bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Macroeconomi Factor Effect on the Stock Price Index in Jakarta Islamic Index
Authors: Huda Miftahul Huda , Suminto Ahmad Suminto , Septiyani Amelia Septiyani , Hanif Muhammad Nabil Hanif
Published: March 2024

The country’s economy slowdown causes the affected exchange rate or exchange rate to weaken, and Bank Indonesia’s interest rate policy at the time of the economic downturn decreases, it has an impact on the stock index in the JII.
This research aims to determine the influence of macroeconomics on the IHS in JII. The method used is quantitative research, with an analysis model using the VAR technique. The data used is secondary data of a time series. The research results show that the influence of the ISSI and BI rate responded positively, while inflation responded positively. The exchange rate variable responded negatively to JII shocks until the end of the period. The results of the FEVD test show that the largest contribution was JII, inflation, ISSI, and BI rate, and the smallest contribution to JII was the exchange rate.
Implication and recommendation this research are Bank Indonesia as the institution responsible for controlling inflation, can maintain inflation stability, lower the exchange rate against the dollar and maintain interest rate stability.
Recursos didáticos no ensino de química: concepções na formação inicial de professores/as
Authors: Teodoro Paulo Vitor , Rigue Fernanda Monteiro , Teixeira Júnior José Gonçalves
Published: March 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar, compreender e tensionar as concepções de seis licenciandas em Química sobre o Livro Didático (LD) e outros materiais de apoio às aulas de Química. Com abordagem qualitativa, esta pesquisa teve como instrumento de coleta de dados um formulário online implementado no seio da disciplina de Metodologia para o Ensino de Química 2 (MEQ 2) em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Federal localizada no sudeste do Brasil. As licenciandas produziram respostas que foram analisadas e problematizadas a partir da criação de categorias com base na técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, proposta por Laurence Bardin. As categorias analíticas emergem do estudo cuidadosamente problematizado de autores que contribuem para fundamentar o campo dos materiais didáticos, permitindo-nos considerar que: o LD de Química é o material didático mais presente na memória escolar das professoras em processo de formação inicial, o que confirma o quanto esse material didático ainda prevalece como principal recurso mobilizado nas aulas de Química. Ao mesmo tempo, foi possível identificar que recursos como slides, filmes, aplicativos e jogos têm ganhado espaço nas aulas de Química na escola da Educação Básica, embora com menor ênfase.
New view on the compatibility of hemoglobin function in the erythrocytes
Authors: Smiianov Vladyslav V. , Fartushok Tetiana V. , Fedevych Yuri M. , Fartushok Nadiia V.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To study the process of hemoglobin oxidation and the enzymatic reactions associated with it.
Materials and Methods: Heparinized human blood (15 IU/ml) was obtained from the clinical department. The concentration of oxy- and methemoglobin, auto-oxidation of hemoglobin was determined spectrophotometrically spectrophotometrically. Autooxidation of hemoglobin was recorded spectrophotometrically, and protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method. Monooxygenase activity of hemoglobin was also measured by the method described by Lowry spectrophotometrically. The concentration of O2 and H2O2 in the reaction media was determined on a biomicroanalyzer OR 210/3 (Redelkis).
Results: The obtained experimental data allow us to propose a mechanism of “spontaneous autooxidation” of oxyhemoglobin, which can be described by the following equations:
Hb2+O2 → Hb3+ + O2 - (1)
Hb2+O2 + 2e - + 2H+ →Hb3+ + H2O2 (2)
Hb2+O2 + 2e - + 2H+ →Hb2+ + H2O2 (3)
Hb2+ + O2 →Hb2+O2 (4)
Spectral characteristics of the process of “spontaneous auto-oxidation” indicate the formation of a metform of hemoglobin, the depletion of oxygen by the system was established, at pH 5.6, an increase in the monooxygenase activity of hemoglobin is observed 3-4 times compared to the physiological level.
Сonclusions: In addition to the main, previously known functions of hemoglobin (gas transport, peroxidase, monooxygenase), it catalyzes a two-electron oxidase reaction in which O2 is reduced to H2O2. This is confirmed by experimental data on the formation of one of the products of “spontaneous autoxidation” of oxyhemoglobin _ deoxyform at pH 5.6 _ 8.9.
Healthcare-associated infections after neurosurgical procedures in Ukraine: a multicentre study (2020-2022)
Authors: Salmanov Aidyn G. , Shchehlov Dmytro V. , Mamonova Maryna , Bortnik Ihor M. , Chabanovych Nadiia B. , Kudelskyi Yaroslav E. , Chekhunova Daria
Published: March 2024

