bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbon gas and its implications for Late Miocene transpressional strength — A study in the Fangzheng Basin, Northeast China
Authors: Liu Bo , Yan Dongqi , Fu Xiaofei , Lü Yanfang , Gong Lei , Wang Shihui
Published: October 2017

We have assessed the genetic types of hydrocarbon gas in the Fangzheng Basin by analyzing the effects of geologic settings on gas generation, kerogen types in source rocks, gas compositions, stable carbon isotopes of individual alkanes, and biomarkers in gas-associated oil. The primary compounds of source rocks in the Eocene Xinancun Formation and Paleocene Wuyun Formation are found as type II and III kerogens, respectively. The hydrocarbon gas in the Fangzheng Basin can be classified into three families. Family I is affected by biodegradation, and it is dry gas generated from low-maturity lacustrine mudstones (i.e., oil-prone source rocks) of the Xinancun Formation. Family II is coal-derived wet gas accompanied by oil, and it is typically generated by type III kerogen of mudstones in coal measures of the Wuyun Formation. Family III is mixed-type wet gas whose primary compound is oil-associated gas, and it is mainly generated by type II kerogen in the Xinancun Formation and partly from type III kerogen in the Wuyun Formation in the Daluomi (DLM) Uplift. The family I and II hydrocarbon gases are located in the Zhuozhugang (ZSG) Sag. Family III hydrocarbon gas was formed in the mixing process of different genesis gas through the active faults because the late Miocene transpressional strength of uplift in the DLM Uplift was more intense than that in the ZSG Sag after the development of increased accommodation space coeval with intrabasinal rifting before Oligocene.
Dabrafenib and Trametinib Treatment in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic BRAF V600–Mutant Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Kreitman Robert J. , Wainberg Zev A. , Cho Jae Yong , Schellens Jan H.M. , Soria Jean Charles , Wen Patrick Y. , Zielinski Christoph , Cabanillas Maria E. , Urbanowitz Gladys , Mookerjee Bijoyesh , Wang Dazhe , Rangwala Fatima , Keam Bhumsuk
Published: October 2017

Purpose

We report the efficacy and safety of dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) combination therapy in BRAF V600E–mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer, a rare, aggressive, and highly lethal malignancy with poor patient outcomes and no systemic therapies with clinical benefit.

Methods

In this phase II, open-label trial, patients with predefined BRAF V600E–mutated malignancies received dabrafenib 150 mg twice daily and trametinib 2 mg once daily until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or death. The primary end point was investigator-assessed overall response rate. Secondary end points included duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety.

Results

Sixteen patients with BRAF V600E–mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer were evaluable (median follow-up, 47 weeks; range, 4 to 120 weeks). All patients had received prior radiation treatment and/or surgery, and six had received prior systemic therapy. The confirmed overall response rate was 69% (11 of 16; 95% CI, 41% to 89%), with seven ongoing responses. Median duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were not reached as a result of a lack of events, with 12-month estimates of 90%, 79%, and 80%, respectively. The safety population was composed of 100 patients who were enrolled with seven rare tumor histologies. Common adverse events were fatigue (38%), pyrexia (37%), and nausea (35%). No new safety signals were detected.

Conclusion

Dabrafenib plus trametinib is the first regimen demonstrated to have robust clinical activity in BRAF V600E–mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer and was well tolerated. These findings represent a meaningful therapeutic advance for this orphan disease.
Urban Speculation, Economic Openness, and Market Experiments in Phnom Penh
Authors: Nam Sylvia
Published: October 2017

Foregrounding the interconnections that fuel speculation in Phnom Penh, this article examines experiments by developers and investors who not only seek to bring built projects to the real estate market but also work to build markets by reconfiguring space. The staggering changes to Phnom Penh's built landscape over the last decade have been produced by a motley group of actors stoked by exuberance over property values and expectations of growth. Prominent among this group are Asian developers motivated by projected windfalls of property-centric development and spurred on by competition with one another. But in working to transform one of the last low-rise cities in Asia, developers have had to produce the conditions of possibility to build—through the stories that they tell about Phnom Penh, with the city's ascendance imagined as if through shared development arcs that have transformed Asia; the social and regulatory structures that make the economy open and accessible to developers' attempts to unleash new property forms; and the market strategies behind built projects that must be continuously modified in order to make property in the city viable.
Why Do People Give? Testing Pure and Impure Altruism
Authors: Ottoni-Wilhelm Mark , Vesterlund Lise , Xie Huan
Published: October 2017

Researchers measure crowd-out around one level of charity output to identify whether giving is motivated by altruism and/or warm-glow. However, crowd-out depends on output, implying first that the power to reject pure altruism varies, and second that a single measurement of incomplete crowd-out can be rationalized by many different preferences. By instead measuring crowd-out at different output levels, we allow both for identification and for a novel and direct test of impure altruism. Using a new experimental design, we present the first empirical evidence that, consistent with impure altruism, crowd-out decreases with output. (JEL D64, L31)
Interest Rate Pass-Through: Mortgage Rates, Household Consumption, and Voluntary Deleveraging
Authors: Di Maggio Marco , Kermani Amir , Keys Benjamin J. , Piskorski Tomasz , Ramcharan Rodney , Seru Amit , Yao Vincent
Published: October 2017

