bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activation of Aurora A kinase increases YAP stability via blockage of autophagy
Authors: Wang Peng , Gong Ying , Guo Tao , Li Man , Fang Lei , Yin Shengchen , Kamran Muhammad , Liu Yang , Xu Jie , Xu Lingzhi , Peng Fei , Xue Xiaoyuan , Yang Mengying , Hung Mie-Chie , Lam Eric W.-F. , Gu Chundong , Wang Chunli , Zhan Qimin , Liu Quentin
Published: June 2019

Transcription cofactor Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays an important role in cancer progression. Here, we found that Aurora A kinase expression was positively correlated with YAP in lung cancer. Aurora A depletion suppresses lung cancer cell colony formation, which could be reversed by YAP ectopic overexpression. In addition, activation of Aurora A increases YAP protein abundance through maintaining its protein stability. Consistently, the transcriptional activity of YAP is increased upon Aurora A activation. We further showed that shAURKA suppressed YAP expression in the absence of Lats1/2, indicating that Aurora A regulates YAP independently of Hippo pathway. Instead, Aurora A induced blockage of autophagy to up-regulate YAP expression. Collectively, our findings provide insights into regulatory mechanisms of YAP expression in lung cancer development.
Pseudogene RACGAP1P activates RACGAP1/Rho/ERK signalling axis as a competing endogenous RNA to promote hepatocellular carcinoma early recurrence
Authors: Wang Meng-Yao , Chen Dong-Ping , Qi Bin , Li Ming-Yi , Zhu Yan-Yi , Yin Wen-Jing , He Lu , Yu Yi , Li Zhou-Yu , Lin Ling , Yang Fang , Lin Zhi-Rui , Liu Jin-Quan
Published: June 2019

Accumulating evidence has indicated crucial roles for pseudogenes in human cancers. However, the roles played by pseudogenes in the pathogenesis of HCC, particularly HCC early recurrence, still incompletely elucidated. Herein, we identify a novel early recurrence related pseudogene RACGAP1P which was significantly upregulated in HCC and was associated with larger tumour size, advanced clinical stage, abnormal AFP level and shorter survival time. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that RACGAP1P is a prerequisite for the development of malignant characteristics of HCC cells, including cell growth and migration. Mechanistic investigations indicated that RACGAP1P elicits its oncogenic activity as a ceRNA to sequestrate miR-15-5p from its endogenous target RACGAP1, thereby leading to the upregulation of RACGAP1 and the activation of RhoA/ERK signalling. These results may provide new insights into the functional crosstalk of the pseudogene/miRNA/parent-gene genetic network during HCC early relapse and may contribute to improving the clinical intervention for this subset of HCC patients.
Single-cell imaging and transcriptomic analyses of endogenous cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and cycling
Authors: Zhang Yiqiang , Gago-Lopez Nuria , Li Ning , Zhang Zhenhe , Alver Naima , Liu Yonggang , Martinson Amy M. , Mehri Avin , MacLellan William Robb
Published: June 2019

While it is recognized that there are low levels of new cardiomyocyte (CM) formation throughout life, the source of these new CM generates much debate. One hypothesis is that these new CMs arise from the proliferation of existing CMs potentially after dedifferentiation although direct evidence for this is lacking. Here we explore the mechanisms responsible for CM renewal in vivo using multi-reporter transgenic mouse models featuring efficient adult CM (ACM) genetic cell fate mapping and real-time cardiomyocyte lineage and dedifferentiation reporting. Our results demonstrate that non-myocytes (e.g., cardiac progenitor cells) contribute negligibly to new ACM formation at baseline or after cardiac injury. In contrast, we found a significant increase in dedifferentiated, cycling CMs in post-infarct hearts. ACM cell cycling was enhanced within the dedifferentiated CM population. Single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that CMs identified with dedifferentiation reporters had significant down-regulation in gene networks for cardiac hypertrophy, contractile, and electrical function, with shifts in metabolic pathways, but up-regulation in signaling pathways and gene sets for active cell cycle, proliferation, and cell survival. The results demonstrate that dedifferentiation may be an important prerequisite for CM proliferation and explain the limited but measurable cardiac myogenesis seen after myocardial infarction (MI).
Structural basis for substrate gripping and translocation by the ClpB AAA+ disaggregase
Authors: Rizo Alexandrea N. , Lin JiaBei , Gates Stephanie N. , Tse Eric , Bart Stephen M. , Castellano Laura M. , DiMaio Frank , Shorter James , Southworth Daniel R.
Published: June 2019

Bacterial ClpB and yeast Hsp104 are homologous Hsp100 protein disaggregases that serve critical functions in proteostasis by solubilizing protein aggregates. Two AAA+ nucleotide binding domains (NBDs) power polypeptide translocation through a central channel comprised of a hexameric spiral of protomers that contact substrate via conserved pore-loop interactions. Here we report cryo-EM structures of a hyperactive ClpB variant bound to the model substrate, casein in the presence of slowly hydrolysable ATPγS, which reveal the translocation mechanism. Distinct substrate-gripping interactions are identified for NBD1 and NBD2 pore loops. A trimer of N-terminal domains define a channel entrance that binds the polypeptide substrate adjacent to the topmost NBD1 contact. NBD conformations at the seam interface reveal how ATP hydrolysis-driven substrate disengagement and re-binding are precisely tuned to drive a directional, stepwise translocation cycle.
Wwp2 maintains cartilage homeostasis through regulation of Adamts5
Authors: Mokuda Sho , Nakamichi Ryo , Matsuzaki Tokio , Ito Yoshiaki , Sato Tempei , Miyata Kohei , Inui Masafumi , Olmer Merissa , Sugiyama Eiji , Lotz Martin , Asahara Hiroshi
Published: June 2019

