bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimate of change in specific cohesion between fracture surfaces by back-calculation: A case study of open pit mine Zhelezny of Kovdor Mining and Processing Plant
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, Agarkov I. B. , Ignatenko I. M. ,   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, Dunaev V. A. ,   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, Kryuchkov I. S. ,   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
Published: November 2020

This article presents the back-calculation data on bench deformations in open pit mine Zhelezny of Kovdor Mining and Processing Plant. The calculations are performed for 105 rock falls divided into six groups with respect to volume (m3): 0–200 is group 1; >200–500 is group 2; >500–1000 is group 3; >1000–5000 is group 4; >5000–10000 is group 5; >10000 is group 6. The computational method was the single-factor analysis of change in specific cohesion between the surfaces of deformation-limiting fractures. The internal friction angle is assumed to be constant as it is the least of all changeable and is correlatable with laboratory test data. Actual rock falls were simulated in GIS GEOMIX. The simulation correctness was ensured by the high-accuracy referencing and orientation measurements of fractures using 3D models constructed based on laser scanning and drone photography. For all sampled rocks, it is found that specific cohesion between fracture surfaces grows with increasing volume of rock falls. Specific cohesion in case of small volume rock falls (0–200 м3) in all types of rocks, except for olivinite, is approximately the same and ranges as 0.0021–0.011 MPa; for olivinite, this value is higher by 20 % at least. Higher rate slipping along fractures is typical of fenite (almost in all groups, specific cohesion is lower by 10–90 % than in other rock types), which is governed by supergene mineralization of fenites and by down water flow in fractures. The low and approximately equal values of specific cohesion (0.0058–0.0094 MPa) are observed in group 0–200 m3, which is conditioned by the action of blasting on deformation of benches. The study is carried out under State Contract No. 075-03-2020-474/1 от 05.03.2020.
Understanding the regularities of recovering non-ferrous and rare earth metals from standard test solutions by flotation and solvent sublation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Lobacheva O. L. , Dzhevaga N. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Danilov A. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2020

This paper describes the results of experimental and theoretical studies that looked at ion exchange processes in liquid phase systems containing nonferrous metals, rare earth elements and a surfactant — i.e. sodium dodecylsulphate (NaDS). Ion flotation processes are considered in reciprocal systems containing Co+2 and Ni+2. There is a number of reasons for choosing the above salts: – The problem of removing cations of heavy metals (in particular, Co+2 and Ni+2) from water is of relevance; – At рН 7, these ions do not form hydroxides or hydroxide residue; – Co+2 and Ni+2 bond with NaDS to form easily soluble salts; – Quite a few low-cost analysis techniques are known that can detect these ions. Ion flotation processes were also examined in systems containing rare earth elements, NaCl and surfactants. The influence of Cl– ions on the distribution coefficient in Sm+3 and Eu+3 containing systems was studied by comparing instability constants typical of chlorine compounds and hydroxides. It was found that a rising concentration of NaCl is associated with a rising pH of cations of the rare earth elements of interest at the early stage of recovery and during the peak recovery. The paper considers an innovative technique to examine systems with rare earth elements and surfactants — i.e. solvent sublation. The authors examine the possibility of recovering ions of lanthanides (e.g. erbium) by solvent sublation using NaDS as a collector and isooctyl alcohol as an extractant. Many researchers believe the latter to be the best agent for such studies. The concentration of Er+3 in the standard test solutions was 0.001 mol/l. As the process develops, the concentration of extracted ions asymptotically approaches the value that is typical of a system approaching its steady state. It was established that in these conditions the maximum recovery for Er+3 is reached at рН of 8.0. This research study was funded through a scholarship granted by the President of the Russian Federation to young researchers and postgraduate students under the following project: SP-347.2019.1 “Ion flotation as an innovative and efficient technique to recover rare earth elements while concentrating dilute industrial solutions with possible identification of elements”.
Nanoionics - the Developing Informative System. Part. 1. Stages of Formation and Modern State of Nanoionics in Russia
Authors:   Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russian Federation, Despotuli A.L. , Andreeva A.V. ,   Institution of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The critical review of stages of formation, development, and modern state of nanoionics in Russia and in the world is presented. The nanoionics is considered as the developing information system; its history is analyzed for the first time in terms of the dynamic theory of information and strategic innovative management. The history stages of beginnings and development of an applied and theoretical nanoionics in Russia are considered in this part of the review. In the main, the results of IMT RAS where researches were carried out for expansion of the nanoionics borders in new directions are analyzed. Results of development of new directions, such as dynamic theory of fast ionic transport (FIT) at a nanoscale (structure-dynamic approach of nanoionics, SDA), and nanoionics of advanced superionic conductors (AdSICs) are presented in more detail. Potential of these directions in breakthrough technologies is discussed.
Research of Influence of Power RF GaN Transistor Constructions on it's Thermal Mode
Authors:   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Timoshenkov V.P. , Khlybov A.I. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rodionov D.V. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Panteleev A.I. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

