bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH OF TRANSPORT SUPPLY OF METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY BY RAILWAY TECHNOLOGICAL ROUTES
Authors: ZARUBA O. , OKOROKOV A.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. In the conditions of a full-scale war, ensuring the stable functioning of the national economy is one of the strategic tasks. The functioning of the industrial complex, the availability of jobs and the payment of taxes to the state budget are, among other things, part of ensuring the country's defense capability. One of the main branches of Ukraine's economy is the metallurgical industry, so it needs the implementation of measures to ensure reliable and stable work even in conditions of military aggression, constant risks of air strikes and infrastructure damage. In accordance with this, the purpose of the study is to analyze and determine the structure of cargo flows of technological routes of transport service of metallurgical production (on the example of PJSC «Zaporizhstal»). The dynamics of iron ore (iron ore concentrate) and coking coal (coke) transportation volumes by means of transport were studied. Irregularity was investigated and descriptive statistics of daily volumes of transportation of iron ore (iron ore concentrate) and coking coal (coke) for metallurgical production were performed (on the example of PJSC «Zaporizhstal»). Methods. An analysis of the unevenness of the daily volume of goods received for the needs of a metallurgical enterprise (on the example of PJSC «Zaporizhstal») by technological routes of railway transport was carried out. Methods of mathematical statistics, probability theory, theory of transport processes and systems were used. As a result of the analysis of cargo flows arriving at the enterprise, it was established that the distribution of the daily volume of iron ore arriving at the Zaporizhzhia Live station is subject to symmetrical distribution laws with a relatively low variation of 18.4%. The distribution of the random value of the daily volume of coke intake also indicates a certain symmetry with a fairly high probability (59%), and is approximated by a normal distribution. Scientific novelty. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the approximate density of the distribution of volumes of iron ore (salt-ore concentrate) and coking coal (coke) for metallurgical production (on the example of PJSC «Zaporizhstal» for 2022). Practical significance. The mathematical expectation and the level of correlation of the volumes of iron ore (iron ore concentrate) and coking coal (coke) supply to metallurgical production are established (on the example of PJSC «Zaporizhstal» for 2022). In the future, the obtained results are planned to be used as input data for a simulation model of the functioning of the transport support system of an industrial enterprise.
MODELING THE ACTIVITY OF A TRANSPORT AND FORWARDING ENTERPRISE WHEN PERFORMING INTERNATIONAL ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Authors: LEBID IE. , LEBID І. , LUZHANSKA N.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the paper is to improve the activities of a transport and forwarding enterprise in the delivery of goods by road transport in international traffic. The process of interaction between freight forwarders and service customers, taking into account their individual characteristics as business entities and service requirements was researched. The proposed development will allow managers of transport and forwarding enterprises to plan workforce provision, considering the duration of service for different customer categories. Methods. The determination of the duration and reliability of transport and forwarding services to customers in organizing international transportation was carried out based on a simulation model developed in the GPSS software environment. Results. The performance indicators of transport and forwarding enterprises depend on the efficiency of work organization by specialists within the enterprise, their interaction with customers, and involved intermediary organizations. The staff size of freight forwarders should be planned by the enterprise management, taking into account the flow of orders for service. Considering the main stages of transport and forwarding service to customers and the duration of their execution, the developed simulation model allows determining the following indicators: average service time, average queue waiting time, average queue length, the share of orders serviced without waiting in line, probability of service refusal, service reliability, load coefficient of freight forwarders, average number of occupied freight forwarders, enterprise throughput, and the number of freight forwarders needed for staffing the enterprise. Scientific novelty. The developed simulation model of a transport and forwarding enterprise's operation allows planning the work of a business entity based on the implementation of organizational and managerial measures to increase its competitiveness. Unlike the existing ones, the proposed model allows to study the structure of the flow of orders and the range of cargoes that arrive for service, which will ensure the possibility of planning the staffing of forwarders; to distribute the functional responsibilities of forwarders and forecast the duration of certain types of work. Practical significance. The practical significance of the paper lies in the fact that the proposed model allows evaluating the performance indicators of a transport and forwarding enterprise in organizing the export and import of goods for various customer categories. Based on the simulation results, the enterprise owner will be able to form workforce provision based on customer needs for service duration and reliability. In addition, a systematic approach to the organization of business processes will ensure significant competitive advantages of the enterprise in the market of transport and forwarding services.
STUDY OF EXPORT FREIGHT FLOWS OF GRAIN FROM UKRAINE
Authors: KHOMENKO Yu. , OKOROKOV A.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. After the beginning of the full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation against our country, most of the logistics chains, including those related to ensuring the export of grain, were disrupted. The current system of transportation is focused on the transportation of grain to the western borders with further transshipment to wagons of the European track, which is a difficult and expensive option. In order to ensure the restoration of full-fledged grain export, it is advisable to conduct research on the origins and volume of grain movement, transportation routes and alternative options. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to determine the main points of origin and repayment of cargo flows of grain export connections in Ukraine and to determine the direction of improvement of transport and technological lines of grain export from Ukraine in global supply chains. The volumes of car-go flow generation at the railway stations of Ukraine were analyzed. The scientific methods and methods of im-proving the transport and technological lines of grain export are substantiated. Methods. An analysis of literary sources was carried out, which made it possible to establish that the port direction is the main one for grain transportation. The peculiarity of the formation of export grain cargo flows is analyzed. Methods of mathematical statistics, probability theory, theory of sets, theory of algorithms, theory of transport processes and systems, theory of systems are used. It has been established that the distribution of the volumes of seed cargo flows by railway stations of departure in the 2021 / 2022 marketing year is mostly subject to asymmetric distribution laws. The smallest deviation is observed with Cauchy and Gamma distribution approximations. A statistical analysis of wagon flows with grain loads was performed, which allowed us to obtain the following results: the mathematical expectation is 55.8 wagons, the standard deviation is 58.0 wagons, the coefficient of variation is 1.04. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty obtained as a result of the research to which the article is devoted is the obtained approximate density of the distribution of the volumes of grain cargo flows at the railway stations of departure (on the example of the 2021 / 2022 marketing year). Practical significance. The mathematical expectation and level of correlation of the origin of grain cargo flows at the railway stations of departure are established (on the example of the 2021 / 2022 marketing year). In further studies, the obtained results will be used as initial data for modeling the operation of the grain cargo transportation system in the direction of the western borders, and in the future - in the direction of the Black Sea ports of Ukraine.
Church of Rome and the Condemnation of Nestorios of Constantinople during the Third Ecumenical Council
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gratsianskiy Mikhail Viacheslavovich
Published: December 2023

