bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peak fat oxidation, peak oxygen uptake, and running performance increase during pre‐season in sub‐elite male football players
Authors: Rømer Tue , Hansen Mikkel Thunestvedt , Lange Kristine Kjær , Petersen Mikkel Lundgren , Ibh Anders Petersen , Panduro Jeppe , Krustrup Peter , Dela Flemming , Helge Jørn Wulff
Published: April 2024

Purpose

In Football, the high‐intensity running bouts during matches are considered decisive. Interestingly, recent studies showed that peak fat oxidation rates (PFO) are higher in football players than other athletes. This study aimed to investigate whether PFO increases following a pre‐season. Secondarily, and due to COVID‐19, we investigated whether PFO is related to the physical performance in a subgroup of semi‐professional male football players.

Methods

Before and after 8 weeks of pre‐season training, 42 sub‐elite male football players (18 semi‐professionals and 24 non‐professionals) had a dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry scan and performed a graded exercise test on a treadmill for the determination of PFO, the exercise intensity eliciting PFO (Fatmax) and peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak). Additionally, the semi‐professional players performed a Yo‐Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2 (YYIR2) before and after pre‐season training to determine football‐specific running performance.

Results

PFO increased by 11 ± 10% (mean ± 95% CI), p = 0.031, and V̇O2peak increased by 5 ± 1%, p < 0.001, whereas Fatmax was unchanged (+12 ± 9%, p = 0.057), following pre‐season training. PFO increments were not associated with increments in V̇O2peak (Pearson's r2 = 0.00, p = 0.948) or fat‐free mass (FFM) (r2 = 0.00, p = 0.969). Concomitantly, YYIR2 performance increased in the semi‐professional players by 39 ± 17%, p < 0.001, which was associated with changes in V̇O2peak (r2 = 0.35, p = 0.034) but not PFO (r2 = 0.13, p = 0.244).

Conclusions

PFO, V̇O2peak, and FFM increased following pre‐season training in sub‐elite football players. However, in a subgroup of semi‐professional players, increments in PFO were not associated with improvements in YYIR2 performance nor with increments in V̇O2peak and FFM.
Heating of metallic orthodontic devices during anti‐aging treatment with vacuum and electromagnetic fields: In vitro study
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Amuso Domenico , Amore Roberto , Gehrke Sergio Alexandre , Tari Sergio Rexhep
Published: April 2024

Background

The physical appearance of an individual plays a primary role as it influences the opinion of the viewer. For this reason, orthodontic therapy to improve perceived aesthetics is in high demand among patients. This factor, combined with the increase in the number of non‐invasive facial aesthetic treatments, has led to the need to understand potential risk factors in the application of medical devices to the perioral skin in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro heating of the orthodontic bracket following electromagnetic fields and negative pressure (V‐EMF) used as an anti‐aging treatment.

Methods

Two different types of titanium alloy wires, one made of “beta‐Titanium” alloy and the other “Ni‐Ti” (DW Lingual Systems GmbH—Bad Essen—Germany) were used. The orthodontic wires and brackets mounted on a resin mouth were covered with porcine muscle tissue, then subjected to anti‐aging therapy with a Bi‐one LifeTouchTherapy medical device (Expo Italia Srl—Florence—Italy) which generates a combination of vacuum and electromagnetic fields (V‐EMF) already adopted for antiaging therapy. During administration of the therapy, the orthodontic brackets and porcine tissue were thermally monitored using a Wavetek Materman TMD90 thermal probe (Willtek Communications GmbH—Germany). In total 20 orthodontic mouths were used, 10 with Beta Titanium wires and 10 with Nickel Titanium wires.

Results

A temperature increase of about 1°C was recorded in each group.

The outcome of the present research shows that the absolute temperatures measured on orthodontic appliances, which, despite having a slightly different curve, both show an increase in temperature of 1.1°C at the end of the session, thus falling well within the safety range of 2°C as specified by the standard CENELEC EN 45502‐1. Therefore, V‐EMF therapy can be considered safe for the entire dental system and for metal prostheses, which tend to heat up at most as much as biological tissue (+0.9°C/1.1°C vs. 1.1°C/1.1°C).

Conclusion

In conclusion, anti‐aging therapy with V‐EMF causes a thermal increase on orthodontic brackets that is not harmful to pulp health.
A cloud‐based solution for trustless indigenous data sovereignty: Protecting Māori biodiversity management data in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Sharma Pankajeshwara , Martin Michael , Swanlund David , Latham Cecilia , Anderson Dean , Wood Waitangi
Published: April 2024

Indigenous peoples should be able to govern data about themselves, their territories, resources, and ways of life, collected by themselves or others. However, the progressive use of cloud computing for the geoweb raises data security and privacy concerns. We propose a complete and trustless approach for indigenous geospatial data sovereignty on the cloud by furnishing security functions at the core—the web browser. Geomasking permits sharing an anonymized dataset with less privileged users, while the original is protected and shared with sovereign data owners via public‐key encryption. The encrypted dataset's hash value is notarized on the blockchain for the verification of its authenticity when on the cloud. The application was designed for the protection of Biodiversity Management Areas stewarded by the Māori people in Aotearoa New Zealand. It enables diversified functions of geospatial data protection compared with previous works focusing on the cloud by solving data‐sharing problems without relying on a third party.
In vitro evaluation of a new viscoelastometry‐based point‐of‐care analyzer
Authors: Corominas Vanina , Chiniard Thomas , Pasquier Pierre , Foissaud Vincent , de Rudnicki Stéphane , Martinaud Christophe
Published: April 2024

Introduction

The VCM is a point‐of‐care analyzer using a new viscoelastometry technique for rapid assessment of hemostasis on fresh whole blood. Its characteristics would make it suitable for use in austere environments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the VCM in terms of repeatability, reproducibility and interanalyzer correlation, reference values in our population, correlation with standard coagulation assays and platelet count, correlation with the TEG5000 analyzer and resistance to stress conditions mimicking an austere environment.

