bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengembangan Pesantren DDI Asshirathal Mustaqim Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Ilham Ilham
Published: November 2020

This study try to describe the participation of society in the development of Islamic Boarding School DDI Asshirathal Mustaqim in Baru Baru Tanga, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi. This research uses a qualitative approach. The informants of this research are community leaders, parents of students, the heads of foundations, leaders of Islamic boarding schools, the principals, the teachers, and administrative staff within the scope of Islamic boarding schools. Data was collect by using interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. The results of this study indicate that participation of society in the development of educational institutions is very active. The evidence of this argument is the society help and involved in academic and non-academic activities in building of this institutions
A educação digital no ensino básico como direito fundamental implícito na Era dos Algoritmos
Authors: Carvalho Kobus Renata , Geraldo do Carmo Gomes Luiz
Published: November 2020

O artigo possui como escopo demonstrar que em tempos de Quarta Revolução Industrial, também intitulada de Era dos Algoritmos ou de Era 4.0, marcada pela velocidade, amplitude e impacto sistêmico dos avanços tecnológicos, a educação digital no ensino básico deve ser qualificada como um direito fundamental implícito. Apresenta-se uma análise sobre a essencialidade da utilização da tecnologia por parte dos cidadãos na Era 4.0, apresentando-se os impactos que as Revoluções Industriais proporcionaram e continuam a proporcionar até os dias de hoje. Na sequência, é realizada reflexão sobre a importância da dinamicidade dos direitos fundamentais e o dever do Estado em concretizar os anseios sociais contemporâneos. Ao final, o artigo defende a fundamentalidade da educação digital no processo de aprendizagem do ensino básico. Foi utilizado o método dedutivo.
El camino hacia la conquista de las ocho horas de trabajo en Perú y Bolivia, 1905-1930
Authors: Margarucci Ivanna
Published: November 2020

En 1905, los trabajadores de Perú y Bolivia conmemoraron por primera vez el 1° de mayo. Estaban dando el paso inicial que los llevaría, años después, a conquistar las ocho horas de trabajo. A partir de un amplio corpus documental, que incluye publicaciones periódicas y documentación sindical y legislativa, en el presente artículo nos proponemos reconstruir este camino, en el que el anarco-sindicalismo peruano y boliviano tuvo una destacada presencia y actuación. Utilizando el método comparativo, abordaremos las distintas etapas de este proceso y los principales conflictos sociales que antecedieron a dicha conquista. De esta manera, logramos develar las similitudes y diferencias entre los casos. No sólo en relación a luchas por la jornada de ocho horas y la significativa experiencia libertaria allí desarrollada durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, sino también sobre el proceso de configuración del movimiento obrero en ambos países de la región andina.
IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG DESA NO. 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PENYETARAAN GENDER DAN PERANAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DESA
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: November 2020

This study discusses the Implementation of Village Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Gender Equality and the Role of Women in Village Development. The purpose of this study is to find out how the Village Law No. 6 of 2014 provides opportunities and opportunities for women in the village to play a role in village development. So that there is gender equality between village ranks which is usually dominated by men, women can also be given roles to sit as members of village officials. Gender roles are the roles played by women and men in accordance with the environmental status, culture and structure of society. This role is taught to every member of society, community and certain social groups that are prepared as roles of women and men. A good method of village development must involve all members of the community and involve activities directly related to their socio-economic interests. As a process, village development is a process of cultural transformation that begins with traditional life that relies on hereditary habits to be transformed into a modern society that bases life progress on a willingness to accept science and technology. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, namely by gathering various information obtained in the form of written or oral words from people or observable behavior. Research results from the Implementation of the Village Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Gender Equality and the Role of Women in Village Development is that women in village development have rights and equality with men. So what is expected is that gender equality for women in the village in participating in village development can be done well by providing space and opportunities for women to contribute to village development.
HUBUNGAN KEPEMIMPINAN DENGAN MOTIVASI KERJA PEGAWAI DI BAGIAN ASISTEN PEMERINTAHAN KANTOR GUBERNUR SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Aziz Antartila Rezki
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research is to see the connection between leadership and work motivation of employee at Government Assistant Office of the Governor of South Sumatra. The population are 89 and the sample are 55 which taken using Cohcran formula. The instrument of this research is question with Likert scale models that had tested for validity and reliability. Data analyzed using product moment correlation formula. The result of this research there are meaningful relationship between leadership and work motivation of employee Government Assistant Office of the Governor of South Sumatra.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PERIZINAN PADA DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Wahyuli Yofitri Heny
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of employee competencies and employee motivation simultaneously or partially on the quality of services at the Investment and Integrated One Top Service Agency of Palembang city. This study uses a quantitative research approach with census strategies. The study population was 25 civil servants. The data used is cross section data collected using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with F test and t test. The results showed that employee competency and employee motivation simultaneously had a positive effect on the quality of services; employee competence partially has a positive effect on the quality of services; and employee motivation simultaneously has a positive effect on the quality of services Palembang city.
Introduction.
Authors: Bronnikova Olga
Published: November 2020

