bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A ressocialização do preso na sociedade brasileira
Authors: Lima Joice Souza
Published: February 2024

This study refl ects on the Brazilian prison system and the rehabilitation of prisoners, the current situation in Brazilian prisons is catastrophic, prisons and prisons are overcrowded and in terrible conditions, this situation aff ects the whole society, receiving people who have just left these places when they enter or worst. All citizens have the right to dignity and respect, even when they have committed a crime. In this context, it becomes increasingly important to adopt policies that eff ectively promote the resocialization of detainees, having as fundamentais instruments the Penal Execution Law and its two axes: punishment and resocialization. Otherwise, a “fi ctitious” picture of misery will persist, resulting in the recurrence and discredit of the aforementioned legal norms. The work presented here deals with the reintegration of delinquents into society, its positive and negative aspects, and explains the situation in prisons, in addition to the impact of the Criminal Execution Law on the subject, the need and importance of the reintegration of detainees and of society as a way to assist in the recovery of the system as a whole.
Linguística aplicada no campo da globalização da língua inglesa
Authors: Lima Edinilce Ferreira
Published: February 2024

This article aims at analyzing applied linguistics in the fi eld of the globalization of the English language in contemporary times. In the competence of this refl ection, it is suggested, to the explanation of applied linguistics, contemplating English as an idiomatic tool of global communication, used by diff erent nations and cultures and for that very reason, it is pointed out the inevitability of reconsidering, such as the progress of critical education that act in the sense of decolonizing this language, with viewpoints that favor the development of critical learners, to be able to work with linguistic diversity and its modern causes, whose consolidations are made through the English language, thus, requesting communication, whether oral or written, within a language unhooked from its origins. Methodologically, the research is organized in the light of the literature review, thus, the process of survey and qualitative analysis will be shown in what has already been published on the theme. As the main theoretical support, Moita Lopes (1996, 1998, 2006, 2009) Kumaravadivelu (2006), Celani (1998), and among other authors, who support the discussion of the theme, stand out. It is indispensable, to overcome the limitations supported by most of the work done in LA so far, in order to be acceptable the beginning of a place that benefi ts a constant movement of reflecion and action around the formation of the future teacher of languages, especially of the English language.
Interannual Variations in Siberian Carbon Uptake and Carbon Release Period
Authors: Tran Dieu Anh , Gerbig Christoph , Rödenbeck Christian , Zaehle Sönke
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Winters with higher than average temperatures are expected to enhance the respiratory release of CO2, and thereby weaken the annual net terrestrial carbon sink. Using the 2010–2021 atmospheric CO2 record from the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) located at 60°48′ N, 89°21′ E, this study analyses inter-annual changes in the timing and intensity of the carbon uptake and release periods (CUP and CRP, respectively) over central Siberia. We complement our CO2 mole fraction analysis with the atmospheric inversion results to disentangle the effects of meteorological variability from the ecosystem’s response to climate variability at regional scale. From the observational data, CRP length and amplitude significantly increased between 2010 and 2021. Similarly, CUP length and amplitude showed a positive but weaker trend since 2010, suggesting increased CO2 release during cold months offset the uptake during the growing season. This suggests that during the period 2010–2021, climate warming did not lead to higher annual net CO2 uptake despite the enhanced growing season uptake, because cold season respiration have also increased due to warming. The observational analysis further showed the influence of two extreme events: 2012 wildfire and 2020 heat wave. However, analysis of the inversion-derived net ecosystem exchange flux for the ZOTTO region did not reveal these trends or extreme events. Therefore, while ZOTTO data contain substantial information on the magnitude of the Siberian carbon balance, (without further data from additional stations) we could not attribute a distinct contribution of ecosystems in ZOTTO region of influence to the observed trends and extremes.
Investigating the complementarity of thermal and physical soil organic carbon fractions
Authors: Delahaie Amicie A. , Cécillon Lauric , Stojanova Marija , Abiven Samuel , Arbelet Pierre , Arrouays Dominique , Baudin François , Bispo Antonio , Boulonne Line , Chenu Claire , Heinonsalo Jussi , Jolivet Claudy , Karhu Kristiina , Martin Manuel P. , Pacini Lorenza , Poeplau Christopher , Ratié Céline , Roudier Pierre , Saby Nicolas P. A. , Savignac Florence , Barré Pierre
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Partitioning soil organic carbon (SOC) in fractions with different biogeochemical stability is useful to better understand and predict SOC dynamics, and provide information related to soil health. Multiple SOC partition schemes exist but few of them can be implemented on large sample sets and therefore be considered as relevant options for soil monitoring. The well-established particulate- (POC) vs. mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) physical fractionation scheme is one of them. Introduced more recently, Rock-Eval® thermal analysis coupled with the PARTYSOC machine-learning model can also fractionate SOC into active (Ca) and stable SOC (Cs). A debate is emerging as to which of these methods should be recommended for soil monitoring. To investigate the complementarity or redundancy of these two fractionation schemes, we compared the quantity and environmental drivers of SOC fractions obtained on an unprecedented dataset from mainland France. About 2,000 topsoil samples were recovered all over the country, presenting contrasting land covers and pedoclimatic characteristics, and analysed. We found that the environmental drivers of the fractions were clearly different, the more stable MAOC and Cs fractions being mainly driven by soil characteristics, whereas land cover and climate had a greater influence on more labile POC and Ca fractions. The stable and labile SOC fractions provided by the two methods strongly differed in quantity (MAOC/Cs = 1.88 ± 0.46 and POC/Ca = 0.36 ± 0.17; n = 843) and drivers, suggesting that they correspond to fractions with different biogeochemical stability. We argue that, at this stage, both methods can be seen as complementary and potentially relevant for soil monitoring. As future developments, we recommend comparing how they relate to indicators of soil health such as nutrient availability or soil structural stability, and how their measurements can improve the accuracy of SOC dynamics models.
Mid-Holocene climate at mid-latitudes: assessing the impact of the Saharan greening
Authors: Gaetani Marco , Messori Gabriele , Pausata Francesco S. R. , Tiwari Shivangi , Alvarez Castro M. Carmen , Zhang Qiong
Published: February 2024

