bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Power that did not generate income”: Seyyid Muhammad Riza about the Kazan Khanate
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Aksanov Anvar V.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study: Study the information of Seyyid Muhammad Riza about the Kazan Khanate. Research materials: “Seven planets in the news about the Tatar kings”, “Umdet al-akhbar”, Russian chronicles, historical works, diplomatic documents, etc. Results and scientific novelty. In the essay “Seven Planets in the News of the Tatar Kings” by Seyyd Muhammad Riza, the history of the Crimean Khanate and Crimean-Ottoman relations is presented in great detail. Against the background of the fact that the history of the Kazan Khanate is strongly intertwined with the history of the Crimean Khanate, the lapidary nature in the description of Crimean-Kazan relations and the history of the Kazan Khanate as a whole, looks very symptomatic. Based on a textual analysis of news about the Kazan Khanate and diplomatic documents, we came to conclusion that Seyyid Muhammad Riza deliberately “kept silent” about some important events in the history of the Crimean-Russian, Crimean-Kazan and Ottoman-Russian relations, so as not to raise “inconvenient” questions for Porta. It is important that the origins of this approach are found in the Ottoman policy itself at the end of the 15th and first half of the 16th centuries. The sultans did not show much interest in Kazan affairs and forwarded all requests from Kazan citizens to Crimea. Obviously, the Ottomans’ policy of ignoring the “Kazan problem” was determined by their aspirations in the Central European Theater of military operations. In this vein, Sayyid Muhammad Riza’s narrative appears to be an apologetics for Ottoman foreign policy.
“Knowing this is of no benefit, but ignorance of this is harmless”
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Seytumerov Shukri S.
Published: September 2024

As Islam spread, ties with non-Muslim communities expanded. Among those who converted to Islam were also scholars who know the Torah and the Gospel. Converting to Islam, they shared with Muslims biblical descriptions of events mentioned in the Qur`an and Sunnah. One of the biblical stories, mentioned in Quran and in commentaries to it, is well-known story about “people in cave” – seven sleeping lads. The legend is expounded in sura Al-Kahf. Worship of sleeping lads, that took place in the whole Christian world over time found reflection in Islamic tradition. This story acquired with popularity in the most remote parts of muslim territory. This process did not bypass the Muslims of the Crimea, expressed, for example, in the practice of turning to the legend about the inhabitants of the cave.
Self-Directed Learning (SDL) Model on Pentigraph Writing Skills Among Primary School Students
Authors: Cahyono Bambang Eko Hari , Maruti Endang Sri , Arvani Fida
Published: September 2024

Students' waning interest in writing personal narratives and the rise of readily available online examples have led them to take shortcuts, hindering their creative development. Traditional writing instruction, often limited to theoretical explanations, fails to engage students and lacks innovative strategies. This research investigates the effectiveness of the Self-Directed Learning (SDL) model in improving the pentigraph (three-paragraph) writing skills of fifth-grade students. Employing a quasi-experimental design with a quantitative approach and a Posttest-Only Control Design, the study involved 82 fifth-graders from Taman Kota Elementary School in Madiun, Indonesia. Convenience sampling selected two classes (VB and VC) with 20 students each. Data collection utilized questionnaires, tests, and documentation. Findings revealed a positive impact of the SDL model on students' Indonesian pentigraph writing skills. Through independent learning, students demonstrated improvement, progressing from basic tasks to planning, controlling, and self-assessment. The SDL model empowers students to develop their writing based on their unique learning styles. This research highlights the effectiveness of the SDL approach in enhancing pentigraph writing and student ownership of the learning process
Tooth Regeneration: What We Have Now and What's Next?
Authors: Lu Everett , Fan Frank
Published: September 2024

