bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La alfabetización mediática: Reflexiones y perspectivas
Authors:   Universidad César Vallejo, Ramos Wilder
Published: July 2022

En la sociedad de la información, los ciudadanos superan el rol de consumidores y se convierten en prosumidores de contenidos en la red ya que son capaces de identificar, evaluar, organizar y tomar decisiones en torno a la información existente. En el siglo XXI, los ciudadanos y las naciones afrontan nuevos desafíos en pos de alcanzar el desarrollo social, cultural y económico. En ese sentido, la alfabetización mediática se convierte en una herramienta indispensable que viabilizará el logro de objetivos personales y colectivos en este entorno cambiante y multidimensional. El propósito de esta investigación es presentar una revisión bibliográfica que permita comprender los fundamentos y el desenvolvimiento de la alfabetización mediática, enfatizando su importancia en el entorno latinoamericano.
First record of beetle flies (Diptera: Celyphidae) from Brazil
Authors: Rafael José A. , Lima Sheila P. , Marques Dayse W. A.
Published: July 2022

Atopocelyphus ruficollis (Macquart, 1844) is the only known species of Celyphidae to occur in the Neotropical region, registered only in French Guiana. Here we provide the first record of this species and family for Brazil, based on material collected in Oyapock, Amapá state, along with detailed photographs of male and female terminalia.
The impact of ordinal scales on Gaussian mixture recovery
Authors: Haslbeck Jonas M. B. , Vermunt Jeroen K. , Waldorp Lourens J.
Published: July 2022

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are a popular and versatile tool for exploring heterogeneity in multivariate continuous data. Arguably the most popular way to estimate GMMs is via the expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm combined with model selection using the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). If the GMM is correctly specified, this estimation procedure has been demonstrated to have high recovery performance. However, in many situations, the data are not continuous but ordinal, for example when assessing symptom severity in medical data or modeling the responses in a survey. For such situations, it is unknown how well the EM algorithm and the BIC perform in GMM recovery. In the present paper, we investigate this question by simulating data from various GMMs, thresholding them in ordinal categories and evaluating recovery performance. We show that the number of components can be estimated reliably if the number of ordinal categories and the number of variables is high enough. However, the estimates of the parameters of the component models are biased independent of sample size. Finally, we discuss alternative modeling approaches which might be adopted for the situations in which estimating a GMM is not acceptable.
Synthesis and HDAC inhibitory activity of pyrimidine-based hydroxamic acids
Authors: Jakubkiene Virginija , Valiulis Gabrielius Ernis , Schweipert Markus , Zubriene Asta , Matulis Daumantas , Meyer-Almes Franz-Josef , Tumkevicius Sigitas
Published: July 2022

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play an essential role in the transcriptional regulation of cells through the deacetylation of nuclear histone and non-histone proteins and are promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of various diseases. Here, the synthesis of new compounds in which a hydroxamic acid residue is attached to differently substituted pyrimidine rings via a methylene group bridge of varying length as potential HDAC inhibitors is described. The target compounds were obtained by alkylation of 2-(alkylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones with ethyl 2-bromoethanoate, ethyl 4-bromobutanoate, or methyl 6-bromohexanoate followed by aminolysis of the obtained esters with hydroxylamine. Oxidation of the 2-methylthio group to the methylsulfonyl group and following treatment with amines resulted in the formation of the corresponding 2-amino-substituted derivatives, the ester group of which reacted with hydroxylamine to give the corresponding hydroxamic acids. The synthesized hydroxamic acids were tested as inhibitors of the HDAC4 and HDAC8 isoforms. Among the synthesized pyrimidine-based hydroxamic acids N-hydroxy-6-[6-methyl-2-(methylthio)-5-propylpyrimidin-4-yloxy]hexanamide was found to be the most potent inhibitor of both the HDAC4 and HDAC8 isoforms, with an IC50 of 16.6 µM and 1.2 µM, respectively.
PROSPECTS FOR SEED REPRODUCTION Prunus sargentii Rehder IN THE MOSCOW REGION
Authors:   Laboratory of Landscape Architecture and Ethnobotanical Research, Nikitsky Botanical Garden — National Scientific Center of the Russian, Budilova I. Y.
Published: July 2022

