bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The human rights implications of green democracies in the era of digitalisation
Authors: Sziebig Orsolya
Published: October 2024

Are democratic institutions resilient to global and local environmental change? This is the main question of our times in the midst of environmental degradation, climate change, habitat and biodiversity loss. In the 21st century, even regions and states with a long democratic history have to face the challenges posed by environmental urgency. In my paper and presentation, I would like to highlight the definition of green democracies and the human rights implications of such settlements. Digital solutions, including artificial intelligence, can hinder but also help achieve and support the green transition. Despite the challenges, there is hope in the potential of digital solutions to support the transition to green democracies. Green democracies and green cities have been receiving growing attention from NGOs, states, and the European Union, based on the realization that green decisions and successful solutions are easier to achieve locally and not globally. In the frame of the SDGs, EU and international programs, more and more settlements opt for environmental democracy. In the second part of my paper, I am concentrating on the role of digital solutions and AI, particularly how these solutions can support the tools of direct democracy, which has proved to be an essential and significant element of green democracies.
Legal regulation of money laundering in the EU
Authors: Stanković Nedeljko , Zdravković Ljubiša
Published: October 2024

In addition to the conventions of the United Nations Organization that deal with the problem of preventing and suppressing money laundering at the universal level in the international community, there are also a number of regional documents adopted within the Council of Europe that also provide for money laundering as a serious illegal and punishable act by natural and legal persons, and system of measures for its prevention and suppression. These are the following conventions: Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, Tracing, Seizure and Confiscation of Proceeds of Crime from 1990 (Strasbourg Convention), and Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, Tracing, Seizure and Confiscation of Proceeds of Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism from 2005 (Warsaw Convention). In addition to the Council of Europe, as the most numerous European regional political and security organization, the European Union (that is, its competent authorities) has joined the fight against the growing, increasingly diverse forms and types of money laundering in various financial, banking, stock exchange, and other business activities. This is also logical because money laundering undermines, undermines or endangers the economic and financial system on which this strongest European regional organization rests. In combating money laundering, the European Union has adopted numerous regional documents. These are: a) Directive No. 308/1991 on preventing the use of financial systems for the purpose of money laundering, b) Directive No. 97/2001 on amendments to Directive No. 308/1991 on preventing the use of financial systems for the purpose of money laundering, c) Directive No. 60/2005 on the prevention of the use of financial systems for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing, d) Directive No. 70/2006 on the prevention of the use of financial systems for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing and e) Directive No. 849/2015 on the prevention of the use of financial systems for the purpose of money laundering or terrorist financing.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the commission of criminal acts in the exercise of public authority
Authors: Stojanović-Jandrić Jovana , Čavić Teodor
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of social life, including the commission of criminal offenses within public authorities in the Republic of Serbia. By analyzing data from various sources and statistical reports, this paper explores how changes introduced during the pandemic affected the number and nature of crimes against official duty, abuse of office, and related criminal offenses. The results indicate a decrease in these crimes during 2020 and 2021, which can be explained by the reduced opportunities for misuse due to restrictive measures, as well as changes in work organization and increased supervision over the work of public officials. This paper also discusses potential long-term changes in the practices and procedures that regulate the exercise of public authority, emphasizing the importance of further research in the context of preparing for future crises.
Working on digital work platforms ("platform work"): A new regulatory challenge for Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Šehrić Edina
Published: October 2024

The basic tendency in the development of labor law in the 21st century is digitization of work. Defined as the development and application of information and communication technologies in the organization and performance of work tasks, digitalization of work brings with it multitude of positive and negative challenges. One of the most important is the legal regulation of digital work. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, such legal regulation does not exist, so workers who work on digital work platforms are formally and legally not recognized in domestic legislation. Although there are no statistical data on the share of "platform workers" in the workforce of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the fact is that digital work platforms are an integral part of modern life and that, following global trends, an increase in the number of employees trough digital platforms is expected. That is why correct classification and legal regulation of the working status of those workers is very important question that the domestic legislator will have to answer in framework of harmonizing labor legislation with the legal acquis of European Union. Wheter that answer will come in the form of amendments in the area of the labor market or adoption of new legal regulation, remains to be seen.
Increasing the efficiency of managing real estate owned by cities through the application of artificial intelligence
Authors: Šimić-Karaula Marina
Published: October 2024