Tooth regeneration gained great attention in the past decade. Researchers have explored various aspects, from partial tooth regeneration to whole tooth regeneration. Great progress has been achieved with stem cells and materials developments. However, there are still no reports about successful whole tooth growth in vitro. In this review, the recent progress on the major factors contributing to tooth regeneration were summarized including the cell sources, the scaffolds & materials, the growth factors, and the incubation systems. In addition, the potential issues and resolutions were discussed based on the available info in light of providing a full picture of the field and help for determining future directions.
Methodology for assessing the health of a corporate brand in the hospitality market
Authors: Anofrikov Daniil O.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the author's methodology for assessing the health of a corporate brand in the hospitality market, including various factors and components of the developed methodology. The basis of the corporate brand health assessment methodology is the allocation of three main categories of the methodology, such as the quality of knowledge, the pyramid of knowledge and the brand health assessment itself, based on PAR and BAR indicators. The article also reviewed the existing methods of brand health assessment on the market, based on which a proprietary methodology for assessing the health of a corporate brand was developed. Assessing the health of a corporate brand allows a company not only to focus its marketing policy on leaders from the consumer's perspective, but also from the perspective of the organization itself. Brand health assessment allows you to identify the advantages of an enterprise, which is critically important when choosing a place of rest or services for a consumer, since today's consumers are increasingly informed and more demanding of the quality of services provided. Moreover, the hospitality market is saturated with a variety of leisure destinations, therefore, with the help of brand health assessment, it is possible to identify unique competitive advantages, stand out on the market and successfully continue the fight for consumer attention. The importance of assessing the health of a corporate brand is also important for such a target group as the company's employees. Successful enterprises can be attractive to talented personnel, which can have a positive impact on the quality of services provided. The developed methodology for evaluating the corporate brand of an enterprise allows the organization to competently and timely analyze marketing communications, respond to rapidly changing environmental conditions and take timely measures.
On the reduction of a system of Boolean equations to an equivalent system of polynomial equations
Authors: Barotov D.N. , Barotov R.N.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we study the problem of constructing a special continuation of a Boolean function to the entire space R𝑛, thanks to which, without adding any restrictions, asystem of Boolean equations is transformed into an equivalent system of polynomial equations. As a result of the study, for any Boolean function (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛), a corresponding infinitely differentiable rational function (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛) is constructed such that𝑓𝑠 (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛) ∈ {0, 1} ⇐⇒𝑓𝑠 (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛) ∈ {0, 1} ⇐⇒.).)𝑏𝑏1122𝑠𝑠1122{ (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛) ∈ {0, 1}𝑛𝑓 (𝑥 , , ..., 𝑥𝑛) = (𝑥 , , ..., (𝑥 , , ..., 𝑥𝑛) = (𝑥 , , ..., 𝑓 (𝑥 , , ..., 𝑥𝑛) = (𝑥 , , ..., (𝑥 , , ..., 𝑥𝑛) = (𝑥 , , ..., Thanks to the constructed function (𝑥1, 𝑥2, ..., 𝑥𝑛), firstly, without adding any restrictions, an arbitrary system of Boolean equations is transformed into an equivalent system of rational equations, and secondly, the solution of the transformed an equivalent system of rational equations is reduced to the problem of numerical minimization of some infinitely differentiable target function, solved by optimization methods, and to an equivalent system of polynomial equations, solved and analyzed by the F4 algorithm.
Desarrollo y evaluación de Primers para detectar el gen protamina 3 en alpacas
Authors: Ugarelli-Galarza Alejandra , Medranda-Rocha Bruna , Santiani-Acosta Alexei , Evangelista-Vargas Shirley
Published: September 2024

Objetivo. Desarrollar y evaluar primers para detectar el gen Protamina 3 (PRM3) en alpacas. Materiales y métodos. Los primers candidatos se diseñaron en base a las secuencias conservadas obtenidas del alineamiento del gen protamina 3 (PRM3) con la secuencia predicted del ARNm, ambos presentes en la base de datos del NCBI. Para la evaluación in silico, se enfrentaron los primers con el genoma de alpaca, y para la evaluación in vitro, se emplearon 51 muestras de tejido testicular. Resultados. Se obtuvieron 10 pares de primers. De estos, se seleccionaron los pares 1 y 6; denominados PRM3-P31 y PRM3-P32 y con amplicones de 240 pb y 328 pb, respectivamente. Además, la evaluación de subproductos se realizó mediante el programa Oligoanalyzer. Conclusiones. Se concluyó que el primer PRM3-P31 nos permite determinar la presencia del gen más seguridad que el otro primer seleccionado. Por lo tanto, fue posible desarrollar y evaluar primers para detectar la presencia del gen de la protamina 3 en alpacas.
Quistes foliculares en vaca Holstein, Nicaragua
Authors: Gómez Marín José Salomón , Arroliga Morales Nolfreddy José , Espinoza Flores Selena Antoniela , Gonçalves Latavanha Chisté Ana Luisa , Castillo Fonseca Silvio Miguel
Published: September 2024

Los quistes foliculares son una patología recurrente que afecta al ganado bovino lechero, impactando de manera negativa en los índices reproductivos del rebaño. Esto se traduce en un aumento significativo del intervalo entre partos, ocasionando importantes pérdidas económicas. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este estudio es describir un caso de quistes foliculares en una vaca Holstein en Nicaragua, Centroamérica. Durante una visita técnica a una propiedad ubicada en la comarca Masiguito, perteneciente al municipio de Camoapa, departamento de Boaco, Nicaragua, se identificó una vaca adulta de la raza Holstein, con buena condición corporal (3/5), la cual, según el productor, ha estado en anestro durante varios meses, sin mostrar signos de manifestación de celo. Mediante la inspección clínica y realización de ultrasonografía reproductiva, se diagnosticó la presencia de múltiples quistes foliculares en el ovario izquierdo. Con el fin de tratar esta condición, se implementó un tratamiento hormonal basado en fármacos análogos de hormonas liberadora de gonadotropinas (GnRH) y prostaglandinas (PGF2α). Como resultado, el animal experimentó el retorno del ciclo estral, confirmando mediante examen de imagen la ausencia de los quistes foliculares. Por esta razón, es importante considerar esta condición como un factor diferencial entre las patologías reproductivas que afectan la fertilidad del ganado bovino, y se debe destacar el papel fundamental de la ultrasonografía como herramienta principal para el diagnóstico.
Development or Ecocide? Sociotechnical Imaginaries and Contested Infrastructure in the “Tren Maya” Controversy
Authors: Bertram Daniel , Martínez Nain
Published: September 2024

