bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profiling of the formation of lignin-derived monomers and dimers from Eucalyptus alkali lignin
Authors: Zhao Chengke , Hu Zhenhua , Shi Lanlan , Wang Chen , Yue Fengxia , Li Suxiang , Zhang Han , Lu Fachuang
Published: August 2020

Identification and mechanism study of lignin-derived monomers and dimers from the fractionation of Eucalyptus alkali lignin provide new insights into lignin valorization.
Elemental and molecular imaging of human full thickness skin after exposure to heavy metals
Authors: Chavatte Laurent , Juan Milène , Mounicou Sandra , Leblanc Noblesse Emmanuelle , Pays Karl , Nizard Carine , Bulteau Anne-Laure
Published: August 2020

Compelling evidence suggests that heavy metals have potentially harmful effects on the skin. However, knowledge about cellular signaling events and toxicity subsequent to human skin cell exposure to metals is still poorly documented. The aim of this study was to focus on the interaction between four different heavy metals (lead, nickel, cadmium, and mercury) at doses mimicking chronic low-levels of environmental exposure and the effect on skin to get better insight into metal–cell interactions. We provide evidence that the two metals (lead and nickel) can permeate the skin and accumulate at high concentrations in the dermis. The skin barrier was disrupted after metal exposure and this was accompanied by apoptosis, DNA damage and lipid oxidation. Skin antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and methionine sulfoxide reductase are also heavy metal targets. Taken together, our findings provide insight into potential mechanisms of metal-induced oxidative stress production and the cellular consequences of these events.
Origin of the electrocatalytic activity in carbon nanotube fiber counter-electrodes for solar-energy conversion
Authors: Martínez-Muíño Alba , Rana Moumita , Vilatela Juan J. , Costa Rubén D.
Published: August 2020

A study of the role of functional groups and residual Fe catalyst on the high activity of carbon nanotube (CNT) fibre counter electrodes outperforming Pt in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) with Co2+/Co3+ redox couple electrolytes.
Design and synthesis of new functionalized 8-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines as turn-off chemosensors for selective recognition of Pd2+ions
Authors: Shally  , Kumar Vijay , Althagafi Ismail , Kumar Ashish , Singhal Divya , Kumar Abhinav , Gupta Rajeev , Pratap Ramendra
Published: August 2020

Functionalized 8-thienyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline was synthesized as a fluorescent turn-off chemosensor for selective recognition of Pd2+ions with a low detection limit.
Noble metal nanoclusters-decorated NiFe layered double hydroxide superstructure as nanoreactors for selective hydrogenation catalysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Guo Xiaoying , Wang Xun
Published: August 2020

The ability to conduct the self-assembly of nanometer-scale building blocks is the core issue in achieving “bottom-up” fabrications of desired superstructures.
Tritylium assisted iodine catalysis for the synthesis of unsymmetrical triarylmethanes
Authors: Courant Thibaut , Lombard Marine , Boyarskaya Dina V. , Neuville Luc , Masson Géraldine
Published: August 2020

Tritylium-assisted chiral iodine was highly effective catalyst for Friedel–Crafts arylation of diarylmethyl sulfides. The newly developed catalytic process is very mild, efficient, and complementary to other state-of-the-art methods.
Palladium-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective access to allyl ureas/carbamates: facile synthesis of imidazolidinones and oxazepinones
Authors: Taily Irshad Maajid , Saha Debarshi , Banerjee Prabal
Published: August 2020

Highly regio- and stereoselective decarboxylative amidation of VECs to allyl ureas/carbamates is investigated. The allyl derivatives were further transformed to imidazolidinones and oxazepinones under mild reaction conditions.
Vertically aligned MoS2 nanosheets on N-doped carbon nanotubes with NiFe alloy for overall water splitting
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Xiao , Yang Ping , Jiang San Ping
Published: August 2020

Schematic illustration of the formation process and performance of overall water splitting for NiFe-NCNT@MoS2 samples.
Effect of pyridyl donors from organic ligands versus metalloligands on material design
Authors: Kumar Girijesh , Kumar Gulshan , Gupta Rajeev
Published: August 2020

This review illustrates designs and structures of various coordination frameworks constructed using assorted organic ligands and metalloligands offering pyridyl donors to evaluate the impact of flexibility versus rigidity on material design.
Rapid synthesis of hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-fused quinolines via a consecutive [3 + 2] cycloaddition and reduction/intramolecular lactamization cascade
Authors: Lin Yan-Liang , Lee Yun-Ta , Barve Indrajeet J. , Huang Yi-Ting , Sun Chung-Ming
Published: August 2020

An unprecedented synthesis of novel hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrole-fused quinolines is achieved through the sequential [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides with maleimides followed by intramolecular lactamization.
Distinguishing between halogenated alkanes containing the same halogen based on the reaction kinetic parameter using negative ion mobility spectrometry at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Han Haiyan , Du Shihu , Yan Yongliang , Liu Xiuhong , Zhu Qiaofen , Shi Ruili , Xi Sixing , Liu Feng , Zhao Zhi , Chu Yannan
Published: August 2020

Electron attachment ionization ion mobility spectrometry can be used to detect halogen-containing volatile organic compounds with high sensitivity.
Constructing Rh–Rh3+ modified Ta2O5@TaON@Ta3N5 with special double n–n mutant heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic H2-evolution
Authors: Zhang Wenli , Jiang Hongquan , Zhang Wei , Zang Shuying
Published: August 2020

