bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Protein Binding by a Nucleopeptide Based on a Thyminedecorated L-Diaminopropanoic Acid through CD and In Silico Studies
Authors: Roviello Valentina , Musumeci Domenica , Mokhir Andriy , Roviello Giovanni N.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Nucleopeptides are chimeric compounds of biomedical importance carrying
DNA nucleobases anchored to peptide backbones with the ascertained capacity to bind nucleic
acids. However, their ability to interact with proteins involved in pathologies of social relevance
is a feature that still requires investigation. The worrying situation currently observed
worldwide for the COVID-19 pandemic urgently requires the research on novel anti-SARSCoV-
2 molecular weapons, whose discovery can be aided by in silico predictive studies.

Objective:

The aim of this work is to explore by spectroscopic methods novel features of a
thymine-bearing nucleopeptide based on L-diaminopropanoic acid, including conformational aspects
as well as its ability to bind proteins, starting from bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model
protein. Moreover, in consideration of the importance of targeting viral proteins in the current
fight against COVID-19, we evaluated in silico the interaction of the nucleopeptide with some
of the most relevant coronavirus protein targets.

Methods:

First, we investigated via circular dichroism (CD) the conformational behaviour of
this thymine-bearing nucleopeptide with temperature: we observed CD spectral changes, particularly
passing from 15 to 35 °C. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of the nucleopeptide
was also conducted on nucleopeptide solid samples. Additionally, CD binding and preliminary
in silico investigations were performed with BSA as a model protein. Moreover, molecular
dockings were run using as targets some of the main SARS-CoV-2 proteins.

Results:

The temperature-dependent CD behaviour reflected the three-dimensional rearrangement
of the nucleopeptide at different temperatures, with higher exposure to the solvent of its
chromophores at higher temperatures compared to a more stacked structure at a low temperature.
SEM analysis of nucleopeptide samples in the solid-state showed a granular morphology,
with a low roughness and some thread structures. Moreover, we found through spectroscopic
studies that the modified peptide bound the albumin target by inducing significant changes to
the protein secondary structure.

Conclusion:

CD and preliminary in silico studies suggested that the nucleopeptide bound the
BSA protein with high affinity according to different binding modes, as testified by binding energy
scores lower than -11 kcal/mol. Interestingly, a predictive study performed on 3CLpro and
other SARS-CoV-2 protein targets suggested the potential ability of the nucleopeptide to bind
with good affinity the main protease of the virus and other relevant targets, including the RNAdependent
RNA polymerase, especially when complexed with RNA, the papain-like protease,
and the coronavirus helicase at the nucleic acid binding site.
New Anticancer Vinca Alkaloids in the Last Decade - A Mini-Review
Authors: Mayer Szabolcs , Keglevich Péter , Keglevich András , Hazai László
Published: February 2021

The chemistry and pharmacology of the important Vinca alkaloids such as vinblastine
and vincristine used in anticancer therapy are still investigated widely. Several new
derivatives, e.g., vinflunine, vinorelbine, and vindesine, have been synthesized and become
successful medicines in anti-cancer therapy. In 2012, we published a paper that reviewed the
Vinca derivatives. Nevertheless, the interest in the preparation of new modified structures is
not decreasing either in recent years. In this review, the vinblastine-type molecules with several
substituents, e.g., amide, nitrile, hydrazide, substituted side chains, etc. in different positions
of catharanthine and/or vindoline cores are presented. An important part of the review is
the derivatization of the monomer alkaloid vindoline, which possesses no antitumor effect.
Additionally, new hybrid molecules of these alkaloids are also discussed in this mini-review.
Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miR-26b-5p is Up-Regulated in the Serum
of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Jiang Liping , Zhang Yuru , Wei Jun , Zhang Le , Jiang Guangwei , Wang Bing
Published: February 2021

Background:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe complication of diabetes; however, the pathogenesis of DR has not been completely clarified, which is mostly dependent on the molecular pathology. To investigate key serum-derived miRNAs associated with DR.

Methods:

miRNA expression profile arrays of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with glucose were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE74296). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to obtain hub miRNAs, which were verified in HUVECs treated with 40 mM and 5 mM glucose, respectively. Meanwhile, serum samples of patients with DR and healthy controls were collected, and EVs were extracted from the patients’ serum by ultracentrifugation. Hub miRNAs associated with endothelial dysfunction were verified in healthy individuals before and after treatment of patients with DR, by qRT-PCR.

