bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Abnormal Signal-Averaged ECG and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients of Acute Myocardial Infarction within Seven Days of Sustaining the Infarction.
Authors: Malek Mohammad Abdul , Iqbal Sayed Asif , Haque AFM Shamsul , Sultana Sayeda Aleya , Rahman Md Waliur , Rahman Md Mukhlesur
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study sought to evaluate the correlation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with Signal – Average Electrocardiogram (SAECG) in patient with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Post MI risk stratification is still a debatable issue. Appropriate investigation to ascertain the patient at risk of sudden cardiac death is sometimes difficult. Abnormalities in the SAECG have been determined to be independent predictors of risk of developing ventricular arrhythmias in patients convalescing from myocardial infarction. Correlation of LVEF with SAECG will identify the small group of patient at risk of fatal arrhythmia.

Method: This observational study was carried out in the cardiology center, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka cantonment during the period of January 2010 to January 2011. Patient with first acute myocardial infarction within 7 days of sustaining acute myocardial infarction were included in the study. All three parameters of SAECG (Total QRS duration, Low Amplitude Signal (LAS) under 40μvolt, Root - mean -square (RMS) voltage of last 40 msec) were recorded, and basing on the results, patients were grouped into normal or abnormal SAECG.

Result: A total of 106 patients of acute MI were studied. Mean age of the patients were 54(SD±10.5) years (range 34 to 90 years). Only 13(12%) patients were female with male to female ratio of 7.15:1. 32% patients were thrombolysed & abnormal SAECG was more in patients who were thrombolysed (p value<0.05) but logistic regression analysis showed no significant association. Smoking had significant association with abnormal SAECG by univariate analysis (p value<0.05) but logistic regression analysis showed no significant association with smoking and sex (p value >0.05). 46% patients had inferior/inferoposterior myocardial infarction. Abnormal SAECG was more among patients with inferior MI (p <0.05). Mean LVEF was 45.81% (SD±9.68). Correlation of LV function was assessed by both Pearson’s correlation and Ç2 test but no significant association was seen. Logistic regression analysis showed the similar result.

Conclusion: In our study, no correlation was found between abnormal signal-averaged ECG and left ventricular ejection fraction following acute myocardial infarction. Further large, multi center study with more selective variables is required to find out any association of SAECG and LV ejection fraction.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 3-9
Association of GRACE Risk Score with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Non ST-elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Rahman Md Estakur , Mohammad Safiuddin - , Habib SM Ahsan , Ahmed Chaudhury Meshkat , Banerjee Sajal Krishna
Published: June 2022

Background: Due to the wide spectrum of risk for death and recurrent events among patients with NSTE-ACS, management guidelines emphasise the importance of early risk stratification. In addition to prognostic assessment, predicting the anatomical extension of coronary artery disease is potentially useful for clinical decision. The aim of the study is to determine whether the GRACE risk score correlates with the angiographic extent and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with non ST-elevation ACS

Methods: A total of 50 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome were enrolled to the study. Based on the GRACE risk score classification system, the patients were divided into low (<108), intermediate (109-140), and high (>140) risk groups. All patients underwent coronary angiography within five days after admission. The severity of the coronary artery disease was assessed by Gensini score. Relation between Grace score and Gensini score was evaluated.

Results: Mean Gensini score were 12.20 ± 13.60, 34.52 ± 13.50 and 48.41 ± 14.56 in low group, intermediate group and high GRACE risk group respectively and the difference of mean Gensini score was statistically significant (p<0.001). A GRACE score of 135 was identified as the optimal cut-off to predict severe CAD (sensitivity = 82.4% and specificity = 75.8%). In our study correlation co-efficient between GRACE risk score and Gensini score was r=0.66 (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The study demonstrates that the GRACE risk score has significant positive correlation with coronary artery stenosis in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 38-41
Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Update
Authors: Bashar Adnan , Hoque Md Harisul , Chowdhury MSI Tipu , Hasan ATM Iqbal , Ahmed Khurshed
Published: June 2022

Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Aspirin is the most widely used antiplatelet agent followed by P2Y12 inhibitors. Glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa antagonists are also gaining popularity as an antiplatelet agents during peri-PCI period. This review article summarizes the indications, duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in ACS setting. Antiplatelet therapy in special situations like atrial fibrillation and thrombocytopenia are discussed here. Issues like switching between P2Y12 inhibitors and genetic testing of antiplatelet agents are also mentioned in this article

University Heart Journal Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan 2021; 66-70
Пенообразователь для тушения водорастворимых горючих жидкостей
Authors: Кондакова Яна Александровна , Навроцкий Олег Дмитриевич , Иванов Игорь Юрьевич
Published: June 2022