Deciduous trees are important in the formation of a system of green spaces and the creation of a comfortable urban environment. The bright accents of urban gardens and parks are flowering trees. However, there is a shortage of early-flowering species in the landscaping of Moscow. East Asian stone fruit species with significant winter hardiness, stable decorative properties and high resistance to diseases and pests can replenish the assortment. One of these species is the Sargent plum (Prunus sargentii Rehder), which in Moscow has proven itself as a stable and consistently decorative species. For successful introduction into culture at the first stages of introduction, it is important to determine the prospects for seed reproduction of the species, since the expediency of attempts at mass reproduction in nurseries largely depends on this. To obtain a full range of characteristics of fruits and seeds of the studied species, its morphometric parameters were determined, the individual variability of these characteristics was evaluated, as well as the germination of seeds of the first year of sowing. A number of patterns and features have been identified that allow us to recommend P. sargentii for use for breeding purposes and for introduction into culture.
Migraine and pregnancy
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dumitru Andreea Elena , Gica Nicolae ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Botezatu Radu ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Peltecu Gheorghe ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Panaitescu Anca Maria ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Filantropia Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Background. Migraine is a frequent neurological disorder affecting mostly women in the childbearing age. It is influenced by fluctuation of female hormones, especially estrogen levels. Objectives. This review aims to describe the expression of migraine during the reproductive ages summarizing the diagnosis and effective, available treatment options. Materials and Methods. We performed a literature review searching relevant information on the subject in PubMed and Medscape databases. Outcomes. It reveals that during the first trimester due to symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum, migraine attacks can exacerbate, while, through second and third trimester when estrogen levels rise, women report relief of symptoms. Therapy includes firstly behavioural approach and secondly pharmacological drugs along with non-invasive procedures, some still under investigation for pregnant state. For mild cases the first line is acetaminophen alone or together with antiemetics and in more severe cases or in women with past history of migraine triptans can used as the mainstay therapy. Conclusions. Despite recent discoveries on therapy and drugs, our understanding of the way medications may affect the fetus or new-born is incomplete and further evidence is needed, bringing potential for improved management of migraine during pregnancy.
Role of music therapy in neurological practice
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, Thakare Avinash , Agrawa Amit ,   Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: July 2022

Music has marked its presence since the evolution of human society and has occupied our day-to-day life. It has also contributed in forming society and civilizations. Advancement in technology and portability of multimedia devices have made the access to music a common norm. It has various purposes like social cohesion, emotional expressions, interpersonal communication, recreation. It has a great bonding power and is important in terms of social dynamics. As it has an effect on society, so does it have an effect on an individual’s mind and body as well. Music intervention is convenient, inexpensive, user controlled and seems to be influencing the physiological system in a positive way if rightly used, this therapy and its intervention is applied now-a-days in various ailments and disease states as an adjuvant therapy. Vast research is going on to find the right music that could have the desired therapeutic effect where the physiology is deranged from the normal. Effect of music on pain modulation, exercise performance, Cardiac and Autonomic functions, Heart rate variability, emotions, anxiety, stress and entrainment of biological rhythms are well evaluated. Its application in enhancing higher functions like memory tasks and learning are also known. The evident physiological implications of music on various physiological parameters are being elaborated.
Syntropia – acid-dependent diseases and hypertension
Authors: CALIN Ghenadie , ISTRATI Valeriu , STOICA Mihaela , SCURTU Alina , SCORPAN Anatolie , SIRBU Oxana
Published: July 2022

Introduction. With syntropy of CVD and AH, the pathology of the digestive system can exacerbate the course of AH and develop special conditions for increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications. Pharmacotherapy of HD may affect the course and progression of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Material and methods. The study was conducted using the PubMed, Z-library, NCIB, Medscape, Mendeley databases using the keywords: “syntropy”, “comorbidity”, “arterial hypertension”, “acid-dependent diseases”, “gastric ulcer”, “gastroesophageal reflux disease”.

Results. AH and CVD are quite often observed together, having, moreover, a conditioned commonality of the mechanisms of formation. The proximity of the location with the heart, the commonality of innervation, in the pathology of the esophagus, can create viscero-visceral reflexes and provoke arrhythmias, imitate coronary heart disease. Pathology of the upper gastrointestinal tract can lead to functional disorders of the cardiovascular system, manifested through the autonomic nervous system. The combined course of AH and CVD, observed, according to various sources, from 11.6% to 50%, is not just random, but may have pathogenetic and etiological patterns. Comorbidity of CVD and AH can enhance the development of the main pathological process and lead to disruption of adaptive mechanisms.

Conclusions. The syntropy of AH and CVD requires thorough scientific studies to discover and elucidate the pathogenetic features of the course and methods of better drug therapy.
An overview of plant tissue culture research trends at Areka Agricultural Research Center, Southern Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia 2016-2019
Authors: Mekso Mekibib , Mena Tigist Markos
Published: July 2022

Plant tissue culture techniques have encountered a lot of obstacles and breakthroughs as a life-giving technology in numerous field of biotechnology research. Tissue culture technology has evolved throughout times in the world, from shoot tip culture to variety creation. Plant tissue culture may be thought of as a collection of techniques/methodologies that make uses distinct rooms and essential facilities.

