bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design, Build, and Analyze: A Comprehensive Approach to Developing a Thermal Dehydrator Prototype
Authors: Wagle Manas
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Fruit and vegetable preservation commonly relies on drying methods, and dehydrators play a pivotal role in enhancing traditional sun-drying processes. This report delves into the intricate calculation and analysis of a specific household electric dehydrator model with a 5kg capacity. Employing a meticulously chosen 5 kg sample of grapes with an initial 80% w.b(wet basis). moisture content, the dehydrator was analysed at temperatures of 45, 50, and 60 degrees Celsius.
A Parametric Analysis of Wind-Loaded High-Rise Constructions in Various Terrain Types with Bracing
Authors: Arikar Ashwini
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This study tries to provide a hypothetical structural design for a tall building in a city. It is very important for civil engineering students to think about how structural systems can enhance the architectural expression of a building. Wind is the governing load when building high-rise structures in the city. A building can be structurally improved to resist wind pressure by making changes to the basic design, which gives it a unique architectural expression. In this study, G+10 and G+20 storey structures is designed and compared in two terrain categories and subjected to wind load. The ruggedness of the environment where the fabric structure is located is measured by the Terrain category. Wind speed, wind direction, and exposure to the elements are examples of such variables. Earthquake and wind loads are applied to the ETABS model according to the given National Standards. Finally, it is determined how strong and flexible the structure is under these stresses. The output of the calculation program and additional calculated products are compared to the Indian limit for structural serviceability.
5G Wireless Technology: Spectrum Sharing and Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Sachan Vibhav Kr. , Trivedi Abhinav , Srivastava Yashi , Shukla Shubham
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This paper addresses the critical challenge of 5G network cell planning, emphasizing the essential role of estimating the number of cells or base stations required for a given area and user bandwidth. The proposed model explores four scenarios with varying network parameters to determine the optimal base station deployment. The increasing demand for 5G networks necessitates a focus on small cells or femtocells, offering advantages such as consistent coverage, power adjustment, energy efficiency, and higher data rates. However, deploying excessive femtocells may lead to unnecessary handovers, requiring optimization strategies. The study introduces an analytical model for heterogeneous cellular networks, integrating fourth and fifth-generation systems. The model, represented by a two dimensional Markov Chain, employs a novel decomposition approach for analyzing system performance measures. Validation is conducted through simulation and simultaneous equation systems. The proliferation of mobile devices and data traffic necessitates dense 5G network deployments, with small cells gaining traction due to their versatile coverage, power adaptability, energy efficiency, and higher data rates. However, an excessive deployment of small cells can lead to frequent handovers, prompting the need for enhanced handover strategies and coexistence with other technologies in the 5G landscape. The paper concludes by highlighting the impending need for practical implementation testing of 5G systems, emphasizing the significant role of small cell deployments. It discusses an initiative focusing on testing small cellenabled operator business models in real-world scenarios, anticipating the pivotal role of small cells in future 5G systems.
Análisis psicométrico de dos versiones del Big Five Inventory-15 en estudiantes universitarios chilenos: estructura interna, invarianza de medición y asociación con bienestar subjetivo
Authors: Dominguez-Lara Sergio , Carmona-Halty Marcos , Schulmeyer Marion K. , Valente Sabina N. , Lourenço Abílio A.
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la estructura interna de dos versiones del Big Five Inventory-15 (BFI-15), invarianza de medición y su relación con el bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Participaron 1011 estudiantes (mujeres = 54.80 %; Medad = 21.55 años; DEedad = 2.11 años). Los resultados indican que la versión peruana del BFI-15 (BFI-15p) tiene indicadores más consistentes con relación a su estructura interna (e.g., cargas factoriales) en comparación a la versión alemana (BFI-15a), así como una estructura invariante entre hombres y mujeres, y una asociación significativa con las dimensiones del bienestar subjetivo. Finalmente, la confiabilidad del constructo y de las puntuaciones alcanzó magnitudes adecuadas. Se concluye que el BFI-15p presenta propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para su uso en universitarios chilenos.
PERBAIKAN KARAKTER WIRAUSAHA PETANI KARET DAN RANCANGAN PORTFOLIO KEWIRAUSAHAAN PERTANIAN (STUDI KASUS DI DESA REGAN AGUNG, KABUPATEN BANYUASIN, SUMATERA SELATAN)
Authors: Agustina, MSc Dwi Shinta
Published: May 2024

