bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de extratos herbais e butirato de sódio em suínos na fase de 7 a 10kg
Authors: Baggio V. , Villani R. , Guarnieri P.C. , Romani J. , Sutille M.A. , Zanandrea F.M. , Facchi C.S. , Petrolli T.G.
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição de um complexo contendo extratos herbais de Acacia minearnsii e Castanea sativa, associados a um blend de ácidos orgânicos contendo os ácidos butírico, cítrico, fumárico e ascórbico em substituição a antibióticos em dietas de leitões na fase de 7 a 10kg de peso corporal. O experimento foi executado nas instalações de uma granja comercial, situada no município de Xanxerê, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram utilizados 400 animais, na faixa de 7 a 10kg de peso, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em quatro tratamentos com quatro repetições cada, compostas por 25 animais cada. Os tratamentos experimentais foram: T1: Controle Positivo (Colistina + Florfenicol) (1000ppm); T2: Complexo herbal + Butirato (300ppm); T3: Complexo herbal + Butirato (600ppm); T4: Complexo herbal + Butirato (1200ppm). Foram avaliados parâmetros sanguíneos (hemograma, leucograma, contagem plaquetária, glicemia e colesterolemia), parâmetros de desempenho (ganho de peso, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar) e ocorrência de diarreias. Os dados experimentais foram submetidos à análise de variância, e na presença de diferença significativa, as médias foram submetidas ao teste SNK a 5% de significância. Não foram constatadas alterações significativas sobre os parâmetros hematológicos ou leucocitários dos suínos avaliados. Não houve alteração na contagem plaquetária, nos níveis de glicose e de colesterol sanguíneos .O desempenho e a ocorrência de diarreias não foram afetadas pelos níveis do blend de extratos herbais e ácidos orgânicos em substituição aos antibióticos. Conclui-se que estes compostos podem ser utilizados como promotor de crescimento em substituição aos antibióticos, sem causar comprometimento nos parâmetros sanguíneos e no desempenho de leitões na fase pós-desmama.
Petroleum Engineering - The Best Profession
Authors: Mody Rustom K.
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering

Short of choosing a life partner, deciding on a profession may be the most important decision any of us ever makes. And there are many who would debate which of these takes precedence. I consider myself amazingly fortunate in having made perfect choices in both categories. Anyone who has met my wife, Dina, can vouch for the first one. This is my opportunity to talk about the second.

When people ask me what I think about petroleum engineering as a profession, I answer, “Petroleum engineering is not just a great profession; it’s the best profession.” Here is why. Name another profession that is fun, intellectually and physically challenging, personally and financially rewarding, and critical to true global sustainability on both a macro and micro scale. I can’t think of one.

Beyond the basics of skills, aptitude, education, and interest, the way we choose our professions has changed dramatically over the past 50 to 60 years. The goal for many of our parents, and even some of us, depending on our age, was to join a company where we could make a good living, rise in the ranks, and work from graduation to retirement. That world no longer exists.

Today the question of what to consider when choosing a profession consumes magazines, books, and the internet. A 2018 online Harvard Business Review (HBR) article reported on what motivates people at work, beyond obvious basics such as salary, time off, and benefits. To find answers, HBR’s people analytics team collaborated with Facebook. Based on surveys conducted twice a year asking what employees value most, the team identified three big buckets of motivators: career, community, and cause.

As the article said, “It turns out we’re all hoping to find a what, a who, and a why.”

Career—The What

According to HBR, career is about work. It’s about autonomy, about using your strengths, and promoting learning and development. It’s at the heart of intrinsic motivation. It’s what you do throughout your working life, and may span many jobs and many companies.

Engineers share many traits, perhaps the most common of which is our love of solving problems. Petroleum engineering is the pinnacle of problem solving. For the 7.2 billion people on our planet, we have to solve the problem of how to deliver affordable energy from oil and gas, and how to do so safely and economically. We must solve the problem of operating in ways that don’t threaten our planet and its future generations. And, we must do all of this in a way that helps our employers achieve acceptable return on investment.
What Lies Ahead for Hydrocarbons in the Global Energy Mix?
Authors: Whitfield Stephen
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering

Continual change is an indisputable feature of the oil and gas industry. The industry that exists today bears little resemblance to the one that existed 40 years ago. Forty years from now, energy demand, consumption habits, technologies to produce and deliver energy, and regulations will again have changed in ways known and unknown.

One of the big drivers in the shift moving forward is climate change, and the downward pressure on carbon emissions needed to achieve goals outlined in the Paris Agreement, an intergovernmental climate deal aimed at taking steps to limit the increase in global warming. World energy demand will continue to rise, and fueling the world will require abundant resources from a variety of sources. The transition is already under way to diversify the fuel mix, and hydrocarbons remain in a position to meet the needs of a changing environment, whatever they may be.

