bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pilot randomized controlled trial of group-based indoor gardening and art activities demonstrates therapeutic benefits to healthy women
Authors: Odeh Raymond , Diehl Elizabeth R. M. , Nixon Sara Jo , Tisher C. Craig , Klempner Dylan , Sonke Jill K. , Colquhoun Thomas A. , Li Qian , Espinosa Maria , Perdomo Dianela , Rosario Kaylee , Terzi Hannah , Guy Charles L.
Published: July 2022

Background

There is mounting anecdotal and empirical evidence that gardening and art-making afford therapeutic benefits.

Objectives

This randomly controlled pilot study tested the hypothesis that participation in group-based indoor gardening or art-making activities for one hour twice a week for four weeks would provide quantifiably different therapeutic benefits to a population of healthy women ages 26–49.

Methods

A population of 42 volunteers was randomly assigned to parallel gardening or art-making treatment groups. A total of 36 participants initiated the treatment protocol and 32 (Gardening n = 15 and Art n = 17) received the interventions and completed all assessments. Treatments included eight one-hour group-based gardening or art intervention sessions. Self-report psychometric assessments were conducted for anxiety, depression symptomatology, mood disturbance, stress, satisfaction with discretionary social activities, and quality of life measures. Cardiac physiological data were also collected. Outcomes were measured at baseline, during, and post-intervention.

Results

Engaging in both gardening and art-making activities resulted in apparent therapeutic improvements for self-reported total mood disturbance, depression symptomatology, and perceived stress with different effect sizes following eight one-hour treatment sessions. Gardening also resulted in improvements for indications of trait anxiety. Based on time-course evidence, dosage responses were observed for total mood disturbance, perceived stress, and depression symptomatology for both gardening and art-making. However, gardening or art-making did not have an apparent influence on heart rate or blood pressure or result in marked improvement for satisfaction with discretionary leisure activities.

Conclusion

The data did not support the hypothesis of differential therapeutic benefits of gardening and art-making for healthy women. When taken together, group-based gardening or art-making can provide quantitatively measurable improvements in healthy women’s psychosocial health status that imply potentially important public health benefits.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.govNCT03266120.
Health and economic benefits of secondary education in the context of poverty: Evidence from Burkina Faso
Authors: Werner Luisa K. , Ludwig Jan-Ole , Sie Ali , Bagagnan Cheik H. , Zabré Pascal , Vandormael Alain , Harling Guy , De Neve Jan-Walter , Fink Günther
Published: July 2022

Even though formal education is considered a key determinant of individual well-being globally, enrollment in secondary schooling remains low in many low- and middle-income countries, suggesting that the perceived returns to such schooling may be low. We jointly estimate survival and monetary benefits of secondary schooling using detailed demographic and surveillance data from the Boucle du Mouhoun region, Burkina Faso, where national upper secondary schooling completion rates are among the lowest globally (<10%). We first explore surveillance data from the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System from 1992 to 2016 to determine long-term differences in survival outcomes between secondary and higher and primary schooling using Cox proportional hazards models. To estimate average increases in asset holdings associated with secondary schooling, we use regionally representative data from the Burkina Faso Demographic Health Surveys (2003, 2010, 2014, 2017–18;N= 3,924). Survival was tracked for 14,892 individuals. Each year of schooling was associated with a mortality reduction of up to 16% (95% CI 0.75–0.94), implying an additional 1.9 years of life expectancy for men and 5.1 years for women for secondary schooling compared to individuals completing only primary school. Relative to individuals with primary education, individuals with secondary or higher education held 26% more assets (SE 0.02; CI 0.22–0.30). Economic returns for women were 3% points higher than male returns with 10% (SE 0.03; CI 0.04–0.16) vs. 7% (SE 0.02; CI 0.02–0.012) and in rural areas 20% points higher than in urban areas with 30% (SE 0.06; CI 0.19–0.41) vs. 4% (SE 0.01; CI 0.02–0.07). Our results suggest that secondary education is associated with substantial health and economic benefits in the study area and should therefore be considered by researchers, governments, and other major stakeholders to create for example school promotion programs.
Graduate labour market outcomes and satisfaction with university education in Spain
Authors: Iriondo Iñaki
Published: July 2022

The objective of this paper is to analyze the association between the job placement results of graduates and the satisfaction that, retrospectively, they express about their university education. Despite the fact that, in Spain, 47.0% of the population aged 25 to 34 has a higher education degree, we have little knowledge of the determinants of university student satisfaction. In addition, most studies have focused on evaluating the university experience (teaching activity, study plans, counselling for students, or facilities) and very few of them have taken into account the influence of graduates’ labour market outcomes on their satisfaction. This issue is of particular interest in the Spanish case, considering the dysfunctional nature of the youth labor market, which has high rates of overqualification, excessive job turnover and high unemployment. The sources of statistical information used in this work include the first two editions of the "University Graduate Job Placement Survey", carried out by the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) in 2014 and 2019. The methodology used in the empirical work is the propensity score matching estimator. The results of empirical analysis indicate that graduates’ job placement difficulties have a significant association with their dissatisfaction with their university experience. In particular, educational mismatch (horizontal and vertical) and, to a lesser extent, unemployment and low wages significantly increase the probability of graduates stating that, if they had to start over, they would not return to university or they would not study the same degree.
The effects of compression load to the trunk on lipid metabolism in an inactive phase
Authors: Shimada Kousuke , Nohara Masakatsu , Shinozaki Fumika , Tatsuda Midori , Watanabe Takayuki , Kamei Asuka , Abe Keiko
Published: July 2022