Цель. Разработка пенообразователя целевого назначения для тушения водорастворимых горючих жидкостей.
Методы. В работе применены теоретические методы исследования (анализ, синтез), а также эмпирические – измерение динамической вязкости растворов полимеров, проведение испытаний устойчивости пены на поверхности водорастворимых горючих жидкостей.
Результаты. Проведены измерения значений вязкости растворов полимеров и определено максимальное значение концентрации полимера, при которой вязкость пенообразователя допустима для использования насосными установками пожарных автоцистерн; разработана методика для определения устойчивости пены на поверхности водорастворимых горючих жидкостей.
Область применения исследований. Полученные результаты имеют большое практическое значение и могут быть использованы при разработке рецептуры пенообразователей, а разработанная методика позволит определить устойчивость пены на поверхности водорастворимых горючих жидкостей в лабораторных условиях.
From ‘Sacrificing to Ancestors’ (jizu) to ‘Reverencing Ancestors’ (jingzu): Bread of Life Christianity's Cultural Negotiation between Christianity and Confucianism for a Hybrid Identity
Authors: Ping Guo Sheng
Published: June 2022

Among many issues associated with religious negotiation and intercultural ministry and mission in the history of Christianity in China, the most important issue involves the Chinese rite of offering sacrifice to ancestors. This issue has been closely connected to the process of the Sinicisation of Christianity in all Pan-Chinese societies, including the Greater China and Chinese diasporic communities worldwide. This paper first reviews key historical elements of the Chinese Rites Controversy (1645–1941) on ‘Sacrificing to Ancestors’ ( jizu), and then considers some details of the ‘Three Rites’ of ‘Reverencing Ancestors’ ( jingzu) as a historical development within the Bread of Life Christian Church (BOLCC, Ling Liang Tang) in Taipei and the Bread of Life Global Apostolic Network (BGAN) of nearly 600 local churches on all continents as of 2020. Through this case study, the paper argues that the BOLCC, an independent Christian church established in 1942 and a contemporary Sinophone-based Christian movement, could expand quickly by applying its intercultural ‘Ling Liang Rule’ to continue the successful culture-accommodating ‘Matteo Ricci Rule’ among the Pan-Chinese (Chinese descendants in China and beyond) by providing an ‘in-between space’ negotiating for Christianity and Confucianism to satisfy their believers’ ‘hybrid identity’. Through the Christianised Reverencing Ancestors Rites to hybridise the Confucian Sacrificing to Ancestors Rites, Bread of Life Sinophone Christians in many places of the world can simultaneously affirm their cultural ‘hybrid identity’ as both Christian and Sinophone through core cultural interactions between Christianity and Confucianism in filial piety ( xiao).
Teachers' language use: directions and administration conversation in classroom interaction
Authors: Salija Kisman , Husna Asmaul , Garing Jusmianti
Published: June 2022

The intuition that happens within the classroom exercises when instructors and understudies exchange their thoughts through communication illustrates its viability. Understudies can grow their verbal capabilities when they uncover more remote dialect input by hearing the teachers use the target language in classroom interaction and practicing it when they have openings to communicate utilizing English as the target dialect. The perception appeared that instructors used target dialect more for administration conversation than for directions conversation. This research applied descriptive qualitative research. Qualitative research design aims to describe the data in more detail in a broader sentence clarification. The members of this investigation were two English teachers from one Public Islamic Senior High School in Parepare City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study found that all language functions occurred in teachers 1 and 2 teaching activities in the instructional talk. Teacher 1 used more management talk in the classroom about welcoming, checking nearness, giving instruction, empowering understudies, giving commendations, inquiring about an address, and closing action. In the classroom, it was found that all the teachers spoke all language functions in the class. By analyzing the extracts by teacher 1, there are five unspoken language functions. Teacher 2 extract showed that there are seven unspoken language functions. The teachers believed that using the students' native language was critical to their comprehension. They moreover accept that the utilization of target dialect was imperative in expanding students' comprehension.
Behavior Prevention Modification of Non-Communicable Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Android-Based Telenursing Application "SI-TELUR PETIS"
Authors: Sinaga Mei Rianita Elfrida , Indrayanti Indrayanti , Irfan Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Aims: Pandemic Covid-19 pandemic became a global health threat that impacts the health sector, including non-communicable diseases. Innovation efforts of nursing non-pharmacological is behavior modification using android-based telenursing application. This study aimed to determine the effect of android-based telenursing application "SI-TELUR PETIS" as behavior prevention modification of non-communicable diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design: This study is a quantitative study using the quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test with control group design.
Methods: The sample of this study amounted to 60 respondents with 30 respondents in the intervention group and 30 respondents in the control group were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected from May to August 2021. The application has been validated by adopting the ISO 9126 about the quality of the software that has the six aspects of assessment. Mann Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analyses.
Results: Android-based telenursing application "SI-TELUR PETIS" has a significant effect on the change in the behavior prevention modification of non-communicable diseases (DM and Hypertension) (p<.05).
Conclusions: Overall the application is easy to understand the purpose and usefulness coupled with the explanation of the groove of the use of the application. Android-based telenursing application "SI-TELUR PETIS" has a significant effect on behavior prevention modification of non-communicable diseases (DM and Hypertension) through the features of the daily note, namely diet, and physical activity
The Effectiveness of Soaking the Feet in Salt Water to Reduce the Degree of Edema in Pregnant Women Trimester III
Authors: Patola Arlinda , Tridiyawati Feva
Published: June 2022

