bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of non-equilibrium boundary conditions considering sliding friction for micro/nano flows
Authors: Assam Ashwani , Kalkote Nikhil , Dongari Nishanth , Eswaran Vinayak
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Accurate prediction of temperature and heat is crucial for the design of various nano/micro devices in engineering. Recently, investigation has been carried out for calculating the heat flux of gas flow using the concept of sliding friction because of the slip velocity at the surface. The purpose of this study is to exetend the concept of sliding friction for various types of nano/micro flows.

Design/methodology/approach

A new type of Smoluchowski temperature jump considering the viscous heat generation (sliding friction) has recently been proposed (Le and Vu, 2016b) as an alternative jump condition for the prediction of the surface gas temperature at solid interfaces for high-speed non-equilibrium gas flows. This paper investigated the proposed jump condition for the nano/microflows which has not been done earlier using four cases: 90° bend microchannel pressure-driven flow, nanochannel backward facing step with a pressure-driven flow, nanoscale flat plate and NACA 0012 micro-airfoil. The results are compared with the available direct simulation Monte Carlo results. Also, this paper has demonstrated low-speed preconditioned density-based algorithm for the rarefied gas flows. The algorithm captured even very low Mach numbers of 2.12 × 10−5.

Findings

Based on this study, this paper concludes that the effect of inclusion of sliding friction in improving the thermodynamic prediction is case-dependent. It is shown that its performance depends not only on the slip velocity at the surface but also on the mean free path of the gas molecule and the shear stress at the surface. A pressure jump condition was used along with the new temperature jump condition and it has been found to often improve the prediction of surface flow properties significantly.

Originality/value

This paper extends the concept of using sliding friction at the wall for micro/nano flows. The pressure jump condition was used which has been generally ignored by researchers and has been found to often improve the prediction of surface flow properties. Different flow properties have been studied at the wall apart from only temperature and heat flux, which was not done earlier.
Analysis of double diffusion natural convection in an enclosure filled with alumina water nanofluid using Buongioro's two phase model
Authors: Natesan Saritha , Arumugam Senthil Kumar
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to apply Buongiorno’s two phase model to analyse double diffusion natural convection in a square enclosure filled with nanofluids.

Design/methodology/approach

A computational code based on the SIMPLE algorithm and finite volume method is used to solve the non-dimensional governing equations.

Findings

The nanoparticle plays a crucial role when thermal and solutal buoyancy forces are equal and opposing.

Originality/value

This is the first paper to apply Buongiorno’s two phase model for double diffusion natural convection in enclosures filled with nanofluids.
Energetic-exergetic analysis of an air handling unit to reduce energy consumption by a novel creative idea
Authors: Yari Meysam , Kalbasi Rasool , Talebizadehsardari Pouyan
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This study aims to simulate the flow and heat transfer through an air handling unit to reduce its energy consumption by a novel creative idea of using an air-to-air heat exchanger.

Design/methodology/approach

To do this, both first and second laws of thermodynamics energy and exergy balance equations were solved numerically by an appropriate developed computer code.

Findings

Using the air-to-air heat exchanger in dry conditions decreases the cooling coil load by 0.9 per cent, whereas the reduction for humid conditions is 27 per cent. Similarly, using air-to-air heat exchanger leads to an increase in the first law of efficiency in dry and humid conditions by 0.9 per cent and 36.8 per cent, respectively.

Originality/value

The second law of efficiency increases by 1.55 per cent and 2.77 per cent in dry and humid conditions, respectively. In other words, the effect of using an air-to-air heat exchanger in humid conditions is more than that in dry conditions.
Strategic behavioral pricing of the private residential development market – a simplified experimental approach
Authors: Ho David Kim Hin , Hui Eddie C.M. , Ho Tai Wing , Rengarajan Satyanarain
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the behavior of “rational” residential developers, under game theory, for their pricing strategy in a competitive environment.

Design/methodology/approach

Results show that residential developers cooperate implicitly for long-term benefit, leading to a slow-down in sales. Developers are motivated to deviate from cooperating at the beginning and at the end of successive periods in a sub-market. Relatively high profits, earnable in the first few periods, provide an allowance to undercut prices and improve sales. For the last few periods, the punishment for any deviation from cooperating is insignificant or zero. Note that the first-mover advantage in a new market is evident. On the effect of uncertainty on the developer’s residential prices, results show that as uncertainty increases, prices decrease while price variability increases.

Research limitations/implications

This study highlights the merits of a uniquely simplified experimental research design for the strategic behavioral pricing of the private residential development market using a game theoretic approach.

