bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ectopic activation of WNT signaling in human embryonal carcinoma cells and its effects in short- and long-term in vitro culture
Authors: Atlasi Yaser , van Dorsten Rebecca T. , Sacchetti Andrea , Joosten Rosalie , Oosterhuis J. Wolter , Looijenga Leendert H. J. , Fodde Riccardo
Published: August 2019

Human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells comprise the pluripotent stem cells of malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (GCTs) and represent the malignant counterpart of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). WNT/β-catenin signaling has been implicated in regulating adult and embryonic stem cells although its role in EC cells is less investigated. Here, we studied WNT signaling in a panel of representative pluripotent and nullipotent human EC cell lines. We found that EC cell lines show distinct levels of intrinsic WNT signaling and respond differently to ectopic WNT activation. Short-term activation of WNT signaling induced a differentiation-response in the pluripotent EC cells (NT2 and NCCIT) whereas the nullipotent EC cells (TERA1 and 2102Ep) were refractory and maintained high levels of OCT4 and SSEA4 expression. Long-term activation of WNT signaling in NCCIT and, to a lesser extent, TERA1 cells led to (re)gain of OCT4 expression and a switch from SSEA4 to SSEA1 surface antigens ultimately resulting in OCT4+/SSEA4−/SSEA1+ profile. Cisplatin treatment indicated that the OCT4+/SSEA4−/SSEA1+ NCCIT cells became more resistant to chemotherapy treatment. Our findings are of particular interest for the GCT and ES cell biology and shed light on the role of WNT signaling in human EC cells.
Impacts of Long-term Fertilization on the Molecular Structure of Humic Acid and Organic Carbon Content in Soil Aggregates in Black Soil
Authors: Zhang Jiuming , Chi Fengqin , Wei Dan , Zhou Baoku , Cai Shanshan , Li Yan , Kuang Enjun , Sun Lei , Li Lu-Jun
Published: August 2019

Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure, and their composition and carbon (C) stability directly affect soil fertility. As cementing agents, humic substances play an important role in the formation and stability of soil aggregates. Long-term fertilization not only changes the structure of humic acid (HA), but also affects the content and stability of organic C in soil aggregates. In this study, based on a long-term fertilization experiment, the relationship between the molecular structure of HA and the stability of organic C in the aggregates was examined. Compared with the non-fertilization control (CK), both the application of organic manure alone (M) and organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer application (MNPK) increased organic C content in the bulk soil and in HA. In addition, the application of organic manure (M, MNPK) favored the formation of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) and showed a higher organic C contents of soil aggregates with different sizes than the CK. Moreover, the content of aliphatic C, the ratios of aliphatic C/aromatic C and alkyl C/O-alkyl C was increased with the application of organic fertilizer. A significant negative correlation was observed between aromatic C and organic C content of the aggregates with sizes of >2 mm, 2–0.25 mm, and 0.25–0.053 mm (P < 0.05). The findings indicated that organic fertilization treatments (M and MNPK) increased the aliphatic C content of HA, which favored the increase in the organic C content and stability of the aggregates.
Emergent dynamics of extremes in a population driven by common information sources and new social media algorithms
Authors: Johnson N. F. , Manrique P. , Zheng M. , Cao Z. , Botero J. , Huang S. , Aden N. , Song C. , Leady J. , Velasquez N. , Restrepo E. M.
Published: August 2019

We quantify how and when extreme subpopulations emerge in a model society despite everyone having the same information and available resources – and show that counterintuitively these extremes will likely be enhanced over time by new social media algorithms designed to reduce division. We verify our analysis mathematically, and show it reproduces (a) the time-dependent behavior observed in controlled experiments on humans, (b) the findings of a recent study of online behavior by Facebook concerning the impact of ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ news, (c) the observed temporal emergence of extremes in U.S. House of Representatives voting, and (d) the real-time emergence of a division in national opinion during the ongoing peace process in Colombia. We uncover a novel societal tipping point which is a ‘ghost’ of a nearby saddle-node bifurcation from dynamical systems theory, and which provides a novel policy opportunity for preventing extremes from emerging.
Effect of Prior Local Treatment and Prostate-Specific Antigen Kinetics during Androgen-Deprivation Therapy on the Survival of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hah Yoon Soo , Lee Jong Soo , Rha Koon Ho , Hong Sung Joon , Chung Byung Ha , Koo Kyo Chul
Published: August 2019

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics predicts survival in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); however, the influence of prior treatment on this relationship is unclear. Patients with CRPC were stratified according to time to PSA nadir and time to CRPC progression to investigate their prognostic significance on prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS) and whether PSA kinetics may serve as prognosticators regardless of prior local treatment. This multicenter retrospective study included 295 patients diagnosed with CRPC between September 2009 and November 2017. PSA kinetics during androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) including %PSA decline, PSA nadir level, time to PSA nadir, and time to CRPC progression was investigated. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the prior history of local curative treatment. Patients who did not receive prior local treatment with ≥6 months to PSA nadir and <12 months to CRPC, showed lower PCSS rates than those with <6 months to PSA nadir (23.3% vs. 45.3%; p = 0.031) and ≥12 months to CRPC (20.0% vs. 47.8%; p = 0.001). In patients who had received local treatment, PSA kinetic parameters did not influence PCSS. Our results indicate that time to PSA nadir and time to CRPC progression are prognosticators of PCSS in patients with CRPC who did not previously receive curative local treatment.
Long-term cardiovascular disorders in the STOX1 mouse model of preeclampsia
Authors: Miralles Francisco , Collinot Hélène , Boumerdassi Yasmine , Ducat Aurélien , Duché Angéline , Renault Gilles , Marchiol Carmen , Lagoutte Isabelle , Bertholle Céline , Andrieu Muriel , Jacques Sébastien , Méhats Céline , Vaiman Daniel
Published: August 2019

