bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies of Palestinian Resisting Poetic Speech Guidance and Convincingness
Authors: Fouad Suliman
Published: July 2023

The challenges evolving within the Palestinian context compel the resistance poet to formulate novel strategies in response to the oppressive practices of Israeli occupation. As such, the poet's role becomes increasingly critical and fraught with danger, magnified by the harrowing conditions of living within occupied territories or in exile. Consequently, the poet relies on two primary strategies: Guidance and Persuasiveness within their poetic discourse. They aim to confront the shifts and changes impacting the Palestinian context and resist the occupation's policies designed to dominate thought and culture and undermine the Palestinian cause and the right of return. These strategies are of utmost importance: they guide the reader, convince them, and serve as a reminder. They also protect against the risk of being subsumed within the occupation's culture. Thus, the resistant poem comes to encompass aspects of cultural, psychological, and political resistance. This is a response to the vast and escalating conflict with the occupier, who seeks to distort people's beliefs and principles. This study will examine the features of each strategy, illustrating examples from resistance poetry. It will explore the linguistic relationships and devices used in both strategies, examining their influence on meaning. The effective use of evidence and arguments to guide, convince, and deepen understanding is critical. Therefore, the resistance poet must proceed with caution, meticulously selecting linguistic tools that resonate with the situation and context at hand.
Problems Facing Public School Students Due to Bullying from Educational Counselors' Point of View; A Case Study at Bethlehem Governorate Schools for the Academic Year 2022/2023
Authors: Okkeh Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the most important problems facing public school students due to bullying from an educational counselor's point of view, a case study at Bethlehem governorate schools for the academic year 2022/2023. To collect data, the study used the qualitative approach by using in-depth interviews from the field of study by constructing a special guide for the interview. The study also was applied to the study population, which consisted of all (84) educational counselors working at public schools in Bethlehem governorate by using the intentional sample, which amounted to (42), which represent (50%) of the total study population. The results of the study revealed that bullying is an aggressive behavior that is manifested directly and indirectly. In addition, the most important problems of bullying are family problems, economic situation, and lack of self-confidence bullying is prevalent among both males and females and is widespread in all schools, whether primary or secondary. Finally, the most important solutions to limit bullying are family awareness, follow-up, educational workshops to be held at schools, and the involvement of students in voluntary work.
Uso del término bullying en Twitter: un estudio cualitativo
Authors: González Moreno Alba , Molero Jurado María del Mar
Published: July 2023

El bullying es un problema inmerso en la sociedad y que se desarrolla mediante ataques físicos o verbales en presencia, así como a través del uso de las TIC. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar cuál es el uso predominante del término bullying por el discurso en las redes. Para eso, la metodología ha consistido en recopilar una serie de tuits proporcionados de la red social Twitter que posteriormente han sido analizados. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los usuarios utilizan este término en sus opiniones de una manera ajustada, es decir, de forma correcta. Aun así, también son muchas las ocasiones en las que los sujetos lo emplean de una manera poco correcta, ya que se aplica con cierto tono de humor. Esto provoca que se le reste la importancia que el propio término posee. Por tanto, es necesario refozar la importancia de esta temática.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG CAMPURAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AWARENES TRAINING PADA ANAK KELAS VI SDN 002 PEMBATANG
Authors: Saidah
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas VI, untuk itu peneliti berupaya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Awarenes Training di SD Negeri 002 Pembatang Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Aktivitas belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran Matematika di Kelas VI SDN 002 Pembatang Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi masih rendah sehingga hasil belajar Tidak memenuhi KKM yang telah ditetapkan sekolah yaitu 70 Dari jumlah siswa kelas VI sebanyak 32 orang hanya 2 anak yang mendapatkan nilai memenuhi KKM atau sebesar 6,25% dan sebanyak 93,75 % tidak tuntas, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Awarenes Training pada pelajaran Matematika. Model pembelajaran Pelatihan Kesadaran (Awareness Training ) merupakan suatu model pembelajaran yang ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran manusia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas VI SDN 002 Pembatang Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari empat langkah penelitian yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Untuk memperoleh data penelitian digunakan lembar observasi yang diisi oleh observer dan tes hasil belajar yang diberikan pada akhir siklus. Data aktivitas belajar siswa dianalisa dengan menentukan jumlah dan persentase siswa yang terlibat pada setiap pertemuan. Peningkatan hasil belajar dilihat dari jumlah siswa yang tuntas pada akhir siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I 87,5% dan sikus II naik menjadi 100% Ketuntasan belajar secara individual dan klasikal meningkat siswa yang telah mencapai KKM, dari data ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Awarenes Training dapat meningkatkan Hasil belajar Matematika.
Peningkatan Aktivitas Pembelajaran Fisika Melalui Penerapan Metode CIRC Di kelas XI IPA.3 SMAN 1 Pasaman
Authors: Desi
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Fisika melalui penggunaan Melalui Penerapan Metode CIRC pada Siswa SMAN 1 Pasaman.Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas sebanyak dua putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, refleksi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA.3 SMAN 1 1  Pasaman. Data yang diperoleh adalah data kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Dari hasil analisis Melalui Penerapan Metode CIRC memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu siklus I (61.76%), siklus II (88.24%).Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Melalui Penerapan Metode CIRC mempunyai pengaruh positif, yaitu dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditunjukan dengan rata-rata jawaban siswa yang menyatakan bahwa siswa tertarik dan berminat dengan Melalui Penerapan Metode CIRC sehingga mereka menjadi termotivasi untuk belajar.
Şeyh Gâlib’in ‘Efendim’ redifli müseddes naat-ı şerifine dair birkaç not
Authors: GÜLEÇ İsmail
Published: July 2023

