bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Diagnostic Role of Morphological Signs of Wild Rose (Rosa L.)
Authors: Umarov M U , Taysumov M A , Astamirova M A , Umarov R M , Gapaev Ya S , Baybatyrova E R
Published: February 2020

Identification and systematics of species of wild rose (Rosa L.) are often associated with difficulties due to the diversity and variability of morphological features used in this process. They also arise in establishing genetic links between taxa of different ranks. Clarity in the diagnostic role of specific or group of characters is not only theoretical but also of practical importance. Such an attempt is made on the example of species of the genus Rosa from different sections and subsections (R. canina. R. danaiorum, R. ruprechtii, R. marschalliana, R. obtusifolia, R. svanetica, Rosa mollis, R. buschiana, R. pulverulenta, R pomifera, R. iberica, R. pimpinnefolia, etc.) of Chechnya and adjacent territories. The set of signs of the vegetative and generative sphere used in identifying species, subsections, sections has been considered. There was a lack of representativeness for the intraspecific diagnostics of such signs as: “free, immersed columns”, or “sessile stigmas in the hemispherical head above the fetal throat”, “occasionally solid sepals, with downward directed fruits” and others used in sectional diagnoses, because they are characteristic of species of different sections. The authors noted the heterogeneity of the authors’ approach to the characterization of section rank taxa, the inadmissibility of the universal, and the need for a differentiated approach in using the same characteristics when identifying taxa of different levels.
The Comparative Analysis of the Identification of Parasitic Fungi Races Affecting the Soil and Cultivated Vegetable and Cucurbits Crops in the Astrakhan Region
Authors: Zakutnova V I , Strelkov S P , Sorokin A P , Kosobokova S R , Morozova L V , Talyshkina A E
Published: February 2020

The habitat of plant pathogens does not remain constant and undergoes significant changes. Therefore, the reasons have to be revealed: the emergence of fungal infectious matter in the soil; the infection source and rate, which may have epiphytotic character under environmental factors of the disease development and consequently lead to the reduction in the yield of vegetable and cucurbits crops. As a result, it is necessary to conduct monitoring and objective diagnosis of the phytosanitary condition of the planting of vegetables and melons. In this case, the identification of parasitic fungi races of the Astrakhan region remains relevant and timely.
The Impact of Supplier Selection Criteria and Supplier Involvement Towards Supplier Performance at CV Teguh Jaya
Authors: Kartikasari Yashinta , Melinda Tina
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to determine the impact of supplier selection criteria and supplier involvement on supplier performance in CV Teguh Jaya. The variables studied were supplier selection criteria (X1) and supplier involvement (X2). There are five indicators in supplier selection criteria, namely cost, quality, delivery, flexibility, and reliability. Whereas Supplier Involvement can be inferred from indicators such as how active the supplier is in updating goods and data, providing responses to customers, and minimizing problems in business processes. The analytical tool used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis. The population in this study was resellers who have become regular customers in CV Teguh Jaya with a sample size of 98 respondents, determined through purposive sampling technique with the criterion of being a fixed customer for at least 2 years. From the data analysis results we can infer that both supplier selection criteria and supplier involvement have impact on supplier performance. Based on the analysis results, CV Teguh Jaya needs to maintain the elements that were deemed satisfactory by the customers and need to improve on elements deemed lacking. Future research can consider adding other variables used in the previous studies.
Keywords: Supplier selection criteria; Supplier involvement; and Supplier performance
Design Drawing As a Tool to Communicate Business Opportunities
Authors: Sukardi Kodrat David
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine design drawings as a means to communicate ideas to others in forms and symbols that are simple and easily understood by users. Data gathering is done by mapping design by photographing designs, design trips by tracking previous designs, design journals by making visual design diaries, interviewing extreme users with people who really know and really do not know, and unfocused groups with various group of people. The stages of analysis are done by finding references, drawing analogies and making evaluations. The results of this study prove that the drawing design process can be used as a tool to communicate business opportunities for loafer shoes, monk strap shoes and boots.
Keywords: Design Drawing; Business Opportunities Communication; Design; Drawing and Interpretation
Increased Competitive Advantage and Supply Chain Management Improve Company Performance (Case Study in Mild Steel Rollforming Companies in East Java)
Authors: . Anisah , Dewi Liliana
Published: February 2020

This research aims to identify the impact of supply chain management to company performance and advantage of roll-forming light steel manufacture company in East Java. The data collection was done by submitting list of questions. The data was analyzed using path analysis. This research elaborates supply chain management variable (X1), company performance variable (Y1), and competitive advantage (Y2). Results of the path analysis show that there are 3 positive and significant hypotheses. The first hypothesis is that supply chain management brings significant impact to company performance. The second hypothesis is that supply chain management brings significant impact to competitive advantage, and the third hypothesis is that competitive advantage brings significant impact on company performance. VAF (Variance Accounted For) score for intermediary variable tends to be partial mediation.
Keywords: supply chain management; company performance; competitive advantage
The Role of Financial Literacy, Gender, Education, and Ethnicity towards Investment Decisions
Authors: ED Radianto Wirawan , Lianoto Yosefa , Christian Efrata Tommy , Dewi Liliana
Published: February 2020

