bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the Educational Background Level and Quality of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Sinitsa Arseniy
Published: October 2021

The article considers the age and the educational structures of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North (ISNPN). Considerable attention is paid to the peculiarities of the development of the education system that are associated with the preserving of the ISNPN identity.The Object of the Study. The indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North.The Subject of the Study. The educational level of the ISNPN and causes that prevent its increasing.The Purpose of the Study. Studying the dynamics of the age and educational structures of the ISNPN population and determining the problems of the development of the educational system for the ISNPN.The main Provisions of the Article. The most significant problem for the ISNPN at present is preserving their identity while they integrate into up-to-date society. If the education system takes into account the ethnic peculiarities of children it can be a tool for the resolution of such a contradiction. The second most important problem is the young age structure of the ISNPN with an educational level below the national average even despite its noticeable increase after 2002 and the low availability of quality education. This leads to economic losses due to inefficient use of labour resources adapted to live and work in the harsh conditions of the North as well as to social ones, which is expressed in a lower value of the level of human capital of the ISNPN. The third problem is underestimating peculiarities of the development of ISNPN in educational programs, which makes it difficult to them to assimilate knowledge. To solve these problems, a set of measures is being implemented. It includes several directions. First, the training of pedagogical personnel intended for work with indigenous peoples is carried out, and children and teachers are taught the ISNPN languages. Second, an education system that allows you to combine home schooling and education in a boarding-type educational institution as well as help to adapt to life in a big city is being created. Third, forms of education that are engaged in vocational orientation are developing (for example, agroschools). Nevertheless, in spite of the great need for workers with vocational education, their number is clearly fewer at the moment than the ISNPN require, and the measures, that are implemented to preserve their identity, are not sufficient
The Dictatorship of Appearance or Simulation in Present-Day "Democracies" against the Background of the Market Ecocide of the Foundations of Human Life on Earth
Authors: Subetto Aleksandr
Published: October 2021

It is proved that the current era is characterized by many governments around the world as dictatorship of "appearance" or "simulation" of the most activities transforming politics, even the tragic events like local ecological catastrophes, local wars, "colour revolutions", the elections in a "theatre", "acting", on the background of market ecocide – really accelerating processes of the first phase of a Global Environmental Disaster, which, at the transition "point of no return" in the near future, may turn into a process of irreversible environmental destruction of all mankind. This dictatorship of "appearance" or simulation as a "curtain" market democracy, hiding the capitalism-led, process of dehumanization of man, is an indicator of the inadequacy of states and political "elites" imperative of survival of mankind, as the imperative out of the ecological impasse of history in market-capitalist format. There comes a reckoning for this departure into the " market-capitalist illusion of apparent prosperity. The societies of the world, including Rossiya, have faced a dilemma:either environmental destruction, or the Noosphere Breakthrough, which, in its essence, is a change in the social organization of social life and its reproduction – the transition from the dominance of capitalism and the market to the Noosphere Ecological Spiritual Socialism on the basis of scientific and educational society and the management of socionatural evolution.
Development of the Mechanism for Regulating Low Income from Employment as a Trend of Increasing the Living Standards of Population of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Zlenko Yelena
Published: October 2021

The Arctic has a special place in the strategy of socioeconomic development of Russia. The strategic tasks outlined at the present stage imply the integrated development of the Arctic, achieving positive changes in the economy and the social sphere, raising the standard of living and the role of income from employment in ensuring the livelihoods of the population. The article is devoted to the mechanism of regulation of low income from employment, considered in the framework of improving the living standards of citizens living and working in the Arctic.The Object of the Study. Arctic living standardsThe Subject of the Study. Regulating low incomes from employment of the Arctic populationThe Purpose of the Study. Development of a mechanism for regulating low income from employment in the Arctic in order to improve the living standards of the populationThe Main Provisions of the Article. Low income from employment negatively affects the standards of living of the population. In the Arctic, the situation is aggravated by a weak social infrastructure, high cost of living, and territorial remoteness from developed industrial centres. Low labour incomes are causing low-income households and high social risks. The current system of state guarantees and compensations, designed to reimburse additional material and physiological costs in connection with work and living in extreme climatic conditions, does not eliminate the problem of low incomes. The economic effect of district coefficients and northern allowances for seniority is insufficient for this. The lack of incentives for social and economic feasibility to live and work in harsh northern conditions leads to undesirable trends in migration processes. The continued outflow of population is a big problem for the modern Arctic.An important policy for improving the living standards of the population is an effective policy for regulating low income from employment. The key role is played by the mechanism for regulating wages and its criteria basis. Their development is focused on the two-dimensional system of social criteria of low-income considered in the work, which is formed on the basis of consumer budgets – the cost of living and the socially acceptable (recovery) consumer budget. The paper gives suggestions for the creation of Arctic systems of remuneration and taxation of business.
The Quality of Education at a Key Factor of the Population’s Living Standards (Exemplified by the Statistical Analysis of the Canadian Education System)
Authors: Radchenko Oleg
Published: October 2021

