bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KREATIVITAS GURU DALAM MENYUSUN BAHAN AJAR PKn PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN PKn DI KELAS AKSELERASI DI SMAN 1 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Fahlevi Reja , Sapriya Sapriya
Published: May 2020

This research is motivated by the common problem a teacher usually encounters is choosing or determining the course of study which exactly suited in helping students to achieve their competence.Approach which is used in this research is qualitatively method of case of study. Observation, interviews, documentation analysis and triangulation are the process of collecting data for this research. The data is analyzed through data reduction and display, and conclusion. The result of this research shows that(1) Teacher creativity in establishing the course of study  learning process in high school acceleration class at SMAN 1 Banjarmasin  such as teacherâ€™s knowledge about the course, kind of the course used in learning process and the teaching method and learning model that teachers used are good enough. (2). Factors which prevent teacher creativities course of study in civic education learning process in high school acceleration class are internal factors and eksternal factors (3) efforts that school and teachers needed to improve teacher creativities in establishing the course of study in civic education learning process in high school acceleration class at SMAN 1 Banjarmasin.
POLITIK DAN PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA PASCA REFORMASI
Authors: Fauzan Indra
Published: May 2020

Women in the political context of Indonesia has a very significant role, because the position of women in politics in Indonesia not yet well established and sometimes even impressed marginalized because of the position of women in politics is always behind man. This can be seen in various positions in political parties, political organizations and even in Parliament though. This indicates that women's political participation is still very limited so that the position of women in politics in Indonesia is still very weak, so in need of a strategy to increase women's political participation in Indonesia either from the lowest to the highest rank. Although there is affirmative action to increase women's political participation in politics but it does not guarantee that the political position of women to be equal to men colleagues Because there are not many women who want and memimiliki opportunity for a career and strive in the path of politics. Many problems encountered principally in Indonesian culture. This study will explore how women's political participation in the political context in Indonesia and is expected to add to the treasures of female political discourse itself.
ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN HENRI LEVEBVRE TENTANG RUANG DALAM ARSITEKTUR MODERN: SUATU PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGIS
Authors: Hendra Djaja
Published: May 2020

This article was trying to understand Henri Lefebvreâ€™s thinking about space. Space means not what scientists think. Is space the same as everyday life, or is it different. Then, space means what and where Lefebvre pours space in his thoughts. What does Lefebvre mean about modern architecture and what is the diffence with traditional architecture and what kind of space to place in both types of architecture. Who are the characters close to Lefebvre and who are the figures he influences. Concerned, the figures who are also the thinkers, Lefebvre inti the camp of where and who most preferred his thoughts ranging from classical sociologist and modern sociology and the reasons he put forward.
KEGIATAN LIVE IN DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN RASA EMPATI SISWA
Authors: Selawati Fajar , Yasnita  , Sumadi Tjipto
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research is to knowing about Live In Program to Improving of Student‟s Empathy in SMP Kolese Kanisius Jakarta. This research use a qualitative method began at observation, documentation, and also interview to students grade VIII (Eight) as an informan and vice principal as a key informan. SMP Kolese Kanisius Jakarta‟s Live In Program is implement by placing students in a village and living with host family for seven days. During that time, students directly feel the life with villagers by following host family‟s daily activities. Those activities include farming, selling, gardening, raising, and others daily activities. The result shows that trough live in program, students have a chance to improve and sharpened their empathy towards others. In addition, this program also will increase student‟s independence.
ANTARA VIRTUE DAN FORTUNE: SUATU DIMENSI DALAM PEMIKIRAN MACHIAVELLI
Authors: Maiwan Mohammad
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisa konsep Machiavelli tentang virtue dan fortune. Machiavelli tidak mendefiniskan makna virtue secara pasti. Ia tidak menggunakan istilah tersebut secara sistematik. Machiavelli menggunakan istilah virtue sebagai analisis kompleks yang menggambarkan pada kualitas-kualitas utama seorang pemimpin dalam mencapai kegemilangan, meraih kemuliaan dan kehormatan, menahan serangan, melepaskan ketergantungan pada pihak lain, keyakinan diri. Dalam konteks tertentu, virtue didefinisikan sebagai kesediaan untuk melakukan apa saja tindakan untuk mencapai kemuliaan umum, baik itu melalui cara-cara yang baik maupun jahat. Pandangan ini menegasikan prinsip-prinsip moral dalam mencapai tujuan. Sementara fortune berarti, Nasib Baik. Fortune adalah dimensi yang selalu mengelilingi dan menentukan arah hidup kita. Dalam pandangan Machiavelli, Nasib adalah Dewi dalam kehidupan yang mana kita patut memberikan perhatian kepadanya, karena ia dapat memberikan keberuntungan ataupun kecelakaan. Argumentasi tentang Nasib ini berseberangan dengan pandangan Machiavelli yang sejauh ini dikenal cukup liberal dalam bidang politik dan kenegaraan. Pada tahap tertentu, pemikiran Machiavelli tentang virtue dan fortune, menciptakan suatu kesenjangan moral antara tradisi moralis klasik (Yunani dan Romawi kuno) dan zaman Renaisans, serta dilema moralitas baru kekuasaan. 

ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the Machiavelli’s concept of virtue and fortune. Machiavelli does not define virtue precisely and systematically. Machiavelli uses the term virtue as complex analysis that describes the main qualities of a leader in achieving glory, honor, resisting attacks, releasing dependency, and self-confidence. In certain contexts virtue is defined as the willingness to take any action to achieve general glory, which through good or evil means. This view ignores moral principles in achieving goals. While fortune means good fortune. Fortune is a dimension that always surrounds and determines the direction of our lives. In Machiavelli’s view, fate is a goddess in life which we deserve to pay attention to because it can bring good fortune or accident. This argument about fate is different from the Machiavelli’s view which has so far been known as liberal. At a certain stage Machiavelli thought about virtue and fortune creates a moral gap between classical moralist traditions and renaisans era, and creating a new morality dilemma of power.
PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DALAM PEMBENTUKAN NASIONALISME INDONESIA: SEBUAH ANALISIS SEJARAH HUKUM
Authors: Wasitaatmadja Fokky Fuad
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Kajian tentang nilai-nilai islam dan kaitannya dengan pembentukan kesadaran nasionalisme menjadi menarik untuk dikaji karena: peran ulama dan para pejuang muslim tersebut tidak lepas dari semangat untuk keluar dan lepas dari penjajahan. Peran para pejuang Islam baik yang berjuang secara fisik maupun yang berjuang dengan pemikiran melalui pena perlu dikaji untuk mengetahui secara historis peran ulama yang sangat penting dalam pencapaian kemerdekaan dan pembentukan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: bagaimanakah gagasan pembentukan kesadaran kebangsaan para tokoh bangsa ditinjau dari sisi sejarah hukum? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah hukum. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori sejarah hukum yang dikembangkan oleh Karl von Savigny. Kesimpulan penelitian yang diperoleh adalah: pemikiran K. von Savigny yang melihat sebuah perubahan dari bentuk yang primitif menuju sebuah bentuk modern juga terlihat dalam proses pembentukan kesadaran nasionalisme Indonesia.

ABSTRACT The study of Islamic values and their relation to the formation of nationalism awareness is interesting to study because: the role of the ulama and Muslim warriors is inseparable from the spirit to get out and escape from colonialism. The role of Islamic fighters, both those who struggle physically and those who struggle with ideas through a pen, needs to be examined to find out historically the role of the ulema which is very important in the achievement of independence and the formation of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study is: how is the idea of forming national awareness among national figures in terms of the history of law? The research method used is a normative legal method with a historical approach to law. The theory used in this study is the theory of legal63 history developed by Karl von Savigny. The conclusions of the research obtained are: K. von Savigny's thought which saw a change from primitive to modern patterns was also seen in the process of shaping Indonesian nationalism awareness.
MENCOBA MENGANALISIS TEORI SOSIOLOGI KLASIK DURKHEIM DI DUSUN X DESA Y KABUPATEN Z PROPINSI O
Authors: Hendra Djaja
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Teori Durkheim dalam sosiologi klasik Perancis terkenal dengan tekanannya pada norma-norma kolektif yang mempengaruhi tindakan dan kehidupan individu-individu, tanpa siapa pun yang menyadarinya. Isu-isu kolektif tersebut begitu kuat mengikat, sehingga telah menjadi ciri-ciri khas di dalam hubungan sosial yang bersangkutan. Dari sinilah, kemudian masyarakat itu hidup dalam bermasyarakat maupun bernegara. Teori Durkheim akan dicoba untuk diterapkan di Dusun X, Desa Y, Kabupaten Z, Provinsi O. Hasil-hasil observasi partisipan, terbukti: memang terlihat betapa norma-norma kolektif itu begitu kuat-mengikat individu-individu, sehingga warga pun tidak kuasa secara terang-terangan untuk menolak dari norma-norma yang sudah ditetapkan. Masyarakat Dusun X, tinggal mematuhi dan menerapkan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari tanpa melihat, apakah norma-norma tersebut sudah sesuai atau tidak dari kehidupan masyarakat yang bersangkutan. Akibatnya, masyarakat Dusun X telah kehilangan kemandirian, jati-diri dan kreativitasnya; atau jika berniat mencoba untuk melawan norma-norma yang telah ditetapan, maka dengan sangat terpaksa siap-siap untuk meninggalkan dusun tempat kelahirannya. Penyebab utama adalah, faktor kemiskinan dikarenakan pekerjaan yang dilakukan sebagian besar tukang becak, buruh bangunan dan sawah hanya sebatas untuk makan sampai pada panen berikutnya. Solusinya, memberi pengertian yang mendalam dan intensif kepada tokoh-tokoh masyarakat yang ada di Dusun X.

