bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small farmer’s planting confidence and willingness to pay for leguminous green fertilizer: environmental attributes perspective
Authors: Xin Wang , Yanping Song , Tan Li
Published: August 2021

To evaluate whether small farmers are willing to accept the policy of sustainable use of cultivated land such as green manure planting, we analyze the payment preference and the source of heterogeneity of small farmer’s environmental attributes of leguminous green manure. A choice experiment method is conducted to learn about small farmer’s preference toward green manure. The results suggest that small farmers with planting confidence are willing to pay for different environmental attributes of leguminous green manure. Among them, the willingness to pay (WTP) for the quality and fertility of cultivated land is the highest, and the WTP for air quality is the lowest. Small farmers who do not have confidence in planting are only willing to pay for attribute of natural disaster days. We identify key factors that might influence small farmer’s payment preference, including gender, age, education level, degree of part-time employment, and the trend perception of environmental change.
THE EFFICACY OF FLAVONOID IN RED MULBERRY ON REDUCING FREE RADICALS AND ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES DUE TO CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Prawitasari Dita Sukmaya , Rochim Indira Pradita
Published: August 2021

Background. Free radicals in cigarette smoke will hurt health when they enter to the respiratory tract. An excessive increase of free radicals in the body will cause oxidative stress. Free radicals are generated physiologically by the body's metabolism and can neutralize antioxidants in the body. An imbalance number of free radicals will result in cell damage and death. It has characterized by an increase in malondialdehyde levels in the blood and alveolar macrophages in the lung tissue. Giving red mulberry (Morus rubra) as an intake of antioxidants from outside the body can prevent adverse effects of cigarette smoke. Objective. This study analyses flavonoids' impact on red mulberry in reducing free radicals due to exposure to cigarette smoke by lowering levels of malondialdehyde and alveolar macrophages. Method. This research is experimental with a post-test control group design using male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) as experimental animals. Treatment of experimental animals through red mulberry per oral and exposure to cigarette smoke had conducted for 30 days. The parameters used were levels of malondialdehyde and alveolar macrophages in the lung tissue. Results. The research showed an increase in free radicals in the group exposed to cigarette smoke. Increasing intake of red mulberry can further reduce malondialdehyde levels and the number of alveolar macrophages (p<0.05). Conclusions. The antioxidants in red mulberry can reduce malondialdehyde levels in the blood and the number of alveolar macrophages in lung tissue due to exposure to cigarette smoke.
Hyperbaric oxygen for mTBI-associated PCS and PTSD: Pooled analysis of results from Department of Defense and other published studies
Authors:   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S., Hart Brett B. , Weaver Lindell K. ,   Div. of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S.,   University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Gupta Ashutosh ,   Emmes Services Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, India, Wilson Steffanie H. ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S, Vijayarangan Amarnath ,   Emmes Services Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, India, Deru Kayla ,   Div. of Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, and Intermountain LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah U.S., Hebert Donald ,   Emmes, Rockville, Maryland U.S
Published: August 2021

Background: Some clinical trials report improvement in persistent post-concussive symptoms (PCS) with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but questions remain regarding the utility of HBO2 for PCS, the effects of HBO2 on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the influences of sham control exposures. Methods: A systematic review and pooled analysis was conducted to summarize available evidence for HBO2 in mTBI-associated PCS ± PTSD. Data aggregated from four Department of Defense (DoD) studies with participant-level data (n=254) were grouped into pooled HBO2 and sham intervention groups. Changes from baseline to post-intervention on PCS, PTSD, and neuropsychological measures were assessed using linear mixed models to evaluate main intervention and intervention-by-baseline PTSD effects. Potential dose-response relationships to oxygen partial pressures were investigated. Intervention effects from three other published studies with summary-level participant data (n=135) were also summarized. Results: Pooled DoD data analyses indicated trends toward improvement favoring HBO2 for PCS (Rivermead Total Score: -2.3, 95% CI [-5.6, 1.0], p=0.18); PTSD (PTSD Checklist Total Score: -2.7, 95% CI [-5.8, 0.4], p=0.09); and significant improvement in verbal memory (CVLT-II Trial 1-5 Free Recall: 3.8; 95% CI [1.0, 6.7], p=0.01). A dose-response trend to increasing oxygen partial pressure was also found, with a greater HBO2 effect in mTBI-associated PTSD suggested. The direction of results was consistent with other published studies. Conclusions: A definitive clinical trial, with an appropriate control group, should be considered to identify the optimal HBO2 dosing regimen for individuals with mTBI-associated PTSD ± PCS.
O TRATAMENTO DA PRONÚNCIA EM COLEÇÕES DE ESPANHOL DO ENSINO MÉDIO APROVADAS PELO PNLD
Authors: Pinho José Ricardo Dordron de
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho analisa o tratamento dado à pronúncia pelas coleções de Espanhol do Ensino Médio aprovadas no PNLD 2018. Apesar de conteúdos de pronúncia não constituírem uma exigência do programa, é possível encontrá-los em duas das três coleções aprovadas, o que indica a percepção de seus autores da importância do assunto para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. Como suporte teórico, o trabalho se baseia em Iruela (2007), para quem a oralidade não existe sem o suporte da pronúncia. Tomando como objeto de análise as propostas de cada coleção para o trabalho com a pronúncia e a efetiva abordagem do tema, percebemos que o trabalho com a pronúncia se encontra relacionado, quase exclusivamente, com a compreensão auditiva, ainda que se tratem tanto aspectos segmentais quanto prosódicos. Há poucas atividades práticas, principalmente quanto à produção.
FEMINIST COLLECTIVE CANDIDACIES: LISTENING TO DEMOCRACY IN BRAZIL
Authors: Porto Ludmila Mota de Figueiredo
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to discuss feminist collective candidacies as a powerful new means of political representation in Brazil, one historically connected with previous feminist struggles in the country. Considering the key role that language plays in understanding labor, I will explain how this new way of making politics can challenge the sexual division of labor through the idea of horizontality. Moreover, I will examine feminist collective candidacies as an effective tactic to reinforce Brazilian participatory democracy.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA O TRABALHO DOCENTE EM LINGUAGEM: DA LEITURA À PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL
Authors: Mossmann Suziane da Silva , Correia Karoliny
Published: August 2021