Localized built-in electric fields at multiple hierarchical interfaces facilitate the efficient separation and fast inside-out directional transfer of photogenerated carriers.
Radical scavenging activity of carbon nanotubes: toward appropriate selection of a radical initiator
Authors: Shimizu Taiyo , Kishi Ryoichi , Yamada Takeo , Hata Kenji
Published: August 2020

Carbon nanotubes scavenge radicals preferentially from peroxides, and polymerization presumably takes place from generated active radical sites on the surface.
TiO2 nanoflowers based humidity sensor and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Shinde Pratik V. , Gagare Snehal , Rout Chandra Sekhar , Late Dattatray J.
Published: August 2020

We have systematically investigated the humidity sensing performance and cytotoxic activity of TiO2 nanoflowers synthesized by hydrothermal method.
α-Glucosidase inhibitors from Chinese bayberry (Morella rubraSieb. et Zucc.) fruit: molecular docking and interaction mechanism of flavonols with different B-ring hydroxylations
Authors: Liu Yilong , Zhan Liuhuan , Xu Chang , Jiang Huamin , Zhu Changqing , Sun Linxiao , Sun Chongde , Li Xian
Published: August 2020

Inhibition of α-glucosidase alleviates postprandial high glycemic levels in diabetic or prediabetic population.
Extreme enhancement of secondary chirality through coordination-driven steric changes of terpyridyl ligand in glutamide-based molecular gels
Authors: Takafuji Makoto , Kawahara Tomoki , Sultana Nahid , Ryu Naoya , Yoshida Kyohei , Kuwahara Yutaka , Oda Reiko , Ihara Hirotaka
Published: August 2020

Dramatic changes of secondary chirality reflecting on enhancement of chiral signals (i.e., CD and CPL) is induced through coordination-derived steric changes of terpyridyl ligand attached on glutamide-based molecular gels.
Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application of hierarchical nano-ZSM-5 zeolite
Authors: Jia Yanming , Shi Qinghua , Wang Junwen , Ding Chuanmin , Zhang Kan
Published: August 2020

The crystal size and strong acid amounts of ZSM-5 decrease and the mesopores increase with increasing of KH-560. High MTA catalytic performance could be obtained under synergistic effect of proper strong acid amount, smaller crystal size and abundant hierarchical structure.
Microfibers synthesized by wet-spinning of chitin nanomaterials: mechanical, structural and cell proliferation properties
Authors: Wang Ling , Ezazi Nazanin Zanjanizadeh , Liu Liang , Ajdary Rubina , Xiang Wenchao , Borghei Maryam , Santos Hélder A. , Rojas Orlando J.
Published: August 2020

Chitin nanomaterials are wet-spun into microfibers that are biocompatible and show promise for their cell viability and proliferation.
Solute displacement in the aqueous phase of water–NaCl–organic ternary mixtures relevant to solvent-driven water treatment
Authors: McNally Joshua S. , Foo Zi Hao , Deshmukh Akshay , Orme Christopher J. , Lienhard John H. , Wilson Aaron D.
Published: August 2020

Water–NaCl–organic ternary mixtures evaluated with hydrates salt concentrations to reveal general phenomenon of the one-for-one molar displacement of NaCl by organic solutes as well as implications on solvent driven water treatments.
SDS-induced multi-stage unfolding of a small globular protein through different denatured states revealed by single-molecule fluorescence
Authors: Krainer Georg , Hartmann Andreas , Bogatyr Vadim , Nielsen Janni , Schlierf Michael , Otzen Daniel E.
Published: August 2020

Multi-stage unfolding of S6 in SDS involving various types of denatured states with different levels of compactness and dynamics.
Super-resolution RESOLFT microscopy of lipid bilayers using a fluorophore-switch dyad
Authors: Frawley Andrew T. , Wycisk Virginia , Xiong Yaoyao , Galiani Silvia , Sezgin Erdinc , Urbančič Iztok , Vargas Jentzsch Andreas , Leslie Kathryn G. , Eggeling Christian , Anderson Harry L.
Published: August 2020

A photoswitchable quencher can be used to reversibly turn off the emission from a fluorescent dye, generating a small molecule dyad that is effective for super-resolution RESOLFT microscopy.
An 111In-labelled bis-ruthenium(ii) dipyridophenazine theranostic complex: mismatch DNA binding and selective radiotoxicity towards MMR-deficient cancer cells
Authors: Gill Martin R. , Walker Michael G. , Able Sarah , Tietz Ole , Lakshminarayanan Abirami , Anderson Rachel , Chalk Rod , El-Sagheer Afaf H. , Brown Tom , Thomas Jim A. , Vallis Katherine A.
Published: August 2020

Auger electron emitter indium-111 demonstrates cancer-selective radiotoxicity and SPECT imaging compatibility when conjugated to a ruthenium(ii) polypyridyl complex.
Crystallographic characterization of the metal–organic framework Fe2(bdp)3 upon reductive cation insertion
Authors: Biggins Naomi , Ziebel Michael E. , Gonzalez Miguel I. , Long Jeffrey R.
Published: August 2020

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals structural influences on gas adsorption properties in anionic metal–organic frameworks.
Synergetic FeCo nanorods embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes with abundant metal–NCNT heterointerfaces as efficient air electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Hu Hao , Xie Yuhua , Kazim Farhad M. D. , Qu Konggang , Li Min , Xu Zhikun , Yang Zehui
Published: August 2020

FeCo nanorod embedded into nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes as bifunctional electrocatalyst for ORR and OER catalysis.
Kinetics of actin networks formation measured by time resolved particle-tracking microrheology
Authors: Levin Maayan , Sorkin Raya , Pine David , Granek Rony , Bernheim-Groswasser Anne , Roichman Yael
Published: August 2020

