bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN FENOMENA ANGIN DARAT DAN ANGIN LAUT OLEH NELAYAN UNTUK MENCARI IKAN DI PANTAI PUGER KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Anggraeni Sisilia Nur Hikmah , Sudarti Sudarti , Yushardi Yushardi
Published: June 2023

One of the alternative energies on earth is wind. In the coastal area itself, it has been seen that fishermen are looking for fish in the sea using the wind as power to move their boats. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of land and sea breezes by fishermen to find fish on Puger Beach, Jember Regency. This study uses methods in the form of field observations, direct interviews and taking sources from the literature. Fishermen will go to sea in the afternoon or evening using the sea breeze, and will arrive at sea in the morning using the land breeze. The condition of the coastal area is different when compared to areas far from the coast with the same hour conditions and the same weather. This difference can be seen from the temperature, wind speed and air pressure. The benefit of this research is as a source of knowledge for readers that physical theories from nature have been applied correctly by humans.
PENGETAHUAN SIKAP DAN PERILAKU IBU TENTANG TATALAKSANA DIARE PADA ANAK DI RUMAH WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS INGIN JAYA
Authors: Khofifah Putri
Published: June 2023

Pengetahuan merupakan hasil dari tahu, yang terjadi setelah orang melakukan penginderaan terhadap objek tertentu. Sikap merupakan reaksi atau respon yang masih tertutup dari seseorang terhadap suatu stimulus atau objek. perilaku adalah suatu kegiatan atau aktivitas suatu aksi-reaksi organisme terhadap lingkungannya yang timbul karena adanya kebutuhan dan respon yang diamati baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung. Diare didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan frekuensi buang air besar dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak dari biasanya ( 3 kali/hari) dan konsistensi tinja bersifat cair dengan/tanpa darah dan atau lendir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku ibu tentang tatalaksana diare pada anak di rumah wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ingin Jaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan sampel diambil  dengan cara pengambilan sampel total sampling yang didapatkan dari data primer dengan cara pengisian kuesioner secara langsung oleh responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari sampel penelitian 77 responden diperoleh 94.3 % ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai penanganan diare, 78.6% ibu yang memiliki sikap kurang mengenai penanganan diare, 100% ibu yang memiliki perilaku yang baik mengenai penanganan diare.  Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku, Diare
ANALISIS STUDI LITERATUR PEMANFAATAN GELOMBANG ELEKTROMAGNETIK (ELF) BAGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN
Authors: Iswardani Fadia Arisma , Sudarti Sudarti , Yushardi Yushardi
Published: June 2023

Manfaat gelombang elektromagnetik sangat banyak. Salah satunya dalam industri pertanian, dimana pada agraris dipakai guna menghambat kemajuan bakteri serta dapat menghasilkan bahan/buah yang mutu positif. Tata cara nan dipakai pada riset ini ialah via memakai review 10 artikel. Hasil dari riset ini merupakan informasi yang didapat yakni intensitas medan magnet ELF frekuensi sangat rendah untuk setiap tanaman yang terkena perubahan waktu pemaparan yang berbeda. Gelombang Elektromagnetik Frekuensi Sangat Rendah adalah cakupan gelombang elektromagnetik melalui saluran antara 0 dan 300 Hz yang menghasilkan zona daya tarik serta listrik didekat garis serta perangkat ketika listrik ditransmisikan, didistribusikan, atau digunakan di berbagai perangkat. Gelombang elektromagnetik ELF banyak digunakan di berbagai bidang seperti kesehatan, pertanian, dan makanan. zona daya tarik ELF bisa diterapkan dalam benih tumbuhan aktif maupun yang tidak aktif. Sesuatu keuntungan penerapan daya tarik dalam benih tumbuhan aktif serta tak aktif adalah kemampuannya untuk mendorong perkembangan tumbuhan. Ilustrasi sebagian benih tumbuhan aktif antara lain gandum, kacang-kacangan, jagung, serta sebagian tipe tumbuhan lainnya.
Analisis Tingkat Pencemaran Air Sungai Pada Kualitas Air Sumur Yang Berdekatan Secara Langsung
Authors: Isti Fadah Hanim , Yushardi Yushardi , Sudartik Sudartik
Published: June 2023

Pencemaran air merupakan masalah yang berdampak buruk pada keberlanjutan sumber daya air. Tidak hanya itu tetapi juga mempengaruhi tanaman dan organisme hidup, kesehatan penduduk dan ekonomi. Sungai bisa tercemar dengan bakteri dan secara bersamaan menunjukkan berbagai kondisi hidrologi karena berbagai masukan air tanah dan mata air. Penurunan kualitas air permukaan merupakan dampak dari aktivitas antropogenik di wilayah studi akibat pesatnya industrialisasi, serta Tingkat pencemaran lingkungan yang tinggi, sering dikaitkan dengan pengelolaan limbah dan kotoran yang tidak tepat, tersebar luas di antara permukiman informal di daerah perkotaan di negara berkembang. Jarak dari sungai dan sumur berhubungan negatif dengan kepadatan E. coli untuk sumur, Air sumur yang tidak diolah mungkin tidak cocok untuk konsumsi manusia, dan penggunaannya yang berkelanjutan merupakan risiko kesehatan utama bagi penduduk.Kata kunci: Air; Sumur; Pencemaran
Pemulihan Pasca Tujuh Belas Tahun Tsunami Aceh dari Tinjauan Sosial dan Ekonomi Pada Masyarakat Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Sakdiah Halimatun , Mauliza Evi
Published: June 2023

