bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Urban Care Sector in Women’s Employment and Gender Segregation in Colombian Regions
Authors: Herrera Paula , Hernández Helena María , Jaimes Martha Susana
Published: October 2024

The provision of care services can reduce gender labor gaps. As care-related economic activities are highly feminized, strengthening care services can increase women's share of total employment. Care services can also reduce the unpaid care burden and promote women's employment in other sectors, which could change sectoral gender segregation. We explore these relationships for Colombia through a regional urban analysis. We classify cities into three regions using their level of competitiveness as a broad measure of labor market dynamics. Using a ﬁxed eﬀects model, our results show that an increase in the importance of the care sector boosts women's labor force participation and sectoral segregation; however, we emphasize the importance of urban and regional contexts in determining the role of care provision on gender equality.
Evaluation of organizational commitment of military aviation pilots: the case of the Lithuanian Air Force
Authors: Lobanova Liudmila , Židonis Mindaugas
Published: October 2024

Commitment to the organization has a significant connection with operational productivity, turnover, employee satisfaction and loyalty, affects the quality and efficiency of work, facilitates staffing challenges, enables the organization to properly and efficiently use its human resources. Aviation professionals often change organizations in the hope of better working conditions: better pay, a safer work environment and a more favorable working climate in the workplace. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the organizational commitment of aviation personnel in order to maintain qualified employees and specialists and ensure the successful operation of the organization. In the face of new threats and tasks set for the Lithuanian Air Force (LAF), more funding is allocated for their implementation, and the number and the need for personnel is growing. The aim of the article is to study the expression of pilots‘ organizational commitment in LAF and the factors that determine it, using Meyer‘s and Allen (1991) three­dimensional model of organizational commitment. After conducting the research, it was found that the expression of organizational commitment of LAF pilots is low, emotional commitment is slightly higher, while continuous commitment is low. A negative relationship between holding civilian commercial pilot‘s license and organizational commitment was discovered.
Metal-based organic complexes with anticancer activity
Authors: Ivanova Stefka
Published: October 2024

The discovery of the mechanism of action and the main structure-activity dependencies of platinum complexes create opportunities for rational synthesis of new metal-based organic complexes as potential antitumor drugs with reduced resistance and toxicity and / or a wider spectrum of antitumor activity. In the field of targeted synthesis of antitumor complexes has been working hard for 40 years. Initial research focused on obtaining complexes with a structure similar to cisplatin, and later on the search for new “non-classical” antitumor complexes. Selection of a suitable ligand system, ensuring effective accumulation in the antitumor tissue, replacement of platinum with other metals of the platinum groupg – ruthenium and palladium or metals with similar properties, such as gold, changing the degree of oxidation of the metal ion with for the purpose of kinetic and thermodynamic control over the binding of the metal complex to DNA bases.
Caribbean Amphipoda (Crustacea) of Panama. Part III: parvorder Lysianassidira
Authors: White Kristine N.
Published: October 2024

Amphipods in the parvorder Lysianassidira are scavengers, often collected in sediment, coral rubble, algae, or among other invertebrates. Members of the parvorder have a head that is deeper than long, large coxae, lacinia mobilis present only on the left molar, and a mitten-shaped gnathopod 2 propodus with a long ischium. Nine species from two families within the parvorder are documented from Bocas del Toro, Panama. This research documents range extensions for eight species and an identification key to the species of Caribbean Lysianassidira of Panama is provided.
Unmet Needs in Spondyloarthritis: Imaging in Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Gensler Lianne S. , Jans Lennart , Majumdar Sharmila , Poddubnyy Denis
Published: October 2024

Imaging biomarkers in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are currently the most specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of this condition. Despite advances in imaging, from plain radiographs—which detect only damage—to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—which identifies disease activity and structural change—there are still many challenges that remain. Imaging in sacroiliitis is characterized by active and structural changes. Current classification criteria stress the importance of bone marrow edema (BME); however, BME can occur in various diseases, mechanical conditions, and healthy individuals. Thus, the identification of structural lesions such as erosion, subchondral fat, backfill, and ankylosis is important to distinguish from mimics on differential diagnosis. Various imaging modalities are available to examine structural lesions, but computed tomography (CT) is considered the current reference standard. Nonetheless, recent advances in MRI allow for direct bone imaging and the reconstruction of CT-like images that can provide similar information. Therefore, the ability of MRI to detect and measure structural lesions is strengthened. Here, we present an overview of the spectrum of current and cutting-edge techniques for SpA imaging in clinical practice; namely, we discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and usefulness of imaging in SpA through radiography, low-dose and dual-energy CT, and MRI. Cutting-edge MRI sequences including volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination, ultrashort echo time, zero echo time, and deep learning–based synthetic CT that creates CT-like images without ionizing radiation, are discussed. Imaging techniques allow for quantification of inflammatory and structural lesions, which is important in the assessment of treatment response and disease progression. Radiographic damage is poorly sensitive to change. Artificial intelligence has already revolutionized radiology practice, including protocolization, image quality, and image interpretation.
Kidney replacement therapy trends in end-stage kidney disease patients in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kim Ah-Young , Lee Min-Jeong , Choi Heejung , Lee Hankil , Park Inwhee
Published: October 2024