« Bien peu furent ceux qui s’emparèrent de cette occasion pour célébrer plus qu’évoquer Octobre », aﬃrme Alain Blum en conclusion de son bilan des commémorations de 1917 (Blum 2019). En France, le centenaire des révolutions de Février et d’Octobre 1917 fut en eﬀet plus souvent l’occasion de valoriser des recherches menées sur la Russie, d’exploiter des fonds d’archives ou d’exposer des objets d’art que de s’interroger à nouveau sur leur dimension politique et leur potentielle résonance contemporaine (Deschepper et al. 2019). Ce constat pourrait être appliqué mutadis mutandis à la sphère académique russe.S’il y a une diﬀérence évidente entre la France et la Russie, elle réside dans le fait qu’après deux décennies de silence, on a assisté à une repolitisation de la révolution en Russie, fût-ce sous la forme de son instrumentalisation par le pouvoir au service d’une politique mémorielle antirévolutionnaire. Cette instrumentalisation est d’autant plus manifeste que, dans un contexte d’« apathie politique » (Budrajtskis 2016) et de démobilisation de la jeunesse (Bordjugov 2017), 1917 semble avoir été eﬀacé de la mémoire de la société russe. S’observe ainsi ce qu’on pourrait désigner comme une ambivalence commémorative, où la politisation oﬃcielle de la mémoire d’Octobre 1917 fait face à sa dépolitisation, pour ne pas dire à sa disparition, au sein de l’espace public. C’est cette ambivalence qui nous a intrigués au moment de concevoir le présent dossier issu du colloque international « Construction et déconstruction d’une mémoire de la Révolution de 1917 en Russie contemporaine » qui s’est tenu à l’Université Grenoble Alpes en octobre 2017.
Le paradigme de la révolution dans l’analyse des réformes post-soviétiques en Russie
Authors: Belova Olga
Published: November 2020

Au début des années 1990, le discours des réformateurs libéraux comporte une vision très négative de la révolution russe d’Octobre 1917, présentée comme une véritable « catastrophe ». L’ensemble de l’expérience soviétique est d’ailleurs interprété comme une succession de mauvais choix qui ont contribué à la consolidation d’un système politique et économique inefficace. Une telle vision s’inscrit parfaitement dans l’argumentation des réformateurs qui l’instrumentalisent pour légitimer leurs choix politiques. Toutes les décisions sont justifiées par la nécessité de rompre définitivement avec l’ancien système communiste. Dans le contexte de stabilisation autoritaire des années 2000, la radicalité des transformations que le pays a connues à la fin du XXe siècle est de plus en plus critiquée. La ressemblance entre le caractère utopique du projet bolchevique et du projet libéral ainsi que l’utilisation d’une logique de légitimation comparable est mise en avant, ce qui pousse les représentants du courant libéral russe à repenser leur expérience et à s’interroger sur le caractère révolutionnaire des réformes du début des années 1990. Le présent article explore l’évolution de l’usage, dans le camp libéral, du paradigme « révolution » pour désigner les réformes post-soviétiques, allant de son rejet initial à son acceptation dans une perspective comparative, puis à une remise en question de sa pertinence.
Elucidating the blurred lines of the national historical imagination. The narrative allure of Sienkiewicz’s With Fire and Sword in 1933–1934 Poland
Authors: Bunout Estelle
Published: November 2020

The novel With Fire and Sword by Henry Sienkiewicz (1846–1916) is an example of the interweaving of fiction, historiography, and national collective imagination. It was written at the end of the period of Polish partition (1882–1888) and deals with events that marked the history and the collective imaginations of Poles, Ukrainians, and Jews: the history of the Khmel’nyts’kyy Uprising (1648–1657). The epic nature of these historical events already carried the seeds of a powerful and emotional narrative that lends itself to mythicization. However, the reading of this book in a later situation, the Second Polish Republic (1921–1939), led the Polish Sanacja government to withdraw it from the compulsory reading in Polish schools in 1932.This aspect of the Jędrzejewicz school reform sparked a lively debate in the Polish press, whereby historians, literature scholars, and journalists discussed the function that this book should have in the patriotic education of young Polish citizens, against the backdrop of tensions between the state and the political opposition on the issue of minorities, namely the Ukrainian minority. This discussion discloses the central place that Sienkiewicz has been given in Polish culture. At the same time, it examines the position that Polish intellectuals attribute to the Ukrainian minority in the Polish state and culture.
On German Orders. The Volhynian Massacre in Soviet Partisans’ Memoirs
Authors: Shatalov Denys
Published: November 2020