ATP-assisted actin network self assemblyin vitrois acompanied by an overshoot of the viscoelastic moduli followed by a relaxation to steady-state values.
Seeded laser-induced cavitation for studying high-strain-rate irreversible deformation of soft materials
Authors: Tiwari Sacchita , Kazemi-Moridani Amir , Zheng Yue , Barney Christopher W. , McLeod Kelly R. , Dougan Carey E. , Crosby Alfred J. , Tew Gregory N. , Peyton Shelly R. , Cai Shengqiang , Lee Jae-Hwang
Published: August 2020

High-strain-rate rheological properties of soft materials are quantified by the observation of a rapidly expanding microscopic cavity.
Synthesis, crystallization, and molecular mobility in poly(ε-caprolactone) copolyesters of different architectures for biomedical applications studied by calorimetry and dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Christodoulou Evi , Klonos Panagiotis A. , Tsachouridis Kostas , Zamboulis Alexandra , Kyritsis Apostolos , Bikiaris Dimitrios N.
Published: August 2020

Synthesis, crystallization and molecular dynamics investigation on PCL-based star-like and block copolymers, with different alcohols used as multifunctional initiators, for biomedical applications.
Dynamics of passive and active membrane tubes
Authors: Al-Izzi Sami C. , Sens Pierre , Turner Matthew S. , Komura Shigeyuki
Published: August 2020

We compute the thermal and active fluctuations of a membrane tube, providing a theoretical framework to understand active membrane tubes.
Gapped metals as thermoelectric materials revealed by high-throughput screening
Authors: Ricci Francesco , Dunn Alexander , Jain Anubhav , Rignanese Gian-Marco , Hautier Geoffroy
Published: August 2020

Gapped metals present in their band structure a gap near the Fermi level. This key feature makes these metals comparable to degenerate semiconductors and thus suitable as thermoelectrics. The present screening searches them systematically.
Ultrastable lithium–sulfur batteries with outstanding rate capability boosted by NiAs-type vanadium sulfides
Authors: Zhang Chao Yue , Sun Guo Wen , Bai Yun Fei , Dai Zhe , Zhao Yi Rong , Gao Xiu Ping , Sun Geng Zhi , Pan Xiao Bo , Pan Xiao Jun , Zhou Jin Yuan
Published: August 2020

A new type of vanadium sulfide (V2S3) was used for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries.
Multicomponent polysaccharide alginate-based bioinks
Authors: Piras Carmen C. , Smith David K.
Published: August 2020

3D-Bioprinting has seen a rapid expansion in the last few years, with an increasing number of reported bioinks, amongst which, alginate is an ideal ingredient due to its biocompatibility and ease of gelation.
Delivery of amino acid oxidase via catalytic nanocapsules to enable effective tumor inhibition
Authors: Chu Qiang , Zhu Huimin , Liu Bin , Cao Guodong , Fang Chao , Wu Yulian , Li Xiang , Han Gaorong
Published: August 2020

Amino acid oxidase, the fundamental building blocks of proteins, is delivered via catalytic nanocapsules and combined with chemodynamic therapy for tumor treatment.
A graphene–PDMS hybrid overcoating enhanced fiber plasmonic temperature sensor with high sensitivity and fast response
Authors: Luo Jiajia , Liu Gui-Shi , Zhou Wenjian , Hu Shiqi , Chen Lei , Chen Yaofei , Luo Yunhan , Chen Zhe
Published: August 2020

A high-sensitivity and fast-response fiber-optic plasmonic temperature sensor is developed by coating graphene and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) onto an optical-fiber based plasmonic interface.
Resistive switching performance of fibrous crosspoint memories based on an organic–inorganic halide perovskite
Authors: Shu Pan , Cao Xiaofei , Du Yongqiang , Zhou Jiankui , Zhou Jianjun , Xu Shengang , Liu Yingliang , Cao Shaokui
Published: August 2020

Fiber-shaped RRAMs with an ON/OFF ratio of approximately 106 have been presented via a MAPbI3 perovskite for flexible wearable electronic textiles.
The structural basis of Bcl-2 mediated cell death regulation in hydra
Authors: Banjara Suresh , D Sa Jaison , Hinds Mark G. , Kvansakul Marc
Published: August 2020

Apoptosis is regulated by evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways to remove damaged, diseased or unwanted cells. Proteins homologous to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, the primary arbiters of mitochondrially mediated apoptosis, are encoded by the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris. We mapped interactions between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins of H. vulgaris by affinity measurements between Hy-Bcl-2-4, the sole confirmed pro-survival Bcl-2 protein, with BH3 motif peptides of two Bcl-2 proteins from hydra that displayed pro-apoptotic activity, Hy-Bak1 and Hy-BH3-only-2, and the BH3 motif peptide of the predicted pro-apoptotic protein Hy-Bax. In addition to peptides from hydra encoded pro-apoptotic proteins, Hy-Bcl-2-4 also engaged BH3 motif peptides from multiple human pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Reciprocally, human pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1 and A1/Bfl-1 bound to BH3 spanning peptides from hydra encoded pro-apoptotic Hy-Bak1, Hy-BH3-only and Hy-Bax. The molecular details of the interactions were determined from crystal structures of Hy-Bcl-2-4 complexes with BH3 motif peptides of Hy-Bak1 and Hy-Bax. Our findings suggest that the Bcl-2 family in hydra may function in a manner analogous to the Bcl-2 family in humans, and less like the worm Caenorhabditis elegans where evolutionary gene deletion has simplified the apoptotic program. Combined, our results demonstrate the powerful conservation of the interaction pattern between hydra and human Bcl-2 family members. Furthermore, our data reveal mechanistic differences in the mode of binding between hydra and sponges such as Geodia cydonium, with hydra encoded Bcl-2 resembling the more promiscuous pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 members found in mammals compared with its sponge counterpart.
Tanshinone IIA induces ferroptosis in gastric cancer cells through p53-mediated SLC7A11 down-regulation
Authors: Guan Zhenhua , Chen Jing , Li Xueliang , Dong Na
Published: August 2020