Practical implications

This study enhances the understanding of the residential development strategy of developers in the residential development market.

Originality/value

There is limited research on pricing strategy for the private residential development market in Asia.
Typology of practices for managing consumer returns in internet retailing
Authors: Hjort Klas , Hellström Daniel , Karlsson Stefan , Oghazi Pejvak
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore, describe and categorise practices of managing product returns empirically in internet retailing.

Design/methodology/approach

A multiple case study was conducted involving 12 e-commerce firms and 4 logistics service providers. An integrative data collection approach of semi-structured interviews, documentation and observations was used to gain comprehensive managerial and operational descriptions of returns management (RM) processes.

Findings

The findings show inconsistent RM processes, with a plethora of practices implemented and organised differently across firms. RM processes are ambiguous; their design is a result of incremental changes over time, lacking strategy and goals. There is a mismatch between how they are described and understood in the literature and how they are actually used. Practices in gatekeeping, avoidance and reverse logistics are defined and categorised. These serve as a typology of practices for managers to (re)consider, along with 15 propositions on how RM is practised.

Research limitations/implications

The range of RM practices and the processes reflect a lack of scholarly attention and strategic view. Research is needed to develop clear goals on how the RM process can be better aligned with business strategies.

Practical implications

The typology of practices is a benchmark for internet retailers in their design of efficient RM processes.

Originality/value

Systematic and empirical research on RM is scarce compared to forward management. The study bridges this gap as one of the first to describe RM practices in depth, define service as a key activity, and identify a mismatch between theory and practice.
Does rivalry matter? An analysis of sport consumer interest on social media
Authors: Watanabe Nicholas Masafumi , Pegoraro Ann , Yan Grace , Shapiro Stephen L.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Previous research on rivalry games in sport has predominantly focused on understanding the nature of these games and their effects on consumer behavior. As such, the purpose of this paper is to conduct an empirical examination to provide better theoretical and empirical understanding of how rivalries may impact the posting of content online.

Design/methodology/approach

This research utilizes Twitter data measuring the number of posts by individuals about college football teams to model how often fans create content during game days. The models in this study were estimated using fixed-effects panel regressions.

Findings

After controlling for a number of factors, including the type of rivalry game, results indicate fans post more during traditional rivalries. Furthermore, newer rivalry games had less impact on the amount of content posted about a team.

Practical implications

The findings from this research provide sport marketers with important information regarding fan use of digital platforms. Notably, the results suggest rivalries can help to boost the volume of content individuals post about a team, indicating these games provide teams with an opportunity to maximize their engagement with fans and focus on key marketing objectives.

Originality/value

To date, there has been little examination considering whether rivalries affect behaviors in the digital realm. Therefore, the current investigation is one of the first studies to examine how rivalries impact social media behavior.
Dynamic service composition in enterprise cloud bus architecture
Authors: Khan Gitosree , Sengupta Sabnam , Sarkar Anirban
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Service composition phenomenon based on non-scenario aspects are become the latest issues in enterprise software applications of the multi-cloud environment due to the phenomenal increase in a number of Web services. The traditional service composition patterns are hard to support the dynamic, flexible and autonomous service composition in the inter-cloud platform. To address this problem, this paper aims to describe a dynamic service composition framework (SCF) that is enriched with various structural and functional aspects of composition patterns in a cloud computing environment. The proposed methodology helps to integrate various heterogeneous cloud services dynamically to acquire an optimal and novel enterprise solution for delivering the service to the end-users automatically.

Design/methodology/approach

SCF and different composition patterns have been used to compose the services present in the inter-cloud architecture of the multi-agent-based system. Further, the proposed dynamic service composition algorithm is illustrated using a hybrid approach, where service are chosen according to various needs of quality of service parameters. Besides, a priority-based service scheduling algorithm is proposed that facilitates the automation of delivering cloud service optimally.

Findings

The proposed framework is capable of composing the heterogeneous service and facilitate the structural and functional aspects of service composition process in enterprise cloud-based applications in terms of flexibility, scalability, integrity and dynamicity of the cloud bus. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it helps to minimize the execution cost, processing time and get better success rate in delivering the service as per customer’s need.