Results:

These miRNAs were categorized into six modules, among which miR-26b-5p had a strong association with other modules. This miRNA was also one of the hyperglycemia-induced miRNAs related to endothelial dysfunction. miR-26b-5p was upregulated in HUVECs treated with 40 mM glucose and in the serum of patients with DR before and after treatment Furthermore, miR-26b-5p was slightly up-regulated in serum-derived EVs but not in serum without EVs in DM patients.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that EVs derived from miR-26b-5p are up-regulated in the serum of patients with DR.
Two Promising Anti-Cancer Compounds, 2-Hydroxycinnaldehyde and 2-
Benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde: Where do we stand?
Authors: Iqbal Haroon , Menaa Farid , Khan Naveed Ullah , Razzaq Anam , Khan Zaheer Ullah , Ullah Kifayat , Kamal Robia , Sohail Muhammad , Thiripuranathar Gobika , Uzair Bushra , Rana Nosheen Fatima , Khan Barkat Ali , Menaa Bouzid
Published: February 2021

:

Natural bioactive compounds with anti-carcinogenic activity are gaining tremendous interest in the field of oncology. Cinnamon, an aromatic condiment commonly used in tropical regions, appeared incredibly promising as adjuvant for cancer therapy. Indeed, its whole or active parts (e.g., bark, leaf) exhibited significant anti-carcinogenic activity, which is mainly due to two cinnamaldehyde derivatives, namely 2-hydroxycinnaldehyde (HCA) and 2-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde (BCA). In addition to their anti-cancer activity, HCA and BCA exert immunomodulatory, anti-platelets, and anti-inflammatory activities. Highly reactive α,ß-unsaturated carbonyl pharmacophore, called Michael acceptor, contribute to their therapeutic effects. The molecular mechanisms, underlying their anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic effects are miscellaneous, strongly suggesting that these compounds are multi-targeting compounds. Nevertheless, unravelling the exact molecular mechanisms of HCA and BCA remain a challenging matter which is necessary for optimal controlled-drug targeting delivery, safety, and efficiency. Eventually, their poor pharmacological properties (e.g., systemic bioavailability and solubility) represent a limitation, and depend both on their administration route (e.g., per os, intravenously) and the nature of the formulation (e.g., free, smart nano-).
This concise review focused on the potential of HCA and BCA as adjuvants in Cancer. We described their medicinal effects as well as provide an update about their molecular mechanisms reported either in-vitro, ex-vivo, or in animal models.
Evaluation of Dermorphin Metabolism Using Zebrafish Water Tank Model and Human Liver Microsomes
Authors: de L. Castro Juliana , Pereira Henrique M.G. , de Sousa Valéria P. , Martucci Maria E.P.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Dermorphin is a heptapeptide with an analgesic potential higher than morphine that does not present the same risk for the development of tolerance. These pharmacological features make dermorphin a potential doping agent in competitive sports and is already prohibited for racehorses. For athletes, the development of an efficient strategy to monitor for its abuse necessitates an investigation of the metabolism of dermorphin in humans.

Methods:

Here, human liver microsomes and zebrafish were utilized as model systems of human metabolism to evaluate the presence and kinetics of metabolites derived from dermorphin. Five hours after its administration, the presence of dermorphin metabolites could be detected in both models by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry.

Results:

Although the two models showed common results, marked differences were also observed in relation to the formed metabolites. Six putative metabolites, based on their exact masses of m/z 479.1915, m/z 501.1733, m/z 495.1657, m/z 223.1073, m/z 180.1017 and m/z 457.2085, are proposed to represent the metabolic pattern of dermorphin. The major metabolite generated from the administration of dermorphin in both models was YAFG-OH (m/z 457.2085), which is the N-terminal tetrapeptide previously identified from studies with rats.

Conclusion:

Its extensive characterization and commercial availability suggests that it could serve as a primary target analyte for the detection of dermorphin misuse. The metabolomics approach also allowed the assignment of other confirmatory metabolites.
Canonical Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Network as Emerging Signaling Cascade for Therapeutic Intervention in Chronic Renal Disease
Authors: Soni Hitesh
Published: February 2021

The socio-economic burden of renal disease is enormous due to the unavailability of effective
treatment to cure it. High risk patients have only two costly options in chronic renal disease,
dialysis and renal replacement therapy (RRT). RRT has limitations of the organ donor, and ethical
concerns are also associated with it. The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway is highly conserved and active
during embryogenesis in early life but suppressed in adults. Animal studies suggested that knockdown
of Wnt protein led to abnormal kidney development at birth. In the adult kidney, Wnt/beta--
catenin pathway activation led to tissue repair after acute injury, but sustained activation is harmful
and involved in renal fibrosis. Recently, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade has emerged as a potential
pathway involved in adult renal diseases and is considered an attractive therapeutic target
for developing effective therapeutic intervention. Precise information about the involvement of specific
types of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway components in adult renal disease using cutting-edge
molecular techniques will help develop novel therapies for renal diseases. Future studies will determine
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling proteins' effectiveness and safety as a treatment option for renal disorders.
Withdrawal Notice: Mortality, prevalence, and possible therapeutics to treat diabetic patients infected with nCOVID-19
Authors: Ashique Sumel , Sandhu Navjot K
Published: February 2021

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor of the journal Current Diabetes Reviews, due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

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Ippolito Nievo. Portrait of the Writer as an Old Man
Authors: Nannicini Chiara
Published: February 2021

