bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mengembangkan Keterampilan Membaca dan Menulis Melalui Berbagai Metode dan Media Pembelajaran yang Bervariasi
Authors: Wijayanti Try Indah , Utami Ratnasari Dyah
Published: May 2022

Keterampilan membaca dan menulis sangat penting bagi siswa sekolah dasar terutama kelas rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan permasalahan siswa dalam membaca dan menulis, (2) Mendeskripsikan upaya mengembangkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis pada siswa kelas rendah, (3) Mendeskripsikan kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam mengembangkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis pada siswa kelas rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan diskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas rendah, guru, dan orang tua siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan keabsahan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa masih ada beberapa siswa kelas rendah yang mengalami permasalahan dalam membaca dan menulis diantaranya pengejaan, huruf paten, membedakan huruf, kurang dalam penulisan huruf, kerapian menulis, dan membaca pemahaman. Upaya dalam mengembangkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis guru menggunakan beberapa cara untuk mengembangkan keterampilan membaca menulis diantaranya yaitu dengan menggunakan metode membaca eja, menggunakan metode SAS, menggunakan berbagai macam media pembelajaran, memberikan jam tambahan, bekerja sama dengan orang tua, serta memberikan reward. Dan terdapat kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam mengembangkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis yaitu pembelajaran tidak optimal, terbatasnya waktu, dan terbatasnya buku bacaan di sekolah.
Kompetensi Guru dalam Mengembangkan Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Norjanah Norjanah , Nasir Muhammad , Mauizdati Nida
Published: May 2022

Sebagai pendidik, guru tentunya mempunyai peran penting dalam mengembangkan wawasan siswa spesifiknya pada pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai kompetensi guru agama dalam mengembangkan pendidikan agama islam kepada siswa berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di SDN Karya Makmur Tabukan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengenali bagaimana gambaran kompetensi guru agama di dalam mengembangkan wawasan siswa pada pembelajaran agama Islam berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, serta aspek pendukung dan penghambatnya kompetensi guru agama dalam mengembangkan pemahaman siswa pada pembelajaran agama Islam berbasis teknologi, informasi dan komunikasi di SDN Karya Makmur Tabukan. Metode ini memakai metode penelitian kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Untuk teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini memanfaatkan wawancara semi terstruktur, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Adapun teknik menganalisis data pada penelitian ini ialah dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan tentang kompetensi guru agama Islam di SDN Karya Makmur Tabukan sudah baik namun perlunya bagi guru untuk lebih meningkatkan kompetensinya, faktor pendukung guru agama dalam mengembangkan pemahaman siswa yaitu adanya kurikulum, dan area sekolah yang kondusif dan faktor penghambatnya adalah fasilitas sekolah yang belum lengkap.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Nyaring Siswa SD melalui Media Pembelajaran Diorama Lingkungan
Authors: Syahid Sarah Nur Layyinna , Maula Luthfi Hamdani , Nurmeta Irna Khaleda , Sulastri Ati , Ruslani Ruslani
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan membaca nyaring siswa dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran diorama lingkungan di SDN 2 Sagaranten. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Setiap siklus diawali dengan tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi guru dan siswa serta tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media pembelajaran diorama lingkungan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca nyaring siswa di SDN 2 Sagaranten. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil olah data yang diperoleh pada siklus 1, sebanyak 14 siswa dari 28 jumlah seluruh siswa kelas 3 memiliki kemampuan membaca nyaring, sedangkan 14 siswa lainnya belum memiliki kemampuan membaca nyaring, sehingga presentase kemampuan membaca nyaring mencapai 50% dengan nilai rata-rata 69,1. Pada siklus 2 hasil olah data yang diperoleh yaitu 28 siswa dari 28 jumlah keseluruhan siswa memiliki kemampuan membaca nyaring dengan presentase 100% dan nilai rata-rata nya adalah 73.6.
PENERAPAN KEMASAN DAN LABEL UNTUK PRODUK OLAHAN SINGKONG DI KELOMPOK TANI BAROKAH
Authors: Nuraeni Ani , Hastati Dwi Yuni , Ratih L Faranita , Kuntari Wien
Published: May 2022

Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan kepada pelaku UMKM di Kelompok Tani Barokah tentang pentingnya peranan kemasan dan desain label kemasan dalam peningkatan nilai jual produk olahan singkong. Selama ini, produk yang dihasilkan masih belum memaksimalkan fungsi kemasan.Â  Sehingga manfaat kemasan yang dapat melindungi produk, dapat memperpanjang umur simpan ataupun dapat meningkatkan nilai jualnya belum diperoleh secara optimal. Â Oleh karena itu perlu diberikan pemahaman kepada pelaku UMKM di Kelompok Tani Barokah bahwa kemasan yang baik dan menarik dapat meningkatkan nilai jual produk. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan metode demontrasi dan penyuluhan yang meliputi: (1) memberikan pemahaman tentang jenis dan karakteristik kemasan pangan serta fungsinya dalam melindungi produk pangan, (2) memberikan informasi tentang pentingnya label pangan yang benar sesuai peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) dan menarik.Â  Dalam penyuluhan, penggunaan kemasan dan label pangan ini diaplikasikan pada produk diversifikasi olahan singkong Cassava Strip Pastry.Â Â  Luaran hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini berupa peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan peserta tentang tentang kemasan dan label pangan.Â  Hal ini terlihat pada peningkatan nilai post-test hingga 60 %.Â  Diharapkan peningkatan pemahaman ini akan meningkatkan kemampuan pelaku UMKM di Kelompok Tani Barokah dalam menghasilkan produk olahan singkong bernilai jual tinggi sehingga dapat menjadi produk unggulan di Desa Benteng, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor.
Etnomatematika: Eksplorasi Transformasi Geometri Ornamen Interior Balairung Istana Maimun Sebagai Sumber Belajar Matematika
Authors: Hasibuan Havidah Adawiyah , Hasanah Rusi Ulfa
Published: May 2022

Istana Maimun merupakan bukti kemegahan dari kesultanan Deli, yaitu Sultan Makmun Al Rasyid Perkasa Alamsja. Setiap sisi istana ini dipenuhi dengan ornamen yang memiliki makna yang mendalam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian etnomatematika yang bertujuan mencari unsur matematika berupa transformasi geometri pada ornamen interior balairung Istana Maimun sebagai sumber belajar matematika di sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Adapun metode penelitiannya adalah dengan observasi, dokumentasi, dan kajian literature. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif yaitu reduksi data, tampilan data, dan terakhir menarik kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa adanya konsep etnomatematika pada ornamen Istana Maimun berupa tranformasi geometri seperti pada bagian ruangan balairung istana maimun. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ornamen pada Istana Maimun dapat digunakan sebagai sumber alternative dari pembelajaran matematika, terutama tranformasi geometri.
Connotation, Structure and Optimization Strategy of Teaching Sensitivity
Authors: Chen Yuru
Published: May 2022

Teachers' teaching sensitivity is a process of being direct and sensitive to educational phenomena in specific teaching situations, grasping the opportunity of education and responding in time. Teaching sensitivity occurs in specific educational situations. Teachers' sensitivity to educational resources, educational objects, etc. lies in teachers' teaching wit and educational wisdom in applying professional knowledge and theory. Its composition is obviously complicated. As far as the content dimension is concerned, teaching sensitivity can be divided into different contents and categories, including moral sensitivity, emotional sensitivity, cultural sensitivity and action sensitivity. Teachers' sensitivity optimization strategies explore more appropriate training methods from different dimensions. This research method was used in this research is a qualitative study of library research that focuses on books and other documents. a type of research used was qualitative. The cultivation of teachers' educational sensitivity will prompt them to constantly check, examine and demonstrate the logic, rationality, and educational nature of educational behavior in their own educational and teaching practice. Once teachers' educational ideals and values are examined and confirmed in real life, the essential significance of education and teachers' value pursuit can be built on a more solid foundation, and the significance of education and teachers' personal values can be realized. While having teaching sensitivity, teachers should also focus on improving their "wisdom" aspects in teaching, so that they can have both "wisdom" and "wisdom" in teaching life. It is not a simple matter of a day or two to improve teachers' teaching and practical wisdom. Teachers need to break free from the shackles of old and old teaching habits, and on the basis of maintaining a high degree of sensitivity, turn knowledge into wisdom, and express the essence of their teaching work in a professional and practical form.
Yozgat İli Halk Hekimliği Kapsamında “Bakır Basması’’ Hastalığı ve Tedavisi: Bir Kadın Şifacının Uygulaması
Authors: GÜNEŞER Ramazan , KIRIMLIOĞLU Nurdan
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Eski zamanlarda insanların hastalıklardan kurtulmak için kullandıkları sağaltım pratikleri nesiller boyu aktarılarak günümüze kadar ulaşmıştır. Modern tıptaki gelişmelerle birlikte kullanımları her ne kadar azalmış olsa da Anadolu’da hala bu tür uygulamaların varlığına rastlanılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızda, Yozgat ili halk hekimliği kapsamında ürtiker (bakır basması, dabaz) tedavisini uygulayan bir kadın şifacının yöntemi incelenmiş ve sağaltım amaçlı kullanılan uygulamanın özelliklerinin halk hekimliği bağlamında ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: 21.01.2021 tarihinde “bakır basması” ocaklısı olan kadın şifacı ile nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Şifacıya uygulama için kimden el aldığı, “bakır basması” tedavisinin uygulamasının ne şekilde olduğu, tedavide kullanılan özel bir terim, dua, kalıplaşmış söz olup olmadığı vb. 19 adet soru yöneltilmiş ve ortalama 40 dk. süren görüşme kendisinin izni ile kayıt altına alınmıştır. 02.02.2021 tarihinde şifacı evinde ziyaret edilmiş, tedavide kullanılan nesnelerin fotoğrafları izin alınarak çekilmiştir. Bulgular: Yozgat İlinde ikamet eden 70 yaşındaki kadın şifacı el verme yöntemi ile babasından öğrendiği “bakır basması” uygulamasını uzun yıllardır yapmaktadır. Şifacı tedavi esnasında Anadolu halk hekimliğinde sık rastlanılan ateş, toprak, bakır, kırmızı (al) renk gibi unsurları kullanmaktadır. Tedavi yönteminde rasyonel, dinsel ve majik uygulamaların iç içe geçtiği görülmektedir. Sonuç: Tedaviyi hızlandırmak ve başarı şansını arttırmak için belli kurallara uyularak uygulamaların yapılması ve sonucunun iyi olacağına dair sahip olunan inanç tedaviyi olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Halen varlığını sürdüren bu tür halk hekimliği uygulamalarının incelenerek kayıt altına alınması hem tıp tarihi açısından hem de halk tıbbı ile modern tıp arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir.
L’empio punito
Authors: Melani Alessandro
Published: May 2022