The awareness and desire to allocate funds to meet future needs have caused many employees to start investing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the level of financial literacy and demographic factors on employee investment decisions. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis models to analyze data. The population in this study is employees with the criteria of having an investment instrument, either real or financial asset investments. The results of this study indicate that only the level of financial literacy partially influences investment decisions while gender, education, and ethnicity do not affect employee investment decisions.
Keywords: Financial Literacy; Gender; Education; Ethnicity; Investment Decisions
The Influence of Marketing Orientation on Market-led Organization Culture
Authors: Agung Krisprimandoyo D.
Published: February 2020

Market orientation is an activity to develop an understanding of current and future customer needs. Marketing-oriented organizations have an organizational culture or set of values and beliefs to serve customer needs. Based on the theoretical framework of a marketing orientation, which need to be considered are customer orientation, Competitor orientation, Focus on the long term, Interfunctional coordination. Marketingoriented organizations are those that have a marketing-led organizational culture. The study was conducted on employees at Ciputra Group with 337 respondents. The results of the study showed that there was no effect of the competitor orientation on the marketing-led organizational culture. The influential dimensions are customer orientation, Focus on the long term and Interfunctional coordination.
Keywords: Customer orientation; Competitor orientation; Focus on the long term; Interfunctional coordination; Market-led Organization Culture; Marketing Orientation
DIGITAL LITERATION MODELS FOR CHARACTER EDUCATION IN GLOBALIZATION ERA
Authors: Trisiana Anita
Published: February 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is as one of the strategies to improve civic virtue through the development of digital literacy models for the character building in universities to compete in the era of globalization.

Methodology: The method used in this research is research and development methods. Data collection techniques in this preliminary study were carried out through observation, interviews at universities in Central Java, to obtain data on the development of digital literacy models.

Main Findings: Development of an integrated digital literacy model through the semester learning plan inserted in each learning. The use of social media as a medium in the development of digital literacy models in the learning of Citizenship Education has a positive and negative impact.

Applications of this study: The literacy habituation in learning that utilizes social media can improve the student's civic virtue that has students well behaved both in the campus environment and in the community.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The elaboration of intellectual attitudes in determining attitudes and decisions in acting as a responsible citizen. In this globalization era, the development of technology and information is very important. The education process requires the will to literacy; Literacy is the most important activity in education.
EMDR Group Protocol With Children: A Field Study
Authors: Korkmazlar Ümran , Bozkurt Berfin , Tan Tunca Deniz
Published: February 2020

The Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Group Protocol with Children (EMDR-GP/C) was first developed by Korkmazlar following the Marmara earthquake in Turkey in 1999 and can be adapted for different populations. This study focused on EMDR-GP with children who lost their fathers in the mine explosion that occurred in 2014 in Soma, Turkey. The EMDR-GP/C was used with 41 children (7–12 years old) in the early intervention, 3 weeks after the disaster, and used with 25 other children (6–13 years old) in the late intervention, 18 months after the disaster, when posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms had developed. The differences between the early and late implementations of EMDR-GP/C are presented in this article. In the early intervention, children processed the trauma by focusing on the “events” as they saw or heard them; however, 18 months after the disaster, children processed their “emotions” about the event in the desensitization phase. Results show a significant decrease in scores of subjective units of disturbance (SUDs) for both intervention periods. An analysis was also conducted, comparing decreases in SUD scores for younger and older children, with no differences found in their response to treatment. Pre and follow-up data were collected for the late intervention condition, using the Child Report of Posttraumatic Symptoms (CROPS), and showed a significant decrease at 18-month follow-up. Further studies are suggested to determine effectiveness of EMDR-GP/C with other populations.
Radicle length and container size effects on root deformities in the Mediterranean oak Quercus suber L.
Authors: Benamirouche Samir , Chouial Mebarek , Guechi Wiam
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the effects on root deformations in Mediterranean cork oaks Quercus suber L. of container size and radicle length at the time of sowing. Acorns at five sowing methods – intact acorns, acorns that had germinated during storage, acorns that had germinated after moist stratification and acorns with radicles (R) less than 5 mm in length, 7 mm to 12 mm in length and more than 15 mm length – were planted individually in WM type containers of 400 cm3, 800 cm3 and 1,200 cm3. At the end of the nursery growth period, the roots of the 1,080 sampled seedlings were examined for root deformities. The experiment results showed that root deformation affected almost half (49%) of the container-grown cork oak seedlings and that the germination status of acorns at the time of planting had a significant effect on root deformations, whereas container volume had no clear effect. The largest number of deformed roots (91%) was observed in seedlings grown from germinated acorns, as compared to 9% of seedlings grown from intact acorns. Planting germinated acorns with radicles 15 < R < 20 mm and 7 < R < 12 mm in length produced the highest percentages of detrimental deformations. Irrespective of size, the bottomless WM container type was shown to be highly effective against the root spiralling frequently observed in closed cylindrical polyethylene bags. The results of this study could help to improve cork oak seedling quality for more successful reforestation programs.
Online bibliographic reference
Authors: Gorbunov-Possadov Mikhail Mikhailovich
Published: February 2020

