bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety of the bivalent COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination among persons aged over 18 years in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Choi Seok-Kyoung , Kim Seontae , Ko Mijeong , Heo Yeseul , Kim Tae Eun , Lee Yeonkyeong , Jang Juyeon , Bahng Eunok
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to disseminate information about the safety of bivalent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA booster vaccines administered to adults in the Republic of Korea.Methods: Two databases were used to assess the safety of COVID-19 booster doses of Pfizer BA.1, Pfizer BA.4/5, Moderna BA.1, and Moderna BA.4/5 vaccines for adults aged 18 years and older. Adverse events (AEs) were analyzed using data reported to the web-based COVID-19 vaccination management system (CVMS) and a self-reported text-message survey.Results: Between October 11, 2022 and March 30, 2023, the CVMS received reports of 2,369 (93.7%) non-serious AEs from vaccinated adults, along with 158 (6.3%) serious AEs, which included 5 cases of anaphylaxis and 33 deaths. From October 11, 2022 to January 27, 2023, 40,022 people aged 18 and older responded to a survey conducted via text message. The booster doses were associated with fewer local and systemic AEs compared to the original vaccines. After receiving the bivalent vaccine, the most commonly reported AEs were pain at the injection site, headache, fatigue, and myalgia.Conclusion: Overall, bivalent vaccines exhibited fewer AEs compared to the original vaccines. The majority of AEs were non-serious, and serious AEs were rare among adults aged 18 years and older following vaccination with the Pfizer and Moderna bivalent vaccines.
Quercetin-Glycolic Acid Cocrystalization Using Solvent Evaporation and Slurry Methods
Authors: Barikah Kuni Zu'aimah , Wicaksono Yudi , Wisudyaningsih Budipratiwi
Published: November 2024

Quercetin is a flavonoid compound with the highest antioxidant activity and has the potential to treat various diseases. However, quercetin has poor solubility in water which causes low bioavailability of the drug in the body. One of the modifications that can be made to improve the solubility of a drug is solid modification, for example cocrystals. Cocrystal is a crystalline system between drug and coformer which interacts through hydrogen bonding. Glycolic acid is a compound that can function as a coformer because it has functional groups that have the potential to interact through hydrogen bonds with quercetin molecules. Quercetin-glycolic acid cocrystals were prepared in two molar ratios, namely 1:1 and 1:2, and through two methods of preparation, namely solvent evaporation and slurry. The results of the crystallinity analysis and thermal analysis of the sample indicated that a new solid phase was formed in the sample that was specific and different from the two constituent components. Samples with a molar ratio of 1:2 and the slurry preparation method are known to be samples with the most optimal new crystalline phase formation.
Radiomorfometri Sinus Maksilaris pada Anak Usia 7-12 Tahun menggunakan Radiograf Sefalometri Lateral
Authors: Kosasih Despiana Nursyifa , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Prasetyarini Swasthi
Published: November 2024

Pendahuluan: Sinus maksilaris menunjukkan variasi ukuran yang cukup besar dan akan terus berubah selama masa anak-anak. Sinus maksilaris adalah struktur anatomi penting dalam kedokteran gigi karena akar gigi posterior atas berada dekat dengan dasar sinus maksilaris. Tujuannya untuk menganalisis perbedaan ukuran sinus maksilaris pada anak usia menggunakan radiograf sefalometri lateral berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 229 radiograf sefalometri lateral (107 laki-laki dan 122 perempuan) dengan kriteria inklusi pasien berusia 7-12 tahun, kualitas radiografi baik, gambaran rongga sinus maksilaris dan batas-batasnya jelas, tidak terdapat kelainan patologis, serta data pasien lengkap. Kriteria ekslusi penelitian ini yaitu radiografi radiograf sefalometri lateral yang terdapat kesalahan terkait dengan ukuran dimensinya. Pengukuran sinus maksilaris dilakukan pada 2 dimensi yaitu anteroposterior dan superoinferior secara manual menggunakan jangka sorong digital oleh 3 pengamat yang telah dilakukan persamaan persepsi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent-sample t-test dan Uji One-Way Anova (α=0,05). Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara ukuran radiomorfometri sinus maksilaris dimensi anteroposterior dan superoinferior berdasarkan jenis kelamin p=0,06 (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan ukuran radiomorfometri sinus maksilaris sinus maksilaris dimensi anteroposterior dan superoinferior berdasarkan usia p=0,053 (p<0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan ukuran sinus maksilaris dimensi anteroposterior dan superoinferior berdasarkan jenis kelamin, namun terdapat perbedaan ukuran dimensi anteroposterior dan superoinferior sinus maksilaris berdasarkan usia.
UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BUAH OKRA HIJAU (Abelmoschus esculentus) KONSENTRASI 12,5%, 25%, 50% DAN 100% TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus mitis: penelitian eksperimental
Authors: Farizki Helmy Affan , Lestari Sri , Wulandari Erawati , Fatmawati Dwi Warna Aju , Rakhmadian Ratih Delio , Nugroho Raditya
Published: November 2024

