bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Desire for Enrichment as a Cause of Corruption of the Republic
Authors: Arkhipov F. V.
Published: December 2021

This study is devoted to the problem of material enrichment in the framework of Republican political theory. The aim of the work is to determine how the private desire for wealth correlates with the republican public virtues and affects the corruptio of the republic. The fact is that the desire for enrichment is the realization of a private self-interest. At the same time, the key republican virtue for the classical period — virtu — also assumes the presence of a private interest. In this regard, the author provides a theoretical justification for the permissibility of the desire for enrichment within the framework of republicanism.

The research methods are comparative, historical methods, as well as the methodology of the Cambridge school. Within the framework of the analysis of the texts of the Republican tradition, the author comes to the following results.

The corruptio of the republic takes place in cases where citizens are willing to compromise with the centralized political power of the state, giving up republican freedom for the sake of security and wealth. The most striking manifestation of this compromise is the transfer to the state of the function of distributing material goods in society. Wealth itself, in accordance with the classic Republican critique of statism, becomes dangerous when it replaces virtue, or becomes the price for which a person is willing to sell his freedom.

At the same time, the most dangerous form of such a deal can be called a compromise, in which republican institutions continue to function formally, but political participation in society is replaced by police state control. Corruption of morals, therefore, occurs when people are willing to give up personal freedom for the sake of material well-being and convenience. However, at the same time, there is an amazing ideological substitution, according to which the political sphere begins to be called the state apparatus, which as such suppresses politics. This is the moment at which the corruptio of the republic takes place.

As a result of the study, the author concludes that an effective compromise between a deviation from republican principles and private welfare is impossible. However, the desire to enrich itself can even be useful for the republic.
Do lugar às lições, dos saberes à formação: narrativas de experiência de moradores do Rosado/RN
Authors: Oliveira Aguiar Ana Lúcia , De Brito Fernandes Stenio
Published: December 2021

As lições da experiência de moradores da Comunidade do Rosado - distrito da cidade de Porto do Mangue no estado do Rio Grande do Norte-RN/Brasil se revelam, na medida em que se constroem e reconstroem suas formas de viver. Este artigo objetiva compreender, como as lições da experiência de moradores da Comunidade do Rosado/RN contribuem para a formação e transformação do cotidiano dos sujeitos do lugar. É uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, utilizamos como método de investigação a pesquisa (auto) biográfica, a partir das narrativas de dois moradores da Comunidade do Rosado/RN. Apontamos que as lições da experiência são preservadas entre seus moradores, a saber: pescar, rezar, plantar e ensinar entre outros, são praticados e compartilhados pelos sujeitos da comunidade. As narrativas tecidas se constituem no sentimento de identidade de um povo, na reconstrução das lições da experiência com o campo e com o mar, pois tudo isso passado de geração para geração, contribui para o reconhecimento desse povo, e torná-los visíveis no lugar em que vivem na construção do cotidiano em coletividade.
Comparison and Validation of Models for the Design of Optimal Economic Pipe Diameters: A Case Study in the Anseba Region, Eritrea
Authors: Arumugam Aanandsundar , Subramani Sobana , Kibrom Haben , Gebreamlak Medhanie , Mengstu Michael , Teame Merhawit
Published: December 2021

An optimal design for a pressurized flow pipe network is characterized by being economical and contributing the least amount of losses during water transmission through the system. The diameter of a pipe in a network system that delivers the desired effect with the minimum amount of waste and expenses is referred to as an optimal pipe size. The Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) model is widely recognized as the recommended standard technique to estimate the optimal pipe size for any pipe flow network system. Numerous empirical formulas have been proposed to simplify the computations required in this economic analysis model. This study seeks to compare the various empirical models that have been proposed by different authors based on a variety of physical variables involved in fluid flow dynamics. Eleven different empirical equations were chosen in order to select the optimal diameter for the network at the Hamelmalo Agricultural College farm located in the Anseba region of Eritrea for the distribution of water to the different sub-plots. The estimated diameters were compared to the standard diameter calculated using the standard LCCA method. This comparison was based on the estimated total head losses and economic analysis of the pipe diameters chosen for such network. Moreover, a statistical analysis was conducted to obtain the best-fit recommended modeled diameter for the network. The Bresse’s model performance was the most adequate when compared with the LCCA model.
Modelo de desarrollo para la construcción de aplicaciones móviles educativas
Authors: Escobar-Reynel Jorge Luis , Baena-Navarro Rubén , Giraldo-Tobón Beatriz , Macea-Anaya Mario , Castaño-Rivera Samir
Published: December 2021

