bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЭКОСИСТЕМ БАНКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ БАНКОВСКОГО ПРОСТРАНСТВА
Authors: Быканова Н.И. , Соловей Ю.А. , Гордя Д.В. , Коньшина Л.А.
Published: August 2020

В данной статье рассмотрены методические подходы к определению понятия «экосистема» и ее модели. Систематизированы основные тренды создания финансовой экосистемы, представлены формы трансформации бизнес-модели финансовой организации (банка), которые предполагают переход от «классической организации» к «экосистеме». Кроме того, представлены преимущества экосистемы банка с учетом всех основных элементов банковской системы, которые заключаются в формировании банками наборов сервисов для наиболее полного удовлетворения нужд клиента в какой-либо области. Выявлены особенности действующих экосистем как на мировом, так и на отечественном финансовом рынке. На основе проведённого анализа были определены наиболее развитые экосистемы у Сбербанка, Тинькофф Банка, Банка ВТБ в условиях цифровизации банковского пространства. Обоснованы базовые тенденции, которые обеспечат рост интереса банков к экосистемам, а также возможные пути внедрения их в бизнес-модель классических банков.
Isolation of Candida africana in oral candidiasis: First report among cancer patients in Iran
Authors: Lotfali Ensieh , Mardani Masoud , Abolghasemi Sara , Darvishnia David , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Ghasemi Reza , Fattahi Azam
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is a fungal infection of the oral cavity caused by the members of C. albicans complex. Although C. africana, as a part of the complex, is considered to be mostly responsible for the development of vulvovaginal candidiasis, it may be associated with a wider clinical spectrum.
Case report: This report described two cases diagnosed with oral candidiasis during the receipt of treatment for malignancies. Conventional and molecular tests were performed on the samples collected from the patients’ oral cavities. The test results revealed C. africana as the causative agent of oral candidiasis. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal susceptibility test indicated the full susceptibility of all C. africana isolates to caspofungin. However, the data were also suggestive of the resistance against fluconazole and amphotericin B. Caspofungin was used as the main antifungal agent for the treatment of oral candidiasis, resulting in the improvement of thrush in patients. The resistance of C. africana to fluconazole and amphotericin B suggests the necessity of performing in vitro susceptibility testing on the isolates for the selection of appropriate antifungal agents.
Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the achievement of knowledge regarding C. africana as an emerging non-albicans Candida species and its antifungal susceptibility profile is crucial to select antifungal prophylaxis and empirical therapy for oral candidiasis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Epidemiological characterization of pityriasis versicolor and distribution of Malassezia species in students from Hai Phong city, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Bac Duy , Vo Hien Thi Thanh , Thanh Mai Dinh Thi , Vu Thai Van , Lai Thuy Thi Thanh , Nguyen Mui Thi , Bui Anh Thi Hong , Trinh Khuong Van , Cao Loi Ba , Trieu Sang Tien , Le Dung Thi Kim , Hoang Sa Cao , Le Anh Tran , Nguyen Luc Khac , Do Anh Ngoc
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a common fungal skin infection caused by Malassezia species. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of PV is influenced by geographic factors. The aim of the current study was to find the epidemiological characteristics of PV and distribution of Malassezia species in the secondary school students living in Hai Phong city, Vietnam.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 1357 students within the age range of 10 - 16 years selected from four secondary schools in Hai Phong city. The students were screened for PV skin lesions from August 2016 to December 2017. The isolates of Malassezia from PV patients were analyzed by performing direct microscopy and culturing on modified Dixon agar plates, containing gentamicin, at 32oC for 7 days. In the next stage, the fungal strains obtained from patients with positive fungal cultures were identified using the CHROMagarTM Malassezia medium, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques, and D1/D2 rDNA genome sequencing.
Results: Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in 305 (22.48%) students and confirmed by clinical appearance and direct examination. A total of 293 (96.07%) samples grew on modified Dixon agar. With regard to demographic characteristics, 50.49% of the PV cases were female, and 57.38% of cases resided in urban areas. Furthermore, 88.52% of the subjects had the illness duration of more than 6 months. Hypopigmented and erythematous skin lesions were also observed in the research participants, with hypopigmentation being the most frequent condition (97.05%). Most of the Malassezia fungal strains were isolated from the back (39.56%), face (23.99%), and chest (16.51%). Malassezia furfur and M. japonica accounted for PV in 96.25% and 3.75% of the cases, respectively. Furthermore, Malassezia furfur was distributed in both rural and urban areas, while M. japonica was found only in the urban areas.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study were indicative of the high prevalence of Malassezia yeasts, mostly M. furfur, among the students in Hai Phong city, Vietnam for print
Invasive fungal infections in a pediatric hematology-oncology department: A 16-year retrospective study
Authors: Kazakou Nikoleta , Vyzantiadis Timoleon-Achilleas , Gambeta Anastasia , Vasileiou Eleni , Tsotridou Eleni , Kotsos Dimitrios , Giantsidi Athina , Saranti Anna , Palabougiouki Maria , Ioannidou Maria , Hatzipantelis Emmanuil , Tragiannidis Athanasios
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence of IFIs in pediatric patients with underlying hematologic malignancies and determine the patient characteristics, predisposing factors, diagnosis, treatment efficacy, and outcome of IFIs.
Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, a retrospective analysis was performed on cases with proven and probable fungal infections from January 2001 to December 2016 (16 years).
Results: During this period, 297 children with hematologic malignancies were admitted to the 2nd Pediatric Department of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, and 24 cases of IFIs were registered. The most common underlying diseases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; n=19, 79%), followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n=4, 17%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; n=1, 4%). The crude incidence rates of IFIs in ALL, AML, and NHL were 10.5%, 18.2%, and 2.8% respectively. Based on the results, 25% (n=6) and 75% (n=18) of the patients were diagnosed as proven and probable IFI cases, respectively. The lung was the most common site of involvement in 16 (66.7%) cases. Furthermore, Aspergillus and Candida species represented 58.3% and 29.1% of the identified species, respectively. Regarding antifungal treatment, liposomal amphotericin B was the most commonly prescribed therapeutic agent (n=21), followed by voriconazole (n=9), caspofungin (n=3), posaconazole (n=3), micafungin (n=1), and fluconazole (n=1). In addition, 12 children received combined antifungal treatment. The crude mortality rate was obtained as 33.3%. 
Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, despite the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of IFIs with the use of new antifungal agents, the mortality rate of these infections still remains high.
Comparing the Efficacy of Defusion, Self-as-Context, and Distraction Strategies for Getting Rid of Possessions
Authors: Ong Clarissa W. , Terry Carina L. , Twohig Michael P.
Published: August 2020

