bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEKNIK PEMBESARAN IKAN NILEM (Osteochilus hasselti) DI BALAI PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMACUAN STOK IKAN GURAME DAN NILEM (BPPSIGN) TASIKMALAYA, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Syamsuri Aulia Ikhsan , Alfian M Wahyu , Muharta Vivaldy Phaza , Mukti Akhmad Taufiq , Kismiyati Kismiyati Kismiyati , Satyantini Woro Hastuti
Published: June 2019

Ikan nilem (Osteochilus hasselti) merupakan salah satu ikan endemik Indonesia khususnya daerah Jawa Barat yang hidup di perairan tawar. Ikan nilem memiliki ciri yang hampir serupa dengan ikan mas, dikarenakan ikan tersebut masih satu famili dengan ikan mas. Keunggulan dari ikan nilem bukan hanya dari hal gizi, namun juga dikarenakan harga ikan yang sangat terjangkau bagi masyarakat dan ikan ini sangat digemari oleh masyarakat di daerah Jawa Barat. Praktek Kerja Lapang ini dilaksanakan di Balai Pengembangan dan Pemacuan Stok Ikan Gurame dan Nilem Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat pada tanggal 23 Januari sampai 23 Februari 2017. Metode kerja yang digunakan dalam Praktek Kerja Lapang adalah dengan cara mengikuti langsung kegiatan pembesaran ikan nilem dimulai dari persiapan kolam, penyediaan air budidaya, sumber air yang dipakai dan penebaran benih ikan nilem di Balai Pengembangan dan Pemacuan Stok Ikan Gurame dan Nilem Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Hasil Praktek Kerja Lapang tentang teknik pembesaran ikan nilem adalah dimulai dari persiapan kolam, pada bagian kolam dilakukan pembersihan kolam, pembalikan tanah, pengeringan kolam yang dilakukan selama 5 – 7 hari, selanjutnya dilakukan penggaraman dan pengapuran dengan perbandingan 1:1 serta dosis masing-masing 75-100 gram/m2 dan dibiarkan selama 5 hari. Selanjutnya, air dialirkan dari bak filter ke kolam sampai ketinggian 100-120 cm. Penebaran benih ikan nilem dilakukan pada pagi hari untuk menghindari stress ikan. Benih ikan diperoleh dari balai itu sendiri, dengan ukuran 5-6 cm pada fase pendederan ketiga. Pakan diberikan sebanyak dua kali sehari yaitu pada waktu pagi dan sore hari dengan dosis masing-masing 1,45 kg/pemberian. Sumber air yang digunakan pada kolam pembesaran ikan nilem berasal dari saluran irigasi sungai Cipakat dan sumur bor digunakan pada musim kemarau. Parameter kualitas air diukur setiap satu minggu sekali. Suhu rata-rata untuk ikan nilem antara 23,140 C – 27,730 C, pH rata-rata 6,22 dan DO rata-rata 5,45 mg/l. Pada saat praktek kerja lapang tidak dilakukan pergantian air kolam dikarenakan, kondisi bahan organik tergolong tidak berlebihan, sehingga tidak mengakibatkan kematian pada ikan. Hal tersebut disebabkan kepadatan ikan yang dipelihara tidak tinggi dalam satu kolam. Pencegahan hama dan penyakit ikan nilem dilakukan dengan pemberian tanaman babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides) dan jarong (Achyranthes aspera) pada proses persiapan kolam serta pemberian daun sente (Alocasia macrorrhiza) dan daun singkong (Manihot esculenta) pada saat terjadi kematian mendadak.
TEKNIK PEMBENIHAN IKAN GURAME (Osphronemus gouramy) DI BALAI BENIH IKAN NGORO, JOMBANG
Authors: Budiana Budiana , Rahardja Boedi Setya
Published: June 2019

Indonesia memiliki potensi lahan budidaya yang cukup besar untuk mengembangkan budidaya ikan, salah satunya adalah ikan gurame. Ikan gurame merupakan ikan air tawar asli Indonesia yang termasuk dalam famili Labyrinthici. Ikan gurame sudah lama dibudidayakan dan dikonsumsi masyarakat karena rasa dagingnya lezat dan memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Pembenihan ikan gurame memiliki potensi tinggi untuk dilakukan karena produksi ikan gurame dari tahun ke tahun cenderung meningkat sehingga tingkat permintaan benih ikan gurame juga mengalami peningkatan. Praktek Kerja Lapang (PKL) dilaksanakan di Balai Benih Ikan Ngoro, Jombang pada tanggal 19 Desember 2017 sampai 19 Januari 2018. Tujuan Praktek Kerja Lapang ini adalah untuk mengetahui teknik pembenihan ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy) dan hambatan yang dihadapi dalam teknik pembenihan ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy). Metode kerja yang digunakan adalah metode partisipasi aktif dengan pengumpulan data meliputi data primer berupa observasi, wawancara dan partisipasi aktif serta data sekunder berupa studi pustaka untuk melengkapi data yang dikumpulkan. Teknik pembenihan ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy) di Balai Benih Ikan Ngoro, Jombang meliputi tahap persiapan kolam pemijahan, seleksi induk, pemijahan, pemanenan telur, penetasan telur dan pemeliharaan larva, pendederan, hama dan penyakit, panen dan pasca panen. Pemijahan dilakukan di kolam beton dengan perbandingan induk jantan dan betina 1:2. Nilai FR (Fertilization Rate), HR (Hatching Rate) dan SR (Survival Rate) yang didapatkan secara berturut-turut adalah 53,54 %; 87,73 % dan 86,26 %. Hambatan yang terdapat dalam teknik pembenihan ikan gurame (Osphronemus gouramy) di Balai Benih Ikan Ngoro, Jombang terdiri atas faktor internal yaitu biologis ikan dan faktor eksternal yaitu faktor lingkungan, kualitas air dan penyakit.
Hubungan antara Obesitas dengan Penurunan Fungsi Faal Paru pada Polisi Wanita di Polda Jawa Timur
Authors: Hardono Christina , Margono Benjamin Palgunadi
Published: June 2019