Los dispositivos móviles promueven la construcción de saberes, fomentando el aprendizaje social y el intercambio de conocimientos. El aprendizaje móvil genera oportunidad de crecimiento y aplicación de prácticas innovadoras en los entornos educativos. El Gobierno colombiano, a través de estrategias de inversión que apuestan a la calidad educativa, dota de dispositivos móviles a las escuelas del país. No obstante, las aplicaciones móviles contenidas en estos dispositivos carecen de temáticas acordes al contexto y nivel educativo, diseño UX/UI y no promueven un mejoramiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El propósito de este trabajo fue presentar un modelo para el desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles educativas para docentes no programadores, que integre estrategias didácticas y metodológicas orientadas al mejoramiento académico. El desarrollo de este trabajo se apoyó en el uso de la investigación descriptiva con enfoque mixto, para hacer una interpretación de los resultados obtenidos y analizar la mediación de las aplicaciones móviles creadas bajo este modelo para coadyuvar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La investigación se llevó a cabo con docentes de diez instituciones educativas públicas, quienes presentaban desconocimiento y poca apropiación del aprendizaje móvil. Como resultado se proporcionó un modelo de desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles educativas, una contribución a la literatura existente en el contexto del aprendizaje móvil y el desarrollo de prácticas docentes innovadoras. Se concluye que el modelo de desarrollo de esta investigación puede ser utilizado para que profesores no desarrolladores puedan implementar aplicaciones móviles educativas que sirva como herramienta didáctica mediadora en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación primaria y secundaria.
Support Vector Machines for Biomarkers Detection in in vitro and in vivo Experiments of Organochlorines Exposure
Authors: Lopera-Rodríguez Jorge Alejandro , Zuluaga Martha , Jaramillo-Garzón Jorge Alberto
Published: December 2021

Metabolomic studies generate large amounts of data, whose complexity increases if they are derived from in vivo experiments. As a result, analysis methods highly used in metabolomics, such as Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), can have particular difficulties with this type of data. However, there is evidence that indicates that Support Vector Machines (SVMs) can better deal with complex data. On the other hand, chronic exposure to organochlorines is a public health problem. It has been associated with diseases such as cancer. Therefore, its identification is relevant to reduce their impact on human health. This study explores the performance of SVMs in classifying metabolic profiles and identifying relevant metabolites in studies of exposure to organochlorines. For this purpose, two experiments were conducted: in the first one, organochlorine exposure was evaluated in HepG2 cells; and, in the second one, it was evaluated in serum samples of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides. The performance of SVMs was compared with that of PLS-DA. Four kernel functions were assessed in SVMs, and the accuracy of both methods was evaluated using a k-fold cross-validation test. In order to identify the most relevant metabolites, Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) was used in SVMs and Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) in PLS-DA. The results show that SVMs exhibit a higher percentage of accuracy with fewer training samples and better performance in classifying the samples from the exposed agricultural workers. Finally, a workflow based on SVMs for the identification of biomarkers in samples with high biological complexity is proposed.
IODINE STATUS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND DISTRIBUTION OF IODINE, MERCURY, LEAD IN SOIL AND WATER IN THE ENDEMIC GOITER HILL AREA, PONOROGO
Authors: Musoddaq Muhamad Arif , Hidayat Taufiq , Khimayah Khimayah
Published: December 2021

Background.  Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) remained a public health problem. Ponorogo was an IDD endemic area with prominent cases of mental retardation. Despite the lack of iodine intake, exposure to environmental heavy metals can exacerbate the effects of iodine deficiency. Objective. To describe iodine status of school children and distribution of environmental iodine and heavy metals including mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in the endemic IDD hill area of Ponorogo. Method. This research is a cross-sectional study conducted in two villages in IDD endemic areas in Ponorogo, namely Dayakan and Watubonang villages, in 2011. A total of 127 urine samples of primary-school-age children were taken and analyzed for urinary iodine excretion (UIE). A total of 29 soil samples and 87 water samples were taken from the study site to measure the concentration of iodine and heavy metals Hg, Pb, and Cd. Types of water source, altitude, and land use, both soil and water source were recorded.  Results. The median (min-max) UIE was 130 (14 –1187 µg/L) within the range of adequate population iodine intake according to WHO (100-199 µg/L), while the percentage of UIE <100 µg/L was still around 33.07 percent. The concentration of iodine in the soil was 33.777 mg/kg (6.640 –108.809), and the concentration of iodine in the water was 8.0 µg/L (0-49). The concentration of Hg in the soil was 68.64 ppb (7.43–562.05), and the concentration of Hg in the water was 0.00 ppb (0.00-23.24).  The concentration of Pb in the soil was 3.273 ppm (0.000–25.227), while Pb was not identified in the water. The Cadmium was not detectable both in the soil and water. Conclusion. Iodine deficiency is still a public health problem in Dayakan and Watubonang villages. The environment of the endemic IDD area in Ponorogo was not completely poor in iodine, but iodine was not evenly spread and mobilized. There was a risk of environmental heavy metal exposure from Hg in the soil or water and Pb in the soil. Mercury in the environment can cause health problems due to the inhibition of the use of iodine in the thyroid gland.
THYROID FUNCTION AND MENTAL HEALTH IN CHILDBEARING AGE WOMEN
Authors: Kumorowulan Suryati , Nurcahyani Yusi Dwi , Latifah Leny , Yunitawati Diah
Published: December 2021

