bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Influence Mechanism of Sales Control on Cross-purchase Intention from the Perspective of Service-sales Ambidexterity in Household Industry
Authors: Han Yun , Chen Zhitao
Published: January 2023

The household industry, as a traditional industry, is also experiencing the impact of economic changes again. Combining the business scenario and internal and external environmental factors, from the perspective of sales control, we mainly analyse the mechanism of action brought about by corporate output control, activity control and capability control on employees' service-sales ambidexterity, explore in depth the effective ways in which sales control affects the formation of consumers' cross-purchase intention, and make up for its shortcomings in relevant theoretical studies. This study uses service and sales staff of three leading household companies as research subjects, explores service-sales ambidexterity using MOA theory and self-determination theory, and introduces resistance to change to moderate the results of the inter-variate effects. An in-depth study is conducted on the mechanism of sales control's influence on consumers' cross-purchase intention, providing a theoretical basis and practical experience for companies and employees to achieve service-sales ambidexterity.
Analysis of Community Group Purchasing in China during the COVID-19 Period
Authors: Wang Chuhan
Published: January 2023

Many new first-tier cities in China, including Wuhan, have started to develop community group purchasing businesses as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. This paper interprets the supply chain structure of community group purchasing business from the perspective of e-commerce platforms. By dividing the whole process into five parts: shared warehouse - central warehouse - front distribution center (FDC) - stores and group buying brokers - consumer, this paper focuses on the role of the first three parts in the fulfillment process, analyzes the commodity flow process of this new business model, and proposes better efficiency solutions accordingly, so as to explore the fulfillment efficiency of community group buying compared to traditional e-commerce, and further offer some suggestions for the future improvement.
Investigation on the Characteristics of Flowing Refrigerant in Household Air-Conditioning Heat Exchanger
Authors: Su Shunyu , Li Nanxing
Published: January 2023

Most refrigerant quantities exist in condenser and evaporator for a household air-conditioner. Slip ratio and void fraction are typical parameters in two-phase region of air-conditioning heat exchanger. When R22 is the working medium, the void fraction of an air-conditioner heat exchanger is calculated with four models in this paper. Based on these calculating results, the characteristics of the four models are analyzed. The influence of refrigerant mass flux on Premoli model and Harms model is also presented. The analysis indicates that it’s reasonable to calculate slip ratio and void fraction of two-phase refrigerant in household air-conditioner heat exchanger with Harms model at temperate refrigerant mass flux. The conclusions of this study could help realize the characteristics of flowing refrigerant in household air-conditioning system.
SWOT Analysis of Companies’ Transferring Their Manufacturing Offshore
Authors: Li Jiayu
Published: January 2023

Recently, thousands of companies have chosen to relocate their business processes from their home country to another country. The relocation process is usually called offshoring. Offshoring has made many controversial debates among economists. Discussing the effects of it has been the focus of a large number of research papers. By using SWOT analysis, this paper investigates the influence of offshoring on both sides of the home country and the developing countries, which are usually the relocated countries. From the analysis, it is found that the effects of offshoring cannot just be defined as good or bad. The impacts are two-sided for both developed countries which are usually the home countries of the relocation business and developing countries, which are usually the destination countries for the manufacturing transfer. Implications were drawn from the results concerning both sides of offshoring, not just home countries or developing countries.
The Current Situation and Differences of the Real Estate Bubble between China and the United States
Authors: Zhou Zhiru
Published: January 2023

With the continuous expansion of real estate bubbles in China and the United States, the two countries' governments have introduced various policies according to their respective national conditions to prevent the bursting of the real estate bubbles. This article describes how the real estate bubbles in China and the United States formed, the status quo, and the differences between the real estate bubbles in China and the United States. Because the economic systems and management methods of China and the United States are very different, studying the differences in real estate bubbles between China and the United States has excellent enlightenment and significance for China.
Research on Carbon Emission Management of Electric Power Enterprises Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Li Yongliang , Xia Xuwei , Qiao Ning , Zhang Pei , Zhang Jisheng
Published: January 2023

As a high energy-consuming industry, it is especially important for electric power companies to manage carbon emissions well. This study analyzes the main problems of electric power companies in carbon asset management, and investigates the methods of intelligent, digital and transparent management of carbon emission situation using intelligent Internet of Things and blockchain technology. Carbon emission management based on blockchain technology can improve the accuracy and openness of carbon asset data and promote electric power companies to move forward to the low-carbon ecological era.
The impact of ESG information disclosure quality on firm value
Authors: Li Jiaying , Li Wenjia , Chen Shu
Published: January 2023

