bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Design and Polyphase Implementation Technique for 2D Digital FIR Differentiators
Authors: Matei Radu , Chiper Doru Florin
Published: December 2024

In this work, an analytical method in the frequency domain is proposed for the design of two-dimensional digital FIR differentiators. This technique uses an approximation based on two methods: the Chebyshev series and the Fourier series, which, finally, lead to a trigonometric polynomial, which is a remarkably precise approximation of the transfer function of the ideal differentiator. The digital differentiator is applied to three test images, one greyscale image and two binary images, and simulation results show its performance in the processing task. Also, based on the fact that this 2D differentiator is separable on the two frequency axes, we propose an efficient implementation at the system level, using polyphase filtering. The designed digital differentiator is very accurate and efficient, having a high level of parallelism and reduced computational complexity.
Modelling and Intelligent Decision of Partially Observable Penetration Testing for System Security Verification
Authors: Liu Xiaojian , Zhang Yangyang , Li Wenpeng , Gu Wen
Published: December 2024

As network systems become larger and more complex, there is an increasing focus on how to verify the security of systems that are at risk of being attacked. Automated penetration testing is one of the effective ways to achieve this. Uncertainty caused by adversarial relationships and the “fog of war” is an unavoidable problem in penetration testing research. However, related methods have largely focused on the uncertainty of state transitions in the penetration testing process, and have generally ignored the uncertainty caused by partially observable conditions. To address this new uncertainty introduced by partially observable conditions, we model the penetration testing process as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) and propose an intelligent penetration testing decision method compatible with it. We experimentally validate the impact of partially observable conditions on penetration testing. The experimental results show that our method can effectively mitigate the negative impact of partially observable conditions on penetration testing decision. It also exhibits good scalability as the size of the target network increases.
Modal Frequency and Damping Identification of the FAST Cabin-Cable System
Authors: Li Mingzhe , Sun Caihong , Li Qingwei , Yao Rui
Published: December 2024

The Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) faces challenges in establishing high-precision rigid connections between the receiver and the reflective surface due to its vast spatial span. Innovatively, FAST suspends the feed cabin in mid-air using six supporting cables. The precise positioning of the feed focal point is achieved through the coordinated control of cable extension and retraction, along with the A-B axis and the Stewart platform within the cabin. The cables and the feed cabin form a large parallel mechanism. Since the cables are flexible, and the feed cabin remains at a high altitude during observations, it is inevitably subject to internal and external disturbances. To quickly dissipate these disturbances, the system requires a certain level of damping, which directly affects the pointing and tracking accuracy of FAST. During the 2022–2023 operational period, there were multiple instances where the pulleys of the curtain mechanism on the supporting cables became stuck and were carried to the top of the towers by the cables. This also led to the phenomenon where the pulleys, after being stuck, would rapidly slide down the cables due to accumulation. At such moments, the cabin-cable system would experience instantaneous excitation, causing vibrations. This study uses the intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD) method to analyze the inertial navigation data installed in the cabin during these events, identifying modal frequencies and damping ratios. The analysis results show that the lowest primary vibration frequency of the FAST cabin-cable suspension system ranges from approximately 0.12 to 0.2 Hz, with a damping ratio of no less than 0.004. These data indicate that the current structure of FAST has a strong energy dissipation capability, providing important reference points for improving the control accuracy of FAST and for the upgrade of the feed support system.
A Tutorial on the Strong Gravity Effects in Black Hole X-Ray Spectra
Authors: Bambi Cosimo
Published: December 2024

This is a tutorial on the strong gravity effects (motion of massive and massless particles in a curved spacetime, evaluation of redshift factors, estimate of physical quantities in different reference frames, etc.) necessary to calculate the electromagnetic spectra of geometrically thin and optically thick accretion disks around black holes. The presentation is intentionally pedagogical, and most calculations are reported step by step. In the disk–corona model, the spectrum of a source has three components: a thermal component from the disk, a Comptonized component from the corona, and a reflection component from the disk. This tutorial reviews only the strong gravity effects, which can be decoupled from the physical processes involving the interaction between matter and radiation. The formulas presented here are valid for stationary, axisymmetric, asymptotically flat, circular spacetimes, so they can be potentially used for a large class of black hole solutions.
Efektivitas Bimbingan Klasikal Terhadap Penggunaan Media Sosial dan Pertahanan Akulturasi Budaya pada Generasi Z
Authors: Zulaifi Reza , Wibowo Dwi Endrasto , Mustakim Ichwanul , Iman Nurul
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana keefektifitasan bimbingan klasikal terhadap penggunaan media sosial dan pertahanan akulturasi budaya pada generasi z. Banyak generasi Z yang terlahir dalam rentang 2000-2024 terdampak dari penggunaan smartphone untuk mengakses berita terkini dan tidak memperhatikan kembali budaya lokal yang ada. Pengaruh ini besar bagi terancamnya literasi budaya yang ditularkan dari gen X kepada kaum generasi Z. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian literature yang menggunakan beberapa literature tentang keefektifitasan bimbingan kelompok dan pengaruh penggunaan media soal terhadap akulturasi budaya pada generasi Z untuk dikaji dan disimpukan hasilnya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa media sosial memiliki dampak pergeseran budaya bagi generasi z di lingkungan sekitar terlebih dalam cara berpakaian, bahasa dan tingkah laku. Oleh karenanya, metode layanan bimbingan klasikal inilah yang kami pilih sebagai solusi pemecahan masalah yang ditimbulakan, yang mana dapat membantu individu agar mampu menyesuaikan diri, mampu mengambil keputusan untuk hidupnya sendiri, mampu beradaptasi dalam kelompok, mampu menerima support atau dapat memberikan support teman-temannya.
Kötülüğün Nispeti: Çelişik Görünümlü Nisâ 78-79. Âyetler Örneğinde Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Güneş Ali Rıza
Published: December 2024

