bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Misticismo y poesía. Elementos retóricos que conforman la estética mística
Authors: Hernández Villalba Afhit
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo revisa las últimas investigaciones sobre la poesía mística. Fundamenta sobre el carácter ontológico que define a la mística como tal y sus relaciones con la literatura y la filosofía, pues parte de la tesis que la define como búsqueda de la unidad del yo con la divinidad (matrimonio), a la vez que ejemplifica este aspecto y redunda sobre las características que lo conforman.Por otro lado, precisa, a partir de los estudios retóricos y estéticos de Helmut Hatzfeld, Dámaso Alonso y Emilio Orozco, los recursos retóricos que conforman a la poesía mística, siendo estos cuatro: El amor nupcial a lo divino (modelo que parte del Cantar de los cantares y que constituye el motivo principal y definitorio de la poesía mística), los símbolos (entre los que destacan la noche, el fuego y el matrimonio, y que se determinan por la tradición en la que el místico se encuentre inmerso), la paradoja (que surge de la imposibilidad de comunicación específica del fenómeno místico, y que se manifiesta recurrentemente como elemento retórico en la poesía) y la evocación paradójica (es decir, el uso reiterado de los sustantivos sobre los verbos, con preferencia de la elipsis, la enumeración y la adjetivación mesurada). Concluye que los elementos citados no son condición sine qua non siempre que se parta de la premisa que postula que el motivo (la búsqueda de la unión mística) es el elemento crucial que determinará la forma y el retoricismo en la poesía propia del misticismo.
Administrative Acts of the European Union
Authors: Jaśkowski Marek
Published: October 2018

In light of the transfer of the non-negligible extent of administrative competences from member states to the EU it is important not to deprive the interested individuals of legal guarantees, originally enjoyed by them under the national law of administrative procedure. Therefore, formal qualification of an act at the EU level should not result in diminishing individual procedural protection. With this assumption in mind the present contribution is intended to construe a notion of an administrative act of the European Union on the basis of national law conceptions of administrative acts. Subsequently, the article presents an analysis of various categories of EU acts in light of a uniform notion of the individual administrative act as an attempt to standardize the structures, procedures and methodologies employed in different domains of EU competence.
Grażyna Baranowska, Wymuszone zaginięcia w Europie. Kształtowanie się międzynarodowych standardów zapobiegania i egzekwowania odpowiedzialności państwa (Enforced Disappearences in Europe. The Shaping of International Standards of Preventing and Enforcing State Responsibility) / Przemysław Domagała, Międzynarodowa konwencja ONZ w sprawie ochrony wszelkich osób przed wymuszonym zaginięciem. Perspektywa polska. (International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. A Polish Perspective)
Authors: Balcerzak Michał
Published: October 2018

Review of- Grażyna Baranowska, Wymuszone zaginięcia w Europie. Kształtowanie się międzynarodowych standardów zapobiegania i egzekwowania odpowiedzialności państwa (Enforced Disappearences in Europe. The Shaping of International Standards of Preventing and Enforcing State Responsibility), Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2017, 267 pp., ISBN 978-83-255-9340-7- Przemysław Domagała, Międzynarodowa konwencja ONZ w sprawie ochrony wszelkich osób przed wymuszonym zaginięciem. Perspektywa polska. (International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. A Polish Perspective), Wydawanictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2017, 487 pp., ISBN 978-83-255-9659-0
Behçet ve Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi Hastaliği Olan Çiftlerde Evlilik Doyumu
Authors: PAK Merve Deniz , DUYAN Veli
Published: September 2018

