bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Lymph Node Yield in Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer Specimens
Authors: Nagarajan Deepa , Jain Rupa Ashish , Shah Anita Bharat , Munde Rajesh , Shah Mita Y
Published: July 2021

Background: Currently, the CAP protocol mandates evaluation of ≥12 Lymph nodes as a quality indicator for the adequacy of pathologic examination of colorectal cancer resection specimens. Aim: To identify factors that may influence the lymph node yield in colorectal cancer specimens and to compare with the relevant publications.     

 

Methods: The retrospective study of seventy patients with loco-regional colorectal adenocarcinomas treated by standard surgical resection from April 2015- April 2017 was included. All cases with inadequate lymph nodes had been re-grossed by another pathologist. Variables like age, gender, primary site, type of surgery, specimen length, tumour size, grade and stage, neoadjuvant therapy and tumour site perforation were evaluated for their impact on the average total number of nodes examined.

Results: Out of seventy, eleven [15.71%] patients had inadequate mean nodal yield [MNY]. Of these eleven patients, MNY was greater in males [6.6] than in females [6.4]. MNY was lesser in patients with age >50years [5.71] than patients ≤ 50 years [8]. The yield increased exponentially with increasing tumour stage and tumour size. Yield was higher in tumours with perforation. Specimens longer than 20cm had a higher yield [7.29] than in shorter specimens [5.25]. The yield was lesser when tumour is located more distally [APR:4.5 and AR &sigmoid colectomy:7.7]. Seven patients had taken neoadjuvant therapy [63.6%] of whom, six had moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma & one had no tumour.

Conclusion: Factors like neoadjuvant therapy, age & gender of the patient, type of surgery, length of the specimen, tumour size, grade, stage, site & perforation, affect the MNY in colorectal cancers.
Comparison of KOH with Culture in the Diagnosis of Dematophytic Fungal Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kataria Shaveta , Galhotra Shipra , Kapoor Priya , Jindal Neerja , Bains Trimaan Kaur , Kansal Rinkal Kaur
Published: July 2021

Background: Skin mycoses also called dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection affects 20-25% of World population. Its prevalence varies place to place with climatic changes, time to time with age, sex and lifestyle of the population. Dermatophytoses could be caused by dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes, their frequency of isolation differs with geographical variation.

Objectives: To study various clinical presentations of skin mycosis and compare KOH with culture in the diagnosis of dermatophytic infections in a tertiary care hospital.

Material & Methods: A total of 98 skin scrapings collected from consecutive OPD patients from 1st June 2016 to 31st May 2017 examined using KOH and culture on modified Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium. The isolated fungi were identified by morphology, lactophenol cotton blue, slide culture and biochemical tests.

Results & Discussions: T. corporis (40.82%) was the most common clinical presentation followed by T. cruris (17.35%), T. pedis (15.31%), T. capitis (8.16%). Fungal infections were demonstrated in 52/98(53.06%). The male to female ratio of the positive cases was 15:9. The most affected age group in males 30-40yrs and females 40-50yrs. KOH positive were 43.87% (43/98). The samples which were positive in both KOH and culture were 17.35% (17/98), those positive in KOH and culture negative were 26.53% (26/98) and KOH negative and culture positive were 7.14% (7/98). Out of 24 positive cultures, 21 were dermatophytes and three were non-dermatophytes. The most common dermatophytes were T. mentagrophytes (62.5%) followed by T. rubrum (20.8%) and M. gypseum (4.33%).

Conclusion: Skin mycoses is caused mainly by dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes followed by T. rubrum) but non-dermatophytic infections do occur. Therefore, fungal culture is imperative for correct diagnosis and proper treatment.
Product Market Competition, Corporate Governance and ESG
Authors: Muhmad Siti Nurain , Ariff Akmalia M. , Majid Norakma Abd , Kamarudin Khairul Anuar
Published: July 2021

This paper examines whether product market competition is associated with Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) and whether corporate governance moderates the effect of product market competition on ESG. Analysis involving 22,897 firm-year observations from 37 countries shows that companies with higher product competition have lower ESG and those with higher corporate governance have higher ESG. The results also indicate the moderating effect of corporate governance, as the negative relationship between product market competition and ESG diminishes for companies with higher corporate governance. The results remain robust in additional analysis using alternative measures for product market competition and corporate governance. The findings support the joint effect of product market competition and corporate governance in determining corporate performance in ESG. The findings reflect the various pressures influencing ESG practices, and on how the strength of corporate governance plays a vital role in ensuring strategic ESG being employed for the sustainable performance of companies. The findings have implications on companies that want to factor ESG into their plans especially to reinvent their companies for the period that follows the COVID-19 pandemic.
A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF UNEMPLOYED GRADUATES IN BHUTAN
Authors:   A research Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements for the Master of International Development., Singye Jigme
Published: July 2021