The WW domain-containing protein 2 (Wwp2) gene, the host gene of miR-140, codes for the Wwp2 protein, which is an HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases abundantly expressed in articular cartilage. However, its function remains unclear. Here, we show that mice lacking Wwp2 and mice in which the Wwp2 E3 enzyme is inactivated (Wwp2-C838A) exhibit aggravated spontaneous and surgically induced osteoarthritis (OA). Consistent with this phenotype, WWP2 expression level is downregulated in human OA cartilage. We also identify Runx2 as a Wwp2 substrate and Adamts5 as a target gene, as similar as miR-140. Analysis of Wwp2-C838A mice shows that loss of Wwp2 E3 ligase activity results in upregulation of Runx2-Adamts5 signaling in articular cartilage. Furthermore, in vitro transcribed Wwp2 mRNA injection into mouse joints reduces the severity of experimental OA. We propose that Wwp2 has a role in protecting cartilage from OA by suppressing Runx2-induced Adamts5 via Runx2 poly-ubiquitination and degradation.
Human evolved regulatory elements modulate genes involved in cortical expansion and neurodevelopmental disease susceptibility
Authors: Won Hyejung , Huang Jerry , Opland Carli K. , Hartl Chris L. , Geschwind Daniel H.
Published: June 2019

Modern genetic studies indicate that human brain evolution is driven primarily by changes in gene regulation, which requires understanding the biological function of largely non-coding gene regulatory elements, many of which act in tissue specific manner. We leverage chromatin interaction profiles in human fetal and adult cortex to assign three classes of human-evolved elements to putative target genes. We find that human-evolved elements involving DNA sequence changes and those involving epigenetic changes are associated with human-specific gene regulation via effects on different classes of genes representing distinct biological pathways. However, both types of human-evolved elements converge on specific cell types and laminae involved in cerebral cortical expansion. Moreover, human evolved elements interact with neurodevelopmental disease risk genes, and genes with a high level of evolutionary constraint, highlighting a relationship between brain evolution and vulnerability to disorders affecting cognition and behavior. These results provide novel insights into gene regulatory mechanisms driving the evolution of human cognition and mechanisms of vulnerability to neuropsychiatric conditions.
Bivariate causal mixture model quantifies polygenic overlap between complex traits beyond genetic correlation
Authors: Frei Oleksandr , Holland Dominic , Smeland Olav B. , Shadrin Alexey A. , Fan Chun Chieh , Maeland Steffen , O’Connell Kevin S. , Wang Yunpeng , Djurovic Srdjan , Thompson Wesley K. , Andreassen Ole A. , Dale Anders M.
Published: June 2019

Accumulating evidence from genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggests an abundance of shared genetic influences among complex human traits and disorders, such as mental disorders. Here we introduce a statistical tool, MiXeR, which quantifies polygenic overlap irrespective of genetic correlation, using GWAS summary statistics. MiXeR results are presented as a Venn diagram of unique and shared polygenic components across traits. At 90% of SNP-heritability explained for each phenotype, MiXeR estimates that 8.3 K variants causally influence schizophrenia and 6.4 K influence bipolar disorder. Among these variants, 6.2 K are shared between the disorders, which have a high genetic correlation. Further, MiXeR uncovers polygenic overlap between schizophrenia and educational attainment. Despite a genetic correlation close to zero, the phenotypes share 8.3 K causal variants, while 2.5 K additional variants influence only educational attainment. By considering the polygenicity, discoverability and heritability of complex phenotypes, MiXeR analysis may improve our understanding of cross-trait genetic architectures.
The ORC ubiquitin ligase OBI1 promotes DNA replication origin firing
Authors: Coulombe Philippe , Nassar Joelle , Peiffer Isabelle , Stanojcic Slavica , Sterkers Yvon , Delamarre Axel , Bocquet Stéphane , Méchali Marcel
Published: June 2019

DNA replication initiation is a two-step process. During the G1-phase of the cell cycle, the ORC complex, CDC6, CDT1, and MCM2–7 assemble at replication origins, forming pre-replicative complexes (pre-RCs). In S-phase, kinase activities allow fork establishment through (CDC45/MCM2–7/GINS) CMG-complex formation. However, only a subset of all potential origins becomes activated, through a poorly understood selection mechanism. Here we analyse the pre-RC proteomic interactome in human cells and find C13ORF7/RNF219 (hereafter called OBI1, for ORC-ubiquitin-ligase-1) associated with the ORC complex. OBI1 silencing result in defective origin firing, as shown by reduced CMG formation, without affecting pre-RC establishment. OBI1 catalyses the multi-mono-ubiquitylation of a subset of chromatin-bound ORC3 and ORC5 during S-phase. Importantly, expression of non-ubiquitylable ORC3/5 mutants impairs origin firing, demonstrating their relevance as OBI1 substrates for origin firing. Our results identify a ubiquitin signalling pathway involved in origin activation and provide a candidate protein for selecting the origins to be fired.
Inkjet-printed unclonable quantum dot fluorescent anti-counterfeiting labels with artificial intelligence authentication
Authors: Liu Yang , Han Fei , Li Fushan , Zhao Yan , Chen Maosheng , Xu Zhongwei , Zheng Xin , Hu Hailong , Yao Jianmin , Guo Tailiang , Lin Wanzhen , Zheng Yuanhui , You Baogui , Liu Pai , Li Yang , Qian Lei
Published: June 2019

