bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realist Review of Interventions Influencing Waste Management and Minimization Practices in New Zealand: Protocol and Initial Program Theory
Authors: Sharma Sudesh Raj , Walton Mat , Baker Virginia , Hepi Maria , Manning Suzanne
Published: February 2021

Background:

The effects of waste on the environment and human health continue to increase despite behavioral, technological and policy actions for the management and minimization of waste. We plan to undertake a realist review of waste management and minimization interventions within New Zealand to inform effective approaches to waste minimization and management interventions. This protocol paper describes the steps of the realist review, including the objectives, theoretical frameworks and steps used.

Methods:

Realist review is a theory guided approach that seeks to understand the context-mechanism-outcome configuration of an intervention and generate insights on what works for whom, under what conditions and how. The protocol presents an integrated working theoretical framework comprising of three social theories (Social Learning Theory, Collective Action Theory and Social Practice theory), set within an indigenous Māori implementation framework, He Pikinga Waiora. The initial program theory generated from a first stage rapid review is presented. This initial program theory will be tested through a full literature review and analysis, as well as participatory sense making workshops with key stakeholders.

Discussion:

The review will help to generate insights on the generative causal mechanisms of waste minimization interventions in the context of New Zealand. This protocol emphasizes the initial program theory of change as a starting point for further review and design of improved interventions for waste minimization. Through identifying and testing the program theory, with insights from both indigenous and social practice theories, the proposed review will support the design of policies, programs and activities required to achieve the desired outcome of waste minimization in the context of New Zealand.
Frontline heroes: Bush fires, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the Queensland Press
Authors: Kerby Martin , Baguley Margaret , Gehrmann Richard , Bedford Alison
Published: February 2021

During the catastrophic 2019 and 2020 bushfire season and the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, Queensland’s Courier Mail regularly celebrated firefighters and health workers as national archetypes. By positioning them as the ‘new Anzacs’, the Courier Mail was able to communicate an understanding of the crises using a rhetoric that was familiar, unthreatening and reassuring. The firefighters, both professional and volunteer, were easily subsumed into the mythology’s celebration of national identity. As Queensland’s health workers were predominantly female, urban-based and educated, the article used a more modern iteration of the Anzac mythology better suited to this different context. The emergence of a ‘kinder, gentler Anzac’ in the 1970s and its focus on trauma, suffering and empathy proved equally useful as a rhetorical tool. Both approaches were underpinned by a move away from a narrow military context to the Anzac mythology’s standing as a civic religion that celebrates more universal values such as courage, endurance, sacrifice and comradeship.
Identification of mortality-risk-related missense variant for renal clear cell carcinoma using deep learning
Authors: Chen Jin-Bor , Yang Huai-Shuo , Moi Sin-Hua , Chuang Li-Yeh , Yang Cheng-Hong
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRCC) is a highly heterogeneous and lethal cancer that can arise in patients with renal disease. DeepSurv combines a deep feed-forward neural network with a Cox proportional hazards function and could provide optimized survival results compared with convenient survival analysis.

Methods:

This study used an improved DeepSurv algorithm to identify the candidate genes to be targeted for treatment on the basis of the overall mortality status of KIRCC subjects. All the somatic mutation missense variants of KIRCC subjects were abstracted from TCGA-KIRC database.

Results:

The improved DeepSurv model (95.1%) achieved greater balanced accuracy compared with the DeepSurv model (75%), and identified 610 high-risk variants associated with overall mortality. The results of gene differential expression analysis also indicated nine KIRCC mortality-risk-related pathways, namely the tRNA charging pathway, the D-myo-inositol-5-phosphate metabolism pathway, the DNA double-strand break repair by nonhomologous end-joining pathway, the superpathway of inositol phosphate compounds, the 3-phosphoinositide degradation pathway, the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages pathway, the synaptic long-term depression pathway, the sperm motility pathway, and the role of JAK2 in hormone-like cytokine signaling pathway. The biological findings in this study indicate the KIRCC mortality-risk-related pathways were more likely to be associated with cancer cell growth, cancer cell differentiation, and immune response inhibition.

Conclusion:

The results proved that the improved DeepSurv model effectively classified mortality-related high-risk variants and identified the candidate genes. In the context of KIRCC overall mortality, the proposed model effectively recognized mortality-related high-risk variants for KIRCC.
Is There Value in Early Postoperative Visits Following Hip Fracture Surgery?
Authors: Ganta Abhishek , Dedhia Nicket , Ranson Rachel A. , Robitsek Jonathan , Hsu Joseph R. , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A.
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Despite the recommendation for postoperative orthopedic follow-up after a hip fracture in elderly patients, many patients do not return for these visits. In this study, we attempt to determine if early follow-up (<4 weeks post-discharge) changes orthopedic post-operative management.

