bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why AI Art Is Not Art – A Heideggerian Critique
Authors: Kraatz Karl , Xie Shi-ting
Published: March 2024

Nova sposobnost umjetne inteligencije da kreira umjetnička djela smatra se velikim izazovom za suvremeno razumijevanje umjetnosti. Postoji jaka napetost između ljudi koji predviđaju da će AI zamijeniti umjetnike i kritičara koji tvrde da AI-umjetnost nikada neće biti umjetnost. Nadalje, nedavne studije dokumentirale su negativnu pristranost prema AI. Ovaj članak daje filozofsko objašnjenje ove negativne pristranosti temeljeno na našem zajedničkom razumijevanju ontoloških razlika među objektima. Tvrdimo da naša predodžba umjetnosti ovisi o našem razumijevanju konteksta njezina stvaranja: umjetnost koju su stvorili ljudi doživljava se kao međuigra između umjetnika i prirode. U umjetnosti koju je generirala umjetna inteligencija, ova međuigra je ili odsutna ili je minimalizirana. Zaključujemo da istiskivanje »ljudskog faktora« u umjetnosti neće dovesti do evolucije umjetnosti, nego do kraja umjetnosti.
The Image of the Perfect Human
Authors: Denkova Aglaya
Published: March 2024

Cilj je ovoga rada dati pregled nekih od problema što se tiču usavršavanja ljudi putem genetskog inženjeringa, zašto je to opasno i kako je ovaj koncept stvaranja ljudi s besprijekornim genima oduvijek bio dio ljudske povijesti, posebno kada se uzmu u obzir razni eugenički pokreti i politike s početka 20. stoljeća. Središnja je teza teksta da proizvodnju ljudskih bića putem genetskog poboljšanja, iako još nedostižnu, treba pažljivo raspravljati, ali izbjegavati u praksi. Zapravo, ova vrsta ljudskog poboljšanja u svojoj je srži oblik modernizirane eugenike pa je praktičnije napustiti koncept izgradnje savršenog čovjeka.
Impact of the 2021 Fire in the Municipality of Ancient Olympia in Greece on the Mental Health of Residents
Authors: Mentis Manolis Nikolaos , Mavroeidi Eleni , Bousia Konstantina , Mavroyiannis Konstantinos , Tsokos Theodoros , Konstantopoulou Georgia
Published: March 2024

A natural disaster is the probability of a potentially catastrophic event occurring over a period of time in a specific geographical area. The aim of this research was to investigate whether the catastrophic fire of 2021 affected the mental health, in terms of post-traumatic stress and depression, of the social care services beneficiaries in the Municipality of Ancient Olympia in Greece. A questionnaire was used which, apart from demographic questions, contained two main tools: a) the PCL Scale (a tool for assessing post-traumatic stress), b) the Geriatric Depression Scale. The individuals with post-traumatic stress in the sample are in the range of moderate to high PTSD symptomatology. The majority of the participants are in the range of moderate PTSD symptomatology, but there is also a significant percentage who are in the range of high PTSD symptomatology. In terms of geriatric depression, the individuals in the sample are close to the mean. This article was written to serve as reference for the PTSD that can be directly caused by natural disasters.
High-dimensional and permutation invariant anomaly detection
Authors: Mikuni Vinicius , Nachman Benjamin
Published: March 2024

Methods for anomaly detection of new physics processes are often limited to low-dimensional spaces due to the difficulty of learning high-dimensional probability densities. Particularly at the constituent level, incorporating desirable properties such as permutation invariance and variable-length inputs becomes difficult within popular density estimation methods. In this work, we introduce a permutation-invariant density estimator for particle physics data based on diffusion models, specifically designed to handle variable-length inputs. We demonstrate the efficacy of our methodology by utilizing the learned density as a permutation-invariant anomaly detection score, effectively identifying jets with low likelihood under the background-only hypothesis. To validate our density estimation method, we investigate the ratio of learned densities and compare to those obtained by a supervised classification algorithm.
Certifying quantum separability with adaptive polytopes
Authors: Ohst Ties-Albrecht , Yu Xiao-Dong , Gühne Otfried , Nguyen Chau H.
Published: March 2024

The concept of entanglement and separability of quantum states is relevant for several fields in physics. Still, there is a lack of effective operational methods to characterise these features. We propose a method to certify quantum separability of two- and multiparticle quantum systems based on an adaptive polytope approximation. This leads to an algorithm which, for practical purposes, conclusively recognises two-particle separability for small and medium-size dimensions. For multiparticle systems, the approach allows to characterise full separability for up to five qubits or three qutrits; in addition, different classes of entanglement can be distinguished. Finally, our methods allow to identify systematically quantum states with interesting entanglement properties, such as maximally robust states which are separable for all bipartitions, but not fully separable.
Perspectiva de tiempo futuro en adolescentes escolarizados de dos ciudades de Colombia
Authors: Hewitt Ramírez Nohelia , Junca Usma Silvia Juanita , Guevara Franco Diana Carolina , Olaya Martha Carolina , Contreras Arciniegas Yors Fabián , Vélez Botero Helena Johanna , Flórez Alarcón Luis
Published: March 2024

