bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method for calculation of radiative heat transfer in beds of spherical particles
Authors: Malinouski A. I.
Published: January 2020

A new technique for implementing external (particle-to-wall) and particle-to-particle radiative heat transfer in discrete elements method (DEM) simulations is proposed. It is based on the idea that an expected view factor value depends on relevant local bed parameters (distance between particles, particle radius ratio, and local bed porosity). Calculation of average view factors via the formula requires considerably less computational effort than direct in situ integration, when this happens a reasonable average value and an overall accuracy comparable to direct calculation are provided. Both mono- and polydisperse mixtures of spherical opaque particles were considered. It was shown that using nondimensional parameters, a simple general dependence for an external radiative heat flux may be introduced. Exponential and linear fits were proposed for estimating the particle-particle radiative heat flux. The generalization of the obtained formulas for various bed porosities is proposed. The distribution of cumulative transferred heat flux across the particles up to a certain distance was found, and the recommendations regarding the choice of that parameter to achieve a desired accuracy were formulated. Also, the method to account for the particle emissivity was proposed on the basis of the empirical dependence between emissivity and radiative heat flux in porous materials. The proposed method satisfies all the requirements to become a standard implementation of radiative heat transfer calculation in DEM.
Effective approach to a synthesis of fluorine-containing 4-acylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzisoxazoles
Authors: Khlebnicova T. S. , Piven Yu. A. , Gerus I. I. , Sorochinsky A. E. , Lakhvich F. A.
Published: January 2020

On the example of synthesis of 4-acetylamino-3-fluoroalkyl(aryl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazoles, the effective approach to a synthesis of novel 4-acylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazoles is proposed. 3-Fluoroalkyl(aryl)- 6,7-dihydro-1,2-benzisoxazol-4-ones were reduced by a sodium borohydride in isopropanol to obtain 3-fluoroalkyl(aryl)- 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,2-benzisoxazol-4-ols that in the conditions of the Ritter reaction (acetonitrile, acetic acid, sulfuric acid) gave target 4-acylamino derivatives with 80–94 % yields.
Study of the Myb-factor polymorphism based on comparative genomics of vegetable Solanaceae crops (tomato, pepper, eggplant) to search for DNA markers that differentiate samples by the anthocyans accumulation
Authors: Babak O. G. , Nekrashevich N. A. , Nikitinskaya T. V. , Yatsevich K. K. , Kilchevsky A. V.
Published: January 2020

Anthocyanins are high-value plant antioxidants; they also determine biotic and abiotic stress resistance. The aim of our research was to study the allelic polymorphism of Antocyanin 1 orthologs in the vegetable Solanaceae crops of C. annuum and S. melongena. The search revealed the following closest genes in C. annuum: Myb113-like1 TF and Myb113like2 transcription factors and Myb1 in S. melongena. Exon amplicons of those genes were obtained and then sequenced in the pepper and eggplant samples with contrasting anthocyanin fruit coloration. Primers to the identified polymorphisms were developed and their correlation with the anthocyanin accumulation in fruits was studied. A close correlation was found between a minimum accumulation or the complete absence of anthocyanin synthesis in fruits with a single nucleotide deletion (Myb113-like1), and in the pepper samples, 2 SNP (Myb113-like2) was detected using the CAPS marker Myb 113-AccI. In the eggplant samples, the deletions of 6 and 26 bp were detected using the SCAR marker MybMel and the CAPS marker MybmelPst1. The disturbance of anthocyanin synthesis in pepper forms with 1Indel in Myb113-like1 TF was determined by a shift in the reading frame and SNPs in Myb113-like2 TF lead to amino acid substitutions: Lys → Arg and Thr → Lys. In the eggplant, a deletion of 6 bp leads to the loss of ala and arg in the protein; a deletion of 26 bp causes disorder during the mRNA maturation. The developed markers allow identifying the Myb-like TF alleles under study, resulting in anthocyanin synthesis disturbance in fruits. C. annuum and S. melongena samples with different alleles were selected for a further study and new varieties in agriculture.
Interaction between reactive oxygen species and gallocyanine under neutrophil activation
Authors: Lutsenko V. E. , Grigorieva D. V. , Gorudko I. V. , Sokolov A. V. , Panasenko O. M. , Cherenkevich S. N.
Published: January 2020

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a crucial role in human physiological and pathophysiological processes. Prolonged exposure to high ROS concentrations may lead to cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, etc. diseases. In this study, gallocyanine has been proposed to register the ROS production. The gallocyanine spectral properties changes under ROS (•О2ˉ, H2O2) and reactive halogen (HOCl) species are analyzed. It is shown that the dye is oxidized in solution, both under the action of ROS and reactive halogen species. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to suggest that superoxide anion radicals make a major contribution to chemical conversion of the dye in suspensions of activated neutrophils. It is that gallocyanine can be used to assess the functional activity of neutrophils, namely, the NADPH-oxidase, as well as to design and test novel therapeutic agents for diseases associated with developing oxidative stress.
formation сonditions of the rocks from the Rusinovsky complex of the crystalline basement of Belarus
Authors: Hurynovich M. P.
Published: January 2020

Based on the petrological and geochemical data, the formation conditions of the ultrabasic-basic rocks of the Rusinovsky complex of the crystalline basement of Belarus are determined. It is shown that the rocks of the Rusinovsky complex are divided into two petrochemical series: magnesian and titanium-ferruginous. The peculiarities of the rare-element rock composition indicate the melting and processing of the original composition of magma, and its crust contamination. According to the formation conditions of the rock, the complex is close to island-arc formations.
Cast cathodes and targets of Al–Cr–Nb–Si system for deposition of hardening nitride coatings
Authors: Volochko A. T. , Markov G. V. , Melnik N. Yu.
Published: January 2020