ABSTRACT Durkheim theory on French classical Sociology is well known with its pressure with the collective norms that affect the action and the life of individuals, without anyone realized it. Those collective issues were tightly bounded, so it has become the special characteristic in the related social relation. From here, then the citizens live in society and in the living state. Durkheim theory will be tried to be applied on X backwoods, Y village, Z province and O province. The result of participants’ observation resulted: it is seen that collective norms tightly tied individuals, so that people do not have the right directly to refuse the stated norms. The citizens of X backwoods, obey and apply the norms in the daily live without seeing whether the norm is appropriate for the live of the related people or not. As the result, citizen from X orchard has lost their independence, self identity and creativity; or if they have a willing to try to break the stated norm, as the result they have to be forced to leave the place where they were born. The main factor is poverty, it is because the job that are done mostly are pedicab drivers, building labor and field worker and it is only enough to earn money on food until the next harvest. The solution of this problem is giving a depth and intensive understanding to the prominent figure in X backwoods.
Editorial: Transfigurasi dan Aksentuasi Jurnal di Tahun 2020
Authors: Abdillah Fauzi
Published: May 2020

Para pembaca yang budiman, Jurnal Ilmiah Mimbar Demokrasi menerbitkan artikel hasil penelitian, artikel gagasan, dan ulasan buku yang termasuk pada ruang lingkup kajian disiplin ilmu Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn). Saat ini Jurnal Ilmiah Mimbar Demokrasi secara online telah terindeks pada Google Scholar, Portal Jurnal Garuda, Crossref, Sinta dan lain sebagainya.

Pada tahun 2019, melalui Surat Keputusan No. 36/E/KPT/2019 yang dikeluarkan oleh Direktur Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi (Kemenristekdikti), telah menyatakan bahwa Jurnal Ilmiah Mimbar Demokrasi telah terakreditasi pada peringkat Sinta 5 mulai Volume 17 No. 1 2018 sampai Volume 21 No. 2 tahun 2022.

Editorial kali ini juga dimanfaatkan sebagai media informasi bahwa telah terjadi transfigurasi atau perubahan pada beberapa aspek di Jurnal Ilmiah Mimbar Demokrasi. Perubahan pertama adalah pergantian dan perubahan susunan Dewan Editor atau Editorial Boards dan Reviewers atau Mitra Bestari. Perubahan susunan dan penambahan Editor maupun Reviewer dilaksanakan dengan pertimbangan kepakaran, jejak publikasi, dan mengoptimalkan peran asosiasi profesi untuk berkontribusi pada proses penerbitan jurnal.
Mechanism of LIN28B in trophoblastic villous cells of unexplained recurrent abortion
Authors: Huang QiaoYao , Niu YanRu , Song LiJun , Huang JinZhi , Wang Chenxi , Ma Tianzhong
Published: May 2020

LIN28B plays an important role in early embryonic development, but its role in villous trophoblast implantation and differentiation remains unknown. Purpose: To verify the role of LIN28B in trophoblastic villous tissue and cells from women with URSA(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion)and artificial termination of pregnancy (negative control, NC). Methods:The Lin28b gene and its protein expression level were detected with real-time quantitative PCR, Western immunoblotting analysis, and immunocytochemistry. The gene was also overexpressed in chorionic villous cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo) to examine its effect on trophoblast function. Results: The expression of LIN28B mRNA and protein of URSA villi was lower than that in the NC group. At the cellular level, overexpression of LIN28B enhanced cellular migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis. LIN28B may inhibit apoptosis by promoting Akt phosphorylation and by inhibiting Bad phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, LIN28B inhibited cell fusion and reduced cellular syncytia. Conclusions: LIN28B can inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and promote apoptosis and fusion. The low expression of LIN28B in URSA villous trophoblast cells may be one of the causes of abortion. The role of LIN28B in villous trophoblasts needs further study.
Based on HPA axis to explore the mechanism of waist-rubbing therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation model rats
Authors: Qin Yuhang , Lin Facai , Wu Yunchuan , Xiong Ying , Sun Guanghan
Published: May 2020

Background

lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a high-risk species in the world with serious harm. Traditional Chinese Tuina is the first choice in the treatment of LDH. In the past clinical studies, we have achieved good results in the treatment of LDH with the waist-rubbing method recorded in an ancient Chinese medical book of Qing Dynasty. Now we further explore its internal mechanism of action from the perspective of animal experiments. Waist-rubbing is a frictional heat-generating stimulus that acts on the surface of the skin. It does not relieve the compression in spinal canal, but can effectively eliminate the symptoms of LDH patients. This suggests that waist-rubbing may play a therapeutic role by interfering the autoimmunity of LDH. For a long time, the treatment of LDH mainly focused on how to relieve the mechanical compression caused by lumbar disc herniation, but little attention was paid to the autoimmune inflammation of LDH. In this study, from the point of view of regulating LDH's autoimmunity, the waist-rubbing method was taken as the treatment measure, and the lumbar strain rats in upright position were taken as the model. The neuroendocrine immunology mechanism of waist-rubbing method in treating LDH was revealed, which provided new ideas and scientific basis for Tuina clinical treatment of LDH, and also provided strong evidence for the theory of LDH's autoimmunity.
Methods

