bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge for Evidence-based Economic Policy: Supply and Demand
Authors: Shastitko Andrey
Published: June 2022

Based on the idea of a positive relationship between the growth of scientific economic knowledge and economic development, through the prism of the types of discourse in which Russian researchers are involved, the issue of barriers to building an effective system of economic science management, which is necessary for evidence-based economic policy, is discussed. It is necessary for evidence-based economic policy. The first type of discourse is intradisciplinary and is associated with the interaction of various research programs. The second and third types of discourse – internal and external - have a geographical dimensionand reflect the target audience and the research agenda. Some principles are formulated on the basis of which an effective system of management of Russian economic science in terms of the content of ongoing research can be built. The features, comparative advantages and failures of the Coasean approach in economic research are noted in the context of developing recommendations for economic policy in the light of the interaction of competence centers with government bodies.
Digitization of Industry: Barriers to the Creation of Artificial Intelligence and Proposals for Overcoming Them
Authors: Osadchuk Evgeny
Published: June 2022

The article, based on a series of studies conducted in 2021 by ANO “Digital Economy”, discusses the problems of digitalization of industry in Russia. The main goal of the conducted research is to find out how actively Russian companies use digital technologies, in particular, technologies related to artificial intelligence. The study covered several industries: woodworking industry, light industry, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, military-industrial complex, medical equipment production, production of socially important goods, pharmaceutical industry, chemical and petrochemical industry, electronic and microelectronic industry. Theobtained results show that a significant part of the companies almost does not use artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The main barriers to the widespread use of AI in industry are also listed: these are infrastructure problems, a lack of qualified personnel, problems with data for AI, poor popularization of AI, and low return of investments of AI-using technologies. In conclusion, recommendations are given to overcome the identified barriers in the industrial sector.
International Scientific Cooperation – Approaches to the Analysis of the Situation
Authors: Shepelev Gennady
Published: June 2022

The directions of analysis of international cooperation in science are considered including access to foreign financing, access to modern scientific equipment, exchange of ideas, access to potential customers for R&D, independent examination of scientific results and the organization of scientific research management. The analysis of approaches to the organization of international cooperation in science under sanctions pressure is given and proposals for priority actions in this matter are formulated: clarification of priorities for theorganization of scientific research; development of scientific instrumentation and production of consumables for scientific research; provision of access to foreign scientific and technical information; organization of presentation of the results of Russian scientific research primarily for Russian consumers of information.
Turning the Pages of History
Authors: Toshenko Zhan
Published: June 2022

The article highlights the experience of the first years of the creation of Soviet science in the conditions of revolutionary upheavals and Russian civil war. It is noted that, despite the difficult internal and international situation of Soviet Russia, in the early 1920s 33 new research institutes were already operating, including those that would become the glory of Russian science in the future - the Institute of Brain and Mental Activity, the Institute of Experimental Biology, the Institute for the Study of the North. Along with laying the foundations for Soviet science, there was an intensive formation of a new - Soviet - scientific and technical intelligentsia, which was achieved through a radical change in the structure of higher education, the classand national composition of students, training personnel for work in various sectors of the national economy, science, culture. It is with the activity of Soviet scientists that the creation of such branches of the national economy that ensured the autonomy and independence of the USSR economy from world capitalism is connected: mechanical engineering and machine tool building, aircraft building. The most direct participation of scientists was manifested in the creation of a metallurgical complex in the Urals (Magnitogorsk), the coal mining industry (Kuzbass), in the creation of automobile factories in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod, tractorfactories in Stalingrad, Chelyabinsk, and Minsk. Thus, the Soviet experience of creating a scientific and technological sphere in the most difficult conditions of the revolutionary crisis and civil war turned out to be successful. It was precisely the understanding of the role and significance of science for solving current and especially promising tasks that became one of the foundations for the victory of the socialist transformation of the country.
Good survival of broadleaf tree species in a four-year-old plantation in the Slovenian Karst
Authors: Škrk Nina , Jarni Kristjan , Brus Robert
Published: June 2022

Six broadleaf tree species (Celtis australis L. – Mediterranean hackberry, Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. – sessile oak, Fagus sylvatica L. – European beech, Prunus avium L. – wild cherry, Juglans regia L. – Persian walnut and Acer pseudoplatanus L. – sycamore maple) were planted in 2012 in a trial in the Slovenian Karst on two sites differing in productivity to test their suitability for use in the conversion of old pine stands into ecologically more stable broadleaf forests and to investigate their possible response to the harsher growth conditions predicted in the future. The selected economically interesting tree species have higher timber quality than broadleaves which regenerate naturally (e.g., Ostrya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Quercus cerris). Measurements were taken in 2017, after four growth seasons. All planted species except Fagus sylvatica had a high survival rate. In total, 70% of all seedlings survived, which shows promising potential. The survival rate was higher at the site on flat terrain than at the site on a slope. Prunus avium was the most successful of all planted species in terms of survival rate, at 83%, and other measured parameters (height, height increment, stem diameter, vitality and quality), and Fagus sylvatica was the least successful, with a survival rate of only 20%. Celtis australis had the highest survival rate, at 87%. Acer pseudoplatanus had the largest differences in measured parameters between the more and less productive sites among all planted species. Quercus petraea showed high resistance to xeric conditions and is expected to be the most successful in conversions. All planted species except Fagus sylvatica show favourable initial potential for the future conversion of Karst pine forests.
El discurso de odio anti-género en las redes sociales como violencia contra las mujeres y como discurso de odio
Authors: Igareda González Noelia
Published: June 2022