The Areka tissue culture research laboratory was established with the aim of conducting comprehensive plant biotechnology researches. However, numerous challenges and opportunities have arisen in the course of attempting to conduct tissue culture experiments in the lab. In fact, the lab highlighted several accomplishments in a few key areas while also tracking improvement over time. Therefore, this walk-through review offers an overall picture of the lab in relation to the research plans, status, and trends. As a result, contribute to the provision of baseline information for future study advancement.
Constraining High-redshift Stellar-mass Primordial Black Holes with Next-generation Ground-based Gravitational-wave Detectors
Authors: Ng Ken K. Y. , Franciolini Gabriele , Berti Emanuele , Pani Paolo , Riotto Antonio , Vitale Salvatore
Published: July 2022

The possible existence of primordial black holes in the stellar-mass window has received considerable attention because their mergers may contribute to current and future gravitational-wave detections. Primordial black hole mergers, together with mergers of black holes originating from Population III stars, are expected to dominate at high redshifts (z ≳ 10). However, the primordial black hole merger rate density is expected to rise monotonically with redshift, while Population III mergers can only occur after the birth of the first stars. Next-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as the Cosmic Explorer (CE) and Einstein Telescope (ET) can access this distinctive feature in the merger rates as functions of redshift, allowing for direct measurement of the abundance of the two populations and hence for robust constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes. We simulate four months’ worth of data observed by a CE-ET detector network and perform hierarchical Bayesian analysis to recover the merger rate densities. We find that if the universe has no primordial black holes with masses of


(
10

M

⊙

)

, the projected upper limit on their abundance f
PBH as a fraction of dark matter energy density may be as low as

f

PBH

∼

(

10

−
5

)

, about two orders of magnitude lower than the current upper limits in this mass range. If instead f
PBH ≳ 10−4, future gravitational-wave observations would exclude f
PBH = 0 at the 95% credible interval.
Jansky Very Large Array Detections of CO(1–0) Emission in H i-absorption-selected Galaxies at z ≳ 2
Authors: Kaur B. , Kanekar N. , Rafelski M. , Neeleman M. , Prochaska J. X. , Revalski M.
Published: July 2022

We report a Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array search for redshifted CO(1–0) emission from three H i-absorption-selected galaxies at z ≈ 2, identified earlier in their CO(3–2) or CO(4–3) emission. We detect CO(1–0) emission from DLA B1228-113 at z ≈ 2.1933 and DLA J0918+1636 at z ≈ 2.5848; these are the first detections of CO(1–0) emission in high-z H i-selected galaxies. We obtain high molecular gas masses, M
mol ≈ 1011 × (α
CO/4.36) M
⊙, for the two objects with CO(1–0) detections, which are a factor of ≈1.5–2 lower than earlier estimates. We determine the excitation of the mid-J CO rotational levels relative to the J = 1 level, r

J1, in H i-selected galaxies for the first time, obtaining r
31 = 1.00 ± 0.20 and r
41 = 1.03 ± 0.23 for DLA J0918+1636, and r
31 = 0.86 ± 0.21 for DLA B1228-113. These values are consistent with thermal excitation of the J = 3 and J = 4 levels. The excitation of the J = 3 level in the H i-selected galaxies is similar to that seen in massive main-sequence and submillimeter galaxies at z≳2, but higher than that in main-sequence galaxies at z ≈ 1.5; the higher excitation of the galaxies at z ≳ 2 is likely to be due to their higher star formation rate (SFR) surface density. We use Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 imaging to detect the rest-frame near-ultraviolet (NUV) emission of DLA B1228-113, obtaining an NUV SFR of 4.44 ± 0.47 M
⊙ yr−1, significantly lower than that obtained from the total infrared luminosity, indicating significant dust extinction in the z ≈ 2.1933 galaxy.
Characterizing the Breakdown of Quasi-universality in Postmerger Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Raithel Carolyn A. , Most Elias R.
Published: July 2022

The postmerger gravitational wave (GW) emission from a binary neutron star merger is expected to provide exciting new constraints on the dense-matter equation of state (EoS). Such constraints rely, by and large, on the existence of quasi-universal relations, which relate the peak frequencies of the postmerger GW spectrum to properties of the neutron star structure in a model-independent way. In this work, we report on violations of existing quasi-universal relations between the peak spectral frequency, f
2, and the stellar radius, for EoS models with backwards-bending slopes in their mass–radius relations (such that the radius increases at high masses). The violations are extreme, with variations in f
2 of up to ∼600 Hz between EoSs that predict the same radius for a 1.4 M
⊙ neutron star but that have significantly different radii at higher masses. Quasi-universality can be restored by adding in a second parameter to the fitting formulae that depends on the slope of the mass–radius curve. We further find strong evidence that quasi-universality is better maintained for the radii of very massive stars (with masses 2 M
⊙). Both statements imply that f
2 is mainly sensitive to the high-density EoS. Combined with observations of the binary neutron star inspiral, these generalized quasi-universal relations can be used to simultaneously infer the characteristic radius and slope of the neutron star mass–radius relation.
A dataset of sea turtle occurrences around the Taiwan coast
Authors: Hoh Daphne Z. , Fong Chia-Ling , Su Huai , Chen Pengyu , Tsai Chia-Chen , Tseng Kelly W. H. , Liu Melissa J. Y.
Published: July 2022

