bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arterial stiffness and biological parameters: A decision tree machine learning application in hypertensive participants
Authors: Vallée Alexandre
Published: July 2023

Arterial stiffness, measured by arterial stiffness index (ASI), could be considered a main denominator in target organ damage among hypertensive subjects. Currently, no reported ASI normal references have been reported. The index of arterial stiffness is evaluated by calculation of a stiffness index. Predicted ASI can be estimated regardless to age, sex, mean blood pressure, and heart rate, to compose an individual stiffness index [(measured ASI–predicted ASI)/predicted ASI]. A stiffness index greater than zero defines arterial stiffness. Thus, the purpose of this study was 1) to determine determinants of stiffness index 2) to perform threshold values to discriminate stiffness index and then 3) to determine hierarchical associations of the determinants by performing a decision tree model among hypertensive participants without CV diseases. A study was conducted from 53,363 healthy participants in the UK Biobank survey to determine predicted ASI. Stiffness index was applied on 49,452 hypertensives without CV diseases to discriminate determinants of positive stiffness index (N = 22,453) from negative index (N = 26,999). The input variables for the models were clinical and biological parameters. The independent classifiers were ranked from the most sensitives: HDL cholesterol≤1.425 mmol/L, smoking pack years≥9.2pack-years, Phosphate≥1.172 mmol/L, to the most specifics: Cystatin c≤0.901 mg/L, Triglycerides≥1.487 mmol/L, Urate≥291.9 μmol/L, ALT≥22.13 U/L, AST≤32.5 U/L, Albumin≤45.92 g/L, Testosterone≥5.181 nmol/L. A decision tree model was performed to determine rules to highlight the different hierarchization and interactions between these classifiers with a higher performance than multiple logistic regression (p<0.001). The stiffness index could be an integrator of CV risk factors and participate in future CV risk management evaluations for preventive strategies. Decision trees can provide accurate and useful classification for clinicians.
Association between fall-related serious injury and activity during fall in an acute care hospital
Authors: Kobayashi Kosuke , Kido Naohiro , Wakabayashi Shoji , Yamamoto Kyoko , Hihara Jun , Tamura Masami , Sakahara Tomoko
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Few studies have evaluated the mechanism of serious injury in acute hospitalization. Thus, the association between fall-related serious injury and activity during falls in acute care hospital remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the relationship between serious injury caused by fall and activity at the time of the fall in an acute care hospital.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Asa Citizens Hospital. All inpatients aged 65 years and older were eligible for the study, which was conducted from April 1, 2021, through March 31, 2022. The magnitude of the association between injury severity and activity during the fall was quantified using odds ratio.

Results

Among the 318 patients with reported falls, 268 (84.3%) had no related injury, 40 (12.6%) experienced minor injury, 3 (0.9%) experienced moderate injury, 7 (2.2%) experienced major injury. Moderate or major injuries caused by a fall was associated with the activity during the fall (odds ratio: 5.20; confidence intervals: 1.43–18.9, p = 0.013).

Conclusion

This study recognizes that falling during ambulation caused moderate or major injuries in an acute care hospital. Our study suggests that falls while ambulating in an acute care hospital were associated not only with fractures, but also with lacerations requiring sutures and brain injuries. Among the patients with moderate or major injuries, more falls occurred outside the patient’s bedroom as compared with patients with minor or no injuries. Therefore, it is important to prevent moderate or major injuries related to falls that occur while the patient is walking outside their bedroom in an acute care hospital.
Food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Jordanian women handling food at home during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Al-Jaberi Tasneem M. , Al-Nabulsi Anas A. , Osaili Tareq M. , Olaimat Amin N. , Mutlaq Sawsan
Published: July 2023

Concerns over food safety issues during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) have sparked worldwide interest. Being part of a farm-to-fork food safety chain, food handlers at home are the final line of defense in reducing foodborne diseases. The present study used a cross-sectional survey to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of women food handlers in Jordan. The survey investigated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on women who handle food at home in terms of food safety KAP. One thousand one hundred twenty-six respondents completed a food safety questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic. With a mean score of 22.1 points out of 42, the results showed that women who handle food in their houses had insufficient knowledge, negative attitudes, and incorrect practices concerning food safety. The respondents demonstrated high knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the personal hygiene, cleaning and sanitation areas (≥ 60.0%). On the other hand, participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding contamination prevention, health issues that would affect food safety, symptoms of foodborne illnesses, safe storage, thawing, cooking, keeping, and reheating of foods, as well as COVID-19 were all low (< 60.0%). The correlations between participants’ total food safety KAP scores and education, age, experience, region, and the pandemic effect on food safety were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first conducted in Jordan to investigate food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices by women handling food at home during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Inspired: Exploring creative pedagogies at the early stage of the fashion design process
Authors: Ban Lavinia
Published: July 2023