El artículo aborda el problema de los discursos de odio anti género emitidos por partidos políticos que cada vez más proliferan por las redes sociales. Suponen un conflicto de derechos fundamentales entre la libertad de expresión, la liber­tad ideológica, la libertad de comunicación, el pluralismo político, y el derecho a la igualdad, el derecho al honor, a la intimidad y a la propia imagen y a la dignidad humana. El marco legal aplicable varía desde la tipificación penal de los discursos de odio en los casos más graves, pasando por la ausencia de in­tervención alguna en contextos virtuales, o dependiendo de empresas privadas propietarias de estas redes sociales. Finalmente se analizan estos discursos de odio anti género como formas de violencia contra las mujeres que requieren la intervención del Estado, y la actividad legislativa para garantizar los derechos fundamentales en juego.
Por un 're-conocimiento' del Derecho
Authors: Robertazzi Mariella
Published: June 2022

Las frecuentes crisis del sistema penal han incrementado el uso de métodos ex­trajudiciales e informales de respuesta al delito. Uno de los principales ejem­plos es la justicia restaurativa, cuyos programas hacen referencia a algunos conceptos clave como: escucha, diálogo, empatía, confianza, reconocimiento. Sin embargo estos aspectos se encuentran ante todo en lo que podría definirse como una noción “global” de Derecho, no reducida a su dimensión autoritaria y coercitiva. Utilizando la categoría del reconocimiento, el presente trabajo in­tenta hacer énfasis sobre la naturaleza relacional del individuo que constituye la premisa necesaria para la existencia del derecho. A este respecto, el debate ac­tual sobre la justicia restaurativa puede representar una oportunidad adicional para volver a discutir críticamente una visión excluyente y reduccionista del Derecho.
Nuria Belloso Martín (dir.), Rafael mario Iorio Filho y Adriano Moura da Fonseca Pinto (coords.), Sociedad plural y nuevos retos del Derecho
Authors: Carrizo Aguado David
Published: June 2022

Este artículo reseña: Nuria BELLOSO MARTÍN (Dir.), Rafael Mario IORIO FILHO y Adriano MOURA DA FONSECA PINTO (Coords.), Sociedad plural y nuevos retos del derecho, Aranzadi Thomson Reuters, 2021, 603 pp.
Numerical Analysis of Masonry-In filled Reinforced Concrete Frames
Authors: AL-Shaikh Ibrahim , Falah Nabil
Published: June 2022

Analytical studies have been conducted to investigate the performance of masonry infill reinforced concrete frames under in-plane lateral loading. In this paper, the experimental results were summarized in concisely, and a constitutive model is presented for the modeling masonry units, mortar, and the masonry units/mortar interface in general. 3D finite element models of reinforced concrete frames have been constructed by ABAQUS software. The concrete damaged plasticity model provided by ABAQUS is used to simulate the behavior of concrete. A comparison was performed between the numerical modeling results and the experimental results, to verify that the finite element models in ABAQUS are capable of simulating similar behavior to experimental models. There is good agreements between experimental and numerical results
Low Cost Microcontroller Based TIC TAC TOE Game.
Authors: Al Wesabi Mohammed , Saif Eiad , AL Kustaban Ameen
Published: June 2022

TIC TAC TOE is a commonly traditional game in Yemen, which consists of two players. One of the player chooses a cell of the game and puts an X mark in the chosen cell while the second player chooses another cell and puts an O mark in this second cell. The purpose of the paper is to transport this commonly traditional game to modern electronic game to get along with modern electronic world. The modern electronic game is important to countryside children’s, so that they can play the game safely without incurring diseases. It also aims to offer children an opportunity to deal with cheap modern techniques. The game designed in this paper is based on the microcontroller (PIC16f877A).
An Outage Probability in Cooperative MIMO Under Slow Fading Channel
Authors: Alsamawi Motea , Almawgani A. H. M , Al-Arashi Waled Hussein
Published: June 2022

Slow fading channel one of the most important channels which appears widely in cellular mobile system. Although, it has several problems such as bad effects of fading which cause an attenuation to the signal. This paper presents a new scheme in cooperative communication system under slow fading channel to enhance and increase the quality of communication systems performance. This new scheme is called a cooperative multiple input–multiple output Antenna. The main idea of this scheme depends on transmitting multi copy of message via tow paths. Its' performance has compared with MIMO technique in term of outage probability. Thus, the negative effects of fading are mitigated and the outage probability is enhanced. Furthermore, the reliability in communication system under slow fading channel has improved.
Numerical Simulation on Conventional Ventilation System for Hospital Operating Room
Authors: Saif Eiad , Al-Nehari Hamoud A. , Asaad Abdul Raqib Abdo
Published: June 2022

