bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Vermögenswirtschaft der Stadt im Zeitalter des Dualismus
Authors:   Baranya County Archives of the National Archives of Hungary, Nagy Imre Gábor
Published: January 2021

In the annuel budgets of the city of Pécs between 1872 and 1914, revenues from city property were divided into five groups. The first group included revenues from the city’s property – the hundreds of acres of Megyer-puszta, urban pastures, urban factories, and urban buildings. The second group included revenues from the city’s 4,262 cadastral hungarian acres forests. The third group included interest on the city’s cash and securities. The fourth group included excise, duties and fees levied by the city with the permission of the state. The most important of these were incomes from the sale of spirits, wine, beer, the holding of markets and fairs, and the use of roads and railways. The fifth group included the income that arose after the pub law was acquired by the state in 1890: state compensation and various city tax supplements. Overall, revenues from urban property in the years 1870-1880 approached, and sometimes even exceeded, 60% of budget revenues. In the 1890s, their proportion fell below 40%, increased to nearly 50% by the turn of the century, and then gradually decreased to about 30% by 1914. The result of urban wealth management has been future urbanization and infrastructure investiments, with the inevitable indebtedness at a disadvantage.
Der Weinbau der Leibeigenen in den Herrschaften des Pécsvárader Stiftungsdistrikts in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors:   Baranya County Archives of the National Archives of Hungary, Borsy Judit
Published: January 2021

In the first half of the 19th century, there were no more home-grown vineyards in the estates of the Pécsvárad public foundation district. It was in the interest of the lords to encourage the serfs to grow grapes and to plant grapes, as the wine was needed. The vineyards of the serfs can be divided into three major groups on the basis of the payment that are the following: contributory vineyard, non-contributory vineyard, planted on leased land. Farmers in many cases have initiated the utilization of arable land, pastures, meadows and forests by planting vines. The favorable taxation and tax exemption of serf vineyards encouraged farmers to grow and plant vineyards. For serfs, however, the most obvious advantage of the vineyard was the freedom of the estate. The serfs had to seek the consent of the manor for contracts relating to the ownership of the vineyard, but the approval was almost never refused by the manor. The serf vineyard meant such a value that – unless it was necessary – they did not want to get rid of it permanently. The vineyard regulations laid down the rights and obligations of vineyard owners. The serfs were obliged to cultivate the vineyard, maintain it well, and preserve the value of the grapes. Failure to cultivate the vineyard may have led to the confiscation of the vineyard.
Land Policy in Hungary 1944–1967
Authors:   University  of  Pécs,  Faculty  of  Humanities  and  Social  Sciences,  Interdisciplinary  Doctoral  School, Europe and the Hungarians during the 18-20 centuries Program, Luka Dániel
Published: January 2021

The topic of this study is land legislation and its implementation in Hungary between 1944 and 1967. In the paper, the different types of communist land policy methods were analysed, focusing on abolishing private land ownership and private land use. In this context, the fundamental elements and development of land legislation, furthermore basic trends and changes in land structure are assessed. The land law was not codified in the communist dictatorship, but the attempts of such codification are explored in the paper, which occurred during the “new course” (1953/1954–1955), started around the revolution in the autumn of 1956, and a third in 1962 after mass collectivization. As a result of political change and the aftermath of the revolution, private farmers received twice land back in private ownership and private use. The analysis points out that strengthening private land ownership had a better chance in the “new course” than after the revolution in 1956. Land transfer and lease were restricted from 1948 but increased between 1953 and 1955, and again between 1956 and 1959 during the relaxed agrarian policy. The regulations were implemented in a radical fashion between 1948/1949 and 1953 generally, and legislation on land use, land consolidation, and “waiver” multiplied efforts to abolish private farms. Because of this reason, the idea of the gradual transformation of the countryside was abandoned, “kulaks” were discriminated and their estates liquidated. Imre Nagy and others recognized the paradox situation and initiated corrections, which paved the way and did result in a whole new economic policy in July 1953. On the other hand, after 1956, the new regime set a new upper limit of private farms and started another wave of expropriation. The records indicate that the main method of taking private land in state ownership was “waiver” of land and expropriation until 1967. Private land ownership was finally abolished by creating cooperative ownership. The study can be considered a case study to the account of the legal, economic, and social history of the communist dictatorship.
From the Manorial Village to the Regional Center. The Economic Development of Barcs in the Period of Dualism
Authors:   University of Pécs, Faculty of Business and Economics, Doctoral School in Regional Policy and Economics, Szabó Máté
Published: January 2021

