bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal gungal (AMF) spores isolated from the rhizosphere of papaya and other different cropping systems in Central Kenya
Authors: Muiruri Jacinta , Rimberia Fredah K. , Mwashasha Mwajita R. , Kavoo Agnes
Published: May 2022

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), obligate symbionts, are important in the majority of cultivated plant species in colonizing roots and supporting plant growth in adverse climatic conditions. However, the abundance and quality of mycorrhizal colonization is affected by land-use types, cropping systems and climate change. On the other hand, rhizospheric mycorrhizae present in rhizospheric soils can be isolated for enhancing plant performance. One such opportunity arises in the acclimatization of seedlings for adaptation to depleted field conditions. Isolation and characterization of rhizospheric AMF species is important in evaluating the efficiency of colonization especially in plants that have not been previously evaluated such as papaya, which is well known for its high nutritive value. In this study, soils were sampled from grass, banana and papaya plants’rhizosphere, from three different papaya growing regions in Kenya; Mwea, Mitunguu and Juja. Spores were isolated using the sucrose method. Spore abundance was done using a gridded Petri dish and morphologically characterized using the International Culture Collection of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (INVAM) database. At least 4 families, 10 genera and 41 species of glomeromycota phylum were isolated from the 3 sampling sites. The families of glomeraceae (16 species) and acaulosporaceae (14 species) dominated in Juja and Mwea Sub Counties. Glomus spp. isolated from the rhizosphere of banana and grass plants were the most abundant, at p≤0.05, in Juja while Diversispora spp (diversisporaceae) was the least abundant, at p≤0.05. Mwea Sub County had the most spore abundance, at p≤0.05, compared to Mitunguu and Juja. Mycorrhizal spores isolated from the grass family were the most abundant, at p≤0.05, (Mwea, 41; Juja, 37; Mitunguu, 35.2) as opposed to banana and papaya plants. The results showed that AMF spore abundance and diversity varies with different locations and the associating plants.
Factors affecting production and market performance of Guinea fowls and Quails in Kenya
Authors: Kwesisi Victor , Ogada Stephen , Kuria Stephen , Oloko Margaret , Oyier Philip , Malaki Phillista , Ndiema Emmanuel , Obanda Vincent , Agwanda Bernard , Ngeiywa Kisa-Juma , Lichoti Jacqueline , Ommeh Sheila
Published: May 2022

Emerging livestock like guinea fowls and quails are important alternative sources of poultry meat and eggs to chicken. These poultry species are also a significant source of income, especially to poor rural farmers. The study surveyed selected regions of Kenya to determine the factors influencing market performance of guinea fowl and quail products. A total of 652 guinea fowl and quail farmers participated in the study through interviews and filling questionnaires. Data was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative procedures where descriptive statistics were conducted by calculating frequencies and percentages. The results identified the main stakeholders in the guinea fowl and quail value chain that play a significant role in influencing their market performance. This study reveals that product, market, capital, technology and disease interrelation factors positively influence the market performance of guinea fowl and quail products. Therefore, we recommend that the involved relevant stakeholders should establish mechanisms that will streamline and improve guinea fowl and quail farming thereby making it sustainable and profitable for Kenyan farmers.
Clinical and haematological determinants of outcome among children with cerebral malaria in a tertiary centre in Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Ayobami Oyetunji , Ojuawo Ayedele , Onigbinde Michael Olaniyan , Joel-Medewase Victor Idowu , Alabi Grace Olukemi
Published: May 2022

Background: Many cl inicaland haematological changes occur as a result of severe malaria, of which cerebral malaria (CM) is a common entity. These changes affect virtually all organs and systems of the body. We identify various clinical and haematological determinants of outcome in CM so as to institute proactive management of such children.                      Methods: All children who met World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria for CM over 8 month-period were prospectively studied. The presenting symptoms and its duration, detailed physical examination and laboratory parameters were obtained. Logistic regression was employed to determine the prognostic significance of various clinical and laboratory parameters. Outcome indicators were full recovery, alive with neurological sequelae or death of the children.Results: Of the 892 children admitted into the Children Emergency Unit (CEU) over the study period, 50 (5.6%) had CM with M: F ratio of 1:1 and age range of 6 months to 12 years. Sixty percent were aged less than 5 years. The defining symptoms were fever (100%), coma (100%) and convulsion (98%). Forty-one (82%) patients survived, while nine (18%) died. Of the 41 survivors, 30 (73.2%) recovered fully, while 11 (26.8%) had neurological deficits at discharge.Identified clinical and laboratory predictors of mortality and neurological sequelae in CM included Blantyre coma score of 0-2(p = 0.018) prolonged coma recovery time > 26 hours (p =0.026), abnormal breathing pattern (p = 0.0124), absent corneal reflex (p = 0.012), absent pupillary reflex (p = 0.012), depressed tendon reflex (p = 0.028), hyperreflexia (p =0.014), retinal haemorrhage (p =0.001), duration of admission (p=0.000), hyper parasitaemia (p=0.001), hypoglycemia (p= 0.014) and leucocytosis (p = 0.008). Independent determinants of immediate post-recovery neurological deficits and death were hyper-parasitaemia (OR = 8.657, p = 0.017.) and leucocytosis (OR = 1.090; p = 0.035Conclusion: CM is a potentially reversible encephalopathy associated with high mortality and sequelae. Affected children with the above listed clinical / haematological parameters especially hyperparasitemia and leucocytosis should be given proactive management to improve the outcome.
Use of serum levels of selected enzymes as a supportive tool in assessing severity of birth asphyxia in low resource setting
Authors: Ogundele Tolulope , Oseni Saheed B , Owa Joshua A
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Severe birth asphyxia is one of the reasons why babies are admitted into the newborn unit and contributing significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Hypoxic injury, when severe, leads to leakage of intracellular enzymes into the circulation. The level of these enzymes reflects the severity of the damage; this can identify babies with a severe injury, especially the out borns whose deliveries were not supervised. This study aimed to relate the serum levels of three enzymes at the age of twelve hours to the severity of birth asphyxia using the Apgar score and neurological state of the babies.Methods: A prospective comparative cross-sectional study. Term babies with Apgar score ˂ 7 at 1-minute of life were recruited, scores of 0-3 were taken as severe birth asphyxia. Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, were determined at the age of 12 hours using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Levels of the enzymes were related to the severity of birth asphyxia. SPSS for Windows, version 18 was used to analyse the dataResults: Seventy babies with birth asphyxia and 70 controls were studied. Fifteen (41.7%) of the 36 babies with severe birth asphyxia had hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, four (5.7%) of which died. The mean values of each of the enzymes were higher in babies with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy than in those without (p = 0.001), and in babies that died than babies that survived (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Estimation of these enzymes clearly defines the severity of hypoxic injury in babies with birth asphyxia. The estimation of these enzymes will be a useful tool in identifying babies with birth asphyxia especially in outborns whose deliveries were not supervised.
Paediatric endocrine disorders at a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Akinola Ibironke Jadesola , Afiemo Akpojeme Ovwighuo , Ubuane Peter Odion , Odusote Olatunde Adegboyega
Published: May 2022