Aim: To investigate the epidemiology, microbiology, and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) after a neurosurgical procedure in Ukraine.
Materials and Methods: Prospective multicentre surveillance was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022 in 10 regional hospitals of Ukraine. Definitions of HAIs were adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network.
Results: Of 8,623 neurosurgical patients, 1,579 (18.3%) HAIs were observed. The most frequently of HAI types were pneumonia (38.4%), surgical site infection (34.2%), urinary tract infection (18.1%) and bloodstream infection (9.3%). Death during hospitalization was reported in 11.3% of HAI cases. There was an association between HAIs after neurosurgical procedures and patients with diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease undergoing dialysis, and leukaemia. The strongest independent associations were observed for intubation, urinary catheters, and vascular catheters. Klebsiella pneumoniae were most commonly reported, accounting for 25.1% of all organisms, followed by Escherichia coli (17.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (8.5%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (6.8%), and Streptococcus spp. (5.5%). In total, 76.3% isolates from neurosurgical patients were MDROs. Antimicrobial resistance in Ukraine varies greatly by bacterial species, antimicrobial group, and region.
Conclusions: Healthcare-associated infections are a cause for mortality and morbidity among neurosurgical patients. This is due to increase emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Routinely collected surveillance data are of great value as a basis for studying the consequences of HAIs.
Pregravid preparation of women with chronic endometritis in IVF cycles
Authors: Boychuk Alla V. , Kotsabyn Natalia V. , Yakymchuk Julia B. , Nikitina Iryna M.
Published: March 2024

Aim: of our study was to improve the pregravid preparation of women with chronic endometritis to develop individual approaches to overcoming infertility, taking into account the state of endometrium.
Materials and Methods: The study included 90 women (main group, n=90), 28 to 38 years with an anatomically normal uterus and chronic endometritis (CE). Patients were divided into 2 groups: group I – 45 women with CE who received conventional treatment; group II – 45 women with CE who received pregravid preparation by subendometrial injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP).
Results: At the first stage of study, the ART statistical reports from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed at the Medical Center of Reproductive Health ≪Damia≫, (Ivano-Frankivsk). Analysis of the vaginal flora parameters before treatment at the first stage revealed the presence of conditionally pathogenic flora in culture from the cervical canal (Candida albicans – 2.4%, Escherihia coli – 4.8%, Staphylococcus epidermidis – 6.2% Enterococcus faecalis – 6.9%), and was evidence of a possible recurrence of inflammation during gestation. In the age category, the groups of patients were homogeneous, with no significant differences by the level of AMH and the level of CD 138. Biochemical pregnancy be present in 20 patients (44.4%) of group I and 28 (62.2%) of group II. Fertility within a year after the end of therapy was restored with the proposed method of therapy in most women (51.1%), in the comparison group this number was 11.1% lower. Pregnancy rate between the groups (I and II) did not differ significantly. The number of live births in group II — 19 births (42.2%) — was 2 times higher than I group (9 (20.0%), P<0.05). The most common complication for women in the comparison groups was early pregnancy loss. Among 18 (40.0%) clinical pregnancies of group I, 8 women (17.8%) had early miscarriage, 1 ectopic pregnancy (2.2%), while in group II clinical pregnancy be present in 23 women (51.1%). The number of terminated pregnancies was two times lower than in the first group (8.9% vs. 17.8%, P<0.05).
Conclusions: Chronic endometritis is one of the main causes of pregnancy loss after in vitro fertilization. Patients of the second group were treated with the proposed method of subendometrial injections with Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), prepared from autologous blood, is an effective method of preparing the endometrium for embryo transfer and can increase the number of live births in patients with chronic endometritis.
International classification of functioning, disability and health with long-term consequences of cranio-brain injury
Authors: Borysova Inna , Fesenko Alexander , Fesenko Halina , Potapova Tatiana , Kirichenko Alla , Chub Daria
Published: March 2024

Aim: To describe health status and related functioning of patients with different severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in past medical history in Ukraine and determining the feasibility of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Brief Core Set for TBI.
Materials and Methods: A total of 102 patients, who were treated in the neurological department of Dnipropetrovsk regional clinical hospital and State Institution ≪Ukrainian State Scientific Research Institute of Medical and Social Problems of Disability of Health Ministry of Ukraine≫, had been examined. Patients were divided into three groups: mild, moderate and severe TBI in past history and evaluated using ICF Brief Core Set for TBI.
Results: Тhe most common problems in the functioning and health of patients in remote period of TBI, along with the influencing factors have been identified in the study. The most frequent categories from ≪Body Functions≫ and ≪Activity and Participation≫ sections in which patients had alterations were: memory functions, emotional functions, sensation of pain, functions of attention, brain structure, complex interpersonal interactions, family relationships. The increase in the amount and severity of disturbances with increasing severity of TBI had been established in all categories, except complex interpersonal interactions and family relationships.
Conclusions: Patients of all groups identified the family and close relatives, healthcare service and social welfare services, as the most frequent relieving factors of life activity. The use of the ICF Brief Core Set for assessing the subjects with TBI in past history provides a convenient procedure to standardize and structure functioning description. Information collected by the ICF Brief Core Set may be used for different purposes: clinical assessment, administration of medical services, planning and implementation of rehabilitation and evaluation of results, in scientific research, reports and health care statistics.
The association of TLR4 gene polymorphisms with the severity of peritonitis in acute inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity organs
Authors: Bilyayeva Olga , Kryzhevsky Vadim , Karol Ivan , Ziablitzev Serhii
Published: March 2024