Exploiting variation in the timing of resets of adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), we find that a sizable decline in mortgage payments (up to 50 percent) induces a significant increase in car purchases (up to 35 percent). This effect is attenuated by voluntary deleveraging. Borrowers with lower incomes and housing wealth have significantly higher marginal propensity to consume. Areas with a larger share of ARMs were more responsive to lower interest rates and saw a relative decline in defaults and an increase in house prices, car purchases, and employment. Household balance sheets and mortgage contract rigidity are important for monetary policy pass-through. (JEL D12, D14, E43, E52, G21, R31)
‘Acting Wife’: Marriage Market Incentives and Labor Market Investments
Authors: Bursztyn Leonardo , Fujiwara Thomas , Pallais Amanda
Published: October 2017

Do single women avoid career-enhancing actions because these actions signal undesirable traits, like ambition, to the marriage market? While married and unmarried female MBA students perform similarly when their performance is unobserved by classmates (on exams and problem sets), unmarried women have lower participation grades. In a field experiment, single female students reported lower desired salaries and willingness to travel and work long hours on a real-stakes placement questionnaire when they expected their classmates to see their preferences. Other groups' responses were unaffected by peer observability. A second experiment indicates the effects are driven by observability by single male peers. (JEL C93, D82, J12, J16, J31)
Efficacy and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous glue embolization in iatrogenic haemorrhagic complications of paracentesis and thoracocentesis in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Mukund Amar , Kumar DP Vinay , Condati Naveen Kumar , Bhadoria Ajeet Singh , Sarin Shiv Kumar
Published: October 2017

Objective:

To compare the safety and efficacy of ultrasound guided percutaneous glue (N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) embolization with transarterial embolization in the management of iatrogenically injured arteries while performing paracentesis or thoracocentesis in patients with chronic liver disease.

Methods:

Hospital database was searched for cirrhotic patients having abdominal/thoracic wall haemorrhage following paracentesis/thoracocentesis procedure from January 2011 to June 2016. Doppler ultrasound and/or CT angiography were used to localize the site of haemorrhage and patients were treated by transarterial embolization or ultrasound-guided percutaneous glue embolization. Technical success was defined as cessation of haemorrhage as evidenced by angiography/Doppler ultrasound and clinical success was evaluated in terms of stabilization of the vital signs without the need for further transfusion or pressors, and survival. In both groups, the time to “imaging diagnosis of haemorrhage” and “successful embolization” with the outcome was analysed.

Results:

23 cirrhotic patients had bleeding following a percutaneous procedure, 8 (Group 1) of them underwent transarterial embolization while 15 (Group 2) underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous glue embolization. Mean time needed for embolization in Group 1 was 41 min while in Group 2 was 9 min (p < 0.001). Technical success was achieved in all but one case requiring repeat glue embolization. Initial clinical improvement was noted in all cases but the 30-day mortality owing to all causes was not significantly different between treatment groups.

Conclusion:

The study and its outcome suggest that ultrasound guided percutaneous glue embolization is a quick and effective treatment for iatrogenic haemorrhage following paracentesis/thoracocentesis in cirrhotic patients with comparable results to transarterial embolotherapy.

Advances in knowledge:

This study details an innovative technique of ultrasound guided percutaneous glue embolization of the iatrogenically injured vessel in the management of active extravasation and pseudoaneurysm developing after paracentesis/thoracocentesis in patients with cirrhosis.
Dual-region-of-interest bolus-tracking technique for coronary computed tomographic angiography on a 320-row scanner: reduction in the interpatient variability of arterial contrast enhancement
Authors: Kai Noriyuki , Oda Seitaro , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Nakaura Takeshi , Funama Yoshinori , Kidoh Masafumi , Taguchi Narumi , Iyama Yuji , Nagayama Yasunori , Hirata Kenichiro , Yuki Hideaki , Sakabe Daisuke , Hatemura Masahiro , Yamashita Yasuyuki
Published: October 2017

Objective:

We compared the effect of a dual-region-of-interest (ROI) bolus-tracking technique on interpatient variability of arterial contrast enhancement with that of the conventional bolus-tracking technique in coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) on a 320-row scanner.

Methods:

This study included 100 patients who underwent coronary CTA using one of two protocols: (1) 50 patients underwent scanning using a conventional single-ROI bolus-tracking technique (P-single) with an ROI placed in the ascending aorta, and (2) 50 patients underwent scanning using a dual-ROI technique (P-dual) with two ROIs placed in the pulmonary trunk and the ascending aorta. CT attenuation in the ascending aorta and coronary arteries, and the interpatient variability were compared between the two scanning protocols.

