bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ergonomics and Teaching: An Investigation About Brazilian Teacher’s Stress
Authors: de Medeiros Costa Izanete , José Matos de Carvalho Ricardo
Published: February 2022

This article is an investigation on stress of teachers from lower Elementary School in the public educational system of Natal/ Rio Grande de Norte/ Brazil under the perspective of Ergonomics, which means to map the occurrence of stress and the main stressors present in the work place of the studied group. To reach that, a field survey was conducted with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The sample of the survey is made of 52 teaches from lower Elementary in schools of the municipal public educational system in Natal/RN/BR. The tools used in the collection of this data were the Inventory of Stress Symptoms – ISSL, to measure the level of stress in teachers and a questionnaire with direct multiple choice questions as well as indirect questions, in order to get to know the social-professional profile of the research subjects and to identify and analyze the stressors agents present in the teachers’ work activities, relating them to their causes. Results show that 73,08% of teachers participating in the reach are stressed. The mains stressor agents are the problems in their relationship with students, students’ parents and school administration plus the inadequate school environment (excessive noise, heat, poor light, etc.).
Towards a Framework for Reducing Cognitive Load in Manufacturing Personnel
Authors: Lindblom Jessica , Thorvald Peter
Published: February 2022

The interest in cognitive aspects of human performance has dramatically increased in recent years in manufacturing, complementing the area of physical ergonomics, and the expanded focus on cognitive aspects may offer significant insights and contributions to industrial domains. A considerably increased interest has been directed at the role and effects cognitive load has on human performance, and ultimately on production outcome. The main question addressed is: How can an understanding of cognitive load in manufacturing lead us to design better workplaces for the personnel at the shop floor? To answer this question, we have to consider how technology interacts with work environment and with human cognition from a systems perspective. Technology should be considered a resource in the design of a better working environment, aid those activities for which we are poorly suited cognitively, and enhance those cognitive skills for which we are ideally suited. This has resulted in a potential framework of factors that might have impact on high cognitive load, consisting of three levels; internal factors, external factors, and activity space. The initial framework focuses primarily on the former factors, identifying risks where a high cognitive load might lead to difficulty of work, negatively affecting production outcome.
Mental Models of Eco-Driving: Comparison of Driving Styles in a Simulator
Authors: Pampel Sanna , Jamson Samantha , Hibberd Daryl , Barnard Yvonne
Published: February 2022

Passenger cars contribute 12% of the overall carbon dioxide emissions in the EU. Eco-driving skills such as avoiding excessive braking and accelerating could reduce passenger car fuel consumption by up to 10% and consequently reduce vehicular emissions. However, educational material and the prospect of saving a considerable amount of money in the long-term do not change the behaviour of the majority of drivers. Little is known about drivers' current understanding of eco-driving, how they make decisions to put this knowledge into practice and what motivates them to do so. For this research drivers’ knowledge, behavioural rules and skill were tested in an experiment. Sixteen participants drove the University of Leeds desktop driving simulator on a varied road layout. Each participant was asked to drive four times, having had different instructions. These instructions were ‘Drive normally’ for the first and the last run; ‘Drive safely’ and ‘Drive fuel-efficiently’ in the remaining two. Each time they were presented with an urban setting with traffic lights as well as with busy traffic on a motorway. By finding out more about drivers' mental models of eco-driving and how they put them into practice, it will be possible to design more targeted and effective support systems.
Storage in the Cloud: What You Need to Know and Why
Authors: A. Pease David
Published: February 2022

In recent years there has been huge growth in the amount of data stored on public cloud services. Much of the data stored on these services is placed there through the use of mobile apps (such as Facebook or DropBox), with little consideration given by the owners to the potential consequences of storing their data on a public service. While these services typically spell out the conditions under which user data is stored in their Terms of Service, most users don't take the time to read these and they are seldom written in a way that encourages real understanding of the terms. However, there are many issues that should be considered when choosing to store personal data in a public cloud service, both from the perspective of the user and the cloud service provider. This paper begins by explaining some key concepts of cloud storage. It then provides a list of items that should be considered when choosing a cloud service provider, explains why the issues are potentially important, and gives suggestions for actions the user might make in order to achieve their desired goals.
Attitudes and Use of Mobile Phones in Tweens
Authors: Fowler J. , Noyes J.
Published: February 2022

