bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postpartum Readmission for Hypertension After Discharge on Labetalol or Nifedipine
Authors: Do Samantha C. , Leonard Stephanie A. , Kan Peiyi , Panelli Danielle M. , Girsen Anna I. , Lyell Deirdre J. , El-Sayed Yasser Y. , Druzin Maurice L. , Herrero Tiffany
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE:

To assess whether readmission for hypertension by 6 weeks postpartum differed between patients discharged on nifedipine or labetalol.

METHODS:

This cohort study included patients with delivery admissions from 2006 to 2017 who were discharged from the hospital on nifedipine or labetalol and were included in a large, national adjudicated claims database. We identified patients' discharge medication based on filled outpatient prescriptions. We compared rates of hospital readmission for hypertension between patients discharged postpartum on labetalol alone, nifedipine alone, or combined nifedipine and labetalol. Patients with chronic hypertension without superimposed preeclampsia were excluded. Comparisons based on medication were performed using logistic regression models with adjustment for prespecified confounders. Comparisons were also stratified by hypertensive disorder of pregnancy severity.

RESULTS:

Among 1,582,335 patients overall, 14,112 (0.89%) were discharged postpartum on labetalol, 9,001 (0.57%) on nifedipine, and 1,364 (0.09%) on both medications. Postpartum readmissions for hypertension were more frequent for patients discharged on labetalol compared with nifedipine (641 patients vs 185 patients, 4.5% vs 2.1%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.63, 95% CI 1.43–1.85). Readmissions for hypertension were more frequent for patients discharged on labetalol compared with nifedipine for both mild (4.5% vs 2.7%, aOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.29–1.93) and severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (261 patients vs 72 patients, 5.7% vs 3.2%, aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.43–1.85). Readmissions for hypertension were more frequent on combined nifedipine and labetalol compared with nifedipine (3.1% vs 2.1%), but the odds were lower after confounder adjustment (aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–0.99).

CONCLUSION:

Postpartum discharge on labetalol was associated with increased risk of readmission for hypertension compared with discharge on nifedipine.
Otopathologic and Computed Tomography Correlation of Internal Auditory Canal Diverticula in Otosclerosis
Authors: Wells Dawson , Knoll Renata M. , Kozin Elliott , Chen Jenny X. , Reinshagen Katherine L. , Staecker Hinrich , Curtin Hugh D. , McKenna Michael J. , Nadol Joseph B. , Quesnel Alicia M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Internal auditory canal (IAC) diverticula, also known as IAC cavitary lesions or anterior cupping of the IAC, observed in otopathologic specimens and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans of the temporal bone are thought to be related to otosclerosis. Herein, we examined the usefulness of CT scans in identifying diverticula and determined whether IAC diverticula are associated with otosclerosis on otopathology.

Methods

One hundred five consecutive specimens were identified from the National Temporal Bone Hearing and Balance Pathology Resource Registry. Inclusion criteria included the availability of histologic slides and postmortem specimen CT scans. Exclusion criteria included cases with severe postmortem changes or lesions causing bony destruction of the IAC.

Results

Ninety-seven specimens met criteria for study. Of these, 42% of the specimens were from male patients, and the average age of death was 77 years (SD = 18 yr). IAC diverticula were found in 48 specimens, of which 46% were identified in the CT scans. The mean area of the IAC diverticula was 0.34 mm2. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting IAC diverticula based on CT were 77% and 63%, respectively. Overall, 27% of specimens had otosclerosis. Histologic IAC diverticula were more common in specimens with otosclerosis than those without (37.5% versus 16%; p = 0.019). Cases with otosclerosis had a greater mean histologic diverticula area compared with nonotosclerosis cases (0.69 mm2 versus 0.14 mm2; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

IAC diverticula are commonly found in otopathologic specimens with varied etiologies, but larger diverticula are more likely to be associated with otosclerosis. The sensitivity and specificity of CT scans to detect IAC diverticula are limited.
Long-Term Hearing Results of Endoskeletal Ossicular Reconstruction in Chronic Ears Using Titanium Prostheses Having a Helical Coil: Part 1—Kraus K-Helix Crown, Incus to Stapes
Authors: Kraus Eric M. , Russell Gregory B. , Allen Sarah J. , Pearson Sarah A.
Published: September 2022

Objectives

1) To assess long-term hearing results after endoskeletal ossicular chain reconstruction (eOCR) using the titanium Kraus K-Helix Crown prosthesis, implanted incus to stapes, with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) in chronic ears and 2) to determine safety of the prosthesis and cement.

Study Design

Prospective, nonrandomized, sequential, single center, single surgeon.

Setting

Private practice, ambulatory surgical center.

Patients

N = 15 males (42%) and 21 females (58%). Mean age was 40.4 years (range, 6–81 years); 38 ears (22 right ears [58%] and 16 left ears [42%]).

