bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching as a political act: The role of critical pedagogical practices and curriculum
Authors: Sinha Chetan
Published: July 2016

The present paper is an inquiry into the role of the teacher in the context of the dominant Indian value system, an imposed curriculum and teacher-students interactions from the social psychological and critical interdisciplinary perspectives. The role of the school in the present modernist worldview is to frame and impart knowledge which may lead to economic growth. In this context, the role of the teacher is observed as being limited to a bearer of information rather than a leader who visualizes change and develops critical ability among students. Based on the theoretical framework of postformalism and collective/social identity, the current work argues that the role of the teacher is not limited to passively following and communicating mainstream values but involves constructing a new participative identity through critical pedagogical engagement and by acting as an active agent of social change.
The Gravity Model Approach: An Application on the Eco Was Trading Bloc
Authors: Luqman Afolabi O. , Abu Bakar Nor Aznin , Mukhriz Izraf Azman Aziz
Published: July 2016

This study aims to examine bilateral trade flows across ECOWAS-15 nations with the use of a panel and cross section for the period of 1981-2013. The methodology carried out to achieve this objective involves the use of various techniques of estimation for the gravity model (Static and dynamic). More specifically, this study aims to investigate the formational impact of regional trade integration agreements on trade flows within a group of countries using the same currencies and ECOWAS at large. The main use of regional variables into gravity models is intended to determine whether RTAs lead to trade creation, or diversion. The results show the presence of a strong relationship among the factors of both RIAs and trade flows.
Applying of Indicator Vertebrate Species to Environmental Assessment in the Landscape: Danube – Oder – Elbe Water Canal in the Czech Republic
Authors: Poprach Karel , Řehák Zdeněk , Zwach Ivan , Machar Ivo
Published: July 2016

The aim of the study is to assess potential impact of construction of the Danube - Oder - Elbe (DOL) water canal on populations of vertebrate species - amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals - and present using these species as bioindicators on landscape level. For analysis of the data, the canal route was divided into smaller sections which were assessed separately. The following criteria were analysed: 1) current occurrence of target vertebrate species, 2) identification of species affected by canal construction, including evaluation of their numbers, 3) identification of affected species protected by Czech legislation, 4) identification of affected species protected by EU legislation, 5) impact assessment of the DOL project on Special Protection Areas (SPAs) and Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), 6) data synthesis and impact assessment of the DOL vertebrates in the particular catchment areas. It is apparent that the most important negative impacts on vertebrate populations and their habitats in case of implementation of the DOL plan can be expected in the following sections of the Morava river: Hodonín - Břeclav, Kroměříž - Otrokovice, Veselí na Moravě - Hodonín, Troubky - Kroměříž, Doubravice - Střelice; of the Oder river: Jeseník nad Odrou - Ostrava, Ostrava - state border; and of the Elbe river: Česká Třebová - Pardubice. In case of construction of the DOL canal, disturbance, damage or loss of vertebrate habitats will occur at least at 6 out of 9 studied sections in the Morava catchment area, at 3 of 4 sections in the Oder catchment area and at 2 of 3 sections in the Elbe catchment area.
Improved molding of micro structures using PVD-coated mold inserts
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Bobzin Kirsten , Brögelmann Tobias , Schäfer Christian , Schöngart Maximilian , Röbig Malte , Naderi Mona
Published: July 2016

Micro structured optical plastics components are intensively used, i.e. in consumer electronics, for optical sensors in metrology, innovative LED-lighting, or laser technology. Injection molding has been proven successful for the large-scale production of these parts. However, the production of these parts still causes difficulties due to challenges in the molding and demolding of plastics parts created with laser-structured mold inserts. A complete molding of the structures often leads to increased demolding forces, which then cause a breaking of the structures and a clogging of the mold. An innovative approach is to combine physical vapor deposition (PVD)-coated, laser-structured inserts and a variothermal molding process to create functional micro structures in a one-step process. Therefore, a PVD coating is applied after the laser-structuring process in order to improve the wear resistance and the anti-adhesive properties against the plastics melt. In a series of molding trials with polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using different coated molds, the mold temperature during injection was varied in the range of the glass transition and the melt temperature of the polymers. Subsequently, the surface topography of the molded parts was evaluated by digital three-dimensional laser-scanning microscopy. The influence of the molding parameters and the coating of the mold insert on the molding accuracy and the demolding behavior were analyzed. It was shown that micro structures created by ultra-short pulse laser ablation can be successfully replicated in a variothermal molding process. Due to the mold coating, significant improvements could be achieved in producing micro structured optical plastics components.
Characteristics of finite difference methods for dispersive shallow water equations
Authors: Fedotova Zinaida I. , Khakimzyanov Gayaz S.
Published: July 2016

The paper contains a description of the most important properties of numerical methods for solving nonlinear dispersive hydrodynamic equations and their distinctions from similar properties of finite difference schemes approximating classic dispersion-free shallow water equations.
Agriculture and Rural Life in the Ottoman Empire (ca 1500-1878)
Authors: Faroqhi Suraiya
Published: July 2016

