bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Fundamental Perusahaan Terhadap Kesehatan Bank Melalui Pembiayaan Pada Bank Muamalat Syariah
Authors: Himah Thariq Atul
Published: February 2022

The aim of this resesearch is to indicate and analyze the determinants of the health of  indonesian muamalat bank in 2009 – 2018. Bank health is dependent variable in this research. There are six independent variabels that used, wich are CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO, FDR and the intervening variable which is financing. The data analyzed with path analysing using spss program. The results showed that partially CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO and FDR had no significant effect on bank health. CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO, FDR and financing simultaneously have a significant effect on bank health. But financing can mediate between variable independent CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO and FDR to bank health.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengindikasikan dan menganalisis determinan kesehatan Bank Muamalat Indonesia periode 2009-2018. Kesehatan bank adalah variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini. Ada enam variabel independen yang digunakan yaitu CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO, FDR dan variabel intervening yaitu pembiayaan. Data  dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO dan FDR secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesehatan bank. CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO, FDR dan pembiayaan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesehatan bank. Namun, pembiayaan mampu memediasi antara variabel independen CAR, NPF, ROA, NIM, BOPO dan FDR terhadap kesehatan bank.
Analisis Pengelolaan dan Pengendalian Piutang Pada Unit Pengelola Kegiatan (UPK) Kecamatan Ponggok Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Septiana Berti Dila , Klaudia Sura , Damayanti Kristya , Widiyastuti Tetty
Published: February 2022

Poverty is one of the problems that often occurs in Indonesia. Therefore, through the Unit Pengelola Kegiatan (UPK), the government made a Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP) program in revolving funds provided without any collateral, so the risk that often occurs is bad credit arrears. This causes a decrease in assets or a deficit and an increasing number of bad debts, so good management and control are needed to reduce the number of complex or uncollectible receivables. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the role of management and control applied by the UPK Ponggok District, Blitar Regency, in minimizing bad debts. This research is qualitative research with data collection methods with interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that (1) Receivable management applied by the UPK Ponggok Subdistrict, Blitar Regency is quite good, especially in credit standards, credit requirements, and applied receivable collection policies, but in the receivables management applied there is no receivables measurement ratio policy. (2) The control of receivables that was implemented did not go well because there were still various irregularities and discrepancies between the implementation and the applicable Standard Operating Procedure.
Job insecurity dan konsekuensinya pada kecemasan karyawan di saat pandemi COVID-19: peran God locus of control
Authors: Achmadi Achmadi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job insecurity and employee anxiety while at the same time identifying coping strategies that could withstand the adverse effects of job insecurity by placing a God locus of control (GLC). A total of 132 employees from several companies were involved in this study. This study shows that Job insecurity positively affects employee anxiety levels. God's locus of control negatively affects anxiety and acts as a boundary condition to reduce the effect of job insecurity on employee anxiety. The analysis results provide knowledge relevant to the scientific literature related to the study of job insecurity and practical implications for reducing the effect of this phenomenon on employee anxiety levels amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Analisis Kinerja Pemasaran UMKM Produk Olahan Singkong di Wilayah Lebak-Banten
Authors: Astuti Miguna , Handayani Tati
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research To realize economic and social resilience, which is oriented towards poverty alleviation in the context of community welfare in the Lebak Regency, Banten, through product innovation analysis, Market Orientation, and Entrepreneurship orientation towards the MSME marketing performance of cassava processed products in the Lebak-Banten region. The research method used was a mixed-method, with a population of SMEs processed by cassava in the Cibadak area, Lebak, Banten. The number of respondents used was 72 respondents. Product innovation and entrepreneurial orientation do not affect marketing performance, but market orientation has significantly related to marketing performance. The MSMEs in Lebak Banten are not supported by inappropriate information technology. In this case, it is to improve the entrepreneurial orientation of the MSME actors by displaying all products that are sold either the same or not the same as the intended product so that consumers walk on their own to see the uniqueness said indirectly.
Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia di Industri Otomotif Melalui Institut Otomotif Indonesia
Authors: Mujiyono Mujiyono , Taufan Sonny
Published: February 2022

Creating an organization or company, both in terms of form and purpose, is made based on a vision to fulfill human interests. In its implementation, the mission is managed by human resources. In addition, human resources are a central factor in an organization or company. So that the need for effective and efficient human resource management to achieve the company's goals optimally. This research is a case study using primary data collected from interviews and observations. In addition, it also uses supporting data, namely secondary data obtained from the results of previous studies and literature studies. This research aims to study and identify human resource development systems in the automotive industry by linking IOI's role in preparing competent human resources in the automotive industry in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the development and improvement of HR competencies in the automotive industry can be carried out by: (1) Competency-based education and training systems; (2) Organizing training with a 3 in1 system; (3) Reskilling and Upskilling; and (4) participating in the PIDI 4.0 ecosystem. In addition, there is a need for good coordination and cooperation between IOI organizations and stakeholders such as academics, business, government, and society in order to be able to create competent human resources to advance the national automotive industry.
Pengaruh Transformasi Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Dengan Motivasi Dan Kompensasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Personil Project Management Office PT Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk
Authors: Wijayatma Armynas Handyas , Liswandi Liswandi , Sugilar Sugilar
Published: February 2022

