bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RECOGNIZING STUDENT ACTIVITY IN THE CLASSROOM USING DEEP LEARNING METHODS
Authors:   Professor, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Information Technologies and Big Data Analysis, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Shchetinin Eugene Yu.
Published: February 2024

Human activity recognition is one of the actively developing areas of artificial intelligence that can be implemented in learning environments to improve safety, efficiency and quality of education. Deep learning transfer is a widespread method of training neural networks and has proven its effectiveness in such complex tasks as digital image and video processing. In this paper, we propose a model for recognizing different student activities using pretrained models including VGG16, ResNet50, DenseNet201, EfficientNetB0 and Xception, which are then trained using the method proposed in the paper on a Class box image set created by the authors. The EfficientNetB0 model showed the maximum performance among the considered models and achieved an accuracy of 94,25%. The system proposed in this study aims to create a safer and more productive learning environment for students and teachers.
Features of the methodology and software tools for IT project management
Authors:   Director, Yaroslavl Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Yaroslavl, Russia, Kvasha Vladimir A. , Voevodina Elena I. ,   Senior Lecturer at the Department of Information Systems and Technologies of Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Larionov Valery D. ,   Student in the field of study "Economics", Yaroslavl branch of the Financial University under the Government of Russia, Yaroslavl, Russia, Burtsev Ilya A. ,   Student of the Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Churilov Andrey M. ,   Student of the Department of Information Systems and Technologies, Yaroslavl State Technical University, Yaroslavl, Russia
Published: February 2024

This chapter is devoted to the study of theoretical and practical methodological developments at the intersection of managerial management in the field of IT project management. In the context of the everevolving world of information technology and the growing importance of IT projects for organizations, effective management of their implementation has become a critical aspect of business processes. To systematize knowledge, project management methodologies, software development models and products for solving these problems were analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the use of modern tools and technologies to improve management efficiency, such as Agile methodologies, DevOps approaches and process automation tools.
Use of digital transformation and artificial intelligence strategies for pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan: Applications and challenges
Authors: Shoukat Khadija , Jian Min , Umar Muhammad , Kalsoom Habiba , Sijjad Wasim , Atta Shahid Hussain , Ullah Asad
Published: February 2024

The widespread application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in Industry 4.0 can improve the work efficiency of doctors and help more patients. The application direction of AI in pharmaceutical logistics can be roughly divided into two types: First, AI technology empowers intelligent devices, and second, it improves labor efficiency through software systems. This article summarizes the digital development of the pharmaceutical industry in the United States, the European Union, and Japan, analyzes the current status and shortcomings of digital development in Pakistan’s pharmaceutical industry, and proposes digital development strategies for Pakistan’s pharmaceutical industry. The development of the domestic Internet has promoted the reform and progress of the pharmaceutical industry, but the policy development of digital applications needs to catch up. The digital transformation of the pharmaceutical industry faces problems such as the need for digital technology support for new drug research and development, medical data security problems, and the need for service platform construction for pharmaceutical enterprises. Finally, this article provides feasible suggestions for the better application of AI technology in Pakistan’s pharmaceutical industry by reviewing the research status, development trends, and development bottlenecks of AI technology in this area.
Artificial intelligence model for prediction of cardiovascular disease: An empirical study
Authors: Umar Buhari Ugbede , Ajao Lukman Adewale , Dogo Eustace Mananyi , Ajao Falilat Jumoke , Atama Micheal
Published: February 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a disease related to the heart and blood vessels. Prediction of CVD is essential for early detection and diagnosis, which is however compounded by the complex interplay between medical history, physical examination outcomes, and imaging results. While the existing automated systems are fraught with the usage of irrelevant and redundant attributes, artificial intelligence (AI) helps in the identification of potential CVD populations by prediction models. This work aims at developing an AI model for predicting CVD using different classifications of machine learning techniques. The CVD dataset was obtained from the UCI repository containing about 76 cardiac attributes for training in various machine learning models, which include a hybrid of artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA), artificial neural network, support vector machine (SVM), K-means, K-nearest neighbor (KNN), and decision tree (DT). The performance of the models was measured in terms of accuracy, means square error, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. The results showed that the hybrid model of ANN-GA performs better with an accuracy of 86.4%, compared to the SVM, K-means, KNN, and DT measured at 84.0%, 59.6%, 79.0%, and 77.8%, respectively. It was observed that the system performs better as the number of datasets increases in the database, with a fewer selection of attributes using genetic algorithm for selection. Thus, the ANN-GA model is recommended for CVD prediction and diagnosis.
Joint angle prediction for a cable-driven gripper with variable joint stiffness through numerical modeling and machine learning
Authors: Goh Guo Liang , Huang Xi , Toh William , Li Zhengchen , Lee Samuel , Nguyen Van Pho , Yeong Wai Yee , Han Boon Siew , Ng Teng Yong
Published: February 2024

