bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sticky security: the collages of tracking device advertising
Authors: Leander Anna
Published: October 2019

In security studies and beyond, technological developments are associated with technocratic, rationalistic, transparent forms of security governed from a distance. In much of the advertising of tracking devices the associations made are very different not to say opposed to this. The advertising composes security anchored in sensemaking and resonance rather than calculus and reason, working from within and below rather than from a above at distance and depending on the negotiation of opaque co-presences rather than the establishment of precision and transparency. The consequence is that advertising not only extends but also deepens the grip of military/security matters: making them sticky. Moreover, the heterogeneity of the elements is such that what is composed is a shifting collage rather than a stable composition. This argument makes a threefold contribution to security studies: a theoretical reconceptualisation of what it means to compose security, an empirical intervention in the debates surrounding the politics of tracking devices and a methodological intervention in favour of collaborationist research strategies.
Prevalence, correlates and help-seeking behaviour for depressive symptoms in rural Uganda: a population-based survey
Authors: Ssebunnya J. , Medhin G. , Kangere S. , Kigozi F. , Nakku J. , Lund C.
Published: October 2019

Background.

Depression is a common disorder characterized by delayed help-seeking, often remaining undetected and untreated.

Objectives.

We sought to estimate the proportion of adults in Kamuli District with depressive symptoms and to assess their help-seeking behaviour.

Methods.

This was a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in a rural district in Uganda. Sampling of study participants was done using the probability proportional to size method. Screening for depression was done using Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The participants who screened positive also reported on whether and where they had sought treatment. Data collected using PHQ-9 was used both as a symptom-based description of depression and algorithm diagnosis of major depression. All data analysis was done using STATA version 13.

Results.

With a cut-off score of ⩾10, 6.4% screened positive for current depressive symptoms and 23.6% reported experiencing depressive symptoms in the past 12 months. The majority of individuals who screened positive for current depression (75.6%) were females. In a crude analysis, people with lower education, middle age and low socio-economic status were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Help-seeking was low, with only 18.9% of the individuals who screened positive for current depression having sought treatment from a health worker.

Conclusion.

Depressive symptoms are common in the study district with low levels of help-seeking practices. People with lower levels of education, low socio-economic status and those in middle age are more likely to be affected by these symptoms. Most persons with current depression had past history of depressive symptoms.
Psychologists’ motivations for integrating apps into therapy with secondary school-aged young people
Authors: Gindidis Simone , Stewart Sandra E. , Roodenburg John
Published: October 2019

Psychologists play an important role in the provision of mental health support to young people. Some psychologists are incorporating apps into therapy with young people; however, little is understood about why such incorporation is taking place. Ten semi-structured qualitative interviews exploring why psychologists augment therapy by recommending or using apps alongside therapy were undertaken. Findings suggest that psychologists were prompted to update their therapeutic approach in response to client-initiated discussion of apps. Personal use of apps, higher engagement in therapy, increased access to therapeutic strategies between sessions, and a reduction of the stigma associated with externalising therapeutic strategies were also facilitating factors. Implications for practice such as apps currently complementing structured therapy over unstructured talk therapy, and further research are explored.
Alice’s adventures in inverse tan land – mathematical argument, language and proof
Authors: Glaister Paul
Published: October 2019

Andrew Palfreyman’s article [1] reminds us of the result
(1)$${\rm{ta}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{ - 1}}}}{\rm{ + ta}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{ - 1}}}}\,2{\rm{ + ta}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{ - 1}}}}{\rm{ 3 = }}\,\pi {\rm{, }}$$
having been set the challenge of finding the value of the left-hand side by his head of department at the start of a departmental meeting.
A FAKE OR GENUINE ARTEFACT? THE PARIAN CHRONICLE AND PERCEPTIONS OF AUTHENTICITY IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BRITAIN
Authors: Lindfield Peter N
Published: October 2019

A remarkable controversy raged in the late 1780s concerning the authenticity of the Parian Chronicle, a supposedly genuine carved fragment recording ancient Greek history that was included in the 1667 Arundel bequest to the University of Oxford. Drawing in figures in British antiquarianism, including Richard Gough who, as Director of the Society of Antiquaries of London, intervened in the debate with a pamphlet that came out in support of the artefact’s authenticity, this was an important moment in eighteenth-century antiquarian study. Hot on the heels of the now much more well-known Ossian controversy of the 1760s, the Chatterton–Rowley–Walpole debacle from 1770, Chatterton’s subsequent death and the publication of his forgeries from 1777, the literature variously refuting and supporting the Parian Chronicle’s authenticity strikes at the heart of antiquarianism, in particular opening up to dispute assumptions made about or accepted interpretations concerning the authenticity of the fragments upon which subsequent antiquarian work and interpretation was based. This debate took the form of a very public attack upon, and defence of, the Parian Chronicle’s status as a genuine third-century bc antiquarian fragment, and the controversy within antiquarian circles that it occasioned is reconstructed here.
Reinterpretation or Contestation of International Law in Cyberspace?
Authors: Delerue François
Published: October 2019

