bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Student Understanding about Teacher Competency (Personal Competence)
Authors: Amsal Mutiara Felicita , Munir Munir , Rusman Rusman , Sagita Dony Darma
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the extent of student understanding of the personality and social competence of teachers. Personality competence is part of teacher competence that must be known by prospective teacher students. This study uses quantitative research methods with a sample of 173 PGSD students in the fourth semester. Based on the results of the study, it was found that 20% of the students did not understand the competence of teachers, especially the personality competencies that prospective teachers must possess to become teachers in the future. Personal competence is a competency that must be possessed by every teacher. Personality competencies do not just appear, but must be instilled since the teacher is still a teacher candidate at a teacher training college.
Strategies for Avoiding Elementary School Students from Radicalism in Integrated Islamic Elementary School in West Sumatera
Authors: Zulmuqim Zulmuqim , Zainimal Zainimal , Mahmud Mahmud , Zalnur Muhammad , Adriantoni Adriantoni , Dewi Puti Andam
Published: February 2023

The Integrated Islamic Elementary School curriculum is considered exclusive, such as rejecting the ideology of other religions, claims of separation between Islam and the state and even believing in the government's evil conspiracy. Eradication of radicalism in schools is intended to narrow the space for movement, therefore the role of Integrated Islamic Elementary Schools (IIES) is very important in breaking away from the notion of radicalism. This study was conducted to answer the question of how the strategy of an integrated Islamic elementary school in integrating the curriculum, extracurricular activities, environmental creation and other activities to prevent radicalism is carried out. This is qualitative research with principals, teachers and students as the subject of documentation studies, and interviews, while data analysis is carried out with the stages of reduction, exploration, verification and contextualization of data. The result of this research is that research shows that the integration of the learning curriculum at IIES West Sumatra is divided into four types that strengthen the applicable curriculum for character strengthening, personal strengthening of students to face global challenges. Strategies in extracurricular activities are carried out with a structured and systematic pattern. The three strategies for creating the environment are pursued in an Islamic atmosphere, non-discriminatory, based on genetic characteristics, upholding ethical values, respecting cultural pluralism, and a polite culture for school members. The four strategies for routine, spontaneous and exemplary activities to prevent radicalism are carried out by strengthening character and integrating activities with learning activities, nurturing and habituation in the form of worship activities, order, neatness and cleanliness, eating and drinking. drinking, social behavior. So it can be concluded that there is no indication of the strengthening of radical ideology in IIES West Sumatra
Longitudinal study of olfactory dysfunction among COVID-19 patients in a single tertiary centre in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Akashah Izzah , Saniasiaya Jeyasakthy ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Prepageran Narayanan ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Su-Lin Teh Carren ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Aim: The aim of the study was to outline the longitudinal outcomes of olfactory dysfunction amongst patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a single tertiary centre in Malaysia. Materials and methods: Adults patients who tested positive for COVID-19 via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and were admitted to Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, were recruited in this study. The patients completed a questionnaire via telephone interview comprising the following details: age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities, general and otorhinolaryngological symptoms, and onset and duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The patients with persistent olfactory and gustatory dysfunction at the time of the initial interview were followed up every 3 to 5 days until resolution. Results: A total 185 patients were included in this study out of 378 patients contacted. Ninety patients reported olfactory dysfunction symptoms, with 59 of them complaining of anosmia. The mean age of the participants was 39.52 years (age range: 18–66 years). More than half of the patients with olfactory dysfunction had no comorbidities (55.56%). Of the 90 patients with olfactory dysfunction, 66 patients (73.3%), including 40 males and 26 females, regained their olfactory function completely within 2 weeks. The remaining 24 patients were contacted after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Ten patients (11.1%) were found to have recovered their sense of smell after one month, while 5 patients (5.56%) recovered within 2 months, and 1 patient (1.11%) recovered in 3 months. Conclusion: Complete recovery was noted in 73% of the patients within a period of 2 weeks, whereas persistence of symptoms was noted in 6 patients (6.67%) after 3 months.
A giant heart tumour diagnosed accidentally in a 6-year-old boy with wide QRS complex tachycardia
Authors:   Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Szydłowski Andrzej , Kusa Jacek ,   Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Gruszczyńska Katarzyna ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Skierska Agnieszka ,   Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Moric-Janiszewska Ewa ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland, Olczak Zbigniew ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 6, Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland, Szydłowska Anna ,   Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Upper Silesian Child Health Centre, Katowice, Poland
Published: February 2023

