bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A mídia, as tecnologias e a educação física no Brasil: uma descrição genealógica
Authors: Mezzaroba Cristiano
Published: March 2020

O texto se trata de uma análise documental cujas fontes são oriundas de uma parcela da produção acadêmico-científica de agentes do campo da Educação Física (EF) brasileira que se dedica a pensar, sistematizar, pedagogizar e investigar aspectos relacionados às mídias e tecnologias na EF, aqui tratado como o subcampo das mídias e tecnologias na EF. Configurando-se como uma sociologia histórica, realizou-se uma análise genealógica das fontes produzidas e publicadas durante o período de 1997 a 2017 (vinte anos), em que é possível observar um intenso e importante movimento de constituição e consolidação do que pode ser chamado de “mídia-educação na EF” (tanto na formação de professores, como também em investigações e publicações acadêmicas).
Characteristics and context of high-energy, tidally modulated, barred shoreface deposits: Kimmeridgian–Tithonian sandstones, Weald Basin, southern U.K. and northern France
Authors: Angus Lynsey , Hampson Gary J. , Palci Francesco , Fraser Alastair J.
Published: March 2020

The influence of tides on the sedimentology of wave-dominated shorefaces has been emphasized in recent studies of modern shorelines and related facies models, but few ancient examples have been reported to date. Herein, we use a case study from the stratigraphic record to develop a revised facies model and predictive spatio-temporal framework for high-energy, tidally modulated, wave-dominated, barred shorefaces.

Kimmeridgian–Tithonian shallow-marine sandstones in the Weald Basin (southern England and northern France) occur as a series of laterally extensive tongues that are 5–24 m thick. Each tongue coarsens upward in its lower part and fines upward in its upper part. The lower part of each upward-coarsening succession consists of variably stacked, hummocky cross-stratified, very fine- to fine-grained sandstone beds and mudstone interbeds that are moderately to intensely bioturbated by a mixed Skolithos and Cruziana Ichnofacies. This lower part of the succession is interpreted to record deposition on the subtidal lower shoreface, between effective storm wave base and fairweather wave base. The upper part of each upward-coarsening succession comprises cross-bedded, medium- to coarse-grained sandstones that are pervasively intercalated with mudstone-draped, wave-rippled surfaces (including interference ripples) which mantle the erosional bases of trough cross-sets. Bioturbation is patchy, and constitutes a low-diversity Skolithos Ichnofacies. Cross-bedded sandstones are arranged into cosets superimposed on steeply dipping (up to 10°) clinoforms that dip offshore and alongshore, and extend through the succession. These deposits are interpreted to record shallow subtidal and intertidal bars on the upper shoreface, which likely contained laterally migrating rip channels or formed part of a spit. The lower, upward-coarsening part of each sandstone tongue represents an upward-shallowing, regressive shoreface succession in which the internal bedding of upper-shoreface sandstones was modulated by tidal changes in water depth. The upper, upward-fining part of each sandstone tongue typically comprises an erosionally based bioclastic lag overlain by subtidal lower-shoreface deposits, and constitutes an upward-deepening succession developed during transgression.

Regressive–transgressive sandstone tongues fringe the northeastern margin of the basin, which was exposed to an energetic wave climate driven by westerly and southwesterly winds with a fetch of 200–600 km. The high tidal range interpreted from the shoreface sandstone tongues is attributed to resonant amplification in a broad (150–200 km), shallow (18–33 m) embayment as the tidal wave propagated from the Tethys Ocean into the adjacent intracratonic Laurasian Seaway, of which the Weald Basin was a part.
Divulgar la geografía a partir de un trabajo colaborativo en la semana de la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación. El stand “del dato al gráfico climático”
Authors: Ormaetxea Arenaza Orbange , Maiz Trojaola Alexander , Cuesta López Rubén , Otxoa Foronda David
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta de divulgación científica realizada a través de un stand durante un lustro y en el marco de la Semana de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU. Una experiencia que ha tenido como fin mostrar a una sociedad diversa una parte de la ciencia geográfica y los fundamentos tecnológicos y paramétricos de los que necesita. Para ello se han diseñado diferentes actividades de carácter complementario cuyo desarrollo metodológico y resultados se exponen a continuación.
The Utility of Multi-Stack Alignment and 3D Longitudinal Image Registration to Assess Bone Remodeling in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients from Second Generation HR-pQCT Scans
Authors: Brunet Scott C , Kuczynski Michael T , Bhatla Jennifer L , Lemay Sophie , Pauchard Yves , Salat Peter , Barnabe Cheryl , Manske Sarah Lynn
Published: March 2020

