bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field controlled behavior of magnetic gels studied using particle-based simulations
Authors: Weeber Rudolf , Kreissl Patrick , Holm Christian
Published: July 2021

This contribution provides an overview of the study of soft magnetic materials using particle-based simulation models. We focus in particular on systems where thermal fluctuations are important. As a basis for further discussion, we first describe two-dimensional models which demonstrate two deformation mechanisms of magnetic gels in a homogeneous field. One is based on the change of magnetic interactions between magnetic particles as a response to an external field; the other is the result of magnetically blocked particles acting as cross-linkers. Based on the qualitative behavior directly observable in the two-dimensional models, we extend our description to three-dimensions. We begin with particle-cross-linked gels, as for those, our three-dimensional model also includes explicitly resolved polymer chains. Here, the polymer chains are represented by entropic springs, and the deformation of the gel is the result of the interaction between magnetic particles. We use this model to examine the influence of the magnetic spatial configuration of magnetic particles (uniaxial or isotropic) on the gel’s magnetomechanical behavior. A further part of the article will be dedicated to scale-bridging approaches such as systematic coarse-graining and models located at the boundary between particle-based and continuum modeling. We will conclude our article with a discussion of recent results for modeling time-dependent phenomena in magnetic-polymer composites. The discussion will be focused on a simulation model suitable for obtaining AC-susceptibility spectra for dilute ferrofluids including hydrodynamic interactions. This model will be the basis for studying the signature of particle–polymer coupling in magnetic hybrid materials. In the long run, we aim to compare material properties probed locally via the AC-susceptibility spectra to elastic moduli obtained for the system at a global level.
Linear, spatio-temporally resolved ultrasound measurement of the liquid fraction distribution in froth
Authors: Emmerich Hannes , Schaller Ludwig , Nauber Richard , Knüpfer Leon , Heitkam Sascha , Czarske Jürgen , Büttner Lars
Published: July 2021

Froth flotation is an important process for separating metal particles from gangue. A single flotation circuit for copper uses approx. 44 billion litres water a year. In situ process monitoring of the foam’s parameters and closed-loop control can reduce the resource use. However, no measurement technique is broadly employed that yields the liquid fraction distribution in the froth. Optical measurements are prevented by the bulk foam’s opacity. Though, ultrasound in the low frequency range is able to penetrate froth.

In this paper we investigate the application of ultrasound to measure the local liquid content of aqueous foam in the axis of the ultrasound beam. Assuming a dependency of the backscattering coefficient b on the foam’s liquid fraction ϕ, we developed a model to calculate b from the echo signal. Local backscattering coefficients

b

n

{b_{n}}

can be determined for time gated windows and show a trend in the dependency on the foam’s liquid fraction ϕ (for

ϕ
<
0.8

\phi <0.8

 %). The absolute uncertainty of the liquid fraction determined by means of an electrical reference measurement is

σ

ϕ

=
0.079

{\sigma _{\phi }}=0.079

 %.

We demonstrated the capability of spatio-temporally resolved measurements with a frame rate of 0.33 Hz and an axial resolution of 7.9 mm in an experiment with a time-varying, inhomogeneous liquid fraction. This research work is contributing to a determination of in situ information of the foam’s parameter in a flotation process.
Immature platelet fraction: is a novel early predictive marker for disease severity in patients with Covid-19 pneumonia?
Authors: Incir Said , Komesli Zeynep , Baygul Arzu , Tasdemir Zeynep Atam , Palaoglu Kerim Erhan , Kant Hatice , Kapmaz Mahir , Tekin Suda , Kilic Alparslan , Dagel Tuncay , Okan Ayse , Somay Kayra , Akpinar Timur Selcuk
Published: July 2021

Objectives

In many diseases, immature platelet fraction (IPF%) is related to coagulopathy and poor outcome. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of IPF% for the severity of pneumonia in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

A total of 154 patients with COVID‐19 infections were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of pneumonia (severe and non-severe) regarding their oxygen demand.

Results

Given laboratory parameters, the median IPF% was significantly higher in the severe group (11.9 vs. 3.9%, p<0.001). Mean platelet volume (p<0.001), platelet-large cell ratio (p=0.001), platelet distribution width (p=0.001), D-Dimer (p<0.001), INR (p=0.003), and aPTT (p=0.007) were also found to be significantly higher in the severe group. Moreover, IPF (p=0.014, Odds ratio = 2.000, 95%CI: 1.149-3.482) was an independent predictor for the severity. The curve value from receiver operating characteristics was 0.879 (p<0.001, 95%CI: 0.784-0.943) for determining the severity of pneumonia. IPF% had a sensitivity and specificity value of 69.5 and 92.4% to detect the disease’s severity.

