bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY TRAINING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS (KPS) IPA FISIKA SISWA KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Juanta Palma , NK Nababan Marlince , Sijabat Apriani , Yohandri Yohandri , Festiyed Festiyed
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  mengetahui hasil belajar IPA FISIKA dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran  pada materi  Suhu dan kalor  kelas VII di SMP Swasta Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023, dilakukan penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan  rendahnya hasil belajar IPA  lima tahun terakhir sampai tahun 2021/202, sehingga hasil belajar siswa kurang memuaskan hal ini disebabkan siswa menganngap IPA itu mata pelajaran yang sulit terutama IPA Fisika karena hasil belajar siswa kelas VII di SMP Swasta Dr. Wahidin , untuk itu perlu menggunakan metode dan model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar terutama pada keterampilan proses sains siswa. penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang modelnya dikembangkan oleh Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen tes pretest dan postest dengan populasi sebanyak 210 siswa yang tersebar  pada 7 kelas paralel dan diambil satu kelas dengan 30 siswa sebagai sampel. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan analisis interaktif. Penggunaan model pembelajaran inquiry Training memberikan pengaruh baik tehadap peningkatan keterampilan proses sains. Penelitian dilakukan dalam prasiklus dan  dua siklus. Pada pra siklus tanggal 5 September 2022 dengan pretest dengan nilai ketuntasan hanya 16,67 %,  pada siklus I pada tanggal 12 September 2022, ketuntasan  76,67%. Kemudian dilakukan lagi perbaikan pembelajaran pada siklus II, pada tanggal  19 September  2022, dengan inquiry training, ketuntasan 83,33 %.
MENINGKATKAN PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA KELAS IV SD MENGGUNAKAN METODE COURSE REVIEW HORAY
Authors: Nofitaria Nofitaria , Sundahry Sundahry , Apdoludin Apdoludin , Putra Yogi Irdes
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ntuk meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan dua siklus masing masing siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan metode Course Review Horay dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik kelas IV SDN 094/II Muara Bungo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Rincian hasil observasi pendidik pada siklus I dengan rata-rata aktivitas pendidik 96,99%, pada siklus II rata-rata aktivitas pendidik 96,99% dengan katogori sangat baik. Hasil observasi siswa siklus I data analisis aktivitas siswa sebesar 62,5% meningkat menjadi 80% pada siklus II. Sedangkan ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 60% meningkat menjadi 90% pada siklus II. Disimpulkan penggunaan metode Course Review Horay dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar IPA.
PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA UNTUK MEMBENTUK PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Safitri Lintang , Susanti Maya , Anggun Cindy , Wahyuni Sri , Yusmar Firdha , Nuha Ulin
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran IPA berbasis kearifan lokal dalam membentuk karakter Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Karakteristik utama kurikulum merdeka ialah pengembangan softskills serta karakter peserta didik sesuai dengan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Salah satu pembelajaran esensial yang ada di kurikulum merdeka ialah pembelajaran IPA. Pembelajaran IPA pada kurikulum merdeka bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan dasar peserta didik untuk menganalisis gejala alam dan teknologi yang muncul dalam kehidupan sehari-hari secara sistematis dan kritis. Pengembangan pembelajaran IPA dapat dilakukan sesuai keunggulan dan keunikan daerah. Adanya unsur kearifan lokal ini melatih peserta didik agar dapat mengkaji kearifan lokal yang ada di lingkungan sekitarnya secara ilmiah. Penanaman dan penumbuhan nilai kearifan lokal serta karakter peserta didik dapat beracuan dari pembelajaran IPA. Metode dalam penelitian ini yakni Studi Literatur menggunakan pengkajian dan penelitian yang beracuan dari google scholar yaitu terdiri dari 5 artikel, dokumen, dan buku berdasarkan terbitan 10 tahun terakhir yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian analisis pada kelima artikel menunjukan pembelajaran IPA berbasis kearifan lokal dapat digunakan sebagai acuan belajar untuk menanamkan nilai kearifan lokal dan karakter peserta didik. Sehingga dapat menjadikan peserta didik sebagai pelajar yang berkarakter, kompeten, serta bertingkah laku sesuai dengan nilai Pancasila.
Concepto de diversidad en la universidad desde la política institucional y las creencias del personal docente e investigador. Convergencias y desencuentros
Authors: Álvarez Castillo José Luis , Fernández Caminero Gemma
Published: July 2023