Abstract. During the first half of the Holocene (11,000 to 5,000 years ago) the Northern Hemisphere experienced a strengthening of the monsoonal regime, with climate reconstructions robustly suggesting a greening of the Sahara region. Paleoclimate archives also show that this so-called African Humid Period (AHP) was accompanied by changes in the climate conditions at mid to high latitudes. However, inconsistencies still exist in reconstructions of the mid-Holocene (MH) climate at mid-latitudes, and model simulations provide limited support to reduce these discrepancies. In this paper, a set of simulations performed with a climate model is used to investigate the hitherto unexplored impact of the Saharan greening on mid-latitude atmospheric circulation during the MH. Numerical simulations show a year-round impact of the Saharan greening on the main circulation features in the Northern Hemisphere, especially during boreal summer when the African monsoon develops. Key findings include a westward shift of the global Walker Circulation, leading to a modification of the North Atlantic jet stream in summer and the North Pacific jet stream in winter. Furthermore, the Saharan greening modifies the atmospheric synoptic circulation over the North Atlantic, transitioning the North Atlantic Oscillation phase from prevailingly positive to neutral-to-negative in winter and summer. This study provides a first constraint on the Saharan greening influence on northern midlatitudes, indicating new opportunities for understanding the MH climate anomalies in regions such as North America and Eurasia.
Calving front positions for 19 key glaciers of the Antarctic Peninsula: a sub-seasonal record from 2013 to 2023 based on a deep learning application to Landsat multispectral imagery
Authors: Loebel Erik , Baumhoer Celia A. , Dietz Andreas , Scheinert Mirko , Horwath Martin
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Calving front positions of marine-terminating glaciers are an essential parameter to understanding dynamic glacier changes and constraining ice modelling. In particular, for the Antarctic Peninsula, where the current ice mass loss is driven by dynamic glacier changes, accurate and comprehensive data products are of major importance. Current calving front data products are limited in coverage and temporal resolution because they rely on manual delineation being time-consuming and unfeasible for the increasing amount of satellite data. To simplify the mapping of calving fronts we apply a deep learning based processing system designed to automatically delineate glacier fronts from multispectral Landsat imagery. The U-Net based framework was initially trained on 869 Greenland glacier front positions and is here extended by 236 front positions of the Antarctic Peninsula. The here presented data product includes 2064 calving front locations of 19 key outlet glaciers from 2013 to 2023 and achieves sub-seasonal temporal resolution. This data set will help to better understand marine-terminating glacier dynamics on an intra-annual scale, study ice-ocean interactions in more detail and constrain glacier models. The data is publicly available at PANGAEA under https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.963725 (Loebel et al., 2023b).
Characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of heavy rainfall and surface runoff generating process in the mountainous areas of northern China
Authors: Yang Hui , Hou Xianglong , Cao Jiansheng
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The intensity and duration of precipitation play an important role in surface runoff processes. A hilly area may have more complicated runoff processes. In this study, the characteristics of annual rainfall from 1987 to 2023 in the Taihang Mountain were obtained by the Pearson-III frequency curve, homogeneity and MK test. Four surface runoff generation processes during 2014 to 2023 were monitored. The contribution of rainfall to changes in runoff were quantified based on the double cumulative curve method. Results showed that for the last decade, a significant upward trend in the frequency of moderate and heavy rainfall events. The spatial variability of rainfall in the Taihang Mountain and the influence of elevation are both smaller when the rainfall during 24 h is lower than 50 mm. The two surface runoff processes in 2016 and 2023 were typical runoff resulted from excess rain, which belonged to the storm runoff. The two surface runoff processes in 2021 were runoff generation under saturated condition. For runoff generation under saturated condition, the contribution of rainfall was only 58.17 %. While when the runoff coefficient was greater than 0.5, the surface runoff generating processes were entirely determined by rainfall. This study suggested that for semi-arid regions, where rainfall is unevenly distributed over the seasons, more soil water is needed to maintain local and downstream water demand during the non-rainy season.
