bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artists’ workshops on the cultural map of Kyiv in the 1960s–1980s
Authors: Poliakova Maryna
Published: March 2023

The article takes the first step towards a systematic study of the network of art workshops in the city of Kyiv as it developed during the 1960s and 1980s. The artist’s workshop is presented by us as one of the main loci of professional artistic ubiquity, a room where the artist spends a significant part of his life, working and communicating with colleagues. The activities of the Kyiv branch of the Union of Artists of the Ukrainian SSR and the Art Fund of the Ukrainian SSR subordinated to the Union in the field of creating and providing artists with skills are analyzed as one of the directions of the implementation of the Soviet cultural policy: maintaining loyal attitudes in the artistic environment through the material support of artists, ensuring their daily professional needs. The phenomenon of Kyiv research workshops in the interdisciplinary field (using the methods of social history, cultural history, etc.). This made it possible to see the system of workshops as a structure: to typologize, that is, to distinguish different types of premises (residential buildings with workshops, specialized “combinations”, individual premises), to build a chronology of creation and visualize the Kyiv geography of the network of creative workshops.
Some aspects of stage performances of musicals at Kyiv National Operetta Theatre in 2005-2021
Authors: Strutynskyi Bogdan
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of staging musicals in the Ukrainian musical theatre of the beginning of the 21st century. Using the example of Kyiv National Operetta Theatre, the author analyses the problems faced by the theatre while staging a musical, investigates practical ways to solve problematic issues, and considers the prospects for further presentation of musicals to the audience. The author pays attention to the motivation of the theatre and production groups during the selection of material for the stage performance: the creative ability of the team, the relevance of the subject, etc. The article examines a creative potential of the theatre, in particular a special cast of a team necessary for the realization of the musical: qualification requirements for soloists, choir, ballet and orchestra. The author draws a special attention to differences between staging a musical and an operetta, focusing on the peculiarities of working with a team who is engaged in both of these genres. The article examines the issue of copyright protection, difficulties faced by Ukrainian theatres working with foreign rights holders. One of the key aspects of the article is the analysis of the experience of cooperation with foreign directors and creation of co-productions. The author also touches the issue of a technical support of the stage as an important condition for creating a high-quality stage product in the musical genre. The conclusion of the study was resulted in generalization of outputs of the conducted analysis.
Discourse “academic — experimental”: theory and practice
Authors: Yur Maryna
Published: March 2023

Thanks to the work of Ukrainian composers of the post-war period (Mykola Dremliuha, Kostiantyn Miaskov, Anatolii Kolomiiets, Serhii Bashtan, Vasyl Herasymenko, etc.), the process of academization of the instrumental bandura was actively established, marked by a significant expansion of genre-style and expressive-performing paraphernalia. In this direction, an important role belongs to Kostiantyn Miaskov, an outstanding personality in composing for bandura. A vital component that forms the style of his legacy for instrumental bandura is the reliance on folk dance and folk song themes and their reinterpretation in line with academic performance. Among the author’s stylistic techniques that are most often traced in instrumental works for bandura are sequencing, variation, improvisational development of musical and thematic material, tempo and dynamic contrast, bright dynamization of the development of musical fabric, on the one hand, and organic use of timbre — phonic and technical-expressive capabilities of the instrument, on the other. The kinship of the composer’s style with the foundations of folk music thinking was manifested in the melodicism of his instrumental canvases for the bandura. Reliance on folklore became, for the artist, a factor that, to a certain extent, determined the individual style of writing of this master, where the principle of music making, typical of folk Instrumental Performance, became decisive for his compositions in the field of bandura creativity
Genre and performing style of instrumental compositions for bandura by Kostiantyn Miaskov
Authors: Larikova Liudmyla
Published: March 2023

Thanks to the work of Ukrainian composers of the post-war period (Mykola Dremliuha, Kostiantyn Miaskov, Anatolii Kolomiiets, Serhii Bashtan, Vasyl Herasymenko, etc.), the process of academization of the instrumental bandura was actively established, marked by a significant expansion of genre-style and expressive-performing paraphernalia. In this direction, an important role belongs to Kostiantyn Miaskov, an outstanding personality in composing for bandura. A vital component that forms the style of his legacy for instrumental bandura is the reliance on folk dance and folk song themes and their reinterpretation in line with academic performance. Among the author’s stylistic techniques that are most often traced in instrumental works for bandura are sequencing, variation, improvisational development of musical and thematic material, tempo and dynamic contrast, bright dynamization of the development of musical fabric, on the one hand, and organic use of timbre — phonic and technical-expressive capabilities of the instrument, on the other. The kinship of the composer’s style with the foundations of folk music thinking was manifested in the melodicism of his instrumental canvases for the bandura. Reliance on folklore became, for the artist, a factor that, to a certain extent, determined the individual style of writing of this master, where the principle of music making, typical of folk Instrumental Performance, became decisive for his compositions in the field of bandura creativity.
Mythopoetics of Borys Liatoshynsky’s 1910–1930s: the wagnerian context
Authors: Savchuk Igor
Published: March 2023