Este artigo se propõe a discutir a articulação entre as bases teórico-epistemológicas que sustentam a ação docente e o delineamento de estratégias metodológicas para o trabalho com as práticas de leitura, escuta e produção textual, visando à projeção de alternativas para a superação de desafios que têm se colocado no cenário educacional brasileiro nas últimas décadas. A questão de pesquisa que move este estudo é: que desafios há em se tratando da elaboração didática na Educação em Linguagem e que possibilidades de articulação entre as dimensões filosófico-epistemológica e teórico-metodológica podem ser visibilizadas, a partir da materialização em um plano de trabalho, para a superação desses desafios no que tange à ação docente? Para tanto, ancoramo-nos na perspectiva materialista-dialética do ideário de base histórico-cultural, tendo como aporte instrumentos em favor de elaborações didáticas, bem como de análises e compreensão de processos de ensino e de aprendizagem (AUTOR 2, 2017; AUTOR 1, 2019; AUTOR 1, 2019 adaptado de CERUTTI-RIZZATTI; CHRAIM, 2017), os quais articulam concepções de língua e sujeito, bases teóricas e especificidades metodológicas nas práticas de linguagem. Como resultado, foi projetado e analisado, mediante os desafios indicados, um encaminhamento metodológico possível para uma educação em favor da emancipação dos sujeitos no âmbito da formação humana.
Prática linguística como reforço de conteúdos gramaticais na aula de espanhol como língua estrangeira: uma abordagem lúdica
Authors: Gomes Jean Carlos da Silva , Paula Vanderlei Andrade de
Published: August 2021

A inexistência de discussões teóricas e práticas relacionadas ao reforço de conteúdos gramaticais por meio de uma prática linguística é claramente observada na literatura sobre metodologias de ensino de línguas estrangeiras. Neste trabalho, buscamos verificar como uma abordagem baseada na aplicação de um método que envolve a interação entre os aprendizes a partir do lúdico pode contribuir para tal questionamento. Para tanto, foi elaborada uma sequência didática formada por três atividades lúdicas que tinham por objetivo verificar e sanar as dificuldades que os aprendizes ainda apresentavam, revisar os pontos gramaticais abordados em aulas anteriores e praticar o conteúdo considerado como consolidado. A sequência foi aplicada a alunos do nível três de espanhol do Curso de Línguas Aberto à Comunidade (CLAC), oferecido pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Observou-se que a aplicação das atividades elaboradas se mostrou satisfatória, visto que possibilitou a verificação e revisão dos conteúdos gramaticais referentes ao nível dos alunos, bem como a aplicação e prática de outros conhecimentos na língua estrangeira. Além disso, constatou-se que a proposição de uma metodologia lúdica para aprendizes adultos é benéfica.
Breast implant rupture 37 years after breast augmentation
Authors: Jovic Marko , Radosavljevic Ivan , Mihaljevic Jovan , Jeremic Jelena , Jovanovic Milan
Published: August 2021