The article introduces the fashion process as a relevant topic for the current research in the field, stating the need for further explorations and academic investigation. Recent studies provide detailed guidelines about the fashion design process understood as a linear sequence of stages evolving from the initial sources of inspiration through fabrics research, sketching, pattern-making and garment construction techniques to end products and collection delivery. Very few studies investigate how, when or where innovative ideas emerge along this process. Although acknowledged as part of real-life practice, the intuitive/unstructured/experimental part of creation is hardly grasped within a linear framework. Besides the systematic approach to the design process, fashion students also need to learn how to think creatively and navigate successfully between the multiple phases of the development. How to experiment, reflect, adapt, solve problems, select, improve and enrich their processes. The studio exercises illustrated in the last part of this article propose an integration of design thinking methods into creative pedagogies for fashion design. Challenges, play and other experimental activities engage students better at the early stage of the process, feed their imagination and are instrumental in developing their personal creative approach to fashion.
Combined Hepatocellular Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Rare Tumor
Authors: Ahmed Zunirah , Divatia Mukul K. , Crumley Suzanne , Victor David W. , Kodali Sudha
Published: July 2023

Neuroendocrine tumors originate from neuroendocrine cells primarily located in the gastrointestinal tract. These tumors often metastasize to the liver. Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinomas are uncommon, and combined hepatocellular neuroendocrine carcinomas are exceedingly rare. There is a lack of data on the management of these rare tumors. Most cases have very poor prognosis secondary to aggressive behavior of the neuroendocrine tumor component. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this rare carcinoma to allow for early diagnosis and optimize potential treatment options.
A Unique Approach to Obtaining Tissue in a Difficult to Access Indeterminate Biliary Stricture: Percutaneous Cholangioscopy and Biopsy
Authors: Schubach Abigail , Penmetsa Amulya , Sharma Ashwani , Kothari Shivangi
Published: July 2023

When evaluating biliary strictures, establishing a diagnosis can present challenges. The first-line approach of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography can often involve anatomic restrictions. Traditionally, percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy has been the answer for biopsies unable to be obtained with the modalities above but requires time for large tract dilation and days of sinus tract maturation to allow for a scope. We present a novel case of percutaneous digital cholangioscopy with SpyGlass DS, a small caliber scope traditionally used with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, used for percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy after previous failed attempts by several different standard methods. Our case highlights a multidisciplinary approach in ultimately diagnosing malignancy.
Spain’s Living Daughters
Authors: Warner Sylvia Townsend
Published: July 2023

Warner’s article describes in detail the harsh economic conditions and powerful social restrictions in women’s lives in rural Spain. She notes that the marriage rites of the Spanish Church describe women as the property of their husbands. The article ends with a tribute to Spanish women fighting in the Civil War for Republicanism and against the tyranny of fascism.
MOREAU, Diego; MACHADO, Laluña Gusmão. História dos Quadrinhos: EUA. São José: Skript, 2020
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigues Marcio
Published: July 2023

A resenha em questão faz uma avaliação criteriosa do livro "História dos Quadrinhos: EUA", de Diego Moreau e Laluña Machado, publicado pela Skript Editora em 2021. O texto destaca uma série de equívocos editoriais e problemas teórico-metodológicos presentes na obra. Além da falta de rigor e reflexão crítica na livro, vê-se uma ausência de teorizações e referências bibliográficas no corpo do texto, o que compromete a fundamentação das informações apresentadas. A resenha sublinha ainda a importância de uma abordagem mais rigorosa e reflexiva sobre o tema dos quadrinhos nos Estados Unidos, de uma forma totalmente desprovida de visões preconcebidas ou superficialidades, o que não foi atingido pela obra em questão.
Whitewash Jones e o lugar do negro na Timely Comics durante o esforço de guerra
Authors: Pereira Pinto Arthur Gibson
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho busca discutir a construção de um personagem negro de histórias em quadrinhos durante o período da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Trata-se de Whitewash Jones, personagem da revista em quadrinhos Young Allies, da Timely Comics. Debateremos a função política cumprida pelos quadrinhos durante o conflito, entendendo Young Allies como parte da guinada destas revistas em direção à mobilização da população para se somar ao esforço de guerra. Whitewash Jones aparece como um personagem dedicado a compor um grupo multiétnico de parceiros-mirins do Captain America, que visa a posicionar os Estados Unidos como uma terra de harmonia racial e democracia. O modo como Whitewash Jones é representado, contudo, reforça muitos dos estereótipos negativos relacionados à população negra americana, o que, acreditamos, revela o lugar que estes editores e artistas imaginavam ser natural aos negros do país.
A Segunda Guerra Mundial e o ataque de Pearl Harbor nas Histórias em Quadrinhos
Authors: Itaqui Lopes Filho Artur Rodrigo , Krüger Felipe Radünz , Neto Mario Marcello
Published: July 2023

Resumo: Na década de 1940, os Estados Unidos da América ainda não haviam se posicionado (oficialmente) em face a uma possível intervenção bélica na Segunda Guerra Mundial, porém, as capas de muitas histórias em quadrinhos da época, assim como seu conteúdo, já traziam personagens nacionalistas enfrentando as forças do Eixo, manifestando um posicionamento diante da ocorrência da guerra. Essa manifestação é intensificada após o evento de Pearl Harbor (ocorrido em dezembro de 1941), ecoando, ainda que de maneira alegórica, o imaginário estadunidense que clamava por uma reação de sua nação. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos do intervencionismo nacional estadunidense em algumas capas de histórias em quadrinhos estadunidense publicadas logo após ao evento de Pearl Harbor em comparação aos mangás japoneses do período e sua relação com o nacionalismo exacerbado nipônico. Como conclusão, a partir de Benedict Anderson (2008), Jacques Ranciere (2014) e Richard Hofstadter (2008) inferimos que as estruturas do nacionalismo e patriotismo que organiza essas publicações estão presentes em ambos os países, que mesmo em lados opostos da guerra e com objetivos e ideologias distintos, acabam recorrendo a recursos militaristas e ufanistas para aglutinar pessoas em uma causa de guerra.
América está morta
Authors: Silva de Oliveira Lucas
Published: July 2023