What happens to the bibliographic reference when scientific publications turn from printed publications to online ones? At first glance, very little: a hyperlink to this work's online position may be added to the usual bibliographic information. However, even GOST R 7.0.5–2008 "Bibliographic reference," which was published more than 10 years ago, already provided for specifying two additional online attributes in this reference: the date when the author of the reference last accessed it, and the date when the version of the publication used by the author was posted. Over the years, much has changed in this area, and some of the old hyperlink attributes have lost their relevance. However, through the increased capacity of cross-domain solutions, now there is the technical possibility to include dynamically important to online reader information in the text of online bibliographic reference. In particular, the number of visits to work yesterday and total visits from the date of posting, the number of references to this work according to Google Scholar and/or Crossref, the date of the latest available revision of the text, etc. are in high demand by online readers. Such opportunities, which are very topical for a modern author of scientific publication, are unfortunately ignored in Russian state standard P 7.0.108-2022, which was introduced in 2022.
Long-Term (Up to 21 Years) Survival of Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty with Use of a Constrained Condylar Knee Prosthesis
Authors: Kim Young-Hoo , Park Jang-Won
Published: February 2020

In our original report, 97 patients (114 knees) underwent revision total knee arthroplasty with use of a Legacy Constrained Condylar Knee prosthesis (LCCK; Zimmer), with a mean follow-up of 7.2 years (range, 5 to 10 years). The purpose of the present study was to determine the long-term clinical and radiographic results, with a focus on component fixation and the prevalence of osteolysis. At a mean follow-up of 19.2 years (range, 16 to 21 years), re-revision of the LCCK prosthesis had been performed in 10 knees (9%). The rate of survival at 19.2 years was 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 94% to 100%) with reoperation for mechanical failure as the end point, and 91% (95% CI, 87% to 98%) with reoperation for any reason as the end point. One knee had circumferential osteolysis around the components.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Effect of Surgeon Caseload on the Relative Revision Rate of Cemented and Cementless Unicompartmental Knee Replacements
Authors: Mohammad Hasan R. , Matharu Gulraj S. , Judge Andrew , Murray David W.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) offers substantial benefits compared with total knee replacement (TKR) but is associated with higher revision rates. Data from registries suggest that revision rates for cementless UKR implants are lower than those for cemented implants. It is not known how much of this difference is due to the implant or to other factors, such as a greater proportion of high-volume surgeons using cementless implants. We aimed to determine the effect of surgeon caseload on the revision rate of matched cemented and cementless UKRs.

Methods:

From a group of 40,522 Oxford (Zimmer Biomet) UKR implants (30,814 cemented, 9,708 cementless) recorded in the National Joint Registry, 14,814 (7,407 cemented, 7,407 cementless) were propensity-score matched. Surgeons were categorized into 3 groups: low volume (<10 cases/year), medium volume (10 to <30 cases/year), and high volume (≥30 cases/year). The effect of caseload on the relative risk of revision was assessed with use of Cox regression.

Results:

The 10-year survival rates for unmatched cementless and cemented UKR implants were 93.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 89.8% to 95.7%) and 89.1% (95% CI = 88.6% to 89.6%), respectively, with the difference being significant (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59; p < 0.001). Cementless UKR implants had a greater proportion of high-volume surgeon users than cemented implants (30.4% compared with 15.1%). Following matching, the 10-year survival rates were 93.2% (95% CI = 89.7% to 95.6%) and 90.2% (95% CI = 87.5% to 92.3%), which were still significantly different (HR = 0.76; p = 0.002). The 10-year survival rates for matched cementless and cemented UKR implants were 86.8% (95% CI = 73.6% to 93.7%) and 81.8% (95% CI = 73.0% to 88.0%) for low-volume surgeons, 94.3% (95% CI = 92.2% to 95.9%) and 92.5% (95% CI = 89.9% to 94.5%) for medium-volume surgeons, and 97.5% (95% CI = 96.5% to 98.2%) and 94.2% (95% CI = 90.8% to 96.4%) for high-volume surgeons. The revision rate for cementless implants was lower for surgeons in all 3 caseload groups (HR = 0.74, 0.79, 0.80, respectively).