Results:

The mean CT attenuation of the ascending aorta and coronary arteries tended to be higher for P-dual than for P-single, but the difference was not significant (p = 0.08–0.30). The interpatient variability of contrast enhancement (SD of the CT attenuation) was significantly smaller for P-dual than for P-single (p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The dual-ROI bolus-tracking technique can reduce interpatient variability of arterial contrast enhancement in coronary CTA on a 320-row scanner.

Advances in knowledge:

The use of a dual-ROI bolus-tracking technique can provide sufficient and consistent arterial enhancement of coronary CTA.
Glioblastoma update: molecular biology, diagnosis, treatment, response assessment, and translational clinical trials
Authors: Lieberman Frank
Published: October 2017

This is an exciting time in neuro-oncology. Discoveries elucidating the molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis and the molecular subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have led to new diagnostic and classification schemes with more prognostic power than histology alone. Molecular profiling has become part of the standard neuropathological evaluation of GBM. Chemoradiation followed by adjuvant temozolomide remains the standard therapy for newly diagnosed GBM, but survival remains unsatisfactory. Patients with recurrent GBM continue to have a dismal prognosis, but neuro-oncology centers with active clinical trial programs are seeing a small but increasing cadre of patients with longer survival. Molecularly targeted therapeutics, personalized therapy based on molecular profiling of individual tumors, and immunotherapeutic strategies are all being evaluated and refined in clinical trials. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms of tumor-mediated immunosuppression, and specifically interactions between tumor cells and immune effector cells in the tumor microenvironment, has led to a new generation of immunotherapies, including vaccine and immunomodulatory strategies as well as T-cell-based treatments. Molecularly targeted therapies, chemoradiation, immunotherapies, and anti-angiogenic therapies have created the need to develop more reliable neuroimaging criteria for differentiating the effects of therapy from tumor progression and changes in blood–brain barrier physiology from treatment response. Translational clinical trials for patients with GBM now incorporate quantitative imaging using both magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography techniques. This update presents a summary of the current standards for therapy for newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM and highlights promising translational research.
Management of the patient with failed hypospadias surgery presenting in adulthood
Authors: Aldamanhori Reem , Chapple Christopher R.
Published: October 2017

The management of patients who have had complications of primary surgery for the resolution of a hypospadiac deformity remains a therapeutic challenge. Adults with complications following childhood hypospadias repairs are undoubtedly a difficult population to treat, as there is usually a cosmetic deformity, lower urinary tract symptoms, and resulting psychosexual consequences. A surgeon’s experience has been and still remains an important factor in determining subsequent surgical outcomes, particularly with more severe or complex cases. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the complications of hypospadias repair that present in adults and review published experience in treating them.
Recent advances in the management of transient ischemic attacks
Authors: Gomez Camilo R. , Schneck Michael J. , Biller José
Published: October 2017

Significant advances in our understanding of transient ischemic attack (TIA) have taken place since it was first recognized as a major risk factor for stroke during the late 1950's. Recently, numerous studies have consistently shown that patients who have experienced a TIA constitute a heterogeneous population, with multiple causative factors as well as an average 5–10% risk of suffering a stroke during the 30 days that follow the index event. These two attributes have driven the most important changes in the management of TIA patients over the last decade, with particular attention paid to effective stroke risk stratification, efficient and comprehensive diagnostic assessment, and a sound therapeutic approach, destined to reduce the risk of subsequent ischemic stroke. This review is an outline of these changes, including a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages, and references to how new trends are likely to influence the future care of these patients.
Risk of solid cancer in patients with mast cell activation syndrome: Results from Germany and USA
Authors: Molderings Gerhard J. , Zienkiewicz Thomas , Homann Jürgen , Menzen Markus , Afrin Lawrence B.
Published: October 2017

Background:  It has been shown repeatedly that mast cells can promote or prevent cancer development and growth. If development and/or progression of a solid cancer is substantially influenced by mast cell activity, the frequencies of occurrence of solid cancers in patients with primary mast cells disorders would be expected to differ from the corresponding prevalence data in the general population. In fact, a recent study demonstrated that patients with systemic mastocytosis (i.e., a rare neoplastic variant of the primary mast cell activation disease) have increased risk for solid cancers, in particular melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The aim of the present study is to examine whether the risk of solid cancer is increased in systemic mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), the common systemic variant of mast cell activation disease.

Methods: In the present descriptive study, we have analysed a large (n=828) patient group with MCAS, consisting of cohorts from Germany and the USA, for occurrence of solid forms of cancer and compared the frequencies of the different cancers with corresponding prevalence data for German and U.S. general populations.

Results: Sixty-eight of the 828 MCAS patients (46 female, 22 male) had developed a solid tumor before the diagnosis of MCAS was made. Comparison of the frequencies of the malignancies in the MCAS patients with their prevalence in the general population revealed a significantly increased prevalence for melanoma and cancers of the breast, cervix uteri, ovary, lung, and thyroid in MCAS patients.