Ippolito Nievo’s long autobiographical novel, Confessions of an Italian (Confessioni di un italiano), also known as ‘Confessions of an Octogenarian’ (Confessioni di un ottuagenario), in reference to its 80-year-old narrator, was actually written when the writer was…twenty-nine. The narrator takes on the role of an old man reflecting on his own life – from childhood, through youth until middle and old age – making the reader believe that he is dealing with the memories of a life already lived. Indeed, Nievo must have taken inspiration from his grandfather’s life at the turn of the nineteenth century to which he added his own experience. The irony of fate is well-known: The author died at the age of 29 and the unfinished novel was published in 1867, six years after his death. Since then, it has remained an outstanding literary specimen in both Italian and European literature. In this paper, we will dwell in particular on the clever outline of the narrator. The distance between the real and the fake narrator certainly belongs to the purest autobiographical tradition, and yet it offers here a further challenge to the writer, constantly trying to share his lifelong experience with the reader and the character himself. All things considered, Nievo foresaw both his own life and how he would have written it, as if he had already lived it and was about to die.
Contribution of General Principles of International Law in Progressive Development of Transboundary Aquifers
Authors: Alexander Atul , Mishra Anushna
Published: February 2021

Man’s ruthless exploitation of natural resources means that we are housed in a resource-deprived world. The tug of war for meager resources has led to many conflicts between States that we witness today. At the heart of the whole debate on resource crunch is the issue of shared natural resources between States. International law has formulated several legal instruments to govern the shared transboundary resources, laws on transboundary aquifers being one. The objective of this paper is to unlock the general principles of international law that regulate the transboundary aquifers. In this regard, the paper has been apportioned into three sections. The first section sets the tone by detailing the provisions of the 2008 Draft Articles on the Transboundary Aquifers dealing with general principles. The second segment of the paper lays down the cardinal principles regulating transboundary aquifers, which range from sustainable development to the principle of good faith. The final portion delves into the Israel-Palestine dispute and the India-Pakistan Indus Waters Treaty in the context of transboundary aquifers.
The Victims’ Court? An Analysis of the Participation of Victims of Sexual Violence in International Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Suresh Veena
Published: February 2021

The inclusion of a victim participation scheme within the framework of the ICC is revolutionary under the domain of International Criminal Law. The scheme grants unprecedented rights for victims to participate in proceedings outside of witness capacity, as provided for at the ad hoc tribunals. This article aims to critically evaluate the ICC’s victim participation scheme for victims of sexual violence. It will do so by investigating the participation scheme to establish whether it embodies inherent limits, and, if so, to assess the impact of these limitations on victims of sexual violence.

            While the inclusion of a participation scheme for victims is commendable, this paper finds that there is still a long way to go before victims of sexual violence have access to a form of participation that is meaningful, in that it encompasses the participation envisaged in the provisions of the Rome Statute and considers victims’ needs and expectations. This article argues that several institutional and procedural changes are required before victims of sexual violence are adequately served by the participation scheme. Lessons learnt from practice include the need for a harmonised participation procedure, providing victims of sexual violence with an influence on the charges brought against an accused, assigning collective legal representation based on crimes suffered, and encouraging resource allocation into investigating sexual crimes and non-judicial programmes that will benefit victims of sexual violence that are unable to access participatory and reparatory rights.
Basic Medical Training for Refugees via Collaborative Blended Learning: Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Lovey Thibault , O'Keeffe Paul , Petignat Ianis
Published: February 2021

Background

Globally, there is an excess of 68.5 million people who have been forced to leave their homes and seek sanctuary elsewhere because of poverty, persecution, conflict, violence, and human rights violations. Although international humanitarian responses usually focus on ensuring that the basic needs of these people are being met, there is growing attention on the role that development-oriented interventions can play in the longer term. Higher education in a refugee context is one such intervention that can equip refugees with the knowledge and skills they need to serve their communities and move forward.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the outcomes and effectiveness of the University of Geneva InZone-Raft Basic Medical Training Course in the Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya compared with a previous incarnation of the same course in the Dadaab refugee camp in Kenya.

Methods

We used a quasi-experimental design to compare the posttest scores of both inequivalent student groups: control group (n=18) and intervention group (n=16). Factors that influenced refugee students’ knowledge acquisition, the amount of knowledge they acquired, and their academic outcomes were assessed, and the pedagogical evolution of the project is presented.

Results

We found that the Kakuma intervention course yielded better outcomes and was more effective in terms of learning than the Dadaab control course. Of the 16 students who took part in the intervention course, 10 (63%) completed the program successfully and received accreditation from the University of Geneva. We observed that they received new knowledge well and scored higher on all learning modalities than those in the control course. Comparison of written and oral examinations between the courses showed statistical significance for the intervention group in written and oral exams (two-tailed: P=.006 and P=.05; one-tailed: P=.003 and P=.03, respectively). The Kakuma course was not effective in addressing electricity and internet access problems, nor in reducing the challenge of tight deadlines in the syllabus. Pedagogical adjustments to the intervention course improved student involvement, with higher participation rates in quizzes (10/11, 91%), and overall satisfaction and learning.