Tsunami Aceh 2004 merupakan bencana yang melibatkan banyak pihak dalam proses pemulihannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemulihan pasca tujuh belas tahun tsunami di sektor sosial dan ekonomi pada masyarakat korban tsunami Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kota Banda Aceh, yaitu Kecamatan Meuraxa, Kuta Raja dan Kuta Alam. Data didapatkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yaitu, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data yang kemudian disimpulkan sehingga data penelitian serta penjelasan secara ilmiah terhadap fakta dan fenomena sosial yang tersajikan dalam bentuk narasi. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu mengacu pada empat konsep pemulihan build-back-better maka saat ini untuk menciptakan kawasan yang tangguh bencana harus mempertimbangkan rencana tata ruang sebagai upaya pengurangan risiko bencana. Sektor sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat semakin membaik, memiliki kehidupan yang baru dan mata pencaharian yang semakin beragam. Sosialisasi kebencanaan juga gencar dilakukan sebagai bentuk pemulihan dan pembentukan masyarakat yang tangguh bencana.Kata kunci: pemulihan, tsunami, sosial, ekonomi
3D-STCNN: Spatiotemporal Convolutional Neural Network Based on EEG 3D Features for Detecting Driving Fatigue
Authors: Peng Bo , Gao Dongrui , Wang Manqing , Zhang Yongqing
Published: June 2023

Fatigue driving has become one of the main causes of traffic accidents, and driving fatigue detection based on electroencephalogram (EEG) can effectively evaluate the driver's mental state and avoid the occurrence of traffic accidents. This article evaluates a feature extraction method for extracting multiple features of EEG signals and establishes a spatiotemporal convolutional neural network (STCNN) to detect driver fatigue. Firstly, we constructed a three-dimensional feature of the EEG signal, which includes the frequency domain, time domain, and spatial features of the EEG signal. Then, we use STCNN for fatigue state classification. STCNN is composed of an attention time network based on attention mechanism and an attention convolutional neural network based on attention mechanism. In addition, we conducted fatigue driving experiments and collected EEG signals from 14 subjects in both awake and fatigued states, ultimately collecting EEG data under three different driving task loads. We conducted extensive experiments on this basis and compared the effectiveness of STCNN and six competitive methods. The results show that the classification accuracy of STCNN is 87.55%, which can effectively detect the fatigue status of drivers.
 
Received: 22 April 2023 | Revised: 15 June 2023 | Accepted: 26 June 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
Numerical Study on Free Particle Reinforced Fiber-Metal Composite Sandwiches Under Ballistic Loads
Authors: CALİSKAN Umut , DUMAN Nisanur , TERME Arslan Talha , ÇAYIR Mustafa , BOZKURT Mürüvvet
Published: June 2023

In this study, the ballistic performances of the fiber-metal composite plate with foam core sandwich embedded free particles were numerically investigated. Structures that can change the direction of incoming ammunition in armor designs have always been interesting. Ballistic analyzes of the structures designed with this motivation were carried out with fragment simulated projectile (FSP) under 3 different velocities. The 3D finite element and damage models of the materials were modeled separately, and the analyzes were completed by overcoming the problems encountered in the analysis of the complex structure. The material models of armor system were explained in detail as carbon fiber/epoxy composite plate, aliminum metal plate, PVC foam core material, steel spherical particle and steel fragment simulated projectile. The ballistic behaviors of 2 different types of structures formed according to particle diameter were investigated numerically and the full perforation behavior of the structure formed with small diameter particles was better.
Benlik Sunumunda Dövme: Benlik Sunumunda Dövmenin Anlamının ve Motivasyonunun Açıklanmasına Yönelik Bir Karma Yöntem Araştırması
Authors: KARAKUYU Ekin , TEMEL ENGİNLİ Ayşen
Published: June 2023

Bireyler doğduğu aile ortamının bir parçası olarak büyümekte ve toplumsal koşulların yansımaları sonucunda gelişim göstermektedir. Bireylerin maddi ya da manevi değer yükledikleri ve kendilerini tanımladıkları tüm yönleri benlik kavramını açıklamaktadır. Benlik sunumu, kişilerin etkileşimler sırasında kendi davranışlarına belirli düzenlemeler getirmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Bu düzenlemeler, bilinçli olarak ya da bilinçsiz bir şekilde karşılıklı etkileşimin sağlandığı her ortamda gerçekleşmektedir. Bu bağlamda dövme, bireylerin kendini ifade etmesini sağlayan bir iletişim biçimi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel kısmında 112 katılımcı İdeal ve Gerçek Benlik Kavramı Ölçeğini yanıtlamıştır. Nitel kısmında ise amaçlı örneklemle belirlenen ve en az bir dövmesi olan 18 katılımcı görüşme sorularını yanıtlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın en önemli sonucu kişilerin ideal ve gerçek benlikleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunun açıklanmasıdır. Bir diğer bulgu ise kişilerin dövme yaptırma sebeplerinin ve motivasyonlarının neler olduğuna ilişkindir. Bunlar; Kişisel Faktörler, Anlam Taşıma, İfade Etme Aracı, İyi Görünme Algısı, Benliğin Uzantıları ve Yeniden Tanımlanması, Estetik, Kişisel
Anlamlar, Hatırlama/Unutmama, Pişmanlık Duymama/Memnuniyet ve Kendini Mutlu Kılma kodlarıyla açıklanmaktadır.
Role of Serum Lipid Profile; Indicator of Early Changes in Head and Neck Cancer Cells
Authors: Naqvi Ansab Hasnain , Khan Manza Maqsood , Altaf Hussain  , Naqvi Syed Hasnain Mohammad , Syeda Mehak Hasnain  , Jawad Faisal
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of serum lipid profile as an indicator of early changes in head and neck cancer cells and to assess the potential value of these changes in detecting neoplastic cell alterations at an early stage.
Methodology: The Hospital-based case-control study was carried out on 48 patients with newly diagnosed Head & Neck malignancies, attending the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad between July 2020 and December 2020. Forty-eight Age and sex-matched who did not have any renal, hepatic or cardiac dysfunction were taken as controls. Fasting blood samples were drawn and analyzed for lipid profile as recommended in the literature.
Results: A significant change in plasma lipid profile with P values of Total Cholesterol (0.000), Triglyceride (0.004), and HDL (0.009) of <0.05 indicates that there is a statistically significant reduction of mean serum Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and HDL in subjects with head and neck cancer compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The altered plasma lipid status observed in this study suggests its potential as a valuable signal for early alterations in neoplastic cells associated with head and neck malignancies. Furthermore, a comprehensive review focusing on cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein transportation and the efficacy of receptor systems may contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling plasma cholesterol concentration in the context of cancer.
Long-Term Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty in The Treatment of Small Vessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mujtaba Ahmed  , Khawar Naeem Satti  , Asim Javed  , Fatima Noor  , Muhammad Mohsin  , Aimen Javed
Published: June 2023