Pendahuluan: Nekrosis pulpa adalah kondisi terjadinya kematian sel di dalam rongga pulpa dan saluran akar sebagai akibat dari karies gigi. Bakteri yang berperan dalam karies gigi hingga nekrosis pulpa yaitu S. mitis yang merupakan spesies alfa-hemolitik mesofil Streptococcus yang berkembang dalam mulut manusia yang umum ditemukan di tenggorokan, nasofaring, dan mulut. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis antibakteri ekstrak buah okra hijau (Abelmoschus esculentus) dibandingkan dengan NaOCL dan EDTA terhadap S. mitis. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan pendekatan posttest only control group design. Terdapat 2 kelompok kontrol yaitu NaOCl 2,5% dan EDTA 17% serta 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak buah okra hijau konsentrasi 12,5, 25, 50 dan 100%. Buah okra hijau yang akan dikembangkan sebagai bahan irigasi diidentifikasi dan diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan etanol 96% hingga menghasilkan ekstrak kental konsentrasi 100%. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan diameter zona hambat ekstrak buah okra hijau (Abelmoschus esculentus) terjadi mulai dari konsentrasi ekstrak 12,5, 25, 50% dan 100%. Rerata diameter zona hambat dari yang terkecil hingga terbesar yaitu ekstrak buah okra hijau konsentrasi 12,5% (10,51 mm), 25% (13,67 mm), 50% (15,15 mm), dan 100% (17,54 mm). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, uji homogenitas Levene, dan uji Kruskall-Wallis dengan hasil nilai p=0,000 atau p<0,05. Simpulan: Ekstrak buah okra hijau (Abelmoschus esculentus) dengan konsentrasi 12,5, 25, 50%, dan 100% memiliki daya antibakteri yang lebih kecil jika dibandingkan dengan NaOCl 2,5% dan EDTA 17% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. mitis.
Microorganisms of solid waste as an opportunity for waste disposal and increasing environmental sustainability in the south of Kazakhstan
Authors: Akhmet Ainagul , Karimova Saulet , Zhumadullayeva Alisa , Ashirbayeva Saltanat , Tlegenova Kulaisha , Alikhan Akmaral , Issayeva Akmaral , Tleukeyeva Assel , Kedelbayev Bakhytzhan
Published: November 2024

The study is devoted to the problem of processing the organic waste that is generated as a result of paper, textiles and other industries production as well as food waste. The growth of economic activity in Kazakhstan has resulted in a significant challenge with regard to industrial waste management. The accumulation of waste on the territory of the country has reached 31.72 billion tonnes, comprising approximately 2.5 billion tonnes of hazardous waste, 50 million tonnes of phosphorus-containing waste, over 2.5 million tonnes of lead-zinc waste and more than 120 million tonnes of solid domestic waste. The study object was the Shymkent-Kokys polygons. According to the research carried out, it was determined that the titer of microorganisms of the studied groups is 1–10 CFU/g in the soils selected around the garbage in the area of the Shymkent landfill. The titer of microorganisms in the soil horizons was high at a depth of 20–30 cm and the titer were 109 cells/mL. The structure of the soil microbiome obtained around the Shymkent Waste Landfill consists of actinomycetes, micromycetes, heterotrophic bacteria, nitrifying, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, enterobacteria, as well as algae and protozoa. It was found that strains KPA1, KPA2 Pseudomonas sp. strains KPA3, KPA4, KPA5 Bacillus sp. isolated from the soils of the Shymkent-Kokys landfill are able to recycle domestic waste with a high content of cellulose and organic substances up to 95%–97%. The findings can be used to develop more effective organic cellulosic waste management strategies and improve the environmental sustainability of various industries.
Factors hindering the implementation of urban planning tools in Central Africa: Case study of reference urban plan for Sarh Town (Chad)
Authors: Teadoum Naringué François , Tob-Ro N’Dilbé , Allarané Ndonaye , Azagoun Vidjinnagni Vinasse Ametooyona , Hetcheli Follygan
Published: November 2024

The reference urban plan is an urban planning tool often used to orient the development of Chadian cities. However, expanding Chadian urban centers, such as Sarh, face challenges in implementing urban planning orientations of their urban plans within the set deadlines. The objective of this study is to identify the factors impeding the effective implementation of the reference urban plan for Sarh town. The methodology employed encompasses a literature review, individual interviews with urban planning experts, geographic information system (GIS) data, household surveys and statistical analysis. The results revealed that less than a quarter (19.72%) of the households surveyed were aware of the reference urban plan. The applied logistic regression model identified age, occupation and level of education as the main factors influencing public participation in the preparation of the reference urban plan. On average, 33.33% of the urban planning guidelines and 21.74% of the projected urban projects were implemented, with a difference of 1631.28 hectares (ha) between the projected plan and the actual plan for the town. Five factors were identified as contributing to the failure to implement the reference urban plan for Sarh town, including low funding, inadequate land management, a lack of political will, weak governance and poor communication. Consequently, participatory and inclusive planning approaches, effective financial mobilisation, strong governance, and the use of modern technologies such as GIS tools are recommended to enhance the implementation of urban planning tools.
Exploring the challenges and opportunities for sustainability reporting adoption among small and medium enterprises: A case in a developing country in Asia
Authors: Binaluyo Jonathan P.
Published: November 2024