We describe a dataset of sea turtle sightings around the coast of Taiwan and its islands. The data was collected by citizen scientists and reported to TurtleSpot Taiwan, a citizen science initiative that collects sea turtle sighting data mainly through the Facebook group. This dataset includes 3,515 sighting data dated from March 2010, except most of the data (n=3,128; 89%) falls were between June 2017 to December 2021. A standardized format of basic sighting information was suggested to anyone who wishes to report the occurrence. We also request photos and videos for turtle species identification and to record any physical abnormality. In addition to the basic data often associated with an occurrence, TurtleSpot aims to identify each sea turtle up to the individual level using the Photo ID method. Hence, if a good quality photo of left- and right-facial scutes were available, the sighted individual can be identified and given a unique Turtle ID. In total, 762 turtle individuals were assigned a turtle ID, comprising 723 green, 38 hawksbill, and 1 olive ridley turtles. The data of TurtleSpot Taiwan has allowed some ecological observations of sea turtles in the wild, such as witnessing the recovery of some injured turtles, behaviours, intra- and inter-species interactions, and physical abnormality. These data will offer essential information that helps to understand the foraging ecology of sea turtles and assists in the development of conservation measures.

This dataset contains 3,515 occurrence records of sea turtles and is currently the largest public dataset of sea turtle sighting records in Taiwan. Post-publication of this dataset to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) demonstrated that the number of green sea turtle Chelonia mydas occurrence records is few of the top in the world. The data served as the foundation for understanding sea turtle ecology in Taiwan's coastal waters.
Generalized tilting modules and Frobenius extensions
Authors: Fu Dongxing , Xu Xiaowei , Zhao Zhibing
Published: July 2022

Let $ A/S $ be a ring extension with $ S $ commutative. We prove that $ \omega{\otimes}_SA_A $ is a generalized tilting module if $ \omega_S $ is a generalized tilting module. In this case, we obtain that $ ^\bot \omega $-resol.dim$ _S(M) $ and $ ^\bot (\omega\otimes_SA) $-resol.dim$ _A(M) $ are identical for any $ A $-module $ M $. As an application, we show that $ S $ satisfies gorenstein symmetric Conjecture if and only if so does $ A $. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of $ ^\bot\omega $-Gorenstein projective modules, and we obtain that the relative Gorenstein projectivity is invariant under Frobenius extensions.
Computational analysis of COVID-19 model outbreak with singular and nonlocal operator
Authors: Amin Maryam , Farman Muhammad , Akgül Ali , Partohaghighi Mohammad , Jarad Fahd
Published: July 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic remains a pressing issue with its unpredictable nature, and it spreads worldwide through human interaction. Current research focuses on the investigation and analysis of fractional epidemic models that discuss the temporal dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the community. In this work, we choose a fractional-order mathematical model to examine the transmissibility in the community of several symptoms of COVID-19 in the sense of the Caputo operator. Sensitivity analysis of $ R_{0} $ and disease-free local stability of the system are checked. Also, with the assistance of fixed point theory, we demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the system. In addition, numerically we solve the fractional model and presented some simulation results via actual estimation parameters. Graphically we displayed the effects of numerous model parameters and memory indexes. The numerical outcomes show the reliability, validation, and accuracy of the scheme.
Simple contracts with adverse selection and moral hazard
Authors: Gottlieb Daniel , Moreira Humberto
Published: July 2022

We study a principal–agent model with moral hazard and adverse selection. Risk‐neutral agents with limited liability have arbitrary private information about the distribution of outputs and the cost of effort. We show that under a multiplicative separability condition, the optimal mechanism offers a single contract. This condition holds, for example, when output is binary. If the principal's payoff must also satisfy free disposal and the distribution of outputs has the monotone likelihood ratio property, the mechanism offers a single debt contract. Our results generalize if the output distribution is “close” to multiplicatively separable. Our model suggests that offering a single contract may be optimal in environments with adverse selection and moral hazard when agents are risk‐neutral and have limited liability.
Participation constraints in discontinuous adverse selection models
Authors: Martimort David , Stole Lars A.
Published: July 2022

We present a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of optimal control problems with pure state constraints for which the objective function is linear in the state variable but the objective function is only required to be upper semicontinuous in the control variable. We apply those conditions to economic environments in contract theory where discontinuities in objectives prevail. Examples of applications include nonlinear pricing of digital goods and nonlinear pricing under competitive threat.
Experimentation in organizations
Authors: Moroni Sofia
Published: July 2022

We consider a moral hazard problem in which a principal provides incentives to a team of agents to work on a risky project. The project consists of two milestones of unknown feasibility. While working unsuccessfully, the agents' private beliefs regarding the feasibility of the project decline. This learning requires the principal to provide rents to prevent the agents from procrastinating and free‐riding on others' discoveries. To reduce these rents, the principal stops the project inefficiently early and gives identical agents asymmetric experimentation assignments. The principal prefers to reward agents with better future contract terms or task assignments rather than monetary bonuses.
Surplus sharing in Cournot oligopoly
Authors: Condorelli Daniele , Szentes Balázs
Published: July 2022

