bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Physical Therapy With Independent Home Stretching for Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Kaiser Philip B. , Keyser Cornelia , Crawford Alexander M. , Bluman Eric M. , Smith Jeremy T. , Chiodo Christopher P.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Although formal physical therapy (PT) is effective in treating plantar fasciitis (PF), it is unclear how this compares with home-based plantar fascia stretching (HS).

Methods:

Fifty-seven patients with PF were enrolled in a prospective randomized trial comparing PT with HS. Visual analog scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), and Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) scores were analyzed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.

Results:

At 6 months, VAS improved in both HS (35% decrease; P < 0.001) and PT (26% decrease; P = 0.002) relative to baseline. FAAM Activities of Daily Living scores improved 13.0% (P = 0.005) in HS and 21.3% (P < 0.001) in PT at 6 months relative to baseline. The SF-36 Physical Component Summary Scores demonstrated improvement at all time points in both groups. There were no notable intergroup differences in VAS, FAAM, or SF-36 at any time point.

Dicussion:

The clinical outcomes of a home stretching protocol and PT did not markedly differ for the treatment of PF.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I.
Approval and Legislation Involved in Development of Medical Devices in Dentistry – A Systematic Review
Authors: Liaqat Saad , Farman Humaira , Bibi Sabra , Fayyaz Sarmad , Ullah Sadiq , Jabeen Humaira , Khan Muhammad Adnan , Muhammad Nawshad
Published: July 2022

A medical device is defined as “any an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent” and “intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals”. Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to outline the steps and necessary requirements needed for approval and legislation of new medical devices. Methods:  Two databases; PubMed and Google Scholar were electronically searched for articles published from year 2011 to 2021. The following MeSH (Medical Subjects Headings) terms; “new medical devices”, “Regulatory Bodies”, “Approval Medical Devices”, “Pre-market Post-market Approval” along with Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT were used to search for the articles. Results: It is evident from our study that risks associated with new medical and dental devices are being taken seriously by the governments of different countries and intensive work is done to minimize the risks and maximize the benefits of them. Conclusions: It is safe to say that we are entering a new era of safe medical practice along with new and better devices being available for the public. The reforms being made will help not only the hospitals and patients but will also assist the manufacturers in understanding the mechanisms involved in clearing their products for the approval. It will lead to advancement and reshaping healthcare system to combat many challenges faced by it and promote and protect the public health.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Vitamin D among Females suffering from vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Zulfiqar Marwa , Mariam Raima , Waseem Barira , Zafar Ayesha , Sheraz Fatima , Fatima Amsa , Arshad Misbah
Published: July 2022

Vitamin D is essential for supporting women’s health throughout their lifespan. A fundamental function of Vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism and absorption of our bone health. Vitamin D deficiency can occur in young women, especially those who are pregnant, and the risk of this increases with age. Objective: To highlight the growing preponderance, attitude and beliefs of women regarding Vitamin D. Methods: At the Jinnah Hospital in Lahore a comparative cross-sectional study was conducted. A non-probability convenient sampling strategy was used to select 100 ladies. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. All females aged between 20 to 90 years suffering from Vitamin D deficiency admitted in Jinnah Hospital, Lahore were included. Results: Out of 100 patients 56 of them answered that they were consuming vitamin D supplements <1- 2 times in a month, 33 of them said 2-3 times in a month while the remaining 11 said 4-6 times in a month. Conclusions: Women were greatly affected by the it’s deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in early ages as in the older age. The women significantly lacked knowledge about the foods to be consumed and the right nutrition intake for Vitamin d deficiency
Long-term outcomes of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery in Patients with Hydrocephalus
Authors: Haq Naeem Ul , Shah Inayat , Khan Musawer
Published: July 2022

For the treatment of hydrocephalus, VP shunt surgery is considered the most appropriate method of treatment, but this treatment has a number of complications, it needs to be replaced after the failure of the previous shunt.  Objective: To evaluate the different regulatory factors involved in the failure of Shunt surgery, the initiation points of shunt failure, and the number of shunt surgeries required after first shunt treatment. The time duration required for shunt failure was also considered to evaluate the lifelong experience with this VP shunt surgery. Methods: It is a retrospective study with a statistical approach. This study was conducted in Neurosurgery unit, Mardan medical complex / Bacha khan medical college, Mardan for the Duration of One year August 2020 to July 2021. Patients suffering from hydrocephalus undergoing shunt surgery visited the neurosurgery unit of Mardan Medical complex, Bacha Khan Medical College were included in the study. Complete information related to the etiology, imaging results, demographic distribution, surgery reports, and medical follow-ups were analyzed thoroughly. Results: About 25 patients having VP shunt surgery were selected; their average age was above 60 years. The median mean of the follow-ups was 6 and 9 respectively. Patients with having age of more than 18 years are considered adult patients and constituted of the 70 % of the total. The rate of shunt failure was estimated, it was about 46.2 %. The pediatric patients are more prone to shunt failure than the adult ones. Different factors are involved in shunt replacement but age and sex have a major role. Shunt replacement time is quite low in young patients. While in case of age, male patients have a greater number of shunt replacements within their lifespan. Conclusion: The results inferred that age has a particular role in the triggering of shunt failure, many other factors are also associated independently to increase the rate of shunt failure. There is a need for controlled studies to understand the link between risk factors and shunt failure rate.
C-Reactive Protein levels in Acute Stroke: Ischemic vs Hemorrhagic in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Jamal Nighat , Jadoon Iqra , Hamza Ameer , Affan Ali Syed , Rauf Abdur , Mumtaz Hassan , Muhammad Ismail Syed
Published: July 2022