Background: Medical imaging plays an important role in determining the progression of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is a sensitive tool capable of evaluating bone microarchitecture and erosions, and 3D rigid image registration can be used to visualize and quantify bone remodeling over time. However, patient motion during image acquisition can cause a “stack shift” artifact resulting in loss of information and reducing the number of erosions that can be analyzed using HR-pQCT. The purpose of this study was to use image registration to improve the number of useable HR-pQCT scans and to apply image-based bone remodeling assessment to the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of RA patients. Methods: Ten participants with RA completed HR-pQCT scans of the 2 nd and 3 rd MCP joints at enrolment to the study and at a 6-month follow-up interval. At 6-months, an additional repeat scan was acquired to evaluate reliability. HR-pQCT images were acquired in three individual 1 cm acquisitions (stacks) with a 25% overlap. We completed analysis first using standard evaluation methods, and second with multi-stack registration. We assessed whether additional erosions could be evaluated after multi-stack registration. Bone remodeling analysis was completed using registration and transformation of baseline and follow-up images. We calculated the bone formation and resorption volume fractions with 6-month follow-up, and same-day repositioning as a negative control. Results: 13/57 (23%) of erosions could not be analyzed from raw images due to a stack shift artifact. All erosions could be volumetrically assessed after multi-stack registration. We observed that there was a median bone formation fraction of 2.1% and resorption fraction of 3.8% in RA patients over the course of 6 months. In contrast to the same-day rescan negative control, we observed median bone formation and resorption fractions of 0%. Conclusions: Multi-stack image registration is a useful tool to improve the number of useable scans when analyzing erosions using HR-pQCT. Further, image registration can be used to longitudinally assess bone remodeling. These methods could be implemented in future studies to provide important pathophysiological information on the progression of bone damage.
Prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Getaneh Temesgen , Negesse Ayenew , Dessie Getenet
Published: March 2020

Background Surgical site infection (SSI) affects up to one third of patients who have undergone a surgical procedure. It is a significant cause of surgical patient morbidity, mortality and human and financial costs threat. The national prevalence of SSI among mothers who undergo for cesarean section and its risk factors are not well investigated in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic and meta-analysis conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection and its associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia.Methods Original articles were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, HINARI portal (which includes the SCOPUS, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online databases), and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a standard data extraction checklist that developed according to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The I2 statistic was used to quantify heterogeneity across studies. Funnel plot asymmetry and Egger’s tests were used to check for publication bias. A fixed effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infection. Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was also used to determine the association of identified variables with surgical site infection. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA software.Result From initial 179 identified articles, 11 were eligible for inclusion in the final meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was 9.72% (95%CI: 8.38, 11.05). PROM >12hrs (OR=5.02, 95%CI: 2.65, 9.51), duration of labor>24hrs (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.41, 5.65), chorioamnionitis (OR=9.11, 95%CI: 5.21, 15.93), anemia (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 2.42, 9.33) and having vertical skin incision (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.90, 6.02) were factors significantly associated with surgical site infection after cesarean section.Conclusion The prevalence of surgical site infection after cesarean section in Ethiopia was high. Therefore, Minister of Health with its stake holders should emphasis on community and institution based programs in manner to prevent those factors listed above that have significant effect on surgical site infection.
Persistent domestic circulation of African swine fever virus in Tanzania, 2015-2017
Authors: Yona Clara M. , Vanhee Merijn , Simulundu Edgar , Makange Mariam , Nauwynck Hans , Misinzo Gerald
Published: March 2020

Background African swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal viral hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs that threatens livelihoods and food security. In Africa, ASF virus (ASFV) circulates in sylvatic (transmission between warthogs and soft argasid ticks) and domestic (transmission between domestic pigs) cycles, with outbreaks resulting from ASFV spill-over from sylvatic cycle. A number of outbreaks were reported in different parts of Tanzania between 2015 and 2017. The present study investigated ASFV transmission patterns through virus genotyping and phylogenetic analysis. Results ASFV was confirmed to cause outbreaks in sampled domestic pigs. ASFV genotypes II, IX, and X were detected from reported outbreaks in 2015-2017. The current ASFV isolates were similar to those recently documented in the previous studies in Tanzania. The similarities of these isolates suggests for continuous circulation of ASFV with virus maintenance within the domestic pigs. Methods A total of 3120 tissue samples were collected from 2396 domestic pigs during outbreaks at different locations in Tanzania between 2015 and 2017. Partial sequencing of the B646L (p72) gene was conducted for diagnostic confirmation and molecular characterization of ASFV. Phylogenetic analysis to study the relatedness of current ASFV with those that caused previous outbreaks in Tanzania and representatives of all known 24 ASFV was performed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood model with 1000 bootstrap replications in MEGA 6.0. Conclusions Genetic analysis confirmed the circulation of ASFV genotypes II, IX, and X by partial B646L (p72) gene sequencing. The similarities of current isolates to previously isolated Tanzanian isolates and pattern of disease spread suggest for continuous circulation of ASF with virus’ maintenance in the domestic pigs. Although certain viral genotypes seem to be geographically restricted into certain zones within Tanzania, genotype II seems to expand its geographical range northwards with the likelihood of spreading to other states of the East African Community. The spread of ASFV is due to breach of quarantine and transportation of affected pigs via major highways. Appropriate control measures including zoosanitary measures and quarantine measures adherence are recommended to prevent ASF domestic circulation in Tanzania.
Temporal cross-correlations between air pollutants and outpatient visits for respiratory and circulatory system diseases in Fuzhou, China
Authors: Jiang Yu , Chen Jiedong , Wu Chuancheng , Lin Xin , Zhou Quan , Ji Shumi , Yang Shuangfeng , Zhang Xiaoyang , Liu baoying
Published: March 2020