Over the past few decades, Bhutan has made remarkable progress in socio-economic development, and the kingdom has been identified by the UN as one of the early achievers of the Sustainable Development Goals in 2018. Yet, Bhutan continues to confront a raft of development challenges. One of the most pressing challenges is in the area of youth unemployment, particularly among school and university leavers. Just as school participation has increased in recent years within the kingdom, so too has the number of unemployed graduates. Remarkably, the high levels of unemployed graduates exist alongside a large number of job openings, mostly in the fields of science and engineering, teaching, business administration and commercial management. These positions are usually filled instead by foreign, tertiary-educated workers. Thus, this research thesis intends to study this labour market paradox of graduate unemployment by mapping the lived experiences of unemployed graduates in Bhutan. It relies on primary data collected through a combination of unstructured face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with three unemployed graduates aged between 19-25 years old. The thesis poses two core research questions: firstly, to what degree is there a systemic skill mismatch and jobs, from the perspective of unemployed graduates, and secondly, what is the role of Bhutan Civil Service Examination (BCSE) in the job search strategy and labour market readiness of graduates. The results of the analysis are presented in a narrative form. The findings of this research study reveal that graduate unemployment issues in Bhutan are shaped by a range of issues including the role of the BCSE, a mismatch in wage expectations, the lack of entrenched labour market institutions, and the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of graduates.
NDVI AND CUSTOMIZED CNN FOR LAND COVER SATELLITE IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Engineering. Atmiya University, Rajkot., Daiya Amee , Bhalodiya Dharmesh ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of Computer Engineering, Atmiya University, Rajkot.
Published: July 2021

The efficient and the simplest deep learning algorithm of image classification is Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In this paper we developed a customized CNN architecture for the classification of multi-spectral images from SAT-4 datasets. The sets Near-Infrared (NIR) band information as it can sense vegetation health. The domain knowledge of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) motivated us to utilize Red and NIR spectral bands together in the second level of experimentation for the classification.
A COMPARATIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NEONATAL SEPSIS IN PRE-TERM AND TERM NEONATES
Authors:   Doctor of Pharmacy Students, Deccan School Of Pharmacy., Fazil Mohd , Saher Faroza Nabila ,   Doctor of Pharmacy Students, Deccan School Of Pharmacy., Husna Amena ,   Doctor of Pharmacy Students, Deccan School Of Pharmacy., Ghori Ayesha ,   Doctor of Pharmacy Students, Deccan School Of Pharmacy., Zuleqaunissa Begum Syeda ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of Pharmacy Practice, Deccan School of Pharmacy., Naseem Altaf ,   Professor & HOD, Department Of Pediatrics, Owaisi Hospital & Research Centre.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates, effective adjunctive treatments such as addition of IVIG to standard antibiotic treatment is needed. Neonates conceived <32 weeks of gestation are immune deficient of immunoglobulins when compared to neonates conceived at full term. Aims and Objectives: This study has been attempted to assess and compare the effectiveness of IVIG in addition with antibiotics to improve the therapeutic consequence of NNS in preterm and term neonates. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted, in which 80 neonates were enrolled. Both preterm and term neonates with sepsis were randomly assigned into study and control groups at neonatal intensive care unit, Owaisi Hospital & Research Centre,Hyderabad, India. Study-group was given IVIG in addition to standard treatment. The test group was treated only with the standard antibiotics. Results: In our study, both the study and control-groups were practically identical based on baseline characteristics. The addition of IVIG as an adjuctive therapy is effective in management of NNS as the study group is found to have less duration of hospital stay when compared to that of control group and was statistically significant. The mortality rate was also found to be less in study group and the difference between the two groups is found to be stastically significant. Conclusion: Low levels of immunoglobulins in preterm as well as in term neonates results in increased morbidity and mortality in NNS. Use of IVIG along with the antibiotics and other supportive therapy can improve the outcomes such as hospital stay and mortality.
APPROACHES TO NANO-BASED VACCINES TOWARDS SARS-COV-2 MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines., A. Padilla Jacqueline , M. Faller Erwin ,   San Pedro College, Davao City, Philippines.
Published: July 2021

For a year now, since the world began to be struck with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, incidents of the outbreak are still increasing at an alarming rate considering that the virus has evolved and new strains have come out. The urgency for treatment of this SARS-CoV-2 has triggered the pharmaceutical companies to produce and manufacture antiviral medications and diagnostic tools. Since 2004, the pharmaceutical companies have been studying and discovering the great potential of nanotechnology for drug therapy. Nano-based drug delivery has gained an edge in disease management and has proven a pronounced and fast therapeutic activity over the traditional dosage form especially on the nanomedicines employed currently for coronavirus treatment. Reviewed in this article are the important characteristic nature of nanoparticles including the various nanomaterials that can be employed for its drug design that delivers optimum therapeutic activity. Also, the mechanism of how nanodecoys work in trapping and inhibiting viral entry as well as nano-based vaccines. Presently, nano-based vaccines have been formulated which showed a great extent of activity towards eliciting enhanced immunity. And now, these vaccines have been distributed worldwide after undergoing Phase II and Phase III clinical trials. Statistics showed that millions of the individuals worldwide have received the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 from the different pharmaceutical companies. With the recent positive advancements on nanomedicine therapies, the possibility of complete eradication of any diseases most particularly the current SARS-CoV-2 scare will be materialized. Hence, nanoparticles truly plays a huge contribution in the possible success for the complete treatment of coronavirus infection. In this article, the important contributions and advantages of the use of nanotechnology in the formulation of vaccines are highlighted as a promising medication to help fight against the attack of SARS-CoV-2.
Las paradojas del desarrollo comunitario. Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2018-2024 en México
Authors: Quiroz Gómez Julio Gerardo
Published: July 2021