Materials and. Methods:

1232 patients aged > 55 years old who underwent operative fixation for hip fractures were enrolled into an orthopedic trauma registry and followed from hospitalization through one year. Demographics, comorbidities, injury severity, and hospital course data were collected. Need for readmission and orthopedic follow-up were ascertained through chart review.

Results:

417 patients (33.8%) patients did not return for any follow-up and 30 (2.4%) patients died <30 days from discharge. 370 (45.5%) patients had early orthopedic follow-up ≤28 days after discharge. 317 (38.9%) patients were seen ≥29 days after discharge (late follow-up). 127 (15.6%) patients returned for isolated non-orthopedic care. There were 23 (6.2%) readmissions in the early group, 17 (5.4%) in the late group, and 24 (18.9%) in the no follow-up group (p < 0.001). Patients discharged home were more likely to present for early follow-up compared to those with late and non-orthopedic follow-up (p = 0.002), however there was no difference in readmission rates between those discharged home vs. SNFs/SARs.

Discussion:

Patients who received isolated non-orthopedic follow-up within 4 weeks of surgery experienced more hospital readmissions than those with follow-up in that time period; however, these readmissions were primarily due to medical issues. There was no difference in orthopedic-related readmissions and changes in orthopedic management between groups. Patients discharged to SNFs/SARs did not present for early orthopedic as often as those discharged home.

Conclusion:

Early orthopedic follow up after hip fracture care does not change post-operative management in these patients and has implications for value-based care.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III.
Emotions, Planning and Co-production: Distrust, Anger and Fear at Participatory Boundaries in Bengaluru
Authors: Sundaresan Jayaraj , John Benjamin
Published: February 2021

Emotions relationally and performatively constitute the very boundaries that distinguish the subject from the other(s). The urban human in India is affectively constituted by many intense emotional experiences of everyday life. Adopting a participation view of planning and drawing from Sarah Ahmed (2014, The cultural politics of emotion. Edinburgh University Press), we examine ‘what emotions do’ in the planning and participatory atmospheres (Buser, 2014, Planning Theory, vol. 13, pp. 227–243) in Bangalore. Tracing emotional content embedded in participations and non-participations, we demonstrate how distrust, anger and fear co-produced the process and outcomes of the 2031 Master Plan of Bangalore. We join the few emerging scholars that call attention to the emotional geographies of planning, particularly to be able to transform the continuing colonial urban management practice in the postcolonial world to that of planning. Planning, we argue, has to involve participation, in which emotions, we demonstrate, are the connective tissue (Newman, 2012, Critical Policy Studies, vol. 6, pp. 465–479).
Ophthalmic associations of oculodermal melanocytosis in a tertiary eye hospital in South Asia
Authors: Sarker Bipul Kumer De , Malek Mohammad Ibn Abdul , Abdullahi Sadiq , Iftekhar Sazzad , Sakeb Nazmus , Mahatma Mallika , Sarkar Mridul Kumar
Published: February 2021

Oculodermal melanocytosis (ODM), though rare, is associated with a number of sight-threatening complications including glaucoma. The purpose of this Case Series study was to determine the ophthalmic features in patients diagnosed with ODM. Here, we describe five patients presented with ODM, with the most common ocular features identified being hyperpigmentation of the conjunctiva, sclera and heterochromia iridis. Others included hyperpigmentation of trabecular meshwork, glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment and ocular hypertension in one patient. As such, all patients with ODM should have a comprehensive ocular evaluation.
Acid tolerance in early colonizers of oral biofilms
Authors: Boisen Gabriella , Davies Julia R. , Neilands Jessica
Published: February 2021

Background

In caries, low pH drives selection and enrichment of acidogenic and aciduric bacteria in oral biofilms, and development of acid tolerance in early colonizers is thought to play a key role in this shift. Since previous studies have focussed on planktonic cells, the effect of biofilm growth as well as the role of a salivary pellicle on this process is largely unknown. We explored acid tolerance and acid tolerance response (ATR) induction in biofilm cells of both clinical and laboratory strains of three oral streptococcal species (Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis and Streptococcus mutans) as well as two oral species of Actinomyces (A. naeslundii and A. odontolyticus) and examined the role of salivary proteins in acid tolerance development.

Methods

Biofilms were formed on surfaces in Ibidi® mini flow cells with or without a coating of salivary proteins and acid tolerance assessed by exposing them to a challenge known to kill non-acid tolerant cells (pH 3.5 for 30 min) followed by staining with LIVE/DEAD BacLight and confocal scanning laser microscopy. The ability to induce an ATR was assessed by exposing the biofilms to an adaptation pH (pH 5.5) for 2 hours prior to the low pH challenge.