Evlilik doyumu, bireyin evlilik ilişkisindeki gereksinimlerini, taleplerini karşılama derecesine yönelik algısıdır. Evlilik ilişkisinde yaşanan krizler doyumu etkilemektedir. Kriz yaratabilen faktörlerden biri de hastalıklardır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, Behçet ile Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi hastası olan çiftlerin evlilik doyumunun irdelenmesidir. Yöntem: Araştırma, tarama modelinde kesitsel bir saha çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Behçet ve Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi hastalığı tanısı alan 68 çift oluşturmuştur. Veri toplamak amacıyla soru kâğıdı ile Golombok-Rust Evlilik Durumu Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Soru kâğıdının birinci bölümünde, sosyo-demografik özelliklere ve hastalığa dair bilgiler sorulmuştur. İkinci bölümdeyse, hastalık sonrasında aile ilişkileri ve sosyal çevreyle ilişkilerin değişimini belirlemek için üçlü Likert tipinde yanıtlanabilecek 13 soru bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada veriler, 1 Şubat 2017- 1 Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında elde edilmiş ve SPSS programında analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre, katılımcıların tümü resmi nikâhla evli olup, %69,1’inin isteyerek evlendiği ve %89,7’sinin çocuğunun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %33,1’i Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi Hastalığı, %16,9’u Behçet Hastasıdır. %13,2’si hastalık sonrası aile üyeleriyle önemli konuları paylaşmanın azaldığını, %12,5’i aile üyelerine küçük düşürücü söz söyleme davranışlarının arttığını, %17,6’sı aile üyelerinin birbirlerine desteğinin azaldığını, %18,4’ü aile üyeleri arasında kırgınlığın arttığını ve %59,6’sı cinsel ilişki sıklığının azaldığını ifade etmiştir. Ölçek puanlamasında, katılımcıların %4,4’ü tanımsız, % 14’ü çok iyi ve %11’i iyi, %6,6’sı vasat üstü, %20,6’sı vasat ve %8,1’i zayıf puan aralığında yer almıştır. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, Behçet ve Ailevi Akdeniz Ateşi hastalığı evlilik doyumu üzerinde etki yaratmaktadır ve bu hastalığı olan çiftlere aile danışmanlığı, psikoeğitim ve cinsel danışmanlık hizmetlerinden faydalanmaları önerilebilir.
Üniversite öğrencilerinde nargile odaklı tütün ürünleri kullanımı ve ilk denenen tütün ürünü ile tütün ürünü kullanıcısına dönüşme arasındaki ilişki
Authors: SEZER Recep Erol , TANRIÖVER Özlem , Dirimen Arıkan Güliz , Kaçar Mehtap
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Yeditepe Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin, nargile odaklı olarak, tütün ürünlerini kullanma durumları ile bu konudakialgı ve tutumlarının tanımlanması amaçlanmış, ayrıca ilk denemeyi sigara veya nargileyle yapma ile kullanıcıya dönüşme arasındakiilişki incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Bu çalışma, isimsiz bir anket formunun Yeditepe Üniversitesi Tıp, Eczacılık, Diş ve Sağlık Bilimlerifakülteleri dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri tarafından doldurulmasına dayalı kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Bu fakültelerin 4. Sınıf öğrencilerinintümü (n=354) çalışmaya dahil edilmeye çalışılmış, cevaplama oranı %97,5 (n=345) olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Anket uygulaması, 2014-2015 Akademik Yılı Bahar Dönemi’nde yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Tütün ürünü halen kullanım oranı erkek öğrencilerde %53,5, kızöğrencilerde %29,7, son otuz günde en az bir kez herhangi bir tütün ürün kullanma oranı erkek ve kız öğrencilerde sırasıyla %58,6 ve%32,1 olarak bulunmuştur. Herhangi bir tütün ürününü yaşam boyu en az bir kez denemiş olma oranı erkeklerde %80,8, kızlarda %71,5(p=0,075) olarak saptanmıştır. İlk denemelerin yarısı sigara ile diğer yarısı nargile ile olmuştur. Kızlarda en çok denenen ürün nargiledir.İlk denenen ürünün sigara veya nargile olması ile kullanıcıya dönüşme arasında bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Hangi ürün ile ilk denemesiniyapmış olursa olsunlar bir kez denemiş olanların önemli bir bölümü (erkeklerde %74, kızlarda %45, p<0,001) kullanıcı olaraksaptanmıştır. Halen her gün kullanan 100 öğrencinin %100’ü, ara sıra kullanan 26 öğrencinin %73’ü sigara kullanıcısıdır. Halen tütünürünü kullanan kızların en azından %69’unda, erkeklerin %55,5’inde kullanıcıya dönüşme (başlama) üniversitedeyken gerçekleşmiştir.Öğrencilerin kafeye gitme sıklığı ile tütün ürünü kullanıcısı olmaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Nargile içmeyi çekici kılannedenler olarak en çok, “tadı, kokusu, aroması” ve “kafede sosyal atmosfer, arkadaşlarla birliktelik” ifade edilmiştir. Sonuç:Öğrencilerde tütün salgını endişe verici düzeyde olup, üniversite yılları, başlamada önemli bir dönem olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Nargile,ilk denemelere sigara kadar aracılık etmektedir. Bu ürünleri bir kez denemiş olanlar, ilk denemeyi hangi ürünle yapmış olurlarsa olsunlaraynı düzeyde kullanıcıya dönüşmekte ve sonunda sigara kullanıcısı olmaktadırlar.
Four Patients With Different Characteristics in Smoking and Cessation-Case Series
Authors: Ünal Mustafa , Öztürk Onur , Selçuk Mustafa Yasin , Yalçın Bektaş Murat
Published: September 2018

Smoking is one of the worst habits adversely affect health. Various reasons can play a part in starting smoking. Addictions

are difficult to combat for various reasons. In our manuscript,

four patients with different characteristics in smoking and cessation were presented.Sigara, sağlığa olumsuz etkide bulunan en kötü alışkanlıklardandır. Sigaraya başlama

nedenleri çok çeşitli olabilmektedir. Bağımlılıklarla çeşitli nedenlerle mücadele edilmesi

zordur. Makalemizde, sigarayı içme ve

bırakma konusunda farklı özellikte dört hasta sunulmuştur.
Küresel Tütün Kullanımı Salgını ve Kontrolü
Authors: Ergüder Toker
Published: September 2018