Conhecido como juiz, júri e executor, o Juiz Dredd é um dos mais famosos personagens de histórias em quadrinhos do Reino Unido. Publicado pela primeira vez em 1977, ele foi concebido como uma sátira à retórica de Lei e Ordem do Partido Conservador britânico. Contudo, ao longo de suas publicações, o personagem se provou, também, uma sátira aos Estados Unidos. Neste artigo, buscamos analisar o arco América, um conjunto de histórias que sintetizam as críticas ao país americano. Nessa história, John Wagner (2020) buscou satirizar valores normalmente atribuídos aos EUA como terra da liberdade e igualdade, ao mesmo tempo que vemos dois jovens criticando essas concepções enquanto lutam pelo movimento democrático e são esmagados pela totalidade repressora do Sistema Judicial.
Os Fumetti Tex Willer
Authors: César de Campos Emerson , Ferreira Antunes Aline
Published: July 2023

Propõe-se nesse artigo reflexões a partir de pesquisas realizadas nas áreas de História e Performances Culturais. A fonte de pesquisa são as Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQs) do personagem italiano Tex Willer, atualmente produzidas pela Sergio Bonelli Editore (SBE), uma criação de Giovanni Luigi Bonelli e Aurelio Galleppini, as quais seguem sendo publicadas desde 1948. Refletimos acerca de um produto de mercado híbrido (CANCLINI, 1999) e transnacional, fruto de culturas convergentes (JENKINS, 2009), que dialogam entre si e produzem tanto faroestes clássicos no cinema hollywoodiano, quanto spaghetti westerns numa ideia de região (BOURDIEU, 2010) aqui explicitada por wilderness. A partir da relação entre os fumetti (quadrinhos italianos) TEX e o cinema, analisou-se as performances dos leitores/fãs brasileiros da revista e suas devolutivas, sejam elas em formato de cartas, de posts (em grupos de Facebook e Instagram), tatuagens, cordéis, objetos pessoais ou mesmo produção de cosplays dos personagens principais das fumetti mais publicadas e mais longevas do gênero faroeste.
Reimaginando heróis do passado
Authors: Rodrigues Marcio dos Santos
Published: July 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da série de quadrinhos Battle Hymn, da Image Comics, que utiliza arquétipos de super-heróis dos anos 1940, como Namor, Capitão América e Tocha Humana, para explorar temas como o nacionalismo e a própria atmosfera histórica da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Por meio da reconfiguração desses arquétipos desconstruídos e reinventados ao longo da trama, a série propõe a criação de representações que se relacionam com uma temporalidade passada. Discute-se como a narrativa permite trazer à tona uma atmosfera histórica e simbólica de um período marcado por conflitos ideológicos por meio de novos personagens, além de abordar questões sociais e políticas diretamente ligadas ao período em que a série foi lançada. Através dessa perspectiva, o artigo busca contribuir para examinar aspectos históricos dos quadrinhos que dialogam com imaginários políticos e compreender sua influência na construção e desconstrução de símbolos na sociedade estadunidense.
Muito mais do que os heróis tradicionais
Authors: Callari Victor
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo consiste em um recorte da pesquisa de doutoramento, em andamento, na Universidade de São Paulo, e que analisa a transmissão do trauma da Segunda Guerra Mundial na segunda geração de sobreviventes, a partir das histórias em quadrinhos. De forma mais ampla, busca-se compreender como o conflito foi representado nas HQs, no decorrer do século XX. No entanto, dentro dessa pesquisa volta-se para dois gêneros presentes entre 1939 e 1945, conhecidos como “super-heróis e “funny animals”. O artigo relaciona o sucesso das histórias em quadrinhos com a retomada econômica dos Estados Unidos, na segunda metade da década de 1930, apresenta alguns dos principais títulos publicados no período e procura identificar elementos comuns, presentes nos dois gêneros, a partir de uma análise específica da revista Comedy Comics.
Implementation of artificial intelligence at the workplace, considering the work ability of employees
Authors: Werens Samantha , Von Garrel Jörg
Published: July 2023

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) as an innovation driver is increasingly gaining importance among small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. In order to enable a successful AI implementation, both the business requirements and the needs of human resources must be considered. One construct that brings these dimensions together is the concept of work ability. So far, there is little scientific evidence addressing work ability in the context of AI implementation. Therefore, this article aims to create a multidimensional framework using the results of a qualitative study on employee-friendly implementation of AI-based systems. The framework combines central aspects (implementation stage, AI-autonomy level, and work ability) and helps to identify suitable recommendations for companies to increase acceptance and trust in the implementation process. Based on the developed framework, a first version of a socio-technical AI support tool has been created.
Nuclear waste as a socio-technical problem
Authors: Hansson Sven Ove
Published: July 2023