Aims : Non-pharmacological management of foot edema in pregnant women is using foot soak therapy in salt warm water mixed with. This study aimed to determined the effect of soaking the feet in salt water to reduce the degree of edema among trimester III pregnant woman.
Design : This research method used pre-experimental design with one group pretest - posttest design. Data collection was carried out using primary data, namely data obtained from observations. The data collection instrument used was an observation sheet
Methdos : The sample in this study were all pregnant women in the third trimester who experienced edema as many as 20 people, the sampling technique was purposive sampling.
Results : There was a decrease in the degree of edema before and after soaking the feet in salt water, from the third degree of edema to the second degree of edema (p value 0.000).
Conclusions : There is an effectiveness of soaking the feet in salt water to reduce the degree of edema in third trimester pregnant women. It is expected that health workers will provide nursing care to reduce edema non-pharmacologically.
The Relationship of Brith Ball Therapy on Primigravida Mothers With A Fair Delivery Process
Authors: Novianti Novianti , Tridiyawati Feva
Published: June 2022

Aims: Pain in childbirth has the highest degree of pain, caused many women are not ready to have children because day imagine the pain that wiil be presented at the time of labor later.
Objectives: The general objective of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of brith ball therapy on pain intensity in labour. Methods: Pain was measured using numeric pain scale from 0 to 10 (0 indicating no pain and 10 indicating severe pain). Univariate and bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test analysis.
Results: Of the 50 respondent mothers who carried out the variable therapy pre-test british ball who were very painful and 29 respondents had pain (58%) and a minority had little pain, 21 people (42%). And on the post-test respondent the least pain was increased by 32 respondents (64%), While the minority of pain was quite severe as many as 18 respondents (36%). A 0.00<0.05. The result are expected to have an effect on british therapy on labor pain. The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis with a dgree of significance(a)=0.05 and a P value of 0.00 were obtained (a<0.05) which can be seen from the value which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Conclusion: there is an effect british ball therapy on labor pain. Future studies should be conducted using bigger sample size to explore the true effect using experimental study.
Telerehabilitation In Monitoring Treatment of Heart Disease Patients: Literature Review
Authors: Arni Wahyuni , Syam Yuliana , Syahrul Syahrul
Published: June 2022

Aims: Heart disease is a chronic disease that affects the patient's physical and psychological adaptation. Currently, cardiac rehabilitation focuses on delivering rehabilitation components remotely using technology via telerehabilitation.
Objective: The purpose of this review is to identify the use of telerehabilitation in monitoring signs and symptoms of heart disease.
Methods: Literature review method with four databases PubMed, Proquest, Ebsco, Cochrane Library, Taylor & Francis database, and identification of gray literature, spanning 2011-2021, and 24 articles were reviewed.
Results: The results of the review show that cardiac rehabilitation components are provided through various tele media mobile phones, messenger applications (SMS, QQ, and WeChat), videoconferencing, online information (websites, emails), e-visit, and virtual reality (VR). Telerehabilitation is useful in monitoring exercise capacity, resting systolic blood pressure, blood pressure control, ECG monitoring media, monitoring of dysrhythmias (atrial fibrillation/AF), complaints of fatigue, monitoring of dyspnoea symptoms, hemoglobin and electrolyte levels. sodium and potassium), and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: Telerehabilitation can be an alternative for continuous care of patients in monitoring signs and symptoms of heart disease, both physical and psychological aspects.
Combination of Music and Guided Imagery on Relaxation Therapy to Relief Pain Scale of Post-Operative Patients
Authors: Hidayat Nur , Kurniawan Rudi , Diaz Lutfi Sandi Yudisa , Andarini Esti , Anisa Firdaus Fidya , Ariyanto Heri , Nantia Khaerunnisa Reffi , Setiawan Henri
Published: June 2022

Aim: This literature review aims to explain the effectiveness of combination relaxation therapies with music and imagery technique to reduce the quality and quantity of pain experienced by post-operative patients.
Methods: The research data were identified from 5 journal databases including PubMed, JSTOR, Willey Online Library, Sage Journal and Taylor Francis Online by using the PIOS (Participant, Intervention, Outcomes and Study Design) method and MesH term on advanced search engines. Additional records identified through Google Scholar and Research Gate. The articles that become research data are articles published in 1998–2018 in English version, open access and full-text in the form of original research articles.
Results: Eight articles that were screened using PRISMA reviewed without meta-analysis consisted of four articles intervening in a combination of relaxation with music and four articles combining with imagery.
Conclusion: The combination of relaxation techniques with music, as well as a combination of relaxation techniques with effective imagery are used to reduce pain. Based on the analysis of the results in several studies, it can be found that patient education about relaxation therapy should be given to all surgical patients to help improve patient’s comfort and enhance tissue healing.
Experiences of Aggressive Behavior Patient after Physical Restraint in Mental Hospital, A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yosep Iyus , Mediawati Ati Surya , Mardhiyah Ai
Published: June 2022