Conclusions: Our data support the view that mast cells may promote development of certain malignant tumors. These findings indicate a need for increased surveillance of certain types of cancer in MCAS patients irrespective of its individual clinical presentation.
Pseudomonas expression of an oxygen sensing prolyl hydroxylase homologue regulates neutrophil host responses in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Dickinson Rebecca S. , Murphy Fiona , Doherty Catherine , Williams Sam , Mirchandani Ananda , Willson Joseph , Scotti John S. , Preston Gail , Schofield Christopher J. , Whyte Moira K.B. , Walmsley Sarah R.
Published: October 2017

Background: Pseudomonas species are adapted to evade innate immune responses and can persist at sites of relative tissue hypoxia, including the mucus-plugged airways of patients with cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis.  The ability of these bacteria to directly sense and respond to changes in local oxygen availability is in part consequent upon expression of the 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase, Pseudomonas prolyl hydroxylase (PPHD), which acts on elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), and is homologous with the human hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases. We report that PPHD expression regulates the neutrophil response to acute pseudomonal infection.

Methods: In vitro co-culture experiments were performed with human neutrophils and PPHD-deficient and wild-type bacteria and supernatants, with viable neutrophil counts determined by flow cytometry. In vivo consequences of infection with PPHD deficient P. aeruginosa were determined in an acute pneumonia mouse model following intra-tracheal challenge.

Results: Supernatants of PPHD-deficient bacterial cultures contained higher concentrations of the phenazine exotoxin pyocyanin and induced greater acceleration of neutrophil apoptosis than wild-type PAO1 supernatants in vitro.  In vivo infection with PPHD mutants compared to wild-type PAO1 controls resulted in increased levels of neutrophil apoptosis and impaired control of infection, with higher numbers of P. aeruginosa recovered from the lungs of mice infected with the PPHD-deficient strain.  This resulted in an overall increase in mortality in mice infected with the PPHD-deficient strain.

Conclusions: Our data show that Pseudomonas expression of its prolyl hydroxylase influences the outcome of host-pathogen interactions in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating the importance of considering how both host and pathogen adaptations to hypoxia together define outcomes of infection. Given that inhibitors for the HIF prolyl hydroxylases are in late stage trials for the treatment of anaemia and that the active sites of PPHD and human HIF prolyl hydroxylases are closely related, the results are of current clinical interest.
RESOURCE NETWORKS WITH LIMITATIONS ON VERTEX CAPACITIES
Authors: Жилякова Людмила , Zhilyakova Liudmila
Published: October 2017

Work is continuation of studies whose results are published in the monograph "Theory of resource networks" — M.: RIOR: INFRA-M, 2017. The resource network is a dynamic graph model in which vertices at discrete time homogeneous resource exchange through channels with limited bandwidth capabilities. At each step, the vertices give the resource to one of the two rules with the threshold switch, depending on its quantity. In the original model all the vertices have an unlimited capacity. Ie can take and store an arbitrary amount of the resource. In the model proposed in the present work, the vertices, the storage resource (attractors) have limitations on capacity. This creates the possibility of accumulation of the resource in the set of vertices, called secondary attractors. Investigated the inhomogeneous Markov chain generated by the process of redistribution of the resource. The book is intended for specialists in graph theory and operations research, students, masters and post-graduate students studying in various areas of discrete mathematics and computer science.
Educational Significance of Participation of Younger Schoolchildren in the Sabantuy Holiday
Authors: Ракаева Р. , Rakaeva R.
Published: October 2017

The article considers the possibilities of spiritual, moral and aesthetic development of younger schoolchildren on the basis of their introduction and involvement in the festive culture of the Tatar people. The solution of this educational task is carried out on an example of the main state holiday of Tatarstan — Sabantuy. The method of preparation for the holiday and the features of participation in it of junior schoolchildren are disclosed.
THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE CLASS TEACHER IN EDUCATIONAL AREA. EXPERIENCE
Authors: Сазонова Татьяна , Sazonova Tatyana
Published: October 2017

Classroom leadership gives the teacher the opportunity to look at the student from the other side: as a like-minded person, as a capable pupil and as a decent, kind person - and you understand that the education of a person is under your direct guidance, and it is possible to adjust the child's behavior in society, class, school.
TECHNIQUES OF SYSTEM-ACTIVITY APPROACH IN SECONDARY SCHOOL
Authors: Ковальчук Елена , Kovalchuk Elena
Published: October 2017

The article considers didactic principles, techniques of system-activity approach. They encourage pupils to develop their personality, to set learning goals independently, to plan the ways of achieving these goals, to control and estimate the results. In other words, the author studies basics of forming learning skills.
The Diagnostic Yield of Noninvasive Microbiologic Sputum Sampling in a Cohort of Patients with Clinically Diagnosed Hospital‐Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Naidus Elliot L. , Lasalvia Mary T. , Marcantonio Edward R. , Herzig Shoshana J.
Published: October 2017