An ideal anti-counterfeiting technique has to be inexpensive, mass-producible, nondestructive, unclonable and convenient for authentication. Although many anti-counterfeiting technologies have been developed, very few of them fulfill all the above requirements. Here we report a non-destructive, inkjet-printable, artificial intelligence (AI)-decodable and unclonable security label. The stochastic pinning points at the three-phase contact line of the ink droplets is crucial for the successful inkjet printing of the unclonable security labels. Upon the solvent evaporation, the three-phase contact lines are pinned around the pinning points, where the quantum dots in the ink droplets deposited on, forming physically unclonable flower-like patterns. By utilizing the RGB emission quantum dots, full-color fluorescence security labels can be produced. A convenient and reliable AI-based authentication strategy is developed, allowing for the fast authentication of the covert, unclonable flower-like dot patterns with different sharpness, brightness, rotations, amplifications and the mixture of these parameters.
All-fiber continuous-wave Raman fiber oscillator operating at 2118 nm
Authors: Quan Zhao , Wang Jianhua , Shen Hui , Chen Xiaolong , Qi Yunfeng , He Bing , Zhou Jun
Published: June 2019

An all-fiber Raman fiber oscillator operating at 2118 nm pumped by homemade thulium-doped fiber laser with continuous output power of 4.2 W has been demonstrated in this paper. By means of 26 m ultrahigh-numerical-aperture fibers, the average slope efficiency can be up to 23.6%. Because of the Raman spectrum broadening of the first Stokes light, the intensity of high order Raman Stokes has been suppressed. The mechanism of Raman spectrum broadening has been analyzed by group-velocity dispersion and Four-Wave Mixing frequency theories in detail. Two mode field adaptors have been used to reduce the intracavity loss and thermal deposition, which indicates that the proposed architecture is robust and has significant power scaling potential.
Water properties under nano-scale confinement
Authors: Knight Andrew W. , Kalugin Nikolai G. , Coker Eric , Ilgen Anastasia G.
Published: June 2019

Water is the universal solvent and plays a critical role in all known geological and biological processes. Confining water in nano-scale domains, as encountered in sedimentary rocks, in biological, and in engineered systems, leads to the deviations in water’s physicochemical properties relative to those measured for the non-confined phase. In our comprehensive analysis, we demonstrate that nano-scale confinement leads to the decrease in the melting/freezing point temperature, density, and surface tension of confined water. With increasing degree of spatial confinement the population of networked water, as evidenced by alterations in the O-H stretching modes, increases. These analyses were performed on two groups of mesoporous silica materials, which allows to separate pore size effects from surface chemistry effects. The observed systematic effects of nano-scale confinement on the physical properties of water are driven by alterations to water’s hydrogen-bonding network—influenced by water interactions with the silica surface — and has implications for how we understand the chemical and physical properties of liquids confined in porous materials.
Transport infrastructure severely impacts amphibian dispersal regardless of life stage
Authors: Cayuela Hugo , Bonnaire Éric , Astruc Guillelme , Besnard Aurélien
Published: June 2019

Transport infrastructure such as roads has been reported to negatively affect dispersal. Their effects on dispersal are thought to be complex, depending on the characteristics of the structure and the intensity of the traffic using it. In addition, individual factors, such as age, may strongly affect dispersal decisions and success when individuals are confronted with transport infrastructure. Despite the importance of this topic for wildlife conservation, few studies have investigated the effect of transport infrastructure on individuals’ dispersal decisions before and after sexual maturity. We examined the effects on two kinds of infrastructure, gravel tracks and paved roads, on the dispersal of an endangered amphibian, the yellow-bellied toad (Bombina variegata). We used capture–recapture data collected during a five-year period on a large, spatially structured population of B. variegata. Our study revealed that emigration rates increased with an individual’s age, while dispersal distance decreased. It also showed that both tracks and roads had negative effects on immigration. The negative effect of roads was stronger than that of tracks. We additionally found that the effect of tracks on dispersal slightly decreased with a toad’s age. In contrast, the negative effect of roads was severe and relatively similar across age classes.
Effect of nitrogen supply method on root growth and grain yield of maize under alternate partial root-zone irrigation
Authors: Qi Dongliang , Hu Tiantian , Song Xue , Zhang Meiling
Published: June 2019

