bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freezing stress affects the efficacy of clodinafop-propargyl and 2,4-D plus MCPA on wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu) and turnipweed [Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.] in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Hasanfard Alireza , Rastgoo Mehdi , Darbandi Ebrahim Izadi , Nezami Ahmad , Chauhan Bhagirath Singh
Published: October 2022

The occurrence of freezing stress around herbicides application is one of the most important factors influencing their performance. This experiment was performed to evaluate the efficacy of clodinafop-propargyl and 2,4-D plus MCPA (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid plus 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), the most important herbicides used in wheat fields in Iran, under the influence of a freezing treatment (-4°C). Wheat and its two common weeds, winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu) and turnipweed [Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.], were exposed to the freezing treatment for three nights from 7:00 P.M. to 5:00 A.M. before and after herbicide application, and their response was compared with plants that did not grow under freezing stress. Under no freezing (NF) and freezing after spray (FAS) conditions, winter wild oat was completely controlled with the recommended dose of clodinafop-propargyl (64 g ai ha-1; hereafter g ha-1). However, the survival percentage of winter wild oat in the freezing before spray (FBS) of clodinafop-propargyl 64 g ha-1 was 7%, and it was completely controlled with twice the recommended dose (128 g ha-1). Under NF conditions and FAS treatment, turnipweed was completely controlled with twice the recommended dose of 2,4-D plus MCPA (2025 g ae ha-1; hereafter g ha-1), while there was no complete control under recommended rate. However, in the FBS treatment, the survival of turnipweed was 7% under double dose. The LD50 (dose required to control 50% of individuals in the population) and GR50 (dose causing 50% growth reduction of plants) rankings were NF<FBS<FAS for clodinafop-propargyl and NF<FAS<FBS for 2,4-D plus MCPA. Selectivity index for clodinafop-propargyl in NF conditions, FBS, and FAS treatments was 2.4, 0.91, and 0.78, respectively, and, for 2,4-D plus MCPA, it was 2.6, 0.12, and 0.88, respectively. According to the results of LD50, it can be stated that the freezing stress after the spraying of clodinafop-propargyl and before the spraying of 2,4-D plus MCPA would further reduce the efficacy of these herbicides.
A new asymmetric extended family: Properties and estimation methods with actuarial applications
Authors: Aljohani Hassan M. , Bandar Sarah A. , Al-Mofleh Hazem , Ahmad Zubair , El-Morshedy M. , Afify Ahmed Z.
Published: October 2022

In the present work, a class of distributions, called new extended family of heavy-tailed distributions is introduced. The special sub-models of the introduced family provide unimodal, bimodal, symmetric, and asymmetric density shapes. A special sub-model of the new family, called the new extended heavy-tailed Weibull (NEHTW) distribution, is studied in more detail. The NEHTW parameters have been estimated via eight classical estimation procedures. The performance of these methods have been explored using detailed simulation results which have been ordered, using partial and overall ranks, to determine the best estimation method. Two important risk measures are derived for the NEHTW distribution. To prove the usefulness of the two actuarial measures in financial sciences, a simulation study is conducted. Finally, the flexibility and importance of the NEHTW model are illustrated empirically using two real-life insurance data sets. Based on our study, we observe that the NEHTW distribution may be a good candidate for modeling financial and actuarial sciences data.
School health programs of physical education and/or diet among pupils of primary and secondary school levels I and II linked to body mass index: A systematic review protocol within the project From Science 2 School
Authors: Tanous Derrick R. , Ruedl Gerhard , Kirschner Werner , Drenowatz Clemens , Craddock Joel , Rosemann Thomas , Wirnitzer Katharina
Published: October 2022

The most common causes of death in Western countries today are preventable diseases mainly attributed to daily behavior. It has been well documented that genetics are influential but not the deciding factor for developing non-communicable diseases. Ideally, the public should be educated to perform methods of optimal health and wellbeing independently, meaning that individuals should be in control of their health without relying on others. As behavior is known to be consistent over time, good or poor health behavior will track from childhood into adulthood. Physical activity and diet are permanently linked to the individual’s state of health, and when properly balanced, the effects on personal health summate, resulting in greater benefits from this dual-approach for public health. The objective is to highlight the different approaches (physical intervention, nutritional intervention, and dual-approach of diet and exercise) and identify effective interventions for sustainable body weight and healthy body mass index in school children. A systematic review will be conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The review will assess school-based diet and exercise interventions on children in primary and secondary school levels I and II. Overweight and obesity develop as a result of a prolonged imbalance in the energy balance model, with both physical activity and diet being influential in the fluctuation of body weight. A dual-approach including physical activity and diet could therefore be a very promising method to promote sustainable healthy body weight in school children.
Health system cost of breast cancer treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Demeke Tamiru , Ayele Wondimu , Haile Mariam Damen , Wienke Andreas , Assefa Mathewos , Addissie Adamu , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Unverzagt Susanne , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna
Published: October 2022

Background

Breast cancer is the leading cancer among women with an annual crude incidence of 27.4 per 100,000 in Ethiopia. The aims of this study were to (a) estimate the unit cost of breast cancer treatment for the standard Ethiopian patient, (b) identify the cost drivers, (c) project the total cost of breast cancer treatment for the next five years, and (d) estimate the economic burden of the disease in the main specialized tertiary hospital—Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) Addis Ababa.