In public discussion, high-level nuclear waste is often referred to as an exceptional environmental problem. It is indeed an exceptional problem, but not primarily because of the permanent threat that nuclear waste poses to future generations, as is usually argued. Its exceptionality rather stems from socio-technical factors that create deadlocks and dilemmas, thus hampering and delaying decision-making. This article provides an overview of major socio-technical issues pertaining to nuclear waste, including some that have been neglected in previous literature, and thus contributes to technology assessment in this field.
Analysis of Truck Crashes with W-beam Guardrail
Authors: Tran Thanh Tung , Tso-Liang Teng
Published: July 2023

W-beam guardrail is an excellent method for enhancing traffic safety. The W-beam guardrail comprises of a W-shaped segment and specialized constructions known as support posts. Identifying the effect of the W-beam heights, post spacing, shaped supporting posts, and post-soil interaction may be crucial to improving the crashworthiness of W-beam guardrail. This study evaluated the W-beam guardrail using a finite element model in the event of a 10,000 kg truck collision. Simulations of crash tests were conducted to evaluate the crashworthiness of the W-beam guardrail in accordance with European standard EN1317. The results of this analysis can assist evaluate the design of W-guardrails and guide the future development of guardrail technologies.
Positional accuracy in close-range photogrammetry through Topography and Geodesy
Authors: Nero Marcelo Antonio , Pinto Rocha André , Guerra Mamede Clayton , Borba Schuler Carlos Alberto , Da Costa Temba Plínio , Reinoso-Gordo Juan Francisco
Published: July 2023

Computational three-dimensional modelling can be used to reconstruct real-world objects with all their details and conservation conditions. Photogrammetry offers products with accuracy, in addition to the flexibility of execution of simple and complex projects, according to the simplicity and speed in data acquisition. The three-dimensional (3D) and georeferenced modelling allows the documentation of the object that was mapped by means of the location. This paper presents a methodology based on topographic and geodetic techniques with georeferencing applied to three-dimensional modelling of architectural forms with the use of digital close-range photogrammetry. The measurements made on the digital product obtained and the same measurements made using precision topography were compared considering the conversion of coordinates to the same projection and reference systems. Finally, the statistical validation and quantification in terms of the positional accuracy of the final product were performed.
Estabilidad térmica de un edificio centenario de sillar (ignimbrita) en clima desértico frío. Hospital Goyeneche
Authors: Zúñiga Hernández José Andrew , Zavala-Ñahu Betsabé-Shirley , Mamani-Mendoza Rocio Arcelia , Esquivel-Meza Erika
Published: July 2023

El sillar (ignimbrita) es un material común dentro de las edificaciones del centro histórico de la ciudad de Arequipa, Perú. Una de ellas es el centenario hospital Goyeneche, considerado Patrimonio Cultural, y uno de los centros de referencia que brindan atención de mediana complejidad. El inmueble está deteriorándose, y se observa la necesidad de calcular su comportamiento térmico, lo cual tiene como objetivo evaluar el coeficiente de estabilidad térmica, el amortiguamiento y el desfase de la onda térmica en una sala de hospitalización con muros de sillar de 80 cm de espesor. La metodología, con enfoque cualitativo, consistió en monitorear la temperatura exterior e interior en época de invierno, hasta finales de primavera (junio-noviembre de 2018). Se determinó que el coeficiente de estabilidad térmica, en promedio, fue de 0,30, y se obtuvo un amortiguamiento del 70 % de las fluctuaciones de temperatura exteriores en un clima seco-desértico-frío, con fluctuaciones que llegan hasta los 26 °C, con amortiguamiento de la onda térmica promedio de 6,07 °C y un desfase de la onda térmica promedio de 3h.20min, debido a la masa térmica del edificio. Se concluye que, al ser la sala de un material autóctono muy antiguo, en un clima con grandes diferencias de temperatura entre el día y la noche, esta presentó un adecuado comportamiento térmico, por su alta masa térmica respecto a su estabilidad térmica.
El diseño de rampa en la arquitectura de Vilanova Artigas
Authors: Tagliari Ana , Florio Wilson
Published: July 2023

Vilanova Artigas diseñó muchos edificios con rampas. Así, surgió la pregunta: ¿Cuál es el papel de la rampa en las estrategias de proyecto del arquitecto? Para identificar los conceptos fundamentales que orientaron las acciones del arquitecto, los criterios para seleccionar el objeto de estudio fueron: proyectos con rampas producidos entre las décadas de 1940 y 1980. En la primera fase se estudiaron los proyectos y los textos escritos por el arquitecto. En el segunda, los proyectos fueron analizados gráficamente. En la tercera, se identificaron los conceptos y se realizó la clasificación. Los procedimientos de análisis fueron el rediseño, los cortes de los edificios, el realce de la rampa y la elaboración de diagramas. La clasificación se hizo mediante tablas comparativas. Los resultados muestran que las rampas contribuyeron a definir la organización del programa para la creación de un espacio único, fluido y continuo, que represente la continuidad visual y espacial de la arquitectura moderna.
Neuroarquitetura e Design em Home Office: Diretrizes para Projetos e Adaptações do Espaço de Trabalho
Authors: Vizioli Libório Flávia Heloisa , Araújo Bortoleto Ludmila , Inglesis  Barcellos Ekaterina Emmanuil , Botura Jr Galdenoro
Published: July 2023

