bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polarimetry feature parameter deriving from Mueller matrix imaging and auto-diagnostic significance to distinguish HSIL and CSCC
Authors: Hou Anli , Wang Xingjian , Fan Yujuan , Miao Wenbin , Dong Yang , Tian Xuewu , Zou Jibin , Ma Hui
Published: October 2021

High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is regarded as a serious precancerous state of cervix, and it is easy to progress into cervical invasive carcinoma which highlights the importance of earlier diagnosis and treatment of cervical lesions. Pathologists examine the biopsied cervical epithelial tissue through a microscope. The pathological examination will take a long time and sometimes results in high inter- and intra-observer variability in outcomes. Polarization imaging techniques have broad application prospects for biomedical diagnosis such as breast, liver, colon, thyroid and so on. In our team, we have derived polarimetry feature parameters (PFPs) to characterize microstructural features in histological sections of breast tissues, and the accuracy for PFPs ranges from 0.82 to 0.91. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to distinguish automatically microstructural features between HSIL and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) by means of polarization imaging techniques, and try to provide quantitative reference index for pathological diagnosis which can alleviate the workload of pathologists. Polarization images of the H&E stained histological slices were obtained by Mueller matrix microscope. The typical pathological structure area was labeled by two experienced pathologists. Calculate the polarimetry basis parameter (PBP) statistics for this region. The PBP statistics (stat_PBPs) are screened by mutual information (MI) method. The training method is based on a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier which finds the most simplified linear combination from these stat_PBPs and the accuracy remains constant to characterize the specific microstructural feature quantitatively in cervical squamous epithelium. We present results from 37 clinical patients with analysis regions of cervical squamous epithelium. The accuracy of PFP for recognizing HSIL and CSCC was 83.8% and 87.5%, respectively. This work demonstrates the ability of PFP to quantitatively characterize the cervical squamous epithelial lesions in the H&E pathological sections. Significance: Polarization detection technology provides an efficient method for digital pathological diagnosis and points out a new way for automatic screening of pathological sections.
Optimizing VO2 film properties for use in SAW devices
Authors: Kutepov M. E. , Karapetyan G. Ya. , Lisnevskaya I. V. , Abdulvakhidov K. G. , Kozmin A. A. , Kaidashev E. M.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to optimize the conditions for producing thin VO2 films for their use in SAW devices. We used the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method to produce VO2 films. We used a metallic vanadium target. The dependence of the oxygen pressure during PLD on the resistive metal–insulator transition (MIT) on substrates of [Formula: see text]-sapphire and LiNbO3 YX/128[Formula: see text] was studied. The resulting films had sharp metal–insulator temperature transitions on [Formula: see text]-Al2O3. The most high-quality films showed resistance change by four orders of magnitude. At the lower point of the hysteresis, the resistance of these samples was in the range of 50–100 [Formula: see text]. The synthesized VO2 films had a sharp temperature transition and a relatively small width of thermal hysteresis. The SAW damping during its passage through a VO2/ZnO/LiNbO3 YX/128[Formula: see text] film at the metal–insulator phase transition temperature was studied. Attenuation SAW decreases with increasing temperature from 52 dB/cm to 0 dB/cm.
Limit analysis solutions for stability factor of unsupported conical slopes in clays with heterogeneity and anisotropy
Authors: Lai Van Qui , Nguyen Dang Khoa , Banyong Rungkhun , Keawsawasvong Suraparb
Published: October 2021

The novel stability solutions of unsupported conical slope in anisotropic and inhomogeneous clays utilizing the lower-bound (LB) and upper-bound (UB) finite-element limit analyses (FELA) are proposed in this paper. The anisotropic undrained shear (AUS) model and linear increasing undrained shear strength are employed to determine the anisotropic and inhomogeneous soil behavior, respectively. The stability factor [Formula: see text] is obtained with the variations of dimensionless parameters including the ratio of anisotropic ([Formula: see text], the rate of increasing undrained shear strength ([Formula: see text], the ratio between the height and the radius at the bottom slope ([Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], and the inclination angle of slope ([Formula: see text] provided in sample charts. The failure patterns of conical slope considering the affected parameters are also obtained and described.
India’s Grand Strategy in East Asia in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: HALL IAN
Published: October 2021

Since the election of Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led government in May 2014, India’s approach to East Asia has changed, principally in response to pressures exerted by China. The Modi government inherited an East Asia strategy that combined a push for greater diplomatic and economic linkages with the region, an effort to improve Sino-Indian relations through a mix of engagement and deterrence, and a strengthening of security ties with the United States (US) and its allies. During its first three years in office, this paper argues that the Modi government stuck with this approach but attempted to pursue it more energetically as well as to assert India’s interests more clearly and forcefully in interactions with Beijing. After the Doklam standoff in 2017, however, India was pushed to assume a more clearly competitive stance, despite concerns about the reliability of Donald J. Trump’s new administration in Washington, China’s growing belligerence towards India and the rest of the region, and the impact of COVID-19. This stance entails both internal and external balancing, and a push for greater economic self-reliance that implies some decoupling from China, but which also has implications for India’s relations with other countries in East Asia.
Unconformity development in retroarc foreland basins: implications for the geodynamics of Andean-type margins
Authors: Horton Brian K.
Published: October 2021