This article examines the controversy surrounding the Tren Maya railway megaproject in Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula through the lens of sociotechnical imaginaries. We argue that the Tren Maya, much more than a technological intervention, came to embody differing visions of desired futures. Initially promoted by the Andrés Manuel López Obrador administration as a state-led reindustrialization program to mitigate social inequalities, the project was engulfed by the nationalist-developmental imaginary of the so-called “Fourth Transformation.” The local impacts that materialized in the construction process, however, sparked significant socio-environmental conflicts and mobilized a diverse opposition movement comprising indigenous communities, scientific experts, and environmental organizations. As the controversy unfolded, protest actors leveraged various legal mechanisms to challenge the epistemic and normative claims underpinning the government’s plans, eventually giving rise to a subversive imaginary that reframed the Tren Maya as a criminal, “ecocidal” enterprise. Our study reveals the intricate interdependencies between material and discursive processes in the (de)legitimization of competing infrastructural imaginaries and their role in mobilizing social forces. In particular, we underscore the crucial yet often overlooked role of legal channels and institutions in generating, validating, and amplifying imagined futures. By illustrating how social relations and normative ideals are co-produced with technoscientific knowledge and material facts, this research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how different sociotechnical imaginaries interact, compete, and gain traction in the context of infrastructural transformations.
Para além do paradigma liberal: o cosmopolitismo a partir da Teoria crítica das Relações Internacionais
Authors: Salles Jung João Henrique
Published: September 2024

Este artigo visa compreender as múltiplas possibilidades hermenêuticas do cosmopolitismo na discussão teórica das Relações Internacionais, de modo a criticar a hegemonia compreensiva que se tem desta discussão no liberalismo. Como muito do que é discutido nesse campo de estudos, o ideal cosmopolita é algo anterior às Relações Internacionais, sendo debatido, centralmente, na Filosofia Política e no direito internacional. Ao absorver tal debate, as Relações Internacionais tendem a demonstrar no liberalismo a herança do cosmopolitismo, contudo, tanto a Escola inglesa quanto a teoria crítica têm espaços dedicados à tal questão. Assim, ao apontar os déficits normativos da apreensão liberal na formulação de uma proposta cosmopolita às Relações Internacionais, defende-se uma concepção cosmopolita mais próxima destas outras duas escolas supracitadas, as quais conseguem avançar questões mal trabalhadas pela tradição liberal.
Bastiaan van Apeldoorn, Jaša Veselinovič y Naná de Graaff, Trump and the Remaking of American Grand Strategy. The Shift from Open Door Globalism to Economic Nationalism
Authors: Escalera Contreras Carlos Manuel
Published: September 2024

El libro de Bastiaan van Apeldoorn, Jaša Veselinovič y Naná de Graaff es una gran aportación para la comprensión de algunos mecanismos por los cuales la élite corporativa influye en la formulación de políticas a través de la élite estatal, especialmente en la política exterior. Además, la propuesta de los autores permite pensar la continuidad y el cambio en la “gran estrategia” de Estados Unidos (EE.UU.), en particular tras las elecciones de 2016 y la llegada de Donald Trump a la presidencia de ese país (entendiendo por gran estrategia la perspectiva general de los intereses y objetivos del Estado a largo plazo, así como de los medios idóneos para conseguirlos).
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Unveiling the core constructs: A statistical approach to evaluating user experience with Chatbots in higher education (A case study from a university in Ecuador)
Authors: Seraquive Jomar Elizabeth Guzman , Álvarez-Muñoz Patricio , Palacios-Zamora Kerly , Gamboa Dennis Alfredo Peralta , Faytong-Haro Marco
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Chatbots are increasingly utilized in education, offering real-time, personalized communication. While research has explored technical aspects of chatbots, user experience remains under-investigated. This study examines a model for evaluating user experience and satisfaction with chatbots in higher education. Methodology: A four-factor model (information quality, system quality, chatbot experience, user satisfaction) was proposed based on prior research. An alternative two-factor model emerged through exploratory factor analysis, focusing on “Chatbot Response Quality” and “User Experience and Satisfaction with the Chatbot.” Surveys were distributed to students and faculty at a university in Ecuador to collect data. Confirmatory factor analysis validated both models. Results: The two-factor model explained a significantly greater proportion of the data’s variance (55.2%) compared to the four-factor model (46.4%). Conclusion: This study suggests that a simpler model focusing on chatbot response quality and user experience is more effective for evaluating chatbots in education. Future research can explore methods to optimize these factors and improve the learning experience for students.
Beijing consensus diplomacy: A promoter or threat to Africa’s pathway to sustainable development
Authors: Niyitunga Eric Blanco , Ragolane Mahlatse
Published: September 2024