As mobile phones become more and more ubiquitous, their use for various communication modes continues to increase. Ownership and use is most prevalent in young people (Baron, 2010, Cotten, 2009, Kasesniemi & Rautaninen, 2002, Ling & Yyttri, 2002, Rees & Noyes, 2007, Pew Project, 2011) and younger and younger individuals are owning and using mobile phones (Geser, 2006). Many studies have looked at mobile phone use and behaviour in 11-25 year olds but little research has been carried out with tweens (8-11 year olds). Attitudes to mobile phone use and perceptions of use towards mobile phones are investigated in tweens (8-11 year olds). 136 pupils in seven schools completed two questionnaires and 20 pupils carried out small group interviews. User behaviour with mobile phones is discussed with reference to the type of information that is communicated by voice and text. It is suggested that mobile phone use is increasing in tweens (8-11 year olds) and the way mobile phones are used are challenging traditional values and behaviours of social practice, for example, many tweens prefer to contact each other through texting rather than face to face or calling on the mobile phone.
UX as a Service
Authors: J. Lina Raymund , Chinb Tai-Lin , Chenc Houn-Gee , Choud Seng-cho
Published: February 2022

User experience design (UXD) has become an important discipline for improving the usability of service innovations. However, user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) alone normally do not define a service, nor do they become services. Recently, we have observed the rise of “Gamification as a Service”, which introduce game-based mechanics to non-game services. The “fun” experiences created by gamification is therefore added onto the original experiences offered by the non-game services, and it creates extra values to the services such as customer participation and customer loyalty. Moreover, "socialization of brands" demonstrated the possibility of offering social networking experiences as a value-adding service to another service that is not related to social networking at all. A lot of business websites now include social filters, social tagging, or social feeds, so as to improve the overall service experiences. In this position paper, we discuss this emerging trend of User Experience as a Service (UXaaS), in which user experiences are offered as value-adding software services to other online services.
Shopping Experience as a Service for On-line Group Purchasing
Authors: China Tai-Lin , Tsaia Yu-Shuan , J. Linb Raymund
Published: February 2022

Group purchasing has become an important trading activity in today's e-commerce. Most of current group purchasing websites provide a platform for sellers to list products and process transactions. Consumers are attracted and gathered by bonuses or discounts provided by the websites. In such traditional group purchasing scenario, product information is listed in one specific website and consumers have to find the products which they are looking for on the specific website. The impact of social opinions and experiences on group purchasing activities are not fully utilized and studied. In this paper, we design a novel group purchasing system which can directly embed grouping service in any webpages rather than establishing a traditional web store. In addition, user experiences are collected and employed to increase the possibility of group purchasing activities. The impact of other users’ preferences and purchasing activities on a buyer’s purchasing choice is further studied.
Group Work: Does It Work?
Authors: Stock Gerald
Published: February 2022

Group-work plays a significant part in all undergraduate courses while working effectively as a member of a group is one of the most important generic skills that students need to develop while at university in preparation for their future working lives. Many stakeholders, however, have reservations regarding group-based assignments, in particular about whether or not individual group members are rewarded appropriately for their contribution to the overall group achievement. The success of group-work is dependent on both extrinsic factors, such as assignment design, management, assessment, etc. as well as intrinsic factors, such as the knowledge, skills, etc. of individual group members.In this paper the challenges presented by the extrinsic factors that impact on the success of group-based assignments are considered against the background of the of formal summative assessment of group-based assignments on BSc Computing undergraduate courses in the Department of Computing at Canterbury Christ Church University in the United Kingdom. In particular the effectiveness of group-work in terms of improved learning, improved development of non-cognitive skills and assessment validity/reliability are considered.
Effects of Social Promotion for Customer Choice in the High Mobility of Mobile Phone Market
Authors: Ahson Javid , Masuda Hisashi
Published: February 2022

Current mobile phone markets have becoming high mobility of mobile-phone users by standardizing the mobile phone devices. In Japan, before introducing MNP (mobile number portability), the Japanese market was saturated in between three international companies named NTT DoCoMo, KDDI au and Softbank with their specified mobile phones. The competitive condition around the mobile phone market to switch from specific to standardized mobile phones is becoming severe. However, in Japan, the current main strategy has been price competition still because the devices are well developed and the traditional mobile phone market has a low mobility of mobile-phone users. Conversely, in Pakistan, to be undertaking social promotions based on high mobility of mobile phone users. In this case, how can we develop and balance individual/social promotion in the high mobility of mobile-phone users? Mobile-carriers should understand customer preference for mobile phones and services rather than increasing their market shares. Customer retention and loyalty are important goals for mobile carrier companies. We found the equilibrium of individual/social promotion effect based on numerical simulation. Marketers can better cultivate relationships with existing customers instead of attracting new customers. We will design an optimal customer selection, formulating a distinct marketing mix and modifying the marketing organization.
Human-Centered Design: Integrating Systems & Services around People by Providing a Common Ground for Action
Authors: Junginger Sabine
Published: February 2022