Conclusions

IPF% is an independent predictor for the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. Assessment of IPF% may both help to early determine high-risk patients with COVID-19 and to alert the physicians.
Bovine endometrial cells do not mount an inflammatory response to Leptospira
Authors: Molinari Paula C C , Nally Jarlath E , Bromfield John J
Published: July 2021

Leptospirosis causes abortion, premature birth, and stillbirth in cattle, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Infected cattle shed Leptospira intermittently and present a range of clinical symptoms, making diagnosis difficult. The primary route of Leptospira transmission in any animal is the colonization of the renal tubule and excretion by urine; however, Leptospira can also colonize the female reproductive tract of cows and can be transmitted by semen. Vaccination against Leptospira in the US is routine in cattle, but immunity is not guaranteed. The cell wall of Leptospira contains toll-like receptor agonists including peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide. The capacity of Leptospira to initiate an innate inflammatory response from uterine endometrial cells is unknown but may be a cause of reproductive failure. Using cell culture, we tested the capacity of bovine endometrial epithelial cells or human monocytes to elicit an inflammatory response to Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strain TC273. Cells were exposed to either heat-killed Leptospira, Leptospira outer membrane, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, Pam3CSK4 or medium alone for 2 to 24 h. Exposure of bovine endometrial epithelial cells or human monocytes to heat-killed Leptospira or Leptospira outer membrane did not induce the expression of IL1A, IL1B, IL6, or CXCL8, while exposure to E. coli lipopolysaccharide or Pam3CSK4 increased the expression of IL1A, IL1B, IL6, and CXCL8 compared to control cells. This data suggest that Leptospira does not trigger a classical inflammatory response in endometrial cells. Understanding the interaction between Leptospira and the female reproductive tract is important in determining the mechanisms of Leptospirosis associated with reproductive failure.

Lay summary

Cows infected with the Leptospira have abortion and stillbirth. It is not known how Leptospira causes pregnancy failure in the cow. We tested if Leptospira causes inflammation in cells of the uterus which triggers pregnancy failure. We collected cells from the uterus of healthy cows at the abattoir and placed them into culture with Leptospira and measured the expression of genes associated with inflammation. To our surprise, cells of the uterus did not respond to Leptospira; however, the same cells did respond to other disease-causing bacteria found in the uterus. This suggests that cells of the uterus can recognize bacteria and produce an inflammatory reaction but not in response to Leptospira. This finding suggests the immune system of the uterus cannot detect Leptospira which may go on to cause reproductive failure in cows. Understanding how Leptospira interact with cells of the uterus will help reduce pregnancy failure of cows with leptospirosis.
Biopolítica e ideología racista en Bolivia
Authors: Choque Aliaga Osman Daniel
Published: July 2021

El concepto de biopolítica se sitúa indudablemente en las reflexiones contemporáneas y encuentra en Michel Foucault a uno de sus notables representantes en el desarrollo teórico. En ese sentido, las recientes investigaciones, alejándose incluso de las ideas planteadas por Foucault, dieron paso a valiosas consideraciones, como son los casos de Esposito, Agamben y Lemke. Evidentemente, el racismo cobra importancia por la magnitud y, sobre todo, por la actualidad que franquean los límites en la compleja realidad boliviana. La relación entre el racismo y la biopolítica converge en una acalorada interpretación tanto filosófica como política. Principalmente, en las reflexiones del racismo en Bolivia, la biopolítica puede establecer y conectar puntos que no se han tomado hasta ahora en cuenta en lo que se denomina como ideología racista.
La discusión filosófica de la contestación de fray José Jimeno, del Colegio de Crucíferos de Querétaro, al manifiesto del señor Hidalgo
Authors: Granados Valdez Juan
Published: July 2021

Lo vivido en Querétaro durante la Independencia rebasa la leyenda de la conjura y su descubrimiento. La división entre los que estaban a favor del movimiento insurgente y los que estaban en contra marca a la sociedad queretana, aunque predomine la postura realista. Fr. José Jimeno, lector y guardián del Colegio Apostólico de la Santa Cruz en dos periodos, estuvo a favor de la causa contrainsurgente. Sin embargo, la preferencia histórica por Hidalgo ha hecho perder de vista el valor de los argumentos filosófico-teológicos del fraile franciscano contra las Proclamas del padre de Patria. Lo que se propone, muy modestamente, en este trabajo es un acercamiento a la Contestación de Fray José Jimeno, del Colegio de crucíferos de Querétaro, al manifiesto del señor Hidalgo como un evento ocurrido en la Ciudad de Querétaro durante el proceso insurgente de Independencia de México, ya que los estudios sobre la propaganda contrainsurgente, en su forma discursiva, desatiende la peculiaridad argumentativa, filosófico-teológica, de la Contestación de Fr. José Jimeno y la enmarca en un conjunto homogéneo de injurias contra Hidalgo y el movimiento independentista. Se hace notar, al final, que la crítica del fraile franciscano a Hidalgo se parece a lo señalado por Derrida respecto la Declaración de Independencia norteamericana.
La fuerza constructiva y redentora de la rememoración en Walter Benjamin: a propósito de las memorias sobre la violencia en Colombia
Authors: Díaz Quintero Juliana Paola
Published: July 2021

Este artículo propone elucidar el concepto de rememoración (Eingedenkenken) a la luz de las tesis sobre el concepto de historia Über den Begriff der Geschichte (1940), que desde la perspectiva judaica benjaminiana confiere una cualidad redentora al sufrimiento de las víctimas. Rememorar implica en Benjamin una visión mesiánica de la política y de la historia, es decir, una herramienta de lucha contra la violencia del olvido y a su vez un referente ético en la exigencia de reparación y justicia. A partir de una lectura en contexto de las tesis pensamos en las implicaciones e impactos socio-políticos del ejercicio de la memoria en la realidad Colombiana, los aportes en la construcción de un discurso colectivo sobre la verdad de la violencia y los desafíos que implica el reconocimiento de las voces de las víctimas en la construcción de democracias sólidas y en el establecimiento de pautas para la no repetición.
El bastón, la consonante y la mentalidad técnica moderna
Authors: Osorio-García Sergio Néstor , Ballabio Alessandro
Published: July 2021