Communities in the poor countries suffer from poor quality of health services. In the Republic of Yemen as one of those countries, some hospitals especially medium and small suffer of many problems which adversely affect health community life. This paper presents a case study conducted in a hospital operating room in Yemen, also computational fluids dynamics (CFD) analysis of the airflow, and temperature distribution are presented and discussed. The operating room model includes a patient lying on an operating table, four surgical staff, two air supply and four air exhausts. Results of simulation show a good agreement with experimental data from the literature and adopted standard. It is found that the airflow and air velocity significantly affects the thermal comfort of all workers in the operating room. Therefore, the air that enters the operating room is very importance and affects the room temperature. It is observed that the application of CFD in hospitals will give rise to design the internal environment and improved health outcomes especially in a country like Yemen.
Analytical Study of Path Loss in Radio Wave Propagation Models of the GSM Cellular Communications Networks in the City of Sana'a
Authors: الهذيلي محمد احمد احمد , الشدادي محمد محسن , البشة عبدالباسط محمد
Published: June 2022

The rapid growth of wireless communication technologies has increased the importance of a proper network planning. Before the actual installation of the network and to ensure that the network is adequately covered, network designers rely heavily on wave propagation models, which are a set of mathematical expressions, and graphs derived from comprehensive field measurements and it is used to represent radio wave properties of a particular environment. The research aims to find a mathematical model to predict the propagation path loss of radio waves in Sana'a city for the appropriate planning of cellular communication systems. In this sense, the researcher applied a practical study to the city of Sana'a by taking three cells (base station) in three different regions (urban and suburban areas and the open area). The research focuses on three stages (the stage of measurements, the stage of analysis and the stage of analysis and comparison). In the results, we obtained three values for path loss constants a and c for the three regions, through which we obtain the logarithmic curves, which in turn has been transformed into mathematical models to be used as a reference for radio planning engineers in the city of Sana'a, the capital of the Republic of Yemen.
Urbanization and Its Impact on Urban Poor Housing Policies Based on Some Experiences of Third World Countries
Authors: الذبحاني بلال ردمان علي , المذحجي محمد أحمد سلام
Published: June 2022

Many third world countries have experienced a process of rapid urbanization. The rapid rural–urban migration and the lack of proactive planning have resulted in the expansion of slums and squatter settlements inhabited by low-income and the poor, excessive house rents and poor or total absence of infrastructural facilities. The problem more recently exacerbated in most cities of the third world as a result of the failure of governments to respond adequately to the urban development challenges by adopting adequate housing policies to the urban poor. This paper focuses on the study of urbanization and the impact of poverty and deprived urban living conditions on urban areas. It aims to find out the correlation between the poor urban areas and the housing policies, pinpoints the most successful housing policies to be taken to provide an adequate environment, and proposes basic guidelines for housing policies of the poor in the countries of the third world.

Keywords:  Urban poor, Urbanization, Housing policies, Third world countries.
Evaluation of the Quality of Irrigated Soil by Wastewater in Taiz City, Yemen
Authors: Alsabban Soad A. , Almunaifi Abdullatif A.
Published: June 2022

A field study was conducted for soil which was irrigated by partially treated and untreated sewage in the Surroundings of Taiz City. The study aims at evaluating the level of degradation on agricultural soil in the study area as a result of the wastewater application. Four samples of soils have been collected from four different sites within the areas of Al-Qurf, Al-Hawajalah, Al-Buraihy and Hidran Al-Dabab, in addition to a control sample of soil from agricultural land irrigated only from seasonal rainwater at Mafraq Sharab. The results of mechanical analysis of the soil showed that the soil texture at the four different sites varied from one location to another. For instance, at Al-Qurf and al-Hawjalah areas, the soil texture was found to be Silt-Loam, whereas at Al-Buraihy and Hidran Al Dabab, the soil texture was clay, while the soil texture in Mafraq Sharab was loam. The results of the chemical analysis of the soil samples indicate that the soil irrigated from partially treated and untreated wastewater compared to the irrigated soil of rainwater was most affected by the high level of salinity and the calcium carbonate ratio. In addition, the chemical and heavy metals elements contents of the soil are high which is probably accumulated in soil over several years. This suggests an action of rapid treatment of land where salinity has accumulated significantly through soil rehabilitation, including soil tillage mixed with limited quantities of gypsum and soil leach with fresh, low-salty water, and thus soil cultivation with barley or sorghum yield and rotation of freshwater and treated wastewater irrigation.
Ternary Electronic Logic Systems Automation: A Novel Study Based on VHDL Language Third Part: Ternary Non-Combinational (Sequential) Logic Components
Authors: Al-Humidi Abdullah Ali , Asaad Abdulraqib Abdo
Published: June 2022

In this scientific paper, the third part of the software library for the Ternary non-combinational (Sequential) logic components (the components that store information) will be built based on VHDL language starting by the Ternary D Latch (TDL) and ending by the Ternary RAM (TRAM).
Evaluation of WASH at Sana’a University as per IWRM Perspective
Authors: Osama Al-Jailani  , Fadhl Al-Nozaily  , Tarek Al-Hibshi  , Zamzam Mubarak
Published: June 2022

The Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) is considered to be a key in achieving a sustainable improved WASH sector. Water supply and sanitation are among the most essential sectors of development Enhancement of community water supplies and sanitation results in improved social, economic conditions and health. Students are likely to be affected in different ways by inadequate Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) conditions in schools and universities, so this may contribute to reduce in getting the right learning opportunities. Due to the importance of the WASH sector in improving the community’s level and standards, this paper will help to assess the WASH at Sana’a University.A multi-disciplinary approach to reach the objective targeted in this paper has been used; an intensive literature review has been done, a closedended questionnaire was developed with the help of some INGOs standards such as WHO, UNICEF and Sphere to collect the required data from the beneficiaries, a checklist was developed and used to acquire the requireddata and information from the fields and meet face-to-face with the key informants of each faculty, and all the collected data and information are analyzed with the help of Kobo Toolbox. The findings of the research showed that water shortages and inadequate sanitation were due to weak infrastructure although its own a very strong infrastructure; systems were not repaired or maintained and fell into disuse. In addition, the water supply shortages were also due to insufficient water capacity, physical contaminatedexisting water sources, lack of communication between university officials, and the obstacles to (WASH) sector which include lack of human resources, lack of financial resources, and unclear roles and responsibilities. The recommendation was based on the findings and related issues with water institution, water sector and resource, sanitation, and hygiene in addition to NGOs to support the university WASH infrastructure.Keywords: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Sana’a University, KoboToolbox and IWRM.
Social Action Of Student In Achieving Non-Academic Achievements In Interest And Talent-Based School
Authors: Wisudanto Wisudanto , Thalib Prawitra , Kholiq Mohamad Nur , Putri Tri Vena , Putri Tri Veny
Published: June 2022

This article describes the social action of students' non-academic achievement. Student achievement in education is a measure of student success. Achievement has two categories, namely academic achievement and non-academic achievement. SMA Muhammadiyah 10 Surabaya has a gifted title. In accordance with this predicate, this school focuses on developing the potential interests and talents of students. This study uses social action theory by Max Weber in assessing the motivation for non-academic achievement goals. Researchers used qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and observation primary data, as well as secondary data through the development of student championship news on internet pages. The results showed that in achieving students' non-academic achievements, they achieved these goals through instrumental rational actions in the form of regular physical readiness exercises, value-oriented rational actions on aspects of spirituality, traditional actions on aspects of choosing extracurricular activities based on experience and advice from parents. , affective actions choose extracurricular activities because of feelings of pleasure and interest. The researcher hopes that this article can be a new contribution to society in the field of education and social affairs, especially the achievement of non-academic achievements which the community considers not a significant achievement for the future of students compared to academic achievement.
The Role of Leadership in The Sector Police in The Settlement Of Minor Crimes in The Legal Area of The Manyar Gresik Police.
Authors: Nugroho Ady
Published: June 2022

The type of research used in this study is a qualitative descriptive type. The research location in this research is the Manyar Gresik Police. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the role of the Police Chief in resolving minor crimes in penal settlement is to carry out inherent supervision by monitoring, observing and checking the implementation of tasks so that they run according to plans and applicable regulations.
Police Strategy In Establishing Anti-Corruption Attitudes In Communities In The Legal Territory Of The East Java Regional Police
Authors: Yudhi Nikolas Bagas
Published: June 2022

Polri's strategy in shaping anti-corruption behavior in the community in the jurisdiction of the East Java Police: establishment of the Saber Extortion Task Force, synergizing 3 pillars, conducting anti-corruption character education in the school environment. Barriers to the National Police in shaping anti-corruption behavior in the community in the jurisdiction of the East Java Regional Police include: First, the absence of SOPs in the OTT activities of the Saber Pungli Task Force. Second, the lack of bhabinkamtibmas personnel. Third, the occurrence of the corona virus pandemic so that all face-to-face activities including seminars were also cancelled.
Research of the Thermal Effect on the Fe-Cr-Al Alloy Foil in the Initial State and with the Supported Secondary Carrier
Authors: Khussain Bolatbek , Brodskiy Alexandr , Sass Alexandr , Yaskevich Vladimir , Shlygina Irina , Rakhmetova Kenzhegul , Tungatarova Svetlana , Khussain Atabek
Published: June 2022

Iron and chromium based alloys have found wide application in various fields of science and technology. Primary carrier based on Fe-Cr-Al alloy is used in block catalysts for high-temperature hydrocarbon conversion, in production of block metal catalysts for neutralization of toxic gases released during operation of internal combustion engines, as well as those present in smoke emissions from enterprises. Influence of thermal action on Fe-Cr-Al alloy foil and stability of secondary carrier on its surface was studied. Elemental composition of the surface layer of X15U5 alloy foil does not remain constant during heating and depends on the thermal treatment mode. Some of the elements come to surface and elemental composition of surface layer can differ significantly from that observed in the bulk of foil sample. This implies the possibility of changing the adhesive and adsorption properties of the foil surface, as well as the need to take this fact into account when supporting a secondary carrier and active phase to the foil. Applied technique of phosphating and supporting a secondary carrier to the foil surface makes it possible to obtain a sufficiently stable coating. There is no shedding of the secondary carrier from foil surface during high-temperature treatment in air.
Photoelectric Effect Induced by Blackbody Radiation: A Theoretical Analysis of a Potential Heat Energy Harvesting Mechanism
Authors: D'Abramo Germano
Published: June 2022