Bu makalenin amacı, Nisâ 78-79. âyetler arasında bir çelişkinin bulunup bulunmadığını incelemektir. Ayrıca bu âyetler kapsamında ana konuyla doğrudan alakalı olan kötülüğün nispetinin kime yapılacağını ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Bir grup müfessire göre, 78. âyette geçen iyiliğin ve kötülüğün her ikisi de Allah’tandır. Bu müfessirler, 79. âyette de bunun tekrarlandığını düşünmektedir. Başka bir müfessir grubuna göreyse 78. âyette iyiliğin ve kötülüğün her ikisi, Allah’tandır. Fakat 79. âyet, kötülüğün sebebini insana bağlamaktadır. Bu düşüncedekiler, kötülüğün takdirinin Allah’a, bu takdirin sebebininse insana ait olduğunu başka âyetlerle temellendirmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu makalede kötülüğün sebebinin insan olduğu görüşünü pekiştirme amacıyla felsefe ve kelâmdan da faydalanılmaktadır. Ateist düşünce, genellikle dünyada kötülüğün çok olduğunu söylemektedir. Bunun karşısında yer alan Kur’ân ve Teist düşünceye göre, evrene ve hayata çoğunlukla iyilik hâkimdir. Kötülükse az, ârizî ve görecelidir. Kötülüğün kabul edilmesi, ancak hayatın bir imtihan olduğuna ve her şeyin karşılığının verileceği âhirete inanmakla mümkündür. Yoksa dünya ölçeğinde kötülüğün bulunmasına mantıklı bir cevap vermek mümkün değildir. Bu sorun, kötülüğün insana, bunun takdirininse Allah’a ait olduğu şeklinde çözümlenmektedir. Nisâ 78-79. âyetler, Kur’ân bütünlüğünde incelendiğinde, herhangi bir çelişkiye düşülmeksizin bu şekilde anlaşılabilmektedir. İlgili âyetlerdeki çelişik görünümün, gerçek bir çelişkiden değil zannî bir çelişkiden doğduğu görülmektedir. Bir başka ifadeyle ilgili âyetlerdeki çelişik görünüm, Kur’ânî bir olgudan değil, beşerî bir algıdan kaynaklanmaktadır.
Modern Arap Edebiyatında Polisiye Romanı: Tarihsel Gelişimi ve Teknik Özellikleri
Authors: Demir Ethem
Published: December 2024

Batı romanından yapılan tercümelerle ilk olarak ortaya çıkan Arap romanı, Arap edebiyatçıların gayretleriyle hızlı bir şekilde gelişmiştir. Geliştikçe farklı türlere ayrılan Arap romanı, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra yeni bir roman türü olan polisiye roman türünü de bünyesine katmıştır. Tıpkı genel roman sanatı gibi Arap polisiye roman türü de ilk olarak Batı edebiyatında ortaya çıkmış akabinde de tercüme faaliyetleriyle Arap edebiyatına girmiştir. Başta Fas, Cezayir ve Mısır olmak üzere çeşitli Arap ülkelerinden edebiyatçıların çabalarıyla daha sonra gelişmeye başlayan Arap polisiye romanı, özellikle doksanlı yıllarda önemli bir aşamaya gelmiştir. İfade edilen söz konusu önemli ilerlemeye rağmen çeşitli nedenlere bağlı olarak Arap polisiye romanı Batı polisiye romanına kıyasla biraz zayıf kalmıştır. Söz konusu nedenlerin başında da polisiye romanın ihtiyaç duyduğu özgür bir ortamın Arap ülkelerinde bulunmaması, Arap edebiyatçıların polisiye romanına karşı olumsuz düşünceler taşıması ve Arap roman yazarlarının polisiye roman yazımı için gerekli birikime sahip olmaması şeklinde olduğu görülmüştür. Kaleme alınan bu makalede polisiye romanın ana vatanı konumundaki Batı edebiyatındaki doğuş ve gelişiminin ardından Arap edebiyatındaki doğuş ve gelişim süreçlerine değinilmiş, akabinde de Arap polisiye romanlarının kendine has temel yapı unsurlarına değinilmiştir. Genel manada Arap polisiye romanların kısa bir teknik analizinin de yapıldığı bu makale çalışmasında Arap polisiye romanlarında zaman, mekân ve karakter gibi hususlara değinilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Arap polisiye romanlarındaki zaman, mekân ve karakterlerin ne şekilde işlendiğine bakılmıştır.
Sivâsî’nin Uyûnu’t-Tefâsir Mukaddimesinde Kur’ân’ın Nüzûl Keyfiyeti ve Te’vîl-Tefsir Ayrımı
Authors: Sarıgül Kaan , Aydar Hidayet
Published: December 2024

