bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La alfabetización académica universitaria a examen: una propuesta para leer y dialogar con el mundo
Authors: Carreira Zafra Cintia , Kazmierczak Marcin , Signes María Teresa
Published: December 2024

Contemporary literacy practices indicate that we face new challenges: reading andwriting in the 21st century is far from what was understood about these activities in pastcenturies. This change also reverts to the competencies that, from the university level, areexpected to be developed by students. In this research a pedagogical experience of promotingacademic literacy is reported, and carried out at the Abat Oliba CEU University duringthe 2017-2018 academic year in the framework of a project of innovation and improvementof teaching quality. It consists of the creation of a student’s journal “Letras de Batalla: debateacadémico actual”: the motivations and objectives of the project, its methodology and implementationphases, are described. Finally, it the relationship between expected results and resultsobtained at the end of the edition of the first issue is detailed, published online and withits own ISSN. Thus, the journal allows us to verify that, through the production of academicarticles, students improve their reading skills and naturally assume these literacy practiceswhile also increasing their abilities to understand and engage with the world around themand master the skills necessary for integration into society.
ANALISIS TERHADAP KEWAJIBAN HUKUM DALAM MEMELUK AGAMA DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Saragih Geofani Milthree , Pasaribu Davin Hansel , Desiandri Yati Sharfina
Published: December 2024

Beragama di Indonesia merupakan hak yang diakui dan dilindungi oleh hukum, namun juga muncul perdebatan mengenai apakah beragama merupakan suatu hak atau suatu keharusan. Penelitian ini berangkat dari perkara yang teregister dengan nomor 146/PUU-XXII/2024 mengajukan gugatan terhadap aturan yang membatasi kebebasan untuk hidup tanpa beragama di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Muncul permasalahan utama, apakah memeluk agama dan kepercayaan di Indonesia hanya sebatas hak atau merupakan suatu keharusan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan studi undang-undang dan analisis putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK). Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa memeluk agama di Indonesia merupakan suatu keharusan yang berakar pada amanat filosofis dari Pancasila, khususnya dalam sila pertama "Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa," dan secara normatif tercantum dalam dasar hukum tertinggi, yaitu Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Putusan MK Nomor 140/PUU-VII/2009 dan Nomor 97/PUU-XI/2013 juga memperkuat pandangan ini dengan menegaskan pentingnya pengakuan dan perlindungan terhadap hak beragama serta tanggung jawab negara untuk menjamin kebebasan beragama. Maka, kajian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman mengenai posisi kewajiban beragama dalam konteks hak asasi manusia di Indonesia.
Efficiency of agricultural methods in agrobiocenosis of sunflower on leached black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Orekhov G.I. , Bushnev A.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Kotlyarova I.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Kurilova D.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

In 2022–2023, we studied the influence of sowing dates and seed sowing rates on yield and quality of seeds of a sunflower hybrid Surus on leached black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia (Krasnodar). The results of mycological analysis of the experimental plot soil showed the differences in fungus amounts of genera Fusarium, Alternaria, and Rhizopus in sunflower rhizosphere, which was planted in various dates and with different seed sowing rates; also there were differences between these pathogens presence in rhizosphere and plant infection with fusariosis, alternaria, and dry rot. We stated the features in formation of a sunflower head diameter and plant height depending on the seed sowing rates and dates in the different by water supply weather conditions. In moderately favorable weather conditions of 2022, the highest yields of sunflower were obtained when planting it in period of May 10–20 and April 20–30 – 3.27 and 2.97 t/hа, respectively. Under summer water deficient of 2023, the highest sunflower yields were obtained at planting dates of May 10–20 and 20–30 – 3.08 and 2.90 t/hа, respectively. The reliably high oil contents in seeds, produced in these crops in 2023 – 49.3 and 50.0%, respectively, allowed receiv-ing the highest oil yields – 1.37 and 1.31 t/hа, respectively. The significant moisture deposit in soil (2022) and big precipitation amount at the beginning of a vegetative period (2023) promoted obtaining the highest indicators of sunflower productivity at seed sowing rate of 80 thousand pieces per ha.
Search of antagonists of Phoma rot pathogen on winter rapeseed: initial screening of bacterial strains from the working collection of the biometod laboratory of VNIIMK
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Maslienko L.V. , Zaverukha E.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Deynega L.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Kuznetsova A.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

In 2024, in the laboratory of biomethod of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, a search of promising strains-producers of microbiopreparations from the working collection of the laboratory was conducted. The purpose of the research was to develop a microbiological method to decrease the harmfulness of the most dangerous disease on winter rapeseed – Phoma rot (Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not, anamorph stage Phoma lingam (Tode) Desm.). As a result of the initial screening of bacterial antagonist strains, 29 promising strains with the different types of an antagonist activity against Phoma pathogen were selected: 21 bacterial strains from a genus Bacillus: Fa 4-2, D-10, 11-2, D 1-1, 11-3, 5-3, 3-3, 3-2, Far 8, D 1-3, Fz 9, D 7-3, K 1-2, 01kopf Bacillus sp., Б (2-1), Б-5, Б-12 B. licheniformis, 5Б-1, D 7-1, ВВ(С) B. subtilis, Б-4 B. circulans, and eight strains from a genus Pseudomonas: 12-2 , 15-1, 13-2, Sgc-1, 16-2, Oif 2-1, 14-4 Pseudomonas sp. and 14-3 P. chlororaphis, to conduct the secondary screening on a pathogen artificial inoculation background.
About rust pathogen on sunflower (review)
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Araslanova N.M. , Antonova T.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Saukova S.L. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Iwebor M.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