The mythopoetics of Borys Liatoshynsky’s work is a little-researched phenomenon by modern musicology. Meanwhile, the “projections” of the myth, the outlines of the mythological plot, image, and motive, woven into the artistic plan, open new horizons for understanding the author’s concepts. The myth appears to be the key to deciphering the depths of interaction between the author, the work, and the character. Given that Liatoshynsky’s artistic ideas of the 1910s–1930s were modernistic, his artistic concepts have absorbed almost all the leading phenomena of European music of the first half of the twentieth century. They became the basis for the further development of Ukrainian musical culture. Without resorting to mythopoetics it is impossible to understand them in their diversity, complexity and contradiction. Mythopoetics, in the context of Liatoshynsky’s explorations, is manifested through the reflection of other European cultures, passionary personalities, and the realization of the myth of the hero in the works. This can be seen in the symbolistic chamber works of the 1920s, in operas in which the hero’s sacrifice acquires the epic scale of Greek tragedy, and in symphonic works whose characters are characterized by the duality of interpretation of the good and the evil. Wagner’s projections in the works of Borys Liatoshynsky of the 1910s and 1930s can be traced in two ways. On the one hand, due to the mythopoetic symbolism of the intentions of the Ukrainian composer, the kaleidoscopic discreteness of symbols-images-myths, obtained from the work of Scriabin, a consistent Wagnerian. A deeply tragic attitude showed itself to be an alienated imagery of concepts during an attempt to heal the traumatic experience of the First World War and the Civil War. On the other hand, the Wagnerian version of the heroic myth became basic for Liatoshynsky and was used in opera and symphonic concepts. This confusion of the myth, its symbolic and tragic context, was traumatically reflected in the fate of his Second and Third symphonies, and in its general form is embodied precisely in opera ideas
MODELING THE DYNAMICS OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR STRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITY AT DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL AND SPATIAL LEVEL
Authors:   Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science, Shanin V. N. ,   Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolov P. V. , Priputina I. V. , Chertov O. G. , Bykhovets S. S. , Zubkova E. V. , Portnov A. M. , Frolova G. G. , Stamenov M. N. , Grabarnik P. Y.
Published: March 2023

Many problems of modern forest ecology require analysis of the conjugated dynamics of processes occurring at different spatio-temporal scales of the functioning of plant communities and soils resulted from their interaction under the influence of all edaphic and anthropogenic factors. Mathematical models can be an effective tool for such analysis. The aim of this study is to present the implementation of new model system that makes it possible to reproduce in simulation experiments the spatial structure of forest phytocenoses formed by tree and grass-shrub layers, as well as associated heterogeneity of soil conditions and the diversity of ecological niches at different hierarchical levels. To determine the required level of detail of the spatial heterogeneity of forest biogeocenoses related to the processes of their multi-scale functioning, experimental studies were carried out on permanent sampling plots in the Prioksko-Terrasny State Natural Biosphere Reserve and in the «Kaluzhskie Zaseki» State Nature Reserve. The spatial structure of communities and related heterogeneity of ecological conditions were studied using traditional soil and geobotanical, as well as modern instrumental methods. The obtained data were used to construct the algorithms and to estimate the parameters of different blocks of the new system of models. The implementation of a spatially-explicit process-based system of models has shown its ability to reproduce the dynamics of forest ecosystems, taking into account the species composition and spatial structure of different layers of vegetation and the associated patchiness of soil conditions. Due to a wide range of interrelated ecosystem characteristics implemented in the system of models it is possible to simulate productivity, biological turnover of C and N, and the dynamics of forest ecosystems, taking into account their typical spatial structure at different scales. This improves understanding of ecosystem processes and their contribution to maintaining the sustainable functioning of forests, which can be used for predictive assessments of the efficiency of forest management techniques and in solving other forestry and environmental problems.
QUALITY OF WOOD LITTER AS AN INFORMATIVE INDICATOR OF FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FORESTS
Authors:   Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the RAS, Basova E.V. , Lukina N.V. , Kuznecova A.I. , Gornov A.V. , Shevchenko N.E. , Tikhonova E.V. , Geraskina A.P. , Braslavskaya T.Yu. , Teben’kova D.N. , Lugovaya D L. ,   WWF-Russia
Published: March 2023