Este artículo presenta la técnica y la tecnología como fenómenos relacionado con el evento del lenguaje humano y con la visión moderna del mundo. Con el lenguaje alfabético y con la invención de la consonante, el ser humano pasa de la sabiduría práctica del nombre al conocimiento abstracto del concepto. Los analfabetos distinguen las cosas concretas por su nombre, pero los alfabetizados las conocen mediante las categorías abstractas a las cuales pertenecen. En la época moderna, el ser humano separa el aspecto cuantitativo u objetivo del cualitativo o subjetivo de la realidad y la describe mediante fórmulas, a la vez que la reduce a un depósito de energía matemáticamente cuantificable, para luego extraerla, medirla y aplicarla para transformar su entorno y a sí mismo. La mentalidad técnica moderna en su expresión más extrema no representa únicamente una situación de peligro, sino también una oportunidad de progreso integralmente humano. Finalmente, se trata de pensar la sinergia entre el objeto técnico, su entorno y el ser humano, y también la sinergia entre todas las técnicas.
El concepto de igualdad de oportunidades, análisis de sus perspectivas
Authors: Castañeda López Tatiana
Published: July 2021

El artículo analiza teorías que han estudiado el concepto de la igualdad de oportunidades o que han examinado la desigualdad en la escuela. Se recorre la fuente propuesta por la sociología de la educación francesa representada en Pierre Bourdieu, Jean Claude Passeron, Raymond Boudon y François Dubet. Se estudian algunas ideas alrededor del acceso a la educación superior y cómo estas propuestas determinan su análisis. Bourdieu y Passeron estudian la democratización de la educación y como está relacionado el origen social con el nivel escolar discuten porque la escuela en lugar de disipar las desigualdades las acrecienta. Por su parte Boudon describe desde una perspectiva más liberal la relación entre la educación y el papel del individuo y sus decisiones, esta teoría evidenciara con nutridas estadísticas el individualismo metodológico que investiga como las decisiones familiares y personales determinar la movilidad social. Y finalmente Dubet pertenece a otra generación que explícitamente analizará la igualdad de oportunidades en oposición a la igualdad de posiciones, examina como las sociedades fabrican a través de políticas neoliberales más exclusión a través de los títulos académicos y su incidencia en las sociedades. Estas teorías sirven para construir una conceptualización de la igualdad de oportunidades y cómo inciden en las políticas públicas en educación superior y que repercusión tiene en la realidad de jóvenes que desean oportunidades educativas.
Wood-bamboo particleboard: Mechanical properties
Authors: De Almeida Aliane C. , De Araujo Victor A. , Morales Elen A. M. , Gava Maristela , Munis Rafaele A. , Garcia José N. , Cortez-Barbosa Juliana
Published: July 2021

Mechanical characteristics were evaluated of wood-bamboo-based particleboard having the proportions of 100% wood and 0% bamboo, 75% wood and 25% bamboo, and 50% wood and 50% bamboo. This particleboard used Eucalyptus urophylla × grandis wood, Dendrocalamus asper bamboo, and castor oil-based polyurethane resin. Through destructive testing, the values of perpendicular tensile, static bending, modulus of elasticity, and screw pullout strength in the top and face surfaces were analyzed. For 0%, 25%, and 50% bamboo the values were 1.68 MPa, 1.37 MPa, and 1.4 MPa, respectively, for perpendicular tensile; 15.2 MPa, 17.6 MPa, and 18.5 MPa, respectively, for static bending; 2466 MPa, 2694 MPa, and 2922 MPa, respectively, for modulus of elasticity; 1256 MPa, 1922 MPa, and 1362 MPa, respectively, for screw pullout strength in top; and 1392 MPa, 1342 MPa, and 1414 MPa, respectively, for screw pullout strength in face. These results were superior to those presented by ABNT NBR 14810 (2013) and ANSI 208.1 (1999). After performing a Tukey test at 5%, the values for each treatment did not show a significant difference among them.
Ethanol decomposition in supercritical water: An operating parametric experimental and kinetic study
Authors: Zhao Liang , Yang Yuhang , Zhou Hongfang , Que Zhengle , Pan Yadi
Published: July 2021

Ethanol is an intermediate of the supercritical water decomposition of lignocellulosic biomass or biomass-derived compounds. In this study, experiments on ethanol decomposition in supercritical water were performed at different reaction temperatures (500 °C to 600 °C), residence times (6 s to 12 s), and initial ethanol concentrations (0.05 mol·L-1 to 0.20 mol·L-1). Temperature had larger impacts on the ethanol conversion than the other factors. Higher temperatures and feedstock concentrations facilitated gas production. In addition, the higher temperature promoted the scissions of C-C and C-O bonds of ethanol. However, longer residence times did not improve the yields of H2, CO, and C2. Because the H2-to-CO2 ratio was much greater than 1, the water-gas shift reaction was not the dominant route during the ethanol conversion process. Further, the mechanism and kinetic model of ethanol supercritical water decomposition were proposed. The kinetics revealed that ethanol gasification in supercritical water was mainly dominated by ethanol dehydrogenation, the hydrogenation of intermediates, and the coke formations of CO and CH4. In addition, H2 was mainly formed via ethanol dehydrogenation and consumed via the hydrogenation of intermediates. The rate of coke formation was relatively low during ethanol decomposition.
Profiling of aroma compounds released from cooking Dendrocalamus latiflorus shoots
Authors: Chung Minjay , Cheng Sensung , Lin Chunya , Chang Shangtzen
Published: July 2021