There is growing evidence of the prognostic importance of C-reactive protein (CRP) in ischemic stroke. However, the independent value of CRP in ischemic vs hemorrhagic stroke has not been established. Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of CRP as biomarker in ischemic stroke in comparison to hemorrhagic stroke Methods: This prospective study was conducted from March 2020 to March 2022 in the Department of Medicine, Ayub Medical College. Sample size of 71 was calculated including patients of both genders having age 22-105 years admitted with first-ever acute stroke within the first 24 hours of onset. Data was analyzed using SPSS latest version. Quantitative variables are shown as frequency and percentages. Paired T Test was applied to see the association of CRP levels with effect on CT- Scan of Brain. p value less than 0.05 was considered significant Results: 69% of the participants were women, far outnumbering the men. 45 patients found to have ischemic stroke (63.38%) whereas 26 (36.62%) reported having Hemorrhagic stroke. Paired t test applied to see the association of CRP Levels with CT Scan Brain was found significant having p value 0.002 Conclusions: CRP levels are important in the diagnosis of stroke based on data. CRP levels must be compared to those of other stroke biomarkers in order to make this determination. The serum CRP level within 24 hours can be used to predict severity in ischemic but not hemorrhagic stroke.
Factors Associated with Vesicovaginal Fistula and Their and Treatment Outcome
Authors: Dars Saira , Brohi Saifullah , Masroor Bhatti Aisha , Bashir Keerio Rabail , Liaquat Farah , Karim Kouser
Published: July 2022

Vesicovaginal fistulas (VVF) also known as vesicovaginal fistula, have become a growing public health concern especially of developing countries. The most cited reason in literature of VVF is by prolonged and obstructed labor. With improvement in quality care delivery in health around the globe, the etiology of VVF too evolving in the country. Objective: This study was done to find out the factors associated with vesicovaginal fistula and to determine the success rate of operative procedure for treatment of vesicovaginal fistula. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics in Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad from January 2021 to December 2021 among 60 women at different ages suffering from vesicovaginal fistula due to gynaecological or obstetrical causes or malignancy. Result: Majority of the patients were “young primipara with short stature and malnourished, coming from lower socioeconomic condition of rural areas. Prolonged labor 24 (40%) was the most common cause of vesicovaginal fistula, followed by gynaecological surgeries mainly hysterectomies 18 (30%) and malignancy 4 (6.6%) rare cause. The success rate of repair following first and second attempt was 92% and 8% respectively. Overall success rate was 48 (96%) and functionally failed with a failure in 2(4%) cases. This study showed main cause for developing fistula showing prolonged labor and majority of patient were treated pervaginally. Most of the cases (96%) had successful repair which is very encouraging and correlates well with recently published series. Conclusion: Fistula can be totally preventable by proper antenatal care identification of high risk cases, timely referral, proper intranatal, postnatal care, and proper training. So improvement of health care services and dedication will prevent this type of morbidity. The best results are obtained when repair of vesicovaginal fistulae is carried out under optimal conditions”.
Exercise Echocardiography and Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in The Assessment of Suspected or Known Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Rahman Khalid Muhammad , Ali Irfan , Ali Arbab Irfan , Ahmed Iftikhar , Akhtar Bilal , Sharfi Masroor H.
Published: July 2022

Exercise echocardiography has become a significant tool of non-invasive valuation of coronary artery disease (CAD). The Exercise echocardiography and dobutamine stress echocardiography are widely applied methods with different clinical procedures and indications. Objective: To determine the exercise echocardiography and dobutamine stress echocardiography in the assessment of suspected or known coronary artery disease. Methods: 260 consecutive patients endured Stress Echocardiography in the Cardiology department of NICVD Karachi for one-year duration from January 2021 to December 2021. The treadmill was used for Exercise echocardiography applying the Bruce protocol. The standard method was applied for dobutamine stress echocardiography. The Stress Echocardiography was taken as positive on the basis of the appearance of worsening or new wall motion abnormalities. Results: Exercise echocardiography performed by 160 patients and DSE in 100 subjects with mean age of 47.21 and 53.10 years, correspondingly. Males were dominated in both groups. The both groups have similar risk factors. In the diagnosis of CAD, Exercise echocardiography was used more often than dobutamine stress echocardiography (61.5% vs 38.5%). The Viability tests have been carried out exclusively by DSE. The frequency of adverse events was 29% in dobutamine stress echocardiography and no one has side-effects in exercise echocardiography. Stress-related dysfunction of left ventricle was much communal in dobutamine stress echocardiography. Conclusion: Exercise Echocardiography is a better and safer non-invasive imaging method among subjects who can execute exercise, but DSE is further beneficial for pre-operative evaluation, viability and patients who are disabled physically for ergometer and treadmill exercise test.
Comparison of Sevoflurane and Propofol for Insertion Of I-Gel in Patients Undergoing Minor Elective Surgical Procedures Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Ashfaq Shumaila , Asghar Faheem , Adalat Chaudhry Shahid , Nadeem Khan Muhammad , Razzaque Sajid , Habib Virk Usman
Published: July 2022