Interventions

eOCR in chronic ears. Comprehensive preoperative and postoperative hearing measurements were performed for up to 9 years.

Main Outcome Measures

Postoperative hearing results at 1 year showed statistically significant improvement as compared with preoperative hearing. Long-term hearing results remained stable and showed no statistically significant change over 9 years.

Results

Estimated mean pure-tone air conduction average improved by 14.5 dB (95% confidence interval = 10.3–18.7). Estimated mean speech reception thresholds improved by 15.5 dB (10.8–20.2). Word recognition scores improved by −2.2% (−5.3 to 1.0). The estimated mean postoperative air–bone gap was 10.5 dB (7.2–13.8). The estimated mean calculated air–bone gap was 11.3 dB (8.0–14.5). The estimated mean change in high-tone bone conduction (HTBC) average was +3.5 dB (0.9–6.0). Two prostheses extruded (5%). No patients experienced any unanticipated serious adverse effects or events.

Conclusion

eOCR using the K-Helix Crown prosthesis, incus to stapes, and GIC can significantly improve hearing at 1 year and maintain stable hearing over 9 years. Both prosthesis and cement are safe.
Feedback based on health advice via tracing bracelet and smartphone in the management of blood pressure among hypertensive patients: A community-based RCT trial in Chongqing, China
Authors: Zhang Yong , Tao Yang , Zhong Yun , Thompson Jacqueline , Rahmani Jamal , Bhagavathula Akshaya Srikanth , Xu Xiaoyang , Luo Jun
Published: September 2022

Background:

Lifestyle interventions have been recognized as a line of treatment for noncommunicable diseases. This study aimed to evaluate a bespoke mHealth approach to deliver personalized feedback to improve blood pressure and weight for hypertensive patients in community settings.

Methods:

A total of 307 participants, 50 from each community, were expected to be in the intervention or control group. A professional health facilitator was assigned for each of the 6 communities. The primary outcomes of the study are the reduction in blood pressure and weight at baseline and postintervention.

Results:

Of 307 recruited, 192 participants (62.5%) completed the study (intervention: 104 and control: 88). There was no difference in attrition rates between the 2 groups (33.5% vs 41.9%, P = .291). After 6 month of intensive feedback intervention through the mHealth approach, patients had better blood pressure (133.4 ± 15.3 vs 139.7 ± 16.0) compared with control.

Conclusions:

People who were adherent to the intervention demonstrated a clinical benefit in weight and blood pressure.
Finite element analysis of femoral neck system in the treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture
Authors: Teng Yanbin , Zhang Yan , Guo Chaowei
Published: September 2022

The optimal treatment strategy for femoral neck fractures remained controversial, especially the Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture of young patients was a challenge. Femoral neck system (FNS) was a newly developed internal fixation for treating femoral neck fracture and this study aimed to compare the biomechanical advantages and disadvantages between FNS and 3 cannulated configuration screws (CCS) with or without an additional medial buttress plate (MBP).

In this study, Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture model with an angle of 70° was constructed and 3 different fixation models, FNS, CCS + MBP, CCS alone, were developed. A vertical force of 2100N was applied on the femoral head, then the maximum von Mises stress of whole model, distal femur, femoral head, and internal fixation was recorded, as well as the stress distribution of whole model, proximal fracture section, and internal fixation of the 3 models. Moreover, the maximum displacement of the whole model, distal femur, femoral head, internal fixation, and the relative displacement of the proximal and distal portion was also compared.

The maximum von Mises stress value was 318.302 MPa in FNS, 485.226 MPa in CCS + 1/3 plate, and 425.889 MPa in CCS. The FNS showed lowest maximum von Mises stress values in distal part, femoral head, and internal implant. All fixation configurations were observed stress concentrated at the posteroinferior area of cross-section of femoral head and at the fracture section area of implant; however, FNS had more uniform stress distribution. For displacement, the maximum displacement value was 8.5446 mm in FNS, 8.2863 mm in CCS + 1/3 plate, and 8.3590 mm in CCS. However, FNS had higher maximum displacement in femoral head and internal implant, but lower maximum displacement in the distal part of fracture model. The FNS represented a significantly higher relative displacement between the femoral head and distal femur when compared with the other 2 fixation configurations.