Alessandro Melani's L’empio punito was produced during a short period of prosperity for Roman opera in the second half of the seventeenth century. The libretto, by Filippo Acciaiuoli, versified by Giovanni Filippo Apolloni, adapts the Don Juan myth into an operia seria form. By borrowing many elements from classical literature, Acciaiuoli and Apolloni distance their story from the psychological and ideological topics of the original myth, thereby creating space to parody some of its previous models. The first performance, at the Teatro Colonna on 17 February 1669, was sponsored by Cardinal Flavio Chigi, Agostino Chigi, Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, and Cardinal Giacomo Rospigliosi, a collective sponsorship following the similar successful production of Il Girello in 1668. Contemporary accounts describe L’empio punito as a novelty and praise its production, especially the visual aspect, which was so well received that a second row of seats was added to allow the entire audience a good view of the stage. The scenery, costumes, ballets, and the various nobles in attendance were all described in the surviving avvisi; the quality of the music and the singing were also highly praised.
An analysis of the impact of direct taxes on the economic growth of Nigeria (1970-2020)
Authors: Garga Mustapha Ibrahim , Akanegbu Benedict
Published: May 2022

This study examined the impact of direct tax on the economic growth of Nigeria for the period of 1970-2020. The objectives that guided this study include: to establish the impact of companies’ income tax (CIT) on economic growth of Nigeria from 1970-2020; and to investigate the impact of petroleum profit tax (PPT) revenue on economic growth of Nigeria from 1970-2020. The study used data from Federal Inland Revenue Services, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The used Ordinary Least Square (OLS) Model, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), linear and multiple regression as data analysis tools. The finding of the study indicated a positive impact of companies’ income tax on the economic growth of Nigeria (R-Square = 0.0562, Prob > F = 0.0940). Furthermore, there was a positive impact of petroleum profit tax on the economic growth of Nigeria (R-squared = 0.1013, Prob > F = 0.0229). The study concluded that both CIT and PPT have a positive impact on the economic growth of Nigeria. The study recommended that the federal government of Nigeria should come up with diversification mechanisms that will avert over-dependence on oil revenue (petroleum profit tax) since when oil prices fluctuate, it can have detrimental effects on the economic growth of the country. The study further recommended that government should begin to emphasize tourism, agriculture, and telecommunications to expand its tax base.
TEMA DAN AMANAT LEGENDA KEAGAMAAN
Authors: farin Syifa evania
Published: May 2022

Legenda adalah cerita rakyat yang dianggap benar-benar terjadi yang ceritanya dihubungkan dengan tokoh sejarah serta dibumbui dengan keajaiban, kesaktian, dan keistimewaan tokohnya. Pengertian legenda adalah cerita prosa rakyat yang dianggap oleh yang mempunyai cerita sebagai sesuatu yang benar-benar terjadi. Sedangkan Menurut Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, pengertian legenda adal ah legenda adalah cerita rakyat pada zaman dahulu yang ada hubunganny adengan peristiwa sejarah. Masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan memiliki banyak legenda, khususnya legenda keagamaan dan perorangan.
MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL PADA NAGA SWALAYAN HANKAM
Authors: Umiyah Syifa Rahimi , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

Meningkatnya kelangkaan kelapa sawit diindonesia saat ini membuat harga minyak goreng melambung tinggi. Hal ini membuat masyarakat kecewa terhadap pemerintah. Oleh karna itu pemerintah mengumumkan harga subsidi minyak goreng yaitu Rp. 14.000 /liter tetapi itu juga membuat kegaduhan diberbagai supermarket dan minimarket di beberapa daerah, tidak terkecuali di Naga Swalayan Hankam. Oleh karna itu diperlukan manajemen operasional yang baik supaya tidak terjadi kerumunan yang akan membuat beberapa kerugian dari pihak karyawan dan costumernya. Manajemen operasional yang baik mencangkup dari segi perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penerapan, dan pengawasannya.Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Analisa deskriptif umtuk memperlihatkan kinerja manajemen oprasiaonal di Naga Swalaan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara wawancara semistruktur, dimana informan tersebut dianggap paling tahu pada objek yang diteliti.
Tugas Esay-Faliza Meltrianda
Authors: Meltrianda Faliza
Published: May 2022