This article researches the ecclesiastical and political processes at the first stage of the Third Ecumenical Council in Ephesus in late June – early July 431, which ended with the conciliar condemnation of Patriarch Nestorios of Constantinople. The comparative critical analysis of the acts of the Third Ecumenical Council allows the author to analyse the role of Pope Celestine I in the said process, who sent his legates to the Council. The article mainly examines the acts of the council sessions on July 10–11, 431, which reflect the participation of the newly arrived Roman legates in the work of the Council. A special analysis has been made of the documents presented by the papal representatives: the personal message of Pope Celestine to the Council and his instructions given to the legates. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the statements the legates made at the sessions, as these have important ideological contents, reflecting the “apostolic see’s” vision of its place among the local Churches and the limits of papal jurisdiction. Additionally, the procedural aspects associated with the adoption by the Council of both the papal legates themselves and the position of the Roman see voiced by them in regard to Nestorios condemnation issue have been studied and described. However, the way the Council participants, including the Council’s chairman, Cyril of Alexandria, and other leading bishops, were reacting to the statements of the legates, has also been studied. The author has made the conclusion that, despite the declarations of papal primacy and principality in matters of ecclesiastical justice voiced by the legates, the Council did not recognize the papal leadership and undertook a number of procedural measures, as well as the final communiqué, to demonstrate the equal position of the Roman bishop among other bishops of the Roman Empire represented at the Council.
Building Technique of the Early Byzantine Fortifications of the South-Western Taurica: Historiographical Tradition and Archaeological Realities
Authors:   V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Dushenko Anton Anatol’evich
Published: December 2023

The system of early mediaeval fortifications in the Byzantine lands in the South- Western Crimea remains an object of discussion. The dating of many fortifications was determined by indirect evidence, particularly the stonework of defensive walls. In the mid-twentieth century, A. L. Yakobson inferred that the Crimean forts of ashlar masonry dated to the age of Justinian I. This article argues that the technique in question appeared in the Hellenistic Period and was used in the defensive walls throughout the history of Byzantium and therefore was not a particular chronological marker. The given research addresses the materials of archaeological investigations at 12 forts in the South-Western Taurica, constructed, in the scholars’ view, in the Early Middle Ages. The results of historiographical analysis make it possible to single out a group of castles constructed in the sixth century according to archaeological materials: Mangup-Kale, Eski-Kermen, Bakla, Sivag-Kermen, and Alouston. This group should also include the fort in Gorzoubitai, the construction of which fortifications was described in the Buildings of Procopius of Caesarea. The ashlar facing of defensive walls has been documented at two sites of the group in question, Mangup and Eski-Kermen. The other forts had rubble facing of their defensive walls. Apparently, both building techniques were used by the Byzantine engineers in the Taurica simultaneously. With a degree of probability, the castles of Chufut-Kale and Kalamita and the fort in the Karalez valley can be attributed to the Early Middle Ages.
Land of Kaghrdik According to Armenian Sources
Authors:   Mesrop Mashtots Research Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, Gevorgyan Haykaz Armenovich , Avetisyan Vahe Gagikovich ,   Russian-Armenian University
Published: December 2023