The main objective of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of organizational transformation on performance with motivation and compensation as mediating variables in the project management office (“PMO”) personnel of PT Perusahaan Gas Negara Tbk. (“PGN”) by using a quantitative descriptive approach. The data in this study were obtained from PMO organic employees who work at PGN. The total population of PMO organic employees at the time the research was conducted was 118 (one hundred and eighteen) people. While the samples taken in this study were organic employees with positions ranging from 'Staff' to 'Vice President'. The data analysis in this study used an alternative method of structural equation modeling (SEM), namely partial least squares (PLS). The first stage in this research is to test the validity of each variable's statement indicator along with their reliability. The second stage examines the relationship between the existing hypotheses for both direct effects and indirect effects between research variables. The results of this study indicate that PGN’s organizational transformation has a significant effect on PMO employee performance, either through motivation or compensation as mediation or without the mediation.
AUDIT SYARIAH SEBAGAI PERMASALAHAN ATAU SOLUSI UNTUK PERKEMBANGAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH YANG TERDAMPAK COVID-19
Authors: Andini Sophia , Sugito Paulus
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the factors affecting sharia audit on sharia Financial Institution. These factors include auditor competencies, process audit and Sharia framework. This study used population of external auditor on Public Accounting Firm that having audit sharia financial Institution on Covid-19 situation. In addition, this study analyzed the impact of independent variables to practice of audit sharia as dependent variable using regression analysis. Sampling was carried out in this study using purposive sampling method, which is a sampling method based on the answer of questioner respondence to external auditor audited Sharia Financial Institution. This study states that the auditor competencies and audit process have no effect to the audit sharia, other than Sharia Framework that has effect to it on Covid-19 situation.

