bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corinthian Ignorance: Knowledge-Language and the Cultivation of Anxious Affects in 1 Corinthians
Authors: Bell Brigidda
Published: November 2022

The Corinthian assembly has been characterized by scholarship as full of anxieties that Paul writes to appease: anxieties about ritual impurity (1 Cor. 5:1–13), death (15:12–34), social relations (7:1–24), and other matters that occasion social conflict within the group. Paul, however, also writes in ways that evoke and fan anxiety, particularly through his appeals to knowledge. Knowledge is a central theme throughout 1 Corinthians, and in his use of knowledge-language Paul highlights a distinct lack or insufficiency in the knowledge of his audience. Mediated through the affective technology of the letter, the repeated impressions of unknowing, ignorance, and lack have the potential to coalesce in their audience into negative feelings around the threat of incurring shame. While Paul may rhetorically employ this language to position himself as a broker of right knowledge, the consequences of his rhetorical choices may emerge in his audience as a distinct set of anxious feelings read within the affective script of Roman verecundia.
Embryogeny of Bosmina longirostris (O. F. Müller, 1785) (Bosminidae) confirms a close relationship to the superfamily Eurycercoidea (Branchiopoda, Cladocera, Anomopoda)
Authors: Uhlik Marcin E. , Brzeziński Tomasz
Published: November 2022

The embryonic stages of the anomopod Bosmina longirostris of the family Bosminidae were elucidated by scanning electron microscopy. Along with the corresponding stages of Bosmina coregoni described by Kotov (2001), these findings have enabled a comparison to Dunhevedia crassa, as a representative species of the family Chydoridae, and to Eurycercus lamellatus of the family Eurycercidae. In general, the developmental patterns are similar in these four species, particularly from blastulation to the first instar. The principal difference during embryogenesis is that in D. crassa and B. longirostris five thoracopods (six in E. lamellatus) are differentiated already with endo- and exopodites.
On Cryptocoeloma haswelli Rathbun, 1923 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Pilumnidae): taxonomy and first record from Hong Kong and Taiwan
Authors: Ng Peter K. L. , Wong Kingsley J. H. , Tsang Chandler Tsz To , Tsang Ling Ming
Published: November 2022

The poorly known pilumnid crab Cryptocoeloma haswelli Rathbun, 1923, is redescribed and figured at length on the basis of fresh specimens from Hong Kong and Taiwan, both of which constitute new local records. The male is redescribed and figured as the only previous account of it had been based on a gynandromorph. The species is also compared in detail with Heteropilumnus fimbriatus (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) with which it has been previously confused.
Gradually elevated salinities alter the haemolymph metabolic profile and nitrogenous wastes of the mature Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (Decapoda, Varunidae)
Authors: Wang Ruifang , Shen Chenchen , Feng Guangpeng , Zhuang Ping , Huang Xiaorong , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2022

To understand the metabolic adjustments and nitrogen excretion in haemolymph of mature Eriocheir sinensis during the reproductive migration from fresh water to seawater, haemolymph metabolic variations and nitrogenous wastes were determined after gradual acclimation of females and males from fresh water to different salinities (7, 14, 21, 28 and 35). Total protein content in both female and male crabs was reduced with increased salinity. The contents of lipids including triglyceride and cholesterol significantly decreased at salinities of 0-21, suggesting the lipids of E. sinensis might be mobilized to produce energy for osmoregulation and gonad development at a different salinity. Interestingly, the lipid levels in the females were higher than those in the males, implying the females need to store more lipids to prepare for reproduction. The glucose level was low in this study, which was related to the diet with high protein. Haemolymph urea and uric acid level together decreased at first and then increased, indicating that E. sinensis could regulate the nitrogen excretion pattern by inhibiting or activating ureogenesis and uricogenesis to acclimate to a different osmotic environment. Notably, the females might be more tolerant to salinity increase and have a faster metabolic reorganization than males. These facts could indicate that a different strategy has been employed in mature E. sinensis when encountering salinity stress during the reproductive migration form fresh water to seawater.
A new species of pea crab of the genus Indopinnixa Manning & Morton, 1987 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) from Flores in eastern Indonesia, with a key to the genus
Authors: Ng Peter K. L. , Rahayu Dwi Listyo
Published: November 2022

A new species of pinnotherid crab, Indopinnixa latimerus n. sp. is described on the basis of a female specimen from the island of Flores in Indonesia. This new species resembles I. oryza Naruse & Maenosono, 2012 in having a subovate carapace, without any protuberance on the lateral margin, and a distally expanded merus of the fourth ambulatory leg, but differs in the shape of the frontal margin, and the density of the setation of the carapace and chelipeds. A key to the nine known species of Indopinnixa is provided.
The Charism Scale
Authors: Pollefeyt Didier , van Rooij Fons , Bouwens Jan
Published: November 2022