Aim: To determine the role of TLR4 gene polymorphisms as risk factors for peritonitis severity in patients undergoing surgery for acute inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity.
Materials and Methods: The study included 139 patients who were operated on for acute abdominal diseases (acute appendicitis and cholecystitis, perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer, etc.). Depending on the number of points on the modified APACHE II scale, patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 - 1-3 points (63 patients, 45.3%) and Group 2 - 4 or more points (76 patients, 54.7%). Polymorphisms rs1927911, rs2149356 and rs4986790 were determined by polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The rs1927911 polymorphism of the TLR4 gene was protective for the development of peritonitis (according to the allelic model, OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.27-0.84; p=0.015). Regression analysis revealed a reduced (p=0.015) risk of severe peritonitis in rs1927911 A/A or G/A genotype carriers (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.21-0.84) compared with G/G genotype carriers. There was no effect on the severity of peritonitis of TLR4 polymorphisms rs2149356 and rs4986790. There was a tendency to increase the frequency of the mutant G rs4986790 allele in patients with severe peritonitis (χ2=2.17; p<0.001). The analysis of the association of TLR4 gene polymorphisms with the phenotype of patients showed that carriers of mutant homozygotes and heterozygotes in the presence of severe peritonitis were older, had a tendency to coagulopathy, higher leukocytosis and leukocyte clotting rate.
Conclusions: Thus, the importance of TLR in the development of severe peritonitis was confirmed and the protective role of the rs1927911 promoter polymorphism was established.
Comparative analysis of the quality of life of women who left the territory of Ukraine during the ongoing Russia – Ukraine war and women who stayed at their homes
Authors: Slaba Oksana , Sadova-Chuba Zoryana , Hrushkovska Dzvenislava , Hurka Oksana
Published: March 2024

Aim: To investigate the quality of life of women who left Ukraine and those who did not leave their homes under the threat of war.
Materials and Methods: We used the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire for quality assessment. 376 young women (aged 25-44) were interviewed using a Google questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF). The respondents were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – women who left the territory of Ukraine during the war (n-176); group 2 - women who did not leave their homes (n-200).
Results: The general level of quality of life for group 1 (62.9% ± 9.3) was slightly lower than group 2 (66.7% ± 9.1). In terms of quality of life, group 2 prevails over group 1 in the domain of microsocial support.
Conclusions: Therefore, women who did not leave their homes during the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine rate their quality of life higher than women who left the territory of Ukraine. Respondents of group 2 are more satisfied with their social support, sexual life, support from friends, enjoy life more than respondents of group 1.
Prodromal period of psychosis: diagnostic criteria
Authors: Venger Olena , Bilous Volodymyr , Striepetova Olena , Kulivets Oleksii , Oliynyk Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

Aim: To study the psychopathological mechanisms of the development of the prodromal stage of psychosis in order to identify risk factors for the formation of psychosis.
Materials and Methods: In this research 137 patients with newly diagnosed psychosis were examined: 65 patients with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia; 72 patients - with a diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder.
Results: According to the analysis of symptoms using the PANSS, the absence of signs of an anxious state, conceptual disorganization of thinking, emotional withdrowal are reliable signs of PPP in PS, and unusual thought content, absence of signs of stereotyped thinking, tension, anxiety, and hallucinations are reliable signs of PPP in APPD. According to the analysis of symptoms using the SOPS, unusual thought content/delusional ideas, bizarre thinking, social anhedonia, suspiciousness/persecutory ideas, decrease in expressiveness of emotions are reliable signs of PPP in PS, and bizarre thinking, impaired tolerance to normal stress, sleep disturbance, perceptual abnormalities/hallucinations, trouble with focus and attention are reliable signs of PPP in APPD.
Conclusions: In the process of studying the clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological aspects of the development of the PPP, a number of risk factors for the formation of psychosis were identified. We found that he most important diagnostic signs of PPP in PS patients are: stereotyped thinking, social isolation, disorganizational thinking disorders, passive-apathetic social detachment, suspiciousness. The most informative prodromal symptoms of HP in PS patients are: conceptual disorganization of thinking, bizzare thinking, social isolation, suspiciousness/persecutory ideas, reduced expression of emotions.
Dynamics of disability and pain indicators under the influence of physical therapy for adhesives capsulitis and myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Rusanov Andrii , Vitomskyi Volodymyr , Roi Iryna , Borzykh Natalia , Kudrin Anton
Published: March 2024

