bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional profiling of hepatocytes infected with the replicative form of the malaria parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi
Authors: Mitchell Gabriel , Roma Guglielmo , Voorberg-van der Wel Annemarie , Beibel Martin , Zeeman Anne-Marie , Schuierer Sven , Torres Laura , Flannery Erika L , Kocken Clemens HM , Mikolajczak Sebastian A. , Diagana Thierry T.
Published: July 2022

The zoonotic simian parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi develops into replicating schizonts and dormant hypnozoites during the infection of hepatocytes and is used as a model organism to study relapsing malaria. We previously reported the transcriptional profiling of P. cynomolgi liver stages and revealed many important biological features of the parasite (Bertschi et al., Elife, 2018; Voorberg-van der Wel et al., Elife, 2017) but left out the host response to malaria infection. Here, we used our published RNA sequencing data to quantify the expression of host genes in rhesus macaque hepatocytes infected with P. cynomolgi in comparison to either cells from uninfected samples or uninfected bystander cells. Although the dataset could not be used to resolve the transcriptional profile of hypnozoite-infected hepatocytes, it provided a snapshot of the host response to liver stage schizonts and identified specific host pathways that are modulated during malaria infection. This study constitutes a valuable resource characterizing the hepatocyte response to P. cynomolgi infection and provides a framework to build on future research that aims at understanding hepatocyte-parasite interactions during relapsing malaria infection.
Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis
Authors: Ho Antonia , Orton Richard , Tayler Rachel , Asamaphan Patawee , Tong Lily , Smollett Katherine , Davis Chris , Manali Maria , McDonald Sarah E. , Pollock Louisa , Evans Clair , McMenamin Jim , Roy Kirsty , Marsh Kimberly , Divala Titus , Holden Matt , Lockhart Michael , Yirrell David , Currie Sandra , Shepherd Samantha J. , Jackson Celia , Gunson Rory , MacLean Alasdair , McInnes Neil , Battle Richard , Hollenbach Jill , Henderson Paul , Chand Meera , Hamilton Melissa Shea , Estrada-Rivadeneyra Diego , Levin Michael ,   DIAMONDS consortium,   ISARIC4C Investigators, Robertson David L , Filipe Ana , Willett Brian , Breuer Judith , Semple Malcolm G , Turner David , Baillie J Kenneth , Thomson Emma C.
Published: July 2022

Summary paragraph

An outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children was first reported in Scotland in April 2022.1 Cases aged <16 years have since been identified in 35 countries.2 Here we report a detailed investigation of 9 early cases and 58 control subjects. Using next-generation sequencing and real-time PCR, adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2), was detected in the plasma of 9/9 and liver of 4/4 patients but in 0/13 sera/plasma of age-matched healthy controls, 0/12 children with adenovirus (HAdV) infection and normal liver function and 0/33 children admitted to hospital with hepatitis of other aetiology. AAV2 typically requires a coinfecting ‘helper’ virus to replicate, usually HAdV or a herpesvirus. HAdV (species C and F) and human herpesvirus 6B (HHV6B) were detected in 6/9 and 3/9 affected cases, including 3/4 and 2/4 liver biopsies, respectively. The class II HLA-DRB1*04:01 allele was identified in 8/9 cases (89%), compared with a background frequency of 15.6% in Scottish blood donors, suggestive of increased susceptibility in affected cases. Acute non-A-E paediatric hepatitis is associated with the presence of AAV2 infection, which could represent a primary pathogen or a useful biomarker of recent HAdV or HHV6B infection. Population and mechanistic studies are required to explore these findings further.
Ba3[Sn(OH)6][SeO4]2·3H2O, a hydrated 1:2 double salt of barium hexahydroxidostannate(IV) and barium selenate(VI)
Authors: Reuter Hans , Kamaha Shouassi
Published: July 2022

Single crystals of tribarium hexahydroxidostannate(IV) bis[selenate(VI)] trihydrate, Ba3H12O17Se2Sn or Ba3[Sn(OH)6][SeO4]2·3H2O, prepared from solid BaSnO3 and aqueous Na2[SeO4] solutions have hexagonal (P63) symmetry. The structure consists of four different primary building units: a hexahydroxidostannate(IV) ion, two different selenate(VI) ions, all three of point group symmetry C
3, and a mono-capped {BaO9}-square antiprism of point group symmetry C
1. The secondary building units result from three of the barium coordination polyhedra linked together via common edges. While one of the two tetrahedral voids formed from these trimeric units is filled by one bidentate, chelating μ2-selenate ion, the other one remains unoccupied as the corresponding second selenate ion only acts as a monodentate, μ1-ligand. SBUs are completed by hexahydroxidostannate(IV) ions sharing adjacent edges on the uncapped faces of the three, mono-capped square antiprisms. These SBUs are arranged into layers via common edges on the uncapped, square faces of the {BaO9} coordination polyhedra in a way that the hexahydroxidostannate(IV) ions act as linkage between two neighboring layers.
Mapping of clusters about the relationship between e-government and corruption in Mexico
Authors: Cárdenas Cárdenas Gilberto , Vergara González Reyna
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the e-goverment on corruption in Mexico. Mexico, although it has fought corruption from different angles, continues to be among the most corrupt countries in the world. One possible tool to reduce corruption, or at least so-called bureaucratic corruption, is e-government. There are studies that confirm an inverse relationship between e-government and corruption; as e-government increases, corruption decreases. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of the development of e-government (electronic portals) on corruption.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve the stated objective, the authors have used econometrics (clusters) as the main methodology to obtain a possible confirmation of such inverse relationship between e-government and corruption in the 32 states that make up the country, for the period 2015–2019.