The article describes a method for determining eutectic compositions of 3- and 4-component systems for obtaining cathodes and targets by casting. The eutectic compositions of the alloys in the ternary systems Al–Nb–Si, Cr–Nb–Si and the 4-component system Al–Cr–Nb–Si are calculated. The cathode of the eutectic composition (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.%. was obtained by casting in a vacuum-induction furnace. The microstructure of the cathode material is investigated. Phase and elemental analysis are performed. The melting point of the alloy is determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and is 570 °C. The results of the research of hardening nitride coatings obtained by vacuum arc deposition in a nitrogen atmosphere are presented. The developed alloy of the Al–Cr–Nb–Si system of eutectic composition, namely (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.% is used as a cathode. The dependence of the microhardness of the coatings on the pressure of nitrogen is determined. The microhardness of the coatings obtained at nitrogen pressure of 7 · 10–2 Pa reached 30 GPa. The phase composition of the coatings is investigated. All samples contain AlN, NbN, Si3N4 phases. The coefficient of friction of these coatings is 0.75–0.8. Cast cathode (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.% can be an alternative to replace the currently used powder and composite cathodes.
Influence of modifying coatings on dielectric permittivity of ceramic materials with composite coatings
Authors: Azarau S. M.
Published: January 2020

The results of research of features of modification of aluminosilicate ceramics by suspension of fluoroplastic, aluminophosphate binder (AFS), non-aqueous compositions of polyurethane components, are presented. Samples of aluminosilicate ceramics for research were obtained by technological methods, including batch preparation operations, sample pressing, pre-annealing and sintering at a temperature of 1200–1350 °C. Polydisperse powders of aluminosilicates obtained by grinding waste of porcelain production (porcelain ware, GOST 28390-89); low-melting clay raw materials were selected as initial components. Modification of surface of aluminosilicate materials was carried out by impregnation of aqueous compositions based on a suspension of fluoroplastic and aluminophosphate binder (AFS), non-aqueous compositions of polyurethane components used in the preparation of polyurethane foam and 5 % solution of polyethylene hydrosiloxane in toluene with the formation of composite coatings on the surface of ceramic materials. It is shown that the application of organic film coatings (based on polyurethane, aluminophosphate binder and a suspension of fluoroplastic-4D, polyethylene hydrosiloxane) leads to formation of a multilayer dielectric material in which there are interface surfaces separating areas with different dielectric properties. In the presence of an external electric field, conditions are created for migration polarization between the crystalline phase of the substrate and the amorphous phase of the coating, due to the redistribution of free charges in the volume of the composite. Moreover, the chemical interaction of AFS with ceramics leads to the smoothing of the surface relief of the aluminosilicate base and the overgrowth of deep pores. Composite “aluminosilicate – AFS-fluoroplastic coating” differs from other materials, primarily in that aluminophosphate binder coating chemically reacts with the ceramic base. The impurity ions introduced during coating application, its composite structure, as well as the heterogeneity of the interface determine the pronounced frequency dependence ε and tgδ, as well as large dielectric losses of the composite in comparison with the original aluminosilicate material.
Accounting of the vver-1200 overload influence for fission products activities calculating
Authors: Petrovski A. M. , Korbut T. N. , Rudak E. A. , Kravchenko M. O.
Published: January 2020

Current work is aimed at the analysis of the fission products decay influence during fuel reloading, when calculating the accumulated fission products activity for the VVER-1200 reactor fuel campaign. The Bateman problem solution based technique was used for calculations, within the framework of the two fissile nuclides approximation. The fission products producing process for the VVER-1200 reactor stationary campaign is considered, taking into account the reactor shutdown periods for refueling and without taking them into account (instant reload approximation). It was shown, that the instant reload approximation for fission products activity calculations gives the similar accurate result, as calculations with taking into account the shutdown periods. The results can be used to significantly simplify the calculations of fission product activity accumulation in nuclear power reactors.
KARAKTERISTIK BIOLOGI DAN LAJU EKSPLOITASI IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI PERAIRAN UTARA JAWA
Authors: Khatami Aulia Maghfirotul , Yonvitner  , Setyobudiandi Isdrajad
Published: January 2020

Aktivitas perikanan di perairan utara Jawa didominasi perikanan pelagis kecil yang memegang peranan penting dalam pembangunan perikanan di Indonesia. Meskipun secara nasional potensi ikan pelagis kecil belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, namun di beberapa wilayah perairan tingkat pemanfaatannya telah melampaui potensi lestari. Laju eksploitasi menjadi parameter kunci dalam menggambarkan tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di suatu perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biologi dan laju eksploitasi pada beberapa jenis ikan yang menjadi hasil tangkapan utama pada perikanan pelagis di perairan utara Jawa. Sebanyak enam jenis ikan pelagis kecil (ikan selar bentong, japuh, kembung perempuan, selar kuning, selar komo, dan tembang) yang tertangkap di perairan utara Jawa telah mengalami over eksploitasi. Secara umum, karakteristik biologi masing-masing ikan telah menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ikan pelagis kecil yang tertangkap belum mencapai ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Selain itu, ikan kembung, selar, dan tembang dikategorikan berpotensi resiko tinggi terhadap penangkapan, diduga dari parameter ukuran ikan dan jumlah alat tangkap yang dioperasikan.
IDENTIFIKASI MIKROALGA LAUT DARI TAMBRAUW, PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Purbani Debora Christin , Ambarwati Wiwik , Kusuma Aradea Bujana , Herliany Nurlaila Ervina
Published: January 2020

