bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient big data security analysis on HDFS based on combination of clustering and data perturbation algorithm using health care database
Authors: Santhana Marichamy V. , Natarajan V.
Published: May 2022

In this manuscript proposes an efficient big data security analysis on HDFS based on the combination of Improved Deep Fuzzy K-means Clustering (IDFKM) Algorithm and Modified 3D rotation data perturbation algorithm using health care database. To compile a similar group of data, an Improved Deep Fuzzy K-means Clustering (IDFKM) Algorithm is used as partitioning the medical data. After clustering, Modified 3D rotation data perturbation technique is used to satisfy the privacy requirement of the client. Modified 3D rotation Data Perturbation technique perturbs each and every sensitive data of the cluster and all the key parameters values used for clustering have warehoused in the database file sector. The proposed approach is executed by Java program, its efficiency is assessed by Health care database. The metrics under the study of memory usage attains higher accuracy 34.765%, 23.44%, 52.74%, 18.74%, lower execution time 35.23%, 23.76%, 27.86%, 27.76%, higher Efficiency 26.85%, 38.97%, 28.97%, 35.65%. then the proposed method is compared with the existing methods such asSecurity Analysis of SDN Applications for Big Data with spoofing identity, Tampering with data, Repudiation threats, Information disclosure, Denial of service and Elevation of privileges (STRIDE), Big Data Analysis-based Secure Cluster Management for using Ant Colony Optimization (ACA) Optimized Control Plane in Software-Defined Networks, System Architecture for Secure Authentication and Data Sharing in Cloud Enabled Big Data Environment using LemperlZivMarkow Algorithm (LZMA) and Density-based Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), Big Data Based Security Analytics using data based security analytics (BDSA) approach for Protecting Virtualized Infrastructures in Cloud Computing respectively.
Synchronization of coupled friction-induced oscillators - A Dynamic Mode Decomposition Perspective
Authors: Velayudhan Jithin , Narayanan M.D , Saha Ashesh , Sikha O.K.
Published: May 2022

The synchronization phenomenon in two linearly coupled friction-induced oscillators is analyzed in this paper using a data-driven approach based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The tip mass at the end of a cantilever beam in each of the oscillators is in frictional contact with a rigid rotating disc. The cantilever beams are subjected to base excitation and a linear spring between the tip masses provides the coupling between the two oscillators. The partial differential equation governing the motion of the system is reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations employing the method of modal projection. The qualitative nature of the coupled oscillations is determined by analyzing the time displacement response, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Poincaré map, and the phase plane diagrams. DMD approximates the dynamical system in terms of coherent structures known as spatiotemporal modes. The frequency information is captured in the corresponding spatiotemporal modes. The influence of each frequency component on the whole dynamics of the system is studied by reconstructing the motion of each subsystem using the corresponding spatiotemporal mode. The contribution of a single dynamic mode towards the overall synchronized motion of the coupled system is analyzed by evaluating the linear correlation between those modes. Evaluation of the similarity measures helps to unearth how far each spatial and temporal mode behaves similarly in time.
RETRACTED: An improved approach for energy consumption minimizing in WSN using Harris hawks optimization
Authors: Vasanthi G. , Prabakaran N.
Published: May 2022

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Experimental demonstration of noncontact vital-sign measurement using pulse radar
Authors: Ou Tzu-Ming , Hu Wei-Wen , Chang Chia-Hung , Hsu Chia-Chin , Wang Chih-Hsuan
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUD: Recently, monitoring the vital-sign with the noncontact method is a popular technology. OBJECTIVE: In this work, we present a fully pulse radar system including front-end sensing and back-end data processing. A series of ultra-wide band sensing pulses is generated and radiated to detect the subject’s chest vibration which in turn obtains the required vital-sign signals. METHODS: An artificial plywood with 3 centimeter thickness is placed between a transmitting/receiving antenna of the radar and subject to demonstrate the characteristic of noncontact sensing. The firmware and digital signal processing are also presented in this paper to optimize physiological data quality. RESULTS: The experimental results show that the continuous heart rate and breathing rate can be monitored by this customized system radar module. CONCLUSION: A fully customized ultra-wide band radar for vital-sign application is presented. The radar system plan with wall parameter is also incorporated into the design consideration to meet the FCC requirement and SNR.
Menopause and work: A narrative literature review about menopause, work and health
Authors: Verdonk Petra , Bendien Elena , Appelman Yolande
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Menopause is part of working women’s lives. In Western countries, labour market patterns are changing rapidly: women’s labour participation has increased, the percentage of full-time working women is rising, and retirement age is increasing. OBJECTIVE: This narrative literature study aims to provide an insight in the state of the art in the literature about the relationship between menopause, work and health and to identify knowledge gaps as input for further research. METHODS: The search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and ScienceDirect. The final set includes 36 academic articles, 27 additional articles related to the topic and 6 additional sources. RESULTS: Research on menopause, work and health is scarce. Results are grouped thematically as follows: Menopause and (1) a lack of recognising; (2) sickness absence and costs; (3) work ability; (4) job characteristics; (5) psychosocial and cultural factors; (6) health; (7) mental health, and (8) coping and interventions. Work ability of women with severe menopausal complaints may be negatively affected. CONCLUSIONS: Due to taboo, menopause remains unrecognised and unaddressed within an organisational context. New theoretical and methodological approaches towards research on menopause, work and health are required in order to match the variety of the work contexts world-wide.
معاصر تہذیبی افکار اور تہذیب اسلامی:تحقیقی مطالعہ
Authors: Habibullah Muhammad , Aziz Qudsia
Published: May 2022