Methods

Repeatability, reproducibility, and interanalyzer correlation were performed on quality control samples (n = 10). Reference values were determined from blood donor samples (n = 60). Correlations with standard biological assays were assessed from ICU patients (n = 30) and blood donors (n = 60) samples. Correlation with the TEG5000 was assessed from blood donor samples. Evaluation of vibration resistance was performed on blood donor (n = 5) and quality control (n = 5) samples.

Results

The CVs for repeatability and reproducibility ranged from 0% to 11%. Interanalyzer correlation found correlation coefficients (r2) ranging from 0.927 to 0.997. Our reference values were consistent with those provided by the manufacturer. No robust correlation was found with conventional coagulation tests. The correlation with the TEG5000 was excellent with r2 ranging from 0.75 to 0.92. Resistance to stress conditions was excellent.

Conclusion

The VCM analyzer is a reliable, easy‐to‐use instrument that correlates well with the TEG5000. Despite some logistical constraints, the results suggest that it can be used in austere environments. Further studies are required before its implementation.
Corrigendum: Model theory of fields with virtually free group actions
Authors: Beyarslan Özlem , Kowalski Piotr
Published: April 2024

There is an irreparable error in the proof of Theorem 3.26 in the above‐mentioned paper and we withdraw the claim of having proved that theorem. In fact, that theorem is false in a very strong sense.
Multivariate Statistics Applied to the Identification of Compositional Control Parameters for Groundwater
Authors: De Araújo Karen Vendramini , Freire George Satander Sá , Cavalcante Itabaraci Nazareno , De Oliveira Rafael Mota , Freire Diolande Ferreira Gomes , Gomes Maria da Conceição Rabelo , Peixoto Filipe da Silva
Published: April 2024

The objective of the present study was to identify the most influent parameters in the composition of groundwater in the municipality of Icapuí, Ceará - Brazil, seeking correlations with the composition of the percolating aquifer formations that can be associated with the sources of these components. For this purpose, multivariate statistical techniques were applied by means of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). The PCA allowed a reduction of physicochemical parameters and determined the two components responsible for approximately 86% of total variance in the data for both sampling periods (rainy and dry). The first component is represented by variables that indicate natural rock weathering processes, and the second comprises seasonality and pollution indicators. Samples were also correlated through HCA according to compositional similarities, which were associated with possible natural or human sources.
Time-Averaged Parameters of the Circular Synthetic Jet for Different Dimensionless Stroke Length
Authors: Smyk Emil , Gil Paweł , Wilk Joanna
Published: April 2024

The circular synthetic jet (SJ) for different dimensionless stroke lengths and at Reynolds number Re = 5000 was investigated in this paper. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used. The flow was measured at a distance of 240 mm from the orifice, and this area was divided into two fields of view (FOV). The parameter fields were created by the injunction of these two FOVs. The time-averaged velocity, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), turbulence intensity, vorticity field, centerline, and profiles of SJ were presented and discussed. Additionally, the jet half-width of SJ was investigated. The data discontinuity at a line of the FOVs was discussed. The impact of the dimensionless stroke lengths on the parameters of SJ at Re = 5000 was discussed.
Failure Analysis of Large-Size Drilling Tools in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Mingjie Cai , Mingmin He , Leichuan Tan , Dan Mao , Jinchao Xiao
Published: April 2024

The safety problem of large-size drilling tools in large-size boreholes has become increasingly prominent with the exploration and development of deep and ultradeep wells. This study analyzes the causes of large-size drilling tool failures from the engineering point of view via statistical analysis, experimental material test, and vibration and bending analyses. Results show that the violent downhole vibration changes the drilling tool's mechanical properties. These changes result in an uneven distribution of hardness and reduced impact work, finally leading to the initiation of fatigue cracks at stress concentration points. Drilling tool bending is closely related to drilling parameters and bottom hole assembly (BHA) configuration. Unreasonable BHA configuration and drilling parameters increase BHA bending and accelerate fatigue failure. Once a crack is generated, the corrosive ions in water-based drilling fluids invade the microcrack, causing the corrosion of the drilling tool material. As a result, the strength is reduced, and the fracture is aggravated. Therefore, measures for preventing the failure of large-size drilling tools are proposed. We hope that the results of this work can provide useful guidance for drilling engineers.
An Experimental Investigation of Sintered Particle Effect on Heat Transfer Performance in an “Annular Flow” Evaporation Tube
Authors: Spitzenberger Jeremy , Hoelle James , Abdulheiba Ahmed , Mohammed Ramy H. , Ismael Laith , Agonafer Damena , Wang Pengtao , Kowalski Stephen , Nawaz Kashif , Ma Hongbin
Published: April 2024