Background: Previous studies have suggested that there is an association between air pollutants and circulatory and respiratory diseases, but relatively few have analyzed the association between air pollutants and outpatient visits considering mortality, hospitalization rates, etc., especially areas with relatively good air quality. Therefore, we conducted this study to research the association between air pollutants and outpatient visits in Fuzhou, China. Methods: We used a generalized linear Poisson model to study the association between air pollution and outpatient visits for respiratory and circulatory diseases during 2016-2018 in Fuzhou, China. Results: In the single pollutant model, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) had a significant effect. For lag day 0 to lag day 5, the effect decreased with every 10 µg/L increase in NO2. Daily maximum 8-h mean ozone (8-h O3) and upper respiratory outpatient visits were positively associated during the cold period [lag2, excess risk (ER) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.68% (0.44%-2.94%)], while 8-h O3 and respiratory disease were positively associated during the warm period [lag5, ER (95% CI): 1.10% (0.11%-2.10%) and lag4, ER (95% CI): 1.02% (0.032%-2.02%)]. Similarly, particulate matter (PM) with an average aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) and lower respiratory diseases were positively associated during the warm period [lag0, ER (95% CI): 1.68% (0.44%-2.94%)]. When the concentration of 8-h O3 was higher than 100 μg/L, there was a positive effect on circulatory [lag5, ER (95% CI): 2.83% (0.65%-5.06%)], respiratory [lag5, ER (95% CI): 2.47% (0.85%-4.11%)] and upper respiratory [lag5, ER (95% CI): 3.06% (1.38%-4.77%)] outpatient visits. The variation in 8-h O3 changed slightly when we adjusted for the other air pollutants, and after adjusting for 8-h O3, the ERs of the other air pollutants changed slightly. After adjusting for PM with an average aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), the ERs of the other air pollutants increased, and after adjusting for NO2, the ER of PM decreased. Conclusion: Exposure to ambient NO2, O3, PM2.5 and PM10 was associated with an increase in respiratory and circulatory system-related outpatient visits in Fuzhou, China.
Manganese Stress in Flue-cured Tobacco: Biochemical Responses
Authors: zou congming , Li Yan , Deng Xiaopeng , Huang Wei , Pu Guorui , Zhang Xiaohai , Ren Ke , Chen Yi , Jin Yan , Chen Yanjie , Li Junying , Lin Zhonglong
Published: March 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square.
Be Quiet and Man Up: A Qualitative Questionnaire Study into Fathers Who Witnessed Their Partner’s Birth Trauma
Authors: Daniels Emily , Arden-Close Emily , Mayers Andrew
Published: March 2020

Background:
Research focusing on paternal mental health is limited, especially regarding the impact of the experience of poor mental health in the perinatal period. For example, little is known about the experiences of fathers who witness their partner’s traumatic birth and the subsequent impact on their mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore fathers’ experiences of witnessing a traumatic birth, how these experiences impacted their wellbeing, and what support they received during and following the traumatic birth.
Methods:
Sixty-one fathers were recruited via targeted social media to complete an anonymous online qualitative questionnaire regarding their birth trauma experience. Eligible participants were fathers aged eighteen or over, resided in the UK and had witnessed their partner’s traumatic birth (that did not result in loss of life). Thematic analysis was used to analyse the questionnaire data.
Results:
Three main themes were identified: ‘fathers’ understanding of the experience’ (subthemes: nothing can prepare you for it; merely a passenger; mixed experiences with staff; not about me); ‘life after birth trauma’ (subthemes: manhood after birth; inability to be happy; impact on relationships); and ‘the support fathers received vs what they wanted’ (subthemes: prenatal support; birth support; and postnatal support).
Conclusions:
Fathers reported that witnessing their partner’s traumatic birth had a significant impact on them. They felt this affected their mental health and relationships long into the postnatal period. However, there is no nationally recognised support in place for fathers to use as a result of their experiences. The participants attributed this to being perceived as less important than women in the postnatal period, and maternity services’ perceptions of the father more generally. Implications include ensuring support is available for both the mother and father following a traumatic birth, with additional staff training geared towards the father’s role.
Identification and Analysis of the FAD Gene Family in Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) Based on Transcriptome Data
Authors: Liu Kai , Zhao Shugang , Wang Shuang , Wang Hongxia , Zhang Zhihua
Published: March 2020