Today, in the era of expanding computer systems and digital transformation of public authorities, especially the operations of Cities as local government units in the Republic of Croatia, artificial intelligence is a term that is increasingly being used. The activation of each property owned by the City and the improvement of management efficiency are challenges faced by every City. To achieve this, the City must have accurate data about each property. This data includes the cadastral parcel number, area, market value, current usage according to valid spatial plans, any ongoing legal disputes, encumbrances, etc. It is precisely artificial intelligence that would allow the City to put a property to its best possible use, resulting in maximum revenue increase and maintenance cost reduction. This paper discusses what artificial intelligence is, how its application affects the management of properties owned by Cities, and what pitfalls and drawbacks its application may have.
Artificial intelligence through the prism of legal thought: From the ancient idea to the modern concept of legal personhood?
Authors: Ibrahimović Ervina , Berbić Jasmina
Published: October 2024

Human nature had always been driven by a desire for innovation and the incorporation of human traits into physical objects. Following the development of the idea of artificial intelligence, from its earliest origins in the ancient period to its final realization in the form of modern algorithmic artificial intelligence as we know it today, it is undeniable that it has already had an enormous impact on both individuals and society as a community that is govern by the law. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence is altering legal concepts and foundations that have been established so far. As a phenomenon that is still not fully regulated yet, and that has already and is currently causing society to experience completely new and previously unseen consequences, observing it in a new and controversial way is a necessity. Thus, in the paper, the authors will highlight the legal theories and premises associated with artificial intelligence and engage in a discussion about the problem that the modern society necessarily imposes, which is whether artificial intelligence should be granted legal subjectivity or not?
Educators' learning experiences and intention to use online learning Management Systems' platforms: A perceptual study
Authors: Singh Shruti , Chakraborty Anindita
Published: October 2024

This study examines the adoption and use of Online Learning Management Systems (OLMS) in central government universities in India, emphasizing the impact of instructors' previous online learning experiences. To accomplish this, we employed the Technology Acceptance Model as the theoretical foundation, expanding its scope to encompass external factors and perceived variables related to O-LMS adoption. We investigate OLMS adoption patterns, platform preferences, and the impact of ownership status on technological integration using survey data obtained from faculty members at the top ten central government universities. Through a rigorous survey conducted among 326 faculty respondents from esteemed institutions and universities, we delved into their experiences, challenges, and perceived benefits associated with O-LMS utilization. Our data show that Moodle is the most widely used OLMS platform, with 85% of surveyed universities using this open-source system. Furthermore, we identify the important impact that educators' prior online learning experiences have in molding their opinions of OLMS, emphasizing the need for extensive training and continuous support programs. Furthermore, our findings highlight the need for further research to investigate the efficacy of various OLMS platforms, longitudinal studies to track the long-term effects of adoption, and qualitative investigations into educators' perspectives and experiences. By focusing on these research directions, stakeholders can improve technology integration in educational settings, resulting in more effective and inclusive learning environments.
Hemorrhagic complications associated with the use of direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Sabljić Nikica , Pantić Nikola , Trajković Lazar , Miljić Predrag , Virijević Marijana , Bodrožić Jelena , Pravdić Zlatko , Cvetković Mirjana , Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada , Mitrović Mirjana
Published: October 2024

