bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aquatic Insects and Benthic Diatoms: A History of Biotic Relationships in Freshwater Ecosystems
Authors: Fenoglio Stefano , Tierno de Figueroa José Manuel , Doretto Alberto , Falasco Elisa , Bona Francesca
Published: October 2020

The most important environmental characteristic in streams is flow. Due to the force of water current, most ecological processes and taxonomic richness in streams mainly occur in the riverbed. Benthic algae (mainly diatoms) and benthic macroinvertebrates (mainly aquatic insects) are among the most important groups in running water biodiversity, but relatively few studies have investigated their complex relationships. Here, we review the multifaceted interactions between these two important groups of lotic organisms. As the consumption of benthic algae, especially diatoms, was one of the earliest and most common trophic habits among aquatic insects, they then had to adapt to the particular habitat occupied by the algae. The environmental needs of diatoms have morphologically and behaviorally shaped their scrapers, leading to impressive evolutionary convergences between even very distant groups. Other less evident interactions are represented by the importance of insects, both in preimaginal and adult stages, in diatom dispersion. In addition, the top-down control of diatoms by their grazers contributes to their spatial organization and functional composition within the periphyton. Indeed, relationships between aquatic insects and diatoms are an important topic of study, scarcely investigated, the onset of which, hundreds of millions of years ago, has profoundly influenced the evolution of stream biological communities.
Effect of Natural Organic Matter on the Ozonation Mechanism of Trimethoprim in Water
Authors: Zhang Ning , Zhou Beihai , Yuan Rongfang , Wang Fei , Chen Huilun
Published: October 2020

Trimethoprim (TMP) is often used for the treatment of various bacterial infections. It can be detected in water, and it is difficult to be biodegraded. In this study, the degradation mechanism of TMP through ozonation and the effect of humic acids (HA) were investigated. Excessive ozone (pH 6, 0 °C) could reduce the content of TMP to less than 1% in 30 s. However, when ozone (O3) was not excessive (pH 6, 20 °C), the removal efficiency of TMP increased with the increase of O3 concentration. Four possible degradation pathways of TMP in the process of ozonation were speculated: hydroxylation, demethylation, carbonylation, and cleavage. The presence of HA in water inhibit the generation of ozonation products of TMP. The excitation-emission matrices (EEM) analysis showed that with the extension of ozonation time, the fluorescence value in the solution decreased and the fluorescence peak blue shifted. These results indicated that the structure of HA changed in the reaction and was competitively degraded with TMP. According to the free radical quenching test, the products of pyrolysis, direct hydroxylation and demethylation were mainly produced by indirect oxidation.
Comparisons of Performance Using Data Assimilation and Data Fusion Approaches in Acquiring Precipitable Water Vapor: A Case Study of a Western United States of America Area
Authors: Xiong Zhaohui , Sang Jizhang , Sun Xiaogong , Zhang Bao , Li Junyu
Published: October 2020

There are two main types of methods available to obtain precipitable water vapor (PWV) with high accuracy. One is to assimilate observations into a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, for example, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, to improve the accuracy of meteorological parameters, and then obtain the PWV with improved accuracy. The other is the direct fusion of multi-source PWV products. Regarding the two approaches, we conduct a comparison experiment on the West Coast of the United States of America with the data from May 2018, in which the WRF data assimilation (DA) system is used to assimilate the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) PWV, while the method by Zhang et al. to fuse the GNSS PWV, ERA5 PWV and MODIS (moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) PWV. As a result, four groups of PWV products are generated: the assimilated GNSS PWV, the unassimilated GNSS PWV, PWV from the fusion of the GNSS PWV and ECWMF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) ERA5 (ECWMF Reanalysis 5) PWV, and PWV from the fusion of the GNSS PWV, ERA5 PWV and MODIS PWV. Experiments show that the data assimilation based on the WRF model (WRFDA) and adopted fusion method can generate PWV products with similar accuracy (1.47 mm vs. 1.52 mm). Assimilating the GNSS PWV into the WRF model slightly improves the accuracy of the inverted PWV by 0.18 mm. The fusion of the MODIS PWV, GNSS PWV and ERA5 PWV results in a higher accuracy than the fusion of GNSS PWV and ERA5 PWV by a margin of 0.35 mm. In addition, the inland canyon topography appears to have an influence on the inversion accuracy of both the methods.
Inexpensive Organic Materials and Their Applications towards Heavy Metal Attenuation in Waters from Southern Peru
Authors: Garcia-Chevesich Pablo , García Vilma , Martínez Gisella , Zea Julia , Ticona Juana , Alejo Francisco , Vanneste Johan , Acker Sarah , Vanzin Gary , Malone Aaron , Smith Nicole M. , Bellona Christopher , Sharp Jonathan O.
Published: October 2020

