bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSSIBLE APPROACHES FOR MEASURING THE SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN MODERN UZBEK SOCIETY
Authors:   Head of the Department of Information Support for Sociological Research  Center for the Study of Public Opinion ", Bokun I. M. ,   Ijtimoiy Fikr"
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this article is an attempt to generalize modern empirical approaches for the measurement of social inequality in relation to Uzbekistan. Scientific approaches of Western and Russian scientists were used as primary materials.
DEVELOPMENT FEATURES OF FARMING AND WATER INDUSTRIES IN THE AREA OF CHIRCHIK RIVER UPSTREAM
Authors:   Senior Researcher  Institute for Forecasting and Macroeconomic Research, Kuziev K. F.
Published: November 2019

The article reviews the development features of farming, water and fishery industries in the upstream of Chirchik River in Bostanlik district. The study makes a particular emphasis on sustainable regional development of the farming industry, which is recognized as a distinctive feature of Bostanlik compared to the rest of Tashkent region. Moreover, it provides recommendations on the rational use of farming resources in view of ensuring a sustainable natural environment of the basin.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PERIA LAUT (Colubrina Asiatica L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DAN ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Fahdi Firdaus , Harwitavia Harwitavia , Sari Herviani
Published: November 2019

The discovery of new antibiotic drugs is getting more and more reactive. The plant of the peria laut leaf is one of the drugs that is often used as a traditional medicine and contains bioactive compounds of polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, which can inhibit antibacterial growth. Purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of peria laut leaves (Colubrina asiatica L.) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Method the experimental, of the sample used was concentrated marine peria laut leaf extract of 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 75mg/ml, 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml, 300mg/ml, 400mg/ml, and 500mg/ml, positive control of amoxicillin tablet 500 mg, negative control of dimethylsulfoxide with the method of disc diffusion testing using media Nutrient Agar. Results the showed thet the peria laut leaf extract positively contained bioactive alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins, and had inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Escgerichia coli bacteria with various concentrations which had been tested on the average area of the highest inhibition zone of 18,6 mm in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and 10,2 mm in Escherichia coli bacteria. Conclusion peria laut leaf extract (Colubrina asiatica L.) has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in the most inhibitory zone at a concentration of 500mg/ml with a diameter of 18,6 in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and 10,2 in Escherichia coli.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.) dan KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) pada TIKUS JANTAN PUTIH SEBAGAI HEWAN PERCOBAAN
Authors: Sari Herviani , Kaban Vera Estefania , Situmorang Friska Raulina , Fahdi Firdaus
Published: November 2019

Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by the body's inability to produce the hormone insulin or due to ineffective use of insulin production. Diabetes has become a global problem, DM prevalence of 4.6%, estimated in 2000 amounted to 5.6 million. One of the plants that can reduce blood glucose levels is meniran and rosella which are found in Indonesia. Objective : To determine the effect of decreasing blood glucose levels in white rats using a combination of meniran and rosella compared to glibenclamide.Method : This research was carried out experimentally. Simplicia of meniran leaves and rosella macerated using 80% ethanol. The research used 21 rats that were induced by alloxan and divided into 7 groups and all compared using glibenclamide.Group 1 (negative control) CMC Na 1%, group 2 (positive control) glibenclamide dose 0.45 mg / kgBB, group 3 single roselle extract dose 130 mg / kgBB, group 4 single meniran leaf extract dose 200 mg / kgBB, group 5 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 100 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose of 65 mg / kgBB, group 6 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 200 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose of 130 mg / kgBB, and group 7 meniran leaf extract combination dose 400 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose 195 mg / kgBB. Result : The results showed that rats had hyperglycemia after being induced by alloxan.Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA method followed by LSD and tukeys' B post hoct test. Having a difference in the decrease in blood glucose levels between the positive control group and the five doses of meniran extract and rosella where p <0.05 gave a significant effect compared to the negative control group p> 0.05 did not have a significant effect in reducing blood glucose levels. Conclusion : Single meniran extract and high-dose combination extract are more effective than glibenclamide.
Ergenlerin Çocuk Sevme Düzeyleri ve Öfke İfade Tarzlarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: KADAN Gül , BİLMEZ Besime
Published: November 2019