Methods

Primary data were collected from health and non-health professionals. Secondary data were collected from patient`s charts and official reports from various national and international organisations including data from TASH. To establish work-time estimates, we asked professionals on their time usage.

Result

A total of US$ 33,261 was incurred to treat 52 Addis Ababa resident female breast cancer patients in TASH between July 2017 and June 2019. The unit cost of treatment for a hypothetical breast cancer patient to complete her treatment was US$ 536 for stage I and US$ 705 for stage II and III using the existing infrastructure. This cost increased to US$ 955 for stage I and US$ 1157 for stage II and III when infrastructure amortization was considered. The projected total costs of breast cancer treatment in TASH is between US$ 540,000 and US$ 1.48million. However, this will increase to US$ 870,000 and US$ 2.29 million when the existing fixed assets are changed.

Conclusion

The economic burden of breast cancer treatment is high compared to the economic status of the country. Thus, it is recommended that TASH should revise its charges and breast cancer should be included in the Social and Community based health insurance scheme.

JEL classification: H51, H75, I18, P46
Spine and lower body symmetry during treadmill walking in healthy individuals—In-vivo 3-dimensional kinematic analysis
Authors: Arauz Paul Gonzalo , Garcia Maria-Gabriela , Chiriboga Patricio , Taco-Vasquez Sebastian , Klaic Diego , Verdesoto Emilia , Martin Bernard
Published: October 2022

Although it is relevant to understand spine and lower body motions in healthy individuals for a variety of applications, such as clinical diagnosis, implant design, and the analysis of treatment outcomes, proper assessment and characterization of normative gait symmetry in healthy individuals remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo 3-dimensional (3D) spine and lower body gait symmetry kinematics during treadmill walking in healthy individuals. Sixty healthy young adults (30 males and 30 females) were evaluated during normal and fast treadmill walking using a motion capture system approach. Statistical parametric mapping and the normalized symmetry index approaches were used to determine spine, pelvis, and lower body asymmetries during treadmill walking. The spine and pelvis angular motions associated with the left and right lower limb motions, as well as the left and right lower extremity joint angles were compared for normal and fast treadmill walking. The lower lumbar left-right rotation (5.74±0.04°) and hip internal rotation (5.33±0.18°) presented the largest degrees of asymmetry during normal treadmill. Upper lumbar left-right lateral flexion (1.48±0.14°) and knee flexion (2.98±0.13°) indicated the largest asymmetries and during fast treadmill walking. Few asymmetry patterns were similar between normal and fast treadmill walking, whereas others appeared either only during normal or fast treadmill walking in this cohort of participants. These findings could provide insights into better understanding gait asymmetry in healthy individuals, and use them as reference indicators in diagnosing and evaluating abnormal gait function.
The effects of fermented vegetable consumption on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and levels of inflammatory markers in women: A pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Galena Amy E. , Chai Jianmin , Zhang Jiangchao , Bednarzyk Michele , Perez Doreen , Ochrietor Judith D. , Jahan-Mihan Alireza , Arikawa Andrea Y.
Published: October 2022

The primary objective of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of regular consumption of fermented vegetables for six weeks on markers of inflammation and the composition of the gut microflora in women (clinical trials ID: NTC03407794). Thirty-one women were randomized into one of three groups: 100 g/day of fermented vegetables (group A), 100 g/day pickled vegetables (group B), or no vegetables (group C) for six weeks. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire and blood and stool samples were provided before and after the intervention for measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). Next-generation sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Participants’ ages ranged between 18 and 69 years. Both groups A and B had a mean daily consumption of 91g of vegetables for 32 and 36 days, respectively. Serum CRP ranged between 0.9 and 265 ng/mL (SD = 92.4) at baseline, while TNF-α and LBP concentrations ranged between 0 and 9 pg/mL (SD = 2.3), and 7 and 29 μg/mL (SD = 4.4), respectively. There were no significant changes in levels of inflammatory markers among groups. At timepoint 2, group A showed an increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P = 0.022), a decrease in Ruminococcus torques (P<0.05), and a trend towards greater alpha diversity measured by the Shannon index (P = 0.074). The findings indicate that consumption of ~100 g/day of fermented vegetables for six weeks is feasible and may result in beneficial changes in the composition of the gut microbiota. Future trials should determine whether consumption of fermented vegetables is an effective strategy against gut dysbiosis.
Lightweight individual cow identification based on Ghost combined with attention mechanism
Authors: Fu Lili , Li Shijun , Kong Shuolin , Ni Ruiwen , Pang Haohong , Sun Yu , Hu Tianli , Mu Ye , Guo Ying , Gong He
Published: October 2022

