bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assess the Level of patient Satisfaction on Quality of Out patient Services provided in Outpatient Department at Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry
Authors: V Sivaranjeni.
Published: August 2024

Patient satisfaction with a health care provision is based on satisfaction with numerous aspects of organization. Satisfaction with quality of health care facility includes a delicate balance between expectation of services and care received by patients. Out Patient Department (OPD) is a very crucial department of any hospital being the first point of contact between the patient and the hospital staff. It reflects the functioning of the hospital as OPD is visited by large section of community. In developed countries, patients are highly satisfied (90-95%) with the basic services provided at OPD, while in developing countries it has been shown that, the range of patients’ satisfaction vary between 95% to <50%. So, it is important to assess the level of patient satisfaction on quality of outpatient services. Objectives: To assess the level of patient satisfaction with quality of outpatient services provided at OPD. To find out the association between the patient satisfaction with the selected demographic variables. Methodology: Non experimental, Descriptive study was conducted among 265 outpatients attending Medicine OPD. Convenience sampling technique was used in this study. The data related to demographic variables and level of patient satisfaction on quality of outpatient services was collected from every participant. 20 minutes was spent for each patient to collect the data. Results: Among 265 Outpatients, Majority of the study participants 178(68%) were fairly satisfied, 57(21%) of them were completely satisfied and 30(11%) of them were dissatisfied with the quality of patient services provided at medicine OPD, PIMS Puducherry. Fisher's Exact Test was used to find out the association between the Level of Patient Satisfaction on Quality of Out Patient Services with their selected demographic variables. The demographic variables such as age, gender, education, occupation, residence and previous visit to medicine OPD for consultation were not associated with the Level of Satisfaction with regard to the quality of services provided at OPD. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the patients were fairly satisfied with the quality of the services received at OPD. So, there is a need for improvement in the services provided at the services provided at the OPD.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge regarding prevention of Recurrence of Renal Calculi among patients with Urolithialis in selected hospital at Ahmedabad
Authors: Falguni J Chauhan
Published: August 2024

The formation of kidney stone is termed as renal calculi more commonly known as kidney stones. In medical condition the terminology of having urinary calculi is termed as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis where the root word lith’ meaning a stone. People who live in hot climates and become dehydrated more faster are risk for renal calculi due to loss of more fluids from the body. The objectives of the study were a)To assess the level of knowledge regarding prevention of recurrence of renal calculi among patients with Urolithiasis .b)To evaluate the effectiveness of Information Booklet on knowledge regarding prevention of recurrence of renal calculi among patients with Urolithiasis. c)To find out the association between selected demographic variables and Pre test level of regarding prevention of recurrence of renal calculi among patients with Urolithiasis. The research approach selected for the study was quantitative research approach and pre-experimental research one group pre-test post-test design. The study was conducted at selected hospital at Ahmadabad. Total 30 samples were selected from Patients attending OPD & admitted in wards. Patients who are willing to participate in the study. Patients who are present at the time of data collection. Age of patient between 20-60 years. A formal prior permission was obtained from the Hospital, at Ahmedabad. The study was conducted for a period of a week 30 samples were selected based on the criteria for sample selection. The collected data were analyzed by using inferential statistical method. t- test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of A. Findings related to demographic variables of the study 1. The majority of 12(40%) sample’s age is between 15-35 years. 2. The majority of 16(53.33%) samples are female. significant p<0.05 level. Hence their findings of the study revealed that the Structured Teaching Programme was effective in knowledge regarding urolithiasis.
A Comprehensive Review of Down Syndrome: Molecular Basis, Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Prospects
Authors: G Mendagudli Veerabhadrappa
Published: August 2024