Tambrauw merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Papua Barat, dikenal sebagai daerah mega-biodiversitas, termasuk mikroalga laut yang memiliki peran penting dalam sistem rantai makanan di perairan. Namun di sisi lain keanekaragaman mikroalga laut di daerah ini masih belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi mikroalga laut dari Tambrauw berdasarkan pendekatan morfologi dan molekular. Mikroalga laut diisolasi dari sumber alami di Tambrauw, dimurnikan dan dikultur di bawah kondisi standar. Empat belas kultur mikroalga laut dipilih berdasarkan pertumbuhan, keragaman morfologi dan homogenitas. Karakteristik morfologi diamati dalam kondisi kultur menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dan hubungan filogenetik dari masing-masing strain didefinisikan sesuai dengan analisis sekuen 18S rRNA pada kelompok mikroalga eukariot dan 16S rRNA pada kelompok mikroalga prokariot. Sekuen yang dihasilkan dibandingkan dengan database yang tersedia di situs web NCBI melalui alat bioinformatika BLAST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan similaritas yang tinggi dengan identitas urutan nukleotida yang dikenal, sebagai Monoraphidium neglectum (99%), Chlorella sorokiniana (99%), Oocystis heteromucosa (99%), Ettlia texensis (99%), Dilabifilum arthopyreniae (98%), Auxenochlorella protothecoides (99%), Trichosarcina polymorpha (98%), Scenedesmus vacuolatus (99%), Chlorella kessleri (99%), Coelastrella oocystiformis (99%), dan Foliisarcina bertiogensis (99%). Studi ini menjadi informasi dasar dalam mengungkap pola keanekaragaman mikroalga, yang sangat penting untuk mendapatkan sumber daya baru genetik untuk kepentingan industri serta studi taksonomi.
Evaluasi Motor Listrik Sebagai Penggerak Mobil Listrik
Authors: Aditya Angga Wahyu , Ihsan Ihsan , Utomo Restu Mukti , Hilmansyah Hilmansyah
Published: January 2020

Pengembangan konsep kendaraan Low-Cost Green Car (LCGC) dan zero emission menjadi fokus penelitian pada beberapa negara. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi cadangan bahan bakar minyak yang terus menurun dan bahaya pencemaran lingkungan. Motor listrik merupakan satu – satunya penggerak utama yang dapat diaplikasikan pada mobil listrik yang mengusung kedua konsep tersebut. Pada generasi awal pengembangan mobil listrik, motor DC menjadi solusi yang paling sesuai dikarenakan kemudahan pengoperasiannya dan pengaturan kecepatannya. Setelah teknologi kontrol vektor untuk motor induksi ditemukan dan dikembangkan, motor induksi mulai dipakai oleh beberapa pabrikan mobil listrik. Pada kontrol vektor, fluks dan torsi pada motor induksi dapat dikendalikan secara terpisah sehingga pengaturan motor induksi menyerupai motor DC. PMSM merupakan satu – satunya jenis motor listrik yang mampu menyamai motor induksi sebagai penggerak mobil listrik. Namun, PMSM memiliki kekurangan yang sangat vital yaitu mudah mengalami kerusakan magnetisasi akibat panas atau reaksi armature, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengaplikasikan PMSM pada mobi listrik. Motor listrik jenis SRM banyak digunakan pada mobil hybrid yang memadukan penggunaan mesin berbahan bakar minyak dengan motor listrik. SRM memiliki banyak kekurangan apabila diaplikasikan pada mobil listrik berskala kecil namun sangat sesuai untuk diaplikasikan pada mobil listrik berskala besar seperti bis.
Diversity of chromosomal composition in top onion (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd.) accessions from the VIR in vitro collection
Authors: Pendinen G. I. , Chernov V. E.
Published: January 2020

Background. Top onion, Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd., 1809 (2n=2x=16), is a species that is characterized by vegetative propagation by air or underground bulbs only. Accessions of this species have been shown to be hybrids of Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum (Fiskesjo, 1975; Vosa, 1976; Schubert et al., 1983; Puizina and Papes, 1999). Accessions of Allium × proliferum were obtained from various sources and conserved in the in vitro collection of VIR. However, their pedigree was unknown, therefore there was a need to determine the ploidy level and genomic composition of these accessions.

Materials and Methods. Thirteen Allium × proliferum accessions from the VIR in vitro collection were studied. To characterize the ploidy level and genomic composition of the accessions, the research employed FISH with chromosome-specific markers (5S and 18S/25S rDNA) and GISH with differentially labeled DNA of the putative parent species, i.e., A. cepa and A. fistulosum.

Results. According to GISH, all the studied accessions were hybrids of A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Most (10 out of 13) accessions were determined as diploid hybrids with eight A. cepa and eight A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3206 turned out to be a diploid 16-chromosome hybrid with eight A. cepa, seven A. fistulosum chromosomes and one rearranged chromosome. Accessions К 3205 and К 3202 were found to be polyploids. The A. × proliferum accession К 3202 contained seven A. cepa and 16 A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3205 is characterized by the presence of 16 chromosomes hybridizing with A. cepa DNA and 13 chromosomes hybridizing with A. fistulosum DNA. Only one chromosome of A. fistulosum in this accession was revealed to have a 5s rDNA locus.