There is interest in using locally available, low cost organic materials to attenuate heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn found in surface waters in Peru and other developing regions. Here we mesh Spanish language publications, archived theses, and prior globally available literature to provide a tabulated synthesis of organic materials that hold promise for this application in the developing world. In total, nearly 200 materials were grouped into source categories such as algae and seashells, bacteria and fungi, terrestrial plant-derived materials, and other agricultural and processing materials. This curation was complemented by an assessment of removal potential that can serve as a resource for future studies. We also identified a subset of Peruvian materials that hold particular promise for further investigation, including seashell-based mixed media, fungal blends, lignocellulose-based substrates including sawdust, corn and rice husks, and food residuals including peels from potatoes and avocadoes. Many studies reported percent removal and/or lacked consistent protocols for solid to liquid ratios and defined aqueous concentrations, which limits direct application. However, they hold value as an initial screening methodology informed by local knowledge and insights that could enable adoption for agriculture and other non-potable water reuse applications. While underlying removal mechanisms were presumed to rely on sorptive processes, this should be confirmed in promising materials with subsequent experimentation to quantify active sites and capacities by generating sorption isotherms with a focus on environmental conditions and specific contaminated water properties (pH, temperature, ionic strength, etc.). These organics also hold promise for the pairing of sorption to indirect microbial respiratory processes such as biogenic sulfide complexation. Conversely, there is a need to quantify unwanted contaminant release that could include soluble organic matter and nutrients. In addition to local availability and treatment efficacy, social, technical, economic, and environmental applicability of those materials for large-scale application must be considered to further refine material selection.
Moving towards Effective First Nations’ Source Water Protection: Barriers, Opportunities, and a Framework
Authors: Marshall Rachael , Desjardine Michele , Levison Jana , Anderson Kim , McBean Edward
Published: October 2020

It is well known that watershed-based source water protection programs are integral to the provision of clean drinking water. However, the involvement of Indigenous communities in these programs is very limited in Canada, which has contributed to the vulnerability of Indigenous source waters to contamination. Through a partnership with an Anishinaabe community, this research aimed to identify challenges and opportunities for communities and practitioners to improve the protection of Indigenous source waters in the province of Ontario. The methodology followed the Indigenous research principles of relationship, respect, relevance, reciprocity, and responsibility. Interviews and a youth focus group were conducted with Indigenous community members and practitioners from industry, academia, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and government. Analysis was conducted using an iterative process to develop codes and themes in the qualitative data analysis software NVivo. Results indicated that issues with scale, jurisdiction, the concept of source water protection, representation, funding, and capacity impact efforts to protect Indigenous source waters. Hopeful recent developments and upcoming opportunities were identified, and a water protection framework for First Nation communities in Ontario was developed in partnership with an Anishinaabe water protection committee. Recommendations are provided to multiple sectors for moving forward respectfully, and effectively, towards the protection of Indigenous waters.
Application of the Anammox Process for Treatment of Liquid Phase Digestate
Authors: Majtacz Joanna , Grubba Dominika , Czerwionka Krzysztof
Published: October 2020

The liquid phase of the digestate (LPD) contains a relatively high concentration of nitrogen, with total ammonium nitrogen being the dominant form of nitrogen, as well as other essential nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium. Consequently, it must be treated before it is released into the environment. However, there are no reports of co-purification of LPD in the anammox process in sequencing batch reactor with granular sludge, which is a novelty for the presented research. The main objective of this paper is to assess the possibility of nitrogen removal in the anammox process with LPD from biogas plants conducting the co-fermentation process along with the participation of agricultural products (cattle slurry). This publication presents the research results of the efficiency of the anammox process, accounting for the effect of dissolved organic matter. The conducted experiments revealed the potential of LPD purification, which co-ferments waste activated sludge and bovine slurry for the anammox process. In the reactor ammonium utilization rate (AUR) process with LPD addition increased from 2.3 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 0.5% LPD addition to 8.5 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 7.5% LPD addition. SAA in the reactor with LPD addition increased from 5.3 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 0.5% LPD addition to 18.5 mg N/(g VSS∙h) with 4 and 5% LPD addition. With the addition of 7.5% LPD, SAA dropped to a value of 18.1 mg N/(g VSS∙h) in the LPD reactor.
Are the Fouta Djallon Highlands Still the Water Tower of West Africa?
Authors: Descroix Luc , Faty Bakary , Manga Sylvie Paméla , Diedhiou Ange Bouramanding , A. Lambert Laurent , Soumaré Safietou , Andrieu Julien , Ogilvie Andrew , Fall Ababacar , Mahé Gil , Sombily Diallo Fatoumata Binta , Diallo Amirou , Diallo Kadiatou , Albergel Jean , Alkali Tanimoun Bachir , Amadou Ilia , Bader Jean-Claude , Barry Aliou , Bodian Ansoumana , Boulvert Yves , Braquet Nadine , Couture Jean-Louis , Dacosta Honoré , Dejacquelot Gwenaelle , Diakité Mahamadou , Diallo Kourahoye , Gallese Eugenia , Ferry Luc , Konaté Lamine , Nka Nnomo Bernadette , Olivry Jean-Claude , Orange Didier , Sakho Yaya , Sambou Saly , Vandervaere Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2020