Results

Biofilm formation significantly increased acid tolerance in all the clinical streptococcal strains (P < 0.05) whereas the laboratory strains varied in their response. In biofilms, S. oralis was much more acid tolerant than S. gordonii or S. mutans. A. naeslundii showed a significant increase in acid tolerance in biofilms compared to planktonic cells (P < 0.001) which was not seen for A. odontolyticus. All strains except S. oralis induced an ATR after pre-exposure to pH 5.5 (P < 0.05). The presence of a salivary pellicle enhanced both acid tolerance development and ATR induction in S. gordonii biofilms (P < 0.05) but did not affect the other bacteria to the same extent.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that factors such as surface contact, the presence of a salivary pellicle and sensing of environmental pH can contribute to the development of high levels of acid tolerance amongst early colonizers in oral biofilms which may be important in the initiation of caries.
Baseline monitoring of volcanic regions with little recent activity: application of Sentinel-1 InSAR to Turkish volcanoes
Authors: Biggs Juliet , Dogru Fikret , Dagliyar Ayse , Albino Fabien , Yip Stanley , Brown Sarah , Anantrasirichai Nantheera , Atıcı Gökhan
Published: February 2021

Volcanoes have dormancy periods that may last decades to centuries meaning that eruptions at volcanoes with no historical records of eruptions are common. Baseline monitoring to detect the early stages of reawakening is therefore important even in regions with little recent volcanic activity. Satellite techniques, such as InSAR, are ideally suited for routinely surveying large and inaccessible regions, but the large datasets typically require expert interpretation. Here we focus on Turkey where there are 10 Holocene volcanic systems, but no eruptions since 1855 and consequently little ground-based monitoring. We analyse data from the first five years of the European Space Agency Sentinel-1 mission which collects data over Turkey every 6 days on both ascending and descending passes. The high relief edifices of Turkey’s volcanoes cause two challenges: 1) snow cover during the winter months causes a loss of coherence and 2) topographically-correlated atmospheric artefacts could be misinterpreted as deformation. We propose mitigation strategies for both. The raw time series at Hasan Dag volcano shows uplift of ~ 10 cm between September 2017 and July 2018, but atmospheric corrections based on global weather models demonstrate that this is an artefact and reduce the scatter in the data to < 1 cm. We develop two image classification schemes for dealing with the large datasets: one is an easy to follow flowchart designed for non-specialist monitoring staff, and the other is an automated flagging system using a deep learning approach. We apply the deep learning scheme to a dataset of ~ 5000 images over the 10 Turkish volcanoes and find 4 possible signals, all of which are false positives. We conclude that there has been no cm-scale volcano deformation in Turkey in 2015–2020, but further analysis would be required to rule out slower rates of deformation (< 1 cm/yr). This study has demonstrated that InSAR techniques can be used for baseline monitoring in regions with few historical eruptions or little reported deformation.
Functional metagenomics reveals differential chitin degradation and utilization features across free-living and host-associated marine microbiomes
Authors: Raimundo I. , Silva R. , Meunier L. , Valente S. M. , Lago-Lestón A. , Keller-Costa T. , Costa R.
Published: February 2021

Background

Chitin ranks as the most abundant polysaccharide in the oceans yet knowledge of shifts in structure and diversity of chitin-degrading communities across marine niches is scarce. Here, we integrate cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches to shed light on the chitin processing potential within the microbiomes of marine sponges, octocorals, sediments, and seawater.

Results

We found that cultivatable host-associated bacteria in the generaAquimarina,Enterovibrio,Microbulbifer,Pseudoalteromonas,Shewanella, andVibriowere able to degrade colloidal chitin in vitro. Congruent with enzymatic activity bioassays, genome-wide inspection of cultivated symbionts revealed thatVibrioandAquimarinaspecies, particularly, possess several endo- and exo-chitinase-encoding genes underlying their ability to cleave the large chitin polymer into oligomers and dimers. Conversely,Alphaproteobacteriaspecies were found to specialize in the utilization of the chitin monomer N-acetylglucosamine more often. Phylogenetic assessments uncovered a high degree of within-genome diversification of multiple, full-length endo-chitinase genes forAquimarinaandVibriostrains, suggestive of a versatile chitin catabolism aptitude. We then analyzed the abundance distributions of chitin metabolism-related genes across 30 Illumina-sequenced microbial metagenomes and found that the endosymbiotic consortium ofSpongia officinalisis enriched in polysaccharide deacetylases, suggesting the ability of the marine sponge microbiome to convert chitin into its deacetylated—and biotechnologically versatile—form chitosan. Instead, the abundance of endo-chitinase and chitin-binding protein-encoding genes in healthy octocorals leveled up with those from the surrounding environment but was found to be depleted in necrotic octocoral tissue. Using cultivation-independent, taxonomic assignments of endo-chitinase encoding genes, we unveiled previously unsuspected richness and divergent structures of chitinolytic communities across host-associated and free-living biotopes, revealing putative roles for uncultivatedGammaproteobacteriaandChloroflexisymbionts in chitin processing within sessile marine invertebrates.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that differential chitin degradation pathways, utilization, and turnover dictate the processing of chitin across marine micro-niches and support the hypothesis that inter-species cross-feeding could facilitate the co-existence of chitin utilizers within marine invertebrate microbiomes. We further identified chitin metabolism functions which may serve as indicators of microbiome integrity/dysbiosis in corals and reveal putative novel chitinolytic enzymes in the genusAquimarinathat may find applications in the blue biotechnology sector.
Effects of low-level laser therapy on the orthodontic mini-implants stability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina de Figueiredo , Maia Thays Allane Cordeiro , de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Gondim Delane Viana , Santos Pedro César Fernandes
Published: February 2021