Background. Thyroid dysfunction is frequently associated with psychiatric problems, such as anxiety or depression. On the other hand, thyroid dysfunction patients have little reason to be concerned about their mental health. Childbearing age women are included in the priority category because they require  excellent health conditions to prepare for pregnancy and parenthood. Objective. This study aimed to investigate relationship between thyroid function (as evaluated by thyroid hormone levels and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels) with mental health in childbearing age women. Method. This study is a cross sectional study, with childbearing age women (aged 15 years and up) who are already menstruating but have not yet reached menopause. The research was conducted in Yogyakarta City and Bukittinggi City with a total sample of 487 people. This study’s independent variables were TSH and free T4 levels. The dependent variables were anxiety and depression. Other things to consider are height, body weight, and age. Blood samples had used to measure TSH and free T4 levels. All respondents were interviewed to assess whether they were depressed or anxious using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results. There is a significant difference in score of BAI (21.1±11,67 vs 19.7±11.18, p<0.000) and BDI (10.1±8.06 vs 9.50±7.36, p<0.000) between groups. Other results found that disfunction thyroid hormone levels (TSH <0.3 mIU/mL) was related to depression (OR 2.324 95% CI 1.072–5.041, p<0.05; AOR 2.718 95% CI 1.028–7.186, p<0.05), but not associated with anxiety. Conclusion. Thyroid dysfunction, particularly low thyroid stimulating hormone levels, has been linked to higher risk of depression in childbearing age women.
Pengembangan dan Implementasi Aplikasi Matriks Transformasi Digital BPKH
Authors: Mubarak Roy , Julfiati Fifi
Published: December 2021

Badan Pengelola Keuangan Haji (BPKH) adalah suatu lembaga dibawah naungan Departemen Agama yang bertugas untuk mengelola sistem keuangan haji bagi calon Jemaah haji di tanah air. Saat ini BPKH dalam menjalankan fungsinya, memiliki sistem dan prosedur yang sudah berjalan sesuai dengan standar opersional prosedur (SOP) yang berlaku di internal BPKH. Namun demikian, sistem yang berjalan saat ini belum seluruhnya terkomputerisasi, jadi masih banyak proses-proses yang dilakukan secara manual. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, sejak tahun 2020, BPKH telah mencanangkan program transformasi digital dimana beberapa proses secara bertahap akan dialihkan ke dalam bentuk digital. Seiring dengan berjalannya suatu proses transformasi tersebut, BPKH juga membutuhkan suatu aplikasi yang akan dipergunakan untuk melakukan pemantauan proses transformasi digital BPKH. Aplikasi yang akan dikembangkan selanjutnya disebut sebagai aplikasi Matriks Transformasi Digital BPKH. Pengembangan dan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode studi lapangan dan studi pustaka. Studi lapangan dilakukan dengan cara wawancara terhadap pengguna sistem. Studi pustaka dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan bahan pustaka terkait sistem manajemen project. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi Matriks Transformasi Digital yang merupakan suatu aplikasi berbasis web. Aplikasi ini dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP 7.4.11 dengan framework CodeIgniter 3.1.10 dan sistem basis data MySQL. Setelah proses implementasi berjalan, BPKH dapat merasakan manfaat secara langsung, yaitu proses monitoring transformasi digital untuk semua sistem yang sedang berjalan dapat dipantau secara mudah dengan adanya sistem ini.
SISTEM INFORMASI ANTAR JEMPUT JASA LAUNDRY REPARASI SEPATU DAN TAS BERDASARKAN JARAK DAN RUTE TERDEKAT
Authors: Prasetiyo Diennida Hana , Aulia Nazmi , Sri Utami Dewi , Priambodo Bagus
Published: December 2021

Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi menyebabkan penggunaan e-commerce berkembang sangat pesat. Beraneka ragam layanan dikembangkan oleh pelaku e-commerce untuk meningkatkan layanan kepada pelanggan. Salah satu layanan yang sering digunakan oleh e-commerce adalah layanan antar jemput. Layanan antar jemput akan menghemat waktu dan memudahkan pelanggan dalam bertransaksi. Pada penelitian ini kami mengimplementasikan layanan berbasis lokasi untuk menyediakan jasa antar jemput perawatan sepatu dan tas dalam usulan aplikasi laundry. Aplikasi tidak hanya dapat melakukan pencarian laundry terdekat akan tetapi aplikasi menyediakan dua buah pendekatan dalam pencarian laundry terdekat yaitu menggunakan jarak terdekat atau rute terdekat. Untuk pencarian lokasi laundry berdasarkan jarak terdekat menggunakan haversine method sedangkan untuk pencarian rute terdekat kami menggunakan api yang disediakan oleh google maps. Hasil dari pengujian aplikasi menunjukan bahwa aplikasi dapat digunakan untuk transaksi jasa laundry dan reparasi tas dan sepatu. Selain itu aplikasi juga dapat melakukan antar jemput laundry tas dan sepatu berdasarkan jarak terdekat atau rute terdekat
Implementasi Algoritma Dijkstra dalam Pencarian Klinik Hewan Terdekat
Authors: Yosua Shandy , Sigalingging Canro , Jipesya Jamal , Jumaryadi Yuwan
Published: December 2021

The application of technology that is increasingly developing is almost felt to benefit in various aspects of life, one of which is in terms of searching for veterinary clinics. This study aims to help animal owners who have difficulty in finding clinics and shops that sell various kinds of animal needs closest to the user's location. This research uses the Scrum method, which consists of Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Sprint and Imcrement. The output from Dijkstra's algorithm can display the location and route of the closest veterinary clinic to application users wherever they are in an average of 4 minutes 29 seconds.
Japanese Immigrants In Sarawak Before World War Two: Assimilation Through Inter-Ethnic Marriages
Authors: Md Akhir Md Nasrudin , Govindasamy Geetha , Paidi Rohayati
Published: December 2021