Conclusions:

Cementless fixation decreased the revision rate by about a quarter, whatever the surgeon caseload. Caseload had a profound effect on implant survival. Low-volume surgeons had a high revision rate with cemented or cementless fixation and therefore should consider either stopping or doing more UKR procedures. High-volume surgeons performing cementless UKR demonstrated a 10-year survival rate of 97.5%, which was similar to that reported in registries for the best-performing TKRs.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Artificial Intelligence and Orthopaedics
Authors: Myers Thomas G. , Ramkumar Prem N. , Ricciardi Benjamin F. , Urish Kenneth L. , Kipper Jens , Ketonis Constantinos
Published: February 2020

➤ Artificial intelligence (AI) provides machines with the ability to perform tasks using algorithms governed by pattern recognition and self-correction on large amounts of data to narrow options in order to avoid errors.

➤ The 4 things necessary for AI in medicine include big data sets, powerful computers, cloud computing, and open source algorithmic development.

➤ The use of AI in health care continues to expand, and its impact on orthopaedic surgery can already be found in diverse areas such as image recognition, risk prediction, patient-specific payment models, and clinical decision-making.

➤ Just as the business of medicine was once considered outside the domain of the orthopaedic surgeon, emerging technologies such as AI warrant ownership, leverage, and application by the orthopaedic surgeon to improve the care that we provide to the patients we serve.

➤ AI could provide solutions to factors contributing to physician burnout and medical mistakes. However, challenges regarding the ethical deployment, regulation, and the clinical superiority of AI over traditional statistics and decision-making remain to be resolved.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BRAND IMAGE, PROMOSI, HARGA, DAN LOKASI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN MEMILIH MENGINAP DIHOTEL SALA VIEW SOLO
Authors: Jumiati - , Sudarwati - , Widayanti Rochmi
Published: February 2020

Semakin banyak pembangunan hotel di kota solo membuat persaingan semakin ketat dalam merebut pangsa pasar, perusahaan harus mampu menciptakan strategi pemasaran yang gencar, baik dalam menciptakan brand image perusahaan, meningkatkan promosi penjualan, menciptakan strategi harga, dan pemilihan lokasi yang strategis untuk menarik daya para konsumen. Keputusan konsumen untuk membeli sebuah produk merupakan keinginan dan harapan sebuah perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh brand image, promosi, harga, dan lokasi terhadap keputusan konsumen memilih menginap dihotel sala view solo. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda, dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 94 responden berdasarkan rumus arikunto (2010). Penelitian ini menunjukan hasil dari variabel brand image, promosi, harga dan lokasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan konsumen memilih menginap di hotel sala view solo. Secara parsial variabel brand image, promosi, harga dan lokasi juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan konsumen memilih menginap di hotel sala view solo.
Pengukuran Kinerja Dengan Menggunakan Human Resources Scorecard (Studi pada Tenaga Kependidikan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura)
Authors: Rosidi Moh Amin , Amaria -
Published: February 2020

Cakupan minimal yang termuat dalam abstraksi adalah: permasalahan, tujuan penelitian, metode, temuan dan implikasi. Disusun dalam 1 (satu) paragraph. Disajikan di bagian awal artikel, justify, Book Antiqua 10. Jumlah kata antara 150 – 200 kata. Ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia yang benar. Cakupan minimal yang termuat dalam abstraksi adalah: permasalahan, tujuan penelitian, metode, temuan dan implikasi. Disusun dalam 1 (satu) paragraph. Disajikan di bagian awal artikel, justify, Book Antiqua 10. Jumlah kata antara 150 – 200 kata. Ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia yang benar.
Penggunaan Digital Guerilla Marketing Dalam Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah
Authors: Nur Fadhila Siti Ayu
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Prinsip dari strategi guerilla marketing dan (2) Penerapan strategi guerilla marketing dalam konsep digital marketing   bagi   Usaha   Kecil   dan   Menengah   (UKM).   Jenis   penelitian  ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi  literatur.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan,  (1)  terdapat  3  prinsip  strategi guerilla marketing yatitu surprise effect, diffusion effect, dan low cost effect (2) penerapan strategi guerilla marketing dalam konsep digital marketing dapat dilakukan   dengan   cara   penukaran   poin   belanja,   menampilkan   kuis,   dan menjangkau konsumen dengan menampilkan testimoni secara suka rela dari konsumen yang merasa puas.
Peran Mediasi Perceived Value dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Experiental Marketing terhadap Behavioral Intention (Studi pada Wisata Wahana di Kota Batu)
Authors: Mudzakkir Mohammad Fakhruddin , Nurfarida Iva Nurdiana
Published: February 2020

The  purpose  of  this  study  is  to  find  out  the  role  of  perceived  value  in  mediating experiential marketing influence towards  Behavioral Intention of visitors in Wisata Wahana of Batu City. The samples were 100 respondents from visitors of Eco Green Park, Jatim Park I and II. analysis technique using path analysis. The result of the study shows that experiential marketing has significant and positive influence towards perceived  value  and  Behavioral  Intention.  The  perceived  value  variable  has  been proven to be able to mediate experiential marketing influence towards the Behavioral Intention  of  visitors  significantly,  while  the  mediation  happen  is  partial,  because without the perceived value variable as mediation, the experiential marketing variable can affect the Behavioral Intention.
Editorial
Authors: Oliver Beverley , Tucker Beatrice
Published: February 2020