Findings

In the states that make up the Republic of Mexico, as the development of e-government increases, the corruption variable does not decrease. There is no significant relationship between these two variables.

Originality/value

The relationship between the variables e-government and corruption has been extensively studied in previous articles. However, in Latin America, studies on the impact of e-government on corruption are scarce, and at the Mexican national level are almost nonexistent.
The relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and its aspects in higher education
Authors: Razia Bahaa , Awwad Bahaa , Taqi Najma
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to provide better understanding on this phenomenon, as well as some recommendations to assist in preparing Al technology and its related aspects during crisis like Covid period and beyond.

Design/methodology/approach

The study consisted of two phases. Phase one focused on identifying top higher education institutions according to the QS world university ranking. As a result, 180 higher education institutions in the Arab region were found, with the 2022 QS Arab region university ranking. The study selected top 20 performing institutions. Each institution has been assessed according to six metrics including: international student ratio, international research network, international ration, Web impact, citation per page and paper per faculty. Phase two explored the adapted Al applications and their related aspects that are used in each institution using a learning online questionnaire. Pilot tests were used to determine the validity and reliability of the measures.

Findings

Numerous factors that lead to enhancing high education using Artificial Intelligence in higher education institutions have emerged from this study. These factors include; knowledge management, trust, learning, technical resources and complexity. First, effective knowledge management assists in maintaining information in a place where it is easy to share and access. Second, trust is considered a critical factor in dealing with uncertainties like covid-19. It needs to be effectively addressed by students and staff members, especially in higher education. Without trust, decisions cannot be successfully made and actions may be delayed or stalled. Third, continuous learning is a key factor that tends to enhance the capability of dealing with new routines or potential challenges. Fourth, technical resources refer to electronic devices and tools that are used by students and academics to interact and share knowledge.

Originality/value

Students and faculty academics perceive things and use Al technology differently, which can lead to misunderstanding and create tension between them. Many higher education institutions have adapted great Al technology applications, but they are significantly less proficient than previously thought at understanding how to leverage this technology to produce helpful solutions to their business difficulties.
Fostering insights and improvements from IIoT systems at the shop floor: a case of industry 4.0 and lean complementarity enabled by action learning
Authors: Saabye Henrik , Powell Daryl John
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate how manufacturers can foster insights and improvements from real-time data among shop-floor workers by developing organisational “learning-to-learn” capabilities based on both the lean- and action learning principle of learning through problem-solving. Second, the purpose is to extrapolate findings on how action learning can enable the complementarity between lean and industry 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach

An insider action research approach is adopted to investigate how manufacturers can enable their shop-floor workers to foster insights and improvements from real-time data at VELUX.

Findings

The findings report that enabling shop-floor workers to use real-time data consist of developing three consecutive organisational building blocks of learning-to-learn, learning-to-learn using real-time data and learning-to-learn generating real-time data − and helping others to learn (to learn).

Originality/value

First, the study contributes to theory and practice by demonstrating that a learning-to-learn capability is a core construct for manufacturers seeking to enable shop-floor workers to use real-time data-capturing systems to drive improvement. Second, the study outlines how lean and industry 4.0 complementarity can be enabled by action learning. Moreover, the study allows us to deduce six necessary conditions for enabling shop-floor workers to foster insights and improvements from real-time data.
Cultivating students’ sustainability-oriented learning at the interface of science and society: a configuration of interrelated enablers
Authors: Tassone Valentina C. , den Brok Perry , Tho Cassandra W.S. , Wals Arjen E.J.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

By envisioning the learning environment as an eco-social system, this study aims to map interrelated enablers of students’ sustainability-oriented learning (SoL) in the context of a university course at the interface of science and society.

Design/methodology/approach

A case-study approach was used to delineate what enables student learning in a university-wide transdisciplinary Master of Science course. A sample of 102 students, university and societal stakeholders participated to this study, by sharing their experiences and views through focus groups and questionnaires.

Findings

A main finding is the development of a configuration of six intertwined enablers that through their interplay help to cultivate students’ SoL, in the course under exploration.