Trisomy 21—another name for Down syndrome—is a genetic disease brought on by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Physical, mental, and developmental traits are produced as a result of this increased genetic material. Common facial characteristics of people with Down syndrome include almond-shaped eyes and a flat nasal bridge. In addition to having a higher risk of developing certain medical diseases, such as heart defects, hearing loss, and thyroid disorders, they may also face delays in their motor and cognitive development. Down syndrome sufferers often have mild to moderate intellectual handicap, while their cognitive abilities can vary greatly. They can greatly improve their quality of life and reach their full potential with early intervention, specialised education, and supportive environments. The quality of life for those with Down syndrome is improving, and they are making a variety of contributions to their communities thanks to changes in medical treatment and societal views. Down syndrome's impacts on brain function and development are still being better understood through research into the basic factors that underlie it. The goal of these efforts is to develop tailored therapeutics to enhance cognitive and developmental outcomes by better understanding the genetic and molecular components that contribute to the condition. Overall, research into, advocacy for, and support for people with Down syndrome continues. These efforts are aimed at advancing inclusivity, equal opportunity, and a greater understanding of neuro diversity1
A Descriptive Study to assess the Menstrual Hygiene Awareness among Adolescent girls in Urban Areas at Akkamahadevi High school Davanagere
Authors: Latha S , A J Mamatha , O Lakshmi
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is a critical period characterized by significant physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes, including the monthly occurrence of menstruation of adolescent girls. Despite being an inevitable natural event, most societies consider menstruation and menstrual blood as restrictions and impure. Such consideration prevents many adolescent girls from proper managing the experience. Objectives: 1. To assess the awareness of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. 2. To associate the awareness scores with demographic variables of adolescents’ girls. Methods: This was an institutional based descriptive study conducted at Akkamahadevi high school davanagere among 80 adolescent girls, randomly selected using stratified sampling technique. Data on socio-economic, age in years, religion, type of family, education of mother, occupation of the mother, family income, age of menarche, course of studying, type of the family, type of food pattern and source of information regarding importance of menstrual hygiene awareness and management. Variables and menstrual characteristics were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Results: Finding of the study revealed that the mean age of the adolescent girls in the study population is 14.4±1.026 years and the mean age of adolescent girls at menarche is found to be 11.68±1.573 years, which is in par with others study published in recent years. The mean awareness score of the adolescent girls in the study population is 16.31(81.55%) with the standard deviation of 1.446. Association between awareness scores of adolescent girls regarding menstrual hygiene with their selected personal variables reveals that personal variables such as age in years, religion, type of family, education of mother, occupation of the mother, family income, age of menarche, course of studying, type of the family, type of food pattern and source of information with were not having significant association the awareness scores regarding menstrual hygiene. Conclusion: From the study findings, majority of adolescent girls having good awareness of menstrual hygiene. But girls hesitate when discussing sensitive topics like menstrual hygiene. During general discussion, girls expressed that still they don't exercise proper hygiene throughout their periods. During menstruation, the majority of girls are still subjected to various restrictions. Thus, it is important to create a healthy environment where everyone can talk honestly about their personal experiences with this type of sensitive subject. There is a great need to create awareness and promote hygienic practices during periods in adolescent girls.
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Self-Instructional Module on Major Obstetric Emergencies and their Managa-Ment in terms of Knowledge among staff nurses in selected hospital at Fatepura City
Authors: Bhabhor Priyanka , Rajshree Rajshree , Justin Doss. K. Jeenath
Published: August 2024

Providing quality emergency obstetric care reduces the risk of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity. A "high-risk pregnancy" is one in which the maternal environment and past or present reproductive performance contribute to a significant risk to fetal wellbeing such as premature birth, small for date infant, full-term with still births or early neonatal deaths. Identification of women at risk for these complicated pregnancies is fundamental to antenatal care. The reduction of level of major obstetrical complication and their management has in hospital by staff nurses. The objectives of the study were (a) To assess the exiting knowledge of staff nurses on major obstetric emergencies and their management among staff nurse of selected hospital. (b) To assess the effectiveness of the self-instructional module on major obstetrical emergencies and their management among staff nurse in selected hospital at Fatepura. (c) To find association between pretest level of knowledge obstetric emergencies and their management among sample and selected demographic variable. Pre- experimental design one group pretest – posttest design was used to conduct the study. Vardan maternity hospital has been selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 40 patents having breast complication. The study was conducted at Vardan Hospital. Conceptual frame work of the present study is founded on the based on J.W. KENNY’S OPEN SYSTEM MODEL (1969). Collected data will be analyzed descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages. The association between effectiveness of self-instructional module will be analyzed by t-test. The effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding major obstetrical emergencies and their management was revealed in the post-test that there was significance improvement in knowledge with administration of Self-instructional Module. The obtained “t-test” value for the level of knowledge on prevention and management of selected breast complication 11.669 that was highly significance at p<0.05 level the hypothesis was accepted.
Turner Syndrome: A Rare Disease that Hinders the Growth of a Female body, but that doesn’t make them less Intelligent
Authors: Kiran Bhalerao Shital
Published: August 2024

Dr. Henry Turner initially identified with Turner syndrome in 1938. It is an uncommon chromosomal condition where one X chromosome is absent in females, either completely or partially. Dr. Turner's groundbreaking research allowed for the recognition of Turner syndrome as a distinct clinical entity and cleared the path for subsequent advancements in genetics and cytogenetics that explained the problems of chromosomal origin. The treatment of Turner syndrome was transformed in the 1970s with the advent of hormone replacement therapy, which improved the prognosis and quality of life for those with the condition. More investigation into the genetic pathways causing Turner syndrome have improved diagnostic precision and aided in the creation of individualized treatment plans in recent decades. Throughout these developments, there are still difficulties in treating the complex medical, psychological, and reproductive components of Turner syndrome, emphasizing the continuous need for study, interdisciplinary teamwork, and all-encompassing care for those who are impacted.
A Silent Health Emergency - Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Pon Pushpam. I Deva , Singh Sapna
Published: August 2024

Child abuse can have severe and long-lasting consequences for the physical, emotional, and psychological well-being of the child. These consequences may manifest immediately or in the long term and can impact a child's development, mental health, and relationships. It is essential to recognize the signs of child abuse and report any suspected cases to the appropriate authorities. The welfare and safety of children should be a top priority for society, and intervention is crucial to protect vulnerable children and provide them with the support they need. Education, awareness, and prevention strategies play a vital role in mitigating the prevalence of child sexual abuse.
Tổng quan nghiên cứu quản lý thương hiệu trường đại học
Authors: Hồ Văn Thống , Đặng Văn Toại , Nguyễn Đắc Nguyên
Published: August 2024

