bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Graph Clustering: a graph-based clustering algorithm for the electromagnetic calorimeter in LHCb
Authors: Canudas Núria Valls , Gómez Míriam Calvo , Vilasís-Cardona Xavier , Ribé Elisabet Golobardes
Published: February 2023

The recent upgrade of the LHCb experiment pushes data processing rates up to 40 Tbit/s. Out of the whole reconstruction sequence, one of the most time consuming algorithms is the calorimeter data reconstruction. It aims at performing a clustering of the readout cells from the detector that belong to the same particle in order to measure its energy and position. This article presents a new algorithm for the calorimeter data reconstruction that makes use of graph data structures to optimise the clustering process, that will be denoted Graph Clustering. It outperforms the previously used method by $$65.4\%$$

65.4
%

in terms of computational time on average, with an equivalent efficiency and resolution. The implementation of the Graph Clustering method is detailed in this article, together with its performance results inside the LHCb framework using simulation data.
First Assessment of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics Affecting Survival, Growth, and Gene Expression of European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Larvae
Authors: Politis Sebastian N. , Benini Elisa , Miest Joanna J. , Engrola Sofia , Sørensen Sune R. , Syropoulou Elisavet , Butts Ian A. E. , Tomkiewicz Jonna
Published: February 2023

European eel, Anguilla anguilla, larval culture faces a bottleneck during the transition to exogenous feeding. To stimulate gut-priming, in the present study, prebiotics (AgriMOS, mannan-oligosaccharides, and β-(1,3 and 1,6)-poly-D-glucose), probiotics (Bactocell, Pediococcus acidilactici), and synbiotics (AgriMOS + Bactocell) were administered to European eel larvae during the endogenous prefeeding stage. Eel larvae were reared in 2 L incubators with an initial stocking density of ∼200 larvae/L. Each treatment (pre-, pro-, synbiotics, and control), represented by 3 replicated incubators, was connected to a separate recirculating aquaculture system. The gut-priming agents were introduced directly into the rearing water. Results revealed increased mortality when larvae were introduced to synbiotics and impaired growth in connection to probiotics and synbiotics. Larvae receiving prebiotics showed similar survival and growth to larvae reared without gut-priming agents. The immune gene expression revealed a lag phase between maternally inherited protection (c3, igm, and il10) and the gradual buildup of the larvae’s own immune system (il1β, irf7). The lack of treatment-related immune (c3, igm, il10, il1β, and irf7) and stress/repair (hsp70, hsp90) responses revealed an immature immuno-readiness. Digestion (try, ctra, ctrb, tgl, and amyl), food intake (cck), and appetite (ghrl)-related genes were expressed at basal levels already on 4 days post-hatch, which combined with phenotypic plasticity of the appetite-regulating ghrelin (ghrl), indicated a prospective adaptive capability towards earlier maturation of the larval digestive capacity. Overall, we contemplate that the application of gut-priming agents in water has merit; however, as no beneficial effect was observed, we conclude that the regimen applied is not recommendable in the present form and needs to be customized for future eel larval culture. As such, water management strategies and rearing options need to be further explored to establish prefeeding and feeding regimens, targeting optimized culture conditions, and the production of healthy eel offspring.
Economic Consequences of Surgery for Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Sakari Thorbjörn , Langenskiöld Sophie , Sköldberg Filip , Karlbom Urban
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims. Most patients develop adhesions after abdominal surgery, some will be hospitalized with small bowel obstruction (SBO), and some also require surgery. The operations and follow-up are expensive, but recent data of costs are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the direct costs of SBO-surgery and follow-up, in a population-based setting. The association between cost of SBO and peri- and postoperative data was also studied. Methods. In a retrospective cohort study, all patients (

n
=
402

) operated for adhesive SBO in Gävleborg and Uppsala counties (2007–2012) were studied. The median follow-up was 8 years. Costs were calculated according to the pricelist of Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Results. Overall total costs were €16.267 million, corresponding to a mean total cost per patient of €40,467 during the studied period. Diffuse adhesions and postoperative complications were associated with increased costs for SBO in a multivariable analysis (

P
<
0.001

). Most costs, about €14 million (85%), arouse in conjunction with the SBO-index surgery period. In-hospital stay was the dominating cost, accounting for 70% of the total costs. Conclusion. Surgery for SBO generates substantial economic burden for healthcare systems. Measures that reduce the incidence of SBO, the frequency of postoperative complication, or the length of stay have the potential to reduce this economic burden. The cost estimates from this study may be valuable for future cost–benefit analyses in intervention studies.
Evaluation of Microalgal Diet to Culture Adult Oithona oculata Farran (Copepoda, Cyclopoida)
Authors: Takayama Yoshiki , Yamasaki Taisei , Toda Tatsuki
Published: February 2023