Interventions for hoarding disorder need to target difficulty letting go of items to reduce clutter and improve functioning. The present studies were designed to test the efficacy of brief cognitive interventions for letting go of possessions and self-report outcomes. Participants (N = 67 in Study 1; N = 110 in Study 2) received training on defusion or distraction in Study 1 and defusion, self-as-context, or distraction in Study 2 and completed measures at pre- and postintervention. Study 1 found no differences between defusion and distraction on saving, self-rated discomfort with discarding, or perceived importance of the target belonging. In Study 2, participants provided most favorable feedback for self-as-context compared to defusion and distraction, indicating promise of this strategy. Nonetheless, findings from both studies overall provide minimal support for use of present procedures to reduce saving. Limitations include use of nonclinical samples and single-item variables to obtain participant feedback.
Stem cells and periodontal regeneration: present and future
Authors: Citterio Filippo , Gualini Giacomo , Fierravanti Ludovica , Aimetti Mario
Published: August 2020

The ultimate goal of periodontal regeneration is to restore the damaged alveolar bone proper, root cementum, and periodontal ligament with collagen fibers inserted into the root surface. The search for new regenerative strategies is a challenging field of periodontal research, and tissue engineering, using stem cells, has recently been shown as a promising approach. This paper aims at reviewing the current available literature on the use of stem cells for the treatment of periodontitis. Up to now, different mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential for periodontal regeneration in animal studies. The most investigated MSCs for periodontal regeneration are bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which have shown very promising results in animal models. Few studies on humans are available but BMMSCs, PDLSCs, and DPSCs have been proven safe and effective. Clinical trials are sparse, but tend to support the efficacy of MSCs for periodontal regeneration. In the future, more human studies will be required to support the use of MSCs in daily clinical practice, especially in order to identify the best protocol to harvest, process, and graft MSCs. Future perspectives include trans-differentiation of somatic cells to generate induced pluripotent stem cells, homing procedures, the use of exogenous stem cells, and 3D-printed scaffolds.
Metoidioplasty as a one-stage phallic reconstruction in transmen
Authors: Bizic Marta , Stojanovic Borko , Bencic Marko , Bordas Noemi , Djordjevic Miroslav
Published: August 2020

Gender dysphoria is a condition where there is a discrepancy between the gender assigned at birth and the desired gender, leading the patient to pursue surgical intervention. Reconstruction of the neophallus for transmen is still challenging, even though there are many surgical techniques with satisfying results. The aim of neophallic reconstruction in gender affirmation surgery (GAS) for transmen is to provide stand-up voiding, erotic sensation, orgasm and penetration ability, and acceptable donor site morbidity with minimal scarring and complications. Metoidioplasty as a variant of phalloplasty for transmen is a one-stage procedure that results in male-like external genitals, with minimal scarring, ability of standing micturition, and full erogenous sensation with the ability to achieve orgasm during sexual intercourse. Metoidioplasty is a method of choice for those transmen who wish to have GAS in one procedure without multi-staged procedures to create the adult-male-sized neophallus.
Robotic esophagectomy: how I do it?
Authors: Khaitan Puja Gaur , Lazar John F. , Margolis Marc , Henderson Hayley R. , Watson Thomas J.
Published: August 2020

Compared to the open approach, minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) offers several advantages including smaller incisions with decreased pain, improved cosmesis, and earlier return of the patient to baseline function. Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) builds on standard MIE by offering three-dimensional visualization, better instrument articulation, tremor filtration, and superior ergonomics, all of which facilitate technical precision and surgeon comfort. An evolving literature demonstrates that when performed by experienced surgeons, RAMIE leads to improved perioperative outcomes with long-term oncologic equivalency to open approaches, and may offer advantages compared to traditional MIE. This review focuses on the key steps of performing 3-field McKeown, 2-field Ivor Lewis, and transhiatal robotic esophagectomies, data regarding the short- and long-term outcomes, and a brief overview of upcoming trials comparing RAMIE with MIE.
Percutaneous mitral valve repair in acute mitral regurgitation: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Cannata Francesco , Sanz-Sánchez Jorge , Chiarito Mauro , Briani Martina , Fazzari Fabio , Bertoldi Letizia F. , Ferrante Giuseppe , Corrada Elena , Bragato Renato M. , Stefanini Giulio G. , Pagnotta Paolo A. , Reimers Bernhard , Regazzoli Damiano
Published: August 2020