Gastric cancer represents a malignant type of cancer worldwide. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a pharmacologically active component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen), has been reported to possess an anti-cancer effect in gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms are still not fully understood. In the present study, we found that Tan IIA induced ferroptosis in BGC-823 and NCI-H87 gastric cancer cells. Tan IIA increased lipid peroxidation and up-regulated Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression, two markers of ferroptosis. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, inhibited Tan IIA caused-lipid peroxidation and Ptgs2 and Chac1 expression. In addition, Tan IIA also up-regulated p53 expression and down-regulated xCT expression. Tan IIA caused decreased intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and cysteine level and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. p53 knockdown attenuated Tan IIA-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Tan IIA also induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in BGC-823 xenograft model, and the anti-cancer effect of Tan IIA was attenuated by Fer-1 in vivo. Therefore, Tan IIA could suppress the proliferation of gastric cancer via inducing p53 upregulation-mediated ferroptosis. Our study have identified a novel mechanism of Tan IIA against gastric cancer, and might provide a critical insight into the application of Tan IIA in gastric cancer intervention.
Clinical Characteristics Associated With Stuttering Persistence: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Singer Cara M. , Hessling Alison , Kelly Ellen M. , Singer Lisa , Jones Robin M.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this meta-analytic study was to identify clinical characteristics, defined as child factors that can be assessed by a speech-language pathologist as part of a routine speech-language evaluation that may differentiate children who persist in stuttering from children who eventually recover from stuttering. Clinical characteristics explored included sex, age at onset, family history of stuttering, stuttering frequency and severity, speech-language skills, and temperament.

Method

Studies were identified through electronic databases, journals, and reference lists of relevant reports (e.g., research articles). Eligible studies followed young children who stutter (i.e., under 6 years old) for at least 24 months, assessed a potential clinical marker at study entry, and determined talker group classification (i.e., persistent or recovered) at study completion. Sex and family history differences were estimated using risk ratios; all other differences were estimated using Hedges'sg. Heterogeneity and methodological differences among studies were evaluated.

Results

Eleven studies (41 reports) met eligibility criteria. Persistent children were older at stuttering onset and exhibited higher frequencies of stuttering-like disfluencies, lower speech sound accuracy, and lower expressive and receptive language skills than recovered children. Males and children with a family history of stuttering were also more likely to persist.

Conclusions

Clinical characteristics were identified that are associated with increased risk for stuttering persistence. Future studies have the potential to translate these clinical characteristics into prognostic markers for stuttering persistence risk.
Magnesium and silicon in interstellar dust: X-ray overview
Authors: Rogantini D. , Costantini E. , Zeegers S. T. , Mehdipour M. , Psaradaki I. , Raassen A. J. J. , de Vries C. P. , Waters L. B. F. M.
Published: August 2020

Context.The dense Galactic environment is a large reservoir of interstellar dust. Therefore, this region represents a perfect laboratory to study the properties of cosmic dust grains. X-rays are the most direct way to detect the interaction of light with dust present in these dense environments.

Aims.The interaction between the radiation and the interstellar matter imprints specific absorption features on the X-ray spectrum. We study them with the aim of defining the chemical composition, the crystallinity, and structure of the dust grains that populate the inner regions of the Galaxy.

Methods.We investigated the magnesium and the silicon K-edges detected in theChandra/HETG spectra of eight bright X-ray binaries, distributed in the neighbourhood of the Galactic centre. We modelled the two spectral features using accurate extinction cross-sections of silicates, which we measured at the synchrotron facility Soleil, France.

Results.Near the Galactic centre, magnesium and silicon show abundances similar to the solar ones and they are highly depleted from the gas phase (δMg> 0.90 andδSi> 0.96). We find that amorphous olivine with a composition of MgFeSiO4is the most representative compound along all lines of sight according to our fits. The contribution of Mg-rich silicates and quartz is low (less than 10%). On average we observe a percentage of crystalline dust equal to 11%. For the extragalactic source LMC X-1, we find a preference for forsterite, a magnesium-rich olivine. Along this line of sight we also observe an under-abundance of siliconASi∕ALMC= 0.5 ± 0.2.
The post-common-envelope binary central star of the planetary nebula PN G283.7−05.1
Authors: Jones D. , Boffin H. M. J. , Hibbert J. , Steinmetz T. , Wesson R. , Hillwig T. C. , Sowicka P. , Corradi R. L. M. , García-Rojas J. , Rodríguez-Gil P. , Munday J.
Published: August 2020

We present the discovery and characterisation of the post-common-envelope central star system in the planetary nebula PN G283.7−05.1. Deep images taken as part of the POPIPlaN survey indicate that the nebula may possess a bipolar morphology similar to other post-common-envelope planetary nebulae. Simultaneous light and radial velocity curve modelling reveals that the newly discovered binary system comprises a highly irradiated M-type main-sequence star in a 5.9-hour orbit with a hot pre-white dwarf. The nebular progenitor is found to have a particularly low mass of around 0.4 M⊙, making PN G283.7−05.1 one of only a handful of candidate planetary nebulae that is the product of a common-envelope event while still on the red giant branch. In addition to its low mass, the model temperature, surface gravity, and luminosity are all found to be consistent with the observed stellar and nebular spectra through comparison with model atmospheres and photoionisation modelling. However, the high temperature (Teff ∼ 95 kK) and high luminosity of the central star of the nebula are not consistent with post-RGB evolutionary tracks.
Utilisation d’extraits méthanoliques de plantes pour la protection des cultures de tomates-cerises (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) contre l’infection fongique par Alternaria alternata
Authors: Akroum Souâd , Rouibah Moad
Published: August 2020

