bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Rural Road Transport on Crop Commercialization: Evidence from the Ethiopian Living Standard Measurement Survey
Authors: Mekonnen Noad , Alamirew Bamlaku
Published: April 2021

Ethiopia has adopted commercialization of smallholder agriculture as a policy tool for agricultural development and rural transformation thereby to improve rural welfare. Towards this end, the government has given policy focus to rual road infrastracture. The objective of the study is, therefore, to estimate the effect of acess to rual road on commercialization of smallholder farmers in the country. The study used the Ethiopian Socio- Economic Survey, a nationally representative panel data prepared by Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia and the World Bank. Descriptive statistics as well as Econometric techniques are used to analyze the effect of rural accessibility and mobility on agricultural market participation and commercialization. The descriptive statistics reveals that the commercialization index for households in villages with access to all weather roads is 19 percent against the corresponding figure of 16 percent for their counterparts. The econometrics estimation also tallied with this finding. More interestingly, mode of transport used for agricultural purposes is found to have a positive and significant effect on commercialization. The result indicates that commercialization level for farmers using modern mode of transport is 17 percentage points higher than those who did not use any. In the same manner, the result indicates that commercialization level of farmers using traditional mode of transport is 12 percentage points higher than those who did not use any. Thus, integrating remote areas with urban centers through rural transport infrastructure development that addresses both access and mobility demand of rural communities should be given priority.

Keywords: commercialization, market participation, rural road access, mobility
Claude Sumner’s “Oromo Wisdom Literature:” An Attempt at Understanding their Philosophical Content
Authors: Gutema Bekele
Published: April 2021

In his lifelong work at the Department of Philosophy of Addis Ababa University, Sumner initially worked on the written sources of Ethiopian philosophy. It is after the production of multiple volumes on the written sources that he turned to the oral sources. The major ones are contained in three volumes titled, “Oromo Wisdom Literature.” By developing an approach that looked at philosophy in the broader and strict senses Sumner studied the different oral sources of Oromo philosophy. His approach to philosophy was that, while writing is a very important aspect of doing philosophy, this does not, however, mean that oral sources cannot have philosophical content. This is what has been demonstrated by H. Odera Oruka’s sage philosophy. Sumner used proverbs, songs, folktales, riddles and similar oral materials to distill philosophical content out of some of them. The paper will try to show how oral sources could be considered as philosophy in the broad sense, while there is also a possibility that such material could be changed into philosophy in the strict sense by philosophers. By briefly analyzing Sumner’s position on this, I will try to show the significance of oral wisdom/literature not only for philosophy but also other types of intellectual activity.
Is there an Ethiopian Philosophy? Rereading the Hatetas of Zara Yaecob and Walda Hewat in the Context of Knowledge Production
Authors: Merawi Fasil , Kenaw Setargew
Published: April 2021

The hatetas of Zara Yaecob and Walda Hewat are widely regarded as the precursors of societal enlightenment and written philosophy in Ethiopia. Mainly taking a form of an autobiographical exercise that tries to reflect on inherited horizons and conventional authority, the hatetas are seen as philosophical treatises that establish the need for societal rationality. Earlier on debates existed on the originality of the hatetas and whether or not the idea found within the hatetas qualifies as a philosophy. Claude Summer could be regarded as the ardent advocate of the position which celebrates the hatetas as original works of Ethiopian philosophy. Based on an attempt to refute the originality of the hatetas initiated by the Italian orientalist Carlo Conti Rossini, Daniel Kibret recently argued that the whole idea of an Ethiopian philosophy founded on the works of Zara Yaecob and Walda Hewat is a Western fabrication. He proceeded to argue that it was an Italian Jesuit by the name of Giusto d'Urbino who wrote the hatetas and that the hatetas had a hidden motive of initiating a reformist movement within the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. In this paper we will try to evaluate the credibility of such arguments by initiating a rereading of the hatetas.
The Economics of Khat Trade and its Dynamic Institutions: The Ethiopian Context since the 1980s
Authors: Girma Negash
Published: April 2021

Studies about khat have shown a remarkable progress in recent times, both in terms of quality and quantity. However, their focus to a large extent is on the chemistry and pharmacology of the plant; and more so on its impact on the consumers’ health. The trading systems, the logic of the khat markets, the networks and the structures that kept the khat industry vibrant skipped the attention of researches. This study deals with the institutional evolution, performance and constraints of those institutions and structures governing khat trade in Ethiopia since the 1980s. A qualitative research method has been employed in this study. Yet, due to the complexity of the subject under study, I have to operate eclectically in my choice of data gathering instruments and analysis. Eclectically, in this context, refers to the application of divergent but complimentary methods of gathering, analysis and interpretation of data. Oral data for this study have been garnered primarily through key informant interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD).Oral data required for this study have been collected for over four years shuttling to both study sites in the east and southern Ethiopia on various field trips. Relevant secondary literatures dealing with khat have also been consulted. Findings from this research helped to document the evolution of some key features in the way the khat business is being run and the various work processes that consistently animated the trade. Attempts have also been made to shade some light on the institutional evolution of the trading system and the role of the state in khat trade in Ethiopia. I argue in this paper that decentralization and autonomy are the hallmarks of the prominent khat trading systems in Ethiopia.
Human Rights and Human Dignity: A Case Against Separating the Conjoined Twins
Authors: Kebadu Mekonnen Gebremariam
Published: April 2021