A field experiment was carried out to investigate effect of nitrogen (N) supply method on root growth and its correlation with the above-ground parts in maize (Zea mays L.) under alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) at Wuwei, northwest China in 2012 and 2014. The treatments included alternate N supply, conventional N supply and fixed N supply under APRI (designated AN, CN and FN, respectively), with an additional CN fertilizer treatment coupled with conventional irrigation (CK). Ridges were built in a west-east direction. Root weight density (RWD) in the 0–100 cm soil layer and shoot biomass at the V6, V12, VT, R2 and R6 stages, and grain yield and yield components at the R6 were determined. Results showed that RWD around the plant (i.e. under the plant, south and north of the plant) in the 0–40 cm soil layer varied among different treatments at the VT, R2 and R6 stages. The RWD north and south the plant were comparable during maize growth stages for AN, CN and CK, while FN significantly decreased the RWD of its no N supply side at the three stages and markedly decreased the RWD of its N supply side at the VT. AN and CN significantly increased the RWD, shoot biomass at the three stages, and grain yield compared with FN and CK. Grain yield was positively correlated with RWD in the 0–40 cm soil layer at the three stages. These results suggested that AN and CN produced a relatively uniform distribution of roots and a greater root biomass, which contributed to the enhanced shoot biomass and grain yield of maize under APRI.
Sciuromorphy outside rodents reveals an ecomorphological convergence between squirrels and extinct South American ungulates
Authors: Ercoli Marcos D. , Álvarez Alicia , Candela Adriana M.
Published: June 2019

Notoungulates were a diverse group of South American ungulates that included the rodent-like typotherians. However, they are typically compared with other ungulates and interpreted as grazers. Here we present the first detailed reconstruction of the masticatory muscles of the pachyrukhine typotherians Paedotherium and Tremacyllus. An outstanding feature is the presence of a true sciuromorph condition, defined by an anterior portion of the deep masseter muscle originating from a wide zygomatic plate that reaches the rostrum, a trait traceable since the Oligocene pachyrukhines. Consequently, pachyrukhines are the first case of sciuromorph non-rodent mammals. This morphology would have allowed them to explore ecological niches unavailable for the exclusively hystricomorph coexisting rodents. This innovative acquisition seems to be synchronous in Pachyrukhinae and sciuromorph rodents and related to hard-food consumption. We postulate the expansion of nut and cone trees during the major environmental changes at Eocene−Oligocene transition as a potential trigger for this convergence.
Cluster-to-cluster charge transfer in a compound with a co-crystallized dye-anchored Ti6cluster and a classical Ti12cluster
Authors: Wang Huan , Zou Dan-Hong , Jiang Guo-Qin , Dai Jie
Published: June 2019

A first co-crystallized neutral TOC with TOC (Ti6) to TOC (Ti12) charge transfer was found and studied using electronic spectra and DFT calculations.
Spectroelectrochemical studies of the redox active tris[4-(triazol-1-yl)phenyl]amine linker and redox state manipulation of Mn(ii)/Cu(ii) coordination frameworks
Authors: Ngue Chin-May , Liu Yen-Hsiang , Wen Yuh-Sheng , Leung Man-Kit , Chiu Ching-Wen , Lu Kuang-Lieh
Published: June 2019

In situ spectroelectrochemical methods were conducted to investigate the redox active tris(4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)amine (TTPA) ligand and its incorporation into the solid state of Mn(ii) and Cu(ii) frameworks.
Cucurbit[7]uril-conjugated dyes as live cell imaging probes: investigation on their cellular uptake and excretion pathways
Authors: Li Meng , Lee Ara , Kim Sungwan , Shrinidhi Annadka , Park Kyeng Min , Kim Kimoon
Published: June 2019

The potential of cucurbit[7]uril derivatives as live cell imaging probes is demonstrated by investigating the intracellular uptake and excretion of dye-conjugated cucurbit[7]uril derivatives.
Synthesis of β-sulfinyl cyclobutane carboxylic amides via a formal α to β sulphoxide migration process
Authors: Ghisu Lorenza , Melis Nicola , Serusi Lorenzo , Luridiana Alberto , Soddu Francesco , Secci Francesco , Caboni Pierluigi , Guillot Régis , Aitken David J. , Frongia Angelo
Published: June 2019

An original tandem reaction consisting of a thermal elimination–addition process was developed.
Organoboron synthesis via ring opening coupling reactions
Authors: Gava Riccardo , Fernández Elena
Published: June 2019

This review covers new trends towards the selective synthesis of organoboron compounds where boron reagents and cyclic substrates participate in the generation of carbanions, in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of main-group metals or catalytic amounts of transition metal complexes, via ring opening coupling transformations.
Cholesteric–azobenzene liquid crystalline copolymers: design, structure and thermally responsive optical properties
Authors: Ndaya Dennis , Bosire Reuben , Kasi Rajeswari M.
Published: June 2019

We report the synthesis of new functional cholesteric–azobenzene side-chain liquid crystalline copolymers and terpolymers, their temperature-responsive mesophase behavior, and stimuli responsive photonic properties from 400 nm to the near infra-red region of the electromagnetic spectra.
Entry modes of ellipsoidal nanoparticles on a membrane during clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Authors: Deng Hua , Dutta Prashanta , Liu Jin
Published: June 2019

Bond formation and clathrin assembly determine the multi-entry modes of ellipsoid nanoparticles in clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Association of DNAH11 gene polymorphisms with asthenozoospermia in Northeast Chinese patients
Authors: Zhu Dongliang , Zhang Hongguo , Wang Ruixue , Liu Xiaojun , Jiang Yuting , Feng Tao , Liu Ruizhi , Zhang Guirong
Published: June 2019