Aims. The prevalence of Violence in nurses and patients is an important issue today. One of the handlings of violent patients in mental hospitals is restraint. Restraint becomes a difficult choice for nurses in mental hospitals. This choice is still made with ethical considerations to prevent a worse risk. Restraints can violate patient rights. But if not done can threaten the environment. After physical restraint the patient has special experiences that need to be evaluated by the mental health nurse.
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of patients with physical violence after restraint at the Mental Hospital, West Java.
Methods. The informant selection technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The number of informants in this study was six patients. Patients were selected based on two inclusion criteria, first; have ever done physical violence, secondly, have experienced physical restraint. Patients have been selected by the head of the ward and approved by the nursing ethics board. Data was collected through focus group discussions (FGD). Data was recorded using an audiovisual camera. The discussion was conducted over three sessions, in three days, each for 60 minutes. The collected data is typed verbatim. The thematic analysis used in this study refer to six steps qualitative analysis.
Result. There are six themes that arise in the client's response to violent behavior during physical restraint. It includes ignoring the patient's basic needs, Feelings of anger and irritation, thinking that there is no perceived positive influence, controlling his behavior for fear of the next physical restraint, Surrender to the conditions experienced, Feelings of relief and joy after not undergoing physical restraint, there is a feeling of revenge and want to take revenge.
Conclusion. The patient's experience with physical violence after the act of restraint reveals the occurrence of neglect of basic human needs, the emergence of feelings of anger and irritation and thinking that restraint is of no benefit. After going through the angry phase, there is a sense of resignation to the patient and the informant's efforts to control his behavior for fear of getting physical restraint again. However, there is also a feeling of resentment that is triggered by the experience of being treated inhumanely.
Mix Method Impact of Exposure of Inhalants Exposure “Glueing” on Street Children Community in Kendari City
Authors: Said Asbath , Rasyid Mikawati , Novianti R Wa Ode Nova , Hadju Lodes
Published: June 2022

Aims: The results of the preliminary survey conducted by researchers before the research began and supported by statements provided by the informants, supported the researchers' allegations and found that there was a phenomenon of inhalent abuse in street children in Kendari City, namely using fox and disgrace type glue to create a comfortable effect (fly) against themselves.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the impact of chronic exposure to gluing inhalants on the community of children in Kendari city.
Methods: This study uses the Mix Method, which is a combination of a quantitative approach and a qualitative approach with snowball sampling technique, the number of respondents is 10 people.
Results: The research results from the physiological aspects, namely; Respiratory rate of street children who “glueing” on average is high, there are 2 abnormal people, Heart Rate of street children who are “glueing” on average is weak, there are 9 people who are abnormal, Weight and height of street children who are “glueing” in the categories are insufficient while the body temperature and blood pressure of street children who are “glueing” are all still within normal limits.
Conclusion: There is a psychological impact from inhaling glue which makes informants feel hallucinating and make them feel calm. It is recommended to the Kendari city government that street children need special attention, because they are a group that is very vulnerable to the negative impacts of the environment and they need special guidance regarding impacts the physiology and psychology of gluing.
O mito do sujeito e o sujeito do mito: entre a racionalidade moderna e a racionalidade (auto)biográfica
Authors: Neves Júlia Guimarães
Published: June 2022

