bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morbilidad y mortalidad por oclusión intestinal mecánica secundaria a cáncer colorrectal
Authors: Linares-Tovar Flavia , Marchena-Rodríguez Alexander
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar la morbilidad y mortalidad de pacientes operados por oclusión intestinal mecánica secundaria a cáncer colorrectal en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital General Universitario “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima” de Cienfuegos, 2020 - 2021. Se empleó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo de serie de casos. Se revisaron historias clínicas personales para obtención de datos, acorde al formulario de recolección, y se confeccionó una base de datos para su análisis estadístico. Predominaron los pacientes mayores de 60 años y del sexo masculino. La clasificación de ASA en el grupo II. El diagnóstico se realizó en etapa IV de la enfermedad, con mayor incidencia en el colon izquierdo y la transversostomía como proceder quirúrgico. Predominó el egreso vivo de los pacientes. La oclusión intestinal por cáncer colorrectal ocupa el segundo lugar en Cienfuegos, con mayor incidencia en ancianos del sexo masculino. La localización topográfica en el colon izquierdo es la más frecuente y el proceder realizado es la tranversostomía. Las alteraciones hidroelectrolíticas y del medio interno son las principales complicaciones, debido al estado depauperado en que se someten a una cirugía de urgencia.

Palabras clave:

Oclusión intestinal, cáncer colorrectal, morbilidad y mortalidad.

 

ABSTRACT

The objective of the article is to characterize the morbidity and mortality of patients operated on for mechanical intestinal occlusion secondary to colorectal cancer in the general surgery service of the Hospital General Universitario “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima” de Cienfuegos, 2020 - 2021. An observational, descriptive and prospective case series study was used. Personal medical records were reviewed to obtain data, according to the collection form, and a database was created for statistical analysis. Patients older than 60 years and males predominated. The ASA classification in group II. The diagnosis was made in stage IV of the disease, with a higher incidence in the left colon and transversostomy as the surgical procedure. Live discharge of patients prevailed. Intestinal occlusion due to colorectal cancer ranks second in Cienfuegos, with a higher incidence in elderly males. The topographic location in the left colon is the most frequent and the procedure performed is transversostomy. Hydroelectrolytic and internal environment alterations are the main complications, due to the impoverished state in which they undergo emergency surgery.

Keywords:

Intestinal obstruction, colorectal cancer, morbidity and mortality.
Importancia de los medios audiovisuales para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje
Authors: Guamán-Gómez Verónica Jacqueline , Chapa-Argudo Carolina Elizabeth , Marín-Reyes Isaac Piero
Published: December 2022

Este ensayo tiene el objetivo de analizar la importancia de los medios audiovisuales para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje; es el resultado de un estudio descriptivo sustentado en la revisión bibliográfica. Se emplearon los métodos de análisis de contenido y hermenéutico. Entre los principales hallazgos se significan los siguientes: los recursos audiovisuales son medios de comunicación social por excelencia, que trata directamente con la imagen, fotografía y el audio que permiten comunicar mensajes específicos; son recursos tecnológicos que pueden ser utilizados con fines educacionales; en el ámbito educativo propician nuevas estrategias pedagógicas, didácticas y metodológicas, benefician la interrelación entre los estudiantes, e inducen el razonamiento acerca del material de estudio; cumplen con las funciones: motivacional, lúdica, expresiva, significativa y evaluadora; facilitan la enseñanza y fortalece el aprendizaje, gracias a la capacidad de recrear contenido en diversos formatos haciendo el proceso educativo más entretenido y eficiente, contribuyen así a perfeccionar la labor de los docentes y a facilitar el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Estos medios no optimizan la educación por sí mismo, es esencial la función del docente para planear, organizar, implementar, controlar y evaluar los protocolos educativos, referente a las herramientas audiovisuales.

Palabras clave:

Medios audiovisuales, funciones, proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

 

ABSTRACT

This essay aims to analyze the importance of audiovisual media for the teaching-learning process; it is the result of a descriptive study supported by the bibliographic review. The methods of content analysis and hermeneutics were used. The main findings include the following: audiovisual resources are the means of social communication par excellence, dealing directly with images, photography and audio that allow specific messages to be communicated; they are technological resources that can be used for educational purposes; in the educational field, they promote new pedagogical, didactic and methodological strategies, benefit the interrelation between students, and induce reasoning about the study material; they fulfill the following functions: motivational, playful, expressive, significant and evaluative; they facilitate teaching and strengthen learning, thanks to the ability to recreate content in various formats, making the educational process more entertaining and efficient, thus helping to improve the work of teachers and facilitate student learning. These media do not optimize education by themselves, the role of the teacher is essential to plan, organize, implement, control and evaluate educational protocols, regarding audiovisual tools.