O trabalho em home office transformou-se em rotina no cotidiano da sociedade global, em decorrência da pandemia da covid-19. No novo contexto, os espaços familiares de moradia e convivência tiveram de ser adaptados para atividades remotas on-line. Inicialmente positiva, essa modalidade foi impactada pelo ambiente inadequado e pela ergonomia, afetando a saúde física e mental dos indivíduos, causando ansiedade, insegurança quanto aos objetivos e às metas a serem alcançados e, consequentemente, diminuindo a satisfação inicial e apresentando oscilações de produtividade. Com base em pesquisa realizada junto aos usuários de home office, este artigo traz a análise da percepção desses indivíduos sobre a produtividade obtida nos espaços adaptados e demonstra que a visão sobre a constituição desse local de trabalho não corresponde ao que a literatura preconiza como agradável e produtivo. Como resultado da pesquisa, o artigo apresenta uma forma de melhorar e aumentar a produtividade e a saúde de seus usuários, e propõe diretrizes para o desenvolvimento de projetos e adaptações de ambientes residenciais para home office, com base nos conceitos de neuroarquitetura, ergonomia física e cognitiva, design biofílico e experiência do usuário (UX). A aplicação das diretrizes propostas possibilitará a criação de um ambiente saudável, produtivo e adequado ao bem-estar de quem o utiliza.
Wspólnotowe poszukiwania
Authors: Kwiatkowska-Ratajczak Maria
Published: July 2023

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Bot byłby tańszy od polonisty
Authors: Gajosowa Paulina
Published: July 2023

W publikacji omówiono możliwości ChatuGPT, który jest narzędziem opartym na systemie sztucznej inteligencji przeznaczonym do generowania tekstów, tłumaczeń, analizy języka naturalnego i innych zadań związanych z przetwarzaniem języka naturalnego. W artykule pojawia się pytanie, czy ChatGPT może w najbliższej przyszłości zastąpić nauczycieli języka polskiego. Choć ChatGPT może być pomocnym narzędziem dla nauczycieli, nie może zastąpić ich w nauczaniu uczniów rozumienia i stosowania reguł gramatycznych, słownictwa i struktur językowych, a także kształtowania ich umiejętności komunikacyjnych i kulturowych. ChatGPT może generować odpowiedzi oraz tworzyć teksty, a efekty jego pracy stają się precyzyjniejsze, jeśli instrukcje są bardziej szczegółowe. Jednak narzędzie to nie może zastąpić relacji międzyludzkich, indywidualnego podejścia i motywacji, które nauczyciele zapewniają uczniom.
A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhang Shuhang , Li Ying , Zhang Xinfang , Liu Huan , Liu Shiyuan , Liu Jing , Wang Guangpeng
Published: July 2023

Previous studies suggest that the senescence and death of the replaceable bud of the Chinese chestnut cultivar (cv.) “Tima Zhenzhu” involves programmed cell death (PCD). However, the molecular network regulating replaceable bud PCD is poorly characterized. Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling on the chestnut cv. “Tima Zhenzhu” replaceable bud before (S20), during (S25), and after (S30) PCD to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the PCD process. A total of 5,779, 9,867, and 2,674 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered upon comparison of S20 vs S25, S20 vs S30, and S25 vs S30, respectively. Approximately 6,137 DEGs common to at least two comparisons were selected for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to interrogate the main corresponding biological functions and pathways. GO analysis showed that these common DEGs could be divided into three functional categories, including 15 cellular components, 14 molecular functions, and 19 biological processes. KEGG analysis found that “plant hormone signal transduction” included 93 DEGs. Overall, 441 DEGs were identified as related to the process of PCD. Most of these were found to be genes associated with ethylene signaling, as well as the initiation and execution of various PCD processes.
Effect of waste materials on soil properties
Authors: Saleem Hiba D. , Al Quraishi Murtdha H. , Imariq Saleem M. , Shamkhi Mohammed S.
Published: July 2023

Industrial processes are the main generator of littering agents, and the growing environmental awareness has contributed to a focus on the issue of littering. One of the biggest environmental issues in the world is how to manage this waste given the limited space available, the high cost of remediation, and the need for landfilling. However, the idea of reusing some of this waste is an alternative solution to decreasing the process of landfilling, and reducing the increase of waste. In this research, three different waste materials were used, namely plastic waste, aluminum waste, and silica sand. Each of these materials was mixed in a ratio of 1, 3, and 5%, with silty sand soil. The consistency limits of maximum dry density and the optimal ratio for the preferred materials were determined by examining and comparing cohesiveness and angle of internal friction. Research results showed that the maximum unit weight decreased after adding the waste materials: it decreased by 9.35 and 11.69% when 5% each of aluminum and plastic waste was added, respectively. At the same time, the increase in the inner angle of internal friction reached 26.41% at the highest percentage of plastic waste. The addition of 3% of silica sand gave the highest value of cohesion, and the increase reached 218.7% for soils not treated with silica. It also showed the effect of adding 1% of silica sand on the plasticity, reducing it by 72.7% from its original value.
BEPS: Changing International Fiscal Standards and the Unchanging Fortunes of ‘Sustainable Development’
Authors: Kumar Ajay
Published: July 2023