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in Indonesia, and there is evidence that obesity, in particular abdominal  obesity as a marker of insulin resistance, is negatively associated with pulmonary function. The mechanism for this association and  the best marker of abdominal adiposity in relation to pulmonary function is not known. Study objectives: We assessed the association  between pulmonary function (ie, FEV1 and FVC) [with maneuvers performed in the sitting position] with adiposity markers (ie, body  mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), as markers of adiposity and body fat distribution in Policewomen in East Java Police  Departement. We used paired student t test to analyze the association of pulmonary function and abdominal adiposity markers. Design:  Observational cross sectional analytic study. Setting and participants: A random sample of policewomen (n = 120) from the general  population East Java Police Departement, 20 to 45 years of age, who fulfill inclusion criterion of this study. Results: The measures  of adiposity (ie. Waist circumference and BMI) were not significantly related to %FEV1 and %FVC after analyzed with correlation  Pearson and Spearman test (p > 0.05). Conclusion: BMI categories and waist circumference (WC) were not associated with FEV1  percent predicted and FVC percent predicted, may be the physical activity twice a week can maintain health status.
Manajemen Pemberian Antibiotik dengan Hasil Uji Kepekaan Resisten
Authors: Putra Deny Perdana , Kusmiati Tutik
Published: June 2019

The use of antibiotics in developed countries 13-37% and 30-80% in developing countries. Inappropriate use of antibiotics around 40-62%. There is a relationship between the use of antibiotics in bacterial resistance. Reported a man, 45 years old with a diagnosis of pneumonia + sepsis + DM Type 2 + hypoalbuminemia + anemia + suspek nephrotic syndrome. Empirical therapy is given Meropenem and Levofloxacin 1 750 3 1 grams milligrams. Evaluation after empirical therapy showed no improvement clinically and radiologically. The result of the patient ‘s sputum cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which are resistant to antibiotics tested, therefore the definitive therapy can not be given based on antibiotic susceptibility. The cause of this multifactorial resistance in patients with Pseudomonas resistance to antibiotics through four mechanisms. Therefore, definitive therapy based on local patterns of bacteria and sensitivity test on pneumonia issued by the Department of Microbiology Clinic. Based on the data, antibiotic Piperacillin-tazobactam 4 4, 5 grams are then administered. The results of the evaluation of clinical, radiological and laboratory showed significant improvements in patients.
Biomarker Pernapasan pada Penyakit Paru
Authors: Maulidiyah Novita , Amin Muhammad
Published: June 2019

Breath analysis provides a convenient and simple alternative to traditional specimen testing in clinical laboratory diagnosis. As such, substantial research has been devoted to the analysis and identification of breath biomarkers. Development of new analytes enhances the desirability of breath analysis especially for patients who monitor daily biochemical parameters. Elucidating the physiologic significance of volatile substances in breath is essential for clinical use. This review describes the use of breath biomarkers in diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), lung cancer, as well as other pulmonary diseases. A number of breath biomarkers in lung pathophysiology will be described including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other hydrocarbons.
Farmakogenomik Hepatotoksisitas Obat Anti Tuberkulosis
Authors: Wahyudi Andri Dwi , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: June 2019

Anti-TB drugs (ATD) associated with hepatotoxicity is a serious medical problem in the world, especially for patients with TB. The production and expenditures toxic drug metabolites depends on the activity of some enzymes, such as N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2), Cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYP2E1) and Glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1). Variations from the DNA sequence or polymorphism at this locus (NAT2, CYP2E1 and GSTM1) can modulate enzyme activity and can affect the risk of hepatotoxicity. Hepatotoxicity is generally unpredictable and occur in a small number of patients even when the drug was given according to the recommended dosage. Among the ATD, the metabolism of INH, which is one of the ATD forefront, has been studied extensively, and said acetylation by NAT2, oxidation by cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYP2E1) and detoxified by GST play an important role in the INH-induced hepatotoxicity. Since the prevalence of polymorphisms is different in worldwide populations, the risk of ATD hepatotoxicity varies in the populations. Thus, the knowledge of polymorphisms at these loci, prior to medication, may be useful in evaluating risk and controlling ATD hepatotoxicity.
TB MDR Primer dengan Limfadenitis TB pada Wanita SLE
Authors: Sari Ika Yunita , Kusmiati Tutik
Published: June 2019