Relevance and goals. In the context of global climate change, the climate-regulating function of forests deserves special attention. There is still no functional classification of forests according to the effectiveness of their carbon storage function. The purpose of this article is to discuss an approach to such classification based on the assessment of the quality of tree litter. Objects and methods. To test the approach to the identification of functional types of forests (FTL) based on the quality of tree litter, taking into account the position in the landscape and the mechanical composition of soil-forming rocks, data on soils and vegetation obtained at 23 sites operating in the subzone of coniferous-broadleaf forests of the European part of Russia on the territory of Bryansk Polesie and Moskvoretsko-Okskaya plain were used. For indirect (on the ecological scale of E. Landolt using the SpeDiv program) to assess differences in the soil richness of forests belonging to different FTLS, the species composition of 160 descriptions of forest vegetation of the Moscow, Bryansk, Smolensk, Kostroma regions, Krasnodar Krai and the Republic of Adygea (North-Western Caucasus) was analyzed. Results. Examples of functional forest types (FTL) for coniferous and broad-leaved forests of the European part of Russia are given. The differences in the level of soil carbon accumulation between different FTLS are shown, and a preliminary assessment of the influence of the position in the landscape and the mechanical composition of soils on the accumulation of carbon in soils within FTLS is given. Conclusion. Based on the quality of the fall of tree litter, 15 FTL were identified, which are confirmed by examples based on geobotanical descriptions of forest communities common in the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests of the European part of Russia and in the belt of coniferous-deciduous forests of the North-Western Caucasus. The validity of the allocation of FTL for the efficiency of carbon accumulation in soils based on the quality of plant litter, taking into account the influence of “external factors” (the position in the landscape and the mechanical composition of soil-forming rocks) is confirmed by data obtained at 23 sites; estimates of the carbon reserves in the soil, as well as the soil richness estimated on an ecological scale, revealed differences between the allocated FTLS. Differences in carbon stocks in forest ecosystems in the same FTL formed on loamy and sandy loam soil-forming rocks were revealed. Differences in soil carbon reserves in forests belonging to the same FTL, but formed at different positions in the landscape, have been confirmed; in transit landscapes, soil carbon reserves are higher than in autonomous ones.
Risk Minimization as a Component of Ensuring the Financial Stability of the Banking Sector of Ukraine
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Olha Melnyk
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Banking activity, like any other, is accompanied by the presence of risks caused by the specifics of the relevant operations. Taking into account the effect of economic factors, the instability of the political situation, and crisis phenomena, it is important to stabilize the financial stability of the banking sector of Ukraine and further improve the mechanism for ensuring the financial stability of the banking system. Starting from 2022, the economic security of the banking system was significantly disturbed as a result of the pandemic and the introduction of quarantine measures, which in turn increases the level of banking risks. Thus, part of the borrowers of banking institutions is characterized by the inability to meet their obligations. Therefore, the state government and the National Bank of Ukraine implemented measures aimed at minimizing banking risks. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the modern risks of banking activity as a component of the mechanism for ensuring the financial stability of the banking sector of Ukraine, as well as to determine directions for their minimization. Results. As a result of the implementation of the risks of banking activity during the martial law, banking institutions suffered quite significant losses, especially due to the deterioration of the quality of the loan portfolio. The least risky instrument on the Ukrainian stock market is government bonds, as the risks of default in the national currency of the government are much lower than those of other issuers. Thus, the credit risks of bonds of domestic government loans are almost absent. Basel standards and European banking legislation allow setting zero capital requirements for credit risks of securities in the national currency. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 84 Conclusions. For the further effective functioning of the banking sector and the minimization of risks, it is important to: comply with the requirements of the NBU by banking institutions; strengthening of financial controlling; timely informing the NBU about violations of capital and liquidity, as well as about possible risks of such violations; improvement of the cyber protection system.
Methodological Principles of Content Analysis of Websites
Authors: Nosenko Yu. M.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. It has been established that content analysis is a method of quantitative and qualitative study of content to measure or identify certain trends and facts reflected in the texts proposed for study. The first examples of content analysis began to appear in social disciplines starting from the 30s of the last century in the USA. The basic system of content analysis includes: quick update of content, search for content on a certain resource, collection of content about regular and potential customers, audience analysis, analysis of resource visits. It is necessary to analyze the content of the site when the main tasks of the virtual project are not solved quickly enough or too efficiently. Quantitative content analysis is characterized by the frequency of occurrence of certain characteristics in the text. Qualitative content analysis - involves studying the form and structure of content. Nine stages of content analysis are distinguished: analysis of the situation, drawing up a plan, drawing up descriptions; site scanning. Analysis of descriptions for all types of products offered on the site; checking the effectiveness of the content - number of views, number of unique visitors, citations, rejection rate; entering information about keywords/phrases. Creating a map of keywords/phrases for the pages that are considered most significant; studying keywords. Analysis of query statistics for a list of keywords; integration of information from keywords. Determination of key phrases, the number of requests, information about the competition, entering information into the table; determining which content is missing.Definition of additional keywords and content corresponding to them; analysis of additional parameters of virtual pages. Research of popular and unpopular pages, pages with an increased level of risk (contain copied materials or information that does not cause any interest), improvement of publications; making recommendations. Selected software tools for site content analysis: Screaming Frog, XML-sitemaps.com, URL Profiler, Google Ads.
Audit of the Use of Budget Funds in the Field of Education
Authors:   State Tax University, Riabchuk Oksana
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Budget expenditures play one of the most important roles in the development of the state and society. After all, they are the basis for providing economic, cultural, social, administrative and other programs, creating general conditions for the development of market, international relations and other important areas of activity. Purpose. The aim of the article is justification of the need to improve the state financial audit of the use of budget funds in the field of education. Results. The article substantiates the importance of budget expenditures in the field of education as an important tool in educating future citizens, obtaining new knowledge, developing human capital and influencing the effectiveness of the development of the national economy as a whole. The need for a state financial audit of the effectiveness of their use under the relevant budget programs has been revealed. The expediency of improving the existing approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of budget programs is indicated. An analysis of the results of the audit study of the effectiveness of implementation of budget programs for personnel training by professional (vocational and technical) education institutions and institutions of vocational pre-higher education was carried out. The factors that negatively affected the effectiveness of the use of budget funds and state property under the studied programs were analyzed. Conclusions. The assessment of the effectiveness of implementation of budget programs in the field of education should become one of the priority tasks in the activities of the state financial control bodies of Ukraine. At the same time, the war in Ukraine made adjustments to the activities of state financial control bodies, as well as to all spheres of activity. Currently, forced and necessary changes are being implemented regarding the implementation of state financial control measures, including state financial audit, which are necessary for the functioning of state bodies. Since the introduction of martial law, the State Audit Service of Ukraine has been carrying out state financial audits under the conditions of the actual functioning of control objects, services and information platforms, the possibility of ensuring the life and health of employees. In addition, conducting an audit in some regions of Ukraine is currently impossible. However, despite the difficult situation in Ukraine, the State Audit Service continues to perform its functions and carry out measures of state financial control, in particular, conducting a state financial audit of the implementation of budget programs in the field of education
