding of the heart related ailments and their related symptoms. The hospital specializes in cardiology, cardiothoracic surgery and paediatric cardiology. Based on the symptoms various ailments are diagnosed and treated with different treatments like angioplasty, placement of stent, lifestyle changes and medicines. As part of the research, various health parameters will be collected and analyzed for diagnosing heart related ailments using Machine Learning methods. Determining the appropriate Machine Learning technique to achieve maximum accuracy is the key to achieve a better treatment and prevention of mortality. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study was undertaken using secondary sources, such as website of Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Research, journals, conference articles, the internet and scholarly articles. The SWOT framework is used to analyse, and present, the information acquired from web articles, scholarly papers and other sources. Findings/Results: Heart ailments can be predicted using a few key parameters which can help in avoiding mortality. For this purpose machine learning algorthims, Neural Networks, Particle Swarm algorithm and many more can be applied on those medicial parameters. Originality/Value: This paper reports an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of Coronary Heart Diseases and the treatment provided by Jayadeva Cardiology Hospital on different data collected. Paper Type: Case study-based Research Analysis
Procura-se uma psicólogue: narrativa de uma “klínica menor”
Authors: Felizardo Jessica
Published: November 2022

O presente ensaio visa refletir a respeito das práticas e ferramentas de uma “Klínica menor” situada numa ONG CLANDESTINA no território de Minas Gerais. Traz a narrativa dos processos de se tornar psicólogue na pandemia. Indago se a Psicologia carece de estudar suas práticas, e o que tem interessado a psicologia no atual presente. Diante disso, a klínica menor, trata-se de afirmar a resistência, e pôr corpas∕corpes∕corpos de pé, apesar das opressões e marcadores sociais que rotulam e negam suas existências.
Caixão e velas pretas ao velório do silêncio das LGBTQIA+ amazônidas: diálogos para a emancipação das vozes desviadas da Amazônia
Authors: Pereira Wilson Guilherme Dias , Hilário Rosangela Aparecida , Fernandes Estêvão Rafael
Published: November 2022

A investigação objetiva identificar o que são e como operam as pedagogias do silenciamento para as LGBTQIA+ amazônicas, enquanto categoria subalterna, seguindo os estudos produzidos por Spivak (2010), analisar a (provável) correlação entre a política e a fé cristã em Rondônia, bem como, a existência, ou não, de influências do movimento cristão nas pautas que são ditas identitárias da comunidade transviada nortista, por fim, constrói-se a partir da reflexões de Sen (2011), Honneth (2009), apontamentos para uma justiça social que rompa com o silenciamento de pessoas LGBTQIA+ no contexto da Amazônia, e do Brasil. Adotou-se os procedimentos metodológicos de entrevista semiestruturada e a revisão bibliográfica. Em suma, aponta-se como caminhos para romper o ciclo de silenciamento a ampliação da representatividade ativa desses sujeitos, de modo que, possuam voz para narrarem suas histórias, desejos, afetos e epistemologias, para constituir memórias positivas sobre seus corpos e constituir políticas públicas de emancipação.
Cotidiano de crianças quilombolas do rio Baixo Itacuruçá, Abaetetuba (PA)
Authors: Toutonge Eliana Campos Pojo , Da Costa Pereira Rosenildo
Published: November 2022

Este ensaio fotográfico traz como enredo o cotidiano das crianças do rio Baixo Itacuruçá, que fica na cidade Abaetetuba, vivenciado numa imbricada relação com a natureza. Este rio é parte do cenário das 72 ilhas que compõe o município de Abaetetuba, no Pará. De modo informal, e até invisível, as crianças vivenciam em seus modos sociais a singular experiência de reconhecer o valor da flora, da fauna, das paisagens, dos ecossistemas; aprendem o valor do humano por meio de atitudes de cooperação, de empatia e de conectar-se com o mundo natural e, ainda, aprendem a conviver comunitariamente na prática social. São crianças de várias idades, que integram-se a cultura local e, dessa forma, (re)inventam suas infâncias, seus brincares, suas primeiras impressões do viver em sociedade.
A Review of the Governing Factors in Pit-to-Crack Transitions of Metallic Structures
Authors: Katona R.M. , Karasz E.K. , Schaller R.F.
Published: November 2022