La tomate-cerise est un fruit très sujet aux infections fongiques qui peuvent causer des dégâts considérables dans les cultures et lors de la conservation. Les alternarioses comptent parmi les altérations les plus répandues et dangereuses pour ce fruit. Elles sont causées par Alternaria alternata ou d’autres espèces appartenant au même genre. Dans ce travail, nous avons testé l’activité antifongique d’extraits méthanoliques de cinq plantes récoltées dans la région de Jijel (Algérie) sur A. alternata. L’activité a d’abord été testée in vitro, puis sur des plants de tomates-cerises cultivés sous serre : les extraits ont été appliqués sur des plants sains, avant l’infection, afin de tester leur action préventive, et après l’infection pour déterminer s’ils sont capables de traiter l’alternariose. Les résultats ont montré que les extraits de Rosmarinus officinalis et Lavandula angustifolia étaient les plus actifs in vitro sur A. alternata. L’observation microscopique de la moisissure a indiqué que ces extraits agissaient en inhibant sa production de dictyospores. L’activité antifongique testée sur les plants cultivés sous serre a révélé que l’extrait de R. officinalis était toujours le plus actif. Venaient ensuite les extraits de L. angustifolia et Punica granatum qui n’ont pas permis la protection des plants contre l’alternariose, mais qui ont néanmoins donné une guérison totale à la fin du traitement. Les extraits de Quercus suber et Eucalyptus globulus étaient les moins actifs. Ils n’ont permis ni la prévention, ni la guérison complète des plants. Le comptage des dictyospores réalisé sur les fruits à la fin du traitement a confirmé les résultats obtenus pour les cultures sous serre.
Digital twin by DEM for ball bearing operating under EHD conditions
Authors: Farah Samatar Omar , Guessasma Mohamed , Bellenger Emmanuel
Published: August 2020

In this paper we investigate the elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication in ball bearings by means of a digital twin. Based on an original description involving the discrete element method (DEM), the digital twin integrates all the components of ball bearings and enables realistic behavior under mechanical loading and kinematic conditions. In order to check the standard indicators recommended by most ball bearing manufactures, a stiffness model for elliptical Hertzian contact and an improved EHD formulation for lubricated contact are implemented in the numerical tool. In addition, we have introduced into the discrete modeling an electrical capacitance model correlated to the fluid film thickness and the contact pressure. The numerical predictions of lubricant film capacitance provided by digital twin are in good accordance, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with the experimental data available in the literature. The coupling of the discrete method with the electrical approach enables efficient solutions to be provided in terms of lubrication regime in relation to the lubricant properties to optimize the bearing lifetime.
Retrouver les origines du SARS-CoV-2 dans les phylogénies de coronavirus
Authors: Sallard Erwan , Halloy José , Casane Didier , van Helden Jacques , Decroly Étienne
Published: August 2020

Le SARS-CoV-2 est un nouveau coronavirus (CoV) humain. Il a émergé en Chine fin 2019 et est responsable de la pandémie mondiale de Covid-19 qui a causé plus de 540 000 décès en six mois. La compréhension de l’origine de ce virus est une question importante et il est nécessaire de déterminer les mécanismes de sa dissémination afin de pouvoir se prémunir de nouvelles épidémies. En nous fondant sur des inférences phylogénétiques, l’analyse des séquences et les relations structure-fonction des protéines de coronavirus, éclairées par les connaissances actuellement disponibles, nous discutons les différents scénarios évoqués pour rendre compte de l’origine - naturelle ou synthétique - du virus.
Factorial design and design of experiments for developing novel lead free solder alloy with Sn, Cu and Ni
Authors: S Jayesh , Elias Jacob , Guru Manoj
Published: August 2020

Inherent toxicity makes lead a banned material in solder alloy making process. Lead-tin alloy was a favorable alloy used for soldering in electronic packaging manufacturers. As a result of the ban on lead, electronics package industries were looking for novel lead free alloys which can substitute the conventional Sn-Pb alloy. Many alloys were discovered by the scientists. None of them were able to substitute the Sn-Pb alloy and become the market leader. In this paper a new composition with Sn, Cu and Ni is made to analyze which can potentially replace the lead containing solder alloy. Using the design of experiments method, the optimized composition of Cu and Ni is predicted. The full factorial design of experiments with two replications is used to find the optimized composition. Melting temperature, contact angle and hardness were taken as the critical output parameters. Results obtained shows that the optimum composition of Cu and Ni are 1 and 1% by wt.
Langzeitevaluation nach autologer Fetttransplantation zur Brustvergrößerung
Authors: Ueberreiter Charlotte Sophie , Ueberreiter Klaus , Mohrmann Chris , Herm Juliane , Herold Christian
Published: August 2020

Hintergrund Die Transplantation autologen Fettgewebes ist eine vermehrt angewandte, jedoch nicht standardisierte Prozedur in der plastischen und rekonstruktiven Chirurgie. Bisher gab es lediglich Untersuchungen zu kurzfristigen Ergebnissen über den Volumenerhalt nach einer Fettgewebstransplantation. In dieser Arbeit werden die Ergebnisse einer Langzeitstudie über Fettgewebstransplantationen zur Brustvergrößerung vorgestellt.