Unconformities in foreland basins may be generated by tectonic processes that operate in the basin, the adjacent fold–thrust belt or the broader convergent margin. Foreland basin unconformities represent shifts from high accommodation to non-depositional or erosional conditions in which the interruption of subsidence precludes the net accumulation of sediment. This study explores the genesis of long-duration unconformities (>1–20 myr) and condensed stratigraphic sections by considering modern and ancient examples from the Andes of western South America. These case studies highlight the potential geodynamic mechanisms of accommodation reduction and hiatus development in Andean-type retroarc foreland settings, including: (1) shortening-induced uplift in the frontal thrust belt and proximal foreland; (2) the growth and advance of a broad, low-relief flexural forebulge; (3) the uplift of intraforeland basement blocks; (4) tectonic quiescence with regional isostatic rebound; (5) the end of thrust loading and flexural subsidence during oblique convergence; (6) diminished accommodation or sediment supply due to changes in sea-level, climate, erosion or transport; (7) basinwide uplift during flat-slab subduction; and (8) dynamic uplift associated with slab window formation, slab break-off, elevated intraplate (in-plane) stress, or related mantle process. These contrasting mechanisms can be distinguished on the basis of the spatial distribution, structural context, stratigraphic position, palaeoenvironmental conditions, and duration of unconformities and condensed sections.

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the Fold-and-thrust belts collection available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/fold-and-thrust-belts
Transit boosting of trans-Channel katabatic winds by depressions associated with the west European storms tracks: impact on Pleistocene loess deposits
Authors: Lefort Jean-Pierre , Renouf John , Danukalova Guzel
Published: October 2021

Onshore and offshore sedimentological, geochemical, geomorphological, palaeontological and geochronological studies of loess deposits located under and around the English Channel revealed that they were transported by katabatic winds generated by the British–Irish Ice Sheet. Katabatic winds, which are low-altitude wind flows, were able to jump over the low southern British hills but were stopped by the higher Brittany and Normandy hills. This regional topography is interrupted by a north–south corridor linking the northern and southern shores of Brittany where loess propagated down to the mouth of the Loire River. This long transit shows that the total distance travelled by the katabatic wind was around 750 km, which represents an unusual distance for the propagation of this wind under continental conditions. Strong similarities with Antarctica and Greenland, where well documented cases of katabatic winds are known, show that the transit of the trans-Channel katabatic winds were strongly enhanced by the seasonal drift of storms propagating in an eastward direction along the axis of the English Channel. This increasing strength of the north–south katabatic flux was probably at the origin of the transport of loess particles down to the mouth of the Loire River.
Land Use and Ecological Change: A 12,000-Year History
Authors: Ellis Erle C.
Published: October 2021

Human use of land has been transforming Earth's ecology for millennia. From hunting and foraging to burning the land to farming to industrial agriculture, increasingly intensive human use of land has reshaped global patterns of biodiversity, ecosystems, landscapes, and climate. This review examines recent evidence from archaeology, paleoecology, environmental history, and model-based reconstructions that reveal a planet largely transformed by land use over more than 10,000 years. Although land use has always sustained human societies, its ecological consequences are diverse and sometimes opposing, both degrading and enriching soils, shrinking wild habitats and shaping novel ones, causing extinctions of some species while propagating and domesticating others, and both emitting and absorbing the greenhouse gases that cause global climate change. By transforming Earth's ecology, land use has literally paved the way for the Anthropocene. Now, a better future depends on land use strategies that can effectively sustain people together with the rest of terrestrial nature on Earth's limited land.
Insights from Time Series of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Related Tracers
Authors: Keeling Ralph F. , Graven Heather D.
Published: October 2021

The past century has been a time of unparalleled changes in global climate and global biogeochemistry. At the forefront of the study of these changes are regular time-series observations at remote stations of atmospheric CO2, isotopes of CO2, and related species, such as O2 and carbonyl sulfide (COS). These records now span many decades and contain a wide spectrum of signals, from seasonal cycles to long-term trends. These signals are variously related to carbon sources and sinks, rates of photosynthesis and respiration of both land and oceanic ecosystems, and rates of air-sea exchange, providing unique insights into natural biogeochemical cycles and their ongoing changes. This review provides a broad overview of these records, focusing on what they have taught us about large-scale global biogeochemical change.
miR-18a-5p Facilitates Malignant Progression of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells via Modulating SORBS2
Authors: Chen Qian , Xu Jing , Zhu Mingzhen
Published: October 2021