Las políticas institucionales de la educación superior están impulsando las prácticas de atención a la diversidad en numerosas regiones del mundo, pero no lo están haciendo desde significados unívocos ni tampoco probablemente en coordinación con las comprensiones de la diversidad que mantienen los diferentes colectivos de la comunidad universitaria. Desde esta hipótesis de partida, el artículo se halla orientado a revisar la investigación reciente sobre las perspectivas en torno a la diversidad que se derivan, por una parte, del discurso de los líderes y de la documentación institucional de las universidades y, por otra, de la información proporcionada por el personal docente e investigador, con el fin de identificar convergencias y desencuentros en el seno de los ámbitos decisorio y práctico, así como entre ambos. Los resultados de los estudios revisados sugieren que, en la educación superior, las concepciones sobre diversidad del liderazgo institucional de alto nivel son parciales y mayoritariamente no críticas, pero son priorizadas en su traslación a la práctica con escasa resistencia por parte del profesorado, cuyas creencias sobre diversidad no se caracterizan, en general, por demasiada consistencia ni compromiso, salvo en determinadas minorías que cuentan con el apoyo de líderes intermedios, pero cuya efectividad se difumina en ocasiones en las dinámicas institucionales. Aunque, en términos generales, las políticas de las universidades occidentales ya reconocen desde hace tiempo las diferencias intergrupales y orientan la implementación de actuaciones en materia de diversidad, siguen careciendo de un liderazgo proactivo con una comprensión holística y crítica de la diversidad que impulse un conocimiento y una conciencia más compartida en la comunidad universitaria sobre las necesidades de todos los grupos y personas vulnerables.
Edukasi Penerapan Protokol Kesehatan Dalam Upaya Memutus Penularan Covid-19 Di Desa Wanamekar Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Kurniawan Achmad Wildan , Nugraha Andri , Sari Putri Mutiara
Published: July 2023

Â AbstrakCoronavirus adalah suatu virus yang mudah tersebar dari satu tempat ke tempat lainnya maka dari itu perlunya menjaga diri dengan menuruti anjuran protokol kesehatan yang sudah dianjurkan. Protokol kesehatan tersebut bisa diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari agar mengurangi penyebaran coronavirus. Ada berbagai macam protokol kesehatan yang harus diterapkan seperti menjaga jarak, mencuci tangan setelah bepergian dan lain sebagainya. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan edukasi pentingnya sebagai warga masyarakat khususnya Desa Warnamekar untuk sadar untuk mematuhi protocol kesehatan yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan terjun langsung ke lapangan berupa kegiatan penyemprotan disinfektan, pembagian masker gratis, bersih-bersih masjid, pengadaan hand sanitizer dan sabun cuci tangan serta pembuatan baliho dan poster yang dipasang di lingkungan pasar dan tembok masjid. Hasil pengabdian ini meningkatnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pentingnta protocol kesehatan pada masa pandemi Covid 19 yang sedang kita hadapi bersama, masyarakat juga lebih peka terhadap pentingnya hidup sehat serta tidak pernah bosan untuk terus melakukan standar protokol kesehatan.Kata-kata kunci: Corona virus; protokol kesehatan; kuliah kerja nyata. Abstract Coronavirus is a virus that easily spreads from one place to another, therefore it is necessary to take care of yourself by following the recommended health protocols. These health protocols can be applied in everyday life to reduce the spread of the coronavirus. There are various health protocols that must be implemented such as maintaining distance, washing hands after traveling and so on. The purpose of this service is to provide education on the importance of being citizens of the community, especially in Warnamekar Village, to be aware of complying with the health protocols set by the government. The implementation method is carried out by going directly to the field in the form of spraying disinfectants, distributing free masks, cleaning mosques, procuring hand sanitizers and hand washing soap as well as making billboards and posters that are installed in the market environment and mosque walls. The results of this service increase public knowledge about the importance of health protocols during the Covid 19 pandemic that we are facing together, people are also more sensitive to the importance of healthy living and never get bored of continuing to follow health protocol standards. Keywords: Corona virus; health protocols; Community Service Program.
Sosialisasi Cyberpreneurship Desa Cinta Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Mujianto Haryadi , Nurhadi Zikri Fachrul
Published: July 2023

AbstrakTrend berwirausaha di kalangan masyarakat Desa Cinta, Kabupaten Garut meningkat sejak awal tahun 2020. Munculnya produk lokal oleh-oleh khas Desa Cinta merupakan bukti otentik bagi perkembangan wirausaha di Desa ini. Pendistribusian produk kepada konsumen masih mengandalkan penjualan secara offline melalui toko oleh-oleh setempat. Adapun potensi yang dapat digali diantaranya adalah menjual produk secara online. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah masyarakat setempat belum terbiasa menggunakan internet sebagai media untuk menjual produk. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan sosialisasi mengenai cyberpreneurship yaitu berwirausaha melalui media internet. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu materi cyberpreneurship dengan metode/pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu seminar dan pelatihan berupa ceramah dan praktik secara langsung. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat serta konstribusi pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Desa Cinta yaitu bertambahnya pengetahuan dan wawasan masyarakat mengenai cyberpreneurship sehingga produk yang mereka ciptakan dapat dijual secara lebih luas secara online ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Dengan demikian perkembangan perekonomian masyarakat Desa Cinta dapat lebih meningkat.Â Kata-kata kunci: Kewirausahaan; cyberpreneurship; internet.Abstract The trend of entrepreneurship among the people of Cinta Village, Garut Regency has increased since the beginning of 2020. The emergence of local products typical of Cinta Village is authentic evidence for the development of entrepreneurship in this village. Product distribution to consumers still relies on offline sales through local gift shops. The potential that can be explored is selling products online. The problem faced is that local people are not used to using the internet as a medium to sell products. The purpose of this community service is to provide socialization about cyberpreneurship, namely entrepreneurship through internet media. The material used is cyberpreneurship material with the method/approach used, namely seminars and training in the form of lectures and direct practice. The results of community service and community service contributions in Cinta Village are increasing public knowledge and insight about cyberpreneurship so that the products they create can be sold more widely online throughout Indonesia. Thus the economic development of the Cinta Village community can be further increased. Keywords: Entrepreneurship; cyberpreneurship; internet. Â
Pengembangan Pemasaran Produk Kulit melalui Teknologi Digital di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di Sukaregang Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Suseno Novie Susanti , Lestari Adinda , Sofyan Sistha Drana , Nurbayani Ima , Yulianti Khopiva Sri
Published: July 2023

