bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pedagogical conditions for the formation of senior preschool children’s foreign language competence
Authors: Izmailova Rania Gennadievna , Sheinova Tatyana Gennadievna , Soldatenko Ksenia Yurievna
Published: October 2019

Abstract The aim of the research is to identify, theoretically substantiate and empirically study the pedagogical conditions for the formation of senior preschoolers’ foreign language competence. The methods consist in authorial diagnostic procedures aimed at studying the interaction participants’ foreign language competence. The research identified the specifics of the interaction between subjects of preschool education. The authors revealed the influence of parents’ participation on the foreign language competence, motivation, attitude, and openness to learn foreign languages as well as preschoolers’ psychological anxiety toward the perception of foreign speech. The authors expanded the ideas on forming preschool children’s foreign language competence in pedagogical theory and practice and on the realization of the opportunities of interaction participants based on the social-pedagogical partnership, which allows improving joint activities between modern preschool organizations and families.
The efficacy and safety of statin in combination with ezetimibe compared with double-dose statin in patients with high cardiovascular risk: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Yunyun , Hu Haochang , Yang Jun , Yao Qi , Xu Hongyu , Yu Yushan , Liu Ting , Lin Shaoyi
Published: October 2019

Currently, statins are the first-line therapies for dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, however, their hypolipidemic effects have not been satisfactory. We performed a meta-analysis to compare lipid-lowering efficacy and safety of ezetimibe and statin combination therapy with double-dose statin monotherapy in patients with high cardiovascular risk. Fourteen studies involving 3,105 participants were included in the final analysis; 1,558 (50.18%) participants received ezetimibe and statin combination therapy and 1,547 (49.82%) received double-dose statin monotherapy. Eight studies reported the percentages of changes in several lipid parameters from baseline to endpoint in both groups. Lipid parameters changed more significantly in patients co-administered with ezetimibe and statin (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]: MD = -9.39, 95% CI -13.36 to -5.42; non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non-HDL-C]: MD = -10.36, 95% CI -14.23 to -6.50; total cholesterol [TC]: MD = -8.11, 95% CI -10.95 to -5.26; and triglyceride [TG]: MD = -5.96, 95% CI -9.12 to -2.80), with moderate to high heterogeneity among the studies. Two out of fourteen studies investigated several different statins. Our subgroup analysis showed that, compared with double-dose atorvastatin monotherapy, ezetimibe and atorvastatin combination therapy significantly decreased LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TC, and TG levels by 14.16%, 14.01%, 11.06%, and 5.96%, respectively (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in the incidence of laboratory-related adverse events (AEs) between statin combination therapy and monotherapy. Overall, ezetimibe and statin combination therapy significantly decreased LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and TC levels in patients with high cardiovascular risk, among which ezetimibe combined with atorvastatin had the best therapeutic effect. Compared with ezetimibe and statin combination therapy, double-dose statin monotherapy did not increase the risk of AEs.
A Velencei-hegység növényföldrajzi és florisztikai kutatásának eredményei
Authors: Bauer Norbert
Published: October 2019

A Velencei-hegység flórájának és növényföldrajzi vonásainak pontosabb feltárására irá­­nyu­­ló térképező munka eredményeként számos növényfaj regionális elterjedési mintázata tisz­tá­zó­dott. Je­­len közleményben 219 növényföldrajzi szempontból fontos, ill. szórványos/ritka taxon (216 faj/alfaj és 3 természetes hibrid) előfordulási adatait mutatom be, és felvázolom a hegység nö­vény­föld­raj­zi jel­leg­­zetességeit a korábbi közlemények és az új megfigyelések tükrében. A Velencei-hegység különlegessége, legfontosabb növényföldrajzi vonása egyrészt a markáns kontinentális és szubmediterrán ha­tások együt­tes érvényesülése, másrészt az acidofil és az erősen bázikus termőhelyek mo­za­i­kos­sá­gá­ból fakadó sok­­színűség. Néhány, a regionális elterjedési mintázat-típusokat jól reprezentáló faj (Alyssum turkestanicum, Artemisia austriaca, Bupleurum pachnospermum, Doronicum hungaricum, Hy­pericum elegans, Lat­hyrus sphaericus, Minuartia viscosa, Ornithogalum comosum, Scabiosa canescens, Se­dum caespitosum, Stern­bergia colchiciflora, Vinca herbacea) elterjedését térképeken is bemutatom. A tér­­ké­pe­ző munka so­rán több mint ötven, a területről korábban nem ismert taxon is előkerült, köztük bio­geog­ráfiai szem­pont­ból fontos fajok is, mint pl. Bassia laniflora, Brassica elongata, Bupleurum pra­e­altum, Centunculus mi­ni­mus, Hypericum elegans, Orlaya grandiflora, Phleum nodosum, Silene dichotoma, Stipa tirsa, Tordylium maximum, Trifolium diffusum, T. ochroleucon, Valeriana dioica.
Magyarországon előforduló idegenhonos tóalma (Ludwigia) fajok taxonómiai revíziója
Authors: Mesterházy Attila , Riezing Norbert , Vidéki Róbert
Published: October 2019