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of end-range mobilization and therapeutic exercises, used in combination with ischemic compression, on disability and pain indicators among patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and thoracic myofascial pain syndrome.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 68 patients. Goniometry of the shoulder joint, assessment of pain in myofascial trigger points, and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index questionnaire were used before and after physical therapy. The duration of physical therapy comprised 3 weeks. Physical therapy of the first group of patients consisted of end-range mobilization and ischemic compression. Patients of the second group performed therapeutic exercises and ischemic compression.
Results: Both groups demonstrated positive dynamics of shoulder joint mobility, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index and pain in trigger points. However, the final results of the studied indicators were better in the first group of patients.
Conclusions: Physical therapy based on the combination of end-range mobilization and ischemic compression had a more positive impact on disability and pain indicators for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and myofascial pain syndrome as compared to the combination of therapeutic exercises and ischemic compression.
Evaluation of the treatment strategy for complicated allergic rhinitis
Authors: Buria Lilia , Moisieieva Nataliia , Kapustianska Anna , Vakhnenko Andrii , Zviagolska Iryna , Vlasova Olena , Rumiantseva Mariia
Published: March 2024

Aim: To carry out a comprehensive evaluation of treatment modification for patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) complicated by anxiety-neurotic disorders.
Materials and Methods: Patients with SAR in the acute stage on the background of anxiety disorders were studied. Immunological studies were carried out, an assessment of the dynamics of indicators of the quality of life of patients, the level of anxiety / depression was assessed. In the clinical group, a variant of therapy modification was proposed.
Results: Significant changes in the subpopulation ratio of lymphocytes, an increase in the immunoregulatory index, which indicated the severity of the immunological process, were revealed in SAR patients in the acute stage against the background of anxiety disorders. At the same time, a significant activation of the humoral link of immunity was observed: an increase and a significant increase in IgE in the blood serum and an increase in the content of sIgA in the nasal secretion. In most patients, eosinophilia was found in the peripheral blood and in the rhinocytogram before treatment. In the study of the quality of life of patients, changes in many parameters were found.
Conclusions: The combination of “Nazafort Allergy Protection” and Atarax seems to be the most successful, which significantly improved the physical and psycho-emotional state of patients with SAR, complicated by anxiety and neurotic disorders. This combination led to an increase in the stress resistance of patients.
Improving the quality of medical education throught the introduction of moodle system for the formation of terminological competence of medical students
Authors: Fedchyshyn Nadiya O. , Shkrobot Anna L. , Hantimurova Nataliia I. , Vorona Ivanna I. , Kitura Halyna Ya. , Fedoniuk Larysa Ya.
Published: March 2024

Aim is to analyze the possibilities of using the electronic system Moodle for the formation of professional and terminological competence of medical students during the study of terminological competence for improving the quality of medical education.
Materials and Methods: The research used a number of scientific methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization), specific research and others which ensured the selection and analysis of the source base, made it possible to determine the general trends in the study of the problem of using the electronic system Moodle for the formation of professional and terminological competence of medical students during the study of terminological competence for improving the quality of medical education.
Conclusions: At I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University we actively use the e-learning system Moodle (Modular Object Oriented Distance Learning Environment), to which there is free and unrestricted access. Using this program, the student takes on the role of an active subject who independently acquires knowledge, forms his/her own system of skills, of course with the help of certain sources, and the role of the teacher in this scheme is to motivate and suport learners, prepare information sources used in self-study, etc. This is due to a significant increase in the requirements for quality training of future specialists n the medical field and market conditions in Ukraine, which set before the higher school the task of training specialists of the new generation who would be highly qualified, competitive, literate, and have perfect command of their professional terminology. The Moodle system is able to optimize the learning process, promote the formation of terminological competence and master professional vocabulary. When creating educational and methodological complexes for the formation of terminological competence, the means of teaching, as well as the ways of presenting educational material and the principles of organizing the educational activities of students become important. The electronic platform Moodle, which has a wide range of resources for teaching and testing, is able to expand the communicative competencies and skills of students needed to effectively master professional Latin terminology. The Moodle system has the optimal set of resource opportunities for the implementation of blended learning – classroom and extracurricular, which is its main advantage.
Public management of public healthcare under the COVID-19 outbreak: experience of Ukraine
Authors: Hrynzovskyi Anatolii M. , Bielai Serhii V. , Volkov Ihor M. , Bakai Andrii Y. , Shevchenko Artem V. , Yevtushenko Ihor V.
Published: March 2024