Soft grippers in automation, particularly those with variable joint stiffness, offer promising possibilities for precise manipulation tasks. However, accurately predicting finger joint bending angles in this field poses significant challenges due to the soft and complex nature of the grippers, making modeling and angle prediction difficult. This paper presents the development of a predictive model for precisely controlling bending angles in multi-material printed soft grippers with variable stiffness, which are pivotal for delicate manipulation tasks in automation. In particular, we explore a cable-driven gripper design made of thermoplastic polyurethane and conductive polylactic acid materials, featuring integrated resistive joints for stiffness modulation through controlled Joule heating. A data-driven modeling approach, combining numerical modeling of the gripper and machine learning techniques, was employed for the development of the predictive model. We performed static structural simulations using ANSYS Workbench to measure bending angles under various conditions for developing datasets for model training. In this work, we evaluated several machine learning models such as linear regression, decision tree, and K-nearest neighbor regression models to predict the correlation between temperature, pull distance, and bending angle. The K-nearest neighbor regression model demonstrated the highest accuracy, with a mean absolute error of approximately 11%. These findings underline the importance of precise angle prediction models in enhancing the functionality and reliability of soft grippers, paving the way for their broader application in automation and robotics.
Integration of physics-based data in deep learning model training for predicting the effect of sulfur content in the directed energy deposition process
Authors: Liang Wong Stanley Jian , Chen Chengxi , Tan Eddie Zhi’En , Li Hua
Published: February 2024

The training of a machine learning model solely on experimental data, encompassing both pre- and post-process information, can reveal the general relationship of the directed energy deposition process. However, models trained in this manner encounter limitations in capturing critical in-process information occurring during deposition. This paper details the training of a deep learning model through the integration of in-process physics-based simulation information and a pre-process experiment dataset. The sulfur content of stainless steel 316L was selected as critical in-process information affecting the final track geometry and was captured using computational fluid dynamics simulation of a single-track deposition process, which cannot be captured accurately through experimentation. The physics-based simulation dataset was generated by obtaining the contour of deposition and dilution of the solidified track cross-section. The experiment was conducted using central composite design, and data augmentation was achieved through curve fitting using a response surface methodology regression model. Statistical analysis assessing the quality of simulation and experiment data was conducted. Among six baseline models, a deep learning model with a specified training sequence of experiment and simulation data, denoted as DL-AugExp-Sim-Exp, exhibited the best-performing R2 and root mean square error prediction accuracy for cross-section track shape. Notably, deep learning models trained with both experiment and simulation information demonstrated a lower R2 value compared to models trained solely with experiment data, revealing a tradeoff between R2 value and additional prediction capability. In summary, in this study, the integration of a physics-based simulation dataset demonstrated the additional prediction capability concerning the effect of sulfur content on track geometry.
Digital twin applications in an archaeological site: A virtual reconstruction of the Pishan site, Zhejiang, China
Authors: Liu Wanqin , Lu Man , Chen Yuqin , Yan Kaikai
Published: February 2024

A digital twin is a virtual counterpart of a physical object or system based on precise data collection. Although digital twin applications are gaining traction in the virtual reconstruction of built heritage, their relevance in archaeological sites remains limited, especially for those with only foundations. The Pishan (毘山) site in Huzhou, featuring the remains of a high-platform building and a large stilt-style architecture, represents the largest settlement site from the late Shang (商, ca. 1600 – 1046 BCE) and early Western Zhou (西周, 1046 – 771 BCE) dynasties in Zhejiang Province, China. At present, confronting contradictions among preservation, restoration, and reuse as a heritage park, the site leverages digital twin technologies to address two concerns: (i) reconstructing a 3D scene for further restoration and related studies and (ii) integrating multimedia to enhance visitors’ experiences and dissemination. Photogrammetry, unmanned aerial vehicle, and a mirrorless camera are employed to collect sky and ground dual graphic data and reconstruct the 3D model of the loess terrace. A panoramic roaming environment is created through panoramic photography. Geographic information system is integrated to enable visual analysis and information management while building information modeling facilitates the integration of parametric modeling and point cloud, aiding virtual restoration research. In conclusion, a workflow entitled “Virtual Reconstruction – Management and Analysis – Restoration – Exhibition” is proposed, promising in-depth exploration in further studies.
Effect of 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation emitted from mobile phone on testicular immunity and the associated risk of testicular germ cell tumor
Authors: Ok Fesih , Emre Mustafa , Bisgin Atil , Jafarguliyev Samir , Boga Ibrahim , Cetiner Salih , Yesyet Gulbanu , Bagir Emine , Bayazit Yildirim , Doran Saban
Published: February 2024