A dísznövényként kedvelt trópusi tóalma fajokat Magyarországon már az 1920-as évek­től kezdődően ültették egyes melegvizes forrásokba. Ezek több helyen elvadultak, illetve néhány esetben in­vázióssá váltak. A hazánkban talált fajokat egyes munkák eltérő neveken közölték, az egyes helyeken lé­vő populációk faji azonosítása sem történt meg. Herbáriumi és terepi vizsgálataink során világossá vált, hogy Magyarországon az adventív tóalmáknak 3 fajuk található meg. A Ludwigia repens bár élőhelyein szór­ványosan fordul elő, ezt a fajt ültetik leggyakrabban. Állományait az ország több pontján is meg­ta­lál­tuk. Bár a faj kivadul és egyes helyeken önfenntartó populációkkal rendelkezik, terjedése mégsem okoz prob­lémát. A L. grandiflora a 2000-es évek elején jelent meg hazánkban. Napjainkban 3 helyen fordul elő és mindegyik lelőhelyén nagymértékű terjedése figyelhető meg. A hozzá hasonló L. peploides a kö­zel­múlt­ban került elő az ország két pontjáról. Egyelőre csak kis állományokban található meg, így meg­ho­no­so­dá­sá­nak jellege csak évek múltán lesz értékelhető. A korábban Egerből közölt L. alterniflora, hazai elő­for­du­lá­sára nincs bizonyíték, így javasolt törlése a hazai flórából.
E-Shopping Sites Preference Analysis with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods
Authors: ŞAHİN Yıldız , SARA Deniz Merve
Published: October 2019

The increasing usage of the internet all over the world has become an indispensable part of our life. The use of internet in many areas such as health, tourism, education, transportation, shopping, communication, banking is increasing day by day and spreading over a wider area. With the widespread use of the Internet, the use of web sites and the work carried out on this area have also increased. Web sites are the bridge between user and information resources. User-centric design principles make it possible for users to efficiently use web sites. Several methods, standards, and studies have been done to measure accessibility and usability.In this study, the preference of web sites in the shopping sector was compared using the VIKOR method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making method, and the most preferred website was identified. In this context, the opinions of one hundred and eighty web site users were consulted. In the scope of the study, evaluation criteria were determined first. Using VIKOR method, web sites with similar characteristics have been examined in terms of usability.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO CONCEPTUALIZATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF TOURIST INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: SLASHCHUK Andrii , BERNADSKA Halyna
Published: October 2019

The article analyses definition and origin of the term “infrastructure” in relation to the tourism industry. The content and classification of the “tourist infrastructure” concept are analyzed on the basis of domestic and foreign approaches. The authors tried to define main components of tourist infrastructure. Successful development of tourist industry is impossible without appropriate tourist infrastructure, ensuring material and technical provision for tourism and plays an important role in satisfying of tourists’ needs. Despite an enormous quantity of scientific researches connected with tourist infrastructure development, there is a lack of its single definition acceptable for all scientists.
In Ukraine tourist infrastructure is usually defined as a combination of certain facilities ensuring tourist activity and providing hosting, servicing and transporting for tourists: hotels, tourist complexes, campings, motels, boarding houses, catering, transport businesses, cultural and sports facilities etc. However, a strict definition to characterize tourist infrastructure does not exist. That is why a large number of approaches to tourist infrastructure take place. In our article we examined the researches of the scientists, who have worked on this issue: T. O. Volkova, H. J. Dovhopola, I. V. Yerko, J. S. Korabelnikova, D. A. Korneva, S. P. Kuzyk, I. M. Minich, O. V. Mischenko, V. I. Novikova, M. J. Rutynskyj, O. V. Stetsjuk, L. M. Cherchyk, I. M. Shkola, etc. The most significant foreign contributions by V.Havoretski and A.Rain were considered as well. Materials from Tourism and Transport Forum, 2012, covering the structuring of tourist infrastructure into 4 types, were also important for our elaboration.
Tourist infrastructure includes a large amount of services necessary to satisfy tourist’s demands and ensure comfortable stay at the destination, thus promoting its attractiveness. We distinguish between the main (accommodation and catering, communication, tour operators), additional (entertainment and recreation facilities, tourism information giving centers, specialized shopping facilities) and maintenance (checkpoints, petrol stations, banking institutions, insurance groups, health protection and public utility services) tourist infrastructure.
Basic Objections to the Theory of Stage-By-Stage Formation of Mental Actions and Concepts
Authors: Sidneva A.N.
Published: October 2019

The article presents main directions of the criticism of P.Ya. Galperin’s theory of the stage-by-stage formation of mental actions and concepts (SFMA) from the early days of its development (1950s) up to the present days. Four directions of the criticism are discussed: from the general psychological, educational psychological, pedagogical and developmental psychological perspectives. From the standpoint of general psychology, the main objections are related to the idea of internalization as the basic mechanism for the emergence of mental processes; it is argued that the transformation of the material form into the ideal form is not proven enough in the SFMA theory. From the standpoint of educational psychology, the main critical remarks refer to the explanation of the formation of new actions and concepts as not being supported by facts. The objections to this criticism are based on the idea of alternative research methodology. From the standpoint of pedagogy, critical remarks concern the stage-by-stage formation as a pedagogical method. Objections to this criticism are related to an alternative understanding of the correlation between learning and thinking. From the standpoint of developmental psychology, the basic objection is that the SFMA focuses entirely on the ‘aktualgenese’, ignoring the ontogenetic development. The paper concludes with an outline of the developmental perspectives of the SFMA theory.
Expressive Suppression of Negative and Positive Emotions in Russia and Azerbaijan
Authors: Pankratova A.A. , Osin E.N. , Lebedev V.V.
Published: October 2019