Doris Schroeder asserts that the received view according to which human rights are derived from the inherent dignity of the human person must be rejected. She appeals to separate these conjoined twins (human dignity and human rights) by offering three knockdown arguments respectively captioned as “the justification paradox”, “Kantian cul-de-sac” and “hazard by association”. This paper submits a case for preserving the conjoined twins, both by refuting Schroeder’s arguments and at the same time proposing a positive appraisal of human dignity as foundational to human rights. The distributive account of a foundation, on which Schroeder’s arguments are premised, requires that a normative foundation must underpin every single human rights claim. Human rights claims, as diverse as they are, admit plurality of normative foundations (understood in the distributive sense) and human dignity directly underpins only a subset of the most basic human rights. There is another sense in which human dignity can be conceived as foundational to human rights, precisely as the general moral standing of human beings as holders of the bundle of moral human rights. Foundation as moral standing is consistent with the view that not every human rights-claim has its normative foundation in human dignity; thus, Schroeder is mistaken in thinking that failing to be a foundation in the distributive sense defeats the accepted view that human rights derive from human dignity.
The Link between Leadership Style, Organizational Change Perceptions and Job Satisfaction at the Ethiopian Electric Utility
Authors: Befekadu Zeleke  , Belayneh Kifle
Published: April 2021

This study explored the relationship between leadership style, employees’ change perception, and job satisfaction at the Ethiopian Electric Utility. A correlation research design was used to conduct the study. The sample was composed of 40 leaders and 270 employees selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were gathered using three standardized questionnaires merged into one and analyzed using both descriptive statistics such as mean, SD, and inferential statistics like Pearson product-moment correlation, an independent t-test, and MANOVA. Finally, the findings unveiled significant and positive correlations between transformational leadership style and organizational change perceptions and between transactional leadership style and intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction. There was also a negative correlation between organizational change and employees’ job satisfaction. Furthermore, the transformational leadership style has emerged as the strongest predictor of employees’ change perception. It was concluded that leaders at the organization ought to improve their leadership style to improve the existing employees’ perception of change and their job satisfaction. Additional policy implications are also forwarded in the study.
Contingency, Absurdity and Human Conflict in Sartre’s Philosophy
Authors: Dagnachew Assefa
Published: April 2021

This article is centered on two of Sartre’s literary works: “Nausea” and “No Exit” along with his dialectical theory of the ‘Look’ in Being and Nothingness. I believe that these three texts represent not three distinct perspectives but rather different sets of approach to the same problem i.e. the phenomenon of human relationship. It is with this point in mind that I develop the following interrelated claims. First, even though Sartre intended to bring a new language and mode of articulation in his later works, the fundamental features of his philosophy remained the same. Thus, issues that are foundational to his early writing including the self/other relationship, the for-itself as project, the contingent reality of the world, the resistance of the in-itself/ materiality all figure high in his later writings as well. Second, as opposed to any social philosophy which accepts the possibility of a harmonious relation between human beings Sartre perceived the essence of human relations not as mitesein (‘being-with’), but rather as conflict. I submit that the source of Sartre’s problem lies in his very model of social relations given that his social ontology does not allow him to incorporate what Maurice Marleau-Ponty calls the "inter-world". This paper is also informed with the belief that although Sartre the intellectual and the creative artist are closely joined together, essentially, the novelist is much more assuring than the philosopher. Thus, even when he is not writing a literary composition proper he displays a unique talent of putting his philosophical ideas in artistic and dramatic terms. I use Sartre’s phenomenological description of the dialectic of the "look" (Le Regard) to demonstrate this point. The final section of the paper is devoted to a critical examination of Sartre’s philosophical positions developed in the works discussed above.
Survey of ethno-veterinary medicinal plants in Melkabello District, Eastern Harerghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Chala , Abera Dereje , Woyessa Mezene , Birhanu Tadesse
Published: April 2021