30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups of the blank, the model and the waist wiping. The LDH model of the forelimb-free standing rats was established. Each group was treated according to the corresponding method. The waist-rubbing group was treated once a day for 15 days. After the experiment, the blood and lumbar spinal cord samples were collected after rats been killed. The contents of the CRH(Corticotropin releasing hormone), ACTH(Adrenocorticotropic hormone), CORT(Cortisol), IL-17(Interleukin-17), IL-6(Interleukin-6), TGF-β1(Transforming growth factor-β1) and IL-10(Interleukin-10) in peripheral blood and the GRα(Glucocorticoid receptor α) and 5-HT1A(Five hydroxytryptamine 1A) receptor in L4-L6 segment of rat lumbar spinal cord were detected by ELISA(Enzyme-linked immunoSorbent assay).
Results

Compared with the blank group, the contents of CRH, ACTH, CORT, GRα, 5-HT1A receptor, TGF-β1 and IL-10 in the model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the contents of IL-17 and IL-6 were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the contents of CRH, ACTH, CORT, GRα, 5-HT1A receptor, TGF-β1 and IL-10 in the waist-rubbing group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the contents of IL-17 and IL-6 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

The waist-rubbing method may eliminate the autoimmune inflammatory reaction of LDH by correcting the hypofunction of HPA axis, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect of LDH.
Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 aggravates epilepsy and seizure-induced neuronal damage by regulating microRNA-139/ROCK1 axis
Authors: Li Xiaowan , Hao Fang , Tao Shuxin , Wang Weihua , Xiao Xinxing , Guo Dong , Ma Hongling , Liu Xuewu
Published: May 2020

Background

Both long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 and microRNA (miR)-139 are crucial gene regulators in various disorders. This study aims to investigate their role in epilepsy and seizure-induced neuronal damage.
Methods

In this research, rat model of epilepsy was established by pilocarpine induction. The RNA and protein expression in hippocampal tissues and neurons were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Microarray analysis was used to predict the relationship between NEAT1 and miR-139 or between miR-139 and ROCK1, and dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the interaction. The endogenous expression of related genes was modulated by recombinant plasmids and cell transfection. The cell apoptosis, levels of inflammatory factors and cell proliferation were detected by flow cytometry, ELISA and EdU assay.
Results

LncRNA NEAT1 and ROCK1 was upregulated, while the miR-139 was downregulated in hippocampal tissues and neurons of epileptic rats. Overexpression of NEAT1 decreased the activity of neurons, increased cell apoptosis, and increased the level of inflammatory factors. NEAT1 negatively targeted miR-139 to upregulate ROCK1. The RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway was activated by NEAT1 overexpression and miR-139 downregulation.
Conclusion

LncRNA NEAT1 suppressed pilocarpine-induced epilepsy by inhibiting apoptosis of hippocampal neurons through miR-139/RhoA/ROCK1 axis, and thereby inhibiting neuronal injury induced by seizure.
Gender-based Inequalities in Health literacy among an Iranian Kurd Population: Results of a Community Survey
Authors: Mahmoodi Hassan , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Iranpour Abedin , Shahi Fatemeh , Azimi Somayeh , Saqqezi Pershang Sharifi , Keshavarzian7 Khadijeh , Shirzadi Shayesteh , Hosking Sarah , Nadrian Haidar
Published: May 2020

Background Health literacy (HL) as a social determinant of health has a determinant role in providing different populations with healthcare services, in an equal manner. Our aim in this study was to investigate the contribution of socio-demographic factors to functional health literacy (FHL) in a population of Iranian adults and identify differences in the contribution of these factors across genders.Methods This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 to 2016 in Sanandaj, Iran. Multistage cluster sampling was employed to recruit 1000 people older than 18 (response rate = 89.2%) from 35 urban and 10 rural health care centers through home-based interviews. Test of functional health literacy in adults (TOFHLA) was used to assess FHL. In order to measure inequality in FHL, a concentration index decomposition was used.Results Participants included 869 respondents (57.5% women) with a mean age of 33.68 year. Participants demonstrated an average TOFHLA score of 51.9. Women demonstrated slightly higher TOFHLA scores (52.2 [SD: 0.46]) compared to men (50.7 [SD: 0.4]). However, the concentration index for gender was 10.9% suggesting gender contributed only moderately to TOFHLA scores. Comparatively, 54.3% of TOFHLA differences were attributed to geographic location. Among women, place of residence, monthly income age, education level, being head of household, and contributed to 43%, 32%, 13%,11.5% and 11%, of FHL inequality, respectively. Among men, however, place of residence (45.2%) size of household (15.1%), and monthly income (13.5%) contributed most to inequality in FHL.Conclusions This research suggests sociodemographic characteristics contributed differently to FHL inequality depending on gender. Understanding these differences may assist in identifying and targeting interventions towards men and women with low levels of FHL. Furthermore, work by health policy makers and health promotion specialists to address these contributing social factors may help to alleviate inequalities in health literacy.
A mixed-method comparison of physician-reported beliefs about and barriers to treatment with medications for opioid use disorder
Authors: Haffajee Rebecca , Andraka-Christou Barbara , Attermann Jeremy , Cupito Anna , Buche Jessica , Beck Angela J.
Published: May 2020