The New Energy Landscape

In January, the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) released its 2019 Energy Outlook, a collection of modeled projections of what may happen in the energy sector given certain assumptions and methodologies. Its reference case projection is the agency’s best assessment of how US and world energy markets will operate through 2050, assuming improvement in known energy production, delivery, and consumption technology trends.

The outlook focused on US oil and gas production in the near term, but it also discussed the changing mix in energy sources expected to materialize over the next couple of decades. Renewable energy will become a larger part of the mix. Driven by solar and wind, renewables today make up nearly 20% of electricity generation, a change that has resulted in the overall carbon dioxide intensity of the electric power sector declining by 25% from the mid-2000s to today. EIA projects this downward trend to continue through 2050.

While increased renewable use has led to reduction in CO2 intensity in some areas, some are questioning whether that reduction is enough. During an EIA webcast panel discussing key findings from the outlook, moderator Jason Grumet, founder and president of the Bipartisan Policy Center, said that based on the scenarios outlined in the Paris Agreement and a report by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change released last year, the energy industry will need to innovate to reduce emissions to levels needed to limit global warming.
The X-Factor in PE: Women in the Industry
Authors: Feder Judy
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering

Employment of petroleum engineers is projected to grow 15% from 2016 to 2026, much faster than the average for all occupations. There is a strong movement within the industry and among the companies that comprise it to ensure that as this growth occurs, the percentage of women in the global workforce and in senior positions also grows. Increased gender diversity has been proven to benefit organizational performance through higher-quality teamwork, improved problem solving, greater creativity, and lower-risk decision making, as exemplified by the women interviewed for  this article.

Vicki Hollub, Occidental Petroleum

Vicki Hollub, president and chief operating officer of Occidental Petroleum (Oxy), is the first female CEO of a major US oil company. She was appointed CEO in April 2016 during a severe downturn in the industry.

Under Hollub, Oxy cut production costs in response to falling crude prices, but decided not to lay off employees, and focused instead on existing core operations in the Middle East, the US, and Colombia, and selling low-yield fields in the US and Middle East.

Diana Hoff, Antero Resources

Diana Hoff, vice president of operations for Antero Resources, says petroleum engineering has been a lifelong connection to her “pumper Grandpa” and a life’s work with meaning.

Hoff began her career as a production engineer for Chevron in the US Gulf of Mexico, often supervising jobs such as wireline interventions and stimulations herself on site. Starting in production gave her the opportunity to interact with diverse groups across reservoir engineering, geoscience, drilling and completions, and joint ventures, and built a solid foundation in understanding the interactions among these groups and the needs of each to be effective.

Karen Olson, Southwestern Energy

Karen Olson, technology director for Southwestern Energy, is recognized for leading industry efforts to manage water use and become better stewards of fresh water. Her SPE Distinguished Lecture, “Freshwater Neutral: Managing Water Use and Giving Back to the Environment,” is based on her leading role in Southwestern Energy’s ECH2O— Energy Conserving Water—initiative to replenish or offset each gallon of fresh water used in hydraulic fracturing operations through conservation practices, projects, and technologies.

Soma Chakraborty, Baker Hughes

Soma Chakraborty is engineering technical leader for Baker Hughes, a GE company, an expert in nanotechnology, and a pioneer in its application in oilfield operations. Chakraborty, who holds a PhD in chemistry from the India Institute of Technology in Mumbai and completed a post-doctoral fellowship in nanotechnology at Rice University, joined Baker Hughes in 2008.
Petroleum: The Gift That Keeps On Giving
Authors: Rao Vikram
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering

In 1798, Thomas Malthus, an English cleric and scholar, published An Essay on the Principle of Population. The central thesis was that population would grow exponentially, while food production would do so linearly, leading to catastrophic famine beyond the cross-over point. He did explore interventions on population growth, but the linearity of food production was not seriously challenged until a century later.

In 1909, Fritz Haber invented a means to produce industrial-scale ammonia (later perfected in collaboration with a BASF colleague, Carl Bosch, yielding the Haber-Bosch process) by reacting hydrogen from natural gas with nitrogen from the air. For this he received the Nobel Prize in 1918, although not without controversy due to his wartime role in the production of chlorine as a chemical weapon. Ammonia-based fertilizer, primarily in the form of ammonium nitrate and urea, transformed agricultural production, resulting in complete avoidance of the “Malthusian catastrophe.” This was the first dramatic contribution of the petroleum industry for the betterment of the human condition.

For sheer impact, in touching the lives of virtually everybody on the planet, Haber-Bosch is hard, if not impossible, to beat. While food (together with water) is arguably the most important human need in terms of sustaining life, affordable energy is an important determinant of the quality of that life. Low-cost energy is the tide that lifts all boats of economic prosperity. Innovation in the petroleum industry has, in the past decade alone, created widespread low-cost energy that appears to be here to stay.