For the last few years, with other suggested days by the United Nations for international observance, 11 March has been over served as an international day of “Islamic Culture, Message for Peace and Dialogue”. The purpose behind observance of this day is to promote Islamic culture through dialogue, art, and film, but the Muslims, being the followers of Allah’s revelation with the knowledge of Islamic culture and tradition there is more need than ever before to be vigilant about the threats posed to Islamic traditions and civilization?Below is the essay that covers the reality of cultural conflicts, the meaning of culture, and the analysis of the characteristics of Islamic civilization.

Key words: Civilization    Clash of civilizations     Islamic civilization
رسول اللہ ﷺ کے کلام کا بنیادی مزاج متعین کرنے کے اصول: مولانا انور شاہ کاشمیری ؒ کے افکار کے تناظر میں
Authors: Rashid Hafiz Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad , Mahmood Moazzam
Published: May 2022

A person can communicate others by speaking, by writing and by signals. Speaking is the most authentic source of conversation among all. For reaching to the soul of a speech or confabulation, man has set universal principles and rules.  For interpretation of a speaker, the most inevitable thing is to understand the language in which a narrator is speaking, to explore the context, to look the conditions in which a discussion is being held and then to use intellect to determine the meaning. The same rules are applied for interpreting the saying of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). By ignoring these rules, it is most likely to misinterpret the traditions of Prophet (S.A.W). Traditions and Hadiths are the key interpretation of the Holy Quran and themselves are the laws. So, in this situation, it becomes more important to apply universally accepted and established principles to reach the true meaning. Islamic scholars, particular Hanfi scholars, gave exceptional importance to these principles and applied them to understand the traditions. Molana Anwar Shah also applied those rules in elucidation of the hadith. The basic question is which are those basic rules and principles? How these rules may apply in Hadith? How Molana Anwar Shah interpret the Hadiths? In this article, In this article, those principles will be discussed in analytical method Which Molana Anwar Shah Kashmiri applied in interpreting the hadith.

Key words: Principles, Confabulation, Determining, context, Thoughts
Essays on economics of higher education
Authors:   , Qian Cheng
Published: May 2022

This dissertation consists of three chapters. In Chapter 1, We use rich administrative microdata from Missouri to examine the potential to expand and diversify the production of STEM degrees at universities by tapping into the population of community college students. We find that the scope for expansion is modest, even at an upper bound, because most community college students have academic qualifications that make them unlikely to succeed in a STEM field at a university. We also find there is almost no scope for community college students to improve the racial/ethnic diversity of four-year STEM degree recipients. We conclude that it will be challenging to expand and diversify STEM degree production at universities with interventions targeted toward community college students. In Chapter 2, I extend the analysis of Qian and Koedel (2020) using the Educational Longitudinal Survey of 2002 from the National Center of Education Statistics. Using these data, I examine the potential to expand and diversify the production of STEM degrees at universities by tapping into the population of two-year college students. Consistent with Qian and Koedel (2020), I find that although the number of two-year college students is large, only a small fraction of these students possess academic qualifications that suggest they would succeed in a STEM field at a four-year university. Therefore, policies targeting two-year college students can only increase STEM-degree production by a small amount. I also find no evidence that such policies can improve female or minority representation in STEM fields, with the possible exception of Hispanic students, for whom my estimates cannot rule out a modest positive effect on representation. In Chapter 3, I use a recent data panel spanning the years 2001-2017 to study the effect of local-area unemployment on postsecondary enrollment and degree completion. My analysis extends the literature in several ways, most notably by (a) incorporating data well into the recent economic recovery from the Great Recession, (b) using improved (more accurate) measures of postsecondary enrollment, and (c) accounting for the attenuating effect of measurement error in calculated unemployment rates. Like in previous research, I find that postsecondary enrollment is countercyclical. I further show that the countercyclical enrollment pattern is concentrated among students in two-year and sub-two-year degree programs. There is suggestive evidence that men are more elastic than women in their enrollment response to unemployment, and unemployment rates have effect on degree completion, but my estimates are too imprecise to draw strong inference.
Essays on early childhood education
Authors:   , Wei Xin
Published: May 2022

