bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Missplicing due to a synonymous, T96= exonic substitution in the T-box transcription factor TBX19 resulting in isolated ACTH deficiency
Authors: Maudhoo Ashwini , Maharaj Avinaash , Buonocore Federica , Martos-Moreno Gabriel Angel , Argente Jesús , Achermann John C , Chan Li F , Metherell Lou A
Published: October 2021

Congenital isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) is a rare condition characterised by low plasma ACTH and serum cortisol with normal production of other pituitary hormones. TBX19 (also known as TPIT) is a T-box pituitary restricted transcription factor important for POMC gene transcription and terminal differentiation of POMC-expressing cells. TBX19 gene mutations have been shown to cause neonatal-onset congenital IAD. We report a neonate of Romanian origin, who presented at 15 h of life with respiratory arrest and hypoglycaemia which recurred over the following 2 weeks. Biochemical investigations revealed IAD, with undetectable serum cortisol (cortisol < 1 μg/dL; normal range (NR): 7.8–26.2) and plasma ACTH levels within the normal range (22.1 pg/mL; NR: 4.7–48.8). He responded to hydrocortisone treatment. Patient DNA was analysed by a HaloPlex next-generation sequencing array targeting genes for adrenal insufficiency. A novel homozygous synonymous mutation p.Thr96= (Chr1:168260482; c.288G>A; rs376493164; allele frequency 1 × 10−5, no homozygous) was found in exon 2 of the TBX19 gene. The effect of this was assessed by an in vitro splicing assay, which revealed aberrant splicing of exon 2 giving rise to a mutant mRNA transcript whereas the WT vector spliced exon 2 normally. This was identified as the likely cause of IAD in the patient. The predicted protein product would be non-functional in keeping with the complete loss of cortisol production and early presentation in the patient.

Learning points

Synonymous variants (a nucleotide change that does not alter protein sequence) usually thought to be benign may still have detrimental effects on RNA and protein function causing disease. Hence, they should not be ignored, especially if very rare in public databases.

In vitro splicing assays can be employed to characterise the consequence of intronic and exonic nucleotide gene changes that may alter splicing.

Establishing a diagnosis due to a TBX19 mutation is important as it defines a condition of isolated ACTH deficiency not associated with additional pituitary deficiencies.
The Importance of Ethics in Communication Toward Children: An Islamic Overview
Authors: Djamdjuri Dewi Suriyani , Holisah Fadia
Published: October 2021

The concept of communication is not only related to the problem of how to speak effectively but also the ethics of speaking. Since entering the reform era, the Indonesian people have been in an atmosphere of euphoria, free to talk about anything, to anyone, in any way. Al-Qur'an mentions communication as one of human nature, hence, it is importance to understand how important to communicate in good manner, especially toward children, as we know that children learn a lot from what they see, hear and imitate. To find out how humans should communicate, Qur'an provides keywords related to this. The researchers conducted literature review from some related research articles discussing the importance of this issue. The commandment stated in Quran and hadith are indication of the obligation for Muslims to apply the nature of honesty and correct speech in which it is known as qaulansadidan. A person's success is not determined by intelligence only but also emotion. To accomplish, communication ethics are really important to be sophisticated toward children. Educate the children with good daily communication ethics affects their life and facilitate them to achieve genuine success.
Enhanching Student’s Memorization Skill of Holy Qur’an Trough the Integrated Tahfidz Program Implementation in Post Pandemic Context
Authors: Supendi Pepen , Kurniawati Nia , Sofyan Muhammad , Mulyana Kresna Dewi
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper implementation of the tahfiz program in MI Terpadu Ar-Rifqi Cileunyi district for the 2020/2021 academic year; Inhibitor and backups of the tahfiz program in MI Terpadu Ar-Rifqi Cileunyi district  for the 2020/2021 academic year; Tahfiz program effectiveness in improving rote at the MI Terpadu Ar-Rifqi Cileunyi district for the 2020/2021 academic year. The study involves a qualitative approach with a type of case study. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. Data is obtained from observation, interview and documentation and then analyzed by data reductin, data display and conclusions drawing nad verification. Studies have found that include the tahfiz program goals, teachers tahfiz, tahfiz materials, tahfiz methods, memorizing the Qur’an color block, talaqqi and muraja’ah, an evaluation of daily, weekly and semester assessments and the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the tahfiz program at the MI Terpadu Ar-Rifqi. Of the increased aspects of surah that memorized by learners, the effectiveness of tahfiz programs falls into highly effective categories. According to the tahfiz materials, the effectiveness of tahfiz programs is highly ineffective.
Analisis Sistem Pembelajaran Tematik Sekolah Dasar (Studi Kasus Pada MIN Toweren Kabupaten Aceh Tengah)
Authors: Gemasih Husna , Wahyunita Laili
Published: October 2021