The Object of the Study. Canadian system of education The Subject of the Study. Conditions and factors of post-secondary education in Canada, its impact on the individual students ' educational and professional pathways, their academic success and educational attainment as a basis for achieving the desired quality of lifeThe Purpose of the Study is analyzing longitudinal experiments data carried out by Canadian researchers to identify the interrelation of the living standard and educational trajectories developed by graduates of different school types, as well as the data placed on the Longitudinal platform of education and labour market and the official website of the Canadian national statistical agency reflecting the socioeconomic situation of different groups of young people in Canada, their success in the given educational and professional environment.The Basiс Theoretical and Empirical Aspects of the Article: The article offers an analysis of a number of statistical longitudinal observations carried out by Canadian researchers on the situation of the country`s educational system, the impact of education in private schools on the Canadian youth’s further academic achievements and professional success in comparison with the situation in public schools, in particular; on the role of the educational level of students’ parents as a factor determining a subsequent professional success of the young Canadian generation; the actual financial conditions of the Canadian higher education ,and the current dependence of a young professional’s living standards on a specific educational area.
Informal Employment: Identifying, Place and Role, Vectors of Transformation. A Discourse at the 14th Annual International Conference of the European Network on Regional Labour Market Monitoring (EN RLMM) (Moskva, 3–4 October 2019)
Authors: Bobkov Vyacheslav , Bobkov Nikolay
Published: October 2021

The article deals with conceptions of the nature and reasons of informal employment presented in the reports at the International Confrence of EN RLMM in Moskva, 3–4 October 2019.
The Object of the article are workers who are not members of the staff of organizations or are engaged in those without signing an official labour contract and thus representing informal employment in official and latent economy.
The Subject of the Article are labour and business relations regulating informal employment in various countries.
The Purpose of the Article is comprehending differences in economic relations of informal employment in the international scientific and practical association, exposing discussion problems and outlining possible directions of rapprochment of scientific positions in identifying informal employment.
The Main Results of the Article consist of the review of the ideas of the speakers of the conference in question on the problems of economic essence of informal employment and the classifications of the present-day standard and non-standard employment suggested by them.
Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z dnia 7 grudnia 2017 roku w sprawie C-329/16
Authors: Cichocka Hanna
Published: October 2021

Tekst odnosi się do problemu klasyfikacji oprogramowania medycznego jako wyrobu medycznego. Autor popiera stanowisko Trybunału Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej — wyrażone w sprawie C-329/16 z dnia 7 grudnia 2017 roku — które odnosi się do tego, że oprogramowanie medyczne może stanowić w świetle prawa wyrób medyczny bez względu na to, czy bezpośrednio oddziałuje na ludzkie ciało. Co ważne, oprogramowanie to musi być czymś więcej niż systemem wyłącznie zbierającym dane pacjentów. Takie oprogramowanie medyczne wymaga specjalistycznego celu oraz umiejscowienia w określonym kontekście medycznym.
Characteristics of Newborns from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Portuguese Hospital
Authors: Ferreira Marta , Garcia Catarina , Barroso Rosalina
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Guidance for pregnant women has been particularly problematic since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and their newborns.Material and Methods: Case review of clinical records of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted for delivery and their newborns from April to December 2020 at a hospital in the Lisbon metropolitan area.Results: From 1755 births, 81 (4.6%) were from SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers. Most (83.9%) were term newborns. Almost 16% were preterm, while there was an overall prematurity rate of 9.9%. Most women (88.6%) were asymptomatic. Rooming-in occurred in 80.8% cases and 19.2% newborns were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. From the total, 56.7% newborns were breastfed from birth and 43% had mixed feeding. None of the newborns had symptoms related to COVID-19 infection, and all had negative rt-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 at birth and at 48 hours of life. The majority (85.2%) was discharged home with their mothers.Discussion: Pregnant women with COVID-19 have shown immune characteristics resembling healthy pregnancies, and it is not yet clear if SARS-CoV-2 can be vertically transmitted. Recent updates on neonatal guidance now recommend rooming-in and support the relative safety of breastfeeding.Conclusion: This study supports other published articles regarding maternal and neonatal outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women, including the absence of short-term adverse outcomes with rooming-in and breastfeeding.
Sternal Fracture Fixation with a Steel Wire: The New “Timala” Technique
Authors: Timala Rabindra Bhakta , Panthee Nirmal
Published: October 2021

Purpose Traumatic sternal fractures are rare but quite disabling injuries. Timely fixation of sternal fractures reduces pain and prevents respiratory complications. However, the fixation technique should be simple, effective, and readily available in local circumstances. Methods From January 2014 to March 2020, seven patients with sternal fracture/ dislocation underwent steel wire fixation with the new “Timala” technique. In this technique, adjacent ribs are anchored with two steel wires to form an “X” in front of the fractured segment of the sternum. Patients were followed up clinically and radiologically. Results Six of the patients were men and one was a female. Five of them had injuries due to falls and two were injured in road traffic accidents. Their age ranged from 18 years to 76 years, with a median age of 41 years. All seven patients experienced immediate recovery from pain and showed evidence of fracture healing on postoperative chest X-rays and clinical examinations. Conclusions Anchoring ribs to fix the sternum with steel wire is a safe, effective, easily available, and reproducible method to fix sternal fractures or dislocations.
Extra-Pericardial Tamponade due to Internal Thoracic Artery Rupture after Blunt Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Noh Dongsub , Chang Sung Wook , Ma Dae Sung
Published: October 2021