Background: Primary resistance is the resistance that occurs in patients who have never received treatment OAT or had ever received  treatment OAT is less than 1 month. The incidence of primary MDR in Central Java in 2006 2.07%. Extrapulmonary TB about 15-20%  of all cases of TB, and TB lymphadenitis is the highest form (35% of all extrapulmonary TB). Patients with decreased immune systems  (SLE) can increase the incidence of TB. Research in Spain get 6x higher TB incidence in patients with SLE. Case: We present the case  of 19 year old woman SLE who received treatment for 11 months whose came with shortness of breath and chronic cough since 2 month  prior to admission. In physical examination we found right and left submandibula lymphonodi enlargement as solid, slightly mobile  nodule with diameter 3 cm. Chest X ray showed lung inflammation which suspicion of specific process and minimal left pleural effusion,  and concluded as pulmonary TB. FNAB confirmed lymphadenitis TB with granulomatous inflammation. One of AFB result is positive  and Gene Xpert is MTB positive with rifampicin resistant that make this patient categorized as primary MDR TB with lymphadenitis  TB. This patient received Pirazinamid 1500 mg, Ethambutol 800 mg, Kanamicin 750 mg, Levofloxacin 750 mg, Ethionamide 500 mg,  Cicloserin 500 mg, and B6 100 mg. Conclusion: MDR TB in general occur in patients with a history of OAT previous TB (MDR TB  secondary). Primary MDR TB with lymphadenitis tb is a rare case, but can occur on the condition that decreases the immune system,  one of SLE. This involves multiple immune disorders caused by the use of long-term immunosuppressive therapy.
Obstructive Sleep Apneu (OSA), Obesitas Hypoventilation Syndrome (OHS) dan Gagal Napas
Authors: Mukhlis Mokhammad , Bakhtiar Arief
Published: June 2019

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a state of the occurrence of upper airway obstruction periodically during sleep that causes breathing to stop intermittently, either complete (apnea) or partial (hipopnea). Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is generally defined as a combination of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg / mc) with arterial hypercapnia while awake (PaCO2 > 45 mmHg) in the absence of other causes of hypoventilation. Purpose: In order for the pulomonologis can understand the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of OSA and its complications. Literature review: Several studies have been expressed about the link between OSA, OHS with respiratory failure disease. Pathophysiology of OSA, OHS in respiratory failure were difficult to detect, can cause respiratory failure disease management becomes less effective. Conclusion: A good understanding can help with the diagnosis and management of the appropriate conduct to prevent complications of respiratory failure associated with OSA.
Hubungan antara Pola Resistensi OAT Lini Pertama dan Gradasi Gambaran Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru MDR
Authors: Anjani Pramanindyah Bekti , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: June 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which has long been known and is still a cause of death in the world. The emergece of the drug resistance in TB treatment, particularly Multi drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) become a significant public health problem in many countries. The diagnosis of MDR TB based on culture results. In some cases radiographic feature with severe abnormalities consideres as MDR TB. From this phenomenon, there is no research that connects the resistance pattern of first line ATD with chest x-ray feature in patients with MDR TB. Methods: The research design are analytical observational with cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital. Subjects were patients who are following a theraphy program in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital from 2012 to 2014 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 65 patients. Result: the result of this study showed that of all patterns of resistance, most of the MDR TB patients were classified as having severe chest radiograph. 27 patients with RH resistance patterns, there were 14(51.9%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 5 patients with RHS resistance patterns, 2(60%) vwho had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 13 patients RHES resistance patterns, 8(61.5%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 20 patients with RHE resistance patterns, 14(70%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. Conclusion: There were no significant association between resistance pattern of first line ATD and chest x-ray feature in patient with MDR TB.
Kepositifan Induksi Sputum NaCl 3% dan Teknik Broncho Alveolar Lavage pada Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Authors: Marhana Isnin Anang , Puspitarini Retna Dwi
Published: June 2019

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients immunocompromised. The incidence of PCP in HIV are 0.3 cases per 100 person years with mortality 63.6%. The diagnosis of PCP experiencing difficulties because of the causative organism can not be cultured. Several attempts were carried out to obtain a representative sample sputum through induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage. This study compared the use of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnosis of PCP. Methods: From September, 2015, to February, 2016, HIV-positive patients 21 to 65 years old were evaluated at UPIPI ward, Soetomo hospital with suspicion of PCP based on clinical and radiological findings. Sputum induction and BAL was done for Giemsa staining. Result: Thirteen subjects with a mean age of 40, with 11 male (84.6%). All subjects with chief complain shortness of breath and common complain cough with hard to expetorate. Most frequent risk factors was freesex. Mean of subjects received treatment cotrimoxazole is 3.5 days. Six subjects have been treated with ART. Mean of LDH serum was 554.62 ± 376.707 U/l. Interstitial infiltrate was the most frequent radiological pattern (76.9%). Most bronchoscopy examinations showed normal results (84.6%). Both Giemsa staining from induced sputum and BAL showed no positive results. Conclusion: All Giemsa staining from both induced sputum and BAL can not be compared due to no positive result.
Seorang Penderita Siliko Tuberkulosis dengan Penyulit Pneumotoraks
Authors: Koesoemoprodjo Winariani , Merinda Vinodini
Published: June 2019