The arrival of Japanese immigrants, especially karayuki-san, traders, and farmers in Sarawak between the 1880s and1940s, has rarely been given sufficient attention by scholars. For the most part, not only did the Japanese immigrants successfully integrate into the economic eco-system, but they also assimilated with the locals through inter-marriages. Archival records, primarily obtained from the Sarawak State Archives, suggests that families of inter-ethnic marriages went through a life of hardship, especially when Japanese spouses or relatives were imprisoned in the internment camps soon after World War Two ended. For the most part, the research mainly focuses on Seiji Kuno or otherwise known as Mohamed Towpik Kuno, who married a local Malay woman and embraced Islam. The life of Kuno depicts the extent to which a Japanese immigrant became absorbed into the dominant culture of the mainstream Sarawak society. Kuno’s general attitude towards the local society, his service to the community in various capacities, his attitude towards political matters and finally, his religious inclination showcased the extent to which assimilation had taken place voluntarily. Apart from Kuno, the research also examines other personalities’ lives, like Sunao Miyaji, who was married to Lamah Binti Bakar, and Maria Osaichi and Oasa, who were Japanese immigrants married to Chinese Sarawakians. It is against this background that this research argues that marriages between Japanese immigrants and locals in Sarawak before World War Two was indeed a cause for further assimilation into the host culture between spouses, family members and the broader community. At the same time, the research posits that cemeteries involving Japanese immigrants should be promoted as tourist destinations as they reflect Sarawak’s rich multicultural heritage and history of assimilation with foreigners.
DESPACHOS DE VÍRIONS
Authors: Da Mata Antonio Candido , Bensusan Hilan
Published: December 2021

Reunimos aqui 16 despachos relevantes entre vírions de diferentes tipos, numa tentativa de convergência e congruência. Os despachos, menos que documentos de uma confabulação ou conspiração, são transmissões de fronteira que, de alguma maneira, incidem sobre a separação entre o genético e o cibernético, entre o informacional e o infeccioso. Essas transmissões oferecem um projeto de tomada da autoria humana através de uma confusão na metafísica que a subjaz, como diz Christian Bök. Os vírions, os ínfimos corpos dos agentes virais – como o Creeper, os vírus do nipah, o ILOVEYOU, o capital, o Sars Cov-2, o virófago Sputnik e o 6-Licorice de Paul de Filippo – estão em meio ao que circula  pelos fluxos codificados e neles conseguem se aperceber do que vem vindo.
SE O MUNDO SE TRANSFORMA, QUEM SOU EU PARA NÃO ME TRANSFORMAR? – O EU E O OUTRO EM UMA PESQUISA SOBRE OS HINOS DO SANTO DAIME
Authors: Boarin Fernanda Vivacqua de Souza Galvão
Published: December 2021

Com este artigo, desenvolvo uma discussão sobre o eu e o outro nos hinos da religião brasileira Santo Daime. Esse debate é trazido tendo como enfoque o eu pesquisador e as questões epistemológicas que o estudo da poética suscita. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, apresento a concepção de eu na doutrina daimista (REHEN, 2007), destacando a rede de agentes formada em seus rituais e cosmovisão. Após, trago as contribuições dos Estudos da performance, para refletir sobre como este eu se constitui através de uma prática incorporada – que é, justamente, os rituais, nos quais os hinos são entoados. Por fim, procuro entrecruzar essa discussão com a pesquisa no campo dos Estudos literários, pensando como o jogo enunciativo proposto pela poética daimista se imbrica a problemática ontológica da enunciação, recorrendo, para tanto, às contribuições de Nodari (2015; 2019) sobre obliquação e experiência literária.
APARENTAR(-SE) A OUTRO: ELEMENTOS PARA UMA POÉTICA PERSPECTIVISTA
Authors: Nodari Alexandre
Published: December 2021

Busca-se repensar categorias da poética ocidental pelo seu contraste com poéticas ameríndias num exercício de equivocação e não de equivalência. Ou seja, investigar de que modo conceitos da teoria literária podem ser relidos (deslocados) a partir do contato entre práticas verbais de distintas ordens e naturezas. Isso comporta uma dificuldade prévia, sobre o  estatuto do que chamamos de “literatura”, que não corresponde ao(s) lugar(es) daquilo que se designa, de modo imperfeito, como poéticas indígenas: estas não se separam em uma esfera autônoma, não se dissociam de práticas como o xamanismo, o ritual, a exortação, a explicação cosmológica, e mesmo o entretenimento ou a literatura no sentido “branco”, etc – são artes “multimodais”. Qualquer equiparação comporta o perigo da redução e da violência, fazendo com que a comparação e a (con)tradução conceitual propostas sejam inviáveis se não forem acompanhadas de uma reflexão político-institucional sobre os lugares (do ter lugar) da linguagem.
Causas de rejeição de radiografias em um hospital regional do Recôncavo da Bahia
Authors: de Jesus Araújo Jefferson , Conceição Santos Beatriz , Costa Luís , Sá Santa Barbara Sobral Karen
Published: December 2021