This paper shows influence of power RF GaN transistors construction on it's thermal mode. Field GaN transistor (with field plate) was researched. The influence of field-plate on transistor thermal mode was analysed and compared to other constructions.
On the Influence on the Operation of the Quadrated Transistor of Short Circuits between the Gate of a Single Transistor, its other Outputs and the Power Source
Authors:   Institute of Information Technologies, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation, Aleksandrov P.A. , Zhuk V.I. ,   Institute of Information Technologies, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The influence on the operation of the quadrated transistor of short circuits between the gate of the field transistor and its other outputs (source, drain, substrate) and also its power source with input signals 0 and 1 on the gate for two variants of the quadrated transistor circuit is considered. It is shown that in an overwhelming number of cases the result at the output of the quadrated transistor is correct.
Big Science, Ethics, and the Scalar Effects of Urban Planning
Authors: Kopljar Sandra
Published: November 2020

The urban expansion currently under development around the two materials science facilities MAX IV and European Spallation Source in Lund, Sweden, surrounds two meticulously designed research facilities steered by global demands. The new urban area, together with the research facilities dedicated to science and the development of knowledge, expands the city of Lund onto high-quality agricultural land. In doing so, the municipal planning is attempting to align contemporary ideas of sustainable urban development with large-scale scientific infrastructure. This actualizes an ethical dilemma as the urban expansion onto productive agricultural land overrides previous decisions taken by the municipality regarding land use. It can also be understood as going against national land use policy which states that development on productive agricultural land should be avoided. As the planning stands today, the research facilities heavily push local urban development into the area while the intended research outcomes primarily relate to a global research community tied to international scientific demands for materials science. Although the Brunnshög area is realized through a neutralizing planning strategy, thought to balance and compensate for the development on farmland, the effects of the counterbalancing acts are primarily played out at a local urban level in terms of diverse, exciting, and locally sustainable neighbourhoods. The land use protection policies meant to secure national food production rather operates on a national scale. The argument made in this text is that sustainable development, and the intended balancing acts it involves, ought to be carefully considered in terms of scalar effects. Sustainable planning effects’ scalar extent should be taken into account through careful assessment of the step between good intentions and expected outcomes.
Guilt-Tripping: On the Relation between Ethical Decisions, Climate Change and the Built Environment
Authors: Prieto de la Fuente Paulina
Published: November 2020

The curiosity of how the built environment, implicitly and explicitly, affects how citizens and users make choices in their everyday life related to climate change is on the rise. If there is a nicely designed bike lane, the choice to bike to work is much more easily taken than if the only option is a densely trafficked road. But which responsibility does the built environment have for citizens to be as climate neutral as possible and, in extension, who should it burden? Is it the individual user, the designer, the planner, the policymaker or global politics? Media is playing an important and complicated role here; it works both as a source of information and as a trigger, instigating both feelings of guilt, fear, and shame in order to set change in motion. In this article, I will discuss everyday climate-related decision-making fuelled by shame and guilt, drawing on Judith Butler’s writings on ethical obligations and narrating it with findings from a mapping study of daily transportation routes that I conducted in a middle-class suburb outside of Lund, in Sweden. There appears to be a dissonance between the relatively high knowledge about one’s responsibility concerning climate change and the limited space to manoeuvre in everyday life. Even though shame and guilt may be driving forces to make decisions, the possibility to imagine and to change needs to be expanded.
A Shared Everyday Ethic of Public Sociability: Outdoor Public Ice Rinks as Spaces for Encounter
Authors: Horgan Mervyn , Liinamaa Saara , Dakin Amanda , Meligrana Sofia , Xu Meng
Published: November 2020

Everyday life in urban public space means living amongst people unknown to one another. As part of the broader convivial turn within the study of everyday urban life (Wise & Noble, 2016), this article examines outdoor public ice rinks as spaces for encounter between strangers. With data drawn from 100 hours of naturalistic and participant observation at free and accessible outdoor public non-hockey ice rinks in two Canadian cities, we show how ‘rink life’ is animated by a shared everyday ethic of public sociability, with strangers regularly engaging in fleeting moments of sociable interaction. At first glance, researching the outdoor public ice rink may seem frivolous, but in treating it seriously as a public space we find it to be threaded through with an ethos of interactional equality, reciprocal respect, and mutual support. We argue that the shared everyday ethic of public sociability that characterizes the rinks that we observed is a function of the (1) public and (2) personal materiality required for skating; (3) the emergence of on ice norms; (4) generalized trust amongst users; (5) ambiguities of socio-spatial differentiation by skill; and (6) flattened social hierarchies, or what we call the quotidian carnivalesque. Our data and analysis suggest that by drawing together different generations and levels of ability, this distinct public space facilitates social interactions between strangers, and so provides insights relevant to planners, policy makers and practitioners.
‘HUMBOLDTIAN SCIENCE’ AND BEYOND. THE HUMBOLDTIAN WAY OF SEEING AND KNOWING IN VIENNA AND IN FRANZ UNGER’S AND FRIEDRICH SIMONY’S EARTH SCIENCES
Authors: KLEMUN MARIANNE
Published: November 2020

This contribution builds on the notion of ‘Humboldtian Science’, coined by the American historian of science Susan F. Cannon who, in her book Science in Culture: The Early Victorian Period (1978), identifed a constellation of practices, strategies and ideas as typical of the research style of British naturalists during the nineteenth century. Cannon’s explanatory model has been widely accepted and for many different reasons. It became attractive as it seemed to break the deadlock of the ambivalence between idealism and empiricism, leading beyond the narrow perspective of academic disciplines. At the same time, it focused on practices and has become a useful tool to analyze the seemingly everyday activities of naturalists in the field.

