bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Personalized Marketing Strategies on Consumer Engagement and Loyalty (Evidence from KSA)
Authors: Tarifi Nabil ,   Assistant Professor, Business Department, Jeddah International College, Saudi Arabia, Bakhsh Reem ,   MBA, Jeddah International College, Saudi Arabia
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, more than ever, there are global as well as local companies with only web sales. To mention a few: Google, Amazon, Ali Express and more. With a growing digital landscape and a tech-savvy population, companies in Saudi Arabia are increasingly adopting personalized marketing approaches to cater to individual preferences, cultural nuances, and consumer behaviors. This research utilizes both secondary data and primary data as data collection tools in terms of theoretical framework of literature review and an online survey questionnaire with a combination of Likert-scale options. The target population will consist of Saudi consumers across different demographics of age, gender. A stratified random sampling technique will be used to ensure representation from each stratum. The sample of the study will start with people living in the vicinity of Jeddah International College then expand to random consumers online through means of snowball sampling of referrals from participants. The sample of the study consists of 100 respondents. The independent variable of the study is personalized marketing strategies. The dependent variables of the study are consumer engagement and consumer loyalty. The study concludes that personalized marketing strategies have a favorable impact on consumer perceptions, engagement, and loyalty in Saudi Arabia. The majority of respondents expressed positive attitudes towards personalized offers, recommendations, and communications from brands. They also exhibited active engagement with personalized marketing efforts and demonstrated a willingness to make repeat purchases and recommend brands that utilize personalized marketing strategies.
أثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المنظم ذاتيا في تدريس اللغة العربية على تنمية مهارات القراءة الإبداعية للصف الثالث المتوسط
Authors: آل عائض خليل ,   رئيس قسم التعليم المستمر، تعليم عسير، وزارة التعليم، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: July 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المنظم ذاتيًا في تدريس اللغة العربية على تنمية مهارات القراءة الإبداعية لدى طلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط. وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج شبه التجريبي لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة؛ حيث أعد الباحث قائمة بمهارات القراءة الإبداعية، واستخدم مقياس لاستراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتيا، وبعد تطبيق برنامج لتدريب طلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط على استخدام استراتيجية التعلم المنظم ذاتيا عند تعلمهم لتنمية مهارات القراءة الإبداعية، تمت دراسة الوحدة المقررة باستخدام الاستراتيجية، وتوصل الباحث إلى قائمة بمهارات القراءة الإبداعية اللازمة لطلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط، كما توصل إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسطات درجات المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في التطبيق البعدي لاختبار مهارات القراءة الإبداعية لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، كما توصل إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسطات درجات المجموعتين التجريبية في التطبيق القبلي والتجريبية في التطبيق البعدي لاستراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتياً لصالح المجموعة التجريبية في التطبيق البعدي. في ضوء النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة، يوصي الباحث بتبنّي قائمة مهارات القراءة الإبداعية التي حّددتها الدراسة لطلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط عند تدريس وحدات مقرر لغتي الخالدة، وتدريب الطلاب على استخدام استراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتياً عند تعلم مهارات القراءة الإبداعية، لفاعليتها في تحسين هذه المهارات، ضرورة اهتمام مخططي مناهج اللغة العربية، وواضعيها في وزارة التعليم باستراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتياً، وأخذها بعين الاعتبار، عند بناء مناهج اللغة العربية، وضرورة تنظيم دورات تدريبية للمعلمين بشكل عام، ومعلمي اللغة العربية بشكل خاص على كيفية استخدام استراتيجيات التعلم المنظم ذاتياً، وضرورة زرع ثقة الطلاب بأنفسهم، وتنمية مهارات التفكير بشكل عام، ومهارات التفكير المنطقي، والإبداعي بشكل خاص.
الاستراتيجيات والتحديات المالية للمنظمات غير الحكومية في دولة قطر
Authors: المري بينة ,   ماجستير إدارة عامة، الهيئة العامة للتقاعد والتأمينات الاجتماعية، دولة قطر
Published: July 2024