An ethno botanical survey was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 in Melkabello district, Eastern Harerghe Zone, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. The objectives of the study were designed to document ethno veterinary medicinal plants and identify their associated threats. A structured and pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the required data. About 20 traditional healers were purposively selected based on the recommendation of local authorities. The majority of the healers were male, 16 (80%) and the remained 4 (20%) were females. In this study about 68 medicinal plant species belonging to 55 families were identified in the study area. The principal sources of the medicinal plants were from wild, cultivated and both with the proportion of 53 (77.9%), 12 (17.6%) and 3 (4.4 %), respectively. In this study herb, 27 (39.7%) followed by tree, 19 (27.9%) were the most commonly used habits of the plants by traditional healers. The major plant parts used were leaf, 40 (58.8%) and bark, 2 (2.9%). The most common administration routes were oral, 48 (70.6%) followed by topical, 12 (17.6%) and aerosol 3(4.4%). Febrile diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, external injuries, blackleg and reproductive insufficiency were treated by the traditional practioners. In conclusion, the study revealed that participants had a good knowledge to treat livestock ailments, but the dose varies among the healers. Therefore, further study should be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and standardize the dose of medicinal plants in the study area.Keywords: Ailments, Eastern Harerghe Zone, Ethiopia, Ethno-Veterinary,Medicinal Plants
Sero-prevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and its potential risk factors in selected sites of Western Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Mersha Tesfaye
Published: April 2021

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. Mycoides small colonies and it is one of the most important threats to cattle health and production in Ethiopia, such as at livestock farm of Bako Agricultural Research Center (BARC) an outbreak of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia occurred in May, 2011 and many animals were affected and died before the disease was identified. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in the selected districts of Western Oromia Zones as well as to assess the risk factors associated with the occurrence of the disease. Therefore, a cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 2013 to March 2014 in three selected districts from three Western Oromia Zones. A total of 386 sera were examined for the presence of specific antibodies of the disease by using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). In this study, districts, peasant associations, age, sex, breed and body conditions were considered as risk factors. Thus, the overall seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study was 28.5%. The seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia at districts level were 40.3%, 19.0 % and 5.7 % in Gobbu-Sayyo, Bako-Tibbe and Horro district, respectively. There was a statistically significant variation (p < 0.05) in prevalence of the disease among the districts. However, age, sex, breed and body condition were not significant (p > 0.05) with the serostatus of the animal. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the overall prevalence of CBPP in Western Oromia Zones was high, This warrants the need of the institute to follow appropriate preventive and control measures to stop further spread of the disease and appropriate controlling and prevention should be designed in general as a country level and further study should be done in the future to know the temporal pattern of the disease.Keywords: Seroprevalence, CBPP, Risk factors, cELISA, Western OromiaZones, Ethiopia
Post- operative analgesic effect of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine with tramadol for ovariohysterectomy in bitches
Authors: Kefyalew Hailemariam , Rajendran N. , Chanie Mersha , Tamerat Nateneal
Published: April 2021

Pre-emptive analgesia refers to the application of analgesic before the patient exposal to noxious stimuli. The study was conducted from December, 2013 to May, 2014 on 12 healthy bitches presented to the University of Gondar Teaching Veterinary Clinic for ovariohysterectomy to compare the epidural analgesic efficacy of bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine with tramadol to relieve postoperative pain and asses changes on physiological and heamatological parameters. The bitches were randomly assigned to experimental group I and II. Premedication was done with atropine sulphate and xylazine hydrochloride at 0.04 mg/kg subcutaneously and 1mg/kg intramuscular, respectively. Induction was employed by diazepam at0.25 mg/kg intravenous, immediately followed with ketamine hydrochloride at 5mg/kg intravenously for effect and maintenance, incremental injections of ketamine hydrochloride was administered. Bupivacaine at 1 mg/ kg was administered epidurally in group I bitches while 1 mg/kg of bupivacaine combined with 2 mg/kg tramadol were administered epidurally in group II bitches. Physiological and haematological parameters were assessed at different stages of analgesia, in addition to pain scoring using visual analogue scale (VAS) and categorized numerical rating scale (CNRS). After epidural administration, mean temperature and heart rate between treatment groups showed statistically (p<0.01) high significant reduction while respiratory rate reduction was significant (p<0.05) in group-II bitches compared to group-I due to the inclusion of opioid analgesic tramadol. Haemoglobin, Packed cell volume, total erythrocyte and leukocyte counts showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in 1 hour after surgery in both groups. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference in both visual analogue scale (VAS) and categorized numerical rating Scale (CNRS) score postoperatively in 2 and 6 hours between group I and II bitches. In fact, the visual analogue scale score of group II bitches at 6 hour after surgery was statistically (p<0.01) highly reduced compared to group I bitches. In conclusion, postoperative pain assessment revealed better reduction in pain at all intervals in group-II bitches compared to group-I due to the inclusion of opioid analgesic tramadol. However, further studies are needed to compare the efficacy and doses of this combination as epidural analgesic for various surgeries. Keywords: Bitches, Bupivacaine, Epidural, Ovariohysterectomy, Postoperative pain, Tramadol
Gastrointestinal nematodes of donkeys in and around Alage, South Western Ethiopia
Authors: Naramo Misgana , Terefe Yitagele , Kemal Jelalu , Merga Tesfaye , Haile Gelane , Dhaba Merga
Published: April 2021