Since the end of the Cold War, international law has increasingly been challenged by states and other actors. Specific norms have also been challenged in their application by new realities and obstacles. This article focuses on these challenges as they arise from the development of cyberspace and cyber operations, and offers an overview of the main questions arising with regard to the application of international law to cyber operations. By analysing the application of the existing norms of international law to cyber operations as well as identifying their limits, the article offers an accurate lens through which to study the contestation or process of reinterpretation of some norms of international law. The objective of the article is not to deliver a comprehensive analysis of how the norms of international law apply to cyber operations but to provide an overview of the key points and issues linked to the applicability and application of the norms as well as elements of contextualisation, notably after the failure of the 2016–17 United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security. The article comprises three parts. The first part focuses on the applicability of international law to cyber operations. The second part identifies challenges that affect the applicability and application of international law in general, while the third part analyses challenges that affect specific norms of international law, highlighting their limits in dealing with cyber threats.
The Paradigm of Originalism: Israeli Constitutional Law and Legal Thought
Authors: Jabareen Hassan
Published: October 2019

This review essay challenges three main claims about originalism in American legal thought. While it affirms that originalism could be the Law of a legal system, it first challenges the mainstream idea that American originalism is the paradigmatic case in theory and in practice. Second, the essay confronts the normative justification that originalism ensures democracy based on the rule of law. Third, it interrogates the dichotomy between living constitutionalism and originalism regarding the use of history by arguing that originalism is a form of hegemony. The case study analysed in this article is Israeli legal thought and practice after the enactment of the 1992 Basic Laws, with the focus on the right of equality.
A comprehensive review of otorhinolaryngological global health concerns
Authors: Murphy Declan C
Published: October 2019

Background

ENT disease prevalence, risk factors and treatment vary between developed and developing countries. Health provision, particularly disease prevention strategies and surgery, in developing countries is poor, manifesting as a high frequency of common and preventable diseases. Healthcare systems in developing countries are unsustainable, and the technological advances that provide ENT surgery with novel diagnostic and treatment opportunities are inaccessible.

Conclusion

A multifaceted approach is essential to improve the care of patients with ENT diseases in developing countries. Public health efforts must focus on educating the local community, reducing high-risk behaviours and decreasing the frequency of preventable diseases. Governments must be pressured to prioritise the funding of long-term, sustainable efforts with effective disease prevention strategies. Providing local healthcare professionals with high-quality ENT training so that self-sustaining and low-cost care can be delivered, mainly in a primary care setting, is key.
Supra-auricular and post-auricular resection of pre-auricular and post-auricular sinuses
Authors: Ding H , Xie H , Qiao F , Wang T , Huang X , Ning Q
Published: October 2019

Objective

This study aimed to classify the pre-auricular sinus before performing radical dissection, so as to achieve optimal aesthetic results.

Methods

The recent five-year clinical data of 53 patients with a congenital pre-auricular sinus and infection treated in the hospital were reviewed. According to the sinus course, pre-auricular and post-auricular types were defined, and regional dissection was performed using the modified supra-auricular or post-auricular approach.

Results

All patients achieved primary intention healing of the incision, and were followed up for six months to five years. No recurrence was found, and the incision scar was completely concealed.

Conclusion

Surgical approaches for regional dissection might be adopted based on the different types of pre-auricular sinuses, and further radical dissection might be performed to achieve optimal aesthetic results.
The Politics of Popular Coalitions: Unions and Territorial Social Movements in Post-Neoliberal Latin America (2000–15)
Authors: Etchemendy Sebastián
Published: October 2019

At a general level of neoliberal repudiation or expansion of social policies, most post-neoliberal Latin American governments in the 2000s have exhibited similarities. However, coalitions with popular actors have displayed a lot of variation. In order to compare popular-sector coalitions the article constructs a framework with two central dimensions: electoral and organisational/interest; in post-import substitution industrialisation (ISI) Latin America the latter is composed of both unions and territorial social movements (TSMs). It contends that the region witnessed four types of popular coalitions: electoral (Ecuador and Chile), TSM-based (i.e. made up of informal sector-based organisations, Venezuela and Bolivia), dual (i.e. composed of both unions and TSMs, Argentina and Brazil) and union/party-based (Uruguay). The study argues that government–union coalitions are largely accounted for by the relative size of the formal economy, and by the institutional legacies of labour based-parties. Coalitions with informal sector-based organisations are rooted in the political activation of these TSMs during the anti-neoliberal struggles of the 1990s and early 2000s.
On the number of symbols that forces a transversal
Authors: Keevash Peter , Yepremyan Liana
Published: October 2019

Akbari and Alipour [1] conjectured that any Latin array of order n with at least n2/2 symbols contains a transversal. For large n, we confirm this conjecture, and moreover, we show that n399/200 symbols suffice.
It hurts but I still need it: a qualitative investigation of post-event processing in social anxiety disorder
Authors: Yoshinaga Naoki , Takaoka Kota , Kobori Osamu
Published: October 2019

Background:

It has been proposed that both positive and negative metacognitive beliefs sustain engagement in post-event processing (PEP). However, it is unknown: (1) whether individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) actually derive the benefits from PEP that they expect; (2) if this is not the case, how their positive beliefs are maintained; and (3) if they are aware of the counterproductive effects of PEP, why they still perform PEP.

Aims:

To explore the phenomenology of the processes involved in PEP from the perspective of SADs, in order to address the research questions above.