Patienten/Material und Methoden Bei 14 Patientinnen wurde präoperativ sowie 5–9 Jahre (Median 6 Jahre) nach der Transplantation autologen Fettgewebes in die Brust nach dem BEAULI-Protokoll ein MRT angefertigt. Die Volumendifferenz wurde mit der Software OsiriX miteinander verglichen. Da zusätzlich die Auswirkung von Gewichtsschwankungen ermittelt werden sollten, wurden die Patientinnen in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt. In Gruppe 1 wurden Patientinnen mit einer Gewichtszunahme von < 1 kg/m2, in Gruppe 2 Patientinnen mit einer Gewichtszunahme von > 1 kg/m2 eingeschlossen. Die mediane BMI-Zunahme lag bei 1,6 kg/m2 (Minimal 0 – maximal 3,9). Eine der Patientinnen hatte nach vorübergehender Gewichtszunahme während der Transplantationen wieder ihr Ausgangsgewicht erreicht.

Ergebnisse Die Patientinnen erhielten je nach gewünschtem Endergebnis zwischen einem und 4 Eingriffe, in welchen ein mittleres Volumen von 176 ml Fettgewebe pro Brust pro Eingriff transplantiert wurde. In der ersten Gruppe konnte ein medianer Volumenerhalt des transplantierten Fettgewebes von 74 % (IQA 58 % – 92 %) errechnet werden. In der zweiten Gruppe wurde sogar eine Volumenzunahme von im Median 135 % (IQA 105 % – 318 %) beobachtet.

Schlussfolgerung In der vorliegenden Studie zeigen sich stabile Langzeitergebnisse bei der Einheilungsrate vom transplantierten Fettgewebe. Es konnte eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen Gewichtszunahme und Volumenerhalt des transplantierten Gewebes gezeigt werden. Damit ist auch die teilweise überproportional hohe Volumenzunahme bei einigen Patientinnen zu erklären. Die Transplantation autologen Fettgewebes ergibt die Möglichkeit einer sicheren und effizienten Methode zur Brustvergrößerung. Für eine genauere Aussage sind jedoch weiterführende Studien mit größeren Fallzahlen notwendig.
Pflegerische Maßnahmen bei pädiatrischen Patienten mit implantierbaren Kathetersystemen
Authors: Brandhofer Franziska
Published: August 2020

Patienten, die über einen langen Zeitraum parenteral ernährt werden müssen, oder solche, die regelmäßig Infusionen benötigen, profitieren von implantierbaren Kathetersystemen. Autorin Franziska Brandhofer stellt die wichtigsten Kathetersysteme vor und beschreibt, welche speziellen Pflegemaßnahmen gerade bei pädiatrischen Patienten vonnöten sind.
Alternativer Einstieg in die pädiatrische Intensivpflege
Authors: Korzen Nicole
Published: August 2020

In Zeiten immer komplexer werdender medizinischer wie pflegerischer Versorgung auf einer interdisziplinären Kinderintensivstation bedarf es einer umfassenden Einarbeitung und Wissensvermittlung über das in der Ausbildung Erlernte hinaus. Durch ein individuell gestaltetes Trainee-Programm am Universitätsklinikum Münster werden besonders Berufsanfänger, die sich für die pädiatrische Intensivpflege interessieren, unterstützt und begleitet.
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: suturing the gastric fundus does not confer benefit
Authors: Farha Jad , McGowan Christopher , Hedjoudje Abdellah , Itani Mohamad I. , Abbarh Shahem , Simsek Cem , Ichkhanian Yervant , Vulpis Trish , James Theodore W. , Fayad Lea , Khashab Mouen A. , Oberbach Andreas , Badurdeen Dilhana , Kumbhari Vivek
Published: August 2020

Background There is heterogeneity regarding the technical aspects of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG), such as applying fundal sutures. Our aim was to determine whether ESG with fundal suturing (ESG-FS) affects weight loss and the serious adverse event (SAE) rate when compared with ESG with no fundal suturing (ESG-NFS).

Methods We conducted a two-center retrospective analysis of 247 patients who underwent ESG with or without fundal suturing. The primary outcome was percentage excess weight loss (%EWL) at 3, 6, and 12 months post-ESG. The secondary outcomes included the SAE rate and procedure duration.

Results At 3, 6, and 12-months, ESG-NFS had a significantly greater mean %EWL compared with ESG-FS (38.4 % [standard deviation (SD) 15.3 %] vs. 31.2 % [SD 13.9 %], P = 0.001; 54.7 % [SD 19.2 %] vs. 37.7 % [SD 17.3 %], P < 0.001; 65.3 % [SD 21.1 %] vs. 40.6 % [SD 23.5 %], P < 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the SAE rates for ESG-NFS (n = 2; 2.0 %) and ESG-FS (n = 4; 2.6 %; P > 0.99). The mean procedure time was significantly shorter in the ESG-NFS group at 59.1 minutes (SD 32.7) vs. 93.0 minutes (35.5; P < 0.001), and a lower mean number of sutures were used, with 5.7 (SD 1.1) vs. 8.4 (SD 1.6; P < 0.001).