Background Evidence demonstrates that medications for treating opioid use disorder (MOUD) —namely buprenorphine, methadone, and extended-release naltrexone—are effective at treating opioid use disorder (OUD) and reducing associated harms. However, MOUDs are heavily underutilized, largely due to the under-supply of providers trained and willing to prescribe the medications. Methods: To understand comparative beliefs about MOUD and barriers to MOUD, we conducted a mixed-methods study that involved focus group interviews and an online survey disseminated to a random group of licensed U.S. physicians, which oversampled physicians with a preexisting waiver to prescribe buprenorphine. Focus group results were analyzed using thematic analysis. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results Study findings suggest that physicians have higher perceptions of efficacy for methadone and buprenorphine than for extended-release naltrexone, including for patients with co-occurring mental health disorders. Insurance obstacles, such as prior authorization requirements, were the most commonly cited barrier to prescribing buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone. Regulatory barriers, such as the training required to obtain a federal waiver to prescribe buprenorphine, were not considered significant barriers by many physicians to prescribing buprenorphine and naltrexone in office-based settings. Nor did physicians perceive diversion to be a prominent barrier to prescribing either buprenorphine or extended-release naltrexone. In focus groups, physicians identified financial, logistical, and workforce barriers—such as a lack of addiction treatment specialists—as additional barriers to prescribing medications to treat OUD.Conclusions Additional education is needed for physicians regarding the comparative efficacy of different OUD medications. Governmental policies should mandate full insurance coverage of and prohibit prior authorization requirements for OUD medications.
Examining the theoretical relationships between constructs in the person-centred practice framework: a structural equation model.
Authors: McCance Tanya , McCormack Brendan , Slater Paul , McConnell Donna
Published: May 2020

Background Research relating to Person-centred practice continues to expand and currently there is a dearth of statistical evidence that tests the validity of an accepted model of person-centred practice. The Person-centred Practice Framework is a leading model of practice and this study aims to examine it statistically.Methods A cross sectional survey design using a standardized tool was used to assess a purposive sample (n=1283, 31.8%) of multi-disciplinary health professionals across both Northern and Southern Ireland. Survey items scores were summed to provide construct scores and included in a structural model to examine the theoretical model of person-centred practice. Full ethical approval was gained. Results The results were drawn from a multi-disciplinary sample, and representing a broad range of clinical settings. The model explains 60.5% of the total variance. Factor loadings on to the second order latent construct, and fit statistics confirm the acceptability of the measurement model. Statistically significant factor loadings were acceptable. A positive and statistically significant relationship was observed between prerequisites and care environment as well as care processes.Conclusions The study provides statistical evidence to support the Person-centred Practice Framework, with a multidisciplinary sample. The findings help confirm the effectiveness of the PCPI-S and an instrument to measure an internationally renowned model of Person-centred practice.
Computational Identification of miRNAs and Temperature Responsive lncRNAs from Mango (Mangifera indica, L.)
Authors: Moh Nann Miky Moh , Zhang Peijing , Chen Yujie , Chen Ming
Published: May 2020

Background

Mango is a major tropical fruit in the world and is known as the king of fruits because of its flavour, aroma, taste, and nutritional values. Moreover, various parts of mango trees have been used for medical purposes. Although various regulatory roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs have been investigated in many plants, there is yet an absence of study in mango. This is the first study to provide information on ncRNAs of mango with the aim of identifying miRNAs and lncRNAs of mango and discovering of their potential functions by the interaction prediction of the miRNAs, lncRNAs and their target genes.
Results

In this analysis, 104 miRNAs and 7,610 temperature responsive lncRNAs were identified and the target genes of these ncRNAs were characterized. By analysing the interaction of miRNAs and their target genes, it was observed that miRNAs are mainly involved in growth, development, and stress responses of mango. For the lncRNAs, cold responsive lncRNAs bound to low temperature responsive proteins expressed at low temperature stress. GO enrichment analysis of heat and cold responsive lncRNAs revealed that they involved in all three basic processes; biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Moreover, mango lncRNAs can target miRNAs to reduce the stability of lncRNAs and can function as molecular decoys or sponges of miRNAs.
Conclusion

This paper would provide the new information about miRNAs and lncRNAs of mango and would help for the further investigation of mango ncRNAs.
WDPCP modulates cilia beating through MAPK/ERK pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Ma Yun , Tian Peng , Zhong Hua , Wu Fan , Zhang Qining , Liu Xiang , Dang Hua , Chen Qiujian , Zou Hua , Zheng Yiqing
Published: May 2020

Background: Cilia loss and dysfunction is one of the typical pathological features of chronic rhinosinusitis. Tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) repeat containing planar cell polarity effector (WDPCP) has been proven to be an essential element for ciliogenesis in human nasal epithelium, but its role in the beating of cilia remains unclear. Cilia beating requires energy from the mitochondria, which is regulated by the MAPK/ERK pathway. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of WDPCP and its underlying mechanism behind the dysfunction in the beating of cilia in chronic rhinosinusitis.Methods: We demonstrated WDPCP expression in the epithelium of nasal polyps. We also investigated the MAPK/ERK pathway in primary human sinonasal epithelial cells to explore the function of WDPCP. The air-liquid interface culture system was used as a model to verify the role of WDPCP and the MAPK/ERK pathway in the beating of cilia.Results: With the dysfunction of cilia beating, we observed a low expression of WDPCP in the epithelium of nasal polyps. Within the in vitro study, we found that WDPCP was critical for mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function in human sinonasal epithelial cells, possibly due to the activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by U0126 or lacking WDPCP could be partially recovered by dexamethasone.Conclusion: The low expression of WDPCP in nasal epithelium could affect mitochondria via the MAPK/ERK pathway, which may contribute to the dysfunction in the beating of cilia in chronic rhinosinusitis.
How Different Health Literacy Dimensions Influences Health Status and Well-being among Men and Women: The Mediating Role of Health Behaviors
Authors: Zhang Fan , Or Peggy Pui-Lai , Chung Joanne Wai-Yee
Published: May 2020

