bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New MEN2 Syndrome with Clinical Features of Both MEN2A and MEN2B Associated with a New RET Germline Deletion
Authors: Giani Carlotta , Ramone Teresa , Romei Cristina , Ciampi Raffaele , Tacito Alessia , Valerio Laura , Agate Laura , Ugolini Clara , Marinò Michele , Basolo Fulvio , Franchi Alessandro , Borsari Simona , Michelucci Angela , Selli Cesare , Materazzi Gabriele , Cetani Filomena , Elisei Rossella
Published: July 2020

Background. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by RET proto-oncogene mutation. Two different clinical variants of MEN2 are known (MEN2A and MEN2B): medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) almost always present and associated with pheochromocytoma (Pheo), and primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTH) in MEN2A and with Pheo and other nonendocrine diseases in MEN2B. Case Report. A 7-year-old girl, previously treated for a pelvic plexiform neurofibroma, arrived at our observation with a peculiar MEN2B syndrome and with HPTH. The neck ultrasound showed bilateral thyroid nodules, local lymph node lesions, and a suspicious left hyperplastic parathyroid. The CT scan showed a megacolon and described the persistence of the pelvic tumor. A new RET germline deletion in exon 11 (c.1892_1899delCGAGCT; p.Glu632_Leu633del) was found. She underwent total thyroidectomy, central compartment and latero-cervical lymph node dissection, and neck exploration for primary HPTH. The histology confirmed bilateral MTC, multiple lymph node metastases, a hyperplastic parathyroid, and a parathyroid adenoma. Conclusions. This is the first case of a complex syndrome characterized by peculiar features of MEN2B, without Pheo but with a pelvic plexiform neurofibroma and with HPTH, which is typical of MEN2A. A “de novo” new germline RET deletion located in exon 11 was found.
Influence Factors of Vibration Response on Supporting-Thrusting System of Tunnel Boring Machine
Authors: Mei Yongbing , Xia Yimin , Lin Laikuang , Cheng Yongliang , Qian Cong
Published: July 2020

A supporting-thrusting system is the main load-bearing component of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) and the centralization of vibration response under TBM working. This study combines the structure and working principle of the supporting-thrusting system. Based on the vibration theory and test results at a construction site, the main influence factors of the vibration response of the supporting-thrusting system are the main beam structure, the characteristic parameters of advance cylinder, and the support pressure to surrounding rock. Under the different influence factors, the vibration response of the supporting-thrusting system is calculated and analyzed via computer simulation. The results indicate that, under the equivalent input-load on the TBM and increase in the length of the front main beam, the vibration acceleration at the front area of the TBM increases. The change rate of vertical vibration will be maximum, while the vibration acceleration at the rear area of TBM decreases. When the structure size of the thrusting cylinder increases, the vibration acceleration on the main beam decreases and those of the gripper shoe and saddle frame increase. However, the response to the axis vibration is the most sensitive. As the horizontal support pressure to the surrounding rock increases, the vibration acceleration on supporting-thrusting system decreases. When the level of support pressure exceeds 1.6e4 kN, the vibration acceleration changes gradually. These results provide a reference for designing and operating TBM parameters.
Identification of Potential Prognostic Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Based on lncRNA‐TF‐Associated ceRNA Network and Functional Module
Authors: Li Xinrong , Zhu Junquan , Qiu Jian
Published: July 2020

Breast cancer leads to most of cancer deaths among women worldwide. Systematically analyzing the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and their functional modules may provide valuable insight into the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this study, we constructed a lncRNA‐TF‐associated ceRNA network via combining all the significant lncRNA‐TF ceRNA pairs and TF‐TF PPI pairs. We computed important topological features of the network, such as degree and average path length. Hub nodes in the lncRNA‐TF‐associated ceRNA network were extracted to detect differential expression in different subtypes and tumor stages of breast cancer. MCODE was used for identifying the closely connected modules from the ceRNA network. Survival analysis was further used for evaluating whether the modules had prognosis effects on breast cancer. TF motif searching analysis was performed for investigating the binding potentials between lncRNAs and TFs. As a result, a lncRNA‐TF‐associated ceRNA network in breast cancer was constructed, which had a scale‐free property. Hub nodes such as MDM4, ZNF410, AC0842-19, and CTB-89H12 were differentially expressed between cancer and normal sample in different subtypes and tumor stages. Two closely connected modules were identified to significantly classify patients into a low‐risk group and high‐risk group with different clinical outcomes. TF motif searching analysis suggested that TFs, such as NFAT5, might bind to the promoter and enhancer regions of hub lncRNAs and function in breast cancer biology. The results demonstrated that the synergistic, competitive lncRNA‐TF ceRNA network and their functional modules played important roles in the biological processes and molecular functions of breast cancer.
Preparation, Performance Test, and Microstructure of Composite Modified Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Hu Shi , Xu Ying
Published: July 2020