Adverse long-term cardiovascular (CV) consequences of PE are well established in women. However, the mechanism responsible for that risk remains unknown. Here, we mated wild-type female mice of the FVB/N strain to STOX1A-overexpressing mice to mimic severe PE and investigated the long-term consequences on the maternal cardiovascular system. Ultrasonography parameters were analyzed in mice before pregnancy and at 3 and 6 months post-pregnancy. At 6 months post-pregnancy, cardiac stress test induced by dobutamine injection revealed an abnormal ultrasonography Doppler profile in mice with previous PE. Eight months post-pregnancy, the heart, endothelial cells (ECs) and plasma of females were analyzed and compared to controls. The heart of mice with PE showed left-ventricular hypertrophy associated with altered histology (fibrosis). Transcriptomic analysis revealed the deregulation of 1149 genes in purified ECs and of 165 genes in the hearts, many being involved in heart hypertrophy. In ECs, the upregulated genes were associated with inflammation and cellular stress. Systems biology analysis identified interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a hub gene connecting these pathways. Plasma profiling of 33 cytokines showed that, 8 of them (Cxcl13, Cxcl16, Cxcl11, IL-16, IL-10, IL-2, IL-4 and Ccl1) allowed to discriminate mice with previous PE from controls. Thus, PE triggers female long-term CV consequences on the STOX1 mouse model.
Osteostimulatory effect of biocomposite scaffold containing phytomolecule diosmin by Integrin/FAK/ERK signaling pathway in mouse mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Chandran S. Viji , Vairamani M. , Selvamurugan N.
Published: August 2019

Non-availability of an ideal alternative for autografts in treating critical-size bone defects is a major challenge in orthopedics. Phytocompounds have been proven to enhance osteogenesis via various osteogenic signaling pathways, but its decreased bioavailability and increased renal clearance limit its application. In this study, we designed a biocomposite scaffold comprising gelatin (Gel) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) incorporated with diosmin (DM) and we investigated its bone forming potentialin vitroandin vivo. Physiochemical characterization of the scaffold showed that DM had no effect on altering the material characteristics of the scaffold. The addition of DM enhanced the osteoblast differentiation potential of the scaffold in mouse mesenchymal stem cells at both cellular and molecular levels, possibly via the integrin-mediated activation of FAK and ERK signaling components. Using the rat tibial bone defective model, we identified the effect of DM in Gel/nHAp scaffold on enhancing bone formationin vivo. Based on our results, we suggest that Gel/nHAp/DM can be a potential therapeutic agent in scaffold-mediated bone regeneration.
The regulation of the sulfur amino acid biosynthetic pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans: the relationship of Cys3, Calcineurin, and Gpp2 phosphatases
Authors: de Melo Amanda Teixeira , Martho Kevin Felipe , Roberto Thiago Nunes , Nishiduka Erika S. , Machado Joel , Brustolini Otávio J. B. , Tashima Alexandre K. , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza , Vallim Marcelo A. , Pascon Renata C.
Published: August 2019

Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease caused by C. neoformans. To adapt and survive in diverse ecological niches, including the animal host, this opportunistic pathogen relies on its ability to uptake nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen, iron, phosphate, sulfur, and amino acids. Genetic circuits play a role in the response to environmental changes, modulating gene expression and adjusting the microbial metabolism to the nutrients available for the best energy usage and survival. We studied the sulfur amino acid biosynthesis and its implications on C. neoformans biology and virulence. CNAG_04798 encodes a BZip protein and was annotated as CYS3, which has been considered an essential gene. However, we demonstrated that CYS3 is not essential, in fact, its knockout led to sulfur amino acids auxotroph. Western blots and fluorescence microscopy indicated that GFP-Cys3, which is expressed from a constitutive promoter, localizes to the nucleus in rich medium (YEPD); the addition of methionine and cysteine as sole nitrogen source (SD–N + Met/Cys) led to reduced nuclear localization and protein degradation. By proteomics, we identified and confirmed physical interaction among Gpp2, Cna1, Cnb1 and GFP-Cys3. Deletion of the calcineurin and GPP2 genes in a GFP-Cys3 background demonstrated that calcineurin is required to maintain Cys3 high protein levels in YEPD and that deletion of GPP2 causes GFP-Cys3 to persist in the presence of sulfur amino acids. Global transcriptional profile of mutant and wild type by RNAseq revealed that Cys3 controls all branches of the sulfur amino acid biosynthesis, and sulfur starvation leads to induction of several amino acid biosynthetic routes. In addition, we found that Cys3 is required for virulence in Galleria mellonella animal model.
Oil palm concessions in southern Myanmar consist mostly of unconverted forest
Authors: Nomura Keiko , Mitchard Edward T. A. , Patenaude Genevieve , Bastide Joan , Oswald Patrick , Nwe Thazin
Published: August 2019

The increased demand for palm oil has led to an expansion of oil palm concessions in the tropics, and the clearing of abundant forest as a result. However, concessions are typically incompletely planted to varying degrees, leaving much land unused. The remaining forests within such concessions are at high risk of deforestation, as there are normally no legal hurdles to their clearance, therefore making them excellent targets for conservation. We investigated the location of oil palm plantations and the other major crop – rubber plantations in southern Myanmar, and compared them to concession boundaries. Our results show that rubber plantations cover much larger areas than oil palm in the region, indicating that rubber is the region’s preferred crop. Furthermore, only 15% of the total concession area is currently planted with oil palm (49,000 ha), while 25,000 ha is planted outside concession boundaries. While this may in part be due to uncertain and/or changing boundaries, this leaves most of the concession area available for other land uses, including forest conservation and communities’ livelihood needs. Reconsidering the remaining concession areas can also significantly reduce future emission risks from the region.
An automated pipeline for the screening of diverse monoterpene synthase libraries
Authors: Leferink Nicole G. H. , Dunstan Mark S. , Hollywood Katherine A. , Swainston Neil , Currin Andrew , Jervis Adrian J. , Takano Eriko , Scrutton Nigel S.
Published: August 2019