Şeyh Galip, Klasik Türk Edebiyatı’nın üslup sahibi şairlerindendir. Edebiyat ile ilgilenenlerin bildiği çok sayıda şiiri vardır. Müseddes naat-ı şerifi de özellikle tekke çevrelerinde çokça bilinir ve okunur.

Müseddeste yer alan ‘müeyyed’, ‘sultan’ ve ‘yakma’ kelimeleri ‘müebbed’, ‘burhan’ ve ‘kakma’ şeklinde de okunmakta ve söylenmektedir. Şeyh Galib’in yayınlanan divanında, kimi şiir mecmualarında ve özellikle Osmanlı döneminde yetişmiş hafızların okuyuşlarında görülen farklı tercihler konu üzerinde durmayı gerekli kılmıştır.

Bu çalışmada farklı okunuşu olan bu üç kelimenin hangisinin tercih edilmesi gerektiği şiirden ve anlamından hareket edilerek açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.
BULGARİSTAN TÜRKOLOJİSİ ÜZERİNE
Authors: YEŞİLKAYA Mehmet
Published: July 2023

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ESKİ UYGURCA BUDİST METİNLERDE UMAY-DOĞUM VE KADININ TEMSİLİ
Authors: SEVİM Serap
Published: July 2023

Türklerin en eski inanç sisteminin tek tanrı inancı olduğu kabulünün yanında önemli bir yer tutan kültler oldukça yaygındır ve Umay’ın da bir kült olduğu ifade edilmektedir. İlk olarak Köktürk Kitabeleri’nde umay teg ögüm katun (KT D 31) ve teŋri umay ıdok yėr suv basa bėrti erinç (T/2 B 3) ibarelerinde karşımıza çıkan Umay başlangıçta doğum, bereket ve çocukların koruyucu Tanrıçası olarak tasavvur edilmiştir. Eski Türk inanç sistemindeki doğum kavramı ile Budizm’deki doğum kavramı temelde birbirinden oldukça farklıdır, ancak Umay aracılığıyla bir ortaklık kurulduğu görülmektedir. Budizm’de yeniden doğum inancına göre, ölen her insanın ruhu farklı bir bedene girmek suretiyle tekrar doğmaktadır. Budizm’de nihai hedef olan Nirvana’ya ulaşana kadar devam edecek yeniden doğumlar dört farklı şekilde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu doğumlardan biri olan ög karınca tugum aynı zamanda Umay’da tugum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu kullanım aracılığıyla eski Uygurca Budist metinlerde Umay ile doğum arasında bağlantı kurularak kadına kutsallık atfedildiği görülmektedir.
La administración de bienes ajenos y la rendición de cuentas
Authors: Espinosa de Rueda Jover Mariano
Published: July 2023

El objeto de este libro es el estudio del tema de la administración de bienes ajenos y la consiguiente rendición de cuentas que solo ha tenido tratamientos parciales, reconociendo la existencia de distintos tipos de rendición de cuentas, determinados por la clase de las operaciones realizadas y por la naturaleza jurídica de las relaciones que originan dicha obligación. Se estudian las instituciones jurídicas de las que se desprende la rendición de cuentas, que a excepción de la tutela y de la sucesión «ab intestato», consideradas especialmente en la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil, apenas se extiende el legislador sobre tal obligación, limitándose, si acaso, a establecerla dando por supuesto en qué consiste. El fin perseguido ha sido tratar, bajo un concepto unitario la rendición de cuentas exigible en supuestos de administración de bienes ajenos; es decir, buscar sus notas comunes y fundamentales, pues aun no existiendo un régimen general de aplicación a todos los casos de rendición de cuentas, no es imposible descubrir, en los distintos supuestos en que se da, ciertos elementos y caracteres comunes. Es de notar la ausencia de bibliografía específica que trate unitariamente la rendición de cuentas, ya que al estudiar este tema los autores no piensan en la rendición de cuentas como obligación que surge en diversos supuestos generales, sin llegar a perfilar una obra general, por lo que para su estudio se ha contado con el apoyo de la jurisprudencia de la que se ha sacado enseñanzas valiosas, ya que, al enfrentarse al caso concreto, utilizan la inducción, consiguiendo una regla general, o bien parte de ésta, presuponiendo una idea previa alumbrada al amparo de los principios que inspiran la Ley, y constitutivos de principios generales del Derecho.
‘What Mrs Fisher knows about cooking’ - on the titles of early American cookbooks
Authors: Bator Magdalena
Published: July 2023