This contribution discusses the potential of this concept at different levels and will also show its limits; insofar as it runs the risk of idealizing Humboldt as an already epigonal figure. It will also analyze Humboldt’s connections to Vienna and his influences on natural sciences by focusing on two examples from the earth sciences, the contributions of the palaeontologist and biologist Franz Unger and the geologist and geographer Friedrich Simony. In so doing, it will widen understanding of the impact of Humboldt’s work in Vienna, detecting not only ‘Humboldtian Science’ but also the Humboldtian way of seeing and knowing where it is not expected: in Unger’s Atlantis theory, his visualization of origins of cultivated plants, and his visualization of deep time, as well as Friedrich Simony’s concept of scientific landscape drawings.
Polymorphisms in COL2A1 gene in Adolescents with Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: do Nascimento Rechia Bruna Cristina , Michels Bruna , Faturri Aluhe Lopes , de Paiva Bertoli Fernanda Mara , Scariot Rafaela , de Souza Juliana Feltrin , Küchler Erika Calvano , Brancher João Armando
Published: November 2020

Objectives: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is considered a functional disorder with multifactorial aspects. The goal of this study was to investigate if genetic polymorphisms in the COL2A1 gene could be associated with TMD in adolescents. Study design: The case group (TMD-affected) included individuals diagnosed with any of the following TMD subgroups according to the RDC/TMD criteria: myofascial pain, disc displacements and arthralgia. Genomic DNA for molecular analysis was extracted from buccal cells and genetic polymorphisms in COL2A1 were genotyped by real time polymerase chain reactions using the TaqMan assay. Data were analyzed using the Epi Info 3.5.7 and Stata software. Results: 249 subjects were included in this study (148 subjects “affected” by TMD). There were no significant differences between the affected and unaffected individual (p>0.05), for TMD, arthralgia and myofascial pain however, rs2276454 was borderline in the genotype distribution (p=0.07) and was associated with disc displacement (p=0.03) in the allelic distribution. Recessive model showed significant differences between groups for with disc displacement (p=0.02). Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms in COL2A1 are not associated with myofascial pain, arthralgia or TMD in adolescents but this study provides evidence that rs2276454 is involved in the disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint.
In Vitro Effect of Simulated Tooth Brushing and Children’s Mouth Rinses on Physical Properties of Glass Ionomer Cement
Authors: Silva Natyla ML , Costa Victor G , Gonçalves Letícia M , Gomes Isabella A , Paschoal Marco Aurélio B
Published: November 2020

Objective: The present study investigated the erosive potential of children’s mouthrinses on glass ionomer cement (GIC) samples after simulated toothbrushing. Study design: Forty round-shaped samples of GIC were divided into 3 groups: G1- cetylpyridinium chloride, G2- xylitol and triclosan and G3–Malva sylvestris and xylitol and G4–distilled water as a control group. Prior to the main tests, the samples were submitted to the surface roughness measurement (Ra) and weight analysis (W). Afterward, they were brushed twice day (2× / day) for 15 days and immersed in mouthrinses after the last daily brushing. The final surface roughness (R2) and weight (W2) were determined after completing the tooth brushing-mouth rinsing cycles and the real increase in roughness (ΔRa) and real weight loss (ΔW) were calculated. In addition, stereoscopic images taken at 30× magnification. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-test post hoc tests for intergroup comparison and the T-test for dependent samples (α = 0.05). Results: Only group G2 showed increased in roughness ΔRa (1.53 ± 0.94) whereas ΔW values were not significant. However, evident cracks and voids were verified for all tested children’s rinses. Conclusion: Thus, children’s mouthrinse containing xylitol / triclosan increased the GIC roughness, especially when associated with brushing.
Effects of Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Primary Teeth in a Patient with Infantile Hypophosphatasia
Authors: Okawa Rena , Matayoshi Saaya , Kariya Rina , Ogaya Yuko , Nomura Ryota , Nakano Kazuhiko
Published: November 2020

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a skeletal disorder characterized by hypomineralization of bone, with early exfoliation of primary teeth. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been shown to improve bone hypomineralization for patients with HPP, although its dental effects are unknown. A 20-month-old Japanese boy diagnosed with infantile HPP was referred to our clinic because of early exfoliation of primary teeth. The patient had been followed by a pediatrician since the age of 3 months, due to slow weight gain. At the age of 12 months, primary incisors showed sudden exfoliation; at the age of 19 months, a diagnosis of HPP was made based on bone and dental manifestations. ERT was initiated at the age of 21 months. The patient demonstrated stable periodontal conditions of primary molars that erupted after initiation of ERT, due to improved alveolar bone and tooth mineralization. Thus, ERT may improve both dental and systemic conditions.
Cultural Differences between Poland and the United States Found Through the Use of Hofstede’s Model – Brief Report
Authors: Patalas Daria , Jasielska Aleksandra
Published: November 2020

