bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kształtowanie kapitału relacyjnego w muzeach regionalnych
Authors: Sawczuk Magdalena
Published: January 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest przedstawianie oraz wykorzystywanie kapitału relacyjnego przez instytucje muzealne. Uwaga została skierowana szczególnie w stronę muzeów regionalnych. Celem pracy jest omówienie oraz analiza, które składniki kapitału relacyjnego są wskazywane w literaturze dotyczącej zarządzania muzeami oraz w jaki sposób są one wykorzystywane w praktyce funkcjonowania tych instytucji. Podjęto także próbę wskazania, które komponenty wymagają głębszej analizy. Do zrealizowania celu wykorzystana została metoda analizy literatury oraz analizy danych. Podczas analizy wykorzystano kilka przykładów instytucji muzealnych. Rezultatem było wykazanie obszarów, w których zasadne byłoby prowadzenie dalszych badań. Zaobserwowany został niedostatek opracowań dotyczących podejścia strategicznego w muzeum, jak i lojalności osób odwiedzających muzea. Relacje z odwiedzającymi muzea są najczęściej podejmowanym zagadnieniem, jednakże i tutaj zaobserwowano pewne luki zarówno w teorii, jak i praktyce działalności instytucji. Nawiązywanie nowych relacji z podmiotami otoczenia, jak i praca nad wzmacnianiem dotychczasowych, ma istotne znaczenie dla efektywnego działania muzeum na rynku. Aby kapitał relacyjny był jakościowy, ważne, aby praca nad jego kształtowaniem i umacnianiem miała charakter strategiczny, a nie jedynie okazyjnej współpracy. Obszar relacji muzeum z otoczeniem może być analizowany na wielu poziomach- relacji z konkurencją, interesariuszami, organizatorami. W przyszłości wartościowe byłoby zrealizowanie badań terenowych na większej liczbie obiektów.
Skalny zapis historii rejonu Jaślisk (Beskid Niski)
Authors: Kukulak Józef , Augustowski Karol , Chmielowska Dorota
Published: January 2021

W historii rejonu Jaślisk istotny rozdział stanowi kamieniarstwo. Rozwijało się ono intensywnie już w wiekach XVI–XVII. Podstawą jego rozwoju były miejscowe piaskowce przybyszowskie. Wydobywano je przez kilka wieków na górze Kamień, ponieważ miały korzystne cechy techniczne i były łatwe do obróbki. Z nich zbudowano m.in. mury miejskie Jaślisk, kościół parafialny, wiele kamiennych kaplic i przydrożnych krzyży, piwnice na składowanie wina. Wsie Lipowiec i Czeremcha były też słynnymi w Beskidach ośrodkami kamieniarki artystycznej, zwłaszcza rzeźby ludowej. Do dziś zachowały się nieużytkowane już kamieniołomy, część obiektów dawnej zabudowy Jaślisk oraz obiekty małej architektury sakralnej. Zapisem początków działalności rolniczej w tym rejonie są drobnoziarniste osady rzeczne w terasach Jasiołki i Bełczy. Przetrwałe do dziś obiekty skalne są cennym walorem turystycznym rejonu i wymagają zwiększonej ochrony.
Instytucje i organizacje wpływające na rozwój sylwanoturystyki
Authors: Jalinik Mikołaj , Hryniewicki Bolesław
Published: January 2021

Rozwój sylwanoturystyki może być intensywniejszy przy ścisłej współpracy instytucji i organizacji na rzecz jej rozwoju. Sylwanoturystyka, jest to forma turystyki organizowana na obszarach leśnych. Taka forma wypoczynku stwarza szanse aktywizacji wielu instytucjom, jednostkom gospodarczym, a także obszarom o szczególnie wysokim stopniu zalesienia. Obszary leśne posiadają niepowtarzalne i jedyne w swoim rodzaju walory turystyczne, które powinny być wykorzystywane przez społeczeństwo, a sprawnie działające instytucje i organizacje powinny skutecznie wspierać jej rozwój. Sylwanoturystyka, jako forma wypoczynku i rekreacji musi mieć motywację do dynamicznego rozwoju, a przy tym muszą być trafnie dobrane środki promocji. Celem opracowania jest zaprezentowanie dominujących instytucji i organizacji, wspomagających procesy rozwojowe sylwanoturystyki oraz określenie ich roli i znaczenia w systemie organizacyjnym. W opracowaniu artykułu wykorzystano literaturę specjalistyczną oraz metodę obserwacji.
Kraków w przestrzeni pielgrzymkowej świata. Potencjał i perspektywy rozwoju turystyki religijnej stolicy Małopolski
Authors: Mróz Franciszek
Published: January 2021