Abstrak Kota Wetan merupakan kelurahan yang mayoritas masyarakatnya bekerja sebagai pengrajin kulit seperti kulit sapi, kulit domba dan kulit kerbau. Hasil olahan kulit tersebut dimanfaatkan menjadi produk yang bernilai tinggi. Hasil olahan kulitnya dapat berupa jaket kulit, tas kulit, sepatu kulit dan masih banyak lagi. Pemasaran online saat ini telah menjadi tren untuk melakukan promosi, meningkatkan jumlah pelanggan baru untuk memperluas pasar, dan mempertahankan loyalitas pelanggan lama untuk meningkatkan volume penjualan. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk membantu Toko Raflesia dalam memanfaatkan teknologi internet di bidang jual beli berbasis online (Whatsapp, Instagram dan Shopee) serta memperbaiki cara pengemasan produk agar lebih menarik. Tujuan tersebut dicapai melalui pelatihan pengelolaan dan memberikan pengarahan, pemahaman betapa pentingnya promosi produk menggunakan media internet. Serta melakukan pendampingan pelatihan pemasaran menggunakan sosial media dan E-Commerce sebagai bentuk promosi produk. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini membawa implikasi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan Toko Raflesia dalam mengembangkan elektronik marketing, meningkatkan kemampuan pemasaran secara online, meningkatkan keterampilan dalam proses pengemasan produk serta meningkatkan pendapatan bagi toko tersebut.Kata-kata kunci: Pemasaran online; pengembangan pengemasan produk; teknologi digital; sukaregang leather industry. Abstract Kota Wetan is a village where the majority of the people work as craftsmen of leather such as cowhide, sheepskin and buffalo skin. The processed skin products are used to become high-value products. Processed leather products can be in the form of leather jackets, leather bags, leather shoes and many more. Today's online marketing has become a trend for promotion, increasing the number of new customers to expand the market, and maintaining old customer loyalty to increase sales volume. The purpose of this activity is to help Raflesia Shop in utilizing internet technology in the field of online-based buying and selling (Whatsapp, Instagram and Shopee) as well as perfecting product packaging to make it more attractive. This goal is achieved through management training and providing direction, understanding the importance of product promotion using internet media. As well as providing marketing training assistance using social media and E-Commerce as a form of product promotion. The results of this activity have implications for increasing the knowledge and skills of Rafflesia Store in developing electronic marketing, increasing online marketing capabilities, increasing skills in the product packaging process and increasing revenue for the store. Keywords: Online-Marketing; product packaging improvement; digital technology; sukaregang leather industry.Â
Pembinaan Public Speaking Pada Lapas Anak Kelas IIB Kota Batam
Authors: Cindoswari Ageng Rara , Abidin Sholihul
Published: July 2023

Abstract The limited resources of teaching staff and coaching materials are problems that arise in the coaching process that occurs in class IIB children's prisons in Batam City. On the other hand, the ability to speak in public becomes a sufficient skill and expertise to generate income. Some of the professions that are in great demand in the world of work include professions related to the ability to speak in public, for example work as a public relations officer, marketing officer, journalist, presenter, so that coaching related to public speaking for the inmates of the IIB Children's Prison in Batam City is necessary. conducted. The purpose of this service is to provide public speaking coaching for class IIB prison children. The method of devotion carried out through coaching is carried out 3 times face-to-face where at each meeting participants will be provided with skills in public speaking, namely about the practice of knowledge and writing speeches. The results of this activity are (1) The development of public speaking at the children's prison in Batam went smoothly, which was greeted with high enthusiasm and motivation to learn, (2) The material presented in the coaching is in accordance with the needs of the participants as skill capital when they are free later, (3) The inmates' ability to speak in public is quite good after attending the coaching meeting. Key words: Public speaking; talk; coaching; child wipes. Â Abstrak Keterbatasan sumber daya tenaga pengajar dan materi pembinaan menjadi persoalan yang menonjol pada proses pembinaan terjadi pada lapas anak kelas IIB di Kota Batam. Di sisi lain, kemampuan berbicara di depan umum dewasa ini menjadi keterampilan dan keahlian yang cukup menjanjikan untuk menghasilkan pendapatan. Beberapa profesi yang sangat diminati dalam dunia kerja diantaranya adalah profesi yang berkaitan dengan kemampuan berbicara di depan umum contoh saja pekerjaan sebagai humas, marketing officer, jurnalis, presenter, sehingga pembinaan terkait dengan public speaking pada warga binaan lapas anak IIB di Kota Batam perlu dilakukan. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan pembinaan public speaking pada anak lapas kelas IIB. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan melalui pembinaan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali tatap muka di mana pada masingmasing pertemuan peserta akan dibekali pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam public speaking yakni seputar praktek pidato dan penulisan naskah berpidato. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah (1) Pembinaan public speaking pada lapas anak di kota batam berjalan dengan lancar, dimana disambut dengan antusiasme dan motivasi belajar yang tinggi, (2) Materi yang disajikan pada pembinaan sesuai dengan kebutuhan peserta sebagai modal keterampilan ketika bebas kelak, (3) Kemampuan berbicara didepan umum yang dimiliki oleh warga binaan cukup baik setelah mengikuti serangkaian pertemuan pembinaan.Kata-kata kunci: Public speaking; pidato; pembinaan; lapas anak.Â
Pengembangan Teknik Menulis Berita bagi Siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 25, Setiabudi, Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Khohar Abdul , Pranawati Rita , Kumala Anisia
Published: July 2023