Summary: Reduced or no progressive sperm motility in the fresh ejaculate defines asthenozoospermia as one of the major causes of male infertility. The axonemal heavy chain dynein type 11 (DNAH11) gene encodes for one of the axonemal dynein heavy chain (DHC) family members and participates in assembling respiratory cilia and sperm flagella. Given the high degree of conservation of DNAH11, mutations could give rise to primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and asthenozoospermia. To date, few studies have reported on the association between variants in DNAH11 and asthenozoospermia. In the present study, 87 patients with idiopathic asthenozoospermia for variants in DNAH11 were screened by using high-throughput targeted gene sequencing technology. Bioinformatics analysis was further assessed. We found compound heterozygous variants (c.9484-1 G>T, c.12428 T>C) of DNAH11 detected in 1 of 87 patients. The variant c.9484-1 G>T was confirmed as a novel virulence variant which was predicted to affect splicing by Human Splicing Finder 3.1. And c.12428 T>C was predicted to be mildly pathogenic in silico analysis. We found that DNAH11 polymorphisms display strong associations with asthenozoospermia, and may contribute to an increased risk of male infertility in Chinese patients.
Spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage in a high myopia patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chai Fang , Zeng Lu , Li Chunhua , Zhao Xiquan
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To report a rare case of spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SSCH) in a high myopia patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and successful treatment.

Methods: We present a case of SSCH that occurred in a 73 woman with high myopia with RRD and discuss the results of a systemic review of the literature published from 1999 to 2017.

Results: Phacoemulsification without intraocular lens implantation and vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection was performed and retinal detachment and choroidal detachment were reattached after oil removed. In the literature review, we found that among a total of 36 patients (37 eyes), acute secondary glaucoma was a complication in 70.3% (26 eyes) of the cases, and over half of the cases (24 eyes, 64.9%) were treated with surgery. Eighteen cases (50%) were characterized by systemic hypertension and 21 cases (58.3%) had abnormal hemostasis. Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) was the most common (12 eyes, 32.4%) ocular disease and was followed by glaucoma (7 cases, 18.9%). Visual acuity was classified as hand motion (HM) or worse in 25 eyes (out of 34 eyes, 73.5%) at initial presentation and in 25 eyes (out of 36 eyes, 69.4%) upon final examination. Nine cases experienced significant visual improvement, including six that underwent vitrectomy.

Conclusion: Advanced age, systemic anticoagulation, and hypertension are strong risk factors. RRD associated with massive SSCH is an extremely rare event. Vitrectomy and choroidal blood drainage can effectively remove suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) and promote retinal reattachment in these eyes. However, the final visual prognosis usually remains poor.
MiR-505 suppressed the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via targeting IGF-1R
Authors: Ren Liang , Yao Yongshan , Wang Yang , Wang Shengqiang
Published: June 2019

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers globally. An increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of human cancers. Here, we showed that miR-505 was down-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Reduced expression of miR-505 was significantly correlated with the worse prognosis of HCC patients. Overexpression of miR-505 suppressed the proliferation, colony formation and induced apoptosis of both HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Further mechanism study uncovered that miR-505 bound the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the insulin growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and inhibited the expression of IGF-1R in HCC cells. The down-regulation of IGF-1R by miR-505 further suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT at the amino acid S473. Consistently, the abundance of glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 (GLUT1) was reduced with the overexpression of miR-505. Down-regulation of GLUT1 by miR-505 consequently attenuated the glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP generation of HCC cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated the tumor suppressive function of miR-505 possibly via inhibiting the glycolysis of HCC cells. These findings suggested miR-505 as an interesting target for designing anti-cancer strategy in HCC.
Können analytische und tiefenpsychologisch fundierte Psychotherapie reliabel voneinander getrennt werden?
Authors: Ratzek Melanie , Huber Dorothea , Klug Günther
Published: June 2019

Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Entwicklung einer Skala zur Einschätzung der Adherence und der Treatment Differentiation von analytischer und tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie (AP und TP). Die Entwicklung der APP Skala durchlief insgesamt 6 Stufen. 9 Trainees wurden einem intensiven Ratertraining unterzogen. Nach Erlangen einer Interraterreliabilität von ICC [2,1]>0,60 wurden 7 der Trainees als Rater für die psychometrische Überprüfung der APP Skala eingesetzt. Die Reliabilität der APP Skala liegt mit ICC [1,1]=0,58 bzw. ICC [1,3]=0,81 (AP Subskala) und mit ICC [1,1]=0,67 bzw. ICC [1,3]=0,86 (TP Subskala) im ausreichenden bis exzellenten Bereich. Die Diskriminationsfähigkeit der APP Skala in Bezug auf audiografierte TP- und AP-Sitzungen ist mit einem großen Effekt von d=1,04 (AP Subskala) und mit einem ebenfalls großen Effekt von d=1,48 (TP Subskala) als gut zu bezeichnen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die konzeptionell nahe beieinanderliegenden psychoanalytischen Verfahren mithilfe der APP Skala von trainierten Psychologiestudierenden und Postgraduierten reliabel voneinander unterscheiden lassen. Ein intensives Ratertraining durch Experten in AP und TP hat sich dafür als unerlässlich erwiesen.
Contemporary Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Literature Review
Authors: Yeo Nikki , Terrett Luke , Gupta Arun K.
Published: June 2019

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) results in significant morbidity and mortality, which leads to additional economic and psychological burden. Atraumatic SAH is normally secondary to a ruptured aneurysm. Diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is usually made by computed tomography (CT) of the head: noncontrast CT identifies the hemorrhage, and CT angiography identifies the aneurysm.