We characterize equilibria of oligopolistic markets where identical firms with constant marginal cost compete à la Cournot. For given maximal willingness to pay and maximal total demand, we first identify all combinations of equilibrium consumer surplus and industry profit that can arise from arbitrary demand functions. Then, as a further restriction, we fix the average willingness to pay above marginal cost (i.e., first‐best surplus) and identify all possible triples of consumer surplus, industry profit, and deadweight loss.
Persuasion with unknown beliefs
Authors: Kosterina Svetlana
Published: July 2022

A sender designs an information structure to persuade a receiver to take an action. The sender is ignorant about the receiver's prior, and evaluates each information structure using the receiver's prior that is the worst for the sender. I characterize the optimal information structures in this environment. I show that there exists an optimal signal with two realizations, characterize the support of the signal realization recommending approval,, and show that the optimal signal is a hyperbola. The lack of knowledge of the receiver's prior causes the sender to hedge her bets: the optimal signal induces the high action in more states than in the standard model, albeit with a lower probability. Increasing the sender's ignorance can hurt both the sender and the receiver.
Archivo Español de Arqueología. Un análisis historiográfico
Authors: Salas Álvarez Jesús , Durán Cabello Rosalía María
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es ofrecer un análisis historiográfico preliminar de la revista Archivo Español de Arqueología desde su nacimiento en 1925 como Archivo Español de Arte y Arqueología hasta el año 2019. Este largo periodo se ha dividido en varias etapas en razón de los cambios en su estructura, organización y orientación temática, relacionándolas con los cambios que ha experimentado la Arqueología española durante casi un siglo. Finalmente se avanzan algunas consideraciones generales, estableciendo futuras líneas de investigación historiográfica para analizar de forma más detallada en el futuro.
El liberalismo en crisis. Notas críticas sobre las libertades y las esclavitudes en Benjamin Constant
Authors: Marey Macarena
Published: July 2022

En este artículo presento un análisis no-ideal de una serie de problemas teóricos del liberalismo que afectan a los discursos liberales en las prácticas políticas concretas del presente con consecuencias desdemocratizantes, incluyendo su instrumentalización neoconservadora. Usando la actitud de Benjamin Constant hacia la esclavitud como caso de análisis, intento mostrar que hay en el liberalismo una ignorancia voluntaria respecto de injusticias estructurales que es causada en gran medida por su tesis básica de que la opresión fundamental es la que ejercen el Estado y la comunidad política sobre el individuo. La centralidad de esta opresión en la teoría liberal le impide dar un lugar teórico adecuado a las injusticias, dominaciones y opresiones que se ejercen en las relaciones sociales.
Foucault y el neoliberalismo: análisis de una controversia
Authors: Chamorro Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo analiza la controversia surgida en la última década acerca de la supuesta «fascinación» de Michel Foucault por el neoliberalismo, especialmente alrededor de las intervenciones de Daniel Zamora y Michael C. Behrent. Sus tesis son contrastadas con los propios escritos foucaultianos y reconsideradas desde un acercamiento al contexto histórico, político e intelectual de la Francia de los setenta que evidencia una complejidad a nuestro juicio ausente en los estudios de aquellos autores. Este trabajo trata de mostrar, así, que las limitaciones del acercamiento de Michel Foucault al neoliberalismo no responden a unas «simpatías» neoliberales más o menos ocultas, sino a otro tipo de problemas -fundamentalmente analíticos-.
Crítica de la economía política y relaciones de fuerzas en el «regreso a Marx» de Gramsci
Authors: Sánchez Berrocal Alejandro
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo se centra en el papel que desempeñan la crítica de la economía política y la filosofía marxiana en la redefinición de la filosofía política de Gramsci en el momento intelectual denominado como «regreso a Marx». Por un lado, se muestra la importancia teórica del concepto de mercado determinado en la formación de nociones como «sociedad civil» y «relaciones de fuerzas». Por otro, evaluamos la relectura carcelaria de algunas obras de Marx a cargo del filósofo italiano y sus efectos en la revisión de ciertos temas como el de la relación entre estructura-superestructura o la teoría de la hegemonía. El objetivo es presentar una interpretación de la ontología social gramsciana la cual, a través de una original interpretación de la crítica de la economía política y actualizando los principios teóricos del «materialismo histórico» en una «filosofía de la praxis», es capaz de aportar una teoría sobre la génesis, reproducción y crisis de una determinada formación social.
Qui fait « la police pour les Anglais » ?
Authors: Grard Héloïse
Published: July 2022

Fondé sur une enquête ethnographique dans un port qui est aussi une frontière entre la France et le Royaume-Uni, l’article analyse les doubles processus de privatisation et de sécurisation des frontières et l’émergence de nouveaux métiers de la frontière. L’enquête auprès des agents d’escales et de sécurité vise à comprendre comment des agents privés composent avec l’exercice de fonctions publiques qui leur sont déléguées, notamment celle du contrôle migratoire. L’article montre comment ces « petits professionnels de l’international », à mi-chemin entre le secteur public et le secteur privé, s’approprient ou rejettent ces nouvelles fonctions, quelles marges de manœuvre ils réussissent à négocier, et finalement, comment ils construisent quotidiennement la frontière.
Collaborative Ubiquitous Learning and Multimodal Communication in English Language Courses
Authors: García-Sánchez Soraya , Clouet Richard
Published: July 2022

