bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphatidylcholine from krill increases plasma choline and its metabolites in dogs
Authors: Burri Lena , Heggen Knut , Storsve Andreas Berg
Published: May 2019

Background and Aim: Choline and its metabolites have multiple physiological roles in the body, which are important for muscle function, memory, methylation reactions, and hepatic lipid transport. This study aimed to investigate, if inclusion of phosphatidylcholine (PC) from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) can increase the concentration of choline and its metabolites in plasma of sled dogs in comparison to a control group.

Materials and Methods: Ten adult Alaskan Huskies of both genders were supplemented with PC from 8% dietary krill meal inclusion for 6 weeks, while another ten dogs received no krill meal supplementation. Blood measurements of the two groups were taken at baseline and end of the study and compared for choline and its metabolite concentrations.

Results: The choline concentration of the krill meal-supplemented dogs was significantly higher after 6 weeks of krill meal feeding compared to the control group (mean increase = 4.53 μmol/L in the supplemented versus 1.21 μmol/L in the control group, p=0.014). Furthermore, krill meal-supplemented dogs showed significantly more pronounced increases in betaine (p<0.001), dimethylglycine (p<0.01), trimethylamine-N-oxide (p<0.001), and trimethyllysine (p<0.001) compared to the control group. Significant correlations between changes in choline and changes in its metabolites were observed.

Conclusion: The results showed that krill meal supplementation was associated with significantly higher plasma choline concentrations, which correlated with changed concentrations of choline metabolites.
Tanulói kreativitás fejlesztése digitális történetmesélés segítségével
Authors: Lanszki Anita
Published: May 2019

A digitális történetmesélés olyan komplex tanítási-tanulási stratégia, amely egyesíti a digitális multimédia-használatot a tartalomszervezés narratív formáival. Az elnevezés egy módszertani folyamatmodellt takar, melynek lépései során a tanulók meghatározott tantárgyi tartalmak feldolgozását előzetes ismereteik és tapasztalataik aktivizálásával, forráskutatással és többszörös alkotással végzik el. A tanulóknak lehetőségük nyílik arra, hogy meglévő képek, zenék, szövegek újrastrukturálása és újak alkotása révén létrehozzák saját, csak rájuk jellemző, állóképekből szerkesztett, saját hangjukkal narrált, 2-5 perces videójukat. A folyamatot végigkíséri a facilitátor tanárral és a tanulótársakkal folytatott konstruktív diskurzus, illetve lehetővé válik, hogy a pedagógus változatos tanulásszervezési formákkal, módszerekkel, valamint online és offline tanulási környezetekkel támogassa a tanulók kooperatív alkotását. A tanulmányban a digitális történetmesélés és a kreativitás kapcsolatát vizsgáló szakirodalom bemutatását követően összegezzük egy kvalitatív vizsgálat eredményeit, mely a 2017-ben lebonyolított Digitális történetmesélés a nevelési-oktatási folyamatban elnevezésű kutatás folytatásának első fázisa. A digitális történetmesélést kipróbáló pedagógusok (n=14) kreativitásról alkotott nézeteit az általuk írt esettanulmányok és írásbeli kikérdezésük során nyert válaszaik tartalomelemzése révén tártuk fel. A tanulmány célja annak bemutatása, hogy milyenek az érintett pedagógusok tanulói kreativitásról alkotott általános nézetei, valamint hogy milyen narratívák mentén lehet összefoglalni elképzeléseiket a tanulói kreativitás digitális történetmesélés általi fejlesztéséről. A tanulmány végén megvizsgáljuk, hogyan jelent meg a digitális történetmesélés alkalmazása során a kreativitás mint szempont a tanulói digitális történetek értékelésében.
Apresentação
Authors: Castro Roney Polato de , Souza Marcos Lopes de , Silva Elenita Pinheiro de Queiroz
Published: May 2019

Apresentação do Dossiê Educação em Ciências, relações de gênero e sexualidades: velhos conflitos e novos diálogos
The Phoenician Inscription of Eshmunazar. An Attempt at Vocalization
Authors: Haelewyck Jean-Claude
Published: May 2019

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Expertise paléographique du ms. Syr Bagdad 210 en vue de sa datation. Dadisho Qatraya. Commentaire sur le Paradis des Pères
Authors: Kaplan Ayda
Published: May 2019

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About Georgian Fairytales
Authors: Gogiashvili Elene
Published: May 2019

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Christologie et ecclésiologie dans le Commentaire sur le Cantique des Cantiques d’Épiphane le Scolastique
Authors: Lecat Maïté
Published: May 2019

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Le thème de la révolte de l'objet contre son créateur dans la Bible et ses précurseurs dans les fables de la tablette KBo 32.14 écrite en langue hourrite
Authors: Fournet Arnaud
Published: May 2019

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Scribal Activities in 1 John 2-29a
Authors: Do Toan
Published: May 2019

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Le livre des Actes dans la Bible éthiopienne. A propos d'un livre récent
Authors: Simonet Jean-Louis
Published: May 2019

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Constructing Syriac in Latin-Establishing the Identity of Syriac in the West over a Century an a Half (c. 1550-c. 1700). An account of Grammatical an Extra-Linguistic Determinants
Authors: Wilkinson Robert J.
Published: May 2019

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Wedding songs in the dialect of the Jews of Ḥabbān in eastern Yemen
Authors: Geva-Kleinberger Aharon
Published: May 2019

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Collective Nouns in Journalistic Arabic
Authors: Dror Yehudit
Published: May 2019