Entende-se por radiografia a projeção de uma imagem bidimensional processada e visível em meio convencional ou digital, a partir da interação da radiação ionizante do tipo raios-X com o corpo do paciente. Para garantir a qualidade da radiografia, deve-se avaliar a imagem, o paciente, o equipamento emissor de radiação-X e os outros componentes relacionados à aquisição/processamento. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, observacional, descritivo que teve como objetivo avaliar o índice de radiografias rejeitadas que foram realizadas no Hospital Regional de Castro Alves, Bahia, Brasil. A coleta das radiografias rejeitadas aconteceu durante 192 dias entre os meses de setembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020 e foram classificadas como: subexposição, superexposição, movimento do paciente, artefato da imagem e erro de posicionamento. Foram rejeitadas 132 radiografias de um total de 2.756 realizadas no período compreendido neste estudo. Sendo a subexposição o motivo de rejeição mais encontrado (48,5%). Com base nestas informações, foi formulada uma tabela de constantes radiográficas, a fim de agir de forma educativa e preventiva, com o intuito de minimizar tal erro e garantir qualidade ao serviço de imagem, além da economia global para o Hospital. Assim, estabelecer um controle de qualidade assertivo permite uma melhora do serviço de radiologia.
A sliding-window based signal processing method for characterizing clusters in gas-solids high-density CFB reactor
Authors: Wang Chengxiu , Luo Mengjie , Su Xin , Lan Xingying , Sun Zeneng , Gao Jinsen , Ye Mao , Zhu Jesse
Published: December 2021

Particle clusters in CFB risers were identified from the instantaneous
solids holdup signals by a new sliding-window based signal processing
method. By shifting the sliding time window and calculating the mean and
the standard deviation within it, a non-linear threshold curve for
identifying the clusters was derived instead of the conventional
constant threshold. The optimal sliding window size was determined as Wb
= 1024 data points based on the bisection method on the entire piece of
signals. Using the proposed method, a more realistic characterization of
the clusters in both the HDCFB and LDCFB was obtained by considering the
bulk fluctuation of the gas-solids flow. The clusters in the HDCFB have
higher solids holdup and lower velocity than that in the LDCFB. The
HDCFB is also found to have a greater number of loose clusters for
better gas-solids contacting and exchanges in the center of the riser.
Coupled CFD-DEM modelling to predict how EPS affects bacterial biofilm deformation, recovery and detachment under flow conditions
Authors: XIA YUQING , Jayathilake Pahala , Li Bowen , Zuliani Paolo , Deehan David , Longyear Jennifer , Stoodley Paulk , Chen Jinju
Published: December 2021

The deformation and detachment of bacterial biofilm are related to the
structural and mechanical properties of the biofilm itself.
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role on
keeping the mechanical stability of biofilms. The understanding of
biofilm mechanics and detachment can help to reveal biofilm survival
mechanisms under fluid shear and provide insight about what flows might
be needed to remove biofilm in a cleaning cycle or for a ship to remove
biofilms. However, how the EPS may affect biofilm mechanics and its
deformation in flow conditions remains elusive. To address this, a
coupled computational fluid dynamic – discrete element method (CFD-DEM)
model was developed. The mechanisms of biofilm detachment, such as
erosion and sloughing have been revealed by imposing hydrodynamic fluid
flow at different velocities and loading rates. The model, which also
allows adjustment of the proportion of different functional group of
microorganisms in the biofilm, enables the study of the contribution of
EPS towards biofilm resistance to fluid shear stress. Furthermore, the
stress-strain curves during biofilm deformation have been captured by
loading and unloading fluid shear stress to study the viscoelastic
properties of the biofilm.
The modified transmanubrial approach in thyroid malignant tumors: an optimal and less invasive surgical option.
Authors: Girotti Paolo Nicola , Gassner Judit , Hodja Vebi , Königsrainer Ingmar
Published: December 2021

- We retrospectively evaluated a large series of patients (n: 15)
underwent a modified transmanubrial approach for wide mediastinal
resection in case of malignance thyroid mass - In fourteen cases, also
with thyroid tumor involving the middle line. A bilateral mTMA was
necessary to perform a cava vein resection. - No major postoperative and
cutaneous/sternum complications were detected. - mTMA allows an optimal
exposure of the upper thoracic inlet achieving a complete radical
oncological resection of the tumor/lymph-node and a safety
vascular/tracheal control. - As a limitation, the modified mTMA is
anatomically more demanding and not familiar for most surgeons in
comparison to sternotomy
Outlook of Present Organic Agriculture Policies and Future Needs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Malkanthi S.H. Pushpa
Published: December 2021

Many countries are formulating organic agriculture or organic farming policies aimed at sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: to understand the present situation of organic agriculture policies in Sri Lanka and also in other countries where successful organic agriculture is operating; identify problems in the organic agriculture sector; and suggest potential policy measures to be implemented in Sri Lanka in future. The research was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, a thorough literature review was conducted to study the suitable policies available in other countries and also in Sri Lanka at present. In the second stage, two field surveys were carried out using pre-tested questionnaires, from December 2019 to May 2020, in order to gather farmers’ and extension officers’ information related to organic farming policy suggestions. According to the findings of the literature review, organic systems in some countries are more integrated with national strategic plans and visions. Those governments are more involved in new initiatives and farmers are encouraged to go organic through reliable and feasible policies. Although Sri Lanka has a high potential for organic agriculture, at present it is at an initial stage. While most organic products in Sri Lanka go to the export market, a small portion is kept at local markets. Demand for organic products in export as well as domestic markets is increasing. Even though there are seven international food certification agencies operating in the country as external inspection and certification bodies, a limited number of accredited certifications exist for products on the domestic market. Results of the farmers’ survey showed that even if farmers have a significant level of knowledge, few of them practice organic farming due to several existing problems. Moreover, extension officers have also identified similar types of problems that are faced by the farmers related to organic farming. Evaluation of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) related to organic agriculture in the country helped to identify key problems facing policy-makers when balancing the supply and demand sides of organic products. Also, in developing organic agriculture, an effective linkage and coordination among government and private participants is crucial. Therefore, in Sri Lanka in this context, strategic focus on policy support for organic agriculture is needed. Current organic farming programs need to be revised in order to formulate policies covering all areas related to production, handling, processing, certification, labeling and marketing, in order to bring the benefits of organic agriculture to farmers, marketers and consumers in a fair manner.
Practical aspects of the application of pedagogical skill and communicative competence of teachers of higher education institutions
Authors: Yuzkiv Halyna , Slipchuk Valentyna , Batechko Nina , Mykhaylichenko Mykola , Vdovychenko Olena
Published: December 2021