The OECD led BEPS project attempts key changes to the international tax standards to limit harmful tax avoidance. First, it is found that calls for the BEPS project are based on arguments (illicit financial flows and tax competition) that are supported by limited evidence and hence may not offer much fiscal gain to the developing countries. Second, it is found that the BEPS project would, through information sharing, further limit the fiscal jurisdiction of capital importing states. Further it is found that tax competition, even if existing in a limited form, is a result of the international tax architecture and the externalities caused by it. In fact, it is seen that the MNCs actually reduce the inefficiencies created by this tax architecture and thereby reduce transaction costs. By agreeing to the BEPS agenda of information sharing the developing countries would be paying the cost of internalising the externality.
Are we there yet? Interrogating the education of culturally and linguistically diverese (CLD) and vulnerable learners
Authors: Obiakor Festus
Published: July 2023

This article focuses on the historical journey of educating culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) and vulnerable learners in general and special education. I argue that this journey has had its trials and tribulations that have tremendous implications for the future of our society. In addition, how CLD and vulnerable persons engage, interact, survive, and excel in schools, communities, organizations, and institutions reflect the ups and downs of their modus vivendi in our overall society. One can conclude that CLD and vulnerable persons are not yet there on issues of race, culture, national origin, recruitment, retention, tenure, and promotion in schools, communities, organizations, and institutions. My hope is that with collaborative, consultative, and collaborative efforts of all stakeholders, the historical and current plights of CLD and vulnerable persons will be ameliorated.
The brain serotonin system in autism
Authors: Rodnyy Alexander Ya , Kondaurova Elena M. , Tsybko Anton S. , Popova Nina K. , Kudlay Dmitry A. , Naumenko Vladimir S.
Published: July 2023

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are among the most common neurodevelopmental diseases. These disorders are characterized by lack of social interaction, by repetitive behavior, and often anxiety and learning disabilities. The brain serotonin (5-HT) system is known to be crucially implicated in a wide range of physiological functions and in the control of different kinds of normal and pathological behavior. A growing number of studies indicate the involvement of the brain 5-HT system in the mechanisms underlying both ASD development and ASD-related behavioral disorders. There are some review papers describing the role of separate key players of the 5-HT system in an ASD and/or autistic-like behavior. In this review, we summarize existing data on the participation of all members of the brain 5-HT system, namely, 5-HT transporter, tryptophan hydroxylase 2, MAOA, and 5-HT receptors, in autism in human and various animal models. Additionally, we describe the most recent studies involving modern techniques for in vivo regulation of gene expression that are aimed at identifying exact roles of 5-HT receptors, MAOA, and 5-HT transporter in the mechanisms underlying autistic-like behavior. Altogether, results of multiple research articles show that the brain 5-HT system intimately partakes in the control of some types of ASD-related behavior, and that specific changes in a function of a certain 5-HT receptor, transporter, and/or enzyme may normalize this aberrant behavior. These data give hope that some of clinically used 5-HT–related drugs have potential for ASD treatment.
Numerical study of the impact of hydrogen addition, swirl intensity and equivalence ratio on methane-air combustion
Authors: Elbayoumi Mohamed , Garnier François , Seers Patrice
Published: July 2023

Hydrogen-blended fuel is a promising resource for future generations of gas turbine engines, due to its capability of reducing carbon-based emissions. This paper presents a numerical study to assess hydrogen-enriched combustion in a laboratory-scale burner operating at a high turbulence level and under lean and stoichiometric burning conditions. Moreover, a wide range of H2 (up to 90 %) is used for enriching CH4-air combustion in combination with two different swirl levels. The results show that a high swirl intensity results in shorter flames, due to the increased turbulent intensity, which reduces the flame surface area and uniformness the reacting zone. Besides, increasing swirl intensity further increase flame temperature for a given H2-blended fuel. Overall, the results suggest that high swirl intensity in combination to lean mixtures is favorable when using H2-blended fuel with high H2 concentrations. The simulation results also demonstrate that considering radiation heat loss is influential, as it yields a reduction of the outlet temperature by not less than 100 K, bringing down NO
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emissions by half.
Genetic and phenotypic trends for carcass traits in Irish beef cattle
Authors: Mulhall S.A. , Sleator R.D. , Evans R.D. , Twomey A.J.
Published: July 2023

Animals subjected to intensive genetic selection require continuous monitoring to observe changes in economically important traits. The focus of this research was to estimate genetic and phenotypic trends for carcass traits for three genotypes: dairy dam and dairy sire (D×D), dairy dam and beef sire (D×B) and beef dam and beef sire (B×B). Linear regression models were used to generate genetic and phenotypic trends for carcass weight, conformation and fat score for both cows and prime animals (i.e. never parented an animal). Phenotypic trends for age at slaughter were also estimated in prime animals. Results indicated that carcass weight increased genetically by 1.1 kg per year for B×B animals, but decreased by 0.14 and 0.39 kg per year for D×B and D×D animals, respectively. Phenotypic trends reflected the genetic trends for carcass weight for D×B and B×B animals, but the decline in genetic trends for carcass weight for D×D animals was not replicated in their phenotypic trends. Carcass conformation declined genetically by 0.02 and 0.05 units per year for D×D and D×B animals, respectively, and increased by 0.05 units per year for B×B animals. Phenotypic trends for conformation were similar to genetic trends. Carcass fat showed a decrease genetically for D×D and B×B, but remained constant for D×B animals, although this was not reflected in the phenotypic trends. Age at slaughter decreased phenotypically for all genotypes. Current breeding programmes have a favourable impact on carcass traits for B×B animals, but an unfavourable trend was observed for D×D and D×B animals.
The Partial Success of Judge Frankel’s Sentencing Commission, Fifty Years On
Authors: Frase Richard S.
Published: July 2023

