bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
J-PLUS: Stellar parameters, C, N, Mg, Ca, and [α/Fe] abundances for two million stars from DR1
Authors: Yang Lin , Yuan Haibo , Xiang Maosheng , Duan Fuqing , Huang Yang , Liu Jifeng , Beers Timothy C. , Galarza Carlos Andrés , Daflon Simone , Fernández-Ontiveros Juan Antonio , Cenarro Javier , Cristóbal-Hornillos David , Hernández-Monteagudo Carlos , López-Sanjuan Carlos , Marín-Franch Antonio , Moles Mariano , Varela Jesús , Ramió Héctor Vázquez , Alcaniz Jailson , Dupke Renato , Ederoclite Alessandro , Sodré Laerte , Angulo Raul E.
Published: January 2022

Context. The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) has obtained precise photometry in 12 specially designed filters for large numbers of Galactic stars. Deriving their precise stellar atmospheric parameters and individual elemental abundances is crucial for studies of Galactic structure and the assembly history and chemical evolution of our Galaxy.

Aims. Our goal is to estimate not only stellar parameters (effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity, log g, and metallicity, [Fe/H]), but also [α/Fe] and four elemental abundances ([C/Fe], [N/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Ca/Fe]) using data from the first data release (DR1) of J-PLUS.

Methods. By combining recalibrated photometric data from J-PLUS DR1, Gaia DR2, and spectroscopic labels from the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, we designed and trained a set of cost-sensitive neural networks, the CSNet, to learn the nonlinear mapping from stellar colours to their labels. Special attention was paid to the poorly populated regions of the label space by giving different weights according to their density distribution.

Results. We achieved precisions of δ Teff ∼ 55 K, δlog g ∼ 0.15 dex, and δ [Fe/H] ∼ 0.07 dex, respectively, over a wide range of temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities. The uncertainties of the abundance estimates for [α/Fe] and the four individual elements are in the 0.04–0.08 dex range. We compare our parameter and abundance estimates with those from other spectroscopic catalogs such as the Apache Point Observatory for Galactic Evolution Experiment and the Galactic Archaeology with High Efficiency and Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph and find an overall good agreement.

Conclusions. Our results demonstrate the potential of well-designed, high-quality photometric data for determinations of stellar parameters as well as individual elemental abundances. Applying the method to J-PLUS DR1, we obtained the aforementioned parameters for about two million stars, providing an outstanding dataset for chemo-dynamic analyses of the Milky Way. The catalog of the estimated parameters is publicly accessible.
V456 Cyg: An eclipsing binary with tidally perturbed g-mode pulsations
Authors: Van Reeth T. , Southworth J. , Van Beeck J. , Bowman D. M.
Published: January 2022

Context. Many well-known bright stars have been observed by the ongoing transiting exoplanet survey satellite (TESS) space mission. For several of them, these new data reveal previously unobserved variability, such as tidally perturbed pulsations in close binary stars.

Aims. Using newly detected gravity-mode (g-mode) pulsations in V456 Cyg, we aim to determine the global stellar properties of this short-period eclipsing binary and evaluate the interaction between these pulsations and the tides.

Methods. We model the binary orbit and determine the physical properties of the component stars using the TESS photometry and published spectroscopy. We then measure the pulsation frequencies from the residuals of the light curve fit using iterative prewhitening, and analyse them to determine the global asteroseismic stellar parameters. We evaluate the pulsation parameters as a function of the orbital phase.

Results. We find that the pulsations belong to the secondary component of V456 Cyg and that this star likely has a uniform radial rotation profile, synchronous (νrot = 1.113 (14) d−1) with the binary orbit (νorb = 1.122091 (8) d−1). The observed g modes are amplified by almost a factor three in the stellar hemisphere facing the primary. We present evidence that this is caused by tidal perturbation of the pulsations, with the mode coupling being strongly affected.

Conclusions. V456 Cyg is only the second object for which tidally perturbed high-order g-mode pulsations are identified, after π5 Ori. This opens up new opportunities for tidal g-mode asteroseismology, as it demonstrates another avenue in which g modes and tides can interact with each other.
The effect of storage period on calcium and magnesium level and antimicrobial activity of goat’s milk kefir
Authors: Radiati Lilik Eka , Juliyanti Hariana Tri , Wardhani Cindy Heryanti Kusuma
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this reasearch was to determine the effect of storage period goat’s milk kefir (GMK) on total LAB, total mineral levels included Ca and Mg and antimicrobial activity to pathogenic microbes. The materials used was GMK. This research was conducted using Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were storage period that consist of D0 (0 day), D1 (7 days), D2 (14 days), and D3 (21 days). Total calculation of LAB used TPC (Total Plate Count). Samples were diluted from 10-1 to 10-8, then incoculated PCA medium by using pour plate method. Petri dish was incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. Calcium and magnesium levels were calculed base AAS method. The result of this study was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The storage time treatment has a significant effect on the total microbial count, mineral levels (Ca and Mg) and inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar typhi on goat's milk kefir. Average clear zone Staphylococcus aureus 2.60 – 3.18 mm. Average inhibition zone Escherichia coli 2.09 – 3.32 mm. Average clear zone Salmonella enterica serovar typhi 1.97 – 2.72 mm.
A new trend on sustainable animal production
Authors: Hsia Liang Chou
Published: January 2022