نظرا لأهمية تمويل المنظمات غير الحكومية لتكون قادرة على تنفيذ استراتيجياتها، وتنفيذ برامجها، فقد تم إعداد البحث الذي يركز على التحديات المالية التي تواجه المنظمات غير الحكومية، وتأثيراتها على استراتيجيات تلك المنظمات. يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على التحديات المالية التي تواجه المنظمات غير الحكومية بدولة قطر، والتعرف على استراتيجيات المنظمات غير الحكومية بدولة قطر، وتحديد كيفية رسمها وصياغتها وتنفيذها، والكشف عن تأثير التحديات المالية التي تواجه المنظمات غير الحكومية على قدرتها على رسم وتنفيذ استراتيجياتها. تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الكيفي، حيث تم إجراء 12 مقابلة مع مسؤولين من عدة منظمات غير حكومية بدولة قطر. كشفت الدراسة عن أن المنظمات غير الحكومية في قطر تعاني من تحديات مالية على مستوى الاستدامة، خاصة مع ملاحظة النقص الذي حدث في الإيرادات من العام 2020 إلى 2021. كما تبين أن أغلب التمويل الذي تحصل عليه تلك المنظمات إما أن يكون تمويلا مقيدا مما يقيد عمل المنظمة في غرض معين، وإما أن يكون تمويلا حكوميا وهو ما يثير الشك حول استقلالية عمل تلك المنظمات وكذلك يجعل التمويل عرضة للتغير والتقلب بحس الموازنة العامة للدولة. لذلك، أوصت الدراسة بتوفير المهارات والخبرات الفنية المتعلقة بالإدارات لكل منظمة من أجل وضع خطط استراتيجية قوية يمكن تنفيذها وتحقيقها، للوصول للأهداف المستهدفة من عمل تلك المنظمات، كما أنه من المهم بناء شراكات مختلفة بين المنظمات غير الحكومية، مع توفير الدعم لتلك المنظمات من خلال توفير مخصصات مالية، والعمل على مواجهة المعتقدات السلبية تجاه عمل تلك المنظمات والتي تتمثل في رؤية تلك المنظمات على أنها داعم لجرائم غسل الأموال أو داعم للعمليات الإرهابية.
الدور الوقائي للأسرة لتعزيز الأمن في المجتمع من خلال وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والمؤثرين فيها (دراسة مقارنة بين مستخدمي وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية)
Authors: الطويل عمر ,   ماجستير محاسبة دولية، الجامعة الوطنية، ماجستير تسويق مصرفي، جامعة تعز، محاسب قانوني، الجمهورية اليمنية
Published: July 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدى قيام الأجهزة الأمنية بدورها التوعوي لتعزيز دور الأسرة في تحقيق الأمن المجتمعي في اليمن والمملكة العربية والسعودية من خلال وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، وقياس تأثير وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والمؤثرين فيها في تغيير الدور الاجتماعي للأسرة في اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية، وكذلك دراسة وتحليل مدى قيام الأسرة بدورها الوقائي (التوعوي، الاجتماعي، الفكري) لتعزيز الأمن في المجتمع في اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية في ظل التحديات المعاصرة، وتحديد مدى انعكاس دور الأسرة الوقائي في تطبيق آليات الحماية من مخاطر استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي (كالاختراق والعنف والابتزاز والتنمر) في اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية (قبل حدوث الخطر، وبعد حدوثه)، والتعرف على أكثر العوامل المؤثرة في تفعيل الدور الوقائي للأسرة عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لتعزيز الأمن في المجتمع، اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي منهجًا لها، واعتُمدت الاستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات الأولية من مجتمع الدراسة المتمثل في مستخدمي وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في اليمن والمملكة العربية السعودية، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (382) مستجيبًا تم توزيع الاستبانة عليهم، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج أهمها: أن الأسرة تقوم بدورها الوقائي بمستوى متوسط، كما أن تأثير وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في تغيير الدور الاجتماعي للأسرة كان منخفضًا في البلدين، كما توصلت الدراسة إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية عند مستوى دلالة (5%) لمحاور الدراسة وأبعادها باستثناء وجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية في محور دور الأجهزة الأمنية التوعوي، وخلصت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات أبرزها: استهداف مؤثري وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي عبر مواقعهم الرسمية وتفعيل دورهم الاجتماعي، والعمل على خلق قنوات تواصل فعالة عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي بين الأجهزة الأمنية والأسرة لتعزيز الأمن في المجتمع.
طبيعة الدراسة في شهر رمضان في مدارس التعليم العام بالمملكة العربية السعودية (دراسة اثنوجرافية)
Authors: الجريفاني شهد ,   باحثة دكتوراه تخصص الفلسفة في القيادة التربوية، جامعة القصيم، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: July 2024