With green development advocated globally, China has firstly proposed a goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peak. Based on sustainable development theory, signal transmission theory, information asymmetry theory and stakeholder theory, this paper had used the data of 638 A-share listed companies in China from 2018 to 2020 to empirically analysed the relationship between ESG information disclosure quality and firm value. The study had concluded that the ESG quality is positively correlated with firm value. Although the impact of environment (E) and society (S) on firm value is greater than that of governance (G), the improvement of ESG split indicators will increase firm value. Finally, this paper had put forward suggestions for the firms and the government respectively.
Study on Incentive Mechanism of Electronic Warehouse Receipt Financing Mode in Online Supply Chain Finance
Authors: Chen Na , Shi Lei , Jin Junjie
Published: January 2023

We take the electronic warehouse receipt business patterns of online supply chain finance as the research object, and based on the perspective of moral risk prevention and adverse selection, with the goal of maximizing the overall benefits of supply chain, we focus on the incentive mechanism between banks and B2B platform and its own logistics enterprises. By constructing the expected profit function, the optimal profit function of the bank and the B2B platform can be deduced, which can directly stimulate the B2B platform and its own logistics enterprises, so as to prevent the moral hazard of the B2B platform. The relevant parameters are assigned and some parameters are simulated and analyzed by MATLAB. Therefore, we get the variation trends of related functions and the influencing factors, and verify the incentive model has certain practical value. Through the establishment of incentive mechanism we find that it is very useful for reducing the risk of principal-agent and credit bank. Risk reduction will greatly improve the enthusiasm of B2B platforms and their own logistics enterprises.
Research on Marketing Strategies of Pinduoduo based on SWOT Analysis
Authors: Fu Zishan , Han Jiatong
Published: January 2023

The development of the Internet has led to a dramatic increase in online shopping users. E-commerce enterprises have been rising and becoming very successful in China in recent years. As an e-commerce platform established in 2015 and going public in 2018, Pinduoduo has become one of the three biggest e-commerce in China in a short period of time. This attracts many people’s attention, which drives people to explore the reason behind it. SWOT analysis is a model that enables us to analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an enterprise. In this study, we use SWOT analysis model to analyze the marketing strategy of Pinduoduo, summarize the current status of Pinduoduo, and give some suggestion for itself and the other e-commerce platforms.
Thinking about the Development of Stall Economy Based on SWOT analysis
Authors: Shi Lu , Du Lihong , Hu Zeting
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the current situation of the development of the stall economy by analyzing data from Yujincheng area of Xi’an. And analyzes the four dimensions of the development of the stall economy in the context of COVID-19 under the SWOT perspective, and proposes feasible suggestions and countermeasures for the sustainable development of the stall economy by applying the four SWOT strategies.
Analysis and Research on the Impact of COVID-19 on China’s Enterprises and Their Investment and Development Plans
Authors: Xin Yunxin
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has already contributed to a significant impact on China’s economy. As an important part of China’s economic development, the enterprises undertake the important function of solving social employment and maintaining the stability of the economic system. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a huge economic recession in China. The purpose of this study is to better understand the impact of the epidemic on enterprises and to provide some references for the continued development of enterprises in China. This paper also prepares for other enterprises to resume operations after the outbreak. This paper uses literature analysis, case analysis and data analysis to explore the specific impact of the epidemic on some enterprises. It can be concluded that market share in different companies has been analyzed. Also, the investment strategies in some well-developed companies can be shared with other same-typed enterprises.
Research on Gambling Agreement in Private Equity Financing
Authors: Yin Yuanke , Tang Zhenning , Zhao Jiaxing , Zhao Xi
Published: January 2023

Due to the high threshold requirements of applying for a large number of loans from banks, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises have chosen private placement to raise funds, and the betting agreements have been signed to protect the interests of both enterprises and investors. This paper analyzes the case that the bet agreement was applied by Mengniu Dairy and Morgan Stanley in private equity financing. It firstly expounds its background and financing process at that time, then explores why Mengniu Dairy can bet successfully. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote success of the gambling agreement in private equity especially for small and medium-sized enterprises.
The situation analysis on market-oriented selection and employment of talents in power grid business
Authors: Xu Yunfei , Zhao Jian , Zhang Hualei
Published: January 2023

Talent is the "first resource" for state-owned enterprises to achieve high-quality development. Only by following the law of market economy can we realize the optimal allocation of talent elements and play the maximum value. The government has repeatedly stressed that it should not only introduce local talents from regions, but also seek all development talents, use good talents without sticking to one pattern, and gather talents from all over the world. The construction of market-oriented selection and employment mechanism is an important measure to implement the reform of state-owned enterprises. It is of great significance to improving the market-oriented operation mechanism of SOEs, stimulating the development vitality and endogenous impetus of SOEs, and promoting the high-quality development of SOEs. From the perspective of internal and external reform and development situation, this paper analyses the new requirements and challenges of the reform of state-owned enterprises and the market-oriented selection and employment of power grid business, and further clarifies the direction and policy requirements of the construction of the market-oriented selection and employment mechanism. The importance and necessity to promote market-oriented selection and employment mechanism are comprehensively and systematically expounded.
The research of smart city construction on the well-being of urban residents-analysis based on CFPS data
Authors: Zheng Yifeng
Published: January 2023