The learning system is the most important role in education. MIN Toweren Aceh Tengah has a problem in the thematic learning system. Students have poor learning motivation in class. Analysis of the learning system at MIN Toweren was carried out to find its weaknesses. With the PISCES analysis method, the current performance of the learning system is the main source of problems. The results of the analysis are the basis for consideration for improvements in the learning system. The results of this study provide a solution for the development of a digital-based learning system in grade 1 mathematics thematic lessons at MIN Toweren. From the evaluation carried out on the implementation of this digital learning system, students are considered to be more motivated in learning.
Improved shrinkage estimators in zero-inflated negative binomial regression model
Authors: ZANDİ Zahra , BEVRANİ‎ Hossein , ARABİ Reza
Published: October 2021

‎Zero-inflated negative binomial model is an appropriate choice to model count response variables with excessive zeros and over-dispersion simultaneously. ‎This paper addressed parameter estimation in the zero-inflated negative binomial model when there are many parameters, ‎so that some of them have not influence on the response variable. ‎We proposed parameter estimation based on the linear shrinkage, ‎pretest, ‎shrinkage pretest, ‎Stein-type, ‎and positive Stein-type estimators. ‎We obtained the asymptotic distributional biases and risks of the suggested estimators theoretically. ‎‎We also conducted a Monte Carlo simulation study ‎to compare the performance of each estimator with the unrestricted estimator using simulated relative efficiency (SRE) criterion.‎‎ ‎The results reveal that the SREs of proposed estimators are higher than the unrestricted estimator. ‎The suggested estimators were applied to the wildlife fish data to appraise their performance.
Secure Real-Time Computational Intelligence System Against Malicious QR Code Links
Authors: Wahsheh Heider A. M. , Al-Zahrani Mohammed S.
Published: October 2021

Web attackers aim to propagate malicious links using various techniques to deceive users. They attempt to control victims’ devices or obtain their passwords remotely, thereby acquiring access to bank accounts, financial transactions, or private and sensitive information they trade via the Internet. QR codes are accessible, free, easy to use, and can be scanned through several free apps on smartphones. As there is no standard structure or authentication phase in QR code generation, such codes are vulnerable to suspicious online content embedding, i.e., phishing, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), and malware. Many studies have highlighted the attacks that may be perpetrated using barcodes, and there are some security countermeasures. Several of these solutions are limited to malicious link detection methods or require knowledge of cryptographic techniques. This study’s main objective is to detect malicious URLs embedded in QR codes. A dataset of 90 000 benign and malicious URLs was collected from various resources, and their lexical properties were extracted. Two computational intelligence models, fuzzy logic and multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), were applied and compared. An MLP-ANN was identified as the best classifier for detecting malicious URLs, and a proactive, secure, real-time computational intelligence barcode scanner implementation (BarCI ) against malicious QR code links was proposed based on this classifier. The results demonstrate that this approach enables efficient real-time attack detection with 82.9% accuracy
Regression Loss in Transformer-based Supervised Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Li Dongxing , Luo Zuying
Published: October 2021

Transformer-based model has achieved human-level performance in supervised neural machine translation (SNMT), much better than the models based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or convolutional neural network (CNN). The original Transformer-based model is trained through maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), which regards the machine translation task as a multilabel classification problem and takes the sum of the cross entropy loss of all the target tokens as the loss function. However, this model assumes that token generation is partially independent, without realizing that tokens are the components of a sequence. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a semantic regression loss for Transformer training, treating the generated sequence as a global. Upon finding that the semantic difference is proportional to candidate-reference distance, the authors considered the machine translation problem as a multi-task problem, and took the linear combination of cross entropy loss and semantic regression loss as the overall loss function. The semantic regression loss was proved to significantly enhance SNMT performance, with a slight reduction in convergence speed.
Entropic Explanation of Power Set
Authors: Song Yutong , Deng Yong
Published: October 2021

A power set of a set S is defined as the set of all subsets of S, including set S itself and empty set, denoted as P(S) or 2S. Given a finite set S with |S|=n hypothesis, one property of power set is that the amount of subsets of S is |P(S)| = 2n.  However, the physica meaning of power set needs exploration. To address this issue, a possible explanation of power set is proposed in this paper. A power set of n events can be seen as all possible k-combination, where k ranges from 0 to n. It means the power set extends the event space in probability theory into all possible combination of the single basic event. From the view of power set, all subsets or all combination of basic events, are created equal. These subsets are assigned with the mass function, whose uncertainty can be measured by Deng entropy. The relationship between combinatorial number, Pascal's triangle and power set is revealed by Deng entropy quantitively from the view of information measure.
iEEG based Epileptic Seizure Detection using Reconstruction Independent Component Analysis and Long Short Term Memory Network
Authors: Hirald Dwaraka Praveena , C. Subhas , K. Rama Naidu
Published: October 2021