El trabajo que se desarrolla a continuación presenta un breve análisis en relación con una serie de paradojas que se observan respecto de la propuesta del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (PND) de México en materia de políticas sociales con enfoque de desarrollo comunitario. Cabe mencionar que las paradojas a señalar no refieren a una crítica respecto a la eficiencia y la eficacia en cuanto a la implementación de políticas públicas desde el orden de gobierno federal, sino que señalan, en el mejor de los casos, problemas de carácter discursivo en cuanto al uso de algunos conceptos teóricos.
Se concluye con una reflexión conceptual que tiene la finalidad de evidenciar las paradojas relativas a las comunicaciones vertidas en el PND 2018-2024 en materia de Desarrollo Comunitario.
Palabras clave: la cuarta transformación (4T); plan nacional de desarrollo; políticas de desarrollo; cohesión social; desarrollo comunitario.
territorio para el desarrollo: trayectorias de agenciamiento local en la Selva Lacandona
Authors: Mendoza Solís Yeri Paulina
Published: July 2021

Desde finales del siglo XX la Selva Lacandona se convirtió en un espacio de concentración de políticas de desarrollo social y ambiental impulsadas por agencias nacionales e internacionales de cooperación. En este artículo se analizan las relaciones locales entre las políticas de desarrollo y los procesos de agenciamiento territorial desde una perspectiva deleuziana. La investigación fue realizada con una metodología cualitativa, basada en un estudio de caso antropológico. Se argumenta que las trayectorias locales de apropiación/territorialización, disputa/desterritorialización y control/reterritorialización han derivado en nuevas estrategias de organización y agenciamiento colectivo que desafían las inercias de las políticas de desarrollo convencional.
Palabras clave: territorialización; desterritorialización; reterritorialización; agencia colectiva; Selva Lacandona.
INSTRUCCIONES PARA AUTORES
Authors: Deza Rivasplata Jaime
Published: July 2021

Instrucciones para autores
Comparación del índice de aerosol entre la provincia de Huancayo y la Estación Antártica Peruana Machu Picchu
Authors: Ángeles Julio , Ángeles Roberto
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo ha presentado evidencias que si existen diferencias significativas del índice de aerosol como la concentración de la columna total de ozono entre Huancayo y la Antártida, usando el satélite AURA con el sensor OMI. En el que se ha podido establecer la significancia estadística, asimismo se muestra que existe un incremento en las estaciones secas (otoño e invierno) de 0.4 a 0.8 y una disminución en la estación húmeda (verano y primavera) de 0.22 a 0.4 en la provincia de Huancayo. También se indica valores máximos de índice de aerosol el mes de setiembre de 0.98 y mínimo de 0.69 en el mes de mayo en la Antártida.En conclusión, el trabajo presenta el análisis de t-Student de 2 colas con variancias desiguales realizado; donde indica diferencias altamente significativas de las medias entre los índices de aerosol entre Huancayo y la Antártica siendo su p-value 8.3*10-10 al 5 % de nivel de significancia.
Immune system in development and progression of viral myocardial damage
Authors: Khegai I. M. , Trunina I. I. , Chebotareva T. A. , Khodikyan G. K. , Shumilov P. V.
Published: July 2021

This review demonstrates the role of the immune system in the development and progression of cardiac pathology caused byviral infection. The authors describe the role of lymphocytes (T- helper-17–Th17) in the viral persistence in myocardial tissue.They provide the information on increased level of interleukin-17A, the main Th17 cytokine in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy,which proves role of these cells in the progression of cardiac pathology. They discuss the role of T regulatory (Treg) lymphocytesin inflammatory heart disease.
Routing principles for patients with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Pampura A. N. , Vitkovskaya I. P. , Fomina D. S.
Published: July 2021

Currently, there is a lot of effort that is been done to optimize healthcare management for patients with hereditary angioedema, but there are still difficulties in the regions. Epidemiological data on hereditary angioedema indicate a low level of diagnosis. In several regions, patient pathway have been developed with a detailed description of the different steps on the patient healthcare journey. The patient pathway is a key component of high-quality medical care with optimal timeliness and financial costs. The article is devoted to the organization of hereditary angioedema patients’ pathway.
On the concept of a conformable fractional differential equation
Authors: Shaw Soumen , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: July 2021

A new simple well-behaved definition of the fractional derivative termed as conformable fractional derivative and introducing a geometrical approach of fractional derivatives, non-integral order initial value problems are an attempt to solve in this article. Based on the geometrical interpretation of the fractional derivatives, the solution curve is approximated numerically. Two special phenomena are employed for concave upward and downward curves. In order to obtain the solution of fractional order differential equation (FDE) with the integer-order initial condition, some new criteria on fractional derivatives are proposed.
Identification, Dimension and Evaluation of Catalytic Projects in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Sarkheyli Elnaz , Zakerhaghighi Kianoosh
Published: July 2021