Method:

Twenty-one participants suffering from SAD received individual semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

Analysis revealed three main themes: (1) ‘Only, safe and useful way to improve myself’: SADs feel the need to improve their social performance, and they believe that PEP is the only, safe, and private way to do so, which is an underlying motive for them to do PEP; (2) ‘It hurts more than helps me’: however, through PEP, they do not seem to obtain the benefit that they expect, or only find a variety of counterproductive outcomes; (3) ‘Better safe than sorry’: they sometimes find makeshift solutions to improve their social performance during PEP, which may maintain their PEP as a form of intermittent reinforcement. They weigh up such costs and benefits, and choose to perform PEP while feeling conflicted about PEP.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that: (1) SADs rarely obtain the benefits from PEP that they expect; (2) their positive metacognitive beliefs are maintained by solutions they sometimes find during PEP; and (3) SADs choose to perform PEP while feeling conflicted; while PEP ironically maintains and exacerbates negative self-beliefs/images, it is the only safe and useful way to improve their social performance. These findings support and expand on the theories of PEP.
“Old Methods Not Up to New Ways”: The Strategic Use of Advertising in the Fight for Pure Food After 1906
Authors: Toulin Alana
Published: October 2019

This article considers how American food manufacturers used advertising and outreach to sway public opinion in the immediate years after the 1906 passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act. Although this federal legislation has long been heralded as a landmark victory for consumer protection, the new law was not a watershed moment for progressivism. Food production and consumption in the United States remained deeply fraught. In the absence of a clearly defined apparatus to enforce the new law and much contestation among policy-makers, business interests, and reformers, the food industry's co-option of reform ideals and rhetoric exemplifies the increasing power of big business over both public policy and mainstream cultural discourse in the United States during the early twentieth century and beyond. While scholars have often framed the push to introduce federal food policy as a fairly linear institutional or political narrative, a cultural historical approach gives new insight into how unresolved questions about purity in food production and consumption have vexed Americans and stymied business interests and policy-makers in ways that have continued to reverberate into the present day.
Art history and the global: deconstructing the latest canonical narrative
Authors: Joyeux-Prunel Béatrice
Published: October 2019

This article reconsiders the breakthrough of global approaches to art history within a broader historical, sociological, and institutional context. It also puts into perspective the interdisciplinary openness of global-oriented approaches, and their impact in the discipline. Aiming at historicizing them up to the present, it questions the notion that the origins of global thinking in art history are to be found in the 1980s with the so-called postcolonial turn among art historians, which has become the canonical narrative. Postcolonial awareness emerged very late among art historians, only in the early 2000s. This contrasted, however, with a long-standing interest in non-Western artefacts and visual cultures among certain art historians, who were also interested in global comparisons and transdisciplinary approaches. These scholars borrowed from other fields such as history, anthropology, philosophy, and psychology, but their work was gradually put aside in the process of building art history as a discipline. This article will try to explain why this happened, and will also argue that the globalization of the art market played a greater role than postcolonial theory in encouraging art historians to adopt a globalized approach.
Party-Determined Viability and Gender Bias in Open-List Proportional Representation Systems
Authors: Ragauskas Rimvydas
Published: October 2019

Using individual-level data from three Lithuanian legislative elections (2008, 2012, 2016), this article investigates voter bias in an open-list proportional representation system in which parties rank candidates but voters are able to fully influence the rank order through preferential voting. This study examines the average effects of and variation in gender bias among voters of different parties. Most importantly, it also investigates how party cues interact with gender cues—that is, whether discriminatory tendencies vary by a candidate's party-determined viability. After establishing that there is no evidence of elite bias in favor of or against women candidates, with the exception of the Social Democrats and a few other parties, I demonstrate that, on average, female Lithuanian politicians receive approximately 7% fewer preferential votes than their male counterparts. In addition, the models predict that gender bias is most pronounced against the female candidates who are best placed to enter parliament. Finally, I demonstrate that Social Democratic voters are, on average, the most undisposed toward female candidates, correcting for positive elite bias toward female candidates from the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party, while voters of the Homeland Union party (conservatives) strongly prefer women politicians.
Relating Observations of Gradient Nonbalance at the Top of Hurricanes With Their Warm Core Structures
Authors: Cohen Yair , Durden Stephen L. , Harnik Nili , Heifetz Eyal
Published: October 2019

Recent analysis of Weather Research and Forecasting simulations shows that the flow around high‐pressure regions that often develop at the top of Hurricanes (15‐km altitude) violates the gradient wind balance, hence termed as “gradient nonbalance.” While observations at such high altitudes are rare, recently, NASA‐HS3 and the Office of Naval Research‐Tropical Cyclone Intensity campaigns deployed dropsondes from unprecedented levels around 18 km. In this work we use a wavenumber decomposition method to reproduce 2‐D slices and 3‐D structures from three storms from these campaigns: Edouard (2014), Joaquin (2015), and Patricia (2015). The analyzed data show that the development of high pressure at the hurricane's top leads to various degrees of gradient nonbalance. These highs are a hydrostatic reflection of the storm tilt, which offsets the warm core with respect to the near surface low and the slanted eyewall. The implications of these findings and the relations with recent reports of upper‐level wind field are discussed.
Detecting the State of the Climate System via Artificial Intelligence to Improve Seasonal Forecasts and Inform Reservoir Operations
Authors: Giuliani Matteo , Zaniolo Marta , Castelletti Andrea , Davoli Guido , Block Paul
Published: October 2019