Keywords:

Audiovisual media, functions, teaching-learning process.
El trabajo comunitario integrado como herramienta en la transformación de las comunidades
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Rosilema , Rojas-Alcina Mercedes del Carmen
Published: December 2022

En el trabajo se exponen los resultados de la sistematización de la experiencia práctica de trabajo comunitario integrado, con las comunidades complejas en la cirscunscripción 72 en el municipio Holguín. El desarrollo de acciones del grupo de trabajo integral comunitario condujo al mejoramiento de las condiciones económicas, medio-ambientales y socio-culturales de la comunidad, donde fueron atendidos e involucrados individuos socialmente vulnerables, que fueron transformadas como resultado de esas acciones comunitarias. El proyecto “Alas de Colibrí”, representó una oportunidad para el cambio, una perspectiva renovadora que les permitió insertarse a la vida social, al trabajo y a la comunidad. Se muestra como el trabajo del grupo de trabajo comunitario integrado, cuando es coherente y verdaderamente integral de todos los factores promotores del cambio, se obtienen resultados positivos en la solución a los problemas y las insuficiencias detectadas. Se pone énfasis en la atención diferenciada a las mujeres, niños, familias e individuos en situación de vulnerabilidad, y especialmente a aquellas que necesitan de acciones de reeducación y reinserción social. Se emplearon métodos de la investigación acción participativa, ponderando la participación social como categoría de partida.

Palabras clave:

Trabajo Comunitario Integrado, vínculo comunidad-desarrollo, actores comunitarios.

 

ABSTRACTIn the work, the results of the systematization of the practical experience of integrated community work are exposed, with the complex communities in the district 72 in the Holguín municipality. The development of actions of the comprehensive community work group led to the improvement of the economic, environmental and socio-cultural conditions of the community, where socially vulnerable individuals were cared for and involved, who were transformed as a result of these community actions. The "Wings of Hummingbird" project represented an opportunity for change, a refreshing perspective that allowed them to insert themselves into social life, work and the community. It is shown how the work of the integrated community work group, when it is coherent and truly comprehensive of all the factors that promote change, positive results are obtained in solving the problems and insufficiencies detected. Emphasis is placed on differentiated care for women, children, families and individuals in vulnerable situations, and especially those who need reeducation and social reinsertion actions. Participatory action research methods were used, considering social participation as the starting category.

Keywords:

Integrated Community Work, community-development link, community actors.
Aprendizajes que nos deja la Covid-19. Una mirada sociológica
Authors: Hernández-Freeman Leopoldo
Published: December 2022

Muchos son los análisis que se han realizado sobre la pandemia COVID-19 desde diferentes ciencias. En sentido general, estos se han centrado, fundamentalmente, en las causas que la generaron, sus características y su impacto. También se han emitido diversos criterios sobre los aprendizajes que nos deja como sociedad la crisis total que ha generado. La mirada sociológica que se propone, más que brindar un análisis teórico, pretende sintetizar aquellas aristas que tienen que ver con su impacto social, y, en especial, identificar aprendizajes que sirvan para perfeccionar el funcionamiento, la organización y la responsabilidad social de las instituciones del Estado. Son, sencillamente, algunas referencias que, investigadores, decisores, líderes y población en general pudieran tomar como punto de partida para el diseño de políticas sociales, y estrategias de cambio y desarrollo social.

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, crisis social, aprendizajes, perspectiva sociológica, cambio social.

 

ABSTRACT

The analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic has been approached from different sciences, mainly focused on its causes, features and impact. The knowledge and learning that the crisis contributed as a society has also generated different criteria. The proposed sociological approach, rather than providing a theoretical analysis, focuses on social impact and mainly, identify knowledge that improves the functioning, organization and social responsibility of the State institutions involved. Researchers, decision makers, leaders and the general population could consider our reference as a benchmark to design social policies and strategies for change and social development.

Keywords:

COVID-19, social crisis, learning, sociological perspective, social change.
La gestión de la innovación territorial en el entorno socioeconómico cubano
Authors: Velázquez-Rodríguez Kerslin
Published: December 2022

La ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación representan pilares fundamentales para el desarrollo económico y social y es por ello que se incentiva la concepción e implementación de formas organizativas, de financiación y gestión de la actividad científica de manera que se introduzcan de forma sistemática los resultados en los procesos productivos y de servicios, sustentados por el marco institucional y regulatorio establecido y que, en definitiva, se genere la satisfacción de las actuales demandas de la sociedad cubana. El artículo analiza la importancia de la articulación de las universidades con los contextos territoriales en las que éstas se desenvuelven favorece la relación de las capacidades cognitivas, científicas y tecnológicas con la sociedad. Asimismo, se aborda, cómo las universidades pueden contribuir a fomentar el bienestar humano en los territorios, toda vez que se logre ampliar la producción local del conocimiento y la innovación, sobre todo mediante recursos propios. En esos contextos, cuando las personas se apropien de determinados conocimientos y tecnologías, su rol cambia, de ser pacientes se convierten en agentes. Esta realidad conduce a plantearse un modo de actuación basado en la innovación, el cual se apoye además en procesos formativos, investigativos y extensionistas de la universidad en estrecho vínculo con las necesidades de los territorios.

