bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Optical Study of the Black Widow Population
Authors: Kandel D. , Romani Roger W.
Published: December 2022

The optical study of the heated substellar companions of black widow (BW) millisecond pulsars (MSPs) provides unique information on the MSP particle and radiation output and on the neutron star mass. Here we present an analysis of optical photometry and spectroscopy of a set of relatively bright BWs, many newly discovered in association with Fermi γ-ray sources. Interpreting the optical data requires sophisticated models of the companion heating. We provide a uniform analysis, selecting the preferred heating model and reporting on the companion masses and radii, the pulsar heating power, and neutron star mass. The substellar companions are substantially degenerate, with average densities 15–30× Solar, but are inflated above their zero temperature radii. We find evidence that the most extreme recycled BW pulsars have both large >0.8M
⊙ accreted mass and low <108G magnetic fields. Examining a set of heavy BWs, we infer that neutron star masses larger than 2.19M
⊙ (1σ confidence) or 2.08M
⊙ (3σ confidence) are required; these bounds exclude all but the stiffest equations of state in standard tabulations.
Clinical utilization of radiation therapy in Korea between 2017 and 2019
Authors: Kim Eunji , Jang Won Il , Yang Kwangmo , Kim Mi-Sook , Yoo Hyung Jun , Paik Eun Kyung , Kim Heejin , Yoon Jaesun ,   Informatics Committee of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical infrastructure and utilization of radiotherapy (RT) services in Korea between 2017 and 2019. Materials and Methods: We extracted the data of patients who underwent RT between 2017 and 2019 from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. We further analyzed this data according to the diagnosis and treatment modalities of patients diagnosed with International Classification of Disease 10 (ICD-10) diagnostic codes C00–C97 and D00–D48. In addition, we collected statistics on RT facilities in Korea using a nationwide survey.Results: The total number of patients who received RT in 2017, 2018, and 2019 were 77,901, 81,849, and 87,460, respectively. The number of patients diagnosed with ICD 10 C- and D-codes in 2019 was 86,339, of whom 39,467 were men and 46,872 women. The rate of utilization of RT among cancer patients was 30.4% in 2017 and 2018 and 30.9% in 2019. In 2019, the most common types of cancers treated with RT were breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, and liver cancers. Regarding the RT infrastructure in Korea, there were 95 radiation oncology centers, 237 megavoltage (MV) teletherapy units, 35 brachytherapy units, and two proton accelerators in 2019. There were 4.5 MV teletherapy machines per million.Conclusion: The number of patients treated with RT has increased consistently from 2017 to 2019. As the number of patients with cancer increases, it is expected that the RT infrastructure will be further expanded in Korea.
Metabolic disturbances during treatment with second generation antipsychotics
Authors: Manusheva Nensi , Babinkostova Zoja , Arsova Slavica , Hadjihamza Kadri , Naumovska Andromahi , Markovic Snezana
Published: December 2022

Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) cause side effects through weight gain, dyslipidemias (cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia) as well as affected glucose homeostasis in terms of hyperglycemia,insulin resistance and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic changes in patients treated with SGA. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of 50 patients treated with SGA (olanzapine, clozapine, risperidone, quetiapine, aripiprazole) at the PHI University Clinic of Psychiatry who met the relevant ICD-10 criteria. The following parameters were monitored: history and clinical examination, blood pressure and pulse, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S), dose of prescribed SGA,as well as: fasting glycemia, lipid status, HDL, LDL, glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1C). The parameters were determined at the beginning and after three months of treatment. Results: The subjects in terms of the criteria of metabolic syndrome were: 64% with a larger waist circumference, 53.2% with an increase in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure, 31.3% with a BMI>30, and 39% with an increase in glycaemia and reduced HDL values ​​at 23.4%. Also,18% of the respondents met three or more criteria. Statistical analysis of the differences in the analyzed parameters showed statistically significant differences for the CGI-S score (p = 0.00007) and for the diastolic pressure (p = 0.038). Correlation of equivalent doses of SGA with BMI (r = -0.637) was obtained. Discussion: The study confirmed presence of metabolic disorders in patients treated with SGA. Although there was no significant difference of metabolic syndrome parameters in relation to the general population, a correlation with BMI has been established. Conclusion: This study showed that patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics should be monitored during their treatment for the parameters of the metabolic syndrome, particularly BMI.
The Role of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Prediction of Heart Failure in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Tran An Viet , Tran Nguyet To , Nguyen Khue Duy , Huynh An Tuan , Nguyen Diem Thi , Nguyen Khuong Duy , Nguyen Thang , Tran Van De , Dewey Rebecca Susan
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Heart failure, where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, significantly affects patient quality of life and impacts national health-care services. Acute coronary syndrome is a common underlying cause of acute heart failure. Neutrophil gelatinase-binding lipocalin (NGAL) and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are biomarkers released during myocardial injury. Thus, the measured levels of these chemicals may be associated with heart failure events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

AIM: The present study determined the serum levels and measured increases in NGAL and NT-proBNP, as well as recorded heart failure events in patients with acute coronary syndrome in Vietnam.

METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional method was used to recruit 58 patients with acute coronary syndrome and assess the degree to which the two markers could predict ejection fraction (EF).

RESULTS: The median values of NGAL and NT-proBNP concentrations in the group with EF ≥40% (7.14 ng/mL and 952.00 pg/mL) were significantly lower than those with EF <40% (166.10 ng/mL and 27,498.00 pg/mL). NGAL was used to predict heart failure events at a threshold of 94.86 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 83.3%, a specificity of 90.4%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83. Similarly, NT-proBNP predicted heart failure events at a threshold of 8660.5 pg/mL with a sensitivity of 83.3%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an AUC of 0.79.

CONCLUSIONS: Serum NGAL and NT-proBNP levels can be used as reliable biomarkers for predicting heart failure events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Hydro-implantation versus Visco-implantation of Intraocular Lenses and Fluid Load Effect on Corneal Endothelial Cells after Uneventful Phacoemulsification
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed-Aly , Salama Omar Hassan , Sofy Mahmoud , Mohamed Sanaa Ahmed , Elmahdy Ahmed Gomaa
Published: December 2022

AIM: The purpose of the study was to study the effect of implantation method and fluid load (aspiration time, aspiration volume) on corneal endothelium in uneventful phacoemulsification surgeries.

METHODS: This study was a prospective and interventional study involved 77 eyes, 50−81 years, divided into three groups according to implantation method (on Saline, Healon, or Methylcellulose). Specular microscope analysis of corneal endothelial parameters: Cell density (CD), central corneal thickness (CCT), coefficient of variation (CV), and Hexagonality (HEX) were done before and 3 months after surgery.

RESULTS: A total of 77 eyes with cataracts were studied, and there was a significant increase in CCT and CV with a decrease in CD and HEX in all three groups. On comparing the same parameters between the three groups, there were insignificant differences regarding CCT and HEX changes. Although there was a significant change in CD, the highest loss was in the Healon group (median −0.138), followed by the Saline group (median −0.118), and the lowest was in the Methyl group (median −0.075). There was a significant change in CV, showing the highest increase in the Healon group (median 0.16129) followed by the Saline group (median 0.13307) and the lowest in the Methyl group (median 0.1266). There was a non-significant change in all corneal parameters among cases in each group with different aspiration volumes and times.

CONCLUSION: Endothelial cell loss was lowest with Methyl followed by saline, and highest with Healon implantation. Fluidics had an insignificant effect in the three groups. Saline implantation was comparable to Healon, with an insignificant difference in CD loss.
Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Intra-articular Injection of Chondroitin Sulfate and Sodium Hyaluronate in Mechanically Induced Temporomandibular Joint Injury in Rabbits
Authors: Elsayed Lubna K. , Elsharrawy Eman , Elsholkamy Mohammed , Tawfik Mona K.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Degenerative arthritis is the most common form of arthritis, usually affecting the hands, feet, spine, knees, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as well. TMJ degenerative arthritis causes symptoms of painful joints, loss of joint function, limited mouth opening, joint instability, and clicking. Non-surgical symptomatic treatments can successfully be used to treat patients with degenerative arthritis.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of intra-articular injection of chondroitin sulfate and sodium hyaluronate in mechanically induced acute injury in TMJ of rabbits.

METHODS: An animal study was conducted, all rabbits received a mechanical injury using a contra-angle handpiece with a speed of 120 rpm of a fissure bur 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth extending to subchondral bone. Thirty-two rabbits were randomized into four groups: Control group, sodium hyaluronate “SH” group, chondroitin sulfate “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group. After 7 days, rabbits in the control group, “SH” group, “CS” group, and “CS-SH” group were respectively treated with normal saline, sodium hyaluronate, chondroitin sulfate, or combination of CS&SH injection in the TMJ. All animals were treated once weekly for 3 weeks. A histological evaluation was performed.

RESULTS: Histological findings showed a significantly reduced inflammatory cell, bone resorption, and fibrosis in the CS-HA-treated group.

CONCLUSION: CS-SH injection has an anti-inflammatory effect on TMJ degenerative arthritis and aids in the reparative process.
Editorial
Authors: Gütl Christian
Published: December 2022

Dear Readers,

At the end of this year, it gives me great pleasure to announce the tenth regular issue of 2022. In this issue, various topical aspects of computer science are covered in 4 articles by 10 authors from 4 countries in 4 articles. I would like to thank all the authors for their sound research papers and the editorial board for the highly valuable review effort and comments for improvement. These contributions, together with the generous support of the consortium members, sustain the quality of our journal. I am looking forward to continuing my work as Managing Editor-in-Chief with the J.UCS community.

In an ongoing effort to further strengthen our journal, I would like to expand the editorial board: If you are a tenured associate professor or above with a strong publication record, you are welcome to apply to join our editorial board. We are also interested in high-quality proposals for special issues on new topics and trends. Please consider yourself and encourage your colleagues to submit high-quality articles or special issue proposals for our journal.