The milestone of treating and preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the application of anticoagulants. For many years the cornerstone was the use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), but it was associated with numerous obstacles and complications. With the introduction of a new generation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), some of the difficulties, such as delayed onset/offset of the action, individual dose modifications, inhibition of several coagulation factors, need for frequent monitoring of prothrombin time, multiple drug interactions, have been overcome, while maintaining an adequate safety profile. Therefore, DOACs have rapidly replaced VKAs as a standard of care in the treatment and prevention of VTE, as well as in the prevention of ischemic complications in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. However, the expected consequence of the use of anticoagulant drugs is increased bleeding risk. Several randomized and retrospective studies have analyzed the risk of bleeding associated with the use of DOACs compared to VKAs and between DOACs. It has been clearly shown that intracranial hemorrhage risk is decreased with DOAC compared to VKA, while most studies have shown that the risk of major bleeding is the same or even lower with DOAC. Considering DOAC's efficacy, excellent safety, and simple application compared with VKAs, it does not surprise their increasingly frequent application in everyday clinical practice. Will VKAs gradually become a part of history, or will their use be limited to a specific, clearly defined population? The time has to show.
Disease progression in patients with low-risk primary myelofibrosis: Case report
Authors: Smiljanić Mihailo , Arsenović Isidora , Bogdanović Andrija , Leković Danijela
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The median survival (OS) of patients with low-risk primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is over 15 years, but according to the "MOST" prospective study, disease progression occurs in almost 60% of these patients. Aim: to present the disease course and treatment outcome of patients with lowrisk PMF. Case report: All patients were diagnosed with PMF, low-risk International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), and normal initial cytogenetics. Case 1: A 61-year-old male patient was admitted in May 2016 with TR 772x109 /L, LDH 566U/L, no splenomegaly, JAK2V617F+. He was initially treated with hydroxyurea (HU) from 2016 to 2020. In 2021, he was introduced to ruxolitinib due to the development of splenomegaly and leukocytosis, with disease progression 18 months later (spleen 26cm, Plt 20x109 /L, 10% blasts in the marrow, complex karyotype: -5, del 7q, mar+). Azacitidine was introduced, but death occurred due to sepsis in October 2022. OS is 66 months. Case 2: A 47-year-old female patient was admitted in July 2011 with TR 899x109 /L, LDH 899U/L, spleen 15x7cm, JAk2V617F+, and ASXL+. She was initially treated with HU and has been treated with ruxolitinib since October 2013 due to the progression of splenomegaly (spleen 19.3cm, LDH 1881U/L), with subsequent normalization of spleen size, number of TR, and LDH. The patient is in remission. OS is 126 months. Case 3: A 64-year-old male patient was admitted in May 2012 with TR 1457x109 /L, LDH 631U/L, borderline splenomegaly, JAk2V617F-, MPL+, SRSF2+, U2AF1+, ASXL1+. He was initially treated with HU (May 2012) and since April 2019 with danazol due to the emergence of transfusion dependence. Due to heart failure, death occurred in February 2020. OS is 96 months. Conclusion: Some patients with low-risk PMF have disease progression and future studies will show whether early Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis of non-driver mutations and early initiation of therapy contribute to changing the course of the disease.
The influence of insulin resistance on therapeutic response in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Vlaisavljević Nada , Urošević Ivana , Tomić-Naglić Dragana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: According to the results of previous research, it was found that the dysfunction of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, which is the basis of insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia, acts as a proliferative tumor factor, and its neoplastic potential is also exhibited in multiple myeloma. Study aim: The study aims to determine whether there is an association between insulin resistance in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma (NDMM) and the achieved therapeutic response after induction chemotherapy. Materials and methods: The prospective study included 35 NDMM patients (60% women and 40% men), treated at the Clinical Center of Vojvodina Clinic for Hematology. Glycemia and insulinemia levels were determined after fasting and postprandially, upon which the values of HOMA-IRIf (after fasting) and HOMA-IRIpp (postprandially) were calculated. HOMA-IRI values > 2.2 were the criteria for insulin resistance. The analyses were performed twice - before the initial chemotherapy and after the completion of the treatment. The therapeutic response was evaluated according to the criteria of the Serbian Myeloma Group (SMG) and the International Myeloma Working Group IMWG). Statistical analyses were performed in the SPSS program, Version 22. Results: The average patient age was 63.85 years. In total, 86% of patients responded favorably to the therapy. The average value of HOMA-IRIf before treatment was 1.82 ± 0.79 and it was 1.80 ± 0.72 after therapy. The central median value of HOMA-IRIpp before treatment was 5.46, with an interquartile range of 1.07 - 20.57, and after treatment, it was 5.86 with an interquartile range of 1.22 - 28.22. A significant negative correlation between HOMA-IRIf after applied treatment and achieved therapeutic response was observed, (p = 0.040). Conclusion: Active concomitant therapy of insulin resistance in NDMM could improve the response to applied antimyeloma treatment.
Treatment of primary myelofibrosis: Where we stand today?
Authors: Bogdanović Andrija , Leković Danijela
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a clonal hematopoietic neoplastic disease characterized by constitutive complaints, splenomegaly, anemia and very often thrombocytopenia. Aim: To analyze and compare data from clinical trials, focusing on both current and emerging therapeutics. Methods: The analysis of published clinical trials and relevant papers. Results: Currently, the gold standard for treating primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is ruxolitinib, the first-in-class JAK inhibitor (JAKi). It has achieved a ≥35% reduction in spleen volume (SVR) in 41.9% of patients compared to placebo and has led to a >50% improvement in symptoms, as measured by the Total Symptom Score (TSS), in 49.5% of treated individuals. Ruxolitinib is not an ideal drug, as some patients experience worsening anemia, thrombocytopenia, and an increased susceptibility to various infections. Some patients are required to discontinue the treatment or reduce the dosage. Another approved JAK inhibitor, fedratinib, has shown promising results as a second-line treatment following ruxolitinib failure. As a first-line therapy, fedratinib achieved a spleen volume reduction (SVR) of ≥35% in 47% of patients, with a >50% improvement in TSS in 40% of cases. In transfusion-dependent patients, momelotinib has demonstrated good results, showing non-inferiority to ruxolitinib, with similar spleen volume reduction (SVR≥35%) rates of 26.5% compared to 29% with ruxolitinib. Momelotinib treatment reduced transfusion independence by 17% compared to ruxolitinib (66% vs 49%). In thrombocytopenic patients (Plt 50-100 x109 /L), pacritinib is the newest therapy; it reduces spleen volume compared to adjusted ruxolitinib dosing without worsening thrombocytopenia. Drugs combined with ruxolitinib (e.g. navitoklaks, pelabresib) have the purpose to improve the outcome, especially in spleen reduction. Conclusion: Treating PMF remains a challenge. While ruxolitinib provides effective disease control in nearly half of patients, new therapies are needed to enhance outcomes both overall and in those with refractory disease.
Prognostic and predictive significance of measurable residual disease in acute myeloblastic leukemia
Authors: Rajić Jovan , Milošević Violeta , Gunjak Tara , Kraguljac-Kurtović Nada , Bogdanović Andrija , Virijević Marijana , Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada , Mitrović Mirjana , Pravdić Zlatko , Vlajin Stevan , Igić Milan , Vidović Ana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is an umbrella term for a heterogeneous group of clonal neoplastic diseases of hematopoietic cells. Detecting residual leukemic cells (measurable residual disease - MRD) is the most important prognostic and predictive factor in AML. The aim: The study aims to analyze the effect of administered chemotherapy based on the results of MRD testing in patients with AML treated at the University Clinical Center of Serbia (UCCS) Clinic for Hematology. Materials and methods: Our study included the analysis of 111 AML patients, treated between January 2020 and January 2024. All diagnostic procedures performed were based on the most recent recommendations of European LeukemiaNet (ELN). Results: MRD+ patients who continued treatment with intensive chemotherapy (CHT), using full doses of 3+7 CHT as reinduction therapy, had a significantly longer remission (complete remission - CR) and a longer overall survival (OS). The duration of CR (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.019) were statistically significantly longer in patients who maintained a negative MRD status at the end of treatment. In transplanted patients, overall survival (OS; p = 0.006) and duration of remission (CR; p = 0.002) were significantly longer (median: OS 20 months; CR 21 months), as compared to the group of non-transplanted patients (median: OS 13 months; CR 8 months). Discussion: Measurable residual disease (MRD) can be both prognostic and predictive. However, the absolute measurable level of the disease is not the only determinant of the patient's outcome, since the biology of AML, as well as other clinical patient-related factors (age, comorbidities, various complications of applied chemotherapy, especially infections), modify the risk associated with MRD test results. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated the great importance of timely detection of MRD, as well as the appropriateness of applying more intensive CHT in MRD-positive patients, along with continued treatment with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Light chain deposition disease
Authors: Jovanović Danijela , Đurđević Predrag
Published: October 2024