Cardiac tamponade is an acute life-threatening condition that predominantly involves the intra-pericardial space; however, an expanding mediastinal hematoma can also sometimes cause cardiac tamponade. Here we describe the case of a 45-year-old male driver in whom a traffic accident resulted in rupture of the left internal thoracic artery (ITA), extra-pericardial hematoma, and sternal fracture. After resuscitation, he was scheduled to undergo angio-embolization to repair the ruptured left ITA, but he suddenly developed cardiac tamponade that required a decompressive sternotomy. Nevertheless, the patient had an uncomplicated recovery, and this case suggests that extra-pericardial cardiac tamponade should be considered as a possible consequence of retro-sternal hematoma due to traumatic ITA rupture.
El papel de la tributación en el desarrollo económico
Authors: Kaldor Nicholas
Published: October 2021

En este ensayo Nicholas Kaldor realiza un análisis profundo sobre las formas de incentivar el desarrollo en los países subdesarrollados, en particular los de América Latina, mediante políticas fiscales que permitan una tributación justa, equitativa y efectiva. De esta manera, estudia diversos tipos de impuestos y su potencial para el objetivo del artículo, como aquellos sobre la renta, sobre la tierra, sobre los productos, así como para las empresas extranjeras, con el fin de que se retribuya realmente a los países.
¿El que pierde gana? La guerra comercial sino-estadunidense en perspectiva
Authors: Herrera Rémy , Long Zhiming , Feng Zhixuan , Li Bangxi
Published: October 2021