The effects of compression load to a specific body part, e.g. leg, arm, or trunk, evoke many functions and are applied in various fields including clinical medicine, sports, and general health care. Nevertheless, little is known about the functional mechanism of compression load, especially regarding its effects on metabolic function. We investigated the effects of compression load to the trunk on the metabolism. We designed adjustable compression clothes for mice and attached them to ten-week-old C57BL/6N male mice in a controlled environment. The mice were divided into compression and no-compression groups, the latter only wearing the clothes without added compression. The evoked metabolic changes were evaluated using indirect calorimetry and transcriptomics with liver tissue to investigate the mechanism of the metabolic changes induced by the compression load. The results indicated decreases in body weight gain, food intake, and respiratory exchange ratio in the compression group compared to the no-compression group, but these effects were limited in the “light period” which was an inactive phase for mice. As a result of the transcriptome analysis after eight hours of compression load to the trunk, several DEGs, e.g., Cpt1A, Hmgcr, were classified into functional categories relating to carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, or immune response. Lipid metabolism impacts included suppression of fatty acid synthesis and activation of lipolysis and cholesterol synthesis in the compression group. Taken together, our results showed that activation of lipid metabolism processes in an inactive phase was induced by the compression load to the trunk.
Osteopathic practice in the United Kingdom: A retrospective analysis of practice data
Authors: Plunkett Austin , Fawkes Carol , Carnes Dawn
Published: July 2022

Background

This study describes osteopathic practise activity, scope of practice and the osteopathic patient profile in order to understand the role osteopathy plays within the United Kingdom’s (UK) health system a decade after our previous survey.

Method

We used a retrospective questionnaire survey design to ask about osteopathic practice and audit patient case notes. All UK registered osteopaths were invited to participate in the survey. The survey was conducted using a web-based system. Each participating osteopath was asked about themselves, their practice and asked to randomly select and extract data from up to 8 random new patient health records during 2018. All patient related data were anonymised.

Results

The survey response rate was 500 osteopaths (9.4% of the profession) who provided information about 395 patients and 2,215 consultations. Most osteopaths were self-employed (81.1%; 344/424 responses) working alone either exclusively or often (63.9%; 237/371) and were able to offer 48.6% of patients an appointment within 3 days (184/379). Patient ages ranged from 1 month to 96 years (mean 44.7 years, Std Dev. 21.5), of these 58.4% (227/389) were female. Infants <1 years old represented 4.8% (18/379) of patients. The majority of patients presented with musculoskeletal complaints (81.0%; 306/378). Persistent complaints (present for more than 12 weeks before appointment) were the most common (67.9%; 256/377) and 41.7% (156/374) of patients had co-existing medical conditions. The most common treatment approaches used at the first appointment were soft-tissue techniques (73.9%; 292/395), articulatory techniques (69.4%; 274/395) and high velocity low amplitude thrust (34.4%; 136/395). The mean number of treatments per patient was 7 (mode 4).

Conclusion

Osteopaths predominantly provide care of musculoskeletal conditions, typically in private practice. To better understand the role of osteopathy in UK health service delivery, the profession needs to do more research with patients in order to understand their needs and their expected outcomes of care, and for this to inform osteopathic practice and education.
Severe influenza A in a Tunisian ICU sentinel SARI centre: Epidemiological and clinical features
Authors: Jamoussi Amira , Ayed Samia , Merhabene Takoua , Doghri Hamdi , Ben Khelil Jalila , Besbes Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Influenza A virus infection is a contagious acute respiratory infection which mostly evolves in an epidemic form, less frequently as pandemic outbreaks. It can take a severe clinical form that needs to be managed in intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of influenza A, then to determine independent predictive factors of ICU mortality in Abderrahmen Mami hospital, Ariana, Tunisia.

Methods

It was a single-center study, including all hospitalized patients in intensive care, between November 1st, 2009 and October 31st, 2019, with influenza A virus infection. We recorded demographic, clinical and biological data, evolving features; then multivariate analysis of the predictive factors of ICU mortality was realized.