Background: The global increase in paediatric endocrine disorders (PED) is thought to be a result of multiple factors including changing lifestyles, environmental pollution and increasing awareness and diagnostic capabilities. Studies on the prevalence of paediatric endocrine disorders in the developing world are few. A preliminary audit of PED at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital two years ago revealed type 1 diabetes mellitus as the commonest diagnosis. Since then many more children with PED continue to be referred from various centres.Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the burden and pattern paediatric endocrine disorders over a three-year period.Subjects and Methods: Records of patients who presented in the paediatric endocrine unit between March 2017 and March 2020 were reviewed and relevant data on age at presentation, sex and diagnosis were extracted.Results: A total of 172 patients representing 0.45% of the total paediatric patients seen within the period. There were more females 90(52.3%) than males 79(45.9%) and three patients (1.7%) presented with disorders of sexual differentiation. Age of presentation ranged between 11 days and 16 years with mean of 6.27 ± 4.5 years. The commonest groups of endocrine disorders were disorders of pancreas/lipids-diabetes (n=33, 19.2%), pubertal disorders (n=25, 14.5%) and thyroid disorders (n=24, 14.0%).Conclusion: Our unit witnessed a comparatively larger case-load of PEDs compared to earlier reports from other parts of Nigeria. Diabetes mellitus, pubertal and thyroid disorders constituted the commonest paediatric endocrine disorders encountered.
Childhood cancer in Nigeria: The effect of a handbook in the experiences of caregivers
Authors: Adedayo Joseph , Adeseye Akinsete , Adegboyega Bolanle , Awofeso Opeyemi , Jimoh Mutiu , Habeebu Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Background: Parents of children diagnosed with cancer are handed a frightening diagnosis, with attendant emotional, social, and financial challenges. They often have many questions that remain unanswered by busy doctors and nurses, who are themselves overwhelmed by the challenges of caring for cancer patients in resource-constrained circumstances. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of a childhood cancer handbook on the experience of caregivers of children diagnosed with paediatric cancer in Nigeria.Methodology: A series of focus group discussions involving caregivers of children with histologically diagnosed cancer were held. A childhood cancer handbook was given to each participant to read. Data was collected four weeks later and analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: In general, 91.7% of focus group participants reported that they found the handbook useful and having it at diagnosis would have significantly increased their level of information and made dealing with the diagnosis more tolerable. However, many of the participants reported that while the book completely catered to their informational and emotional needs, it did not adequately address certain practical needs such as paying for cancer treatment.Conclusion: Many Nigerian families go through the entire paediatric cancer journey, feeling like they are stumbling in the dark. No dedicated information resource on paediatric cancer exists in Nigeria. The provision of a detailed handbook at diagnosis may reduce the psychological and emotional toll of a cancer diagnosis on parents and family of a child diagnosed with cancer.
Zinc function in childhood brain
Authors: Asindi Asindi A. , Torty Chimaeze
Published: May 2022

Zinc is essential in the metabolic activities in the body including protein, DNA and RNA synthesis. It plays a role in neurogenesis, maturation, and migration of neurons and in synapse formation. Zinc is high in the hippocampal neurons which is involved in learning and memory. Deficiency of zinc during pregnancy has been related to many congenital abnormalities of the foetal nervous system. Furthermore insufficient levels of zinc in children is associated with lowered learning ability, apathy, lethargy and mental retardation. Maternal deficiency of zinc during lactation has been associated with impairment of infant brain development. Zinc status in mother and child can be assessed by measurement of zinc in plasma; zinc deficiency can be corrected with appropriate diet and zinc supplements. Red meat, poultry items, oysters, cashew nuts and almonds are rich sources of zinc.
Aetiology of neonatal jaundice in apparently well late-preterm and term neonates at a mission hospital, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Alao Michael Abel , Olasinde Yetunde Toyin , Gbadero Daniel Adedosu , Tongo Olukemi Oluwatoyin , Adeleke Olumide Thomas , Slusher Tina Marye
Published: May 2022