Niniejsza praca przedstawia wstępne badania oparte na 6-wymiarowym kulturowym modelu Hofstede, które dotyczą porównania zależności pomiędzy poczuciem umiejscowienia kontroli, poziomem samooceny, sposobem regulacji emocji oraz strategiami radzenia sobie ze stresem u Polaków i Amerykanów (pochodzących ze Stanów Zjednoczonych). Założono, że osoby badane pochodzące z Polski będą się znacząco różnić pod względem przedstawionych konstruktów psychologicznych od osób badanych pochodzących ze Stanów Zjednoczonych. Spodziewano się również wystąpienia korelacji pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi w danym kraju. W badaniu wykorzystano: Kwestionariusz Regulacji Emocji, Skalę Samooceny, Wielowymiarowy Inwentarz do Pomiaru Radzenia Sobie ze Stresem, Kwestionariusz Poczucia Umiejscowienia Kontroli. W wyniku analizy statystycznej uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono, że większość przyjętych hipotez badawczych nie została potwierdzona. Z tego powodu wyciągnięto wniosek, że Polacy i Amerykanie nie różnią się znacząco w rozpatrywanych obszarach, co z kolei może mieć długoterminowe konsekwencje dla percepcji tych krajów. Dokonano też interpretacji uzyskanych wyników w odniesieniu do specyfiki wartości wymiarów oszacowanych przez Hofstede dla Polski, ograniczeń metodologicznych oraz szeroko rozumianych zmian kulturowych.
Effect of Particle Size Distributions on Minimum Fluidization Velocity with Varying Gas Temperature
Authors:   Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand, Korkerd Krittin , Soanuch Chaiwat , Piumsomboon Pornpote , Chalermsinsuwan Benjapon
Published: November 2020

The particle size distribution (PSD) is an important property that can influence the hydrodynamics and chemical conversion in fluidized bed system. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PSDs of particle and gas temperature on minimum fluidization velocity (Umf). Here, the silica sand with three average diameters and five PSDs including narrow cut, Gaussian, Gaussian with high standard deviation, negative skewed distribution and positive skewed distribution were used. The considered gas temperature ranged from 30 to 120 °C. The results showed that the Umf values with wide PSDs were lower than the Umf values for narrow cut particle with the same average diameter. The reason can be explained by the addition of smaller particle will improve the fluidization characteristics. The standard deviation and skewness of PSD also influenced on the Umf. The Umf was observed to decrease with increasing gas temperature. In addition, the effect of average particle diameter could also be seen. The Umf increased with the increasing of average particle diameter.
Production of Esters Based on Waste Vegetable Oils
Authors:   S. Toraigyrov Pavlodar State University, Pavlodar, 140008, Kazakhstan, Yelubay M. A. , Yerbolat Orazbekuly , Aitkaliyeva G. S. , Massakbayeva S. R.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of a study of the main characteristics of sunflower and waste sunflower oil. It is revealed that one of the main methods of their processing is esterification and transesterification with the formation of carboxylic acid esters. It is shown that the use of the two-stage method of esterification with ethyl alcohol leads to an increase in the yield of esters with improved physical properties. It was revealed that when applying the two-stage method in the presence of H2SO4 and KOH catalysts, the yield of esters from the initial sunflower oil is 94%, whereas for used oil this indicator reaches 93%, which indicates the feasibility of using the used oils as raw materials to obtain based on it higher fatty alcohols. It has been experimentally proven that the ethanol: oil ratio of 9: 1, respectively, is most optimal for producing an ester. The esterification reaction was also shown to occur at room temperature, however, with an increase in temperature to 50 ° C, after 60 minutes the yield of ester reached more than 70%, and at a temperature of 75 ° C it reached its maximum.
The Effect of Blade Number on Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Performance: An Experimental and Numerical Study
Authors:   the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, 11650, Indonesia, Sudarma Andi F. , Kholil Muhammad , Subekti Subekti , Almahdy Indra
Published: November 2020

The effect of blade number on small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) has been studied experimentally and numerically in this research. The turbine blade is made of a flat metal sheet and the tip was formed to shape a winglet. The 5-blades turbine was tested inside a wind tunnel for performance investigation at different wind speeds. The experiment was conducted under various wind speed, i.e. 3.5 m/s, 3.9 m/s, 4.3 m/s, 4.6 m/s dan 5 m/s. Furthermore, three wind turbines geometry with different blade number (3, 4, and 5 blades) were built for numerical study purpose by using Ansys Fluent and the results were compared to the experimental one. The results show that the blade number does increase the wind turbine torque and there is also more power generated from the turbine with more blade numbers since torque is related to pressure. Moreover, the winglet helps the blade to retain the flow and increases the pressure on the blade surface. However, the experimental measurements obtained were smaller than the numerical predictions about 50% on the average since more unidentified losses existed and not accounted for the calculation.
Establishing Evaluation Criteria of Modern Heritage Conservation in Historic City Centers in Jordan
Authors:   Architecture Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt city, Jordan, Al-Shomali Maisa Ali
Published: November 2020