Acute mitral regurgitation is a heterogeneous and life-threatening pathology, with severe hemodynamic consequences and extremely adverse outcomes. Traditionally, the definitive treatment is prompt surgical intervention after hemodynamic stabilization. Nowadays, however, percutaneous repair of mitral valve with MitraClip device has emerged as a safe and effective therapeutic option. Evidences in this field are still scarce. Hereby, we report the case of an 82-year-old woman with lateral ST-elevation myocardial infarction determining severe acute mitral regurgitation (MR) with an asymmetric leaflet tethering mechanism. Due to prohibitive operative risk and unstable hemodynamic status, the patient underwent a successful urgent MitraClip procedure with optimal reduction of MR and immediate hemodynamic improvement. Moreover, we provide a review of the available literature regarding the echocardiographic assessment of acute MR, results of published cases and possible management of this complex pathology.
Robot-assisted spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy (RA-SPDP): a single center experience
Authors: Kauffmann Emanuele Federico , Napoli Niccolò , Menonna Francesca , Genovese Valerio , Cacace Concetta , Gianfaldoni Cesare , Vistoli Fabio , Amorese Gabriella , Boggi Ugo
Published: August 2020

Aim : To define the outcome of robot-assisted spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy (RA-SPDP) in a high-volume center.

Methods : A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database was performed to identify RA-SPDP performed at our Center between April 2008 to October 2017.

Results : During the study period, RA-SPDP was attempted in 54 patients. The spleen was preserved, always along with the splenic vessels (Kimura procedure), in 52 patients (96.3%). There were no conversions to open or laparoscopic surgery. Mean operative time was 260 min (231.3-360.0). Grade B post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) occurred in 19 patients (35.2%). There were no grade C POPF. Two patients required repeat surgery because of postoperative bleeding and splenic infarction, respectively. There were no post-operative deaths at 90 days. Excluding one patient with known diagnosis of metastasis from renal cell carcinoma, malignancy was eventually identified in 7 of 53 patients (13.2%).

Conclusion : In the hands of dedicated pancreatic surgeons, robotic assistance results in a high rate of spleen preservation with good clinical outcomes. Despite careful preoperative selection, several patients can be found to have a malignant tumor. Taken altogether these results suggest that patients requiring these procedures should be preferentially referred to specialized centers.
Successive Addition of Digits of an Integer Number: On Properties and Role in Studying Distribution of Primes
Authors: Khare Manish , Chitta Kalyanlakshmi
Published: August 2020

Successive-addition-of-digits-of-a-number(SADN) refers to the process of adding up the digits of an integer number until a single digit is obtained. Concept of SADN has been occasionally identified but seldom employed in extensive mathematical applications. This paper discusses SADN and its properties in terms of addition, subtraction and multiplication. Further, the paper applies the multiplication-property of SADN to understand the distribution of prime numbers. For this purpose the paper introduces three series of numbers -S1, S3 and S5 series- into which all odd numbers can be placed, depending on their SADN and the rationale of such classification. Extending the analysis the paper explains how composite numbers of the S1 and S5 series can be derived. Based on this discussion it concludes that even as the concept of SADN is rather simple in its formulation and appears as an obvious truism but a profound analysis of the properties of SADN in terms of fundamental mathematical functions reveals that SADN holds a noteworthy position in number theory and may have significant implications for unfolding complex mathematical questions like understanding the distribution of prime numbers and Goldbach-problem.
Two SARS-CoV-2 IgG Immunoassays Comparison and Time-Course Profile of Antibodies Response
Authors: Dittadi Ruggero , Afshar Haleh , Carraro Paolo
Published: August 2020

The role of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is not yet well known, in particular about the persistence of circulating antibodies. The aim of the study is to compare the results of two automated systems for the determination of IgG antibodies against SARS CoV-2 and to assess the time course of the IgG response after the onset of symptoms for a period longer than that evaluated to date. IgG were measured in 98 specimens of 55 subjects with COVID-19 (time from the onset of symptoms from 3 to 109 days) using the automated tests "Abbott SARS-COV-2 IgG" and the "MAGLUMI 2019-nCoV IgG". The two methods had a concordance of 91.8%, but the quantitative correlation showed very dispersed results. All the specimens resulted positive after 17 days from the onset of the synptoms. However, the median concentrations of IgG, after a rapid increase up to about 20 days, quickly decrease to about 15% of the maximum for Maglumi. The same samples measured by Architect showed a quite constant trend up to 80 day, and then an only moderate decline. The titer of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in patients exposed to COVID-19 may significantly and rapidly decrease, with a different time-course depending on the method used for the determination.
Government Initiatives for Green Development in Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Anowar Hossain , Hassan Shafiqul , Darda Md. Abud , Habib Md. Wahidul , Hossain Md. Belal
Published: August 2020