Expressive suppression may have negative consequences when used as an emotional regulation strategy. However, the extent of these consequences is very different in strongly individualist and collectivist cultures, as studies comparing the USA and China have revealed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of expressive suppression in Russia and Azerbaijan where the levels of individualism/ collectivism are comparable and moderate. The subjects (N = 111, mean age 20 years, females, 59 Russians and 52 Azerbaijani) were induced with emotional states (joy, neutral, sadness) using validated video clips and were randomly assigned to the normal viewing or the expressive suppression condition, replicating the classical experiment of J. Gross. We found that suppression of joy: 1) did not affect the subjective intensity of joy in both groups, but was associated with increase of background negative emotions in Russians; 2) was associated with reduced activity of cheek muscles in both groups and with increased activity of forehead muscles in Russians; 3) did not have any significant effects on sympathetic nervous system activity. The suppression of sadness: 1) did not affect the subjective intensity of sadness in both groups, but was associated with increased in background positive emotions in Russians; 2) was associated with reduced activity of forehead muscles in Russians, but not in Azerbaijani; 3) did not have any significant effects on sympathetic nervous system activity. The findings suggest that, unlike the USA, in Russia and Azerbaijan expressive suppression is a typical emotional regulation strategy, which explains the absence of sympathetic activation.
How Did We Get Here?A History of Yoga in America, 1800-1970
Authors: Douglass Laura
Published: October 2019

Yoga has been gaining acceptance in America. This acceptance rests, in large part, on the increase in medical research on Yoga. Despite the benefits of this research, the biomedical approach is often held accountable for America's de-emphasis on the rich,spiritual dimensions of Yoga. This article reviews the academic literature of the 1800s-1970s to show that America's focus on Yoga's health benefits is not new, but has been a part of the ongoing debate on how Yoga should be regarded.
Zacieranie granic i rozmywanie znaczeń jako jedna z tendencji współczesnych przemian cywilizacyjnych
Authors: Polak Ewa
Published: October 2019

Celem przeprowadzonej analizy jest próba identyfikacji i zdefiniowania kierunków współczesnych przemian kulturowych, ich istoty, przyczyn i konsekwencji oraz konfliktów powstałych na tle przedstawionych procesów. Konflikty te dotyczą zarówno styku różnych kultur, jak i odmiennych postaw wobec coraz szybszego tempa zmian i ich kierunków w ramach jednego kręgu społeczno-kulturowego.

Struktura pracy obejmuje wstęp, sześć rozdziałów i zakończenie.

W rozwiązaniu problemu badawczego przyjęto następujące metody i techniki badawcze: analizę literatury przedmiotu i doniesień prasowych, metodę wzorca oraz obserwację bezpośrednią i pośrednią. Kwerenda literatury przedmiotu umożliwiła konfrontację własnych przemyśleń i obserwacji z dotychczasowymi ustaleniami badawczymi. Wykorzystano również metodę polegającą na syntetyzowaniu rozproszonych informacji i obserwacji oraz formułowaniu na tej podstawie określonych wniosków opartych na zasadach analizy logicznej i dedukcji.
Quelques défis de classification des expressions idiomatiques du football en français
Authors: Cerovšek Mateja
Published: October 2019

The article points out some challenges to classify the idiomatic expressions of football in French. It shows that the basic semantic criteria of compositionality and transparence, and therefore the distinction between collocations and idioms, are to be studied in relation with the football terminology, the context itself and the language register. These elements influence the transparence of expressions, effecting on the category within the collocations (regular, transparent, opaque) and can even result in changes between the main groups of collocations and idioms.
Ewolucja instytucji sędziów pokoju w Stanach Zjednoczonych
Authors: Gmurzyńska Ewa
Published: October 2019

This article presents a history and development of the institution of justices of the peace in the United States from the beginning of formation of American democracy until modern times. It presents jurisdiction, the scope of the activities and the role of justices of the peace in several states through different periods of times. It includes a thorough discussion concerning pros and cons of justices of the peace in the U.S. legal system and general tendency of declining the institution of justices of the peace in modern times. The article includes also a discussion of the major court decisions concerning justices of the peace.
Evolving Targets for Heart Failure: the Journey so far
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe
Published: October 2019

The treatment of heart failure has included vasodilators, positive inotropes and most successfully neuro-hormonal blockade. Recent research has looked at metabolic and immune modulatory approaches, and implantable, mainly electrical devices. The near future in pharmacological research for heart failure remains focussed on classic methodologies and small molecules, but despite significant improvements we still know relatively little of the complex interactions in HF particularly for HFpEF.. Pharmacotherapy will in future be combined with advances in biotechnology, nanotechnology and devices and a digital revolution will help us to monitor patients at a distance, using wireless devices. Heart failure research has achieved much over the last 4 decades but the pace of innovation and research has not abated and future advances in this disabling condition are indeed likely.
If Channel Inhibition - Ivabradine for the Treatment of Heart Failure
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe , Vitale Cristiana
Published: October 2019

