bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prostate Cancer: Epigenetic Alterations, Risk Factors, and Therapy
Authors: Kgatle Mankgopo M. , Kalla Asgar A. , Islam Muhammed M. , Sathekge Mike , Moorad Razia
Published: November 2016

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent urological cancer that affects aging men in South Africa, and mechanisms underlying prostate tumorigenesis remain elusive. Research advancements in the field of PCa and epigenetics have allowed for the identification of specific alterations that occur beyond genetics but are still critically important in the pathogenesis of tumorigenesis. Anomalous epigenetic changes associated with PCa include histone modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding miRNA. These mechanisms regulate and silence hundreds of target genes including some which are key components of cellular signalling pathways that, when perturbed, promote tumorigenesis. Elucidation of mechanisms underlying epigenetic alterations and the manner in which these mechanisms interact in regulating gene transcription in PCa are an unmet necessity that may lead to novel chemotherapeutic approaches. This will, therefore, aid in developing combination therapies that will target multiple epigenetic pathways, which can be used in conjunction with the current conventional PCa treatment.
Research on a Rotating Machinery Fault Prognosis Method Using Three-Dimensional Spatial Representations
Authors: Dong Xiaoni , Zhang Xiaodong , Ma Zaichao , Wen Guangrui , Zhang Zhifen
Published: November 2016

Process models and parameters are two critical steps for fault prognosis in the operation of rotating machinery. Due to the requirement for a short and rapid response, it is important to study robust sensor data representation schemes. However, the conventional holospectrum defined by one-dimensional or two-dimensional methods does not sufficiently present this information in both the frequency and time domains. To supply a complete holospectrum model, a new three-dimensional spatial representation method is proposed. This method integrates improved three-dimensional (3D) holospectra and 3D filtered orbits, leading to the integration of radial and axial vibration features in one bearing section. The results from simulation and experimental analysis on a complex compressor show that the proposed method can present the real operational status and clearly reveal early faults, thus demonstrating great potential for condition-based maintenance prediction in industrial machinery.
Blue Ear Cyst: A Rare Eccrine Hidrocystoma of the Ear Canal and Successful Endoscopic Excision
Authors: Mur Taha A. , Miick Ronald , Pollak Natasha
Published: November 2016

Aims. Hidrocystomas are benign cystic growths of the apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. These cystic lesions have been well documented on the face, head, and neck, but rarely in the external auditory canal. Presentation of Case. A 67-year-old woman presented with a bluish cystic mass partially occluding the external auditory canal and interfering with hearing aid use. Lesion was excised completely via a transcanal endoscopic approach with excellent cosmetic results, no canal stenosis, and no recurrence at 1-year follow-up. Discussion. We present a rare eccrine hidrocystoma of the external auditory canal and successful excision of this benign lesion. We describe the surgical management using a transcanal endoscopic approach and follow-up results. An eccrine gland cyst that presents as a mass occluding the external auditory canal is quite rare. There are only a few such cases reported in the literature. These masses can be mistaken for basal cell carcinomas or cholesterol granulomas but can be easily differentiated using histopathology. Conclusion. Eccrine hidrocystoma is a cystic lesion of sweat glands, rarely found in the external auditory canal. A characteristic bluish hue aids in diagnosis and surgical excision using ear endoscopy provides excellent control.
Primary Cutaneous Actinomycosis along with the Surgical Scar on the Hand
Authors: Robati Reza M. , Niknezhad Nasim , Bidari-Zerehpoush Farahnaz , Niknezhad Nakisa
Published: November 2016

Primary cutaneous actinomycosis is a rare clinical form with variable presentation. The tumoral presentation of actinomycosis as pseudocarcinomatous or sarcomatous masses is completely rare. The management of cutaneous actinomycosis needs proper antibiotic treatment and surgical resection would not be adequate alone. Herein, we report a case of primary cutaneous actinomycosis on the dorsal surface of the hand as draining and infiltrated lesions along with the scar of previous tumor excision that had not received proper antibiotics after the surgery.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg/2 wt.%SiCp Nanocomposite Fabricated by ARB Process
Authors: Lv Zheng , Ren Xueping , Wang Wenjing , Gao Xiaodan , Li Wenjie
Published: November 2016

Magnesium matrix nanocomposites (MMNC, the same below) containing 2 wt.% nanosized SiCp were fabricated through accumulative roll bonding (ARB). The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/2 wt.%SiCp nanocomposites are reported for various ARB cycles. To evaluate microstructure of the nanocomposites, the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were applied. After fourteen ARB cycles, the nanocomposite showed a homogeneous distribution of reinforcements and a significant reduction in average matrix grain size. Meanwhile, the nanocomposite revealed a higher percentage of recrystallization and lower intensity of basal texture as compared to monolithic Mg. Mechanical properties were investigated through tensile and microhardness tests. The strength and elastic modulus and microhardness of Mg/2 wt.%SiCp were found to be improved significantly from eight ARB cycles and reach maximum values at fourteen ARB cycles. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, microhardness, and elastic modulus of Mg/2 wt.%SiCp are considerably increased by 17.6%, 61.0%, 72.7%, and 80.8% as compared to raw Mg, respectively.
Utility Maximization for Load Optimization in Cellular/WLAN Interworking Network Based on Generalized Benders Decomposition
Authors: Zhou Fanqin , Feng Lei , Yu Peng , Li Wenjing , Meng Luoming
Published: November 2016