Sustainability has turned into a critical focus for businesses, drawing considerable interest from the commercial sector and scholarly environments. While empirical investigations have been conducted regarding sustainability reporting within small and medium enterprises, only a limited number of companies are subjected to increased pressure to adopt sustainability reporting practices, thereby ensuring enhanced transparency and disclosure in their financial and sustainability disclosures. This research, framed by Institutional Theory, delves into how challenges in sustainability reporting obstruct organizations from properly evaluating and sharing their progress on sustainability aims. With an explanatory research framework in place, we circulated survey questionnaires to 400 participants, who were randomly drawn from a population of 28,927 registered SMEs in Metro Manila, Philippines. The application of Interpretative Structural Modelling and MICMAC Analysis revealed that the absence of regulatory frameworks, governmental assistance, and sustainability infrastructure constitutes the most critical obstacles impacting other determinants. In contrast, neither the deficiency in sustainability awareness nor the inadequacy of training and skills demonstrated a considerable impact on the other identified barriers. This study clarifies the complex interactions and interrelations among the obstacles to sustainability reporting, thus providing significant perspectives for organizations aiming to overcome these difficulties. The findings suggest that business leaders and stakeholders can formulate targeted strategies and interventions to facilitate the adoption of sustainability reporting practices within organizations. The application of the institutional theory framework highlights that pressures arise from a diverse array of institutional actors, including regulators, customers, and local communities, which collectively shape corporate behavior and reporting methodologies.
Strengthening social cohesion through the Manyanda tradition in Minangkabau customary society: A cultural insight from West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Susi Fitria , Syafril Rizki , Hasmira Mira Hasti , Bakhtiar Yusnanik , Salleh Kahirol Mohd , Yulika Febri , Evelynd Evelynd , Sulaiman Nor Lisa
Published: November 2024

Manyanda tradition, a tradition of taking over social roles after death, in addition to successfully maintaining social continuity in the family structure, is also a potential capital in strengthening social cohesion. However, this context has not been discussed comprehensively in previous studies so it is very important to explain. In addition to responding to the shortcomings of previous studies, this study also aims to explain the mechanisms, factors and implications of the practice of this tradition as a reflection of social cohesion based on customary and religious values. By using a qualitative descriptive case study approach, this study shows three important findings. First, the spontaneity of the community and traditional leaders when hearing the news of death and social activities forty days afterwards. Second, the dominance of spiritual and cultural factors in addition to social and structural factors that encourage the community to preserve this tradition. Third, the Manyanda tradition has implications for strengthening the community’s commitment and belief in the meaning of death, the importance of a replacement figure who takes over social roles and strengthens the tribal identity of the Nagari (local village) community. This study recommends the importance of this tradition to be preserved as the root of social cohesion.
Application of Modern Machine Diagnostic Systems to Improve Safety in the Underground Mining Process
Authors: Trzop Konrad , Kuric Ivan , Brodny Jarosław , Tutak Magdalena
Published: November 2024

Currently used machine diagnostic systems are based on very modern solutions based on the acquisition and recording of their operating parameters in real time. Increasingly available and high-tech sensor systems mean that the number of recorded parameters is increasing and their quality is improving. These data are mainly used to assess the technical condition of machines and the processes they perform. In mining, these data can also be used to assess and, at a later stage, improve the safety of the underground mining process. Referring to this issue, the paper presents examples of the use of diagnostic systems for powered roof supports and longwall shearers to assess the safety status of the underground hard coal mining process. In the case of the wall support, the focus was on measuring the pressures in the stands of its individual sections. Temporary changes in the values of these pressures constitute a valuable source of information regarding the interaction of the support with the rock mass. In particular, this concerns the identification of the effects of the informational impact of the rock mass on the longwall excavation protected by the support. The research results presented in the paper, especially in the case of very dangerous dynamic impacts, indicate the possibility of both diagnosing the operating condition of the section and identifying symptoms of exposure to such events. This undoubtedly significantly expands the possibilities of using the measured pressures. Diagnostic signals from a longwall shearer are also widely used. The current intensities drawn by its motors while cutting the rock mass, as well as the advance speed and its position in the wall make it possible to analyze these parameters and their changes before, during and after the occurrence of various types of events. These data enable the assessment of the effects of the rock mass on its operational efficiency and safety status. It also enables the identification of symptoms that precede the occurrence of such events. The presented examples indicate the need for a broader and more holistic approach to the use of diagnostic parameters of mining machines. In particular, this concerns the study of the cooperation between the support and the rock mass and its influence on the efficiency and safety of the rock mass mining process. The subject matter addressed relates to very important and current issues, and the developed methodology and obtained results should be applied in practice as soon as possible.
Implementation and Benefits of the 5S Method in Improving Workplace Organisation – A Case Study
Authors: Mazur Magdalena , Korenko Maroš , Žitňák Miroslav , Shchur Taras , Kiełbasa Paweł , Dostál Petr , Dzhidzhora Oleg , Idzikowski Adam
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the use of the 5S methodology in an organization. It focuses on the implementation of 5S in an organization involved in the production and processing of metal components for the automotive industry. 5S is a Japanese methodology that was first applied in the automotive industry to improve productivity. The article is dedicated to the basic principles of lean manufacturing.The practical part analyses the state of the workplaces before the introduction of 5S and the actual implementation of this methodology. The implementation of 5S brings a number of benefits to the organization, including:

- reducing time wasted searching for tools,

- improving safety,

- boosting employee morale,

- building the culture of the organization.

Keeping the workspace organized with visual aids helps to increase productivity and reduce waste. The ultimate goal of 5S is continuous improvement in the workplace. The final section evaluates the benefits to the organization after the implementation of 5S. By implementing this strategy, the workplace becomes clean and standardized, allowing employees to work as efficiently as possible. The 5S method creates a more efficient work environment by improving the organization and optimizing the system of operation.
Analysis of Indicators of the Electrical Power Production Enterprises’ Pollution and Harm Risk Degree in Terms of the Paris Agreement
Authors: Kozlov Olexiy , Kovalchuk Vyacheslav , Vistiak Serhii , Klymchuk Nataliya
Published: November 2024

In the current decade, electricity consumption will increase by more than 16%. The main resources for electricity generation are oil – 2.53%; gas – 22.9%; coal – 35.98%; nuclear industry – 9.84%; hydraulic power regeneration – 15.01%; renewable sources – 12.85%; other – 0.89%. This causes global warming of the planet due to greenhouse gases increased emissions into the atmosphere. A resource capable to cover the thermal energy field’s balance is the nuclear energy. To compare the resources’ polluting capacity, it is necessary to introduce a general indicator that takes into account their properties. This study proposes an integrated approach based on the formation of groups of indicators reflecting greenhouse gas emissions; power consumption; economic activity, air quality, etc. For comparison needs, all indicators are normalized in dimensionless form and compiled with reference to their specific weight. Calculations of the pollution index for fossil resources and nuclear energy, carried out using this algorithm proved that the nuclear power, with a careful consideration of all possible polluting radionuclides (11 components), exceeds this indicator for gas by 22%, but is lower than ciphers for coal and oil by 36 and 26%, respectively. For two latters only 3 specific components being taken into account. Therefore, it seems advisable to use the considered complex indicator of environmental pollution to assess the resource safety level for electricity generation.
Perancangan Motion Graphic Edukasi Kami Juga Manusia, Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Pratama Indra Wahyu , Erlyana Yana
Published: November 2024

Mental health, is a health issue that is no less important than physical health, but unfortunately public awareness of mental health issues is still very lacking. The lack of public awareness of mental health disorders is influenced by several factors, where one of the most influential factors is the low level of public knowledge about mental health, so that there is an error in the public's perspective on the survivors of mental health disorders themselves. This of course can lead to mistreatment of survivors of mental health disorders, potentially stigmatizing treatments. Based on these data, this study aims to use the right learning media to change the public's perspective on mental health disorders in order to reduce the existing stigmatization. The method used is the design thinking method which is a method of developing a product that begins with efforts to answer problems that exist in society. The results of this study a learning media in the form of video motion graphics with cartoon visual style and a way of delivering information with an emotional and rational approach has its own charm for the audience.
“Working is my me time”: Exploring the perception of me time among working mothers
Authors: Alverina Yohana , Hanami Yuliana , Abidin Fitri Ariyanti
Published: November 2024

Me time holds significance for personal enjoyment and relaxation, yet its exploration, particularly among Indonesian mothers, is limited. This qualitative study interviewed three full-time working mothers (aged 28, 30 and 36) to understand their perceptions in me time allocation before marriage, after marriage, and after having children. Thematic analysis identified six major themes: a) the importance of me time, b) factors hindering it, c) diverse interpretations, d) activities pursued, e) repercussions of inadequate me time, and f) coping strategies employed. This study underscores the significance of dedicating me time as a means to alleviate the stress experienced in day-to-day life. Maternal individuals exhibit an adaptive inclination to tailor their approach to personal time management in light of the demands imposed by motherhood. This research effectively accentuates the necessity of prioritizing me time to enhance holistic well-being and fortitude when confronted with maternal responsibilities.
Preventive Measure and Action towards Livestock Disease: Law on Animal Husbandry and Animal Health
Authors: Budiman Haris , Yuhandra Erga , Faisal Koko Ahmad
Published: November 2024

