bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH UMUR PINDAH TANAM BIBIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI LABU PARANG (Cucurbita moschata Durch)
Authors: Muharram Muhammad , Junaidi Junaidi , Saptorini Saptorini
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK Labu Parang merupakan salah satu sayuran yang banyak ditanam dan memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi dan vitamin untuk kesehatan. Labu kuning mempunyai prospek yang baik sebagai alternatif bahan pangan lain, karena memilki nilai yang setara dengan beras dari aspek karbohidrat maupun protein. Sedangkan produk labu kuning ini telah lama dikenal dan disukai karena keanekaragaman produk olahan yang berasal dari bahan baku labu kuning.Peningkatan produktifitas labu madu merupakan tantangan untuk meningkatkan produksi komoditas hortikultura secara umum, pendapatan nasional serta mengurangi komoditas impor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Labu Madu tepatnya di Desa Toyoresmi, Kecamatan Ngasem, Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan satu faktor (tunggal) yaitu perlakuan umur bibit terdiri dari 6 level (B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, dan B5) kemudian diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Penilitian ini dilakukan di sawah sehingga kondisi lingkungannya heterogen (kesuburan satu arah) oleh sebab itu digunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) atau Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD).Kata kunci : Labu Parang; Cucurbitaceae; Umur bibit; Produktivitas.
PENELITIAN UJI KUAT TEKAN BETON DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN AIR LIMBAH TETES TEBU DAN ZAT ADDITIVE CONCRETE
Authors: Ansori Mochamad Ahsin , Ridwan Ahmad , Cahyo Yosef
Published: September 2020

Concrete has a weakness that is having a low tensile strength and brittle so that the concrete is given steel reinforcement to anticipate it. This addition was carried out to study and determine the effect of sugarcane waste on compressive strength, flexural strength on normal quality concrete with the addition of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% in compressive loads. Testing is done after 28 days. Concrete with the addition of 30% sugar cane is more capable of producing high flexural strength than the others. Addition of sugar cane drops resulted in optimum compressive strength of 10%, 16.75MPa, 20%, 16.55MPa, 30%, 16.40MPa. For the highest flexural strength of concrete in the 15/15/60 beam sample, the concrete mixture was added to 30% sugar cane by 5.00 MPa, higher than normal concrete 4.96 MPa.Beton mempunyai kelemahan yaitu mempunyai kuat tarik yang rendah dan bersifat getas (brittle) sehingga beton diberi tulangan baja untuk mengantisipasinya. Penambahan ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui pengaruh limbah tetes tebu terhadap kuat tekan, kuat lentur pada beton mutu normal dengan penambahan 0%, 10%, 20% dan 30% pada beban tekan. Pengujian dilakukan setelah 28 hari. Beton dengan penambahan tetes tebu 30% lebih mampu menghasilkan nilai kuat lentur tinggi dari pada yang lainya. Penambahan limbah tetes tebu menghasilakan kuat tekan optimum yaitu,10%,16,75MPa, 20%,16,55MPa, 30%,16,40MPa. Untuk kuat lentur beton pada sampel balok 15/15/60 yang paling tinggi yaitu pada campuran beton penambahan tetes tebu 30% sebesar 5,00 MPa, lebih tinggi dari pada beton normal 4,96 MPa.
ANALISA PERENCANAAN SISTEM DRAINASE DALAM UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN BANJIR DI KECAMATAN GANDUSARI KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Authors: Prasetyo Rizqi Dwi , Cahyo Yosef , Ridwan Ahmad
Published: September 2020

In industrial areas or densely populated settlements, generally found channels that function besides to drain rainwater as well as to discharge domestic wastewater or dirty water from households. Drainage systems are often the main problem in the occurrence of flooding. It is necessary to analyze how their performance and resistance to flooding in the District of Gandusari, Trenggalek Regency. For analysis of drainage system planning in flood prevention efforts, the authors used the Van-Breun and Mononobe calculation methods to determine the number of incoming water discharge, the ideal dimension of the channel to accommodate the inlet discharge channel, and calculate the cost budget plan (RAB) of the builder. From the analysis, results obtained a cumulative discharge of rainwater, and dirty water entering the drainage amounted to 0.4695 m3 / sec. From the calculation, the ideal dimensions of the drainage can be obtained to be able to accommodate rainwater runoff and dirty water discharge using square channels, where the 1.5 m channel height is all added to the water level of 0.2 m and 0.7 m in width 500 m. While the budget plan for the construction costs is Rp. 794,048,000.00 -Di daerah industri atau pemukiman padat penduduk umumnya ditemukan saluran yang berfungsi selain untuk mengalirkan air hujan juga sekaligus untuk pembuangan air limbah domestik ataupun air kotor dari rumah tangga. System drainase sering menjadi pokok masalah dalam terjadinya banjir, maka perlu di Analisa bagaimana kinerjanya dan ketahanan terhadap banjir di Kecamatan Gandusari Kabupaten Trenggalek. Untuk analisis perencanaan sistem drainase dalam upaya penanggulangan banjir penulis menggunakan metode perhitungan Van-Breun dan Mononobe untuk mengetahui angka debit air yang masuk, dimensi ideal saluran untuk menampung saluran debit air masuk dan menghitung rencana anggaran biaya (RAB) pembangunanya. Dari hasil analisa didapatkan debit komulatif air hujan dan air kotor yang masuk ke drainase sebesar 0.4695 m3/detik. Dari perhitungan didapatkan dimensi saluran drainase yang ideal agar mampu menampung limpasan air hujan dan debit air kotor dengan menggunakan saluran berbentuk persegi, dimana tinggi saluran 1,5 m semuanya ditambahkan dengan tinggi jagaan air sebesar 0,2 m dan lebar 0,7 m dengan panjang 500 m. Sedangkan rencana Anggaran Biaya pembangunannya sebesar Rp. 794.048.000,00,-
Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Pada Industri Tenun Ikat “Medali Mas” Kediri
Authors: Ardhirakmanto M Ayub , Rahayuningsih Sri , Komari Ana
Published: September 2020