In the last few decades in Jordan, several rehabilitation projects were established in heritage cities as tourism developing projects, (such as As-Salt city) with international funding support. These projects are concerned with conservation of historical buildings. The current paper highlights the hidden aspects of these projects; which mainly neglect Modern Heritage buildings focusing on older historical sites. The paper focuses on As-Salt city as a case study where significant buildings are not recognized as Modern Heritage, although they played an important role in the city’s life including commercial buildings and one school, dating back to 1961, and were demolished. This study investigates the important values and the role of some of these buildings within their urban context, including the effect of their loss on the local community; socially, functionally and economically. It suggests some evaluation criteria as a frame work to determine Modern Heritage buildings that need to be conserved. The study uses both quantitative and qualitative analysis. 200 structured interviews were conducted to address the impact of demolition and to reach a conclusion about the other unaccountable effects. The study shows that the demolition of Modern Heritage buildings had negative effects on the local community, due to their important role in the collective memory of the city. The study recommends developing a Jordanian rating system for evaluating, listing, classifying, and protecting Modern Heritage buildings.
The Potential of Sea Grapes (Caulerpa Lentilifera) Extracted Polysaccharide as Prebiotics on Inhibiting Pathogenic Bacteria Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
Authors:   Marine Ecology and Utilization of Marine Resources Research Unit and Aquatic Resources Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Sopon Anek , Thongdet Ekthida , Punnarak Porntep , Suksai Sucharat
Published: November 2020

