bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Combination of Vitamin K2 and Genistein, Coumestrol and Daidzein on the Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Matrix Formation
Authors: Karieb Sahar S. , Jawad Mohammed M. , Al-Shmgani Hanady S. , Kadri Zahraa H.M.
Published: November 2021

Multiple studies have been reported the stimulatory effect of the combinations of nutrients factors on bone formation. One such factor is vitamin K2 which can be associated with bone protective activities. The effect of vitamin K2 alone and in combination with genistein, coumestrol and daidzein on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were tested. Significantly, vitamin K2 increased bone mineralization in combination with genistein (10-5M), coumestrol (10-7M) and daidzein (10-5M). However, there is no additive effect of this vitamin on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels in osteoblasts. By contrast, vitamin K2 enhanced the stimulatory effect of type I collagen and osteocalcin expression. Vitamin K2 alone increased RUNX and OSX expression while there is no synergistic effect with tested compound; this vitamin also did not modulate nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/ osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio expression. These results suggested that vitamin K2 can be more effective factor in the presence of phytoestrogens on the improvement of bone formation after menopause.
TGF-β1 Gene Polymorphism in Codon 10 +869*C/T and Codon 25 +915*G/C Positions in Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hussein Ihsan A.
Published: November 2021

This study included 50 blood samples that were collected from patients with age ranged between 35-65 years. Thirty samples were collected from patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), while 20 blood samples were collected from healthy individuals as a control sample. The polymorphism results of TGF-β1 gene in codon 10: +869*C/T position by using amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) showed that the T allele was suggested to have a protective effect, while C allele was associated with an increased risk of T2DM. The TT and CT were suggested to have a protective effect, while CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of T2DM. The polymorphism results of TGF-β1 gene in codon 25: +915*G/C position in samples showed that the G allele was suggested to have a protective effect, while C allele was associated with an increased risk of T2DM. The GC genotype was suggested to have a protective effect, while GG and CC genotypes were associated with an increased risk of T2DM.
Frequency of Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus among Patients with Acute Diarrhea by Chromatographic Immunoassay and Enzyme
Authors: Al-Shuwaikh Arwa Mujahid Abdullah
Published: November 2021

Diarrhea is a major cause of illness and death in children worldwide; however, little information exists about the origin of childhood diarrhea in Iraq. Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus are the major causes of sever gastroenteritis in infant and young children, pattern also observed in adult. Confirmation of viral infection by laboratory testing is necessary for reliable surveillance and can be useful in clinical settings to avoid inappropriate use of antimicrobial therapy. Methods: A total of 188 patients their age range from 1-19 (Mean=5.57 ± S.D. = 4.81) years old suffering from diarrhea were included in this study. Stool samples were collected and tested for Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus antigens by using the rapid chromatographic test and for Rotavirus and Adenovirus Antigens, ELISA also was done. Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus antigens were determined by rapid chromatographic immunoassay in 27 specimens (14.36%), 0 (0%) and 0 (0%) of 188 frozen stool specimens, respectively. Moreover, of these 188 specimens, Rotavirus was found in 35 specimens (18.62%) and Adenovirus in 6 specimens (3.19 %) by using ELISA technique. The present results revealed that Rotaviruses and Adenoviruses have an important role in diarrhea among children especially those less than 5 year’s old and viral pathogens should be investigated routinely in diarrhea stool specimens. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of Rotavirus, Adenovirus and Astrovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis admitted to Al-Emamain Al-Kadhemain Medical City Hospital in Baghdad-Iraq.
عزل وتشخيص بكتريا Listeria monocytogenes من المثلجات اللبنية المتواجدة في اسواق مدينة بغداد
Authors: AL-Musawi AdilTurkei , Abu-ALmaaly Raafat A. , Kareem Haider
Published: November 2021

اجريت هذه الدراسة للتحري عن مدى تلوث المثلجات اللبنية المتواجدة في أسواق مدينة بغداد ببكتريا Listeria monocyogenes (L.)   من خلال فحص 50 عينة منها ( محلية ومستوردة) خلال شهري تموز وآب لسنة 2015، شخصت مبدئياً بطريقة التخطيط على وسط آكار PALCAM (Polymyxin Acriflavin Lethium Chloride Ceftazidime  Aesculin Mannitol Agar)   وهو من الأوساط الصباغية الانتقائية التفريقية لبكتريا L. monocyogenes. شخصت العزلات لتأكيد عائديتها الى  L. monocyogenes تحديداً بالاعتماد على الصفات المظهرية والأختبارات الكيموحيوية التقليدية المتضمنة فحص الكاتليز والاوكسيديز وفحص الحركة  وفحص تحلل الدم، فضلاً عن إستعمال تقنيات تشخيصية حديثة تمثلت بكل من API Lesteria KIT والمتكون من 10 اختبارات كيميوحيوية وتقنية CLEARVIEWTM التي تعتمد على تفاعل الأضداد في هذه البكتريا وخصوصاً flagella antigen كاحدى الطرائق المتقدمة في الكشف عنها. أظهرت النتائج تواجد بكتريا  L. monocyogenes بنسبة  6% في المثلجات المحلية المغلفة وغير المغلفة بطرائق العزل والتشخيص التقليدية، في حين بلغت نسبة عائديتها 4 % في نفس المنتجات عند إستعمال تقنيتي  API Lesteria KIT و CLEARVIEWTM ، كما خلت هذه البكتريا من المثلجات المستوردة بالطرائق المشار إليها.
Optimum Conditions for Phenol Oxidase (Laccase) Production from Azotobacter chroococcum by Submerged Fermentation
Authors: AL-Sa'ady Ali J. R. , Abbas Lamees M.R. , ALsalim Hutaf A.A.
Published: November 2021