Through a combination of mechanical stresses and corrosive environments, a material’s performance may be hindered by the complex evolution of damage due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) or corrosion fatigue (CF). Understanding the contribution of the localized corrosion features, loading state, crack-formation features, local microstructure, and environment remains a critical issue when predicting crack initiation and propagation leading to potential metal failure. As such, the lifetimes of many exposed alloys are greatly reduced by the presence of corrosion damage and the prediction of this deleterious influence via standard fracture mechanics methods is nontrivial. Current knowledge is insufficient to fully address governing features and mechanism of the pit-to-crack transition, a common initiation mode of SCC and CF. This review examines current research of pit-to-crack transitions for various alloys and loading conditions and highlights critical areas of research necessary for informing the mechanism related to a material’s lifetime in a stressed corrosive environment.
How Occupational Therapists Assess and Address the Occupational Domain of Sleep: A Survey Study
Authors: Ludwig Rebecca , Eakman Aaron , Bath-Scheel Carrie , Siengsukon Catherine
Published: November 2022

Importance: Sleep is a foundational occupation in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (2nd ed.), yet little is known about how occupational therapists assess and address sleep in practice.

Objective: To survey practicing occupational therapists’ comfort with their level of knowledge about sleep, how they are assessing and addressing sleep in clinical practice, and the amount of sleep-related education they have received.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Setting: Electronic survey.

Participants: Practicing occupational therapists were invited to participate in November 2020. Survey invitations were sent via email targeting occupational therapists serving as clinical instructors.

Outcomes and Measures: The survey consisted of 41 items assessing comfort with sleep knowledge, occupation of sleep, and sleep education received. This survey was modified from a previous survey and tailored to the occupational therapy profession.

Results: A total of 169 occupational therapists completed the survey. Most (87%) agreed that sleep was an occupation, but only 44% evaluated their clients’ sleep, and 30% established treatment goals pertaining to sleep. In addition, 66% reported not receiving education about sleep in their entry-level occupational therapy program, and 78% reported receiving no continuing education about sleep in the past 2 yr. Most (92%) reported that occupational therapists should be better prepared to evaluate and treat sleep after graduation.

Conclusions and Relevance: Most occupational therapists identified sleep as an area of occupation but had limited knowledge of how to assess and address sleep in practice. Entry-level occupational therapy education programs must enhance sleep-related curricula, and continuing education programs tailored to sleep issues within occupational therapists’ practice are needed.

What This Article Adds: The results of this study indicate gaps in occupational therapists’ knowledge regarding how best to assess and treat sleep problems. We offer next steps to improve the profession’s capacity to address the occupation of sleep.
desafíos de una zona de libre comercio entre México y Centroamérica
Authors: Alas de Franco Carolina
Published: November 2022

Las tendencias integracionistas regionales obligan a preguntarse sobre las conveniencias de una integración entre países con un desarrollo económico desigual. En concreto, se exploran las posibilidades que puede tener un tratado de libre comercio entre México y Centroamérica. La autora analiza en detalle las consecuencias y los vacíos del acta de Tuxtla Gutiérrez y hace una serie de propuestas para que la región saque ventaja de las nuevas oportunidades comerciales.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 47, No. 523-524, 1992: 461-479.
Espino y la lógica anti-vida del capital
Authors: A.M.
Published: November 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 47, No. 523-524, 1992: 501-503.
Tỷ lệ và chủng loại biến thể huyết thanh xoắn khuẩn vàng da lưu hành ở bệnh nhân tại một số bệnh viện thuộc 3 tỉnh tại Việt Nam năm 2018 - 2019
Authors: Thu Nguyễn Thị , Hải Phạm Thanh , Hòa Lương Minh , Ngọc Đỗ Bích , Thân Phan Đăng , Quyết Nguyễn Tự , Hạnh Hoàng Đức , Đình Trần Văn , Mai Lê Thị Phương
Published: November 2022