بعد 14 عاماً من آخر حضور للطلاب في المدارس برمضان، عادت الدراسة للفصل الدراسي الثالث لهذا العام 1443هـ. فقد استقبلت مدارس التعليم الطلاب وفق الأوقات والمواعيد المحددة للدراسة، ووفقاً لقواعد النظام المرن لليوم الدراسي، وتبعاً لضوابط وآليات محددة في بيئة تعليمية جاذبة، وتفعيل الأدوار التربوية على كافة الأصعدة لمواصلة رحلة التعليم للطلبة والطالبات بالشكل الأمثل. ولهذا جاءت الدراسة الحالية بهدف الكشف عن طبيعة الدراسة في رمضان من حيث آثارها على الطالب وعلى عملية تعلمه. ولأجل ذلك اعتمدت الباحثة على المنهج الاثنوجرافي، من خلال أداتين هما المقابلة لعينة من منسوبات التعليم وكذلك الملاحظة لبعض الطلاب، حيث بلغت عينة المقابلة (11) من منسوبات التعليم العام بمنطقة القصيم، في حين تمت ملاحظة (3) طالبات وزعن على المراحل الثلاث (الابتدائي، المتوسط، الثانوي). وقد خلصت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن أغلب المستجوبات يرين أن الدراسة في شهر رمضان لها تأثيرات سلبية كثيرة ترتبط بضعف التحصيل وقلة التركيز والانضباط، وذلك بسبب العادات المرتبطة بهذا الشهر، وأيضا هدر الزمن المدرسي بشكل كبير، هذا بالإضافة للتأثيرات الصحية البعدية على الطلاب بسبب قلة النوم وتغير الساعة البيولوجية من آلام العين والرأس. كما بينت الدراسة أن للدراسة في رمضان أيضا بعض الإيجابيات التي تتعلق باستغلال الوقت في التعلم وتنظيم الوقت وترك السلوكيات السلبية. إلا أنه تتفق أغلب عينة الدراسة (85%) على أن سلبيات الدراسة في رمضان على طلبة التعليم العام تفوق سلبياتها، كما أن الدراسة خلصت لمجموعة من التوصيات تتمثل في محاولة زحزحة العطل السنوية لتكون خلال شهر رمضان أكثر ما يمكن، وأيضا في حالة الدراسة فيه اعتماد التوقيت الصباحي للدراسة في رمضان، والتقليل من الأنشطة الرياضية والتي تتطلب جهدا بدنيا من طرف الطلاب.
Job Satisfaction and Employees’ Turnover Intentions (An Empirical Study of Universities in Saudi Arabia)
Authors: Koshak Aisha ,   MBA, Jeddah International College, Saudi Arabia, Almadni Nadin , Rajkhan Dana ,   Assistant professor, Tourism Department, Jeddah International College, Saudi Arabia,   Lecturer, Business Department, Jeddah International College, Saudi Arabia
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the connection between employees' intentions to turnover their jobs and their level of job satisfaction at Saudi Arabian universities. A valid and trustworthy questionnaire including aspects like pay, advancement, leadership quality, benefits, recognition, working conditions, and communication was used to gather data from 274 employees using a quantitative research approach. Software called SPSS-20 was used to examine the gathered data. The investigation of the significant effects of job satisfaction on turnover intentions was done using simple regression analysis. There was a notably positive correlation found between the variables under investigation. According to the data, the main factors influencing increased turnover intentions are inadequate recognition, unfavourable working conditions, and little prospects for promotion. On the other hand, decreased turnover intentions were linked to leadership quality and job satisfaction. The study emphasizes how important job satisfaction is in determining how long employees stay in academic environments. In the context of Saudi Arabian universities, their findings are noteworthy because they offer information that can guide the development of staff well-being and turnover rate reduction strategies. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional methodology of the study and its concentration on a particular regional context limit it, indicating the need for additional research to generalize these findings over time and in diverse settings. To further our understanding of the relationships between job satisfaction and turnover intentions, future research should examine longitudinal trends, integrate qualitative methodologies, and consider larger demographic and cultural aspects.
Ser Capitán de un Equipo
Authors: Martens Steven
Published: July 2024

La Copa Davis y la Fed Cup son indudablemente las competiciones por equipos más renombradas en el tenis y se remontan muchos años en la historia de este deporte. Otros eventos por equipos de nivel internacional incluyen la Copa Davis y la Fed Cup Juniors y las competiciones nacionales de clubes. Este artículo es un resumen personal de lo que necesita un capitán de equipo dentro del entorno de competición por equipos de la ITF. Resumiré los roles clave y cómo los mismos han cambiado a través de los años.
Análisis de la Estrategia y las Tácticas en el Tenis
Authors: Over Scott , O´Donoughue Peter
Published: July 2024

Este artículo es una revisión de los estudios previos relacionados con las tácticas y las estrategias del tenis y una visión de las tendencias y observaciones actuales dentro del juego profesional moderno. El análisis de rendimiento que se analiza en este trabajo se centra en el análisis táctico. Trataremos de comentar, en primer lugar, la naturaleza de la táctica y la estrategia en el deporte antes de pasar al análisis táctico en el tenis.
Marco Competitivo para los Menores de 10 Años en Bélgica
Authors: Declercq Line
Published: July 2024

La Federación Flamenca de Tenis (VTV) ha dado varios pasos para crear una competición exitosa que se adapte a todos los niveles de los jugadores menores de 10 años. La competición se supervisa de cerca para hacer las mejoras posibles cuando sea necesario. Gracias a ello, el número de niños que participa en lad competiciones ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años.
Ayudar a los Niños a Aprender las Reglas y a Llevar el Puntaje
Authors: Procter Sandi
Published: July 2024

“Sacar, pelotear y jugar puntos”. Este artículo comenta cómo se aprende a llevar el puntaje y las reglas necesarias para sacar y pelotear llegando a una comprensión total de dichas reglas y puntaje en el tenis.
Aspectos Psicológicos a Tener en Cuenta Cuando se Trabaja con Tenistas Menores de 10 Años
Authors: Crespo Miguel
Published: July 2024

La mayoría de los menores de 10 años juega al tenis porque les gusta el deporte. Los entrenadores y los padres tienen la responsabilidad de proporcionarles el clima correcto para que mantengan su entusiasmo por el tenis durante toda la vida. Para ello, es necesario tener en cuenta una serie de asuntos psicológicos. Este artículo describe las características psicológicas generales de los tenistas menores de 10 años y algunos aspectos que deben desarrollarse durante ese período.
Formatos de Competición y Consideraciones para los Jugadores Menores de 10 Años
Authors: Tennant Mark
Published: July 2024

Este artículo presenta una serie de consideraciones clave para que la competición de los menores de 10 años sea una experiencia positiva y gratificante.
Pharmacological and Phytochemical Activity of Luffa cylindrica - A Review
Authors: P V Rahul , Shenoy M Ashoka
Published: July 2024

Luffa cylindrica, commonly referred to as sponge gourd or Loofa, is a versatile plant species with a rich pharmacological profile and diverse chemical constituents. This review delves into its extensive therapeutic potential, encompassing a wide range of actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, wound healing, uterotonic, anti-emetic, sedative, and anti-epileptic properties. Its bioactive compounds, including triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, and peptides, are distributed across different parts of the plant, including the fruits, leaves, and seeds. Originating in sub-tropical regions, L. cylindrica is primarily cultivated in countries such as China, India, and Central America. Its significant traditional uses in folk medicine for treating various ailments further underscore its medicinal importance and potential for modern therapeutic applications. The plant's pharmacological richness, coupled with its wide distribution and traditional medicinal uses, positions Luffa cylindrica as a promising candidate for further exploration in drug discovery and healthcare product development. With ongoing research into its bioactive compounds and mechanisms of action, there is potential for the identification of novel therapeutic agents. Additionally, advancements in cultivation techniques and processing methods may facilitate the development of innovative pharmaceutical formulations and natural remedies. Overall, L. cylindrica represents a valuable botanical resource with vast therapeutic potential and implications for both traditional and modern medicine.