Monoterpenoids are a structurally diverse group of natural products with applications as pharmaceuticals, flavourings, fragrances, pesticides, and biofuels. Recent advances in synthetic biology offer new routes to this chemical diversity through the introduction of heterologous isoprenoid production pathways into engineered microorganisms. Due to the nature of the branched reaction mechanism, monoterpene synthases often produce multiple products when expressed in monoterpenoid production platforms. Rational engineering of terpene synthases is challenging due to a lack of correlation between protein sequence and cyclisation reaction catalysed. Directed evolution offers an attractive alternative protein engineering strategy as limited prior sequence-function knowledge is required. However, directed evolution of terpene synthases is hampered by the lack of a convenient high-throughput screening assay for the detection of multiple volatile terpene products. Here we applied an automated pipeline for the screening of diverse monoterpene synthase libraries, employing robotic liquid handling platforms coupled to GC-MS, and automated data extraction. We used the pipeline to screen pinene synthase variant libraries, with mutations in three areas of plasticity, capable of producing multiple monoterpene products. We successfully identified variants with altered product profiles and demonstrated good agreement between the results of the automated screen and traditional shake-flask cultures. In addition, useful insights into the cyclisation reaction catalysed by pinene synthase were obtained, including the identification of positions with the highest level of plasticity, and the significance of region 2 in carbocation cyclisation. The results obtained will aid the prediction and design of novel terpene synthase activities towards clean monoterpenoid products.
Facial Pre-Touch Space Differentiates the Level of Openness Among Individuals
Authors: Keshmiri Soheil , Shiomi Masahiro , Shatani Kodai , Minato Takashi , Ishiguro Hiroshi
Published: August 2019

Social and cognitive psychology provide a rich map of our personality landscape. What appears to be unexplored is the correspondence between these findings and our behavioural responses during day-to-day life interaction. In this article, we utilize cluster analysis to show that the individuals’ facial pre-touch space can be divided into three well-defined subspaces and that within the first two immediate clusters around the face area such distance information significantly correlate with their openness in the five-factor model (FFM). In these two clusters, we also identify that the individuals’ facial pre-touch space can predict their level of openness that are further categorized into six distinct levels with a highly above chance accuracy. Our results suggest that such personality factors as openness are not only reflected in individuals’ behavioural responses but also these responses allow for a fine-grained categorization of individuals’ personality.
Predicting Breast Cancer in Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Ultrasound Category 4 or 5 Lesions: A Nomogram Combining Radiomics and BI-RADS
Authors: Luo Wei-quan , Huang Qing-xiu , Huang Xiao-wen , Hu Hang-tong , Zeng Fu-qiang , Wang Wei
Published: August 2019

Radiomics reflects the texture and morphological features of tumours by quantitatively analysing the grey values of medical images. We aim to develop a nomogram incorporating radiomics and the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) for predicting breast cancer in BI-RADS ultrasound (US) category 4 or 5 lesions. From January 2017 to August 2018, a total of 315 pathologically proven breast lesions were included. Patients from the study population were divided into a training group (n = 211) and a validation group (n = 104) according to a cut-off date of March 1st, 2018. Each lesion was assigned a category (4A, 4B, 4C or 5) according to the second edition of the American College of Radiology (ACR) BI-RADS US. A radiomics score was generated from the US image. A nomogram was developed based on the results of multivariate regression analysis from the training group. Discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness of the nomogram for predicting breast cancer were assessed in the validation group. The radiomics score included 9 selected radiomics features. The radiomics score and BI-RADS category were independently associated with breast malignancy. The nomogram incorporating the radiomics score and BI-RADS category showed better discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.928; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.876, 0.980) between malignant and benign lesions than either the radiomics score (P = 0.029) or BI-RADS category (P = 0.011). The nomogram demonstrated good calibration and clinical usefulness. In conclusion, the nomogram combining the radiomics score and BI-RADS category is potentially useful for predicting breast malignancy in BI-RADS US category 4 or 5 lesions.
Assessing the role of surface glycans of extracellular vesicles on cellular uptake
Authors: Williams Charles , Pazos Raquel , Royo Félix , González Esperanza , Roura-Ferrer Meritxell , Martinez Aitor , Gamiz Jorge , Reichardt Niels-Christian , Falcón-Pérez Juan M
Published: August 2019

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of cell-cell communication in a broad variety of physiological contexts. However, there is ambiguity around the fundamental mechanisms by which these effects are transduced, particularly in relation to their uptake by recipient cells. Multiple modes of cellular entry have been suggested and we have further explored the role of glycans as potential determinants of uptake, using EVs from the murine hepatic cell lines AML12 and MLP29 as independent yet comparable models. Lectin microarray technology was employed to define the surface glycosylation patterns of EVs. Glycosidases PNGase F and neuraminidase which cleave N-glycans and terminal sialic acids, respectively, were used to analyze the relevance of these modifications to EV surface glycans on the uptake of fluorescently labelled EVs by a panel of cells representing a variety of tissues. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in affinity for EVs modified by both glycosidase treatments. High-content screening exhibited a broader range of responses with different cell types preferring different vesicle glycosylation states. We also found differences in vesicle charge after treatment with glycosidases. We conclude that glycans are key players in the tuning of EV uptake, through charge-based effects, direct glycan recognition or both, supporting glycoengineering as a toolkit for therapy development.
Interrupting cyclic dinucleotide-cGAS–STING axis with small molecules
Authors: Sintim Herman O. , Mikek Clinton G. , Wang Modi , Sooreshjani Moloud A.
Published: August 2019