Phenol oxidases (laccase), copper-containing oxidase enzymes, are found in many plants, fungi and microorganisms. Many factors that influence laccase production from Azotobacter chroococcum are determined in this study, these factors are: carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, incubation temperature and incubation period. The results showed that the best carbon and nitrogen sources for laccase production are sucrose and yeast extract respectively, and the best factors for laccase production conditions are pH 7.0 with an incubation period of 6 days at temperature 30 Cᵒ.
Sequencing of Gliotoxin Genes in Clinical and Environmental Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in Iraq
Authors: Abdulhadi Russel S. , Abdulbaqi Nemat J.
Published: November 2021

Gliotoxin is an important virulence factors in Aspergillus fumigatus. The biosynthesis of this mycotoxin is regulated and expressed by the presence of gliP genes. This study aimed to identify Aspergillus fumigatus isolates in clinical and environmental sources with glip genes using conventional PCR and sequence. To achieve this, DNA was isolated from twenty A. fumigatus isolates using commercial kit. The range of the DNA extracted was 65-210 ng/μl with a purity of 1.5-1.9. Species identification of the A. fumigatus isolates was achieved to a high specificity by using tailored primer. The results showed that all isolates had positive results to the primer and all isolates were able to produce gliotoxin. PCR detected the gliotoxin genes, glip in five isolates. The five PCR product samples were sent for sequence analysis and 25 µl (10 pmol) from the forward primer. The results of all the samples  indicated have a  single band of the desired product of gliP gene of A.fumigatus and the samples sent for sequencing related to molecular weight 190 bp.
Role of the Anesthetic Determine the Clonidine Effects Mediated by RVLM/-α2-Adrenoceptors on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Rats
Authors: Rashid Imad Hatim
Published: November 2021

To examine the hypothesis of a role for α2-adrenoceptors in mediating the mechanism of urethane hypotensive effect whether it's peripheral or central, Wistar rats were anesthetized with urethane or (for comparison) with halothane, to study the influence of urethane that govern the mechanism of central and peripheral α2-adrenoceptors action, on basal BP & HR, and the rise in blood pressure (BP) to the stimulation of caudal pressor area (CPA), when these receptors were either centrally activated by bilateral rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) microinjection of clonidine (30nM), and blockade with any of the clonidine antagonists, yohimbine (500pmol/50nl), and idazoxane (270nM) or yohimbine+idazoxane,  or when peripherally activated (of urethane anesthetized rats) by i.v. clonidine (100nmol/kg), which also blockade with idazoxane or yohimbine+idazoxane. The results indicated presence of no anesthetic differences in a partial involvement of α2-receptors-RVLM, vs. a complete involvement of I(1)-imidazole receptors in mediating the hypotensive effects of clonidine. It also indicates α2-/I(1)-receptors synergism in raising the urethane lowering of baseline of SBP to the levels of control or halothane group. In conclusion, the result suggests involvement both of the central and the peripheral α2-adrenoceptors in mediating urethane hypotensive effects.
Molecular Analysis of Touched DNA Samples Collected From Pistol Surfaces
Authors: Mahdi Asia Abdul Lateef , Sabbah Majeed Arsheed , Hussein Da'ad , Hameed Sura Nabeel , Hussein Aula
Published: November 2021

Molecular analysis of touch DNA samples from pistol surfaces is important for crime scene investigation. In this study touched samples were collected from different parts of pistol. DNA extracted and quantified using different methods, then analyzed by mtDNA sequencing and STR profiling. The results showed that pistol surfaces can be analyzed by mtDNA sequencing but not full STR profiled. These results indicated the need for improving DNA extraction and STR profile kits for analysis low DNA amount.
Study genetic diversity between trichophyton rubrum isolates using ISSR and RAPD markers
Authors: Mezher Milad A. , Mohammad Sanaa , Wahab Khalil , Salman Zainab , Rashid Suzan , Tuama Bilal
Published: November 2021

The present study included detection of genetic variability, and identification of genetic relationship and finding a fingerprint of the ten clinical isolates related to Trichophyton rubrum using RAPD and ISSR markers. The experiment was carried out and the results performed using six primer of the RAPD markers  these primers showed 239 amplified  band , out of  these band 90 of them was considered as a main band, and 149 was Polymorphic band , the largest number of bands was 30 in the isolate TR6  and less number of bands in the isolate TR7.   The results clear the value of genetic diversity based on RAPD analysis the lowest value of genetic diversity (0.13005) between the isolate TR3 and TR9while the highest genetic diversity (0.55941) was between the isolates TR5 and TR8. The analysis of the relationship shows that there are three main groups: the first group include isolate TR8, while the second group included three isolates are isolate TR2, isolate TR10 and isolates TR3, The third group included three subgroups included the first isolate TR1,isolates TR4 and second isolate TR3 and isolate TR9 and the third included the isolate TR5 and isolates TR6.The results of ISSR experiments: the use six a primers in the of the ISSR showed 192 bands, in the isolate  of Trichophyton rubrum, two of these primers showed monomorphic bands (in number and location) and six primers showed monomorphic and polymorphic bands, while one showed only polymorphic bands among Trichophyton rubrum isolates. And the largest number of bands was 24 in the TR5 and less number of bands 16 in isolate TR3 and isolate TR8 were finding DNA fingerprint to isolate TR1, isolate TR5, and isolate TR3.    The ISSR markers showed lowest genetic polymorphism was (0.05561) between the isolates TR2 and isolate TR7 and the largest genetic distance was (0.40501) between the isolate TR4 and isolate TR8. The analysis of the relationship of genetic showed that there are three groups key first included isolates and only one isolate TR8 and the second involving isolates TR2 and isolate TR7, isolate TR4 and isolate TR3, while the group included three sub-groups, the first included isolate TR1 and isolate TR6, and the second involving isolate TR5, isolate TR10 and isolate TR9. The results confirmed the efficiency markers of the RAPD and ISSR in contrast, find a genetic fingerprint to the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum, and these markers differ in mechanical detection contrast, and coverage is Genome. Therefore Complementary to each other, although the ISSR markers were more efficient in terms of the number of binding  sites in each type of the isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and so can the initiator of the discovery of a much larger area from  Genome.
In Vitro study for hesperidin nanoparticles effect on phagocytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ali Saja , Sulaiman Ghassan , Al-Halbosiy Mohammed M.
Published: November 2021