Keywords: sharia audit, auditor competencies, audit process, sharia framework, covid-19
Pengaruh Satisfaction, Brand Love terhadap Brand Loyalty dan Word of Mouth
Authors: Purwanto Edy , Syam AR M. Munir
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine and determine the effect of consumer satisfaction, brand love on loyalty and WOM, and the influence of customer loyalty on WOM. The object of this research is Batik in Sumenep Regency. The sample for this study consisted of 200 people who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire was distributed to collect data. Path analysis and structural equation modeling were used in the test. Results-Based on this research, the variable of satisfaction has an influence on loyalty and word of mouth, love of the brand has an effect on loyalty, and customer loyalty has an effect on WOM. But the variable love of the brand has no significant effect on word of mouth. It is hoped that the research can provide information about the ability of satisfaction and brand love in influencing consumer loyalty and the ability of satisfaction and loyalty in influencing consumers to carry out the word of mouth. Furthermore, this research is useful for clothing business actors in the batik industry in developing appropriate strategies in developing their businesses.
Hubungan Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Kuta Utara
Authors: Aprilia Suantari Ni Putu Mitha , Yogi Triana Komang , Prihandini Claudia , Nara Kusuma A.A. Ngurah
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi pada remaja putri adalah terjadinya menstruasi. Menstruasi yang terjadi secara berulang dan teratur setiap bulan pada akhirnya akan membentuk suatu siklus menstruasi. Siklus menstruasi yang terjadi pada remaja putri tidak selalu teratur karena  sebagian remaja putri mengalami masalah terkait gangguan siklus menstruasi yang salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah indeks masa tubuh dari remaja tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) dengan siklus menstruasi pada remaja kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Kuta Utara. Metedologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian descriptive correlation dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 70 orang. Teknik sampling dengan teknik probability sampling yaitu simple random sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan lembar observasi siklus menstruasi, timbangan badan digital dan pengukur tinggi badan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji spearman rank. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan 35,7% responden dengan indeks masa tubuh normal dan 42,9% mengalami siklus menstruasi normal. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis didapatkan bahwa p=0,001 dan r=0,539 yang menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja di SMP Negeri 2 Kuta Utara. Kesimpulan: Perawat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan perannya sebagai edukator dalam mengedukasi dan memberikan informasi kepada remaja untuk dapat menjaga status gizi dan juga indeks masa tubuh sehingga siklus menstruasi dapat teratur.
Penatalaksanaan Perdarahan Postpartum di Negara Berkembang
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Dwi Kartika , Mardiyah WD Siti , Rospia Evi Diliana
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Kematian berhubungan dengan kehamilan, persalinan ataupun masa nifas. Upaya yang dilakukan dalam menurunkan angka kematian ibu tidak hanya diketahui dari tingginya cakupan, akan tetapi dapat diketahui dari kualitas pelayanan yang lebih menekankan pada kebutuhan kompetensi tenaga kesehatan, kelengkapan obat, peralatan, sarana dan prasarana disemua layanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan organisasi kesehatan dunia menytakan bahwa terjadinya kematian maternal tiap tahun 140.000 atau 1 wanita tiap 4 menit. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari setiap penatalaksanaan perdarahan postpartum.  Metedologi: Delapan tahap untuk scoping tinjauan digunakan dalam ulasan ini. Delapan tahapan meliputi: mengidentifikasi permasalahan kebidanan, prioritas masalah dan pertanyaan penelitian, framework data primer dan sekunder, indentifikasi studi yang relevan, prisma flow diagram, critical appraisal, analisa data ekstraksi data. Hasil: Sebanyak 9 jurnal yang ditemukan, kemudian melakukan analisis tematik dalam bentuk scoping review digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi point-point utama. Kami mengklasifikasikan point-point utama dalam lima tema yang muncul: pemberian carbetocin, pemberian oxytocin, pemberian misoprostol sublingual, pemberian bakri balloon, pemberian tamponade Kondom kateter sebagai penatalaksanaan perdarahan postpartum.  Kesimpulan: Efektifitas dari setiap penatalaksanaan perdarahan postpartum mampu menjadikan acuan perbaikan dalam menangani perdarahan postpartum yang hingga saat ini masih menjadi ancaman angka kematian ibu tertinggi di dunia.
Studi Deskriptif Perilaku Anak Usia 9-12 Tahun Tentang Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah Ma’arif Nu 01 Al-Hidayah Demaan Jepara
Authors: Rosita Devi , Krisdiana Nofa
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Wabah COVID-19 ditetapkan sebagai pandemi global. Angka COVID-19 di Jepara pada anak usia 9-12 tahun 107 kasus terkonfirmasi. Sistem imunitas pada anak belum sempurna dapat membuat anak lebih rentan terinfeksi virus corona Mulai bulan juli 2020 sudah diberlakukan kegiatan pembelajaran oleh ketua Madrasah Diniyah Awaliyah Ma’arif Nu 01 AL-Hidayah Demaan Jepara. Tujuan: Penulisan ini untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku anak usia 9-12 tahun tentang pencegahan penularan COVID-19 di Madin Awaliyah  Al-Hidayah Demaan Jepara. Metode: Jenis penulisan deskriptif, populasi penulisan adalah seluruh siswa Madin Awaliyah Ma’arif Nu 01 Al- Hidayah Demaan Jepara yang berusia 9-12 th. Sampel 49 responden, Tehnik sampling menggunakan total sampling dan  instrumen  yang digunakan ceklis dan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan univariat dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Sebagian besar anak usia 9-12 tahun  di Madin Al- Hidayah tidak melakukan perilaku pencegahan penularan COVID-19. Mencuci tangan dengan baik 44 orang (89,8 %) tidak mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar 5 orang (10,2 %). Tidak memakai masker 31 orang (63,3 %) memakai masker 18 orang (36, 7%) , tidak jaga jarak fisik 31 orang (63,3 % )jaga jarak fisik (36,7 %). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan motivasi ibu mengkonsumsi tablet besi di PMB Luh Putu Yuniasih, S.ST, hal ini menunjukkan pengetahuan merupakan penentu adanya motivasi pada ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet besi.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND METHOD OF MANAGEMENT CRITICAL RISKS
Authors: Сидорин В.В. , Антонов А.В.
Published: February 2022

Введение. Снижение вариабельности процессов и их результатов в системах менеджмента достигается различными методами. Один из них - риск-ориентированное мышление и методы менеджмента риска. Общий подход, принципы и методология менеджмента риска, регламентированные международными и российскими стандартами, являются основой для последующей разработки методов и методик менеджмента рисков для конкретных применений, в частности - для критически значимых рисков. Данные и методы. Существующие технологии менеджмента рисков не решают все проблемы менеджмента критически значимых рисков, обусловливая актуальность разработки методов и методик, более эффективны задачи менеджмента критических рисков. В статье представлены результаты разработки метода и методики менеджмента критически значимых рисков для их нейтрализации или исключения. Полученные результаты. В статье представлены результаты разработки подхода к менеджменту критически значимых рисков - концептуальная модель риска, её такие основные положения и понятия, как потенциал риска, структура риска, индексе риска, ёмкость риска, структура затрат ресурсов, стратификация затрат по видам ресурсов, риск-устойчивость. Заключение. Аналитический подход в основе метода позволяет повысить степень объективности оценки значимости рисков, расчётами потенциала рисков и затрат ресурсов обосновать решения по приоритезации рисков и требования к ресурсному обеспечению работ по их обработке.