Volatile aroma compounds in Dendrocalamus latiflorus shoots were extracted using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and then heated at various temperatures and for various durations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses showed that frozen D. latiflorus shoots at ambient temperature contain 18 volatile aroma compounds, with limonene and 2-pentyl furan being the major components. Limonene has the fragrance of lemon and citrus fruits, while 2-pentyl furan gives off the scent of flowers and fruits. Additionally, heating temperature had a significant influence on the volatile aroma compounds. Some, including limonene, 2-pentyl furan and n-hexanal, showed marked decrement in content and vaporized almost completely at 100 C, while others, including n-heneicosane and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, showed pronounced increase in relative contents. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between n-heneicosane content and heating duration but a negative relationship between 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde content and heating duration, revealing substantial effects of heating duration on the volatile aroma compounds of D. latiflorus shoots.
A talajok aggregátum-stabilitásának vizsgálati lehetőségei I. Makroaggregátum-stabilitás
Authors: Viktória Labancz , Gyöngyi Barna , Tamás Szegi , András Makó
Published: July 2021

A makroaggregátumok stabilitásának meghatározására számos mérési módszer és értékelési lehetőség létezik. Ezek önállóan eredményesen alkalmazhatók az aggregátumok stabilitásának vizsgálatára (valamilyen romboló hatást megpróbálnak szimulálni, valamilyen körülményt megpróbálnak standardizálni stb.), ám ezek a módszerek egymással nehezen összevethetők. Az évek során jogosan merült fel a szabványosítás igénye, ám a kialakult nemzetközi szabvány módszertana igen bonyolult, éppen ezért csak kevesen kívánják azt alkalmazni. Hasonló a helyzet a különféle stabilitási mutatók esetében is: sokféle mutató használatos, ezek különkülön jól jellemezhetik a talajok aggregátum-stabilitását, de a mutatók párhuzamos használata több esetben eltérő stabilitási sorrendet eredményez a különféle talajoknál. Megfelelő megoldás lehetne, ha definiálni tudnánk, hogy mely módszer és mely mutató pontosan mit is fejez ki és mikor, milyen probléma vizsgálatakor, mely mutatót és mely módszert kívánatos alkalmazni. Kutatásainkat a továbbiakban ilyen irányban is folytatni kívánjuk.

There are several measurement and evaluation methods for determining the stability of macro-aggregates. These can be used effectively independently to test the stability of aggregates (attempting to simulate some destructive effect, attempting to standardise some condition, etc.), but they are difficult to compare to each other. Over the years, the need for standardization has rightly arisen, but the standard method developed is very complicated, which is why few people want to apply it.

Similarly, many different indicators are used, each of which can give a good characterisation of the aggregate stability of soils, but the parallel use of indicators often results in different stability rankings for different soils. An appropriate solution should be defined which method and which indicator expresses what exactly and when, and which indicator and which method should be used for which problem. We intend to continue our research in this direction.

In this manuscript we summarized the main macro-aggregate stability measurements and indices, reviewed the international and Hungarian scientific literature.
Aspetti semioforici della Bibliotheca Sartoriana
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polonia, Jeż Tomasz
Published: July 2021

The Wrocław patrician Thomas Rehdiger (1540-1576), during his Wanderjahre, amassed a rich collection of books, manuscripts, coins, precious stones, and works of art. In his will, he bequeathed this collection—gathered mainly during his stays in Padua, Bologna, and Venice—to his hometown, thus giving rise to the first public library in the Wrocław metropolis. In 1589, the Bibliotheca Rhedigeriana was established in the Auditorium Theologicum of St. Elizabeth’s Church. In his youth, Rehdiger was educated in the school operating at the church; almost 100 years later, the school’s teacher, Daniel Sartorius (1612-1671), gathered a large collection of music prints, which were published in that period in Venetian publishing houses. This unique collection, stored together along with the Rhedigeriana Library, was later merged with the library’s content. What was the significance of this collection in the culture of 17th-century Wrocław? This collection, undoubtedly, was assembled based upon inspiration from the Humanistic period, which had been promoted in that Elizabethan school at least as of the times of Laurentius Corvinus. It was supposed to serve the teaching at the Elisabethanum and shape the artistic tastes of its students, who performed state-of-the-art Italian music during school activities or afternoon recess. Attempts were made to introduce the carefully collected repertoire into the liturgical practice of a nearby church, using the technique of contrafactum that was popular at the time. The Sartorian Library’s semiophoric function, however, was to define a new form of cultural memory for the Wrocław elites and to outline the original profile of their identity, which was oriented by the same ideals that guided the composers of the Italian Seicento.
Verona dei viaggiatori polacchi (XVII–XIX secolo)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Polonia, Wrześniak Małgorzata
Published: July 2021