Light chain deposition disease is one form of monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease. In terms of frequency, it is a rare entity that occurs in middle-aged people, more often males. It most often affects the kidneys, with a clinical picture of nephritic syndrome, but it can also be localized in other organs, such as the liver, lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and others. The symptoms and signs of the affected organ dominate the clinical picture. The diagnosis is most often established by biopsy of the affected organ, whereby Congo red staining differentiates it from light chain amyloidosis, and then bone marrow evaluation is performed to rule out other plasmacytic dyscrasias. Therapy is based on therapeutic modalities for treating multiple myeloma, including proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib), autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and transplantation of the affected organs if there has been a complete loss of function. Data on monoclonal antibody therapy (daratumumab) opens up new therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of this disease. Diagnosis and treatment of this disease require a multidisciplinary approach, primarily by nephrologists, hematologists, and pathologists.
Ferroptosis and its clinical significance
Authors: Agić Danijela , Vranješ Marijana , Dragičević-Jojkić Marina , El Farra , Urošević Ivana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Ferroptosis, mentioned as such for the first time in 2012 by Dixon et al., is an iron-dependent type of cell death that occurs in the presence of lipid peroxides. The mechanism of the process and the signaling pathways involved in it differ from the previously known apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. An inflammatory reaction also occurs, which further distinguishes this type of cell death from apoptosis. Ferrostatin inhibits this process. Methods: A review of the literature obtained by searching the Medline database was performed, with a special focus on studies concerned with the importance of ferroptosis in clinical medicine, primarily hematology. Results: Iron metabolism in malignant and healthy cells differs. Malignant cells tolerate oxidative stress well and avoid ferroptosis. According to literature data, various tested agents stimulate ferroptosis and thus become possible therapeutic agents. Some genes linked to iron metabolism have shown prognostic significance in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Conclusion: The discovery of new mechanisms of cell death and the signaling pathways involved in this process leads to potentially new target therapy. Although promising, these results require validation through further research.
Identification and mapping of Fadama resources exposed to pastoralist-farmer conflicts in Nafada town, Gombe state, Nigeria
Authors: Usman Shehu , Yalwa Rilwanu
Published: October 2024