Green development ensures the socioeconomic development that incorporates environmental issues while remaining economically viable for owners and tenants. Government as the authority of the state should provide favorable incentives, policy and regulatory pressure for green development. The present study aims to investigate the government policies and regulations for green development in Bangladesh and make a critical discussion of the initiatives. The study is descriptive in nature and collects secondary information. Evidence suggests that environmental degradation and climate change related risks and vulnerabilities have intensified in Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh (GOB) is concerned about green development and formulates various Acts, regulations and policy initiatives since 2010. Major green development initiatives observed in the financial institutions due to the mandatory requirements by Bangladesh Bank but green bond and green insurance in capital market are yet to be developed. The GOB required taking proper policy initiatives for the garments and leather industries to ensure pollution free production system which ensures green trade initiatives. The environmental taxes and ecological compensation mechanisms should be revised. Urban green space and Government green procurement are still less concerning matter. The GOB should make effective collaboration with all related stakeholders to ensure the green development.
Dining on DOM: Stimulus for the Origin of Metazoan Life?
Authors: Pawlik Joseph , McMurray Steven , Mead Ralph , Strangman Wendy , Gaitan Daza Laura
Published: August 2020

The most widely accepted scientific theory for the origin of life on Earth is that prokaryotic microbes evolved from simple organic compounds in seawater under anoxic conditions. For about 1 billion years thereafter, these microbes consumed the same dissolved organic matter (DOM) from which they had evolved before scarcity of DOM forced the evolution of cyanobacterial photosynthesis followed by eukaryosis. Could the more efficient consumption of DOM have also stimulated the subsequent origin of multicellular animal life? In this report, we synthesize past and recent evidence to propose the “DOM uptake hypothesis” for the origin of metazoans. A choanoflagellate-like protozoan was the likely ancestor of the first sponge-like metazoan to evolve on Earth. Choanoflagellates have outwardly facing flagellae that are subject to viscous water movement, while sponges have choanocytes in chambers with flagellae directed to pump water with greater fluidity across an aquiferous system with a huge cellular surface area. While generally considered particle feeders, both choanoflagellates and sponges absorb DOM, with some sponges relying on DOM for as much as 90% of their diet. We propose that the earliest metazoans may have evolved to survive the dire nutritional conditions of the Cryogenian “snow-ball Earth” period (~700 million years ago) by developing a body plan with the enhanced ability to absorb low concentrations of DOM in seawater from sources such as the viral lysis of microbes, exudates of benthic stromatolites, or refractory DOM compounds. Additionally, species of extant sponges that have a high abundance of microbes living in their bodies consume the greatest amounts of DOM, suggesting that the DOM uptake hypothesis may also be dependent on microbial symbiosis.
Second Harmonic Generation From Phase-Engineered Metasurfaces of Nanoprisms
Authors: Mochizuki Kannta , Sugiura Mako , Yogo Hirofumi , Lundgaard Stefan , Hu Jingwen , Ng Soon Hock , Nishijima Yoshiaki , Juodkazis Saulius , Sugita Atsushi
Published: August 2020

Metasurfaces of gold (Au) nanoparticles on a SiO2-Si substrate were fabricated for the enhancement of second harmonic generation (SHG) using electron beam lithography and lift-off. Triangular Au nanoprisms which are non-centro-symmetric and support the second- order non-linearity were examined for SHG. The thickness of the SiO2 spacer is shown to be an efficient parameter to spectrally tune to maximise SHG. Electrical field enhancement at the fundamental wavelength was shown to define the intensity of the second harmonics. Numerical modeling of light enhancement was verified by experimental measurements of SHG and reflectivity spectra at the normal incidence. At the plasmonic resonance, SHG is enhanced up to ∼3.5×103 times for the optimised conditions.
Evaluation of the Four-dimensional Ensemble-Variational Hybrid Data Assimilation with Self-consistent Regional Background Error Covariance for Improved Hurricane Intensity Forecasts
Authors: Zhang Shixuan , Pu Zhaoxia
Published: August 2020

The feasibility of a hurricane initialization framework based on the GSI-4DEnVar data assimilation system for the HWRF model is evaluated in this study. The system considers the temporal evolution of error covariances via the use of four-dimensional ensemble perturbations that are provided by high-resolution, self-consistent HWRF ensemble forecasts. It is different from the configuration of the GSI-3DEnVar data assimilation system, similar to that used in the operational HWRF, which employs background error covariances provided by coarser-resolution global ensembles from the NCEP GFS ensemble Kalman filtering data assimilation system. Data assimilation and numerical simulation experiments for Hurricanes Joaquin (2015), Patricia (2015), and Matthew (2016) are conducted during their intensity changes. The impacts of two initialization frameworks on the HWRF analyses and forecasts are compared. It is found that GSI-4DEnVar leads to a reduction in track, MSLP, and MSW forecast errors in all of the HWRF simulations, compared with the GSI-3DEnVar initialization framework. Further diagnoses with Hurricane Joaquin indicate that GSI-4DEnVar can significantly alleviate the imbalances in the initial conditions and enhance the performance of the data assimilation and subsequent hurricane intensity and precipitation forecasts.
Virion Structure and Mechanism of Propagation of Coronaviruses including SARS-CoV 2 (COVID -19 ) and some Meaningful Points for Drug or Vaccine Development
Authors: Ghosh Swapan
Published: August 2020

SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, a new seventh human corona virus, has out-broken in Wuhan, China since 31st December 2019, and quickly escalated to take the form of pandemic which killed many human beings throughout almost all countries across continents. The rapidity of its transmission from human to human is far greater than all previous human corona viruses which came into existence like SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, etc. The nucleotide sequence of SARS-CoV-2 (isolates Wuhan-Hu-1) is 29,875 bp in ss-RNA. Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia include from asymptomatic to high fever and/or respiratory illnesses. Coronavirus virion (spherical/round /elliptical in shape) consists of three parts- outer membrane or envelope, nucleocapsid and genome (RNA). SARS-CoV-2 was shown to use receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for attachment to the cells through its surface spike (S) protein (S1), and the virion enters into the host cell through two routes- direct membrane fusion and endocytotic pathway. The RNA of SARS-CoV acts directly as mRNA and here minus(-) 1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (-1PRF) is being operated by slippery sequence and pseudoknot, so it translates 16 nonstructural proteins including RNA dependent RNA replicase. Then genomic RNA replicated continuously on – strand RNA template and subgenomic RNA transcribed discontinuously on –RNA template to sgmRNA. Subgenomic RNAs/sgmRNAs synthesize all structural proteins. This article takes into consideration the details of established theories of viral structure, viral attachment, mode of entry into human cells, different models of replication and transcription of virus genome proposed by eminent scientists over the years, and makes an in depth examination highlighting meaningful points or important target cites of viral propagation or synthesis, which are conserved, for prompt development of potent drugs or vaccine to counter COVID-19 for which human race is anxiously and eagerly waiting.
The Early Silurian Gabbro in the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt, Northeast Tibet: Constraints on the Proto-Tethyan Ocean Closure
Authors: Zhou Wenxiao , Li Haiquan , Chang Feng , Lv Xinbiao
Published: August 2020

The Early Paleozoic is a crucial period in the formation and evolution of the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt (EKOB), which is of great significance for understanding the evolutionary history of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean. This paper presents new petrography, geochemistry, zircon U–Pb dating, and Lu–Hf isotopic research on the Yuejingshan gabbro from the eastern segment of the EKOB. Zircons U-Pb data suggests the gabbro formed in the Early Silurian (435 ± 2 Ma). All samples have relatively low TiO2 contents (0.45-2.97%), widely varying MgO (6.58-8.41%) and Mg# (58-65) contents, rich in large ion lithophile elements (LILE such as Rb, Ba, Th, and U) and light rare earth elements (LREE),which indicate it has a similar geochemical composition than island arc basalt. The major elements features indicate that the formation of this gabbro underwent fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene, olivine, and plagioclase. The depletion of high field strength elements (HFSE such as Nb, Ta, and Ti), and feature a slightly enriched Hf isotope composition (with εHf (t) ranging from 1.13 to 2.45) may be related to the partial melting of spinel-bearing peridotite, led by the slab fluid metasomatism. The significantly earlier than the metamorphic age (428 Ma) of the collision-related eclogite facies and the peak metamorphic age (427 Ma) of medium pressure (epidotization) amphibolite facies in the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt indicates that its formation is still closely related to the subduction of the Eastern Kunlun oceanic crust. The gabbro likely represents magmatic records of the latest period of the Early Paleozoic oceanic crust subduction in the Eastern Kunlun. Therefore, the final closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean and the beginning of collisional orogeny, occurred before the Early Silurian.
Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing 1 (TAP1) as a Potential Biomarker for Breast, Lung, Liver and Ovarian Cancer using Health Informatics
Authors: Tabassum Anika , Samdani Md. Nazmus , Dhali Tarak Chandra , Alam Rahat , Ahammad Foysal , Samad Abdus , Karpiński Tomasz M.
Published: August 2020

Transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1) gene codes for a transporter protein, which is responsible for tumor antigen presentation in the MHC I or HLA complex. A defect in the gene results in an inadequate tumor tracking. TAP1 may also influence multi drug resistance, which is an extreme threat in providing treatment by drugs which are chemotherapeutic. The gene of TAP1 was analyzed bioinformatically. It gave us prognostic data as a confirmation of whether it should be used as a biomarker. The expression level and pattern analysis were conducted using ONCOMINE, GENT2 and GEPIA2 online platforms. Samples with different clinical outcomes were investigated for expression and promoter methylation analysis was done in cancer vs normal tissues using UALCAN. The copy number alteration and mutation frequency and expression in different cancer studies were analyzed using cBioPortal. The PrognoScan and KM plotter survival analysis of significant data (p-value<0.05) was representing graphically. Pathway and Gene ontology analysis of gene correlated to TAP1 gene was presented using bar charts. After arranging the data in a single panel and correlating expression to prognosis, understanding mutational and alterations and comparing pathways, TAP1 may be a potential novel target to evade a threat against chemotherapy and the study gives new aspects to consider for immunotherapy in human breast, lung, liver and ovarian cancer.
Study of Contact Pressures in Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Czerniec Myron , Zubrzycki Jarosław
Published: August 2020