Sea grapes or green cavier (Caulerpa lentilifera), a common tropical green seaweed, consisted of polysaccharides to be used as a prebiotic precursor for prevention of pathogens in aquatic animals. The efficiency of polysaccharides extracted from sea grapes for prebiotic properties was conducted by comparing the growth of probiotic bacteria Bacillus subtilis at different concentrations in co-cultured with pathogenic bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a gram-negative motile bacterium that inhabits marine and estuarine environments throughout the world, causes of violent diseases outbreak in aquatic animals. The experimental research was 4 treatments with 4 replications including control group (LB broth), extracted sea grape enrichment in LB broth at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.7 mg.C/l. The result showed that the highest growth of probiotic bacteria appeared significantly at extracted sea grape in LB broth with 0.5 mg.C/l (1.64×107 ± 6.04×106 cfu/ml). The said concentration was used as benchmark to clarify the pathogenic resistance. The comparison between monoculture of probiotic bacteria and co-culture of probiotic bacteria plus pathogenic bacteria indicated that there was non significantly different in growth of the bacterias. Hence extracted polysaccharides from sea graps (C. lentilifera) had potential to be utilized not only as a growth enrichment of probiotic bacteria but also inhibiting pathogenic bacteria.
Diagnostic Utility of Neutrophil - Lymphocyte Ratio in Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Erugula Sridhar Reddy , Jahagirdar Divya , Meruva Swetha , Pratap Gude Venkata Naga Sai , Srija Chillamcherla Dhanalakshmi , Pattnaik Anushka
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND The ratio between the serum neutrophil count and the serum lymphocyte count is termed as Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR). It is considered to be an individualistic prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma and various ovarian tumours. We wanted to assess the Neutrophil‑to‑ Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in the head and neck cancer patients and compare it with those of normal subjects. METHODS This is a prospective study involving two cohorts i.e. 1) patients of head and neck cancers and 2) healthy normal subjects of the same age group. Total study duration was 3 years and the study sample included 49 patients and 49 healthy subjects. RESULTS Results of the present study showed that the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) of histopathologically proven cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the oral cavity (OSCC) showed a significantly higher median of 2.9 (p < 0.001) compared to the NLR in normal (control) individuals. CONCLUSIONS NLR may be helpful in identifying patients with adverse tumour biology as it is a feasible, cost-effective, and potential biomarker. KEYWORDS Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Head and Neck, Malignancy
A Comparative Study of Cord Blood Haemoglobin Levels and Duration of Treatment in Maternal ABO and Rh-D Antibody Mediated Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn
Authors: Vilambil Sajith , Dharmadas Meena , Shahulhameed Shaiji Panthiyil , Usha Kumari Krishnakumariamma Chakrapani , James Chitra , Sasikala Anjaly Padmavilas , John Soonam , Rajagopal Vineeth
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn (HDFN) is characterised by lysis of red blood cells resulting in anaemia and its hypoxic effects thereafter. Following anaemia, the production of fetal red blood cells is drastically increased. This is followed by extramedullary haematopoiesis in a widespread manner and erythroblastosis characterized by nucleated red cells in the circulation. Since this is an illness affecting many a newborn, assessing the patterns of anaemia in both ABO and Rh-D HDFN may help in effective planning and implementation of better management protocols. METHODS This is a cross sectional study with comparative analysis. The study was performed among 154 neonates who were diagnosed to have HDFN. Setting for this study was Department of Transfusion Medicine and Pediatrics of Government Medical College, Trivandrum. During the time of delivery, 5 mL umbilical cord blood was collected. That sample was used for analyzing haemoglobin levels of the neonate. Duration of treatment of the neonate was noted down during follow up. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16. RESULTS The mean cord blood haemoglobin value in ABO haemolytic disease was 17.1 ± 2.7 g %. The mean cord blood haemoglobin value in Rh-D haemolytic disease was 14.5 ± 1.9 g %. In infants with ABO haemolytic disease, 53 (48.2 %) had undergone no treatment in ICU. Remaining 51.8 % had undergone 3 - 10 days of treatment in neonatal ICU. Infants with Rh-D HDFN 20 (45.5 %), had undergone no treatment in ICU. Remaining 54.5 % has got 3 - 9 days of treatment in neonatal ICU. Mean treatment duration in infants with ABO haemolytic disease was 3.1 ± 3.3 days. Mean treatment duration in infants with Rh-D haemolytic disease was 2.9 ± 2.9 days. A comparison of mean values of cord blood haemoglobin in neonates with both categories of haemolytic disease was performed. The p value was 0.00 and it was significant. Mean values of duration of treatment of neonates with ABO and Rh-D haemolytic anaemias were compared statistically. No significant difference was observed. CONCLUSIONS Mean haemoglobin levels in Rh-D HDFN showed a significant decrease as compared to ABO-HDFN. Duration of treatment in ABO HDFN and Rh-D HDFN presented no significant difference. KEYWORDS Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn, Umbilical Cord Haemoglobin, Anaemia, ICU Stay, ABO HDFN, Rh-D HDFN
Endoscopic DCR with or without Stent in a Peripheral Tertiary Care Centre of West Bengal – Our Experience
Authors: Chowdhury Kanishka , Haldar Atish , Pervej Md. Khurshid
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) operation is the gold standard treatment for management of chronic dacryocystitis due to nasolacrimal duct block. This operation directs the lacrimal flow into the nasal cavity creating an artificial opening made at the level of lacrimal bone, thus obtaining a low-pressure lacrimal bypass system which will relieve epiphora and dacryocystitis. But the commonest reason for failure of this surgery is closure of the rhinostomy (neo-ostium). To overcome this difficulty, silicone tube catheter stent insertion has been advocated. Here in this study, we wanted to compare the success rate of endoscopic DCR with or without silicone tube catheter (STC) stent. METHODS This study was a prospective study conducted among 50 patients divided in to two equal groups randomly. One group underwent Endoscopic DCR with silicone tube catheter stent and another group underwent DCR without stent. We compared outcomes of both groups subjectively with five-point scale and objectively examined patency of the stoma by syringing with water postoperatively after 3 months and results were compared. RESULTS During subjective evaluation, we used five-point scales to get the grade of epiphora relief. First three grades (grade 1 to grade 3) were considered as success. We got an overall success rate of 92 % in without stent group and we got 88 % success rate in silicone tube catheter stent group. CONCLUSIONS Surgical success for Endoscopic DCR surgery encompassed both anatomical patency and symptom relief. We found overall success rate of 92 % in without stent group and 88 % success rate in silicone tube catheter stent group which were closely comparable to other studies. We also found failure due to granulation tissue formation in STC stent group. So the role of stent is yet to be confirmed and further large scale trials are needed. KEYWORDS Endoscopic DCR, Silicone Tube Catheter (STC) Stent
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome - A Detailed Study of Nine Cases
Authors: Bellal Amulya Reddy , Shirbur Puneet , R.G. Geetha
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome or MRKH Syndrome is a rare condition and is the second most common cause of primary amenorrhea, comprising of vaginal atresia (upper two thirds), rudimentary uterus, normal fallopian tubes, ovaries, broad and round ligaments. The spectrum of uterine anomalies (hypoplasia or duplication) include a partial lumen to a bicornuate or septate uterus with obstruction (unilateral or bilateral). The incidence is 1 in 4500 - 5000 female live births, presenting with primary amenorrhoea. The secondary sexual characteristics, external genitalia, ovaries and karyotype are normal. There are two types - the first type is the isolated form and the second type also termed as MURCS association [Müllerian duct aplasia, renal dysplasia-agenesis, hydronephrosis, horseshoe kidney and cervicothoracic anomalies such as fused vertebrae, scoliosis etc.]. Initial assessment with ultrasound scan of abdomen and pelvis followed by MRI study of the abdomen and pelvis are the imaging modalities of choice. METHODS This is a case series of 9 female patients who had presented to the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and the Department of Radiodiagnosis from July 2019 to June 2020, aged between 15 and 20 years with a chief complaint of anxiety due to primary amenorrhoea. Following a thorough clinical, gynaecological and biochemical evaluation (levels of FSH, LH and 17 beta oestradiol), radiological examination (ultrasound and MRI - abdomen and pelvis) was conducted. RESULTS In our study, out of a total of nine cases, six cases were MRKH Type I and three were MRKH Type 2. All the nine cases presented with primary amenorrhoea, normal secondary sexual characteristics (except one case with ectopic atrophic ovaries) and normal external genitalia. Available hormonal profile was unremarkable. Uterus was not palpable on PV and per speculum examination. Along with the above features, when features of only hypoplastic / infantile / rudimentary / absent uterus with hypoplastic / absent upper two thirds of vagina, normal pelvic ovaries or ectopic inguinal ovaries was present, a diagnosis of MRKH Type–I was given. With additional features of renal abnormalities or skeletal system abnormalities, a diagnosis of MRKH Type–II was given. CONCLUSIONS MRKH syndrome is a condition caused due to the failure of fusion of Müllerian duct derivatives. It affects 1 in 4500 - 5000 female live births. It is a class I Mullerian duct anomaly including vaginal atresia, uterine anomalies & malformations of the upper urinary tract. There are two types in this. USG and MRI of the abdomen and pelvis are helpful in imaging this condition. KEYWORDS MRKH Syndrome, Ultrasound, MRI, MURCS Association
A Comparative Study of Ropivacaine with Dexamethasone and Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound Guided Brachial Plexus Blockade for Adult Upper Limb Surgeries
Authors: Viswambharan Vinoj Krishnadiyil , George Deepa
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Blockade of brachial plexus at several locations from the roots to the terminal branches will allow for surgical anaesthesia of the upper extremity and shoulder. We have attempted to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine when used as an adjunct to brachial plexus blockade when used as a sole anaesthetic for upper arm surgeries. METHODS After obtaining ethical committee clearance, a prospective observational study was conducted in patients undergoing upper arm surgeries. Patients were compared in two groups; Group 1 received 18 mL Ropivacaine (0.5 %) and Dexamethasone 8 mg (2 mL); Group 2 received Ropivacaine (0.5 %) and 75 mcg Dexmedetomidine along with 1.25 mL isotonic sodium chloride. RESULTS Mean time of onset of sensory blockade was 12.1 ± 1.1 min in Group 1 and 10.3 ± 1.2 min in Group 2. Mean Duration of Analgesia in Group 1 was 1024.5 ± 62.0 min and in Group 2 was 1394.3 ± 189.6 min. Mean Onset of Motor block in Group 1 was 18.2 ± 1.5 min and in Group 2 was 14.7 ± 1.0 min. Mean Duration of motor block in Group 1 was 697.2 ± 37.3 min and in Group 2 was 776.3 ± 48.0 min. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that dexmedetomidine is a better alternative for decreasing the onset of motor block along with enhanced quality and duration of supraclavicular block. KEYWORDS Interscalene, Dexamethasone, Dexmedetomidine
Comparison of Clinico-Epidemiological Features of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Authors: Rao Munnaluri Mohan , Reddy Kotha Raghupathi , Sravan Chittla
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are an important group of disorders which pose considerable amount of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The incidence of CADRs is estimated to be 1 - 2 % in the general population. We wanted to compare the clinico-epidemiological features of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in children and adults. METHODS The study sample comprised of two hundred and twenty patients of CADRs over a period of one and a half years. Patients were assessed using the WHO based algorithm of causality assessment of adverse drug reactions. RESULTS 222 rashes were seen in 220 patients and 315 drugs were implicated. The incidence of CADRs among dermatology patients was 10.18 per thousand patients. The incidence of CADRs among adults and children was 10.15 and 10.34 per thousand patients respectively. Out of the two hundred and twenty cases, thirty five (15.9 %) were in the paediatric age group (< 18 years of age). The most common cutaneous adverse drug reaction seen in our patients was maculopapular rash which was seen in 22 % patients. Antimicrobials were found to be the most common cause of CADRs in both adults and children, while drugs acting on the central nervous system were a close second. When rashes were taken individually, antimicrobials were the most common cause of maculopapular reactions, urticaria and toxic epidermal necrolysis in both children and adults. Acneiform eruptions were caused by steroids in 82 % of cases. Although fixed drug eruptions were most commonly caused by antimicrobials in adults (especially quinolones and nitroimidazoles), NSAIDs particularly nimesulide was also implicated in a substantial number of cases. CONCLUSIONS Newer antibiotics like cephalosporins are being used more often and thus a higher number of adverse drug reactions are seen with them. Therefore it would be useful for every individual institution to maintain a drug reaction registry. KEYWORDS Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction, Maculopapular Reactions, Urticaria, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Inteligencia emocional y desempeño laboral de los trabajadores en las empresas del Sector Rotal en el 2019
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Alva la Rosa Yelitza Cristina , Chávez Bayona Jhoselyn Eugenia
Published: November 2020