Introduction Silicone implants have been used ever since the second half of
the 20th century. Over that period several generations of implants have been
developed that differed in thickness of the shell and viscosity of the
silicone gel. Development of these generations of implants was accompanied
with different complication rates. The first-generation implants had the
lowest tendency to rupture, but were more prone to capsular contracture and
calcification formation. Case outline An 81-year-old female patient had her
silicone implants placed in 1983. After a chest injury in 2015. on the
lateral aspect of the left breast a tumefaction becomes palpable and she
complains of pain. She denies any subjective problems before the injury.
After pertinent diagnostic procedures and clinical examination, silicone
implant rupture was suspected. Surgical findings confirmed ruptures of both
implants so that they were extracted, capsulectomy was performed and the
surrounding tissue imbibed with silicone removed. Samples were sent for
histopathological examination. Conclusion Implant rupture is one of late
complications of breast augmentation. The incidence of ruptures has changed
with development of newer generations of silicone implants. We believe that
our patient had the first-generation silicone implants, knowing the time
from their placement to the occurrence of symptoms and macroscopic
appearance of the shell after extraction. The fact is that these implants
have proved to be very durable, but regardless of the lack of symptoms,
current guidelines recommend regular screening for rupture, while possible
preventive extraction, particularly in case of so old implants should be
considered.
Contributions of Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases to Enhanced Retinal Venular Constriction to Endothelin-1 in Diabetes
Authors: Chen Yen-Lin , Ren Yi , Rosa Robert H. , Kuo Lih , Hein Travis W.
Published: August 2021

Diabetes elevates endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the vitreous and enhances constriction of retinal venules to this peptide. However, mechanisms contributing to ET-1–induced constriction of retinal venules are incompletely understood. We examined roles of sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), protein kinase C (PKC), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and extracellular calcium (Ca2+) in retinal venular constriction to ET-1 and the impact of diabetes on these signaling molecules. Retinal venules were isolated from control pigs and pigs with streptozocin-induced diabetes for in vitro studies. ET-1–induced vasoconstriction was abolished in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ and sensitive to c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 but unaffected by extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059, p38 kinase inhibitor SB203580, or broad-spectrum PKC inhibitor Gö 6983. Diabetes (after 2 weeks) enhanced venular constriction to ET-1, which was insensitive to PD98059 and Gö 6983 but was prevented by NHE1 inhibitor cariporide, SB203580, and SP600125. In conclusion, extracellular Ca2+ entry and activation of JNK, independent of ERK and PKC, mediate constriction of retinal venules to ET-1. Diabetes activates p38 MAPK and NHE1, which cause enhanced venular constriction to ET-1. Treatments targeting these vascular molecules may lessen retinal complications in early diabetes.
Chronic Kidney Disease Testing Among At-Risk Adults in the U.S. Remains Low: Real-World Evidence From a National Laboratory Database
Authors: Alfego David , Ennis Jennifer , Gillespie Barbara , Lewis Mary Jane , Montgomery Elizabeth , Ferrè Silvia , Vassalotti Joseph A. , Letovsky Stanley
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE

An estimated 37 million Americans have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nearly 90% do not know about their condition because of low awareness about the importance of CKD testing and diagnosis among practitioners and people at risk for CKD. This study uses data from a national clinical laboratory to identify guideline-recommended CKD testing rates across the U.S.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Patients with Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings (Labcorp) testing between 2013 and 2019 were defined as at risk for CKD if they had any testing ordered with diagnosis codes for diabetes and/or hypertension. Guideline-concordant CKD assessment was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) testing within the study year.

RESULTS

We identified 28,295,982 at-risk patients (mean age 60.6 ± 14.8 years; 53.6% women): 16.2% had diabetes, 63.8% had hypertension, and 20.1% had both comorbidities. Of these, 80.3% did not receive guideline-concordant assessment during the study period. Furthermore, only 21.0% had uACR testing versus 89.6% with eGFR. CKD assessment occurred at least once in 28.7% of patients with diabetes, 10.5% of patients with hypertension, and 41.4% of patients with both conditions. In a state-by-state comparison, annual testing rates ranged from 5 to 30%. The nationwide rate increased modestly each year between 2013 and 2018 (from 10.7% to 15.2%).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite guideline recommendations, testing for CKD with uACR and eGFR in U.S. adults with diabetes and hypertension is low in routine clinical care. These data highlight the need for strategies to improve routine CKD assessment nationwide.
EVALUASI PENGENDALIAN PENJUALAN PRODUK PLASTIK UNTUK MENGURANGI KERUGIAN
Authors: Manurung Elizabeth Tiur , Permatasari Paulina , Purboyo Arthur , Rinas Levithia
Published: August 2021

Internal control review towards the revenue cycle is required to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the existing management in order to support the achievement of company goals, and provide recommendations to allow corrective actions. These should be taken in order to review the role of internal control in increasing sale performance. This research used descriptive study method which could help to think systematically about various variables on a particular situation, to provide ideas for further research and to make simple decisions from the research that was done. Data collection techniques conducted were literature study and field study at Bandung Plastic company. Based on the result of internal control analysis, it was discovered that internal control set by the company will help company to handle loss of bad debt expenses, avoid fictitious sales, reduce improper sales target, reduce re-delivery cost, reduce erroneous task, and reduce environmental pollution.
CONTINUANCE USE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR CIVIL REGISTRATION SERVICES
Authors: Susilo Ghina Fitri Ariesta , Afandi Panji
Published: August 2021