The study presents the first analysis of the descriptions of Verona and the works of art collected in the city in the accounts of Polish travellers from the 17th to 19th centuries. As the researched source material shows, initially Poles visited the city only while passing through, on their way to Venice, stopping for a moment to see the only object “worth seeing”: the 1st-century Roman amphitheatre located in the city centre. At that time, the descriptions of the city are laconic, as Verona was considered “secondary” in Italy. Only in the era of the Grand Tour, and especially in the second half of the 18th century, did Polish travellers intentionally visit Verona. They employed an experienced tour guide from the Bevilacqua family (recommended to their countrymen by Ignacy Potocki). They used specialised literature (Torello Saraina’s Dell’origine et ampiezza della città di Verona, Verona 1586; Scipione Maffei’s Verona illustrata e Museum veronense hoc est antiquarum inscriptionum atque anaglyphorum collectio, Verona 1749; and Giovanni Battista Da Persico’s Descrizione di Verona e della sua provincia, Verona 1820), the purchase of which became one of the goals of a visit to Verona. In the 18th century, the sightseeing route (reconstructed based on the accounts of Katarzyna Plater) included ancient architecture (Roman amphitheatre; Borsari Gate; Vitruvius Arch; Gavi Arch), museum collections (ancient art by Scipione Maffei; collections of paintings and sculptures of the Bevilacqua family; and Francesco Calzolar’s Theatrum naturae, where the most admired objects were fossils from Monte Bolca), the modern architecture of Michele Sanmicheli (Palio Gate and Cappella Pellegrini), and Venetian paintings (Tintoretto and Veronese). Only in the 19th century did the church of San Zeno appear among Verona’s must-see sites, described in detail as an excellent and rare example of Romanesque architecture; the house and tomb of Juliet was also included, though its state of preservation was completely inadequate to the image of Shakespeare’s drama and it tended to disappoint travellers.
The Temporal Dimension of «Work on Myth»: Deferred Responsibility
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of Nation Economy and Public Administration, Lipetsk Branch, Ivanov A. G.
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the features of «work on myth» (a term proposed by H. Blumenberg) unfolding in time. The article demonstrates cases from the practice of political relations, when the subject of international law is held responsible for events after a long period of time. It is noted that specific temporal characteristics that extend to causal connections are presented as derivatives in the mode of «work on myth». It is concluded that the phenomenon of so-called deferred responsibility is an additional tool for manipulative influence on the mass consciousness.
Historical Responsibility, Law and Practices of Networked Media Communications
Authors:   Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, Loiko L. E.
Published: July 2021

The problem of connection between social phenomena of historical responsibility, law and network media communications in the context of the growing intensity of the use of fake technologies is investigated. The scientific direction of convergence of information and legal technologies in the field of historical memory is determined. The example of the Republic of Belarus shows how the tasks of preserving the common history of Belarus and Russia are being solved.
«Memory Wars»: between Metaphor and Concept
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Golovashina O. V.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the semantic field of "memory wars", identification of prerequisites and models of conceptualization of this concept, substantiation of the possibility of using the metaphor "memorial wars" as a concept. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research involves reference to the works of M. Foucault, R. Kozellek, M. Halbwachs, as well as to cognitive theories of metaphors (D. Lakoff, M. Johnson, A. P. Chudinov). Analysis of existing models for studying the history of concepts, analysis of specific social and discursive factors allowed us to trace the conceptualization of "memory wars" and to state the appearance of the corresponding scientific category, but additional theoretical work is needed to distinguish related concepts, as well as a clearer distinction between the metaphor "memory wars" and the corresponding scientific category.
Comparative Study of Radiative Heating Techniques for Fast Processing of Functional Coatings for Sustainable Energy Applications
Authors: Griffin Rebecca , Hooper Katherine , Charbonneau Cecile , Baker Jenny
Published: July 2021

This study assesses the use of short wavelength radiative heating techniques such as near infrared (NIR), intense pulsed light (IPL) and ultraviolet (UV) heating for processing coatings in energy applications. It concentrates on the importance of investigating different radiative wavelengths to advance these technologies as scalable processes via reduced heating times. It illustrates the mechanisms by which these techniques can transform thin film materials: sintering, binder removal, drying and chemical reactions. It focuses on successful research applications and the methods used to apply these radiative mechanisms in solar energy, battery storage and fuel cells, while considering the materials suitable for such intentions. The purpose of this paper is to highlight to academics as well as industrialists some of the potential advantages and applications of radiative heating technologies.
Civil engineers need to act now on the wider lessons from the Grenfell tower fire tragedy
Authors: Carpenter John
Published: July 2021

The ongoing inquiry into the 2017 Grenfell tower fire in London has exposed major shortcomings in the UK construction industry. John Carpenter, former secretary of the Standing Committee on Structural Safety, says civil engineers need to start putting these lessons into practice now.
UK Environment Agency becomes first major civil engineering client to commit to net zero
Authors: Hodge Ian
Published: July 2021

The UK government’s Environment Agency has become one of the first major civil engineering clients to commit to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Ian Hodge, director of asset management and engineering, says it will require close collaboration with the supply chain.
High-yield hydrogen from thermal processing of waste plastics
Authors: Aminu Idris , Nahil Mohamad A. , Williams Paul T.
Published: July 2021