O presente ensaio é de natureza teórica e se propõe a pensar sobre os aspectos teórico-epistêmicos que constituem, na tradição do pensamento ocidental, a ideia de sujeito e de racionalidade. No desenvolvimento desta proposição há o reconhecimento de que traços míticos, presentes nas estórias greco-romanos, constituem elementos que se tornam estruturantes no ideário do pensamento moderno. O texto, em diálogo com os mitos, produz reflexões sobre a racionalidade moderna em sua instrumentalização do modo de operacionalizar a razão, na busca pela objetividade daquilo que se produz em termos de conhecimento científico e na edificação da figura de um sujeito universal e racionalizador de seus processos de conhecimento e de si mesmo. Desta leitura sobre sujeito moderno e racionalidade moderna, o texto encaminha para outras possibilidades formativas que se dão no alargamento compreensivo da razão e da constituição do sujeito, através dos anúncios de sujeito (auto)bio-gráfico e racionalidade (auto)biográfica.
As representações de gênero dos perfis biográficos das mulheres homenageadas com nomes de ruas no espaço urbano de Londrina (PR)
Authors: Silva Bruno Sanches Mariante , Moraes Daniela Reis
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender o papel da toponímia urbana enquanto discursos hegemônicos do papel social da mulher na formação da cidade de Londrina, Paraná. Valemo-nos de textos biográficos anexados aos projetos de leis que nomeiam logradouros públicos. Na impossibilidade de apresentarmos todas as questões engendradas por essa escrita, optamos por uma análise específica sobre as representações de gênero contidas nas biografias de mulheres escolhidas para tais nomeações. Propomos uma reflexão sobre as imbricações entre a escrita biográfica, a História e as relações de gênero, observando a cidade de Londrina, que é também marcada por forte discurso memorialístico sobre o pioneirismo, daqueles que construíram a cidade, especialmente homens. No período estudado foram criados mais de quatro mil logradouros, sendo que os nomes de mulheres estão em 781. Assim, observamos que a toponímia com tais está sub-representada, e acentuadamente marcada por papeis sociais delimitados.
Nas terras do sul nasce o herói: origens e ascendências nas narrativas biográficas de Luiz Carlos Prestes
Authors: Gaudencio Bruno Rafael de Albuquerque
Published: June 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como os três biógrafos – Jorge Amado (2011), Daniel Aarão Reis Filho (2014) e Anita Leocadia Prestes (2015) – construíram narrativas sobre as primeiras décadas de vida de Luiz Carlos Prestes (1898-1990), comparando as abordagens sobre as origens familiares e geográficas. Com isso, procuramos alcançar os seguintes pontos de abordagem dentro do processo de construção da memória biográfica de Prestes: o processo de pertencimento da origem geográfica (identidade gaúcha), a construção das origens familiares e a ascendência do biografado. Para isso, dentro de uma perspectiva da história biográfica e política, dialogamos com os autores Paul Ricoeur (2010), Sérgio Vilas Boas (2008), Raoul Girardet (1987) e Jorge Ferreira (2002).
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Modified Taxifolin Liposomes Promote Liver Repair by Modulating Autophagy to Inhibit Activation of the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ding Qiteng , Liu Wencong , Liu Xinglong , Ding Chuanbo , Zhao Yingchun , Dong Ling , Chen Huiying , Sun Shuwen , Zhang Yiwen , Zhang Jinping , Wu Ming
Published: June 2022

Taxifolin (TAX) is a hepatoprotective flavanol compound, which is severely limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability. Liposomes (Lips) are used as well-recognized drug carrier systems that improve the water solubility and bioavailability of drugs, but are easily damaged by gastric juice after oral administration, resulting in the release of drugs in the gastric juice. Therefore, it is important to find materials that modify liposomes and avoid the destruction of the liposomal phospholipid bilayer structure by the gastrointestinal environment. Taxifolin liposomes (TAX-Lips) were modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone-k30 (PVP-TAX-Lips) and manufactured using a thin-film hydration technique. Particle size (109.27 ± 0.50 nm), zeta potential (−51.12 ± 3.79 mV), polydispersity coefficient (PDI) (0.189 ± 0.007), and EE (84.7 ± 0.2%) of PVP-TAX-Lips were studied. In addition, the results of in vitro release experiments indicated that the cumulative release rates of TAX-Lips and PVP-TAX-Lips were 89.73 ± 5.18% and 65.66 ± 4.86% in the simulated gastric fluid after 24 h, respectively, while the cumulative release rates were 68.20 ± 4.98% and 55.66 ± 3.92% in the simulated intestinal fluid after 24 h, respectively. Moreover, PVP-TAX-Lips were able to reverse lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) by inducing autophagy to inhibit the expression levels of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and inflammatory factors, which suggested that PVP-TAX-Lips played an important role in the prevention of ALI and also provided a promising drug delivery system for the application of TAX.
The Hunt Is On! In Pursuit of the Ideal Stem Cell Population for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Campbell T. Mark , Dilworth F. Jeffrey , Allan David S. , Trudel Guy
Published: June 2022

Cartilage injury and degeneration are hallmarks of osteoarthritis (OA), the most common joint disease. OA is a major contributor to pain, loss of function, and reduced quality of life. Over the last decade, considerable research efforts have focused on cell-based therapies, including several stem cell-derived approaches to reverse the cartilage alterations associated with OA. Although several tissue sources for deriving cell-based therapies have been identified, none of the resident stem cell populations have adequately fulfilled the promise of curing OA. Indeed, many cell products do not contain true stem cells. As well, issues with aggressive marketing efforts, combined with a lack of evidence regarding efficacy, lead the several national regulatory bodies to discontinue the use of stem cell therapy for OA until more robust evidence becomes available. A review of the evidence is timely to address the status of cell-based cartilage regeneration. The promise of stem cell therapy is not new and has been used successfully to treat non-arthritic diseases, such as hematopoietic and muscle disorders. These fields of regenerative therapy have the advantage of a considerable foundation of knowledge in the area of stem cell repair mechanisms, the role of the stem cell niche, and niche-supporting cells. This foundation is lacking in the field of cartilage repair. So, where should we look for the ideal stem cell to regenerate cartilage? It has recently been discovered that cartilage itself may contain a population of SC-like progenitors. Other potential tissues include stem cell-rich dental pulp and the adolescent growth plate, the latter of which contains chondrocyte progenitors essential for producing the cartilage scaffold needed for bone growth. In this article, we review the progress on stem cell therapies for arthritic disorders, focusing on the various stem cell populations previously used for cartilage regeneration, successful cases of stem cell therapies in muscle and hemopoietic disorders, some of the reasons why these other fields have been successful (i.e., “lessons learned” to be applied to OA stem cell therapy), and finally, novel potential sources of stem cells for regenerating damaged cartilage in vivo.
Osmotic Processor for Enabling Sensitive and Rapid Biomarker Detection via Lateral Flow Assays
Authors: Chen Sheng-You , Wu Abe Y. , Lunde Ruby , Lai James J.
Published: June 2022