Aim: The research is aimed to study certain aspects and experience of functioning of the Ukrainian Public Healthcare public management mechanisms during an outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19.
Materials and Methods: The studied materials include personal observations and accumulated practical material, as well as generalization of the collected data and their empirical treatment, conducted by the scientists, according to the present legislation requirements. The study was held using general scientific methods, including observation, description of results, specification and statistical data generalization.
Conclusions: Generalization, arrangement and analysis of the Ukrainian experience of the Public Healthcare public management during the outbreak of the acute respiratory disease COVID19, provides exchange of experience between all subjects of the process. This helps to produce certain practical decisions, aimed at effective responding of the state healthcare system onto management of the COVID19 outbreak. Such activities are also directed at detection of flaws in the whole system, with their subsequent correction, and elimination or neutralization of possible negative outcomes. To adopt the priority activity directions within public relations, which make the subject of the study, the authors have studied a complex of activities against spread of the COVID19 in 2019-2020. These activities include issues, related to prompt responding onto the infection spread and approving quick professional decisions; fulfilling epidemiological supervision and introducing anti-epidemic activities; providing diagnostics, and accessibility of the safe and high-quality vaccine.
The associations of cytokines and gens polymorphisms of β-adrenoceptors in patients with heart failure and some thyroid pathology (literature review and own observations)
Authors: Pyvovar Sergiy M. , Rudyk Iurii , Scherban Tetiana D
Published: March 2024

Aim: To analyze the role of cytokines in the progression of heart failure (HF) in patients with concomitant pathology of the thyroid gland.
Materials and Methods: The systematization of literature data on the role of cytokines in the progression of HF in patients with concomitant thyroid pathology (TP) was carried out. The results of our own research were presented.
Conclusions: The final chapter in the history of the role of cytokines in the progression of HF has not yet been written. Further studies, including genetic ones, are necessary. The patients with HF have higher levels of TNFβ and IL-6, and a lower concentration of IL-4, compared to the control group. Patients with a fatal outcome of the disease, in contrast to those who survived for two years, have an increased level of TNFβ. In patients with concomitant TP, who had repeated hospitalization, a lower level was registered, compared to that under conditions of a more favorable course of heart failure. Concentrations of cytokines in the blood of patients with HF are associated with gene polymorphisms of the β-adrenoreceptor system: the C-allele of the Gly389A polymorphism of the β1-adrenoceptor gene leads to a decrease in the risk of increasing TNFα; IL-1α increases in the presence of the A-allele of the Ser49Gly polymorphism of this gene. In patients with HF and concomitant thyroid pathology, the risk of IL-6 growth increases in homozygous (C) patients for the Ser275 polymorphism of the β3 subunit of the G-protein.
COVID-19 associated anosmia in pediatric patients: subject publications review
Authors: Lobova Olena V. , Avramenko Iryna V. , Shpak Iryna I.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To review the publications subject to the problem of COVID-19 associated anosmia incidence in pediatric patients as well as its pathogenesis, diagnostics, treatment and recovery. The peculiarity of pediatric COVID-19 anosmia is due to children accounting for very low percentage of COVID-19 patients (comparing to one in adults), mostly with milder course of the disease. Awareness of anosmia and its proper diagnostics is crucial in children and adolescents, considering it can be the only manifestation in COVID-19 positive pediatric patients.
Materials and Methods: In order to achieve this goal a meta-analysis of information from databases followed by statistical processing and generalisation of the obtained data was carried out.
Conclusions: Publications on COVID-19 anosmia in children and adolescents are less numerous than those concerning adult patients, so it is important to use every single trustworthy one. Anosmia/ageusia may be the only symptom, early identifier and the strongest predictor of COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients. Prospects for further scientific researches. Further researches regarding differential diagnostics of COVID-19 and other infections, including seasonal influenza, manifesting with both olfactory and taste dysfunction as well as anosmia diagnostics in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum and different types of mental disorders are possible.
Features of immune reactivity of the spleen and mechanisms of organ damage under the influence of animal venom toxins including scorpions (review)
Authors: Samborska Inha , Maievskyi Oleksandr , Podzihun Larysa , Lavrynenko Victoriia
Published: March 2024

Aim: To establish features of immune reactivity of the spleen and mechanisms of organ damage under the influence of animal venom toxins including scorpions.
Materials and Methods: A thorough literature analysis was conducted on the basis of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. When processing the search results, we chose the newest publications up to 5 years old or the most thorough publications that vividly described the essence of our topic.
Conclusions: Spleen plays a leading role in the implementation of the body’s defense processes, the elimination of structural elements affected by toxins, and the restoration of immune homeostasis. Its participation in the formation of the immune response can be accompanied by qualitative and quantitative changes in histological organization. Morpho-functional changes in the spleen under the action of animal venom toxins currently require careful study, because from the information available in the literature today, it is not possible to clearly construct a complete picture of lesions of certain components of the organ at the microscopic or submicroscopic levels. Therefore, this direction of research in the medical field is currently relevant, taking into account the existence of a large number of poisonous animals, including scorpions.
Abuse of right during application of coercive medical measures in criminal proceedings
Authors: Navrotska Vira V. , Horpyniuk Oksana P. , Boreiko Halyna D.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To determine the problematic issues of ensuring the rights and freedoms of persons suffering from mental disorders and to whom CMM are applied in criminal proceedings under the legislation of Ukraine and the legislation of the states that adhere to the modern concepts of international standards of human rights ensuring to a person the CMM are applied to
Materials and Methods: Legal positions of the ECHR, criminal procedural legislation of a number of states, and a survey of scientists and practitioners conducted by the authors are used in this paper (total number of respondents was 168). A set of general scientific and special methods are used to achieve the aim of the study.
Conclusions: The practice of applying СMM to persons suffering from mental disorders in criminal proceedings in Ukraine and other states does not fully meet international standards and needs improvement. It was suggested to make changes to the legal acts on the use of CMM in criminal proceedings.
D-hormone and its significance for function of prostate gland (literature review and personal observations)
Authors: Brechka Nataliia M. , Bondarenko Volodymyr O. , Shcherbak Olena V. , Korenieva Yeugenia M.
Published: March 2024