Originality/value

This study paves the way for a re-orientation of how to explore learning in complex environments. It shows that adopting a relational, situated and systems approach is not only feasible but is also desirable to understand and guide learning practices in complex environments.
Twelve years of research in The International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yihua Wu , Meng Fanchen , Farrukh Muhammad , Raza Ali , Alam Imtiaz
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management (IMEFM) publication structure based on broad criteria including citations, authors, institutions, countries, papers and keywords using the Scopus database over a period of 12 years.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the bibliometric technique is used to analyze the advancement of IMEFM. Bibliometrics is a research field of library and information science that studies bibliographic material with quantitative methods.

Findings

The results show a steady increase in the citation and publication structure of the IMEFM. That reflects its developing stature as a key academic outlet. The journal is advancing knowledge in Islamic finance and management research.

Practical implications

This study presents a macro view of the journey of IMEFM over the past 12 years. That presents the audience with an opportunity to understand the trend and focus of the journal.

Originality/value

Bibliometric analysis contributed to the theoretical development of the IMEFM journal in the following ways. First, it describes the evolution and intellectual structure by identifying and classifying the most common themes in the journal. More specifically, this analysis underscores two important milestones: IMEFM has emerged as a robust academic outlet, and its comprehensive focus on Islamic finance and other related areas. Furthermore, the bibliometric analysis of IMEFM’s citations and knowledge stock pattern summarizes the scientific community contributing to its evolution and development. Finally, this study’s results offer future research directions.
The effect of knowledge sharing and systems thinking on organizational sustainability: the mediating role of creativity
Authors: Batool Fatima , Mohammad Jihad , Awang Siti Rahmah , Ahmad Tahir
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The main purpose of this paper is to examine the direct effects of knowledge sharing and systems thinking on creativity and organizational sustainability in the hotel industry in Malaysia. In addition, the study aims to examine the mediation effect of creativity between knowledge sharing, systems thinking and organizational sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey method based on a questionnaire was used to gather data from 407 middle managers in the hotel industry in Malaysia. The partial least squares technique was used to examine the hypotheses.

Findings

The study found support for the effects of systems thinking and knowledge sharing on organizational sustainability. It also found support for the impact of creativity on organizational sustainability. Besides, the mediating role of creativity between systems thinking and organizational sustainability, and between knowledge sharing and organizational sustainability was also supported by data.

Originality/value

This is a pioneer work that has combined various human resources (i.e. systems thinking, knowledge sharing, creativity) to examine their impacts on organizational sustainability. Moreover, this work has established comparatively new relationships, i.e. the impact of systems thinking and knowledge sharing on creativity and organizational sustainability. In addition, the mediation role of creativity between systems thinking, knowledge sharing and organizational sustainability is relatively new in the literature. Furthermore, this study has confirmed the validity and reliability of knowledge sharing and organizational sustainability at first and second orders in the hotel industry in non-Western context.
How environmental emotions link to responsible consumption behavior: Tourism Agenda 2030
Authors: Xiong Wei , Huang Meijiao , Leung Xi Yu , Zhang Yuanhui , Cai Xiaomei
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the themes related to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 in relation to tourism, and specifically to explore how the emotional psyche affects tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the value-belief-norm theory, a research framework was developed to examine the serial mediation effects of environmental emotions in predicting tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviors. A total of 741 responses was collected from an online survey. Data were analyzed by the partial least squares structural equation modeling.

Findings

Environmental concern does not directly predict tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviors. Instead, environmental awe and environmental worry serially mediate the relationship between environmental concern and tourists’ environmentally responsible behaviors.

Originality/value

This study extends the value-belief-norm theory by integrating environmental emotions and empirically tests the effect of multiple psyches on responsible consumption, contributing to the achievement of SDG 12 in UN Agenda 2030.
Effect of alloying constituents on thermal, microstructural, mechanical and shape memory properties of Cu-Al-Ag shape memory alloys
Authors: Tataverthi Sai Vamsi Krishna , Devisetty Srinivasa Rao
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of Al and Ag addition on thermal, mechanical and shape memory properties of Cu-Al-Ag alloy.

Design/methodology/approach

The material is synthesized in a controlled atmosphere to minimize the reaction of alloying elements with the atmosphere. Cast samples were homogenized, then subjected to hot rolling and further betatized, followed by step quenching. Eight samples were chosen for study among which first four samples varied in Al content, and the next set of four samples varied in Ag composition.

Findings

The testing yielded a result that the increase in binary alloying element decreased transformation temperature range but increased entropy and elastic energy values. It also improved the shape memory effect and mechanical properties (UTS and hardness). An increase in ternary alloying element increased transformation temperature range, entropy and elastic energy values. The shape memory effect and mechanical properties are enhanced by the increase in ternary alloying element. The study revealed that compositional variation of Al should be limited to a range of 8 to 14 Wt.% and Ag from 2 to 8 Wt.%. Microstructural and diffraction studies identified the ß’1 martensite as a desirable phase for enhancing shape memory properties.