Tenun Ikat Medali Mas Industry has long been producing woven cloth in various models and patterns. Problems faced by researchers regarding the supply of raw materials, due to the absence of controlling the amount of inventory of raw materials needed specifically, while the company is faced with demand uncertainty which is very influential on the procurement of raw material supplies. So the holding of research with forecasting methods to calculate the needs in one production period. The variable in this research is about controlling raw material inventory. The first is to collect raw material needs data. Perform forecasting with the Exponential smoothing  method α = 0.15, and Moving average N = 2. Next, the forecast results determine the smallest error value with indicators MAD, MSE, and MAPE. After the chosen method will be used as a reference for forecasting in the next period. Then perform efficient safety stock and reorder point calculations for one production period. From the results of calculations on the raw material yarn produces Maximum Inventory = 4287 kg; Safety Stock = 53 kg; Reorder Point = 128 kg while on the raw material paint Maximum Inventory = 304 kg; Safety Stock = 7 kg; Reorder Point = 12 kg.Industri Tenun Ikat Medali Mas sudah lama memproduksi kain tenun dalam berbagai model maupun corak. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh peneliti mengenai persediaan bahan baku, dikarenakan belum adanya pengendalian jumlah persediaan bahan baku yang dibutuhkan secara spesifik, sedangkan perusahaan dihadapkan pada ketidakpastian permintaan yang sangat berpengaruh pada pengadaan persediaan bahan baku. Sehingga diadakannya penelitian dengan metode forecasting untuk memperhitungkan kebutuhan dalam satu periode produksi. Variabel dalam penelitian ini tentang pengendalian persediaan bahan baku. Pertama dilakukan pengumpulan data kebutuhan bahn baku. Melakukan peramalan dengan metode Exponential smoothing  α = 0,15, dan Moving average N = 2. Berikutnya dari hasil peramalan ditentukan nilai eror terkecil dengan indikator MAD, MSE, dan MAPE. Setelah metode terpilih nantinya akan dijadikan acuan untuk melakukan peramalan pada periode selanjutnya. Kemudian melakukan perhitungan safety stock dan reorder point yang efisien untuk satu periode produksi. Dari hasil perhitungan pada bahan baku benang menghasilkan Maximum Inventory = 4287 kg; Safety Stock = 53 kg; Reorder Point = 128 kg sedangkan pada bahan baku cat Maximum Inventory = 304 kg; Safety Stock = 7 kg; Reorder Point = 12 kg.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN REPRESENTASI MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINEAR DUA VARIABEL (SPLDV) DI KELAS VIII 3 MTS AL-JAM’IYATUL WASLIYAH TEMBUNG
Authors: Harahap Latifah Marhamah , Rakhmawati Fibri
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematis siswa MTs Al-Washliyah Tembung di kelas VIII 3 dalam menyelesaikan masalah dari materi Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel (SPLDV). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini 6 subjek diambil sebagai subjek wawancara yang mewakili 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok atas, kelompok menengah, dan kelompok bawah ditentukan berdasarkan hasil tes. Kriteria untuk subjek wawancara adalah subjek yang dapat mewakili jawaban masing-masing kelompok dan dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode pengujian, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa ada siswa yang kurang mampu untuk membuat representasi visual sesuai dengan informasi dalam pertanyaan, tidak memiliki pemahaman dalam menjawab pertanyaan tentang kemampuan representasi ekspresi, dan masih mengalami kesulitan menulis representasi verbal dan menjelaskannya.

 

Kata Kunci:

Kemampuan Representasi Matematis

 

Abstract:

This study aims to determine the mathematical representation ability of students of MTs Al-Washliyah Tembung in class VIII 3 in solving material problems of the Two Variable Linear Equation System (SPLDV). This research is a qualitative research. In this study 6 subjects were taken as interview subjects who were representatives of 3 groups, namely the upper group, middle group, and lower group determined based on test results. Criteria for interview subjects are subjects that can represent the answers of each group and can communicate well. Data collection is done by the method of testing, documentation, and interviews with students. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there were students who were less able to make visual representations in accordance with the information in the questions, lacked understanding in answering questions about the ability of expression representation. Also still having difficulty writing verbal representations and explaining them.