The newly developed FNS could achieve the dual effect of angular stability and sliding compression for the treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures, which provided superior biomechanical stability than CCS alone and CCS with additional MBP.
Circadian and seasonal variation in onset of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Xin Minglong , Zhang Shengming , Zhao Longguo , Jin Xiongjie , Kim Weon , Cheng Xian Wu
Published: September 2022

The aim was to investigate the circadian and seasonal variation of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Clinical data of 3867 AMI patients hospitalized from November 2010 to October 2019 in the Border Yanbian Minority Autonomous Prefecture, China were collected, and 3158 patients with definite AMI onset times were analyzed. The clinical data analyzed included the time of onset, nationality, age, laboratory data. We divided the patients into 4 groups based on the timepoint of their AMI onsets: 00:00–05:59, 06:00–11:59, 12:00–17:59, and 18:00–23:59. We also divided the patients based on nationality: Chinese Korean and Han groups. We observed that there is a circadian rhythm in the incidence of AMI, and the peak of AMI is in the morning (7:00–9:00). Unexpectedly, the incidence of AMI was significantly lower in the cold winter than that of other 3 warm seasons (P < 0.01) and the peak of AMI presented at the months of the large contrast between day and night temperature difference (over 20°C) like May of Spring and October of Fall. Finally, there was no difference in circadian rhythm between Chinese Korean and Han, although these groups differed in age, body mass index, and the inflammatory cell level. These findings have shown a different seasonal and circadian variation in onset of AMI. Further studies are required to determine the pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying these differences and to guide prevention of AMI for reducing its mortality and disability.
Disrupting Traditional Roles
Authors: Collins Rhonda
Published: September 2022

A nurse for 30 years, Rhonda Collins, DNP, RN, FAAN, has worked to disrupt the way technology is used and perceived by nurses around the globe. Intersecting clinical expertise with health care innovation, she strives to empower nurses to take a seat at the table when it comes to making technology decisions that impact their work and their lives. Nurses use technology, medical devices, and equipment every day while caring for their patients. These devices require clinical knowledge, insights, guidance, and leadership to ensure they are appropriate for the patient care environment while fitting and facilitating nurses' workflow. Nurse involvement to design and implement new technologies is critical to adoption and use of technologies. Dr Collins offers 7 guidelines for engaging with business partners and ensuring decisions will support critical nursing staffs and facilitate safe patient care. Dr Collins' passion for helping more people led her to seek opportunities beyond the hospital walls. After earning her master's degree in nursing administration while raising 2 children and working her way through the ranks at medical centers in Texas, she has been on a mission to elevate the voices of nurses and protect the profession. Dr Collins shares her personal and professional journey of leaving hospital nursing to work in nontraditional leader roles in the technology industry, detailing the challenges and opportunities for nurses now and in the future.
Implementation of a Hospital-based Brexanolone Program
Authors: Howard Margaret M. , Diaz Zobeida , Battle Cynthia L.
Published: September 2022

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious complication of childbearing affecting ∼1 in 7 mothers. Left unrecognized and untreated, it is associated with negative outcomes for mothers and their infants. Building upon research suggesting that, for some women, hormonal fluctuations after childbirth contribute to the onset of depression, clinical trials have found promise in a novel treatment approach, brexanolone infusion. In 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved brexanolone as the first medication with an indication specifically for PPD. Delivering brexanolone treatment to patients in need requires overcoming some logistical and clinical challenges that are unique to this approach. This brief report describes the process by which a university-affiliated obstetric-gynecologic hospital in the northeast United States successfully implemented a program to administer this novel treatment to women with PPD.
Building a Comprehensive Biopsychosocial Database to Identify Underlying Causes of Suicide and Improve Suicide Prevention
Authors: Preskorn Sheldon H.
Published: September 2022

In June, 2022, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) announced an initiative to reduce death due to suicide in US Veterans. This column is based on a proposal written for that initiative, as well as on an earlier psychopharmacology column in this journal that reviewed the statistics and the genetics of suicide, and the US medicolegal death investigation system. This system is composed of 3137 county coroner or medical examiner offices across the country that are responsible under state and local law for investigating deaths that are not explained by natural causes and are suspicious and/or unattended. Thus, this system gathers data concerning all deaths due to suicide. Currently this death investigation system costs US taxpayers ∼$660 million per year, and it has determined that ∼45,000 Americans die from suicide each year. In the conduct of these investigations, a large amount of data is collected, including biological samples. While the demographic data are reported to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), little—if anything—is done with the collected biological material beyond its use in determining the cause of death of the individual. The earlier column on this topic advocated for the establishment of a central database to retain and utilize this information to further understand the biopsychosocial causes of suicide, with the goal of preventing suicides. This column describes a proposal submitted to the VA system for how such a system could initially be piloted in a small group of VA medical centers and then expanded to the entire system. This initial effort could then, in turn, serve as a model for expanding such data gathering to the entire US medicolegal death investigation system.
Acute Onset Psychosis With Mystical Delusions in a Young Male Patient Following Discontinuation of Corticosteroid Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Bartolomei Giuseppe , Lorenzini Luca , Martelli Maria , Gambaro Eleonora , Zeppegno Patrizia , Gramaglia Carla
Published: September 2022