The paper presents a case report of a 6-year-old boy with broad QRS tachycardia, who was accidentally diagnosed with a cardiac tumour. The tachycardia occurred twice, 10 months apart, and was quickly interrupted in a night medical care unit by performing a carotid sinus massage. Electrocardiography was performed, but its low quality did not allow for a detailed analysis, except for the heart rate, which was 180 bpm. Cardiological diagnosis was performed in a reference centre. No laboratory abnormalities were found. Holter ECG recorded only 374 single ventricular beats, while a routine echo revealed a very large 4.2 × 3.1 cm tumour in the interventricular septum, which did not impede intracardiac blood flow. The presence of the tumour was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging of the heart, in which a fibroma was suspected. A beta-blocker (metoprolol) was included in the treatment and further cardiac monitoring was recommended. The boy was discharged home with a recommended follow-up in 2 months. He did not report for the appointment, while his parents requested for full imaging documentation.
Significance of molecular and genetic research in hypochromic microcytic anemia refractory to ferrotherapy in the diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria
Authors:   СNE of LRC «Western Ukrainian Specialized Pediatric Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Dorosh O.I. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Bodak Kh.I. ,   СNE of LRC «Western Ukrainian Specialized Pediatric Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Makukh H.W. ,   Institute of Hereditary Pathology of the NAMS of Ukraine, Lviv, Tsymbalyuk-Voloshyn I.P. ,   СNE of LRC «Western Ukrainian Specialized Pediatric Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Mykh A.M. ,   СNE of LRC «Western Ukrainian Specialized Pediatric Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Seredych L.P. ,   СNE of LRC «Western Ukrainian Specialized Pediatric Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare hereditary disease that occurs worldwide, but there are regional differences in its epidemiology. The disease is caused by a partial deficiency of ferrochelatase, which is the last enzyme in the pathway of heme biosynthesis. In typical EPP, photosensitivity appears after first exposure to the sun in early childhood. Microcytic anemia is observed in 20-60% of registered EPP patients, which is mistakenly initially diagnosed as iron-deficiency anemia and prescribed iron-containing drugs. Purpose - is to present a clinical case of iron refractory hypochromic microcytic anemia in a four-month-old boy to improve the diagnosis of EPP. Clinical case. In the publication, we report on a 4-month-old boy in whom the disease debuted with hypochromic microcytic anemia refractory to the administration of iron preparations, target-like erythrocytes, normal indicators of iron metabolism, a slight enlargement of the spleen were found in the peripheral blood smear. The emphasis in the publication is on differential diagnosis, preventive measures and modern pathogenetic treatment with the latest approaches, which are aimed at solving the main defects at the molecular or cellular level, with the prospect of significantly improving the results of this orphan disease. Verification of the disease took place with the help of genome sequencing, a heterozygous pathogenic mutation FECH c.315-48T>C, characteristic of EPP which the child received from the father, was found. The experience of iron-refractory hypochromic microcytic anemia in a four-month-old boy gave grounds to expand the range of examinations, including hemoglobin electrophoresis and the use of molecular genetic studies, for differential diagnostic purposes. The report of this clinical case will be of informational value for family doctors, pediatricians, hematologists and a wide range of specialists. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
The role of independent work of students in training future highly qualified specialists
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Lisetska I.S. , Dmytrenko I.A. ,   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The concept of higher medical education is an integrated approach to the formation of a harmoniously and comprehensively developed personality of a specialist. The training of modern specialists should be at such a level that tomorrow they will confidently and on equal terms compete professionally not only in Ukraine but also abroad, be able to creatively and quickly solve non-standard production, scientific, educational tasks with the best possible result. Today, independent work of students is an obligatory part of the educational process, the importance of which is constantly growing in the conditions of the credit-modular system of education and is considered as one of the active forms and methods of teaching. During the educational process in higher medical institutions, various types of independent work of students are used, such as individual preparation for practical, seminar classes and final module controls, preparation for the defense of case histories, participation in the work of the student scientific circle, speeches and participation in scientific and practical conferences, forums, master classes, practically oriented competitions, etc. Information about the content, amount of time allocated, evaluation of students’ independent work is given in the curriculum and syllabus of the discipline and aims to expand and deepen knowledge and skills in this course, help to form clinical thinking, creative imagination and modeling of doctor’s tactics in a specific clinical situation, improve the assimilation of interdisciplinary integration of knowledge and skills, teaches to work with literary sources - to analyze, generalize, compare, thereby activating the creative component. Purpose - to analyze the forms of organization and to determine ways to improve the independent work of students as a component in the system of the educational process during the study at a medical university. Results and conclusions. Therefore, independent work of students is a mandatory, important form of the educational process, which allows to significantly increase the effectiveness of the training of a future specialist, helps to form the student’s skills of clinical thinking, independence and creative imagination. It provides an opportunity for the student to acquire new knowledge at the same time, to master the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization of information and to practically improve them. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Prediction of recurrent course of respiratory infections in premature infants