The usage of Propofol is the most common method for the sake of insertion of I-Gel. But when propofol is used it may cause serious problems like swelling or inflammation at the injection site, low blood pressure, and apnea. There is a need to find another better method for providing anesthetics during the insertion of I-Gel. Objective: To find out the effects of two anaesthetics propofol and sevoflurane during the insertion of I-Gel. Methods: For the sake of the study a group of 66 patients were selected. All of these patients have to go under some surgeries using commonly available an aesthetics. The patients were divided into two groups 33 patients in each group. One group received Propofol before surgery and the other group receive sevoflurane. Then after the insertion of I –Gel, patients were analyzed in detail for all the changes that took place. Results: After the insertion of I-Gel, all the physical changes of the patients were analyzed in detail. Both of the study groups were given different drugs, but after surgery, no difference was observed between two groups having different an aesthetic. Both of the group have same heart rate, blood pressure and other insertion details except that Sevoflurane need much time to perform it’s an aesthetic function as compared to Propofol. Conclusion: After all these experiments, it is inferred that, when the effects of both drugs were compared, Sevoflurance has stability in the case of hemodynamics, it can replace propofol in a number of procedures due to its stability. Propofol does not have so much hemodynamic stability. But when I-Gel insertion has to be performed, Propofol has a better rate of induction as compared to sevoflurane.
Frequency of Depression Among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Visiting Haji Abdul Qayyum Hospital Sahiwal
Authors: Iftikhar Hira , Iftikhar Zahra , Qutab Noman , Aamir Diwan Rana , Ayub Tayyaba , Anwar Faridi Tallat
Published: July 2022

Hepatitis C is prominently a hepatic disease whose infection ranges in severity from a mild illness to serious lifelong complications. Multiple organ systems in the body may get affected. Depression is an important complication in almost 70% of HCV patients. Objectives: To find out the frequency of depression in chronic hepatitis C infected population of District Sahiwal. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was performed at Gastroenterology Clinic, Haji Abdul Qayyum Hospital, Sahiwal during nine months from September 2020 to June 2021.Total 350 patients were selected by non - probability purposive sampling on the basis of preset inclusion and exclusion criteria. Beck’s Depression Inventory Scale was utilized to assess the patients for depression and correlate it with level of education and occupation. Results: Out of 350 patients of CHC, 56.6% were male and 43.4% were female.  4.3% patients were suffering from borderline depression; 42.3% were suffering from moderate depression; 46.3% were suffering from severe depression and 2.3 % were suffering from extreme depression. Association of depression with household income (p = 0.044) and duration of disease (p = 0.00) were significant while association of depression with level of education (p = 0.655) and occupation (p = 0.219) were not significant. Conclusion: Level of depression in patients of CHC is dangerously high. Level of depression in patients of CHC is strongly dependent on household income and duration of disease and independent of level of education and occupation.
Association Of Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Weakness with Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of Knee
Authors: Zuha Arfa , Anees Sarwat , Usman Jameel Muhammad , Hashim Adnan
Published: July 2022

The most widely recognized kind of joint sickness, osteoarthritis, influences in excess of 30 million individuals in the United States alone. It is the biggest reason for tireless handicap in more established people, with a yearly expense of $185 billion. Degenerative circumstances coming about because of the biochemical breakdown of articular (hyaline) ligament may be considered. Osteoarthritis, the most widely recognized outer muscle problem, is a drawn-out ongoing sickness portrayed via ligament diminishing in joints. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of quadriceps femoris muscle weakness with symptomatic osteoarthritis of knee. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 196 participants from the general population of Lahore. Non probability Convenient Sampling was used. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome criteria for knee osteoarthritis and MMT (manual muscle testing) for quadriceps weakness. Results: The result exhibited that the p- value for association of quadriceps weakness with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis is 0.097 which shows that there is no association. P value explains there is no association between these two variables. Conclusion: In this study, there was not direct interactive association between quadriceps muscles weakness with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis among general population.
Leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia in pre-partum, post-partum cases and non-pregnant women
Authors: Akhter Afia , Saleem Fatima , Jehanzeb Mian Muhammad , Mubarak Bushra , Waheed Kainat , Munir Iqra , Saadullah Marya , Anwar Masooma
Published: July 2022