Osmanlı dönemindeki tefsir faaliyetleri son zamanlarda üzerine yoğunlaşılan konulardandır. Bununla birlikte Osmanlı döneminde kaleme alınmış birçok tefsir ve Osmanlı aliminin tefsir yönü gün yüzüne çıkmayı beklemektedir. Malumdur ki tefsir mukaddimeleri, tefsir ameliyesini anlamada önemli bir konumdadır. Kanaatimizce Osmanlı döneminde kaleme alınmış tefsir mukaddimleri üzerine yapılacak her inceleme Osmanlı tefsir kültürünü anlamaya katkı sağlayacak; Osmanlı tefsir faaliyetlerini analiz etme noktasında günümüz araştırmacılarına destek verececektir. Bu minvalde çalışmamızda Osmanlı müfessirlerinden Şihâbuddîn Ahmed b. Mahmud Sivâsî’ye (öl. 860/1455[?]) ait 'Uyûnü't-tefâsîr li'l-fuzalâ'i-s-semâsîr’in mukaddimesi incelenmiştir. Sivâsî, mukaddimesinde ulûmü’l-Kur’ân konularına yer vermiştir. Mukaddimesinde on başlığı gündeme getiren Sivâsî’nin, beş başlığa daha çok ihtimam gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bunlar, inzâl, tenzîl, nüzûl keyfiyeti, tefsir ve te‘vîl’dir. Sivâsî, inzâl’i tefsir geleneğindeki tarifler üzerinden ele almış ve işaret yoluyla bu tarifler arasında tercih yapmıştır. Zikrettiği tariflerde Cibrîl’i “faal akıl” şeklinde isimlendirmiştir. Araştırmalarımıza göre bu kavram, Sivâsî öncesinde sadece Muhyiddin İbn Arabî’ye (öl. 638/1240) nispet edilen bir tefsirde, Nizâmeddîn Nîsâbûrî’nin (öl. 730/1329) Ğarâ‘ibü’l-Kur’ân’ında ve Âlûsî’nin (öl. 1270/1854) Rûhu’l-meʿânî’sinde bulunmaktadır. Müfessir, ardından tenzîl kavramını tarif etmiş ve tefsirlerde gündeme getirilmeyen ontolojik bir geçişten bahsetmiştir. Sonrasında ulûmü’l-Kur’ân literatüründe nüzûl keyfiyeti hakkında iki farklı tanımın olduğunu söylemiştir. Müellif, çalışmamıza konu edindiğimiz beş başlıktan son ikisini (tefsir ve te‘vîl) birlikte ele almıştır. Öncelikle iki kavramın sözlük ve ıstılah anlamlarına değinmiştir. Sivâsî, ıstılah anlamları arasındaki farkı ortaya koymak adına bir âyeti incelemiştir. Öte yandan tasavvuf kimliğiyle bilinen müellif, te‘vîl yapabilme yetkinliğini Allah’ın basiret nuru vermesine bağlamıştır. Zikredilen konular çerçevesinde çalışmamız, giriş, üç başlık ve sonuç bölümlerinden oluşmaktadır. İlk başlıkta Sîvasî’nin hayatına değinilmiştir. Diğer başlıklarda müellifin yer verdiği konular, öncelikle Müellifin anlattığı tarzda aktarılmış; Sonrasında hem müellifin tefsirinden hem de sair tefsir külliyâtından yararlanılarak ilgili konular üzerinde incelemeler yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Sivâsî’nin mukaddimesinin belli kavramlar ve izahlar çerçevesinde özgün olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca Sivâsî hakkında yapılan çalışmalarda gündeme getirilen “Sivâsî’nin tefsirini yazdıktan sonra tasavvufa intisap ettiği” iddiası tarafımızca tartışılmıştır.
Turist Rehberliğinde Ödomanik İyilik Düzeyinin İş Stresine Etkisi
Authors: Balta Selin , Zorlu Özcan , Akyurt Kurnaz Hande
Published: December 2024

Amaç ve Önem: Bu araştırmanın amacı, turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin iş stresleri üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Bireyin genel iyilik durumunu kapsamlı olarak ele alan ödomanik iyilik düzeyi, turlarda ziyaretçiler ile birebir ve yoğun bir etkileşim içerisinde olan turist rehberleri için iş stresinin azaltılmasında dikkate alınması gereken bir öncüldür. Bununla birlikte literatürde turist rehberliği mesleği özelinde ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin iş stresine etkisini konu alan çalışmaya rastlanmaması bu araştırmayı sonuçları bağlamında önemli kılmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak mevcut araştırma sonuçlarının ilgili alanyazına ve sektöre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Yöntem: Bu araştırmada 108 turist rehberine, 28 Ocak- 25 Nisan 2024 tarihleri arasında Google formlar aracılığı ile anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde öncelikle geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik testleri gerçekleştirilmiş, tanımlayıcı analizlerde sıklık ve yüzde analizleri ile aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin ölçümü için korelasyon analizi, hipotez testi için ise regresyon analizi kullanılmış, elde edilen bulgular yorumlanarak, benzer çalışmaların sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma verilerinin analizi sonucunda örneklemde yer alan turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeyinin oldukça yüksek olduğu diğer yandan iş streslerinin yok denecek kadar az olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırma hipotezinin testinde ise turist rehberlerinin ödomanik iyilik düzeylerinin iş stresine etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Özgünlük/Bilimsel Katkı: Elde edilen bulgular, benzer değişkenleri konu edinen ve edinecek olan sınırlı sayıdaki araştırmalara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir. Diğer yandan turist rehberleri bağlamında konuyu doğrudan ele alan araştırma olmaması, bu araştırmayı alanında öncü kılmakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için kaynak oluşturmaktadır.
Nachhaltiges Wirtschaften
Authors: Hatfield Sarah , Heimann Rolf , Hühn Nicole , Hatfield Sarah , Heimann Rolf , Hühn Nicole
Published: December 2024