Prospects for the Development of Inter-Municipal Community Cooperation in Ukraine
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Serdiuk O. I.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Attention to the issues of inter-municipal cooperation of communities in Ukraine has been updated. Today, most territorial communities are subsidized, which does not allow them to implement important investment, in particular infrastructure, projects on their own. On the other hand, the communities do not have sufficient support from the central and regional authorities. In such conditions, inter-municipal community cooperation becomes a promising alternative for attracting internal resources for local economic development. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of a sociological study regarding the problems and perspectives and to substantiate on this basis proposals regarding the development of inter-municipal cooperation of territorial communities in Ukraine. Results. It was concluded that inter-municipal cooperation as an element of state policy today occupies a rather important place in the system of priorities for both socio-economic development and European integration of Ukraine. It is shown that Ukraine is characterized by a situation where decisions made by state administration bodies regarding the development of community cooperation do not fully take into account the real state of affairs in this area, as they are not based on deep knowledge of the subject to a sufficient extent. The results of an expert survey on problematic aspects and prospects for the development of inter-municipal cooperation of territorial communities in Ukraine are highlighted. Based on the results of the conducted expert survey (study of public opinion of residents of territorial communities, experts, representatives of public organizations, regional development agencies, scientists, entrepreneurs, employees of local state authorities and local self-government bodies) revealed negative prerequisites and obstacles to the development of intermunicipal cooperation. Conclusions. According to the results of the research, the priority measures that must be implemented in order to activate the cooperation of territorial communities are substantiated. Forms of implementation of cooperation of territorial communities are defined, in particular: (1) development of institutional elements of cooperation; (2) cross-border development of clusters on the territory of one of the two neighboring communities; (3) interregional development and implementation of joint projects in the spheres of economy and society.
Theoretical Provisions of Financial Security as a Component of the Economic Security of the Enterprise
Authors:   National University «Ostroh Academy», Tovpyk D. V.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The article examines the category «financial security of the enterprise» as a component of economic security. The work of domestic and foreign researchers on the issues of economic and financial security of enterprises is outlined. The importance of financial security in the conduct of business activities by enterprises is analyzed. Purpose. The uncoordinated actions of enterprise managers are also reinforced by such external factors of negative influence as hybrid crises, wars, the emergence of new viruses, not to mention the systematic threats of disturbances in the consumer and purchasing behavior of buyers, the entry of new competitors into the market, changes in tax and economic legislation, strategic goals managers of companies in the conditions of globalization, rapid technological progress, which can be difficult to catch up. A wide range of these factors can even lead to mass bankruptcy and liquidation of bankrupt economic entities. The answer to the challenges of today is to create such a financial security management mechanism, which will not only be effective here and now, but will also be adaptive to potential risks in the future. At the same time, at first glance, theoretical provisions remain unchanged and specialist scientists cannot derive new theories or interpretations of familiar terms related to financial security. However, in our opinion, the purpose, tasks and principles of building the financial security of the enterprise may also change, or more precisely, these components can no longer be universal and need to be expanded and modified depending on new circumstances. Results. The author's understanding of the concepts of "economic security" and "financial security" is presented. The authors characterized and systematized the key goals, tasks and principles of the organization of financial security of the enterprise. Conclusions. Based on the fact that new hybrid crises are emerging more and more often, as well as new management tools and methods, in particular in the financial and economic activities of enterprises, it was concluded that the list of tasks and the principle of financial security of the enterprise can be expanded. In particular, it is worth paying attention to the principles of legality, awareness and prevention when building an effective mechanism for managing the financial security of enterprises.
Insurance Development Priorities: Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Vyshnevska Olga
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The development of the insurance sector is related to the social needs and challenges of society and the global world. The practice of recent years proves that the field of insurance is changing the format of activity due to the expansion of the provision of personal and medical insurance services, taking into account the challenges of the pandemic. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess the essence and priorities of the development of the insurance sector, taking into account the practice of effective interaction between participants, increasing the level of trust and the needs of individuals and society in the protection of interests. The main task of the research is to identify opportunities and priorities in the development of insurance activities on the basis of corporate social responsibility and focusing on the trust of insurance market participants. Results. The author has researched the essence and priorities of the development of the field of insurance in view of global processes and phenomena, individual needs of the individual and obligations, health protection and risk bias. The significance of the development of corporate social responsibility in the insurance sector has been proven. The priority directions of the development of the insurance sector have been determined, taking into account international and European practices of interaction. The relevance of spreading systemic approaches to corporate social responsibility in the field of insurance is determined. It is stipulated that increasing the level of trust in insurance activity will contribute to the dynamics of the insurance market development and the socio-economic development of the state, individual regions, spheres of activity, will expand the possibilities of attracting investors and the implementation of social projects. Conclusions. The author states the need to use best practices in the field of insurance to ensure effective interaction between participants and increase the level of trust in the services of insurance companies. The priority of the value-oriented approach in the conduct of insurance activity was determined, taking into account the international practices of interaction between participants and society. The author proved that the implementation of tasks in the field of insurance can be supplemented by effective interaction between participants, which will contribute to increasing the level of trust in view of the existing trends and the need for the socioeconomic development of the state
ADVANTAGES OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AND THE STATE OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Butenko Vira , Yastrebov Pavlo
Published: March 2023