While copepods are important prey for many wild marine fish larvae and are preferred as a live feed for culturing larval fish, their low productivity and the costs associated with culturing them typically limit their use as a live food source in all but experimental situations. In a series of experiments with four readily and commercially available microalgae (Thalassiosira weissflogii Grunow, Rhodomonas salina Wislouch, Tetraselmis suecica Kylin Butch, and Isochrysis galbana Parke), we determine which of them, when exclusively fed to a commonly occurring copepod, Oithona oculata, over a 15-day period, results in the greatest copepod survival and egg production rates. We posit that species of Oithona might be an ideal candidate for copepod taxa for commercial-scale copepod culture and that the microalga Rhodomonas salina is an ideal food source to culture them.
Preoperative Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Prediction of Adnexal Mass Torsion
Authors: Ghimire Asmita , Ghimire Sailaja , Shrestha Asmita , Pant Samriddha Raj , Subedi Nilam , Pant Padam Raj
Published: February 2023

Aims. Adnexal torsion commonly affects reproductive age group females. Prompt diagnosis and early management help in the preservation of fertility. However, its diagnosis is challenging. Preoperative diagnosis can be suspected in only 23–66% of the cases and half of the patients operated for adnexal torsion have different diagnosis. This article thus aims to identify the diagnostic value of preoperative neutrophil lymphocyte ratio in adnexal torsion in comparison with other untwisted unruptured ovarian cysts. Methods. This was a retrospective study conducted in the duration of five years from 1st January 2016 to 1st January 2020. The data about demographic parameters, hematological parameters, operative approach, operative technique, and histopathological reports were derived from an electronic database and documented on proforma. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis and influence of each factor on preoperative diagnosis of Adnexal torsion was evaluated. Results. A total of 125 patients were included in the article (adnexal torsion group n = 25, untwisted unruptured ovarian cyst group n = 100). There was no statistically significant difference in comparison to age, parity, and abortion between both groups. Most patients had undergone laparoscopic surgery which was based on surgeon’s skill and preference. Nineteen (78%) patients in the adnexal torsion group underwent oophorectomy while infarcted ovary was seen in only 4 cases. Among the blood parameters, only neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) >3 was found to be statistically significant under logistic regression analysis. Most common adnexal pathology to undergo torsion was serous cyst. Conclusion. Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio can be a predictive marker for diagnosis of adnexal torsion and can differentiate it from untwisted unruptured ovarian cysts.
Multilineage Lymphoblastic Lymphoma as an Initial Presentation of Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia
Authors: Ikeda Mako , Nakahara Wataru , Asako Mizuki , Umeki Yuka , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Terakawa Takuya , Matsunaga Hitomi , Iwasa Yuki , Saito Riko , Iwama Yuki , Matsui Takahiro , Oka Kazumasa , Ueda Shuji
Published: February 2023

Mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is characterized by leukemic blasts that express markers of multiple lineages. Compared with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), MPAL is considered to have a poor treatment outcome. We report a case of MPAL T/myeloid not otherwise specified that was initially presented as multilineage lymphoblastic lymphoma and subsequently developed into leukemic MPAL. An acute lymphoblastic leukemia-based treatment regimen was ineffective, but azacitidine and venetoclax therapy resulted in hematological complete remission. Our case suggests that multilineage lymphoblastic lymphoma should be considered to be the same disease as MPAL, albeit with different clinical presentations. Optimal treatment for MPAL has not been established yet, but azacitidine and venetoclax therapy may be a potential approach.
Algebraic Perturbation Theorems of Core Inverse

A

㊮

and Core-EP Inverse

A

㊯
Authors: Sheng Xingping
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the algebraic perturbation theorems of the core inverse

A

㊮

and core-EP inverse

A

㊯

are discussed for a square singular matrix

A

with different indices, and the expressions of the algebraic perturbation for these two new generalized inverses are presented. As their applications, some properties of the core inverse

A

㊮

and core-EP inverse

A

㊯

are proven again by using the expressions of their algebraic perturbation. In the last section, two numerical examples are considered to demonstrate the main results.
Prenatal Lethal Diagnosis of 8p23.1 Duplication Syndrome Associated with Omphalocele and Encephalocele
Authors: Hicks Melissa A. , Ebrahim Salah , Gonik Bernard
Published: February 2023

Despite increased prenatal and postnatal use of array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), isolated 8p23.1 duplication remains rare and has been associated with a widely variable phenotype. Here, we report an isolated 8p23.1 duplication in a fetus with an omphalocele and encephalocele that were incompatible with life. Prenatal aCGH demonstrated a 3.75 Mb de novo duplication of 8p23.1. This region encompassed 54 genes, 21 of which are described in OMIM, including SOX7 and GATA4. The summarized case demonstrates phenotypic features not previously described in 8p23.1 duplication syndrome and is reported in order to enhance understanding of the phenotypic variation.
VEXAS Syndrome in a Patient with Myeloproliferative Neoplasia
Authors: Austestad Janne , Madland Tor Magne , Sandnes Miriam , Haslerud Torjan Magne , Benneche Andreas , Reikvam Håkon
Published: February 2023