Kaitan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Lingkungan
Sistem Manajemen Operasional Pada Kantor Akuntan Publik Drs. Bambang Mudjiono & Widiarto Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kantor
Authors: Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to describe the operational management function of Drs. Bambang Mudjiono & Widiarto which consists of three parts consisting of operational planning, operation scheduling and operation control. In operations planning there are five important elements, namely capacity planning, site planning, layout planning, quality planning and method planning.The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis to show a general description of office operational management control. The data collection technique was done by semi-structured interviews. The resource application technique uses purposive sampling technique, which is where the sampling is taken with certain considerations by selecting informants who are considered to know the most about the object under study. The data analysis technique was carried out with qualitative analysis techniques.The results of the research that have been carried out show that the Public Accounting Firm of Drs. Bambang Mudjiono & Widiarto in their operational planning need further improvements, including not having Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and recruiting new employees. Making SOP for offices and employees can help office operations run productively, consistently, effectively and efficiently, well managed. In addition, the use of the Audit Tool and Linked Archives (ATLAS) application can provide benefits for obtaining good audit quality for the office. Requesting feedback from clients is necessary to determine client satisfaction with the audit services that have been provided.
KEHIDUPAN DAN PANGGILAN RASULI PAULUS DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PERJUMPAAN DENGAN YESUS
Authors: situyu haryati sanda lolok
Published: May 2022

The historical aspect of Pau; which relates to the background of his life and studies since childhood has had a great influence on Paul’s way of thinking after his conversion. Paul feels proud of Tarsus, where it became a city of higher education as well as the center of governmant and trade. The Apostle Paul, previously known as saul, was a Pharisee who was very thick with Jewish teachings and culture and grew up in a Hellenistic environment and became a Roman citizen Saul Durubar radically through his meeting by God during his journey to Damascus (Acts 9.4), this article focuses on the Hellenistis influence on Paul’s theology and his calling as an apostle.
The Effectiveness of Fermi Problem solving with Flipped Learning Techniques in Teaching physics on Improving Critical Thinking Skills among Emirati Secondary Students
Authors: Bani-Hamad Adwan Mohammad Hasan , Alzubaidi Rania Saber Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Adwan Mohammad Hasan Bani-Hamad, Rania Saber Mohammad Alzubaidi. "The Effectiveness of Fermi Problem solving with Flipped Learning Techniques in Teaching physics on Improving Critical Thinking Skills among Emirati Secondary Students." Review of International Geographical Education Online 11, no. 8 (2021): 2730-2743.
Transgender-specific Adolescent Mental Health Provider Availability Is Substantially Lower in States with More Restrictive Policies
Authors: Hollinsaid Nathan Louis , Price Maggi , Hatzenbuehler Mark
Published: May 2022

Objective: Transgender adolescents experience adversity accessing mental healthcare, which is exacerbated by transgender-specific mental health provider shortages in the United States. Factors associated with variability in transgender-specific mental health provider availability across states—especially at the macro-social level—have yet to be identified, hindering efforts to address these shortages. To remedy this gap, we queried whether transgender-specific adolescent mental health provider availability varied by states’ transgender-specific policy climate. Method: We quantified states’ policy climate by factor-analyzing tallies of the presence/absence of 33 transgender-specific state laws/policies in six domains: parental/relationship recognition, nondiscrimination, education, healthcare, criminal justice, and identity documentation. We then tested whether states’ transgender-specific policy climate was associated with rates of transgender-specific adolescent mental health providers—identified via Psychology Today—per transgender adolescent in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.Results: Transgender-specific adolescent mental health provider availability was substantially lower in states with more restrictive laws/policies for transgender people (rate ratio=0.65, 95% CI [0.52, 0.81], p=0.00017), controlling for state-level conservatism, religiosity, and urbanicity. States’ transgender-specific policy climate was unrelated to rates of adolescent Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-specialty providers, Oppositional Defiant Disorder-specialty providers, and youth mental health provider shortages broadly, providing evidence for result specificity. Conclusions: Transgender adolescents appear to have access to considerably fewer transgender-specific mental health providers in states with more restrictive laws/policies for transgender people, which may compound their already high mental health burden in these contexts. Intervention and policy efforts are needed to address these shortages, particularly in states with increasingly prohibitive laws/policies targeting transgender adolescents.
Prosocial behavior in emergencies: Evidence from blood donors recruitment and retention during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bilancini Ennio , Boncinelli Leonardo , Di Paolo Roberto , Menicagli Dario , Pizziol Veronica , Ricciardi Emiliano , Serti Francesco
Published: May 2022