When introducing this survey, it is necessary to say a word of justification about the time limits adopted. The year 1500 has been selected as an approximate starting point, because only during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II (1481-1512) do Ottoman tax registers become frequent enough to allow even approximate conclusions with respect to agricultural production. However when dealing with certain regions of the Empire, we need to adopt an even later starting point. After all, part of this paper deals with ‘Syria’ in the broad sense of the word, that is, the region bordering the eastern Mediterranean between Anatolia and Egypt; and this area was only conquered by the Ottomans in 1516. As to Tunisia, to which the present paper will also refer, this country only became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1533 or 1570.
The Genesis of Planning in Turkey
Authors: Milor Vedat
Published: July 2016

Much of the discussion today concerning economic development is confined to the polar opposites of the private market and centralized bureaucratic intervention. The dominant paradigm in economics nowadays bluntly claims that state economic interventionism strangles the economy and hinders the development of productive forces. Such a view leads to the neoconservative fallacy in politics that privatizing the public enterprises and rolling back the frontiers of the state will somehow “unstrangle” the economy.
Merchants and Trade in Early Modern Iraq
Authors: Khoury Dina Rizk
Published: July 2016

The literature on merchants and trade in the early modern Middle East is still rudimentary. Although the period witnessed basic changes in trade patterns of the region, there have been very few regional studies addressing the nature of trade and the various groups engaged in it, either from an internal or local perspective or from an international one (Masters, 1988; Raymond, 1984; Abdel-Nour, 1982). For much of the Arab world there is a gap in the literature between Goitein's and Ashtor's works on the Middle Ages on the one hand, and the eighteenth century on the other when northern European companies acquired a strong foothold in the area (Goitein, 1966, 1967; Ashtor, 1978). For Iraq there exist almost no general works on the early Ottoman period and the Iraqi archives remain inaccessible. Thus, any conclusions on trade and merchants in Iraq during this period are by necessity tentative and general. There are a number of issues that can be raised with respect to early modern Iraq, however, which are relevant to the history of early modern trade in general.
Open-Door Treaties: China and the Ottoman Empire Compared
Authors: Kasaba Reşat
Published: July 2016

The Balta Limam Treaty of 1838, the Nanjing Treaty of 1842, and the events that led to them have epochal significance in the history of Britain's involvement in the Ottoman Empire and China. In addition to stipulating the principles according to which commercial relations were to take place between England and the Ottoman Empire and China, these treaties became the first in a series of international and domestic measures that marked a turn toward free trade and informal empire as distinct from the widespread use of formal methods of control that had characterized British policies in previous periods. As such, the treaties are also regarded as having a global significance. Furthermore, unlike previous unilateral grants by the Ottoman and Chinese governments that restricted the commerce and the residence of foreigners, the Balta Limam and Nanjing documents were drawn up as bilateral agreements that greatly expanded the foreigners’ ability to trade and reside in the Ottoman Empire and China.
Turkey and the European Community: Forging New Identities along Old Lines
Authors: Eralp Atila
Published: July 2016

Questions of modernization have been closely related to issues of identity and therefore of internal order and foreign policy in Turkey ever since the nineteenth century. For Ottoman reformers and their successors in the Turkish Republic, modernization, in turn, has meant the fashioning of the polity along European lines or “westernization.” This transformation of the land of the infidel from enemy to a societal blueprint to be emulated has brought in its wake serious problems regarding identity and appurtenance. Over a period of a hundred years, the polity has transformed itself from an eastern empire to a modern nation-state seeking inclusion within the institutional and cultural fold of the West. This makes Turkey an interesting case to look at, especially since, in many other countries outside the West, identity has largely been defined in terms of opposition to the West.
Peasant Migration: Law and Practice in Early Ottoman Palestine
Authors: Singer Amy
Published: July 2016

Peasant migration was the subject of careful regulation in the Ottoman Empire. The government tried to control peasant movement in order to ensure the supply of agricultural labor; peasants, on the other hand, used migration as one weapon against government abuses. This article examines Ottoman policy towards migration and recorded instances of peasant migration in sixteenth-century Palestine.

Peasant migration is most commonly considered in the context of seasonal labor movements, responding to large-scale agricultural enterprises or temporary labor shortages. Alternatively, migration may occur as a result of some disaster: war, famine, drought, or flood. Temporary migration suggests a short-term move, wherein people pull up stakes for a denned period and retrace their steps after some months or years. This article, however, examines migration as the action of individuals who appear to have left their former homes permanently.
The Financial Transformation of the 1980s and the Behavior of Velocity in Turkey
Authors: Keyder Nur
Published: July 2016

The velocity of money (V) indicates the number of times money stock turns over in the economy to accommodate a given level of transactions (proxied by GNP). In other words, velocity measures the relationship between nominal income and the money stock. In the original version of the quantity theory of money, nominal income is equal to velocity times money stock; i.e. Py = MV where P stands for the price level, y is real income, M is the money stock. In this framework, when velocity is assumed to be constant, changes in money stock can create predictable effects on the nominal income.
An elastic elements calculation in the construction of electrical connectors based on flexible printed cables
Authors: Yefimenko A. A. , Merlyan S. V.
Published: July 2016