Conclusions

The intervention group—with an improved mode of delivery, better contextualized content, and further interaction—reached a higher level of medical knowledge acquisition and developed more complex questions on medical topics than the control group. The positive outcome of this project shows that given the right resources and support, refugees can contribute to the improvement and development of health care in their communities. Nonetheless, a more focused effort is necessary to meet the educational needs of refugee learners and better understand their living conditions.
Fostering Engagement With Health and Housing Innovation: Development of Participant Personas in a Social Housing Cohort
Authors: Williams Andrew James , Menneer Tamaryn , Sidana Mansi , Walker Tim , Maguire Kath , Mueller Markus , Paterson Cheryl , Leyshon Michael , Leyshon Catherine , Seymour Emma , Howard Zoë , Bland Emma , Morrissey Karyn , Taylor Timothy J
Published: February 2021

Background

Personas, based on customer or population data, are widely used to inform design decisions in the commercial sector. The variety of methods available means that personas can be produced from projects of different types and scale.

Objective

This study aims to experiment with the use of personas that bring together data from a survey, household air measurements and electricity usage sensors, and an interview within a research and innovation project, with the aim of supporting eHealth and eWell-being product, process, and service development through broadening the engagement with and understanding of the data about the local community.

Methods

The project participants were social housing residents (adults only) living in central Cornwall, a rural unitary authority in the United Kingdom. A total of 329 households were recruited between September 2017 and November 2018, with 235 (71.4%) providing complete baseline survey data on demographics, socioeconomic position, household composition, home environment, technology ownership, pet ownership, smoking, social cohesion, volunteering, caring, mental well-being, physical and mental health–related quality of life, and activity. K-prototype cluster analysis was used to identify 8 clusters among the baseline survey responses. The sensor and interview data were subsequently analyzed by cluster and the insights from all 3 data sources were brought together to produce the personas, known as the Smartline Archetypes.

Results

The Smartline Archetypes proved to be an engaging way of presenting data, accessible to a broader group of stakeholders than those who accessed the raw anonymized data, thereby providing a vehicle for greater research engagement, innovation, and impact.

Conclusions

Through the adoption of a tool widely used in practice, research projects could generate greater policy and practical impact, while also becoming more transparent and open to the public.
Stigma as a Barrier to Participant Recruitment of Minority Populations in Diabetes Research: Development of a Community-Centered Recruitment Approach
Authors: Mitchell Suzanne , Bragg Alexa , Moldovan Ioana , Woods Shakiyla , Melo Katherine , Martin-Howard Jessica , Gardiner Paula
Published: February 2021

Background

The development of evidence-based care geared towards Black and Latina women living with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes is contingent upon their active recruitment into clinical interventions. Well-documented impediments to recruitment include a historical mistrust of the research community and socioeconomic factors that limit awareness and access to research studies. Although sociocultural and socioeconomic factors deter minorities from participating in clinical research, it is equally important to consider the role of stigma in chronic disease intervention studies.

Objective

We aim to share our discovery of diabetes-related stigma as an underrecognized impediment to recruitment for the Women in Control 2.0 virtual diabetes self-management education study.

Methods

Our initial recruitment plan used traditional strategies to recruit minority women with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, which included letters and phone calls to targeted patients, referrals from clinicians, and posted flyers. After engaging a patient advisory group and consulting with experts in community advocacy, diabetes-related stigma emerged as a prominent barrier to recruitment. The study team reviewed and revised recruitment scripts and outreach material in order to better align with the lived experience and needs of potential enrollees.

Results

Using a more nuanced, community-centered recruitment approach, we achieved our target recruitment goal, enrolling 309 participants into the study, exceeding our target of 212.

Conclusions

There is a need for updated recruitment methods that can increase research participation of patients who experience internalized diabetes stigma. To address disparities in minority health, further research is needed to better understand diabetes-related stigma and devise strategies to avert or address it.
Fostering Engagement With Health and Housing Innovation: Development of Participant Personas in a Social Housing Cohort (Preprint)
Authors: Williams Andrew James , Menneer Tamaryn , Sidana Mansi , Walker Tim , Maguire Kath , Mueller Markus , Paterson Cheryl , Leyshon Michael , Leyshon Catherine , Seymour Emma , Howard Zoë , Bland Emma , Morrissey Karyn , Taylor Timothy J
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Personas, based on customer or population data, are widely used to inform design decisions in the commercial sector. The variety of methods available means that personas can be produced from projects of different types and scale.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to experiment with the use of personas that bring together data from a survey, household air measurements and electricity usage sensors, and an interview within a research and innovation project, with the aim of supporting eHealth and eWell-being product, process, and service development through broadening the engagement with and understanding of the data about the local community.