Thrombocytopenia is a serious condition that may cause fatal outcomes for both mother and infant, whereas leukocytosis is an essential mediator of the inflammatory process and a marker for infection during pregnancy. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the frequency of thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis among pre-partum, post-partum cases and non-pregnant healthy controls. Methods: Total 600 samples were collected and categorized into three groups, pre-partum, post-partum and non-pregnant 200 in each. From selected groups 3-5 ml blood was collected in EDTA tube and Sodium Citrate vial. Platelets, WBCs, RBCs and Hemoglobin levels were analyzed on Sysmex KX-21. PT and APTT of all samples was performed manually. Results: Leukocytosis was detected in 60% pre-partum and 64% post-partum, there was not statistically significant difference (p=0.596). In pregnant and non-pregnant, there was significant difference statistically (p<0.05). Thrombocytopenia was detected in 11% pre-partum, 13% post-partum cases and there was no statistical difference (p>0.05). There was statistical difference in frequency of thrombocytopenia between pregnant and non-pregnant women (p=0.03). There was no statistically significant difference in PT and APTT between pre-partum and post-partum (p>0.05). APTT were significantly different between pregnant and non-pregnant cases (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia was found in higher frequency among pregnant women than non-pregnant women but there was no significant difference in frequency of leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia between pre-partum and post-partum women
Prevalence and Factors Leading to Hallux Valgus in Adults
Authors: Iftikhar Arooj , Aslam Saira , Amjad Faiza , Jabbar Saima , Alam Ayesha
Published: July 2022

Hallux valgus deformity is an abnormal aberration of the main metatarsal and parallel aberration of the Hallux (Big Toe), which is mistakenly interpreted as an augmentation of bone or tissue surrounding the Big Toe joint. Objective: The goal of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of hallux valgus in adults and the variables that cause it. Methods:  A sample of 160 young adults (both genders aging b/w 18 to 55 years) was evaluated for hallux valgus using the non-probability purposive sampling technique in Lahore Pakistan. The data were collected through a standardized Bunion Questionnaire and Manchester scale. It took six months to complete, whereas, the data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: For data analysis means, standard deviations were used along with chi-square testing. Adults had a 37.5 percent prevalence of hallux valgus, and the current study indicated that the primary risk variables were growing age, with females suffering more than males. The usage of heels on a regular basis was one of the key risk factors for patients with hallux valgus. Conclusion: The outcomes of the research might lead to improved biomechanical therapies to eliminate needless foot posture loads and the usage of non-ergonomic shoes.
Normal Doppler Ultrasonography Indices of Bilateral Common and Internal Carotid Arteries”. A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Ain Qurat ul , Rehma Shazia , Baig Furozan , Mobeen Arifa , Maqbool Sania , Nasim Mohsina , Ansari Amtullah , Fatima Sara
Published: July 2022

Carotid Arterial Intima Media Thickness (CA-IMT) is taken as an important indicator of atherosclerosis with increasing age and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution associated diseases like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cigarette smoking, alcohol usage, drugs, deranged lipid profile and high cholesterol, high salt and fatty diet Objective: To evaluate the Doppler ultrasonography indices of common and internal carotid arteries on both sides in normal individuals. Methods: A prospective comparative cross sectional study was conducted at Imperial Diagnostic and Research Centre, Imperial College of Business Studies, Lahore, Pakistan for a period of four months after the approval of synopsis. Convenient sampling technique was used and all patients visiting us during study interval of and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. A total of 50 participants age range from15 to 68 years, were included. Aloka Prosound α 5 SV, equipped with linear array probe with frequency of 6-9MHz, was used. All the participants, who were normal volunteers, were subjected to B-mode imaging and color-coded Doppler ultrasonography of their common carotid arteries and internal carotid artery in supine position. Baseline investigation was taken for blood pressure (BP) during resting phase. Participant’s age, weight and height were also assessed and recorded on questionnaire forms. MedCalc was then used to apply relevant tests for statistical analysis. Repeated Measures ANOVA was performed to see the difference between the values taken during supine and standing position on each side. Results: The IMT showed significant positive correlation with the age in both right and left CCA and ICAs. EDV values of right CCA showed significant positive correlation and RI and PI showed significant negative correlation with age. PSV and SD values of left CCA and PSV of right ICA showed significant negative correlation with age. Left ICA diameter and PSV showed the significant positive correlation with age. Conclusion: The study provides the information about normal Doppler indices which might be useful in the evaluation of cases of carotid artery diseases. These figures can be used to gain a better understanding of the aetiology of ischemic strokes in the brain.
Single Crystals of α–LiIO3 Doped with L–arginine and L–nitroarginine
Authors: Danghyan A. A.
Published: July 2022

