bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical manifestations of nasoethmoid-central midface and lateral mid midface trauma: an analytical study
Authors: Munjal Manish , Kanotra Sonika , Munjal Shubham , Chopra Parth , Saggar Vanshika , Kaur Hardeep , Sandhu Lovleen , Binepal Tejbir Singh , Pillai Anjana , Chopra Hemant , Uppal Sanjeev
Published: October 2023

Background: Patients with facial trauma were analyzed to determine the clinical presentation of fractures of the naso-ethmoid, mid and lateral face.
Methods: 61 patients in the trauma unit of Dayanand Medical College were prospectively analyzed during a period of two years (August 2013 to August 2015).
Results: Road traffic accidents were the major cause of fractures (72.13%) followed by assaults (14.75%) and falls (8.19%). The age group commonly affected was 21-30 years (54.09%) followed by 31-40 years (13.11%). Facial fractures were more in males, the females being 5 times less at risk. Epistaxis, swelling, tenderness, nasal obstruction, external nasal deformity and crepitus were noted in almost all patients. Ecchymosis, telecanthus and CSF rhinorrhea were noted in 90.9%, 72.7%, and 18.18% respectively. 90% presented with circumorbital ecchymosis, facial edema and anterior open bite. Other symptoms were epistaxis (81%), infraorbital nerve anesthesia and surgical emphysema (47.6%) and lengthening of face (42.8%). The commonest presentation was circumorbital ecchymosis (95.5%), subconjuctival hemorrhage (85.7%), flattening of cheek and step deformity at the infraorbital margin (81%). Facial edema was seen in 76% and trismus in 42.9%.
Conclusions: Common symptoms and signs of nasoethmoid fractures included epistaxis, swelling and tenderness, nasal obstruction, external nasal deformity and crepitus in all patients, circumorbital ecchymosis in 90% and telecanthus in 73%.
Electrically evoked compound action potential in children following cochlear implantation and its correlation with cochlear nerve diameter
Authors: Das Aparna , Alexander Arun , Sreenivasan Anuprasad , Ganesan Sivaraman
Published: October 2023

Background: The study evaluated changes in the threshold of ECAP recorded during cochlear implantation, at switch on, after three months and six months following cochlear implantation. It further assessed the correlation between the ECAP threshold with T and C levels and the cochlear nerve diameter measured preoperatively.
Methods: A prospective study of 42 prelingually deaf children who underwent cochlear implantation was conducted. The ECAP threshold values intra-operatively, at switch on, three months and six months were recorded and analysed. The T and C levels were assessed six months postoperatively, and correlation with the ECAP threshold was analysed. The diameter of the cochlear nerve was recorded, and its correlation with the ECAP threshold was determined.
Results: Over six months, the basal, central and apical electrodes showed a statistically significant reduction in ECAP threshold of 11.64%, 4.67% and 25.81%, respectively, in candidates implanted with Advanced Bionics implant and 18.89%, 12.78% and 14.08%, respectively in candidates implanted with Nucleus implant. The ECAP thresholds were lower for the apical electrodes. No correlation was found between the ECAP threshold and T and C levels. A correlation between the cochlear nerve diameter and ECAP was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: There was a statistically significant change in the ECAP threshold over six months. There was no statistically significant correlation between the ECAP thresholds and T and C levels. The value of ECAP thresholds to measure C and T values need to be relooked. There was no correlation between the cochlear nerve diameter and the ECAP threshold.
Management of paranasal sinus mucoceles (fronto-ethmoid mucocele)
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Malbhage Jaymala Sanjayrao
Published: October 2023

Paranasal sinus mucoceles are quite rare and benign but expansile masses. Most commonly frontal and ethmoid sinuses are involved, maxillary and sphenoid sinues are involved in descending order of frequency. Early recognition and timely management of Paranasal sinus mucocele is very important as it can cause local, orbital and cranial complications which led to our prospective study. This was prospective study of five patients at tertiary care at BMC Sagar from May 2021 to April 2022, after our ethics committee approval. Proper history was taken. Otorhinolaryngological and ophthalmological examination was done. Computed tomography was preferred mode of imaging. All cases were managed surgically through endoscopically. Our study was compromised of five patients. Out of them two were females and three were mens. Mean age of patient was 54.2. In our study most common symptom was periorbital swelling and displacement of eyeball. Most common sign was proptosis. Most common sinus involved were frontoethmoid. Paranasal sinus mucoceles usually occur at 3rd to 7th decade of age group with almost equal sex ratio. Computed tomography is preferred mode of imaging. Endoscopic endonasal surgery is currently most commonly used surgical method for this. Paranasal sinus mucocele has good outcome if treated timely. Early recognition and management is very important as it can cause local, orbital and cranial complications.
Hype or healing: unveiling the truth behind manuka honey?
Authors: T. B. Shashidhar , Srivastava Trisha , Chandra Indresh
Published: October 2023

Aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of Manuka honey (MH) in various applications to treat drug resistant ENT infections as an adjuvant therapy. The antibacterial properties and antioxidant properties of MH is attributed to the presence of high concentration of methylglyoxal (MGO) and flavonoid, phenolic compounds respectively. Unique manuka factor (UMF) rating is a scale used to determine the antibacterial potency of MH which directly correlates to the MGO and phenolic components in MH. Various cases of nasal crusting in post operative period with multidrug resistant bacterial cultures were included in the study. Each case was started on thorough nasal douching as well as manuka honey topical application. Regular and meticulous follow up was done for each case via endoscopic examination and medical record was kept of any potential side effects. Perichondritis of pinna was included in the study with potentially unique application the above-mentioned condition. MH is a natural antibiotic with low toxicity profile, allowing for prolonged use when necessary. Moreover, the development of bacterial resistance to honey has yet to be reported, making it an attractive alternative or adjunctive therapy, particularly in cases where antimicrobial resistance is a concern. While Manuka honey's antimicrobial properties have been observed in various studies, translating this knowledge into clinical practice requires rigorous investigation to ensure its effectiveness, safety, and proper integration with conventional antibiotic therapies.
Bilateral fibro-osseous TMJ ankylosis in Marie-Strumpell disease: a case report
Authors: Mehta Sandeep , Kumar Andrews Navin , Dua Gaurav , Tokas Omesh , Singh Sambhyal Shanender
Published: October 2023

Reporting a case of bilateral fibro-osseous TMJ ankylosis in Marie-Strumpell disease. Managed with interposition gap arthroplasty with temporalis myofacial flap. Marie-Strumpell disease or ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting predominantly the axial skeleton although peripheral joint involvement may be a significant feature. Temporo-mandibular joint involvement in ankylosing spondylitis varies from 4% to 35%. A 53-year-old male patient reported to our department with a chief complaint of difficulty in opening his mouth and difficulty in eating food. The case was diagnosed as a case of bilateral fibro-osseous TMJ ankylosis associated with ankylosing spondylitis. The individual was managed with aggressive resection of ankylotic segments and inter-position of the temporalis myofascial flap bilaterally with early mobilization and aggressive physiotherapy. Aggressive resection of the ankylotic mass with inter-positional gap arthroplasty with early mobilization and aggressive physiotherapy is a highly effective and safe surgical management option for the management of TMJ ankylosis and with acceptable immediate and long-term outcome with minimum re-ankylosis and have produced satisfactory mandibular movements.
A challenging fibrosarcomatous variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of head and neck: a case report
Authors: Desai Sharad S. , Pol Jaydeep N. , Khivasara Jayesh S. , Hormuzdi Dinshaw M. , Shinde Rajwardhan A. , Goyal Prachi P. , Kaushal Swapnil
Published: October 2023

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an unusual tumour of soft tissue with local invasive property with high rate of recurrence after surgical treatment. DFSP is frequently seen on the trunk and proximal extremities, although a 10-15% cases accounts in head and neck region. Mainstay for success of surgery in DFSP remains complete removal of tumour with adequate surgical margins of approximately 3cms. In head neck region challenges associated with surgery may be inadequate surgical margins, poor functional and cosmetic outcomes. We present a case of a 35 years old male reported to our hospital with complaint of rapidly growing mass over right cheek and retroauricular region causing facial deformity. Incisional biopsy diagnosis was made DFSP. The patient underwent wide local excision of tumour followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Final histopatholgy showed fibrosarcomatous transformation of DFSP. After 24 months of post-op follow up, patient recovery was satisfactory without any signs of recurrence. This case is presented for its rarity and it highlights the need for proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
Cavernous hemangioma of buccal mucosa: an unusual presentation: case report and review of literature
Authors: S. G. Mahesh , Bhandary Rukma , Tanthry Deepalakshmi , Pai Vishwas K. , M. Sapna
Published: October 2023

Cavernous hemangiomas are benign vascular malformations which arises during first 8 weeks of life. Most of the Cavernous hemangiomas, about 90% undergo spontaneous involution, with a small proportion of cases involving intervention. Cavernous hemangiomas can affect 1 in 200 people hence the incidence of cavernous hemangioma of buccal mucosa accounting for much rare of an entity. Here we present one such rare and interesting case which required a surgical intervention as a modality of treatment. 45-year-old male patient presenting to us with complaints of swelling over left cheek for 6 months. After thorough clinical and radiological evaluation, the mass was surgically resected and specimen was sent to HPE- Reported as cavernous haemangioma. The incidence of cavernous haemangioma of being 0.5%. The aim of this case report was to discuss the journey of one such rare incidence of cavernous hemangioma of buccal mucosa with surgical intervention being the modality of treatment.
A rare case of congenital adult pharyngeal web causing airway obstruction managed by coblation technology
Authors: Pari Vishnupriya , Panja Shantanu , Thirunavukarasu Yuvaraj
Published: October 2023