Palabras clave:

Gestión de la innovación, innovación territorial, universidad.

 

ABSTRACT

Science, technology and innovation represent fundamental pillars for economic and social development and that is why the conception and implementation of organizational forms, financing and management of scientific activity is encouraged so that the results are systematically introduced. in the productive and service processes, supported by the established institutional and regulatory framework and that, ultimately, the satisfaction of the current demands of Cuban society is generated. The article analyzes the importance of the articulation of universities with the territorial contexts in which they operate, favoring the relationship of cognitive, scientific and technological capacities with society. Likewise, it addresses how universities can contribute to promoting human well-being in the territories, whenever it is possible to expand the local production of knowledge and innovation, especially through their own resources. In these contexts, when people appropriate certain knowledge and technologies, their role changes, from being patients they become agents. This reality leads to consider a mode of action based on innovation, which is also supported by training, research and extension processes of the university in close connection with the needs of the territories.

Keywords:

Innovation management, territorial innovation, university.
German war reparations in wider context
Authors: Kapor Predrag
Published: December 2022

Recently, the issue of war reparations from Germany, which was raised first by Greece (2011), then by Poland (2022), as well as compensation by Germany to the victims of its genocidal colonial rule in Africa (Namibia), has become topical. At the same time, possible requests for war damage compensation from Serbia/ FR Yugoslavia due to the events in the Yugoslav territories in the nineties of the last century, as well as our request for compensation for our damage from NATO aggression in 1999, are also mentioned. From this aspect, it is good to familiarize with the practice of the area of war reparations, which is the richest when it comes to war reparations from Germany after two world wars. After both wars, Germany settled its reparations obligations only to a lesser extent, taking advantage of the favorable attitude of the main victorious western powers (USA, Great Britain and France) who wanted to recover and stabilize it as soon as possible in order to be their ally against the "Bolshevik danger". and the USSR, which even provided it with significant financial support. Because of this, the interests of small countries were sacrificed, and Serbia (Yugoslavia) was among them. After reunification in 1990, Germany managed to take advantage of the favorable political climate and avoid concluding a peace treaty that would definitively regulate the issue of reparations after the Second World War. At the same time, the post-war bilateral Yugoslav-German negotiations, for insufficiently clear reasons, were very poorly conducted on the Yugoslav side, so that Germany "closed" this issue, at least formally, by approving loans (capital aid) to the Yugoslav state, but not by giving compensation to individuals and legal entities, except for a symbolic amount in certain cases. The issue of German war reparations was seen in our country mostly one-sidedly, without considering the wider context, so this paper points out some additional aspects, which should contribute to the creation of a more comprehensive presentation.
Operations of influence on social networks as a hybrid threat
Authors: Obradović Darko
Published: December 2022

Social networks as a phenomenon create their impact on real life every day. Certain social phenomena and processes started on social networks have their consequences on life outside cyberspace. Many social movements had their beginnings precisely on social networks, many initiatives and political demands were first initiated on social networks. This is evidenced by online petitions, calls for protests and demonstrations, pointing to existing and "existing" social contradictions. What we discuss in this paper is how certain discourses and opinions are spontaneous on social networks, and how much they are the result of coordinated actions that have clearly defined short-term and long-term goals. Are individuals, interest groups and state institutions behind such activities? What is particularly important for our analysis is what the activities with states behind them look like. What methods can be used in time to detect such a source of danger as an occurrence and a process. What techniques are available to us that can unequivocally establish that a certain state is behind a certain activity. In this context, the so-called "attribution", i.e. making accusations that carry political responsibility, is of special importance. Due to all of the above, it is very profitable to perform such operations at the present time. The literature recognizes such actions as "influence operations". However, in order to understand this security phenomenon, it is important to use competent tools that allow us to understand the very training ground where the action takes place - social networks, but also to understand the wider context that makes a certain action more or less successful. In this paper, we are going to look at the new reality of human society and why influence operations are more successful, dynamic and economical today than they were 50 years ago. The paper tries to analyze hybrid threats, i.e. influence operations, in a "narrow" domain of social networks. The possibilities of performing influence operations are very challenging. However, not every disinformation or social media campaign is an influence operation. We are going to focus on influence operations as informational and psychological operations that pose a security threat to modern states.
Lab-grown meat: A modern challenge in food production from the Jewish aspect
Authors: Dadon Kotel
Published: December 2022