The emission of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) from mobile phones has been implicated in causing inflammatory changes in the testis. Nevertheless, the direct association of these changes with the development of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) remains unclear. Therefore, we purposed to investigate the effect of RF-EMR exposure on inflammatory changes in the testis, cytokine gene expression levels, and the incidence of TGCT. Twenty male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to either the study or control groups. The study group was exposed to RF-EMR at 900 MHz, 26 V/m, and a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.14 W/kg for 4 h/day over 8 weeks. Histopathological analysis, vitality analysis using Annexin V, and real-time polymerase chain reaction for the analysis of interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) cytokine gene expressions were performed on the testicular tissue. The median testis weight (163.0 g [133.0 – 183.0] vs. 179.0 g [134.0 – 195.0], P = 0.012) and volume (0.95 cm3 [0.800 – 1.400] vs. 1.100 cm3 [1.050 – 1.500], P = 0.031) of the study group were significantly lower compared to the control group. The seminiferous tubule damage (P < 0.001) and interstitial edema (P = 0.042) were significantly higher in the study group. The tunica albuginea thickness was significantly reduced in the study group (P < 0.001). The fold changes in the expression levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ increased significantly in the study group. Our findings indicate that RF-EMR exposure causes structural, histopathological, and inflammatory toxic effects on the testis. The observed elevation in gene expression levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines following RF-EMR exposure suggests their potential role as regulators of TGCT initiation, thereby offering a viable potential therapeutic target in combination with current treatments. Nonetheless, future well-designed studies are necessary to validate our findings.
Consumer Behaviour Model on the Furniture Market
Authors: Bednárik Éva , Pakainé Kováts Judit
Published: February 2024

This study introduces the furniture purchasing behaviour model. The study describes the behaviour model and characteristics of decision making and the environmental factors affecting the individuals besides emphasising the family character of furniture purchase. We introduce a chapter from the primary research verifying the model that analyses the validity of customer behaviour trends defined as elements of the impersonal environment on the furniture market. We touch on our lifestyle based segmentation model which is elaborated in our work in detail. The method of primary research is quantitative, personal interview. While working out our research model we applied a method that enables multi-level cross-section and cohort analyses. Our work has verified the need for trend researches on the furniture market so we suggest the construction and the near-future launch of a trend research system consisting of several modules that reveals the specific factors on the furniture market besides verifying the validity of general behaviour trends.
Is There a Future for the Isolated Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Forest in Southern Turkey?
Authors: Yilmaz Mustafa
Published: February 2024

Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is mainly found in the northern region of Turkey. There is also an approximate 40,000 ha of isolated relict oriental beech forest in southern Turkey. This relict population differs somewhat from the northern distribution in terms of average altitudinal distribution, health conditions, and reactions to climate change. Beech forest distribution in southern Turkey starts at about 1000 m, contrary to the northern distribution, which begins at about 150-200 m. In southern Turkey, the average temperature is higher, and summer drought occurs due to irregular rainfall. Beech trees in the south decay at earlier ages due to their sprout origins and higher temperatures than in the north. In recent decades, some part of the beech forests have shed leaves during the summer in response to severe drought. Therefore, these relict populations are on the verge of extinction under unfavorable conditions.
Feasibility and Stability Analysis for Basic Measles Model Using Fuzzy Parameter
Authors: Bhavithra H. A. , Sindu Devi S.
Published: February 2024

In this article, we investigate the behaviors of the measles viral pandemic using fuzzy susceptible-infectiousrecovered (SIR) model. To examine the effects of various compartment phases, we analyze disease-free equilibrium points along with basic reproduction number. The measles model is stated to be globally asymptotically stable at the disease-free equilibrium point. In order to mathematically simulate the measles, we use a first-order nonlinear differential equation. The numerical solution is computed using the Runge-Kutta method, and the model’s feasibility is also covered.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Decision of Couples of Childbearing Age to Participate in the Family Planning (KB) Program in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Khalifah Intan Noor
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The family planning (KB) program is a government program that aims to control the rate of population growth. In Indonesia, the family planning program has been launched since 1970 and has shown significant results in reducing birth rates. However, there are still several obstacles in implementing the family planning program, one of which is the low participation rate of couples of childbearing age (PUS).

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with 384 PUS as respondents. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed using logistic regression.

Results: The results of the study showed that the factors that significantly influenced PUS' decision to take part in the family planning program in Purwakarta Regency were knowledge about family planning (OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.73-4.82), husband's support (OR = 2.15 ; 95% CI: 1.28-3.59), and access to family planning services (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.10-3.05).

Conclusion: Factors that significantly influence PUS's decision to participate in the family planning program in Purwakarta Regency are knowledge about family planning, husband's support, and access to family planning services.
Sosialisasi Waspada Penyebaran Hoaks di Media Sosial
Authors: Reza Faisal , Sugiarta Nugraha , Ilham Yanuar , Lestari Anggita
Published: February 2024