One of the essential crystals for technology is the hexagonal modification of lithium iodate (α–LiIO3), which is endowed with nonlinear optical, pyroelectric, piezoelectric, acousto–optic properties. In recent years, a number of research groups studied physical and physiochemical properties of several single crystals (KDP, ADP, BTCA, ZTC) that were grown in the presence of various amino acids (L–alanine, L–glycine, L–arginine, L–lysine, etc.). In all these studies a positive effect on growth process and crystal quality is described for the amino acids being used as dopants in solutions. Based on the promising results of existing studies, in this work the effect of mixtures of the amino acids L–arginine and L–nitroarginine on α–LiIO3 single crystals is presented. Studies of IR spectrum, UV–Vis transmittance, thermal properties and nonlinear optical activity have shown that the optical quality and physicochemical properties of the crystal were improved in the presence of amino acid dopands. Our data indicates that second harmonic generation activity of the crystals of α–LiIO3 grown with L–arginine and L–nitroarginine dopants is 1.2 times higher than that of pure α–LiIO3.
Opportunities for Transforming Fundamental Physics Researchinto an Innovative Product
Authors: Sarian V. K. , Mkrtchyan A. H. , Meshcheryakov R. V.
Published: July 2022

Currently, humanity, our entire civilization needs long–term forecasts of emergencies and systems of individualized control of the actions of people and robots (AI systems) in the event of an emergency in order to radically reduce human and material losses. This was shown by the events of this year – catastrophic in scale fires, floods, earthquakes, apparently associated with global space phenomena, and man–made disasters, including epidemics associated with the pace of economic activity – the concentration of the world's population in megacities, globalization of the economy, population mobility, etc. The article shows that only the introduction of a mass service of individualized subscriber rescue management (IUSA) of an infocommunication network with sensors developed as a result of fundamental physical studies, and its full–fledged industrial operation can be accelerated by creating the Association of Researchers of Applied Physics Problems (ARAPP).
Examining Middle School Mathematics Student Teachers’ Post-Observation Conferences
Authors: KAYGISIZ Feyza Nur , DEMİR MERTEK Buket , BOZ YAMAN Burçak
Published: July 2022

Teachingpracticum allows prospective teachers to use the theoretical and practical knowledge they have learned as a student. The conferences held with the participation of the cooperativeteachers,prospectiveteachers, and theirpeers that take place after each course, carry great importance for prospective teachers to develop their professional skills. This study aims to examine the conferences held after the practice courses in terms of type and content. Two conferences of 11 prospective teachers, who undertake teaching practicum in Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Department of Elementary Mathematics Education were analyzed through content analysis. It was observed that prospective teachers generally took into account the criticisms in the conferences after the first practice and took action to improve their second teaching session. The criticisms made in the second set of meetings were found to be more positive than the previous ones. Therefore, it can be said that post-conference evaluations of the prospective teachers contribute to their professional skills.
Influence of Learners' Perceptions of the Benefits of Qur'anic Tadarus and Parents' Attention to Learning Discipline
Authors: Arif Hantoro  , Khoiruddin Nasution
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the influence of students' perceptions of the benefits of the tadarus al-Qur'an and parents' attention to the learning discipline of class VIII students at SMP N 3 Polanharjo Klaten academic year 2020/2021.
This research method uses a quantitative approach with a population of 43 students. Data analysis methods with classical assumption tests include linearity, normality, heteroskedasticity, multicollinearity, and multiple linear regression tests. The model accuracy tests are the F test, coefficient of determination (R2), and the hypothesis test with the T test.
The study's results explained that the influence of students' perceptions of the benefits of qur'anic tadarus on the learning discipline of students at SMP N 3 Polanharjo Klaten Th 2020/2021 is positive and significant. This means that the higher the learner's perception of the benefits of the tadarus al- Qur'an, the higher the learning discipline. The influence of parents' attention on the learning discipline of students at SMP N 3 Polanharjo Klaten Th 2020/2021 is positive and significant. This means that the greater the attention of parents, the higher the learning discipline. The influence of students' perceptions of the benefits of the Qur'an tadarus and parents' attention to the learning discipline of students at SMP N 3 Polanharjo Klaten Th 2020/2021 together (simultaneously) is a significant effect
DETERMINATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN ANAMBRA STATE
Authors: Ifeoma Obidile Dr. Jacinta , Nwankwo Peace Nonyelu , Okpara Lydia
Published: July 2022

The need to enhance the growth and survival of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) necessitated the study, to ascertain the factors affecting the growth and survival of SMEs in Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study. A total of Two thousand, eight hundred and thirty-two registered SME owners and managers constituted the population. Simple random sampling was used to select 950 SME owners and managers as the sample for the study. Structured questionnaire validated by three experts with a reliability coefficient of 0.83 was the instrument for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using Mean and Standard deviation. The study found that factors such as; Inadequate experience, Lack of creativity, Lack of focus/determination (personal competencies) and Inadequate equipment and tools, Insufficient capital, Change in the market trend (environmental factors) affect the growth and survival of SMEs. Also, the study revealed the ways through which the growth and survival of SMEs could be enhanced as; Provision of adequate financial support to SME operators by the government, philanthropists and Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), Government provision of favourable business policies for SMEs, and Provision of business and managerial skill training programme free of charge to SMEs through public private partnership, among others. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that, SME owners and managers should equip themselves with the necessary competencies required for the growth and survival of SMEs either through formal training or apprenticeship system or both to enhance the growth and survival of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELECTED SEX-RELATED ACTIVITIES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCEOF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KAKAMEGA CENTRAL SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Wesangula Moses Poi Poi , Namachi Lavera Leah
Published: July 2022