Background/Aims: The corona virus disease 2019 posed a major risk for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) cases. Our study aimed to assess changes in kidney replacement therapy (KRT) trends and healthcare access for these patients during the pandemic.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed nationwide data from July 2017 to June 2022 to assess changes in KRT and ESKD incidence. KRT modalities included peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD), and kidney transplantation (KT). We utilized the interrupted time series (ITS) method to compare changes in KRT modality before and after the incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: ESKD incidence remained stable from 2018 to April 2022. The ITS analysis confirmed that the pandemic did not significant impact overall KRT incidence. PD cases decreased (5.7% to 1.3%), while HD cases increased (81.6% to 85%), and KT recipient remained relatively stable (12.7% to 17.3%). The hospitalization and hospital stay decreased in nursing hospital (165.01 days to 147.77 days) and general hospital (61.34 days to 55.58 days) during the pandemic, however, remained unchanged for PD and KT.Conclusions: Our findings indicate no significant changes in ESKD incidence in South Korea during the pandemic. However, there were shifts in modality distribution, with decreased PD and increased HD cases. Notably, HD cases showed a significant reduction in hospital admissions and length of stay. The healthcare system demonstrated stability during the pandemic, with minimal disruptions in ESKD care.
Assessing factors influencing green hydrogen conversion at Vietnam's gas turbine power plants using combined SWOT-AHP analysis method
Authors: Ngoc Duong Doan , Trung Kien Duong , Minh Phap Vu , Van Thao Nguyen
Published: October 2024

At COP26, Vietnam committed to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Up to now, several strategic policies and master plans concerning energy and power development along with emission reduction have been introduced. The national power development plan for the 2021–2030 vision to 2050 (PDP8) has directed for gas-to-hydrogen fuel conversion at gas turbine power sources in the national power system when the technology is commercialized and the cost is appropriate. Therefore, gas turbine power plants (GTPPs) with a total capacity of approximately 32.4 GW by 2050, using domestic natural gas and imported liquefied natural gas (LNG), will be expected to switch to using green hydrogen (GH2) to cut greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. This study uses the SWOT analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to quantitatively analyze and examine the factors influencing the perspective of GH2 conversion at CTPPs in Vietnam. Research results show that among the four groups of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats being examined, the most influencing one is Weaknesses with the highest weight of 0.381, followed by Threats (0.343), suggesting that the GH2 conversion ambition will be facing significant challenges and difficulties. At the level of element factors in the groups, the lack of infrastructure and insufficient legal framework/specific incentive mechanisms are the biggest weaknesses, with weights of 0.362 and 0.326, respectively, while the consistent policies of the state and abundant potential of renewable energy resources, weighing 0.446 and 0.235, respectively, are Vietnam's prominent strengths. Additionally, remarkable opportunities include the effective exploitation of available renewable energy resources (0.338) and great contribution to reducing emissions (0.288), while the main challenges remain the lack of capital (0.471) and high GH2 cost (0.284). The research results clarify the typical problems of a developing country like Vietnam in the global energy transition trend toward carbon neutrality: high potential of renewable energy sources, great political determination, and ambitious goals for green growth, but significant difficulties and challenges due to the low starting point and limited technological and financial resources while energy demand is constantly increasing. Thus, some strategic solutions are proposed, including taking advantage of internal strengths to avoid/limit external threats, making the most of strengths to exploit opportunities, and minimizing weaknesses to take advantage of opportunities and to limit the threats.
Exploring the therapeutic potential of tDCS, TMS and DBS in overcoming tobacco use disorder: an umbrella review
Authors: Orrù Graziella , Baroni Marina , Conversano Ciro , Gemignani Angelo
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of neuromodulation techniques, including transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and deep brain stimulation, on the treatments of nicotine dependence. Specifically, our objective was to assess the existing evidence by conducting an umbrella review of systematic reviews. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the standardized tools designed to evaluate systematic reviews. The PubMed/MEDLINE database was queried for systematic reviews, and yielded 7 systematic reviews with a substantial sample size (N = 4,252), some of which included meta-analyses. A significant finding across these studies was the effectiveness of neuromodulation techniques to reduce nicotine cravings and consumption, through the evidence remains not yet conclusive. A significant efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation that targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was found, as well as the lateral prefrontal cortex and insula bilaterally, on smoking frequency and craving. Moreover, smoking behaviors may also be positively affected by the use of deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the nucleus accumbens. In conclusion, neuromodulation approaches hold promise as effective treatments for tobacco use disorder. Nonetheless, further research is required to comprehensively understand their effectiveness and to determine if combining them with other treatments can aid individuals to successfully quit smoking.
“Superstition ain’t the way”. The Optimism of the Conspiracy Theorist
Authors: Mazzeo Marco , Bertollini Adriano
Published: October 2024