Conclusions. The above shows that the collection contains top onion accessions with karyotypic differences.
Islamic Colleges in Central Sumatra in the 1930s-1950s: The Beginning Efforts of Bringing between the Islamic Science and the Western Science at Local Level
Authors: Arsa Dedi
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the discourse of Islamic Colleges in Indonesia and its realization at the local level with the establishment of Islamic Colleges in Central Sumatra, throughout the late 1930s to the 1950s.During that period, the initial discourse on Islamic Colleges in the national level went on sardonically, especially over bridging the Islamic sciences and general sciences (Western); the lingua francareferred to (Malay, Arabic, Dutch, or English); who should engender the Islamic Colleges; and who should manage them. This discourse at the national level involved prominent scholars like Satiman and Natsir, then Hatta in the following period. Their ideas were then realized in the form of the establishment of Colleges at the local level (regional), one of which was in Central Sumatra, during that period, there had been two Islamic Colleges: Sekolah Islam Tinggi (SIT) P.G.A.I in Padang in the late of colonial period and Darul Hikmah University (UDH) in Bukittinggi at the beginning of independence. Even though both of them were short-lived, they had become a prototype for Islamic Colleges in the following period as an effort to reconcile Islamic sciences and Western sciences, which is now popular as a science integration movement.

Artikel ini membahas diskursus sekolah tinggi Islam di Indonesia dan realisasinya di tingkal lokal dengan didirikannya sekolah-sekolah tinggi Islam di Sumatra Tengah sepanjang 1930an akhir hingga 1950an. Selama kurun itu, diskursus awal tentang pendidikan tinggi Islam di nasional berlangsung sengit, terutama bersoal menjembatani ilmu-ilmu keislaman dan umum (kebaratan); bahasa pengantar yang diacu (Melayu, Arab, Belanda, atau Inggris); siapa yang harus melahirkan sekolah tinggi Islam; dan siapa pula yang harus mengelolanya. Diskursus ini di tingkat nasional melibatkan para cendikiawan terkemuka serupa Satiman dan Natsir, lalu Hatta dan lain-lain di masa setelahnya. Gagasan-gagasan mereka kemudian direalisasikan dalam bentuk pendirian-pendirian perguruan tinggi di tingkat lokal (daerah), salah satunya di Sumatra Tengah, di mana selama kurun itu telah berdiri berturut-turut dua sekolah tinggi Islam:  Sekolah Islam Tinggi (SIT) P.G.A.I di Padang pada masa akhir kolonial dan Universitas Darul Hikmah (UDH) di Bukittinggi pada awal kemerdekaan. Sekalipun keduanya berumur singkat, tetapi telah menjadi role models bagi sekolah tinggi Islam yang ada di periode setelahnya sebagai upaya yang sama untuk mendamaikan antara ilmu-ilmu keislaman dan kebaratan, yang sekarang populer sebagai gerakan integrasi ilmu.
The Role of Prophet Muhammad on Women Emancipation in Mecca Period
Authors: Munjin Shidqy , Kamaludin Ihsan
Published: January 2020

Islam as one of the religions in the world has several types of social interaction. The way of interaction is called silaturahmi, one of the most pivotal topics in it is communication among Moslem start from Prophet Muhammad spread the Islamic values including in terms of social treatment to others. This article focuses on Prophet Muhammad endeavor for women’s emancipation, the struggle begins with the Mecca period until he died. The studying aim is to find out in-depth the prophet Muhammad method and the impact of a social system in there. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research expected to be able to reveal qualitative information with description-analysis using the strategy used in this research is a case study. The result indicates the guidance and awareness of women emancipation through the prophet Muhammad strategies pose a huge impact on belief in improving women position in society using the thoughts of feelings and actions in accordance with the teachings of religion in the context of Islam the teachings of revealed Book “ the Quran and the Sunnah”.

Islam sebagai salah satu agama yang memiliki beberapa tipe interaksi sosial. Cara interaksi tersebut dikenal dengan istilah silaturahmi, salah satu topik paling utama di dalam komunikasi antara muslim dimulai semenjak Nabi Muhammad menyebarkan nilai keislaman termasuk dalam hal perlakuan sosial kepada orang lain. Artikel ini fokus kepada upaya Nabi Muhammad dalam emansipasi perempuan, usaha tersebut dimulai pada periode Mekah hingga ia meninggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami metode Nabi Muhammad dan dampaknya terhadap sistem sosial pada masa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif yang diharapkan mampu untuk mengungkap informasi kualitatif dengan analisa deskriptif menggunakan cara studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bimbingan dan kepedulian terhadap emansipasi perempuan melalui strategi Nabi Muhammad memberikan dampak yang signifikan dalam peningkatan posisi perempuan di dalam masyarakat menggunakan pemikiran dan tindakan yang sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam yaitu “Al-Quran dan Sunnah”.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOMUNIKASI ORANG TUA-ANAK DAN REGULASI DIRI DENGAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA BOARDING SCHOOL SMP IT AL HUDA WONOGIRI
Authors: Sholihah Baqiyyatush , Hardjono Hardjono , Supratiwi Mahardika
Published: January 2020

