bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research of the influence of acoustic load on a piezoelectric emitter to control the cavitation erosion of materials
Authors: Khmelev V N , Barsukov R V , Barsukov A R
Published: November 2021

The paper analyzes the possibilities of research the cavitation erosion of materials that are subjected to cavitation effect. The study is carried out by a system for controlling the magnitude of the acoustic load on the piezoelectric emitter of the ultrasonic vibrating system. The analysis of the processes of interaction between the ultrasonic emitter and the processed environment was carried out on the basis of a research of the model, which was created on the basis of a system of electromechanical analogies. The analysis made it possible to reveal the dependence of the electrical impedance of the ultrasonic vibrating system on the magnitude of the acoustic load. The revealed dependencies made it possible to propose and develop a control system. It is able to provide a study of the properties that are located near the emitting surface of the ultrasonic emitter of materials influenced to cavitation ultrasonic, including under abnormal conditions (high temperatures and pressures).
Investigation synchronous planning methods efficiency in small-batch make-to-order production
Authors: Noskova E E , Kapulin D V , Russkikh P A
Published: November 2021

Lack of effective planning methods is one of the reasons for uneven use of production capacity, the occurrence of unplanned downtime and various types of losses. Small-scale make-to-order productions are characterized by weak workplaces specialization, by the versatility of the equipment used with a wide range of used components. They differ in the presence of repeated processing of part at the same workplaces and in occurrence of “a return flow” in a production system. The article discusses the features of planning due to technological specifics in such enterprises and a significant number of applicable incoming nomenclature items. Existing systems of production planning such Manufacturing Execution System and Advanced Planning & Scheduling System are compared, variants of their algorithmic implementation are proposed. The authors investigated the effectiveness of the application of the developed algorithms for different planning levels - interdepartmental and shop, depending of the size of order book and number of technological operations. The analysis of the conducted research allows us to assert that to provide synchronous scheduling in make-to-order small-scale productions it is necessary to apply combined planning approach using APS-and MES-technologies together.
Stress-strain state assessment capacitive apparatus taking into account impact piping for connectors
Authors: Zakirnichnaya M M , Rubtsov A V , Dementev V A , Kh Gabbasova A , Arkhipova K S
Published: November 2021

Capacitive equipment in oil refining and petrochemical processes belongs to one of the most significant and responsible groups of process equipment of hazardous production facilities. Having various purposes, an impressive part of the process vessels is operated at increased pressures and temperatures under conditions of corrosion-erosion wear. Therefore, capacitive equipment must meet all the necessary requirements in the field of reliability and industrial safety. Depending on the effect of various operational loads and other factors, the distribution of the stress-strain state of the equipment elements can vary according to various scenarios depending on the determining parameter of the technical state and the dominant damage mechanism. One such factor may be the loads on the nozzles from process pipelines. The geometry features and various operational parameters of the piping can have a significant effect on the formation of the stress-strain state of the vessel and the distribution of areas of concentration of increased stresses. In the future, defects of various levels may occur in these zones. In this regard, the work on the study of the stress-strain state of the vessel is relevant, taking into account the loads that pipelines from the process piping exert on the nozzles.
Control, computing and communication in industrial cyberphysical systems with feedback
Authors: Shukalov A V , Zakoldaev D A , Zharinov I O , Zharinov O O
Published: November 2021

The cyber-physical production base technologies are control, computing and connection being applied altogether in the industrial object technological processes automatic regulation systems. They use control technologies in multi-loops and multi-channel regulation systems forming a hierarchy structure. Automatics functional elements unite in the intermediary regulation scheme stabilizing hierarchy control objects, which states are detected with sensors. Computing technologies are used in the cyber-physical production imitation virtual environment and provide processes simulation based on control models and cyber-physical systems digital twins structured in hierarchy levels. The regulation accuracy increase is provided with physical and model processes results comparison detecting non-definition factors acting production processes accuracy. The communication technology is used for the cyber-physical systems net information exchange given with the Internet of Things parameters. The cyber-physical systems continuous work in the non-ideal communication net regulation interval is provided with preventive control signals compensating operation and information delay of automatic conveyor lines. There is a scheme given of multi-loop and multi-channel automatic cyber-physical production using control objects hierarchy based on cyber-physical systems hierarchy and item manufacturing technological tasks.
Improving the antifriction properties of the housing-rotor coupling in axial turbomachines
Authors: Alisin V V
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the frictional interaction of carbon-carbon composite material on steel. Antifriction properties and wear resistance of the material under dry friction at speeds up to 100 m/s are investigated. The effect of velocity and contact pressure on the friction coefficient and wear resistance of a carbon composite is analyzed. The regularities of the change in the coefficient of friction are determined depending on the load-speed factors. The assumption is substantiated that the high thermal stability of the carbon composite, its low hardness, good antifriction properties and high wear resistance allow the material to be used in friction units operating at very high speeds and temperatures. In order to improve the reliability and reduce gas flows in axial turbomachines, on the basis of the study carried out, it is recommended that instead of heat-resistant coatings, a lining of the gas duct casing should be made of carbon composite.
Impact of the electromagnetic field pressure on the bending of high convex-side
Authors: Kurlaev N V , Ahmed Soliman M E
Published: November 2021