Corticosteroid-based drugs are widely used in the general population to treat several acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs is often accompanied by severe psychiatric adverse effects through a yet unknown mechanism. To further complicate this situation, therapeutic strategies to counteract psychotic symptoms associated with these agents have yet to be devised. We report a case of a young white male Jehovah’s Witness admitted to the psychiatry ward of the Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy. At admission, the patient presented with psychomotor agitation, auditory hallucinations, and thought disturbances, resulting in the working diagnosis of a manic episode with psychotic features. During the 16 days of his hospital admission, the patient was treated with antipsychotic medications (aripiprazole and haloperidol) and with benzodiazepines (lorazepam), and he achieved a complete remission of all psychotic symptoms. While his psychiatric history was negative, his medical records revealed a recent discharge from the infectious disease ward with a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis treated with intravenous betamethasone. Thus, at discharge, a diagnosis of steroid-induced psychosis was made. In conclusion, our findings are suggestive of a potential role played by corticosteroids in the development of psychotic symptoms, for which routine screening protocols and therapeutic guidelines are still lacking.
Synthesis and crystal structure of topiramate azidosulfate at 90 K and 298 K
Authors: Priyanka Prabhakar , Jayanna Bidarur K. , Kiran Kumar Haruvegowda , Vinaya  , Divakara Thayamma R. , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Glidewell Christopher , Parkin Sean
Published: September 2022

The low (90 K) and room (298 K) temperature crystal structures of topiramate azidosulfate [systematic name 2,3:4,5-bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-β-D-fructopyranose azidosulfate], C12H19N3O8S, an intermediate in the synthesis of the anti-convulsant drug topiramate, are described. Topiramate azidosulfate (I) finds use as a reference impurity standard for topiramate. A modified synthesis and some spectroscopic details are also presented.
The loopholes of algorithmic public services: an “intelligent” accountability research agenda
Authors: Bracci Enrico
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Governments are increasingly turning to artificial intelligence (AI) algorithmic systems to increase efficiency and effectiveness of public service delivery. While the diffusion of AI offers several desirable benefits, caution and attention should be posed to the accountability of AI algorithm decision-making systems in the public sector. The purpose of this paper is to establish the main challenges that an AI algorithm might bring about to public service accountability. In doing so, the paper also delineates future avenues of investigation for scholars.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper builds on previous literature and anecdotal cases of AI applications in public services, drawing on streams of literature from accounting, public administration and information technology ethics.

Findings

Based on previous literature, the paper highlights the accountability gaps that AI can bring about and the possible countermeasures. The introduction of AI algorithms in public services modifies the chain of responsibility. This distributed responsibility requires an accountability governance, together with technical solutions, to meet multiple accountabilities and close the accountability gaps. The paper also delineates a research agenda for accounting scholars to make accountability more “intelligent”.

Originality/value

The findings of the paper shed new light and perspective on how public service accountability in AI should be considered and addressed. The results developed in this paper will stimulate scholars to explore, also from an interdisciplinary perspective, the issues public service organizations are facing to make AI algorithms accountable.
Disparity of agricultural credit in India: field data evidence from farmers across social groups
Authors: Yadav Inder Sekhar , Rao M. Sanatan
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This work aims to examine the access and disparity of institutional agricultural credit for small and marginal farmers across various social groups from three Indian states.

Design/methodology/approach

Field data on socio economic variables were collected using multi-stage stratified random sampling and purposive sampling through a structured questionnaire by interviewing about 400 cross sectional small and marginal farmers belonging to various social groups such as general caste, other backward caste, scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Disparity of agricultural credit across different social groups is assessed using measures such as credit access, credit adequacy ratio, credit gap and newly constructed Agriculture Credit Disparity Index (ACDI).

Findings

The credit access, credit access ratio and newly constructed ACDI suggest that, by and large, farmers belonging to socially advantaged groups have better access to institutional agricultural assistance than farmers belonging to socially disadvantaged groups.

Practical implications

The agricultural credit policy of the government needs to incorporate measures to eliminate credit disparity primarily by correcting the poor socio-economic profile (especially lower asset ownership and higher illiteracy) of socially disadvantaged farmers compared to the farmers' counterparts.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing work by providing fresh evidence from the field across social groups for both kharif and rabi crops using recent survey data from small and marginal farmers which have important policy implications.
The evolutionary game and simulation of key players in the green supply chain of construction industry
Authors: Zhang Na , Lu Ke Bin
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This research studies the behavior choice of key actors in the construction supply chain and constructs a model which includes the benefit function of the government, contractors and owners, aiming at improving the coverage of green buildings.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, tripartite dynamic game is studied and simulated based on duplicate dynamic equation. The tripartite game under government intervention is rarely considered, and government punishment measures are seldom introduced into the research.

Findings

According to the simulation results, the practical insights in line with the development of green supply chain are put forward. Rewards and punishments affect the development of the supply chain. New technologies and new materials accelerate the development of green supply chain and then improve the coverage of green buildings.

Research limitations/implications

This paper constructs a dynamic model based on complete information rationality, which is difficult to realize in practice, for information is incomplete and human rationality is limited.