Historians continue debating the details of Emperor John II Komnenos’ (1118– 1143) campaigns in the east. The exact place of his death in Cilicia in 1143 is unclear due to vague account of the sources in possession. The Byzantine, Latin, and Syrian writers provide the most information about the emperor’s death. However, the Armenian sources, specifically the thirteenth-century chronicles of Smbat Sparapet, Vahram Rabuni, and Getum Patmich, provide unique information on the events in John Komnenos’ campaign of 1142–1143. These sources mention that the emperor’s entrails were buried in the land of Kagrdik. William of Tyre, a Latin chronicler, said that John II died at the place called Pratum palliorum. However, the linguistic analysis and comparison of various sources undertaken in this article has proved that the Kaghrdik was not the same as Pratum palliorum. The Kaghrdik was probably located near Anavarza. The discovery of the John II Komnenos burial place may shed light on the location of the twelfth- and thirteenth-century Orthodox churches in the Anavarza region. The comparative analysis has suggested that the Kaghrdik was most likely located in the vicinity of the ruins of Tumlu castle and St. Simankla monastery.
Sacred Sites of Italy in the Orthodox Descriptions of the Council of Ferrara-Florence
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korolev Aleksandr Andreievich
Published: December 2023

The Orthodox view of the Catholic Church with its sacred buildings, rituals, and shrines was amply reflected in the Byzantine and Russian descriptions of the Council of Ferrara-Florence. It is possible to divide the existing sources into two groups with different attitude to Latin cultic practices. An ambiguous attitude of earlier descriptions may be related to the uneasiness of the majority of Orthodox towards Western religious art, the decoration of churches, and the peculiarities of ritual that appeared unusual and alien. The most prominent Byzantines, including the emperor and the patriarch, were prepared to the union, tolerated the Latin liturgy and worshipped at Latin shrines. Many Orthodox followed their example, though not without hesitation. The rigorists, who constituted a minority at the council, rejected the very idea of a religious reunification based on compromise, and considered it unacceptable to honour Latin shrines. The latter view had eventually prevailed both in Constantinople and in Moscow, leading to the emergence of highly polemical descriptions of the council. Their authors tried to conceal the interested attitude of many Orthodox delegates towards Catholic churches and liturgy, their reverence for Catholic icons and relics. On the contrary, confessional distinction was strictly imposed, leading to firm refusal to venerate Catholic shrines that belonged to the menacing heresy and dangerous heretics.
Análise do mito da democracia racial a partir de Frantz Fanon e Sueli Carneiro
Authors: Vieira Menezes Carneiro Rafael
Published: December 2023

Neste trabalho buscamos compreender alguns elementos que fundamentam o racismo expresso no mito da democracia racial e intencionamos explicar a exclusão do negro no Brasil. Assim, inicialmente, analisaremos, de forma breve, os autores brasileiros Raimundo Nina Rodrigues, Arthur Ramos e Gilberto Freyre, buscando evidenciar a construção da ideia de democracia racial. Por conseguinte, apresentaremos o pensamento de Frantz Fanon acerca da objetificação da pessoa negra, com o intuito de mostrar que os procedimentos existentes na ideia de democracia racial possuem um viés inferiorizante do negro, que culmina na negação desse sujeito. Por fim, recorreremos ao pensamento de Sueli Carneiro, precisamente no que se refere ao conceito de dispositivo de racialidade/biopoder, como meio de aprofundar a análise empreendida por Fanon. Como resultados desta pesquisa percebemos que Carneiro, ao engendrar tal conceito, apresenta um novo aparato conceitual que evidencia como as relações de poder operam para a negação do sujeito negro.
Historiography and Collective Memory
Authors: Costa Braga Sabrina
Published: December 2023

Zakhor is the commandment of remembrance often repeated in the Torah. It is also the title of an indispensable book for reflection on Jewish identity in relation to historiography. In this article, I will start with the thesis of the Jewish historian Yerushalmi to discuss the relationship between memory and historiography in the Jewish context and beyond. Yerushalmi pointed out a distance between collective memory and historiography that is an interesting starting point for reflection on the possibilities of a non-westernized historiography. The text is divided into an introduction, three topics that aim: to present Yerushalmi’s book; to present the main comments to the book; to reflect on the place or non-place of the national element in a Jewish history; and a conclusion. Thus, I will question the tension between memory and history and a possible approximation that goes beyond the modern notion of historiography. Thus, reading Yerushalmi’s thesis as a possibility of rethinking the instruments of historiography.
Postcolonial Apologies, Politics of Regret and Temporal Manichaeism
Authors: Escribano Roca Rodrigo , Alonso Fernández Marcos
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the forms of temporality and morality which operate in the request for postcolonial apologies in modern democracies, focusing on the Mexican case. There is already rich literature on the changing mnemonic and historiographical interpretations of the Conquest in Mexican history up to the present day. In this paper the Mexican case serves as factual support to discuss theoretically the modes of temporal consciousness that underlie postcolonial apologies and the moral relations to the past that these entail. We will examine the topic in light of the “ethical turn” proposals found in historical theory. We will critically address the assumptions regarding historicity behind the so-called “politics of regret,” questioning the ideological premises that frame the request for apologies and the decolonial theories that support them. Finally, we will approach the problem based on moral philosophy works that have studied collective apologies’ paradoxical nature. The questions to answer are: does retrospective recrimination of colonial processes make sense? Can we reclaim apologies from history? We conclude that the postcolonial apologies demanded by President López Obrador depend on a mythologized vision of the past, which reproduces a logic of temporal Manichaeism, with a scant epistemological basis to judge historically the event that it condemns.
Ainda sobre fantasmas
Authors: Felippe Eduardo Ferraz
Published: December 2023