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini membahas tentang sosialisasi waspada hoaks dan penanganannya dalam era digital. Fenomena hoaks yang meresahkan dan dampak negatifnya mendorong perlunya pendidikan literasi digital untuk mengatasi penyebaran informasi palsu. Program ini menggabungkan berbagai metode, termasuk workshop literasi digital, seminar, kompetisi literasi digital, dan distribusi materi edukatif, untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengenali serta menghindari hoaks. Hasil dari program ini mencakup peningkatan kesadaran yang signifikan terkait bahaya hoaks, keterampilan verifikasi informasi yang lebih baik, dan partisipasi aktif dalam kompetisi literasi digital. Melalui interaksi dengan para ahli dalam seminar dan diskusi publik, terbentuk kolaborasi dan jaringan yang kuat dalam mengatasi hoaks. Distribusi materi edukatif seperti pamflet, brosur, dan infografis juga mempermudah akses masyarakat terhadap informasi penting. Program ini menghasilkan transformasi positif dalam pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap hoaks. Namun, tantangan dalam mengatasi hoaks tetap berkelanjutan, memerlukan dukungan berkelanjutan dari lembaga pendidikan, media, pemerintah, dan masyarakat. Dengan terus mengembangkan pendekatan yang relevan dengan perkembangan teknologi, masyarakat dapat menghadapi dampak negatif hoaks secara efektif, menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih cerdas, aman, dan beretika dalam menghadapi dunia informasi yang semakin kompleks.
Optimalisasi Sumber Informasi dan Kolaborasi Produktif Melalui Website Coworking Space di Kecamatan Coblong
Authors: Budiman Budiman , Danestiara Venia Restreya , Akbar Imannudin
Published: February 2024

Sebagai wilayah yang terus berkembang, Kecamatan Coblong mengalami banyak perubahan. Meningkatnya konektivitas dan digitalisasi telah menimbulkan tantangan baru, tetapi juga telah membuka peluang untuk meningkatkan potensi ekonomi dan sosial di daerah tersebut. Website Coworking Space ini dibuat dengan tujuan utama untuk menjadi sumber informasi yang memungkinkan masyarakat untuk mengakses peluang penjualan produk lokal. Diharapkan para pelaku usaha dapat memasarkan barang-barang unggulan mereka dengan lebih efektif dengan menyediakan platform yang terintegrasi. Metode pelatihan untuk adopsi situs web Coworking Space di Kecamatan Coblong memberikan pengarahan tentang tujuan pelatihan, mengajarkan konsep dasar pengelolaan konten dan situs web, memberikan kesempatan untuk praktek langsung dalam proyek, dan didukung oleh interaksi langsung dan pemanfaatan teknologi untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peserta dalam membuat dan mengelola situs web. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat untuk adopsi wwebsite Coworking Space Kecamatan Coblong menghasilkan peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam pembuatan dan pengelolaan website, peningkatan aksesibilitas informasi tentang layanan Coworking Space, dan peningkatan hubungan antara Coworking Space dan komunitas lokal. Kegiatan ini berdampak positif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dan reputasi wilayah tersebut.
Desain Informasi Akuntansi dalam Rangka Peningkatan Produktivitas Perusahaan pada PT. ABC
Authors: Himmah Elok Faiqoh , Butar Butar Beckham , Hertina Dhea Rizki , Nurasiah Dinda , Jisika Jisika , Luthfiani Nur Zahra , Arsyita Refika Nurul , Jelita Vana , Aditia Widi Dwi
Published: February 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini merupakan projek dari mata kuliah analisis perancangan sistem informasi akuntansi mengenai perancangan dan analisis sistem informasi akuntansi siklus pendapatan PT ABC (Perusahaan Kontraktor). PkM ini menggunakan metode studi kasus pada perusahaan kontraktor dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. PkM ini bertujuan melakukan perancangan dan analisis sistem informasi akuntansi pada siklus produksi PT ABC melalui wawancara dan observasi beserta studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perancangan sistem informasi akuntansi memudahkan proses pembelian persediaan hingga penagihan piutang dengan komputerisasi sehingga perusahaan mengetahui laporan kinerja keuangan. Sistem informasi akuntansi membantu perusahaan untuk memantau proses pembelian persediaan melalui data buyer yang berkinerja baik (tepat pembayaran). Manajemen dapat menarik laporan pendapatan dan pembelian persediaan perusahaan secara akurat dan cepat melalui program sistem informasi akuntansi.
The Effect of Students Self-Confidence on Mathematics Achievement in High School in Korea
Authors: Byiringiro Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