Early childhood educations plays a fundamental role in human capital development. This dissertation studies skills development during early childhood. Chapter 1 focuses on early childhood intervention from birth to age 3. Most of the existing literature on such programs is limited to the average treatment effects. To analyze heterogeneity, this study estimates the distributional effect on children's cognitive skill from birth to age 3. Besides, it estimates the conditional quantile effects of two components in the treatment, family environment and child daycare, on cognitive skills. It finds smaller effects of daycare across the bottom of distribution than the top of distribution, whereas larger effects of family environment at the bottom of distribution than at the top. Finally, it finds weak complementarity between daycare and family environment in skill formation. Chapter 2 analyzes the peer effects of English language learners (ELL) on students' skill formation, intrigued by the fact that the rapid increase and dispersion of ELL in recent years raises a concern about how this phenomenon exerts influence on students performance at school. To my best knowledge, this paper is the first study to identify the peer effects of ELL on cognitive skills and noncognitive skills in one consistent framework thoroughly by using the most recent nationally representative data. It is revealed that there are significantly modest adverse effects on cognitive skills. The noncognitive skills are adversely affected, however insignificantly, when using student fixed effect models. In addition, as for heterogeneity, girls or advantaged students are harmed more. Moreover, the peer effects show nonlinear trend as the share of ELL is increasing. Finally, the adverse effects are more sizable in the higher grades.
Fragile balance : a phenomenological study exploring work-life balance of Millennial professional
Authors:   , Zimmerman Lynda A.
Published: May 2022

This phenomenological study explored the work-life balance of Millennial regional specialist professionals at University of Missouri (MU) Extension, part of a nationwide non-credit educational organization, the Cooperative Extension Service System. Millennials (born 1981-1996) now represent the largest segment of the U.S. workforce (Fry, 2018). While this generation reportedly prioritizes work-life balance, little is known about their ability to achieve it. The research question was: How do Millennial regional specialists perceive their experience with work-life balance at MU Extension? The purpose was to understand how Millennials experience work-life balance in a profession with a history of work-life imbalance issues. Transcendental phenomenology methodology (Moustakas, 1994) guided the data collection and analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to identify regional specialists with county engagement responsibilities who met the selection criteria: 1) Millennials who were 2) employed by MU Extension for 2 years or more. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were conducted with 12 participants, including 10 females and 2 males representing a variety of marital and parental statuses. The analysis revealed four main themes: managing, control over workload, flexibility, and supervisor support. The findings indicated that the participants' experiences with work-life balance varied widely. While they were "managing," their balance was fragile. This study confirmed prior research findings that supervisor support for work-life balance, control over workload and work demands, and flexible work schedules and hours are important for work-life balance. It is recommended that administrators 1) institute flextime policies that accommodate individual needs and 2) train supervisors to provide employee support for work-life balance.
Effect on water absorpion and outdoor weathering on emerging polymer interlayers
Authors:   , Dean Brooke Marie
Published: May 2022

Laminated glass windows are becoming increasingly popular in the structures industry. Because of this, new polymer interlayer materials are being developed to better serve the purposes of building design, rather than windshield design, which was the original purpose. Since buildings are designed to stand the test of time, it is important to understand how the laminated glass windows, and in turn the polymer interlayer materials, will behave after weathering action. It is known that weathering action has a significant impact on polymer interlayer materials, and previous studies have evaluated certain aspects of weathering such as temperature, humidity, and UV radiation. The purpose of this research is to gain a better understanding of the difference in impact of weathering on various emerging polymer interlayer materials. This study will take a brief look at the effects of strain rate on the mechanical behavior of polymer interlayers before focusing on the effects of water absorption and outdoor weathering on PVB, EVA, and SG. The mechanical behavior will be evaluated using quasi-static and high strain rate testing after exposure to weathering conditions. In addition, the difference in natural aging of polymers between two glass plies will be compared to those with direct exposure to investigate the impact of the glass on the weathering affects. The research presented herein is ongoing, and the full scope of the project will be discussed as future work.
Some effects of immediacy on food selectivity
Authors:   , McNellis Tanigha
Published: May 2022