Gastrointestinal parasites are one of the most common factors that constrain the health and working performance of donkeys. The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify major risk factors associated with donkey’s gastrointestinal nematode infection in and around Alage, South Western Ethiopia. A total of 384 randomly selected donkeys were sampled from 4 peasant associations for coprological examination of gastrointestinal nematode infection. The direct fecal smear, flotation and fecal culture methods were utilized to identify the eggs and larvae of parasites in feces, respectively. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes recorded in donkeys examined was 99.5%. The study showed that the prevalence of Parascaris equorum, Oxyuris equi and Strongyle were 53.6%, 4.9% and 99.5%, respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) higher prevalence was observed for Oxyuris equi and Parascaris equorum in young donkeys than in both adults and old donkeys. The study showed that the prevalence of Strongyle was significantly higher than both Parascaris equorum and Oxyuris equi in all age groups of donkeys. There was also statistically significant difference in prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes between sex, age, body condition and among peasant associations in different species of the parasites. Identification of third stage larvae of Strongyle species from 40 samples revealed high prevalence of Strongylus vulgaris (100%) followed by Cythostomes (97.5%) and Strongylus edentates (70%). The current study demonstrated that gastrointestinal nematodes are the major health challenges of donkeys in the study area. Therefore strategic dewrming and other nematode control options were recommended to be considered in order to improve the health, productivity and welfare of donkeys in the study area.Keywords: Donkeys; Ethiopia; Gastrointestinal; Nematodes; Prevalence
Prevalence, risk factors and antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolated from dogs in Ambo, Gojo and Bako towns of Oromia region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu , Merga Demiso , Sarba Edilu Jorga , Marami Lencho Megersa , Tola Getachew Kebebew , Endale Solomon Shiferaw
Published: April 2021

Dogs are a potential reservoir for Escherichia coli and other zoonotic bacterial pathogens posing the risk of infection to humans and other animals. A crosssectional study was used to collect 438 rectal swab samples from apparently healthy dogs of Ambo, Gojo, and Bako towns of West Shewa Zone with the objectives of investigating the prevalence, risk factors and antibiogram of E. coli. A questionnaire survey was administered at the household level to collect data on potential risk factors to acquire E. coli infection. Prevalence was determined by using standard bacteriological culture techniques. Further  confirmation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of E. coli using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method were  conducted using Automated Phoenix Machine. The overall prevalence of E. coli was found to be 24.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]:20.26-28.49%). The isolation rate of E. coli was the highest in Bako 31.01%, followed by Gojo 30.99% and Ambo 18.49% towns.  Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that there was a significant association between E. coli prevalence and towns and Kebeles (P<0.05). However, age, sex, the presence of other domestic animals in the household, types of the housing system, educational level of the dogs’ owners, and type of feed provided to the dogs did not significantly correlate with the isolation of E. coli (P > 0.05). E. coli isolates were pan-susceptible to amikacin, ertapenem, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, netilmicin, ampicillin, piperacillin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and meropenem. A low level of resistance was found to aztreonam, ceftriaxone, (each 13.95%), cefazolin (22.73%), gentamicin (11.90%), and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (6.97%). E. coli isolates showed multidrug resistance to aztreonam, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (14.0%). This demonstrated E. coli prevalence and moderately low antimicrobial resistance  suggests the possible risk of infection of humans. Therefore, raising public awareness about zoonotic canine disease prevention measures and good hygienic practices are essential..

Keywords: Antibiogram, Dog, Escherichia coli, Ethiopia, Prevalence, Risk factor
Evaluation of heterosis, maternal and reciprocal effects on different traits of Fayoumi and White Leghorn crossbreeds
Authors: Assefa Kasaye , Tadesse Yosef , Kebede Ewonetu , Ameha Negassi
Published: April 2021