Hesperidin is one of the flavonoids from citrus peels and it recognized to possess various biological activities such as, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. The present investigation studies the immunological adjuvant influence of hesperidin nanoparticles. Hesperidin nanoparticles were prepared by nano-precipitation technique by using Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer and Poloxamer 407 was used as a stabilizer. This method was used because of their advantage of low setup cost and simplicity. Hesperidin nanoparticles were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis (PSA) analytical methods. The effect of hesperidin nanoparticles was higher than the effect of pure hesperidin, and there was an obvious increase in phagocytosis index (PI 82%) of hesperidin nanoparticles when compared with pure hesperidin (PI 56%) and in comparison with the control samples (PI 22%). In conclusion we need further studies about if nano-hesperidin has therapeutic effects.
Evaluating some biochemical parameters after repeated orally administration of levofloxacin in male rats
Authors: Al-Soufi Wael. F. , Al-Rekabi Falah Muosa Kadhim
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate some biochemical parameters of levofloxacin in male rats. It was carried out on fifty four of the albino male rats, they were divided into three main groups equally and orally dosed levofloxacin and assigned as, the first group was dosed with the therapeutic dose 7.5mg/kg/bw, the second group was dosed with the double therapeutic dose 15mg/kg/bw, the third group was dosed with distilled water (negative control). The three groups were divided into three subgroups equally according to dosing period of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 1 week after discontinuation of dosing. The results showed, there were significant P<0.05 increases in creatine kinase myocardial band of group 1 after 4 weeks of treatment and 1 week of levofloxacin withdrawal in comparison with control group, also there were significant P<0.05 increases in troponin-t of group 2 after 1 week of levofloxacin withdrawal in comparison with control group. While aspartate aminotransferase, total plasma protein, and creatinine levels showed significant P<0.05 increases and significant P<0.05 decreases in total plasma bilirubin level, but within normal limits, between experimental groups and control group. Whereas, there were no significant P>0.05 changes in blood urea nitrogen levels between the experimental groups. We concluded that levofloxacin revealed minor toxic effects on organs tissue and most of these effects were reversible.
Phytochemical content and the potential of Punica granatum peel extracts as radical scavengers and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
Authors: Malik Lateef A. , Ad’hiah Ali A. , Aziz Ghazi
Published: November 2021

Background: Natural products of herbal medicines and their secondary metabolites have been suggested to treat T2DM and they may have the potential as DPP-4 inhibitors.

Objective: This study was conducted to estimate the phytochemical content , radical scavenging activity (RSA) and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) relative inhibition activity (RIA) of different extracts of Punica granatum peel.

Material and Methods:  Fruit peel  of pomegranate plant Punica granatum were subjected to extraction with four solvents (distilled water(AQ), 80% methanol(ME), 80% acetone(AC) and a mixed solvent(MX) that included methanol, ethanol, acetone and n-butanol at  proportions (7:1:1:1), respectively. Yielded extracts were phytochemically analyzed for total polyphenols (TP) , flavonoids (TF) and HPLC analysis. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity (RSA) and DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) relative inhibition activity (RIA) were also assessed for each extract.

Results: The results showed that acetone solvent (AC) extract of fruit peel of Punica granatum recorded the highest content of TP and TF (159.9 ± 1.0 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g dry mass) and (7.6 ± 0.2 mg catechin equivalent/g dry mass, respectively) . Mixture extract (MX) was showed the highest antioxidant activity of (54.7 ± 0.9% RSA). While methanol extract (ME) recorded the highest DPP-4 RIA (47.1 ± 1.5%). HPLC analysis showed the presence of Gallic acid, Tannic acid, Ellagic acid and B carboxylic acid at concentrations of (94.61, 130.14, 528.46 and 159.64 ug/ml, respectively).   Conclusion: The importance of natural products as radical scavengers and DPP-4 inhibitors is encouraged, and such biological effects were dependent on the plant species and the solvent of extraction. Punica granatum mixture extract was suggested to have a prominent RSA, while methanol extraction of Punica granatum peels are recommended to be a target for investigations involved in the development of anti-T2DM and anti-cancer therapies.
Spectrophotometric determination of promethazine HCl in pure and dosage forms
Authors: Tagi Rawa M. , Al-Timimi Raad J. , Hassan Muna M. , Hamzah Mohammed J.
Published: November 2021

Background: The research is involved development a new spectrophotometric method based on the oxidative coupling reactions for determination of important phenothiazine drug which is promethazine HCl in pure solutions and local pharmaceutical preparations.