A sustainable animal production can improve the efficiency of animal production and recycle of animal waste, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It can be achieved by firstly, properly operation of animal production, such as improvement by animal breeding, synthesis of amino acids, improvement by animal nutrition, good housing design, phase feeding system, liquid feeding system, using left over of one day bakery and biscuit factory, left over of vegetable and fruit market, new methods to plant Leucaena or mulberry to feed goats, grass or fodder plant in hydroponic house for sustainable farming. Secondly, good waste management, such as transferring waste to no contaminant material and even to useful material, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, liquid waste management, and solid waste treatment. All these subjects also need to consider the interaction between knowledge, e.g. breeding and nutrition need to consider about environmental temperature factors; waste management needs to consider about nutrient requirement by vegetable, fruit, etc. A sustainable animal production is a kind of science integrated different knowledge together, then you can achieve some good results.
Effect of using fresh palm oil and used palm oil as a fatliquoring agent to the physical quality of tilapia fish skin in vegetable tannery
Authors: Pertiwiningrum Ambar , Nugroho Kurniawan Eko , Roufi Muhammad Aziz Nur , Pastawan Viagian , Yuliatmo Ragil , Abidin Mohammad Zainal , Erwanto Yuny
Published: January 2022

Fish skin is one of the alternative materials to replace the common animal skin that used in the leather tannery. This research was carried out by vegetable tanning to the tilapia fish skin using selected concentration of fresh palm oil and used palm oil. The study aims to find out the physical quality of leather through the using of fresh and used palm oil as fatliquoring agent in the vegetable tannery process. The same concentration of fresh palm oil (5%) and used palm oil (5%) were used in this study. The parameter of tensile strength, elongation, and shrinkage temperature as physical quality was observed in triplicates. Based on the results, tensile strength and leather elongation were significantly increased, while the shrinkage temperature was not significantly affected. In conclusion, the addition of palm oil caused the increasing tilapia fish skin quality that can be used for commercial products, and it became the alternative material that could be use in vegetable tannery processing.
The influence of entrepreneurship competence to entrepreneurships orientation on beef cattle farmer in Karanganyar regency
Authors: Purnomo Sutrisno Hadi , Handayanta Eka , Hanifa Agni , Sari Ayu Intan , Emawati Shanti , Rahayu Endang Tri
Published: January 2022

This research aims to analyze the influence and relationship of entrepreneurial competence to entrepreneurship orientation of beef cattle business. The research was conducted in Tasikmadu, Karanganyar, Central Java Indonesia at February-April 2021. Methods of data collection using survey method with questionnaire as primary data retrieval tool. The method of determining the respondents using census method on all farmers who attended the training with the number of respondents 42 people. Method of determining the location by purposive sampling. Data analysis used was test of validity and reliability, multiple linear regression analysis continued test of determination (R2), F test, t test and classical assumption test. Validity test results show valid results rhitung> rtabel is 0.304 and reliability value α > 0.6 on all variables. Multiple linear regression analysis obtained value of equation Y = 0.741 + 0.350X1 + 0.246X2 + 0.264X3 + 0.047X4 + 0.011X5 + 0.038X6. The value of determination coefficient (R2) is 0.608, which means that entrepreneurship competence variable can explain the entrepreneurship orientation variable equal to 60.8%. The entrepreneurial competence variable affects together toward the orientation with the value Fcount> Ftable. It can be concluded that entrepreneurial competence consisting of communication, problem solving, initiative, planning and organization, self-awareness and technology simultaneous influence to entrepreneurial orientation.
Alabio ducks, germplasms of South Kalimantan, as protein and income sources
Authors: Rohaeni Eni Siti , Saptati Ratna Ayu , Hutahaean Lintje
Published: January 2022

Apart from providing food originating from meat and eggs, Alabio ducks have another important role for farmers in South Kalimantan, namely as an income source, employment source, and preservation of local genetic source. This paper aimed to study the economic profile of Alabio ducks in several types of businesses in Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, South Kalimantan. A survey method was carried out on several groups of duck farmers. In order to obtain more in-depth information, a focus group discussion (FGD) was held with key insiders in the duck industry. The results showed that the duck farming business has good prospects and can be a source of income and employment for farmers and young generations. The business of hatchery, slaughter-duck producers, hatching egg producers, and consumes-egg producers, is economically feasible. Improving bio-security and handling and managing environmental sanitation have to carry out, among others, through pens, equipment, and environmental disinfection, as well as routine vaccinations with the escort and support of local and central government. In addition, to increase the welfare and income of farmers need to introduce technological innovations that can increase farming efficiency.
Exploration of potential regional resources for beef cattle farming development in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widiati Rini , Suwignyo Bambang , Putra Ahmad Romadhoni Surya
Published: January 2022