This chapter builds on the premise that English language (EL) courses in higher education must be properly designed under a collaborative ubiquitous learning (CUL) ecosystem providing adequate content and experiential learning tasks that correspond with multimodal communication oriented to professional and academic purposes. Firstly, it explores the most recent pedagogical advances of a systematic bibliographical review regarding CUL, multimodality, and EL courses in higher education. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the academic literature, extracted from the databases Web of Science and Scopus, was based on the most significant scientific studies (103 publications) and the most relevant bibliometric indicators from 1995 to 2022. Secondly, this review offers some pedagogical reflections and innovative research lines regarding multimodal and collaborative ubiquitous learning in EL courses. This pedagogical scaffolding addresses students' needs onsite and offsite so that communicative real-life or professionally based situations are built in a CUL environment.
The Effect of Multimodal Learning Preferences on Two English Instructional Programs
Authors: Alejandra Montero-SaizAja
Published: July 2022

The chapter explores the perceptual learning style preferences of multimodal English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in two English instructional programs. This study also aims at ascertaining if there is a relationship among perceptual learning style preferences and the English instructional programs. The sample comprised 24 Spanish EFL learners in the 12th year of secondary education (equivalent to the 12th grade): eight studied English as a school subject and 16 were enrolled in a collaboration program with the Official School of Languages. Results revealed that the latter group had slightly more learning preferences, but the type of preferences were similar in both programs. However, findings suggested an absence of differences among the perceptual learning style preferences of multimodal EFL learners and the instructional programs in which they were enrolled.
Technology-Enhanced Education of English in Ubiquitous Context
Authors: Meyran-Martínez Céline , Bacca-Acosta Jorge , Buchner Josef
Published: July 2022

This chapter deals with the evolution of research in English language education linked to applied technologies, under the ubiquitous paradigm, over the past 60 years (1960-2021). Descriptive (authors, articles, citations) and relational (co-words, co-citation, co-author) bibliometric indicators are used to trawl a database of 5219 documents from Scopus. Bibliometrix R package, biblioshiny, and VOSviewer analysis are handled to draw the trends of this area around the world. The findings demonstrate that main topics passed from ESL to technology education to the technology integration for learning processes. The trending topics for the field include mobile-assisted language learning, WhatsApp (and other social media), gamification, virtual reality, and online learning. Well-developed topics include motivation, writing, and teacher education. Future research directions are also discussed.
Analyzing the Impact of Machine Learning on Cancer Treatments
Authors: Chang Victor , Srilikhita Gunji , Xu Qianwen Ariel , Hossain M. A. , Guizani Mohsen
Published: July 2022

The survival rate of breast cancer prediction has been a significant issue for researchers. Nowadays, the health care industry has completely transformed by using modern technologies and their applications for medical services. Among those technologies, machine learning is one of them, which has gained attention by people that its new advanced technology would give accurate results by using modeling methods for prediction. As this is a branch of artificial intelligence, it employs various statics, probabilistic and optimistic tools. This is applied to medical services, especially which are based on proteomic and genomic measurements. The aim is to use the dataset of cancer treatment and predict the results of patients by using machine learning with its modeling methods for accurate results. Recently experts have even used this machine learning in cancer for prognosis and forecasting.
A Robust Intelligent System for Detecting Tomato Crop Diseases Using Deep Learning
Authors: Afify Mohamed , Loey Mohamed , Elsawy Ahmed
Published: July 2022

The tomato crop is a strategic crop in the Egyptian market with high commercial value and large production. However, tomato diseases can cause huge losses and reduce yields. This work aims to use deep learning to construct a robust intelligent system for detecting tomato crop diseases to help farmers and agricultural workers by comparing the performance of four different recent state-of-the-art deep learning models to recognize 9 different diseases of tomatoes. In order to maximize the system's generalization ability, data augmentation, fine-tuning, label smoothing, and dataset enrichment techniques were investigated. The best-performing model achieved an average accuracy of 99.12% with a hold-out test set from the original dataset and an accuracy of 71.43% with new images downloaded from the Internet that had never been seen before. Training and testing were performed on a computer, and the final model was deployed on a smartphone for real-time on-site disease classification.
Resource Scheduling in Fog Environment Using Optimization Algorithms for 6G Networks
Authors: Goel Gaurav , Tiwari Rajeev
Published: July 2022