Load steering is widely accepted as a key SON function in cellular/WLAN interworking network. To investigate load optimizing from a perspective of system utilization maximization more than just offloading to improve APs’ usage, a utility maximization (UTMAX) optimization model and an ASRAO algorithm based on generalized Benders Decomposition are proposed in this paper. UTMAX is to maximize the sum of logarithmic utility functions of user data rate by jointly optimizing user association and resource allocation. To maintain the flexibility of resource allocation, a parameter β is added to the utility function, where smaller β means more resources can be allocated to edge users. As a result, it reflects a tradeoff between improvements in user throughput fairness and system total throughput. UTMAX turns out to be a mixed integer nonlinear programming, which is intractable intuitively. So ASRAO is proposed to solve it optimally and effectively, and an optional phase for expediting ASRAO is proposed by using relaxation and approximation techniques, which reduces nearly 10% iterations and time needed by normal ASRAO from simulation results. The results also show UTMAX’s good effects on improving WLAN usage and edge user throughput.
Investigation of Stress Concentration and Casing Strength Degradation Caused by Corrosion Pits
Authors: Yan Wei , Xu Yun , Zhou Yi , Wang Kongyang
Published: November 2016

Downhole casing and tubing are subjected to corrosion in many cases because of the exposure to corrosive environment. A more serious problem is that pitting corrosion occurs in the casing inner surface. Meanwhile, downhole strings are subjected to various forms of mechanical loads, for example, internal pressure load, external collapse load, or both. These loads acting on the corrosion pits will cause stress concentration and degrade the casing strength. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the stress concentration degree reasonably. The SCF (stress concentration factor) is usually used to characterize the degree of stress concentration induced by corrosion pits. This paper presented a comparison on the SCFs regarding the analytical method for a single pit and experimental method for double pits. The results show that the SCF of a single pit depends mainly on the depth of the corrosion pit; however, the SCF of the double pits strongly depends on the pits distance. A correction factor of 1.3 was recommended in the double pits SCF prediction model.
Streptococcus intermediusCausing Necrotizing Pneumonia in an Immune Competent Female: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hannoodi Faris , Ali Israa , Sabbagh Hussam , Kumar Sarwan
Published: November 2016

We report a case of a 52-year-old immunocompetent Caucasian female treated for necrotizingStreptococcus intermediuspneumonia and review available literature of similar cases. Our patient presented with respiratory failure and required hospitalization and treatment in the intensive care unit. Moreover, she required surgical drainage of right lung empyema as well as decortication and resection. The review of literature revealed three cases ofS. intermediuspneumonia, one of which was a mortality. Comparison of the published cases showed a highly varied prehospital course and radiological presentations, with a symptomatic phase ranging from 10 days to five months. Radiological findings varied from an isolated pleural effusion to systemic disease with the presence of brain abscesses. Immunocompetence appears to correlate well with the overall prognosis. In addition, smoking appears to be an important risk factor forS. intermediuspneumonia. In 2 (50%) of cases, pleural fluid analysis identifiedS. intermedius. In contrast, no organism was found in our patient, necessitating the acquisition of lung tissue sample for the diagnosis. In conclusion, both medical and surgical management are necessary for effective treatment ofS. intermediuspneumonia. The outcome of treatment is good in immunocompetent individuals.
Analysis of Important Gene Ontology Terms and Biological Pathways Related to Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yin Hang , Wang ShaoPeng , Zhang Yu-Hang , Cai Yu-Dong , Liu Hailin
Published: November 2016

Pancreatic cancer is a serious disease that results in more than thirty thousand deaths around the world per year. To design effective treatments, many investigators have devoted themselves to the study of biological processes and mechanisms underlying this disease. However, it is far from complete. In this study, we tried to extract important gene ontology (GO) terms and KEGG pathways for pancreatic cancer by adopting some existing computational methods. Genes that have been validated to be related to pancreatic cancer and have not been validated were represented by features derived from GO terms and KEGG pathways using the enrichment theory. A popular feature selection method, minimum redundancy maximum relevance, was employed to analyze these features and extract important GO terms and KEGG pathways. An extensive analysis of the obtained GO terms and KEGG pathways was provided to confirm the correlations between them and pancreatic cancer.
Endogenous n‐3 Fatty Acids Alleviate Carbon‐Tetrachloride‐Induced Acute Liver Injury in Fat-1 Transgenic Mice
Authors: Feng Ruibing , Wang Meng , Yan Chunyan , Li Peng , Chen Meiwan , He Chengwei , Wan Jian-Bo
Published: November 2016