More than 90% of cattle in Indonesia are raised by smallholder farmer. They are facing limited land resources so that the input of feed mostly depend on the agriculture waste and its environment. The aimed of this study was to determine the potential agricultural resources which influence to the development of beef cattle. The sample locations were 3 districts from the eastern part of West Java province. Panel data of variables that were thought have an effect on beef cattle development were taken from 2012 to 2019 in three regencies. These data were analyses by Multiple Regression Model using the OLS method. The stationary test was done before using time series data by unit root tests of Augmented Dickey-Fuller. The results of this research showed that the corn and Cassava production, as well as the population as a source of agriculture labor in a region was potential resources to increase of beef cattle population. The integration of cattle and corn farming on suitable land in a region needs to be considered as the strategy in beef cattle farming development, because the corn production per unit of land can produce the highest feed compared to the other food crop residues.
Honey moisture reduction using several thermal methods and their effects on its quality
Authors: Jaya Firman , Radiati Lilik Eka , Estiasih Teti , Rosyidi Djalal , Lastriyanto Anang , Junus Mochammad , Batoro Jati , Erwan Erwan , Lamerkabel Jacobus Suruka Aifaman , Masyithoh Dewi , Ustadi Ustadi , Pinandita Eggi Pur
Published: January 2022

Honey is thermally heated at various methods to decrease the moisture content and prolong the shelf life. The heating methods might decrease the quality of honey's physicochemical and biochemical properties. The present study thermally treated the honey with a pasteurizer, evaporator, and dehumidifier. The most thermally affected to decrease the moisture content were treatment by dehumidifier (14.09%), subsequent evaporation (8.41%), and pasteurization (8.41%). After heating, significant differentiation was also observed in the variation of both HMF (Hydroxymethylfurfural) content and diastase activity according to the botanical origin of the honey sample. In line with the biochemical analysis of honey, total phenolic decreased significantly during the pasteurization treatment. Evaporation was the most resistant thermal treatment due to its ability to maintain the level of HMF and the enzyme diastase as a standard for honey quality. However, changes made in physicochemical and biochemical quality are still in compliance with national and international legal limits.
Effect of energy and protein level in complete feed used elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) and maize stover (Zea mays. L) silage on nutrient content, total digestible nutrient, and in vitro degradation
Authors: Hartutik  , Marjuki  , Huda Asri Nurul , Jannah Roi Katul
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine of ideal ration of energy and protein in complete feed used elephant grass and maize stover silage. The materials were use elephant grass, maize stover silage with 10% molasses and Lactobacillus plantarum 1x106 CFU/g and concentrates. The method used experimental laboratory, the data of nutrient and TDN content using descriptive analysis. In vitro degradation value was analysed by Analysis of Variance from a factorial randomized block design and followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The complete feed was use 12.5% elephant grass + 37.5% maize stover silage + 50% concentrates with consist of energy level (E1 =12.5, E2 =13.5, E3 =14.5 MJ/kg DM) and protein level (P1 =10.5, P2= 13.5, P3= 16.5%). The results showed that in vitro DM and OM degradation respectively energy or protein level showed has significantly (P<0.01), while the interaction did not significant (P>0.05). The best treatment is E3P3 with energy 14.5 MJ/kg and protein 16.5% on nutrient content DM 92,51%., OM 90,33%., CP 16.57%, CF 19.29%, EE 1.77%, NFE 53.70%, TDN content 67.14%, In vitro DM degradation 66.14 % and in vitro OM degradation 70.01%.
Effect of energy and dose of vitamin E selenium on improving the reproduction performance of Joper brood stock
Authors: Haryuni Nining , Hartutik Hartutik , Widodo Eko , Wahjuningsih Sri
Published: January 2022

Production performance in Joper broodstock can be improved through increased feed energy and vitamin E-selenium supplementation. This study used 400 laying hens Isa Brown aged 35 weeks and 15 Sentul rooster aged 68 weeks. This study used a factorial completely randomized design with 2 factors, namely metabolic energy levels (2,700 and 2,800 kcal/kg) and vitamin E-selenium supplementation doses (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm) where each treatment used 10 laying hens and repeated 4 times. The dose of selenium is 0.001 ppm/mg vitamin E. The energy level has a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on (feed, protein and energy) intake and HDP. The dose level of vitamin E- selenium in feed had a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on HDP and significant (P < 0.05) on (feed, protein and energy) intake and FCR. The interaction between the two has a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on HDP. The average feed intake 113-115 g/day, protein intake 21.90-22.20 g/day and energy intake 308-317 kcal/bird. HDP 76.70-83.00%. The conclusion of this study is that feed with metabolic energy of 2800kcal/kg and vitamin E-selenium supplementation at a dose of 100 ppm can improve the productivity of Joper broodstock.
The physical characteristics of ice cream with the addition of goat bone gelatine as a stabilizer
Authors: Andriani Ria Dewi , Rahayu Premy Puspitawati , Mustakim  , Apriliyani Mulia Winirsya , Sawitri Manik Eirry , Manab Abdul , Nida Sopi Sopiatun
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate concentration of gelatin bone goat to the physical quality of the ice cream. The good of ice cream making can be examined from their physical properties including overrun, viscosity, melting point, and emulsion stability. This study employs a complete random design (CRD) with the treatment that is given including, P0 (controlled), P1 (the use of goat bone gelatin by 0.5%), P2 (the use of goat bone gelatin by 1%), P3 (the use of goat bone gelatin by 1.5%). The observed variable is overrun, viscosity, melting point, and emulsion stability. The results show that ice cream with the addition of a goat bone gelatin stabilizer as much as 1.5% produces ice cream with the best quality with an average value of 65.11% overrun, the viscosity to 84.57 cP, 35.31 minutes/50 g melting point and 84.03% of emulsion stability.
A qualitative study of small-scale layer farms on a tropical island Malang Indonesia
Authors: Febrianto Nanang , Hartono Budi
Published: January 2022