With the rapid progress of China's economy, improving people's happiness has become one of the main goals of China's future social development. As a populous country, China has been lagging behind in the World Happiness Index Report released by the United Nations every year. Therefore, improving people's happiness has become one of the important social issues in China. Since the 16th National Congress, China has been urbanizing rapidly and the urbanization rate is planed to reach 70% by 2050. With the rapid development of urbanization, "urban diseases" caused by uneven development and demographic problems have become obstacles to urbanization development. To solve the problem, the construction of smart cities has become a new plan to ensure the rapid development of urbanization while solving the problem of "urban diseases". Investigating the relationship and mechanism of people' happiness between smart city construction and people's happiness can help clarify the fundamental needs of smart city construction, improve people's happiness, and have certain significance for the future development direction of smart city construction. The research of this paper centers on whether smart city construction can affect the happiness of the residents and investigates through what mechanism it can affect the happiness of the residents. This paper compares the relevant literature on smart city construction and happiness, takes data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), the 2012 China Smart City Development Level Assessment Report, the 2014 China Smart City Development Level Assessment Report, and the 2016 China Smart City Development Level Assessment Report, and uses the econometric method of panel data analysis to empirically test the influence degree of smart city construction on residents' happiness. The experimental results show that (1) smart city construction has a significant impact on people's happiness, and the results are positively correlated. (2) The influence degree of smart city construction on people's happiness varies across different city levels, with no significant impact in first-tier cities and more significant impact in second-tier and third-tier cities. (3) Population heterogeneity can lead to some differences in residents' happiness feeling smart city construction.
Research into the Relative Influences of Spouses Doing Housework, Family decision-making, and Physical and Mental Health on Chinese Family Marital Satisfaction
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Weiwei
Published: January 2023

Marriage is one of the closest and longest relationships in people’s lives. However, not everyone finds happiness in a marital relationship. In recent years, the rapid development of the social economy and the rapid transformation of the social structure have impacted on the traditional marriage relationship in China. The stability of the modern family structure has encountered severe challenges and the divorce rate has increased year by year. This makes research into the factors that influence marital satisfaction an important topic. We used data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2017 to construct a structural equation model to study the influences of spouse doing housework (SDH), family decision-making (FDM) and physical and mental health (PMH) on Chinese family marital satisfaction (MS). Our results show that SDH has a positive effect on MS, FDM has a negative effect on MS, and PMH has a positive effect on MS. SDH and FDM affect MS in combination, as do SDH and PMH. PMH has the greatest impact on MS, followed by SDH, and FDM has the weakest relative impact on MS. This research has important practical significance for society and suggests ways in which a “harmonious family” could be promoted by motivating society to promote and support a good family style, and so to improve MS for married couples.
Resource-based Industries and Regional Economic Growth Under Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Constraints
Authors: Zheng Tingting
Published: January 2023

The article has improved the contrast rate decomposition method, and based on this, it has compiled the 2007 and 2017 non supplementary input-output table of Shanxi Province. After deducting the influence of other provinces, it measures the role of various industries in economic growth. Through comparative analysis with the traditional input-output table, it is found that the role of resource industries in local economic growth has been seriously overestimated.
Study on the effect of manufacturing services in promoting carbon emission reduction in a low carbon economy
Authors: Xie Xiaoyu , Wang Chunjuan , Zhang Bei
Published: January 2023

The concept of low-carbon green development has become a global consensus, and the servitization of manufacturing is a feasible path to achieving green development in manufacturing. This paper takes manufacturing enterprises in 27 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2019 as samples, and empirically analyzes the effects of manufacturing servitization to promote carbon emission reduction in a low-carbon economy, which shows that: manufacturing servitization can reduce carbon emissions, and informatization, urbanization and energy structure optimization promote carbon emission reduction; in the less developed and backward central and western regions of the economy, manufacturing servitization promotes carbon emission reduction The effect is obvious. In the future, China should give full play to the digital economy's new advantages, optimize the manufacturing industry's energy use structure, and take the lead in promoting the servitization of the manufacturing industry in less economically developed regions.
Atemlos nach Corona – Dysfunktionale Atmung bei Long Covid
Authors: Kornblum-Hautkappe Anja , Tröller Nadine
Published: January 2023