Results

During the study period (10 consecutive seasons), 120 patients having severe Influenza A were admitted (Proportion = 2.5%) from all hospitalized patients, with a median age of 48 years and a gender-ratio of 1.14. Among women, 14 were pregnant. Only 7 patients (5.8%) have had seasonal flu vaccine during the year before ICU admission. The median values of the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment were respectively 26, 10 and 3. Virus strains identified with polymerase chain reaction were H1N1 pdm09 (84.2%) and H3N2 (15.8%). Antiviral therapy was prescribed in 88 (73.3%) patients. A co-infection was recorded in 19 cases: bacterial (n = 17) and aspergillaire (n = 2). An acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was diagnosed in 82 patients. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) was conducted for 72 (60%) patients with success in 34 cases. Endotracheal intubation was performed in 59 patients with median duration of invasive mechanical ventilation 8 [3.25–13] days. The most frequent complications were acute kidney injury (n = 50, 41.7%), shock (n = 48, 40%), hospital-acquired infections (n = 46, 38.8%) and thromboembolic events (n = 19, 15.8%). The overall ICU mortality rate was of 31.7% (deceased n = 38). Independent predictive factors of ICU mortality identified were: age above 56 years (OR = 7.417; IC95% [1.474–37.317]; p = 0.015), PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 95 mmHg (OR = 9.078; IC95% [1.636–50.363]; p = 0.012) and lymphocytes count ≤ 1.325 109/L (OR = 10.199; IC95% [1.550–67.101]; p = 0.016).

Conclusion

Influenza A in ICU is not uncommon, even in A(H1N1) dominant seasons; its management is highly demanding. It is responsible for considerable morbi-mortality especially in elderly patients.
Determinants of healthful eating and physical activity among adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes in Qatar: A qualitative study
Authors: AlBurno Hanan , Mercken Liesbeth , de Vries Hein , Al Mohannadi Dabia , Schneider Francine
Published: July 2022

Background

In Qatar, as in the rest of the world, the sharp rise in the prevalence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a leading cause for concern, in terms associated with morbidity, mortality, and increasing health costs. Besides adhering to medication, the outcome of diabetes management is also dependent on patient adherence to the variable self-care behaviors including healthful eating (HE) and physical activity (PA). Yet, dietary intake and PA in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with T1D are known to fall short of recommended guidelines. The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the behavioral determinants of HE and PA adherence among Arab AYAs within the age range of 17–24 years with T1D attending Hamad General Hospital.

Methods

Semi-structured, face-to-face individual interviews were conducted with 20 participants. Interviews were based on an integrative health behavior change model, the I-Change model (ICM). All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the framework method.

Results

More participants reported non-adherence than adherence. Several motivational determinants of adherence to HE and PA were identified. The majority of participants were cognizant of their own behaviors towards HE and PA. Yet, some did not link low adherence to HE and PA with increased risks of health problems resulting from T1D. Facilitators to adherence were identified as being convinced of the advantages of HE and PA, having support and high self-efficacy, a high level of intention, and a good health care system.

Conclusion

The suboptimal adherence in AYAs to HE and PA needs more attention. Supportive actions are needed to encourage adherence to a healthy lifestyle to achieve benefits in terms of glycemic control and overall health outcomes, with a special focus on adolescents. Interventions are needed to foster motivation by addressing the relevant determinants in order to promote adherence to these two behaviors in AYAs with T1D.
Assessment of multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes in milk and milk product and One Health perspective
Authors: Kayode Adeoye John , Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi
Published: July 2022

The occurrence and the antibiogram signatures of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) recovered from 65 milk samples and its products within the Eastern Cape province were examined. The EN ISO 11290:2017 procedures Parts 1 and 2 described by the International Organization for Standardization for the enumeration and isolation of Lm was adopted for the study. Lm was detected in 18.46% of all the samples examined, and the strains recovered from the samples belong to serotypes 4b and 1/2b. The virulence determinants including prfA, plcA, plcB, inlA, inlC, hly, mpl, actA, inlJ and inlB were detected in all the isolates. About 95.24% of the studied Lm isolates demonstrated potential capacity for biofilm formation. The antibiogram profile revealed high resistance against sulfamethoxazole (71.43%), trimethoprim (52.86%); erythromycin, cefotetan and oxytetracycline (42.86% respectively). About 85.71% exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance phenotypes against the test antibiotics. The resistance determinants encoding resistance against the β-lactamase antibiotics [such as the blaTEM, blaSHV, blaTEM variants (TEM-1 and TEM-2) and the blaZ], the tetracycline resistance genes (including tetA, tetD, tetG and tetM and tetK) were detected among resistant isolates. In addition, the aminoglycoside resistance gene aph (3)-IIa (aphA2)a was detected only in one isolate. Finally, the sulfonamide resistance genes including the sul2 and the sul1 genes were the most frequently observed among Lm isolates. Generally, 71.43% of all Lm isolates recovered from the samples investigated harboured one or more resistance genes encoding resistance against various antibiotics. The antibiogram signatures of Lm isolates observed in this study is an indication that empirical treatment of listeriosis may be challenging in the future as the pathogen may obliterate the success of antibiotics. We, therefore, advocate for the recognition of the One Health approach to ensuring food safety and curbing the spread of antimicrobial resistance in food.
Rapid response of osmotic stress transcription factor 1 (OSTF1) expression to salinity challenge in gills of marine euryhaline milkfish (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Lin Yu-Ting , Lee Tsung-Han
Published: July 2022