In recent decades, an epileptic seizure is a neurological disorder, which is commonly detected from intracranial Electroencephalogram (iEEG) signals. However, the visual interpretation and inspection of iEEG signal is subjective variability, a time-consuming mechanism, slow and vulnerable to errors. In this research article, an automated epileptic seizure detection model is proposed to highlight the above-mentioned concerns. The proposed automated model integrates the Reconstruction Independent Component Analysis (RICA) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) for seizure detection. In the proposed model, RICA is utilized to extract the features from the normalized iEEG signals, and then the obtained feature vectors are fed to the LSTM network for classification, which effectively classifies inter-ictal and ictal iEEG signals. This experimental outcome showed that the proposed RICA-LSTM model achieved an accuracy of 98.92%, sensitivity of 99.01%, specificity of 98.68%, balanced accuracy of 99.24%, and f-score of 98.25% in epileptic seizure recognition on the SWEC-ETHZ iEEG database, which is better compared to the conventional machine learning classifiers.
A Copernican Turn of the View of the Disabled Through Suwun (Choi Jae-woo)’s “Bulyeon-Giyeon (不然其然)”
Authors: Park Hyunil ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: October 2021

This study discusses a new perspective on the disabled, based on Choi Suwun’s idea, “Bulyeon-Giyeon (不然其然)”. The method and contents of this study conceptualize the idea of the “Bulyeon-Giyeon (不然其然)” world, and establish a perspective on the disabled based on the idea of “we”. The study examines concepts through Suwun’s idea (“Bulyeon-Giyeon (不然其然)”) that disability is a natural form of human life, and not a special situation caused mainly by the realm of God, by critically approaching the Christian philosophy on the disabled originating from religious viewpoints and which have had a great influence on people’s general perspectives toward the disabled. In addition, based on a material-oriented system and its constancy, the Western view of the disabled has continued to repeat the meaningless and mechanical repetition of the integration and separation of the disabled in the world. In order to change such a Western traditional approach, this research suggests a new perspective, counteracting the point of view of Westerners toward the disabled, and focusing on Lao-tzu’s thinking and a traditional flow of Josen’s Confucianism.
Study of the Technical Adequacy of Transition Competency Assessment for High School Students with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Song Seungmin , Park Heechan , Kim Rahkyung , Choi Minsik ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify the distribution normality, validity, and reliability of the Transition Competency Assessment for high school students with developmental disabilities in order to examine its technical adequacy. Using a stratified multi-stage sampling(regions, school type, types of disability, and gender), the participants are 1,003 students with disabilities and a total of 900 responses were analyzed. As for the results, first, the questionnaires of the Transition Competency Assessment showed that the absolute value of skewness was in the range of 0.26 to 0.72, and the absolute value of kurtosis was in the range of 0.10 to 1.11, indicating very good normality. Second, we confirmed that CFI, IFI, and NFI values were 0.92, and SMC values were between 0.62 to 0.91, thus securing feasibility for each area and sub-areas. There were significant statistical differences between the groups in the school type and the type of disability. Third, the reliability of the Transition Competency Assessment questionnaires and the test-retest reliability verification result of Cronbach’s α value was 0.99. The area of reliability coefficient was 0.98∼0.99 and the sub-area of reliability coefficient was found to be statistically suitable with a range of 0.95∼0.98.
“Pasar las cosas por el cuerpo siempre es distinto a ponerlo en palabras ¿no?”: educación en salud, interculturalidad y teatro del oprimido
Authors: Garelli Fernando , Mateyca Celeste , Mordeglia Cecilia , Cordero Silvina
Published: October 2021

Resumen Presentamos la sistematización de una experiencia de formación docente en ejercicio desarrollada en 2018-2019, articulando la Educación en Salud y la Interculturalidad crítica extendida, a través del Teatro del Oprimido. A partir del análisis de un caso real, lxs participantes crearon con sus propios cuerpos imágenes que representaban diferentes situaciones de opresión, para ser analizadas e intervenidas colectivamente. Focalizamos la sistematización en tres ejes: saberes, posicionamientos y reflexiones sobre Salud e Interculturalidad; lo ocurrido al poner el cuerpo y los sentimientos en juego; y al intervenir las imágenes, habilitando la reflexión sobre las posibilidades de transformación de la realidad. La sistematización nos permitió reconocer que el Teatro Imagen implicó un proceso de aprendizaje desarrollado en la propia práctica, que posibilitó explicitar múltiples posturas, incluyendo las políticamente incorrectas. Destacamos la riqueza de dispositivos que habiliten la dimensión de la transformación de la realidad en temáticas como Salud e Interculturalidad.
Thinking and acting ‘outside the box’: digital game and production of pedagogical affectations in teacher training
Authors: Lima Marcio Roberto de , Nascimento Silvania Sousa do
Published: October 2021