Judge Marvin Frankel’s writings in the early 1970s inspired the creation of sentencing guidelines commissions and guidelines rules in twenty-two state and federal jurisdictions. By the late 1970s Frankel’s tentative proposals had been substantially filled out by other writers and reformers; the two most common guidelines models were adopted by Minnesota (1980) and Pennsylvania (1982). The federal guidelines (1987) have been justly criticized, but most state guidelines have been accepted by judges and other practitioners and observers. This sentencing reform model has also been endorsed by the American Bar Association and the American Law Institute. This essay tells the story of how Judge Frankel’s proposal evolved, where and how it was adopted, and how well it has stood the test of time. The essay concludes that Frankel’s critique of unregulated judicial and parole discretion was, and is, correct—such lawless, haphazard deprivation of offenders’ liberty and life chances is unacceptable in any legal system claiming to be governed by the rule of law. The essay further argues that well-developed guidelines, based on Frankel’s elaborated proposal and as implemented in several states, provide the best and indeed the only proven way to meaningfully address the problems of sentencing and parole disparity that Frankel so eloquently identified. But he would want and expect guideline systems to continue to evolve, thoughtfully and steadily coming closer to the shared goals of fair, balanced, and cost-effective punishment. The essay therefore proposes several further reforms, any of which would improve even the best state guideline systems.
Introducing and Applying Guiding Principles to Strongly Limit Incarcerative Sentencing
Authors: Nelson Marta
Published: July 2023

Our addictions to carceral sentences take away people’s freedom, reduce safety through weakening communities, and disproportionately target Black people because our nation’s conceptions of who needs to be punished, deterred, or locked away are so tied to anti-Blackness. There is a better way. Vera’s February 2023 paper “A New Paradigm for Sentencing in the United States” puts forth new guidance about what it means for sentencing to “work,” freed from the weight of the previous rationales of retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation, which as practiced are unsupported by evidence and capable of such harm. The new guidance asks legislators devising sentences, prosecutors requesting them, judges setting them, and the public to whom these actors all answer to measure how well sentencing works by three measures: Does it privilege liberty? Does it make individuals and communities safer, according to rigorous, ongoing research about the nexus between carceral sentences and safety? Does it repair the harm caused by unlawful behavior, informed by what crime survivors need? This essay shares the rationale behind this suggested guidance, followed by recommendations as to how the guidance might play out in specific legislative proposals, and as a more aspirational North Star in which sentences to incarceration are strongly limited.
Doing Injustice
Authors: Tonry Michael
Published: July 2023

Marvin Frankel’s characterization of American sentencing in Criminal Sentences: Law Without Order remarkably successfully distilled ideas that were in the air and emerging. His main proposals—a sentencing commission, sentencing rules, requirements that judges explain their decisions, and meaningful appellate sentence review—would in a better America go a long way toward establishing the kind of rational, humane, and just process he imagined. Despite some early, partial successes, however, Frankel’s proposals remain largely untested. In retrospect, he underestimated, misunderstood, or chose to ignore formidable political impediments to serious sentencing reform in late twentieth century America. He also largely ignored two intractable problems, America’s extraordinarily long maximum and often—his word— bizarre authorized prison sentences and the overweening powers, then and more now, of American prosecutors. Despite all that, Criminal Sentences is a remarkable accomplishment. The ideas were ahead of their time. The writing is simple, clear, often witty, sometimes eloquent, an exemplar of good writing for lay people about legal subjects. In some gentler, kinder future its proposals may show the way to creation of American sentencing systems that take justice and human dignity seriously.
Effect of pH on the morphology of TiO2 nanostructures
Authors:   Department of Physics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore - 641022, Tamilnadu, India, Vasanthapriya R. , Neelakandeswari N. ,   Department of Chemistry, Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College, Pollachi 642 001, India, Uthayarani K. ,   Department of Physics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore - 641022, Tamilnadu, India, Chitra M. ,   Department of Physics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore - 641022, Tamilnadu, India
Published: July 2023

Titanium oxide (TiO2) nanostructures with different morphologies ranging from spheres, rods to sheets were prepared using solvothermal route. The effects of pH on the structural, morphological and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated. Nanostructures are characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR), Powder X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning electron Microscope (SEM) and UV- Visible Spectroscopy.
Activismos ambientalistas juveniles en Patagonia (Argentina): interseccionalidad territorial y articulación con los movimientos feministas e indígenas
Authors: Yanniello Florencia
Published: July 2023