Using a qualitative research methodology and explanatory approach to collect data, we assessed whether the Beijing Consensus diplomacy in Africa is a promoter or threat to Africa’s pathway to sustainable development. The collected data were analysed using document and content analysis techniques. Analysis of the data revealed that the Beijing Consensus diplomacy in Africa is a positive initiative that has created a win-win situation, promoting sustainable development. The Beijing Consensus is opposed to the Washington Consensus, which influenced a win-lose situation that has deepened poverty, making Africa unable to move towards achieving sustainable development. The study found that China’s resource-for-development approach has similarities with pre-colonial Africa’s barter trade approach, which Africans practised in the entire continent. The analysis showed that applying the Beijing Consensus diplomacy to Africa has led to economic growth and development. The results showed that China’s Belt Road Initiative has transformed Africa, changing the continent from poverty to economic productivity, as road infrastructure is associated with economic growth and development. Moreover, it was evident from the analysis that without an African continental foreign policy rooted in continental sovereignty with transparent terms and conditions, Africa’s current benefits from China’s investments would lead to poverty instead of sustainable development. A continental foreign policy would create an African Consensus, which would act on behalf of the entire continent. This African Consensus diplomacy would thus become a continental foreign policy defining Africa globally. However, as it stands, the Beijing Consensus diplomacy is a promoter of sustainable development, but this promotion would not last long without African Consensus diplomacy. The study recommends that Africa should establish a continental foreign policy with African Consensus diplomacy to enable the continent to have one standard foreign policy and goal when trading with China and any other external world.
Global warming, a global energy resource
Authors: Baird Jim
Published: September 2024

Global warming is a thermodynamic problem. When excess heat is added to the climate system, the land warms more quickly than the oceans due to the land’s reduced heat capacity. The oceans have a greater heat capacity because of their higher specific heat and the heat mixing in the upper layer of the ocean. Thermodynamic Geoengineering (TG) is a global cooling method that, when deployed at scale, would generate 1.6 times the world’s current supply of primary energy and remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. The cooling would mirror the ostensible 2008–2013 global warming hiatus. At scale, 31,000 1-gigawatt (GW) ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) plants are estimated to be able to: a) displace about 0.8 watts per square meter (W/m2) of average global surface heat from the surface of the ocean to deep water that could be recycled in 226-year cycles, b) produce 31 terawatts (TW) (relative to 2019 global use of 19.2 TW); c) absorb about 4.3 Gt CO2 per year from the atmosphere by cooling the surface. The estimated cost of these plants is $2.1 trillion per year, or 30 years to ramp up to 31,000 plants, which are replaced as needed thereafter. For example, the cost of world oil consumption in 2019 was $2.3 trillion for 11.6 TW. The cost of the energy generated is estimated at $0.008/KWh.
Koncepcja felicytologii Władysława Tatarkiewicza na tle współczesnych filozofii szczęścia
Authors: Mordarski Ryszard
Published: September 2024

In the paper, I take up the problem of felicitology examined by Władysław Tatarkiewicz. I try to establish its place in practical philosophy, determine its relation to general ethics, analyse the definition of happiness given in it, and discuss the main theories of happiness. Finally, I show the uniqueness of Tatarkiewicz’s treatise O szczęściu [Analysis of Happiness] (1947) by juxtaposing it with similar works written nowadays by other Polish and Western European authors.
Building solidarities and alliances between degrowth and food sovereignty movements
Authors: Pixová Michaela , Spanier Julia , Guerrero Lara Leonie , Smessaert Jacob , Sandwell Katie , Strenchock Logan , Lehner Inea , Feist Jan , Reichelt Lisa , Plank Christina
Published: September 2024

Degrowth and food sovereignty movements share commitments to social-ecological transformation, democracy and the flourishing of human and non-human life. Encounters between the two movements have been relatively limited, however. This contribution is based on a literature review and a workshop held at the 9th International Degrowth Conference in Zagreb, Croatia, in 2023, where activists, academics, and practitioners collectively explored alliance formation between degrowth and food sovereignty movements. It explores the barriers, gaps, and differences in their political and organizing traditions that may block opportunities for collaboration in different contexts. It also investigates cases of mutual support and collective organizing for transformation already in existence.
In-hospital evolution of secondary mitral regurgitation in acutely decompensated heart failure
Authors: Cocianni Daniele , Perotto Maria , Barbisan Davide , Contessi Stefano , Rizzi Jacopo Giulio , Savonitto Giulio , Zocca Eugenio , Brollo Enrico , Soranzo Elisa , De Luca Antonio , Fabris Enrico , Merlo Marco , Sinagra Gianfranco , Stolfo Davide
Published: September 2024

Aims

Secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) negatively affects prognosis in acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF), but can be rapidly sensitive to changes in volume status and medical interventions. We sought to assess the evolution of secondary MR in patients hospitalized for ADHF and its prognostic implications.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 782 patients admitted for ADHF with at least two in-hospital echocardiographic evaluations of MR. We classified MR severity as none-mild or moderate-severe. Based on MR evolution, patients were divided into ‘persistent moderate-severe MR’, ‘improved MR’ (from moderate-severe to none-mild) and ‘persistent none-mild MR’.