The modern food industry is increasingly using the tools of genetic engineering in the production and sale of food products. One of the most important recent technological innovations is lab-grown meat (or "synthetic" meat). The lab-grown meat industry is based on the genetic duplication of animal cells under laboratory conditions in order to attempt to produce a product with the nutritional and culinary value of animal meat. Some predict that this industry will play an important role in the human diet of the future. The beginning of this process is based on cells taken from live animals. In recent years, new methods of laboratory meat production based on non-meat cells have begun to develop. For example, in one of them, the cells are taken from a pre-embryo found in a fertilized egg (blastula). Otherwise, the cells are taken from a pre-embryo taken from a cow (blastocyst). This topic raises various questions and many challenges in the fields of health, ecology, ethics and, of course, religion. How should we treat such meat? Is meat produced in a laboratory kosher? Is it Halal? Is the product meaty or synthetic? Do the initial stem cells determine the definition of the final product, and, further on, what is the status of such a product when it is produced from pig stem cells? On the ethical level, a general question is posed on the subject of genetic engineering. Is it permissible to intervene so blatantly in the nature that God created? This article will focus on the various challenges that this industry raises from the Jewish ethical and kashrut aspects, and address some questions.
Halal production of omega 3 enriched eggs on the farm Pećigrad, B&H
Authors: Semić Amela , Hodžić Arman , Hodžić Aida
Published: December 2022

The aim of this research is to develop a functional food and halal Omega 3 eggs by dietary manipulation of laying hens as well as to investigate the influence of nutrient composition on egg yolk content of PUFAs. The research was conducted on the farm Pećigrad, Velika Kladuša, which has 21,162 laying hens, with an egg production rate of 70%. Laying hens were fed with halal and NON GMO feed mixtures from three suppliers. Omega 3 eggs contained 318 mg of Omega 3 PUFAs, which is 6 times more than the standard eggs. The n-6:n-3 PUFAs ratio was 18.4:1.9=9.9 in egg yolks of laying hens fed with standard feed mixture, while in egg yolks produced by laying hens fed with feed mixture enriched with flaxseed this ratio was 17.8:5.3=3.4. Consumption of eggs with the latter n-6:n-3 ratio can prevent cardiovascular diseases and provides the intake of RDA of Omega 3 FAs. Traceability and established HrCCP in the chain of suppliers, in processes of primary and industrial production, application of good practices, sustainable development resulted in halal products with additional functional properties.
The use of artificial intelligence in tractor field operations: A review
Authors: Ikrang Elijah , Unwana Iniobong , Precious Okhionkpamwunyi
Published: December 2022

According to UN Food and Agriculture Organization [1], the population of the world will increase by 2 billion by 2050. However, only 4% additional land will come under cultivation by then. It could be inferred that, with the global population expected to reach 9.1 billion in 2050, 70 percent more food needs to be produced, otherwise about 370 million people would be in hunger in 2050. In this light, the use of latest technological solutions to make farming more efficient remains one of the greatest imperatives. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) sees a lot of direct application across sectors, it can also bring a paradigm shift in how we see farming today. AI-powered solutions will not only enable farmers to do more with less, it will also improve quality and ensure faster go-to-market for crops. This paper presents a review of the applications of AI in tractor field operations. The paper discusses elaborately, the use of robotics as a form of artificial intelligence which is very useful in tractor field operations such as tillage, weeding, seeding, herbicide spraying, and harvesting. A typical focus is laid on the strength and limitations of the applications and the way in utilizing expert systems for higher productivity.
Comparative analysis of hybrid underground pit storage structure for yam and sweet potato tubers
Authors: Stephen Babalola , Moses Omokhagbor , Tosin Paul , Antigha Edet
Published: December 2022

Storage of crop as post-harvest operation is very important, in order to reduce wastage during the season of the crop, maintain the quality of the crop, to meet up with demand in times of scarcity and reduce price cost. This can be achieved with the design and construction of a good storage structure. In order to improve one of the storage structures used for yam and sweet potato tuber crops, underground pit storage structure was modified by hybridizing the bottom and side wall lining using closed-cell foam and sawdust material at ratio 50:50 in terms of thickness. Twenty tubers of yam and sweet potato were stored in the hybrid underground pit structure. The lowest and highest temperatures of the underground pit were 20 and 23oC, while the lowest and highest temperatures of the ambient environment were 27.9 and 29.8oC. The lowest relative humidity in the hybrid underground pit and ambient environment were 70.6% and 57.3%, while the highest were 86 and 79.6% respectively. It was discovered that at the end of eight week of storage, the weight loss in the tubers of yam and sweet potato was 10.5 and 22.5%, while the sprouting rates were 15 and 20%, percentages of rottenness were 10.5 and 15% respectively. It can be concluded that the hybrid underground pit storage structure improved the storage period of yam and sweet potato but can prolong the storage and life span of yam tuber than sweet potato.
The main features of placental abruption: Clinical presentation and treatment
Authors: Babić Sandra , Jovandarić Miljana
Published: December 2022