A large number of aircraft parts made of sheet materials are used as flanges, common to such parts is the presence of walls, sides, and various elements that increase rigidity and reduce mass. These sheet parts are complex, mostly closed forms, which by plastic deformation methods require a rather complex stamping tools. Technological methods of manufacturing have certain disadvantages associated with the need to refine the shaping. In addition, the frequent updating of product designs and their constant improvement with a significant amount of experimental and small-scale production required the creation of technological methods that provide a significant reduction in terms of preparation. When punching sheet metal parts, in particular, by the pressure of magnetic-pulse field, the accuracy of shaping is mainly influenced by the shape of the flange in the process of deformation. At the final stage of shaping, an impact contact occurs between the flange of the part with the die or form-block. On impact, elastic unloading of the flange occurs due to the removal of inertial tensile stresses along the generatrix. After the impact contact, dynamic springing or rebound of the flange occurs.
Results of flaw detection of parts of the «shaft - pinion bushing» connection of agricultural machinery reducers
Authors: Zh Shkaruba N , Leonov O A
Published: November 2021

The article has devoted to solving an urgent problem related to the fault detection of the main parts of gearboxes. A study of the dimensions of new and worn parts, forming the connection «shaft - pinion bushing» Ø4ON7/k6 in the gearboxes of agricultural machines had carried out. It was found that the defect in size is 12.45 %, and the defect in shaft size is 8.69 %. It had found that the greatest wear of the holes when reaching 0.082 mm, about 19 % of the gears must be replaced due to the excess of the inner diameter, the shafts wear up to 0.12 mm and about 23 % of the shafts have rejected. It has shown that a transitional fit is assigned in the new joint, as evidenced by the presence of both clearances and interferences, and interferences predominate. The defect to the left of the span of a fit is 0.91 % and to the right is 0.47 %. This indicates that all new holes and shafts can be allowed for assembly, including those provided by defect, but as a result, there will be practically no defect in the joints. When joints have formed from worn parts, above 25 % of rejects at the maximum clearance, therefore, flaw detection and complete control in this case are necessary.
Influence of the electromagnetic field pressure on the free bending of the straight side
Authors: Kurlaev N V , Ahmed Soliman M E
Published: November 2021

Bending is the operation of forming or changing the angles between the parts of the workpiece or giving it a curved shape and in the mean time is the most difficult and timeconsuming operation of the technological process of manufacturing parts from profiles. Aircraft bending parts of the following nomenclature are obtained as profiles: frames, ribs, stringers, linings and brackets. Profile parts are responsible for their intended purpose; therefore, high requirements are placed on the accuracy of their dimensions and the preservation of the crosssection shape. The process of bending profiles has its own characteristics, which are due to the shape of the profile section; the first feature is the presence of vertical shelves, significantly loaded and deformed due to large distances from the neutral axis of the bent section, the second is the mismatch of the bending plane with the main axes of inertia of the section, which causes oblique bending and twisting of the part. When analyzing the bending process of extruded profiles, it should be borne in mind that the neutral layer of the workpiece coincides with the line that passes through the centers of gravity of the sections. When using the hypothesis of planar sections of the plot of deformations and stresses in the stretched and compressed zones do not have a mutually reflected form. It is very important how the profile is oriented in the bending plane. Different orientation of the profile, even the simplest cross-section (for example, angular), gives a qualitatively different picture of the deformed state.
Dependence of the spectral components of the stator current on damage in the electric motor
Authors: Charikov P N , Afanasenko A G
Published: November 2021

Safety and fail-safety of production processes largely depend on the technical condition of machine assemblies that play a key role in production. The main drive mechanism of machine assemblies is an asynchronous electric drive with a squirrel-cage rotor. Damage to any part of the electric motor reduces the performance and service life of the machine. Malfunctions resulting from normal wear and tear, errors in maintenance and design, harmful environmental influences and other factors must be identified and eliminated in a timely manner. In this regard, the analysis of the condition of the electric motor and the prediction of damage plays a major role in increasing the reliability and increasing the service life of the equipment. This article will consider the regularities of the spectral components of the stator current of an electric motor from the mode of failure.
Testing the magnetoactive elastomer sample for compression with the test machine
Authors: Minaev Andrey
Published: November 2021