Materials and methods: The Standard promethazine HCl was treated with organic reagent of P-Chloroaniline as a coupling reagent in the presence of oxidizing agent Ammonium Cerric (IV) Sulphate, the reaction leads to the formation a blue –greenish color product that has a maximum absorption at 603nm.

Results: The variables of reaction conditions including optimum volumes of both reagent and oxidizing agent, acidity of the reaction medium, order of addition and stability time were studied. The obtained results of the purposed method shows that a Beer law is obeyed in the range of 7-40ppm with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9981. While the molar absorptivity (ξ) of 1.861x103 L.mol-1.cm-1, sandal sensitivity(s) of 0.172μg.cm-2, limit of detection (LOD) of 4.02ppm and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 13.39ppm were obtained. The developed method was compared with the standard method adopted by USP using F and t-tests and the results shows no significant deferent between both methods.

Conclusion: The analytical method was also applied successfully for pharmaceutical preparations containing promethazine HCl.
Studying the candida resistance and sensitivity for some antifungals
Authors: Hussein Humam S. , Dheeb Batol  I. , Hamada Thekra A.
Published: November 2021

Back ground: The current study included 150 samples from patients with Candida from a hospital of Medical City / education labs - Baghdad, and ranged in age from (10 – 65(years for both sexes, all isolates taken from different sources (Lower respiratory tract, Urine, Skin, Vaginal and Oral thrux), where the number of males (55(as a percentage (37%) while the number of females (95) as a percentage (63%).

The objective: The objectives of this study are studying resistance and sensitivity of candida spp to some antifungals.

Material and methods: All the required material which used for the study, and the direct examination was conducted using potassium hydroxide KOH 10%, As well as microscopic examination and laboratory transplantation for all samples, for the purpose of investigating the candidiasis. Also Vitek System examination was conducted on all positive samples for microscopy and laboratory culturing; and so to be diagnosed on the species level, and this study included using (3) anti-fungal equipped from Himedia (India), an  (Fluconazole, Clotrimazole and Nystatin), anti-fungal used by standard disk Diffusion to know the resistance of Candida and its sensitivity toward used anti-fungal.

The results: The results of direct examination were vaginal swab (50), Sputum (28), Oral swab (34), Urine (21) and Skin swab (17).

Conclusion: Candidiasis was more common in female patients as well as from medical units, where the rate of infection in females more than in males, Candida species were identified by the manual and automated methods and we found that the automated method by using VITEK2 YST Card was the best for species identification.
Medicinal herbs production to discourage and eliminate germs that contaminate burns: In silico study
Authors: Hussein Imad Hatem , Mouhamad Raghad S. , Al-Khafaji Khlood A. , Al-Zamily Razaq W. , Ghlaim Haider A. , Tayh Mohammed W.
Published: November 2021

Civilian patients with severe burns were almost local and systemic cell host immune responses concurrent depression because of complications after microbial infections. The most abundant and harmful bacterial infections are associated with opportunistic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, linked to nosocomial infection with prolonged stay in a hospital. Many virulence factors excrete from both species that facilitate adherence to the burned area, localized and invasion tissue, and the emergence of antibacterial resistance. Molecular docking of molecules assimilates the interaction between a ligand and its receptor the virulence factor; this project designed to show the extent of interaction between active component extracted from black tea and mint and virulence factors (coagulase, exozyme S, the extended-spectrum of beta- lactamase and beta-lactam binding protein) using molecular docking. Aqueous extracts of black tea and mint were analyzed by GC mass and each of the bioactive components was docked against each virulence factor. Re- rank score was monitored to explain the power of interaction between ligand and receptor.Results found here that components of black tea gave more re-rank score with all virulence factors; the most active was Myricetin that needs -80.906, -80.19, -69.04, and -67.06 for PBP2 protein, exozyne S, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and coagulase respectively. It was noticed that Myricetin was more active against proteins excreted from P. aeruginosa than that of S. aureus. Kaempferol as a second bioactive compound that gave a positive effect regarding its re rank score -90.195 and -79.54 when docked with PBP2 and exozyme S from P.aeruginosa.Molecular docking revealed that the aqueous extract of both black tea and mint have high re-rank as inhibitory substances against different virulence factors of S.aureus and P.aeruginosa that could be a good candidate for treating burns injuries.
On problem of using copper electrodes to maintain protection against corrosion of steel hulls of ships and vessels
Authors: Yastrebov Dmitry Pavlovich
Published: November 2021