The novel first-in-class If channel antagonist, Ivabradine, is effective in improving clinical outcomes and functional capacity, in patients with HF, as well as demonstrating useful anti-anginal and protective anti-ischaemic effects. It can help improve heart rate control and can be usefully co-administered with beta blockers on HFrEF patients with residually elevated resting sinus rhythm heart rate. We review the clinical trial evidence for the benefits of Ivabradine in the treatment of heart failure.
"El pintor monogramista": controversia historiográfica en torno al Retrato de Cristóbal Suárez de Ribera de Velázquez
Authors: De Tena Ramírez Carmen
Published: October 2019

Con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento del desarrollo disciplinar de la Historia del Arte en España, proponemos un análisis sobre el descubrimiento de una obra del pintor Diego Velázquez, el Retrato de Cristóbal Suárez de Ribera. Este suceso acaecido a comienzos del siglo XX nos permite comprender el desarrollo y evolución de los estudios histórico-artísticos en nuestro país y el papel fundamental que en él tuvieron los historiadores del arte procedentes de Alemania.
A propósito del sepulcro de Alfonso Fernández de Vargas (S. XIV) conservado en San Juan Bautista, Burguillos del Cerro (Badajoz)
Authors: Menéndez Menéndez Andrea
Published: October 2019

Alfonso Fernández de Vargas fue sepultado en la Iglesia de San Juan Bautista de Burguillos del Cerro (Badajoz). Su sepulcro, epitafio y testamento son un perfecto ejemplo de la importancia, y deseo, de trascender más allá de la muerte, mediante el uso del poder de la imagen y la palabra. Durante las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en la iglesia pudimos desgranar la evolución del conjunto arquitectónico, como lugar de culto y espacio funerario, en uso desde época visigoda, hasta época contemporánea. Con motivo de esta intervención pudimos también ahondar en la historia del  personaje y contextualizar nuestro objeto de análisis.
Diego de Gamboa (Act. 1612-1637), escultor entre el Romanismo y el Barroco: Estilo y nuevas obras
Authors: Fernández Mateos Rubén
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo estudia la figura del escultor Diego de Gamboa, reuniendo los pocos datos que de él se conocen y aportando algunos desconocidos relativos a su biografía. También se analiza el estilo, que parte del romanismo miguelangelesco aprendido con Gregorio Español, todavía imperante en la diócesis de Astorga durante el primer tercio del siglo XVII, para meterse de lleno en el barroco, posiblemente debido a un contacto con el escultor Gregorio Fernández en Valladolid. Por último se dan a conocer nuevas obras en la provincia de León y Zamora que suponen hitos cronológicos en su trayectoria artística.
An Experimental Investigation on The Effects of Waste Olive Oil Biodiesel on Combustion, Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions
Authors: UYUMAZ Ahmet , AKSOY Fatih , AKAY Fatih , BAYDIR Şükrü Ayhan , SOLMAZ Hamit , YILMAZ Emre , Aydoğan Bilal , CALAM Alper
Published: October 2019

In this study, the
biodiesel obtained from the waste olive oil by transesterification method has
been mixed with a 30% of diesel fuel as volume and tested with a single
cylinder direct injection diesel engine. The main purpose of this study is to
obtain purer biodiesel from waste olive oil using methyl alcohol (CH3OH)
and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as catalyst in the transesterification method and
research performance, combustion and emission characteristics in detail in a
direct injection diesel engine. The combustion, engine performance and exhaust
emission values have been also compared with diesel fuel. The test engine was
operated at a constant speed of 2200 rpm and different engine loads such as
3.25 Nm, 7.5 Nm, 11.25 Nm, 18.75 Nm. According to the experimental results, the
thermal efficiency of biodiesel is lower by about 1% to 5% than diesel. CO is
lower about 37.5 % with biodiesel than that of diesel at 18.75 Nm. CO2
is higher 41% with biodiesel than diesel at 11.25 Nm. NOx was
measured 9.5% higher than diesel fuel at 18.75 Nm. Soot emissions decreased by
37.5% compared to diesel.
The Attitude of Uniate Bishops towards Calendar Reforms in the Latter Half of the 18th Century
Authors: Wereda Dorota
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 2.

The provisions of the Union of Brest guaranteed the use of the Julian calendar in the Uniate Church. In the second half of the 18th century, as a result of the socio-political changes and the so-called reduction in holidays in the Latin Church the question of a reformed calendar was brought up among the hierarchs of the Uniate Church. Its elaboration and corresponding debates showed that the calendar was clearly considered to be an element of identification for all the faithful and an important factor creating a sense of separateness and identity in the multidenominational and multinational Polish Republic. The issue of reforming the calendar used by the Uniate Church was raised at the Great Sejm, but a new list of feasts was compiled by Uniate bishops during the congress of 17th September 1790 held in Warsaw. The hierarchy of the Uniate Church was also obliged to take a stance on the changes in the calendar introduced by the invading countries. The actions taken by Uniate hierarchs in the 18th century reflect an attempt to combine economic reasons with religious ones as well as social influences dictated by the ideas of the Enlightenment.
Etyka komunikacji jako wykład uniwersytecki. Uwagi o specyfice i dylematach kształcenia
Authors: Żurawlew Tomasz
Published: October 2019