This study looked into how students' self-confidence affected their performance in mathematics in South Korean high schools. This study employed an ex-post facto quantitative methodology with a correlational design on a sample size of 288 respondents selected using Yamane formulae. Students and math teachers from Daeyeon High School made up the sample size. To gather quantitative data, a mathematics achievement test and a confidence questionnaire in mathematics were employed. The null hypothesis, according to the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient computation formula, is that there is no statistically significant correlation between students' self-confidence and mathematical achievement. The study discovered a statistically significant positive correlation (r=723, p=0.000) between math achievement and student confidence. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the independent variables in the model account for 70.8% of the variance in the dependent variable, indicating their critical role in high school mathematics achievement for students. Furthermore, it was concluded that there is a significant positive attitude towards students' mathematics achievement when it comes to their self-confidence. The study concluded that since student confidence is directly correlated with mathematical achievement, math teachers should help students solve mathematical problems in order to help them build self-confidence for better achievement
The oncogenic role of hepatitis B virus X gene in hepatocarcinogenesis: recent updates
Authors: Agustiningsih Agustiningsih , Rasyak Muhammad Rezki , Turyadi  , Jayanti Sri , Sukowati Caecilia
Published: February 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancers with high mortality rate. Among its various etiological factors, one of the major risk factors for HCC is a chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV X protein (HBx) has been identified to play an important role in the HBV-induced HCC pathogenesis since it may interfere with several key regulators of many cellular processes. HBx localization within the cells may be beneficial to HBx multiple functions at different phases of HBV infection and associated hepatocarcinogenesis. HBx as a regulatory protein modulates cellular transcription, molecular signal transduction, cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, protein degradation pathways, and host genetic stability via interaction with various factors, including its association with various non-coding RNAs. A better understanding on the regulatory mechanism of HBx on various characteristics of HCC would provide an overall picture of HBV-associated HCC. This article addresses recent data on HBx role in the HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.
Forest communities of the relict Balkan endemicAesculus hippocastanum
Authors: Tzonev Rossen , Mastrogianni Anna , Tsiripidis Ioannis , Dimitrov Marius , Gussev Chavdar , Mandžukovski Dejan , Pachedjieva Kalina
Published: February 2024

Aesculus hippocastanumL. (European Horse-chestnut) constitutes a biogeographical relict species of the Balkan Peninsula, occurring in isolated and topographically distinct localities in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia. Despite its great botanical, ornamental and pharmaceutical value, a thorough investigation ofAe. hippocastanumhabitat diversity in its native distribution range has not been conducted yet. The present study aims at the syntaxonomic classification and ecological features of plant communities dominated by this species across its overall native distribution range. On the basis of 55 phytosociological relevés, five ecologically, floristically, and spatially well differentiated clusters were identified, with the main revealed gradients of differentiation being geographic location (longitude, latitude), altitude, annual precipitation and precipitation seasonality. The distinct microhabitats with a special refugial character where these plant communities occur meet the species’ requirement for relatively high air and soil humidity. They have allowed the preservation ofAe. hippocastanumthrough time highlighting their great conservational value. The last one could be useful for the implementation of some appropriate measures for effective conservation of these communities.
Globalização econômica e as novas conjunturas laborais: o Direito Internacional enquanto protetor do trabalho decente
Authors: Carta Winter Luís Alexandre , Buttendorff R. Beckers Amanda Carolina
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho partiu da premissa de que não mais se pode vislumbrar o direito do trabalho como outrora, isso porque o trabalho decente é ferramental para a efetivação da dignidade da pessoa humana. Direitos Humanos como saúde, moradia, saneamento, liberdade não podem ser materializados e usufruídos pelo cidadão, sem uma adequada distribuição de renda.  O cidadão incluído no mercado de trabalho, que tenha seus direitos trabalhistas respeitados vida, um saudável ambiente laboral, e uma remuneração adequada, consegue implementar mais direitos fundamentais para si e os seus. Como problematização, buscou-se investigar a questão da globalização econômica e seus reflexos no direito do trabalho, para compreender de que forma o direito internacional pode ser um ferramental de salvaguarda do conceito de trabalho decente frente aos novos desafios globais. Metodologicamente a pesquisa teve de caráter qualitativo. Optou-se pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, com método de procedimento, histórico comparativo e método jurídico, sistemático, e sociológico. Em um olhar de que não se pode mais compreender a proteção ao direito do trabalho como papel dos Estados, vez que os problemas mitigatórios do trabalho decente, contemporaneamente, muitas vezes são de cunho internacional, decorrentes da globalização econômica.
Direito do Trabalho, liberdade religiosa e laicidade do Estado:
Authors: Serau Júnior Marco Aurélio
Published: February 2024

Contextualização: O exame da Lei 14.647/2023, que a priori impede o reconhecimento de vínculo de emprego entre clérigos e instituições religiosas, ocorreu no cenário do direito fundamental à liberdade religiosa e de laicidade do Estado brasileiro.

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo reside em tensionar a constitucionalidade desse nova normativa trabalhista, a qual parece ofender, frontalmente, a liberdade de crença e de organização religiosa, que são desdobramentos da liberdade religiosa.

Método: O estudo realizado utilizou como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica e análise normativa, não tendo havido pesquisa empírica ou análise jurisprudencial.