The proposed article aims to examine the strategies used by American women cookbook writers to attract the intended audience to their collections. The study is based on 19th-century cookbooks published in the United States; earlier collections, although available in the US were published in and brought from Britain. Written for and, in many cases, by housewives, the analysed cookbooks show, on the one hand, how the authors tried to convince the prospective reader of their expertise and knowledge. On the other hand, a certain degree of intimacy with the reader was to draw the reader’s attention to the collection. The discussion will be based on (i) the cookbooks’ titles, as they are “the first point of contact between the writer and the potential reader” (Haggan, 2004, p. 193) and an important determinant of a book’s success; and (ii) the authors’ signatures (as not all of the publications were signed with the author’s name).
Contrastive relational markers in women’s expository writing in nineteenth-century English
Authors: Sánchez Cuervo Margarita Esther
Published: July 2023

This study seeks to analyse the occurrence of contrastive relational markers in a corpus of recipes called Corpus of Women’s Instructive Texts in English, the 19th century sub-corpus (COWITE19). Opposition relations, also referred to as adversative or contrastive, are usually identified with markers such as “but”, “although”, and “however”. From a semantic point of view, a classification of these relations can be established into contrast, concession, and corrective, based on their linguistic evidence, lexical differences and syntactic behaviour (Izutsu, 2008). A further rhetorical function is antithesis, presented as a consistent device possessed of a verbal, analytical and persuasive nature (Fahnestock, 1999). The analysis of these markers is made following a computerised corpus analysis methodology and tries to discern which contrastive markers are mostly employed for the instructions conveyed by females. It also shows which opposition relation is predominant, whether contrastive, concessive, or corrective and, finally, it detects antithesis as an additional opposing meaning. In all cases, the possible argumentative role of these markers is highlighted as another step in the characterisation of women’s scientific writing.
Book review: Stance devices in Tourism-related research articles: A corpus-based study
Authors: Diez Abadie Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Authored by Francisco J. Álvarez-Gil, Stance devices in tourism-related research articles: A corpus-based study (Peter Lang, 2022) is a recently published corpus-based work that sets out to assess the occurrence and purpose of stance markers in research articles focused on the field of tourism. In academic writing, the concept of 'stance' is typically concerned with the author's perspective or viewpoint on a particular topic. This includes the author's ideas, attitudes, and reasoning concerning the information given, as well as the supporting evidence and arguments put forth to back up any claims made. Establishing a clear and well-defined perspective is crucial when writing research articles, as it helps to establish the author's credibility, adopted stance, opposing viewpoints and arguments, and contributes to promoting further academic discussion and debate. The focus on stance is clearly grounded in the view of language as a functional system, emphasizing the purposes for which language is used.
S’engager par écrit : culture et âge technique chez les politiciens canadiens-français (1959-1969)
Authors: Livernois Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Après la période duplessiste, les hommes politiques canadiens-français reprennent la plume et signent des ouvrages destinés au grand public. Ils renouent ainsi avec une vieille tradition qui remonte au xixe siècle, où des hommes d’État deviennent aussi des hommes de lettres. Toutefois, le rapport au capital culturel des hommes politiques et l’intégration de leurs ouvrages dans l’univers du livre canadien-français en transformation sont tout à fait inédits. Cette étude essaie de circonscrire ces phénomènes à partir de l’étude de deux ouvrages : Jean Lesage s’engage (1959), de Jean Lesage, et L’Union vraiment nationale (1969), de Jean-Guy Cardinal.
La Révolution tranquille ou comment la sociologie explique le changement social
Authors: Parent Frédéric
Published: July 2023

Dans cet article, je propose d’examiner en quoi la Révolution tranquille peut être considérée comme une révolution configurationnelle. Je présente en première partie quelques explications sociologiques de la Révolution tranquille. Malgré des modes explicatifs différents, la plupart des sociologues qui s’inscrivent dans l’une ou l’autre des tendances reprennent l’idée de décalage entre le culturel, l’économique et le politique, comme si le corps ne suivait plus l’esprit. L’idée de décalage ou de distance implique une autonomisation des représentations par rapport aux activités (économique, politique, religieuse, etc.), de même qu’une autonomisation des représentations par rapport à la matérialité langagière qui n’a d’autre fondement que d’être le reflet du réel ou une illusion, et non d’en être constitutif. Je propose en deuxième partie d’appréhender la Révolution tranquille par l’étude nécessaire de la consistance du discours, afin de montrer les fondements et les limites des différents points de vue sur la Révolution tranquille. L’article présenté ici est bien plus une réflexion générale sur le changement qu’une étude de la « vraie nature » de la Révolution tranquille et un recensement exhaustif de la production sociologique.
Regulation of chromatin microphase separation by binding of protein complexes
Authors: Adame-Arana Omar , Bajpai Gaurav , Lorber Dana , Volk Talila , Safran Samuel
Published: July 2023