In this article we consider the method of constructive parameters calculation of the elastic elements, which are used in electrical connectors of flexible printed cables. Electrical connectors characterized by the fact that the contact pair is needed to provide pressure. It is also important to know the optimum ratio between stability of the contact connection and the necessary value of the transition resistance. These ratios are studied sufficiently for discrete electrical connectors, however for connectors of flexible printed cables this theme is not explored enough. The purpose of this work is to develop methods that will allow to carry out calculations for elastic elements, which provide communication, and to determine the size of case elements for electrical connectors. We consider two types of connectors. First are removable electrical connections where it is necessary to find a compromise between the resistance value and the separating (engaging) force. Second are permanent connections, where counts only the value of the transition resistance.
For the first type of connectors were considered a simple form of the liner, in the shape of a rubber block, as in this case, the pressure should be created only by the compression of the liner and fixing it. It is important to get accurate results of the pressure calculation for removable electrical connections, because in this case we consider especial shape of elastomeric liner, which allows to create the pressure not only by compression of the liner, but by deformation it as a spring.
For this task, the engaging force was specified on the basis of already known facts. It was important to set the amount of deformation that defines the shape and size of the liner and the case. We solved the problem of transition from the units of measuring hardness, specified in the technical specifications of rubber, to the value of the Young's modulus used in the calculations of constructive parameters of connectors. We got an analytic dependence that can be used to find the Young's modulus for a known value of hardness on a scale Shore A. We gave examples of the amount of compression calculation in the elastomeric liner to provide a reliable contact for specified values of the transition resistance for the removable and permanent connectors based on flexible printed cable.
Role of personality in scientific advancement (dedicated to the eightieth anniversary of the birth of Lev G. Gassanov)
Authors: Glushechenko E. M. , Narytnik T. N.
Published: July 2016

The article is dedicated to Lev G. Gassanov who between 1974 and 1991 headed the “Saturn» Research Institute. Lev Gassanov was an outstanding personality, a talented leader, organizer and scholar, author of many books, scientific works and inventions, he founded a national school for the creation of a broad range of micropower electronics devices and systems.
Self-Invention in the Realm of Production
Authors: Farber David
Published: July 2016

In the 1960s and 1970s, self-avowed members of the counterculture, often based on the west coast and in the Rocky Mountain West, eschewed critics’ stereotypical notions of stoned and indolent hippies and struggled to build an alternative economic system. While rejecting corporate capitalism and consumer acquisitiveness, they built new enterprises, new institutions, new organizational forms, and new practices that gave proof of the possibility of creating economically sustainable, alternative lives. Do-it-yourself practices, especially building one’s own home or repairing one’s own vehicle, promised to free practitioners from working for wages in order to afford consumer goods—even as DIY culture often promoted traditional gender roles. While many of the counterculture’s attempts at escaping the employee-consumer nexus failed or were short-lived, it did succeed in outlining an alternative approach to both production and consumption that has had a continuing impact on American capitalist development.
Vitellogenin2: spermatozoon specificity and immunoprotection in mud crabs
Authors: Yang Ya’nan , Zheng Biqi , Bao Chenchang , Huang Huiyang , Ye Haihui
Published: July 2016

As the precursor of vitellin (Vn), vitellogenin (Vg) has initially been considered as a female-specific protein involved in vitellogenesis, while it was also present in males induced by hormones or organs manipulation. Distinct from vtg1 we previously found in female mud crab Scylla paramamosain, vtg2 was intriguingly detected in male testis under normal physiological conditions in this study. Sequence analysis showed that vtg2 and vtg1 were actually two isoforms of Vg caused by different types of alternative splicing. PCR and in situ hybridization analysis revealed that vtg2 was localized only in the testicular spermatozoa, while Vn was detected in both the spermatozoa of the testis and seminal vesicle. Therefore, we speculated that Vn was initially translated in testicular spermatozoa, then migrated with spermatozoa, and finally stored in the seminal vesicle, where spermatozoa gradually accomplished maturation. We presumed that vtg2/Vn might act as an immune-relevant molecule in the male reproduction system. In the subsequent experiment, the expression of vtg2/Vn in testis was significantly induced in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) injection at both transcriptional and translational levels. In the light of the results presented above, we deemed that vtg2/Vn is a novel candidate of immune-relevant molecules involved in immunoprotection during the spermatozoon maturation, and this research helps to open a new avenue for further exploring the role of Vg.
Two Case Reports of FGF23-Induced Hypophosphatemia in Childhood Biliary Atresia
Authors: Wasserman Halley , Ikomi Chijioke , Hafberg Einar T. , Miethke Alexander G. , Bove Kevin E. , Backeljauw Philippe F.
Published: July 2016