Several studies were conducted on evaluation of heterosis, maternal and reciprocal-effects for different chicken breeds. However, there is a limited information on the heterosis, maternal and reciprocal-effect for crossbreed of Fayoumi and White Leghorn. Therefore; this study was designed to evaluate the heterosis, maternal and reciprocal effects on different traits for crossbreed of Fayoumi and White Leghorn from day-old to age at first egg. A total of six hundred chicks were selected,150 from each genotype and evaluated  simultaneously under the same management. The specific and general heterosis, maternal, and reciprocal effects were estimated for all traits. The heterosis of body weight ranged from 3.06 to 21.31% for the main and 1.35 to 14.89% the reciprocal crossbred, which is within the recommended range (-6.5-26.2%). The heterosis of weight gain ranged from -0.07 to 33.03%. The F1 of Fayoumi cocks and White Leghorn hens exhibited a higher positive heterotic recorded for the body weight at first egg. The main and reciprocal crossbreds had negative heterotic for age at first egg and lies within the recommended range of (-25 and 11.5 %). The effect of maternity on body weight was found to be more favorable at brooder age for Fayoumi breed while it was at grower age for White leghorn. Negative estimates were observed for maternal and reciprocal effects on body weight at day-old, 20 weeks, and age at first egg; weight gain at 8-12 and 16- 20 weeks; feed intake at 0-4 and 12-20 weeks; feed conversion efficiency at 0-8 and 16-20 weeks; and egg weight at first egg. Generally, this study concluded that the crosses between WLH hen and Fayoumi cock produced progenies that are more feed efficient and produced heavier eggs than their main crossbred.

Keywords: Crossbreed; Fayoumi; Heterosis; Maternal; Reciprocal; White Leghorn
Các yếu tố digital marketing tác động đến hành vi mua căn hộ chung cư tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Phụng Nguyễn Thị , Nhung Nguyễn Thị Hồng
Published: April 2021

Nghiên cứu này nhằm phân tích các yếu tố Digital Marketing tác động đến hành vi mua căn hộ chung cư tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Qua thực hiện khảo sát trực tuyến và trực tiếp, nhóm nghiên cứu thu thập thông tin đối với 265 khách hàng về “Tác động Digital Marketing đến hành vi mua căn hộ chung cư tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh” đến từ các công ty bất động sản. Kết quả phân tích dữ liệu cho thấy có 06 yếu tố tác động đến hành vi mua căn hộ chung cư, đó là Social Media Marketing; Content Marketing; Search Engine Marketing; Online Public Relations; Affiliate Marketing; E-Mail Marketing trong đó yếu tố Social Media Marketing có tác động mạnh nhất đến hành vi mua của khách hàng. Kết quả nghiên cứu sẽ là những thông tin hữu ích cho Doanh nghiệp để khai thác triệt để các phương tiện Digital Marketing nhằm thúc đẩy hành vi mua của người tiêu dùng đối với thị trường căn hộ chung cư tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.
Thực trạng thị trường nhà ở đô thị cho người thu nhập trung bình tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Mai Lê Minh Phương
Published: April 2021

Bài nghiên cứu trình bày thực trạng nhà ở đô thị cho người thu nhập trung bình thông qua việc tóm tắt các chương trình phát triển nhà ở, các giai đoạn phát triển thị trường nhà ở đô thị, các hệ thống văn bản liên quan đến nhà ở xã hội, thực trạng nguồn cung và nhu cầu nhà ở đô thị cho người thu nhập trung bình. Những vấn đề thực trạng thị trường nhà ở phân khúc này gặp phải. Từ đó tác giả đề xuất một số kiến nghị nhằm hỗ trợ sự phát triển của thị trường nhà ở đô thị cho người thu nhập trung bình.
Identifying Student Responsibilities While Watching Mathematics Instructional Videos
Authors: Kelley Sue
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the ways in which college algebra students watch mathematics instructional videos about completing the square with the goal of identifying student responsibilities within a particular video and across different videos. Guided by the theory of didactic situations that has defined implicit teacher and student responsibilities within the context of the face-to-face mathematics classroom, participants watched three different videos about completing the square and answered interview questions. Using categories previously identified by the didactic contract for the face-to-face classroom, this study expanded the types of student responsibilities identified specifically for video watching and found that participants, regardless of overall prior knowledge but who had prior knowledge of completing the square, held a responsibility to use the specific set of steps they were taught by their teacher to solve problems. Findings may be useful to both mathematics teachers and video creators.
Views on the Usage of Social Media Tools in School-Family Communication
Authors: Kaban Abdullatif
Published: April 2021

This study, it was aimed to reveal the views of parents and teachers about the usage of social media tools in school-family communication. In this study, which was carried out with the phenomenological method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, the data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. As a result of the content analysis conducted on the data obtained, it was concluded that social media tools, especially WhatsApp, are widely used in school-family communication. It has been found that the advantages of these tools are free, fast, and easy to use, and they prevent waste of time and workload by sending mass messages. The disadvantages were determined to be used out of purpose and timeless, causing misunderstanding and violation of privacy. Participants suggested that while using these tools, they should not deviate from their purpose, some restrictions in terms of time and content should be introduced and their use should be expanded. The results obtained are expected to contribute significantly to the studies to be done to increase family participation in education and the practices to be developed in this sense.
Data-Driven Decision Making: Qualitative Study at Digital Startup using Semantic Domain Analysis
Authors: Pertiwi Asri , Roseno Nahlia
Published: April 2021