Die Folgen einer Covid-19-Infektion für das respiratorische System sind individuell und vielfältig. Viele Patient*innen scheinen außer Atem: Sie atmen durch den Mund, hyperventilieren und sind schnell aus der Puste. Um die klinischen Zeichen einer dysfunktionalen Atmung zu erkennen, ist eine intensive atemphysiotherapeutische Befundaufnahme elementar. Das häufig anzutreffende Phänomen des vorwiegend thorakal betonten Atemmusters kann durch atemphysiotherapeutische Übungen und Techniken gezielt behandelt werden.
The Beauty of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound: Spot Diagnoses
Authors: Drakonaki Elena E , Martinoli Carlo , Vanhoenacker Filip Maria , Detoraki Anna , Dalili Daniel E , Adriaensen Miraude
Published: January 2023

Introduction Ultrasound is a powerful technique in musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging, and it can replace MR imaging in many specific clinical scenarios. This article will feature some common and less common spot diagnoses in musculoskeletal ultrasound.

Spot diagnosis Cases were collected by members of the Educational Committee of the ESSR ( European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology) with expertise in musculoskeletal ultrasound. Sixteen clinical entities are discussed based on the features that allow US spot diagnosis.

Conclusion Clinical history, location, and ultrasound appearance are the keys to spot diagnoses when performing musculoskeletal ultrasound.

Key Points: 

Citation Format
Opto-electromechanically diagnosing airway injuries
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: January 2023

Method tracks particles and electrical properties to establish how an injury to the airway epithelial layer affects its function, potentially offering a new diagnostic tool for clinicians.
Peering into the future of bioelectronic medicine
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: January 2023

Advancements in nanomaterials and biomaterials could enable new biomedical devices.
Study of dielectric breakdown in liquid xenon with XeBrA: The xenon breakdown apparatus
Authors: Watson J. , Olcina I. , Soria J. , McKinsey D. N. , Kravitz S. , Deck E. E. , Bernard E. P. , Tvrznikova L. , Waldron W. L. , Riffard Q. , O’Sullivan K.
Published: January 2023

Maintaining the electric fields necessary for the current generation of noble liquid time projection chambers (TPCs), with drift lengths exceeding 1 m, requires a large negative voltage applied to their cathode. Delivering such high voltage is associated with an elevated risk of electrostatic discharge and electroluminescence, which would be detrimental to the performance of the experiment. The Xenon Breakdown Apparatus (XeBrA) is a 5-l, high voltage test chamber built to investigate the contributing factors to electrical breakdown in noble liquids. In this work, we present the main findings after conducting scans over stressed electrode areas, surface finish, pressure, and high voltage ramp speed in the medium of liquid xenon. Area scaling and surface finish were observed to be the dominant factors affecting breakdown, whereas no significant changes were observed with varying pressure or ramp speed. A general rise in both the anode current and photon rate was observed in the last 30 s, leading up to a breakdown, with a marked increase in the last couple of seconds. In addition, the position of breakdowns was reconstructed with a system of high-speed cameras and a moderate correlation with the Fowler–Nordheim field emission model was found. Tentative evidence for bubble nucleation being the originating mechanism of breakdown in the liquid was also observed. We deem the results presented in this work to be of particular interest for the design of future, large TPCs, and practical recommendations are provided.
A new sample chamber for hybrid detection of scattering and fluorescence, using synchrotron radiation in the soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral range
Authors: Ciesielski Richard , Lohr Leonhard M. , Herrero Analía Fernández , Fischer Andreas , Grothe Alexander , Mentzel Heiko , Scholze Frank , Soltwisch Victor
Published: January 2023

Smaller and more complex nanostructures in the semiconductor industry require a constant upgrade of accompanying metrological methods and equipment. A central task for nanometrology is the precise determination of structural features of gratings in the nanometer range as well as their elemental composition. Scatterometry and x-ray fluorescence in the soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet spectral ranges are ideally suited to this task. We here present a new, compact measurement chamber that can simultaneously detect the elastically scattered signal and the fluorescence, originating from nanoscale grating samples. Its geometry enables detecting scattered intensity over a wide angular range with a variable angle of incidence. We show first experiments on industry-relevant test structures from the commissioning process alongside the specifications of the setup, located at PTB’s soft x-ray radiometry beamline at the synchrotron radiation facility BESSY II in Berlin.
Weak localization effect in Zn1−xCdxO/CdO heterostructures
Authors: Vargas L. M. B. , Bolaños K. , da Silva M. J. , de Castro S. , Peres M. L. , de Godoy M. P. F.
Published: January 2023