Since the 1980s, a wide range of physical and non-physical interventions, including megaprojects and flagships to small-scale projects and temporary usage, are prescribed as catalysts for urban regeneration. The strategy of utilizing urban catalysts as a tool for urban renewal has been encouraging by many city authorities through specific subsidization and privileges. However, there is no correct and precise definition of the tools and the qualities they should provide as their impacts. Besides, some criticize the catalytic projects due to their unsustainable, unjust, and destructive consequences.  This paper intends to provide a more comprehensive definition of urban catalysts by reviewing the existing literature. The research has been done through a deductive and inductive approach to reach the principal dimensions and criteria for catalytic projects. It uses a series of potential projects and interventions in the City of Tehran (16 projects and practices) as case studies to check the dimensions and criteria and the quality of each project as catalysts. The quality of the selected case studies was ranked through expert judgment and checklist method. The findings show the cases' rank on how their catalytic impacts comply with sustainable development goals. According to the results, seven criteria (environmental sustainability, context-based development, pattern making, branding, social quality of life, economic prosperity, and market adaptability) are essential to ensure the sustainability of catalytic impacts of catalyst projects.
Hydrochemical study of bottled water in Rwanda and relationship with their origin
Authors: Iyakare J. D. , Taupin J-D. , Hitimana C. N. , Dusabimana T. , Ghalit M. , El Ouahabi M. , Benali M. , Ngendo C. , Gharibi E. K.
Published: July 2021

In Rwanda, commercialized bottled water comes mainly from aquifers located in Rwanda and in neighboring countries. In this study, we compare geochemical parameters of bottled water from the great lakes region and seek to correlate mineralization, hydrochemistry and geological facies of the water reservoir. Based on the results obtained from major ions, trace elements and stable isotopes, 15 bottled waters were analyzed. Bottled waters show low mineralization and various chemical facies, with mainly the dominance of sodium due to the occurrence of alkaline granites in the East Africa region. Bottled water quality was evaluated using various classification systems. All bottled waters show low mineralization attributed to low rock-water interaction with granite, and to unconfined aquifer close to the surface fed by direct infiltration and possibly with high transit fractured circulation. In this region, the very high population density with high agricultural activities lead to strong anthropogenic conditions, but most of the bottled waters do not show any evidence of influence. However, this does not prevent regular control of water quality. Stable water isotopes (δ2H and δ18O) highlighted the altitude of aquifers and waters origin of the bottled waters, which is linked to direct rainfall infiltration.
Distribución de macroalgas e invertebrados bentónicos en la laguna arrecifal del Arrecife de Banco Chinchorro, Quintana Roo, México
Authors: González-Solis Alicia , Torruco Daniel , Torruco-González Ángel Daniel
Published: July 2021

Con el propósito de obtener una descripción ecológica de los elementos que integran la comunidad coralina de Banco Chinchorro, arrecife del Caribe Mexicano, los datos de invertebrados y macroalgas obtenidos en 2016 y 2017 mediante transectos fotográficos en 36 sitios de la laguna arrecifal fueron analizados. Los indicadores ecológicos utilizados fueron: dominancia, diversidad ecológica, análisis de similitud y ordenación espacial. Las especies con mayor dominancia en la laguna arrecifal fueron: los corales escleractinios Orbicella annularis y Agaricia agaricites el gorgonáceo Pseudopterogorgia acerosa y la macroalga Lobophora variegata con más del 35 % de la dominancia total de la laguna arrecifal. Se observó un gradiente de diversidad del sur al norte. Dado ese gradiente, la disposición de las muestras y los resultados del análisis de similitud total, la laguna se dividió en Sur Centro y Norte, que fue analizada con los mismos descriptores ecológicos de la laguna total, con la intención de conocer la estructura interna de cada zona. Este análisis mostró fuertes separaciones y uniones entre diferentes áreas en cada zona, especialmente con las variables relacionadas con la influencia de los vientos y a las presiones ambientales. Se espera que los resultados obtenidos sirvan como base para estudios detallados que definan áreas prioritarias de conservación en este arrecife.
Gestão do conhecimento na educação a distância: propondo competências para o nível operacional
Authors: Almeida Siderly do Carmo Dahle de , Santos Andreia Mileski Zuliani
Published: July 2021

A modalidade a distância fez surgir uma nova gama de profissionais, que assumem papeis diversos. O presente artigo resulta de um estudo sobre as competências da tutoria e do gestor de tutoria em cursos de pós-graduação de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior. O estudo tem como principal objetivo propor competências técnico pedagógicas e de suporte para os cargos de tutoria e a gestão de tutoria e justifica-se pela necessidade de se formalizar competências destes agentes, adequando-os aos cargos/funções compatíveis com sua especialidade e experiências, colaborando assim para sua motivação, produtividade e desenvolvimento. Espera-se que o estudo possa fomentar reflexões sobre as principais competências que estes profissionais devem apresentar para exercer suas atividades com maestria no contexto da EaD.
Avaliação do ambiente de aprendizagem webprointer: concepção e desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta web
Authors: Fiscarelli Silvio Henrique , Akamatsu Janio Itiro
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho descreve as principais diretrizes utilizadas no desenvolvimento do Módulo de Acompanhamento e Avaliação, do ambiente colaborativo para desenvolvimento de projetos interdisciplinares.– WebProInter .Os principais objetivos do sistema de avaliação são: subsidiar os pesquisadores para o planejamento e a tomada de decisões; conhecer em profundidade os pontos fortes e fracos do ambiente; contribuir para a definição de prioridades de ação; possibilitar a redefinição de objetivos e ações, quando necessário; e produzir um sistema de informações quantitativas e qualitativas para o acompanhamento da trajetória de desenvolvimento dos projetos e aprendizagem dos alunos envolvidos. Os resultados obtidos a partir da pesquisa fundamentaram-se em três aspectos: a) Interatividade; b) Desenvolvimento das atividades e produtos c) Acompanhamento contínuo de aprendizagem, considerados fundamentais para o processo de avaliação do ambiente WebProInter. Buscando captar esses aspectos foram desenvolvidas ferramentas que possibilitassem auxiliar o trabalho de análise.
Formação inicial de trabalhadores: políticas, desafios e conquistas na educação profissional
Authors: Lomônaco Aparecida de Fátima Soane , Faleiros Eneida de Mattos
Published: July 2021