Long-Term Outcomes of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty in The Treatment of Small Vessel Coronary Artery Disease
Objectives: To determine the outcomes in patients with small-vessel disease (SVD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a drug-coated balloon (DCB) and correlate these adverse outcomes with various risk factors.
Methodology: The prospective cohort study was conducted at the Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology (RIC) from January 2020 to December 2022. After being approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee, fifty-four patients who presented with SVD were enrolled using non-probability consecutive sampling. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients. They were treated with DCB and observed clinically on follow-ups at 15, 30, 60, and 90 days, & later after every 6 months for up to 2 years. Only those patients who presented with symptoms underwent repeat angiography. The outcomes assessed were cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR).
Results: Cardiovascular mortality occurred in 2(3.7%), MI in 3(5.6%) and TLR in 2(3.7%) patients. There was a significant association between cardiovascular mortality, MI, and TLR with diabetes mellitus and BMI. Age was only significantly related to cardiovascular mortality.
Conclusion: A drug-coated balloon is an effective and feasible treatment modality for small vessel disease. The incidence of outcomes of cardiovascular mortality, MI, and TLR after DCB is low, making it a safe modality. Advanced age, obesity, and diabetes mellitus alone or with hypertension are the predicting factors of adverse outcomes after DCB in patients with SVD.
Keywords: Drug-coated balloon, DCB, Small vessel coronary artery disease, SVD
A iniciação científica e o desenvolvimento de competências: o caso de estudantes de secretariado executivo trilíngue da unioeste
Authors: Vargas Aglio Rafael , Schmidt Carla Maria , Daga Cielo Ivanete
Published: June 2023

As universidades brasileiras utilizam-se da pesquisa científica para contribuir com a qualidade no ensino, sendo a Iniciação Científica (IC) uma das principais formas de inclusão dos estudantes na produção de conhecimentos. Assim, considerando a relevância da IC para as mais diversas áreas do conhecimento, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar quais competências foram desenvolvidas nos participantes dos projetos de iniciação científica realizados no Curso de Secretariado Executivo Trilíngue da Unioeste – Campus de Toledo. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com a utilização de entrevistas como forma de coleta de dados. As entrevistas foram analisadas a partir da combinação da análise de conteúdo e descritiva. Os principais resultados apontam que os participantes da IC desenvolvem competências importantes para a vida acadêmica, bem como, para o desempenho profissional. Como resultado secundário, identificou-se que a iniciação também acontece pela participação dos estudantes em eventos e programas de extensão, o que reafirma a necessidade de se estimular essas práticas.
Warship 11
Authors: Mulder Jantinus , Visser Henk
Published: June 2023

The six Frigate Panters were all built in the USA with MDAP funds. They were designed to escort slow coastal convoys in the Channel and North Sea areas and were operated as a single squadron by the Royal Netherlands Navy. They proved useful in a number of peacetime tasks, especially fishery protection, and some retained this role in the North Sea until the mid-1980s.
Correspondence Lyric
Authors: McHugh Shannon
Published: June 2023

Correspondence verse was part of a broader vogue in Renaissance Italian
literature of using contemporary, identifiable speakers. In contrast to the
standard vagueness surrounding the identity of the beloved in amorous
lyric, correspondence verse was often printed with the full names of both
poetic participants. These poems are artistically mediated portrayals of
speech, to be sure. Even so, these publicly circulated documents tell us
how actual men and women imagined speaking in a variety of relationships—
courtships, friendships, mentorships—highlighting Petrarchism’s
capacity as a socially embedded practice. This chapter also demonstrates
how attention to book history suggests an alternate gendered genealogy
for the subgenre of correspondence verse, where women played a more
significant role than has been previously recognized.
Eventualni umišljaj i razgraničenje sa svesnim nehatom
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, Serbia, Marković Ivana
Published: June 2023

The aim of the paper is to determine the content of dolus eventualis in order to demarcate it from conscious negligence as the less serious form of guilt. The main challenge in Serbian law for their differentiation is their identical element of consciousness (awareness of the possibility to commit the act), while the element of will is different (“consent” to dolus eventualis and reckless assumption that the consequence of the act would not occur or that the perpetrator would be able to hinder it for conscious negligence). Firstly, various doctrines (cognitive theories, voluntative theories, and theories of risk) are analyzed. After that, the most important, typical interpretations from the Serbian jurisprudence are presented and commented on, after which it is assessed whether any of the analyzed theories could apply to Serbian Law. Finally, a more precise interpretation of the term „consent“ and related questions is proposed.
Unutrašnja i spoljnopolitička terminologija antičkog Rima – dve strane iste medalje
Authors:   University of Priština, Faculty of Law, Vujović Ognjen
Published: June 2023