Originality/value

In fact, the government has not issued a punishment document to introduce a new variable adjustment model.
The relationship between social media based teaching and academic performance during COVID-19
Authors: Ghosh Ratan , Khatun Asia , Khanam Zobaida
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The closure of educational institutions in the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the global teaching and learning landscape. Face-to-face classroom activity has been shifted to online classroom activity. This study aims to investigate the effect of social media-based education on students’ academic performance during the pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyzes the perceptions of 302 university-going students of Bangladesh using structural equation modeling.

Findings

Results show that Facebook features, perceived usefulness and personal tutorial have a positive and significant relationship with the use of social media (USM). Furthermore, the USM has a positive and significant relationship with the academic performance of the university-going students of Bangladesh during the pandemic.

Research limitations/implications

This research has considered the social media usage of university students during the pandemic for academic purposes. This study has not considered income group, technical literacy and device availability of the students. Therefore, the findings may not be generalized to all classes of society.

Practical implications

This study validates that the USM can ensure good academic performance by engaging students through collaboration and attention.

Originality/value

Diffusion of knowledge and interactive face-to-face learning procedures have faced a massive loss because of this COVID-19 pandemic. Easiness in the mode of teaching technique can be a precondition for its acceptance among the students. As the impact of social media on academic performance in this pandemic context has remained unexplained, this study is designed to focus on this emerging issue.
The uptake of City Information Modelling (CIM): a comprehensive review of current implementations, challenges and future outlook
Authors: Omrany Hossein , Ghaffarianhoseini Amirhosein , Ghaffarianhoseini Ali , Clements-Croome Derek John
Published: September 2022

Purpose

This paper critically analysed 195 articles with the objectives of providing a clear understanding of the current City Information Modelling (CIM) implementations, identifying the main challenges hampering the uptake of CIM and providing recommendations for the future development of CIM.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts the PRISMA method in order to perform the systematic literature review.

Findings

The results identified nine domains of CIM implementation including (1) natural disaster management, (2) urban building energy modelling, (3) urban facility management, (4) urban infrastructure management, (5) land administration systems, (6) improvement of urban microclimates, (7) development of digital twin and smart cities, (8) improvement of social engagement and (9) urban landscaping design. Further, eight challenges were identified that hinder the widespread employment of CIM including (1) reluctance towards CIM application, (2) data quality, (3) computing resources and storage inefficiency, (4) data integration between BIM and GIS and interoperability, (5) establishing a standardised workflow for CIM implementation, (6) synergy between all parties involved, (7) cybersecurity and intellectual property and (8) data management.

Originality/value

This is the first paper of its kind that provides a holistic understanding of the current implementation of CIM. The outcomes will benefit multiple target groups. First, urban planners and designers will be supplied with a status-quo understanding of CIM implementations. Second, this research introduces possibilities of CIM deployment for the governance of cities; hence the outcomes can be useful for policymakers. Lastly, the scientific community can use the findings of this study as a reference point to gain a comprehensive understanding of the field and contribute to the future development of CIM.
A VR training scenario editor for operation in construction based on BIM 4D and domain expert authoring
Authors: Schiavi Barbara , Havard Vincent , Beddiar Karim , Baudry David
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Virtual Reality (VR) based training is an efficient and promising digital tool. In the construction industry, studies have been conducted on the realisation of VR scenarios for construction operations, but the challenges lie in procedural scenario creation based on the knowledge and digital data of the construction project. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

A new system and interface allowing an automatic generation of a VR scenario for operating procedure (OP) based on 4D Building Information Modelling (BIM) and tasks authoring by the domain experts are presented. The first process, Automatic Scenario Generation, generates assembly tasks based on the BIM metadata. The second process, Expert Scene and Scenario Authoring, allows adding tasks that cannot be modeled in the BIM OP.

Findings

With the 4D BIM methodology, the 3D model of building as well as the 3D OPs contain a time dimension representing the construction phases or planning. The evolution in time of the construction site and the tools and procedures adapted to each construction project must be integrated in the VR simulations. Moreover, domain experts should have control over the scenario and should be able to author tasks assigned to the operator in training.

Originality/value

A Unified Modeling Language based framework allows the reuse of BIM metadata to create the scene, VR interactions and the assembly procedure; the assembly procedure is embedded in the virtual environment considering the time (4D) in the construction of the building and is used as a training scenario for the operator; and the training scenario can be refined by adding operational knowledge, such as quality.
Team psychological capital and process improvement: an interactionist perspective
Authors: L. Marques Dominic , Aubé Caroline , Rousseau Vincent
Published: September 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between team psychological capital (PsyCap) and team process improvement (TPI) by focusing on the mediating role of team self-managing behaviors (TSMBs) and the moderating effect of the team reward system.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from 514 members and their immediate superiors nested in 135 action teams working for a Canadian public safety organization. Hypotheses were tested using a path analytic procedure.

Findings

Team PsyCap was positively related to TPI, and this relationship was mediated by TSMBs. In addition, the team reward system positively moderated the first stage of this relationship.