It began with shale gas. The first decade of this century saw wild fluctuation in the price of natural gas. Few parameters dampen the enthusiasm for capital investment more than uncertainty in the price of key consumables. Unlike oil, gas pricing is regional. The chemical industry fed by natural gas, such as methanol production, fled from the US to countries with cheap gas. Then, a combination of the technologies of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing led to the exploitation of gas in geologies previously considered intractable: shale gas deposits. An explosion of drilling resulted in gas priced under $3/million BTU. The volumes eliminated the need for imported liquefied natural gas (LNG). In fact, the US became an exporter of LNG. The net effect was that natural gas prices dropped and stabilized worldwide, although at higher levels than in the US. And increased availability of LNG in Europe resulted in gas no longer being considered as a potential weapon of political will.

Shale gas single-handedly accounted for the emergence of the US from the last recession. Natural gas is either a critical raw material (e.g., for ammonia or methanol synthesis) or is a source of energy for a reaction such as in steel making. Cheap and plentiful natural gas catapulted the growth of the associated industrial processes.
Technology Focus: Production Monitoring
Authors: Mittal Rohit
Published: February 2019

Technology Focus

It stands to reason that a major draw for JPT’s readers is the continual discussion of new technologies and emerging methods in its pages. Professionals in our industry, working in a highly technical field to begin with, appreciate innovation backed by rigorous study that will make their jobs easier and enable the goal of improving life for the planet’s population. (For more reflections on this theme, please see the Professional Pride section.) To this end, I have selected three papers that join this desire for innovation with the potential offered by emerging technologies.

Oil-rim position is literally a moving target in the context of production monitoring and is often too challenging a task for the conventional approach of using periodic gradiometric surveys. The authors of paper SPE 188868, however, explore the possibilities presented by optical pressure gauges in capturing these fluid levels with greater accuracy without requiring costly interventions and associated health, safety, and environmental risks.

In a similar vein, precise monitoring of the waterflooding process by traditional means of seismic- and gravity-based methods is problematic for a variety of reasons. One potential solution is the use of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) techniques, but these have mostly been limited to 2D geometries. In paper SPE 191544, the authors discuss the implementation of a technique that marries CSEM technology with 3D-measurement capability to overcome the monitoring difficulties posed by the waterflooding process.

Finally, as the big data revolution over-takes our industry as well as many others, increased attention has been paid to the area of machine learning. The authors of paper SPE 192819 use artificial neural networks to interpret data and estimate production rate effectively in both simulated and field data. Though many factors can influence the outcomes (as with any type of measurement), the method holds promise for improving the flowmetering and back-allocation phases of monitoring.

As noted last year in this space, our industry is one often considered reactive and overly tradition-bound. These new technologies, however—and, more importantly, the drive of these researchers to harness their capabilities—prove that petroleum engineers remain at the forefront of innovation and discovery and that we all may share in their professional pride.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 193051 Revisiting Petrophysical and Fluid Characteristics of a Mature Smectite-Rich Shally Sand Reservoir for EOR Screening in the Sultanate of Oman by Arwa al-Harrasi, Petroleum Development Oman, et al.

SPE 193183 Real-Time Hydrocarbon Mapping by Time-Lapse Borehole Electric Tomography by Paolo Dell’Aversana, Eni, et al.
Perceptions of Precision Agriculture Technologies in the U.S. Fresh Apple Industry
Authors: Gallardo R. Karina , Grant Kara , Brown David J. , McFerson James R. , Lewis Karen M. , Einhorn Todd , Sazo Mario Miranda
Published: February 2019

Advances in precision agriculture technologies provide opportunities to improve the efficiency of agricultural production systems, especially for high-value specialty crops such as fresh apples (Malus domestica). We distributed an online survey to apple growers in Washington, New York, and Michigan to elicit stakeholder perceptions of precision agriculture technologies. Findings from this study demonstrated that growers are willing to adopt precision agriculture technologies when they receive results from applied research projects and are engaged with active extension programs. The availability of customized services and purchasing and rental options may minimize the effects of the economies of size that create barriers to adopting increasing access to technologies. Finally, respondents deemed collaborative efforts between industry and academic institutions crucial for adapting the innovation to better address the needs of growers.
Impact of Management Practices on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Corn–Soybean Rotations
Authors: Dold C. , Hatfield J. L. , Prueger J. H. , Sauer T. J. , Moorman T. B. , Wacha K. M.
Published: February 2019

Core Ideas

Soil management affects carbon and water dynamics.

Net ecosystem production was higher in reduced till systems.

Ecosystem respiration was higher in tillage systems.

Residue management most likely to affect net ecosystem production and ecosystem respiration.