 

Keywords:

Mathematical Representation Ability
Las políticas del retorno de los desplazados en los Acuerdos de Paz con las FARC-EP en contexto histórico e internacional: cambios, continuidades y desafíos
Authors: Salcedo Ramírez Jorge Arturo
Published: September 2020

El Acuerdo de Paz suscrito entre el gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP en 2016 establece lineamientos para garantizar el retorno de los desplazados internos y refugiados, que cambian parcialmente las políticas del retorno predecesoras. Las principales transformaciones consisten en la inclusión, por primera vez, de políticas sobre el retorno en un pacto de paz y en la vinculación de las primeras con la reincorporación de excombatientes, con la justicia restaurativa y con la justicia social y política de corte distributivo, en el Acuerdo de Paz. Entre las continuidades se encuentran la implementación selectiva de los programas de retorno bajo criterios de priorización territorial subordinados a las políticas contrainsurgentes de seguridad nacional, su implementación en medio del conflicto armado, la débil vinculación del retorno con la restitución de tierras y la oposición de élites que han usufructuado el despojo. Para que la implementación del Acuerdo de Paz contribuya a un retorno con garantías para los desplazados y refugiados, las experiencias de institucionalización e implementación normativa del derecho al retorno en Colombia y en el ámbito internacional, muestran la necesidad de avanzar hacia un cierre global del conflicto armado, de universalizar el derecho al retorno a todo el territorio, de vincularlo a una política de masificación y agilización de la restitución de tierras, y de garantizar la movilización política de los desplazados para la defensa de su derecho a retornar.
Hacia la Satyagraha Nasa: diferencias y similitudes entre la teoría y una experiencia concreta
Authors: Martínez Bernal Daniel Ricardo
Published: September 2020

Las resistencias indígenas del Cauca constituyen algunos de los principales caminos y alternativas a los ciclos de violencia vividos en Colombia. La comparación teórico-práctica, las relaciones (similitudes y divergencias) entre los datos encontrados en las entrevistas a los protagonistas de la resistencia Nasa y las aportaciones teórico-doctrinales de la Satyagraha y  gandhismo, permitieron analizar  la lucha llevada a cabo por las comunidades indígena Nasa en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia, a través de hechos y experiencias. A través del método histórico comparativo, la acción participante y las entrevistas a profundidad; se recogieron datos que permitieron conocer las concepciones y significaciones propias de las comunidades indígenas, tanto de su lucha como de la  relación frente al concepto de Satyagraha. Se parte de la hipótesis de que existen unas condiciones político-practicas, que llegan a constituir un ejemplo de dirimir los conflictos y hacer política de manera no armada, y no cruenta, en un contexto como el colombiano. Son experiencias representativas donde hay luchas perdurables o “especificas”, como producto de la evolución de un pensamiento y una resistencia.
Resistencia civil contra megaproyectos. Análisis del movimiento ¡Hambi bleibt! en Alemania.
Authors: Gerstenberg Feline
Published: September 2020

Alemania es conocida internacionalmente por el movimiento ecologista de los años 70 y el liderazgo que ejerce en el desarrollo de acciones y medidas para la protección de la naturaleza. A pesar de dichos esfuerzos, hoy en día, sigue siendo el productor más importante de lignito del mundo, también conocido como carbón marron. En un lugar cerca de la ciudad Colonia, se encuentra la mina de lignito a cielo abierto más grande de Europa llamada Hambach. Para que la empresa energética RWE, dueña de la mina, pueda ampliar su territorio, quiere deforestar el Bosque de Hambach completamente. Se trata de un bosque de 12.000 años que queda al lado de la mina. Desde 2012, distintas personas están resistiendo contra la deforestación y RWE. Durante el transcurso del tiempo, se construyó un movimiento bajo el lema ¡Hambi bleibt![1]. Este articulo quiere dar respuesta a la pregunta, hasta qué punto se trata de una resistencia no-violenta. Para esto, se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas con nueve personas que forman parte de los procesos de resistencia y también se analizaron artículos y materiales audiovisuales. El resultado clave es que la mayoría de las personas actúa con métodos de acción no-violenta y que la autoimagen se distingue claramente de la atribución externa. El artículo amplia la Investigación para la Paz con respecto a conflictos socio-ambientales actuales. [1] En español: ¡Hambi se queda!
THE USE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES TO INCREASE THE RESISTANCE OF SOYBEANS TO HERBICIDES
Authors: Mikhaylova М. P. , Sinegovskaya V. T.
Published: September 2020