Individual cow identification is a prerequisite for intelligent dairy farming management, and is important for achieving accurate and informative dairy farming. Computer vision-based approaches are widely considered because of their non-contact and practical advantages. In this study, a method based on the combination of Ghost and attention mechanism is proposed to improve ReNet50 to achieve non-contact individual recognition of cows. In the model, coarse-grained features of cows are extracted using a large sensory field of cavity convolution, while reducing the number of model parameters to some extent. ResNet50 consists of two Bottlenecks with different structures, and a plug-and-play Ghost module is inserted between the two Bottlenecks to reduce the number of parameters and computation of the model using common linear operations without reducing the feature map. In addition, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) is introduced after each stage of the model to help the model to give different weights to each part of the input and extract the more critical and important information. In our experiments, a total of 13 cows’ side view images were collected to train the model, and the final recognition accuracy of the model was 98.58%, which was 4.8 percentage points better than the recognition accuracy of the original ResNet50, the number of model parameters was reduced by 24.85 times, and the model size was only 3.61 MB. In addition, to verify the validity of the model, it is compared with other networks and the results show that our model has good robustness. This research overcomes the shortcomings of traditional recognition methods that require human extraction of features, and provides theoretical references for further animal recognition.
Person-to-person opinion dynamics: An empirical study using an online game
Authors: Adams Johnathan A. , White Gentry , Araujo Robyn P.
Published: October 2022

A model needs to make verifiable predictions to have any scientific value. In opinion dynamics, the study of how individuals exchange opinions with one another, there are many theoretical models which attempt to model opinion exchange, one of which is the Martins model, which differs from other models by using a parameter that is easier to control for in an experiment. In this paper, we have designed an experiment to verify the Martins model and contribute to the experimental design in opinion dynamic with our novel method.
Development of a gait speed estimation model for healthy older adults using a single inertial measurement unit
Authors: Lee Hyang Jun , Park Ji Sun , Bae Jong Bin , Han Ji won , Kim Ki Woong
Published: October 2022

Although gait speed changes are associated with various geriatric conditions, standard gait analysis systems, such as laboratory-based motion capture systems or instrumented walkways, are too expensive, spatially limited, and difficult to access. A wearable inertia sensor is cheap and easy to access; however, its accuracy in estimating gait speed is limited. In this study, we developed a model for accurately estimating the gait speed of healthy older adults using the data captured by an inertia sensor placed at their center of body mass (CoM). We enrolled 759 healthy older adults from two population-based cohort studies and asked them to walk on a 14 m long walkway thrice at comfortable paces with an inertia sensor attached to their CoM. In the middle of the walkway, we placed GAITRite™ to obtain the gold standard of gait speed. We then divided the participants into three subgroups using the normalized step length and developed a linear regression model for estimating the gold standard gait speed using age, foot length, and the features obtained from an inertia sensor, including cadence, vertical height displacement, yaw angle, and role angle of CoM. Our model exhibited excellent accuracy in estimating the gold standard gait speed (mean absolute error = 3.74%; root mean square error = 5.30 cm/s; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.954). Our model may contribute to the early detection and monitoring of gait disorders and other geriatric conditions by making gait assessment easier, cheaper, and more ambulatory while remaining as accurate as other standard gait analysis systems.
Prevalence and associated factors of inappropriate hospital admissions and days of children in a secondary hospital in Shanghai, China
Authors: Liu Wenwei , Zhang Huimin , Zhang Haichen , Lyu Tongzhou , Yuan Suwei
Published: October 2022

Background

Although the appropriateness of hospital utilization of adults and the elderly in China was audited by several studies, the appropriateness of hospital use by children in Shanghai remains to be determined. This study aims to assess the level of inappropriate hospital admissions and hospital days, to detect factors associated with inappropriateness, and to elucidate reasons for inappropriateness.

Methods

A retrospective review of the records of 291 admissions and 1449 hospital days of children inpatients from a secondary hospital in Shanghai was performed by two reviewers using the Chinese version Pediatric Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (C-PAEP). Demographics, socio-economic characteristics, and other admission- or hospital stay-related information were collected and analyzed to determine factors associated with inappropriateness utilizing multivariate regression models.

Results

38.5% (n = 112) of admissions and 9.5% (n = 137) of hospital days were categorized as inappropriate, according to the C-PAEP. Children who were non-Shanghai residents (p < 0.001), admitted through the emergency sector (p = 0.030), and/or received services in a surgical ward (p < 0.001) had a higher risk of being admitted inappropriately. Payment method (p = 0.006), service type (p < 0.001), comorbidity (p = 0.016), length of stay (p = 0.007), and appropriateness of admission (p < 0.001) were found to be associated with prevalence of inappropriate hospital days. Approximately three-fourths of the inappropriate admissions were premature admissions (75.9%, n = 85). The most frequent reasons for inappropriate hospital days were awaiting test results (34.3%, n = 47), awaiting surgery (19.7%, n = 27), awaiting test execution (10.9%, n = 15), and family unprepared for home care (10.9%, n = 15).