Background: Silicosis is a lung disease caused by the work because of respirable crystalline silica. Often occurs in workers mining gold, iron, tin, granite, sandstone, slate, foundries, cement, ceramics and glass. The risk of silicosis develop into lung tuberculosis (TB) is higher than patients without silicosis. Another complication of silicosis is secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. Case : A man, 45 years old with a history of work as a bricklayer for 5 years with complaints shortness of breath since three days before admitted to the hospital, chest pain in the right hemithorax, and had chronic cough. Patients is on ATD therapy. From radiographic there is collapse lung, it was shown collapse line on the right hemithorax, and fibroinfiltrat with multiple cavities on both hemithorax. Patients then got chest tube insertion and evaluation for 3 weeks, but the lung has not expanded. From thoracoscopy, there is fibrotic band on the pleural space with conclution right trapped lung. From forcep biopsy on visceral pleura showed a widened alveolar epithelial layer coated with a pile of inflammatory lymphocytes and dust pigments. From broncoscopy, there is chronic lung inflamation. Spectrophotometric analysis from BAL specimens results showed a silica content of 4.25 ppm SiO2 from left BAL an 14.34 ppm SiO2 on the right BAL. Furthurmore, this patient got pleurodesis using betadine agent and continue the ATD. Evaluation the lung is fully expanded. Conclusion : This case illustrates the secondary spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication of silicotuberkulosis. No drug has proven effective for silicosis. Treatment is aimed to the disease complications that occur, in this case is secondary spontaneous pneumothorax and lung TB. Prevention at workplaces that have a risk of silicosis is very important.
Seorang Laki-Laki dengan Tumor Mediastinum Posterior ( Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor )
Authors: Maranatha Daniel , Yuniati Shinta Karina
Published: June 2019

Background: Malignant tumors arising from peripheral nerves or displaying differentiation along the lines of the various elements of the nerve sheath are referred to Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and also called malignant schwannomas or neurofibrosarcomas. The common sites of involvement are head, neck, extremities and thorax. This case was discussed due to its rare incidence, namely less than 5% of soft tissue malignant tumor. The overall five year survival rate is approximately 50% in patients with resectable tumor. Case: We report a case of MPNST arising from mediastinum, the patient was a male, 41-years-old, with chief complaint are chest pain and mass in the back. Contrast enhanced chest CT Scan showed a solid mass (10.02 × 6.97 × 10.53 cm) in the right side of the posterior mediastinum. On microscopic examination with hematoxylin eosin imunostaining, of the mass on mediastinum showed typical features of MPNST, which were positive for S-100 imunostaining. Based on convensional histopathologic and imunostaining, this case was concluded as Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). Conclusion: The treatment of chest wall MPNSTs is multimodality, including wide local excision, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In our case, we performed direct excision due to the infiltrating mass to the surrounding tissue, so the prognosis for this case was good. This case indicates the role of chemotherapy in treatment of advanced MPNST. Studies shows the superiority of the doxorubicin–ifosfamide regimen. As in this case the patient showed complete respons after surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Aspirasi Jarum Pentul yang Tertanam 10 Hari di Bronkus Kanan Seorang Remaja
Authors: Pradjoko Isnu , Syafa’ah Irmi , Subianto Aries
Published: June 2019

Background: Foreign bodies can come from outside the body (exogenous) and in the body (endogenous). Foreign bodies can cause total obstruction resulting in atelectasis or partial obstruction with emphysema. Case: A 14-year-old girl with a cough with phlegm mixed with blood spots one day before admission. Patients swallowed needle 10 days ago while wearing jilbab while joking at school. Chest X-rays appear density of a metal with a long straight form of about 3.5 cm projected in the lower right hemitorac. Discussion: Performed Fiber Optic Bronchoscopy (FOB) with diagnostic and therapeutic indications for picking up foreign objects. In patients there is minimal bleeding post extraction pentul needle. Bleeding can be overcome by administering a cold sterile NaCl solution to the airway. Thoracotomy is not performed on the patient because the needle can be taken using FOB. Conclusion: Foreign bodies of the airways can be harmful. The needle extraction using FOB can rule out the need for thoracotomy in patients.
Perubahan Fungsi Paru Pada Usia Tua
Authors: Hasan Helmia , Maranatha Rena Arusita
Published: June 2019