The clinical predictors of positive sputum culture have not been previously reported in hospital‐acquired pneumonia (HAP), and data on yield of sputum culture in this setting are scant. Current Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines for HAP recommend noninvasive sputum sampling, though the data for this practice are limited. We assessed the yield of sputum culture in HAP cases at an academic medical center from January 2007 to July 2013. HAP cases were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision‐Clinical Modification codes for bacterial pneumonia and all cases were validated by chart review. Our cohort had 1172 hospitalizations with a HAP diagnosis. At least 1 sputum specimen was collected noninvasively and sent for bacterial culture after hospital day 2 and within 7 days of HAP diagnosis in 344 of these hospitalizations (29.4%), with a total of 478 sputum specimens, yielding 63 (13.2%) positive, 109 (22.8%) negative, and 306 (64.0%) contaminated cultures (>10 epithelial cells per high power field). Significant predictors of a positive sputum culture were chronic lung disease (relative risk [RR] = 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2‐3.4) and steroid use (RR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1‐3.2). The most commonly identified organisms were Gram‐negative rods not further speciated (25.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (21.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.8%). Because of the ease of obtaining a sputum sample combined with the prevalence of commonly drug‐resistant organisms, we suggest that sputum culture in HAP is a potentially useful noninvasive diagnostic technique.
Saudi Society and the State: Ideational and Material Basis
Authors: Muharrem Hilmi Özev
Published: October 2017

This article considers religious, social, political, and economic dimensions of the Saudi-Wahhabi state imagination. Since the inception, the Saudi state has relied on two main pillars: the monarchy and Wahhabism, which have been in a symbiotic relationship. In time, the state imagination in Saudi Arabia has been determined and reconstructed by factors like Wahhabism, monarchism, rentierism, internal and international political and economic obligations, and modernization efforts imposed by being a “nation state.” Those factors made Saudi Arabia a sui generis state. The legitimacy of the monarchy has been ensured through tribalism and, on a larger scale, religion. Foreign aid, booties, oil revenues, and, on a rather insignificant scale, tax revenues have created a material infrastructure to build citizenship.
Fear, loss and meaningful play: Permadeath in DayZ
Authors: Carter Marcus , Allison Fraser
Published: October 2017

This article interrogates player experiences with permadeath in the massively multiplayer online first-person shooter (MMOFPS) DayZ. We analyse the differences between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ instances of permadeath and argue that meaningfulness – in accordance with Salen and Zimmerman’s concept of meaningful play – is a critical requirement for positive experiences with permadeath. In doing so, this article suggests new ontologies for meaningfulness in play, and demonstrates how meaningfulness can be a useful lens through which to understand player experiences with negatively valenced play. We conclude by relating the appeal of permadeath to the excitation transfer effect, drawing parallels between the appeal of DayZ and fear-inducing horror games such as Silent Hill 2 and gratuitously violent and gory games such as Mortal Kombat.
Ciclo de vida de un concepto en el marco de la cognición ad hoc
Authors: Hernández Conde José Vicente
Published: October 2017

Recientemente Casasanto y Lupyan (2015) han sostenido que no hay conceptos independientes del contexto: todos los conceptos serían construidos ad hoc en el momento de su instanciación. El presente artículo muestra que el marco de la cognición ad hoc puede caracterizarse mediante una teoría de similaridad conceptual, y distingue dos nociones de concepto —asociadas a diferentes fases de su ciclo de vida (almacenamiento e instanciación)—. Esta propuesta reúne virtudes de enfoques opuestos: (a) invariantista: la estabilidad del concepto almacenado permite acumular nueva información; (b) contextualista: la dependencia contextual del concepto instanciado explica nuestra capacidad de adaptación.
Los parásitos de la ciencia. Una caracterización psicocognitiva del engaño pseudocientífico
Authors: Fasce Angelo
Published: October 2017

El marco teórico desde el cual se llevan a cabo investigaciones acerca de la pseudociencia es deficiente, dado que suele incluir otros tipos de creencias carentes de garantía epistémica. En este artículo, se repasarán los mecanismos de explotación de la autoridad científica por parte de la pseudociencia, desarrollando así un marco psicocognitivo más refinado para caracterizar el fenómeno. Se analizará la psicología del engaño pseudocientífico, las raíces cognitivas que posibilitan la epidemiología de este tipo de ideas y sus mecanismos de autolegitimación, como la superioridad dialéctica, el falso apoyo externo o la falsa superioridad ética y/o epistemológica.
Oxytocin, Empathy and Human Enhancement
Authors: Lara Francisco
Published: October 2017