This article addresses the topic of conspiracy theories from a rhetorical and philosophical perspective through a recent case study: the Netflix docuseries The Ancient Apocalypse by Graham Hancock1. In this TV series, the host – the author – hypothesizes a conspiracy by academic archaeology, which does not accept the idea of the existence of a highly technically developed ancient civilization that disappeared before the last ice age. The reason for this resistance on the part of archaeologists would be their desire to maintain a position of power and prestige that they would have to give up if they accepted a paradigm shift. We will use Hancock’s speeches as a textual corpus to be analyzed from a rhetorical point of view, and we will follow the philosophical hypothesis that conspiracy theories should be understood through the phenomenon of superstition (which is different from magic, § 1). We devote a paragraph to each technical proof used to achieve persuasion. First, éthos (§ 2), which focuses on the construction of the speaker as an outsider, credible because he is inconvenient. We then analyze the logos (§ 3), characterized by fallacies, ambivalent logic, and the mythological narrative as historical evidence. Finally (§ 4), we focus on pathos, which exhibits a form of detachment and a disposition to inaction.
Conspiracy or Incompetence? The Resolution of Inconsistencies in Discourses about Covid-19
Authors: Robineau Théophile
Published: October 2024

This article shows that analyzing how incoherence is resolved in discourse makes it possible to identify clues revealing the “conspiracy” nature of a specific discourse and to distinguish it from a “non-conspiracy” one. It examines some of the main defining features of “conspiracism” in the scientific literature and, based on the analysis of three case studies drawn from interviews with people opposed to the French health policy during the Covid-19 crisis, shows how these features can be echoed in certain forms of resolution of incoherence in discourse. The study reveals that some elements of conspiracy rhetoric can function more as an occasional, or even opportunistic, strategy, than a total and systematic worldview.
Critical Thinking and Conspiracy Theories. Towards Rhetorical Virtues
Authors: Sevestre-Giraud Benjamin
Published: October 2024

The rhetorical model that has emerged in recent years calls for a diversification of pedagogical responses to critical thinking and, particularly, to the pedagogical treatment of conspiracy theories. Rhetoric is often defined, by the rhetoricians themselves, as a neutral art of persuasive discourse, sensitive to standards of effectiveness, but independent of truth and morality. However, the sole aim of rhetoric is not to train “skillful persuaders”, without any other consideration, since at the same time it presents itself as a broader education in democratic citizenship. These orators, trained by the rhetorical technique, are never defined, however, insofar as contemporary rhetoricians have gradually abandoned the normative reflection on (good) orators that was once conducted in the rhetorical tradition. Yet conspiratorial discourse, more vividly than other pedagogical objects, implies, by its very designation, norms, and values that isolate it from other categories of discourse deemed more acceptable or less dangerous to democratic life. Faced with this observation, this article proposes a reconceptualization of rhetoric that makes explicit the normative dimension of its educational project. Defined as a discipline – and no longer as a neutral technique – the aim of rhetoric today is to train (good) orators who possess the dispositions to act (well), speak (well) and think (well) in the context of contemporary pluralist democracy and its values. These dispositions could be called, in the vocabulary of virtue ethics, “rhetorical virtues” or “speaker virtues”.
Notes sur le modèle occidental de l’argumentation au prisme de l’argumentation chinoise
Authors: Plantin Christian
Published: October 2024