Abstract In this article we track the effects of incorporating digital games to the initial teachers training in Physics during a course at a Brazilian public university. To this purpose, we used the production of empirical data from field observations and the preparation of reports by students during our Research-Action. We systematized our sources of information using open coding in the ATLAS.ti software and this result was discussed under the contributions of the Actor-Network Theory of Bruno Latour and collaborators. In our analysis, we identified the affectation of the pedagogical meanings of future teachers related to digital games and their incorporation into a proposal for teaching Physics.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF CONTROL ROD DRIVE MOTOR TYPE MAGNETIC JACK FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Authors: Muslimu Fahmi Alfa
Published: October 2021

The Control Rod Drive Motor (CRDM) controls the reactor power of a G.A Siwabessy and automatically shuts it down during an emergency using a three-phase motor that drives a ball-nut spindle attached to the magnetic SCRAM through the transmission gear. However, there are several weaknesses associated with this design, such as the inability of the ball nut to rotate when a disturbance occurs at the motor limit switch continuously. This causes the threads on the control rod shaft to wear out due to friction and release from the holder. Therefore, this research aims to develop a CRDM with a magnetic jack for a nuclear plant, which moves the extension shaft and the control rod components vertically and linearly. The control rod's motor must pull, insert, hold, or drop it from any point. This conceptual design is the first step in determining prototyping design criteria with a magnetic jack to understand the working mechanism. The control rod gripping motion simulation was also presented using ANSYS Rigid Dynamics to reduce the failure at the design phase before prototyping. The simulation results showed no collision on each component capable of affecting the overall system performance. Therefore, the control rod motor functions properly in carrying out the pulling and lowering movements on 19.1 mm infrequency.
THE VERIFICATION OF THE RSG-GAS REACTOR COOLING TOWER HEAT TRANSFER CAPACITY
Authors: Hakim Abdul Aziz Rohman
Published: October 2021

The RSG-GAS reactor has been replaced and the technical specifications for the new cooling tower specify that the heat transfer capacity from the secondary cooling water to the environment is 5500 kW per module. Therefore, this study aims to verify the theoretical calculations of the heat transfer capacity using performance test data collected on the 30 MW power operation on December 20, 2018, such as the temperature of the primary and secondary coolant entering and exiting the cooling tower, wet bulb, and environmental dry bulb temperature, as well as the inlet and outlet air temperature. Furthermore, the data were used to calculate the heat transfer capacity from the secondary cooling water to the environment. The results showed that each cell of the RSG-GAS cooling tower reactor transfers the heat of approximately 5528.52 kW. This value is consistent with the technical specifications written in the revised RSG-GAS Safety Analysis Report 11.
Marquis de Sade, l’Empire et l’empire des métaphores : des Maudits aux quills et les autres plumes
Authors: Vukušić Zorica Maja
Published: October 2021

Le titre, délibérément ambivalent, annonce que l’analyse va procéder à deux temps : en premier lieu, partir du lien entre les dernières années de la vie1 de Marquis de Sade, qui meurt à Charenton le 2 décembre 1814, et la période de l’Empire. Dans une société marquée par la censure, il établit paradoxalement, au sein d’une maison de fou, un empire, celui de la liberté des passions sous l’égide du théâtre écrit, créé et mis en scène. De ce rapport entre l’asile et le théâtre, qui sous-entend le « pouvoir psychiatrique » foucauldien, dans cet empire des passions, naît une certaine scène, dans le sens ranciérien du terme, scène de la métaphorisation contemporaine. A l’effondrement du modèle de la théâtralité spécifique du roman libertin correspond ici l’interprétation de Sade de l’écrivain croate Ivo Brešan dans son roman Prokletnici (Les Maudits), à travers la métaphore de la société croate en transition, et celle, américaine, de la pièce de théâtre de Doug Wright, Quills (Plumes) et sa métaphore de l’écriture. Le bilan est vacillant.
Jeu et désespoir : l’écriture chez Nietzsche et Kafka
Authors: Duclos Anne
Published: October 2021