Tạo dựng thương hiệu là yếu tố quyết định sự phát triển của trường đại học trong xu hướng toàn cầu hóa, thế giới phẳng. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là tổng quan các vấn đề về thương hiệu trường đại học, quản lý thương hiệu nhà trường đại học liên quan đến nghiên cứu“Quản lý thương hiệu các trường đại học vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long”. Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu lý luận để thu thập, xử lý, phân tích, đánh giá, khái quát hóa hệ thống luận cứ khoa học trong lịch sử và xác định rõ những khoảng trống, những đóng góp mới cho khoa học và thực tiễn nghiên cứu. Có rất nhiều nghiên cứu liên quan, nhưng tập trung chủ yếu quản trị thương hiệu, xây dựng và phát triển thương hiệu cho sản phẩm, còn thương hiệu trong giáo dục ít được nghiên cứu hơn. Riêng, quản lý thương hiệu trường đại học ở vùng Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long chưa được nghiên cứu. Kết quả nghiên cứu này đã hệ thống hóa những luận cứ khoa học vững chắc cho quản lý thương hiệu trường đại học trong bối cảnh hội nhập và phát triển.
Thực trạng và giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng đội ngũ cán bộ Đoàn Thanh niên Cộng sản Hồ Chí Minh trong các trường đại học tại thành phố Cần Thơ
Authors: Lâm Văn Tân , Nguyễn Nguyễn Thanh Thảo , Võ Tấn Phát
Published: August 2024

Cán bộ là nhân tố quan trọng trong sự nghiệp của cách mạng, gắn liền với vận mệnh của Đảng, của đất nước, là khâu then chốt trong công tác xây dựng Đảng. Cán bộ Đoàn Thanh niên là cán bộ của Đảng, được giao cho nhiệm vụ đoàn kết, tập hợp thanh niên, sinh viên để giáo dục, rèn luyện, bồi dưỡng họ. Đảng ta xem xây dựng Đoàn Thanh niên là xây dựng Đảng trước một bước và xem cán bộ làm công tác thanh niên là nguồn quan trọng bổ sung cán bộ cho Đảng, Nhà nước và các tổ chức khác. Bài viết tập trung trình bày những vấn đề lý luận cơ bản về cán bộ đoàn tại các trường đại học và thực trạng chất lượng cũng như công tác đào tạo, bồi dưỡng cán bộ đoàn trong thời gian vừa qua tại thành phố Cần Thơ. Từ đó, đề xuất một số giải pháp nâng cao chất lượng cán bộ đoàn khối các trường đại học tại thành phố Cần Thơ để góp phần cùng với nhà trường trong việc giáo dục toàn diện sinh viên, nâng cáo chất lượng giáo dục đại học.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục địa phương cho học sinh trong trường trung học phổ thông ở thành phố Cao Lãnh, tỉnh Đồng Tháp
Authors: Hồ Văn Thống , Nguyễn Ngọc Hảo
Published: August 2024

Trong bối cảnh hội nhập quốc tế ngày càng sâu rộng hiện nay, việc giáo dục toàn diện cho học sinh ngày càng được quan tâm. Chương trình Giáo dục phổ thổng 2018 đã đưa ra mục tiêu giáo dục học sinh hình thành, phát triển phẩm chất và năng lực thông qua các nội dung giáo dục. Mỗi nội dung giáo dục đều được thể hiện ở tất cả các môn học và hoạt động giáo dục. Do đó, nội dung giáo dục địa phương cho học sinh trong trường phổ thông càng trở nên cấp thiết. Việc đưa nội dung địa phương vào giảng dạy ở trường phổ thông với những hình thức khác nhau là một phương thức rèn luyện kỹ năng tìm hiểu, nghiên cứu những vấn đề của địa phương, ví như các chủ đề về Văn học địa phương, Địa lý địa phương, Lịch sử địa phương, Âm nhạc, Mỹ thuật,… Từ đó, tạo cho học sinh sự hứng thú trong học tập, rèn luyện kỹ năng sống, giáo dục trách nhiệm bản thân với cộng đồng địa phương, gắn lý thuyết với thực tiễn cuộc sống. Vì thế, muốn đạt mục tiêu giáo dục thì vai trò quản lý hoạt động giáo dục địa phương ở nhà trường trung học phổ thông cần phải coi trọng. Bài báo đánh giá kết quả thực trạng quản lý hoạt động giáo dục địa phương thông qua việc khảo sát 125 khách thể từ 04 trường trung học phổ thông ở thành phố Cao Lãnh, tỉnh Đồng Tháp. Kết quả khảo sát được xử lý số liệu SPSS, được phân tích, đánh giá thực trạng theo thang đo likert 5 mức độ, đã thấy được những vấn đề bất cập trong công tác quản lý hoạt động giáo dục địa phương trong trường trung học phổ thông địa phương này.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động dạy học môn Toán ở các trường tiểu học tại thành phố Bảo Lộc, tỉnh Lâm Đồng
Authors: Lâm Thị Hoa Huệ , Hồ Văn Thống
Published: August 2024