Eğitim sisteminde çocukla çalışan bireylerin
çocuklara yaklaşım tarzları ve çocukları sevme düzeyleri, oldukça önemlidir.
Çünkü çocuklara yaklaşım ve çocuk sevme hedeflere kolayca ulaşılmasının bir
aracı olarak düşünülebilir. Aynı zamanda çocuklar eğitim sürecinde yetişkinleri
ve kendisiyle iletişim ve etkileşim içinde olan bireyleri rol-model olarak
almaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla rol-model olarak alınan kişilerin davranışları ve
öfkeden uzak olmaları da hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle
araştırmada, Kız Meslek Lisesi Çocuk Gelişimi Bölümü öğrencilerinin bazı
sosyodemografik değişkenlere göre sürekli öfke-öfke ifade tarzı ile çocuk sevme
düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığını belirlemek, sürekli
öfke-öfke ifade tarzı ile çocuk sevme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamak
amaçlanmıştır. Tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmada Bingöl İl Milli
Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı olan Kız Meslek Lisesi Çocuk Gelişimi Bölümü
öğrencileri ile çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada “Genel Bilgi Formu”, “Sürekli Öfke-
Öfke İfade Tarzı Ölçeği” ve “Barnett Çocuk Sevme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların %54,6’sının 16 yaş ve üzerinde, %42’sinin
dördüncü sınıfta, %51,2’sinin üç ve daha fazla kardeşe sahip, %34,5’inin ilk
çocuk olduğu, %41,3’ünün annesinin %47,1’inin babasını okuryazar-ilkokul mezunu
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %66,6’sı üniversiteye gitmek isterken,
%75,1’i iletişim dersi almamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, sınıf düzeyi arttıkça
öğrencilerin öfkelerini daha iyi kontrol ettikleri, kardeş sayısı arttıkça öfke
düzeyinin arttığı, iki kardeşi olan çocukların öfkelerini daha iyi kontrol
edebildiği, annenin eğitim düzeyi yükseldikçe öğrencilerin öfkelerini daha iyi
kontrol ettikleri, üniversiteye gitmek istemeyen öğrencilerin daha fazla öfkeli
oldukları, öfke kontrolü ve çocuk sevme arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir
ilişkinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayanarak
öğrencilere öfke kontrolüne yönelik eğitimler düzenlenmesi, aile içinde
kardeşler arasındaki dayanışma ve hoşgörüyü arttırmak için destekleyici eğitim
programlarının uygulanması önerilebilir.
Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Yazı Farkındalığı Becerilerinin Gelişiminde Etkileşimli Kitap Okumanın Önemi
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Vedat
Published: November 2019

Bu derleme
çalışması, okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların yazı farkındalığı
becerilerinin gelişiminde etkileşimli kitap okumanın önemini ortaya koymak için
yapılmıştır. Yazı farkındalığı becerileri, çocukların okuma-yazmayı kolay
öğrenebilmeleri için edinilmesi gereken erken okuryazarlık becerilerinden biri
olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu becerilerin kazanılmasında yetişkin desteği çok
önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Çünkü yetişkinler hem çocuklara zengin uyarıcı bir
çevre sunan ve hem de model olan kişilerdir. Yapılan araştırmalarda çocuklara
etkileşimli kitap okumanın çocukların yazı farkındalığı becerilerini olumlu
yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle çocuklara etkileşimli kitap okuma
onların yazı farkındalığı becerilerini pozitif yönde etkilediği söylenilebilir.
Hemşire ve Ebelerin Bebeğin Gelişimini Desteklemeye Yönelik Davranışlarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: CEYLAN Şehnaz , GÖZÜN KAHRAMAN Özlem , KILINÇ Nida
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, aile hekimliğinde
çalışan hemşire ve ebelerin bebeğin gelişimini desteklemeye yönelik davranışını
belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı
geliştirmektir. Aynı zamanda, hemşire ve ebelerin bebeğin gelişimini destekleme
davranışını yaş, eğitim durumu, çalışma yılı ve ilgilenilen çocuk sayısı değişkenlerine
göre incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, aile sağlığı merkezlerinde
çalışan 185 hemşire ve ebe oluşturmuştur. Ölçeğin faktör analizine uygunluğunu
belirlemek için öncelikle “Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) katsayısı” ve
“BarlettSphericity Testi” yapıldı ve ölçeğin faktör analizi için uygun olduğu
tespit edildi. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini belirleyebilmek için faktör analizi
yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini tespit etmek amacıyla Cronbach
Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Hemşire ve ebelerin bebeğin
gelişimini destekleme davranışı yaş, eğitim durumu, çalışma yılı ve ilgilenilen
çocuk sayısı değişkenlerine göre Kruskal Wallis Testi
kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda yapılan faktör analizi
çalışması, ölçeğin tek faktörlü olduğunu ve 11 maddeden oluştuğu
göstermektedir. Ölçekte bulunan maddelerin faktör yükleri 0,41 ile 0,72 arasında
değişmektedir. Açıklanan varyans madde toplamında %38’dir. Ölçeğin Cronbach
Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayı değeri 0,82’dir. Tüm bu sonuçlar, geliştirilen “Hemşire ve Ebelerin Bebeğin Gelişimini
Desteklemeye Yönelik Davranışını Belirleme Ölçeği (HEBGDÖ)”nin,
sağlık personelinin bebeğin gelişimini desteklemeye yönelik davranışını
belirlemede kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Hemşire ve ebelerin bebeğin
gelişimini destekleme davranışı yaş, eğitim durumu, ilgilenilen çocuk sayısı
değişkenlerine göre farklılık göstermezken, aile hekimliğinde çalışma süresine
göre farklılık göstermiştir.
Penyebab Unmet Need KB Dari Sudut Pandang Budaya Minangkabau di Nagari Lambah Kecamatan Ampek Angkek Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Fahrunnisa Fahrunnisa , Meilinda Agus
Published: November 2019

Unmet need for family planning (FP) is women that cannot meet their need of contraceptives. Factors to cause unmet need of contreaceptives seen from Minangkabau culture in Nagari Lambah of Ampek Angkek Sub-district of Agam District in 2014 was not yet known.