We show evidence of the association of RNA polymerase II (RNAP) with chromatin in a core-shell organization, reminiscent of microphase separation where the cores comprise dense chromatin and the shell, RNAP and chromatin with low density. These observations motivate our physical model for the regulation of core-shell chromatin organization. Here, we model chromatin as a multiblock copolymer, comprising active and inactive regions (blocks) that are both in poor solvent and tend to be condensed in the absence of binding proteins. However, we show that the solvent quality for the active regions of chromatin can be regulated by the binding of protein complexes (e.g., RNAP and transcription factors). Using the theory of polymer brushes, we find that such binding leads to swelling of the active chromatin regions which in turn modifies the spatial organization of the inactive regions. In addition, we use simulations to study spherical chromatin micelles, whose cores comprise inactive regions and shells comprise active regions and bound protein complexes. In spherical micelles the swelling increases the number of inactive cores and controls their size. Thus, genetic modifications affecting the binding strength of chromatin-binding protein complexes may modulate the solvent quality experienced by chromatin and regulate the physical organization of the genome.
Statistical analysis supports pervasive RNA subcellular localization and alternative 3’ UTR regulation
Authors: Bierman Rob , Dave Jui M. , Greif Daniel M. , Salzman Julia
Published: July 2023

Targeted low-throughput studies have previously identified subcellular RNA localization as necessary for cellular functions including polarization, and translocation. Further, these studies link localization to RNA isoform expression, especially 3’ Untranslated Region (UTR) regulation. The recent introduction of genome-wide spatial transcriptomics techniques enable the potential to test if subcellular localization is regulated in situ pervasively. In order to do this, robust statistical measures of subcellular localization and alternative poly-adenylation (APA) at single cell resolution are needed. Developing a new statistical framework called SPRAWL, we detect extensive cell-type specific subcellular RNA localization regulation in the mouse brain and to a lesser extent mouse liver. We integrated SPRAWL with a new approach to measure cell-type specific regulation of alternative 3’ UTR processing and detected examples of significant correlations between 3’ UTR length and subcellular localization. Included examples, Timp3, Slc32a1, Cxcl14, and Nxph1 have subcellular localization in the brain highly correlated with regulated 3’ UTR processing that includes use of unannotated, but highly conserved, 3’ ends. Together, SPRAWL provides a statistical framework to integrate multi-omic single-cell resolved measurements of gene-isoform pairs to prioritize an otherwise impossibly large list of candidate functional 3’ UTRs for functional prediction and study. SPRAWL predicts 3’ UTR regulation of subcellular localization may be more pervasive than currently known.
Epistasis facilitates functional evolution in an ancient transcription factor
Authors: Metzger Brian PH , Park Yeonwoo , Starr Tyler N , Thornton Joseph W
Published: July 2023

A protein’s genetic architecture – the set of causal rules by which its sequence produces its functions – also determines its possible evolutionary trajectories. Prior research has proposed that the genetic architecture of proteins is very complex, with pervasive epistatic interactions that constrain evolution and make function difficult to predict from sequence. Most of this work has analyzed only the direct paths between two proteins of interest – excluding the vast majority of possible genotypes and evolutionary trajectories – and has considered only a single protein function, leaving unaddressed the genetic architecture of functional specificity and its impact on the evolution of new functions. Here, we develop a new method based on ordinal logistic regression to directly characterize the global genetic determinants of multiple protein functions from 20-state combinatorial deep mutational scanning (DMS) experiments. We use it to dissect the genetic architecture and evolution of a transcription factor’s specificity for DNA, using data from a combinatorial DMS of an ancient steroid hormone receptor’s capacity to activate transcription from two biologically relevant DNA elements. We show that the genetic architecture of DNA recognition consists of a dense set of main and pairwise effects that involve virtually every possible amino acid state in the protein-DNA interface, but higher-order epistasis plays only a tiny role. Pairwise interactions enlarge the set of functional sequences and are the primary determinants of specificity for different DNA elements. They also massively expand the number of opportunities for single-residue mutations to switch specificity from one DNA target to another. By bringing variants with different functions close together in sequence space, pairwise epistasis therefore facilitates rather than constrains the evolution of new functions.
Mechanism of substrate binding and transport in BASS transporters
Authors: Becker Patrick , Naughton Fiona , Brotherton Deborah , Pacheco-Gomez Raul , Beckstein Oliver , Cameron Alexander D
Published: July 2023