Welcome to Volume 11 of the Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability.2020 promises to be a significant year for the Journal. In the coming months we will launch a new look for the Journal as we update to the newest version of OJS. This is a timely development as the Journal, now indexed in the SCOPUS, Informit, ERIC and Crossref databases, continues to provide a scholarly forum for research which furthers our understanding of the issues surrounding graduate employability. We are also pleased to announce that a second Volume for this year will be a Special Issue on Micro-credentials and qualifications for future work and learning. For more information please see the Announcements section on the Journal Home Page.
Practical Value of Three-dimensional High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Vessel Wall Imaging in Identifying Suspicious Intracranial Vertebrobasilar Dissecting Aneurysms
Authors: Zhu Xianjin , Qiu Hancheng , Hui Ferdinand K , Zhang Yiqun , Liu Yun-e , Man Fengyuan , Jiang Wei-Jian
Published: February 2020

Background: Direct evidence of intimal flaps, double lumen and intramural haematomas (IMH) is difficult to detect on conventional angiography in most intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs). Our purpose was to assess the value of three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (3D HRMR VWI) for identifying VBDAs.
Methods: Between August 2013 and January 2016, consecutive patients with suspicious VBDAs were prospectively enrolled to undergo catheter angiography and VWI (pre- and post-contrast). The lesion was diagnosed as definite VBDA when presenting direct signs of dissection; as possible when only presenting indirect signs; and as segmental ectasia when there was local dilation and wall thickness similar to adjacent normal artery’s without mural thrombosis.
Results: Twenty-one patients with 27 lesions suspicious for VBDAs were finally included. Based on findings of VWI and catheter angiography, definite VBDA was diagnosed in 25 and 7 lesions (92.6%, vs 25.9%, p = 0.000), respectively; possible VBDA in 0 and 20 (0 vs 74.1%), respectively; and segmental ectasia in 2 and 0 (7.4% vs 0%), respectively. On VWI and catheter angiography, intimal flap was detected in 21 and 7 lesions (77.8% vs 25.9%, p=0.001), respectively; double lumen sign in 18 and 7 (66.7% vs 25.9%, p=0.003), respectively; and IMH sign in 14 and 0 (51.9% vs 0), respectively.
Conclusions: 3D HRMR VWI could detect direct dissection signs more frequently than catheter angiography. This may help obtain definite diagnosis of intracranial VBDAs, and allow accurate differentiation between dissecting aneurysm and segmental ectasia as well. Further prospective study with larger sample was required to investigate the superiority of HRMR VWI for definite diagnosis of intracranial VBDAs than catheter angiography
Comparative Genomics and Association Analysis Identifies Virulence Genes of Cercospora sojina on Soybean
Authors: Gu Xin , Ding Junjie , Liu Wei , Yang Xiaohe , Yao Liang liang , Gao Xuedong , Zhang Maoming , Yang Shuai , Wen Jingzhi
Published: February 2020

Background: Recently, a new strain of Cercospora sojina (Race15) has been identified, which has caused the breakdown of resistance in most soybean cultivars in China. Despite this serious yield reduction, little is known about why this strain is more virulent than others. Therefore, we sequenced the Race15 genome and compared it to the Race1 genome sequence, as its virulence is significantly lower. We then re-sequenced 30 isolates of C. sojina from different regions to identifying differential virulence genes using genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). Results: The 40.12-Mb Race15 genome encodes 12,607 predicated genes and contains large numbers of gene clusters that have annotations in 11 different common databases. Comparative genomics revealed that although these two genomes had a large number of homologous genes, their genome structures have evolved to introduce 245 specific genes. The most important 5 candidate virulence genes were located on Contig 3 and Contig 1 and were mainly related to the regulation of metabolic mechanisms and the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites, thereby putatively affecting fungi self-toxicity and reducing host resistance. Our study provides insight into the genomic basis of C. sojina pathogenicity and its infection mechanism, enabling future studies of this disease. Conclusions: Via GWAS, we identified five candidate genes using three different methods, and these candidate genes are speculated to be related to metabolic mechanisms and the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites. Meanwhile, Race15 specific genes may be linked with high virulence. The genes highly prevalent in virulent isolates should also be proposed as candidates, even though they were not found in our SNP analysis. Future work should focus on using a larger sample size to confirm and refine candidate gene identifications and should study the functional roles of these candidates, in order to investigate their potential roles in C. sojina pathogenicity.
Photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) grown under different LED wavelengths
Authors: Gao Song , Liu Xuena , Liu Ying , Cao Bili , Chen Zijing , Xu Kun
Published: February 2020