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Réflexions sur les décans et le système décanal de l’Égypte ancienne
Authors: Bressollette Louise
Published: May 2019

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La filosofia nacque in Egitto? Le fonti storiche nell’interpreta-zione dell’Afrocentrismo e dei suoi critici
Authors: Bussotti Luca
Published: May 2019

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La mention de la ville de Ura dans les sceaux de Nerikkaili ?
Authors: Van Quickelberghe Étienne
Published: May 2019

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Delayed Splenic Rupture: An Anusual Cause of Acute Surgical Abdomen
Authors: Špaček Vladimír , Jandík Pavel , Šmejkal Karel
Published: May 2019

Authors describe an anusual case of acute abdomen after the traffic injury. They remind correct diagnosis of delayed splenic rupture and compare it with other literature findings.
Kobiety jako uczestniczki sprawowania władzy w Polsce po 1989 r.
Authors: Pająk-Patkowska Beata
Published: May 2019

W oparciu o analizę dostępnych danych statystycznych prześledzone zostanie uczestnictwo kobiet w sprawowaniu władzy na szczeblu centralnym – zarówno ustawodawczej, jak i wykonawczej. Podjęta zostanie również próba wyjaśnienia dysproporcji pomiędzy kobietami i mężczyznami w sprawowaniu władzy i ewentualnych tego konsekwencji. Tak więc główne pytania badawcze zostały sformułowane w następujący sposób: Jaki jest udział kobiet w organach władzy ustawodawczej, czyli w Sejmie oraz w Senacie? Jaki jest udział kobiet w strukturach partii politycznych w Polsce? Ile kobiet pełni funkcje kierownicze w partiach politycznych? Jaki jest udział kobiet w organach władzy wykonawczej w Polsce? Na czele jakich resortów kobiety stają najczęściej? Z czego wynika różnica w poziomie uczestnictwa kobiet w organach władzy ustawodawczej i wykonawczej w Polsce? Jakie mogą być konsekwencje różnego uczestnictwa kobiet i mężczyzn w procesie sprawowania władzy?
Internet w służbie samorządu czy samorządowców? Na podstawie zawartości stron internetowych małych gmin w samorządowej kampanii wyborczej 2014 roku
Authors: Gajowniczek Tomasz
Published: May 2019

Powszechną jest opinia, ze urzędującemu kandydatowi jest łatwiej wygrać wybory. Ma on już jakieś osiągnięcia, elektorat go zna. Ma także aparat urzędniczy i media, których może użyć w kampanii. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy zawartości stron internetowych małych gmin w trakcie kampanii wyborczej 2014 roku. Próbowano odpowiedzieć na pytanie: Czy strony internetowe samorządów promują gminę, czy może są traktowane instrumentalnie przez urzędujących wójtów i służą ich autopromocji?
The microtubule skeleton and the evolution of neuronal complexity in vertebrates
Authors: Trushina Nataliya I. , Mulkidjanian Armen Y. , Brandt Roland
Published: May 2019

The evolution of a highly developed nervous system is mirrored by the ability of individual neurons to develop increased morphological complexity. As microtubules (MTs) are crucially involved in neuronal development, we tested the hypothesis that the evolution of complexity is driven by an increasing capacity of the MT system for regulated molecular interactions as it may be implemented by a higher number of molecular players and a greater ability of the individual molecules to interact. We performed bioinformatics analysis on different classes of components of the vertebrate neuronal MT cytoskeleton. We show that the number of orthologs of tubulin structure proteins, MT-binding proteins and tubulin-sequestering proteins expanded during vertebrate evolution. We observed that protein diversity of MT-binding and tubulin-sequestering proteins increased by alternative splicing. In addition, we found that regions of the MT-binding protein tau and MAP6 displayed a clear increase in disorder extent during evolution. The data provide evidence that vertebrate evolution is paralleled by gene expansions, changes in alternative splicing and evolution of coding sequences of components of the MT system. The results suggest that in particular evolutionary changes in tubulin-structure proteins, MT-binding proteins and tubulin-sequestering proteins were prominent drivers for the development of increased neuronal complexity.
Influence of the simplified stochastic model of TLS measurements on geometry-based deformation analysis
Authors: Zhao Xin , Kermarrec Gaël , Kargoll Boris , Alkhatib Hamza , Neumann Ingo
Published: May 2019

Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) are powerful instruments that can be employed for deformation monitoring due to their high precision and spatial resolution in capturing 3D point clouds. Deformation detections from scatter point clouds can be based on different comparison methods, among which the geometry-based method is one of the most popular. Compared with approximating surfaces with predetermined geometric primitives, such as plane or sphere, the B-splines surface approximation offers a great flexibility and can be used to fit nearly every object scanned with TLS. However, a variance-covariance matrix (VCM) of the observations involved in approximating the scattered points to B-spline surfaces impact the results of a congruency test, which is the uniformly most powerful invariant (UMPI) test for discriminating between the null hypothesis of zero deformation and its alternative hypotheses. Consequently, simplified stochastic models may weaken the UMPI property. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, the impact of the heteroscedasticity and mathematical correlations often neglected in B-splines approximation are investigated. These correlations are specific in approximating TLS measurements when the raw measurements are transformed into Cartesian coordinates. The rates of rejecting the null hypothesis in a congruency test is employed to reflect the impact of unspecified VCMs on the power of the congruency test. The rejection rates are not sensitive to the simplification of the stochastic models, in the larger deformation area with higher point accuracy, while they are obviously influenced in the smaller deformation area with unfavourable geometries, i. e. larger uncertainties. A threshold ratio of estimated differences to the relative standard deviation highlights whereas the results of congruency test are reliable when using simplified VCMs. It is concluded that the simplification of the stochastic model has a significant impact on the power of the congruency test, especially in the smaller deformation area with larger uncertainties.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-1,1′-(oxybis(4,1-phenylene)bis(1H-imidazole)-κ2N,N′)(μ2-1,3-benzenecarboxylato-κ3
O,O′:O′′)zinc(II)] dihydrate, C26H22N4O7Zn
Authors: Xu Bo-Tao , Mao Ze-Jun , He Li-Xiang , Guo Sheng-Cong , Zhang Guo-Dong
Published: May 2019