The production of hydrogen (H2) from the pyrolysis–catalytic steam reforming of polyethylene, polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate waste plastics was investigated using a two-stage reactor. The highest yield of hydrogen (125 mmol/gplastic) was obtained with PS at a catalyst temperature of 900°C and steam input weight hourly space velocity of 7.59 g/(h/gcatalyst) with a 10 wt% nickel/aluminium oxide (Ni/Al2O3) catalyst. Further investigation using PS showed that the process parameters of high catalyst temperature (900°C) and optimised steam input rate significantly increased the yield of hydrogen. Examination of several different catalysts (nickel/aluminium oxide, iron/aluminium oxide, copper/aluminium oxide, cobalt/aluminium oxide) showed that nickel/aluminium oxide had by far the highest catalytic activity and selectivity towards the yield of hydrogen.
Gorzkie łzy nieznośnych dzieci w wersji polskiej, czyli o motywie płaczu w tłumaczeniach zbiorku Struwwelpeter Heinricha Hoffmanna
Authors: Frużyńska Joanna
Published: July 2021

Artykuł jest analizą porównawczą motywu łez w trzech tłumaczeniach utworu He-inricha Hoffmanna Struwwelpeter na język polski. Celem była interpretacja zgromadzonych danych (wskazujących, że wyrazy związane z motywem łez występują we wszystkich prze-kładach zdecydowanie częściej niż w oryginale) i powiązanie ich z opisanymi w badaniach wcześniejszych, zwłaszcza w pracach Joanny Dybiec-Gajer, strategiami polskich tłumaczy utworu. Ich wybory leksykalne i składniowe oraz zastosowane amplifikacje i przekształcenia wskazują na ścisłe powiązanie kontekstów, w których pojawia się motyw łez, z ogólnymi ce-chami danego przekładu/adaptacji, w szczególności z tendencją do akcentowania funkcji dy-daktycznej lub ludycznej, a z drugiej strony – z projektowanymi reakcjami czytelnika dziecię-cego: od strachu, poprzez empatię – do lektury „z przymrużeniem oka”. W artykule zostały także skrótowo zaprezentowane dzieje zbioru Struwwelpeter w Polsce w ciągu 160 lat od pierwszego, anonimowego wydania książki pod tytułem Złota różdżka, a także najważniejsze wątki polskich badań nad utworem. Zasygnalizowano także funkcjonujące w literaturze przedmiotu i krytyce literackiej w Polsce interpretacje Struwwelpetera i Złotej różdżki oraz opisywany w tym kontekście problem utożsamienia przekładu (będącego w istocie adaptacją) z oryginałem.
Opera as Comics: Richard Wagner’s The Ring of the Nibelung in Craig P. Russell’s Graphic Adaptation
Authors: Weiss Michaela , Urbanec Miroslav
Published: July 2021

The article explores the capacity of the comics medium to represent a complex opera cycle in a graphic narrative. It analyses specific features of transmedial transmission between opera and comics through the example of the most recent graphic adaptation of Richard Wagner’s dramatic tetralogy The Ring of the Nibelung by P. Craig Russell, published by Dark Horse Comics (2000-2001). The adaptation, which fuses the disparate worlds of opera, comics, and fantasy culture, is stripped of Wagner’s controversial ideology. Russell interprets the Ring Cycle as an essential source of inspiration for American comics, thereby making this complex magnum opus attractive and accessible to wider audiences. His chief aim, however, is to reproduce an operatic effect by way of graphic mythic grandiosity. The study explores the visual aspects of the adaptation, addressing the potential of the comics medium to capture Wagner’s original vision. With a focus on illustration style and character depiction, this article discusses Russell’s imagery, which combines the classic illustrations of Arthur Rackham and Carl Emil Doepler, images from American popular culture, and Alan Lee’s illustrations of Tolkien’s series The Lord of the Rings. This article further analyses the methods of transmission of sounds into the silent medium, including both linguistic and visual means of expressing the intensity and quality of sound. Special attention is paid to the meaning and visual form of the Wagnerian leitmotiv as well as the use of colouring in relation to timing.
A játékosítás lehetőségei a köznevelésben
Authors: Szabó Csaba , Szenderák Júlia , Szörényi Sára
Published: July 2021

Gamification has been used for ten years in the corporate culture to improve productivity, employee motivation and engagement. A similar effect can be achieved in education as well, by improving students’ engagement. Engagement increases achievement and attitude. The psychological explanation for the effect of gamification is the flow first described by Csíkszentmihályi. Based on a 2017 definition of gamification we present advantages of using gamification in education. First we introduce the methods, the taxonomy of players and the notion of game elements. We give an extensive list of existing game elements, then we show the application of a few game elements and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. We point out that gamification is not just applying game elements.
Roadmapping in the Era of Uncertainty: How to Integrate Data-Driven Methods with Expert Insights
Authors:   Ajou University, Lee Sungjoo , Jang Kook Jin ,   Hyundai Motor Company, Lee Myung Han ,   Hyundai Motor Company, Shin Seong Ryong ,   Hyundai Motor Company
Published: July 2021