Resultados: Os resultados da pesquisa reforçam a premissa inicial de provável inconstitucionalidade da Lei 14.647/2023.
La importancia del color negro en las pinturas de José Guerrero. Caso de estudio del negro en su obra Black Ascending
Authors: Bellido Márquez María Carmen
Published: February 2024

El color fue una herramienta de expresión para el pintor José Guerrero y el negro fue primordial en su trayectoria plástica. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la relevancia de dicho color en su pintura Black Ascending (1962-1963) mediante el análisis de esta obra, poniendo especial interés en su mancha negra para determinar su extensión, cromaticidad y sentido simbólico y ofrecer sus datos colorimétricos para poder observar en el futuro la posible evolución en cambios de color de la obra. La metodología utilizada ha sido teórico-documental-cualitativa y práctica-cuantitativa. Se han tomado valores colorimétricos del cuadro que han determinado sus principales áreas cromáticas, siendo la mancha negra la segunda más extensa de su superficie, que es rica en croma y simboliza sentimientos que resurgieron de la memoria del autor. El negro fue para él un color determinante, vivo y familiar, que le evocó sus vivencias y que usó como guía y estímulo creativo por excelencia.
The distinct development of stimulus and response serial dependence
Authors: Zhou Liqin , Liu Yujie , Jiang Yuhan , Wang Wenbo , Xu Pengfei , Zhou Ke
Published: February 2024

Serial dependence (SD) is a phenomenon wherein current perceptions are biased by the previous stimulus and response. This helps to attenuate perceptual noise and variability in sensory input and facilitates stable ongoing perceptions of the environment. However, little is known about the developmental trajectory of SD. This study investigates how the stimulus and response biases of the SD effect develop across three age groups. Conventional analyses, in which previous stimulus and response biases were assessed separately, revealed significant changes in the biases over time. Previous stimulus bias shifted from repulsion to attraction, while previous response bias evolved from attraction to greater attraction. However, there was a strong correlation between stimulus and response orientations. Therefore, a generalized linear mixed-effects (GLME) analysis that simultaneously considered both previous stimulus and response, outperformed separate analyses. This revealed that previous stimulus and response resulted in two distinct biases with different developmental trajectories. The repulsion bias of previous stimulus remained relatively stable across all age groups, whereas the attraction bias of previous response was significantly stronger in adults than in children and adolescents. These findings demonstrate that the repulsion bias towards preceding stimuli is established early in the developing brain (at least by around 10 years old), while the attraction bias towards responses is not fully developed until adulthood. Our findings provide new insights into the development of the SD phenomenon and how humans integrate two opposing mechanisms into their perceptual responses to external input during development.
Everything you ever wanted to know about the Think/No-Think task, but forgot to ask
Authors: Nardo Davide , Anderson Michael C.
Published: February 2024

The Think/No-Think (TNT) task has just celebrated 20 years since its inception, and its use has been growing as a tool to investigate the mechanisms underlying memory control and its neural underpinnings. Here, we present a theoretical and practical guide for designing, implementing, and running TNT studies. For this purpose, we provide a step-by-step description of the structure of the TNT task, methodological choices that can be made, parameters that can be chosen, instruments available, aspects to be aware of, systematic information about how to run a study and analyze the data. Importantly, we provide a TNT training package (as Supplementary Material), that is, a series of multimedia materials (e.g., tutorial videos, informative HTML pages, MATLAB code to run experiments, questionnaires, scoring sheets, etc.) to complement this method paper and facilitate a deeper understanding of the TNT task, its rationale, and how to set it up in practice. Given the recent discussion about the replication crisis in the behavioral sciences, we hope that this contribution will increase standardization, reliability, and replicability across laboratories.
Formación Docente en Competencias Digitales para la Integración de las Tecnologías De la Información y la Comunicación en el Aula de Clase de Docentes de Primaria
Authors: Castañeda Calderón Rubén Darío
Published: February 2024

Si bien la educación y todo lo que le configura -prácticas pedagógicas, currículos,  resultado de procesos sociales, políticos, económicos y culturales- han quebrantado el statu quo de las sociedades, es preciso señalar que hoy día, la educación y en específico, los actores que se desenvuelven en este sector, se enfrentan a nuevos retos relacionados con dinámicas mundiales a saber: globalización económica, multiculturalidad, sociedad digital, competitividad, multiculturalidad, entre otras (Ripoll, Valencia y Cohen, 2021). De allí la necesidad de cuestionar los modelos pedagógicos que no corresponden a la realidad y las demandas de un mundo cambiante, que exige flexibilidad en los procesos educativos. Como respuesta a estas demandas y particularidades del siglo XXI, protagonizado por la sociedad de la información, en tanto el avance tecnológico ha facilitado el acceso universal a esta, según González, Ojeda y Pinos (2021), la educación se ha reconfigurado, paulatinamente, en torno a la creación y aplicación de herramientas educativas digitales en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje; tanto así que en los últimos años, el contexto mundial en medio de emergencia en salud pública, obligó a las instituciones de educación primaria, básica y superior a hacer uso exclusivo de la educación virtual, exigencia que recayó en los agentes educativos para sortear los retos y obstáculos que esto suponía para un mundo en transición digital abrupta.
Rancang Bangun Model Alat Pengering Indoor Otomatis Hasil Pertanian Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: Laba Ahmad , Musa Wahab , Abdussamad Syahrir
Published: February 2024