The management of aSAH is focused on securing the aneurysm and prevention of secondary brain injury. Definitive treatment of the aneurysm is done by endovascular coiling or surgical clipping, which should be performed as soon as possible with avoidance of hypertension and strict blood pressure management prior to aneurysm securement. Routine use of nimodipine is recommended by international guidelines as a neuroprotectant. Common neurological complications of aSAH are hydrocephalus, seizures, vasospasm, and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Detection of DCI, especially in patients with poor-grade aSAH, can be challenging. In addition to clinical examination, multiple radiological modalities can be used, with digital subtraction angiography being the gold standard but CT perfusion gaining an increasingly important role. Extracranial complications including cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary edema, and electrolyte abnormalities are common, causing significant morbidity and mortality.

In this review, a PubMed literature search was conducted using the terms “subarachnoid hemorrhage” and “management,” with results limited to past 5 years. Journal articles were hand-selected by the authors based on relevance, and the references were reviewed to identify additional relevant publications. Historically important publications were also included.
Ablation in Primary Liver Tumors
Authors: Putzer D. , Schullian P. , Bale R.
Published: June 2019

Minimal invasive thermal ablation techniques have a key role in the treatment regimen of primary liver tumors. These relatively low-risk procedures are established in nonresectable liver tumors and even challenge the surgical approach, which is regarded as first-line treatment in eligible patients.

The location and size of the liver tumor, the applied ablation, and guidance technique are crucial for treatment outcome. The confirmation of an adequate ablation zone including sufficient tumor overlap and a safety margin (A0 ablation analogous to R0 resection) is crucial to minimize local recurrence rates and improve survival. A variety of different ablation devices is available. The outcome of conventional computed tomography- or ultrasound-guided thermal ablation in small lesions is well comparable to surgery. However, in liver lesions with large diameter overlapping ablation zones are required to ensure an adequate ablation margin. Therefore, stereotactic techniques in combination with a multiple needle approach, three-dimensional trajectory planning, and image fusion for intraoperative treatment evaluation have been successfully introduced.
Numerical study of thermocapillary migration of a bubble in a channel with an obstruction
Authors: Lu Min , Lu Jiacai , Zhang Ying , Tryggvason Grétar
Published: June 2019

Fully resolved numerical simulations are used to examine the thermocapillary motion of a two- and three-dimensional fully deformable bubble in a channel with an obstruction. A front-tracking/finite volume method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the energy conservation equation. The results show that, for a fixed obstruction and channel size, the influence coefficient α, defined as the ratio of arrival time in channels with and without an obstruction, increases with increasing Marangoni (Ma) number for both two- and three-dimensional flows, whereas an increase in the Reynolds (Re) number leads to an increase in the influence coefficient in two-dimensional flows but a decrease in three-dimensional flows. Moreover, a change in the Capillary (Ca) number does not have a visible effect on the thermocapillary motion if the width of the narrow part of the channel is larger than the bubble diameter. Results for both two- and three-dimensional flows show that the influence coefficient increases dramatically with an increase in the obstruction size W, and a larger obstruction makes the dependence of α on the fluid parameters more obvious.
Passive vortical flows enhance mass transport in the interior of a coral colony
Authors: Hossain Md Monir , Staples Anne E.
Published: June 2019

Corals exchange nutrients and dissolved gases with the surrounding environment for metabolic purposes. A recent study demonstrated that corals can actively stir quiescent water columns and produce vortical flows that enhance mass transfer rates by up to 400%. Here, three-dimensional immersed-boundary simulations of the flow through a Pocillopora meandrina colony demonstrate that the passive geometric features of the branching colony produce highly vortical internal flows that enhance mass transfer at the interior of the colony, compensating almost exactly for flows speed reductions there of up to 64% so that the advection time scale remains roughly constant throughout the colony.
Neural network based quasi-diabatic Hamiltonians with symmetry adaptation and a correct description of conical intersections
Authors: Guan Yafu , Guo Hua , Yarkony David R.
Published: June 2019

In a previous paper, we have demonstrated that artificial neural networks (NNs) can be used to generate quasidiabatic Hamiltonians (Hd) that are capable of representing adiabatic energies, energy gradients, and derivative couplings. In this work, two additional issues are addressed. First, symmetry-adapted functions such as permutation invariant polynomials are introduced to account for complete nuclear permutation inversion symmetry. Second, a partially diagonalized representation is introduced to facilitate a better description of near degeneracy points. The diabatization of 1, 21A states of NH3 is used as an example. The NN fitting results are compared to that of a previous fitting with symmetry adapted polynomials.
Solubility of Cellulose in Binary Mixtures of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate and Dimethyl Sulfoxide: Influence of Alkyl Chain Length in the Cation
Authors: Tomimatsu Yuta , Yoshimura Yukihiro , Shimizu Akio
Published: June 2019