The advantages of implementing organic farming on the territory of Ukraine, the development of which is quite relevant even today, in wartime are considered in the article. The negative impact on the condition of agricultural lands due to the use of outdated agricultural technologies and non-compliance with the rules of agricultural activity was determined. It is noted that since the main elements of organic farming are a system of scientifically based soil cultivation, treatment of it as a renewable resource, introduction of permaculture technologies, mulching and other technologies, all this leads to an increase in soil fertility. The advantages of organic farming over traditional farming have been established, namely: environmental, consumer, economic, social, which are manifested mainly through the greening of production, changes in techniques and approaches to planting plants, replacement of traditional chemical fertilizers, poisons, pesticides with organic ones. The ecological advantages consist in preserving soil fertility and structure, reducing the phytopathogenic background, stopping soil degradation processes, and restoring biodiversity. Consumer benefits are mainly the improvement of quality characteristics of organically grown food products. Economic advantages are manifested in the increase in the efficiency of production of organic products, the growth of GDP and the level of employment. Social benefits include reducing the risk of various diseases.

An analysis of the dynamics of the main indicators of the development of organic agriculture in Ukraine was carried out, namely: the number of operators (producers) of organic products and the amount of land under organic production. A positive trend of growth in the number of producers of organic products and the area of land on which organic products are grown was noted.