The bile acid sodium symporter (BASS) family transports a wide array of molecules across membranes, including bile acids in humans, and small metabolites in plants. These transporters, many of which are sodium-coupled, have been shown to use an elevator mechanism of transport, but exactly how substrate binding is coupled to sodium ion binding and transport is not clear. Here, we solve the crystal structure at 2.3 Å of a transporter from Neisseria meningitidis (ASBTNM) in complex with pantoate, a potential substrate of ASBTNM. The BASS family is characterised by two helices that cross-over in the centre of the protein in an arrangement that is intricately held together by two sodium ions. We observe that the pantoate binds, specifically, between the N-termini of two of the opposing helices in this cross-over region. During molecular dynamics simulations the pantoate remains in this position when sodium ions are present but is more mobile in their absence. Comparison of structures in the presence and absence of pantoate demonstrates that pantoate elicits a conformational change in one of the cross-over helices. This modifies the interface between the two domains that move relative to one another to elicit the elevator mechanism. These results have implications, not only for ASBTNM but for the BASS family as a whole and indeed other transporters that work through the elevator mechanism.
A PI(3,4,5)P3-dependent allosteric switch controls antigenic variation in trypanosomes
Authors: Touray Abdoulie O. , Rajesh Rishi , Isebe Tony , Sternlieb Tamara , Loock Mira , Kutova Oksana , Cestari Igor
Published: July 2023

African trypanosomes evade host immune clearance by antigenic variation, causing persistent infections in humans and animals. These parasites express a homogeneous surface coat of variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs). They transcribe one out of hundreds of VSG genes at a time from telomeric expression sites (ESs) and periodically change the VSG expressed by transcriptional switching or recombination. The mechanisms underlying the control of VSG switching and its developmental silencing remain elusive. We report that telomeric ES activation and silencing entail an on/off genetic switch controlled by a nuclear phosphoinositide signaling system. This system includes a nuclear phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphatase (PIP5Pase), its substrate PI(3,4,5)P3, and the repressor-activator protein 1 (RAP1). RAP1 binds to ES sequences flanking VSG genes via its DNA binding domains and represses VSG transcription. In contrast, PI(3,4,5)P3 binds to the N-terminus of RAP1 and controls its DNA binding activity. Transient inactivation of PIP5Pase results in the accumulation of nuclear PI(3,4,5)P3, which binds RAP1 and displaces it from ESs, activating transcription of silent ESs and VSG switching. The system is also required for the developmental silencing of VSG genes. The data provides a mechanism controlling reversible telomere silencing essential for the periodic switching in VSG expression and its developmental regulation.
HDAC inhibition delays photoreceptor loss in Pde6b mutant mice of retinitis pigmentosa: insights from scRNA-seq and CUT&Tag
Authors: Dong Yujie , Yan Jie , Xu Wenrong , Paquet-Durand François , Hu Zhulin , Jiao Kangwei
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This research aimed to ascertain the neuroprotective effect of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition on retinal photoreceptors in Pde6brd1 mice, a model of retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) explored HDAC and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-related gene expression in both Pde6b-mutant rd1 and wild-type (WT) mice. The CUT&Tag method was employed to examine the functions of HDAC in rd1 mice. Organotypic retinal explant cultures from WT and rd1 mice were exposed to the HDAC inhibitor SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) postnatally, from day 5 to day 11. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay was applied to quantify the percentage of photoreceptor loss in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). HDAC activity was confirmed to be inhibited by SAHA through an HDAC activity assay. Moreover, the study evaluated PARP activity, a key driver of the initial response to DNA damage during photoreceptor degeneration, following HDAC inhibition.

Results

The scRNA-seq revealed that diverse roles of HDAC and PARP isoforms in photoreceptor cell death. HDAC-related genes appeared to regulate cell death and primary immunodeficiency. Alterations in HDAC activity were consistent with the TUNEL-positive cells in the ONL at different time points. Notably, SAHA significantly postponed photoreceptor loss and decreased HDAC and PARP activity, thereby implicating both in the same degenerative pathway.

Conclusions

This study highlights that the interaction between HDAC inhibition and PARP can delay photoreceptor cell death, proposing a promising therapeutic approach for RP.
Oil and natural gas rents and CO2 emissions nexus in MENA: spatial analysis
Authors: Mahmood Haider , Saqib Najia , Adow Anass Hamadelneel , Abbas Muzaffar
Published: July 2023

Background

Oil rents (OR) and natural gas rents (NGR) have significant contributions to the income of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) economies and may increase emissions. Moreover, spatial autocorrelation is expected in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions due to the geographically closed economies in the MENA region. Thus, we examine the impact of OR and NGR on CO2 emissions caring spatial dimensions and analyze the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC).

Methods

We apply the spatial Durbin model technique on the effects of OR, NGR, and economic growth on CO2 emissions in 17 MENA nations from 2000–2019, i.e., Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Yemen. Moreover, diagnostic tests are applied to reach the most appropriate spatial specification and to have the most robust results.