Background: The optimized illumination of plants using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is beneficial to their photosynthetic performance, and in recent years, LEDs have been widely used in horticultural facilities. However, there are significant differences in the responses of different crops to different wavelengths of light. Thus, the influence of artificial light on photosynthesis requires further investigation to provide theoretical guidelines for the light environments used in industrial crop production. In this study, we tested the effects of different LEDs (white, W; blue, B; green, G; yellow, Y; and red, R) with the same photon flux density (300 μmol/m 2 ·s) on the growth, development, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, leaf structure, and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion ( Allium fistulosum L.) plants.
Results: Plants in the W and B treatments had significantly higher height, leaf area, and fresh weight than those in the other treatments. The photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic rate ( P n ) in the W treatment were significantly higher than those in the monochromatic light treatments, the transpiration rate ( E ) and stomatal conductance ( G s ) were the highest in the B treatment, and the intercellular CO 2 concentration ( C i ) was the highest in the Y treatment. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was the highest in the Y treatment, but the other chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics differed among treatments in the following order: W > B > R > G > Y. This includes the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) under dark adaptation (Fv/Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII under light adaptation (Fv′/Fm′), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and apparent electron transport rate (ETR). Finally, the leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure showed the most complete development in the B treatment.
Conclusions: White and blue light significantly improved the photosynthetic efficiency of Welsh onions, whereas yellow light reduced the photosynthetic efficiency.
Nasogastric tube feeding versus assisted hand feeding in-home healthcare older adults with severe dementia in Taiwan: a prognosis comparison
Authors: Chou Hsiao-Hui , Tsou Meng-Ting , Hwang Lee-Ching
Published: February 2020

Background: All individuals with severe dementia should be offered careful hand feeding. However, under certain circumstances, people with severe dementia have a feeding tube placed. In Taiwan, tube feeding rate in demented older home care residents is increasing；however, the benefits of tube feeding in this population remain unknown. We compared the clinical prognosis and mortality of older patients with severe dementia receiving nasogastric tube feeding (NGF) or assisted hand feeding (AHF).

Methods: Data from the in-home healthcare system between January 1 and December 31, 2017 were analyzed to identify 169 participants over 60 years of age in this retrospective longitudinal study. All subjects with severe dementia and complete functional dependence suffered from difficulty in oral intake and required either AHF or NGF. Data were collected from both groups to analyze pneumonia, hospitalization, and mortality rates.

Results: A total of 169 subjects (56 males and 113 females, aged 85.9 ± 7.5 years) were analyzed. 39 required AHF and 130 NGF. All subjects were bedridden; 129 (76%) showed Barthel index < 10. Pneumonia risk was higher in the NGF group (48%) than in the AHF group (26%, p = 0.015). After adjusting for multiple factors in the regression model, the risk of pneumonia was not significantly higher in the NGF group compared with the AHF group. One-year mortality rates in the AHF and NGF groups were 8% and 15%, respectively, and no significant difference was observed after adjustment with logistic regression (aOR = 2.38; 95% CI, 0.58–9.70). There were no significant differences in hospitalization rate and duration.

Conclusions: For older patients with dementia requiring in-home healthcare, NGF is not associated with a significantly lower risk of pneumonia than AHF. Additionally, neither mortality nor hospitalization rates decreased with NGF. On the contrary, a nonsignificant trend of increased risk of pneumonia was observed in NGF group. Therefore, the benefits of NGF are debatable in older patients with severe dementia requiring in-home healthcare. Continued careful hand feeding could be an alternative to NG feeding in patients with severe dementia. Furthermore, large-scale studies on in-home healthcare would be required to support these results.
Influence of COL9A1 and COL19A1 Polymorphisms on Kaschin-Beck Disease Risk
Authors: He Xue , Zheng Jianwen , Yuan Dongya , Wang Yuhe , He Yongjun , Wang Li , Bai Mei , Jin Tianbo
Published: February 2020

Objective We aimed to determine whether COL9A1 and COL19A1 polymorphisms were associated with Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) risk. Methods Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in COL9A1 and COL19A1 were genotyped in 316 KBD patients and 320 healthy controls using the Agena MassARRAY platform. The association between genetic polymorphisms ( COL9A1 : rs3806093, rs603410 and rs621347; COL19A1 : rs9346371 and rs555313) and KBD risk were assessed using logistic regression model by calculating odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results After adjustment with age and sex, the frequency distributions of genotypes in rs3806093 and rs9346371 were significantly different between cases and controls. COL9A1 rs3806093 significantly increased KBD risk in co-dominant (OR = 14.80, 95%CI = 1.42-154.80, p = 0.024) and recessive (OR = 16.39, 95%CI = 1.60-168.20, p = 0.019) models. Meanwhile, COL9A1 rs555313 was associated with KBD risk in recessive model (OR = 3.80, 95%CI = 1.01-14.27, p = 0.048). In addition, haplotype analysis revealed two blocks (block 1: rs3806093, rs603410 and rs621347; block 2: rs9346371 and rs555313). Conclusion COL9A1 and COL19A1 polymorphisms were associated with KBD risk in the Chinese Han population, suggesting roles of COL9A1 and COL19A1 in the development of KBD.
Adherence to ready-to-use food and acceptability of outpatient nutritional therapy in HIV-infected undernourished Senegalese adolescents: research-based recommendations for routine care.
Authors: Niasse Fatou , Varloteaux Marie , Diop Karim , Ndiaye Sidy Mokhtar , Diouf François Niokhor , Mbodj Pape Birane , Niang Babacar , Diack Aminata , Cames Cecile
Published: February 2020