La perspectiva de tiempo futuro (PTF) es un proceso multidimensional de tipo cognitivo motivacional que influye en las decisiones de los adolescentes sobre su futuro. Este estudio pretendió analizar la relación entre la PTF y las variables sociodemográficas edad, grado educativo, género y ciudad de residencia, en una muestra de 982 estudiantes  entre los 12 y 18 años de edad cronológica,  de nivel socioeconómico medio bajo, que cursan el ciclo de educación media, en cinco colegios de dos ciudades de Colombia. A través de un estudio empírico analítico de corte transversal, con un diseño correlacional, se midieron  las dimensiones actitud y orientación temporal y la extensión temporal a través del cuestionario los jóvenes y el futuro.  Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de grado undécimo,  de género femenino,  residentes en la ciudad de Acacias presentaron las medias más altas en la dimensión de actitud y orientación temporal.  Se evidenciaron correlaciones significativas entre  las dimensiones actitud y orientación temporal y extensión temporal con las variables sociodemográficas estudiadas.  Esto confirma que los adolescentes de ambos géneros presentan interés en la planeación del futuro, la que es mayor según el grado educativo y difiere dependiendo del contexto donde viven.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO BAGAÇO DE MALTE PARA PREPARAÇÃO DE BIOPLÁSTICOS: UMA PROPOSTA DE ECONOMIA CIRCULAR AO SETOR CERVEJEIRO
Authors: Arantes Giovanna , da Silva Sandy , Dutra Romulo , Drummond Adriana , Ghesti Grace
Published: March 2024

USE OF BREWERY SPENT GRAINS FOR THE PREPARATION OF BIOPLASTICS: A PROPOSAL FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY TO THE BREWING SECTOR. There is a demand for new technologies to replace fossil resources in activities due to environment concerns. In the circular economy, materials to be discarded are reused and reenter to the economy. An alternative for the plastic problem would be preparation of fiber-reinforced plastics from renewable sources. Herein polymeric films were prepared with starch, glycerol and bagasse derivatives. Some characterization techniques were presented to indicate the best applications. It was identified that higher glycerol ratio films are more malleable and have a higher humidity and solubility. The DSC scans for each film shows no increase in glass transition temperature. Biodiesel films are an alternative for the circular economy of waste and the biodiesel industry, since the study proved to be an alternative for the plastics currently used. This work will certainly attract the students’ interest, because the theme is in their daily lives, also bringing the precepts of sustainability and green chemistry.
Revealing temporal variation of baseflow and its underlying causes in the source region of the Yangtze River (China)
Authors: Wu Guangdong , Zhang Jianyun , Li Yunliang , Liu Yanli , Ren Huazhun , Yang Mingzhi
Published: March 2024

Baseflow plays a crucial role in sustaining the alpine ecosystem during rainless or cold periods. Despite its importance, information on how and why baseflow has changed in the source region of the Yangtze River (SRYR) is sparse. In our study, statistical analysis and the elastic coefficient method were used to identify the dynamic characteristics of baseflow and the underlying causes. The results show that monthly baseflow contributed 62–97% of runoff with a mean value of 75%, and they followed remarkable increasing trends from 1957 to 2020. The contributions of precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration, and ecological conservation programs (ECPs) on baseflow variations were 86, 53, −15, and −24%, respectively. However, their contributions differed across months. During the warm months of May to September, precipitation played a dominant role, followed by evapotranspiration. In contrast, during other colder months, temperature was dominant; meanwhile, the effect of precipitation was almost absent. Moreover, climatic change had a hysteretic effect on baseflow variation, with a maximum lag time of 10 months. Our results highlighted critical roles of both precipitation and temperature, and indicated that climate change, rather than ECPs, dominated the variation in baseflow in the SRYR.
Improved prediction of groundwater depth in urban areas using the EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM model: a case study of Xinxiang City
Authors: Luo Shuqi , Chen Haiyang , Chen Wuyuan
Published: March 2024

The improvement in predicting groundwater depth accuracy has significant implications for the management, ecological environment protection, and economic and social development of regional water resources. Employing empirical wavelet transform (EWT) for nonlinear processing, Savitzky–Golay (S–G) filtering to reduce high-frequency noise, gate recurrent unit (GRU) neural network for linear feature signal processing, and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) for nonlinear signal handling, we established a comprehensive model combining EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM. The results demonstrate that the proposed model exhibits superior accuracy in groundwater depth prediction, with an average relative error of only 2.14% and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.93. This outperforms the other four models, with average relative errors of 12.88%, 11.90%, 7.07%, and 11.10%, and NSE values of 0.58, 0.56, 0.71, and 0.73, respectively. The superiority of the model established in this study is attributed to its effective handling of both nonlinear and linear features of groundwater, thereby enhancing predictive accuracy. The EWT-S–G-GRU and LSSVM model proves to be more reliable in revealing the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of future groundwater, providing a robust reference for the rational development and utilization of groundwater in the urban area of Xinxiang City.
Projeto de um sistema solar fotovoltaico conectado à rede elétrica residencial na zona urbana de Almino Afonso/RN
Authors: C. C. Crisostomo Daniel , de S. A. Filho Renato , A. de Oliveira Marcos , A. F. Moura Adriano
Published: March 2024