Die Textilindustrie steht vor erheblichen Umwelt- und sozialen Herausforderungen. Zudem gibt es neue gesetzliche Anforderungen wie den European Green Deal und das deutsche Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz. Diese fordern ein nachhaltigeres Handeln von Unternehmen. Um diese Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, sollten Firmen eine umfassende Nachhaltigkeitsanalyse durchführen, in recycelte Materialien und erneuerbare Energien investieren und Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Kreislaufwirtschaft umsetzen. Eine transparente Kommunikation und eine Überwachung der Lieferketten sind ebenfalls entscheidend. Darüber hinaus sollten Unternehmen Nachhaltigkeitstrainings anbieten und eine starke nachhaltigkeitsorientierte Unternehmenskultur fördern. Anreize für umweltfreundliches Verhalten, wie Programme und Wettbewerbe, können zusätzlich motivieren. Durch diese Maßnahmen können Unternehmen sich zugleich auch als verantwortungsbewusste und innovative Marktführer positionieren. Dies bietet eine einzigartige Chance, die Zukunft der Textilindustrie nachhaltig zu gestalten und einen langfristigen Geschäftserfolg zu sichern.
Corporate Social Responsibility und ESG kombinieren
Authors: Risi David , Schlindwein Eva , Risi David , Schlindwein Eva
Published: December 2024

Um mit dem aktuellen regulatorischen Druck und den Markttrends bei der Umgestaltung von Unternehmen im Sinne der Nachhaltigkeit Schritt zu halten, müssen Unternehmensleitungen Ideen aus den Bereichen Umwelt, Soziales und Governance (ESG) sowie der gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung von Unternehmen (CSR) in ihre Strategien integrieren. Es herrscht jedoch Verwirrung über die Bedeutung von ESG und CSR sowie über deren Beziehung zueinander. Der Beitrag erläutert, wie sich die Konzepte unterscheiden und wie man CSR und ESG intelligent kombinieren kann. CSR verleiht den ESG-Vorschriften mehr Tiefe und Sinn und stellt ein echtes Engagement für Nachhaltigkeit sicher, während ESG einen Realitätscheck für CSR-Initiativen bietet, indem sie deren Wirksamkeit in der Praxis evaluieren.
Nachhaltiges Leitbild mit Purpose
Authors: Wunder Thomas , Wunder Thomas
Published: December 2024

Vision, Mission, Purpose und Werte sind Kernelemente eines Leitbildes. Wie ein »Leitstern« liefert dies einen übergeordneten Wegweiser für die Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Strategien und Geschäftsmodellen. Ein klares Leitbild mit »Purpose« kann dabei helfen, Bewusstsein und Bereitschaft für die strategische Entwicklung eines Unternehmens in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit zu schaffen. Es liefert Antworten auf die Fragen, »warum« und »wohin« ein Unternehmen sich transformieren möchte.
Dziecko z dysfunkcją wrodzoną w tradycyjnej społeczności wiejskiej – perspektywa antropologii kultury
Authors: Żuraw Hanna
Published: December 2024

This article is of a review nature. It shows the diversity of cultural anthropology studies on disability issues. The vision of a child with a congenital defect was presented in traditional and contemporary rural communities. Conditions and differentiation of views and practices were indicated depending on the level of civilisation advancement of societies.
Epistemic Injustice. Research Report.
Authors: Jówko Aleksandra , Kayışlı Yaren , Syed Hasan , Sogliani Eleonora , Skouroupathis Melina
Published: December 2024

This article regards a social experiment conducted by Maastricht University students as a component of the course Thinking Like a Lawyer: Legal Challenge. The research concerned the occurrence of epistemic injustice among university students. The preferred research method was a social experiment. In order to collect research material, a number of interviews was conducted among Maastricht University students. The main research question was whether university students are inclined to make epistemically unjust judgements. The analysis of the research results allowed a verification of the presuppositions.
Stopień niepełnosprawności intelektualnej dziecka a postawy rodzicielskie matek
Authors: Drzeżdzon Paulina
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the differences between mothers' parental attitudes and the degree of the child's intellectual disability based on research conducted at the Special Educational and Educational Center in Puck and the Special Educational and Educational Center in Puck. Maria Grzegorzewska in Siedlce. The theoretical part of the work presents a typology of parental attitudes and a review of selected research on parental attitudes towards children with intellectual disabilities. The empirical part presents an analysis of the author's own research, which focuses on showing the differences between mothers' parental attitudes and the degree of intellectual disability of their children. Next, you can read the conclusions of the described research.
Dominujące postawy rodzicielskie matek wychowujących dzieci z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną
Authors: Drzeżdzon Paulina
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research was to identify the most common parental attitudes of mothers raising children with intellectual disabilities based on research conducted at the Special Educational and Educational Center in Puck and the Special Educational and Educational Center in Puck. Maria Grzegorzewska in Siedlce. In the theoretical part, the concept of parental attitude and its components was presented and the topic of parental attitudes towards children with intellectual disabilities was discussed. The empirical part of the text presents an analysis of the author's own research on the parental attitudes of mothers raising children with intellectual disabilities.
Mieszkanie treningowe jako forma aktywizacjispołeczno-zawodowej ucznia Specjalnego Ośrodka Szkolno-Wychowawczego w Siedlcach. Studium przypadku
Authors: Kurowska Agata
Published: December 2024