Total hip arthroplasty is a complex procedure. The achievements of implantology enabled the development of a faithful representation of hip joint physiology as well as the production of materials that can successfully replace damaged natural tissues. A very important issue is the correct selection of the geometry of the endoprosthesis adequate to the load of the joint. Materials used for endoprosthesis are a metal head and a polymer cup (e.g. PE-UHMW). The main interactions in the endoprosthesis are friction and surface pressure, which must be limited, exceeding them causes the destruction of the biomechanical system - plastic deformation of the polymer and the formation of too large and unacceptable radial clearances. Based on the author's developed calculation method of hip joint endoprosthesis contact parameters, the impact on maximum contact pressure and the angle of contact of the joint load was estimated depending on the diameter of the endoprosthesis and radial clearance. The correctness of changing the values of maximum contact pressure from the mentioned parameters was determined. Correspondingly: an increase in joint load causes a linear increase in the maximum contact pressure; increasing the diameter of the endoprosthesis head - their non-linear decrease, and increasing radial clearance - their increase
Capturing the Impact of 2018 European Drought and Heat Using OCO-2 Solar-Induced Fluorescence
Authors: Shekhar Ankit , Chen Jia , Bhattacharjee Shrutilipi , Buras Allan , Castro Antony Oswaldo , Zang Christian S. , Rammig Anja
Published: August 2020

The European heatwave of 2018 led to record-breaking temperatures and extremely dry conditions in many parts of the continent resulting in widespread decrease in agricultural yield, early tree-leaf senescence, and increase in forest fires in Northern Europe. Our study aims to capture the impact of the 2018 European heatwave on terrestrial ecosystem through the lens of a high-resolution solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) data acquired from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO-2) satellite. SIF is proposed to be a direct proxy for gross primary productivity (GPP) and thus can be used to draw inferences about changes in photosynthetic activity in vegetation due to extreme events. We explore spatial and temporal SIF variation and anomaly during spring and summer months across different vegetation types (agriculture, broadleaved forest, coniferous forest, and mixed forest) during the European heatwave of 2018 and compare it to non-drought conditions (most of Southern Europe). About one-third of Europe’s land area experienced a consecutive spring and summer drought in 2018. Comparing 2018 to mean (2015-2017) conditions, we found a change in intra-spring season SIF dynamics for all vegetation types, with lower SIF during the start of spring followed by an increase in fluorescence from mid-April. Summer, however, showed a significant decrease in SIF. Our results show that particularly agricultural areas were severely affected by the hotter drought of 2018. Furthermore, the intense heat wave in Central Europe showed about 31% decrease in SIF values during July and August as compared to the mean over three previous years. Furthermore, our MODIS and OCO-2 comparative results indicate that especially for forests, OCO-2 SIF has a quicker response and possible higher sensitivity to drought in comparison to MODIS’s fPAR and NDVI when considering shorter reference periods, which highlights the added value of remotely sensed solar-induced fluorescence for studying the impact of drought on vegetation.
A Method for Identification of Face of the Person and Presence of Facial Spot in the Face
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir , Bose Payel
Published: August 2020

Human Face and facial parts are the most significant parts as it reveals a person’s true identity. It plays an important role in various biometric applications like crowd analysis, human tracking, photography, cosmetic surgery, etc. There are many techniques are available to detect a facial image. Among them, skin detection is the most popular one. The aim of this paper is to detect first the person's identity from facial image and finally check any spot present the the detected person. The first step is to detect the maximum skin region based on a combination method of RGB and HSV color space model. Next it is to verify the skin areas of human through machine learning approach. The Aggregated Channel Features (ACF) detector is used to identify the different facial parts like eye pairs, nose, and mouth. Bootstrap aggregation decision tree classifier is applied to classify the person’s identity based on Histogram Oriented Gradient (HOG) features value. The experimental results show that the proposed method gives the average 97% accuracy.
Determination of Construction Parameters of Porous Ultra-Thin Overlays Based on Laboratory Compaction Studies
Authors: Tian Jiahao , Luo Sang , Liu Ziming , Yang Xu , Lu Qing
Published: August 2020

To address the severe distresses of asphalt pavement, a new type of pavement maintenance treatment, porous ultra-thin overlay (PUTO) with small particle size was proposed. The PUTO has a thickness of 1.5~2.5 cm and a large void ratio of 18~25%. As a newly asphalt mixture, the structure characteristics differ from traditional pavement. Therefore, it is necessary to investigated the fabrication schemes in laboratory and on-site, respectively. In this study, the optimal fabrication schemes, including compaction temperature and number of blows of PUTO were determined based on Cantabro test and volumetric parameters. Then, the corresponding relationship between laboratory and on-site compaction work was then established based on the energy equivalent principle. On this basis, the numbers of on-site rolling passes and the combination method were calculated. The results show that increased compaction temperature and number of blows reduce the height and enhance the compactness of the Marshall sample. With the same temperature and number of blows, the scattering resistance of coarse gradation (PAC-1) is better than that of fine gradation (PAC-2), and the increased asphalt viscosity significantly improves the scattering resistance of the asphalt mixture. To ensure the scattering resistance and volumetric characteristic, the initial compaction temperature of the PAC-1 and PAC-2 should not be lower than 150 °C and 165 °C, respectively. Then, the laboratory compaction work and on-site compaction work were calculated and converted based on the principle of energy equivalence. Consequently, the on-site compaction combination of rolling machines for four asphalt mixtures was determined. According to the volumetric parameters, the paving test section proved that the construction temperature and the on-site rolling combination determined by laboratory tests are reasonable, and ultra-thin overlay has good structural stability, drainage and skid resistance.
Thermal Sensation in Older People, with and without Dementia, Living in Residential Care: New Assessment Approaches Using Infrared Thermography
Authors: Childs Charmaine , Elliott Jennifer , Khatab Khaled , Hampshaw Susan , Fowler-Davis Sally , Willmott Jon R. , Ali Ali
Published: August 2020