Cholestatic liver disease has long been associated with childhood rickets, secondary to impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamin D. Elevated serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), secondary to genetic defects or tumor-induced osteomalacia, causes hypophosphatemic rickets in childhood. We present 2 infants with end-stage liver disease due to biliary atresia (BA) who developed hypophosphatemia with renal phosphate wasting. Serum FGF23 levels were elevated more than 8 times the upper limit of normal, and the older infant showed radiographic evidence of rickets. Both infants required large supplements of phosphate in addition to calcitriol. Following liver transplantation, FGF23 normalized in both patients and phosphate and calcitriol supplementation were discontinued. Immunohistochemistry revealed ectopic overexpression of FGF23 by hepatocytes in the BA liver. These observations highlight a unique cause of hypophosphatemic rickets in childhood and suggest the need for further investigation into the relationship between BA and other cholestatic disorders, and bone metabolism.
Rapid analysis and identification of the main constituents in Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS
Authors: Zhong Yan-Mei , Zhong Xun-Long , Wang Ji-Hua , Han Liang
Published: July 2016

Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fisch. (PSF), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been demonstrated to show therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was developed for identification of the major constituents in PSF. The separation analysis was performed on Waters Acquity UPLC system, and the accurate mass of molecules and their fragment ions were determined by Q-TOF-MS. Thirty-one constituents, including triterpenoids, iridoids, flavonoids, and organic acids were detected and tentatively deduced on the basis of their element compositions, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data, and relevant literatures. Twelve constituents were discovered for the first time in PSF. The results demonstrated that hederagenin-type and oleanolic acid-type saponins were the main constituents of PSF. Our work provides a certain foundation for further quantitation of major chemical constituents and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of PSF. Moreover, the analytical approach developed herein has proven to be generally applicable for profiling the chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and other complicated mixtures.
Paulo Moura’s Hepteto and Quarteto
Authors: Korman Clifford Hill
Published: July 2016

As with American and other well-documented global jazz iterations, the presence of jazz in Brazil may be seen in the context of a story that includes or even initiates from local, regional and national trends in popular and improvised music. This long and complex history seems to require a descriptive label that is more nuanced, and in fact, more based on an equivalency of contribution than the Americo-centric ‘Brazilian jazz’. Through a case study of Paulo Moura’s recordings of 1968–69, this article considers the transmission, appropriation, invention and circulation of musical style and language. Following the work of George E. Lewis and David Ake, the possibility of identifying and defining a particular Brazilian set of approaches to this process is contemplated.
Jazz in Brazil
Authors: Fléchet Anaïs
Published: July 2016

Brazil was a very early convert to jazz, which was marked by numerous appropriations and musical fusions. The first echoes of jazz were heard in Rio in 1917, a few months after the official birth of samba. Yet still little is known about the early history of jazz in Brazil. This article adopts a cultural and social history approach to music to identify the actors and sociological vectors that enabled the first appropriation of jazz by Brazilian musicians and audiences; to analyse the evolution of jazz repertoires; and to understand its impact (real, albeit highly controversial) on the Brazilian musical scene from the 1920s to the 1950s.
Differentiation of 2- and 6-isomers of (2-dimethylaminopropyl)benzofuran by tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Shevyrin V. A.
Published: July 2016

Reliable identification of new psychoactive substances of 2-(2-methylaminopropyl)benzofuran and 6-(2-methylaminopropyl)benzofuran is problematic when analyzing by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method. It found that these two isomers can be reliably differentiated by MS/MS spectra obtained by collision-induced dissociation of their protonated molecules.
The developmental status and prevalence of sensory integration difficulties in premature infants in a tertiary hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa
Authors: Lecuona Elise R , van Jaarsveld Annamarie , van Heerden Rita , Raubenheimer Jacques
Published: July 2016

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Research indicates that premature infants are at risk of neurological abnormalities and developmental and functional delays during infancy and early childhood. Annually, in South Africa, approximately 15% of infants are born prematurely, the majority being from low socio-economic homes. Basic needs and survival of the infant take priority over developmental progress of infants. Since developmental progress is dependent on sensory integration, the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of developmental and sensory integration difficulties in premature infants in South Africa. METHODS: A descriptive, observational study was conducted. Relevant information on medical history and environmental factors were obtained through parent questionnaires. Three standardised assessments, the Bayley III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, the Test of Sensory Function in Infants and the Infant/Toddler Sensory Profile, were used. RESULTS: Infants presented with low average to average performance in all developmental subtests. The majority (67.7%) of infants presented with typical sensory seeking behaviour. Sensory processing difficulties were identified in terms of high neurological thresholds resulting in low registration behaviour as well as low neurological thresholds, resulting in sensory sensitivity and sensory avoiding behaviour. This influenced their adaptive motor functions and normal development. CONCLUSION: Premature infants participating in this research presented with challenges regarding developmental and sensory integration. Key words: sensory integration difficulties; development; premature infants; South Africa
Incorporating a three dimensional photovoltaic structure for optimum solar power generation – the effect of height
Authors: Mafimidiwo Olufunmilayo Alice , Saha Akshay Kumar
Published: July 2016