Corn [Zea mays L.] and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are important US crops, and soil management typically comprises tillage activities, yet improvements in management practices may have substantial impact on C and water dynamics. This study's aim was to determine management impact on C and water fluxes. Four eddy covariance stations monitored evapotranspiration (ET) and net ecosystem production (NEP) in 2016–2017 in two corn–soybean–rotation systems—a conventional and a transitional system to reduced till with cover crop (i.e., aspirational). Net biome production (NBP), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), and inherent water use efficiency (IWUE*) were calculated. Aspirational site NEP was higher than the conventional site with 565 vs. 421 g C m−2 in corn, and 108 vs. −64 g C m−2 in soybean. The aspirational RE was lower than under conventional management for both corn and soybean. Aspirational corn GPP was lower than conventional with 1285 and 1405 g C m−2, and no difference in soybean with 750 and 742 g C m−2. Linear regression (p < 0.05) showed higher NEP regression slopes in spring in the conventional compared with the aspirational system, with −0.016 and −0.004 in soybean, and −0.012 and −0.005 in corn. The soybean‐years were a C source in both management systems. Although annual ET was similar among crops and management with 589 to 610 mm, the growing season IWUE* was higher under conventional management. Reduced tillage substantially improved C dynamics in corn and soybean, whereas ET was less affected.
Políticas públicas e agricultura familiar: um estudo de caso no território rural São Mateus em Minas Gerais
Authors: Andrade Álvaro Antônio Xavier de , Carneiro Pedro Santiago Pereira Zanelatto , Souza Welder Nunes de , Cunha Dênis Antônio da , Souza Bianca De Jesus , Ribeiro Aureo Eduardo Magalhães , Teixeira Reinaldo Duque Brasil Landulfo
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados a cerca da implementação e operacionalização das políticas públicas universais voltadas para agricultura familiar no Território Rural São Mateus, Minas Gerais. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas e entrevistas semi-estruturadas como técnica de coleta de dados em campo. Constatou-se que as políticas públicas pesquisadas encontraram diversos entraves para sua implementação e pouco contribuíram para a inclusão produtiva e o desenvolvimento territorial no período avaliado, principalmente devido ao pouco diálogo existente entre agricultores, as entidades que os representam e os governos municipais.
Análise do Panorama da Legislação de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais no Estado de Pernambuco
Authors: Vieira Dos Reis Josimar , Alves da Silva Leônio José
Published: February 2019

A preocupação com a biodiversidade vem aumentando nas últimas décadas em função das consequências que a sua degradação causa os desafios para preservação ambiental são diversos e envolvem temas complexos como o excesso de poluição, mudanças climáticas, aquecimento global, contaminação das águas, resíduos sólidos, desenvolvimento sustentável, saneamento básico, refugiados ambientais, energia nuclear, lixo químico/tóxico, extinção das espécies e da biodiversidade, escassez de água doce. O Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) surge como um instrumento econômico ambiental para minimizar tais conseqüências através do incentivo à conservação ambiental por meio de estímulos, financeiro ou não, a quem promover os serviços ambientais. A criação de Leis sobre PSA faz-se importante para garantir segurança aos envolvidos e incentivar a criação de novos projetos do gênero. Neste trabalho buscaremos fazer um acompanhamento histórico das primeiras iniciativas de políticas de pagamento por serviços ambientais no Brasil e no mundo ate o caminho percorrido para implementação da política estadual de pagamento por serviços ambientais no estado de Pernambuco, com ênfase, nas ferramentas já usadas na proteção e, em seguida, analisando o contexto da política de PSA em Pernambuco, focando no debate legislativo. Após esse panorama, procederemos ao estudo da política de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais no estado de Pernambuco como ferramenta de proteção florestal, primeiro visando compreender seus conceitos e aplicabilidade, como forrma de melhor vislumbrar sua real chance de sucesso.
Ciclo do Petróleo e Desenvolvimento Socioeconômico no Município de Campos dos Goytacazes – 1999/2014
Authors: Silva José Eduardo Manhães da , Hasenclever Lia
Published: February 2019

O município de Campos dos Goytacazes, localizado na região Norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, destacou-se, até recentemente, como o maior receptor de rendas oriundas de royalties e participações especiais do país, cujo montante corresponderam a quase 2/3 de seu orçamento, em 2014. O objetivo deste artigo é observar, a partir da análise de indicadores econômicos e sociais, a contribuição do ciclo expansivo da indústria petrolífera na Bacia de Campos, no sentido de superar o subdesenvolvimento local e a promoção do desenvolvimento socioeconômico. O período de análise concentra-se no interstício 1999/2014 e engloba a quebra do monopólio do Petróleo no Brasil, ocorrida em 1997. A metodologia baseou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o comportamento socioeconômico de Campos dos Goytacazes no período 1999/2014, sendo, sempre que possível, relacionando com os municípios de Macaé e Niterói. Sendo a conclusão mais relevante do trabalho a de que, apesar do virtuoso ciclo do petróleo e das generosas receitas de royalties e participações especiais auferidos pelo município, observa-se que o subdesenvolvimento não só persiste, mas também se reproduz por conta da deterioração institucional.
Visões Empreendedoras: um estudo comparativo entre especialistas das cinco maiores economias em relação aos especialistas de países membros do Mercosul
Authors: Patah Leandro Alves , Ferreira Heitor Lopes , Pugas Maurício Alves Rodrigues
Published: February 2019