Background: Walnut kernels contain a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which are essential fatty acids for humans and have important effects on growth and health. The main function of fatty acid desaturase (FAD), which is widely distributed in organisms, is to remove hydrogen from carbon chains in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids to generate C=C bonds. Results: By performing a series of bioinformatics analysis, 24 members of the JrFAD gene family were identified from the genome database of walnut, and then compared with the homologous genes from Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that JrFADs were classified into four subfamilies: the SAD desaturase subfamily, Δ7/Δ9 desaturase subfamily, Δ12/ω-3 desaturase subfamily and "front-end" desaturase subfamily. Meanwhile, the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes in walnut kernels at different developmental stages was analysed by transcriptome sequencing, with expression of JrFAD3-1, which encodes an enzyme involved in linolenic acid synthesis, being particularly prominent. The relative expression level of JrFAD3-1 changed dramatically with the kernel development stages and exhibited a Bell-Shaped Curve. A significant positive correlation was observed between the expression of JrFAD3-1 during 70-100 DAF (Days after flowering) and the content of alpha-linolenic acid during 100-130 DAF, with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. Additionally, JrFAD3-1 was proved closely related to homologous genes in Betula pendula and Corylus heterophylla, indicating that the conserved structure of FADs is consistent with classical plant taxonomy. Conclusion: Twenty-four members JrFADs in walnut were identified and classified into four subfamilies. JrFAD3-1 may play significant roles in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in walnut.
Higher fatty liver index is associated with increased risk of new onset heart failure in healthy adults: A nationwide population-based study in Korea
Authors: Roh Jae-Hyung , Park Jae-Hyeong , Lee Hanbyul , Yoon Yong-Hoon , Kim Minsu , Kim Yong-Giun , Park Gyung-Min , Lee Jae-Hwan , Seong In-Whan
Published: March 2020

Background Heart failure (HF) is relatively common cardiovascular disease with high mortality and morbidity. Although it is associated with many cardiovascular risk factors, the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease, and HF has not been evaluated in a large-scale cohort study. Thus, we evaluated the ability of the fatty liver Index (FLI), a surrogate marker of NAFLD, to predict the development of HF in healthy individuals. Methods We analyzed the association between the FLI and new-onset HF with multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models in 308,578 healthy persons without comorbidities who underwent the National Health check-ups in the republic of Korea from 2009 to 2014. Results A total of 2,532 subjects (0.8%) were newly diagnosed with HF during the study period (a median of 5.4 years). We categorized our subjects into quartile groups according to FLI (Q1, 0-4.9; Q2, 5.0-12.5; Q3, 12.6-31.0; and Q4, >31.0). The cumulative incidence of HF was significantly higher in the highest FLI group than in the lowest FLI group (Q1, 307 [0.4%] and Q4, 890 [1.2%]; P<0.001). Adjusted hazard ratio (HRs) indicated that the highest FLI group was independently associated with an increased risk for HF (HR between Q4 and Q1, 2.709; 95% confidence interval=2.380-3.085; P<0.001). FLI was significantly associated with an increased risk of new-onset HF regardless of their baseline characteristics.Conclusions Higher FLI was independently associated with increased risk of HF in a healthy Korean population.
Combined extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and endoscopic treatment for pain in chronic pancreatitis (SCHOKE Trial): study protocol for a randomized sham-controlled trial
Authors: Olesen Søren Schou , Drewes Asbjørn M. , Maragoni Rajesh Goud , Tandan Manu , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Ramchandani Mohan , Rao G V , Reddy D Nageshwar , Talukdar Rupjyoti
Published: March 2020

Background: Pain is the primary symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and remains a considerable therapeutic challenge. In patients with obstruction of the pancreatic duct, including stones and strictures, endoscopic treatment with or without preceding extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) have been used for pancreatic duct decompression. The rationale for these procedures is based on the assumption that obstruction of the pancreatic duct leads to ductal hypertension and pain. However, clinical pain symptoms correlate poorly with pancreatic duct morphology and the evidence for pancreatic duct decompression as an effective treatment for pain is based on case-series and comparison between different procedures, while no randomised prospective sham-controlled trials are currently available. The SCHOKE trial is a randomized sham-controlled trial designed to determine if pancreatic duct decompression is an effective treatment for pain in patients with CP.
Methods: The SCHOKE trial is a randomized, single-blinded, parallel-group, sham-controlled trial designed to evaluate the effect of combined ESWL and endoscopic treatment for pain in patients with CP. In total, 106 adult patients with painful CP and pancreatic duct obstruction will be randomized to combined ESWL and subsequent endoscopic treatment or corresponding sham procedures. The primary outcome is pain relief during the 3 months post-randomization period as documented in a pain diary. Secondary outcomes include quality of life and functional scores, patient’s global impression of change, change in use of analgesics, frequency of hospitalization and complications. Standard follow-up is at 3 and 6 months after randomization. In an experimental sub-study, quantitative sensory testing obtained before and after intervention will be used to obtain information on central pain processing and to develop models for prediction of treatment outcome.
Discussion: The SCHOKE trial investigates if pancreatic duct decompression, obtained by combined ESWL and endoscopic treatment, is effective for pain treatment in patients with CP.
Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of combined pirfenidone and N-acetylcysteine therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Hanyu , Yin Dawei , Bonella Francesco , Kreuter Michael , Oltmanns Ute , Li Xuren , Peng Shouchun , Wei Luqing
Published: March 2020