Proses pengeringan merupakan hal penting dalam penanganan bahan pertanian pasca panen, akan tetapi proses pengeringan yang dilakukan para petani di Gorontalo khususnya di Gororontalo Utara masih menggunakan metode pengeringan manual yang masih bergantung pada intensitas cahaya matahari dan masih membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk proses pengeringannya. Hal ini yang membuat peneliti megambil inisiatif untuk merancang model alat pengering indoor otomatis hasil pertanian berbasis arduino uno yang bertujuan untuk mempercepat proses pengeringan dan tidak bergantung pada intensitas cahaya matahari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dimana peneliti membuat model alat pengering otomatis dan melakukan percobaan menggunakan jagung, gabah dan kedelai terhadap kerja alat yang dibuat. Alat ini bekerja di kontrol langsung oleh arduino yang menerima sinyal dari sensor DHT11 sebagai moniroring suhu dan soil moisture sensor sebagai monitoring kadar air yang terkandung pada bahan hasil pertanian.  Alat ini dapat mengeringkan bahan pertanian biji-bijian 2 sampai 3 jam tergantung jumlah kadar air yang terkandung dalam produk bahan pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa alat yang dibuat sudah berhasil dan sudah bekerja sesuai dengan perancangan yang direncanakan.The drying process is important in handling post-harvest agricultural materials, however the drying process carried out by farmers in Gorontalo, especially in North Gororntalo, still uses manual drying methods which still depend on the intensity of sunlight and still require a long time for the drying process. This is what made researchers take the initiative to design a model of an automatic indoor dryer for agricultural products based on Arduino Uno which aims to speed up the drying process and does not depend on the intensity of sunlight. The method used in this research is an experimental method where the researcher makes a model of an automatic drying tool and carries out experiments using corn, grain and soybeans on the working of the tool made. This tool works under direct control by Arduino which receives signals from the DHT11 sensor for temperature monitoring and the soil moisture sensor for monitoring the water content contained in agricultural produce. This tool can dry grain agricultural materials for 2 to 3 hours depending on the amount of water content contained in the agricultural product. The research results show that the tool created has been successful and has worked according to the planned design.
Analisa Konduktifitas Material Fly Ash dan Bottom Ash sebagai Katoda pada Baterai Udara
Authors: Pradana Aditya , Nurhayati Titik , Pinandita Satria
Published: February 2024

Kegiatan distribusi listrik yang dilakukan PLTU Tanjung Jati B yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Jepara menyisakan limbah hasil pembakaran batubara berupa abu fly ash dan botton ash (FABA), dengan tekstur warna abu-abu dan hitam. Limbah FABA hanya dimanfaatkan 30% untuk campuran semen dan sisanya menumpuk terbengkalai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konduktivitas pada katoda udara menggunakan material limbah batubara FABA sebagai pengganti dari karbon aktif untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai baterai ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan dengan metode eksperimen. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui eksperimen pengujian di Laboratorium Konversi Energi Listrik Universitas Semarang menggunakan FABA yang diperoleh dari PLTU Tanjung Jati B. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengambilan sampel FABA dari PLTU Tanjung Jati B, penyaringan, dan pengujian konduktifitas dengan variasi Carbon dan Graphite. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa baterai udara dengan memanfaatkan fly ash dan grafit dengan tegangan yang dihasilkan sebesar 2,58 V mampu menghidupkan lampu LED selama 4 hari. Untuk meningkatkan besar tegangan yang dihasilkan baterai ditambahkan larutan NaOH dengan perbandingan 1:4:2. (Fly Ash : Grafit : NaOH) Setelah ditambahkan larutan Na2Co3 tegangan meningkat menjadi 2,76 V. Ketiga bahan tersebut (Fly Ash, Grafit, NaOH) direkatkan dengan lem kertas untuk mendapatkan karakteristik kaku, teksturnya halus, cepat kering, luntur, doff, dan dapat menghantarkan listrik. Pengolahan limbah batubara FABA dapat mengatasi permasalahan PLTU Tanjung Jati B dan masyarakat untuk mengurangi penumpukan limbah batubara melalui penciptaan teknologi rekayasa berupa baterai udara.
Políticas de inovação para a produtividade
Authors: De Negri Fernanda
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste texto é fazer um breve diagnóstico das políticas para ciência, tecnologia e inovação nos últimos anos. O texto elenca algumas diretrizes para políticas de inovação mais eficientes em alavancar o crescimento da produtividade e o desenvolvimento brasileiro.
Technosignatures Longevity and Lindy's Law
Authors: Balbi Amedeo , Grimaldi Claudio
Published: February 2024

The probability of detecting technosignatures (i.e., evidence of technological activity beyond Earth) increases with their longevity, or the time interval over which they manifest. Therefore, the assumed distribution of longevities has some bearing on the chances of success of technosignature searches, as well as on the inferred age of technosignatures following a first contact. Here, we investigate the possibility that the longevity of technosignatures conforms to the so-called Lindy’s law, whereby, at any time, their remaining life expectancy is roughly proportional to their age. We show that, if Lindy’s law applies, the general tenet that the first detected technosignature ought to be very long lived may be overruled. We conclude by discussing the number of emitters that had to appear, over the history of the Galaxy, in order for one of them to be detectable today from Earth.
Investigating the Impact of Atomic Data Uncertainties on the Measured Physical Parameters of the Perseus Galaxy Cluster
Authors: Chakraborty Priyanka , Hemmer Rachel , Foster Adam R. , Raymond John , Sarkar Arnab , Smith Randall , Brickhouse Nancy
Published: February 2024