C26H22N4O7Zn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.1134(4) Å, b = 16.0238(7) Å, c = 17.8763(7) Å, β = 103.376(7)°, V = 2539.7(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0465, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0990, T = 293 K.
Characterization of Global and Local Damages in Composite Images Using Geometrical and Fourier-Hu Moment–Based Shape Descriptors
Authors: Jac Fredo A. R. , Abilash R. S. , Femi R. , Sri Madhava Raja N. , Suresh Kumar C.
Published: May 2019

In this work, damages in composite materials are characterized using geometrical and Fourier-Hu shape descriptors. Digital images are acquired from the front and rear sides of composite materials after 5-, 6-, and 7-mm indentations. An anisotropic diffusion filter is used to remove the noise and to smooth the digital images. The global and local damages in the composite materials are segmented using K-Means (KM) clustering. Geometrical features and Fourier-Hu–based moments are calculated from the extracted regions. The global and local damages due to different indentations are classified using random forest (RF). Results show that the KM is able to segment the global and local damages with cluster centers three and four, respectively. The Fourier-Hu moment suggested that the damage dimension is high in the rear side compared with the front side. The Hu moment performed better compared with using geometrical features to characterize the damages. RF with both geometrical and Fourier-Hu moments performed better than the individual features. The image-based analysis performed in this study concludes effective characterization of damages; this framework can be applied in the nondestructive evaluation of composite materials.
Novel synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline thoria from oxalate precursor via reverse micellar route
Authors: Gupta R. , Gupta S. K. , Aggarwal S. K.
Published: May 2019

Nanoparticles of thorium oxalate were synthesized by the reaction of thorium nitrate and ammonium oxalate by the microemulsion method. The Th02 nanoparticles were obtained by heating thorium oxalate nanoparticles at 500 °C in air. The oxalate and oxide nanoparticles of thorium were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). X-ray diffraction studies showed the mono-phasic nature of the powder thoria. The particle size was obtained from X-ray line broadening (~l0 nm) and transmission electron microscopy (~l0 nm). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to calculate the average grain size of the particles. SAED confirmed the nanocrystalline nature of thoria particles. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was also carried out to understand the morphology of the system. The monodisperse nanoparticles of thoria are promising for future reactor technologies.
KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DAN RANAH TOLERANSINYA
Authors: Faridah Siti
Published: May 2019

Pembentukan hukum tidak lepas dari putusan-putusan hakim (judge made law) yang terkait dengan penegakan hukum, sedangkan penegakan hukum pada hakikatnya adalah merupakan suatu proses untuk mewujudkan tujuan-tujuan hukum ide-ide hukum menjadi kenyataan. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang aspek-aspek hak asasi manusia dalam negara hukum, antara hukum progresif dan hukum positif. Hukum Progresif adalah hukum pro keadilan dan pro rakyat , artinya dalam berhukum para pelaku hukum dituntut mengedepankan kejujuran, empati, kepedulian kepada rakyat dan ketulusan dalam penegakan hukum.
PERLINDUNGAN HAK-HAK TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA (TKI) YANG BEKERJA DI LUAR NEGERI
Authors: Febriyanto Triyan , Rohman Agus Taufiqur
Published: May 2019

Untuk melindungi TKI yang bekerja di luar negeri ( w o r k in overseas ), pemerintah telah menetapkan Undang- Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2004 tentang Penempatan dan Perlindungan TKI di Luar Negeri dan peraturan pelaksa-naannya. Meskipun demikian TKI belum dapat terlindungi secara layak baik pada tahap pra penempatan ( pre - placement ), saat penempatan ( during placement ), dan setelah penempatan ( post - placement ). Berbagai kasus menimpa TKI yang bekerja di luar negeri seakan tidak mengenal kata akhir mulai dari tindakan kekerasan, pelecehan seksual, upah, jam kerja, dan waktu istirahat yang tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian kerja, dan lain-lain yang melanggar harkat dan martabat manusia.
KEBEBASAN BEREKSPRESI DI ERA DEMOKRASI: CATATAN PENEGAKAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Selian Della Luysky , Melina Cairin
Published: May 2019

Sejak digulirkannya reformasi tahun 1998, wacana dan gerakan demokrasi terjadi secara massif dan luas di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian UNESCO menyatakan bahwa mungkin untuk pertama kali dalam sejarah, demokrasi dinyatakan sebagai nama yang paling baik dan wajar untuk semua sistem organisasi politik dan sosial yang diperjuangkan oleh para pendukungnya yang berpengaruh. Tulisan ini mencoba melihat bagaimana pemenuhan dan perlindungan terhadap kebebasan berekspresi di Indonesia dan kaitannya dengan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM).
Early Sex-Chromosome Evolution in the Diploid Dioecious PlantMercurialis annua
Authors: Veltsos Paris , Ridout Kate E , Toups Melissa A , González-Martínez Santiago C , Muyle Aline , Emery Olivier , Rastas Pasi , Hudzieczek Vojtech , Hobza Roman , Vyskot Boris , Marais Gabriel A B , Filatov Dmitry A , Pannell John R
Published: May 2019