Service engineering and service design, though distinct in their origins, theories, concepts, methods and practices, share that they are both consequential productive arts for people who depend on their outcomes. The ideas, methods and practices of human-centered design are therefore relevant to both professional fields. Yet, how human-centered design is being practiced and applied depends on the interpretation of the concept, or the “designer’s stance” (Buchanan 2011). In this paper, I trace the shifts in design thinking and the role of people in service engineering and in service design. I argue that human-centered design challenges the systems view of service engineers and service designers and requires them to reach out to each other. For this reason, I conclude that for these two disciplines, human-centered design provides a common ground for purposeful action: to arrive at the best solutions that work for people inside and outside of organizations and to conceive of, plan and deliver services that embrace the full human being, not merely a person’s purchasing power or cognitive abilities.
An Insight Survey of Innovation Laboratories Worldwide
Authors: Bano Memon Atia , Meyer Lars-Peter , Meyer Kyrill , Fähnrich Klaus-Peter
Published: February 2022

During the last decades, the drastic changes in market, customer needs, technology and perceptions have stepped the world into an era of innovation, where organizations are continuously striving for an advancement of products, methods or processes to better meet the varying demands of society and keep their edge in a globally competitive environment. The way of innovation is not straight forward and encompasses different obstacles which need to be alleviated in order to design and implement a successful innovation that drives commercial value in the market and brings growth to companies. Subsequently, some dedicated and specialized physical environment is needed to support the innovative activities in a systematic way and minimize the effects of these barriers; this requisite has led to the emergence of innovation laboratories. Currently, a number of innovation laboratories exist around the globe, that are very divergent in terms of capabilities, features and resources; however, this variation and their potential have not been thoroughly investigated. We present the results of a study that identifies the salient features, potential and capabilities of existing innovation laboratories and serves to streamline further research in this domain in order to strengthen their existence and potential, and maximize the use of their innovative services.
Prejudice and Innovation: A Critical Relation for Designing Potentially Innovative Solutions
Authors: Manhães Maurício , Mager Gregório Varvakis Birgit
Published: February 2022

Contemporary organizations are increasingly interested in augmenting their capacity to innovate. The most commonly adopted frameworks for innovation among corporations are the ones based on co-creation processes, particularly the ones related to the “design thinking” practices (i.e, human-centered design, open innovation, service design, lean startup and business model generation). These frameworks have fundamentally in common the assumption that people are sensible enough to understand different points of view. And that these frames of work will enable organizational teams to free themselves of their prejudices and embrace the “different.” At the same time that a team’s prejudice can distort understandings, it also plays an important role in opening up what it is to be understood. This text advocates that by being aware of the impacts of prejudice, tradition and the interplays between pre-understandings and understandings, organizational teams should have better possibilities to innovate, i.e. to create new propositions that will be perceived as valuable by a determined social context. A metaframework and future research are proposed.
Interactive Technologies to Enhance Collaborative Practice for Innovation
Authors: Caridà Angela , Melia Monia , Colurcio Maria
Published: February 2022

This study aims to provide a practice based view of collaborative innovation in order to contribute to the theoretical debate on collaborative innovation and to define a managerial practice to source and manage innovation. The context of investigation is the internet environment. It is recognized as powerful environment for enhancing collaborative innovation with customers, as well as, with the entire firm’s network. The paper, adds value to the existing literature on innovation by framing the elements of the collaborative practice for innovation and their role in the resource integration process and in the value creation. The study fosters a shared understanding of what the collaborative innovation practice is in order to keep it workable and meaningful. It calls for a new, more holistic and strategic role of the collaborative practice and provides new insights to replace episodic and improvised activities to innovate with a structured, codified and recursive practice to enhance the ideas co-generation process and to create value for all the actors engaged.
Resource Integration in Innovation Processes: A Literature Review
Authors: Colurcioa Maria , Edvardssonb Bo , Caridàa Angela
Published: February 2022