Este artigo tem como propósito compreender como os cinco países com maior PIB (EUA, China, Japão, Alemanha e Reino Unido) e cinco países membros do MERCOSUL (Brasil, Argentina, Colômbia, Chile e Uruguai) percebem o empreendedorismo. Desta forma o objetivo deste trabalho busca identificar quais dimensões demonstram a existência de opiniões iguais e/ou divergentes relacionadas ao empreendedorismo entre especialistas que participaram da edição GEM 2012. Quanto ao método configura-se como quantitativo de caráter exploratório. A fonte dos dados é secundária oriundas da pesquisa GEM 2012 e disponibilizadas por meio do site http://www.gemconsortium.org/. Para tratamento destes dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva e multivariada. Como resultado descobriu-se nove dimensões que atenderam aos pressupostos, sendo discutidos neste trabalho apenas três: Direito de Propriedade Intelectual; Programas Governamentais e Mulher Empreendedora. Desta discussão constatou-se que embora a cultura social dos países com maior PIB seja ligeiramente mais agressiva que a cultura social existente entre os países membros do MERCOSUL, as percepções de seus especialistas confirmam a visão de pesquisadores ao afirmarem que o empreendedor enxerga novos mercados em ambientes caóticos e cercados de incerteza, cujo risco é o critério para a busca de oportunidades.
Multifunctional sugar-cube-like Fe3O4@Cu/PVA biomaterials for enhanced removal of nitrate and Mn(II) from moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)
Authors: Su Jun Feng , Gao Yi chou , Liang Dong hui , Wei Li , Bai Xue chen , Zhu Hai rong
Published: February 2019

A novel Fe3O4@Cu/PVA biomaterial as a new adsorbent and bacterial cell immobilized carrier was synthesized in this work. The structure and morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Effects of factors on Mn(II)-based autotrophic denitrification were investigated in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). The results indicate that the highest nitrate removal and Mn(II) oxidation efficiency occurred under the conditions of initial Mn(II) concentration of 80 mg·L−1, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 h and pH 7. Meteorological chromatography analysis showed that N2 was produced as an end-product, and that gas compositions were different depending on the concentration of Mn(II) in the MBBR. The community diversity in the MBBR was markedly influenced by the concentration of Mn(II) and Pseudomonas sp. H-117 played a primary role in the process of nitrate removal and Mn(II) oxidation.
Relevância Socioambiental da Coleta Seletiva no Município de Itaúna: Visão de Catadores e da Comunidade
Authors: Silveira Débora Chaia , De Sousa Fabrizio Furtado , Teixeira Catarina
Published: February 2019