To investigate whether the compound modification means which mixes modified Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) aggregate and polypropylene fiber in concrete could gain “positive hybrid effect” and cope with more sophisticated engineering circumstances, four groups of test specimens were prepared: concrete doped with unmodified PVC aggregate, concrete doped with modified PVC aggregate, concrete doped with unmodified PVC aggregate and polypropylene fiber, and concrete doped with modified PVC aggregate and polypropylene fiber. The fiber content is 0.9 kg/m3, the modified solution content is 1 mol/L NaOH, and the replacement amount of PVC fine aggregate in replacement sand is 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. Mechanical property and durability tests were carried out to compare and analyze the measured compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, water absorption rate, and impact failure energy. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and XRD diffraction were used to analyze micromorphology and crystal structure of concrete. The test results demonstrate that as the content of PVC aggregate increases, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural tensile strength of the concrete decrease significantly, while the brittleness is improved. Meanwhile, the water absorption rate increases and the impact resistance shows an approximately linear increase trend. Under the same content of PVC aggregate, the most effective way to improve compressive strength is to use modified PVC aggregate. The rapid decrease of compressive strength caused by PVC aggregate can be effectively delayed by doping polypropylene fiber and modified PVC aggregate. Adding polypropylene fiber or using the modified PVC aggregate can improve the brittleness, tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and impact resistance, but they have different modification and reinforcement effects. The concrete prepared by doping polypropylene fiber and modified PVC aggregate has better performance in tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, brittleness, and impact resistance, and the water absorption and the compressive strength of the concrete are enhanced compared with the normal group. Therefore, composite modified reinforced concrete doped with modified PVC aggregate‐polypropylene fiber has broad application prospects.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Can Improve the Functional Capacity and Quality of Life for Pneumoconiosis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhao Hulei , Xie Yang , Wang Jiajia , Li Xuanlin , Li Jiansheng
Published: July 2020

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for pneumoconiosis. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, VIP databases and Wanfang Data from their inception to June 1, 2019. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PR for pneumoconiosis was conducted and reported in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed bias risk. All statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan software. Sixteen RCTs with 1307 subjects were ultimately included for analysis. Compared with routine treatment, PR was able to improve the 6‐minute walking distance (mean difference (MD) 69.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 61.95–76.25); the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey total score (MD 17.60, 95% CI 13.59–21.61); physical function score (MD 15.45, 95% CI 3.20–27.69); role physical score (MD 17.87, 95% CI 12.06–23.69); body pain score (MD 14.34, 95% CI 10.33–18.36); general health score (MD 20.86, 95% CI 16.87–24.84); vitality score (MD 11.66, 95% CI 0.18–23.13); social function score (MD 9.67, 95% CI 1.27–18.08); mental health score (MD 20.60, 95% CI 13.61–27.59); forced vital capacity (FVC) (MD 0.20, 95% CI 0.12–0.29); forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (MD 0.23, 95% CI 0.09–0.38); FEV1% (MD 5.19, 95% CI 1.48–8.90); maximal voluntary ventilation (MD 4.47, 95% CI 1.14–7.81); reduction in the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score (MD ‐9.60, 95% CI ‐16.40 to ‐2.80); and the modified Medical Research Council Scale score. Furthermore, PR did not increase the FEV1/FVC (MD 3.61, 95% CI ‐3.43 to 10.65), nor the emotional score (MD 6.18, 95% CI ‐23.01 to 35.38) compared with the control. We found no reports of adverse events associated with PR. Thus, to some extent, PR can improve functional capacity and quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because of high heterogeneity. This trial is registered with registration number CRD42018095266.
Coexistence of Multiple Points, Limit Cycles, and Strange Attractors in a Simple Autonomous Hyperjerk Circuit with Hyperbolic Sine Function
Authors: Fouodji Tsotsop M. , Kengne J. , Kenne G. , Tabekoueng Njitacke Z.
Published: July 2020

In this contribution, a new elegant hyperjerk system with three equilibria and hyperbolic sine nonlinearity is investigated. In contrast to other models of hyperjerk systems where either hidden or self-excited attractors are obtained, the case reported in this work represents a unique one which displays the coexistence of self-excited chaotic attractors and stable fixed points. The dynamic properties of the new system are explored in terms of equilibrium point analyses, symmetry and dissipation, and existence of attractors as well. Common analysis tools (i.e., bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents, and phase portraits) are used to highlight some important phenomena such as period-doubling bifurcation, chaos, periodic windows, and symmetric restoring crises. More interestingly, the system under consideration shows the coexistence of several types of stable states, including the coexistence of two, three, four, six, eight, and ten coexisting attractors. In addition, the system is shown to display antimonotonicity and offset boosting. Laboratory experimental measurements show a very good coherence with the theoretical predictions.
Restoration Methods of Respiratory Function for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Gu X. Y. , Ren S. , Shi Y. , Wang N. , Tong Z. H. , Cai M. L.
Published: July 2020