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the narrative displayed to the mass Soviet reader of the anti-Polish ethnic cleansing conducted by Ukrainian nationalists in 1943 in Volhynia. The sources used in this paper include the most widely published books of partisan commanders who were active in the region. These texts are examined as sources aimed to shape public opinion about the Ukrainian nationalists after the war. For the Soviet public, the memoirs of Soviet partisans operating in North-West Ukraine in 1943–1944 along with propagandist anti-nationalist literature were the main source of information about the Volhynian Massacre. In these books, the stories about the massacre appear, above all, to be a propaganda tool. The comparison of the depictions of the Volhynian Massacre provided by partisan authors with modern scholarly works shows us intentional distortions by the former. It may perhaps seem paradoxical to note that the partisan memoirists, who tended to discredit the Ukrainian nationalists, preferred to blame them only as perpetrators, but not as the initiators of the anti-Polish massacres in Volhynia. The anti-Polish “actions” were described primarily as a direct initiative of German occupational authorities, whereas the detachments of nationalists’ organisations were portrayed as its faithful executors. The memoirists stressed the disinterestedness and unwillingness of ordinary Ukrainian peasants to participate in the massacres and the alienation of its organizers from the broad masses of working people. In this light, the Soviet partisan memoirs give us little help in understanding the Volhynian massacre itself but serve as an excellent example of Soviet propaganda efforts aimed at modelling representations of the past.
Group Picture of Soviet Assassins: The Trajectory of Stalinist Executioners from the Revolution to the Great Terror
Authors: Petrov Nikita
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the practice of execution during the period of Soviet political repression. Special attention is paid to the fate of employees of the state security system who served as executioners. The issue of organising the activities of the “special group” and its place in the structure of the Central apparatus of the Cheka-MGB bodies is discussed. Patterns of career development of executioners and their professional deformation are given.
Long-term variations in ozone levels in the troposphere and lower stratosphere over Beijing: observations and model simulations
Authors: Zhang Yuli , Tao Mengchu , Zhang Jinqiang , Liu Yi , Chen Hongbin , Cai Zhaonan , Konopka Paul
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is both a major pollutant and a
short-lived greenhouse gas and has therefore caused much concern in
recent years. The ozone profile in the troposphere and lower stratosphere
over Beijing has been observed since 2002 by ozonesondes developed by the
Institute of Atmospheric Physics. Increasing concentrations of tropospheric
ozone from 2002 to 2010 measured by these balloon-based observations have
been reported previously. As more observations are now available, we used
these data to analyse the long-term variability of ozone over Beijing during
the whole period from 2002 to 2018. The ozonesondes measured increasing
concentrations of ozone from 2002 to 2012 in both the troposphere and lower
stratosphere. There was a sudden decrease in observed ozone between 2011 and
2012. After this decrease, the increasing trend in ozone concentrations
slowed down, especially in the mid-troposphere, where the positive trend
became neutral. We used the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere
(CLaMS) to determine the influence of the transport of ozone from the
stratosphere to the troposphere on the observed ozone profiles. CLaMS showed
a weak increase in the contribution of stratospheric ozone before the
decrease in 2011–2012 and a much more pronounced decrease after this time.
Because there is no tropospheric chemistry in CLaMS, the sudden decrease
simulated by CLaMS indicates that a smaller downward transport of ozone from
the stratosphere after 2012 may explain a significant part of the observed
decrease in ozone in the mid-troposphere and lower stratosphere. However,
the influence of stratospheric ozone in the lower troposphere is negligible
in CLaMS, and the hiatus in the positive trend after 2012 can be attributed
to a reduction in ozone precursors as a result of stronger pollution control
measures in Beijing.
Distinct aerosol effects on cloud-to-ground lightning in the plateau and basin regions of Sichuan, Southwest China
Authors: Zhao Pengguo , Li Zhanqing , Xiao Hui , Wu Fang , Zheng Youtong , Cribb Maureen C. , Jin Xiaoai , Zhou Yunjun
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The joint effects of aerosol, thermodynamic, and cloud-related factors on cloud-to-ground
lightning in Sichuan were investigated by a comprehensive analysis of ground-based measurements made
from 2005 to 2017 in combination with reanalysis data. Data include aerosol optical depth,
cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning density, convective available potential energy (CAPE), mid-level
relative humidity, lower- to mid-tropospheric vertical wind shear, cloud-base height, total column
liquid water (TCLW), and total column ice water (TCIW). Results show that CG lightning density and
aerosols are positively correlated in the plateau region and negatively correlated in the basin
region. Sulfate aerosols are found to be more strongly associated with lightning than total
aerosols, so this study focuses on the role of sulfate aerosols in lightning activity. In the