The research aims to examine the implementation of Law Number 18 of 2009; Animal Husbandry and Animal Health, the preventive measure and its action. The urgency of the research is to raise people's awareness on the importance of livestock health and to effectively enforce existing regulation. Thus, the potential impact to human health and the livestock economy could be mitigated. Meanwhile, to collect data, analyze difficulties, and find solutions, the researchers employed empirical-juridical approaches such as surveys, interviews with relevant parties, and field observations in Kuningan Regency. The findings revealed that the Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Law explicitly regulates preventative and remedial measures for livestock diseases, highlighting the role of both national and local governments in advancing animal health. In addition, the government regulation on veterinary authorities’ states all of the topics, including preventive, action, livestock traffic, infrastructure, and facilities. The execution of the so-called policies at the regional level reveals a multitude interrelated barriers. The inability to implement policies can be attributed to a number of factors, including inconsistent regulations between regional and higher levels of legislation, a lack of qualified human resources, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, the effect of local customs and culture, and the quality of community education. To sum up, the investigation has improved our comprehension on the effectiveness of the laws. Yet, to improve the livestock’s health and wellbeing and minimize its disease transmission, it is advised to enhance compliance and best practices related to livestock management.
Sacred sources as objects of cultural heritage: on the issue of classification
Authors: Gibel'gaus Tat'yana Andreevna
Published: November 2024

The subject of the study is sacred water sources, which can be recognized as objects of cultural and natural heritage. Sacred water sources are important objects of religious worship and places of pilgrimage, of particular importance to various cultures and religions. They are often accompanied by legends, which makes them unique and valuable objects of cultural and natural heritage. However, despite their importance, many sacred sources remain unidentified and unprotected, which can lead to their loss and disappearance. The authors, based on the results of expeditionary research conducted by scientists and graduate students of the Altai State Pedagogical University, hypothesized that sacred water sources can be identified as objects of cultural and natural heritage. In order to identify sacred water sources as objects of cultural and natural heritage, their study and typologization is necessary. The article analyzes various approaches to the typologization and classification of sources, including territorial, infrastructural, historical, ethnographic and anthropological. Particular attention is paid to the various levels of clericalization and infrastructural security of sources. The author examines various factors influencing the classification, such as the layering of meaning, local traditions and the variability of the status of sacred sites. The study also highlights the need for an interdisciplinary approach to typologization in order to take into account all aspects of their essence. Among other things, the authors focus on the term "sacred water source", which is insufficiently defined in the legislative framework and modern dictionaries. In general, the study highlights the need for a deeper and more systematic approach to the study and protection of sacred sites, which is important for preserving the cultural identity and spiritual heritage of the peoples of the country.
On the issue of classification of parameters of artistic space in an animated film
Authors: Zaitcev Aleksei Yakovlevich
Published: November 2024

Artistic space in animation art is a multifaceted concept, including various aspects that influence the perception of an animated film. This topic is actively discussed in theoretical discourse and covers various approaches to its terminological definition and classification. The purpose of this scientific study is to justify the choice of universal parameters, from the point of view of the author of the work, characterizing the artistic space of an animated film. The object of the study was animation cinema as a phenomenon of art and culture. The subject of the study is the artistic space of an animation work. The objectives of the study are to analyze existing art classifications parameters of the artistic space of an animated film, as well as to propose the following parameters for analyzing the artistic space of an animated work: semantic, temporal, editing-rhythmic, color-light, sound. To classify the artistic space of an animated film, a system-analytical and typological approach was used. In the analysis of animated films, descriptive-analytical and structural-semantic methods were used. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it is the first to propose a classification of parameters with the help of which it is possible to deeply analyze different aspects of the artistic space of an animated work, which is of interest for further art history research in the field of animated cinema. As examples of how the listed parameters of the artistic space of an animated work contribute to a holistic and deep examination of the films, the films of Russian animation film directors - Yu. B. Norshteyn "The Tale of Tales" and D. A. Geller "A Man Meets a Woman" - are analyzed. The proposed classification provides potential for art historical research in the field of animation art.
Turbulent Noise Sources Reduction by Large-Eddy Breakup Devices and Riblets
Authors: Muhammad Chioma , Chong Tze Pei
Published: November 2024

An experimental study is presented on the application of large-eddy breakup (LEBU) on a flat plate as an outer layer source-targeting device to mitigate the wall pressure fluctuations and lateral coherence length scale of a turbulent boundary-layer developed at zero pressure gradient. Both represent the prominent noise sources for the trailing-edge noise radiation. When a LEBU is placed strategically at the outer part of a turbulent boundary-layer, the wall pressure spectra can establish a self-similar behavior against [Formula: see text], which is a normalized separation distance between the LEBU’s trailing-edge and the targeted location for noise mitigation. It is found that [Formula: see text] has to be greater than 3 to achieve an overall reduction in the wall pressure fluctuations. What appears to be the optimal LEBU configuration for the mitigation of wall pressure fluctuations, however, will not be reciprocated in the lateral coherence length. The combined effect would render the LEBU rather ineffective to reduce the frequency-integrated, overall noise radiation. Our previous study has confirmed that riblets, a near-wall source-targeting device, is more effective in the mitigation of the lateral coherence length. Under the principle of non-interference, a combination of riblets and LEBU demonstrates that reduction of the frequency-integrated, overall noise radiation can be achieved, again at [Formula: see text].
Unified LSPG Model Reduction Framework and Assessment for Hypersonic Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Chmiel Matthew R. , Barnett Joshua , Farhat Charbel
Published: November 2024