Conclusions

Although the extent of inappropriate hospital days was moderate compared with that found by previous investigations, the prevalence of inappropriateness of admission was considerable. To enhance the appropriateness of hospital care for children, interventions could be implemented according to the associated factors and identified causes.
Research on urban path selection of construction vehicles based on bi-objective optimization
Authors: Liu Mengkai , Xu Zepeng
Published: October 2022

With the implementation of urban central rail transit and old city reconstruction projects, construction vehicles frequently enter and depart the urban area. And because of its large volume and other characteristics, it increases the risk probability and severity of urban traffic accidents. This study takes the transportation path selection of construction vehicles as the breakthrough point, weighs the transportation efficiency and safety of construction vehicles, establishes a bi-objective optimization model, involving constraints such as height limit, weight limit, speed limit, direction limit and traffic limit and uses genetic algorithm to solve it. Finally, through case analysis, the user preference is adjusted to conduct functional test and description of the model. The results indicate that the model has the function of transportation vehicle path optimization. In the meantime, compared with the safest route, the time-consuming of the optimal route decreases by 16% and the risk increases by 7.4%, while the time-consuming of it increases by 5% and the risk decreases by 15.4% compared with the shortest route. Moreover, the corresponding coefficients of time-consuming and safety preference can reach about 0.65, and the relevant stakeholders have high acceptance of the route. Further improvement of construction vehicle management mechanism based on path optimization is one of the limited ways to effectively improve the current situation of construction vehicle management.
Pestilence and famine: Continuing down the vicious cycle with COVID-19
Authors: Hyder Sudipta , Chhem Rethy K. , Claes Filip , Karlsson Erik Albert
Published: October 2022

Despite the fact that we produce enough food to feed everyone on Earth, world hunger is on the rise. On the other side of the table, the obesity crisis also weighs heavily. Malnutrition is less about food than about socioeconomic factors such as conflict, poverty, and global disasters such as climate change and the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nutrition and infectious disease exist in an intricate dance. Adequate and balanced nutrition is critical for appropriate response to infection and any changes in the balance can serve as a tipping point for the next pandemic. On the other hand, pandemics, such as COVID-19, lead to greater malnutrition. Both over- and undernutrition increase severity of disease, alter vaccine effectiveness, and potentially create conditions for viral mutation and adaptation—further driving the disease and famine vicious cycle. These long-term health and socioeconomic repercussions have direct effects at individual and global levels and lead to long-term consequences. Therefore, investing in and strengthening public health, pandemic prevention, and nutrition programs become vital at a much more complex systems level.
‘Brand, community, lifestyle’: Fashioning an authentic, body positive influencer brand on Instagram
Authors: Brewster Maureen Lehto , Sklar Monica
Published: October 2022

Fashion influencers on Instagram create intimate and ‘authentic’ content to develop a branded persona, which they can use to build follower relationships and monetize their account through brand partnerships. However, some influencers are leveraging their online status and relationships to form their own fashion brands. This research examines three case studies of influencer-founded fashion brands: Day/Won, a size-inclusive athletic clothing company founded by model Candice Huffine; Premme, a plus-size clothing brand founded by fashion influencers Gabi Gregg and Nicolette Mason; and Megababe, a body positive beauty brand founded by fashion influencer Katie Sturino, to examine how they communicate with followers and reference body positive discourses to represent themselves as ‘authentic’ and inclusive brands. Over 500 Instagram posts from these influencers’ personal and brand accounts were captured and manually coded and analysed using constructivist grounded theory for practices that the accounts used to establish authentic communication with followers. The findings suggest that influencer and brand accounts align their use of engagement, embodiment and expression strategies in order to develop and convey an authentically body positive identity.
Photosynthetic Active Solar Radiation in Lake Teletskoye During the Open Water Period
Authors: Akulova O.B. , Bukaty V.I. , Vagner A.A. , Dyachenko A.V. , Kolomeytsev A.A. , Zinoviev A.T.
Published: October 2022

Spatial and temporal variability of flux density of photosynthetic active solar radiation (PAR) in the waters of large deep-water oligotrophic Lake Teletskoye (Republic of Altai) is considered based on the analyzed experimental data for the years 2016-2021. Probing of the lake water column was implemented using Satlanic PAR sensor as a part of CTD of the SBE 25plus probe at the beginning and the end of the summer heating period. During various years of studying, PAR magnitude monotonically decreased with lake depth increase and practically became zero at horizons from 3 to 14,8 m according to the data received from two weather stations at the reservoir, i.e. in the pelagic zone of rivers Chulyshman and Kokshi. Flux density of photosynthetic active solar radiation in the upper layer made up to 27-1000 μmol/(m2·s) during the observation period. The photic depth zone (at one percent irradiation) in Lake Teletskoye at the Chulyshman station on sunny days reached 14.8 m, while at the Kokshi one — 11.7 m. According to PAR measurements, the attenuation coefficient (extinction coefficient) along the vertical was estimated as 0.1-2.6 m-1. The maximum weakening coefficient at the Chulyshman station was recorded in June 2016 in the surface 3-m layer of the lake (1.8-2.6 m-1), while below 3 m it had values of 0.1-1.9 m-1. The attenuation coefficient varied within 0.1-1.6 m-1 at the Kokshi station. Relative transparency of the Secchi white disk at the Chulyshman and Kokshi stations ranged within 1.3-5.3 and 2.4-6.5 m, respectively. The paper also presents vertical lake profiles of water temperature in June-July — characteristic of direct summer stratification of the reservoir.
Approximated Properties of the Modified Periodogram for Stationary Time Series of Two Vector Valued With Missed Data
Authors: Desokey A.I. EL-
Published: October 2022