Kraków należy do grupy najważniejszych centrów turystyki religijnej o światowym zasięgu. Tradycje pielgrzymkowe do miasta sięgają XII w. W szczytowym okresie średniowiecznego ruchu pielgrzymkowego, który przypadł na XV w. w Krakowie rejestrowano 17 loca sacra. Pod koniec XVI w., ze względu na liczne kościoły w których znajdowały się cudowne wizerunki, relikwie i groby świętych i błogosławionych, Kraków zaczęto nazywać „drugim Rzymem” (Cracovia altera Roma). Po wyborze kard. Karola Wojtyły na Stolicę Piotrową (16 października 1978 r.) rozpoczął się kolejny etap rozwoju ruchu pielgrzymkowego i turystyki religijnej do stolicy Małopolski. Zbiegł się on z wpisaniem Starego Miasta w Krakowie w 1978 r. na listę światowego dziedzictwa kulturowego i przyrodniczego UNESCO – jako jednego z pierwszych 12 obiektów na świecie. W ostatnim dwudziestoleciu w przestrzeni miejskiej Krakowa w zakresie ruchu pielgrzymkowego i turystyki religijnej zauważalne są dwa trendy: renesans kultu w średniowiecznych ośrodkach pielgrzymkowych oraz powstanie nowych ośrodków pielgrzymkowych: sanktuarium Bożego Miłosierdzia w Łagiewnikach, Centrum „Nie lękajcie się” – sanktuarium św. Jana Pawła II na Białych Morzach, sanktuarium Ecce Homo św. Brata Alberta oraz sanktuarium Matki Bożej Fatimskiej w Bieńczycach. Obecnie Kraków znany jest w całym chrześcijańskim świecie jako światowe centrum kultu Bożego Miłosierdzia, „Papieskie Miasto” – najważniejszy obok Watykanu i Wadowic ośrodek kultu św. Jana Pawła II oraz jedno z 13 miast na świecie, w których zorganizowano Światowe Dni Młodzieży (2016 r.). Współcześnie w mieście funkcjonuje ponad 30 ośrodków pielgrzymkowych. Są to przede wszystkim sanktuaria świętych i błogosławionych, a także sanktuaria maryjne z koronowanymi wizerunkami Matki Bożej. Światową rangę posiadają sanktuarium Bożego Miłosierdzia w Łagiewnikach oraz sanktuarium św. Jana Pawła II na Białych Morzach, które w ciągu roku odwiedza około 2 milionów osób. W prezentowanym opracowaniu wykazano jakie elementy decydują o międzynarodowej randze Krakowa. Na podstawie badań terenowych, wywiadów pogłębionych oraz w oparciu o Plan działań na rzecz rozwoju turystyki religijnej w Krakowie do 2020, wskazano na perspektywy rozwoju turystyki religijnej w mieście w najbliższym dziesięcioleciu.
Szlaki questingowe w obszarach miejskich na przykładzie Krakowa
Authors: Warcholik Witold
Published: January 2021

Questing uprawiany jest na świecie od połowy lat 90. XX wieku, na terenie Polski jego przykłady liczone są w setkach, a równocześnie w literaturze z zakresu turystyki pojawia się jako nowa, nowatorska, innowacyjna forma zwiedzania, edukacji regionalnej, wypoczynku, tworzenia produktu turystycznego. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę oferty krakowskich szlaków questingowych jako form zwiedzania miasta. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono próbę oceny ich atrakcyjności na podstawie zebranych opinii uczestników questu przygotowanego i udostępnionego przez autora niniejszego opracowania. Skromna reprezentacja ogólnodostępnych questów na terenie tak dużego ośrodka miejskiego i turystycznego, jakim jest Kraków, nie wpisuje się trendy światowe w zakresie liczebności i tempa tyczenia tego typu szlaków. W przypadku Krakowa nie potwierdziły się założenia metodyczne, iż głównym celem ich tworzenia jest zwrócenie uwagi na mniej popularne wśród turystów elementy dziedzictwa kulturowego i przyrodniczego. Krakowskie questy są raczej uzupełnieniem lub powieleniem istniejących znakowanych lub nieznakowanych tras, wykorzystywanych np. przez kwalifikowanych przewodników. Ulotki dostępne są prawie wyłącznie poprzez Internet, promocja metody jest ograniczona, przy znikomym zainteresowaniu ze strony podmiotów turystycznych i instytucji kultury. Badana ankietowo grupa była kolejną, której większość przedstawicieli po raz pierwszy spotkała się z tą formą turystyki. W opiniach podkreślono bezobsługowość, bezpłatność oraz walory edukacyjne i aktywizację uczestnika w czasie zwiedzania.
Kryzys gospodarczy czy referendum brexit? Wpływ międzynarodowych i krajowych wydarzeń na wyniki finansowe największych korporacji w Wielkiej Brytanii
Authors: Raźniak Piotr
Published: January 2021

W 2016 roku w referendum Brytyjczycy zadecydowali o opuszczeniu Unii Europejskiej. Celem opracowania jest określenie zmian sytuacji finansowej największych korporacji notowanych na liście Forbes Global 2000, których siedziba zarządu znajduje się na terytorium Wielkiej Brytanii w latach 2006–2018. Około ¾ z nich zlokalizowanych jest w Londynie, wobec czego przeprowadzono również bliższą analizę sytuacji finansowej firm znajdujących się w Londynie. W latach 2015–2018 nieznacznie spadła liczba siedzib zarządów zarówno w całej Wielkiej Brytanii, jak i Londynie. Również w tym czasie pogorszyły się wyniki finansowe firm, jednakże spadki były mniejsze w Londynie, niż w firmach zlokalizowanych w pozostałej części kraju. Zdecydowanie większy wpływ na liczbę firm i ich wyniki finansowe z siedzibami zarządów w Wielkiej Brytanii i w Londynie miało kryzys ekonomiczny i gospodarczy z lat 2007–2008. Mimo znaczącego spadku liczby siedzib zarządów w latach 2006–2018 są one znacznie bogatsze i potężniejsze niż przed spowolnieniem gospodarczym. Firmy operujące w skali globalnej są mniej uzależnione od rynków europejskich, natomiast bardziej wrażliwe na załamania gospodarcze w skali globalnej. Nieznaczne spadki wyników finansowych po referendum spowodowane były przez brak wiary wśród zarządzających korporacjami, że jednak dojdzie do Brexitu, co mogłoby utrudnić prowadzenie biznesu z pozostałymi krajami Unii Europejskiej.
Przestrzeń publiczna jako element tożsamości miasta (na przykładzie wybranych miast małopolski)
Authors: Borgiasz-Stepaniuk Monika
Published: January 2021

Świadomość odmienności, która tworzy tożsamość, związana jest z wieloma elementami wyodrębniającymi określoną społeczność spośród innych zbiorowości. Jednym z nich jest przestrzeń publiczna, umożliwiająca człowiekowi utożsamianie się z miejscem, gdzie fundamentem są trwałe składniki w przekształcającym się świecie.