Increasingly variable hydrologic regimes combined with more frequent and intense extreme events are challenging water systems management worldwide. These trends emphasize the need of accurate medium‐ to long‐term predictions to timely prompt anticipatory operations. Despite in some locations global climate oscillations and particularly the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) may contribute to extending forecast lead times, in other regions there is no consensus on how ENSO can be detected, and used as local conditions are also influenced by other concurrent climate signals. In this work, we introduce the Climate State Intelligence framework to capture the state of multiple global climate signals via artificial intelligence and improve seasonal forecasts. These forecasts are used as additional inputs for informing water system operations and their value is quantified as the corresponding gain in system performance. We apply the framework to the Lake Como basin, a regulated lake in northern Italy mainly operated for flood control and irrigation supply. Numerical results show the existence of notable teleconnection patterns dependent on both ENSO and the North Atlantic Oscillation over the Alpine region, which contribute in generating skilful seasonal precipitation and hydrologic forecasts. The use of this information for conditioning the lake operations produces an average 44% improvement in system performance with respect to a baseline solution not informed by any forecast, with this gain that further increases during extreme drought episodes. Our results also suggest that observed preseason sea surface temperature anomalies appear more valuable than hydrologic‐based seasonal forecasts, producing an average 59% improvement in system performance.
Correction: Whole exome sequencing study identifies novel rare and common Alzheimer’s-Associated variants involved in immune response and transcriptional regulation
Authors:   Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project, Bis Joshua C. , Jian Xueqiu , Kunkle Brian W. , Chen Yuning , Hamilton-Nelson Kara L. , Bush William S. , Salerno William J. , Lancour Daniel , Ma Yiyi , Renton Alan E. , Marcora Edoardo , Farrell John J. , Zhao Yi , Qu Liming , Ahmad Shahzad , Amin Najaf , Amouyel Philippe , Beecham Gary W. , Below Jennifer E. , Campion Dominique , Cantwell Laura , Charbonnier Camille , Chung Jaeyoon , Crane Paul K. , Cruchaga Carlos , Cupples L. Adrienne , Dartigues Jean-François , Debette Stéphanie , Deleuze Jean-François , Fulton Lucinda , Gabriel Stacey B. , Genin Emmanuelle , Gibbs Richard A. , Goate Alison , Grenier-Boley Benjamin , Gupta Namrata , Haines Jonathan L. , Havulinna Aki S. , Helisalmi Seppo , Hiltunen Mikko , Howrigan Daniel P. , Ikram M. Arfan , Kaprio Jaakko , Konrad Jan , Kuzma Amanda , Lander Eric S. , Lathrop Mark , Lehtimäki Terho , Lin Honghuang , Mattila Kari , Mayeux Richard , Muzny Donna M. , Nasser Waleed , Neale Benjamin , Nho Kwangsik , Nicolas Gaël , Patel Devanshi , Pericak-Vance Margaret A. , Perola Markus , Psaty Bruce M. , Quenez Olivier , Rajabli Farid , Redon Richard , Reitz Christiane , Remes Anne M. , Salomaa Veikko , Sarnowski Chloe , Schmidt Helena , Schmidt Michael , Schmidt Reinhold , Soininen Hilkka , Thornton Timothy A. , Tosto Giuseppe , Tzourio Christophe , van der Lee Sven J. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Valladares Otto , Vardarajan Badri , Wang Li-San , Wang Weixin , Wijsman Ellen , Wilson Richard K. , Witten Daniela , Worley Kim C. , Zhang Xiaoling , Bellenguez Celine , Lambert Jean-Charles , Kurki Mitja I. , Palotie Aarno , Daly Mark , Boerwinkle Eric , Lunetta Kathryn L. , Destefano Anita L. , Dupuis Josée , Martin Eden R. , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Seshadri Sudha , Naj Adam C. , Fornage Myriam , Farrer Lindsay A.
Published: October 2019

A correction to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Benchmarking of survival outcomes following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A review of existing processes and the introduction of an international system from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the Joint Accreditation Committee of ISCT and EBMT (JACIE)
Authors: Snowden John A. , Saccardi Riccardo , Orchard Kim , Ljungman Per , Duarte Rafael F. , Labopin Myriam , McGrath Eoin , Brook Nigel , de Elvira Carmen Ruiz , Gordon Debra , Poirel Hélène A. , Ayuk Francis , Beguin Yves , Bonifazi Francesca , Gratwohl Alois , Milpied Noel , Moore John , Passweg Jakob , Rizzo J. Douglas , Spellman Stephen R. , Sierra Jorge , Solano Carlos , Sanchez-Guijo Fermin , Worel Nina , Gusi Andreu , Adams Gillian , Balan Theodor , Baldomero Helen , Macq Gilles , Marry Evelyne , Mesnil Florence , Oldani Elena , Pearce Rachel , Perry Julia , Raus Nicole , Schanz Urs , Tran Steven , Wilcox Leonie , Basak Grzegorz W. , Chabannon Christian , Corbacioglu Selim , Dolstra Harry , Kuball Jürgen , Mohty Mohamad , Lankester Arjan , Montoto Sylvia , Nagler Arnon , Styczynski Jan , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , de Latour Regis Peffault , Kroeger Nicolaus , Brand Ronald , de Wreede Liesbeth C. , van Zwet Erik , Putter Hein
Published: October 2019