Suppressed recombination allows divergence between homologous sex chromosomes and the functionality of their genes. Here, we reveal patterns of the earliest stages of sex-chromosome evolution in the diploid dioecious herb Mercurialis annua on the basis of cytological analysis, de novo genome assembly and annotation, genetic mapping, exome resequencing of natural populations, and transcriptome analysis. The genome assembly contained 34,105 expressed genes, of which 10,076 were assigned to linkage groups. Genetic mapping and exome resequencing of individuals across the species range both identified the largest linkage group, LG1, as the sex chromosome. Although the sex chromosomes of M. annua are karyotypically homomorphic, we estimate that about one-third of the Y chromosome, containing 568 transcripts and spanning 22.3 cM in the corresponding female map, has ceased recombining. Nevertheless, we found limited evidence for Y-chromosome degeneration in terms of gene loss and pseudogenization, and most X- and Y-linked genes appear to have diverged in the period subsequent to speciation between M. annua and its sister species M. huetii, which shares the same sex-determining region. Taken together, our results suggest that the M. annua Y chromosome has at least two evolutionary strata: a small old stratum shared with M. huetii, and a more recent larger stratum that is probably unique to M. annua and that stopped recombining ∼1 MYA. Patterns of gene expression within the nonrecombining region are consistent with the idea that sexually antagonistic selection may have played a role in favoring suppressed recombination.
Zonificación del conﬂicto de uso de la tierra en las áreas de protección de la red de drenajes de la cuenca del río Páez, Cartago, Costa Rica.
Authors: Alfaro-Jiménez Kevin
Published: May 2019

El estudio presenta una zonificación de los conflictos de uso de la tierra en las áreas de protección (AP) de los drenajes de la cuenca del río Páez. Dicha zonificación se delimitó y cuantificó mediante procesos de análisis espacial, con base en las curvas de nivel (1:10.000) y la digitalización de ortofotos. Resultando un 59 % del área total de las AP (7,397 km2) bajo algún conflicto de uso. La zonificación del área con conflictos de uso (4,374 km2) se distribuyó: un 4 % en la categoría I (cultivo permanente), un 81 % en la categoría II (agropecuario y cultivos) y por último la categoría III un 16 % (viviendas, infraestructuras, otros). El conflicto generado por los cultivos y en menor grado por el uso agropecuario predomina en la degradación de las funciones de las AP de la cuenca. Apoyando lo anterior, el índice de conflictividad de uso de la tierra (GC) propuesto por Danza y Sanabria (2008) resultó en -0.13, evidenciando una alta afectación en las AP por uso inadecuado de la tierra. Las subcuencas 3, 4, 5, 6, 14 y 20 indican una mayor conflictividad, por lo tanto, las medidas de mitigación deben ser prioritarias en estas áreas espaciales.
Transformaciones geomorfológicas radicales del cráter del Volcán Poás: erupciones de abril 2017
Authors: Duarte-González Eliécer
Published: May 2019

En abril 2017, el volcán Poás produjo al menos 4 erupciones principales que transformaron completamente el cráter activo y sus alrededores. La erupción del miércoles santo afecto al sector oeste y sus respectivos flancos, la del jueves santo produjo más efectos hacia el sureste y sur involucrando al mirador y alrededores mientras que la erupción del viernes santo se dirigió hacia el sureste y este afectando parcialmente el bosque. Finalmente, el 22 de abril se produce la última de las erupciones principales la cual termina de desaparecer el resto del domo y afecta de nuevo el mirador y alrededores; incluyendo equipos de monitoreo volcánico. Los cambios se producen, de modo directo, en el fondo del cráter y en el domo mientras que los sectores aledaños a esa cavidad se ven transformados, principalmente por relleno con los materiales eyectados de los dos sectores antes citados. Aquí se ofrece una descripción de los materiales principales, emplazados en cada uno de los sectores; sus características físicas y alcance. Este trabajo reunirá una visión comparativa de las condiciones geomorfológicas antes de este periodo eruptivo con las actuales. Distintas secuencias de fotografías, de distintos ángulos y con referencias de posición, dimensión y orientación servirán para interpretar la magnitud de los cambios generados por la actividad reciente y sus implicaciones para el futuro eruptivo de este volcán. El marco espacial de la afectación descrita no alcanza más allá de 2kms a partir del punto de emisión, aunque se hará referencia a los efectos en un eje mayor. Cronológicamente, la comparación se hará a partir de las condiciones que se tenían después de las erupciones freáticas de 2006.
In situ reconstruction of an MRSA-infected paravisceral aortic pseudoaneurysm with cryopreserved aortic allograft
Authors: Banga Peter , Legeza Peter , Szeberin Zoltán
Published: May 2019

Objectives

Treatment of paravisceral aortic infections poses several challenges because standard therapy with excision of all infected tissues and extraanatomic reconstruction is frequently not possible without jeopardizing visceral perfusion. In situ reconstruction with rifampin-soaked prosthetic graft or endovascular repair with stent grafts runs the risk of reinfection. We present a case of a paravisceral aortic infection, where cryopreserved allograft was used for the reconstruction of the aorta.