The research was conducted at Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, with the research purpose of understanding the amount of small-scale income and characteristics generated by layer farmers. Data collection from February to March 2020 used the survey method. The total sample was 109 respondents determined by the purposive sampling method with the consideration of laying farmers with 2.000 – 7.666 birds for at least three years. The data collection consisted of primary and secondary data. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result showed that the success rate of the livestock business is inseparable from the characteristics of the farmers. Characteristics of respondents observed in the research included age, education, occupation, breeding experience, and the number of family members. The conclusion of this research is the livestock population was 7,667-15,333 birds, the age around 40–49 years, educational level was elementary school, occupation as farmers, the farming experience was 11-15 years and family member of farmers was 5 people.
The impact of education and experience on profit of smallholder dairy farming at Batu City of Malang Raya, Indonesia
Authors: Utami Hari Dwi , Hariyono MB , Wisaptiningsih Umi , Nugroho Hary , Cholis Nur
Published: January 2022

The research was conducted at Batu, City, Malang Raya of Indonesia. Study addressed to examine the farmer characteristics, dairy farming income, and the factors influencing on profit. The case study applied multistage sampling method to select 34 representative farmers which divided into three strata namely, stratum-1 (rearing <4 Animal Units), stratum-2 (owning 4-8 AU), and stratum-3 (controlling >8 AU). Primary data collection used survey method with structured questionnaire, whereas secondary data were available in related institutions and sources. Data analysis implemented descriptive and multiple regression technique. Results confirmed that farmers has experienced about 6-10 years in raising dairy farming and they has secondary school education. The profitable dairy farming was smallholder dairy farming that rearing more than 8 AU with daily income per Animal Unit of IDR 64,554 and structured with IDR 11,131 of revenue and IDR 47,577 of production cost. Farmer’s experience was positively explaining the smallholder dairy profit, and the high school education attainment was more likely to increase venture’s income. The farm return has positive and strong relationships with the more number of dairy cattle owned.
Is underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of colon polyps superior to conventional techniques? A network analysis of endoscopic mucosal resection and submucosal dissection
Authors: Chong Choon Seng , Muthiah Mark D. , Tan Darren Jun Hao , Ng Cheng Han , Lim Xiong Chang , Lim Wen Hui , Yuen Linus Zhen Han , Koh Jin Hean , Nistala Kameswara Rishi Yeshayahu , Ho Khek-Yu
Published: January 2022

Background and study aims Evidence from recent trials comparing conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) to underwater EMR (UEMR) have matured. However, studies comparing UEMR to endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are lacking. Hence, we sought to conduct a comprehensive network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of UEMR, ESD, and EMR.

Methods Embase and Medline databases were searched from inception to December 2020 for articles comparing UEMR with EMR and ESD. Outcomes of interest included rates of en bloc and complete polyp resection, risk of perforation and bleeding, and local recurrence. A network meta-analysis comparing all three approaches was conducted. In addition, a conventional comparative meta-analysis comparing UEMR to EMR was performed. Analysis was stratified according to polyp sizes (< 10 mm, ≥ 10 mm, and ≥ 20 mm).

Results Twenty-two articles were included in this study. For polyps ≥ 10 mm, UEMR was inferior to ESD in achieving en bloc resection (P = 0.02). However, UEMR had shorter operating time for polyps ≥ 10 mm (P < 0.001), and ≥20 mm (P = 0.019) with reduced perforation risk for polyps ≥ 10 mm (P = 0.05) compared to ESD. In addition, en bloc resection rates were similar between UEMR and EMR, although UEMR had reduced recurrence for polyps ≥ 10 mm (P = 0.013) and ≥ 20 mm (P = 0.014). UEMR also had shorter mean operating than EMR for polyps ≥ 10 mm (P < 0.001) and ≥ 20 mm (P < 0.001). Risk of bleeding and perforation with UEMR and EMR were similar for polyp of all sizes.