Niniejsza publikacja poświęcona jest wybranym elementom przestrzeni publicznej, mającym wpływ na kształtowanie się tożsamości danego obszaru. W pierwszej części artykułu zaprezentowano teoretyczne i metodologiczne rozważania dotyczące pojęcia przestrzeni publicznej i tożsamości miasta. Druga część zawiera charakterystykę wybranych elementów przestrzeni publicznej, kształtujących poczucie tożsamości w trzech miastach Małopolski (Niepołomic, Myślenic i Miechowa) w opinii młodych mieszkańców. Publikacja będzie próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy miasta te posiadają swoją tożsamość. Występowanie miejsc rozpoznawalnych dla określonej zbiorowości, wpływa na wyjątkowość przestrzenną i nadaje tożsamość.
Aktywizacja uczniów poprzez projekt wycieczki geograficznokrajoznawczej „Żuławy Wiślane – znane i nieznane” w klasie siódmej szkoły podstawowej
Authors: Szubert Mariusz
Published: January 2021

W artykule przedstawiono projekt wycieczki geograficzno-krajoznawczej, która łączy edukację geograficzną z krajoznawstwem. Na tym przykładzie oparto tezę, że metoda projektu geograficzno-krajoznawczego inspiruje i aktywizuje uczniów do zdobywania wiedzy poprzez entuzjazm i pasję poznania. To powoduje, że uczeń podejmuje rolę odkrywcy, a podczas wycieczki, jako geograf i przewodnik, dzieli się wiedzą i objaśnia walory i atrakcje turystyczne. Projekt poszerza i pogłębia wiedzę z zakresu geografii regionalnej oraz historii Polski. Jego realizację przewidziano w klasie siódmej szkoły podstawowej, podczas zajęć pozalekcyjnych w ramach pracy w szkolnym kole geograficznym lub klubie krajoznawczo-turystycznym.
Pedagogical possibilities of ethno-cultural education in the process of forming students ' communication skills
Authors: Kyunkrikova Irina , Appaeva Yalman
Published: January 2021

The article discusses issues related to the formation of communicative skills in students in the process of ethnocultural education, as well as the conditions for its implementation. The authors note that ethnocultural education is a process focused on the study of ethnocultural knowledge and its practical application, which has educational value, based on ethnoculture. This provision, in their opinion, is fundamental in ensuring the unity of the national and all-Russian. The practical significance lies in the development and presentation of a program aimed at the formation of communicative skills, the content of which is built taking into account the ethnoculture.
Methodological features of the application of an integrative approach to the formation of metasubject results in teaching physics at school
Authors: Shermadina Natalia , Nemykh Olga
Published: January 2021

In accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, the pupil must master the skills of transferring and integrating knowledge (meta-subject learning outcomes). Achievement of the indicated results is possible, including in extracurricular activities, organized in a special way. The article describes the levels of integration, highlights the requirements for the organization and content of extracurricular activities in physics based on an integrated approach, describes a model of methods for organizing extracurricular activities, gives examples of the implementation of interdisciplinary integration in teaching physics at school.
Use of a Mock Week as a Novel Tool for Evaluating and Implementing Reformed Medical Curriculum at a Nascent Branch Campus
Authors: Kelp Nicole , Burgess Brittni , Chandnani Arun , Amberg Gregory , Reimer Christie , DeGroote Mary Ann , Brandenburg Suzanne
Published: January 2021

The University of Colorado School of Medicine is implementing comprehensive curricular reform designed to produce physicians with a life-long dedication to leadership, curiosity, and commitment. The new longitudinally integrated and case-based curriculum interweaves content on basic/medical sciences, clinical skills, and health systems content such as bioethics, interprofessional skills, and social determinants of health. Simultaneously, the school is forming a branch campus in partnership with nearby Colorado State University. The newly formed branch campus faculty team wanted to test delivery of the novel curriculum, practice working together as a team, and examine the practical logistics of human and physical resources at the branch campus. Herein, we describe our approach for running a Mock Week of first year of the new curriculum. This innovative methodology involved teaching a week’s worth of the new content and garnering feedback from clinician educators, medical science faculty, and students. Our observations highlight practical insights for implementing an integrated curriculum at an inaugural branch campus. Finally, we provide recommendations for using a Mock Week as a feasible and robust tool for improving and enhancing various facets of medical education.

Conflict of Interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Keywords: Curriculum reform, New branch campus, Mock Week
A Longitudinal Measure of Medical Student Empathy at a Regional Campus
Authors: Crump William J. , Ziegler Craig H. , Fricker R. Steve
Published: January 2021

Introduction
Empathy is an important characteristic of the ideal physician. Various quantitative measures of empathy have shown a steep decline during the third year of medical school.
Methods
We had 4 classes of medical students at our regional rural campus complete the Jefferson Scale of Empathy after each of the first 3 years. We report longitudinal results of 30 students, individually matched, including an analysis by gender. Separately, we report the cross-sectional results for 39 of our students as they began medical school. We compare our student scores to other allopathic and osteopathic student scores from large urban campuses. The Baptist Health Madisonville IRB approved the protocol as exempt.
Results
As they begin medical school, our students have similar scores to those at large urban campuses (difference of 1.1 points, p=.421). After the M-2 year, our students had significantly higher scores than those at urban campuses (5.7 points, p=.002) and after the M-3 year, they show an even larger positive difference (9.0 points, p<.001). As in previous publications, females had higher overall mean scores at each measure, but with our students this was only significant in post-M-2 measures (8.9 points, p=.01).
Discussion
We conclude that something about our students’ experience during their M-3 year is associated with a smaller decline in empathy measures than reported previously. We propose that some of this difference could be due to a formal professional identity curriculum we implemented recently during the M-3 year. However, without a concurrent or historical control group, we cannot be certain. We offer the concept of measuring empathy before and after curricular change as another useful evaluation tool for medical educators.
Daya Terima dan Kandungan Gizi Modisco dengan Penambahan Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Purnasari Galih , Muflihatin Indah
Published: January 2021