A sample of a magnetoactive silicone composite with ferromagnetic fillers is examined on a testing machine. The dependences of the change in the values of the moduli of longitudinal elasticity on deformation are plotted for various modes of compression of the sample. The characteristics of the linear and nonlinear dynamics of changes in the moduli of longitudinal elasticity are given as a function of the magnitudes of the deformations of the material during compression. Within the limits of deformation of the sample, which is 24% of its height, the moduli of longitudinal elasticity are linear. The nonlinear nature of the change in the compression modulus occurs when the sample is deformed over 40%. When the compression ratio of the sample was up to 72%, the compression modulus increased by a factor of 9 without the action of a magnetic field and by a factor of 22 under the action of a magnetic field. The influence of the magnetic field on the growth of the compression moduli with the increase in the compression force ranges is shown. The property of the material to self-healing (“shape memory”) was established after testing in the mode of maximum compression of ultimate loads.
Optimization problem of external dynamic influences for the elimination of vibration phenomena in composite elastic building structures
Authors: Provotorov V V , Lebedeva Y O , Tran D , Borisoglebskaya L N , Vorobyov E I
Published: November 2021

The paper considers the actual task of construction engineering: the elimination of harmful (undesirable) vibration phenomena in composite metal building structures and bridge cable-stayed systems – complete damping and vibration of the bridge cable-stayed system entails the calming of the entire bridge structure. Similar problems arise when designing devices that lead to dynamic rest of network antenna structures. The presentation of the material is based on the main provisions of the modern theory of optimal control of distributed differential systems with network carriers. An extensive literature is devoted to the sanctification of the research of the mentioned problem, however, an exhaustive solution of the problems of controlling elastic structures by external influences of various types (distributed, boundary, starting, and point control) and a comparative analysis of their properties did not find their place in these studies. In addition, the ways of algorithmization of previously obtained results are not always specified. The paper uses a mathematical model describing small oscillations of a spatial string system. It is convenient to use such a system and approaches to the analysis of its mathematical model as a fairly simple fundamental object when considering a more complex object, which is an elastic system of more complex elements. The results of the work are presented in a form that makes it possible to formalize the computational procedure, which is convenient for algorithmizing the process of determining the solution, and therefore for the modern application of computer technology. It remains to add that the work indicates ways to transfer the obtained results to the case of analyzing optimal control problems with carriers on multidimensional network-like domains.
Development of mobile aircraft control system model with additive technologies
Authors: Butorin V V , Golubev V A , Zhukov A O , Kartsan I N
Published: November 2021

The article describes the parameter evaluation of mobile spacecraft control systems and identifies their main advantages in comparison with stationary assets. The model and the mobile spacecraft control system mock-up using additive technologies were developed with existing methods for prototyping complex technical systems. This model performs experimental operations of the prototype of the mobile control system, accompanies the spacecraft in the area of its radio visibility, simulates the implementation of technological cycles of spacecraft control, evaluates the parameters of the target equipment, analyzes the characteristics of the antenna system and the layout, conducts experiments and eliminates abnormal situations. It also optimizes the spacecraft testing based on the use of artificial intelligence techniques.
Features of the use of quartz sand as a vibration damping spacer for internal combustion engine muffler housing
Authors: Deryabin Igor , Gorina Larisa , Krasnov Aleksandr
Published: November 2021

Evaluation of acoustic characteristics of an internal combustion engine (ICE) takes into account its capability to reduce gas dynamic noise from exhausted gases as well as the level of structural (housing) noise emitted by the dynamically excited housing. The muffler housing is dynamically excited in a mechanical way from an ICE vibrating on the suspension as well as by a pulsating flow of exhaust gases transmitting vibration energy via hard support ties of rubber metallic suspension supports on the vehicle frame or body and emitting sound to the surrounding space. One of the methods to reduce the level of muffler housing noise is making the housing double-layered with internal and external walls made of metal, or making it triple-layered containing a vibration damping spacer between the internal and external walls. An efficient solution is the use of a loose vibration damping substances represented by quartz sand as a vibration damping spacer. The article considers the study results of structural sound levels emitted by triple-layered walls of an ICE muffler depending on the bulk density of quartz sand used as a vibration damping spacer between muffler housing walls.
Design of a new gas-dynamic stabilization system for a metal-cutting plasma torch
Authors: Matushkina I Yu , Anakhov S V , Pyckin Yu A
Published: November 2021