Department of Population and Civil Registration of Magelang City is a local government agency that run public services effectively and efficiently. It is because the service is oriented to the societies. This study aims to analyze supporting technology as performance support of the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Magelang City namely the Management Information System for Admissions Management of Population Administration Applications (SIMP3AK). This study belongs to the category of qualitative research. This study used interview as its method. The results show that the continuance usage of SIMP3AK is determined by the existence of three indicators, namely, trust, efficiency and effectiveness, and satisfaction.
MACRO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ON STOCK PRICES
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Sugito Putra Toufiq Agung Pratomo
Published: August 2021

Macroeconomics is an integral component of economic activity. The goal of this research is to demonstrate the effects of the macro-economic effect on stock returns with a more focused and tailored scope of the financial sector. This research uses a quantitative methodology with mathematical techniques, data used in the period 2001-2018, time series models with Vector Autoregressive (VAR) approaches where the data used are stationary and not co-integrated. The VAR model shows that if there is a parallel interaction between the measured variables, these variables can be considered similarly so that there are no more endogenous and exogenous variables. The findings showed that inflation, exchange rates and interest rates have no significant effect while economic growth had an impact on stock returns in the financial sector on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2001-2018.
CRITICAL FACTORS OF CLOUD ACCOUNTING ACCEPTANCE AND SECURITY FOR PROSPECTIVE ACCOUNTANTS: TAM EXTENSION
Authors: Musyaffi Ayatulloh Michael , Muna Arinal
Published: August 2021

Cloud computing technology can change the business structure, including accounting, through cloud computing. However, cloud accounting has problems, especially those related to data, which affect user acceptance of cloud accounting. Based on these problems, this research aims to test the acceptance of cloud accounting. The object of this research focuses on cloud accounting users to prospective accountants who are still at the undergraduate degree, with a total of 123 respondents. The questionnaire was distributed via google form and then analyzed using PLS using data processing through SmartPLS. The findings of this study indicate that perceived ease of use and security can influence the intention to using cloud accounting. Meanwhile, perceived usefulness not able to control the choice to use cloud accounting. This is because prospective accountants still consider cloud as a learning medium to not guarantee uncertainty in using cloud accounting.
Reflective Gem to Improve Receptive Communication Skills for Students with Hearing Impairment
Authors: Fitria Erlin , Hardiyantari Oktavia
Published: August 2021

The inability to receive excitatory voice experienced by the student with hearing impairments presents diverse impacts. The impacts include difficulties in understanding the information that others convey, lengthy understanding sentences, and holding verbal communication. This research aimed to develop a reflective maternal method integrated with the Android system to improve vocabulary mastery to support students with hearing impairments to perform receptive communication. There were twelve students with hearing impairments within the 15-23 age range as the samples. This research belongs to research and development adapted from the multimedia development model for learning. Product feasibility test was performed through the alpha and beta tests. The average expert validation score was 4.25, and the average score of the material expert was 4.50. Both expert validation results were in an excellent category. Also, the results of the media experts' validation were 3.58 in the good category. Meanwhile, the average score of beta test was 3.58 in the good category. It can be concluded that Android apps can be operated via smartphones or computer devices to improve the receptive communicative ability of students with hearing impairments. This application is called Reflective Game. This research recommends an Android application program that can be used by Guidance and Counseling teacher accompanied by special school teachers to improve students' vocabulary understanding for the student with hearing impairment. Besides, it provides skills to understand proverbs, opposites (anonymous), and synonyms.
Sustainability Development-Based Agroindustry in Chemistry Learning to Improve the Preservice Chemistry Teachers’ Competence
Authors: Hasibuan Nur Azizah Putri , Paristiowati Maria , Erdawati Erdawati
Published: August 2021

This research aims to integrate agroindustry and sustainability development into chemistry learning through the Project-Based Learning model (PjBL) to improve the competence of preservice chemistry teachers. This research employed the qualitative method. The Summer Course program was held collaboratively by Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Institut Pertanian Bogor, and Villanova University. The program was implemented online within six weeks due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants consisted of 25 students. The data had been collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, student portfolios, and reflection journals. Based on the analysis, several projects developed by preservice chemistry teachers increased the application to solve sustainability problems in the agroindustry field. Furthermore, the project was expected to be developed into a natural product that can increase the agroindustry value for coffee farmers. The findings also foster the preservice chemistry teachers to improve their creative thinking, collaboration, higher-order thinking skills, and problem-solving skills. Besides, they developed their communication and collaboration after participating in the program. The paper outline is a project development learning experience in a sustainable field and would be a good resource for student-teacher involvement in teacher education.
Religious Moderation-Based Islamic Education Model by Nahdlatul Ulama at Islamic Boarding Schools in Lampung Province
Authors: Wasehudin Wasehudin , Syafei Imam
Published: August 2021

Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) has made a substantial contribution to Islamic education, especially in the world of Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools have a significant influence in creating intelligent and great young generations. The focus of this study is to analyze the implementation and the results of Islamic education based on religious moderation in Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province. The Islamic boarding schools that served as objects of study are Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province that have implemented religious moderation, namely the Ushuluddin Islamic Boarding School in South Lampung, Al-Hikmah Islamic Boarding School Bandar Lampung, Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School Pesawaran, and Raudhatu Sholihin Islamic Boarding School Central Lampung. This study applied the field research design with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The study results show that Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have implemented Islamic education based on religious moderation. Islamic boarding schools in Lampung province have similarities in terms of application, namely Tawasuth (taking the middle way) and Tsamuh (tolerance). They also integrate the general curriculum and religious curriculum by studying the Kitab Kuning (Kitab Turath), yasinan, Tabligh Akbar, room placement based on ethnic background, and Bahtsul Masail activities. As a result, the students have a strong base of thought and character by openly responding to differences and thinking.
Sentiment Analysis of Religious Moderation in Virtual Public Spaces during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Salsabila Unik Hanifah , Pratiwi Anggi , Ichsan Yazida , Husna Difa'ul
Published: August 2021

In Indonesia, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the virtualization of most social and educational activities, including discourse on the dynamics of Islamic education, which is colored by contextual differences in manhaj, ideology, and religious practice. Social media has evolved into a new role as a multicultural public space that reflects the Indonesian people's religious literacy diversity. As a subsystem of national education, Islamic education plays a critical role in internalizing the Indonesian people's competencies. Religious moderation literacy will lead Indonesian people who are multicultural to a more accepting and inclusive attitude while reducing social conflicts. The purpose of this research is to ascertain public sentiment toward religious literacy in Indonesia during the 2020 Covid-19 outbreak. Twitter was chosen as the virtual public space to study in this context because, according to previous research, it is a social media platform widely used by Indonesians to discuss serious topics in education and religion. The researcher employs a type of quantitative exploration as a statistical testing technique. The data collection technique was crawling through open public data associated with Twitter's Application Programming Interface (API). This research generated findings in a word cloud labeling graph containing data on religious moderation participation. The sentiment analysis score obtained is - 0.9183, which is higher than 0.4588 on religious moderation content. The combined score is 0.565, which is higher than 0.333. the results are also contained in a sentiment analysis heat map visualization. The researchers recommend future researchers compare the ratio of religious moderation material on Islamic religious education subjects in online learning.
CPU AND GPU PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON 2D MATRIX OPERATION
Authors: Kurniawan Kwek Benny , Setianto YB Dwi
Published: August 2021

GPU or Graphic Processing Unit can be used on many platforms in general GPUs are used for rendering graphics but now GPUs are general purpose parallel processors with support for easily accessible programming interfaces and industry standard languages such as C, Python and Fortran. In this study, the authors will compare CPU and GPU for completing some matrix calculation. To compare between CPU and GPU, the authors have done some testing to observe the use of Processing Unit, memory and computing time to complete matrix calculations by changing matrix sizes and dimensions. The results of tests that have been done shows asynchronous GPU is faster than sequential. Furthermore, thread for GPU needs to be adjusted to achieve efficiency in GPU load.
Are We Prepared for the Next Disaster? Evidence from Ice Storm
Authors: Asgary Ali , Vaezi Ali , Azimi Nooreddin
Published: August 2021

This study examines the impacts that an emergency had on people’s preparedness levels, using the December 2013 Ice Storm in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) as a case. A questionnaire consisting of three sections was developed to measure the associated impacts, people’s reactions/opinions, as well as their preparedness levels before and after the ice storm. The goal of the research is not only to discuss the factors that influenced people’s ability to prepare, respond to and recover from the ice storm but also to generate useful insights for future disasters that are similar in nature. Our analysis includes various aspects such as the effectiveness of advance warnings and their ability to disseminate information to mass audiences. The findings show that, most of the respondents believe that they learned a lot about ice storms and their impacts because of their prior experience; a significant majority believe that it is the city’s/municipality’s responsibility to prepare for emergencies like ice storms; home ownership was significantly associated with the previous ice storm preparedness; and, power outage experience was significantly associated with the next ice storm preparedness.
The Impact of Macro-Economic Drivers in Housing Markets: The US Case
Authors: YILMAZ Bilgi , YERLİKAYA ÖZKURT Fatma , KESTEL Sevtap
Published: August 2021