We present a systematic investigation of the morphological and magnetotransport properties of Zn1−xCdxO/CdO heterostructures managing the electronic barrier by changing x values between 0.50 and 0.95. From physical parameters such as roughness and crystallite size obtained through scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, we established a correlation between the disorder degree and the amplitude of the negative magnetoresistance as well as the nature of the dominating inelastic scattering mechanisms. The magnetoresistance measurements revealed a negative amplitude for all heterostructures, which clearly shows that the weak localization effect is observed in the low temperature range. Applying the three-dimensional weak localization theory (Kawabata 3D), we extract the phase coherence length, and a relatively large value (maximum reaches 135 nm at 4.2 K) is obtained for the Zn0.05Cd0.95O/CdO heterostructure.
Recent trends in marine microplastic modeling and machine learning tools: Potential for long-term microplastic monitoring
Authors: Phan Samantha , Luscombe Christine K.
Published: January 2023

The increase in the global demand for plastics, and more recently during the pandemic, is a major concern for the future of plastic waste pollution and microplastics. Efficient microplastic monitoring is imperative to understanding the long-term effects and progression of microplastic effects in the environment. Numerical models are valuable in studying microplastic transport as they can be used to examine the effects of different parameters systematically to help elucidate the fate and transport processes of microplastics, thus providing a holistic view of microplastics in the ocean environment. By incorporating physical parameters (such as size, shape, density, and identity of microplastics), numerical models have gained better understanding of the physics of microplastic transport, predicted sinking velocities more accurately, and estimated microplastic pathways in marine environments. However, availability of large amounts of information about microplastic physical and chemical parameters is sparse. Machine learning and computer-vision tools can aid in acquiring environmental information and provide input to develop more accurate models and verify their predictions. More accurate models can further the understanding of microplastic transport, facilitate monitoring efforts, and thus optimize where more data collection can take place to ultimately improve machine learning tools. This review offers a perspective on how image-based machine learning can be exploited to help uncover the physics of microplastic transport behaviors. Additionally, the authors hope the review inspires studies that can bridge the gap between numerical modeling and machine learning for microplastic analysis to exploit their joined potential.
Femtosecond laser-induced sub-wavelength plasma inside dielectrics. III. Terahertz radiation emission
Authors: Ardaneh Kazem , Nishikawa Ken-Ichi , Giust Remo , Morel Benoit , Charpin Pierre-Jean , Couairon Arnaud , Bonnaud Guy , Courvoisier Francois
Published: January 2023

Electromagnetic radiation within the terahertz (THz) frequency range is of great interest for applications in remote sensing and time-domain spectroscopy. The laser-induced plasmas are promising mediums for generating THz radiation. It has been recently reported that focusing femtosecond Bessel pulses inside dielectrics induces a high aspect ratio over-critical plasmas. Here, we show that the intense resonantly driven electrostatic fields at the so-called critical surface lead to THz radiation emission. Through three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation and analytical derivation, we have investigated the emission of THz radiation. We show that the THz radiation is associated with a hot population of electrons trapped in ambipolar electric fields of the double layers.
Anomalous change of electronic properties for uniaxial-strained LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) heterostructure
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Zhang Zhengtao , Wang Yitong , Yuan Le , Tang Wu
Published: January 2023

The first-principles electronic structure calculation was applied to investigate the electronic properties of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) heterostructure system (HSs) under strain. The results show that the distorted structure at the interface determines the occupied orbitals of 2DEG, further resulting in different sensitivities of interfacial charge carrier density, electron effective mass, electron mobility, and electrical conductivity on strain. The interfacial metallic states of tensile-strained and biaxial-compressive-strained LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) HSs mainly occupy Ti 3dxy orbitals, which is the same for unstrained HSs. Then, the electron effective mass slightly decreases with tensile strain, which leads to a higher electrical conductivity. Different from biaxial-compressive-strained LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) HSs with Ti 3dxy occupied orbitals, the Ti 3dyz orbitals are occupied for uniaxial-compressive-strained HSs, thus leading to a remarkably increased electron effective mass and sharply decreased electrical conductivity. These results give us a guidance to effectively modify the interfacial electronic characteristics of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (001) HSs by strain.
Effects of high magnetic field on the reactive sintering process of Mn–Ga magnetic composites
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhang Daoqi , Li Xiaodi , Chen Menglong , Wang Engang
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-20at. %Ga composites prepared via high-energy ball milling and subsequent reactive sintering under a high magnetic field (HMF). XRD identified the ɛ-Mn3Ga, β-Mn0.85Ga0.15, and α-Mn phases, and their fractions determined the magnetic properties of the composites. The results revealed that HMF enhanced the fractions of both ɛ-Mn3Ga and β-Mn0.85Ga0.15 phases and decreased the fraction of α-Mn. The magnetic-field-induced enhancement effect on the reaction was mainly due to a decrease in the activation energy, which mainly affected the phase reaction at the initial stages. However, a HMF of 9–12 T suppressed the atomic diffusion between Mn and Ga, reducing the reaction-enhancing effect of the magnetic field. Compared with zero-field annealing, the 3 T in-field annealing enhanced the remanence and coercivity of the composite by 44% and 16%, respectively. In contrast, the 12 T HMF decreased the remanence but increased the coercivity to its highest value. The coercivity of the 12 T in-field samples reaches 11.09 kOe after 8 h of in-field annealing. After the in-field annealing, subsequent zero-field annealing for an appropriate duration may further increase the remanence and energy product. Enhancing the in-field annealing temperature up to 400 °C may increase the coercivity but decrease the remanence considerably.
Multiscale modeling of solute diffusion in triblock copolymer membranes
Authors: Cooper Anthony J. , Howard Michael P. , Kadulkar Sanket , Zhao David , Delaney Kris T. , Ganesan Venkat , Truskett Thomas M. , Fredrickson Glenn H.
Published: January 2023