In a renewable energy system, incorporating threedimensional technology in solar power generation takes advantage of the three-dimensional nature of the biosphere so that energy collection occurs in a volume, contrary to what is commonly obtained in planar or flat photovoltaic panel. Three-dimensional photovoltaic technologies are capable of generating more power from the same base area when compared to the conventional flat solar panels. This investigation examines methodologies for computation and analyses the effect of height per unit volume compared with a plain surface arrangement. The results show remarkable increase in the energy generated by the three-dimensional photovoltaic structure over the two-dimensional planar structures.
The treatment of chronic heart failure secondary to Chagas cardiomyopathy in the contemporary era
Authors: Bestetti Reinaldo Bulgarelli , Daniel Rosemary Aparecida Furlan
Published: July 2016

Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) affects about half patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy. Outcome of CHF secondary to Chagas cardiomyopathy is relentless with an annual mortality approaching 20%, which is higher than that observed in non-Chagas disease heart failure. The pathophysiology of Chagas disease is similar to that found in non-Chagas disease heart failure with a marked activation of the neurohormonal system. No randomized trial has been conducted in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy with CHF to assess the effect of a drug on mortality of such patients. Therefore, the treatment of CHF secondary to Chagas cardiomyopathy relies on drugs prescribed to patients with non-Chagas disease heart failure. Patients with Chagas disease heart failure have been classified into stages A to D according to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association.  Little can be done to patients in the stage A of CHF, except for treatment of comorbidities. In patients in the stage B of CHF, aldosterone receptor antagonist, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), and Betablockers (BB) can be indicated. In patients in the stage C of CHF, the same drugs are of value. In addition, diuretics, digoxin, angiotensin receptor blockers to patients intolerant to ACEI have also been used.  Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator may have indications similar to that of non-Chagas disease patients. In stage D of CHF, heart transplantation is a valid option for patients with this condition. 
El libro segundo de Tristán de 1534: ideas sobre el amor y el matrimonio
Authors: Cuesta Torre María Luzdivina
Published: July 2016

El libro segundo de Tristán de 1534: ideas sobre el amor y el matrimonio
La teoría aristotélica del Primer Motor: Estudio especial del Tratado de Caelo
Authors: Rus Rufino Salvador , Sánchez Manzano María Asunción
Published: July 2016

La teoría aristotélica del Primer Motor: Estudio especial del Tratado de Caelo
Sobre implicaciones lingüísticas: Solidaridad léxica y expresión fija
Authors: García-Page Sánchez Mario
Published: July 2016

Sobre implicaciones lingüísticas: Solidaridad léxica y expresión fija
La expresión de la filosofía de Séneca sobre la muerte en las tragedias
Authors: Sánchez Manzano María Asunción
Published: July 2016

La expresión de la filosofía de Séneca sobre la muerte en las tragedias
Toponimia euskera y prerromana en los valles de Liébana
Authors: Canal Sánchez-Pagín José María
Published: July 2016

Toponimia euskera y prerromana en los valles de Liébana
Las Consolationes de Séneca
Authors: Marcos Celestino Mónica
Published: July 2016

Las Consolationes de Séneca
Aspectos temáticos en la narrativa de Valentín Andrés Alvarez
Authors: Ramos Vallejo Ángela
Published: July 2016

Aspectos temáticos en la narrativa de Valentín Andrés Alvarez
Los otros traductores: el intérprete en el descubrimiento y colonización de Filipinas
Authors: Villoria Secundino
Published: July 2016

Los otros traductores: el intérprete en el descubrimiento y colonización de Filipinas
La salvación por la palabra en la poesía de González-Guerrero
Authors: Balcells José María
Published: July 2016

La salvación por la palabra en la poesía de González-Guerrero
El eterno femenino: una reescritura dramática del mito
Authors: Gil Iriarte María Luisa
Published: July 2016

El eterno femenino: una reescritura dramática del mito
El supersticioso mundo de las campanas
Authors: Marcos Casquero Manuel Antonio
Published: July 2016

El supersticioso mundo de las campanas
El mito de Teseo y la leyenda de Tristán e Isolda: Estudio de unos apuntes inéditos de Ferdinand de Saussure
Authors: Morales Peco Montserrat
Published: July 2016

El mito de Teseo y la leyenda de Tristán e Isolda: Estudio de unos apuntes inéditos de Ferdinand de Saussure
La lealtad al rey: poesía e historia en las Guerras de Independencia de Quito: Pedro Martínez de Loyza
Authors: Paniagua Pérez Jesús
Published: July 2016

La lealtad al rey: poesía e historia en las Guerras de Independencia de Quito: Pedro Martínez de Loyza
Undine, de F. de la Motte Fouqué, como narración fantástica
Authors: Pérez de la Fuente María Belén
Published: July 2016

Undine, de F. de la Motte Fouqué, como narración fantástica
Elementos cervantinos en la poesía de Noroña
Authors: Balcells José María
Published: July 2016