Respiratory dysfunction caused by high spinal cord injury is fatal damage. Three treatment methods commonly used in the clinic, diaphragm pacing, mechanical ventilation, and respiratory muscle training, were chosen to explain the respiratory function reconstruction of spinal cord injury. The characteristics, research status, advantages, and disadvantages of these three treatment methods are reviewed. Diaphragm pacing technology has attracted much attention due to its price-friendly, efficient, and closer to physiological respiration. Therefore, the emphasis is on describing the characteristics of the stimulation waveform of diaphragm pacing and the mathematical correspondence between stimulation parameters (pulse interval, inspiratory time, etc.) and tidal volume. Meanwhile, it also briefly introduces that for patients with SCI with poor diaphragm pacing, intercostal muscle pacing can be used as the second option to restore respiratory function. Also, the development of electronic technology has promoted the emergence of closed-loop diaphragm pacing technology. Finally, we propose that the method of respiratory function reconstruction after spinal cord injury should pay more attention to physiology and the safety of surgery.
An Extension of the Quadratic Error Function for Learning Imprecise Data in Multivariate Nonlinear Regression
Authors: Hounmenou Castro Gbêmêmali , Gneyou Kossi Essona , Glélé Kakaï Romain
Published: July 2020

Multivariate noises in the learning process are most of the time supposed to follow a standard multivariate normal distribution. This hypothesis does not often hold in many real-world situations. In this paper, we consider an approach based on multivariate skew-normal distribution. It allows for a multiple continuous variation from normality to nonnormality. We give an extension of the generalized least squares error function in a context of multivariate nonlinear regression to learn imprecise data. The simulation study and application case on real datasets conducted and based on multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLP) with bivariate continuous response and asymmetric revealed a significant gain in precision using the new quadratic error function for these types of data rather than using a classical generalized least squares error function having any covariance matrix.
Linking Environmental Exposures to Molecular Pathogenesis in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes
Authors: Moubadder Leah , McCullough Lauren E. , Flowers Christopher R. , Koff Jean L.
Published: July 2020

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, with about 60 subtypes that arise via various pathogenetic mechanisms. Although establishing etiology for specific NHL subtypes has been historically difficult given their relative rarity, environmental exposures have been repeatedly implicated as risk factors across many subtypes. Large-scale epidemiologic investigations have pinpointed chemical exposures in particular, but causality has not been established, and the exact biologic mechanisms underpinning these associations are unclear. Here we review chemical exposures that have been associated with development of NHL subtypes and discuss their biologic plausibility based on current research.
Tipifarnib as a Precision Therapy for HRAS-Mutant Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Gilardi Mara , Wang Zhiyong , Proietto Marco , Chillà Anastasia , Calleja-Valera Juan Luis , Goto Yusuke , Vanoni Marco , Janes Matthew R. , Mikulski Zbigniew , Gualberto Antonio , Molinolo Alfredo A. , Ferrara Napoleone , Gutkind J. Silvio , Burrows Francis
Published: July 2020

Tipifarnib is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (FTase). FTase catalyzes the posttranslational attachment of farnesyl groups to signaling proteins that are required for localization to cell membranes. Although all RAS isoforms are FTase substrates, only HRAS is exclusively dependent upon farnesylation, raising the possibility that HRAS-mutant tumors might be susceptible to tipifarnib-mediated inhibition of FTase. Here, we report the characterization of tipifarnib activity in a wide panel of HRAS-mutant and wild-type head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenograft models. Tipifarnib treatment displaced both mutant and wild-type HRAS from membranes but only inhibited proliferation, survival, and spheroid formation of HRAS-mutant cells. In vivo, tipifarnib treatment induced tumor stasis or regression in all six HRAS-mutant xenografts tested but displayed no activity in six HRAS wild-type patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Mechanistically, drug treatment resulted in the reduction of MAPK pathway signaling, inhibition of proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and robust abrogation of neovascularization, apparently via effects on both tumor cells and endothelial cells. Bioinformatics and quantitative image analysis further revealed that FTase inhibition induces progressive squamous cell differentiation in tipifarnib-treated HNSCC PDXs. These preclinical findings support that HRAS represents a druggable oncogene in HNSCC through FTase inhibition by tipifarnib, thereby identifying a precision therapeutic option for HNSCCs harboring HRAS mutations.
Concomitant Radiation Recall Dermatitis and Organizing Pneumonia following Breast Radiotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Liu I-Chia , Giap Fantine , Mailhot-Vega Raymond B. , Bradley Julie A. , Mendenhall Nancy P. , Okunieff Paul , Lu Li , Jantz Michael A. , Daily Karen , Spiguel Lisa , Lockney Natalie A.
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is a rare complication that occurs after completion of radiation therapy (RT) and initiation of a precipitating agent, most commonly chemotherapeutic medications. Various theories attempt to explain the mechanism, including activation of the body’s inflammatory pathways through nonimmune activation. Likewise, radiation-induced organizing pneumonia (RIOP) is an infrequent but potentially life-threatening complication of RT that, while not fully understood, is suspected to be partly an autoimmune reaction. Patient: We present the case of a 71-year-old female with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, interstitial cystitis, and osteoarthritis who presented with clinical stage T1N0M0 ER+/PR–/HER2– invasive ductal carcinoma of the lower outer quadrant of the left breast, for which she underwent left segmental mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy followed by completion axillary lymph node dissection. Her final pathologic stage was T1N1M0. Result: The patient developed RRD and later RIOP following receipt of radiation and chemotherapy, which resolved with steroid administration. Conclusions: The rarity of both RRD and RIOP occurring in a patient, as in our case, suggests a shared pathophysiology behind these two complications. As both reactions involve some degree of inflammation and respond to corticosteroids, it seems likely that the etiologies of RRD and RIOP lie within the inflammatory pathway. However, further investigation should evaluate the frequency, duration, and triggering of concomitant RRD and RIOP.
Social Influences on Food Avoidance in Lemur catta
Authors: McLendon Samantha , Amoroso Caroline R.
Published: July 2020