The aim of study is to provide a better understanding of the resource integration phenomenon through a bibliometric analysis conducted on 1072 ISI listed journal articles. The most important contribution of the study is the overview of what resource integration is, how it has been portrayed in marketing and management research and a deeper understanding of the six most important dimensions or topics and their theoretical basis. Furthermore, the analysis highlighted a clear division within the knowledge structure of RI, defining essentially two main research areas on the topic: the old school of goods-based logic and the recent school of service-based logic.
Applying the House of Quality to the New-Building Construction Commissioning Process
Authors: L. Gillis William , A. Cudney Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Commissioning (Cx) is a quality process for building construction used to verify that the Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR) are being met by the final design and construction (D&C). The goal is to confirm that each phase of the project is linked back to the OPR through quality assurance methods. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification is an OPR and can contribute to difficulties within the D&C process. The LEED rating system offers numerous point opportunities that span the full range of design disciplines. It is difficult to quickly understand how a design decision made by one discipline impacts another discipline’s goal(s) for maximizing LEED points in their respective areas. The House of Quality (HOQ) tool of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) methodology can provide a means of comparison among the OPR, the proposed design, and the design impacts among the LEED credits. This paper will introduce a proposed four-phase QFD model that has been specifically modified and tailored for use by the Commissioning Authority through all phases of D&C process. It will then focus on the methodology for developing the first phase of the model, which is expanded for projects seeking LEED certification. The remaining three phases of the Commissioning QFD are discussed elsewhere. The first phase or pre-design phase will consist of two HOQ matrices for LEED projects. The first HOQ will be used to assist in identifying the LEED credits to be included in the OPR and to understand the design impacts among the LEED credits selected. The second HOQ will evaluate the alignment of the architect/engineer team’s Basis of Design (BoD) with the OPR, as well as identify the impacts among the OPR and the impacts among the BoD.
Employee and Customer Cynicism: Strategic Engineering of Service Encounters for Effectiveness in Environments of High Cynicism
Authors: J. Bailey Jeffrey
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to develop a theoretical model of employee cynicism and customer cynicism in the context of service environments and to propose suggestions on how to engineer the service encounter for effectiveness even in environments of high cynicism levels. Cynicism has reached high levels in consumers (Sheth & Sisodia, 2005) and high levels in many organizations and it may have important consequences (Andersson & Bateman, 1997; Bedeian, 2007; Patterson & Baron, 2010). The antecedents of employee and customer cynicism are proposed to be both distrust and also a certain level of ignorance about the context of the specific service encounter. Distrust is difficult to make movements (decrease) while contextual ignorance is relatively easier to make movements on (decrease). The resulting model suggests both direct and indirect effects on effectiveness in a given service encounter. Implications are provided for the design of service encounters in environments characterized as highly cynical.
Defining a Serviceability Architecture Framework
Authors: Allen Donald , Parkhurst William
Published: February 2022

The application of Serviceability as an integral part of the server and network product development process and the complete lifecycle of a product requires a methodology that can accurately and consistently identify and measure product serviceability issues and provide a means to measure change throughout. Cisco has developed a Serviceability Architecture and Design Framework (SADF) that can be used to conduct product serviceability audits and provide feedback into the product development and support process in a consistent, longitudinal manner. The SADF is composed of three main components; 1) Serviceability Architecture Framework, 2) Design Functions and Requirements, and 3) Process for Utilizing the SADF. The focus of this paper will be to introduce and describe the history of the Serviceability Architecture Framework (SAF) which is the foundation of the SADF.The Serviceability Architecture Framework is composed of 8 subsystems; Deployment Design, Installation, Configuration, Monitoring, Notification, Diagnostic, Troubleshooting, and Learning Engine. The subsystems are augmented by a set of services that are common across the subsystems (centralized management, documentation, logging, hardware, user experience, and application programming interface (API). Finally the architecture identifies the sources of information that provide input into the different architectural components and the desired outputs for the subsystems operating on the inputs.This paper will introduce a system process model that identifies the scope of serviceability areas in the context of customer product acquisition and system deployment and management. The architecture subsystems will be described in the context of this model and the details of the subsystems, their interdependencies, and their inputs and outputs will be introduced and discussed.
Cooperative Body-Worn Sensor Network for Efficient Healthcare and Activity Monitoring Applications
Authors: Di Bari Raffaele , H. Abbais band Akram Alomainya Qammer
Published: February 2022

Body Sensor Networks are an interesting emerging application to improve healthcare and the quality of life monitoring. In this work, we compare the performances of multi-hop cooperative and single-hop networks with real-world sensor networks based on Zigbee technology. The network reliability, the data flow rate, the packet delivery ratio and the energy consumption are included as performances criteria. It is shown experimentally that the cooperative approach can provide a network more robust to link losses at the expenses of a lower bit rate and higher energy consumption. Specifically, for a packet delivery ratio >0.9, the cooperative scheme can provide the network with a link gain up to 14 dB traded off with an energy demand up to 30.7% higher and a data flow rate about 20% lower than a single-hop system. This work is a first exercise step in assessing reliability and life time trade-off with real-world platforms for body area sensor networks.
Detection of Satisfaction for the Services by Body Motion Wave Revealing Unconscious Responses Reflecting Activities of Autonomic Nervous System
Authors: Okawaia Hiroaki , Yajima Tadashi , Wada Junya , Takashima Mitsuru
Published: February 2022