Results

The results disclose that CO2 emissions have spillovers and emissions of any country can damage the environment of neighboring countries. The EKC is corroborated with a turning point of 38,698 constant 2015 US dollars. Israel and Qatar are in 2nd phase of the EKC, and 15 MENA economies are in 1st stage. Thus, the economic expansion of most economies has ecological concerns. The effect of natural gas rents is found statistically insignificant. Oil rents have minute negative effects on emissions of local economies with an elasticity coefficient of −0.2117. Nevertheless, these have a positive indirect effect with an elasticity coefficient of 0.5328. Thus, the net effect of oil rents is positive. One percent increase in oil rents could accelerate 0.3211% of emissions. Thus, we suggest the MENA countries reduce reliance on oil rents in their income to avoid the negative environmental effects of the oil sector.
Qualificação e seleção de fornecedores com ênfase a aplicação de compliance: uma revisão literária
Authors: De Oliveira Alessandra Mendes , Carvalho Juliana de Souza , Cordovil Rodrigo da Silva , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Souto Sistina Pereira
Published: July 2023

Em um mundo cada vez mais globalizado e com o aumento de acesso a informações, mudanças de mercado, opções de fornecimento ampliadas, as organizações estão cada vez  mais seletiva em seus processos de parcerias, o presente estudo visa demonstrar como podemos utilizar as práticas do compliance para elevar o nível de fornecimento através da elaboração de políticas, regulamentos e melhores práticas de conformidades em seus processos de qualificação e homologação de fornecedores, neste sentido o estudo literário refutar que as boas práticas de Compliance podem trazer evoluções positivas, com o objetivo de trabalhar dentro de uma  conduta ética, aumentando  a imagem e reputação da organização, uma avaliação de riscos eficaz, contribuindo para o crescimento do negócio e um relacionamento direto e transparente  com os prestadores de serviços.
Effectiveness of Extension Intervention Provided by State Department of Agriculture in Tamil Nadu during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mathuabirami V. , Karthikeyan C. , Devi M. Nirmala , Ganapathi Patil Santhosh , J. Paul Mansingh
Published: July 2023

Aim: The main aim of this research is to study the extension officials’ perception towards the effectiveness of online training programme conducted during COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Design:  Cross section research design.

Place and Duration of Study: Coimbatore and Tiruvallur districts of Tamil Nadu, India. Two years (2021-2022).

Methodology: From the selected two districts 70 extension officials were randomly selected for conducting the study. Data were collected from the extension officials who conducted online training during COVID-19 pandemic. Paper-Pencil survey method was used to collect data from the farmers. The survey approach is useful for evaluating opinions and trends by gathering quantitative data. A separate scale was developed for assessing the extension officials’ perception towards the effectiveness of online training. Kirkpatrick’s model was used for developing scale to measure the extension officials’ perception towards the effectiveness of online training. The developed scale were validated by the experts. A scale was measured using 5-point Likert scale with 1 denoting "strongly disagree and 5 denoting “strongly disagree” were employed in this study.

Results: Majority of the extension officials admitted that training programme is adequate, objectives of the training programme successfully achieved, training programmed lead to better performance of farmers and training programme improved knowledge and skills of the farmers. The major findings of the study were that the majority of the extension officials admitted that they had medium to very high level of perception towards the effectiveness of online training.

Conclusion: online training programme would be best alternative for the normal mode of conducting training programme. In comparison with offline training time and cost will be saved in online training programme. It was recommended to policy makers and government that online training could also be included in transfer of technology process.
Duality between E-commerce and Cybersecurity: Case of Central Africa
Authors: Kwa Patrick Aurélien Ampiri , Fati Aristide Mankiti , Tsahat Conrad Onesime Oboulhas
Published: July 2023

In this article, the duality between e-commerce and cybersecurity in Central Africa’s case has been presented. To achieve this, a field study was conducted by submitting a question in order to make sure that the impact of cybersecurity on e-commerce in Africa in general and Central Africa in particular is real. A questionnaire was submitted to small and medium-sized business online sales companies, Congolese campuses, research laboratories, those who submit the articles online, and African Internet users. Risk assessments based on loopholes, threats, and countermeasures were also conducted. The results of this study are successful insofar as the results of the survey sufficiently prove the existence of the problem. The outcome of the risk assessment based on flaws, threats, and countermeasures is the panacea for the investigation, in the sense that strengthening countermeasures at the level of online merchants minimizes the risk of being attacked or victimized.
Biochemical Response and Histopathologic Alterations in Papyrocranus afer from Banegbe River, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Joy Ogana, , Celestine Orji, Ejike , Frances Nworji, Ogechukwu
Published: July 2023

Aim: This study investigated the effects of pollutants on the biochemical and histopathological components of Papyrocranus afer obtained from the Banegbe River at different locations (upstream, middle-stream, and downstream). The effect of the pollutant on the checked were, levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood samples of the fishes and the histopathologic alterations of the gills and liver of the fishes.                                                                              

Methodology: The gills and liver tissue of the fish were collected and processed using routine histologic techniques for fixing and embedding in paraffin and staining sections with hem eosin. All the indices of the enzyme tests were estimated with the aid of Randox Diagnostic Test Kits following the manufacturer’s methods.                                

Results: Evaluation of the plasma enzymes showed significant increases (p<0.05) in plasma ALT, AST, and ALP activity in all the sampled points of Banegbe River when compared to the control 1 (Orogodo river) with middle-stream having significant (p<0.05) higher concentrations when compared to down-stream and up-stream. The main alterations observed in the liver of the fish at the Banegbe River were Kupffer cell hyperplasia and focal necrosis of the liver. While the gills showed alteration of the structure of the epithelium, hyperplasia of the epithelium of the primary lamella, epithelial lifting, vacuolization, alteration of the structure, and occurrence of aneurysms in the secondary lamella, all these alterations were as a result of pollutant in the river. Control 1 showed normal parenchymal cells of the liver and normal gill structure.   