Previous primate research has demonstrated social learning related to accepting novel foods, but little evidence suggests social learning of food avoidance. Ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) have been observed to shake their heads rapidly in response to sour and bitter stimuli. This study investigated whether this head-shaking behavior may have a social function. The experiment presented a performing lemur with two items of the same type of fruit, one of which had been manipulated to take on a sour flavor, and the other which was not manipulated and served as a control. The performer could taste each of the stimuli while an observing lemur had the opportunity to watch the performer’s behavior from an adjacent enclosure. The observer was then presented with two stimuli with the same qualities. This study evaluated whether a preceding head-shaking reaction by the performer improved the success rate of the observer avoiding bitter stimuli to greater than chance. Our results reveal that following a head shake by the performer in response to the sour stimuli, observer avoidance of sour stimuli was statistically greater than chance, indicating that there may be social influences on food avoidance in this species. Further research should focus on confirming this effect and characterizing the full set of socially influential food reaction behaviors.
Vascular Protective Effects of Xanthotoxin and Its Action Mechanism in Rat Aorta and Human Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Cao Li-Hua , Lee Ho Sub , Quan Zhe-Shan , Lee Yun Jung , Jin Yu
Published: July 2020

Objective: Xanthotoxin (XAT) is a linear furanocoumarin mainly extracted from the plants Ammi majus L. XAT has been reported the apoptosis of tumor cells, anti-convulsant, neuroprotective effect, antioxidative activity, and vasorelaxant effects. This study aimed to investigate the vascular protective effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of XAT. Methods: XAT’s activity was studied in rat thoracic aortas, isolated with aortic rings, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results: XAT induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in a concentration-dependent manner in the isolated rat thoracic aortas. Removal of endothelium or pretreatment of aortic rings with L-NAME, 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]-quinoxalin-1-one, and wortmannin significantly inhibited XAT-induced relaxation. In addition, treatment with thapsigargin, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate, Gd3+, and 4-aminopyridine markedly attenuated the XAT-induced vasorelaxation. XAT increased nitric oxide production and Akt- endothelial NOS (eNOS) phosphorylation in HUVECs. Moreover, XAT attenuated the expression of TNF-α-induced cell adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin. However, this effect was attenuated by the eNOS inhibitors L-NAME and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Conclusions: This study suggests that XAT induces vasorelaxation through the Akt-eNOS-cGMP pathway by activating the KV channel and inhibiting the L-type Ca2+ channel. Furthermore, XAT exerts an inhibitory effect on vascular inflammation, which is correlated with the observed vascular protective effects.
The Effect of Home Country Natural Disasters on the Academic Outcomes of Immigrant Students in New York City
Authors: Laurito Agustina
Published: July 2020

This paper estimates the impact of home country natural disasters on the academic performance of immigrant students in New York City public schools. It provides credible evidence of these effects by exploiting the exogenous timing of natural disasters relative to testing dates in models with student fixed effects. Natural disasters in the home country lower immigrant students’ test scores in reading by 0.051 standard deviation, and by 0.028 standard deviation in mathematics. This paper provides strong evidence that the home country is an important out-of-school factor shaping immigrant students’ academic success and shows that children are affected by distal contexts in which they do not directly participate.
Hannah Arendt: Socratic Citizenship and Philosophical Critique
Authors: Villa Dana
Published: July 2020

In this essay I trace the relationship between philosophy and politics in Hannah Arendt’s work, with specific reference to the tension between her Socratic commitments and her appeal to “common sense” or sensus communis. I argue Arendt’s idea of a “common sense of the world” gives rise to a conception of the public realm that has too much shape and integrity to fit the often misty and particulate nature of contemporary reality. This is not the familiar critique of Arendt as a nostalgic Grecophile. Rather, it is a critique aimed at the phenomenological concept of “world” underlying her analysis. This concept—derived, but notably different, from Husserl’s and Heidegger’s respective conceptions—relies on background practices and understandings that are thick enough to sustain both a common public culture and a shared “sense of the world.” I suggest that Arendt’s appeal to a sensus communis runs aground of the moral and value pluralism that both Weber and Berlin have suggested are constitutive features of modernity. I conclude with some remarks on the relationship between Arendt’s critique of modernity and Socratic philosophical critique (on the one hand) and Frankfurt School Critical Theory (on the other).
The Pregnant Body and the Birth of the Other: Arendt’s Contribution to Original Ethics
Authors: Gaffney Jennifer
Published: July 2020