Giáo dục Toán học hình thành và phát triển cho học sinh những phẩm chất chủ yếu, năng lực chung và năng lực toán học với các thành tố cốt lõi. Vì vậy, muốn đạt mục tiêu dạy học môn Toán ở trường tiểu học thì vai trò quản lý hoạt động dạy học môn Toán cần phải được coi trọng và quan tâm đúng mức. Để có cơ sở đề xuất các biện pháp quản lý hoạt động dạy học môn Toán ở các trường tiểu học tại thành phố Bảo Lộc, tỉnh Lâm Đồng, chúng tôi đã thực hiện đánh giá thực trạng quản lý hoạt động dạy học môn Toán thông qua việc khảo sát 28 cán bộ quản lý và 108 giáo viên từ 05 trường tiểu học trên địa bàn thành phố Bảo Lộc, tỉnh Lâm Đồng. Qua kết quả khảo sát, đã phân tích, đánh giá được thực trạng cũng như những vấn đề bất cập trong công tác quản lý hoạt động dạy học môn Toán ở các trường tiểu học của địa phương này.
Thực trạng quản lý hoạt động bồi dưỡng giáo viên của các trường mầm non ở thị xã Cai Lậy, tỉnh Tiền Giang
Authors: Phan Trọng Nam , Phùng Thị Cẩm Mỹ
Published: August 2024

Quản lý hoạt động bồi dưỡng giáo viên mầm non đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục. Bài báo này phân tích thực trạng quản lý hoạt động bồi dưỡng giáo viên của các trường mầm non ở thị xã Cai Lậy, tỉnh Tiền Giang, bao gồm mục tiêu, nội dung, hình thức, phương pháp bồi dưỡng, mức độ tham gia của các lực lượng và điều kiện cơ sở vật chất. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhiều hạn chế trong việc xây dựng kế hoạch, tổ chức, chỉ đạo và kiểm tra đánh giá hoạt động bồi dưỡng. Từ đó, bài báo đề xuất các biện pháp nâng cao hiệu quả quản lý như: nâng cao nhận thức, hoàn thiện kế hoạch, đa dạng hóa hình thức bồi dưỡng, tăng cường kiểm tra, quản lý các điều kiện hỗ trợ và đẩy mạnh hợp tác với các tổ chức giáo dục uy tín. Các biện pháp này nhằm phát triển năng lực nghề nghiệp cho giáo viên, góp phần nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục mầm non tại địa phương.
Measuring Waste Diversion Programs Using the Missed Opportunity Rate
Authors: Dengler Anna , Arrigo Elizabeth , Fuller Richard
Published: August 2024

Waste management programs rely on diversion rates to understand the success of waste diversion programs. There are several problems with relying on diversion rates alone: (1) they can be misleading, such as when a waste reduction program is implemented; (2) the definition of diversion
may vary in what may be considered diverted, such as diversion to waste-to-energy plants; and most importantly (3) diversion rates do not take into account whether materials they describe are actually diverted from landfill. Given these drawbacks to the diversion rate, it is a problem in the
zero waste industry that there has been little to no innovation since the diversion rate became the de facto descriptor for a waste program's success. We propose a novel additional waste metric, the Missed Opportunity Rate, to evaluate total recycling and diversion program efficiency. The
metric can be applied to programs that have access to the following additional data points: the amount of recyclables in the trash stream, amount of trash in the recycling stream, and amount of contaminated recyclables in the recycling stream. We compare missed opportunity rates to diversion
rate measurements in four scenarios, including scenarios with high and low amounts of divertible waste. This new metric better accounts for the reality of recycling in programs and materials, including contaminated materials and missed opportunities, and thus provides better insight and guidance
to program managers for programs performance, than the diversion rate alone.
Optimizing Construction and Demolition Waste Collection Systems Through Advanced Scheduling
Authors: Ramalakshmi Shree Smiti , HaitherAli Hammadhu , Sivagami M , Anjali G
Published: August 2024

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste management is challenging in urban areas due to the high volume of waste generated and widespread illegal dumping. City authorities are struggling with environmental, economic, and social issues due to the lack of a systematic waste management
process. An inefficient collection system leads to the loss of valuable urban spaces and clogging of drains with debris. This study aims to develop a simplified algorithm for effective C&D waste collection and transportation systems that maximize efficiency and minimize cost. It analyses
various scheduling concepts such as Dijkstra's, Bellman-Ford's, and Floyd-Warshall's algorithm to identify the most efficient route for the collection fleet. The uniqueness of the study lies in providing an integrated solution to the collection and transportation issues of C&D waste management
by estimating the volume of debris from photographs and scheduling the collection fleet based on real-world constraints. Waste type, volume, transportation fleet, route and vehicle capacities are considered to aid in efficient resource allocation and utilization. Optimization process involves
determining the optimal allocation of waste to the collection fleet, scheduling transportation routes, and assigning human resources. On verification with a real-world case, the model was found to reduce the number of trips and enhance resource utilization, resulting in an efficiency improvement
of over 30%. Since waste collection constitutes a significant cost in any solid waste management process, proposed methodology would be beneficial for waste recycling facilities and local waste management authorities to optimize the process, minimize costs, maximize efficiency and reduce environmental
footprint.
Optimizing Indirect Liquid Cooling System for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicle Battery: A CFD Study Using Cold Plate
Authors: Vivek G. Trivedi
Published: August 2024