Placental abruption is defined as the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus. Rapid diagnosis and adequate medical intervention provide a good outcome, which is not possible in all countries. Any bleeding that occurs in the second half of pregnancy raises the suspicion of placental abruption, which is associated with fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The clinical picture and consequences for the fetus depend on the degree of bleeding and the amount of blood. Complete abruption leads to the disruption of fetal circulation and oxygenation, asphyxia, and stillbirth. In case of partial abruption, the consequences for the fetus depend on the degree of bleeding. In complete abruption, fetal death is inevitable unless an emergency cesarean delivery is undertaken.
The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in treating progressive infection of the foot in a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patient: Case report
Authors: Danilović Dragana , Milošević Jelena , Brkić Predrag
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a therapeutic and diagnostic method wherein the patient breathes 100% oxygen gas at a pressure of more than one atmosphere absolute (ATA) in a hyperbaric chamber. Diabetes mellitus is a heterogenous group of metabolic disorders which manifest as elevated blood glucose levels resulting from either insufficient insulin secretion or an abnormality in insulin action. Diabetic foot is the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Case report: We present the case of a fifty-three-year-old patient referred to our hospital for the purpose of receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy due to wet gangrene and phlegmon of the right foot. The patient was newly diagnosed with diabetes. He was hospitalized at a tertiary healthcare institution where his wound was surgically treated. Appropriate antibiotic, antiaggregation, and insulin therapy was introduced for the purpose of achieving the best possible degree of glucoregulation. An X-ray of the right foot was performed verifying the presence of soft tissue gas. Due to the local finding on the foot, the progression and the propagation of the infection proximally, with the presence of gas, hyperbaric oxygen therapy was introduced immediately, according to the emergency protocol, for the purpose of saving the limb. After 30 hyperbaric oxygen therapy sessions, the local finding was significantly improved, and the limb was no longer in danger. Conclusion: Any abnormality in the continuity of the skin, immunity, and vascularization may be considered a risk factor for the development of phlegmon in patients with diabetes. Diabetic foot is the consequence of neuroischemic changes, which occasionally become complicated with further infection. According to the Tenth European Consensus Conference on Hyperbaric Medicine recommendations, indications for the application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy are classified according to the strength of evidence, and there is a high level of consensus for the above-described pathology. With this case presentation we wanted to demonstrate that it is possible to resolve severe infections in diabetic foot through the application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, with the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach.
GRAPHICAL TOOLS TO THE RESCUE. HIGH RESOLUTION AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FOR THE LOCATION OF MISSING PERSONS
Authors: GARCIA HERNANDEZ CESAR , CALVETE AGUILAR JOSE LUIS , UBIETO ARTUR PEDRO
Published: December 2022

Since the COVID-19 pandemic changed the rules of the game in many work envi-ronments, adaptation has been a key factor. Restrictions such as social distance or confinement made searches for missing persons more difficult. Although mo-bility limitations led to a decrease in the number of disappearances, they did not stop completely and search teams had to adapt to the new scenario that prevent-ed, for example, the participation of volunteers. For these reasons, it was decided to implement a tool that has been in development for years, based on the Collab-oration Agreement signed in 2015 between the Servicio de Prevención y Extinción de Incendios de la Diputación Provincial de Zaragoza (SPEI-DPZ) and the Uni-versity of Zaragoza. The tool is called Virtual Cloud Search and Rescue (VC-SAR) and is still under development by the authors of this communication. The following is a basic description of the tool and how it was applied in a real case, in which a missing person was being searched. The device used made it possible to obtain about 5000 images of 44.7 megapixels, covering an area of over 2000 hectares. Thanks to the searches carried out, more than 100 pieces of evidence were found over the course of four days, which could be collected for on-site in-vestigation by the Navarra Fire Service. All this was possible thanks to the collab-oration of 5 different fire departments, belonging to three provinces, making pos-sible the participation of a total of 52 searchers from different locations.
Keywords: Graphical tools; Aerial images; Search and rescue; Drones.
MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASSISTANCE TOOLS FOR PRODUCT DESIGN IN THE METAL-MECHANICS INDUSTRY. APPLICATION TO THE DESIGN OF EXTRUSION DIES.
Authors: Llorca Schenk Juan Marcos , SENTANA GADEA IRENE
Published: December 2022