METHODS

The project participants were social housing residents (adults only) living in central Cornwall, a rural unitary authority in the United Kingdom. A total of 329 households were recruited between September 2017 and November 2018, with 235 (71.4%) providing complete baseline survey data on demographics, socioeconomic position, household composition, home environment, technology ownership, pet ownership, smoking, social cohesion, volunteering, caring, mental well-being, physical and mental health–related quality of life, and activity. K-prototype cluster analysis was used to identify 8 clusters among the baseline survey responses. The sensor and interview data were subsequently analyzed by cluster and the insights from all 3 data sources were brought together to produce the personas, known as the Smartline Archetypes.

RESULTS

The Smartline Archetypes proved to be an engaging way of presenting data, accessible to a broader group of stakeholders than those who accessed the raw anonymized data, thereby providing a vehicle for greater research engagement, innovation, and impact.

CONCLUSIONS

Through the adoption of a tool widely used in practice, research projects could generate greater policy and practical impact, while also becoming more transparent and open to the public.
Terbukanya Ruang Baru bagi Agama Lokal: Studi Kasus Penerimaan Majelis Eklasing Budi Murko (MEBM) di Desa Salamrejo
Authors: Heraningtyas Rosemeini
Published: February 2021

Eksklusi sosial yang terjadi pada penghayat kepercayaan Majelis Eklasing Budi Murko (MEBM) di Desa Salamrejo, Kecamatan Sentolo, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, menghambat mereka untuk berpartisipasi aktif. Eksklusi sosial ini disebabkan oleh perbedaan keyakinan antara kelompok mayoritas beragama dan kelompok minoritas penghayat kepercayaan. Melalui persoalan tersebut, ketersediaan ruang peran menjadi jawaban dalam mencapai inklusi sosial yang diciptakan oleh organisasi masyarakat sipil tanpa menyinggung kelompok mayoritas di Desa Salamrejo. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan pengangkatan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal merupakan kunci dasar penempatan ruang peran yang mampu memberikan pengaruh pada penerimaan sosial, akses layanan, dan kebijakan berupa pelibatan penghayat sebagai panitia Tirta Sapto Pratolo yang diatur dalam Peraturan Desa No. 7 Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pendekatan kearifan lokal dan ruang peran merupakan cara baru dalam menyikapi eksklusi sosial kelompok minoritas.
Cultural Capitals: Modeling Minor European Literature
Authors: Erlin Matt , Piper Andrew , Knox Douglas , Pentecost Stephen , Drouillard Michaela , Powell Brian , Townson Cienna
Published: February 2021

Conceived against the backdrop of ongoing debates regarding the status of national literary traditions in world literature, this essay offers a computational analysis of how national attention is distributed in contemporary fiction across multiple national contexts. Building on the work of Pascale Casanova, we ask how different national literatures engage with national themes and whether this engagement can be linked to one’s position within a global cultural hierarchy. Our data consists of digital editions of 200 works of prize-winning fiction, divided into four subcorpora of equal size: U.S.-American, French, German, and a collection of novels drawn from 19 different “minor” European languages. We ultimately find no evidence to support Casanova’s theory that minor literatures are more nationalistic than literature produced within major cultural capitals. Indeed, the evidence points to the exact opposite effect: all three of the models we employ suggest that novels written in more minor languages tend to be significantly less nationalistically focused than those written in European centres like France or Germany. Nevertheless our data do confirm Casanova’s larger hypothesis of the existence of visible stylistic effects associated with a book’s location within a global cultural hierarchy of languages.
Research on Performance Management of PPP Project in China
Authors: Fuya Cai , Jiaxin Mo , Lizi Xie , Hao Ye
Published: February 2021

PPP (Public-Private Partnership) project performance management refers to the project management activities such as performance targets and indicators management, performance monitoring, performance evaluation and result application in the whole life cycle of PPP project. At present, under the background that most PPP projects have started, constructed and operated one after another, strengthening the performance management of PPP projects has become the focus of attention of all parties. This paper sorts out the general situation of PPP project performance evaluation management based on questionnaires and expert interviews, discusses and analyzes the key points of PPP project overall performance, success factors, problems in project implementation, clearing out of library, application of performance evaluation results, and future development trend, and puts forward opinions and suggestions to guide all parties to standardize the implementation of PPP projects in the next step.
Endovascular treatment with the Enterprise stent versus the Neuroform or Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support stent for unruptured aneurysms
Authors: Leacy Reade De , Kottenmeier Emilie , Lee Stephanie HY , Khanna Rahul , Spiotta Alejandro M
Published: February 2021

Aim:
To compare outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) with the Enterprise stent versus the Neuroform or Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stent.
Patients & methods:
Patients undergoing endovascular procedure for UIA were classified into Enterprise stent and Neuroform or LVIS stent group. Groups were propensity-score matched and generalized estimating equations were used for outcomes assessment.
Results:
There were no significant between-group differences in length of stay or mortality. The Enterprise group had significantly lower odds of UIA-related inpatient readmissions versus the Neuroform/LVIS group (odds ratio: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.42–0.91).
Conclusion:
Enterprise stent use was associated with significantly lower readmissions versus competitor stent, with no difference in other study outcomes.
Estimates of the value of life lost from COVID-19 in Ohio
Authors: Mallow Peter J
Published: February 2021