Originality/value

The novelty of the proposed architecture coordinates cloud participants, automate service discovery pattern, reconfigure scheduled services and focus on aggregating a composite services in inter-cloud environments. Besides, the proposed framework supported several non-functional characteristics such as robustness, flexibility, dynamicity, scalability and reliability of the system.
A method to assist in the proper management of rule bases in Web information systems
Authors: Boujelben Abir , Amous Ikram
Published: August 2019

Purpose

One key issue of maintaining Web information systems is to guarantee the consistency of their knowledge base, in particular, the rules governing them. There are currently few methods that can ensure that rule bases management can scale to the amount of knowledge in these systems environment.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors propose a method to detect correct dependencies between rules. This work represents a preliminary step for a proposal to eliminate rule base anomalies. The authors previously developed a method that aimed to ameliorate the extraction of rules dependency relationships using a new technique. In this paper, they extend the proposal with other techniques to increase the number of extracted rules dependency relationships. The authors also add some modules to filter and represent them.

Findings

The authors evaluated their own method against other semantic methods. The results show that this work succeeded in extracting better numbers of correct rules dependency relationships. They also noticed that the rule groups deduced from this method’s results are very close to those provided by the rule bases developers.

Originality/value

This work can be applied to knowledge bases that include a fact base and a rule base. In addition, it is independent of the field of application.
Tribological properties of FeS/Cu-Bi copper-based bearing materials fabricated by mechanical alloying
Authors: Yin Yanguo , Li Rongrong , Zhang Guotao , Zhang Kaiyuan , Ding Shuguang , Chen Qi
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to fabricate a FeS/Cu-Bi copper-based lead-free bearing material to maintain good friction-reducing and anti-adhesive properties under boundary lubrication conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

The materials were fabricated by mechanical alloying and powder metallurgy and tested under dry friction conditions using HDM-20 wear tester.

Findings

The results show that mechanical alloying can improve the antifriction and wear resistance of the materials. The 6 per cent FeS and 6 per cent Bi in the copper-based bearing materials fabricated by mechanical alloying have a better synergism which contributes to the friction and wear properties of copper matrix.

Originality/value

This new approach solves the problems of Bi and FeS mutual segmentation, mutual agglomeration and poor interface bonding.
Comparing the corrosion protection performance of graphene nanosheets and graphene quantum dots as nanofiller in epoxy coatings
Authors: Pourhashem Sepideh , Rashidi Alimorad , Vaezi Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2019

Purpose

In this research, the effect of graphene nanosheets and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as carbon-based nanofillers on corrosion protection performance of epoxy coatings is considered.

Design/methodology/approach

Graphene nanosheets are synthesized via chemical vapor deposition method, and GQDs are synthesized by a simple and gram scale procedure from carbon black. The prepared nanofillers are characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Further, solvent-based epoxy coatings containing 0.1 Wt.% graphene nanosheets and GQDs are prepared, and the corrosion resistance of nanocomposite coatings is considered by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Findings

The results indicate that both epoxy/graphene nanosheets and epoxy/GQDs samples have significantly higher corrosion resistance than pure epoxy coating. Meanwhile, GQDs can more effectively enhance the corrosion protection performance of epoxy coatings compared to graphene sheets, which can be attributed to the presence of functional groups on GQDs and improving the dispersion quality in polymer matrice.

Originality/value

In this research, for the first time, the graphene quantum dots (GQDs) prepared by a “top-down” method from carbon black are used as nanofiller in epoxy coatings, and the potential application of graphene nanosheets and GQDs as anti-corrosion nanofiller in epoxy coatings is investigated.
Analysis of oxide wear debris using ferrography image segmentation
Authors: Peng Peng , Wang Jiugen
Published: August 2019

Purpose

It is a challenging task to analysis oxide wear particles when they are stuck together with other types of wear particles in complex ferrography images. Hence, this paper aims to propose a method of ferrography image segmentation to analysis oxide wear debris in complex ferrography images.

Design/methodology/approach

First, ferrography images are segmented with watershed transform. Then, two region merging rules are proposed to improve the initial segmentation results. Finally, the features of each particle are extracted to detect and assess the oxide wear particles.

Findings

The results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods of ferrography image segmentation, and the overlapping wear particles in complex ferrography images can be well separated. Moreover, the features of each separated wear particles can be easily extracted to analysis the oxide wear particles.

Practical implications

The proposed method provides a useful approach for the automatic detection and assessment of oxide wear particles in complex ferrography images.

Originality/value

The colours, edges and position information of wear debris are considered in the proposed method to improve the segmentation result. Moreover, the proposed method can not only detect oxide wear particles in ferrography images but also evaluate oxide wear severity in ferrography images.
Engaging with TV events on Twitter
Authors: Segijn Claire Monique , Maslowska Ewa , Araujo Theo , Viswanathan Vijay
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the interrelationship between television (TV) consumption (viewing ratings), engagement behaviors of different actors on Twitter (TV programs, media, celebrities and viewers) and the content of engagement behaviors (affective, program-related and social content).