This study attempted to investigate possible molecular mechanism and role of miR-18a-5p in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Differential miRNAs and their possible targets were analyzed through TCGA database. By conducting qRT-PCR, miR-18a-5p was tested to be increased and SORBS2 was assessed to be downregulated in HNSCC cells. CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays disclosed that miR-18a-5p facilitated HNSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and repressed cell apoptosis. By dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, it was verified that miR-18a-5p had binding sites into SORBS2. Rescue experiments displayed that forced expression of SORBS2 restored the impact of miR-18a-5p overexpression on HNSCC cells. Collectively, our research preliminarily identified the promotion effect of miR-18a-5p/SORBS2 axis on malignant phenotypes of HNSCC cells. Our findings may provide a preclinical reference for HNSCC treatment.
Changes of DCE‐MRI Parameters in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis before and after Therapy and Their Value for the Efficacy Evaluation of Patients
Authors: Chen Danguo , He Shengquan
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the changes of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and after therapy and their value for the efficacy evaluation of patients. Methods. Totally, 90 patients with RA confirmed in our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020 were enrolled. All of them were examined with a Siemens Magnetom Avanto 1.5T imaging system, and data about the rate of enhancement in early stage (REE) and steep slope maximum (SSmax) were obtained. Then, the disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS-28), REE, and SSmax were analyzed, and the associations of SSmax and REE with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and DAS-28 were investigated. Additionally, the patients were assigned to the acute-stage group and the chronic-stage group according to their time-signal intensity curves after therapy, and the two groups were compared in SSmax, REE, ESR, CRP, and DAS-28. Corresponding receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for the analysis of potential markers for efficacy improvement in patients. Results. After therapy, REE, SSmax, ESR, DAS-28, and CRP in the synovium of all patients declined greatly (all

P
<
0.05

), with higher levels observed in the acute-stage group than those in the chronic-stage group (all

P
<
0.05

). SSmax and REE of patients were positively bound up with their ESR, CRP, and DAS-28 (all

P
<
0.05

). Additionally, according to ROC curve-based analysis, both SSmax and REE can be adopted as biological indexes for distinguishing between patients at the acute phase from those at the chronic stage, and joint detection of them can boost the sensitivity of DAS-28. Conclusion. The SSmax and REE levels in RA patients after treatment were significantly decreased, and the levels in patients in the chronic phase were lower than those in patients in the acute phase. SSmax and REE are highly expressed in RA patients, and the combined detection can enhance the value of DAS-28 in the assessment of RA, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.
Intralesional Bleomycin for the Treatment of Resistant Palmoplantar and Periungual Warts
Authors: Marahatta Suchana , Khadka Dhan Keshar , Agrawal Sudha , Rijal Arpana
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Periungual, palmar, and plantar warts are difficult to treat with poor treatment response. Intralesional (IL) bleomycin has shown promising results for their treatment in a few reports. However, we need further evidence before opting it for treating difficult sites and resistant warts. Hence, we conducted this study to assess the efficacy and safety of IL bleomycin for the treatment of resistant palmoplantar and periungual warts. Methods. In this retrospective study, we included all patients who were given IL bleomycin for warts over a year. Maximum three sittings of bleomycin (1 mg/ml) were given monthly, and they were followed up for 3 months after the procedure. The response was categorized as complete, near-complete, significant, moderate, mild, and no clearance for 100%, 75–99%, 50–74%, 25–49%, 1–25%, and 0% clearance, respectively. Results. Out of 29 patients, follow-up details were available only in 19 patients (53 warts). The mean duration was 2.5 ± 1.47 years. The number of past interventions ranged from 2–4. Wart clearance after the first intervention was complete in 36.84%, near-complete in 26.31%, significant in 26.31%, and moderate in 10.53%. Wart clearance after the last intervention was complete in 89.47% and near-complete in 10.52% of patients. However, during 3 months of follow-up after the last injection, 15.78% had a recurrence. None of them had severe local and systemic side effects. Conclusions. IL bleomycin could be a better treatment option for the treatment of resistant and difficult warts. However, we observed a higher recurrence rate even in a shorter follow-up. Hence, we need further studies with larger samples.
Longitudinal Glycaemic Profiles during Remission in 6q24-Related Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sato Yasuhiro , Isojima Tsuyoshi , Takamiya Kiyomi , Motoyama Kahoko , Enkai Shigehiro , Ogawa Eishin , Kodama Hiroko , Yorifuji Tohru , Mimaki Masakazu
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is a rare condition that is characterized by the presence of diabetes mellitus during the first 6 months of life and remission by 18 months of age. It usually relapses at a median age of 14 years. Hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia is a relatively common complication during remission. Although β-cell function is reported to be impaired at relapse, the clinical course of glycaemic profiles during remission in patients with TNDM remains largely unknown. Case Presentation: Longitudinal glycaemic profiles were investigated annually from remission (185 days) to relapse (14.5 years) in a patient with TNDM due to paternal 6q24 duplication using the oral glucose tolerance test (glucose intake: 1.75 g/kg to a maximum of 75 g). The patient’s β-cell function and insulin sensitivity were assessed by calculating the insulinogenic index, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and Matsuda index. Early insulin response to glucose intake was impaired throughout remission, whereas fasting insulin and β-cell function by HOMA-β gradually increased in the first few years since remission, followed by a gradual decline in function. In contrast, HOMA-IR fluctuated and peaked at 6.5 years of age. Conclusion: This is the first report of annual longitudinal glycaemic profiles in a patient with 6q24-related TNDM during remission. We identified fluctuations in β-cell function and insulin resistance during remission.
Health Apps in Primary Care
Authors: Backer Mortensen Trude M.
Published: October 2021