Business Intelligence (BI) is commonly applied to large companies, but there are a few evidence of BI practice in startups. Although startup founder understand that data and information are very important, but how this used for decision making needs to be further explored. Through interviews with four startup’s founders, the transcript result were analyzed using domain semantics and taxonomy analysis. Several findings are outlined which are followed by suggestions for future research.
Developing Android Based Emergency Call Application
Authors: Noorfajrah El , Hakim Abdul Barir , Sofian Erza
Published: April 2021

This research is motivated by the high number of accidents in Indonesia caused by several factors, including difficulty in contacting emergency services, ignorance of the public to contact emergency services, and not knowing the location of emergency services. For this reason, this research has carried out the design and development of mobile applications for the public to contact Android-based emergency services. The application development method used is Rapid Application Development (RAD), which is suitable for short development times and according to needs. In this RAD method consists of four stages, namely the stages of planning needs, designing, construction and also implementation. This study produces a mobile application for community service based on android which aims to enable the public to contact community services quickly and accurately.
Ethical and Methodological Dilemmas in Education Research
Authors: McLean Pauline
Published: April 2021

This paper utilized a non-empirical theoretical research framework for the purpose of examining possible solutions to the ethical and methodological dilemmas facing educational researchers. Two questions guided the examination: a) How relevant is research ethics in education research? and b) Which paradigm is a good fit for education research? A study of over two decades of seminal works and conference presentations revealed that education research is subject to the same professional code of ethics and guidelines as other Human and Social Sciences Research; therefore, educational researchers should avoid questionable practices by adhering to the “relativist utilitarian ethics of consequences” in the research process. While no single paradigm was identified as a good fit for education research, the quantitative–qualitative continuum, mixed–methods research, and alternative ways of teaching research methods courses were considered as possible approaches for addressing the methodological dilemmas that educational researchers encounter. Instructors of research methods courses are therefore expected to reflect on and re-evaluate the different ways in which philosophy, pedagogical strategies, and learning goals influence the redesign of their course.
АНАЛИЗА РЕЗУЛТАТА АНКЕТА О СТУДЕНТСКИМ СТАВОВИМА ПОВОДОМ ПИТАЊА ИЗ МЕТОДОЛОГИЈЕ И ФИЛОЗОФИЈЕ НАУКЕ
Authors: Радовановић Биљана M. , Ружић Горан Ж.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper is to make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results of the project, which was carried out in the framework of research work at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, in order to monitor the work of students and evaluate the effects of courses in philosophy on the formation and change of student attitudes. Our basic question is whether the newly acquired knowledge of methodology and philosophy of science affect students’ beliefs. If this effect is visible, in what direction and in what intensity does it go? We used the survey as a research method and a comparative and statistical method for data processing. The results we obtained confirmed the assumption, which we wanted to examine, of the significant influence of philosophy courses on the formation of student attitudes. Acquired knowledge of methodology and philosophy of science work to strengthen critical awareness and nondogmatic approach when considering specific problems. The results are in accordance with the theoretical orientation of the whole study of philosophy as well as the specific aims of the courses (presented in syllabuses).
Culture Stress and Difficulties: Lived Stories of Teenaged Mothers in Macau
Authors: Dos Santos Luis Miguel
Published: April 2021

The traditional Chinese culture influences perspectives toward family, marital status, and living style in Macau SAR, where Eastern cultures meet Western cultures. Although the Western living styles and standards highly influence the daily practices of residents; broken marriage, single parenting, and divorce are considered taboo in the community. The purpose of this study was to understand how teenaged single mothers describe their sources of stress and difficulties in the city. Eight single mothers, who were at different stages in single parenting and broken marriages, were interviewed and asked to share their lived stories. Guided by the Ecological System Theory, analysis of the data indicated that sources of stress and the behaviors of individuals may be highly influenced by surrounding people, environments, and societies. The results of the current study can help social caring providers and policymakers to better understand not only lived experiences of single mothers, but also the social problems, difficulties, and source of stress of the particular groups of people in society.
Investigating Indonesian Master's Students’ Perception of Critical Thinking in Academic Writing in a British University
Authors: Islamiyah Millatul , Fajri Muchamad Sholakhuddin Al
Published: April 2021