Background. Health literacy, the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and apply health information, was found to contribute to positive health outcomes, possibly via promoting healthy behaviors. However, the specific pathways linking different health literacy skills to health and well-being has remained unclear.Methods. A cross-sectional survey with structural questionnaires was administered among 2236 community-based adults in Hong Kong (mean age = 46.10 ± 19.05). Health literacy was measured by HLS-Asian-47. Participants' health behavior, physical conditions, and well-being were reported.Results. With structural modeling path analysis, health literacy in finding and understanding information showed a direct effect on enhancing physical health. While applying information capacity had an indirect positive effect via promoting health behaviors, which was moderated by gender. Only among women this indirect effect in predicting fewer physical symptoms and greater well-being was significant.Conclusions. Although similar patterns were found in physical condition and well-being, distinct direct and indirect pathways were found of different health literacy dimensions for men and women. Based on the findings, by targeting specific health literacy skills, education programs should be developed to enhance women’s health knowledge, and men's application of the knowledge in healthy lifestyle.
The Relationship of Nursing Home Price and Quality of Life
Authors: Raes Sarah , Vandepitte Sophie , De Smedt Delphine , Wynendaele Herlinde , DeJonghe Yannai , Trybou Jeroen
Published: May 2020

Background Knowledge about the relationship between the residents’ Quality Of Life (QOL) and the nursing home price is currently lacking. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between 11 dimensions of QOL and nursing homes price in Flemish nursing homes.Methods The data used in this cross-sectional study were collected by the Flemish government from years 2014 to 2017 and originates from 659 Flemish nursing homes. From 2014 to 2016, data on the QOL of 21,756 residents was assessed with the InterRAI instrument. This instrument contains 11 QOL dimensions. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the research question.Results The multiple regressions indicated that a 10 euro increase in the daily nursing home price is associated with a significant decrease (P < 0.001) of 0.1 in 5 dimensions of QOL (access to services, comfort and environment, food and meals, respect, and safety and security). Hence, our results indicate that the association between price and QOL is very small. When conducting a subgroup analysis based on ownership type, the earlier found results remained only statistically significant for private nursing homes.Conclusion Our findings show that nursing home price is of limited importance with respect to resident QOL. Contrary to popular belief, our study demonstrates a limited negative effect of price on QOL. Further research that includes other indicators of QOL is needed to allow policymakers and nursing home managers to improve nursing home residents’ QOL.
Modeling Count Data for Healthcare Utilization: an Empirical Study of Outpatient Visits Among Vietnamese Older People
Authors: Le Dung Duc , Leon-Gonzalez Roberto , Matola Joseph Upile
Published: May 2020

Background Vietnam is undergoing an unprecedented pace of aging process and is expected to experience the fastest aging process in region. Association between increasing age and health deterioration has been well-documented across settings. Consequently, demand for healthcare utilization is rising among older people. However, healthcare utilization, here measured as count data, creates challenges for modeling because such data typically has distributions that are skewed with a large mass at zero. This study compares empirical econometric strategies for the modeling of healthcare utilization (measured as the number of outpatient visits in the last 12 months), and identifies the determinants of healthcare utilization among Vietnamese older people based on the best-fitting model identified. Methods Using the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey in 2006 (N=2426), nine econometric regression models for count data were examined to identify the best-fitting one. We used model selection criteria; statistical tests; and goodness-of-fit for in-sample model selection. In addition, we conducted 10-fold cross-validation checks to examine reliability of in-sample model selection. Finally, we utilized marginal effects to identify the factors associated with number of outpatient visits among Vietnamese older people based on the best-fitting model identified. Results We found strong evidence in favor of hurdle negative binomial model 2 (HNB2) for both in-sample selection and 10-fold cross-validation checks. The marginal effect results of the HNB2 showed that predisposing, enabling, need, and lifestyle factors were significantly associated with number of outpatient visits. The predicted probabilities for each count event showed the distinct trends of healthcare utilization among specific groups: at low count events, women and people in younger age group used more healthcare utilization than did men and their counterparts in older age groups, but a reversed trend was found at higher count events. Conclusions The findings here suggest that the HNB2 model should be considered for use in modeling counts of healthcare use. This study’s findings lay the groundwork for future research on the modeling of healthcare utilization in developing countries and those findings could be used to forecast on healthcare demand and making provisions for healthcare costs.
Analysis of hospitalization expenditure and its influencing factors for lung cancer patients in China: a research based on the “System of Health Accounts 2011”
Authors: Pan Le , Meng Zhaolin , Cai Yuanyi , Wu Huazhang
Published: May 2020