Results

Four hundred and forty patients (56%) had moderate-severe MR at first evaluation, of whom 144 (33% of patients with baseline moderate-severe MR) had ‘improved MR’, while 296 (67%) had ‘persistent moderate-severe MR’. Patients with improved MR had better clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters of decongestion at discharge compared with those with persistent moderate-severe MR and showed a higher up-titration of recommended therapies. Left ventricular volume, ejection fraction and serum urea were the predictors of improved MR at multivariable analysis. After adjustment, no differences in 5-years survival (primary outcome) were observed according to baseline MR severity. When patients were stratified according to the in-hospital changes in MR severity, improved MR was associated with lower risk of 5-years mortality, compared with both persistent none-mild MR [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.505, P = 0.032] and persistent moderate-severe MR (HR = 0.556, P = 0.040).

Conclusions

The severity of MR frequently improved during hospitalization for ADHF; the extent and the changes in MR severity during the in-hospital stay identified distinct patient phenotypes, and seemed to portend different long-term outcomes, with higher 5-years survival associated with improvement in MR.
The prevalence of ER-low-positive breast cancer and its relation to tumor characteristics in Syria
Authors: Asaad Remal Abdulaziz , Sudan Hla , Hasan Bailasan , Abdullah Siraj Saadaldin
Published: September 2024

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with varying clinical behaviors and responses to endocrine therapy. In particular, estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer can present with various subtypes, and the effectiveness of anti-hormone therapy on ER-low-positive tumors is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize ER-positive subtypes in patients admitted to the Surgical Oncology Clinic in the National Hospital of Jableh in Syria between 2020 and 2022. Patients and Methods: This study included 120 patients diagnosed with breast cancer; the data from each patient’s report were collected to classify them according to grade, stage, LNR, tumor size, and nodal stage. Results: The prevalence of ER-low-positive subtype was 23.33%. There was a significant difference between ER-negative and ER-positive subtypes concerning age, grade, stage, and LNR. Additionally, we confirmed a variation between ER-low-positive and ER-high-positive tumors, which may explain the difference in therapeutic response in ER-positive tumor patients taking anti-ER drugs. Conclusion: Further research is necessary to study the association between therapeutic response and ER-staining intensity breast cancer subtypes.
The Concept of a Method for Predicting the Cascade Effect Under Conditions of Hybrid Warfare
Authors: WRÓBLEWSKI Wojciech , WIŚNIEWSKI Michał
Published: September 2024

The changing nature of conflicts is creating new challenges in civilian protection. Features of hybrid warfare, such as multidimensionality, synergistic effects, blurring of boundaries, or asymmetricity, force practitioners and scholars to consider new threats. The article examines how the characteristics of hybrid warfare affect the emergence of cascade effects. We conducted research on examples of the war in Ukraine and the Israeli-Palestinian war. The concept of a method for predicting the cascade effect under conditions of hybrid war is proposed. The concept involves using the Six Ways to Die method to take areas affecting the health and life of the civilian population and define a network of object dependencies on which proper functioning of the State in these areas depends. Using complementary tools such as process analysis, risk assessment, Petri nets, and Bayesian network in the form of the Critical Infrastructure Security Situational Management methodology, the authors provide a comprehensive solution for modeling how to protect the life and health of the civilian population. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first holistic study in this issue.
Design and Implementation of Low Power and High Data Rate Edge Coded Signaling Architecture for IoT Devices
Authors: Jamuna M , VijayaPrakash A. M
Published: September 2024

Edge coded signaling (ECS) is a recently introduced communication protocol designed for single-channel signaling among constrained internet of things (IoT) nodes. This study aims to enhance the data rate of ECS, without increasing the clock frequency or power consumption. The goal is to develop an improved protocol that maintains the inherent advantages of ECS while achieving a higher data rate. The proposed solution, double data rate ECS (DDR-ECS), leverages both pulse edges of the ECS pulse stream for information encoding, drawing an analogy to DDR memory systems. The study presents a detailed design of low-power architecture for the DDR-ECS transceiver. This design was synthesized using a 65 nm ASIC process to evaluate its performance in terms of power consumption, gate count, and data rate. The synthesis results demonstrate that the DDR-ECS transceiver preserves the key features of ECS, including tolerance to clock frequency variations and compatibility with lightweight cryptographic algorithms. It effectively doubles the dynamic data rate to the range of 12–73.5 Mb/s while consuming an equivalent power of 13 μW and occupying a compact form factor of only 1,755 gates. The introduction of DDR-ECS represents a significant advancement in the ECS protocol, offering a novel approach to doubling the data rate without increasing the clock frequency or power envelope. This innovation retains the simplicity and efficiency of ECS, providing an enhanced communication solution for constrained IoT nodes.
Inkarnationen des Bösen im sozialistischen Denken
Authors: Pfützner Robert
Published: September 2024