Introduction. Reducing the variability of processes and their results in management systems is achieved by various methods. One of them is risk-based thinking and risk management methods. The general approach, principles and methodology of risk management, regulated by international and Russian standards, are the basis for the subsequent development of methods and techniques for risk management for specific applications, in particular, for critical risks. Data and methods. Existing risk management technologies do not solve all the problems of management of critical risks, causing the relevance of the development of methods and techniques, more effectively the task of managing critical risks. The article presents the results of the development of a method and methodology for the management of critical risks for their neutralization or elimination. Results. The article presents the results of developing an approach to the management of critical risks - a conceptual model of risk, its basic provisions and concepts such as: risk potential, risk structure, risk index, risk capacity, resource cost structure, cost stratification by resource type, risk -stability. Conclusion. The analytical approach at the heart of the method allows to increase the degree of objectivity in assessing the significance of risks, by calculating the potential of risks and resource costs, to justify decisions on prioritizing risks and requirements for resource support of works on their processing.
MODELING THE STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Ильина Е.А.
Published: February 2022

Введение. В работе поднимается проблема эффективного развития промышленного предприятия. Устойчивое развитие промышленного предприятия обеспечивается совокупностью факторов, перспективных целей и задач, направленных на обеспечение долгосрочного функционирования предприятия. Данные и методы. Целью выполнения исследования является разработка комплексной модели устойчивости и динамики развития промышленного предприятия для целей стратегического и тактического планирования его развития в условиях цифровизации. Моделирование процесса формирования стратегии предприятия требует детального анализа и оценки ключевых подсистем и компонентов устойчивости. Полученные результаты. Автором детально рассматривается модель компетенций промышленного предприятия при разработке стратегии устойчивого развития. Подробно прорабатывается содержание этапов реализации стратегии, а так же трансформации производственных процессов предприятия в условиях цифровой среды. Развитие промышленных предприятий в условиях цифровой экономики позволит: повысить производительность труда, автоматизировать производственные процессы с уменьшением простоев оборудования, а также сформировать цифровые компетенции персонала предприятия. Заключение. Внедрение разработанной модели компетенций промышленного предприятия обеспечит актуализацию планов, реализацию новых инновационных проектов, а так же повысит эффективность работы предприятия на долгосрочную перспективу в условиях жесткой рыночной конкуренции.

Introduction The work raises the problem of effective development of an industrial enterprise. Sustainable development of an industrial enterprise is ensured by a combination of factors, long-term goals and objectives aimed at ensuring the long-term functioning of the enterprise. Data and methods . The purpose of the study is to develop an integrated model of sustainability and dynamics of development of an industrial enterprise for the purposes of strategic and tactical planning of its development in the context of digitalization. Modeling the process of forming an enterprise strategy requires a detailed analysis and assessment of key subsystems and components of sustainability. The results obtained. The author examines in detail the competence model of an industrial enterprise when developing a sustainable development strategy. The content of the stages of implementation of the strategy, as well as the transformation of the production processes of the enterprise in the digital environment, is being worked out in detail. The development of industrial enterprises in the digital economy will allow: increase labor productivity, automate production processes with a decrease in equipment downtime, and also form digital competencies of the enterprise personnel. Conclusion. The introduction of the developed competence model of an industrial enterprise will ensure the updating of plans, the implementation of new innovative projects, as well as increase the efficiency of the enterprise in the long term in the face of tough market competition.
The Cost of Nothing Trumps the Value of Everything: The Failure of Regulatory Economics to Keep Pace with Improvements in Quantitative Risk Analysis
Authors: Finkel Adam
Published: February 2022