The asymptotic properties of the periodogram for stationary two vector valued time series with missed data is presented, and the dispersion properties are investigated.
Ustekinumab-Associated Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Jordan Ariel , Kinnucan Jami
Published: October 2022

Ustekinumab is a common biologic therapy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon condition consisting of a constellation of neurologic findings and characteristic findings on imaging. The association between ustekinumab and PRES is not well defined. We present a case of PRES in a patient with Crohn's disease on ustekinumab and a brief review of the literature. Clinicians should be aware of this rare complication with high morbidity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on ustekinumab and be able to recognize clinical symptoms.
Na “corda bamba”
Authors: Lima Pedro Favarini Aires de , Sousa Caissa Veloso e , Versiani Fernanda
Published: October 2022

Esta pesquisa analisa a contribuição do funk para o empoderamento feminino, a partir da percepção das “funkeiras”. Com base na discussão sobre gênero - dominação masculina e empoderamento feminino - nota-se que o funk é marcado pela relação de poder, causando dúvidas sobre sua contribuição para o empoderamento feminino.PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Funk. Empoderamento Feminino. Dominação Masculina.
Apresentação
Authors: Vannuchi Maria Lúcia , Carvalho Maria Eulina Pessoa de , López Alejandra Montané
Published: October 2022

A chamada para o presente dossiê temático, originalmente intitulado Representações Sociais de Gênero no âmbito da Educação e do Trabalho, visava reunir publicações resultantes de reflexões e pesquisas teóricas e/ou empíricas que abordassem as representações como categoria de análise em articulação com a dimensão de gênero, nos campos da educação e do trabalho, posto que os marcadores de gênero fazem-se presentes na dinâmica das representações sociais – sistemas de significados, valores, ideias e práticas construídas e partilhadas coletivamente.
Estudos decoloniais, transgeracionalidade e violência contra a mulher
Authors: Kolberg Raquel , Wenczenovicz Thais Janaina
Published: October 2022

O artigo analisa a transgeracionalidade da violência contra a mulher sob as lentes dos estudos decoloniais. Para tanto, são abordadas, as origens da subalternização da mulher e as suas ligações com o processo de colonização da América Latina. A conclusão do estudo é no sentido de que o sistema de gênero colonial moderno foi determinante na manutenção do legado da violência de gênero.Palavras-chave: Decolonialidade. Gênero. Violência.
Limites das identidades e devir monstruoso queer
Authors: Viana Igor , Santos Thiago César Carvalho dos
Published: October 2022

Neste artigo propomos a atividade especulativa de realizar uma pergunta à autora Judith Butler: "o que pode um corpo?". A partir dessa pergunta, propomos tensionar o pensamento de Butler para dele fazer emergir um devir monstruoso, terrorista e (an)árquico. Para traçar essas linhas propostas, dividimos o artigo em duas seções que seguem à introdução. Na primeira seção, nos dedicamos a explorar a dimensão do corpo na teoria de Butler a partir de dois eixos operativos: as lógicas do reconhecimento e a performatividade. Já na segunda seção, buscamos explorar a nossa aposta queer em devires monstruosos do corpo como um método crítico de destituição da lei, colocando o pensamento de Butler em diálogo com outros autores como Giorgio Agamben, Achille Mbembe, Paul Preciado e Karen Barad. Por fim, enquanto caminhos possíveis, apontamos para as linhas iniciais do que chamamos de um devir monstruoso queer.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teoria queer. Judith Butler. Reconhecimento. Identidade. Lei.
Outras casas, outras leis – entrevista com Nair Jane de Castro Lima
Authors: Boson Victor Hugo Criscuolo
Published: October 2022

Mulher, negra, trabalhadora doméstica durante décadas e liderança sindical atuante, Nair Jane de Castro Lima representa muitas agências, do passado e do presente, da classe trabalhadora brasileira. Em meio ao turbilhão de uma conjuntura marcada pela crise sanitária mundial do SARS-CoV-2, a entrevista transcende aspectos do contexto imediato ao buscar um ponto narrativo sobre os horizontes de experiência do movimento de luta das trabalhadoras domésticas no país.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sindicalismo. Trabalho doméstico. Interseccionalidade. Direitos trabalhistas. Nair Jane de Castro Lima.
Motivaciones de las niñas chilenas de educación secundaria para escoger áreas de profundización relacionadas com STEM
Authors: Contreras Katherine Quispe , López Alejandra Montané
Published: October 2022