Authors:   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Kozakevіch E.B. , Kozakevіch V.K. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Ziuzina L.S. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Fesenko M.E. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine, Melashchenko E.I. ,   Poltava State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The problem of prevention of frequent respiratory diseases for children remains relevant. Among premature infants, the most vulnerable group are children with very low and extremely low birth weight. Therefore, the development of a clinical prognostic model for the development of respiratory recurrent infections in premature infants may be the basis for creating a preventive program of early intervention. Purpose - to determine the clinical and genetic determinants of the development of recurrent respiratory infections for children born with a body weight less than 1500 g and to develop an algorithm for early prediction of adverse effects. Materials and methods. A cohort prospective study was conducted, which involved 155 children with very low and extremely low body weight. Prediction of the development of recurrent respiratory diseases was performed using simple and step-by-step multiple logistic regression analysis. Genetic methods included polymorphism studies of the GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, ACE, AGT2R1 and eNOS genes. Results. Important predictors of increased morbidity of the examined children in a simple logistic regression analysis were: body weight at 12 months <10 percentile, rickets in the first year of life and artificial feeding at discharge from the neonatal hospital. The study showed no effect of genes polymorphism of the glutathione-S-transferase family and genes of the renin-angiotensin system on the development of recurrent respiratory infections in children with born weight less than 1500 g. Conclusions. The developed model for predicting the recurrent course of respiratory infections for children born with a body weight less than 1500 g has a high specificity (95.35%) and moderate sensitivity (76.90%), which indicates the possibility of its use for a personalized approach to prevention adverse effects. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Predicting the course of primary obstructive megaureter in children using oxidative stress markers
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine, Svekatun V.M. , Dmitriakov V.O. ,   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Currently, minimally invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment are being actively developed and implemented in pediatric urology, based on immunological and biochemical studies of the state of both the tubular apparatus of the kidney parenchyma and the organs of the entire urinary system. Purpose - to study clinical and laboratory diagnostic methods that will allow predicting the effectiveness of treatment based on indicators of the functional state of organs of the urinary system. Materials and methods. The blood serum of 130 children aged 1 to 48 months was tested: 15 children treated endoscopically; 28 children treated by open surgical method; 87 children without urinary tract obstruction. Results. In the comparative analysis of markers of oxidative destruction of proteins (aldehydephenylhydrazone - APH, ketonphenylhydrazone - KPH) and nitric oxide metabolites (nitric monoxide - NO, NO synthase - NOS) before and 3-6 months after the restoration of urodynamics, a decrease in the manifestations of oxidative stress was revealed, in particular, NO - in 58.13%, NOS - in 51.16%, APH - in 69.76%, KPH - in 69.76%. Despite the improvement of urodynamics, the absence of positive dynamics of markers of oxidative destruction of proteins (APH and KPH) in 30.23%, nitric oxide metabolites (NO - in 34.88%, NOS - in 41.86%) indicates that the functional capacity of the kidneys in a certain number of patients does not improve. Conclusions. The study of the content of markers of oxidative stress and the state of the antioxidant system, namely the concentration of NO, NOS, APH and КPH in the blood serum of children after correction of urodynamics are informative markers of the functional state of the kidney. The given data indicate the need for early diagnosis of primary obstructive megaureter in children and the use of staged treatment depending on the degree of urodynamic decompensation. When determining the evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment, it is the indicators of the functional state of the organs of the urinary system that should be taken into account as the main markers of a positive or negative result of the child’s treatment. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Clarkson’s disease in children (references review)
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine, Dudnyk V.M. , Korol T.H. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine, Morozova I.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine, Khromykh K.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine, Shalamai M.O. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Clarkson’s disease is an idiopathic systemic capillary permeability syndrome characterized by life-threatening hypotension, hypoalbuminemia, and hemoconcentration, often leading to hypovolemic shock. Purpose - to conduct a systematic review of literature sources on the mechanisms of development, clinical, laboratory and instrumental changes, as well as methods of treatment and prevention of the syndrome of increased permeability of capillaries. The literature review is devoted to the problem of idiopathic systemic syndrome of increased capillary permeability in pediatric practice. This syndrome can be idiopathic (Clarkson’s disease) or secondary to various conditions, such as engraftment syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, viral and bacterial infections, taking certain medications, such as chemotherapy. The periods of its development are highlighted, as well as possible mechanisms of development and links of pathogenesis, in particular, hypotheses that indicate immune dysregulation with an increase in circulating CD25+ T-lymphocytes, which leads to the activation of proteolytic enzymes and the development of endothelial dysfunction. The available clinical, laboratory and instrumental disorders manifested in Clarkson’s disease are characterized. Special attention is paid to possible variants of the course of the Clarkson's disease, which can also have a chronic variant of the course without specific clinical signs. Possible causes of the development of secondary syndrome of increased permeability of capillaries are also identified, such as sepsis, trauma, implantation syndrome and ovarian hyperstimulation, viral hemorrhagic fevers, autoimmune and hematological diseases. Since there are currently no clear recommendations for the prevention and treatment of the disease, it is important to become familiar with and better understand the effectiveness of the various therapeutic approaches currently in use, аnd also analyze the possibility of their use in daily practice. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Exploring the Promise of Augmented Reality for Dual Language Vocabulary Learning Among Bilingual Children
Authors: Smith Sara A , Carlo María Soledad , Park Sanghoon , Kaplan Howard
Published: February 2023