The entire U.S. federal regulatory apparatus, especially that part devoted to reducing (or deciding not to reduce) risks to the environment, health, and safety (EHS), relies increasingly on judgments of whether each regulation would yield benefits in excess of its costs. These judgments depend in turn upon empirical analysis of the potential increases in longevity, quality of life, and environmental quality that the regulation can confer, and also of the economic resources needed to “purchase” those benefits—analyses whose quality can range from extremely fine to disappointingly poor. The quality of a risk analysis (from which the benefits of control are derived) or of an economic analysis depends on attributes they share in common, such as the complexity and rigor of the data collection and mathematical modeling, the transparency by which the assumptions used are disclosed, and the humility of the conclusions drawn (particularly the care taken to acknowledge uncertainty in the estimate). This Article is part of a series of investigations by a multidisciplinary team of scholars, examining whether regulatory cost analysis may be systematically less rigorous, transparent, and humble as compared to the corresponding analyses of risk upon which regulations are jointly based. In this particular study, I contrast the attention paid to depicting uncertainty on the “cost side” versus the “risk side” of cost-benefit analysis, and show that regulatory economics has steadily remained about ten to fifteen years behind risk analysis with respect to this important attribute of analytic quality. Various sections of the Article explain why overconfident pronouncements about cost or risk can thwart sensible decisionmaking, demonstrate how an unbalanced approach to analyzing risks versus cost is untenable, and trace the history of attempts to improve the estimation of regulatory cost uncertainty both inside and outside the major federal EHS regulatory agencies. The core of this Article is a combination of a statistical analysis and a set of case studies, showing how much improvement remains to be made on the “cost side” of regulatory uncertainty analysis, and providing various sets of reasons why this particular deficiency arose and persists. If decisionmakers and the public are not informed that the true magnitudes of regulatory cost may be much higher or (more likely) much lower than the overconfident estimates provided with current regulatory analyses, they cannot express their desires for more or less regulatory stringency in light of the resulting uncertainty in net benefit.
Protecting Human Health and Stewarding the Environment: An Essay Exploring Values in U.S. Environmental Protection Law
Authors: Bach Tracy
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this conference is to explore “the relationship between environmental protection and public health and how it should inform our efforts to become better stewards of the environment.” No one would disagree with the assertion that during the last forty years of federal environmental protection, air and water quality have improved and led to concomitant improvements in human health. Exploring the contours of this “relationship,” Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Gina McCarthy said in her keynote speech that “[t]he thing is, the word ‘relationship’ is too neutral. The link between the health of our planet and the health of our families is inextricable. The quality of our environment dictates the quality of our well-being, and our lives.” An article in the New England Journal of Medicine—a publication aimed at clinicians and not public health practitioners or environmental regulators— affirms the Administrator’s assertion about the environment-human health relationship: based on four decades of air quality monitoring mandated by the Clean Air Act, U.S. life span has increased by 0.4 to 0.8 years due to government-mandated reductions in particulate matter. By setting human health-based standards prescribed by legislative language and then enforcing them, environmental protection has clearly improved human health by limiting the amount of pollution that may enter our natural environment. With this starting premise, our panel contributes to the conference discussion by focusing on the ethical underpinnings of why we enact laws to protect, conserve, and restore the environment. These environmental values, usually characterized as human-centrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism, separate the human, fauna, and flora at play when making law to protect “the environment.” To debate whether the current public healthbased approach in U.S. environmental law strikes the right balance between protecting humans and the environment that surrounds us, our panel was specifically asked: “Should environmental laws focus even more than they already do on public health benefits, so that we might reclaim bi-partisan support for environmental protection efforts? Or have we focused on human health to the detriment of preserving bio-diversity and healthy ecosystems?”
Cooperative Mineral Interest Development in the Lone Star State: It's Time to Mess with Texas
Authors: Trawick Matthew
Published: February 2022

Since the early discoveries of the Spindletop, King Ranch, and East Texas oil fields, the oil and gas industry has dominated the Texas economy. The industry has also played an important role in shaping state politics and culture. The oil boom of the early 1900s created thousands of jobs for ordinary workers and immense wealth for a select few. Early Texas oil barons made headlines because of their lavish lifestyles and often extreme political beliefs. Legendary wildcatter H.L. Hunt typified this oil-fueled exuberance. Hunt became one of the eight richest individuals in the United States after securing mineral rights to the East Texas oil field (the largest oil field in the contiguous United States) from an unscrupulous land man at a poker game. Hunt used his tremendous resources to support conservative politicians (including Joseph McCarthy) and to promote a conservative political agenda. Hunt’s politics, particularly his focus on the primacy of individualism and his belief that government intervention posed the greatest single threat to individual liberty, helped to shape the broader neoconservative movement. His political influence continues to resonate throughout the modern political dialogue in Texas.
Instrument Choice, Carbon Emissions, and Information
Authors: Wara Michael
Published: February 2022

This Article examines the consequences of a previously unrecognized difference between pollutant cap-and-trade schemes and pollution taxes. Implementation of cap-and-trade relies on a forecast of future emissions, while implementation of a pollution tax does not. Realistic policy designs using either regulatory instrument almost always involve a phase-in over time to avoid economic disruption. Cap-and-trade accomplishes this phase-in via a limit on emissions that falls gradually below the forecast of future pollutant emissions. Emissions taxation accomplishes the same via a gradually increasing levy on pollution. Because of the administrative complexity of establishing an emissions trading market, cap-and-trade programs typically require between three and five years lead time before imposing obligations on emitters. In this Article, I present new evidence showing that forecast error over this timeframe for United States energy- related carbon dioxide emissions from the Department of Energy’s energy model—the model used for policy design by Congress and EPA—is biased and imprecise to such a degree as to make its use impractical. The forecasted emissions are insufficiently accurate to allow for creation of a reliable or predictable market signal to incentivize emission reductions. By contrast, carbon taxes, because they do not depend upon a baseline emissions forecast, create a relatively clear level of policy stringency. This difference matters because policies that end up weaker than intended face low odds for strengthening, while those that end up stronger than intended are likely to be weakened. The political asymmetry combined with actual model forecast errors leads to bias in favor of suboptimal, weak, policies for cap-and-trade. This is a serious concern if, as is usually the case, a cap is set based on political bargaining rather than on an optimal balancing of abatement costs and avoided climate damage. By contrast, the same model bias would lead to more environmentally effective than forecast carbon taxes but without the political consequences created by price volatility, were such programs to be implemented in the United States. Thus, while theory tells us that cap-and-trade and carbon taxes can be equivalent, imperfect information leads to suboptimal environmental performance of emissions trading, relative to carbon taxation policies. Policymakers should weigh these practical, information-related concerns when considering approaches to controlling emissions of greenhouse gases.
Unpacking EME Homer: Cost, Proportionality, and Emissions Reductions
Authors: Farber Daniel
Published: February 2022