Accurate atomic data and plasma models are essential for interpreting the upcoming high-quality spectra from missions like XRISM and Athena. Estimating physical quantities, like temperature, abundance, turbulence, and the resonance scattering factor, is highly dependent on the underlying atomic data. We use the AtomDB tool variableapec to estimate the impact of atomic data uncertainties in Einstein A coefficients, collisional rate coefficients, and the ionization and recombination rates of H-, He-, and Li-like iron in modeling the spectrum of Perseus observed by Hitomi. The best-fit temperatures, abundances, resonance scattering factors, and turbulence parameters including atomic data uncertainties vary by approximately 17%, 35%, 30%, and 3%, respectively, from the best-fit temperatures, abundances, RS factors, and turbulence parameters estimated without atomic data uncertainties. These indicate that approximately 32%, 35%, and 25% of the best-fit temperatures, abundances, and resonance scattering factors when including uncertainties lie outside the 3σ error regions of their corresponding best-fit values computed with zero atomic data errors. Expanding the energy range to 1.8–20.0 keV shows less variability, with 26% of the abundances and 22% of the resonance scattering factors lying outside the 3σ errors of the best-fit values. We also studied correlations between physical parameters and atomic rate uncertainties to identify key atomic quantities requiring precise lab measurements. We report negative correlations between the best-fit temperatures and the z (1s2s 3S1 → 1s2) collisional rate coefficients, abundances and y (1s2p 3P1 → 1s2) collisional rate coefficients, and abundances and z collisional rate coefficients, and a positive correlation between the resonance scattering factors and the w (1s2p 1P1 → 1s2) collisional rate coefficients.
Hydrodynamic Simulations of Oxygen–Neon Classical Novae as Galactic 7Li Producers and Potential Accretion-induced Collapse Progenitors*
Authors: Starrfield Sumner , Bose Maitrayee , Iliadis Christian , Hix W. Raphael , Woodward Charles E. , Wagner R. Mark
Published: February 2024

We report on studies of classical nova (CN) explosions where we follow the evolution of thermonuclear runaways (TNRs) on oxygen–neon (ONe) white dwarfs (WDs). Using NOVA, a 1D hydrodynamic computer code, we accrete solar matter until the TNR is ongoing and then switch to a mixed composition. This approach is guided by the results of multidimensional studies of TNRs in WDs, which find that sufficient mixing with WD core material occurs after the TNR is well underway, and levels of enrichment of the CNONeMg elements are reached that agree with observations of CN ejecta abundances. Because the amount of accreted material is inversely proportional to the oxygen abundance, by first accreting solar matter, the amount of accreted material is larger than in those simulations with an initially enriched composition. We vary the mass of the WD (from 0.6 M
⊙ to 1.35 M
⊙) and the composition of the mixed materials. Our results show large enrichments of 7Be in the ejected gases, implying that ONe CNe and CO CNe may be responsible for a significant fraction (∼100 M
⊙) of the Galactic 7Li (∼1000 M
⊙). The production of 22Na and 26Al in CN explosions and the γ-ray emission predicted by our simulations are discussed. The WDs in all our simulations eject less material than they accrete and we predict that the WD is growing in mass as a consequence of the CN outburst. ONe CNe, therefore, may be an important channel for accretion-induced collapse events.
Deep Chandra Observation of the Remarkable Ionization Cones of NGC 5252
Authors: Wang Chen , Wang Junfeng , Dadina Mauro , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Elvis Martin , Bianchi Stefano , Guainazzi Matteo
Published: February 2024

Seyfert galaxy NGC 5252 harbors enormously extended ionization cones that have been previously detected in the optical and X-ray band, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the interaction between the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) and the surrounding gas in the AGN host galaxy. We present deep Chandra imaging spectroscopy of NGC 5252 with a total exposure time of 230 ks. The morphology in the soft X-rays shows resolved extended structure from the nucleus to a large radial distance, and for the first time we detect the outermost X-ray arc at ∼20 kpc. The X-ray cone mostly follows the direction of the optical ionization cones in the southeast and northwest directions, about 20° misaligned with the major axis of the galactic disk of NGC 5252. Fitting the spectra extracted from radial sectors with photoionization models supports that extended emission is mainly photoionized by the central AGN. We also examine the variation of the photoionization parameter along the radial extension and infer a decreasing ionizing continuum of the central engine by a factor of ∼50 over the past 64,000 yr. These findings are consistent with previous suggestions that NGC 5252 resembles a quasar relic with an M ∼ 109
M
⊙ supermassive black hole that went through a minor merger event and switched to a low accretion rate state.