Congenital pharyngeal web is a rare anomaly almost always diagnosed in the paediatric population due to airway obstruction and feeding difficulties. The combination of congenital oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal web in an adult is extremely rare and has not commonly been published in the literature. We experienced a 47-year-old woman undiagnosed with pharyngeal web until difficult intubation upon surgery. A 47-year-old woman diagnosed with right ovarian complex cyst was scheduled for total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy. pharyngeal webs were incidentally found during intubation and necessitated a reschedule of surgery and tracheostomy. The patient had no history of dysphagia, weight loss or other symptoms of airway obstruction. Fibre optic laryngoscopic examination revealed a combination of congenital oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal webs. Patient denied previous history of caustic agent ingestion, oral airway surgeries, chemoradiation. After 2 days, awake tracheostomy with endoscopic guided coblator assisted excision of pharyngeal web was done first, followed by total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy in the same sitting. Coblation assisted excision of the pharyngeal web will allow the airway to be feasible for intubation in the future. Congenital pharyngeal webs are extremely rare findings, especially in adult patients. Prediction of difficult airways preoperatively is necessary to prevent difficult airway situations. Controlled ablation of the pharyngeal web gives a good outcome in terms of less post-operative pain and blood loss.
Pattern of pediatric dermatoses in a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Panchatsharam Adithyan , Sundaramurthy Revathy
Published: October 2023

Background: Several cross-sectional studies in the form of school surveys and studies on paediatric patients visiting dermatology OPD in tertiary care hospital has been conducted in the last three decades. This study was conducted to note the pattern of paediatric dermatoses and also to compare the difference in disease pattern with other studies conducted in southern India in last decade.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dermatology department of MVJ teaching hospital to determine the pattern of pediatric dermatoses from May 2021 to October 2021 after obtaining institutional ethics committee clearance. Cases under the age of 18 years were included in the study. Cases with age above 18 years, incomplete data, dermatoses where diagnosis was uncertain were excluded from the study. A total of 150 children were included in the study. The results were entered and tabulated in MS-excel sheet and descriptive analysis was done.
Results: 150 children were included in the study.36 types of dermatoses were noted overall. Eczematous diseases (32.7%) contributed to the maximum followed by infections and infestations (25.3%). The most frequent dermatoses found were Atopic dermatoses (10%), pityriasis alba (8.6%), scabies (8.6%), Acne vulgaris (8.6%). Eczematous diseases and hypersensitivity disorders were noted to have increased frequency when compared to other studies in last one decade
Conclusions: Rising trend in atopic dermatitis has been noted which might be due to changing environmental factors and also due to better recognition of condition by physicians in last one decade. With respect to spectrum of skin infections and infestations not much of difference is appreciated when compared to previous studies
Efficacy of super bioavailable itraconazole in the management of dermatophytosis in India
Authors: M. Ramesh , Hawelia Dinesh , Bharadwaj Gayatri , Dethe Gautam , Aich Biswajit , Veligandla Krishna C. , Rathod Rahul , Kotak Bhavesh P.
Published: October 2023

Itraconazole (ITZ) is a commonly prescribed oral antifungal agent in India and has a low minimum inhibitory concentration when compared to other oral antifungals. However, clinicians have reported inconsistent clinical responses despite its high skin levels, which may be due to variations in pelletization parameters, which affect its bioavailability and serum levels. Conventional ITZ has a maximum bioavailability of 55%; however, this is unpredictable and inconsistent. In contrast, the novel ITZ formulation, super bioavailable ITZ (ITZ-SB), has targeted drug release in the small intestine, resulting in predictable serum levels with minimal interindividual variability. This makes it a potentially useful drug in treating recalcitrant dermatophytosis. This expert opinion highlights the benefits of novel ITZ-SB with the incorporation of SUBA® technology. The SUBA® technology improves the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs by ‘solid dispersion’ in polymer to increase drug absorbency. This technology also has potential to reduce variability in absorption and adverse effects. Benefits of this technology include more predictable clinical response and lower drug quantities necessary to achieve therapeutic blood levels, making it a promising treatment option for recalcitrant dermatophytosis. Fixtral SB, which uses this technology, is a novel weapon in the arsenal of treatments for superficial mycoses.
SEXUALIDADE SOB CONTROLE: CRISTIANISMO E COLONIZAÇÃO
Authors: Schmitz Erik Dorff
Published: October 2023