Después de una presentación de la evolución de la balanza comercial sino-estadunidense (sección I), proponemos dos métodos para medir el intercambio desigual entre los Estados Unidos y China: uno en consideración del contenido laboral directamente incorporado en el intercambio (sección II); el otro, inspirado en Ricci (2018), se centra en el valor internacional y utiliza tablas de entradas-salidas (sección III), lo que permite esbozar una síntesis de análisis sectorial (sección IV).
Inversión pública y privada en México: ¿motores complementarios del crecimiento económico?
Authors: Gutiérrez Cruz Francisco Salvador , Moreno Brid Juan Carlos , Sánchez Gómez Joaquín
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo analiza la evolución de la formación bruta de capital fijo en México, en especial, las interacciones entre la privada y la pública, y su relación con el ritmo de crecimiento económico en el periodo de 1960 a 2018. El trabajo está organizado de la siguiente forma. La introducción presenta en detalle el propósito del estudio. La sección I examina la discusión teórica en torno a la inversión pública y la privada, así como sus interrelaciones complementarias o competitivas. La siguiente sección presenta la metodología seguida para el análisis empírico; explica aspectos clave en la construcción de las series de datos que se realizaron, siempre con base en fuentes oficiales. Como ahí se explica, el análisis empírico cubrió dos esfuerzos complementarios de validación: el primero se basa en modelos contables de flujos de fondos para el cálculo de multiplicadores keynesianos de la inversión sobre el producto interno bruto (PIB), para subperiodos seleccionados: 1) la etapa de industrialización liderada por el Estado (1960-1981) y 2) la de reformas de mercado ya en plena operación (1988-2018). El segundo esfuerzo recurrió a la econometría moderna de series de tiempo —sobra decir que se basan en los mismos datos del primer ejercicio— a fin de conmensurar las interrelaciones entre la inversión privada y la pública en la trayectoria de crecimiento de la economía mexicana. Las conclusiones se presentan en la última sección, mismas que, a nuestro juicio, aportan insumos relevantes para entender mejor la interacción entre la inversión privada y la pública en el proceso de crecimiento económico de México, y con ello, quizá, para diseñar mejor una agenda de desarrollo encaminada a sacar al país de la trampa de lento crecimiento en la que lleva sumido décadas.
THE EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND SATISFACTION ON LOYALTY IN MEMBERS OF “KSPPS BMT MANDIRI SEJAHTERA JAWA TIMUR”
Authors: Krismonicha Ferdian Dwi , Prasetyo Ari
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan mengetahui kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas anggota “KSPPS BMT Mandiri Sejahtera Jawa Timur” secara parsial dan simultan dengan data dari hasil kuisioner secara aksidental dengan sampel 100 anggota BMT dan diuji instrumen. Pengujian regresi berganda Y = a + b1.x1 +b2.x2 menghasilkan persamaan regresi berganda Y = 3,793 + 0,316 + 0,477, uji asumi klasik (normalitas multikoliniearitas, heteroskedastistas), dan uji hipotesis berdasar uji T ditemukan hipotesis pertama dan kedua diterima, kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan masing-masing memengaruhi loyalitas dengan kualitas pelayanan lebih dominan mempengaruhi loyalitas. Hasil simultan hipotesis uji F kedua variabel bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas.Kata Kunci: Kualitas Pelayanan, Kepuasan, Loyalitas, Baitul Maal Tamwil. ABSTRACTThe purpose of the study is to find out whether service quality and satisfaction affect the loyalty of members of "KS PPS BMT Mandiri Sejahtera East Java" partially and simultaneously with data from the accidental questionnaire results, with a sample of 100 BMT members and tested by using some instruments. The multiple regression test of Y = a + b1.x1 +b2.x2 gave the multiple regression equation of Y = 3.793 + 0.316 + 0.477, and classic assumption test (multicollinearity normality, heteroscedasticity), and hypothesis testing based T- test found that the first and second hypotheses are accepted, and service quality and satisfaction each influence loyalty with service quality more dominantly affects loyalty. The simultaneous results of the two variables of F test hypothesis together have an effect on loyalty.Keywords: Service Quality, Satisfaction, Loyalty, Baitul Maal Tamwil
IMPLEMENTASI HALAL TRACEABILITY SUPPLY CHAIN DENGAN MODEL SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATION REFERENCE (SCOR) INDUSTRI MAKANAN HALAL
Authors: Dilla Zahro Ubay , Fathurohman Muhamad Said
Published: October 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan hasil implementasi dari sistem halal traceability supply chain pada produk makanan halal pengolahan daging di perusahaan Ternaknesia Farm Innovation. Analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan model Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) sebagai model utama dalam pengembangan halal traceability supply chain. Perusahaan ini tengah mengembangkan sistem jaminan ketelusurah halal (halal traceability supply chain) pada produk daging yang dijual nya dengan membuat model bisnis Ternaknesia 2.0 yang berkelanjutan sebagai perusahaan pertama di wilayah Surabaya Jawa Timur yang memiliki sistem halal traceability. Hasil identifikasi atas Implementasi dari halal traceability supply chain menunjukan bahwa penerapan sistem halal traceability di perusahaan mampu meminimalisir terjadinya ancaman kontaminasi zat haram yang ditelusuri dari implementasi pada proses model SCOR yaitu plan,resource,make, deliver return, dan enable dengan mengembangkan konsep halal dan thoyyib pada produk daging halal yang dijual. Teknologi yang digunakan dalam implementasi pelacakan proses ketertelusuran halal atau halal traceability system yaitu dengan penggunaan label QR Barcode Scan dan didukung penggunakan EPICS code pada produk daging halal yang dijual di perusahaan, sehingga memberikan jaminan ketelusuran halal rantai pasok kepada konsumen. Kata Kunci: halal traceability supply chain dan makanan halal. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to describe the results of the implementation of the halal traceability supply chain system on halal food products for meat processing at the Ternaknesia Farm Innovation company. The analysis in this study uses the Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) model as the main model in the development of halal traceability supply chain. The company is developing a halal traceability supply chain guarantee system for the meat products it sells by creating a sustainable Ternaknesia 2.0 business model as the first company in the Surabaya area of East Java to have a halal traceability system. The results of the identification of the implementation of the halal traceability supply chain show that the implementation of the halal traceability system in the company is able to minimize the threat of contamination of illicit substances traced from the implementation of the SCOR model process, namely plan, resource, make, deliver return, and enable by developing the concept of halal and thoyyib. on halal meat products sold. The technology used in the implementation of tracking the halal traceability system is the use of a QR Barcode Scan label and supported by the use of the EPICS code on halal meat products sold in the company, thus providing guarantees for supply chain halal traceability to consumers.Keywords: halal traceability supply chain and halal meat products.
Assessment of energy characteristics of residential building and certification of energy efficiency
Authors: Shovkaliuk M. , Mykyta Y.
Published: October 2021

The cost of maintaining the construction fund in Ukraine is several times higher than in European countries. Given Ukraine's energy dependence, increasing the energy efficiency of housing is an extremely important issue. The greatest effect in the existing apartment buildings is achieved only in the case of integrated implementation of energy saving measures for fencing structures, utilities and equipment, and such projects require significant funds. To obtain funding from various investment funds and to be able to participate in state or local funding programs, it is necessary to perform an energy audit and justify energy saving measures, to assess the energy efficiency class of the building. For this purpose, an energy survey was performed using instrumental and analytical methods, as well as modeling of energy consumption in a specialized software product Audytor OZC. The geometric, thermal and energy characteristics of the building have been specified. To increase the level of energy efficiency, a set of measures is proposed, the possibilities of attracting investments for the implementation of energy efficiency measures are studied. The technical and economic analysis with use of engineering methods of calculation, experimental measurements, modeling is executed. According to modern requirements, a certificate of energy efficiency has been developed and the change of energy efficiency class in case of implementation of measures has been assessed. The result of the implementation of measures will be a reduction in the total consumption of energy resources, as well as the cost of paying for them, improving the conditions of the microclimate. Social aspect: participation in the investment project will allow residents to gain practical experience in implementing various projects in compliance with norms and procedures, increase consumer awareness of improving the condition of the building, energy efficiency and opportunities to reduce environmental impact.
EFFICIENCY OF HEAT PUMP AND ADSORPTION SYSTEM OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY EQUIPMENT
Authors: Bezrodny М. , Maistrenko О.
Published: October 2021