Roadmapping has long been regarded as a practical tool for supporting decision-making for science and technology innovation and it has received recent attention for its potential use in responses to uncertainty. Indeed, roadmapping enables forward-looking strategy making and thus helps to reduce uncertainty. Accordingly, numerous studies have been conducted to propose new approaches to roadmapping for a wide range of contexts, including the data-driven and expert-based approaches. Although these two main approaches have distinct advantages and disadvantages, few previous studies have focused on how to integrate them into roadmapping to better support decision-making related to science and technology innovation. To address this research gap, this study investigated how to integrate data-driven approaches with expert insights during roadmapping. For this purpose, a workshop-based roadmapping method was combined with data-driven methods to test this approach in the context of technology planning for the automobile industry. An ethnographic approach was used to collect data on when, where, and how data analysis must be conducted to support experts’ discussions. The research findings open a discussion regarding how to integrate data-driven methods with expert insights during roadmapping based on the trade-offs between the two types of data, that is, hard data for data-driven methods and soft data from expert insights, and suggest possible opportunities for future roadmapping developments.
The DNA conformational energy landscape: sequence-dependent conformational equilibria of duplex DNA
Authors: Karim M ElSawy , Leo SD Caves
Published: July 2021

The free energy surfaces of duplex dinucleotide steps were mapped in a principal conformational subspace derived from crystal structure data on DNA duplex oligomers. The three dimensional subspace, spanned by collective degrees of freedom representing linear combinations of the Cartesian coordinates of the backbone and sugar atoms of both strands accounted for 77% of the total variance of the observed structural distribution. The features of the subspace free energy surface correspond well to the distribution of observed structures exhibiting a clear separation of A- and B-family classes. The sequence dependence of the relative A / B-form conformational equilibria was derived from the corresponding subspace free energy surfaces at physiological conditions. A B-philicity scale representing the mole fraction of the BI-form vs the A-family for the 10 unique dinucleotide steps revealed three classes of sequences: highly B-philic (GC/GC & CG/CG), B-philic (AC/GT, AA/TT, AT/AT, CA/TG, AG/CT & GG/CC) and A-philic (GA/TC & TA/TA). The high propensity of the TA/TA step to adopt the A-form conformation is in accord with single crystal X-ray diffraction data and has biological significance in view of the frequent presence of the TATA sequence motif in transcriptional promoter regions.
McKenzie Lab 16S/ITS Sample Processing Protocol v1
Authors: Alexiev Alexandra
Published: July 2021

This is the protocol used in the McKenzie Lab at CU Boulder for 16S and ITS1 sample processing for eventual amplicon sequencing on a MiSeq.
Golden Gate Assembly_Perkinsus v1
Authors: F. Waller Ross
Published: July 2021

The phylum Perkinsozoa is an aquatic parasite lineage that has devastating effects on commercial and natural mollusc populations, and also comprises parasites of algae, fish and amphibians. They are related to dinoflagellates and apicomplexans and thus offer excellent genetic models for both parasitological and evolutionary studies. Genetic transformation was previously achieved for Perkinsus spp. but with few tools for transgene expression and limited selection efficacy. We have expanded the power of experimental genetic tools for Perkinsus using P. marinus as a model. We constructed a modular Golden Gate plasmid assembly system for expression of multiple genes simultaneously as the basis of this effort. This has provided a versatile platform enabling several further developments: efficient selection systems for three drugs, puromycin, bleomycin and blasticidin; eleven new promoters of variable expression strengths; and bi-cistronic transcripts using the viral 2A peptides can couple selection to the maintenance of the expression of a transgene of interest. Collectively, thesenew tools provide great new capacity to genetically modify and study Perkinsus as an aquatic parasite and evolutionary model.
Additional information for the creation of ahigh-quality draft genome for Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) v1
Authors: Voelker Julia
Published: July 2021

This protocol provides additional information to be read together with the publication about the genome assembly of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree). This is an extension to the methods listed in the manuscript, especially regarding the computational methods and specific commands that were used for genome assembly and annotation, as well as various quality control and filtering steps.
Plasmid Sequence Analysis from Long Reads v5
Authors: A Eccles David
Published: July 2021

This protocol demonstrates how to assemble reads from plasmid DNA, and generate a circularised and non-repetitive consensus sequence At the moment, this protocol uses Canu to de-novo assemble high-quality single-cut reads. Input(s): demultiplexed fastq files (see protocol Demultiplexing Nanopore reads with LAST). I've noticed that the default demultiplexing carried out by Guppy (at least up to v4.2.2, as used in the first version of this protocol) has issues with chimeric reads, which can affect assembly. Output(s): Consensus sequence per barcode as a fasta file
QIAGEN RNeasy Plant RNA Extraction Protocol (Modified) v3
Authors: J Burgess Steven
Published: July 2021

This is a protocol for extraction of RNA from plant leaf tissue using a QIAGEN RNeasy Plant Mini Kit. The procedure largely follows the manufacturer's instructions but there are a few minor tweaks we introduced which in our hands were necessary for optimal results. This protocol also includes the on-column DNase I digestion step. The original protocol is attached below Kit: https://www.qiagen.com/us/products/diagnostics-and-clinical-research/sample-processing/rneasy-plant-mini-kit/#orderinginformation RNase free DNase kit: https://www.qiagen.com/us/products/discovery-and-translational-research/lab-essentials/enzymes/rnase-free-dnase-set/#orderinginformation
Permutation Analysis: Two and three year old children use an incremental first-NP-as-agent bias to process transitive sentencee v1
Authors: Abbot-Smith Kirsten , Chang Franklin , Rowland Caroline , Ferguson Heather , Pine Julian
Published: July 2021