The economic burden of mortality due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) extends beyond the lives lost. Data from the Ohio Department of Public Health and Social Security Administration was used to estimate the years of potential life lost, 72,274 and economic value of those lost lives, US$17.39 billion. These estimates may be used to assess the risk-trade off of COVID-19 mitigation strategies in Ohio.
УНИФИЦИРОВАННЫЕ ИНТЕРФЕЙСНЫЕ МОДУЛИ ДЛЯ ПЛАТФОРМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДВИГАТЕЛЯМИ
Authors: Воробьев М.М. , Лялин К.С. , Переверзев А.Л. , Суворов Д.А. , Филимонов Р.Э.
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматриваются архитектура построения, способы унификации и практическая реализация интерфейсных модулей для цифровой модульной системы управления приводами и электродвигателями различного типа.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ КАТУШЕЧНЫХ ПАР В СОСТАВЕ LC-КОНТУРОВ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМ ЧРЕСКОЖНОЙ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ЭНЕРГИИ
Authors: Аубакиров Р.Р. , Данилов А.А.
Published: February 2021

Выполнен расчет шести пар плоских концентрических катушек при рабочих частотах 66, 220 и 880 кГц для выходной мощности 10 Вт системы беспроводной передачи энергии для питания имплантируемой медицинской техники. Предложены рекомендации для разработки катушечной пары.
ГЕТЕРОЭПИТАКСИЯ GA(AL)N ДЛЯ СИЛОВЫХ HEMT НА СВЕРХВЫСОКООМНЫХ СТРУКТУРАХ КРЕМНИЯ
Authors: Федотов С.Д. , Лундин В.В. , Заварин Е.Е. , Цацульников А.Ф. , Соколов Е.М. , Стаценко В.Н.
Published: February 2021

Продемонстрированы новые результаты разработки отечественной технологии Ga(Al)N-on-Si. Разработка ведется АО «Эпиэл» в тесном сотрудничестве с НТЦ микроэлектроники РАН. Получены первые отечественные гетероэпитаксиальные структуры Ga(Al)N/Si диаметром 100 мм для HEMT-транзисторов с подвижностью электронов в канале 2DEG выше 1500 см2В-1с-1, выращенные на сверхвысокоомных эпитаксиальных структурах Si на МОГФЭ-системе Dragon-125, разработанной в НТЦ микроэлектроники РАН.
Migración escolar transnacional y propuestas de atención a la diversidad en la formación docente
Authors: Sánchez García Juan
Published: February 2021

La migración escolar de retorno o llegada por primera vez de Estados Unidos a México de niños, adolescentes y jóvenes es un fenómeno que ha sido de interés de investigadores sociales en las últimas dos décadas. En la actualidad, esta situación compleja se ha ido incrementando, cuestión que representa un desafío para el sistema educativo mexicano. Este ensayo tiene como propósito presentar una serie de argumentaciones a partir del análisis longitudinal (15 años) de investigaciones sociales sobre la atención educativa de alumnos transnacionales. Se explica la migración escolar transnacional y su problemática en el sistema educativo mexicano, el retorno o llegada por primera vez a las escuelas, la formación docente y la atención a la diversidad. En una etapa de cambios en el sistema educativo nacional, los planteamientos presentados están orientados al establecimiento de propuestas en la formación inicial de docentes en México. La atención a la diversidad con un enfoque sociocultural se propone como una propuesta educativa en las instituciones formadoras de docentes.

 
Capital social migrante y formación. El caso de una familia oriunda de la mixteca poblana
Authors: Franco García Martha Josefina
Published: February 2021

Este estudio de corte cualitativo revisa la migración como un legado parental en una familia migrante oriunda de la mixteca poblana. Realizamos un estudio de caso a partir de tres generaciones empleando entrevistas a profundidad para hacer un cruce entre la formación y el capital social migrante que poseen sus integrantes. Recuperamos la formación de estos sujetos como un aspecto relevante en sus trayectorias de vida, ya que se advierte el interés de esta familia de origen campesino por la escolarización de sus hijos.  Por ello, su característica es que la segunda y tercera generaciones tuvieron la posibilidad de acceder a la educación superior. Entre los hallazgos, podemos mencionar dos. Primero, que las instituciones educativas en las que se formaron estos sujetos impactaron en sus intereses de vida allende las fronteras y segundo, que después de la primera generación, la formación les permitió que la migración fuera un recurso estratégico para sus proyectos familiares y personales.