The training apartment in Siedlce plays a crucial role in the socio-professional support process for students with challenging behaviors. Participants in the program, who struggle with emotional and social issues, have the opportunity to develop independent living skills. An example is a student who initially exhibited aggressive and oppositional behaviors, hindering his functioning at school and in peer relationships. Through regular vocational practices and daily activities in the training apartment, he gradually acquired the competencies necessary for independent everyday life. The program emphasized an individual therapeutic approach that considered the needs and capabilities of the student. These activities supported the development of social skills, improved self-esteem, and motivation for learning. Emotional support was a key element, allowing the student to better cope with stress and emotions. Over time, with the help of specialists, he began to form more positive relationships with others, and his behavior significantly improved. Simultaneously, collaboration with the family was crucial, contributing to a better understanding of the student's needs and issues in the home environment. Parents were engaged in the therapeutic process, which positively impacted family relationships. The training apartment became a safe space for the student to function and learn from his mistakes. The program contributed to increasing the participant's autonomy and decision-making abilities. As a result, he gained more confidence and belief in his capabilities. The training apartment not only prepared the student for future independence but also for better integration into society. Gradually, he engaged in various social activities, supporting his interpersonal development. In summary, the project at the Special Educational Center in Siedlce demonstrates the importance of an individualized approach and understanding the specific needs of students with challenging behaviors. Its effects are visible not only in changes in participants' attitudes but also in the improvement of their relationships with their surroundings. The training apartment is thus an effective tool supporting the socio-professional development of youth with problems.
Funkcjonowanie osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w opinii studentów Uniwersytetu w Siedlcach
Authors: Nowak Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

The effect of shaping the ethics and culture of modern man is his attitude towards individuals who are different from him and his tolerance for non-uniformity. In connection with the above topic, research on the functioning of people with disabilities requires constant amendment and supplementation. The aim of the research was to learn students' views on the functioning of people with intellectual disabilities. The research was in the form of a diagnostic survey, carried out using an own questionnaire. The research was con-ducted among one hundred students from such fields as: pedagogy, other social sciences, medical sciences, exact and natural sciences, and humanities. The work consists of three main chapters. The first one shows the functions and types of social attitudes and characterizes the concept of social attitudes and stereotypes. The second one presents a description of the own research methodology. The third one presents the results of own research on how a person functions with intellectual disabilities. To get rid of all social barriers, inclusive education must continue to be promoted from an early age. This would eliminate all stereotypes, physical and mental barriers of society towards people with intellectual disabilities.
Mazowiecki Projekt Edukacyjny „Aktywni Społecznie”
Authors: Trzpil Kinga Marcelina , Płatek Urszula , Wróblewska Marlena
Published: December 2024

The Masovian Educational Project „Socially Active” was developed and implemented to increase the involvement of children and teachers of educational institutions in social life in the Masovian Voivodeship. Project participants were kindergarten groups and primary school students, whose task was to present social activities in the Facebook group by performing tasks in accordance with the project regulations. 25 educational institutions completed the project and participated in a summary meeting, during which the project authors awarded the facilities with certificates and statues for coordinators. As a result, the authors of the project achieved the involvement of the young generation, teachers and the local community in the education and culture, which leads to the development of these fields and contributes to increasing the attractiveness of the region. Regardless of the chosen form of activity, it is important to act with passion and commitment and to contribute to positive changes in the life of the local community.
III. LA TRANSFERENCIA DE CONOCIMIENTO Y TECNOLOGIA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD PARA ENFRENTAR LOS DESAFIOS DE LA SOCIEDAD DEL CONOCIMIENTO
Authors: Luis Guillermo Maldonado , Paredes María Gloria
Published: December 2024

La transferencia de conocimiento y tecnología (TCT) de la universidad desempeña un papel fundamental en la promoción del desarrollo y la innovación en el contexto de la sociedad del conocimiento (SC). El presente estudio aborda los desafíos y problemas que la sociedad del conocimiento presenta a la universidad, considerada actor principal en la generación, transmisión y gestión del conocimiento. Específicamente, se enfoca en presentar los principales mecanismos de transferencia de conocimiento y tecnología utilizadas por la universidad, para finalmente plantear estrategias innovadoras de Transferencia y cumplir con su misión. La pregunta planteada es: ¿Cuáles son los principales desafíos que la universidad debe enfrentar para realizar una TCT que aborde eficazmente los problemas que presenta la SC? para responder propone: (1) identificar los desafíos que presenta la SC a la Universidad para atender los problemas actuales; (2) presentar los mecanismos de TCT destacando las relacionadas al rol de la vinculación de la universidad con la sociedad; (3) plantear estrategias innovadoras en la gestión de la TCT. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se basa en colección, análisis y evaluación de fuentes secundarias. Inicialmente, se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre los desafíos y mecanismos que presenta la SC a la Universidad para atender los problemas actuales. Posteriormente, los datos colectados respecto a experiencias de TCT exitosas en Universidades, fueron sistematizadas y analizadas para finalmente proponer las estrategias innovadoras. Se concluye que la Prospectiva y la Vigilancia Tecnológica pueden contribuir en la atención a los desafíos que presenta la SC, considerando que son herramientas para anticiparse a los cambios futuros, tener una visión a largo plazo, atender a factores de cambio y estimular el desarrollo socioeconómico fortaleciendo los vínculos entre la universidad y su entorno.
IV. ABRIENDO CAMINOS AL APRENDIZAJE: IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LAS PRINCIPALES BARRERAS EN LA EDUCACIÓN DESDE UN ENFOQUE HOLÍSTICO
Authors: Parra Dulmary Artunduaga
Published: December 2024