VEXAS syndrome stands for vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic syndrome. The syndrome is a combined hematological and rheumatological condition caused by a somatic mutation in the UBA1. There is an association between VEXAS and hematological conditions such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), monoclonal gammopathies of uncertain conditions (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM), and monoclonal B-cell lymphoproliferative conditions. There are not many descriptions of patients having VEXAS in combination with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). With this article, we want to present a case history of a man in his sixties with a JAK2V617F mutated essential thrombocythemia (ET) developing VEXAS syndrome. The inflammatory symptoms occurred three and a half years after the ET diagnosis. He started to experience symptoms of autoinflammation and an overall worsening of his health, and blood work showed high inflammatory markers, leading to repeated hospitalizations. His major complaint was stiffness and pain, and high dosages of prednisolone were necessary to obtain pain relief. He subsequently developed anemia and significantly variable levels of thrombocytes, which previously were at a steady level. To evaluate his ET, we made a bone marrow smear demonstrating vacuolated myeloid and erythroid cells. Having VEXAS syndrome in mind, genetic testing identifying the UBA1 gene mutation was performed, thus confirming our suspicion. The work-up with myeloid panel on his bone marrow identified genetic mutation in the DNMT3 too. After developing VEXAS syndrome, he experienced thromboembolic events with both cerebral infarction and pulmonary embolism. Thromboembolic events are also common in JAK2 mutated patients, but in his case, they presented first after VEXAS had developed. Throughout the course of his condition, several attempts with prednisolone tapering and steroid sparing drugs were tried. He could not get pain relief unless the combination of medications included a relatively high dose of prednisolone. Currently, the patient uses prednisolone, anagrelide, and ruxolitinib, with partial remission and fewer hospitalizations and more stabilized hemoglobin and thrombocytes.
Analysis of Changes in Brain Region and Connectomics in the Acute Stage of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in the Resting State via Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Li Zhonghua
Published: February 2023

To explore the functional changes in the whole brain network in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SHL) at the acute stage from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) imaging evaluation results, 80 patients with sudden right SHL were selected as subjects (patient group). In addition, 40 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were recruited as a control group. fMRI imaging was performed to analyze functional parameters and core nodes of the whole brain network. It was found that at all thresholds, the fMRI parameters Cp and Lp of the patient group were dramatically superior to those of the control group. The fMRI parameter Eglobal of the patient group was substantially lower than that of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). At most of the thresholds, the fMRI parameter λ in patients was dramatically superior to that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). There were ten specific network core nodes in patients, including the right parahippocampal gyrus, right supra-occipital gyrus, left suboccipital gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, right parietal lobule, right subparietal lobule, right superior temporal gyrus, left superior marginal gyrus, and right superior temporal gyrus. In summary, the whole brains of patients with sudden SHL still had small-world attributes, but some characteristics of the brain network had changed, and there was a trend of transformation to a regular network. The connection between the auditory brain area and the functional areas related to language and vision was weakened, and the distribution of core nodes changed. This study provides a reference basis for exploring the changes in local brain and connectome levels in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss in the acute phase based on resting-state fMRI.
Effect of Intensive Glycemic Control on Myocardial Infarction Outcome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: He Jiading , Xi Yangbo , Lam Hingcheung , Du Keyi , Chen Dongping , Dong Zhihui , Xiao Jianmin
Published: February 2023

Background. The effect of intensive glucose-lowering treatment on the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes remains uncertain, especially the effect on the occurrence of myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant RCTs. Methods. We performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTS) and observational studies relevant to this study question. We searched the PubMed and Cochrane databases until June 2022. Results. We included data on 14 RCTs and 144,334 patients, all of whom had type 2 diabetes. When all studies were considered, intensive glucose-lowering treatment significantly reduced the incidence of MI compared with conventional therapy and the total OR value is 0.90 (CI 0.84, 0.97;

P
=
0.004

) when considering all the studies. When the target value of intensive glucose-lowering treatment was considered as HbA1c decrease of more than 0.5%, there was no significant protective effect on MI, the total OR value is 0.88 (CI 0.81, 0.96;

P
=
0.003

). When considering all available RCTS, the intensive glucose-lowering treatment group had a protective effect for MACE compared to the conventional treatment group, and the total OR value is 0.92 (CI 0.88, 0.96;

P
<
0.00001

). In the available RCTs, for the patients with a history of prior CAD, the total OR value is 0.94 (CI 0.89, 0.99;

P
=
0.002

). And there was no difference in the incidence of hypoglycemic events between the intensive and conservative treatment groups. Conclusion. Our data support the positive protective effect of glucose-lowering therapy on MI in patients with T2DM, but there is no significant effect of intensive glucose-lowering. In addition, we found no greater protective effect of enhanced glucose control in the HbA1c reduction of more than 0.5%, and no difference in the incidence of adverse events compared with the HbA1c reduction of less than 0.5%.
TLR4 Enhances Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and Autophagy
Authors: Mao Li , Wu Da-Hua , Hu Guo-Huang , Fan Jian-Hu
Published: February 2023