Wicking structures have been widely used within passive heat transfer devices with high heat fluxes, such as heat pipes, to enhance their thermal performance. While wicking structures promote capillary pumping of the working fluid and thin film evaporation, they can result in capillary evaporation and further enhance the evaporation heat transfer. In this study, a 0.5 mm thick layer of 105 µm sintered copper particles was added to the inner wall of a copper tube, aiming to form an “annular flow” and enhance the heat transfer characteristics by taking advantage of thin film and capillary evaporation. Acetone was chosen as the working fluid, and the performance of an evaporation tube was tested for power inputs of 10, 30, 50, and 70 W. For each power input, trials were run at inclination angles varying from −90 deg to 90 deg to investigate the capillary effects. The temperature measurements showed that the temperature distribution along the evaporation tube is always downward sloping, meaning the temperature at the fluid inlet is larger than the outlet. Results show that an “annular flow” formed by a thin layer of sintered particles can promote thin film and capillary evaporation and, therefore, boost the evaporation heat transfer coefficient.
Is the 5-Minute Time-Trial Cycling Test a Valid Predictor of Maximal Oxygen Uptake? An External Cross-Validation Study
Authors: Borszcz Fernando Klitzke , Ferreira Tramontin Artur , de Lucas Ricardo Dantas , Pereira Costa Vitor
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to cross-validate a recently proposed equation for the prediction of maximal oxygen uptake () in cycling exercise by using the average power output normalized by the body mass from a 5-minute time trial (RPO5-min) as the independent variable. Further, the study aimed to update the predictive equation using Bayesian informative prior distributions and meta-analysis. Methods: On different days, 49 male cyclists performed an incremental graded exercise test until exhaustion and a 5-minute time trial on a stationary cycle ergometer. We compared the actual with the predicted value obtained from the RPO5-min, using a modified Bayesian Bland–Altman agreement analysis. In addition, this study updated the data on the linear regression between and RPO5-min, by incorporating information from a previous study as a Bayesian informative prior distribution or via meta-analysis. Results: On average, the predicted using RPO5-min underestimated the actual by −6.6 mL·kg–1·min–1 (95% credible interval, −8.6 to −4.7 mL·kg–1·min–1). The lower and upper 95% limits of agreement were −17.2 (−22.7 to −12.3) and 3.8 (−1.0 to 9.5) mL·kg–1·min–1, respectively. When the current study’s data were analyzed using the previously published data as a Bayesian informative prior distribution, the accuracy of predicting sample means was found to be better when compared with the data combined via meta-analyses. Conclusions: The proposed equation presented systematic bias in our sample, in which the prediction underestimated the actual . We provide an updated equation using the previous one as the prior distribution, which could be generalized to a greater audience of cyclists.
Drivers of natural gas use in U.S. residential buildings
Authors: Mittakola Rohith Teja , Ciais Philippe , Schubert Jochen E. , Makowski David , Zhou Chuanlong , Bazzi Hassan , Sun Taochun , Liu Zhu , Davis Steven J.
Published: April 2024

Natural gas is the primary fuel used in U.S. residences, yet little is known about its consumption patterns and drivers. We use daily county-level gas consumption data to assess the spatial patterns of the relationships and the sensitivities of gas consumption to outdoor air temperature across U.S. households. We fitted linear-plus-plateau functions to daily gas consumption data in 1000 counties, and derived two key coefficients: the heating temperature threshold (
T
crit
) and the gas consumption rate change per 1°C temperature drop (Slope). We identified the main predictors of
T
crit
and Slope (like income, employment rate, and building type) using interpretable machine learning models built on census data. Finally, we estimated a potential 2.47 million MtCO
2
annual emission reduction in U.S. residences by gas savings due to household insulation improvements and hypothetical behavioral change toward reduced consumption by adopting a 1°C lower
T
crit
than the current value.
A diet of oxidative stress–adapted bacteria improves stress resistance and lifespan in
C. elegans
via p38-MAPK
Authors: Bhat Ajay , Cox Rebecca L. , Hendrickson Brice Graham , Das Nupur K. , Schaller Megan L. , Tuckowski Angela M. , Wang Emily , Shah Yatrik M. , Leiser Scott F.
Published: April 2024

Organisms across taxa face stresses including variable temperature, redox imbalance, and xenobiotics. Successfully responding to stress and restoring homeostasis are crucial for survival. Aging is associated with a decreased stress response and alterations in the microbiome, which contribute to disease development. Animals and their microbiota share their environment; however, microbes have short generation time and can rapidly evolve and potentially affect host physiology during stress. Here, we leverage
Caenorhabditis elegans
and its simplified bacterial diet to demonstrate how microbial adaptation to oxidative stress affects the host’s lifespan and stress response. We find that worms fed stress-evolved bacteria exhibit enhanced stress resistance and an extended lifespan. Through comprehensive genetic and metabolic analysis, we find that iron in stress-evolved bacteria enhances worm stress resistance and lifespan via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that understanding microbial stress–mediated adaptations could be used to slow aging and alleviate age-related health decline.
Drp1 controls complex II assembly and skeletal muscle metabolism by Sdhaf2 action on mitochondria
Authors: Zhou Zhenqi , Ma Alice , Moore Timothy M. , Wolf Dane M. , Yang Nicole , Tran Peter , Segawa Mayuko , Strumwasser Alexander R. , Ren Wenjuan , Fu Kai , Wanagat Jonathan , van der Bliek Alexander M. , Crosbie-Watson Rachelle , Liesa Marc , Stiles Linsey , Acin-Perez Rebecca , Mahata Sushil , Shirihai Orian , Goodarzi Mark O. , Handzlik Michal , Metallo Christian M. , Walker David W. , Hevener Andrea L.
Published: April 2024