O artigo explora questões relativas às figurações do tempo em sua relação com modos de elaboração da experiência histórica ao analisar o romance La plus secrète mémoire des hommes de Mohamed Mbougar Sarr. O ensaio refuta categorias analíticas e normativas como sujeito universal e representação histórica em um romance que se utiliza da pesquisa histórica. O artigo também pretende ressaltar que a crítica pós-colonial, ou decolonial, se manifesta de maneira constativa, e não performática, limitando a eficácia do tratamento de temas sensíveis para além da arquitetura conceitual dos estudos traumáticos. Considero que o romance permite maior abertura para o questionamento dos limites do conhecimento histórico frente às críticas provenientes de autores que debatem temporalidade, colonialismo e racismo.
The End of History
Authors: Savoldi Jr Antenor
Published: December 2023

This article proposes a revision of the idea of the End of History as pictured by Francis Fukuyama regarding its categorization as both a utopia and a dystopia. After revisiting Fukuyama’s original proposal and its amendments by the author in the following years, we use François Hartog’s regimes of historicity as a theoretical tool for understanding the End of History as part of a larger phenomenon. To argue Fukuyama essentially proposes the re-spatialization of utopia, we use Reinhard Koselleck’s “Temporalization of Utopia” and Fredric Jameson’s “End of Temporality” as guidelines. Finally, mobilizing debates on the utopian as a background, we reflect on the political nature of ruptures of temporality to claim that the End of History, though originally a utopian text, has been temporalized as a dystopia following its implementation as a political program.
Nüfuz Alanı Bağlamında Türkiye-Kuzey Makedonya İlişkileri (2010-2020)
Authors: YİĞİT Murat
Published: December 2023

Türkiye’nin son dönemde Balkanlar’a yönelik ilgi ve iş birliğini artırmaya başlaması, genelde geçmiş bilinciyle irtibatlandırılmış ve kimi zaman da arkasında emperyal hedefler aranmıştır. Türkiye’nin bölgeye yönelik gerçekleşen yüksek miktardaki dış yardım faaliyetleri, Türkiye’nin Balkanlar’da yeniden nüfuz alanı kurma girişimi olarak da gösterilmiştir. Oysa askeri, siyasi, ekonomik ve kültürel parametrelerle yaklaşıldığında Türkiye’nin böyle bir nüfuz alanı edinmekten çok uzak olduğu, Balkanlar ile çok boyutlu ilişkilerini halen sınırlı bir düzeyde yürüttüğü anlaşılmaktadır. Bölgede Türkiye için önemli bir ortak olan, beş asırdan fazla Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde kalmış ve resmi dilleri arasında Türkçe’nin de bulunduğu Kuzey Makedonya bu bağlamda incelenmeye değer bir örnek teşkil eder. Siyasi temsil ve ittifak durumu, ekonomik ilişkiler ve işbirliği, askeri materyal ve sosyalizasyon gibi parametreler üzerinden Türkiye-Kuzey Makedonya ilişkilerinin ele alınması, bölgenin tamamı ile kurulan bağın düzeyi açısından bir gösterge teşkil edecektir. Tarihsel ve kültürel olarak yakın olmanın, siyasi ve ekonomik açıdan yakınlığı zorunlu bir netice olarak doğurmadığı, nüfuz alanı meydana getirmenin ise çok boyutlu, istikrarlı ve yoğun bir yaklaşıma bağlı olduğu bu örnek vesilesiyle görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye’nin Kuzey Makedonya ile ilişkilerinin farklı boyutları anılan nüfuz parametreleri üzerinden ele alınacaktır. Yapılan değerlendirme neticesinde Türkiye’nin, Kuzey Makedonya’daki etkin aktörlerden biri olduğu, fakat pek çok açıdan diğer aktörlerin gerisinde kaldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Dahası, Türkiye’nin dış politika ve nüfuz araçlarının emperyalist olmaktan uzak, ağırlıklı olarak “yumuşak güç” merkezli araçlar olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Böylece Türkiye’nin, Kuzey Makedonya’da kurduğu bağların tarihe ve ortak geçmişe referans yaptığı, kalkınma işbirliğini öne çıkardığı değerlendirilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkiye, Kuzey Makedonya, İkili İlişkiler, Karşılaştırmalı Dış Nüfuz, Ekonomik, Askeri ve Kültürel İşbirliği
Accelerated carbonation of regenerated binding material prepared with waste cement paste powder
Authors: Lu Linnu , Wang Peng , He Yongjia , Jie Ma , Wang Fazhou , Hu Shuguang
Published: December 2023