For suppliers it is significant theme to know how much their service satisfied customers. Questionnaire survey, for example, is often adopted, however, the reply from customers obtained by such a way is not always accurate to express honest mental activity. This paper describes a detecting method of a more accurate reply by entrusting mental and physical activities for the services to unconscious responses reflecting activities of autonomic nervous system during sleep. This was performed on the idea that there is some relationship between satisfaction and conditions of both mental and physical activities. As a result of some experiments using services for healing, the unconscious responses reflecting the above nervous system such as respiration and pulse rate shifts beyond several hours at night showed satisfaction instead of conscious responses reflecting mental activities.
Proposal of Quality Studyfor Nursing-Care Service
Authors: Miwa Hiroyasu , Watanabe Kentaro , Fukuhara Tomohiro
Published: February 2022

Quantitative measurement of service process and service quality are necessary to evaluate the service productivity. We have measured employee behaviors at nursing-care facilities using the time and motion study, and visualized their nursing-care service processes. However, we have not assessed the service quality. Therefore, this paper describes development of a service quality model and a measurement system for it in nursing-care services. We examined a nursing-care facility and assessed employee consciousness related to service quality using interviews and questionnaire surveys to develop service quality model. We then proposed a quality study for methods of measuring service quality, along with prototype software developed for the quality study.
Applying Ingredient Branding Strategy to Improve Competitiveness in Service Systems
Authors: Siano Alfonso , Della Volpe Clara Bassano Maria Palazzo Maddalena , Romano Gennaro
Published: February 2022

Intangibility is one of the main characteristics of services that create difficulties for users in perceived expectations of service. This viewpoint paper aims to highlight the role played by Ingredient Branding (IB) a strategy implemented to make service more effective. Thus, the paper focuses on the role IB plays in shaping the strategic communications. Starting from a literature review on Service Dominant Logic, Service Science Management Engineering + Design, Strategic Communication and IB, the role of this activity is studied within the service systems context. Then, in order to reach the goal of the paper, secondary sources were exploited generating qualitative data: illustrative examples show the practical use of IB strategies in the service systems. The main implication of the paper lies on the analysis of the important strategic work implemented by the members of the dominant coalition. The paper identifies two different IB strategies: “necessary” and “optional”. It shows that there are links between service levels (expected-core service or extended-supplementary service) and IB strategies. By dealing with these links effectively, it appears that IB is a strengthening strategy that could offer distinct competitive advantage in service systems, promote the value proposition and encourage the value co-creation.
Risk Prediction Methods Based on Electronic Medical Records and Social Surveys for Improving Patient Outcomes and Enabling Targeted Care Services
Authors: Kaskiris Charis , Sairamesh Jakka , Rajagopal Ram
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on effectiveness of methods for improving patient quality (e.g. improving treatment adherence, reducing adverse events) outcomes and targeted interventions based on psychosocial and clinical risk factors embedded structured and unstructured elements in medical records. Current methods on outcomes analysis such as adherence to treatment regimen largely rely on survey instruments, and provide lagging indicators that inhibits timely intervention and care services. In this paper we present a novel early-warning method that can predict patients at risk of non-adherence based on clinical rules, natural language processing techniques and predictive algorithms applied to risk factor information embedded in electronic medical records. We conducted studies on the effectiveness of our risk estimation methods across 2.5 million patient-visit records from a community cancer clinic that spans a 14 year time-horizon. We identified 2 distinct patient groups, between 26 and 38 (mean risk score, r=0.77, s=0.22), and 75 and 90 (r=0.81, s=0.19) years of age respectively, who exhibited a strong likelihood of non-adherence to treatment regimen. We obtained a reasonably high C-statistic (> 0.77) on predicting outcomes based on the risk factors. The dominant risk-factors, not surprisingly, included psychosocial (e.g. depression and lack of support), medical (e.g. side-effects) and financial (e.g. co-pay). We finally discuss the effectiveness of the methods for targeted and improved health care services.
A Game Theoretic Approach for Managing Multi-Modal Urban Mobility Systems
Authors: Andrikopoulos Vasilios , Bitsaki Marina , Bucchiarone Antonio , Gómez Sáez Santiago , Karastoyanova Dimka , Leymann Frank , Nikolaou Christos , Pistore Marco
Published: February 2022