n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are beneficial for numerous models of liver diseases. The probable protective effects of n‐3 PUFA against carbon‐tetrachloride‐ (CCl4‐) induced acute liver injury were evaluated in a fat-1 transgenic mouse that synthesizes endogenous n‐3 from n‐6 PUFA. Fat-1 mice and their WT littermates were fed a modified AIN93 diet containing 10% corn oil and were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of CCl4 or vehicle. CCl4 challenge caused severe liver injury in WT mice, as indicated by serum parameters and histopathological changes, which were remarkably ameliorated in fat-1 mice. Endogenous n‐3 PUFA decreased the elevation of oxidative stress induced by CCl4 challenge, which might be attributed to the activation of Nrf2/keap1 pathway. Additionally, endogenous n‐3 PUFA reduces hepatocyte apoptosis via suppressing MAPK pathway. These findings indicate that n‐3 PUFA has potent protective effects against acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice, suggesting that n‐3 PUFA can be used for the prevention and treatment of liver injury.
A Case of Ameloblastic Fibroodontoma Extending Maxillary Sinus with Erupted Tooth: Is Transcanine Approach with Alveolectomy Feasible?
Authors: Aslıer Mustafa , Ecevit Mustafa Cenk , Sarıoğlu Sülen , Sütay Semih
Published: November 2016

Ameloblastic fibroodontoma (AFO) is a rare entity of mixed odontogenic tumors and frequently arises from posterior portion of the maxilla or mandible in first two decades of life. Herein, a 35-year-old woman with a noncontributory medical history who presented with a progressive left maxillary toothache, left maxillary first molar tooth mobility, and swelling in the left maxillary molar area for the last 2 months was reported. Radiologically, a tumor that originated from periapical area of the second mature molar teeth of maxilla was seen and additively unerupted tooth was not detected. The histopathologic examination revealed AFO. The patient is disease-free for five years after treated with limited segmental alveolectomy combining with Caldwell-Luc procedure.
A Case Report Describing a Rare Presentation of Simultaneous Occurrence of MPO-ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Foray Nathalie , Hudali Tamer , Papireddy Muralidhar , Gao John
Published: November 2016

Background. Renal-limited myeloperoxidase vasculitis with simultaneous rheumatoid arthritis is reported as a rare occurrence. Review of literature suggests that most patients had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis for several years prior to presenting with renal failure from myeloperoxidase vasculitis.Case Presentation. A 58-year-old Caucasian male presented to the hospital experiencing malaise, fevers, decreased oral intake, nausea, and vomiting for one week duration. His past medical history consisted of newly diagnosed but untreated rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. He was found to have acute renal failure, proteinuria, and hypoglycemia. Standard therapy, including intravenous fluids, did not improve his acute renal failure. A vasculitis workup resulted in a positive myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA). Renal biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) pauci-immune type, suggestive of MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV). Treatment consisted of prednisone, cyclophosphamide, and seven cycles of plasmapheresis, in addition to hemodialysis for uremia. Upon discharge, he received hemodialysis for another week and continued treatment with cyclophosphamide and prednisone.Conclusion. Patients with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis may develop renal failure due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication use and AA type amyloidosis; however, necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescent formation has been rarely reported. This stresses the importance of early recognition and swift initiation of treatment.
A Case of Buccal Abscess from an Impacted Wisdom Tooth in an Elderly Person with Malnutrition
Authors: Kojima Yuki , Kojima Mizuha , Sakaguchi Kazuhiro , Sakaguchi Yutaka
Published: November 2016

We report a case of buccal abscess caused by an impacted wisdom tooth in an extremely elderly person with malnutrition. The patient was a 94-year-old man, who complained that he had found it hard to open his mouth and that his cheek had been swollen for the previous 2 weeks. He had a shallow oral wound caused by an improperly fitting denture; however, the wound became infected. We performed incisional drainage of the abscess under local anesthesia. The swelling disappeared and he was able to open his mouth 55 mm. The elderly have a high risk of healing failure of injuries and it has been reported that infection in a host in a compromised state is severely intractable. This elderly patient was in a compromised state because of malnutrition. Cases such as this one will increase as the elderly population increases. Dentists need to consider the quality of life of patients with a longer life expectancy and should offer patients several treatment options before their general condition deteriorates.
Spontaneous Rupture of Uterine Artery in a 14-Week Pregnant Woman
Authors: de Carvalho João Paulo Mancusi , Severo Luciano Augusto de Carvalho , de Carvalho Maria Helena Mancusi , Andres Marina de Paula , Gomes Mariano Tamura Vieira , Podgaec Sergio
Published: November 2016

We report a case of uterine artery rupture in a woman at 14 weeks’ gestation who presented with abdominal pain, tachycardia, and hypotension and underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy. During this procedure, a spontaneous rupture of the left uterine artery was diagnosed and the surgery was converted into a laparotomy. The artery was bound to its origin and to its distal uterine portion. The patient exhibited excellent postoperative recovery and was discharged two days after the surgery. The pregnancy continued without other maternal or fetal complications, and the patient delivered a healthy newborn via cesarean section at 39 weeks of gestation.
The Effects of Hemodynamic Changes on Pulse Wave Velocity in Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients
Authors: Obata Yurie , Mizogami Maki , Singh Sarabdeep , Nyhan Daniel , Berkowitz Dan E. , Steppan Jochen , Barodka Viachaslau
Published: November 2016