Educational Charismic traditions, like Marist Education in the Champagnat tradition, among many other charisms, are different ways of ‘enfleshing’ and ‘flavouring’ the Gospel of Christ. They are about the incarnation of the Christian message, a particular expression of what it means to be Christian within the context of one’s own time, place and culture. What are the characteristics, and particular emphases, of such ‘enfleshments’? The Charism Scale is a new empirical survey instrument designed to assist schools to explore the degree to which their foundational charisms exist and the way they take shape. The multi-variate attitude scale is based on five empirically confirmed dimensions to which various educational charismic traditions respond in different ways. It is ‘in the mix’ that the particularities of each charismic tradition emerge. This empirical data enables school communities to identify and strengthen the particular charismic flavour they bring to the Catholicity of the school.
In Signum Benevoli Affectus IV: Menasseh ben Israel’s Album Inscription for Hermannus Jacobi
Authors: Postma Ferenc , Verheij Arian
Published: November 2022

In 1650, Menasseh ben Israel entered an inscription in the album amicorum owned by Hermannus Jacobi from Hanover. This article, the fourth in a series on Menasseh’s album inscriptions, comprises a biographical sketch of Jacobi, followed by a photograph, a transcription, a translation, and an analysis of the inscription itself. Reference is made as well to Menasseh’s inscription in the album amicorum, now lost, of Henricus Schmettavius / Heinrich Schmettau, a student of theology from Silesia.
Maritime Delimitations in the Mediterranean: Current Challenges
Authors: Oanta Gabriela A.
Published: November 2022

The Mediterranean Sea has always been a reflection of scenarios of cooperation and conflict. In the last decade, the discovery of hydrocarbons, especially large gas deposits, has activated some of the latent legal and political conflicts in this region, transferring to the sea the problems that already existed on land. This is most visible in the case of the delimitation of maritime zones of the 23 States and State-like entities, whose coasts in the Mediterranean are adjacent or opposite each other. This article focuses on the maritime delimitations made conventionally or unilaterally in the Meditarranean Sea since 2010 as well as on the current implications of such delimitations. Therefore, it will be divided into three main parts, dealing with the Eastern Mediterranean, the Central Mediterranean and the Western Mediterranean. Each main part first addresses the maritime delimitations since 2010 in each of these three areas, and then the legal, economic and political challenges that each area is facing as a consequence of these maritime delimitations.
Tensions and Cooperation in Realizing Maritime Security in the Mediterranean Sea: The Examples of Maritime Terrorism and Irregular Migration
Authors: Galani Sofia
Published: November 2022

Maritime security is of vital importance to all coastal States in the Mediterranean. Whereas States in the region continue to understand maritime security differently, this article will show that there is a strong security interconnectedness in the Mediterranean Sea. Threats and criminality in one country often spill over across the Mediterranean affecting all other coastal States. Accordingly, this article will emphasise the importance of interstate cooperation in achieving maritime security in the Mediterranean. In doing so, it will focus on two ongoing threats – maritime terrorism and irregular migration – that originate from only a handful of littoral States but have been affecting maritime security across the Mediterranean. The discussion will show that in spite of the common threats, the unique landscape and jurisdictional framework in the Mediterranean have caused tensions between the coastal States, hindering the interstate cooperation required to achieve maritime security in the region.
Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources in a Time of Climate Change: An Overview of Initiatives in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Fornalé Elisa , Cristani Federica , Sales Vilane Gonçalves
Published: November 2022

Global fish and seafood production has more than doubled in the last fifty years, with Europe accounting for 16% of the worldwide capture production. Fishing has not only contributed to a worldwide decrease in biodiversity, but it has also had a significant impact on marine ecosystems. And in this regard, as highlighted by the 2020 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) report, the Mediterranean Sea has showed the highest percentage of stocks fished at unsustainable levels out of all the FAO’s Major Fishing Areas. In the related scenario, climate change may worsen the problem and offer a new threat to the long-term survival of the fishing sector. Within this framework, a number of key questions arise: how can fisheries governance react (or not react) to the new challenges of climate change? What international and European policies are currently in place for dealing with this problem? And, lastly, are they adequate for the new climate change challenges? This article aims to raise the attention on these crucial issues by providing a preliminary overview of the major challenges that affect the resilience of fisheries management in the Mediterranean Sea and of the relevant international and European policies that have been developed so far.
The Biophysical Impacts of Idealized Afforestation on Surface Temperature in China: Local and Nonlocal Effects
Authors: Chen Chaorong , Ge Jun , Guo Weidong , Cao Yipeng , Liu Yu , Luo Xing , Yang Limei
Published: November 2022