La subrepresentación femenina en STEM puede definirse como el bajo porcentaje de mujeres que se desarrolla en el campo de las ciencias, tecnología, ingeniería o matemática, haciendo que los cargos profesionales en estas áreas estén ocupados principalmente por varones. Este poco interés comienza a manifiestarse en Primaria y Secundaria, donde los y las estudiantes definen sus intereses y áreas de conocimiento a profundizar. El propósito de esta investigación cuantitativa piloto es conocer las motivaciones y los factores influyentes en la elección de las áreas de profundización asociadas a STEM de las niñas chilenas de educación Secundaria. Como instrumento de recolección de datos se utilizó una encuesta online autoadministrada.PALABRAS CLAVE: Mujeres. STEM. Brecha de Género. Motivación.
Tecnologias patenteadas por mulheres da Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Authors: Abreu Alexsandra Martins Ferreira de , Bandeira Maria da Glória Almeida , Vasconcelos Antônio Francisco Fernandes de
Published: October 2022

Aborda a participação da mulher nos pedidos de patentes depositadas pela Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA). O objetivo é analisar a participação de mulheres inventoras em pedidos de patente da instituição e suas respectivas áreas de atuação.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Áreas do Conhecimento. Patentes.
Corpo, tempo e trabalho
Authors: Pinto Simã Catarina de Lima
Published: October 2022

Na sociedade do desempenho, os indivíduos internalizam a ideia de que devem atingir certos níveis de produtividade. A proposta deste artigo é, com base na perspectiva da divisão sexual do trabalho e na análise de dados apresentados em pesquisas sobre o trabalho feminino, apresentar reflexões sobre as formas de apropriação da vida das mulheres na sociedade do desempenho.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Divisão Sexual do Trabalho. Sociedade do Desempenho.
Analysis of the Activities of the Website “Question and Answer about Radiation in Daily Life” after the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and Some Lessons Learned from It: To Pass on This Experience to the Future
Authors: Kono Takahiko , Tanaka Masato , Tanaka Hitomi , Shimo Michikuni , Torii Hiroyuki A. , Uno Kazuko
Published: October 2022

After the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, artificial radionuclides such as radioactive cesium and iodine were released into the environment. It caused great anxiety not only in the vicinity of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant but also in other regions of the world. Some members of the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS), a leading academic society in Japan in the field of radiation protection, volunteered to establish a website called “Question and Answer (Q&A) about radiation in daily life” shortly after the accident to help reduce the residents’ anxiety about the health effects of radiation. In August 2011, “Committee for Q&A about radiation in daily life” was established in JHPS, making the website-related activities a responsibility of JHPS. The Q&A website continued to respond to the questions from the general public with expertise and sincerity until February 2013 when the Committee members decided to end the activities because the number of questions received had gradually decreased with the passage of time. This paper aims to introduce the following: the activities of the Q&A website during the two years (2011–2013), the stance chosen for the activities, the information related to the website activities and the analysis of Twitter data. Building on the experience and the knowledge obtained from the activities, it also discusses issues and experiences that can be utilized in the initial response to emergencies for radiation protection experts as well as those in other fields.
Leksem patchwork we współczesnej polszczyźnie
Authors: Piotrowicz Anna , Witaszek-Samborska Małgorzata
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the semantic evolution of the word patchwork, which has become frequent in contemporary Polish. This appropriate borrowing from English was registered in Polish lexicography for the first time in 1995. In the twenty years since then, it showed its new meanings different from the original ‘artistic handicraft technique, consisting in stitching together pieces of material of different colours and shapes’, ‘composition resulting from the use of this technique’ and ‘product formed in this manner, for example bedspread, tapestry, clothes’. Nowadays, this lexeme can refer to any term referring to a particular or abstract designatum which ‘creates a coherent whole, but consists of various elements’ and also – as a derivatives of phraseology the patchwork family – means ‘a family founded by parents, at least one of whom has had a previous unsuccessful relationship or marriage involving their common children, their children from previous relationships, and sometimes also former partners and their relatives’.
Wyznaczniki językowo-stylistyczne obrazu Wielkopolski w Listach z narodowej pielgrzymki Ryszarda Berwińskiego
Authors: Maćkowiak Krzysztof
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes Listy z narodowej pielgrzymki ( Letters from the national pilgrimage ) by Ryszard Berwiński. It is a series of five texts written in prose in which the author tells his impressions from a trip to the vicinity of Gopło, probably in the summer of 1838. At that time, such escapades became fashionable in Poland. The aim of the study is to define the lexis used in the Letters to describe the cultural landscape of Greater Poland in order to identify the aforementioned word material and analyse the way it is used.
„Zaszczytnie odznaczeni na polu naukowem”. Obraz polskich uczonych i badaczy w „Wędrowcu” (1863–1906)
Authors: Pietrzak Magdalena
Published: October 2022