Process-based classification of Mediterranean cyclones using potential vorticity
Authors: Givon Yonatan , Hess Or , Flaounas Emmanouil , Catto Jennifer Louise , Sprenger Michael , Raveh-Rubin Shira
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Mediterranean cyclones (MCs) govern extreme weather events across the Euro-African Basin, affecting the lives of hundreds of millions. Despite many studies addressing MCs in the last few decades, their correct simulation and prediction remain a significant challenge to the present day, which may be attributed to the large variability among MCs. Past classifications of MCs are primarily based on geographical and/or seasonal separations; however, here we focus on cyclone genesis and deepening mechanisms. A variety of processes combine to govern MC genesis and evolution, including adiabatic and diabatic processes, topographic influences, land–sea contrasts, and local temperature anomalies. As each process bears a distinct signature on the potential vorticity (PV) field, a PV approach is used to distinguish among different “types” of MCs. Here, a combined cyclone-tracking algorithm is used to detect 3190 Mediterranean cyclone tracks in ECMWF ERA5 from 1979–2020. Cyclone-centered, upper-level isentropic PV structures in the peak time of each cyclone track are classified using a self-organizing map (SOM). The SOM analysis reveals nine classes of Mediterranean cyclones, with distinct Rossby-wave-breaking patterns, discernible in corresponding PV structures. Although classified by upper-level PV structures, each class shows different contributions of lower-tropospheric PV and flow structures down to the surface. Unique cyclone life cycle characteristics, associated hazards (precipitation, winds, and temperature anomalies), and long-term trends, as well as synoptic, thermal, dynamical, seasonal, and geographical features of each cyclone class, indicate dominant processes in their evolution. Among others, the classification reveals the importance of topographically induced Rossby wave breaking to the generation of the most extreme Mediterranean cyclones. These results enhance our understanding of MC predictability by linking the large-scale Rossby wave formations and life cycles to coherent classes of under-predicted cyclone aspects.
Optimal position and distribution mode for on-site hydrogen electrolyzers in onshore wind farms for a minimal levelized cost of hydrogen (LCoH)
Authors: Reichartz Thorsten , Jacobs Georg , Rathmes Tom , Blickwedel Lucas , Schelenz Ralf
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Storing energy is a major challenge in achieving a 100 % renewable energy system. One promising approach is the production of green hydrogen from wind power. This work proposes a method for optimizing the design of wind–hydrogen systems for existing onshore wind farms in order to achieve the lowest possible levelized cost of hydrogen (LCoH). This is done by the application of a novel Python-based optimization model that iteratively determines the optimal electrolyzer position and distribution mode of hydrogen for given wind farm layouts. The model includes the costs of all required infrastructure components. It considers peripheral factors such as existing and new roads, necessary power cables and pipelines, wage and fuel costs for truck transportation, and the distance to the point of demand (POD). Based on the results, a decision can be made whether to distribute the hydrogen to the POD by truck or pipeline. For a 23.4 MW onshore wind farm in Germany, a minimal LCoH of EUR 4.58 kgH2-1 at an annual hydrogen production of 241.4 tH2a-1 is computed. These results are significantly affected by the position of the electrolyzer, the distribution mode, varying wind farm and electrolyzer sizes, and the distance to the POD. The influence of the ratio of electrolyzer power to wind farm power is also investigated. The ideal ratio between the rated power of the electrolyzer and the wind farm lies at around 10 %, with a resulting capacity factor of 78 % for the given case. The new model can be used by system planners and researchers to improve and accelerate the planning process for wind–hydrogen systems. Additionally, the economic efficiency, hence competitiveness, of wind–hydrogen systems is increased, which contributes to an urgently needed accelerated expansion of electrolyzers. The results of the influencing parameters on the LCoH will help to set development goals and indicate a path towards a cost-competitive green wind–hydrogen system.
Vivienda social para la población desplazada y segregación residencial en Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: López Martínez Alexandra , Muñoz Arroyave Elkin Argiro , Espinosa Rico Miguel Antonio
Published: February 2024