Boarding school merupakan sistem yang dikenal sebagai tempat pembentukan karakter disiplin dan kemandirian siswa. Kedisiplinan merupakan perilaku secara sadar dan bersungguh-sungguh untuk menaati peraturan sesuai norma yang berlaku. Permasalahan kedisiplinan di Boarding School antara lain yaitu, berkelahi, merokok, pacaran, keluar kompleks tidak izin, dan membawa alat elektronik.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua-anak dan regulasi diri dengan kedisiplinan pada siswa boarding school SMP IT Al Huda Wonogiri. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif korelasional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 186 siswa yang dipilih melalui proporsionate stratified random sampling. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan tiga skala, yaitu skala kedisiplinan dengan (r = 0,912), skala komunikasi orang tua-anak dengan (r = 0,922), dan skala regulasi diri dengan (r = 0,834).  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua-anak dan regulasi diri dengan kedisiplinan pada siswa boarding school SMP IT Al Huda Wonogiri (Fhitung > Ftabel (26,261 > 3,045); p = 0,00; dan nilai R = 0, 472). Secara parsial terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komunikasi orang tua-anak dengan kedisiplinan (rx1y = 0,316; p = 0,000 < 0,05), dan regulasi diri juga berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kedisiplinan (rx2y = 0,151; p = 0,040 < 0,05).
Effects of cellular prion protein on rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced spatial memory impairment
Authors: Hu Li , Li Peng , You Zhendong , Zhang Zhaohuan , Jin Hongyang , Huang Liuqing
Published: January 2020

The effects of cellular prion protein on rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced spatial memory impairment were investigated, and the related mechanisms explored. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: environment control, sleep deprivation control, sleep-deprived-plasmid adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein group, and sleep-deprived-plasmid adeno-associated virus-cellular prion protein-green fluorescent protein group. Overexpression of cellular prion protein was induced by stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated viral plasmids-CAG-enhanced green fluorescent protein-cellular prion protein-Flag (a small label, which can be detected with corresponding tagged antibodies) into the hippocampus. Sleep-deprived mice were allowed no rapid eye movement sleep for 72 hours. Morris water maze was used to assess the effects of cellular prion protein on spatial learning and memory. The expression of amyloid-β was also investigated in all groups. The sleep-deprived- plasmid adeno-associated virus- cellular prion protein-green fluorescent protein group spent significantly more time in a goal quadrant compared with the sleep-deprived- plasmid adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein group. Sleep deprivation resulted in increased amyloid-β in the hippocampus, which was reversed by the overexpression of hippocampus cellular prion protein. Overexpression of cellular prion protein in the hippocampus rescues rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced spatial memory impairment in mice. It is shown that amyloid-β in the hippocampus might be one of the mechanisms.
Purkinje cells of vestibulocerebellum play an important role in acute vestibular migraine
Authors: Li Peng , Gu Huanhuan , Xu Jin , Zhang Zhaohuan , Li Fei , Feng Meiyan , Tian Qing , Shang Chenyong , Zhuang Jianhua
Published: January 2020

Both the central and peripheral vestibular systems contribute to the pathogenesis of vestibular migraine, although the mechanism of vestibular migraine remains unclear. To assess central and peripheral vestibular system damage in vestibular migraine and explore the underlying mechanism we performed vestibular function tests, including a caloric test, spontaneous, gaze-evoked nystagmus and saccadic, pursuit and optokinetic eye movements to evaluate the involvement of the central and/or peripheral vestibular system in subjects with acute vestibular migraine episodes. It was found that both peripheral and central vestibular systems were damaged in vestibular migraine patients with the number of subjects with central deficits significantly larger than those with peripheral deficits. The cerebellum, especially the vestibule cerebellum, is the most important part of the central vestibular system. Locculus and paraflocculus are essential structures of cerebellar circuitry controlling vestibular nuclei and oculomotor functions and are anatomically linked with the "migraine pathway". Purkinje cells are the only source of cerebellar output and it innervates inhibitory action. Therefore, we examined the effect of the electric stimulation on paraflocculus Purkinje cells by using a specific electrical stimulation of trigeminal ganglia to induce a migraine-like phenomenon in animal part. Moreover, electrophysiological recordings showed that parafloccular Purkinje cells of rats underwent electrical stimulation of trigeminal ganglia resulted in partial inhibition. It is suggested that Purkinje cells in the paraflocculus could be inhibited after the occurrence of migraine episode and this inhibition may be an important factor leading to vestibular migraine.
Long noncoding RNA-regulator of reprogramming alleviates hypoxia-induced cerebral injury in mice model and human via modulating apoptosis complexes
Authors: Zhou Qiong , An Yangfang , Tang Yonghong
Published: January 2020

Ischemic stroke causes cerebral hypoxia, while long non-coding RNA regulator of reprogramming is associated with hypoxia. To find a new intervention target to protect hypoxic cerebral tissue and a potential biomarker from reflecting the severity of hypoxia after ischemic stroke, our research explored the expression pattern and function of the regulator of reprogramming in cerebral hypoxia-induced injury. The expression pattern and the function of the regulator of reprogramming were explored in mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion, and human brain microvascular endothelial cells underwent oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment. A case-control study, including 223 ischemic stroke patients and 155 controls were also conducted to investigate its correlation with ischemic stroke clinical characteristics. Results showed that the regulator of reprogramming increased significantly in middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice (P < 0.05), and its level remained stable within 2 to 48 h after the implement of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Oxygen-glucose deprivation up-regulated the expression of regulator of reprogramming, and regulator of reprogramming promoted ASK-1/STRAP/14-3-3 complex formation to inhibit the activation of TNF-α/ASK-1-mediated apoptosis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells, while small interfering ribonucleic acid (RNA) targeting regulator of reprogramming amplified these effects. Regulator of reprogramming increased and maintained stable within 3 to 48 h of ischemic stroke onset in patients, and was negatively associated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (r = -0.708, P < 0.001), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) (r = -0.683, P < 0.001) level, infarct volume (r = -0.579, P < 0.001), and modified Rankin scale (mRS) (r = -0.728, P < 0.001). These results indicate that the regulator of reprogramming can alleviate cerebral hypoxia-induced injury by suppressing TNFα-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.
PHYSICAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK CARAMEL CANDY WITH DURIAN FRUIT (Durio zibethinus Murr) AND GERGA CITRUS (Citrus sp) JUICE
Authors: Sulistyowati Endang , Mujiharjo Sigit , Irnad Irnad , Susanti Agria , Phatonah Siti
Published: January 2020