From a Western, democratic perspective, the state socialism that existed until 1989 was criticised, not without justification, as an “evil empire” (Reagan). The Gulag, Pol Pot’s mass murders or Ceaușescu’s dictatorship show evident elements of evil in socialism. However, a different perspective is taken in the essay. From an internal hermeneutic perspective, it asks what forms of evil emerged within socialist thought. From a cultural-theoretical point of view, socialism is seen as a belief system and moral framework. Evil appears in this framework as (1) abstract evil, as (2) evil in others, and as (3) evil in oneself. These three figurations will be illuminated.
Die Differenz im Einssein Notizen zur arendtschen „Banalität des Bösen“
Authors: Cioflec Eveline
Published: September 2024

This paper takes up the controversial arendtian term “banality of evil” and shows how plurality rooted in non-indifference is necessary for preventing us from acting bad. Distinct from “radical Evil” the “Banality of Evil” is not in itself banal. Evil deeds sneak into everyday life if being-one with oneself by consulting with oneself on the actions to be taken is missing. Hence, being-one presupposes plurality for the inner dialogue. As a matter of fact, plurality is rooted in the natality of human beings, in being born as being separated and differentiated from others. Nevertheless, conscious plurality as active non-indifference in thought and judgment is yet necessary.
Die deutsche Konjunktur seit 2020 und die strukturelle Schwäche der Industrie
Authors: Hohlfeld Peter , Theobald Thomas
Published: September 2024

The German economy has been suffering from multiple crises in recent years. This is regularly reflected in the outcome of leading economic indicators, such as the monthly “IMK Konjunkturindikator”. Structural developments are difficult to identify in such an environment. However, the German economy’s dominant “business model” for much of the 2000s, which consisted of strong export-led growth, appears to have come under pressure not only in the automotive industry. Rather, competition from China is also being felt in large parts of the machine building and electrical industries. Without a significant increase in public investment in Germany and a consistent European industrial policy, there is little hope that the secondary sector will be able to provide an economic stimulus to overcome the current stagnation in Germany.
Novelties in the regulatory practice of reporting on sustainable development in the Russian Federation
Authors: MAR'INA Ekaterina D.
Published: September 2024

Subject. The article analyzes the latest changes and trends in the regulation of sustainable development reporting in the Russian Federation.
Objectives. The study is aimed to review the Russian regulatory framework for organizing and reporting on sustainable development in the context of expanding the agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals, consider the key aspects of sustainable development reporting in the Russian jurisdiction, including new requirements, methods of measuring effectiveness reflected in guidance documents of Russian regulators.
Methods. The study employs general scientific research methods, like detailing, generalization, analysis, synthesis, and description.
Results. The regulation of the process of reports on sustainable development preparation is being transformed in response to the changing market conditions and emergence of global reporting standards. The current state of regulatory practice is characterized by the lack of legislative consolidation of the obligation to prepare reports, which complicates the process of data comparability of these organizations demonstrating a responsible approach to business. I analyzed the approaches of the Bank of Russia and the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation to take into account ESG factors in the formation of the reports.
Conclusions. The fragmented regulation of the preparation process of reports on sustainable development is caused by the absence of a single legal instrument of mandatory application, the existence of internal initiatives of regulatory authorities aimed at improving the reporting practices of economic actors who chose a sustainable development vector.
Assessment of regional financial risk based on an integrated approach
Authors: SEREBRYAKOVA Tat'yana Yu. , MEDYAKOV Svyatoslav V.
Published: September 2024

Subject. The article considers a comprehensive model to assess the financial risk of the region.
Objectives. The aim is to develop a financial risk prevention model that integrates economic, social, political, environmental, and financial indicators, having a significant impact on the economy.
Methods. The study rests on methods of synthesis, analysis, comparison, and economic and mathematical calculations, i.e. weighted summation with preliminary normalization of each estimated indicator. The process of data collection, normalization, selection of indicator weights, and calculation of integral indicator of financial risk was implemented for 2022.
Results. We established the presence of financial risks in the region. Both the results and the model itself can be useful for further research. The advantage of the model is the relative small number of applied indicators. This facilitates the collection of information, its processing and evaluation. The evaluation of the above calculations reflects the conditionality of ranking. The results that reflect dynamics are more indicative.
Conclusions. The formed model, when assessing regional financial risk, enables to take into account the multidimensionality of modern regional economies.
Comparative analysis of the predictive power of statistical models of macroeconomic indicators in conditions of permanent crises
Authors: GRISHUNIN Sergei V. , SULOEVA Svetlana B. , BUROVA Ekaterina V. , BOGDANOVA Tat'yana A.
Published: September 2024