Methods

Medical documentation and CT angiography studies were retrospectively reviewed for a patient in a tertiary care center.

Results

A 62-year-old male patient presented with an infected pseudoaneurysm of the paravisceral aorta at the level of the celiac artery. He had previously undergone multiple orthopedic surgical interventions and developed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. We successfully repaired the paravisceral pseudoaneurysm with excision of all infected tissues and in situ aortic replacement with a cryopreserved allograft.

Conclusion

In case of infected aortic pseudoaneurysm, the use of cryopreserved aortic allograft is a reliable choice for reconstruction of the aorta.
A Busca pela Residência Médica em Acupuntura na EPM-Unifesp
Authors: Bissoto João Roberto , Gallian Dante Marcello Claramonte
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Este estudo nasceu da observação do considerável aumento das práticas integrativas em saúde e sua inserção no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil por meio da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PNPIC) de 2006. Surge, então, o questionamento dos motivos que levaram a esse aumento. O presente estudo analisou os porquês da busca de médicos recém-formados pela especialização em acupuntura na Universidade Federal de São Paulo, programa de residência médica recente na profissão. Os autores optaram pela metodologia da História Oral de Vida, tendo em vista seu potencial humanizador ao lidar com relatos de colegas e ainda pela rememoração do que foi vivido pelo entrevistado. A análise dos dados foi feita segundo o método de imersão e cristalização, baseado na fenomenologia hermenêutica, por meio do qual surgiram temáticas comuns nas narrativas dos entrevistados, as quais puderam ser analisadas com apoio na literatura vigente. Com base nas narrativas colhidas e analisadas, observou-se que um grande influenciador dos médicos na escolha da acupuntura é o descontentamento com a prática do modelo biomédico, que separa o paciente de sua totalidade, compartimentando o ser em múltiplas especialidades, o que transforma o paciente em pedaços sem avaliar sua existência como pessoa e sua saúde como um todo. Todos os narradores afirmaram considerar a acupuntura uma prática mais humana de fazer saúde, o que satisfaz o anseio de tratar o paciente, não apenas suas partes ou seus sintomas isolados, sendo esse fator fundamental para compreendermos o crescimento dessas práticas. Uma análise mais profunda das narrativas permitiu observar que na história de vida desses jovens médicos existem vivências que possibilitaram que eles estivessem dispostos a desenvolver sua humanidade de forma mais intensa. Outra característica notória que surgiu nas narrativas foi o fato de nenhum dos entrevistados ter tido contato com a acupuntura durante a graduação em Medicina, o que demonstra a incipiente inserção dessa prática no meio acadêmico, mesmo em se tratando de uma especialidade médica reconhecida pelo Conselho Federal de Medicina desde a década de 1990.
Peer Instruction-Based Feedback Sessions Improve the Retention of Knowledge in Medical Students
Authors: Passeri Silvia Maria Riceto Ronchim , Mazur Eric
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Peer Instruction (PI) is an interactive teaching-learning process between colleagues and has been applied in various universities throughout the world. This active teaching methodology improves students’ performance and their capacity to resolve problems when they perform activities with their study colleagues. There are no systematic studies about the use of PI in assessment feedback. The aim of our study is to identify whether the use of PI on assessment feedback improves the retention of basic concepts in medical programs. For this study 226 undergraduate students (Y2 = 115, Y3 = 111) enrolled in a Brazilian medical school were invited to participate. After taking the regular exam (RE), the students of the control group (125) could individually receive feedback (review of the exam) from the professor according to the course routine, and the students in the study group (101) were invited to participate in an immediate intervention after the RE with a feedback developed session using the peer instruction teaching method. At the conclusion of the feedback session, the students again answered the post-feedback exam (PFE) so that we could identify any changes in the answers compared with the regular exam taken before feedback and 6 months later, we applied a diagnostic exam (DE) of identify whether the students retained the concepts covered in the previous exams. The control and study groups are statistically significantly different in the RE (p = 0.0014) and DE (p < 0.000). The study group demonstrated better performance in both exams than the control group. When we gave feedback, using PI immediately after the exam, retention of basic science knowledge jumped to 39%, increasing by 15%. The students that had assessment feedback had the opportunity to discuss their misconceptions. These students had the highest number of correct answers with assimilate knowledge and fewer assimilation of wrong answers, therefore, students who received immediate feedback had less tendency to make the same conceptual errors. PI in the feedback was effective in improving retention of basic science knowledge.
Respostas Emocionais de Médicos aos Estímulos Afetivos do International Affective Picture System (IAPS)
Authors: Castelhano Laura Marques , Wahba Liliana
Published: May 2019