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os aspectos sociais, ambientais e de bem-estar social do sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos do município de Itaúna, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para tanto, foram entrevistados catadores associados à Cooperativa de Reciclagem e Trabalho de Itaúna (COOPERT) e moradores do bairro Parque Jardim Santanense – região onde, anteriormente, se realizava a deposição dos resíduos sólidos do município. Verificou-se que a maioria dos entrevistados do bairro aprova a implantação do aterro sanitário e da usina de triagem de lixo em local afastado da área residencial. Em relação à COOPERT, 71,1% dos associados acham suas condições de trabalho ótimas ou boas e 73,7% avaliam que a renda adquirida através do trabalho na cooperativa é suficiente para o sustento da família. Conclui-se, assim, que a criação COOPERT e consequente organização dos catadores de material reciclável do município promoveram melhorias significativas em suas condições de vida e trabalho.
Экспертная оценка социально-психологической компетентности подростков с отклонениями в развитии
Authors: Koroleva Yuliya A.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. Modern society places increased demands on skills and abilities in interpersonal interaction. However, adolescents with various developmental disabilities demonstrate a reduced ability to interact with others. This paper: (a) concentrates on studying socio-psychological competence that ensures the effectiveness of subject-subject interaction; (b) introduces the original technique developed by the authors which studies the specific characteristics of socio-psychological competence; and (c) presents an experimental study that compares socio-psychological competence of adolescents with normative development and of those with such developmental disabilities as mental retardation, visual impairment, and hearing impairment.
Methods. This section describes the criteria for determining the sample and its characteristics and explains the advantages of expert evaluation method used for studying personality constructs in adolescents with developmental disabilities.
Results. This section presents the content of the technique developed by the author and describes the stepwise procedure for its development including verification of reliability of the technique and its individual scales and standardization of results by individual sub-scales for determining their corresponding levels. The results of expert assessment of adolescents’ socio-psychological competence confirm that intellectual ability in individuals with sensory impairments enables the development of their ability to interact, while low intellectual ability in adolescents with mental retardation complicates formation of their socio-psychological competence.
Discussion. The author identifies and describes cognitive-emotional, emotional-regulatory, and instrumental-operational components of the socio-psychological competence in adolescents and the system of their personal resource organization. The results suggest that compared to adolescents with sensory impairments, those with mental retardation demonstrate the lack of flexibility, behavioral immaturity, and low capacity for self-control and orientation in interpersonal interactions. The proposed technique for studying socio-psychological competence based on expert assessment has a great applied potential.
Временные установки современных мужчин и женщин
Authors: Ralnikova Irina A. , Smirnova Yana K.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. This paper investigates predictors of time attitudes in men and women aged 25–45 years. A theoretical analysis concentrates on the concept of time in the context of classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical ideals of rationality. In the process of individuals’ interaction with objects, time is born as a qualitatively new reality that is reducible neither to the subjective nor to the objective perspective. The psychological category of time is interpreted within the framework of post-non-classical approach that is capable of solving that contradiction.
Methods. The survey method was employed in the study for data collection. Mathematical and statistical analyses included Student’s t-test for independent samples and step-wise regression analysis.
Results. The transspective analysis of the problem of time in psychology enabled authors to describe its dynamics at classical, non-classical, and post-non-classical stages. The study examined time attitudes in men and women and determined their predictors in the context of gender differences.
Discussion. This is the first study that examines the predictors of time attitudes in men and women. Its original findings suggest that there is a dependency between time attitudes and parameters of personal and subjective functioning, including self-actualization, psychological well-being, coping strategies, and psychological defenses. Not so much certain values, as the subsystems of values belonging to various aspects of life (family, hobby, profession, household, etc.) participate in the formation process of time attitudes in men and women. Personal values determine the specific character of regulation of the time of life in women and men. Coping strategies are important for personal organization of time. The study showed the differences in interrelationships between value choices and time attitudes in men and women.
Устойчивость и изменчивость идентичности в подростковом и юношеском возрасте
Authors: Kuzmin Mikhail Yu. , Konopak Igor' A.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. This paper considers identity crisis from the viewpoint of stability and variability of its main components. To that end, an exploratory study has examined a relatively unexplored issue of stability of certain components of identity in schoolchildren and university students when they represent their past and future in self-descriptions.
Methods. The study used the following techniques: (a) the Twenty Statements Test by Kuhn and McPartland, (b) Your Lifeline by Kronik, and (c) the Test of Kelly Personal Constructs (a modified version).
Results. The study discovered that schoolchildren use educational component of identity in their self-descriptions more often than personal and existential ones. In student respondents, the increase in the level of family identity is typically accompanied by the reduced level of identity related to membership in informal groups and activity component. Gender, educational-professional, family, and personal identity components are prevalent in both schoolchildren and students’ subjective representations of their lives. However, schoolchildren demonstrate a greater dynamics of subjective representations of the past. Self-descriptions related to personal identity are the most stable in students, whereas in schoolchildren the most stable are self-descriptions related to the social component. Events related to education, family, and membership in informal groups are stable components of the subjective image of the past and future in schoolchildren and students. Finally, the findings suggest that students have stable constructs related to personality traits, family status, interpersonal relationships, and educational and professional activities.
Discussion. The authors compare their findings with the works of Mazilova, Miklyaeva, Rumyantseva, Crocetti, Meeus, and Abdukeram. The paper analyzes and discusses the difference in findings of studies that exercised different conceptual approaches to the identity issue (e.g., a heavy reliance on a three-component model in the western researcher tradition) and were based on different samples with diverse cultural backgrounds.
Эмоциональная основа организационного вандализма: теоретическая модель
Authors: Kruzhkova Olga V. , Deviatovskaia Irina V. , Vorobyeva Irina V.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. This paper considers the possibility of explaining organizational vandalism through personality emotional manifestations in employees. Despite the fact that company employees often cause considerable damage to its material, information, and social environment, little attention has been devoted to studying such a form of destructive behavior in adults. Previous studies have taken into account only disparate data on employees’ aggressive manifestations in the workplace (corporate sabotage, mobbing, negligence, etc.). In the scientific literature, scant attention has been paid to the predictors of adult vandalism and formation mechanisms of this type of human interaction with the organizational environment. This reduces the potential effectiveness of the programs and measures designed to prevent and combat vandal behavior in employees. This study introduces the concept of ‘organizational vandalism’ among company employees and attempts to discover its emotional basis.
Theoretical Basis. The ‘organizational vandalism’ concept and the model of its emotional basis were developed using the method of theoretical modeling. The authors relied on Plutchik’s evolutionary theory of emotions to describe the emotional basis of organizational vandalism. This enabled them to correlate emotions experienced by individuals in organizational environments with various vandal behaviors provoked by them.
Results. The model of organizational vandalism developed by the authors included eight basic types of employees’ vandalism related to primary (basic) emotions. These were aggressive, existential, conformal, incidental, reactive, and environmental types of vandalism and also vandalism of incompetence and vandalism of alienation. ‘Mixing’ primary emotions leads to more complex emotional experiences, which form the basis for certain types of employees’ vandalism in the workplace including vandalism of modernization and also its possessive, curious, vindictive, ‘cynical’, panic, and competitive types.
Discussion. The proposed theoretical model of the emotional basis of organizational vandalism should be integrated into a comprehensive system that would consider personal and organizational factors to prevent destructive behavior in company employees.
Prediction of the Disordered Regions of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Based on the Molecular Functions
Authors: Xie WeiXia , Feng Yong E.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Intrinsically disordered proteins lack a well-defined three dimensional
structure under physiological conditions while possessing the essential biological functions. They
take part in various physiological processes such as signal transduction, transcription and posttranslational
modifications and etc. The disordered regions are the main functional sites for
intrinsically disordered proteins. Therefore, the research of the disordered regions has become a hot
issue.