Design/methodology/approach

TV ratings and Twitter data were obtained. The content of tweets was analyzed by means of a sentiment analysis. A vector auto regression model was used to understand the interrelationship between tweets of different actors and TV consumption.

Findings

First, the results showed a negative interrelationship between TV viewing and viewers’ tweeting behavior. Second, tweets by celebrities and media exhibited similar patterns and were both affected mostly by the number of tweets by viewers. Finally, the content of tweets matters. Affective tweets positively relate to TV viewing, and program-related and social content positively relates to the number of tweets by viewers.

Research limitations/implications

The findings help us understand the online engagement ecosystem and provide insights into drivers of TV consumption and online engagement of different actors.

Practical implications

The results indicate that content producers may want to focus on stimulating affective conversations on Twitter to trigger more online and offline engagement. The results also call for rethinking the meaning of TV metrics.

Originality/value

While some studies have explored viewer interactions on Twitter, only a few studies have looked at the effects of such interactions on variables outside of social media, such as TV consumption. Moreover, the authors study the interrelations between Twitter interactions with TV consumption, which allows us to examine the effect of online engagement on offline behaviors and vice versa. Finally, the authors take different actors into account when studying real-life online engagement.
A coupled and indirectly self-adaptive under-actuated hand with double-linkage-slider mechanism
Authors: Liu Siyun , Zhang Wenzeng , Sun Jie
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Underactuated fingers are adapted to generate several grasping modes for different tasks, and coupled fingers and self-adaptive fingers are two important types of them. Aiming to expand the application and increase adaptability of robotic hand, this paper aims to propose a novel grasping model, called coupled and indirectly self-adaptive (CISA) grasping model, which is the combination of coupled finger and indirectly self-adaptive finger.

Design/methodology/approach

CISA grasping process includes two stages: first, coupled and then indirectly self-adaptive grasping; thus, it is not only integrated with the good pinching ability of coupled finger but also characterized with the high flexibility of indirectly self-adaptive finger. Furthermore, a CISA hand with linkage-slider, called CISA-LS hand, is designed based on the CISA grasping model, consisting of 1 palm, 5 CISA-LS fingers and 14 degrees of freedom.

Findings

To research the grasping behavior of CISA-LS hand, kinematic analysis, dynamic analysis and force analysis of 2-joint CISA-LS finger are performed. Results of grasping experiments for different objects demonstrate the high reliability and stability of CISA-LS hand.

Originality/value

CISA fingers integrate two grasping modes, coupled grasping and indirectly self-adaptive grasping, into one finger. And a double-linkage-slider mechanism is designed as the switch device.
Missing entrepreneurs
Authors: Aleksandrova Ekaterina , Gerry Christopher J. , Verkhovskaya Olga
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Compared with other emerging and former command economies, Russia has low levels of entrepreneurial activity and exceptionally low levels of reported entrepreneurial intentions. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), this paper aims to examine the determinants of entrepreneurial intentions in Russia.

Design/methodology/approach

Using individual level data from two waves (2013 and 2018) of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey, the paper presents a range of semi-nonparametric logistic regressions estimating the determinants of reported entrepreneurial intention among the Russian adult population not already engaged in entrepreneurial activity. These data allow for the first empirical exploration of the TPB in the Russian context.

Findings

The results provide evidence in support of two (“attitudes” and “perceived behavioural control”), from three, origins of the theory of planned behaviour. Firstly, positive attitudes towards entrepreneurship, in the form of employment seeking and direct (own experience) or indirect (experience through social networks) entrepreneurial knowledge are both positively associated with intention. Secondly, individuals who consider their environment to be conducive to entrepreneurship and who believe they have the knowledge and skills required to be entrepreneurs are more likely to intend entrepreneurial action.

Originality/value

In view of the limited entrepreneurial activity and low levels of reported entrepreneurial intention in Russia, it is important to understand the drivers of these intentions if the appropriate policy responses are to be identified and adopted. This research represents the first substantive efforts to comprehensively examine the determinants of entrepreneurial intentions for Russia and allows us to propose several policy relevant conclusions.
Spatial analysis of Twitter sentiment and district-level housing prices
Authors: Hannum Christopher , Arslanli Kerem Yavuz , Kalay Ali Furkan
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Studies have shown a correlation and predictive impact of sentiment on asset prices, including Twitter sentiment on markets and individual stocks. This paper aims to determine whether there exists such a correlation between Twitter sentiment and property prices.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors construct district-level sentiment indices for every district of Istanbul using a dictionary-based polarity scoring method applied to a data set of 1.7 million original tweets that mention one or more of those districts. The authors apply a spatial lag model to estimate the relationship between Twitter sentiment regarding a district and housing prices or housing price appreciation in that district.