Celem pracy jest przedstawienie i opisanie ogólnodydaktycznych aspektów kształcenia etyki komunikacji na poziomie akademickim. Autor dąży do tego celu, opierając swoje rozważania o teorię moralności komunikacyjnej oraz teorię kształcenia ogólnego. Określa specyfikę nauczania zagadnień etycznojęzykowych, wyodrębnia dwa jego wymiary: rzeczowy i osobowościowy, z których można wyprowadzać cele edukacyjne, wskazuje również na dwa sposoby przekazu wartości: intelektualny i emocjonalny. Autor ustala ponadto, że zarówno dydaktyczny, jak iwychowawczy charakter zadań wykładowcy etyki komunikacji cechuje ten sam stopień ważności oraz opisuje najistotniejsze, jego zdaniem, metody edukacyjne. Odnosi się również do kilku typowych sytuacji dydaktycznych, próbując na ich tle wyjaśnić złożoność określonych dylematów kształcenia, a także wskazać możliwe drogi ich rozstrzygania.
On a Virtuous Official and a Good Citizen: Canon Augustyn Lipiński’s Philosophy of Exercising Power (Based on the Sermon Preached in Krakow on 8th May 1810)
Authors: Ziółek Ewa M.
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne 61 (2013), issue 2.

This article is devoted to a presentation of the contents of one of the political sermons preached in Krakow Cathedral on 8th May 1810. A Cathedral Canon, Rev. Augustyn Lipiński delivered it on the feast of St Stanislaus in the presence of King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony and Duke of Warsaw, his court and the dignitaries who accompanied him: the Minister of War, Prince Józef Poniatowski, the Prefect of the Krakow Department, Prince Henryk Lubomirski, and many department and municipal officials. In its content the sermon was devoted to authority and the way to exercise it. It is constructed as a polemic with contemporary currents striving after secularization of the ethos of the official. The preacher expressed his conviction that a virtuous official and a good citizen are ones who regard the good of the country and of their fellow-citizens more highly than their own good or even their lives; they are ready to serve them and the king who is exercising power by the will of Providence, and they never look to their own gain in this service – either material profits or fame.
The Image of the United States of America in the Polish Newsreels (PKF) 1948–1953
Authors: Rabiński Jarosław
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne 59 (2011), issue 2.

This article analyzes the contents of sections of Polish Newsreel (PKF) of the years 1948–1953 concerning the United States of America in the context of political, international, military, economic and social issues. The image of the USA shown in Polish Newsreel did not have a lot in common with reality and it was part of the vision of the world created for propaganda needs. The propaganda machine, a part of which Polish Newsreel was, in order to achieve the aims that it had set out, used a whole palette of propaganda techniques and rules: selecting the prepared footage, generalizations, the use of characteristic clusters of ideas (“warmongers”, “American perpetrators of genocide”, “the new SS”, “the bondage of the dollar”), combining information with interpretation. All of this was done with the use of the modern medium, that is, film. Joining the layers of pictures, sound and commentary, as well as the particular conditions encountered during screenings of Polish Newsreel shows gave the viewer the possibility to deeply experience the scenes presented, to get emotionally involved in them, and, hence, to identify with the imposed interpretation of the viewed material.
Justice as the Aim of The Monarch’s Authority: The Evolution of the Idea from Plato to the Close of the Enlightenment
Authors: Stasiak Arkadiusz Michał
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne 58 (2010), issue 2.

The idea of the justice of the authority in the general meaning remains a central topic in Polish political theory. This has resulted in the frequent tackling of this problem, but it has not been reflected in the complexity of the theory. It is even difficult to talk about a theory in the case of the considerations analyzed. They were mostly very superficial mentions of the monarch’s justice, permeated with old-Polish legalism, a legalism reduced to the rule: the king is obliged to observe legal norms and to give priority to the good of those ruled over his own interests. This model determined the deliberations about justice. Most theoreticians could not see the possibility of strengthening the king’s influence on dispensing justice in the country, although there were exceptions to this view and not only among monarchists. Owing to this model in Polish political thought, after the fall of the First Republic of Poland it was easier to accept the idea of justice dispensed by broad bodies representing the community. The model was not even overturned by the instrumental transfer of the idea of natural justice to Poland. It was also not overturned by the doubts expressed by Wybicki about the possibilities of linking justice to the subjects’ happiness and political freedom.
The Exercise of the Right of Clergy to Decent Support on the Occasion of Pastoral Visitation under Particular Law in Poland
Authors: Lewandowski Paweł
Published: October 2019

During a pastoral visit the faithful make voluntary offerings. Part of the funds collected is paid for diocesan and parish needs, whereas the remaining amount is transferred to the clergy. Although specific solutions vary from one diocese to another, offerings made on a pastoral visit are substantial material support for presbyters, and thus constitute the implementation of the clergy’s right to decent support.
The results of monitoring the dynamics and antibiotic resistance of microflora when performing split-skin grafting in a general surgical hospital
Authors: Pavlenko Ilya Viktorovich , Kichin Vladimir Vladimirovich , Shakhov Alexander Vladimirovich
Published: October 2019