Background :
Ready-to-use food (RUF) is increasingly used for nutritional therapy in HIV-infected individuals. However, practical guidance advising nutrition care to HIV-infected adolescents is lacking, so that little is known about the acceptability of such therapy in this vulnerable population. This study assesses the overall acceptability and perception of a RUF-based therapy and risk factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake in HIV-infected undernourished adolescents in Senegal.
Methods :
Participants aged 5 to 18 with acute malnutrition were enrolled in 12 HIV clinics in Senegal. Participants were provided with imported RUF, according to WHO prescription weight- and age-bands (2009), until recovery or for a maximum of 9-12 months. Malnutrition and recovery were defined according to WHO growth standards. Adherence was assessed fortnightly by self-reported RUF intake over the period. Sub-optimal RUF intake was defined as when consumption of the RUF provision was < 50%. RUF therapy acceptability and perceptions were assessed using a structured questionnaire at week 2 and focus group discussions (FGDs) at the end of the study. Factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake at week 2 were identified using a logistic regression.
Results :
We enrolled 173 participants, with a median age of 12.5 years (Interquartile range: 9.5 – 14.9), of whom 61% recovered from malnutrition within the study period. Median follow-up duration was 66 days (21 – 224). RUF consumption was stable, varying between 64% and 57% of the RUF provided, throughout the follow-up. At week 2, sub-optimal RUF intake was observed in 31% of participants. Dislike of the taste of RUF (aOR=5.0, 95% CI: 2.0 – 12.3), HIV non-disclosure (5.1, 1.9 – 13.9) and food insecurity (2.8, 1.1 – 7.2) were the major risk factors associated with sub-optimal RUF intake at week 2. The need to hide from others to avoid sharing and undesirable effects were other constraints on RUF feeding.
Conclusions :
This study revealed several factors reducing the acceptability and adherence to RUF therapy based on WHO guidelines in HIV-infected adolescents. Strengthening capacity of HIV clinics, tailoring prescriptions and empowering young patients, are crucial levers for improving the acceptability of RUF-based therapy in routine care.
Implementing primary health care-based measurement, advice and treatment for heavy drinking and comorbid depression at the municipal level in three Latin American countries: final protocol for a quasi-experimental study (SCALA study)
Authors: LLopis Eva Jane , Anderson Peter , Piazza Marina , O'Donnell Amy , Gual Antoni , Schulte Bernd , Gomez Augusto Perez , Vries Hein de , Rey Guillermina Natera , Kokole Dasa , Bustamente Ines , Braddick Fleur , Trujillo Juliana Mejia , Solovei Adriana , Leon Alejandra Perez de , Kaner Eileen , Matrai Silvia , Manthey Jakob , Mercken Liesbeth , Pelayo Hugo Lopez , Rowlands Gill , Schmidt Christiane , Rehm Jurgen
Published: February 2020

Background : While primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking is clinically effective and cost-effective, it remains poorly implemented in routine practice. Systematic reviews and multi-country studies have demonstrated the ability of training and support programmes for healthcare professionals to increase primary health care-based measurement and brief advice activity to reduce heavy drinking. However, gains have been only modest and short term at best. WHO studies have concluded that a more effective uptake could be achieved by embedding primary health care activity within broader municipal-based support.

Methods : A quasi-experimental study will compare primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking in three intervention municipal areas from Colombia, Mexico and Peru with three comparator municipal areas from the same countries. In the implementation municipal areas, primary health care units will receive training embedded within ongoing supportive municipal action over an 18-month implementation test period. In the comparator municipal areas, half the units will receive training, and the other half will continue with practice as usual. The primary outcome is the proportion of the adult population (aged 18+ years) registered with the unit that has their alcohol consumption measured. Return-on-investment analyses and full process evaluation will be undertaken, coupled with an analysis of potential contextual, financial and political-economy influencing factors.

Discussion : This multi-country study will test the extent to which embedding primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking within supportive municipal action leads to improved scale-up of more patients having their alcohol consumption measured, and subsequently receiving appropriate advice and treatment.
Oral cancer screening experiences, practices and beliefs of prosthodontists in Saudi Arabia: A survey study
Authors: Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen , Brozangy Sary , Al-Maweri Sadeq , Aboalrejal Afaf
Published: February 2020