Conclusion: The increase in enzyme activities suggests leakage of these enzymes from the liver cytosol into the bloodstream as a result of liver damage by contaminants. From our results, it can be concluded that the Banegbe River is polluted as a result of effluents channeled in the river by industries within the environs.
Phytochemical Screening and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic Analysis of the Leaf and Stem Extracts of Amaranthus Spinosus
Authors: Ijeoma Anyanele, Sylvalyn , Egbulefu Ajiwe, Vincent Ishmael , Chibuzo Anyanele, Wisdom , Ogechukwu Umeokoli, Blessing , Uchenna Modozie, Benjamin
Published: July 2023

This research work was carried out to determine the phytochemicals and elemental constituents present in the leaf and stem of Amaranthus spinosus. The atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis was carried out using the crushed dry plant materials while the extraction of the phytochemicals was carried out using methanol in a Soxhlet extractor. From the analysis done, the following elements were detected in the plant parts: cobalt, lead, manganese, nickel, copper, cadmium, magnesium, iron, chromium and calcium but nickel was found absent in the leaf. Some of these elements are beneficial to health. The phytochemical screening done indicated the presence of the following: alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, volatile oils, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Systemic Condition Associated with Bruxism- A Case Report
Authors: Kumar K. Mahesh , Reddy Vundela Rajashekar , Nandini Ambika K. , Chowdhary Nagalakshmi
Published: July 2023

Bruxism is a condition characterized by grinding and involuntary clenching of teeth. It is risk factor for development of dysfunction. The psychologist’s paediatrician need help in deciding whether dysfunctional behavioural is in need of treatment or not. Many factors associated in children’s who brush are anxiety personality attention deficient, hyper activity disorder and parafunctional activity habits. The most important characteristics of bruxism is no functional contact of mandibular natural teeth resulting of clenching of grinding of teeth. The present case report refers to the asthmatic patient who reported to the department with complains of grinding of teeth which was managed with occlusal splints.
Pulmonary Embolism Complicating Infective Endocarditis: A Pediatric Case Report
Authors: Mezdaoui Imane , Benbrahim Fadoua , Elhafidi Naima , Mahraoui Chafiq , Benchekroun Soumia
Published: July 2023

Aims: The study was to highlight pulmonary embolism that is considered a serious and potentially deadly disease. Its incidence in children is probably underestimated and cases reported in the literature, particularly in pediatrics, are rare.

Presentation of Case: we report the case of an 11-year-old male child diagnosed with pulmonary embolism complicating infective endocarditis. A thoracic CT angiography confirmed a distal pulmonary embolus, aneurysms of the lobar and segmental branches of the pulmonary artery and nodules and excavated pulmonary masses in favor of septic emboli. The evolution was unfavorable despite anticoagulant treatment and adequate antibiotherapy.

Discussion: an overview of septic embolism associated with infective endocarditis will be the main topic focusing on key diagnostic and therapeutic choices. An early pulmonary CT angiography in case of any thoracic symptoms that do not evolve favorably in a child is highly recommended.

Conclusion: The identification of other pediatric cases will be useful in order to establish diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines specific to the pediatric population.
Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Crude Extract of Seed, Leaf and Stem of Linum usitatissimum on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Godwin Vongdip Nanman , Abigail Adugbe , Uduakobong Obot Blessing , Luka Carol. D.
Published: July 2023

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistent high glucose level.  Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed) which is rich in fibre and essential fatty acid is one of the functional foods used in management of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of L. usititatissimum seed leaf and stem on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats to see which part is more potent in the management of diabetes. Thirty (30) albino rats weighing 170-200g were used for this study and diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 55mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin. The albino rats were randomly divided into six (6) groups which are as follows: Group A; normal control, B; diabetic control group, C; standard drug (Glibenclamide), D-F were adminstered different parts of crude plants extract. The phytochemistry analysis showed that the seed possessed more bioactive component followed by the leaf and lastly the stem. The phytochemical present in Linum usitatissimum include: alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpene, steroid, balsam, carbohydrate and phenol. Across the groups that received crude aqueous extract of L. usititatissimum was a significant reduction of blood glucose level, however, the seed (6.60 ± 2.450bc) showed more significant difference when compared to the leaf (7.65 ± 1.100bc) and stem (7.95 ± 2.650bc) respectively. On the other hand, the protein and albumin biomarkers were significantly (P ≤0.005) increased across groups.  Crude aqueous extract of L. usititatissimum also showed antihyperlidemic properties, improved serum enzymes and electrolytes levels. There was also significant positive impact on hematological parameters. In accordance with the results                 of this investigation, L. Usititatissimum seed part is a more potent antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic agent on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats although, the leaf and stem also demonstrated significant positive impact on biochemical and haematological parameters. This positive result might be as result of various phytochemical component present in the plant.
Effect of Conching Process Parameters on Casson Viscosity of Emulsifier-Free Milk Chocolate
Authors: Navale A. G. , Rajesh G. K.
Published: July 2023