Kewirausahaan pedesaan merupakan salah satu bidang penelitian terbaru di bidang kewirausahaan dan telah menjadi salah satu faktor pendukung yang signifikan untuk pengembangan ekonomi pedesaan dan agribisnis. Dengan perubahan-perubahan dan tantangan yang dihadapi masyarakat pedesaan, dipandang perlu untuk menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan bagi masyarakat pedesaan. Oleh karena itu, kajian karakteristik kewirausahaan dan rancangan portofolio kewirausahaan di salah satu desa di Indonesia sangat relevan untuk dilakukan. Tulisan ini menyampaikan hasil kajian tentang rencana perbaikan karakter kewirausahaan dan rancangan portofolio kewirausahaan pertanian di Desa Regan Agung, salah satu desa penghasil karet di Kabupaten Banyuasin, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan melalui wawancara melalui komunikasi menggunakan handphone karena adanya kendala jarak dan waktu. Karakter kewirausahan yang perlu diperbaiki di Desa Regan Agung meliputi: 1). karakter untuk membangun jaringan dengan pihak lain terutama kaitannya dengan bridging social capital; 2). karakter untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang produk, pasar, permesinan, teknologi serta pengetahuan tentang manajemen; dan 3). karakter untuk memiliki orientasi masa depan. Rancangan portofolio kewirausahaan yang tepat akan menentukan arah kebijakan bagi pembangunan ekonomi petani.
INFORME BIOANTROPOLÓGICO DE UNA INHUMACIÓN TARDIA AISLADA EN PATAGONIA CENTRO OESTE (REGIÓN DE AISÉN)
Authors: Fournier Camila , Andrade Pedro , Reyes Omar , Nuevo-Delaunay Amalia , Ceballos Jaime , Mendez Cesar
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo expone los resultados del análisis y caracterización individual de los restos bioantropológicos correspondientes a un rescate arqueológico realizado en el año 2019 en el sector La Cordonada, comuna de Coyhaique, región de Aysén, Chile. Este estudio comprende observaciones macroscópicas y caracterización bioantropológica de un individuo femenino de entre 30-35 años de edad biológica. Además, se precisó una cronología radiocarbónica de 390 años cal AP y la existencia de una dieta diversificada a través del análisis de isótopos estables del individuo. Se discuten tanto estos resultados, en función de otras muestras bioarqueológicas previamente descritas en la región y de cronología similar, como la posibilidad de estar frente a un tipo de inhumación diferente al tipo chenque, comúnmente descrita en Patagonia.
LA COLECCIÓN HOFMANN DEL MUSEO DE LA CULTURA DEL MUNDO, GOTEMBURGO. CARACTERÍSTICAS E HISTORIA DE SU CONFORMACIÓN
Authors: Frank Ariel David
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo se analiza la historia de conformación y las características de una colección de artefactos líticos procedente de Patagonia alojada en el Museo de la Cultura del Mundo de Gotemburgo, Suecia. Esta colección fue donada al Museo Etnográfico de dicha ciudad a inicios de la década de 1950 por Carlos Hofmann, coleccionista que residía en la estancia La Rosinda, localizada en el sector central de Santa Cruz, Argentina. A través del análisis de correspondencia alojada en dicho museo y en el fondo Rex González, se abordan las circunstancias de llegada de la colección a Suecia, siendo este un ejemplo del papel jugado por coleccionistas y aficionados en la historia de la práctica arqueológica. En tanto, el análisis tecnomorfológico de la colección informa sobre los criterios contemplados por el señor Hofmann a la hora de seleccionar los materiales a enviar y contribuyen también a conocer las características de los conjuntos arqueológicos de una localidad de la Patagonia que tuvo un rol importante en la circulación de las sociedades cazadoras recolectoras del área.
Techno-economic assessment of deep geothermal technologies for district heating systems on the South Shore of MontrÃ©al (QuÃ©bec, Canada)
Authors: Miranda Mafalda M. , Comeau Félix-Antoine , Raymond Jasmin
Published: May 2024

Geothermal district heating systems with deep boreholes (1.5 to 3.0 km) can be an interesting alternative to electric heating systems powered by hydroelectricity. The techno-economic potential of deep borehole heat exchangers and geothermal doublets (with and without reservoir stimulation) was assessed, and the results suggest that the latter installed in a permeable medium is more economically attractive than deep borehole heat exchangers. The economic analysis also suggests that the former systems can potentially provide energy at a lower cost than Hydro QuÃ©becâ€™s minimum electricity selling price of 0.063 $/kWh (Rate D applied to domestic use for the first 40 kWh/day â€“ 1st tier). However, geothermal doublets are a high-risk technology. Further field tests would be needed to fully assess their technological potential. Nevertheless, despite the risk and uncertainty, utilizing deep geothermal energy for district heating systems offers potential long-term benefits that surpass the challenges related to drilling and resource assessment.
On the interaction between a geothermal borehole and groundwater flows
Authors: Rico Javier
Published: May 2024

The presence of aquifers can highly affect the heat exchange between geothermal boreholes and the ground. To optimally design them, theoretical models for the thermal interaction of geothermal boreholes with groundwater flows are required. The present work exploits the presence of large disparities in time and length scales, using matched asymptotic expansion techniques, to build a mathematically rigorous and physically sound model that accounts for the presence of creeping groundwater flows. The derived model not only exhibits great performance compared to detailed numerical simulations but also serves to critically assess the merits and limits of the state of the art.
Study of heat transfer characteristics and economic analysis of a closed deep coaxial heat exchanger retrofitted from an abandoned geothermal well
Authors: Liu Ruijia , Cui Ping , Zhang Wenshuo , Zhang Wenke , Fang Zhaohong
Published: May 2024