Devido ao consumo mundial energético, se fez a busca por meios alternativos para a geração de energia elétrica de forma limpa e sustentável. É diante desse cenário que a energia solar fotovoltaica tem seu destaque no mercado, sendo uma tecnologia com custo baixo para investir na implementação se formos comparar com outras fontes geradoras, além disso proporcionando um retorno de investimento. Esse trabalho apresenta um dimensionamento de um projeto residencial fotovoltaico conectado à rede elétrica, o sistema é composto por 24 painéis fotovoltaicos com potência nominal de 9,60 (kWp). Também é feito uma análise da viabilidade econômica do projeto por meio de uma simulação energia produzida x consumida. Com os resultados foi possível averiguar o comportamento do sistema se realmente é viável economicamente mesmo com seu tempo de retorno de investimento a médio prazo, de aproximadamente 60 meses.
Análise computacional das curvas de ciclo térmico em uma chapa de alumínio soldada com o processo TIG autógena
Authors: Tavares Vieira Hugo Eduardo , Nogueira Fraga Francisco Edson
Published: March 2024

O processo de soldagem é largamente utilizado na indústria, sendo aplicado em diversas áreas, inclusive com o uso dos métodos de simulação computacional por elementos finitos (MEF) como ferramenta que auxilia o profissional de engenharia na otimização de parâmetros de soldagem e na consecutiva tomada de decisões para mitigar defeitos. Todavia, modelos de simulação por MEF necessitam de previamente de serem validados, seja com um procedimento experimental, seja por meio de comparação com resultados de outros trabalhos consolidados, a fim de que possam ser aplicados posteriormente para simular outras condições de soldagem que respeitam aquelas mesmas condições de contorno previamente validadas. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar a simulação computacional, através de MEF, de um processo de soldagem TIG autógeno em uma chapa de alumínio Al 5052 para obter as curvas de ciclo térmico em diferentes pontos do material, e após isso, comparar com os resultados obtidos na literatura, a fim de validar o modelo aqui proposto para obtenção destas curvas de ciclo térmico em outras condições correlatas. A fonte de calor na superfície da chapa foi modelada a partir de uma distribuição gaussiana, na qual foi inserida no software ANSYS 2022 R1 STUDENT-Transient Thermal® em forma de uma rotina. A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível observar o campo de temperaturas na chapa e, com isso, obter as curvas de ciclo térmico em pontos específicos na chapa em função do tempo de soldagem. Comparando esses resultados com uma literatura de referência, observou-se que, para as condições de contorno e demais parâmetros utilizados, conseguiu-se alcançar uma convergência de valores na meta dos pontos medidos. Com isso, foi possível concluir que para os parâmetros de soldagem adotados o e o modelamento matemático, bem como as condições de contorno adotadas, conseguiu-se uma aproximação entre os valores numéricos e experimentais para a maioria das regiões de interesse, entretanto, para os pontos ao fim do cordão de solda e na periferia da chapa, observou-se maior divergência de resultados.
O mercado de trabalho na indústria aeronáutica para o engenheiro mecânico e para o engenheiro eletricista
Authors: Pires Feitoza Afonso
Published: March 2024

A Engenharia Aeronáutica compreende áreas do conhecimento empregadas nas diferentes fases do ciclo de vida de aeronaves; desde a concepção, passando pelo desenvolvimento do produto, apoio à operação, manutenção e destinação final. Disciplinas como mecânica dos sólidos, aerodinâmica, processos de manufatura, sistemas elétrico-eletrônicos, softwares embarcados e vibro-acústica são aplicados de forma integrada a fim de garantir o atendimento de, literalmente, milhares de especificações técnicas.
Análise do ângulo de transmissão de um mecanismo de quatro barras gerador de ondas de superfície
Authors: Dias Bezerra Carlos Andre
Published: March 2024

O mecanismo de quatro barras M4B é uma solução simples para a transmissão de potência devido a sua grande gama de saída de movimento a partir da entrada de um movimento de rotação pura conhecido. Para que um M4B possa ser usado para transmissão de movimento, ele primeiramente precisa ser sintetizado e depois, analisado. A síntese de M4B consiste na determinação dos comprimentos das quatro barras do mecanismo a partir do movimento desejado de saída. Já na análise, se determinam os parâmetros cinemáticos indicadores da qualidade do movimento do mecanismo sintetizado anteriormente. Dentre estes parâmetros está o ângulo de transmissão, que representa uma referência da qualidade de transmissão de movimento. Neste artigo é apresentado um estudo a respeito da qualidade de transmissão de força e movimento, através do ângulo de transmissão, para a geração de ondas de superfície em um tanque didático usando um M4B. A metodologia proposta foi implementada em um código escrito em Octave que permitiu gerar diversos M4B para diversas alturas de onda desejadas.
Bronchiolitis in Infants and Children before the Surge of COVID-19: Predictors
of Outcome and Length of Stay
Authors: Hussein Almontaser , Shams Ahmed , Azmy Haitham , Syed Mohideen Jeilani , Mohamed AlSayed , Elhussein Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Background::

Despite the available clinical practice guidelines, many management decisions in bronchiolitis are made subjectively, resulting in variable length of
stay and unplanned ICU admissions. We hypothesized that certain independent predictors would affect the length of stay (LOS) and care
escalation.

Objectives::

To identify predictors for increased LOS and ICU admissions in acute bronchiolitis.