There are still some product design and development processes in the metal-mechanics industry that continue to be based principally on similar experiences and on the designer's own experience. These designs are, in later phases, generally checked and analysed by means of FEM (Finite Element Method) simulations or other methods in order to verify whether they are optimal. The creation of tools with which to assist design in the initial phase is, therefore, a major step forward as regards facilitating the attainment of good results in the shortest possible time and with the least possible number of design-simulation-redesign iterations. The objective of this paper is to provide a detailed description of a methodology based on mathematical formulation for the creation of tools to assist in the design of moulds or dies in the metal-mechanical sector. The strategy is based on the value analysis of a multitude of variables from a large number of proven optimal designs. The result is an assistancea tool that, by means of a mathematical formulation, attempts to concentrate the experience and know-how accumulated in many previous designs. This tool can be quickly and easily applied in order to check and attempt to adjust a new first design to the criteria of the accumulated experience. An example of the application of the methodology by means of an assistance tool with which to design aluminium extrusion porthole dies is, therefore, shown. Several lines of research, however, remain open as regards other applications of the methodology and its improvement through the introduction of artificial intelligence.
Keywords: design methodology; tool development; mathematical formulation; die design; porthole die; FEM
AUGMENTED REALITY APPLIED TO THE RESTORATION OF HISTORICAL HERITAGE
Authors: ORTIZ ZAMORA FRANCISCO JOSE , LADRON DE GUEVARA MUÑOZ CARMEN , MIRAVET GARRET LAIA , PEREZ GARCIA JORGE , MARTIN DOMINGUEZ RAFAEL , SALGADO FERNANDEZ JAVIER , LORA NUÑEZ ANGEL
Published: December 2022

Spain occupies a prominent position among the countries with the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The possibilities offered by the application of AR-VR technologies for some of these elements’ virtual reconstruction brings a great opportunity to give visibility and support the transmission of cultural heritage, especially in those cases where physical restoration is not possible. It is increasingly common to find virtual reconstructions of monuments, since these do not damage either put at risk the element being represented. In this work, the process of modelling and reconstructing the Castillo de la Estrella, located in the town of Teba (Malaga), as well as the subsequent development of an Augmented Reality application is presented. This allows the Castillo de la Estrella reconstruction to be displayed virtually on mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets, and might potentially be implemented in the museum that houses the castle itself, providing a tool that improves the visitor experience and completes the range of cultural activities carried out in the monument.
Keywords: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Historical Heritage, 3D Modelling
AN IMPROVED STRATEGY OF WHEAT KERNEL RECOGNITION BASED ON DEEP LEARNING
Authors: HAN KE , Zhang Ning , Xie Haoyang , Wang Qianlong , Ding Wenhao
Published: December 2022

The detection of unsound wheat kernels in traditional wheat purchasing is affected by human factors, resulting in wrong wheat grading. At present, computer-based recognition of wheat kernels has generally low accuracy, and few types of wheat kernels can be recognized. To quickly, accurately, and objectively recognize wheat kernels, this study proposed an improved strategy of wheat kernel recognition method based on deep learning. First, a large number of collected wheat images were labeled, and the wheat kernels were divided into five categories: perfect kernels, broken kernels, impurities, sprouted kernels, and moldy kernels. Second, the improved strategies of VggNet-16, ResNet-34, EfficientNet-b2, DenseNet121, and Vit models were proposed. Based on the two-stage target detection method, the improved network model was used to detect wheat kernels. Moreover, the accuracy of the model was verified by performing comparative tests. Results show that the improved network structure is obviously improved, and the highest accuracy rate of wheat kernel identification is 96%. The precision, recall rate, and F1-score of VggNet-16-W, ResNet-34-W, EfficientNet-b2-W, and DenseNet121-W models are above 97%. This study provides a good reference for rapid and accurate detection of wheat quality.

Keywords: deep learning; image recognition; improved strategies; network model; wheat kernels
Hacia un modelo explicativo de la interactividad en el aula de ELE en Chile: una perspectiva desde la didáctica de Literatura e Historia
Authors: Soliman Maha
Published: December 2022

Resumen: La comprensión se materializa en un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que se sostiene en la interactividad de tres dimensiones: texto, lector y contexto. No obstante, hay una falta de evidencias empíricas que explican cómo interactúan las tres en el contexto educativo y cómo deberían interactuar para facilitar el aprendizaje del estudiante a partir de textos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la interactividad en el aula de ELE en cursos de Literatura e Historia. La investigación adopta una metodología cualitativa de estudio de caso que a partir de un análisis de contenido reveló la necesidad de implementar las actividades de lectura en función de los intereses de los estudiantes y las razones por las que aprenden el español. Los resultados presentados permiten reflexionar sobre el diseño de las tareas de lectura y el material didáctico utilizado en los cursos de español e implementar alternativas curriculares prácticas.
DEEP LEARNING ALGORITHM FOR CERVICAL CANCER DETECTION BASED ON IMAGES OF OPTOMAGNETIC SPECTRA
Authors: Jeftić Branislava , Hut Igor , Stanković Ivana , Šakota Rosić Jovana , Matija Lidija , Koruga Đuro
Published: December 2022

In order to further investigate performance of Optomagnetic Imaging Spectroscopy in cervical cancer detection, deep learning algorithm has been used for classification of optomagnetic spectra of the samples. Optomagnetic spectra reflect cell properties and based on those properties it is possible to differentiate normal cells from cells showing different levels of dysplasia and cancer cells. In one of the previous research, Optomagnetic imaging spectroscopy has demonstrated high percentages of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in cervical cancer detection, particularly in the case of binary classification. Somewhat lower accuracy percentages were obtained in the case of four class classification. Compared to the results obtained by conventional machine learning classification algorithms, proposed deep learning algorithm achieves similar accuracy results (80%), greater sensitivity (83.3%), and comparable specificity percentages (78%).
Problems of Legal Regulation of Rural Tourism in the Context of Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Tropina Dar'ya Vladimirovna , Sergeev Dmitrii Gennad'evich
Published: December 2022