Background: Age is known to be a risk factor for oral cancer; older patients visit prosthodontists very regularly, so the prosthodontists may help in the prevention and early detection of any suspicious mucosal alteration in this high-risk group. The aim of this study was to assess the beliefs, experiences and practices of prosthodontists regarding oral cancer screening. Method: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted on prosthodontists practicing in Saudi Arabia. A 26-item questionnaire was sent to all eligible prosthodontists (n=250). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: The response rate was 57.2% (n=143). The majority of participants (79.70%) reported that they routinely examine all new patients for mucosal pathologies. However, only 58% reported that they examine their patients at recall visits, and only 61.5% stated that they provide tobacco cessation advice. With regard to the respondents experiences with suspicious mucosal lesions, the majority said that they had detected a suspicious lesion (79.9%) and had referred affected patients (83.2 %) during their career. Unfortunately, just 65% of prosthodontists believed that they could detect oral cancer on their own, and only 40% believed that they could influence their patients to quit smoking. A lack of training, confidence, time and financial incentives were reported as barriers to oral cancer screening. Conclusion: Most of the prosthostontists surveyed in this study seem motivated to perform routine oral mucosal screening. However, more efforts are needed to help improve the attidtudes, confidence and skills of prosthodontists when it comes to identifying and referring suspicious oral mucosal lesions.
Coccydynia – the efficacy of available treatment options: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Jensen Mads Moss , Andersen Gustav Østerheden , Milosevic Stefan , Andersen Mikkel Østerheden , Carreon Leah , Simony Ane , Rasmussen Mikkel Mylius
Published: February 2020

Background: Coccydynia is a painful condition which may severely impair quality of life in affected patients. Treatment of coccydynia is a field of interest with limited knowledge. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of current available treatments for coccydynia in adults, by systematically reviewing existing original peer-reviewed publications according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Methods/design: A systematic literature search will be conducted in EMBASE.com, PubMed.com, Scopus and Web of Science bibliographic databases from their inception to January 17th, 2020, alongside a search for published studies and Epubs ahead of print in journals with relevance to spine surgery. Studies eligible for inclusion are original peer-reviewed papers addressing treatment of chronic coccydynia in adults. The articles will be screened by two authors independently, involving a third author in case of disagreement. Quality assessment and data extraction will be conducted using Covidence software. A meta-analysis will be conducted given that data is suitable. Discussion: This systematic review and meta-analysis may contribute to the existing knowledge on the efficacy of treatment options for coccydynia. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO submission-ID: 166379 Keywords: Coccydynia, Pain, Treatment, Efficacy
Climate Change Induced Flood And Landslides And Farmer’s Adapatation Practices In Paddy Production: Evidence Of Rural Hilly Nepal
Authors: Bista Raghu BIr Bir
Published: February 2020

Climate change is a buzzword in the world. Scientist has approved it as global warming with its projection of undesired and unpredicted frequent extreme events and their vulnerabilities not only at present but also at future. There is an assumption of occurrence of adaptive capacity and behavior of farmers in agriculture production activity at some extent to neutralize climate change vulnerabilities of flood and landslides on paddy production. This paper empirically examines the effects of climate change in paddy production and farmer’s adaptive behaviors to neutralize such climatic shocks and events in paddy production by employing CD production function based econometric model. The study employed primary data collected through 642 household surveys. The study finds that climatic shocks and events have huge loss(60%) in paddy production and revenue income in such plot where farmers have not indigenous knowledge and practices. But both small and larger farmers who have adaptive capacity and behavior with their indigenous knowledge have less loss in paddy production and revenue income, although they have heterogeneity in their socio economic characteristics (income, asset holding, literacy, experience, land holding and age). The farmers who have used adaptive behavior have indigenous knowledge and experiences including bamboo wall construction to control flood and landslides and seed change to resist climatic shocks and events. In hilly region, the farmers have not sufficient alternative measures, except both adaptive measures because of their poverty, illiteracy and remote locations. The study finds their higher effective level to minimize vulnerabilities to paddy production and revenue per farm plot, although these adaptive behaviors are cost effective and local entity. Comparatively, bamboo wall construction is more effective measure in the paddy production than others are (seed switch) to minimize the flooding materials from the flood and the landslides. Thus, low cost indigenous adaption behavior of farmers is effective measure to climate change and climate change induced disasters and events vulnerability in paddy production.
Modeling and Control of a Hybrid Wheeled Legged Robot: Disturbance Analysis
Authors: Raza Fahad , Owaki Dai , Hayashibe Mitsuhiro
Published: February 2020

The most common cause of injuries among older adults is falling. Recently, there have been numerous developments in assistive and exoskeleton systems. However, comparatively little work is being done on systems that may help people to keep an upright position and avoid falling over. In this preliminary work, we investigate the feasibility of the wheel-legged robot as a balance-assist system for the people who cannot maintain balance and walk because of an injury, old age, or neurological or physical disorder. We perform motion stability analyses of the wheel-legged robot under different conditions such as system modeling errors, sensor noise, and external disturbances. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control approach is adopted for balancing, steering, and translational position control of the robot. To validate our control framework and visualize results, the robot is modeled and tested in the Gazebo simulator using ROS (Robot Operating System). Subsequently, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the LQR control method under the translational and rotational pushes of the wheel-legged system for human-robot interaction.