Methods::

We conducted a retrospective descriptive cohort study involving 589 children admitted to MZH with acute bronchiolitis in 2 years. Predictors
evaluated were age, gender, family history of asthma, prematurity, fever, hypoxemia, comorbidities, RSV, and medications (salbutamol, steroids,
and antibiotics).

Results::

Acute bronchiolitis comprised 8.75% of Pediatric admissions and 2.9% of total hospital admissions. The mean age is 8.28±6.1(2-30 months); 83%
were infants, 39.2% were girls, 15% were preterm, and 25.1% had a family history of asthma. Despite 84.9% having X-rays, significant findings
were present in 21.3%. RSV positive 22.5%. The mean LOS was 3.6±1.6(1-11 days).
Age less than 2 months(P=0.029 OR=1.8, CI1.1 - 3.3), family history of asthma (P=0.03 OR=1.8, CI1.14 - 2.9), hypoxemia on admission (P<0.001
OR=3, CI1.8 - 4.9), presence of comorbidity (P=0.012), and significant radiographic findings (P<0.002, OR=2.7, CI1.6 - 4.6) were predictors of
longer LOS. Prematurity (P<0.001, OR 8.8, CI 2.7-28.4), RSV bronchiolitis (P<0.002, OR=3.02, CI=1.5 – 6.03), and hypoxemia on admission (P<
0.042 OR=4.6, CI1.1 - 14.9) are qualified as independent predictors for escalated care.

Conclusion(s)::

RSV bronchiolitis, especially in preterm infants, may prompt a low threshold for admission and escalate the care. Evidence-based treatments,
respiratory support, and treatment of comorbidities help to achieve optimal LOS.
WSCD2 Expression: Its Relevance to Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells and Glioma Prognosis
Authors: Abudusalam Kaderya , Xu Yan , Keyumu Pazilat , Cheng Tong , Xu Manyu , Lu Bing , Sun Pingping , Musha Kadierjiang , Huang Jianfei
Published: March 2024

Background:

Patients with glioma have limited treatment options and experience
poor prognoses. Therefore, it is urgently needed to explore new diagnostic and therapeutic
targets.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the relevance of WSC domain-containing 2
(WSCD2) expression to glioma, clinicopathological characteristics, tumor-infiltrating
immune cells (TILs), and patient prognosis.

Methods:

We analyzed WSCD2 mRNA expression in glioma tissues and patient survival
using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database. Furthermore, the
relationship between the expressions of WSCD2 mRNA and TILs in gliomas was evaluated
utilizing the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource database. Lastly, we employed
multiplex immunohistochemistry to detect the protein expressions of WSCD2 and TILs
in glioma tissues.

Results:

WSCD2 mRNA expression in glioma tissues was lower than that in tissues of
benign brain disease. High WSCD2 mRNA expression was also significantly associated
with a favorable outcome. Additionally, WSCD2 mRNA expression was correlated with
TIL expression in glioma; however, no such relationship was detected between the protein
expressions of WSCD2 and TILs in glioma tissues. Cox regression multivariate analysis
and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that WSCD2 expression in glioma tissues
could be an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the correlation between WSCD2 expression and TILs
and demonstrates the prognostic significance of WSCD2 in glioma. Furthermore, our results
suggest that WSCD2 may be a potential immunotherapy target in glioma.
A Review on Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Rearrangements and
Mutations: Implications for Gastric Carcinogenesis and Target Therapy
Authors: Mesquita Felipe Pantoja , Lima Luina Benevides , da Silva Emerson Lucena , Souza Pedro Filho Noronha , de Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral , Burbano Rommel Mario Rodrigues , Montenegro Raquel Carvalho
Published: March 2024

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a complex disease with diverse genetic modifications, including
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene changes. The ALK gene is located on chromosome
2p23 and encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a crucial role in embryonic development
and cellular differentiation. ALK alterations can result from gene fusion, mutation, amplification,
or overexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma. Fusion occurs when the ALK gene fuses with
another gene, resulting in a chimeric protein with constitutive kinase activity and promoting oncogenesis.
ALK mutations are less common but can also result in the activation of ALK signaling
pathways. Targeted therapies for ALK variations in gastric adenocarcinoma have been developed,
including ALK inhibitors that have shown promising results in pre-clinical studies. Future studies
are needed to elucidate the ALK role in gastric cancer and to identify predictive biomarkers to improve
patient selection for targeted therapy. Overall, ALK alterations are a relevant biomarker for
gastric adenocarcinoma treatment and targeted therapies for ALK may improve patients' overall
survival.
Estimating Dementia Onset: AT(N) Profiles and Predictive Modeling in
Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients
Authors: Platero Carlos , Tohka Jussi , Strange Bryan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) usually precedes the symptomatic phase
of dementia and constitutes a window of opportunities for preventive therapies.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to predict the time an MCI patient has left to reach dementia
and obtain the most likely natural history in the progression of MCI towards dementia.

Methods:

This study was conducted on 633 MCI patients and 145 subjects with dementia through
4726 visits over 15 years from Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. A combination
of data from AT(N) profiles at baseline and longitudinal predictive modeling was applied.
A data-driven approach was proposed for categorical diagnosis prediction and timeline estimation
of cognitive decline progression, which combined supervised and unsupervised learning techniques.