In this regular issue, I am very pleased to introduce the following 4 accepted articles: Nibras Othman Abdulwahid, Sana Fakhfakh and Ikram Amous from Tunisia present their research and proposal for simulating and predicting students’ academic performance based on two models, the seven-subject, one-grade, one-output (SOO) and the seven-subject, twelve-year, seven-output (STS) model. Jorge R. Quiñones and Antonio J. Fernández-Leiva from Spain introduce their approach to automated video gaming parameter tuning based on an extension of XVGDL, a language for specifying video games. Jarashanth Selvarajah and Ruwan Nawarathna from Sri Lanka build an automated drug monitoring and surveillance system for social media based on embedding-level attention, convolutional neural networks (CNN), and bidirectional gated recurrent units (BiGRU). Marko Zekan, Igor Tomičić and Markus Schatten from Croatia discuss their research of an improved Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) applying a novel semi-supervised EC-GAN method for network flow classification.

Season greetings to all of you, relaxing holidays and ‘Enjoy Reading’!
La mise en valeur du patrimoine littéraire de Jane Austen. « Janeites » et médiation culturelle
Authors: Bourdaa Mélanie
Published: December 2022

Cet article se propose d’analyser, grâce aux cultural studies et aux fan studies, d’une part la manière dont des institutions culturelles et maisons d’écrivains créent des médiations pour attirer des fans-touristes, et d’autre part comment les fans s’organisent pour mettre en valeur une oeuvre littéraire et pour la faire circuler dans la sphère publique grâce à leur créativité et leurs productions. Nous prendrons comme exemple l’oeuvre de Jane Austen. Notre méthodologie sera double : nous analyserons des discours des fans et leur mise en récit sur Internet (fan fictions, sites Internet, webséries) et hors ligne (sociétés littéraires et festivals), et nous étudierons les médiations de la ville de Bath et de la Jane Austen house. Nous verrons ainsi comment se construit une médiation littéraire et en quoi les fans peuvent jouer le rôle de médiateurs culturels, jusquelà dévolu aux institutions culturelles traditionnelles.
En contexte de proche aidance, la personne maltraitée n’est pas toujours celle que l’on pense !
Authors: Éthier Sophie , Andrianova Anna , Beaulieu Marie , Perroux Mélanie , Boisclair France , Guilbeault Christiane
Published: December 2022

La lutte contre la maltraitance envers les aînés fait l’objet d’une reconnaissance politique au Québec depuis 2010. Le rôle de proche aidant, quant à lui, a été reconnu par l’adoption d’une loi en 2020. Mais qu’en est-il du phénomène à l’intersection de la maltraitance et de la proche aidance, soit la maltraitance envers les personnes aînées proches aidantes et les personnes proches aidantes d’aînés ? Ce phénomène reste à ce jour très peu abordé dans les écrits et dans les politiques. Cet article vise à mettre en lumière les différentes formes de maltraitance envers les personnes proches aidantes identifiées dans notre recherche-action. Après avoir brièvement présenté la recherche sur laquelle s’appuient les résultats, il s’agira, dans un deuxième temps, de faire état de la situation de cette maltraitance spécifique dans les écrits. Ensuite seront exemplifiées les sept formes de maltraitance envers les proches aidants identifiées par les participants de notre recherche. La discussion permettra de situer nos résultats dans le contexte des législations au Québec dans le domaine de la proche aidance et de la maltraitance.
Lutte contre la maltraitance des aînés en Suisse : bilan et analyse critique
Authors: Roulet Schwab Delphine
Published: December 2022

La lutte contre la maltraitance envers les personnes âgées a commencé à se développer en Suisse il y a une vingtaine d’années. Bien que les mesures spécifiques restent rares et soient portées essentiellement par le domaine associatif, de nombreux programmes et plans d’actions contribuent indirectement à la prévention. Cet article présente un aperçu général du dispositif actuel de lutte contre la maltraitance envers les aînés en Suisse et propose une perspective critique sur ses forces et ses lacunes. Il se base sur l’analyse de différents documents (rapports gouvernementaux, rapports de recherche, articles scientifiques, articles professionnels, textes de lois, etc.). L’analyse met en évidence la richesse et la diversité du dispositif suisse, mais également les défis liés au fédéralisme et au plurilinguisme. Elle souligne en particulier les disparités importantes entre les cantons et les régions linguistiques, le manque de collaboration entre réseaux professionnels en lien avec les domaines du vieillissement et des violences domestiques, l’inadéquation des ressources d’aide et de soutien aux besoins des victimes et des auteurs de violences âgés, ainsi que le manque de visibilité et de cohérence des mesures actuelles de prévention et de lutte contre la maltraitance envers les personnes âgées. Elle relève finalement la reconnaissance récente accordée à la problématique par la Confédération suisse.
La carrière vagabonde
Authors: Julien Florian
Published: December 2022