Originality/value

Numerous studies have been made in exploring the transformation temperature and phase formation for similar Cu-Al-Ag shape memory alloys, but their influence on shape memory effect was not extensively studied. In the present work, the influence of Al and Ag content on shape memory characteristics is carried out to increase the design choice for engineering applications of shape memory alloy. These materials exhibit mechanical and shape memory properties within operating ranges similar to other copper-based shape memory alloys.
Reappraisal, social support, and parental burnout
Authors: Lin Gao‐Xian , Goldenberg Amit , Arikan Gizem , Brytek‐Matera Anna , Czepczor‐Bernat Kamila , Manrique‐Millones Denisse , Mikolajczak Moïra , Overbye Hannah , Roskam Isabelle , Szczygieł Dorota , Ustundag‐Budak A. Meltem , Gross James J.
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Parental burnout is a prevalent condition that affects parents' functioning and health. While various protective factors have been examined, little is known about their interplay. In the current study, we examined the joint effect of two protective factors against parental burnout (one external—social support and one internal—cognitive reappraisal). We were specifically interested in whether the presence of one factor could compensate for the lack of the other.

Methods

To address this question, 1835 participants were drawn from five countries: United States, Poland, Peru, Turkey and Belgium.

Results

Results suggested that both social support and cognitive reappraisal were associated with lower parental burnout. An interaction was also found between the resource factors, such that the presence of cognitive reappraisal compensated for the absence of social support.

Conclusions

These findings point to ways in which parental burnout could be reduced, especially in situations where social support is not easily available.
Entrepreneurial networks, effectuation and business model innovation of startups: The moderating role of environmental dynamism
Authors: Xu Sha , He Jie , Morrison Alastair M. , de Domenici Michael , Wang Yaozhong
Published: July 2022

The effects of entrepreneurial networks and effectuation on business model innovation (BMI) are widely recognized. However, the existing researches focus on the driving of entrepreneurial networks (external factor) and effectuation (internal factor) on BMI separately. Few studies explore the combination of internal and external drivers. Consequently, how entrepreneurial networks' resource translates into the BMI in start‐ups remains unclear. Based on RBV, this research explored the impacts of entrepreneurial networks on BMI through effectuation in dynamic environments. A survey of 408 start‐ups in China reveals that (1) entrepreneurial networks have positive impacts on BMI. Particularly, network size and network strength positively impact BMI. (2) Effectuation plays a mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurial networks and BMI. (3) Environmental dynamism strengthens the relationship between effectuation and BMI. The findings enrich the theoretical understanding of the relationships among entrepreneurial networks, effectuation and BMI and provide practical implications for start‐up BMI in dynamic environments.
In silico prediction of boiling point, octanol–water partition coefficient, and retention time index of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons through machine learning
Authors: Sun Linkang , Zhang Min , Xie Liangxu , Gao Qian , Xu Xiaojun , Xu Lei
Published: July 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a special class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) with two or more aromatic rings, have received extensive attention owing to their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects. Quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) is powerful chemometric method to correlate structural descriptors of PAHs with their physicochemical properties. In this manuscript, a QSPR study of PAHs was performed to predict their boiling point (bp), octanol–water partition coefficient (LogKow), and retention time index (RI). In addition to traditional molecular descriptors, structural fingerprints play an important role in the correlation of the above properties. Three regression methods, partial least squares (PLS), multiple linear regression (MLR), and genetic function approximation (GFA), were used to establish QSPR models for each property of PAHs. The correlation coefficient (R2test) and root mean square error (RMSE) of best model were 0.980 and 24.39% (PLS), 0.979 and 35.80% (GFA), 0.926 and 22.90% (MLR) for bp, LogKow, and RI, respectively. The model proposed here can be used to estimate physicochemical properties and inform toxicity prediction of environmental chemicals.
The Environmental Consequences of Place‐Based Policies in China: An Empirical Study Based on SO2 Emission Data
Authors: Xu Hongwei , Liang Wenquan , Xiang Kuanhu
Published: July 2022

Previous studies of place‐based policies in China have ignored their effect on pollution. Using event study and difference‐in‐differences methodologies, we investigated the consequences of place‐based policies on sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. We first documented the increase in SO2 emissions and SO2 emission intensity in the inland region after 2003 at the provincial level. The firm‐level data for the period between 1998 and 2010 also showed that the performance of enterprises in noneastern regions in reducing SO2 emissions had worsened relatively since 2003, and this effect was particularly strong in enterprises located in central and northeast China, where urban land supply experienced significant growth after 2003. We found that, compared with environmental regulation changes, inland region‐biased economic policies after 2003 were more important in explaining the relative changes in SO2 emissions between coastal and inland regions. The policy implication is that the central government should address environmental consequences when designing place‐based economic policies.
No intrinsic number bias: Evaluating the role of perceptual discriminability in magnitude categorization
Authors: Aulet Lauren S. , Lourenco Stella F.
Published: July 2022