Nessa pesquisa apresentaremos de que forma a sexualidade humana foi posta sob maior controle através da criação pelo cristianismo de dois dispositivos: o celibato compulsório e a perseguição às mulheres “bruxas”. Além disso queremos mostrar como o projeto colonizador da modernidade enxertou ideias, práticas e costumes distintos daqueles que os povos da América viviam. Buscaremos brevemente as bases históricas e teóricas para afirmar que a instituição cristã criou tais dispositivos para exercer um poder e um controle sobre corpos, mentes e regular a sexualidade dos indivíduos que estavam sob seu poder, e também em lugares e espaços afastados da instituição Católica. Da mesma forma o projeto colonizador da modernidade agrediu os costumes dos povos nativos da América, impondo uma moral e prática estranha a estes povos.
TRANSMISSÃO DE SABERES E PODER: LIDERANÇAS FEMININAS NO BUMBA MEU BOI DO MARANHÃO
Authors: Ferreira Heridan de Jesus Guterres Pavão , Ferreira Clayton Gabriel Pavão , Marinho Thais Alves
Published: October 2023

A colonização portuguesa deixou um legado bastante emblemático, responsável pela formação de uma cultura em que o gênero feminino passa a ser essencialmente considerado inferior, especialmente, em suas intersecções com classe, raça e sexualidade,  mas a forma como se processa essa lógica patriarcal é particular e contingente. Assim, trânsitos, fluxos, circularidades são produzidos a medida que as mulheres se organizam em redes cooperativas de ação política. Objetivou-se então, descrever o papel das lideranças femininas no contexto de uma das brincadeiras mais tradicionais do folclore popular brasileiro, o Bumba meu boi. Utilizou-se como metodologia a História de Vida, buscando-se compreender as estratégias utilizadas por algumas lideranças femininas do BMB, para garantir o poder de mando, dentro do grupo. Buscou-se então, o aporte teórico de autores como Rita Segato e Maria Lugónes para discorrer-se sobre as relações de poder e produção de hierarquias a partir da constituição do público e masculino como universal, e doméstico e feminino, como privado, a fim de se compreender que elementos compõem o BMB, em seus diferentes sotaques. Concluiu-se que mesmo não tendo o status de “Amo” do Bumba meu boi, estas são lideranças eficazes para a manutenção e continuidade da brincadeira.
INSTITUIÇÕES DE ASSISTÊNCIA E PROTEÇÃO À INFÂNCIA DESVALIDA NO BRASIL DOS SÉCULOS XIX E XX
Authors: Rezende Fernanda Soares , Da Silva Henrique Martins
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho, aloja-se no campo da História da Saúde e das Doenças e apresenta como recorte temático, as condições de assistência e proteção a infância brasileira nos séculos XIX e XX. Analisaremos como as referidas instituições prestaram amparo e proteção as crianças desvalidas no referido contexto. Trata-se de um estudo realizado por meio do levantamento documental e bibliográfico acerca do período e em consonância com a historiografia vigente.
TEOLOGIA COMO CRÍTICA POLÍTICA
Authors: Quadros Eduardo
Published: October 2023

A Guerra Fria trouxe impasses não somente no campo da política internacional, mas também atingiu os movimentos religiosos. Para percebemos esse processo de refração e recomposição da polarização global, analisamos nesse artigo a obra de um missionário belga que viveu predominantemente no Brasil, mas passou momentos e ministrou cursos em diversos países da América Latina: José Comblin. Seu livro Teologia da Revolução resume uma série de debates globais ocorridos tanto no mundo eclesiástico quanto nos combates geopolíticos da década de sessenta.
CATOLICISMO CONSERVADOR EN CHILE EN LOS AÑOS SESENTA
Authors: Stuven Andrea Botto
Published: October 2023

Este artículo analiza los discursos al interior de una parte del mundo católico chileno de los años 60, catalogado de conservador y/o tradicionalista. Este sector de católicos (no se trata de un grupo homogéneo) se sintió amenazado por los nuevos rumbos progresistas emprendidos por la Iglesia, fundamentalmente en el contexto del Concilio Vaticano II. Pero el conservadurismo católico no solo sintió cuestionados los fundamentos de la religiosidad frente a los embates de la secularización, sino también los valores de la sociedad occidental, debido a la inminente presencia del comunismo alentado por la expansión de la Revolución Cubana y, en el ámbito eclesial, por la difusión de la Teología de la Liberación. Se estudia a este pensamiento católico conservador a través de algunas de sus revistas, para comprender sus propuestas en un contexto de profundos cambios sociales y culturales, así como también en las relaciones entre religión y política. La pertinencia de escuchar a estas voces obedece a que han formado parte importante del debate al interior del catolicismo chileno y a que, a pesar de haber sido silenciadas en el contexto en estudio, continúan emergiendo e influyendo en el debate político, mostrando a su vez que el discurso religioso no ha sido del todo relegado al espacio privado.
CIDOC DE CUERNAVACA Y LA DEFENSA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Authors: Demers Maurice
Published: October 2023

Esse artigo estuda a luta pela defesa dos Direitos Humanos na Diocese de Cuarnavaca, México, em articulação com religiosos canadenses. Para isso, traçamos um histórico da incorporação dos Direitos Humanos na teología católica no contexto da Guerra Fria e buscamos perceber as articulações internacionais da instituição eclesiástica. De forma complementar, analizamos a difusão das ideias de Ivan Illich a partir de sua atuação no Centro Intercultural de Documentación, do México.
JOVENS CATÓLICOS CONTRA O “INIMIGO VERMELHO”
Authors: Jiménez Mario Virgilio Santiago
Published: October 2023