Chez Nietzsche comme chez Kafka, l’écriture est un acte et une expérience avant d’être une production linguistique et conceptuelle. Le parallèle entre les deux auteurs se justifie par le fait que chacun est comme en miroir de l’autre, exprimant un même rapport à l’écriture mais toujours en négatif l’un de l’autre. Ainsi, l’écriture philosophique de Nietzsche est remarquable par son caractère littéraire, quand l’écriture littéraire de Kafka est d’une abstraction toute philosophique. Travail du corps autant que de la pensée, chez les deux auteurs, l’écriture se joue selon trois mouvements, celui de la coïncidence, celui de la distance et celui de la dissolution. Le paradoxe cruel est que l’écriture implique à la fois la coïncidence et la distance avec soi-même. Ce sont précisément ces mouvements parfois antithétiques qui expliquent que l’acte d’écrire soit pour Nietzsche le lieu essentiel de l’expérience philosophique, non pas la mise en forme d’idées et de concepts mais leur manifestation vivante. Dans ce rapport complexe entre l’écriture et la pensée, la pensée prend forme à la fois dans la langue et malgré la langue, ambiguïté qui se retrouve dans le statut qu’occupe la métaphore, point de départ pour Nietzsche et contre-modèle pour Kafka.
Circulation of Capital in Great Expectations
Authors: Knežević Borislav
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the theme of acquisition and circulation of capital in Charles Dickens’s novel Great Expectations. The analysis proceeds from an observation that the novel is not centrally concerned with representing the processes of production of wealth, as it is about the circulation of social and economic capital. The protagonist of the novel entertains a specific notion of social mobility (his great expectations), which he eventually renounces, and develops a common middle-class idea of the centrality of hard work to the accumulation of wealth. However, by examining the construction of the protagonist’s relationship to wealth, as well as the construction of the circulation of wealth in the narrative, the article suggests that the novel questions its declarative ideology by placing a great deal of emphasis on the various ways in which transfers of money enable the creation of social and economic capital for the characters in the novel.
Nuclear isolation and sequencing for mouse hypothalamus v1
Authors: Sophia Liang Zhengzheng , Vaughn Eric , Bambah-Mukku Dhananjay , Dulac Catherine
Published: October 2021

This protocol is intended for isolation of nuclei from fresh brain tissue in preparation for single-nuclei sequencing library using Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Kits v2 or v3 (10X Genomics). For each step, tissue and reagents were kept on ice or at 4C, to reduce unwanted gene expression due to procedures and maintain nuclear integrity.
LITERATURE REVIEW: SELF AWARENESS OF BADUY NONOMAN
Authors: Hakim Ibrahim Al , Khairun Deasy Yunika
Published: October 2021

This article aims to describe the self-awareness of Baduy nonoman (adolescents). This article uses a literature review method. Literature is obtained from various articles. The analysis unit in this article is written documents about self-awareness research in the form of journal articles and research reports through an online journal database. "Self-awareness" and "nonoman-baduy" are used as keywords in the search for articles. The article is reviewed and analyzed to explain the self-awareness of Baduy nonoman. The results of the study indicate that the self-awareness of Baduy nonoman is the result of their view of life that is rooted in Sunda Wiwitan. This article contains a description of the career commitments of students in Baduy subculture.
COMPASSION CHARACTER IN MULTITHEORY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Chairunnisa Vinda
Published: October 2021

This study aims to describe the concept of compassion character which was analyzed based on the perspective theory by Krstin D. Neff, Paul Gilbert, and Elisha Goldstein. This analysis was intended to produce a synthesis formula that comprehensively includes definition, essence, aspect, and indicators of compassion character. This study applied for a literature review with a descriptive analysis technique. The function of this analysis result is as the basis for designing instruments to measure the compassion character more comprehensively and following the Indonesian context.
TOLERANCE IN MADRASAH STUDENTS BASED ON RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION AFFILIATES
Authors: Septian Muhammad Rezza , Budiman Arip
Published: October 2021