Setiap siswa hendaknya dibekali dengan kemampuan soft skill yang mumpuni. Satu dari kemampuan soft skill yang harus dimiliki adalah kemampuan menulis. Kegiatan menulis merupakan pengembangan dari mengimplementasikan budaya literasi di kelangan siswa. SMA Muhammadiyah 25 Pamulang adalah target pelatihan menulis yang diselenggarakan oleh Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA. Tujuan pelatihan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan para siswa di sekolah untuk dapat menulis berita tentang sebuah peristiwa. Dengan kemampuan tersebut diharapkan para siswa dapat membuat tulisan dalam bentuk berita yang dapat berguna bagi pengembangan skill mereka. Kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan melalui proses pelatihan dengan metode partisipatif. Metode partisipatif digunakan untuk mengajak peserta berpartisipasi dalam pelatihan dengan mengungkapkan pengalamannya, melakukan praktik menulis dan evaluasi oleh para mentor yang mendampingi. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan siswa SMA Muhammadiyah 25 Pamulang dapat mengembangkan diri mereka dalam rangka menghadapi persaingan global yang ada di depan mata.
Desempenho de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento para a cultura do feijão-cupi.
Authors:   , de Oliveira Dantas Júnior Marcelo
Published: July 2023

O uso da água, a topografia do terreno, a qualidade da água influenciam na uniformidade de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento. Devido ao grau de entupimento nos gotejadores e eficiência do sistema. Por isso a avaliação do sistema de irrigação através dos coeficientes de uniformidade são de relevância para determinar a uniformidade de distribuição de água. O método de irrigação localizada, com sistema por gotejamento, foi constituído de uma linha principal. As linhas laterais foram constituídas de fitas gotejadoras com emissores espaçados a cada 0,1 m e vazão de 1,05 L h-1 quando operando em vazão de 0,5 bar. Com isso o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar desempenho do sistema de irrigação por gotejamento para cultura de feijão-caupi cultivado sob níveis de reposição da água evapotranspiração, com delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro níveis de reposição da água perdida por evapotranspiração da cultura (25, 50, 75, 100% da ETc) e quatro repetições (blocos). Os resultados demonstraram que o grau de entupimento (GE) variou entre 10,87 com a reposição de 75% da ETc até 21,19 na reposição de 25% da ETc, evidenciando que o GE classifica-se como médio entre 10 e 40% para o grau de entupimento dos emissores.
Dependence of standardization parameters of type Ia supernova light curves on redshift
Authors: Mahtessian A. P. , Karapetian G. S. , M. A. Hovhannisyan M. A. , Mahtessian L. A.
Published: July 2023

The paper shows that the parameters X1 and C used to standardize the luminosity of type Ia supernovae in the SALT2 model are highly dependent on redshift. This leads to the fact that during standardization, with increasing z, the average absolute stellar magnitude of type Ia supernovae artificially increases and, therefore, for a given apparent magnitude, we attribute to them, on average, a greater distance than they actually have. And therefore, it is believed that they are receding with acceleration. Therefore, such standardization is unsuitable for measuring distances to type Ia supernovae. If the standardization parameter (−αX1 + βC) is replaced by the redshift-dependent parameter (εz), then the parameter ΩΛ turns into 0 in the ΛCDM model.
Of the new opportunity of solving the Ambartsumian’s functional equation in the theory of radiative transfer
Authors: Pikichyan H. V.
Published: July 2023

A new approach to solving of the Ambartsumian’s functional equation is presented. Its application is illustrated on the two classical cases: a) in the case of a plane-parallel semi-infinite medium with monochromatic anisotropic scattering and b) the simple one-dimensional problem of diffuse reflection of radiation from the scattering-absorbing semi-infinite medium in the case of the general law of redistribution of radiation by frequencies. The desired: a) azimuthal harmonics of reflection function dependent on two angular variables are explicitly expressed through the according eigenfunctions of one angle variable and b) diffuse reflection function of two frequency variables also expressed through a system of according eigenfunctions which have only one frequency variable. This does not require the use of any simplifying assumptions or special decompositions of the characteristics of elementary act of scattering: a) of scattering indicatrix and b) of the redistribution function of radiation by frequencies.
The essence of onset and self-sustenance of turbulence in astrophysical shear flows Sources
Authors: Kavtaradze M. , Mamatsashvili G. , Chagelishvil G.
Published: July 2023