There is presented a review of literary sources devoted to studies of sunflower rust. Sunflower rust caused by an obligative parasite Puccinia helianthi Schwein. is again a limiting factor in the sunflower seed production. Such situation is caused by weather conditions and the development of new virulent patho-types of the pathogen. We identified 27 biotypes of P. helianthi Schwein., which infect sunflower in different regions of Russia. Such diversity of virulent biotypes can be connected with the intensive cultivation of sunflower hybrids of foreign breeding during last thirty years. From the literary sources, we know about four species of rust pathogen; theoretically, they can be introduced on sunflower fields of the Russian Federation. These species, even seldom, caused rust on cultivated and wild sunflower in different countries. Species P. enceliae and P. massalis are differed from P. helianthi on sunflower by morphological traits of teliospores. We did not find them on sunflower leaves infected by rust, that we collected in the different regions of the Russian Federation. P. xanthii, also known as burdock rust, is microcyclic and able to form only telia. P. canaliculata forms uredinia and telia only on the own alternative host – a hazel. During observations a life cycle of the rust pathogen in sunflower crops, we detected only specific morphological traits of teliospores and five-step development cycle, which fully corresponded to the description of P. helianthi, done by L.D. Schweinitz and added by his followers. Dominance of this species of the rust pathogen in sunflower crops in the Russian Federation certifies that only its virulent biotypes should be obligatory to use in sunflower breeding for immunity.
Analysis of multi-criteria models and methods for fire service resource management
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Tran Minh Hoang Ha
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The specifics of fire department resource allocation in the context of fire safety management require the use of optimization procedures to simultaneously increase the efficiency, effectiveness and reliability of fire prevention, prevention and extinguishing measures. In practice, this requirement can only be achieved using the theoretical principles of multicriteria optimization. The article analyzes multi-criteria decision-making methods for allocating fire department resources. This analysis will make it possible to make an informed choice of a combination of multi-criteria methods and propose new approaches to fire department resource management. The research involves the evaluation and analysis of multi-criteria decision-making methods and their application to many different areas of fire department resource management. Goals and objectives. The study was carried out to select the optimal combination of multi-criteria models when developing a method for resource management of the fire department in Vietnam. The purpose of the article is to analyze various multi-criteria models used in fire department resource management. Methods. The study uses analysis as a logical method for defining the concept of multicriteria models when dividing them according to the characteristics of implementation in the practice of fire department resource management. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the analysis, the basic principles of multi-criteria models, their advantages and limitations are formulated. Specific cases of using these models are given. Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the use of multi-criteria models in fire department resource management not only increases efficiency and safety, but also contributes to a more efficient use of resources, increases the ability to adapt various scenarios for the development of the fire department, taking into account its increased readiness to work in emergency situations.
Keywords: multicriteria model; decision making; resource management; fire safety.
Determination of heat generation characteristics when burning reed the formation of
CO2 and co in combustion products
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of
            EMERCOM of Russia, Kruglov Evgeny Yurievich , Aseeva Roza Mikhailovna ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Puzach Sergej Viktorovich ,   Moscow State University of
            Civil Engineering (National Research University), Boldrushkiev Ochir Baatrovich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The release of heat as a result of chemical redox reactions is the
basis for the combustion of various material substances. It is known that combustion
(fire), as a process of occurrence, its development and attenuation, is determined by
the relationship between the rate of heat release as a result of chemical oxidation
reactions of a specific material substance and the rate of heat loss into the
environment as a result of purely physical heat exchange processes. Taking into account
the important scientific and practical importance of heat release parameters (including
in the development of new materials, fire protection products, etc.), as well as the
absence of expensive calorimeters in everyday practice, the authors tried to show, in
particular, using the example of reed, the possibility of using it to determine basic
heat release parameters , existing in the Russian Federation, both standard and
non-standard laboratory installations for studying the flammability of materials,
equipped with CO2, CO and O2 gas analyzers. Goals and objectives. Determination of the
basic parameters of heat release during the burning of reed plants, necessary for
modeling the occurrence and development of a landscape fire with their participation.
Methods. To determine the heat release parameters based on the rate of formation of CO2
and CO in gaseous products during reed burning, an installation of the fire hazard of
condensed materials during their thermal decomposition was used. Results and discussion.
The results of determining the characteristics of heat release during combustion of a
reed plant from the cereal family (common reed Phragmites australis) based on the rate
of formation of CO2 and CO in gaseous combustion products under the action of a radiant
heat flux of 35 kW/m2 without ignition are presented. It has been shown that individual
parts of the plant (spikelets, leaves, stems) react differently to thermal effects.
Conclusion. The values of the effective heat of combustion of leaves and stems as a
whole, obtained from the formation of carbon oxides, and from the thermocouple method in
a calorimetric installation are practically the same. This confirms the adequacy of the
application of the method for assessing the characteristics of heat release during the
combustion of substances and materials by the formation of CO2 and CO in combustion
products. Keywords: reed; heat release; calorific value; mass burnout rate; combustion
incompleteness coefficient.
Model for attracting fire protection brigades to fires at higher ranks using the
hierarchy analysis method
Authors:   Academy of State Fire Service of
            EMERCOM of Russia, Uvaliev Didarkhan Saktapbergenovich , Sokolov Sergey Viktorovich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Grigorieva Margarita Petrovna ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In conditions of a limited number of brigades in the fire and rescue
garrison, an urgent issue is forecasting and careful distribution of available brigades
in the combat crew for extinguishing fires. This work is devoted to retrospective
modeling of the involvement of fire and rescue brigades in a major fire using the
example of the Astrakhan local fire and rescue garrison. Goals and objectives. The
article was written with the aim of improving the procedure for attracting fire and
rescue brigades to fires at a higher rank, assessing the effectiveness of fire
departments in various situations developing at the site of a fire, and also
mathematically modeling the involvement of fire and rescue brigades to extinguish a
fire. Methods. Comparative analysis and modeling of the involvement of fire and rescue
brigades in a fire at a higher rank using the hierarchy analysis method. Results and
discussion. The use of a schedule of departures of fire and rescue garrison brigades to
extinguish fires and carry out emergency rescue operations does not in all cases ensure
the rational concentration of fire and rescue brigades. The results of a comparison of
the involvement of fire and rescue brigades in response to a fire in the Astrakhan
region indicate various possible options for the order of dispatch of brigades. Changing
the order of involvement of fire and rescue brigades makes it possible to increase the
efficiency of their activities at the scene of a fire. Conclusion. The developed
mathematical model makes it possible to rationally (based on the entered criteria)
concentrate the most effective fire and rescue brigades at the fire site, based on the
developing operational situation at the fire site and in the garrison. At the same time,
the use of the developed mathematical model will make it possible to direct forces and
means with lower tactical and technical characteristics to minor fires, forming a
reserve for a second possible fire. The creation of a reserve of fire and rescue
brigades is carried out on the basis of the risk of several destructive events occurring
in the garrison and in the area where brigades are deployed. Keywords: criterion; fire;
fire and rescue garrison; brigades; priority; attraction; concentration; area; departure
schedule.
Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome – Simplifying the approach for dermatologists. Part 1: Etiopathogenesis, clinical features and evaluation
Authors: Singh Gautam Kumar , Das Pankaj , Sharma Pragya , Srivastava Shailendra , Singh Vikram , Singh Kanwaljeet , Barui Sanghita , Mulajkar Deepak , Dubey Indra Prakash
Published: December 2024