 
El anti-malinchismo contra el mexicano-transnacional: cómo se puede transformar esa frontera limitante
Authors: Kasun G. Sue , Mora Pablo Irasema
Published: February 2021

El presente ensayo crítico tiene como propósito visibilizar la injustica hacia la juventud transnacional migrante que retorna al país de origen de sus padres. Con base en una teoría poscolonial, reconocemos cómo los mexicanos al interior de México manifiestan una ira mojigata ante la colonización. Sin embargo, argumentamos que el mito nacional de Malinche como una traidora induce una tendencia decolonial hacia aquellos mexicanos que tratan de sobrevivir cuando llegan a Estados Unidos y tras su regreso a México. Tomamos el mito de la Malinche, a quien reconocemos por su fuerza histórica, y lo esquematizamos en los retornados transnacionales. Los testimonios de los mexicanos retornados transnacionales que se presentan en este ensayo dan cuenta de historias de pena intensa y confusión sobre cómo sus identidades fueron, o no fueron, reconocidas a su regreso a México. Al mismo tiempo, estos mexicanos retornados demostraban un conocimiento de ellos mismos que revela una variedad rica de hibridaciones que apelan a quiénes fueron y a quiénes son actualmente. En este ensayo, discutimos la necesidad de proponer un cambio de discurso, para hacerlo más inclusivo. Será la hibridez de su discurso lo que nos permita aprender de ellos para involucrarnos de una mejor manera en un mundo cada vez más multicultural.
Digital mapping of soil erosion using ordinal regression
Authors: Buryak Z.A. , Ukrainsky P.A. , Lukin S.V. , Terekhin E.A.
Published: February 2021

The authors describe a methodology of automated making soil erosion class maps using ordinal logistic regression, where relief characteristics are predictors. For mapping, a probabilistic approach is used, in which it is proposed to evaluate the possibility of belonging to several arbitrary erosion classes for each point in space
GNSS-stations velocity database on the East European Craton for research and practical applications
Authors: Gorshkov V.L. , Mokhnatkin A.V. , Shcherbakova N.V.
Published: February 2021

This paper contains the description and principles underlying the development of the velocities database of almost 500 GNSS stations with an observational duration of more than two years. They are mainly located in the territory of Eastern and Northern Europe. Various station-motion models, a multi-step technique for filtering the outliers, estimation of errors for station velocities considering different types of noise distribution as well as accounting discontinues in position time-series of stations are used when creating this base. More than 60 % of the stations are owned and constantly updated with data from various geodetic institutions of the Russian Federation. All the data is presented for the first time within one homogeneously processed database. Velocity field of the stations was used for studying the motion of the East European Craton and its parts, Baltic Shield and Russian Plate. An example of atmospheric parametres monitoring for a particularly dense network of this base around the Gulf of Finland is also given.
Estrategias para fortalecer la humanización de los servicios en salud en urgencias
Authors: Pabón-Ortíz Erika María , Mora-Cruz Jop Vann-Derth , Castiblanco-Montañez Ruth Alexandra , Buitrago-Buitrago Carmen Yaneth
Published: February 2021

Introducción: La humanización es un factor ético imprescindible y un atributo de la atención en salud. Estudios previos en la institución donde se realizó la investigación se identificaron: la falta de comunicación (80 a 90%), deficiencia en la capacitación del personal (52%), la sobrecarga (25%) y el estrés laboral (22%), como los principales factores relacionados con la deshumanización en la atención de enfermería en urgencias, desde la percepción de los pacientes y del personal. Objetivo: Describir estrategias que fortalezcan el componente de humanización en la prestación de servicios de salud en urgencias de un hospital de cuarto nivel.  Metodología: Revisión integrativa en la que se estudiaron 29 investigaciones originales, artículos y literatura gris, publicados en español, inglés y portugués. En su mayoría son indexados y se obtuvieron en revistas de ciencias de la salud mediante las siguientes bases de datos: EBSCOHost, CINAHL, OVID y en el metabuscador de Google Académico; también se  tuvieron en cuenta los términos DeCS, MeSH, humanización de la atención, atención de enfermería y urgencias médicas. Es un estudio sin riesgo ético por ser de tipo documental.   Resultados: Las estrategias que se reportaron como efectivas y que inciden en los factores relacionados con la falta de humanización son: ausencia de capacitación en competencia de compasión, mindfulness y habilidades blandas; como también, la desinformación en el área de especialización y el aumento de la razón enfermero-paciente. Conclusiones: Las estrategias en mención mejoran la empatía, conciencian el presente, favorecen la comunicación, proporcionan habilidades para el éxito de la atención y disminuyen la sobrecarga laboral.
PORTUGUÊS LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA (PLE) NA CHINA: REFLEXÕES TEÓRICAS E PRÁTICAS SOBRE O LUGAR DA GRAMÁTICA NO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Zhang Xiang
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar ao mundo da língua portuguesa o panorama geral do ensino-aprendizagem de Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE) na China, onde a presença da língua e cultura portuguesa tem sido cada vez mais expressiva no âmbito de cursos de graduação em Línguas Estrangeiras (LEs) nas ultimas duas décadas. A partir da experiência pedagógica e no posicionamento de um professor de PLE em formação, o autor reflete o lugar da gramática no contexto de PLE, investiga os sentidos da gramática e métodos de ensino de línguas estrangeiras, propostos pelos pesquisadores da área (TRAVAGLIA, 2005; LEFFA, 1988), e particularmente evidenciados nos livros didáticos de PLE para chineses, por fim, ressalta a relevância de professores repensarem como ensinar a gramática nas aulas de PLE para que os alunos chineses possam interagir com a língua portuguesa de forma mais adequada e eficaz. Assim promove uma melhor formação de talentos de língua e cultura portuguesas no espaço asiático e mais interações entre a China e os países de língua portuguesa.
O ESTADO, AS DIFICULDADES E AS CONTRAMEDIDAS DO CURSO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA NA CHINA CONTINENTAL SOB A ESTRATÉGIA "UM CINTURÃO E UMA ROTA" – TENDO A UNIVERSIDADE DE ESTUDOS INTERNACIONAIS DE SICHUAN COMO EXEMPLO
Authors: Tang Sijuan
Published: February 2021