Interstate air pollution can prevent even the most diligent downwind state from attaining the air quality levels required by federal law. Allocating responsibility for emissions cuts when multiple upwind states contribute to downwind air quality violations presents a particularly difficult problem. Justice Ginsburg’s opinion for the Court in EPA v. EME Homer City Generator, L.P., gives EPA broad discretion to craft regulatory solutions for this problem. Although the specific statutory provision at issue was deceptively simple, the underlying problem was especially complex because of the large number of states involved. Indeed, neither the majority opinion nor the dissent seems to have fully grasped how allocation would work even in some of the simplified numerical examples discussed by the justices. Although the specific question before the Court is now settled, the Court’s holding has continuing ramifications. It will shape further development of EPA’s ongoing efforts to deal with interstate pollution, but it also has broader implications for the role of cost under federal pollution laws. In addition, the decision may have significant implications regarding EPA’s flexibility in mandating state plans to reduce carbon emissions under sections 111(d) and 115 of the Clean Air Act.
Popliteal artery trauma following knee dislocation: A Case Report
Authors: Redha Lakehal  , Farid Aymer  , Soumaya Bendjaballah  , Rabah Daoud  , Khaled Khacha  , Baya Aziza  , Abdelmalek Bouzid
Published: February 2022

The association of knee dislocation and arterial injury is rare, devastating and potentially threatening, usually caused by high-energy trauma. This association is often seen in polytraumatized patients who can progress to ischemia or even amputation [1,2]. Diagnosis is made by standard radiography. A vascular and neurological assessment is necessary. The vascular lesion is identified by angio-CT of the knee. The immediate treatment is reduction and treatment of closed vascular lesions [2,3]. We report a case of knee dislocation with occlusion of the popliteal artery in its articular portion complicated by acute schemia.
Propaganda totalitária e as articulações entre verdade e mentira: uma reflexão a partir de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Ferreira de Matos Freitas Júlio César
Published: February 2022

Este artigo expõe, em primeiro lugar, o que significou a novidade do totalitarismo segundo Hannah Arendt. Em seguida, tecemos algumas considerações acerca da articulação entre verdade, mentira e propaganda nos aparelhamentos ideológicos do Estado totalitário. Assim, assumimos que o acontecimento político que minou a capacidade de agir e a deliberação sobre a vida pública, a saber, o totalitarismo, teve como efeito a cristalização de determinados dilemas éticos e políticos.
Oxygenation and Hemodynamic Changes in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Literature Review
Authors: Firdaus Riyadh , Aida Rosita Tantri
Published: February 2022

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem and the main cause of death and disability worldwide. TBI can causing primary and secondary injury. Primary brain injury occurs within a moment after a collision and worsen by acute systemic damage such as hypoxia, bleeding, and neurotoxic pathway activation. Under normal conditions, brain has several mechanisms for regulating pressure and volume to prevent ischemia. The purpose of these mechanisms is to maintain a continuous cerebral blood flow (CBF) and adequate oxygen supply.
Influence of Governance on Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management in Ruiru Sub-County, Kiambu County
Authors: Gachoki Watetu , Karanja Dennis , Makworo Micah
Published: February 2022

Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste management has remained a big challenge in Africa and other resource constrained settings. However, to achieve sustainability, the gaps in governance of waste management need to be addressed speedily as populations are expanding rapidly, far exceeding available infrastructure and resources. Ruiru subcounty has a rapidly expanding population which has not been matched with sustainable waste management in commercial and residential sectors. This study sought to establish the influence of governance on Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste management in Ruiru Sub-County. Mixed methods research approach and descriptive research design were used in both data collection and analysis. This involved administration of Questionnaires, interviews and observation checklist through an online platform Kobo Collect. Results of the study showed that the County Government and subsequent sub-counties are responsible for waste management. Despites this mandate there are heaps of waste remain in commercial and residential areas. This is attributed to various governance challenges such as lack of prioritization of waste management, limited financial and human resources, minimal community participation, disregard of informal players in waste management cycle, weak implementation and enforcement of waste management policies. While it is desirable to attain sustainable solid waste management in Ruiru, and while the national legal frameworks are in place, there are major challenges and gaps in solid waste governance. Therefore, this study concludes enforceability of mechanisms, adequacy of funding, wholistic involvement of all players remain daunting. Unless these are addressed, sustainable waste management will only remain an unattainable goal.
The order to pay the counter value of disappeared goods in Belgium
Authors: Van Dooren Eric
Published: February 2022