This paper analyzes the effect of macro-economic, financial and commodity market indicators on housing markets. We compare the efficiency of the models generated by Generalized Linear Models (GLM) and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) according to method free measures for estimating the housing market trend. These models are used for the first time to identify the influence of macro-economic indicators on housing markets and the estimation of the trend in housing markets to our best knowledge. The empirical analysis focuses on the US housing market, and the illustration of the proposed models is done through the monthly historical realizations of S\&P/Case-Shiller National Home Price Index (HPI) and the US macro-economic indicators over the period from 1999-January to 2018-June. It contributes to the literature by highlighting the interaction between macro-economic indicators and housing markets and analyzing the mechanism of housing markets. The findings indicate that the house price trends are estimated with more accuracy and these models capture the joint influence of explanatory variables. Further, the MARS method is shown to outperform GLM compared to the prediction and forecasting power.
Kirlilik Emisyonlarının Azaltılmasında Çevre Vergilerinin Rolü: AB Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: ATAY POLAT Melike , ERGÜN Suzan
Published: August 2021

Ekonomik literatürde çevre vergileri, kirlilik ve iklim değişikliği gibi çevre sorunlarının azaltılmasında temel araçlardan biri olarak önerilmiştir. Bu tür vergiler ekonomik birimlerin dışsal maliyetlerini içselleştirdiği için teşvik temelli mekanizmalar olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. Bu çalışma 21 AB ülkesi için 1995-2017 yılları arasında çevre vergileri ve hava kirliliği ile ilgili seragazı, karbondioksit, sülfür oksit, nitrojen oksit gibi çeşitli kirlilik emisyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Panel AMG tahmincisi sonuçları pek çok AB ülkesinde çevre vergilerinin seragazı, karbondioksit, sülfür oksit, nitrojen oksit gibi çevresel kirlilik emisyonlarını azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, çevre vergisinden seragazı emisyonuna doğru tek yönlü, sülfüroksit emisyonundan çevre vergisine doğru tek yönlü, çevre vergisi ile CO2 emisyonu ve nitrojenoksit emisyonları arasında ise iki yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Magnetic mallets – A stroke of luck in implantology: A review
Authors: Visale K. , Manimala V. , Vidhyasankari N. , Shanmugapriya S. V.
Published: August 2021

Magnetic mallet was introduced in dentistry by Bonwill in 1873. It was introduced with the aim of increasing the efficacy of hammered gold fillings. Magnetic mallet is a magnetodynamical handpiece with an ergonomical design. It comprises central control with force adjustment, sterilizable handpiece with different replaceable tips, and pedal control. It comes with an entire range of bone expanders/osteotomes, cutter, and other instruments. It is applicable for procedures such as tooth and root extraction, impacted tooth removal, delayed implant placement, bone manipulating and sinus lifting procedures, root apex resection, removal of crowns, bridges, and implant part. The use of magnetic mallet is said to provide with better clinical advantage.
The role of alcohol metabolism enzymes in chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (review)
Authors: Алиева Г.Р.
Published: August 2021

Алкогольный метаболизм является решающим биологическим фактором, значительно влияющим на злоупотребление алкоголем, развитие алкоголизма и алкогольное повреждение органов. Основной путь метаболизма этанола - это алкогольдегидрогеназный путь превращения в ацетальдегид, который переходит в митохондрии и окисляется до уксусной кислоты. Через этот путь проходит 80-90% всего этанола. За окисление 10-20% этанола отвечает алкогольоксидаза (цитохром P450), также называемая «микросомальная этанолокисляющая система» (MEOS/CYP2E1). Основные ферменты метаболизма алкоголя проявляют генетический полиморфизм и этническую изменчивость. В данном обзоре представлены достижения последних десятилетий в понимании функциональных полиморфных локусов генов ADH и ALDH и их метаболических, физиологических и клинических корреляций.

Alcohol metabolism is a decisive biological factor that significantly affects alcohol abuse, the development of alcoholism and alcohol damage to organs. The main pathway of ethanol metabolism is the alcohol dehydrogenase pathway to acetaldehyde, which passes into the mitochondria and is oxidized to acetic acid. 80-90% of all ethanol passes through this path. Alcohol oxidase (cytochrome P450), also called microsomal ethanol oxidation system (MEOS/CYP2E1), is responsible for the oxidation of 10-20% of ethanol. The main alcohol metabolizing enzymes exhibit genetic polymorphism and ethnic variation. This review presents recent advances in understanding the functional polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and their metabolic, physiological, and clinical correlations.
Pathophysiological and pathochemical aspects of the effect of hydrogen peroxide on humans and animals (review)
Authors: Еникеев Д.А. , Кузнецов К.О. , Еникеев О.А. , Идрисова Л.Т. , Еникеева С.А. , Еникеев Р.И. , Садыков Р.Ш. , Кузнецова Д.Р. , Габдрахманова И.Д.
Published: August 2021

В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы частной патофизилогии перекиси водорода (ПВ), особенности её взаимодействия с органами и тканями организма человека и животных. Показано, что ПВ является уникальным веществом, которое может оказывать как положительное, так и отрицательное действие на организм, является важным соединением в сохранении гомеостаза, так как это естественное антибактериальное средство, в том числе в мочевыделительной и пищеварительной системах. Также оценена возможность использования ПВ с целью лечения различных заболеваний, с учетом знаний о патогенезе заболеваний и механизме действия ПВ.