The paper compares the advice that Quintus gave to his brother Marcus Cicero, on how to conduct an election campaign, with the instructions that Ulpian gave to the governors of the provinces on how to treat the provincials. On that occasion, the same or similar terms were identified. It can be said that the candidates in the elections used similar methods of manipulation in the campaign as were used in Roman politics in the provinces. After all, they are just two sides of the same coin.
Los museos: importancia para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales en la Educación Básica Superior
Authors: Calvas Ojeda María Gabriela
Published: June 2023

Los museos como espacios de cultura, difusión y educación, en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, anticipan en el accionar docente el fortalecimiento de la enseñanza activa y el contacto con la realidad; sin embargo, aún se observan limitaciones en su empleo por parte de los educadores, originadas por el desconocimiento e insuficiente preparación metodológica; por tal motivo, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar la importancia de los museos en la enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales de la Educación General Básica Superior como contribución al enriquecimiento metodológico del docente para el empleo de estos espacios de promoción de conocimientos, recreación, participación activa de las nuevas generaciones como vía eficiente para la educación, formación de valores y enriquecimiento cultural. La indagación se sistematizó mediante los métodos hermenéutico, histórico-lógico y analítico-sintético; así como, en la técnica de análisis documental. Entre los principales hallazgos destacan la importancia de los museos como agentes de conciencia social, testimonio, memoria, investigación y de contribución al estudio de las Ciencias Sociales, pilar esencial para el desarrollo de la capacidad de razonamiento crítico en el campo de las humanidades, la descripción del contexto histórico que conlleva al rescate de la identidad cultural de los estudiantes.
Planificación educativa: herramienta fundamental para la gestión de las instituciones educativas
Authors: Vinces-Sánchez Oliver Jahir , Ramírez-Mayón Lilian Briggitte , Paladines-Condoy Jonathan Javier
Published: June 2023

La adecuada planificación es garantía efectiva de la gestión de las instituciones escolares. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la planificación como herramienta fundamental para una gestión educación de calidad. Para su cumplimiento se desarrolló una investigación descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo; se sustentó en los métodos hermenéutico y análisis de contenido. Entre los principales hallazgos se tiene que actualmente existen insuficiencias en la planificación estratégica lo que repercute negativamente en la gestión de las instituciones educativas y en la calidad de la enseñanza. Se debe tener en cuenta que la planificación educativa impacta en las diversas estrategias y acciones que se desarrollan en el aula escolar y fuera de ella, convirtiéndose en el hilo conductor del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Psychosis Secondary to Traumatic Brain Injury: Critical Literature Review and Illustrative Case Study
Authors: Regala Joana , Moniz-Pereira Francisco , Bento António
Published: June 2023

Psychosis secondary to traumatic brain injury (PSTBI) is rare yet a serious sequela of traumatic brain injury (TBI).We provide a critical literature review on PSTBI, outlining clinical features and approach to the diagnosis and treatment. Finally, we illustrate a case description, to discuss its conceptual framework. Conceptualizing PSTBI as a neurobiological syndrome has clinical relevance, insofar as, it facilitates a rational scheme, by which specific diagnostic dilemmas should be tackled in the workup, to provide a tailored treatment. Additionally, it may shed light on the understanding of psychotic disorders by integrating data on primary and secondary psychosis. TBI can contribute to the emergence of psychotic symptoms in various manners. It may precipitate psychosis in susceptible individuals, occur in a direct relationship to post‐traumatic epilepsy, or develop directly due to brain injury. It is this last clinical entity that we focus on in this article. Its neurobiological underpinnings comprise the following mechanisms: damage to frontal and temporal lobes (primary injury); structural and/or functional dysconnectivity in sensory‐ and other information‐ ‐processing networks, such as the Default‐Mode network, which stem from diffuse axonal injury (DAI) (primary injury); neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration (secondary injury).
The clinical presentation may take two forms: delusional disorder or schizophrenia‐like psychosis. Both subtypesare often preceded by a prodromal phase superimposed on other sequelae, namely affective instability, social and occupational functional decline. In comparison to primary schizophrenia, PSTBI has a lower genetic load, fewer negative symptoms, more neurocognitive symptoms, which may be intertwined with frontal‐subcortical system dysfunction/ frontal syndromes and are more likely to present findings on neuroimaging and electroencephalographic studies. PSTBI has a bimodal distribution of onset. Latencies of under a year (early‐onset) have been associated with DAI and delusional disorder subtype. Schizophrenia‐like psychosis subtype usually develops after a latency of 1‐5 years (late‐onset), and has been more associated with epilepsy, focal brain lesions and a chronic course.
Antipsychotics should be used cautiously considering the increased sensitivity to the sedating, anticholinergic, and seizure threshold‐lowering side effects. Late‐onset PSTBI might benefit from anticonvulsants, by virtue of its anti‐ ‐kindling properties. Additionally, further pharmacological approaches may be used to address cognitive, emotional, and behavioural issues.
Algorithm-Based Optimal and Efficient Exact Experimental Designs for Crossover and Interference Models
Authors: Hao Shuai , Yang Min , Zheng Wei
Published: June 2023