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a heterogeneous group of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas characterised by a cutaneous infiltration of malignant monoclonal T lymphocytes. While this broad spectrum of disease with its varied etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management options are well characterised, an approach from a dermatologist’s perspective is lacking in the literature. We strive to elucidate the approach from a clinician’s point of view, especially in respect of clinical examination, investigations, staging and management options that are available in the realm of the dermatologists. This review article is the first part out of the two, covering the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and evaluation.
Hypopituitarism secondary to pediatric traumatic brain injury – A need for active vigilance
Authors: Parikh Akanksha Chirag , Deorukhkar Prathamesh Ramesh
Published: December 2024

Hypopituitarism, a known sequelae of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), is often overlooked, especially in acute settings where more dynamic issues warrant the clinician’s attention. Pituitary dysfunction following pediatric TBI usually develops early and is often transient. However, a long-term follow-up is required to monitor the ongoing needs of hormonal replacement therapy as well as to identify the onset of new hormonal deficiencies, which can develop many years after the brain injury. This case describes the clinical course of an infant who suffered a fall and developed multiple skull fractures. The child required admission to intensive care and developed hypopituitarism (cortisol, thyroid, vasopressin, and growth hormone) secondary to severe TBI. The clinical (refractory shock and polyurea) and radiological red flags (empty sella) can assist in predicting the development of pituitary dysfunction in such cases.
Пространственный аспект оппозиции свет – тьма в романе У. Голдинга «Повелитель мух»
Authors: Меркулова М.Г. , Шишкина О.В.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу поэтики света и тьмы в романе-антиутопии У. Голдинга «Повелитель мух» с акцентированным изучением пространственного аспекта. В ходе исследования выявляется полисемантичность оппозиции свет – тьма, анализируется пространственно-световая семантика образа звезд и ночных цветов, устанавливается соположение тьмы и света ключевым локусам произведения, а также описывается кодирование образами тьмы и света центральной темы романа — таящегося в человеке зла.