Objective:

In this paper, our motivation is to analysis of the features of disordered regions with
different molecular functions and predict of different disordered regions using valid features.

Methods:

In this article, according to the different molecular function, we firstly divided
intrinsically disordered proteins into six classes in DisProt database. Then, we extracted four
features using bioinformatics methods, namely, Amino Acid Index (AAIndex), codon frequency
(Codon), three kinds of protein secondary structure compositions (3PSS) and Chemical Shifts
(CSs), and used these features to predict the disordered regions of the different functions by
Support Vector Machine (SVM).

Results:

The best overall accuracy was 99.29% using the chemical shift (CSs) as feature. In feature
fusion, the overall accuracy can reach 88.70% by using CSs+AAIndex as features. The overall
accuracy was up to 86.09% by using CSs+AAIndex+Codon+3PSS as features.

Conclusion:

We predicted and analyzed the disordered regions based on the molecular functions.
The results showed that the prediction performance can be improved by adding chemical shifts and
AAIndex as features, especially chemical shifts. Moreover, the chemical shift was the most
effective feature in the prediction. We hoped that our results will be constructive for the study of
intrinsically disordered proteins.
Donepezil Derivatives Targeting Amyloid-β Cascade in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Mezeiova Eva , Chalupova Katarina , Nepovimova Eugenie , Gorecki Lukas , Prchal Lukas , Malinak David , Kuca Kamil , Soukup Ondrej , Korabecny Jan
Published: February 2019

:

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing impact on society. Because currently available therapy has only a short-term effect, a huge number of novel compounds are developed every year exploiting knowledge of the various aspects of AD pathophysiology. To better address the pathological complexity of AD, one of the most extensively pursued strategies by medicinal chemists is based on Multi-target-directed Ligands (MTDLs). Donepezil is one of the currently approved drugs for AD therapy acting as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In this review, we have made an extensive literature survey focusing on donepezil-derived MTDL hybrids primarily targeting on different levels cholinesterases and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide. The targeting includes direct interaction of the compounds with Aβ, AChE-induced Aβ aggregation, inhibition of BACE-1 enzyme, and modulation of biometal balance thus impeding Aβ assembly.
Nanotechnology Based Delivery Systems of Drugs Currently Used to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Choubdar Niloufar , Avizheh Sara
Published: February 2019

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia affecting over
46 million people, according to AD International. Over the past few decades, there has been considerable
interest in developing nanomedicines. Using nanocarriers, the therapeutic compound
could be delivered to the site of action where it gets accumulated. This accumulation, therefore,
reduces the required doses for therapy. Alternatively, using nanocarriers decreases the side effects.
Nanotechnology has had a great contribution in developing Drug Delivery Systems (DDS). These
DDS could function as reservoirs for sustained drug release or control the pharmacokinetics and
biodistribution of the drugs. In the current review, we have collected 38 original research articles
using nanotechnology as DDS for the clinically used cholinesterase inhibitor drugs donepezil
(DPZ), Rivastigmine (Riv), and galantamine (Gal) used for AD treatment from 2002 to 2017 from
Scopus and PubMed databases. Regarding DDS used for DPZ, most of the research in recent years
dealt with polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) including Poly-D, L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide (PLGA), and
chitosans (CHs), then Liposomes (LPs), nanogels, and natural products, respectively. In terms of
Riv most of the research performed was focused on polymeric NPs including PLGA, polylactic acid
(PLA), Poly-Ε-Caprolactone (PCL), poly-alkyl-cyanoacrylates, CH, gelatin and then LPs. The highest
application of NPs in regard to Gal was related to modified LPs and polymeric NPs. Polymeric
NPs demonstrate safety, higher stability in biological fluids and against enzymatic metabolism, biocompatibility,
bioavailability, and improved encapsulation efficacy. LPs, another major delivery
system used, demonstrate biocompatibility, ease of surface modification, and amphiphilic nature.
Dampak Kesehatan Anak Pada Periode Embrio, Janin, Bayi dan Usia Sekolah dengan Ayah Perokok
Authors: Duhita Fitra - , Rahmawati Novi Indah
Published: February 2019