Xoắn khuẩn vàng da có hai loài Leptosira interrogans gồm các chủng gây bệnh và Leptospira biflexa gồm các chủng hoại sinh không gây bệnh, sống tự do trong nước. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu cắt ngang tiến cứu này nhằm xác định tỷ lệ và các biến thể huyết thanh xoắn khuẩn vàng da tại tỉnh Thái Bình, Hà Tĩnh và Thành phố Cần Thơ năm 2018 - 2019. Trong tổng số 3815 được tuyển chọn vào nghiên cứu có 253 trường hợp mắc bệnh xoắn khuẩn vàng da được xác định thông qua xét nghiệm ngưng kết vi lượng trên kính hiển vi (MAT). Trong số 253 mẫu huyết thanh của bệnh nhân, đã xác định được các biến thể huyết thanh xoắn khuẩn vàng da ở 222 mẫu huyết thanh. Kết quả cho thấy có 20 biến thể huyết thanh đã được xác định ở 3 tỉnh Hà Tĩnh (18 biến thể), Thái Bình (17 biến thể) và Cần Thơ (12 biến thể). Các biến thể huyết thanh lưu hành phổ biến ở các tỉnh là khác nhau. Tuy nhiên các biến thể lưu hành phổ biến nhất là Louisiana, Panama, Javanica, Patoc, và Bataviae chiếm hơn 60% trong tổng số các biến thể. Về hiệu giá kháng thể, 80% mẫu huyết thanh dương tính với MAT ở hiệu giá ≥ 1:100. Nghiên cứu cho thấy các biến thể huyết thanh xoắn khuẩn vàng da lưu hành tại Việt Nam rất đa dạng.
Sự tái nổi kiểu gen vi rút Rota G1P[8] ở Nam Định năm 2020 - 2021 không có nguồn gốc từ vắc xin
Authors: Thảo Phạm Thị Phương , Ly Lê Thị Khánh , Mai Chử Thị Ngọc , Anh Lại Tuấn , Mai Lê Thị Phương , Quyết Nguyễn Tự , Thiểm Vũ Đình , Hiền Nguyễn Đăng , Hường Nguyễn Thuý , Anh Đặng Đức , Trang Nguyễn Vân
Published: November 2022

Vi rút Rota G1P[8] là một trong các kiểu gen phổ biến trên thế giới. Cho đến 2013 chủng G1P[8] có tỷ lệ lưu hành cao nhất trước khi chủng G3 trở nên phổ biến từ 2015 - 2016. Ba vắc xin phòng vi rút Rota cấp phép tại Việt Nam đều là vắc xin sống, giảm độc lực, chứa thành phần G1 và P[8]. Nghiên cứu này nhằm theo dõi sự lưu hành của kiểu gen G1P[8] từ 2016 - 2021 và đánh giá mối liên quan giữa việc tái xuất hiện của kiểu gen này với việc sử dụng vắc xin Rotavin-M1 ở tỉnh Nam Định. Bằng phương pháp RT-PCR với mồi đặc hiệu, chúng tôi phát hiện kiểu gen G1P[8] với tỷ lệ cao 23,2% từ 6/2020 - 5/2021 sau 4 năm hiếm gặp (tỷ lệ phát hiện 0 - 2,4%). Phân tích độ tương đồng trình tự gen VP4 (876bp) và VP7 (1062bp) và cây phát sinh chủng loại cho thấy các chủng phát hiện được ở thời điểm này thuộc GI-dòng II và P[8] - dòng III, khác với chủng vắc xin Rotavin-M1, Rotarix và Rotateq. Các chủng này khác biệt 2 - 3 axit amin với Rotavin-M1 và Rotateq trong vùng gen VP7; khác 2 - 4 axit amin với Rotavin-M1 và Rotarix trong vùng gen VP4. Kết quả cho thấy chủng G1P[8] đang phổ biến ở Nam Định không có nguồn gốc từ vắc xin. Cần tiếp tục theo dõi sự lưu hành của kiểu gen G1P[8] này trong tương lai.
Chất lượng cuộc sống và một số yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân ung thư phổi đang điều trị tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Hà Tĩnh năm 2022
Authors: Cường Uông Quốc , Sạ Hoàng Cao , Thơ Nguyễn Anh
Published: November 2022