Conclusion ESG-NFS demonstrated greater efficacy and shorter procedure duration. Therefore, fundal suturing should not be performed.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,3′-Piperidinoyl Spirooxindoles and Discovery of Stereospecific Cycloadducts as Novel Hedgehog Pathway Modulators
Authors: Kumar Kamal , Rehan Mohammad , Flegel Jana , Heitkamp Franziska , Pergomet Jorgelina L. , Otte Felix , Strohmann Carsten
Published: August 2020

An enantioselective hetero-Diels–Alder reaction of alkylidene­ oxindoles and 2-aza-3-silyloxy-1,3-butadienes, catalyzed by divalent transition metal complexes with N,N′-dioxide ligands offered an efficient access to natural-product-based 3,3′-piperidinoyl spiroox­indole class of small molecules. exo-Cycloadducts formed via stereospecific cycloaddition with Z-olefin displayed potent activity in modulation of hedgehog pathway.
Advanced Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Authors: Gupta Rohit , Baughman Robert P.
Published: August 2020

At least 5% of sarcoidosis patients die from their disease, usually from advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis. The three major problems encountered in advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis are pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory infections. Pulmonary fibrosis is the result of chronic inflammation, but other factors including abnormal wound healing may be important. Sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) is multifactorial including parenchymal fibrosis, vascular granulomas, and hypoxia. Respiratory infections can be cause by structural changes in the lung and impaired immunity due to sarcoidosis or therapy. Anti-inflammatory therapy alone is not effective in most forms of advanced pulmonary sarcoidosis. New techniques, including high-resolution computer tomography and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) have proved helpful in identifying the cause of advanced disease and directing specific therapy.
APRICOT: Advanced Platform for Reproducible Infrastructures in the Cloud via Open Tools
Authors: Giménez-Alventosa Vicent , Segrelles José Damián , Moltó Germán , Roca-Sogorb Mar
Published: August 2020

Background Scientific publications are meant to exchange knowledge among researchers but the inability to properly reproduce computational experiments limits the quality of scientific research. Furthermore, bibliography shows that irreproducible preclinical research exceeds 50%, which produces a huge waste of resources on nonprofitable research at Life Sciences field. As a consequence, scientific reproducibility is being fostered to promote Open Science through open databases and software tools that are typically deployed on existing computational resources. However, some computational experiments require complex virtual infrastructures, such as elastic clusters of PCs, that can be dynamically provided from multiple clouds. Obtaining these infrastructures requires not only an infrastructure provider, but also advanced knowledge in the cloud computing field.

Objectives The main aim of this paper is to improve reproducibility in life sciences to produce better and more cost-effective research. For that purpose, our intention is to simplify the infrastructure usage and deployment for researchers.

Methods This paper introduces Advanced Platform for Reproducible Infrastructures in the Cloud via Open Tools (APRICOT), an open source extension for Jupyter to deploy deterministic virtual infrastructures across multiclouds for reproducible scientific computational experiments. To exemplify its utilization and how APRICOT can improve the reproduction of experiments with complex computation requirements, two examples in the field of life sciences are provided. All requirements to reproduce both experiments are disclosed within APRICOT and, therefore, can be reproduced by the users.

Results To show the capabilities of APRICOT, we have processed a real magnetic resonance image to accurately characterize a prostate cancer using a Message Passing Interface cluster deployed automatically with APRICOT. In addition, the second example shows how APRICOT scales the deployed infrastructure, according to the workload, using a batch cluster. This example consists of a multiparametric study of a positron emission tomography image reconstruction.

Conclusion APRICOT's benefits are the integration of specific infrastructure deployment, the management and usage for Open Science, making experiments that involve specific computational infrastructures reproducible. All the experiment steps and details can be documented at the same Jupyter notebook which includes infrastructure specifications, data storage, experimentation execution, results gathering, and infrastructure termination. Thus, distributing the experimentation notebook and needed data should be enough to reproduce the experiment.
Counting Polar Symptoms: How to Represent Results?
Authors: Rutten Lex , Eizayaga José , Kaur Harleen , Lamba Chetna Deep , Sachdeva Jyoti , Khurana Anil , Oberai Praveen , Manchanda Rajkumar , Raizada Sonia , Chaudhary Sujata , Shinde Vaishali , Ramanan Vinitha Edavattath , Kundu Chittaranjan , Pal Pratha Pratim , Kiranmayee Rompicherla GR , Sahoo Amulya Ratan , Rajeshekhar Bodankar , Shil Ratan Chandra , Mahajan Nidhi
Published: August 2020

Background Polar symptoms (PS)—symptoms with opposite values—are frequently used in homeopathy, but have many misleading entries in the repertory. This is caused by using absolute occurrence of symptoms, causing the same medicine to appear in both (opposite) symptom rubrics, and by lack of comparison with other medicines. Some PS, like ‘aversion/desire for sweets’ have a frequency distribution that is not evenly distributed around the neutral value: a desire for sweets is much more common than aversion. A desire for sweets is an indication for a specific medicine only if this desire occurs more frequently in this specific medicine population than in the remainder of the population. We need to find the best way to represent this difference.

Methods A multi-centre, explorative, prospective, observational study was conducted by nine centres of the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy. Two-hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled with chronic cough lasting more than 8 weeks, and received usual homeopathic care. During intake, 30 general PS, 27 polar cough symptoms and 3 non-polar cough symptoms were checked. Different ways of representing results were explored, including two quantities borrowed from mechanics: Centre of Mass (CoM) and Leverage.

Results At the fourth follow-up, three medicines with more than 10 cases with good results were identified: 20 Phosphorus, 19 Pulsatilla and 13 Sulphur. The mean value of the frequency distribution of some symptoms in the whole sample was considerably different from the neutral value. Comparing a medicine population with the remainder of the respective population can give results that differ from polarity analysis. For some symptoms, the ‘distance’ (Leverage) between the CoMs of the medicine population and the remainder of the population was clearer than the likelihood ratio (LR).