An approach for the efficient re-utilisation of waste cement paste powders is proposed, wherein the powders are heated to a certain temperature to prepare regenerated binding materials (RBMs), and then rapidly carbonated by high-concentration carbon dioxide to prepare high-strength products. The structural evolution during the heating process of waste cement paste powder and the carbonation process of RBMs were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, and the compressive strength of the carbonated RBM samples was measured. The results show that the differences in carbonation reactivity, carbonation products of the RBMs and properties of carbonated RBMs can mainly be attributed to the differences in the degree of structural order of newly formed β-dicalcium silicate (C2S), the content of β-C2S, free calcium oxide (f-CaO) and incompletely decomposed calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) in RBMs. The strength of the carbonated sample of RBM prepared at 1050°C was the highest, followed by that prepared at 950°C, which was significantly higher than those prepared at 650, 750 and 850°C. The content of highly ordered β-C2S in RBMs with high carbonation reactivity and the dense stacking of the carbonation products are beneficial for the mechanical properties.
Trends of NGOs’ diplomacy as a “soft power” tool in the new international political realms: Case of the Republic of Karelia
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS, Shlapeko Ekaterina A. , Arteev Sergey P. ,   MGIMO University, Kondrateva Svetlana V. ,   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of the RAS
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic and the acute confrontation between Russia and Western countries jeopardized the implementation of a number of international projects in the early 2020s. Closed borders made it much more difficult for the academic and expert community to maintain personal and professional contacts. The opposing sides pursue a policy of “withdrawal culture”. This unfavorable international political environment stimulates the search for new formats of cooperation and rethinking of long-known channels of interaction. In the current foreign policy circumstances, the tools for open dialog and preserving the climate of trust between the regional communities of Russia and foreign countries are rising their importance: even though they turn out to be very limited, these were not completely closed, as it happened at the interstate level. Objectives: to identify the public diplomacy dynamics as an instrument of “soft power” in modern geopolitical conditions using the case of the Republic of Karelia (border region in the North-West of the Russian Federation). Methods: terminology analysis, document analysis and comparative method. Results: the experience of public diplomacy development in the Republic of Karelia, the challenges faced by the participants of international dialogue and the forms of further communication are presented. Conclusions: the depoliticized nature of subnational international interaction will allow the parties to use the potential of “soft power”, identifying the directions significant for the Russian Federation and the conditions for the progressive development of cross-border interactions with different states in the new international political reality.
Constitutional transformations paradoxes and the political process in Belarus and Uzbekistan: Do formal institutions matter?
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Borisov Nikolai A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: referendums on amendments to the constitution held in 2022–2023 in Belarus and Uzbekistan raised a number of issues relating to public authorities organization and functioning. This brings about a research problem of the factors and reasons under development and implementation of these changes as well as the amendments impact on political process in the respective states (in particular, on the transformation of presidency and party systems). Objectives: to analyze the purpose of amending the Belarus and Uzbekistan constitutions with regard to the form of government and regulation of the political parties role and potential political consequences of the changes; to assess the further evolution of political regimes in the respective states in the context of maintaining their stability. Methods: the method of index analysis by A. Crowell – O. Zaznaev, the method of assessing the presidential powers by M. Shugart and J. Carey, the author’s typology of the presidency models. Results: in Belarus, the right to determine the main directions of policy was assigned to the newly created supreme authority – the All-Belorussian People’s Assembly, and in Uzbekistan this right has been retained by the President. At the same time, the formal powers of the Belarus President have strengthened, while in Uzbekistan the president remained constitutionally “weak”. As a result of the changes, the President of Belarus has been deprived of a number of important powers; however, due to the fact that the current president is likely to use the constitutional right to head the People’s Assembly, his constitutional powers will expand significantly while maintaining informal powers. The party systems of Belarus and Uzbekistan, despite the different proportion of party member deputies in the parliaments, can still be attributed to the same “non-party” type. The amendments have not changed the form of government indices in both Belarus and Uzbekistan and these still differ from each other, but the models of power organization in these states are quite close. Conclusions: the main purpose of the amendments to the constitutions of Belarus and Uzbekistan in 2022–2023 was to strengthen the presidential power. The new legal framework is not only of formal importance, but will also determine the political systems functioning in both states for decades to come. They can play a special role in the power transfer to a new president, the extension of the current president powers or providing the ex-president with a special status in the political system.
ZEMSTVO MEDICINE AND HEALTH CARE SEEKING IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Danilov E. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper deals with the development of zemstvo medicine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, focusing on health care seeking. Within a broader research optics, this phenomenon is a key element in the formation of human capital and standard of living. In this paper, it is considered as the indicator of interaction between medical institu-tions and the population. The study reveals significant disparities in health care seeking behavior among counties in general and among counties within one province. The division of health care seeking into inpatient and outpatient sectors demonstrates distinct patterns of distribution for these types of medical care. Regression analysis demon-strates that infrastructural conditions and organizational factors of healthcare largely explain the distribution of inpatient services. However, a similar trend is not observed in the outpatient sector, indicating the likely influence of fac-tors of a different nature, such as sociocultural and socioeconomic factors. Furthermore, the study shows the insignif-icant influence of the factors of payment for medical care and the area of medical offices on the intensity of health care seeking in both the inpatient and outpatient sectors. These findings highlight the need for a more detailed study.
“WHEN WILL ASH STOP BEING CINDERELLA?” UTOPIAN CONSERVATISM OF LATE SOVIET ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Gilmintinov R. R. ,   Duke University
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes the features of the late Soviet environmental regulation using materials from the Department of Nature Protection of the State Planning Committee of the USSR. The author argues that despite the absence of a special environmental agency, environmental regulation in the Soviet Union was systemic, being integrated into na-tional economic planning through the “economy of approvals” framework. The author distinguishes utopian con-servatism as one of the key features of Soviet environmental regulation. On the one hand, the utopian horizon of So-viet environmental regulation was a radical restructuring of nature management that would turn all waste into re-sources for the economy. On the other hand, the implementation of the environmental program became part of Brezhnev’s conservative reforms, which did not imply a redistribution of power and resources between economic agents, but only “improved the mechanisms of planning and economic incentives” within the existing balance of power. The first part of the paper explores the institutionalization process of the Department of Nature Protection of the State Planning Commission and its operation principles. The author shows that while the did not set itself the task of detailing all environmental measure, it played a crucial role as a key node facilitating relationships among various agents within the “economy of approvals”. The second part of the paper presents a case study that reconstructs the interaction between the party elite, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the State Planning Commission, and indi-vidual ministries on the issue of using waste from the petrochemical industry and power plants for vanadium produc-tion. The specialists from the Department of Nature Conservation of the State Planning Committee of the USSR sought to set up relations between individual ministries to convert waste of one ministry into resources for another one, but it required much deeper restructuring of Soviet environmental management.
REVIEW OF THE ARCHIVAL FUNDS ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS FROM THE 1960s TO THE 1980s
Authors:   Perm State University, Nepliuev P. A. ,   Perm Regional Museum
Published: December 2023