Ischemic stroke is a kind of central nervous disease characterized by high morbidity, high mortality, and high disability. Inflammation and autophagy play important roles in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CI/R) injury. The present study characterizes the effects of TLR4 activation on inflammation and autophagy in CI/R injury. An in vivo CI/R rat injury model and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) SH-SY5Y cell model were established. Brain infarction size, neurological function, cell apoptosis, inflammatory mediators’ levels, and gene expression were measured. Infarction, neurological dysfunction, and neural cell apoptosis were induced in CI/R rats or in H/R-induced cells. The expression levels of NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) clearly increased in I/R rats or in H/R-induced cells, while TLR4 knockdown significantly suppressed NLRP3, TLR4, LC3, TNF-α, and interleukin-1/6/18 (IL-1/6/18) in H/R-induced cells, as well as cell apoptosis. These data indicate that TLR4 upregulation induced CI/R injury via stimulating NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagy. Therefore, TLR4, is a potential therapeutic target to improve management of ischemic stroke.
d
‐Dimer Level After Endovascular Treatment Can Help Predict Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Nam Hyo Suk , Kim Young Dae , Yoo Joonsang , Park Hyungjong , Kim Byung Moon , Bang Oh Young , Kim Hyeon Chang , Han Euna , Kim Dong Joon , Lee Il Hyung , Lee Hyungwoo , Choi Jin Kyo , Lee Kyung‐Yul , Lee Hye Sun , Shin Dong Hoon , Choi Hye‐Yeon , Sohn Sung‐Il , Hong Jeong‐Ho , Lee Jong Yun , Baek Jang‐Hyun , Kim Gyu Sik , Seo Woo‐Keun , Chung Jong‐Won , Kim Seo Hyun , Song Tae‐Jin , Han Sang Won , Park Joong Hyun , Kim Jinkwon , Jung Yo Han , Cho Han‐Jin , Ahn Seong Hwan , Seo Kwon‐Duk , Lee Kee Ook , Song Jaewoo , Heo Ji Hoe
Published: February 2023

Background

d
‐Dimer level is a marker of hypercoagulability, which is associated with thrombus formation and resolution. We investigated the value of
d
‐dimer levels in predicting outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in patients who underwent endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods

We analyzed data of patients who underwent only EVT from the SECRET (Selection Criteria in Endovascular Thrombectomy and Thrombolytic Therapy) registry.
d
‐Dimer levels were routinely measured in 10 of 15 participating hospitals. Patients were grouped into tertiles (tertile 1, tertile 2, and tertile 3) according to
d
‐dimer levels (lowest, moderate, and highest, respectively). We compared serial scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at baseline, on day 1 of hospitalization, and at discharge; functional outcome 3 months after EVT; and rate of mortality within 6 months after EVT.

Results

In the 170 patients, the median
d
‐dimer level was 477 ng/mL (interquartile range, 249–988 ng/mL). In tertile 3, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was higher at discharge than on day 1 of hospitalization. Poor outcome 3 months after EVT (modified Rankin Scale score, ≥3) was more common with high
d
‐dimer levels (26.3% of tertile 1, 57.1% of tertile 2, and 76.4% of tertile 3;
P
<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that a high
d
‐dimer level was independently associated with poor outcome 3 months after EVT (odds ratio [OR], 4.399 [95% CI, 1.594–12.135]). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that a high
d
‐dimer level was independently associated with death within 6 months after EVT (OR, 5.441 [95% CI, 1.560–18.978]; log‐rank test,
P
<0.001). The
d
‐dimer effect showed no heterogeneity across the subgroups for poor outcome 3 months after EVT or death within 6 months after EVT. The direction of effect was unfavorable for tertile 3 across all demographic strata.

Conclusions

High plasma
d
‐dimer levels were predictive of early neurologic worsening, poor functional outcome 3 months after EVT, and death within 6 months after EVT.

Registration

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02964052.
Markers in Time: Expanding Our Concept of Trauma Triggers to Include Subjective Experiences of Time Among Adults Surviving Traumatic Loss
Authors: Saltzman Leia.Y. , Terzis Lauren
Published: February 2023

We outline two studies that collected exploratory data on the meaningful time approach and explore the notion of temporal triggers that emerge in the process of coping with traumatic loss. Qualitative data analysis was completed on data gathered from face-to-face interviews as well as open ended responses to an online survey. 35 themes and sub-codes were identified. 30 of these were replicated in both studies. Our data supported the notion of “markers in time” and identified three clear phases to these markers. Participants also noted the consequences of loss on their lives, and the influence of societal and religious approaches to bereavement on their process of coping. Results of this study support a cyclical approach to understanding coping with loss and provides clinicians working with bereaved individuals yet another tool to address the dynamic experience of bereavement.
Family and queer temporality among Chinese young gay men: Yes, but not yet
Authors: Luo Muyuan , Qi Shaojie , Du Wenbin
Published: February 2023