Conclusion If the LR value is not clear about the prognostic value in PS, notions from mechanics such as CoM and Leverage can clarify how to interpret a polar symptom.
Tratamiento Artroscópico en Lesión Osteocondral Subtalar
Authors: Sergio Eckholt G. , Javier Palma P. , Eduardo Becerra H.
Published: August 2020

Las lesiones osteocondrales de la articulación subtalar es una patología infrecuente y de incidencia variable, dado su reporte principalmente como hallazgo en el estudio de dolor crónico de tobillo y ya con cambios degenerativos articulares. La sospecha clínica y el estudio imagenológico dirigido, permiten investigar esas lesiones en estadios iniciales, evitando así el uso de técnicas que no preservan la articulación para su manejo. La artroscopía subtalar es una excelente herramienta tanto diagnóstica como terapéutica para la resolución de dichas lesiones. Dadas las características anatómicas y biomecánicas de la articulación, en estadios iniciales, el manejo mediante sinovectomía y microfracturas es una alternativa con excelentes resultados funcionales.

Este trabajo incluye dos casos de lesiones osteocondrales de la faceta posterior de la articulación subtalar manejadas vía artroscópica mediante sinovectomía y microfracturas y su posterior evolución.
Hepatic Sarcoidosis: Current Concepts and Treatments
Authors: Rossi Geoffrey , Ziol Marianne , Roulot Dominique , Valeyre Dominique , Mahévas Matthieu
Published: August 2020

Hepatic sarcoidosis is a relatively common manifestation of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis. It occurs in 20 to 30% of cases and is rarely severe. However, a cluster of patients may develop severe complications such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of clinical, biological, pathological, and radiological features of liver involvement in sarcoidosis and discuss essential clues for management and treatment.
Comparative Analysis of Vertical Forces in Dogs Affected with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease and Tibial Plateau Angles Greater or Less than 25 Degrees
Authors: Ferrigno Cássio Ricardo Auada , de Souza Alexandre Navarro Alves , Ferreira Márcio Poletto , Verpaalen Valentine , Matera Julia Maria
Published: August 2020

Objective Our objective was to compare the peak vertical force (PVF) and vertical impulse (VI) between dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease and a tibial plateau angle (TPA) greater or less than 25 degrees.

Methods A retrospective study was performed in 18 dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease in which kinetic gait data were obtained with a pressure walkway system. Dogs were distributed in two groups: dogs with a TPA ≤ 25 degrees (n = 8) and dogs with a TPA > 25 degrees (n = 10). Mean PVF and VI in per cent of body weight (%BW) were compared between groups with an unpaired t-test (p < 0.05).

Results Mean PVF and VI for the cranial cruciate ligament disease limb were 14.39%BW and 3.57%BWs for dogs with a TPA >25 degrees and 14.44%BW and 3.47%BWs for dogs with a TPA ≤ 25 degrees. There was no significant difference in mean PVF and VI between the groups.

Conclusion The results suggest that there is no difference in kinetic data between dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease and a TPA greater or less than 25 degrees. Other factors such as body weight, time of injury or meniscal lesion could be more related to the magnitude of cranial cruciate ligament disease lameness.
Anatomy and Ultrasound-Guided Injection of the Medial Branch of the Dorsal Ramus of the Cervical Spinal Nerves in the Horse: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Corraretti Giorgio , Vandeweerd Jean-Michel , Hontoir Fanny , Vanderperren Katrien , Palmers Katrien
Published: August 2020

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the nerves supplying the cervical articular process joint and to identify relevant anatomical landmarks that could aid in the ultrasound-guided location and injection of these nerves for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Study Design Twelve cadaveric equine necks were used. Five necks were dissected to study the anatomy of the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of the cervical spinal nerves 3 to 7. Relevant anatomical findings detected during dissections were combined with ultrasonographic images obtained in one other neck. Six additional necks were used to assess the accuracy of ultrasound-guided injections of the medial branch with blue dye.

Results Each examined cervical articular process joint, except for C2 to C3, presented a dual nerve supply. The articular process joints were found to be in close anatomical relationship with the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of the cervical spinal nerve exiting from the intervertebral foramen at the same level, and with the medial branch of the dorsal ramus of the cervical spinal nerve exiting from the intervertebral foramen one level cranial to the articular process joint of interest. A total of 55 nerves were injected under ultrasonographic guidance, 51 of which were successfully stained.

Conclusion The current study provided new detailed information regarding the innervation of the cervical articular process joint. The medial branches of the dorsal rami of the cervical spinal nerves were injected with an accuracy that would be of clinical value. Our study offers the foundations to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for pain management in cervical articular process joint arthropathy in horses.
Individualized Homeopathy for Depression in Climacteric Women: Comments on the Retraction by PLoS ONE
Authors: Macías-Cortés Emma del Carmen , Llanes-González Lidia , Aguilar-Faisal Leopoldo , Asbun-Bojalil Juan
Published: August 2020

In April 2020 PLoS ONE retracted an original clinical research article, published in 2015, in which we demonstrated that individualized homeopathic treatment improves depression symptoms in climacteric women. The original assessment of this study was carried out by an expert in psychiatry (depression research) with close to 35 years' experience in the field of mental health. During post-publication discussions, no serious breaches of scientific procedure or misconduct were even insinuated. Our team answered all “points of concern”, raised by the current PLoS ONE editors, in extensive detail. All these were potential limitations of our study, which would usually be addressed by one of several appropriate post-publication actions, ranging from discussion of the concern within a systematic review, through to correcting the study itself by adding a correction notice. Therefore, in the interests of transparency and accuracy, a summary of the most relevant points is provided, so that a fair-minded reader can objectively form a clear opinion.