Conclusions UEMR has demonstrated technical and oncological outcomes comparable to ESD and EMR, along with a desirable safety profile. UEMR appears to be a safe and effective alternative to conventional methods for resection of polyps ≥ 10 mm.
Performance enhancement of graphene/Ge near-infrared photodetector by modulating the doping level of graphene
Authors: Kwon Min Gyu , Kim Cihyun , Chang Kyoung Eun , Yoo Tae Jin , Kim So-Young , Hwang Hyeon Jun , Lee Sanghan , Lee Byoung Hun
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we improved the performance of a near-infrared graphene/germanium heterojunction photodetector at atmospheric pressure and at room temperature. We applied graphene with p-type chemical doping (doping chemical: polyacrylic acid) to lower the graphene Fermi level and increase the Schottky barrier formed at the junction with Ge. The responsivity at 1550 nm is improved from 0.87 to 1.27 A/W after the doping process. At the same time, the dark current is reduced by 20 times and the detectivity of the optimized device is improved to 9.6 × 109 Jones, which is 540% improvement compared to the undoped graphene device. With the result of improving performance through this simple process, it will be able to contribute to the fabrication of highly reactive graphene/semiconductor based photodetectors and the development of near-infrared sensors.
Corrigendum to: The phylogenetic placement of Australian Linderniaceae and implications for generic taxonomy
Authors: Biffin Ed , Barker W. R. (Bill) , Wannan Bruce , Liang Yi-Shuo
Published: January 2022

The taxonomy of Linderniaceae has been considered difficult, particularly in the establishment of a stable generic framework. The prevailing approach in Australia and globally has been to adopt a broad concept of Lindernia encompassing several segregates that have at various times been recognised as genera or subgeneric taxa. A recent global conspectus drawing on molecular phylogeny returned Lindernia to a narrower circumscription and also retained several long-recognised and more recently established genera. It included a polyphyletic Vandellia, encompassing many Australian species previously accepted as belonging in Lindernia. Here, we test these generic concepts using the phylogenetic analysis of plastid matK DNA sequences, including representatives of Australian Linderniaceae. We propose a generic taxonomy that resolves existing polyphyly and balances the need for name changes against the information conveyed by generic names. Our concept of Lindernia recognises three monophyletic subgenera. Evidence is insufficient to determine whether Micranthemum should be subsumed in Lindernia or remains a close ally with a sister relationship to it. In light of our findings, we return most of the Australian species to Lindernia; we also establish for the first time: Lindernia subg. Ilysanthes (Raf.) Wannan, W.R.Barker & Y.S.Liang, based on Ilysanthes Raf.; a replacement name Yamazakia W.R.Barker, Y.S.Liang & Wannan for Tittmannia Rchb. nom. rej., with consequential combinations Y. viscosa (Hornem.) W.R.Barker, Y.S.Liang & Wannan, based on Gratiola viscosa Hornem. and Y. pusilla W.R.Barker, Y.S.Liang & Wannan, based on Gratiola pusilla Willd.; and, in expanding Torenia, the combination Tor. anagallis (Burm.f.) Wannan, W.R.Barker & Y.S.Liang, based on Ruellia anagallis Burm.f.
A functional division of
Drosophila
sweet taste neurons that is value-based and task-specific
Authors: Chen Hsueh-Ling , Motevalli Dorsa , Stern Ulrich , Yang Chung-Hui
Published: January 2022

Significance

Sweet taste neurons in both
Drosophila
and mice are often thought to be hardwired to promote appetitive responses and signal the presence of reward. Here, exploiting
Drosophila
females’ robust rejection of sucrose substrates over plain ones during egg-laying in one specific context, we discovered that
Drosophila
sweet neurons can be divided into at least two anatomically and functionally distinct groups that confer positive and negative values, respectively, to options during egg-laying. This discovery reveals one design feature of the
Drosophila
sweet taste system that allows sweetness/sugars to be valued differently according to context and animals’ behavioral goal (i.e., feeding versus egg-laying), pointing to a level of flexibility and sophistication that is not seen in the system’s mammalian counterparts.
WASP stings into matrix to lead immune cell migration
Authors: Rottner Klemens , Stradal Theresia E.B.
Published: January 2022

WASP is a remodeler of the actin cytoskeleton, but its mechanistic contribution to neutrophil migration is unclear. In this issue, Brunetti et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202104046) show that WASP is recruited to substrate-induced membrane deformations near the cell front, where it induces Arp2/3 complex–mediated local actin assembly to direct migration.
Robust ferromagnetic insulating and large exchange bias in LaMnO3:CoO composite thin films
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Yu , Tao Ya-Jun , Jiao Pei-Jie , Wang Jian , Zhang Ji , Luo Zhen-Lin , Gu Zheng-Bin , Zhou Jian , Chen Y B , Zhang Shan-Tao
Published: January 2022

Ferromagnetic insulators (FMIs) have received widespread attention for applications in novel low power consumption spintronic devices. Further optimizing robust ferromagnetic insulation and developing a multifunctional FMI by integrating other magnetic properties can not only ease or pave the way for actual application but also provide an additional degree of freedom for device design. In this work, by introducing antiferromagnetic CoO into the FMI LaMnO3, we constructed (1 − x)LaMnO3:xCoO composite thin films. The films simultaneously show robust FMI characteristics and a large exchange bias (EB). For the x = 0.5 sample, the resistivity is 120 Ω cm at 250 K, the magnetization is 100 emu cm−3, and the EB field is −2200 Oe at 10 K. In particular, the blocking temperature is up to 140 K. Synchrotron radiation x-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the coexistence of Mn3+, Mn2+, Co2+ and Co3+, arising from interfacial charge transfer and space charge/defect trapping, which should be responsible for the enhanced and integrated multifunctional magnetic properties.
Quantify pixel-level detection of dam surface crack using deep learning
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhang Hua , Li Yonglong , Wang Shuang , Zhou Huaifang , Lin Haitao
Published: January 2022