A large share of surface water resources in Sahelian countries originates from Guinea’s Fouta Djallon highlands, earning the area the name of “the water tower of West Africa”. This paper aims to investigate the recent dynamics of the Fouta Djallon’s hydrological functioning. The evolution of the runoff and depletion coefficients are analyzed as well as their correlations with the rainfall and vegetation cover. The latter is described at three different space scales and with different methods. Twenty-five years after the end of the 1968–1993 major drought, annual discharges continue to slowly increase, nearly reaching a long-term average, as natural reservoirs which emptied to sustain streamflows during the drought have been replenishing since the 1990s, explaining the slow increase in discharges. However, another important trend has been detected since the beginning of the drought, i.e., the increase in the depletion coefficient of most of the Fouta Djallon upper basins, as a consequence of the reduction in the soil water-holding capacity. After confirming the pertinence and significance of this increase and subsequent decrease in the depletion coefficient, this paper identifies the factors possibly linked with the basins’ storage capacity trends. The densely populated areas of the summit plateau are also shown to be the ones where vegetation cover is not threatened and where ecological intensification of rural activities is ancient.
Effect of new-generation mineral fertilizers on productivity of grapes and quality of wine in the Crimea
Authors:   All-Russian National Scientific-Research Institute of Vineyards and Wine Makarach “RAS”, Didenko P.A.
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of the experimental study of the effect of new-generation mineral fertilizer “Nutri-Fight” and water conditioner “Spartan” (used as a tank mixture) on productivity of grapes and quality of wine produced from the red wine grape variety ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’. Experiments were carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of the mountain-valley zone of the Crimean Peninsula. The studied preparations were added to mineral fertilizer and used at such grape berry development stages as “before blooming”, “after blooming”, “pea-sized berry”, “beginning of fruit maturation”. In the course of the research we found that 2.25 l/ha of “Nutri-Fight” and 0.2 l/ha of water conditioner “Spartan” were the optimal rates and had positive effect on the grape yield and wine quality
Weed infestation in the crop rotations depending on the cultivation technology in the Crimea
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Zhenchenko K.G. , Turin E.N. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Gongalo A.A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Ivanov V.Yu. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Karaeva N.V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Reent V.V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: October 2020

The stationary experiment on the comparative study of the direct sowing and traditional cultivation technology was laid in 2015–2016 at the trial field of the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. Two five-course crop rotations were taken as a base; all fields were included in the crop rotation. During the years of research, we observed mixed weed infestation. No matter what cultivation technology was applied, actual weed flora at the fields with winter crops was represented by overwintering and winter weeds; at the fields with spring crops – annual spring weeds. There were no rootstock grasses and rhizomatous perennial weeds or there were few of them at all fields in the experimental crop rotations both by traditional cultivation technology and direct sowing. Timely and high-quality weed control put the direct sowing on equal footing with the traditional one. It is advisable to change herbicides, their doses, as well as use tank mixes, after moving to a direct sowing system.
A robust torque control approach for gear shift of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle with dual clutch transmission
Authors: Kim Sooyoung , Choi Seibum
Published: October 2020

This article proposes a robust control strategy for gear shifts of a parallel-type hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) equipped with a dry dual clutch transmission (DCT). A vehicle equipped with DCT requires accurate torque transfer control through the driveline during gear shifts to ensure
good shift quality in the absence of smoothing effects from torque converter. Unlike conventional vehicles driven only by internal combustion engines, a HEV can utilize the drive motor to improve its gear shifting performances. In this article, an integrated torque and speed control strategy
is developed to minimize the driveline oscillations that occur during gear shifts and to complete the shift as fast as the driver wants. A robust H-infinity controller is designed to control transmission output torque as well as clutch slip speed, particularly in inertia phase that mostly
determines the total shift quality. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy as well as its robustness is verified by comparative studies using a proven vehicle model developed in MATLAB/SimDriveline.
Food and Beverage Advertising Influences Children’s Food Choices: An Assessment of Advertising on Bangladeshi TV Channel
Authors: Chowdhury Sutapa , Dey Simu , Hossain Iftekhar
Published: October 2020

Food advertising to children is a frequent burning question that is at the center of the debate. And the purpose of this paper is to critically investigate the assertions and the indication. Several issues are examined: the children’s understanding of advertising, the content of advertising to children, children’s food choice and behavior, and the effect of advertising on food choice. Recognized conclusions are the following: that children understand the function of advertising from the age of 5–9 years, although there are some limitations on how effectively they apply this knowledge; that children play an active role in food choice in families; that children’s dietary preferences and habits are well-established before advertising is understood; and that advertising’s role in children’s food choices and preferences is multi-factorial and complex. The sample of 100 respondents was selected through random sampling all over the country. The study found that food promotion by TV advertising affects children’s food preferences, knowledge, and behavior.
Nanocomposites: - A Recent Overview
Authors: C Pavan , BLR Madhavi
Published: October 2020

Nanocomposites are substances that incorporate nanoparticles (0.5-5% by weight) into a matrix of standard material, which enhances the mechanical strength, toughness including thermal or electrical conductivity and other properties. Nanocomposites are versatile in terms of their applications such as anti-corrosive, healing of bones, sensors, environmental protection, packaging, wastewater treatment, and diagnosis of tumors and other diverse uses. They may be fabricated by blending nanofillers with a polymer to produce a composite. The current trend of processing is by polymerizing monomers. Nanocomposites serve as sustainable solutions to curb global issues. Evaluation is performed on properties such as mechanical, thermal, dispersion, and toxicological. Some marketed products of nanocomposites include In Mat (coating), FiltekZ350 XT by 3M (tooth fillers), chitosan/organic rectorite nanocomposite films (bactericidal activity), graphene oxide/Carboxymethylcellulose (targeted drug delivery of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin), MD1 Flex, Nano Clean MD1, Plactive TM (Antimicrobial nanocomposites) and NovaProTM(Tooth fillers). This article discusses about Nanocomposites–their types, preparation methods, recent research and applications.
Improvement of Forecasting Method of Recession Characteristics of River Flow Rate into a Dam by using Estimation of Steady State
Authors: Kawai Tomonari , Ichiyanagi Katsuhiro , Koyasu Takuo , Yukita Kazuto , Goto Yasuyuki
Published: October 2020