Collective adaptive systems provide secure and robust collaboration between heterogeneous entities such as humans and computer systems. Such entities have potentially conflicting goals that attempt to satisfy by interacting with each other. Understanding and analyzing their behavior and evolution requires technical, social and economic aspects of modeling. In this paper, we develop a new design principle to describe an integrated and multimodal urban mobility system and model the interactions of various entities by means of game theoretic techniques.
Revealing the Complexities of Health Care Renewal: a System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Määttä Hannamaija , Ruutu Sampsa , Toivonen Marja
Published: February 2022

Health care systems are under significant development pressure due to the ageing of population and the problems of public financing. As an answer, a new model of chronic care, and integrated care programs based on it, has been applied in several countries. These renewals have a systemic focus: they aim at simultaneously developing organizations, technologies, services, and partner relationships. Empowerment of citizens and multidisciplinary collaboration among professionals play central roles in them. This paper examines the challenge of combining the system view with the multiple operational improvements that are needed at the practical level when the chronic care model is implemented. Using an empirical case from Finland and the method of system dynamics modeling, we show that established routines are not easy to break down even though the organization is committed to change, set clear goals and concretized their content. Paying attention to the complex causal relations and feedback s typical of human systems is necessary in order to make the multiple changes to strengthen each other. Recognizing the most crucial points that foster either “a vicious or a virtuous circle” in care processes, and analyzing them in terms of influential factors, supports the raising of awareness and facilitates changes.
Are the Social Layers of Ecosystem Services Understandable Through Service Dominant Logic: The Business Potential of Forest as an Experience
Authors: Berghälaa Sami , Mattilaa Osmo , Kuusistob Jari , Häyrinena Liina , Toppinena Anne
Published: February 2022

In the state-of-the-art Service Dominant Logic debate (e.g. Vargo & Lusch 2004, 2008, 2011), the user, customer or utilizer defines the value of an offering. This paper reports the preliminary results of an inquiry into the ecosystem services and the value they deliver for forest owners (e.g. Millenium ecosystem assessment. 2005). We used Finnish non-industrial forest owners as a proxy for a high-involvement group of ecosystem service utilizers. Within this group we tried to identify new spearhead groups in order to try to understand the future of forest resource utilization. This paper reports survey findings of 302 personal (phone) interviews with Finnish forest owners. An 18-point scale was adopted in measuring respondents’ personal views on forests they own, in particular, seeking to find out what forests mean for them. These questions were contrasted with questions measuring forest owners’ multi-use views of our natural surroundings. We found a clear five dimensional valuation structure in a principal axis factoring analysis and we were able to identify a group of highly multi-use orientated forest owners from the sample. The factor structure explained almost 60% of the variance existing. The multi-use owners had differed views in all five dimensions of forest meaning (economic income from the forest, hedonistic value of forest, self-efficacy related to forests, perceived health effects of natural forests and nature protection locally & globally. Thus, the results portray new types of nature based and nature originating value creation, and thus, highlight the business potential of new types of services catering this group.
The Future Aircraft Interior Design inspired by Crowd Well-Being
Authors: Yu Ting Christina Wang Ma , Li Jie , Vink Peter
Published: February 2022

The role of the airplane in cross-continental travel is becoming more common today, asking for more attention for in-flight comfort and experience. Now the focus is on technology. However, humans have social needs and they gather and form various social groups in society. In this paper, the airplane is partly assimilated to a microcosm of society with groups of passengers that form a crowd. Through studying the knowledge of crowd well-being in combination with shaping the future context based on research related to technology and its environment an interior design configuration is proposed using a Blended Wing Body (BWB) aircraft. Passengers are suggested to fly with a group of people with similar connections on social media or other future group forming social and technology systems to sustain their physical and psychological well-being, e.g. staying active or having a quiet rest. Based on this vision a design is made including a new seating arrangement with concepts of in-flight entertainment and flight attendant service. This interior design is expected to improve passenger’s comfort and experience in long flights by supporting their social and personal needs with advanced technology.
The Vitalizing Office Workstation: Biomechanical, Physiological, Subjective and Performance Effects
Authors: Ellegasta Rolf , Bottera Juliane , Burforda Eva-Maria , Webera Britta , Könemannb Reinier , Hiemstra-van Mastrigtb Suzanne , Commissaris Diane
Published: February 2022