Milk chocolate is a type of chocolate composed of cocoa nibs, milk powder, sugar and cocoa butter. Generally, emulsifiers are commonly added to chocolates in order to modify their flow properties. Therefore, it is intriguing to explore the influence of conching process parameters on the viscosity of milk chocolate without emulsifiers. This paper aims to investigate the impact of various conching process parameters on the Casson viscosity of emulsifier-free milk chocolate. The effect of conching process parameters viz. conching temperature, conching time and rotation speed of the machine on the Casson viscosity of emulsifier-free milk chocolate was studied. The study was conducted at Food Processing Lab of KCAET, Tavanur, Kerala in the year 2022-2023. The Casson viscosity of the chocolate samples was determined using a controlled stress-strain rheometer. The results showed that Casson viscosity of emulsifier-free milk chocolate varied from 6.5 and 14.5 Pa.s and chocolate had shown a shear thinning behaviour. The study shows that Casson viscosity increased with decrease in conching temperature and conching time.  Whereas increase in Casson viscosity was observed with increase in rotation speed of machine. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the regression model was 0.97 shows the significant effect of conching process parameters on Casson viscosity of emulsifier-free milk chocolate.
A Study on Vertical Gardens in Urban Areas under Agro Climatic Conditions of Prayagraj, India
Authors: Tiwari Aakanksha , Singh Devi , Fatmi Urfi , Wesley C. John
Published: July 2023

An experiment was conducted on the topic “A study on vertical gardens in urban areas’’ during rainy season 2021-22 at the Research Field of Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj. The observations were recorded on various growth parameter. Vertical gardens are becoming a common component in contemporary garden designs at urban living spaces because of shrinking land spaces. Successful growing of plants in vertical garden systems depends up on growing container, plant chosen, growing media etc. Hence a study was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom university of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, India with the objective to study about suitable media composition along with vermicompost, perlite, coir pith, pumice stone and peat moss on growth and performance of ornamentals plant for establishment of vertical garden and to study the performance of ornamental plants viz., Duranta erecta, Hemelia patens, Iresine lindeni, Tabernamontana divaricata, Hemelia patens, in plastic pot for establishment of vertical garden. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomised Design in plastic pot with five treatment combination of various growing media mixtures comprising soil, river sand as basic components in combination with organic manures (vermicompost, coir pith, perlite, peat moss, pumice stone). The plant growth parameters and ornamental morphological characters observed. Among the five ornamentals plants used Golden duranta and Mini Chandani performed better as ornamental plants in vertical garden system with the growing media of soil:cocopeat:vermicompost:perlite (1:1:1:0.5).
Different Varieties of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in Prayagraj Agro-Climatic Conditions
Authors: Rout Chinmoy Kumar , Kerketta Anita , Bahadur Vijay
Published: July 2023

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth parameters, reproductive parameters and yield parameters of fifteen different varieties of cowpea in Prayagraj agro-climatic conditions. It was performed at the Research Field of the Department of Horticulture in the year 2022 between August and December. Simple RBD was used for the analysis, with three replications. The observations were made about several characters. Based on the observations recorded, Red Rose and Selection Hanghama were found to be the best varieties in terms of earliness, viz., days to 1st flowering (33.27 days) and (33.47 days) and days to 50% flowering (37.53 days) and (38.60 days), respectively. In terms of yield, Booster Cowpea and Kashi Kanchan were found to be the best over other varieties, viz., yield per plant (473.80 g) and (387.87 g), pod yield (17.55 t/h) and (14.37 t/h) respectively.
Response of Organic Manures and Rice Residues on Yield Attributes of Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.)
Authors: Serawat Rohan , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Reddy I. Srinath
Published: July 2023

The trial carried for the two repeated years, start from rabi seasons of the years 2021-22 at research farm, department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, [NAI], SHUATS, Prayagraj. The excavated soil sample from experimental site before conducting research operation, mentioned that, the land topography range was nearly levelled with 1-3% slope, among nine treatments, during field experimentation, the conjunctive use of NPK and different organic manures (FYM, vermicompost and jeevamrutha) levels, together come with best results significantly. However, the growth factors including pre-harvest parameters i.e. height of plant 122.2 cm, and number of siliquae plant-1 78.5 opined significantly highest in treatment T6 registering [NPK @ 100 % + VC @ 100 % + @ R @  100 %  + Zn @ 100 %], which in turn influenced in achieving highest mean of number of seed siliquae-1 5.61, oil content 36.96 % and weight of 100 grains 3.5 g, which eventually gave the highest increasing mean of grain yield 1.65 t ha-1, straw yield 3.18 t ha-1, biological yield 4.83 t ha-1, harvest index 34.18 %, net returns of 88,133.00 and 88,638.00.50 Rs ha-1, wider C:B ratio 1:1.46 and 1:1.47 as compared to rest of treatments.