Keywords: Luffa cylindrica, Pharmacological action, Phytochemical constituents, Distribution.
A Study of Skill Development Program in India with Special Reference to Rural India
Authors: Kumari Anupma
Published: July 2024

With a population size of over 1.2 billion, India is considered one of the fastest-growing countries in the world. Its working-age population is expected to grow significantly by 2030. This demographic dividend could provide India with an advantage over affluent countries in the future, but "this should not be taken for granted because" the majority of the working populations are still unemployed. If the majority of the working-age population continues to be unemployed due to a lack of skills, the demographic dividend may quickly turn into a disaster. Therefore, considering the unemployment scenario in the country and the need for a skilled workforce as required by the different industries, it is imperative to work to create a method to produce a skilled workforce so that it can be absorbed by the industry. This method to produce a skilled workforce is termed a skill development program launched through National Skill Development Policy in 2009. In this study we have investigated the implementation of skill development program in the Indian with special reference to rural India by analyzing secondary data, which has been collected from the different government reports and literature review. Saran district of Bihar is taken as a case study which acts as a proxy for the rural India. The study revealed that Skill development training center in rural India are skewed towards a particular industry. The majority of the Skill development training centers in the district are oriented to IT education. There is a mismatch between the industrial requirement and the outcome of the training center in the country. In order to meet the industrial need for trained labor, district needs to expand its training infrastructure as per their actual requirement.

Keywords: Skill Development, Rural India, Domain Skill
The Role of Fintech and Its Influence on Transforming Retailers from Informal Financial Sector to Formal Financial Sector
Authors: D Harish , Vennila R. , Kumar H B Rajith
Published: July 2024

The rapid advancement of financial technology (fintech) is playing a pivotal role in transforming retailers from the informal financial sector to the formal financial sector. This paper explores the transformative role of financial technology (fintech) in promoting financial inclusion among retailers, particularly those operating within the informal financial sector. The study highlights key fintech innovations such as mobile payments, digital wallets, online banking, microfinancing platforms, Point-of-Sale (POS) systems, and digital bookkeeping. These technologies provide enhanced access to credit and financial services, improve transparency and record-keeping, reduce transaction costs, increase operational efficiency, and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. The research emphasizes the significant impact of fintech on business operations and growth for retailers, fostering a shift from informal to formal financial sectors and contributing to long-term economic growth and stability. The study also identifies challenges and barriers to fintech adoption, including technological literacy, initial investment costs, regulatory compliance, and trust and security concerns. Policy recommendations include stronger government and regulatory support for fintech adoption, targeted financial literacy and education programs, incentives for informal retailers to transition to the formal sector, and the establishment of public-private partnerships to foster innovation. By addressing these challenges and implementing supportive policies, fintech can drive financial inclusion and economic development among retailers.

Keywords: Fintech, Retailers, Financial Inclusion, Informal Financial Sector, Mobile Payments, Digital Wallets, Online Banking, Microfinancing Platforms, Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems, Digital Bookkeeping.
Relationship between Consumption of Vitamin D Food Sources, Sun Exposure, and Consumption of Vitamin D Supplements with Intrauterine Growth Restriction at Airlangga University Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Putri Ariadwianto Thirza Alifia , Fatmaningrum Widati , Ilham Aldika Akbar Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Background: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is defined as a condition when fetus experiences poor growth during the pregnancy due to pathological factors, namely placental dysfunction. One of the causes of several risk factors for IUGR such as maternal diseases, namely diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia, is Vitamin D deficiency.
Objective: To study the relationship between the consumption of Vitamin D food sources, sun exposure, and consumption of Vitamin D supplement in pregnant woman with Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) at Airlangga University hospital in Surabaya.
Method: This analytic study with case control design was conducted on pregnant woman who delivered baby at the delivery room in Airlangga University hospital in 2021 to 2023, using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). 44 women were included in case and control group. The data was later analysed with SPSS application. P-value < 0.05 is considered significant.
Results: The result showed in the case group with IUGR, the Vitamin D food sources consumption was higher than the control group without IUGR. Therefore, there is no relationship between Vitamin D food sources consumption with IUGR (P > 0.05). Meanwhile in the control group without IUGR, the sun exposure and Vitamin D supplement consumption were higher than the case group with IUGR. Hence, there is relationship between Sun exposure and Vitamin D supplement consumption with IUGR (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The result showed that the strategies of collecting the Vitamin D dietary is not effective and not recommended to study the relationship of Vitamin D food sources consumption with IUGR. More study or research need to be conducted.