Euryhaline teleosts can survive in environments with different salinities. Cortisol is an important hormone for acclimation to seawater (SW) of euryhaline teleosts. Osmotic stress transcription factor 1 (OSTF1), also called the transforming growth factor-beta stimulated clone 22 domain 3 (tsc22d3), was first reported in tilapia as an acute response gene and protein under hyperosmotic stress, and it is regulated by cortisol. To date, most studies on OSTF1 have focused on freshwater inhabitants, such as tilapia, medaka, and catadromous eel. The expression of OSTF1 and the correlation between OSTF1 and cortisol in marine inhabitant euryhaline teleosts, to our knowledge, remain unclear. This study reveals the changes in the expression levels of branchial OSTF1, plasma cortisol levels, and their correlation in the marine inhabitant milkfish with ambient salinities. The two sequences of milkfish TSC22D3 transcripts were classified as OSTF1a and OSTF1b. Both genes were expressed universally in all detected organs and tissues but were the most abundant in the liver. Similar gene expression levels of ostf1a and ostf1b were found in SW- and fresh water (FW)-acclimated milkfish gills, an important osmoregulatory organ. Within 12 hours of being transferred from FW to SW, the gene expression level of ostf1b increased significantly (4 folds) within 12 h, whereas the expression level of ostf1a remained constant. Moreover, cortisol levels increased rapidly after being transferred to a hyperosmotic environment. After an intraperitoneal injection of cortisol, the gene expression levels of ostf1a and ostf1b were elevated. However, under hyperosmotic stress, ostf1a gene expression remained stable. Overall, the results revealed that ostf1b was the primary gene in milkfish responding to hypertonic stress, and cortisol concentration increased after the transfer of milkfish from FW to SW. Furthermore, cortisol injection increased the expression of ostf1a and ostf1b. As a result, factors other than cortisol may activate ostf1b in milkfish gills in response to an environmental salinity challenge.
Enhanced stability of M1 protein mediated by a phospho-resistant mutation promotes the replication of prevailing avian influenza virus in mammals
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Qu Runkang , Zong Yanan , Qin Chao , Liu Litao , Gao Xiaoyi , Sun Honglei , Sun Yipeng , Chang Kin-Chow , Zhang Rui , Liu Jinhua , Pu Juan
Published: July 2022

Avian influenza virus (AIV) can evolve multiple strategies to combat host antiviral defenses and establish efficient infectivity in mammals, including humans. H9N2 AIV and its reassortants (such as H5N6 and H7N9 viruses) pose an increasing threat to human health; however, the mechanisms involved in their increased virulence remain poorly understood. We previously reported that the M1 mutation T37A has become predominant among chicken H9N2 isolates in China. Here, we report that, since 2010, this mutation has also been found in the majority of human isolates of H9N2 AIV and its emerging reassortants. The T37A mutation of M1 protein enhances the replication of H9N2 AIVs in mice and in human cells. Interestingly, having A37 instead of T37 increases the M1 protein stability and resistance to proteasomal degradation. Moreover, T37 of the H9N2 M1 protein is phosphorylated by protein kinase G (PKG), and this phosphorylation induces the rapid degradation of M1 and reduces viral replication. Similar effects are also observed in the novel H5N6 virus. Additionally, ubiquitination at K187 contributes to M1-37T degradation and decreased replication of the virus harboring T37 in the M1 protein. The prevailing AIVs thereby evolve a phospho-resistant mutation in the M1 protein to avoid viral protein degradation by host factors, which is advantageous in terms of replication in mammalian hosts.
Swarms of chemically modified antiviral siRNA targeting herpes simplex virus infection in human corneal epithelial cells
Authors: Kalke Kiira , Lund Liisa M. , Nyman Marie C. , Levanova Alesia A. , Urtti Arto , Poranen Minna M. , Hukkanen Veijo , Paavilainen Henrik
Published: July 2022

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a common virus of mankind and HSV-1 infections are a significant cause of blindness. The current antiviral treatment of herpes infection relies on acyclovir and related compounds. However, acyclovir resistance emerges especially in the long term prophylactic treatment that is required for prevention of recurrent herpes keratitis. Earlier we have established antiviral siRNA swarms, targeting sequences of essential genes of HSV, as effective means of silencing the replication of HSV in vitro or in vivo. In this study, we show the antiviral efficacy of 2´-fluoro modified antiviral siRNA swarms against HSV-1 in human corneal epithelial cells (HCE). We studied HCE for innate immunity responses to HSV-1, to immunostimulatory cytotoxic double stranded RNA, and to the antiviral siRNA swarms, with or without a viral challenge. The panel of studied innate responses included interferon beta, lambda 1, interferon stimulated gene 54, human myxovirus resistance protein A, human myxovirus resistance protein B, toll-like receptor 3 and interferon kappa. Our results demonstrated that HCE cells are a suitable model to study antiviral RNAi efficacy and safety in vitro. In HCE cells, the antiviral siRNA swarms targeting the HSV UL29 gene and harboring 2´-fluoro modifications, were well tolerated, induced only modest innate immunity responses, and were highly antiviral with more than 99% inhibition of viral release. The antiviral effect of the 2’-fluoro modified swarm was more apparent than that of the unmodified antiviral siRNA swarm. Our results encourage further research in vitro and in vivo on antiviral siRNA swarm therapy of corneal HSV infection, especially with modified siRNA swarms.
Local complications are related to poor long-term outcome in patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Ha Tae Sun , Cho Gyu Seok , Shin Eung Jin , Ryu Seung Wan , Ryu Keun Won , Kim Min Chan , Hyung Woo Jin , Kim Chan Young , Lee Hyuk-Joon , Shin Dong Woo , Lee Jun Ho
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The present study was performed to investigate the effects of local complications (LC) on long-term survival and cancer recurrence in patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods: We analyzed 2,627 patients after curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer between January 2001 and December 2006. Patients were classified into groups no complications (NC), LC, or systemic complications (SC).Results: Among the 2,627 patients, 475 patients developed complications (LC group [n=374, 14.2%] and SC group [n=101, 3.9%]). The 5-year cancer-specific survival rate was significantly poorer in the LC group compared to the NC and SC groups (LC, 78.0%; NC, 85.4%; SC, 80.2%; P=0.007). The occurrence of LC was identified as a significant independent prognostic factor for overall and cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR], 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46–2.97; P=0.001 and HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12–2.81; P=0.015). The tumor recurrence rates were higher in the LC group than the in other two groups (LC, 23.5%; NC, 15.4%; SC, 15.8%; P<0.001). The occurrence of LC was an independent predictor of tumor recurrence in patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11–2.17; P=0.011).Conclusion: LC are associated with adverse long-term outcomes in patients after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer.
Analysis of effects of prolonged travel delay on public bus operators' profit margin in metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olorunnimbe Rafiu O. , Oni S. I. , Ege E. , Giwa Mojeed
Published: July 2022