Elementos cervantinos en la poesía de Noroña
De scriptu universi libro: sobre el simbolismo de la escritura en la Divina Comedia de Dante Alighieri
Authors: Brito Díaz Carlos
Published: July 2016

De scriptu universi libro: sobre el simbolismo de la escritura en la Divina Comedia de Dante Alighieri
Relaciones entre ironía romántica y género fantástico en el relato de E.T.A. Hoffmann Der Sandmann
Authors: Esteban Martín Raquel
Published: July 2016

Relaciones entre ironía romántica y género fantástico en el relato de E.T.A. Hoffmann Der Sandmann
El tratado de Plutarco Sobre la superstición (Moralia 167f-168d)
Authors: Marcos Celestino Mónica
Published: July 2016

El tratado de Plutarco Sobre la superstición (Moralia 167f-168d)
Remarques concernant l'histoire des subordonnées d'exception en latin et dans les langues romanes
Authors: Iordache Roxana
Published: July 2016

Remarques concernant l'histoire des subordonnées d'exception en latin et dans les langues romanes
La arcaica Ceres romana y su devenir histórico
Authors: Marcos Celestino Mónica
Published: July 2016

La arcaica Ceres romana y su devenir histórico
Hágase tu presencia o el simbolismo mítico-religioso de la súplica a la amada: "Ven, siempre ven" de Vicente Aleixandre
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge
Published: July 2016

Hágase tu presencia o el simbolismo mítico-religioso de la súplica a la amada: "Ven, siempre ven" de Vicente Aleixandre
Juan José Millás y "El desorden de tu nombre": la temática de la novela a través de los personajes
Authors: Grande Rodríguez Verónica
Published: July 2016

Juan José Millás y "El desorden de tu nombre": la temática de la novela a través de los personajes
"The Last Puritan": George Santayana's concept of a genteel tradition
Authors: Lanero Fernández Juan J.
Published: July 2016

"The Last Puritan": George Santayana's concept of a genteel tradition
Texturas, repercusiones y resonancias persuasivas: Estrategias del impacto visual 'antipublicitario'
Authors: Paramio Vidal Mayela
Published: July 2016

Texturas, repercusiones y resonancias persuasivas: Estrategias del impacto visual 'antipublicitario'
Ethnic Conflict between the Muslims and Christians in Nigeria: The Dilemma of Decision-Making of the Political Elites
Authors: Jacob Ray Ikechukwu
Published: July 2016

This paper examines how ethnic conflict occurred as a result of actions or decisions made by either local  government, state or federal government in Nigeria. Ethnic conflict can be triggered due to various factors, such geographical proximity, group identity, deliberate manipulation of negative perceptions by political leaders, competition of resources, weakness of political institution transitions to democracy, and etc. However, the main focus of this paper is the implementation of Shari’a law in the Northern Nigeria and how the decisions and the implementations have led to blood-shed conflicts in the country. In general, a number of blood-shed events that occurred in Nigeria are also due to the process of decision-making by the political elites that could not fulfil the requirements of the respective ethnic groups. The implications had been overwhelmingly devastating in the country. Uncountable lives were lost via mayhem and blood-shed wars. Homes, shops and properties were destroyed. The economic implications of ethnic conflict have resulted in unequal distribution of resources among individual, groups and regions within the country. The growing economic disparities may increase the fear of those ethnic groups that are disadvantaged; this has warranted that the ignorant masses are often being remote and mobilized by the political class to engage in religious crisis in order to achieve their selfish political interests. In the same vein, similar ethnic based political movements have arisen in Nigeria. Therefore, decision-making is one source that could lead to ethnic conflict in a multi-cultural and ethnic country like Nigeria. Decision-making approach was used to examine the scene of conflict by focusing only on the religious conflict between Muslims and Christians in the country.
Food Culture, Food Security and the Harmonization of Interethnic Groups: A Case Study of Karta Village in the Transmigration Area of Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Vivit Nurdin Bartoven , Bustami Reevany
Published: July 2016

This paper presents a study on the Tulang Bawang society who lives along the river Tulang Bawang, relying on the river and land crops for daily sustenance. This study reviewed how this society handled food security within the context of a changing environment. Based on ecological anthropology, this study used qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. The informants in this study consisted of Lampung ethnic, both Lampung and Javanese ethnic, and others, whose lives depend on the river and the land (agriculture) in Kampung Karta. The study findings showed that with regards to food culture and food security, the two key factors which facilitated the interethnic relations are the social organization and kinship that exists within the society, and the local knowledge and technology (ethno sciences).
Afghanistan: A Study in Internal Conflict and National Cohesion
Authors: Mustafa Ghulam , Khan Adil
Published: July 2016