It is economical to transform abandoned oil/geothermal wells into closed deep geothermal heat exchangers with coaxial tubes. A numerical model of a coaxial geothermal heat exchanger (CGHE) with varying borehole diameters is established according to an abandoned well in northern China. The finite difference method is adopted to solve the temperature distribution, and the accuracy of the model is validated with experimental data. Based on the existing structure of the abandoned well with different depths, the feasibility of its conversion into a deep CGHE is discussed, and this study uses the orthogonal experimental method to analyze the influence of four main factors and their significance level on the average heat extraction rate, with the heat extraction rate up to 422.18 kW in the optimal combination. This study also integrates with actual project considerations and conducts an economic analysis to determine the most appropriate circulation fluid flow rate. The results highlight the key factors on the heat transfer performance of the CGHE, with the inlet water temperature to the CGHE being the most significant, followed by the configuration of the CGHE retrofitted from the abandoned well. From the economic perspective, given the CGHE in this study is retrofitted from the abandoned oil wells, the flow rate design of 35 mÂ³/h is the optimal choice, ensuring cost-effective system operation while meeting the operational requirements of the deep CGHE.
Emulated borehole heat exchanger â€“ current state of development of test rig for the assessment of TRT units
Authors: Karrer Hanne , Osgyan Peter , Staudacher Lars , Kötting Immo , Seibold Antonia , Koenigsdorff Roland , Pröll Markus
Published: May 2024

Shallow geothermal energy already is and will be playing a major role in achieving the climate goals of the Paris Agreement. When designing geothermal energy systems, it is crucial to know the thermal conductivity of the underground as well as the thermal borehole resistance, besides further parameters. A thermal response test (TRT) is the method of choice for determining these values. Therefore, two teams in Sweden (Gehlin) and the USA (Spitler) developed TRT rigs in the 1990s. Since then, there have been numerous instructions and recommendations on how to execute testing, including the correct equipment, procedure, and evaluation of results, for example ISO 17628:2015, EN 17522:2023, VDI 4640 Blatt 5. However, currently there is no established method for testing TRT units and procedures to assess their functionality and quality. Therefore, an emulated borehole heat exchanger (E-BHE) for TRT unit quality assurance was developed and built at ZAE Bayern. It emulates the thermal behavior of a real borehole heat exchanger (BHE). Different borehole lengths, single and double U-pipes, as well as various underground properties, can be set. This allows for testing different TRT units within a short time span and with reproducible boundary conditions. The E-BHE uses the so-called EWS model by Huber. First tests underline the importance of using consistent models for TRT evaluation and BHE system design.
Evaluation of short and long-term performance of a dual-source heat pump
Authors: Bordignon Sara , Pengo Riccardo , De Carli Michele , Zarrella Angelo
Published: May 2024

A dual-source heat pump is a heat pump coupled with two heat sources/sinks, such as the ground and the air. Such solutions allow to balance the thermal load to the ground, shifting part of the heating or cooling thermal load to the finned coil heat exchanger and preventing the possible degradation of the long-term ground-source heat pump performance. In addition, a similar configuration can be more economically convenient than a ground source heat pump. Depending on the plant configuration and the boundary conditions (mainly climatic area), the control strategy to switch between the two heat sources and sinks is crucial to ensure good heat pump performance in the short and long-term operation of the system. This work investigates a control strategy to choose the value of switch temperature, which establishes the most favorable heat source or sink to be used by the heat pump. A dynamic model is developed using TRNSYS to study and predict the thermal and electrical behavior of double-source heat pumps, which can be used in the context of retrofitted and new buildings under different weather conditions. The modeled system simulates an existing commercial building, where a dual-source heat pump is installed and whose operation data are monitored.
The effect of financial literacy and social philanthropy functions on Islamic financial inclusion practices
Authors: Setiawan Ananda , Faisal Faisal
Published: May 2024

Although financial inclusion practices have been widely applied by Islamic banking institutions, the testing of factors affecting Islamic financial inclusion (IFI) is still limited. This study analyses the connections between financial literacy, social philanthropy functions, and IFI. The study sample includes 56 Islamic banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2015 to 2021 period. This study measures Islamic corporate social responsibility (CSR) as viewed based on two approaches: financial literacy and social philanthropy functions. Multivariate regression analyses are utilised for analysing the data and testing the hypotheses. The results showcase that financial literacy does not positively influence financial inclusion; by contrast, social philanthropy has both a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into the influence of Islamic CSR as a means of encouraging IFI. The managerial implications of these results may guide decision-makers, particularly governments and financial institutions when drafting regulations to consider the overall effectiveness of Islamic CSR in promoting improved Islamic financial literacy and inclusiveness within Indonesia.
Adverse Drug reactions in an Ageing PopulaTion risk Prediction (ADAPTiP) tool: the development of a model for predicting adverse drug reaction-related hospital admissions in older patients
Authors: Frydenlund Juliane , Cosgrave Nicole , Moriarty Frank , Wallace Emma , Kirke Ciara , Williams David , Bennett Kathleen , Cahir Caitriona
Published: May 2024