Food selectivity is a common problem reported by parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Individuals who engage in food selectivity tend to consume a small variety of items that are low in nutritional value. Food selectivity may lead to health risks such as malnourishment and obesity. Therefore, it is important to evaluate ways to increase the consumption of a variety of foods. Thus, the purpose of this study is to extend previous research by examining whether manipulating the delay to reinforcement will increase healthy food selection in a concurrent-operants arrangement. Multiple-stimulus preference assessments were conducted to identify high preferred edibles. Reinforcer assessments were conducted to identify the reinforcing effectiveness of edibles and identify the average breakpoint of demands to implement in the treatment analysis. Fruits were sometimes preferred over snack food edibles, however, the reinforcing effectiveness of fruits was lower. Results of this study showed that a switch in responding from unhealthy food options (i.e., snack food edibles) to healthy food options (i.e., fruits) occurred at the 30 s delay for the first participant and 60-s delay for the second participant during the treatment analysis. Future researchers should evaluate different reinforcement parameters, such as magnitude, to evaluate if a switch in responding will occur from unhealthy foods to healthy foods without the need for a delay.
Distinguishing between automatic positive and negative higher-order restrictive and repetitive behavior
Authors:   , Powell Lauren Kennedy
Published: May 2022

One of the main diagnostic features of autism spectrum disorder is the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). These behaviors can include repetitive motions, repetitive speech, and engaging in rituals. These behaviors can often present a variety of challenges for the child and those around them. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate if higher-order RRBs are maintained by automatic positive or automatic negative reinforcement. Results demonstrated that Truman's ritual was maintained by automatic positive reinforcement, and Jaspers ritual was maintained by automatic negative reinforcement. The function of the participants' behavior will influence which treatment packages will be most effective in treating problem behavior associated with the interruption of their rituals.
Evaluation of performance funding systems : results from the event study design
Authors:   , Abdelmalek Nathan Masak
Published: May 2022

As part of the national agenda of accountability, state governments established performance funding policy to hold public institutions accountable for their performance. Accountability allows state policymakers to incentivize institutions to address state demands of increasing graduation rates in return for performance allocations. Although the states have implemented the policy for the same goal of increasing graduation rates, they allocate different levels of funding to their public institutions. Performance funding levels vary across the states from 1 percent to 100 percent of institutional base funding. However, it is not clear which funding level is more effective, if any. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance funding systems that allocate different funding levels and determine whether one performance funding system is more effective than the other(s). I employed the event study design to capture the variation in the event impact of the policy on the outcome (i.e., graduation rates). The findings revealed little evidence of consistent effect for performance funding systems on graduation rates in four-year institutions. However, two-year institutions in four out of the six cases examined in this study did have a statistically significant event impact on graduation rates when compared to their counterparts in the neighbors and nonadopters. The study offers some implications for state policymakers to make research-driven decisions regarding their performance funding policy.
Spin waves in doped graphene
Authors:   , Anderson Matthew
Published: May 2022

Spin-waves have been studied to a great extent in solids and two-dimensional electron gases. These phenomena have garnered much interest in developing new kinds of devices for information processing and transmission. A major feature of these devices is that they would consume much less power than traditional electronics as there are no charge currents. In spin-polarized itinerant electron systems, collective spin-wave modes arise from dynamical exchange and correlation (xc) effects. We here consider spin waves in doped paramagnetic graphene with adjustable Zeeman-type band splitting. The spin waves are described using time-dependent spin-density-functional response theory, treating dynamical xc effects within the Slater and Singwi-Tosi-Land-Sjolander approximations. We obtain spin-wave dispersions and spin stiffnesses as a function of doping and spin polarization, and discuss prospects for their experimental observation. Beyond our results for graphene, the methods developed in this work have the potential to be applied to other materials, e.g. silicene, stanene, MoS2, or other members of the so-called \beyond-graphene" family, for which the electron gas is not a good reference system. The ubiquitous local density approximation (LDA), generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and all of their descendants are examples that implicitly use the electron gas reference system. Orbital based approximations such as Slater and Singwi-Tosi-Land-Sjolander provide an alternative that use no reference system. Being built from orbitals, these approximations are inherently system specific, but we have developed techniques to aid in their construction.
Slowing the sophomore slide: do second-year on-campus residency requirements predict student success factors?
Authors:   , Guyer Ashley
Published: May 2022