Background: The knowledge of the aetiology for neonatal jaundice is important in the early detection and effective management of infants with or at risk of severe jaundice before hospital discharge. This study assessed the aetiological factors of neonatal jaundice among apparently well late preterm and termnewborns to ensure timely intervention where these risk factors exist.Method: This was a cross sectional study involving 174 apparently well neonates at a tertiary mission hospital. Detailed history, physical examination, relevant haematological and biochemical tests were undertaken. Significant jaundice was defined as serum bilirubin greater than 2 standard deviations above the postnatal age and weight dependent treatment concentration.Results: Of the 844 neonates admitted into the neonatal care unit, 174 (20.6%) had significant jaundice. Median age at presentation was 3 days (95% CI of median 3-4days). The mean ±SD gestation age and birth weight of the neonates at recruitment were 38.1±1.6 weeks and 3.1± 0.5kg respectively. Males were 108 (62.4%; M: F.1.6.1). The mean ±SD total serum bilirubin was 13.9±4.7mg/dl. Significant jaundice was more common with maternal-baby concordant paired blood group of AA, O-O compared with discordant materno-baby group pairs. Of the known causes of significant neonatal jaundice, G6PD deficiency (57-38.5%) ranked topmost. Half (87-50.0%) of the causes of significant jaundice were unidentified.Conclusion : G6PD deficiency remains the leading aetiology for significant neonatal jaundice. G6PD screening should be mandated before hospital discharge, compatible mother-baby blood group pairs do not rule the risk for significant jaundice; further research is required to elucidate other inherent unidentified aetiologies.
Effectiveness and tolerability of standardized milk based, standardized non-milk based and hospital-based formulations in the management of moderate acute malnutrition in under-five children: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Udoh Ekong E. , Nwazuluoke Blessing N. , Bassey Victor E. , Motilewa Olugbemi O. , Ejemot-Nwadiaro Regina I. , Meremikwu Martin M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction : Moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is a leading cause of under-five morbidity and mortality globally. Supplementary feeding is a strategy recommended by WHO for managing the condition.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of standardized milk-based formulation (SMBF), standardized non-milk based formulation (SNMBF) and hospital-based formulation (HBF) in under-fives with MAM.Method: This was an open label randomized clinical trial in which eligible children aged 6 – 59 months with MAM were assigned to receive the SMBF, SNMBF or HBF at 50% of their daily caloric requirement with their regular family diet for four months. Their baseline characteristics and anthropometric indices were noted. They were followed up on two weekly basis during which further assessments were performed. The analysis for effectiveness and tolerability of the formulations were based on “per protocol”.Results: A total of 687 children were screened and 188 enrolled. Seventy children received SMBF, 63 received SNMBF while 55 received HBF. There were 54/70 (77.1%), 57/64 (89.1%) and 46/55 (83.6%) evaluable participants in the SMBF, SNMBF and HBF group respectively. Recovery from MAM was 43/54 (79.6%), 40/57 (70.2%) and 32/46 (69.6%) in the SMBF, SNMBF and HBF group respectively. Normal nutritional status was attained by 13 (24.0%), 10 (17.6%) and 5 (10.9%) children in the SMBF, SNMBF and HBF group respectively. Diarrhea and skin rashes were the main features of poor tolerability.Conclusions: The formulations were effective in managing MAM in childhood but the SMBF was the most effective. Diarrhea and skin rashes were the main features of poor tolerability.
Caregivers’ vector control methods and its effect on malaria infection in febrile children presenting in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Nwaneli E Ifeyinwa
Published: May 2022

Background: Malaria is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Several efforts are being made to reduce its prevalence and morbidity in Nigerian children with emphasison vector control measures.Methods: This was acrosssectional descriptive study conducted on 382 febrile children seen at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria over an eight-month period. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic, vector control measures and care given to the subjects. Investigations conducted included malaria microscopy and total leukocyte count.Results: Eighty percent (308/382) employed at least one vector controlmeasures to prevent malaria infection, and majority 232 (75.2%) use only one control measure. The commonest control measures used included always keeping doors and windows shut 298 (96.7%) and/or netted 280 (90.9%), use of conventional insecticide sprays 183 (59.4%), use of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) 178 (57.8%) and ensuring child sleeps at night with body adequately covered 77(25%). Approximately half (178/315) of households who owned ITN used it, and only 40.4% (72/178) used it daily. It was noted that children that slept under an insecticide treated bed net (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.94; P=0.029) and those who slept well covered at night (RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.12-0.61; P=0.002) had less risk of malaria infection. The use insecticide treated bed net however lost significance following adjustment for other control measures used and socio-demographic factors of interest (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.36-1.10;P=0.101).Conclusion: There is need to intensify education on appropriate malaria control measures especially proper use of insecticide-treated nets and suitable clothing during sleep at night.
Assessment of knowledge on Lassa fever disease among caregivers presenting to a tertiary Institution in a Lassa fever endemic region, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Orji Maria-Lauretta Chito , Obu Dorathy Chinwe , Asiegbu Uzoma Vivian
Published: May 2022