Results:

A reduced vector of only neuropsychological measures was selected for training the models.
At baseline, this approach had high performance in detecting subjects at high risk of converting
from MCI to dementia in the coming years. Furthermore, a Disease Progression Model (DPM) was
built and also verified using three metrics. As a result of the DPM focused on the studied population,
it was inferred that amyloid pathology (A+) appears about 7 years before dementia, and tau
pathology (T+) and neurodegeneration (N+) occur almost simultaneously, between 3 and 4 years
before dementia. In addition, MCI-A+ subjects were shown to progress more rapidly to dementia
compared to MCI-A- subjects.

Conclusion:

Based on proposed natural histories and cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of
AD markers, the results indicated that only a single cerebrospinal fluid sample is necessary during
the prodromal phase of AD. Prediction from MCI into dementia and its timeline can be achieved
exclusively through neuropsychological measures.
An Overview of Adalimumab Therapy for Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Sukhanova Anna M. , Gilavian Mariam A. , Melnik Elizaveta V. , Shikh Evgenia V. , Petukhov Alexey E. , Gegechkori Vladimir I. , Dementev Sergey P. , Vlasov Alexander M. , Ramenskaya Galina V.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease known
for causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the axial skeleton. Adalimumab, a tumor necrosis
factor (TNF) inhibitor, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for AS.

Methods:

This systematic review involved a comprehensive search of randomized controlled
trials related to AS treatment, conducted in major databases such as MEDLINE, Google Scholar,
and PubMed. The search terms encompassed ankylosing spondylitis, adalimumab, methotrexate,
other non-biologic DMARDs, glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, and analgesics. A total of 14 randomized
controlled trials with 4,500 participants were included in the review.

Results:

The review's results revealed that adalimumab demonstrated notable superiority when
compared to a placebo. It effectively reduced disease activity, improved physical function, and
lowered inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
Adalimumab demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with adverse events comparable to those observed
with placebo.

Conclusion:

Based on the results, adalimumab is deemed an effective treatment for AS, showcasing
its potential as a first-line therapeutic option. Notably, no significant increase in adverse
events was observed compared to placebo. However, the conclusion emphasizes the need for further
studies with extended follow-up durations to ascertain the long-term efficacy and safety of
adalimumab in AS management. This systematic review provides valuable insights supporting the
use of adalimumab in the treatment of AS and underscores the importance of ongoing investigations
into its long-term effects to optimize its clinical utilization in AS patients.
Does Post-/Long-COVID-19 Affect Renal Stiffness without Causing any Chronic
Systemic Disorders?
Authors: Çitil Serdal , Aksu Yusuf
Published: March 2024

Background:

In the last few years, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed human lifestyle, behavior, and perception of life. This disease is caused
by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). In the literature, there are limited studies about the late renal effects of
COVID-19 that reflect the systemic involvement of this disease.

Aim:

In the present study, we aimed to compare sonoelastographic changes in both kidneys between patients who had totally recovered from COVID-19
and healthy individuals using strain wave elastography (SWE).

Methods:

This study was conducted between June 2021 and May 2022 in Kahramanmaraş City Hospital Department of Radiology. File and archive records
were retrospectively evaluated. Basic demographic, laboratory, and renal ultrasonography (USG) and sonoelastographic findings were screened
and noted. Two groups were defined to compare sonoelastographic findings. Post-long COVID-19 group had 92 post-long COVID-19 patients, and
the comparator group had 9 healthy individuals”. Both groups’ demographic, laboratory, and ultrasound-elastographic findings were assessed.

Results:

The post-long COVID-19 group had a higher renal elastographic value than the comparator group (1.52 [0.77–2.3] vs. 0.96 [0.54–1.54], p<0.001).
There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age (p=0.063), gender (p=0.654), or body mass index (BMI)
(p=0.725), however, there was a significant difference observed between the two groups in the renal strain ratio (RSR). According to an ROC
analysis, an RSR cutoff of >1.66 predicted post-long COVID-19 with 44.9% sensitivity and 81.9% specificity. (AUC=0.655, p<0.001). A separate
ROC analysis was performed to predict post-long COVID-19 with a BMI cutoff of <33.52, kg/m2 sensitivity of 92.4% and specificity of 17%
(AUC=0.655, p<0.001).

Conclusion:

We demonstrated that renal parenchymal stiffness increases with SWE in post-long COVID-19 patients.
Multimodal Imaging for the Diagnosis of Massive Left Atrial Metastasis from
Lung Cancer - A Case Report
Authors: Sun Li , Jiao Ronghong , Xing Yuanyuan , Ye Yuquan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Secondary cardiac tumors are a rare disease that is hard to detect when the tumor is small and asymptomatic. This case report focuses on a massive
pulmonary metastasis filling almost the entire left atrium. Multimodal enhancement imaging, cardiac contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS),
enhanced electron computed tomography, and positron emission tomography imaging were applied to detect the malignant origin of this case. The
aim of this project was to provide an important basis for clinical treatment and decision-making with multimodal imaging.

Case Presentation:

The patient was hospitalized with suspected to be a lumbar spine fracture. According to the multimodal imaging, pathologically confirmed to suffer
a cardiac metastasis from small cell lung cancer. EP-regimen (Etoposide 0.1gd 1-5+Nedaplatin 30mgd 1-4) was selected for the systemic
chemotherapy of the patient. During three years of follow-up, the left intra-atrial occupancy was significantly reduced.