In the traditional system, various researchers have suggested different resource scheduling and optimization algorithms. However, still, there is a scope to reduce Bandwidth, latency, energy consumption, and total communication cost in the Fog environment. in this work discussion is done on various performance challenges that are experienced in the Fog Environment based on 6G networks and explore the role of optimization techniques to overcome these challenges This work is focused on the Comparison of PSO, GA, and Round-Robin algorithm on parameters Cost, makespan, average execution time, and energy consumption for the resource management in the Fog environment. This study also represents which technique among the Group behavior species, Social Behaviour, and Pre-emptive type is better for achieving QoS for resource management in the Fog environment for the 6G network. In this work, we have discussed various resource scheduling problems that may be faced in the future, and what type of improvement can be considered in terms of IoT devices and 6G networks.
Study on Grain Boundary Sensitization in Heat Affected Zone of Austenitic Stainless Steel and its Evaluation Method
Authors: Zhao Bo , Dai Qiang , Zhao Zhi Juan , He Meng , Wang Li Xian , Zhang Guang Hui
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the simulated welding structure at different areas of heat affected zone (HAZ) of austenitic stainless steel are prepared by heating furnace, and the deference of intergranular corrosion resistance of all samples were determined by comparative methods of oxalic acid etching, hot-acid test and electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation tests (EPR), and the effectiveness of all those methods were analysis and determination at the same time. The result shows that the susceptibility degree at different areas of HAZ increased with the heating temperature increase, but all structures can pass hot-acid test and EPR test, indicating that it could maintain good performance of intergranular corrosion resistance. The hot-acid test results have good consistency with EPR test , but inconsistent with oxalic acid etching test. The results show that the evaluation of oxalic acid etching is too much strict to be used as a judgment method, so that not suitable of use for inspection.
Results of Experimental Investigations of Reinforced Concrete Wall Elements According to the Standard Temperature Mode of Fire
Authors: Perehin Alina , Nuianzin Oleksandr , Borysova Anna , Nuianzin Vitalii
Published: July 2022

Methods for determining the actual limit of fire resistance of reinforced concrete building structures in case of fire are analyzed. On the basis of the offered methods the technique which gives the chance to receive data of temperature distributions on a surface of a fragment of a wall and in its section is created. The method of conducting a fire test to calculate the limit of fire resistance of a small fragment of the load-bearing wall and verify the reproducibility of experimental data is described. The distribution of temperatures over the entire area of the fire furnace, the studied fragment was checked and the obtained results were analyzed. According to the results of this work, the following was established: the aim of the work was to obtain the results of temperature distributions on the surface, in the points of integration in the cross sections of fragments of reinforced concrete walls for further calculation of their fire resistance limit and check reproducibility of experimental data. It is established that the temperature obtained as a result of the fire test corresponds to the standard temperature of the fire and this method of fire test to determine the temperature distributions of a small fragment of the load-bearing wall in fire conditions is acceptable for use. The error between the experimentally determined and theoretically calculated limit of fire resistance is not more than 3%.
Study on Corrosion Behavior of Simulated Welding Microstructure of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Zong Rui Lei , Zhao Bo , Wang Qing Jiang , Yin Qing Feng , Jin Dong
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the simulated welding structure of austenitic stainless steel is prepared by external heating, and the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel in different areas of heat affected zone (HAZ) is evaluated by means of metallographic structure analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test and equivalent circuit numerical fitting analysis. The result shows that the simulated welding structure of austenitic stainless steel had a growth trend with the increase of heating temperature, but the growth trend is not very obvious. The short thermal process has insufficient driving force for the growth of single-phase austenitic structure. The resulting of product resistance and charge transfer resistance of simulated welding microstructure of austenitic stainless steel is not completely consistent. The simulated welding microstructure of stainless steel shows the tendency of corrosion resistance degradation with the heating temperature increasing, and it has slightly lower when the maximum heating temperature locating at 1000-1100 °C.
Effects of Metal Matrix Composition on the Pre-Sintering Process of Cu-Based Metallic Friction Materials
Authors: Jang Jin Man , Lee Won Sik
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the effect of the metal matrix composition of the friction material on the pre-sintering process through a simulation experiment on the Sprinkle sintering process. No segregation in the pre-sintered microstructure of the free-deposited friction material powder and no cracks are observed at the interface with the steel plate. In the case of a brass composition containing Zn and trace elements having relatively high vapor pressure, expansion occurs due to the volatilization of the composition elements during pre-sintering. On the contrary, in the case of bronze-based powder, the effect is insignificant. Therefore, when the friction material is manufactured using the sprinkle sintering method, the matrix composition must be selected in consideration of the volatilization effect of the metal matrix element.
Design and Research of Bituminous Compositions Modified by Rubber Brittle Waste
Authors: Cherkashina Anna , Lavrova Inna , Lebedev Vladimir , Tykhomyrova Tetyana
Published: July 2022

Research on improving petroleum bitumen complex properties by modifying them with polymeric elastomers in the form of rubber waste are given in this article. The purpose of the research is to create a bituminous-rubber composition with an increased set of thermo-physical and physical-mechanical characteristics. The effect of bitumen modification with waste rubber crumb and powder in combination with the addition of taurite on the melting temperature, the degree of crosslinking, toughness and heat resistance of the compositions was studied. The optimal composition of bituminous-rubber compositions modified with taurite with high thermo-physical and physical-mechanical characteristics has been determined.
Therapeutic Effect of Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models Is Mediated via T Regulatory Cells
Authors: Kiapour Nazanin , Wu Bing , Wang Yan , Seyedsadr Maryamsadat , Kapoor Sahil , Zhang Xin , Elzoheiry Manal , Kasimoglu Ezgi , Wan Yisong , Markovic-Plese Silva
Published: July 2022