Background: Lassa fever disease is an infectious disease with high case fatality occurring in countries in West, Central, and East Africa. It is endemic in Nigeria and Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria. Knowledge of the cause, mode of transmission, and clinical presentations are invaluable in disease prevention and control.Objective: The study was therefore aimed at assessing the level of knowledge of Lassa fever disease among caregivers that presented at children out-patient in a tertiary hospital in Ebonyi State.Methods: It was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out within 6 months (May-October 2018 ) . An Interviewer - administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographics and level of knowledge on Lassa fever disease.Results: Although 356 (92.7%) of the 384 respondents have heard of Lassa fever disease, only 205 (53.4%) had good knowledge of the disease. The mean age of participants was 33.22 ± 7.53; male to female ratio 1:2.4. Respondents within 36 and 45 years were rated highest (65.0%) in good knowledge of the disease. More males (61.9%) than females (49.8%) knew about Lassa fever disease. Similarly, caregivers (67.7%) from the upper socioeconomic class had better knowledge of the disease compared to 43.0% observed among their colleagues in the lower socioeconomic class. There were significant relationships between knowledge of Lassa fever disease and age (p= 0.026), gender (p=0.030), and socio-economic class (p< 0.001).Conclusion: There is a huge gap in knowledge of Lassa fever disease among participants especially among female caregivers and those of lower socio-economic class. Public enlightenment on Lassa fever disease should be intensified in these groups of people
Fomento de la lactancia materna: evaluación de una estrategia multidisciplinaria.
Authors: De la Parra-López Ashley , Jiménez-Peñafiel Gustavo , Hernández de la Cruz Citlali , N. Peón Alberto , Gómez-Ramírez Karla
Published: May 2022

La lactancia materna es una actividad nutricional esencial para el desarrollo de los lactantes, no sólo por las cualidades nutrimentales de la leche materna, que son óptimas pero difícilmente sustituibles, sino también por las cualidades inmunomodulatorias de dicho producto, que resultan insustituibles. Sin embargo, la lactancia materna es una actividad amenazada por tendencias modernas y falta de difusión de las técnicas adecuadas. En el presente artículo presentamos un protocolo de evaluación de un taller integral de divulgación de las técnicas y los fundamentos adecuados para la lactancia materna que se ofrecerá en la Sociedad Española de Beneficencia A.C.
UMA ANÁLISE DECOLONIAL E ÉTICA SOBRE VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO NOS POVOS INDÍGENAS
Authors: Oliveira Carla Renata Milhomem de , Bezerra Letícia Sant’ Ana , Verbicaro Soares Douglas
Published: May 2022

A discussão sobre gênero e violência nas comunidades indígenas é um desafio em virtude das diferentes formas que os povos indígenas vêem as relações sociais e que aplicam sanções. Assim, discutir as questões de gênero dessas comunidades só será possível a partir da perspectiva da complexidade, envolvendo o feminismo decolonial e o interculturalismo. As respostas para tais questões de gênero serão dadas a partir do protagonismo das mulheres indígenas, através de uma linguagem formal e com objetividade e clareza para a compreensão do leitor. O presente estudo leva em consideração que discussões acerca de problemáticas de gênero nos povos indígenas não podem se dar com base nos mesmos princípios conceituais que fundamentam o pensamento globalizante europeu, segundo o qual todos os indivíduos seriam subjetivamente iguais e que apenas estariam inseridos em contextos socioambientais diferentes. Dessa forma, utilizando-se de revisão doutrinária, com análise do tema a partir de obras bibliográficas, artigos, material de cunho científico disponibilizado na internet, de falas de mulheres indígenas e perspectivas decoloniais, o trabalho contribuiu com a discussão e solidificação de uma aplicação ética do direito, com a finalidade de coibir a violência de gênero nos povos indígenas. Ao final do estudo, foi proposto que as cosmovisões de mulheres indígenas acerca da violência de gênero sejam o ponto de partida para uma atualização ética do direito, através da interculturalidade entre as normas jurídicas tradicionais e os costumes jurídicos indígenas.
O DIREITO À MORTE DIGNA: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE A ÉTICA JURÍDICA ACERCA DA EUTANÁSIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Vito Danyelle dos Santos , Costa Silvia Rafaela Demétrio , Verbicaro Soares Douglas
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo objetiva analisar a relação existente entre o direito e a ética no âmbito da eutanásia no Brasil. Esse enfoque multidisciplinar busca conceituar as diferentes formas de eutanásia, avaliando os argumentos favoráveis e contrários à prática e, como estes influenciam a criminalização da eutanásia no Brasil. A investigação utiliza o método de estudo de caso e pesquisa bibliográfica para demonstrar como a prática da eutanásia, seja ela passiva ou ativa, deve ser resultado de um processo autônomo e esclarecido. Com isso, o estudo mostra a fraqueza dos argumentos discordantes da legalização, ao mostrar que a morte sem sofrimento necessita ser compreendida como um direito fundamental resguardado nos princípios éticos da autonomia e da dignidade.
A Note on the Transmission of Policy Uncertainty Shocks on Asia-Pacific Stock Returns
Authors: Adediran Idris A. , Akpa Emeka O.
Published: May 2022