Este artigo estuda tres organizações surgidas no México de combate ao comunismo: a Vanguardia Integradora de la Nacionalidad (também chamada YUNQUE), a Frente Universitaria Anticomunista e o Movimiento Universitario de Renovadora Orientación. As fontes para analisá-las são diversas, desde períodicos comerciais à documentos privados, para entender a incorporação dos valores da Guerra Fria no campo religioso católico.
CULTURA ENQUANTO PODER
Authors: Paschoal Baldin Vitória
Published: October 2023

Lançado em 2021 pela Editora Routledge, Culture and Conflict in Palestine/Israel objetiva refletir sobre as relações entre cultura e poder a partir do estudo de diferentes objetos culturais produzidos em Palestina/Israel. Através de abordagens transdisciplinares, os treze autores elaboraram diferentes perspectivas para pensar como a produção e os produtos culturais palestino-israelenses constroem e incorporam relações de poder múltiplas. Apresenta-se uma resenha desta obra.
Cytogenetic analysis of fanconi anemia patients: An hospital based study
Authors: Polipalli Sunil Kumar , Jindal Ankur , Puppala Madhavi , Kapoor Seema
Published: October 2023

: Fanconi anemia is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes whose protein products are involved in replication, cell cycle control and DNA repair and is associated with a very high frequency of bone marrow failure and many other manifestations including, but not restricted to, severe birth defects.

The diagnosis of FA is confirmed by a specific test known as chromosomal breakage study, a differential technique in which clastogenic substances, such as DEB (diepoxy butane) or MMC (mitomycin C), lead to sections of the chromosome being deleted, added, or rearranged.

In this retrospective study, peripheral blood smears of patients with Aplastic Anemia were analyzed to diagnose Fanconi Anemia.

: A total of 135 cases of Aplastic anemia were analyzed and screened by chromosomal breakage analysis for ruling in/out Fanconi anemia.

: A total of 9 (6.66%) out of 135 patients showed a significant increase in the number of chromosomal breaks in comparison to their control. An analysis of the variable clinical manifestations was also done and correlated to the diagnosis of Fanconi Anemia.

: This study throws light on the importance of cytogenetic analysis as being the most classical test for FA which involves detection of chromosomal breakage or aberrations in metaphase spreads. This relatively inexpensive assay may be useful for screening patients for whom FA is in the differential diagnosis, such as those with radial ray anomalies, short stature, hypogonadism, or café au lait spots, or for population-based FA incidence studies.
Anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in THP-1 macrophages: promising in-vitro insights
Authors: Al Shuhoumi Mohammed Abdullah , Al Hinai Hamed Sulaiyam , Hooper Sam , Potter Steve , Alawi Sulaiman Amur Al , Anna Dorel
Published: October 2023

Uncontrolled inflammation is a one route to the pathogenesis and development of inflammatory diseases. The scientific literature has reported many evidences supporting the notion that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belonging to the family of n-3 including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have an anti-inflammatory function. Although much has been learned about EPA and DHA, so many questions remain unanswered, including the differential effects on health of DHA and EPA as well as the dose-response effect on clinical outcomes. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of the PUFAs; EPA and DHA in the inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages.

Cells were incubated for 24 and 48 hours with EPA and DHA. Cell viability test were used to determine the viability of cells during and after incubation. Doses concentrations of 0.09 and 0.45 mM for both EPA and DHA were utilized to study the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines that were measured by ELISA test. All data were presented as SEM and subjected to normality test by Anderson and Pearson tests and the statistical significance difference was determined via one-way ANOVA test.

Our study revealed interesting findings that are in a significant agreement to other studies in the literature. DHA illustrated a decrease on the levels of IL-6 in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells treated with 0.09 mM, and a greater reduction with 0.45 mM DHA concentration (P<0.001). Moreover, DHA in our study, achieved no statistically significant difference in TNF-alpha inflammatory cytokines compared to cells alone (P<0.001). On the other hand, LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, when subjected to EPA, it showed a significant decline in both IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the higher dose only and failed to express a statistically significant difference in 0.09 mM (P<0.001).