Relevance. One of the effective ways to close chronic wounds according to many authors is split-skin grafting. To obtain good results of plastic operations, a constant monitoring of the structure of microbiological associations of chronic wounds and their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents is necessary.
Aim. Analysis of the structure and properties of pathogens of wound infections when performing split-skin grafting and optimizing the choice of drugs for starting empirical antibacterial therapy.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of microbiological studies was conducted in 86 patients who underwent split-skin grafting. For statistical processing of the data obtained, the computer program Statistica 6.0 was used.
Results. Microbial contamination in patients on admission to hospital was (Me [Q1; Q3]) 106 [102; 108] CFU/ml. Unsatisfactory results of split-skin grafting were noted in 15 patients (17%). In this group of patients, strains of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria - Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 6 cases) and Acinetobacter baumannii (in 4 cases), which retained sensitivity to carbapenems in 65% of cases, were most often detected.
Conclusions. Non-fermenting gram-negative microorganisms sharply reduce the likelihood of good results of plastic operations. If found in the recipient wound after split-skin grafting signs of an infectious process, it is advisable to use carbapenems.
Study of the Special Features of the Surface of Application Hemostatic Implants
Authors: Lipatov Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich , Lazarenko Sergey Viktorovich , Severinov Dmitriy Andreevich , Ushanov Alexander Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2019

Background: One of the important unsolved problems of hepatobiliary surgery is to stop the bleeding of the parenchymal organ. The most promising means of local hemostasis are spongy implants made of various materials, the study of which is one of the leading directions in modern surgery. Nevertheless, despite the relevance of the research, there is no uniform classification of the structural features of such hemostatics. Aims: to study the features of the surface of the application of hemostatic implants based on collagen and Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium. Materials and methods: the authors performed light microscopy of the samples, photographing and subsequent processing of the photographs obtained using the trial version of the graphic editor Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, United States of America) to obtain black and white images by enhancing the contrast (+400 ), which excluded the possibility of false color definition. The black and white pixels were counted using the Altami Studio 3.4 program (Altami LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation). Then, the real pixel size was converted into percentages using the trial version of Statistica 10.0 (Dell Software Company, Round Rock, United States of America). After that, the ratio of low areas of the implant (black pixels) to high (white pixels) was determined.
Results: According to the data obtained, a classification was developed for the heterogeneity of the surface of the relief of hemostatic implants, according to which all of them can be divided into three groups: with weak, moderate and strong severity of the heterogeneity of the surface relief. Conclusions: when correlating the obtained results and selected groups, it was found out that the hemostatic sponge Tachocomb (Takeda Pharmaceuticals LLC, Linz, Austria) has a slightly pronounced heterogeneity of the surface relief, and the hemostatic collagen sponge (OJSC Luga Belkozin, Luga, Russian Federation) and a Carboxymethylcellulose based hemostatic sponge (developed in cooperation with Linteks LLC, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation) - moderately pronounced surface heterogeneity.
THE WORLD OF CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH IN RUSSIAN NOBLE FAMILIES OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN THE CONTEXT OF STRATIFICATION APPROACH
Authors: A. Shapovalov Vladimir , P. Shapovalova Svetlana , V. Istomina Irina , V. Perepelisin Alexsandr , N. Moshkin Alexsandr
Published: October 2019

traditions. Hence, it is one of the criteria for evolutionary or revolutionary changes in a particular society, accentuating the culture of everyday life and the connection of generations. In a rigidly structured estate society, such as the population of the Russian Empire, the world of childhood and youth developed in the context of social traditionalism, adopted in one or another estate community.

Methodology: The basis of the study is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, and science. To prove these theses, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, logical-analytical methods were used, which made it possible to reliably reconstruct the world of childhood and youth in noble families of Russia of the first half of the nineteenth century.

Result: The most detailed system of socialization of children and adolescents was developed in an environment of a noble family, distinguished by more strict and complex etiquette, where pride in belonging to a noble class was inculcated at an early age. But the feeling of belonging to the upper class among the young nobles was different and mediated by many factors, first of all, the ancient lineage, the level of the material wealth of the family, education, upbringing,  and culture. That is, the variability of the socialization of children and adolescents was extensive.

Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.

Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of The World of Childhood and Youth in Russian Noble Families of the First Half of the Nineteenth Century in the Context of Stratification Approach is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Werner Herzog, documentales de viaje: Fata Morgana, La Soufrière, A la espera de una catástrofe inevitable, Wodaabe, Pastores del sol, Jag Mandir
Authors: Gonçalves Igor Dimitri
Published: October 2019

Cuatro películas del director alemán Werner Herzog son analizadas por sus características comunes en cuanto ensayos-fílmicos de viaje. Estas obras, menos conocidas, medio metrajes, que supuestamente arriesgan menos, o por otras palabras, de búsqueda física de creación documental en el acto mismo de observación, sirven justamente para ilustrar su recorrido personal por las formas de hacer documental más “convencionales”.