La presente investigación se orienta a determinar la relación entre la inteligencia emocional y el desempeño laboral. Para cumplir con el objetivo y medir las variables de este proyecto, se utilizó una encuesta tipo Likert. Esta se aprobó y fue validada para su aplicación en el contexto peruano. Para la construcción de dicho instrumento se utilizaron 4 dimensiones de inteligencia emocional y las dimensiones de desempeño laboral. Así mismo, la metodología empleada en esta investigación es de tipo descriptiva correlacional con un enfoque cuantitativo y corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por todos los trabajadores del sector retail de las tiendas de Saga Falabella, Iberotex y Ripley, quienes respondieron una encuesta utilizando la escala de respuesta de Likert de cinco puntos. Se realizó la prueba de hipótesis de ambas variables, obteniendo un valor “P” igual a 0.001, lo cual nos indica que existe suficiente evidencia estadística para rechazar la hipótesis nula. que indica que ambas variables no tienen relación. Por lo tanto, se puede afirmar que la inteligencia emocional tiene una relación directa y positiva con el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores del sector retail en el 2019. También se hallo la correlación de spearman para conocer el grado de relación de ambas variables, dándonos un resultado de 0,715.
Sentido de Coherencia y Envejecimiento Exitoso en Adultos Mayores de Lima Metropolitana
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Heredia Mongrut José Enrique
Published: November 2020