Ung thư phổi là một trong những loại ung thư có tỷ lệ mắc bệnh và tử vong hàng đầu ở Việt Nam. Thiết kế nghiên cứu cắt ngang được thực hiện nhằm mô tả chất lượng cuộc sống (CLCS) và một số yếu tố liên quan ở người bệnh ung thư phổi đang điều trị tại bệnh viện đa khoa Hà Tĩnh năm 2022 sử dụng thang đo QLQ-C30. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 161 bệnh nhân. Kết quả cho thấy điểm trung bình CLCS chung của đối tượng tương đối cao (61,9/100 điểm). Chức năng cảm xúc có điểm trung bình CLCS cao nhất (91,6/100 điểm), thấp nhất là nhóm chức năng xã hội 72,9/100 điểm. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy có mối liênquan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa điểm trung bình CLCS chung với các yếu tố: Tuổi, giới tính, trình độ học vấn, kinh tế gia đình, tập thể dục, thời gian điều trị và đáp ứng điều trị.
Thực trạng chất lượng cuộc sống và một số yếu tố liên quan của người cao tuổi tại Chí Linh, Hải Dương và Kim Bôi, Hòa Bình năm 2020 - 2021
Authors: Anh Nguyễn Đình , Đức Dương Minh , Sứ Bùi Thị , Hà Bùi Thị Thu
Published: November 2022

Nghiên cứu cắt ngang được thực hiện nhằm mô tả chất lượng cuộc sống và một số yếu tố liên quan tới chất lượng cuộc sống của người cao tuổi tại phường Văn An, thành phố Chí Linh, Hải Dương và xã Vĩnh Tiến, huyện Kim Bôi, Hòa Bình từ tháng 7/2020 - 5/2021. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 622 người cao tuổi được lựa chọn ngẫu nhiên tại 2 xã trên thông qua bộ công cụ đo lường chất lượng cuộc sống cho người cao tuổi (WHOQOL-100) (phiên bản tiếng Việt). Kết quả cho thấy trung bình điểm chất lượng cuộc sống chung của người cao tuổi là 226 ± 33,6 điểm, quy đổi theo thang điểm 10 là 6,96 điểm, đạt mức khá. Chỉ có 9,5% người cao tuổi có chất lượng cuộc sống tốt, có đến 5,3% người cao tuổi có chất lượng cuộc sống thấp. Các yếu tố dân tộc, tuổi, trình độ học vấn, tình trạng hôn nhân, người sống cùng, tình trạng sức khỏe, mắc bệnh mạn tính, nghề nghiệp trước đây, nghề nghiệp hiện tại đóng góp vào 30,7% sự thay đổi của điểm trung bình chất lượng cuộc sống của người cao tuổi. Nghiên cứu cho thấy người cao tuổi là người dân tộc, trên 80 tuổi, sống độc thân và mắc bệnh mạn tính cần được quan tâm trong các chương trình can thiệp sức khoẻ.
Thực trạng kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành chăm sóc sức khoẻ sinh sản của sinh viên năm thứ nhất khối ngành sức khoẻ trường Đại học Đại Nam, năm 2022
Authors: Quý Nguyễn Thị Như , Hạnh Hoàng Đức , Ly Nguyễn Thị
Published: November 2022