Cet article reprend une interrogation sur le modèle occidental « confrontationnel » de l’argumentation, discours / contre-discours, et sur une alternative possible au modèle toulminien, au prisme de réflexions s’inspirant de l’argumentation chinoise. Il s’appuie sur un choix d’extraits de textes classiques chinois traduits. Les passages exploités vont de Confucius (6e siècle AEC) au 1er siècle AEC. Les conditions du travail sur des traductions sont précisées à propos de l’analogie. Une argumentation fondée sur un jeu de mots homonymes (et considérée comme invalide par le traducteur) relève du vaste domaine des argumentations reposant purement sur des manœuvres langagières. On trouve également de nombreux cas illustrant le rôle fondamental de la contradiction et de la réfutation ad hominem, sources possibles d’une situation argumentative. La tradition occidentale a produit de nombreux systèmes de « règles pour une controverse honorable » ; nous avons rencontré un ensemble de règles sur une question proche, mais différente : les précautions à prendre lors du choix d’un partenaire de discussion. Le § 4 est consacré à ce qui semble être une caractéristique générale de la période envisagée (Graham 1989), qui produit des argumentations sophistiquées, sans les référer à une théorie de l’argumentation, mais à la notion de rituel. En fin de parcours, il est apparu que le style analytique occidental est robuste et permet de rendre compte de faits constants dans d’autres cultures. Peut-être les différences sont-elles à chercher ailleurs et autrement ?
Rhetorical Strategies of Counteracting Conspiracy-based Dissent on COVID-19 Vaccines: the #ThinkBeforeSharing Institutional Campaign
Authors: Martina Zagarella Roberta , Annoni Marco
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to explore how institutions may counteract conspiracy theories using appropriate discursive resources. We use a rhetorical approach to analyze the first European information campaign launched in 2020 to counteract conspiracy theories about COVID-19 vaccines. On this basis, we advance a series of practical recommendations for institutions to counteract conspiracy theories through information campaigns.
L’œil expert
Authors: Castiglione Julia
Published: October 2024

Juger les tableaux – évaluer leur qualité, estimer leur prix – relève de nos jours d’une expertise spécifique, aux mains d’acteurs vers lesquels se tournent les salles de ventes, les musées ou les propriétaires de collections. Mais cela n’a pas toujours été le cas. À Rome, au XVIIe siècle, cette compétence fait en effet l’objet d'une farouche concurrence entre différents groupes qui s’affrontent notamment en vue d’accéder au statut de conseiller à la cour des grands collectionneurs. Alors qu’émerge progressivement un marché des tableaux et que la circulation des œuvres s’amplifie, savoir estimer leur valeur devient une qualité essentielle. Si l’évaluation du prix est traditionnellement un rôle dévolu aux peintres, qui s’estiment les uns les autres au sein de leur corporation, l’émergence de critères commerciaux nouveaux tend à saper l’autorité de la profession en matière de jugement.Cet ouvrage s’intéresse au processus de captation de cette expertise, qui se détache du savoir-faire des peintres au profit de courtisans spécialisés dans le conseil en matière de peinture. À la croisée de l’histoire, de l’histoire de l’art et de la littérature, il vient analyser, à travers l’exemple romain, la manière dont le jugement artistique s’est formalisé dans l’histoire en s'éloignant de la pratique pour reconfigurer les critères de valeur et d’appréciation des œuvres d’art.
The EU ETS and the European Green Deal – the Struggle for Compromise
Authors: Bryk-Zwolska Małgorzata
Published: October 2024

The European Union’s (EU) greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme (ETS) is the ‘cornerstone’ and ‘key tool’ of EU climate policy, according to the European Commission (https://climate.ec.europa.eu/policies/ets_en). At the end of 2020, the European Council agreed with the European Commission’s plan to increase the EU’s reduction target from 40 to 55 per cent, and emissions trading is expected to lower the contracting associated with meeting this reduction target. This article points to the dynamic nature of carbon markets and their ever-evolving legal nature, analysing how the original EU ETS Directive – Directive 2003/87 – has been revised over the years. The original EU ETS Directive is short, and it is worth considering the reason for this. The author demonstrates the implementation problems faced by this instrument through years of existence. The EU ETS encounters three key regulatory trade-offs, i.e.: climate ambition vs. international competitiveness; structural reform vs. cost-effectiveness; maintaining legislative simplicity vs. achieving multiple objectives. Therefore, in the closing part of the text, the author will reflect on the future (r)evolution of the carbon regime envisaged in the European Green Deal.
Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health and Economic Consequences of Climate-Related Mental Health Issues
Authors: Kanwal Preet , Mittal Shashank , Wijethilaka Hewawasam P. G. D.
Published: October 2024

Climate change poses significant challenges to mental health, impacting individuals and communities through extreme weather events, gradual environmental changes, and socio-economic disruptions. This chapter explores the complex relationship between climate change and mental health, highlighting direct and indirect pathways through which environmental factors exacerbate psychological distress. Case studies from various regions illustrate the widespread nature of these impacts, including increased rates of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. The chapter discusses practical, managerial, ethical, and societal implications, emphasizing the need for integrated strategies that include mental health services in disaster response and climate adaptation efforts. Future directions involve addressing research gaps, leveraging technological innovations, and fostering cross-sector collaboration. By understanding and addressing these mental health impacts, we can enhance resilience and support affected communities in the face of climate change.
Impacts of Climate Change on the Tourism Sector
Authors: Aydin Fatma Fehime , Levent Cemalettin
Published: October 2024