Este estudo tem como objetivo discutir a formação inicial junto à proposta de Habilitação do Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com coleta aleatória dos dados discursivos de 100 profissionais, que constituem a base empírica da pesquisa, de janeiro a maio de 2008. As perspectivas delineadas para a Educação Profissional Brasileira no setor saúde, com destaque para a inclusão social dos trabalhadores pela elevação de sua escolaridade, impõem políticas públicas educativas específicas. A proposta para profissionalização do pessoal de nível médio em atuação no setor da saúde é de uma política de formação a partir de itinerários formativos. Em 2004, o referencial curricular para o Curso Técnico de ACS propõe um curso modular com carga horária de 1200 horas, com conteúdo teórico e prático. Em 2007, a Escola Técnica de Saúde da UFU, em parceria com a Escola de Saúde Pública de MG e GRS de Uberlândia e Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil, desenvolve o Módulo I do Curso de formação inicial, carga horária de 400 horas, envolvendo 857 alunos e 200 professores. Conclui-se haver melhoria satisfatória na prestação de serviços pelo profissional melhor capacitado e pela necessidade de um amplo debate sobre a continuidade das políticas públicas para a Educação Profissional.
Concepção construtivista permeada pelo uso de tecnologias: um estudo de caso
Authors: Costa Jose Wilson da , Guimarães Mariana Bethonico Muniz , Grossi Márcia Gorett Ribeiro
Published: July 2021

Diferentes tecnologias estão presentes nos contextos escolares e dependendo da maneira como são usadas, podem favorecer a construção do conhecimento. Para entender como as concepções construtivistas contribuem para a aprendizagem permeada pelo uso de tecnologias, foram investigados os impactos das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação (TDICs) na prática pedagógica construtivista. Trata-se de um estudo de caso em uma escola construtivista de Belo Horizonte – Minas Gerais, usando um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) em uma disciplina optativa. Verificou-se que o uso das TDICs ultrapassa os conhecimentos construídos na escola, favorecendo o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Assim o AVA pode ser considerado uma proposta educacional, pois proporciona uma aprendizagem colaborativa e mediada por diversos sujeitos sociais que atuam efetivamente para a construção do conhecimento.
O que é sexualidade? Representações conceituais de professores sobre sexualidade em escolas paranaenses
Authors: Desidério Ricardo
Published: July 2021

Na medida em que se tem ponderado a necessidade da discussão do tema sexualidade nas escolas, nota-se com freqüência a fragilidade por parte dos professores em abordar o tema em sala de aula e a necessidade de refletirmos sobre a maneira como os temas são transmitidos aos alunos. A pesquisa apresenta-se uma análise das principais atitudes e crenças manifestadas por 5 (cinco) professores sobre a temática sexualidade, empregando-se entrevistas diretas, semi-estruturadas, que foram submetidas a uma análise de conteúdo a partir dos pressupostos da modalidade denominada Temática, conforme salienta Bardin (2007). Os resultados denotam que os docentes, apesar de considerarem importante lidar o assunto com os alunos, manifestam dificuldade em falar sobre o tema, indicando inclusive algumas concepções equivocadas. O presente trabalho faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, compreendendo também a investigação dos conhecimentos e atitudes manifestadas pelos alunos dos professores entrevistados.
Saberes sobre brincar: o que as pesquisas publicadas na ANPED revelam?
Authors: Mattos Tatiana Aparecida de , Sommerhalder Aline
Published: July 2021

Esse texto é decorrente de uma pesquisa de conclusão de Pós Graduação Lato Sensu em Educação Infantil, de uma universidade pública brasileira que investigou como o brincar se apresenta nas pesquisas produzidas no campo da Educação Infantil, publicadas nas Reuniões Anuais da ANPEd - Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação, em específico no Grupo de Trabalho 07: Educação das Crianças de 0 a 6 anos. Foram analisados artigos publicados no GT 07 das Reuniões Anuais de 2005 a 2011 dessa Associação, que abordaram o Brincar no cotidiano da Educação Infantil. Os resultados evidenciaram, dentre outros aspectos, que nas recentes publicações o brincar deve se apresentar como eixo central das práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil. Destaca ainda na análise destas produções as relações estabelecidas do brincar com outros fenômenos diretamente relacionados aos processos educativos das crianças na Educação Infantil, como: formação de grupo de crianças, consumo e cultura midiática.
Reabilitação Feita com Próteses Parciais Removíveis - Relato de Caso Clínico
Authors: Hermanson Stefani Duque , Inocencio Athaluama Pires da Silva , Mello Carla Minozzo , Barbosa Oswaldo  Luiz Cecilio , Rodrigues Carlos Roberto Teixeira
Published: July 2021

A procura por tratamento dentário estético vem aumentando consideravelmente no decorrer dos anos, ao qual muitos pacientes optam pela utilização de Próteses Parciais Removíveis. O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar, através de uma revisão de literatura e descrição de um caso clínico de reabilitação estética feita com próteses parciais removíveis com finalidade estética e funcional. Conclui-se que a reabilitação através de próteses parciais removíveis é uma excelente opção para tratamentos funcionais e estéticos e em alguns casos, para se manter a harmonia do sorriso, são necessários outros procedimentos estéticos como a restauração com resina composta.