Background: Older patients are at an increased risk of developing
adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The aim of this study was to develop a
risk prediction model (ADAPTiP) for ADR-related hospital admissions in
older populations, based on predictors available at the time of hospital
admission. Methods: We used the Adverse Drug reactions in an Ageing
PopulaTion (ADAPT) cohort (N=798; 361 ADR-related admissions; 437
non-ADR-related admissions), a cross-sectional and prospective cohort
study designed to examine the prevalence of and risk factors for
ADR-related hospital admissions in patients aged ≥ 65 years. Twenty
predictors (categorised as sociodemographic-related, functional
ability-related, disease-related and medication-related) were considered
in the development of the model. A multivariable logistic regression
model was developed using statistically significant univariate
associations and/or clinically relevant predictors to estimate adjusted
odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Calibration and
discriminative performance of the model was assessed by the
Hosmer-Lemeshow test and by calculating the area under the receiver
operator characteristic (AUROC) curve. Results: The multivariable model
(ADAPTiP) included ten predictors. Antithrombotic agents, diuretics and
RAAS drug classes and the primary presenting complaints of bleeding
disorders, gastrointestinal disorders and syncope and frailty were
significantly associated with an ADR-related hospital admission.
Increasing age and having chronic lung disease were significantly
associated with having a non-ADR-related hospital admission. The AUROC
was 0.78 [95%CI:0.75;0.81] with sensitivity and specificity values
of 59% and 83%, respectively. Conclusion: ADAPTiP has potential as a
risk prediction model for ADR-related hospital admissions. Future
research will validate this model in other settings.
Perceived Social Support, General Self-Efficacy, and Professional Identity in Nursing Students' Resilience
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Long Yulin , Wang Jing , Yu Tingting , Dai Liyi
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study explores how perceived social support
influences resilience among nursing students and the mediating role of
general self-efficacy, along with the moderating impact of professional
identity. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted with
1377 nursing students in Zhuhai, China, from March to May 2022, using
stratified random sampling. Correlation analysis, cascade regression,
and bias-corrected bootstrap methods were employed to assess the
relationships between perceived social support, general self-efficacy,
professional identity, and resilience. Results: Nursing
students’ perceived social support significantly predicted general
self-efficacy ( β =0.384， p＜0.001) and resilience ( β =0.603，
p＜0.001). General self-efficacy acted as a “bridge” between
perceived social support and resilience ( β =0.298， p＜0.001),
and professional identity moderated the relationship between general
self-efficacy and resilience ( β =0.128, p＜0.001).
Conclusion: Collaboration among schools, families, and society
is essential to provide social support for nursing students, fostering
their resilience. Nurse educators can play a pivotal role in fostering
nursing students’ professional identity by cultivating their emotional
connection to the profession and augmenting their understanding of the
multifaceted nature of nursing practice, ultimately enhancing their
resilience.
Solar wind response of the dawn-dusk asymmetry in the Io plasma torus using the Haleakala T60 and HISAKI satellite observations
Authors: Kondo Hiroyasu , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Kagitani Masato , Satoh Shinnosuke , Misawa Hiroaki , Nakamura Yuki , Murakami Go , Kimura Tomoki , Yamazaki Atsushi , Yoshikawa Ichiro , Kita Hajime , Tao Chihiro
Published: May 2024

Plasma originating from the satellite Io forms a dense plasma region
known as the Io plasma torus (IPT) in the Jovian inner magnetosphere.
Slightly inside the Io-orbit is a distinct structure called the
“ribbon,” where the plasma spreads along the magnetic field lines. The
ribbon moved dawnward owing to the dawn-to-dusk electric field. Extreme
ultraviolet (EUV) observations of the IPT showed that the electric field
was enhanced under compressed conditions of the magnetosphere caused by
solar wind. However, no reports have been published on the influence of
solar wind on the radial position of the ribbon. Here, we show the
correlation between the temporal variation in the ribbon’s position and
solar wind. We analyzed the visible ([SII] 6716, 6731 Å) IPT images
observed by the Tohoku 60-cm telescope (T60) and the EUV emissions
observed by the Hisaki satellite. We found that the position of the
ribbon shifted dawnward when the solar wind dynamic pressure was
enhanced. The dawnward shift was more significant on the dawn side than
on the dusk side, indicating that the change in the electric field was
inhomogeneous. The simultaneous observations of T60 and the Hisaki
satellite on February 19–23, 2016 indicated that the averaged intensity
of the electric field derived from T60 was 3.9±0.9 mV/m, consistent with
that of 2.8±1.2 mV/m derived from the Hisaki satellite. Our results
demonstrate how solar wind affects the nonuniformity of the electric
field in the inner magnetosphere.
Pell and Pell-Lucas hybrid quaternions
Authors: Kürüz Ferhat , Dağdeviren Ali
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we investigate Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers what new properties we can obtain by working on a new number system-hybrid quaternions. Firstly, we present some new identities of Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers and quaternions. Then, with the help of these identities and previously known identities, we get new identities on Pell and Pell-Lucas hybrid quaternions, including Binet?s and Cassini?s identities.
On the rigidity and analytical rigidity of two-connected regular surfaces of revolution for a given direction of displacement of edge points
Authors: Rýparová Lenka , Guseva Nadezda , Sherkuziyev Mamadiar , Sherkuziyevad Nasiba
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we investigate infinitesimal bends of two-connected surfaces
of revolution on which are given conditions that allow the points of one of
the boundary parallels to move only along a given constant direction. We
formulated the obtained results in the form of a theorem.
On fixed points of generalized Kannan and Reich type contractive mappings
Authors: Roy Kushal , Panja Sayantan , Saha Mantu , Bisht Ravindra
Published: May 2024