The effect of blood pressure on pulse wave velocity (PWV) is well established. However, PWV variability with acute hemodynamic changes has not been examined in the clinical setting. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of hemodynamic changes on PWV in patients who undergo cardiothoracic surgery. Using data from 25 patients, we determined blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) velocity-time integral. By superimposing the radial arterial waveform on the continuous wave Doppler waveform of the LVOT, obtained by transesophageal echo, we were able to determine pulse transit time and to calculate PWV, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Increases in BP, HR, and SVR were associated with higher values for PWV. In contrast increases in SV were associated with decreases in PWV. Changes in CO were not significantly associated with PWV.
A Rare Case of Lateral Canthal Gouty Tophus Presenting as an Eyelid Mass
Authors: Nakatsuka Austin S. , McDevitt Timothy F. , Tauchi-Nishi Pamela S.
Published: November 2016

A 41-year-old man with a history of gout presented with an enlarging eyelid growth. Clinical examination revealed a mildly indurated nodule at the lateral canthus. Following resection, histopathological examination revealed needle-shaped, crystalline material surrounded by multinucleated giant cells, findings consistent with gouty tophus. This represents just the sixth case of gouty tophus of the eyelid reported in the literature.
Comprehensive Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Assessment in Patients With Sarcoidosis and Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Greulich Simon , Kitterer Daniel , Latus Joerg , Aguor Eissa , Steubing Hannah , Kaesemann Philipp , Patrascu Alexandru , Greiser Andreas , Groeninger Stefan , Mayr Agnes , Braun Niko , Alscher M. Dominik , Sechtem Udo , Mahrholdt Heiko
Published: November 2016

Background—

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) may manifest as arrhythmia or even sudden cardiac death. Because patients with CS often present with nonspecific symptoms, normal electrocardiography, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, a reliable diagnostic tool for the work-up of CS is needed. Late gadolinium enhancement–cardiovascular magnetic resonance has proven diagnostic value in CS but has some limitations that may be overcome by adding newer cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping techniques. The aim of our study was to evaluate a comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol, including late gadolinium enhancement and mapping sequences in sarcoid patients with no symptoms or unspecific symptoms and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Methods and Results—

Sixty-one sarcoid patients were prospectively enrolled and underwent comprehensive cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-six healthy volunteers served as control group. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 65%; late gadolinium enhancement was only present in sarcoid patients (n=15). Sarcoid patients had a higher median native T1 (994 versus 960 ms;
P
<0.001), lower post contrast T1 (491 versus 526 ms;
P
=0.001), expanded extracellular volume (28 versus 25%;
P
=0.001), and higher T2 values (52 versus 49 ms;
P
<0.001) compared with controls. Among patients with values higher than the 95% percentile of healthy controls, most significant differences were observed for native T1 and T2 values. Most of these patients were late gadolinium enhancement negative.

Conclusions—

Patients with sarcoidosis demonstrate higher T1, extracellular volume, and T2 values compared with healthy controls, with most significant differences for native T1 and T2. While promising, the clinical significance of the newer mapping techniques with respect to early diagnosis and therapy of CS will have to be determined in future studies.
Muslim Women in Burkina Faso since the 1970s: Toward Recognition as Figures of Religious Authority?
Authors: Madore Frédérick , Gomez-Perez Muriel
Published: November 2016

This paper examines how visibility and legitimacy have been defined and achieved by Muslim women who have contributed to the development of Islam in Burkina Faso since the 1970s. We undertake a transversal study of the trajectories of women belonging to different cohorts of Arabic- and French-educated Muslims. In doing so, we highlight identity markers closely associated with key moments in their lives (activism through associations or personal initiatives, religious studies, the pilgrimage to Mecca, and media activities). Through the lens of performativity, we show how women have progressively gained visibility within the Muslim community. And although figures of religious authority remain uniformly male, women are increasingly able to claim legitimacy thanks to their flexible approach.
Chondrophycus anabeliae (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new species in the Laurencia complex from the Mexican Caribbean
Authors: SENTÍES ABEL , CASSANO VALÉRIA , DRECKMANN KURT M. , GIL-RODRÍGUEZ Mª CANDELARIA , STEIN ERIKA M. , FUJII MUTUE T.
Published: November 2016

An ongoing phycological survey of the Laurencia complex in the Mexican Caribbean revealed an undescribed species belonging to Chondrophycus. The new species exhibits vegetative and reproductive structures typical of the genus, except for the presence of a slightly compressed thallus, a translucent outermost cortical cell layer with conspicuous cell wall projections, and tetrasporangia produced from a particular cell with the formation of one additional fertile periaxial cell. The phylogenetic position of this taxon was inferred based on chloroplast-encoded rbcL gene sequence analyses from 54 taxa and using three Rhodomelaceaen taxa as outgroups. The Mexican Caribbean species formed a monophyletic and fully supported clade within the Chondrophycus assemblage, but diverged at 5.8% from the most closely related taxon in the clade, whereas it diverged at 7.5% from the morphologically more closely related species C. dotyi from Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, indicating that the Mexican Caribbean species is morphologically and genetically distinct from other Chondrophycus species, and supporting its treatment as a new species.
First record of Isegama Krombein (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Amiseginae) from China, with description of a new species
Authors: LI SHUANG-SHUANG , XU ZAI-FU
Published: November 2016