Jumlah balita gizi buruk di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 masih di atas target SDG, sekitar 17,7%. Modisco (Modified Dietetic Skim dan Cotton Sheet Oil) adalah makanan tambahan yang mengandung kalori tinggi untuk meningkatkan berat badan balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penambahan tepung daun kelor terhadap daya terima dan kandungan gizi modisco. Desain eksperimental yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan penambahan konsentrasi tepung daun kelor dalam empat taraf, yaiu 0%, 2,5%, 5%, dan 7,5%. Penentuan produk modisco dipilih berdasarkan  tingkat kesukaan/preferensi panelis pada uji hedonik. Secara keseluruhan, modisco dengan skor tertinggi adalah modisco dengan penambahan tepung daun kelor 2,5%. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam atribut warna, aroma, dan rasa (p = 0,00), tetapi tidak dalam atribut kekentalan (p = 0,340). Modisco terpilih dengan  penambahan bubuk daun kelor 2,5% memiliki kandungan energi, protein, zat besi, dan kalsium secara berurutan 80 kkal, 14,51 g, 6,3 g, 249 mg dalam 100 ml produk.
Literatur Review : Rapid Immunochromatography Sebagai Metode Skrining Kanker Serviks Berbasis Deteksi Onkoprotein HPV pada Urin
Authors: Sutejo Ika Rahmawati , Arieska Kiky Martha
Published: January 2021

Cervical cancer is still become main health problem especially in development country. This cancer is the second most common cancer in Indonesian women. It commonly caused by infection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18. Actually if cervical cancer was detected earlier, it shows better respond therapy than other cancers, but this opportunity is not supported by appropiate screening methods. Nowadays, pap smear and IVA are commonly used for detect cervical cancer but they only recommend for women who have had sexual intercourse. Both of them also require medical expertise and pap smear is highly cost. Based on these problem, this paper describes novel method for cervical cancer screening by using rapid immunochromatography kit which is more applicative, noninvasive, and affordable. This paper was a literature review (library research). Data obtained through the search engine using keywords: "Cervical Cancer", "HPV", "Urine", "Screening", “Lateral flow test”, and "Rapid immunochromatography". The references were taken from reliable journal in the range of 2009 to 2019. Data was also taken from textbooks and the health institution official sites which support the analysis. This method detect the presence of oncoprotein E6 & E7 of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in urinusing antigen-antibody binding principle. Sensitivity and specificity test done by comparing the results of the kit with the results of pap smear tests as a standard screening method and PCR HPV test on urinsamples. We conclude that with further protocol development and standardization to achieve clinical sensitivity, this kit is a solution for noninvasive detection of high risk cervical cancer so that treatment can be do immediately and the mortality rate due to cervical cancer can be reduced as much as possible.
Analisis Kluster Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Tasman Ros diana , Wibowo Arief , Indawati Rachmah , Elisanti Alinea Dwi
Published: January 2021

Malnutrition is still a major problem in Indonesia. Stunting (short stature) is a form of malnutrition in which a very short and short stature exceeds a 2 SD deficit below the median length or height of the population. The prevalence of short and very short toddlers nationally according to Riskesdas 2018 reaches 30.8%. The incidence of stunting in East Kalimantan Province in 2017 reached 30.86%, but there is no area categorization based on the prevalence of stunting in each Public Health Service (PHS). It is need to conduct the reseacrh to cluster the incidence of stunting based on other health parameters. The unit analysis of this study was 187 PHS in East Kalimantan Province, the data source was obtained from the Health Profile of the East Kalimantan Province, the data analysis used K-mean cluster with alpha 5%. The determination of the cluster is based on the incidence of stunting, LBW, Exclusive Breastfeeding and Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) in East Kalimantan Province. The results showed that there were 3 PHS clusters in East Kalimantan Province. Cluster 1 consists of 77 PHS with low incidence rates of stunting and LBW of 18.1% and 7.13%, cluster 2 consists of 109 PHS with low rates of stunting and LBW namely 8.04% and 2.7%, while cluster 3 consisted of 1 PHS with incidence of stunting, LBW and CBI above the total average, namely 15.2%, 12.5% and 323.8%. The highest incidence of stunting is at PHS Cluster 1 wich having a low coverage of Exclusive breasfeeding and CBI. It is more influenced by the topography of the Kutai Kartanegara area, where several areas are located on the coast and inland so the health workers get difficulties in accessing the community because they have to be reached by sea, river and lake.
The Effect of Opening Size and Location on the Performance of Reinforced Concrete T-Beams under Pure Torque
Authors: Abdulrahman Mazin B. , Al-Jaberi Layth A. , Hasan Saba S.
Published: January 2021