Kannan or Reich type strict contractive conditions do not ensure the
existence of fixed points unless some strong conditions such as compactness
of the space and continuity of the mapping are assumed. In this paper, our
main aim is to investigate the existence of fixed point of generalized
Kannan type contractive mappings in the setting of boundedly compact and
T-orbitally compact metric spaces via orbital continuity. In addition to it,
asymptotic regularity has been used to prove the Reich type fixed point
theorem via altering distance functions. Supporting examples have been given
to strengthen the hypotheses of our proved theorems.
H-coloring revisited
Authors: Bozin Vladimir , Lazarevic Ivan
Published: May 2024

In this paper we give a new, shortened proof of NP-completeness of CSP
problem for undirected, non bipartite graphs, of interest for generalization
to QCSP problem. We also give some illustrative examples.
Curves of stationary acceleration according to alternative frame
Authors: Güven Arslan , Es Hasan , Yaylı Yusuf
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates curves of stationary acceleration by using
alternative frame which includes the principal normal vector, the derivative
of principal normal vector and the Darboux vector. Mentioned curves are
studied by the way of rigid body motions, that is to say a point in the
moving body follows the curve and the alternative frame in the moving body
stays aligned with the members of frame. It is determined that in which
condition this special motion becomes to stationary acceleration motion. The
matrix representations of a constant vector related to velocity vector of
the motion which is used to characterize stationary acceleration is obtained
by means of alternative frame curvatures. Some examinations are developed
with some solutions of differential equations. The main result is attained
as: general helix curves with linear curvature and torsion functions are
curves of stationary acceleration which are curves in the rigid body motions
group SE(3) correlated with robotics. The paths designed as stationary
acceleration curves can lead the way to control the end-effectors of robots.
Finally, some explanatory examples are imputed.
Some properties of s-paratopological groups
Authors: Tang Zhongbao , Chen Mengna
Published: May 2024

A paratopological group G is called an s-paratopological group if every
sequentially continuous homomorphism from G to a paratopological group is
continuous. For every paratopological groups (G, ?), there is an
s-coreflection (G, ?S(G,?)), which is an s-paratopological group. A
characterization of s-coreflection of (G, ?) is obtained, i.e., the topology
?S(G,?) is the finest paratopological group topology on G whose open sets
are sequentially open in ?. We prove that the class of Abelian
s-paratopological groups is closed with open subgroups. The class of
s-paratopological groups being determined by PT-sequences is particularly
interesting. We show that this class of paratopological groups is closed
with finite product, and give a characterization that two T-sequences define
the same paratopological group topology in Abelian groups. The s-sums of
Abelian s-paratopological groups are defined. As applications, using s-sums
we give characterizations of Abelian s-paratopological groups and Hausdorff
Abelian s-paratopological groups, respectively.
Bioengineered Artificial Extracellular Vesicles Presenting PD-L1 and Gal-9 Ameliorate New-onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Yang Zhaoxin , Zhang Zhirang , Li Liyan , Jing Zhangyan , Ma Yumeng , Lan Tianyu , Li Yuan , Lin Zhongda , Fang Wenli , Zhang Jinxie , Zhang Jinling , Liang Xin , Wu Benqing , Zheng Yi , Zhang Xudong
Published: May 2024

An important factor in the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the deficiency of inhibitory immune checkpoint ligands, specifically programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Galectin-9 (Gal-9), in β-cells. Hence, modulation of the pancreas infiltrated T lymphocytes by exogenous PD-L1 or Gal-9 is an ideal approach for treating the new-onset T1D. Herein, we genetic engineered the macrophage cells to generate artificial extracellular vesicles (aEVs) overexpressing PD-L1 and Gal-9, which could restrict the islets auto-reactive T lymphocytes and protect β-cells from destruction. Intriguingly, overexpressing Gal-9 spurred macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype with immune suppressive attribute. Alternatively, both of PD-L1 and Gal-9 presenting aEVs (PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs) favorably adhere to T cells via the interaction of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 or T cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM-3)/Gal-9. Moreover, PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs prominently promoted effector T cell apoptosis and splenic regulatory T cells (Treg) cells differentiation in vitro. Virtually, PD-L1-Gal-9 aEVs efficaciously reversed the new-onset hyperglycemia in the NOD mice, prevented T1D progress, and declined the proportion and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrating the pancreas notably, which together contributed to preserving the residual β-cells survival and mitigating the hyperglycemia.
School urinary screening program in Japan: history, outcomes, perspectives
Authors: Honda Masataka , Yanagihara Takeshi , Gotoh Yoshimitsu
Published: May 2024