The paper focuses on the reasons for the lack of proper control of the operation of the electrochemical protective systems of sea vessels, such as the absence of convenient technical equipment, primarily the reference electrodes, as well as the imperfection of the silver chloride reference electrode. There is considered the approach to the development of easy-to-use reference electrodes. A standard silver chloride reference electrode was used as the first electrode; experimental electrodes made of a copper wire strand stripped of insulation were used as the second and third electrodes. The experimental vessel is docked in the commercial port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The corrosion protection of the ship’s hull was evaluated by measuring the potentials between the metal hull and the reference electrode at a given point. The measurements were performed at a time interval from 06/10/2021 to 06/18/2021, evaluating the control of the hull corrosion protection was made by taking 50 successive measurements, which were entered into the control tables. It has been stated that the results of ship’s hull sacrificial protection control by using experimental copper electrodes from cabling comply with the regulatory requirements. The ship’s crew didn’t have any financial, organizational or technical problems, which could usually arise from the operation of standard silver chloride reference electrodes. It has been inferred that using regulated and non-regulated electrodes in the organization of corrosion control on ships and metal offshore structures is possible.
Research and development of commercially viable lubricants to intensify working life of marine diesel engines and cylinder piston group in internal combustion engines
Authors: Chanchikov Vasiliy Aleksandrovich , Guzhvenko Ivan Nikolaevich , Andreev Alexandr Ivanovich , Shulimova Marina Aleksandrovna , Svekolnykov Sergey Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the results of studying the influence of variable characteristics of lubricating oils for marine diesel engines (concentration of layered friction modifier in lubricating oil, viscosity of lubricating oil, contact pressure in the friction zone) on the tribological parameters of parts of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines. There are considered the aspects of increasing the reliability and wear resistance of the cylinder-piston group of marine diesel engines when a layered friction modifier is added to the base lubricating oil in a concentration of 1.5 vol.%. There have been carried out the comparative tribological studies of M-16G2CS lubricating oil including an additive based on molybdenum diselenide. Dependences of the wear of parts of the cylinder-piston group of a marine engine on different parameters of the studied lubricants are shown. The wear rate of experimental samples in conditions of variable characteristics of lubricants has been studied. According to the tribological studies of lubricants and structural materials, the tribological rating of lubricating compositions containing M16G2CS marine engine oil as a base and a layered friction modifier - molybdenum diselenide as a tribologically active additive was built. The test tool for the antiwear ability of lubricants is a friction machine of an original design with abraded samples according to the “ball-cylinder” contact scheme. Mechanical mixing of the lubricating medium of “oil + additive” type on the RPU-0.8-55A rotary-pulsating unit was one of the variable parameters in the tests. The tribological efficiency of the studied antiwear additive varies depending on the type of mixing of the additive solution before adding to the base lubricating oil and makes 13-54% (the difference in the diameter of the wear spot of the sample) for mechanical mixing, and for rotary-pulsation mixing - 45-56%.
THE RESILIENCE OF WOMEN TOURISM WORKERS DURING THE Covid-19 PANDEMIC IN BALI
Authors: Widiastini Ni Made Ary , Rosa Siti Annisa Silvia , Putera Roni Ekha , Susilowati Gabriella , Wibowo Totok Hari
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the form of resilience of women tourism workers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data sources are primary data from interviews with various parties, including hotel owners, hotel associations and hotel employees, while secondary data sources are documentation data. Data analysis was performed using an interactive model. The spread of the corona virus globally has affected various lines of community life, including in Bali. Hotels are the tourist facilities in Bali that are most affected. The decline in tourist visits, causing hotel occupancy rates to experience a drastic drop which resulted in layoffs. The finding of this research is that job termination for female employees occurs in almost every hotel in Bali. However, the termination of employment was responded creatively. In an effort to maintain a life for themselves and their families, women who are affected by hotel employees, especially those who have worked in the food and beverage division, react by adjusting to the conditions that occur. They make various types of food that are sold online using WhatsApp, I.G. and F.B. social media. The attitude of women who are former hotel workers in the food and beverage division in Bali towards termination of employment shows that creativity is driven by the spirit of survival as a modality that needs to be supported and worthy of being a good practice as well as a model on develop women’s capacities during pandemic Covid-19 and new normal.
EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AT THE REGIONAL FINANCIAL AND ASSET MANAGEMENT AGENCY OF MUSI RAWAS REGENCY
Authors: Susanto Yohanes , Yuliana Yuliana
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect employee performance at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency, Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra. This research is a quantitative study with a total population of 60 respondents. The results of the analysis show that the variables of Competence, Leadership and Motivation simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on performance. Moreover, Competence (X1) Leadership (X2) and Motivation (X3) partially have a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y). However, the Leadership variable has a very dominant influence on performance. It is recommended that the performance of employees at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Musi Rawas Regency to be improved. The role of leadership can also be used as a benchmark for the success of a team’s work in public services, delegation of authority and supervision. It is also recommended that the leader’s task evaluation be carried out periodically. In addition, efforts to improve employee competence are a strategic step in increasing employee motivation.
De súplica a pseudo-debate: Helena 894 ss.
Authors: Morenilla Carmen , Llagüerri Núria
Published: November 2021

En Helena la pareja Helena y Menelao deben suplicar a Teónoe que no informe a su hermano Teoclímeno de la presencia de Menelao en Egipto, pero Menelao se niega a hacerlo y adopta una actitud diferente. Este rito de súplica truncado se transforma en un supuesto debate, que tampoco lo es.
دراسة كفاءة الأداء للبناء الجاهز دراسة تأثير ليزر النيديميوم- زجاج على خواص العزل الكهربائي للمواد السيراميكية
Authors: نادیة محمد جاسم
Published: November 2021