At the very beginning of my essay I point out that what kind of natural and economical conditions Barcs have had in the 19th centuries. This is important becouse I had to place Barcs into this medium, which in the beginning of the 19th was a simple manorial village situated in the flood plain of the Drava. The Drava river had a great impact on the improvement of the village. This little manorial village by the end of the century became one of the determinative villages in the region of southern Transdanubia. I show why was the location of the village so importan at that time. As a vehicular interchange and with its warehouse capacity by the beginning of the 19th century it was significant too. There were five railway lines that are met in Barcs in the begining of the 20th century. So it was a significant vehicular intersection at that time. Furthermore after Kaposvár it was the second biggest industrial centre of the county. By this time it was famous about its wood and mill industries across Europe. Moreover it had a regional centre role at different types of food industries. I introduce to what kind of economical processies and infrastructural investments helped the large economical developement of the village. At the end of my essay I want to show the series of events
Presentación tema central. Intervenir y administrar las ciudades mexicanas: intereses, ritmos y procesos urbanos, 1863-1910
Authors: Martínez Delgado Gerardo
Published: January 2021

Los artículos que lo integran se ocupan de ciudades diversas: Veracruz, Guanajuato, Guadalajara, León y Oaxaca. "En conjunto, buscan responder a preguntas tales como: ¿Qué procesos estaban ocurriendo en las ciudades mexicanas a finales del siglo XIX y los primeros años del XX?, ¿con qué ritmos ocurrían y qué actores participaban?, ¿qué clase de intereses y negociaciones se ejercían para el aprovechamiento del espacio urbano?, ¿cuál era el margen de acción que le correspondía al ayuntamiento y cuál a otras instancias de gobierno?, ¿qué negocios y qué tipo de obras de infraestructura se proyectaban y con qué tanto éxito se ejecutaban?, ¿qué tanto estaban cambiando las ciudades?"
José Antonio Serrano y Manuel Chust, ¡A las armas! Milicia cívica, revolución y federalismo en México (1812-1846)
Authors: Preciado de Alba Carlos Armando
Published: January 2021

Reseña a: José Antonio Serrano y Manuel Chust, ¡A las armas! Milicia cívica, revolución y federalismo en México (1812-1846).
Seeking Criminal Justice Clarity amid Historic Chaos
Authors: Berman Douglas A.
Published: January 2021

The remarkable events of 2020 have disrupted and altered all sorts of plans, and this issue of FSR covers some of the many varied criminal justice and sentencing echoes of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and urgent new calls for racial justice. The intense and dynamic topics that have come to define 2020 in the United States necessarily impact, and may even consume our thinking, about modern criminal justice systems generally and federal sentencing realities in particular. Included in this FSR issue are reports and data and commentary that predate spring shutdowns and summer protests and related developments; but these materials now carry distinctive meaning and even a new urgency in light of 2020 challenges. It is impossible to fully assess in short order the impact of massive societal changes on the federal sentencing system, but we are hopeful this FSR issue can provided added perspective to a rapidly changing world that still often seems hard to fully grasp.
The U.S. Sentencing Commission’s Recidivism Studies
Authors: Demleitner Nora V.
Published: January 2021

Recidivism is now the guiding principle of punishment and has become the new hallmark of criminal justice reform, as reflected in the U.S. Sentencing Commission’s recidivism project. So far, the Commission has issued three reports in 2020 alone, which outline the parameters within which “safe” criminal justice reform can proceed. Yet the overly broad definition of “recidivism” and the focus on easily measurable and static risk factors, such as prior criminal record, create a feedback loop.

The Commission’s work should come with a warning label. Its recidivism studies should not be consumed on their own. Instead, they must be read in conjunction with U.S. Probation and Pretrial Services recidivism research, which includes data on the impact of programming, treatment, and services on reentry success. Yet, concerns about undercounting recidivism events drive the entire U.S. approach. Western European studies reflect different philosophies and values that explain some of the underlying reasons for the dramatically different imprisonment rates on the two sides of the Atlantic.

These recidivism studies raise also questions about the Commission’s role. Its ongoing preference for imprisonment indicates that it continues to consider itself the guardian of incarceration-driven guidelines. The studies reenforce the status quo and the Commission’s role in it. They threaten to propel us into data-driven selective incapacitation and continuously long prison terms for those with prior criminal records, all in the name of public safety.
Is De-policing the Cause of the Spike in Urban Violence? Comment on Cassell
Authors: Rosenfeld Richard
Published: January 2021

Paul Cassell maintains that de-policing was a major cause of the spike in violent crime many American cities experienced during the summer of 2020. While plausible, Professor Cassell’s argument is unconvincing because it fails to explain why de-policing did not produce a rise in property crime, and it overstates the impact of policing on crime. Nor does he present evidence of a drop in police presence and activity large enough to produce such a huge increase in violence. Professor Cassell’s criticism of the argument that diminished police legitimacy caused the violence spike is more persuasive. He and I agree that the explanation for the spike lies somewhere in the nexus between the police and the disadvantaged communities they serve more or less effectively.
Taking Steps to Address Racial Disparities in Sentencing
Authors: Mitchell Kelly Lyn
Published: January 2021

Racial disparities exist in many corners of our nation, but none so omnipresent as in the criminal justice system. If we are to truly dismantle racial disparities in the criminal justice system, we need to understand how they are produced at three levels—the state (macro), court community (meso), and individual (micro) levels—and develop strategies accordingly. This article demonstrates how racial disparities in sentencing are produced and could potentially be addressed at all three levels.
The Evolving Role of the United States Sentencing Commission
Authors: Barkow Rachel E.
Published: January 2021