This paper describes an application of neural networks for forecasting the flow rate upper district of dams for hydropower plants. The forecasting of recession characteristics of the river flow after rainfalls is important with respect to system operation and dam management. We present a method for improving the precision of forecasting flow rate upper district of dams by utilizing steady-state estimation and recession time constant of the river flow. A case study was carried out on the upper district of the Yahagi River in Central Japan. It is found from our investigations that the forecasting accuracy is improved to 18.6% from 25.8% with a forecasted error of the total amount of river flow by using steady-state estimation.
Detection and Parameter Extraction of Low Probability of Intercept Frequency Hopping Signals using the Spectrogram and the Reassigned Spectrogram
Authors: Stevens Daniel L.
Published: October 2020

Low probability of intercept radar signals, which are often problematic to detect and characterize, have as their goal ‘to see and not be seen’. Digital intercept receivers are currently moving away from Fourier-based analysis and towards classical time-frequency analysis techniques for the purpose of analyzing these low probability of intercept radar signals. Although these classical time-frequency analysis techniques are an improvement over existing Fourier-based techniques, they still suffer from a lack of readability –which can be caused by poor time-frequency localization (such as the spectrogram), which may in turn lead to inaccurate detection and parameter extraction. In this study, the reassignment method, because of its ability to improve time-frequency localization, is proposed as an improved signal analysis technique to address the poor time-frequency localization deficiency of the spectrogram. This paper presents the novel approach of characterizing low probability of intercept frequency hopping radar signals through utilization and direct comparison of the spectrogram versus the reassigned spectrogram.
El título posesorio en el Derecho Civil Peruano
Authors: Lama More Héctor Enrique
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo se ocupa de la posesión en el marco del derecho civil peruano y centra su atención en la posesión y el rol del título en el ejercicio de este derecho real.

Se enfoca el derecho real de posesión desde el punto de vista del acto jurídico y el efecto de este como causa del derecho posesorio, así como el derecho que le reconoce la ley al poseedor de un bien.

Título putativo y justo título, interversión del título de la posesión, la posesión mediata e inmediata, posesión legítima e ilegítima, la posesión precaria, son temas que se tratan en el presente artículo.
La colaboracion eficaz como estrategia política procesal contra el crimen en el Perú
Authors: Quiroz Salazar Willian F.
Published: October 2020

La colaboración eficaz en nuestro país consiste en aportar información válida de un evento delictivo donde el informante haya intervenido como autor, coautor, partícipe del ilícito.

El artículo 472.o del Código Procesal Penal del año 2004 exige que el informante haya declarado voluntariamente sus actividades delictivas, buscando cumplir una doble función; por un lado, la de exigir como requisito que el futuro informante abandone sus actividades ilícitas; y, por otro, la de rol de prevención general. Finalmente, la colaboración eficaz debe ser vista como una estrategia procesal para enfrentar a la impunidad delictiva y para el descubrimiento de las organizaciones criminales.
¿El derecho de defensa: una garantía que realmente se respeta?
Authors: Torres Morales de Ferreyros Sylvia Amelia
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo busca llamar la atención sobre la problemática que se presenta cuando se pretende ejercer uno de los derechos fundamentales que está claramente reconocido en nuestra Constitución: el derecho de defensa. Hoy en día no podemos negar que, a pesar de contar con conceptos claros sobre este derecho: «Todos tenemos derecho a una defensa» y «Todos son considerados inocentes hasta que no se pruebe su culpabilidad» (presunción de inocencia), estamos muy lejos de garantizar de manera legítima que todo ello se cumpla.

El trabajo explorará la regulación de este derecho y los problemas que encontramos que lo contaminan y que se yerguen como constantes obstáculos para que este pueda ser adecuadamente ejercido.
La iniciativa probatoria del juez civil
Authors: Picó I Junoy Joan
Published: October 2020

En la polémica sobre si el juez civil debe o no tener iniciativa probatoria, esto es, disponer pruebas de oficios, debe dejarse de lado posturas radicales, esto es, la iniciativa probatoria ilimitada o contrariamente la omisión absoluta a disponer pruebas de oficio. De lo que se trata es de buscar un punto de equilibrio en donde la atribución del juez de disponer pruebas de oficio sea limitada ,asegurando su imparcialidad y protegiendo el derecho de defensa de las partes, buscando al mismo tiempo el respeto de las garantías procesales, pero también la eficacia del proceso.
Role of holter monitoring in the new russian guidelines for arrhythmias and conduction disturbances
Authors: Shubik Yu. V. , Medvedev M. M. , Baturova M. A. , Rivin A. E.
Published: October 2020