plateau region, the lower aerosol concentration stimulates lightning activity through
microphysical effects. Increasing the aerosol loading decreases the cloud droplet size, reducing the
cloud droplet collision–coalescence efficiency and inhibiting the warm-rain process. More small
cloud droplets are transported above the freezing level to participate in the freezing process,
forming more ice particles and releasing more latent heat during the freezing process. Thus, an
increase in the aerosol loading increases CAPE, TCLW, and TCIW, stimulating CG lightning in the
plateau region. In the basin region, by contrast, the higher concentration of aerosols inhibits
lightning activity through the radiative effect. An increase in the aerosol loading reduces the amount
of solar radiation reaching the ground, thereby lowering the CAPE. The intensity of convection
decreases, resulting in less supercooled water being transported to the freezing level and fewer ice
particles forming, thereby increasing the total liquid water content. Thus, an increase in the
aerosol loading suppresses the intensity of convective activity and CG lightning in the basin
region.
Measurement report: Regional trends of stratospheric ozone
evaluated using the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles
(MEGRIDOP)
Authors: Sofieva Viktoria F. , Szelag Monika , Tamminen Johanna , Kyrölä Erkki , Degenstein Doug , Roth Chris , Zawada Daniel , Rozanov Alexei , Arosio Carlo , Burrows John P. , Weber Mark , Laeng Alexandra , Stiller Gabriele , von Clarmann Thomas , Froidevaux Lucien , Livesey Nathaniel , van Roozendael Michel , Retscher Christian
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we present the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP) in the stratosphere with a resolved longitudinal structure, which is derived from data by six limb and occultation satellite instruments: GOMOS, SCIAMACHY and MIPAS on Envisat, OSIRIS on Odin, OMPS on Suomi-NPP, and MLS on Aura. The merged dataset was generated as a contribution to the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Ozone project (Ozone_cci). The period of this merged time series of ozone profiles is from late 2001 until the end of 2018. The monthly mean gridded ozone profile dataset is provided in the altitude range from 10 to 50 km in bins of 10° latitude × 20° longitude. The merging is performed using deseasonalized anomalies. The created MEGRIDOP dataset can be used for analyses, which probe our understanding of stratospheric chemistry and dynamics. To illustrate some possible areas of applications, we created the climatology of ozone profiles with resolved longitudinal structure. We found zonal asymmetry/structures in the climatological ozone profiles at middle and high latitudes associated with the polar vortex. At Northern high latitudes, the amplitude of the seasonal cycle also has a longitudinal dependence. The MEGRIDOP dataset has been also used to evaluate regional vertically-resolved ozone trends in the stratosphere, including polar regions. It is found that stratospheric ozone trends exhibit longitudinal structures at Northern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes, with enhanced trends over Scandinavia and Atlantic region. This agrees well with previous analyses and might be due to changes in dynamic processed related to the Brewer-Dobson circulation.
Revision of the WMO/GAW CO2 Calibration Scale
Authors: Hall Bradley D. , Crotwell Andrew M. , Kitzis Duane R. , Mefford Thomas , Miller Benjamin R. , Schibig Michael F. , Tans Pieter P.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory serves as the WMO/GAW Central Calibration Laboratory (CCL) for CO2 and is responsible for maintaining the WMO/GAW mole fraction scale used as a reference within the WMO/GAW program. The current WMO-CO2-X2007 scale is embodied by 15 aluminum cylinders containing natural air, with CO2 mole fractions determined using the NOAA manometer from 1995 to 2006. We have made two minor corrections to historical manometric records: fixing an error in the applied second virial coefficient of CO2, and accounting for loss of a small amount of CO2 to materials in the manometer during the measurement process. By incorporating these corrections, extending the measurement records of the original 15 primary standards through 2015, and adding four new primary standards to the suite, we define a new scale, identified as WMO-CO2-X2019. The new scale is 0.18 μmol mol−1 (ppm) greater than the previous scale at 400 ppm CO2. While this difference is small in relative terms (0.045 %), it is significant in terms of atmospheric monitoring. All measurements of tertiary-level standards will be reprocessed to WMO-CO2-X2019. The new scale is more internally consistent than WMO-CO2-X2007 owing to revisions in propagation, and should result in an overall improvement in atmospheric data records traceable to the CCL.
Microclimatic conditions and water content fluctuations experienced by epiphytic bryophytes in an Amazonian rain forest
Authors: Löbs Nina , Walter David , Barbosa Cybelli G. G. , Brill Sebastian , Alves Rodrigo P. , Cerqueira Gabriela R. , de Oliveira Sá Marta , de Araújo Alessandro C. , de Oliveira Leonardo R. , Ditas Florian , Moran-Zuloaga Daniel , Pires Florentino Ana Paula , Wolff Stefan , Godoi Ricardo H. M. , Kesselmeier Jürgen , Mota de Oliveira Sylvia , Andreae Meinrat O. , Pöhlker Christopher , Weber Bettina
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In the Amazonian rain forest, major parts of trees and
shrubs are covered by epiphytic cryptogams of great taxonomic variety, but
their relevance in biosphere–atmosphere exchange, climate processes, and