The impact of COVID-19 represents a specific challenge for voluntary transfusional systems sustained by the intrinsic motivations of blood donors. In general, health emergencies can stimulate altruistic behaviors. However, in this context, the same prosocial motivations, besides the personal health risks, could foster the adherence to social distancing rules to preserve collective health and, therefore, discourage blood donation activities. In this work, we investigate the consequences of the pandemic shock on the dynamics of new donors exploiting the individual-level longitudinal information contained in administrative data on the Italian region of Tuscany. We compare the change in new donors’ recruitment and retention during 2020 with respect to the 2017-2019 period, considering donors’ and their municipalities of residence characteristics. Our results show an increment of new donors, with higher growth for older donors. Moreover, we demonstrate that the quality of new donors, as proxied by the frequency of subsequent donations, increased with respect to previous years. Finally, we show that changes in extrinsic motivations, such as the possibility of obtaining a free antibody test or overcoming movement restrictions, cannot explain the documented improvement in performances.
Considerations for a workload model: Top clinical practice barriers of school SLPs
Authors: Cummings Alycia Erin , Ogiela Diane , Brock Kristofer , Blaiser Kristina , Bargen Gabriel
Published: May 2022

PurposeAs critical shortages of school speech-language pathologists (SLPs) continue, it is important to gain a better understanding of the barriers they face in order to mitigate them. In contrast to previous surveys that report challenges identified by school-based SLPs, the present study investigated which workplace- and student-related barriers are perceived as having the greatest impact on clinical practice, and how these may differ as a function of caseload size and years of experience. MethodSchool-based SLPs completed a web-based questionnaire addressing barriers of efficient and effective clinical practice. The questionnaire was either partially or fully completed by 422 SLPs who work with children.ResultsFour workplace-related barriers reported as having the greatest impact were caseload size, preparation time, scheduling around other workplace commitments, and school/state policies. Four student-related barriers identified as having the greatest impact were inappropriate student behaviors, severity of student’s disorder(s), parent/family motivation, and student attendance. Logistic regressions indicated that SLPs’ years of experience was not a significant predictor of barriers, but caseload size was a significant predictor of SLPs perceiving caseload size, preparation time, and school/state policies as barriers. Respondents perceived scheduling and inappropriate student behaviors as barriers regardless of caseload size.ConclusionsThis study identified clinical practice barriers most frequently identified as having the greatest impact on school SLP practice. Because large caseload size likely exacerbates other challenges, an increased use of workload, rather than caseload, approaches to practice management could have a positive impact on school SLPs’ effectiveness, job satisfaction, and retention.
Young Children Infer Psychological Ownership from Stewardship
Authors: Cleroux Angelina , Peck Joann , Friedman Ori
Published: May 2022

Although people of take care of their own possessions, they also engage in stewardship and take care of things they do not own. Here, we examine what young children infer when they observe stewardship behavior of an object. Through four experiments on predominantly middle-class Canadian children (total N = 350, 168 girls and 182 boys from a predominantly White and middle-class region), we find that children as young as four or five infer feelings of ownership from stewardship behaviors, and distinguish between psychological and legal ownership. They also understand that psychological and legal ownership are independent as one can exist without the other, and children as young as 3 may link stewardship with welfare concerns. We also suggest that while stewardship has been shown to be a consequence of psychological ownership, it is also likely to be an antecedent. As future stewards of our resources, young children’s understanding of the link between psychological ownership and stewardship links directly to sustainability concerns. We contribute theoretically both to the child development and the psychological ownership literatures.
Development and Validation of the Perceived Tolerance of Sexual Harassment in the Military Scale
Authors: Murdoch Maureen , Pryor John B. , Polusny Melissa A , Gackstetter Gary D , Ripley Diane Cowper
Published: May 2022

We developed and refined a measure of perceived sexual harassment tolerance, the Perceived Tolerance of Sexual Harassment in the Military (PTSH), that examined social norms perceived as emanating from troops’ immediate work unit, immediate supervisor, and senior officer. A 6-item version had 0.88 internal consistency and explained 55% of the variance in participants’ responses. Overall, the 6-item PTSH accounted for 3% of the variance in the severity of sexual harassment men reported and almost 16% of the variance in sexual harassment severity reported by women, after adjustment for other predictors. The PTSH could be a useful tool to identify norms across military units and posts, to identify characteristics associated with exceptionally low or high perceived sexual harassment tolerance, to establish benchmarks of performance, and to target future interventions to reduce sexual harassment.
Stubborn predictions in primary visual cortex
Authors: Yon Daniel , Thomas Emily , Gilbert Sam , de Lange Floris , Kok Peter , Press Clare
Published: May 2022

Perceivers can use past experiences to make sense of ambiguous sensory signals. However, this may be inappropriate when the world changes and past experiences no longer predict what the future holds. Optimal learning models propose that observers decide whether to stick with or update their predictions by tracking the uncertainty or ‘precision’ of their expectations. But contrasting theories of prediction have argued that we are prone to misestimate uncertainty – leading to stubborn predictions that are difficult to dislodge. To compare these possibilities, we had participants learn novel perceptual predictions before using fMRI to record visual brain activity when predictive contingencies were disrupted - meaning that previously ‘expected’ events become objectively improbable. Multivariate pattern analyses revealed that expected events continued to be decoded with greater fidelity from primary visual cortex, despite marked changes in the statistical structure of the environment which rendered these expectations no longer valid. These results suggest that our perceptual systems do indeed form stubborn predictions even from short periods of learning – and more generally suggest that top-down expectations have the potential to help or hinder perceptual inference in bounded minds like ours.
Individual Differences in Emotion Regulation Capacity are Unrelated to Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms
Authors: Andrews Jack L , Dalgleish Tim , Stretton Jason , Schweizer Susanne
Published: May 2022