Mass availability and use of health apps raises the question as to how they might be integrated into healthcare systems towards improving prevention and therapy. This study has researched prevailing opinion on health apps amongst primary care physicians, potential application areas physicians have seen in their experience with these apps up to now, and situations suitable for using apps in patient care. A total of 2138 primary care physicians in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, responded to an anon­ymised written survey between March and June 2020. Physicians with a positive opinion (36%) emphasised motivation and compliance as advantages, whereas sceptical respondents (43%) expressed suspicion regarding data privacy and reliability as well as legal issues and additional workload arising from using the apps. Even so, a clear majority accepted the potential benefit from sensible use of health apps with features providing prevention and lifestyle support (90/76%). With respect to patients using the apps, 54% of respondents saw a positive contribution to healthcare and/or recovery. Despite the perceived benefits of health apps, general practitioners are still reluctant to bring up or recommend health apps in their consultations. Many physicians do not feel capable of giving expert advice to patients on the apps available. Many general practitioners are aware of the potential that health apps may have in improving prevention and treatment. However, there are reservations and uncertainties regarding clarity, transparency, and privacy issues in these apps. More focus should be placed on these concerns to ensure ideal conditions for integrating health apps into primary care.
The Ideal Helicobacter pylori Treatment for the Present and the Future
Authors: Suzuki Sho , Kusano Chika , Horii Toshiki , Ichijima Ryoji , Ikehara Hisatomo
Published: October 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori eradication treatments are widely performed to improve gastric mucosal inflammation, promote ulcer healing, and reduce the incidence of gastric cancer. However, there are several issues associated with H. pylori eradication treatment. First, various treatment regimens are currently used worldwide, and the standard treatment varies with region and country. Second, the antimicrobial resistance of H. pylori is increasing due to indiscriminate antibiotic use. Finally, gut microbiota dysbiosis is potentially induced by H. pylori treatment. Summary: Based on current international guidelines and a network meta-analysis comparing the effects of various treatment regimens, nonbismuth quadruple therapies for 10–14 days and vonoprazan-based triple therapy for 7 days are the currently recommended H. pylori treatment regimens. These regimens show good eradication rates of approximately 90%, even in areas where antimicrobial-resistant strains are highly prevalent. However, these regimens still have inherent drawbacks that may promote further increases in antimicrobial resistance and induce gut microbiota dysbiosis because of the empiric use of multiple antibiotics. Key Message: The ideal concept for the present and future H. pylori eradication treatment involves “a simple, cost-effective strategy that fosters compliance without having a negative impact on the gut microbiota or contributing to future antimicrobial resistance.” One interesting possibility that may fulfill this concept is a dual therapy involving vonoprazan and amoxicillin. This is the simplest treatment regimen that provides acceptable eradication rates, improves safety and tolerability, and minimizes the potential for increasing antimicrobial resistance or causing gut microbiota dysbiosis.
A Comparison of Calcium Aggregation and Ultracentrifugation Methods for the Preparation of Rat Brain Microsomes for Drug Metabolism Studies
Authors: DuBois Barent N. , Amirrad Farideh , Mehvar Reza
Published: October 2021