The genus Isegama Krombein is recorded from China for the first time and one new species, Isegama sinica Li & Xu, sp. nov. (China: Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan) is described and illustrated. Key to species of the genus is provided.
A new species of Cactopinus Schwarz from central Mexico (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)
Authors: ATKINSON THOMAS H.
Published: November 2016

A new species in the genus Cactopinus Schwarz is described from central Mexico bringing the total of known species to 22.
An update on the genus Longidorus, Paralongidorus and Xiphinema (Family Longidoridae) in Portugal
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ-GUTIÉRREZ CARLOS , BRAVO MARIA ANTONIA , SANTOS MARGARIDA TEIXEIRA , VIEIRA PAULO , MOTA MANUEL
Published: November 2016

The tribe Longidorini within the subfamily Longidorinae (Longidorus spp. and Paralongidorus spp.) and the subfamily Xiphineminae (Xiphinema spp.) are two large nematode groups with about 260 and 230 known species, respectively. They are globally two important groups of ectoparasitic nematodes considered to be major pests because of their activity as vectors of important plant nepovirus, with some species included in the list of quarantine pathogenic organisms in many European countries. Knowledge of the biodiversity and occurrence of this nematode group is a prerequisite for the establishment of sound management strategies and control measures. According to data collected from the databases (such as EPPO, FSTA, and Web of Science) and published in specialised literature, a total of 15 Longidorus, 1 Paralongidorus and 40 Xiphinema species have been recorded as present in Portugal. However, the taxonomic status of some species is controversial, and thus needs to be clarified. A comprehensive review for unravelling the biodiversity and occurrence of nematode species of the genus Longidorus, Paralongidorus and Xiphinema in Portugal is herein provided. This review includes an updated checklist of species with information on the localities, host plants and geographical distribution. Additionally, maps on the species distributions of Longidorinae and Xiphineminae nematodes present in Continental Portugal and the Portuguese Macaronesian islands are provided, as well as unpublished data on authors and comments on the current taxonomic status. Finally, new insights and directions for future research on Longidoridae in Portugal are presented.
New species, new records, and new collection data of Rhyacophila from China (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae)
Authors: SUN CHANG-HAI
Published: November 2016

Four new species of Rhyacophila, R. acanthoida n. sp., R. tongmuensis n. sp., R. shiliae n. sp., and R. bisbifida n. sp., are diagnosed, described, and illustrated. Two species, R. inaequalis Denning & Schmid and R. manicata Kimmins are found to be new records for China. Remarks on six Species Groups, to which the four new species and two newly recorded species belong, are presented. New collection data are added for R. bidens Kimmins, R. claviforma Sun & Yang, R. haplostephana Sun & Yang, R. quadrifida Sun & Yang, and R. tetracantha Sun & Yang.
A new Aceria species (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyoidea) from Minuartia frutescens (Caryophyllaceae) in Hungary
Authors: RIPKA GÉZA
Published: November 2016

A new species of eriophyoid mite, Aceria wassalberti n. sp. associated with Minuartia frutescens (Caryophyllaceae), is described and illustrated from Hungary. A key to the Aceria species known on Caryophyllaceae is given. Remarks are provided on the eriophyoid mites currently known from caryophyllaceous host plants.
Psychometric Properties of the Multi-Affect Indicator in a Chinese Worker Sample
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Yue , Li Feng
Published: November 2016

The Multi-Affect Indicator is a new measure that assesses the core affect at work with 16 items. The current study examined the scale’s psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency and composite reliability, factorial validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity with a Chinese sample of 370 full-time workers. The results demonstrated that Multi-Affect Indicator has high internal consistency and composite reliability and a correlated four-quadrant structure. Furthermore, three of its four subscales show adequate convergent validity. Thus, the Chinese version of the Multi-Affect Indicator behaves consistently with the original and can be used in future studies of core workplace affect in Chinese context.
Indigenous Peoples and the New Extraction: From Territorial Rights to Hydrocarbon Citizenship in the Bolivian Chaco
Authors: Anthias Penelope
Published: November 2016

A growing body of literature examines how the rise of “neo-extractivist” states in Latin America is reconfiguring the relationship between resources, nation, territory, and citizenship. However, the implications for indigenous territorial projects remain underexplored. Ethnographic research in the Bolivian Chaco reveals the ways in which indigenous territorial projects are becoming implicated in and being reimagined amidst the spatializing struggles of a hydrocarbon state. The tension between indigenous peoples’ desire for inclusion in a hydrocarbon-based national development project and their experiences of dispossession by an expanding hydrocarbon frontier has given rise to competing modes of “hydrocarbon citizenship” in the Guaraní territory Itika Guasu, where a vision of corporate-sponsored indigenous autonomy is pitted against new forms of state-funded development patronage. These dynamics challenge resistance narratives and resource-curse theories, revealing how resources act as conduits for deeper postcolonial struggles over territory, sovereignty, and citizenship.