This research aims to analyze the characteristics of milk caramel candy products  including physical and organoleptic properties after the addition of durian and gerga orange fruit. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications namely P0: control, P1: 3% durian, P2: 6% durian, P3: 9% durian and G0: control, G1: 10% gerga orange fruit juice, G2 : 15% gerga orange fruit juice, G3: 20% gerga orange fruit juice. Variables measured included yield, density and organoleptic characteristics including color, aroma, taste, texture and tenderness. Organoleptic test showed that addition of durian fruit meat  affect the texture and tenderness which showed significant differences (P <0.05); but had no  significant effect (P> 0.05) on color, aroma, and taste.  Addition of gerga orange fruit juice also had no significant difference (P> 0.05) organoleptic characteristic being tested. Based on preference, addition of durian fruit meat had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on the yield but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on density. The addition of gerga orange fruit juice showed no significant effect (P> 0.05) on yield but gave a very significant effect (P <0.01) on density. Addition of durian fruit meat increased organoleptic characteristic; but addition of gerga orange fruit juice bring down the assessment of organoleptic tests on color, aroma, taste, texture and tenderness. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik produk permen karamel susu meliputi sifat fisik dan organoleptik setelah adanya penambahan durian dan jeruk gerga. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan yaitu P0: kontrol, P1: 3% durian, P2: 6% durian, P3: 9% durian dan P0: kontrol, P1: 10% sari jeruk gerga, P2: 15% sari jeruk gerga, P3: 20% sari jeruk gerga. Variabel yang diukur yaitu sifat fisik (rendemen dan kerapatan) dan sifat organoleptik yang meliputi warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur dan keempukan. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan daging buah durian mempengaruhi tekstur dan keempukan dengan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) ; namun berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap warna, aroma, rasa. Penambahan sari jeruk gerga juga berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap sifat  organoleptik permen caramel susu. Berdasarkan modus kesukaan,  penambahan daging buah durian berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap rendemen tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kerapatan. Penambahan sari jeruk gerga berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap rendemen tetapi memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kerapatan. Penambahan daging buah durian meningkatkan sifat-sifat organoleptik yang diamati, dan penambahan sari jeruk gerga menurunkan penilaian organoleptik warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur dan keempukan.
KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PELAKSANAAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Sirait Ruminta
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang : Keperawatan adalah kegiatan pemberian asuhan kepada individu, keluarga, kelompok, atau masyarakat, baik dalam keadaan sakit maupun sehat.Perawat adalah seseorang yang telah lulus pendidikan tinggi Keperawatan, baik di dalam maupun diluar negeri yang diakui oleh Pemerintah sesuai dengan ketentuan Peraturan Perundang-undangan.Beban kerja adalah sejumlah target pekerjaan atau hasil yang harus dicapai dalam suatu satuan waktu (Kep. Menpan no.75/2004)Beban kerja perawat adalah seluruh kegiatan atau aktifitas yang dilakukan oleh seorang perawat selama bertugas disuatu unit pelayanan keperawatan (Marquis dan Houston (2010)69Tujuan: Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kompetensi seorang perawat dalam melaksakan asuhan keperawatan dapat memotivasi beban kerja perawat dalam memberikan pelayanan keperawatan dengan mengaplikasukan dalam 5 (lima) proses keperawatan yaitu pengkajian, penegakan diagnosa keperawatan, perencanaan, implementasi dan evaluasi. 39Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif eksploratif dengan desain cross sectional study dimana peneliti melakukan pengukuran variabel sesaat. Artinya subjek diteliti satu kali saja dan pengukuran variabel dilakukan pada saat pemeriksaan atau pengkajian data Hasil: Jika perawat dapat menunjukkan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan yang baik dalam bekerja, maka perawat akan mudah dalam melakukan pengkajian pasien, akan mudah dalam melakukan diagnosis, serta dapat dengan baik merencanakan, mengimplementasikan dan mengevaluasi setiap tugas dan fungsinya sebagai perawat dengan baik. Pembahasan: kompetensi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja pelaksanaan asuhan rawat inap, Beban kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja pelaksanaan asuhan rawat inap. Beban fisik pada perawat dapat ditunjukkan dengan kelelahan yang berlebih dalam bekerja.30Penutup: Kesimpulan dari kajian ilmiah ini adalah Kompetensi dan beban kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pelaksanaan asuhan Rawat inap,
PENINGKATAN MUTU PELAYANAN MELALUI PERAN PERAWAT PADA KESEHATAN KELUARGA
Authors: Sirait Ruminta
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang : Perawat adalah seorang yang telah lulus pendidikan tinggi keperawatan, baik didalam maupun diluar negeri yang diakui oleh pemerintah sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan.Keluarga adalah dua orang atau lebih dari dua individu yang tergabung karena hubungan darah, hubungan perkawinan atau pengangkatan dan mereka hidup dalam satu rumah tangga, berinteraksi satu sama lain dan didalam perannya masing-masing menciptakan serta mempertahankan kebudayaan (Salvicion G Balion dan Aracelis Maglaya, 1989). Peran Perawat keluarga (Friedman,1998), meliputi : Pendidik , Koordinator, Pelaksana, Pengawas Kesehatan, Konsultan (penasehat), Kolaborasi , Fasilitator, Penemu Kasus, Modifikasi Lingkungan.Tujuan: Meningkatkan kemampuan keluarga dalam mengidentifikasi masalah kesehatan, dalam pengambilan keputusan yang tepat, memberikan askep terhada panggota keluarga yang sakit serta meningkatkan produktifitas keluarga dalam meningkatkan mutu hidupnya .Metode: yaitu melalui pengamatan terhadap fenomena yang terjadi dimasyarakat melalui pengamatan langsung, wawancara, media massa.Hasil: peran perawat dalam kesehatan keluarga belum berjalan optimal dan belum meratanya pelayanan kesehatan di berbagai daerah khususnya daerah-daerah pinggiran kota, desa dan pelosok desa.Pembahasan: Pelaksanaan pelayanan keperawatan keluarga, pemerintah harus mempunyai program khusus untuk meningkatkan pelayanan keperawatan keluarga, dengan melibatkan para perawat diseluruh tanah air, agar pelayanan kesehatan dapat merata sampai kepelosok tanah air.Penutup: Kesimpulan dari kajian ilmiah keperawatan keluarga ini cukup menjelaskan bahwa tujuannya yakni untuk untuk mengidentifikasi keefektifan penerapannnya dalam pelayanan keperawatan, mulai dari tingkat kota sampai dareah terpencil diseluruh tanah air.
Genes encoding histone proteins are differentially expressed between men and women with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and their expression correlates with survival.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2020