The paper deals with the polysemantic character of the opposition light – darkness in W. Golding’s anti-utopia «Lord of the Flies». The research is due to analyze the patterns of light and darkness distribution in the key loci of the novel with the special emphasis on the images of star-light and night-flowers. The central theme of the novel (darkness of human heart) is decided and described through light and darkness units.
Проектирование общества на ближайшее и отдаленное будущее
Authors: Мапельман В.М.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируются результаты тринадцатилетнего внедрения рекомендаций научно-прогностического проекта ЮНЕСКО «К обществам знания»; дается оценка итогам реализации ряда новых технологий в реформировании образования и системы функционирования науки, степени новизны предлагаемых методик. В материале фиксируются признаки утопичности предложенного проекта в связи с неполнотой реализации функций, характерных для социального прогноза.
Triacylphosphines as a Novel Class of Phosphorus Sources for the Synthesis of Transition Metal Phosphide Nanoparticles
Authors: Antanovich Artsiom , Iodchik Andrey , Li Jing , Khavlyuk Pavel , Shamraienko Volodymyr , Lesnyak Vladimir
Published: December 2024

Transition metal phosphide (TMP) nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a versatile material for a wide array of energy conversion/storage applications due to their robustness and a broad range of available compositions, stoichiometries, and crystalline structures. Combined with size and shape control, this opens many possibilities to tailor NPs’ electronic, physical, and chemical properties. One of the main hurdles towards broader implementation of TMP NPs consists in their challenging synthesis further exacerbated by the limited choice of available phosphorus precursors. On the one hand, the synthesis of TMP NPs can be carried out using various alkyl- or arylphosphines, which require prolonged heating at high temperatures, while on the other hand, the use of highly reactive P(SiMe3)3, white phosphorus, or PH3 poses additional obstacles associated with their hazardous nature, high cost, and limited availability. In this work, we report the use of acylphosphines as a new class of phosphorus sources for the synthesis of nickel and cobalt phosphide NPs. We demonstrate that they react with respective metal chlorides at moderate temperatures as low as 250 °C yielding amorphous/poorly crystalline NPs, which can later be crystallized at 305 °C. After ligand stripping with HPF6, the prepared NPs were shown to be an effective electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in the acidic medium exhibiting overpotentials as low as 50 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm², which is among the lowest overpotentials for these materials and is quite competitive to commercial platinum-based catalysts.
Spontaneous Aqueous Defluorination of Trifluoromethylphenols: Substituent Effects and Revisiting the Mechanism
Authors: Guo Zhefei , Tremblay Geneviève , Chen Jingdan , Joudan Shira
Published: December 2024

Trifluoromethylphenols (TFMPs) are environmental contaminants that exist as transformation products of aryl-CF3 pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Their −CF3 moiety raises concerns as it may form problematic fluorinated transformation products such as the persistent pollutant trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). This study investigates the hydrolysis and spontaneous defluorination mechanisms of 2-TFMP, 3-TFMP, 4-TFMP, and 2-Cl-4-TFMP under environmentally relevant aqueous conditions, and under alkaline pH to investigate the mechanism of defluorination. 3-TFMP did not undergo hydrolysis. The other TFMPs reacted to primarily form the corresponding hydroxybenzoic acids and fluoride. High-resolution mass spectrometry identified a benzoyl fluoride intermediate in the hydrolysis of 4-TFMP and other dimer-like transformation products of the 4- and 2-Cl-4-TFMP. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the key defluorination step proceeds via an E1cb mechanism, driven by β-elimination. Experimental and computational results demonstrated substituent-dependent differences in reactivity, and the importance of the deprotonation of TFMPs for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the complete defluorination of TFMPs and broader implications for the environmental defluorination of other PFAS.
Self-assembled Plasmonic Au-TiO2 Supraparticles for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Generation
Authors: Ninakanti Rajeshreddy , Borah Rituraj , AG Karthick Raj , Guidetti Andrea , Van Doorslaer Sabine , Ciocarlan Radu-George , Cool Pegie , Elbrink Kimberley , Kiekens Filip , Bals Sara , W. Verbruggen Sammy
Published: December 2024

Plasmonic nanoparticles deposited on semiconductors have shown great promise in photocatalysis. In the present study, we demonstrate the synthesis of Au-TiO2 supraparticles by self-assembly, leading to collective plasmonic excitation as an effective strategy to enhance the plasmon energy transfer to TiO2. Au-TiO2 supraparticles are synthesized via electrostatic interaction between poly(allylamine hydrochloride)-coated Au nanoparticles and titanium bis(ammonium lactate) dihydroxide (TALH) as the titania precursor. The suprastructure size and density are controlled by varying the amount of TALH in the Au@polymer matrix. The use of large, dense supraparticles (500 nm – 50 µm) enables to double the hydrogen peroxide yield compared to small supraparticles (100 nm – 5 µm). Our mechanistic investigation points at a pivotal role of a strongly increased near-electric field enhancement and associated hot electrons that partake in the reaction. Radical quenching experiments and EPR spectroscopy further confirm the importance of an electron-transfer-based O2-reduction pathway at the root of the enhanced photocatalytic H2O2 production.
Characterizing the interplay of 'σ-hole’ and ‘σ*' interactions in chalcogen bonding
Authors: Lara Anthony , Sterling Alistair , Aldossary Abdul , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: December 2024