This study examines the effects of uncertain travel time on public bus operators' monthly returns or profit margin in metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria. Importantly, the study relied on four objectives to achieve its purpose, and these are to; evaluate the demographic profile of public bus drivers; determine the daily cost of operating the buses and the percentage of bus returns spent on bus maintenance; analyze the bus running time and the associated cost attached to prolonged bus operations, and determine the number of trips made and lose daily due to prolonged journey time in metropolitan Lagos. The study relied on a survey research design and the use of primary data, which is derived from a questionnaire instrument administered at the three study locations. Further, the combination of clustered, stratified, and simple random sampling techniques was used while respondents (bus operators/drivers) were selected at different bus stop segments for questionnaire administration. The statistical correlation technique from the SPSS software was used for data relationship analysis, while descriptive tools were utilized for the presentation of the results. Furthermore, the severity of the problems encountered by bus operators shows that loss of daily revenue (52.9%) is the highest, followed by loss of bus trips (35.4%), and constant vehicle breakdown (11.7%). This poses a significant challenge to their business success as it grossly reduces their bus return and monthly profit margin. The study concluded that prolonged bus journey time has a negative socio-economic impact on the Intra-City public bus operators in metropolitan Lagos. Therefore, recommends among others: road highway expansion; provision of extended bus stop lay-bys, BRT corridor extension to other major highways, traffic agents' commitment and patriotism, and intensive enforcement of laws prohibiting bus stop obstructions by public bus drivers.
“We Can Position Ourselves as Experts”: Teachers Learning to Write and Publish on National Blogs
Authors: Miller Henry "Cody" , Jeter Gage
Published: July 2022

This article focuses on a collective case study of two teachers attending a professional development workshop focused on writing for publication via educational blogs. Through a qualitative study, we sought to understand how attending the workshop and publishing on a national organization's blog shaped the two teachers' own identities as teachers and shifted their thinking about blogs as a genre. We argue the two teachers had a shift in conceptualizing what counted as scholarship as well as problematizing who counted as a scholar. In an era of increased attacks on teachers' intellectualism and autonomy, we believe publishing on national blogs is one way teachers can reclaim their professional knowledge in our current socio-political landscape. Our work has implications for the fields of teacher education, teacher leadership, and professional development.
Addressing English Learner Teacher Shortage: Conceptualizing Collaborative Efforts Between K–12 Schools and Higher Education
Authors: Niu-Cooper Rui , Reeder Tom , Bahamonde-Gunnell Mayda , Johnson Shirley , Lautenbach Carol
Published: July 2022

With the rapid increase of English Learners (ELs) in K–12 schools, school districts are struggling to find ways to meet the needs for EL teachers. One approach to address the shortage is to build teacher capacity by collaborating with higher education institutions where English as a Second Language (ESL) teacher preparation programs are offered. However, such collaborations are expensive to local schools due to the credit hours that those programs require. In this paper, comparing the contexts in the State of Michigan and the State of New York, we describe a partnership experience between a university in Michigan and its neighboring K–12 partner school districts. In 2016, the collaboration secured a five-year, 2.53 million, grant to support districts’ efforts to address such teacher shortage. Using Richardson’s (1994) crystallization method, we identified the unique features of three evolving stages of the school district’s capacity-building process. We conceptualized these stages into a two-layered model, based on the partners’ discourse patterns, role played, ownership, and information flow. We argue that the model can be used by other K–12 higher-education collaborations, particularly in the States like New York and Michigan. Specific recommendations are offered to maximize such collaborative efforts.
Tonsillar Extraintestinal Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient With Celiac Disease
Authors: Kronsten Victoria T. , Gosson Caroline , Al-Khatib Alhamza , Bagwan Izhar , Worthington Tim , Muthalali Sneha , Ethell Mark , Lim Guan , Youd Philippa
Published: July 2022

Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare but serious complication of celiac disease. Diagnosis is challenging. Patients can present with weight loss, abdominal pain, and diarrhea or acutely with bowel perforation or obstruction. Patients often present with advanced disease. Malnutrition further limits treatment options. Early diagnosis is important to start aggressive treatment strategies. However, even with prompt diagnosis, prognosis remains poor with a high mortality rate. We report the first documented case of sole tonsillar involvement, a rare extraintestinal and extranodal site of disease, leading to EATL diagnosis. We also highlight some of the challenges in diagnosing EATL.
Pengembangan Watak (Wayang Kertas Kimia) Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Ikatan Kimia Berbasis Pendidikan Karakter Dan Kearifan Lokal Untuk Peserta Didik SMA/MA
Authors: Friska Putri Normayanti  , Muhammad Zamhari
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan yang berhasil dalam pandangan Ki Hajar Dewantara adalah pendidikan yang tidak memisahkan masyarakat dari kebudayaan yang menjadi pedoman dalam melakukan tindakan. Pendidikan seharusnya  berdasarkan  pada  kebudayaan  tanpa  menutup  diri  dari  arus  globalisasi.  Globalisasi memberikan dampak negatif juga positif. Fenomena menyelesaikan masalah dengan kekerasan, kasus bullying merupakan tanda adanya krisis pada karakter dan moral peserta didik. Hal ini dikarenakan pendidikan memfokuskan pada aspek kognitif dan mengabaikan aspek moral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengembangkan,  menilai  kualitas  dan  mengetahui  hasil  respon  pengguna  terhadap  media WATAK. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (RnD) dengan mengadaptasi model 4-D (define, design, develop and disseminate) yang dibatasi sampai pada tahap develop. Pengembangan WATAK (wayang kertas kimia) ini dibimbing oleh dosen pembimbing dan mendapat masukan dan saran oleh peer reviewer, ahli media, ahli materi dan ahli budaya. Penilaian dilakukan oleh 5 guru kimia SMA/MA dan direspon oleh 10 peserta didik yang telah mendapatkan materi ikatan kimia. Berdasarkan penilaian validasi ahli materi memperoleh kategori sangat baik dengan persentase keidealan 94,44%, sedangkan penilaian ahli media memperoleh kategori sangat baik dengan persentase keidealan sama yaitu 94,44%. Serta mendapatkan respon guru kimia SMA/MA dengan persentase keidealan 89% dengan kategori sangat baik dan respon 10 peserta didik mendapatkan persentase keidealan 85 % dengan kategori sangat baik.
Newly Documented Behaviour of Free-Ranging Arctic Wolf Pups
Authors: Mech L. David
Published: July 2022

Whereas much is known about the behavior and development of captive young wolf (Canis lupus) pups, less detail has been published about some aspects of free-ranging wolf pup behavior. This article synthesizes 42 observations of free-ranging Arctic wolf pups from ages 13 through 52 days made during 10 summers from 1987 through 2006 on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. Besides listing key behaviors such as howling and caching, I record unique observations of ages of pup urination without adult stimulation (22, 33, 42, 52 days), knowledge of which is important to studies of wolf domestication, and of a 48-day-old pup that traveled 39 km during a 12 h and 19 min round trip between the den and a prey carcass, including a 26.5 km trek in 5 h. These observations should lead to a deeper and more complete understanding of this critical period of pup growth and development.
Editorial
Authors: Urra Jaque Natalia
Published: July 2022

Desde hace un par de años los estudios inquisitoriales se han convertido en una de las áreas más investigadas y debatidas por la historiografía hispano, lusa y angloparlante. La Inquisición es -sin duda- una de las instituciones jurídicas más analizadas en las últimas décadas. Especialistas como Jaime Conteras, Gustav Henningsen, René Martínez Millán, Henry Kamen, Richard E. Greenleaf, Julio Caro Baroja, Ricardo García Cárcel, Bartolomé Bennassar, Carlo Ginzburg, René Millar, María Helena Sánchez Ortega, Adelina Sarrión Mora, entre otros, comenzaron sus investigaciones en las décadas de los 60, 70, 80 y 90, respectivamente. Cada uno de ellos postuló teorías que desmantelaban los mitos y creencias sobre una de las instituciones más influyentes y representativas del poder monárquico en la Europa moderna. Por medio de sus escritos reconocieron el método inquisitorial y el actuar de los inquisidores, la hacienda y las remuneraciones económicas que esta poseía, las estructuras, jerarquías y personajes que la componían, quiénes podían y quiénes no ostentar el cargo de inquisidor, cuál fue el rol del Consejo de la Suprema Inquisición e incluso las reacomodaciones que de este emanaba en los distintos tribunales. Todos concluyeron que la Inquisición y sus documentos representan de forma eficaz, certera y legitima, las dinámicas e interacciones de aquellas sociedades que custodió. Leer y reflexionar en torno a la información que esta entrega a través de sus archivos no solo permite conocer el funcionamiento inquisitorial, sino también quiénes fueron esos sujetos que condenó y sentenció a lo largo de tres siglos.
¿Cuestion de “piel” ?: neorracismo y desplazamiento forzado en Santa Marta (Colombia)
Authors: Ávila Garzón Samuel Asdrúbal
Published: July 2022