Aim: The aim of this article is to present literature data and personal research of the role of D-hormoneon the functioning of the male reproductive system, and more specifically of the prostate gland, as well as the use of this vitamin D during the complex and independent treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in preclinical studies and clinical practice.
Materials and Methods: The collection of relevant data were done using the scientific databases Pubmed, Google Scholar. A manual search on reproductive endocrinology and pharmacology sources were also conducted for related published studies . Selected keywords (“benign prostatic hyperplasia” OR “BPH”) AND (“prostate”) AND (“reproductive system and vitamin D”) were used to collect data. The article also presents our personal data of preclinical studies and clinical data of the use of vitamin D as monotherapy and in the complex therapy of reproductive disorders.
Conclusions: The effect of vitamin D on prostate volume and BPH has shown perspective results, therefore, it is proposed to conduct further studies on the role of vitamin D in the formation of BPH and reproductive disorders, their prevention and treatment. The use of vitamin D as monotherapy or in the form of pharmaceutical compositions and its inclusion in basic treatment regimens can increase the effectiveness of the prevention and correction of reproductopathies in the presence of or due to BPH and suggests the possibility of restoring the generative potential of individuals with BPH, both with and without D-hypovitaminosis.
The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis
Authors: Stepaniuk Nataliia , Stepaniuk Alla , Hudz Nataliia , Havryliuk Iryna
Published: March 2024

Aim: To determine the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis based on the analysis of research data and statistics from the MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection electronic databases for 2007-2023.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of literature sources from the MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection electronic databases was conducted to critically analyse the data and determine the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Conclusions: In this review, we have summarized the latest literature data on the association between mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of atherosclerosis. Mitochondria have been recognized as a novel therapeutic target in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the presence of current gaps in therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial dysfunction control still hinders clinical success in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Both antioxidants and gene therapy are appealing approaches to treating atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, further research is needed to determine the proper therapeutic strategy to reduce the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the progression of atherosclerosis.
The course of COVID-19 in a multiple sclerosis: a case report
Authors: Yepanchintseva Olga , Babenko Vasyl , Yarosh Vitalina , Golubovska Olga
Published: March 2024

The authors present the case of a prolonged course of COVID 19 disease in a 37-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies immunotherapy. This publication presents a clinical case of the course of COVID-19 disease in a multiple sclerosis patient receiving ublituximab therapy. The use of disease-modifying anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy was associated with a protracted wave-like course of COVID-19 with the addition of a bacterial infection. This publication illustrates the key mechanisms and approaches to the treatment of such a cohort of patients. The use of highly effective multiple sclerosis treatment methods may be associated with an increase in the incidence of COVID-19 and worsening of its course. Multiple sclerosis patients receiving anti-CD20 therapy are at particular risk of a wave-like course of COVID-19, caused by immunosuppression, creates a basis for bacterial and fungal coinfection.
Relation of Streptococcus Pyogenes tonsillitis isolate to antimicrobial agents and its infection treatment
Authors: Pylypiv Daryna B. , Sharga Boris M. , Rishko Olexandr A. , Leshak Vitalii , Karbovanets Elena
Published: March 2024

We reported the case of tonsillitis treatment in a 17-years-old boy with use of chemical non-antibiotic preparations, plant derived products and antibiotic benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin. The antimicrobial agents for treatment were selected on the basis of their activity against a disease agent, the group A β-hemolytic strain Streptococcus pyogenes BS1 isolated from a patient. The bacterium was susceptible in vitro to β-lactams, with largest zones conditioned by penicillin G and benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin discs, to fluoroquinolones and to cephems, with exception of cefazolin. Lincosamide clindamycin, macrolide spiramycin, aminoglycoside gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracycline and combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were inactive against this bacterium. The Streptococcus pyogenes BS1 demonstrated intermediate susceptibility to the cephalosporin cephalexin, fluoroquinolone lomefloxacin and glycopeptide vancomycin. Non-antibiotic preparations were evaluated against Streptococcus pyogenes BS1 also. Among them “Stomatidin”, “Chlorophyllipt”, and phages of “Pyofag” were more effective than “Decatylen”, “Decasan” and “Furadonin” in vitro. The antimicrobial applications of “Stomatidin”, “Chlorophyllipt” and phages of “Pyofag” in the patient were less effective compared to the result of antibiotic benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin treatment. Complete recovery of the patient was achieved with use of this antibiotic and Calendula flower extract as an local anti-inflammatory agent.
Tendencies in disability of the population as a result of malignant neoplasms in Ukraine (on the example of the Poltavia region)
Authors: Bielikova Inna V. , Khorosh Maksim V. , Lyakhova Nataliia A. , Krasnov Oleh H. , Sharbenko Tetiana V. , Palamarchuk Dmytro V.
Published: March 2024