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma is a pediatric brain cancer and has the lowest median survival rate of all cancers known to man (1). 99% of patients diagnosed with DIPG will expire within 5 years (1). Understanding the transcriptional behavior of tumors in DIPG is critical for the development of novel therapies. In this study, I compared the transcriptomes of tumors from men with DIPG versus that of tumors from women diagnosed with DIPG using a published dataset (2). I found that three histone genes, including HIST1H4C, HIST1H2BD, and HIST1H3D, which encode Histone H4, Histone H2B Type 1D, and Histone H3.1 were among the genes whose expression was most different between the DIPG tumors of men and women. Importantly, the expression level of two of these genes significantly correlated in a linear fashion with the amount of time the patient survived. It has previously been reported that 78% of DIPG tumors contain a mutation in Histone H3.1 (HIST1H3B) (3). This is the first report of differential expression of histone genes in tumors of patients with DIPG.
PERAN PERAWAT SEBAGAI EDUKATOR DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KOMPETENSI ENTREPRENEUR KEPADA PERAWAT
Authors: Ginting Daniel Suranta
Published: January 2020

Latar Belakang: . Entrepreneur adalah seseorang yang menerima tanggung jawab dan resiko untuk menemukan dan menciptakan peluang unik dengan menggunakan talenta, keterampilan dan energi serta menerapkan proses perencanaan strategik untuk mentransfer peluang tersebut menjadi pelayanan atau produk yang layak dipasarkan.Tujuan: Kajian Ilmiah bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan peran perawat sebagai educator dalam mengembangkan kompetensi entrepreuneur kepada perawat. Metode: Studi ini dilakukan dengan cara pemetaan sistematis (literature review) terkait peran perawat sebagai educator dalam mengembangkan kompetensi entrepreuneur. Sejumlah 14 artikel penelitian dievaluasi dari berbagai sumber informasi online EBSCO, medline, CINAHL complete, science direct. Penelusuran dilakukan dengan kata kunci sesuai dengan topik yaitu peran perawat sebagai educator dan entrepreuneur.Hasil: Perawat yang memperkerjakan dirinya sendiri (self-employed), bertanggunggugat/akuntabel langsung kepada klien penerima pelayanan jasa. Pelayanan klinis yang diberikan bisa bersifat langsung, maupun melalui subkontrak yang dijalankan secara resmi atau oleh organisasi sektor swasta. Sedangkan nurse intrapreneur adalah perawat yang digaji karena mengembangkan, mempromosikan dan memberikan program kesehatan/keperawatan yang inovatif atau kegiatan pengembangan di berbagai tatanan pelayanan kesehatan tertentu.Pembahasan: Entrepeneur bagi perawat sebetulnya bisa dipelajari sambil melakukannya (learning by doing), namun harus diingat bahwa wawasan tentang jenis usaha yang akan dipilih tetap sangat diperlukan karena jika tanpa hal itu sama dengan menyelam ke dasar laut tanpa tabung gas.Rekomendasi: Kewirausahaan merupakan produk budaya. Wirausaha berasal dari nilai-nilai budaya dan system budaya yang telah tertanam dalam lingkungan masyarakat.
Milking management practices and IMI in Jersey crossbred cows in changing scenario
Authors: Bhakat Champak
Published: January 2020