The aim of the article is to present the linguistic image of Polish scholars and research- ers whose profiles, biographies and obituaries were published in the Warsaw weekly newspaper Wędrowiec (Traveller) in the second half of the nineteenth century. Ana- lysing the collected texts, the author distinguished a set of seven aspects which were taken into account by the journalists of Wędrowiec to present the profiles of the schol- ars. Those aspects are the following: the subject of research, scientific achievements, journalistic and publishing activities, didactic and educational activities, science-pro- moting activities, organisational activities, awards and distinctions. They were deter- mined by the points of view adopted by the authors of the texts. There are three domi- nant points of view: the one of an expert, a Pole and a positivist. These points of view coexist and complement each other. The expert and specialist informed the reader in detail about the scientific career and achievements of the scholars. The Polish publi- cist expressed his joy at the international success of his countrymen. He observed their research and scientific achievements with attention; especially those that influenced the development of fields important for the country. The positivist and journalist noticed and emphasised the utilitarian dimension of the scientific and research activities of the scholars.
“I must have been changed several times since then”
Authors: Dillon Jade
Published: October 2022

Plagued in Wonderland by questions of self-uncertainty, Alice endures a journey of nonsensical adventures only to wake up and discover it was all a dream. However, the Caterpillar’s enigmatic question – “who are you?” – prevails, and this article asks the same question of Camille Rose Garcia’s illustrated Alice – who is she? This article explores the character of Alice in Garcia’s Wonderland and investigates the impact of Walt Disney’s 1951 animated film on her illustrative styling. The Disney metapicture is an important lens here as the uncanny resemblance to the 1951 Alice looms in Garcia’s depiction of Carroll’s protagonist. Thus, I perform a close reading of a selection of illustrations from her 2010 published edition of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland through a Disney lens. The idea of a “gothic Alice” is quite significant in relation to girlhood studies as it (re)-positions the notion of normative femininity and allows for expanded interpretations of what it means to identify as “girl.” In this case, Garcia’s Alice repositions the protagonist away from the image of the Victorian child (John Tenniel’s image in the first edition) and the docile, doe-eyed young girl of Disney’s construction. Instead, she represents the “other.” Overall, Garcia’s version of Alice stems from the haunting presence of Disney’s 1951 animated dreamchild. Through allusion and metapicture, Garcia creates a wasteland that adds to the contemporary (re)-interpretation of Alice.
The effects of breastfeeding and formula feeding on the metabolic factors and the expression level of obesity and diabetes‐predisposing genes in healthy infants
Authors: Cheshmeh Sahar , Nachvak Seyed Mostafa , Hojati Niloofar , Elahi Negin , Heidarzadeh‐Esfahani Neda , Saber Amir
Published: October 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity are common illnesses characterized by glucose metabolism issues and excessive weight gain. Breastfeeding is the best way to feed a newborn up to 6 months old and it has been shown to reduce the risk of diabetes and obesity later in life due to its nutritional properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of breastfeeding, formula feeding, and formula‐plus breastfeeding (mix‐feeding) on the anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and the expression level of obesity and diabetes‐predisposing genes of healthy infants. A total of 150 healthy infants were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study. All infants (aged 24 months) were divided into three groups based on the type of feeding, breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mix‐feeding. The anthropometric indices, glycemic indexes, lipid profile, and the expression levels of acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), liver X receptor α (LXR‐α), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPAR‐γ), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genes were measured in all infants using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. The anthropometric indices including weight, height, head circumference, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) were lower in the breastfeeding infants in comparison to other groups. As well, the expression level of the ACACB gene was significantly downregulated in breastfeeding infants, while the PPAR‐γ gene was significantly upregulated, but the expression levels of LXR‐ α, PTEN and BDNF did not change significantly across groups. Breastfeeding compared to formula feeding had positive effects on anthropometric indices, metabolic variables, and diabetes‐predisposing genes.
Assessment of cerebrovascular function in patients with sickle cell disease using transfer function analysis
Authors: Sayin Ece Su , Sobczyk Olivia , Poublanc Julien , Mikulis David J. , Fisher Joseph A. , Kuo Kevin H. M. , Duffin James
Published: October 2022

In patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), the delivery of oxygen to the brain is compromised by anemia, abnormal rheology, and steno‐occlusive vascular disease. Successful compensation depends on an increase in oxygen supply such as that provided by an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF). We used magnetic resonance imaging to provide a high‐resolution assessment of the ability of SCD patients to respond to a vasoactive stimulus in middle, anterior, and posterior cerebral artery territories for both white and gray matter. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was measured as the blood oxygen level dependent signal (a surrogate for CBF) response to an increase in the end tidal partial pressure of CO2 (PETCO2). The dynamic aspect of the response was measured as the time constant of the first order response kinetics (tau). To confirm and support these findings we used an alternative examination of the response, transfer function analysis (TFA), to measure the responsiveness (gain), the speed of response (phase), and the consistency of the response over time (coherence). We tested 34 patients with SCD and compared the results to those of 24 healthy controls participants. The results from a three‐way ANOVA showed that patients with SCD have reduced CVR (p < 0.001) and lower coherence (p < 0.001) in gray matter and white matter and reduced gain in gray matter only (p < 0.001). In terms of the speed of the response to CO2, tau (p < 0.001) and TFA phase (p < 0.001) were increased in SCD patients compared to healthy control subjects. These findings show that the cerebrovascular responsiveness to CO2 in patients with SCD is both decreased and slowed compared to healthy controls.
Independent effects of sex and stress on fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive hypertension
Authors: Brostek Autumn , Hong Nancy J. , Zhang Ronghao , Forester Beau R. , Barmore Lauren E. , Kaydo Lindsey , Kluge Nicholas , Smith Corey , Garvin Jeffrey L. , Gonzalez‐Vicente Agustin
Published: October 2022