Tütün salgını, dünyanın şimdiye kadar karşılaştığı en büyük halk sağlığı tehditlerinden biridir ve yılda 7 milyondan fazla insanın ölümüne yol açmaktadır. Bu ölümlerin 6 milyondan fazlası doğrudan tütün kullanımının bir sonucu iken, yaklaşık 890.000'i sigara içmeyenlerin pasif olarak sigara dumanına maruz kalmasının sonucudur. Dünya genelinde 1,1 milyar kişi tütün ve tütün ürünü kullanmaktadır ve sigara içenlerin yaklaşık % 80'i düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde yaşamaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Tütün Kontrolü Çerçeve Sözleşmesi (DSÖ TKÇS) Şubat 2005'te yürürlüğe girmiştir ve dünya nüfusunun % 90'ından fazlasını kapsayan 181ülke tarafından kabul edilmiştir. DSÖ TKÇS kişilerin en yüksek sağlık standardına sahip olma haklarını teyit eder, uluslararası sağlık işbirliği için yasal boyutlar sağlar ve uyum için yüksek standartlar belirler. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), 2008 yılında DSÖ TKÇS'nin temel talep azaltma hükümlerinin uygulanmasını ölçeklendirmek için pratik, maliyet-etkin bir yol haritası sunmuştur:MPOWER. Her bir MPOWER politika önerisi, DSÖ TKÇS’nin en az bir hükmüne karşılık gelir. Altı MPOWER politika önerisi şunlardır: Tütün kullanımı ve koruyucu politikaları izlemek, insanları pasif sigara dumanı etkileniminden korumak, sigarayı bırakmak için uygun yardım önermek, tütünün zararları konusunda uyarmak, tütün ürünlerinin reklam, tanıtım ve sponsorluğunu kısıtlama konusunda var olan mevzuatı güçlendirmek ve tütün üzerindeki vergiyi artırmak. Dünya nüfusunun % 39'unu temsil eden dünya genelindeki ülkelerin üçte ikisinde, ulusal düzeyde genç ve yetişkin sigara kullanım anketlerini en az 5 yılda bir tekrar ederek tütün kullanımını izlemektedir. Dünya nüfusunun% 33'ünü temsil eden sadece 26 ülkede sigara bırakmaya yardımcı olmak için tam veya kısmi maliyet kapsamına sahip ulusal ve kapsamlı sigara bırakma hizmetleri mevcuttur. Dünya nüfusunun % 47'sini temsil eden 78 ülke, sigara paketleri üzerinde resimli sağlık uyarılar için en iyi uygulamayı yapmaktadır. Dünya nüfusunun yaklaşık % 44'ü, son 2 yılda en az bir tane güçlü tütün kullanımı karşıtı kitle iletişim kampanyası düzenleyen 43 ülkede yaşamaktadır. Dünya nüfusunun % 15'ini temsil eden sadece 37 ülke, her türlü tütün reklamı, tanıtım ve sponsorluğunu tamamen yasaklamıştır. Dünya nüfusunun % 10'unu oluşturan sadece 32 ülke, tütün ürünlerine vergiler getirmiş, böylece sigara perakende satış fiyatının % 75'inden fazlasını vergiler oluşturmuştur.
Special peculiarities of clinical course of osteoarthrosis of knee joints depending on 6-hydroxymelatonin-sulfate urinary excretion profile
Authors: Humeniuk Oksana , Stanislavchuk Mykola , Zaichko Nataliia
Published: September 2018

The study objective was to define the special features of the clinical course of knee joint osteoarthrosis depending on 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinaryexcretion profile.Materials and methods.We surveyed 141 patients with radiological Stage II-III osteoarthrosis (OA) of the knee joints (18 female subjects). Diagnosis of OA was established on the basis of ACR criteria (1991) and EULAR (2010) recommendations. We determined the AO clinical indexes (Lequesne, WOMAC, KOOS), HAQ functional index, sleep quality and psycho-emotional state indicators. ELISA was used to assess 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinary excretion profile.Results. It was established that 66% of patients with OA of knee joints had a reduced 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinary excretion compared to this of practically healthy individuals. AO patients with low 6-SMT urinary excretion profiles had higher incidence of severe insomnia and depressive disorders. Reduction in 6-SMT excretion was associated with a moderate increase in pain syndrome and deterioration of physical functions by Lequesne, WOMAC, KOOS, and HAQ indexes.Conclusion.The reducedmelatonin production in ОА patients is a factor of more severe clinical course of the disease due to deterioration of the psycho-emotional state, the development of pain syndrome, and functional disorders.
The Experience of Studying the State of Occlusal Relations in Patients with Generalized Periodontitis Who Require Orthopedic Treatment with Non-Removable Structures Using the “T-Scan system”
Authors: Melnychuk Arsen
Published: September 2018

Determining the state of occlusal relations in orthopedic dentistry is an important step both for diagnosis and for treatment. For the purpose of their study, 65 patients with chronic GP of theІst and ІІnd degree of the development who needed an orthopedic treatment, were used the device “T-Scan III”. Patients had a partial (1-3) loss of teeth of III and IV classes according toKennedy; they were divided into two groups. Group I included 35 patients who had included defects and were not previously prosthetic, group II – 30 patients who had poor-quality bridges of different materials that needed replacement. Control was provided by 20 dentally healthy patients with normal occlusal ratios of dentitions.We have determined that patients with GP with included defects in the dentition have significant deviations from the even distribution of occlusalloading on the dental rows in both of the studied classes according to Kennedy, especially those who had not previously been prosthetic. It is necessary to use a computerized analysis of occlusion with the help of the apparatus “T-Scan III” to all of these patients at every orthopedic stage of complex treatment. The precise definition of supra-contacts reduces the possibility of errors and allows achievement of the ideal – 50% to 50% –relationship between the left and right parts of the tooth-jaw system during fitting and fixing of orthopedic structures and keeping it in the process of their exploitation.
A Pilot Study of Barriers to Psychiatric Treatment among Japanese Healthcare Workers
Authors: Taniguchi Toshiatsu , Tanimukai Hitoshi , Hirai Kei , Tajime Kayo
Published: September 2018

Background: The medical service industry has the highest number of industry-classified workers’ compensation claims related to mental disorders. They are a group of people who particularly need mental health care.

Aims: To investigate the barriers to seeking psychiatric treatment among healthcare workers.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted for healthcare workers. We assessed the relationship between barriers to psychiatric treatment, stress perception, coping methods, and demographic variables.