The principles traditionally established by Belgian customs legislation almost always apply without difficulty in hypothesising that the goods to be forfeited could have been seized before the judicial assessment. In the opposite case, and therefore in the absence of the physical presence of the goods, the compulsory nature of the forfeiture will have to take on a less obvious meaning. The Belgian Supreme Court and the Belgian Constitutional Court have always applied a fixed case law in this respect and have consistently ruled that, with a view to the forfeiture of goods that have not been seized, the sentenced party is obliged to present these goods. In the event of failure to do so, the criminal court, to safeguard the rights to those goods, must order the defendant to pay the equivalent value of the goods he does not produce for confiscation at the request of the customs authorities. Such an order does not constitute a criminal penalty but is the civil-law consequence of the criminal conviction for forfeiture. This case law often proves to come up against criticism in legal doctrine. Since 2020 however, the Court of Justice of the European Union has removed the issue from the exclusively national enforcement context. That novelty raises whether criminal and customs legislation also allows for alternative ways of thinking.
Variációk egy témára: kísérletek a virtuális eszközök szabályozására
Authors: Halász Zsolt
Published: February 2022

A virtuális eszközök szabályozása évek óta napirenden lévő témakör, amelynek megoldása, egy felhasználóbarát szabályozási rendszer kialakítása, különösen globálisan (vagy legalább regionálisan) harmonizált módon még jó eséllyel évekig váratni fog magára. A virtuális eszközök egy különleges, előzmények nélküli eszközkategória, megjelenésük és elterjedésük új szabályozási kihívásokat eredményez számos területen, mint például az eszközök kibocsátása, a velük kapcsolatos vagy használatukkal végzett, végrehajtott műveletek és tranzakciók felügyelete (pl. tőzsdei tevékenység, hitelezés és egyéb pénzügyi tevékenységek), az ügyletek adóztatása, számviteli elszámolása, valamint értékpapírjogi kérdések területén is (pl. blokklánc és a megosztott főkönyvi technológia alapú értékpapírok megjelenése). Állami szinten az elmúlt években Európa számos országában részleges vagy átfogó szabályozási törekvéseket és innovatív szabályozási kísérleteket is láthattunk bizonyos rész-témakörökben, különösen Máltán, Németországban Liechtensteiben és Svájcban. Tanulmányom bemutatja néhány európai ország szabályozási megoldásának legfontosabb elemeit, céljait és jellemzőit. 2020 szeptemberében az Európai Bizottság bemutatott egy hat elemből álló szabályozási csomagot a virtuális eszközök és piacok uniós szintű egységes szabályozására. Ennek megfelelően tanulmányomban különös figyelmet fordítok az Európai Bizottság szabályozási csomagjavaslatára, felülvizsgálva és értékelve annak megoldásait, fő elemeit és szabályozási módszereit. Végül, de nem utolsósorban bemutatom azon szabályozási hiányosságoknak tekintendő kérdéseket is, amelyek nem szerepelnek sem a nemzeti jogszabályokban, sem az EU Bizottság javaslatában.
Széttöredezett e-közbeszerzési környezet Németországban
Authors: Kovács László
Published: February 2022

Alkalmazkodás, ez az, amihez az ember igazán ért. Ez a mi nagy előnyünk. Tanulunk, fejlődünk, próbálkozunk és végül generációkon átívelő dolgokat, rendszereket alkotunk. Ámbár az elektronikus közbeszerzés kezdete a kétezres évekre vezethető vissza, kötelező alkalmazása mégis 2018-tól hozott nagy változást. Jelen tanulmányban a szerző arra vállalkozik, hogy röviden bemutassa Németország elektronikus közbeszerzési környezetét, annak tulajdonságait. A megállapítások alapját a tagállami jog és nemzetközi szervezetek elemzése adja. Összességében elmondható, hogy Németország elektronikus közbeszerzési környezetének kialakulását alapjaiban befolyásolta az ország államszerkezete, továbbá az egyénileg fontosnak tartott piaci prioritások érvényesülése, amelyben az állam feladata az egyes rendszerek közötti kapcsolat megteremtése.
Vagyonosodási vizsgálat: kísértő múlt és ígéretes jövő
Authors: Szlifka Gábor
Published: February 2022

Korrupció, feketegazdaság, adóelkerülés – olyan jelenségek, amelyek ellen minden ország kisebb-nagyobb sikerrel küzdeni próbál. Az ezen társadalmi problémákkal kapcsolatos szakirodalom viszonylag egységes abban, hogy prosperáló gazdaság csak a korrupció és a feketegazdaság radikális csökkentésével teremthető meg. Közös jellemzőjük, hogy olyan legális vagy illegális jövedelmek maradnak feltáratlanul, amelyek elkerülik az adózást. Rövid tanulmányomban a korrupciót és az adóelkerülő magatartásokat illető negatív tendenciákra rámutatva kívánok érvelni amellett, hogy az eddig negatív asszociatív tartalommal kitöltött és vagyonosodási vizsgálatnak keresztelt sajátos becslési eljárás fontos állami eszköz lehet a közpénzek fehérítésében. Nemzetközi példákra támaszkodva érvelek amellett, hogy az indirekt bizonyítási módszernek a személyi jövedelemadót illetően is helye van az adóztatásban; sőt, hatékony adótechnikai megoldásokkal egy valóban eredményes és preventív adójogi eszközzé válhat.
Határőrök, vámosok, állambiztonsági és belügyi szervek munkatársainak helytállása 80 évvel ezelőtt, a Szovjetuniót ért váratlan támadás első hónapjaiban
Authors: Deák József
Published: February 2022