Research suggests affective symptoms are associated with habitual use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in individuals with mental health problems. Less is known, however, about whether mental health problems are related to reduced emotion regulation capacity per se. The current study investigates this question using a film-based emotion regulation task that required participants to downregulate their emotional response to highly evocative real-life film footage. We pooled data (N= 512, age: 18-89 years, 54% female) from 6 independent studies using this task. In contrast to our predictions, we found no support that symptoms of depression and anxiety were related to emotion regulation capacity or to emotional reactivity to negative films. These findings raise the possibility that the experience of mental health problems may not be associated with reduced emotion regulation capacity when measured using a regulation task. Implications for the measurement of emotion regulation as well as future directions for research in the field of emotion regulation are discussed.
Ontological Diversity in Gaming Disorder Measurement: A Nationally Representative Registered Report
Authors: Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Vahlo Jukka , Martončik Marcel , Munukka Matti , Koskimaa Raine , von Bonsdorff Mikaela
Published: May 2022

Gaming-related health problems have been researched since the 1980s with numerous different “ontologies” as reference systems, from self-assessed “game addiction” to “pathological gam-bling” (in the DSM-IV), “internet gaming disorder” (in the 3rd section of the DSM-5) and most recently “gaming disorder” (in the ICD-11). Our goal was to investigate how screening instru-ments that derive from different ontologies differ in identifying associated problem groups. By using four central screening instruments, each representing a different ontological basis, we hypothesized differences and similarities in prevalence, overlap, and health. A nationally repre-sentative (N=8217) sample of Finnish participants was collected. The screening instruments produced significantly different prevalence rates (from 0.4% to 6.9%) and the binomial probabilities of group overlap ranged from poor (0.419) to good (0.919). Expectedly, the problem groups had lower mental health than the general population, yet exploratory analyses implied equivalent or significantly higher physical health. We also found strong exploratory evidence for mischievous responding to complicate the measurement of gaming problems. Considering that several major differences were confirmed between the four gaming problem constructs, we recommend researchers to clearly define their construct of interest, i.e., whether they are studying the ICD-11 based official mental disorder, the DSM-5 proposed “internet gaming disorder,” or other gaming problems—especially in future meta-analyses.
Undergraduate Lay Theories of Abilities: Mindset, universality, and brilliance beliefs uniquely predict undergraduate educational outcomes
Authors: Limeri Lisa , CARTER NATHAN T , Lyra Franchesca , Martin Joel , Mastronardo Halle , Patel Jay , Dolan Erin L
Published: May 2022

Students’ beliefs about the nature of their abilities (collectively called “lay theories”) affect their motivations, behaviors, and academic success. Lay theories include beliefs about the potential to improve intelligence (mindset), who (i.e., everyone or only some people) has the potential to be excellent in a discipline (universality), and whether reaching excellence in a field requires raw intellectual talent (brilliance). Recent research demonstrates that each of these beliefs influences students’ educational experiences and academic outcomes. However, there remain open questions about whether they represent distinct latent constructs, or are susceptible to the “jangle fallacy” (i.e., different names given to the same underlying construct). We conducted a multi-phase, mixed-methods study to (1) evaluate whether mindset, universality, and brilliance beliefs represent conceptually and empirically discriminable concepts, and (2) evaluate whether mindset, universality, and brilliance beliefs exhibit unique explanatory value for both psychosocial (e.g., sense of belonging) and academic outcomes (e.g., course grades). To aid in addressing these questions, we developed and collected validity evidence for a new measure of undergraduate lay theories, which we have titled the Undergraduate Lay Theories of Abilities (ULTrA) survey. Factor analyses suggest that mindset, brilliance, and universality are distinct and empirically discriminable constructs. Regression analyses indicate that each of the lay theories contributes unique predictive value to relevant academic outcomes.
Self-Focused and Unconvinced: Value Profiles and Climate Change Skepticism in Young Adolescents
Authors: Grapsas Stathis , Thomaes Sander , Becht Andrik
Published: May 2022