Climate change, one of the most prominent problems all over the world in recent years, has significant impacts on many sectors as well as being an environmental problem. The tourism sector is one of the sectors most affected by climate change. The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of climate change on tourism in selected countries of the world using panel data analysis based on the data set for the period 2004-2019. Based on the findings of this study, countries should adopt practices that will encourage tourist inflow to the country to increase tourism revenues, but at the same time, they should bring environmentally sensitive practices to the agenda so that both future generations and current generations can live in healthier environments.
Exploring Trends, Perspectives, and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Sustainable Mobility
Authors: Elbroumi Soufiane , Idrissi Maha Assaad , Chaaouan Mohammed , Eddahmouny Hicham
Published: October 2024

This systematic review examines the expanding role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in sustainable mobility, analyzing literature from Web of Science and Scopus databases published between 2019 and 2024. The review identifies key trends in integrating AI into transportation systems, focusing on sustainability, smart solutions, and the development of smart cities. Efforts to enhance eco-friendly and energy-efficient mobility solutions are highlighted, reflecting the critical role of AI in reducing environmental impacts while maintaining high levels of accessibility and convenience. Adopting smart solutions, including AI-driven traffic management and autonomous vehicles, demonstrates how cutting-edge technologies optimize urban mobility and improve safety. The concept of smart cities is further explored, showcasing how AI and data integration are transforming urban areas into hubs of technological innovation and sustainability. Additionally, the review underscores the importance of data-driven approaches, particularly in Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and multimodality, where AI enables seamless integration of various transportation modes. Despite the significant advancements, the review also addresses challenges such as data security, privacy, and ethical considerations, emphasizing the need for robust regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe and equitable deployment of AI in mobility. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of AI to revolutionize sustainable mobility and highlights areas for future research and development.
The Green City
Authors: Satpathy Ipseeta , Nayak Ankita , Jain Vishal
Published: October 2024

The increasing global awareness of the need for sustainable urbanization is driving the integration of green artificial intelligence (Green AI) in urban planning and management. AI applications include intelligent automation in energy management, intelligent transport systems, improved infrastructure strength and durability, and enhanced individual safety and security through AI surveillance and predictive policing systems. Case studies from Amsterdam, Singapore, and New York demonstrate how AI solutions are changing productivity, energy consumption, emissions, safety, and the environment. AI also improves infrastructure construction, traffic congestion, and public safety by evaluating sensor data and notifying undesired events. Big cities like London and New York are implementing AI in their public safety initiatives. AI applications are essential for enhancing resilience, energy efficiency, public safety, and environmental monitoring, as well as green urban planning and management.
Perceptions of the MDT towards the health needs and support for grandparents caring for AIDS orphans
Authors: Akimanimpaye Furaha , Bimerew Million S. , Owoeye Isaiah D. , Phetlhu Deliwe R.
Published: October 2024

Background: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) crisis has orphaned many children, shifting care giving duties to grandparents. This has challenged the health of the grandparents, underscoring the need for support in caring for both the grandparents and the children orphaned due to AIDS.Aim: This study investigated the multidisciplinary team’s (MDT) perceptions of health needs and support for grandparents caring for children orphaned due to AIDS.Setting: The study took place within Metropolitan area in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was used to assess health needs and support for grandparents caring for children orphaned due of AIDS. A sample of 65 MDT members comprising professional nurses, psychologists and social workers participated in the study.Results: The assessment revealed moderate awareness (mean 2.79) among MDT regarding the health needs of grandparents caring for the orphans. Key concerns were a lack of income (mean = 4.9) and no access to health services (mean = 4.8), with low awareness and involvement in organisational support (mean = 1.8).Conclusion: Despite an awareness of the health needs and support perceptions among grandparents, there remains a significant gap in the availability of support structures to address these needs. The study highlights the critical necessity for developing robust support systems to enhance the well-being of grandparents, especially those caring for AIDS orphans, ensuring they receive the comprehensive care and assistance required.Contribution: The study’s findings provide key insights for supporting grandparents who are caring for AIDS orphans via a MDT approach.
Tao is hidden and nameless: Exploring the mysticism path of Laozi and Zhuangzi
Authors: Sun Yue , Chen Yuehua
Published: October 2024