The crossover models and interference models are frequently used in clinical trials, agriculture studies, social studies, etc. While some theoretical optimality results are available, it is still challenging to apply these results in practice. The available theoretical results, due to the complexity of exact optimal designs, typically require some specific combinations of the number of treatments (t), periods (p), and subjects (n). A more flexible method is to build integer programming based on theories in approximate design theory, which can handle general cases of $(t,p,n)$. Nonetheless, those results are generally derived for specific models or design problems and new efforts are needed for new problems. These obstacles make the application of the theoretical results rather difficult. Here we propose a new algorithm, a revision of the optimal weight exchange algorithm by [1]. It provides efficient crossover designs quickly under various situations, for different optimality criteria, different parameters of interest, different configurations of $(t,p,n)$, as well as arbitrary dropout scenarios. To facilitate the usage of our algorithm, the corresponding R package and an R Shiny app as a more user-friendly interface has been developed.
6-11 Yaş Başlangıç Piyano Öğrencileri İçin Piyano Metodu İçeriği Önerisi
Authors: BIYIKLIOĞLU Zeynep Oya
Published: June 2023

Araştırmada 6-11 yaş piyano başlangıç öğrencileri için piyano metodu içeriği önerisi oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada 6-11 yaş çocuklarının, bedensel zihinsel ve psikomotor davranışları düşünülerek piyano çalabilmek için gerekli hedef davranışlar tespit edilmiş ve bu bağlamda hazırlanan 24 hedef cümlesi oluşturulmuştur. Bu hedef cümlelerine uygun öğrencilerin yaş aralığı düşünülerek içerik çalışması yapılmış ve metot içeriği oluşturulmuştur. Her hedefe uygun piyano parçaları yazılarak öğrencilerin piyano öğrenme becerilerinin geliştirilebilmesi için gereken içerik sağlanmıştır. İçerik düzenlemesinde basitten karmaşığa, kolaydan zora doğru bir sıralama takip edilmiştir. Araştırmada 6-11 yaş öğrencilerinin öğrenme düzeyleri düşünülerek 13 piyano parçası ve öğretmen eşliği yazılmıştır. Parçaların her birine parça prozodileri düşünülerek şarkı sözleri yazılmıştır. Parçaların sözlerine uygun görseller hazırlanmış ve bu 13 parçanın teker teker hangi hedef davranışları içerdiği belirtilmiştir.
İbn Meymûn İle Spinoza’nın Vahiy ve Nübüvvet Tasavvurlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: İlhan Kemal
Published: June 2023

Bu makale kapsamında, XII. yüzyılda yaşamış önemli Yahudi din âlimlerinden Musa bin Meymûn (öl. 601/1204) ile XVII. yüzyılda yaşamış olan ve düşünceleri neticesinde ateist olduğu suçlamasıyla yirmi dört yaşındayken aforoz edilip bağlı bulunduğu Yahudi cemaatinden kovulan Spinoza’nın (öl. 1088/1677) vahiy ve nübüvvet anlayışları ele alınmıştır. Spinoza, Teolojik-Politik İnceleme adlı eserinde, teolojinin felsefeden ayrılması gerekliliğini göstermek amacındadır. Spinoza’nın bu arzusu onu, İbn Meymûn’la ve onun temsil ettiği gelenekle karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Neticede Spinoza’nın vahiy ve nübüvvet konusunda İbn Meymûn’dan etkilendiği ve onunla bir hesaplaşmaya girdiği görülmektedir. Onun İbn Meymûn’dan hangi bakımdan etkilendiği ya da onunla nasıl bir hesaplaşmaya girdiği makalenin asıl konusunu teşkil etmektedir. Çalışmamız giriş, ana bölüm ve sonuç olarak üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde öncelikle vahiy kavramının ne ifade ettiğine ve hem İslam düşünürlerinin hem de İbn Meymûn’un beslendiği ana kaynak olması nedeniyle Platon ile Aristoteles’in kehanet ve rüya hakkındaki görüşlerine kısaca değinilmiştir. Ayrıca Spinoza’nın İbn Meymûn’dan etkilenmesi veya onunla hesaplaşmasının, İbn Meymûn’un da mensubu olduğu İslam filozoflarının temsil ettiği gelenekle alakalı olmasından dolayı giriş bölümünde, bazı İslam filozoflarının görüşlerine de ana hatlarıyla değinme gereği duyulmuştur. Bunu yaparken Müslüman filozofların ilklerinden ve en önemlilerinden kabul edilen Kindî (öl. 252/866?), Fârâbî (öl. 339/950) ve İbn Sinâ’nın (öl. 428/1037) düşüncelerine özlü şekilde değinilmesi yeterli görülmüştür. Bu arada tarihsel açıdan İbn Meymûn’la Spinoza arasında bir yerde duran diğer bir Yahudi filozof Levi ben Gershom’un (öl. 745/1344) fikirleri de kısaca ele alınmıştır. Bu filozofların düşüncelerinden yola çıkılarak vahyin mütehayyile kuvvetiyle, ayrıca rüya ve kehanetle ilgisi gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın asıl bölümünde ise öncelikle İbn Meymûn’un vahiy ve nübüvvet anlayışı incelenmiş, akabinde bu, Spinoza’nın vahiy ve nübüvvet anlayışıyla mukayese edilmiştir. İbn Meymûn’un nübüvvet anlayışı incelenirken yer yer İslam filozoflarından etkilendiği kısımlara değinilmiştir. Bu mukayesede bilhassa İbn Meymûn’un Delâletu’l-Hâirîn adlı eseriyle Spinoza’nın Teolojik-Politik İnceleme adlı eseri ana kaynaklar olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma neticesinde hem iki düşünürün teolojik yaklaşımının daha iyi anlaşılması hem de Aydınlanmanın müjdecilerinden biri sayılan Spinoza’nın eleştirel dahi olsa İbn Meymûn’a kadar uzanan düşünce kodları gösterilmek istenmiştir. İbn Meymûn’a kadar uzanan bu kodların aynı zamanda İslam düşünce dünyasına uzandığı da vurgulanmak istenmiştir. Bu makalede, konunun kapsamı iki düşünürün peygamber, vahiy ve vahyin oluşmasında rol alan enfüsi ve afaki etmeler ile vahyin dili yönündeki düşünceleriyle sınırlandırılmıştır. İki düşünürün teolojiye ait mucize gibi diğer görüşlerindeki farklılıklar ya da benzerlikler makalenin kapsamı dışında tutulmuştur.
جرائم الحرب الواقعة على الأشخاص والأموال
Authors: Djekaba Nadji
Published: June 2023