A Szovjetunió fennállása idején a rendészeti szervezetek tagjai által elkövetett sorozatos jogsértések már-már teljesen elterelték a figyelmet a hazájuk megtámadásakor szolgálatot teljesítő határőrök és rendőrök emberfeletti erőfeszítéseiről, hősies helytállásáról. Akkor és ott, ők nem az önkényuralmi rendszer fennmaradásáért harcoltak, hanem családjaikért, hazájukért áldozták fel életüket. Csak nagyon kevés ország került ilyen pusztító kataklizmába történelme során. A nagy cselekedetek, a szovjet fegyveres testületeket, beleértve a rendészeti szerveket ért szélsőséges megpróbáltatások, a borzasztó veszteségek egyúttal kiindulópontjai is lettek eseménysorozatoknak a szervezetek történetében. A legújabb történeti kutatások eredményeinek felhasználásával e rendkívüli események közül idézünk fel néhányat abból a célból, hogy példát állítsunk a mai rendészeti szakemberek számára.
Effect of tax avoidance on accounting conservatsim of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman Salami , Barnabas Mensah
Published: February 2022

The study seeks to ascertain the effect of tax avoidance on accounting conservatism of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. The independent variable, tax avoidance was proxied by Generally Accepted Accounting Principle Effective Tax Rate (GETR), Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR) and Book Tax Difference (BTD), while the dependent variable accounting conservatism was measured using Negative Accruals (NA). The control variables utilized were leverage, Return on Asset (ROA) and Firm Size (FS). The study covered a period of seven years (2014-2020) and a population of forty-eight listed non-financial firms on the Nigerian stock exchange. The data was analysed using panel regression technique. From the findings, it was discovered that GETR and BTD significantly affect unconditional conservatism with a negative relationship between the variables. Overall, this paper shows that taxation is a determinant of financial reporting conservatism in Nigeria.
The Analysis of Intelligent Marketing Platform in High-tech Products by Data Mining Algorithm
Authors: Lee Chung-Chih , Tseng Hsing-Chau , Liu Chun-Chu , Chou Huei-Jeng
Published: February 2022

Under the background of the rapid development in internet technology, the whole marketing is developing towards the direction of intelligence and high technology. The novel social network based on internet technology occupies an important part of the marketing, and has also been widely concerned by the academic community, because the internet makes information data transparent, and the mining, analysis and algorithm research of a large amount of data can provide decision support for marketing and intelligent marketing. Modern data mining analysis mode has become the main solution for data problems. With the development of network technology, business intelligence related to the marketing of high-tech products will become the key component of the future business system, which depends on the overall architecture of the cloud and plays a core role in the process of data analysis and mining.
El concepto de impronta y su uso en la literatura de cuidado y rehabilitación de fauna silvestre
Authors: Claudia Brieva , Gutiérrez Germán
Published: February 2022

Las loras del género Amazona se encuentran entre las aves más afectadas por el tráfico ilegal de fauna silvestre. La línea de investigación que sustenta el presente artículo tiene como objetivo entender las diversas formas en que el comportamiento de las loras se ve afectado por el tráfico, que usualmente ocurre cuando los especímenes se encuentran en etapas tempranas del desarrollo y se ven expuestas a personas que pueden producir una respuesta de acostumbramiento ante los humanos. Con el fin de analizar los mecanismos de aprendizaje que median esta respuesta, se realizó una revisión del fenómeno de impronta, encontrando que el término es utilizado de manera imprecisa en la literatura y en contextos de manejo en cautiverio y rehabilitación de fauna silvestre. Se discute el origen y naturaleza de la impronta y se describen sus elementos más característicos, presentando sus bases teóricas y la taxonomía de dicho fenómeno. Se presentan múltiples ejemplos del uso incorrecto del término en la literatura académica y no académica relacionada con el manejo de fauna silvestre. Finalmente, se analizan algunos ejemplos del uso inexacto del concepto, se discuten los errores de interpretación más frecuentes y se sugieren términos más apropiados para referirse a animales acostumbrados al ser humano. El uso impreciso del término está extendido en varios ámbitos del manejo ex situ de fauna silvestre, y debe incentivarse la investigación de diferentes fenómenos conductuales, incluida la impronta, para caracterizar mejor los comportamientos impactados por la interacción de los animales silvestres con el ser humano.