Afforestation can impact surface temperature through local and nonlocal biophysical effects. However, the local and nonlocal effects of afforestation in China have rarely been explicitly investigated. In this study, we separate the local and nonlocal effects of idealized afforestation in China based on a checkerboard method and the regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Two checkerboard pattern–like afforestation simulations (AFF1/4 and AFF3/4) with regularly spaced afforested and unaltered grid cells are performed; afforestation is implemented in one out of every four grid cells in AFF1/4 and in three out of every four grid cells in AFF3/4. The mechanisms for the local and nonlocal effects are examined through the decomposition of the surface energy balance. The results show that the local effects dominate surface temperature responses to afforestation in China, with a cooling effect of approximately −1.00°C for AFF1/4 and AFF3/4. In contrast, the nonlocal effects warm the land surface by 0.14°C for AFF1/4 and 0.41°C for AFF3/4. The local cooling effects mainly result from 1) enhanced sensible and latent heat fluxes and 2) decreases in downward shortwave radiation due to increased low cloud cover fractions. The nonlocal warming effects mainly result from atmospheric feedbacks, including 1) increases in downward shortwave radiation due to decreased low cloud cover fractions and 2) increases in downward longwave radiation due to increased middle and high cloud cover fractions. This study highlights that, despite the unexpected nonlocal warming effect, afforestation in China still has great potential in mitigating climate warming through biophysical processes.
Ukraine Crisis and Shifting Sands in North Africa
Authors: Bhattacharya Samir
Published: November 2022

Located in northwest Africa, Western Sahara was under Spanish occupation from 1884–1975. Some of the world’s richest fishing waters can be found in Western Sahara. It also holds one of the world’s most extensive phosphates reserves. Since 1975, Morocco has been de facto governing over 80% of the land known as the Moroccan Sahara. Polisario Front, backed by Algeria, has been fighting for the independent Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). Despite an UN-mediated ceasefire in 1991 for a referendum for self-determination and the presence of Mission for the Organization of a Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) to oversee the process, the referendum never took place. In December 2020, President Trump recognized Moroccan claim over Western Sahara in exchange for a normalization deal between Morocco and Israel. While President Biden’s administration now appears to support Trump’s policy tacitly, the Ukraine crisis has provided Algeria with a fresh opportunity. Algeria is Europe’s biggest gas exporter in Africa. Moreover, it is also a strong ally of Russia. As Spain backed Morocco’s proposition to create an autonomous Western Sahara territory under Moroccan control, this change of position will undoubtedly disturb the North-African diplomatic equilibrium, and the implications could be dangerous.
Effect of load, sliding frequency, and temperature on tribological properties of graphene nanoplatelets coated carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Singh Mayank , Dodla Srihari , Gautam Rakesh K , Srivastava Vijay Kumar
Published: November 2022

The present work primarily focuses on the thermo-mechanical and physical properties of polymer composites. The effects of normal load, sliding frequency, and temperature on the reciprocating sliding performance of Carbon fiber (CF) segments are evaluated. These CF segments are coated with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (epoxy) composites (CFRPs). Experiments are carried out at three different normal loads (55 N, 75 N, and 95 N), sliding frequency (8 Hz, 12 Hz, and 16 Hz), and temperature (25°C, 40°C, and 60°C). The experiments are conducted for 20 min with a constant stroke length of 1.5 mm against a 62 HRC hardened chrome steel ball as a counter surface material. Optical microscopy and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) have been used to examine the worn surfaces. In addition, an artificial neural network (ANN) is applied to model the coefficient of friction on the basis of different parameters. It has been observed that adding GNPs to carbon fiber strands improves the strand’s bonding tendency with the matrix, resulting in an increase in wear resistance. With the addition of GNPs on carbon fiber strands, the specific wear rate decreased by 32.39%, respectively, while the thermal conductivity increased by 47.95%. The coefficient of friction increases with the normal load up to 75 N and then drops. This is due to fiber fragments and friction film at high loads. As the sliding frequency and temperature increase, the friction coefficient gets reduced. It has been found that the ANN model is able to predict the coefficient of friction with high accuracy.
International Negotiations in the Shadow of Elections
Authors: Melnick Justin , Smith Alastair
Published: November 2022

Within a formal model of international agreements in the shadow of renegotiations and domestic competition, we highlight three important ways elections shape international agreements. Elections determine who will be in control of policy in the future, which affects how leaders bargain today. Elections also determine the deals policymakers will agree to. Finally, proposers have the opportunity to shape the contours of domestic political competition with what is offered in pre-electoral bargaining. We identify that several canonical results in the literature – like the Schelling conjecture or the idea that hawkish leaders have an innate bargaining advantage over dovish leaders – only hold under certain restrictions on how voters evaluate their leaders. In contrast, we show paradoxically that when voters are prospective, electoral incentives shade the ability for domestic leaders to negotiate better deals for their publics. Counterintuitively, this leads to hawks agreeing to more conciliatory agreements than doves.
Harm Reduction, Humanistic Psychology, and the CRPD
Authors: D’Ambrozio Gianna , Cosgrove Lisa , Lilly Samantha , McCarthy Timothy
Published: November 2022