The cyclic dinucleotide-cGAS–STING axis plays important roles in host immunity.
Bifunctional liposomes reduce the chemotherapy resistance of doxorubicin induced by reactive oxygen species
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhang Zhicheng , Ding Yawen , Wang Li , Cheng Yali , Meng Lingtong , Wu Jinhui , Yuan Ahu , Hu Yiqiao , Zhu Yishen
Published: August 2019

A biofunctional liposome containing acriflavine (ACF) and doxorubicin (DOX) for reducing the chemotherapy resistance of DOX induced by reactive oxygen species.
Photocatalytic hydrogen energy evolution from antibiotic wastewater via metallic bi nanosphere doped g-C3N4: performances and mechanisms
Authors: Wei Zhidong , Liu Junying , Fang Wenjian , Guo Weiqi , Zhu Yong , Xu Meiqi , Jiang Zhi , Shangguan Wenfeng
Published: August 2019

In this work, bismuth nanosphere doped polymeric carbon nitride (Bi/g-C3N4) was applied for photocatalytically converting antibiotic wastewater into hydrogen energy.
A study towards drug discovery for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inhibition of the carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase by chalcone derivatives
Authors: Rocha Sónia , Sousa Adelaide , Ribeiro Daniela , Correia Catarina M. , Silva Vera L. M. , Santos Clementina M. M. , Silva Artur M. S. , Araújo Alberto N. , Fernandes Eduarda , Freitas Marisa
Published: August 2019

Butein, a competitive inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, is a promising therapeutic drug to modulate diabetes mellitus.
Recent advances in the discovery of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors
Authors: Wang Xiu-Xiu , Sun Si-Yu , Dong Qing-Qing , Wu Xiao-Xiang , Tang Wei , Xing Ya-Qun
Published: August 2019

This review summarizes the recent development of IDO1 inhibitors, focusing on structures, enzymatic inhibitory activity, selectivity and other biological activities.
Realizing giant tunneling electroresistance in two-dimensional graphene/BiP ferroelectric tunnel junction
Authors: Kang Lili , Jiang Peng , Cao Ning , Hao Hua , Zheng Xiaohong , Zhang Lei , Zeng Zhi
Published: August 2019

Giant tunneling electroresistance is realized through the construction of an all two-dimensional ferroelectric tunnel junction with 2D ferroelectric materials BiP and B/N-doped graphene.
3D hybrid networks of gold nanoparticles: mechanoresponsive electrical humidity sensors with on-demand performances
Authors: Squillaci Marco Antonio , Stoeckel Marc-Antoine , Samorì Paolo
Published: August 2019

We have engineered macroscopic 3D porous networks of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) chemically interconnected by di-thiolated ethylene glycol oligomers.
Recent progress of light manipulation strategies in organic and perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Jing-De , Jin Teng-Yu , Li Yan-Qing , Tang Jian-Xin
Published: August 2019

This review focuses on the application of micro/nano-structures in light harvesting of organic and perovskite solar cells.
Electrodynamic-contact-line-lithography with nematic liquid crystals for template-less E-writing of mesopatterns on soft surfaces
Authors: Roy Pritam , Mukherjee Rabibrata , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Gooh Pattader Partho Sarathi
Published: August 2019

A novel pathway to ultrafast template-less micro/nanopatterning of soft polymer thin films is introduced exploiting electrodynamic contact line lithography.
Moist-electric generation
Authors: Bai Jiaxin , Huang Yaxin , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti
Published: August 2019

A systematical discussion on moist-electric generation from work mechanism, the recent progress in advanced materials to practical applications.
Nanogrooved microdiscs for bottom-up modulation of osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Bjørge Isabel M. , Choi Insung S. , Correia Clara R. , Mano João F.
Published: August 2019

Novel disc-like microparticles, herein termed as “topodiscs”, with grooved surface nanotopography effectively enhanced cell culture and allowed for a bottom-up engineering of 3D mineralized microtissues.
Transition metal catalyzed [6 + 2] cycloadditions
Authors: Anand Amit , Singh Prabhpreet , Kumar Vipan , Bhargava Gaurav
Published: August 2019

The [6 + 2] cycloaddition reactions are one of the important synthetic transformations to construct eight membered carbo-/heterocyclic systems.
The interaction mechanism between alkaloids and pepsin based on lum-AuNPs in the chemiluminescence analysis
Authors: Liao Sha , Zhao Meimei , Luo Jing , Luo Kai , Wu Jingni , Liu Ruimin , Wang Shixiang , Jia Pu , Bai Yajun , Zheng Xiaohui
Published: August 2019

A flow injection-chemiluminescence system was established to study the interaction between pepsin and five alkaloids, combined with lum-AuNPs.
Full-color-emitting (CuInS2)ZnS-alloyed core/shell quantum dots with trimethoxysilyl end-capped ligands soluble in an ionic liquid
Authors: Wang Huiqing , Hu Jiayuan , Zhu Min , Li Yucheng , Qian Hao , Shen Xiaofei , Liebner Falk , Rosenau Thomas
Published: August 2019

ZCIS QDs were fabricated by varying ratio stock A to stock B. PL intensity enhanced and blue shift as shell layers increase. Emissions covering 800 nm to 518 nm tuned by compositions or shell layers. Ligand exchanged by MPtMS enable solubility in IL.
Enabling chloride salts for thermal energy storage: implications of salt purity
Authors: Kurley J. Matthew , Halstenberg Phillip W. , McAlister Abbey , Raiman Stephen , Dai Sheng , Mayes Richard T.
Published: August 2019

The purification of molten salts by carbochlorination produces low oxide content salt minimizing corrosion in 316L stainless steel and alloy-N.
Application of micro-impinging stream reactors in the preparation of Co and Al co-doped Ni(OH)2 nanocomposites for supercapacitors and their modification with reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Gu Renjie , Li Xuelei , Cheng Kunpeng , Wen Lixiong
Published: August 2019