An increasing number of detection methods based on computer vision are applied to detect cracks in water conservancy infrastructure. However, most studies directly use existing feature extraction networks to extract crack information, which are proposed for open-source datasets. As the crack distribution and pixel features are different from these data, the extracted crack information is incomplete. In this paper, a deep learning-based network for dam surface crack detection is proposed, which mainly addresses the semantic segmentation of cracks on the dam surface. Particularly, we design a shallow encoding network to extract features of crack images based on the statistical analysis of cracks. Further, to enhance the relevance of contextual information, we introduce an attention module into the decoding network. During the training, we use the sum of cross-entropy and Dice loss as the loss function to overcome data imbalance. The quantitative crack information is extracted by the imaging principle after using morphological algorithms to extract the morphological features of the predicted result. We built a manual annotation dataset containing 1577 images to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. This method achieves state-of-the-art performance on our dataset. Specifically, the precision, recall, Intersection of Union (IoU), F1_measure, and accuracy are 90.81%, 81.54%, 75.23%, 85.93%, 99.76%, respectively, and the quantification error of cracks is less than 4%.
Non-invasive intelligent monitoring system for fault detection in induction motor based on lead-free-piezoelectric sensor using ANN
Authors: Gana Massine , Achour Hakim , Belaid Kamel , Chelli Zakia , Laghrouche Mourad , Chaouchi Ahcène
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a design of a low-cost integrated system for the preventive detection of unbalance faults in an induction motor. In this regard, two non-invasive measurements were collected then monitored in real time and transmitted via an ESP32 board. A new, flexible, lead-free piezoelectric sensor, developed previously in our laboratory, was used for vibration analysis (VA). An infrared thermopile was used for non-contact temperature measurement. The data is transmitted via Wi-Fi to a monitoring station that intervenes to detect an anomaly. The diagnosis of the motor condition is realized using an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm implemented on the microcontroller. Additionally, a Kalman filter is employed to predict the vibrations while eliminating the noise. The combination of VA, thermal signature analysis and ANN provides a better diagnosis and provides efficiency, accuracy, easy access to data and remote control, which significantly reduces human intervention.
Laser-induced photodetachment of negative oxygen ions in the spatial afterglow of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet
Authors: Staps T J A , Donders T J M , Platier B , Beckers J
Published: January 2022

Negative ions are an important constituent of the spatial afterglow of atmospheric pressure plasmas, where the fundamental plasma-substrate interactions take place that are vital for applications such as biomedicine, material synthesis, and ambient air treatment. In this work, we use laser-induced photodetachment to liberate electrons from negative ions in the afterglow region of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet interacting with an argon-oxygen mixture, and microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy to detect the photodetached electrons. This diagnostic technique allows for the determination of the electron density and the effective collision frequency before, during and after the laser pulse was shot through the measurement volume with nanosecond time resolution. From a laser saturation study, it is concluded that O− is the dominant negative ion in the afterglow. Moreover, the decay of the photodetached electron density is found to be dominantly driven by the (re)formation of O− by dissociative attachment of electrons with O2. As a consequence, we identified the species and process responsible for the formation of negative ions in the spatial afterglow in our experiment.
Shape memory polymer foam: active deformation, simulation and validation of space environment
Authors: Luo Lan , Zhang Fenghua , Pan Wei , Yao Yongtao , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong
Published: January 2022

Shape memory polymer foam (SMPF) is being studied extensively as potential aerospace materials as they have high compression ratio, high specific strength and high specific modulus compared to other shape memory polymers. In this paper, a composite foam with shape memory epoxy as matrix and polyurethane as functional phase was prepared. The SMPF has been characterized by different analytical and testing methods, and its chemical crosslinking reaction and material properties have been studied. The SMPF was installed in the shape memory polymer composite (SMPC) flexible solar array system (SMPC-FSAS), and ground environment tests and orbital validation were performed. Considering the particularity of space environment, the thermal performance test of ground space environment can effectively test the reliability of shape memory performance. Finally, the SMPC-FSAS carried on SJ-20 satellite successfully deployed on geosynchronous orbit for the first time in the world. Moving forward, SMPF assesses the feasibility of applications in the space field and provides more valuable information.
Evolution of the upper critical field and superconducting vortex phase with thickness in PLD-grown Ta films
Authors: Liu Yixin , Zhang Han , Han Xiaowen , Wang Teng , Wang Lingling , Niu Zhengqi , Pan Jie , Lin Zhirong , Peng Wei , Li Zhuojun , Mu Gang , Di Zengfeng , Huang Fuqiang , Xie Xiaoming
Published: January 2022

High quality superconducting thin films are the basis for the application of superconducting devices. Here, we report on the film growth and superconducting properties of Ta films. The films were grown by the pulsed laser deposition technique on the α-Al2O3 substrates. It is found that, with the increase of the film thickness from 20 nm to 61 nm, both the superconducting transition temperature

T

c

and residual resistance ratio (RRR) display an upward trend, while the upper critical field decreases monotonously in a wide temperature region. A clear anisotropic behavior is revealed by comparing the upper critical fields with two different orientations (