Harm reduction, which was initially developed as a public health response to illicit drug use, has relevance to the prescription of psychotropic medication. Indeed, focusing on the agency of people who use drugs—licit or illicit—facilitates a more authentic engagement with treatment. In this paper, we show how the framework of harm reduction is congruent with the guiding principles of both humanistic psychology and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Moreover, applying a harm reduction model to psychotropic drug use raises awareness that there are risks to taking these medications, risks which are frequently glossed over because of the emphasis on medication adherence and compliance. We provide case examples of organizations that take a person-centered (vs. medication-centered) approach to people experiencing mental health crises. In their unique ways, these organizations embody the principles of harm reduction and the humanistic impulse that informs the CRPD.
A Scoping Review of School-Based Sexuality Education for Children With Disabilities
Authors: Stoffers Melissa , Barnes Tia Navelene , Xia Yu , Jackson Jurni
Published: November 2022

Individuals with disabilities often have limited access to school-based sexuality education (SE). This scoping review identified the characteristics of school-based SE intervention programs implemented for students with disabilities. Six electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles: 30 articles published between 1969 and 2020 met inclusion criteria. Some interventions included children from multiple disability categories ( n = 6) or were unclear about disability diagnoses ( n = 3). Other interventions focused on specific disabilities, including intellectual and developmental disability ( n = 8), learning disability ( n = 4 ), autism ( n = 3), physical disability ( n = 3), emotional disturbance ( n = 2), and hearing impairment ( n = 1). Topics of instruction included comprehensive sexuality education ( n = 8), the human body ( n = 8), safety ( n = 8), hygiene and menstrual care ( n = 6), and social and relationship skills ( n = 5). Few studies addressed students’ intersectional identities.
Infecundity and the Principle of Double Effect in the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith’s 2018 Responsum on Hysterectomy
Authors: Dezort Steven
Published: November 2022

In a responsum from 2018, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) judged hysterectomy as permissible when a uterus is unable to bring any pregnancy to term, raising the question of why such hysterectomy does not constitute direct sterilization forbidden by previous responsa from 1975 and 1993. This paper outlines these theological views, both supportive and against, concerning the consistency of the CDF’s 2018 decision with both its 1993 responsa and the Principle of Double Effect (PDE). It argues that the Principle of Double Effect (PDE) can be applied to explain the CDF’s judgement, provided that the hysterectomy is regarded as concerning infecundity, the inability to have a live birth. In cases of hysterectomy concerning sterilization, the preservation of the woman’s life (the good effect) is evaluated against her sterilization (the bad effect). In cases of hysterectomy concerning infecundity, sexual intercourse without miscarriages (the good effect) is evaluated against the removal of the uterus (the bad effect). This paper argues that, when the hysterectomy described by the CDF in its 2018 re sponsum is evaluated in terms of the PDE as concerning infecundity, such hysterectomy is found to meet all four conditions and is therefore permissible.
Social reproduction, labour and austerity: Carrying the future
Authors: Hall Sarah Marie
Published: November 2022

For many young adults in the UK, austerity has restricted capacities to access secure housing, employment and social welfare, with sharp implications for reproduction and reproductive futures. Exploring these lived reproductive experiences, this article develops a conceptual framework that brings together social reproduction, emotional labour and relational work in new ways, specifically through the concept of ‘carrying’. Carrying, I argue, beholds a range of embodied, emotional and laborious qualities that are required for contemporary social reproduction. To demonstrate, I draw on research based in the North East of England, as an area that has seen detrimental cuts in the name of austerity and has some of the lowest fertility rates in the UK. Empirical examples come from 12 in-depth Oral History and Future interviews, a technique specifically developed to explore present-day narratives about (not) having any or more children. It is argued that the emotional, embodied and relational labour of carrying is key to understanding the experience of reproduction in this context, particularly regarding (1) carrying possibilities, (2) carrying bodies and (3) carrying instabilities. These forms of labour often go unnoticed and unchecked and yet can shed new light on reproduction. To close, I argue that because the labour of reproduction is carried forward into the life-course, reproductive futures are yet another way in which social inequalities can widen further under austerity.
Defining and Operationalizing Eight Forms of Eudaimonia and Hedonia and Assessing Tourism-Specific Context-Dependency
Authors: Demeter Csilla , MacInnes Sarah , Dolnicar Sara
Published: November 2022

The development of wellbeing during a vacation and immediately afterward is well understood. It remains unclear, however, how eudaimonia and hedonia differ across typical home and vacation contexts. Given that eudaimonia and hedonia drive behavior, understanding contextual differences can guide the development of targeted behavioral change interventions, including those that entice tourists to behave in more environmentally or socially sustainable ways. This study (1) introduces to tourism research a conceptual framework that unambiguously defines eight forms of eudaimonia and hedonia, (2) operationalizes them, and (3) investigates their context dependency empirically. State level hedonia and eudaimonia are substantially higher on vacation, suggesting they represent promising targets for behavioral change interventions. The definitions and operationalization of the eight forms of eudaimonia and hedonia offer a unifying framework that facilitates cumulative tourism knowledge development on the role of hedonia and eudaimonia in tourism by ensuring new insights relate to the exact same constructs.
How Three-Arm Random Assignment Within Sites can Improve Non-Experimental Cross-Site Estimates of the Relationship Between Program Characteristics and Impact
Authors: Peck Laura R. , Moulton Shawn R.
Published: November 2022