Proximal tubule fructose metabolism is key to fructose‐induced hypertension, but the roles of sex and stress are unclear. We hypothesized that females are resistant to the salt‐sensitive hypertension caused by low amounts of dietary fructose compared to males and that the magnitude of the increase in blood pressure (BP) depends, in part, on amplification of the stress response of renal sympathetic nerves. We measured systolic BP (SBP) in rats fed high salt with either no sugar (HS), 20% glucose (GHS) or 20% fructose (FHS) in the drinking water for 7–8 days. FHS increased SBP in both males (Δ22 ± 9 mmHg; p < 0.046) and females (Δ16 ± 3 mmHg; p < 0.0007), while neither GHS nor HS alone induced changes in SBP in either sex. The FHS‐induced increase in SBP as measured by telemetry in the absence of added stress (8 ± 2 mmHg) was significantly lower than that measured by plethysmography (24 ± 5 mmHg) (p < 0.014). However, when BP was measured by telemetry simulating the stress of plethysmography, the increase in SBP was significantly greater (15 ± 3 mmHg) than under low stress (8 ± 1 mmHg) (p < 0.014). Moderate‐stress also increased telemetric diastolic (p < 0.006) and mean BP (p < 0.006) compared to low‐stress in FHS‐fed animals. Norepinephrine excretion was greater in FHS‐fed rats than HS‐fed animals (Male: 6.4 ± 1.7 vs.1.8 ± 0.4 nmole/kg/day; p < 0.02. Female 54 ± 18 vs. 1.2 ± 0.6; p < 0.02). We conclude that fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive hypertension is similar in males and females unlike other forms of hypertension, and the increase in blood pressure depends in part on an augmented response of the sympathetic nervous system to stress.
On-board BDS dynamic filtering ballistic determination and precision evaluation
Authors: Zhao Shu-Qiang , Chang Jia-Yu
Published: October 2022

BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) receivers on-board cannot give real-time positioning precision in tracking missile and carrier rocket. In this article, the dynamic filtered optimal estimation theory is applied to the highly dynamic on-board BDS ballistic parameter solution, an optimally constrained geometric dilution precision (GDOP) constellation selection strategy is proposed, a mathematical model based on dynamic filtered estimation for the ballistic determination and precision estimation of the on-board BDS is established, and an analysis of the on-board BDS positioning precision is carried out using the observed data. The calculation results show that the dynamic filter positioning algorithm is simple, practical, and reliable, which can effectively suppress and reduce the random errors of ballistic parameters and significantly improve the positioning precision, fully satisfying the needs of high dynamic and high precision navigation and positioning users, and has good application prospects.
The ZEW Financial Market Survey Panel
Authors: Brückbauer Frank , Schröder Michael
Published: October 2022

The ZEW Financial Market Survey is a monthly panel survey among financial market experts that was launched in December 1991. The survey focuses on the experts’ expectations about international financial markets and macroeconomic developments. We describe the ZEW Financial Market Survey and the resulting research dataset, which is available for free for academic researchers, is large and includes long individual time series (99,001 responses by 2002 respondents, as of September 2021), and contains rich information on the financial market experts collected over the years and which can be combined with the data on expectations.
Detective Chinatown Pursues the “Tao” First: An Interview with Director Chen Sicheng
Authors: Wang Haizhou
Published: October 2022

This interview was conducted between Chen Sicheng, a Chinese actor, director, and screenwriter, who is known for his leading roles in the films A Young Prisoner’s Revenge (Faguan mama, 2001) and Spring Fever (Chunfeng chenzui de yewan, 2009) as well as his directorial blockbuster comedy film series Detective Chinatown, and Wang Haizhou, a professor of Film Studies at Beijing Film Academy. In this interview, drawing on his own artistic experience and creative practice, director Chen Sicheng focuses on the themes, genre, scriptwriting, performance, production values and other aspects of the Detective Chinatown series. He expresses his artistic views and creative thought at length and expounds the exploratory significance of the Detective Chinatown series for China’s film industry. He emphasizes that creative works should have both “Tao” and “Technique,” and that “Tao” should be located first to clarify the theme and value of the work. He also discusses the intention behind the Detective Chinatown series to create a subgenre in which mystery, suspense, detective work, and comedy combine, and gives a multifaceted analysis of the actors’ performance in Detective Chinatown 3. All of this will enlighten the audience and enable a deeper appreciation of Detective Chinatown 3.