The dynamin-related guanosine triphosphatase, Drp1 (encoded by
Dnm1l
), plays a central role in mitochondrial fission and is requisite for numerous cellular processes; however, its role in muscle metabolism remains unclear. Here, we show that, among human tissues, the highest number of gene correlations with
DNM1L
is in skeletal muscle. Knockdown of Drp1 (Drp1-KD) promoted mitochondrial hyperfusion in the muscle of male mice. Reduced fatty acid oxidation and impaired insulin action along with increased muscle succinate was observed in Drp1-KD muscle. Muscle Drp1-KD reduced complex II assembly and activity as a consequence of diminished mitochondrial translocation of succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 (Sdhaf2). Restoration of Sdhaf2 normalized complex II activity, lipid oxidation, and insulin action in Drp1-KD myocytes. Drp1 is critical in maintaining mitochondrial complex II assembly, lipid oxidation, and insulin sensitivity, suggesting a mechanistic link between mitochondrial morphology and skeletal muscle metabolism, which is clinically relevant in combatting metabolic-related diseases.
Identification of an anaplastic subtype of prostate cancer amenable to therapies targeting SP1 or translation elongation
Authors: Zou Cheng , Li Wenchao , Zhang Yuanzhen , Feng Ninghan , Chen Saisai , Yan Lianlian , He Qinju , Wang Kai , Li Wenjun , Li Yingying , Wang Yang , Xu Bin , Zhang Dingxiao
Published: April 2024

Histopathological heterogeneity is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). Using spatial and parallel single-nucleus transcriptomics, we report an androgen receptor (AR)–positive but neuroendocrine-null primary PCa subtype with morphologic and molecular characteristics of small cell carcinoma. Such small cell–like PCa (SCLPC) is clinically aggressive with low AR, but high stemness and proliferation, activity. Molecular characterization prioritizes protein translation, represented by up-regulation of many ribosomal protein genes, and SP1, a transcriptional factor that drives SCLPC phenotype and overexpresses in castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), as two potential therapeutic targets in AR-indifferent CRPC. An SP1-specific inhibitor, plicamycin, effectively suppresses CRPC growth in vivo. Homoharringtonine, a Food And Drug Administration–approved translation elongation inhibitor, impedes CRPC progression in preclinical models and patients with CRPC. We construct an SCLPC-specific signature capable of stratifying patients for drug selectivity. Our studies reveal the existence of SCLPC in admixed PCa pathology, which may mediate tumor relapse, and establish SP1 and translation elongation as actionable therapeutic targets for CRPC.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of genome-wide pooled CRISPR screens to identify host factors involved in influenza A virus infection
Authors: Maes Annabel , Botzki Alexander , Mathys Janick , Impens Francis , Saelens Xavier
Published: April 2024

The host-virus interactome is increasingly recognized as an important research field to discover new therapeutic targets to treat influenza. Multiple pooled genome-wide CRISPR-Cas screens have been reported to identify new pro- and antiviral host factors of the influenza A virus. However, at present, a comprehensive summary of the results is lacking. We performed a systematic review of all reported CRISPR studies in this field in combination with a meta-analysis using the algorithm of meta-analysis by information content (MAIC). Two ranked gene lists were generated based on evidence in 15 proviral and 4 antiviral screens. Enriched pathways in the proviral MAIC results were compared to those of a prior array-based RNA interference (RNAi) meta-analysis. The top 50 proviral MAIC list contained genes whose role requires further elucidation, such as the endosomal ion channel
TPCN1
and the kinase
WEE1
. Moreover, MAIC indicated that
ALYREF
, a component of the transcription export complex, has antiviral properties, whereas former knockdown experiments attributed a proviral role to this host factor. CRISPR-Cas-pooled screens displayed a bias toward early-replication events, whereas the prior RNAi meta-analysis covered early and late-stage events. RNAi screens led to the identification of a larger fraction of essential genes than CRISPR screens. In summary, the MAIC algorithm points toward the importance of several less well-known pathways in host-influenza virus interactions that merit further investigation. The results from this meta-analysis of CRISPR screens in influenza A virus infection may help guide future research efforts to develop host-directed anti-influenza drugs.