A unified least-squares Petrov–Galerkin (LSPG) framework for projection-based model order reduction featuring three different approximation manifolds [affine manifold, quadratic manifold, and nonlinear manifold built using a deep artificial neural network (ANN)] is presented. Its performance was assessed for a variable-speed version of the double-cone hypersonic benchmark problem. First, a high-dimensional viscous computational fluid dynamics model (HDM) was constructed, verified, and validated. The dimensionality of the HDM was then reduced using LSPG, each of the aforementioned approximation manifolds, and a global right reduced-order basis trained in the range [Formula: see text]. Each resulting global projection-based reduced-order model (PROM) was hyper-reduced and transformed into a hyper-reduced PROM (HPROM). The accuracy of each constructed HPROM was assessed for various quantities of interest and contrasted with that of snapshot interpolation. For this purpose, three different error measures were considered and discussed in the context of shock-dominated problems. Wall-clock and CPU time speedup factors are reported. Overall, it was shown that using a relatively small set of training data, all constructed LSPG HPROMs were nonlinearly stable, real-time capable, and highly predictive. The LSPG HPROM constructed using a nonlinear approximation manifold and an ANN was the most computationally efficient.
Comparing Discontinuous Galerkin Shock-Capturing Techniques Applied to Inviscid Three-Dimensional Hypersonic Flows
Authors: Peck Madeline M. , Harder Samuel A. , Waters Jiajia
Published: November 2024

This paper considers the performance of various shock-capturing schemes when simulating three-dimensional, hypersonic flows using the nodal discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element method on unstructured, hexahedral meshes. Simulations use a new code, Cartablanca++, which is verified using the method of manufactured solutions. Three shock-capturing techniques are compared: artificial viscosity (AV), slope limiting, and subcell finite volume limiting. Three test cases are considered, including a shock tube (one-dimensional), a reflecting shock (two-dimensional), and an inclined cylinder with a hemispherical endcap (three-dimensional). The AV formulation was not robust in the sense that it could not maintain pressure positivity after initialization from freestream conditions in the final three-dimensional test case. The slope and subcell limiters performed well in all simulations. Both techniques robustly captured strong shock waves while still benefiting from the use of high-order polynomials. The targeted application of the slope limiter prevented residual convergence to machine precision, while the subcell limiter could achieve residual convergence. The mixed DG/finite volume formulation, inherent to the subcell limiting scheme, appears sensitive to the inviscid flux function. Future work will consider modifications to reduce this sensitivity. Additionally, modifications to the shock detection techniques would improve performance for both the slope and subcell limiters.
A comprehensive exposition of the synergistic collaboration between the public and private spheres in healthcare
Authors: Panigrahi Priyanca , Satyarup Dharmashree , Nanda Jagruti
Published: November 2024

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) are a type of partnerships between the government and the private sector. PPPs promote innovation in healthcare by combining the resources of the public and private sectors. They provide advantages such as improved service, enhanced accessibility, and cost savings. However, they also have drawbacks such as divergent goals, hesitancy, influence imbalances, and limited data. This review focuses to examine types of PPP in healthcare such as service contracts, operations, maintenance contracts, and capital projects, with a focus on their diverse applications and impacts, its benefits, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, challenges, divergence goals, issues about prices, disputes, and the influence of private sector on healthcare quality, access, and costs in Indian scenario. The review also provides a comprehensive and globally relevant exploration of PPP in healthcare, with a special focus on dental care, non-clinical services, and pragmatic insights into its challenges and solutions, offering a valuable resource for stakeholders in the field.
Safety Factor Analysis on the Stability of the Retaining Wall Structure in Cimahi City, Indonesia
Authors: Ash Siddiq Raden Herdian Bayu Ash Siddiq , Fuad Hasan  , Roeshartono Roespinoedji
Published: November 2024

Retaining wall is a construction built to hold the ground on the slopes. Retaining wall can be said to be safe if its safety factors have been taken into account.In this study will be calculated the security factor based on SNI 8640:2017 on the location to be built retaining wall located in the area of Cimahi City, West Java using the help of software with two-dimensional finite element method.Based on the soil type map, the majority of the Cimahi City area consist of Tuffaceous Clay and Sandy Clay soils, which are alluvial fan deposits of volcanic origin, with soil thickness ranging from 1 m to 5 m. Retaining wall structures using cyclopean concrete appear to be slimmer compared to those using stone masonry. The use of dolken wood piles as additional reinforcement in locations using cyclopean concrete can strengthen the structure on the sliding plane, thus preventing overturning. Based on the modeling, the use of this structure resulted in a safety factor value greater than 1.5, with a displacement of 20 cm.
Quantitative Analysis of Thin Section using Frequency Measurement (Point Counting), a Case Study on Limestone of The Rajamandala Formation, Cikamuning, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Khorniawan Wahyu Budhi , Ringga Jayanti Anita Galih , Caesario Dipo
Published: November 2024