In many healthcare settings, benchmarking for complex procedures has become a mandatory requirement by competent authorities, regulators, payers and patients to assure clinical performance, cost-effectiveness and safe care of patients. In several countries inside and outside Europe, benchmarking systems have been established for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but access is not universal. As benchmarking is now integrated into the FACT-JACIE standards, the EBMT and JACIE established a Clinical Outcomes Group (COG) to develop and introduce a universal system accessible across EBMT members. Established systems from seven European countries (United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium, France, Germany, Spain, Switzerland), USA and Australia were appraised, revealing similarities in process, but wide variations in selection criteria and statistical methods. In tandem, the COG developed the first phase of a bespoke risk-adapted international benchmarking model for one-year survival following allogeneic and autologous HSCT based on current capabilities within the EBMT registry core dataset. Data completeness, which has a critical impact on validity of centre comparisons, is also assessed. Ongoing development will include further scientific validation of the model, incorporation of further variables (when appropriate) alongside implementation of systems for clinically meaningful interpretation and governance aiming to maximise acceptance to centres, clinicians, payers and patients across EBMT.
Wetting transitions in droplet drying on soft materials
Authors: Gerber Julia , Lendenmann Tobias , Eghlidi Hadi , Schutzius Thomas M. , Poulikakos Dimos
Published: October 2019

Droplet interactions with compliant materials are familiar, but surprisingly complex processes of importance to the manufacturing, chemical, and garment industries. Despite progress—previous research indicates that mesoscopic substrate deformations can enhance droplet drying or slow down spreading dynamics—our understanding of how the intertwined effects of transient wetting phenomena and substrate deformation affect drying remains incomplete. Here we show that above a critical receding contact line speed during drying, a previously not observed wetting transition occurs. We employ 4D confocal reference-free traction force microscopy (cTFM) to quantify the transient displacement and stress fields with the needed resolution, revealing high and asymmetric local substrate deformations leading to contact line pinning, illustrating a rate-dependent wettability on viscoelastic solids. Our study has significance for understanding the liquid removal mechanism on compliant substrates and for the associated surface design considerations. The developed methodology paves the way to study complex dynamic compliant substrate phenomena.
Author Correction: A glomerulus-on-a-chip to recapitulate the human glomerular filtration barrier
Authors: Petrosyan Astgik , Cravedi Paolo , Villani Valentina , Angeletti Andrea , Manrique Joaquin , Renieri Alessandra , De Filippo Roger E. , Perin Laura , Da Sacco Stefano
Published: October 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
A human immune dysregulation syndrome characterized by severe hyperinflammation with a homozygous nonsense Roquin-1 mutation
Authors: Tavernier S. J. , Athanasopoulos V. , Verloo P. , Behrens G. , Staal J. , Bogaert D. J. , Naesens L. , De Bruyne M. , Van Gassen S. , Parthoens E. , Ellyard J. , Cappello J. , Morris L. X. , Van Gorp H. , Van Isterdael G. , Saeys Y. , Lamkanfi M. , Schelstraete P. , Dehoorne J. , Bordon V. , Van Coster R. , Lambrecht B. N. , Menten B. , Beyaert R. , Vinuesa C. G. , Heissmeyer V. , Dullaers M. , Haerynck F.
Published: October 2019

Hyperinflammatory syndromes are life-threatening disorders caused by overzealous immune cell activation and cytokine release, often resulting from defects in negative feedback mechanisms. In the quintessential hyperinflammatory syndrome familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), inborn errors of cytotoxicity result in effector cell accumulation, immune dysregulation and, if untreated, tissue damage and death. Here, we describe a human case with a homozygous nonsense R688*RC3H1mutation suffering from hyperinflammation, presenting as relapsing HLH.RC3H1encodes Roquin-1, a posttranscriptional repressor of immune-regulatory proteins such as ICOS, OX40 and TNF. Comparing the R688* variant with the murine M199R variant reveals a phenotypic resemblance, both in immune cell activation, hypercytokinemia and disease development. Mechanistically, R688* Roquin-1 fails to localize to P-bodies and interact with the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex, impeding mRNA decay and dysregulating cytokine production. The results from this unique case suggest that impaired Roquin-1 function provokes hyperinflammation by a failure to quench immune activation.
Transcriptional programming using engineered systems of transcription factors and genetic architectures
Authors: Rondon Ronald E. , Groseclose Thomas M. , Short Andrew E. , Wilson Corey J.
Published: October 2019

The control of gene expression is an important tool for metabolic engineering, the design of synthetic gene networks, and protein manufacturing. The most successful approaches to date are based on modulating mRNA synthesis via an inducible coupling to transcriptional effectors. Here we present a biological programming structure that leverages a system of engineered transcription factors and complementary genetic architectures. We use a modular design strategy to create 27 non-natural and non-synonymous transcription factors using the lactose repressor topology as a guide. To direct systems of engineered transcription factors we employ parallel and series genetic (DNA) architectures and confer fundamental and combinatorial logical control over gene expression. Here we achieve AND, OR, NOT, and NOR logical controls in addition to two non-canonical half-AND operations. The basic logical operations and corresponding parallel and series genetic architectures represent the building blocks for subsequent combinatorial programs, which display both digital and analog performance.
Muscle tissue engineering in fibrous gelatin: implications for meat analogs
Authors: MacQueen Luke A. , Alver Charles G. , Chantre Christophe O. , Ahn Seungkuk , Cera Luca , Gonzalez Grant M. , O’Connor Blakely B. , Drennan Daniel J. , Peters Michael M. , Motta Sarah E. , Zimmerman John F. , Parker Kevin Kit
Published: October 2019