The analysis of the influence of various design solutions of the gas-dynamic stabilization system in plasma torches for cutting metals on the efficiency of equalizing the velocities of gas flows along the cross-section of the gas path is carried out. It is noted that the efficiency evaluation method developed by the authors should be based on the calculation of the uniformity of the gas flow velocity distribution over the cross-section of the gas-air path of the plasma torch. A vortex stabilization system using two swirlers is proposed. The effect of improving the reliability and quality of plasma cutting is shown. The results of the efficiency studies for the proposed system of gas-vortex stabilization in metal-cutting plasma torches are presented. The calculating results of equalization coefficients for the velocity distribution in different parts of the gas-dynamic stabilization system in the plasma torch are presented. Based on the results of the calculations, a constructive optimization of the gas-air path in the plasma torch was performed. The experimentally obtained advantages of the new upgraded plasma torch in terms of the gas-vortex stabilization efficiency are demonstrated. The effects of improved cutting quality and reduced nozzle wear in the new plasma torch are shown. This is due to the higher degree of the plasma arc stabilization in the new plasma torch, which leads to a decrease in its oscillations, and, consequently, to an increase in the efficiency of the cutting process.
Distribution of magnetic field intensity on surface of ferromagnetic specimen with specimen getting thinner
Authors: Pivovarov V Yu , Kuzeyev I R
Published: November 2021

Contemporary achievements of the physics of surfaces allow to define dramatic differences between the surface layers and the underneath part of the same material. Even though there is a wide range of test methods and scientific findings, so far all the peculiarities of the surface phenomena have not been figured out. The article considers a hypothesis of the surface layer fractal structure. The hypothesis is based on the fact that the transition from a 3D plane to a 2D plane happens through a number of intermediary structures (transition or small-fraction layer). In order to check this hypothesis, we carried out an experiment aimed at studying the intensity of the magnetic field of a ferromagnetic specimen with the specimen getting thinner. The idea of the experiment was in the assumption that if the specimen has a certain thickness the surface layers will become comparable with the underneath material and this will influence the way the magnetic field intensity changes. The conducted measurements allowed to build a correlation between the magnetic field intensity components and the specimen thickness. The measurements showed that the thinner the specimen is, the ‘closer’ the correlation is. These findings display how the small fraction layer reacts to the change of the underneath material. This confirms it is possible to obtain information about the state of the structural material underneath by measuring the surface properties.
Improvement of product drafting process in drafting devices of the spinning machines with the application of straps
Authors: Nurboev Rashit , Abdullaev Murkosim Khudayberdiev Anvar , Sharofov Okhun , Aripova Olima
Published: November 2021

This paper covers the analysis of operation drafting devices of the spinning machines, the technological requirements for the processes of product straightening, product drafting, straightening and parallelization of fibers and the basic theoretical prerequisites. The main geometrical parameters of design of drafting pairs, their interaction, influencing factors as the process of yarn formation after drafting, with the use of straps, are considered. Analysis of the operation of the existing design of drafting devices of technological machines of spinning production has the following disadvantages: low reliability and service life of rubber straps, insufficient strength characteristics and elastic-mechanical properties of the frame element made of technical cotton fabrics. It is necessary to select a pair of straps that meets all the requirements of conditional operation of a pair of straps as a frame element for the upper and lower straps made of thin-layer metal fabric made of metal thread, make adjustments to additional calculations of the design parameters of the drafting devices, taking into account the straps made with a thin metal fabric base.
Mathematical model of gas dynamics of a nozzle channel with a gas-dynamic method of thrust vector control using a porous insert
Authors: Brykov N A , Kaun V Yu , Yatsenko A A
Published: November 2021

The ability to change the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector is a fundamental parameter of the propulsion systems of aircraft. A wide range of methods for controlling these quantities has been developed, which are used depending on the design schemes. The article discusses the organization of the gas-dynamic method of thrust vector control, carried out using distributed gas injection through a porous insert.
The methodology of a locomotive simulation model development within the model-oriented approach
Authors: Rublev M S , Sitnikov M S , Goriunov A A , Filimonov A V , Shakirov A A
Published: November 2021