This paper examines Hannah Arendt’s contribution to recent debate concerning the urgency of Martin Heidegger’s original ethics. To this end, I turn to Arendt’s existential interpretation of birth as this takes shape in her discourse on the miracle. Though recent commentators have criticized Arendt’s emphasis on the miracle, I argue that she deepens a conversation about birth that Dennis Schmidt, following Jacques Derrida, has set in motion in his efforts to contribute to a more original ethics. Whereas Schmidt prioritizes the helplessness of the newborn, Arendt’s interpretation of the miracle suggests that birth reminds us not simply of our responsibility to help the helpless, but also of our responsibility to prepare the world for the incalculable possibilities of the newcomer. In this, I argue that Arendt brings into focus the ground of our responsibility to make space in the world for what cannot be reduced and decided on in advance by calculative procedure, thereby opening new paths to thinking the task of original ethics.
Book Reviews
Authors: Graaf H.J. , Hall D.G.E. , Heekeren H.R. , Sellnow Irmgard , Bosch F.D.K. , Lamb Alastair , Wengen G.D. , Moebirman  , Sierksma F. , Mylius Norbert , Sierksma F. , Renselaar H.C. , Sierksma F. , Baal J.
Published: July 2020

- H.J. de Graaf, D.G.E. Hall, Historians of South East Asia. Edited by D.G.E. Hall, Professor Emeritus of the History of S.E. Asia, London University. Historical Writing on the Peoples of Asia (II). Oxford University Press, London 1961. 355 pp. text. - H.R. van Heekeren, Irmgard Sellnow, Grundprinzipien einer Periodisierung der Urgeschichte. Deutsche Akadamie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Berlijn 1961. 497 blz., tabellen, geb. - F.D.K. Bosch, Alastair Lamb, Miscellaneous papers on early Hindu and Buddhist settlements in Northern Malaya and Southern Thailand. 90 pp., 23 figs., 117 pls.; Museums Dept., Federation of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 1961. - G.D. van Wengen, Moebirman, Wajang Purwa (Le jeu d’ombres d’Indonésie). 81 pp., 24 p. ills. Editions Ichtiar. Djakarta 1960. - F. Sierksma, Norbert Mylius, Antlitz und Geheimnis der überseeischen Maske. Eine Einführung in das Maskenwesen der Übersee. Wien 1961. 53 Seiten, 30 Bilder. - F. Sierksma, History of religions. An international journal for comparative historical studies. Vol. 1, nr. 2, Winter 1962. The University of Chicago Press. - H.C. van Renselaar, F. Sierksma, “Een nieuwe hemel en een nieuwe aarde”. Uitgeverij Mouton en Co, ‘s-Gravenhage 1962; 302 pp. - J. van Baal, Annali Lateranensi (Publicazione del Pontificio Museo Missionario Etnologico). Vol. XXIV (1960).
Book Reviews
Authors: Prins J. , Schoenaker H.C.G. , Neuteboom J.C. , Eidheim Harald , Claessen H.J.M. , Ottino Paul , Moyer David S. , Linton Adelin , Zantwijk R.A.M. , Gay Carlo J.E. , Emst P. , Maretin Yu. V. , Mierlo H. , Atlantische Commissie . , Banck Geert A. , Staniford Philip
Published: July 2020

- J. Prins, Buiten de grenzen, sociologische opstellen aangeboden aan Prof. Dr. W.F. Wertheim, benevens een “bibliografie van de geschriften van W.F. Wertheim”. Boom, Meppel 1971. 365 blz. - H.C.G. Schoenaker, Ethnologische Zeitschrift Zuerich I, 1972. Festschrift Alfred Steinmann. Verlag Herbert Lang & Cie A.G., Bern. 397 pp. - J.C. Neuteboom, Harald Eidheim, Aspects of the Lappish minority situation. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 1971. 86 pags. Fig. - H.J.M. Claessen, Paul Ottino, Rangiroa; parenté étendue, résidence et terres dans un atoll ploynésien. Editions Cujas. Paris 1972. 530 p. Bibl., appendices, 37 fig. en kaarten, registers. - David S. Moyer, Adelin Linton, Ralph Linton. Leaders of Modern Anthropological Series, American University Publishers Group. London 1971, pp. 196., C. Wagley (eds.) - R.A.M. van Zantwijk, Carlo J.E. Gay, Chalcacingo. Drawings by Frances Pratt. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt. Graz 1971. 119 blz., geïll., XXIV fotopag. - P. van Emst, Yu. V. Maretin, Countries and peoples of the East. Vol. XIII, Countries and peoples of the Pacific Basin. Book 2. Nauka Publishing House. Central Department of Oriental Literature. Moscow 1972. (Strany i narody vostoka. Pod obscej redakciej D.A. Ol’derogge. Vypusk XIII. Strany i narody bassejna Tichogo Okeana. Kniga 2.) - H. van Mierlo, Atlantische Commissie, De school en het buitenlands beleid IX. De internationale politieke vormingstaak van de school. Atlantische Commissie, Den Haag 1970, 56 blz. - Geert A. Banck, Philip Staniford, Pioneers in the tropics. The political organization of Japanese in an immigrant community in Brazil. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology no. 45. London; The Athlone Press. 1973. xvi + 201 pag.
Diversity of Galaxauraceae (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) in northeastern Brazil: new record and two new species, Dichotomaria viridis sp. nov. and Tricleocarpa laxa sp. nov.