( ﻟﯿزر اﻟﻨﯿدﻤﯿوم- زﺠﺎج ، اﻟﺴﯿراﻤﯿك، ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻌـزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ( ان اﻟﻬـدف ﻤـن إﺠـراء ﻫـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻫـو دراﺴـﺔ ﺘـﺄﺜﯿر ﻟﯿـزر اﻟﻨﯿدﯿﻤﯿوم- زﺠﺎج ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨواص اﻟﻌزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺠـﺴم اﻟـﺴﯿراﻤﯿﻛﻲ وﻤﻘﺎرﻨـﺔ ﻨﺘـﺎﺌﺞ ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻌـزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺠـﺴم اﻟـﺴﯿراﻤﯿﻛﻲ ﺒدون ﺘﺄﺜﯿر أﺸﻌﺔ اﻟﻠﯿزر. ان طرﯿﻘﺔ اﻟﻌﻤل ﺘﻀﻤﻨت ﺠزﺌﯿن : اﻟﺠزء اﻷول ﺘـم ﺤـﺴﺎب ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻌـزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﺠـﺴم ﺴـﯿراﻤﯿﻛﻲ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﺨدام (3-3.5mm) ﻤﺤﻀر ﻤن ﺜـﻼث ﻤـواد وﻫـﻲ) ﻛـﺎؤوﻟﯿن دوﯿﺨﻠـﺔ، رﻤـل زﺠـﺎج ارﻀـﻤﺔ وﻓﻠدﺴـﺒﺎر اﻟﺒوﺘﺎﺴـﯿوم( وﺒـﺴﻤك ﺠﻬــﺎز LCR meter ﻤــن ﻨــوعAgilenty 4294Aparcil Imperlence ﺤﯿــث ﺘــم ﺤــﺴﺎب ﻗﯿﻤــﺔ ﺜﺎﺒــت اﻟﻌــزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒــﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﺠـﺴم اﻟـﺴﯿراﻤﯿﻛﻲ Dielectrically Constant ﻤـن ﻗﯿﻤـﺔ اﻟﻤﺘـﺴﻌﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠـﺔ ﻤـن ﺘﻐﯿـر اﻟﺘـردد. إﻤـﺎ اﻟﺠـزء اﻟﺜـﺎﻨﻲ ﻤـن اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻓﻘـد ﺘـﻀﻤن ﺘـﺴﻠﯿط اﺸـﻌﺔ ﻟﯿـزر اﻟﻨﯿــدﯿﻤﯿوم زﺠـﺎج وﺒطﺎﻗـﺎت ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ E= 600, 700, 800mJ، ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻨﻤـﺎذج اﻟــﺴﯿراﻤﯿﻛﯿﺔ وﺤﺴﺎب ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻌـزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻤـرة أﺨـرى وﻤـن ﺜـم ﻤﻘﺎرﻨـﺔ ﻗﯿﻤـﺔ ﺜﺎﺒـت اﻟﻌـزل اﻟﻛﻬرﺒـﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻨﻤـﺎذج اﻟـﺴﯿراﻤﯿﻛﯿﺔ ﻤﻌـﻪ وﺒـدون ﺘﺄﺜﯿر أﺸﻌﺔ اﻟﻠﯿزر.
Effect of Soil Replacement on Collapsibility of Footing Resting on Calcareous Sand- A Prototype Study
Authors: Waad Abdulsattar Zakaria
Published: November 2021

Soil replacement technique is not a new method to improve a soil stratum possessing poor strength properties. Before, such a problem of facing a location with weak soil properties is simply solved by changing that spot of estate by another one. Nowadays, such a proposal is no longer valid as a solution since the finance of real estates is rising considerably so that altering a location to the favor of other is not a choice. Calcareous soils are soils rich of calcium carbonate which occur manly in the semiarid subtropics for both hemispheres. This soil is one of the famous collapsible soils similar to the well-known gypseous soils. It has very good strength properties when dry, but once wetted it undergoes large and almost instantaneous settlement, potential collapse of productivity, even if there is no additional load applied on it. This research is concerned in studying the effect of soil replacement technique in reducing collapse settlement. A laboratory prototype model is used in study using SW soil mixed with different percentages of calcium carbonates, and gradual replacement of calcareous soil with sand is carried out in terms of width of footing B. Each model is leached for continuous seven days, and time-settlement data are recorded. This is done again for different percentages of calcium carbonate ratios mixed with sand. Laboratory tests revealed that the degree of improvement in terms of settlement for replacing B/2 depth by sand is 0.36 (B is footing width), that for replacing B is 0.65, for replacing 2B is 0.88, and for replacing 3B is 0.92. The amount of CaCO3 in soil does not affect the degree of improvement observed. An empirical formula is derived using finite differences for relating degree of improvement with depth of soil to be replaced.
Artificial Neural Network Model for Managing and Forecasting Water Reservoir Discharge (Hemren Reservoir as A Case Study)
Authors: ABBAS M. ABD  , SAAD SH. SAMMEN
Published: November 2021

The prediction of different hydrological phenomenon (or system) plays an increasing role in the management of water resources. As engineers; it is required to predict the component of natural reservoirs’ inflow for numerous purposes. Resulting prediction techniques vary with the potential purpose, characteristics, and documented data. The best prediction method is of interest of experts to overcome the uncertainty, because the most hydrological parameters are subjected to the uncertainty. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach has adopted in this paper to predict Hemren reservoir inflow. Available data including monthly discharge supplied from DerbendiKhan reservoir and rain fall intensity falling on the intermediate catchment area between Hemren-DerbendiKhan dams were used.A Back Propagation (LMBP) algorithm (Levenberg-Marquardt) has been utilized to construct the ANN models. For the developed ANN model, different networks with different numbers of neurons and layers were evaluated. A total of 24 years of historical data for interval from 1980 to 2004 were used to train and test the networks. The optimum ANN network with 3 inputs, 40 neurons in both two hidden layers and one output was selected. Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the Correlation Coefficient (CC) were employed to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed model. The network was trained and converged at MSE = 0.027 by using training data subjected to early stopping approach. The network could forecast the testing data set with the accuracy of MSE = 0.031. Training and testing process showed the correlation coefficient of 0.97 and 0.77 respectively and this is refer to a high precision of that prediction technique.
Lack of salidroside impact on selected cytochromes encoding genes transcription in the liver of ethanol induced rats
Authors: Kujawski Radosław , Szulc Michał , Toboła Maria , Graczyk Marcin , Czora-Poczwardowska Kamila , Baraniak Justyna , Kania-Dobrowolska Małgorzata , Słyńko-Krzyżostaniak Julia , Krajewska-Patan Anna , Mikołajczak Przemysław Ł.
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The molecular basis of in vivo metabolism of selected representatives of phenylethanoids in the presence of ethanol has not been fully elucidated.