RESUMO As emoções dos médicos têm um papel importante na relação com o paciente, pois podem interferir em suas atitudes, percepções e nos processos de julgamento e decisão. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a resposta emocional dos médicos aos estímulos do International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Este estudo utilizou o método quantitativo e avaliou 30 médicos, homens e mulheres de diversas especialidades, que dedicassem parte (ou a totalidade) de seu tempo ao atendimento clínico no consultório, que tivessem no mínimo dois anos de experiência após a conclusão da residência médica e que atuassem em medicina convencional (clínica médica). Os instrumentos utilizados na análise foram: o questionário sociodemográfico, para análise das variáveis; o IAPS, composto por imagens afetivas capazes de induzir estados emocionais; e o Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), para classificação das respostas emocionais por meio de duas escalas: prazer e alerta. Os resultados mostraram que, quanto à percepção emocional, não houve diferença entre os resultados da amostra e da população geral, mas houve diferença na relação com as variáveis sociodemográficas – idade, tempo de formado, tempo médio de atendimento (consulta) e horas semanais dedicadas ao trabalho no consultório –, concluindo-se que médicos mais velhos, com mais tempo de formados e que ficam mais tempo em consulta com o paciente se sentiram mais impactados diante dos estímulos emocionais do que os médicos mais jovens, com menos tempo de formados e que ficam menos com o paciente em consulta. Os resultados também mostraram que os médicos que dedicam mais horas semanais ao trabalho no consultório perceberam os estímulos de forma menos prazerosa que os médicos que trabalham menos tempo no consultório e que dividem seu tempo com outras atividades. São necessárias novas pesquisas e estudos para o aprofundamento do tema das emoções e de sua influência na prática médica, considerando amostras maiores, em contextos distintos e novas variáveis.
Tradução e Adaptação Transcultural do Instrumento de Avaliação do Ensino Médico nas Desordens Musculoesqueléticas
Authors: Raso Lucas Augusto Carvalho e , Castro Ubiratan Brum de
Published: May 2019

RESUMO As desordens do sistema musculoesquelético representam entre 10-25% do motivo das consultas na atenção primária, mas apenas um pequeno percentual do currículo da graduação é dedicado ao estudo desse assunto. Assim, é necessário desenvolver instrumentos objetivos para avaliar essa deficiência na escola médica. O questionário de Freedman e Bernstein é uma ferramenta validada internacionalmente para avaliação dos conhecimentos médicos básicos sobre as desordens musculoesqueléticas e, consequentemente, do ensino durante a formação médica. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma versão da escala em língua portuguesa, validada e adaptada transculturalmente para a população brasileira. A tradução e adaptação transcultural do questionário foram conduzidas seguindo as etapas de tradução inicial, retrotradução, composição de uma versão pré-final e seu teste, sendo realizadas as alterações necessárias após essa última fase e a elaboração do modelo final do instrumento. A etapa de teste da versão pré-final consistiu na sua aplicação ao público-alvo da pesquisa – 15 estudantes do último semestre de Medicina. Cada indivíduo respondeu às perguntas do inquérito e, em seguida, foi entrevistado para se analisar o que ele entendeu que era esperado em cada item do questionário. Tanto a interpretação da questão quanto a resposta foram exploradas. Houve dificuldade de compreensão em duas questões, tendo sido preciso substituir alguns termos para facilitar a assimilação. Após as alterações, não houve impedimentos ao entendimento do instrumento final pelos participantes. A validação de conteúdo foi avaliada por um painel de especialistas, que considerou apropriados os termos e a abrangência do questionário traduzido. Essa apreciação foi realizada após o teste final e nenhuma alteração foi recomendada. O questionário encontra-se traduzido para a língua portuguesa, apresentando equivalência semântica, idiomática, conceitual e cultural com o original. Recomenda-se seu uso para a avaliação do ensino das desordens musculoesqueléticas nas escolas de Medicina do País, possibilitando uma comparação do currículo ortopédico brasileiro com os padrões internacionais.
Perceptions, Attitudes, and Teaching about Death and Dying in the Medical School of the Federal University of Acre, Brazil
Authors: Marques Daniel Teixeira , Oliveira Marcelo Xavier de , Santos Maria Liliane Gomes dos , Silveira Rodrigo Pinheiro , Silva Romeu Paulo Martins
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Death is one of the major taboos of contemporary Western society and is a forbidden and avoided subject. If in the past it was a public and domestic event, nowadays it is hidden in hospitals crowded with professionals who are unprepared to deal with issues related to the end of life. This unpreparedness is a reflex of excessively technical and non-humanistic training which favors healing over caring. Therefore, it seems medical students are taught to work against death and not with it. In this context, we sought to trace the profile of attitudes towards death of the students graduating from the Medicine course of a public university in Brazil and evaluate how this course has prepared them to deal with issues of death and dying in their perception. We employed quantitative and qualitative methodologies by applying two data collection instruments: a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and academic data as well