Preparation of brain microsomes by the calcium chloride aggregation method has been suggested as an alternative to the ultracentrifugation method. However, the effects of the calcium chloride concentration on the quality of the microsomal fractions are not known. Brain microsomes were prepared from the adult rat brains using the high-speed ultracentrifugation and low-speed calcium chloride (10–100 mM) aggregation methods (n = 5–6 per group). The microsomal protein yield (spectrometry), the cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) activity (spectrometry), and the monooxygenase activities (UPLC-MS/MS) of CYP2D and CYP2E1 were determined in the obtained fractions. Increasing the concentrations of calcium chloride progressively increased the protein yield of the low-speed microsomal fractions. However, the increased yield was associated with a significant decrease in the activities of CPR, CYP2D, and CYP2E1. Additionally, the CYP2D and CYP2E1 activities were significantly correlated with the CPR activities of the fractions. In conclusion, when an ultracentrifuge is available, preparation of brain microsomes by the ultracentrifugation method might be preferable. However, the calcium aggregation method at a calcium chloride concentration of 10 mM is an acceptable alternative to the ultracentrifuge method.
Nutrition Counselling – From the Traditional Setting to Tele-Counselling
Authors: Farmer Elisabeth
Published: October 2021

At the University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions in Linz, Austria, students for the first time completed training for online nutrition counselling. Adjusting to the virtual setting as well as briefing and equipping the training clients was a challenge. After initial scepticism, a percentage of students can now see themselves offering digital counselling sessions in their future lives as nutritionists.
Lacrimal Sac Tumors: A Case Series
Authors: Kadir Syeed Mehbub Ul , Rashid Riffat , Sultana Sadia , Nuruddin Murtuza , Nessa Mst. Sayedatun , Mitra Mukti Rani , Haider Golam
Published: October 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the clinical presentation, management strategies, and outcomes in a case series of primary lacrimal sac tumors. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Sheikh Fajilatunnessa Mujib Eye Hospital and Training Institute, Bangladesh, from July 1 to December 31, 2020, and included all patients who were evaluated, treated, and followed up for at least 6 months from January 2013 to October 2020. One patient developed a recurrence of the adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac after 1 year of primary treatment. Patients’ demographic data were analyzed and reviewed from published articles on lacrimal sac tumors. We assessed patients clinically, followed by radiological evaluation. We also analyzed the biopsy technique, treatment modality, and recurrence. An oncologist reviewed all patients to prepare a plan for adjuvant treatment. Results: Ten patients with lacrimal sac tumors were included in this study. Swelling in the medial canthal region was the most common presenting feature (100%), followed by epiphora (60%) and pain (30%). Open biopsy was preferred over fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Incisional biopsy or complete excisional biopsy was performed for all suspected malignancies. Malignant tumors were found in 7 (70%) cases, and benign tumors in 3 (30%) cases. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (40%) was the most common malignant lacrimal sac tumor. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma was 75%, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 25% among the cases of NHL. Patients with epithelial malignancy were treated with external beam radiation therapy, while NHL patients were treated with chemotherapy (CHOP regimen). Recurrence was noted in 1 case (10%) of epithelial malignancy after 1 year of treatment. Conclusion: Successful management of lacrimal sac tumors requires a high index of suspicion, as these are fatal tumors, often misdiagnosed as dacryocystitis. Nonepithelial malignancies are more predominant than epithelial malignancies, and hematolymphoid tumors are most frequent.
Growth Hormone Stimulation Testing Patterns Contribute to Sex Differences in Pediatric Growth Hormone Treatment
Authors: Kamoun Camilia , Hawkes Colin Patrick , Gunturi Hareesh , Dauber Andrew , Hirschhorn Joel N. , Grimberg Adda
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Males are twice as likely as females to receive pediatric growth hormone (GH) treatment in the USA, despite similar distributions of height z (HtZ)-scores in both sexes. Male predominance in evaluation and subspecialty referral for short stature contributes to this observation. This study investigates whether sex differences in GH stimulation testing and subsequent GH prescription further contribute to male predominance in GH treatment. Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted of all individuals, aged 2–16 years, evaluated for short stature or poor growth at a single large tertiary referral center between 2012 and 2019. Multiple logistic regression models were constructed to analyze sex differences. Results: Of 10,125 children referred for evaluation, a smaller proportion were female (35%). More males (13.1%) than females (10.6%) underwent GH stimulation testing (p < 0.001) and did so at heights closer to average (median HtZ-score −2.2 [interquartile range, IQR −2.6, −1.8] vs. −2.5 [IQR −3.0, −2.0], respectively; p < 0.001). The proportion of GH prescriptions by sex was similar by stimulated peak GH level. Predictor variables in regression modeling differed by sex: commercial insurance predicted GH stimulation testing and GH prescription for males only, whereas lower HtZ-score predicted GH prescription for females only. Conclusions: Sex differences in rates of GH stimulation testing but not subsequent GH prescription based on response to GH stimulation testing seem to contribute to male predominance in pediatric GH treatment. That HtZ-score predicted GH prescription in females but not males raises questions about the extent to which sex bias – from children, parents, and/or physicians – as opposed to objective growth data, influence medical decision-making in the evaluation and treatment of short stature.
Efficient incremental data backup of unison synchronize approach
Authors: Nadee Prakai , Somwang Preecha
Published: October 2021