The analysis of energy efficiency of heat pump-adsorption system of conservation of power equipment taking into account real processes of dehumidification and humidification of air in adsorption rotor in comparison with energy efficiency of standard system with electric heater of regenerative air is performed. The analysis shows that the heat pump-adsorption system is many times more energy-efficient under the condition of not only theoretical but also real (non-isoenthalpy) working processes in the adsorption rotor. It is also shown that there are optimal values of regeneration air temperature after the heat pump condenser at the inlet to the rotor, at which the energy efficiency of the heat pump-adsorption system reaches maximum values. It is established that the optimal values of regeneration air temperature change in a narrow range (at the level of 60...65 0С), and the maximum values of energy efficiency coefficient significantly decrease for a standard system with electric heater and increase for heat pump-adsorption system with decreasing ambient temperature.
Способи активації двовимірних систем AR-рендерінгу в практиці промоційних комунікацій
Authors: Щегельська Юлія Павлівна
Published: October 2021

У цій статті досліджено специфіку застосування двовимірних систем візуалізації проеційованого AR-контенту у промокомунікаційній практиці та класифіковано їх за способом активації.
Виявлено, що існує прямий взаємозв’язок між способом активації й алгоритмом функціонування систем 2D AR-рендерінгу та прийомами залучення споживачів у процес комунікації із брендами.
Встановлено, що запуск двовимірних систем AR-рендерінгу може відбуватися: 1) у безконтактний спосіб через датчики руху та/або звуку, а також через ємнісні сенсори наближення; 2) у контактний спосіб через електропровідні чорнила, сполучені із ємнісними датчиками дотику; 3) через нанесені на інстальованих предметах QR-коди, що діють як AR-маркери.
Дано авторське визначення терміна «2D AR-проекція» з урахуванням вищенаведених способів активації двовимірних систем рендерінгу доданої реальності та виявлено основні відмінності між відтворенням AR-проекцій на пласких поверхнях та кіно- й відеопроекцій.
Специфіку функціонування зазначених типів систем 2D AR-рендерінгу у практиці промокомунікацій досліджено на основі кейсів таких комерційних брендів як «Adidas», «Corteva», «Dalziel & Pow», «JCB» та «Volkswagen».
У підсумку встановлено, що незалежно від способу активації всі різновиди 2D AR-проекцій сприяють поглибленню зв’язку компаній із їх цільовою аудиторією та підвищенню лояльності споживачів до торгових марок, а також до пропонованих ними товарів і послуг. Своєю чергою, вищезазначене безпосередньо впливає на створення, збереження і збільшення пабліцитного та репутаційного капіталів заданого бренда як нематеріальних активів капіталізації підприємства й формування його стратегічних переваг у бізнес-середовищі.
An Updated Review of the Invasive Aedes Albopictus in the Americas; Geographical Distribution, Host Feeding Patterns, Arbovirus Infection, and the Potential for Vertical Transmission of Dengue Virus
Authors: Garcia-Rejon Julian E. , Navarro Juan-Carlos , Cigarroa-Toledo Nohemi , Baak-Baak Carlos M.
Published: October 2021

Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito native to Southeast Asia. Currently, it has a wide distribution in America where natural infection with arboviruses of medical and veterinary importance has been reported. In spite of their importance in the transmission of endemic arbovirus, basic information of parameters affecting their vectorial capacity is poorly investigated. The aim of the work was to update the distribution range of Ae. albopictus in the Americas, review the blood-feeding patterns and compare the minimum infection rate (MIR) of the dengue virus (DENV) between studies of vertical and horizontal transmission. The current distribution of Ae. albopictus encompasses 21 countries in the Americas. Extensive review has been conducted for the blood-feeding patterns of Ae. albopictus. The results suggest that the mosquito is capable of feeding on 16 species of mammals and five species of avian. Humans, dogs, and rats are the most common host. Eight arboviruses with the potential to infect humans and animals have been isolated in Ae. albopictus. In the United States of America (USA), Eastern equine encephalitis virus, Keystone virus, La Crosse Virus, West Nile virus, and Cache Valley virus were isolated in the Asian mosquito. In Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, and Costa Rica, DENV (all serotypes) has been frequently identified in field-caught Ae. albopictus. Overall, the estimated MIR in Ae. albopictus infected with DENV is similar between horizontal (10.95) and vertical transmission (8.28). However, in vertical transmission, there is a difference in the MIR values if the DENV is identified from larvae or adults (males and females emerged from a collection of eggs or larvae). MIR estimated from larvae is 14.04 and in adults is 4.04. In conclusion, it has to be highlighted that Ae. albopictus is an invasive mosquito with wide phenotypic plasticity to adapt to broad and new areas, it is highly efficient to transmit the DENV horizontally and vertically, it can participate in the inter-endemic transmission of the dengue disease, and it can spread zoonotic arboviruses across forest and urban settings.
Anthropocene: Does the New Geological Age push towards a Metamorphosis of the World
Authors: Ortega Jordi Lopez
Published: October 2021