IN modern buildings, transverse openings are often used in order to pass the pipes of health services, electrical cables or air conditioning ducts and other prepuce. The presence of these openings leads to a weakening of the beam so it must work to investigate the behavior of these beams in order to know how the presence of openings affects beam resistance. In this research, the behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams with circular openings exposed to pure torsional moment is studied. The experimental program involves testing of five beams with same dimensions and reinforcements. One of them is solid beam and used as reference for comparison with other beams with an opening and the other four T- beams containing circular openings of deferent dimension(100 and 150) and location(Lc/2 and Lc/3). Practical results show that the T-beam with circular openings of diameter (100mm) with different locations (Lc/2 and Lc/3), where Lc is the clear span of the beam, have an ultimate torsional capacity lower than that for solid beam by about (23% and 30%) respectively. The increase of the openings size causes a significant decrease in torsional capacity, where the beams with circular openings of diameter (150mm) with different locations (Lc/2 and Lc/3) have an ultimate torsional capacity lower than that for solid beam by about (56 % and 61%) respectively. Practical results show also that the presence of circular openings with diameter of 47% and 71% from the total depth increases the angle of twist significantly as compared with reference beam for the same applied torque level.
Evaluation of Damage Index for RC Frames with Irregular Geometrical Shape Subjected to Blast Loads
Authors: Alaaraji Riyadh M. M. , Kashmola Sofyan Y. A.
Published: January 2021

The present research focuses on studying the effect of architectural shape of reinforced concrete frames resulting from irregularity of geometrical shape of building frame. The reinforced concrete Frame, consisting of eight storey and three bays, was designed by the American Code ACI-14. SAP2000 (V.20) software was used for the purposes of design, analysis, of the structural response for behavior elasto-plastic under the effect of blast loading, through a number of variables, including the maximum displacement and plastic deformations at the tip of structure, number and status of plastic hinges formed, and damage index. The interaction diagram between axial force and bending moment was adopted as a yield surface to undergo the transition from elastic to plastic behavior for the columns, while the design yield moment was defined as a yield criterion for beams. The accumulated plasticity (Plastic hinge) at the ends of structural element was used to simulate the elasto-plastic behavior . Irregularity and unsymmetrical form of frame structure have a significant effect on increasing the deformations and plastic displacements in the elements more than 40% and increasing the damage index in structure more than 18%, that is calculated on the basis of dissipated energy by plastic deformations. The distance between centers of Mass (C.M.) and Stiffness (C.S.) significantly affects the response of structure, where the plastic deformations of structural elements are in the least damage zone in case of convergence between two centers, compared to other cases of heterogeneity irregularity of geometrical shape of structure that results in diverging of these centers.
Comparison with Standard as an Efficiency Evaluation Approach for the Forced Invariance Method
Authors: Demin Nikita G.
Published: January 2021

The Forced Invariance Method (FIM) is a vegetation suppression algorithm for multispectral images which is of great interest since it uses statistics collected only from the pixels of the image itself. Due to this a priori spectral characteristics of the captured objects are not required. For using the FIM or its modification in practice it is necessary to have some way to evaluate algorithm efficiency in order to analyze the results of experiments. This paper presents the method designed to solve this problem.
Presumably, it is suitable for evaluating various algorithms, such as those designed to suppress vegetation. The proposed method is based on the idea of comparing a processed image with its standard using the similarity measure.
Some Aspects of Three-Dimensional Spherical and Elliptical Spaces Visualization
Authors: Migranov Denis I.
Published: January 2021

In this paper we examine methods and algorithms for visualizing three-dimensional non-Euclidean spherical and elliptical spaces with a first-person view, from insider’s perspective: we propose an algorithm for implementing camera controls in such spaces, address an approach to visualizing properties of such spaces based on matrix and vector operations which enables us to perform some of the computations necessary for the visualization on GPUs using graphics APIs, describe an implementation of fog effects in such spaces for the purpose of simplifying navigation in them. An implementation of these approaches and algorithms that is intended for visualizing dynamic scenes in such spaces is presented.
Fatores determinantes na caracterização da leptospirose como doença negligenciada: revisão integrativa
Authors: Lacerda Francielly Baêta , Pereira Paula Schwenck , Protti Lúcia Meirelles Lobão
Published: January 2021

As doenças negligenciadas englobam as patologias que estão presentes nas populações com poucos recursos financeiros. O artigo aborda sobre a leptospirose, sendo essa uma enfermidade infecciosa sistêmica com transmissão, principalmente, por meio do contato com a urina de roedores. O objetivo foi revisar aspectos da leptospirose que possam caracterizá-la como doença negligenciada. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão integrativa através da busca de artigos nos bancos de dados da SciELO e PubMed, e coleta de informações secundárias, sendo dados obtidos através da plataforma do SINAN. A análise dos resultados demonstra que a leptospirose é uma doença prevalente no Brasil e a população mais acometida pela doença é aquela que possui uma baixa renda. Foram comparados os casos da leptospirose com a dengue (uma doença considerada como negligenciada) e verificado que apesar da dengue ter um maior número de caso, a leptospirose apresenta um maior número de óbitos. Em suma, a leptospirose deve ser incluída como uma doença negligenciada, pois de acordo com a Lei 13.930/19 o percentual dos recursos do Programa de Fomento à Pesquisa da Saúde deve ser aplicado para intervenções essas doenças, logo essa patologia necessita de uma maior visibilidade para ser reduzida na população.
A randomized comparative study of the efficacy of topical latanoprost versus topical betamethasone diproprionate lotion in the treatment of localized alopecia areata
Authors: Bhat Sonali , Handa Sanjeev , De Dipankar
Published: January 2021

Background:

Topical corticosteroids are the standard therapy for the treatment of alopecia areata. Recently, topical latanoprost has been found effective in the treatment of eyelash alopecia areata.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical latanoprost ophthalmic solution (group 1) with that of topical betamethasone diproprionate lotion (group 2) in the treatment of localized alopecia areata.

Methods:

This was a single-centre, randomized, two-armed, parallel-group efficacy trial. Fifty consecutive patients with localized alopecia areata were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either topical latanoprost 0.005% ophthalmic solution or topical betamethasone diproprionate 0.05% lotion. Of these 50 patients, 44 patients (21 in group 1 and 23 in group 2) completed the treatment protocol.