We develop a multiscale simulation model for diffusion of solutes through porous triblock copolymer membranes. The approach combines two techniques: self-consistent field theory (SCFT) to predict the structure of the self-assembled, solvated membrane and on-lattice kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations to model diffusion of solutes. Solvation is simulated in SCFT by constraining the glassy membrane matrix while relaxing the brush-like membrane pore coating against the solvent. The kMC simulations capture the resulting solute spatial distribution and concentration-dependent local diffusivity in the polymer-coated pores; we parameterize the latter using particle-based simulations. We apply our approach to simulate solute diffusion through nonequilibrium morphologies of a model triblock copolymer, and we correlate diffusivity with structural descriptors of the morphologies. We also compare the model’s predictions to alternative approaches based on simple lattice random walks and find our multiscale model to be more robust and systematic to parameterize. Our multiscale modeling approach is general and can be readily extended in the future to other chemistries, morphologies, and models for the local solute diffusivity and interactions with the membrane.
Magnonic active ring co-processor
Authors: Balynsky Mykhaylo , Khivintsev Yuri , Kozhevnikov Alexander , Nikulin Yuri , Sakharov Valentin , Filimonov Yuri , Khitun Alexander
Published: January 2023

In this work, we consider the possibility of building a magnonic co-processor for special task data processing. Its principle of operation is based on the natural property of an active ring circuit to self-adjust to the resonant frequency. The co-processor comprises a multi-path active ring circuit where the magnetic part is a mesh of magnonic waveguides. Each waveguide acts as a phase shifter and a frequency filter at the same time. Being connected to the external electric part, the system naturally searches for the path which matches the phase of the electric part. This property can be utilized for solving a variety of mathematical problems including prime factorization, bridges of the Konigsberg problem, traveling salesman, etc. We also present experimental data on the proof-of-the-concept experiment demonstrating the spin wave signal re-routing inside a magnonic matrix depending on the position of the electric phase shifter. The magnetic part is a 3 × 3 matrix of waveguides made of single-crystal yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe2(FeO4)3 films. The results demonstrate a prominent change in the output power at different ports depending on the position of the electric phase shifter. The described magnonic co-processor is robust, deterministic, and operates at room temperature. The ability to exploit the unique physical properties inherent in spin waves and classical wave superposition may be translated into a huge functional throughput that may exceed 1060 operations per meter squared per second for 50×50 magnetic mesh. Physical limits and constraints are also discussed.
Defected poly(vinylidene fluoride) with enhanced piezoelectricity via liquid crystal small molecules doping
Authors: Pang Weitao , Ye Zhiwei , Yi Juan , Zhang Shixian , Chen Junyu , Fu Yuheng , Zhang Yibo , Ding Changwei , Xiong Chuanxi
Published: January 2023

A poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based composite film with higher piezoelectric properties was prepared by the solvent mixing method of adding liquid crystal small molecules to create defects among polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) molecular chains. The composite obtained by simple uniaxial stretching and thermal polarization exhibits higher piezoelectric properties (d33 = 29.0 pC/N) than neat PVDF (d33 = 24.3 pC/N). The defects reduce the grain size of PVDF to some extent, thus reducing the coercivity field of PVDF from 64.6 to 58.1 MV/m. This strategy could endow PVDF with higher piezoelectric coefficient and lower polarization field, which is attractive for piezoelectric applications.
Silver nanostructure-modified graphite electrode for in-operando SERRS investigation of iron porphyrins during high-potential electrocatalysis
Authors: Chattopadhyay Samir , Samanta Soumya , Sarkar Ankita , Bhattacharya Aishik , Patra Suman , Dey Abhishek
Published: January 2023