Urine is an attractive biospecimen for in vitro diagnostics, and urine-based lateral flow assays are low-cost devices suitable for point-of-care testing, particularly in low-resource settings. However, some of the lateral flow assays exhibit limited diagnostic utility because the urinary biomarker concentration is significantly lower than the assay detection limit, which compromises the sensitivity. To address the challenge, we developed an osmotic processor that statically and spontaneously concentrated biomarkers. The specimen in the device interfaces with the aqueous polymer solution via a dialysis membrane. The polymer solution induces an osmotic pressure difference that extracts water from the specimen, while the membrane retains the biomarkers. The evaluation demonstrated that osmosis induced by various water-soluble polymers efficiently extracted water from the specimens, ca. 5–15 ml/h. The osmotic processor concentrated the specimens to improve the lateral flow assays’ detection limits for the model analytes—human chorionic gonadotropin and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. After the treatment via the osmotic processor, the lateral flow assays detected the corresponding biomarkers in the concentrated specimens. The test band intensities of the assays with the concentrated specimens were very similar to the reference assays with 100-fold concentrations. The mass spectrometry analysis estimated the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein concentration increased ca. 200-fold after the osmosis. With its simplicity and flexibility, this device demonstrates a great potential to be utilized in conjunction with the existing lateral flow assays for enabling highly sensitive detection of dilute target analytes in urine.
Use of Customized 3D-Printed Titanium Augment With Tantalum Trabecular Cup for Large Acetabular Bone Defects in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Midterm Follow-Up Study
Authors: Kong Keyu , Zhao Chen , Chang Yongyun , Qiao Hua , Hu Yi , Li Huiwu , Zhang Jingwei
Published: June 2022

Aims: In revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), large acetabular bone defects pose challenges for surgeons. Recently, wide application of trabecular tantalum, which has outstanding biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and the development of three-dimensional (3D) printing have led to the introduction of new schemes for acetabular reconstruction. However, few studies have focused on the treatment of bone defects with customized 3D-printed titanium augments combined with tantalum trabecular cup. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of this therapy in patients who underwent revision THAs.

Patients and Methods: We included 23 patients with Paprosky type III acetabular bone defects who underwent revision THA between January 2013 and June 2019. The preoperative hip rotation center and functional score were compared with those at 2–7 years (average 4.7 years) postoperatively to evaluate the midterm prognosis of our treatment choice.

Results: Postoperatively, the rotation centres of all hips were comparable with those of the contralateral hips. Hip function improved with average Harris Hip Score improved from 33.5 (22.7–40.2) to 86.1 (73.5–95.6) and average Oxford Hip Score improved from 8.3 (0–14) to 38.8 (35–48) during follow-up. One dislocation, which occurred due to extreme hip flexion within 6 weeks, was treated with closed reduction, and no recurrent dislocation occurred. No nerve injury, infection, aseptic loosening, or osteolysis were observed and no re-revision was performed in any patient.

Conclusion: Satisfactory midterm outcomes were obtained with 3D-printed titanium augment combined with tantalum cup for the treatment of acetabular defects in revision THA. Changes in the Harris Hip Score and Oxford Hip Score suggested a significant improvement in hip function.
Primary Repair for Treating Acute Proximal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A Histological Analysis and Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Yang Yue , Jin Zhuangzhuang , Luo Jianghua , Zhang Delong , Shen Peng , Zheng Dianbin , Liu Donghao , Bai Lunhao
Published: June 2022

Reconstruction surgery for acute proximal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears remains controversial. Recently, ACL primary repair has received increasing attention in ACL treatment. This study aimed to explore the histological characteristics of ACL healing in primary repair and compare its therapeutic and prognostic results with the reconstruction of acute proximal ACL tears. Histological experiments using rabbits and a prospective clinical trial were conducted. We established a rabbit model of ACL primary repair, and histological changes were observed using haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and toluidine blue staining. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of CD34 and S-100 and measured the expression of collagen I and II using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The prospective clinical trial involved performing ACL primary repair and reconstruction in patients with acute proximal ACL tears to detect proprioception and evaluate the function of joints. We discovered that primary repair promoted cell proliferation in the tendon-bone transition and ligament portions, reduced osteoarthritis-like pathological changes, and maintained blood vessels and proprioceptors within the ACL. In the clinical trial, primary repair achieved similar therapeutic outcomes, including recovery of knee function and proprioception, in the follow-up period as ACL reconstruction. However, the primary repair had a significantly shorter operative time and lower cost than reconstruction. Therefore, doctors should consider the benefit of primary repair in treating acute proximal ACL tears.
Pan-Cancer Methylated Dysregulation of Long Non-coding RNAs Reveals Epigenetic Biomarkers
Authors: Zhao Ning , Guo Maozu , Zhang Chunlong , Wang Chunyu , Wang Kuanquan
Published: June 2022