To understand the mechanism of the self-sustenance of subcritical turbulence in spectrally stable astrophysical (constant) shear flows, we performed direct numerical simulations of turbulence in plane hydrodynamic and MHD homogeneous shear flows in the local shearing-box approximation with subsequent analysis of the dynamical processes in spectral/Fourier space. In the MHD case, we considered uniform magnetic field directed parallel to the flow. There are no exponentially growing modes in such flows and the turbulence is instead energetically supported only by the linear transient growth of Fourier harmonics of perturbations due to the shear flow non-normality. This non-normality-induced growth, also known as nonmodal growth, is anisotropic in Fourier space, which, in turn, leads to a specific anisotropy of nonlinear processes in this space. As a result, a main nonlinear process in shear flows is transverse (angular) redistribution of harmonics in Fourier space – nonlinear transverse cascade – rather than usual direct or inverse cascades. It is demonstrated that the turbulence is sustained by a subtle interplay between the linear nonmodal growth and the nonlinear transverse cascade for all considered flow configurations. The only energy supplier for the turbulence is the linear transient growth of perturbations due to the flow shear, which is mediated by Reynolds and Maxwell stresses, extracting, respectively, kinetic and magnetic energy from the background flow – the nonlinear processes do not directly change the total perturbation energy but only redistribute it among Fourier harmonics of perturbations. We propose the basic cycles of the turbulence sustenance in the considered cases, which clearly show the synergy of linear and nonlinear processes in the self-organization of the flow. Performing numerical simulations for different values of the background magnetic field, we show that with the increase of the field, the onset of turbulence occurs at larger times and the power of turbulence reduces. Finally, at definite threshold background magnetic field the flow completely stabilizes. It is significant that, there is an essential difference in the energy supply of plane and rotating/Keplerian astrophysical shear flows: in plane shear flows the leading linear process energetically supplying turbulence is due to the kinematics (Reynolds stress), while for Keplerian rotation – is due to magnetic field (Maxwell stress).
Classification of Blazars by Activity Types
Authors: Abrahamyan H. V. , Mickaelian A. M. , Mikayelyan G. A. , Paronyan G. M. , Sukiasyan A. G. , Mkrtchyan V. K. , L. A. Hambardzumyan L. A.
Published: July 2023

Blazars are the most energetic sources in the Universe. They unify two major types of objects: BL Lac objects and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQ). So far, 3561 blazars are known from BZCAT v.5 catalogue. However, in BZCAT v.5 all blazars are grouped into four main classes, where extended radio sources and some unknown objects are added: BZB (BL Lac objects), BZQ (FSR Quasars), BZG (Blazar-like (BZQ-like) Galaxies) and BZU (Blazars of Unknown subtypes). There is no information about optical classification of these sources. We have accomplished optical classification for BZU and BZG sources, which have optical spectra from SDSS catalogue. Most of these sources had no optical class before or have changed their optical classification after our work. For some blazars, we obtained optical classes for the first time. In the current work we have done an overall optical investigation for all classes of blazars (BZB, BZQ, BZG and BZU). After the optical classification, some BZU sources, which have SDSS spectra, have changed to QSO (BZQ) or Galaxies (BZG). This way we give a better understanding of objects included in BZCAT v.5.
النفوذ التركي في الصومال بعد عام 2011
Authors: المفرجي فاطمة
Published: July 2023

اتبعت تركيا في القرن الحادي والعشرين سياسة التوسع والنفوذ ليكون لها دوراً مؤثراً وفاعلاً في الساحة الدولية، يتناول بحثنا هذا النفوذ التركي في الصومال بعد عام 2011، العام الذي ساهم في فتح آفاقاً جديدة لتطوير العلاقات الثنائية بين تركيا والصومال في مختلف المجالات، والنفوذ باغتنام الحكومة التركية فرصة انشغال العالم والصمت الدولي عن أزمة المجاعة والجفاف التي أضرت بالصومال وأودت بحياة الآلاف الضحايا عام 2011، ليكون ذلك العام فاتحة للنفوذ التركي المرحب به في الصومال بعد أن زار الرئيس اردوغان مقديشو على رأس وفدٍ كبير متعاطفاً مع الشعب الصومالي، ومقدماً مئات الأطنان من المواد الغذائية والأساسية والطبية للمساعدة في تخفيف الازمة الصومالية والسيطرة عليها، أسفر عنه تعميق التعاون بين البلدين وترسيخ وتوثيق النفوذ التركي السياسي والدبلوماسي والاقتصادي والعسكري في الصومال.
مشكلة النفايات الصلبة في مدينة العمارة وتأثيراتها البيئية
Authors: هامان تحسين
Published: July 2023