Identification and mapping of Fadama resources exposed to pastoralist-farmer conflicts over the resources was undertaken. The availability of fresh grass (pasture), abundance of water and fertile soil in Fadama attract both the pastoralists and farmers. Competition for access and use of Fadama resources has been causing conflicts between farmers and pastoralists. The aim of the study was to undertake a geospatial analysis of Fadama resources that are exposed to farmers-pastoralists conflicts in the Nafada Local Government Area. A total of three villages were selected purposively. The spatial factors considered are Fadama farmlands, pasturelands, grazing reserves, cattle routes and water bodies, the target respondents for the work are pastoralists and farmers groups. Convenience sampling techniques were used to administer 162 questionnaires. Field Measurement, Observation and RS were also used in obtaining data. The data were analysed using overlay and descriptive statistics respectively. The findings indicate that the two small grazing reserves and water points may not be enough to accommodate the cattle population, and the stock routes do not connect to the grazing reserves. Almost 50% of the participants acknowledged the involvement of traditional rules in conflict management and identified verbal warning as the method of conflict resolution. The research concluded that there is a high likelihood that the pastoralists will encroach into Fadama farmlands for pasture, which may subsequently lead to further conflict in the study area. It was recommended that about 20-30 % of Fadama land should be set separately for grazing.
Evaluation of performance of hotels in Ado-Ekiti Local Government area of Ekiti state, Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Umar , Rotimi Idowu
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the performance of hotels in Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area with a view to promoting customer satisfaction in the industry. A cross-sectional survey research design was used while both primary and secondary data were sourced. A purposive multistage sampling technique was used. All hotels in the study area were enumerated and 49 out of 124 hotels found in the area were sampled, representing 40% of the sample frame. A copy of a pretested questionnaire targeted at the customers using a ratio of 1:5 corresponding to all the sampled hotels. Subsequently, 187 returned questionnaires were used for the analysis. Some criteria were established and used to evaluate the performance of the hotels. The data collected was analysed using statistical frequency distributions. The findings revealed that the majority (72.2%) of the respondents were male. The credibility criteria for evaluating the performance of hotels revealed that over 75% of the customers were not satisfied with the services of the hotels. The majority (67.4%) of the sampled hotels were not interacting with their customers online. Meanwhile, the majority (71.1%) of the hotels had provisions for phone facilities to ease communication. Moreover, none (0.0%) of the hotels employed the service of a nurse in case of emergency. About 67.0% of the hotels lack adequate facilities. In conclusion, the performances of the hotels in the study were adjudged to be suboptimal due to poor planning. Therefore, the Government and the Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC) should start a collaborative environmental management approach for the industry and the society.
The analysis of factors influencing consumers' decisions to purchase and consume cheese
Authors: Ivanović Velibor , Kalenjuk-Pivarski Bojana , Radević Danica , Mitrović-Milić Anita , Tekić Dragana , Milić Zlatibor
Published: October 2024

Cheese, as the most significant category of dairy products, constitutes a substantial portion of the contemporary human diet. Similar to other industries, in the food industry, the needs of the consumers and their perception of a product are greatly significant for ensuring better market performance and an adequate form of customer outreach. The cheese market has been gaining importance due to changes in dietary habits and growing demand. Familiarization with the consumer profile and the motivators that affect their choices present key factors in shaping market indicators. This paper deals with the factors that influence consumer behaviour when choosing cheese observed within two Southeastern European food markets: Serbia and Montenegro. The task of the research conducted is to examine consumer behaviour and the factors that motivate cheese-purchasing decisions. For the purposes of this research, 370 survey questionnaires were collected and interpreted. The results were systematized by using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test of independence. A special CB-cheese scale was created for the research. The data from the scale were analysed using factor analysis. It was found that product quality and price-to-quality ratio were fundamental factors influencing cheese purchasing decisions, while product advertising level and packaging appearance were the least significant factors. The established scale was deemed adequate.
Interaction of procaine with key proteins for heart development in zebrafish: In silico analysis
Authors: Mitović Nikola , Milošević Milica , Ristić Maša , Dimitrijević Ljubica , Kovačević Sanjin , Nešović-Ostojić Jelena , Stanković Marija
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Aim: Procaine is a local anesthetic from the amino ester group that blocks voltage-gated sodium channels. Since it can cross the placenta in its ionized form, its potential impact on embryonic development is of concern. Zebrafish, which have a significant degree of homology with the human genome, allow for the study of cardiovascular system development with reliable extrapolation to humans. Investigation of the effects of procaine on key proteins involved in zebrafish heart development using molecular docking. Methods: First, a screening of the interaction between procaine and the entire human proteome was performed using FINDSITEcomb software. Based on significant interactions with a high degree of analysis precision, 113 proteins were selected. Using the ZFIN database, the degree of homology between the selected human proteins and zebrafish proteins, tissue specificity, and expression timing were determined. Nine proteins met all the criteria: kcnh6a, kcnh7, kcnh5a, kcnh2a, psen2, rbfa, and zfpl1, and were further investigated through molecular docking in the AutoDock Vina program. Results: Most of the proteins were highly expressed during the blastula stage. Docking results showed that the scn1laa protein and procaine had the lowest Gibbs free energy value (-6 kCal/mol), while the zfp11 protein had the highest value (-4.4 kCal/mol). Procaine binding to the tested proteins revealed similar amino acid sequences within the same protein family. Conclusion: Procaine interacts with proteins involved in zebrafish heart development under in silico conditions. Further analyses on live embryos are needed to complement these findings.
The impact of 2,4-diaminobutyric acid on proteins involved in the development of morphometrically measurable eye parameters in zebrafish: An in silico analysis
Authors: Milošević Milica , Mitović Nikola , Ristić Maša , Dimitrijević Ljubica , Kovačević Sanjin , Nešović-Ostojić Jelena , Stanojević Marija , Spasić Svetolik
Published: October 2024