The objective of this study is to determine the mechanism of action of anti-CD52 mAb treatment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of the disease, was used to address the role of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the anti-CD52 mAb–induced suppression of the disease. In vitro studies on PBMCs from RRMS patients and matched healthy controls determined the effect of IL-7 on the expansion of CD4+CD25+CD127− Tregs and induction of their suppressive phenotype. This study using EAE animal models of MS has shown that mouse anti-CD52 mAb suppression of clinical disease was augmented by coadministration of IL-7 and partially reversed by anti-IL-7 mAb. In vitro human studies showed that IL-7 induced expansion of CD4+CD25+CD127− Tregs and increased their FOXP3, GITIR, CD46, CTLA-4, granzyme B, and perforin expression. Anti-CD52 mAb treatment of mice with relapsing-remitting EAE induced expansion of Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs and the suppression of IL-17A+CD4+ and IFN-γ+CD4+ cells in peripheral immune organs and CNS infiltrates. The effect was detected immediately after the treatment and maintained over long-term follow-up. Foxp3+CD4+ Treg-mediated suppression of IL-17A+CD4+ and IFN-γ+CD4+ cells in the spinal cord infiltrates was reversed after inducible Foxp3 depletion. Our results demonstrated that the therapeutic effect of U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved anti-CD52 mAb is dependent on the presence of Tregs.
miR-146a Maintains Immune Tolerance of Kupffer Cells and Facilitates Hepatitis B Virus Persistence in Mice
Authors: Liu Yongai , Qin Lijuan , Wang Jiuru , Xie Xialin , Zhang Yu , Li Changfei , Guan Zeliang , Qian Liyuan , Chen Lizhao , Hu Jun , Meng Songdong
Published: July 2022

Kupffer cells (KCs), the largest tissue-resident macrophage population in the body, play a central role in maintaining a delicate balance between immune tolerance and immunity in the liver. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we show that KCs express high levels of miR-146a, which is under control of the PU.1 transcription factor. miR-146a deficiency promoted KCs differentiation toward a proinflammatory phenotype; conversely, miR-146a overexpression suppressed this phenotypic differentiation. We found that hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistence or HBV surface Ag treatment significantly upregulated miR-146a expression and thereby impaired polarization of KCs toward a proinflammatory phenotype. Furthermore, in an HBV carrier mouse model, KCs depletion by clodronate liposomes dramatically promoted HBV clearance and enhanced an HBV-specific hepatic CD8+ T cell and CD4+ T cell response. Consistent with this finding, miR-146a knockout mice cleared HBV faster and elicited a stronger adaptive antiviral immunity than wild-type mice. In vivo IL-12 blockade promoted HBV persistence and tempered the HBV-specific CTL response in the liver of miR-146a knockout mice. Taken together, our results identified miR-146a as a critical intrinsic regulator of an immunosuppressive phenotype in KCs under inflammatory stimuli, which may be beneficial in maintenance of liver homeostasis under physiological condition. Meanwhile, during HBV infection, miR-146a contributed to viral persistence by inhibiting KCs proinflammatory polarization, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in HBV infection.
Carbon Dioxide Sensing by Immune Cells Occurs through Carbonic Anhydrase 2–Dependent Changes in Intracellular pH
Authors: Strowitzki Moritz J , Nelson Ross , Garcia Mario P , Tuffs Christopher , Bleul Marc B , Fitzsimons Stephen , Navas Javier , Uzieliene Ilona , Ritter Alina S , Phelan David , Kierans Sarah J , Blanco Alfonso , Bernotiene Eiva , Belton Orina , Schneider Martin , Cummins Eoin P , Taylor Cormac T
Published: July 2022

CO2, the primary gaseous product of respiration, is a major physiologic gas, the biology of which is poorly understood. Elevated CO2 is a feature of the microenvironment in multiple inflammatory diseases that suppresses immune cell activity. However, little is known about the CO2-sensing mechanisms and downstream pathways involved. We found that elevated CO2 correlates with reduced monocyte and macrophage migration in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery and that elevated CO2 reduces migration in vitro. Mechanistically, CO2 reduces autocrine inflammatory gene expression, thereby inhibiting macrophage activation in a manner dependent on decreased intracellular pH. Pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of carbonic anhydrases (CAs) uncouples a CO2-elicited intracellular pH response and attenuates CO2 sensitivity in immune cells. Conversely, CRISPR-driven upregulation of the isoenzyme CA2 confers CO2 sensitivity in nonimmune cells. Of interest, we found that patients with chronic lung diseases associated with elevated systemic CO2 (hypercapnia) display a greater risk of developing anastomotic leakage following gastrointestinal surgery, indicating impaired wound healing. Furthermore, low intraoperative pH levels in these patients correlate with reduced intestinal macrophage infiltration. In conclusion, CO2 is an immunomodulatory gas sensed by immune cells through a CA2-coupled change in intracellular pH.