Aging causes many changes in biological processes characterized by progressive and widespread changes associated with increased susceptibility to various diseases. Aging is not a homogeneous process. In contrast, human organs aging at different rates are affected by several factors, including genetic factors, lifestyle, and environmental exposure. Healthy aging remains accompanied by some morphological and functional changes in the respiratory system. During the first two decades of life, the lungs undergo a phase of growth and maturation. Respiratory system achieves maximum function at the age of 20 years for women and 25 years for men. Throughout the rest of life, aging is associated with a progressive decline in pulmonary performance and function. The normal aging of the respiratory system is associated with structural and functional decline in the respiratory system, resulting in increased respiratory work compared to younger subjects and is associated with reduced reserves in cases of acute illness, such as heart failure, infection, or airway obstruction. Pulmonary function decreases slowly throughout life even in healthy people. Disabilities and diseases related to aging are a global problem due to the longevity of life expectancy. An increased proportion of the elderly population is a challenge for doctors because of the clinical complexity of the elderly. A better understanding of change can help diagnose and treat lung disease in the elderly population.
Aspergilloma pada Tuberkulosis Paru
Authors: Soedarsono Soedarsono , Widoretno Elisabeth Tri Wahyuni
Published: June 2019

The incidence of lung aspergillosis increases year to year. Lung aspergilloma is the most recognizable form of aspergillosis. Since 1980, the most common condition for initiating aspergillosis is tuberculosis (TB). Untreated pulmonary TB can cause several complications, such as decreases of pulmonary function, persistent pulmonary symptoms and Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA). More than 90% Aspergillosis is caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, this type is also widely found in people with TB. This type of fungus has a simple biological cycle with high sporulation capacity, which causes the release of conidia into the atmosphere with high concentrations. Humans inhale hundreds of conidia each day. Immuno competent hosts are capable of destroying conidia with the pulmonary immune system. Aspergillus infections cause illness when the host response is too strong or weak to the aspergillus antigen. The CPA morbidity rate is quite large with systemic symptoms and respiratory symptoms due to progressive pulmonary fibrosis and diminished lung function. During treatment, the CPA has a fatality rate of 20-33% in the short term and more than 50% in the span of 5 years. The Research Committee of the British Tuberculosis Association found that patients with post-TB cavity had a high risk of fungal colonization. The cavity formed in pulmonary TB is a suitable place for the development of various organisms including the fungus because it contains enough oxygen and necrotic tissue. The most common form of CPA associated with TB is Aspergilloma. In this review we will focus on aspergilloma, its diagnosis and management.
Characteristics and the Side Effects of New MDR-TB Treatment in the Dr. Soetomo Hospital during 2016
Authors: Fatmawati Umi , Kusmiati Tutik
Published: June 2019

Background: The Multi Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) prevalence rate is by 6900 in which there are 1.9% of new cases and 12 % of cases fail. Indonesia ranks eighth out of 27 countries in the world. This study is aimed to investigate the characteristics of the new MDR TB patient demographic data, treatment, and side effects. Method: This research was analyzed retrospective data of the Medical Record (MR). Data were analyzed qualitatively. Results: The number of new patients are 82 people consisting of 41 men and 41 women. About 35 patients came from Surabaya and 47 were from outside Surabaya. Among those, 28 patients are 51–60 years old. Patients in the intensive phase (0–8 month) were 47 patient and 35 patients were in the continue phase 9–24 month. The main cause is the highest MDR-TB relapse 33 patients. Cycloserin and ethionamide prescribed to all of the subject followed by levofloxacin which is prescribed to 68 patients. The other medication were kanamycin, capreomycon, moxifloxacin and Para Amino Salicylat (PAS) which administered to 27,14,7 patient consecutively. Nausea is the one of the Adverse Drug reaction (ADR) that is preverly emerged. There were 30 patients complary this ADR and treatment which Omeprazole and Ranitidin. Conclusion: Characteristics of patients greatly differed between patients categories. In Soetomo hospital effort should be made to improve management case, drug and prevent or eliminate adverse drug reaction.
Faal Paru Dinamis
Authors: Bakhtiar Arief , Tantri Renny Irviana Eka
Published: June 2019

Pulmonary function is an examination to measure lung volume function using spirometry. Tests with spirometry to detect abnormalities associated with respiratory distress. Spirometry examination is not only to determine the diagnosis but also to assess the severity of obstruction, restriction, and the effects of treatment. Spirometry examination is a test to measure the volume of a person’s static and dynamic lungs with a spirometer tool. Dynamic lung spirometry consists of Forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume (FEVT), Forced expiratory flow200-1200 / FEF 200-1200, Forced expiratory flow25% -75% / FEF 25% -75%, Peak expiratory flow rate / PEFR, Maximum voluntary ventilation / MVV / MBC, FEV1 / FVC Ratio. Ventilation disorders consist of: restriction and obstruction disorders. Restriction is a disorder of lung development by any cause. In obstruction disorder, it shows a decrease in velocity of expiratory flow and normal vital capacity. FEV values, which are widely used are FEV1 / FVC, abnormal when <80%, FEV1 / FVC ratio <80%. This parameter is very important because the accuracy level for obstruction in the central airway is quite large. In obstructive disorder there is generally a decrease in pulmonary dynamic volume. Significant parameters are FEV 1 / FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75. The FEV1 / FVC ratio is important because the accuracy level for obstruction in the central airway is considerable, whereas FEF 25-75 indicates obstruction in the small airway.
Avaliação da sexualidade em paciente adulta com hiperplasia adrenal congênita forma clássica não-perdedora de sal: relato de caso
Authors: Amaral Ana Alice Silva , Lopes Elisa Santos , Bruno Zenilda Vieira , Britto Débora Fernandes
Published: June 2019

A hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva, que pode levar a alterações hormonais desde o início do desenvolvimento endocrinológico.  As pacientes femininas com HAC com ambiguidade genital foram submetidas a um processo de virilização da genitália externa devido aos altos níveis de androgênios circulantes durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente com HAC e genitália ambígua submetida a cirurgias de correção genital e estudamos a sua sexualidade por meio da anamnese e do uso de um instrumento para avaliar a função sexual feminina em toda sua complexidade, o Índice de Função Sexual Feminina (Female Sexual Function Index - FSFI). Foi encontrado uma disfunção sexual importante e comparamos os dados obtidos com a literatura, obtendo notórias confirmações da importância do suporte psicológico, familiar e social para a saúde sexual da paciente com HAC, além do tratamento cirúrgico e hormonal.
CRIANÇAS, SUJEITOS DE DIREITOS: UM DESAFIO PARA A TEOLOGIA AFRICANA
Authors: De Souza e Silva Sidney Pereira
Published: June 2019

Este artigo pretende destacar os avanços da igreja africana e da sua teologia – que tem alguns nomes de peso, incluindo algumas mulheres – que têm contribuído para uma melhoria na África diante dos seus desafios: miséria, recessão econômica, doenças, fome, guerras e violência contra grupos minoritários, mulheres e crianças. Atenta-se, também, para o papel importante da Teologia Africana em relação a temas como o racismo, a opressão do mercado e a opressão da religião. É apresentada a triste realidade de Moçambique, onde este pesquisador já teve a proveitosa oportunidade de trabalhar e visitar seis vezes, cuidando e ajudando crianças de rua nas suas grandes cidades. Assim, pretende-se encorajar outros investigadores a continuarem seus estudos sobre a Teologia Africana e como ela pode ser libertadora.In this paper we want to show the advances of the African church and its theology – which has some important names, including some women – that have contributed to an improvement in Africa in the face of its challenges: poverty, economic recession, disease, hunger, wars and violence against minority groups, women and children. It also addresses the important role of African Theology in dealing with issues such as racism, market oppression and the oppression of religion. The sad reality of Mozambique is presented, where this researcher has already had the opportunity to work and visit six times, caring for and helping street children in their big cities. Thus, it is intended to encourage other researchers to continue their studies on African Theology and how it can be liberating.
PLURALIDADE CULTURAL E RELIGIOSA NO BRASIL: UM OLHAR PENTECOSTAL
Authors: Lima Adriano Sousa
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo vai refletir sobre o pluralismo cultural e religioso no Brasil, desde uma perspectiva pentecostal. O olhar pentecostal para a pluralidade cultural e religiosa nesse texto é positivo e não negativo; é propositivo e dialógico e não apologético. Analisando os últimos dados (sobre as religiões) do IBGE e outras referências bibliográficas, o autor destaca o crescimento das diversas tradições religiosas no país, como um aspecto que legitima inclusive a democracia brasileira. Como fica claro no texto, o objetivo é demonstrar que os pentecostais estão mudando (ainda que lentamente) a maneira de olhar para a diversidade cultural e religiosa no Brasil. Essa mudança implica em aprofundamento (e não esvaziamento) da identidade pentecostal. O autor conclui que a pluralidade cultural e religiosa no Brasil é um fato concreto estabelecido, que exige diálogo e discernimento e não rejeição e condenação.
CONSELHO PAROQUIAL: LOCUS DE CONSTRUÇÃO DO SUJEITO POLÍTICO
Authors: Vasconcelos Francisco Antonio de
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo resulta de minha pesquisa de Pós-Doutorado em Ciências da Religião (outubro/2015 a abril/2017), na Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. O problema de pesquisa enfrentado foi saber se participar de espaços da espécie dos Conselhos Paroquiais, em que se procura tomar decisões discursivamente (respeitando-se o princípio habermasiano de condições ideais de fala), favorece a construção política do indivíduo. A metodologia adotada foi constituída pela história oral e a pesquisa bibliográfica. A década de 2000 foi o recorte temporal considerado. Três teorias nortearam este trabalho: a teoria do agir comunicativo, a teoria dos estigmas e a teoria do poder simbólico.
Espiritualidade e Violência Doméstica no Brasil
Authors: Butterfield Robert
Published: June 2019

Comecemos com uma definição: «Espiritualidade» significa se viver consciente e intencionalmente em diálogo com Deus.  Para pessoas muito ocupadas ou estressadas, tal maneira de viver poderia parecer um luxo fora de seu alcance.  Mas sendo todos os humanos feitos à imagem e semelhança de Deus, nenhuma ação nossa poderia ser mais natural ou mais terapêutica do que falar com Deus.  De fato, voltarmos a falar com Deus já constitui arrependimento e tem o efeito de descargar o fardo de pesar, culpa, rencor, preconceito e sofrimento que estamos carregando, e de renovar nosso relacionamento com Deus.
Evangélicos e a sociedade em rede. As eleições de 2018 e o impacto das redes sociais no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Nelson Lellis Ramos
Published: June 2019