Educationists have observed that candidates’ summative scores in their exams correlates strongly with their continuous assessment’s tests in their former classes. They allege that although early sexual debut may not be a direct course of poor academic performance, higher educational aspiration is associated with postponement of sexually related activities. This study sought to determine the degree to which exposure to pre-marital sex activities influences academic achievements of secondary school pupils in Kakamega Central Sub-County. The study employed Psychosocial Theory of Personality development to support its findings. It adopted an ex-post facto research design to collect both quantitative and the qualitative data. A total of 4073 respondents consisting of 28 principals, 28 Heads of Department Guidance and Counseling and 4017 students participated. It used purposive sampling to select 28 principals and 28 Heads of Guidance and Counseling while Yamane (1967) formular was used to select 364 learners who were stratified according to their school populations. Questionnaires, Interview Schedules were used as research instruments. Half - split - half technique was used to test reliability of the instrument’s items on the questionnaire to yield a Cronbach’s alfa value of r = 0.85. Quantitative data was presented in frequency counts. Regression analysis tested relationship at 0.05 precision level. The results showed that Pornography from You Tube influenced academic performance by 53.2% (r = .532, P= .038); Pornographic literature and pictures by 41.0% (r = .410, P= .003) while soap operas influence was 50.8% (r = .508, P= .001). The study concluded that the most influential Internet Pornography that affect academic achievements of secondary schools’ students in Kakamega Central Sub-County are googled from You Tube followed by soap operas and Pornographic literature and pictures in that order. It was recommended that the government and parents be asked to participate in the efforts to block, prevent and advive learners on influences of sex related activities found online.
GESTIÓN DE SERVICIOS ESTRATÉGICOS Y DECISIONES DE ATENCIÓN A CLIENTES DE OPERADORES TELEFÓNICOS, HUANCAVELICA 2020
Authors: Lozano Núñez Carlos , Mencia Sánchez Noemí Gladys
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Determinar la relación de la gestión de servicios estratégicos con las decisiones de atención a clientes de operadores telefónicos, Huancavelica 2020.
Método: Investigación no experimental y correlacional. Se analizaron tesis y artículos científicos de gestión de servicio, atención y ventas de operadores telefónicos. La población fue 258 y la muestra 70 trabajadores y clientes de Bitel, Claro y Telefónica. Se aplicó el cuestionario validado por juicio de expertos y confiable (Alfa de Cronbach = 0,78).
Resultados: La mayoría ofrecen servicios de calidad (34,56 %) casi siempre, pocos regularmente (14,84 %); realizan ofertas de servicios comerciales (39,72 %), pocos nunca (7,42 %); realizan el proceso decisional (36,01 %), pocos nunca (11,01 %) y son decisores de ventas (35,44 %) pocos casi nunca (13,42 %). Se requiere informar características funcionales del producto como precio, calidad y condiciones del servicio adecuados a su condición económica y social del cliente considerando ofertas y precios bajos. Influye en las ventas el talento, habilidades de atención, opciones de compra y servicio ofrecidos por el vendedor.
Conclusión: La gestión de servicios se relaciona altamente (0,743) con las decisiones de atención a clientes de operadores telefónicos de la ciudad de Huancavelica. El nivel crítico 0,000 es menor a 0,05 %, rechaza el Ho.
IMPACTO DEL REGIMEN DE EXCEPCIÓN DE ESTADO DE EMERGENCIA Y LA SALUD PÚBLICA EN HUANCAVELICA
Authors: Cárdenas Almonacid Jesús Gabriel , Quispe Hilario Saúl , Soto Donaires Analí Giovana
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: fundamentar el impacto de la declaración de estado de emergencia que se relaciona con la salud pública en el departamento de Huancavelica, ya que en la presente investigación desarrollamos un tema de trascendental importancia para el derecho en el contexto de pandemia que vivimos, y nos sumergiremos en los contenidos del Régimen de Excepción en el país y su relación con la salud pública.

Método: la investigación es de tipo de correlacional causal, cuantitativo, diseño no experimental de tipo longitudinal; para el recojo de datos se utilizó la guía de observación y estilo Likert, un cuestionario de 18 ítems.

Resultados: mediante el estudio estadístico realizado a través del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r) se tiene a un 95% de nivel de confianza, r= 0,7890939, que corresponde a una correlación positiva alta, que el impacto de la declaración de estado de emergencia se relaciona significativamente con la salud pública en el Departamento de Huancavelica, que el derecho a la inviolabilidad de domicilio y la reunión pacifica sin armas se relaciona significativamente con la salud pública.