The use of mathematical modelling at the early stages of product design makes it possible to substantiate fundamental technical solutions, taking into account all possible (large number) requirements for the product by consumers and operation. At this (early) stage, it is important to use well-tested and convenient tools for designers to create virtual stands and digital twins (DC), confirming compliance, as well as forming the structure of systems and products as a whole. The article discusses a comprehensive methodology for the process of constructing a numerical model of a locomotive for analysing dynamics under various operating conditions. It is based on the top-level structural model (LBM), which is presented in the form of a block diagram and is used at all stages of product design. The required detailing of such a model depends on the actual tasks. The detailed models of the systems that have been developed within the framework of the work are presented.
Numerical simulation of gas flow in nozzle channels with a central body
Authors: Kaun Yu V , Brykov N A , Chernyshov M V
Published: November 2021

The development of a reusable launch system is one of the most promising directions in the development of cosmonautics. World rocket companies are striving to create a space vehicle with improved tactical and technical characteristics. The main task is to ensure the most efficient flight mode of the reusable spacecraft from the point of view of the full load of the injection system. Since the main costs are spent on transporting the fuel of the rocket and its own design, the developers strive to fully load such a system not only when sending into orbit, but also when returning back. The implementation of the idea of a reusable spacecraft entails large energy losses, which suggests the idea of creating a single-stage reusable launch system.
Influence of temperature fluctuation on friction inside hydraulic cylinder
Authors: Dunaeva S P , Pankiv M D , Lunev A S , Karnaukhov I V , Afanasov V I
Published: November 2021

This paper considers variety of hydraulic actuators. Also it shows analysis of hydraulic equipment. The contribution is important due to the fact that it determines influence of temperature on friction in hydraulic equipment. The paper examines the factors of reducing the performance of hydrofected machines during operation at low temperatures. The importance of the work is due to the fact that the effects of temperature on friction in hydraulic equipment are considered. An experiment was also conducted, due to which the influence of temperature on the wear resistance of the hydraulic cylinder was revealed.
Adaptive centrifuge vibration damping module for biofuel production
Authors: Bashmur K A , Kolenchukov O A , Kachaeva V A , Tsygankova E V , Tynchenko Ya A
Published: November 2021

The present study considers the problem of obtaining promising renewable energy sources, in particular biofuel. Biomass is the main fuel for green energy accounting for two-thirds of renewable energy. Industry further development depends on improvement of used equipment and technologies. Biofuel usually contains significant amounts of harmful impurities that need to be isolated. The paper deals with the problems of centrifuge operation for the biofuel production. In particular, the most significant operation problem is the residual rotor imbalance which causes torsional oscillations that negatively affect the biodiesel production process and centrifuge reliability. A new technology for damping torsional vibrations of centrifugal device rotating system is described as well as adaptive module device for its implementation is developed. The module main feature is vibrations adaptive level of the rotor elements interaction with external environment. Computer simulation of the module operation process in ANSYS Fluent program was carried out. Data on the module efficiency depending on various factors in the dynamics of its work are obtained. The most effective device configuration is determined.
Measurement of geometric parameters of extended objects based on the four-coordinate method with a displacement
Authors: Grigorev M G , Abakumov H H , Fedorov E M
Published: November 2021

The paper states that the diameter control in the cable industry is one of the fundamental factors in the final product quality. Such control takes place under the condition that data on the diameter of the electrical insulating sheath of the electric cable will be received continuously. It is possible to evaluate the surface quality of the cable insulation coating, to track thinning, thickening, and some other local surface defects when we receive and process data on the object of control in real time. Modern production facilities are focused on resource efficiency. It means that reducing the consumption of expensive cable materials (non-ferrous metals, alloys, glass, polymers) and insulating materials (plastic compounds, PVC, rubber, etc.) will be one of the main factors in setting up a production complex. The continuous control of the diameter has the ability to provide for such a factor, and also makes it possible to automate the adjustment of the diameter as well as the thickness of the insulation coating using the meter as a part of automatic control systems.
Ways to ensure the efficiency and improvement the efficiency of hydraulic machines
Authors: Lunev A S , Kaverzina A S , Karnaukhov I V , Pankiv M D , Andreychikov I V
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the methods of designing hydraulic drives with minimal energy losses are considered. As well as ways to reduce energy losses in hydraulic systems. The importance of the work is due to the fact that methods have been proposed to improve the reliability and environmental friendliness of the hydraulic drive.
Simulation of the electron beam welding process of a bimetallic ring by means of ANSYS
Authors: Kurashkin S O , Rogova D V , Tynchenko Ya A
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to modeling the process of electron beam welding in the manufacture of electric motors with a bimetallic ring used in biofuel preparation reactors. The main problem at the current stage of production is the choice of the technological mode of welding and the repeatability of the result. In this work, the authors simulate the welding of electric motors with a bimetallic ring under various technological modes in the ANSYS simulation environment in the process of electron beam welding. The result of the work will be a graphical representation of the temperature distribution on the surface of the product at various values of the technological parameters (electron beam current, welding speed and welding process time). Today, the choice of modes for a new technological process is carried out experimentally, which entails high material costs. The approach proposed by the authors allows, with minimal time and material costs, to select a technological mode for welding products from new alloys.
Finely dispersed salt particles morphometric properties obtained by carnallite solutions spray drying
Authors: Ignatova A M , Feinburg G Z , Ignatov M N
Published: November 2021