NOTE: After peer review, the manuscript was revised, resubmitted, and published with the title: "Self-focused value profiles relate to climate change skepticism in young adolescents". The publication is available open access at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494423000269 . Please refer to the published article. ABSTRACT: Climate change skepticism hampers the sustainable change of individuals and societies. Unfortunately, little is known about its developmental origins and early psychological underpinnings. To address these issues, the present study examined the links between basic values and climate change skepticism in adolescents from three culturally, socially, and politically diverse countries. In an online survey, adolescents (N = 5244, ages 12–14) from the Netherlands, China, and Colombia reported their basic values and levels of climate change skepticism. Correlation analyses showed that, in each country, adolescents who reported elevated levels of climate change skepticism prioritized self-enhancement values (and, to a lesser degree, openness-to-change values), but not self-transcendence values. Latent Profile Analyses of adolescents’ value priorities identified 5 value priority profiles, and similarly showed that adolescents with self-focused value priority systems reported higher levels of climate change skepticism than adolescents with other-focused value priority systems. Together, these findings show that, across countries, early emerging climate change skepticism is linked to value systems that promote self-interest over collective welfare. These findings also suggest the potential for implementing intervention at an early age, when adolescents’ budding values and views on polarized topics such as climate change may be most malleable.
Evaluative reactions to minority languages and their varieties: Evidence from new speakers of West Frisian
Authors: Kircher Ruth , Kutlu Ethan , Vellinga Mirjam
Published: May 2022

Little is known about the connection between individuals’ evaluative reactions to (1) minority languages as such and (2) specific varieties of these minority languages. This study investigated such evaluative reactions amongst new speakers of Frisian in the Netherlands (n=264). A questionnaire was used to elicit participants’ attitudes towards the Frisian language and their evaluations of the specific variety of Frisian they were taught. The results revealed a significant correlation between participants’ status-related attitudes towards Frisian and their anonymity-related evaluations of the variety they were taught – as well as between participants’ solidarity-related attitudes towards Frisian and their authenticity-related evaluations of the variety they were taught. The former were close to neutral; the latter were mildly positive. The paper discusses how these results not only advance our general understanding of language in society, but also facilitate the development of more comprehensive science communication to inform revitalisation strategies in minority contexts.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Glaucoma Presenting to Bharatpur Eye Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Sah Ranjeet Kumar , Byanju Raghunandan , Bhandari Sangita Sharma , Shrestha Ligal Anju , Bhandari Gopal
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma will affect 79.6 million individuals by 2020, according to projections. Improved glaucoma screening and treatment approaches are urgently needed. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics of glaucoma patients who visit Bharatpur Eye Hospital and aims to calculate the number of new diagnoses of glaucoma from 01 February 2020 to 15 March 2020. 
Materials and methods: This is a hospital-based, cross-section study. All patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma were invited to participate. The examination findings, diagnosis, and management were all documented. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect patient knowledge and understanding of glaucoma.
Results: Among 127 patients 52.8% were newly diagnosed with glaucoma. Many patients (59.8%) were symptomatic for more than 6 months. The mean presenting intraocular pressure was 20.86 mm Hg with an SD of 11.55 mm Hg. Only 44.9% of the participants had heard about glaucoma. Many participants (65.4%) did not have knowledge of glaucoma. Among 127 participants 9.4% had a family history of glaucoma.
Conclusion: Glaucoma is a significant burden that presents challenges to ophthalmic services in Chitwan. Many people have a poor understanding of their condition and have limited access to services. There is a need to build a treatment infrastructure and raise public awareness.
Ultrasound Immersion Technique in the Management of Intra-lenticular Foreign Body in Low Resource Setting: A Case Series
Authors: Thapa Bikram Bahadur , Singh Sweta , Basnet Rakshya , Lamichhane Gyanendra
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The eye hospitals of low-income countries including Nepal are not equipped with imaging modalities including CT scan, UBM and Pentacam but most of them have ophthalmic ultrasound. We evaluate the utility of routine ultrasound for proper localization and confirmation of the intra-lenticular foreign body along with detection of the status of the posterior capsule using immersion technique. 
Case: Four consecutive cases with intra-lenticular foreign bodies presenting to the vitreo-retina department of Lumbini Eye Institute were included in the study. Ultrasound immersion technique was used to detect the ILFB along with x-ray. Planned ILFB removal with phacoemulsification or lens aspiration and foldable IOL implantation as a single-stage procedure was done in all the patients. They were followed up to 3 months after the surgery.
Observations: Intra-lenticular location of IOFB was confirmed by ultrasound immersion technique in all 4 eyes. Intactness of the posterior capsule was also detected preoperatively in all 4 eyes.  ILFBs were removed with Utrata’s capsulorrhexis forcep in all cases following capsulorrhexis.  Phacoemulsification was performed to remove cataract in 2 cases whereas lens aspiration with Simcoe canula was performed in other two cases. Single piece acrylic foldable intraocular lens was implanted in all cases. Posterior capsule was intact in all 4 cases intra-operatively. Features of siderosis were observed in one case. Mild postoperative uveitis was seen in all cases and was controlled with topical steroids. Best corrected visual acuity at the last examination was 6/9 or better in all cases.
Conclusions: Ultrasound immersion technique is very useful tool in management of intra-lenticular foreign body at least in low resource setting. Phacoemulsification /lens aspiration with ILFB removal and IOL implantation provides good visual outcome in these eyes.
Scleral Abscess of the Infusion Port Site Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy and its Management
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum , Srirampur Arjun , Agraharam Satish Gooty
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Mycotic scleral abscess after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is a rare entity and a scleral abscess caused by Aspergillus flavus following PPV has not been reported in the literature. We describe the clinical presentation, complication and management outcome in a patient, who developed a mycotic scleral abscess at the infusion port site after 20 gauge pars plana vitrectomy. 
Case: Two weeks after pars plana vitrectomy, a patient presented with a scleral abscess at the site of infusion port. He was a known diabetic, had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and was using steroid eye drop at the time of presentation. Surgical debridement of the abscess was performed and he was treated with topical and systemic antifungal drugs. After three days of incubation, Sabouraud dextrose agar identified growth of Aspergillus flavus. After showing initial resolution, at 4 weeks follow up, the scleral abscess was noted to have progressed to involve the adjacent cornea. Corneoscleral patch graft was performed and treatment with topical and systemic antifungal was continued, which led to complete resolution of the corneoscleral abscess with corneal opacity and scar formation, over a period of eight weeks.  
Conclusion:  Scleral abscess is a rare complication after pars plana vitrectomy and requires early and appropriate treatment to decrease the ocular morbidity. Dissemination of the infection to involve the cornea can be managed with corneo scleral patch graft and appropriate antifungal medications to salvage the eye.
Causes and Managements of Early-Onset Ocular Hypertension Following Pars Plana Vitrectomy with Silicone Oil for Retinal Detachment and Exploration of Trabeculectomy as a Viable Alternative Management: A Pilot Study
Authors: Khatri Anadi , Singh Kinsuk , Wagle Bivek , K.C Hony , Karki Pratap , Mermoud André
Published: May 2022