تعاني مدينة العمارة كغيرها من معظم مدن العراق من تزايد سكاني، ترافقه زيادة في كمية النفايات الناجمة من الانشطة السكانية المتنوعة، في ظل الظروف الصعبة، وتدني امكانيات التعامل معها، فأنها تمثل مشكلة حقيقية وتحديا كبيرا للجهات المسؤولة، اذ يشكل التزايد المستمر في حجمها وتراكمها بشكل فوضوي، سواء في الاحياء السكنية او الطمر الصحي  كثيرا من الاثار والمخاطر على البيئة والصحة العامة، وقد تصبح موردا اقتصاديا مهما، اذ تم التعامل معها بالطرق السليمة، من خلال اعادة تدويرها للاستفادة من كثير مكونتها من المواد، والمعادن القابلة لإعادة التدوير والاستعمال.
Dync1h1 mutation in a patient with multiple neurological conditions
Authors: Domingos Francine de Paula Roberto , Hirayama Sayuri Aparecida , Almeida Rafael de , Dias Lucas Silva , Oliveira Paulo Henrique Martinelli , Santos Raderi Luiz Cardoso dos , Miyashiro Larissa , Araújo Lorena Dias de , Costa Gustavo Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Mutations in the cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 gene (DYNC1H1) were first described in 2010 related to dominant lower extremitypredominant spinal muscular amyotrophy (SMA) 1 and after to Charcot-MarieTooth (CMT) disease, neurodevelopmental disorders, central nervous system malformations and hereditary spastic paraplegia. The aim this case report intends to show a recent known genetic mutation that can be related to two different conditions simultaneously — CMT and SMA. Case report: F.R.S, male, 49 years old, noticed proximal left hemiparesis in his childhood; he started walking late and had a lot of falls as a child. Cognitive development was normal. The motor deficit progressed to a right hemiparesis at the age of 39 years old. Deficit progression was noticed because he had difficulty to go up and down stairs. Non-consanguineous parents, family history positive for physical disability of unknown cause. Neurological examination evidenced cavus foot, amyotrophy and tetraparesis with distal predominance of the lower limbs. Electroneuromyography was compatible with progressive proximal SMA. Thoracic and cervical magnetic resonance imaging showed syringomyelia and Chiari malformation (CM) type 1. Gene panel was compatible with DYNC1H mutation. Discussion: It is well known DYNC1H1 mutation relation to CMT and SMA, but this case had some different conditions rarely described that also could be investigated to be related to this gene mutation as CM type 1 and syringomyelia. Conclusion: The gene mutation identification is important to physician to promote recognition of multiple associated conditions. Until now, there is no treatment for the described conditions, but eventually, it could change and neurologists must be prepared to look for multiple diseases related to specific genetic condition.
Gastrointestinal dysmotility associated with Parkinson’s disease’s mechanism
Authors: Pinheiro Amanda Pereira Sindeaux , Rodrigues Pedro Vitor Ferreira , Domingues Raoni de Oliveira da Silva , Melo Leonardo José Rodrigues Araújo
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a condition of the brain that consiste of the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, therefore causing dyskinesias and dystonias. Besides the motor symptoms, the neurogastro motility is affected by the disease, since gastrointestinal dysfunction is a frequent and clinically relevant symptom of PD. Objectives: To link the neural pathways and neurotransmitters that involve the neuroenteric system control and the PD’s pathology. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed based on data extraction through the advanced research engine from Pubmed. Publications with the descriptors “dysmotility” OR “gastro motility” AND “Parkinson” were selected. Results: Through clinical and pre-clinical studies on PD, there has been hypothesized a gut-brain axis that is connected through hormones, neurotransmitters and dopamanergic inputs. This hypothesis is supported by evidence in the showing of accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the vagal system and Enteric Nervous System, the use of drugs such as peripheral dopaminergic blockers and serotonin for gastroparesis, the ghrelin effects on the central dopaminergic system through modulation of the mesencephalic dopaminergic signaling tested on rats, the gastrointestinal autonomic neuropathy detected in PD patients and the establishment of gut dysmotility before motor onset symptoms. Therefore, dysmotility isues such as delayed gastric emptying may not only be a symptom of PD, but also contrubute to the pathogenesis itself through impaired signaling. Conclusion: The gut-brain axis can be not only a tool for PD diagnosis but also a treatment target to restrain the advance of the disease. Although many articles are related this subject, there is a lack of designed trials for atypical movement disorders. To explore the dysmotility in PD, there is a need for multi-modality standardized tests to evaluate severity and prevalence.
Detectable cognitive consequences by eye movement in post-traumatic brain injury individuals: a systematic review
Authors: Chan Gabriela Nobre , Teixeira Laura Milagres , Bernabe Larissa Bernardino , Araújo Amanda Vitória Lacerda de , Anghinah Renato
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TBI patients often suffer permanent motor, cognitive, and other negative effects that impact their daily lives. Objectives: This systematic review aims to measure and analyze the cognitive impacts of TBI using ocular tracking techniques. Methods: This is a systematic review of articles published between 2011 and 2021 in Portuguese, Spanish, and English. The articles were found in the PubMed and LILACS databases using the following research descriptors: “eye tracking”; “brain concussion” and “traumatic brain injury”. The articles were filtered using the Rayyan program, a double-blind process based on the criteria established in this work, to select eligible and non-eligible articles. Results: A total of 71 articles were found, but after excluding duplicates and non-eligible articles using the Rayyan program, 58 articles were deemed suitable for our trial. After applying the blind on and off methods, only 27 articles matched the previously established criteria to initiate the official trial. Our analysis revealed that TBI is prevalent in male adults between the ages of 20 and 35 years old. Most of the selected articles reported measurable deficits found in moderate to severe TBI detected with eye-tracking technology. Abnormal ocular movements, such as saccadic, anti-saccadic, fixation, and others, were associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: This review concludes that the eye-tracking technique is an efficient tool to measure cognitive impairment resulting from TBI. However, many articles presented a narrow sample range, and broader studies are needed before using the data to the general population, as stated as a goal in some articles.
Manometry viability for Parkinson’s disease constipation assessment
Authors: Pinheiro Amanda Pereira Sindeaux , Rodrigues Pedro Vitor Ferreira , Domingues Raoni de Oliveira da Silva , Melo Leonardo José Rodrigues de Araújo
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a condition in wich the dopamine presence is lowered, causing motor and non-motor symptoms. Constipation of different severities is related to the pathogenesis of PD and is a common affection before the onset of disease. Despite these factors, there is a lack of specific diagnostic tools for the assessment of this symptom in PD, which difficults pathophysiological evaluation of constipation in those with PD or refractory constipation. Objectives: Identify if the findings in anorectal manometry could determine the existence of PD and be included in the examination process of patients with history of constipation. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed through an advanced search on Pubmed engine, in which 21 articles with the descriptors “anorectal” AND “manometry” AND “Parkinson” were selected. Results: Using anorectal manometry, it was detected that patients with PD constipation and functional constipation have dysmotility of the colon and rectum, but there are certain differences in segmental colonic transit time and rectal anal pressure between the groups. Compared with idiopathic constipation, anal sphincter pressures on voluntary squeeze were lower in the PD patients. Furthermore, defecatory dysfunction is found early in the course of the disease additionally to later stages. Conclusion: The use of manometry allows quantitative analysis of anorectal dysfunctions and provides early recognition of pelvic floor dyssynergy and colorectal assessment in PD. Besides, the findings in PD constipation are distinguishable from the findings in other types of constipation and in conditions of normalcy. Therefore, anorectal manometry could be used in the examination of patients with history of constipation in order to facilitate early recognition. In order to incorporate this practice, there is a need for more studies comparing the findings in PD and in other types of constipation.
Arginase 1 deficiency: a differential for progressive ataxia and intellectual disability
Authors: Dousseau Gabriella Corrêa , Freitas Julian Letícia de , Corazza Luíza Alves , Moreno Cristiane de Araújo Martins , Rocha Maria Sheila Guimarães
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Arginase-1 deficiency (OMIM #207800) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ARG1 gene, resulting in partial or complete loss of enzyme function that affects the liver-based urea cycle. Spastic paraparesis with onset in early childhood is the most obvious sign of the disease but other symptoms include irritability, delayed growth and development, ataxia, recurrent vomiting, feeding/protein aversion, and anorexia. Brain imaging may reveal cerebral atrophy and cerebellar atrophy may also occur. The ARG1 gene sits on chromosome 6 (6q23) and there are at least 43 potentially disease-causing variants in ARG1. Case report: A 56-year-old female patient with no parental consanguinity and unknown perinatal history — she had no contact with her parents. Since childhood, she reports never liked meat and that she had a lack of appetite and frequent vomiting. She also reports irritability without triggers and difficulties at school — illiterate despite 4 years of schooling. She denied gait difficulties until it was around 50 years, when she presented with progressive imbalance and incoordination. She is currently unable to walk without bilateral support due to severe gait ataxia in addition to appendicular ataxia. Results: Extensive laboratory metabolic investigation was performed, serologies, electroencephalogram and cerebrospinal fluid without alterations. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse cortical and cerebellar atrophy. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous pathogenic variant mutation p.Arg308Gln in the ARG1 gene. Conclusion: In systematic reviews, spastic paraparesis is the hallmark of the disease caused by ARG1 deficiency, however, there are descriptions of rare, predominantly ataxic cases. In basically everyone, intellectual impairment is expected. Therefore, ARG1 deficiency is still under construction and can also be a differential diagnosis for ataxia and intellectual impairment.
Neuromyelitis optica in childhood: a case report
Authors: Almeida Rafael de , Araujo Lorena Dias , Hirayama Sayuri Aparecida , Domingos Francine de Paula Roberto , Dias Lucas Silva , Oliveira Paulo Henrique Martinelli , Santos Raderi Luiz Cardoso dos , Miyashiro Larissa , Costa Gustavo Carvalho
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a relatively rare inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spinal cord and optic nerves. Objectives: To report an atypical case of NMO in the child, with brainstem syndrome. Case report: A 12-year-old patient, 20 days after Pfizer vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-19 (SARS-COV-19), started with asymmetrical ascending flaccid paraparesis, with global arreflexia, ataxia, dysphagia and dysarthria. On admission, after 2 months, thought of acute polyradiculoneuritis, immunoglobulin was administered without improvement. However, the patient evolved with signs of pyramidal release, methylprednisolone was administered with a good outcome. Cerebrospinal fluid: cytology: 0/mm³, glucose: 59/mm³, protein: 34/mm³. electroneuromyography: upper and lower limbs show signs of polyradiculoneuritis in the hyperacute phase, the nature cannot be classified as myelin or axonal; Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): signal alteration compromising supra and infratentorial structures, T2/ FLAIR (T2-weighted-Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery) symmetrical hypersignal in the bulbopontine transition suspicious for an demyelinating process. Cervical/thoracic spine MRI: no alterations. Anti Aquaporin-4 IgG: reagent. Discussion: Clinical features are frequently more diverse than just optic neuritis and transverse myelitis in children, making a diagnosis can be challenging. The case series of pediatric NMO have shown a female preponderance and almost all NMO-IgG positive, which had relapsing course predicted by seropositivity. The median age of children diagnosed with NMO ranges from 10 to 14 years. Coexisting autoimmune disorders were reported in 42%. Longer term immunotherapy reduce the chance of further potentially disabling attacks. Conclusion: Diagnosis of NMO isn’t easy, especially when patients are children, the disease is potentially severe and needs to be better understood and managed.
Infantile vaccine and cancerassociated cerebral venous thrombosis: an unusual cause of excessive daytime sleepiness
Authors: Valeriano Katrine de Freitas , Braga Vinícius Lopes , Cyrino Lorena Raulik , Fonseca Alulin Tácio Quadros Santos Monteiro , Aragão Marcelo de Melo , Pinho Ricardo da Silva
Published: July 2023