Different cancer types not only have common characteristics but also have their own characteristics respectively. The mechanism of these specific and common characteristics is still unclear. Pan-cancer analysis can help understand the similarities and differences among cancer types by systematically describing different patterns in cancers and identifying cancer-specific and cancer-common molecular biomarkers. While long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key cancer modulators, there is still a lack of pan-cancer analysis for lncRNA methylation dysregulation. In this study, we integrated lncRNA methylation, lncRNA expression and mRNA expression data to illuminate specific and common lncRNA methylation patterns in 23 cancer types. Then, we screened aberrantly methylated lncRNAs that negatively regulated lncRNA expression and mapped them to the ceRNA relationship for further validation. 29 lncRNAs were identified as diagnostic biomarkers for their corresponding cancer types, with lncRNA AC027601 was identified as a new KIRC-associated biomarker, and lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 was regarded as a carcinogenic factor of KIRP. Two lncRNAs HOXA-AS2 and AC007228 were identified as pan-cancer biomarkers. In general, the cancer-specific and cancer-common lncRNA biomarkers identified in this study may aid in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
The Oxidative Damage and Inflammation Mechanisms in GERD-Induced Barrett’s Esophagus
Authors: Han Deqiang , Zhang Chao
Published: June 2022

Barrett’s esophagus is a major complication of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and an important precursor lesion for the development of Barrett’s metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Barrett’s metaplasia remain unclear. Inflammation-associated oxidative DNA damage could contribute to Barrett’s esophagus. It has been demonstrated that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs)-associated with ADP-ribosylation plays an important role in DNA damage and inflammatory response. A previous study indicated that there is inflammatory infiltration and oxidative DNA damage in the lower esophagus due to acid/bile reflux, and gastric acid could induce DNA damage in culture esophageal cells. This review will discuss the mechanisms of Barrett’s metaplasia and adenocarcinoma underlying oxidative DNA damage in gastro-esophageal reflux disease patients based on recent clinical and basic findings.
Membrane Lipids in Epithelial Polarity: Sorting out the PIPs
Authors: Bugda Gwilt Katlynn , Thiagarajah Jay R.
Published: June 2022

The development of cell polarity in epithelia, is critical for tissue morphogenesis and vectorial transport between the environment and the underlying tissue. Epithelial polarity is defined by the development of distinct plasma membrane domains: the apical membrane interfacing with the exterior lumen compartment, and the basolateral membrane directly contacting the underlying tissue. The de novo generation of polarity is a tightly regulated process, both spatially and temporally, involving changes in the distribution of plasma membrane lipids, localization of apical and basolateral membrane proteins, and vesicular trafficking. Historically, the process of epithelial polarity has been primarily described in relation to the localization and function of protein ‘polarity complexes.’ However, a critical and foundational role is emerging for plasma membrane lipids, and in particular phosphoinositide species. Here, we broadly review the evidence for a primary role for membrane lipids in the generation of epithelial polarity and highlight key areas requiring further research. We discuss the complex interchange that exists between lipid species and briefly examine how major membrane lipid constituents are generated and intersect with vesicular trafficking to be preferentially localized to different membrane domains with a focus on some of the key protein-enzyme complexes involved in these processes.
Air Pollution Exposure Induces Vascular Injury and Hampers Endothelial Repair by Altering Progenitor and Stem Cells Functionality
Authors: Costa Alice , Pasquinelli Gianandrea
Published: June 2022

Extensive evidence indicates an association of air pollution exposure with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Fine particulate matter (PM) represents one of the main components of urban pollution, but the mechanisms by which it exerts adverse effects on cardiovascular system remain partially unknown and under investigation. The alteration of endothelial functions and inflammation are among the earliest pathophysiological impacts of environmental exposure on the cardiovascular system and represent critical mediators of PM-induced injury. In this context, endothelial stem/progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular homeostasis, endothelial reparative capacity, and vasomotor functionality modulation. Several studies indicate the impairment of EPCs’ vascular reparative capacity due to PM exposure. Since a central source of EPCs is bone marrow (BM), their number and function could be related to the population and functional status of stem cells (SCs) of this district. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms by which PM exposure hinders vascular repair by the alteration of progenitor and stem cells’ functionality.
The Connection Between Rap1 and Talin1 in the Activation of Integrins in Blood Cells
Authors: Sun Hao , Lagarrigue Frederic , Ginsberg Mark H.
Published: June 2022