Results: There were 91 respondents in the final analysis (participants’ mean age was 34.73±11.41). Factor analysis identified three factors that affect resistance to seeking treatment (?=0.83): 1) anxiety toward psychiatric medicine, 2) resistance to psychiatric visits, and 3) lack of belief in the effectiveness of psychiatric treatment. Correlation analysis indicated that resistance to psychiatric treatment increased with age (r=0.21, p<0.05). In addition, women scored significantly higher than men concerning resistance toward psychiatric visits, and doctors scored lower than those in other occupations on this measure.

Conclusion: These results indicated that a main component of resistance was related to resistance toward the word “psychiatric”. It may be useful to avoid using the word “psychiatric” with individuals belonging to groups with high resistance to psychiatric treatment when suggesting that they consult a psychiatrist.
La cruz, el sacrificio y la ornamentación cristiano-indígena. Luces sobre un taller de alfarería de mediados del siglo XVI en el valle de México
Authors: Escalante Gonzalbo Pablo
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo parte del análisis de una pieza circular de cerámica con símbolos indígenas y cristianos procedente de Teotihuacán y recuperada a finales del siglo XIX. Tras un cotejo con otras piezas —entre ellas, otros tres discos, hasta ahora inéditos— se argumenta la pertenencia de todo el conjunto a un taller de alfarería, probablemente ligado a la escuela de artes y oficios de los franciscanos. Se trata de la mayor muestra de alfarería litúrgica cristiano-indígena del siglo v.
Para além das capitanias: região colonial, espaço econômico e jurisdição política (séc. XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Dias Thiago Alves
Published: September 2018

A historiografia brasileira do período colonial pouco valorizou objetos de pesquisa que tivessem como recorte espacial uma determinada região da América portuguesa. Realidade bem diferente da produção latino americana. A questão da região colonial e seus pressupostos de análise ganham contribuições com os inúmeros estudos já realizados sobre a América espanhola entre os séculos XVI a XVIII. Esse artigo tem como objetivo fomentar o debate em torno do conceito de região colonial, assim como propor arcabouços teóricos e metodológicos que permitam ampliar as possibilidades de pesquisa e produção historiográfica a partir dessa conceituação.
Engenharias da guerra cotidiana
Authors: Neves Pires João Augusto
Published: September 2018

GRAHAM, Stephen. Cidades sitiadas: o novo urbanismo militar. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2016.
Joãozinho Bem-bem e os antigos: a história de um herói através de sua estória
Authors: Lopes da Costa Lorena
Published: September 2018

O artigo analisa a história e a estória de Joãozinho Bem-Bem, personagem de dois textos de Guimarães Rosa. A partir da (re)leitura do autor da Ilíada e da Odisseia em 1950, explora-se o diálogo do herói do sertão rosiano com a tradição épica, para dar continuidade ao trabalho de Ana Luiza Martins Costa e responder a ele. Tendo em vista a identidade do herói antigo e moderno, investiga-se bela morte no sertão, tomando-se como fonte o conto "A hora e a vez de Augusto Matraga" (1946), e o renome do guerreiro, desta vez sendo a fonte Grande Sertão: Veredas (1956).
Composição demográfica domiciliar e (i)mobilidade no seridó potiguar: vulnerabilidade à seca e estratégias domiciliares no sertão nonrdestino
Authors: Correia Isac Alves , Ojima Ricardo
Published: September 2018

Baseado em um survey realizado em janeiro de 2017 com 1.064 domicílios do Seridó Potiguar, o principal objetivo desse trabalho é entender como as famílias ao perceberem a presença de ameaças relacionadas às secas, ajustam suas respostas por meio da migração e sua composição demográfica domiciliar. A metodologia de análise consiste em estatísticas descritivas, testes de representatividade amostral Deff e intervalos de confiança de 95% de significância, além da pesquisa-observação. Os principais resultados mostram que a composição demográfica domiciliar tanto pode ter influenciado as decisões quanto é resultado da migração. A menor proporção de crianças com menos de 15 anos de idade para os domicílios com emigrante sugere a presença de respostas multifásicas. As motivações para migrar na região são diversas, assim como os motivos para permanecer que são decisões complexas, geralmente envolvendo motivações individuais e de caráter domiciliar.
Heroes of the Sertão: the bandeirantes as a symbolic category for the study of Brazilian West colonization
Authors: Dutra e Silva Sandro
Published: September 2018

This article analyzes the historical role of the bandeirante - a character redefined through the intellectual and government policy of A Marcha para o Oeste, which was adopted by the Estado Novo regime (1937-1945). The research was based on different sources such as speeches, literary narratives, Brazilian historiography, legislative decrees and other documents. Hence, we sought to identify the relationship between the image of the bandeirante as the hero of the sertão in the territorial conquest of the Brazilian frontier.
Ocupação e conflito nos sertões do Manoelburgo na Zona da Mata mineira
Authors: Andrade Vitória Fernanda Schettini de
Published: September 2018

A fim de desenhar o perfil dos sertões de Manoelburgo, na Zona da Mata mineira, este trabalho terá como objetivos, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar, analisar a região, desde o momento em que era considerada Área Proibida, até chegada do homem branco. Pretende, também, ilustrar, com estudo de caso, um conflito envolvendo a posse da terra na área identificada. Neste artigo, serão utilizadas, além de referencial básico, fontes cartorárias e paroquiais tendo como finalidade o entendimento de uma área considerada fronteira aberta.
Narratividade e cientificismo: A construção literária dos sujeitos de Canudos em Euclides da Cunha
Authors: Lagares Fernanda Rodrigues , De Medeiros Euclides Antunes
Published: September 2018