الحرب، بلا شك، تمثّل ساحة القتل والقتال والسعي لإضعاف طرف العدوّ. إلا أنّها ليست بأي حال من الأحوال مكانًا لاستحلال أي فعل؛ على الرغم من وجود قواعد الحرب وقوانينها التي تنظم سلوك المقاتلين، إلا أنّ هناك أفعالًا معينة تعتبر مجرمة ومحظورة حتى وإن وقعت في زمن الحرب. يطلق على هذه الأفعال مصطلح "جرائم الحرب"، وهي تندرج ضمن إطار القانون الدولي الإنساني. فعلى الرغم من عدم اعتماد الفقه الإسلامي على مصطلح "جرائم الحرب" بشكل صريح، إلا أنّ فكرتها ومضمونها متجذر في كتب الفقه الإسلامي، خاصة في أبواب الجهاد والسير، عند الكلام عن أخلاق الحرب وآدابها. يأتي هذا البحث ليسلّط الضوء على جهود الباحثين في إرساء مفهوم جرائم الحرب من ناحية فقهية، محاولا دراسة أهم أركان جريمة الحرب كونها جريمة دولية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك سيحاول هذا البحث تناول النصوص المؤسسة لتوجه الشريعة في تجريمها لبعض الأفعال والسلوكيات والتصرفات في أثناء القتال، وأبرز تلك الأفعال والسلوكيات المجرمة شرعا والمُدرجة كجريمة حرب يمكن ترتيب عقوبة عليها، فتنصّ الشريعة الإسلامية على أنّ المقاتل ليس حرًّا في ارتكاب أي فعل يريده خلال القتال، بل جعلت لذلك قواعد وضوابط حاكمة ومنظمة لسلوكه في إطار تنظيمها للحرب والنزاعات المسلحة. تضمّنت تلك القواعد الأخلاقية التي طوّرتها الشريعة الإسلامية تنظيمًا دقيقًا لسلوك المسلمين في الحروب والقتال، حيث فرّقت بين المقاتلين وغير المقاتلين في جواز الاستهداف وعدم الجواز، فجرّمت ومنعت استهداف فئات معينة من الأشخاص مثل المدنيين والجرحى وأضفت الحماية عليهم، وأدخلت في مسمّى المدنيين كل الفئات التي لا يصبّ مجهودها في العمليات الحربية مثل الأطفال والنساء وكبار السن وغيرهم. كما تضمّنت القواعد الشرعية التي وضعتها الشريعة الإسلامية حماية لأسرى الحرب، حيث تم تحديد وضعية خاصة لهم تضمن لهم الحماية والمعاملة الإنسانية، ومنعت تعذيبهم أو إكراههم على اعتناق الإسلام.
وتجدُر الإشارة إلى أنّ الشريعة الإسلامية لم تقتصر على تجريم استهداف الأفراد فحسب، بل نصّت أيضًا على تجريم استهداف الأموال والأعيان المدنية التي لا يستعملها العدو في الحرب، أو التي تكون كطرف محايد مثل المستشفيات ودور العبادة والأماكن التاريخية والأثرية.
ولعلّ التجربة التاريخية الإسلامية خلال الفترة النبوية وفترة الخلفاء الراشدين حين فتوحهم، وتاريخ المسلمين من بعدهم في الحروب يُعدُّ أبرز انعكاس على تلك القواعد الشرعية التي وضعتها الشريعة الإسلامية، فالتزم المسلمون في حروبهم بتلك القواعد فلم يعرف التاريخ حروبا أكثر إنسانية من حروب المسلمين.
Large-eddy simulation of a two-layer boundary-layer cloud system from the Arctic Ocean 2018 expedition
Authors: Bulatovic Ines , Savre Julien , Tjernström Michael , Leck Caroline , Ekman Annica M. L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Climate change is particularly noticeable in the Arctic. The most
common type of cloud at these latitudes is mixed-phase stratocumulus. These
clouds occur frequently and persistently during all seasons and play a
critical role in the Arctic energy budget. Previous observations in the
central (north of 80∘ N) Arctic have shown a high occurrence of
prolonged periods of a shallow, single-layer mixed-phase stratocumulus at
the top of the boundary layer (BL; altitudes ∼ 300 to 400 m).
However, recent observations from the summer of 2018 instead showed a
prevalence of a two-layer boundary-layer cloud system. Here we use
large-eddy simulation to examine the maintenance of one of the cloud systems
observed in the summer of 2018 and the sensitivity of the cloud
layers to different micro- and macro-scale parameters. We find that the
model generally reproduces the observed thermodynamic structure well, with
two near-neutrally stratified layers in the BL caused by a low cloud
(located within the first few hundred meters) capped by a lower-altitude
temperature inversion and an upper cloud layer (based around one kilometer
or slightly higher) capped by the main temperature inversion of the BL. The
simulated cloud structure is persistent unless there are low aerosol number
concentrations (≤ 5 cm−3), which cause the upper cloud layer to
dissipate, or high large-scale wind speeds (≥ 8.5 m s−1), which
erode the lower inversion and the related cloud layer. The changes in cloud
structure alter both the short- and longwave cloud radiative effect at the
surface. This results in changes in the net radiative effect of the modeled
cloud system, which can impact the surface melting or freezing. The findings
highlight the importance of better understanding and representing aerosol
sources and sinks over the central Arctic Ocean. Furthermore, they underline
the significance of meteorological parameters, such as the large-scale wind
speed, for maintaining the two-layer boundary-layer cloud structure
encountered in the lower atmosphere of the central Arctic.
Simulations of 7Be and 10Be with the GEOS-Chem global model v14.0.2 using state-of-the-art production rates
Authors: Zheng Minjie , Liu Hongyu , Adolphi Florian , Muscheler Raimund , Lu Zhengyao , Wu Mousong , Prisle Nønne L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The cosmogenic radionuclides 7Be and 10Be are useful aerosol tracers for atmospheric transport studies. Combining 7Be and 10Be measurements with an atmospheric transport model can not only improve our understanding of the radionuclide transport and deposition processes but also provide an evaluation of the transport process in the model. To simulate these aerosol tracers, it is critical to evaluate the influence of radionuclides production uncertainties on simulations. Here we use the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model driven by the MERRA-2 reanalysis to simulate 7Be and 10Be with different production scenarios: the default production rate in GEOS-Chem based on an empirical approach (denoted as LP67), and two production rates from the CRAC:Be (Cosmic Ray Atmospheric Cascade: Beryllium) model considering only geomagnetic cut-off rigidities for a geocentric axial dipole (denoted as P16) or realistic spatial geomagnetic cut-off rigidity variations due to non-dipole moments of the geomagnetic field (denoted as P16spa). The model results are comprehensively evaluated with a large number of measurements including surface air concentrations and deposition fluxes. The model