Accumulating evidence suggests that there is a spontaneous preference for numerical, compared to non‐numerical (e.g., cumulative surface area), information. However, given a paucity of research on the perception of non‐numerical magnitudes, it is unclear whether this preference reflects a specific bias towards number, or a general bias towards the more perceptually discriminable dimension (i.e., number). Here, we found that when the number and area of visual dot displays were matched in mathematical ratio, number was more perceptually discriminable than area in both adults and children. Moreover, both adults and children preferentially categorized these ratio‐matched stimuli based on number, consistent with previous work. However, when number and area were matched in perceptual discriminability, a different pattern of results emerged. In particular, children preferentially categorized stimuli based on area, suggesting that children's previously observed number bias may be due to a mismatch in the perceptual discriminability of number and area, not an intrinsic salience of number. Interestingly, adults continued to categorize the displays on the basis of number. Altogether, these findings suggest a dominant role for area during childhood, refuting the claim that number is inherently and uniquely salient. Yet they also reveal an increased salience of number that emerges over development. Potential explanations for this developmental shift are discussed.

Research Highlights

Previous work found that children and adults spontaneously categorized dot array stimuli by number, over other magnitudes (e.g., area), suggesting number is uniquely salient.

However, here we found that when number and area were matched by ratio, as in prior work, number was significantly more perceptually discriminable than area.

When number and area were made equally discriminable (‘perceptually‐matched’), children, contra adults, spontaneously categorized stimuli by area over number (and other non‐numerical magnitudes).

These findings suggest that area may be uniquely salient early in childhood, with the previously‐observed number bias not emerging until later in development.
Sphingosine 1‐phosphate attenuates neuronal dysfunction induced by amyloid‐β oligomers through endocytic internalization of NMDA receptors
Authors: Bigi Alessandra , Cascella Roberta , Fani Giulia , Bernacchioni Caterina , Cencetti Francesca , Bruni Paola , Chiti Fabrizio , Donati Chiara , Cecchi Cristina
Published: July 2022

Soluble oligomers arising from the aggregation of the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) have been identified as the main pathogenic agents in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Prefibrillar oligomers of the 42‐residue form of Aβ (Aβ42O) show membrane‐binding capacity and trigger the disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis, a causative event in neuron degeneration. Since bioactive lipids have been recently proposed as potent protective agents against Aβ toxicity, we investigated the involvement of sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) signalling pathway in Ca2+ homeostasis in living neurons exposed to Aβ42O. We show that both exogenous and endogenous S1P rescued neuronal Ca2+ dyshomeostasis induced by toxic Aβ42O in primary rat cortical neurons and human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. Further analysis revealed a strong neuroprotective effect of S1P1 and S1P4 receptors, and to a lower extent of S1P3 and S1P5 receptors, which activate the Gi‐dependent signalling pathways, thus resulting in the endocytic internalization of the extrasynaptic GluN2B‐containing N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Notably, the S1P beneficial effect can be sustained over time by sphingosine kinase‐1 overexpression, thus counteracting the down‐regulation of the S1P signalling induced by Aβ42O. Our findings disclose underlying mechanisms of S1P neuronal protection against harmful Aβ42O, suggesting that S1P and its signalling axis can be considered promising targets for therapeutic approaches for AD.
Thermodynamic modeling of the phase evolution in alkali‐activated slag cements with sulfate salt exposure
Authors: Zuo Yibing
Published: July 2022

The phase evolutions in sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate–activated slag cements upon sulfate salt attack were investigated via thermodynamic modeling. The effects of different sulfate salts (i.e., Na2SO4 and MgSO4) and slag compositions were studied. In thermodynamic modeling, a solid solution model, that is, MgAl–SO4–LDH_ss, was proposed to describe the sulfate‐intercalated hydrotalcite. The modeling results were presented and discussed in comparison with experimental observations. Upon sulfate salt attack, ettringite, gypsum, sulfate‐intercalated hydrotalcite, magnesium silicate hydrate, and so on were predicted to form. By quantitatively evaluating the composition change of C–(N–)A–S–H gel, solid phase expansion, and alteration in pore solution chemistry, it was found that magnesium sulfate induced severer degradation of alkali‐activated slag cements compared to sodium sulfate. Upon sulfate salt attack with a fixed sulfate concentration, the ideal outcome shows that the slag with lower Al2O3 content not only gave a larger content of C–(N–)A–S–H gel but also caused the reduced decalcification and dealumination of C–(N–)A–S–H gel and solid phase expansion.
Comparative study of dedifferentiated fat cell and adipose‐derived stromal cell sheets for periodontal tissue regeneration: In vivo and in vitro evidence
Authors: Huang Guobin , Xia Bin , Dai Zichao , Yang Rongqiang , Chen Rui , Yang Hefeng
Published: July 2022

Aim

To compare the efficacy of adipocyte‐derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cell and adipose‐derived stromal cell (ADSC) sheets for regenerative treatment of intra‐bony periodontal defects.