The research was carried out of the effect of a biologically active substance on the reduction of herbicidal load during the cultivation of Kitrossa soybean variety in the Amur Region.As a biologically active substance used the natural preparation ExtraCor obtained by processing Daurian larch (Larix gmelinii).Field experiments were carried out in 2017–2019 on meadow chernozem-like soils in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Amur Region, laboratory experiments were carried out in the seed science group of the All-Russian Soybean Research Institute.Laboratory investigation found that on average for three years the use of the biologically active substance ExtraCor allowed to reduce the number of abnormally developed seedlings by 2.3 times compared with the control.The length of germinating seedlings during ExtraCor seed treatment was, on average, 1.5 cm longer relative to the control. The variation range was 17.3%, in the control - 18.4%.The treatment of seeds and vegetative soybean plants with the ExtraCor drug contributed to an increase in germination energy by 3...6% compared with the control variant and by 8...11% relative to the use of the herbicide. In the variant with the use of herbicidal treatment, a 5% decrease in the germination energy was noted in comparison with the control variant. The analysis of the crop structure showed that on average over the years of research, the use of a natural preparation for vegetating plants in combination with presowing seed treatment contributed to an increase in the number of beans by 0.4-2.5 pcs., and seeds - by 0.7-3.5 pcs. per 1 plant compared to the variant where, when processing crops with herbicides, ExtraCor was not used. The weight of seeds from 1 plant increased by 0.2-0.8 g. The biological yield of seeds on average increased to 3.08 t/ha with 2.92 t/ha in the control and 2.62 t/ha in the variant with the use of herbicides.
FEATURES OF SELECTIVE IMPROVEMENT OF WINTER WHEAT IN THE ROSTOV REGION STEPPE ZONE
Authors: Fomenko М. А. , Grabovets А. I. , Oleynikova T. А.
Published: September 2020

The research was carried out in 2005 – 2019 at the Federal Rostov Agrarian Research Center in the Rostov region. The material was the breeding material of various generations of the breeding center. The introduction of semi-dwarf forms into the selection process was accompanied by the involvement of medium-sized local varieties Tarasovskaya 29, Severodonskaya, Severodonskaya 5, Severodonskaya 12, which were adapted to local conditions as step crosses. Also recursive parental forms from various ekonish were used. Field experiments and censuses were carried out in accordance with the methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing (1971, 1989) and the Methodological Instructions of the World Collection Vir (1977). Breeding of winter wheat was carried out by conventional methods using the bulk method and pedigree.The material was the selection material of different generations of FRANZ breeding. Recombinants of previous generations were used to create varieties of winter soft wheat of the new morphobiotype Donmira, Acapella, Bylina Don.  Under different stress factors, the features of the formation of agrocenoses of new phenotypes were revealed. In order to improve individual characteristics, sources of winter and frost resistance were used.  A marker sign of selection for productivity and adaptability in drought conditions is an increase in the weight of grain from the plant and ear, the yield index. Further development of breeding of semi-dwarf varieties will be associated with an increase in the capacity of the agrocenosis. The research was implemented in the creation of 20 varieties of winter soft wheat, which are included in the State register of breeding achievements, with a wide area of cultivation.
ADVANCED PNEUMATIC DEVICES FOR COMBINED SOWING OF A TILLED CROP SEEDS
Authors: Akhalaya B. Kh. , Shogenov Yu. Kh. , Starovoytov S. I. , Shogenov А. Kh.
Published: September 2020

Designed pneumatic sowing machines that work on vacuum, the first is to dotted and a combined seeding, a combined method of two cultures are sown in a row with placement on a different planting depth, sowing in the presented apparatus, the vacuum chamber is original structurally and made arcuate at the output which is fixed at the two sleeves on each seeding disk, replacing the existing mechanical kickers of excess seeds and metal ejectors, this approach allows us to bring to the minimum amount of seed damage, this helps to increase productivity. The device is used for seeding seeds, both for grain and silage, which allows you to get a high-protein feed mass for livestock. The second seeding device is distinguished by the fact that the regulation of seeding with alternating components occurs remotely, from the tractor cab, thanks to the innovative design features of the device. The developed pneumatic device with a controlled seeding process and the possibility of obtaining a crop by alternating seeds of different cultures makes it versatile and cost-effective. The use of the developed devices increases the functionality of pneumatic seeding machines, allows you to sow seeds of various crops simultaneously in a single row in a combined way, as well as dotted, with strict observance of the exact single-grain seeding, which contributes to an increase in yield up to 10-15%.
Impacts & Mitigation Approach of Flue Gas (SO2) in Coal Fired Power Plant of Bangladesh
Authors: Rayhan Rifat H.m , Bın Sultan Zayed
Published: September 2020

Energy demand of Bangladesh is rising continuously. Therefore, several power plants have been establishing, where the main fuel is a coal to satisfy this requirement. In Barapukuria, a coal-based power plant has already been activated to produce 250 MW electricity. The coal-fired power plant in Matarbari (1200 MW), Payra Thermal Power Plant (1320 MW), Rampal Power Plant (1320MW) are under construction in addition to add 3840 MW. While boasting our power grid, it raises the concern of environmental adversity that may occur by the emission of flue gases (SO2, NOx, CO2) and particulate material from the chimney. This exhaust emission causes a discrepancy in human health and the environment. Among these flue gases SO2 is prime concern here. Hence, this study is done to identify the adversity of this pollutant. For this reason, the amount of flue gas (SO2) is calculated which will help to understand the deviation from standard values. If any deviation is identified, mitigation steps should be taken to prevent the adversity. There are various methods to mitigate the flue gas (SO2), for example, wet scrubber, limestone/gypsum system, ammonia scrubbing, lime/limestone scrubbing for mitigation of sulfur dioxide (SO2). According to the suitability and efficiency of these processes, the best methods are explained to capture the flue gas (SO2) for saving our environment.
Nickel alloy addition impact upon structure of Al-10%TiC composite
Authors: Luc Al'fiya , Shipilov Sergey , Rybakov Anton
Published: September 2020