The influence of alkyl chain length of cations on cellulose solubility in a neat imidazolium (MIM)-based ionic liquid (IL) [CnMIM][OAc] and [CnMIM][OAc]–DMSO binary system (n=0–6) was investigated. The correlation between cellulose solubility and Kamlet–Taft hydrogen bond basicity (β) was also examined. Cellulose solubility (g per mol IL) in neat [CnMIM][OAc] increased as the cation alkyl chain length decreased from 6 to 2. However, alkyl chain lengths of 1 and 0 resulted in extremely poor cellulose solubility, indicating that a chain length of 2 was optimal for dissolution of cellulose in the system. Cellulose solubility in the [CnMIM][OAc]–DMSO binary system (n=1–6) was greater than that in neat IL, with maximum solubility occurring at an IL mole fraction of ~0.2. Maximum cellulose solubility in the [CnMIM][OAc]–DMSO binary system was slightly better at even alkyl chain lengths (n=2, 4, or 6) than at odd chain lengths (n=1, 3, or 5), with the best solubility at n=4. More interestingly, maximum cellulose solubility and specific IL mole fraction in the IL-DMSO binary system were related with the β values of neat ILs, even with ILs containing different anionic species or cation alkyl chain lengths. This indicates that solubility information in IL-DMSO binary systems is influenced by the characteristics of neat ILs.
Lagi in Standard Malaysian Malay
Authors: Chung Siaw-Fong
Published: June 2019

Lagi, a less studied Malay adverb, has meanings such as ‘in addition’, ‘again’, ‘more’, and
‘yet/still’. We aimed to see how these meanings could be related in a single word and to find the conceptualization and
grammatical paths involved. We also intended to find out whether this word carries any underlying meanings not specified in
dictionaries. In the corpus, although many examples have lagi in the sentence-final position, some unconventional
sentence-initial uses were also found in news headlines. We found that lagi serves a special function in news
headlines, emphasizing the repeatedness of events that were often negative or undesirable. The seemingly unrelated meanings of
lagi can be categorized based on three meaning concepts – addition/more meaning, less-more
continuum, and temporal
lagi (‘yet/still’, ‘again’). In addition to these concepts, we also found several possible grammaticalization paths
that contribute to the different uses of lagi.
A comparative study of NaI(Tl), CeBr3, and CZT for use in a real-time simultaneous nuclear and fluoroscopic dual-layer detector
Authors: Koppert Wilco J C , Dietze Martijn M A , van der Velden Sandra , Steenbergen J H Leo , de Jong Hugo W A M
Published: June 2019

Simultaneous acquisition of nuclear and fluoroscopic projections could be of benefit for image-guided radionuclide administration. A gamma camera positioned behind an x-ray flat panel detector can accomplish such simultaneous acquisition, but the gamma camera performance suffers from the intense x-ray dose. A regular NaI(Tl)-based camera has nominal performance up to 0.02 nGy dose per pulse, whereas 10 nGy dose is expected for our foreseen applications. We evaluated the performance of CeBr3- and CZT-based detectors and investigated a cost-effective improvement of a regular NaI(Tl)-based camera by the introduction of a high-pass filter and shorting circuit.

A CeBr3-based detector was exposed to 5 mGy x-ray dose and the resulting light emission was measured over time to quantify the crystal afterglow, allowing comparison with a previously measured NaI(Tl)-based detector. The NaI(Tl)-, CeBr3- and CZT-based detectors were exposed to x-ray pulse sequences with dose from 0.06 to 60 nGy, while being irradiated with a gamma source. The mean gamma energy and energy resolution in between the x-ray pulses were measured as a reference of the detector performance.

The afterglow signal after 3 ms was 14.1% for the NaI(Tl)-based detector, whereas for the CeBr3-based detector it was only 0.1%. The limits for a proper functioning detectors are 0.32 nGy for the NaI(Tl)-based detector with high-pass filter and shorting circuit and 18.94 nGy for the one with CeBr3. No energy degradation was observed for the CZT module in the studied dose range.

The performance of regular NaI(Tl)-based gamma cameras deteriorates when exposed to high x-ray doses. CeBr3 and CZT are much better suited for introduction into a dual-layer detector but have high associated costs. Addition of a high-pass filter and shorting circuit into the PMT of a NaI(Tl)-based detector is a cost-effective solution that works well for low dose levels.
E-Nose Sensor Array Optimization Based on Volatile Compound Concentration Data
Authors: Subandri Muhammad Asep , Sarno Riyanarto
Published: June 2019

Currently, most e-nose studies are for lab-based applications, the e-nose does not provide access from other places. To be able to implement the internet of things (IoT) technology that is gaining momentum, the e-nose device must be efficient. This study proposes a sensor array optimization technique. If in previous studies using electrical signal data, our study used volatile organic compounds concentration data to minimize the use of sensors. From 10 initial sensors used in the e-nose prototype, only 4 sensors remained. The experimental results showed that by using the KNN algorithm, these 4 sensors were able to predict banana samples with an 80% accuracy rate. When applied to the final e-nose product, the prediction accuracy was 78%.
Estimated Vehicle Density Based on Video Processing Using the Gaussian Mixture Model Method
Authors: Putri A A , Achmad A , Suwadi
Published: June 2019

Congestion is a problem that cannot be decomposed properly, especially at big cities in Indonesia, one of them is in Surabaya. To solve this problem is needed to observe characteristics of the road such as the number of vehicles, vehicle speed and vehicle density. This research took the data in several areas in Surabaya by put the camera in the middle of a crossing bridge. This research aims to determine the density value by comparing traffic volume with vehicle speed. The value of speed and number of vehicles can be known using Gaussian Mixture Model method, where object detection is detected by background substraction process, which is video divided into several frames and in each frame images is divided into two part there are foreground and background. The object will be count 1 when blob analysis detect the foreground. In the theory to know the density value of a traffic flow, with compare the number of vehicles and the speed of vehicle. From the data has been taken, it is known that the number of vehicles is opposite with average speed the vehicle that passes. If average velocity of vehicle greater than the number of vehicle so the value density vehicle getting smaller . so that information can be found that the road is experiencing congestion conditions.
Customer Critique Analysis System for PT. KCI’s Twitter
Authors: Husen Ahmad , Sihwi Sari Widya , Suryani Esti
Published: June 2019