The relevance of this research involves a comprehensive consideration of the links between the concepts of "pedagogical excellence" and "pedagogical competence" of university teachers during classes. The study aims to establish the relationship between pedagogical excellence and communicative competence in the structure of pedagogical activities of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) teachers. Methodological basis: a sociological survey (drawing up a system of research questions), method of information analysis (processing of respondents' answers), ranking method (suggested for respondents during the provision of answers to the questions). Results of the research: updating the basic components of the pedagogical skill of the teacher: humanistic orientation of activity, professional competence, professionalism, pedagogical abilities, pedagogical technique, communicativeness. The main characteristics of pedagogical excellence and communicative competence of university teachers (inconsistency; interdependence; hierarchical organization) were revealed. Key dimensions of pedagogical excellence as an element of communicative competence (competence of nonverbal communication, competence of verbal clarity, competence of verbal richness of speech) were determined. The relationship between pedagogical excellence and communicative competence is proved. The basic components of pedagogical excellence are defined (humanistic orientation of activity, professional competence, professionalism, pedagogical abilities, pedagogical technique, communicativeness). The links of communicative-speech competence are presented. The characteristics of communicative-speech competence, which determine the quality of professional interactions of university teachers, are highlighted. The regularities and peculiarities of communicative-speech competence of teachers are presented. The practical value of the study was to present a summary of the causal links of the concepts of "pedagogical excellence" and "communicative competence" of university teachers during the classes.
Routine Chest Radiography Following Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheter: Use and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Homsi Mouafak J. , Hashim Ibrahim M. , Hmedeh Caroline M. , Karam Boutros , Hoballah Jamal J. , Haddad Fady F.
Published: December 2021

Highlights

Background:

A postoperative chest x-ray (CXR) remains part of some hospital protocols following tunneled hemodialysis catheter placement despite the use of operative imaging-guided techniques. The aim is to assess the usefulness of this practice and its impact on clinical outcomes and resource use.

Methods:

A review of medical records and postoperative CXR was done for 78 adult patients who had tunneled hemodialysis catheters placed in the operating room under fluoroscopy guidance. Catheters were inserted by ultrasound-guided puncture (51.3%) or exchanged from an existing catheter over a guide wire (48.7%). The postoperative CXRs were also examined by an independent reviewer to assess the catheter tip position and the need for repositioning to mimic a real-life postoperative setting. Procedural, nursing, and billing records were also reviewed.

Results:

No patients had a pneumothorax or major complications. On postoperative CXRs, 29 (37.2%) patients had the catheter tips in the right atrium, 23 (29.5%) in the cavoatrial junction, 25 (23.1%) in the superior vena cava, and 1 (1.3%) in the brachiocephalic vein. The independent reviewer found the catheter tips in acceptable anatomical positions in 75 of 78 patients. Only 3 (3.9%) patients had catheter malfunctions during dialysis and exchanged their catheters (2 had high catheters in the superior vena cava and brachiocephalic vein, 1 had a kinked catheter). Postoperative CXRs also caused delays in patient discharge from postanesthesia care units and significant increases in medical expenses (around $199 per patient).

Conclusion:

Routine CXR after tunneled hemodialysis central venous catheter insertion is unnecessary and does not add to the procedure’s safety or to the patient’s outcome.
Increased mortality after intramedullary nailing of trochanteric fractures: a comparison of sliding hip screws with nails in 19,935 patients
Authors: Wolf Olof , Mukka Sebastian , Ekelund Jan , Rogmark Cecilia , Möller Michael , Hailer Nils P
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose — Intramedullary nails (IMN) have become increasingly common as treatment for trochanteric hip fractures (THF) although they are costlier, and without proven superiority compared with sliding hip screws (SHS). We investigated whether the 2 methods differ in terms of short-term mortality when used in fractures where both methods are suitable.
Patients and methods — We extracted data from the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR) on 19,935 patients ≥ 60 years with trochanteric fractures AO type 31-A1 or -A2 who had been treated with either SHS or IMN. We assessed absolute mortality rates and the relative risks (RR) of death after 7, 30, 90, and 365 days using generalized linear models, adjusting for age, sex, and fracture type. We performed a sensitivity analysis on a subgroup of 3,673 patients with information on comorbidity to address this potential confounder.
Results — 69% of the patients were women and mean age was 84 years (60–107). IMN was used in 35% of A1 and in 71% of A2 fractures. The use of IMN was associated with a slightly increased adjusted risk of death within 30 days compared with SHS (RR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.0–1.2) with no difference at any other time point.
Interpretation — The slightly increased risk of death up to 30 days postoperatively does not support the use of IMN instead of SHS in stable THF.
Post-medieval Pottery in Mazovia and Podlachia (16th–18th Century) – a Preliminary Report
Authors: Trzeciecki Maciej
Published: December 2021