This article contains a description of tolerance in students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Cimahi. The method used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Data collection using tolerance instruments. The research sample consisted of 120 students of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Cimahi and 64 students identified who were affiliated with Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah religious organizations. The results of this study are first that the tolerance of students at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Cimahi is in the high category. Second, profiles of the aspect of tolerance consist of aspects of equality, respect for differences, and peace. Third, the results of the t-test indicate that there is no significant difference in the tolerance of students who are affiliated with the religious organizations of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. The results of this study can be used as consideration for developing peace counseling and developing multicultural guidance and counseling program in Madrasah.
OVERVIEW OF THE LIFE PHILOSOPHY OF THE SUNDANESE PEOPLE AGAINST THE CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE OF STUDENTS IN EAST PRIANGAN
Authors: Nugraha Agung , Sulistiana Dewang , Muslim Ajid
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to obtain a real picture of the cultural intelligence of students in East Priangan and analyze it from the point of view of the dynamics of individual development and the philosophy of life of the Sundanese ethnic community. This study uses a quantitative approach and uses a descriptive method. Collecting data using a questionnaire to reveal the level of cultural intelligence of students which is then analyzed conceptually and empirically from the point of view of the dynamics of human development. The results showed that the achievement of cultural intelligence of students in East Priangan was above the average. The empirical results indicate that the psychophysical efforts of students to be able to adapt effectively and normatively in a higher education environment are close to optimal. This condition was determined by the real embodiment of the mandates contained in several Sundanese ethnic heritage texts from generation to generation both in thinking, feeling, and behaving.
Intervention of Hydration Protocol on Strength, Endurance, and Muscle Power Performance
Authors: Ramadhan Wahyu Syahrul , Lubis Leonardo , Oktavia Nandina , Womsiwor Daniel , Tarigan Beltasar
Published: October 2021

Water is a molecule that plays an essential role in the muscle contraction process because muscle is a tissue that mostly contains water (75-80%). Therefore, athletes need to maintain fluid intake to support their physical activities when competing and when training. Nevertheless, in several studies, it was noted that some athletes experienced hypohydration or dehydration, which ultimately impaired muscle performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the hydration protocol intervention on muscle strength, endurance, and power performance. This research is an analytical study with quasi-experimental research methods, namely single-arm pre-post study design using secondary data. Subjects of this study were 69 athletes year 2020 (named consecutively: Muaythai 9, Pencak silat 12, wrestling 10, judo 18, and taekwondo 20 athletes). This research was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020. In the beginning, all athletes were tested for muscle strength using a leg dynamometer, then muscle endurance tests using push-up and sit-up tests, and muscle power tests using the triple hop test of the right and left legs. After the first test, all athletes were educated about the hydration protocol. The hydration protocol was determined based on each athlete's sweat rate (ISR) and the training characteristics of each sports division. Then, all athletes underwent the training for two months. After that, the same tests were performed. The result showed that hydration protocol influenced the performance of muscle strength, endurance, and power. Therefore, the hydration protocol is influential in maintaining a good hydration status in athletes so that the athlete does not experience hypohydration which will later impair the athlete's muscle performance. Therefore, it is crucial to apply hydration protocols individually according to the training program (volume of training), not only in martial arts sports but in all sports.
The Effect of Physical Exercise on Depression in Menopausal Women
Authors: Fitriana Lisna Anisa , Nasution Lina Anisa , Darmawati Irma , Setyarini Elizabeth Ari
Published: October 2021

Mood disorders are a frequent complaint experienced by women during menopause due to hormonal changes. Physical exercise is known to reduce depression, but research on menopausal women is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physical exercise on depression in menopausal women. The study design used was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test for 16 weeks. The measuring instrument used was a GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale). The research subjects consisted of 34 menopausal women aged 45-65 years. Subjects were divided into two groups, including the physical exercise group (2x90 minutes/week, n=17) and the control group (n=17). The results showed that physical exercise significantly decreased depression (p=0.013) in the physical exercise group compared to the control group. It concludes that regular exercise is effective for preventing and treating mood disorders that occur when menopause.
Sport Massage Dan Waktu Recovery Asam Laktat Pada Atlit Softball
Authors: Haryono Tono , Darajat Jajat , Rusdiana Agus , Salman S , Gumilar Agus
Published: October 2021

Various factors causing fatigue in athletes include an increase of lactic acid in muscles. According to the movement patterns of softball athletes, the energy source comes from the Lactaid anaerobic metabolism. Therefore, it is necessary to know the elimination of lactic acid in muscles, reflecting the decrease of lactic acid in the blood. This study aimed to determine the recovery time of lactic acid levels after exercise in 0 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 20 minutes. Accutrend Lactacid measured softball athlete lactic acid levels. The method used in this study was an experimental method with One-Shot Case Study research design, while the research subjects were randomly assigned from the viable softball athlete population in the Student Activity Unit. The samples included 12 athletes. Data analysis employed t-test paired scores with significance p ≤ 0.05 using SPSS V. 20.0 software. The results showed that the lactic acid levels returned to normal, namely the level of 2.79 mMol/L, at 20 minutes of rest. It concludes that that lactic acid levels of softball athletes increased after the start of training, decreased after 5 minutes of rest, and returned to normal in 20 minutes of rest.
EFEKTIFITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASE LEARNING DALAM KONTEKS BLEDED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN PENCAK SILAT MAHASISWA
Authors: Suwiwa I Gede
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to improve the student knowledge and skills in Pencak Silat by applying project-based learning on a blended learning basis. The research method used was the experimental research method. The design of this study was quasi-experimental by involving a control group and an experimental group. The participants of the study involved 60 students of Universitas Ganesha selected using a random sampling technique. The data in the study were collected by utilizing a questionnaire. Data processing was carried out using Paired Sample T-test method. The result showed that the project-based learning model on a blended learning basis could improve the student knowledge and skills in the Pencak Silat learning process. It can be seen from the increase that occurred in the control and experimental classes. Thus, learning Pencak Silat through Project-Based Learning on a blended learning basis can be used as an alternative to improve student knowledge and skills in Pencak Silat.
Inertial sensors-determined match characteristics that serve as predictors of elite, male badminton players’ performance levels
Authors: Abdullahi Yahaya , Coetzee Ben
Published: October 2021