En considérant le vagabondage comme une déviance, au sens de Howard S. Becker, cet article s’intéresse à l’usage du délit de vagabondage pour réprimer les déviances urbaines au xix e  siècle. L’étude des sources judiciaires et policières d’une agglomération moyenne, la ville d’Amiens, permet de suivre isolément certains cas, durant les années 1830 et 1840. Apparaît alors un ensemble de marginaux urbains, sans domicile fixe et pourtant presque sédentaires, car fortement liés à une ville en particulier. Les modes de sociabilité vagabonde, les étapes constitutives de ces carrières déviantes et les formes de résistance et d’adaptation à la répression de ce qui demeure avant tout un délit sont ici éclairés. Finalement, en dépeignant leur quotidien, cet article brosse un portrait de ces marginaux du xix e  siècle, à rebours des représentations traditionnelles de l’errant rural ou du clochard parisien.
Les conditions sociales d’une assistance « sans condition »
Authors: Aranda Mauricio
Published: December 2022

Période de croissance économique et de renforcement de la protection sociale des salariés, les Trente Glorieuses constituent aussi une phase de redéfinition des liens entre pouvoirs publics et associations autour d’un hébergement de réadaptation sociale pour les marginaux. Comment comprendre que, dans ce contexte, des œuvres veuillent maintenir des asiles de nuit gérés de manière autonome, au lieu de bénéficier des subsides et de la reconnaissance de l’État ? L’article analyse les conditions sociales autorisant celles-ci à persévérer dans une charité privée, dite sans condition. En étudiant le cas de La Mie de Pain, œuvre emblématique de l’aide aux sans-abri, l’objectif consiste à montrer la manière par laquelle toute une chaîne d’interdépendances, reliant donateurs, bénévoles et accueillis, permet à cette assistance d’exister aux marges de l’action publique. Ce n’est qu’à la fin de la période que ce type d’accueil à la nuitée reçoit des subventions et le nom d’hébergement d’urgence.
De chrétiens à professionnels
Authors: Schlegel Vianney
Published: December 2022

À partir d’une monographie de l’Association baptiste pour l’entraide et la jeunesse (Abej), association lilloise précocement investie dans le traitement de la « question SDF », cet article analyse les processus qui ont nourri la professionnalisation de la prise en charge des personnes sans domicile en France. Issue d’une communauté de vie baptiste, l’Abej s’impose rapidement comme un acteur de référence en matière de traitement des situations d’exclusion. Son développement s’opère à travers un ensemble de changements qui affectent le milieu associatif, le secteur médico-social, et celui de la lutte contre la pauvreté à partir du milieu des années 1970. Ce développement est concomitant de la formation d’un système de prise en charge dédié aux personnes sans domicile, de sorte que le cas de l’Abej fournit un éclairage original des processus qui y ont participé. L’article montre enfin la reconfiguration identitaire de l’association : sans que son identité religieuse ne disparaisse, elle s’estompe au profit d’une reconnaissance croissante de son professionnalisme.
Initier la PrEP en médecine de ville et envisager la santé sexuelle des personnes en situation de migration
Authors: Ahouanto-Chaspoul Marie , Linard Françoise , Giannotti Agnès , Viomesnil Vanessa , Phammavanh Jacques , Vanlerberghe Franck , Segouin Christophe
Published: December 2022

En juin 2020, 32 000 personnes avaient initié une prophylaxie préexposition au VIH (PrEP) en France. L’objectif de ce travail est de proposer la PrEP à la population des migrants en cabinets de ville en collaboration avec l’hôpital. Il se déroule à Paris dans le quartier de la Goutte-d’Or où plus d’un tiers des habitants est né à l’étranger [1]. La maison de santé pluridisciplinaire (MSP) et multisites Goutte-d’Or, composée de professionnels de santé libéraux a accueilli cette étude. Les obstacles à surmonter sont nombreux, notamment aborder la sexualité et présenter une méthode de prévention peu connue des personnes en situation de migration. De surcroît, la primoprescription d’antirétroviraux (ARV) à cette période devait être faite par un médecin hospitalier (jusqu’au 1 er  juin 2021) [2]. L’hypothèse de travail est que les médecins traitants peuvent surmonter ces obstacles dans le cadre d’un protocole définissant les échanges sur la sexualité et l’organisation d’une consultation PrEP conjointe médecin traitant/médecin hospitalier dans les murs des cabinets de ville. L’étude s’est déroulée du 1 er  mars 2018 au 31 octobre 2020, 180 questionnaires concernant l’opportunité de la PrEP ont été administrés par les médecins traitants (MT) et la sage-femme de la MSP. Au total, 43 personnes ont été identifiées comme pouvant bénéficier de la PrEP ; 24 PrEP ont été prescrites, 23 en continu et une à la demande. Un entretien semi-directif en santé sexuelle a été proposé aux 43 personnes pressenties pour une consultation PrEP. Les entretiens approfondis confirment que si la santé sexuelle n’est pas la première demande des consultants, il existe cependant de réels besoins non pris en compte le plus souvent.
Burnout syndrome chez les internes en médecine marocains
Authors: El Bouri Hicham , Kamal Benslimane Ibtissam , Nani Samira
Published: December 2022