Currently, there is no consensus on the salt caves aero ionic environment effects mechanism on the human body, however, there is physiotherapy a separate type, based on such exposure health-improving effect, known as speleotherapy. To recreate the salt cave environment aero ionic composition, a halo chamber is used. To reduce their cost, recreating the air environment methods by contacting flowing air means with carnallite rock finely dispersed powder and dry and wet aerosols generators have been developed. When implementing these methods, both the powder obtained directly by crushing the rock and the powder obtained by salt solutions evaporation drying can be used. The study aim is to reveal finely dispersed salt particles morphometric properties obtained by carnallite solutions spray drying based on different dispersion raw materials. It has been established fine salt particles those morphometric properties obtained by spray drying of carnallite solutions based on different dispersion raw materials differ in average size, sphericity factor, topography character and chemical composition. Particles formed by solution evaporation on the macro disperse raw materials (3-5 mm) basis have larger size, smaller fractional range, more compact shape and relief characterized by multifractality. At the same time, solution-based particles from macro disperse raw materials contain more impurities. Particles a distinguishing characteristic from solution-based lumpy raw materials is the potassium cluster distribution on the surface.
Method for determining the mass of evaporated water during thermal regulation in artificial agroecosystems
Authors: Grishin A P , Grishin A A , Grishin V A
Published: November 2021

We noted the need for the use of digital technologies in crop production, i.e. we need to develop a special software. As we know any software implies that processes and functions are presented in an analytical form. Photosynthesis most efficiently (at the maximum rate) proceeds at a certain temperature, which is provided by thermoregulation using a self-organizing process of evaporative cooling (SOPEC). This process accounts for more than 90% of all water consumed by the plant. It is noted that the water needs of a plant will be determined by the SOPEC, since the relationship between the main energy factors – photosynthesis and thermoregulation – is reduced to the SOPEC functioning. The analytical determination of the mass of evaporated water plays a key role in the development of a digital moisture supply system and its software. The derivation of the analytical expression is based on the determination of the thermal component of light radiation energy by the method of graphical integration of the spectral distribution of the intensity of this radiation. The obtained expression allowed determining the mass of the evaporated liquid during thermoregulation. The result obtained was verified experimentally by taking the calculated value of the evaporation mass and comparing it with the experimental results. A test showed that the experimental weight slightly, i.e. by 4%, differs from the calculated weight.
Application of the comprehensive analysis of pollution of the Kacha river by oil products in the information and analytical system
Authors: Lis E V , Popov A A , Gritsenko E M , Voronchikhina E N
Published: November 2021

This article examines the analysis of the concentration of oil products depending on the anthropogenic impact on water quality in the Kacha River. As part of the work, the regularities of the dynamics of changes in the concentration of oil products in the Kacha River in the period from January 2014 to December 2020 were investigated, methods for determining oil products in water were considered, and one of them was selected for analyzing the pollution of the Kacha River. An analysis was also carried out between the concentrations of oil products and other pollutants controlled at this facility. A method of cleaning from petroleum products has been selected. The experimental research technique is described, the results are presented in the form of tables and diagrams. A prototype of an information and analytical system for analyzing the concentration of oil products in water basins has been designed.
Indirect estimation of the production rate of wells with low flow rate
Authors: Svetlakova S V , Krasnov A N , Prakhova M Yu
Published: November 2021