Materials and Methods

DFAT cells were obtained using the ceiling culture method and were compared with ADSCs using Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation assay, surface antigen identification, and multilineage differentiation assays. DFAT and ADSC sheets were prepared in a cell sheet culture medium. The biological characteristics of DFAT cell and ADSC sheets were compared using haematoxylin and eosin staining, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. Micro‐computed tomography and histological staining were used to compare the effects of the two cell sheets on the repair of periodontal intra‐bony defects in rats.

Results

DFAT cells and ADSCs demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. Both cell types were CD29‐, CD90‐, and CD146‐positive and CD31‐, CD34‐, and CD45‐negative. DFAT cells and ADSCs exhibited similar osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capabilities and colony formation ability. DFAT cells displayed stronger proliferation capabilities compared with ADSCs. Compared with the ADSC sheets, DFAT cell sheets exhibited a higher expression of periodontal‐related genes and proteins and greater ability to regenerate periodontal tissue.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that DFAT cell sheets are an ideal seed cell source and form of cell delivery for periodontal intra‐bony defects.
Masking ability of resin composites: Effect of the layering strategy and substrate color
Authors: Perez Bibiana Gabardo , Gaidarji Bruna , Palm Bruna G. , Ruiz‐López Javier , Pérez María M. , Durand Letícia Brandão
Published: July 2022

Objective

To evaluate the effect of layering strategy and substrate color on the masking ability of resin composites.

Materials and Methods

A1‐shaded specimens from Charisma Diamond and Filtek Z350XT were produced using different layering strategies. Color measurements were made by a reflectance spectrophotometer over A2, C2, A3.5, C3, C4 substrates. Color differences were calculated and interpreted by the 50%:50% perceptibility and acceptability visual thresholds. Data was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn post hoc test. Chi‐square test was used to determine the association between masking ability, and independent variables.

Results

Color differences were significantly lower on A2 and C2 in comparison with C4 for the majority of the layering strategies. Acceptable matches were observed on most of the combinations over A2. Moderately unacceptable mismatches were observed in most of the combinations over C2 and A3.5. Clearly unacceptable mismatches were observed on the C3 and C4. The ΔE00 color shifts were predominantly influenced by ΔL00 for all layering strategies and substrate colors.

Conclusion

Masking ability was affected by the layering strategy and substrate color. Acceptable masking was associated with A2 and C2, and with layering strategy composed of 0.5 mm enamel opacity and 1.0 mm dentin opacity thicknesses, using the Filtek Z350XT.

Clinical Significance

Resin composites—shade A1—applied by different layering strategies with a final thickness of 1.5 mm were able to mask mild and moderately discolored substrates. Severely discolored substrates were not masked effectively.
Glass eel (Anguilla anguilla L. 1758) feeding behaviour during upstream migration in an artificial waterway
Authors: Van Wichelen Jeroen , Verhelst Pieterjan , Perneel Michiel , Van Driessche Charlotte , Buysse David , Belpaire Claude , Coeck Johan , De Troch Marleen
Published: July 2022

The transition from marine to fresh water is a challenging task for juvenile eels. This critical step in the early eels' life is preceded by a metamorphosis from the oceanic larval to the continental glass eel stage, requiring major energy‐demanding morphological, physiological and behavioural modifications during which time these animals do not feed. The success of the glass eels’ inland migration after metamorphosis will largely depend on remaining energy levels, which can be supplemented only by resuming food uptake. Although it is crucial for their survival and the maintenance of the population, the feeding behaviour of glass eels is still an understudied aspect of the eels’ complex life cycle. Many uncertainties about the phenology, diet, potential prey preferences and their relation with migration modus (migratory vs. sedentary) still remain. In this study, the authors analysed the stomach and gut contents of 458 European glass eels (Anguilla anguilla L. 1758) captured in a drainage canal connecting a small mesotidal estuary with an adjacent polder area during the spring migration seasons of 2016 and 2017. They demonstrated that although glass eels started feeding briefly upon arrival in the estuary, food uptake for early arrivals was restricted to a minority that sparsely feed on detritus and some worm‐like benthic invertebrates. Along the season, food uptake intensified eventually engaging all glass eels and their dietary palette diversified including a wide array of planktonic and benthic organisms. Crustacean plankton (mainly cyclopoid copepods) was an important part of the glass eel diet, whereas benthic oligochaetes were less abundant as food source in spite of their high presence in the sediments. No clear differences in feeding behaviour could be observed between migratory and sedentary glass eels. This study showed that glass eels can use highly artificial and dynamic drainage canals as feeding ground during their critical marine/freshwater transition. This outcome is also a plea to improve the accessibility of alternative (unnatural) migration routes between the ocean and suitable freshwater growth habitats for the European eel.
Physically based cold regions river flood prediction in data‐sparse regions: The Yukon River Basin flow forecasting system
Authors: Elshamy Mohamed , Loukili Youssef , Pomeroy John W. , Pietroniro Alain , Richard Dominique , Princz Daniel
Published: July 2022