La educación es fundamental para el desarrollo humano a nivel individual y social. Para abordar las problemáticas que enfrentan los estudiantes, es crucial asumir un papel activo desde la labor pedagógica e investigativa, indagando sobre el impacto de la participación, capacitación y papel de los diferentes miembros de la comunidad educativa en la deserción escolar, el bajo desempeño académico, la escasa motivación y el éxito educativo de los educandos. Así, con el objetivo de conocer los diferentes factores de aprendizaje que inciden negativamente en el aprendizaje y desempeño de los estudiantes de primaria de la Institución Educativa Rural El Lobo en el municipio de Puerto Rico, Departamento de Caquetá, Colombia, se llevó a cabo una investigación de enfoque cualitativo y tipo estudio de caso. La recolección de información se realizó mediante la observación directa, una entrevista semiestructurada a 5 educadores y una encuesta a 30 padres de familia. Evidenciándose en los resultados, deficiencias en la práctica pedagógica de los educadores y entornos familiares complejos, caracterizados por problemas culturales y económicos que dificultan el proceso de formación escolar de los niños, concluyéndose que, ante múltiples dificultades de índole pedagógica, social, familiar, tecnológica y económica, urge la concientización e implementación de un trabajo mancomunado entre la escuela y la familia para lograr un mejor rendimiento académico y una formación integral de los estudiantes
V. ANALISIS JURISPRUDENCIAL DE LA PROTECCIÓN LABORAL Y OCUPACIONAL REFORZADA EN COLOMBIA SEGÚN LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Pablo Cesar Gaviria Bautista , Cindyth Lorena Cárdenas Soto , Cesar Augusto Silva Giraldo , Yohanna Milena Rueda Mahecha
Published: December 2024

El Código Sustantivo del Trabajo establece los tipos de contratos que reconocen relaciones laborales, excluyendo el contrato de prestación de servicios. La Corte Constitucional unificando jurisprudencia llego a la conclusión que indistintamente del tipo de contrato, en toda actividad laboral pueden presentarse contingencias que desencadenan responsabilidades de tipo laboral, civil y/o penal. En este trabajo se hizo un análisis jurisprudencial de la protección laboral y ocupacional reforzada, identificándose las sentencias en que la Corte Constitucional ha hecho distinción entre protección laboral y ocupacional reforzada, determinándose su alcance y los criterios establecidos para cada una de ellas. Para alcanzar los objetivos establecidos, se realizó una investigación descriptiva, apoyada en el diseño documental donde se recurrió a referentes teóricos y decisiones judiciales.
VI. PROPUESTA DE ACTUALIZACION DE LA GTC 45 EN SU VERSIÓN 2012
Authors: Guillin Walter Arévalo , Diego Armando Jácome Claro , Wilson Andrés Trujillo Mejía , Marín  Ramírez Juan Carlos Marín  Ramírez Juan Carlos , Cesar Augusto Silva Giraldo , Yohanna Milena Rueda Mahecha
Published: December 2024

El tema abordado tiene como objeto el diseño de una propuesta que facilité a cualquier parte interesada la actualización de la guía técnica colombiana - GTC 45, en su actual versión 2012. Lo anterior, a través de un estudio d enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo, no experimental. Se contemplaron cuatro (4) fases para el desarrollo de los objetivos específicos y obtención de resultados, que van desde la revisión bibliográfica hasta la documentación técnica de la propuesta de actualización.
VIII. DISEÑO DE LA POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EN SALUD ALREDEDOR DE LA PANDEMIA POR COVID 19 QUE CONSIDERAN LA DIGNIDAD HUMANA Y EL DERECHO A LA SALUD EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Monica Patricia Tamayo Bonilla , Janeth Cecilia Gil Forero
Published: December 2024

La aparición de un nuevo virus denominado SARS-CoV-2 en el contexto mundial generó la construcción rápida de políticas públicas, con el fin de mantener a la población al margen del contagio. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el diseño de la política pública alrededor de la pandemia que consideran la dignidad humana y el derecho a la salud en Colombia. Revisión sistemática de las políticas públicas emitidas en Colombia durante la pandemia y artículos relacionados con el principio de dignidad humana y derecho a la salud. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron página oficial de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), página oficial de la autoridad sanitaria de Colombia, base de datos especializadas Medline, Embase, Scopus. Total, de archivos revisados 150; criterios de inclusión: política pública, dignidad humana, Covid-19, derecho a la salud, año 2020-2021. Resultados: Las políticas públicas emitidas en Colombia una vez declarada la pandemia fueron más de cien, sin embargo, no consideraron el principio de dignidad humana y las del derecho a la salud se fundaron más en la mitigación del riesgo, organización del sistema de salud, manejo de recursos económicos; restricción a lugares públicos, protocolos de bioseguridad. Conclusiones: Las primeras políticas públicas se orientaron al confinamiento para preservar la vida. Pero las unidades de cuidados intensivos colapsaron y no fue considerada la dignidad humana ni siquiera para morir.
Військове мистецтво козаків як основа військово-патріотичного виховання сучасної молоді (філософська оцінка)
Authors: Prytula Olexandr
Published: December 2024