The Anthropocene has created a new cartography. Various disciplines and discourses overlap each other. Two fields of knowledge: geology and anthropology are unified in one single concept. The Axial Age separated everyday practices from an unbiased and objective view of the world. Romanticism, in the nineteenth century, challenged the separation between the natural sciences and the sciences of the spirit. Paul J. Crutzen and Eugene Stoermer had two distinct parts; a first establishes "a period of time" the second an "epistemic tool". This paper is intended to illustrate the epistemological dimension of the Anthropocene. The Anthropocene defines the present geological epoch as dominated by humans. Eduard Suess, Antonio Stopani, Teilhard de Chardin, Vladimir Vernadsky etc., a century ago, anticipated the concept of Anthropocene. "Noösphere" is a term from the "world of thought". The hypothesis of an earth as a living organism, which is inspired by J.W. Goethe's "Naturwissenschaft", allows two disciplines to be inte-grated into one term: geology and anthropology. We have atmospheric phenomena that are in-compressible without presupposing life. The Anthropocene modifies the foundations of our vi-sion of the world. In the Gaia Hypothesis we find the same roots as in the Anthropocene concept: Goethe, Vernadky, etc. The concepts of symbiogenesis, homeostasis, etc., allow us to formulate new questions. This paper analyzes the reconfiguration of relations between the earth and all its inhabitants. It is, for the social sciences, a challenge: a metamorphosis of our vision of the world is taking place.
Consequences of COVID-19 Confinement for Teachers: Family-Work Interactions, Technostress, and Perceived Organizational Support
Authors: Solís-García Patricia , Lago-Urbano Rocío , Real-Castelao Sara
Published: October 2021

The confinement experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a rethink of the teaching-learning process to which teachers have responded without planning and instead using their resources. This study aims to analyze the relationships between work-family interactions, technostress, and perceived organizational support in teachers during the confinement period in Spain that began in March 2020. An online survey was administered to 640 pre-school, primary, and secondary school teachers. Positive reciprocal work-family interactions and their relationship with organizational support were found, with differences according to gender, with women showing a more negative perception of the impact on the family. There were no marked levels of technostress in the overall sample, although higher levels of perceived ineffectiveness and skepticism were found in teachers aged 46 years or older. Teachers in private and subsidized schools showed a higher level of perceived support than those in public schools. There is a need to continue this work to verify the values of these dimensions in other contexts and to apply institutional measures and public policies to improve these indicators in this group.
Identification of Key Proteins in the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres Associated Promyelocytic Leukemia Nuclear Bodies
Authors: Armendáriz-Castillo Isaac , Hidalgo-Fernández Katherine , Pérez-Villa Andy , García-Cárdenas Jennyfer , López-Cortés Andrés , Guerrero Santiago
Published: October 2021

One of the hallmarks of the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) is the association with Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) Nuclear Bodies, known as APBs. In the last years, APBs have been described as the main place where telomeric extension occurs in ALT positive cancer cell lines. A different set of proteins have been associated with APBs function, however, the molecular mechanisms behind their assembly, colocalization, and clustering of telomeres, among others, remain unclear. To improve the understanding of APBs in the ALT pathway, we integrated multi-omics analyses to evaluate genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic alterations, and functional interactions of 71 APBs-related genes/proteins in 32 PanCancer Atlas studies from The Cancer Genome Atlas Consortium (TCGA). As a result, we identified 13 key proteins which showed distinctive mutations, interactions, and functional enrichment patterns across all the cancer types and proposed this set of proteins as candidates for future ex vivo and in vivo analyses that will validate these proteins to improve the understanding of the ALT pathway, fill the current research gap about APBs function and their role in ALT, and be considered as potential therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ALT positive cancers in the future.
Road to Success: A Guide for Doctoral Students and Junior Faculty
Authors: Venkatesh Viswanath
Published: October 2021

This book provides guidance and tools to help PhD students and junior faculty members successfully navigate and mature through the various stages of an academic career. Senior faculty members can use this book as a source of ideas to advise their PhD students and junior colleagues. This book presents knowledge that is seldom imparted in PhD programs, and organizes the same as advice and tools related to achieving success at research, teaching and service, all while maintaining work-life balance. The advice and tools provided are based on years of experience of the author and guest contributors, who have successfully navigated many of the same challenges and mentored many PhD students and junior faculty members. This book is suitable both for those who seek careers in research universities or universities that promote greater balance across research, teaching and service.
Abstract OR-1: Condensed DNA Architecture in a Nucleoid of Escherichia coli
Authors: Krupyanskii Yurii , Loiko Nataliya , Sokolova Olga
Published: October 2021