Propomos problematizar a estrutura de sentido/sentimento que orienta Euclides da Cunha a construir narrativamente uma atmosfera capaz de fazer com que seu leitor não apenas compreenda os significados contidos em sua obra, mas também construa estratégias interpretativas acerca do universo narrado. Para isso tomamos dois momentos da obra, a alegoria Hércules-Quasímodo e a metáfora da luta entre a Sucuri e o Touro, aqui entendidos como ideias-forças, mobilizadas pelo autor para figurar os Canudenses e seus opositores.
Sertão, civilização e progresso: olhares sobre a fronteira Brasil-Paraguai-Argentina (1896-1937)
Authors: Langaro Jiani Fernando
Published: September 2018

RESUMO: O artigo problematiza as memórias cristalizadas por parcela significativa da historiografia do Oeste do Paraná, emergente na década de 1980, sobre o que foi a região fronteiriça durante o final do século XIX e a primeira metade do século XX. Para tanto, retoma a principal fonte utilizada por estes estudos, livros contendo memórias de viagens – escritos por militares à serviço do exército brasileiro ou de autoridades do governo estadual paranaense –, para os quais lança novo olhar. A despeito da centralidade conferida pela historiografia do estado à temática da “desnacionalização da fronteira” – oriunda da maciça presença estrangeira (principalmente argentina e paraguaia) e da hegemonia comercial de Posadas na região – propõe que seja dada maior atenção às formas como, no período estudado – quando o local era considerado como “sertão bruto”, “inóspito” e “impenetrável” – se entendia o lugar como ausente de “progresso”. Defende que o ideal de “progresso” era a concepção basilar para a construção do olhar negativo sobre a região, nesse período, do qual os demais elementos – citados acima – eram decorrentes.
Castigo do céu ou provação divina: consciência histórica dos desastres no sul de Santa Catarina (1974-2004)
Authors: Lopes Alfredo Ricardo Silva
Published: September 2018

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as interpretações dos significativos desastres socioambientais no sul de Santa Catarina de 1974 a 2004, no intuito de perceber quais as formas e estratégias para compreensão dos eventos são produzidas e suas consequências. Nesse caminho são utilizadas entrevistas de História Oral dos moradores das áreas de risco que vivenciaram estas situações extremas. Apesar de diversas formas de compreender os desastres surgirem nas entrevistas, é a religiosidade que emerge de forma implícita ou explicita como um dos elementos centrais na significação das ocorrências, o que leva produção de uma consciência histórica pautada na imutabilidade do tempo.
Os kaingang e a reestruturação do território indígena Apucarana (PR) no século XX
Authors: Novak Eder da Silva
Published: September 2018

O Acordo de 1949, estabelecido entre o governo do Paraná e a União, propôs a reestruturação de seis áreas reservadas aos indígenas no início do século XX. Entre elas, o Território Indígena Apucarana, destinado aos Kaingang, em 1900, com mais de 68 mil hectares, cuja proposta do Acordo era a redução para 6.300ha. O objetivo neste texto é analisar os desdobramentos, as negociações e as tensões decorrentes desta reestruturação, evidenciando as ações e estratégias do estado, do órgão indigenista e, sobretudo, dos Kaingang do Apucarana.
Numerical simulations of an intake-compressor system
Authors: Kächele Thomas , Rademakers Rudolf P. M. , Schneider Tim , Niehuis Reinhard
Published: October 2018

Integrated propulsion plays a major role in future civil and military aircraft design. A key component of these systems are highly bent intake geometries. As the flow passes through such ducts, combined total pressure and swirl distortions are generated which have a negative impact on compressor performance, safety margin, and durability. Due to weight and space limitations, a close coupling of intake and compressor is necessary. An experimental test case including a highly bent intake geometry and a state of the art turbofan engine was established and extensive measurement data was acquired. This publication compares results of three different numerical approaches to this test data: Isolated intake simulations, isolated compressor simulations with distorted inflow conditions, and a coupled simulation of intake and three stage compressor.

The isolated intake simulation is able to reproduce the static wall pressure field of the intake as well as the occurring flow separation. Towards the interface plane to the compressor however, significant deviations are observed. The upstream effect of the compressor working under the combined pressure swirl distortion is assessed via the second simulation approach. The influence of the swirl and total pressure distortion on the compressor is first simulated separately and then compared to the impact of the combined distortion. The coupled intake-compressor simulation reveals the manipulation of the intake flow field by an upstream static pressure field. In contrast to experiments a slightly unsteady operation point and an asymmetric intake flow field were observed.
DETERMINING THE RANGE OF COMBINE HARVESTERS AND HEADERS FOR KAZAKHSTAN REGIONS
Authors: Astafyiev V. L. , Golikov V A
Published: September 2018