The article presents a review of Russian archival funds related to the protection of historical and cultural heritage and the activities of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments (hereinafter VOOPIK, or the Society). The study is based on materials from various state organizations, including the State Ar-chive of the Russian Federation (GARF), the Perm State Archive of Socio-Political History (PermGASPI), the State Archive of the Perm Krai (GAPK), the Center for Documentation of Public Organizations of the Sverdlovsk Oblast (CDOOSO), the United State Archive of the Chelyabinsk Oblast (OGACHO), and the Perm Museum of Local Lore (PKM). The relevance of the study lies in the growing interest of the state, academia and society in both grassroots activism and mass voluntary organizations in the late Soviet Union. The Soviet experience is particularly valuable as many of its initiatives are being revisited in contemporary Russian reality. The main basis for Soviet studies are ar-chival sources, which are regularly introduced into academic circulation. The aim of the article is to study and classi-fy archival sources on the above topic. In addition to the review, the article provides a brief historiographical over-view of the problem's research status, as well as a historical note on the activities of the VOOPIK. The author identi-fies several types of sources in archival funds and provides a brief description of each. An important role in studying the activity of Soviet mass organizations is played by the determination of the levels of research – from the republi-can (RSFSR) to regional (oblast, krai, ASSR) and grassroots (district, city) levels. This division justifies the use of both central and regional archives, as the archival sources from Central Archive (GARF) provide an understanding of the specifics of the functioning of the central apparatus of the VOOPIK, while the sources of regional archives recre-ate a picture of activism on “grassroots level” where the main productive activities of the Society took place. When using archives of different levels, one can change the optics of research and study VOOPIK from different angles. The study pays particular attention to the “Letters to VOOPIK” written by Soviet citizens to authorities, media, and voluntary organizations regarding the protection of historical and cultural heritage. These letters, which were a com-mon practice in Soviet everyday life, can shed light on the motives and goals of the activists.
Natural environment of the Bolshaya Motovilikha river valley
Authors:   Perm State University, Buzmakov Sergei A. , Kuvshinsky Ilya A. ,   Perm State University, Shestakov Igor E. ,   Perm State University, Abdulmanova Irina F. ,   Perm State University, Kuchin Leonid S. ,   Perm State University, Isakov Denis S. ,   Department of ecology and nature management of the Perm city administration
Published: December 2023