Integrins regulate the adhesion and migration of blood cells to ensure the proper positioning of these cells in the environment. Integrins detect physical and chemical stimuli in the extracellular matrix and regulate signaling pathways in blood cells that mediate their functions. Integrins are usually in a resting state in blood cells until agonist stimulation results in a high-affinity conformation (“integrin activation”), which is central to integrins’ contribution to blood cells’ trafficking and functions. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of integrin activation in blood cells with a focus on recent advances understanding of mechanisms whereby Rap1 regulates talin1-integrin interaction to trigger integrin activation in lymphocytes, platelets, and neutrophils.
The Role of DOT1L in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis
Authors: Arnold Olivia , Barbosa Karina , Deshpande Aniruddha J. , Zhu Nan
Published: June 2022

Disruptor of telomeric silencing 1 (DOT1) was first identified in yeast (DOT1p) and is the sole methyltransferase responsible for histone three lysine 79 (H3K79) mono-, di-, and tri-methylation. Mammalian DOT1 (DOT1-like protein or DOT1L) has been implicated in many cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression, DNA damage response, and development. A notable developmental process reliant on DOT1L function is normal hematopoiesis, as DOT1L knockout leads to impairment in blood lineage formation. Aberrant activity of DOT1L has been implicated in hematopoietic malignancies as well, especially those with high expression of the homeobox (HOX) genes, as genetic or pharmacological DOT1L inhibition causes defects in leukemic transformation and maintenance. Recent studies have uncovered methyltransferase-independent functions and a novel mechanism of DOT1L function. Here, we summarize the roles of DOT1L in normal and malignant hematopoiesis and the potential mechanism behind DOT1L function in hematopoiesis, in light of recent discoveries.
Glycan Profiling by Sequencing to Uncover Multicellular Communication: Launching Glycobiology in Single Cells and Microbiomes
Authors: Oinam Lalhaba , Tateno Hiroaki
Published: June 2022

Glycans are essential building blocks of life that are located at the outermost surface of all cells from mammals to bacteria and even viruses. Cell surface glycans mediate multicellular communication in diverse biological processes and are useful as “surface markers” to identify cells. Various single-cell sequencing technologies have already emerged that enable the high-throughput analysis of omics information, such as transcriptome and genome profiling on a cell-by-cell basis, which has advanced our understanding of complex multicellular interactions. However, there has been no robust technology to analyze the glycome in single cells, mainly because glycans with branched and heterogeneous structures cannot be readily amplified by polymerase chain reactions like nucleic acids. We hypothesized that the generation of lectins conjugated with DNA barcodes (DNA-barcoded lectins) would enable the conversion of glycan information to gene information, which may be amplified and measured using DNA sequencers. This technology will enable the simultaneous analysis of glycan and RNA in single cells. Based on this concept, we developed a technology to analyze glycans and RNA in single cells, which was referred to as scGR-seq. Using scGR-seq, we acquired glycan and gene expression profiles of individual cells constituting heterogeneous cell populations, such as tissues. We further extended Glycan-seq to the profiling of the surface glycans of bacteria and even gut microbiota. Glycan-seq and scGR-seq are new technologies that enable us to elucidate the function of glycans in cell–cell and cell–microorganism communication, which extends glycobiology to the level of single cells and microbiomes.
Non-Fossil Methane Emissions Mitigation From Agricultural Sector and Its Impact on Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Sirigina Devesh Sathya Sri Sairam , Nazir Shareq Mohd
Published: June 2022

The agriculture sector contributes to ∼40% of methane emissions globally. Methane is also 28 times (Assessment Report 5) more potent greenhouse gas than CO2. In this study, we assess the impact of measures for mitigating methane emissions from the agricultural sector on the achievement of all the 17 United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A keyword literature review was employed that focused on finding the synergies and trade-offs with non-fossil methane emissions from the agricultural sector and respective SDGs’ targets. The results were in broad consensus with the literature aimed at finding the relationship between SDGs and measures targeting climate change. There is a total of 88 synergies against eight trade-offs from the 126 SDGs’ targets that were assessed. It clearly shows that measures to mitigate methane emissions from the agricultural sector will significantly help in achieving the SDGs. Since agriculture is the primary occupation and the source of income in developing countries, it can further be inferred that methane mitigation measures in developing countries will play a larger role in achieving SDGs. Measures to mitigate methane emissions reduce poverty; diversify the source of income; promote health, equality, education, sanitation, and sustainable development while providing energy and resource security to the future generations.
Immunosensor of Nitrofuran Antibiotics and Their Metabolites in Animal-Derived Foods: A Review
Authors: Jia Jingze , Zhang Hongxia , Qu Jiayi , Wang Yuanfeng , Xu Naifeng
Published: June 2022

Nitrofuran antibiotics have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases due to the bactericidal effect. However, the residual and accumulation of their metabolites in vivo can pose serious health hazards to both humans and animals. Although their usage in feeding and process of food-derived animals have been banned in many countries, their metabolic residues are still frequently detected in materials and products of animal-derived food. Many sensitive and effective detection methods have been developed to deal with the problem. In this work, we summarized various immunological methods for the detection of four nitrofuran metabolites based on different types of detection principles and signal molecules. Furthermore, the development trend of detection technology in animal-derived food is prospected.