The photoelectric effect induced by blackbody radiation could be a mechanism to harvest ambient thermal energy at a uniform temperature. Here, I describe (without going too much into mathematical details) the theoretical model I developed starting from 2010 to study that phenomenon, and I summarize the results of the numerical simulations. Simulations tell us that the process must be there. Moreover, at least two experimental tests have been performed in the past years that seem to corroborate, although not definitely, the alleged functioning of the proposed mechanism. Unfortunately, at present, the obtainable power density is extremely low and inadequate for immediate practical applications.
GN-Operators
Authors: Ahmadi Reza , Rahimlou Gholamreza
Published: June 2022

In this article, rst we are going to review the concept of ordinary frames , in more general case in measure spaces, namely, gc-frames. We try to develop the use of measure space in describing frames. Then by means of the gc-frames, we shall introduce gn-operators, which we shall show that each trace class operator has a vector-valued integral representation and vice-versa.
A 3DCNN-LSTM Multi-Class Temporal Segmentation for Hand Gesture Recognition
Authors: Gionfrida Letizia , Rusli Wan M.R. , Kedgley Angela E. , Bharath Anil A.
Published: June 2022

This paper introduces a multi-class hand gesture recognition model developed to identify a set of defined hand gesture sequences in two-dimensional RGB video recordings. The work presents an action detection classifier that looks at both appearance and spatiotemporal parameters of consecutive frames. The classifier utilizes a convolutional-based network combined with a long-short-term memory unit. To leverage the need for a large-scale dataset, the model uses an available dataset to then adopt a technique known as transfer learning to fine-tune the model on the hand gestures of relevance. Validation curves performed over a batch size of 64 indicate an accuracy of 93.95% (± 0.37) with a mean Jaccard index of 0.812 (± 0.105) for 22 participants. The presented model illustrates the possibility of training a model with a small set of data (113,410 fully labelled frames). The proposed pipeline embraces a small-sized architecture that could facilitate its adoption.
Highly Virulent and Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Sequence Type 58 from a Sausage in Germany
Authors: Eger Elias , Domke Marielle , Heiden Stefan E. , Paditz Madeleine , Balau Veronika , Huxdorff Christiane , Zimmermann Dirk , Homeier-Bachmann Timo , Schaufler Katharina
Published: June 2022

Studies have previously described the occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli in human and veterinary medical settings, livestock, and, to a lesser extent, in the environment and food. While they mostly analyzed foodborne E. coli regarding phenotypic and sometimes genotypic antibiotic resistance and basic phylogenetic classification, we have limited understanding of the in vitro and in vivo virulence characteristics and global phylogenetic contexts of these bacteria. Here, we investigated an E. coli strain (PBIO3502) isolated from a pork sausage in Germany in 2021 in-depth. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed sequence type (ST)58, which is an emerging international high-risk clonal lineage. In addition to its MDR phenotype that mostly matched the genotype, PBIO3502 demonstrated pronounced virulence features, including in vitro biofilm formation, siderophore secretion, serum resilience, and in vivo mortality in Galleria mellonella larvae. Along with the genomic analysis indicating close phylogenetic relatedness of our strain with publicly available, clinically relevant representatives of the same ST, these results suggest the zoonotic and pathogenic character of PBIO3502 with the potential to cause infection in humans and animals. Also, our study highlights the necessity of the One Health approach while integrating human, animal, and environmental health, as well as the role of meat products and food chains in the putative transmission of MDR pathogens.
Fibres as Replacement of Horizontal Ties in Compressed Reinforced Concrete Elements: Experimental Study
Authors: Skadiņš Ulvis
Published: June 2022

Steel fibres provides ductility to concrete structures. This in turn gives possibility to replace or reduce conventional reinforcement in structural elements. In this study the focus is on structural walls and the fibres as potential replacement for horizontal reinforcement in areas where vertical re-bars are needed. An experimental study was conducted, in which prismatic specimens with longitudinal re-bars were subjected to centric loading. Ten samples with 12 specimens in each were tested. The parameters considered were: fibre content, concrete cover for the longitudinal bars, and presence of stirrups. Self-compacting concrete with 30 and 60 kg/m3 steel fibres was used. The influence of fibres on maximum load, stiffness, and ductility of the specimens is evaluated. The results show that fibres eliminated brittle collapse and spalling of concrete at failure. Samples with fibres tend to have reduced maximum force and stiffness but increased ductility. The specimens with fibre content of 60 kg/m3 showed more ductile behaviour than the ones with minimum amount of conventional stirrups. The study suggests that combination of steel fibres and conventional re-bars can lead to less qualitative compactness of the self-compacting concrete, which in turn may reduce load bearing capacity and stiffness of the structure.
Twitter Big Data as A Resource for Exoskeleton Research: A Large-Scale Dataset of about 140,000 Tweets and 100 Research Questions
Authors: Thakur Nirmalya
Published: June 2022