Keywords: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), Pregnancy, Vitamin D food sources consumption, Sun Exposure, Vitamin D supplement consumption
Profile Hemodynamic and Use Vasoactive Drugs in Critical Sepsis Patients in the Inpatient Unit of RSUD Dr. Soetomo Period 1 February - 31 March 2023
Authors: Putri Adella Sabita , Pujo Semedi Bambang , Suryawan I Gde Rurus
Published: July 2024

Background: Patients in critical condition often require intensive care, including ventilatory support, organ/system function assistance, and the administration of vasoactive drugs. Sepsis, a severe and potentially fatal condition marked by organ dysfunction, occurs when the body's response to infection becomes uncontrolled. Vasoactive drugs, which include vasopressors and inotropes, are commonly used in these patients to improve hemodynamic stability and ensure adequate blood flow to organs.
Objective: To understand the profile hemodynamic and use vasoactive drugs in critical sepsis patients in the inpatient unit of RSUD Dr. Soetomo period 1 February – 31 March 2023.
Method: The research was conducted prospectively on sepsis patients who used vasoactive drugs in the period 1 February 2023 – 31 March 2023 at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. All data is collected from medical records, sampling is carried out using the Accidental Sampling technique by taking demographic data and clinical data of patients, the use of vasoactive drugs in critical septic patients and recording the results of medical records that will be recorded.
Results: Overall, 65 patients were included in this study (52.31% female and 47.69% male). The most commonly used vasoactive drug was norepinephrine at 64.62%, and the combination of norepinephrine and vasopressin was used in 16.90% of cases.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that the use of vasoactive drugs is a crucial component in the resuscitation of septic shock patients, involving the administration of vasopressor medications and intravenous fluids. This approach aims to achieve the desired hemodynamic stability in septic shock patients experiencing severe hypotension. Norepinephrine was the most commonly used vasoactive drug at Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital in Surabaya.

Keywords: Sepsis, critical patients, hemodynamics, vasoactive drugs
Correlation Between Anxiety Level and Compliance with Health Protocol in Medical Faculty Students 3 Years After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kadullah Yahya Ayyash , Dyah Sitawati Andini , . Sulistiawati
Published: July 2024

Background: Face-to-face learning after the COVID-19 pandemic with the requirement of implementing health protocols tends to make students vulnerable to experiencing psychological problems such as anxiety. Anxiety is a basic human emotion consisting of fear and uncertainty and usually occurs when an individual believes that the event is a threat to self or self-esteem.
Objective: To determine the correlation between anxiety levels and compliance with health protocols among students from the Faculty of Medicine, Medical Study Program Class of 2021, Airlangga University after 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Survey using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Health Protocol Compliance questionnaire which was distributed online via Google Form.
Results: The level of anxiety that most students experience is mild anxiety (60,8%). Regarding gender, female students’ anxiety levels in all categories are higher than male students, where levels of mild, moderate, and severe anxiety in female students are (60,6%, 76,47%, and 100%). It was found that (59,49%) of students did not comply with the implementation of health protocols 3 years after the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the chi-square statistical test showed a significant relationship between anxiety levels and compliance with the implementation of health protocols with a p-value of 0,008.
Conclusion: The anxiety level of the majority of students from the Faculty of Medicine in Surabaya is mild anxiety. Most of the students from the Faculty of Medicine in Surabaya do not comply with implementing health protocols.

Keywords: Anxiety, pandemic, COVID-19, students, health protocols
An Improved approach for Creating and Validating a Bioanalytical Method to Quantify Baloxavir Marboxil in Human Plasma using LC-API-MS/MS
Authors: Gandhi Bonthu Mohan , Babu G.Raveendra , Raju Vatchavai Bhaskara , Korukola Nirmala , Pavani Gayatri Alluri
Published: July 2024

This study describes a new method for accurately measuring baloxavir marboxil (BXM) in human plasma using LC-API-MS/MS. We employed baloxavir marboxil d4 as an internal standard for precise quantification. BXM and the internal standard were isolated from plasma using tert-butyl methyl ether (TBME) extraction. The LC system separated BXM and the internal standard on a Zorbax SB C18column, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detected them with minimal interference from human plasma components. The method showed excellent linearity (R²≥0.9956) across a wide concentration range (10.610–1229.080ng/mL). BXM stability was evaluated under various conditions, including room temperature, injector storage, freeze-thaw cycles, and long-term storage at -70°C. The method was validated according to USFDA guidelines, demonstrating its effectiveness for quantifying BXM in human plasma for pharmacokinetic studies.
The ethanol extract of Eleutherine americana Merr. inhibited NF-κB and cyclin D1 expression in melanoma cell line A375.S2
Authors: Fatmawati Nur Khoma , Rachmi Eva , G. Sadono Elfina
Published: July 2024

Melanoma is a type of cancer derived from melanocytes, and the incidence and mortality are predicted to increase. Melanoma therapy faces various challenges, especially primary and secondary resistance, highlighting the need for alternative chemotherapy that is suitable for each case characteristic. Eleutherine americana Merr. has been found to have a potential cytotoxic effect on melanoma cells. However, its target of action was not yet known. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by exploring the ethanol extract of Eleutherine americana Mer (EEEA)'s ability to inhibit NF-κB and cyclin D1 expression and attempted to predict its target of action. Three different concentrations of EEEA were tested on the A375.S2 melanoma cell line. NF-κB and cyclin D1 expression was observed semiquantitatively through immune histochemical staining with primary antibody anti-NF-κB/p65 or anti-cyclin D1. The RNA helicase DDX5/p68 which was predicted to be the target of EEEA was tested in silico. EEEA significantly decreased NF-κB/p65 and cyclin D1 expression at concentrations of 25 and 50µg/ml. Twelve EEEA secondary metabolites were predicted to have strong energy-binding with ATP/ADP-binding pocket and RNA-binding pocket of DDX5/p68. The EEEA’s secondary metabolites with the strongest binding energy in ATP/ADP-binding pocket DDX5/p68 were eleuthoside B, eleutherinoside A, and eleutherinoside D, while in RNA-binding pocket were eleutherinoside-E, eleutherinoside-D, eleutherinoside-B, and eleutherinoside-C. Therefore, EEEA potentially inhibits the progression of melanoma, especially if overexpressing cyclin D1, NF-κB, and DDX5/p68.
Clinical Management of Type II DM in patients Showing Progressive Increase in the Creatinine Level – A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mohapatra Prabhudatta , Madhab Kar Durga , Rath Karmajeet , Pal Abhisek
Published: July 2024