 This was a qualitative research. The informants were all couples of reproductive age (PUS) in Nagari Lambah with quote sampling. Data was collected with in-depth interviews to PUS and 4 public figures, namely Niniak Mamak, Alim Ulama, Cadiak Pandai, and Bundo Kanduang.

 The results showed that the causes of unmet need for FP were prohibition from husband, desire for certain gender of child, and negative myths and rumors about contraception. This culture was related to matriarch and Harato Pusako in Minangkabau. In addition to culture, religion also influenced respondents’ unmet need of FP.
HUBUNGAN ANEMIA DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Parasdia Roos Arum , Sari Puspa Sari , Ari Indra Susanti  , Widjayanti Merry
Published: November 2019

Anemia can cause a risk to adolescent girls both long term and in the short term. One of the factors influence anemia in adolescents is nutrition status. This study aims to determine of anemia in adolescent with nutritional status in adolescent girls The Design of this study is cross sectional. The sample of this study is 84 adolesent girls, people was selected by simple random sampling technique from all student at class x ech high school on 2-3 August 2016. hemoglobin levels was checked by a digital, nutritional status examination of weight and height. Data were analyzed with univariate and bivariate chi square. The results of the study shows that the prevalence of anemia in adolescent is 45.2%, nutritional status underwieght is 14,3%. There is no relationship between anemia with nutrisional status (p-value=0,649). The conclusion of this research is the prevalence of anemia is still high,and there was no significant association between anemia and nutritisional status.
Status of Work and Family Support of Mothers Causes Low Visit to Posyandu
Authors: Dewi Putu Dian Prima Kusuma , Dwijayanti Lina Anggaraeni , Megaputri Putu Sukma
Published: November 2019

Growth monitoring is one form of power-based health activities are managed and organized society of, by, for and with the community in the implementation of health development. Efforts development of quality human resources to optimize the potential development of the child can be carried evenly when posyandu done effectively and efficiently. But in its development posyandu not been utilized optimally. The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of poor mothers visit to Posyandu. The research was conducted in the village of Bulian because Posyandu visit the village to its lowest Bulian 48.68%. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study using logistic regression analysis.  This document is a live template file. The various components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] are exactly defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document. Do not include any special characters, symbols, or math in your title or abstract. The authors must follow the guidelines given in the document for the papers to be published. You can use this document file as both an instruction set and as a template into the which you can type your own text.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kunjungan Ibu Dengan Balita ke Posyandu
Authors: Fitriyah Alfrida , Purbowati Niken , Follona Willa
Published: November 2019

Posyandu is useful to empower communities and to provide the easiest of obtaining basic health services. The objectives of this study was conducted to determine the related factors with the toodlers visits to Posyandu in the Working Area of Health Center Pegangsaan Dua B, Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta in 2018. This study was an analitic descriptive with cross sectional design. There were 75 samples of toddlers mothers randomly chosen in 6 Posyandu. The results obtained are well behaved toddler mother as much as  68%.  There are four variables that were statistically related with the behavior visits to Posyandu namely: there were more on good knowledge, short distance, and positive thinking to cadres and health workers.   Multivariate   analysis   with   prediction   logistic   regression   method produces dominant variable that is distance, and become confounding is role of cadre. It is further recommended to perform and improve the monitoring of health promotion efforts with direct supervision to Posyandu and provide conseling to the public about the existing activities in Posyandu.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Bank Devisa Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (2013-2017)
Authors: Hartanti Hartanti
Published: November 2019

Performance is a tool to evaluate the success of the company in running its business. This study aims to examine the performance factors of Foreign Exchange Banks Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Performance factors in this study were measured by the ratio of CAR, NPL, LDR, BOPO, GWM while Performance measured by ROA. This study uses quantitative analysis with multiple linear regression model to test the influence of these factors on the performance of foreign exchange banks simultaneously or partially. The results showed that there was a significant and simultaneous influence between CAR, NPL, LDR, BOPO, GWM on Foreign Exchange Bank ROA. Coefficient of determination simultaneously CAR, NPL, LDR, BOPO, GWM affect ROA of 85,6% and the rest influenced by other factors. Partially CAR, NPL and GWM have no significant effect on ROA of Foreign Exchange Bank. while the LDR and BOPO have a negative and significant effect on the ROA of Foreign Exchange Bank.
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance terhadap Kinerja Bank Syariah MANDIRI di Indonesia Periode 2013-2016.
Authors: Jannah Dinna Miftakhul
Published: November 2019

Perkembangan Bank Syariah di Indonesia sangatlah pesat. Terbukti pada salah satu Bank Syariah di Indonesia yaitu Bank Syariah Mandiri yang dilihat dari aset perbankannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui adanya pengaruh GCG terhadap Kinerja Bank Syariah Mandiri di Indonesia periode 2013-2016. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan bank dan laporan good corporate governance yang dipublikasikan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan atau website Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2013-2016. Selain itu penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data time series and cross section dari tahun 2013-2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ukuran dewan komisaris berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2013-2016, sehingga H1 diterima. Ukuran dewan direksi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2013-2016, sehingga H2 ditolak. Ukuran dewan pengawas syariah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan Bank Syariah Mandiri periode 2013-2016, sehingga H3 ditolak.