The exoskeleton technology has been rapidly advancing in the recent past due to its multitude of applications and diverse use-cases in assisted living, military, healthcare, firefighting, and industry 4.0. The exoskeleton market is projected to increase by multiple times of its current value within the next two years. Therefore, it is crucial to study the degree and trends of user interest, views, opinions, perspectives, attitudes, acceptance, feedback, engagement, buying behavior, and satisfaction, towards exoskeletons, for which the availability of Big Data of conversations about exoskeletons is necessary. The Internet of Everything style of today's living, characterized by people spending more time on the internet than ever before, with a specific focus on social media platforms, holds the potential for the development of such a dataset, by the mining of relevant social media conversations. Twitter, one such social media platform, is highly popular amongst all age groups, where the topics found in the conversation paradigms include emerging technologies such as exoskeletons. To address this research challenge, this work makes two scientific contributions to this field. First, it presents an open-access dataset of about 140,000 tweets about exoskeletons that were posted in a 5-year period from May 21, 2017, to May 21, 2022. Second, based on a comprehensive review of the recent works in the fields of Big Data, Natural Language Processing, Information Retrieval, Data Mining, Pattern Recognition, and Artificial Intelligence that may be applied to relevant Twitter data for advancing research, innovation, and discovery in the field of exoskeleton research, a total of 100 Research Questions are presented for researchers to study, analyze, evaluate, ideate, and investigate based on this dataset.
Differential Impact of Hexuronate Regulators ExuR and UxuR on the Escherichia coli Proteome
Authors: Bessonova Tatiana A. , Fando Maria S. , Kostareva Olga S. , Tutukina Maria N. , Ozoline Olga N. , Gelfand Mikhail S. , Nikulin Alexey D. , Tishchenko Svetlana V.
Published: June 2022

ExuR and UxuR are paralogous proteins belonging to the GntR family of transcriptional regulators. Both are known to control hexuronic acid metabolism in a variety of Gammaproteobacteria but the relative impact of each of them is still unclear. Here, we apply 2D difference electrophoresis followed by mass-spectrometry to characterise the changes in the Escherichia coli proteome in response to the uxuR or exuR deletion. Our data clearly show that the effects are different: deletion of uxuR resulted in significantly enhanced expression of D-mannonate dehydratase UxuA and flagellar protein FliC, and inhibition of outer membrane porin OmpF, while the absence of ExuR did not significantly alter the spectrum of detected proteins.This suggests that the roles of proteins predicted as homologs are far from identical. Effects of uxuR deletion were largely dependent on the cultivation conditions: during growth with glucose, UxuA and FliC were dramatically altered, while during growth with glucuronate activation of both was not so prominent. During growth on glucose, the maximal activation was detected for FliC. This was further confirmed by expression analysis and physiological tests thus suggesting involvement of UxuR in the regulation of bacterial motility and biofilm formation.
Peningkatan Hafalan Mufradat Bahasa Arab dengan Metode Bernyanyi pada Santri di Pondok Pesantren Fajrul Islam Karang Hegar Subang
Authors: Faridah Siti Nurul , Fajar Ahmad
Published: June 2022

Mufradat adalah Salah satu kumpulan kata khusus yang membentuk menjadi bahasa. Kata pun mempunyai arti tersendiri yaitu kumpulan dari beberapa huruf yang membentuk sebuah makna tertentu.  Penguasaan Mufradat bahasa arab dapat dilihat dari kemampuan seseorang dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan Mufradat yang dimilki seseorang dalam berkomunikasi dan ber interaksi dengan orang lain menggunakan bahasa arab. Maka dari itu, bisa dikatakan bahwa kemahiran bahasa arab itu tidak ditinjau dari banyaknya pengetahuan Mufradat bahasa arab, melainkan dari kebiasaan dalam memanfaatkan kosakata bahasa arab yang dimilki dan digunakan dalam berkomunikasi. Penambahan kosakata dianggap sangat penting untuk mengembangkan kemampuan dalam suatu bahasa yang dikuasainya termasuk bahasa arab, untuk itu diperlukan metode yang mampu meningkatkan minat semangat santriawan-santriawati dalam menghafal Mufradat bahasa arab. Salahsatu cara untuk meningkatkan Hafalan Mufradat Bahasa Arab santriawan-santriawati Fajrul Islam Desa Karanghegar ini dengan adanya metode baru yaitu Metode Bernyanyi. Metode bernyanyi tujuannya agar santriawan-santriawati banyak yang berminat dalam menghafal Mufradat bahasa arab sehingga santriawan-santriawati tidak bosan, malas, lebih semangat, tertarik, senang, mudah menangkap. dan mengingat dalam menghafal Mufradat Bahasa Arab, dengan adanya metode bernyanyi ini santriawan-santriawati dapat mengekspresikan dalam berkomunikasi yang menyenangkan dengan temannya dan lebih teringat dalam pikirannya. Selain itu metode bernyanyi ini bagi anak-anak termasuk santri yang menghafal Mufradat bahasa arab.
Neighborhood Characteristics, Intersectional Discrimination, Mental Health, and HIV Outcomes Among Black Women Living With HIV, Southeastern United States, 2019‒2020
Authors: Wright Ian A. , Reid Rachelle , Shahid Naysha , Ponce Amanda , Nelson C. Mindy , Sanders Jasmyn , Gardner Nadine , Liu Jingxin , Simmons Ervin , Phillips Arnetta , Pan Yue , Alcaide Maria L. , Rodriguez Allan , Ironson Gail , Feaster Daniel J. , Safren Steven A. , Dale Sannisha K.
Published: June 2022

Objectives. To examine the effects of within-neighborhood and neighboring characteristics on discrimination, stigma, mental health, and HIV outcomes among Black women living with HIV (BWLWH).