Background: While antifibrotic drugs significantly decrease lung function decline in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), there is still an unmet need to halt disease progression. Antioxidative therapy with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is considered a potential additional therapy that can be combined with antifibrotics in some patients in clinical practice. However, data on the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of this combination are scarce. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to appraise the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the combination compared to treatment with pirfenidone alone.
Methods: We systematically reviewed all the published studies with combined pirfenidone (PFD) and NAC (PFD+NAC) treatment in IPF patients. The primary outcomes referred to decline in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the rates of IPF patients with side effects.
Results: In the meta-analysis, 6 studies with 319 total IPF patients were included. The PFD+NAC group was comparable to the PFD alone group in terms of the predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%) and predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco%) from treatment start to week 24. Side effects and treatment discontinuation rates were also comparable in both groups.
Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that combination with NAC does not alter the efficacy, safety, or tolerability of PFD in comparison to PFD alone in IPF patients.
Association Analysis between SNPs in LATS1 and LATS2 and Non-Cardia Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ma Licong , Tian Xuyang , Gao Fang , Dong Wenjie , Dang Tong , Jia Yanbin
Published: March 2020

Background: Many studies have found that large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1) and LATS2 play important roles in many diseases, but studies have been rare on the relationship between these genes and non-cardia gastric cancer (GC). We performed a case-control association study to investigate the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LATS1 and LATS2 genes and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection as well as the risk of non-cardia GC. Methods: First, H. pylori infection was determined by the serological test using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Then genotyping of SNPs was performed for 808 samples by the Taqman method. Finally, unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age and gender, for the association of each SNP with the infection of H. pylori, the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer, as well as the expression of LATS1 and LATS2 proteins in non-cardia GC tissues, using the codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and additive inheritance models, respectively. Results: The statistical results showed that LATS2 rs9552315 was associated with H. pylori infection, and the CC+CT genotype could reduce the risk of H. pylori infection (odds ratio [OR]: 0.549, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.339–0.881, P<0.05) compared with the TT genotype in a dominant model. LATS1 rs9393175 was associated with the risk of non-cardia GC, and the AG genotype reduced the risk of non-cardia GC (OR: 0.702, 95% CI: 0.516–0.952, P<0.05) compared with the GG+AA genotype in an overdominant model. LATS2 rs9509492 was associated with the risk of GC in an additive model. No associations were found between five SNPs and expression of LATS1 and LATS2 proteins in non-cardia GC tissue. Conclusions: LATS2 rs9552315 CT genotype may be a protective factor against infection of H. pylori. LATS1 rs9393175 AG genotype and LATS2 rs9509492 GG genotype may be protective factors for non-cardia GC.
Epidemiology and clinico-pathological characteristics of current goat pox outbreak in North Vietnam
Authors: Hong Trang Pham , Lila Mohd Azmi Mohd , Rahaman Nor Yasmin Abd. , Lan Huong Lai Thi , Thi Lan Nguyen , Van Khien Do , Noordin Mohamed Mustapha
Published: March 2020

Background: In view of the current swine fever outbreak and the government aspiration to increase the goat population, a need arises to control and prevent outbreaks of goat pox. Despite North Vietnam facing sporadic cases of goat pox, this most recent outbreak had the highest recorded morbidity, mortality and case fatality rate. Thus, owing to the likelihood of a widespread recurrence of goat pox infection, an analysis of that outbreak was done based on selected signalment, management and disease pattern (signs and pathology) parameters. This includes examination of animals, inspection of facilities, tissue sampling and analysis for confirmation of goatpox along with questionaires.

Results: It was found that the susceptible age group were between 3-6 months old kids while higher infection rate occurred in those under the free-range rearing system. The clinical signs of pyrexia, anorexia, nasal discharges and lesions of pocks were not restricted to the skin but have extended into the lung and intestine. The pathogen had been confirmed in positive cases via PCR as goat pox with prevalence of 79.69%.