Case presentation: A 10-year-old male presented with a sudden onset of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the last 36 hours. Currently, the patient sleeps around 18 hours per day associated with headache and irritability. Patient received his second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) vaccine. He has a past medical history of subtotal resection craniopharyngioma around one year ago. Neurology exam showed new deficits of motor aphasia and drowsy but aroused easily to voice. Axial FLAIR (FluidAttenuated Inversion Recovery) and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show symmetrical hyperintense lesions on the thalamus. Magnetic resonance venography shows a lack of flow in the vein of galen, straight, superior sagittal and bilateral transverse extending to the right sigmoid sinus. The findings above confirmed the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Patient received enoxaparin for three months. Patients complete resolution of symptoms and a new MRI shows complete recanalization. Discussion: EDS is a common complaint in neurologic practice and has a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses. We describe an unusual cause of EDS caused by an extensive CVT in the bilateral thalamus. Bilateral lesions of the medial thalamus can cause hypersomnia and decrease consciousness. Infection, trauma, neurosurgery, malignancy and thyroid problems are risk factors of children CVT. Another risk factor to be considered is the COVID vaccination. In literature, there are more reports of thrombocytopenia and CVT is very rare. Although these factors are associated, they are not necessarily causality. Conclusion: Clinicians must be aware of CVT as a differential diagnosis of EDS, especially in the presence of sudden EDS onset or neuropsychological signs.
Machine learning algorithms to predict delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Santana Laís Silva , Diniz Jordana Borges , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Telles João Paulo Mota
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a common and severe complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Logistic regression (LR) is the primary method to predict DCI, but it has low accuracy. Objectives: This study assessed whether other machine learning models can predict DCI after SAH more accurately than conventional LR. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies directly comparing LR and other ML algorithms to forecast DCI in patients with SAH. Our main outcome was the accuracy measurement, represented by sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic. Results: In the six studies included, comprising 1,828 patients, about 28% (519) developed DCI. For LR models, the pooled sensitivity was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.84; P < 0.01) and the pooled specificity was 0.63 (95% CI 0.42–0.85; P < 0.01). For ML models, the pooled sensitivity was 0.74 (95% CI 0.61–0.86; P < 0.01) and the pooled specificity was 0.78 (95% CI 0.71–0.86; P = 0.02). Conclusion: Our results suggest that ML algorithms performed better than conventional LR at predicting DCI.
Huntington Disease-Like 2: a case report
Authors: Nakano Bruno Eiji , Cavasana Gabriel Flamarin , Nakazato Paula Carolina Grande , Barbosa Alana Strucker , Fernandes Isabela Badan , Branco Eduardo Silveira Marques , Chinelato Sarah de Souza , Irikura Rodrigo Batista , Silva Bruna Santos , Pereira Fábio Araújo , Nakano Thaline Tiemi
Published: July 2023