Background: Bacterial genomic DNA interacts with nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) and is located in a highly condensed and functional organized form in the nucleoid of the cell. The structure of the bacterial nucleoid is still awaiting its determination in high resolution. However, recent intensive research showed that condensed DNA in the bacterial nucleoid has a complex, hierarchically organized structure. Such architecture may only exist as a result of dynamic structural rearrangements, which characterize actively growing bacteria. Changes in environmental conditions are perceived by bacteria as stress. In the stationary phase caused by nutrient depletion, energy production processes become inefficient. Bacteria in the stationary phase use an energy-independent mechanism for maintaining an order to protect the DNA: the creation of stable structures, like those in inanimate nature. Cells develop into dormant forms that differ significantly in the structural organization from growing cells. Methods: Electron microscopy and synchrotron radiation diffraction studies were used to reveal distinct forms of DNA condensation in dormant E. coli cells. Results: The study made it possible to find the intracellular nanocrystalline, liquid crystalline, and folded nucleosome-like DNA structures, which were observed and described for the first time. Conclusion: The results of experiments made it possible to visualize the structures of the lower hierarchical tier of DNA compaction in the nucleoid of dormant cells. We hypothesized that the heterogeneity of bacterial cells allows for a flexible response to environmental changes and to surviving stress situations. Multiple types of DNA condensation in the same dormant E. coli cell increase the chances for rapid resumption of growth when conditions turn back to favorable.
Abstract P-13: Structural Studies of Insulin Receptor-Related Receptor Ectodomain
Authors: Mozhaev Andrey , Pichkur Evgeny , Deyev Igor , Mileshina Ekaterina , Orekhov Anton , Vasiliev Alexander , Petrenko Alexander
Published: October 2021

Background: The insulin receptor-related receptor (IRR) was originally discovered due to its high homology to the other family members (insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor). We determined that IRR can be activated by mildly alkaline extracellular media and has typical features of the ligand-receptor interaction, including its specificity and dose-dependence. Since pH-sensitive properties of IRR are determined by its ectodomain; therefore, we chose as an option to study the soluble extracellular domain IRR. Methods: The investigation carried out in Titan Krios 60-300 TEM/STEM (FEI, USA) CryoEM, equipped with direct electron detector Falcon II (FEI, USA) and Cs image corrector (CEOS, Germany), at an accelerating voltage of 300 kV. Data processing and 3D reconstruction were carried out using computing resources of the Federal Collective Usage Center Complex for Simulation and Data Processing for Mega-Science Facilities at NRC “Kurchatov Institute.” Results: The obtained 2D classifications of particles of the ectodomain IRR at a neutral pH form several 3D models. This indicates that the ectodomain has several possible conformations, which is consistent with our previously obtained data using SEC-SAXS and AFM. In the future, additional careful data processing is required, as well as studies of the IRR ectodomain in mildly alkaline pH. Conclusion: In this study, we presented the structural characteristics of the IRR ectodomain obtained by CryoEM. These results are an important step towards understanding the mechanism of functioning of the IRR.
Abstract P-15: Cryo-Electron Microscopy Study of Dehydrogenase Complexes Interaction with Oxidative Phosphorylation System Supercomplex
Authors: Plokhikh Konstantin , Kamyshinsky Roman , Chesnokov Yury , Nesterov Semen , Vasilov Raif , Yaguzhinsky Lev
Published: October 2021

Background: Electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDC) are important elements in mitochondrial metabolism. The localization of the aforementioned protein complexes differs since oxidative phosphorylation complexes are membrane proteins, while dehydrogenase complexes (DCs) are contained in the mitochondrial matrix. Our previous cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) studies showed the existence of a full oxidative phosphorylation system supercomplex consisting of ETC complexes and ATP synthases (Nesterov et al., 2021). Literature data also shows the binding of fatty acid oxidation enzymes to ETC complex I (Wang et al., 2010). Although it has long been shown that PDCs can bind to complex I (Sumegi et al., 1984) in vitro, this has not been visualized directly in mitochondria and the binding mechanisms are still unknown. Methods: The mitochondria were isolated from Wistar rat heart ventricles according to a standard procedure (Nesterov et al., 2021). The dense mitochondrial suspension was diluted to ~0.3mg/ml in a respiration medium. Phosphorylation was started 10 minutes prior to vitrification. Experimental data was obtained by cryo-ET using Titan Krios and processed with IMOD and RELION. Results: The tomograms show that the significant part of DCs is localized near the inner membrane of partially destroyed mitochondria in an array-like fashion. Sole PDCs and KGDCs can be identified on the images and their position appears to be close to ETC complex I. Subtomogram averaging of close to the membrane DCs showed that there is no specific density between them, suggesting that they are not linked with identical proteins or that this link may be soft. Significant damage to the mitochondrial membrane leads to the formation of membrane-unbound DCs fraction. It suggests that coupling of DCs with ETC complexes can be controlled in vivo by the topology of the inner mitochondrial membrane and the volume of the mitochondrial matrix. Conclusion: The obtained results show a possibility of unprecedentedly large multienzyme complex formation, including almost all main mitochondrial metabolic systems. Although cryo-ET of partially destroyed mitochondria showed close localization of PDC and KGDC to complex I, further studies are required in intact mitochondria. The mechanism of their binding also remains an open question.
Efeitos Adversos: um olhar a partir das Políticas Públicas para Povos Indígenas no Brasil
Authors: Basques Messias
Published: October 2021