In the paper there is considered the impact of nickel alloy addition upon the process of titanium carbide phase formation during the realization of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in aluminum melt. The regularities of structure formation and optimum conditions for an engineering process for Al-4%Ni-10%TiC composite manufacturing are defined.
Nursing Care in Schizophrenic Clients (Delusion) in Hospital Service Management: A Case Study
Authors: Wijoyo Eriyono Budi , Mustikasari Mustikasari
Published: September 2020

Introduction: care for mental patients needs to be continuous and collaboration between health workers and the client's family is needed. This collaboration can be done by carrying out one of the complementary training activities to extend the recurrence time and prepare the client to return to the community. Objective: to find out schizophrenia nursing care in a hospital. Method: The process of writing this scientific article uses a case study approach with a descriptive method drawn from the life and personal experience of the author. To collect data in the form of articles, the author uses several databases, namely Science Direct and Google Search. The author also uses several search keywords such as "Psychiatric Disorder", "Perception Disorder", "Delusion", "Therapy Complementer", using the boolean "AND". In addition to using keywords, the author also uses inclusion and exclusion criteria starting from articles published 2010-2020, using Indonesian and English as well as fulltext articles with reliable sources. From the search above, thousands of articles were obtained and the authors analyzed and raised the title "Nursing Care for Schizophrenic Clients (Delusions) in Hospital Service Management: Case Studies". Results and Discussion: Clients in cases showing chronic schizophrenia with prominent symptoms are delusions. Clients with delusions can be done training or complementary therapy for the process of preparation for returning home and returning to the community. Conclusions and Recommendations: The nursing process in psychiatric patients especially chronic schizophrenia must be continuous and continuous. This severe mental disorder is chronic and there will be a recurrence so there is a need for cooperation between the nurse and the client's family for the implementation of therapy. Therapies such as music therapy, aromatherapy, massage, reflexology, animal therapy, cinema therapy, yoga and social skill training. Further research is needed related to the effects of complementary therapy associated with schizophrenia. Keywords: Nursing Care, Schizophrenia, service management, delusions
Statistical Analysis Plan for the Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract in Intensive Care Unit (SuDDICU) study
Authors: Billot Laurent , Myburgh John , Goodman Fiona , Finfer Simon , Seppelt Ian , Gordon Anthony , Cuthbertson Brian
Published: September 2020

SuDDICU is an international, multicentre, cross-over, cluster randomised controlled trial comparing the effect of selective decontamination of the digestive tract to usual care on hospital mortality in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. This manuscript presents the pre-specified statistical analysis plan (SAP) for the SuDDICU trial. The SAP was written without knowledge of the effect of the intervention.
Cultured meat: Do Chinese consumers have an appetite?
Authors: Dempsey Chloe , Bryant Christopher John
Published: September 2020

This study examined the potential future for cultured meat in China, with a focus on the Chinese consumer. The study combined interviews with 17 stakeholders in this future (including incumbent industry, investors, start-ups and third sector representatives), with a survey of Chinese respondents (n=1,020), which examined how different descriptions of cultured meat affected levels of acceptance, as well as preferred product format and key objections. The results of the survey indicate that 70% of Chinese consumers are willing to try cultured meat, and 58% are already willing to buy it. We also find that Chinese consumers react more positively to descriptive framing of cultured meat that focus on food safety and health benefits, and in many instances are significantly less accepting of cultured meat when it is described as purely an imported product, or a scientific technology. These findings, and those of the study more broadly, are important because they indicate that advocates for cultured meat should make an effort to tailor their messaging to Chinese consumers. Considering that Chinese media is increasingly covering the subject of cultured meat, stakeholders should be proactive in shaping transparent narratives that focus on the intrinsic value of cultured meat to consumers. The survey also identifies processed meat products as the most commonly preferred product Chinese consumers would purchase cultured meat as, suggesting that greater understanding of the Chinese processed meat market may be useful to the cultured meat industry. This should be supplemented by an understanding of the use of meat in Chinese cooking and how cultured meat products may be used in this context.
Differential and Experimental Approaches to Studying Intelligence in Humans and Non-Human Animals
Authors: Burgoyne Alexander P. , Tsukahara Jason S. , Draheim Christopher , Engle Randall W
Published: September 2020