Results:

The percentage reduction in area involved with alopecia areata at 16 weeks (primary outcome) was lower in latanoprost vs. betamethasone group (median [interquartile range], 11.1 [0–99.1] vs. 100% [13.6–100], P = 0.02). Significantly lesser patients in the latanoprost group had a complete response to treatment as compared to the betamethasone group (6 [24%] vs. 14 [56%], P = 0.02). The median (interquartile range) hair regrowth score was significantly lower in the latanoprost vs. the betamethasone group (1 [0–4.5] vs. 5 [1–5], P = 0.02). Subjects in the betamethasone group showed a more rapid reduction in the involved area.

Limitations:

Short duration of treatment and follow-up were limitations of this study.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that topical latanoprost 0.005% ophthalmic solution is less effective but safer than topical betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% lotion in the treatment of localized alopecia areata (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02350023).
Using a Genetic Algorithm to Find Molecules with Good Docking Scores
Authors: Steinmann Casper , Jensen Jan H.
Published: January 2021

A graph-based genetic algorithm (GA) is used to identify molecules (ligands) with high absolute docking scores as estimated by the Glide software, starting from randomly chosen molecules from the ZINC database, for four different targets: Bacillus subtilis chorismate mutase (CM), human β2-adrenergic G protein-coupled receptor (β2AR), the DDR1 kinase domain (DDR1), and β-cyclodextrin (BCD). By the combined use of functional group filters and a score modifier based on a heuristic synthetic accessibility (SA) score our approach identifies between ca 500 and 6000 structurally diverse molecules with scores better than known binders by screening a total of 400,000 molecules starting from 8000 randomly selected molecules from the ZINC database. Screening 250,000 molecules from the ZINC database identifies significantly more molecules with better docking scores than known binders, with the exception of CM, where the conventional screening approach only identifies 60 compounds compared to 511 with GA+Filter+SA. In the case of β2AR and DDR1 the GA+Filter+SA approach finds significantly more molecules with docking scores lower than -9.0 and -10.0. The GA+Filters+SA docking methodology is thus effective in generating a large and diverse set of synthetically accessible molecules with very good docking scores for a particular target. An early incarnation of the GA+Filter+SA approach was used to identify potential binders to the COVID-19 main protease and submitted to the early stages of the COVID Moonshot project, a crowd-sourced initiative to accelerate the development of a COVID antiviral.
High Electrical Conductivity in Three-Dimensional Porphyrin-Phosphonate Metal Organic-Frameworks
Authors: Zorlu Yunus , Tholen Patrik , Ayhan Mehmet Menaf , Bayraktar Ceyda , Hanna Gabriel , Yazaydin A. Ozgur , Yavuzcetin Ozgur , Yücesan Gündoğ
Published: January 2021

Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a highly electrically conductive and microporous three-dimensional zinc-phosphonate metal-organic framework [Zn(Cu-p-H4TPPA)] ⋅2 (CH3)2NH2+ (designated as GTUB3), constructed using the 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis [p‐phenylphosphonic acid] porphyrin (p-H8TPPA) organic linker. GTUB3 has an indirect band gap of 1.64 eV and a high average electrical conductivity of 4 S/m, making it a rare example of an electrically conductive zinc metal-organic framework. The N2-accessible geometric surface area of GTUB3, as predicted by molecular simulations, is 671 m2/g. Owing to its simple, high-yield synthesis at low temperatures, porosity, and electrical conductivity, GTUB3 may be used as a low-cost electrode material in next generation phosphonate-supercapacitors.
Design of Fluorescent Bentonite/Carbon Dots Nanomaterial for Lead Removal
Authors: Jlassi Khouloud , Ahmed Abdelgalil Khalaf , Farhan Doaa Fadhel , Abdullah Aboubakr M. , Chehimi Mohamed , Krupa Igor
Published: January 2021

This work describes the preparation of novel fluorescent bentonite clay (BP), modified with carbon quantum dots nanomaterials (CDs), and its usage as lead removal platform, the CDs was prepared using graphitic waste serving as carbon source material via hydrothermal method, and the as obtained CDs were found to be fluorescent, in spherical shape, positively charged and smaller than 5 nm. Encouraged by their structure and photoluminescence feature, they were used hereafter as intercalants or surface modifiers, in order to make fluorescent bentonite nanocomposites. Bentonite was used as negatively charged model of aluminosilicate and reacted with the positively charged CDs. Interestingly, CDs were found to intercalate bentonite as judged from XRD patterns, and TEM. Indeed, the basal distance of bentonite clay d(001) shifted from 1.2 nm to 2.9 nm, after bentonite modification using the prepared carbon dots; moreover the XRD pattern of BP-CDs recorded in the some regions show some additional diffraction peaks along with those for bentonite. The peaks centered at 2Ѳ =27 degree allocated to the facets of graphitic-like carbon, originated from the introduced carbon dots inside bentonite galleries. The prepared materials were characterized by XPS, FTIR and fluorescence analysis. The obtained results indicate that CDs were successfully intercalated inside bentonite matrix and found to be stable over time. The BP-CD nanocomposites were finally used as efficient hybrid platform for led removal with and extraction efficiently of 95% under light condition, room temperature under alkaline conditions and after only 10 min of reaction.
Incidence and severity of pertussis hospitalisations in infants aged less than 1 year in 37 hospitals of six EU/EEA countries, results of PERTINENT sentinel pilot surveillance system, December 2015 to December 2018
Authors: Merdrignac Lore , Aït El Belghiti Fatima , Pandolfi Elisabetta , Jané Mireia , Murphy Jane , Fabiánová Kateřina , García Cenoz Manuel , Flem Elmira , Guillot Sophie , Tozzi Alberto E , Carmona Gloria , Habington Adele , Zavadilová Jana , Navasués Ana , Bøås Håkon , Lévy-Brühl Daniel , Ferretti Beatrice , Lanaspa Miguel , O’Sullivan Niam , Křížová Pavla , Fernandino Leticia , Bekkevold Terese , Hanslik Thomas , Muñoz-Almagro Carmen , Bacci Sabrina , Spiteri Gianfranco , Valenciano Marta , Moren Alain ,   PERTINENT Group
Published: January 2021

Introduction

PERTINENT is a pilot active surveillance system of infants hospitalised with pertussis in six European Union/European Economic Area countries (37 hospitals, seven sites).