Conclusión: el impacto de la declaración del régimen de excepción de estado de emergencia tiene una alta correlación con la salud pública en el Departamento de Huancavelica.
idoneidad didáctica en la formación de profesores de matemáticas
Authors: Font Vicenc , Breda Adriana , Calle Eulalia
Published: July 2022

En este taller, en un primer momento se presenta una actividad con el propósito de conocer los aspectos que los participantes consideran relevantes para implementarla en sus clases; en un segundo momento, se comentan las tendencias actuales en la enseñanza de las matemáticas que permiten dar una primera respuesta a lo que se entiende por la mejora de un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas y se observa cuáles han sido utilizadas por los asistentes. En un tercer momento, se profundiza en la pregunta ¿Cómo debe ser una clase de matemáticas idónea? y se introducen los criterios de idoneidad didáctica, con sus componentes e indicadores, como respuesta a esta pregunta. Por último, se trabajan tareas que se han utilizado en la formación de profesores para introducir alguno de dichos criterios y componentes.
Transição da pré-escola para o 1º ano do ensino fundamental em tempos de pandemia: como os professores das escolas públicas de Agudos - SP estão lidando com a transição em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Marcelino Júlia Graziela Sanchez , Garbino Giovanna Martins , Silva Peterson de Santis
Published: July 2022

A transição escolar é um momento muito importante no desenvolvimento biopsicossocial de toda criança, pois ao sair da pré-escola se depara com uma nova maneira de aprendizagem, de socialização e desenvolvimento, o qual colabora integralmente no processo educacional de toda criança, quando esta transição é realizada de forma positiva e saudável, consequentemente haverá de ter resultados satisfatórios diante da transição, quando ocorre de forma negativa, inevitavelmente haverá problemas que certamente afetarão sua aprendizagem e seu desenvolvimento. Por conta da Pandemia da covid-19, o ensino se tornou remoto e híbrido, o ensino educacional teve que ressignificar sua metodologia de ensino, trazendo consigo diversas mudanças. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo observar como os professores das escolas públicas de Agudos/SP estão lidando com a transição em tempos de pandemia da covid-19. A metodologia utilizada foi através do método estatístico, com abordagem indutiva que obteve resultados através de dados coletados, feitos por um questionário online. O resultado alcançado deixou evidente que possivelmente todas as escolas municipais do ensino fundamental de Agudos estão trabalhando de acordo com a BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) e juntamente com a OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde), a fim de favorecer esta transição de forma correta no processo de transição da pré-escola para o 1º do Ensino fundamental na cidade de Agudos, em tempos de pandemia da covid-19.
MUKHOYAM AL-QUR’AN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI MENGHAFAL SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Farhanudin Sholeh  , Mohammad Sholehuddin
Published: July 2022

Kegiatan MukhoyamAl-Quran yang dilaksanakan satu tahun sekali, dengan sistem outdoor (ngecamp) memadukan antara kegiatan Al-Quran (menghafal) dan kegiatan fisik yaitu olah raga (olah jiwa) tentunya dengan nuansa pendidikan lebih kental. Dalam kegiatan ini pembentukan motivasi tidak hanya dilakukan dengan memberikan materi saja akan tetapi dalam bentuk outbound kemudian dikaitkan dengan materi yang akan disampaikan, karena akan lebih efektif jika pembentukan motivasi ini dilakukan dengan cara mengaplikasikan langsung kegiatan dari pada terus-menerus menyampaikan sebuah ceramah atau materi.

Dengan fokus penelitian yang akan di teliti dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1).Bagaimana program mukhoyam Al-Qur’an dalam meningkatkan motivasi santri menghafal Al-Qur’an? 2).apa saja faktor penghambat santri dalam menghafalkan Al-Qur’an?.3).bagaimana peran mukhoyam Al-Qur’an dalam memotivasi untuk menghafal Al-Qur’an?

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan jenis pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi yang di analisis secara deskriptif. Sedangkan analisis datayang di gunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan. Data yang terkumpul melalui ketiga teknik tersebut di analisis secara berulang-ulang. Keabsahan data dilakukan pengecekan data untuk memastikan apakah data yang telah diperoleh sudah benar-benar dapat dipercaya atau belum. Ini juga dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa data yang diperoleh benar-benar dapat menjawab rumusan masalah penelitiannya.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa setiap santri memiliki motivasi masing-masing dan motivasi tersebut di kembangkan oleh pondok pesantren tahfidzul Qur’an dengan mengadakan kegiatan mukhoyam Al-Qur’an, selain membaca dan menghafal santri juga di tanamkan nilai-nilai agama dan mentadaburi isi kandungan Al-Qur’an agar santri menjadi penghafal Al-Qur’an sesuai yang di harapkan.
Impact on economy of India due to variations in climate
Authors:   Department of Zoology, D. N. (P.G.) College, Meerut-250002, Uttar Pradesh, India, Singh Kalpana , Adhana Preeti , Garg Vandana ,   Department of Zoology, D. N. (P.G.) College, Meerut-250002, Uttar Pradesh, India,   Department of Zoology, D. N. (P.G.) College, Meerut-250002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: July 2022