Findings

The findings indicate a significant but negative correlation between Twitter sentiment and property prices and price appreciation. However, the percentage of check-in tweets is found to be positively correlated with prices and price appreciation.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis is cross-sectional, and therefore, unable to answer the question of whether Twitter can Granger-cause changes in housing markets. Future research should focus on creation of a property-focused lexicon and panel analysis over a longer time horizon.

Practical implications

The findings suggest a role for Twitter-derived sentiment in predictive models for local variation in property prices as it can be observed in real time.

Originality/value

This is the first study to analyze the link between sentiment measures derived from Twitter, rather than surveys or news media, on property prices.
Nudging physical activity in offices
Authors: Van der Meiden Iris , Kok Herman , Van der Velde Gerben
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate whether and why nudging interventions in an office environment are effective to stimulate stair use of employees.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on a pre-test/post-test case study design at the headquarters of a Dutch online retailer. Observations were conducted to test the impact of two nudge interventions, being footprints and posters, on employees’ stair use in two consecutive pre-test/post-test weeks. An online survey questionnaire was used to assess employees’ overall experience with the nudging interventions after the fifth and again neutral week.

Findings

A total of 14,357 observations were recorded during five weeks. This research shows that footprints as nudging intervention significantly increase stair use of employees, and after removal, significantly decrease stair use again. Moreover, footprints were more effective than posters, of which the latter did not impact stair use significantly. Results from the survey questionnaire, completed by 46.2 per cent of the employees, showed that, in terms of degree of perception, footprints (91.4 per cent) were more noticeable than posters (46.3 per cent).

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the non-conclusive research regarding the effectiveness of nudging interventions on stair use in office environments. It clearly shows that perceptibility in combination with a positive attitude towards the nudge leads to a higher degree of initial behavioural change, yet not to a change of mind.
An evaluation of property tax base in Nairobi city
Authors: Nyabwengi Lucy M. , K’Akumu Owiti A
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate the property tax base under the local government property taxation in Nairobi City and its implication on revenue adequacy of the city. Nairobi has grown both in population and in physical extent resulting to increased demand for urban services. The city faces challenges of adequate infrastructure service provision against increasing demand. Property taxation if fully exploited can be a major source of city government revenue, which has been dwindling.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature review of property tax bases in the world and examination of best practices was done to highlight the inadequacies of property tax base administration in Nairobi. Primary data were gathered through interviews of officers in Nairobi City involved in the land rating process. Secondary data were obtained through documentary search and field survey of the study area.

Findings

The study established that Nairobi relies on a dual system of taxation, namely, site value rating and area rating. Tax is on vacant land only and excludes improvements. There are many legal exemptions and administrative exclusions from the tax base. The property tax registers do not include all the taxable properties and there is no regular updating of the tax registers. Nairobi relies on an outdated valuation roll whose values have no relation to the current market values.

Research limitations/implications

These factors have resulted to a narrow tax base, which affects the revenue potential of the city and its ability to adequately provide infrastructure services.

Originality/value

This is an original research, which relied mainly on primary data. To establish the property tax bases and the exempt properties in Nairobi, the researchers interviewed the officers at the Nairobi city land valuation and property management directorate using structured questionnaires. To address the third objective on whether the property tax base is complete and all-inclusive, the research relied on primary data. The research population was residential properties in Buruburu, Kilimani and Riruta areas of Nairobi city. The sample data on property details were collected from the Ministry of Land and Physical Planning (MLPP). The researchers then examined the records at the Nairobi City to evaluate whether the properties, which are registered at the MLPP, are charged land rates at the city level and at what amounts. This included properties under site value rating and area rating.
Preferred leadership styles by gender
Authors: Miranda Sophia Raquel
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent there were gender differences in leadership styles shown by leaders in mental health organizations (MHOs) in North Carolina, as expressed through transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership attributes.

Design/methodology/approach

The author used a quantitative, causal-comparative analysis to test the hypothesis.

Findings

A series oft-tests were conducted to determine if significant differences existed between genders and leadership attributes of MHO leaders. The results revealed no significant gender differences in leadership styles of MHO leaders.