H
⊥

film

and

H
∥

film

). The anisotropy parameter Γ is found to be as high as 20 for the sample with the thickness of 20 nm. The systematical evolution from two- to three-dimensional features for the superconductivity with increasing the film thickness is observed in the temperature dependent upper critical field data. Moreover, the vortex liquid region tends to expand with the increase in the film thickness.
Strange quark matter and proto-strange stars in a baryon density-dependent quark mass model *
Authors: Chen Huai-Min , Xia Cheng-Jun , Peng Guang-Xiong
Published: January 2022

The properties of strange quark matter and the structures of (proto-)strange stars are studied within the framework of a baryon density-dependent quark mass model, where a novel quark mass scaling and self-consistent thermodynamic treatment are adopted. Our results indicate that the perturbative interaction has a significant impact on the properties of strange quark matter. It is determined that the energy per baryon increases with temperature, while the free energy decreases and eventually becomes negative. At fixed temperatures, the pressure at the minimum free energy per baryon is zero, suggesting that the thermodynamic self-consistency is preserved. Furthermore, the sound velocity v in quark matter approaches the extreme relativistic limit (

) as the density increases. By increasing the strengths of the confinement parameter D and perturbation parameter C, the tendency for v to approach the extreme relativistic limit at high density is slightly weakened. For (proto-)strange stars, the novel quark mass scaling can accommodate massive proto-strange stars with their maximum mass surpassing twice the solar mass by considering the isentropic stages along the star evolution line, where the entropy per baryon of the star matter is set to be 0.5 and 1 with the lepton fraction

= 0.4.
Experimental study on liquid metal free surface flow under magnetic and electric field for nuclear fusion
Authors: Meng Xu , Wang Zenghui , Zhang Dengke
Published: January 2022

In the future application of nuclear fusion, the liquid metal flows are considered to be an attractive option of the first wall of the tokamak which can effectively remove impurities and improve the confinement of plasma. Moreover, the flowing liquid metal can solve the problem of the corrosion of the solid first wall due to high thermal load and particle discharge. In the magnetic confinement fusion reactor, the liquid metal flow experiences strong magnetic and electric, fields from plasma. In the present paper, an experiment has been conducted to explore the influence of electric and magnetic fields on liquid metal flow. The direction of electric current is perpendicular to that of the magnetic field direction, and thus the Lorentz force is upward or downward. A laser profilometer based on the laser triangulation technique is used to measure the thickness of the liquid film of Galinstan. The phenomenon of the liquid column from the free surface is observed by the high-speed camera under various flow rates, intensities of magnetic field and electric field. Under a constant external magnetic field, the liquid column appears at the position of the incident current once the external current exceeds a critical value, which is inversely proportional to the magnetic field. The thickness of the flowing liquid film increases with the intensities of magnetic field, electric field, and Reynolds number. The thickness of the liquid film at the incident current position reaches a maximum value when the force is upward. The distribution of liquid metal in the channel presents a parabolic shape with high central and low marginal. Additionally, the splashing, i.e. the detachment of liquid metal is not observed in the present experiment, which suggests a higher critical current for splashing to occur.
A portable muon telescope for multidisciplinary applications
Authors: Gamage R.M.I.D. , Basnet S. , Cortina Gil E. , Demin P. , Giammanco A. , Karnam R. , Moussawi M. , Tytgat M.
Published: January 2022

Muon tomography or “muography” is an emerging imaging technique that uses cosmogenic muons as the radiation source. Due to its diverse range of applications and the use of natural radiation, muography is being applied across many fields such as geology, archaeology, civil engineering, nuclear reactor monitoring, nuclear waste characterization, underground surveys, etc. Muons can be detected using various detector technologies, among which, resistive plate chambers (RPC) are a very cost effective choice. RPCs are planar detectors which use ionization in a thin gas gap to detect cosmic muons, already used since years in major particle accelerator experiments.

We have developed a muon telescope (or “muoscope”) composed of small scale RPCs. The design goal for our muoscope is to be portable and autonomous, in order to take data in places that are not easily accessible. The whole setup is light and compact, such to be easily packed in a car trunk. Individual RPCs are hosted in gas-tight aluminium cases. There is no need for gas bottles, once the chambers are filled. The muoscope can be controlled from a reasonable distance using wireless connection. In this paper we summarize the guiding principles of our project and present some recent developments and future prospects, including a long-term stability study of the resistivity of the semiconductive coating obtained with serigraphy.
Solution of the random field XY magnet on a fully connected graph
Authors: Sumedha  , Barma Mustansir
Published: January 2022