The text is dedicated to the question of traditions and innovations in post-medieval pottery manufactured and used in the territory of today’s Mazovia and Podlachia in Poland. It focuses on the distribution of waregroups in the assemblages from selected sites dated to the mid-16th – late 18th centuries. The list includes both capital cities in the province (Warsaw, Płock) and local towns (Ciechanów, Płońsk, Przasnysz), as well as royal and aristocratic residences, gentry manors and villages. Among the most characteristic features worthy of note are the long lasting of early medieval manufacturing traditions, the widespreaduse of greyware, the relatively small proportion of whiteware and glazed vessels, as well as the sporadic (excluding Warsaw) occurrence of fineware (porcelain, faience). The analysis points to the specificity of Mazovian pottery in 16th–18th centuries, in relation to both other Polish lands and our notions on trends in pottery manufacture and use in the post-medieval period.
Continuation or Evolution? Changes in Pottery Production and Vessel Types Used in Pomerelian (Gdańsk Pomerania) Towns in the Early-Modern Period
Authors: Starski Michał
Published: December 2021

The article discusses changes in production and the of the pottery used in towns in Pomerelia in the early-modern period. These considerations are based on  advanced research on late-medieval pottery-making of the region and the relatively poorer state of knowledge about the continuity of transformations at the beginning of the early-modern period. The vantage point for this study is a characterisation of the source base, including both the artefactual  and written evidence. This enables the tracing of changes, and characteristic features of goods used, in the 16th century.
Jarosław Derlicki, Od społeczności lokalnej do mniejszości narodowej. Ludność polskiego pochodzenia w Mołdawii na początku XXI wieku, Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warszawa 2020, ss. 290, fotografie.
Authors: Lipiński Wojciech
Published: December 2021

Recenzja książki autorstwa Jarosława Derlickiego, Od społeczności lokalnej do mniejszości narodowej. Ludność polskiego pochodzenia w Mołdawii na początku XXI wieku, Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Warszawa 2020, ss. 290.
Bibliografia prac Profesora dr. hab. Andrzeja Klondera za lata 1974–2021
Authors: Magdalena  , Głowacka-Penczyńska Anetta
Published: December 2021

To bibliografia opublikowanych dotychczas prac Profesora Andrzeja Klondera. Zawiera ona łącznie 238 pozycji. Prócz monografii to rozprawy, artykuły i rozdziały w pracach zbiorowych polskich i zagranicznych, ponadto recenzje oraz omówienia aktualnych, krajowych i obcych publikacji, a także prace sprawozdawcze, będące dowodem szerokich zainteresowań Jubilata.
Szlachcic w domu. Wystrój i wyposażenie siedzib szlacheckich w ziemi zakroczymskiej w drugiej połowie XVII i w XVIII wieku
Authors: Główka Dariusz
Published: December 2021

W artykule scharakteryzowano przedmioty wymienione w 238 spisach ruchomości z lat 1677–1795, znajdujących się w księgach kancelarii sądu grodzkiego zakroczymskiego. Wyroby te stanowiły wystrój i wyposażenie domów szlachty w ziemi zakroczymskiej na Mazowszu. Zestaw przedmiotów, z których wewnątrz siedziby codziennie korzystał właściciel i jego najbliższa rodzina, był podobny do znanego z innych środowisk społecznych i innych regionów Rzeczypospolitej. Elementem różnicującym, podkreślającym status społeczny, były: surowce, kolorystyka, wykończenie i zdobienie oraz liczba rzeczy. Wskazano pewne tendencje czytelne w badanym okresie, m.in. stopniowy zanik tradycyjnych elementów wnętrz (takich jak tkaniny orientalne), w drugiej połowie XVIII w. częstsze stosowanie parawanów, pawilonów przy łóżkach, zwiększenie średniej liczby kufrów, bielizny stołowej i zastawy stołowej, a także pojawienie się, chociaż jeszcze w ograniczonym zakresie, meblarskich nowinek (np. stołów okrągłych lub składanych, garniturów złożonych z kanapy i krzeseł, komody), używanie naczyń z fajansu i porcelany.
Praksisopplæringens oppfattende og erfarte formål sett fra ulike aktørperspektiv
Authors: Ulvik Marit , Eide Liv , Helleve Ingrid , Kvam Edel Karin
Published: December 2021