The problem of physical inactivity, caused by both lifestyle and work-related factors, is affecting an ever greater number of the office-based workforce. In addition to this, physical inactivity has been associated with an increased risk for various chronic diseases as well as various musculoskeletal disorders. As the majority of an individual’s time is spent at work, a means of introducing more activity into the workplace environment would appear to provide potentially the most effective solution. One of these potential solutions is that of dynamic workstations. In a controlled laboratory setting, the biomechanical, physiological, subjective and performance effects of two dynamic workstations were contrasted against two more conventional workstations. Measures assessed included physical activity and percent of heart rate reserve. The performance of basic computer and office tasks was assessed using a standardized battery of tasks included a typing task, a reading task, a telephone task, a task examining mouse dexterity and a set of cognitive tasks. The set of cognitive tasks included two reaction tasks, a memory test and an Erikson flanker test. To determine the acceptability of these workstations, subjective experiences of the participants were recorded using a questionnaire.
Comfortable Rear Seat Postures Preferred by Car Passengers
Authors: Kilincsoyab Ümit , Wagnerac Alexa-Sibylla , Benglerb Klaus , Bubbb Heiner , Vinkc Peter
Published: February 2022

The joint angles of three most common postures of passengers sitting in the rear seats (sleeping, standard, upright) were recorded to develop an ideal posture model for rear seat passengers within a car. The passengers were positioned in a realistic mock-up of a whole car interior with a fully adjustable back seat and postures recorded. The results showed that the upright and standard postures have similarities to the postures of the driver’s seat in the literature. The relaxed posture showed a higher angle between trunk and thigh compared with the driving position and the variation in leg postures was much larger, which can be explained by the fact that the legs have more freedom in the rear seat than in the driving position.
Ergonomic Aspects of an Intelligent Building
Authors: Strumiłło Krystyna
Published: February 2022

The issue of intelligent building is one of the most important design challenges in today's world. The main factors that influence the development of an intelligent building are cultural, civilization, technical and economical conditioning. The development of information technology and control engineering has allowed the construction of a building that responds to the needs of people in an automatic and flexible way. Full integration of electronic systems allows a building to be categorised as smart objects and attest to its quality. Human factors are considered in the context of intelligent building design that is to adapt to the requirements of users in order to improve the quality of life. The purpose of this article is to show the ergonomic aspects of an intelligent building taking into account factors affecting the peace of mind and well-being of people in two environments: work environment and housing environment (work environment and housing environment are the primary spaces where people spend a major part of their life). These are not only technical factors, but also elements associated with the arrangement of space. The article discusses factors which also determine the quality of an intelligent building. It examines the ergonomic aspects within the interdisciplinary context taking into account, above all, convenience, comfort and safety of users.
Can Design Teachers Evaluate Students’ Products from an End-User Point-of-View?
Authors: N.E. Kok abc Barbara , Slegers Peter Vink Karin
Published: February 2022

The purpose of design education is to teach future designers to create products that fulfil the needs, wishes and expectations of the targeted users. Therefore, it seems reasonable that teachers in design education should have knowledge on how users experience products and apply this in the evaluation of design assignments. The question is whether ‘teachers are able to estimate the user experience?’. To answer this question the correlation between the assessment of products done by users and by teachers is analysed, by assessing 76 products designed by students. The teachers assessment correlated strongly to the assessment done by a jury of end users, (ρ = 0.743, α < 0.000), if the products designed for general target groups (i.e. adults between 18 and 65 years of age without special disabilities or very specific problems and needs). However, no correlation was found between the assessment of teachers and a jury of end users of products designed for people with disabilities or very specific problems and needs (such as bed bound hospitalized children).
Cerebellar Diseases and Occupation
Authors: Ranavoloa Alberto , Serraob Mariano , Casalib Carlo , Ghellia Monica , Silvettia Alessio , Pierellib Francesco , Fillac Alessandro , Rocac Alessandro , Bianchia Giacomo , Forzanoa Federico , Maria Silvia , Iavicolia Sergio , Draicchioa Francesco
Published: February 2022

Cerebellar degenerative disorders are neurological diseases that may result in functional difficulties affecting autonomy and employability. Besides being a personal problem, cerebellar diseases are also a social issue in terms of costs incurred by the national health system and in the employment sphere. The aims of our study were to characterize and analyze the most important individual and organizational variables in a sample of working and non-working subjects affected by cerebellar ataxia. For the purposes of our research, we prepared two sets of tests, one for workers and one for non-workers. Both versions contain a socio-demographic, organizational and clinical diagnostic section and the Resilience Scale for Adults. The version for workers is composed of the Work Ability Index and the Health Service Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. The version for non-workers consists instead of the Search for Work Self-Efficacy Scale. We have enrolled 45 patients (spinocerebellar ataxia, Friedreich’s ataxia and sporadic adult-onset cerebellar ataxia). Ataxic subjects display moderate levels of work ability. Workplace accessibility remains a critical issue that must addressed through targeted rehabilitation as well as ergonomic and training interventions. Such interventions are likely to be effective because ataxic workers positively perceive their abilities, strengths, planning and control capacity.
Vessel Information - Rich Meta-file to Increase the Life Cycle of Small Craft Passenger Boats
Authors: Frangakisa Nikos , Stratisb Vassilis , Papakonstantinouc Vaggelis , Caughi d Eric
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to present a methodology that will focus on the increase of the life cycle of small craft passenger boats made of composite materials (Glass Reinforced Plastic, GRP). Passenger boats (small craft, with length overall up to 30m), are sea-going vessels which carry passengers for recreational purposes, such as small charter cruises, for the purposes of scheduled routes or transportation of professional personnel or ship crews. The goal is to develop a user-friendly, dynamic information-rich vessel's technical metafile will include all aspects of the vessel from initial customer specifications and required regulations, to shipyard designs, final sea-trial data to post-delivery surveys and inspections. Using the meta-file as the main knowledgebase, a number of applications will be developed to allow the collaborative building of the vessel with synchronous update of the current rules and regulations, allowing this way all the interested parties to be up-to-date and fully aware.
Blending Corporate Ergonomics with European and French Regulations
Authors: Bouvina Martial , L Larsonb Nancy
Published: February 2022