Authors: DO NASCIMENTO SANTOS GABRIEL , DOS SANTOS PESTANA EDILENE MARIA , DOS SANTOS CIBELE CONCEIÇÃO , CASSANO VALÉRIA , DE CASTRO NUNES JOSÉ MARCOS
Published: July 2020

Many studies have focused on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the family Galaxauraceae with the use of molecular markers, allied to morphological taxonomy, providing a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within the family, as well assisting with the specific delimitation. For the Brazilian coast, Galaxauraceae has few studies with morphological taxonomy, but lack studies with a molecular focus. The diversity of Galaxauraceae was assessed in northeastern Brazil (Bahia state) using rbcL and COI-5P, as well as morpho-anatomical analyses. We report four species from Brazil: Dichotomaria huismanii (the first report for the Brazilian coast), D. obtusata, Galaxaura rugosa, and Tricleocarpa fragilis. Molecular and morphological data supported the establishment of two new species for Galaxauraceae: Tricleocarpa laxa sp. nov. and Dichotomaria viridis sp. nov. Tricleocarpa laxa formed a well-supported clade sister to T. natalensis (South Africa, type locality) and T. cylindrica (Australia) in both rbcL and COI-5P analyses, whereas Dichotomaria viridis, formed a moderate clade sister to D. huismanii. The Brazilian sequences of D. huismanii grouped with sequences from the type locality (Bermuda) showing no intraspecific divergence for rbcL, and very low divergence values for COI-5P. The record of D. huismanii in Brazil expands its geographical distribution to the South Atlantic Ocean. Male plants are described for the first time for this species. Even though our results are restricted to a region of northeastern Brazil (Bahia), they clearly revealed a hidden diversity of Galaxauraceae in Brazil.
Demoulinia Gillies 1990 and two unnamed genera of the plesiomorphon Protopatellata (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa
Authors: KLUGE NIKITA J.
Published: July 2020

Larvae, subimagines, imagines of both sexes and eggs of Demoulinia crassi (Demoulin 1971) are described based on reared specimens from South Africa. Newly revealed characters testify that Demoulinia Gillies 1990 belongs to the plesiomorphon Protopatellata. Demoulinia includes two species, the South African species D. crassi and the Madagascar species D. insularis Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty 1998 (= D. assimilis Gattolliat 2003 syn. n.). Larvae of these two species differ in structure of claws and paraprocts; imagines and eggs are described for D. crassi only. Larvae of two unnamed species of Protopatellata from South Africa are briefly described and figured; possibly, one of them belongs to africanum [Cloeon], which is the type species Austrocloeon Barnard 1932.
A new species of the Daphnia sinevi group (Crustacea: Cladocera: Daphniidae) from Sakhalin Island, Russian Far East
Authors: GARIBIAN PETR G. , KOTOV ALEXEY A.
Published: July 2020

Daphnia curvirostris species complex is a cladoceran group (Crustacea: Cladocera) with maximum diversity in Eastern Palearctic. To date, several representatives of this complex are known from the Russian Far East. Here we describe a new species of the Daphnia sinevi species group from water bodies of Sakhalin Island. Morphology of its parthenogenetic females is similar to that in D. sinevi from the continental part of Asian Eurasia. However, we found diagnostic traits of D. sakhalinensis sp.nov. in morphology of the second pecten on postabdominal claw, armature of seta 2 on exopodite III, proportions of setae 1/ and 2 length on exopodite V, relative length of male rostrum and structure of the second pecten of male postabdominal claw. This work contributes to our full revision of the D. curvirostris species complex. Separation between continental and Sakhalin populations of D. sinevi group probably happened in Pliocene (about 5 MA) when Sakhalin began to separate from the mainland. However, we cannot exclude a version that populations of D. sakhalinensis sp.nov. appeared as a result of colonization of Sakhalin from the continent and further independent evolution of the island populations.
Analysis of Physiological Signals of Individuals with Eyes Closed Subjected to Unexpected Direction-Specific Stimuli Causing Instability
Authors: Shin Sunhye , Un Hong Chul , Kim Kyong , Kwon Tae Kyu
Published: July 2020

Research regarding the cerebral cortex and muscle activity patterns of the body used for postural balance control when sudden instability stimuli occur is lacking. This study analyzed individuals' physiological signals when direction-specific instability stimuli were applied while their
eyes were closed. Healthy adults in their 20s maintained their postural balance while looking at the center of gravity provided by a monitor with a three-dimensional dynamic postural balance training system. We performed electroencephalography (EEG) and measured trunk and lower extremity muscle
activity of participants with their eyes closed when subjected to four direction-specific instability stimuli (anterior, posterior, left, and right). EEG results showed that gamma waves increased significantly with an unbalanced stimulus when the participant's eyes were open and closed. The
increased gamma wave rate with eyes closed was low in the exercise planning area, where information is relatively integrated and exercise is planned without visual information. EMG results showed fewer gamma waves on EEG due to the low focus on postural control because participants could not
observe the center of gravity, which is the basis for balance. The trunk and lower extremity muscles tended to be used more due to the larger body perturbation angle. These outcomes can be used as basic data regarding how the human brain and muscles maintain postural balance when an unexpected
external instability stimulus occurs. Quantitative postural balance rehabilitation training protocols for the elderly and those with disabilities can be created based on these outcomes.
Aggregated Deep Global Feature Representation for Breast Cancer Histopathology Image Classification
Authors: Zhang Jianxin , Wei Xiangguo , Dong Jing , Liu Bin
Published: July 2020