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) stability.

Materials and methods

An unrestricted electronic database search in PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov and a hand search were performed up to December 2020. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or non-randomized clinical trials (Non-RCTs) that assessed the effects of LLLT on the OMI stability were included. Data regarding the general information, LLLT characteristics, and outcomes were extracted. The authors performed risk of bias assessment with Cochrane Collaboration’s or ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was also conducted.

Results

Five RCTs and one Non-RCT were included and 108 patients were evaluated. The LLLT characteristics presented different wavelength, power, energy density, irradiation time, and protocol duration. Five RCTs had a low risk of selection bias. Two RCTs had a low risk of performance and detection bias. All RCTs had a low risk of attrition bias, reporting bias and other bias. The Non-RCT presented a low risk of bias for all criteria, except for the bias in selection of participants. The meta-analysis revealed that LLLT significantly increased the OMI stability (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.67) and the highest clinical benefit was showed after 1 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.75), 2 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.21), and 3 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.51) months of OMI placement.

Conclusions

LLLT shows positive effects on the OMI stability.
Inventory management performance for family planning, maternal and child health medicines in public health facilities of West Wollega zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Oliyad , Tilahun Gizachew
Published: February 2021

Background

Inventory management is the heart of the supply system in improving availability of medicines, reducing the cost, and improving patient care quality. However, in the government facilities’ supply system, inventory management is poor. So, the purpose of this research is to assess inventory management performance for family planning, maternal and child health medicines in public health facilities of West Wollega zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.

Method

Facility-based descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using checklist, structured and semi-structured questionnaire, and triangulated with qualitative method. Quantitative data were coded and analyzed using SPSS Version 20 and Microsoft excel spreadsheet. Qualitative data were analyzed manually, using thematic analysis technique. Different indicators were used to measure variables.

Results

Among 23 health facilities assessed, availability of family planning/maternal and child health medicines ranged from 0 to 100%. Average availability of medicines was 14 (61.30%) with mean stock-out duration of 70.71 days. Bin cards were available for 559 (78.40%) of medicines, and 374 (52.45%) bin cards were accurate. Report submission rate was 116 (84.06%), with 47 (40.52%) report and resupply forms reported on time, 73 (62.93%) of them were complete and 69 (59.48%) were accurate. Supplier-related problem, lack of human resource, administrative problem, and lack of computer infrastructure were inventory management challenges identified.

Conclusion

Inventory management performance for Family planning/maternal and child health medicines was poor as indicated by low availability, high stock-out duration, and poor LMIS performance. Efforts should be undertaken by concerned bodies to improve it.
Testing and tracking in the UK: A dynamic causal modelling study
Authors: Friston Karl J. , Parr Thomas , Zeidman Peter , Razi Adeel , Flandin Guillaume , Daunizeau Jean , Hulme Oliver J. , Billig Alexander J. , Litvak Vladimir , Price Cathy J. , Moran Rosalyn J. , Lambert Christian
Published: February 2021

By equipping a previously reported dynamic causal modelling of COVID-19 with an isolation state, we were able to model the effects of self-isolation consequent on testing and tracking. Specifically, we included a quarantine or isolation state occupied by people who believe they might be infected but are asymptomatic—and could only leave if they test negative. We recovered maximum posteriori estimates of the model parameters using time series of new cases, daily deaths, and tests for the UK. These parameters were used to simulate the trajectory of the outbreak in the UK over an 18-month period. Several clear-cut conclusions emerged from these simulations. For example, under plausible (graded) relaxations of social distancing, a rebound of infections is highly unlikely. The emergence of a second wave depends almost exclusively on the rate at which we lose immunity, inherited from the first wave. There exists no testing strategy that can attenuate mortality rates, other than by deferring or delaying a second wave. A testing and tracking policy—implemented at the present time—will defer any second wave beyond a time horizon of 18 months. Crucially, this deferment is within current testing capabilities (requiring an efficacy of tracing and tracking of about 20% of asymptomatic infected cases, with 50,000 tests per day). These conclusions are based upon a dynamic causal model for which we provide some construct and face validation—using a comparative analysis of the United Kingdom and Germany, supplemented with recent serological studies.
What we can learn from semiotics, systems theory, and theoretical biology to understand religious communication
Authors: Krech Volkhard
Published: February 2021