Palavras-chave: Reabilitação; Prótese Parcial Removível; Estética.
Advances in Anoctamin 1: A Potential New Drug Target in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Zhong Junjie , Xuan Wendi , Tang Mengting , Cui Shihao , Zhou Yuhang , Qu Xiaosheng , Cao Xin , Niu Bing
Published: July 2021

ANO1, anoctamin 1(also known as TMEM16A), is the molecular basis of calcium-activated
chloride channels with ten transmembrane segments which are widely expressed in mammalian
cells, including epithelial cells, vascular smooth muscle tissues, electro-excitatory cells, and
some tumor cells. To date, multiple studies have shown that many natural and synthetic compounds
have regulatory effects on ANO1. Therefore, ANO1 could be a potential new drug target
for the treatment of cancer, pain, diarrhea, hypertension, and asthma. In this study, we review the
structure of ANO1 and its involvement in cancer, pain, diarrhea, hypertension, and asthma.
Contrasting Roles of the Galectin-3 in the Schizophrenia Onset, Clinical Presentation, and Somatic Comorbidity
Authors: Borovcanin Milica M. , Radosavljevic Gordana D. , Pantic Jelena , Milovanovic Jelena , Mijailovic Natasa R. , Arsenijevic Aleksandar N. , Arsenijevic Nebojsa N.
Published: July 2021

The role of the Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has already been explored in various somatic diseases,
considering its engagement in infection, acute and chronic inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Additionally, it has been recognized that Gal-3 is included in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration,
so we presented the possibility for its involvement in neuroprogression in schizophrenia.
Gal-3 possibly participates in the early life programming of schizophrenia, also in the specific response
to viral infections as a “second hit” later in life, and as a part of a unique systemic somatic
dysfunction leading to the specific mental changes. In this review, we would like to put all these
previous observations of Gal-3 properties in the context of schizophrenia onset, clinical symptoms
presentation, frequent somatic comorbid states, and future options for Gal-3 centered treatment in
schizophrenia.
Correlates of Infant Feeding Practices Among HIV-positive Mothers and Controls in Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Mohammed A. , Iliyasu Zubairu , Adamu Aishatu L. , Abubakar Isa S. , Salihu Hamisu M. , Aliyu Muktar H.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Despite the global decline in pediatric HIV infections, infants in sub-Saharan
Africa still acquire HIV infection through inappropriate feeding.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to compare knowledge and predictors of infant feeding
behavior between mothers living with HIV and controls of unknown HIV status in Gombe, northeast
Nigeria.

Methods:

A cross-section of clinic-based samples of 84 HIV-positive mothers and 170 controls of
unknown status were interviewed using validated questionnaires. Knowledge scores and self-reported
infant feeding practices were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed
to determine predictors for infant feeding practices.

Results:

Transmission risk perception (95.2% vs. 65.3%) (p<0.05) and adequate knowledge of infant
feeding (77.4% vs. 51.2%) (p<0.05) were higher among HIV-positive mothers than controls.
Compared with mothers of unknown status (56.5%), a higher proportion of HIV-positive mothers
(84.5%) reported breastfeeding the index infant exclusively for 6 months (p<0.05). In contrast,
mixed feeding was more prevalent among controls (19.4% vs. 4.8%) (p<0.05). Further, over a third
(39.3%) of HIV-positive mothers and 27.6% of controls weaned their infants at ≥12 months
(p>0.05). Antenatal attendance, hospital delivery, knowledge, and positive attitude predicted infant
feeding practices in both groups. The predictive roles of education and parity were limited to HIVpositive
mothers, while the effects of maternal age and infant death were restricted to controls.

Conclusion:

Risk perception, knowledge, and exclusive breastfeeding rates were higher among
mothers living with HIV. Antenatal care, hospital delivery, knowledge, and attitude predicted infant
feeding practices in both groups. Girl child education, antenatal care, hospital delivery, and sustained
promotion of exclusive breastfeeding with antiretroviral therapy are key to HIV-free infant
survival.
Pseudo-ginsenoside Rh2 Induces Protective Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells
Authors: Zhang Fuyuan , Xu Huali , Xia Rui , Yu Ping , Li Yuangeng , Yu Xiaofeng , Sui Dayun
Published: July 2021

Background:

Pseudo-ginsenoside-Rh2 (pseudo-G-Rh2), a novel derivative of ginsenoside
Rh2, is reported to exert a pro-apoptotic effect on various malignancies. However, whether
this anti-cancer action of pseudo-G-Rh2 involves autophagy remains to be determined and explored.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to investigate the pseudo-G-Rh2-induced apoptosis and
autophagy and the underlying mechanism.

Methods:

In the present study, the MTT assay was used for evaluating cell viability, and the lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was performed to assess cell toxicity. Autophagy evaluation was performed
using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and transmission electron microscopy
(TEM). The levels of autophagy-associated and apoptosis-associated proteins were determined using
Western blotting. The Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) assay was used to assess apoptosis.