Intermolecular non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen, halogen and chalcogen bonds, are crucial in gas phase and condensed phase chemistry. Here we investigate and challenge the conflicting ‘σ-hole’ and ‘σ*’ paradigms commonly used for the description of chalcogen bonds. Using density functional theory with our absolutely localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis (ALMO-EDA) scheme, we explore the conformational and geometric space of a range of tellurophene-like systems. Our results show that while the s-hole description is adequate to predict the electrostatic component of chalcogen bonds, the additional contribution of charge transfer is needed to fully describe these interactions. We anticipate that our findings will offer fresh insight into the use of non-covalent interactions for crystal engineering, synthetic and biological chemistry.
Hypoxia favors tumor growth in colorectal cancer in an integrin αDβ1/hemoglobin δ-dependent manner
Authors: Koivunen Erkki , Madhavan Sudarrshan , Bermudez-Garrido Laura , Grönholm Mikaela , Kaprio Tuomas , Haglund Caj , Andersson Leif C , Gahmberg Carl G
Published: December 2024

Low oxygen tension (PO2), characterizes the tissue environment of tumors. The colorectal tumor line Colo205, grown under reduced oxygen tension expresses a novel αDβ1 integrin, which forms a cell surface complex with hemoglobin δ. This resulted in high local affinity for oxygen, which increased cell adhesion as compared with cells grown under normal oxygen tension. Staining with antibodies to the integrin αD polypeptide and hemoglobin δ, and transfection with cDNAs for GFP-hemoglobin δ and mCherry-αD, showed co-localization of αD and hemoglobin δ. Antibodies to αD and β1 integrins, an RGD peptide, and an αDβ1 binding peptide from hemoglobin δ, blocked the αDβ1-hemoglobin interaction and lowered oxygen consumption. Downregulation of integrin αD or hemoglobin δ expression inhibited cell proliferation in hypoxia. The very frequent expression of complexes between αDβ1 and hemoglobin δ on the cell surface offers potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer.
Problem Diskriminasi Peserta Didik Penganut Kepercayaan di Kota Malang
Authors: Baro Bitan Yohanes Victor , Botu Firgianus , Permiro Bonifacius Gendis
Published: December 2024

Freedom of religion is the right of every human being. In Indonesia, freedom of religion has been guaranteed by the government in law. But often in practice there are still many violations in the name of religion. This research study pays attention to the discrimination against students of believers in every education unit in Malang City. Of course, this contradicts the fifth principle in which everyone has the same rights. One of those rights is the right to get a proper education. This research uses a qualitative approach, namely the literature study method and by relying on some previous research data to examine discrimination cases that are currently rampant in Malang City. The theoretical framework used as an analytical knife is Emmanuel Levinas' perspective on responsibility and attention to others if it becomes a light in analyzing cases of discrimination. The results of the study reveal that discrimination occurs because of the mentality of a society that does not accept differences. So the solution offered is character building and improvements to the education system that must prioritize the quality of education, not the background of students.
Resiliensi Keluarga Perantau dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Keluarga di Desa Mario Kabupaten Bone
Authors: . Jusnawati , Amsal Bahrul , R Delu Abidah
Published: December 2024

Keputusan untuk pergi merantau tentu didasari oleh pertimbangan yang matang bagi sebuah keluarga karena berpotensi melahirkan persoalan dalam keluarga. Resiliensi keluarga sangat penting dalam menghadapi persoalan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran persoalan yang dihadapi keluarga perantau dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi resiliensi keluarga perantau. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan melalui tahap: 1) reduksi data, 2) sajian data dan 3) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan beberapa persoalan yang dialami keluarga perantau adalah persoalan ekonomi, beban ganda, kebutuhan pendidikan anak, dan isu orang ketiga atau perselingkuhan. Adapun faktor-faktor pendorong resiliensi keluarga perantau, pertama keyakinan yang dimiliki anggota keluarga dan telah ditanamkan sejak dini dalam keluarga, kedua pola organisasi dalam keluarga meliputi pola pengelolaan masalah dengan melakukan musyawarah dan curah pendapat untuk menemukan solusi yang tepat, keterhubungan antar anggota keluarga dan lingkungan sosial, serta pengelolaan ekonomi keluarga dengan memprioritaskan kebutuhan pokok keluarga, serta investasi masa depan melalui tabungan emas dan peliharaan hewan ternak. Ketiga pola komunikasi keluarga yang mencakup kejelasan informasi dan kebenaran, sikap terbuka atau jujur, dan ketiga penyelesaian masalah secara kolaboratif di mana setiap anggota keluarga memiliki tanggungjawab bersama dalam membantu menemukan solusi dan menjalankan solusi yang telah disepakati.
Philosophy of Education: Islamic Educational Thought of Ibn Sina
Authors: Setyawati Ariesta
Published: December 2024