Since organic farming contributes to the further strengthening of the ecological balance, its development is observed in more than 180 countries and plays an important role in achieving the goals of sustainable development. The identified advantages of organic farming form the need for the development of this field in Ukraine as well
Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound central lateral thalamotomy against chronic and therapy-resistant neuropathic pain: retrospective long-term follow-up analysis of 63 interventions
Authors: Gallay Marc N. , Magara Anouk E. , Moser David , Kowalski Milek , Kaeser Mélanie , Jeanmonod Daniel
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

Medial thalamotomies were introduced in the late 1940s. Pain relief was shown to be achieved for all body locations. With some exceptions, these early relatively small series showed frequent, more or less complete recurrence of the original pain. The posterior part of the central lateral nucleus in the human medial thalamus was identified in the 1990s using multiarchitectonic studies and intraoperative single-cell recordings and was confirmed as a surgical target. This retrospective patient series extended over 11 years. Its goal was to demonstrate the efficacy and risk profile of the MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) central lateral thalamotomy (CLT) against chronic and therapy-resistant neuropathic (i.e., neurogenic) pain.

METHODS

In this single-center, nonrandomized retrospective cross-sectional analysis of consecutive patients, 63 consecutive MRgFUS CLT interventions were performed in 55 patients.

RESULTS

The mean follow-up duration was 55 months. A total of 112 CLT targets were performed, and the CLT was applied bilaterally in 48 patients and contralateral to their pain in 7 patients. Repeat MRgFUS interventions were performed in 8 patients. One serious adverse event with numbness of the upper lip was recorded. The mean pain relief rated by patients was 42% ± 32% at 3 months, 43% ± 36% at 1 year, and 42% ± 37% at the last follow-up (n = 63). The proportions of cases with ≥ 30% pain relief were 65% at 3 months, 63% at 1 year, and 61% at the last follow-up. Good outcomes (≥ 50% pain relief) were found in 54% of patients at 3 months, 49% at 1 year, and 51% at the last follow-up. The reduction in mean VAS scores showed similar percentage reductions as those for pain relief (−41% for continuous pain and −49% for pain attacks) at the 1-year follow-up. The mean frequency of pain attacks was reduced by 92%. Allodynia was reduced or suppressed in 68% of patients and never appeared de novo after MRgFUS CLT.

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that MRgFUS CLT against neuropathic pain is a safe approach and its results are stable over time. At a mean follow-up duration of 55 months, the mean pain relief was 42% and more than 50% of patients still reported ≥ 50% pain relief. Patients with classical and idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia reported a higher mean pain relief compared with the whole patient group.
Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal influence on growth of cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) and alleviation of saline stress
Authors: MASENYA T. A. , MABILA S. W. , HLOPHE T. , LETSOALO M. L.
Published: March 2023

Lack of arable land on a global scale, agricultural malpractices and high soil salinity have prompted the development of alternative eco-friendly ways to increase crop production. The usage of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) has been reported to positively improve crop production under harsh soil conditions but no such effort has fixated on traditional underutilized crops such as cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens). Given its significance as a versatile remedial crop, it is critical to cultivate this plant and regulate the agronomic necessities for its effective cultivation. Therefore, two separate experiments were conducted at the University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa in 2021 and 2022, with an objective to investigate whether VAM will improve growth of cancer bush under saline soil conditions. Three weeks old cancer bush seedlings were planted in pots under microplot conditions. The in a 4 x 4 factorial treatmentarrangement in a randomized complete block design. The seedlings were grown in four geometric series of NaCl : CaCl2 (3 : 1) of artificial chloride salinity levels: 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 ds/m and four levels of VAM: 0,10, 20, and 30 g/pot, with four replications in the two successive years. At 60 days after initiation of treatments, dry root mass and number of branches were significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 1, with total treatment variation (TTV) of 11-17 and 9-34%, respectively of the variables. Dry shoot mass was significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 2, with TTV of 26-32%. In both the experiments, treatments had significant effects on soil EC, contributing 26-42% in TTV in Experiment 1, whereas in Experiment 2 the treatments contributed 4-76% in TTV of the respective variable. In conclusion, findings in the current study demonstrated that VAM in presence of salinity improved growth relative to plants under saline stress.
INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTICS, INTRODUCED IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE FEED SUBSTRATE, IN PARTICULAR HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF CARASSIUS GIBELIO BLOCH
Authors: Vasina L.M. , Starikova V.O. , Khuda L.V.
Published: March 2023