Conclusion:

Multimodality imaging can cover up the deficiencies of single imaging examinations and further clarify and enrich the understanding of the
relationship between the location and the surrounding structure of the mass, thus providing a good reference for clinical treatment and decisionmaking.
Medical Image Fusion Based on Local Saliency Energy and Multi-scale Fractal
Dimension
Authors: Zhou Yaoyong , Zhu Xiaoliang , Zhou Panyun , Xu Zhenwei , Liu Tianliang , Li Wangjie , Ge Renxian
Published: March 2024

Background:

At present, there are some problems in multimodal medical image fusion, such as texture detail loss, leading to edge contour blurring and image
energy loss, leading to contrast reduction.

Objective:

To solve these problems and obtain higher-quality fusion images, this study proposes an image fusion method based on local saliency energy and
multi-scale fractal dimension.

Methods:

First, by using a non-subsampled contourlet transform, the medical image was divided into 4 layers of high-pass subbands and 1 layer of low-pass
subband. Second, in order to fuse the high-pass subbands of layers 2 to 4, the fusion rules based on a multi-scale morphological gradient and an
activity measure were used as external stimuli in pulse coupled neural network. Third, a fusion rule based on the improved multi-scale fractal
dimension and new local saliency energy was proposed, respectively, for the low-pass subband and the 1st closest to the low-pass subband. Layerhigh
pass sub-bands were fused. Lastly, the fused image was created by performing the inverse non-subsampled contourlet transform on the fused
sub-bands.

Results:

On three multimodal medical image datasets, the proposed method was compared with 7 other fusion methods using 5 common objective
evaluation metrics.

Conclusion:

Experiments showed that this method can protect the contrast and edge of fusion image well and has strong competitiveness in both subjective and
objective evaluation.
Clinical Application of MRI in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Bibliometric
Analysis
Authors: Hu Jinqun , Xiong Jian , Jiang Jing , Wei Ying , Ling Fayang , Luo Shichun , Chen Jiao , Su Chengguo , Wang Xiao , Qi Wenchuan , Liang Fanrong
Published: March 2024

Background:

Currently, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to remain in the pandemic stage, leading to severe challenges in the global public
healthcare system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods have played an important role in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and the structural
evaluation of the affected organs. Reviewing and summarizing the application of MRI has significant clinical implications for COVID-19.
Objective: The study aimed to analyze literature related to the application of MRI in COVID-19 using bibliometric tools, to explore the research
status, hotspots, and developmental trends in this field, and to provide a reference for the application of MRI in the clinical diagnosis and
evaluation of COVID-19.

Methods:

We used the Web of Science Core Collection database to search and collect relevant literature on the use of MRI in COVID-19. The authors,
institutes, countries, journals, and keyword modules of the bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analyze and plot
the network map.

Results:

A total of 1506 relevant articles were shortlisted through the search; the earliest study was published in 2019, showing an overall upward trend
every year. The research was mainly presented as published articles. Clinical neurology was found to be the primary discipline. The United States
had the highest publication volume and influence in this field. Countries around the world cooperated more closely. The Cureus Journal of Medical
Science was the main periodical to publish articles. Institutes, such as Harvard Medical School, Mayo Clinic, and Massachusetts General Hospital,
have published a large number of papers. Some of the high-frequency keywords were “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “magnetic resonance”,
“myocarditis”, and “cardiac magnetic resonance imaging”. The keyword clustering study showed that the current research mainly focuses on five
“hot” directions.

Conclusion:

There is a need to strengthen cross-teamwork and multidisciplinary collaboration in the future to completely explore the positive role of MRI in
COVID-19 and to discover breakthroughs for the challenges in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.
Latest Developments in Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Evaluating the
Molecular Microenvironment of Gliomas
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Zhang Hongbo , Lin Fan , Huang Biao
Published: March 2024

The 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System has brought a transformative shift in the
categorization of adult gliomas. Departing from traditional histological subtypes, the new classification system is guided by molecular genotypes,
particularly the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation. This alteration reflects a pivotal change in understanding tumor behavior, emphasizing
the importance of molecular profiles over morphological characteristics. Gliomas are now categorized into IDH-mutant and IDH wildtype, with
significant prognostic implications. For IDH-mutant gliomas, the concurrent presence of Alpha-Thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked
(ATRX) gene expression and co-deletion of 1p19q genes further refine classification. In the absence of 1p19q co-deletion, further categorization
depends on the phenotypic expression of CDKN2A/B. Notably, IDH wildtype gliomas exhibit a poorer prognosis, particularly when associated
with TERT promoter mutations, EGFR amplification, and +7/-10 co-deletion. Although not part of the new guidelines, the methylation status of
the MGMT gene is crucial for guiding alkylating agent treatment. The integration of structural and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
techniques may play a vital role in evaluating these genetic phenotypes, offering insights into tumor microenvironment changes. This multimodal
approach may enhance diagnostic precision, aid in treatment planning, and facilitate effective prognosis evaluation of glioma patients.
Influence of the Presence of Sulfur and Oxygen Atoms on Molecular,
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties in Hydrocarbon Mixtures
Authors: Perez-Sanchez Josue Francisco , del Carmen Galindo-Lopez Ruth , Suarez Dominguez Edgardo Jonathan , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Jpsé Rafael , Perez-Badell Yoana , Izquierdo Kulich Elena Francisco
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Crude oil is a complex blend of various hydrocarbon families, with compositions
that vary depending on the source well and exploitation duration. To categorize its constituents,
SARA analysis divides them into saturated, aromatic, resins, and asphaltenes. Heavy asphaltene-
rich crude oils can present challenges like viscosity and pipeline blockages, which are often
addressed with viscosity-reducing additives. However, a theoretical framework explaining how these
additives affect crude oil is lacking, relying primarily on empirical observations. To optimize these
additives, it is crucial to understand the underlying chemical and physical processes. This study hypothesizes
that asphaltenic crude oils influence viscosity through colloidal properties linked to molecular
interactions.