Rural tourism today is one of the new and actively developing types of tourism in Russia. Due to political and epidemiological factors, the approach to choosing a place of rest has changed and many modern tourists prefer to travel around Russia, getting acquainted with the geographical, agro-industrial, gastronomic, ethno-cultural characteristics of rural areas. The article analyzes the state of legal regulation of rural tourism at the present stage. Program documents, federal laws, by-laws containing norms regulating the provision of services in rural tourism are considered. The main provisions of the program for providing state support in the field of rural tourism – the "Agrotourism" grant - are revealed and the problems associated with the inability of some agricultural producers to become grant applicants due to non-compliance with the rules for registration of individual entrepreneurs engaged in agriculture are raised.   Also, the article analyzes the requirements for accommodation facilities in agriculture and tourism adopted in November 2022, points out the shortcomings of the federal executive authority when adopting an order approving such requirements related to ignoring the specifics of providing services in rural areas, the performers of which are non-professional participants in the tourism industry. In conclusion, it describes the currently most effective way to promote services in rural tourism using online aggregators. The conclusion is made about the importance of support by state authorities and local self-government of agricultural producers wishing to develop rural tourism in parallel with the implementation of agricultural activities.
Improving the Efficiency of State Support for Agricultural Producers: Legal Issues
Authors: Lebedeva Tat'yana Sergeevna
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the measures of state support for agricultural producers, among which a special place is occupied by subsidies provided in various areas. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, the difficulties of a legal nature that farmers, agricultural organizations, agricultural consumer cooperatives face when receiving such support are revealed. Firstly, regional legislation provides for the return of a subsidy not only because of its misuse, but also in case of violation of related obligations that have an indirect impact on the creation and functioning of agricultural producers (violation of the terms of spending, provision of false information when receiving a grant, etc.). It is proposed in the regional regulatory legal acts for non-compliance with the obligations associated with the intended use that arise in connection with the receipt of a subsidy by an agricultural producer, to replace such a measure of responsibility as the return of grant funds for penalties. Secondly, in the event of an unlawful refusal of the regional Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation to issue a subsidy. It is proposed to recognize such a subsidy as a loss in the form of lost profits in order to recover it in a civil law order and to make appropriate changes to Art. 78 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation. The solution of the identified problems will contribute to the development of sectors and sub-sectors of agriculture, will positively affect the food security of the Russian Federation.
En medio de los medios, o la situación de calle como retórica de la marginación
Authors: Piña Cabrera Leonardo
Published: December 2022

Pensado como un fenómeno impensable por quienes lo vivencian, la situación de calle, en el tratamiento mediático que de ella se hace, aparece como una realidad hecha de incompletitud y ajenidades. En lo uno la imagen del menoscabo que ahí solo puede haber (sin techo visto como falta pero no únicamente de vivienda), y en lo otro su consideración como efecto de fuerzas que están más allá de sí (sin techo como resultado de dinámicas estructurales), la población en cuestión, a pesar de por fin emerger como objeto de atención pública, no lo ha sido exactamente en condición de sujetos. Ya no personas sino personas en situación de calle, su articulación retórica como problema se plantea como un tema simplificado y cruzado por lecturas que lo señalan desde sinónimo de muerte, carencia, desprotección o violencia, a fuente de conflicto y producto de desplazamientos y emplazamientos no queridos, incluso como objeto de intervención y caridad, o como historias de superación y entretenimiento. Ahí sus énfasis, es propósito de este artículo presentar discutida y panorámicamente el modo cómo el tema ha sido abordado en los medios, luego la manera en que ello se transforma en otra de las fuerzas que actúan en su construcción. Hacerlo a partir de los cristalizados discursos de la prensa escrita nacional e internacional durante un período aproximado a los quince años (1997 a 2012), la forma y tiempo en que se realizó. Las conclusiones, que remarcan que no se trata de un fenómeno de exclusión puramente residencial, señalan la no neutralidad de los marcos de representación, amén de su ceguera en torno al propio efecto estacional, invisibilizador y reproductor de tal tratamiento.
Dermatosis Neglecta Involving Different Age Groups- A Series of Four Cases
Authors: Yogesh Devaraj , Mittamidi Nikitha Reddy , Krshn Zigu S , Kalra Taranpreet Kaur , Yogananda Priyanka
Published: December 2022