Este artículo determina cuál ha sido la política de vivienda social que se ha desarrollado para la población desplazada en Colombia y esta cómo se relaciona con la segregación residencial de este tipo de vivienda en Ibagué, entre el 2004 y el 2019. Utilizando el método hermenéutico se analiza las leyes y decretos que se han sido la base de la política de vivienda social para la población desplazada y para determinar si esta normatividad genera segregación socioespacial de este tipo de vivienda, se geolocalizan los proyectos inmobiliarios construidos en Ibagué y se cruza esta información con plan de ordenamiento de la ciudad del 2000 y el 2014. Entre los principales resultados se encuentra que la localización de las viviendas sociales promueve la segregación residencial de la ciudad es decir, la población vulnerable adquiere un techo que en cuanto a su área construida es pequeño, lo que cambia la dinámica de hábitat de la que venía de sus ciudades de origen.
Crecimiento poblacional urbano a nivel mundial en las últimas seis décadas
Authors: Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando
Published: February 2024

El objetivo del estudio consiste en evaluar estadísticamente el incremento poblacional en las diferentes regiones urbanas en el mundo. Se emplearon las siguientes técnicas estadísticas: análisis de contraste por medio del Modelo Lineal General y la técnica de clúster, se empleó el paquete estadístico SAS University. En Europa y Asia Central, la Unión Europea, Latinoamérica, Norteamérica, Oriente Medio y Norte de África, la población urbana se ha incrementado a lo largo de las diferentes décadas evaluadas. En el año 2020 en Argentina el 92.1% de la población habita en zonas urbanas, en Libia el 80.6%, Australia el 86.4%, Chile 87.7%, Colombia 81.4%, Estados Unidos 82.6%. Se infiere que para el año 2050 en la mayoría de países del mundo, la población urbana estará por encima del 60%.
Escala de Autorregulación del Aprendizaje: validación de un instrumento para educación secundaria y media superior
Authors: Fernández-de-Castro Javier , Martínez-Bautista Humberto , Rojas-Muñoz Luz María , Galindo-Muñoz Rebeca
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. La autorregulación del aprendizaje es el grado o nivel en el que cada estudiante tiene un papel activo y creativo en su proceso de aprendizaje, incluyendo la cognición, metacognición, motivación, conducta y contexto. Su desarrollo es relevante ante los enfoques educativos contemporáneos, centrados en el desarrollo de competencias, en donde las y los estudiantes son protagonistas del proceso de aprendizaje. En el presente estudio se valida un instrumento diseñado para medir la autorregulación del aprendizaje en educación secundaria y media superior en México. MÉTODO. La Escala de Autorregulación del Aprendizaje (ESAA-2) está constituida por 40 reactivos subdivididos en tres subescalas: (a) motivación y actitud hacia el aprendizaje, (b) estrategias cognitivas y (c) autoevaluación y regulación metacognitiva. Se desarrolló un estudio con diseño instrumental, aplicando la ESAA-2 a 3,541 estudiantes de secundaria y media superior de 12 instituciones educativas de México. RESULTADOS. El análisis de resultados evidenció validez de contenido en el instrumento, así como consistencia interna y validez de constructo. DISCUSIÓN. La aportación de la presente investigación radica en el diseño y validación de un instrumento capaz de medir un constructo relevante para el enfoque educativo actual, basado en el desarrollo de competencias, constituyéndose como un medio para la generación de estrategias encaminadas al logro de la calidad educativa.
Principales conflictos en los trabajos grupales y modos de resolución: el Aprendizaje Cooperativo como reto en la formación de futuros docentes
Authors: Galindo-Domínguez Héctor , Galarraga Arrizabalaga Haizea , Sainz de la Maza Martín , Losada Iglesias Daniel
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido el de analizar cuáles son los principales problemas que surgen durante el aprendizaje cooperativo, así cómo conocer cuáles han sido sus principales medios de resolución para dicho problema. Para tal fin, se recabaron un total de 203 opiniones de futuros docentes, a quienes se les preguntaron cuáles habían sido sus problemas dentro de su grupo de trabajo, así como las pautas que siguieron para resolverlo. Los resultados apuntan a una serie de problemas en el trabajo de grupo, destacando principalmente la escasa implicación de algún miembro del grupo, la mala gestión y organización del tiempo, las dificultades para acordar horarios, las complicaciones por repartir de manera equitativa las partes del trabajo, así como la falta de comunicación. Asimismo, como principales modos de resolución de conflicto el alumnado destaca algunos modos activos como el diálogo calmado, los intentos por mejorar la coordinación y la comunicación a través de diversas vías, el hablar con el docente, el ser más contundente en el diálogo o mostrar desacuerdo con las decisiones tomadas; y algunos modos pasivos como asumir las partes de otros para no sufrir las consecuencias de no hacer la tarea, o no hacer nada para solucionar el problema. Tras un análisis de correspondencias se observó una asociación significativa entre varios grupos de problemas con sus respectivas pautas de actuación, pudiendo dividirse estos en 2 grupos: problemas vinculados al rendimiento del trabajo, y problemas vinculados a la conexión de los integrantes. Para cada grupo, se observaron cuáles fueron las principales pautas de actuación. Finalmente, estos resultados tienen importantes implicaciones en la formación del profesorado universitario, así como en la formación inicial del profesorado.
Procesos de abandono escolar en España y Chile. La visión de los adolescentes más vulnerables
Authors: Mancila Iulia , Márquez García María Jesús , Redón Pantoja Silvia , Angulo Rasco José Félix
Published: February 2024