The fleet of combine harvesters in the Republic of Kazakhstan consists of 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-class harvesters, and 3- and 4- class harvesters make up for almost 82% of the fleet. According to the data provided by the Kazakhstan Ministry of Agriculture, 60% of grain harvesters have a lifespan of more than 10 years. (Research purpose) To determine the range of grain harvesters and headers for Kazakhstan regions in view of ongoing technical re-equipment. (Materials and methods) The range of grain harvesters should be determined according to the yield of harvested crops, the size of crop area on separate farms and in the region, the availability of machine operators as well as climatic conditions of the regions. (Results and discussions). The authors have analyzed the actual yield of grain crops in Kazakhstan regions, determined its possible expected level, and analyzed the number of machine operators required for available crop area, the number of small, medium and large-scale farms and climatic conditions during the harvest period in Kazakhstan regions. The efficiency of harvesters of different classes with headers of various operating width has been estimated taking into account the expected yield. Matching the obtained results to the yield data, organizational-and-economic and climatic conditions, and introducing appropriate limits, the authors have determined the range of grain harvesters for Kazakhstan regions. (Summary) It has been found that the harvesters of class 5, 6 and 4 are more effective under conditions of northern and central Kazakhstan regions provided they are equipped with wide-cut headers for direct harvesting. In southern, western and eastern Kazakhstan regions, where grain crops are cultivated on dry soils with an insufficient moisture content, combine harvesters of class 3 and 4 should be primarily used.
PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SUNFLOWER, SOYBEAN AND MAIZE SEEDS WITH LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Authors: Levina N. S. , Tertyshnaya Yu. V. , Bidey I. A. , Elizarova O. V.
Published: September 2018

Pre-sowing  seed treatment by various energy methods is used as an effective way of stimulating the seed material. (Research purpose) The authors have studied the effect of a low-frequency electromagnetic field on the seed properties of sunflower (Helianthus), soybean (Glycine max) and maize (Zea mays L.) seeds. (Materials and methods) Parameters of the electromagnetic field: induction of 16 mT, pulse repetition rate of 16 Hertz I; exposure time of 15 and 20 minutes. The experiment has been conducted in two stages. The first stage is the determination of the germination and germination energy of irradiated and non-irradiated seeds, as well as the biometric characteristics of seedlings: the mass of stems and leaves, the length and mass of the root system. The second stage is the phenological observations of the growth and development of plants according to the phases of their development in the VIM climatic chamber. (Results and discussion) It has been shown that the sowing qualities of maize seeds after 15 min of irradiation are higher than the control ones. It has been determined that germination energy has increased by 10 percent as compared to the control sample, germination by 8 percent, seedling weight by 6.4 percent, weight of stems and leaves by 16, root system by 3.4 and stem height by 30 percent. It has been found that there is no influence of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation on the germination of soybeans both in the laboratory and in the climate chamber. It has been found that at the end of the growing season, the mass of plants irradiated for 20 minutes has turned out to be greater than the control values by 20%, the root mass by 25%, and the root length by 16%. The authors have determined that the treatment of sunflower seeds (Helianthus) with a low-frequency electromagnetic field has no stimulating effect on germination energy and germination capacity, but contributes to an increase in the mass of plants when they are grown in a phytotron. It has been calculated that a 15-minute irradiation of sunflower seeds before sowing resulted in an increase in the mass of plants by 34.9%; the mass of the root system – by 22%; length of roots – by 3.65%; the head (anthodium)  diameter – by 5.3% and their weights – by 25.3 %. (Conclusions) The response of plants to the energy impact depends on the type of crop. It has been determined that low-frequency magnetic radiation without changing the sowing properties of seeds can positively influence the growth and development of plants.
STUDY OF GRAIN DRYING IN THE AUTOMATED GRAIN DRYING UNIT
Authors: Pavlov S. A. , Frolova T. F.
Published: September 2018

Mine and column grain dryers are a fairly complex object of control in the production line. The process of grain drying is characterized  by a large number of parameters, quantitatively and qualitatively characterizing the dryer operation. First of all, this includes the criteria of maximum performance and minimum deviations of the moisture content of the dried grain from the standard values. These criteria, as studies show, are interconnected with each other: an increase in the performance П of the dryer leads to an increase in the moisture content of the grain coming out of it, and, conversely, an attempt to reduce the moisture content of grain causes the need to reduce the performance П. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to develop the expression for the transfer functions of the of grain flow control depending on perturbations of the initial moisture content and the maximum grain temperature, as well as to conduct experimental studies. (Materials and methods) The authors have developed simplified mathematical models of moisture perturbation compensation of grain coming in for drying and its heating temperature in a drying chamber by changing the dryer performance on the basis of theoretical-and-experimental studies. (Results and discussion). The authors  have obtained  expressions to control the process performance when the current humidity and temperature change through the dryer performance parameters as a function of grain moisture flow and heat used to grain heating up to an acceptable temperature. Farm tests of developed transition management functions have been implemented for dryer SZT-16 controlled by PLC S7-1200 Siemens and operating in an automatic mode. Tests have been conducted on the “Babachev” farm, Karachev district of the Bryansk region in the process of drying food wheat grain. (Conclusion) It has been confirmed that the dryer performance is determined not only by the rated capacity but also by the deviation of the current moisture content of grain from the specified values and by the ratio of the amount of heat used for evaporating and heating. The dryer performance at constant initial humidity is determined by its rated performance, the maximum specified difference of grain temperatures, as well as the ratio of the amounts of heat used for evaporating and heating.
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR OIL FLAX PROCESSING
Authors: Novikov E. V. , Basova N. V. , Bezbabchenko A. V.
Published: September 2018