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, phỏng vấn trực tiếp 336 sinh viên năm thứ nhất, thuộc khối ngành sức khoẻ, trường Đại học Đại Nam, năm học 2021 - 2022 nhằm mô tả thực trạng kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành về chăm sóc sức khoẻ sinh sản của sinh viên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành về chăm sóc sức khỏe sinh sản của sinh viên còn thấp (tỉ lệ có kiến thức đạt chiếm 46,8%; thái độ đạt là 32,3%, thực hành đạt là 42,5%). Có 52,7% sinh viên đồng ý với các quan điểm quan hệ tình dục trước khi cưới là bình thường và 63,7% cho rằng mang thai trước khi cưới có thể chấp nhận được. Tỷ lệ sinh viên có quan hệ tình dục là 16,1%, trong đó có 16,7% không sử dụng biện pháp tránh thai khi quan hệ tình dục. Sinh viên nữ có nhận thức và thực hành về chăm sóc sức khoẻ sinh sản tốt hơn sinh viên nam (p < 0,01). Cần tăng cường hơn nữa công tác truyền thông, giáo dục sức khỏe sinh sản cho sinh viên, đặc biệt chú trọng đẩy mạnh tuyên truyền cho sinh viên nam để giúp các em nâng cao nhận thức và có lối sống đúng đắn về sức khoẻ sinh sản.
ClotChip Portable Blood Clotting Sensor
Authors: Khangura Sara D. , McGill Sarah C.
Published: November 2022

Horizon Scan reports provide brief summaries of information regarding new and emerging health technologies; Health Technology Update reports typically focus on a single device or intervention. This Horizon Scan summarizes the available information regarding an emerging technology, ClotChip, for the identification of blood clotting defects.

ClotChip is intended for use at the point of care and uses novel, low-cost technology to perform a rapid assessment of the blood's clotting ability.

Early evidence has demonstrated the feasibility and utility of ClotChip, which could benefit patients with a variety of bleeding disorders and could potentially save time for health care professionals.
A MARGEM DE CONTRIBUIÇÃO COMO MÉTRICA DE PRECIFICAÇÃO VISANDO LUCRO PARA A EMPRESA
Authors: Pissinati Larissa Gabrielly , Dias Edson
Published: November 2022

O presente estudo apresenta a Margem de Contribuição, métrica para precificação de produtos e serviços, como o método mais eficaz, vantajoso e lucrativo para a empresa. Sendo assim, objetiva-se explicitar de forma teórica que essa metodologia é a mais vantajosa, expondo, ao final, entrevistas realizadas com alguns empreendedores da cidade de Sertanópolis, Paraná, que contribuem para o posicionamento adotado nesse trabalho. Para tanto, faz-se necessário expor o porquê de formar preço para produção e circulação de bens ou serviços ser indispensável e relevante para as empresas. Serão indicadas outras métricas de precificação, como o Mark-up e a precificação baseada na concorrência para que, na sequência, a Margem de Contribuição seja abordada. Ao final, as entrevistas realizadas serão apresentadas objetivamente, de modo que corroborem para a conclusão e que a Margem de Contribuição é um método eficaz e vantajoso para as empresas precificarem seus produtos e serviços. A metodologia utilizada na presente pesquisa foi a descritiva explicativa, a partir da revisão de bibliografias já existentes, além da experimental que colheu o depoimento de alguns empreendedores de Sertanópolis/PR. Ao final, constatou-se que a Margem de Contribuição é a métrica mais benéfica para precificação, pois não utiliza custos fixos na formação de preço, tornando-o competitivo, além de fornecer o faturamento mínimo necessário para compensar os custos fixos e variáveis sem causar prejuízo à empresa, além de ser um indicador que contribui para a tomada de decisão pelos administradores, gestores e sócios de uma empresa, impactando positivamente no sucesso e crescimento saudável dessa.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA SIMULAÇÃO TRIBUTÁRIA PARA DEFINIR O ENQUADRAMENTO ADEQUADO DURANTE A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA EMPRESA
Authors: Melo Andrielly Karoline de , Oliveira Francielle Kathleen Pascoal de , Urquiza Pedro
Published: November 2022