This essay explores how the role of the United States Sentencing Commission has changed over time. It has gone through three different phases in terms of its role (either actual or perceived) in federal sentencing. The first phase covers the Commission at its inception, and the perceived role of the Commission that dominated then was that of a politically insulated, expert agency that would serve, essentially, as an independent policy maker. This vision of the Commission never materialized, but it is important to understand this model in order to appreciate why the Commission was set up the way it was. During the second and dominant phase, which lasted for roughly two decades, from 1986 until 2007, the Commission played a weak supporting role to the political actors who oversaw its work, with Congress largely controlling its output. This period was characterized by political battering by Congress. Given the political climate of the time, that meant increases in sentences, but little else, from the Commission. The third phase began in 2007 and continues today. The Commission is now seen as a respected supplier of data, and its judgments are given more deference. In a sense, this role combines the first two. The Commission is recognized for its expertise, but that expertise is valuable only insofar as the information it generates has political value. The essay concludes with ways the Commission’s design can be improved to give it greater political influence in setting sentencing policy.
Explaining the Recent Homicide Spikes in U.S. Cities
Authors: Cassell Paul G.
Published: January 2021

Recently, major cities across the country have suffered dramatic spikes in homicides. These sudden spikes are remarkably large and widespread. At this rate, 2020 will easily be the deadliest year in America for gun-related homicides since at least 1999, while most other major crime categories are trending stable or slightly downward.

This article attempts to explain why so many cities have seen extraordinary increases in murder during the summer of 2020. A close analysis of the emerging crime patterns suggests that American cities may be witnessing significant declines in some forms of policing, which in turn are producing the homicide spikes. Crime rates are increasing only for a few specific categories—namely homicides and shootings. These crime categories are particularly responsive to reductions in proactive policing. The data also pinpoint the timing of the spikes to late May 2020, which corresponds with the death of George Floyd while in police custody in Minneapolis and subsequent antipolice protests—protests that likely led to declines in law enforcement.

The thesis of this article is that the recent spikes in homicides have been caused by a “Minneapolis Effect,” similar to the earlier “Ferguson Effect.” Specifically, law enforcement agencies have been forced to divert resources from normal policing to patrolling demonstrations. And even as the antipolice protests have abated, police officers have scaled back on proactive or officer-initiated law enforcement, such as street stops and other forms of policing designed to prevent firearm crimes. If this thesis is correct, it is reasonable to estimate that, as a result of de-policing during June and July 2020, approximately 710 additional victims were murdered and more than 2,800 victims were shot. Of course, this estimate relies on various assumptions, and further research on the issues surrounding the homicide spikes should be an urgent priority.

If this article’s thesis about a Minneapolis Effect is correct, an important implication is that policy makers in major cities should proceed cautiously before taking steps to “defund” the police in ways that might reduce the proactive policing that is important in preventing gun violence.
Operar en el límite: “Plus Ultra”, una propuesta curatorial crítica dentro de la Expo’92
Authors: Visglerio Gómez Lola
Published: January 2021

Este artículo analiza el proyecto de arte contemporáneo “Plus Ultra”, desarrollado dentro del Pabellón de Andalucía de la Exposición Universal de Sevilla de 1992. A través de un recorrido por su gestación y desarrollo, analizamos las injerencias y censuras a las que el proyecto se enfrentó, lo cual permitirá conocer las posibilidades, los límites y las contradicciones de una propuesta curatorial crítica desarrollada dentro de un marco celebratorio y multitudinario como el de la Expo’92. Dicho análisis pretende también ponderar la capacidad de intervención que las instituciones políticas locales, regionales y estatales tenían en el contexto para propiciar, condicionar o frenar iniciativas de arte contemporáneo a priori autónomas. La recuperación y análisis de experiencias como “Plus Ultra”, tradicionalmente olvidadas por la historiografía oficial, puede ayudar a evidenciar las derivas que se han seguido en la construcción de la historia del arte contemporáneo en el Estado español.
Fuentes chinas del marfil hispano-filipino: Comercio, migración e intercambios culturales
Authors: Zhou Meng
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo buscar las fuentes chinas del marfil hispano-filipino, piezas hechas por los artesanos chinos en Manila por encargo de los españoles durante el dominio hispánico en Filipinas. La mayoría de estos artistas procedían de Zhangzhou, ciudad que tuvo una emergente industria de marfil y abundantes relaciones comerciales con Manila en aquella época. En este texto abordaremos las actividades comerciales y la emigración de Zhangzhou a Manila, las relaciones entre la eboraria hispano-filipina y el marfil de Zhangzhou, y, sobre todo, las relaciones formales entre la figura la Virgen María y la de Guanyin, cuyas interacciones iconográficas nos ayudan a comprender mejor estos intercambios culturales.
No hay mal que por bien no venga. Del caos a un nuevo tiempo artístico (Sevilla, de 1650 a 1660)
Authors: Quiles Fernando
Published: January 2021