The study's purpose was to establish the inertial sensors-containing device (ISCD)-determined match characteristics that predict elite, male badminton players’ performance levels. Twenty-two (22) male single players (aged: 23.39 ± 3.92 years), who represented 10 African countries, participated in the study. Players were categorized as successful and less-successful players according to the results of five championships during two seasons. ISCD units (Catapult MinimaxV4), Polar Heart Rate Transmitter Belts, and digital video cameras were used to collect match data. ISCD-determined variables were corrected for match duration, and independent t-tests, cluster analysis, and a binary forward stepwise logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. A Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROCC) indicated the validity of the group classification model. High-intensity accelerations per second were identified as the only ISCD-determined variable that showed a significant difference (p = 0.05) between groups. Furthermore, only high-intensity accelerations per second (p = 0.03) and low-intensity efforts per second (p = 0.04) were identified as significant predictors of group classification, with 76.88% of players that could be classified back into their original groups by making use of the ISCD-based logistic regression formula. The ROCC showed a value of 0.87. The identification of the last-mentioned ISCD-determined variables for the attainment of badminton performances emphasizes the importance of using badminton drills and conditioning techniques to improve not only the physical fitness levels of players but also their ability to accelerate at high intensities.
Editorial Board and Guidelines for the Authors
Authors: MIMBARDIK Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan(Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies)This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. Bandung, Indonesia: March 30, 2017.Prof. Dr. Didi SukyadiEditor-in-Chief of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and Vice Rector IV UPI in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Info-edu-tainment of MIMBARDIK Journal, Issue of September 2017
Authors: MIMBARDIK Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. Bandung, Indonesia: September 30, 2017.Andi SUWIRTAAssociate Editor of the MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Contents and Forewords of the MIMBARDIK Journal, Issue of September 2017
Authors: MIMBARDIK Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. Bandung, Indonesia: September 30, 2017.Prof. Dr. H.R. Asep KadarohmanHonorable Patron of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal and Rector of UPI in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Editors and Guidelines for the Authors, MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal, Issue of September 2018
Authors: Mimbar Pendidikan Editors & Guidelines Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies)  This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September.Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: September 30, 2018.Prof. Dr. Didi SukyadiEditor-in-Chief of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and Vice Rector IV UPI, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia. E-mail: dsukyadi@upi.edu
Info-MIMBARDIK-Edutainment, Issue of September 2019
Authors: MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September.Bandung, Indonesia: September 30, 2019 Andi Suwirta, M.Hum.Managing Editor of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and Senior Lecturer at the Department of History Education, Faculty of Social Studies Education UPI, Indonesia University of Education, in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
SEKOLAH DAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER ISLAMI (Sebuah Analisis Konseptual)
Authors: Ramin Ramin
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The problem of the nation’s character until now and even in the future remains an interesting discussion for practitioners and observers. Thinking about the right formula to educate the character of the young generation as the nation’s successors is baing more focused in this country now. The busyness of parents, social environment, community, and social media have a role in shaping adolescent behavior. Adolescents are frequently affected to take actions that reflect bad character. This article is the result of deep thinking with the literature review method on the importance of schools taking a role in educating adolescent characters from references that specifically discuss the theories of character education models. School is a formal institution that possibly changes the role of the family in transferring good character values to students through the form of intra-curricular, co-curricular, extra-curricular, and habituation activities. The end of this article recommends that stakeholders should conceptually know well about the design, model, and character education approach that will be applied. Abstrak. Masalah karakter bangsa hingga saat ini dan bahkan ke depan masih tetap menjadi diskusi yang menarik bagi praktisi dan pemerhati. Memikirkan formula yang tepat untuk mendidik karakter generasi muda sebagai penerus bangsa adalah fokus yang lebih mengemuka di tanah air ini. Kesibukan orang tua, lingkungan sosial, komunitas, dan termasuk media sosial memiliki andil dalam membentuk perilaku remaja. Tak jarang para remaja terpengaruh, hingga melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang mencerminkan karakter yang buruk. Artikel ini merupakan hasil pemikiran mendalam dengan metode literatur review mengenai pentingnya sekolah mengambil peran dalam mendidik karakter remaja dari referensi yang khusus membahas tentang teori-teori model pendidikan karakter. Sekolah adalah organisasi formal yang sangat memungkinkan mengganti peran keluarga dalam mentransfer nilai-nilai karakter yang baik kepada siswa melalui bentuk kegiatan intra kurikuler, ko-kurikuler, ekstra kurikuler, maupun pembiasaan. Akhir dari artikel ini merekomendasikan bahwa stakehorders harus matang secara konseptual mengenai desain, model, dan pendekatan pendidikan karakter yang akan diaplikasikan.
MADRASAH QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH ACCREDITATION COMPANIN PROGRAM
Authors: Nugraha Muhamad Tisna , Mansur Mansur , Kusnayat Agus
Published: October 2021