El racismo clásico, fundamentado en la discriminación por el color de la piel, se ha transformado. Hoy, lo fenotípico es solo una de las características que presenta el neorracismo. Para las personas que lo practican, el color de la piel no resulta tan amenazante como pertenecer a una determinada cultura, tener ciertos rasgos culturales o una religión. Desde esta ideología, la pertenencia a una cultura se vuelve peligrosa cuando los individuos han vivido, entre otras, experiencias violentas que los obligan a marcharse de sus territorios. En este artículo, con base en una investigación etnográfica realizada en 2019 sobre experiencias de vida de adolescentes desplazados por el conflicto armado que habitan en Santa Marta (Colombia), se muestra cómo, para estos individuos que han sufrido el conflicto armado, el desplazamiento forzado los convierte en las instituciones educativas a las que llegan para buscar comenzar otra vida— en objeto de burla, discriminación, estigmatización y fuente de amenaza para quienes practican esta nueva forma de racismo.
Central Place Systems: Early Stages of the Continual Development
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Dmitriev Ruslan , Gorokhov Stanislav ,   Institute for African Studies RAS
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to determining the conditions for the evolution of central place systems in the early stages – in the framework of the new and classical economic geography. We come to the conclusion that the new economic geography is not operational in relation to evolutionary processes, since it proceeds from postulates that violate the central place theory and based on incorrect assumptions (for example, validity of Bunge’s problem). We postulate the need to revise three main provisions of the classical approach: 1) on the initial correspondence of systems to the rank-size rule; 2) on increasing the compliance of systems with the rank-size rule as the share of urban population increases to 50%; 3) about the striving of central place systems to the state of equilibrium and – upon reaching it, for mature systems – an insignificant in its intensity ‘fluctuation’ around it. The authors define the conditions for the evolution of central place systems as follows: 1) the systems correspond slightly to the rank-size rule in the early stages and much better to the Christaller distribution; 2) as the share of urban population increases, the very slight compliance of systems with the rank-size rule worsens more and more; an increase in the share of urban population is accompanied by an improvement in the fit to the Christaller distribution; 3) systems strive for a state of equilibrium at any stage of their evolution; ‘oscillations’ around it for young systems are characterized by a significantly larger amplitude compared to that for mature systems
Interrelation between Supply and Demand Factors in Regional Labor Markets
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Tyrsin Alexander ,   South Ural State University (National Research University), Vasilyeva Elena ,   Institute of Economics of the UB RAS
Published: July 2022

The article presents the author’s approach to the analysis of matching the demand for labor and its supply. The essence of the approach lies in the dynamic assessment the closeness of the relationship between two sets of indicators describing each of the factors. The proposed model for calculating the coefficient characterizing the closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously the factors of the formation of demand for labor and its supply, as well as to make quantitative estimates. The approach was tested using the data from the subjects of the Russian Federation situated in the Ural Federal District. The results of the assessment showed that during the period from 2000 to 2019 the closeness of relationship between the indicators of supply and demand factors in the labor market increased. The most significant contribution to the coordination between supply and demand in the regional labor markets is made by the demographic factor, i.e. the share of the population of working age. In addition, in some subjects of the Russian Federation, the functioning of the labor market is quite significantly affected by the retail turnover, the amount of investment in fixed assets and the graduation of specialists. The use of the coefficient of closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously all the indicators of the factors of supply and demand in the labor market and make quantitative estimates. Such a unique approach makes it possible to avoid the objectively existing restrictions in the statistical accounting of employment and unemployment
In vitro studies on quality assessment and ethnobotany of Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.) P.F.Hunt encountered in Ultapani Forest Range, Assam
Authors: Das Sangita , Baruah Sanjib , Goyal Arvind Kumar
Published: July 2022

Acampe rigida (Buch.-Ham.ex Sm.) P.F.Hunt (Family: Orchidaceae), locally known as ‘Miral Baha’ among the Santhal community of Ultapani Forest Range, BTR, Assam, blooms in the month of July to November. The present study was aimed to carry out the ethnobotanical studies, macroscopic, pharmacognostic, preliminary phytochemical and heavy metal analysis of A. rigida. Apart from being an eye-catching ornamental plant, it has a number of medicinal potentialities as folk medicine among the Santhal community where the leaves are used for recovering throat cancer and epilepsy and the paste helps in relieving rheumatism, healing wound as tonic to strengthen the body and increase blood in the body. Parenchyma cells, stomata, fibre were observed in the microscopic examination of powdered plant part. The pulverised leaves colour, odour, flavor/taste and texture were all satisfactory. Preliminary phytochemical screening of A. rigida leaves aqueous extract confirmed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, steroids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, whereas phlobatannins was absent. Heavy metal tests revealed that the samples were free from bismuth, cadmium and lead. The present studies might be significant to establish the pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards of this orchid species and may help in the identification, to ensure quality and purity and standardization of the herbal drug.
The Role of Trust in Understanding the Impact of Social Media Marketing on Brand Equity and Brand Loyalty
Authors: Ayyub Muhammad Furqan , Asghar Adnan , Arshad Hafiz Muhammad Jawad
Published: July 2022