Bioprocessing applications that derive meat products from animal cell cultures require food-safe culture substrates that support volumetric expansion and maturation of adherent muscle cells. Here we demonstrate scalable production of microfibrous gelatin that supports cultured adherent muscle cells derived from cow and rabbit. As gelatin is a natural component of meat, resulting from collagen denaturation during processing and cooking, our extruded gelatin microfibers recapitulated structural and biochemical features of natural muscle tissues. Using immersion rotary jet spinning, a dry-jet wet-spinning process, we produced gelatin fibers at high rates (~ 100 g/h, dry weight) and, depending on process conditions, we tuned fiber diameters between ~ 1.3 ± 0.1 μm (mean ± SEM) and 8.7 ± 1.4 μm (mean ± SEM), which are comparable to natural collagen fibers. To inhibit fiber degradation during cell culture, we crosslinked them either chemically or by co-spinning gelatin with a microbial crosslinking enzyme. To produce meat analogs, we cultured bovine aortic smooth muscle cells and rabbit skeletal muscle myoblasts in gelatin fiber scaffolds, then used immunohistochemical staining to verify that both cell types attached to gelatin fibers and proliferated in scaffold volumes. Short-length gelatin fibers promoted cell aggregation, whereas long fibers promoted aligned muscle tissue formation. Histology, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing demonstrated that cultured muscle lacked the mature contractile architecture observed in natural muscle but recapitulated some of the structural and mechanical features measured in meat products.
Distorted mental spatial representation of multi-level buildings - Humans are biased towards equilateral shapes of height and width
Authors: Ertl M. , Klaus M. , Brandt T. , Dieterich M. , Mast F. W.
Published: October 2019

A distorted model of a familiar multi-level building with a systematic overestimation of the height was demonstrated earlier in psychophysical and real world navigational tasks. In the current study we further investigated this phenomenon with a tablet-based application. Participants were asked to adjust height and width of the presented buildings to best match their memory of the dimensional ratio. The estimation errors between adjusted and true height-width ratios were analyzed. Additionally, familiarity with respect to in- and outside of the building as well as demographic data were acquired. A total of 142 subjects aged 21 to 90 years from the cities of Bern and Munich were tested. Major results were: (1) a median overestimation of the height of the multi-level buildings of 11%; (2) estimation errors were significantly less if the particular building was unknown to participants; (3) in contrast, the height of tower-like buildings was underestimated; (4) the height of long, flat shaped buildings was overestimated. (5) Further features, such as the architectonical complexity were critical. Overall, our internal models of large multi-level buildings are distorted due to multiple factors including geometric features and memory effects demonstrating that such individual models are not rigid but plastic with consequences for spatial orientation and navigation.
Versatile format of minichaperone-based protein fusion system
Authors: Yurkova Maria S. , Sharapova Olga A. , Zenin Vladimir A. , Fedorov Alexey N.
Published: October 2019

Hydrophobic recombinant proteins often tend to aggregate upon expression into inclusion bodies and are difficult to refold. Producing them in soluble forms constitutes a common bottleneck problem. A fusion system for production of insoluble hydrophobic proteins in soluble stable forms with thermophilic minichaperone, GroEL apical domain (GrAD) as a carrier, has recently been developed. To provide the utmost flexibility of the system for interactions between the carrier and various target protein moieties a strategy of making permutated protein variants by gene engineering has been applied: the original N- and C-termini of the minichaperone were linked together by a polypeptide linker and new N- and C-termini were made at desired parts of the protein surface. Two permutated GrAD forms were created and analyzed. Constructs of GrAD and both of its permutated forms fused with the initially insoluble N-terminal fragment of hepatitis C virus’ E2 protein were tested. Expressed fusions formed inclusion bodies. After denaturation, all fusions were completely renatured in stable soluble forms. A variety of permutated GrAD variants can be created. The versatile format of the system provides opportunities for choosing an optimal pair between particular target protein moiety and the best-suited original or specific permutated carrier.
Modelling optimal behavioural strategies in structured populations using a novel theoretical framework
Authors: Morozov Andrew , Kuzenkov Oleg A. , Arashkevich Elena G.
Published: October 2019