Este articulo sostiene qué: por un lado, en estas películas el autor hace uso de una puesta en escena que toma del naturalismo de Paul Rotha y su dispositivo romántico, entre otros autores; y por el otro, qué lo que les añade Herzog es necesariamente lo qué las aleja de una definición contenedora. Es decir, para nosotros, el valor de estos ensayos fílmicos reside en el uso de las herramientas clásicas que son resinificadas por la marca autoral. En el presente articulo se reflexiona sobre la dificultad en determinar modalidades y cerrar películas en definiciones, en el cine documental, partiendo del estudio de casos de un recorte de la filmografía de un autor.
Edificio Master: la tecnología audiovisual como escritura étnica
Authors: Mazás Fernando
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo elabora sobre la relación indisociable entre el cuerpo y la palabra dicha como discurso productor de sentido en el medio audiovisual. El campo de estudio de esta elaboración será el film Edificio Master (2002) del director brasileño Eduardo Coutinho, ya que lo considero como un ejemplo superlativo en cuanto a la utilización del dispositivo de la entrevista en una película documental, y como a través del mismo, surgen de los personajes entrevistados dimensiones de sentido de una profundidad y complejidad inusitadas que transcienden los lugar comunes y estereotipos que están comúnmente asociados a este recurso. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre esta modalidad particular de entrevista como la piedra angular de la etnografía audiovisual moderna y su impacto en la epistemología contemporánea que piensa y analiza al cine documental.
El cine intelectual de Fernando Birri. Antecedentes a la conformación del Documental Militante en Argentina
Authors: Romero Zurita Antonio
Published: October 2019

El cine argentino tiene una historia marcada por el accionar de grandes cineastas. Fernando Birri es uno de ellos. Natal de Santa Fe, este cineasta propuso desde su obra una mirada ética y estética que permitió el auge de una identidad local y regional. Identidad que posteriormente se reproduce magníficamente en el llamado Tercer Cine y en la tradición del cine militante. La obra de Birri, analizada desde sus primeras películas, evidencia un eje conceptual adscrito a la contra hegemonía. En este sentido, la obra de Birri se devela desde un pensamiento cargado de un compromiso político hacia la transformación social.
Moda y comida: una alianza que predice hechos económicos
Authors: Veneziani Marcia
Published: October 2019

Las tendencias extremas entre el lujo y la simplicidad se ponen en evidencia desde los lugares más sorprendentes. La indumentaria y la alimentación expresan ese legendario y a la vez nuevo arte, como un modo de expresión, sofisticación y diferenciación cada vez más excesivo. Se fusionan dos necesidades básicas para erigirlas en el pedestal de lo artístico, integrando la participación del consumidor. ¿De dónde surgen estos cruces? ¿Por qué y cuándo se producen? Algunos países se valen de la sinergia entre los vínculos de sus tradiciones culinarias y de moda para lanzar el made in y así expresar sus identidades nacionales. El vínculo entre el ropaje y la alimentación (aparentemente extravagante) se ligan desde hace unos años para poner en evidencia no sólo la crisis económica global y local, sino también el manifiesto de que también el lujo hoy pasa por la sencillez de lo básico.
Creación y operaciones de transformación: aportes para una retórica del diseño
Authors: Eiriz Claudio
Published: October 2019

¿Qué es lo que hay en común ente cosas tan disimiles como las mutaciones cromosómicas, las operaciones de superposición de la simetría o la forma musical? La pregunta no es caprichosa. Hay un “aire de familia” entre los mecanismos a partir de los cuales conocemos el mundo y al mismo tiempo nos reconocemos en él. El presente trabajo parte de suponer que el diseño –como todo acto de conocimiento– no es un campo meramente “inspirado”. Toda creación implica, entre otras cosas, abrevar en un repertorio de operaciones de transformación que se expresan –como lo supo ver Jaques Durand– en las antiguas figuras de la retórica. En primer término se intentará articular este repertorio de operaciones con conceptos conexos tales como: envolvente proto-narrativa y grado 0. En segundo término, se esbozará una “tabla de elementos” que dé cuenta de la totalidad de las operaciones posibles. Asimismo, se hará especial énfasis en la retórica del audiovisual y los recursos generadores de la forma musical. Este estudio se inscribe en una tradición que tiene su origen en los trabajos de Roland Barthes acerca de la retórica de la imagen y aspira a contribuir a la construcción de una meta-teoría del diseño y los procesos de creación.
Interculturalidad: miradas múltiples. Desafío Creativo Cooperativo
Authors: Doria Patricia M.
Published: October 2019

En el área de Diseño, los proyectos son individuales, creativos, y personales generando mucho énfasis en la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la corrección grupal por parte del profesor, que debe respetar el estilo personal de cada alumno. El sentido es fomentar las miradas múltiples y diferentes, aceptar las diversidades e influencias interculturales, y de este modo citar en las producciones las improntas culturales para nutrir y, generar diseños de mayor originalidad para acceder a una mayor competitividad. A partir de estas ideas se generó una técnica específica para áreas del Diseño donde los proyectos son el eje central y directriz de la formación de los alumnos; esta técnica es denominada Desafío Creativo Cooperativo (DCC).
Reflexión respecto de la conexión entre la disciplina del diseño y la audiovisual, como factor estratégico de desarrollo
Authors: Bertolotto Navarrete Laura , Hetz Katherine
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo pretende reflexionar respecto al creciente rol estratégico del Diseño Gráfico en conjunto con lo Audiovisual y su contribución al desarrollo regional frente a la globalización como proceso de cambio continuo. 