The indications for Holter monitoring, which are included in the new Russian guidelines on cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances, are considered. Possibilities of the diagnostic approaches of arrhythmias, management algorithms and treatment efficacy and safety monitoring are discussed.
ANALISIS SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH PADA PDAM TIRTA MUSI PALEMBANG (Studi Kasus Pengaliran Booster Tegal Binangun)
Authors: Nurudin Riza April , Hamdan Yunan , Ilmiaty Reini Silvia
Published: October 2020

Banyaknya keluhan pelanggan tentang waktu pengaliran yang relatif singkat, tekanan air yang kecil, serta banyaknya permintaan pemasangan baru untuk air bersih di wilayah Kecamatan Jakabaring dan Kecamatan Plaju maka pada tahun 2019 PDAM Tirta Musi membangun booster pump baru pada wilayah Tegal Binangun yang mempunyai kapasitas penampungan 3000 m3. Dengan adanya permasalahan itulah perlu untuk menganalisis kembali perhitungan kebutuhan air bersih dan tekanan air di wilayah pengaliran Booster Tegal Binangun pada tahun existing dan 5 tahun ke depan serta mensimulasi tekanan air pada jaringan pipa distribusi air bersih dengan menggunakan program WaterCAD. Dari hasil analisis didapat kebutuhan air bersih tahun 2020 (existing) adalah 87,63 lt/det. Proyeksi pertumbuhan pelanggan dalam jangka 5 tahun ke depan (tahun 2025) adalah 11641 sambungan langganan dengan jumlah kebutuhan air bersih sebesar 123,94 lt/det. Hasil simulasi tekanan jaringan pipa dengan menggunakan program WaterCAD didapat nilai tekanan sebesar 0,858 atm pada titik junction J-1375 blok 7 (Jalan Karang Anyar) sampai 2,962 atm pada titik junction J-1965 blok 5 (di Booster Tegal Binangun).

 

Kata Kunci: Kebutuhan air,Tekanan Air, Program watercad
LA INDUSTRIA DE LOS MEDICAMENTOS, EL NEGOCIO QUE LUCRA CON LA ENFERMEDAD
Authors: Ramírez Campos Marco Antonio
Published: October 2020

El uso de medicamentos surge a partir de la necesidad de la población por el tratamiento de enfermedades que antes eran imposibles de curar y que en primera instancia surge por medio de la extracción de sustancias de diversas plantas utilizadas en la medicina tradicional. Posteriormente la obtención artificial de componentes bioquímicos utilizados para la cura de enfermedades, causó un gran impacto en la medicina, iniciando así, la fabricación y uso masivo de medicamentos con el continuo desarrollo de la industria farmacéutica. Este hecho le ha permitido una enorme responsabilidad sobre la protección, mejoramiento y curación de enfermedades como el cáncer, diabetes, problemas cardiacos entre otros, sin embargo, los medicamentos también pueden causar problemas tan grandes que pondrían en riesgo la salud de millones de personas en todo el mundo, principalmente a través de programas sanitarios que incluyen grupos humanos grandes y vulnerables como los niños, ancianos, mujeres gestantes, etc.La industria farmacéutica está regido por grandes empresas provenientes de países desarrollados cuya influencia dentro del mercado mundial le permiten ventas por unos 170 000 millones de dólares en el mundo y un crecimiento constante. Hoy en día, la actividad económica en materia de salud es uno de los sectores empresariales más rentables e influyentes en el mundo, constituido básicamente por una competencia oligopólica a través de la dependencia productos y una gran deficiencia en la investigación.
Investigar en Cuidados
Authors: Rayón Valpuesta Esperanza
Published: October 2020

.
NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTOS DE PRIMEROS AUXILIOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA “JOSEFINA MEJÍA DE BOCANEGRA” NAZCA 2012.
Authors: Muchaypiña Canales Gladys Leticia , Palomino Siviruero Fanny Giovana , Peña Goy Erika Judith
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio de investigación: Nivel de conocimientos de primeros auxilios en estudiantes de la Institución Educativa “Josefina Mejía de Bocanegra” Nazca 2012. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos en primeros auxilios en estudiantes de la Institución Educativa “Josefina Mejía de Bocanegra”. Material y Métodos: El método que se utilizó fue el descriptivo y de corte transversal tomándose como muestra a 150 estudiantes del 5to año de secundaria. La técnica que se utilizó fue la encuesta y como instrumentos se utilizaron formularios tipo cuestionarios de 23 ítems. Resultados: La participación de 150 estudiantes de quinto año de secundaria, la edad promedio fue 16,59 años, el 53,33% de género femenino. El 62,00% habían recibido formación relacionado con primeros auxilios. El 86,6% desaprobó el cuestionario, la nota promedio fue 6,9 puntos. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento sobre primeros auxilios de los estudiantes de quinto año de secundaria evaluados es malo (86,6%); Se sugiere evaluar y mejorar la formación práctica que brindan las Instituciones educativas en temas de primeros auxilios. Incluir los temas de primeros auxilios en la programación curricular.
Bauran Pemasaran Tentang Konsep Apotek Modern Serta Strategi Pemasarannya
Authors: Dysyandi Welfin , Sumaryono Wahono , Widyastuti Sri , Lesmana Henky
Published: October 2020