Data communication and computer networks have enormously grown in every aspect of businesses. Computer networks are being used to offer instantaneous access to information in online libraries around the world. The popularity and importance of data communication has produced a strong demand in all sectors job for people with more computer networking expertise. Companies need workers to plan, use and manage the database system aspects of security. The security policy must apply data stored in a computer system as well as information transfer a network. This paper aimed to define computer data backup policies of the Incremental backup by using Unison synchronization as a file-synchronization tool and load balancing file synchronization management (LFSM) for traffic management. The policy is to be able to perform a full backup only at first as a one time from obtaining a copy of the data. The easiest aspect of value to assess is replacement for restoring the data from changes only and processing the correct information. As a result, the new synchronization technique was able to improve the performance of data backup and computer security system.
Levenberg-marquardt backpropagation neural network with techebycheve moments for face detection
Authors: Razzaq Ali Nadhim , Ghazali Rozaida , Abbadi Nidhal Khdhair El , Al Naffakh Hussein Ali Hussein
Published: October 2021

Face detection is an intelligent approach used in a variety of applications that identifies human faces in digital images. This work presents a new method which composes of a neural network and Techebycheve transforms for face detection. For feature extraction, Tchebychev transform was applied, in which a discrete Tchebychev transform is given for different sampling patterns and several samples here were performed on color images. A Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation neural network was applied to the transformed image to find faces in the face detection dataset and FDDB benchmarked database. Model performance was measured based on its accuracy and the best result from the newly proposed method was 98.9%. Simulation results showed that the proposed method handles face detection efficiently.
Automatic voltage regulator performance enhancement using a fractional order model predictive controller
Authors: Deghboudj Imen , Ladaci Samir
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a new design method for fractional order model predictive control (FO-MPC) is introduced. The proposed FO-MPC is synthesized for the class of linear time invariant system and applied for the control of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). The main contribution is to use a fractional order system as prediction model, whereas the plant model is considered as an integer order one. The fractional order model is implemented using the singularity function approach. A comparative study is given with the classical MPC scheme. Numerical simulation results on the controlled AVR performances show the efficiency and the superiority of the fractional order MPC.
A spatial image compression algorithm based on run length encoding
Authors: Idrais Abdel Rahman , Aljarrah Inad , Al-Khaleel Osama
Published: October 2021

Image compression is vital for many areas such as communication and storage of data that is rapidly growing nowadays. In this paper, a spatial lossy compression algorithm for gray scale images is presented. It exploits the inter-pixel and the psycho-visual data redundancies in images. The proposed technique finds paths of connected pixels that fluctuate in value within some small threshold. The path is calculated by looking at the 4-neighbors of a pixel then choosing the best one based on two conditions; the first is that the selected pixel must not be included in another path and the second is that the difference between the first pixel in the path and the selected pixel is within the specified threshold value. A path starts with a given pixel and consists of the locations of the subsequently selected pixels. Run-length encoding scheme is applied on paths to harvest the inter-pixel redundancy. After applying the proposed algorithm on several test images, a promising quality vs. compression ratio results have been achieved.
A new design of stepped antenna loaded metamaterial for RFID applications
Authors: Nasiri Badr , Zbitou Jamal
Published: October 2021

Radio frequency identification is being overloaded with data information, making wideband band antennas very appealing. In this paper, we present a new design of dual band antenna for RFID reader applications operating at 2.45Gz and 5.8GHz with an average gain of 1.16dB at the lower frequency band and 3.2dB at the higher frequency band. The antenna is designed on an FR-4 substrate having a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent of 0.025. The proposed antenna is simulated, designed and, optimized using CST Microwave Studio and has a small size of 32 mm x 26 mm x 1.6 mm. The antenna consists of a steeped rectangular patch antenna using a partial ground plane loaded a modified split ring resonator. The metamaterial structure was designed and optimized to operate at 2.45GHz and its effective parameters was verified using the Nicolson-Ross Weir method. The performance of the proposed antenna is confirmed by another 3D electromagnetic solver HFSS.
System of smart detection and control to electrical energy for saving of electrical energy consumption
Authors: Roslina R. , Amelia Afritha , Pranoto Heru , Sundawa Bakti Viyata
Published: October 2021