The temperature of the indoor environment is important for health and wellbeing especially at the extremes of age. The study aim was to undertsand the relationship between self-reported thermal sensation and extremity skin temperature in care home residents with and without dementia. The Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) was used to discriminate residents to two categories, those with and those without dementia. After acclimatisation, measurements included: tympanic membrane temperature, thermal sensation rating followed by infrared thermal mapping of non-dominant hand and forearm. Sixty-nine afebrile adults (60-101 years of age) were studied in groups of two to five, in mean ambient temperatures of 21.4oC-26.6oC (median 23.6oC). Significant differences were observed between groups; thermal sensation rating (p=0.02), tympanic temperature (p=0.01), fingertip skin temperature (p=0.01) and temperature gradients; fingertip-wrist p=0.001 and fingertip-distal forearm, p=0.001.
Reconstructed f(R) Gravity and Its Csmological Consequences in Chameleon Scalar Field with A Scale Factor Describing The Pre-Bounce Ekpyrotic Contraction
Authors: Karmakar Soumyodipta , Myrzakulov Kairat , Chattopadhyay Surajit , Myrzakulov Ratbay
Published: August 2020

Inspired by the work of S. D. Odintsov and V. K. Oikonomou, Phys. Rev. D 92, 024016 (2015) [1], the present study reports a reconstruction scheme for f (R) gravity with the scale factor a(t) µ (t * - t) c22describing the pre-bounce ekpyrotic contraction, where t is the big crunch time. The reconstructed f (R) is used to derive expressions for density and pressure contributions and the equation of state parameter resulting from this reconstruction is found to behave like "quintom". It has also been observed that the reconstructed f (R) has satisfied a sufficient condition for a realistic model. In the subsequent phase the reconstructed f (R) is applied to the model of chameleon scalar field and the scalar field f and the potential V(f) are tested for quasi-exponential ex pansion. It has been observed that although the reconstructed f (R) satisfies one of the sufficient conditions for realistic model, the quasi-exponential expansion is not available due to this reconstruction. Finally, the consequences pre-bounce ekpyrotic inflation i n f (R) gravity are compared to the background solution for f (R) matter bounce.
Screening of Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum with Potential Probiotic Activities for Inhibiting ETEC K88
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Ma Hao , Yu Haojie , Qin Guangyong , Tan Zhongfang , Wang Yanping , Pang Huili
Published: August 2020

For screening excellent lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to inhibit Escherichia (E.) coli (ETEC) K88, inhibitory activities of more than 1100 LAB strains isolated from different materials and kept in the lab were evaluated in this study. Nine strains with inhibition zone at least 22.00 mm (including that of hole puncher 10.00 mm) and good physiological and biochemical characteristics identified by 16S DNA gene sequencing and recA gene multiple detection, were assigned to Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum subsp. plantarum (5), L. fermentum (1), L. reuteri (1), W. cibaria (1) and E. faecalis (1), respectively. As investigated for their tolerance abilities and safety, only strain ZA3 possessed high hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation abilities, had high survival rate in low pH, bile salt environment and GI fluids, sensitive to ampicillin, resistant to norfloxacin and amikacin, without hemolytic activity and didn’t carry antibiotic resistance genes, exhibited broad spectrum activity against a wide range of microorganisms, and antibacterial substance may attribute to organic acids, especially lactic acid and acetic acid. The results indicated that the selected strain L. plantarum subsp. plantarum ZA3 could be considered a potential probiotic to inhibit ETEC K88 for further research.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Komputer Terhadap Kemampuan Penggunaan Dhamir Bahasa Arab
Authors: Hamzah Andi Abdul , Agussalim Andi , Baso Yusring Sanusi
Published: August 2020

Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis komputer terhadap kemampuan penggunaan dhamir bahasa Arab siswa sekolah dasar.Dalam menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan metode statistik inferensial untuk melihat apakah media pembelajaran berbasis komputer mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan penggunaan dhamir pada siswa.Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, ternyata media pembelajaran berbasis komputer mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penggunaan dhamir bahasa Arab.
Pemilihan Umum Dewan Kota Arab Saudi 2005
Authors: Ahmad Fadlan
Published: August 2020