This paper considers, firstly, to what extent the administration of oxytocin can augment the capacity of empathy in human beings; and secondly, whether or not such practice ought to be allowed. In relation to the latter, the author develops an argument in favour of this intervention by virtue of its consistency with the belief that, if a therapeutic treatment is to be considered acceptable, it is essential that it maximizes the well-being of those affected and that it does not compromise the autonomy of the patient. Having rejected several objections related to the nature of this intervention, the author finally questions its morality on the basis of a concern with its universalizability.
Examination of attitudes of nursing department senior students towards caring nurse-patient interaction
Hemşirelik bölümü son sınıf öğrencilerinin bakım odaklı hemşire-hasta etkileşimine yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Dilek , Gökdere Çinar Hava
Published: October 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the attitudes of senior students in the nursing department towards caring nursing-patient interaction.Method: The research is planned descriptively and cross-sectional. The research sample consisted of 57 students who were educated in the last year of the nursing department in the academic year of 2016-2017. In the collection of research data; "Student Presentation Form" and “Caring Nurse-Patient Interaction (CNPI) Scale”.Results: The significance, sufficiency and applicability dimension of CNIPS were 326.56±24.17, 287.43±44.05, 276.89±43.96, respectively. Morever, it was found that the highest average scores of the subscales were in "needs" and the lowest scores were in the "sensitivity" subscale. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the average ages of the students, their gender, reasons for choosing the profession, difficulties in relation to the patient and social relations, and the significance, sufficiency and applicability dimensions of the scale (p>0.05).Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that the attitudes and behaviors of the students participating in the study were significant, sufficient and practicable for all sub-dimensions of care-focused nurse-patient interaction.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik bölümü son sınıf öğrencilerinin bakım odaklı hemşire-hasta etkileşimine yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesidir.Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 2016-2017 akademik yılında hemşirelik bölümü son sınıfta öğrenim gören 57 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verilerinin toplanılmasında; araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Öğrenci Tanıtım Formu” ve “Bakım Odaklı Hemşire-Hasta Etkileşimi Ölçeği (BOHHEÖ) ” kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: BOHHEÖ’nin önemlilik, yeterlilik ve uygulanabilirlik boyutu toplam puan ortalamaları ise sırasıyla 326.56±24.17, 287.43±44.05, 276.89±43.96 olarak belirlendi. Ayrıca, alt ölçeklerden en yüksek puan ortalamalarının “gereksinimler” ve en düşük puan ortalamalarının ise “duyarlılık” alt boyutunda olduğu saptandı. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları, cinsiyet, mesleği seçme nedenleri, hasta ile ilişkilerde ve sosyal ilişkilerde güçlük yaşama durumları ile ölçeğin önemlilik, yeterlilik ve uygulanabilirlik boyutları toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark olmadığı bulundu (p>0.05).Sonuç: Öğrencilerin bakım odaklı hemşire-hasta etkileşiminin tüm alt boyutlarının önemli, yeterli ve uygulanabilir olduğuna ilişkin tutum ve davranışlarının olumlu yönde olduğu görülmüştür.
Stabilizing Very High Moisture Content Fine Grained Soils with Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cements
Authors: Howard Isaac L. , Bilberry Amanda C.
Published: October 2017

This paper focuses on rapidly stabilizing very high moisture soils via calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements. Producing a short-term construction material and/or handling contaminated sediments are the two primary anticipated applications. Literature review showed CSA cements have promise for an application of this nature, but that this subject has largely been unexplored. Behaviors of CSA cements were compared with ordinary portland cements (OPCs) where multiple soil types at a range of cement dosages and moisture contents were tested. There were distinct conditions where OPC outperformed CSA and vice versa. With the exception of very rare and isolated instances, there appears to be no advantage to using CSA cement below 10 % dosage. Moisture contents of 133 % or higher and high cement dosages (e.g., 15 to 20 %) in conjunction with a relatively low organic soil with a moderate liquid limit (e.g., 45 to 65) appears to be a good application for CSA cements.
Hole Surface Formation Mechanism of Al2O3 Ceramic Based on Sintering Diamond Bits
Authors: Gao Chao , Wang Sheng , Wang Hui
Published: October 2017

This paper studied surface formation mechanism of alumina (Al2O3) ceramic holes using sintering diamond bits. First, critical cutting loads and average cutting loads of single abrasive particles were calculated through theoretical analysis; secondly, scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination was carried out to further study the hole surface removal mechanism. The results show the following: (1) theoretical analysis shows that the minimum value of an average load of single abrasive particles is much bigger than the critical cutting load of engendering transverse crackle and that Al2O3 ceramic is removed mainly by the form of brittle fracture; (2) SEM analysis reveals that the machined surface is formed by concave pits (caused by brittle fracture) and groove scratches (caused by plastic deformation), and characters of brittle fracture are dominant; (3) brittle fracture mainly includes cleavage fracture, transgranular fracture, intergranular fracture, spalling removal, etc.; (4) the grinding surface also has a damage zone with different characteristics, such as stomatal zones, loose zones, remnant crackles, etc.
Writing Practice
Authors: Faulkner Sandra L.
Published: October 2017

In a narrative poem, the author demonstrates her writing practice and the everyday work and life challenges to that practice. The poet suggests, through example, strategies for readers to begin and maintain their writing practices.
How We Endure
Authors: Roselló Jarod
Published: October 2017