nutrient cycling is largely unknown. As cryptogams are poikilohydric
organisms, they are physiologically active only under moist conditions.
Thus, information on their water content (WC) as well as temperature and light
conditions experienced by them are essential to analyze their impact on
local, regional, and even global biogeochemical processes. In this study, we
present data on the microclimatic conditions, including water content,
temperature, and light conditions experienced by epiphytic bryophytes along
a vertical gradient, and combine these with above-canopy climate data
collected at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in the Amazonian rain forest between October 2014 and
December 2016. While the monthly average of above-canopy light intensities
revealed only minor fluctuations over the course of the year, the light
intensities experienced by the bryophytes varied depending on the location
within the canopy, probably caused by individual shading by vegetation. In
the understory (1.5 m), monthly average light intensities were similar
throughout the year, and individual values were extremely low, remaining
below 3 µmol m−2 s−1 photosynthetic photon flux density
more than 84 % of the time. Temperatures showed only minor
variations throughout the year, with higher values and larger
height-dependent differences during the dry season. The indirectly assessed
water content of bryophytes varied depending on precipitation, air
humidity, dew condensation, and bryophyte type. Whereas bryophytes in the
canopy were affected by diel fluctuations of the relative humidity and
condensation, those close to the forest floor mainly responded to rainfall
patterns. In general, bryophytes growing close to the forest floor were
limited by light availability, while those growing in the canopy had to
withstand larger variations in microclimatic conditions, especially during
the dry season. For further research in this field, these data may be
combined with CO2 gas exchange measurements to investigate the role of
bryophytes in various biosphere–atmosphere exchange processes, and could be
a tool to understand the functioning of the epiphytic community in greater
detail.
First Pan-Arctic Assessment of Dissolved Organic Carbon in
Permafrost-Region Lakes
Authors: Stolpmann Lydia , Coch Caroline , Morgenstern Anne , Boike Julia , Fritz Michael , Herzschuh Ulrike , Stoof-Leichsenring Kathleen , Dvornikov Yury , Heim Birgit , Lenz Josefine , Larsen Amy , Walter Anthony Katey , Jones Benjamin , Frey Karen , Grosse Guido
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Lakes in permafrost regions are dynamic landscape components and play an important role for climate change feedbacks. Lake processes such as mineralization and flocculation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), one of the main carbon fractions in lakes, contribute to the greenhouse effect and are part of the global carbon cycle. These processes are in focus of climate research but studies so far are limited to specific study regions. In our synthesis, we analysed 2,167 water samples from 1,833 lakes across the Arctic in permafrost regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Siberia to provide first pan-Arctic insights for linkages between DOC concentrations and the environment. Using published data and unpublished datasets from the author team we report regional DOC differences linked to latitude, permafrost zones, ecoregions, geology, near-surface soil organic carbon contents, and ground ice classification of each lake region. The lake DOC concentrations in our dataset range from 0 mg L−1 to 1,130 mg L−1 (10.8 mg L−1 median DOC concentration). Regarding the permafrost regions of our synthesis, we found median lake DOC concentrations of 12.4 mg L−1 (Siberia), 12.3 mg L−1 (Alaska), 10.3 mg L−1 (Greenland), and 4.5 mg L−1 (Canada). Our synthesis shows a significant relationship of lake DOC concentration and ecoregion of the lake. We found higher lake DOC concentrations in boreal permafrost sites compared to tundra sites. About 22 % of the lakes in our extensive dataset are located in regions with ice-rich syngenetic permafrost deposits (yedoma). Yedoma contains large amounts of easily erodible organic carbon and we found significantly higher DOC concentrations in yedoma lakes compared to non-yedoma lakes. Compared to previous studies we found a weak significant relationship of soil organic carbon content and lake DOC concentration as well as between ground-ice content and lake DOC. Our pan-Arctic dataset shows that the DOC concentration of a lake strongly depends on its environmental properties, especially on permafrost extent and ecoregion, as well as vegetation, which is the most important driver of lake DOC in this study. This new dataset will be fundamental to quantify a pan-Arctic lake DOC pool for estimations of the impact of lake DOC on the global carbon cycle and climate change.
Wildfire history of the boreal forest of southwestern Yakutia (Siberia) over the last two millennia documented by a lake-sedimentary charcoal record
Authors: Glückler Ramesh , Herzschuh Ulrike , Kruse Stefan , Andreev Andrei , Vyse Stuart Andrew , Winkler Bettina , Biskaborn Boris K. , Pestryakova Luidmila , Dietze Elisabeth