In Japan, pediatric urinary screening in schools for asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria began in 1974 and has been very successful in detecting asymptomatic kidney diseases at an early stage. While the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended discontinuing urinalysis as a public health service in 2007, urinary screening in Japan has proven extremely successful in reducing the incidence of kidney failure with replacement therapy in children and young adults, especially through the early treatment of glomerulonephritis, such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Furthermore, the positivity rate on urinary screening in Japan is significantly lower than in the United States where the rate of false positive results is typically very high. Japan’s seamless and efficient pediatric urinary screening may be a helpful example for other countries as well. However, the present investigation revealed several, unresolved problems with the system. For example, the methods used varied in terms of their cutoff point, additional examinations, and types of detailed testing. In Japan, various urinary screening methods are being tested to optimize the system for national use. Recently, the authors also recommended a system of detailed examinations, including beta-2 microglobulin testing and ultrasonography, to detect congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, the most common, underlying disease in kidney failure with replacement therapy, which is often overlooked until the symptoms have become grave. While school urinary screening has been ongoing for about 50 years and should be continued, improvements should also be made to it as needed.
Trends in clinical outcomes of older hemodialysis patients: data from the 2023 Korean Renal Data System (KORDS)
Authors: Kim Hyunglae , Jeong Seon A , Kim Kyeong Min , Hwang Sun Deuk , Choi Sun Ryoung , Lee Hajeong , Kim Ji Hyun , Kim Su Hyun , Kim Tae Hee , Koo Ho-Seok , Yoon Chang-Yun , Kim Kiwon , Ahn Seon Ho , Yoon Hye Eun , Kim Yong Kyun , Ban Tae Hyun , Hong Yu Ah
Published: May 2024

With an increasing aging population, the mean age of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is globally increasing. However, the current clinical status of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) is rarely reported in Korea. The current study analyzed the clinical features and trends of older patients undergoing HD from the Korean Renal Data System (KORDS) database. The patients were divided into three groups according to age: <65 years (the young group), n = 50,591 (35.9%); 65–74 years (the younger-old group), n = 37,525 (26.6%); and ≥75 years (the older-old group), n = 52,856 (37.5%). The proportion of older-old group undergoing HD significantly increased in incidence and decreased in prevalence from 2013 to 2022. The median levels of hemoglobin, serum creatinine, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone significantly decreased in the older-old group. The proportions of arteriovenous fistula creation and left forearm placement showed decreased trends with age. Although the utilization of low surface area dialyzers increased with age, the dialysis adequacy, including urea reduction ratio and Kt/V was within acceptable range in the older-old group on HD. Over the past 20 years, the mortality rate in the older-old group has increased, with cardiovascular diseases decreasing and infectious diseases increasing. The incidence of elderly patients undergoing HD has increased over time, but the high mortality of the older-old group needs to be solved. Therefore, it is imperative to develop holistic strategies based on age and individual needs for patients with ESKD.
The Role of the Novosibirsk Scientific School of Renal Physiology in the Development of Ideas About Osmotic and Ion Regulation
Authors: RI* Aizman
Published: May 2024

The article presents an overview of materials on the formation and development of ideas about the osmotic and ion-regulating functions of the kidneys, obtained by researchers from three scientific schools of renal physiology in Novosibirsk (Russia). It is shown that the formation of these views, which have received worldwide recognition, was started by Prof. A.G.Ginetsinsky in the 50s of the 20th century on the basis of the Novosibirsk Medical Institute and continued by his direct students Prof. L.K.Velikanova, Prof. J.D.Finkinshtein, academician L.N.Ivanova in Novosibirsk and academician Yu.V.Natochin in Leningrad (St. Petersburg). In turn, these scientists created their own scientific schools, which fruitfully developed and complemented the scientific ideas of their teachers. The paper describes and discusses the specific results of most representatives of this scientific dynasty, who have made a significant contribution to the modern understanding of the mechanisms of regulation of osmotic and ionic homeostasis.
Pelatihan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah bagi Guru SD dan SMP
Authors: Pagiling Sadrack Luden , Tembang Yonarlianto , Rahayu Dewi  Puji , Riyana Minuk , Sardiana I Ketut , Purnawan Ni Luh Ramaswati , Siti Ni Wayan
Published: May 2024

Pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru-guru SD dan SMP yang masih minim dalam melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dan mempublikasikan artikel ilmiah menyebabkan kesulitan untuk mengurus kenaikan pangkat. Oleh karena itu,  pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan PTK dan penulisan artikel ilmiah bagi guru-guru SD dan SMP. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu metode pelatihan, diskusi, dan demonstrasi. Pelatihan ini melibatkan 13 guru-guru SD dan SMP yang berada di Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua Selatan. Tim pelaksana pengabdian ini melakukan evaluasi untuk mengetahui pemahaman guru dengan cara menyebar angket melalui googleform untuk mengetahui pemahaman guru terkait PTK serta teknik penulisan artikel ilmiah yang baik. Hasil pelatihan mendemonstrasikan bahwa 13 guru memiliki pemahaman yang baik terkait dengan pengetahuan PTK dan penulisan artikel melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan skor penilaian di tingkat persetujuan antara 6 dan 7. Selanjutnya, 10 guru berhasil menulis artikel hasil PTK yang selanjutnya didampingi untuk melakukan submit artikel di jurnal nasional. Pelatihan ini disimpulkan berhasil karena mampu memberikan pengetahuan yang berharga bagi guru-guru SD dan SMP dalam melaksanakan PTK dan menulis artikel ilmiah.
Peran Pentahelix Collaboration dan Desa Model dalam Penguatan Usaha Mikro Berkelanjutan berbasis Service Learning (SL)
Authors: Mona Novita  , Eri Noprianto  , M. Syukri Ismail  , Muhammad Asman  , Acep Sopandi
Published: May 2024