The description of thin sections observations has traditionally relied on the visual comparison method, often using a visual comparison chart. However, this method has interpretative limitations, as readings can vary between individuals, and the values produced tend to be rounded. The point counting method for determining frequency is one of the statistical approaches that quantitatively counts the presence of mineral grains or particles. The limestone samples were collected from the Rajamandala Formation in the Cikamuning area of West Java, Indonesia. The methodology involved petrographic observations using the point counting method, which entailed creating a grid on the thin sections with a total of 312 points and calculating the percentage of occurrence of the constituent rock compositions.
The analysis results showed constituent composition percentages of 33.65% for corals, 52.24% for matrix, 4.81% for cement, 2.56% for calcite, 3.85% for replacement, and 2.88% for porosity, categorizing the rock as coral wackstone. The facies is determined based on the presence of biota, while diagenesis is determined by the presence of cement types, secondary porosity, and grain contacts. In the research area, the identified facies is open marine (FZ 7), and the diagenesis includes marine phreatic, meteoric phreatic, and burial diagenesis.
Coulomb Stress Change of Active Fault in South Sumatra Region Revealed from Kerinci Earthquake October 06, 1995 Mw 6.7 and Sungai Penuh Earthquake October 01, 2009 Mw 6.6
Authors: Fadhlurrohman Rafi , Syafriani S. , Raharjo Furqon D. , Yusran Asnawi  , Ahadi Suaidi
Published: November 2024

We successfully highlight the correlation of Static Stress Change (ΔCFF) in the Kerimci earthquake October 06, 1995 Mw 6.7 and Sungai Penuh earthquake October 01, 2009 Mw 6.6 earthquakes to the seismicity conditions. The data used in this study are focal mechanism obtained from Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT) and seismicity obtained from USGS with M ≥ 4 after the main earthquake with a time span of 11 years. ΔCFF obtained in the Mentawai Fault System area has increased coulomb stress. ΔCFF obtained in the Suliti Segment, Ketaun Segment, and Back arc Basin of Jambi experienced an increase in stress, which can indicate the potential for future earthquakes, but there was no increase in seismicity. Besides that, ΔCFF in areas that experienced a decrease in stress, experienced an increase in seismicity. This is caused by background seismicity in the area and several factors influence the results of the calculation of ΔCFF against seismicity. Simplicity in calculation causes difficulty in explaining seismicity, especially in the blue lobe. Moreover, the use of receiver fault mechanism produces a very large error in the complex regional stress field. The use of a constant friction coefficient also produces a very large error in the calculation.
HLA-G rs1063320 Polymorphism with the incidence of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (RSA) in Iraqi Women
Authors: Farhan Shireen H. , Mahmood Shahad H. , Baqer Noor Nihad
Published: November 2024

Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a serious complication of pregnancy caused by multiple factors. This study examined whether serum HLA-G concentrations and the HLA-G (rs1063320) SNP were associated with RSA risk. Control 48 healthy females and 48 other with idiopathic RSA were included. By using an ELISA kit for human leukocyte antigen G, the quantity of HLA-G was quantified. HLA-G serum level was 27.26 ± 0.4U/mL and 16.52 ± 0.9 U/mL in women with RSA and apparently healthy women respectively. By employing RT-PCR and the TaqMan genotyping assay, the genotypes were identified. The findings revealed significant distinction in the concentration of HLA-G between apparently healthy as compared with the RSA women. The frequency of allele G was 0.26 and 0.20 in RSA women and control respectively whilst the frequency of allele C was 0.74 and 0.80 in RSA women and control respectively indicating no statistically variations in GG, GC, CC genotype frequency rate distribution and allele frequencies among the studies groups. In conclusion, the genotypes of rs1063320 are not associated with the risk of RSA.
Merging Photoexcited Nitroarenes with Lewis Acid Catalysis for the Anti-Markovnikov Oxidation of Alkenes
Authors: Paolillo Joshua , Saleh Mahmoud , Junk Ethan , Parasram Marvin
Published: November 2024