Oil flax grows in many countries of the world. Fibre production on its basis can significantly increase the profitability of flax-growing farms. At the present stage, taking into account the real possibilities of the national economy, for its effective development  it is necessary to introduce advanced technologies. Cur-rently, processing enterprises may choose among different technological equipment lines to process oil flax into fibre and thus get additional profit. (Research purpose) The determination of a technologically and economical-ly effective line for oil flax processing. (Materials and methods) The main materials for calculation were represent-ed by the indicators of production capacity, the average annual value of fixed as-sets, the amount of money spent on salaries and wages, etc. The main research method is the balance method that allows making a plan in the form of a balance sheet that takes into account the sources of inputs and the requirements for these inputs. (Results and discussions) The authors have considered low-cost lines for oil flax processing into short fibre on the basis of disintegrators of various brands (from domestic and foreign producers), offered characteristics of the fibre obtained in the lines, and analyzed technical and economic indicators of various technologi-cal lines under different conditions, and the payback period of capital expenditures for different oil flax acreages. (Conclusions) The authors have determined that the most effective is the pro-cessing of oil flax from an area of at least 1000 hectares, with a throughput capaci-ty of raw materials of at least 1000 kg/h and a distance of the transportation of straw rolls to a processing site of 50 km. They have also obtained technological and economic data that can be used in the organization of oil flax processing into marketable fibre.
METHODS OF APPLYING FERTILIZERS IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Authors: Lichman G. I. , Belykh S. A. , Marchenko A. N.
Published: September 2018

It is impossible to achieve the planned yields, product quality, and economic efficiency in agricultural production using only organic fertilizers. joint application of organic and solid mineral fertilizers solves the problem of replenishing the soil content of nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements used by plants. The authors have carried out the research of new methods of variable-rate application of mineral fertilizers in plant growing, allowing to increase the profitability of agricultural production. (Research purpose) is to develop new methods of variable-rate application of mineral fertilizers in crop production, which will allow increasing the profitability of crop production as compared with the conventional methods of applying fertilizers basing on average field indicators.  (Materials and methods) The authors have developed a calculation technique implemented in the VBA Excel computer program for determining the main indicators: gross output, fertilizer saving, profit, etc. The main variable to change in the calculations is the planned yield based on average field parameters. At the end of the calculation process, the values of the best result for gross harvest output and profit are displayed on the screen. The research objects for the calculation were represented by elementary areas of crop areas of three farms – “Prodresurs”, Agropoligon VIUA, and “Murminskoye” with different soil types: chernozem, loamy, and sandy-loam.  (Results and discussion) The method of proportional variable-rate application of fertilizers on three types of soils gives a stable increase in profit as compared with the application of fertilizers basing on the average field indicators. (Conclusions) Calculations  have shown that under the specified conditions and at the equal yield of 30 c/ha the application of organomineral fertilizers is the most effective, profitability has accounted for 40 percents – on mesopodzol sandy-loam soils; 8.7 percents – on sod-podzolic soils; and 1.3 percents – on black soils. The method of proportional variable-rate application of mineral fertilizers accompanied with variable-rate application of organic fertilizers makes it possible to reduce the amount of mineral fertilizers applied by half.
ZONE OF SOIL LOOSENING WITH CULTIVATOR SWEEPS
Authors: Vasilenko V. V. , Vasilenko S. V. , Borzilo V. S.
Published: September 2018

Cultivator  sweeps are placed remotely relative to each other or as parts of combined working tools with spherical discs, chisels and other parts, so the propagation of a zone of soil deformation during their operation at different depths and at different speeds is studied by designers for the calculation of technological runs in order to avoid their clogging with soil. (Research purpose) To determine the dependence of the width of the soil loosening zone with a cultivator sweep on the depth of travel and the speed of travel. (Materials and methods) Studies have been conducted on a stubble soil background after harvesting of winter wheat. Humidity and hardness of soil at a depth of 0 to 30 centimeters varied accordingly from 9 to 13 percent and from 0.28 to 0.87 MPa. The structure of the unit has been represented by the tractor MTZ Belarus 1221,2 and the cultivator KRN-5,6. Each section of the cultivator housed a universal sweep with a design working width of 220 mm. (Results and discussion) It has been found that a sweep forms a loosened strip and a strip of soil scattering, the width of which depends linearly on the tillage depth ranging from 10 to 22 cm and varies in the range from 31 to 42 and 38 to 58 cm, respectively. The unit travel speed ranging from 3 to 13 km/h does not affect the width of the loosening zone, and the zone of soil scattering increases according to the law of a weakly expressed quadratic parabola. The authors present empirical dependences of the width of the loosening and scattering zones on the tillage depth, the travel speed and the sweep width. (Conclusions) It has been found that the interval between the sweeps in one row should not be less than the specified width of the loosening zone, which has been confirmed as exemplified by a successful arrangement  of working elements with a width of 410 mm on the combined units of the RVK series. Combined tools work with high technological reliability for sunflower stubble, without being clogged with soil and plant residues during the main field operations performed according to the minimal impact technology.
MIGRATION WORKERS AND HIV IN SIBERIA
Authors: Kalacheva G. A. , Rubina Y. L. , Rudakov N. V. , Buslova L. E.
Published: October 2018

This research was carried out within the framework of joint research work between the Siberian Federal District Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS of the Omsk Research Institute of Natural Focal Infections and the multifunctional medical center for migrants .NISO.. The work involves several stages from the beginning of 2016. A questionnaire method was used to collect primary data and laboratory results of testing for HIV and syphilis were used. During the period under study, there was a tendency to reduce the number of examined and identified foreign citizens in the Omsk region and the low prevalence of HIV infection in this category of citizens. However, the revealed cases of syphilis, irresponsible attitude to the passage of medical examinations, failure to use protective equipment during sexual intercourse, insufficient knowledge or lack of them for the prevention of dangerous infectious diseases, low level of education can contribute to worsening of the epidemic situation both in the region of stay and in the country of exodus.
CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ASSESSMENT OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION IN PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION
Authors: Matuzkova A. N. , Pshenichnaya N. Yu. , Suladze A. G. , Dosyagaeva L. I. , Tverdohlebova T. I. , Yagovkin E. A.
Published: October 2018