Conflicts are caused by various reasons. When competing groups’ goals, objectives, needs or values clash the aggression and violence is a result. Afghanistan as multi ethnic state enjoyed internal flexibility till socialist revolution (1978) that changed its social fabric due to ideological clash. In bipolar world this conflict invited the involvement of external actors (USSR & USA). Even after the withdrawal of Soviet troops this conflict sustained till 1992. The Mujahidin who had become new masters of the war torn country added fuel to the fire by converting an ideological clash into an ethnic one. Taliban replaced the Mujahidin but their religious orthodoxy also failed to bring national cohesion.The long sustained conflict has direct bearings on national and individual life of people of Afghanistan who have lost their ability to work together. All attempts made on national cohesion and integration so far have failed. People do not rely and trust each other and they have lost their motivation to work together and to rebuild their institutions and economy. It is the legacy of the long war that is still going on. A closer look at the last 35 years traumatic history of the country clearly illustrates the complexity of the problem due to clash of divergent aims and objectives of several parties.
L2 Learners’ Proficiency Development through Noticing Feedback
Authors: Alavi Seyed Saber , Chow Voon Foo Thomas , Amini Mansour
Published: July 2016

This experimental study investigated the relationship between noticing of corrective feedback and L2 development considering the learners’ perspective on error correction. Specifically, it aimed to uncover the noticeability and effectiveness of recasts, prompts, a combination of the two, to determine a relationship between noticing of CF and learning of the past tense. The participants were four groups of college ESL learners (n = 40). Each group was assigned to a treatment condition, but the researcher taught the control group. CF was provided to learners in response to their mistakes in forming the past tense. While noticing of CF was assessed through immediate recall and questionnaire responses, learning outcomes were measured through picture description administered via pre-test, post-test, and delayed post-test design. Learner beliefs about CF were probed by means of a 40-item questionnaire. The results indicated that the noticeability of CF is dependent on the grammatical target it addresses and that the feedback techniques that push learners to self-correct alone or in combination with target exemplars are more effective in. In relation to the learning outcomes, the overall past tense accuracy increased more than that for questions, but there were no significant differences between the groups. Finally, in relation to the beliefs about CF, the participants’ responses centered on the importance of oral CF, recasts as CF technique, prompts as CF technique, and affective consequences of CF, two of which mediated the noticeability of the supplied CF, but none impacted the learning outcomes.
Users’ Quality Expectations in Conference Interpreting
Authors: Amini Mansour , Ibrahim-González Noraini , Ayob Leelany , Amini Davoud
Published: July 2016

This paper is part of an unpublished doctoral thesis on “Conference Interpreting in Malaysia”. Expectations of users were explored by an on-site questionnaire-based survey study in Malaysian conference interpreting setting. The relative importance of various linguistic and non-linguistic criteria for quality was obtained through quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. A reliable sample of 256 interpreting “users” (Cronbach alpha coefficient=0.81) were collected from five international conferences in Malaysia. Analysis of the results revealed that users attached high value to the linguistic criteria of sense-consistency with original message (94.1%), logical cohesion (91.1%), fluency of delivery (91%), correct terminology (89.8%), correct grammar (82.8%), completeness of interpretation (80.2%), synchronicity (73%), and style (70.5%) rating the criteria very important or important. The parameters of pleasant voice (60.9%), lively intonation (60.4%), and native accent (57.3%) were considered desirable, but not essential as they received the least importance by the users. Findings from the open-ended questions showed that users consider “wide range of topics” and “broadening one’s horizons” as the most interesting aspects of conference interpreting. Users indicated that they were willing to listen to the interpretation even if they understood it. These suggest that interpreters are seen as a professional source of knowledge from users’ perspectives. While stressing on the linguistic aspects and the importance of output-related quality criteria, the researcher calls for taking further notice of situational particularities and background variables, pragmatic communication issues, and contextual features with a more extensive view of the profession, in addition to the methodological issues that have always been argued in interpreting quality research.
Clients’ Quality Expectations in Malaysian Conference Interpreting
Authors: Amini Mansour , Alavi Saber , Amini Davoud
Published: July 2016

As part of an unpublished doctoral thesis on “Conference Interpreting in Malaysia”, this paper reports clients’ expectations and highlights the necessity of taking what they anticipate as ideal into consideration. The study tailored on-site and off-site questionnaire-based survey study in Malaysian conference interpreting setting. The relative importance of various quality criteria attached by 42 clients as well as their responses to open-ended questions, adopted from the established questionnaires, revealed the interpreting clients’ perspectives and expectations from interpreting quality. The analysis of data by scale analysis and codification of the open-ended responses into matrices showed that different clients might have different expectations. Clients rated terminology as the most important quality criterion and native accent as the least important. The most interesting aspect of interpreting profession was international contacts, while they rated speed and time constraints as the most difficult aspect of conference interpreting. Interpreters’ lack of faithfulness to the original was indicated as the principal shortcoming, whereas incorrect terminology and unfinished sentences were the most irritating aspects of conference interpreting in clients’ point of view.Their suggestions to improve quality were mostly interpreter-related such as training interpreters and updating their knowledge, as well as organisationalrelated aspects like cooperation of the clients, interpreters, conference organisers, and users.
Review on the Clash of Zionism and Palestinian Nationalism
Authors: Boris Michael
Published: July 2016