Objective: The current study focuses on the most effective selective combination of SGLT2 inhibitor and DPP4 inhibitor as first-line therapy in Type II DM with renal disease when metformin is removed from the treatment regimen, with reference to urea and creatinine levels. Methods: This is a Cross-sectional study in which diabetic kidney disease subjects are involved. They are on the follow-up of treatment in which FBS, PPBS, and HbA1C are monitored through a focus on urea and creatinine levels, whereas the lipid profile is also considered. A limited class of antidiabetic drugs is given to the patients. Result: While monitoring the gender group, males are more prone to diabetic kidney disease than females. By using fixed treatment by sulfonylureas, SGLT2 inhibitors, and DPP4 inhibitors, our expected outcomes based on the combination of SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors show a significant change in glycemic index with addition to urea and creatinine levels, but there is no significant evidence of lipid profile changes. If considering the level of creatinine that didn’t show the significant change (p value of .637) from visit 1 to visit 2 but it shows significant (p value of .000) difference in visit 1 to visit 3. There is also significant change in male as well as female (p value of .000) in visit 1 to visit 3 respectively. If considering Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) level of male and female, then male (p value of .000) shows significant change as well as female (p value of .011) also have significant change between visit 1 and 3. Conclusions: SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP4 inhibitors are safer drugs that are preferable to metformin in diabetic kidney disease. But monotherapy drugs may not have given the expected result. The gender-based study needs to complete the sex-specific therapy.
Naringi crenulata leaf extract alleviates Beta Amyloid Protein Induced Alzheimers disease in mice
Authors: Kuruvella Sravanthi , Reddy Yellu Narsimha
Published: July 2024

Oxidative stress is involved in Alzheimers disease(AD)-type neurodegeneration with cognitive impairment, as well as age-related cognitive loss. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Naringi crenulata leaf extract (NCLE) on cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress in the hippocampus in a mouse model of beta-amyloid-induced AD. The animals were given NCLE at two different doses (50mg/kg and 100mg/kg, orally) for 21 days. On the day 15th receiving intracerebroventricular-amyloid beta peptide25-35 injection (3mg/kg; single dose). Y maze and morris water maze paradigms were used to examine behavioural changes on the day 22. On the 22nd day, mice were sacrificed to measure malonaldehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) in mouse brain tissues. The enhancement of habituation memory and the step-down inhibitory memory in the experimental animals. Pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were decreased and anti-inflammatory cytokines were enhanced. The study implies that NCLE can protect against cognitive impairments and oxidative stress caused by amyloid beta, and that it could be employed as a adjunct therapy in the treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Alzheimers.
Study the Stability of Pharmaceutical eye drop composed of Chloramphenicol and Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate stored in non-recommended ‎conditions
Authors: Nouman Micheal
Published: July 2024

The pharmaceutical formulation stability of drug during its entire shelf life is an important matter and it is affected by many factors, one of the most important of these factors is the environmental conditions encountered during transport, storage and use. As know, the electricity access in developing countries might be a problem and the outage power may impact the stability of refrigerated pharmaceutical products. Aims: The aim of this study is to measured chemical and physical stability of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and chloramphenicol eye drops, commercially marketed as Dexachlor, stored at room temperature while the recommended condition storage is between (2-8C°). Results: After70 days of analyzing the samples, stability study revealed that storing Dexachlor‎eye drops ‎at 25°C does not produce any statistical difference regarding drug content, pH and clarity compared to refrigerated samples. Conclusion: Storing dexamethasone sodium phosphate and chloramphenicol eye drops at room temperature for up to 70 days appears to have no effect on the stability of this pharmaceutical product.
Association of CYP3A4, GSTT1 and GSTM1 Gene Polymorphisms in early prediction of Gastritis in Choleric Temperament as per Unani Philosophy in Indian population
Authors: Pallapolu Priyanka , Kuna Lahari , Chakraborty Alokananda , Javed Ghazala , Ali Khan Asim
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Gastritis, often known as hyperacidity, is a prevalent issue among many people. In Unani Medicine, the disorders associated with stomach (Amraze Meda) are thoroughly documented and it is associated with the Choleric temperament. Oxidative stress is a significant factor to the onset of several gastrointestinal disorders. In the present research CYP3A4 and GST genetic polymorphisms are assessed in gastritis patients with Safrawi (Choleric) temperament. Materials and methods: A total of 200 subjects of which 100 gastritis patients and 100 control subjects with Safrawi (Choleric) temperament were recruited. DNA was isolated and analyzed for CYP3A4 and GST genetic polymorphisms by PCR and RFLP methods. Results: CYP3A4 CC genotype, GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes were predominantly associated with gastritis risk in Safrawi (Choleric) temperament subjects with p<0.001. CYP3A4 recessive model (OR=3.27, 95% CI 1.02-10.52, p < 0.033) was significantly associated with disease susceptibility. In combined analysis CYP3A4 –TT and GST Null (-) were significantly allied with 5.68-fold risk CYP3A4 –TT and GSTT1 Null (-) were significantly allied with 5.68-fold risk whereas CYP3A4 –TT, TC, CC and GSTM1 Null (-) showed significant association with 18.81, 11.68 and 15.57folds risk to develop gastritis. In haplotype analysis, T-GSTT1 (-) -GSTM1 (-), T-GSTT1 (+)-GSTM1 (-) and C-GSTT1 (-)-GSTM1 (-) haplotypes showed significant association with increased risk towards disease susceptibility, corroborating the hypothesis that these SNPs serve a stimulatory role in illness development in Safrawi (Choleric) temperament. Discussion and conclusion: Proper diet and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent gastritis in its early stages. CYP3A4 (TC and CC), GSTT1null and GSTM1null genotypes appear to enhance the risk of gastritis in Safrawi (Choleric) temperament individuals. To reduce illness propensity and reverse pathogenic processes, early diagnosis of these genetic variations is necessary.
Formulation and Evaluation of Curcumin, Honey and Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial and Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Pai Ananya , Nayak Prashant , K B Sukesh , Amin Shivakiran , Avinash Avinash , Kumar Abhishek
Published: July 2024