Critical thinking is generally valued as expected outcomes of university graduates although the concept of it is controversial. Students are required to display it in academic writing which is the default of university assessment. However, international students from “non-Western” backgrounds in particular, frequently experience difficulty in demonstrating critical expression in their written texts. The current study, in the light of interviews with four Indonesian master’s students, therefore, aims at investigating their perception of critical thinking, exposing some factors perceived to be influencing the application of critical thinking in academic writing, and exploring their development of critical thinking. The results of the analysis reveal that although they were raised and educated in different cultural and educational context, they have a sufficient understanding of the concept and passionately engage with critical thinking. The findings also show that despite the influence of culture and educational background on their writing style, the participant have ability to adequately adapt to a new discourse. The challenges they faced include a lack of evaluation and synthesis skills, structuring ideas, and grammatical problems. The study suggests the need for the university and tutors to evaluate their writing instructions to focus more on providing writing practices and review the custom of conventional form of essay to accommodate more a range of divers yet unique expression.
Youth’s Usage of New Media: Exploring Learning and Identity Formation
Authors: Ismail Nurzali
Published: April 2021

This study investigated youth’s usage of new media technologies in and out of school as well as how it relates to learning and identity formation. Even though youth’s usage of new media in school is inferior compared to out of school, it does not mean that both contexts are disconnected. In fact, there is a possible relationship established between both contexts and such connection can prove to be significant for youth’s learning and identity formation. Communities of Practice (COPs) was adopted as the theoretical foundation of the study. The research method employed was case study. Data collection involved six 13 years old students from two secondary schools in Malaysia. They were interviewed, directly observed during classes and tasked to complete a media diary out of school. The findings of the study indicate that, despite the differences in youth’s new media practices in and out of school, relationship exists between both contexts through the multi-membership dimensions of COPs. It was also found that, the experience of participating in different practices in and out of school is significant for youth’s formation of identity. Learning is embedded within youth’s participation in everyday new media practices. Hence, it is important for schools to understand youth’s new media experience and to relate it with classroom learning.
A Case Study on Professional Development: Improving STEM Teaching in K-12 Education
Authors: Rajbanshi Roshani , Brown Susan , Mucundanyi Gaspard , Ozer Mehmet , Delgardo Nicole
Published: April 2021

STEM Outreach Center is a non-profit educational center in southern New Mexico that supports K-12 STEM teachers and students by providing professional development, after school programs, summer camps, and field visits. This center has been organizing the Summer Institute Professional Development (SIPD) for more than ten years. The purpose of this research is to understand the effect of SIPD on teachers’ pedagogy to excite and engage students in STEM learning. This study contributes to the program evaluation by analyzing the experiences of teachers who participated in SIPD. This qualitative study uses the open-ended questionnaire as a method of data collection. The findings of this study show that teachers who attended the SIPD are eager to (i) integrate readings and arts in STEM teaching practices, (ii) improve their teaching pedagogies, and (iii) look for additional resources to support STEM teaching. Therefore, the authors recommend further research on how teachers transfer skills into their classrooms after attending SIPD.
A Critical Imaginal Hermeneutics Approach to Explore Unconscious Influences on Professional Practices: A Ricoeur and Jung Partnership
Authors: Bologna Rosa , Trede Franziska , Patton Narelle
Published: April 2021

Professional relationships are at the heart of professional practice. Qualitative studies exploring professional practice relationships are typically positioned in either the social constructivist (interpretive) paradigm where the aim is to explore actors’ subjective understandings of their relationships and relational practices, or in the critical paradigm where the aim is to reveal objective unconscious structures and hidden power plays influencing actors’ practices. This paper introduces critical imaginal hermeneutics as a systemic philosophical and methodological approach situated on the juncture of the social constructivist and critical paradigms where the dual aim is to explore both actors’ subjective understanding and meaning-making processes associated with their relational practices as well as explore objective unconscious structures and power relations influencing their relational practices. At the core of this approach is a Critical Imaginal Hermeneutic Spiral – a methodological guide for text construction and interpretation processes developed by partnering Paul Ricoeur’s critical hermeneutics and Carl Jung’s imaginal arts-based approach. The spiral was developed, employed, and coined as part of the first author’s doctoral thesis exploring clinical play therapists’ relational practices with parents. It incorporates the Bourdieu and Jung thought partnership explored by the authors in another paper in this volume. The approach provides a systemic guide for developing practitioners’ critical reflexivity regarding personal, social, and collective unconscious influences on their relational practices, and in turn minimising the unconscious influences that undermine the quality of professional practice relationships.
Managing Student Suicidality on Campus: Perspectives from Diverse Student Affairs Staff
Authors: Chugani Carla , Kass Gabriel , Miller Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