Conclusions: The epidemiology of the current goat pox outbreak in North Vietnam denotes a significant prevalence which may affect the industry. This signals the importance of identifying the salient clinical signs and post mortem lesions of goat pox at the field level in order to achieve an effective control of the disease.
Higher levels of dynamin-related protein 1 are associated with reduced radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma cells
Authors: Shen Chiung-Chyi , Cheng Wen-Yu , Chow Kuan-Chih , Chiao Ming-Tsang , Yang Yi-Chi
Published: March 2020

Background : Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is a GTPase involved in mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial protein import, and drug sensitivity, suggesting an association with cancer progression. This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic significance of DRP1 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Methods : DRP1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Correlations between DRP1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were determined by statistical analysis. Differences in survival were compared using the log-rank test. Results : DRP1 expression was detected in 87.2% (41/47) of the investigated patients with GBM. The patients with higher DRP1 levels had worse survival ( p = 0.0398). In vitro , the silencing of DRP1 reduced cell proliferation, invasive potential, and radiation resistance. The addition of shikonin inhibited DRP1 expression and increased drug uptake. Moreover, shikonin reduced the nuclear entry of DNA repair-associated enzymes and increased radiation sensitivity, suggesting that reducing DRP1 expression could inhibit DNA repair and increase the radiation sensitivity of GBM cells. Conclusions : Our results indicate that DRP1 overexpression is a prospective radio-resistant phenotype in GBM. Therefore, DRP1 could be a potential target for improving the effectiveness of radiation therapy.
Identification of favorable SNP alleles related to fruit traits in diverse apple germplasm
Authors: Han A Reum , Kim Seon-Ae , Kim Gi Hoon , Choi Cheol
Published: March 2020

Background: The Apple ( Malus × domestica Borkh.) is a valuable fruit crop worldwide, and receives considerable attention as one of the model plants of the Rosaceae family. The primary purpose of apple breeding programs is to generate novel apple cultivars with fruit quality traits that have high commercial value. To advance fruit-tree breeding systems, it is necessary to investigate the association between genomes and targeted traits. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are promising to analyze the associations between the genome and traits in fruit tree crops. Results: In this study, we evaluated 10 major fruit quality traits including titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), and skin color from 301 apple germplasms for four years (2015-2018). GWAS analysis was performed using SNP data generated via genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and identified SNPs significantly related to the fruit quality traits. For TA, significant association loci were detected on chromosome 16 and genes in the candidate regions related to malate transporter. The GWAS loci of SSC was found on chromosome 15, where genes related to sucrose synthase and transporter are located. Significant SNPs associated with fruit skin color were identified on genetic region near the MYB1 gene on chromosome 9, which regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis. SNPs identified by the GWAS and Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis were further confirmed with high resolution melting (HRM) analysis to discover specific polymorphisms in the melting curve. Conclusion: Overall, these results could identify several candidate genes and SNP markers associated with the fruit quality traits, thus validation of these SNPs enabled marker-assisted selection (MAS). The candidate SNPs and genes observed in this study will contribute to a better understanding of genetic basis for the important fruit quality traits and provide tools for generation of novel cultivars with the quality traits for advancement of apple industry.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. saccharinus) after cold storage
Authors: Song Wen , Tang Fengxian , Cai Wenchao , Zhang Qin , Zhou Fake , Ning Ming , Tian Huan , Shan Chunhui
Published: March 2020

Background: During the low temperature storage, cantaloupe is susceptible to the cold stress, resulting in the loss of edible and commercial quality. To ascertain the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe, cold-sensitive cultivar Goldqueen-308 (GE) and cold-tolerant cultivar Jiashi-310 (JS) were used for quantitative proteomic analysis with iTRAQ in parallel. Results: In this work, two commercial cultivars were treated at 0.5℃ for 0, 12 and 24 days. Phenotypes assays showed that GE suffered a more severe damage as the cold treatment time extended. Proteomic analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) changed significantly over time in cold-exposed cantaloupe. Comparing with GE, JS responded in a prompter manner in terms of expressing cold-responding proteins during the similarly cold treatment. Furthermore, much more different groups of proteins were mobilized in response to the cold treatment in JS comparing with GE. Metabolic analysis indicated that more amino acids were up-regulated in JS during the early phases of cold stress. This study also identified some DEPs since they were up-regulated in JS or down-regulated in GE in terms of molecular mechanisms, which were mainly related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, structure proteins, ROS scavening, amino acid metabolic and signaling transduction. Moreover, iTRAQ analysis was confirmed to be reliable via the results of phenotypes assays, metabolic analysis and q-PCR validation. Conclusion: By proteomics information,we found that the prompt response and the significant mobilization of proteins in JS maintained a higher level of cold tolerance, and the delay of cold response in GE could be a critical reason for the severe chilling injury. The candidate proteins we found will be the basis of future studies for further investigations and our findings may help to better understand the novel mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe.
Decreased Angiogenic And Increased Apoptotic Activities Of Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Patients With Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis Of The Femoral Head
Authors: Yu Huachen , Liu Pei , Zuo Wei , Sun Xiaowei , Liu Hongzhi , Lu Feifan , Guo Wanshou , Zhang Qidong
Published: March 2020