Kata Kunci: Ukuran Dewan Komisaris, Ukuran Dewan Direksi, Ukuran Dewan Pengawas Syariah, GCG , ROA.
Analisa Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa Menggunakan Laboratorium Komputer Universitas Simalungun
Authors: Girsang Rosita Manawari , Saragih Liharman
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bukti faktor fisik (tangibles), keandalan (reliabilitas), daya tanggap (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), dan empati (empathy). Sejauh mana keterkaitan dengan kepuasan mahasiswa di Laboratorium Pusat Komputer, USI Pematangsiantar. Data dan sumber data menggunakan data primer yang berasal dari responden melalui jawaban kuesioner. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Sampel yang diambil sebesar 50 orang mahasiswa dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel secara acak. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah regresi dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 22. Hasilnya adalah variabel keandalan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap mahasiswa. Variabel bukti fisik dan jaminan berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa. Di sisi lain variabel empati dan responsif berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa belajar di Laboratorium Pusat Komputer, USI.
Derecho humano al agua a la luz de las Reformas Constitucionales recientes
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia
Published: November 2019

El derecho humano al agua otorga el derecho universal a una cantidad suficiente de agua segura, aceptable físicamente, accesible y asequible para uso personal y doméstico. El derecho al agua para todos, es una condición sine qua non para erradicar la pobreza en el mundo, por lo tanto; si bien el reconocimiento explícito en las Constituciones de los Estados, es un paso fundamental, se debe transitar de la etapa formal a la etapa sustantiva de su ejercicio. Las desigualdades regionales en el acceso al agua y a los servicios de saneamiento están asociadas a las desigualdades en el desarrollo humano. Para hacer realidad, sin discriminación el derecho al agua, los Estados deben adoptar entre otras, medidas eficaces para: Priorizar en los presupuestos participativos los programas de abastecimiento de agua de cada región, asignando para ello recursos financieros suficientes. Promover las experiencias exitosas realizadas por ONG locales e instituciones similares en el tema de la mejora de la calidad del agua y el saneamiento.
La justicia administrativa con especial referencia al Tribunal de lo Contencioso Administrativo
Authors: Aragón Salcido María Inés
Published: November 2019

En el presente documento se plantean algunas propuestas de reformas para contribuir a la justicia administrativa en el estado de Sonora.En México, es urgente contar con órganos autónomos anticorrupción a nivel federal y estatales responsables de combatir a la corrupción desde la perspectiva administrativa, dejando a las procuradurías el ámbito penal.
Restricciones Institucionales para el desarrollo de proyectos de energías renovables y eficiencia energética en México: Soluciones potenciales desde la academia
Authors: González Beltrones Adria Velia , Valenzuela Miranda Guadalupe Aleida , Rocha Ontiveros María Dolores
Published: November 2019

En el presente documento se identifican algunas de las restricciones institucionales que impiden en México, el desarrollo de proyectos de Energías Renovables y de Eficiencia Energética y sus soluciones potenciales desde la academia .
Pain Intensity and Function Improvement in Shoulder Impingement Syndrome with Kinesio Taping without Specific Technique
Authors: Ananda Andhitya Dwi , Tamin Tirza Z. , Murdana I Nyoman
Published: November 2019

Background: Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS) can occur in three age groups according to the stage ofits disease. The First stage of SIS mostly occurs in below 25 years old, while the second stage occurs in 25-40years old and third stage occur above 40 years old. The effectiveness of Kinesio Taping in SIS using Kaze’stechnique or modification of the technique has been proven to have positive benefits according to the previousstudies. However, the Kinesio taping have some challenges, like it has to replaced after some days application,it cannot apply by the patient, and it has some contraindications like an infection in the affected area, deep veinthrombosis, allergy to the tape, wound, and some other conditionsMethods: This study used pre and post-trial without control on subjects with SIS. The “sham” Kinesio Tapingapplication consists of three I-strips that applied with no tension for one week, with reapplication in three days.The outcomes were Pain intensity that was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), flexion, abduction, andscaption range of motion, and quality of life that scored by the Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand(DASH) measurement tool.Result: Study subjects were 16 people with mean age is 59-year-old. There was a significant improvement in painintensity, both with movement and nocturnal pain (p<0.05). The range of motion also showed significant improvementin all three measurements: pain-free shoulder abduction, flexion, and scaption compared to the pre-test values(p<0.05).Quick DASH score also showed significant improvement compared to the pre-test values (p<0.05).Conclusion: Kinesio Taping may represent a useful adjunct therapy in the management of SIS. Results of thepresent study may challenge the suggested mechanisms for the effectiveness of Kinesio Taping.Keywords: Kinesio taping, Kaze technique, Shoulder impingement syndrome(SIS), allergy, deep vein thrombosis,Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH)
AtCIPK19 aggrandizes polyamines-involved cold stress tolerance in plant cells
Authors: Wei Tang  , Wells Thompson
Published: November 2019

The CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASEs (CIPKs) play important roles in regulating ion homeostasis and stress responses. However, molecular mechanism of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE19 (CIPK19) enhanced cold stress tolerance is not fully understood. Here, we report that overexpression of the Arabidopsis CIPK19 gene (AtCIPK19) results in increasing cell viability and growth rate under cold stress in O. sativa, G. hirsutum, and P. strobus. AtCIPK19 increases cold stress tolerance by decreases the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and increases the levels of putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm). In AtCIPK19 transgenic rice cell lines, the transcript levels of genes associated with biosynthesis of Put, Spd, and Spm include OsADC1, OsADC2, OsADC3, OsODC1, OsODC2, OsODC3, OsCPA1, OsCPA2, OsCPA3, OsAIH, OsSAMDC1, OsSAMDC2, OsSAMDC3, OsSAMDC4, OsSAMDC5, OsSAMDC6, OsSPD/SPM1, OsSPD/SPM2, OsSPD/SPM3, and OsSPD/SPM4 are increased under cold stress. These results will increase our understanding of AtCIPK19-related cold stress tolerance in different plant species and are valuable in plant molecular breeding application.

Keywords: CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN; Cold stress; Pinus; Putrescine; Spermidine; Spermine
Evaluation of the awareness regarding denture disinfection in rural Indian population
Authors: Gauri Vanjari  , Khushi Bhavsar  , Rucha Kulkarni  , Hiral Bulsara  , Gabriela Fernandes
Published: November 2019

Despite recent development and research in the field of prosthodontics, partial and complete dentures are the most sought after treatment for the rehabilitation of the lost dentition. However, little is known with regard to the patient’s knowledge, awareness and experience of denture cleansers. The success of the denture depends not only on accurate clinical and technical procedures carried out by the dentist but also on denture hygiene care practices followed by the patients. When an acrylic denture is placed in the mouth, a pellicle of glycoprotein develops that eventually becomes contaminated with oral debris and microorganisms. This renders the denture with an unpleasant taste and odour over time. Moreover, it favors the growth of candida microorganism in the denture, thereby leading to mucosal irritation. Denture care is, therefore, an imperative step to maintain denture quality, aesthetics, and longevity to ensure good oral health status. Hence, the basic objective of this study was to investigate awareness and knowledge about denture cleansers among patients wearing dentures.

Keywords: Dentures; Denture hygiene; Denture cleaning aids; Survey
Effect of nanoparticles on Escherichia coli growth dynamics
Authors: Laith B Alhusseini
Published: November 2019

Background: Nanoparticles (iron oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles) are another kind of critical materials that are produced for use in various research and different purposes. The bacteriology field being so critical seek to the intrinsic understanding on the effect of nanoparticles on bacterial growth and functions. Our investigation was planned to detect the impact of iron oxide (Fe3O4), titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on growth of Escherichia coli (Iraqi isolate).

Methods: Fifty urine samples of patients, who are suffering Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Iraqi hospitals, were collected. Our study was included three parts: the 1st part was isolated and diagnosed the bacteria that cause the urinary tract infection, the 2nd part was sensitivity to antibiotics, and the 3rd has used the nanomaterials and study their impacts on the growth of E. col isolates.

Result: The results showed that 30 E. coli isolates depending on the properties of biochemical and molecular detect. Five common types of antibiotics were examined for the treatment of infections of the urinary tract. Most E. coli were resistant to antibiotics, the ratios of ampicillin, amikacin and augmentin found to be 90%, 82% and 80% respectively. It concluded that bacteria were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem of about 50 %. So, the effect of iron oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles were studied for the growth of bacteria using the agar. The effectiveness against bacteria (diameters of the inhibition zone rate) found to be 18 mm for the 1st substance and 21 mm for 2nd substance.

Conclusion: Our current study indicates that there is an effect of nanoparticles at the cellular level that can be used for beneficial biological application such as antibacterial.

Keywords: Escherichia coli; Inhibition zone; Antibiotics; Nanoparticles
Prevalence, morbidity and mortality of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis in the General Hospital of Playa del Carmen, México. Analysis of five years
Authors: Argel de Jesús Concha May  , Guillermo Padrón Arredondo
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is the underlying cause of pancreatitis in 7% of the general population and is the third cause after gallstones and alcohol. HTG may be associated with acute pancreatitis as an epiphenomenon or as a precipitant thereof. Generally, more than 75% of pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia is due to secondary causes and although these are not sufficient to elevate triglycerides to cause pancreatitis, a preexisting defect is required to obtain a TG>1000 mg/dL to induce acute pancreatitis.

Material and Method:

To identify the prevalence morbidity and mortality of acute pancreatitis due to hypertriglyceridemia, a retrospective and cross-sectional observational clinical study was performed for a period of five years.

Results:

During the study period, 100 cases of acute pancreatitis of various etiologies were collected, 29 (29%) of which corresponded to acute pancreatitis of hypertriglyceridemic origin; history of risk: type 1 Diabetes mellitus one case (3.4%); Type 2 Diabetes mellitus 27 cases (24%); history of alcoholism nine cases (31%); positive smoking 4 cases (13.8%); hypertriglyceridemia 27 cases (94%); obesity 17 cases (59%); lipemic serum 19 cases (65.5%), and In-hospital stays average six days. Mortality in one case.