Public campus has a mandate to saving of electrical energy. Electrical energy consumption is often wasteful in building. There is tendency wasteful by user. Electronic equipment is often still turn on at idle time. Only a few students want to turn off the equipment and shut down the computer. Saving of electrical energy is not only at idle time but it can be improved into operational hour. It is not depending on idle time or operational hours, but depends on human presence. Implementation of electrical energy saving has to be supported by frugal behavior and equipment technology. In this study, we name system of smart detection and control to electrical energy (Sisdece). This system is consist of hardware and software. Hardware applies passive infrared sensor (PIR) sensor, wireless sensor network (WSN), microcontroller ESP32, access point, relay. Software use C++, hypertext preprocessor (PHP), hypertext markup language (HTML) and android studio. Result of measurement has been done in a month during November 2020. Average of energy saved is 12.51 kWh and total of electrical energy is 105.86 kWh. Comparison of energy saved to electrical energy is 11.81%. This is a significant reduction to electrical bill. The result is expected as benchmark of electrical energy management in Politeknik Negeri Medan (POLMED).
Switchable bandstop to allpass filter using cascaded transmission line SIW resonators in K-band
Authors: Zolkefli Amirul Aizat , Shairi Noor Azwan , Ahmad Badrul Hisham , Othman Adib , Hassim Nurulhalim , Zakaria Zahriladha , Ibrahim Imran Mohd , Majid Huda A.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a switchable bandstop to allpass filter using cascaded transmission line SIW resonators is proposed. The switchable filter is performed by the switchable cascaded transmission line SIW resonators using discrete PIN diodes. Therefore, it can be used for rejecting any unwanted frequencies in the communication systems. The proposed filter design is operated in K-band and targeted for millimeter wave front end system for 5G telecommunication. Two filter designs with different orientation (design A and B) are investigated for the best performance and compact size. As a result, design B is the best by giving a maximum attenuation of 39.5 dB at 26.4 GHz with the layout size of 33×30 mm.
Automatic time series forecasting using nonlinear autoregressive neural network model with exogenous input
Authors: Hermansah Hermansah , Rosadi Dedi , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman , Utami Herni
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine an automatic forecasting method of univariate time series, using the nonlinear autoregressive neural network model with exogenous input (NARX). In this automatic setting, users only need to supply the input of time series. Then, an automatic forecasting algorithm sets up the appropriate features, estimate the parameters in the model, and calculate forecasts, without the users’ intervention. The algorithm method used include preprocessing, tests for trends, and the application of first differences. The time series were tested for seasonality, and seasonal differences were obtained from a successful analysis. These series were also linearly scaled to [−1, +1]. The autoregressive lags and hidden neurons were further selected through the stepwise and optimization algorithms, respectively. The 20 NARX models were fitted with different random starting weights, and the forecasts were combined using the ensemble operator, in order to obtain the final product. This proposed method was applied to real data, and its performance was compared with several available automatic models in the literature. The forecasting accuracy was also measured by mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute percent error (MAPE), and the results showed that the proposed method outperformed the other automatic models.
Low resource deep learning to detect waste intensity in the river flow
Authors: Putra Ferdinandus Fidel , Prabowo Yulius Denny
Published: October 2021

Waste has become a significant problem in Indonesia, especially in the capital city of Jakarta due to many disasters caused by it. The one cause of flooding is the blockage of river flow by waste. The monitoring of litter is essential to find out the waste intensity in the river. The research was formed which aims to produce an application that can detect, track, and calculate river waste using YOLO v3 algorithm. This research was done in order to simplify the process of monitoring waste in the river and can calculate waste using video. This research uses 340 images directly from photos and videos, captured by researchers-detection of waste processed frame by frame by changing video into several structures. From the acquired result from the experiment, it's proven that YOLO v3 can be used for detection and counting waste recorded on video. The result of this research is an application that can detect waste and it is able to detect said objects with 98.74% of confidence from case video.
Twitter sentimental analysis from time series facts: the implementation of enhanced support vector machine
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Dutt Vishal , García-Díaz Vicente , Narang Sushil Kumar
Published: October 2021

Sentiment analysis through textual data mining is an indispensable system used to extract the contextual social information from the texts submitted by the intended users. Now days, world wide web is playing a vital source of textual content being shared in different communities by the people sharing their own sentiments through the websites or web blogs. Sentiment analysis has become a vital field of study since based on the extracted expressions, individuals or the businesses can access or update their reviews and take significant decisions. Sentimental mining is typically used to classify these reviews depending on its assessment as whether these reviews come out to be neutral, positive or negative. In our study, we have boosted feature selection technique with strong feature normalization for classifying the sentiments into negative, positive or neutral. Afterwards, support vector machine (SVM) classifier powered with radial basis kernel with adjusted hyper plane parameters, was employed to categorize reviews. Grid search with cross validation as well as logarithmic scale were employed for optimal values of hyper parameters. The classification results of this proposed system provides optimal results when compared to other state of art classification methods.
Computer model for tsunami vulnerability using sentinel 2A and SRTM images optimized by machine learning
Authors: Joko Prasetyo Sri Yulianto , Simanjuntak Bistok Hasiholan , Hartomo Kristoko Dwi , Sulistyo Wiwin
Published: October 2021