High performance Ni–Co–Al(OH)n nanocomposites as supercapacitors were prepared and modified with reduced graphene oxide within a novel micro-impinging stream reactor.
In situ growth of CuS nanoparticles on g-C3N4 nanosheets for H2 production and the degradation of organic pollutant under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Xu Zhenhe , Xu Baotong , Qian Kun , Li Zheng , Ding Fu , Fan Miaomiao , Sun Yaguang , Gao Yu
Published: August 2019

A novel ternary g-C3N4/CuS photocatalyst shows a good photocatalytic H2 production and methylene orange degradation under visible light.
Effect of cobalt addition on the structure and properties of Ni–MCM-41 for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas
Authors: Li Yufeng , Wang Junwen , Ding Chuanmin , Ma Lichao , Xue Yanan , Guo Jing , Wang Shunqiang , Meng Yuanyuan , Zhang Kan , Liu Ping
Published: August 2019

The Ni–Co alloy confined within MCM-41 improved dispersibility and the stability of Ni.
Experimental investigation of the strong stability, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect and high bioabsorbability of a perilla oil or linseed oil nanoemulsion system
Authors: Han Baoqing , Yu Biao , Liu Lu , Xiu Yi , Wang Hongsu
Published: August 2019

Strong stability, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory effect and high bioabsorbability of a perilla oil or linseed oil nanoemulsion system.
Pluronic F127 self-assembled MoS2 nanocomposites as an effective glutathione responsive anticancer drug delivery system
Authors: Vadivelmurugan Adhisankar , Anbazhagan Rajeshkumar , Arunagiri Vinothini , Lai Juin-Yih , Tsai Hsieh-Chih
Published: August 2019

In this study, bio-responsive polymeric MoS2 nanocomposites were prepared for use as a drug carrier for cancer therapy.
Screening of microalgae for biosynthesis and optimization of Ag/AgCl nano hybrids having antibacterial effect
Authors: Kashyap Mrinal , Samadhiya Kanchan , Ghosh Atreyee , Anand Vishal , Shirage Parasharam M. , Bala Kiran
Published: August 2019

Here we report a facile and novel bio-synthesis technique, using algal extract to reduce silver metal ions into Ag/AgCl nanoparticles.
Comparative study of aqueous solution processed ZnO/GaAs and ZnO/porous GaAs films
Authors: Ben Amara E. , Lebib A. , Zaaboub Z. , Beji L.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we investigate the structural and photoluminescence properties of aqueous solution-processed ZnO/GaAs and ZnO/porous GaAs films.
The excellent TE performance of photoelectric material CdSe along with a study of Zn(Cd)Se and Zn(Cd)Te based on first-principles
Authors: Zhong Qi , Dai Zhenhong , Liu Jianye , Zhao Yinchang , Meng Sheng
Published: August 2019

We reveal the neglected thermoelectric potential of CdSe by means of systematic studies and demonstrate that it is a promising material with excellent photoelectric and thermoelectric performance..
Synthesis of a well-dispersed CaFe2O4/g-C3N4/CNT composite towards the degradation of toxic water pollutants under visible light
Authors: Liu Fei , Dong Shaocan , Zhang Zhaoxiang , Li Xiaqing , Dai Xiaodong , Xin Yanping , Wang Xuewu , Liu Kun , Yuan Zhenhe , Zheng Zheng
Published: August 2019

Herein, we fabricated a ternary photocatalyst composed of CaFe2O4, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) via a simple hydrothermal route.
Electrospun fibers and their application in drug controlled release, biological dressings, tissue repair, and enzyme immobilization
Authors: Sun Yue , Cheng Shihong , Lu Wenjuan , Wang Yanfeng , Zhang Pingping , Yao Qingqiang
Published: August 2019

Electrospun fibers have gained considerable attention in drug controlled release, biological dressings, tissue repair and enzyme immobilization fields.
Planar graphitic ZnS, buckling ZnS monolayers and rolled-up nanotubes as nonlinear optical materials: first-principles simulation
Authors: Hu Lei , Yi Wencai , Tang Jianting , Rao Tongde , Ma Zuju , Hu Chuanbo , Zhang Lei , Li Tingzhen
Published: August 2019

Contradictory large SHG coefficients and wide bandgaps are simultaneously discovered in planar graphitic ZnS, buckling ZnS monolayers and rolled-up nanotubes.
Halide exchange studies of novel Pd(ii) NNN-pincer complexes
Authors: Kuyuldar Seher , Burda Clemens , Connick William B.
Published: August 2019

Halide exchange in palladium(ii) complexes with NNN-type pincer ligands is investigated.
Antibacterial performance of polymer quaternary ammonium salt–capped silver nanoparticles onBacillus subtilisin water
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Sui Minghao , Ma Zhanfang , Li Hongwei , Yuan Bojie
Published: August 2019

Polymer quaternary ammonium salt–capped silver nanoparticles (PQAS–AgNPs) were synthesized, and they exhibited significant antibacterial capacity againstBacillus subtilis.
Silicon clusters with six and seven unsubstituted vertices via a two-step reaction from elemental silicon
Authors: Schiegerl Lorenz J. , Karttunen Antti J. , Klein Wilhelm , Fässler Thomas F.
Published: August 2019

A synthetic shortcut to molecules that contain several unprotected silicon atoms comprising the whole range from localized to delocalized Si–Si bonds.
Correlation between Ru–O hybridization and the oxygen evolution reaction in ruthenate epitaxial thin films
Authors: Lee Sang A , Lee Jegon , Oh Seokjae , Lee Suyoun , Bae Jong-Seong , Chegal Won , Diware Mangesh S. , Park Sungkyun , Chang Seo Hyoung , Choi Taekjib , Choi Woo Seok
Published: August 2019

Ru–O orbital hybridization is an oxygen evolution reaction activity descriptor for CaRuO3 epitaxial thin films with the highly selective tuning ability of the hybridization strength.
Self-thermoelectrophoresis at low salinity
Authors: de Graaf Joost , Samin Sela
Published: August 2019