Discussion:

In the Mexican national survey of ENASUT 2012, it was found by age group that hypercholesterolemia is highest in the age groups of 50-69 years of age. (Table 1) The frequency of hyperlipidemia in patients with pancreatitis ranges from 12 to 38%, and of hypertriglyceridemia, between 4 and 53%; what is important is to define whether its presence is primary or causal, or secondary or consequence of other clinical conditions such as Diabetes mellitus, alcohol abuse, pregnancy or use of medications. The triglycerides were obtained on routine laboratory tests in our hospital and their values were steadily elevated and the hipertrigliceridemic acute pancreatitis is the principal cause instead the alcoholic acute pancreatitis.

Keywords: Pancreatitis acute;Hypertriglyceridemic; Prevalence; Morbidity; Mortality
Unproven causal relation between a de novo NKX2.5 insertion and left ventricular noncompaction
Authors: Finsterer J  , Stöllberger C
Published: November 2019

In their article, Ouyong et al. reported about a three-generation family, of which three members carried a heterozygous 2bp insertion at c.512 from the translation start point in exon 2 of the NKX2.5 gene [1]. Mutations in the NKX2.5 have been shown to be associated with atrial septal defects (ASDs), congenital heart disease (CHD), and occasionally left-ventricular hypertrabeculation / noncompaction (LVHT) [2-4]. We have the following comments and concerns. Though three family members carried the mutation only one of them (III/2) presented with (LVHT). How do the authors explain this finding particularly with regard to the proposed causal relation between LVHT and the mutation? How to explain the interfamilial heterogeneity? Were family members not carrying the mutation also screened for LVHT? Since LVHT frequently occurs familiarly and since a causal relation between the mutation and LVHT remains unproven, LVHT might have been due to other causes. Since LVHT is frequently associated with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) [5], it is worthwhile to investigate affected and non-affected family members for clinically manifesting or subclinical NMD. There is no comprehensive clinical description of the presented cases. Were there any indications for an extra-cardiac disease?
Deletion of SHANK3 and CREBBP gene in the patients with intellectual disability and mix phenotype
Authors: Jamileh Malbin
Published: November 2019

Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS) as a group of congenital anomalies mainly include, short broad thumbs and toes, short stature and intellectual disability are caused by either a micro-deletion in the CREBBP (CBP) or EP300 genes. Generally most RSTS patients have a deletion in the CREBBP gene but some patients have shown deletion in the EP300 gene. Here we introduce an affected case without some typical characteristics of RSTS with deletions in the CREBBP and SHANK3 genes. The patient was a 24 years old man with a history of infantile hypotonia and childhood developmental delay, heavy eyebrows, ptosis, speech difficulty without large thumb and toes. The conventional cytogenetic finding was normal male. Further investigation was performed using Multiplex Ligation Probe Amplification (MLPA) technique to screen micro-deletion syndromes and subtelomeric rearrangements and Micro-deletion was detected in CREBBP and SHANK3 gene and a detected in DECR2 gene. Deletion in the CREBBP or EP300 genes or both in the patients with broad thumb and toes (RSTS) has been detected but there are other patients with deletion in CREBBP gene without this sign of RSTS. However, we report SHANK3 gene deletion in the patient with deletion in CREBBP gene and without broad thumbs and toes.

Keywords: Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome (RSTS); CREBBP; SHANK3; Broad thumb and toes
Creation of an out of hours child and Adolescent Mental Health emergency service
Authors: Anne-Frederique Naviaux  , Nicolas Zdanowicz
Published: November 2019

Both Wexford and Waterford Counties are badly suffering from the lack of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). This is directly connected to the lack of CAMHS consultants to lead these services. Accessing the existing CAMHS services, especially in emergency, is particularly difficult as the waiting lists are ever growing, and therefore delaying the possibility of an early first appointment. An emergency “out of hours” child psychiatric service has been developed, in order to provide help when the CAMHS services are not accessible. Providing a service for under 18 years old patients with mental health issues presenting in Accident and Emergency (A&E) or hospitalised on a Ward (Paediatric, psychiatric or other) and also sometimes “off-site”, it functions with extremely limited resources (a consultant psychiatrist and a doctor in psychiatric training), and therefore needs an efficient triage procedure. The triage tool that was chosen is the Irish Child Triage System (ICTS) that was launched in Ireland by the RCSI in 2016. It operates in Wexford General Hospital (WGH) and in University Hospital Waterford (UHW). Between February and August 2018, every intervention provided by the Consultant Psychiatrist responsible for this “emergency out of hours” service was recorded; this includes interventions on both sites (WGH and UHW), In A&E but also on the Wards (Pediatric, Psychiatric, Medical and Surgical), both face to face consultations with the Consultant but also phone supervisions provided by the Consultant to the Doctor in psychiatric training on call for Psychiatry (UHW). The purpose of this article is to review the first figures of attendance of this new service provided and to discuss its profitability. Within 7 months, a total of 675 interventions was provided by the Consultant Psychiatrist on call for this new out of hours CAMHS service.