Understanding complex behavioural patterns of organisms observed in nature can be facilitated using mathematical modelling. The conventional paradigm in animal behavior modelling consists of maximisation of some evolutionary fitness function. However, the definition of fitness of an organism or population is generally subjective, and using different criteria can lead us to contradictory model predictions regarding optimal behaviour. Moreover, structuring of natural populations in terms of individual size or developmental stage creates an extra challenge for theoretical modelling. Here we revisit and formalise the definition of evolutionary fitness to describe long-term selection of strategies in deterministic self-replicating systems for generic modelling settings which involve an arbitrary function space of inherited strategies. Then we show how optimal behavioural strategies can be obtained for different developmental stages in a generic von-Foerster stage-structured population model with an arbitrary mortality term. We implement our theoretical framework to explore patterns of optimal diel vertical migration (DVM) of two dominant zooplankton species in the north-eastern Black Sea. We parameterise the model using 7 years of empirical data from 2007-2014 and show that the observed DVM can be explained as the result of a trade-off between depth-dependent metabolic costs for grazers, anoxia zones, available food, and visual predation.
Macaques are risk-averse in a freely moving foraging task
Authors: Eisenreich* Benjamin R. , Hayden Benjamin Y. , Zimmermann Jan
Published: October 2019

Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) appear to be robustly risk-seeking in computerized gambling tasks typically used for electrophysiology. This behavior distinguishes them from many other animals, which are risk-averse, albeit measured in more naturalistic contexts. We wondered whether macaques’ risk preferences reflect their evolutionary history or derive from the less naturalistic elements of task design associated with the demands of physiological recording. We assessed macaques’ risk attitudes in a task that is somewhat more naturalistic than many that have previously been used: subjects foraged at four feeding stations in a large enclosure. Patches (i.e., stations), provided either stochastically or non-stochastically depleting rewards. Subjects’ patch residence times were longer at safe than at risky stations, indicating a preference for safe options. This preference was not attributable to a win-stay-lose-shift heuristic and reversed as the environmental richness increased. These findings highlight the lability of risk attitudes in macaques and support the hypothesis that the ecological validity of a task can influence the expression of risk preference.
The effect of introducing antibiotics into organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Hafeez Hassan , Jesuraj P. Justin , Kim Dong Hyun , Lee Jong Chan , Shin Jun Young , Rhee Sang Ho , Lee Won Ho , Choi Dae Keun , Cha Jun Hwan , Lee Chang Min , Kim Chul Hoon , Lamichhane Janardan , Pokhrel Anaya , Kim Tae-Su , Sohng Jae Kyung , Yun Hyung Joong , Park Jong Bae , Chung Hee-Suk , Bae Tae-Sung , Lee Sang Geul , Park Hyun-Woo , Chung Kwun-Bum , Song Aeran , Hyuk Kwon Jang , Woo Bae Hyeong , Kang Yong-Cheol , Park Juyun , Song Myungkwan , Kim Chang-Su , Yoon Ryu Seung
Published: October 2019

The quest to improve the performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has led to the exploration of new materials with properties like interfacial dipole, excitons generation, and bandgap alignment. Here, we exploit these strategies by investigating the interaction of the antibiotic ampicillin with a widely used optoelectronic material, to fabricate state-of-the-art OLEDs. The charge distribution on the ampicillin molecule facilitates the generation of an interfacial dipole with a large magnitude. The optimum fusion of the two materials provides an enhanced bandgap alignment, charge balance and J/H-aggregated excitons. Values of current efficiency (120 cdA−1), external quantum efficiency (~35%) and power efficiency (70 lmW−1) are demonstrated. The cross-evaluation of performance with penicillin devices indicates the significance of ampicillin’s specific molecular structure in improving performance. The detailed investigations demonstrate that ampicillin has superior optoelectronic properties with high potential to contribute extensively in OLEDs and photovoltaics.
Determination of meningioma brain tumour grades using Raman microspectroscopy imaging
Authors: Morais Camilo L. M. , Lilo Taha , Ashton Katherine M. , Davis Charles , Dawson Timothy P. , Gurusinghe Nihal , Martin Francis L.
Published: October 2019

Raman microspectroscopy imaging was used to distinguish 90 brain tissue samples into meningiomas Grade I and Grade II.
Detection of breast cancer-derived exosomes using the horseradish peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme as an aptasensor
Authors: Zhou Yu , Xu Huiying , Wang Hua , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: October 2019

A hairpin-like aptasensor combining the specific MUC1 aptamer with a hemin/G-quadruplex is developed for the detection of breast cancer exosomes.
3D nanoporous plasmonic chips for extremely sensitive NO2 detection
Authors: Kim Sunho , Jung Ho Sang , Kim Dong-Ho , Kim Shin-Hyun , Park Sung-Gyu
Published: October 2019

This paper presents extremely sensitive SERS-based NO2 gas sensors based on 3D nanoporous Au nanostructures with a large Au surface for the effective adsorption of NO2 gas molecules and a high density of hotspots.
An ionic liquid composed of purely functional sensing molecules: a colorimetrically calcium responsive ionic liquid
Authors: Niwa Yusuke , Mizuta Tatsumi , Sueyoshi Kenji , Endo Tatsuro , Hisamoto Hideaki
Published: October 2019

A new unique ionic liquid consisting of two purely functional sensing molecules, an anionic calcium ionophore and a cationic dye, was developed for the first time, and highly sensitive calcium detection was achieved.
Synthesis of gold allyloxysulfonium complexes and elimination to form an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde
Authors: Kim Nana , Widenhoefer Ross A.
Published: October 2019