Numerical and analytic results for self-thermoelectrophoresis over a wide range of ionic strengths.
Electronic reconfiguration of Co2P induced by Cu doping enhancing oxygen reduction reaction activity in zinc–air batteries
Authors: Diao Lechen , Yang Tao , Chen Biao , Zhang Biao , Zhao Naiqin , Shi Chunsheng , Liu Enzuo , Ma Liying , He Chunnian
Published: August 2019

Cu-Doped Co2P nanoparticles anchored on 2D heteroatom-doped ultrathin carbon exhibit excellent oxygen reduction reaction performance in flexible solid state zinc–air batteries.
Nanoarchitectured peroxidase-mimetic nanozymes: mesoporous nanocrystalline α- or γ-iron oxide?
Authors: Masud Mostafa Kamal , Kim Jeonghun , Billah Md. Motasim , Wood Kathleen , Shiddiky Mohammad J. A. , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Parsapur Rajesh Kumar , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Alghamidi Yousef Gamaan , Alzahrani Khalid Ahmed , Adharvanachari Murugulla , Selvam Parasuraman , Hossain Md. Shahriar A. , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: August 2019

Next-generation nanozyme based biosensing: mesoporous nanocrystalline α- or γ-iron oxide?
Kinetic stability-driven cytotoxicity of small-molecule prodrug nanoassemblies
Authors: Li Yang , Chen Yuwen , Huang Yulan , Wu Wenbi , Liu Yu , Zhang Jing , Huang Meijuan , Gou Maling
Published: August 2019

Two lipophilic fluorescent prodrugs co-assembled into FRET nanoaggregates to reveal the kinetic stability-driven cytotoxicity of small-molecule nanoassemblies.
Improved thermoelectric performance of bilayer Bi2O2Se by the band convergence approach
Authors: Li Menglu , Wang Ning , Jiang Ming , Xiao Haiyan , Zhang Haibin , Liu Zijiang , Zu Xiaotao , Qiao Liang
Published: August 2019

The first-principles calculations show that band convergence can be achieved by decreasing the interlayer distance of bilayer Bi2O2Se, which is beneficial to improve its thermoelectric performance.
UV-sensing organic phototransistor memory devices with a doped organic polymer electret composed of triphenylamine-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens
Authors: Huang Teng-Yung , Chen Chia-Hui , Lin Chia-Chi , Lee Yu-Jung , Liu Cheng-Liang , Liou Guey-Sheng
Published: August 2019

The UV-sensing OFET memories with enhanced memory performance are developed by introducing the AIEgen-doped electret which could obtain better spectral overlap between the emission of doped electrets and the absorption of pentacene.
Morphological and molecular characterization of myxobolids (Cnidaria, Myxozoa) infecting cypriniforms (Actinopterygii, Teleostei) endemic to the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Rocha Sónia , Azevedo Carlos , Alves Ângela , Antunes Carlos , Casal Graça
Published: August 2019

The Iberian Peninsula provides a unique freshwater ecosystem for native and endemic cypriniforms to thrive. Despite cypriniforms being hosts to multiple myxobolids worldwide, little research has been performed in this geographic location. In this study, the examination of three Iberian endemic cypriniforms showed that myxosporean richness in the Iberian Peninsula is underestimated, with three new and one known myxobolid species being reported based on morphological and molecular data (SSU).Myxobolus arcasiin. sp. is described from the kidney and gonads of the “bermejuela”Achondrostoma arcasii,M. duriensisn. sp. from the gills of the Northern straight-mouth nasePseudochondrostoma duriense, andThelohanellus paludicusn. sp. from the intestine of the Southern Iberian spined-loachCobitis paludica.Myxobolus pseudodisparGorbunova, 1936 is further reported from several organs ofP. duriense, and from the spleen ofA. arcasii. The occurrence ofM. pseudodisparin endemic Iberian species reveals that host-shift followed its co-introduction with central European leuciscids into this geographic location. Several other myxobolids originally described from barbels in central Europe have also been reported from the Iberian endemic cypriniformLuciobarbus bocagei. Nonetheless, except forM. musculi, the identification of these myxobolids inL. bocageiis here shown to be dubious and require molecular confirmation. Phylogenetic analyses revealM. arcasiin. sp. andM. duriensisn. sp. clustering within different lineages of leuciscid-infecting species, showing that myxobolids entered Leuciscidae as hosts multiple times during their evolution. Constituting the first myxobolid reported from the subfamily Cobitinae,Thelohanellus paludicusn. sp. stands alone in the tree topology.
Osteoporose – gibt es Indikationen für eine Vitamin-D-Therapie?
Authors: Schlereth Florian , Badenhoop Klaus
Published: August 2019

Adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium are fundamental for the treatment of osteoporosis. A normal vitamin D status is required for optimal intestinal calcium absorption. However, general calcium and vitamin D supplementation is not sufficient for prevention of osteoporotic fractures in persons older than 50 years. Nevertheless, vitamin D deficiency should be avoided and corrected. In particular, parts of the population with increased risk for vitamin D deficiency (immobilized or older individuals, swarthy, migrants) should be tested. Secondary causes of vitamin D deficiency should be identified and treated.
Beurteilung und akutes Management der dekompensierten Klappenvitien auf der Intensivstation – eine aktuelle Übersicht
Authors: Reith Sebastian , Napp Andreas
Published: August 2019