Methods:

The research aimed to analyze the impact of sulfur in asphaltenes and oxygen in flow improvers
on the transport properties of an idealized crude oil, with the goal of predicting additive feasibility.
A methodology that combined computational quantum chemistry and statistical thermodynamics
was used. An idealized model of crude oil was created, consisting of non-polar alkanes and
polar asphaltenes with sulfur atoms. A flow improver was simulated with an aromatic-aliphatic structure
containing oxygen and hydroxyl groups, and viscosity was calculated.

Results:

This study assessed the transport properties of the mixture using principles of statistical
thermodynamics. The theoretical insights revealed that reducing viscosity in asphaltene-rich crude
oils with additives depends on several critical factors, including the formation of the dispersed phase,
the reduced viscosity of the additive, and the effects of dilution. The research identified a strong link
between the enhanced effectiveness of these additives and their structural and molecular properties.

Conclusion:

The theoretical results suggest that additives that act as viscosity reducers in asphalt
crudes achieve optimal performance when they possess both higher polarity and reduced viscosity.
Perils and Problems in Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibodies
Authors: Khushboo Bisht , Kumar Joshi Rajat
Published: March 2024

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are promising immunotherapies for cancer treatment designed
to engage both tumour and immune cells. However, their use is associated with potential
toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and on-target, off-tumour
toxicity. CRS, characterized by cytokine release, is the most common, potentially life-threatening
toxicity. Neurotoxicity presents as neurological symptoms and on-target, off-tumour toxicity damages
healthy cells. Incidence and severity vary based on BsAb type, dose, patient factors, and tumor
characteristics. For this study, articles pertaining to BsAb toxicity were searched on PubMed.
Moreover, the management involves early recognition, dose modification, supportive care, and, in
severe cases, immunosuppressive therapy or treatment discontinuation. Clinicians must carefully
assess risks and benefits, considering individual patient profiles. Close monitoring and multidisciplinary
collaboration are crucial for effective BsAb therapy. All in all, while toxicity is a concern,
with vigilant management, BsAbs remain a valuable cancer treatment option.
Inhibition of MiR-155 Using Exosomal Delivery of Antagomir Can
Up-Regulate PTEN in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Razaviyan Javad , Sirati-Sabet Majid , Tafti Ali , Hadavi Razie , Karima Saeed , Rajabibazl Masoumeh , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira
Published: March 2024

Background:

The most aggressive form of breast cancer (BC) is Triple-Negative BC
(TNBC), with the poorest prognosis, accounting for nearly 15% of all cases. Since there is no
effective treatment, novel strategies, especially targeted therapies, are essential to treat TNBC.
Exosomes are nano-sized microvesicles derived from cells and transport various intracellular
cargoes, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs, small non-coding RNA, are an influential
factor in the development of cancerous transformations in cells.

Methods:

Bioinformatics analysis of genes related to TNBC revealed that PTEN plays a crucial
role in the disease. Relative expression of this gene was analyzed with RT-qPCR in 14 TNBC
clinical samples. Electroporation was used to load miRNA antagomir into exosomes extracted
from the conditioned medium. Then, the expression of miR-155 and PTEN was evaluated in
MDA-MB-231 cells treated with antagomir-loaded exosomes.

Results:

Based on the bioinformatics analysis, miR-155 is a potent inhibitor of PTEN. Following
treatment with antagomir-loaded exosomes, RT-qPCR showed significantly reduced miR-
155 and increased PTEN levels in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of this study, exosomes can be effectively used as a cargo of
oligonucleotides like miRNA mimics and antagomirs in targeted therapies.
A Comprehensive Review on the Traditional Uses, Phytochemical
Compositions and Pharmacological Properties of an Ethnomedicinal
Herb, Paederia foetida
Authors: Barai Samir , Roy Subhrajyoti , Bhattacharyya Shubham , Hore Mayukh
Published: March 2024

Background::

Paederia foetida L. (Family – Rubiaceae) is a common herb found
available in the temperate and tropical Asia. The ethnomedicinal applications of this plant are
widely elaborated In Chinese Traditional Medicine, Ayurveda, and other ancient scriptures
throughout the world. Different ethnic groups use this plant in the treatment of alimentary and
digestive disorders, bone related diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, bone fractures as well as in
the ailments of diabetes, coughs, asthma, itches, wounds, body ache, toothache, cancer etc.