Restoring the skin and tissue after an injury is a dynamic and complex process called wound healing. Several factors could influence how well a wound heals, including, oxygenation, sex, age, nutrition, hormones, drugs, diabetes, eating habits, smoking, and alcoholism. Nanotechnology is on the verge of offering a range of innovative technologies and methods that would revolutionize the medical and pharmaceutical sectors. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antibacterial and wound healing of curcumin, honey, hydrogel embedded silver nanoparticles in an experimental animal rat. Formulations F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 of Silver nanoparticles embedded hydrogels were prepared and were subjected for characterization using UV Spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). SEM clearly showed the presence of synthesized nanoparticles. F2 formulation showed the maximum zone of inhibition which is a clear indication of antibacterialactivity. Formulation F2 was found to be very good as compared to all other formulation. All the evaluation parameters showed good activity but formulation F2 was found to be the optimum and a very good antimicrobial agent. In the rat model silver nanoparticles “hydrogel” was more successful in burn wound healing than the commercially available brand of Silver sulfadiazine gel which was taken as standard.
Efficacy of Spermococe Hispida Oil preparation against Scalp Yeast and Bacterial Infections
Authors: P Keerthana , Sree N Nantha , G Vishaka , G Sridevi. , S Savitri. , M Bhavani. , V Rajalaxmi.
Published: July 2024

Spermacoce hispida L (Rubiaceae) commonly called Nattai Choori in Tamil has been utilized in common folk medicine. This study conducted an extraction and antibacterial analysis of crude Spermacoce hispida seed (SHS) oil. In a Soxhlet device, the dried and powdered plant material of Spermacoce hispida was heated for extraction using methanol for 48 hours and concentrated in a rotatory evaporator. Preparation of SHS Gel was done by stirring (150 RPM) with paraffin and olive oils in equal concentrations for 5 min to obtain a homogenous transparent mixture. Methanolic extract of SHS was added to the mixture at a concentration of 0.1% w/w. The antibacterial properties of the SHS oil extract were tested against Candida albicans, E. Coli, Streptococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Throughout the test extracts investigated for their antifungal action, fluconazole was the reference medication, whereas ciprofloxacin was employed for the antibacterial experiments. The findings demonstrated that the SHS oil had significantly higher effectiveness against the investigated bacterial and fungal species. Thus SHS gel can be better product for antibacterial treatment and anti-fungal treatment against candida albicans and can also be incorporated in the preparation of any other novel antifungal formulation for treatment of scalp yeast infections.
Isolation, Production of Protease, and Antimicrobial Activities from Marine Sediment Gamma - Proteobacteria of MBS-L3 Isolate
Authors: Natsir Hasnah , Ahmad Ahyar , Massi Nasrum , Taba Paulina , Anita Anita , Rauf Wahyudin
Published: July 2024

Protease is an enzyme that hydrolyses peptide bonds in amino acid residues of proteins and is essential for many metabolic processes. However, in the development of biotechnology, proteolytic enzymes play an important role in various industrial processes, including in the detergent, leather, textile, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Marine sediment ecosystems provide a diversity of microorganisms with the ability to produce the extracellular proteolytic enzyme. Compared to other varieties, marine bacteria are a more profitable and easier-to-produce source of protease because they are unique, specific, and resistant to salinity, temperature, light, and extreme environments. This research aims to isolate and characterize protease-marine sediment bacteria as an antimicrobial application. Samples were collected from marine sediments in Losari Coastal, Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and isolated bacteria were subjected to primary and secondary screening to select potential protease producers. The isolated bacteria were identified using macroscopy, microscopy, and gene sequencing (16S rRNA). The extracellular protease enzyme will be continued for antimicrobial applications. Based on the results, proteolytic MBS-L3 isolate obtained from marine sediments are capable of hydrolysing skim milk and casein substrates at 40oC. Next, the MBS-L3 isolate was identified as a round colony with a scalloped margin, a smooth, convex shape, and bacilli or rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria. Molecular characterization revealed that the MBS-L3 isolate has 98.893% identity to Vibrio alginolyticus strain NRBC 15630. The extracellular protease of the MBS-L3 isolate was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922 and against Escherichia coli ATCC 25923. According to these findings, proteolytic MBS-L3 isolates from marine sediments provide potential opportunities for new drugs for commercial use in the fields of medicine, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation of Rivaroxaban in Pharmaceutical Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Bhatkar Tushar , Burakle Pramod , Ajmire Prashant , Jawarkar Rahul , Khatale Pravin , Taywade Ekant
Published: July 2024