This article considers a new method, called Cross-Site Attributional Model Improved by Calibration to Within-Site Individual Randomization Findings (abbreviated as “CAMIC”), which seeks to reduce bias in analyses of the contributions of a program’s various design, implementation, and contextual characteristics to its overall impacts. It requires a multi-site experiment where some (or all) sites randomize individuals to one of three arms: a standard treatment group, an enhanced treatment group (that receives the standard treatment plus a program “enhancement”), or a control group (that has no access to the program). A recent evaluation—that of the Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) program—provides a motivating example of this design and its potential for both methodological and substantive lessons; and the article considers other evaluations that would be fitting for deploying and learning from CAMIC. We conclude that the promise for CAMIC lies in situations where the correlations between the selected program enhancement and alternative program characteristics of interest are relatively high, implying that producing an experimental estimate of the enhancement can reduce bias in the estimation of other non-randomized program characteristics.
Intersectoral collaboration in home-based end-of-life pediatric cancer care: A qualitative multiple-case study integrating families’ and professionals’ experiences
Authors: Hammer Nanna Maria , Hansson Helena , Pedersen Line Hjøllund , Abitz Maja , Sjøgren Per , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Bidstrup Pernille Envold , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard , Olsen Marianne
Published: November 2022

Background:

Many children and adolescents with incurable cancer and their families prefer to receive end-of-life care and to die at home. This implies a transition of care from hospital to home and presupposes the establishment of a well-functioning collaboration between the family and professionals across health care sectors.

Aim:

To identify and explore key elements of home-based end-of-life care collaboration for children with cancer, as experienced by their parents and grandparents and the hospital- and community-based professionals involved.

Design:

Descriptive qualitative multiple-case study. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and written responses to open-ended questions, and analyzed inductively across cases using qualitative content analysis.

Setting/participants:

Cases comprised a criterion sample of five children (aged <18 years), who died of cancer at home. Cases were represented by the children’s bereaved parents ( n = 8) and grandparents ( n = 7), and community-based professionals ( n = 16). Also, hospital-based professionals ( n = 10) were interviewed about the children’s end-of-life care through group interviews.

Results:

We identified five main themes, describing key elements of the end-of-life collaboration: Establishing the collaboration, Bolstering family life, Elucidating organization and integration, Managing challenges, and Closing the collaboration. These themes all came under the overarching theme: A mutual trust-based collaboration. On this basis, we developed the “Home-Based Pediatric End-of-Life Care Model for Children with Cancer.”

Conclusions:

By highlighting key elements in the family-centered, intersectoral and interprofessional end-of-life care collaboration, our “Home-Based Pediatric End-of-Life Care Model for Children with Cancer” offers a framework for further optimization of home-based end-of-life care services for children with cancer and their families.
Rapid diagnosis of a complex oral mucosal infection using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a case report
Authors: Song Yuhan , Song Fujie , Liu Shangfeng , Chen Shuang , Song Zhifeng
Published: November 2022

The most commonly used methods for pathogen detection and identification in oral mucosal infectious diseases are DNA or RNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection, bacterial or fungal cultures, and immunohistochemical analysis. These traditional methods are time-consuming and can only detect one specific targeted pathogen at a time. An efficient and sensitive method with higher species richness is urgently needed. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a new method of pathogen detection with high efficiency and sensitivity. In this case report, mNGS was used to identify the pathogens in oral mucosal tissues of a patient with complex oral mucosal infections and oral leukoplakia. Candida albicans, human gamma herpesvirus 4, and many other pathogens were identified using this method. For complex oral mucosal infections, mNGS is a more efficient and sensitive approach that can replace conventional detection methods.
An Innovative Design for a Versatile Maxillary Expander: FAVEX
Authors: Potnis Sheetal S. , Patni Vivek J. , Rengarajan Krishnaswamy , Vaid Nikhilesh R.
Published: November 2022