In conclusion, our data support the notion that PUFAs represented in EPA and DHA, are capable to reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines. DHA stands out as a more potent anti-inflammatory agent which is a suggestive for a valuable marker to fight chronic diseases. Both in-vivo animals and human trials are urgently demanded to validate our current data.
Role of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis & other respiratory diseases
Authors: Meshram Komal Waman , Tadas Arun Krishnarao , Agarwal Sanjay B , Lalla Poonam
Published: October 2023

: The WHO Tuberculosis (TB) statistics for India in 2021 gave an estimated incidence figure of 25,90,000 cases, i.e., about 40% of Indian population is infected with TB. There are different investigative methods available for TB diagnosis like ZN-staining of ., which lacks sensitivity & another method of Mycobacterial culture takes around 6-8 weeks to isolate . in culture which results in delayed diagnosis & treatment and meanwhile further progression of disease. Other sensitive methods like PCR & CBNAAT are costly & they require skilled personnel & lots of equipment. Therefore, there is a need of simple, cost-effective, rapid & reliable test which can be easily carried out in the clinical laboratories of resource limited countries. In some previous studies, the level of ADA in effusion fluids was used for the diagnosis of TB, but it is not always possible to access effusion fluid & it requires skilled personnel. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the usefulness of measuring the serum level of ADA as noninvasive biochemical marker in early diagnosis of TB.

The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 serum ADA samples. Patient samples were divided into four groups based on their diagnosis, i.e., 50 patients with pulmonary TB, 50 patients with extra-pulmonary TB, 50 patients with respiratory infections other than TB & 50 healthy people not having TB.

The ADA level for each group was presented as mean + SD & compared by applying post hoc Bonferroni test which showed that the pulmonary TB group was significantly different from the other 3 groups with p<0.001. According to ROC curve analysis, the best cutoff point was 21.8 IU/L at which sensitivity & specificity were 88% & 87% respectively.

Serum ADA activity with high sensitivity & specificity percentage can be used as a reliable marker in the diagnosis of TB & to differentiate TB from other respiratory illness.
The influence of artificial intelligence technologies in healthcare systems and rise in their applications
Authors: Sharma Anuwanshi , Pandey Mayank
Published: October 2023

Numerous industries, including healthcare, have seen an increase in the use of artificial intelligence (AI). All types, sizes, and specialties of healthcare companies arebecoming more interested in how artificial intelligence has evolved and is aiding with patient needs and care, reducing costs, and enhancing efficiency. This review includes various research studies that used AI models in several healthcare domains, including dermatology, radiology, medication design, etc. It also analyses the effects of AI on healthcare administration and the challenges of using AI in healthcare. Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently advanced quickly in hardware implementation, software algorithms, and applications across various industries. Including illness diagnosis, living aid, processing of biomedical information, and biomedical research. This study aims to maintain the pace of recent scientific advances, comprehend the state of technology, recognize AI's enormous potential in biomedicine, and inspire researchers in related disciplines.
A clandestine affair – A case report
Authors: Kumar R. Varun , Subhedar Abhijit
Published: October 2023

According to the witnesses, crime scene and inquest report, deceased is a 30 years old female, found dead lying on floor, in her apartment house along with a male, who was found hanging from a ceiling fan in the same room. The deceased body was brought to Mortuary, Osmania General Hospital at 04:00 PM on 28/01/2023 by the Investigation Officer and requested for postmortem examination under section 174 Criminal Procedure Code. The postmortem findings were an antemortem horizontally placed ligature mark at the level of thyroid cartilage in the front of neck, internally there was an inward fracture of tip of greater horn of hyoid bone on the right side with surrounding tissue contusion. There were some small crescent shaped abrasions noted on both sides of front of neck which were suggestive of nail marks. There was a contusion over the inner surface of the scalp. With meticulous crime scene investigation and post mortem examination and interpretation of the findings cause of death was given as “Ligature Strangulation”
Noticias del BID: Vol. 10, no. 1, marzo 1983
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: October 2023

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 9, no. 12, febrero 1983
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: October 2023

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 9, no. 11, enero 1983
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: October 2023

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Digitalización de las micro y pequeñas empresas y reducción de la desigualdad regional en México
Authors: Conde María Belén , Filippo Agustín , Guaipatín Carlos , Navarro Lucas
Published: October 2023

A partir de tabulados de los Censos Económicos de 2014 y 2019 de México, este trabajo analiza la desigualdad entre unidades económicas en el acceso a las TIC y su relación con características de las empresas relacionadas al mercado laboral. En primer lugar, el estudio encuentra una fuerte correlación positiva entre la adopción de TIC y el tamaño de las unidades económicas; más aún, si bien las diferencias sectoriales en adopción de TIC son pequeñas entre las empresas medianas y grandes, éstas son mucho más marcadas entre las unidades económicas de hasta diez empleados. En cuanto a la dimensión regional, existe una elevada desigualdad entre entidades federativas en la adopción de TIC que se relaciona con la mayor y creciente densidad de empresas medianas y grandes en los estados del norte, y de micro y pequeñas empresas (MyPE) en los estados del sur-sureste. Por último, y contrario a la evidencia para países desarrollados, tanto entre los sectores económicos como entre las entidades federativas los datos muestran una correlación positiva del acceso de empresas a las TIC con la productividad laboral, calidad del empleo, salarios y participación del trabajo en el valor agregado. Desde el punto de vista de la política pública, los resultados sugieren que reducir la brecha digital entre las empresas mexicanas con foco en las MyPE, no sólo tendría impactos positivos en productividad sino también en la reducción de las desigualdades en el mercado laboral.
Heat and High Water: Nine Pathways to Climate Resilient Development
Authors: Talbot-Wright Hipólito , Vogt-Schilb Adrien
Published: October 2023