For global corporations with operations in France, a challenge has been to merge the European Union (EU) and French ergonomics regulations with the company health and safety requirements in order to achieve efficient and effective results without unnecessary work. In this case study the company’s corporate ergonomics program focuses on reducing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and is more detailed and prescriptive than EU or French regulations. This paper details the way a global company with manufacturing operations in France meet both company and governmental regulations related to WMSDs. In 2008 a comparison of the company and EU requirements was completed. This paper describes the process, from the initial audit to the ongoing implementation of the ergonomics program as part of the health and safety management system throughout France. Using the company’s risk reduction process and job assessment tools resulted in compliance with EU and French regulations and standards. It took only a year to see the first jobs evaluated and the reduction of unacceptable WMSDs risk exposures due to ergonomic intervention.
Field of Actions of Industrial Engineering and of the Human Resource Management Influenced by Ageing People
Authors: Stowasser Sascha
Published: February 2022

The demographic structural shift drives a change towards an increasing employee orientation, to which the German businesses have to find strategic and operative answers. Businesses acts and efforts are promising, if organizations make sure that ergonomic findings are kept. There is no unique standard approach to solve the demographic challenge yet. The following article represents core theses to a demographic personnel work, as well as possible fields of action, which guarantees businesses a solid handling of the demographic change. The consideration of due to the demographic change altered parameters at designing the qualification, personnel progress and career prospects, are an important field of actions and will be examined at full length as a result.
PUMA - Development and Application of a Tool for Supporting Nuclear Power Plant Operating Teams in Unexpected and Unknown Situations
Authors: Brüngger Jonas , Kleindienst Cornelia , Koch Julia , Ritz Frank
Published: February 2022

The method PUMA was developed to help operating teams coping with potentially critical situations that are unexpected and unknown, that means, situations that cannot be handled by standardized procedures. The method was developed with the participation of the operating teams of a nuclear power plant in Switzerland within the project TeamSafe (see also: Kleindienst, Brüngger, Koch & Ritz, 2014). By participation of the operating teams good practices were collected and condensed to the method PUMA, which consists of two essential components: "structure problem-solving process" and "coordination/communication during team discussion". Especially the encouragement of reflexivity and inclusion of all team members for information collection, situation assessment and planning of measures is supported by the tool. The method PUMA has been introduced to 10 operating teams (n=53) in the nuclear power plant. During the annually held simulator trainings in 2012 and in 2013, all control room teams of the plant have been trained theoretically and practically in applying PUMA for two simulation scenarios. After both training units all participants have been asked to evaluate the PUMA tool in a questionnaire. Analyses of the results clearly show that the tool is seen as a useful supplement to the existing standardized procedures.
Humanization of Work in Project Management
Authors: Borucki Andrzej
Published: February 2022

The experience gathered in the course of many IT projects ranging from the simplest to the very complex, shows that the key adverse factors affecting the productivity of project teams are: the stress that accompanies designers in the development and implementation of IT projects, poor use of the intellectual capacities of individual project team members, excessive focus on design support tools at the expense of project quality, excessive adherence to a specific method of IT project management, the pressures of time and budget restraints on projects where labor intensity has been underestimated. According to many IT project managers, the treating of people as “spare parts” often jeopardizes project outcome. Managers commonly forget the simple fact that the intellect and personalities of every employee are different and that often neglected in accomplishing project goals by not helping individual staff members to achieve personal satisfaction. My practice shows that the choice of a design method has little effect on design productivity and often reduces it where the system needs continuous customization to ever new client requirements and restrict the operating freedom on individual projects contributing to less innovative outcomes.