For the detection of Rivaroxaban in Pharmaceutical Tablet dosage form, a straightforward, rapid, highly selective, accurate, and exact reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) approach was designed and validated. The Adamas C8, (150 4.6mm, 5µm) column was used for the development, and the oven temperature used was 30°C. A 60:40% (v/v) combination of acetonitrile and water made up the solvent reservoir mobile phase. With a DAD detector, the flow rate was 1.0 ml per minute, and the wavelength was 253nm. The run time was limited to five minutes. Using EZ Chrome software, the separation was performed using an Agilent 1100 series HPLC. Rivaroxaban's retention period was measured at 3.680 minutes. According to ICH Q2 R1 recommendations, the method was validated in terms of parameters including linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and robustness. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9998, the linearity was in the 10–50µg/ml range. Less than 2% was discovered to be the accuracy's relative standard deviation. The average recovery rate ranged from 100.12% to 101.58%. Limits of quantification and detection were discovered to be 0.3µg/ml and 1.0µg/ml, respectively. The suggested method for determining the dosage of Rivaroxaban in tablet form was successfully established.
The Effect of Green Accounting Implementation, Environmental Performance, and Sustainability Growth on Financial Reporting Quality with Profitability as A Moderating Variable
Authors: Herny H. , Herawaty Vinola
Published: July 2024

The non-climatic sector is a sector that is directly related to nature, so the activities carried out will have an impact on the sustainability of the surrounding environment. If natural and environmental factors are appropriately considered, it will impact the quality of financial reporting. This study aims to test and analyze the Effect of green accounting, environmental performance, and sustainability growth on financial reporting quality with Profitability as the control variable in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2021 - 2023. From the research conducted, it was found that green accounting does not affect the quality of financial reporting, environmental performance affects the quality of financial reporting, sustainability growth has no effect on the quality of financial reporting, and Profitability affects the quality of financial reporting.
The Influence of Liquidity and Sales Growth on Capital Structure in Manufacturing Companies on The Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Pratiwi Ar Dhita , Nurfadilah N. , Ramlah R. , Lawalata Izzac L.D , Panus P.
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of liquidity and sales growth on capital structure. The research population is food and beverage manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2017 - 2021. The research sample was six companies. Data was analyzed using linear regression and processed using the IBM SPSS 25 program. The results showed that the partial Current Ratio negatively and significantly affects the Equity Ratio. Meanwhile, sales growth has no significant impact on Debt-to-equity Ratios in food and beverage companies.
Strengthening Human Resources, Infrastructure, and Services on the Performance of Wosu Community Health Center Employees, West Bungku District, Morowali Regency
Authors: Fatmala Ririn , AC Ahmad , Rizal Samsul
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of resources on employee performance at the Wosu Community Health Center UPTD, West Bungku District, Morowali Regency. Infrastructure for Employee Performance at UPTD Wosu Health Center, West Bungku District, Morowali Regency, and Services for Employee Performance at UPTD Wosu Health Center, West Bungku District, Morowali Regency. According to Nabawi (2019), employee performance achievements are the result of work in carrying out tasks assigned by the work unit organization. Alternatively, the quality and quantity performance achieved by an employee in carrying out his duties by the responsibilities given to him (Fitri Handayani et al., 202). So, indicators of a person's performance achievements are determined based on norms, standard operating procedures, criteria, and functions that have been determined or are in force (Wijaya, 2017). This type of research is descriptive with a quantitative approach using a questionnaire as a source of data collection. This research uses an explanatory research method using multiple linear analysis techniques. The results of the research show that: 1. Human Resources have a positive and significant effect on employee performance; this shows that the presence of good and quality human resources can improve employee performance; 2. Infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, which shows that the availability of complete Infrastructure can encourage improving employee performance. 3. Service has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; this shows that providing good service can influence the quality of service received by patients, which is an effective strategy for improving the performance of employees who are satisfied with their performance.
Sustainability Analysis of Carocok Painan Beach Area Management in Pesisir Selatan Regency
Authors: Gushendrio Ricki , Mansyur Umar , Mujio M.
Published: July 2024

The Carocok Beach tourist area has tourism potential that can be developed because it is located on the coast and is easily accessible and close to the center of Painan city. This tourist area needs to consider its sustainability so that the next generation can enjoy it. The aim of this research is to analyze the sustainability status of the Carocok Painan Beach Area. The research method is qualitative and quantitative with the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis technique with the Rapid Appraisal Index Rap-fish modified into Rap-ecotourism. The sustainability status of the Carocok Painan Beach tourist area is included in the quite sustainable category with an average index value of 57.37. The index values for the 5 dimensions are the ecological dimension quite sustainable (56.16), the economic dimension quite sustainable (51.29), the social dimension quite sustainable (54.63), the infrastructure dimension quite sustainable (63.01), and the laws and institutions are quite sustainable (61.76).