Актуалізується значення впровадження виховних традицій козацтва у сучасних реаліях, що зумовлено не лише їх проукраїнським національним та військово-патріотичним характером, а й унікальністю педагогічних методів та прийомів, що застосувались нашими пращурами. На засадах філософії освіти характеризуються особливості виховання високого військового мистецтва козаків на прикладі життя та боротьби козацьких ватажків як основа військово-патріотичного виховання сучасної молоді. Аналізуються подвиги козацьких лідерів Северина Наливайка, Івана Сірка, Тараса Федоровича, Івана Богуна, Максима Кривоноса, Івана Гонти, Максима Залізняка, які є прикладами досконалості у військовому мистецтві, втіленням патріотизму, мужності та відданості українському народові. Спираючись на здобутки козацького виховання, автор відзначив необхідність впровадження козацько-лицарських традицій у сучасний виховний процес, особливо у справу військово-патріотичного виховання сучасної української молоді. Військово-патріотичне виховання сучасної молоді у навчальних закладах різного рівня має базуватись на сучасних методиках, що формують у школярів настанови, потреби і ціннісні орієнтири щодо розвитку військової майстерності та фізичних якостей під час навчання, занять у спортивних секціях (зокрема з хортингу), туристичних гуртках, у процесі індивідуального самовдосконалення. Вивчаючи сутність козацького виховання як систему органічного поєднання ідей народної педагогіки, українознавства, народних традицій, звичаїв, фольклористики автором охарактеризовано класифікацію методів навчально-виховного процесу на теренах Козацької держави, які доцільно застосовувати і в наш час.
Виклики Просвітництву і перспективи миру
Authors: Muliarchuk Yevhen
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена етичним проблемам відновлення миру в контексті викликів сучасної війни. Аналізується ситуація кризи просвітницьких ідеалів мирного облаштування світу на основі універсальних цінностей та апріорних засад людського порозуміння. Проаналізовано розвиток ідей справедливого миру та етичні аргументи стосовно виправданості війни від Середньовіччя (А. Августин, Тома Аквінський) до Нового часу й сьогодення. Окрему увагу приділено етиці миру І. Канта як такій, що визначає раціональні умови співіснування держав. Як і інші мислителі Ренесансу, Реформації та Просвітництва, Кант розумів природність війн та їх політичні цілі, однак мав на меті суспільні зміни задля їх зникнення у майбутньому. Такі цілі виявилися у міжнародному праві та ідеї світової федерації республік. Утім, нині просвітницький проєкт підважений політикою авторитарних країн. Розкрито проблему порозуміння між сторонами сучасних воєнних конфліктів (особливо у російсько-українській війні), як таку, що полягає у несумірності етичних дискурсів, орієнтованих на архаїчне минуле та утвердження бажань окремих етносів з модерним дискурсом світових демократій. Як релевантну етиці порозуміння стратегію відновлення миру підтримано ідею «нового Просвітництва», яка розвивається у сучасній західній та українській філософії і суспільній думці у широкому контексті осмислення глобальних безпекових проблем, включаючи й екологічні (війна людини з природою).
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Flipbook Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia Kelas V SD Negeri 6 Simpangkatis
Authors: Sani Fatma Rahma , Erika Fitri Wardani  , Nurjanah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan mahasiswa dalam menjelaskan aliran sirkulasi darah, dimana mahasiswa mengalami kesulitan membedakan sirkulasi darah kecil dan sirkulasi darah besar akibat penggunaan media pembelajaran yang masih kurang. Penggunaan media pembelajaran hanya berupa buku pendukung yang disediakan oleh sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang valid dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) menggunakan model ADDIE, yang terdiri dari 5 tahap yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 24 siswa kelas lima SD Ngeri 6 Simpangkatis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, validasi oleh ahli media dan ahli material, dan uji t sampel berpasangan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dari hasil validasi ahli media, skor 92,5% dikategorikan (sangat valid), validasi ahli materi 1 memperoleh skor 100% dikategorikan (sangat valid), dan ahli materi 2 memperoleh skor 96% dikategorikan (sangat valid). Hasil perhitungan uji-t sampel berpasangan yang diperoleh Sig. (2-tailed) antara pretest dan posttest memiliki nilai 0,000 <0,05, berdasarkan tcount>ttabel dimana -30.815> 1,714 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan flipbook media pembelajaran materi sistem peredaran darah manusia kelas V SD Negeri 6 Simpangkatis efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan pada siswa dalam menjelaskan alur peredaran darah, dimana siswa kesulitan untuk membedakan peredaran darah kecil dan peredaran darah besar dikarenakan penggunaan media pembelajaran yang masih kurang. Penggunaan media pembelajaran hanya berupa buku pendukung yang disediakan oleh pihak sekolah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang valid dan efektif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model ADDIE, yang terdiri dari 5 tahapan yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 24 siswa kelas V SD Ngeri 6 Simpangkatis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara, validasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, dan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, dari hasil validasi ahli media diperoleh skor 92,5% dikategorikan (sangat valid), validasi ahli materi 1 diperoleh skor 100% dikategorikan (sangat valid), dan ahli materi 2 diperoleh skor 96% dikategorikan (sangat valid). Hasil perhitungan uji paired sample t-test diperoleh Sig. (2-tailed) yaitu antara pretest dan posttest memiliki nilai 0,000 < 0,05, berdasarkan thitung>ttabel dimana -30,815> 1,714 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media pembelajaran flipbook materi sistem peredaran darah manusia kelas V SD Negeri 6 Simpangkatis efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Pengaruh Model Cooperative Script Terhadap Pemahaman Siswa Materi Pecahan Biasa Kelas IV SD Negeri 10 Sungailiat
Authors: Mona Monalisa , Fitri Apriani  , Sisi Pitriyana
Published: December 2024