For the past seven years, I've worked on completing an illustrated novel based on my experiences as a child growing up in a sometimes violent and unpredictable home. At first, I planned only to use the details of my life as a way of grounding the story, but the more I wrote and drew, the more I remembered new events and sensations of my childhood. This paper explores the process of writing and drawing as a way of revisiting, reexamining, and making new meanings of childhood experiences. Through fiction writing, I rearrange and reinterpret the past, constructing knowledge through causality and reasoning. Through drawing, I externalize and render visible sensations of childhood that had been previously inaccessible. Ultimately, I consider the ways writing and drawing function as a form of active remembering that reconstructs and reclaims the past.
Waiting for Queer
Authors: Jones Stacy Holman
Published: October 2017

This essay takes up the notion of the delayed performative of queer mothering and queer families through the lens of adoption. With a particular focus on the enactment of queer futurity in/through performances of waiting—the anxious waiting for “the call” bearing news of a child that adoptive mothers do, and the insistent waiting for the possibility of another world that mothering promises—this chapter performs queer mothering/queer families as a “doing for and toward the future” (Muñoz, 2009, p. 1). I use Judith Halberstam's idea of “queer family time”—an opening or horizon that imagines a future self and family “not quite here but always in process, always becoming, emerging in difference” (Muñoz, 2009, p. 112).
Riverside
Authors: Richardson Laurel
Published: October 2017

In this autoethnography of my anaphylactic allergic reaction to penicillin, I write of my fears, hallucinations, and relevant childhood experiences as well as the procedures and problems experienced in highly ranked American hospital's emergency room(s).
Reading and Writing Research Located in the Literary
Authors: Pelias Ronald J.
Published: October 2017

In this essay I identify the obligations I feel as a reader and writer who celebrates the literary as a researcher. I structure the piece by asking a series of questions from my writer and reader stances to put on display the relational dynamic between readers and writers and to imply how the literary in research might come into play. I end the essay in the hope that my readers will offer additional questions to my questions, inquiries that will not easily settle into a satisfying narrative, by considering their critical perspectives as readers and writers who work with the literary in their research.
Beyond the Talk-Back
Authors: Rowe Desireé D.
Published: October 2017

Reflecting on my own experiences with talk-backs and audience responses, this manuscript uses metaphor to map the functions of autoethnographic performance critique. Through an exploration of vulnerability within performance, I turn to three key areas: theoretical accessibility, performativity, and accountability in order to chart how to engage in critique of performance autoethnography.
Silence as Attentive Space
Authors: Gloviczki Peter Joseph
Published: October 2017

In this autoethnography, I examine silence and its role in the communication world. I believe silence is especially worthy of investigation in a networked world that is at least somewhat devoid of opportunities to pause. In this way, I hope this short paper helps other scholars take up fuller consideration of silence as an active element within and beyond the communication world.
Math is in the Title
Authors: Myers Kayla D. , Cannon Susan O. , Bridges-Rhoads Sarah
Published: October 2017

An ongoing experiment in (un)learning the humanist subject in qualitative and post qualitative inquiry, this writing-reading-thinking explores the tensions that two doctoral students and an assistant professor grapple with through an undirected/directed reading course and beyond. The paper takes up and troubles conventional academic writing practices that aim to present knowledge as finished and neatly packaged for consumption, pushing against the stable academic subject. We intend for the reader to experiment and play in the manuscript and to think with multiple fragments together. We hold a persistent wondering about how to teach and learn to think differently—how to “untrain” researchers as St. Pierre (2016b) says.
Writing at the Speed of Sound: Music Stenography and Recording beyond the Phonograph
Authors: Pierce J. Mackenzie
Published: October 2017

Music shorthand systems devised by Michel Woldemar, Hippolyte Prévost, and August Baumgartner adapted the quill strokes of speech stenography to the seemingly analogous domain of music. Eschewing conventional staff notation in favor of cursive lines that indicated pitch, register, interval, and duration, music stenographers endeavored to record in real time instrumental improvisations and fleeting inspirations that would otherwise have been lost forever due to a lack of recording technology. To advocates of such methods, more efficient technologies of musical writing were indispensable for capturing fugitive musical thoughts and acts: music stenography aided Hector Berlioz, for example, in the composition of his Requiem. For others, including Rossini, Fétis, and contributors to the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, the claims and merits of stenography were a source of controversy as well as fascination.

Grounded in a corpus of seventy music stenographies that have been largely ignored by musicologists and historians of technology alike, this article asks how musical intuitions became musical texts, thereby entering print-based networks of circulation. Although the importance of “genius” and “work” as historical concepts regulating the production, ontology, and reception of nineteenth-century music has long been acknowledged, the material basis of these concepts has been overlooked until recently. The efforts of musical stenographers demonstrate that the inscription and circulation of material texts provided the means by which musical inspiration could be registered and stored, constituting a material substrate on which such idealist concepts depended. Whereas historians of sound recording have focused on seismic historical and cultural shifts wrought by the introduction of the phonograph in 1877, the preoccupation with capturing music in the decades preceding and following this date suggests an alternate conception of text-based sound recording.
Flowers over the Abyss: A Musical Uncanny in Nineteenth-Century Criticism
Authors: Lalonde Amanda
Published: October 2017

The term unheimlich (uncanny) comes into usage in German music criticism in the nineteenth century and is often used to describe instrumental music, particularly sections of works featuring the ombra topic. While the idea that instrumental music can be uncanny regardless of text or program is not novel, this work differs from most existing scholarship on the musical uncanny in that it presents a possible precursor to the twentieth-century psychoanalytic uncanny. Instead, it examines Schelling's definition of the uncanny in the larger context of his ideas in order to form a basis for theorizing a version of this aesthetic category that is active in the nineteenth-century critical discourse about music.