with the P16spa production can reproduce the absolute values and temporal variability of 7Be and 10Be surface concentrations and deposition fluxes on annual and sub-annual scales, as well as the vertical profiles of air concentrations. Simulations with the LP67 production tend to overestimate the absolute values of 7Be and 10Be concentrations. The P16 simulations suggest less than 10 % differences compared to P16spa but tend to produce a significant positive bias (>20 %) in the 7Be deposition fluxes over East Asia. We find that the deposition fluxes are more sensitive to the production in the troposphere and downward transport from the stratosphere. Independent of the production models, surface air concentrations and deposition fluxes from all simulations show similar seasonal variations, suggesting a dominant meteorological influence. The model can also reasonably simulate the stratosphere-troposphere exchange process of 7Be and 10Be by producing stratospheric contribution and 10Be / 7Be ratio values that agree with measurements. Finally, we illustrate the importance of including the time-varying solar modulation in the production calculation, which can significantly improve the agreement between model results and measurements, especially at mid- and high- latitudes. Reduced uncertainties in the production rates, as demonstrated in this study, improve the utility of 7Be and 10Be as aerosol tracers for evaluating and testing transport and scavenging processes in global models.
RICHARD 1.0 – Routine for the Isolation of Chemical Hotspots in Atmospheric Research Data
Authors: Scharun Christian , Ruhnke Roland , Braesicke Peter
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Here, we introduce version 1.0 of the RICHARD algorithm, a Routine for the Isolation of Chemical Hotspots in Atmospheric Research Data, e.g. in satellite measurement datasets (level-2 and above) or atmospheric chemistry model output. The overall goal of the algorithm is to identify "hotspot" areas in which local enhancements of an atmospheric constituent can only occur due to strong local emissions. To detect hotspot areas, we use a mathematical method that combines spatiotemporal proxy data for calibration purposes and a selection algorithm in a novel way. For each input file family (e.g. the near surface mixing ratio or the tropospheric partial column of atmospheric constituents as a function of longitude and latitude) we define a structure quotient by which the algorithm decides - based on a threshold value - whether at a particular iteration step the hotspot area criteria are met and if they are kept for further calculations or not. The python based command line tool RICHARD 1.0 comes with a set of implemented features like an automated generator for user-defined patterns and an analysis tool to determine the optimal threshold value for a given dataset. For testing purposes of RICHARD 1.0, we use simulations of the atmosphere and chemistry modeling framework ICON-ART, a joint development of the German Weather Service and Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg. We comprehensively explore different aspects of RICHARD using ICON-ART model output datasets. We provide an analysis of the decision making process coded in RICHARD, and provide a detailed look at the competing effects of emissions and advection. Here, we also consider the direction and speed of the wind that affect the advection of prescribed (and thus known) emissions in the model and look at the resulting tracer mixing ratios as to evaluate the sensitivity of the algorithm and its ability to identify objectively hotspots of strong emissions, based on the self-determined threshold values. The results show that RICHARD can identify frequently (or continuously) emitting localised sources as hotspots. Furthermore, the algorithm is able to distinguish between an actual emission source and other circumstances that lead to enhanced tracer concentrations, e.g. as caused by wind conditions and associated transport processes. In addition, the in ICON-ART prescribed emission source strengths are detected and quantified regardless of overlying transport features with only a small error of about 5 %. This increases significantly the accuracy of determined source strengths compared to other methods that we have explored. RICHARD 1.0 is a novel comprehensive tool for the identification and quantification of emission hotspots and uses a novel workflow that includes spatiotemporal proxy data as well as a selection algorithm. Here, we present a model-based proof of concept that is already fully transferable to applications using satellite measurement data.
3D SCANNING FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE: THE CASE OF AMRIT (SYRIA) 3D
Authors: Montesanto M. , Carletti M. , Alvaro C. , Pucci M. , Saad H.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The archaeological area of Amrit (350 ha) is located on the Syrian coastal region of Tartus and is known since the 18th century CE, due to its imposing archaeological remains dated to the first millennium BCE and to the Roman period. It was listed in the UNESCO tentative list in 2005.Since 2022, the University of Firenze (SAGAS) in collaboration with the CNR-ISPC and the DGAM-Syria, conducts a project that aims towards the documentation, restoration, public display, and community involvement of the archaeological site of Amrit, after more than 10 years of conflict and a still ongoing economic and social instability.Aim of this paper is to present the first results of the 3D survey at the site carried out in September 2022. This survey, conducted by archaeologists, aimed at obtaining a detailed documentation of the monumental structures on the site, to assess their state of preservation as of 2022, and to record the decay process of previous restorations and facilitate the planning for the archaeological park. The rapidity of acquiring data and the precision of this technique is obviously of great advantage in difficult contexts such as is Syria, where power cuts are systematic and there is a need of acquiring as much as data as possible in a limited time. This specific activity aims also at showing that archaeologists can acquire technological skills and gather specific knowledge to obtain the best possible results when dealing with damage assessment of heritage during and after a conflict.