IMPORTANCE

Viruses rely on host factors for their replication, whereas the host cell has evolved virus restriction factors. These factors represent potential targets for host-oriented antiviral therapies. Multiple pooled genome-wide CRISPR-Cas screens have been reported to identify pro- and antiviral host factors in the context of influenza virus infection. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the outcome of these screens based on the publicly available gene lists, using the recently developed algorithm meta-analysis by information content (MAIC). MAIC allows the systematic integration of ranked and unranked gene lists into a final ranked gene list. This approach highlighted poorly characterized host factors and pathways with evidence from multiple screens, such as the vesicle docking and lipid metabolism pathways, which merit further exploration.
Conservation genetics of Roosevelt elk: population isolation and reduced diversity
Authors: Gazeley Ian F. , Graham Brendan A. , Reynolds Darryl M. , Burg Theresa M.
Published: April 2024

Species reintroductions have the potential to cause genetic bottleneck events resulting in increased genetic drift, increased inbreeding, and reduced genetic diversity creating negative fitness consequences for populations. Roosevelt elk ( Cervus canadensis roosevelti Erxleben, 1777) are “at risk” in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Once widespread along the west coast, Roosevelt elk were likely extirpated from the mainland by 1900 and experienced a substantial population bottleneck on Vancouver Island at that time, and again in the 1950s. Reintroduced to the mainland from Vancouver Island in the 1980s, this re-established population became the source for subsequent mainland translocations. To understand the effects of reintroduction strategy on genetic diversity, we analyzed genetic variation in 355 Roosevelt elk from Vancouver Island and mainland BC. Using mitochondrial DNA and 10 microsatellite loci, molecular analyses showed overall reduced genetic diversity relative to other extant elk populations, genetic isolation of the southern Vancouver Island population, and increased genetic drift among reintroduced herds. Four reintroduced populations were found to have increased levels of inbreeding. Results of this study contribute to our knowledge of reintroduction biology and can be used to guide continued conservation and management of at-risk species.
Classical versus quantum features of the Berthelot cosmological model
Authors: Gregoris Daniele
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we compare and contrast the classical versus quantum dynamics of a cosmological model based on the literature (Modified) Berthelot equation of state for the description of the dark sector of the universe. At the classical background level we identify a Minkowski-like and a de Sitter-like equilibrium epochs, with the latter occurring only beyond a certain threshold for a parameter in the equation of state; at the classical perturbed level we find that this same parameter realizes a duality in the adiabatic speed of sound between the two equilibrium epochs. The quantum evolution of this model is studied in the context of quantum geometrodynamics by solving analytically the Wheeler–DeWitt equation in the Born–Oppenheimer approximation for the scalar field potentials about the two equilibrium epochs. We identify the phenomenon of quantum decoherence to arise at the same threshold which constitutes the bifurcation between the two equilibrium epochs at the classical level. We comment on the quantum modified power spectrum focusing on some consequences dealing with the formation of astrophysical structures within the Press–Schechter framework. Our paper is intended to scrutinize which classical features of a certain cosmological model are preserved at its quantum level, and under which assumptions.
Low-energy spectrum of the BULLKID detector array operated on surface
Authors: Delicato D. , Ahmad A. , Bandiera L. , Calvo M. , Cappelli M. , Del Castello G. , del Gallo Roccagiovine M. , Giammei M. , Guidi V. , Maiello D. , Pettinacci V. , Romagnoni M. , Tamisari M. , Cruciani A. , Mazzolari A. , Monfardini A. , Vignati M.
Published: April 2024

We present the first continuous operation in a surface lab of BULLKID, a detector for searches of light Dark Matter and precision measurements of the coherent and elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. The detector consists of an array of 60 cubic silicon particle absorbers of 0.34 g each, sensed by cryogenic kinetic inductance detectors. The data presented focusses on one of the central elements of the array and on its surrounding elements used as veto. The energy spectrum resulting from an exposure of 39 h to ambient backgrounds, obtained without radiation shields, is flat at the level of $$(2.0\pm 0.1\,\mathrm{stat.}\pm 0.2\,\mathrm{syst.})\times 10^6$$

(
2.0
±
0.1

stat
.

±
0.2

syst
.

)

×

10
6

 counts/keV kg days down to the energy threshold of $$160\pm 13$$

160
±
13

 eV. The data analysis demonstrates the unique capability of rejecting backgrounds generated from interactions in other sites of the array, stemming from the segmented and monolithic structure of the detector.
The optical features of noncommutative charged 4D-AdS-Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black hole: shadow and deflection angle
Authors: Lekbich H. , Parbin N. , Gogoi Dhruba Jyoti , Boukili A. El , Sedra M. B.
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we have explored the optical characteristics, namely the shadow and the deflection angle, inherent to the solution of a 4D-AdS-Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black hole. This solution, which finds its inspiration in noncommutative geometry, had previously been established in our previous work. The radius of the shadow was determined using the Hamilton-Jacobi method and the Carter separation. Our results revealed that the presence of noncommutativity in the background of spacetime impacts the variation of the shadow radius. More specifically, we have demonstrated that an increase in the parameter $$\theta $$
θ
induces a decrease in the radius of the shadow. In a similar way, analogous observations have been made by studying the variation of the electric charge Q. The noncommutative parameter $$\theta $$
θ
and the electric charge Q have been constrained regarding the EHT observation data of the M87* and Sgr A* black holes. Furthermore, the angle of deflection, which is the outcome of lensing by the black hole, has been derived following the Ishihara et al. approach for a receiver and source positioned at finite distances from the black hole in an asymptotically non-flat spacetime. The impact of the noncommutative parameter $$\theta $$
θ
and the charge Q of the black hole are hence analyzed, and our results depict that these parameters have a significant influence on the angle at which light is deflected by the gravitational field of the black hole.
Many-body theory calculations of positron binding to hydrogen cyanide
Authors: Hofierka Jaroslav , Cunningham Brian , Green Dermot G.
Published: April 2024