Education is guidance, leadership, from educators to students with physical and spiritual development, education systematically shapes the character, nature and behavior of students. In the world of education there are several educational figures who explore the world of education, one of which is Ibn Sina. Ibn Sina (Avicenna) was a well-known Muslim philosopher in the field of medicine, but many of his ideas were also related to education and are considered to have contributed to the development of modern educational thought. The purpose of this study is to analyze Ibn Sina's educational thinking and his contribution to Islamic education in modern times. In this writing using descriptive and qualitative methods with literature studies and data sources obtained from research whose subjects are in the form of literature and raised from documentation derived from scientific journals, e-books, and other related reference sources.
Fractional Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions
Authors: Badreddine Meftah
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we first construct a new integral equality. Using this equality, we establish Hermite-Hadamard type fractional integralinequalities involving two variables via convexity.
On generalized pseudo conformally symmetric manifolds
Authors: Akshoy Patra
Published: December 2024

In this paper, a type of Riemannian manifold, namely generalized pseudo conformally symmetric manifold is studied. Several geometric properties of such spaces are studied. By imposing different restrictions on the conformal curvature tensor, we have obtained several properties. If the conformal curvature tensor is harmonic, then the form of the scalar curvature is obtained. Also, the relations among the 1-forms under various conditions are obtained.
The effects of coating type and drying temperature on the physicochemical
properties of the mixture of lemongrass and apple powdered drinks
Authors: Rahmawati R. , Azni I.N. , Saputra D. , Maharani A.F.
Published: December 2024

Fresh beverages from fruits and herbal plants that contain antioxidants are able to enhance
the immunity of the human body. However, such fresh beverage products generally have a
short shelf life. As an alternative, the products must be converted into powdered drinks.
Coating materials are thus needed to avoid the loss of antioxidant compounds during the
drying process. This study aimed to scrutinize the effects of coating type and drying
temperature on the quality of lemongrass and Malang apple powdered drinks. The study
employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and two replications.
The first factor was the coating type with 3 levels (maltodextrin, dextrin, gum arabic) and
the second factor was the drying temperature with 3 levels (40℃, 45℃, 50℃). The data
were analyzed using Analysis of variance one-way (ANOVA) test and Duncan's further
test if the treatment was significantly different. The results showed that the type of coating
significantly affected the parameters of stability, dissolution time, ash content, vitamin C,
and antioxidants. Meanwhile, the drying time significantly affected the parameters of
stability, dissolution time, water content, ash content, vitamin C, and antioxidants. There
was an interaction between the coating type and drying time that affected the bulk density,
stability, dissolution time, ash content, vitamin C, and antioxidants. The best result based
on the high content of antioxidants was obtained on the dextrin coating type with a drying
temperature of 45℃. Product characteristics included a solubility of 0.96 seconds, a bulk
density of 0.58 g/mL, a stability of 89.19%, a water content of 2.38%, an ash content of
1.21%, a vitamin C content of 70.22%, an antioxidant inhibition percentage of 50.97%, an
IC50 content of 1.29, and a water activity of 0.50.
Glycemic potential of Philippine grains during co-digestion with bignay
[Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng] pomace: an in vitro study
Authors: Tengco J.M.J. , Reginio F.C.Jr. , Babaran G.M.O. , Zubia C.S. , Ogawa Y. , Duque S.M.M.
Published: December 2024

There has been increased demand for functional foods nowadays as people move towards
a healthier lifestyle. Underutilized fruits, such as bignay [Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng],
are currently being investigated because of their high amounts of bioactive substances
with health-promoting effects, particularly in addressing non-communicable diseases such
as obesity and diabetes mellitus. Hence, this study evaluated the effect of bignay pomace
on the estimated glycemic index (eGI) when co-digested with locally consumed grains.
Results showed that upon addition of 1% freeze-dried bignay pomace, significant
reductions in the estimated glycemic index [eGI] (7–17%) and hydrolysis index (15–32%)
occurred during the two-stage simulated in vitro digestion of rice, adlai, white corn grits
(WCG), 50:50 rice: adlai mix, and 70:30 rice: WCG mix. Further analysis revealed that
the total dietary fiber and resistant starch contents in the grains affected the eGI of the
grains, such that the amounts present retarded the rate of starch digestion. Bignay pomace
significantly lowered the rate of the in vitro digestion of local grains, suggesting its
potential to improve glycemic index. The study serves as relevant baseline data for the
possible valorization of bignay pomace as a food supplement for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases.
GENERATIVE AI APPLICATIONS IN DRUG DISCOVERY: ACCELERATING INNOVATION IN PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: Teja Reddy Gatla
Published: December 2024