Reaction of a cationic gold vinyl carbene/allylic cation complex with sulfoxides forms gold allyloxysulfonium complexes that undergo thermal elimination to form aldehyde.
Cucurbit[8]uril-based supramolecular nanocapsules with a multienzyme-cascade antioxidative effect
Authors: Liu Shengda , Tian Ruizhen , Xu Jiayun , Wang Liang , Sun Jianxin , Jiang Xiaojia , Wang Tingting , Li Xiumei , Luo Quan , Liu Junqiu
Published: October 2019

Supramolecular nanocapsules with both SOD and GPx activities were constructed by the ternary host–guest complexation of azobenzene (Azo) and methylviologen (MV) to cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and the subsequent self-assembly.
An unexpected cascade reaction of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with coumarin-3-carboxylates to construct 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran spirooxindoles
Authors: Zhang Kuan , Han Huabin , Wang Lele , Zhang Ziying , Wang Qilin , Zhang Wenjing , Bu Zhanwei
Published: October 2019

An unexpected Michael addition-inspired ring-opening/closure cascade reaction of 3-hydroxyoxindoles with coumarin-3-carboxylates was developed.
Quantifying the binding between proteins and open chromatin-like DNA sequences with gold nanorods
Authors: Pallares Roger M. , Thanh Nguyen Thi Kim , Su Xiaodi
Published: October 2019

We developed a gold nanorod-based colorimetric assay for the binding of transcription factors to DNA in long open chromatin-like structures. After determining of the binding affinity and stoichiometry, we explored the effect of the probe length on the assay performance.
Supramolecular recognition of phosphocholine by an enzyme-like cavitand receptor
Authors: Legnani Laura , Puglisi Roberta , Pappalardo Andrea , Chiacchio Maria Assunta , Trusso Sfrazzetto Giuseppe
Published: October 2019

The first supramolecular receptor for phosphocholine, able to detect ppb levels of the guest with high efficiency (K up to 107 M−1) and selectivity, is reported here.
Palladium(ii)-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)–P bond formation via C(sp3)–H bond activation
Authors: Chen Lijin , Zhou Zhenfei , Zhang Saifei , Li Xiaoqian , Ma Xuebing , Dong Jiaxing
Published: October 2019

A palladium-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)–H/P–H cross-coupling reaction has been realized via chelation-assisted C(sp3)–H bond activation.
Versatile, one-pot introduction of nonahalogenated 2-ammonio-decaborate ions as boron cluster scaffolds into organic molecules; host–guest complexation with γ-cyclodextrin
Authors: El Anwar Suzan , Assaf Khaleel I. , Begaj Barbara , Samsonov Maksim A. , Růžičková Zdeňka , Holub Josef , Bavol Dmytro , Nau Werner M. , Gabel Detlef , Grűner Bohumír
Published: October 2019

A new method for previously inaccessible coupling of halogenated polyhedral ions with organic molecules is presented along with studies on the supramolecular complexation with cyclodextrin.
Synthesis of self-assembled spindle-like CePO4 with electrochemical sensing performance
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Xiujuan , Cao Xiang , Jiang Youxiang , Zhang Dongen , Yang Tang , Zhang Fan , Luo Yuhui
Published: October 2019

Three different morphologies of CePO4 nanocrystals (rods, columns, and spindle-like assembled nanosheets), spindle-like LaPO4, spindle-like PrPO4, and TbPO4 microspheres were successfully synthesized using a hydrothermal method.
Structure, stability and water adsorption on ultra-thin TiO2 supported on TiN
Authors: Gutiérrez Moreno José Julio , Fronzi Marco , Lovera Pierre , O’Riordan Alan , Ford Michael J. , Li Wenjin , Nolan Michael
Published: October 2019

Water adsorbs dissociatively on O-defective ultra-thin TiO1.75 supported on TiN. The Ti3+ states reduce the energy gap compared to TiO2.
Predicted high thermoelectric performance in a two-dimensional indium telluride monolayer and its dependence on strain
Authors: Li Min-Shan , Chen Kai-Xuan , Mo Dong-Chuan , Lyu Shu-Shen
Published: October 2019

Group IIIA–VIA monolayers are predicted to exhibit high thermoelectric performance, owing to their low thermal conductance and unique band structures.
Understanding the adsorption of ionic liquids onto zeolite ZSM-5 from aqueous solution: experimental and computational modelling
Authors: Kurnia Kiki Adi , Kusumawati Yuly , Prasetyoko Didik , Tehubijuluw Hellna , Alamsjah Mochammad Amin , Coutinho João A. P.
Published: October 2019

The adsorption of ionic liquids onto ZSM-5 follow is a combination between Langmuir and Freundlich behaviors, with the latter leading the general process.
Important features of the potential energy surface of the methylamine plus O(1D) reaction
Authors: Wolf Mark E. , Hoobler Preston R. , Turney Justin M. , Schaefer Henry F.
Published: October 2019

This research presents an ab initio characterization of the potential energy surface for the methylamine plus 1D oxygen atom reaction, which may be relevant to interstellar chemistry.
Solid-state transformation of TMA-magadiite into zeolite omega and detailed insights into the crystallization process
Authors: Lv Tianming , Wang Yu , Zhang Shoulei , Feng Zhe , Zheng Jiqi , Yang Jing , Liu Xin , Liu Xiaoyu , Meng Changgong
Published: October 2019

Highly crystalline zeolite omega was obtained by the solid-state transformation of TMA-magadiite, and the crystallization behaviors during the reaction process were investigated.