The Yukon River Basin (YRB) is one of the most important river networks shared between Canada and The United States, and is one of the largest river basins in the subarctic region of North America. The Canadian part of the YRB is characterized by steeply sloped, partly glaciated mountain headwaters that generate considerable runoff during melt of glaciers and seasonal snowcover. Snow redistribution, snowmelt, glacier melt and freezing–thawing soil processes in winter and spring along with summertime rainfall‐runoff and evapotranspiration processes are thus key components of streamflow generation in the basin, making conceptual rainfall‐runoff models unsuitable for this cold region. Due to the remote high latitudes and high altitudes of the basin, there is a paucity of observational data, making heavily calibrated conceptual modeling approaches infeasible. At the request of the Yukon Government, this project developed and operationalized a streamflow forecasting system for the Yukon River and several of its tributary rivers using a distributed land surface modeling approach developed for large‐scale implementation in cold regions. This represents a substantial advance in bringing operational hydrological forecasting to the Canadian subarctic for the first time. This experience will inform future research to operation improvements as Canada develops a nationally coordinated flood forecast system.
Randomised controlled trials addressing how the clinical application of information and communication technology impacts the quality of patient care—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mikkonen Kristina , Yamakawa Miyae , Tomietto Marco , Tuomikoski Anna‐Maria , Utsumi Momoe , Jarva Erika , Kääriäinen Maria , Oikarinen Anne
Published: July 2022

Background

The number of people with chronic and long‐term conditions has increased during recent decades; this has been addressed by leveraging information and communication technology (ICT) to develop new self‐care solutions. However, many of the developed technological solutions have not been tested in terms of impact(s) on patients' quality of care.

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to identify the current best evidence on the types of interventions that have been developed to improve the quality of patient care through the clinical application of ICT in primary, tertiary or home care.

Design

A systematic review, including a meta‐analysis, was conducted according to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis guidelines.

Data sources

Relevant data were identified from four electronic databases: CINAHL, PUBMED, SCOPUS and MEDIC.

Review methods

The eligibility criteria were formatted according to PICOS inclusion and exclusion criteria. At least two researchers performed the screening process separately, after which they agreed upon the results. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment and JBI Critical Appraisal tool for randomised controlled studies (RCTs) were used to assess research quality. Data were extracted, and a meta‐analysis was performed if the research met quantitative requirements.

Results

Of the 528 initially identified studies, 11 studies were chosen for final data synthesis. All of the interventions integrated ICT solutions into patient care to improve the quality of care. Patients across all of the RCTs were educated through direct training, the provision of information relevant to their disease or one‐to‐one educational coaching. The interventions included various interactions, e.g. nurse expert visits and support, and support provided by peers, groups or family members. These interactions occurred through face‐to‐face coaching, virtual human coaching or virtual coaching that relied on an algorithm. The performed meta‐analysis included 6 of the 11 identified studies. The overall effect was nonsignificant, with three studies demonstrating a significant postintervention effect on patients' quality of care and quality of life and three studies a nonsignificant effect.

Conclusions

The presented results suggest that ICT‐based care should be developed in collaboration with nurses and other health care professionals, involve patients in decision‐making and combine ICT solutions with human interaction and coaching. ICT education was found to be essential to the success of an intervention.
Efficiency of Ocimum basilicum and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils on anesthesia and histopathology of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Yigit Nalan Ozgur , Metin Secil , Sabuncu Omer Faruk , Didinen Behire Isıl , Didinen Hakan , Ozmen Ozlem , Koskan Ozgur
Published: July 2022

In this study, anesthetic effects of Ocimum basilicum and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils were investigated on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish (average 10 g) were exposed to 20, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 mg L−1 essential oils, anesthesia induction, and recovery times were recorded separately for each fish. Acute toxicities of essential oils (10 min LC50 concentration) on rainbow trout were determined at 70–400 mg L−1. In addition, histopathological effects of the essential oils in fish tissues were determined after deep anesthesia. As a result of this study, O. basilicum at 300 mg L−1 dose and E. globulus essential oils at 400 mg L−1 dose showed ideal anesthetic effects on rainbow trout. Anesthesia induction (stage 4) and recovery times at this concentration for E. globulus were found as 186 and 117.5 s, respectively. Anesthesia induction (stage 4) and recovery times were 220.5 and 61 s for this concentration in O. basilicum essential oil, respectively. The toxic effects of essential oils for rainbow trout were not found. No pathological finding in gill, liver, and kidney was observed at the histopathological examination. Consequently, this study demonstrated that O. basilicum and E. globulus essential oils can be used as an effective and safe anesthetic in rainbow trout.
Understanding the effects of nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings on maternal and child nutrition in rural Odisha, India: A mixed‐methods process evaluation
Authors: Prost Audrey , Harris‐Fry Helen , Mohanty Satyanarayan , Parida Manoj , Krishnan Sneha , Fivian Emily , Rath Suchitra , Nair Nirmala , Mishra Naba K. , Padhan Shibanath , Pradhan Ronali , Sahu Satyapriya , Skordis Jolene , Danton Heather , Koniz‐Booher Peggy , Beaumont Emma , James Philip , Allen Elizabeth , Elbourne Diana , Kadiyala Suneetha
Published: July 2022