Based on life-history interviews conducted with Chinese young gay men, this research critically engages with the anti-family tendency in queer temporality studies. It identifies three forms of queer temporality among our informants – strategic delay, optimistic pursuit and queer passing-time – in relation to the emerging neo-Confucian familism in China, which, overall, suggests a ‘yes-but-not-yet’ queer youth temporality characterised by a combination of a selective acceptance of hetero-/homonormative familial responsibilities and a ‘not yet ready to shoulder them’ status. Caught between the assimilationist gesture and a queer standpoint, this ‘yes-but-not-yet’ queer temporality seems difficult to categorise. With a focus on our informants’ efforts to draw on different resources to pragmatically seek possibilities for a liveable life, we argue that it is more important to understand ‘queer’ in and on their terms rather than discussing how to define queer or normative to analyse our informants’ stories. In doing so, this research opens up possibilities to theorise queer temporality from an Asian perspective in relation to the emerging neo-Confucian familism. It also challenges the dichotomous thinking in queer studies that belittles the queer efforts made by the marginalised/non-Western and calls for a more context-specific queer sociology.
Figuring out fairness: The social construction of inheritance entitlements in close relationships
Authors: Powell Rhian
Published: February 2023

This article explores the social significance of writing a will and argues that how will-makers think about inheritance is tied to shifting understandings of kin, closeness and fairness. Will-writing is an overlooked and under-researched area of the social world but is a socially potent area of research, capable of revealing how people construct their moral landscapes. Drawing on the accounts shared by 22 elderly people considering what to do with their money when they die, this article illuminates how will-makers make appeals to different principles of fairness to relationally organise their social relationships, and to make these categorisations visible to others. Whilst fairness can act as a helpful normative framework for will-makers to draw upon in the legitimisation of their decisions, it is fundamentally a fluid concept that must be negotiated and explored in each context.
An intimacy field framework: Class, habitus and capital in gay relationships
Authors: Loa See Pok , Choi Susanne Y. P.
Published: February 2023

Using Bourdieu’s field theory and extending the sexual field framework, we conceptualise intimacy as fields, that is, configurations of social relations underlying the doing of romantic and sexual relationships. Drawing on a comparative analysis of the intimate relationships of middle- and working-class gay men in Hong Kong, we show that intimacy fields were organised by class-based habitus and inequalities in capital. These factors resulted in class-based homophilous relationship ideals, constructed intimacy fields separated by class boundaries, and shaped the different relationship formation strategies, and differential capabilities in maintaining long-term relationships of working- and middle-class gay men. Participants in cross-class relationships faced challenges related to habitus and capital mismatches, developing strategies to reimagine what was normative and desirable. Added together, the present study shows how social class and intimacy are mutually constituted. On the one hand, class inequalities shape the ideals, formation and maintenance of intimate relationships, and on the other, the doing of intimacy often reproduces class hierarchies and polices class boundaries.
Modern Postpartum Family Planning and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in a Rural District of Ethiopia, 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nugussa Bushura , Solomon Tesfaye , Tadelu Hailu
Published: February 2023

The first year after a woman has given birth is critical for use of contraceptives although many women do not realize that they are at a risk for pregnancy. The main objective of this study was to assess the utilization of modern Postpartum Family Planning (PPFP) and associated factors among postpartum women in a rural district, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study involving randomly selected 389 postpartum women was conducted in Ambo rural district from May 20, 2021 to June 10, 2021. Data were collected through face to- face interviews, entered into EPI Data version 3.1, and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. In multivariable binary logistic regression, adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. The prevalence of modern PPFP was 72.5% (95% CI: 68%, 77%). Utilization of PPFP was significantly associated with women’s self decision making (AOR = 6.43, 95% CI: 1.98, 20.90), counseling during antenatal care (AOR = 9.71, 95% CI: 3.83, 24.61), visit health facility after delivery (AOR = 5.24, 95% CI: 2.32, 11.84), ever heard of modern family planning (AOR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.88, 14.23), perceived partner approval (AOR = 4.31, 95% CI: 1.62, 11.47), and the lowest income (AOR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.68). The use of modern PPFP in the study area was encouraging, which helps to prevent unplanned and unwanted pregnancies and spacing pregnancies. Therefore, family planning providers should focus on raising women’s awareness and counseling their partners as part of a continuum of points of contact to encourage women to use the service.
The Institutionalization of Public Innovation: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Pradana I Putu Yoga Bumi , Kumorotomo Wahyudi , Susanto Ely
Published: February 2023