Este estudo aborda o quanto é importante realizar a análise tributária para definir qual o meio de tributação mais adequado durante a constituição da empresa, com o intuito de reduzir elevadas cargas tributarias. A metodologia utilizada foi mediante a levantamento bibliográfico, elaboração de planilhas de cálculos, conjunto de informações de uma empresa com dados fictícios para a demonstração de como cada regime atua, onde o método utilizado foi o qualitativo. Ainda foram realizadas comparações entre os regimes tributários com ênfase em tributos federais (Imposto de Renda Pessoa Jurídica e na Contribuição Social sobre o Lucro), a fim de demonstrar qual forma de tributação seria a mais vantajosa. Tais análises demonstraram que o regime tributário mais benéfico e com cargas tributárias mais reduzidas seria o Lucro Presumido.
ASSET project: assessing sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) efficiency to reduce urban runoff water contamination
Authors: Scheiber Laura , Teixidó Marc , Criollo Rotman , Labad Francesc , Vázquez-Suñé Enric , Izquierdo María , Chesa Marro María José , de Castro Daniel
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Increase of population in the current climate change scenario requires to
ensure the quality of groundwater available as well as to control possible
incomes of pollution into the subsurface system. The objective of this work
was to evaluate the current quality of groundwater and the risk of
infiltration of surface contaminants into the aquifers customizing the
DRASTIC method including potential flood areas and areas with high risk of
surface pollution. Hydrogeological, hydrochemical and isotopic data compiled and measured show
the aquifer behavior and the main attenuation and degradation of
contaminants. The vulnerability to contamination of Barcelona aquifers by
direct surface contaminants is relatively low considering flood areas and
traffic. However, there is a relevant area where this risk is relatively
high. Nevertheless, it is required further analyses considering the drainage
network of the city including as well the geometry of Sustainable Urban
Drainage Systems (SUDS) already installed. The knowledge of the aquifer hydrogeological characteristics and its quality
together with the identification of vulnerable to contamination areas may
lead to improve the installation of SUDS, reducing the input of contaminants
through these infrastructures. The implementation of this methodology aims
to facilitate water users and urban managers to control their potential
negative effects on the receiving water body. In addition, the outcomes of
its application may be used to optimize the groundwater management in the
city.
DeLiAn – a growing collection of depolarization ratio, lidar ratio and Ångström exponent for different aerosol types and mixtures from ground-based lidar observations
Authors: Floutsi Athena Augusta , Baars Holger , Engelmann Ronny , Althausen Dietrich , Ansmann Albert , Bohlmann Stephanie , Heese Birgit , Hofer Julian , Kanitz Thomas , Haarig Moritz , Ohneiser Kevin , Radenz Martin , Seifert Patric , Skupin Annett , Yin Zhenping , Abdullaev Sabur F. , Komppula Mika , Filioglou Maria , Giannakaki Elina , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Janicka Lucja , Bortoli Daniele , Marinou Eleni , Amiridis Vassilis , Gialitaki Anna , Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , Barja Boris , Wandinger Ulla
Published: November 2022