If religion is a socio-cultural meaning system as part of the socio-cultural sphere, then how does it relate to mental, organic, and physical processes that belong to the environment of religion? The article contributes to answering this question by referring to semiotics, systems theory, and theoretical biology. The starting point is understanding religious evolution as a co-evolution to societal evolution, namely, as one of the latter’s internal differentiations. In turn, societal evolution is a co-evolution to mental, organic, and physical evolution. These evolutionary spheres mutually constitute one another’s environments. The eigenstate of the socio-cultural sphere consists of language activated via communication. Language is the replicator of socio-cultural processes corresponding to the function of the genome in organic processes. The differentiation of spheres in general evolution concerns respective organic, mental, and socio-cultural substrates, while the substrate-neutral structure of the two evolutionary dimensions of organic and societal processes, including religion, is revealed as semiotic patterns that organic and societal processes have in common. Organic and religious processes of generating information are isomorphic. Thus, semiosis mediates between religious communication and its environment.
Platfospheres and sociocultural explosion of Web 2.0: The commercial centre of the digital semiosphere
Authors: Bankov Kristian
Published: February 2021

This paper explores digital culture with the tools of cultural semiotics in general, and then employing the semiosphere model in particular. Web 2.0 platforms are taken as the major cultural dispositive of our time, as the most representative way in which the internet shapes digital culture. Most of the global population is currently immersed in digital culture. In the first part of the paper the striking similarities between Web 2.0 platforms and the semiosphere are explored and equivalences between the elements of the classic (Lotman’s) semiotic model and these platforms, or platfospheres, are identified. The second part explores the fundamental difference between the “genetic code” at the centre of the semiosphere (as conceived by Lotman), and the computer code and commercial algorithms at the core of the platfospheres that are responsible for their cultural operation. Then the parallels are examined that arise between the past cultural reality, in which the intellectual elite and academics were the driving force of culture, and the contemporary proactive (or even aggressive) core of the platfospheres, in which secret and patent-protected algorithms shape a cultural reality exclusively motivated by the logic of commercial success.
A semiotic approach to language ideologies: Modelling the changing Icelandic languagescape
Authors: Leonard Stephen Pax
Published: February 2021

Attempts have been made to examine how speakers frame linguistic varieties by employing social semiotic models. Using ethnographic data collected over many years, this article applies such a model to Iceland, once described as the ‘e-coli of linguistics’ – its size, historical isolation and relative linguistic homogeneity create conditions akin to a sociolinguistic laboratory. This semiotic model of language ideologies problematizes the prevailing discourse of linguistic purism at a time of sociolinguistic upheaval. The analysis shows how an essentializing scheme at the heart of Icelandic language policy ensured that linguistic “anomalies” such as “dative disease” and “genitive phobia” indexed essential differences. “Impure” language was indicative of un-Icelandicness. Once monolingual (indeed monodialectal), the Icelandic speech community is increasingly characterized by innovative linguistic transgressions which thus far have not been instrumentalized by language policy makers. It is shown how a semiotic model can help us analyse the function of language ideologies more generally.
Body ground red – integrating Peirce, Kristeva and Greimas
Authors: Tamminen Herman
Published: February 2021

Ground (Charles Peirce’s concept) – regardless whether it be taken as motivation or abstractness – affords the proposition that some abstract categories of meaning have acquired their qualities via bodily experience. In order to show this to be the case, the concept of ground will be drawn together with the division (according to Julia Kristeva) between the symbolic and the semiotic, the semiotic chora will be shown to function as an axiologizing thymic category as regard reception of perception (following Algirdas Greimas), and finally it will be proposed that it is this foundation that enables the coherence and inevitability of culture as a whole, being responsible for its stereoscopic quality as well. This procedure will further the haply sacrilegious march towards the emergence of modal semiotics, which allows us to dispense of signs in order to gain an anachronistically novel understanding of our own being.
Uexküll studies after 2001
Authors: Kull Kalevi
Published: February 2021

Jakob von Uexküll’s (1864–1944) work was influential at the time of the biosemiotic turn in semiotics in the 1990s and, together with the hermeneutic and phenomenological approaches, laid the basis for a semiotic turn in biology without losing a connection to the morphology and physiology of organisms. His work appears to be attractive and promising in transforming the culture–nature divide into an understanding of the difference between the living and the non-living. The biological study of subjectivity makes the Uexküllian approach pertinent to the 21st-century changes both in the humanities and in biology, as the acceptance of his theoretical biology marks the start of a post-Darwinian era after the long period of neo-Darwinism that dominated the 20th-century biological thought. A review and bibliography of 20th-century Uexküll studies was published in 2001; the following provides a bibliography of Uexküll studies in the two decades after 2001.
On political semiotics
Authors: Makarychev Andrey
Published: February 2021