Results:

The Annexin V-FITC/PI assay revealed that the percentage of apoptotic cells in HepG2
cells at concentrations 0, 20, 40, and 60 μM was 3.75%±1.37%, 5.70%±1.04%, 12.30%±2.10%,
and 34.26%±4.73%, respectively. Pseudo-G-Rh2 was observed to significantly increase the expressions
of BAX, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9, while it decreased the Bcl-2 expression.
MDC and TEM analysis revealed that pseudo-G-Rh2 at concentrations 20, 40, and 60 μM significantly
facilitated the accumulation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes within the HepG2 cells.
Moreover, pseudo-G-Rh2 significantly increased the expressions of LC3 II/LC3 I and Beclin-1 and
decreased the expression of p62. The Annexin V-FITC/PI assay also revealed that in comparison to
the pseudo-G-Rh2 group, the concurrent treatment with pseudo-G-Rh2 and an autophagy inhibitor
(CQ or 3-MA) significantly induced distinct apoptosis. In addition, pseudo-G-Rh2 activated
AMPK and inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in a concentration-dependent manner. Pseudo-
G-Rh2 is similar to the current patents, which enhanced its anti-cancer activity by combining
with autophagy inhibitors.

Conclusion:

Pseudo-G-Rh2 could induce protective autophagy in HepG2 cells, at least in part, via
AMPK and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Frequency of blaIMPand blaSPM Metallo-β-Lactamase Genes among Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in Sari, North of Iran
Authors: Bazgir Zahra Norouzi , Ahanjan Mohammad , Goli Hamid Reza , Gholami Mehrdad , Ghasemian Roya , Hashemi-Soteh Mohammad Bagher
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) play a major role in the
resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to carbapenems. We investigated the
antibiotic susceptibility patterns and frequency of MBLs genes (blaIMP and
blaSPM) in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Sari, Iran.

Materials and Methods:

The isolates were identified using standard microbiological
tests, and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by the disk
agar diffusion method according CLSI criteria. Phenotypic identification of
MBL-producing strains assessed by the combined disk test (CDT). Then, polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of blaIMP and blaSPM
genes.

Results:

The highest and lowest levels of antibiotic resistance were observed
against gentamicin (40%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (13%), respectively. Besides,
40 isolates (40%) had the multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotype, while 5
(12.5%) MDR isolates were resistant to all antibiotics tested. The results of the
CDT showed that among 43 carbapenem non-susceptible clinical isolates of P.
aeruginosa, 33 (76.74%) isolates were MBL-producing strains. Also, the frequency
of the blaIMP gene among 43 carbapenem non susceptible isolates was determined
to be 6.97%, while none of these isolates carried the blaSPM gene.

Conclusion:

Due to the high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant and MDR P.
aeruginosa in this study, routine antibiotic susceptibility testing and phenotypic
identification of carbapenemase production by this bacterium are necessary for
the proper selection of antibiotics.
Cinema, percursos e dinâmicas de coprodução com Moçambique: um olhar exploratório
Authors: Balbé Alice Dutra , Trindade Elaine , Macedo Isabel
Published: July 2021

Neste artigo, apresentamos uma breve análise das dinâmicas de coprodução entre Portugal e Moçambique, explorando, em particular, os filmes financiados pelo Instituto do Cinema e do Audiovisual (ICA) no período compreendido entre 2014 e 2020, no âmbito do Programa de Apoio ao Cinema – Modalidade de Apoio à Coprodução com Países de Língua Portuguesa. Ao todo, 16 filmes receberam financiamento do ICA, estando alguns ainda em processo de produção. Cinco são coproduções com participação moçambicana – Vovó dezanove e o segredo do soviético, de João Ribeiro; Desterrados, de Yara Costa; As noites ainda cheiram a pólvora, de Inadelso Cossa; O ancoradouro do tempo, de Sol de Carvalho, e À mesa da unidade popular, de Camilo de Sousa e Isabel de Noronha. A análise documental exploratória (Wolff, 2004) indica que os filmes financiados atualmente abordam temas associados ao colonialismo, mas também a acontecimentos sociopolíticos e culturais atuais. Os documentários moçambicanos, em particular, narram as lutas pela independência em Moçambique, a guerra civil, tendo sido também financiados filmes de ficção que constituem adaptações de obras literárias de autores africanos reconhecidos internacionalmente, como o escritor angolano Ondjaki e o moçambicano Mia Couto.
PECULARITIES OF CARBOHYDRARE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH PROLACTINOMAS DURING SUPRESSIVE AGONIST DOPAMINE’S THERAPY
Authors: Кhyzhnyak O. O. , Gogitidze T. G.
Published: July 2021

The article presents data of carbohydrate metabolism at the stages of long-term (12months) suppressive therapy dopamine agonist cabergoline in 61 patients with prolactinomas. It was proved that the normalization of prolactin levels during therapy reduces fasting glucose, HbA1c of patients, independently of gender. Insulin levels become normal in men with prior hyperinsulinemia and overweight. Pharmacology-induced hypoprolaktinemya not lead to disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.
CHANGES IN THE SYSTEM PLACENTA - FETUS WITH SMOKING PREGNANTS AS BACKGROUND OF THYROPATHIES IN OFFSPRING
Authors: Sergiyenko L. Yu. , Yakovtsova I. I. , Sokolova S. S. , Selyukova N. Yu.
Published: July 2021