Introduction: 2,4-Diaminobutyric acid (2,4-DABA) is an excitatory amino acid with neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, and potentially carcinogenic effects, found in aquatic ecosystems with a tendency to accumulate in plants and animals. Due to its potential impact on development, its embryotoxicity is being studied. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), with high homology to the human genome, serve as an excellent model for studying development and developmental abnormalities. Objective: To investigate the effect of 2,4-DABA on proteins crucial for zebrafish eye development using molecular docking. Methods: Proteome screening was conducted using the FINDSITEcomb software, selecting 1119 proteins based on homology, tissue specificity, and expression timing. Six proteins that met the criteria were analyzed using molecular docking in the AutoDock Vina program. Results: The interaction of the fzd8a protein with 2,4-DABA showed the lowest Gibbs free energy value of -4.6 kCal/mol, while the interaction with the pbx4 protein had the highest value of -3.4 kCal/mol. A similarity was observed in the amino acid sequence of proteins that bind to 2,4-DABA, particularly in those containing an -SH group. Conclusion: 2,4-DABA may affect eye structure development in zebrafish by interacting with proteins throughout the entire development period. The results of in silico analyses provide a basis for further in vivo research, which should be conducted on live embryos to confirm these findings.
Behavior and attitudes of female medical students regarding menstrual products
Authors: Marković Teodora , Marušić Vuk , Nikolić Aleksandra , Vujčić Isidora , Bjekić Milan , Šipetić-Grujičić Sandra
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Aim: According to the data of the World Bank, period poverty affects about 500 million women worldwide. Inadequate sanitary conditions and the unavailability of menstrual products, as well as their inadequate use, can lead to serious disorders of women's health. The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior and attitudes of female medical students regarding menstrual products. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Belgrade, in the period 16-29 May 2024. year. The sample consisted of 277 medical students. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The ch2 test was used for the statistical analysis of data. Results: 5.1% of female students had problems with obtaining menstrual products during the last 12 months. Statistically significantly more often this problem was experienced by older than younger female students, while a statistically significant difference was not observed between female students with a permanent place of residence in the city and female students with a permanent place of residence in the countryside, as well as between female students of I-III and IV-V years of study. In such situations, 1.4% of female students used a substitute for a given menstrual product (eg cloth, toilet paper, etc.), 1.8% borrowed menstrual products from friends, relatives, etc., 1.1% used menstrual products for longer than they usually do and 4.7% bought cheaper menstrual products. The majority of female students (97.8%) expressed their wish for all school girls and female students in Serbia to have free products necessary for maintaining hygiene during menstruation. Conclusion: It is necessary to continuously examine the behavior and attitudes of female students regarding menstrual products and the factors associated with them, both at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Belgrade and at all other faculties, and use the results obtained as a basis for the creation and implementation of activities aimed at preserving and improving the health and quality of life of female students.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Leveraging ChatGPT to Enhance Writing Skills in Secondary Education
Authors: Sain Zohaib Hassan , Serban Razvan , Abdullah Nurulannisa Binti , Thelma Chanda Chansa
Published: October 2024

Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is an advanced machine learning model designed to generate and process vast amounts of data, enabling it to provide answers to various questions. This research aims to explore the benefits and drawbacks of using ChatGPT, particularly in the context of language learning, focusing on enhancing high school writing skills. The data for this study was sourced from digital media and academic repositories. ChatGPT plays a significant role in research by assisting in generating ideas for articles; however, it also presents challenges, including concerns about data accuracy, ethical considerations, and potential impacts on students' critical thinking abilities (Fuchs, 2023). Additionally, this study will examine how ChatGPT can be leveraged to enhance student's writing capabilities in an educational setting.
Liftboat Stability Using Energy-to-Incline and Varying Inclination Direction
Authors: Ryan Kieran , Tobey Ethan , Burke Daniel , Larkin Tara , Taylor Todd , Lawrence Andrew , Thomas Brian
Published: October 2024

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Domestic U.S. flagged liftboats have relatively low length-to-beam ratios (L/B), compared with typical vessels, and operate with minimal freeboard and high vertical centers of gravity. As such, domestic liftboats can have poor righting arm characteristics that may not be revealed by conventional regulatory stability analyses that evaluate in the pure heel direction. This study adapts a novel energy-to-incline method and varying axis stability analysis developed by Andrew Breuer for Mobile Offshore Drilling Units to low L/B liftboats. This method of generating energy-to-incline surfaces was applied to the limiting case of a low L/B=1 liftboat and to the liftboat SEACOR POWER (L/B=2.02) to produce energy contour plots for a range of heel and trim values and to identify capsize points. Righting arm curves were mathematically computed from these surfaces by extracting incremental energy along pathways to capsize. For the low L/B ratio vessels, this resulted in truncated righting arm curves for inclinations in many directions, associated with the computational approach and the physics of orthogonal tipping. Analysis of the results revealed that low L/B liftboats have their lowest-energy pathways to capsize in inclination directions different from the traditionally assumed heel direction. As such, it is proposed that much of the U.S. domestic liftboat fleet may also exhibit such “off axis” weakest capsize directions. Finally, standard hydrostatic stability software was used to compute righting arms for the L/B=1 liftboat when inclined directly from the point of static equilibrium to a known capsize point, while fixing the angle of rotation in the direction orthogonal to the straight-line path. The resulting righting arm approximated well the lowest-energy righting arms from the more computationally intensive energy-to-incline method. Future research would be to assess whether such straight-line, fixed-rotation paths provide a good approximation for the minimum energy righting arms for liftboats over a range of L/B. If so, this method would provide an efficient means to produce liftboat righting arms with two zero-crossing points necessary for comparison with stability regulations.

Keywords

liftboat; intact stability; potential energy; righting arm; orthogonal tipping
Exploring New Dimensions of Christian Faith from Traditionto Digital Transmission in Cyberspace
Authors: Nainggolan Daniel Maniur , Pabisa Djonny
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of digital technology has introduced new challenges for religious practices, particularly in maintaining spiritual depth and church authority amidst virtual interactions. Churches and Christians face difficulties in maintaining the authenticity of faith in the digital world, where access to spiritual services and religious teachings is increasingly convenient but often diminishes the quality of spiritual engagement and interpersonal relationships within the congregation. This article aims to explore how Christian faith adapts in the transition from physical traditions to digital transmission in the cyber world. The focus is on understanding the impact of digitalization on worship, teaching, and Christian fellowship, as well as how churches can leverage technological opportunities without compromising the essence of faith. The research employs a qualitative approach using phenomenological methods to explore the subjective experiences of church leaders and congregations regarding the use of digital platforms in religious life. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and participatory observation of digital religious practices, such as online worship and teachings via social media. The findings show that while digitalization allows broader access to Christian teachings, there is a risk of diminishing spiritual depth and fragmenting interpersonal relationships within the congregation. The article offers practical strategies for churches to integrate technology wisely, maintaining a balance between digital innovation and the preservation of traditional spiritual values.
Peningkatan Business Value Melalui Implementasi Konsep SMART GOAL pada UMKM “Ngabotram”
Authors: Mohamad Hadi Prasetyo
Published: October 2024

MSMEs need an understanding of business values ​​and also need activities to increase these values. Because increasing business value in MSMEs is no less important. This community service (PKM) is carried out with the aim of increasing understanding of business values ​​that can be increased through the SMART GOAL concept in partners, namely MSME Ngabrotram which is engaged in the culinary field. The SMART Goal Setting concept is implemented to make Ngabotram have more value and can increase its business value in the future. This PKM program is in the form of a tiered workshop accompanied by mentoring for the partners concerned which leads to profit, not just turnover. This PKM is one of the efforts to increase the competitiveness of MSME Ngabotram in order to achieve competitive advantage. The problem felt by partners is that there is no and cannot be measured specific goals of the business being run. Finally, they do not understand how goals are set and how to analyze a measurable goal. This greatly affects the business development side which has an impact on its profit. The output targets to be achieved are in the form of publications in community service journals and increasing the understanding and skills of partners as business actors
The Role of Community Participation in the Regional Budget Preparation Process to Encourage the Realization of Good Governance
Authors: Ibrohim  , Wiji Febriyani Rizkiyah
Published: October 2024