Why do some individuals learn more quickly than others, or perform better in complex cognitive tasks? In this article, we describe how differential and experimental research methods can be used to study intelligence in humans and non-human animals. More than one hundred years ago, Spearman (1904) discovered a general factor underpinning performance across cognitive domains in humans. Shortly thereafter, Thorndike (1935) discovered positive correlations between cognitive performance measures in the albino rat. Today, research continues to shed light on the underpinnings of the positive manifold observed among ability measures. In this review, we focus on the relationship between cognitive performance and attention control: the domain-general ability to maintain focus on task-relevant information while preventing attentional capture by task-irrelevant thoughts and events. Recent work from our lab has revealed that individual differences in attention control can largely explain the positive associations between broad cognitive abilities such as working memory capacity and fluid intelligence. In research on mice, attention control has been closely linked to a general ability factor reflecting route learning and problem solving. Taken together, both lines of research suggest that individual differences in attention control underpin performance in a variety of complex cognitive tasks, helping to explain why measures of cognitive ability correlate positively. Efforts to find confirmatory and disconfirmatory evidence across species stands to improve not only our understanding of attention control, but cognition in general.
Layanan Untuk Para Lansia Khususnya Layanan Kesehatan
Authors: Irawan Cahyo Adityo
Published: September 2020

Layanan kesehatan untuk para lansia diperlukan untuk memenuhi hak asasi manusia, khusunya untuk para lansia
People can identify the likely owner of heartbeats by looking at individuals’ faces
Authors: Galvez-Pol Alejandro , Salome Antoine , Li Charlotte , Kilner James
Published: September 2020

For more than a century it has been proposed that visceral and vasomotor changes inside the body influence and reflect our experience of the world. For instance, cardiac rhythms (heartbeats and consequent heart rate) reflect psychophysiological processes that underlie our cognition and affective experience. Yet, considering that we usually infer what others do and feel through vision, whether people can identify the most likely owner of a given bodily rhythm by looking at someone’s face remains unknown. To address this, we developed a novel two-alternative forced-choice task in which 120 participants watched videos showing two people side by side and visual feedback from one of the individuals’ heartbeats in the centre. Participants’ task was to select the owner of the depicted heartbeats. Across five experiments, one replication, and supplementary analyses, the results show that: i) humans can judge the most likely owner of a given sequence of heartbeats significantly above chance levels, ii) that performance in such a task decreases when the visual properties of the faces are altered (inverted, masked, static), and iii) that the difference between the heart rates of the individuals portrayed in our 2AFC task seems to contribute to participants’ responses. While we did not disambiguate the type of information used by the participants (e.g., knowledge about appearance and health, visual cues from heartbeats), the current work represents the first step to investigate the possible ability to infer or perceive others’ cardiac rhythms. Overall, our novel observations and easily adaptable paradigm may generate hypotheses worth examining in the study of human and social cognition.
Literature Review of Single-Case Quantitative Analysis Techniques
Authors: Fingerhut Joelle E. , Moeyaert Mariola , Manolov Rumen
Published: September 2020

A systematic search of single-case experimental design literature was conducted to determine the quantitative analysis techniques used for single-case experimental design studies and the justifications provided for using such analysis techniques. Preregistration protocols for single-case experimental design studies were also identified. The systematic search for the literature review yielded a total of 585 articles, and 122 unique articles were included after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The justifications identified in the articles were coded into different dimensions and dimension subcategories. Results indicated non-overlap indices to be the most commonly used quantitative analysis technique in single-case experimental design studies. The most popular justifications for using quantitative analysis techniques varied depending on the quantitative technique used. The most popular justification for non-overlap indices was "baseline trend present”, for standardized mean difference it was "correlates with other quantitative analysis techniques and/or reinforces visual analysis or other quantitative analysis techniques", and for regression it was "accounts for the nested data structure". Regarding pre-registration protocols, five protocols were identified, with each protocol recommending different guidelines for pre-registering single-case experimental design data. Overall, results indicate that more details need to be reported when justifying quantitative analysis technique selection and that justifications provided need to be better aligned with the limitations/assumptions of the quantitative analysis techniques.
Advancing the Social Identity Theory of Leadership: A Meta-Analytic Review of Leader Group Prototypicality
Authors: Steffens Niklas K , Munt Katie A , van Knippenberg Daan , Platow Michael J. , Haslam S. Alex
Published: September 2020

This research advances a social identity approach to leadership through a meta-analysis examining four novel hypotheses that clarify the nature and impact of leader group prototypicality (the extent to which a leader is perceived to embody shared social identity). A random-effects meta-analysis (k=128, N=32,834) reveals a moderate-to-large effect of prototypicality that holds across evaluative and behavioral outcomes. The effect is stronger (a) when prototypicality is conceptualized as the ideal-type rather than the average group member, (b) for stronger prototypes (indexed by group longevity), and (c) for group members in formal rather than non-formal leadership roles. The effect is not contingent on group prototypicality entailing differentiation from other (out)groups. Additionally, results provide meta-analytic evidence of widely examined key factors: follower group identification (which enhances the relationship) and leader group-serving behavior (which attenuates the relationship). Building on these findings, we outline the implications for the next wave of theoretical and empirical work.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Initial Effects of the Quiet Time transcendental meditation program: Evidence from two school pilots
Authors: Oppedisano Veruska , Doyle Orla , Fearon Pasco , Conti Gabriella
Published: September 2020