Un creciente cuerpo de literatura examina cómo el surgimiento de los estados “neo-extractivistas” en América Latina está reconfigurando la relación entre los recursos, la nación, el territorio y la ciudadanía. Sin embargo, las implicaciones para los proyectos territoriales indígenas han sido poco exploradas. Investigaciónes etnográficas en el Chaco boliviano revela cómo los pueblos indígenas están repensando sus proyectos territoriales en el contexto de las luchas espaciales de un estado extractivista. Destaco la tensión entre el deseo de los pueblos indígenas para su inclusión en un proyecto de desarrollo nacional basado en los hidrocarburos, y sus experiencias de despojo por la expansión de la frontera hidrocarburífera. Esta tensión ha dado lugar a modos opuestos de “ciudadanía de hidrocarburos” en el territorio Guaraní Itika Guasu, donde una visión de autonomía indígena patrocinada por una empresa petrolera se enfrenta a nuevos proyectos de desarrollo financiados por el estado. Estas dinámicas cuestionan narrativas de resistencia y teorías de “la maldición de los recursos,” revelando que los recursos actúan como conductos para luchas postcoloniales por el territorio, la soberanía y la ciudadanía.
Geographic Variation in Use of Vestibular Testing among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Adams Meredith E. , Marmor Schelomo , Yueh Bevan , Kane Robert L.
Published: November 2016

Objective

There is a lack of consensus regarding the indications for vestibular testing in the evaluation of dizziness and balance disorders. Geographic variation in health services utilization is associated with lack of consensus. To understand the variation in current practice, we investigated the patterns of use of vestibular testing and diagnosis codes for dizziness and balance disorders among individuals ≥65 years of age across different regions of the United States.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional study.

Setting

Medicare administrative claims data.

Subjects and Methods

Using the Summarized Denominator file, a sample of the US population linked to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare files (years 2000‐2010), we identified persons who were ≥65 years of age. We used multivariable analyses to determine the factors associated with vestibular testing and diagnoses.

Results

Of the 231,984 eligible Medicare beneficiaries, 27% were diagnosed with dizziness and balance disorders. Patterns of use of vestibular tests (eye movement recording for spontaneous nystagmus, caloric testing, and rotary chair testing) varied significantly by geographic region. Rotary chair test utilization varied most. We found significant geographic variation in vestibular testing and diagnoses after controlling for age, sex, race, Medicaid participation, and rurality.

Conclusions

There may be opportunities to improve the consistency and efficiency of care for dizziness and balance disorders. It will be important to define appropriate levels of vestibular diagnostic testing and which tests add sufficient value to justify the costs. Further work is needed to better characterize the causes and consequences of variation in vestibular test utilization.
Association between Laryngeal Pepsin Levels and the Presence of Vocal Fold Polyps
Authors: Wang Lu , Tan Jia‐Jie , Wu Ting , Zhang Rui , Wu Jia‐Nuan , Zeng Fang‐Fang , Liu You‐Li , Han Xiao‐Yan , Li Yan‐Fei , Li Xiang‐Ping
Published: November 2016

Objective

To determine whether pepsin, the main component of refluxed gastric contents, is significantly associated with vocal fold polyps and to evaluate the diagnostic value of pepsin in vocal fold polyps’ tissues.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional study.

Setting

Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University.

Subjects and Methods

The study included 32 patients with vocal fold polyps and 16 healthy controls between 2011 and 2012. Reflux symptom index and reflux finding score assessments, 24‐hour combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring, and biopsy of the vocal fold polyp tissues or posterior laryngeal mucosa (healthy controls) for immunohistochemical pepsin staining were performed.

Results

The expression of pepsin was significantly higher in patients with vocal fold polyps than in controls (28/32, 75% vs 5/16, 31.25%; P <. 001). The pepsin levels were significantly positively correlated with upright position pharyngeal acid reflux and esophageal reflux parameters adjusted by age. Based on pepsin staining data, the sensitivity and negative predictive values of 24‐hour pH monitoring, the reflux symptom index, and the reflux finding score were 70% to 84.62%, whereas their specificity and positive predictive values were relatively low (20%‐31.58%).

Conclusion

Pepsin reflux may be a risk factor for vocal fold polyps formation. In addition, pepsin immunohistochemical analysis of polyp biopsy samples appears to be a more sensitive and effective test for diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux than the reflux symptom index, the reflux finding score, and 24‐hour pH monitoring in a clinical setting.
The Effect of Vestibular Rehabilitation in Patients with Ménière’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Esch Babette F. , van der Scheer‐Horst Ellis S. , van der Zaag‐Loonen Hester J. , Bruintjes Tjasse D. , van Benthem Peter Paul G.
Published: November 2016

Objective

To systematically review the evidence on the effect of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with Ménière’s disease (MD) on balance and dizziness‐related quality of life.

Data Sources

A literature search was conducted in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases.