There is increasing evidence supporting the efficacy of augmented reality (AR) education applications, yet comparatively few reports exploring AR for early childhood. Augmented reality is uniquely suited to language instruction and the early elementary context, thus has potential to support the growing number of English language learners (ELLs) in the United States. The current study describes the early stages in the development of a dual language AR application for teaching vocabulary to ELLs. We present iterative design data and a proof-of-prototype user study including child and parent acceptance data. Findings indicate that there is potential for AR to provide English vocabulary instruction with L1 supports for children.
Language Teacher Development in Digital Contexts Edited by Hayriye Kayi-Aydar and Jonathon Reinhardt
Authors: Jaramillo Cherrez Nadia
Published: February 2023

Language Teacher Development in Digital Contexts Edited by Hayriye Kayi-Aydar and Jonathon Reinhardt Amsterdam: John Benjamins US $143 ISBN 9789027210579 (Hardback) 196 pages 2022
Effect of Circuit Training on Fatigue in Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Post-COVID Survivors
Authors:   Intern, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences “Deemed to be” University, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Patil Trupti , Patil Poonam ,   Assistant professor of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences “Deemed to be” University, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2023

Background: The patient recovered from Coronavirus infection and developed post-Coronavirus complications. Coronavirus will cause a month-long period of clinical symptoms, including fatigue, post-exercise discomfort, and breathlessness. A post-COVID-19 syndrome is a name given to this disorder. Fatigue is the main persistent symptom after covid infection. Aims: To study the effect of circuit training on fatigue in pulmonary rehabilitation in post-covid survivors. Methods and Material: forty subjects post-covid survivors between the age group of 20-50 years, were selected for the study. They were bounded in a single group. The pre and post-treatment outcome measure was the fatigue assessment scale, borg scale, and 6-minute walk distance test used. The circuit training program was given to the subject which included warm-up exercises, specific exercises, strengthening exercises, and cool-down exercises for four weeks. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was done by using INSTAT software, version 3.06 with paired t test. Results: In a conducted study, Fatigue assessment score, Borg score, and 6 min walk distance test showed statistically significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values. Conclusions: This study concludes that circuit training program had significantly improved clinically and statistically fatigue in post-covid survivors. KEYWORDS: Circuit Training Program, Fatigue, Post-Covid Survivors, Pulmonary Rehabilitation.
Prevalence of Fatigue and Reduced Functional Status One Year Post-COVID 19 Infection
Authors:   Student, Department of physiotherapy, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences “Deemed to be” University, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Kelkar Tanvi , Malawade Mandar ,   Head of pediatric department, Department of physiotherapy, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences “Deemed to be” University, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Published: February 2023

Background: Covid-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in India was reported on January 27, 2020. The term long-covid is used when the patients suffer from symptoms even after recovering from covid-19. Covid-19 has a major impact on the functional status of individuals who had suffered from it. Similarly, fatigue is considered a major symptom of covid-19 as well as long covid. Participants: 101 participants (46 males and 55 females, mean age=38.07±15.807 years) were included in the study. It was essential that all participants should have contacted the infection one year prior to the study. Patients with known functional disabilities and known illnesses likely to progress and limit physical ability were excluded from the study. Study design: Cross-sectional study, online survey Procedure: All the individuals who had recovered from covid-19 infection almost one-year prior were contacted and were asked to fill out an online questionnaire. Fatigue was assessed using the chalder fatigue scale and functional status was assessed using a questionnaire. Based on the answers, the grades were allotted according to the post-covid-functional status scale. Results: Most of the participants (28.71%) had negligible functional limitation (Grade 1), 25.74% had slight limitation (Grade 2), 6.93% had moderate limitation (Grade 3), 4.95% had severe limitation (Grade 4), 33.67% participants had no limitation (Grade 0) and almost 38.61% of participants reported post-covid-19 fatigue one year after contracting the infection. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is a prevalence of fatigue and reduced functional status one year post-covid 19. It also suggests that the long-term effects of covid-19 infection are anticipated in covid-19 survivors. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, Long Covid, Post Covid Functional Status Scale, Chalder Fatigue Scale.
Ecologies of Embodiment: Co-Editing With the More-Than-Human
Authors: Rufo Raffaele , Weig Doerte
Published: February 2023