Die akute valvuläre Dysfunktion ist eine zunehmend häufigere und kritische Ursache einer intensivmedizinischen Behandlung einer dekompensierten Herzinsuffizienz mit dem Auftreten eines kardiogenen Schocks als der schwerwiegendsten Form. Während es definierte Leitlinien sowohl für die Diagnostik und Therapie der Herzinsuffizienz als auch für stabile Patienten mit Herzklappenfehlern gibt, ist die Datenlage bei akut valvulär dekompensierten Patienten begrenzt. Bei drohender oder bestehender Organdysfunktion trotz Ausschöpfung aller medikamentösen Therapieoptionen stehen neben den chirurgischen Klappenoperationen verschiedene Katheter-interventionelle Therapieoptionen wie das TAVI- und das MitraClip-Verfahren zur Verfügung. Darüber hinaus haben zuletzt die Ballonvalvuloplastie bei der Aortenklappenstenose sowie perkutane Kreislaufunterstützungssysteme einen wachsenden Stellenwert bei der Behandlung und hämodynamischen Stabilisierung von dekompensierten Klappenpatienten auf der Intensivstation erlangt.
Personalisierte Osteoporose-Therapie
Authors: Schulz Karoline , Kalscheuer Hannes , Lehnert Hendrik
Published: August 2019

In Germany, over six million people suffer from osteoporosis. Nearly half of the women over 70 years and nearly 20 % of men at the same age are affected. The clinical and socioeconomical relevance of the disease lies in osteoporotic fractures leading to extensive bone-associated morbidity, increased mortality and health care costs. Fracture risk algorithms and guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis help to assess the individual fracture risk. By calculating the individual fracture risk, the indication for specific osteoporosis treatment can objectively be determined. A consequent specific osteoporosis therapy is required for patients with a high fracture risk and is essential to prevent osteoporotic fractures and their consequences. As first-line therapy a drug with a proven fracture-reducing effect should be taken. However, for successful osteoporosis therapy, many individual factors have to be considered. A personalized treatment approach should be established according to the severity of the disease, the patient’s sex and comorbidities as well as the possible additive and side effects of the drug.
Kompressionstherapie bei Patienten mit Ulcus cruris – welche Kosten entstehen wirklich?
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Protz Kerstin , Moelleken Maurice , Kröger Knut
Published: August 2019

Hintergrund Patienten mit Ulcus cruris haben häufig ausgeprägte Ödeme der unteren Extremitäten, die im Rahmen einer erfolgreichen Wundversorgung behandelt werden müssen. Die hierfür notwendigen Kompressionstherapien werden heute in Deutschland oft mit sehr fehler- und zeitaufwendigen Verbänden mit Kurzzugbinden durchgeführt. Mehrkomponentensysteme, adaptive Kompressionsbandagen und Ulkus-Strumpfsysteme sind neuere, deutlich weniger fehleranfällige Therapieoptionen. Neben dem oft nicht vorhandenen Wissen werden auch die scheinbar hohen Kosten als Grund für die nicht vorgenommene Verordnung dieser Materialien angeführt. Es war daher das Ziel unserer Untersuchung, die Kosten der verschiedenen Therapieoptionen im ambulanten und stationären Sektor differenziert darzustellen.

Methoden Für die ökonomischen Berechnungen wurden sowohl die Material- als auch die Personalkosten für verschiedene Szenarien berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich, dass durch die kontinuierliche Kompressionstherapie im stationären Bereich Kosten von 5,29 Euro bis 18,50 Euro pro Tag anfallen. Für die ambulante Versorgung wurden Kosten von 2,29 Euro bis 34,29 Euro pro Tag ermittelt. Die verschiedenen Konstellationen der Kompressionstherapie SGkönnen somit nicht nur medizinisch, sondern auch wirtschaftlich unterschiedlich sinnvoll sein.

Folgerung Als Konsequenz dieser Daten sollten sowohl die verschiedenen Materialien als auch die ökonomischen Aspekte der Kompressionstherapie bei Patienten mit Ulcus cruris den Therapeuten bekannt sein. Diese Therapieoptionen sollten dann unter Einbeziehung individueller Faktoren und orientiert an den Bedürfnissen und Fähigkeiten der Patienten verordnet und durchgeführt werden.
Akupunktur bei einem Meerschweinchen mit Hinterhandparese
Authors: Grund Kristina
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung

Fallstudie aus der tierärztlichen Praxis: Akupunkturbehandlung bei einem Meerschweinchen mit beidseitiger Hinterbeinparese.

Meerschweinchen werden selten zur Akupunkturbehandlung herangezogen, obwohl sie im Allgemeinen gut darauf ansprechen. Bei dem Fall handelt es sich um ein 3 Jahre altes männliches kastriertes Meerschweinchen, das an einem motorischen und sensiblen Verlust in beiden Hinterbeinen leidet. Er wurde erfolgreich mit Akupunktur (Nadelung in Kombination mit der Laserakupunktur) behandelt, was zu einer erhöhten Lebensqualität für den Patienten führte.

Summary

Case study from a veterinary practice: Acupuncture treatment in a guinea pig with bilateral hind limb paresis

Guinea pigs are infrequently brought in for acupuncture treatment, although they generally respond well to it. The case subject is a 3 year old male castrated guinea pig suffering from a motoric and sensitivity loss in both hind limbs. He was treated successfully via acupuncture (needling in combination with laser acupuncture), resulting in an increased quality of life for the patient.
Neue Entwicklungen in der perkutanen koronaren Intervention
Authors: Brütsch René , Zahn Ralf , Zeymer Uwe
Published: August 2019