Aim: To study the dynamics of the prevalence and structure of primary disability, including due to cancer, among the population of the Poltava region.
Materials and Methods: The study used a retrospective analysis - the depth of the research search was six years (2019-2023); a comparative analysis – to establish the differences in disability indicators. Determining the trends of disability: analyzing the dynamic series.
Results: The rate of initial disability due to neoplasms (including malignant) for 2019-2023 in Ukraine population is generally stable with a slight downward trend, in the Poltava region, there is a slight downward trend during the years 2019-2021, starting from 2022, begins to increase sharply, while throughout Ukraine the indicator remains stable. Among the able-bodied population of the Poltava region: if until 2021 the picture is identical to the indicators among the adult population, then starting from 2022 the disability of this contingent in the Poltava region begins to increase, while in Ukraine - to decrease. In 2023 among the population of the Poltava region, diseases of the musculoskeletal system became the cause of disability in 20.5 per 10,000 working-age population (І rank place) ; from circulatory system diseases was 12.3 (ІІ rank place); the rate of disability from a neoplasm is 16.1(ІІІ rank place).
Conclusions: Analysis of the dynamics and structure of disabling pathology is important and necessary, as it allows to identify diseases that lead to permanent disability, as well as to develop medical and social measures to prevent disability.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI DENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE Teams Games Tournament (TGT) PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XII IPA-1 SMA NEGERI 2 KOTO BARU
Authors: Fitri Zuhriyani
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar biologi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) pada peserta didik kelas XII IPA 1 SMAN 2 Koto Baru. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini mengangkat pokok masalah yaitu bagaimana meningkatkan aktivitas dan kemampuan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran biologi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran koperatif tipe TGT. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII IPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Koto Baru. Adapun metode yang digunakan PTK kolaboratif dan diolah secara deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data menggunakan lembar observasi sebagai alat pengumpul data yang diisi oleh observer selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT dalam pembelajaran biologi dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah biologi dan hasil belajar siswa.
ANALISIS PROBLEMATIKA KENAKALAN SISWA DI SDN 4 DAWUHAN TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Rofek Aenor , Fitri Hevi Anjar , Aliatuzzahro Aliatuzzahro , Rizki Unzilatur
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis problematika yang dihadapi oleh siswa di SDN 4 Dawuhan Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa di sekolah tersebut mempunyai problematika utama, yaitu masalah belajar dan kurangnya komunikasi antara sekolah dan orang tua, lalu solusi guru untuk menghadapi problematika yang ada pada peserta didik. Hasil penelitian yang kami dapatkan mencakup Peserta didik yang tidak mendengarkan guru saat menerangkan materi, kurang fokus terhadap pembelajaran dikelas, dan lebih suka bermain daripada belajar, rendahnya motivasi belajar yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan. Kurangnya komunikasi antara sekolah dan orang tua membuat orang tua merasa kurang mendapatkan informasi tentang perkembangan anak mereka dan kurang terlibat dalam proses belajar anak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan yang melibatkan kerjasama semua pihak, termasuk guru, siswa, orang tua, dan pihak sekolah.
PROBLEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK PADA JENJANG SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS RENDAH SDN 4 CURAH JERU
Authors: Rofek Aenor , Wati Surya Ika , Fajri Nur Aida , Sintawati Sintawati
Published: March 2024