Traditional fuels and internal combustion engines are major sources of CO2 emissions and environmental pollution. Electric vehicles (EVs) are touted as green energy solutions for a cleaner future. EVs utilize lithium-ion batteries, but face challenges such as poor performance in extreme temperatures, limited electrode lifespan, and safety risks from battery thermal runaway. Effective Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) are crucial for EV longevity. The study emphasizes the crucial role of coolant selection, structural design, and channel configuration in optimizing indirect liquid cooling systems for EV batteries. Conducted through comprehensive CFD analysis using a cold plate, it specifically examined three key parameters: the impact of different coolants, various cold plate structures, and the number of channels. Findings indicated that a 50% ethylene glycol-water (EGW) solution outperformed pure water in performance metrics. Additionally, streamlined channel cold plates demonstrated superior temperature uniformity and reduced pressure drops, establishing them as the most efficient design option. This streamlined design facilitated enhanced heat transfer while minimizing pressure losses, confirming its suitability for EV battery cooling applications.
Streamline Whale Optimization Methods for Handling Congestion in Transmission Frameworks
Authors: Gajendra Patel
Published: August 2024

The increased competitiveness makes traffic control on the electrical networks a major concern. Because the electricity infrastructure is not governed by the government, traffic congestion on electrical lines are a major issue that are difficult to resolve. This paper presents the Streamline Whale Optimization Algorithm, An innovative method for addressing power grid congestion. The new plan is intended to lessen traffic and crowding. Two remedial elements were added to WOA in order to boost the interdependency of the prospecting and extraction processes. This facilitates the process of identifying the optimal answer and keeps it from concluding too soon. The best approach to enhance the objective function is to experiment with various approaches until you find one that works. The suggested approach is effective because it considers the constraints and qualities of the IEEE-118 bus structure. The software application is known as MATLAB 2022(a). The new method exhibits speedier results, better structure and voltage, and a significant reduction in traffic when compared to previous approaches.
“Innovations in Lightweight Materials for Automotive Engineering”
Authors: Vaishali K. Patel
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the automotive industry has increasingly focused on the development and integration of lightweight materials to enhance vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, and sustainability. This research article delves into the latest innovations in lightweight materials, including advanced high-strength steels, aluminum, magnesium, and titanium alloys, as well as composite materials such as carbon and glass fibers. It also explores the emerging role of nanomaterials and biomaterials in automotive engineering. By examining advanced manufacturing techniques, performance and safety considerations, and the economic and environmental impacts, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current trends and future prospects of lightweight materials in the automotive sector. Through case studies and real-world applications, the article highlights successful implementations and identifies the challenges and potential breakthroughs in the field. This research aims to offer actionable insights and recommendations for industry professionals, researchers, and policymakers to foster innovation and sustainability in automotive engineering.
Leveraging LLaMA3 and LangChain for Rapid AI Application Development
Authors: Rakshitha Kiran P.
Published: August 2024

In particular, LangChain, an open-source software library, and LlaMA3, Meta's most recent AI model that is comparable to proprietary models now on the market, are the subjects of this study's examination of the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) for the quick development of applications. Thanks to their widespread adoption in jobs like writing essays, creating code, explaining things, and debugging—openAI's ChatGPT, Google's Gemini, and other products have made LLMs popular among millions of people. This paper focuses on how LangChain can help speed up the creation of unique AI applications with LLMs. LangChain is well-known in the AI world for its ability to work fluidly with a variety of applications and data sources. The fundamental characteristics of Lang Chain are examined in this study, including its chains and modular components that function as adaptable, use-case-specific pipelines. The paper shows how this framework may be used to quickly create LLM-based applications through a practical example, especially when combined with LLaMA3 and LangChain.
Enhancing Lung Cancer Early Detection: A Hybrid Ensemble Model
Authors: Alamma B. H.
Published: August 2024