Residential living requirements benefit students in a variety of meaningful ways. Living on campus can be an effective conduit in helping college students feel more committed and connected to their institutions. Existing research has demonstrated that students who live on-campus tend to be retained at higher rates, achieve higher grade point averages, and are more likely to graduate in four years. Some colleges in the United States have live-on requirements to help maximize the benefits of these academic outcomes for students. Presently, it is unclear if those benefits are extended to students who live-on campus for more than one year. At the same time, universities are adding two-year residential requirements with the hope that second-year students will experience the same or improved success increased outcomes as first-year students. There are relatively limited comprehensive research projects on student housing, and even fewer projects which study academic and student success outcomes of sophomore (second year) students. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the relationship between living on-campus for the first two years of college and key measures of student success. The study utilized quantitative methodology with a non-experimental comparative design. Variables known to influence retention and graduation rates were analyzed via hierarchical multiple regression analysis and those predictors were used to test models to determine the extent to which there was a significant positive relationship between living on campus for two years and select metrics. Living on campus for two years was found to be a statistically significant positive predictor of retention, GPA, graduation, and student involvement. Future research could address the limitation of the study being conducted at a single institution and hopefully demonstrate broader generalizability.
Atypical planetary lavas: rheological evolution of cooling and crystallizing flows from lunar impact melts and cryovolcanic processes
Authors:   , Morrison Aaron
Published: May 2022

Volcanism is common to many of the solid planets and moons throughout the solar system. On Earth, volcanic research is mainly targeted at hazard assessment and prediction but volcanism on other worlds helps us understand how planetary bodies evolve and what that evolution means for the Earth and its future. Understanding the volcanic process on our world and others yields information about heat and mass transport processes, and about interior and surface evolution.One way of furthering our understanding of the volcanic process is by investigating the erupted products. Lavas in particular make up a large portion of planetary surfaces, however, some lavas in the solar system are very different to what we expect on Earth. Both impact events and ice volcanism (cryovolcanism) in the outer solar system can create molten material of very different compositions to the silicate volcanism on Earth, at very different conditions (e.g., temperature and pressure). Despite this, many planetary features share common morphologies with terrestrial volcanism, suggesting similar physical processes driving emplacement. In this work, I draw comparisons between composition and formation mechanism for impact melts, cryovolcanism, and silicate volcanism by investigating their rheology ��� the flow behavior that links material properties to morphology.I measured the rheology of lunar simulants for both highland and mare compositions to investigate how lunar impact melts evolve as they flow. Crystallization happens rapidly upon crossing the liquidus for highland compositions but mare compositions require undercooling before rapid crystallization occurs. This leads to shorter, thicker flows in the highlands and longer, thinner flows in the mare. This pattern may explain why more highland impact melt sheets are observed, because the thinner impact melts in the mare are more readily erased by impact gardening resulting in a preservation bias in the rock record. I also synthesized a wide range of aqueous solutions as analog cryolavas to e their viscosity. I developed a new viscosity model, based on the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) equation commonly used in silicate rheology, to predict viscosity of aqueous solutions a function of both temperature and concentration for binary systems. This model provides better extrapolation down to cryogenic temperatures than previous models and can be scaled up to more complicated multicomponent systems. I then developed a new model for cryovolcanic flow evolution to investigate emplacement. This model simultaneously tracks the physical, chemical, and thermal state of the flow and allows entrainment of the solid fraction rather than surface accumulation. These are all improvements over several previous models. I found that the heat loss from vaporization of the flow in the low-pressure environment of many icy worlds was the dominant heat flux and that aspect ratios predicted match well with observed features.
From crisis to celebration: exploring how extension educators experience mentoring at a midwestern land-grant university
Authors:   , Mueller Ashley Lynn
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this grounded theory qualitative research study was to construct a framework that described the informal mentoring processes for Extension educators at a Midwestern land-grant university. The Mentorship in Extension: An organizational model explained participants' mentoring experiences, and it provided new understanding about mentoring in an Extension context, specifically on how Extension educators experienced mentoring; conditions that facilitated mentoring; relational motivations that influenced mentoring; and developmental mechanisms of mentorships in this setting. The findings revealed that informal, relational approaches to mentoring were the primary ways that participants experienced mentoring, providing new insight about positive work relationships in a specific organizational context. This research study has implications for professional development opportunities, new employee trainings, and mentoring program designs, and it supports further examination of mentoring and positive work relationships in Extension.
Beautiful phantoms british literature, political economy, and biopolitics from 1780-1855
Authors:   , Rodriguez Brian Enrique
Published: May 2022