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), successfully used in a great number of medical image analysis applications, have also achieved the state-of-the-art performance in breast cancer histopathology image (BCHI) classification problem recently. However, due to the large varieties among
within-class images and insufficient data volume, it is still a challenge to obtain more competitive results by using deep CNN models alone. In this paper, we aim to explore the combination of CNN models with a milestone feature representation method in visual tasks, i.e., vector of locally
aggregated descriptors (VLAD), for the BCHI classification, and further propose a novel aggregated deep global feature representation (ADGFR) for this problem. ADGFR adopts the deep features that are extracted from the fully connected layer to form an individual descriptor vector, and augments
input images to generate different descriptors for achieving the final aggregated descriptor vector. The individual descriptor vector can effectively keep the global features of benign and malignant image, whose discriminability is further reinforced by the aggregate operation, leading to
the more discriminant capability of ADGFR for BCHI. Extensive experiments on the public Break His dataset illuminate that our ADGFR can achieve the optimal classification accuracies of 95.05% at image level and 95.50% at patient level, respectively.
Segmentation of Gliomas Based on a Double-Pathway Residual Convolution Neural Network Using Multi-Modality Information
Authors: Pan Mingyuan , Shi Yonghong , Song Zhijian
Published: July 2020

The automatic segmentation of brain tumors in magnetic resonance (MR) images is very important in the diagnosis, radiotherapy planning, surgical navigation and several other clinical processes. As the location, size, shape, boundary of gliomas are heterogeneous, segmenting gliomas and
intratumoral structures is very difficult. Besides, the multi-center issue makes it more challenging that multimodal brain gliomas images (such as T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and T1c images) are from different radiation centers. This paper presents a multimodal, multi-scale,
double-pathway, 3D residual convolution neural network (CNN) for automatic gliomas segmentation. In the pre-processing step, a robust gray-level normalization method is proposed to solve the multi-center problem, that the intensity range from deferent centers varies a lot. Then, a doublepathway
3D architecture based on DeepMedic toolkit is trained using multi-modality information to fuse the local and context features. In the post-processing step, a fully connected conditional random field (CRF) is built to improve the performance, filling and connecting the isolated segmentations
and holes. Experiments on the Multimodal Brain Tumor Segmentation (BRATS) 2017 and 2019 dataset showed that this methods can delineate the whole tumor with a Dice coefficient, a sensitivity and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.88, 0.89 and 0.88, respectively. As for the segmentation
of the tumor core and the enhancing area, the sensitivity reached 0.80. The results indicated that this method can segment gliomas and intratumoral structures from multimodal MR images accurately, and it possesses a clinical practice value.
Performance Analysis of Glioma Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Ridgelet Transform and Co-Active Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Expert System Methodology
Authors: Saravanan S. , Thirumurugan P.
Published: July 2020

Objective: The Glioma brain tumor detection and segmentation methods are proposed in this paper using machine learning approaches. The primary objective of this paper is to provide high level of tumor region segmentation using optimization and machine learning techniques. Methods:
The boundary edge pixels are detected using Kirsch's edge detectors and then contrast adaptive histogram equalization method is applied on the edge detected pixels. Then, Ridgelet transform is applied on this enhanced brain image in order to obtain the Ridgelet multi resolution coefficients.
Further, features are derived from the Ridgelet transformed coefficients and the features are optimized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and these optimized features are classified into Glioma or non-Glioma brain images using Co-Active Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Expert System (CANFES)
classifier. Results: The proposed method with PCA and CANFES classification approach obtains 97.6% of sensitivity (Se), 98.56% of Specificity (sp), 98.73% of Accuracy (Acc), 98.85% of Precision (Pr), 98.11% of False Positive Rate (FPR) and 98.185 of False Negative Rate (FNR), then the
proposed Glioma brain tumor detection method using CANFES classification approach only.
Geometric characteristics and tooth modification for variable speed pinion–rack drive
Authors: Zheng Fangyan , Han Xinghui , Man Xu , Hua Lin
Published: July 2020

Variable speed steering system has been used by cars of various brands, including BMW and Toyota, with the purpose of improving the stationarity and controllability of the vehicle. Until now, relevant investigations are focused on the theory and traditional application, while the geometric characteristics and tooth modification for the rack are left untouched upon, hindering the prospect of a wider application. Focusing on this, the paper synthesizes the mathematical model, geometry characteristics, and tooth modification method for the variable pinion–rack drive. The major contributions lie in the contact analysis and the modification methodology for the pinion–rack drive, which combined forms a solid foundation for the application that has never been discussed.
The predictive value of serum procalcitonin level as a prognostic marker for outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients
Authors: Shin Hyungoo , Lee Yoonje , Choi Hyuk Joong , Kim Changsun ,   for the Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Consortium (KoCARC) Investigators
Published: July 2020

Background:

Patients who have successful return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest may experience post-cardiac arrest syndrome. Procalcitonin can be used to assess the severity of post-cardiac arrest syndrome. The association between procalcitonin and outcomes in Asian patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome has not been extensively studied.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of serum procalcitonin level in the prognosis of patients hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods:

A retrospective observational study using the multicenter Korean Cardiac Arrest Research Consortium registry between October 2015 and June 2018 was performed. Serum procalcitonin level at the early phase of hospital presentation was obtained from the patients hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. In-hospital mortality and neurologic outcomes at hospital discharge were estimated. The relationship between serum procalcitonin level and in-hospital mortality and neurologic outcomes of patients was analyzed.