Cancer stands as one of the leading causes of death diseases worldwide; it, therefore, must be complex and multi-faceted. Basically, cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth with a tendency to invade or spread to surrounding tissues. Among such cancers, lung cancer stands as one of the most prevalent and deadliest. Accordingly, the identification of risk factors and early symptoms can greatly improve survival rates and quality of life for patients. In general, individual choices of lifestyle—smoking habits, dietary intake, level of physical activity, and exposure to environmental toxins—are very significant in relation to the risk of developing lung cancer. Their evaluation cannot be underemphasized while assessing prevention and early detection strategies. Data like this on lifestyle and symptoms can become very important for researchers in coming out with the trends and correlations of lung cancer development. The application of machine learning has demonstrated significant potential in improving diagnostic precision in the medical domain, specifically in the identification and categorization of diverse cancer types. Improving patient outcomes and survival rates requires early and precise detection. One strategy that can be used in lung cancer detection for the purpose of improving precision, this study investigates the creation of an ensemble model including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) classifiers. By summing up these prediction powers of every individual model, the ensemble technique makes use of their strengths to produce an effective diagnostic tool. To train and validate the model, a variety of patient data, including symptoms and lifestyle characteristics, were included in the dataset used in this work. The results indicate that the ensemble model performs better compared to individual classifiers. This is shown during model evaluation, where the Ensemble model could detect the absence or presence of lung cancer with an accuracy of 98.37%.
AI Quickens Diabetes Discovery: Remain Ahead with Innovation
Authors: Alamma B. H.
Published: August 2024

Machine learning presents a promising avenue towards the construction of accurate and effective diabetes prediction model. Diabetes is a worrying challenger to health, characterized by high levels of blood sugar. Its early diagnosis and interventions are very necessary for the detection and management of the disease and the avoidance of complications. Traditionally, the diagnosis of diabetes depends on clinical symptoms and blood tests. All these methods of diagnosis usually detect the disease in a very late stage complications already existed before diagnosis. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the learning ensemble technique can produce better accuracy and reliability of diabetes prediction, working by the integration of several algorithms of machine learning. Ensemble harnesses the learning strength of large numbers of machine algorithms to build a more powerful and accurate prediction engine. It reduces variance and improves accuracy, making it a solution to the overfitting problem, generally by using the diversity in the base models. In this paper light has been thrown that the ensemble learning performs better in most cases than the individual models because of the collective knowledge gained from training on the same dataset.
Utilizing Neural Networks to Predict Production Decline in Horizontal Wells in the Eagle Ford Shale Formation
Authors: Fujia Guo
Published: August 2024

This study incorporates neural networks to evaluate the production decline in horizontal wells in the Eagle Ford Shale Formation, which presents a revolutionary method in petroleum engineering. The critical issue that affects the determination of the appropriate rate of production decline in this case is the heterogeneity of the reservoir, operational issues, and technological constraints. This significance of this research lies in enhancing the resource management, financial management and technology areas concerning big data and non-linear causality analysis. The approach involves obtaining a large and suitable database of the production history, geological information, and operational specifications and the use of a deep neural network to optimize hyperparameters. The study shows that neural networks provide better and more accurate results than the conventional decline curve analysis methods and thus better production forecasts. This approach also improves the decision-making and operational strategies as well as stressing the significance of data quality and its preparation in the model. Thus, further improvement of neural network models and their testing on other shale formations are suggested to confirm their efficiency and applicability across different cases and contribute to the enhancement of the use of big data analytics for effective and sustainable management of resources in the oil and gas industry.
Analisis Strategi Guru dalam Meningkatkan Literasi Membaca pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SDN Rada
Authors: Ningsi Fitri , Kurniawati Fani
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian yaitu deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui strategi guru dalam meningkatkan literasi membaca pada mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia pada siswa kelas II SDN Rada. (2) Untuk mengetahui apa saja indikator dalam meningkatkan literasi membaca siswa kelas II di SDN Rada. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas II di SDN Rada dengan jumlah siswa 27 orang yang terdiri dari 20 orang siswa dan 7 orang siswi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan data sekunder berupa keadaan guru, keadaan siswa, sarana dan prasarana dan dokumen lain yang dibutuhkan. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data, peneliti menggunakan menggunakan analisis deskriptif analitik yaitu penelitian yang digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menginterpretasikan bagaimana dengan peran kegiatan literasi dalam peningkatan minat baca siswa di SDN Rada. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa literasi membaca pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas II di SDN Rada yang berbeda-beda. Dilihat dari hasil penelitian 27 siswa, 6 siswa membaca lancar, 8 siswa membaca terbata-bata, 5 siswa mengeja dan 9 siswa belum bisa membaca. Faktor penghambat dalam kemampuan literasi membaca dapat berupa penggunaan kosa kata yang tidak sesuai dengan tingkat pemahaman siswa, gangguan konsentrasi serta rendahnya minat siswa dalam membaca dan mendengarkan sehingga siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam literasi membaca. Upaya untuk mengatasi kemampuan literasi membaca pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas II dengan cara membuat suasana yang menyenangkan dan interaktif selama proses KBM berlangsung, menggunakan berbagai teknik seperti bercerita dengan intonasi yang menarik dan dengan suara yang jelas, mengajukan pertanyaan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman siswa dan memberikan umpan balik yang kontruktif kepada siswa untuk meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman mereka.
The diversity of mangrove forests and geographical biases in their research
Authors: Friess Daniel A
Published: August 2024