Introduction : Les internes en médecine sont soumis à un stress chronique dû aux longues heures de travail, de privation de sommeil et de temps de loisirs pouvant engendrer un burnout . L’objectif de cette étude était d’estimer la prévalence du burnout chez les internes en médecine du CHU de Casablanca et d’en étudier les facteurs de risque. Méthodes : Nous avons mené une étude transversale, au cours du mois de mars 2017, auprès des internes en médecine du CHU de Casablanca. L’exploration du burnout a été réalisée grâce au Maslash Burnout Inventory . Les données ont été recueillies grâce à un auto-questionnaire. La saisie et l’analyse des données ont été réalisées grâce au logiciel SPSS version 16.0. Résultats : La prévalence du burnout était de 90 %. Les variables qui y étaient statistiquement associées étaient le sexe féminin (p=0,024) et la somnolence diurne excessive (p=0,025) pour la composante « Épuisement Émotionnel », et le nombre d’heures de travail pour la composante « Accomplissement Personnel » (p=0,05). Conclusions : Cette enquête a révélé un taux inquiétant de burnout auprès des internes en médecine. Des actions préventives devraient être entreprises pour préserver la santé mentale de cette population à haut risque de burnout .
Lie algebras with differential operators of any weights
Authors: Li Yizheng , Wang Dingguo
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we define a cohomology theory for differential Lie algebras of any weight. As applications of the cohomology, we study abelian extensions and formal deformations of differential Lie algebras of any weight. Finally, we consider homotopy differential operators on $ \mathrm{L}_{\infty} $ algebras and 2-differential operators of any weight on Lie 2-algebras, and we prove that the category of 2-term $ \mathrm{L}_{\infty} $ algebras with homotopy differential operators of any weight is same as the category of Lie 2-algebras with 2-differential operators of any weight.
Methods to find strength of job competition among candidates under single-valued neutrosophic soft model
Authors: Shahzadi Sundas , Rasool Areen , Santos-García Gustavo
Published: December 2022

Neutrosophic soft set theory is one of the most developed interdisciplinary research areas, with multiple applications in various fields such as computational intelligence, applied mathematics, social networks, and decision science. In this research article, we introduce the powerful framework of single-valued neutrosophic soft competition graphs by integrating the powerful technique of single-valued neutrosophic soft set with competition graph. For dealing with different levels of competitive relationships among objects in the presence of parametrization, the novel concepts are defined which include single-valued neutrosophic soft k-competition graphs and  p-competition single-valued neutrosophic soft graphs. Several energetic consequences are presented to obtain strong edges of the above-referred graphs. The significance of these novel concepts is investigated through application in professional competition and also an algorithm is developed to address this decision-making problem.
A numerical study of COVID-19 epidemic model with vaccination and diffusion
Authors: Alshehri Ahmed , Ullah Saif
Published: December 2022

The coronavirus infectious disease (or COVID-19) is a severe respiratory illness. Although the infection incidence decreased significantly, still it remains a major panic for human health and the global economy. The spatial movement of the population from one region to another remains one of the major causes of the spread of the infection. In the literature, most of the COVID-19 models have been constructed with only temporal effects. In this paper, a vaccinated spatio-temporal COVID-19 mathematical model is developed to study the impact of vaccines and other interventions on the disease dynamics in a spatially heterogeneous environment. Initially, some of the basic mathematical properties including existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness of the diffusive vaccinated models are analyzed. The model equilibria and the basic reproductive number are presented. Further, based upon the uniform and non-uniform initial conditions, the spatio-temporal COVID-19 mathematical model is solved numerically using finite difference operator-splitting scheme. Furthermore, detailed simulation results are presented in order to visualize the impact of vaccination and other model key parameters with and without diffusion on the pandemic incidence. The obtained results reveal that the suggested intervention with diffusion has a significant impact on the disease dynamics and its control.
Impact of grape polyphenols on Akkermansia muciniphila and the gut barrier
Authors: Mezhibovsky Esther , Wu Yue , Bawagan Fiona G. , Tveter Kevin M. , Szeto Samantha , Roopchand Diana
Published: December 2022

A healthy gastrointestinal tract functions as a highly selective barrier, allowing the absorption of nutrients and metabolites while preventing gut bacteria and other xenobiotic compounds from entering host circulation and tissues. The intestinal epithelium and intestinal mucus provide a physical first line of defense against resident microbes, pathogens and xenotoxic compounds. Prior studies have indicated that the gut microbe Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-metabolizer, can stimulate intestinal mucin thickness to improve gut barrier integrity. Grape polyphenol (GP) extracts rich in B-type proanthocyanidin (PAC) compounds have been found to increase the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, suggesting that PACs alter the gut microbiota to support a healthy gut barrier. To further investigate the effect of GPs on the gut barrier and A. muciniphila, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) with or without 1% GPs (HFD-GP, LFD-GP) for 12 weeks. Compared to the mice fed unsupplemented diets, GP-supplemented mice showed increased relative abundance of fecal and cecal A. muciniphila, a reduction in total bacteria, a diminished colon mucus layer and increased fecal mucus content. GP supplementation also reduced the presence of goblet cells regardless of dietary fat. Compared to the HFD group, ileal gene expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (Lbp), an acute-phase protein that promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, was reduced in the HFD-GP group, suggesting reduced LPS in circulation. Despite depletion of the colonic mucus layer, markers of inflammation (Ifng, Il1b, Tnfa, and Nos2) were similar among the four groups, with the exception that ileal Il6 mRNA levels were lower in the LFD-GP group compared to the LFD group. Our findings suggest that the GP-induced increase in A. muciniphila promotes redistribution of the intestinal mucus layer to the intestinal lumen, and that the GP-induced decrease in total bacteria results in a less inflammatory intestinal milieu.
Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA from pig bile collected at a slaughterhouse in Japan
Authors: Uema Masashi , Yonemitsu Kenzo , Sasaki Yoshimasa , Asakura Hiroshi
Published: December 2022