Results:

A total of 254 patients hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were included. Serum procalcitonin level was significantly elevated in non-survivors compared to survivors (0.17 (0.05–0.18) ng/dL vs. 0.10 (0.05–0.39) ng/dL, p = 0.017, respectively). In addition, serum procalcitonin level was significantly elevated in patients with unfavorable outcomes at hospital discharge compared to those with favorable outcomes (0.16 (0.06–1.10) ng/dL vs. 0.07 (0.04–0.22) ng/dL, p < 0.001, respectively). However, serum procalcitonin level had a weak predictive value for in-hospital mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.587, 95% confidence interval: 0.517–0.657, p = 0.017, cut-off = 0.12 ng/dL, specificity = 57.4%) and unfavorable outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.646, 95% confidence interval: 0.571–0.721, p < 0.001, cut-off = 0.11 ng/dL, specificity = 62.3%).

Conclusion:

Elevated serum procalcitonin level in patients hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest at the early phase of hospital presentation is associated with poor outcomes. However, serum procalcitonin level had weak diagnostic accuracy for predicting in-hospital mortality and unfavorable outcomes.
Qualitative Inquiry: A Key Element for Assessing the Social Impact of Research
Authors: Sordé Martí Teresa , Flecha Ramon , Rodríguez José Antonio , Bosch José Luis Condom
Published: July 2020

The need to develop adequate methodologies to comprehensively assess the impact of research, especially the social impact of European Union (EU)-funded research, is one of the main concerns within the European Commission as well as for EU citizens, who are more active than ever. This article discusses the rationale behind using a qualitative approach to better address these concerns. Drawing on the FP7 IMPACT-EV research project, the present article discusses how to overcome a positivist approach that evaluates the social impact of research conducted only for its economic objectives and using only quantitative data. The focus on what is needed and what research is expected to bring to society are emphasized and made possible through qualitative inquiry of the social impact of the EU social sciences and the humanities (SSH) research. Thus, the development of qualitative-based analysis of the social impact of research is increasingly required to be conducted in dialogue with citizens.
Repeated Concussions Impair Behavioral and Neurophysiological Changes in the Motor Learning System
Authors: Cantarero Gabriela , Choynowski Jake , St. Pierre Maria , Anaya Manuel , Statton Matthew , Stokes William , Capaldi Vincent , Chib Vikram , Celnik Pablo
Published: July 2020

Background. Concussions affect nearly 3 million people a year and are the leading cause of traumatic brain injury–related emergency department visits among youth. Evidence shows neuromotor regions are sensitive to concussive events and that motor symptoms may be the earliest clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative traumatic brain injuries. However, little is known about the effects repeated concussions play on motor learning. Namely, how does concussion acuity (time since injury) affect different behavioral and neurophysiological components of motor learning? Methods. Using a 3-pronged approach, we assessed (1) behavioral measures of motor learning, (2) neurophysiological measures underlying retention of motor learning known as occlusion, and (3) quantitative survey data capturing affective symptoms of each participant. Collegiate student athletes were stratified across 3 groups depending on their concussion history: (1) NonCon, no history of concussion; (2) Chronic, chronic-state of concussion (>1 year postinjury), or (3) Acute, acute state of concussion (<2 weeks postinjury). Results. We found that athletes in both the acute and chronic state of injury following a concussion had impaired retention and aberrant occlusion in motor skill learning as compared with athletes with no history of concussion. Moreover, higher numbers of previous concussions (regardless of the time since injury) correlated with more severe behavioral and neurophysiological motor impairments by specifically hindering neurophysiological mechanisms of learning to affect behavior. Conclusions. These results indicate the presence of motor learning impairment that is evident within 2 weeks postinjury. Our findings have significant implications for the prognosis of concussion and emphasize the need for prevention, but can also direct more relevant rehabilitation treatment targets.
Ground motion prediction equations for Arias Intensity using the Kik-net database
Authors: Bahrampouri Mahdi , Rodriguez-Marek Adrian , Green Russell A
Published: July 2020

In seismic design, intensity measures are selected on the basis of how well these parameters correlate with the damage caused by earthquakes and on our ability to predict these intensity measures for a given earthquake scenario. As an index for the energy content of ground motions, Arias Intensity has proved to be efficient in several applications, including the prediction of earthquake-induced slope failure and damage in structures, and to a lesser extent liquefaction triggering. In this article, the Kiban-Kyoshin network (KiK)-net database is used to present ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for Arias Intensity of shallow crustal and subduction zone earthquakes. The proposed GMPEs are applicable for M 4-9. The predictive models incorporate the average shear-wave velocity over the upper 30 meters (VS30) for the prediction of site effects. The proposed relationships include additional attenuation for paths that cross the volcanic fronts and different attenuation for forearc and backarc regions of Japan.