Experiment was conducted on Jersey crossbred cows (12) to compare 2 management practices viz. hand andmachine milking. Field investigations were also carried out on other milking management practices, IMI, hygienestatus and cleanliness in 3 stages. A total of 459 milk samples were analysed. Farm experimentation revealed thatSCC and MCMT were significantly higher in hand milking as compared to machine milking management. Butmilk yield and milk extraction rate were significantly lower in hand milking as compared to machine milkingmanagement. The time required for milking/animal was significantly higher in hand milking as compared to machinemilking management. The morning and evening milk samples of both hand and machine milking showed highervalues of SCC, MCMT, pH during evening as compared to morning session but milk yield and milk extraction ratewere lower during evening as compared to morning session whereas time required for milking/animal was higherin morning as compared to evening time. Almost similar trend of fat and SNF (%) were estimated in both milkingsession. Field investigation indicated that SCC, MCMT, pH were higher in IMI animal as compared to no-IMIanimal whereas fat and SNF were lower in IMI animal as compared to no IMI animal. Teat dipping and screeningof udders for mastitis were never followed by any farmer. Most of farmer having single cow, maintained goodhygiene status and cleanliness but most of the farmer having >3 cows, maintained poor hygiene status. Farmexperimentation concluded that the IMI can be reduced in machine milking practices in comparison to hand milkingpractices with higher milk quantity without affecting milk composition in Jersey crossbred cows. Field investigationconcluded that there is a significant association between animal keeping pattern and hygiene status/cleanliness atstudy area. So efforts should be made to increase cleanliness and hygiene status in milking cows itself, housing ofanimal and milkers of farmer’s house to reduce incidence of IMI in changing scenario.
administrasi pendidikan dan tenaga kependidikan 1
Authors: deswita Linda
Published: January 2020

we so students must value the services of our teachers, because without a teacher there will be no education, even though the education staff does not match what is provided with what is obtained. This article researchers used the literature study method by collecting literature (material) taken from book sources, journals, and other sources related to the science of Educational Administration. The method of literature relating to topics of interest can help make it easier to formulate research problems..
Individual attitude change and societal dynamics: Computational experiments with psychological theories
Authors: Lorenz Jan , Neumann Martin , Schröder Tobia
Published: January 2020

We present an agent-based model for studying the societal implications of theories of attitude change in psychological theory. For experimenting with theories, various psychological theories of persuasive communication are implemented. The model allows for investigating the effects of contagion and assimilation, motivated cognition, polarity, source credibility, and idiosyncratic attitude formation. The simulations show that different theories produce different characteristic macro-level patterns. Central mechanisms for generating consensus can be contagion and assimilation. However, the former generates a radicalized consensus. Motivated cognition tends to cause societal polarization of attitudes. Polarity and source credibility have comparatively little effect on the societal distribution of attitudes. We discuss how the simulations provide a bridge between micro-level psychological theories and the aggregated macro level studied by sociology. This, in turn, enables complementing experimental studies by new types of evidence for evaluating social psychological theory.
Modeling Dynamic Comparative Public Opinion
Authors: Solt Frederick
Published: January 2020

The study of public opinion in comparative context has been hampered by data that is sparse, that is, unavailable for many countries and years; incomparable, i.e., ostensibly addressing the same issue but generated by different survey items; or, most often, both. Questions of representation and of policy feedback on public opinion, for example, cannot be explored fully from a cross-national perspective without comparable time-series data for many countries that span their respective times of policy adoption. Recent works (Claassen 2019; Caughey, O'Grady, and Warshaw 2019) have introduced a latent variable approach to the study of comparative public opinion that maximizes the information gleaned from available surveys to overcome issues of sparse and incomparable data and allow comparativists to examine the dynamics of public opinion. This paper advances this field of research by presenting a new model and software for estimating latent variables of public opinion from cross-national survey data that yield superior fit and more quantities of theoretical interest than previous works allow.
Etnoarqueología de la represión franquista en A Pobra do Brollón (Galicia, España) (1936-1949)
Authors: Vila Xurxo Ayán
Published: January 2020

Hemos desarrollado en los últimos tres años una línea de investigación interdisciplinar que estudia el paisaje de la represión fascista y la resistencia antifranquista en una zona rural de Galicia. Hemos llevado a cabo exhumaciones de represaliados en atrios de cementerios, hemos excavado casas campesinas que acogieron a guerrilleros y hemos reconstruido la fuga de algunos supervivientes que consiguieron exiliarse en el verano de 1936. Todo este trabajo nos ha permitido analizar las materialidades y memorias generadas por la violencia sistemática desatada por los sublevados en una zona rural ubicada en la retaguardia. Nuestro enfoque basado en la Arqueología en Comunidad ha conseguido hacer pública la historia dramática vinculada a estos espacios y convertirlos en auténticos lugares de memoria.
Desarrollismo, tortura e internación
Authors: Maguire Pedro Pablo Fermin
Published: January 2020

Durante la segunda mitad del s. XX el Estado Brasileño emprendió un camino político y económico desarrollista. Dicho modelo hacía de la adopción de fórmulas económicas y tecnológicas de los Estados Unidos una de las claves para la modernización de la sociedad. El análisis de las tecnologías represivas desarrolladas por la dictadura de 1964-1985 en el Estado de Minas Gerais permite poner los esfuerzos de modernización de la dictadura en relación con la violencia política. Al mismo tiempo, dichas tecnologías muestran contradicciones más amplias del modelo desarrollista que remiten a los aspectos coloniales de la matriz moderna.