El artículo que se presenta expone los resultados de dos investigaciones más amplias sobre abandono escolar en la educación secundaria obligatoria en Chile y España. El objetivo es analizar y comprender los factores que inciden en la motivación del abandono desde la perspectiva del alumnado más vulnerable. En total se realizan 140 entrevistas semiestructuradas, 12 grupos focales y 16 estudios de caso en profundidad a alumnado de entre 12 y 24 años. Las técnicas utilizadas desde una epistemología hermenéutica son las entrevistas semiestructuradas, los grupos focales y las entrevistas biográficas. Los resultados en ambos países muestran coincidencias en tres categorías: Escuela, Identidad del alumnado y Familia. En la categoría Escuela, algunas subcategorías se relacionan con un currículum irrelevante, “estar sin estar” y exceso de normas excluyentes en la escuela. Las líneas discursivas que emergen de la categoría Identidad del alumnado, entre otras son: un sí mismo configurado desde la diferencia, la negatividad y el abandono biográfico. La dimensión Familia, configura algunas subcategorías vinculadas con pobreza, marginalidad o problemas de salud, entre otras. En conclusión, se trata de trayectorias escolares y biografías que no caben en una escuela burocratizada, sometida a la medición y al control normativo alejado de la vida de los que más necesitan la escuela. Más que abandonar son abandonados.
Informality, Food Insecurity and Intra-Household Resource Allocation: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Sultana Shagufta
Published: February 2024

The significance of employment in alleviating household poverty and enhancing overall well-being is widely acknowledged. In Pakistan, even with the notable growth in agricultural production, the country struggles with significant levels of food insecurity, affecting approximately 20.3 percent of the population, as indicated by a 2019 global report. This research investigates the impact of informal employment on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the distribution of resources within households, including categories such as food, non-food items, education, and health. Utilizing data from the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) conducted in 2018-19, fractional response and ordered logit models were employed to analyze the influence of informal employment on resource allocation across various categories and household food insecurity. The findings indicated that households headed by individuals in informal employment typically allocate a more significant portion of their budget to food and health than those in formal employment. Moreover, the impact of informal employment on non-food expenses appears limited, and households with informal workers demonstrate reduced spending on education compared to their formal counterparts. Additionally, the study highlights a higher probability of severe or moderate food insecurity levels in households headed by individuals in informal employment. Comprehending employment and household welfare dynamics necessitates a thorough understanding of intra-household dynamics. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, aiding in identifying critical areas for expanding social protection measures for informal workers.
PHYSICS OF THE EFFECT OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE PULSE HEATING ON DEFECTS IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF A METAL ALLOY
Authors: Ушаков И.В. , Сафронов И.С. , Ошоров А.Д. , Wang Z. , Муромцев Д.Ю.
Published: February 2024

Селективная лазерная обработка тонких поверхностных слоев металлических сплавов избирательно воздействует на отдельные дефектные области, такие как, концентраторы механических напряжений, зародыши разрушения, вершины трещин, частицы наноразмерного диапазона. Остальной материал практически не претерпевает изменений. Методом селективной лазерной обработки удается одновременно повысить микротвердость и вязкость микроразрушения, в частности, тонких лент твердых и хрупких аморфно-нанокристаллических металлических сплавов. Существенно, что при этом сохраняется исходная аморфно-нанокристаллическая структура материала. Воздействие на поверхность металлического сплава наносекундного лазерного импульса с высокой плотностью мощности сопровождается формированием плазмы лазерного пробоя, ударной волны и импульсного прогрева. Прогреву материала предшествует прохождение ударной волны сжатия, способной инициировать локальные деформации и разрушения. Неравномерность прогрева материала проявляется, в первую очередь, в дефектных областях и может приводить к релаксации механических напряжений за счет пластической деформации. Исследование взаимодействия теплового фронта, инициированного лазерным импульсом, с дефектами поверхностного слоя металлического сплава предполагает совершенствование физико-математических моделей данных процессов.

Selective laser treatment of thin surface layers of metallic alloys selectively affects certain defective areas, such as concentrators of mechanical stresses, fracture nuclei, crack tops, and particles of the nanoscale range. The rest of the material is practically unaffected. The method of selective laser treatment simultaneously increases microhardness and fracture toughness, in particular of thin ribbons of hard and brittle amorphous-nanocrystalline metal alloys. It is essential that the initial amorphous-nanocrystalline structure of the material is preserved. The impact on the surface of a metal alloy of a nanosecond laser pulse with high power density is accompanied by the formation of laser breakdown plasma, shock wave and pulse heating. Heating of the material is preceded by the passage of the compression shock wave, which can initiate local deformations and destructions. The uneven heating of the material is manifested primarily in the defective areas and can lead to relaxation of mechanical stresses due to plastic deformation. Study of interaction of the thermal front initiated by a laser pulse with defects in the surface layer of a metallic alloy involves the improvement of physical and mathematical models of these processes.
Conservative management of chylous fistula following laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Uyen Nguyen Dao , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Thanh Do Truong , Hung Le Van
Published: February 2024

Chylous fistula is a rare complication following renal surgery, especially partial nephrectomy due to renal cell cancer. A unified treatment guideline for this complication is currently unavailable. We report a clinical case of chylous fistula after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy due to renal cell cancer, seen on the 4th postoperative day (POD), which was successfully treated conservatively by octreotide and diet adjustments. We take this opportunity to review similar cases mentioned in the literature in order to contribute to the knowledge of symptoms, management and treatment of this complication.
Boletín de Precios Forestales, Diciembre 2023
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Pardo Evaristo
Published: February 2024