Research limitations/implications

This study highlights the important role that motivational factors play in the effectiveness of action teams. Specifically, the present study reveals that the psychological resources of action teams interact with the level of recognition and reward they receive to predict members’ engagement in self-managing behaviors and in improvement processes.

Practical implications

Findings suggest that to promote the capacity for process improvement of actions teams, managers should focus on their positive psychological resources, their capacity to self-manage and on the level of recognition and reward they receive.

Originality/value

Considering the dynamic and complex environments within which action teams operate, the finding that team PsyCap promotes their optimal functioning is particularly noteworthy. Furthermore, this study clarifies why and when team PsyCap enhances TPI.
Florivory in twoChamaecristaspecies: Are secretory trichomes effective against florivores?
Authors: da Silva Gilmar Moreira , Rodarte Ana Tereza Araújo , Benevides Cristine Rodrigues , de Lima Heloisa Alves
Published: September 2022

Florivory inChamaecristavaries in occurrence, intensity, and the floral structures affected. As flowers are multifunctional units, the type of damage can impact reproductive success in different ways. Oil‐resin‐secreting trichomes, present in the sepals ofChamaecristaspecies, section Absus, are suggested to inhibit florivory. We recorded florivory inChamaecrista catharticaandChamaecrista catharticoidesin order to determine the frequency of damage, floral whorls most damaged, impact on reproduction, and effectiveness of secretory trichomes in inhibiting florivory. The study was conducted in the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Brazil. Twenty individuals of each species were monitored monthly over two bloom periods to record the flowering intensity, rates of florivory, and fruit set and to determine the effectiveness of trichomes in inhibiting florivory. The two species had different flowering patterns, annual forC. catharticaand continuous forC. catharticoides, both more intense during summer. Florivory occurred mainly in the winter and affected floral structures unevenly, resulting in loss of different floral functions. Florivory reduced the fruit set of both species, butC. catharticoideswas considerably more impacted. The diversity of damaged structures inC. catharticoidesresulted in direct (reduced female and male fitness due to loss of ovules and pollen grains) and indirect (loss of floral resources and reduced floral attractiveness) impacts. Damage to the tubular petal could further result in loss of specialized pollination mechanisms mediated by this structure. Secretory trichomes on the abaxial surface of sepals inhibited florivory of buds and herbivory of early‐developing fruits.
Dimensions of class identification? On the roots and effects of class identity
Authors: Stubager Rune , Harrits Gitte Sommer
Published: September 2022

Throughout the 20th century, objective class position was a strong predictor of both class identity, political preferences and party choice, but since the 1980s, the relationship between objective and subjective dimensions of class has supposedly vanished–according to some as the result of a fundamental blurring of class relations. However, others suggest that this result may be partly due to the use of outdated class schemes. Although still basically focused on inequality of life chances, class relations today are complex and include more than labor market position, such as different forms of cultural resources (e.g., education). As a result, class identity may also have become more complex, and possibly dependent upon the salience of different resources and types of group relations—both in itself and in its relationship with political preferences. Very few contributions, though, test such claims. Using two independent Danish surveys, this paper investigates to what extent class identification is multidimensional and how any such dimensionality is related to, on the one hand, different dimensions of objective class relations and, on the other hand, different dimensions of political conflict. The analyses show that despite changes at the overall, societal level, class identity remains a primarily unidimensional concept both in its structural origins and its relationship with politics.
Analysis of gender in radiology in Australia and its importance to the profession and workforce planning
Authors: Lim WanYin , Gupta Nishant , Mandel Catherine
Published: September 2022

Medical workforce diversity is important with gender constituting a significant role. Male and female medical practitioners participate in the workforce differently: understanding the cultural and social expectations, economic productivity, professional opportunities, and the effects on workforce supply, will aid workforce planning. Having a workforce that reflects the diversity of the community is important in providing patient‐centred care. As more than half of medical graduates are female, it would be expected that this is reflected in radiology specialty. We analyse the Australian gender‐specific data from the Royal Australian and New Zealand Clinical Radiology (RANZCR) clinical radiology workforce census from 1992 to 2020, focusing on changes in gender representation, number of hours worked per week, differences in subspecialisation and geographical distribution. This analysis found that the proportion of the female radiologists increased from 13% to 29%: still an underrepresentation of women radiologists when compared with the gender distribution of medical students and junior doctors. This will persist in the short to medium term, given the tapering of female doctors entering radiology training. In terms of workforce planning, women are more likely to work less than their male counterparts in the early to mid‐career. Women are underrepresentated in interventional and neurointerventional radiology. There is more self‐reported subspecialty interest in breast and women's imaging. A review of the literature demonstrated a similar situation in comparable countries. We also considered the reasons, potential solutions for this, and knowledge gaps where research is needed.
How Has Ecological Imperialism Persisted? A Marxian Critique of the Western Climate Consensus
Authors: Chen Ying
Published: September 2022