Abstract. This paper presents a collection of lidar-derived aerosol intensive optical properties for several aerosol types, namely the particle linear depolarization ratio, the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) and the Ångström exponent. The data collection, named DeLiAn, is based on globally distributed, long-term, ground-based, multiwavelength, Raman and polarisation lidar measurements, conducted mainly with lidars that have been developed at the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research. The intensive optical properties are presented at two wavelengths, 355 and 532 nm, for 13 aerosol categories. The categories cover the basic aerosol types (i.e., marine, pollution, continental European background, volcanic ash, smoke, mineral dust) as well as the most frequently observed mixtures they form. This extensive collection also incorporates more peculiar aerosol categories, including dried marine aerosol that, compared to marine aerosol, exhibits a significantly enhanced depolarization ratio (up to 15 %). Besides Saharan dust, additional mineral dust types related to their source region were identified due to their lower lidar ratios (Central Asian and Middle Eastern dust). In addition, extreme wildfire events (such as in north America and Australia) emitted smoke into the stratosphere showing significant different optical properties, i.e., high depolarization values (up to 25 %), compared to tropospheric smoke. The data collection reflects and underlines the variety of aerosol mixtures in the atmosphere and can be used for the development of aerosol typing schemes. The paper contains the currently most comprehensive overview of optical properties from aerosol lidar measurements and, therefore, provides a solid basis for future aerosol retrievals in the frame of both spaceborne and ground-based lidars. Furthermore, DeLiAn can assist the efforts for harmonization of satellite records of aerosol properties performed at different wavelengths.
The response of diazotrophs to nutrient amendment in the South China Sea and western North Pacific
Authors: Wen Zuozhu , Browning Thomas J. , Dai Rongbo , Wu Wenwei , Li Weiying , Hu Xiaohua , Lin Wenfang , Wang Lifang , Liu Xin , Cao Zhimian , Hong Haizheng , Shi Dalin
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The availability of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) has been shown
to be a key factor regulating rates of nitrogen fixation in the western
subtropical Pacific. However, the relative importance of Fe and P at finer spatial
scales between the northern South China Sea (NSCS) and the western boundary
of the North Pacific is poorly constrained. Furthermore, nutrient limitation
of specific diazotroph types has not yet been assessed. Here we investigated
these unknowns by (i) carrying out measurements of finer-scale spatial
variabilities in N2 fixation rates and diazotroph nifH gene abundances
throughout these regions and (ii) conducting eight additional Fe and
phosphate addition bioassay experiments where both changes in N2
fixation rates and the nifH gene abundances of specific diazotrophs were
measured. Overall, nitrogen fixation rates and nifH gene abundances were lower
in the NSCS than around the Luzon Strait and the western North Pacific. The
nutrient addition bioassay experiments demonstrated that N2 fixation
rates in the central NSCS were co-limited by Fe and P, whereas at the
western boundary of the North Pacific they were P-limited. Changes in the
abundances of nifH in response to nutrient addition varied in how well they
correlated with changes in N2 fixation rates, and in six out of eight
experiments the largest responses in nifH gene abundances were dominated by
either Trichodesmium or UCYN-B (unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria group B). In general, nutrient addition had a relatively restricted
impact on the composition of the six phylotypes that we surveyed apart from
on UCYN-B. This unicellular cyanobacterium group showed increased
contribution to the total nifH gene abundance following P addition at sites
where N2 fixation rates were P-limited. Our study provides
comprehensive evidence of nutrient controls on N2 fixation biogeography
in the margin of the western North Pacific. Future research that more
accurately constrains nutrient supply rates to this region would be
beneficial for resolving what controls diazotroph community structure.
Regional dynamical and statistical downscaling temperature, humidity and wind speed for the Beijing region under stratospheric aerosol injection geoengineering
Authors: Wang Jun , Moore John C. , Zhao Liyun , Yue Chao , Di Zhenhua
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We use four Earth system models (ESMs) to simulate climate
under the modest greenhouse emissions RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway), the “business-as-usual”
RCP8.5 and the stratospheric aerosol injection G4 geoengineering scenarios.
These drive a 10 km resolution dynamically downscaled model (Weather Research and Forecasting, WRF) and a
statistically bias-corrected (Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project, ISIMIP) and downscaled simulation in a
450×330 km domain containing the Beijing Province, ranging from
2000 m elevation to sea level. The 1980s simulations of surface
temperatures, humidities and wind speeds using statistical bias correction
make for a better estimate of mean climate determined by ERA5 reanalysis
data than does the WRF simulation. However correcting the WRF output with
quantile delta mapping bias correction removes the offsets in mean state and
results in WRF better reproducing observations over 2007–2017 than ISIMIP
bias correction. The WRF simulations consistently show 0.5 ∘C higher
mean annual temperatures than from ISIMIP due both to the better resolved
city centres and also to warmer winter temperatures. In the 2060s WRF
produces consistently larger spatial ranges of surface temperatures,
humidities and wind speeds than ISIMIP downscaling across the Beijing
Province for all three future scenarios. The WRF and ISIMIP methods produce very
similar spatial patterns of temperature with G4 and are always cooler than
RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, by a slightly larger amount with ISIMIP than WRF.
Humidity scenario differences vary greatly between ESMs, and hence ISIMIP
downscaling, while for WRF the results are far more consistent across ESMs
and show only small changes between scenarios. Mean wind speeds show
similarly small changes over the domain, although G4 is significantly
windier under WRF than either RCP scenario.