El balance anual de los precios nominales promedio del 2023 de los principales productos de pino radiata, comercializados en el país, muestra un comportamiento dispar comparado con el año 2022. Así, las disminuciones de precios estuvieron focalizadas en las trozas aserrables de pino radiata puestas en aserradero de la Región de Biobío, con -3,2% y en la madera aserrada y madera cepillada de pino radiata, ambas puestas en barraca de la Región Metropolitana las que bajaron sus precios nominales en -3,4% y -3,9%, respectivamente. Contrariamente, con aumentos en el precio nominal promedio en el 2023, la madera pulpable de pino radiata de las regiones del Maule-Biobío, subió un 0,8% comparado con el año 2022, la madera aserrada de pino radiata puesta en aserradero de la Región de Biobío, que aumentó 0,1% y la madera cepillada de pino radiata, puesta en barraca de la Región de Biobío, cuyo aumento fue de 0,4%. En esta edición, se presentan también precios referenciales de cajas, bins, pallets y madera para pallets.
Isolation, Characterization and Screening of Microbial Melanin for its role in Protection of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria
Authors: Garude N. R. , Jaybhaye P. , Budukale R.
Published: February 2024

Plants are susceptible to vulnerable impacts caused by presence of heavy metals, viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects and pests. Along with diseases, availability of nutrients, water, temperature and the role of protecting the role plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) is also a matter of concern. PGPB may promote plant growth directly usually by either facilitating resource acquisition or modulating plant hormone levels, or indirectly by decreasing the inhibitory effects of various heavy metals on plant growth and development. Although a significant increase in the use of PGPB in agriculture was observed in the last two decades, there is a dearth of long-term studies addressing the effects of PGPB on existing microbial community structure. Melanin is a negative charge hydrophobic complex pigment that is a substance made of small particles virtually insoluble in the environment and is usually used for its color, protective or other characteristics. Melanin, its ability to chelate metals by which the toxicity of metals can be reduced. In this direction, soil and vegetable waste samples were collected and enriched. A total of fourteen isolates were obtained and these isolates were screened for melanin production. Black brownish colonies were melanin positive colonies. These isolates were subjected to production of melanin. Melanin was extracted and subjected to FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). On the basis of FTIR results, melanin was confirmed and then tested for its metal chelating ability followed by its application as protectant for plant growth promotion. Significant growth was observed when compared with control proves its vital role in plant growth promotion
FERMENTATION ENHANCED NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF FOOD- A REVIEW
Authors: Bedi Samapti , Ghosh Satarupa , Bandyopadhyay Bidyut , Bedi Sreerupa , Maity Manisha
Published: February 2024

Among the earliest processed food products, fermented foods are those ingested by humans. Through fermentation techniques different semi-digested and reactive meals can sometimes be converted into functional foods which have a beneficial effect on health. Generally, fermentation helps to eliminate numerous unwanted microbes and toxins from food particles while also introducing helpful microbes to help with digestion, these bacteria also help to develop new enzymes. Fermentation also enhances the quality of different food products such as soybeans, dairy products, cereals, etc. by including their nutritional status. Thereby quality of functional foods can be increased through fermentation which generally improves the GI Tract health, acts as immune system enhancer, improving the bio-availability of nutrients, lowering the lactose intolerance habitat, reducing the appearance of allergic symptoms in susceptible persons and also sometimes decreasing the risk of certain diseases including cancer. Basically fermented foods contain probiotic organisms which may be the probable agents to enhance the health benefits of individuals. In this article, emphasis has been given to the beneficial effect of fermented foods on the general health of the human being.
Pengaruh Ketersediaan Sarana Prasarana Pembelajaran Dan Keaktifan Peserta Didik Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Buddha (Penelitian ex-post facto di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri 3 Kaloran)
Authors: Yunani Sri , Widodo Urip , Sukarti Sukarti
Published: February 2024

Proses pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Buddha di SMP N 3 Kaloran, belum maksimal selain ada masalah dari diri peserta didik, sarana prasarana pembelajaran juga kurang memadahi. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui pengaruh ketersediaan sarana prasarana pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Buddha (2) Mengetahui pengaruh keaktifan peserta didik terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Buddha, (3) Mengetahui pengaruh ketersediaan sarana prasarana pembelajaran dan keaktifan peserta didik terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Buddha. Desain penelitian ini adalah Penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian ex-post facto. Populasi pada penelitian yaitu peserta didik beragama Buddha yang berjumlah 45 peserta didik, teknik dan instrumen pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 25. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa, ketersediaan sarana prasarana pembelajaran dan keaktifan peserta didik terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Buddha di SMP N 3 Kaloran.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENERIMAAN MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN CILACAP TERHADAP VAKSIN COVID-19
Authors: Seli Febriyanti  , Peppy Octaviani DM  , Made Suandika
Published: February 2024