Penguatan Usaha Mikro (UM) merupakan upaya strategis dalam peningkatan ekonomi daerah. Program Pengabdian berbasis Kemitraan Universitas Masyarakat (KUM) pada Mata Kuliah Kewirausahaan ini menjadi salah satu bagian dari upaya penguatan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis peran pentahelix collaboration dan desa model dalam penguatan usaha mikro berkelanjutan berbasis service learning (SL). Metodologi yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu Service Learning (SL). Sebagai sebuah metode instruksional belajar yang mengkombinasikan antara teori di kelas dengan pengalaman di komunitas/lapangan, SL mempunyai karakteristik resiprokal dan epistemic (berbasis keilmuan). SL dimulai dari tahapan pra implementasi, implementasi dan pasca implementasi untuk menjawab luaran dan target dari enam program penguatan usaha mikro di Desa Tirta Mulya. Pencapaian luaran dan target tersebut juga sejalan dengan upaya percepatan pencapaian pembangunan berkelanjutan (Sustainable Development Goals/ SDGs) bidang ekonomi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu beberapa bentuk upaya penguatan usaha mikro yang dapat dilakukan melalui Kolaborasi program kerja dengan Desa. Pelibatan Desa Model secara holistik sangat menentukan keberhasilan pencapaian target program kegiatan dalam upaya penguatan usaha mikro. Keterlibatan secara aktif mahasiswa peserta Service Learning pada Mata Kuliah Kewirausahaan juga semakin menjadikan peran perguruan tinggi sebagai problem solver masyarakat, lebih mudah dicapai.
Penyusunan Buku Ajar Digital Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Ambarwati Rosita , Nuri Ati Ningsih  , Sumani  , Dwi Fitriana
Published: May 2024

Keberhasilan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah dasar dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah sumber belajar yang menarik. Masih banyak kendala yang ditemukan dalam proses pembelajaran. Salah satunya adalah sumber belajar yang optimal yaitu keberadaan buku ajar sebagai penunjang lancarnya proses pembelajaran dikelas. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan buku ajar digital sesuai dengan isi kurikulum Merdeka. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif. Model pendekatan yang diterapkan pada kegiatan ini adalah PLA (Participatory Learning Action). Metode PLA diterapkan untuk memperdalam penguasaan materi pengembangan bahasa Inggris. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Teknik analisis data penelitian yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif Hasil dari kegiatan ini meningkatkan pemahaman guru dalam menyusun materi pembelajaran berdasarkan kurikulum Merdeka dan guru memahami cara membuat buku teks digital dengan baik. Sebanyak 80% peserta menyatakan sangat puas dengan hasil pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan tersebut, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih mendalam untuk melihat sejauh mana buku teks digital dapat membantu meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa.
Analyzing The Evolution of Environmental Literacy Research in 21st Education: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2001 to 2022
Authors: Dwiputra Dimas Febriansyah Krisna , Maryani Enok , Susanti
Published: May 2024

Environmental literacy has emerged as a paramount subject to be studied and ingrained in individuals in the 21st century due to the rising concerns over environmental problems. Hence, this research is aimed at analyzing the development of environmental literacy topics in the educational context in the 2001-2022 period to understand the development and potential of this research in the future. This study used the bibliometric analysis method with data sourced from Scopus. Out of 518 articles obtained, only 386 met the criteria for performance analysis and scientific mapping using Publish or Perish and VoSViewer software. The result showed that the development of environmental literacy in the educational context has increased both in terms of publication productivity and the number of citations. The United States, Indonesia, and Turkey contributed the most. Although overall the issues raised are still dominated by environmental literacy and environmental education, there has been a shift in the last three years. The result of this study indicates that the subject of environmental literacy within educational settings remains both compelling and pertinent for future exploration. These findings have implications for the urgency of expanding the scope of environmental literacy research in the educational context to issues that are still limited. Consequently, this study can serve as a roadmap for researchers to establish new research directions, enrich existing knowledge, and make a more substantial contribution to developing environmental literacy in educational contexts in the 21st century.
Computational Thinking in Mathematics Education Across Five Nations
Authors: Suarsana I Made , Herman Tatang , Nurlaelah Elah , Irianto  , Pacis Estrella R.
Published: May 2024

Computational Thinking (CT) has been declared as the basic literacy of the 21st century, as well as reading literacy and numeracy literacy. Awareness about the importance of ICT has been responded very well by various countries by including CT in the school curriculum. This study aimed to analyze the comparison of the integration of CT in mathematics education in 5 countries, namely China, Singapore, United Kingdom (UK), Canada and the United States of America (USA). This study used a systematic literature review method that was carried out with the PRISMA protocol. This study started from identifying the process, assessing, and interpreting all available research evidence. The design used is to summarize, review, and analyse 43 articles in the Scopus database that are very relevant to the research object. The results of the study found that, most research on the integration of CT in mathematics education had been conducted in the USA. The type of research conducted in China was dominated by quantitative research while in Canada and it tended to be qualitative. In China, UK, Canada and USA, most of the research was carried out at the Elementary School level, while in Singapore was carried out at the Junior High School level. This result implies valuable insights for policymakers and educators regarding effective strategies for integrating CT in mathematics learning.
Comparative Test of Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient, Kr-20, Kr-21, And Split-Half Method
Authors: Hari Sugiharto Setyaedhi
Published: May 2024