Looking for ways to address and attune to the urgent ecological crises of our age, this special issue problematizes the notion of the “more-than-human” and explores the nexus between ecology and embodiment across different artistic disciplines and traditions of embodied research. The editorial evokes our ecosomatic processes of co-editing with the more-than-human, and we offer a poetic commentary alongside video excerpts from the authors’ works, which weaves connective tissues between the works. We conclude by discussing ecologies of embodiment as a bodily felt and cognitively thought generative space between certainty and uncertainty, knowing and not-knowing, sensing and naming.
Michael Field, Pre-Raphaelite: One Play and Two Fair Beginnings
Authors: Parejo Vadillo Ana
Published: February 2023

This article examines the development of Pre-Raphaelitism into decadence by focusing on Michael Field, whose verse play Fair Rosamund was published twice, first in 1884 (by George Bell and Sons) and later in 1897 by the Vale Press of Charles Ricketts. The article focuses on the legend of the ‘Fair Rosamund’ and how it was treated by Pre-Raphaelite poets and painters, both male and female. Positioning the Michael Field poets as Pre-Raphaelites, the article looks at how this poetic drama articulated a different decadent beginning, one inspired by and in communion with painting. 
Palm wine as a food-based bait for monitoring adult Ceratitis ditissima (Munro) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in citrus orchards
Authors: Abraham John , Amissah Carlos , Kuffour Felix Osei , Abraham Janice Dwomoh
Published: February 2023

Tephritid fruit flies, including Ceratitis ditissima, often invade citrus orchards. These flies cause economic losses to farmers and can prevent farmers from exporting their fruits to foreign markets. To detect the presence of fruit flies in citrus orchards, traps are baited with synthetic lures, which are often expensive for smallholder farmers. Farmers in developing or financially less-endowed countries have to import such synthetic baits, raising the cost of pest monitoring and control. Therefore, we evaluated the potential of palm wine and three other food-based mixtures for trapping C. ditissima and the proportion of non-target flies they trap. Transparent deli cup traps were baited with four different food-based baits, namely palm wine, sugarcane spirit-wine mixture, apple cider vinegar and yeast-sugar mixture. The traps were placed within a citrus orchard on fruit-bearing trees. The content of each trap was collected after one week and evaluated. This was repeated for eight consecutive weeks. Traps baited with palm wine captured more C. ditissima than those with the other baits. Furthermore, the proportion of non-target insects, Bactrocera dorsalis and Drosophila spp., in palm wine-baited traps was less than the other baited traps. This study indicates that palm wine, a cheap beverage across Africa, Asia and South America, could be used to monitor the presence of C. ditissima in citrus orchards. Smallholder farmers who cannot afford expensive synthetic baits could make use of palm wine to monitor fruit flies in their farms.
Infection of insects and persistence of Metarhizium (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) species on apple bark
Authors: Mathulwe Letodi Luki , Malan Antoinette Paula , Stokwe Nomakholwa Faith
Published: February 2023

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are cosmopolitan soil borne pathogens that cause epizootics in various insect
orders. EPF isolates of Metarhizium brunneum and M. pinghaense have shown the potential for use as biological
agents of important agricultural insect pests. The aim of the current study was to test for the persistence of
M. brunneum and M. pinghaense on apple bark over a period of three weeks, under laboratory conditions. Apple
bark was sprayed with conidial suspensions of both fungi, at a standard infective conidial concentration of
107 conidia/ml. The persistence, or survival, of the conidia on apple bark was measured using codling moth
larvae (CM) (Cydia pomonella) and females of woolly apple aphid (WAA) (Eriosoma lanigerum) as indicator
species. The results showed that conidia of M. pinghaense can induce mortality of insect pests through contact
with an EPF-treated substrate, with mortality of 39% to 82% for WAA over a period of 10 days post application,
and with mortality of 3% to 68% for CM over a period of 7 days, after application to apple bark. Further
evaluation showed that the conidia of M. pinghaense persisted longer on apple bark, up to 63%, than did
M. brunneum, up to 11%, three weeks post application of the conidial suspensions. The study provides insights
into the potential persistence of fungal isolates on apple bark over time post application. Further evaluation of
the persistence of the isolates on apple bark under both glasshouse and field conditions should be conducted.
Falhas de mercado e ineficiência paretiana: um estudo de caso do zona azul na cidade de Crato (CE)
Authors: JUSTO WELLINGTON RIBEIRO , Alencar Matheus de Oliveira , Alencar Nataniele dos Santos
Published: February 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil do usuário do Zona Azul na cidade de Crato (CE) após a implantação desse mesmo serviço e avaliar a eficiência da política de taxação pela utilização de um bem público evitando um problema conhecido na economia como “tragédia dos comuns”. Os dados foram coletados através de aplicação de questionários. A metodologia utilizada foi a tabular descritiva e aplicação de testes de comparação de médias, variância e proporção para identificar possíveis diferenças na utilização das vagas do Zona Azul antes e depois da cobrança pelo uso. Os resultados apontaram que o perfil do usuário é predominantemente homem, com nível de escolaridade com pelo menos segundo grau e renda elevada. A hipótese da tragédia dos comuns foi verificada uma vez que os testes indicaram diferenças significantes entre a utilização do sistema antes e após a cobrança. A política de taxação se mostrou eficiente uma vez que os usuários mostraram-se satisfeitos com o sistema e apontaram que ficou mais fácil encontrar vaga de estacionamento.
Demanda, oferta e a gestão hídrica da barragem de Pau dos Ferros/RN
Authors: Fernandes Clefson , Felipe José Lacerda Alves
Published: February 2023