It was found that the intake of nicotine by rats of pregnant females in conjunction with a reduction in the volume of food consumed has a significant impact on the system of «placenta – fetus» in offspring of both sexes, significantly reducing the morphological and functional characteristics and capabilities of the placenta due to toxic and vasoconstrictor effects of nicotine. Toxic effects of nicotine, even in low doses, in pregnant females during passive smoking leads to fetal and postnatal death of a high percentage of fetuses and is a predictor of deep changes in the structure and hormone-producing function of the offspring thyroid glands.
PRINCIPLES OF EVIDENCE MEDICINE IN COMPLEX THERAPY FOR DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHY
Authors: Kravchun N. A.
Published: July 2021

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. It is known that DPN not only significantly reduces the quality of life of patients, but also causes more formidable consequences of the disease - diabetic foot syndrome and limb amputation. Given the key role of hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of DPN, the main direction in the prevention and treatment of this condition is adequate control of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.
Cushing’s syndrom (АCTH-ectopic tumor): сase from practice
Authors: Safonova O. V. , Urbanovych A. M.
Published: July 2021

The article describes the clinical case of ectopic Cushing’s syndrome in 29 years old male. The clinical signs of adrenal syndrome (obesity, red strias, myasthenia) were present. During the laboratory examination: ACTH — 12,7 pg/ml (normal:8,3–57,8); the big dexamethasone test was conducted: cortisol before loading — 508,46 ng/ml, cortisol after loading — 392,37 ng/ml (normal 50–250). The topic diagnostics of the source of hypercortitsizm was conducted: ultrasonography of adrenal glands, radiography of the head, magnetic resonance tomography of adrenal glands and pituitary with contrast. The diagnosis was made thanks to examination: Cushing’s disease. The treatment was prescribed (mitotanum, bromcreptinum), however it was not successful: the clinical symptoms persisted and the laboratory indicators did not come back to normal. Since there were no positive dynamic, the levels of ACTH and cortisol were high and clinical symptoms remained, we assumed АCTH-ectopic tumor. The chest and abdominal multi-circle computer tomography with contrast was made for the patient and the bronchogenic carcinoid was identified. The diagnosis was specified: Cushing’s syndrome, ACTH-ectopic tumor (bronchogenic carcinoid). Patient was operated successfully and histological examination confirmed the correct diagnosis. All clinical symptoms regressed after surgical treatment. The peculiarity of this clinical case is that the final diagnosis was made only in one year after appearance of clinical signs which was due to the difficulty of diagnosing various form of Cushing’s syndrome. Magnetic resonance tomography of adrenal glands and pituitary, abdominal ultrasonography, laboratory diagnostic methods didn’t allow to make the correct diagnosis. Only the use of multi-circle computed tomography with contrast has allowed to make the correct diagnosis and conduct effective treatment for the patient
REMOTE HORMONAL EFFECTS OF CYSTIC MOLE AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION
Authors: Lazurenko V. V. , Pasieshvili N. M. , Karpenko V. G. , Starkova I. V.
Published: July 2021

Cystic mole affects various links of endocrine system, stipulating numerous modifications in a female organism and reproductive system, in particular. The purpose of our work was to study the state of menstrual function and to develop methods of its rehabilitation in the women who had cystic mole in their past. 37 women who had cystic mole 1–10 years ago were investigated. The first clinical group included 20 patients who received a complex herbal drug as rehabilitation; the second group consisted of 17 women, they had standard observation of once or twice a year. In addition, with the use of randomized method there was separated the control group (20 healthy women of reproductive age representing the observation part of study design). In the course of the study it has been found out that the tolerated cystic mole results to an unbalance of estradiol and progesterone, produced by ovaries, and it stipulates the disturbance of a menstrual cycle in 45.9 % of cases which show an absence of regular bleedings, an oligomenorrhea or alternating of poor and profuse bleedings. The use of a complex herbal drug after cystic mole within three months eliminates pathological levels of estradiol and progesterone and results in normalizing of a menstrual cycle.
HORMONAL SUPPORT OF ENDOMETRIUM IN IVF CYCLES WITH VITRIFIED EUPLOID BLASTOCYST TRANSFER
Authors: Lutskyi A. S.
Published: July 2021

A total of 100 women with tubal-peritoneal infertility, that were divided into 2 groups, 50 people each, were examined. In the first group, vitrified embryo transfer was carried out in the natural menstrual cycle with minimal LP support. The second group included patients, who underwent endometrial hormonal preparation and LP maintenance. Analysis of the efficiency of embryo transfer (ET) in the cryocycle showed that after the endometrium prepa ration was performed with hormonal preparations (group II) on the ET day, the thickness and structure of the endometrium normalized and practically did not differ from the endometrial thickness in women in the natural menstrual cycle with minimal LF support (I Group). A slight decrease in vascular resistance indices of uterine blood flow during hormonal preparation of the endometrium, compared with the natural cycle, indicates a posi tive effect of hormonal therapy on the structure and function of the endometrium. The results of the analysis of protocols with hormonal preparation of the endometrium and transfer of thawed embryos in the natural menstrual cycle showed the same efficiency in terms of the frequency of preg nancy.