Final semester exams have an essential role in measuring student learning outcomes. Therefore, the tests must be of good quality. The problem is that lecturers must use reliable measuring tools to measure learning outcomes. This research aims to compare various reliability coefficients to determine which method has the highest reliability. The data collection methods in this research are observation, interviews, and tests based on student responses to the final semester exams. The data analysis technique uses the reliability of the Alpha Cronbach formula, Kuder Richardson 20, 21, and the split-half method consisting of Spearman-Brown, Flanagan, Rulon, and Hoyt. This type of research uses quantitative description. Comparative research designs are ex post facto. The research subjects were 90 undergraduate students. The research results provide several conclusions: first, the odd-even Rulon method has the highest reliability coefficient, namely 0.86; second, all reliable methods have a coefficient above 0.7 as the minimum requirement for acceptance; and third. All reliability methods have relatively the same reliability coefficient, namely around 0.8. fourth, all reliable techniques are suitable for measuring tools in the final semester exam. This research implies that lecturers are advised to use the odd-even Rulon reliability coefficient when measuring learning outcomes.
Render Forest Application to Improve A1 Level Reading Comprehension for French Department Students
Authors: Tengku Tengku Ratna Soraya , Nurilam Harianja  , Isda Pramuniati  , Mahriyuni
Published: May 2024

There are still many students who experience difficulties in learning languages, especially French. This research aims to analyze the application of the Render Forest application to improve A1 level students' reading comprehension. The subjects of this research were even semester students of the French Department. The method used in this research is Action Research. This research uses a Kurt Lewin design which consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data collection methods use observation, questionnaires and tests. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaire sheets and test questions. The subjects involved were 36 students. The data analysis techniques used are qualitative and quantitative data. This research found that using the Render Forest application improved A1 level students' reading comprehension in various ways. First, students are interested in the Render Forest application as an application for reading text. Second, Render Forest is an application that is familiar to students. Students feel comfortable and easy to adapt to this application. Additionally, quantitative data supports these findings, indicating that students have made some progress. The student's pre-test score at the beginning was 44.34. After cycle I was completed, it increased to 73. After cycle II, students finally achieved the research goal, namely 85. In conclusion, the Render Forest application improved students' reading comprehension at Level A1.
Sistema de baixo custo para ensaios em bancada e determinação do máximo torque de protótipos de motores elétricos
Authors: Colaço Fabrício , Baran Eduardo Léo , Rambo Marcos Vinicio Haas
Published: May 2024

Este projeto visou analisar, compreender e estabelecer uma série de elementos que concernem a um sistema de baixo custo para ensaios em bancada e determinação do máximo torque de protótipos de motores elétricos. Para responder aos requisitivos determinados para sistema destaca-se o uso dos seguintes elementos: Microcontrolador ESP32-Wroon-32 para efetuar o processamento da leitura dos sensores e controle dos atuadores programado usando a plataforma de desenvolvimento Arduino IDE 1.8.19. Display para apresentação dos dados. Aplicativo de celular que se comunica com o sistema microcontrolado, via protocolo Bluetooth low energy (BLE). Para o armazenamento de dados, adotou-se as memórias do tipo SD. O presente trabalho possibilitou a empregabilidade de ferramentas e técnicas modernas que fomentam o controle, a aquisição, o processamento e a apresentação de dados para a análise do usuário.
AVALIAÇÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO DOS(AS) MICRO E PEQUENOS(AS) EMPRESÁRIOS(AS) AFETADOS(AS) PELO DESASTRE DE MINERAÇÃO EM ÁREA URBANA: O CASO BRASKEM DE MACEIÓ-AL
Authors: Verde Marcelo Barros Lima , Rodrigues Diego Freitas
Published: May 2024

Quais são as principais percepções sobre o desastre socioambiental da mineração entre os micro e pequenos empresários dos bairros afetados pela subsidência do solo em Maceió, Alagoas? Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a percepção do desastre socioambiental provocado pela exploração do sal-gema em área urbana da cidade de Maceió/AL entre os micro e pequenos empresários que atuavam na região. A análise da percepção da mineração foi realizada através do uso de métodos mistos concomitantes. Inicialmente foi realizada a análise quantitativa através do levantamento das empresas a partir do banco de dados da Junta Comercial do Estado de Alagoas (JUCEAL), sendo identificadas mais de 9.000 empresas cadastradas. Em seguida, foram selecionadas as micro e pequenas empresas, excluindo os microempreendedores individuais (MEI’s) e as empresas inativas fechadas a partir do abalo sísmico em 2018. Assim, foram observadas 1.906 micro e pequenas empresas, distribuídas nos 4 bairros atingidos: Pinheiro, Bebedouro, Bom Parto e Mutange. Concomitantemente foram feitas análises qualitativas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas para 7 empresários das áreas afetadas. O desastre ambiental promovido pela mineração de sal-gema corroborou com perdas nas micro e pequenas empresas dos bairros atingidos. No bairro do Pinheiro, a diminuição do faturamento e dificuldade financeira acarretou o fechamento de inúmeras empresas e a perda de empregos. A insatisfação com o aluguel social pago pela mineradora Braskem e o comprometimento da saúde mental foi reportado pela maioria dos empresários.