Keywords: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry- Emergency Department– Out of hours - Ireland- Triage- out of hours- Irish Children Triage System (ICTS)
Justification of Calculation of Illegal Drug Consumption
Authors: Andrey Soloviev  , Yuri Bogdasarov  , Elena Ichitovkina
Published: November 2019

The drug situation monitoring system in Russia uses data on the number of drugs withdrawn from circulation in a weight indicator. However, this does not reflect the real extent of the danger, since differences in the activity of substances and population density of different administrative districts are not taken into account. Based on the analysis of statistical data, a methodology for calculating the prevalence of drugs based on the determination of conventional doses that are multiples of the size of the narcotic drugs, determining the onset of criminal liability and determining their prevalence in the territory of the administrative district per 100,000 population is proposed.

Keywords: Narcotic drugs; Methodology for calculating seized psychoactive substances; Drug situation; Drug monitoring
Predicting the Formation of Borderline Mental Disorders in combatants using a standardized method of personality research
Authors: Vitaly A Sidorenko  , Elena G Ichetovkina  , Andrey G Soloviev
Published: November 2019

The aim - to develop a model for predicting the formation of borderline mental disorders (BMD) in combatants.

The results of an experimental psychological study on the basic scales of the Standardized Multifactorial Method of Personality Research (SMMP) of 643 male combatants were analyzed. All respondents were divided into two groups by level of mental health: Group I - 338 people-healthy employees, Group II gr. - 305 persons, where there is a history of BMD were detected that arose after participating in the fighting. Analysis of premorbid profile of SMMP respondents Group II described an excitable type of personality with straightforwardness, categorical, perseverance, perseverance, lack of flexibility in behavior, with a gradual accumulation of discontent, which is manifested by an explosion of affect and aggression. On the basis of the basic scales of SMMP, the equations of the forecast of formation of BMD at combatants were developed. It is shown that the accuracy of the prediction of the formation of BMD in combatants only on the basis of indicators of SMMP scales is 77.0%, therefore, to improve the accuracy, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive diagnostic model, including psychosocial factors of anamnesis, taking into account the conditions of development and formation of personality.

Keywords: Combatants; Borderline mental disorders; Assessment the possibility of prediction; Standardized multi-factor method of personality research
Monoamines, pterines, or tetrahydrofolate are not useful as biomarkers for diagnosing mitochondrial disorders
Authors: Josef Finsterer  , Sinda Zarrouk-Mahjoub
Published: November 2019

Keywords: Mitochondrial; mtDNA; Phenotype; Genotype; Myopathy; Muscle biopsy

Letter to the Editor

In a recent article Batllori et al. reported about a retrospective study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of monoamines (homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5HIAA)), pterines (neopterin, biopterin), and 5-methyl-tetra-hydrofolate (5MTHF) in 29 patients with a genetically confirmed mitochondrial disorder (MID) [1]. The study showed that high HVA is associated with low folate levels in KSS but was otherwise in-conclusive [1]. We have the following comments and concerns.
Amazon types of waters, BSAF (Biota Sediment Accumulation Factor), biomagnification and bioaccumulation of Hg
Authors: Miguel Vieira de Melo Netoc
Published: November 2019

Amazonian rainforest aquatic ecosystem is a very unique ecosystem in the Earth, which waters from the Amazon basin have distinct physicochemical and optical characteristics (black, clear and white). In this mini review paper, Amazon status of bioaccumulation and biomagnifications of Hg and MeHg is discussed. Emphasis has been given to understand the effect of BSAF on the aquatic trophic chain (plankton, macroinvertebrates).

Keywords: Mercury; Methylmercury; Amazon
A Critical Review on Adaptive Sample Size Re-estimation (SSR) Designs for Superiority Trials with Continuous Endpoints
Authors: Xiaoyu Cai  , Yi Tsong  , Meiyu Shen
Published: November 2019

Adaptive sample size re-estimation (SSR) methods have been widely used for designing clinical trials, especially during the past two decades. We give a critical review for several commonly used two-stage adaptive SSR designs for superiority trials with continuous endpoints. The objective, design and some of our suggestions and concerns of each design will be discussed in this paper.

Keywords: Adaptive Design; Sample Size Re-estimation; Review

Introduction

Sample size determination is a key part of designing clinical trials. The objective of a good clinical trial design is to achieve the balance between efficiently spending resources and enrolling enough patients to achieve a desired power. At the designing stage of a clinical trial, there usually only have limited information available about the population, so that the sample size calculated at this stage may not be sufficient to address the study objective. Assumed that the data from two parallel treatment groups (e.g. treatment and control groups) are normally distributed with mean treatment effect μ_1 and μ_2, and equal within-group variance 𝜎2. Let the mean difference (treatment effect) . The efficacy of the treatment will be evaluated by testing the hypothesis.
Awareness of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) use among population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Salwa Selim Abougalambou  , Siham Abdullah Abdoun  , Nora SayerAlharbi
Published: November 2019

Background: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most frequently medicines used among the world. They are responsible for a wide range of adverse effects that are ranging from mild to life threatening in severe cases. The aimed of this study to ascertain user's knowledge about NSAIDs among population in Saudi Arabia

Methodology: A cross-sectional study including 449 participants, who were users of NSAIDs in Saudi Arabia during October-December 2017. The data were collected using online questionnaire. The questionnaire contained basic socio-demographic information of participants and questions about the participant's knowledge of adverse effects, their types and NSAIDs uses. SPSS 23; including, frequency, description and chi square were used for analysis.