Positron bound state properties in hydrogen cyanide are studied via many-body theory calculations that account for strong positron-electron correlations including positron-induced polarization, screening of the electron–positron Coulomb interaction, virtual-positronium formation and positron–hole repulsion. Specifically, the Dyson equation is solved using a Gaussian basis, with the positron self-energy in the field of the molecule calculated using the Bethe–Salpeter equations for the two-particle and particle–hole propagators. The present results suggest near cancellation of screening corrections to the bare polarization, and the non-negligible role of the positron–hole interaction. There are no existing measurements to compare to for HCN. Previous configuration interaction (CI) and fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo (FN-DMC) calculations give positron binding energies in the range 35–44 meV, most of which used a single even-tempered basis centred near the nitrogen atom. Using a similar single-centre positron basis we calculate a positron binding energy of 41 meV, in good agreement. However, we find that including additional basis centres gives an improved description of the positron wave function near the nuclei, and results in a converged binding energy in the range 63–73 meV (depending on geometry and approximation to the positron–molecule correlation potential used).

Graphical Abstract
Novel optical solitons patterns via Biswas–Arshed equation with gain or loss. Modulated wave gain
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H. I.
Published: April 2024

The Biswas–Arshed equation (BAE) with space–time dispersion was currently considered in the literature. Optical phenomena embedded in this equation are self-steepening, self-phase modulation and Raman scattering. Here, we consider BAE with gain or loss. It is worth mentioning that the gain or loss has an impact on blowup or decaying solitons propagation in optical fibers, which is novel. Our objective is to find optical soliton solutions of BAE and the aforementioned physical phenomena are investigated in some details. The conditions for the dominance of a phenomenon are predicted. This is physically important to inspect the behavior of solitons prpagation. To this issue, exact solutions of the model equation are derived by using the unified method. The solutions obtained are displayed graphically. Dark soliton, bright soliton, M-shaped soliton, rhombus soliton (which is novel) and chirped soliton with tunneling are observed. The modulation instability is studied and it is found that it triggers when the coefficients of the space–time dispersions are positive.
Influence of temperature on Rashba effect of bound polaron in a parabolic quantum well
Authors: Li Ya-Li , Shan Shu-Ping
Published: April 2024

In this paper, using an improved linear combination operator method and variational technique, the expression of the bound polaron effective mass ratio in a parabolic quantum well is derived. Due to the spin–orbit interaction, the effective mass ratio of bound polaron splits into two branches. The relations among effective mass ratio with temperature, electron–phonon coupling strength and Coulomb bound potential strength are discussed by numerical calculation. The effective mass ratio of polaron is an increasing function of temperature, electron–phonon coupling strength and Coulomb bound potential strength. The absolute value of spin splitting effective mass ratio increases with the increase of temperature, spin–orbit coupling parameter, electron–phonon coupling strength and Coulomb bound potential strength, respectively, and decreases with the increase of velocity. Due to the heavy hole characteristic, the spin splitting effective mass ratio is negative.
A NEW ROUGH FRACTURE PERMEABILITY MODEL OF COAL WITH INJECTED WATER BASED ON DAMAGED TREE-LIKE BRANCHING NETWORK
Authors: LIU ZHEN , LI ZHENG , YANG HE , HAN JING , ZHU MUYAO , DONG SHUAI , YU ZEHAN
Published: April 2024

The fracture network structure of coal is very complex, and it has always been a hot issue to characterize the fracture network structure of coal by using a tree-like branching network. In this paper, a new rough fracture permeability model of water injection coal based on a damaged tree-like branching network is proposed. In this model, fractal theory and sine wave model are used to characterize the rough characteristics of fracture structure. In addition, the applicability of the model is verified by the self-developed experimental system, and the sensitivity analysis and weight analysis of the influencing factors in the model are carried out. The results show that the factors affecting the permeability of the established permeability mathematical model are mainly the amplitude factors of sinusoidal fluctuation, length ratio, maximum branch series, number of damaged fractures, opening ratio, opening fractal dimension and initial fracture length. Among them, the sinusoidal fluctuation amplitude factor has the greatest influence on the permeability and the other two are inversely proportional. Therefore, with pulsating water injection, the frequency of changes in the water pressure was altered to improve the water injection efficiency in coal fractures with sinusoidal distribution to increase permeability. The research results provide a theoretical basis for further improving the theoretical models for seepage in porous media and fluid flow analysis of damaged tree-like branching networks.
What Does the World's Biggest Tech Event Tell Us? Key Pointers from CES 2024
Authors: El-Deeb Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Getting to know what's in the making by tech industry leaders is something transformative to anyone's awareness in the 21 century. It's like our grandparents having to read journal every morning. What would people at that time consider the person who doesn't read the journal at all? You name it. For tech it's the same; knowing how the technological landscape is shaping helps you prepare for the future by being emotionally ready. For software engineers, it's even critical than ordinary citizens. This is because it's more than emotional readiness. It is career and professional readiness as well. But how you will get to know the key technology industry leaders are working on? One of the key venues is the Consumer Electronics Show (CES). It is an annual giant event that brings in tech leaders in the industry to talk about their latest innovations. This paper brings to you key observations from CES 2024, held in January. From those observations you can extrapolate key future points about the tech ahead of us.
Functional Electrolyte: Highly-Safe LIB Using Branched Carboxylic Acid Ester as Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Deguchi Masaki , Tazoe Daichi , Todorov Yanko Marinov , Abe Koji
Published: April 2024