Permutation analysis for eyetracking study
YHWH’s mouthpiece to the exiles
Authors: Pietersen Doniwen , Human Dirk
Published: July 2021

This article seeks to make a contribution to the discourse on how the difference between the two versions of the book of Jeremiah as it pertains to two bracketed texts, e.g. Jer. 25:11–12 – Jer. 46:27–28 illustrate a regard of hope on the end of the Exile. Does the Masoretic Text (MT) have a different perspective on the idea of hope, or do both the MT and Septuagint (LXX) share a similar position on this? Moreover, this article attempts to characterise the claim of the MT versus the LXX and tries to understand these texts in light of the above-mentioned text-corpus in its earliest development, but also to foreground this idea of hope within a theological analysis of Jeremiah 29:1–32.
phenomenon of divorce and its challenge to the black African communities: A need for pastoral and indigenous African marital therapy
Authors: Baloyi Gift Tlharihani , Olehile Buffel
Published: July 2021

Divorce is a painful and traumatic experience that disrupt the lives of people. Research has shown that the phenomenon of divorce among black South Africans is escalating on a yearly basis. This is accompanied by both emotional, spiritual and psychological effects which impact on the well-being of people. Furthermore, divorce is understood as a disruption of normal life and it also threatens the stability and sustainability of social institutions. As the article is written from a context of pastoral care and counselling, it acknowledges the existence of other forms of care beyond the boundaries of the Christian ministry of healing. The indigenous African martial therapy plays a vital role in black African communities in strengthening marital bonds and its longevity. Even though this African model has been disrupted by the wave of industrialisation and urbanisation, the article argues that its methods of healing, counselling and mediatory role are necessary for African people and in response to the collapse of the institution of marriage.
Modelling quality of life in ukraine and european countries
Authors: Stavytskyy A. , Molokanova K.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the concept of quality of life and reviews the history of its development in the scientific literature. It is explained why estimation of country’s level of socio-economic development and quality of life can’t be done only by evaluation of GDP per capita and other dimensions have to be included such as those, which influence material well-being (level of income, living conditions, basic expenses rate in total consumption, income inequality, etc.) and other areas of well-being (such as quality of education, healthcare, ecology, social equality). Dimensions that have to be included while estimating the level of quality of life have been defined by the most influential works in both the theoretical development of the concept and its practical application. Tendencies of changes of life-quality in European countries during 2008 – 2019 have been described. The development of the most important indicators that have an impact on life-quality has also been examined. The article analyses the features of methodology and application of dynamic stochastic models of general equilibrium (DSGE-models). DSGE-model has been built based on analysis of quality of life. Evaluation of the model made it possible to determine the most influential factors in terms of quality of life, estimate the level of quality of life in Ukraine and European countries and formulate general recommendations based on the country’s weaknesses. The model can be used for analysis of life-quality for other countries as long as data of the indicators correspond with the values given by statistic services of the country. In case of necessity, the system of indicators used for estimation of the quality of life can be broadened or constricted.
SEMANTIC AND AXIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF THE «SPEECH» PHRASEOLOGICAL MICROSYSTEM (based on Modern Greek, English and Ukrainian)
Authors: Zharikova Yuliya
Published: July 2021

Phraseology is the branch of linguistics that attracts a lively interest of the researchers, especially through the prism of the latest trends in language study. Despite the fact that the recent studies are mostly made in the terms of cognitive and cultural lingual studies, still the traditional research vectors formed within the structural-semantic paradigm of linguistic knowledge are relevant. In this context, a comparative research based on the material of the Modern Greek, Ukrainian, as well as English as language of international communication, is, undoubtedly, of high topicality.

The «Speech» phraseological microsystem is analyzed as well as the phraseosemantic groups are allocated as integral parts of it. In addition, the axiological peculiarities of this group of phraseology are analyzed. Thus, on the basis of differential features, the phraseological units, that form the «Speech» microsystem, are divided into the following phraseosemantic groups: 1) with a negative evaluation: «Criticism, offence, ridicule», «Criticism, insult, rumors», «Denial, refusal», «Chattiness», «Hostile wishes»; 2) with a positive evaluation: «Pleasant conversation, simple conversation», «To speak sincerely, openly, to tell the truth», «Consent, understanding»; 3) with a neutral meaning: «Lack of interest», «Awareness».
Kozhevnikov School: V. A. Karlov
Authors: Yakhno N. N.
Published: July 2021

The report substantiates the concept of combining the Kozhevnikov Neurological School with the Moscow School of Neurology. It is shown that almost all the great Russian neurologists passed through the clinic created by A.Ya. Kozhevnikov. The representative of this school, V.A. Karlov, consistently follows the principles laid down by the teachers, that allows him to create new concepts of neurology and develop the Moscow Neurological School.
Forward to Jackson!
Authors: Mukhin K. Yu.
Published: July 2021

The report shows that V.A. Karlov proved at the current level of knowledge the correctness of the ideas of the great English neurologist John Hughlings Jackson, author of works on localization of the projection motor centers of the cerebral cortex, on aphasia, and others.
Epilepsy: take care of the women’s beauty from childhood
Authors: Zhidkova I. A.
Published: July 2021

The report considers an important issues of the course and treatment of epilepsy in women. Specific aspects of the problem are noted, the basic principles and features of the treatment of female epilepsy are shown, the problems of pregnancy planning are discussed.