The review deals with the issues of special pathophysiology of hydrogen peroxide (HP), and especially with its interaction with organs and tissues of the human and animal body. HP has been shown to be a unique substance that can have both positive and negative effects. As HP is a natural antibacterial agent, it is an important compound in maintaining homeostasis, including homeostasis in the urinary and digestive systems. The possibility of using HP for the treatment of various diseases was also assessed, taking into account knowledge about the pathogenesis of diseases and the mechanism of action of HP.
Butyric acid (butyrate)
Authors: Пальцын А.А. , Свиридкина Н.Б.
Published: August 2021

Бутановая кислота - одна из короткоцепочечных жирных кислот (КЖК). Присутствует в молочных продуктах и сливочном масле, поэтому имеет второе название - масляная (бутират). Как и другие КЖК, образуется в толстом кишечнике человека местной анаэробной флорой из грубой растительной пищи - пищевых волокон. Собственные пищеварительные механизмы человека не способны создавать КЖК. Эти кислоты - главный источник энергии для микрофлоры толстого кишечника и обеспечивают около 15% общих энергозатрат тела. Бутират проникает во многие среды организма, служит сигнальной молекулой множества физиологических и патологических процессов. Достаточная продукция бутирата толстым кишечником - свидетельство нормального состояния кишечной микробиоты, существенно влияющей и даже определяющей развитие (или не развитие) многих болезней, в том числе нейроиммунных: болезней Альцгеймера и Паркинсона, шизофрении, множественного склероза, аутизма и расстройств аутистического спектра. В арсенале современной медицины опосредованные микробиомом влияния могут быть наиболее выполнимыми и действенными способами профилактики и лечения.

Butyric acid, also known as butyrate, is one of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). It is present in dairy products and, especially, in butter. Like other SCFA, butyrate is formed in the human large intestine from coarse, vegetable fiber by the local anaerobic flora. The digestive mechanisms are not capable of creating SCFA. These acids are the main source of energy for the microflora in the large intestine, and they also provide about 15% of the total energy consumed by the body. Butyrate penetrates many body environments, and it serves as a signaling molecule for many physiological and pathological processes. Normal production of butyrate by the large intestine is evidence of the normal state of the intestinal microbiota, which significantly affects and even determines the development, or not the development, of many diseases. Among these are neuroimmune diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, autism and autism spectrum disorders. In the arsenal of modern medicine, microbiome-mediated influences may be among the most feasible and effective preventive and therapeutic means.
Approximation viscosity of one-parameter families of lattice Boltzmann equations
Authors: Кривовичев Г.В. , Прохорова Е.А.
Published: August 2021

Рассматриваются свойства параметрических решеточных схем Больцмана. С использованием метода Чепмена--Энскога из дифференциального приближения схем получена система уравнений относительно гидродинамических переменных и выведено выражение для аппроксимационной вязкости. Показано, что существует численная
вязкость, которую необходимо учитывать при проведении расчетов. Необходимые условия устойчивости получены из условия неотрицательности выражения для аппроксимационной вязкости. При решении тестовой задачи о течении в каверне с подвижной крышкой показано, что возможно проведение расчетов по параметрическим
схемам в случаях, когда неприменимо обычное решеточное уравнение Больцмана.

A number of properties of parametric lattice Boltzmann schemes are considered. The Chapman-Enskog method is used to derive a system of equations for hydrodynamic variables and to obtain an expression for the approximation viscosity from the differential approximation of the schemes. It is shown that there exists the numerical viscosity that should be taken into account during numerical computations. Necessary stability conditions are obtained from the nonnegativity condition for the approximation viscosity. The possibility of computations using the proposed schemes is demonstrated by the numerical
solution of the lid-driven cavity flow problem when the standard lattice Boltzmann equation is inapplicable.
On combining the techniques for convergence acceleration of iteration processes during the numerical solution of Navier-Stokes equations
Authors: Ворожцов Е.В. , Шапеев В.П.
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается проблема ускорения итерационного процесса численного решения методом коллокаций и
наименьших невязок (КНН) краевых задач для уравнений с частными производными. Для ее решения в методе КНН предложено применять одновременно три способа ускорения итерационного процесса: предобуславливатель, многосеточный алгоритм и метод Крылова. Исследован двухпараметрический предобуславливатель. Предложено находить оптимальные значения его параметров путем численного решения относительно нетрудоемкой задачи минимизации числа обусловленности системы линейных алгебраических уравнений приближенной задачи. Использование найденного предобуславливателя существенно ускоряет итерационный процесс. Исследовано влияние на итерационный процесс всех трех способов его ускорения: каждого по отдельности, а также при их комбинированном применении. При этом наибольший вклад дает применение алгоритма, использующего
подпространства Крылова. Комбинированное применение одновременно всех трех способов ускорения итерационного процесса решения краевых задач для двумерных уравнений Навье-Стокса уменьшило время их решения на компьютере до 160 раз по сравнению со случаем, когда ни один из них не применялся. Предложенная комбинация способов ускорения итерационных процессов может быть реализована также в рамках применения других численных методов решения уравнений с частными производными.