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen that circulates mainly between pigs and humans. In Japan, the number of confirmed HEV cases has increased over the past decade, with the majority reported as domestic HEV infections. HEV-infected pork products may be associated with this increase, but there is limited information on HEV in pork in Japanese markets.

From February to March 2020, gallbladders were collected from 200 slaughtered pigs shipped from 14 farms and were surveyed to detect HEV RNA in bile using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The samples were then sequenced and genotyped.

Twenty pigs were positive for HEV ribonucleic acid, and seven samples had Ct values of less than 30. Among these 20 pigs, virus strains from 14 pigs were determined as genotype 3. This report indicated that HEV-contaminated pork liver was shipped to consumer markets and demonstrated the importance of detection of HEV in meat ready for shipment.
Comparing the number of ideals in quadratic number fields
Authors: Wang Qian , Han Xue
Published: December 2022

Denote by $ a_{K}(n) $ the number of integral ideals in $ K $ with norm $ n $, where $ K $ is a algebraic number field of degree $ m $ over the rational field $ \mathcal{Q} $. Let $ p $ be a prime number. In this paper, we prove that, for two distinct quadratic number fields $ K_i = \mathcal{Q}(\sqrt{d_i}), \ i = 1, 2 $, the sets both

   \begin{document}$ \{p\ |\ a_{K_1}(p)< a_{K_2}(p)\} \text{ and } \{p\ |\ a_{K_1}(p^2)< a_{K_2}(p^2)\} $\end{document}

have analytic density $ 1/4 $, respectively.
Repensando el capital social en la era digital y en sociedades diversas
Authors: Gil de Zúñiga Homero , Mateos Araceli , Inguanzo Isabel
Published: December 2022

Este artículo introduce el volumen monográfico que lleva por título ‘Capital Social en Democracia: Una Perspectiva de la Influencia del Capital Social en Sociedades Diversas’. En primer lugar, este artículo captura brevemente y con una mirada temática amplia, las distintas acepciones y operacionalizaciones de Capital Social, y cómo se ha introducido el constructo a través de diferentes disciplinas. El artículo también explica el devenir del Capital Social dentro del contexto de internet y las redes sociales, así como desgrana nuevos actores y temas en torno a esta materia. Finalmente, se incluye una sección donde se integran los resúmenes de cada uno de los estudios que componen este monográfico.
Aesthetic Commitments and Aesthetic Obligations
Authors: Cross Anthony
Published: December 2022

Resolving to finish reading a novel, staying true to your punk style, or dedicating your life to an artistic project: these are examples of aesthetic commitments. I develop an account of the nature of such commitments, and I argue that they are significant insofar as they help us manage the temporally extended nature of our aesthetic agency and our relationships with aesthetic objects. At the same time, focusing on aesthetic commitments can give us a better grasp on the nature of aesthetic normativity; this is because, in making aesthetic commitments, we are capable of giving aesthetic concerns the weight of obligation. I argue that appealing to aesthetic commitments allows us to account for the existence of aesthetic obligations as well as their grounding. I conclude by arguing that, although the aesthetic domain is a domain of play and freedom of choice, there is nevertheless an important place in it for both aesthetic commitments and the aesthetic obligations they generate.
The Necessity of Commensuration Bias in Grant Peer Review
Authors: Heesen Remco
Published: December 2022

Peer reviewers at many funding agencies and scientific journals are asked to score submissions both on individual criteria and overall. The overall scores should be some kind of aggregate of the criteria scores. Carole Lee identifies this as a potential locus for bias to enter the peer review process, which she calls commensuration bias. Here I view the aggregation of scores through the lens of social choice theory. I argue that, when reviewing grant proposals, it is in many cases impossible to avoid commensuration bias.
Bad Concepts, Bilateral Contents
Authors: Deigan Michael
Published: December 2022

I argue that one need not be an inferentialist in order to model inconsistent concepts, contrary to what some have thought. Representationalists can do so by adopting a form of bilateralism about contents. It remains unclear, however, why conceptual inconsistency would constitute a defect to be eliminated, rather than a vindication of dialetheism to be embraced. I suggest some answers to explore that involve accepting a descriptive form of dialetheism but denying its normative forms.
Convergence, Community, and Force in Aesthetic Discourse
Authors: Riggle Nick
Published: December 2022