Rapid palatal expansion has been associated with significant short and long term unwanted effects such as dentoalveolar tipping and detrimental periodontal effects when carried out in skeletally mature individuals. Mini implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) has proven to reduce the undesirable effects seen in tooth supported expanders and allows expansion even in adults. A variety of designs have been suggested with their pros and cons. Biomechanically, it is important that the TADs attachment of the expansion appliance should be as close to the palatal vault as possible. This prevents bending of TADs and allows for a better split by keeping forces closer to the bone. According to the T zone concept given by Benedict Wilmes, the bone in the canine-premolar region is much superior for TAD insertion and stability as compared to the bone in the molar region. Considering all the above features a new MARPE appliance was designed which is versatile, anatomically compatible and easy to use. FAVEX is a treatment-centric appliance so that the treatment need not be appliance centric.
The study of firefighter operation radio attenuation during fire disaster
Authors: Weng Chih-Yuan , Chiu Yuan-Ming , Yang Ya-Wen
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of environmental and human factors on communication attenuation as well as to improve radio signal attenuation. In this study, a fire training containerized structure for firefighters and commercial rescue portable radios were used for a communication experiment in a fire scene. It was found that the firefighter’s relief communication posture reduced radio communication power. The prone posture had the greatest effect on radio communication attenuation. Also, smoke caused a decrease in communication power regardless of flame burning conditions or temperature effects. The results of the study showed that the communication power can be improved by changing the radio antenna orientation and operating the radio in a non-dense smoke layer. Finally, this study proposed that a new portable radio protection bag with thermal protection designed for firefighters wearing radios on oxygen cylinder straps could effectively improve the communication attenuation problem.
Does Double Reading of Screening Breast MRI Scans Impact Recall Rates and Cancer Detection?
Authors: Chan Jason , Seely Jean , Lau Jacqueline
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of double reads by a second radiologist on cancer detection rate (CDR), positive predictive value of recommendation for tissue diagnosis (PPV2), and the positive predictive value of biopsy performed (PPV3) for biopsy recommendations in high-risk screening breast MRIs. Methods: The policy of second reads on biopsies recommended for MRIs was prospectively implemented in October 2019. This IRB approved retrospective analysis compared consecutive high-risk screening breast MRI scans performed in a single academic institution between 06/01/2018 to 06/01/2019 (pre-intervention) with screening breast MRI scans performed between 10/31/2019 to 10/31/2020 (post-intervention). Pathology results after biopsy were recorded. Testing of association was performed using the Chi-square test. Results/Discussion: A total of 1124 screening breast MRIs in the pre-intervention and 1672 screening breast MRIs were performed in the post-intervention periods. Biopsies were recommended in 8.6% (97/1124) of pre-intervention and 5.5% (92/1672) of post-intervention MRIs ( P = .0012). There was a non-significant increase in PPV2 from pre-intervention 10.3% (10/97) to post-intervention 18.4% (17/92) ( P = .109) and in PPV3 from 14% (10/71) to 22.9% (17/74), respectively ( P = .17). Similar cancer detection rates, 8.9/1000 (10/1124) and 10.2/1000 (17/1672) ( P = .736) were diagnosed in pre-intervention and post-intervention periods, respectively. Conclusion: Double reading of screening breast MRI scans significantly reduced the number of unnecessary biopsies without significant impact in the PPVs or cancer detection rate.
Space, place, and the landscapes of slavery
Authors: DeCorse Christopher R
Published: November 2022

Reconstructing the Landscapes of Slavery: A Visual History of the Plantation in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World by Dale Tomich, Rafael de Bivar Marquese, Reinaldo Funes Monzote, and Carlos Venegas Fornias examines the economic and political restructuring of 19th century slavery through contemporary paintings, plans and images. Ranging across the diverse settings of the lower Mississippi Valley, Cuba, and Brazil, the authors use a landscape-oriented perspective to chart the redeployment, reorganization, and industrialization of slavery during the 19th century, a time referred to as the ‘Second Slavery’. The incremental steps toward abolition during the 19th century did not result in a decline of agriculture based on enslaved labor or weaken the institutions that supported it. Rather, plantation slavery emerged as an efficient agro-industrial system, massive in scale, that was central to the political and economic restructuring of industrial capitalism. New political-economic spaces were exploited, while old ones declined. Focusing on Cuba, Brazil and the Mississippi Valley, the authors examine the contrasting spatial and material organization of plantations to shed new light on how these landscapes expressed both global socioeconomic processes and local contexts. The volume affords an insightful view of plantation landscapes that can be usefully read by historians, archaeologists, and wider audiences.
Preparation and compression mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy nanoparticle composites
Authors: Zhong Xiangyu , Zhang Lianwang , Bao Jianwen , Li Weidong , Liu Hansong , Dong Botao
Published: November 2022

In this work, the epoxy resin cured with chlorinated fluorene amine as the curing agent was obtained, which significantly increased the resin modulus and did not reduce the impact toughness, compared with the common curing system. Al2O3 nanoparticles were used to stiffen the new curing epoxy system, which did not reduce the compression strength of the resin but increased the compression modulus. The microscopic morphology showed that the rigid particles were uniformly dispersed in the resin matrix, and the addition of rigid particles mildly affected the reactional and rheological properties of the resin system. The minimum viscosity of the matrix increased with the additional number of particles. The composite was prepared using the nanoparticle-modified epoxy resin with carbon fiber (CF), and the compression strength of the composite was significantly improved by nearly 30% compared with that composed of the common epoxy system.
Analysis of the effect of material thickness during the WEDM processon cutting speed, topography and morphology
Authors: Mouralova Katerina , Benes Libor , Prokes Tomas , Bednar Josef , Zahradnicek Radim , Fries Jiri
Published: November 2022