Ecological imperialism refers to the historical and contemporary exercise of power by the North over the South that leads to ecologically destructive consequences of which the South is usually the victim. Using this power, wealthy countries in the Global North are capable of steering mainstream discourse on global environmental issues in directions that benefit and privilege themselves at the expense of the Global South. Analysis should thus be applied not only to ecological imperialism in the pure economic sense, but also to the uneven power relations in the political and ideological arena that serve to reproduce ecological imperialism in an overarching sense. This article, inspired by the concept of ecological imperialism developed in the Marxian tradition, explores how researchers and global institutions in the Global North frame the narratives of climate change culpability through selective presentation of emission statistics that tends to minimize the accountability of the North while inflating that of the Global South. Such narratives also contain the Malthusian perception that economic development and population growth in the Global South, above all, should be taken as major threats to climate change solutions. This type of reasoning again serves to justify and maintain the current hierarchical global system and reinforce ecological imperialism.
Sensitization properties of acetophenone azine, a new skin sensitizer identified in textile
Authors: Manière Isabelle , Aubert Alizée , Dubois Céline , Solal Cécilia , Lepoittevin Jean‐Pierre , Rousselle Christophe
Published: September 2022

Background

Acetophenone azine (CAS no. 729‐43‐1) present in sports equipment (shoes, socks and shin pads) has been suspected to induce skin allergies. Twelve case reports of allergy in children and adults from Europe and North America were published between 2016 and 2021.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to confirm that acetophenone azine is indeed a skin sensitizer based on in vitro/ in vivo testings derived from the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) built for skin sensitization by OECD in 2012.

Methods

Acetophenone azine was tested in vitro according to the human cell line activation test (h‐CLAT) and the ARE‐Nrf2 Luciferase Test (KeratinoSens) and in vivo using the Local Lymph Nodes Assay (LLNA).

Results

Both the h‐CLAT and the KeratinoSens were positive whereas the LLNA performed at 5, 2.5 and 1% (wt/vol) of acetophenone azine, was negative.

Conclusion

Based on these results, acetophenone azine was considered as a skin sensitizer. This was recently confirmed by its classification under the CLP regulation.
Evaluation of biodiversity benefits of proposed marine protected areas from the Sea Change—Tai Timu Tai Pari Hauraki Gulf MarineSpatial Plan
Authors: Tablada Jordi , Geange Shane , Lundquist Carolyn J.
Published: September 2022

The Sea Change—Tai Timu Tai Pari Hauraki Gulf Marine Spatial Plan is New Zealand's first marine spatial plan and represents a collaborative response from mana whenua, local stakeholders, and regional and national governmental agencies to the threats and stressors responsible for the declining natural state of the Hauraki Gulf ecosystems. From a biodiversity perspective, the main objectives of the plan are the recovery of depleted fishing stocks and the restoration of degraded marine habitats through a network of marine protected areas (MPAs), including highly protected areas that allow for customary practices. While some information on biodiversity, resource activities, and management layers was used to develop the MPA network proposals, they were developed without benefit of systematic conservation planning tools. Here, systematic conservation planning software was used to assess the conservation benefits of different no‐take MPA network proposals, using available biodiversity and habitat datasets. The analysis indicates that while the proposed MPAs provide protection for some biodiversity features that were identified by the stakeholders, the inclusion of newly available biodiversity datasets under a systematic conservation planning approach could improve conservation outcomes.
The influence of different dimensions of oral health literacy on parental attitudes and comprehension of an information leaflet about permanent tooth avulsion
Authors: Portella Paula Dresch , Fraiz Fabian Calixto , Kuklik Helen Helene , Ferreira Fernanda De Morais , Assunção Luciana Reichert Da Silva
Published: September 2022

Background/Aim

Permanent tooth avulsion requires proper management at the time of the accident and parental oral health literacy (OHL) may influence decision‐making with regards to dental trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of OHL on: (1) self‐rated comprehension of an information leaflet (IL), (2) self‐rated capacity to execute the tasks proposed on the IL, and (3) attitudes regarding the avulsion of a permanent tooth in children.

Material and Methods

A longitudinal study was conducted involving the reading of an IL by 466 parents/caregivers. Evaluations were performed prior to the IL (Phase I), immediately after the application of the IL (Phase II) and 60 days after the application of the IL (Phase III). Self‐rated comprehension and capacity to execute the proposed tasks were analyzed in Phase II. Attitude was evaluated in all three phases. Functional OHL was measured using the BREALD‐30 and interactive OHL was measured using HeLD‐14.

Results

Correlations were found between self‐rated comprehension and both the OHL/BREALD‐30 score (rs = 0.179; p = .012) and OHL/HeLD‐14 score (r = 0.258; p < .001). Correlations were also found between the self‐rated capacity to execute the proposed tasks and both the OHL/BREALD‐30 score (rs = 0.133; p = .047) and the OHL/HeLD‐14 score (rs = 0.225; p < .001). Higher BREALD‐30 and HeLD‐14 scores were associated with a better performance regarding parental attitudes toward permanent tooth avulsion comparing Phases I and II and Phases II and III (p < .05).