The problem of measuring the flow rate of wells with low production rates is relevant for many oil fields. Conventional flow meters are not suitable for such cases, and installing an additional flow meter for each well is impractical. At the same time, wells with sucker-rod pumping units (the majority of wells) are outfitted with dynamographs for continuous diagnostics of the pumping equipment state. Dynamograms allow determining the theoretical flow rate of the well easily, however, a mathematical model is required to estimate the actual flow rate. For the correction of flow rate obtained from dynamograms, the authors of this study propose using models based on regression equations that link the calculated valueswith the measurements made by a reference instrument. The results of the experiments have confirmed the eligibility of this approach.
Geolocation and diagnostics of trunk pipelines using an active acoustic sensor
Authors: Kokhonkova E A , Maykov O A , Potylitsyn V S
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the issue of determining the location of the main pipeline to identify the deviation of its position from the design due to climatic factors. The possibility of using active sensors capable of operating both as diagnostic devices installed on the main pipeline and as a beacon is investigated, according to the signal of which it is possible to determine the location of this sensor with acceptable accuracy. The optimal operating frequencies are determined by mathematical modeling to ensure the maximum data transfer rate and the required signal-to-noise ratio. The simulation results show the possibility of assessing the attenuation of signals in the ground, as well as determining the limiting range of the method.
Assessment and investigation of measurement uncertainty of standard samples of substances and materials in physicochemical measurements based on standard test methods
Authors: Masharipov Sh M , Ruzmatov K R , Rahmatullayev S A , Fattoyev F F , Mahmudjonov M M , Isaqov A G
Published: November 2021

The article assessed and investigated the uncertainty of measurements of standard samples of substances and materials in physicochemical measurements based on standard test methods. A general approach to estimating the sources of uncertainty of standard samples is described. Uncertainties from heterogeneity of standard sample material. uncertainty from instability of standard sample characteristic values. uncertainty from method of setting reference value are investigated. Purity of substances is the main parameter that needs to be paid attention to when studying their properties. This is all the more important when it comes to using a pure substance as some approximation to the prototype reference value. since only this unit of seven main units in the International System of Units (SI system) does not have its own standard. In this sense. an important scientific task is the comprehensive study of pure substances for their practical use as benchmarks for comparison in metrological works and analytical research. The main and very important part of the measurement traceability system are materials with certified (certified) content of components and defined uncertainties of these values (standard samples of the approved type). which require pure substances certified at a higher - reference level. i.e. comparison standards.
On the choosing the installation location the balancing devices in low-voltage distribution electric networks
Authors: Naumov I V , Podyachikh S V
Published: November 2021

The experimental studies result on the power quality and additional power losses analysis caused by the asymmetric modes occurrence in three-phase four-wire 0.38 kV electrical networks are considered. The operating modes 38 kV networks several types simulation – with power take-off nodes distributed along the power line, and an electric network with a concentrated load is carried out. The programs have been developed that allow to assess the change in indicators characterizing asymmetric modes, as well as programs that allow us to visualize this process change. The most installing special symmetrical devices appropriate places in electric networks with a distributed load (rural electric distribution networks) and concentrated power take-off nodes electric networks (urban electric networks) have been identified to minimize losses and improve the power quality. A numerical studied indicators analysis was performed.
Application of parametric standardization in the calculation of rows of hydraulic cylinder diameters
Authors: Temasova G N , Leonov O A , Shkaruba N Zh , Vergazova Yu G , Golinitskiy P V
Published: November 2021

Currently, the ordering of standardization objects and their properties, optimization of the parameters of standardization objects, normalization of requirements for objects are the most important areas of standardization as a science. In this regard, the issues of choosing parametric series are very relevant. In order to increase the level of interchangeability and reduce the range of products and standard sizes of blanks, overall cutting tools, tooling, productivity, speed, speed, power, etc., used in a particular industry, as well as to create conditions for effective specialization and cooperation of plants, reduce the cost of products, the principle of preference is used in the unification and development of standards. There are two methods for choosing parametric series: the method of technical justification and the method of economic justification. The technical method is easier to use and is used to expand the technologies of unification of standard sizes of parts of homogeneous products. This method was used to calculate a number of diameters of hydraulic cylinders of broaching machines of the same series based on the mathematical dependence between the force developed on the hydraulic cylinder rod, which is formed by the initial parametric series laid down by the designers. As a result of technical optimization of the choice of the parametric series, a number of diameters of hydraulic cylinders R20/2(45-224) mm was installed, fully corresponding to the main functional parameter - a number of forces on the rod of broaching machines R10/2(0.63-16.0) kN.
Ensuring fire safety during the operation of oil and gas equipment based on the results of compact specimens tests
Authors: Samigullin G Kh , Samigullina L G
Published: November 2021