Methods. A total of 151 BWLWH in a southeastern US city provided baseline data (October 2019‒January 2020) on experienced microaggressions and discrimination (race-, gender-, sexual orientation-, or HIV-related), mental health (e.g., depression, posttraumatic stress disorder), and HIV outcomes (e.g., viral load, antiretroviral therapy adherence). Neighborhood characteristics by census tract were gathered from the American Community Survey and the National Center for Charitable Statistics. Spatial econometrics guided the identification strategy, and we used the maximum likelihood technique to estimate relationships between a number of predictors and outcomes.

Results. Within-neighborhood and neighboring characteristics (employment, education, crime, income, number of religious organizations, and low-income housing) were significantly related to intersectional stigma, discrimination, mental health, HIV viral load, and medication adherence.

Conclusions. Policy, research, and interventions for BWLWH need to address the role of neighborhood characteristics to improve quality of life and HIV outcomes. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S4):S433–S443. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306675 )
Gelir Eşitsizliği ve Vergi Bileşimi arasındaki İlişki: Ülkeler arası değerlendirme
Authors: EKİCİ Oya
Published: June 2022

Ülkelerin gelir eşitsizliği ve vergi bileşimlerini araştırmak üzere bir ampirik analiz yapılmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın payı olarak gelir ile mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergi bileşimlerine göre ülkeler gruplandırılmıştır. Ülke gruplarını belirlemede kümeleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra ülkelerin bu belirlenen kategorilerden birinde olmasının, ülkelerin Gini endeksi ile temsil edilen gelir eşitsizliği üzerinde bir etkisi olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Analizlerde içsellik sorunu ile başa çıkmak üzere araç değişkenler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Buna göre ülkelerin vergi geliri bileşimlerinin gelir eşitsizliği ile ilişkisi olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergi tutarlarından daha fazla gelir vergisi uygulayan ülkelerin, gelir eşitsizliği düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu, öte yandan mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergilerin, gelirden elde edilen vergilere göre daha fazla olduğu ülkelerde ise gelir eşitsizliğinin daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Politika olarak etkin bir vergi bileşimi yapısı oluşturmak nihayetinde ekonomilerin eşitsizliği azaltmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Ayrıca maliye politikasının dağıtım etkisi potansiyelinin farkında olmak, vergi aracını daha iyi yönetmeye katkı sağlayacak ve böylelikle iktisadi gelişmeyi artıracaktır.
FEA stress analysis of the Tower of Pisa as a way for students to explore the sphere of virtual testing
Authors: Dounar S. S. , Ausiyevich A. M. , Lapuka A. D. , Shvedova D. N. , Rodenia A. V.
Published: June 2022

FEA of stress state for Pisa Tower is accomplished. Imaginary vertical orientation of the tower is simulated as well as its actual leaning position too. Moderate deformational incompatibility between “column drum” and “stem” load-bearing systems is revealed. Twofold overstressing of lower colonnade is found comparatively to the stem surface. Tower’s compressive stress concentrators are described. The inner helical passage into stem causes a periodical stress concentration about 1.5 – 2 times in the passage vicinity. Arch compression concentrator tied to stem – basis transition is revealed. Places for priority monitoring of marble masonry are pointed out.

Some methodic experience is gained due to lively and successful student participation in all phases of the Pisa Tower FEM simulation.
Marine nitrogen fixation as a possible source of atmospheric water-soluble organic nitrogen aerosols in the subtropical North Pacific
Authors: Dobashi Tsukasa , Miyazaki Yuzo , Tachibana Eri , Takahashi Kazutaka , Horii Sachiko , Iwamoto Yoko , Wong Shu-Kuan , Hamasaki Koji
Published: June 2022

Water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in marine atmospheric aerosols affect the water-solubility, acidity, and light-absorbing properties of aerosol particles, which are important parameters in assessing both the climate impact and the biogeochemical cycling of bioelements. Size-segregated aerosol and surface seawater (SSW) samples were simultaneously collected over the subtropical North Pacific to investigate the origin of WSON in the marine atmosphere. The fine-mode WSON concentration (7.5±6.6 ngN m−3) at 200–240ºE along 23ºN defined as the eastern North Pacific (ENP) was significantly higher than that (2.4±1.9 ngN m−3) at 135–200ºE, defined as the western North Pacific (WNP). Analysis of the stable carbon isotope ratio of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) (δ13CWSOC) together with backward trajectory indicated that most of the observed WSON in the fine particles in the ENP originated from the ocean surface. We found a significant positive correlation between the WSON concentrations and nitrogen fixation rate in SSW. The result indicates that reactive nitrogen (dissolved organic nitrogen and ammonium), produced and exuded by nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in SSW, contributed to the formation of WSON aerosols. This study provides new insights into the role of ocean-derived reactive nitrogen aerosols associated with marine microbial activity.
Protective Action of Percutaneous Intratissular Electrolysis Technique on the Muscle Damage Induced by Notexin in Rats
Authors: Jordá Adrián , Campos-Campos Juan , Aldasoro Contanza , Campo-Palacio Ignacio , Alvarez-Gamez Kenia , Blasco M. Carmen , Aldasoro Martin , Valles Soraya L.
Published: June 2022