Research limitations/implications

One implication was the convenience nature of this sample affected the internal validity of this study, since these findings may not accurately reflect the leadership styles in the target population. The second implication is the sample size’s effect on the external validity, as the results cannot be extrapolated from a nonrandom sample to the target population. The consequence of using a smaller then necessary convenience sample is decreased analytical power or ability to identify small-size effects of gender that in a larger sample might have been statistically significant.

Originality/value

Due to the scarcity of studies regarding gender differences in leadership styles in MHOs, this study examined this area to fill the gap in the research field.
No children, no DSS, no students: online adverts and “property guardianship”
Authors: Meers Jed , Hunter Caroline
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Those seeking a new place to live – especially in the private rented sector – now head online to do so. The platforms they use and adverts they see are an important source of information about the properties they will occupy and how their owners’ seek to project them. This paper aims to argue for the importance of property adverts as a source of data, using “property guardianship” to illustrate the value in the approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The study draws on an analysis of 503 advertisements published on SpareRoom.co.uk – a leading property search engine – in July 2018.

Findings

The authors put forward four key areas of findings. The first two look at legal understanding, dealing with the context, the advertisement provides for eventual occupation (the “process of construction”) and any indications they provide of legal elements of occupation (“diagnostics”). The final two deal with the broader positioning of the sector, analysing the practice of excluding prospective occupiers, such as the widespread inclusion of “no Department of Social Security” seen elsewhere in the private rented sector, and how the adverts project a certain lifestyle to their viewer.

Research limitations/implications

The findings demonstrate that further research into property advertisements would be valuable, particularly into other sub-markets in the private-rented sector, such as student accommodation and “professional” lets.

Originality/value

This study is the only analysis of property guardian advertisements and the first dedicated study of private rented sector advertisements in the UK.
Historic buildings and the creation of experiencescapes: looking to the past for future success
Authors: Tresidder Richard , Deakin Emmie Louise
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the role that the creative re-use of historic buildings can play in the future development of the experiences economy. The aesthetic attributes and the imbued historic connotation associated with the building help create unique and extraordinary “experiencescapes” within the contemporary tourism and hospitality industries.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper provides a conceptual insight into the creative re-use of historic buildings in the tourism and hospitality sectors, the work draws on two examples of re-use in the UK.

Findings

This work demonstrates how the creative re-use of historic buildings can help create experiences that are differentiated from the mainstream hospitality experiences. It also identifies that it adds an addition unquantifiable element that enables the shift to take place from servicescape to experiencescape.

Originality/value

There has been an ongoing debate as to the significance of heritage in hospitality and tourism. However, this paper provides an insight into how the practical re-use of buildings can help companies both benefit from and contribute to the experiences economy.
Dietary patterns and nutrients associated with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Tayyem Reema , Al-Qawasmeh Rawan , Khawaja Nahla
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to evaluate macro- and micronutrient intake among Jordanian adults who have metabolic syndrome (MetS) and those MetS-free.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 154 Jordanian adults aged 20-55 years were enrolled from The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics in this case control study. In total, 77 newly diagnosed cases of MetS and 77 controls were recruited and matched by age and sex. Dietary data were collected by face-to-face interview using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

Findings

After adjustment of the energy intake and macronutrients, the cases reported significantly higher intake of the amount of protein (p < 0.001), carbohydrates (p < 0.001), fiber (p < 0.001), sugar (p < 0.001), fat (p < 0.001), saturated fat (p < 0.001), monounsaturated (p < 0.001), polyunsaturated (p < 0.001), trans-fat (p < 0.029), omega-3 (p < 0.001) and omega-6 (p < 0.001) as compared to the controls. The results also showed that the intake of some micronutrients was significantly higher among cases when compared to the controls. In this study, three dietary patterns have been itemized; “fast food dietary pattern”, “Mediterranean dietary pattern” and “high-protein dietary pattern”. Only a direct significant trend between MetS and fast food pattern was detected (p-trend = 0.001). Neither significant associations nor trends were detected in the Mediterranean and high-protein patterns with MetS risk.

Originality/value

The study findings highlighted the presence of associations between fast food dietary pattern, total energy and some macro- and micronutrients intake and the risk of MetS among population living in the Middle East. Even though the findings of this study bridge the gap between theory and practice, a large scale population-based study is warranted to confirm these findings.
Bridge employment and full retirement intentions: the role of person-environment fit
Authors: Lahlouh Khaled , Lacaze Delphine , Huaman-Ramirez Richard
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between different categories of person–environment (P–E) fit and two types of retirement intentions (i.e. full retirement and bridge employment).