La relación entre diseño y medios de comunicación amplía ciertas concepciones propias del diseño, donde lo audiovisual, como producto final de la interacción de lo que se ve con lo que se escucha, complementa al diseño ampliando su rango de efectividad en el proceso comunicacional. 

 

Este fenómeno ha llevado a estas disciplinas a ocupar un lugar preferente en la elaboración de políticas de desarrollo tanto económicas como regionales para promover desde los recursos territoriales, procesos de innovación sistémica (social, económica, educacional, etc.).
Significação como possível caminho inovador para projetos de Design de Ambientes
Authors: Abreu Simone
Published: October 2019

Este artículo busca discutir un camino posible y estratégico de diseño de interiores desde la perspectiva de la significación, presentada por la innovación guiada por el diseño. El ambiente tiene dos dimensiones a considerar: las objetivas, observables, y las subjetivas que son aquellas relacionadas al sistema de significación. Este artículo trae resultados de investigación realizada con los diseñadores docentes de la Escuela de Diseño, analizando los principales aspectos abordados en los proyectos. ¿Cuál es el aspecto de mayor relevancia para esos docentes del proyecto? Ante el escenario complejo actual donde el diseño interactúa cada vez menos con disciplinas objetivas y exactas, y más con los factores estésicos y psicológicos, ¿Cuál sería el camino innovador y estratégico para el diseño de ambientes? La innovación guiada por el diseño abre el camino para una innovación radical, abordando el significado que los productos presentan como centro de esa innovación. Se espera que este artículo pueda contribuir positivamente a una nueva mirada proyectiva, que contribuya con el bienestar del usuario.
Didáctica de la lectura y la escritura y multimodalidad
Authors: Bombini Gustavo
Published: October 2019

Frente a ciertas posiciones apocalípticas provenientes del ámbito escolar que vaticinan el ocaso de la lectura del libro impreso frente a la presencia de la cultura digital, el concepto de multimodalidad (Jewitt, 2005) y la apuesta a una construcción didáctica en el campo de la lectura y la escritura desarrollada a partir de ese concepto, proponen horizontes productivos en el territorio del aula y de la biblioteca escolar.
Lo spazio odierno dell'Europa romanza occidentale: cos'è cambiato negli ultimi cento cinquanta anni?
Authors: Calvo del Olmo Francisco Javier , Rocha da Cunha Karine Marielly
Published: October 2019

L’articolo si propone di studiare il profilo attuale delle lingue romanze nell'Europa occidentale. Si presentano dunque le lingue nazionali e i loro rapporti con le lingue locali confrontando questi dati con la descrizione del dominio romanzo europeo fatta nei manuali classici. Inoltre, vengono accennati due elementi importanti per la configurazione attuale del profilo etnolinguistico di questi spazi: i movimenti migratori, intranazionali ed extranazionali e il ruolo delle città come centri produttori della norma standard e delle innovazioni linguistiche.
Construcción del sentido y mediación traductiva: el caso de la preposición francesa chez
Authors: Hernández Patricia Carmen
Published: October 2019

Este artículo aborda la relación entre construcción del sentido y traducción en un caso específico: la traducción de la preposición francesa chez en Le Rouge et le Noir (Rojo y Negro) de Stendhal y seis de sus traducciones al español. Luego de una breve reseña del comportamiento semántico-pragmático de la preposición chez, nuestro estudio examina las diversas reformulaciones de prendre chez + moi / lui provistas por las versiones en español. Tal análisis cualitativo nos permite caracterizar las variadas construcciones de una misma escena e ilumina particularmente la subjetividad del traductor
Les Hors Nature de Rachilde : la querelle des nationalistes et des cosmopolites à la sauce décadente
Authors: Staron Anita
Published: October 2019

Dans Les Hors Nature de Rachilde, la confrontation des deux nationalités qui signifient deux cultures, deux patries et deux caractères constitue l’axe central de ce roman, écrit au moment de la montée du nationalisme en France. Deux positions contraires sont décrites : la première relève du cosmopolitisme, dont la querelle se déroule en France précisément à cette époque, la deuxième se réclame d’une vision plus traditionnelle et historique. Rachilde, qui, à l’occasion des deux grandes guerres, manifestera bien ouvertement sa haine de l’ennemi, semble ici exprimer des opinions beaucoup plus modérées. Elle ne manque pas de le faire à sa manière, combinant aux réflexions idéologiques le désir d’originalité et de provocation.
L’Europe en question. De la tentative de déstabilisation du mythe dans le roman africain de l’immigration contemporaine
Authors: Manirambona Fulgence , Ndikumagenge Rémy
Published: October 2019

Notre article propose une analyse de l’espace européen dans l’écriture romanesque de l’immigration contemporaine. La représentation de l’Europe est double. Si, pour le candidat à l’émigration, elle suscite bien des espoirs grâce à ses importants progrès, elle est aussi loin de correspondre à cet espace de réussite et de consécration pour ceux qui gagnent ce continent. L’analyse consacre plutôt une déconstruction des valeurs sociétales de cette Europe. Nous établirons une double orientation axiologique : la construction du mirage et la déconstruction de l’Europe-paradis.