Climate change has arrived, putting lives, ecosystems, and economies in jeopardy. "Heat and High Water" provides a much-needed primer on how countries can adapt to this harsh new reality. Written for a general audience in clear, non-technical language, the book examines climate threats and resilience strategies sector by sector, focusing on the specific challenges for Latin America and the Caribbean. How can dense population centers use wetlands and parks, as well as other elements of urban planning, to protect against floods and landslides? What can be done to ensure the health and wellbeing of vulnerable people during heatwaves and epidemics? Are there innovations in renewable energy, food security, energy, transport, and fiscal and financial policy particularly suited to the new circumstances of the region and others likely to fail? The book engages these questions and many more with a deep analysis based on three core principles: the need for flexible solutions amid the uncertainty of climate change; the interdependence of sectors across social and economic life; and the need to reform governance to ensure coordinated, inclusive adaptation that emphasizes local communities and stakeholders. By breaking down the complex topic of climate adaptation into digestible chapters, "Heat and High Water" offers tools for citizens, policymakers, and business leaders to build thriving, resilient societies amid climate disruptions while elucidating lessons valuable to a global audience.
Retinal pigment epithelium–Bruch’s membrane volume in grading of age-related macular degeneration
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro 70185, Sweden; Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology, Helsinki University, Helsinki 00014, Finland, Kananen Fabian
Published: October 2023

AIM: To assess the agreement of optical coherence tomography (OCT) algorithm-based retinal pigment epithelium –Bruch’s membrane complex volume (RBV) with fundus photograph-based age-related macular degeneration (AMD) grading.
METHODS: Digital color fundus photographs (CFPs) and spectral domain OCT images were acquired from 96 elderly subjects. CFPs were graded according to Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) classification. OCT image segmentation and RBV data calculation were done with OrionTM software. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to find out whether AMD lesion features associated with higher RBVs.
RESULTS: RBV correlated with AMD grading (rs=0.338, P=0.001), the correlation was slightly stronger in early AMD (n=52; rs=0.432, P=0.001). RBV was higher in subjects with early AMD compared with those with no AMD lesions evident in fundus photographs (1.05±0.20 vs 0.96±0.13 mm3, P=0.023). In multivariate analysis higher RBVs were associated significantly with higher total drusen (β=0.388, P=0.027) and pigmentation areas (β=0.319, P=0.020) in fundus photographs, whereas depigmentation area (β=-0.295, P=0.015) associated with lower RBV.
CONCLUSION: RBV correlate with AMD grading status, with a stronger association in patients with moderate, non-late AMD grades. This effect is driven mostly by lesions with drusen or pigmentation. Lesions with depigmentation tend to have lower values. RBV is more comprehensive measurement of the key area of AMD pathogenesis, compared to sole drusen volume analysis. RBV measurements are independent on grader variations and offer a possibility to quantify early and middle grade AMD lesions in a research setting, but may not substitute fundus photograph-based grading in the whole range of AMD spectrum.
Research progress on animal models of corneal epithelial-stromal injury
Authors:   Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China, Liu Li-Rui , Sheng Si-Ting ,   Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China, Xu Jing-Wei ,   Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China, Xu Wen ,   Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
Published: October 2023

A corneal epithelial-stromal defect is recognized as a major contributor to corneal scarring. Given the rising prevalence of blindness caused by corneal scarring, increasing attention has been focused on corneal epithelial-stromal defects. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of these defects remain inadequately understood, necessitating further investigation through experimental research. Various modeling methods exist both domestically and internationally, each with distinct adaptive conditions, advantages, and disadvantages. This review primarily aims to summarize the techniques used to establish optimal animal models of corneal epithelial-stromal injury, including mechanical modeling, chemical alkali burns, post-refractive surgery infections, and genetic engineering. The intention is to provide valuable insights for studying the mechanisms underlying corneal epithelial-stromal injury and the development of corresponding therapeutic interventions.
Therapeutic potential of iron chelators in retinal vascular diseases
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the People’s Hospital of Jianyang, Chengdu 641400, Sichuan Province, China, Li Yan , Luo Ting ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the People’s Hospital of Jianyang, Chengdu 641400, Sichuan Province, China, Lyu Hong-Bin ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
Published: October 2023