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from a convenience sample of 357 executives aged 50 and over, employed in French private sector companies. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.

Findings

Perceptions of value congruence at vocational level and needs and supplies fit at organizational and job levels were positively related to the intention to hold bridge employment after retirement. The fit between older worker’s abilities and job demands was positively related to the two types of retirement intentions.

Originality/value

The complexity of retirement transition is taken into account with the introduction of two types of retirement intentions. P–E fit is shown to be an antecedent of career intentions after retirement.
Assessment of geometrical defects caused by thermal distortions in laser-beam-melting additive manufacturing: a simulation approach
Authors: Douellou Corentin , Balandraud Xavier , Duc Emmanuel
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop a numerical approach inspired by Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) standards for the assessment of geometrical defects appearing during Additive Manufacturing (AM) by Laser Beam Melting (LBM).

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on finite element (FE) simulations of thermal distortions, then an assessment of flatness defects (warping induced by the high-residual stresses appearing during the manufacturing) from the deformed surfaces provided by simulation, and finally the correction of the calculated flatness defects from preliminary comparison between simulated and experimental data.

Findings

For an elementary geometrical feature (a wall), it was possible to identify the variation in the flatness defect as a function of the dimensions. For a complex geometry exhibiting a significant flatness defect, it was possible to improve the geometric quality using the numerical tool.

Research limitations/implications

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this work is the first attempt using a numerical approach inspired by GPS standards to identify variations in thermal distortions caused by LBM, which is an initial step toward optimization. This paper is mainly focused on flatness defect assessment, even though the approach is potentially applicable for all types of geometrical defects (shape, orientation or position defects).

Practical implications

The study opens prospects for the optimization of complex parts elaborated using LBM, based on the minimization of the geometric defects caused by thermal distortions.

Social implications

The prospects in terms of shape optimization will extend the potential to benefit from the new possibilities offered by LBM additive manufacturing.

Originality/value

Unlike the usual approach, the proposed methodology does not require any artifacts or comparisons with the computer-aided-design (CAD) model for geometrical distortion assessment. The present approach opens up the possibility of performing metrology from FE simulation results, which is particularly promising in the AM field.
Insights into fabrication mechanism of pure copper thin wall components by selective infrared laser melting
Authors: Guan Jieren , Zhang Xiaowei , Jiang Yehua , Yan Yongnian
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This study aims to obtain the mechanistic insights for the fabrication of pure copper thin wall components by selective infrared (IR) laser melting (SLM) and correlated with microstructure development, microhardness, surface morphology and phase analysis. Experimental processes for single track and selection of substrate materials have been studied using a combination of different laser powers and scanning speeds.

Design/methodology/approach

SLM of pure copper was performed on a YONGNIAN Laser YLMS-120 SLM machine using an Nd: YAG fiber laser operating at 1,060 nm in the NIR region. Single-track experiments and processing parameters are investigated through different combinations of laser power and scanning speed. The microstructure of the fabricated pure copper samples by SLM technique was analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope equipped with energy disperse spectrometer, optical microscope (OM) and micro-hardness tester.

Findings

Steel-based substrates were found suitable for pure copper manufacturing due to sufficient heat accumulation. The width of a single track was determined by liner energy density, showing discontinuities and irregular morphologies at low laser powers and high scanning speeds. As a result of instability of the molten pool induced by Marangoni convection, cracks and cavities were observed to appear along grain boundaries in the microstructure. The top surface morphology of SLM-processed component showed a streamflow structure and irregular shapes. However, the powder particles attached to side surface, which manifest copper powders, are even more sensitive to melt pool of contour track. The crystal phase characteristics of copper components indicated increasing crystallite size of a-Cu, and the decreasing intensity of diffraction peak was attributed to the presence of defects during SLM. The maximum relative density and microhardness were 82 per cent and 61.48 HV0.2, respectively. The minimum thickness of a pure copper thin wall component was 0.2 mm.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrated the forming mechanism and explored feasibility of pure copper thin wall parts by SLM technology in the NIR region. The surface morphology, microstructure and crystal structure were preliminary studied with laser processing parameters.
Effect of multiple laser peening on surface integrity and microstructure of laser additive manufactured Ti6Al4V titanium alloy
Authors: Hu Yongxiang , Lai Mengqi , Hu Zonghao , Yao Zhenqiang
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Laser additive manufacturing is widely utilized to fabricate the Ti6Al4V alloy, but it requires post-processing to improve its performance. This paper aims to propose laser peening (LP) as an effective way to improve the surface characteristics of the Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated by direct laser deposition (DLD).