One of the most effective methods of preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecological balance is the organization of protected areas. This is especially true for large cities with a historically industrial bias in economic de-velopment, where almost all components of the natural environment are often greatly transformed. The message provides data on identified valuable natural objects in the territory of the river valley. Big Motovilikha. As a result of direct field surveys, the following were discovered: a valuable soil object, locations of plant and animal species included in the Red lists of the Russian Federation and the Perm region or annexes to them. It is recommended to organize protected area «Motovilikhinskiy» and assign it the category of a protected landscape of local importance.
Assessment of anthropogenic pressure on water resources and efficiency of their use: review of methodological approaches
Authors:   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rybkina Irina D.
Published: December 2023

Anthropogenic pressure as a measure of quantitative measurement of human impacts on water resources is subject to evaluation in modern scientific research. The relevance of such a study is related to the quantitative limitation and qualitative transformation (pollution) of water bodies. There are two main methodological approaches - geographical and hydrological. The first one is characterized by taking into account to a greater extent indirect impacts on water bodies, the second one - direct and indirect (diffuse runoff). Types of impacts that make a significant contribution to the transfor-mation of natural water bodies (channel regulation, irrigated farming, flow diversions, industrial, municipal and agricultural water supply, drainage of marshes and wetlands, forest cutting and planting, urbanization, etc.) are described. The peculi-arities of use and reliability of the applied indicators in assessments of anthropogenic load are discussed. Available data and initial information for water use efficiency assessment are summarized.
Diagnóstico ambiental no Córrego Vale do Sol em Presidente Prudente (São Paulo/Brasil)
Authors: Jesus Laura Rubim Do Monte , Costa Giuliana Maria , Ziliotto Beatriz Garcia , Romero Danielli Cristina Granado
Published: December 2023

O crescimento urbano desordenado, a demanda crescente, assim como a contaminação e o desperdício de água, afetam a disponibilidade e qualidade dos recursos hídricos e, representam preocupações primordiais para a sustentabilidade do abastecimento público. Diante desse cenário crítico, a realização de estudos que permitam avaliar as condições dos ecossistemas aquáticos, que possam contribuir para a conservação da água são fundamentais. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar e adaptar um protocolo de avaliação rápida para o diagnóstico das condições ambientais do córrego Vale do Sol, pertencente à Bacia do Córrego do Veado, que fica na área urbana, em Presidente Prudente. O protocolo adaptado foi aplicado em três trechos pré-selecionados. Além disso, foram realizadas análises de temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido e turbidez da água para complementar o diagnóstico. Os resultados indicaram uma distinção, em relação a qualidade ambiental entre os trechos, de acordo com as análises, incluindo duas áreas, onde foram evidenciadas maior interferência antrópica e uma mais conservada.  O protocolo de avaliação rápida adaptado foi considerado uma ferramenta viável e eficiente para o diagnóstico do Córrego Vale do Sol para avaliação das condições físicas e relacionadas à diversidade de habitats dos trechos estudados.
Impactos do descarte irregular dos resíduos sólidos no canal do Arruda Recife-PE
Authors: Vasconcelos Filho André Gustavo Ferreira de , Dutra Artur Pereira , Menezes Igoh Pontes Bezerra de , Moura Micaella Raíssa Falcão de , Cabral Pedro Francisco Gomes da Silva
Published: December 2023

O descarte irregular de resíduos sólidos tem sido uma problemática mundial que contribui para o comprometimento dos corpos hídricos urbanos, especialmente considerando, neste contexto, as mudanças climáticas e o aumento das inundações urbanas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os impactos do descarte irregular de resíduos sólidos no canal do Arruda, também conhecido como canal Vasco da Gama, no trecho entre a Av. Beberibe e a Rua Petrolina Botelho, cidade do Recife-PE. Para realização dessa análise, serão levantados os dados de volume dos resíduos sólidos, bem como dados de precipitação de um determinado período. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de consulta à Autarquia de Manutenção e Limpeza Urbana do Recife (EMLURB) e da Agência Pernambucana de Águas e Clima (APAC). Os resultados apontaram a necessidade intervenções multidisciplinares na área em estudo.
Por uma Cidade Compacta e Verde: docência, pesquisa e projeto
Authors: Rocha Ricardo S. , Alves Daniel F. , Farias Eduarda P.
Published: December 2023