A trial of three nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings in rural Odisha, India, found improvements in maternal and child dietary diversity, limited effects on agricultural production, and no effects on women and children's nutritional status. Our process evaluation explored fidelity, reach, and mechanisms behind interventions' effects. We also examined how context affected implementation, mechanisms, and outcomes. We used data from intervention monitoring systems, review notes, trial surveys, 32 case studies with families (n = 91 family members), and 20 group discussions with women's group members and intervention workers (n = 181 and 32, respectively). We found that interventions were implemented with high fidelity. Groups reached around half of the mothers of children under 2 years. Videos and meetings increased women's knowledge, motivation and confidence to suggest or make changes to their diets and agricultural production. Families responded in diverse ways. Many adopted or improved rainfed homestead garden cultivation for consumption, which could explain gains in maternal and child dietary diversity seen in the impact evaluation. Cultivation for income was less common. This was often due to small landholdings, poor access to irrigation and decision‐making dominated by men. Interventions helped change norms about heavy work during pregnancy, but young women with little family support still did considerable work. Women's ability to shape cultivation, income and workload decisions was strongly influenced by support from male relatives. Future nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions could include additional flexibility to address families’ land, water, labour and time constraints, as well as actively engage with spouses and in‐laws.
Child feeding practices in rural Ethiopia show increasing consumption of unhealthy foods
Authors: Tizazu Woinshet , Laillou Arnaud , Hirvonen Kalle , Chitekwe Stanley , Baye Kaleab
Published: July 2022

The quality of complementary feeding can have both short‐ and long‐term health impacts by delaying or promoting child growth and establishing taste preferences and feeding behaviours. We aimed to assess the healthy and unhealthy feeding practices of infants and young children in rural Ethiopia. We conducted two rounds of surveys in December 2017/18 in Habru district, North Wello, rural Ethiopia among caregivers of infants and young children (N = 574). We characterised the consumption of infants and young children using non‐quantitative 24 h recall and the World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators. Sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometry and haemoglobin concentrations were assessed. Breastfeeding was a norm as 82% and 67% were breastfed in the first and second rounds. Between the two rounds, dietary diversity increased from 5% to 17% (p < 0.05), but more pronounced increases were observed in the consumption of ultra‐processed food (UPFs). Up to one‐in‐five (22%) of the children consumed UFPs. With an average of only three food groups consumed, the consumption of nutrient‐dense foods like animal source foods, fruits and vegetables was very low particularly among younger children. UPFs are an additional risk factor that contributes to poor quality diets. Behavioural Change Communication interventions, including those in rural areas, should explicitly discourage the consumption of UPFs. Future studies should aim to quantify the amount of UPFs consumed and evaluate how this is associated with diet adequacy and nutritional outcomes.
Child feeding indexes measuring adherence to New Zealand nutrition guidelines: Development and assessment
Authors: Gontijo de Castro Teresa , Gerritsen Sarah , Santos Leonardo P. , Marchioni Dirce M. L. , Morton Susan M. B. , Wall Clare
Published: July 2022

New Zealand (NZ) lacks nationally representative or generalisable information on the dietary intakes of pre‐schoolers. We used Growing Up in New Zealand cohort data to i) develop child feeding indexes (CFIs) based on National Food and Nutrition Guidelines for 2‐ and 4.5‐year‐olds; ii) describe the cohort adherence to the guidelines at 2 (n = 6046) and 4.5 years (n = 5889) and; iii) assess the CFIs’ convergent construct validity, by exploring associations with maternal sociodemographic and health behaviours and with child body mass index for age (BMI/age) and the waist‐to‐height ratio at 4.5 years. The CFIs scores ranged from 0 to 11, with 11 representing full adherence to the guidelines. Associations were tested using multiple linear regressions and Poisson regressions with robust variance (risk ratios [RR], 95% confidence intervals, 95% CI). The CFIs mean scores (SD) at 2 and 4.5 years were, respectively, 6.13 (1.21) and 6.22 (1.26) points. Maternal characteristics explained, respectively, 27.2% and 31.9% of the variation in the CFIs scores at 2 and 4.5 years. In the adjusted model at the 4.5‐year interview, in relation to girls ranked in the 5th quintile, those in the 2nd (RR, 95% CI: 1.48; 1.03; 1.24) and 4th (1.53; 1.05; 2.23) quintiles of the CFI were more likely to have BMI/age > +2z (World Health Organization growth standards) at 4.5 years. At 2 and 4.5 years, most children fell short of meeting national guidelines. The associations between the CFIs scores at both time points with maternal characteristics and with children's body size at 4.5 years were in the expected directions, confirming the CFIs’ convergent construct validity among NZ pre‐schoolers.