This paper assesses for the first time the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary impacts of Quiet Time (QT), a classroom-based Transcendental Meditation intervention that has been shown to be effective in other settings, in the UK and Ireland. The first study, implemented in a London primary school, included 89 children: those in sixth grade received the QT intervention, while those in fifth grade practiced meditation using the Headspace application. The second study, implemented in Donegal, included 100 fifth- and sixth-grade children from two schools: one received the QT intervention, the other served as a control. Feasibility outcomes included recruitment, programme delivery, and data collection at two timepoints. Acceptability outcomes included satisfaction reports. Outcomes at baseline and follow-up included measures of social skills and preferences, executive function, mental health and socio-emotional well-being, and academic achievement. Recruitment and retention rates were high in both pilots, and the results indicate that the intervention, when implemented with fidelity, is feasible and accepted by children, parents and teachers. Implementation fidelity was lower in the London pilot where delivery started later in the school year and the practice was affected by preparation for the Standard Assessment Tests. We find suggestive evidence that the intervention affected certain dimensions of children’s skills. The children who practiced QT showed improved working memory in both pilots. In the Irish pilot, pupils in the QT group had improved executive functioning; and girls showed improved emotional skills. These results suggest that QT may be feasibly delivered in school settings, it is well accepted, and may yield attention and emotional benefits, especially for girls, when implemented on a regular basis by trained teachers.
Predicting Native Chinese Readers’ Perception of Sentence Boundaries in Written Texts
Authors: Sun Kun , Lu Xiaofei
Published: September 2020

It is well known that sentence boundaries in Mandarin Chinese texts are to some extent flexible and subjective. Sentence boundaries are used parsimoniously in Mandarin Chinese and they often do not occur until the end of a block of clauses and so express the completeness of a meaning or an idea. Nonetheless, our hypothesis is that native Chinese depends on unspoken principles for judging the degree of completeness of meaning within a block of clauses. The concern on perceiving sentence boundaries by Chinese readers is similar as the issue of how Chinese readers segment words boundaries which has been investigated extensively. The former topic has, however, seldom been examined. The concern of our investigation is the kinds of unspoken principles or factors that play a role in detecting sentence boundaries (the practice of periods). Tackling these problems is an essential prerequisite to understanding the nature of this fundamental unit in Chinese, and gaining further insight into how Chinese readers perceive the completeness of meaning in this language. In order to clarify these issues, we conducted the re-punctuation experiments in the two separate groups (the training set vs. the testing set) that use different stimuli. Annotation data was also collected from the stimuli texts annotated by linguistic information at different levels. Logistic regression and the Bayesian statistical methods were then applied so as to test the effects of independent variables on the response variable. It turns out that the syntactic information does not affect the response variable. The logistic regression model works well in making good predictions about the data of the testing set. We propose that the sentence boundaries in Chinese are most probably semantically and textually conceptualized rather than syntactically defined.
Forms and Functions of Affective Synchrony
Authors: Wood Adrienne , Lipson Jennie , Zhao Fangyun , Niedenthal Paula
Published: September 2020

[CHAPTER] The reproduction of another individual’s emotions in the self – the embodiment of perceived emotions – has been demonstrated to constitute one mechanism for emotional information processing. That is, seeing someone’s emotion expressions and using one’s own face to make the same expression helps the perceiver represent the emotion of the other. When members of a dyad mimic each other’s emotion expressions and by consequence converge in their underlying physiology over time we say that the dyad has reached a state of affective synchrony. The present chapter brings together recent theorizing and research on physiological and expressive affective synchrony. We propose affective synchrony serves three interrelated functions: it enables efficient information exchange, allows for interpersonal emotion regulation, and builds social bonds. We review evidence for the contexts in which affective synchrony arises, propose and evaluate the benefits and costs of achieving these states, and end by suggesting paths for future research in this area.
Perhetaustan yhteys oppimistuloksiin Suomessa PISA- ja rekisteriaineistojen valossa
Authors: Lehti Hannu , Laaninen Markus
Published: September 2020

Aikaisempien tutkimusten mukaan oppimistulosten eriarvoisuus vanhemman taustan mukaan on kasvanut Suomessa viime vuosina. Tutkimusnäyttö perustuu vahvasti koulukyselyaineistoihin kuten PISA-aineistoon, jossa vanhempien koulutuksen ja ammattiasema on kysytty lapsilta. Tällaiset kyselyaineistot ovat alttiita vastausharhan aiheuttamalle mittausvirheelle. Tässä tutkimuksessa osoitamme, että PISA-aineistot sisältävät suurta mittausvirhettä vanhempien koulutuksen osalta. Siksi vanhemman ammattiasema on luotettavampi mittari, kun halutaan tutkia kotitaustan yhteyttä oppimistuloksiin PISA-aineistolla. Kun mittausvirhe ja negatiivinen valikoituminen vuosien välillä huomioidaan, oppimistulosten eriarvoisuus ei ole kasvanut Suomessa viime vuosina. / According to previous studies, the inequality of learning outcomes according to family background has increased in Finland in recent years. The evidence is strongly based on school surveys such as PISA data, where children are asked about their parental educational and occupation status. However, such surveys are prone to measurement error due to reporting bias. We show that the PISA data contain a large measurement error in terms of parental education. Therefore, parental occupational status is a more reliable indicator of family background when association between family background and learning outcomes are studied with PISA data. When the measurement error and the negative selection are taken into account, the results show that the inequality of learning outcomes has not increased in Finland in recent years.
Promoting Employment and Preserving Cultural Heritage: A Study of Handicraft Products Tourism in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Upadhyay Prakash
Published: September 2020