Commuter Line is one of the main choices for users of public transport in Jakarta. Commuter Line in Indonesia is managed by PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia (PT. KCI). PT. KCI has an official Twitter account @CommuterLine. The purpose of this research was built Customer Critique Analysis System for Twitter PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The software engineering method used in this research is Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE). Applications built in this research uses some components/libraries, which are Tweetsharp, LibSVM, Metronic, Kendo UI and JQCloud. The results of this research is a useful analytics application to perform grabbing and tweet data analysis from Twitter account @CommuterLine, and a dashboard to display the results of the analysis in graphical form. The test results show that the system meets the functional and nonfunctional requirements from the user. Testing is done by installing the application on the server PT. KCI, then it was tested by user.. Non-functional testing was done by measuring application performance and usability. Performance measured is classification accuracy and running time of the program. Accuracy performance testing resulted in average sentence classification accuracy of 80.4%, and the accuracy of complaint classification type of 82.3%. The average running time is 3 minutes 25 seconds.
A Literature Review − Firm Investment on Cloud as Efficient & Effective Technology
Authors: Raditya Martha Gede Indra , Subriadi Apol Pribadi
Published: June 2019

The improvement of cloud computing is progressing very quickly can be measured by the elements that can already be handled by this technology trends. Cloud improvement makes the working capability of everyone who uses it increases because the cloud negates the hardware requirements that a user must have to perform a certain task. Tasks that have high hardware requirements for high processing activity that consume large investment cost can be minimized significantly from infrastructure, maintenance, upgradeability, and electricity cost. It shows that cloud computing has excellent investment relevance for companies and work elements that require high processing capabilities, in addition to cloud computing are also eco-friendly/green computing environment-friendly technology that can add value from cloud technology itself, for users/companies and the environment. However, the flow of cloud-focused research lacks a clear roadmap or agenda due to the rapid development of cloud technology. Therefore, this article analyzes and synthesizes existing studies on cloud-computing. The results of this study/paper are to provide an opportunity for development and further research in the field of use of cloud computing as an efficient & effective technology investment in a firm.
Carbon Monoxide Sensor Based on Non-Dispersive Infrared Principle
Authors: Diharja Reza , Rivai Muhammad , Mujiono Totok , Pirngadi Harris
Published: June 2019

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the toxic air pollution produced in incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels. At a certain threshold of concentration, this gas can harm the environments and affect the human health. Unfortunately, it cannot be detected by humans. In this study, CO gas detection has been designed and constructed using the principle of Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR). An incandescent light bulb is used to provide infrared source. An optical filter based on interferometry with a bandpass of about 4.63 μm is used to pass the light which corresponds to the CO gas absorption. The TPS 334 thermopile sensor is used to measure light intensity after gas absorption. The built-in RTD in the thermopile is involved to compensate the results of the gas concentration measurement. The experimental result shows that this NDIR sensor can measure CO gas concentration with a sensitivity of about 7 mV / ppm.
Improving Internal BGP Provide Fast Failover in Multihoming Environment Mobile Backhaul
Authors: Usino Wendi , Damanik Hillman Akhyar , Anggraeni Merry
Published: June 2019

Integrating multipath technology with inter-domain routing is one of the most promising trends in building a package routing policy system for the next generation. However, gradually changing the current inter-domain routing from a single path to multipath failover routing is a difficult problem. In the previous study, the application of the BGP algorithm was applied only to connections on external BGP techniques or between AS numbers. In this paper, we study the impact of implementing traffic routing policies on backhaul carrier Ethernet (Metro-E). Implementing iBGP as a medium on Metro-E for failover technology. The purpose of this paper is to propose and implement routing policies including policy expressions, firewall filters, route preferences, policy chain and policy statements in failover links in IGPs on routing deployment policies, using the Juniper Router Operating System. The results of this application show that periodically the intervals in the graph clearly show a direct correlation between the average failover time. When the main link fails, the link will be connected or active, secondary links and tertiary links will be created. Likewise, switching paths from secondary links to tertiary links, and so on will choose random (round robin). So that during the transfer process does not require time, it can be interpreted as 0 seconds, or not packet loss. So if the average failover response for direct implementation requires only 0-1 seconds.
A Prototype Implementation of Visible Light Communication Based Electrocardiography Data Transmission
Authors: Hadiyoso Sugondo , Wijayanto Inung , Fauziah Dila
Published: June 2019

VLC-based data transfer technology is one of the concepts of energy efficiency by utilizing existing light sources as media transfers. VLC is proposed to be part of the 5G technology so that its development and application is predicted to be very wide. The application of VLC is one of them in medical instrumentation. In this research, we proposed the prototype of VLC as an electrocardiograph (ECG) signal transfer media. This system consists of a transmitter and receiver using half-duplex mode. Transmitters use LEDs as light sources arranged in arrays and equipped with P-N-P type transistors as LED drivers. The receiver uses a light sensor in the form of a phototransistor. We carry out transmission testing in rooms with several lighting levels (0, 15, 30, 100, and 200 lux). From the test results, analog ECG signals able to sent with a maximum transmission distance of 450 cm.