Problematika siswa juga terdapat di lingkungan SDN 4 Curah Jeru.  Beberapa siswa mempunyai kebiasaan melakukan kenakalan dan menjadi keluhan guru juga orang tua. Kondisi lingkungan rumah yang sebagian besar mungkin orang tuanya banyak kesibukan diluar rumah atau kurang memberikan perhatian kepada anak, tidak heran jika anak-anak secara tidak sengaja sering melakukan kenakalan-kenakalan yang berasal dari sebagian orang tuanya sendiri. Kenakalan siswa perlu dikaji lebih lanjut guna menemukan solusi untuk memperbaiki perilaku siswa di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk mendapatkan gambaran lebih mendalam tentang kenakalan siswa sekolah dasar di SDN 4 Curah Jeru dengan model studi kasus. Adapun jenis analisis penelitian ini adalah (1) bentuk kenakalan siswa, (2) faktor yang mempengaruhi kenakalan siswa (3) faktor kemalasan pada diri siswa di SDN 4 Curah Jeru. Kenakalan siswa adalah perilaku menyimpang dan melanggar peraturan sekolah yang dilakukan oleh siswa. Kenakalan siswa yang terjadi disebabkan oleh  diri siswa sendiri, juga disebabkan oleh faktor keluarga dan lingkungan sekitar. Pengaruh keluarga yang memicu adanya kenakalan siswa disebabkan kurangnya perhatian dari orang tua, ketidak harmonisan keluarga. Pengaruh lingkungan yang kurang baik juga dapat memicu timbulnya kenakalan siswa. Kenakalan yang dilakukan oleh siswa yaitu mengganggu temannya saat pembelajaran berlangsung, berkelahi, tidak mematuhi peraturan sekolah. Dari kenakalan yang terjadi, pendidik memberikan hukuman agar siswa mendapat efek jera dari kenakalan tersebut. Mencegah perilaku siswa berupa kenakalan ini memerlukan adanya evaluasi pada program sekolah serta upaya kolaboratif antara pihak sekolah dan keluarga. Kenakalan siswa pada jenjang sekolah dasar sangat perlu mendapat perhatian besar karena jika tidak mendapat penanganan yang serius maka bisa jadi kenakalan tersebut akan berkembang dan menjadi masalah besar saat menuju jenjang pendidikan berikutnya. Bagi Orang Tua Siswa, hendaknya menjalin kerjasama yang baik melalui komunikasi yang intensif kepada pihak sekolah dan guru.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASIC LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SOAL CERITA PADA SISWA KELAS V DI SD NEGERI 2 BESUKI KECAMATAN BESUKI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Bramantha Heldie , Pratiwi Vidya , Rahmania Siti
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Basic Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah soal cerita pada mata pelajaran matematika siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 2 Besuki Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo . Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian quasi experimental.Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 2 Besuki yaitu kelas V A berjumlah 28 orang sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas V B  berjumlah 28 orang sebagai kelas eksperimen.Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes yang berupa tes tulis. Uji validitas instrument menggunakan SPSS for 22 dan reliabilitas instrument dengan SPSS for 22. Uji prasyarat analisis yaitu uji normalitas data dengan SPSS for 22 dan uji homogenitas menggunakan SPSS for 22 dan analisis data menggunakan rumus uji-tseparated varians. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh hasil thitung>ttabel (dengan tarafsignifikasi 0,05 dan n = 56 dengan db=n-2=56-2=54) yaitu 4,326>2,004, maka dari perhitungan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima yang berarti terdapat pengaruh model Problem Basic Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah soal cerita pada mata pelajaran matematika siswa kelas V di SD Negeri 2 Besuki Kecamatan Besuki Kabupaten Situbondo .
FILOSOFI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM PERAN PEMILU 2024
Authors: Fayakun Fayakun , Seituni Siti
Published: March 2024

Indonesia adalah negara kedaulatan mengurus dan melayani seluruh lapisan masyarakat, serta memilih wakil rakyat untuk mengawasi jalannya pemerintahan. Dalam hal ini rakyat Indonesia memiliki kedaulatan, memiliki tanggungjawab, hak dan kewajiban untuk memilih pemimpin yang akan membentuk pemerintahan. Pemilih menurut UU Pemilu adalah Warga Negara Indonesia yang sudah genap berumur 17 (tujuh belas) tahun atau lebih, sudah kawin, atau sudah pemah kawin. Penelitian ini mengungkap makna filosofi nilai-nilai pancasila dalam peran pemilu 2024 dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis fenomenologis di kota Tulung Agung Jawa Timur,dengan tekhnik pengumpulan data observasi, interview dan dokumentasi dengan mendapatkan simpulan Sila pertama mengajarkan memberi kebebasan kepada masing-masing individu untuk meyakini agama dan kepercayaan masing-masing, menghormati agama orang lain, sekaligus tidak memaksakan kehendak atas agama dan kepercayaan yang diyakininya kepada orang lain. Sila kedua setiap Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) yang sudah berusia 17 tahun, sudah menikah atau pernah menikan, dan haknya tidak dicabut, memiliki hak untuk memilih pemimpinnya tanpa kecuali dan memiliki suara yang setara atau nilai dan derajat yang sama. Hak memilih tidak dibedakan berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, struktur sosial, maupun keterbatasan fisik dan mental. Sila ketiga adalah pedoman bagi pemilih dan kontestan dalam Pemilu agar menjaga persatuan dan kerukunan dalam menggunakan hak pilih dan berkompetisi. Sila ke empat adalah adalah dasar adanya Pemilu dan berdemokrasi. Pemilu merupakan proses memilih pemimpin, dari, oleh, dan untuk rakyat. Sila ke lima menjadi acuan bagi peserta Pemilu dan pemilih untuk menjunjung keadilan. Untuk terwujudnya keadilan dalam Pemilu para peserta Pemilu (parpol dan calon) dilarang melakukan pembelian suara atau mendistribusikan keuntungan baik material maupun non material kepada pribadi atau kelompok pemilih.