The electrolyte in current automotive lithium-ion batteries is a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC), which has a high dielectric constant, and ethyl methyl carbonate or dimethyl carbonate, which have a low viscosity. However, the flash point of these mixed solvents is as low as 25 °C, so safety precautions must be taken. On the other hand, if only EC or propylene carbonate with a high flash point is used, the flash point will be 120 °C or higher. However, the high dielectric constant solvent cannot wet the hydrophobic separator whose material is polyethylene and/or polypropylene. Therefore, there is a problem that the battery does not work. In 1999, we proposed a “functional electrolyte” in which a small amount of an additive with a new function is added to the electrolyte, and many additives have since been commercialized. In recent work, we focused on a low viscosity linear carboxylic acid esters, designed an electrolyte with a flash point above 120 °C that provides wettability to the separator even in an electrolyte with a high dielectric constant solvent.
Optimization of TiN/TiOxNy Laminated Electrode Films for High-Performance Gene Sequencing Chip
Authors: Li Jinqi , Xu Jin , Gao Jinming , Wang Mengxiao , Zhou Dayu
Published: April 2024

With continuous advancement of the fourth generation nanopore gene sequencing technology, the requirements for performance of the electrode films in gene sequencing chips are increasing. This study utilized the high vacuum reactive magnetron sputtering method to examine the impact of working pressure on the electrical, electrochemical, crystal structure, chemical composition, and surface morphology of TiOxNy thin films in detail. The findings revealed that the TiN thin film deposited at 0.4 Pa exhibited the lowest resistivity of 391.9 μΩ·cm. Additionally, the TiOxNy thin film deposited at 1.6 Pa demonstrated the highest volumetric specific capacitance of 35.37 mF·cm−2·μm−1 at 5 mV·s−1. Utilizing the optimal parameters, TiOxNy laminated electrode thin films were in situ grown. Through measurements and analysis, it was found that the TiOxNy electrode thin film effectively achieves a 29.35% improvement in specific capacitance compared to the single layer TiOxNy electrode thin film. The integration of a TiN current collector with low resistivity effectively reduced the internal resistance of the electrode system and decreased the response time to 0.038 s. The features of low impedance and high specific capacitance of TiOxNy laminated thin films offer promising prospects for the preparation of gene sequencing chip with high throughput.
Review—Recent Progress, Challenges, and Trends in Polymer-Based Wearable Sensors
Authors: Saxena Pooja , Shukla Prashant
Published: April 2024

Wearable sensors offer a non-invasive, continuous, and personalized approach to monitor various physiological and environmental parameters. Among the various materials used in the fabrication of wearable sensors, polymers have gained significant attention due to their versatile properties, low cost, and ease of integration. We present a comprehensive review of recent advances and challenges in the development of polymer-based wearable sensors. We begin by highlighting the key characteristics of wearable sensors, emphasizing their potential applications and advantages. Subsequently, we delve into the various types of polymers employed for sensor fabrication, such as conductive polymers, elastomers, and hydrogels. The unique properties of each polymer and its suitability for specific sensing applications are discussed in detail. We also address the challenges faced in the development of polymer-based wearable sensors and describes the mechanism of action in these kinds of wearable sensor-capable smart polymer systems. Contact lens-based, textile-based, patch-based, and tattoo-like designs are taken into consideration. Additionally, we paper discuss the performance of polymer-based sensors in real-world scenarios, highlighting their accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability when applied to healthcare monitoring, motion tracking, and environmental sensing. In conclusion, we provide valuable insights into the current state of polymer-based wearable sensors, their fabrication techniques, challenges, and potential applications.
ZIF-67C@CeO2 Composite for the Electrochemical Non-Enzymatic Determination of Nitrite in Fish Dry Samples
Authors: Feng Junhui , Lin Yan , Lin Muxiang , Feng Li , Lin Xiaoyun
Published: April 2024

Nitrite is widely present in the human environment, and it is one of the most common nitrogenous compounds in nature. However, Nitrite is often used as a preservative in meat products even though it has always been considered a carcinogen. Herein, dimethylimidazole was used as a ligand to coordinate Co2+ to prepare a metal-organic framework material- ZIF67, then the ZIF67 was added to the prepared cerium hydroxide to produce ZIF67C@CeO2 composite via high-temperature calcination. Furthermore, a novel ZIF67C@CeO2 composite modified glassy carbon electrode (ZIF67C@CeO2/GCE) was constructed to detect nitrite in fish dried samples. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the microstructure of the ZIF-67C@CeO2 composite. The experimental condition, such as applied potentials, load mass of composite, and pH value of electrolyte were optimized by electrochemical tests. In the optimal conditions, the linear range of the sensor for detecting nitrite is 0.3–1150 μM, and the detection limit (DL) is 0.102 μM. Moreover, the sensor possesses a good anti-jamming capability, repeatability, and reproducibility. The constructed sensor- ZIF-67C@CeO2/GCE showed excellent electrochemical performance and enabled the detection of nitrite in fish dried foods.
Effects of Pt Loading onto SnO2 Ordered Porous Thin Films on Potentiometric Hydrogen Sensing Properties
Authors: Zhang Hong , Li Zhou , Zhu Haowei , Yi Jianxin
Published: April 2024