Más allá de las secuelas demográficas y económicas, la peste de 1649 provocó importantes cambios a nivel de mentalidades. En este estudio nos ocupamos principalmente de lo ocurrido en relación con el mundo artístico, con referencia a una evolución en el sistema creativo que se produjo en apenas una década.
Presentación Signo Distintivo Semillero de Investigación Construyendo Futuro Capacitaciones
Authors: Jennifer Vega Barbosa , Laura Lorena Araujo Medina , Vilma Edilia Galvis Chaparro , William Peñaranda Zárate , Joel Darío Vega Cruz
Published: January 2021

Este documento da cuenta de la Presentación Signo Distintivo Semillero de Investigación Construyendo Futuro Capacitaciones
Presentación Signo Distintivo de la Red Paz Maestros Colombia
Authors: Jennifer Vega Barbosa , Laura Lorena Araujo Medina , Hoover Samuel González Pineda , William Peñaranda Zárate , Jhonny Alberto Botero Guzmán
Published: January 2021

Este documento da cuenta de la Presentación Signo Distintivo de la Red Paz Maestros Colombia
Presentación Signo Distintivo de la la Red Juvenil Alternativa para la Paz
Authors: Jennifer Vega Barbosa , Laura Lorena Araujo Medina , Hoover Samuel González Pineda , William Peñaranda Zárate , Jhonny Alberto Botero Guzmán
Published: January 2021

Este documento da cuenta de la Presentación Signo Distintivo de la la Red Juvenil Alternativa para la Paz
Presentación Signo Distintivo de la Red de Foros Ágora
Authors: Jennifer Vega Barbosa , Laura Lorena Araujo Medina
Published: January 2021

Este documento da cuenta de la Presentación Signo Distintivo de la Red de Foros Ágora
Presentación de Signo Distintivo Grupo de investigación ÁBA
Authors: Aura Melissa Hernández Pinzón , Aura Luz Rodríguez , Edgar Oswaldo Pineda Martínez , José Vicente Ospina Sogamoso , Juan Felipe Rivera Pardo
Published: January 2021

El documento da cuenta de la presentación del signo distintivo del grupo de investigación ÁBA adscrito a la unidad de humanidades
Resultados proceso de cocreación y presentación signo distintivo semillero de investigación ERDEI.
Authors: Maria Angélica Reyes Pacheco , Jennifer Vega-Barbosa , Eduardo José Arias García , Mayra Alejandra Torralba Orejuela
Published: January 2021

Este documento presenta los Resultados del proceso de cocreación y presentación del signo distintivo semillero de investigación ERDEI.
Design issues of innovative furniture fasteners for wood-based boards
Authors: Branowski Bogdan , Starczewski Karol , Zabłocki Marek , Sydor Maciej
Published: January 2021

A methodical approach to designing new furniture fasteners for lignocellulosic materials will uncover new sources of innovation. This paper presents an example of such a design procedure and its results. The outcomes are new concepts of mechanical fasteners for wood-based boards used in frameless furniture. At first, the requirements based on the furniture users, furniture manufacturers, and fastener manufacturers viewpoints were identified. These design criteria were analyzed, and as a result, seven ideas of fasteners with innovative features were created. The invented fasteners provided a starting point to generate prototypes. The prototypes were subjected to multi-dimensional methodical developed evaluations. The purpose of this paper is a detailed presentation of the pathway leading to solutions that are potentially beneficial in terms of product performance and of the identified design limitations. Two main conclusions were made. First, all mechanical furniture fasteners always are a combination of two functional subsystems, anchoring and drive. Secondly, there are a limited number of their design solutions. Despite the wide variety of market offerings, only four anchoring methods are used, and only two drive methods are used in all fasteners.
Preparation and characterization of PVA composites with cellulose nanofibers obtained by ultrasonication
Authors: Frone Adriana N. , Panaitescu Denis M. , Donescu Dan , Spataru Catalin I. , Radovici Constantin , Trusca Roxana , Somoghi Raluca
Published: January 2021

Cellulose nanofibers were obtained from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by the action of hydrodynamic forces associated with ultrasound. Nanofibers isolated from MCC by applying different ultrasonication conditions were characterized to elucidate their morpho-structural features by field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. Several differences were observed regarding the size of the nanofibers obtained in different ultrasonic conditions, but no significant changes in the crystalline structure of cellulose nanofibers were detected. The obtained cellulose fibers were used at low levels (1 to 5 wt.%) as reinforcements in a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. The mechanical and thermal properties of the PVA/cellulose fibers nanocomposites films were determined. The tensile strength and modulus of the PVA film were significantly improved by the addition of cellulose nanofibers. Slightly higher onset degradation temperatures were obtained for PVA composites in comparison to neat PVA, showing an increase of the thermal stability caused by the addition of cellulose fibers.
Effect of immersion temperature on the water uptake of polypropylene/ wood flour/ organoclay hybrid nanocomposite
Authors: Kord Behzad , Ismaeilimoghadam Saeed , Malekian Behrouz
Published: January 2021