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Globalization and Economic Growth in West Africa (1990 - 2019)
Authors: Usman Owolabi A.
Published: July 2022

This study investigated the impact of overall and economic globalizations on economic growth in West Africa between 1990 and 2019.Data were sourced secondarily from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and Konjunkturforshungsstelle (KOF) data base.The study employed  Pooled Ordinary Least Suare (OLS) and Fixed effect OLS for data analysis.The result obtained from sPooled OLS revealed that overall globalization  had significant and positive impact on economic growth in West Africa while the result from Fixed effect showed otherwise.Further,the result from Pooled OLS also showed positive and significant effect of economic globalization on economic growth while the result from the Fixed effect showed no impact of economic globalization on economic growth in West Africa.Therefore, the study recommended that Government policy should adopt overall globalization as a major factor of economic growth.Also, Government should formulate policy to encourage trade openness,Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and capital inflows which are the major platform upon which economic globalization rested.
A Novel Statistical Modeling Approach to Developing IDF Relations in the Context of Climate Change
Authors:   McGill University, Nguyen Van-Thanh-Van , Nguyen Truong-Huy ,   McGill University
Published: July 2022

Extreme rainfall intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relations have been commonly used for estimating the design storm for the design of various urban water infrastructures. In recent years, climate change has been recognized as having a profound impact on the hydrologic cycle. Hence, the derivation of IDF relations in the context of a changing climate has been recognized as one of the most challenging tasks in current engineering practice. The main challenge is how to establish the linkages between the climate projections given by climate models at the global or regional scales and the observed extreme rainfalls at a local site of interest. Therefore, our overall objective is to introduce a new statistical modeling approach to linking global or regional climate predictors to the observed daily and sub-daily rainfall extremes at a given location. Illustrative applications using climate simulations from 21 different global climate models and extreme rainfall data available from rain gauge networks located across Canada are presented to indicate the feasibility, accuracy, and robustness of the proposed modeling approach for assessing the climate change impact on IDF relations.
Liberalism and Social Theory after John Rawls
Authors: Forrester Katrina
Published: July 2022

Does neo-Rawlsian political philosophy offer an adequate account of the social conditions of capitalism? In this paper, I present two arguments for thinking that it does not. First, I develop a historicist critique of liberal egalitarianism, arguing that it provides a vision of social reality that is intimately connected to the historical and ideological constellation that I call postwar liberalism, and as such cannot account for social reality since the neoliberal revolutions of the late twentieth century. Second, I explore arguments in Marxist and critical social theory that cast liberal egalitarianism as partial, on account of its inadequate portrait of capitalist society. In surveying responses to these critiques, I argue that merely extending liberal egalitarianism into new domains to account for how contemporary circumstances have changed since the mid-twentieth century cannot address the problem of its partial view of the social world. Taking seriously the insights of critical social theory and the study of capitalism should lead to a challenge to liberal egalitarianism, not an extension of it.
Durkheimian Thoughts on In the Shadow of Justice
Authors: Isaac Joel
Published: July 2022

This paper uses Durkheim’s distinction between cause and function to explore the aims and implications of Forrester’s critique of liberal egalitarianism in In the Shadow of Justice. I suggest that there is an interesting tension in Forrester’s argument between the portrayal of Rawlsian justice theory as a vestigial institution—a ‘survival’—left over from 1950s liberalism, and its continuing presence in political theory as a doctrine that has a strong function in policing the bounds of permissible philosophical discourse on politics. I then suggest that liberals are, in their nature, functionalists about politics, and that this may mean that they cannot easily countenance the kind of realism for which Forrester advocates at the end of her book.
Germling culture and molecular analysis of evasive micro-filamentous green algae growing in the Maltese islands (central Mediterranean)
Authors: Bartolo Angela G. , Zammit Gabrielle , Küpper Frithjof C.
Published: July 2022

Various species of marine micro-filamentous green algae (<5 mm) remain overlooked globally. They are difficult to identify in field collections due to their diminutive size and their cryptic morphology. During this study, algal cultures combined with DNA barcoding helped to overcome these challenges. Both substratum samples and macrophytic fragments ofPosidonia oceanica,Dictyopterissp. andHalopterissp. were incubated in laboratory culture. Germlings ofUlvella endostracaandBlastophysa rhizopusgrew from the incubated substratum.Blastophysa rhizopusis a new record for the Maltese islands, as isU. endostracathat had only been reported previously from New Zealand.In situ, germlings of both species were also observed to grow as epiphytes, onDictyopterissp. in the case ofU. endostraca, and onP. oceanicain the case ofB. rhizopus. This study employed thein vitroculture of algal germlings, as well as morphological and molecular analyses. DNA data and subsequent phylogenetic analyses oftufA andrbcL sequences supported the separation ofU. endostracafrom other closely related congeners that have been previously reported from the Maltese islands. Moreover, this study includes a comparison of the micro-filamentous algae identified from Malta with those from other areas of the Mediterranean Sea.