O Semiárido tem se tornado cada vez mais urbano, coexistindo com seus elementos naturais, como a seca, em uma das mais severas (2012-2018), muitos reservatórios vieram ao colapso e importantes cidades vieram a sofrer os impactos. Logo, a cidade de Pau dos Ferros/RN, pequena cidade que exerce funções de uma cidade média, contextualiza-se no cenário descrito. Neste sentido, o objetivo norteador deste trabalho é analisar elementos da relação entre oferta e demanda de água requerida pela cidade, apontando elementos da gestão do reservatório. A pesquisa contextualiza-se em todo o Semiárido Potiguar, dada à peculiaridade das questões hídricas nesse espaço e, especificamente, se desenvolve na realidade de Pau dos Ferros. A proposta é de uma pesquisa na perspectiva teórica de análise crítica. A análise demonstra que, a partir do ano de 2010, inicia-se a série histórica de baixas precipitações, acompanhada de crescimento do número de usuários, assim, é indicativo que existe uma grande capacidade de comprometimento do reservatório quanto à demanda requerida. Não se registra um planejamento estratégico que objetivasse racionalizar o uso das águas do reservatório, garantindo água por mais tempo.
Experiências pedagógicas a partir da cultura: o caso de Porto Nacional - TO
Authors: SANTOS ROBERTO DE SOUZA
Published: February 2023

O texto levanta uma discussão teórica e empírica sobre a cultura no município de Porto Nacional-TO. A discussão teórica baseia em uma revisão bibliográfica, com autores que abordam sobre a cultura, a cultura regional e local e sua definição e significado. O laboratório de experiência empírica foi realizado a partir de uma oficina pedagógica na Escola Estadual Dr. Pedro Ludovico Teixeira, com os alunos da turma 2ª ano do ensino médio técnico em segurança do trabalho. Além da realização da oficina pedagógica, para verificar empiricamente o objeto de estudo, recorreu a fontes empíricas com a aplicação de entrevistas e questionários a gestores, professores, alunos e com artistas representantes da cultura regional. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar um estudo de caso sobre a cultura regional, partindo do contexto histórico e cultural. Empiricamente, foi possível verificar que a cultura local ainda não é abordada pelas escolas com maior ênfase da cultura local. Entretanto, constatou-se que a cultura regional continua resistindo no tempo e no espaço. Teoricamente, deve-se entender a cultura como uma totalidade complexa e contraditória, desde as relações de produção, de reprodução técnico-econômicas e das representações de mundo com suas normas éticas e jurídicas, seus costumes e ideologias e os processos de comunicação.
Análise espectral de solos do litoral piauiense
Authors: Valladares Gustavo Souza , Pereira Marcos Gervásio , Cabral Léya Jéssyka Rodrigues Silva , Amorim João Victor Alves
Published: February 2023

O litoral do Piauí tem uma extensão de apenas 66km, e sua planície litorânea têm sofrido muita pressão para ocupação, que vem ocorrendo de forma desordenada. O conhecimento do recurso natural solo é fundamental para o ordenamento territorial responsável. São raros os trabalhos sobre os solos do Piauí em escala mais detalhada. O presente trabalho traz maior detalhamento de solos piauienses e tem como objetivo analisar a resposta espectral de solos representativos das diferentes paisagens do litoral piauiense na faixa do visível e do infravermelho (350 a 2500nm) e faz inferência para fins de classificação. Foi possível com a interpretação das curvas espectrais fazer associação a vários atributos dos solos e relacionar com a sua gênese e classificação. Os resultados indicam que essa metodologia pode ser eficiente em levantamentos de solos do litoral piauiense.
Variações nos atributos microbiológicos do solo na floresta amazônica oriental, sob condição natural, estresse hídrico e em sistemas
Authors: Rodrigues Possidônio Guimarães , Rodrigues Hernani José Brazão , Ruivo Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro , Gomes Dênis José Cardoso , Costa Antônio Carlos Lôla da
Published: February 2023