In-operando spectroscopic observation of the intermediates formed during various electrocatalytic oxidation and reduction reactions is crucial to propose the mechanism of the corresponding reaction. Surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy coupled to rotating disk electrochemistry (SERRS-RDE), developed about a decade ago, proved to be an excellent spectroscopic tool to investigate the mechanism of heterogeneous oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyzed by synthetic iron porphyrin complexes under steady-state conditions in water. The information about the formation of the intermediates accumulated during the course of the reaction at the electrode interface helped to develop better ORR catalysts with second sphere residues in the porphyrin rings. To date, the application of this SERRS-RDE setup is limited to ORR only because the thiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-modified Ag electrode, used as the working electrode in these experiments, suffers from stability issues at more cathodic and anodic potential, where H2O oxidation, CO2 reduction, and H+ reduction reactions occur. The current investigation shows the development of a second-generation SERRS-RDE setup consisting of an Ag nanostructure (AgNS)-modified graphite electrode as the working electrode. These electrodes show higher stability (compared to the conventional thiol SAM-modified Ag electrode) upon exposure to very high cathodic and anodic potential with a good signal-to-noise ratio in the Raman spectra. The behavior of this modified electrode toward ORR is found to be the same as the SAM-modified Ag electrode, and the same ORR intermediates are observed during electrochemical ORR. At higher cathodic potential, the signatures of Fe(0) porphyrin, an important intermediate in H+ and CO2 reduction reactions, was observed at the electrode–water interface.
Experimental investigation of intermediate compressor duct
Authors: Xin Jianchi , Zhao Longhui , Tian Zhitao , Kong Xiaozhi , Lu Huawei
Published: January 2023

The intermediate duct connects high-pressure and low-pressure compressors. It comprises flow channels and struts that fix the relative positions of the hub and shroud. The mechanism of airflow movement around the struts in the downstream intermediate ducts is experimentally investigated based on four cases, including two types of struts and two shapes of meridional flow channels. The measurement parameters of the intermediate duct under the same conditions are measured in the wind tunnel, including the total pressure loss coefficient at the outlet and axial wall pressure distribution. In addition, the flow characteristics near the wall are obtained through the oil flow test, and the frequency of the shedding vortex is captured by the dynamic pressure probes. The results demonstrate that the strut and channel with the modified profile can reduce the total pressure loss and eliminate wake oscillation by changing the flow characteristic. The total pressure losses of the modified profile at 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, and 0.45 Ma conditions are reduced by 60%, 63%, 83%, 89%, 85%, and 87%, respectively.
Healthcare practitioner use of real-time prescription monitoring tools: an online survey
Authors: Hoppe Dimi , Liu Chaojie (George) , Khalil Hanan
Published: January 2023

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate how healthcare practitioners use real-time prescription monitoring tools in clinical practice. Methods An online survey was distributed to Australian prescribers and pharmacists who use a real-time prescription monitoring tool. Data were analysed and descriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics and responses. A Chi-squared test was conducted to test the difference between prescribers and pharmacists. Results The majority of participants agreed that real-time prescription monitoring (RTPM) information is useful (92.2%) and the tool is valuable for informing clinical decisions (90.2%); however, just over half reported that they had changed their prescribing or dispensing practices as a result of RTPM information (51.0%), and they employed evidence-based clinical interventions to varying degrees. No statistically significant differences were detected between pharmacists and prescribers and perceptions on tool use. Conclusions This is the first known study to investigate practitioner use of RTPM tools in Australia, and is a starting point for further research. What constitutes ‘success’ in the clinical application of RTPM tools is yet to be realised.
New South Wales sheep producers’ perceptions regarding lamb mortality and the adoption of pregnancy scanning
Authors: Hobbs Jazmine , Mounter Stuart
Published: January 2023

Context Proven strategies to address lamb mortality include pregnancy scanning and the differential management of single- and twin-bearing ewes. However, current adoption rates of this best-practice management by Australian producers remain low at ~20%. Aims We explored producer perceptions about lamb mortality and the adoption of pregnancy scanning, and analysed whether producer characteristics, demographics, beliefs or management practices have an influence on perceptions towards pregnancy scanning or lamb survival. Methods Data were collected through an on-line self-administered survey of lamb producers in New South Wales, Australia. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarise the data and test for interdependence of variables. Key results The survey results revealed that New South Wales sheep producers have low participation rates in extension programs and low engagement in record-keeping practices. Only 4% of respondents considered current lamb mortality rates acceptable and the majority agreed that lamb mortality poses a threat to Australia’s sheep industry. Findings identified numerous significant relationships between producer characteristics, demographics, beliefs, management practices, non-participation in extension programs, and perceptions towards pregnancy scanning, lamb mortality and sheep welfare. Survey participants were more likely to have adopted pregnancy scanning if they had participated in extension programs. Conclusions Further extension efforts should be focused on producers who have not adopted any record-keeping practices or previously participated in extension programs. Extension should be tailored to different enterprises, owing to the influence of enterprise focus on beliefs, while also considering producer demographics. Implications A strong case exists for continued investment in future marketing, education, and research, development and extension to increase the capacity of Australia’s sheep industry and, in particular, to increase the adoption of pregnancy scanning.
Atmospheric turbulence and wildland fires: a review
Authors: Heilman Warren E.
Published: January 2023