Significant anthropogenic influence, the emergence of a large number of pollutants of various origins create an adverse effect on the vital activities of organisms inhabiting water bodies. Often, the consequence of such impacts is a violation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota - the autochthonous specific water body and the one that forms the microbiocenosis of the organism of aquatic animals, which leads to the development of diseases. Recently, the number of studies indicating the positive effect of the use of probiotics as preventive, therapeu-tic agents and biological factors affecting water quality has been increasing. Probiotic microorganisms not only perform a protective function against pathogens through the production of short-chain fatty acids, bacteriocins, lyso-zyme, hydrogen peroxide, but also synthesize numerous enzymes and metabolites to provide digestive, regulatory, trophic, immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory functions. The range of studied probiotics is represented not only by microorganisms traditional for aquaculture (for example, Bacillus), but also by representatives of the genus Lacto-bacillus, the presence of which is recorded in individual biotopes of fish. We have studied the effect of Lactobacillus сasei probiotic microorganisms introduced into the feed on some individual hematological indicators of Carassius gibelio Bloch and analyzed changes in general behavioral indicators under the influence of modified feed. The effect of probiotics was studied after 15-day acclimatization of fish in aquariums.
It has been proven that the introduction of probiotics as part of the feed substrate for 28 days has a positive effect on rapid adaptation to external stress factors, stabilization and weight gain of fish, physiological state of external mucous membranes, behavior and general condition of fish, which may indirectly indicate the role of probiotics in mobilization of body systems in the event of a change in living conditions. An increase in the number of leukocytes, an increase in the level of phagocytic activity of neutrophils, in particular the phagocytic index, was noted, which con-firms the direct effect of probiotics in increasing the body's reactivity.
INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN SUPPLY ON THE ACCUMULATION OF BIOMASS AND LIPOPHILIC COMPOUNDS ACUTODESMUS DIMORPHUS (TURPIN) TSARENKO
Authors: Cheban L.M. , Serediuk A.G.
Published: March 2023

The work is devoted to the study of the influence of nitrogen supply on the accumulation of lipophilic compounds of Acutodesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Tsarenko. Acutodesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Tsarenko is a species of green algae of the Scenedesmaceae family. These are cynobial freshwater algae, which are representatives of water bodies of moderate latitudes. Nitrate supply is a key factor in the algae cultivation process. The conjugation of cellular processes of algae will depend on the amount of nitrogen in the nutrient medium. Nitrogen content is the dominant factor in the accumulation of lipophilic compounds in algae biomass. The effect of nitrate supply on the accumulation of biomass, the amount of proteins, lipids and carotenoids of A. dimorphus was determined. To simulate nitrogen deprivation, Yanovsky's medium with a reduced NaNO3 content was used. Janovsky's control medium contained 80 mg/L NaNO3 (100% nitrogen supply). In experimental versions of the environment, the amount of NaNO3 was reduced to 75%, 50% and 25%, respectively. A decrease in available nitrogen in the nutrient medium for A. dimorphus leads to an increase in the amount of triacylglycerols in algae cells. The highest indicator of the number of neutral lipids was noted at 50% and 25% nitrogen supply of A. dimorphus culture. Under conditions of nitrogen starvation, a decrease in the amount of total protein in A. dimorphus cells was noted, but this trend is not directly related to an increase in the amount of triacylglycerols. In order to obtain lipophilic compounds of A. dimorphus, it is recommended to use Yanovsky's medium with 25% NaNO3 content. Under these conditions, we obtain A. dimorphus biomass with an optimal content of triacylglycerols, carotenoids and protein.
HONEY BEE COLONY LOSSES IN45 UKRAINE: RESULTS AFTER THE WINTER OF 2020–2021
Authors: Fedoriak M. , Tymochko L. , Shkrobanets O. , Zhuk A. , Mikolaychuk V. , Deli O. , Podobivskiy S. , Kalynychenko O. , Melnychenko G. , Zarochentseva O. , Burkut V. , Sosnovskyi K.
Published: March 2023

The western honey bee (Apis mellifera L., Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a species of invaluable economic, agricultural and environmental importance. However, over the last decades, most countries around the world have faced serious problems of bee health and surviving. The purpose of this study was to analyze the success of A. mellifera colonies wintering in Ukraine (2020–2021). The research was conducted by interviewing practicing beekeepers according to a standardized protocol developed by the monitoring coordinators of the international association COLOSS.
The total losses of bee colonies after the winter of 2020–2021 in Ukraine was 15.18%, having increased 1.6 times compared to the last year (9.29%). The mortality rate (8.93%) also increased (after the winter of 2019-2020 it was 5.41%). The rate of fatal problems with the queens (4.58%) increased 2.1 times (after the winter of 2019-2020 - 2.19%), while losses due to natural disasters did not change (1.7%).
The highest total losses were recorded in the mixed forest and steppe zones: 23.7% and 21.6% respectively. Mor-tality varied in different physiographic zones from 7.22% to 12.79%; losses due to queen problems ranged from 2.79% to 12.01%. For the first time we found that the loss rate due to queen problems (12.01%) prevails over the mor-tality rate (10.34%) in the mixed forest zone. Significantly higher losses were found in small apiaries (24.63%) com-pared to medium and large (15.29% and 9.80% respectively).
The number of beekeepers who treated their colonies for varroosis increased (97.38% compared to 90.6% after the winter of 2019-2020). 15.34% of the respondents treated colonies without prior monitoring and 1.62% of respond-ents, on the contrary, only monitored but did not treat their colonies. 0.87% of beekeepers did not monitor or treat the colonies. The majority of respondents chose drugs based on amitraz (fumigation – 39.95%, plates – 22.54%) and flumethrin (17.29%). Ukrainian beekeepers reduce using of folk remedies for varroosis (2.18% before the winter of 2020-2021, 3.60% – before the winter of 2019-2020 and 6.65% – before the winter of 2018-2019).
ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF WATERS BY THE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ZOOPLANKTON AND PHYTOPLANKTON
Authors: Zakharenko M.O. , Kurbatova I.M. , Poliakovskyi V.M.
Published: March 2023