Iron is one of the necessary metal elements in the human body. There are numerous factors that control the balance of iron metabolism, and its storage and transportation mechanisms are intricate. As one of the most energy-intensive tissues in the body, the retina is susceptible to iron imbalance. The occurrence of iron overload in the retina leads to the generation of a significant quantity of reactive oxygen species. This will aggravate local oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions and even lead to ferroptosis, eventually resulting in retinal dysfunction. The blood-retina-retinal barrier is eventually harmed by oxidative stress and elevated inflammation, which are characteristics of retinal vascular disorders. The pathophysiology of retinal vascular disorders may be significantly influenced by iron. Recently, iron-chelating agents have been found to have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions in addition to iron chelating. Therefore, iron neutralization is considered to be a new and potentially useful therapeutic strategy. This article reviews the iron overload in retinal vascular diseases and discusses the therapeutic potential of iron-chelating agents.
Contribution à l’Étude Hydro-Climatique, Morphométrique et Hydrographique du Bassin Versant de la N’djili (Sud-Ouest/R.D. Congo)
Authors: MUFUNGIZI Innocent , LOOLA Ruben , BONGELI Roda , KABULO Jean , DIAKONDUA Ridi , KAWAYA Hubert
Published: October 2023

Les bassins versants présentent un grand potentiel. Les rivières qui en découlent sont captées pour la production de l’énergie hydroélectrique mais aussi pour le traitement de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine. Dans l’objectif de faire un apport à l’étude du bassin versant de la N’djili, nous avons calculé les paramètres hydro-climatiques (pluviométrie moyenne, température moyenne, évapotranspiration, la recharge et l’humidité relative), les paramètres morphométriques (superficie et périmètre, indice de compacité de Gravelius, indice de circularité, altitude moyenne, rectangle équivalent, indice de pente et dénivelée spécifique) et nous avons fini par le contexte hydrographique où nous avons classifié le réseau hydrographique tout en calculant la densité de drainage, la densité hydrographique, le temps de concentration, la vitesse d’écoulement et l’indice d’humidité topographique.
未使用的蔬菜部分可以避免营养不良：生产、可接受性和营养分析
Authors: Das Manika , Roy Banhishikha
Published: October 2023

在许多发展中国家，由于社会经济地位较低者的食品价格昂贵，营养缺乏是一个严重的公共卫生问题。据报道，每年有13亿吨食物从生产阶段开始，一直到消费阶段都被损失或浪费掉。然而，在全球范围内，与营养不良相关的问题夺去了75%青少年的生命。在包括印度在内的亚洲，花椰菜、芜菁、萝卜和豌豆经常被大量消费和种植。然而，这些蔬菜的叶子和豆荚通常被丢弃。它们含有大量的宏量营养素、维生素、矿物质和富含抗氧化剂的酚类化学物质。在这项研究中，通常被丢弃在垃圾桶中的无用蔬菜部分—主要是叶子和豆荚—被重新用于生产一种产品，帮助社会经济地位低下的人群克服营养不良问题。利用闲置的萝卜、萝卜、豌豆和花椰菜叶制作了许多品种的产品。其中，钙、铁、维生素A、维生素C、酚和抗氧化剂含量高的产品接受度最高。因此可以说，利用废弃蔬菜部分（叶子和豆荚）制作的产品营养丰富、价格适中，能够解决营养不足的问题。
Comprehensive approach to treatment of tinnitus in patients of older age group
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443096, Russia, Vladimirova T. Yu. , Aizenshtadt L. V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443096, Russia, Shelykhmanova M. V. ,   Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443096, Russia
Published: October 2023

To date, the problem of treating elderly patients with subjective tinnitus is gaining momentum, and there is no single universal approach to its solution. A personalized approach to the patient, including an assessment of the state of tone of the autonomic nervous system, can help identify and correct sympathicotonia in patients as one of the causes of tinnitus. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of auricular percutaneous electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve for the treatment of tinnitus in patients of older age groups with sympathicotonia. The study involved 55 people (aged 60 to 85 years), of which 25 patients underwent physiotherapy in combination with drug therapy (main group), and 30 patients, exclusively drug treatment (control group). The assessment of the strength of subjective ear noise, the tone of the autonomic nervous system, the results of the THI (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory) questionnaire, the qualitative characteristics of hearing according to the Russian version of the ESIT-SQ (European School for Interdisciplinary Tinnitus Research Screening Questionnaire) in the study groups showed that patients of the main group were 60% more likely to have a positive effect of treatment according to the studied indicators.
Znaczenie działalności eksportowej dla przedsiębiorstw z województwa łódzkiego – wyniki badania ankietowego
Authors: Kłysik-Uryszek Agnieszka , Serwach Tomasz
Published: October 2023

Artykuł opisuje problem efektów uczenia się przez eksport (LBE). Pierwsza część tekstu skupia się na przedstawieniu zagadnienia w teorii. Z kolei druga część ujmuje je w odniesieniu do przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych z województwa łódzkiego. Wspierano się wynikami badania ankietowego przeprowadzonego wśród firm z regionu. Wyniki badań wskazują, iż uczenie się nie jest priorytetem eksporterów, jednak istnieją przesłanki, iż efekty LBE mogą objawiać się w dłuższym okresie.