El artículo analiza la participación de los/as jóvenes en los conflictos socioambientales en la Patagonia argentina, poniendo particular énfasis en los cambios discursivos, teniendo en cuenta la articulación de los lenguajes de contienda de corte ambientalista con los lenguajes de los feminismos y los movimientos indígenas. Se abordó el caso de los/as jóvenes del colectivo Pu Choyün que, junto a la asamblea socioambiental “Jacobacci por el Agua y el Territorio”, se organizan ante la amenaza del proyecto de explotación minera de oro y plata en la zona de Calcatreu, en la localidad de Ingeniero Jacobacci (Río Negro, Argentina). Desde un enfoque etnográfico y tomando herramientas del Análisis Crítico de Discurso, se analizó el replanteo en los modos de circulación de sentidos sobre el activismo que subyace de los discursos de los/as jóvenes. El análisis da cuenta de la construcción emergente de una nueva trayectoria de militancia en el ámbito ambiental y de los marcos de interpretación en los que ésta argumenta sus demandas y despliega sus subjetivaciones políticas.
Fracturas metabólicas del extractivismo forestal en comunidades campesinas: caso Tomé, Chile
Authors: Suazo Caamaño Nicolás , Torres Salinas Robinson
Published: July 2023

El avance de la frontera extractivista viene generando serias fracturas en el metabolismo sociedad-naturaleza a nivel planetario, especialmente en el Sur Global. Territorios y culturas campesinas latinoamericanas están siendo asediadas por diversas actividades económicas primarias para la exportación, que quiebran sus ciclos de sostenibilidad de la vida. El presente trabajo se focaliza en analizar múltiples fracturas territoriales generadas por el extractivismo forestal. Desde un marco conceptual de la sociología ambiental y la ecología política, y con evidencia basada en entrevistas y documentos cuantitativos del área rural de Tomé en el sur de Chile, argumentamos que el extractivismo forestal ha fracturado de múltiples maneras el metabolismo socioambiental. Los resultados evidencian las fracturas a través de cuatro procesos interrelacionados: apropiación corporativa de tierras y degradación de suelos, incertidumbre hídrica, contaminación por fumigación y agrotóxicos, y creciente amenaza de incendios forestales. Se concluye que el monocultivo forestal ha fracturado el metabolismo socioambiental entre comunidades campesinas y las condiciones naturales de su existencia, generando una separación creciente del campesinado de sus tierras, aguas, amenazando además la reproducción de la vida a causa de la contaminación del territorio producto del uso de agroquímicos e incendios forestales asociados a la falta de agua y extensión territorial de los monocultivos.
Imaginarios y representaciones emergentes en un territorio despojado de agua
Authors: D’Atri Andrea Marina
Published: July 2023

La provincia de La Pampa, ubicada en la franja árida y semiárida de la República Argentina, no es ajena a los problemas ocasionados por la escasez de agua. A la condición geomorfológica y climática propia de estos territorios, se añaden procesos históricos de intervención social y política sobre sus aguas superficiales. Estos, se refieren a decisiones tecnocráticas en relación con la regulación de los ríos, las cuales afectan al territorio y generan modificaciones no solo socioambientales. En este artículo, nos proponemos interpretar los imaginarios y representaciones sociales emergentes en las comunidades campesinas que viven en el noroeste de la provincia de La Pampa, donde confluyen el río Atuel y Salado, de la cuenca del Desaguadero-Salado-Chadileuvú-Curacó. En particular, analizamos la significación que construye la población que reside en la ribera del Atuel, caracterizada en la actualidad procesos de desertización, con motivo del embalse del río en su naciente en la vecina provincia de Mendoza. Percepciones relativas a dos planos de sentido: uno concreto vinculado al agua como recurso vital y oportunidad a futuro, y otro imaginario, donde el agua es ideada desde sentidos de deseos y rechazo, conforman imaginarios y representaciones sociales emergentes. Para efectuar el análisis, utilizamos una metodología cualitativa, tomando herramientas de la hermenéutica. Al final, consignamos la presencia de significaciones emergentes de olvido y negación del agua. Estas, se relacionan con temores debido a experiencias negativas y nuevas prácticas sociales, motivadas, por un lado, a momentos de inundaciones de cauces de agua desdibujados ante el desecamiento progresivo y, luego, anegados temporalmente, y a la escasez a la que las comunidades se vieron obligadas a enfrentarse en el largo periodo que va de fines de la década del cuarenta del siglo XX a la actualidad.
Introduction to the study of public procurement in the USA
Authors: Benavides Mendoza Gissette Carolina , Quintero O’meara Miguel José
Published: July 2023

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Public procurement for social responsibility and inclusion of persons with disabilities
Authors: Gómez Monterroza Luis Adrián , Quintero O’meara Miguel José
Published: July 2023

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Optimization of 6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone production by solid state fermentation using sugarcane bagasse as residue
Authors: Ladeira Natalia C. , Peixoto Vania Jordão , Penha Manoela Pessanha , Barros Elisabete Barbosa de Paula , Leite Selma Gomes Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Solid state fermentation (SSF) has been used as a model for the study of metabolism and physiology of microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to enhance 6-PP production by Trichoderma harzianum 4040 in solid state fermentation using sugarcane bagasse as a residue. A fractional factorial design was used to select the components of the nutrient solution. The fermentation was carried out during 9 days, and the aroma extraction was done on the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth days using organic solvent. On the seventh day the major concentration of 6-PP was found. The variables glucose, sucrose, and MgSO4 were found to be significant statistically (p> 0.05) as components of the nutrient solution used in the production of 6-PP by filamentous fungi in SSF using sugarcane bagasse as a residue. GC-MS was used for quantification of 6-PP aroma.