as data on the teaching about death, and another to define the profile of attitudes towards death (DAP-R). We analyzed the studied variables descriptively using frequencies and means, and intercorrelated them to infer the hypotheses. We also considered student statements for analysis and discussion of results based on comments on the responses to one of the questionnaires. As results, we observed that the students’ attitude towards death was characterized by a view of death as a natural event of life (neutral acceptance), while their imagination about death was permeated with conflicting feelings; that most students had experienced the death of a patient during the course (75.8%) although most of those received no guidance in these situations (80%); that the humanistic courses concentrated the approaches on death; and that such approaches somewhat contributed to create reflection and develop abilities for managing death. We concluded that teaching about death and dying is still concentrated in few courses of the medical curriculum, mainly in the humanistic ones, and is excessively theoretical, whereas the real experiences with death during the Medicine course are treated with detachment and silence when they could be better utilized for teaching and learning about the end of life.
Espiritualidade e Formação nos Programas de Residência em Saúde de uma Cidade no Nordeste Brasileiro
Authors: Jordán Arturo de Pádua Walfrido , Barbosa Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Introdução Evidências da literatura mostram a influência da espiritualidade na saúde dos indivíduos. No entanto, poucas instituições de ensino em saúde no Brasil incluem a temática em seus conteúdos programáticos. Essa realidade é ainda mais evidente ao tratarmos de programas de especialização ou residência na área da saúde. Objetivo Analisar a abordagem de conteúdo relacionado à espiritualidade nos programas de residência da Secretaria de Saúde da cidade do Recife (Sesau-Recife). Método O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em pesquisas sob o Parecer no 2.136.503. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem combinada, que envolveu a análise dos Projetos Político-Pedagógicos por meio de roteiro de análise documental e entrevistas com residentes e preceptores de oito programas de residência da Sesau-Recife, utilizando um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. As informações coletadas foram analisadas segundo a proposta de Minayo. Resultados e discussão Na análise documental não foi encontrado conteúdo sobre espiritualidade. Nas entrevistas, o conteúdo coletado foi categorizado em: conceitos; espiritualidade baseada em evidências; espiritualidade e cuidado; espiritualidade e finitude; espiritualidade e formação. Na análise foi observado que os preceptores e residentes, em sua maioria, não conhecem os conceitos, as evidências e a aplicabilidade da espiritualidade na prática clínica e na formação em saúde. Os entrevistados demonstraram interesse em capacitação na temática e consideraram relevante a inclusão da espiritualidade no conteúdo dos programas. Conclusão A abordagem da espiritualidade em cursos de saúde vem crescendo rapidamente no cenário internacional e de forma mais lenta, porém presente, no cenário nacional. Essa realidade inclui de forma mais contundente os cursos de graduação. Ao se tratar de pós-graduação, no entanto, pouco se avançou. Os programas de residência da Sesau-Recife são um exemplo desta assertiva, visto que não contemplam, ao menos de forma oficial, conteúdos de espiritualidade em seus programas. Neste sentido, visto o benefício que traz para os indivíduos, recomenda-se a inclusão da espiritualidade nos conteúdos oficiais desses programas.
First-year students’ perceptions of team-based learning in a new medical genetics course
Authors: Santana Vinicius Canato , Oliveira Carlos Rocha , Ramos Ramon Bossardi
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Background Medical education has evolved considerably over the last few years, especially through adoption of new technologies and active methodologies. These methodologies aim to improve learning and engage students deeply in the process. TBL is a methodology widely used in health schools, including Medical Schools. We can use it to work with large groups, divided into small teams. The students first work individually, then within teams, and finally the groups cooperate to solve applied problems. Objectives To describe students’ perceptions and satisfaction about a Medical Genetics course organized into blocks of subject in which we used TBL sessions with first-year medical students. Methods A Medical Genetics course were organized into subject blocks in which a TBL session was conducted in each of these blocks to improve the learning process. At the end of the course, the students answered a questionnaire on satisfaction and perceptions. Results By the first time we described a Medical Genetics course organized into 5 blocks of subject matter on a total of 25 genetic diseases in which a TBL session was conducted in each of these blocks. We enrolled a total of 290 participants and 96% of the students were satisfied with TBL. Furthermore, 97% of students believe that TBL helped them to learn, and 87% approved of use of TBL in the future at other stages of their medical course. Conclusion Application of the TBL method during a medical genetics course was well-received by students and proved an important tool in the structures of curricula for medical education at this university.
Revisitando a noção de gênero musical em tempos de cultura musical digital
Authors: Janotti Jr. Jeder , Sá Simone Pereira de
Published: May 2019