This study aims to develop a software framework for modeling of tsunami vulnerability using DEM and Sentinel 2 images. The stages of study, are: 1) extraction Sentinel 2 images using algorithms NDVI, NDBI, NDWI, MSAVI, and MNDWI; 2) prediction vegetation indices using machine learning algorithms. 3) accuracy testing using the MSE, ME, RMSE, MAE, MPE, and MAPE; 4) spatial prediction using Kriging function and 5) modeling tsunami vulnerability indicators. The results show that in 2021 the area was dominated by vegetation density between (-0.1-0.3) with moderate to high vulnerability and risk of land use tsunami as a result of the decreasing of vegetation. The prediction results for 2021 show a low canopy density of vegetation and a high degree of land surface slope. Based on the prediction results in 2021, the study area mostly shows the existence of built-up lands with a high tsunami vulnerability risk (more than 0.1). Vegetation population had decreased to 67% from the original areas in 2017 with an area of 135 km2. Forest vegetation had decreased by 45% from 116 km2 in 2017. Land use for fisheries had increased to the area of 86 km2 from 2017 with an area of 24 km2.
Boosting with crossover for improving imbalanced medical datasets classification
Authors: Desuky Abeer S. , Omar Asmaa Hekal , Mostafa Naglaa M.
Published: October 2021

Due to the common use of electronic health databases in many healthcare services, healthcare data are available for researchers in the classification field to make diseases’ diagnosis more efficient. However, healthcare-medical data classification is most challenging because it is often imbalanced data. Most proposed algorithms are susceptible to classify the samples into the majority class, resulting in the insufficient prediction of the minority class. In this paper, a novel preprocessing method is proposed, using boosting and crossover to optimize the ratio of the two classes by progressively rebuilding the training dataset. This approach is shown to give better performance than other state-of-the-art ensemble methods, which is demonstrated by experiments on seven real-world medical datasets with different imbalance ratios and various distributions.
Detection of acute stress caused by cognitive tasks based on physiological signals
Authors: Markova Valentina , Ganchev Todor , Kalinkov Kalin , Markov Miroslav
Published: October 2021

We report on the development of an automated detector of acute stress based on physiological signals. Our detector discriminates between high and low levels of acute stress accumulated by students when performing cognitive tasks on a computer. The proposed detector builds on well-known physiological signal processing principles combined with the state-of-art support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The novelty aspects here come from the design and implementation of the signal pre-processing and the feature extraction stages, which were purposely designed and fine-tuned for the specific needs of acute stress detection and from applying existing algorithms to a new problem. The proposed acute stress detector was evaluated in person-specific and person-independent experimental setups using the publicly available CLAS dataset. Each setup involved three cognitive tasks with a dissimilar crux of the matter and different complexity. The experimental results indicated a very high detection accuracy when discriminating between acute stress conditions due to significant cognitive load and conditions elicited by two typical emotion elicitation tasks. Such a functionality would also contribute towards obtaining a multi-faceted analysis on the dependence of work efficiency from personal treats, cognitive load and acute stress level.
Analysis of thermal models to determine the loss of life of mineral oil immersed transformers
Authors: Askari Mohammad Tolou , Mohammadi Mohammad Javad , Pasupuleti Jagadeesh , Tahmasebi Mehrdad , Raveendran Shangari K. , Kadir Mohd Zainal Abdin Ab
Published: October 2021

Hot spot as well as top oil temperatures have played the most effective parameters on the life of the electrical transformers. The prognostication of these factors is very vital for determining the residual life of the electrical transformers in the transmission and distribution systems. Thus, an accurate mathematical method is required to calculate the critical temperature such as hot spot and top oil temperature based on the different types of thermal models. In this study calculates the service life of the transformers based on an accurate top oil temperature. Accordingly, An approach solution is given for calculating the thermal model. Also, findings are validated with true temperatures. Finally, this method is implemented on 2500 KVA electrical transformer.
Business process monitoring system in supporting information technology governance
Authors: Amali Lanto Ningrayati , Katili Muhammad Rifai , Suhada Sitti , Labuga Tri Alfandra
Published: October 2021

Information technology (IT) is essential in supporting an organization's business sustainability and growth, making it critically dependent on IT. Therefore, a focus on IT governance, consisting of leadership, organizational structure, and process ensuring that IT organization supports and expands the organizational strategies and goals is required. When the business supports the strategic significance of IT investment, the implementation of an IT strategy will lead to the adoption of an IT governance model. It will support and help the description of the benefit roles and responsibilities from IT systems and infrastructure. This paper aims to develop a business process monitoring system to support IT governance in improving user service and measuring organizational performance. The research method was the system development method with the Waterfall model. To measure the performance of the business process, the self-assessment method with performance matrix tools was applied. The study resulted in a business process monitoring system that can enhance the organization’s primary business process in services, supporting the said organization’s performance.