Introduction: This study aims to study a relatively unexplored topic about the causes and managements of early-onset ocular hypertension (OHTN) following the pars plana vitrectomy  with silicone oil (PPV with SO) procedure for retinal detachment. Additionally, to explore the outcome of trabeculectomy in managing such patients.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective exploratory pilot study. We studied 23 patients who underwent the procedure then subsequently developed ocular hypertension within a month of the procedure. The probable causes for their early-onset ocular hypertension were identified and addressed with medicine, peripheral iridotomy (PI), complete or partial silicone removal.  Trabeculoplasty was done in irretractable causes. This study aimed to evaluate the causes of early onset ocular hypertension after pars plana vitrectomy  with silicone oil and explore the outcome of different managements including trabeculectomy.
Results: Inflammation (n=11, 47.8%) was the most common cause of early-onset ocular hypertension. Other causes were overfilling/spilling of silicone oil in anterior chamber (n=5, 21.7%), pupillary block (n=4, 17.4%) and angle-recession glaucoma (n=2, 8.69%). Majority of the cases responded to intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications (n=11). Three eyes with persistently high intraocular pressure underwent trabeculectomy after which the intraocular pressure was controlled. 
Conclusion: Even though prior studies have reported that trabeculectomy does not address late-onset ocular hypertension, our study shows that the procedure might be helpful in early-onset ocular hypertension. This is probably because at the time of presentation for early-onset ocular hypertension, silicone has not emulsified, which will not be the case in late-onset ocular hypertension. If a large study also shows that trabeculectomy can correct early-onset ocular hypertension, this information can guide the practices of ophthalmologists whose patients cannot afford expensive glaucoma drainage devices.
Corneal Perforation Secondary to Rosacea Keratitis Managed with Excellent Visual Outcome
Authors: Gurnani Bharat , Christy Josephine , Narayana Shivananda , Kaur Kirandeep , Moutappa Fredrick
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Ocular Rosacea is a poly etiological chronic inflammatory disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. It is primarily a dermatologic disease, which often manifests in the eyes affecting eyelids, conjunctiva, and cornea. The leading role in the pathological process belongs to the disruption of regulatory mechanisms in the vascular, immune, and nervous systems. The varied manifestation can be erythematous pustular lesions on the face, chronic blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, evaporative dry eye, peripheral corneal ulceration, corneal scarring, perforation, and neovascularization. 
 
Case: We describe a rare case report of a 43-year-old male with progressive ocular manifestations of rosacea keratitis. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination revealed squamous blepharitis, telangiectatic vessels with obliterated meibomian glands, circumcorneal congestion, peripheral corneal perforation of 2x2 mm at 4 0 clock, shallow anterior chamber(AC) with positive seidel’s in the left eye. Fundoscopy showed serous choroidal detachment(CD). Snellen’s Best Corrected Visual Acuity(BCVA) was 20/240 with Intraocular pressure measured was 5 mmhg. The patient was managed with topical loteprednol, moxifloxacin, carboxymethylcellulose medications along with cyanoacrylate glue and bandage contact lens and had excellent visual acuity of 20/20 with a follow-up of 1 year.
Conclusion: Ocular rosacea perforation has been reported in chronic cases and may not always require amniotic membrane transplant, patch grafting, or keratoplasty. If managed meticulously with cyanoacrylate glue and BCL can have excellent outcomes. Eye specialists should be alerted that the key to a successful outcome is excellent control of inflammatory activity and differentiating this non-infectious keratitis from other keratitis before commencing treatment.