Objetivo – propor uma discussão relacionando docência/ pesquisa, analisando como uma cidade, compacta e verde (CCV) deve ser, o rol da densidade e dos espaços verdes urbanos (EVUs). Metodologia - se inicia pelo aporte teórico (Ecologia Urbana), complementado por pesquisa empírica e aplicação das hipóteses encontradas em ensaios projetuais de base tipo-morfológica. A originalidade/relevância - ou gap teórico no qual o estudo se insere – diz respeito, por um lado, ao reconhecimento do papel ecológico das áreas verdes privadas (AVPs); por outro, ao balanço entre as exigências de densidade e EVUs em uma CCV, apresentado de forma projetual e não apenas quantitativo-abstrata. Relevância acadêmica: fundamental para o futuro enfrentamento dos problemas urbanos, no sentido da formação de quadros preparados para os novos desafios. Resultados - os principais resultados alcançados, para além do reconhecimento do papel ecológico das AVPs e dos ensaios projetuais com o balanço entre densidade e EVUs, também incluem a constatação do melhor desempenho de determinadas tipologias como os “fourplexes”. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: as principais implicações teóricas dizem respeito à incorporação da gestão das AVPs no enfrentamento dos desafios propostos por uma CCV; metodologicamente, além da pesquisa empírica, que aponta direções de análise, os ensaios projetuais apresentam o desempenho de um conjunto de tipologias associadas a morfologias, no balanço entre densidade e EVUs. Contribuições sociais e ambientais - podem ser exemplificadas pela adoção das conclusões do estudo como referência pelo Conselho Nacional de Patrimônio da Noruega (RIKSANTIKVAREN), justamente, com relação ao correto equacionamento entre densidade e EVUs em uma CCV.
Análise Comparativa das Versões 2012 e 2020 do Plano Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PLANARES) da República Federativa do Brasil
Authors: Vieira Luiz Guilherme Grein , Cerutt Myriam Lorena Melgarejo Navarro
Published: December 2023

Para uma gestão adequada de resíduos sólidos é fundamental conhecer a situação atual, identificar os principais problemas, necessidades e oportunidades, e a partir disso definir cenários, metas e ações para alcançar as melhorias desejadas num determinado período, que resumem a definição de planejamento. Dentre os principais instrumentos instituídos pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos do Brasil, está a elaboração do Plano Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PLANARES. No ano de 2012 foi elaborada uma primeira versão do plano, e em 2020 uma nova versão foi editada e aprovada em 2022. Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar o conteúdo das duas versões do PLANARES, avaliando a abordagem quanto às diretrizes previstas na Política Nacional; indicadores da gestão de resíduos sólidos no período; e as metodologias de planejamento adotadas, com a tabulação dos dados obtidos para correlacionar e verificar os avanços atingidos. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura abordando a legislação pertinente; estudos publicados sobre planejamento aplicado à gestão de resíduos sólidos e saneamento; levantamento sobre os principais indicadores de resíduos sólidos no período; e análise comparativa do conteúdo dos dois planos. Os indicadores avaliados apontam uma melhoria pouco significativa no período de 2008 a 2019, que pode estar relacionada à falta de detalhamento dos programas e projetos, e de ações para monitoramento nos dois planos. O estudo apontou a necessidade da melhoria do monitoramento das metas previstas, por meio da participação e controle social, e definição de ações práticas e responsáveis pela sua aplicação.
Estabilização De Solo Com Rejeito Da Produção De Celulose
Authors: Lima Jairo Salim Pinheiro De , Souza Ândria Carolina Leite De , Lemos Bárbara , Dezen Lucas Eduardo , Martarello Yule Anni Dourado
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo trata sobre o uso de lama de cal no solo, com a finalidade de aplicação na pavimentação asfáltica com função de estabilizante de solo, tendo como objetivo estudar a estabilização física e mecânica dessa mistura, com teores de lama-cal em 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50%. Foram analisadas cinco amostras para mini-Proctor de cada dosagem, para os ensaios de caracterização, expansão e resistência à penetração, para obter a umidade ótima e o mini-CBR. Com os resultados do mini-CBR, foram realizados novamente os ensaios para o CBR padrão, com duas amostras de cada teor de lama-cal na umidade ótima determinada em corpos-de-prova miniatura. A lama-cal é um resíduo do processo de industrialização do papel e celulose, utilizado como corretivo da acidez dos solos e agente aglomerante, além de reduzir a expansão e contração térmica do solo, resistindo às variações climáticas. Porém, os estudos para a utilização para estabilização de solos são escassos, mas possíveis, o que contribui com a preservação do meio ambiente, reduzindo a quantidade de resíduos descartados em aterros. Com os resultados obtidos do mini-CBR e CBR padrão, é possível realizar a aplicação de lama-cal na pavimentação asfáltica na camada da sub-base e reforço do subleito, uma vez que todos os resultados estão de acordo com as normativas atuais.