Este estudo teve o propósito de avaliar a influência do estresse hídrico provocado em experimento de seca de longa duração na floresta (ESECAFLOR) e da conversão da floresta em área agrícola, sobre os atributos microbiológicos do solo na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã. Foram escolhidas quatro áreas, sendo duas do experimento de seca na floresta: controle (Parcela A) e exclusão de água da chuva (Parcela B); e mais duas: Floresta secundária (FS) e Roça. Avaliaram-se a umidade gravimétrica, os teores de carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana (CBM e NBM), respiração basal (RB) e calcularam-se os quocientes metabólico (qCO2) e microbiano (qMIC). As áreas apresentaram, em geral, maiores teores de CBM e NBM durante o período mais chuvoso. O solo da área FS apresentou maiores valores de umidade e maiores valores de CBM e NBM. A redução da umidade do solo na Parcela B afetou a biomassa microbiana principalmente no período mais chuvoso. A Parcela B apresentou elevados valores de RB e consequentemente qCO2. Os indicadores microbiológicos foram sensíveis as alterações no ambiente edáfico proporcionadas pelo experimento de seca de longa duração na floresta e pela mudança na forma de uso da terra.
Proposta de mudança do ensaio inderbitzen empregando solos do cerrado goiano com diferentes densidades
Authors: Alves Eder Chaveiro
Published: February 2023

O principal fator que provoca degradação dos solos é a erosão hídrica. As características, em relação à geologia, geomorfologia, solos e clima, constituem fatores condicionantes dos processos erosivos atuantes. A intervenção antrópica, sobre esse substrato do meio físico, modifica as formas de atuação das forças erosivas. Entre os ensaios de laboratório que quantificam de maneira direta a erodibilidade do solo, temos o ensaio de Inderbitzen. Neste trabalho estuda-se o emprego do ensaio de Inderbitzen em pesquisas no Brasil, apresentam críticas ao modelo original do ensaio e se desenvolve um equipamento e procedimentos, de modo a amenizar a variação dos resultados dos ensaios. Para o estudo foram selecionados três solos do cerrado goiano sendo eles da região metropolitana de Goiânia. Os solos possuem textura e origem pedológicas diferentes sendo: LATOSSOLO VERMELHO Distrófico (Solo 1), CAMBISSOLO HÁPLICO Ta Distrófico (Solo 2) e NEOSSOLO QUARTZARÊNICO Órtico (Solo 3) Foram propostas modificações nos procedimentos e equipamento do ensaio Inderbitzen que ocasionaram boa precisão e repetibilidade dos resultados encontrados. Nos Solos 2 e 3 houveram pouca variação de perda de solo em função do índice de vazios. Já para o Solo 1, demonstrou significativo aumento da perda de solo com o aumento do índice de vazios.
Análise da evolução temporal do uso e ocupação do solo da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Itanhém, Bahia
Authors: Farias Emilly da Silva , Santos Joscélia Monteiro de Brito , Quinelato Raquel Viana , Pires Luanna Chácara , Silva João Batista Lopes da
Published: February 2023

O processo de substituição de áreas de vegetação nativa por áreas de plantios agrícolas, florestais e agroflorestais se intensifica cada vez mais na região do extremo sul da Bahia. Tal fato tem gerado intensa preocupação em relação ao desmatamento e ocupação das regiões de Mata Atlântica. Desta forma, objetivou-se com esse trabalho identificar a alteração do uso e ocupação do solo entre os anos de 1990 e 2018 na bacia hidrográfica do rio Itanhém na região extremo sul da Bahia. Os dados relativos ao tamanho da área, extensão e delimitação das classes foram cedidos pelo Fórum Florestal do Extremo Sul da Bahia. A análise de tais dados foi realizada a partir da comparação dos mapas de uso e ocupação do solo e das áreas ocupadas pelas 17 classes analisadas, verificando-se assim, as mudanças ocorridas em cada período. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, percebeu-se que a bacia em questão é predominantemente ocupada por cultivos antrópicos, principalmente com monoculturas de eucalipto e pastagem, que se expandiram em detrimento das áreas de vegetação nativa. Uma vez que tal dinâmica de uso do solo causa prejuízos negativos para os recursos naturais da bacia, faz-se necessário a adoção de práticas de manejo e políticas públicas que permitam o equilíbrio entre economia e meio ambiente.
Clinical comparison of analgesic efficacy of addition of injection dexamethasone 8mg to 20ml 0.5% levobupivacaine in ultrasonography assisted supraclavicular brachial plexus block
Authors: Das Chetali , Mathur Rajni , Kukreja Srishti
Published: February 2023