Dermatosis neglecta is a benign cutaneous condition which is often misdiagnosed. It occurs due to poor local hygiene or inadequate washing of a part of the body resulting in progressive accumulation of sebum, sweat, keratin and other debris which form an adherent crust of dirt. It mainly occurs in individuals who are unable to take care of themselves, like those with physical disability or psychosis. It is usually asymptomatic and is characterised by localised hyperpigmented patch or verrucous papules and plaques. Rubbing the affected area with alcohol-soaked gauze results in complete clearance of the lesion which is both diagnostic and therapeutic. The present case series describes four patients of different age groups. The first patient was a 65-years-old female, who underwent amputation of the gangrenous toes of right foot. She did not wash that leg for several weeks following surgery and developed cornflakes-like scaly lesions. Later lesions were diagnosed as dermatosis neglecta. Second case was a 18-years-old male, who presented with lesions on neck, which was misdiagnosed initially as Pityriasis vesicolor. The third patient was a 20-yearsold female, who presented with lesions on neck and was earlier diagnosed and treated as acanthosis nigricans. The fourth patient was a two-year-old female who developed lesions on neck due to accumulation of dirt and debris. In all these patients, lesions resolved on rubbing with alcohol-soaked swab. Very little data is available in medical literature about this condition. Therefore this case series is being reported to bring awareness among dermatologists. This would enable prompt clinical recognition and obviate the need for expensive investigations and treatment strategies.
Wilson’s Disease with Late Hepatic Involvement
Authors: Mundra Mahavir Raghunath , Ankhede Manju Chand , Jain Pradip , Anjankar Ashish
Published: December 2022

Wilson’s Disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive condition that affects copper metabolism and manifests itself clinically in different ways. The diagnosis is indicated by low serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations, increased urine copper excretion and/ or increased hepatic copper concentrations. The present case report is about a 55-year-old male with chief complaints of loss of appetite, abdominal swelling, tremors in hand and head, slurring of speech for 10 days. Ultrasound (USG) findings were suggestive of liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and liver function tests were also deranged. He was prescribed diuretics and asked to review after 10 days. Kayser-Fleischer ring was observed through slit lamp examination in both the eyes, which is a hallmark of WD. The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of brain also revealed positive findings-hyperintensity throughout the mesencephalon for WD. Thereafter, the patient was treated with penicillamine and his symptoms improved after few days
Sarcomatoid (Spindle Cell) Carcinoma Arising in Mature Cystic Teratoma as a Mural Nodule: A Case Report
Authors: Sukumaran Renu , Sambasivan Suchetha
Published: December 2022

Mature cystic teratomas are the most common ovarian germ cell tumours.Malignant transformation is rare in mature cystic teratoma. Spindle cell/sarcomatoid carcinoma is an uncommon type of squamous cell carcinoma. A 45-year- old female presented with abdominal distention and discomfort. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed multiloculated cystic mass measuring 21×20×14 cm with heterogeneously enhancing solid component measuring 5x3.5 cm in right adnexal region. Excision of the mass done. Macroscopic examination showed irregular cystic mass containing pultaceous material and hair, and a mural nodule measuring 5x5 cm. On histopathological examination, the cyst wall showed mature teratomatous elements. Sections from mural nodule showed sheets of atypical spindle cells with increased mitosis and foci of necrosis. On immunohistochemical examination, the spindle cells showed patchy weak to moderate positivity for cytokeratin, 34 beta E12, CK5/6 and P40. Diagnosis of spindle cell/sarcomatoid carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma was given. Malignant transformation in mature cystic teratoma is rare and should be suspected in large sized tumours in older patients. Sarcomatoid carcinoma is an extremely rare form of secondary malignant neoplasm arising from mature cystic teratoma.
Anaesthetic Management of Intracranial Abscess in a Patient with Surgically Uncorrected Double Outlet Right Ventricle with Transposition of Great Arteries
Authors: Chidipothu Kiranmai , Nisal Roshan , Chakole Vivek , Verma Neeta Chaudary
Published: December 2022

Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV) with Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA) is a rare variant. The ventriculoarterial discordance due to this anatomical defect leads to parallel circulation. The postnatal survival depends on mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood at various levels by defects like Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Anaesthetising children with cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (cCHD) and brain abscess necessitates use of anaesthesia protocol appropriate to both cCHD and intracranial surgery. Anaesthetic considerations related are maintenance of intravascular volume and preload, avoidance of precursors to acidosis such as hypothermia, hypercarbia, and hypotension and challenge for anaesthesiologist is to maintain Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR) and Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) by pharmacological and ventilatory means. This report is about a seven-year-old child who was posted for emergency craniotomy and abscess drainage, after routine preanaesthetic check-up. Induced with fentanyl, ketamine and atracurium, anaesthesia was maintained on oxygen, air and sevoflurane. Intraoperatively, normothermia was maintained, and blood pressure was maintained by noradrenaline infusion, metabolic acidosis was corrected with soda-bicarbonate. In between the procedure, the patient had an episode of Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT), which was managed with lidocaine, metoprolal and adenosine. In such cases, it is vital to pay attention to any potential anaesthetic interactions.