This study explores the transmission of various policy uncertainty shocks—such as financial market uncertainty (using the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index), macroeconomic policy uncertainty (using the Global Economic Policy Uncertainty), and anthropogenic uncertainty (using geopolitical risks)—to Asia-Pacific country (APC) stock returns. We adapt a homogeneous panel vector autoregressive model for the distinct analysis of emerging and advanced APCs. Our major findings are that 1) APC stocks are vulnerable to financial and macroeconomic policy uncertainty shocks but less affected by geopolitical risks and 2) the negative impacts of policy uncertainty indicators are greater and longer lasting in advanced APCs than in emerging APCs. The more resilient emerging APC stocks have diversification benefits for investors. Our findings are robust to considerations of nominal and real stock returns.
A Study of Effectiveness of Online Education in Pandemic Period in Pune City
Authors: Monica Apte , Shilpa Dange
Published: May 2022

The world has faced sudden lockdown due to Covid-19 pandemic. This worldwide lockdown affected the learners due to abruptly closure of school and colleges. All educational institutes shift themselves on good technical platform for online education. Educators are trying their best to reach to each and every student. Covid-19 Pandemic
has made all the educational schools and colleges across the world to adapt online Education. This survey is carried out to find the effectiveness of online education in terms of concept understanding, practical knowledge, social life of students and sudden increase in screen time. This study highlights that students prefer online learning in this pandemic period but they are missing the offline education. It also points out the comparison of online and offline learning in learners’ point of view.
A critical review of microbiological colonisation of nano- and microplastics (NMP) and their significance to the food chain
Authors: Walker David , Baker-Austin Craig , Smith Andy , Thorpe Karen , Bakir Adil , Galloway Tamara , Ganther Sharron , Gaze Wll , Lewis Ceri , Russell Josie , van Hoytema Nanne
Published: May 2022

Microplastics are extremely small mixed shaped plastic debris in the environment. These plastics are manufactured (primary microplastics) or formed from the breakdown of larger plastics once they enter the terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments (secondary microplastics). Over time, a combination of physical, photochemical and biological processes can reduce the structural integrity of plastic debris to produce microplastics and even further to produce nanoplastics. NMPs have been detected in both the aquatic and terrestrial environments and can be easily spread by water, soil and air and can be ingested by a wide range of organisms. For example, NMPs have been found in the guts of fish and bivalve shellfish. Microplastics have also been detected in food and in human faeces. Therefore, NMPs are not only found in the environment, but they may contaminate the food supply chain and be ingested by consumers. There is evidence suggesting that microorganisms are able to colonise the surfaces of microplastics and aggregates of nanoplastics. However, the risk to consumers posed by NMPs colonised with microorganisms (including those that are AMR) which enter the food supply chain is currently unknown.
A online dispute resolution (odr) e o processo judicial
Authors: Watkins Caio
Published: May 2022

Este ensaio pretende analisar uma das principais tendências da virada tecnológica do processo: a integração de mecanismos de online dispute resolution (ODR) ao processo judicial. Nesse sentido, serão feitas considerações a respeito de como a tecnologia pode influenciar o direito processual, o desenvolvimento da ODR e de como ela pode ser utilizada para, lex lata, otimizar o processamento e a resolução de controvérsias judicializadas.
capacidade jurídica no direito romano
Authors: Leite Maria Fernanda
Published: May 2022

Apesar de o Direito ser considerado uma ciência em constante evolução, que precisa se adaptar às transformações da sociedade na qual ele está inserido, não se pode deixar de mencionar a relevante contribuição do Ius Romanum, mormente, no período Justinianeu, para a conceituação moderna do instituto da Capacidade Jurídica. Além disso, é imperioso destacar a importância do sobredito Ius Romanum para fornecer substratos jurídicos necessários para distinção da Capacidade Jurídica e Capacidade de exercício de direitos, terminologias datadas do século XIX. À vista disso, para uma melhor compreensão do referido instituto nos dias atuais, o presente artigo percorre e analisa, de forma, detalhada, os três principais requisitos presentes no Direito Romano, responsáveis pela plena aquisição da Capacidade Jurídica, a saber: Status Libertatis, isto é, ser livre; Status Civitatis, ou seja, ser cidadão romano e Status Familiae, em outras palavras, ser o chefe da família (paterfamilias), não se sujeitando a nenhum outro poder familiar. Assim, pode-se inferir que a situação jurídica que uma determinada pessoa ocupa no seio social, influi na sua capacidade jurídica, podendo provocar o seu aumento ou diminuição. A título ilustrativo, temos a figura do paterfamilias e do filusfamilias, sendo que aquele possui uma capacidade jurídica absoluta (persona sui iuris), ao passo que este último é considerado persona alieni iuris.
Educação em Direitos Humanos como instrumento para o efetivo acesso à justiça: uma análise dos projetos desenvolvidos pela Defensoria Pública do Paraná em educação de direitos
Authors: Pivovar Marina
Published: May 2022

A Defensoria Pública do Paraná, como instrumento direto do regime democrático, possui a educação em direitos humanos entre suas atribuições ordinárias. Este trabalho tem como intuito relacionar a educação em direitos humanos e o efetivo acesso à justiça, uma vez que o desconhecimento é a primeira barreira que precisa ser pessoalmente superada por um indivíduo para que ele reivindique seus direitos. O conhecimento se fundamenta tanto em saber quais são seus direitos, como quais as ferramentas existentes para exigi-los. Ainda, a pesquisa analisa as atividades desenvolvidas pela Defensoria Pública do Paraná voltadas à educação em direitos humanos, identificando os projetos multidisciplinares com caráter educacional já desenvolvidos pela instituição e o perfil desses programas.
Gestión de estrategias de aprendizaje digital para el éxito de un MOOC: experiencia de cinco ediciones consecutivas
Authors: Castro Milagros Cecilia Huamán
Published: May 2022