Abstrak. Penelitian ini membahas tentang banyaknya Madarasah Ibtidaiyah di Kabupaten Kubu Raya yang belum terakreditasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan perencanaan program pendampingan akreditasi Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pelaksanaannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR) atau juga dikenal dengan penelitian aksi bersama. Instrument atau alat pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan lembar penilaian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat diketahui bahwa: 1) Kegiatan perencanaan progam pendampingan akreditasi madrasah dilakukan dengan workshop yang melibatkan Kepala Sekolah, Kemenag Kabupaten Kubu Raya dan prodi PGMI IAIN Pontianak. 2) Pelaksanaan program pendampingan madrasah ibtidaiyah di Kabupaten Kubu Raya dilakukan melalui 2 siklus kegiatan workshop dalam memahami 8 standar akreditasi. Abstract. This study discusses the number of Islamic elementary schools in Kubu Raya Regency that have not been accredited. This study aims to determine the planning activities of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah accreditation assistance programs in Kubu Raya Regency, and their implementation. The method used in this research is the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach or also known as joint action research. Instruments or data collection tools are observations, interviews, documentation and assessment sheets. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that: 1) The planning activities of the madrasah accreditation mentoring program were carried out by workshops involving the Principal, the Ministry of Religion of Kubu Raya Regency and the PGMI IAIN Pontianak study program. 2) Implementation of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah mentoring program in Kubu Raya Regency is carried out through 2 cycles of workshop activities in understanding 8 accreditation standards.
KONTRIBUSI PEMBINAAN KEPALA KEMENTERIAN AGAMA DAN KOMPETENSI PENGAWAS TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU PAI
Authors: Faisal Faisal
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This study aims to determine the contribution of the guidance of the head of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the competence of supervisors to the implementation of the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers. The method used in this research is quantitative analysis based on statistical inferential models. The data collection was done using observation, interviews, and questionnaires. After the data is collected, it is then processed using logical analysis for qualitative and statistical analysis for quantitative data using descriptive statistics, regression, and correlation. Based on the hypothesis test, the guidance of the Head of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and the competence of supervisors contributes positively and significantly to the implementation of the professional competence of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers.Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi pembinaan kepala Kementerian Agama dan kompetensi pengawas terhadap pelaksanaan kompetensi profesional guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kuantitatif berbasis model statistika inferensia. Adapun pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Setelah data terkumpul, kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan analisis logika untuk kualitatif dan analisis statistika untuk data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan  statistik  deskriptif,  regresi, dan korelasi. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis, pembinaan Kepala Kemenag dan kompetensi pengawas berkontribusi secara positif dan signifikansi terhadap pelaksanaan kompetensi profesional guru PAI.
METHODS FOR PROBLEMS OF VECTOR GENERALIZED OPTIMAL CONTROL OF SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED PARAMETERS
Authors: Kharkov O. S. , Vedel Ya. I. , Semenov V. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper develops the theory of existence and necessary optimality conditions for optimal control problems with a vector quality criterion for systems with distributed parameters and generalized impacts. The concept of $(K, e, \epsilon)$-approximate efficiency is investigated. Necessary conditions for $(K, e, \epsilon)$-approximate efficiency of admissible controls in the form of variational inclusions are proved. Methods for solving problems of vector optimization of linear distributed systems with generalized control are proposed. Convergence of algorithms with errors is proved.