The contemporary interpretation of Lao-Zhuang’s thought reveals a multidimensional dialogue between tradition and modernity, the local and the exotic, and East and West. The interaction between Lao-Zhuang’s thoughts and Western religious philosophy can be explored through the lens of mysticism. By examining the non-material nature of the Tao, the transcendence of language, and the cultivation goal of the unity of nature and humanity, we can discern the relationship between the cultivation practices in Lao-Zhuang’s thought and religious mysticism. The chaos, uncertainty, infinity and nothingness associated with the non-physical Tao present a subtle and mysterious depiction of nature. The silence of the perfect man, who sees things in terms of the Tao, along with their conversion to the Tao, steadfastness to the Tao, flexibility in treating things according to the Tao and freedom to be one with the Tao, provides an ethical realm of inner cultivation. Through the dialogue between Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy and Western religion, we can uncover the commonalities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures, as well as the significant value of Lao-Zhuang’s thought in contemporary cultural and philosophical discussions.Contribution: This article examines the relationship between cultivation practice in Lao-Zhuang’s thought and religious mysticism from the perspective of cross-cultural research. By discussing the immateriality and infinity of ‘Tao,’ as well as the relationship between Tao and name, speech and debate, it presents the mystery of Tao. Through the non-cognitive practice mode of real people, they experience ‘Tao’ and achieve the realm of ‘Harmony between nature and man,’ demonstrating the mystery of cultivation efforts.
The moral determinants of health in South Africa: Diversity and inclusion in medicine
Authors: Kubheka-Chauke Brenda Z.
Published: October 2024

Background: Diversity, inclusion, equity and access (DIEA) are fundamental principles deeply intertwined with South Africa’s historical narrative. Despite strides towards equality, the medical profession remains susceptible to challenges related to DIEA like the rest of society. Issues such as racial and gender bias, alongside covert discriminatory practices, persist within medical institutions. These concerns underscore the imperative for the medical community to prioritise diversity, inclusion and equitable access to opportunities throughout training and professional practice.Aim: This review aims to assess the current status of DIEA in South Africa, identify research and practice gaps and position South Africa within the global discourse on DIEA in medicine.Setting: Worldwide literature review was conducted to set a foundation for the analysis of the SA medical profession.Methods: A review of global literature was conducted to explore themes related to diversity, inclusion, access and equity in medicine.Results: Existing literature lacks sufficient focus on DIEA in the South African context, but highlights more United States-based discourse. There are limited empirical studies exploring systemic DIEA practices and its impact on access to opportunities and how it affects the well-being of underrepresented groups in medicine. These findings underscore the critical need for inclusive practices to drive both individuals and institutions to create a safe and just culture in medicine.Conclusion: Prioritising implementation and monitoring of inclusive policies and practices within the medical profession is imperative and should aim beyond numerical representation. Progress will be achieved through collaboration with bioethicists.Contribution: Providing insights and recommendations to advance DIEA in the South African field of medicine contributes to creating a more equitable and just medical profession
An extremal problem for positive definite functions with support in a ball
Authors: Manov Anatoliy Dmitrievich
Published: October 2024

The extremal problem under consideration is related to the set of continuous positive definite functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with support in a closed ball of radius $r>0$ and fixed value at the origin (the class $\mathfrak{F}_r(\mathbb{R}^n)$).
Given $r>0$, the problem consists in finding the supremum on $\mathfrak{F}_r(\mathbb{R}^n)$ of a functional of a special form.
A general solution to this problem is obtained for $n\neq2$. As a consequence, new sharp inequalities are obtained for derivatives of entire functions of exponential spherical type $\leqslant r$.
Bibliography: 24 titles.
Polynomial rigidity and the spectra of Sidon automorphisms
Authors: Ryzhikov Valerii Valentinovich
Published: October 2024

Continuum many spectrally disjoint Sidon automorphisms with tensor square isomorphic to a planar translation are produced. Their spectra do not have the group property. To show that their spectra are singular the polynomial rigidity of operators is used, which is related to the concept of linear determinism in the sense of Kolmogorov. In the class of mixing Gaussian and Poisson suspensions over Sidon automorphisms new sets of spectral multiplicities are realized.
Bibliography: 12 titles.
The concepts of ‘educational process’ and ‘educated person’ from the philosophical perspective of Richard Stanley Peters: Critical review
Authors: Worku Mulugeta Yayeh
Published: October 2024