Pharmacy as the main type of distribution facility is still in great demand by investors. However, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) has the effect of decreasing turnover in some conventional pharmacies so that many pharmacies are closed. A pharmacy with a modern concept is expected to be an exit strategy of that problem. The purpose of this research is to find out and describe the concept of modern pharmacy according to the perceptions of respondents in DKI Jakarta province and its marketing strategy using the marketing mix concept. This research is a descriptive exploratory research by interviewing 100 respondents who have visited the pharmacy using a questionnaire. Data from interviews were analyzed using statistical software. The results showed that 98% of respondents agreed with the existence of a modern pharmacy concept. Modern pharmacy concepts that can be accepted by respondents are pharmacies that sell complete products, prices compete with surrounding pharmacies, locations close to housing or offices, friendly employees, fast and easy service processes, frequent promotions and social services in the community and a waiting room spacious and comfortable. The right marketing strategy for modern pharmacies is to prioritize excellent service and carry out vigorous promotions on online media and collaborate with private offices, government and universities in DKI Jakarta province.
Makna yang Timbul dari Kesadaran Membayar Pajak Restoran
Authors: Suradiansyah Alfian , Ni Putu Eka Widiastuti  , Aziz Alfida
Published: October 2020

This research aims to gain an understanding of the meaning of restaurant tax on restaurant taxpayers in South Tangerang City. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with intepretive paradigm and phenomenology approach. The results of the research revealed that the informant had understood about their obligation to pay restaurant taxes to the local government. They understand that restaurant taxation is an obligation as citizens who set up a restaurant business in an area against the regional government which can be used as a source of regional revenue to finance the needs of local governments. The meaning of restaurant tax cannot be separated from their life background, character, culture and philosophy. Informants interpret restaurant taxes as a form of reciprocity to local governments, peace of business, contribute to the region and forming a sense of social responsibility.
Origin and evolution of aus type fragrant rice (Oryza sativa L.) : A review
Authors: Das S , Khanda CM
Published: October 2020

Diversity in wild forms and landraces of a crop in a region is an indicator and the core tenet of determining its centre of origin. Jeypore tract of Odisha with diverse rice forms is considered as the earliest, independent rice domestication region of aus ecotype. The aus group of Asian cultivated rice is a distinct population with unique alleles for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and high genetic diversity even in its fragrant accessions, detected at the molecular level. Annual wild rice Oryza nivara is considered as the progenitor of aus rice. The aus type fragrant rice is the original crop of Indian sub-continent, domesticated in hill areas by primitive tribes, around 4500 years ago. The Chinese japonica rice which came to India later, inherited chloroplast and nuclear genome from wild aus rice and the resulting hybrids formed the aromatic group. Loss or gain of phenotypic characters is the common feature of evolution. The aus landraces possessing characters such as black hull, red pericarp, poor panicle features, low grain yield, associated with wild rice species have evolved into cultivated forms from the intermediate stages of domestication. Considering the archeological evidences, genetic inferences and correlations of different investigations relating to aus type fragrant rice, Jeypore tract is regarded as the place of origin and evolution of this small but significant group of fragrant rice.
Management of secondary nutrients and micronutrients in rice under rice-wheat cropping system in acid soil
Authors: Saha PB , Jha AK , Aind W , Chaterjee K
Published: October 2020

A field experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Dumka, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand during kharif seasons of 2015, 2016 and 2017 to study the effects of secondary and micronutrients on rice under rice-wheat cropping system in acid soil. The experimental findings have been interpreted in terms of grain yield, crop response (%), P, K, S and B -uptake by the crop. There were seven treatment combinations viz., NPK (RD) [@ (80 : 40 : 20) kg / ha], NPK + FYM [@ 3t / ha], NPK + lime [@ 4q / ha], NPK + S [@ 30kg / ha], NPK + S + B [@ 200 ppm foliar spray as borax], NPK + S + B + Si [@ 20 kg K - silicate / ha] and (NPK + FYM + S + B + Si). The experiment was laid out in RBD with three replications. It was found that the highest grain yield (40.60 q / ha) was obtained with the combined application of (NPK + FYM + S + B + Si), which also corresponded to the maximum crop response (24.4%). It was also found that application of micronutrients alone did not have significant effects on S and B-uptakes unless they were applied in combination with FYM. The highest S-uptake (7.40 kg/ha) and B-uptake (126.03 g/ha) were recorded with (NPK + FYM + S + B + Si). The highest P-uptake (13.74 kg/ha) and K-uptake (16.11 kg/ha) were obtained with (NPK + Lime).
Mechanism of extraordinary gate-length dependence of quantum dot operation in isoelectronic-trap-assisted tunnel FETs
Authors: Iizuka Shota , Asai Hidehiro , Kato Kimihiko , Hattori Junichi , Fukuda Koichi , Mori Takahiro
Published: October 2020

Current characteristics in quantum dot devices based on isoelectronic-trap-assisted tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) were investigated employing device simulations. It was clarified that in the case of devices with small gate lengths, the quantum-dot-intermediated tunneling distance is almost identical to the gate length, thereby causing gate-length-dependent current intensity. Furthermore, devices with larger gate lengths probabilistically lack quantum dots in the narrow desirable location, thereby hindering the operation of TFETs as quantum dot devices. This study clarifies an important operating mechanism of quantum dot devices based on TFETs and provides the design guidelines for high-temperature operating quantum bit devices.
Fronteiras da Fé: Disputas Socioespaciais em Aparecida, Terra da Padroeira do Brasil
Authors: Moreira Neto Pedro Ribeiro , Guimaraes Antonio Carlos , Zanetti Valéria Regina
Published: October 2020