Presented the results of studies of macrophytes, zooplankton and phytoplankton and the chemical composition of water polluted by sewage from a livestock enterprise and a conditionally clean pond. It was established that changes in the chemical composition of water after entering the reservoir of wastewater from a livestock enterprise due to an increase in the concentration of mineral and ammonium nitrogen, sodium ions, a decrease in the content of calcium and magnesium ions and hydrogen carbonate ions, at constant values of the pH indicator, total mineralization, potas-sium ions, chlorides and sulfates. Compared to a conditionally clean reservoir, it became polluted with sewage and was characterized by the intensive development of higher aquatic plants, a smaller number of zooplankton species, and its abundance and biomass underwent changes due to a decrease in the number of rotifers (Rotatoria) and an increase in the number of spiny (Sladocera) and copepods (Copepoda) crustaceans. Studies of the species composi-tion, number and biomass of phytoplankton in a pond polluted with wastewater from a livestock enterprise estab-lished the predominance of euglena algae over other species in the reservoir, a significant increase in the number of blue-green (Cyanophyta) and diatom (Bacillariophyta) algae in biomass, the presence of small-celled flagellates with department of cryptophytic and bacterial-fungal accumulations, in contrast to a conditionally clean water body.
A conclusion was drawn on the expediency of using the species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton, as well as individual indicators of the chemical composition of water as criteria for assessing the ecological state of ponds located in the area of activity of livestock enterprises when polluted by sewage.
INFLUENCE OF BISPHENOL A AND PROBIOTIC-CONTAINING FEED
CARASSIUS GIBELIO BLOCH INDICATES SEPARATELY
Authors: Vasina L.M. , Khuda L.V.
Published: March 2023

One of the most common pollutants of water bodies is bisphenol A (BPA), a plastic monomer used to synthesize polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and thermal paper (Barboza L. et. al., 2020). BPA enters freshwater and marine ecosystems as a result of leaching from BPA-based composites, as well as with water discharges from manufacturing plants, wastewater treatment plants and landfills. BPA is characterized by a low accumulation potential in freshwater environments, a short half-life under aerobic conditions, but due to the continuity of exposure, it is a serious problem (Wu N. C., Seebacher F., 2020). The ways BPA enters the fish body are diverse: through the digestive tract, gills, skin. Numerous studies have shown the adverse effects of BPA on the behavioral and morpho-physiological parameters of fish, including swimming patterns, coordination of movements, appetite, and dysfunction of many systems (endocrine, reproductive, nervous).
It is possible to prevent the negative effects of hunting through the prophylactic use of agents that enhance the overall reactivity of the body. In this sense, our attention was drawn to probiotics - microorganisms that have a stimu-lating effect on the development of indigenous microflora, have a high antagonistic, synthetic, immunomodulatory, regulatory potential. We have studied the effect of bisphenol A and probiotic microorganisms Lactobacillus casei, introduced in the feed, on certain indicators of Carassius gibelio Bloch (general behavioral reactions, certain mor-pho-physiological parameters, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of erythrocytes and leukocytes). The study was carried out after 15-day acclimatization of fish in aquariums at a water temperature of 14°C, appropriate aera-tion regime and 16-hour photoperiod.
It was found that 96-hour exposure to bisphenol A at a concentration of 1.5 mg/l causes darkening of the skin, in-creased mucus secretion, uncharacteristic motor activity, the appearance of unusual morphotypes of red blood cells, a slight increase in the number of leukocytes, and a decrease in the phagocytic activity of Carassius gibelio Bloch. Preventive introduction of probiotic cultures in the feed contributed to the correction of behavioral reactions and individual hematological parameters