Polypropylene/wood flour/organoclay hybrid nanocomposites were melt-compounded in an internal mixer at 190 oC and 60 rpm rotor speed. Then samples were fabricated by injection molding. Effects of immersion temperature on the water uptake of hybrid nanocomposite were investigated. To meet this objective, water absorption of samples was determined after 24 h immersion in distilled water at different temperatures (25, 50, 75, and 100 °C). Results indicated that immersion temperature had a significant influence on the water absorption of composites. By increasing the temperature, water absorption increases as well. The maximum water absorption of composite is decreased by increasing the nanoclay and compatibilizer content. The morphology of nanoclay was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of morphology on water absorption was also evaluated. Due to inadequate compatibilizer, exfoliated morphology of nanoclay was not obtained, but there was evidence of intercalation. The order of intercalation for samples containing 3 phc was higher than that of 6 phc at the same PP-g-MA content due to some agglomerations of organoclay.
PROGRAM PENDAMPINGAN PENINGKATAN LITERASI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH PADA MASYARAKAT DESA HONGGOSOCO
Authors: Faidah Faridhatun , Rini Gilang Puspita , Marliana Etni
Published: January 2021

AbstrakIndustri keuangan saat ini berinovasi dengan cepat, berbagai layanan yang diberikan oleh lembaga keuangan memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan yang terkadang belum dipahami oleh masyarakat. Saat ini lembaga keuangan selain menyediakan lembaga keuangan konvensional juga menyediakan lembaga keuangan syariah. Perbedaan dari kedua lembaga keuangan tersebut terletak pada pengelolaan yang berbasis syariah dan konvensional. Salah satu lembaga keuangan syariah yang sedang berkembang pesat adalah perbankan syariah. Pemahaman masyarakat mengenai berbagai akad dalam perbankan syariah perlu diperjelas dengan memberikan contoh yang mudah dipahami bagi masyarakat, baik dari lapisan masyarakat atas atau bahkan menengah kebawah. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan literasi keuangan kepada masyarakat di Desa Honggosoco terhadap produk perbankan syariah yang tersedia di berbagai bank syariah di Indonesia. Setelah melakukan pengabdian ini diharapkan masyarakat Desa Honggosoco dapat lebih memahami berbagai akad dan layanan perbankan syariah.  Abstract The financial industry is currently innovating rapidly, various services provided by financial institutions have advantages and disadvantages that are sometimes not understood by the public. At present financial institutions in addition to providing conventional financial institutions also provide Islamic financial institutions. The difference between the two financial institutions lies in sharia-based and conventional management. One sharia financial institution that is growing rapidly is Islamic banking. Public understanding of various contracts in Islamic banking needs to be clarified by providing examples that are easily understood by the public, both from the upper middle class or even lower. The purpose of this dedication is to provide financial literacy to the people of Honggosoco Village for Islamic banking products available in various Islamic banks in Indonesia. After doing this service, it is hoped that the people of Honggosoco Village will be able to better understand various Islamic banking agreements and services.
PEMBERDAYAAN ORANG TUA SISWA TK ANNUR KABUPATEN CIREBON MELALUI KETERAMPILAN RAJUT TANGAN DAN ACCESS MARKET.
Authors: Santi Dina Pratiwi Dwi , Setiyani Setiyani , Asnawati Sri
Published: January 2021

AbstrakHampir sebagian besar orang tua siswa berada di sekolah untuk menemani anaknya belajar. Aktivitas mereka yang monoton, seperti mengantar dan menunggu anaknya belajar di TK, sungguh sesuatu yang perlu dipikirkan. Apalagi keberadaan mereka yang bergerombol dan tidak teratur, hanya diisi dengan mengobrol, jajan camilan, atau sesekali arisan kecil untuk menutup kebosanan. Kondisi ini, dapat diupayakan agar aktivitas menunggu itu bisa lebih bermanfaat dan bernilai tambah bagi mereka. Oleh karena itu, tim pengabdi merancang suatu pelatihan dan pendampingan dalam membuat beberapa kreasi yang sebelumnya belum pernah dilakukan. Kreasi tersebut berupa kerajinan rajut tangan yang dibentuk menjadi berbagai macam benda seperti gantungan kunci, konektor masker, bunga, dll. Kerajinan merajut dapat dilakukan kapan saja dan dimana saja. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan (1) aktivitas keterampilan rajut tangan, dan (2) pengetahuan access market orang tua siswa TK B Annur. Metode kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan ceramah, tanya jawab, dan simulasi.  Tahapan yang dilalui diantaranya observasi lapangan, sosialisasi, pra pelatihan, pelatihan, evaluasi dan kegiatan pendampingan. Melalui kegiatan PKM diharapkan orang tua siswa dapat mengembangkan potensinya secara optimal dan menguatkan perekonomian keluarga dengan wirausaha. AbstractMost of the students' parents are at school to accompany their children to study. Their monotonous activities, such as escorting and waiting for their children to study in kindergarten, are really something to think about. Especially when they are clustered and disorganized, only filled with chatting, snacking, or the occasional small social gathering to cover boredom. In this condition, efforts can be made so that the waiting activity can be more useful and have added value for them. Therefore, the service team designed a training and mentoring in making several creations that had never been done before. These creations are in the form of hand-knit crafts that are formed into various kinds of objects such as key chains, mask connectors, flowers, etc. Knitting crafts can be done anytime and anywhere. The purpose of this service activity is to improve (1) hand knitting skills activities, and (2) knowledge of access market parents of Kindergarten B Annur students. Methods of service community activities is carried out by lecturing, question and answer, and simulation. The stages taken included field observations, socialization, pre-training, training, evaluation and mentoring activities. Through community service activities, it is hoped that students' parents can develop their potential optimally and strengthen the family economy with entrepreneurship.
PELAYANAN FISIOTERAPI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KAPASITAS FISIK MASYARAKAT
Authors: Putra Yudha Wahyu , Rizqi Amalia Solichati
Published: January 2021