The realization of good governance is the hope of all parties. Government and development processes will be more effective, efficient and accountable if supported by high participation from the community. This paper seeks to explain the role of public participation in the preparation of regional budgets so far.  The success of preparing/planning regional budgets and their implementation depends on active community involvement. Regional budget planning has so far not been fully able to stimulate and expand the active involvement of these communities. The preparation of regional budgets should reflect and be aimed at achieving goals in accordance with community interests.
Integración al Desarrollo Educativo, la Cultura, los Saberes Ancestrales y la Recreación en el Currículo Escolar a través de Proyectos de Vinculación en la Provincia de Esmeraldas
Authors: Tambaco Quintero Alberto Renato , Barcia Cedeño Erika Iveth , Díaz Quiñones Karol Mariuxi , Palacios González Jenny Johanna , Prado Zamora Martha Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la integración al desarrollo educativo, la cultura, los saberes ancestrales y la recreación en el currículo escolar a través de proyectos de vinculación en la provincia de esmeraldas. El enfoque de la investigación fue principalmente descriptivo y exploratorio. Se emplearon técnicas de análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. La población de estudio incluyó estudiantes, docentes, padres de familia, personal administrativo y autoridades locales, utilizando un enfoque de muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La muestra total abarcó 80 participantes de las diferentes instituciones educativas. Los principales hallazgos destacaron que la integración al desarrollo educativo, la cultura, los saberes ancestrales y la era cultural, mejoró la formación docente centrada en la interculturalidad, la realización de proyectos de vinculación en comunidades locales y la organización de eventos culturales inclusivos.
Adoecimento docente nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Garcia Camila , Mantovani Almir
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o adoecimento docente nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental.  Levantou-se os tipos de afastamento de saúde dos docentes da etapa de ensino recortada pela pesquisa, na rede estadual de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Procurou-se inicialmente estabelecer o perfil dos afastados em relação à idade e sexo e, em seguida, ao Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica - IDEB das escolas nas quais esses docentes trabalhavam. Buscou-se ainda levantar os números do absenteísmo docente provocado por esses afastamentos, a fim de identificar tanto os prejuízos econômicos quanto pedagógicos. Centralmente, analisou-se o tipo de doenças mais frequente entre os docentes e suas possíveis identificações com o tipo e as condições de trabalho. Ou seja, procurou-se identificar em que medida a escola contribuí para o adoecimento docente e como ações dentro da política educacional teriam potencial para minimizar a situação identificada. A pesquisa identificou as doenças mentais e de comportamento como a principal causa dos afastamentos e como as com maior período de duração. Foi possível estabelecer, a partir de dados secundários, uma relação entre os afastamentos e a (des)profissionalização docente (a desvalorização profissional, os baixos salários, a quantidade de estudantes por sala entre outros).
Diagnosis of Clostridium Difficile: A Wrong Algorithm and an Improvement in Immunoassays
Authors:   Hospital Clínico Universitario San Cecilio. Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología. Avenida de la Ilustración S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain, Recio-López Juan Luis
Published: October 2024

We compared the 2-step and 3-step algorithms for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in clinical cases between October and December 2023. We observed in 3-step algorithm 22 false positives (FP) among the 62 positives (35%), compared to 40 positives without FP in 2-step algorithm. 30 All FP are positive for glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and Toxin A and/or B immunochromatography (IC), and negative for toxigenic C.difficile PCR. When processing the samples with a solution of leukocidins and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) the FP to GDH is negative, as well as FP from different immunoassays. The cause of FP is an interspecies cross-reaction between human leukocytes and mouse immunoglobulins, a methoddependent error (immunoassay) that increases the 35 probabilities of FP in the 3-step algorithm. Modified algorithms and sample processing with MRSA and leukocidins allow equivalent results to the 2-step algorithm, with a reduction in the total number of molecular tests required (47-61%).
The Potential the Baruasa of Brown Sugar as a traditional cake through the use of rice shards
Authors: Rouw Randy Frank , Wijaya Hengki
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to determine the processing of Baruasa made from rice flakes and palm sugar. Brown sugar is a brown sweetener—made from palm sugar by boiling palm sap water. This material can be used as an ingredient for making traditional Baruasa brown sugar cakes. Qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through literature review, interviews and field observations. The result of this research shows that the potential for developing traditional cakes with natural raw materials and natural dyes and the utilization of rice shards from factories can benefit small and home industries.