Review of Introducing Relational Political Analysis: Political Semiotics as a Theory and Method [Palgrave Studies in Relational Sociology] by Peeter Selg and Andreas Ventsel. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, 319 pp.
Cero decibelios. ¿Existe el silencio absoluto en el audiovisual?.
Authors: Torras i Segura Daniel
Published: February 2021

This work discusses and argues whether there is absolute silence in audiovisual products from the technical perspective of including a band in the synchronized soundtrack with zero decibels in perception. From an analysis of the existing scientific literature about audiovisual silence, an outline of silence in three dimensions is proposed: conceptual, technical and psychoperceptive. Although with some nuances and considerations the existence of absolute silence can be considered in the first two dimensions, the third one is completely ruled out with psychoperceptive arguments. It is concluded that the terminology used must be reviewed because the term absolute silence, in this case, may not refer to a sensation but to a digital or physical configuration of the state of a product: the soundtrack as a flow of information. In any case, it is concluded that an idea of absolute silence can only be accepted solely for technical issues related to the editing technique, but not to its perception.
La comunicación social de la ciencia a través del etiquetado de alimentos saludables en los EEUU y Europa.
Authors: Sanz Merino Noemí
Published: February 2021

A theoretical analysis of the American and European Health claims regulations. Following the studies on public communication and understanding of science, I identify the underlying regulatory strategies for the regulations on the presentation of this kind of information on food labelling. Based on empirical studies on perception and purchase intention, I assess the extent to which their communicative approaches contribute to achieving the regulatory objectives. Results: Both regulations follow different approaches depending on their different political objectives; The available studies point to the failure of these objectives in both cases; This seems to be due to underlying classical conceptions about science communication and enculturation.
El discurso oficial mexicano sobre la migración. Un análisis de las “mañaneras” de AMLO.
Authors: Ávalos Rivera Alexia Raquel , Celecia Pérez Cosette
Published: February 2021

This article analyzes the official Mexican discourse on migration at the morning press conferences called by the president from Monday to Friday. To that end, a Discourse Analysis was combined to identify representation ideologies with a Content Analysis to locate related themes and key actors. Among the results, it stands out that the official discourse presents Mexico as an effective mediator; while an emotional discourse appeals to non-discrimination and encourages empathy towards migrants, the government measures confirm the hardening of the country's migration policy.
La rehabilitación psicosocial en Colombia: la utopía que nos invita a seguir caminando
Authors: Muñoz Luis Fernando , Muñoz Claudia Ximena , Uribe José Miguel
Published: February 2021

El proceso de reforma psiquiátrica en Colombia aún no se ha llevado a cabo. La falta de centros de atención comunitarios, la fragmentación en la atención y la persistencia de grandes hospitales psiquiátricos alejados del resto de la medicina continúan siendo la realidad de la atención. Existen múltiples leyes y resoluciones en el ámbito de la salud mental en el país, pero el problema radica en la poca implementación. Desde el año 2013, el país cuenta con una ley de salud mental que abre una luz de esperanza para mejorar los procesos de atención de los pacientes. Asimismo, en noviembre de 2018 fue actualizada la Política Nacional de Salud Mental, después de 20 años de espera. El nuevo panorama de las políticas centradas en el concepto de salud mental y ya no en el de reforma psiquiátrica ofrece una oportunidad, a la vez que surgen nuevos desafíos para la rehabilitación psicosocial. En este artículo haremos un recorrido por la historia de la rehabilitación psicosocial en Colombia, un análisis sobre su legislación en salud mental y presentaremos las propuestas que se desprenden de nuestra experiencia en el campo.
Early childhood fieldwork for music education majors
Authors: Kuebel Christa R.
Published: February 2021