This study examines critical factors contributing to institutionalizing creative ideas into a formal innovation and their difference in the regulatory-pillar output of innovation, which public sector innovation academics (PSI) rarely explore. Using multiple case study methods, this study interviewed 23 informants involved in four innovation cases in two local governments in Indonesia. This study highlighted nine critical factors in institutionalizing public innovation categorized into four dimensions: leadership, intraorganizational, innovation candidate attributes, and external environment. This study’s novel contribution lies in identifying critical factors shaping and the outputs of institutionalization of public innovation.
Outcome Evaluation of a Transnational Postgraduate Capacity-Building Program Using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination
Authors: Park Kye-Yeung , Park Hoon-Ki , Shin Jwa-Seop , Kim Taejong , Jung Youngjoo , Seo Min Young , Bouphavanh Ketsomsouk , Sengchanh Sourideth , Inthachack Ketmany
Published: February 2023

Previous studies have applied interview-oriented self-reported or peer-centered evaluation methods, rather than an objective and quantitative method, to evaluate outcome of a postgraduate capacity-building program and have mainly focused on the cognitive level. To investigate the feasibility of the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in an international setting and report the results of the outcome evaluation for the behavioral aspect. A case–control study. Ninety examinees divided into 2 case–control groups: 17 program-experienced doctors and 17 control doctors in the first group, and 28 mentees of the program-experienced doctors and 28 control doctors in the second group. A six-station OSCE was implemented. The OSCE scores were measured to evaluate (1) the direct educational effect regarding learning in the first group and (2) the indirect educational effects regarding transfer in the second group. Written questionnaire and interview data were collected for qualitative analysis. The quantitative results of the overall or subcomponent OSCE scores indicated no significant differences in the comparisons of the first and second case-control groups. The qualitative data indicated that the program improved participants’ medical knowledge, skills, and self-confidence, however, it also revealed limited learning environment provided by the program. This transnational study has demonstrated the process for introducing and successfully completing the testing of an OSCE in Laos. Discrepancy in the goals of the OSCE and the education program limited the usefulness of OSCE as an assessment tool, leading to the lack of significant differences in its results.
Preliminary inter-rater reliability of “The observed Off-task Behavior among School-Children” (The OBS-Children)
Authors: Bech Nicoline L , Bartholdy Karoline H , Nielsen Ann N , Brandt Åse
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the inter-rater reliability of The observed Off-task Behavior among School Children (The OBS-Children), developed to measure observed off-task behavior among children from 6 to 12 years old with sensory processing difficulties and sensory seeking behavior. Two raters rated 18 videos of 10 children in a controlled school-like setting. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs 2.1). Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Limits of Agreement (LoA) were calculated as a parameter of measurement error. Four out of six items had good to excellent reliability (ICC 0.83–0.95), while one had moderate reliability (ICC 0.75) and one had poor reliability (ICC 0.28). SEM was mostly small, while LoA ranged quite widely on all but one item. The reliability of the OBS-Children can be considered acceptable except from two problematic items. Measurement error was relatively large for all items, implying a need for further development and psychometric testing of the tool.
Role of the regulation of mesenchymal stem cells on macrophages in sepsis
Authors: Xing Jie , Wang Rui , Cui Fengqi , Song Linlin , Ma Quanlin , Xu Huiyun
Published: February 2023

Sepsis is a common clinical critical disease with high mortality. The excessive release of cytokines from macrophages is the main cause of out-of-control immune response in sepsis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are thought to be useful in adjunctive therapy of sepsis and related diseases, due to their function in immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and tissue regeneration. Also there have been several successful cases in clinical treatment. Some previous studies have shown that MSCs regulate the function of macrophages through secreting cytokines and extracellular vesicles, or transferring mitochondria directly to target cells, which affects the progress of sepsis. Here, we review the regulation of MSCs on macrophages in sepsis, mainly focus on the regulation ways. We hope that will help to understand the immunological mechanism and also provide some clues for the clinical application of MSCs in the biotherapy of sepsis.
Delay: The Next “D” Factor in Travel Behavior?
Authors: Sardari Reza , Li Jianling , Pouladi Raha
Published: February 2023

Empirical research on the impact of congestion on travel behavior remains limited. This study fills this gap using a comprehensive analytical framework, an improved time-related travel delay measure, structure equation modeling, and the disaggregated household survey data for the Puget Sound Region. The results indicate that travel time delay is associated with fewer household vehicles, fewer vehicle trips, and lower vehicle miles traveled. The findings confirm the intricate impacts of the travel time delay, reinforce the importance of the “D” factors in travel behavior, and point to the need for comprehensive solutions to travel demand management.
Differential expression profile of microRNAs in the lung tissues of coal workers with pneumoconiosis and patients with silicosis
Authors: Tian Yilin , Cui Xiuqing , Guan Xin , Meng Xiang , Zheng Min , Wang Xin , Cheng Guoping , Xia Ying , Ye Meng
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to characterize the microRNA (miRNA) profile of the lung tissues from coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) and silicosis and to analyze the changes in downstream genes, biological processes, and signaling pathways based on the differently expressed miRNAs. Lung tissues from three CWP patients, eight silicosis patients, and four healthy controls were collected and analyzed for their miRNA profiles using Affymetrix® GeneChip® miRNA Arrays. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified between the different groups. The miRanda and TargetScan databases were used to predict the putative target genes, and volcano and heat maps were drawn. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were then performed to screen the DEMs-associated biological process and signaling pathways, respectively. Further identification with a comprehensive literature research involving particle exposure, fibrosis, inflammation and lung cancer were used to further screen DEMs of CWP and silicosis. Microarray data showed that 375 and 88 miRNAs were differentially expressed in CWP and silicosis lung tissues compared with healthy lung tissues, while 34 miRNAs were differentially expressed in CWP compared with silicosis lung tissues. The GO and KEGG pathway analyses showed that, the target genes were mainly enriched in the TGF-β, MAPK, p53 and other signal pathways. These results provided insight into the miRNA-related underlying mechanisms of CWP and silicosis, and they provided new clues for miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of these two diseases.
Simulation of shape memory alloy based curved structures using isogeometric analysis
Authors: Ganekanti Tejdeep , Banerjee Atanu
Published: February 2023