El artículo “Gestión de estrategias de aprendizaje digital para el éxito de un MOOC: Experiencia de cinco ediciones consecutivas”, tiene como objetivo, dar a conocer los resultados y la experiencia del desarrollo de cinco ediciones del 1er MOOC creado en el Perú en la USMP y habilitado a la comunidad en la plataforma MiriadaX de Universia, España. El MOOC fue creado bajo los lineamientos y revisión de calidad de MiriadaX, el claustro estuvo formado por expertos en e-learning de la USMP, se contó con dinamizadores para los foros y cinco estrategias diferentes, una por cada inicio, registrando 20,804 inscritos, con la participación de 54 países de ambos sexos en proporciones casi homogéneas, e identificando que los que más participan son entre 25 y 45 años de edad. La experiencia se llevó a cabo en el marco de los principios de la teoría pedagógica del  Conectivismo y el enfoque de un aprendizaje disruptivo.
Interaction of B-rich supercritical magmatic fluids with granite: first report of dumortierite in a geothermal field, Larderello, Italy
Authors: Puxeddu Mariano
Published: May 2022

In a peraluminous two-mica monzogranite cored at 4.5 km depth in well Radicondoli 29, dumortierite occurs together with andalusite, Li-rich tourmaline, fluorite and fluorapatite. The average composition is SiO2: 30.9, Al2O3: 58.6, FeO: 0.44, MgO: 0.47, CaO: 0.02, F: 0.15. Dumortierite crystallized from supercritical magmatic fluids at T =520-620°C, P = 100 ± 30 MPa. Synthetic fluid inclusions yielded T = 510 ± 10 MPa, P = 42 ± 3 MPa at 2.9 km depth in well Venelle 2. Al data suggest present day T = 450-550°C, P = 40-80 MPa. The supercritical magmatic fluids were hypersaline brines with ~ 30 wt % LiCl and up to 2.4 wt % F, extreme contents that can be found only in pegmatites, aplites and leucogranites. Larderello granites derived from partial melting of a lower crust made up of interlayered metasediments and amphibolites. Extensive melting took place in the lower crust during the last 10 Ma owing to extensional tectonics, lithosphere thinning, roll back or break down of the west merging Adria plate and swelling of the asthenosphere below the western side of the Apennines.
Simulated courtroom trials: a challenging learning activity
Authors: Martí Roser Casanova , Domènech Federic Adán , Guri Elisabet Cerrato , Junoy Joan Picó i
Published: May 2022

In this paper we report a learning experience taught by lecturers in Procedural Law at the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). This innovative experience comprises the simulation of courtroom trials in the field of Procedural Law and is taught to first-year undergraduate Law students taking the Introduction to Procedural Law course. These simulated courtroom trials, which aim to provide students with practical experience, are highly satisfactory in terms of the students’ acquisition of theoretical and practical skills. Implementing this learning experience at the beginning of the degree enables first-year students to quickly become familiar with all aspects of real trials and the practices employed in courts and tribunals. Moreover, the students improve their oral skills by conducting a simulation of oral proceedings and their writing skills by drafting a report on their simulated courtroom trial.
propuesta de modelo para medir la cultura financiera en las MYPES del estado de San Luis Potosí.
Authors: Torres Rivera Ma. Patricia , Flores Rueda Isabel Cristina , Tristán Monrroy Beatriz Virginia , Espinosa Delgado Juan Manuel
Published: May 2022

El presente estudio muestra los resultados obtenidos entre las micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes) de la zona Altiplano del estado de San Luis Potosí a través de un análisis descriptivo, correlacional y explicativo a 322 mypes, cuyo objetivo fue validar el instrumento de recolección de la información mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio; usando el modelo de regresión múltiple, se propone un modelo de cultura financiera. Los hallazgos muestran que existe una relación significativa entre la cultura financiera y el nivel de ingresos por ventas.

Abstract

This study shows results obtained from micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the Altiplano area, of the State of San Luis Potosi using descriptive, correlational, and explanatory analysis of 322 MSEs, which aimed at validating the data recollection instrument through an exploratory factorial analysis; using a multiple regression model thus, a model of financial culture is proposed. Findings show that there exists a significant relationship between financial culture and the level of income from sales.
Evaluation of Nanocurcumin Mouthwash as an Adjunctive Plaque Control Agent: A Clinical Pilot Study
Authors: Farooqui Arifa Areej  , Thomas Raison  , Shah Rucha  , Mavinakote Gowda Triveni
Published: May 2022