Background: Almost 60,3% of smoker in Indonesia are men, and only 1% in women. That is caused by smoking for a women as a taboo. But smoking for a men as a symbol of masculineism, manner in social interaction with their community and best choice to ignoring negative feeling. If smoking habit in men continuing until they become a father, its bring negative effect for their children. Objective: This study aim to know kind of effect to his children while father as a smokerMethods: This is literatur review from research article which discuss about the effect of cigarete smoke also father as smoker to children while in conception periode, future health and development.Result: The review showed that exposure of the smoke in embrionic periode can cause spontaneouse abortion; in foetal periode cause preterm delivery and low birth weight baby; in infant periode increase risk of asthma and mental development delay.  All of that condition is caused by chemical compounds of the smoke. In other hand, children who have father whose smoking are risk three times greater to be smoker too in the future. Furthermore, it cause the chain of smoker will difficult to cut and bring negative impact for next generation. Conclusion: From this review’s result, its important  for primary health care provider to promote health education for every father in the family to wise while smoking.
The Effectiveness of Group Counseling Services Using Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Approach to Overcome Anxiety of Senior High School Students in Padang Tualang North Sumatera
Authors: Widodo Hadi
Published: February 2019

Guidance and counseling have techniques and approaches to overcome anxiety, one of which is the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy approach (hereinafter referred to as REBT). This type of research is quantitative research with experimental research design, using the design of the initial test (pretest) and final treatment (posttest). The experimental design used in this study was the experimental design of the Pre Experiment model, with the research design of The One Group Pretest-Posttest. The anxiety experienced by each group member at the pretest had a different score, with three categories of anxiety, namely high, medium, and low. The highest score was obtained 175 and the lowest score was 101. The anxiety experienced by each group member at the posttest had a different score, with two categories of anxiety, namely moderate and low.
Обеспечение технологического качества на производстве
Authors: Генцелев А.
Published: February 2019

Рассмотрены современные подходы к контролю качества электронных изделий в процессе производства и оборудование, с помощью которого они реализуются. Отмечено, что контроль качества в электронном производстве – многофакторная задача, к решению которой необходимо подходить комплексно.
Рынок неохлаждаемых микроболометров для ИК-камер: тенденции и перспективы
Authors: Кульчицкий Н. , Наумов А. , Старцев В.
Published: February 2019

Основное увеличение объема выпускаемых тепловизионных ИК-систем связано с гражданским применением: термографией, охранным и пожарным наблюдением, персональными системами ночного видения и локальными рынками безопасности (муниципальными, частными и пр.).
Мы идем в новый бизнес.
Authors: Кот И.В.
Published: February 2019

Компания "Газпром космические системы" – российский национальный спутниковый оператор – готовится пополнить свой флот новым космическим аппаратом "Ямал-601", имеющим самую высокую пропускную способность в российской орбитальной группировке.
Сравнительный анализ электрических характеристик железнодорожных кабелей связи.
Authors: Андреев Р. , Попов Б. , Попов В.
Published: February 2019

На российском рынке в последнее время появились дешевые низкокачественные железнодорожные кабели связи. Их использование приводит к существенному снижению характеристик передачи и взаимного влияния линий связи и нарушению требований отечественных нормативных документов. В статье проводится сравнительный анализ основных электрических характеристик симметричных железнодорожных кабелей с пленко-пористо-пленочной и кордельно-трубчатой полиэтиленовой изоляцией медных жил диаметром 1,05 мм.
Пути практической реализации концепции туманных вычислений.
Authors: Пинчук А. , Соколов Н. , Фрейкнман В.
Published: February 2019

Обсуждаются возможные пути практической реализации концепции туманных вычислений с учетом существующего уровня развития телекоммуникационной системы страны. Предлагается разработать макет, включающий аппаратно-программные средства, которые позволят сформулировать ряд важных принципов применения туманных вычислений. Акцентируется внимание на важности использования отечественных разработок с целью минимизации риска, обусловленного проблемами информационной безопасности.
Угрозы интернета вещей и возможные методы защиты.
Authors: Ярушевский Д.
Published: February 2019

Глобальная сеть, в которой основными участниками обмена данными являются не люди, а машины, таит в себе не только те же угрозы, что и "обычный" интернет, но и ряд новых. Для того чтобы мир IoT стал действительно безопасным, нужно сделать безопасными не отдельные устройства, а все экосистемы и их взаимодействие между собой в целом.
Globalización y comunicación
Authors: Alva de la Selva Alma Rosa
Published: February 2019

Este artículo aborda la relación globalización-comunicación, que ejerce una gran influencia en la vida social contemporánea; analiza el origen económico del concepto de globalización y la internacionalización del capital a partir de la posguerra, como una etapa que se extiende hasta el surgimiento de la corporación global y del mercado-mundo, Valora el impacto de este proceso en el plano cultural, donde las imágenes globales son difundidas a través de una diversidad de medios de comunicación, con repercusiones en las identidades nacionales y regionales. Asimismo, el texto reflexiona sobre la problemática de la llamada “era de la información”, en la cual la importante expansión de la globalización es impulsada de modo relevante por el desarrollo de las industrias de medios y, en especial, por el sector de las nuevas tecnologías, que permiten la acumulación, transferencia y procesamiento de datos en tiempos y costos reducidos y con alta eficiencia.