Este caso para ensino aborda os desafios das políticas públicas para povos indígenas no Brasil, com destaque as questões de saúde. O caso surgiu a partir de um curso de imersão oferecido a estudantes da Administração Pública. O objetivo é contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma “consciência antropológica” entre os futuros profissionais da área. O caso ilustra como a competência intercultural está diretamente relacionada às capacidades analíticas necessárias para a elaboração e a gestão de políticas públicas dirigidas a estas populações.
Wargaming and the Military: "Napoleon at Waterloo": The Events of June 1815 Analyzed via Historical Simulation
Authors: Esdaile Charles J.
Published: October 2021

The Battle of Waterloo is one of the most memorable actions in world history and has in consequence given rise to both an enormous historiography and many other forms of commemoration. “Napoleon at Waterloo” examines one such form of commemoration, namely the traditional board wargame, and it examines how this activity can be employed to further understand how the battle was fought and won.
WARGAMING IN PROFESSIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Walters Eric M.
Published: October 2021

Given the emphasis to employ wargaming in professional military education, how can instructors in the schoolhouses, operating forces, and supporting establishment—particularly those who are not experienced wargamers themselves—go about it? This article explains the necessity of crafting desired learning outcomes to selected, modified, or in-house designed serious wargames with the assistance of accomplished experts. Summarizing relevant recent scholarship, it provides foundational terminology and concepts that facilitate collaborative conversations, as well as offers advice regarding common but avoidable pitfalls of this dynamic and immersive teaching method.
WEED DETECTION IN WHEAT CROP USING UAV for PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Authors: Mateen Ahmed
Published: October 2021

Agriculture plays a significant role in overall GDP of any country. So, there are several efforts those are being made to develop and increase the crop yield. In any of crop, weed i.e. (unwanted crops) is the major concern that may leads to poor production of crop. Therefore, an automatic crop monitoring system is required to monitor the weed. This system will help the farmers to monitor the crops, in gradual fashion, once it has been cultivated. Then specific Vegetation Index (VI) would be applied to locate all green portions in the image that would be part of early wheat crop or weed patches. We used Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) algorithm to detect the weed patches in RGB and Multispectral imagery captured by UAV at 30-60 m altitude is used to acquire the images of wheat fields. Once the weed patches successfully identified from between the crop rows and within the crop rows then connected component-based classification technique is used that successfully classify the detected object either the object is related to weed patches or actual crop. The core objective of this work is to lessen the human involvement and to introduce the latest techniques and computation technology, peculiarly to identify the weed patches within the crop rows as well as between the crop rows in wheat field. Moreover, exploitation of UAV technology is also the core objective that will significantly provide the site specifically herbicides spraying
USE OF INDIGENOUS ISOLATES OF METARHIZIUM, ISARIA AND BEAUVERIA AS POTENTIAL BIO-CONTROL AGENTS AGAINST Sitophilus oryzae UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Rehman Saif-Ur
Published: October 2021

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are suggested as a new class of alternates followed by Synthetic chemical control of the insect pests .Virulence of seven EPF isolates, four strains of Metarhizium {(Qin-08, Qin-13, Qin-18 and ME-38 (LT-178)}, two of Isaria {ME-33 (ILT-01), Yulin-5 (IYL-01)} and one of Beauveria bassiana (Qin-21) were assessed against the adults of Sitophilus oryzae under laboratory conditions, firstly at single conidial concentration (1x108 ml-1 ) by immersion and the food mix methods. Qin-21, ME-33 and Qin-18 caused significantly highest mortality of S.oryzae at immersion methods (100, 100 and 98%), followed by food mix method to 100, 84.16 and 91.66% respectively. Yulin-5 was the least effective, showing significantly the lowest mortality at food mixed (32.49%) and immersion methods (40.20%) respectively. Hence, the immersion method was found to be most effective, resulting the higher mortality rate of S. oryzae in comparison to food mix method, in all tested fungal isolates. Secondly, we screened out the most effective isolates for multiple dose comparison i.e., 1x104 to 1x107 conidia ml-1 by immersion method only. The isolate ME-33 resulted in 100% mortality of the pest at higher conidial dose as compared to Qin-21 and Qin-18 which showing 80 and 64.64% mortality respectively. The LT50 was observed to be 3.63, 4.17 and 8.58 days in ME-33, Qin-21 and Qin-18, respectively at the highest conidial concentration (1x107ml-1 ). ME-33 isolate with the highest mortality and lowest LT50 at conidial concentration 1x107 ml-1 proved to be most effective for the control of S. oryzae. So these fungal islotes could be a better alternative for the management of S. oryzae