The use of adjunctive plaque control methods such as mouthwashes has shown to be effective in prevention of plaque accumulation. The gold standard for mouthwashes is 0.2% chlorhexidine, however, various side effects compels researchers to divert towards herbal alternatives. Curcumin has been enhanced with nanotechnology to enhance its efficacy and water solubility. The aim of study was to compare the efficacy of 0.1% nanocurcumin mouthwash to 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in localized chronic periodontitis patient. In this randomized controlled clinical study, a total of 30 patients having localized mild to moderate periodontitis were included. The study population was divided into 2 groups by randomization protocol; Group A (n=15) was given 0.1% nanocurcumin mouthwash whereas Group B (n=15) was given 0.2% CHX mouthwash. Clinical parameters including Plaque index (PI), Modified Gingival Index (mGI) being recorded at baseline, 30th day and 45th day and Sulcular Bleeding Index (SBI), Periodontal Probing Depths (PPD), Clinical attachment levels (CAL) were recorded at baseline and 45th day. Subjective criteria included taste acceptability, burning sensation and dryness whereas objective criteria including ulcer formation, tongue and teeth staining were analyzed. Statistically significant improvement was observed in all clinical parameters when compared to baseline in both groups and difference was statistically non-significant on intergroup comparison. No adverse reaction was observed in both groups in terms of subjective and objective criteria. Within the limitations, it can be concluded that nanocurcumin can be a viable alternative to chlorhexidine to formulate a mouthwash
PharmacologicalActions of Eladwaya(Elettaria Cardamomum Matonand Amomum Subulatum Roxb) -A Review
Authors: N. Rabb Umakant
Published: May 2022

The two varieties of cardamom i.e Ela Dwayaviz; (Elettaria cardamomum Maton and Amomum subulatum Roxb). The Sookshma Ela(Elettaria cardamom) is considered as the queen of spices. The Ela(Elettaria cardamomum Maton) acts as stimulant. Both cardamom are herbaceous perennial plants belong to Zingiberaceae family. Extensively grow in South India. It is an excellent anti oxidant.It helps to relieve Daha(Burning sensation) and gastritis. It helps to relieve xerostomia(Dry mouth) and bad breath due to itʾsantibacterial actions. The Elettaria cardamomum Maton and Amomum subulatum Roxbhelp to alleviate Shotha(Inflammation), Shirshula(Headache), Karnashula(Earache), Danta Shula(Toothache), Yakrit Vikara(Disorders of liver), chest, Kantha Vikara(Throat diseases) due to itʾsanti inflammatory and analgesic activities. The second variety is Brihat Ela(Amomum subulatum) is black cardamom also called hill cardamom. It is perennial herbaceous plant belongs to the same family Zingiberaceae. The seed pods have a strong, camphor like flavour and are also used as spice similar to the green cardamom pods. The black cardamom is used for Udara Vikara(Stomach disorder) due to its gastroprotective action, and Jwara(Malarial fever) due to anti inflammatory and analgesic actions. The drug showed the importance of chemical constituents including carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, lipids, essential oils, flavonoids, terpenoids, caratenoids. The drug powder also helps in chronic cigarette de-addiction. The present work dealt with the data were obtained by several electronic scientific databases, articles, and the additional information was collected from the various Ayurvedic classical texts.
USO DE TECNOLOGÃA NFC Y SU IMPACTO EN LA SOCIEDAD ECUATORIANA
Authors: ALAY QUIMIS YARITZA
Published: May 2022