Objectives::

This comprehensive review aims to provide an insightful understanding of traditional
uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological properties of P. foetida (from 1976 up to
2023), which may provide a foundation for further study and for the proper utilization of P. foetida
resources.

Methods::

Literature survey was conducted using known databases and the relevant keywords.

Results::

P. foetida has been widely used in Chinese traditional medicine (CTM) for the treatment
of dyspepsia, jaundice, pains, diarrhea and others. Several ethnic groups throughout the
world used this plant to cure common health complaints namely, abdominal pain, gastritis, dysentery,
diarrhoea, constipation, joint pain, etc. A total of 24 bioactive phytocompounds, such as
asperuloside, paederosidic acid, sitosterols, stigmasterol, campesterol, ellagic acid, iridoids, ursolic
acid, epifriedelinol, and others are reported to possess antiulcer, antidiarrheal, antihyperglycemic,
antioxidant, antitussive, anthelmintic, and hepatoprotective activities.

Conclusion::

The present review not only summarizes the alternative approaches using this herb
by ethnic people for treating various disorders, but also focuses on the latest scientific investigations
to elucidate different bioactivities of this plant, thereby facilitating the understanding of its
correlation with contemporary pharmacology. However, till date, very few studies elucidated the
biological properties of these phytochemicals that were isolated exclusively from this particular
plant. Moreover, the correlation between phytocompounds from P. foetida and its pharmacological
activities aiming towards clinical drug development is still lacking. Finally, further research
should be oriented towards determining the optimal dosage and toxicological limits, and thereby
providing guidance for clinical applications.
Andrographolide-A Magical Bioactive Compound: An Overview
Authors: Shukla Ajay Kumar , Yadav Vimal Kumar , Maurya Rahul Kumar , Mishra Rahul , Srivastava Shefali , Mishra Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2024

Andrographis paniculata (ANP) is a medicinal plant containing several bioactive
compounds, such as diterpenoids, flavonoids, and polyphenols. Andrographolide is one of the
key natural compounds which are found in the Andrographis paniculata plant. It has been used
as an Immunomodulators, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective,
cardioprotective, and managing COVID-19, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections etc, due to
the key bioactive compound Andrographolide; therefore, this molecule called a magic bioactive
molecule. Many people have cured and increased their immunity by regularly taking this herb in
the form of tea. All of these potential properties of this bioactive molecule make it very unique.
Therefore, there needs to be more research work for the development of novel properties and
future prospects.
Efficacy of Marham-e-Dakhilyun Ointment and Alum Perineal Wash for
Perineal Wound Healing and Pain Intensity in Postpartum Women: A
Self-control Clinical Trial
Authors: Sultana Arshiya , Rahman Khaleequr , Begum Wajeeha , Begum Arfa , Banu Taseen , Heyat Md Belal Bin
Published: March 2024

Background and Objective::

Episiotomy, worldwide, is the most frequently performed
obstetric surgical procedure. Delayed wound healing potentially amplifies the risk of wound infection,
structural muscular alterations, and ultimately contributes to the loss of muscle tone. In
addition, rapid and complete repair of the episiotomy or perineal tear is very important as the
pain and discomfort of episiotomy wounds may affect the quality of life of postnatal mothers.
Therefore, we aimed to determine the efficacy of Marham-e-Dakhilyun ointment and alum
perineal wash on perineal wound healing and pain intensity in postnatal mothers.

Materials and Methods::

A single-arm self-controlled study was conducted on postnatal mothers
aged 18 to 40 years, who underwent full-term normal cephalic singleton vaginal delivery with
episiotomy and/or 1st, 2nd, or 3rd-degree perineal tears. The recommended external care regimen
for a period of 10 days involved perineal wash with a solution of alum powder (2
gm/500ml), followed by the application of Marham-e Dakhilyun ointment twice daily to the perineal
wound. For the primary evaluation of wound healing, the REEDA (redness, edema, ecchymosis,
discharge, and approximation) scale has been utilized, while the secondary assessment
involved the use of the VAS (visual analog scale) pain intensity scale. The therapeutic outcome
was determined based on the grading of REEDA scores on days 10-14 and VAS scores.

Results::

We observed our trial medicine showed complete wound healing in 86.4% on days 10-
14. The mean pain reduction percentage (PR %) was 96.85% on days 10-14 from baseline. The
REEDA score was 2.41±0.81 and 0.23±0.61 at one hour and day 10-14, respectively, with significant
differences (p < 0.001). The VAS score was 2.86±1.08 and 0.09±0.29 at one hour and
day 10-14, respectively, with significant differences (p < 0.001). Therefore, the trial ointment
and alum have demonstrated beneficial effects in promoting perineal wound healing and alleviating
pain in postnatal mothers.

Conclusion::

The potential efficacy of Marham-e-Dakhilyun can be attributed to its composition
of various phytoconstituents, such as oleuropein, phenolic acids, flavonols, flavones, linoleic
acid isovitexin, vitexin vanillic acid, salicylic acid, beta-D-glucopyranoside, olanigroside Y1,
solasonine, gallic acid, aucubin, scopoletin, and lantamajoside. These constituents have been
proven in research studies to possess anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antimicrobial, analgesic,
and antioxidant properties. The investigators have optimized the use of these Unani medicines
to provide clinical evidence supporting their effectiveness in the wound-healing process
and in reducing pain intensity.