ACCURACY EVALUATION OF SMARTPHONE-BASED VIDEOGRAMMETRY FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION PROCESS
Authors: Musicco A. , Rossi N. , Verdoscia C.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The last decade has seen the development of a growing tendency to use the most modern technologies, in the field of Cultural Heritage, with the aim of digitizing and facilitating protection and conservation activities. Much research has focused on the development of innovative methods such as photogrammetry or Terrestrial Laser Scanners, in terms of reliability, precision, time and costs. In this research, however, the use of the smartphone was investigated by comparing the point clouds obtained via videogrammetry from smartphones, with those generated by different digital survey techniques, such as Terrestrial Laser Scanners and photogrammetry via SLR camera. Specifically, a smartphone was used and the comparison between point clouds was conducted based on four criteria: point clouds fitting, density evaluation, profiling and texture quality with the aim, therefore, of verifying the geometric reliability of the data and the quality of polygonal lines and the mesh/texture derived. The case study selected was the sepulchral monument of the Pascopepe Lambertini family (14th century), located in the Crypt of Santa Maria della Scala, the Cathedral of Trani (South of Italy). Finally, the research demonstrates how this methodology, in the documentation of heritage, allows for even greater portability and accessibility compared to other methodologies, maintaining widely acceptable standards of accuracy and therefore going to constitute a valid alternative in the documentation of historical heritage.
A MULTI-SENSOR APPROACH TO SURVEY COMPLEX ARCHITECTURES SUPPORTED BY MULTI-CAMERA PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Perfetti L. , Spettu F. , Achille C. , Fassi F. , Navillod C. , Cerutti C.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Point clouds are nowadays a standard format of three-dimensional data. Various survey techniques are available, differing in characteristics, mode of use, and target applications, nevertheless producing point clouds that are similar, comparable, and combinable. According to recent literature, combining data from multiple sensors is an established practice for large surveying projects, particularly in Cultural Heritage, where the geometric complexity of buildings encourages the employment of many sensors. This paper presents a multi-sensor approach to surveying complex architectural spaces. The case study is the Cathedral of Aosta (AO) in Italy, which is interested in a conservation project that requires investigating the two bell towers of the cathedral. The survey aimed to produce a point cloud of 5 mm resolution and 1–2 cm accuracy compatible with the 1:50 scale of representation. The following survey techniques were employed: (i) laser scanning, (ii) terrestrial photogrammetry, (iii) UAV photogrammetry, and (iv) multi-camera fisheye photogrammetry. The distinctive feature of our approach lies in the multi-camera survey, conducted using a prototype composed of five fisheye cameras. The paper describes the data acquisition phase conducted with the different techniques, the mutual verification of the data performed by cross-sections check, the segmentation, and the final assembly of the various portions until a complete point cloud with homogeneous characteristics is obtained. All the data were then collected in a web platform (FlyVast) enriched with data and info made available to the professional to plan future interventions.
DIGITISATION OF RETREATING INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE; MODELLING THE DECOMMISSIONING OF THE COAL WASHERIES OF ONLLWYN
Authors: Prizeman O. E. C. , Davis J. , Tam L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Digitisation for the purposes of recording cultural heritage and its condition is conventionally associated with the task of documentation for conservation. Occasionally emergency recording will anticipate the potential imminent destruction of heritage at risk. By contrast here, although the heritage status of the site whilst proposed in the 1990s, it was never secured yet the closure and eventual dismemberment of the buildings is a plan that is already underway. The coal washeries of Onllwyn sit within a vast landscape that is now most widely recognised as a National Park. During the last century, however, it was a thriving industrial site. The assembly of buildings used to wash and sort coal prior to distribution were recorded using a terrestrial laser scanner and an aerial drone in August 2022 shortly prior to the closure of a site that had been part of a changing industrial landscape since the mid-nineteenth century. As part of a wide agreement to build a historic narrative for a once large industrial site with a planned closure a comprehensive historical review has been built. This included the acquisition of historic maps but also of numerous historical aerial and terrestrial photographs as well as the collation of films and oral histories. Here pointclouds generated from terrestrial laser scans, photogrammetry from drone imagery and photogrammetry from historical aerial images have been combined in an attempt to create a navigable digital backdrop to the decommissioning of a vast industrial landscape as it anticipates a new future. The aim of the models created is to provide a virtual spatial platform to co-locate memories of a community life that is left centred around a lost place of work.