The pharmaceutical industry has seen a transformative shift with the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in drug discovery. This technology harnesses machine learning models to predict molecular properties, design new compounds, and optimize drug development processes. Generative AI has shown immense potential in accelerating the early stages of drug discovery by reducing time and cost while enhancing the precision of drug candidate identification. With the ability to generate novel molecular structures, predict protein folding, and simulate biological interactions, Generative AI is revolutionizing the discovery of effective therapeutics. This paper explores the key applications of Generative AI in pharmaceutical research, its impact on drug design, and the challenges associated with its adoption in the industry. The convergence of AI and drug discovery not only accelerates the pipeline but also promises to deliver personalized and targeted therapies, ultimately transforming the future of healthcare.
Impact of taxation on tobacco products prices in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates
Authors: Delipalla Sophia , El-Awa Fatimah , Hammerich Asmus , Perucic Anne-Marie , El-Gohary Sophia
Published: December 2024

Background: In 2016, the 6 Gulf Cooperation Council countries agreed to implement a harmonized excise tax on tobacco products, at a rate of 100% of the pre-tax price.
Aim: To assess the implementation of tobacco taxation in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates and its impact on consumer prices, affordability and substitution possibilities.
Methods: This study conducted simple descriptive analysis of open-source secondary data reported to WHO by Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates on cigarette excise taxes, price levels, price dispersion, and affordability.
Results: The 3 countries imposed more than 70% excise tax on tobacco products. Saudi Arabia, in addition, imposed the value added tax. This led to sharp price increases and less affordability in all the countries. In 2020, the affordability index in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries ranged from 1.3% in Kuwait to 3.8% in Saudi Arabia. However, affordability was still higher in these countries than in the rest of the world.
Conclusion: Despite the progress made on tobacco tax reform in the 3 countries, affordability was higher than in other countries, indicating the need for improvements. The tobacco tax system has some weaknesses that need to be addressed in future reforms, for example, the lack of systematic data collection and management systems and the disconnect between the health, tax economics, research, and policy experts.
The impact of tobacco consumption on household catastrophic health expenditure in Türkiye
Authors: Saraçoğlu Sıtkıcan , Başar Dilek , Öztürk Selcen
Published: December 2024

Background: Understanding the financial burden of smoking on households is crucial for developing effective strategies and policies to reduce smoking and mitigate its impact on household health. Aim: To investigate the relationship between smoking and catastrophic health expenditure in Türkiye.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used microdata from household budget surveys conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute in 2015 and 2019. The data included the socioeconomic characteristics, income levels and consumption patterns of various goods and services by individuals and households. We used the pooled logit model to analyse the factors influencing household catastrophic health expenditure, focusing on the smoking status of households.
Results: The presence of a smoker in a household, an uninsured person, a disabled or ill member, and members with higher education were significant positive predictors of catastrophic health expenditure, while being poor, working and having school-aged children were significant negative predictors. Smokers within the household were the foremost contributors to the probability of catastrophic health expenditure, with a coefficient of 0.4101 and marginal effect of 7.94%.
Conclusion: This study highlights the need for comprehensive tobacco control measures that analyse and use critical information from the interactions between public health and economic stability to reduce tobacco consumption and the associated financial burdens on households.
Taxing tobacco as a strategy to reduce consumption and increase public health benefits in Pakistan
Authors: Aziz Namra , Almas Aysha , Mahmood Tariq , Bloomfield Gerald S. , Samad Zainab
Published: December 2024

Background: Tobacco consumption poses a significant challenge to global health and contributes to the increase in noncommunicable diseases and premature deaths.
Aim: To investigate the potential impact of a 70% tobacco tax on consumption and government revenue in Pakistan.
Methods: We analysed secondary data from 2011 to 2022 (after imposition of a 70% excise tax) from the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Pakistan Social and Living Standard Survey, financial yearbooks and Federal Board of Revenue reports for tobacco consumption and government revenue. Variables included tobacco price inflation, per capita income, cigarette price, federal excise duty, and government revenue.
Results: The higher taxes reduced tobacco production by PKR 3.72 billion (≈US$ 13.4 million). Price elasticity analysis indicated an inelastic demand for cigarettes, mostly among the rural populations. Imposition of excise duty of 70% of the retail price caused a decrease in government revenue by PKR 390 million (≈US$ 1.4 million).
Conclusion: Implementing 70% taxation on tobacco products is beneficial, however, to fully realize its benefit, there is a need for strict regulation on brand shifting and illegal trade.
Development of a policy brief to reform waterpipe tobacco taxation in Egypt
Authors: Mostafa Aya
Published: December 2024