Case presentation: Male, 56-year-old, previously epileptic started with involuntary movements in the right hand at 47 years old evolving to torso, incoordination, behavioral and cognition disturbs. Paternal grandmother, father and cousin with similar symptoms, in addition to four asymptomatic children. From the onset of symptoms, it progressively worsened presenting involuntary movements, hallucinations, aggressiveness and neck drop. During the neurological examination had frequent cervical falls, tremors at rest in the limbs, and mood swings. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was with atrophy of the caudate nucleus and putamen. Genetic test for Huntington’s Disease without evidence of characteristic expansion of the disease and Huntington Like 2 Test (Junctophilin-3) compatible with characteristic expansion of the disease. Discussion: Huntington’s Disease Like-2 has an autosomal dominant character. A rare disease related to repetitive mutations of cytosine-thymineguanine in the Junctophilin-3 gene. Frequently among 29–41-year-olds and represented by progressive movement disorders, dementia and psychiatric alterations and survival rate of 10 to 20 years after the onset of symptoms. Atrophy of the caudate and cerebral cortex is identified in cranial MRI. Diagnosis’ based on genetic testing and treatment is symptomatic in addition to genetic counseling. Conclusion: In this case the patient presented progressive movement disorders in addition to psychiatric and cognitive alterations as other family members without previous diagnosis of Huntington disease-like 2. Due to the rarity of the disease beside the genetic chance of hereditary cases follow-up with a specialist for symptomatic family members had been requested in addition to genetic counseling since 50% of siblings are at risk of developing the disease.