Background: Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is closely associated with the dysfunction of the bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). The present study investigated the angiogenic and apoptotic activity of the BMECs in glucocorticoid-induced ONFH.
Methods: This study enrolled a total of 12 patients, six of whom were assigned to the ONFH group whereas the other six served as the control group. The ONFH group was composed of patients with glucocorticoid-induced ONFH while the control group had femoral neck fractures. BMECs were isolated from the subchondral region of the femoral head. Cell proliferation, cell viability, tube formation assay, Transwell assay, TUNEL assay, and Western blot analysis were performed.
Results: BMECs of the two groups were successfully isolated and identified. No significant differences were noticed in BMECs proliferation between the two groups. However, compared to the control, cell viability, tube formation, and migration of BMECs were significantly decreased and the number of TUNEL positive cells was markedly increased in the ONFH group. In the ONFH group, it was also noted that the amount of Bax and cleaved-caspase3 was elevated while that of Bcl-2 was reduced.
Conclusion: The findings of our study revealed that BMECs obtained from the glucocorticoid-induced ONFH patients had decreased angiogenic and increased apoptotic activities, which could explain the pathogenesis and progression of glucocorticoid-induced ONFH.
Long-term outcomes of uncemented or cemented arthroplasty revision following metal-on-metal total hip replacement
Authors: Chen Wenli , Shuai Mao , Lin Jinluan , Chen Baomin , Zhao Mingdong , Zhang Xinchao , Yu Weiguang , Han Guowei
Published: March 2020

Background

Which device(uncemented or cemented total hip replacement[UTR or CTR]) is more conducive to the revision of metal-on-metal total hip replacement(MoM-TR) is inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term outcomes of individuals who had undertaken UTR versus CTR following initial MoM-TR.

Methods

Two hundred and thirty-four individuals(234 hips) had received UTR or CTR following initial MoM-TR during 2007-2018 were reviewed . Outcomes reported in this analysis involving Harris Hip Scores(HHS) as well as the major orthopaedic complications(MOC) were gathered 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and then every one year after revision.

Results

From the 12th month after revision to final follow-up, CTR yielded superior HHS than UTR. The MOC rates were 47.4% and 16.1% in the UTR and CTR groups, respectively. Between-group noteworthy divergences were noted regarding the rates of re-revision, prosthesis loosening, and periprosthetic fracture(10.3% for UTR vs 2.5% for CTR, p =0.015; 16.3% for UTR vs 5.9% for CTR, p = 0.011; and 12.0% for UTR vs 4.2% for CTR, p =0.045, respectively).

Conclusion

The superiority of CTR over UTR in terms of improving HHS and decreasing the MOC rate.
Using Pulse Oximetry Waveforms to Detect Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: Sorensen Matthew , Sadiq Ismail , Clifford Gari D. , Maher Kevin O. , Oster Matthew E.
Published: March 2020

Background

Coarctation of the aorta is a common form of critical congenital heart disease that remains challenging to diagnose prior to clinical deterioration. Despite current screening methods infants with coarctation may present with life threatening cardiogenic shock requiring urgent hospitalization and intervention. We sought to improve critical congenital heart disease screening by using a novel pulse oximetry waveform analysis, specifically focused on detection of coarctation of the aorta.

Methods and Results

Over a 2-year period, we obtained pulse oximetry waveform data on 18 neonates with coarctation of the aorta and 18 age-matched controls hospitalized in the cardiac intensive care unit at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta. Patients with coarctation were receiving Prostaglandin E1 and had a patent ductus arteriosus. By analyzing discrete features in the waveforms, we identified statistically significant differences in the maximum rate of fall between patients with and without coarctation. This was accentuated when comparing the difference between the upper and lower extremities, with the lower extremities having a shallow slope angle when a coarctation was present (p-value 0.001). Postoperatively, there were still differences in the maximum rate of fall between the repaired coarctation patients and controls; however, these differences normalized when compared with the same individual’s upper vs. lower extremities. Coarctation patients compared to themselves (preoperatively and postoperatively), demonstrated waveform differences between upper and lower extremities that were significantly reduced after successful surgery (p-value 0.028). This screening algorithm had an accuracy of detection of 72% with 0.61 sensitivity and 0.94 specificity.