Background At present, lung cancer is the common malignant tumor of respiratory system worldwide. The disease poses a serious health threat and a substantial economic burden to patients. The economic risks brought by lung cancer arouses widespread public concern. Therefore, the target of this research is to calculate lung cancer expenditure in China under the framework of the System of Health Account 2011 (SHA 2011). Intensive studies on working mechanism of influencing factors to lung cancer expenditure will be further explored, in order to achieve the goal of controlling lung cancer expenditure.Methods A multistage stratified sampling method was conducted in Liaoning province in China, and a total of 23559 patients were included into hospitalization expenditure analysis according to the framework of SHA 2011. The relation between the total hospitalization expenditure of lung cancer and its influencing factors including of demographic characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and hospital condition was analyzed with the multiple stepwise regression analysis. The impact mechanism of these influencing factors was revealed through path analysis and survival analysis.Results The total hospitalization expenditure of lung cancer was $ 1581.8. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the total hospitalization expenditure was associated with length of stay, surgery, hospital level, insurance status, and hospital type, according to the sequence of standardized estimate (β). Length of stay contributed the most to the model R-square. Path analysis showed that surgery, hospital type, and insurance status not only made a direct impact on the hospitalization expenditure, but also made an indirect impact on it through the length of stay. Through survival analysis, we found self-funded patients of lung cancer were quicker to run out of the affordable money.Conclusions Lung cancer brought a heavy economic burden for patients. More efficient and stringent clinical control strategies should be conducted to limit the increase of the expenditure.
Not all dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nie Qixing , Gao He , Li Mingzhi , Sun Yonggan , Chen Haihong , Zuo Sheng , Fang Qingying , Huang Xiaojun , Yin Junyi , Hu Jielun , Nie Shaoping
Published: May 2020

Background High intake of dietary fiber was found to be inversely associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), whereas the difference among different dietary fibers on T2D is still not clear.Results Here we investigated the effects of 9 types of dietary fiber on type 2 diabetic rats. we found supplementation with β-glucan, arabinogalactan, guar gum, apple pectin, glucomannan, arabinoxylan (especially β-glucan and arabinogalactan treatment) significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose, whereas carrageenan, xylan and xanthan gum had no effect on glycemic control in rats with T2D. Fibers with hypoglycemic effects associated with the increased butyric acid level and abundance of beneficial bacteria (Anaeroplasma, Parabacteroides and some butyric acid-producing bacteria), as well as improved host metabolism by decreasing 12α-hydroxylated bile acids, acylcarnitines and amino acids (leucine, phenylalanine, citrulline, and etc.). It was also found that only β-glucan can attenuate insulin resistance in T2D via down-regulation of Prevotella copri mediated branched chain amino acids biosynthesis.Conclusions not all dietary fibers were able to improve T2D, which mainly relied on the improvement of composition and functions of gut microbiota.
Intention to use long acting contraceptive methods and associated factors among women currently using short acting contraceptive methods in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: using the theory of planned behavior.
Authors: Berhe Resom , Nigusie Adane
Published: May 2020

Objective Despite its effectiveness, the intention and utilization of long acting contraceptive methods is very low in many developing countries and the use of long acting contraceptive methods has not kept in pace with that of short-acting methods such as, oral contraceptives and injectables.Result The magnitude of intention to use long acting contraceptive methods was 39.8%. Intention to use long acting contraceptive methods was higher for women whose husbands were farmers when compared to women whose husbands were government employees (β = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.72). Number of children wanted (β = − 0.19, 95%CI: -0.28, -0.1), attitude (β = 0.34, CI: 0.23, 0.46), subjective norm (β = 19, 95%CI: 0.12, 0.27) and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.3) were factors significantly associated with intention to use long acting contraceptive methods. Intention to use long acting contraceptive methods was low. Interventions that focus on women’s attitude towards long acting contraceptive methods and support group, peer education, social mobilization and persuasive communication could promote intention to use long acting contraceptive methods.
Microbiome meets classical microbiology: quantifying sample CFU using 16S rRNA gene sequencing data
Authors: Cruz Giuliano Netto Flores , Christoff Ana Paula , Oliveira Luiz Felipe Valter de
Published: May 2020