Result: Majority, 80.6% of participants were female. Ibuprofen was the most common type of NSAIDs used by participants 61.9%. About 33% of participants were aware that these drugs can cause headache\dizziness and nausea\vomiting. However, 27.8% think that these drugs must be sold without a prescription. Additionally, the majority 87.5% feel that the use of NSAIDs is abused. There were a significant association between the availability of NSAIDs without a physician prescription with age, gender and employment status P-value (<0.05). While there was no significant association with educational status.

Conclusion: the present study revealed a limited individual's knowledge about the NSAIDs adverse effects among Saudi Arabia. People need more educations or consultations with health care team specially the pharmacists. In a way to reduce their misuse or abuse or even unnecessarily prescribed.

Keywords: NSAIDs; Saudi Arabia; Awareness; Knowledge; Saudi Arabia
Konsepsi Uang dan Kebijakan Moneter Perspektif Ibnu Taimiyah
Authors: Fageh Ahmad
Published: November 2019

Islam is a religion other than syumuliyah (perfect) also harakiyah (dynamic). Called perfect because Islam is the perfect religion of previous religions and shari'at regulate all aspects of life, both aqidah and muamalah. In the rule of muamalah, Islam regulates all forms of human behavior in dealing with each other to meet the needs of his life in the world. These include the Islamic rules governing Money and Monetary Policy. Seeing the importance of Money in Islam is even used as an official means of exchange around the world, the discussion of this theme becomes very interesting and urgent.Long before the economic thinking of experts on Money and Monetary Policy, the Islamic world had earlier had a figure who was concerned in this field. He is IbnTaymiyyah, a famous Muslim scholar. This paper will try to compile some of his thoughts on Money and Monetary Policy
Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins by Liposome-Supported Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Shi Yuanyuan , Tian Huajun , Wang Yifeng , Shen Yue , Zhu Qiuyu , Ding Feng
Published: November 2019

Background

Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are poorly cleared by peritoneal dialysis (PD). This study aimed to enhance PBUT removal in PD by adding a binder to the peritoneal dialysate and to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of liposome-supported PD (LSPD) to increase the removal of PBUTs compared with albumin PD.

Methods

Removal of p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA) was first evaluated in an in vitro PD model using artificial plasma preloaded with test solutes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 24) were then subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy and fed for 16 weeks to establish end-stage renal failure, after which they were treated with either conventional glucose-based PD, albumin-based PD, or liposome-based PD. Removal of PBUTs and small water-soluble solutes was determined during a 6-hour PD dwell.

Results

In vitro experiments showed that adding albumin as a toxin binder to the dialysate markedly increased the removal of PCS, IS, and 3-IAA compared with the control. The uptake capacity of liposomes was comparable with that of albumin for PCS and 3-IAA, though slightly inferior for IS. In vivo PD in uremic rats demonstrated that LSPD resulted in higher intraperitoneal concentrations and more total mass removal for PBUTs than the conventional glucose-based PD, which was comparable with albumin PD.

Conclusions

Supplementing conventional glucose-based PD solutions with a binder could efficiently increase the removal of PBUTs. This preliminary study suggested that LSPD may be a promising alternative to albumin PD for increasing PBUT removal in the development of next-generation PD solutions for PD patients.
Searching for the Magnetized Tidal Dwarf Galaxies in Hickson Compact Groups: HCG 26, 91, and 96
Authors: Nikiel-Wroczyński Błażej
Published: November 2019

In this work, archive 1.4 and 4.86 GHz radio continuum data from the Very Large Array were re-reduced and, together with the 1.4 GHz maps from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey, investigated for the presence of detectable, nonthermal continuum radio emission that could be associated with the tidal dwarf galaxy (TDG) candidates in HCG 26, 91, and 96. Radio emission highly coincident with the optical and H
α
emission maxima of the TDG candidate HCG 91i (estimated physical separation of less than 150 pc) was revealed. Should this emission be intrinsic to this object, it would imply the presence of a magnetic field as strong as 11–16 μG—comparable to that found in the most radio-luminous, star-forming dwarf galaxies of non-tidal origin. However, the star formation rate derived for this object using the radio flux is about two orders of magnitude higher than the one estimated from the H
α
data. Analysis of the auxiliary radio, ultraviolet, and infrared data suggests that either the radio emission originates in a background object with an aged synchrotron spectrum (possibly a GHz-peaked source), or the

estimate is lower due to the fact that it traces the most recent star formation, while most of the detected radio emission originated when what is known as HCG 91i was still a part of its parent galaxy. The latter scenario is supported by a very large stellar mass derived from 3.6 to 4.5 μm data, implying a high star formation rate in the past.