Pemerintah Indonesia menargetkan 70% dari jumlah penduduk mendapatkan vaksinasi COVID-19 termasuk didalamnya masyarakat Kecamatan Bantarsari, Kabupaten Cilacap. Penerimaan masyarakat terhadap vaksin COVID-19 dipengaruhi oleh persepsi setiap individu yang berhubungan dengan faktor sosiodemografi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi karakteristik sosiodemografi dan hubungannya dengan penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 serta dianalisis faktor sosiodemografi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 400 responden yang diambil dengan convenience sampling dari masyarakat Kabupaten Cilacap. Teknik pada analisis bivariat mengggunakan skor T dalam skala Likert dan Uji Chi Square untuk melihat kekuatan dari hubungan antara variabel independen dengan persepsi responden terhadap vaksin COVID-19. Hasil menujukkan bahwa proporsi responden dengan niat penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 yang memiliki pernyataan positif/menerima sebanyak 353 orang (88,25%), sedangkan yang memiliki pernyataan negatif/tidak menerima sebanyak 47 orang (11,75%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang memiliki hubungan bermakna (nilai p<0.05) yaitu pada variabel usia (p=0.003), pendidikan (p=0.009), riwayat vaksinasi (p0.000), dan jenis vaksin (p=0.000). Oleh karena itu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 di Kecamatan Bantarsari, Kabupaten Cilacap meliputi faktor usia, pendidikan dan riwayat vaksinasi.
Travel from Toronto to Kirkland Lake
Authors: Cater D. F.
Published: February 2024

The trip begins in Toronto (1991 May 30 Thursday) and proceeds to Kirkland Lake by motor coach. The evening includes a Kirkland Lake branch CIM meeting (speaker Wayne Benham on a recent Kirkland Lake gold discovery by Battle Mountain Canada Incorporated) and an introduction to the Macassa Mine geology by D. F. Cater.
Kirkland Lake Gold Field Trip
Authors: Lovell H. L.
Published: February 2024

The AFTERNOON tour will be by bus, the first 4 stops being in the 10 × 10 km geographic township of Teck, and the 5th is in Lebel, the adjoining Township to the east. From Macassa No.3 shaft return to Highway 66, turn right (west) along Highway 66 past Highway 112 junction and beyond the cemetery, then turn left into the Kirkland Lake Core Library of the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines.

8. 4 km. STOP 1. Here at the Core Library, standard Archean sections of diamond drill core and hand samples will be laid out for your perusal. The sections will comprise komatiitic, tholeiitic, calc-alkalic, and alkalic volcanic extrusi ves, and several types of sedimentary rocks.

From the parking lot of the Core Library, turn right onto Highway 66 and proceed to 13. 0 km, where you turn left (north) along Oakes Avenue and park in the circle directly to the left.

13. 2 km. STOP 2. Kirkland Lake “Museum of Northern History”. Formerly the museum was the home of Sir Harry Oakes, one of the few prospectors who retained control of the mine he found, the famous Lake Shore that produced more than 8 1/2 million ounces of gold and almost 2 million ounces of silver. During your one hour stay, you can see relics of the early days of Kirkland Lake gold mining.

From the museum we will walk across Highway 66 and up hill along a water line to a series of outcrops beginning south of the Don Lou Motel, near the base of the former water tower of the Lake Shore mine.
Roadlog
Authors: Powell W. G. , Kilbourne M. W. , Hodgson C. J.
Published: February 2024

The field trip departs from the Bon Air Motel in Kirkland Lake, cumulative mileage from the Bon Air Motel is signified by the round brackets ( ). Distances between field trip stops are also provided.

Take Highway 66 west from the Bon Air Motel in Kirkland Lake to Highway 11 (15. 5 km). Continue west on Highway 66 to Matachewan. Cross the bridge over the West Montreal River, in Matachewan, where Highway 566 begins (61. 5 km). Continue west along Highway 566 for 3. 2 kilometres. Then turn right and park just beyond the gate to the Matachewan Consolidated Mine (64. 8 km).
Geology of the Pinos Altos Gold-Silver Mine in Chihuahua State,
Mexico
Authors:   Prepared by Agnico-Eagle Mines Limited staff
Published: February 2024

Pinos Altos is Toronto-based Agnico-Eagle Mines Limitedâ∈™s first mine in Mexico, and has the potential to become one of the companyâ∈™s largest gold producers. The 100%- owned Pinos Altos operation is located in the Sierra Madre mountain range of northern Mexico, 220 km west of the state capital, Chihuahua, and approximately 2,000 m above sea-level. A permanent camp has been built in the village of Cahuisori, 6 km from the mine site, including employee accommodations and offices. Pinos Altos had more than 728 permanent employees at end of 2009.

Mining will be from a series of open pits starting with Santo Nino, as well as an underground mine and a number of nearby, stand-alone satellite open pit-heap leach operations, starting with Creston Mascota in 2011. Average annual production from Pinos Altos is anticipated to be about 170,000 oz of gold and 2.5 Moz of silver through the year 2028.
Economic Geology of the Ocampo District, Western Chihuahua
Authors: Hohbach Paul W.
Published: February 2024

The Ocampo mine is located at approximately 28±12.5' latitude and 108±25' longitude in western Chihuahua State, Mexico. The property lies SW of the capital city of Chihuahua.