Philosophers often characterize discourse in general as aiming at some sort of convergence (in beliefs, plans, dispositions, feelings, etc.), and many views about aesthetic discourse in particular affirm this thought. I argue that a convergence norm does not govern aesthetic discourse. The conversational dynamics of aesthetic discourse suggest that typical aesthetic claims have directive force. I distinguish between dynamic and illocutionary force and develop related theories of each for aesthetic discourse. I argue that the illocutionary force of aesthetic utterances is typically invitational because its dynamic force is influenced by a ‘communal’ discourse norm. I draw on dynamic pragmatics to develop a formal account of this dynamic force that explains why invitation has pride of place in aesthetic conversation. It turns out that the end of aesthetic discourse is not convergence but a distinctive form of community, a kind of harmony of individuality, that is compatible with aesthetic disagreement. If this is right, then convergence theories of aesthetic and normative discourse, and of conversation in general, need to be revised.
Virtual Ancillary Faculty
Authors: Doyle Lori B. , Tarbutton Tanya M.
Published: December 2022

Virtual ancillary faculty are instrumental in delivering online instruction and fostering student success across higher education institutions. Program directors should create models of support using performance outcomes and verbal persuasion to foster self-efficacy in order to help instructors avoid feelings of depersonalization that can lead to burnout. The job-demands resources model has been shown to support supervisor efforts to recognize work-related demands in order to provide purposeful resources. The authors of this chapter work as program directors and share examples, rationale, and expertise through a case study approach which highlights best practices for working with virtual ancillary faculty including an in-depth examination of teacher evaluation and professional development strategies.
Online Learning Using Game Design
Authors: Mari TamilSalvi , Gunasagaran Sujatavani , Kuppusamy Sivaraman , Ng Veronica
Published: December 2022

This chapter reviews students' online learning experiences in an architecture module: designing a game as the learning outcome. This game design approach uses constructionism theory to analyze the learning process acquired by the students. The study employs a quantitative method. An online survey was used to collect data from a batch of undergraduate architecture students enrolled in a technical module offered online. Most students reported they had a meaningful learning experience. However, the students felt that online learning did not promote successful peer interaction, which is critical for peer learning. The results from this study indicated students preferred to develop better interaction with other students, which is an essential component of learning in architecture education-peer learning. The findings revealed that this pedagogical method could improve architecture students' learning experience and engagement. The findings provide insight on online learning platforms that might change teaching and learning after the pandemic.
Library Engagement With Emerging Technologies in Research and Learning
Authors: Awoyemi Robert Robert
Published: December 2022

Data-intensive emerging technologies manifest in learning and research in several ways, offering routes to impact student success and transform the research process. In learning, emerging technologies may enable new strategies for addressing student success. In research, emerging technologies are already impacting scientific methodologies with more disruption, and opportunity, anticipated. As the nature of research changes, so do the practices surrounding its dissemination and other issues taking on new importance. This chapter identifies strategic opportunities for libraries to adopt and engage with emerging technologies and ways in which library values and professional expertise inform and shape this engagement. The chapter builds on four cross-cutting opportunities that permeate many or all aspects of library services. Each section identifies key technologies shaping user behaviours and library services and highlights exemplary initiatives.
Teacher-Student Relationships Within the Context of Online Teaching and Learning
Authors: Horstman Brian , Johnston David , Rock Michael
Published: December 2022

While online learning environments had already become common in various contexts prior to the year 2020, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted a rapid shift to remote learning around the world. This has led to new insights into the implications of teacher-student relationships within such learning environments, particularly with regard to students with unique needs, such as students of English as a second language, students with a specific learning disability, and students with autism spectrum disorder. This chapter examines the impact of teacher relationships with these three groups of students in online learning environments, the challenges within that context, and recommendations for teachers serving those student populations through a review of current literature on these topics.
Preparing for an Effective Mathematics Teaching Practice Online
Authors: Fletcher Nicole , Meador Audrey
Published: December 2022

Field experiences are an important component of preservice teacher education. As educator programs prepare teachers for instruction in a virtual age, creative ways of providing these classroom opportunities must be developed. This chapter reports on the formation and the lessons learned from the implementation of a virtual number talks teacher learning cycle for mathematics preservice teachers. The practical connections of this work provide implications that may promote and inform general mathematics instruction in online classrooms and may extend to both the virtual education of preservice teachers and the development of online instruction in the field of mathematics.
In-Service Teachers' Views of a Global and Digital Experience
Authors: Mardi Fatemeh
Published: December 2022