A protocol for the oxidation of alkenes to carbonyls and acetonides via the interplay of photoexcited nitroarenes and Lewis acid catalysis is described. Terminal 1,1-disubstitued alkenes were oxidized selectively to the aldehyde products, while tri- and tetrasubstituted alkenes generated ketone products with anti-Markovnikov selectivity. Terminal mono-substituted alkenes were oxidized to acetonides when acetone was employed as a co-solvent. The mild conditions of the reaction allow for a wide range of alkenes to be oxidized. Mechanistic studies support that Lewis acid coordination to the 1,3,2-dioxazolidine intermediate formed by irradiation of the nitroarene and alkene results in a Meinwald-like rearrangement to generate carbonyl derivatives. In the presence of acetone, acetonides are formed from the same intermediate through a nucleophilic substitution pathway.
Nef mediates neuroimmune response, myelin impairment, and neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected mice
Authors: Schenck Jessica K , Clarkson-Paredes Cheryl , Pushkarsky Tatiana , Wang Yongsen , Miller Robert H , Bukrinsky Michael I
Published: November 2024

The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has markedly improved the management of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, HAND still affects nearly half of HIV-infected individuals, presenting significant challenges to their well-being. This highlights the critical need for a deeper understanding of HAND mechanisms. Among HIV viral proteins, Nef is notable for its multifaceted role in HIV pathogenesis, though its specific involvement in HAND remains unclear. To investigate this, we used a murine model infected with Nef-expressing (EcoHIV) and Nef-deficient (EcoHIVΔNef) murine HIV. Comparative analyses revealed increased neuroinflammation and reduced myelin and neuronal integrity in EcoHIV-infected brains compared with those with EcoHIVΔNef. Both viruses induced astrogliosis, with stronger GFAP activation in Nef-deficient infections. These findings suggest that Nef contributes to neuroinflammation, primarily through microglial targeting and demyelination, although other factors may regulate astrogliosis. Our results indicate that Nef may significantly contribute to neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected mice, offering insights into Nef-induced neuropathology in HAND and guiding future research.
Literacy entrepreneurship exploration: Students' perceptions of business opportunities in language and literature
Authors: Ulya Chafit , Suwandi Sarwiji , Wardani Nugraheni Eko , Setiyoningsih Titi , Havyarimana Célestin
Published: November 2024

Literacy entrepreneurship is a field of entrepreneurship that focuses on developing language and literature-based products and services to strengthen literacy culture in society. The role of higher education is very important in fostering the entrepreneurial spirit of literacy. Research shows that many students still face challenges in developing literacy-based businesses, such as a lack of knowledge about business management, unsupportive attitudes, and inadequate practical skills. Therefore, it is important to explore the level of entrepreneurial literacy knowledge, attitudes and skills among college students in order to design effective educational programs. Entrepreneurship education in higher education does not only focus on opening a business, but also on forming character, mindset and entrepreneurial behavior. This research aims to fill this gap by analyzing the level of knowledge, attitudes and literacy entrepreneurial skills of students, as well as providing recommendations for developing a more effective and comprehensive literacy entrepreneurship education curriculum. It is hoped that the research results can be used by higher education institutions to design programs that are more suited to student needs and support the development of literacy entrepreneurship education programs
Some legal issues regulating the rational use of agricultural land in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Bekezhanov Dаuren , Nessipbayeva Indira , Rzabay Аktoty , Nessipbaev Olzhas
Published: November 2024

The article was prepared within the framework of the grant project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan No AP14870596 «Problems of legal regulation of the rational use and protection of pasture ecosystems».Kazakhstan ranks sixth in the world in terms of pasture resources. As you know, more than 40 percent of the population lives in rural areas. Many of them would have nothing to spare if their own animals were neither their main income nor their living wage. However, the shortage of pastures has become a big problem for rural residents in recent years. In the 2021 Head of State Address, special attention was paid to this issue. At that time, Kassym-Zhomart Kemelovich paid special attention to the issues of providing pasture lands for personal subsidiary plots.The Address stipulates that, according to the Land Code, agricultural land will not be provided to foreigners, as well as priority provision of pasture for livestock in household plots of the population and an increase in the volume of land required for the procurement of feed, and is also instructed to ensure openness in the land sector and access to the land cadastral information and create a unified national database on the land fund and real estate.The Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not provide benefits for enterprises processing agricultural products and agriculture. Processors purchase 90% of raw materials from peasant farms, and they are exempt from value added tax. At the same time, 50% of the price of finished products is the cost of raw materials. As a result, processing enterprises cannot credit value added tax that is subject to offset. All this today does not stimulate the competitiveness of enterprises processing agricultural products.One of the main problems of enterprises processing agricultural raw materials is the low competi-tiveness of domestic products. As you know, the basis of competition for any product is its quality and price. The high level of prices for the products of Kazakhstani processing enterprises is due to an increase in interest rates on bank loans, prices for transport services, as well as the current taxation system, espe-cially the value added tax.The level of tax revenue from agriculture is low and it is focused only on agricultural processing. Compared to other industries, taxes from agriculture are minimal.Taxes are the main source of financing the political and economic activities of the state, since 90 percent of state budget revenues come from tax revenues. Today, in order for taxation and tax structure to help the whole world become competitive, it is necessary to stimulate efficiency and stability, and for this it is necessary to have a tax policy, to effectively, expediently implement tax regulation.