Conclusions

Higher levels of OHL were associated with better parental self‐rated comprehension of the IL and the capacity to execute the tasks proposed therein as well as more adequate attitudes regarding the avulsion of a permanent tooth.
Local anesthetic lidocaine induces growth suppression of HeLa cells by decreasing and changing the cellular localization of the proliferation marker Ki‐67
Authors: Haraguchi‐Suzuki Keiko , Kawabata‐Iwakawa Reika , Suzuki Toru , Suto Takashi , Takazawa Tomonori , Saito Shigeru
Published: September 2022

Although surgery is a basic therapy for cancer, it causes inflammation and immunosuppression, often resulting in recurrence and metastasis. Previous studies have suggested that anesthetic management influences the prognosis of cancer surgery patients. Administration of local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, for pain control reportedly improves their clinical outcomes; however, the precise underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The growth of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T and cervical cancer HeLa cells was inhibited by lidocaine treatment and these cell lines showed different sensitivities for lidocaine. Ki‐67 is a significant prognostic marker of cancer because it is expressed in the nucleus of actively proliferating cells. In lidocaine‐treated HeLa cells, Ki‐67 was detected not only in the nucleus but also in the cytoplasm. In addition, lidocaine‐induced cytoplasmic Ki‐67 partly colocalized with the increased ER chaperone, glucose‐regulated protein 78, which is crucial for protein folding and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, lidocaine decreased Ki‐67 levels and increased the population of HeLa cells in the G0/G1 phase. These results indicate that lidocaine plays a significant role in growth suppression by regulating the expression and distribution of Ki‐67.
Electrochemical performance of SiOC anodes prepared by a different silicone
Authors: Zhang Junzhan , Chen Hongxia , Wei Jian , Zhang Ying , Wang Linxiang
Published: September 2022

SiOC is one of the most promising anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, which shows the good structural stability and high capacity comparing to commercial graphite anode. In this paper, different SiOC anodes (SiOC‐217, SiOC‐H44, and SiOC‐MK) were prepared from polymer precursors with different side groups (phenyl, methyl‐phenyl, methyl) to investigate the effects of free carbon on the electrochemical performance of SiOC anodes. The results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy presented that SiOC was composed by different SiOxC4−x units and free carbon phase. The initial discharge capacity of SiOC‐217 was 742.67 mA h g−1. After 100 cycles, the reversible capacity of SiOC‐217 reached 450.65 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C, indicating a capacity retention rate of 60.68%. After cycling at high current densities, SiOC‐217 exhibited a high discharge capacity of 592.88 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C. SiOC‐217 exhibited excellent electrochemical performance due to the high content of free carbon phase. Furthermore, the high contents of SiO2C2 and SiO3C units further enhanced the improvement of electrochemical performance.
Deficiency of Ninjurin1 attenuates LPS/D‐galactosamine‐induced acute liver failure by reducing TNF‐α‐induced apoptosis in hepatocytes
Authors: Kim Min Woo , Kang Ju‐Hee , Jung Hyun Jin , Park Se Yong , Hwang Jong‐Ik , Seong Je Kyung , Yoon Yeo Sung , Oh Seung Hyun
Published: September 2022

Nerve injury‐induced protein 1 (Ninjurin1, Ninj1) is a membrane protein that mediates cell adhesion. The role of Ninj1 during inflammatory response has been widely investigated in macrophages and endothelial cells. Ninj1 is expressed in various tissues, and the liver also expresses high levels of Ninj1. Although the hepatic upregulation of Ninj1 has been reported in human hepatocellular carcinoma and septic mice, little is known of its function during the pathogenesis of liver diseases. In the present study, the role of Ninj1 in liver inflammation was explored using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D‐galactosamine (D‐gal)‐induced acute liver failure (ALF) model. When treated with LPS/D‐gal, conventional Ninj1 knock‐out (KO) mice exhibited a mild inflammatory phenotype as compared with wild‐type (WT) mice. Unexpectedly, myeloid‐specific Ninj1 KO mice showed no attenuation of LPS/D‐gal‐induced liver injury. Whereas, Ninj1 KO primary hepatocytes were relatively insensitive to TNF‐α‐induced caspase activation as compared with WT primary hepatocytes. Also, Ninj1 knock‐down in L929 and AML12 cells and Ninj1 KO in HepG2 cells ameliorated TNF‐α‐mediated apoptosis. Consistent with in vitro results, hepatocyte‐specific ablation of Ninj1 in mice alleviated LPS/D‐gal‐induced ALF. Summarizing, our in vivo and in vitro studies show that lack of Ninj1 in hepatocytes diminishes LPS/D‐gal‐induced ALF by alleviating TNF‐α/TNFR1‐induced cell death.