Die perkutane koronare Intervention (PCI) wird in Deutschland bei über 350 000 Patienten pro Jahr durchgeführt. Die frühzeitige PCI hat zu einer Verbesserung der Prognose der akuten koronaren Syndrome, insbesondere denen mit ST-Strecken-Hebungs-Myokardinfarkt (STEMI), geführt und wird daher in den aktuellen internationalen und nationalen Leitlinien empfohlen. Neue Studien und die Leitlinien haben sich mit der Auswahl des Zugangswegs, der Identifikation hämodynamisch relevanter Stenosen mittels FFR und iFR und der optimalen Strategie der Revaskularisation bei koronarer Mehrgefäßerkrankung bei Patienten mit akutem Herzinfarkt befasst. Danach sollte in Abhängigkeit von der Erfahrung des Untersuchers der transradiale Zugang bevorzugt werden. Falls kein nicht invasiver Ischämienachweis vorliegt, sollte zur Beurteilung der hämodynamischen Relevanz mittelgradiger Stenosen bei stabiler KHK eine Druckdrahtmessung (FFR oder iFR) erfolgen. Beim STEMI ist bei Patienten mit Mehrgefäßerkrankung nach erfolgreicher PCI des Infarktgefäßes ein zweizeitiges Vorgehen, vorzugsweise mit zwischengeschalteter Ischämiediagnostik, die zu bevorzugende Strategie, sowohl bei hämodynamisch stabilen Patienten, aber insbesondere im kardiogenem Schock.
Drusenpapillen
Authors: Tonagel Felix , Kernstock Christoph , Wilhelm Helmut , Kelbsch Carina
Published: August 2019

Drusenpapillen sind mit etwa 2% Prävalenz eine sehr häufige Papillenanomalie. Der Pathomechanismus ihrer Entstehung ist unklar. Wenn das ophthalmoskopische Bild nicht eindeutig ist, kann bei unregelmäßig dominantem Erbgang die Untersuchung von Verwandten weiterhelfen. Kalkeinlagerungen sind häufig und lassen sich sonografisch darstellen. Drusen können auch mittels optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT) im Schnittbild und in der Autofluoreszenz nachgewiesen werden. Der genauen Funduskopie und Befunddokumentation sowie Verlaufskontrolle kommt eine große Bedeutung zu. Es gibt keine Therapie für Drusenpapillen, der Augeninnendruck sollte regelmäßig kontrolliert werden, da sich ein Glaukom nicht am Papillenbefund erkennen lässt. Das Risiko für die anteriore ischämische Optikusneuropathie ist erhöht.
Algorithmen und Qualität (Zeitintervalle und Mindestmengen)
Authors: Totzeck Matthias
Published: August 2019

Die aktuelle Leitlinie der europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) zur myokardialen Revaskularisierung adressiert Algorithmen und Qualitätsindikatoren für das gesamte Spektrum der koronaren Herzerkrankung. Die Empfehlungen für die Durchführung von Revaskularisierungs-Maßnahmen (Bypassoperation und perkutane Koronarintervention) beziehen sich auf das Vorliegen einer stabilen koronaren Herzerkrankung oder eines akutes Koronarsyndrom. Gerade bei letzterem ist die Einhaltung von Mindestzeitintervallen bis zur Koronardiagnostik und Intervention entscheidend und verbessert die Prognose von Patienten. Für die Revaskularisierungs-Algorithmen bei stabiler koronarer Herzerkrankung sind die Komplexität der Erkrankung im Kontext von Komorbiditäten und Operationsrisiken wichtige Einflussgrößen. Zur Qualitätssicherung sollten sowohl operative als auch interventionelle Eingriffe an Zentren mit Mindestvolumina durchgeführt werden. Gleiches gilt für die strukturierte Ausbildung von Sondeuren und Operateuren zur Durchführung von Routine- und Notfalleingriffen.
Multimodale Supportivintervention zur Förderung der körperlichen Funktionsfähigkeit älterer Krebspatientinnen und Krebspatienten
Authors: Shehu Eni , Roggendorf Sigrid , Golla André , Hübner Gundula , Stangl Gabriele I. , Lau Andreas , Diestelhorst Andrea , Vordermark Dirk , Steckelberg Anke , Schmidt Heike
Published: August 2019

Hintergrund Ältere Menschen mit Tumorerkrankungen sind heterogen in Bezug auf biologisches Alter, körperliche und kognitive Funktionalität sowie Anzahl und Schwere von Komorbiditäten. Daher wird empfohlen, vor der Planung einer onkologischen Therapie ein umfassendes geriatrisches Assessment durchzuführen, um individuelle Risikofaktoren und Ressourcen zu identifizieren. Trotz angepasster Therapien kann jedoch unter onkologischer Behandlung die körperliche Funktion nachlassen, was zu einer Gefährdung der Alltagsfunktionalität und Selbstversorgung sowie zu einer Reduktion der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (HRQOL) führen kann. Um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken und die Selbstständigkeit zu erhalten, sind gezielte supportive Strategien unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Plastizität erforderlich. Ziel dieser Studie ist daher die Entwicklung und Pilotierung einer multimodalen Intervention zur Förderung der körperlichen Aktivität älterer Patientinnen und Patienten unter und nach ambulanter strahlentherapeutischer Behandlung.

Methodik Das methodische Vorgehen basiert auf der Richtlinie des UK MRC Frameworks zur Entwicklung komplexer Interventionen. Mit dem Ziel die Alltagsfunktionalität auch unter Therapie möglichst zu erhalten, beinhaltet die im häuslichen Umfeld durchführbare Intervention Module zur körperlichen Aktivierung und Ernährung. Basierend auf umfassenden Assessments von körperlicher Funktion, aktuellen Aktivitäten, Ernährungsstatus, Kognition, Depression, sozialer Unterstützung, Lebensqualität, Motivation und persönlichen Zielen werden individuelle Trainingsempfehlungen und Ernährungshinweise formuliert. Im Rahmen von Pretests mit Krebsüberlebenden werden die Inhalte der Interventionsmodule und die Materialien zur Anleitung auf Eignung und Verständlichkeit geprüft und ggf. optimiert.

Ausblick In der anschließenden Pilotierung werden Patientinnen und Patienten der Altersgruppen 60+, 70 + und 80+, die sich einer ambulanten Strahlentherapie unterziehen, in 2 Gruppen (papier-basierte oder elektronisch gestützte, video-basierte Anleitungen) randomisiert, um die Intervention und die unterschiedlichen Ansprechwege auf Machbarkeit, Akzeptanz und potentiellen Nutzen zu prüfen.