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Wildfires, as a key disturbance in forest ecosystems, are shaping the world’s boreal landscapes. Changes in fire regimes are closely linked to a wide array of environmental factors, such as vegetation composition, climate change, and human activity. Arctic and boreal regions and, in particular, Siberian boreal forests are experiencing rising air and ground temperatures with the subsequent degradation of permafrost soils, leading to shifts in tree cover and species composition. Compared to the boreal zones of North America or Europe, little is known about how such environmental changes might influence long-term fire regimes in Russia. The larch-dominated eastern Siberian deciduous boreal forests differ markedly from the composition of other boreal forests, yet data about past fire regimes remain sparse. Here, we present a high-resolution macroscopic charcoal record from lacustrine sediments of Lake Khamra (SW Yakutia, Siberia) spanning the last c. 2200 years, including information about charcoal particle sizes and morphotypes. Our results reveal a phase of increased charcoal accumulation between 600–900 CE, indicative of relatively high amounts of burnt biomass and high fire frequencies. This is followed by an almost 900-year-long period of low charcoal accumulation without significant peaks, likely corresponding to cooler climate conditions. After 1750 CE fire frequencies and the relative amount of biomass burnt start to increase again, coinciding with a warming climate and increased anthropogenic land development after Russian colonisation. In the 20th century, total charcoal accumulation decreases again to very low levels, despite higher fire frequency, potentially reflecting a change in fire management strategies and/or a shift of the fire regime towards more frequent, but smaller fires. A similar pattern for different charcoal morphotypes and comparison to a pollen and non-pollen palynomorph record from the same sediment core indicate that broad-scale changes in vegetation composition were probably not a major driver of recorded fire regime changes. Instead, the fire regime of the last two millennia at Lake Khamra seems to be controlled mainly by a combination of short-term climate variability and anthropogenic fire ignition and suppression.
Spectral nudging in the Tropics
Authors: Gómez Breogán , Miguez-Macho Gonzalo
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Spectral nudging allows forcing a selected part of the spectrum of a model's solution with the equivalent part in a reference dataset, such as an analysis, reanalysis or another model. This constrains the evolution in certain scales, typically the synoptic ones, while allowing the others to evolve freely. In a limited area model (LAM) setting, spectral nudging is commonly used to impose the large-scale circulation in the interior of the domain, so that the high resolution features in the LAM's forecast are consistent with the global circulation patterns. In a previous study developed over a Mid-Latitude domain, we investigated two parameters of spectral nudging that are often overlooked despite having a significant impact on the model solution. First, the cut-off wave number, which is the parameter determining the scales that are nudged and has a critical impact on the spatial structure of the model solution. Second, the spin-up time, which is the time required to balance the nudging force with the model internal climate and roughly indicates the starting point from when the results of the simulation contain useful information. The question remains if our conclusions for Mid-Latitudes are applicable to other areas of the planet. Tropical Latitudes offer an interesting testbed as its atmospheric dynamics has unique characteristics with respect to that further North and yet it is the result of the same underlying physical principles. We study the impact of these two parameters in a domain centred in the Gulf of Mexico, with a particular aim to evaluate their performance related to hurricane modelling. We perform 4-day simulations along 6 monthly periods between 2010 and 2015, testing several spectral nudging configurations. Our results indicate that the optimal cut off wavenumber lies between 1000 Km and 1500 Km depending on the studied variable and that the spin-up time required is at least 72 h to 96 h, which is consistent with our previous work. We evaluate our findings in four hurricane cases, allowing for at least 96 h of spin-up time before the system becomes a tropical storm. Results confirm that the experiments with cut-off wavenumbers near the Rossby Radius of Deformation perform best. We also propose a novel approach in which a different cut-off wavenumber is used for each variable. Our tests in the hurricane cases show that the latter set up is able to outperform all of the other spectral nudging experiments when compared to observations.
A EXPANSÃO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR PRIVADO COM FINS LUCRATIVOS NO BRASIL: DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988 ATÉ MEADOS DOS ANOS DE 2010
Authors: Costa Fábio Luciano Oliveira
Published: November 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar alguns dos textos legislativos que incentivaram a expansão do ensino superior privado com fins lucrativos no Brasil, desde a Constituição Federal de 1988, até meados dos anos de 2010. A análise textual foi feita por meio da abordagem qualitativa, com a seleção de livros, teses acadêmicas, artigos publicados em periódicos, a legislação pertinente à discussão, e alguns dados estatísticos. Dessa forma, foi possível observar o destacado crescimento das Instituições de Ensino Superior Privadas Lucrativas, num curto espaço de tempo, sobretudo por meio do forte papel do Estado e do Fundo Público.
O REGIME DE LIMITES DE GASTOS NO ÂMBITO DO ORÇAMENTO FISCAL E DA SEGURIDADE SOCIAL DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL: ANÁLISE SOBRE UM PROCESSO EM CURSO
Authors: Fernandes Solange Jarcem
Published: November 2020