Driving directions: From Chihuahua, drive 285 km west along federal Hwy 16 to Cahuisori, then 25 km south on a Gammon Lake-maintained gravel road.

The small town of Ocampo, population 600, lies in a deep valley above Gammon Goldâ∈™s Ocampo underground mine. The town and mine are connected to the National Electrical Grid (CFE). Other industries in the area are forestry, ranching, and farming. Gammonâ∈™s workforce comes from all across Mexico. Mexican men and women make up 99% of the workforce.
Update on the El Sauzal High-Sulfidation Gold-Silver Deposit at the
Initiation of Mining, Municipio de Urique, Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Weiss Steven I. , Espinoza Eduardo , Ronkos Charles
Published: February 2024

The E1 Sauzal gold-silver deposit is situated in the western Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico, near the border between the states of Chihuahua and Sinaloa (Fig. 1). The deposit was discovered in 1995 by Francisco Gold during grass-roots exploration centered on the historic silver district of Batopilas, about 15 km to the NE (Fig. 1), (Charest et al., 2004). Colonial-era and other significant workings were completely absent at El Sauzal. Geologists travelling by mule and on foot in the deep, roadless canyon of the Rio Urique made the discovery by direct rock-chip sampling of resistant, highly altered outcrops. Between 1996 and 1999, a camp was established and a total of 188 diamond-drill holes were completed. Drilling was focused on the potential for shallow, oxidized ores and was largely guided by gold in rock-chip and channel samples.
Application of image recognition technology based on deep learning in plants disease detection and diagnosis
Authors: Zheng Hongsen
Published: February 2024

With increasing demographic trends, the world will likely confront a looming food crisis in the coming decades. This paper points out the world's food crisis brought by the increasing population and the agricultural sector's challenges. Among them, the increase in plant diseases is considered one of the leading causes of agricultural inefficiency and food production problems. For example, in many countries, cash crops such as jute, pomegranate, and tomato have been severely affected by plant diseases, resulting in reduced yields and, thus, increased economic losses. Traditional disease detection methods, such as manual visual inspection and laboratory analysis, are inaccurate and time-consuming, requiring a lot of manpower and capital investment. In recent years, researchers have begun to apply deep learning-based image recognition technology to detect and diagnose plant diseases to improve accuracy and efficiency. This paper will lay the foundation for further research by summarizing the existing research and analyzing the advantages and applicability of different application methods.
Bio-inspired soft robot with varied localized stiffness
Authors: Ou Shikai
Published: February 2024

Soft robots are a type of intelligent robot with high adaptability, and the majority of them are made from soft materials, so they are flexible and adaptable. The variable stiffness function of soft robots is crucial, as it can enhance the robot's adaptability, safety, and dependability. By adjusting the stiffness, the soft robot is able to maintain a stable motion state in a complex environment, reduce environmental interference, and perform human-like actions with improved target control. The elephant trunk served as inspiration for the way proposed in this study for modifying the soft robot's arm's stiffness. By changing the insertion scheme of the interference plate in a flexible manner, the robot arm can have variable bending capability, allowing it to complete a variety of work instructions given by humans and to satisfy a variety of work requirements.
Application of deep learning in image processing of unmanned vehicles
Authors: Qu Tao
Published: February 2024

Artificial Intelligence has accelerated research on autonomous vehicles in the past few years. However, it is not easy to achieve full autonomy on account of the essence of a complex and dynamic driving environment. Fortunately, the rapid development of deep learning has made great progress, which can be used to solve problems about image processing in the autonomous vehicles field. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the recent deep-learning-based image processing methods that leverage data detected. The paper gives a brief overview of deep learning, discussing basic concepts and principles. We also discuss the common models and architectures of deep learning and introduce typical deep learning techniques: convolutional neural networks (CNN). Furthermore, we divided the application of deep learning in the autonomous vehicles into three parts and discuss them respectively. Finally, we review the disadvantages of the application of deep learning in image processing for autonomous vehicles. On this basis, we put forward our insights and point out promising research directions.
Deep learning based visual perception and decision-making technology for autonomous vehicles
Authors: Zhao Xu
Published: February 2024

Along with the social fast developing and the scientific and technological advancement day by day, the automatic driving system has been widely used in many areas, so it has been a hotspot. Because of the constant progress of the deep learning technique, the vision environmental sensor technique and the behavior decision technique have obtained some inspiration. The paper introduces a new method for detecting target with human body, which is based on recurrent convolution neural networks. In recent years, we have seen a number of developments in the field of decision making, such as reinforcement learning, and the development of deep neural networks. This thesis mainly focuses on the research of VMI and decision algorithms, and gives a brief introduction to their further application in ATS. In this paper, some key techniques of vision sensing and behavior decision are discussed in detail. This paper analyses the merits and deficiencies of current study on environment sensing technique and behavior decision technique. Finally, this paper summarizes and forecasts the vision environmental awareness and behavior decision techniques.