Com o aquecimento global da estratégia "um Cinturão e uma Rota", desde 2016, os países de língua portuguesa têm expressado o seu desejo de se juntar aos países pertencidos a "Um Cinturão e Uma Rota", o que aumentou ainda mais a demanda por talentos em língua portuguesa. Especialmente nas necessidades de treino dos talentos compostos, de acordo com a estratégia nacional, este artigo tem o exemplo da língua portuguesa da Universidade de Estudos Internacionais de Sichuan e combina a situação atual do ensino do português chinês para analisar o estado da construção da língua portuguesa a partir dos aspectos de ensino e aprendizagem de língua portuguesa, plano letivo de curso, formação de talentos e consolidação de equipa de docentes, oferecem ainda as propostas práticas. Espero fornecer alguma inspiração para a construção e o desenvolvimento do curso da língua portuguesa na China Continental sob o contexto de “Um Cinturão e Uma Rota”.
READING SKILLS AND PRIOR KNOWLEDGE IN THE COMPREHENSION OF CAUSAL RELATIONS: MULTIPLE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FORMAL SCHOOLING, TYPE OF INFORMATION AND COHESION MARKERS
Authors: Zunino Gabriela Mariel
Published: February 2021

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the interactions between reading skills, readers’ prior knowledge and the linguistic characteristics of texts, specifically during the comprehension of causal relations in Spanish. Within this framework, we also attempt to provide psycholinguistic evidence that will help us understand text-based learning processes. We present two psycholinguistic experiments to analyze the link between prior knowledge and readers’ formal schooling level with text variables, such as absence/ presence of connectives and the structure of causal relations during the text comprehension process. This gives us the possibility to simultaneously analyze several interactions. We evaluated response time, reading time, and accuracy in the responses. Our results show that not involving prior knowledge changes causal relations comprehension patterns, but also that in these cases, the presence of connectives not only facilitates the comprehension process but rather is a condition to make it possible. We also discuss the need to differentiate general reading skills from the area of expertise that the subjects may have, since these variables connect in specific ways with the different text types. In order to boost text-based learning processes it is necessary to display a clear range of conclusions referring to these multiple interactions.
Differentiating Impacts of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Non-Coronavirus-Disease-2019 Respiratory Viral Infections: Hospital-Based Retrospective Observational Study in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Po-Liang , Chu Isaac Yen-Hao , Yeh Mei-Lin , Chen Yin-Yin , Lee Chia-Lin , Lin Hsiao-Hsuan , Chan Yu-Jiun , Chen Hsin-Pai
Published: February 2021

Background Physical distancing and facemask use are worldwide recognized
as effective non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since January 2020, Taiwan has
introduced both NPIs but their effectiveness on non-COVID-19 respiratory
viruses (NCRVs) remain underexplored. Methods This retrospective
observational study examined electronic records at a tertiary hospital
in northern Taiwan from pre-COVID (January–December 2019) to post-COVID
period (January–May 2020). Patients with respiratory syndromes were
tested for both enveloped (e.g. influenza virus and seasonal
coronavirus) and non-enveloped RVs (e.g. enterovirus and rhinovirus)
using multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays.
Monthly positivity rates of NCRVs among adult and pediatric patients
were analyzed with comparison between pre- and post-COVID periods.
Results A total of 9693 patients underwent 12127 multiplex RT-PCR tests.
The average positivity rate of NCRVs reduced by 11.2% (25.6% to
14.4%) after nationwide PHIs. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the most
commonly identified enveloped and non-enveloped viruses were influenza
virus and enterovirus/rhinovirus, respectively. Observed reduction in
NCRV incidence was predominantly contributed by enveloped NCRVs
including influenza viruses. We did not observe epidemiological impacts
of NPIs on non-enveloped viruses but an increasing trend in
enterovirus/rhinovirus test positivity rate among pediatric patients.
Our data were validated using Taiwan’s national notification database.
Conclusions Our frontline investigation suggests that the current NPIs
in Taiwan might not effectively control the transmission of
non-enveloped respiratory viruses, despite their protective effects
against influenza and seasonal coronavirus. Hydrogen peroxide or
chloride-based disinfectants should be integrated into national
preventative strategies against respiratory viral infections in the
post-COVID-19 era.