Subject. The article discusses prediction of the state of the economy, the accuracy of forecasts of traditional models during crises, the need to find more effective model specifications to predict macro indicators.
Objectives. The purpose is to carry out a comparative analysis of the predictive ability of ensemble methods in comparison with a set of models, including traditional statistical algorithms and machine learning algorithms.
Methods. The comparative analysis of predictive ability of the models and interpretation of results obtained were performed using a dynamic factor model (DFM), a neural network with long-term short-term memory (LSTM), and integrated gradient methods (IG).
Results. We performed the analysis of predictive ability of the ensemble model to forecast GDP, which combines DFM and LSTM to account for both linear and nonlinear dependencies in the data; the analysis of predictive power of various indicators, which showed that an increase in forecast error is observed for all models except DFM, the ensemble model with an error correction structure, and ARMAX. The obtained results can be used to build models of macroeconomic indicators in order to make strategic decisions by enterprises of various industries operating in a highly uncertain environment.
Conclusions. The combination of DFM and LSTM in the ensemble provides higher accuracy forecasts than LSTM and competitor models, however, with less predictive power than DFM.
Review of the monograph Strategizing of the Tourism and Trade Show Industries in the Russian Far East
Authors: BELETSKII Andrei A.
Published: September 2024

The collective monograph Strategizing of the Tourism and Trade Show Industries in the Russian Far East was prepared by a team of young scientists from the Economic and Financial Strategy Department dealing with designing and developing the theoretical foundations and practice of strategizing at the level of enterprises, industries, regions, and countries of the world. The presented scientific publication develops an up-to-date comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the tourism industry as an "aggregated" branch of the economy, covering more than 110 related industries and having a significant multiplier effect. The object of the analysis is the Russian Far East, a huge geographical space characterized by significant imbalances in socio–economic development, which determine the starting conditions for involvement of the rich natural and recreational potential of the Far Eastern territories in the tourist turnover. The uniqueness and practical significance of the monograph is that it formulates theoretical and methodological foundations for strategizing the tourism industry and exhibition and fair activities, based on the universal theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing by V.L. Kvint, a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, taking into account the industry specifics of the object of strategizing. Furthermore, the work presents a comprehensive analysis of resource support for tourism development in the said territory.
Erektil disfonksiyonda Trombositten Zengin Plazma (TZP) tedavisi
Authors: Çiftçi Osman Çağatay , Demirelli Erhan
Published: September 2024

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. The prevalence of ED increases with age. The etiological causes of ED may be vasculogenic, neurogenic, anatomic, hormonal, drug-induced and/or psychogenic. Phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme inhibitors (PDE5-i) are used as the first-line treatment for ED. Recently, regenerative therapies have become popular in the treatment of ED. PRP therapy is one of the most popular regenerative ED treatments. Various growth factors and cytokines secreted from the α-granules contained in platelets have been shown to provide tissue regeneration in PRP treatment. These cytokines play important roles in cell proliferation, chemotaxis, cell differentiation and angiogenesis. Animal studies have shown that PRP improves myelin regeneration, reduces corporal atrophy, and improves erectile function. Although clinical studies have shown the positive effects of PRP on ED, the data are not yet sufficient to make a clear recommendation. Keywords: erectile dysfunction, platelet rich plasma, regenerative therapy
ChatGPT’nin kadınlarda alt üriner sistem semptomları ile ilgili soruları yanıtlama performansının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Öztürk Abuzer , Ergin İsmail Emre
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: ChatGPT is a language model developed by OpenAI. As a language model, ChatGPT can be used for various natural language processing tasks, such as answering questions, providing information, engaging in conversations, and more. We aimed to evaluate ChatGPT’s suitability to accurately inform patients and medical students by analyzing the reliability and accuracy of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) information in women. MATERIAL and METHODS: Systematically organized frequently asked questions from urology association websites, hospitals, and social media platforms regarding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women, along with questions compiled from European Association of Urology (EAU) recommendations, were analyzed. All questions were systematically submitted to ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 versions. Two expert urologists independently evaluated the data and answers to the questions and assigned scores from 1 to 4 to each answer. RESULTS: A hundred and three frequently asked questions and 36 questions compiled from EAU guideline recommendations regarding LUTS in women were included in the study. 83.50% of the frequently asked questions (85.44% for version 4.0) and 80.56% of the questions compiled from EAU recommendations (80.56% for version 4.0) were rated as ‘completely correct’ (Grade 1). The rate of completely incorrect answers to the questions (Grade 4) was 0.97% in the frequently asked questions group (0.97% for version 4.0) and 2.78% in the guide-based questions group (2.78% for version 4.0). The success rate of both versions in answering questions was found to be close to each other. CONCLUSION: ChatGPT provided acceptable responses to the posed questions. Despite its limitations, we believe that utilizing this continuously evolving platform under the guidance of urologists in urology clinics will contribute to the diagnosis and treatment processes for patients and their families. Keywords: artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, education, female LUTS
Gebe kadınların genital benlik imajı cinsel memnuniyetlerini etkiler mi?: Kesitsel bir çalışma
Authors: Baltacı Nazlı , Atilla Rabia , Doğan Yüksekol Özlem
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of genital self-image on sexual satisfaction in pregnant women. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, 513 pregnant women who applied to the pregnancy follow-up outpatient clinics of a hospital in eastern Türkiye between June 2022 and January 2023 were included. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the pregnant women who were eligible to participate in the study using the “Pregnant Information Form,” “Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSI),” and “Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W).” Data were analysed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the pregnant women was 30.88±4.52 years and the mean gestational age was 25.17±9.38 weeks. The majority of women stated that their sexual desire decreased during pregnancy and that they had sexual intercourse once a week during pregnancy. The mean FGSI score of the pregnant women was 19.02±3.96 and the mean SSS-W score was 78.82±11.06. A weak positive significant correlation was observed between the mean FGSI and SSS-W scores of pregnant women (p <0.01). According to regression analysis, genital self-image of pregnant women significantly affected sexual satisfaction in a positive manner (p <0.01). CONCLUSION: Sexual satisfaction of pregnant women appeared to be at a low level when their genital self-image was at a moderate level; furthermore, sexual satisfaction increased when their genital self-image became more positive. Keywords: genital self-image, pregnant women, sexual health, sexual satisfaction
Benign prostat obstrüksiyonu için yapılan minimal invaziv cerrahi terapilerin seksüel fonksiyonlar üzerine etkileri
Authors: Filtekin Yiğit Can , Canat Halil Lütfi
Published: September 2024