This dissertation explores the literary engagement with economics from 1780-1855. These years are critical to the development of both the novel and the discipline of political economy. This dissertation builds on previous work in Romanticism and Victorian studies in its conceptualization of economic literature as an engagement extending from Enlightenment notions of perfectibility to Victorian liberalism. I incorporate biopolitical concepts initiated by Michel Foucault to fill a gap in discussions about the development of biopower through technologies of economic power. The goal of the dissertation is to examine how authors used literary space to explore, promote, and advocate for the reform of economic policies. The readings focus on how writers incorporated economic discourse into their novels, how they presented this discourse, and the form in which it was presented. These readings support the view that economic theory helped to rationalize the fear and anxiety produced by the French and Industrial Revolutions, especially as incorporated in counterrevolutionary works, such as Jane Marcet's Conversations on Political Economy, and Harriet Martineau's Illustrations of Political Economy. However, this rationalization was not always a positive development, as it produced dissipation and a lack of sympathy in the subject, as demonstrated by a range of characters from this period, such as Ferdinando Falkland in William Godwin's Caleb Williams, Mathilda in Mary Shelley's Mathilda, and Thomas Gradgrind in Charles Dickens's Hard Times.
Inhibition and comprehensive analysis of hiv-1 vpu, examination of retroviral trafficking, and characterization of sars-cov-2 genetic material in wastewater
Authors:   , Wills Carolyn Anne
Published: May 2022

Both HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 have been responsible for millions of infectionrelated deaths. Despite advances in treatment for both viruses, neither has a cure, and those living with the disease can unknowingly spread the virus. Because of this, research efforts to further the understanding, and control of both HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 are of upmost importance. A potential target for additional treatments for HIV -1 is Vpu, an accessory protein. Vpu counteracts host proteins that are detrimental to the virus, such as CD4 and Tetherin, enhancing viral dissemination and evasion of the host immune system. We have generated a library of Vpu clones in which each codon was individually randomized, resulting in a possible 1,620 amino acid mutants. With this library, we are able to look Vpu : target interactions in a comprehensive manner increasing our understanding of important residues in the functional protein. In a similar manner, we used a known target of Vpu, GaLV Env, to create a high throughput screening method for Vpu inhibitors and successfully identified two inhibitors with Vpu specificity that rescued CD4 and Tetherin downmodulation while also rescuing ADCC killing of infectious cells. In another retroviral study, examining pseudotype compatibility between various retroviruses and glycoproteins, we identified a mis-trafficking event within assembly of MLV gag protein inside HeLa but not HEK293FT cells. This suggests that the viral particles are mis-trafficked, and are either surrounded by or directly adjacent to lysosomal particles. In 2020, SARS-CoV-2 became a global pandemic, and many research efforts transitioned to finding treatments, vaccines, cures, and methods of understanding and tracking viral spread. It was soon noted that SARS-CoV-2 genetic material was detectable in wastewater. Here, we characterize genetic material collected from wastewater samples and find that wastewater likely contains fully intact enveloped particles. Taken together, these 4 studies contribute to a better understanding of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 and provide tools that can be used long-term to further the understanding of these viruses.
The use of explicit health benefits packages increases support for universal health care for people with high objective numeracy
Authors:   , Duan Sean X
Published: May 2022

Purpose: Universal health care lacks support in the US. Explicit health benefits packages (HBPs) may improve support for UHC by heightening comprehensibility and increasing perceived equality through outlining the cost and scope of care. To test these hypotheses, we compared support for UHC after a HBP intervention, uninformative control, or ���standard' UHC messaging from the World Health Organization (WHO). Method: Study 1 (N=189) was a 2(pre-post)x3(condition) mixed-subjects design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: 1) building an HBP exercise; 2) reviewing a pre-selected HBP; 3) completing an uninformative control exercise. Study 2 (N=412) was a 2(pre-post)x2(condition) mixed-subjects design with random assignment to either building an HBP or reading WHO pamphlets about UHC. HBP building used the ���Choosing Healthplans All Together��� (CHAT) simulation exercise where participants constructed their own HBP by allocating a limited set of resources to benefit ) and choosing scope of coverage (basic-to-high). Support for UHC was our primary outcome measure; perceived equality (i.e. is UHC seen as fair?) and comprehensibility (i.e. how easy is it to understand UHC?) were included as mediators. All items were measured both pre and post intervention using 0-100 slider-bar scales. In Study 2, we also included the Rasch Numeracy Scale and the Subjective Numeracy Scale as moderators. Results: In Study 1, both HBP interventions did not increase UHC support versus the control. In Study 2 there was no main effect of experimental condition on support for UHC; ps < .05. However, there was a significant interaction between experimental condition and objective numeracy. Greater objective numeracy predicted increased support for UHC in the ���active' versus the ���passive' intervention. Conversely, lower objective numeracy resulted in our ���passive' intervention increasing support for UHC more than our ���active' intervention. Support for UHC was mediateut not comprehensibility. Conclusions: Active (i.e., creating your own plan) and passive (i.e., reviewing a pre-selected plan) HBP interventions did not increase support for UHC. A more externally valid ���passive' intervention presenting WHO pamphlets about UHC did increase support for UHC. The two interventions appeared to function by highlighting the equity inherent in HBP. However, the ���active' intervention was only effective for participants with high objective numeracy. Given that 29 percent of American adults (approximately 73 million) have low numeracy, it is important to focus future research on alternative approaches that are less quantitati
How depictions of race and a magazine's mission have changed over time: a summative content analysis of cosmopolitan magazine covers
Authors:   , Lea Sadie
Published: May 2022