Praksis er en sentral og verdsatt del av lærerutdanningen, men læringsutbyttet blir ofte tatt for gitt og sjelden utfordret. Denne intervjustudien undersøker hvordan praksisopplæringens formål er oppfattet og erfart sett fra perspektivene til studenter, veiledere og ansatte i høyere utdanning (lærerutdannere). Målet med studien av de ulike perspektivene er å få ny forståelse for hvordan praksisopplæringen kan bidra til å innfri lærerutdanningens målsetning om en profesjonsrettet, helhetlig og sammenhengende utdanning. Funnene viser at selv om det hersker tilsynelatende enighet om formålet med praksis, finnes det spenningerog nyanser i aktørenes oppfatninger, og deres erfaringer tyder på utfordringer knyttet til å innfri det oppfattede formålet. Spenninger mellom aktørene er særlig knyttet til hva en helhetlig lærerrolle innebærer, og til hvilken rolle teori skal spille i praksisopplæringen. Ulike perspektiv kan utfordre hverandre og fremme en ny eller utvidet forståelse for lærerarbeid. Dette stiller imidlertid krav til samhandlingen mellom partene. Funnene viser at det er få møteplasser, uklare roller og uklare forventninger mellom de involverte. Avslutningsvisforeslås implikasjoner av studien.
English abstract
English title:The purpose of practicum – how it is perceived and experienced by various actors
Practicum is a crucial and appreciated part of teacher education. However, the learning outcome is often taken for granted and seldom challenged. This interview study investigates how the purpose of practicum is perceived and experienced by student teachers and school-based and university-based teacher educators. The aim of studying the different perspectives is to get a new understanding of how practicum can contribute to teacher education’s main purpose of a relevant, comprehensive, and coherent teacher education. The findings show that even if there seems to be some agreement concerning purpose, there are tensions and nuances in the actors’ understanding, and their experiences indicate challenges related to fulfillment of the perceived purpose. Tensions among the actors are especially linked to what a comprehensive teacher education implies, and how theory should be included in practicum. Different perspectives can challenge each other and promote an extended understanding of teachers’ work. However, this depends on the interaction among the parties. The findings indicate few meeting places, unclear roles, and unclear expectations among the involved. Finally, some implications of the study are suggested.
Apps de entrega a domicilio en CDMX: estrategia restaurantera de ventas para sobrevivir a la pandemia
Authors: Sandoval Damián Juan Manuel , Serralde Coloapa José Leonardo , Acosta Gonzaga Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

La industria restaurantera es uno de los sectores más productivos y representativos de la actividad turística en México, por el gran número de establecimientos que la componen. Debido al cierre de establecimientos a causa de la pandemia de COVID-19, se ha tenido que recurrir al uso de aplicaciones digitales, llamadas food delivery apps, las cuales habilitan la comunicación entre los restaurantes y sus clientes para entregar alimentos preparados a domicilio. Para describir el uso de estas aplicaciones por los restaurantes, se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativa descriptiva que incluyó una entrevista a un grupo de MIPyMES restauranteras de dos alcaldías de la Ciudad de México. Los resultados muestran que las ventas totales se redujeron de 20 % a 90 % después del cierre obligatorio de los establecimientos. También se encontró que 71 % de los restaurantes se encontraba en riesgo de cierre permanente. Sin embargo, debido al uso de las aplicaciones food delivery, los restaurantes lograron obtener incrementos en sus ventas de 20 % hasta 50 %, lo que indica que las aplicaciones digitales ayudaron a que los negocios pudieran seguir operando y sobrevivir a la pandemia causada por el coronavirus de 2019.
ANÁLISE REFLEXIVA DA PRÁTICA PROFISSIONAL BIOMÉDICA NO CAMPO DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO
Authors: Gonçalves Letícia Cristina , Souza Neto Samuel de
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho objetiva identificar e analisar os saberes mobilizados na prática de uma supervisora de estágio obrigatório do curso de Biomedicina de instituição privada do interior paulista. Para isto, optou-se pelo estudo descritivo exploratório e analítico, com uma abordagem qualitativa que envolveu como técnica o relato das rotinas. A análise dos saberes mobilizados na prática foi fundamentada nas quatro ações da reflexão crítica: descrição, informação, confrontação e reconstrução. Entre os resultados, observou-se a pluralidade dos saberes que ocorrem simultaneamente e orientam a prática docente. Consequentemente, verificou-se um modelo emergente de formação dado pela tríade: reflexão, pesquisa e crítica. Como desafio, emerge que a área do estágio necessita da inclusão da integralidade e humanização para romper com os limites da formação fragmentada. Concluindo, a análise de práticas deve ser considerada não só um dispositivo que permita identificar a mobilização de saberes, mas também de construção de uma epistemologia da prática profissional.
CHRONOLOGY AND ARCHITECTURE OF ST. PETER'S CHURCH IN PRZEMYSL FROM THE OLD RUSSIAN ERA TO THE XVII CENTURY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Design and Fundamentals of Architecture, R. Frankiv
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the complex of historical and archaeological materials related to the architecture of the lost St. Peter's Church in Przemysl, which existed approximately from the XII-XIII centuries to 1679. Based on the systematization of the available data, an attempt is made to recreate the chronology of changes in the planning structure and appearance of the structure from the time of its appearance to dismantling.
PROGRAMS FOR FORTIFICATION AREA CONSERVATION IN THE NETHERLANDS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Department of Architecture and Conservation, Yu Frolova
Published: December 2021

The article is aimed at familiarizing readers and specialists with programs for the preservation of fortification territories and methods of using historical landscapes in the Netherlands, the legal aspect of preserving the remains of fortifications and terrain. The project method of integrating the territory into the tourist observation network is considered. Over the past 30 years, the Netherlands has been developing a legal framework in the intersectoral branch for the protection of a significant historical landscape, including existing or lost objects of fortification art of the XVIII and XX centuries. Reasonable protection criteria, a well-formed strategy for systematic use and subordination of the territory prevents violation of the legal framework of the monument and its physical integrity accelerates the process of developing architectural and design proposals for restoring the spatial appearance of the fortification object