Tahun 1992, Raja Fahd bin Abdul Aziz melakukan reformasi di pemerintahan monarki yang mengarah pada demokratisasi, dengan menerbitkan dekrit No.1 yang tercantum empat agenda. Salah satu pointnya yaitu pembentukan Majelis al-Syura propinsi (dewan kota). ini dilakukan dengan melibatkan partisipasi warga saudi pada pemilihan umum untuk memilih dan dipilih menjadi anggota dewan kota. Tesis ini menjelaskan sistem pemilu Arab Saudi dan implikasi partisipasi warga saudi pada pemilu 2005 terhadap perkembangan demokrasi disana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Untuk menganalisis sistem dan partisipasi politik di saudi, digunakan konsep demokrasi, sistem pemilihan umum, dan partisipasi politik.Pemilu dewan kota menggunakan sistem First Past the Post pada Single-Member District. Bentuk partisipasi melalui kampanye yang menarik perhatian masyarakat dengan berbagai taktik dan programnya dan pemberian suara cenderung apatis, hanya mencapai 17% dari keseluruhan warga saudi. Penerapan Sistem pemilu dan partisipasi masyarakat berimplikasi bagi perkembangan demokrasi di Arab Saudi. Dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian ini yang mana masyarakat semakin aktif diranah publik dan hubungan antara masyarakat dan pejabat pemerintah semakin membaik. Kebijakan yang dahulu terfokus pada persoalan luar negeri, dialihkan pada urusan dalam negeri. Kebebasan berekspresi dan keteraturan dalam proses penyelenggaraan pemilu, menjadi sinyal positif bagi keberlangsungan pemilu kedepan.
Pembentukan Identitas Ideologi Prestise Media Sosial blackberry Messenger (BBM) pada Smartphone
Authors: Haeriyyah Haeriyyah
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi ideologi prestise dengan teori mitologi Barthes dari sebuah aplikasi BBM di smarphone. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan metode kualitatif.Hasli penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat distorsi dan penyelewengan teks yang mengakibatkan “kesadaran palsu”. Smartphone yang gaul, berprestise dan  mahal adalah smartphone yang dilengkapi dengan aplikasi Sosial media BBM. “Kesadaran palsu” ini membuat orang berpikir bahwa yang tidak menggunakannya berarti tidak gaul dan bisa saja berpotensi mengurangi kepercayaan dirinya. Sehingga mereka harus berusaha dengan berbagai cara agar smartphone yang dia gunakan harus memiliki aplikasi media Sosial BBM, walaupun terkadang dia hidup pas-pasan. Identitas smartphone gaul yang ditampilkan oleh model-model dalam iklan bukanlah realitas yang sebenarnya. Semua yang ada telah direkayasa untuk mempersuasi orang.
Semiotika Komputasional Aplikasi Mesin Penerjemahan
Authors: Agussalim Andi , Haeriyyah Haeriyyah
Published: August 2020

Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana konsep penerapan teori semiotika Pierce dalam perancangan mesin penerjemahan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kepustakaan dengan metode kualitatif.Hasli penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam aplikasi mesin penerjemahan tidak semua mengambil kelas tanda pada setiap trikotomi yang terdapat dalam teori semiotika Pierce. Kelas tanda yang tersebut adalah trikotomi pertama masuk pada kelas tanda legisign. Pada trikotomi kedua masuk pada kelas tanda symbol, selanjutnya pada trikotomi ke tiga masuk pada kelas tanda rheme dan dicent.
حقيقة علم البديع في ضوء دراسة تاريخية
Authors: Syahran Muhammad
Published: August 2020

يهدف هذا البحث إلى معرفة حقيقة علم البديع ونشأته وتطوره, مستخدما منهج التحليل الوصفي والمقارنة التاريخية للوصول إلى أصح البيانات وأشملها. فكانت نتيجة البحث تدل على أن حقيقة علم البديع عند علماء اللغة وأئمة البلاغة تنقسم إلى ثلاثة مذاهب: 1) مذهب رأى أن علم البديع هو علم البلاغة بشكل عام, 2) ومذهب رأى أن علم البديع هو فن أو علم خاص في تحسين الكلام لفظا دون معنى, 3) ومذهب رأى أن علم البديع هو فن أو علم خاص في تحسين الكلام معنى ولفظا. وكذلك دلت نتيجة البحث على أن نشأة وتطور علم البديع يمكن إجمالها في هذه النقاط: 1) كانت النشأة الأولى لعلم البديع من حيث التطبيق موجودة في كلام العرب المتقدمين, وفي القرآن الكريم, والحديث الشريف, وآثار الصحابة, 2) وكانت النشأة الأولى لعلم البديع من حيث التسمية معروفة عند الْمُحدَثين العرب كأبي نواس الحسن بن هانئ. 3) وكانت النشأة الأولى لعلم البديع من حيث النظرية مشهورة لدى الخليفة عبد الله بن المعتز العباسي, 4) وكان تطور علم البديع من حيث تكامل عناصره على أيدي كل من قدامة بن جعفر, وأبي هلال العسكري وابن رشيق القيرواني, 5) وكان تطور علم البديع من حيث تطبيقه الحي في القرآن أجمع, من فضل الزمخشري, 6) وكان تطور علم البديع من حيث تقسيمه إلى المحسنات المعنوية والمحسنات اللفظية من فضل السكاكي, 7) وكان تطور علم البديع من حيث تطبيقه إلى البديعيات من فضل الإمام البوصري, 8) وكان علم البديع في العصر الحالي يقتصر على التهذيب والدراسات, وأما التطوير فلا.