We use large deviation theory to obtain the free energy of the XY model on a fully connected graph on each site of which there is a randomly oriented field of magnitude h. The phase diagram is obtained for two symmetric distributions of the random orientations: (a) a uniform distribution and (b) a distribution with cubic symmetry. In both cases, the disorder–averaged ordered state reflects the symmetry of the underlying distribution. The phase boundary has a multicritical point (MCP) which separates a locus of continuous transitions (for small values of h) from a locus of first order transitions (for large h). The free energy is a function of a single variable in case (a) and a function of two variables in case (b), leading to different characters of the MCPs in the two cases. We find that the locus of continuous transitions is given by the same equation for a family of quadriperiodic distributions, which includes the distributions (a) and (b). However, the location of the MCP and the nature of ordered state depend on the form of the distribution. The disorder-averaged ground state energy is found exactly, and the specific heat is shown to approach a constant as temperature approaches zero.
Simple method for making MWCNTs/Au-NPs-based biosensor electrodes
Authors: Subagio Agus , Taufiq Heydar Ruffa , Khumaeni Ali , Umiati Ngurah Ayu Ketut , Adi Kusworo
Published: January 2022

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes have great potential when applied as biosensors. Their properties, especially as electrodes with electrochemical characteristics, offer strong benefits for developing biosensors. This research has been able to integrate multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) to obtain several new superior properties. Cysteaminium chloride is used to link MWCNTs and Au-NPs while binding to specific antibodies to make them more sensitive to some diseases or viruses. The data on the success of the bonding of MWCNTs/Au-NPs were tested using three characterizations, namely FTIR, SEM, and XRD. Based on the results of testing electrochemical properties using the CV and EIS tests, the capacitance value of 6,363 Fg−1 and the Rct value of 717,9 Ω, respectively. This demonstrates good adhesion and electron transfer properties from the electrolyte to the probe and electrode.
Sawtooth-like oscillations and steady states caused by the m/n = 2/1 double tearing mode
Authors: ZHANG Wei , MA Zhiwei , ZHANG Haowei , WANG Xin
Published: January 2022

The sawtooth-like oscillations resulting from the

m
/
n
=
2
/
1

double tearing mode (DTM) are numerically investigated through the three-dimensional, toroidal, nonlinear resistive-MHD code (CLT). We find that the nonlinear evolution of the

m
/
n
=
2
/
1

DTM can lead to sawtooth-like oscillations, which are similar to those driven by the kink mode. The perpendicular thermal conductivity and the external heating rate can significantly alter the behaviors of the DTM driven sawtooth-like oscillations. With a high perpendicular thermal conductivity, the system quickly evolves into a steady state with

m
/
n
=
2
/
1

magnetic islands and helical flow. However, with a low perpendicular thermal conductivity, the system tends to exhibit sawtooth-like oscillations. With a sufficiently high or low heating rate, the system exhibits sawtooth-like oscillations, while with an intermediate heating rate, the system quickly evolves into a steady state. At the steady state, there exist the non-axisymmetric magnetic field and strong radial flow, and both are with helicity of

m
/
n
=
2
/
1
.

Like the steady state with

m
/
n
=
1
/
1

radial flow, which is beneficial for preventing the helium ash accumulation in the core, the steady state with

m
/
n
=
2
/
1

radial flow might also be a good candidate for the advanced steady state operations in future fusion reactors. We also find that the behaviors of the sawtooth-like oscillations are almost independent of tokamak geometry, which implies that the steady state with saturated

m
/
n
=
2
/
1

islands might exist in different tokamaks.
Dynamics of water-energy-food nexus interactions with climate change and policy options
Authors: Wu Lina , Elshorbagy Amin , Alam Md Shahabul
Published: January 2022

Understanding the dynamics of water-energy-food (WEF) nexus interactions with climate change and human intervention helps inform policymaking. This study demonstrates the WEF nexus behavior under ensembles of climate change, transboundary inflows, and policy options, and evaluates the overall nexus performance using a previously developed system dynamics-based WEF nexus model—WEF-Sask. The climate scenarios include a baseline (1986–2014) and near-future climate projections (2021–2050). The approach is demonstrated through the case study of Saskatchewan, Canada. Results show that rising temperature with increased rainfall likely maintains reliable food and feed production. The climate scenarios characterized by a combination of moderate temperature increase and slightly less rainfall or higher temperature increase with slightly higher rainfall are easier to adapt to by irrigation expansion. However, such expansion uses a large amount of water resulting in reduced hydropower production. In contrast, higher temperature, combined with less rainfall, such as SSP370 (+2.4 °C, −6 mm), is difficult to adapt to by irrigation expansion. Renewable energy expansion, the most effective climate change mitigation option in Saskatchewan, leads to the best nexus performance during 2021–2050, reducing total water demand, groundwater demand, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and potentially increasing water available for food&feed production. In this study, we recommend and use food&feed and power production targets and provide an approach to assessing the impacts of hydroclimate and policy options on the WEF nexus, along with suggestions for adapting the agriculture and energy sectors to climate change.
Integrable nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equations associated with 𝑠𝑜(3,ℝ)
Authors: Ma Wen-Xiu
Published: January 2022

We construct integrable PT-symmetric nonlocal reductions for an integrable hierarchy associated with the special orthogonal Lie algebra

so
⁡
(
3
,

R

)

\operatorname {so}(3,\mathbb {R})

. The resulting typical nonlocal integrable equations are integrable PT-symmetric nonlocal reverse-space, reverse-time and reverse-spacetime nonlinear Schrödinger equations associated with

so
⁡
(
3
,

R

)

\operatorname {so}(3,\mathbb {R})

.