Analisando a partir de autores e autoras que laboram acerca do fenômeno de uma espiritualidade voltada para a esfera virtual e seus desdobramentos que perpassam a mística e as relações interpessoais, o presente artigo aborda essa espiritualidade virtual em relação à política brasileira, delimitada aqui nas eleições presidenciáveis de 2018. Com o advento da internet, é possível afirmarmos, baseados em Castells, que a audiência tornou-se mais seletiva devido à multiplicidade de mensagens e fontes. As pessoas acessam aquilo que lhes interessa. E, segundo pesquisa divulgada pelo IBGE, a transmissão da mensagem é a principal finalidade de acesso à internet. Este relatório pretendeu, a partir da análise de dados divulgados por institutos de pesquisas, compreender como a espiritualidade-política-virtual teve participação efetiva na candidatura de Jair Bolsonaro à presidência do Brasil.
MALE AND FEMALE STUDENT’S LINGUISTIC POLITENESS IN SPEAKING CLASSROOM
Authors: Nurjanah Oktanika Wahyu
Published: June 2019

Communicative competence emphasizes that the knowledge of grammatical rules is not sufficient to communicate comprehensively, therefore it needs pragmatic knowledge. Without pragmatic understanding, there will be many failures in communication for example is misunderstanding. Besides, one important aspect of pragmatic competence is politeness. Many researches have been conducted in this field, however only few that specifically revealed the differences between male and female linguistic politeness in speaking classroom, whereas its primary data are utterances. It becomes a consideration of this research to be conducted in the speaking classroom of university student, especially international relations major students. The observation is conducted based on the adaptation from DCT by Bacha, Bahous & Diab (2012). Furthermore, the data are analyzed using some politeness theories. The result showed that in general, female students are more polite compared to male students. At last, teachers should understand this fact by do not expecting male students to be as polite as female, basically they are unique their way.

 

 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
 
The Development of Skill Workbook of Strategic Management Course for Student of Management Science Faculty, Thepsatri Rajabhat University
Authors: Puangpejara Kulchalee
Published: June 2019

The objectives of this research were to: (1) develop the skill workbook on environmental analysis and generating strategies of strategic management course for students of Faculty of Management Science, Thepsatri Rajabhat University in order to meet the standard criterion of 80/80; and (2) compare the students’ learning achievement before and after using the skill workbook. The samples, selected by purposive sampling, were 35 students of accountant major of Faculty of Management Science, Thepsatri Rajabhat University. The research instruments included: 1) a skill workbook on the environmental analysis and generating strategies, and 2) a learning achievement test.The data were systematically analyzed by descriptive statistics (percentage :% ; mean : M; and standard deviation : S.D.) and inferential statistics (t-test dependent). The research findings were as follows: 1) the efficiency of the skill workbook yielded the value at 83.84/81.32, which was higher than the standard criterion of 80/80. That was to say, the students’ knowledge on strategic management course attained by using skill workbook as teaching aid was improved, and 2) the students’ learning achievement after using the aforementioned workbook was higher than that before using it because posttest mean score (M = 16.31) was higher than pretest mean score (M = 8.37) with the systematically significant difference at the p=.05 level.
The Parents School Program at Baturraden Natural School
Authors: Alimuddin Johar , Safar Mira Purnamasari
Published: June 2019

The aims of this research were to reveal: (a) The concept and aim of The Parent’s School that is implemented in Baturraden Nature School (b) Activities that are done by parents when they are involved in children education. (c) Challenges from the implementation of the parent’s school program. This research applied case study qualitative approach because it wanted to reveal what is behind the parent’s school program that is implemented in Baturraden Nature School.  This research also revealed any activity that involved the parents in the educational practice in Baturraden nature school. Moreover, it also revealed challenges as well as the things that attribute the implementation of the parent’s school activity in Baturraden nature school. The research data was gained from interview, observation, and document analysis. The parent’s school is a parent’s involvement program in children education that is considered as parent’s education needs model. The form of the parent’s school was not only conference, but it was varied through a variety of activities such as outbound or games.  The parent’s school activity that has been joined by the students’ parents were closed with reflection and question and answer with psychologist or expert. Parents were also involved in the children’s assignment or project at home. This parent’s school activity was high almost ever students’ parents in the Baturraden nature school attended. This parent’ school program was very helpful in monitoring the students’ development as well as able to increase the children’s potential.
Critical Thinking Skills of Physics Education Students Through CTL-Based Fundamental Biology
Authors: Mulyono Yatin
Published: June 2019

The aim of this research is to improve critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of Physics Education students after learning fundamental biology based on CTL Experimental method. Essay and scoring rubric of critical thinking skills were used to find out what happened to students in term of critical thinking skill of doing essay. The data of students' critical thinking skills were calculated to obtain the data of critical thinking skills of the whole class. There was an improvement of students' critical thinking skills from the initial condition to the First Meeting by 6.8% and from the First Meeting to the Second Meeting by 8.12%. Students cognitive learning outcomes of Meeting II obtained an average value of 76.82. Improvement of students’ cognitive learning outcomes from the initial conditions to the First Meeting was 10.54 and from Meeting I to Meeting II was 3.2. The objectives or target of classical learning is achieved. The results shows that CTL experimental method can improve critical thinking skills and cognitive learning outcomes of Physics Education students.
Blended Learning Instructional Design Development On The Prepackaged Products Training Using Pedati Model
Authors: Febriantoro Wicaksono
Published: June 2019