Mangrove forests show amazing diversity in structure and process across scales, from site-scale patterns of vegetation distribution to global-scale biogeographic patterns of species, Gross Primary Productivity, above-ground biomass, and ecosystem service provision. Spatial patterns are apparent in mangroves because of the myriad links between biophysical forcings (e.g., hydrodynamics, geomorphic setting, climate) and species-specific physiological thresholds and tolerances, culminating in a diverse set of mangrove ecosystem forms across their pantropical range. This Perspective celebrates the spatial diversity of mangrove forests, though a review of the geographic distribution of >2400 peer-reviewed articles suggests that mangrove research may not be adequately encompassing such spatial variation, with 10 countries accounting for 67.3% of all research locations, skewed to Australia, USA, and China. A substantial proportion of this research is conducted without local collaborators and their knowledge of their systems. The mismatch in ecosystem variation vs research location has implications for how we theorize mangroves, for example the paradigm that mangroves are land builders or land consolidators was stymied for decades because early research was conducted in areas where mangroves are peat-forming, though this represents <10% of the world’s mangrove forests. There are several pathways to matching spatial patterns of mangroves with the geographic distribution of research, including collaborative international science, support for publishing from underrepresented regions, and changing citation practices. If done ethically and avoiding parachute science, then such efforts can lead to a more holistic, nuanced, and inclusive understanding of this special intertidal ecosystem.
Larval presence and settlement of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) in a changing southern New England estuary
Authors: Huizenga Kristin , Oviatt Candace
Published: August 2024

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the American lobster (Homarus americanus) fishery boomed in southern New England, but starting in the early 2000s lobsters declined in the nearshore regions and the fishery retracted. While previous research has focused on the causes for the declining numbers of adult lobsters in the region as well as lobster settlement, lobster larvae were not sampled in Rhode Island waters. Additionally research was mixed on the origin of lobster larvae found inshore. To examine larval presence in coastal Rhode Island, weekly net tows were conducted at the mouth of Narragansett Bay during summer from 2019 to 2021, and light traps were deployed in 2020 and 2021. Time series segmentation and generalized linear models assessed trends and connections between lobsters caught in trawl surveys, commercial landings data, lobster settlement data, bottom water temperatures, and climate indices. Larval supply to Narragansett Bay is very low and mostly concentrated in the East Passage where ocean water flows into the bay, suggesting that a failure in larval supply from offshore sources is harming local population levels. Time series segmentation and models indicate that declines in lobster settlement followed the decline in adult lobsters in coastal Rhode Island, not Narragansett Bay. Altogether, the data suggest that larval lobster are transported inshore from spawning stock outside the bay. Present circulation patterns combined with the movement of lobsters into deeper waters has made the transport of larvae to Narragansett Bay unlikely.
Analysing The Role Of Infrastructure To Accentuate The Art Of Teaching In Educational Institutions
Authors: Naithani Mrs Puja Pant , Devi Dr Sita
Published: August 2024

Globally, information, communication, and technology (ICT) have revolutionized the art of imparting education. All educational institutions and people that have embraced technology have reaped tremendous rewards. Integration of ICT has successfully handled major concerns such as access, efficiency, and quality. The access of, information and communication technology (ICT) have harmonized the art of teaching and promotes the bonding between educator and scholar. India advocated for the use of ICT infrastructure in secondary school teaching and learning. However, studies suggest that, in relation to worldwide trends, the adoption rates have been quite sluggish and low. Teachers, school leaders, and students all need to familiarize with this new art and gain new skills and competences as a result of the usage of ICT infrastructure. As a result, all stakeholders must resolve to surpass all impediments encountered in the use of ICT in teaching and learning so that schools do not trail to embrace this new art of science. The importance of infrastructure to revolutionize the art of teaching by adoption of technology in educational institutes is the topic of this research.
Driving SME innovation with AI solutions: overcoming adoption barriers and future growth opportunities
Authors: Toluwalase Vanessa Iyelolu  , Edith Ebele Agu  , Courage Idemudia  , Tochukwu Ignatius Ijomah
Published: August 2024

This review paper investigates the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions to drive innovation within Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), addressing adoption barriers and exploring future growth opportunities. The primary objective is to synthesize existing literature on AI applications in SMEs, identifying the benefits, challenges, and strategies for successful implementation. The paper highlights that AI technologies can significantly enhance operational efficiency, product development, customer engagement, and competitive advantage for SMEs. Despite these benefits, several barriers hinder widespread AI adoption, including limited financial resources, lack of technical expertise, resistance to change, and concerns about data security and privacy. By reviewing various case studies and research findings, the paper identifies key strategies to overcome these challenges. These strategies include government incentives, public-private partnerships, affordable AI-as-a-Service models, and targeted training programs to build AI competencies within SMEs. The importance of fostering a supportive ecosystem with robust infrastructure, favorable regulatory frameworks, and access to funding is emphasized. The paper concludes that AI has the potential to revolutionize SMEs by enabling rapid and efficient innovation. However, realizing this potential requires concerted efforts from multiple stakeholders to address adoption barriers and create an enabling environment for AI-driven growth. Future research should focus on developing frameworks for scalable AI implementation tailored to the unique needs of SMEs and tracking the long-term impact of AI adoption. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state of AI in SMEs, offering insights into overcoming challenges and capitalizing on future opportunities for growth and innovation.
Pengenalan Trichoderma sp. sebagai Solusi Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Cabai di Kecamatan Grabagan, Tuban
Authors: Firlandiana Maulidi , Mustikaningrum Dhina , Suprayitno Suprayitno , Kristiawan Kristiawan , Maimunah Maimunah , Setyana Abdi Dewi , Prasetya Hery , Subiyanto Subiyanto
Published: August 2024