Fieldwork experiences for undergraduate music education majors provide opportunities to gain pedagogical content knowledge as well as a deeper understanding of child development and musical behaviour. Early childhood music fieldwork experiences are vital to preservice music educators in order to gain insight into the specific needs of young learners and increase preparedness to teach in a variety of musical settings. Critical examination of the fieldwork opportunities provided to undergraduate music education majors in the early childhood music setting could benefit all preservice music educators. This article will describe one early childhood fieldwork placement and its impacts on the preparation of three undergraduate music education majors. Implications related to the importance of early childhood music education fieldwork experiences for preservice music educators are discussed.
Management of Public Information Disclosure in Indonesian Autonomous University: Case Study in Universitas Brawijaya
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Hendrawan Muhammad Rosyihan ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Pramudyo Gani Nur
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to understand, describe, and analyze the management of public information disclosure, support and inhibiting factors, and efforts to improve the management of public information disclosure in one of the autonomous universities, Universitas Brawijaya (UB). This study uses the case study method with a qualitative approach. This study adopted a participative observation, in-depth interviews with five key informants, collecting documents, and audio-visual material to collected data. The finding of this study shows that management of public information disclosure in UB refers to Public Information Disclosure Number 14 the Year of 2008 (UU KIP). It refers to Regulation from Minister of Education and Culture Number 75 the Year of 2016 about Public Information Services in Universities that are provided through integrated service information center (PINTER) UB. UB also provided service of complaints and community satisfaction surveys. Management of Public Information Disclosure in UB influenced by the existence of supporting factors from UB manager and e-complaint system and internet network to support services activity. In contrast, the inhibiting factors are arising from lack of management in faculty or work unit and the lack of socialization from Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID / IDMO) and Information, Documentation, and Complaints Center (PIDK / IDCC) to the academic communities. It made service yet utilized optimally. Besides, the efforts to improve the management of public information disclosure always carried out to improve service quality such as 1) establish good relations between staff, enhancing coordination between faculties and work units, 2) Increasing coordination with Manager and Quality Assurance Unit (QUA), 3) Using new regulation the Minister of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Number 14 of 2017, and 4) Adding three-division managers, such as Manager of information services, the Manager of user complaints and survey, and Manager of verification and data integration mapping.
Avaliação de locais para perfuração de poços tubulares no Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral no estado do Rio Grande do Sul por meio da análise dos fatores condicionantes e uso de técnicas de sensoria-mento remoto
Authors: Lisboa Nelson Amoretti , Reginato Pedro Antonio Roehe
Published: February 2021

A prospecção de água subterrânea em regiões de ocorrência de aquíferos fraturados é uma tarefa complexa sendo que para a realização dessa atividade devem ser analisados diferentes parâmetros que condicionam a ocorrência desses aquíferos. Este trabalho tem por meta apresentar o estudo de locais mais favoráveis para a perfuração de poços no Sistema Aquífero Serra Geral (SASG) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Na área de ocorrência do SASG quatro fatores fundamentais controlam o potencial de água subterrânea. Assim, o SASG foi dividido em seis áreas aquíferas, sendo que em cada uma delas foram avaliadas as características do clima, solos, geomorfologia e litologia. A definição de áreas mais favoráveis foi feita com base na interpretação de imagens de sensoriamento remoto (modelo numérico do terreno), cartas topográficas e na avaliação das características de cada uma das áreas. Os resultados indicaram que a área aquífera do Planalto Médio é a de maior potencial em quantidade de água, seguida das áreas do Planalto dos Campos Gerais, Planalto de Soledade, Alto Uruguai, Serra Geral e Planalto de Uruguaiana. A locação de poços tubulares deve ser realizada com base na avaliação dos lineamentos (comprimento, orientação, grau de dissecação e intersecções), sendo que as áreas mais favoráveis a ocorrência de água estão associadas a intersecção de lineamentos, bem como a ocorrência de lineamentos de maior porte e com orientação noroeste.
Challenges and prospects for cataloguing and classification in academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria: a case study
Authors: MOUSTAPHA Abdrahman Atanda
Published: February 2021

The study aimed to investigate the challenges and prospects of cataloguing and classification in academic libraries in Kwara State that focus on the Kwara State University Library.The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The study population consists of 50 practicing librarians who attended the Nigerian Library Association Annual Workshop, 2020 held at the State LibraryIlorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. A questionnaire entitled “Cataloguing challenges and prospects and a classification questionnaire containing closed elements was used to collect data for the study. The results revealed insufficient staffing, lack of modern tools, difficulties in cataloguing and classification backlogs, insufficient motivation, etc., as there are some challenges facing the technical departments of the studied academic library. The study also reveals, as an indication of a brighter future or good prospects for the technical divisions in the library studied, the increased advocacy for library automation, training opportunities available outside the country, introduction of an information management system, rapid transition from the manual method to the computerized method, etc. Based on the results, some recommendations were made.
Study of motor load regulation training with visual feedback in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy
Authors: Babanov N. D. , Frolov D. V. , Krukov E. V. , Panova E. N. , Kubryak O. V.
Published: February 2021

BACKGRAUND: Violation of gait and body balance in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy actualizes the development of new effective measures of motor rehabilitation. In this regard, an observation was carried out in which biofeedback training was used for the reference reaction in the conditions of variable feedback parameters.

AIMS: To investigate the effect of a stepwise change in the depth of feedback (sensitivity) in a motor-cognitive task with visual feedback on the reference response to the result of its execution.