The aim of this review is to compare the effects of minimally invasive surgical therapies (MIST) on sexual function in the treatment of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Compared to conventional methods, minimally invasive techniques have a less detrimental impact on sexual functions, such as erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory disorders. Nowadays, there is an increasing patient expectation for the preservation of sexual function, which has further elevated the importance of MIST techniques. Long-term outcomes of techniques such as Rezum™, UroLift®, Aquablation®, Transperineal Laser Ablation –TPLA (Echolaser® TPLA, Elesta S.p.A., Calenzano, Italy), iTind®, and Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) support their positive effects on sexual function. Although the variability in the questionnaires assessing sexual function makes cross-study comparisons challenging, meta-analyses have observed that MIST techniques tend to preserve sexual function. These treatment methods are particularly recommended for patients with mild to moderate urinary symptoms who are concerned about losing sexual function. However, it should be noted that they may fall short in improving urinary parameters compared to the gold standard, TURP. Keywords: BPO, sexual outcomes, erectile dysfunction, ejaculation, MIST, iTind, Rezum, TPLA, PAE, aquablation, PUL
Tipik muayene bulguları olmadan üretral yaralanmanın eşlik ettiği penil fraktür: Nadir bir olgu sunumu
Authors: Ekenci Berk Yasin , Durak Hüseyin Mert , Özkan Ömer Akın , Karakoyunlu Ahmet Nihat , Sarı Hilmi , Yalçınkaya Fatih
Published: September 2024

Penile fractures typically present unilaterally, although bilateral occurrences account for 2–10% of cases. Urethral injury concomitant with penile fracture is exceedingly rare and constitutes a urologic emergency. Emergency surgery is widely accepted as the standard approach. In the presented case, a 25-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department approximately two hours after experiencing blunt trauma to the penis during sexual intercourse, accompanied by a sudden crackling sound. Physical examination did not reveal classic signs of penile fracture such as eggplant deformity, butterfly sign, or penile deviation; however, urethrorrhagia was evident. Ultrasonography revealed a defect in the tunica albuginea at the distal portion of both cavernous bodies. Retrograde urethrography demonstrated filling of the corpus cavernosum from the urethra with an opaque substance. Surgical exploration identified rupture along two fracture lines on the dorsal aspect of the urethra. Primary anastomosis of the urethra was performed over a Foley catheter, and defects in both corpus cavernosum were sutured. This case underscores the variability in presentation of penile fractures and emphasizes the necessity of considering urethral injury in cases of penile fracture with associated symptoms. Keywords: penile erection, urethra, trauma
Cinsel fizyolojide ve genital anatomide kadın ile erkek arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar
Authors: Kabadayı Elif , Başgöl Şükran
Published: September 2024

Sexuality, while differing in definitions and perceptions, has existed since the dawn of humanity. It is a multifaceted concept that begins in the antenatal period and continues throughout life, influenced by physiological, psychological, economic, social, and cultural factors, and is essential for reproductive capability and the continuation of the species. Genital organs involved in reproductive function exhibit differences in structure, shape, and position between males and females. Men’s role in reproduction is limited to sperm production and its delivery to the female reproductive system. In contrast, women’s role in reproduction is much more complex, encompassing ovum production, fertilization, the continuation of the pregnancy, and all stages up to the birth of the fetus. Consequently, the differences in sexual physiology and genital anatomy between males and females are highlighted by the complexity and scope of these roles in the reproductive process. This review examines in detail the differences in sexual physiology and genital anatomy between males and females. The structural and functional characteristics of the reproductive systems reflect the gender-specific functions, revealing the complexity of the reproductive process. These insights provide a fundamental basis for evaluating sexual health and for training healthcare professionals. Therefore, anatomical and physiological knowledge is considered a valuable resource for the development of sexual health services. Keywords: genital anatomy, men, sexuality sexual response cycle, woman