AbstrakKesehatan adalah adalah tuntutan setiap individu. Gaya hidup modern yang dianut sebagaian besar masyarakat Indonesia seperti aktivitas rutin dalam posisi duduk, berdiri, posisi jongkok yang terlalu lama, aktivitas-aktivitas yang berlebihan dengan posisi yang tidak sesuai serta pola pola makan yang tidak sehat memungkinkan suatu gangguan penyakit khusnya penurunan kapasitas fisik.  Fisioterapi adalah bagian dari disiplin ilmu kesehatan yang menangani peningkatan kapasitas fisik untuk menjadi lebih baik atau meningkat.  Tujuan pengabdian meningkatkan kesehatan dalam kehidupan masyarakat  terkait kesehatan kapasitas fisik. Metode yang digunakan berupa pelayanan fisioterapi gratis kepada masyarakat dengan modalitas fisioterapi berupa exercise, Infrared Therapy dan Ultrasound Therapy. Hasil  pelayanan fisioterapi dilakukan terhadap 47 orang di Desa Tanjungan, Kecamatan Wedi, Kabupaten Klaten yang mengalami keluhan penurunan kapasitas fisikAbstractModern lifestyle adopted by most Indonesian people such as routine activities in a sitting position, standing, in a position that is too long, excessive activities in an inappropriate way and unhealthy eating patterns support a disease disorder, especially decreased capacity physical. Physiotherapy is a part of a medical discipline that enhances physical improvement for the better or for improvement. The Purpose of community service is to improve health in people's lives, especially in relation to the health of physical capacity. The method used is in the form of physiotherapy services to the community with physiotherapy modalities in the form of exercise, Infrared Therapy and Ultrasound Therapy.  Physiotherapy services were carried out to 47 people in Tanjungan Village, Wedi District, Klaten Regency who experienced complaints of decreased physical capacity.
PROGRAM STEM UNTUK MELATIH KOLABORASI SISWA GUNA MEMPERSIAPKAN DIRI MENJADI ENGINEERING UNGGUL DI ABAD 21
Authors: Nusyirwan Deny , Prayetno Eko , Nugraha Sapta , Aditya Nugraha Harits , Andika Muhammad
Published: January 2021

AbstrakPembelajaran terbaik terjadi ketika anak-anak secara aktif terlibat dalam suatu proyek. Pembelajaran kolaboratif merupakan pendekatan yang mendorong siswa untuk membuat kelompok dan bekerja sama untuk memecahkan suatu masalah yang diberikan. Sebagian besar dari pengajar percaya pada kekuatan kolaborasi dan sering melibatkan siswa dalam aktivitas kolaboratif.. Dengan latar tersebut di lakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan memberikan pelatihan keterampilan STEM untuk menumbuhkan kemampuan kolaborasi siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudhatul Qur’an Tanjungpinang dalam mempersiapkan diri menghadapi era revolusi industri 4.0. Pelatihan ini dikenal juga dengan Tech for Kids. Kegiatan Tech for Kids di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta (MIS) Raudhatul Qur'an Kids dilaksanakan secara regular mingguan. siswa diberikan pemahaman mengenai permasalahan-permasalahan yang ditemukan di sekitar sekolah melalui metode etnografi. Pra-pengujian sangat membantu untuk mengukur pengetahuan siswa, atau pembelajaran kognitif, dan keterampilan. Dengan melakukan penilaian ini sebelum pelatihan akan membentuk fondasi untuk rencana pelatihan  dan memastikan bahwa pelatihan yang sesuai dan relevan diberikan sehingga meningkatkan efektivitas latihan secara keseluruhan  AbstractThe best learning occurs when children are actively involved in a project. Collaborative learning is an approach that encourages students to create groups and work together to solve a given problem. Most of the teachers believe in the power of collaboration and often involve students in collaborative activities. With this background, community service activities are carried out by providing STEM skills training to foster collaboration skills of students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Raudhatul Qur'an Tanjungpinang in preparing for the era of industrial revolution 4.0 . This training is also known as Tech for Kids. Tech for Kids activities at Raudhatul Qur'an Kids Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MIS) are held regularly weekly. students are given an understanding of the problems found around the school through the ethnographic method. Pre-testing is helpful for measuring student knowledge, or cognitive learning, and skills. Carrying out this assessment before training will form the foundation for the training plan and ensure that appropriate and relevant training is provided thereby increasing the overall effectiveness of the exercise.
Online Media and Establishment of Religious Understanding of the Madrasah Aliyah Students in Gorontalo
Authors: Arafah Sitti , Basman Basman , Nisa’ Khaerun , Abubakar Asnandar
Published: January 2021