Aim of research: to detect a diagnostic value of cumulative clinical assessment of systemic inflammation markers in monitoring a course of HIV infection. Materials and methods. The research is implemented in a sample of 162 HIV patients. The sample is divided into two groups: 1 — receiving HAART (n=88), 2 — not receiving HAART (n=74). The content of lipopolysaccharidebinding protein (LBP), procalcitonin and cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-g, IFN-a) are detected in serum by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of CD4+-lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometric techniques. Results. Significantly high LBP concentration, in comparison with healthy persons’ indices, is found in both groups of the sample. The content IFN-g and IFN-a is significantly high in majority of HIV patients of the sample regardless of the therapy received. HIV patients with low content of CD4+ lymphocytes, have the indications of more severe systemic inflammation accompanied by enhanced production of anti-endotoxin proteins, and their cytokine profile is characterized by more expressed proinflammatory orientation than in HIV patients with high CD4+ lymphocytes indices. The LBP level may be treated as an indirect criterion of immune suppression intensity in HIV infection.
PECULIARITIES OF CLINICAL AND X-RAY TANGULAR FORMS OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESULTS OF ITS ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS IN PATIENTS CONCERNED BY HIV+TB INFECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARELIA
Authors: Pahomova E. V. , Markelov Yu. M. , Sunchalina Т. V. , Rozhkova I. I.
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to study the clinical and radiological forms of TB in patients with HIV and the possibilities of etiologic diagnosis-the detection of MBT using various methods for determining and the effect of immunosuppression on the results of etiologic diagnosis. Materials and methods. The materials for the study were the analysis of clinical x-ray examination data and the results of etiological diagnosis of the Office in the Republic of Karelia for the period from 2001 to 2016 among 159 patients with a co-infection of HIV+TB in the bacteriological laboratory of the Republican TB Dispensary of the Karelia. Results of the research. The peculiarities of clinical and radiological forms of tuberculosis (TB) and infomativity of various methods of etiologic diagnosis of TB among 159 patients with combined HIV+TB infection for the period 2001–2016 in the Republic of Karelia were studied. It was revealed that the PCR diagnostics significantly reduced the likelihood of a lethal outcome of patients with a co-infection, as it allowed us to quickly identify not only the presence of the MBT, but also to identify MDR and appoint adequate chemotherapy on the first day of detection, which significantly reduced the risk of death. The frequency of bacterial excretion most often (69%) occurred in the group of patients with the most severe immunosuppression with an amount of CD4 cells less than 100 in 1 ml. It was found that among the patients with co-infection with HIV + pulmonary TB, cavities of disintegration in the lung tissue (38,5%) are significantly less likely to be detected, but bacteriovirus (68,5%) is detected more frequently than among patients with pulmonary TB in the territory of the Republic of Karelia (form 33). It has been established that improving the organization of sputum collection can significantly increase (at least 20%) the incidence of MBT in patients with pulmonary TB and HIV, which is important in the rapid diagnosis of TB and the appointment of adequate therapy, especially considering that among patients with co-infection 1⁄2 (52,8%) had MDR. The conclusion. For the timely diagnosis of pulmonary TB in HIV-infected patients, with frequent atypical clinical and radiological picture of TB and the possibility of rapid progression with lethal outcome, and also taking into account the results obtained (in 56% of patients with TB+HIV-MBT+), etiologic diagnosis of TB has priority value. The most affordable, cheap and epidemiologically significant method for detecting TB is sputum smear microscopy. The epidemiological danger was aggravated by the detection in 52,8% of patients with HIV+TB strains of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant MBT.
ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANT FACTORS TOWARD MARGIN MURABAHAH OF INDONESIA ISLAMIC BANKS
Authors: PURWANTO PURWANTO , RATNA SOPHIA DWI
Published: October 2018

This research was conducted to find out the effect of the internal and external factors toward margin murabahah at syariah banks for period 2011-2016. The type of data used in this research is secondary data of Islamic Banks publish in quarterly financial statements by Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Through purposive sampling, this research got 54 observations from three Islamic banks in five years which fulfill the criteria. This research used quantative approach, using multiple regression and has passed the classical assumption test. Based on the result, it is concluded that there are 4 independent variables which areThird Party Funds, Operational Efficiency Ratio, Non-Performing Financing, and Inflation which having significant effects toward margin murabahah. Simultaneously, the variation of four independent variables can explain 63.81% effects to dependent variable. The remaining of 36.19% is explained by other factors outside this research.
Focusing on sustainability to strengthen corporate governance
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn
Published: October 2018

This paper provides a summary of current sustainability issues and trends, primarily from an application perspective, which contributes to the state of the art of scholarly literature with implications for improved corporate governance. A leading sustainability advocate for better corporate governance is Larry Fink, who is the CEO of BlackRock, the world’s largest asset-management company with $6.3 trillion under management and offices in 30 countries and clients in over 100 countries. In January 2018, he sent a letter to all CEOs of public companies across the world to start accounting for the societal impact of their companies and to focus upon economic growth that is sustainable. Currently, a majority of S&P 500 companies have publicly disclosed their sustainability performances with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) metrics. These ESG reporting companies had higher financial returns than their non-ESG reporting competitors. As gatekeepers for investors and other stakeholders, Boards of Directors should pay attention to these sustainability trends, related company performances, and opportunities for future company performance which should strengthen corporate governance.