India has a fascinating position in climate variability and economic progress. With abundant resources, but lacking in capital and technical expertise, the route to a net-zero-carbon economy in India is a long race. Climate change initiatives that are implemented immediately, such as COP26, are frequently met with resistance and put the economy under burden. Changes in climate have inexorably altered climate patterns and are now causing significant economic damage in India. However, failing to strive for a low-emission economy will stymie future progress. Climate change has an impact on agriculture as well, putting half of India's people at risk. The above-mentioned concerns are the subject of an empirical analysis in this paper.
IT GOVERNANCE AND INFORMATION SECURITY OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Mahdi Zahraa Rahim
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to determine the level of information technology governance available in the commercial bank (Bank Audi - Najaf branch) using the seven components of COBIT represented. These elements constitute principles, policies, frameworks, processes, organizational structure, culture, ethics, behaviors, information, skills, experience, services, and infrastructure. The research uses the statistical method through a survey of administrators and managers in the Audi Bank - Najaf branch to determine the level of information technology governance available and compare it with the COBIT model, a tool for controlling information technology. The results show that applying information technology governance mechanisms in Iraqi commercial banks can reduce audit risks assessed by external auditors, increase the reliability of accounting information systems, and support information security in light of electronic accounting systems. Finally, applying a model to measure information technology governance in Iraqi commercial banks under the framework COBIT will be a standard measure of the level of governance of information technology and help these banks reduce risk.
RESOURCES CONSUMPTION ACCOUNTING FOR A RATIONAL PRODUCTION COSTS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Obeid Maytham Nema
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using the resource consumption accounting system to reduce the cost of the product as one of the advanced approaches to allocating costs. Because of the enormous competition of companies in the market, cost control becomes an essential part that helps managers make cost-cutting decisions to achieve greater corporate profitability. This study shedding light on the new cost-accounting model RCA, the cost management approach that combines German cost accounting and activity-based cost accounting (ABC). This system provides more accurate and reliable data for more effective planning, control, and performance evaluation. Using this system in the Iraqi industrial companies is an important step in improving the accuracy of measuring costs and thus reducing the cost of its products and achieving a competitive advantage. The study was applied in the Babel tire factory, one of the factories of the General Company for Rubber Industries and Tires.
Ibn Khaldun's Economic Theories Revisited
Authors: AL MAMUN Abdullah , SİNANOĞLU Bahadir , UDDİN Muhammad Salah
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze Ibn Khaldun's economic theory. Although recognized as a father of sociologists, Ibn Khaldun gets little attention for his contribution to the economic field. His economic thought emphasized Islamic principles and moral values. Furthermore, he first scientifically examined economic activities. In his price and labor theory, he viewed labor and effort as sacred and praiseworthy. The stages of development analyzed the consumer behaviour, market and government's role. In the initial stage, the development takes place by using individual wealth in a specialized sector. Subsequently, the growing wealth leads development more of affluent and luxury goods. In this development process, he advocated the minimum government's role in the economy. Accordingly, low taxes are more efficient and offer incentives to yield higher revenues. One of his major economic contributions is that he pointed out the economic issues and subsequently provided the generalized solutions that were given four hundred years 'before Adam Smith. Therefore, it is not exaggerated to say that he can be considered "the real father of economics (M. Oweiss & N. Atiyeh, 1988)."
Design and Analysis of Prediction Model Using Machine Learning In Agriculture
Authors: Gupta Diksha , Arora Dr. Yojna , Chugh Dr. Aarti
Published: July 2022

The reality of worldwide population growth and climate change demand that agriculture production can be increased. Traditional study findings which are difficult to extend to all conceivable fields since these are dependent on certain soil types, climatic circumstances, and background management combinations that aren't appropriate or transferable to all farms. There is no way for evaluating the efficacy of endless cropping system interactions (including many management practises) to crop production across the World. We demonstrate that dynamic interactions, that cannot be examined in repetitive trials, which are linked with considerable crop output variability and therefore the possibility for big yield gains, using massive databases and artificial intelligence. Our method can help to speed up agricultural research, discover sustainable methods, and meet future food demands. This is a paper attempted that at crop yield prediction using machine learning techniques with historic crop production data. For this, data has been collected from data.gov.in and data.world.
A Design of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Ibrahim Naireen , Tomar Krishna
Published: July 2022

Recently, Electronic Vehicles (EVs) have been attracted substantial responsiveness and so did the advance in battery equipment. Although the battery technology has been significantly advanced, the available batteries do not entirely meet the energy demands of the Electric vehicle power depletion. This latter aspect is very important for urban mobility. Although many EVs are previously available in the market. These topologies of EVs are based on the diverse combination of batteries, fuel cells, super-capacitor, flywheels, and regenerative braking systems, which are used as energy sources and energy storage devices.