This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to describe the religious understanding of Madrasah Aliyah (MA) students in Gorontalo obtained from online media. It was also conducted to determine the school's response in harmonizing religious understanding. This study aims to answer the following questions: (1) How is the religious understanding of Madrasah Aliyah students obtained through online media? and (2) How do the schools respond and harmonize the religious understanding of students who interact with online religious sites? Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documents study, by targeting Madrasah Aliyah students, teachers, religious leaders, academics, and community leaders. The results showed that MA students use online media as sources of learning materials and religious content with the duration of accessing online media reaching 4 to 10 hours per day. It has influenced the understanding, attitudes, and religious practices of MA students. The understanding and practice of "exclusive" religion have become widespread, among students no longer celebrating the Prophet's birthday (mawlid), barzanji, tahlil, prohibiting to wish someone Merry Christmas, forbidding music, forbidding to take self pictures, and considering the traditions of the Gorontalo people which aren't following Islamic values as heretical and forbidden. As a response to dealing with the problems above, the school tries to align students' religious understanding by strengthening religious moderation for teachers and students, building communication with students in social media, and providing mentors for students. This study recommends: (1) the importance of strengthening the understanding of religious moderation to teachers and students, (2) encourage religious institutions such as NU and Muhammadiyah to use online media as a da'wah tool, and use language that easy to understand by the millennial generation.
Masque, Da’wa, and Social Resilience
Authors: Mibtadin Mibtadin
Published: January 2021

A mosque is commonly known as a place for Muslim to do pray. Sampangan mosque has been multifunctional as spiritual and non-spiritual development of the society as so far, particularly in the form of empowerment and strengthening the social defense from radical religious movements. How about society empowerment carried out by the Sampangan mosque in Pasar Kliwon Surakarta improving the social and religious resilience of the community? This research is a qualitative descriptive, data collection is done through observation; deep interview; and documentation on community empowerment and strengthening the social defense of the community from radical religious movement. Data analysis uses an interactive analysis model of data reduction, displaying data, and conclusions. society empowerment through the Sampangan mosque in Surakarta is indirectly to improve the social life of worshipers and society. Empowerment through the Sampangan mosque strengthens the capacity, the aspects of education, economics, health, and moderate religious narratives to strengthen the resilience of the community from radical religious movement by assisting the community.
The Literacy Practice and Religious Proselytizing in Nineteenth-Century Indonesia
Authors: Mustolehudin Mustolehudin , Iswanto Agus , Noviani Nurlaili , Masfiah Umi , Hidayat Roch Aris , Maknun Moch Lukluin , Ruchani Bisri , Ridlo Subkhan
Published: January 2021

There weren’t many scholars who studied the history of Indonesian literacy practices, even though the written sources were available abundantly. The existed studies from many scholars less concerned about the relationship between literacy practice and religious proselytizing (da’wa) in Indonesia. Whereas, both of them are closely related in Indonesia literacy practices, especially in Indonesia’s pre-contemporary era. This study aims to emphasize the relation between literacy practices and Islamic da’wa through KH. Ahmad Rifai works. He was a prolific Muslim scholar in the 19th century who wrote many religious books and countered colonialism. This study reviewed Ahmad Rifai books through a new literacy practice perspective. The argument of this study is the literacy practices had a tight relation with Islamic proselytizing in Indonesian history. The literacy practice for da’wa often considers the locality in culture. Therefore, the form of literacy practice that emerges is a form of literacy that considers local languages and writings, which in this case is the Javanese language and the Pegon script. This paper gives a contribution to the discussion between accommodative da’wa and literacy practices.
Portrait of the Existence of Religious Organization in Serving the Ummah in Central Java Province
Authors: Nuriyanto Lilam Kadarin , Rachmadhani Arnis , Rosidin Rosidin , Fauzah Titi Isnaini , Samidi Samidi
Published: January 2021

As social creatures, humans naturally cannot live without the help of others. Based on those dynamically social interactions, religious organizations --a form of a social group based on equality in both activities and professions-- are formed. At the end of the 19th century, the birth of several Islamic organizations was the answer to the Dutch colonialism situation, including the Mathla'ul Anwar. The existence of Mathla'ul Anwar in Central Java Province is still not well known generally, even though it has been established since 1916. This paper would like to raise an issue qualitatively related to tracing the existence and its service to the community in Central Java. Regional management informed some areas that could be traced for the presence of the organization: Salatiga City, Brebes, Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, and Temanggung Regency. The results obtained in this study are, historically, Mathla'ul Anwar was a reorganization of existing management and new management. The community services are mostly in education, where several established foundations were then joining the organization, becoming the power of movement (da'wa) as much support from professionals. The obstacles that existed in running the organization are the limited funding sources and the lack of sustainability and equal guidance for the administrators.
Moderation of Islamic Messages Based on Cyber Media
Authors: Choirunissa Shafira , Nurdin Ali
Published: January 2021