Aim

This observational study aimed to estimate annual pertussis incidence per site from 2016 to 2018 and respective trends between 2017 and 2018. Pertussis cases were described, including their severity.

Methods

We developed a generic protocol and laboratory guidelines to harmonise practices across sites. Cases were hospitalised infants testing positive for Bordetella pertussis by PCR or culture. Sites collected demographic, clinical, laboratory data, vaccination status, and risk/protective factors. We estimated sites’ annual incidences by dividing case numbers by the catchment populations.

Results

From December 2015 to December 2018, we identified 469 cases (247 males; 53%). The median age, birthweight and gestational age were 2.5 months (range: 0–11.6; interquartile range (IQR): 2.5), 3,280 g (range: 700–4,925; IQR: 720) and 39 weeks (range: 25–42; IQR: 2), respectively. Thirty cases (6%) had atypical presentation either with cough or cyanosis only or with absence of pertussis-like symptoms. Of 330 cases with information, 83 (25%) were admitted to intensive care units including five deceased infants too young to be vaccinated. Incidence rate ratios between 2018 and 2017 were 1.43 in Czech Republic (p = 0.468), 0.25 in Catalonia (p = 0.002), 0.71 in France (p = 0.034), 0.14 in Ireland (p = 0.002), 0.63 in Italy (p = 0.053), 0.21 in Navarra (p = 0.148) and zero in Norway.

Conclusions

Incidence appeared to decrease between 2017 and 2018 in all but one site. Enhanced surveillance of hospitalised pertussis in Europe is essential to monitor pertussis epidemiology and disease burden.
Printable Table of Contents. JITE: IIP, Volume 20, 2021
Authors: Cheong Christopher
Published: January 2021

Table of Contents of the Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice, Volume 20, 2021
MANUEL CORREIA DE ANDRADE E A ECONOMIA POLÍTICA DO NORDESTE
Authors: Cavalho Cícero Perícles De Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Este artigo pretende apresentar a contribuição teórica de Manuel Correia de Andrade à análise econômica da região Nordeste. Com uma obra numerosa – livros, artigos, relatórios e entrevistas – elaborada em mais de meio século de atividade intelectual, Manuel Correia foi o mais importante estudioso do “mosaico nordestino”. Neste trabalho, a obra do pesquisador é dividida em três partes para efeito de exposição: a) o conjunto dos livros didáticos, construído entre 1952 e 1963; b) o livro A Terra e o Homem no Nordeste (1963), seu trabalho mais conhecido, e um marco na economia política da região; c) e o conjunto de seus livros de análise regional, escritos nos anos posteriores, quando dá prosseguimento aos seus estudos sobre o Nordeste.
O RIO, A FRONTEIRA E O URBANO COMO ELEMENTOS DEFINIDORES DA CIDADE DE BOA VISTA - RORAIMA
Authors: Silva Paulo Rogério De Freitas
Published: January 2021

Iniciamos destacando que Boa Vista, localizada às margens do rio Branco e aos pés da serra Grande possui o significado de um lugar impregnado de categorias formadas a partir da materialidade desse espaço. Esse lugar moldou o setentrional amazônico pela sua unicidade e importância, pois é lá onde os movimentos ocorreram e ocorrem, com sua pluralidade, com seus diferentes povos. Não se trata de uma cidade amnésica, pois, Boa Vista tem responsabilidade e responde pela estruturação e organização de Roraima, seja como território ou estado. A sua influência ultrapassa os limites territoriais do estado e do Brasil, alcançando a Venezuela e a República Cooperativista da Guiana nas suas margens, ultrapassando as barreiras burocráticas, desempenhando um papel de destaque como articuladora entre o internacional, o nacional, o regional e o local, como destaca Silva (2007). É a capital da Guiana Brasileira, da ponta de lança que se insere entre a Venezuela e a República Cooperativista da Guiana. E é o seu significado no contexto regional fronteiriço Brasil – Venezuela – Guiana que buscamos alcançar. Acrescentamos que essa análise busca verificar as singularidades que se apresentam nessa fronteira, como um processo diferenciado de ocupação e povoação do restante da região amazônica.
ANÁLISE DOS PERFIS LONGITUDINAIS DOS RIOS SIRINHAEM, UNA E MUNDAU (PE/AL) A PARTIR DA APLICAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE HACK
Authors: Monteiro Kleython De Araújo , Corrêa Antônio Carlos De Barros
Published: January 2021