Ordered Pt/SnO2 composite porous thin films were prepared for fabrication of planar mixed-potential hydrogen sensors. Characterization of the Pt/SnO2 films revealed that Pt elements were primarily loaded in Pt° form on the SnO2 film surface and did not significantly change the morphology of the film electrodes. The potentiometric response of Pt/SnO2 thin films to hydrogen varied with the Pt loading contents. Compared to the pristine SnO2 film, the 1 at% and 2 at% Pt-loaded SnO2 composite films exhibited 1.6 and 2.0 times higher potentiometric response to 300 ppm hydrogen at 500 °C, with a similar response time of 6–10.5 s. By assembling an array of sensors composed of SnO2 films loaded with 1 at% and 2 at% Pt, and using principal component analysis, discrimination of hydrogen and four interfering gases (ammonia, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and propane) in the concentration range of 100–300 ppm was achieved. The sensing behaviors of the Pt/SnO2 composite thin films were discussed in relation to the competitive promotion effects for the heterogeneous and electrochemical catalytic activities by Pt loading.
Solving Schrödinger Wave Equation for the Charmonium Spectrum Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Darwish Jumanah Ahmed , Hussain Talab , Ahmed Maqsood , Sherwani Rehan Ahmad Khan
Published: April 2024

In this study, we solved the Schrödinger wave equation by using effective potential in an artificial neural network (ANN) for the mass spectrum of different charmonium states, including ηc, ψ2, χ2, and  χ4. The ANN approach provides an efficient, more general, and continuous solution-approximating strategy, thus eliminating the possibility of skipping any region of interest in mass spectroscopy. The close consistency of ANN results with the already-reported results from numerical and theoretical approaches and experimental ones shows the reliability and accuracy of the ANN approach.
Supplementary Table 1 from The Associations between Intakes of One-Carbon Metabolism–Related Vitamins and Breast Density among Young Women
Authors: Han Eunyoung , Van Horn Linda , Snetselaar Linda , Shepherd John A. , Park Yoon Jung , Kim Hyesook , Jung Seungyoun , Dorgan Joanne F.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary table 1 show the results of association between �V and ADBV and one-carbon metabolism-related vitamin intakes during youth and at specific puberal stages adjusted for young adult intakes
Supplementary Table 7. from Associations between Plasma Tocopherols and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from the Southern Community Cohort Study
Authors: Yoon Hyung-Suk , Wu Jie , Shidal Chris , Sun Yan , Franke Adrian A. , Yang Jae Jeong , Braithwaite Dejana , Courtney Regina , Cai Hui , Blot William J. , Shu Xiao-Ou , Zheng Wei , Cai Qiuyin
Published: April 2024

Association between Plasma Tocopherols and Lung Cancer Risk in Sequential Adjustment Models
Supplemental Table S7 from Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in a Multiethnic Population Undergoing Routine Care: An Electronic Health Records Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Robert J. , Huang Edward S. , Mudiganti Satish , Chen Tony , Martinez Meghan C. , Ramrakhiani Sanjay , Han Summer S. , Hwang Joo Ha , Palaniappan Latha P. , Liang Su-Ying
Published: April 2024

Supplemental Table S7: Persons at risk for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), excluding cardia GAC, at time point of observation. Hp, Helicobacter pylori.
Supplemental Table S5 from Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in a Multiethnic Population Undergoing Routine Care: An Electronic Health Records Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Robert J. , Huang Edward S. , Mudiganti Satish , Chen Tony , Martinez Meghan C. , Ramrakhiani Sanjay , Han Summer S. , Hwang Joo Ha , Palaniappan Latha P. , Liang Su-Ying
Published: April 2024

Supplemental Table S5: Incidence of gastric adenocarcinomas (GAC), excluding cardia GAC and excluding C16.8, C16.9. Person-years (p-y) at risk, cancer count, and incidence per 100,000 p-y reported by characteristic. GAC counts <10 were suppressed and incidence not reported. EHR, electronic health record; H2 blocker, histamine type 2 receptor blocker; Hp, Helicobacter pylori; ICD, international classification of disease; LOINC, Logical Observation Identifiers, Names and Codes; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PPI, proton pump inhibitor.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Interaction between Continuous Pack-Years Smoked and Polygenic Risk Score on Lung Cancer Risk: Prospective Results from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Duncan Meredith S. , Diaz-Zabala Hector , Jaworski James , Tindle Hilary A. , Greevy Robert A. , Lipworth Loren , Hung Rayjean J. , Freiberg Matthew S. , Aldrich Melinda C.
Published: April 2024

Supplemental Figure 1: Sample timeline of data collection, timing of examinations (i.e., when smoking status is updated), and lung cancer incidence in an FHS Offspring participant who attended 9 examinations and was diagnosed with lung cancer in 2001.
Supplementary Table 16 from The Impact of Inherited Genetic Variation on DNA Methylation in Prostate Cancer and Benign Tissues of African American and European American Men
Authors: Delgado Dayana , Gillard Marc , Tong Lin , Demanelis Kathryn , Oliva Meritxell , Gleason Kevin J. , Chernoff Meytal , Chen Lin , Paner Gladell P. , Vander Griend Donald , Pierce Brandon L.
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 16 shows the posterior probabilities that GWAS and meQTL signals are caused by independent SNPs (PP3) in tumor tissue