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is an unconventional machining technology that is indispensable in many industries. Machining is performed using the thermoelectric principle, while it is possible to machine all at least minimally electrically conductive materials. Due to the wide range of applications of WEDM, it is necessary to ensure the appropriate quality of machined surfaces, regardless of the thickness of the machined materials, while maintaining an acceptable cutting speed. For this purpose, this study was performed to analyse the effect of material thickness on the cutting speed, morphology and topography of Ampcoloy 35 material. In this study, thicknesses from 5 to 160 mm were analysed in 5 mm increments with the same machine parameter settings. The surface topography and morphology were studied using electron and light microscopy, and cross-sections of the sample were created to examine the condition of the subsurface layer. It was found that the values of Ra at the edge ranged from 1.8 to 3.2 µm and in the middle of the sample from 1.7 to 3 µm, while the trend of increasing Ra with thickness is not visible. It is clear from the morphology analysis that a rugged surface with more craters was created at the edges than in the middle of the sample, while segregated lead needles were also formed at the edges of the samples.
Improvement of steady-state PAC2002 under the sideslip and turn slip inputs based on the discrete theoretical tire model
Authors: Liu Qianjin , Lu Dang , Ma Yao
Published: November 2022

Semi-empirical tire model considering turn slip input is of great significance for the force feedback of vehicle at low speed or small turning radius conditions. In this paper a refined discrete model considering contact patch and the deformation of the belt/carcass which are from the finite element model is established. New force and moment calculation matrix equations are constructed and different iterative methods are compared and Richardson iteration has been chosen because of its best iteration speed. The tire dynamics characteristics under sideslip and turn slip inputs are analyzed based on the discrete model simulation results. It shows the PAC2002 influence coefficients of turn slip on peak value of side force and cornering stiffness can not be well expressed under different loads. And at small loads, the peak value and stiffness of aligning moment relative to turn slip under different sideslip angles can not well be expressed. According to above problems, the PAC2002 model is improved. After improvement, the average error of lateral force relative to sideslip angle under different turn slip is reduced from 3.7% to 1.4%, the average error of lateral force relative to turn slip under different sideslip angle is reduced from 9.9% to 3.6%. And the error of aligning moment relative to sideslip angle under different turn slip is reduced from 8.5% to 5.1% and the error of aligning moment relative to turn slip under different sideslip angle is reduced from 8.9% to 3.2% at small loads. The improvement proposed in this paper have a good result.
Experimental studies and optimization of process parameters in laser welding of stainless steel 304 H
Authors: Selvaperumal Srinath , Thangaraju Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Published: November 2022

The prime objective of this work is to find the best combination of parameters in laser welding of stainless-steel 304 H plates. CO2 laser welding was used to join 5 mm thick stainless-steel 304 H plates. Laser power, welding speed, and focal position were used as input parameters, and experiments were conducted on the basis of the Taguchi L27 matrix. The quality of the weld was analysed by measuring depth of penetration, bead width and hardness. The best parameter combination was found using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm predicted output responses more accurately. A confirmatory test was carried out for the optimized parameters identified by the genetic algorithm. The percentage error between the experimental and predicted genetic algorithm values was below 6%. In comparison to the base metal, the optimized weld hardness was increased by 8%. The electron backscatter diffraction analysis of the optimized weld revealed the presence of a higher percentage of high-angle grain boundary than low-angle grain boundary.
Investigation of the effects of deep cryogenic treatment on the structural and mechanic properties of polyoxymethylene copolymer (POM-C) materials
Authors: Altinsoy Alirıza , Arslan Yusuf
Published: November 2022

Polyoxymethylene is used as an engineering material in many fields such as aircraft, aviation, and automotive industries in today due to its thermal resistance and mechanical properties. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effects on the mechanical and structural properties of polyoxymethylene copolymer (POM-C) materials, which are used in many different industrial applications, by applying cryogenic treatment. For this purpose, deep cryogenic treatment was applied to the prepared samples at −175°C for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h, and then tensile, abrasion, impact, and hardness tests were applied to the samples that were kept at room temperature. In order to understand the changes in micro and crystal structures, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation) analyzes were performed, and based on these analyzes, the differences in the structure of the POM-C material were compared. It was observed that there was no improvement in the tensile strength of the deep cryogenically treated samples, but an increase in hardness and impact strength was detected.
Influence of jumping-droplet condensation on the properties of separated flow in an air-cooled condenser tube: An Euler-Lagrange approach
Authors: Chakraborty Soumik , Kar Uttam Kumar , Sengupta Sayantan , Pramanik Shantanu
Published: November 2022