Design/methodology/approach

Surface integrity including surface roughness, porosity, residual stress and microhardness are investigated in detail before and after LP treatment. Microstructure evolution is characterized by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to analyze crystal phase, grain boundary misorientation and texture.

Findings

Multiple overlapping layers of LP treatment result in slight influence on the polished surface of DLD-built samples. Porosity measured by the Archimedes test is found to be greatly decreased after LP treatment. Compressive residual stresses are significantly induced, the magnitude of which is greatly increased by increasing layers of LP treatment. And, local weakening or enhancement of residual stress in depth is observed because of pore and inclusion defects in the DLD-built Ti6Al4V alloy. Favorable hardness property can be obtained after multiple overlapping layers of LP treatment. EBSD analysis shows that LP treatment with multiple layers can introduce a large amount of lower-angle boundaries, indicating that dislocations beneath the top surface could induce a strain-hardened layer. The microtexture of the DLD-built Ti6Al4V alloy cannot be eliminated to decrease the anisotropy of the mechanical property.

Research limitations/implications

The variation of porosity observed after LP inside the DLD-built Ti-Al-4V is attractive but requires more detailed work to analyze the evolution of pore geometry.

Practical implications

Surface treatment of an additive manufactured titanium alloy was carried out to improve its fatigue resistance.

Originality/value

This work is original in proposing LP as an effective post process for the surface treatment of an additive manufactured titanium alloy through analyzing the surface integrity and microstructure evolution.
Coupling control of pore size and spatial distribution in bone scaffolds based on a random strategy for additive manufacturing
Authors: Li Jingrong , Xu Zhijia , Wang Qinghui , Hu Guanghua , Wang Yingjun
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The three-dimensional porous scaffold is an important concept in tissue engineering and helps to restore or regenerate a damaged tissue. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology makes the production of custom-designed scaffolds possible. However, modeling scaffolds with intricate architecture and customized pore size and spatial distribution presents a challenge. This paper aims to achieve coupling control of pore size and spatial distribution in bone scaffolds for AM.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the proposed method assumes that pore size and spatial distribution have already been transformed from the requirements of scaffolds as inputs. Second, the structural characteristics of scaffolds are explicitly correlated with an all-hexahedron meshing method for scaffold design so that the average pore size could be controlled. Third, the highly coupled internal mesh vertices are adjusted based on a random strategy so that the pore size and spatial distribution conform to their respective desired values. Fourth, after the adjustment, the unit pore cell based on a triply periodic minimal surface was mapped into the hexahedrons through a shape function, thereby ensuring the interconnectivity of the porous scaffold.

Findings

The case studies of three bone scaffolds demonstrate that the proposed approach is feasible and effective to simultaneously control pore size and spatial distribution in porous scaffolds.

Practical implications

The proposed method may make it more flexible to design scaffolds with controllable internal pore architecture for AM.

Originality/value

In the control approach, the highly coupled mesh vertices are adjusted through a random strategy, which can determine the moving direction and range of a vertex dynamically and biasedly, thus ensuring the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.
“I am not getting your money”: boundary making and identities in immigrant economies in Hong Kong
Authors: Kwok K.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to explore how immigrant small business owners construct entrepreneurial identities by deploying strategies of boundary making in Hong Kong.

Design/methodology/approach

Conceptually, it departs from the theoretical discussions of immigrant economy and ethnic boundary making. The analyzes are based on qualitative data collected from in-depth interviews and participant observation primarily in the South Asian immigrant economies in Hong Kong in the period 2014-2017.

Findings

Four strategies of boundary work including blurring boundaries, inversion of boundaries, personal repositioning and reconfirming of boundaries are identified. They bring to light that small immigrant entrepreneurs in Hong Kong still encounter considerable obstacles in the process of social integration. Boundary work serves as strategies to release sentiments that would symbolically bring them closer to the mainstream society. Following the “city as context” framework (Brettell, 1999; Foner, 2007), this paper argues that the various boundary making strategies have been shaped by the legacies of racism, neoliberal governance of integration and urban work ethos highlighting problems and individual responsibilities in Hong Kong.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature of the immigrant economy and social integration. First, it sheds light on the role of symbolic meanings and non-economic gains of immigrant entrepreneurship in social integration. Second, it illuminates our understanding that immigrant economy can provide a channel for advancing and weakening social status, thus reminding us not to assume the path of social integration as a straightforward and positive one.