Shape Memory Alloys are well known for the large strain recovery capabilities, leading to extensive applications in biomedical, aerospace, automobile industries, and robotics. In most of the biomedical applications, the SMA based structures are complex in geometry and thus require an efficient computational tool to analyze their thermo-mechanical behavior. In this work, an Isogeometric Analysis based tool has been developed to simulate the thermo-mechanical response of Shape Memory Alloy based planar curved structures, undergoing large deformation. Several benchmark problems are simulated and the results are compared with the literature to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is observed that with the proposed tool, the SMA based curved structures can be analyzed accurately with fewer degrees of freedom and thus requiring lesser computational time, as compared to the same of traditional FEM. The developed tool will address the present need and will be helpful in minimizing the design, analysis and redesign time.
Performance analysis of hybrid bio-composites developed through different processing routes for automobile application
Authors: Ram Khushi , Bajpai Pramendra Kumar
Published: February 2023

The performance of polymer composites strongly depends upon the constituents and the processing method of composite fabrication. The present study investigates the effect of fabrication processes (hand lay-up process, compression molding and resin transfer molding (RTM)) on the physical and mechanical properties of the developed bio-composites having different combinations of uni-directional sisal and uni-directional ramie fiber mat reinforcement in unsaturated polyester matrix. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) were used to study the failure behavior of composite constituents under various loading conditions. Results indicate that composites fabricated by RTM process showed 5%–15% voids (percentage density change) while hand lay-up showed 30%–45% voids (percentage density change). Longitudinal and transverse flexural modulus of composites fabricated by RTM and compression molding are 2–3 times higher than composites developed by hand lay-up process. The study concludes that processing of composites through different routes and varying the reinforcement have significant effect on mechanical properties of the developed bio-composites.
Out-of-plane compression mechanism of a novel hierarchical sandwich honeycomb core
Authors: Iftimiciuc Mihaela , Derluyn Arne , Pflug Jochen , Vandepitte Dirk
Published: February 2023

Honeycomb cores are used extensively in different sectors of industry to build advanced lightweight structures which take advantage of high stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios. To further increase their mechanical properties, structural hierarchy is considered already from a conceptual point of view. It is proven to be highly effective in enhancing mechanical performance in different loading scenarios but affordable realisation of practical applications remains limited. The present study focuses on the out-of-plane compressive behaviour of a novel hierarchical sandwich honeycomb core with an emphasis on compressive strength, both in virtual and in experimental testing. The finite element model is validated for through-the-thickness compressive loading by physical experiments and it can subsequently be used for further structural optimization. The paper concludes with a comparison between the proposed hierarchical structure and conventional expanded honeycombs. The performance analysis highlights the advantages of the introduction of structural hierarchy to the state-of-the art honeycomb and it shows a high potential for the use in the construction of sandwich panels and parts.
LC-MS Analysis, Computational Investigation, and Antimalarial Studies of Azadirachta indica Fruit
Authors: Faloye Kolade O , Adesida Stephen A , Oguntimehin Samuel A , Adewole Adetola H , Omoyeni Olajide B , Fajobi Sunday J , Ugwo Jeremiah P , Asiyanbola Isaac D , Bamimore Victoria O , Fakola Emmanuel G , Oladiran Olayemi J , Spiteller Michael
Published: February 2023