The problem of accelerating the iteration process of the numerical solution of boundary value problems for partial differential equations by the method of collocations and least residuals (CLR) is considered. In the CLR method it is proposed to simultaneously apply three techniques for accelerating the iteration process: a preconditioner, a multigrid algorithm, and the Krylov method. A two-parameter preconditioner is studied. It is proposed to find the optimal values of its parameters by the numerical solution of a relatively computationally inexpensive problem of minimizing the condition number of the system of linear algebraic equations for the approximate problem. The use of the found preconditioner substantially speeds up the iteration process. The individual effect of each technique as well as the effect of their combined use on accelerating the entire iteration process acceleration are analyzed. The application of the algorithm based on the Krylov subspaces gives the most significant contribution. A simultaneous combined use of all the three techniques for accelerating the iteration process of solving the boundary value problems for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations reduces the CPU time of their solution by a factor of up to 160 compared to the case when no such technique is applied. The proposed combination of the above techniques for accelerating the iteration processes may also be implemented in the framework of other numerical methods for solving the partial differential equations.
A maximum principle for multiphase flow models
Authors: Новиков К.А.
Published: August 2021

Сформулированы и доказаны принципы максимума для нескольких моделей многофазной фильтрации. Первый принцип справедлив для фазовых насыщенностей в несжимаемом случае модели двухфазной фильтрации с постоянными вязкостями, а второй - для глобального давления в моделях двух- и трехфазной фильтрации

Two maximum principles for several multi-phase flow models are formulated and proved. The first one is valid for phase saturations in an incompressible two-phase flow model with constant viscosities. The second one is valid for the global pressure in two- and three-phase flow models with constant viscosities and is also valid for phase pressures in the case of zero capillary pressure.
A new algorithm for the optimization of transport networks subject to constraints
Authors: Ананьев А.А. , Ломовицкий П.В. , Ужегов Д.В. , Хлюпин А.Н.
Published: August 2021

Предложен эвристический алгоритм построения транспортной сети сбора оптимальной геометрии с ограничениями. Транспортная сеть представляется ориентированным взвешенным деревом Штейнера. Ограничения накладываются на максимальную суммарную длину участков коммуникаций от любой терминальной вершины до точки сбора. Учет ограничений происходит с помощью метода штрафных функций. Приведен анализ влияния параметров модели на оптимальную геометрию сети.

A new heuristic algorithm of finding a minimum weighted Steiner tree is proposed. A transport network can be represented in the form of a directed weighted Steiner tree. Constraints are imposed on the maximal total length of communications from any terminal vertex to the root of the tree. A penalty function method is used to take the constraints into account. The effect of model parameters on the optimal network geometry is analyzed.
Parallel implementation of a meshfree method for calculating flows of ideal incompressible fluid
Authors: Говорухин В.Н.
Published: August 2021

Предложен параллельный алгоритм для расчета двумерной динамики невязкой несжимаемой жидкости на вращающейся сфере. Основой алгоритма является бессеточный метод вихрей в ячейках для решения начально-краевой задачи для нестационарных уравнений движения идеальной жидкости в терминах абсолютной
завихренности и функции тока. Метод базируется на аппроксимации функции тока отрезком ряда Фурье, приближении поля завихренности ее значениями в частицах и расчете траекторий частиц с использованием псевдосимплектического интегратора. Схема распараллеливания на каждом временном шаге включает в себя расщепление по подмножествам частиц и декомпозицию области течения. Представлено описание алгоритма для вычислительных систем с общей памятью. Эффективность метода и производительность параллельного алгоритма оценены экспериментально при различных параметрах расчета, показана хорошая масштабируемость алгоритма.

A parallel algorithm for calculating the two-dimensional dynamics of inviscid incompressible fluids on a rotating sphere is proposed. The algorithm is based on the meshfree vortex-in-cell method for solving an initial boundary value problem for unsteady equations describing the motion of an ideal fluid in terms of the absolute vorticity and stream function. The method is based on the approximation of the stream function using the Fourier series. The vorticity field is defined by its values on a set of particles. The particle trajectories are calculated using a pseudo-symplectic integrator. At each time step, the parallelization involves the splitting into subsets of particles and the decomposition of the flow region. The efficiency of the parallel algorithm and its performance are evaluated experimentally for various parameters of the method. The numerical results show a good scalability of the algorithm.