Both Palestinian patriotism and Zionism, as ideas, epitomize the same standard; to be specific both are patriot developments taking into account the prerequisite of a country for their own particular individuals. The basic issue, nonetheless, is by all accounts that both have been guaranteeing the same real estate parcel for their countries, and consequently the wellspring of inconvenience is more down to earth than ideological. As opposed to the suspicion covered up in this current article's given title, political belief systems don't perceive nor accommodate with each other, nor do they figure out who perceives whom and who accommodate with whom. It is just people, and once in a while likewise assemblages, who—figuratively—start or experience such adjustments of relationship.
Surveying Ethnical Policies in Iran and Malaysia
Authors: Wendt Hamed
Published: July 2016

On the bases of culture and ethnic nowadays the world is a plural world, in way that it’s reasonable to say nowhere could be exempted fro this classification. Researches conducted in this field have classified all countries whether developed or developing into lingual, religion, racial and cultural classes.As result of religious, cultural and ethnical overlapping between the countries and cases of unsatisfied needs and request by such group, local, national and even disputes between theses group and their governments is a common case through the ages.this study was conducted while having a historical look on the issue of ethnics in two countries including Iran and Malaysia and also surveying current situation and place of this challenge in the two countries, and also determining courses of ethnical and tradition reconstruction.
THE MARKET PROSPECTS OF COLONIAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Schaefer Larissa , Junior Silvio Santos
Published: July 2016

With the competitiveness increasing in the Brazilian agribusinesses, studies related to the survival of small farms encourage the strategy of agro-industrialization, but warn about the possibility of adulteration of the primary attributes: the traditional way of making the products. In this context, the aim of this study is to identify the importance given by the consumer to “colonial appeal” and the reasons that influence the choice for this type of product. This is a research survey, conducted with 300 families in the city of Chapecó, SC. The results show that the colonial product has a distinctive call, and that the perceptions of importance vary according to the age, confirming the findings of previous studies.

Keywords: Agricultural markets. Colonial product. Consumption.
ATORES BUROCRÁTICOS E SUA ATUAÇÃO POLÍTICA NO INTERIOR DA GESTÃO GOVERNAMENTAL
Authors: Grin Eduardo José
Published: July 2016

No artigo se aborda a relação entre a burocracia e a política interorganizacional, especialmente sob a ótica da coordenação intragovernamental. O objetivo geral foi analisar criticamente autores das áreas de Administração Pública, Sociologia das Organizações e Ciência Política à luz do problema como proposto e da pergunta da pesquisa como formulada. Em termos específicos, buscou-se discutir o tema sob dois enfoques complementares: a dinâmica interorganizacional do poder público enfatizando os desafios para se obter integração intragovernamental em face dos obstáculos institucionais e políticos que existem, e o papel e ação das burocracias públicas como atores políticos e os efeitos gerados nos domínios de políticas públicas e na gestão interna do aparato estatal. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise qualitativa de conteúdo, sendo as bibliografias de Administração Pública, Sociologia das Organizações e Ciência Política consideradas o corpus empírico. Conclui-se que os atores burocráticos são peças vitais para se compreender a dinâmica intragovernamental e as políticas que resultam desse processo como um jogo de poder. Se as instituições não podem ser consideradas meros reflexos do ambiente externo, pois também influenciam a vida social, os conflitos interburocráticos podem ser uma variável relevante na análise dessa questão.

Palavras-chave: Atores burocráticos. Política interorganizacional. Coordenação intragovernamental.      
Międzynarodowa pozycja inwestycyjna nowych krajów Unii Europejskiej doświadczenia integracji i kryzysu
Authors: Kłysik-Uryszek Agnieszka
Published: July 2016

Zagraniczne finansowanie gospodarki jest jednym z istotnych problemów poruszanych w debatach społecznych i ekonomicznych. Z jednej strony kraje transformacji systemowej, ze względu na niedobory akumulacji krajowej, zmuszone były finansować swój rozwój po części kapitałem zagranicznym; z drugiej – nadmierne zaangażowanie kapitału zagranicznego może zwiększać ryzyko gospodarcze oraz podatność kraju na kryzysy finansowe. Szczególnie ostatnie lata pokazały wrażliwość gospodarek Unii Europejskiej na szoki finansowe i uwypukliły potrzebę monitorowania skali ich nierównowagi zewnętrznej, w tym finansowej.Celem artykułu jest określenie poziomu bezpieczeństwa finansowania gospodarek nowych krajów UE kapitałem ze źródeł zagranicznych. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o wielkość i strukturę międzynarodowej pozycji inwestycyjnej oraz wskaźniki zadłużenia zagranicznego netto i brutto. Dla zachowania porównywalności danych badanie wykonano na podstawie danych pochodzących z bazy Eurostat. Zakres czasowy analizy (tj. lata 2004–2013) pozwolił zbadać zmiany, jakie zaszły w trakcie pierwszej dekady członkostwa w Unii, szczególnie te wywołane kryzysem finansowym.