Civil State Apparatus (ASN) Act No. 5 2014 stated that ASN have the right to gain competence development. Further in PP No.11 2017 on Civil Servant Management confirmed that every government officer is entitled to competence development for at least 20 (twenty) lesson hours in 1 (one) year.Limited metrological technical training allocationcauses not all ASN in Indonesia have the opportunity to develop their competence. Therefore, it is necessary to develop varieties of metrological trainings in addition to conventional methods. The alternative is e-learning based training. One of its goal is to reduce face to face lesson hour, as a result more technical training can be conducted by PPSDK without compromising training quality. This study will analyzed the development of blended learning design that is tailored to the training needs and characteristics of participants in government institutions with prepackaged products training case study using PEDATI model. Research and development (R&D) methods with descriptive qualitative approach is used in this study. Design outcomes are as follows: all stages in PEDATI model can be used to develop blended learning instructional design based on validation by subject matter experts. A recommendation in the 4th stage the design of asynchronous learning activities should include time allocation for each learning activity in order to estimate the total time required. Accurate learning activity mapping into synchronous and asynchronous learning can ensure the achievement of competence standard and simultaneously reducing time needed to conduct face to face learning. The design prune face to face learning activity from total 50 Learning Hours (5 days) to only 20 Learning Hours (2 days), but as the trade off training participants have to occupy longer time in online activities.
Special Issue on Education Based on Practical Exercise on Sensing and Control
Authors: Fujisawa Shoichiro , Kawada Kazuo , Ohnishi Yoshihiro
Published: June 2019

Control engineering and sensing engineering improve productivity and save resources and energy in industry, and they are also deeply related to the solving greater societal, economic, and environmental problems. Control engineering and sensing engineering have become dynamic forces that enrich various phases of life through interdisciplinary or cross-sectional study. Furthermore, in recent years, due to the development of information technology, as symbolized by terms such as “big data” or “AI,” “sensing and control at a higher level” has become possible, premised by big data processing that is faster by orders of magnitude than conventional data processing. All this has increased the importance of control engineering and sensing engineering.

In response to the development of the fields of control engineering and sensing engineering associated with the advance of the “information society,” education in these fields has also needed to be enhanced. On the national scale, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology will introduce Japanese elementary school computational thinking education into elementary school in fiscal year 2020, and the new Courses of Study for High School Information Education in fiscal year 2022. At the same time, individual companies, educational institutions, etc. have also been experimenting with various forms of education in control engineering and sensing engineering. During these changing times, the most advanced studies related to the development of instruction and evaluation methods for educational materials on control engineering, sensing engineering, and control technology have been collected, and the present special issue was planned.

This special issue is a collection of practical papers related to measurement and control education, including one paper on Model-Based Development education in a company and eight papers on education in an educational institution. These eight papers include two on education using a robot contest in a university, one on introducing measurement and control engineering education in a national institute of technology college, three on introducing it in a junior high school, and two on introducing it in an elementary school.

We hope that this special issue serves to support the readers’ future efforts in control engineering and sensing engineering education, and we thank the authors and reviewers of the papers.
Effects of Cerebrospinal Fluid AMPA Receptor Levels on the Clinical Efficacy of Lamotrigine in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Authors: Tan Qingjing , Liu Yonghui , Wei Tianlu , Yang Junwei , Wang Tianbao , Lin Haohai
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background ：Epilepsy is one of great health burden in the world, deeply effects epilepsy population’s mental and physical health,some can totally recover through effective treatment, while some others are difficult to recover even have life risks when seizure attacks. In that case,we explore the effects of cerebrospinal fluid AMPA receptor levels on the clinical efficacy of lamotrigine in the treatment of epilepsy.We believe our work might have an implication in the treatment of epilepsy.
Methods ：The 70 cases of epilepsy in our hospital were diagnosed and selected in this study from December 2016 to October 2018; The AMPA receptor content of patients in cerebrospinal fluid were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; The patients were paired into high AMPA group (n=34) and low AMPA group (n=36) according to the median value at 4.08 ng/ml. Clinical efficacy and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.
Results ：Before treatment, there was no significant difference in seizure frequency between the two groups (P>0.05); After treatment for 6 months and 12 months, the seizure frequencies of the two groups were gradually reduced (P<0.05); Moreover, the number of seizures in the low AMPA group were significantly less than those in the high AMPA group (P<0.05); The response rate of high AMPA group was 79.41%, which was significantly lower than that in the low group AMPA (χ2=6.055, P=0.048); The improvement on the efficiency of electroencephalogram in the high AMPA group was 67.65%, which was significantly lower than that in the low AMPA group (χ2=4.686, P=0.030); However, there was no significant on the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups (χ2=0.202, P=0.653).
Conclusions： AMPA receptor plays an important role in the development of epilepsy and the low AMPA receptor level patients were more efficacies to the treatment of lamotrigine.
Keywords：Lamotrigine; Epilepsy; AMPA receptor.