The behaviour of wildland fires and the dispersion of smoke from those fires can be strongly influenced by atmospheric turbulent flow. The science to support that assertion has developed and evolved over the past 100+ years, with contributions from laboratory and field observations, as well as modelling experiments. This paper provides a synthesis of the key laboratory- and field-based observational studies focused on wildland fire and atmospheric turbulence connections that have been conducted from the early 1900s through 2021. Included in the synthesis are reports of anecdotal turbulence observations, direct measurements of ambient and fire-induced turbulent flow in laboratory and wildland environments, and remote sensing measurements of fire-induced turbulent plume dynamics. Although considerable progress has been made in advancing our understanding of the connections between atmospheric turbulence and wildland fire behaviour and smoke dispersion, gaps in that understanding still exist and are discussed to conclude the synthesis.
Bimodal brush-functionalized nanoparticles selective to receptor surface density
Authors: Phan Huu Trong , Lauzon Dominic , Vallée-Bélisle Alexis , Angioletti-Uberti Stefano , Leblond Chain Jeanne , Giasson Suzanne
Published: January 2023

Nanoparticles or drug carriers which can selectively bind to cells expressing receptors above a certain threshold surface density are very promising for targeting cells overexpressing specific receptors under pathological conditions. Simulations and theoretical studies have suggested that such selectivity can be enhanced by functionalizing nanoparticles with a bimodal polymer monolayer (BM) containing shorter ligated chains and longer inert protective chains. However, a systematic study of the effect of these parameters under tightly controlled conditions is still missing. Here, we develop well-defined and highly specific platforms mimicking particle–cell interface using surface chemistry to provide a experimental proof of such selectivity. Using surface plasmon resonance and atomic force microscopy, we report the selective adsorption of BM-functionalized nanoparticles, and especially, a significant enhanced selective behavior by using a BM with longer protective chains. Furthermore, a model is also developed to describe the repulsive contribution of the protective brush to nanoparticle adsorption. This model is combined with super-selectivity theory to support experimental findings and shows that the observed selectivity is due to the steric energy barrier which requires a high number of ligand–receptor bonds to allow nanoparticle adsorption. Finally, the results show how the relative length and molar ratio of two chains can be tuned to target a threshold surface density of receptors and thus lay the foundation for the rational design of BM-functionalized nanoparticles for selective targeting.
High-performance and low-power source-gated transistors enabled by a solution-processed metal oxide homojunction
Authors: Zhuang Xinming , Kim Joon-Seok , Huang Wei , Chen Yao , Wang Gang , Chen Jianhua , Yao Yao , Wang Zhi , Liu Fengjing , Yu Junsheng , Cheng Yuhua , Yang Zaixing , Lauhon Lincoln J. , Marks Tobin J. , Facchetti Antonio
Published: January 2023

Cost-effective fabrication of mechanically flexible low-power electronics is important for emerging applications including wearable electronics, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Here, solution-processed source-gated transistors (SGTs) with an unprecedented intrinsic gain of ~2,000, low saturation voltage of +0.8 ± 0.1 V, and a ~25.6 μW power consumption are realized using an indium oxide In
2
O
3
/In
2
O
3
:polyethylenimine (PEI) blend homojunction with Au contacts on Si/SiO
2
. Kelvin probe force microscopy confirms source-controlled operation of the SGT and reveals that PEI doping leads to more effective depletion of the reverse-biased Schottky contact source region. Furthermore, using a fluoride-doped AlO
x
gate dielectric, rigid (on a Si substrate) and flexible (on a polyimide substrate) SGTs were fabricated. These devices exhibit a low driving voltage of +2 V and power consumption of ~11.5 μW, yielding inverters with an outstanding voltage gain of >5,000. Furthermore, electrooculographic (EOG) signal monitoring can now be demonstrated using an SGT inverter, where a ~1.0 mV EOG signal is amplified to over 300 mV, indicating significant potential for applications in wearable medical sensing and human–computer interfacing.