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el sentido de coherencia y el envejecimiento exitoso en adultos mayores residentes de Lima. Material y método. Participaron 116 adultos mayores entre 60 y 90 años, se utilizó como prueba de cribado el MMSE, posteriormente se administró el SOC-13 (1993) y el SAI (2011). El método empleado es correlacional. Resultados. Existen correlaciones positivas en todas las dimensiones de ambas escalas, la correlación de mayor consideración es la efectuada por Factores Intrapsíquicos con Significatividad (rs = .544, p < .01). Respecto al análisis comparativo, se evidencio que la ausencia de una enfermedad orgánica no es determinante para lograr un envejecimiento exitoso o poseer un alto sentido de coherencia. Conclusiones. Los adultos mayores, participantes, que presentan una alta motivación y se orientan de forma positiva a la vida tienden a mostrar una adecuada adaptación a los cambios propios de la vejez, manteniendo conciencia de su condición fisiológica para dar respuestas, afianzando su compromiso con la vida sujeta a una conducta flexible y creativa.
Los factores claves de éxito del modelo de negocio de centros comerciales que valora el público de Lima metropolitana y podrían contribuir con un nuevo modelo de negocio que fomente la afluencia de público y el incremento del deseo de compra en el Emporio Comercial de Gamarra
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Arroyo Chumbile Ines , Gutierrez Placencia Mary Esther
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer los factores claves de éxito del modelo de negocio de centros comerciales que valora el público de Lima metropolitana y que podrían contribuir con un nuevo modelo de negocio que fomente la afluencia de público y el incremento del deseo de compra en el Emporio Comercial de Gamarra. En tal sentido, el enfoque de investigación fue mixto. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa para contextualizar el tema y se aplicó entrevistas semiestructuradas. En el enfoque cuantitativo, se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado de 385 personas de una población de 7 283, 679 habitantes de Lima metropolitana entre hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años. El alcance fue correlacional, dado que se deseaba conocer el comportamiento de una variable respecto a otras. El diseño fue no experimental-transversal, puesto que el estudio se realizó sin manipulación de las variables y la recolección de datos fue en un único momento. Luego de haber concluido el estudio, la hipótesis general fue aceptada, existiendo relación entre los factores claves de éxito y el incremento del deseo de compra. Finalmente, se formuló una propuesta de valor para los dirigentes de Gamarra, considerando las variables más asociadas concluidas en la investigación: factor servicio, entorno interno, financiero y acceso y accesibilidad. Ello con el fin de incrementar el deseo de compra en Gamarra, lo cual funcionará como un mecanismo de arrastre para ser más productivos y competitivos.
Centro Cultural Etnográfico
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Mauricio García Sergio David
Published: November 2020

El Perú tiene en el turismo un sector con enorme potencial de desarrollo, no sólo cuenta con importantes recursos naturales, sino también con una gran cultura diversa para atender todos los segmentos del mercado, porque en su cultura tradicional y variada ofrece una amplia gama de posibilidades y actividades para los turistas que lo visitan. El Centro Cultural Etnográfico en el Distrito de Morales, Provincia de San Martín, integrante del Departamento San Martín, y forma parte de la conurbación de los distritos Tarapoto, La Banda de Shilcayo, Cacatachi, Distrito de Juan Guerra. Expresa el carácter social de un tema tan importante como lo es el servicio cultural, dentro de un marco de arquitectura eficiente y busca salvaguardar el patrimonio socio-cultural en la región selva, reforzando el carácter de atractivo turístico y creador de identidad local que sirva como un modelo para ser muestra principal de la historia, tradición y folklor de la selva peruana. Como base principal de diseño del Centro Cultural, éste se adapta plenamente a las condiciones del lugar, desde la forma y función de la misma, respetando el contexto natural y las características constructivas de la selva peruana. Del mismo modo, el Centro Cultural aprovecha al máximo las condiciones climáticas de la zona (como las lluvias y los rayos solares) además el Río Cumbaza (potencial turístico de la ciudad ubicado en la parte posterior del centro) cumple un papel fundamental en concepto del diseño del Centro Cultural.