Background: Ultrasonography-assisted supraclavicular block is an efficacious and practical method and allows us to use a lower volume of local anesthetic in compactly arranged brachial plexus. The study envisioned evaluating the analgesic and anesthetic effects of Inj. dexamethasone (8mg) as an adjuvant to 0.5% levobupivacaine to determine the time for first rescue analgesia and number of rescue analgesics needed in 24 hours duration in brachial plexus blockade in adult patients listed for upper limb surgeries. Results: This prospective randomized double-blind interventional study was carried out in ASAI and II, aged 20 to 55 years. In group A (n=30) Inj. Levobupivacaine 20ml and Inj. Normal saline 2ml was given. In group B (n=30) Inj. Levobupivacaine 20ml and Inj. Dexamethasone 2ml was given. The time for the demand of the first rescue analgesia was 431.50 ± 46.15 minutes in group A and 749.38 ± 62.41 minutes in group B, with a p-value < 0.001. The demand for rescue analgesics was more in Group A in contrast to Group B. Conclusion: We deduce with our study, with the addition of dexamethasone, the time for rescue analgesia is prolonged, and the number of rescue analgesic demands is reduced, with a faster onset and extended duration of both sensory and motor block.
Comparison of intravenous lignocaine versus combination of lignocaine with diltiazem on attenuation of haemodynamic responses to tracheal extubation in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries under general anaesthesia: A randomized double blind interventi
Authors: Chauhan Kanchan , Gupta Vivek , Chauhan Sunil , Soni Manoj
Published: February 2023

Background: Tracheal intubation is frequently associated with cardiovascular stress response characterized by hypertension, tachycardia and increased serum concentration of catecholamines and similar phenomenon is also seen during extubation. During Endotracheal extubation increase in sympathoadrenergic activity is caused by epipharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal stimulation. Objective: The aim and objectives of this study are to compare the effect of combination of intravenous (i.v.) diltiazem 0.1 mg/kg and i.v lignocaine 1.0 mg/kg vs intravenous lignocaine alone to attenuate haemodynamic extubation responses and airway reflexes during extubation. Material and method: This study was undertaken with 72 patients belonging to the age group 20–60 years with physical status ASA Classes I and II of either sex. Group A received injection diltiazem 0.1 mg/kg and lignocaine 1 mg/kg. Group B received injection lignocaine 1 mg/kg with normal saline. In this study, the drug dosage was fixed based on the previous studies. Result: The baseline values of heart rate,systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were statistically comparable between the two groups. The heart rate, SBP, DBP, and MAP was significantly high in group A (lignocaine) as compared to group B (diltiazem with lignocaine) at extubation and till 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, and 10 min post extubation (pvalue < 0.05). Conclusion: Combined diltiazem and lignocaine provides more effective prophylaxis than lignocaine alone for attenuating the cardiovascular responses to tracheal extubation
Medicinal plants use as an anti-inflammatory agent: a brief review on molecular pharmacological approach
Authors: Shil Dibyendu , Roy Kishor Kumar , Mounika Rasamalla , Reja Md Masud , Saha Subhasish , Maji Ranjan Kumar
Published: February 2023

Inflammation is a vital therapeutic target for creating new methods for pharmacological interventions, aside from being a stage in the pathophysiology of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, molecular understanding of inflammation has led to new opportunities for drug creation and significant new implications for current clinical medicine. It has also revealed the biological targets and mechanisms of therapeutic action, opening up new opportunities to alter complex biological systems. Meanwhile, using medicinal plants to control inflammation has been recommended as an alternative to traditional therapeutic approaches for a variety of conditions, particularly when suppression of inflammation is anticipated. Several medicinal plant species have been demonstrated to have strong anti-inflammatory properties in contemporary research. The review article was discussed about the chemical constituents and biological properties of therapeutically active plants including curcumin from Curcuma longa and epigallocatechin-3-gallate from Camellia sinensis, including the molecular pharmacology of active constituents against inflammation.
Effects of Baimuxinol on the inflammation and oxidative stress of LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via regulating the NF-κB/IκBα and Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Yan , Chen Nan , Wang Jing , Li Shuqing
Published: February 2023

Baimuxinol (BAI) is a sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from agarwood. This study aimed to investigate the specific mechanism of BAI on the inflammation as well as oxidative stress of RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The proliferation and cell viability were detected with EdU and MTT assay. The levels of inflammatory factors and antioxidant-related indexes were determined with corresponding kits. The qRT-PCR and western blot assays were performed to detect the expression of the related genes. We found that compared with the control group, cell viability and proliferation of the RAW264.7 cells was increased in the LPS group, while it was decreased in the BAI groups. In addition, in the LPS group, the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ROS, MDA, PC and 8-OHdG were increased, the activities of T-SOD and CAT were decreased in comparison with the control group. It was reversed after BAI treatment. Finally, we confirmed that the NF-κB/IκBα signaling pathway is inhibited and the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway is activated after BAI treatment. BAI relieved inflammation and oxidative stress of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS through regulating the NF-κB/IκBα and Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, which provided a novel insight for the therapy of sepsis.