Background: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in Egypt, although there are several interventions to reduce its use.
Aim: To describe the development of a policy brief to reform waterpipe tobacco taxation in Egypt.
Methods: During 2019–2022, we synthesized available literature evidence on waterpipe tobacco taxation in Egypt and other countries. We then held a policy dialogue to engage various stakeholders to discuss and finalize a draft policy brief for Egypt.
Results: The policy brief proposes 3 elements for improving waterpipe tobacco taxation in Egypt: establishinevidence-informedrm for national data on waterpipe tobacco economics; modelling the economic and public health benefits of an improved waterpipe tobacco taxation system; and raising waterpipe tobacco tax level and reforming the taxation structure.
Conclusion: Application of the knowledge-to-policy translation framework was instrumental in bridging the gap between evidence synthesis and political framing for the policy brief. More effort should be made to strengthen evidence informed policymaking, particularly in settings where tobacco control governance is fragmented and tax policies are applied inconsistently.
Sağlık Sektöründe Paylaşım Ekonomisinin Çeşitliliği: Uygulamalar ve İncelemeler
Authors: Korkmaz Sezer , Tombak Dizili Feyziye
Published: December 2024

Paylaşım ekonomisi, insanların sahip olma ihtiyacı duymadan ürün ve/veya hizmetlere daha fazla erişime sahip olma durumu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sahiplikten erişime bu geçiş, önemli sosyal, ekonomik ve çevresel faydalar sunmaktadır. Sağlık bakım kaynaklarının kıtlığı, dünya çapında yaşlanan nüfusla birlikte uzun süredir devam eden küresel bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu kıtlığı gidermeye yönelik olası yaklaşımlar sağlık sektöründe paylaşım ekonomisi modelinin uygulanmasını beraberinde getirmiştir. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte sağlık sektöründe yeni paylaşım ekonomisi örneklerini görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışma ile paylaşım ekonomisinin sağlık sektörüne yansımaları bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alınarak örneklerle açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Sağlık sektöründe paylaşım ekonomisinin çeşitli etkilerine değinilerek sağladığı faydaların yanı sıra karşılaşılan zorluklar ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla, çeşitli veri tabanları taranarak paylaşım ekonomisinin sağlık sektöründe nasıl uygulanabileceğine dair bir çerçeve sunulmaktadır.
Efecto de la humedad y presión en propiedades físicas funcionales en kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) por expansión
Authors: Gallegos Rojas Justo , Canaza Cayo Ali William , Gallegos Rojas Edgar , Gallegos Rojas Vidal
Published: December 2024

Los polifenoles y su capacidad antioxidante en alimentos procesados desempeñan un papel crucial en la prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades. Se evaluó el efecto de la humedad y presión en dos variedades de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus): Oscar Blanco e INIA-414. Los polifenoles fueron cuantificados mediante el método Folin-Ciocalteu, mientras que la actividad antioxidante se evaluó mediante el método DPPH. Se empleó el diseño completo al azar (DCA) con arreglo factorial 2x2x2, con 3 repeticiones, para analizar los efectos simples y interacciones entre variedades, humedad y presión. Los resultados revelaron que la variedad INIA-414 mostró superioridad significativa a Oscar Blanco (15 % de H° 160 lb/pulg.2), (4.0 vs 3.91), (3.99 vs 3.66). La capacidad de expansión INIA-414 es superior a Oscar Blanco (15 % de H° 160 lb/pulg.2), (81.6 vs 75.4), (80.7 vs 74.6 %). Densidad aparente, INIA-414 supera a Oscar Blanco (0.079 vs 0.077 gr/cm3) (15 % de H° 160 lb/pulg.2), INIA-414 destaca a Oscar Blanco (0.091 vs 0.085 gr/cm3) (14 % de H° 140 lb/pulg.2), (H × P) (15 % de H° 160 lb/pulg.2) INIA-414 predomina a Oscar Blanco (0.073 vs 0.065 gr/cm3). Polifenoles totales, INIA-414 supera a Oscar Blanco (56.8 vs 54.2 Eq Ac. Gálico mg/100g) (15 % de H° 160 lb/pulg.2). concluyendo que la capacidad antioxidante, INIA-414 sobrepasa a Oscar Blanco (17.2 vs 14.9 Trolox IC50 mg/g) (15 % H° 140 lb/pulg.2). INIA-414 destaca en (IE), (CEXP) y densidad aparente a Oscar Blanco, por tanto los compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante INIA-414 es superior a Oscar Blanco.
A CASE STUDY ON TRIPLE TALAQ AND STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDIA
Authors: Tomar Ekta
Published: December 2024

This case study explores the practice of Triple Talaq (instant divorce) and its implications on the status of women in India. Triple Talaq, the practice where a Muslim man could divorce his wife by pronouncing the word "talaq" three times, has been a subject of intense legal, social, and political debate in India. The case study delves into the historical background, legal battles, and societal impacts of Triple Talaq, with a focus on its consequences for women’s rights, their social standing, and their economic empowerment. The study examines the role of Indian law in protecting women's rights, and it highlights the landmark judgment by the Indian Supreme Court that declared Triple Talaq unconstitutional in 2017. The analysis further sheds light on the broader implications of gender equality in India and the need for progressive reforms to ensure the empowerment and equal treatment of women in society.