The spread of radical ideology through cyber media was balanced by moderate journalism constructed by the journalism of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah. This study aims to understand the moderation construction of Islamic messages on the nu.or.id and Muhammadiyah.or.id sites. This research uses a constructivist approach with the kind of discourse analysis research model of Teun A. van Dijk. The results of the study describe that thematically, the two sites construct the Islamic message Wasathiyah. The schematic construction of the two sites is constructed with a news journalism frame. Semantic construction on the nu.or.id site emphasizes the connotative meaning of deviation, site; Muhammadiyah.or.id emphasized the importance of preventing religious deviations. Site syntax construction; nu.or.id emphasizes the connotative meaning, site; Muhammadiyah.or.id emphasized denotative meaning. Site stylistic construction; nu.or.id uses allegory figurative language, website; Muhammadiyah.or.id does not use a standardized language style. The rhetorical construction of the site; nu.or.id uses connotative sentences, site; muhammadiyah.or.id uses the phrase 'foreign' as a characteristic of the development of thought. The moderation construction of media cyber-based Islamic messages on both sites is presented in a tolerant manner, does not corner other religions, is fair, maintains a balance of news, and follows the latest events. The results of this study have contributed to the development of news writing based on peace journalism.
Hoax in Social Media and It’s Threats to Islamic Moderation in Indonesia
Authors: Thaib Erwin Jusuf
Published: January 2021

Hoax is a human problem in this era of information. The presence of hoaxes causes information consumers to find it difficult to distinguish between true or false information, especially those that spread on social media. The main problem in this research is how hoaxes can threaten religious moderation in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze how hoax information on social media threatens the moderation of Islam in Indonesia. This research uses the library research method. The data were obtained from relevant library data sources and analyzed using a qualitative approach. The findings show that many hoaxes are conveyed along with religious and political information. Hoax on the political aspect aims to bring down political opponents or the government. In the religious aspect, hoaxes are used to attack opposing religious beliefs or schools. Hoaxes on these two aspects, especially religion, have the potential to divide people and destroy religious moderation in society. This research is expected to contribute to the study of communication, especially media and information.
Discourse Analysis on the Statement of tMinister of Religious Affairs Concerning "Good-Looking Radicalism” against State Civil Apparatus
Authors: Ulfa Fania Zakiyah , Cahyani Ida Fitria , Arif Rozaqul
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the discourse of the Minister of Religion's statement regarding good-looking radicalism among the State Civil Apparatus. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with van Djik's critical discourse analysis. The data collection uses documentary techniques from Youtube video webinars and a number of journals. The macrostructure shows that there are strategies that can be done to ward off the entry of radical ideology in ASN. The superstructure shows the process of radicalism agents entering through educational institutions and houses of worship with an attractive appearance to deceive the public. The microstructure analysis shows that this statement of good-looking radicalism has generated polemic in society because it is subjective, that is, it cannot be generalized based on one case. The result of this study shows that some people think that the Minister of Religion agrees with the good-looking radicalism movement. The communicator is the Minister, namely as a messenger to ward off radicalism agents by being careful in selecting ASN. The Minister has access to convey messages to the public to be aware of the entry of radical-minded people into mosques, which usually starts from people who are good-looking, speak Arabic well, and have sufficient religious knowledge.
Analysis of Using of Social Media as Communication for Lectures at PTKIN: Case Study of Da’wa Management of IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo and IAIN Pare-Pare
Authors: Perdana Dian Adi , Asmar Afidatul
Published: January 2021

Social media is a tool that cannot be separated from modern human life, regardless of age, location, profession, and status. Every message can be sent quickly and right to other people both short and far distances. The covid-19 outbreak makes everyone do social distancing to minimize the spread of the virus, including teaching and learning activities at schools and campuses. This research discusses social media that has used by students and lecturers in their online learning with various platforms directed by lectures or campus that occurred in students of the Da’wa Management department at IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo and IAIN Pare-Pare. This discussion aims to determine the analysis use the social media during the online learning period which has occurred in the last semester, so it will provide benefits to researchers and intellectuals to explore and learn effective ways of organizing online learning in the future. This study used a descriptive qualitative method that occurred in two different places (IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo and IAIN Pare-pare. The researcher collected data by observation, documentation, and interviews with several structured and non-structured questions. The data that has been collected and analyzed by the researcher to give conclusions from the problems that have been found. The results of this study indicate that the use of social media as communication for online lectures in the Da’wa Management Department of IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo and IAIN Pare-Pare is effective with several notes related to minor numbers on students' understanding of the material, personal enjoyment, influencing attitudes, social relations between students and lecturers. students and personal actions during the Covid-19 pandemic.