Objective: The aim was to estimate a salidroside (Sal) metabolism in the liver tissue in rats with induced alcohol tolerance by assessing changes in the transcription of genes encoding cytochromes: CYP1A2, 2D2, 3A1, 2C23.

Methods: cDNA was synthesized from total RNA isolated from rat liver samples. mRNA level changes were evaluated using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique.

Results: Ethanol caused a significant induction of the CYP1A2 and CYP2C23 genes transcription, and a decrease in the CYP3A1 mRNA level, predominantly without statistical significance. A statistically significant increase of the CYP1A2 mRNA level was observed in the group receiving only Sal (4.5 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.) (p<0.01).

Conclusions: There was no unequivocal effect of salidroside on the transcription of investigated cytochrome genes in the liver of rats with induced alcohol tolerance.
Variation in the Content of Different Forms of Mercury in River Catchments of the Southern Baltic Sea – Case Study
Authors: Gębka Karolina , Bełdowska Magdalena
Published: November 2021

Mercury (Hg) is recognised as a global environmental pollutant. Despite numerous studies being conducted around the world, the transformation of mercury in natural environments is still not fully understood. In addition, increasing droughts and heavy rains are currently observed to contribute to changes in the circulation of Hg. The purpose of this study was to recognise the influence of extreme meteorological and hydrological conditions on the inflow of various forms of mercury to the coastal zone of the Bay of Puck. The studies were carried out at estuarial stations of four rivers belonging to the southern Baltic Sea catchment: Reda, Zagorska Struga, Gizdepka and Płutnica. The results showed that meteorological and hydrological parameters affect mercury speciation in river catchments, which translates into inflow of labile mercury to the southern Baltic Sea.
I Participate; Therefore, I Am (And I Learn): Researching Learners’ Multilingual Identity in the Multilingual School Context
Authors: Lujić Rea
Published: November 2021

This study examines the relationship between the participation of multilingual students in FAL (French as an additional language) classroom and language learners’ identities associated with the related community of practice. Classroom participation, a key concept of the study, is defined as a verbal form of learners’ investment in language learning, which can both enhance language learning and change the identity of language learners. The research was conducted in an international multilingual school in Croatia among eight 5th grade multilingual and multicultural students learning French as an additional language. For data collection purposes, French language lessons and twelve video recordings with a total length of approx. 480 minutes were observed and taped. A qualitative analysis of the participation of each student was conducted with the regard to the power relations among members of the classroom. The analysis revealed that, from the chosen theoretical perspective where an additional language is seen both as a tool of power and a tool for power, the identity of language learners can be described as a dynamic combination of some of the following identity positions: a language learner in a position of power, a language learner in a higher position of power than others, a language learner in a reduced position of power but eager for a position of power, a language learner in a reduced position of power but not eager for a position of power. The results of this study are consistent with the main assumptions about the identity of language learners made by other socially oriented authors in SLA (Norton-Peirce, 1995; Pavlenko & Blackledge, 2004; Darvin & Norton, 2015), according to which language learners’ identity is multiple, dynamic, discursively shaped and context-dependent.
‘Farming Writing’: An Innovative Subgenre of Internet Literature
Authors: Wang Aiqing
Published: November 2021

As an innovative subgenre of Internet literature, ‘farming writing’ has attained popularity in contemporary China’s cyberspace, which, in a narrow sense, denotes narratives pertaining to agronomic theories and agrarian practices. Disparate from cliché-ridden web romances that deploy authorial ‘golden finger’ to equip protagonists with impeccable demeanour and prowess, ‘farming’ fiction is characterised by reality-oriented, detail-enriched depictions, notwithstanding its essence as ‘feel-good writing’. Furthermore, ‘farming’ works are marked by a slow pace, peaceful setting and plain theme, enabling readers to identify with characters and escape from reality. In this article, I scrutinise a ‘farming’ novel under the genre of danmei (aka Boys Love), and further posit that the popularity of ‘farming writing’ is also attributed to the Chinese ethnicity’s devotion to agriculture since time immemorial.
Transformasi Rumah Panggung Masyarakat Loloan Timur dalam Pemajuan Kebudayaan
Authors: Wiasti Ni Made , Arjani Ni Luh
Published: November 2021

Traditional technology is one of cultural advancement objects that can be found in Loloan stilt houses which are undergoing transformation and decline in quantity. This paper aims to know shape and determinants of stilt houses transformation in East Loloan, as well as to reveal the implications in terms of cultural advancement program. The study applied qualitative methods which were analyzed interpretive descriptive. The results showed that the stilt house consist two forms and has three levels based on the cosmological community. Transformation of houses on stilts, namely addition of space and changes in function of underside caused by determinants: social change, cultural dynamic, transition livelihoods, technology development, activity change, family members structure, build condition, land area, and interest of homeowner. The implication is that most of the aspects of the cultural advancement program have been fulfilled, except for the coaching aspect which has not been touched by community or government.
STUDI RADIOSENSITIVITAS DAN ANALISIS KERAGAMAN M1 KACANG TUNGGAK (Vigna unguiculata L) HASIL INDUKSI MUTASI
Authors: Wulandari Yukarie Ayu , Sobir Sobir , Aisyah Syarifah Iis
Published: November 2021