Malaria is a deadly disease that continues to pose a threat to children and maternal well-being. This study was designed to identify the chemical constituents in the ethanolic fruit extract of Azadirachta indica, elucidate the pharmacological potentials of identified phytochemicals through the density functional theory method and carry out the antimalarial activity of extract using chemosuppression and curative models. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of the ethanolic extract was carried out, followed by the density functional theory studies of the identified phytochemicals using B3LYP and 6-31G (d, p) basis set. The antimalarial assays were performed using the chemosuppression (4 days) and curative models. The LC-MS fingerprint of the extract led to the identification of desacetylnimbinolide, nimbidiol, O-methylazadironolide, nimbidic acid, and desfurano-6α-hydroxyazadiradione. Also, the frontier molecular orbital properties, molecular electrostatic potential, and dipole moment studies revealed the identified phytochemicals as possible antimalarial agents. The ethanolic extract of A indica fruit gave 83% suppression at 800 mg/kg, while 84% parasitaemia clearance was obtained in the curative study. The study provided information about the phytochemicals and background pharmacological evidences of the antimalarial ethnomedicinal claim of A indica fruit. Thus, isolation and structure elucidation of the identified phytochemicals from the active ethanolic extract and extensive antimalarial studies towards the discovery of new therapeutic agents is recommended for further studies.
Superficial Allies: The Role of Legal Inclusion and Social Obedience in Stigma Processes
Authors: Davoudpour Shahin
Published: February 2023

While the power of legal exclusion in stigmatisation is undeniable, its impact on ally behaviour has never been explored. This gap in stigma, law, and allyship is the focus of the present study. More specifically, this study shows how exclusion of the stigmatised from a legal system increases prejudicial attitudes expressed by allies. Using sexual prejudice, negative attitudes towards sexual minorities, as a proxy for stigma, this study explores ‘Superficial Allies’ or those who express full support for sexual minorities while refusing neighbouring proximity to them. Using attitudinal data from the Integrated Values Surveys (1981–2016), a large international (113 countries/regions) cross-sectional time-series survey, this study investigates the role of legal inclusion and social obedience in sexual prejudice expressed by those who fully support sexual minorities and those who fully reject them. The results of logistic regression models suggest that the absence of legal recognition and protection for sexual minorities at the national level increases expression of sexual prejudice among both allies and the stigmatisers. While social obedience plays a significant role in stigmatisers’ expression of sexual prejudice, it shows no significance for the ally population. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Embodied enactment of a hypothetical scenario in an English medium instruction secondary mathematics classroom: A translanguaging approach
Authors: Tai Kevin W. H. , Wei Li
Published: February 2023

Adopting a language other than the first as the medium of instruction in teaching mathematics can create significant problems for students’ mathematical learning. However, there is little research on the ways in which bi/multilingual mathematics teachers can make use of diverse multilingual and multimodal resources to keep students engaged in learning abstract mathematical knowledge. This article aims to explore how an English-medium-instruction (EMI) mathematics teacher creates different hypothetical scenarios through embodied enactments to enhance students’ mathematical understanding and motivate students’ interest in learning mathematics. The data of this study is obtained from a focused classroom observation in a Hong Kong EMI secondary mathematics classroom. Multimodal conversation analysis is employed to analyse the classroom interaction data, and the analysis is triangulated with video-stimulated-recall interviews which are analysed with interpretative phenomenological analysis. This article aims to extend the notion of embodied enactment as a form of translanguaging to facilitate mathematical learning and develop students’ motivation in learning mathematics in the EMI setting. Particularly, this article argues that embodied enactment creates a translanguaging space for the EMI teacher to achieve mathematical teaching.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of land use/cover and land surface temperature in Prayagraj city, India
Authors: Srivastava Atul , Shukla Samiksha , Singh Prafull , Jha Pawan Kumar
Published: February 2023

The spatial monitoring of variation in land cover and its mapping support the local authorities and decision-makers in strengthening comprehensive and sustainable plans for future urbanization and sustainability of the city. This research work was carried out to evaluate the change in the land cover pattern and its impact on the land surface temperature of Prayagraj city from 2000 to 2020. This study also examined the correlation between land surface temperature (LST) and other improved urban biophysical indices, such as soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and enhanced built-up and bareness index (EBBI), to determine the significant factors affecting the LST of the urban area. The result indicates that the built-up area and cropland have been escalated by 10 and 6.5%, whereas tree cover, water bodies and fallow land were reduced by 12, 1.38 and 1.27%, respectively. LST was increased by 1.47°C between 2000 and 2020 due to an increase in the built-up area. LST showed a positive correlation with EBBI but a negative one with vegetation indices (normalized difference vegetation index, enhanced vegetation index and SAVI) and water indices (MNDWI). The results indicate that the land use pattern governs LST and any change in land use will ultimately change the LST.
“Back to the living room era”: Smart speaker usage and family democracy from the family dynamic perspective
Authors: Wang Bing , Luo Longxiang , Wang Xiuli
Published: February 2023

Based on joint media engagement (JME) and parental mediation theory (PMT), this study conducted a textual and thematic analysis of 360 user-generated content videos to explore, in the family scenario, smart speaker use behavior between Chinese children and parents. The findings reveal the following: (a) smart speakers create a new JME model and new co-use scenarios; (b) the mediation strategy used by parents differs from the mediation strategies in traditional PMT; (c) smart speakers are social actors and play a mediating role in the construction of family relationships; and (d) smart speaker use behavior between parents and children is characterized by a return to the living room era, which creates a new family dynamic and a reshaping of family politics.