Background: It is known that exercise can be one of the causes of muscular damage. In recent times, physiotherapists and medical professionals have been employing PIE techniques to stimulate muscle recovery to improve its performance after the injury. Methods: We pretend to analyze if the PIE technique could reduce muscle damage, inflammation, and pain in the present study. Female Wistar rats were assigned to one of three different groups: control (C), notexin (NOT) and notexin with PIE (NOT+PIE6). We used the PIE technique, based on electrical stimulation with a continuous current of 4 pulses at an intensity of 6 mA for 5 seconds, conveyed to the muscle. The response was tested with motor function tests. Results: In these tests, we could observe an increase in time and foot faults when crossing a beam in the NOT group compared to C group rats. On the other hand, a significant decrease in both variables was detected in the NOT+PIE6 compared to the NOT group. Muscle power was measured with a grip strength test, obtaining far better performances in NOT+PIE6 rats when compared to NOT rats. Moreover, the PIE technique prevented the increase of pro-inflammatory proteins IL-6 and chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 with their receptor CCR5, induced by notexin in the quadriceps. At the same time, the study evidenced a decrease in both CCR8 and NF-ᴋB expressions after PIE treatment. On the other hand, we obtained evidence that demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties of the PIE technique, thus being the increase in IL-10 and IL-13 in the NOT+PIE6 group compared to the NOT group. Furthermore, when applying PIE after damage, an increase in anti-inflammatory mediators and reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators, which, overall, promoted muscle regeneration, was observed. Conclusion: These results support the idea that the PIE technique improves muscle recovery after toxic damages, which would justify its employment.
Differentiable Microscopy Designs an All Optical Quantitative Phase Microscope
Authors: Herath Kithmini , Haputhanthri Udith , Hettiarachchi Ramith , Kariyawasam Hasindu , Ahmad Azeem , Ahluwalia Balpreet , Edussooriya Chamira , Wadduwage Dushan
Published: June 2022

Ever since the first microscope by Zacharias Janssen in the late 16th century, scientists have been inventing new types of microscopes for various tasks. Inventing a novel architecture demands years, if not decades, worth of scientific experience and creativity. In this work, we introduce Differentiable Microscopy (∂μ), a deep learning-based design paradigm, to aid scientists design new interpretable microscope architectures. Differentiable microscopy first models a common physics-based optical system however with trainable optical elements at key locations on the optical path. Using pre-acquired data, we then train the model end-to-end for a task of interest. The learnt design proposal can then be simplified by interpreting the learnt optical elements. As a first demonstration, based on the optical 4-f system, we present an all-optical quantitative phase microscope (QPM) design that requires no computational post-reconstruction. A follow-up literature survey suggested that the learnt architecture is similar to the generalized phase concept developed two decades ago. We then incorporate the generalized phase contrast concept to simplify the learning procedure. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that similar results can be achieved by an uninterpretable learning based method, namely diffractive deep neural networks (D2NN). We outperform the existing benchmark for all-optical phase-to-intensity conversion on multiple datasets, and ours is the first demonstration of its kind on D2NNs. The proposed differentiable microscopy framework supplements the creative process of designing new optical systems and would perhaps lead to unconventional but better optical designs.
Predictions from a mathematical approach to model ionic signaling for rapid responses of Sertoli cells exhibit similarities to pharmacological approaches
Authors: Taques Barbara , Gamba Humberto , Menegaz Danusa , Silva Fátima , Suzuki Daniela
Published: June 2022

Sertoli cells are essential for the male reproduction system as they provide morphological support and nutrients for germ cells to guarantee ongoing spermatogenesis. The aim of this work was to predict the electrical properties at the plasma membrane that trigger Sertoli cell rapid responses. The responses of Sertoli cells in culture to hormone stimulation were monitored using patch clamp electrical measurement and compared to data obtained using pharmacological tools. A mathematical model was used to define the roles of potassium channels and the ATP-dependent Na+/K + pump in these responses. Mathematical data verification was also performed to determine the resting and hormonal stimulated membrane potentials of Sertoli cells collected from intact seminiferous tubules and of Sertoli cells in culture. The prediction of these data based on mathematical modeling demonstrated, for the first time, the involvement of potassium channels and the activation of Na+/K + pump in the hyperpolarization of Sertoli cells and their consequent rapid responses. Moreover, the mathematical analysis showing the involvement of ionic balance in the rapid responses of these cells to hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone, is consistent with previous reports obtained using pharmacological techniques in Sertoli cells. Thus, the validation of such data is reliable and represents a first step in the proposition for a mathematical model to predict rapid responses of non-excitable cells to hormonal stimuli.