Handicraft s form a fundamental part of tourist experience representing local traditions and indigenous population’s talents and skills, income and job opportunities. This paper aims at exploring the role of handicraft products in promoting employment as well as preserving the cultural heritage of Pokhara. The study result reveals that there is a significant level of correlation and dependency between handicraft products and tourist’s arrival, job creation and the increase in income and social status of artisans and handicrafts shopkeepers. As a unique experience for tourists, handicraft products have enriched national economy, identity and promoted cultural heritage, uniqueness and authenticity, and cultural commercialization. However, handicraft is notjust about commercialization of cultural arts or displaying and selling products, it is about allowing tourists to truly understand the skill and the craft at rear and realize handicraft s unique tradition, linking tourists to artisans to facilitate them understand and appreciate the art. Further it is about how culture is recognized through display of a new self-representation or ‘enterprising spirit’, but not with the total loss of primordial ‘pure culture’ albeit an authenticity of hybrid culture. Lack of effective advertisement and marketing, inequitable price, scarcity of raw materials, intrusion of foreign goods, ineffective government policies are the crucial tribulations of handicraft products tourism in Pokhara. State policy improvement, increase in supply of raw materials, creative production and marketing are the ways that can promote handicraft market. It is necessary recognizing the prominence of handicraft products tourism as a prodigious agent for preservation of traditional craft, methods of production and an effective means of socio cultural and economic empowerment, cultural renovation and national identity building.
COVID-19, Tourism, and Nepalese Leisure Travelers’ Willingness to Travel
Authors: Dahal Rajiv
Published: September 2020

The paper aims to explore and understand COVID-19 and its effect on tourism in Nepal. More specifically, the study intends to find out Nepalese leisure travelers’ past traveling behavior and their willingness to travel once the government of Nepal relaxes the COVID-19 related lockdown and measures. The study used exploratory research design and used a survey method to find out respondents’ opinions on aspects of COVID-19 and tourism. The use of convenience sampling for collecting responses yielded 316 responses through email and social media platforms that lasted for three weeks in June - July 2020. The research revealed that most of the respondents are less affected by COVID-19 and are willing to take a holiday/vacation once there is relaxation of the COVID-19 measures. The majority of the respondents believed tourism as a significant part of the Nepalese economy, and expected tourism in Nepal would recover from the COVID situation.
Understanding Multisided Platforms, Circular Economy and Tourism
Authors: Kunwar Ramesh Raj
Published: September 2020

A multisided platform is a model that creates value by facilitating exchanges between two transaction partners which means the platform plays an intermediary role between the two groups. This is also called “knowledge economy “or “third globalization” which has been brought into one platform through technology and information. In business, the platform is recognized as a marketing terminology. Comparatively the state, government, and civil society are influenced by various technologies in several fields of human activities and provide beneficiaries to human beings. This study aims to introduce the multisided platforms and their respective fields in businesses on one side and the other side, it shows the link between tourism and circular economy and explains why is circular economy becoming a key factor for contributing to keeping the balanced environment in highly industrialized, urbanized, overpopulation including over tourism. These days the circular economy has become closely associated with sustainability and sustainable tourism and development.
Exploring Circularity: A Review to Assess the Opportunities and Challenges to Close Loop in Nepali Tourism Industry
Authors: Aryal Chandramani
Published: September 2020

Tourism is one of the important sectors in Nepali economy and gains high priority from the government sector as well owing to its contribution in the economic, social and environmental front. Despite these benefits, the tourism sector comes with negative externalities, providing rationality for shift towards a more sustainable approach. Despite this, the circular economy is yet to gain recognition, both at the academic and industrial level in Nepal. Thus, this article aims to fulfill that gap by introducing the concept of circular economy, application of circular economy to the tourism industry and barriers for their implementation in Nepal. In different parts of the world, transition towards circular economy, which integrates the concepts of restorative economy, sharing economy and service economy, from the linear one have been identified as an approach for sustainable economic development. Innovation and application of the 4R principles have been identified as the key to the shift towards the circular economy. Innovation implies the use of new, innovative and more durable products, innovation in the production process and innovative organizational process. Innovation of business models, reduction of the resources used, reuse of the old products thereby reducing the demand for the new ones and recycling of waste products generated are some of the strategies of the circular economy that are applicable to the tourism industry. As Nepali tourism sectors are largely based on take-use-dispose form, they are unsustainable. Circular economy can address the problem associated with the tourism sector there by making the sector sustainable. But, adaptation of circular tourism is hindered mainly by financial and knowledge constraints. The study is expected to introduce and initiate academic discourse about circular tourism in Nepal.