Background Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been extensively employed to perform microbiome characterization worldwide. As a culture-independent methodology, it has allowed high-level profiling of sample microbial composition. However, most studies are limited to sample information regarding relative bacterial abundances (sample proportions), ignoring scenarios in which sample microbe biomass can vary widely. Here, we develop an equivolumetric protocol for amplicon library preparation capable of generating NGS data responsive to input DNA, recovering proportionality between observed read counts and absolute bacterial abundances within each sample. Within a determined range, we show that the estimation of sample colony-forming units (CFU), the most common unit of bacterial abundance in classical microbiology, is challenged mostly by resolution and taxon-to-taxon variation. We propose Bayesian cumulative probability models to address such issues.Results Observed read counts were consistently proportional to input DNA, total microbial load, and bacterium-specific sample abundances, although a saturation tendency was observed as abundances increased. Using Bayesian cumulative probability models, predictive errors in sample CFU estimation varied constantly below one order of magnitude - as measured by the mean absolute log10-ratio (MALR). For total microbial load, observed MALR was no greater than 0.2 during both cross-validation and validation on a test dataset. For observed bacteria, estimation of taxon-specific CFU showed MALR values of at most 0.5. We also performed leave-one-group-out cross-validation to assess predictive performance for previously unseen bacteria. While most bacteria showed MALR no greater than 1, such a threshold was exceeded only by Bacillus cereus.Conclusions Being able to estimate sample CFU in a high-throughput fashion has a wide range of applications, from the study of built environments to public health surveillance. This study shows that equivolumetric protocols along with cumulative probability models allow sample CFU estimation from microbiome datasets. Further, our approach has the potential to generalize to previously unmodeled bacteria, an important feature in high-throughput settings. Lastly, it remains clear that NGS data are not inherently restricted to sample proportions only, and microbiome science can finally meet the working scales of classical microbiology.
Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients without a related family history
Authors: Wang Jinrui , Chen Zhongli , Yang Ying , Yang Ke , Yang Huijun , Tao Wenyu , Li Yiping , Jiang Zejia , Bai Chaofang , Yin Yuechuan , Duan Jianmei , Zhou Yuanyuan , Geng Xinqian
Published: May 2020

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a specific neurovascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Clinically, family history is a widely recognized risk factor for DR,assisting diagnosis and risk strata. However, among a great amount of DR patients without hereditary history like hypertension and diabetes, direct and simple risk factors to assist clinical decisions are still required. Herein, we intend to investigate the associated risk factors for these DR patients based on systemic inflammatory response indexes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Methods: We consecutively enrolled 1030 patients with a definite diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) from the endocrinology department of the Second hospital of People in Yun Nan. Based on funduscopy and family history checking, we excluded patients with a family history of hypertension and diabetes and finally enrolled 264 patients with DR and 206 patients with non diabetic retinopathy(NDR).Through correlation analysis, univariate and multivariate regression, we further explore the association between NLR, PLR, and DR. On top of that we investigate the effect of NLR and PLR on risk reclassification of DR. Results: Compared with NDR patients, NLR and PLR levels are significantly higher among DR patients (NLR:2.36±1.16 in DR group versus 1.97±1.06 in NDR group, p<0.001; PLR: 11.62±4.55 in DR group versus10.56±4.45 in NDR group, p=0.012). According to univariate analysis, NLR and PLR add risks to DR. After fully adjusting co-founders, NLR, as both continuous and categorical variate, remains an independent risk factor for DR(OR(95%CI):1.37 (1.06,1.78) P= 0.018). And though PLR not independently associated with DR as a continuous variable (OR (95%CI)1.05 (0.99, 1.11) p=0.135 ), the highest quantile of PLR add two-fold increased risk (OR(95％CI) 2.20 (1.05, 4.59) p=0.037) in the fully adjusted model for DR. In addition, addition of PLR and NLR to the established factor hemoglobin (Hb) improved the discriminability of the model and assisted the reclassification of DR. After combining PLR and NLR the Area under curve (AUC) of Hb based model raised from 0.76 to 0.78, with a category-free net reclassiﬁcation improvement (NRI) of 0.532 (p < 0.001) and Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of 0.029(p < 0.001). Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory response indexes NLR and PLR were associated with the presence of DR among patients without associated family history and contributed to improvements in re-classification in addition to Hb.
Energy cost of selected training and non-training activities of 10-17-year-old Indian athletes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cherian Keren Susan , Sainoji Ashok , Nagalla Balakrishna , Yagnambhatt Venkata Ramana
Published: May 2020

Background Factorial approach using activity recording and metabolic equivalents (METs) is most often used to compute 24-hr energy expenditure pattern among athletes. However, the existing compendiums for energy cost of physical activities were developed on non-athlete adults or children. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the energy cost of selected physical activities of junior athletes. Further, the suitability of existing compendiums among Indian junior athletes were assessed.Methods In this cross-sectional study, 91 Indian junior athletes (Boys: 45 and Girls: 46) from athletics, soccer and weightlifting events, were monitored for their activity pattern (Rest, Training and non-training activities) and volume of oxygen consumed (ml/kg/min) using portable metabolic analyser. Sex and/or age-specific differences were determined using ANOVA and measured METs were compared with Compendium of Physical Activity (CPA) and Compendium of Energy Expenditure for Youth (CEEY) using single-sample t-test.Results The energy cost and METs showed sex-specific differences with a strong association between measured Heart rate and METs. The measured METs covered a range of physical activities from 0.7 (Resting Metabolic Rate; RMR) to 10.8 (shuttle run). On comparison with compendium, measured METs for RMR was significantly higher in junior athletes, except in soccer players (junior boys and girls) having lower METs. For majority of the activities, measured METs were comparable with adult compendium (CPA), than children’s (CEEY).Conclusions Thus, the METs determined on Indian junior athletes adds to the existing database and is useful to evaluate energy expenditure. Further, in the absence of athlete-specific compendium, CPA seems prudent for determining energy needs.