A relação entre drenagem e dinâmica geomorfológica não é recente e a quantificação de dados morfométricos vem se consolidando como uma importante ferramenta na análise das formas de relevo. Deste modo, a presente pesquisa utilizou-se do parâmetro morfométrico conhecido como Índice de Hack (IH) para identificar setores anômalos em três cursos fluviais: os canais principais dos rios Sirinhaém, Una e Mundaú. As drenagens se encontram na borda oriental do maciço da Borborema e suas análises permitem estabelecer a existência ou não de superfícies topográficas nas bacias das respectivas drenagens. Este método também foi efetivo ao identificar rupturas de patamares, no qual podemos traçar uma relação direta entre estas rupturas e as estruturas condicionantes das formas de relevo, quantificando as anomalias identificadas.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO SETOR SOJÍFERO BRASILEIRO, PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL E TENDÊNCIAS DE DESNACIONALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Corrêa Domingos Sávio
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho procura evidenciar a desnacionalização do setor sojífero no Brasil, bem como apresentar o histórico de algumas das grandes empresas participantes da sua cadeia de produção, e também aspectos relacionados ao processo de fusões e aquisições ocorrido no Brasil no período recente e intensificado nos anos da década de 1990. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se, portanto, uma caracterização do setor sojífero brasileiro, sua produção e investimentos na produção de biodiesel no Brasil. Algumas das empresas participam e possuem investimentos em todos os setores mencionados: soja, biodiesel e sucroalcooleiro. Algumas das empresas estudadas foram as Cooperativas Coamo, Carol e Comigo; a empresa Caramuru Alimentos S.A., de capital nacional, e as empresas estrangeiras: Bunge Alimentos, Cargill, ADM, LDC e Grupo Maeda (adquirido pela Cargill).
O ADVENTO DO URBANO NO VALE DO RIO BRANCO: GÊNESE E FORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Authors: Silva Paulo Rogério De Freitas
Published: January 2021

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a dinâmica territorial urbana da Amazônia brasileira, tendo como suporte um estudo de caso apoiado no estado de Roraima, a fim de entender esse movimento numa região de fronteira. Acrescentamos que essa apreciação busca verificar as singularidades que se apresentam nessa fronteira, como um processo diferenciado de ocupação e povoação do restante da região amazônica. Um estudo dessa natureza, em que se define a necessidade de examinar a dinâmica territorial urbana de Roraima, apresenta-se com a seguinte finalidade: buscar entender a origem e a constituição do urbano, através do princípio de ocupação nos séculos, XVII e XVIII, da atividade pecuária nos séculos XVIII, XIX e XX e da formação do lugar Boa Vista, que desencadeia a organização territorial do presente, como uma capital da última fronteira.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO E HIERARQUIZAÇÃO DE ÁREAS QUE CONCENTRAM POPULAÇÃO JOVEM VULNERÁVEL À VIOLÊNCIA LETAL NO ESTADO DE ALAGOAS, BRASIL, 2004/2012
Authors: Barroso Carlos Mauricio Rocha , Ferreira Neto José Vicente
Published: January 2021

A violência tem sido apontada como um problema importante, e crescente, de saúde pública no mundo. Tal problema agrava-se, por serem os jovens, atualmente, as maiores vítimas. Este trabalho utiliza a Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais objetivando identificar e hierarquizar áreas vulneráveis à violência letal juvenil no estado de Alagoas - primeiro no ranking brasileiro para as taxas de homicídio de jovens de 2006/2012. A partir de dados secundários, período 2004/2012, foram calculadas as taxas de homicídio juvenis trienalmente para os 102 municípios alagoanos. Verificou-se que há autocorrelação espacial para as taxas, entre os municípios, pois os coeficientes I de Moran Global foram positivos e significativos nos triênios. Através do coeficiente I de Moran Local, visualizado pelo Box Map e Moran Map, foi possível identificar clusters significativos (p<0,05), caracterizados como Alto-Alto. Desses clusters, seis municípios apresentaram estabilidade temporal, tornando-se municípios prioritários para implementação de ações de monitoramento e controle.
AS CIDADES GÊMEAS NA FRONTEIRA BRASIL – REPÚBLICA COOPERATIVISTA DA GUIANA
Authors: Silva Paulo Rogério De Freitas
Published: January 2021

Esse artigo busca apresentar o processo de conurbação entre as cidades de Bonfim no estado de Roraima e a cidade de Lethem na República Cooperativista da Guiana. Com esse objetivo, nos amparamos no conceito de conurbação, já que o mesmo, se torna obrigatório, quando a urbanização redefine os espaços terrestres, aproximando aglomerados urbanos nos mais diferentes recantos da terra. Destacamos que há uma aproximação das manchas urbanas desses dois lugares, impulsionados por diversos processos determinantes, entre eles, a construção da ponte sobre o rio Tacutu, que substitui a antiga forma de trafego realizado entre as duas cidades, através de pequenos barcos e um precário sistema de “balsas”, para o transporte de veículos. A instalação da Área de Livre Comércio ALC e do Posto da Receita Federal em Bonfim e o crescimento do comércio praticado em Lethem, também, vem impulsionando o crescimento das duas cidades. Essa fronteira, definida como espaço remoto, fronteira isolada, fronteira exótica, a última fronteira, é hoje, também, uma das áreas mais estratégicas quanto à localização em toda a Amazônia Ocidental, tanto em aspectos geopolíticos, militares, como principalmente econômicos, impulsionando também, esse processo de conturbação, justificando uma reflexão sobre a mesma.
A ELABORAÇÃO DE PLANOS DIRETORES EM CIDADES PEQUENAS: REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS LIMITES E PERSPECTIVAS AO DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL
Authors: Marisco Luciane Maranha De Oliveira
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta alguns resultados da elaboração dos Planos Diretores dos municípios de Campestre, Flexeiras, Jacuípe e Jundiá no estado de Alagoas, apontando para a reflexão do papel do planejamento urbano nas políticas públicas de desenvolvimento local. A metodologia de elaboração destes Planos Diretores teve como pressuposto teórico/metodológico o que dispõe o Estatuto da Cidade (2001) e o Guia “Plano Diretor Participativo: guia para elaboração pelos municípios e cidadãos do Ministério das Cidades” (2004). Os resultados geraram um diagnóstico destes municípios, e subsidiou a elaboração de diretrizes de desenvolvimento local e de planejamento urbano a curto, médio e longo prazo. Contudo, revelou também as dificuldades que se colocam a implantação de um processo de planejamento urbano em municípios de pequeno porte, com elevados índices de pobreza urbana e estagnação econômica.