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo revisitar a noção de gênero musical, buscando mapear seu percurso nos estudos de comunicação no Brasil nas duas últimas décadas, identificando alguns dos principais debates em torno da questão e apontando as reconfigurações que garantiram sua produtividade em tempos de cultura digital.
Um guia para a análise crítica multimodal
Authors: Fernandes Kamila Bossato
Published: May 2019

Resumo Nesta resenha, apresentamos o livro de Per Ledin e David Machin (2018) que expõe um modelo de análise visual abrangendo diferentes tipos de material semiótico, desde fotografias, documentos e vídeos até embalagens, design de espaços e apresentações de dados. Com base em conceitos da semiótica social e da análise crítica do discurso, os autores propõem um modelo de análise de viés crítico, para compreender não só como os sentidos são construídos a partir de cada um desses materiais, mas também que sentidos são produzidos, tendo em vista os contextos sociais e as disputas de poder que condicionam as visões de mundo. A obra constitui um bom guia introdutório para pesquisadores que se interessam pela análise semiótica, por demonstrar, com exemplos práticos, a aplicabilidade do modelo teórico-metodológico e sua relação com questões de investigação.
Alteração auditiva em osteogênese imperfeita: revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Otavio Andressa Colares da Costa , Teixeira Adriane Ribeiro , Machado Márcia Salgado , Costa Sady Selaimen da
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Objetivos Analisar as publicações científicas sobre audição em indivíduos com osteogênese imperfeita. Estratégias de pesquisa Trata-se de revisão sistemática de literatura. Foram selecionados os descritores Hearing OR Hearing Loss AND Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Duas revisoras consultaram as bases de dados Cochrane Library, PubMed, LILACS, Scopus e Embase. Critérios de seleção utilizaram-se os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde, não sendo delimitado período de publicação dos estudos. Foram critérios de inclusão estudos de coorte, seguimento, transversais, casos controle e em idioma inglês. Foram critérios de exclusão artigos editoriais, relatos/séries de casos, resumos de eventos e estudos conduzidos em animais. Os estudos selecionados foram analisados pela Iniciativa STROBE e pelo Sistema GRADE. Resultados Dos 652 estudos obtidos, foram selecionados 16. A perda auditiva do tipo condutiva foi o tipo mais comum na população com osteogênese imperfeita (OI) e seu início ocorre por volta da segunda década de vida. A definição e a classificação para aferição de perda auditiva, nas publicações com a população com osteogênese imperfeita, apresentaram discordância entre os estudos. Conclusão Esta revisão respondeu às perguntas a que se propôs, constatando que as alterações audiológicas encontradas em pacientes com OI são do tipo condutivo, neurossensorial e misto. Alterações condutivas são mais comuns em pacientes mais jovens e alterações neurossensoriais, em pacientes mais velhos. A Iniciativa STROBE apontou itens descritos de forma parcial e o Sistema GRADE concluiu que os estudos apresentaram alguma falha metodológica.
Soil non-homogeneity and soil-structure interaction effects on beam vibrations
Authors: Widad Bourouaiah , Salah Khalfallah , Souad Boudaa
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the effects of soil non-homogeneity, the soil–structure interaction and the two-parameter elastic foundation model on the free vibration of Euler–Bernoulli beams. Non-homogeneity of the soil foundation is described by parabolic variations of the two-parameter elastic soil foundation while Poisson's ratio is assumed to remain constant. Hence, the soil–structure interaction is quantified using a relative ratio of beam and soil foundation properties. The equation of motion including the previous effects is derived and the fundamental frequency parameters are computed. The influence of the above parameters on the free-vibration characteristics of the beam is investigated. The results obtained from this analytical method for a simply supported beam were found to be in very good agreement with data from the literature.
The Factors that may Affect Coronary Balloon Inflation Pressure during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Levent , SÖKMEN Erdoğan
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground: Disappearing
of indentation on coronary balloon is desired in percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI). We may need high inflation pressure to disappear
indentation of coronary balloon for some patients. High inflation pressures are
a risk factor for acute complications such as coronary dissection and rupture.
We hypothesized, whether there are any relation between coronary balloon
inflation pressure that necessitates disappearing of indentation with patient’s
characteristics, biochemical markers and lesion localization.Material and Methods:
97 patients with stable angina were enrolled prospectively for this study. We
noted clinical characteristics of patients such as hypertension, diabetes, age
and smoking, and then measured biochemical markers as lipid profile, calcium,
creatinine, hematocrits etc.  As well as
lesion localization and calcification degrees on culprit vessel evaluated
through Coronary Angiography. The patients were divided into two groups
according to their inflation pressure that necessitates disappearing of
indentation on balloon through PCI. We defined inflation pressure up to 8 mmHg
for group 1, whereas over 8 mmHg for group 2. Results: Smoking,
proximal lesion localization of the vessel, calcification on the culprit vessel
were more frequent in group 2 (p<0.05), though, older age and Hypertension
were frequent in group 2 without statistically importance (P>0.05).
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome, patient’s medications and level of triglyceride,
LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid also hemoglobin didn’t
have any effect on inflation pressures during PCI (p>0.05). Conclusion: Smoking,
proximal lesion localization of the vessel, calcification degrees on the
culprit vessel are risk factors for
high inflation pressures through PCI.
Yozgat İlinde Bir Yıl İçerisinde Üniversite Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastaların Klinik Tanıları ve Sosyodemografik Verilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: HACIMUSALAR Yunus , GÜÇLÜ Alperen , KARAASLAN Özgül
Published: May 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Polikliniği’ne 2018 yılı içerisinde başvuran hastaların tanılara göre oranları, hastaların yaş ortalamaları, cinsiyete göre dağılımı, uygulanan psikometrik test sayılarının geriye yönelik değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca hastanenin yıl içerisinde yeni bir binaya taşınmasının başvuru sayıları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Polikliniği’ne 2018 yılında başvuruda bulunan hastaların tanı, yaş, cinsiyet ve uygulanan psikometrik test bilgileri bilgisayar kayıtlarından taranmış ve yaş ortalamaları hesaplanmıştır.Bulgular: Psikiyatri Polikliniğine 2018 yılı içerisinde 3331 başvuru yapılmıştır. Tanılara göre değerlendirildiğine en sık depresyon hastaları (%53,3) başvuruda bulunmuştur. Yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu (%12,9), alt tanı belirtilmemiş anksiyete bozuklukları (%7,2), obsesif kompulsif bozukluk (%4,8), iki uçlu bozukluk (%4,5) ve panik bozukluk (%4,4) diğer başvuruları oluşturmaktaydı. Cinsiyete göre dağılımlara bakıldığında neredeyse şizofreni dışındaki bütün tanılarda kadınların başvuru oranı erkeklere göre daha yüksekti. Başvuru sıklığı yıl içerisinde hasta başına 2,04 başvuru ile en fazla iki uçlu bozukluk hastalarındaydı. Başvuruda bulunan 430 kişiye (%12,9) psikolojik test uygulanmıştır.Tartışma: Çalışmamızda psikiyatri polikliniğine kadınlar,  depresif bozukluklar ve anksiyete bozuklukları en sık başvuru yapan grubu oluşturmaktadır. Kronik özellik gösterenhastaların (iki uçlu bozukluk, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk ve şizofreni) başvuru sıklığı diğer hastalıklara göre daha fazladır. Hastanelerin konumları ve ulaşım imkanları sağlık kurumuna başvuru sıklığını etkilemektedir.Bir bölgede sağlık hizmetleri planlanırken bölgenin sosyodemografik özellikleri yanında, hastanelerin konumu, ulaşım olanakları ve alt yapı imkanlarının geliştirilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.