The students’ struggle to understand and use common fractions correctly, especially when dealing with fractions with different denominators, was the driving force behind this study. Researchers at SD Negeri 10 Sungailiat set out to test fourth graders’ understanding of common fractions using the Cooperative Script model. A quantitative study using a pre-experimental design based on a one-group pretest-posttest was used. In this study, saturated sampling was used for the sample. 27 fourth graders from SD Negeri 10 Sungailiat participated in the study. Ten questions covering common fractions served as the test data collection tool. A paired sample t-test was used to test the hypothesis and ensure the normality of the data. There was a statistically significant relationship between the use of common fractions material in the pretest and posttest. The value found 0.00<0.05 in the calculation of the paired sample t-test using SPSS 26 shows this. This proves that Ha is true and H0 is false. Fourth graders of SD Negeri 10 Sungailiat benefited from the approach through the Cooperative Script model in learning fractions.
Thirty years in the service of botany
Authors: Gudžinskas Zigmantas
Published: December 2024

A brief overview of the thirty-year history of the scientific journal Botanica (published as Botanica Lithuanica in 1995–2017) is presented. From 2024 onwards, the journal will be published four times a year, and the fully processed articles will be immediately available online on the journal’s website.
Using Big Data in Labor Market Analysis: Theoretical Approaches and Methodological Tools
Authors: Vankevich A. V. , Kalinouskaya I. N.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the possibility of using big data technologies and large language models to analyze the labor market in the Republic of Belarus. Theoretical approaches using big data have been developed, which implies determining both the possibility of conducting labor market analytics using online sources and effective tools for collecting and processing information on the labor market from online sources. The use of big data and large language models will improve the quality and accuracy of labor market analysis in the republic, and the use of advanced analytical tools will provide a more complete and detailed understanding of the labor market dynamics. The study is based on the analysis of existing theoretical approaches, the practice of using big data and large language models in foreign countries, as well as an assessment of the current capabilities and limitations of using these technologies in Belarus. Machine learning, big data analysis and modeling were used as tools. The results of the study can be used to improve labor market management strategies, as well as to develop employment policies and programs focused on modern challenges and opportunities of the digital economy.
Design of Controlled Random Tests with the Given Hamming Distance
Authors: Yarmolik V. N. , Demenkovets D. V. , Levantsevich V. A. , Petrovskaya V. V.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the issues of testing computing systems and their components. It shows the low efficiency of probabilistic testing due to the failure to use the available information about both the test object and previously generated test sets. It is noted that it is promising to use information about previous test sets when constructing controlled probabilistic tests. A class of controlled probabilistic tests with a small number of test sets is identified and studied. Known standard controlled probabilistic tests with a small number of test sets are analyzed. A method for generating controlled probabilistic tests with a given Hamming distance is considered, the basis of which is the representation of binary test sets as a set of symbols of other number systems. Providing a given value of the Hamming distance for a controlled probabilistic test in a non-binary number system guarantees the same value for the binary interpretation of the generated test sets. The efficiency of the proposed test construction method is experimentally analyzed and confirmed for the case of testing memory devices for the presence of complex faults of mutual influence.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DENGAN KARTU BERGAMBAR TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN ANAK KELAS 3 TENTANG PHBS DI SDN 1 DAN 2 JATIHARJO KECAMATAN PULOKULON
Authors: Camilia Miski , Susanti Meity Mulya , Kusumaningrum Yesita Ragil , Puspitasari Jayanti Dwi , Musyafak Musyafak
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang; Perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) yaitu usaha menciptakan atau memberi kondisi untuk individu, keluarga, masyarakat, dan kelompok melalui pembukaan jalur komunikasi, edukasi guna meningkatkan perilaku, pengetahuan dan sikap sehingga masyarakat dapat mengetahui permasalahan dan akan sadar dan mampu mengaplikasikan PHBS melalui pendekatan tertentu. Kartu bergambar termasuk media efektif pengembang aspek kognitif siswa dalam menghafal serta mengingat gambar ataupun beberapa kata. Laporan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Grobogan pada Januari 2024 bahwa PHBS Sekolah terendah di Kabupaten Grobogan yaitu di wilayah Pulokulon dengan presentase 51% dari 100% presentase tertinggi, dan untuk wilayah pulokulon ada 2 yaitu pulokulon I presentase 51,61% dan pulokulon II 51,25%.Metodologi; Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pre-experimental desain one-group pretest-posttest. Populasi penelitian ini yakni semua anak kelas 3 di SD N 1 Jatiharjo ada 22 anak, serta SD N 2 Jatiharjo ada 26 anak. Jumlah semua anak kelas 3 sebanyak 48 anak.  Jumlah sempel penelitian ini yakni total sampling berjumlah 48 responden. Teknik sampling penelitian ini yakni probability sampling dengan pengambilan populasi secara acak. Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon.Hasil; Berdasarkan hasil uji wilcoxon dengan membandingkan nilai pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan didapatkan nilai p (0,000) < 0,05, maka Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak dengan kesimpulan Ada Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Dengan Kartu Bergambar Terhadap Pengetahuan Anak Kelas 3 Tentang Pengetahuan PHBS di SDN 1 dan 2 Jatiharjo.Kesimpulan; Ada Pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan kartu bergambar terhadap pengetahuan anak kelas 3 tentang PHBS di SDN 1 dan 2 JATIHARJO Kecamatan Pulokulon
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: Завгородній Дмитро
Published: December 2024

Воєнний стан, уведений в Україні через повномасштабну агресію російської федерації, створив «серйозні» виклики для системи освіти. Освітні заклади змушені були швидко адаптувати навчально-виховний процес до нових реалій, ураховуючи питання безпеки, необхідності психологічної підтримки здобувачів освіти, педагогічних / науково-педагогічних працівників. Незважаючи на труднощі, в Україні освітні установи продемонстрували здатність до «оперативної адаптації», що дозволило забезпечити безперервність навчання в умовах евакуації / переміщення великої кількості учасників освітнього процесу (Міністерство освіти і науки України, 2022).