Review Methods

Articles were reviewed by 2 independent authors and data were compiled in tables for analysis regarding balance (ie, posturography) and dizziness‐specific quality of life in patients with MD. A comprehensive search was performed up to November 2015. Studies on relevance and methodological quality were assessed by means of the Cochrane risk of bias tool. For outcome on balance and quality of life, we calculated mean differences and their 95% confidence intervals.

Results

A total of 986 unique studies were retrieved. Five studies, including a total of 498 patients, fulfilled the eligibility criteria, including 2 randomized controlled trials and 3 prospective cohort studies. There was no study with a low risk of bias. We found inconsistent evidence for the effect of vestibular rehabilitation on balance and dizziness‐related quality of life.

Conclusion

Based on the low quality of the selected studies, it is inconclusive whether there is a positive effect of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with MD on balance and dizziness‐related quality of life.
Cerebral glycogen in humans following acute and recurrent hypoglycemia: Implications on a role in hypoglycemia unawareness
Authors: Öz Gülin , DiNuzzo Mauro , Kumar Anjali , Moheet Amir , Khowaja Ameer , Kubisiak Kristine , Eberly Lynn E , Seaquist Elizabeth R
Published: November 2016

Supercompensated brain glycogen levels may contribute to the development of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF) following recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) by providing energy for the brain during subsequent periods of hypoglycemia. To assess the role of glycogen supercompensation in the generation of HAAF, we estimated the level of brain glycogen following RH and acute hypoglycemia (AH). After undergoing 3 hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic and 3 hyperinsulinemic, hypoglycemic clamps (RH) on separate occasions at least 1 month apart, five healthy volunteers received [1-13C]glucose intravenously over 80+ h while maintaining euglycemia. 13C-glycogen levels in the occipital lobe were measured by 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy at ∼8, 20, 32, 44, 56, 68 and 80 h at 4 T and glycogen levels estimated by fitting the data with a biophysical model that takes into account the tiered glycogen structure. Similarly, prior 13C-glycogen data obtained following a single hypoglycemic episode (AH) were fitted with the same model. Glycogen levels did not significantly increase after RH relative to after euglycemia, while they increased by ∼16% after AH relative to after euglycemia. These data suggest that glycogen supercompensation may be blunted with repeated hypoglycemic episodes. A causal relationship between glycogen supercompensation and generation of HAAF remains to be established.
Effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on clinical outcomes for Chinese couples undergoing in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Xue Lin-Tao , Wang Rui-Xue , He Bing , Mo Wei-Ying , Huang Li , Wang Shi-Kai , Mao Xian-Bao , Cheng Jun-Ping , Huang Yue-Yue , Liu RuiZhi
Published: November 2016

Objective

To investigate the effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on the fertilization rate, embryo development and pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in a cohort of Chinese couples.

Methods

Infertile couples that had undergone assisted reproductive technology at our centre between January 2011 and December 2013 were included in this retrospective study. Fractions of prepared sperm samples were evaluated for sperm DNA fragmentation on the day of oocyte recovery.

Results

Of the 550 couples selected, 415 had undergone IVF and 135 ICSI. Sperm DNA fragmentation rate was significantly negatively correlated with the fertilization rate in the ICSI cycles but not the IVF cycles. No association was found between sperm DNA fragmentation and cleavage rate or good quality embryo formation rates in IVF or ICSI cycles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the sperm DNA fragmentation rate was a statistically significant prognostic indicator of the clinical fertilization rate in ICSI cycles; a rate > 22.3% was associated with a lower fertilization rate following ICSI compared with a rate ≤ 22.3%.

Conclusions

High values of sperm DNA fragmentation were associated with a low fertilization rate following ICSI but were not associated with alterations in pregnancy or live birth rates in either ICSI or IVF in this cohort of Chinese couples.
Clinical associations, biological risk factors and outcomes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Gunes Hafize Nalan , Cokal Burcu Gokce , Guler Selda Keskin , Yoldas Tahir Kurtulus , Malkan Umit Yavuz , Demircan Cemile Sencer , Yon Mehmet Ilker , Yoldas Zeynep , Gunes Gursel , Haznedaroglu Ibrahim Celalettin
Published: November 2016

Objective

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare cerebrovascular disease affecting young adults. The majority of the patients are female. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical associations, risk factors and outcomes of the patients with CVST.

Methods

The data of 75 patients with CVST admitted to our hospital between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed. Demographic and clinical features and the thrombophilic risk factors of the patients were recorded. The localizations of the thrombi were determined and modified Rankin score at the time of onset and discharge were calculated.

Results

The majority of our patients (78.7%) were female. Median age was 35 years (16–76). The most common symptom was headache (86.7%). In 82.6% of our patients, inherited or acquired risk factors for thrombosis were detected. Transverse sinus was the most common site of thrombosis followed by sigmoid and superior sagittal sinuses. Two thirds of the patients had involvement of multiple sinuses. The patients with the involvement of sagittal sinus had better disability at the time of admittance ( p = 0.013) while the number of involved sinuses was correlated worse disability ( p = 0.015). The neurologic states in the majority of the patients were improved by the end of the hospitalization period ( p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in disability score at discharge between men and women ( p = 0.080). No patient with CVST died in the hospitalization period.