Conclusions

We were able to identify specific features in pulse oximetry waveforms that were unique to patients with coarctation and further demonstrated that these changes normalized after surgical repair. Pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart disease in neonates may thus be improved by including waveform analysis, aiming to identify coarctation of the aorta prior to critical illness. Further large-scale testing is required to validate this screening model among patients in a newborn nursery setting who are low risk for having coarctation.
Comparison of Bacterial Communities in Soil Samples with and without Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Anna , Zhou Jianuan , Zhang Wenfei , Li Peng
Published: March 2020

Background: Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most notorious soil-borne phytopathogens. It causes a severe wilt disease with deadly effects on many economically important crops. The microbita of disease-suppressive soils are thought that they can contribute to the disease resistance of crop plants, thus, to conduct the microbial community and their interaction characteristics between suppressive soil (SS) and conducive soil (CS) will help to understand resistance mechanism. Here, the bacterial community structure, correlation analysis with soil chemical properties, interaction network of SS (nearly no disease in three years), and CS (suffered heavy bacterial wilt disease) were analyzed. Results: Compared with CS, a higher bacterial community diversity index was found in SS , and the relative abundance of main genera Bacillus , Gaiellales , Roseiflexus , Gemmatimonadaceae , Nocardioides , and Anaerolineacear reached significant levels. Redundancy analysis at the genus level indicated that the available phosphate played a key role in the bacterial community distribution, and its role was negatively correlated with soil pH, organic matter content, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium contents. Interaction network analysis further demonstrated that greater diversity at the genus level existed in the SS network and formed a stable network. Additionally, the species of Mycobacterium , Cyanobacteria , and Rhodobiaceae are the key components that sustain the network stability. Seven clusters of orthologous groups exhibited significant differences between SS and CS. Moreover, 55 bacterial strains with distinct antagonistic activities to R. solancearum were isolated and identified. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the bacterial diversity and interaction network differed between the CS and SS samples, providing a good foundation in the study of bacterial wilt.
Enhanced recovery care versus traditional non- ERAS care following osteotomies in developmental dysplasia of the hip in children : a retrospective case-cohort study
Authors: Li Jin , Rai Saroj , Ze Renhao , Tang Xin , Liu Ruikang , Hong Pan
Published: March 2020

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been shown to shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce the incidence of perioperative complications in many surgical fields. However, there has been a paucity of research examining the application of ERAS in major pediatric orthopedic surgeries. This study aims to compare the perioperative complications and length of hospital stay after osteotomies in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) between ERAS and traditional non-ERAS group. Methods: The ERAS group consisted of 86 patients included in the ERAS program from January 2016 to December 2017. The Control group consisted of 82 DDH patients who received osteotomies from January 2014 to December 2015. Length of hospital stay, physiological function, postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean duration of hospital stay was significantly reduced from 10.0±3.1 in the traditional care group to 6.0±0.8 days in the ERAS(P<0.001). The VAS score in 3-day was significantly lower in ERAS group (2.9±0.8) than traditional non-ERAS group (4.0±0.8) (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of breakout pain (VAS >4) between two groups (29.5±6.3 vs.30.6±6.5, P=0.276). The frequency of postoperative fever was lower in the ERAS group. The frequency of urinary tract infection in both groups were not noticeable because the catheter was removed promptly after the surgery. Conclusion: The ERAS protocol is both safe and feasible for pediatric DDH patients undergoing osteotomies, and it can shorten the length of hospital stay without increasing the risk of perioperative complications.
Impact of patient-perceived quality of primary health care on the patients' bypass behaviour in China
Authors: Zhang WeiWei , Huang Yuankai , Li Gaojie , Zhou Hongjie , Xi Xiaoyu
Published: March 2020

Background: Bypass behaviour is a phenomenon that an individual visits an higher-level and farther health institution instead of one with an acceptable quality of care that is closer. Patient bypass often occurs under the loose rules of first diagnosis. Additionally, patients’ perceived quality of primary health care is one of the important factors affecting their bypass behaviours. Objective: to explore individuals’ bypass behaviour in China and the impact of patients’ perceived quality of primary health care on their bypass behaviour. Method: in 2019, a national wide sampling survey was conducted to collect data of Chinese residents’ bypass behaviours and its potential influencing factors. The questionnaire that was used assessed the following: the perceived quality of primary care using the Primary Care Assessment Tool; bypass experience; age; health insurance; and other factors. A logit regression model was used to analyse the impact of perceived quality of PHC on bypass behaviour. Results: the data of 2070 residents sampled in 706 secondary/tertiary hospitals in China were collected. The results show that perceived quality of PHC is significantly associated with bypass behaviour in China. Per increase of one the PCAT mean score had an odds ratio of 0.98 (p<0.05) for bypass behaviour. Gender, household registration and cold fee for PHC were negatively associated with bypass behaviour. Conclusion: patients' perceived quality of primary health care plays an active role in reducing their bypass behaviours, which may provide a new perspective for the design of primary health care policies.