This paper addresses the integration of global competencies into an educational technology course. A global and digital experience was included using the global read aloud (GRA), a global book club in which educators connect to teachers and classrooms around the world to learn alongside each other. The module learning objective was to provide an authentic context for online graduate students to develop and practice technology skills. The GRA provided the 63 in-service teachers a platform for authentic collaboration. A combination of conventional and directed content analysis methods with a values coding approach were applied. A multi-tiered analysis determined four levels of multiple perspective-taking identified as attainable or valued through the GRA experience. This study shows how global education can be embedded in an educational technology course. Implications for curriculum design and implementation in teacher education programs are presented.
The Impact of Media Exposure and Fear of COVID-19 on Panic Buying: A Study of Indian Consumers During the Second Wave of COVID-19
Authors: Ilyas Zahid , Siddiqi Mushtaq Ahmad
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to determine how media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's fear and panic buying behaviour during the pandemic's second wave, which appears to be an under-researched area in the literature. Data were collected from 205 respondents in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India through email and social media platforms. Partial least squares structural equational modelling was used to validate the measurement model and subsequently analyse the hypothesised relationships. Findings revealed that media exposure and fear of COVID-19 have a significant positive influence on panic buying behaviour. However, the mediation effect of fear of COVID-19 in the relationship between media exposure and panic buying behaviour was found statistically insignificant. These findings implied that the media coverage of stockouts and empty shelves (rather than fear-inducing media coverage related to medical aspects) may have elevated the levels of panic buying by people.
Impact of Intellectual Structural Capital and Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities on the Financial Performance of the Indigenous Craft Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kodithuwakku Sujeewa , Priyanath H. M. S.
Published: December 2022

This study attempts to identify the relationships between Intellectual Structural Capital (ISC), Knowledge-Based Dynamic Capabilities (KBDCs), and Financial Performance (FP), with special reference to the Indigenous Craft Industry (ICI) in Sri Lanka. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 231 owners of firms selected from indigenous crafts villages in Sri Lanka. The PLS-SME method was used to analyse data. The study found that ISC positively influences KBDCs, but does not directly affect the FP of ICI firms in Sri Lanka. Further, it revealed that the owners' ability to acquire knowledge and create knowledge have a positive impact on FP, and both variables fully mediate between ISC and the FP. By strengthening knowledge acquisition and knowledge creation capabilities of owners of ICIs and applying a proper mechanism to utilise ISC to transform tacit intellectual knowledge into explicit intellectual knowledge, the FP of firms in the ICI can be optimised.
Levator hiatal ballooning prevalence in pelvic organ prolapse patients and its relation to levator ani muscle strength
Authors: Moegni Fernandi , Christian Andrew Yurius
Published: December 2022

Ballooning of the levator hiatus is a unique phenomenon of hyperdistention seen during the Valsalva maneuver in Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) patients. Although it is related to the weakness of pelvic floor muscles, there is only limited evidence of its effect on Levator Ani Muscle (LAM) strength, especially in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of levator hiatal ballooning in POP patients and its effect on LAM strength. A cross-sectional study was done on POP patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from July 2019 to June 2021. Subjects who could not perform the Valsalva maneuver or perineometer and those having a history of perineal rupture were excluded. Subjects were grouped into hiatal ballooning and non-ballooning group based on the maximum hiatal genital length measured using ultrasound examination. Clinical characteristics, hiatal ballooning status, and LAM strength were compared between groups. A total of 99 subjects (47 ballooning and 52 non-ballooning) were recruited during the study. The prevalence of hiatal ballooning in POP patients was 47.5%. There was significantly lower LAM strength in the ballooning group measured by perineometer (p = 0.018). There was a significant relationship between the perineometer result and Modified Oxford Grading Scale result in both groups (p < 0.001). Lower LAM strength was observed in POP patients with hiatal ballooning.
Isobases on the Wisconsin marine limit in Canada
Authors: Farrand W R , Gajda R T
Published: December 2022

The pattern of isobases drawn on the maximum extent of postglacial marine submergence, supplemented by isobases on glacial lakes, includes a major dome centred on Hudson Bay and minor cells over lateglacial remnants such as the Keewatin ice divide and Baffin and
Ellesmere islands. Radiocarbon dates and uplift curves show that this uplift is truly glacio-isostatic.
Recognizing Mitochondrial Hepatopathy in Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Authors: Goel Ashish , Ramakrishna Banumathi , Beck Manisha Madhai , Alex Thomas , Zachariah Uday , Eapen C. E.
Published: December 2022

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare cause of catastrophic liver dysfunction and failure in late pregnancy. Defective mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) seems to be the underlying pathogenic mechanism. Stressors of both late pregnancy (increased maternal dependence on fats as energy source) and fetus with homozygous defect in mitochondrial FAO, precipitate AFLP in a woman who was previously asymptomatic. Mitochondrial disorders exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity, but many of these primary and secondary disorders have liver as the primary organ affected. The liver injury pattern in these patients also has a varied spectrum and course. Unlike other primary mitochondrial disorders affecting the liver, AFLP represents a potentially completely reversible form of liver injury. Thus, AFLP behaves as a secondary mitochondrial disorder precipitated by inciting factors from fetus and placenta. In this review, we attempt to highlight the varied aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction in AFLP. Mitochondrial injury is the mainstay of pathogenesis and can be recognized in typical clinical features and histopathological findings in patients with AFLP. We also present the consequent impact of recognizing underlying mitochondrial injury on clinical diagnosis and management strategies employed in AFLP.