An Air-cooled condenser (ACC), which finds popularity in a steam power plant in arid areas, is usually less efficient as film condensation occurs inside the condenser tube. Recent research is directed towards eliminating the thermally insulating liquid film with the application of novel superhydrophobic surfaces. The self-cleaning property of such surfaces facilitates easy condensate drainage in the form of jumping droplets exposing favourable nucleation sites, thereby significantly promoting dropwise condensation. The present study explores the characteristics of jumping droplet condensation in finite condenser tubes using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The wall-heat-flux for condensation is modelled here by a uniform suction boundary condition. The strength of suction is quantified by a suction Reynolds number Re s. We mainly focus on the zone corresponding to 2.3 < Re s < 10, where no previous solution exists. In a long horizontal tube, the progressive realization of a self-similar region starting from the developing regions is demonstrated. We examine the characteristics of the developing region based on the sign of the pressure gradient. The results of three-dimensional CFD simulations illustrate the variations of droplet trajectories with the inception size and coordinates of jumping droplets determined locally by the relative contributions of various force components, viz. gravity, axial drag in the vapour core, suction induced radial drag and Saffman lift. The present study also predicts the effect of pipeline inclination on condensate drainage. Ultimately, considering multiple jumps, we found that the maximum condensate emission can be obtained for small droplets (5−15  μm), while medium-sized droplets (20−50  μm) are most advantageous for isolated jumps.
Alexithymia in systemic lupus erythematosus: A cross sectional study in a Brazilian sample
Authors: Faidiga Matheus Rinaldi , Judeikis Guilherme Alexandre , Nisihara Renato , Skare Thelma Larocca
Published: November 2022

Background

Alexithymia is considered as a reduced capacity to be aware of, to clearly recognize, and to define one’s feelings with a limited fantasy and a concrete, externally oriented cognitive style. Some studies have stated that alexithymia is more common in systemic lupus erythematosus patients (SLE) than in general population but there is a paucity of studies in such context.

Aim

To study the prevalence of alexithymia in a sample of SLE patients looking for associated epidemiological and clinical findings and its relationship to quality of life.

Methods

Cross-sectional study in 93 SLE patients collecting clinical, epidemiological, and serological data, data on quality of life by 12 item short health survey (SF-12), and alexithymia by Toronto scale (TAS-26). Disease’s cumulative damage was measured by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage index.

Results

In this sample (90.3% females and median age of 46 years), 55.9% had alexithymia; 22/92 (23.9%) did not and 19/93 (20.4%) had inconclusive results. Alexithymia presence had a positive association with age ( p = 0.01) and a negative association with presence of glomerulonephritis (25% vs 59%; p = 0.005) and glucocorticoid use (19.2% vs 59.0%; p = 0.0007). A negative correlation of TAS-26 was observed with mental domain of ( r = −0.46; p < 0.0001) and physical domain ( r = −0.32; p = 0.004) of SF-12, but not with cumulative damage index.

Conclusion

We found a high prevalence of alexithymia in this sample of SLE patients that negatively associated with quality of life, but not with cumulative damage index.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria peri-prosthetic joint infection: An outcome analysis for two stage revision arthroplasty
Authors: Peng Shih-Hui , Lee Sheng-Hsun , Chen Chun-Chieh , Lin Yu-Chih , Chang Yuhan , Hsieh Pang-Hsin , Shih Hsin-Nung , Ueng Steve W N , Chang Chih-Hsiang
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Nontuberculous mycobacteria periprosthetic joint infection (NTMPJI) is a rare complication of hip or knee joint arthroplasty. The experience for outcomes of NTMPJI treatment is still limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of hip or knee nontuberculous mycobacteria periprosthetic joint infection following treatment with two-stage exchange arthroplasty.

Material and Methods

From 1995 to 2020, 12 patients with NTMPJI were treated with two-stage exchange arthroplasty at our institution. We collected and analyzed variables including demographic data, comorbidity, microbiological data, treatment outcome and antibiotic formula in bone cement.

Results

Mycobacterium abcessus ( n = 6) and Mycobacterium chelonae ( n = 2) constitute the majority of the cases. Five patients had early-onset PJIs and the other seven patients were late onset. The success rate of two-stage exchange arthroplasty was 66.7% (8 of 12). Three patients experienced infection relapse, and one patient had soft tissue compromise complication. Post-operative antibiotic therapy may not improve the success rate (4 of 6 cases, 66.7%). Based on in vitro study, the most commonly used effective antibiotic in bone cement spacer for nontuberculous mycobacteria was amikacin.

Conclusions

nontuberculous mycobacteria is a rare cause of PJIs and should be suspected especially in relatively immunocompromised patients. Resection arthroplasty with staged reimplantation is the preferred approach. Prolonged post-operative antibiotic therapy before reimplantation may not improve the success rate. Delayed revision surgery may not be needed and can be performed once C-reactive protein level is normal after a drug holiday.