Aparecida, cidade do Vale do Paraíba Paulista, nasceu de circunstância fortuita – o achado de uma imagem de Nossa Senhora da Conceição nas águas do rio Paraíba do Sul. O presente estudo aborda seu processo de urbanização em que a disputa pelo território de maior centro de peregrinações do Brasil se opõe a segmentos da Igreja Católica e Governo Municipal. O enfrentamento gerado entre a fé e as necessidades de sobrevivência se desloca então para as necessidades contemporâneas, estruturadas sob um território em conflito. Apoiado em pesquisas bibliográficas e na análise de documentos do poder público e da Igreja Católica, além de pesquisas de campo, este artigo colabora para o estudo das contradições da cultura e dos espaços gerados nestes novos tempos.
As Mudanças da Paisagem e sua Influência na Dinâmica do Risco de Erosão na Cidade de Xai-Xai, Moçambique
Authors: Boca Nogar Tomás
Published: October 2020

Este artigo é resultado da dissertação que objetivou analisar as mudanças paisagísticas e os riscos ambientais associados que ocorrem na cidade de Xai-Xai, sul de Moçambique. Assim, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica para desenvolver o estado de arte, seguida pela observação das características da paisagem e o método cartográfico. Foram técnicas de coleta de dados: a entrevista não estruturada, o sensoriamento remoto para análises multitemporais das imagens Landsat 5 e 8, classificadas no ArcGis 10.3 e Qgis 2.18, para se produzir a cartografia temática. Para a análise dos riscos, convergiu-se a metodologia de Rossi, com a “Análise Ponderada Hierárquica”. Concluiu-se que a área habitada avança sobre as outras na cidade de Xai-Xai, fixada em 58% ou 80.9 km2 da superfície da cidade. O homem é o agente na mudança da paisagem, através da ocupação desordenada dos espaços e remoção da vegetação. Sugere-se políticas públicas sadias, tendo em vista as suas potencialidades e fragilidades, através da espacialização da especialização.
Application of Anorganic Fertilizers and Seed Soaking Time with Legume Bacteria on Peanut in Tidal Lowland
Authors: Putra Billy Andreas , Zulkifli Tengku Boumedine Hamid , Berliana Yunida , Sijabat Octanina Sari
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the dosage of inorganic fertilizers, soaking time of the inoculation of the legume bacteria strains which were suitable for the growth and yield of peanut in tidal lowland.

Materials and Methods: This research was conducted at tidal lowland in Sei Ular Village, Secanggang sub-District, Langkat District, North Sumatra from September to December 2019. The research used randomized block design in factorial. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizers consisting of P0 = un-fertilizer (control), P1= urea 50 kg.ha-1 + TSP 180 kg.ha-1 + KCl 50 kg.ha-1, P2= urea 75 kg.ha-1 + TSP 205 kg.ha-1 + KCl 75 kg.ha-1, P3= urea 100 kg.ha-1 + TSP 230 kg.ha-1 + KCl 100 kg.ha-1. The second factor was the soaking time of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacterial strain consisting of T0= un-soaking time, T1= soaking time for 3 minutes, T2= soaking time for 6 minutes, and T3= soaking time for 9 minutes. Parameters were analyzed using ANOVA and BNJ analysis 5%.·

Results: The application of urea 50 kg.ha-1 + TSP 180 kg.ha-1 + KCl 50 kg.ha-1 significantly increased the plant height, number of leaves, and root volume and showed the highest number of active nodules, dry pods.plot-1 and seed weight.plot-1 compared to other doses. The seed soaking time with the Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain and their interactions showed insignificant differences in all parameters of peanut plants in tidal lowland.
Expressões do futuro: como se comunicarão as próximas gerações
Authors: Sacramento Winston
Published: October 2020

Resenha do Livro 

LACASA, Pilar. Expresiones del futuro: cómo se comunicarán las próximas generaciones. Madrid: Ediciones Morata, S.L., 2018
Da Inovação ao Desenvolvimento
Authors: Vilha Anapatrícia de Oliveira Morales , Kubota Heitor Tessari Mendes
Published: October 2020

A Economia da Tecnologia indica que o entendimento schumpeteriano de desenvolvimento econômico está diretamente associado ao grau de mudanças técnicas que os mercados produzem, de forma dinâmica. A questão que orientou este trabalho foi investigar as trajetórias recentes de desenvolvimento e inovação de países da América Latina e os reflexos para as suas atuais dinâmicas inovativas, examinando o comportamento do Brasil, Argentina, México, Colômbia e Chile no Índice Global de Inovação (IGI) de 2008 a 2019. Os resultados revelaram que participação de países da América Latina no IGI continua lenta, podendo também ser explicada pela ascensão das economias asiáticas, notadamente no que tange a participação em esforços de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) mundial. A contribuição deste trabalho também explicita as dificuldades impostas pelas metodologias do Índice Global de Inovação no trato das discussões dinâmicas evolucionárias dos mercados.
Remuneração Executiva e Desempenho
Authors: Araujo Juliano Augusto Orsi de , Ribeiro Maisa de Souza
Published: October 2020