O texto teve como objetivo analisar a Emenda Constitucional Estadual n. 77/2017 verificando seus efeitos na Política de Valorização dos Professores da Educação Básica da Rede Estadual de Ensino de Mato Grosso do Sul. A decisão metodológica de análise se justifica em razão da mesma ter sido apresentada, votada e implantada na sequência da aprovação da EC n. 95/2016 com poucas variações em termos de conceitos e de conteúdo. Os dados documentais foram obtidos por meio do Estatuto do Magistério Estadual, dos Balanços Orçamentários, dos Sindicatos e da análise da legislação federal e estadual. Conclui-se que a EC n.77/2017 promoveu a redução dos vencimentos salariais dos professores temporários, contribuiu para o aumento da alíquota previdenciária e postergou para 2024 a integralização do PSPN no vencimento dos docentes efetivos.

 

Palavras-chave: Emenda Constitucional n. 95/2016. Emenda Constitucional Estadual n. 77/2017.  Valorização do Magistério. Vencimentos Salariais.
Por um novo conceito e paradigma de educação digital onlife
Authors: Moreira José António , Schlemmer Eliane
Published: November 2020

Resumo: A evolução das tecnologias digitais e das redes de comunicação também digitais propiciaram o surgimento de uma sociedade reticular marcada pela conectividade entre diferentes entidades, o que tem provocado mudanças acentuadas na economia e no mercado de trabalho, impulsionando o nascimento de novos paradigmas, modelos, processos de comunicação educacional e novos cenários de ensino e de aprendizagem. No entanto, não se imaginava, nem mesmo os professores que já adotavam ambientes online nas suas práticas, que seria necessária uma mudança tão rápida e emergencial, devido à expansão do coronavírus que inviabilizou a presença física de professores e estudantes no espaço geográfico das instituições educacionais, e obrigou os professores a transpor metodologias e práticas, adotadas em salas de aula presencial física, para os meios online, resultando em práticas de ensino remoto, de ensino a distância, distintas das práticas consolidadas neste domínio e sustentadas pela pesquisa na área. Tendo, pois, em consideração este contexto, o objetivo deste artigo, de natureza eminentemente teórica é, por um lado, contribuir para  delimitação de conceitos fundamentais no domínio da Educação mediada pelo digital, como Ensino Remoto ou Ensino a Distância, Educação a Distância ou eLearning, dentre outros e que muitas vezes são usados de forma indiferenciada sem rigor conceitual, e por outro, apresentar a proposição de um novo conceito e paradigma que designámos de Educação Digital OnLife.
Sistema Agroflorestal na Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Moreira dos Santos Wanderson , Robert Faria Layanny , Messias Rocha Anderson Fabrício , Rodrigues Vale Luís Sérgio , Da Silva Kran Cássio
Published: November 2020

Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) quando implantados e conduzidos sob os princípios da agroecologia e com o manejo adequado possibilitam acelerar os processos de regeneração de sistemas ambientais, como na recuperação de áreas degradadas e na produção de alimentos. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este projeto restaurar uma área improdutiva com a implantação de um sistema agroflorestal em uma propriedade de agricultura familiar no município de Ceres, GO. A metodologia utilizada foi a implantação de um SAF in loco, com participação direta do agricultor e de alunos do IF Goiano – Campus Ceres. No sistema foram introduzidas olerícolas e cultura anual, fruteiras e plantas arbóreas. Após um ano de implantação, o SAF proporcionou incremento no potencial produtivo da área da chácara São Pedro. É uma opção para tornar-se áreas degradadas e/ou não utilizadas/improdutivas em uma área com produção de alimentos, preservação ambiental e promoção do bem estar para as famílias do campo.
Extensão universitária e práticas pedagógicas na escola da cultura digital: uma experiência
Authors: Casagrande Ana Lara
Published: November 2020

Apresenta-se o curso de extensão intitulado Práticas pedagógicas na escola da cultura digital: temáticas pervasivas e se discute a extensão universitária frente ao momento de suspensão das aulas nos moldes presenciais, o que tornou premente discutir a escola em face da construção histórica, cultural e social ligada ao digital, considerando o século XXI. O referido projeto visou debater as temáticas: cultura digital e tecnologia, Didática, controle da informação na era da pós-verdade, discriminação racial e representatividade, educação matemática na perspectiva do letramento e multiletramentos digitais, junto aos estudantes de licenciatura (presencial e EaD), de maneira a fomentar as reflexões sobre as práticas pedagógicas na escola da cultura digital. O projeto, que se desenvolveu de maneira remota, possibilitou problematização do cotidiano escolar e representações nele construídas, com inter-relação entre atuação docente e epistemologia, numa perspectiva crítica.
Educação e ambientes híbridos de aprendizagem. Um processo de inovação sustentada
Authors: Moreira Jose Antonio , Horta Maria João
Published: November 2020

A evolução das tecnologias digitais e de uma consciência de mundialização em rede têm provocado mudanças acentuadas na sociedade, impulsionando o nascimento de novos paradigmas, modelos, processos de comunicação educacional, bem como novos cenários de ensino e de aprendizagem. É, pois, impossível imaginar uma educação “unblended” – e não é se devemos combinar, mas como combinar, o que exige uma reengenharia dos processos de ensino e mudanças culturais, nas instituições e nos atores. Esta é a visão híbrida, uma visão de inovação sustentada, que projeta a realidade de um caminho nem sempre fácil de percorrer. É neste contexto de uma educação blended e híbrida, compreendida quanto à presença (física e digital), quanto às tecnologias (analógicas e digitais), quanto à cultura (pré-digital e digital) e, sobretudo, quanto aos ambientes e espaços (analógicos e digitais), que este texto encontra o seu espaço. O seu principal objetivo é, por um lado, analisar modelos híbridos que permitem articular e combinar diferentes ambientes de aprendizagem e, por outro, apresentar alguns conceitos a ter em consideração na planificação e gestão de atividades de aprendizagem nesses ambientes.
Os construtos de “inteligibilidade” e “compreensibilidade” em dados do português brasileiro como língua adicional: um olhar via sistemas dinâmicos complexos
Authors: Albuquerque Jeniffer Imaregna Alcantara de , Alves Ubiratã Kickhöfel
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho problematiza os construtos de “inteligibilidade” e “compreensibilidade” (MUNRO, DERWING, 2015), aproxima-os à concepção de Língua como Sistema Dinâmico Complexo, e propõe adaptações na mensuração da inteligibilidade de haitianos, aprendizes de Português como Língua Adicional (LA), por brasileiros. Contamos com 57 participantes brasileiros, divididos em três grupos (monolíngues, aprendizes de francês e aprendizes de inglês). Foram testados três diferentes modos de mensuração: percentual de palavras corretas, Escala de Likert e tempo de tomada de decisão. Os resultados preliminares apontam para a complexidade da relação entre os modos de mensuração testados, verificados por meio das diferentes respostas de cada grupo.
O amor é pop: canções e posicionamento pop-rock para crianças
Authors: Mendes Maria das Dores Nogueira , Matos José Wesley Vieira
Published: November 2020