In media imagery, women are often viewed as sexual objects rather than depicted as human beings, a term coined as the objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997). However, women are not a monolith and intersectional layers where the experience of a White woman differs from that of a woman of color exist (Crenshaw, 1991). With intersectionality, those with multiple identities are often left out of the conversation leading to intersectional invisibility (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008). Due to mass media's ability to ���influence their audiences to perceive social roles,��� magazines are a lens through which these problems in representation are prominently displayed (Lull, p. 50). Without accurate representation of those with multiple identities, stereotypes often abound. Texts are believed to ���[signify] hegemony and ideology and broadly investigate their relations to audiences of different race, gender, class and ethnicity,��� (Fursich, 2009, p. 241). Because of this argument,of Black and White women on the cover of magazines can be correlated to what a society believes to be the hegemonic norm. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to analyze those depictions on the magazine's cover and within cover lines, as well as their change over time, while taking into account the magazine's shift in mission, through a summative content analysis of Cosmopolitan magazine covers from 2011, 2016, and 2020.
Cover crop effects on soil moisture dynamics & thermal properties
Authors:   , Mendis Sidath Subodha
Published: May 2022

The climate change induced weather uncertainty has increased the environmental extremes such as severe droughts and floods affecting volumetric soil moisture content (��), thus food security. It also has increased the weather uncertainty, such as colder winters and hotter summers with increased diurnal temperature differences. Atmospheric temperatures play a major role in the determination of soil temperature, where increased variability can affect plant growth, development, and crop yield. Although CC can affect soil moisture dynamics and soil thermal properties, they are among the least studied areas related to CC. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the CC and tillage effects on the soil moisture dynamics and soil thermal properties of a corn (Zea mays L.) cropping system. The study was conducted at the Elsberry Plant Material Center - USDA, Missouri, USA, with 1) no-till cover crop (NC), 2) conventional till no cover crop (CN), and 3) no-till no cover crop (NN) treatments. A three species CCture including cereal rye (Secale cereal L.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), and daikon radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. Longipinnatus) was established in the NC treatment in 2019 (first CC establishment). Spectrum Technologies Water Scout SM100 soil moisture sensors were installed at 5-, 10-, 20- and 40-cm soil depths to monitor changes in volumetric soil moisture content (��) in 15 min intervals throughout the study period, and a soil moisture calibration was conducted to adjust sensor readings. Numerically and significantly higher �� values were observed in the CN treatment than NC and NN at first three depths during most of the study period. The NC treatment maintained higher �� than NN at all the studied depths during different growing periods, which were significant during some weeks. For the soil thermal study, a fourth treatment, grass (G) was used other than NC, CN, and NN, which was under side oats gramma (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.). Soil core samples (7.6 cm diamelong) were collected in April 2021 for the soil thermal study from 0-40 cm depth at 10-cm increments (96 samples) and analyzed for soil heat capacity (Cv), soil thermal conductivity (��), soil thermal diffusivity ([alpha]), soil organic carbon (SOC), bulk density (BD), and ��. As per the results in soil thermal study, NC did not significantly improve SOC, BD, or soil thermal properties, as the biomass accumulation by CC was not enough due to the lack of CC duration. According to the results, it can be speculated that long-term use of CC might improve soil moisture dynamics and soil thermal properties of corn cropping systems through improved soil organic matter and reduced BD and would be a viable solution in soil moisture conservation, reducing stress conditions to plants and soil microbiota through reducing soil he
A social network analysis of the use of social media to promote agriculture to indonesian youth
Authors:   , Syukron Muh
Published: May 2022

Farmer regeneration remains a big challenge for Indonesia to address food insecurity and promote sustainable agricultural development. With the issue of aging farmers, youth have the potential to become agents of change for the development of agriculture and support the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Nevertheless, young people have less willingness to participate in agriculture. Instead, they prefer working in off-farm employment. It is expected that social media such as Facebook and Instagram can be great tools to promote youth to agriculture. Through social network analysis, this research aims at describing the topics discussed by communities in Instagram and Facebook, representing influential actors, and evaluating the effectiveness of social media in engaging young people in the networks. ScrapeStorm was utilized to scrape posts on Instagram and Facebook with a total of 18,866 and 6,566 posts, respectively. Analyzed through Gephi using Open Ord and Force Atlas 2 algorithms, this study found emerged themes in Instagram network and Facebook related to agricultural production and movement, agribusiness development, sustainable and scientific farming, youth encouragement, and resources needed by youth. The Ministry of Agriculture and Pastal Farm are influential actors in the network that actively advocate for young people to work in agriculture. Finally, Instagram was found to form a more cohesive network of young people. This study contributes to the literature regarding the use of social media to increase youth participation in agriculture through user-generated data and for policymakers, government, and stakeholders to design more effective ways to increase youth participation in the sector. Keywords: Youth, social network analysis, youth participation, agriculture, farmer regeneration.
A discussion of covid-19 vaccine in relation with traditional chinese medicine belief on weibo
Authors:   , Wang Yiyi
Published: May 2022