Os estudos sobre remuneração executiva têm por sustentação teórica a Teoria da Agência, em que há a predição de que o principal delega ao agente poderes para conduzir seu patrimônio, sua companhia. No entanto, o principal não tem pleno controle das ações tomadas pelo agente. Uma das maneiras de se alinhar interesses de ambos é através da remuneração. As pesquisas desenvolvidas até então analisaram a relação entre remuneração e resultado, ou remuneração e performance. Os resultados apresentados são controversos. O resultado econômico apresenta-se vulnerável aos accruals discricionários, de modo que o agente pode manipulá-lo para a obtenção de resultados que o proporcione uma melhor remuneração. De outro lado, o resultado financeiro apresenta-se menos suscetível às ações dos executivos no que tange ao uso da discricionariedade, além de ser objeto de validação por parte dos auditores. Neste sentido, o presente estudo verificou se a variação do caixa proporciona remuneração adicional aos executivos, de modo que os estimule a gerar caixa operacional para as companhias. A amostra é composta por companhias abertas europeias, com período de observação entre 2007 e 2016. A principal técnica estatística empregada no estudo foi a regressão múltipla através de dados em painel com efeitos fixos robusto. Os resultados apontaram para um acréscimo médio de US$ 16.000 na remuneração anual dos executivos que geraram caixa operacional para as companhias. O estudo concluiu que o uso desta variável como indicador para remuneração executiva ainda é baixo, cerca de 15% das companhias a utilizam. No entanto, o uso da variação do caixa operacional pode apresentar melhores resultados na relação de agência, mitigando possíveis problemas e reduzindo o custo de agência.
Runoff changes according to human impact on the landscape
Authors: Kliment Zdeněk , Matoušková Milada
Published: October 2020

The main aim of our research project was to determine the extent to which the outflow can be influenced by the human interventions in three-selected water basins in Bohemian Forest (Šumava Mountains) and foothills. The rainfall-runoff analyses using both the single and double mass curves over the period of the hydrologic observations were taken as a basic methodology. Beside mean discharge, precipitation, snow and air temperature trends, analysis of land cover change and human impact on the river network and drainage areas development were applied too. The greatest deviations were widely observed in the period between the 2nd half of the seventies and in the 1st half of the eighties. The whole system came slowly back to its initial condition in the early nineties. The runoff trend deviation has been related to the nature and human factors, mainly to current climatic changes and changes of landscape retention potential.
Comparative analysis of the floods in Prague (Czechia) and Seville (Spain): Seen from the geographical viewpoint
Authors: Escudero Rafael Baena , Amador Inmaculada Guerrero , Janský Bohumír
Published: October 2020

The urbanization pressure upon the areas originally endangered by floods has increased, creating a new imbalance between the city and the river. The relationship to the various strategies that are being used to prevent the predictable flood risk in Prague and Seville, constitute the main topics of the following article. Authors analyze two very different drainage systems - the Vltava river in Czechia with temprate snow-rain climate versus the Guadalquivir river in the south of Spain with subtropical rain climate. The general hydrological properties will be compared as well as the highly different morphohydrology of the specific flood areas close to the cities of Seville and Prague.
Perception and Factors Influencing Junk Food Consumption among School Children of Pokhara
Authors: Pahari Sandip , Baral Nirdesh
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The main problem with junk foods is that they're low in satiation, that is, people don't feel as full when they eat them, which can lead to overeating. Another problem is that junk food tends to replace other more nutritious foods. In our diet over the time, urbanization and recent development in the foods industries have led to the notable increase in junk food production making them readily available, accessible and affordable. The main objective of this study was to understand the perception and identify factors influencing junk food consumption among school level children of Pokhara.

Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted among 220 students of 12 different private schools of Pokhara of grade 4-9.  Systematic random sampling was done to select  the required samples and the data was collected using self-administered questionnaire and personal interviews.

Results: Majority (81%) of the students considered junk food consumption to be unhealthy. About half of the students were unaware of the nutritive value, quality of the food, ingredients, preservatives used and negative consequences of junk foods. There is a significant difference between the grade of the students and the average frequency of junk food use per week. The average consumption of junk food increases as the grades of students increases.(Chi square =53.025, p ≤0.01). 

Conclusion: Consumption of junk food was notably high due to various enabling factors such as addictive taste, changing lifestyle, propagandist advertising and instant availability. Grade and sex of the students were found to be significant predictors in over consuming junk foods.
Impact of Turbulence Models on the Air Flow in a Confined Rectangular Space
Authors: Mularski Jakub , Amit Arora  , Muhammad Azam Saeed  , Łukasz Niedźwiecki  , Samrand Saeidi
Published: October 2020

The paper regards the impact of four different turbulence models on the air flow pattern in a confined rectangular space. The following approaches are analyzed. The Baseline (BSL) Reynolds model, the Speziale-Sarkar-Gatzki (SSG) Reynolds model, the Menter's shear-stress transport (SST) model and the basic k-ε model. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results are compared with the experimental measurements in four different planes. The Reynolds number for the given conditions is equal to 5000. The k-ε model yielded the most accurate results with regard to the experimental data but its reliability decreased near the wall region. With respect to the other models, it was also found that the k-ε approach generated the least circulating flow.