NFC es una tecnologÃ­a inalÃ¡mbrica para la transmisiÃ³n de datos no es necesario contar con dos objetos provistos de una fuente de alimentaciÃ³n, que produce el objeto origen sobre el objeto destino, se energiza el receptor y permite una comunicaciÃ³n. La premisa bÃ¡sica a la que se acoge el uso de la tecnologÃ­a NFC es aquella situaciÃ³n en la que es necesario un intercambio de datos de forma inalÃ¡mbrica. Lo usos que mÃ¡s futuro tienen son la identificaciÃ³n, la recogida e intercambio de informaciÃ³n y, sobre todo, el pago. Sin embargo, se tiende a describir los aspectos relevantes que existen en el funcionamiento de esta tecnologÃ­a. Entre ellos sus posibles campos de aplicaciÃ³n, problemas de seguridad involucrados y su ejemplificaciÃ³n a travÃ©s de la elaboraciÃ³n de prototipos de aplicaciones mÃ³vil para el sistema operativo que involucra la lectura y escritura de etiquetas NFC.  La inclusiÃ³n de chips NFC en los telÃ©fonos inteligentes ha permitido. En su gran mayorÃ­a el desarrollo ejemplar de aplicativos que utilicen estas tecnologÃ­as exponencialmente, permitiendo la apertura de un nuevo mercado, que pueda ser aprovechado por los desarrolladores de tecnologÃ­a para cubrir necesidades cotidianas de las personas de una manera intuitiva y fÃ¡cil.
Hardware alternativo, una opción complementaria para potenciar nuestros ordenadores
Authors: Baque Castro Bryan Iván , Baque Zorrilla Rubén Iván , Jalca Pérez Ángel Leonardo
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación hace referencia a el hardware alternativo al ser de uso opcional, no todos los ordenadores cuentan con ciertas funciones, sin embargo, estos dispositivos permiten dotar a un computador de distintas características y asimismo sacar más provecho de sus funcionalidades. Cabe recalcar que nos sirve tanto para el uso educativo como para la vida profesional, antes eran más usados que en la actualidad este tipo de hardware ya que muchas veces los ordenadores eran muy limitados y no permitían abastecer todas las necesidades del usuario, con la implementación de los puertos USB se redujo en gran porcentaje su utilización. Existen diversos tipos de tarjetas de expansión, cada una para una necesidad en específico, estas tarjetas van conectadas en las ranuras de expansión; entre las más usadas tenemos las PCI, PCI EXPRESS y las AGP. El principal objetivo de esta investigación científica es proporcionar información acerca de cómo proveen nuevas características estos dispositivos a nuestros computadores y el beneficio que nos da el adaptarlos a los propios. Hoy en día el hardware alternativo es muy popular en su utilización, tanto para niños como para adultos, la metodología principal utilizada fue la revisión bibliográfica. El resultado del análisis realizado en esta investigación logró demostrar que en la actualidad esta tecnología ha aportado en gran medida a los usuarios por ende han tenido gran acogida por los mismos.
Uso de internet por parte de los jóvenes y dependencia de los teléfonos móviles
Authors: Pinargote Vinces Gema Julissa , Maldonado Zuñiga Kirenia , Pin Menéndez Camila Yanlisbeth , Pérez Chilán Dayana Lilibeth
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo investigativo consiste en determinar el impacto potencial del uso de internet por parte de los jóvenes y dependencia de los teléfonos móviles. La adicción al ciberespacio y los dispositivos inteligentes se han convertido en problemas sociales importantes. Existen varios estudios que demuestran su asociación con factores clínicos y psicológicos, incluida la depresión, la ansiedad, la agresión, la expresión de la ira y la inhibición del comportamiento. A simple vista el campo emergente de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) ha traído consigo nuevos estilos de interacción. El objetivo primordial de esta investigación es determinar la prevalencia del uso problemático de las TIC como Internet y teléfonos móviles y examinar sus factores asociados. Se compara una disertación realizada en Corea del Sur, de modelos lineales generalizados, a fin de ajustar un modelo de regresión de cópula, que establezca los factores de riesgo entre las dos variables de estudio. Para ello se utilizaron métodos de la investigación científica, desde una perspectiva adjetiva de tipo documental, con una trascendencia deductiva, experimental apoyada en fuentes elementales, artículos e informes de investigación. Los resultados muestran que el Internet móvil refleja un incremento importante de las cuentas desde 2010, y la tasa promedio de crecimiento está directamente relacionada con la penetración del Servicio Móvil Avanzado y de acceso a internet en el Ecuador, revelando que es necesario fortalecer el papel de las familias y las instituciones educativas para brindarles a los jóvenes, estrategias adecuadas para su utilización.
The Impact of Working at Night on Employee's Health: A Case Study for It Company in Cyberjaya
Authors: Man Shahadan Bin
Published: May 2022

Working at night has been an associate IT worker in Malaysia. The work at night negatively impacts the people who might ignore it from the long-term perspective. This study investigates the association between working at night with medical leave (health condition) among workers. The study also to gain the relationship between the Al-Quran on working at day and get rest at night.
Kebimbangan dan Kemerosotan Prestasi di kalangan Atlet Olahraga Daerah Miri, Sarawak
Authors: Hong Empari
Published: May 2022

Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk melihat tahap kebimbangan atlet olahraga Daerah Miri. Sampel kajian adalah terdiri daripada 70 orang atlet olahraga antara umur 16 hingga 19 tahun dari Daerah Miri yang akan mewakili Kejohanan Olahraga Majlis Sukan Sekolah-sekolah Malaysia Sarawak. Kajian ini telah menggunakan borang soal selidik Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) sebagai instrumen kajian bagi mendapatkan data tahap kebimbangan atlet Olahraga Daerah Miri. Hasil analisis dari data yang diperolehi mendapati subskala Tahap Kebimbangan Somatik telah mencatat min paling tinggi iaitu 22.76 (SD=5.409) diikuti Tahap kerisauan (M=18.79, SD=4.706) dan Tahap Gangguan Konsentrasi (M=11.50, SD=3.247) adalah yang terendah.
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Infection among Suspected Infants in Baghdad
Authors: Raham Tareef Fadhil , Abdul-Wahab Ahmed Nabeel , Chaloub Zainab Ali
Published: May 2022

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) virus is a recognized important cause of congenital CMV infection which carries a significant risk for symptomatic disease and developmental defects in newborns. Its prevalence varies from place to other and time to time. This study is conducted to estimate its prevalence in Baghdad among infants suspected of having a congenital infection and to study the associated findings.   
 Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out in Al-Alwyia pediatrics teaching hospital. Data were collected, and blood samples were taken for infants suspected to have intrauterine infections over a period of one year, from 1 October 2019 to 1 October 2020.  Immunoglobulin M (IgM) tests for CMV were conducted for all collected samples.  CMV- immunoglobulin G (IgG) was a further analysis if negative results were obtained for CMV-IgM testing.  Samples were tested by Eliza method.
 Results:  The overall positivity for CMV-specific antibodies among suspected infants was 16.7% for IgM and 66 % for IgG. Males constitute 55% of CMV-IgM positive results. These results are statistically significant concerning age groups.  1-3-month age group was the largest (40 % of IgM positive infants) with a p-value of 0.000. This indicates delayed presentation of CMV-affected infants. With the same p-value, 74% of infants less than one month of age were IgG positive reflecting the maternal prevalence of CMV- IgG in an equivalent percentage. 
Convulsion followed by delayed milestones was the most common presenting symptoms in congenital CMV infection with statistically significant associations.
Conclusions: The study indicates that infection with CMV constitutes a significant portion of suspected infants.  The study recommends special attention to take steps concerning early management.