Conclusions

This study is one of the largest cohort studies on CVST in our region. The results of the study disclosed that CVST had wide range of clinical manifestations and non-specific symptoms at the beginning. For that reason, in especially high risk groups for thrombosis, the diagnosis of CVST should be kept in mind.
Stories of Victimization: Self-Positioning and Construction of Gender in Narratives of Abused Women
Authors: Jarnkvist Karin , Brännström Lotta
Published: November 2016

The objective of this article is to analyze how women who have been victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) position themselves in relation to the image of the “ideal victim” and how gender is constructed in that positioning. There is a need for a gender analysis framework to understand how various forms of femininity are constructed and how narratives linked to this can either maintain a woman in an abusive relationship or encourage her to leave. Christie’s theory of the “ideal victim” and Connell’s gender theory are applied in this study, in which the narratives of 14 female IPV victims in Sweden are analyzed using a narrative method. Three strings of narratives, representing different forms of femininity, are revealed in the material. The master narrative of the ideal victim reveals a form of femininity that describes women as inferior in relation to men. In the alternative narrative, the narrator positions herself as inferior in relation to the offender but discusses resistance. She describes herself as a caring mother who risks a great deal to protect her children. In the counter-narrative, the narrator positions herself as strong and independent in relation to the offender and as a strong and caring mother. The positioning of different narrators may shift depending on the duration of the relationship and the type of violence. The narrator may also take different positions during different phases of the story. However, the dominant narrative among the narrators is the story of the caring mother, which may have several functions and can partially be understood as a sign of the strong discourse of motherhood in society. The study contributes to a more profound understanding of the complexity related to women’s own positioning and reveals that awareness is required when attempting to understand the narratives and behavior of abused women.
Multicomponent Palliative Care Interventions in Advanced Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Phongtankuel Veerawat , Meador Lauren , Adelman Ronald D. , Roberts Jordan , Henderson Charles R. , Mehta Sonal S. , del Carmen Tessa , Reid M.C.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Many patients live with serious chronic or terminal illnesses. Multicomponent palliative care interventions have been increasingly utilized in patient care; however, it is unclear what is being implemented and who is delivering these interventions.

Objectives:

To (1) describe the delivery of multicomponent palliative care interventions, (2) characterize the disciplines delivering care, (3) identify the components being implemented, and (4) analyze whether the number of disciplines or components being implemented are associated with positive outcomes.

Design:

Systematic review.

Study Selection:

English-language articles analyzing multicomponent palliative care interventions.

Outcomes Measured:

Delivery of palliative interventions by discipline, components of palliative care implemented, and number of positive outcomes (eg, pain, quality of life).

Results:

Our search strategy yielded 71 articles, which detailed 64 unique multicomponent palliative care interventions. Nurses (n = 64, 88%) were most often involved in delivering care, followed by physicians (n = 43, 67%), social workers (n = 33, 52%), and chaplains (n = 19, 30%). The most common palliative care components patients received were symptom management (n = 56, 88%), psychological support/counseling (n = 52, 81%), and disease education (n = 48, 75%). Statistical analysis did not uncover an association between number of disciplines or components and positive outcomes.

Conclusions:

While there has been growth in multicomponent palliative care interventions over the past 3 decades, important aspects require additional study such as better inclusion of key groups (eg, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, end-stage renal disease, minorities, older adults); incorporating core components of palliative care (eg, interdisciplinary team, integrating caregivers, providing spiritual support); and developing ways to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that can be readily replicated and disseminated.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Doripenem in Obese, Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Chung Eun Kyoung , Fleming Megan R. , Cheatham S. Christian , Kays Michael B.
Published: November 2016

Background: Doripenem population pharmacokinetics and dosing recommendations are limited in obesity. Objective: To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of doripenem in obese patients. Methods: Hospitalized adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2 or total body weight (TBW) ≥45.5 kg over their ideal body weight received doripenem 500 mg every 8 hours, infused over 1 hour. Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed using NONMEM, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed for 5 intermittent and prolonged infusion dosing regimens to calculate probability of target attainment (PTA) at 40% and 100% fT>MIC (free drug concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration). Results: A total of 20 patients were studied: 10 in an intensive care unit (ICU) and 10 in a non-ICU. A 2-compartment model with first-order elimination best described the serum concentration-time data. Doripenem clearance (CL) was significantly associated with creatinine CL (CRCL), volume of the central compartment with TBW and ICU residence, and volume of the peripheral compartment with TBW ( P < 0.05). Using 40% fT>MIC, PTA was >90% for all simulated dosing regimens at MICs ≤2 mg/L. Using 100% fT>MIC, prolonged infusions of 1 g every 6 hours and 2 g every 8 hours achieved >90% PTA at MICs ≤2 mg/L. Conclusions: CRCL, ICU residence, and TBW are significantly associated with doripenem pharmacokinetics. Currently approved dosing regimens provide adequate pharmacodynamic exposures at 40% fT>MIC for susceptible bacteria in obese patients. However, prolonged infusions of larger doses are needed if a higher pharmacodynamic target is desired.