Suicidal behavior is a substantial public health issue faced by college campuses. College counseling professionals often interact with a variety of other student affairs professionals who may be involved in the management of suicidality on campus. However, research on their experiences and perspectives on this topic is scarce. In this study, we build on literature related to management of suicidality on campus, which is predominantly focused on campus counseling professionals. Fifteen semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with student affairs professionals to explore how professionals on campuses might better work together to prevent crises and support students at elevated risk for suicide. Recurrent and emerging themes included barriers impeding their ability to best serve suicidal students, their perceptions on what factors make students vulnerable to suicide, and suggestions for future research. We conclude with a discussion of options to increase quantity and quality of service provision on campus for suicidal students.
LinkedIn for Searching Better Job Opportunity: Passive Jobseekers’ Perceived Experience
Authors: HOSAIN MD , LIU PING
Published: April 2021

LinkedIn is a famous online social networking platform for the jobholders, jobseekers and employers although their purposes vary. Passive jobseekers are those who already have jobs but are searching for better alternatives. In this paper, we tried to identify the passive jobseekers’ perceived experience towards LinkedIn as a job searching platform. We used Focused Group Discussion (FGD) method to unmask the perception of 150 respondents from Bangladesh and India who use LinkedIn as professional social networking site frequently. After summarizing the FGD results, it was revealed that LinkedIn is the most preferred source of job search tool among the passive job candidates in terms of all aspects such as information availability, accuracy, relevance, reliability, timeliness and cost effectiveness. In addition, the authors revealed that the participants did not care much about privacy, fairness and ethics on LinkedIn as a professional social networking site (SNS). We expect that the results of this qualitative study will be helpful as a groundwork for further research. We also hope that the results will aid the recruiters to efficiently attract competent passive candidates as well as the job seekers to utilize LinkedIn in finding better job opportunity.
Qualities of a Good English Language Teacher from the Perspectives of Textbook Authors in the Field of Language Teaching, Teachers, and Learners
Authors: Mohammaditabar Mohammad , Bagheri Mohammad Sadegh , Yamini Mortaza , Rassaei Ehsan
Published: April 2021

Researchers in the field of language teaching have long been fascinated by the qualities of good teachers. Such qualities have rarely been approached qualitatively from different angles in a single study. Thus, this research aimed to unearth the qualities in question by employing a qualitative multimethod approach. To this end, 23 randomly selected standard language teaching textbooks were analyzed by two coders using qualitative content analysis. The judiciously adopted codes from the analysis were employed to design and carry out semi-structured interviews with nine effective language teachers as well as ten good learners nominated via purposeful sampling. The data gleaned from the semi-interviews were once again analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The collective initial coding of the three datasets resulted in thirteen themes: knowledge of pedagogy, rapport, critical thinking, empathy, rhetoric, knowledge of subject matter, enthusiasm, respect, humor, consciousness, fairness, authenticity, and physical attributes. Conducting a second-level coding, we uncovered two broad themes, namely personality and professionalism with the former being significantly weightier collectively. The application of Chi-Square at this point showed that the associations between the three datasets were meaningful. The findings of the semi-structured interviews of participant teachers and students corroborated those of authors in the field of language teaching. Also, rapport and pedagogy were respectively viewed as the most salient attributes associated with good language teachers by the interviewed informants. The study holds clear implications for interested researchers, language teachers, and teacher educators.
Sacred Medicine: Indigenous Healing and Mental Health
Authors: Lucana Sonia , Elfers John
Published: April 2021

This participatory action research was designed to create guidelines and strategies to improve the delivery of mental health services to immigrants from Central and South America to the US. The demand for appropriate strategies for addressing the mental health needs of this population is increasing. This study recruited 17 traditional healers and their clients in the US and Peru to share their understanding of mental health needs, the conditions for which someone might seek treatment, and those aspects of traditional cosmology and practice that could inform modern approaches. The findings identified patterns of generational trauma still evident from colonialism, the need to respect the traditional worldview of immigrants in relation to diagnosis of mental distress, connection to nature and place, and the role of community and ancestors to the process of healing and recovery. Recommendations for practitioners to be a bridge between traditional and modern approaches to mental health are offered.
NEW GENERATION’S EXPECTATIONS FOR 21ST CENTURY LEADER AND PERCEPTION BY YOUNG EMPLOYEES OF LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Gigauri Iza , Mushkudiani Zurab
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the paper is to research young employees' attitudes toward leadership in their organizations and gender role in leadership. The study explores what expectations have young people towards leadership behavior and leadership traits. It opted for a quantitative research approach using the descriptive research method. The data was collected with the survey, and the questionnaire was distributed through the Internet. The gathered data was analyzed through MS Excel and SPSS. The research provides empirical insight on the perception of the Georgian young generation to both man and woman leaders. The study results contribute to organizations in their efforts to attract young employees with leadership skills and pave the way for further research of ethical leadership and gender differences in organizational leadership.

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