This article aimed to examine the two concepts of the educational process and educated person from the philosophical perspective of Richard S. Peters, a prominent philosopher of education. In light of this, one of his influential works, “What is an Educational Process?”, was carefully reviewed. Some comments on the overall relevance of Peters’ positions on the two concepts are also included. The review provides valuable insights into these concepts, which are profoundly important for the education field. Finally, concluding remarks and implications of the author's perspectives on contemporary educational systems are highlighted.
Parental involvement in preschool education and its contribution to children’s developmental outcomes
Authors: Yizengaw Simegn Sendek
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to examine parental involvement in preschool education and its contribution for the developmental outcomes of children. To achieve this purpose, the descriptive survey design was used and data were collected through questionnaire from 88 parent-child dyads selected through systematic random sampling technique from participants in four districts of Yika sub-city, Addis Ababa. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression. The result showed that the level of parental involvement in their children’s preschool learning was below the average level on both home-based and preschool-based involvement dimensions. Parental monthly income had a significant and moderate positive relationship with home-based parental involvement. The regression analysis also showed an overall significant positive correlation between parental involvement and academic competence and social skills of children. The regression model illuminated that 36% of the variance in academic competence and 10% of the variance in social skills of children were explained by parental involvement. Therefore, it is concluded that parental involvement in their children’s education is minimal and highly influenced by the level of parental monthly income. Besides, parental involvement significantly determines the level of children’s academic competence and social skills but is negligible in terms of its association with their problem behavior.
Teacher effectiveness in English-medium instruction and students’ academic achievement: A value-added model in action
Authors: Woldegebriel Getu Tefera , Yigzaw Abiy , Shiefere Kassie , Emiru Zewdu
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to investigate the association between general science teachers’ effectiveness in teaching through English and students’ academic success in Debre Birhan City. In addition, it sought to determine which dimensions of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) accounted for the greatest variability. Furthermore, it examined whether demographic variables such as sex, qualification, and experience co-variated with students’ academic achievement (SAA). A non-experimental correlational design was employed. The study sample included 45 randomly selected teachers and 1575 students in 45 classrooms. A teacher effectiveness questionnaire and an academic achievement test were used as data collection tools implementing the principle of the value-added model. The findings revealed a strong relationship between teachers’ effectiveness in teaching science through English and SAA, with pedagogical knowledge being the highest contributor and experience co-variating with SAA. The unstandardized coefficient output also reveals that SAA increases by a certain percentage as every scale of EMI increases. The study recommends on-the-job training for EMI teachers. Additionally, experienced teachers should work in pairs with younger teachers and share fresh perspectives on teaching methods and effective language use. The introduction of EMI implementation policies is also recommended.
Assessment of Students’ Perceptions of the Quality of Teaching in Public Universities in Uganda
Authors: Katongole Gonzaga
Published: October 2024

This paper examines students’ perceptions of the quality of teaching at Makerere University. It is derived from a broader study that examined accountability and service delivery in public universities in Uganda. Specifically, this paper sought to assess students’ satisfaction with the study content and coverage, teaching methods, and lecturers’ attendance and punctuality. Being the oldest public university in Uganda, the researcher believed that Makerere University represented all other public universities in Uganda. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design and collect data from 397 students out of the total population of 13,203. The findings largely suggested that students were satisfied with the quality of teaching. In relation to course content and coverage, 68% were satisfied, 73% were satisfied with the teaching methods, while 79% were satisfied with teachers’ attendance and punctuality. However, the unsatisfied minority revealed that the study content was too theoretical, and that teaching methods were teacher centred. Students stated that some academics were usually late for lectures, and sometimes they missed lectures without communicating in time one of the reasons being that they had to seek for meals outside the university. The study recommended that to further improve quality teaching, Makerere University should admit students she can adequately provide for, hire more academics, facilitate lecturers to conduct more research, and provide tea and lunch to lecturers while at the university among others. This research carries value to education policy makers and university authorities. The findings can be used by institutions of higher learning to further improve the delivery of quality teaching and learning.
Safeguarding Adolescent Girls in Senior High Schools in Ghana to Enhance Human Resources for Sustainable Development
Authors: Anab Chrysogonus , Abazaami Joseph
Published: October 2024

In Ghana, cases of young girls being abused in schools have increased. This study has sought to establish the drivers for this development, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect and analyse data from five senior high schools (SHSs) located in five different administrative districts in Ghana, selected using the simple random sampling technique. The conclusion from the study is that 53 per cent of the adolescent girls in SHSs reported not being safe. The study has established that inadequate school infrastructure, parental neglect of responsibilities to provide basic needs to young girls, and weak enforcement of child safeguarding policies and protocols were responsible for girls’ feeling unsafe. It has been discovered that the Young Female Platform (YFP) established in some SHSs to provide reproductive health education and leadership skills is an empowering approach for girls to exercise the right to dignity. The need to expand the YFP concept to all SHSs in Ghana, the inclusion of dignity kits on the list of items provided under the Ghana Free Senior High School Programme (GFSHSP), and decentralising the sanctioning power of the Ghana Education Service (GES) were among the recommendations tabled to eliminate the abuse of girls in Ghana’s SHSs.
Remote sensing of coral reef habitats in Madagascar using Sentinel-2 satellite images
Authors: Nomenisoa Aina Le Don , Todinanahary Gildas , Edwin Hubert Zafimampiravo , Razakarisoa Toky , Israel John Bunyan , Raseta Saverio , Jaonalison Henitsoa , Mahafina Jamal , Eeckhaut Igor
Published: October 2024