In the early nineteenth century, music becomes uncanny because it discloses what should remain hidden from finite revelation. Critics understand passages of instrumental ombra music as uncanny moments when music calls attention to itself as the sensuous manifestation of the Absolute. They remark on these passages’ effacing of boundaries and sense of becoming, residues of eighteenth-century uses of the topic in operatic supernatural scenes and as part of a chaos-to-order narrative in symphonic music. The article concludes with the reception of the opening of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony and the finale of Schubert's Octet, D. 803, using critics’ comments as a basis for extrapolating, through new analyses, as to the features that might make the particular works remarkable as examples of music's uncanny power made manifest.
An Activist Perspective on Industrial Heritage in Petrila, a Romanian Mining City
Authors: Constantinescu Ilinca Păun , Dascălu Dragoş , Sucală Cristina
Published: October 2017

The Petrila Coal Mine closed on October 30, 2015, and was slated to be demolished by January 2016 after more than 150 years of mining history. The company proposed no alternatives and made the decision to close the mine without any consultation with the local community. In 2011, however, after learning about the fate of the mine, a local artist and a team of architects initiated a series of projects offering alternatives to demolition. This article shows the complicated emotional relationship between the local inhabitants and the mine, as well as the dysfunctional communication between community, NGOs, and the local and central authorities. In a broader discussion of the neglected Romanian industrial legacy, it depicts how industrial heritage has made alternative scenarios an unavoidable topic of debate.
Social Intuition and Social Information in Physical Child Abuse Evaluation and Diagnosis
Authors: Keenan Heather T. , Cook Lawrence J. , Olson Lenora M. , Bardsley Tyler , Campbell Kristine A.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

Poor and minority children with injuries concerning for abuse are evaluated and diagnosed for abuse differentially. We hypothesized that 2 steps in the decision-making process would influence evaluation and diagnosis: social intuition from meeting the family and objective social information associated with child abuse risk.

METHODS:

Between 2009 and 2013, 32 child abuse pediatricians (CAPs) submitted 730 child abuse consultations including original medical evaluations and diagnoses. CAPs evaluated and diagnosed each other’s cases. Comparisons of evaluations and diagnoses were made by levels of social understanding available to the CAP: meeting the family (social intuition and information), reading the case (social information), and reading the case without social information. Evaluations were compared with a consensus gold standard by using logistic regression modeling adjusting for child and CAP characteristics. Diagnostic categories were compared by level of social understanding and diagnostic certainty by using contingency tables.

RESULTS:

CAPs without access to social intuition were approximately twice as likely to perform gold standard evaluations for neurotrauma and long bone fracture compared with CAPs who met families. Diagnostic agreement fell from 73.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.1%–76.5%) when social information was present to 66.5% (95% CI: 63.1%–70.0%) when social information was restricted. In cases with less certainty, agreement dropped to 51.3% (95% CI: 46.0%–56.7%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Social intuition and information play a role in the physical child abuse decision-making process, which may contribute to differential diagnosis. Simple interventions including decision tools, check lists, and peer review may structure evaluations to ensure children’s equal treatment.
Tromboelastografía para dirigir la terapia transfusional en dengue hemorrágico en una paciente embarazada hospitalizada en UCI: Reporte de caso
Authors: Rojas José Antonio , Molano-Franco Daniel , Jiménez Tito , Valencia Albert , Leal Rafael , Méndez Pablo , Nieto Víctor , Hernández Diego
Published: October 2017

El dengue es una enfermedad considerada como el mayor problema de salud pública en países tropicales. Un importante porcentaje de pacientes que lo padecen requieren ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) debido a la severidad del cuadro clínico. El presente caso reporta la evolución clínica de una gestante de ocho semanas con cuadro febril asociado a trombocitopenia y leucopenia. La paciente procede de un área endémica para enfermedades tropicales, lo que lleva a realizar un diagnóstico de dengue con características hemorrágicas.En la UCI, la paciente presenta hemorragia del primer trimestre y hematoma placentario, por lo que, ante el estado de embarazo y el riesgo de pérdida del mismo, se decide monitorizar la función hematológica con tromboelastrografía y transfundir hemoderivados según los hallazgos específicos. Se logra controlar y revertir el proceso de sangrado obstétrico con evolución favorable de la paciente y egreso de UCI. En el presente artículo se reporta la utilidad de la monitorización dinámica de la función hematológica con tromboelastografia en pacientes con dengue hemorrágico y condiciones especiales, tales como el embarazo.