The paper considers the application of the test method of compact specimens to assess the degree of damage of steel elements of oil and gas equipment. According to experimental data, an analytical dependence was obtained linking the degree of damage to the index of the specific fracture work, intended to assess the possibility of safe operation of explosive and fire-hazardous equipment.
Purification of thermal power plant emissions from carbon dioxide by the liquefaction method as part of a turboexpander unit
Authors: Egorov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Lysyannikov A V , Kuznetsov A V , Bezborodov Yu N , Shram V G , Kuzmin N V , Tyukanov V L
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this work is to estimate the energy costs for the utilization of carbon dioxide generated by thermal power plants operating on various types of fuel by the liquefaction method as part of a turbo-expander installation, as well as a general assessment of the efficiency of the TPP during the utilization of carbon dioxide. The energy costs for the liquefaction of carbon dioxide in the turbo-expander unit from the combustion products of thermal power plants running on coal, natural gas and heating oil differ slightly and amount to about 5 MJ/kg of fuel burned. The practical application of purification of combustion products of thermal power plants from carbon dioxide by the liquefaction method as part of a turboexpander installation is possible as part of combined-cycle power plants with a simultaneous reduction in electrical efficiency by more than 10 % to a level of less than 50 %.
Optimal control of fluctuations of the “liquid substance - pipeline” system in terms of speed during transportation of a liquid substance
Authors: Sergeev S M , Provotorova E N , Lebedeva Y O , Borisoglebskaya L N , Kravets Ja
Published: November 2021

The process of transporting a liquid substance (oil, petroleum products, gas mixtures) the pipeline network and related engineering facilities, being a dynamically non-equilibrium physical system, are often carried out in extreme modes, which can form dangerous wave phenomena accompanied by various instabilities, generating undesirable consequences and even catastrophes. Similar phenomena can occur in technical devices and apparatuses containing in their design hydraulic networks for the transfer of continuous media (aircraft, energy objects). Eliminate (extinguish or reduce the intensity) such phenomena are possible in the shortest possible time by making additional structural changes to the pipeline network, which make it possible to use external devices for dynamic influence on the “liquid substance – pipeline” system and eliminate (or minimize) the possibility of negative wave effects. The paper is devoted to the problem of eliminating dangerous vibrations initiated by a liquid substance transported through a pipeline network, provided that time resources are spent minimally. A mathematical model of the wave process and the problem of optimal control over the speed of such a model are considered. The control effect on the “liquid substance-pipeline” system is carried out at the initial and final points of the pipeline network, while the necessary information about the state of the system is used in a finite number of points distributed along the entire length of the pipeline, which makes it possible to calculate external influences on the system. In order to simplify the presentation of the results, a linear carrier of a liquid substance is used (in applications, a pipeline without branches) and a one-dimensional wave equation – the length of the pipeline is much larger than its diameter.
Engineering of renewable fuels in the energy complex of the region
Authors: Nefedov D G , Ketova K V , Rusyak I G
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the solution to the problem of the integrated use of renewable fuels in order to minimize ecological damage to the environment. A mathematical model has been developed that operates with averaged values of stocks of raw materials and fuel requirements. It allows you to determine the optimal number of enterprises for the production of each type of fuel, while obtaining the final formulas characterizing the schemes for the optimal location of production, as well as the relationship between these indicators. Applied calculations were carried out on the example of the Udmurt Republic.
Optimal control of pulse compensators of oscillatory phenomena in a network oil and gas pipeline system
Authors: Tkachova S A , Maltsev A S , Fedotov A A , Gunkina A S , Kravets O Ja
Published: November 2021

Within the framework of oil and gas engineering, the problem of optimal control of pulse compensators that counteract harmful oscillatory phenomena in a continuous medium during transportation via network gas-hydraulic carriers is considered. Powerful compressor units that create high pressure in the carrier of a continuous medium, to a large extent contribute to the formation of undesirable oscillatory phenomena (pulsations) that occur at the output of these compressors. These ripples are transmitted to the network carrier environment, which significantly reduces the efficiency of compressor units and even causes accidents in the networks of gas and hydraulic carriers. The latter means that the software engineering of the oil and gas industry should include research in the direction of improving the reliability of operation of compressor units and gas-hydraulic carriers. In the presented study, the mathematical description of the oscillatory process of a continuous medium is carried out by formalisms of a differential-difference system of hyperbolic equations with distributed parameters on a graph. At the same time, the mathematical model contains a fairly accurate mathematical description of controlled pulse compensators. The problem of controlling pulse compensators of an oscillatory process is considered as the problem of a point control action on a controlled differential-difference system at the places where continuous medium vibration dampers are connected to a network carrier. This is a characteristic feature of the presented study, which is quite often used in practice when engineering the processes of transporting various kinds of continuous media through network oil and gas carriers. The study essentially uses the conjugate state and the conjugate system for a differential-difference system - the relations determining the optimal point control are obtained. The results of the work are applicable in the framework of oil and gas engineering to the study of issues of stabilization and parametric optimization.