Traditional Chinese medicine has been influencing Chinese people for thousands of years. Vaccine, as a means of western medicine, has been on the controversial side of traditional Chinese medicine. When it comes to disease, many Chinese people make strategic decisions based on their self-diagnose. Traditional Chinese medicine is known for it has less side-effects and its holistic way of thinking ��� that human body needs to be in harmony with the external environment. When the balance is disrupted, the body will get sick. Vaccine, as a means of western medicine, has been standardized and has been proven effect in lab, which is on the contrast of traditional Chinese medicine. During the COVID-19 pandemic, even though government has mandated the COVID-19 vaccination, many Chinese still hold belief in traditional Chinese medicine to prevent COVID-19. Some people even regard it as a national triumph. Other people think that traditional Chinese medicine is just placebos when it comes to COVID-19 prevention. think both medicines can work together have waited for the vaccine to come out and take traditional Chinese medicine as a supplement. This could give health communicators enlightenment about COVID-19 prevention discussions on Weibo and factors that contributes to vaccine hesitancy.
Synthesis and characterization of pn monoanionic ligands and their reactivity with actinides
Authors:   , Xhani Xhensila
Published: May 2022

Organoactinide complexes have gained much popularity in the recent decades particularly in the field of nuclear waste sequestration. With the increase of nuclear power along side other residual nuclear waste from power plants and testing and use of nuclear bombs, there has been a rapid increase in actinides in the environment. In an effort to sequester and separate actinides form other radioactive elements in the waste, understanding the unique reactivity of the actinides has been key. Actinides and lanthanides make up the f-block in the periodic table meaning they contain f-orbital which effects its ligand bonding making their interaction more electrostatic versus covalent typically seen in d-block transition metals. The added radioactive properties also plays a role in its environmental safety and half-life of the various elements in the actinide series. Utilizing already existing concepts and properties such as HSAB and the Relativistic Effects, have helped develop new ligands in the effort to further understand the reactivity of actinides and how it differs from other radio toxins. In collaboration with Stephan Hohloch at the University of Innsbruck our group developed a new preliminary organoactinide complex, NP-Th containing the ligand (N-(2-(diisopropylphosphanyl)-4-methylphenyl)-2,4,6-trimethylanilide, short NP). The NP ligand has been extensively studied in its reactivity with lanthanide metals producing numerous organolathanide complexes containing either one or two NP ligands. Thus far the only NP-actinide complex reported has been with uranium as observed in 2018 by Schelter and Mindiola et al. With the introduction of the preliminary NP-Th complex comparisons between the two organoactinide complexes can be determined. In addition, a novel PN ligand was synthesized utilizing a phosphorous anionic center; [(TrippPH)-2-(C6H4)N(Me2)], short as PN;- bold shows the anionic reactivity site; Tipp = 2,4,6- iPr3C6H2. Since the synthesis of the PN ligand required an intermediate complex, its precursor was also reported, [(TrippPCl)-2-(C6H4)N(Me2)], along with its arsenic analogue; abbreviated as EN-Cl (E=P, As). Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C, and 31P) techniques were used in characterizing the purity of the NP-Th complex and the novel PN ligand and its precursor EN. The reactivity of the PN with any f-block metals have yet to be determined.
Synthesis and biological activities of new hybrid chalcones with benzoic acid ring
Authors: KURŞUN AKTAR Bedriye Seda , SICAK Yusuf , ORUÇ-EMRE Emine Elçin
Published: May 2022

A series of E-4-(3-oxo-3-(substituted)prop-1-en-1-yl)benzoic acid derivatives (1-5) were synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation of various ketones with 4-formylbenzoic acid. The anticholinesterase (AChE and BChE), tyrosinase, and urease inhibition activities of the synthesized compounds (1-5) were examined. It was found that the most active compound against AChE enzyme in anticholinesterase inhibition activity was compound 1. Compound 4 was the most active compound in tyrosinase inhibition activity, while compound 3 was the most active compound in urease psychological activity.