METHODS: Single-sample observational observation with controlled conditions. 27 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. All patients were treated according to modern standards. The observation was performed in one series at the beginning of the course of inpatient treatment. Estimation of body balance on a power platform — stabiloplatform) — stabilometry. The procedure included 5 stages of management, in which the patient followed the instructions (training) in which there was a stepwise increase in the depth of feedback («sensitivity») at each stage from 10 to 50% of the conditional «normal», with a step of 10%. A quantitative assessment of the external result (execution of instructions) and parameters of regulation of the vertical posture was carried out.

RESULTS: All patients included in the follow-up showed that the implementation of instructions with increasing depth of feedback decreased sharply when the conditionally «normal» value was exceeded by 30–35%. At the same time, the initial parameters of vertical posture control in the sample patients did not affect the dynamics of results when performing the task with visual feedback. Factor analysis indicates the presence of the only significant factor associated with the effectiveness of performing a motor-cognitive task here — changes in the depth of feedback. The accepted significance level α = 0.05.

CONCLUSIONS: The depth of feedback in motor-cognitive tasks with visual feedback is a key characteristic that affects performance. The ability to increase the depth of feedback in the range of about 35; from conditionally «normal», can be useful for ensuring differentiation of loads during motor rehabilitation of patients in order to increase the effectiveness of training. In addition, in theoretical terms, the proposed model of the motor-cognitive problem can be relevant in the study of «dual» problems, where the relationship of motor and cognitive components is studied.
Long-term Follow-up of treatment of chronic foot wounds with recombinant human epidermal growth factor in patients with different complications of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zaitseva E. L. , Zhilyaev V. M. , Galstyan G. R.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which can lead to the development of chronic wounds and amputations. Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) can be used as an adjuvant treatment for chronic wounds resistant to standard treatment. Studies have demonstrated its clinical efficacy, however, there is insufficient information on the long-term results of treatment, its safety and the effect on the progression of diabetes complications, adverse cardiovascular events and the development of cancer.

AIM: To assess the long-term results of rhEGF therapy for trophic foot ulcers in individuals with multiple complications of diabetes.

METHODS: The study included 20 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and various forms of DFS without critical ischemia, who had previously been treated with DFS using rhEGF in order to assess the general condition, progression of microand macrovascular complications of diabetes, adverse cardiovascular events, the development of cancer and the quality of life.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the area of wound defects, the percentage of granulation tissue that filled the wound defect, before the start of rhEGF treatment and at the time of discharge from the hospital (p <0.05). During treatment with rhEGF, mild adverse events were observed in 35%. Complete epithelialization of wounds in most patients occurred in 3 [2; 4] months. In 11.76%, the wound was not completely epithelialized. Relapse occurred in 5.8% due to non-compliance with limb unloading. Minor amputation was performed in 1 patient. Progression of diabetic retinoand nephropathy was revealed in 23.5%. 11.76% suffered myocardial infarction of unknown age, 1 patient (5.88%) suffered acute cerebrovascular accident. Serious adverse events in the form of PE with a fatal outcome and critical ischemia of the lower limb were recorded in 5.8%.

CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the study of long-term results of rhEGF treatment of chronic foot wounds, a low percentage of relapses and small amputations, the absence of high amputations and oncological diseases, the development of serious adverse events in 2 patients, the progression of diabetic retinoand nephropathy in 4 patients, the development of IM of unknown age in 2 patients was recorded. and stroke in 1 patient after rhEGF therapy.
He is a One-Man Army if he is Dedov
Authors: Shestakova M. V. , Lebedev N. B.
Published: February 2021

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Jubilee Greetings from Young Endocrinologists
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2021

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IVAN I. DEDOV (ON THE OCCASION OF HIS 80TH BIRTHDAY)
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2021

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Analysis of melatonin concentration and its correlation with ovarian disfunction among obese women of reproductive age
Authors: Mikheev R. K. , Andreeva E. N. , Sheremetyeva E. V. , Absatarova Yu. S. , Ponomareva T. A. , Grigoryan O. R.
Published: February 2021

One of the new directions in the study of reproductive disorders in obese women is the effect and receptor sensitivity of  melatonin on the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland and ovariogenesis, taking into account the chronology of «light pollution». At the present stage, there is very little literature on the influence of the aspects of «light pollution» on the problem of obesity and reproductive disorders in the literature. This review is an attempt to combine the above problem in terms of the impact of «light pollution» and the level of receptor sensitivity of melatonin in women of reproductive age with obesity. The literature search was carried out in Russian (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases in Russian and English. Free access to the full text of the articles was a priority. The selection of sources was prioritized for the period from 2015 to 2019. However, given the insufficient knowledge of the chosen topic, the choice of sources was dated from 1992. The work was carried out as part of the study «Central and peripheral pathophysiological mechanisms of development of adipose tissue diseases, taking into account clinical and hormonal characteristics» 2020–2022.