Este estudo investiga a construção e representação dos relacionamentos afetivos, com realce para o aspecto amoroso, no posicionamento Pop-rock para crianças, tendo como corpus as produções do grupo Pato Fu (2010, 2017), do heterônimo Adriana Partimpim (2004, 2009, 2012), e do grupo Pequeno Cidadão (2009, 2012, 2016). Para isso, tomamos como referencial os teóricos discutidos no projeto INVOCANÇÕES, ligado ao Grupo Discuta (UFC), tais como Maingueneau (2001a, 2001b, 2005, 2006, 2015), Costa (2012, 2013), Mendes (2013), Gonzalez (2014), Mendes (2017), entre outros. Assim, investigamos qual o tratamento dado a esse aspecto por meio da análise do ethos discursivo dos distintos enunciadores, da construção cenográfica e do investimento vocal do locutor. Dessa maneira, pensamos como essas características contribuem para o delineamento do posicionamento em que se inscrevem no campo literomusical. A análise aponta que o amor constitui, para além de uma temática rica e recorrente no posicionamento, uma bandeira que compõe o núcleo identitário “revolucionário” do Pop-rock para crianças
Partido da mineração: a influência das mineradoras nas eleições de 2014 em MG
Authors: Guimarães Carolina Lucinda , Milanez Bruno , Ribeiro Helton Lucinda
Published: November 2020

As empresas do setor de mineração estiveram historicamente entre as grandes doadoras de campanhas eleitorais. Com isso, essas empresas elegeram verdadeiras bancadas comprometidas com seus interesses. Apesar do financiamento de pessoas jurídicas não ser mais permitido, muitos dos políticos atualmente no poder foram eleitos com apoio de diferentes empresas. Para avaliar a dimensão da influência política do setor mineral, este trabalho analisa dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) referentes às doações de campanha nas eleições para deputado estadual em Minas Gerais no ano de 2014. Os dados coletados foram confrontados com a composição das principais comissões da Assembleia Legislativa de Minas Gerais dedicadas a temas relacionados com a atividade minerária.
Domestic Violence: A Hindrance to Optimal Functioning of a Learner’s Cognitive Capacity
Authors: Ganga Emily , Chinyoka Kudzai , Kufakunesu Moses
Published: November 2020

Domestic violence is a common phenomenon that seems to be taking a centre stage in hindering sustainable development in many homes today. Previously, advocates for peace within homes were concerned more about wives being beaten by their husbands, but today there is a shift in paradigm where wives are seemingly inflicting both physical and psychological pain on their husbands. As if this is not enough, the young boys and girls reared within these homes seem to be getting an equal share that resultantly impedes the optimal function of their cognitive capacities. This study analyses the various dimensions of domestic violence and the resultant impediment on the effective function of the learner’s cognitive function. The study was structured from a constructivist learning perspective, bearing in mind three dimensional theoretical approaches covering the socio-cultural theory by Levy Vygotsky, ecological theory by Urie Bronfenbrenner and observational learning by Albert Bandura. The plight of the learner being nurtured within violent homes was surveyed where some teachers and pupils’ observations, anecdotal records and vignettes were major data collection tools among young boys and girls randomly selected from both rural and urban schools locally. The study established that commitment by parents, caregivers and teachers in carrying out their responsibilities seem to be on the decline. The study further exposes some inherent challenges and abuses faced by learners in unsuitable living conditions. The implications of such situations are that learning institutions should ascertain possible ways of liberating the affected learner and educate the parents, caregivers and teachers on the negative effects of perpetuating domestic violence.
Investigating the E-Learning Challenges Faced by Students during Covid-19 in Namibia
Authors: Kaisara Godwin , Bwalya Kelvin Joseph
Published: November 2020

Over the past two decades, e-learning has become an increasingly important field of study that has attracted scholarly and policy makers’ attention. Many developing nations have embraced e-learning as a tool to enhance accessilibility and affordability of higher education. During the COVID-19 lockdown period, many universities across the world were forced to embrace online teachning and learning to circumvent lockdowns, social distancing and other public health interventions put in place to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus. Consequently, this study sought to establish students’ experiences with the e-learning mode during the COVID-19 lockdown in Namibia. The paper discusses the results of an online survey of 137 undergraduate students about their experiences using e-learning technologies during the COVID-19-induced university closures. An online survey instrument was created on Google forms and a link distributed to students through WhatsApp class groups. Quantitative data were presented through frequency tables and figures, whilst we adopted thematic content analysis to analyse qualitative data. The results of the survey indicate that mobile devices remained the primary computing device used to access academic information. An analysis of the study results led to the emergence of five themes, viz, e-learning system accessibility, e-learning platform layout, resources to access Internet and network, isolation and home environment that captured student challenges with online classes. This paper argues that e-learning is still faced by a myriad of challenges that need to be addressed if it has to be a success. Furthermore, we advance the argument for mobile learning as a viable option for Africa due to the ubuiquity of mobile devices.