Publicly available Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was used to map the coral reef systems of Toliara in Madagascar, to standardize methods for monitoring reef health and guiding management decisions. Fieldwork conducted between March and December 2021 used georeferenced photoquadrats to assess benthic structure. The satellite image classification was based on the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) and machine learning algorithms, with k-NN achieving the highest overall accuracy at 83 %, followed by the Bayes classifier (79 %), DT (68 %), RT (67 %) and SVM (42 %). The analysis identified distinct surface areas occupied by seagrass (21 km2), sand (73 km2), rubble (21 km2), coral (10 km2) and algae (6 km2). Comparative assessment with the Allen Coral Atlas underscored the importance of aligning satellite image analysis with in-situ data. The study emphasized the role of selecting appropriate classifier algorithms for precise mapping and stressed the importance of local data collection for accurate habitat mapping. It also showcased the successful application of OBIA with satellite imagery and field data for coral reef mapping, providing insights into habitat health and spatial changes essential for effective conservation.
Sexismo, Celos, Agresividad y Gravedad Percibida en la Violencia de Pareja
Authors: Barreiro Maceira José María
Published: October 2024

El propósito es analizar la relación entre el mantenimiento de creencias sexistas y la violencia de género. Se han comparado las puntuaciones en sexismo hostil y sutil, percepción de gravedad, celos y tendencia a la agresividad entre una muestra de varones de la población general y condenados por delitos de violencia de género realizando el Programa de Rehabilitación e Intervención en Agresores. Se realizaron comparaciones antes y después de la aplicación del programa, para comprobar si tras la intervención, los penados han reducido las puntuaciones en los factores de riesgo igualando a la población general. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas en las variables analizadas entre ambos grupos antes de la asistencia al programa y diferencias menores después de la asistencia al mismo. Se concluye que, aun cuando el programa de intervención ha tenido un resultado positivo sobre los agresores sería necesario analizar en mayor profundidad el efecto de cada componente.
Pedagogía de la sostenibilidad: integración de los ODS (Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible) en el currículo educativo
Authors: Domínguez Sully Idalia Quimí , Veloz María Gabriela Vásquez , Aguilera Allison Gabriela Freire , Rodríguez Edgar Patricio Quiñonez , Centeno María Victoria Chalare , Castillo Anastacia Pilar Francis
Published: October 2024

El desarrollo sostenible ha tomado un papel central en las políticas globales desde la adopción de la Agenda 2030 y sus Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Dentro de este marco, la educación es clave para formar una ciudadanía global comprometida con la construcción de un futuro más equitativo y sostenible. Este estudio examina cómo se ha integrado la pedagogía de la sostenibilidad en los currículos educativos a diferentes niveles y contextos. Se destaca la importancia de la educación para alcanzar los ODS y la necesidad de incorporar estos objetivos en los sistemas educativos. La metodología empleada incluye un análisis documental y estudios de caso que examinan enfoques, prácticas y políticas de diferentes países para implementar la sostenibilidad en la educación. Los resultados revelan diversas estrategias efectivas, como el enfoque interdisciplinario, la enseñanza basada en proyectos y la colaboración entre instituciones educativas y comunidades locales. Sin embargo, también se identifican desafíos, como la falta de recursos y la insuficiente formación docente. A pesar de estos obstáculos, las tecnologías educativas emergen como una herramienta valiosa para facilitar la enseñanza de los ODS. En conclusión, se subraya que, aunque existen barreras, la integración de los ODS en la educación presenta grandes oportunidades para transformar los sistemas educativos y avanzar hacia el logro de los objetivos globales de sostenibilidad.
Stakeholder Management and Loan Capital Project Performance by Edify Rwanda
Authors: Umutesi Claudette , Akims Malgit
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this project is to assess the influence of stakeholders’ management on loan capital project performance by Edify Rwanda.
Methodology: A descriptive and correlational research design was employed for data collection. The sample included 201 participants: 60 head teachers, 60 school owners, 11 bank managers, and 70 Edify Rwanda staff. The sample size of 133 respondents, consisting of 126 for quantitative data and 7 for qualitative data, was determined using the Slovin formula.
Findings: The findings from the multiple regression analysis indicated that stakeholders’ expectations and needs identification and stakeholder conflict resolutions had significant effect on loan capital project performance by Edify Rwanda. However, stakeholder communication and stakeholder involvement had insignificant effect on loan capital project performance by Edify Rwanda.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that Edify Rwanda should implement mechanisms to ensure that community members have a more significant role in selecting projects. This could involve regular community meetings and consultations to gather input and prioritize projects based on local needs. In order to improve stakeholder engagement, Edify Rwanda should develop robust feedback mechanisms that allow stakeholders to voice their concerns and suggestions throughout the project lifecycle. This could include surveys, suggestion boxes, and regular follow-up meetings.