Kacang tunggak sebagai salah satu kacang indigenous potensi untuk substitusi kedelai sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan tempe dan tahu. Sumber daya genetik kacang tunggak perlu ditingkatkan keragamannya sebagai sumber plasma nutfah untuk perakitan varietas unggul baru. Induksi mutasi iradiasi sinar gamma pada kacang tunggak diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keragaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan iradiasi biji kacang tunggak genotipe KM-4 dengan dosis 0, 200, 400, 600 dan 800 Gy dan dianalisis untuk memperoleh LD50 dan dilakukan iradiasi kembali dengan dosis 0, LD50-100, LD50-50, LD50, LD50+50 dan LD50+100 Gy. Karakter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, lebar tajuk, panjang tangkai, panjang daun, lebar daaun, periode panen, panjang polong, jumlah biji/polong, berat biji/tanaman dan kandungan protein biji kacang tunggak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai LD50 tanaman kacang tunggak adalah 724,84 Gy, iradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis750 Gy menghasilkan keragaman tertinggi dan iradiasi sinar gamma tidak meningkatkan keragaman terhadap kandungan protein biji kacang tunggak.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SILIKA TRHADAP HASIL TANAMAN OKRA
Authors: Apriliyanto Eko
Published: November 2021

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Kebuatuhan akan okra saat ini masih tinggi, tetapi belum diiringi dengan peningkatan hasil produksinya. Peningkatan kandungan silika dan lignin pada organ tanaman terkait dengan komponen dinding sel yang memberikan kekuatan fisik, sehingga tanaman tetap tegak, tidak roboh meskipun mengalami cekaman genangan maupun kekeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas serangan hama okra terhadap pemberian silika dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL). Perlakuan yang dicobakan yaitu 4 konsentrasi pemberian silika (Tenaz SiO2 1,3%, Mo 10 ppm, Co 5 ppm, N 2,8%, dan K2O 0,6%). Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu tanpa pemberian silika (S0), silika 1% (S1), silika 2% (S2), dan silika 3% (S3). Analisis data menggunakan Uji F, apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) pada taraf 5%. Pemberian silika pada tanaman okra belum mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah buah, bobot buah, dan bobot segar tanaman. Intensitas serangan hama kutu daun pada S0, S1, S2, dan S3 berturut-turut 1,43%, 5,71%, 9,29%, dan 3,57%. Intensitas serangan hama ulat pada S0, S1, S2, dan S3 berturut-turut 0,00%, 9,29%, 0,00%, dan 4,64%. Intensitas serangan hama wereng daun tertinggi pada perlakuan S0 yaitu 16,07%, terendah pada perlakuan S1 dan S2 yaitu 0,00%, sedangkan perlakuan S3 yaitu 8,57%.
La Versada jarochicana: resistencia, retroaculturación y lírica popular /La Versada Jarochicana: Resistance, Retroacculturation and Popular Songwriting
Authors: Figueroa Hernández Rafael
Published: November 2021

Uno de los campos más importantes de la lucha de los mexicoamericanos contra la asimilación se ha dado en el campo del lenguaje, con una larga historia de avances, estancamientos y retrocesos que han acompañado la presencia chicana en Estados Unidos. Los años recientes han visto aparecer una tendencia que se ha dado en llamar retroaculturación, en que las nuevas generaciones de mexicoamericanos han estado revalorizando la cultura de sus antepasados. Dentro de este proceso de revaloración se inscribe un movimiento transnacional y transcultural conocido como Movimiento Jaranero, que reivindica las prácticas líricas y musicales del son jarocho, lo que ha traído aparejado la presencia cada vez más importante de versos originales en español como parte de esa resistencia cultural.
Intelectuales indígenas y memoria histórica: el caso de la bandera Siera en Zongolica, Veracruz/ Indigenous Intellectuals and Historical Memory: The Route of the Siera Flag in Zongolica, Veracruz
Authors: Morales Carbajal Claudia , Casas Mendoza Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2021

Este artículo analiza un ritual cívico denominado el recorrido de la bandera Siera. En este ritual se (re)producen símbolos identitarios que materializan las aspiraciones regionales de un grupo de pobladores de la Sierra de Zongolica, Veracruz. El principal foco alrededor del que giran estos rituales recupera la Independencia de México como acto fundacional del nacionalismo mexicano y del lugar que los zongoliqueños elaboran en la producción de su memoria histórica. Analizamos el papel de los diferentes grupos de intelectuales regionales –en este caso, maestros normalistas– en la construcción de una identidad indígena autónoma, que pueda vincularse de manera resignificada a la identidad nacional. El texto muestra cómo este acto conmemorativo se desenvuelve dentro de un proceso continuo de disputa y de negociación.
Cómo dejamos de pagar por la música. El fin de una industria, el cambio de siglo y el paciente cero de la piratería. Stephen Witt. Traducción de Damià Alou. Barcelona: Editorial Contra, 2016
Authors: Colorado Hernández León Alfonso
Published: November 2021

La brecha tecnológica resalta la diferencia generacional; sin embargo, los hábitos de consumo musical muestran que la tecnología también tiene la capacidad de integrar generaciones diversas. Muchos adultos escucharon todavía –en los años cincuenta y sesenta– discos de 45 rpm con una sola canción por lado; en esos años también usaron discos de larga duración, de 33 rpm; en la década de 1970 conocieron los cartuchos y los casetes; a partir de los años noventa contemplaron, con asombro, la irrupción del disco compacto.