Trichoderma sp. merupakan salah satu jenis cendawan (jamur) yang ada di daerah perakaran tanaman dan mampu melindungi tanaman dari penyakit. Agens hayati ini dikenal mampu mengatasi serangan layu fusarium yang sering menyerang tanaman cabai. Kabupaten Tuban menjadi kawasan sentra cabai karena pada tahun 2022 berhasil memproduksi cabai rawit sebesar 36.528 Ton dan cabai besar mencapai 6.760,98 Ton. Salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Tuban yang memiliki tingkat produksi cabai tertinggi yaitu Kecamatan Grabagan dengan tingkat produksi 81,91%. Tingginya angka produksi cabai baik cabai rawit maupun cabai besar tersebut sebanding dengan tantangan budidaya cabai yang kian meningkat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan utama yaitu mengenalkan biopestisida dari agens hayati Trichoderma sp. kepada petani cabai di Kecamatan Grabagan, Kabupaten Tuban sebagai solusi atas penyakit layu cabai akibat jamur Fusarium sp. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yang digagas oleh Tim Dosen Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sunan Bonang Tuban telah dilaksanakan dengan mengikutsertakan 13 petani cabai Kecamatan Grabagan di Balai Penyuluhan dan Ketahanan Pangan (BPKP) Kecamatan Grabagan. Kegiatan ini berisi penyuluhan terkait perbanyakan jamur Trichoderma sp. secara sederhana serta pertanian berkelanjutan dengan konsep Back to Nature. Kegiatan dilengkapi praktik langsung perbanyakan jamur Trichoderma sp. dengan menggunakan nasi sebagai substrat. Berdasarkan hasil angket yang telah dibagikan kepada peserta, menghasilkan fakta bahwa 10 dari 13 petani cabai di Kecamatan Grabagan masih bergantung pada penggunaan pestisida sintetis. Setelah mendapatkan penyuluhan, 12 dari 13 petani cabai tersebut menyatakan bersedia untuk menerapkan pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan agens hayati Trichoderma sp.
Edukasi dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Dish Soap dari Limbah Kulit Nanas untuk Meningkatkan Kewirausahaan UMKM di Desa Tangkit Baru
Authors: Rahmi Silvi Leila , Wulansari Dian , Mursyid  , Fiardilla Fauziah , Prihantoro Rudi
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PPM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat Desa Tangkit Baru, khususnya pelaku UMKM, dalam memanfaatkan limbah kulit nanas sebagai bahan inovatif untuk produk sabun cuci piring. Program ini juga berfokus pada pengembangan jiwa kewirausahaan dengan mengolah limbah tersebut menjadi produk bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Target utama dari kegiatan ini adalah mengatasi masalah limbah dari produksi olahan nanas dan menciptakan variasi produk baru yang berkelanjutan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat setempat. Kegiatan PPM dilaksanakan dalam tiga tahap: (1) Pemberian materi mengenai pemanfaatan limbah nanas menjadi produk ekonomis, (2) Demonstrasi pembuatan sabun cuci piring dari kulit nanas, dan (3) Diskusi dengan peserta mengenai proses pembuatan sabun yang telah dilakukan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang potensi pemanfaatan limbah kulit nanas, serta ketertarikan yang tinggi terhadap inovasi produk ini sebagai peluang usaha baru.
Ecologia de aprendizagem digital para educação em cidadania global
Authors: León Ana Vanessa Leguízamo , Mallmann Elena Maria
Published: August 2024

No contexto da globalização e o interesse de muitas instituições de educação superior em realizar atividades de internacionalização, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento e resultados de uma experiência educacional para a cidadania global em que o conceito de ecologia digital da aprendizagem foi utilizado para sua descrição. O caso de estudo se concentra em um curso de pós-graduação em educação de uma universidade no Brasil, ministrado por meio de sessões presenciais e virtuais. As sessões a distância foram desenvolvidas utilizando videoconferências síncronas com professores convidados de nove países ibero-americanos. O objetivo dessas sessões foi conhecer o progresso das tecnologias educacionais em cada um de seus países, com base nos conceitos de cidadania global durante o desenvolvimento das aulas. A experiência deixou claro que, embora os conteúdos e o ambiente de aprendizagem fossem os mesmos, cada aluno desenvolveu suas próprias temáticas apoiado na ecologia de aprendizagem digital proposta, de acordo com seus interesses e contexto particulares.