bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assesment of the Historical Erzurum Karaz Bridge in terms of Structural Earthquake Perspective
Authors: Çelebi Oğuzhan , Uğurlu Oğuzhan , AYDIN Abdulkadir Cüneyt
Published: August 2024

They appear to be structures that have a very important place in defining the civilizations that lived on historical buildings. In order to preserve historical buildings and pass them on to future generations, restoration and related strengthening practices are carried out as a result of structural performance analyzes and structural health monitoring studies. In this study, the Historical Karaz Bridge, which is in the form of an arch with a masonry stone wall bearing system and located within the borders of Erzurum Province, Turkey, was evaluated from a seismic perspective. As a result of the evaluations, it was aimed to investigate whether there was a need for reinforcement to protect the cultural structure and structural safety of the Historical Karaz Bridge. In line with the purposes of the research, the time history analysis method was preferred for the seismic evaluation of the Karaz Bridge. For analyzes in the time domain, data from 11 different earthquakes experienced around the world were used by scaling them specific to the structure. Time history analyzes performed according to today's accepted standards have shown that the bridge has limited displacement. In addition, it has been determined that there is limited stress distribution in the supporting support of the Bridge and at the same time, a sufficient damping mechanism has been formed against possible earthquakes. As a result of the study, it was concluded that there was no need for any strengthening process since the Historical Bridge exhibited performance at the usable limit level.
RETRACTED: Molecular Characterization of Resistance and Biofilm Genes of ESKAPE Pathogens Isolated from Clinical Samples Examination of the Effect of Boric Acid on Biofilm Ability by Cell Culture Method
Authors: Celebi Ozgur , Baser Sumeyye , Guler Mustafa Can , Taghizadehghalehjoughi Ali , Rakıcı Erva , Aydın Elif , Celebi Demet
Published: August 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) of Minas Gerais, Brazil: richness and distribution
Authors: Jacques Gabriel Castro , Barbosa Leonardo Dutra , Vilela Diogo Silva , Dobizc Júlio César Moreira , Silveira Luís Cláudio Paterno , de Souza Marcos Magalhães
Published: August 2024

In Minas Gerais state there are three biomes, the Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest and the Caatinga, which are home to significant biological diversity, including social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae). These biomes have suffered significant losses of their original cover due to anthropogenic actions, making it important to understand insect distribution such as social wasps, which justifies carrying out inventory studies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the species richness and distribution of social wasps in Minas Gerais based on a literature review, as well as to add information for an unprotected and transitional area of Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Luminárias, southern Minas Gerais. Our results show that there are inventories in 32 locations in Minas Gerais, both inside and outside Conservation Units (CUs), with a higher concentration in the Atlantic Forest. In total, 118 social wasp species are recorded in the state, and most of them, 74, are considered rare, i.e. occurring in less than 20% of the localities. The Caatinga, along with the protected areas in the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest in the eastern and northeastern parts of the state, is under-sampled. The municipality of Luminárias, despite not being located in a UC, has a considerable richness of rare species, two of which have only been previously recorded in Conservation Units. This allows us to infer that this municipality is home to a relevant vespid fauna for the state, corroborating other studies that suggest the creation of a UC for the region.
Optimization of magnetic and magnetodielectric effect for BiFe(Nd)O 3 nanoparticles
Authors: Mandal Gayatree , Singha Rajkumar , Goswami M N
Published: August 2024

The BiFe1 − xNdxO3 (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12) (BFNO) nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully through the solvothermal technique. The effect of neodymium (Nd) doping on structural, dielectric, magnetic, and magnetodielectric properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) multiferroic nanoparticles has been reported here. The rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirms the formation of rhombohedral crystal structure (R3C space group) of the prepared nanomaterials. The average crystallite size obtained from XRD is in the range of 54 nm to 21 nm for pure and doped materials. The transmission electron microscope (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) of the samples indicate the particle size, high crystallinity, and incorporation of Nd3+ ions respectively. The dielectric parameters and real-imaginary part of impedance behavior point out the transport mechanism of the doped samples. The magnetic and magnetodielectric properties of the doped nanomaterials have been enhanced than the pure BFO. The magnetic moment of BFNO samples increases due to the suppression of oxygen vacancies in accordance with the reduced super-exchange interaction of Fe2+-O-Fe3+. The leakage current and the multiferroic properties have been checked for all the samples at room temperature.
Prediction of curved workpiece-fixture contact stiffness based on fractal theory
Authors: Fang Rui , Liu Haibo , Zhao Jiulong , Chen Ran , Chai Xingliang , Bo Qile , Li Te , Wang Yongqing
Published: August 2024

Workpiece-fixture contact stiffness is an evaluation criterion for machining stability, and its effective prediction involves contact state analysis, surface profile analysis, and modeling of fixture and workpiece geometries, presenting a multi-source complexity. In this paper, a fractal theoretical model of contact stiffness under curved surface contact state is proposed, and the domain expansion factor and substrate deformation are considered to improve the prediction accuracy. First, based on the geometric theory and trigonometric function, the fractal theory model of microconvex body-curved surface contact is established. Then, the curved surface contact is equated to rough curved surface and smooth rigid curved surface, and analyzes the mechanical mechanism of the microconvex body-curved surface contact. Considering the influence of domain expansion factor and substrate deformation on total deformation, a fractal model of curved surface contact stiffness is obtained by force balance constraints. Then, a contact stiffness solution based on the adaptive Simpson's algorithm is proposed. Finally, the support-adsorption composite fixture is developed, and the model is verified through experiments. The results revealed that the average prediction error of the theoretical model is 11.24%. As the fractal dimension increases, the scale factor decreases, the contact stiffness gradually increases, and the fractal dimension is recommended to be limited to 1.7. Clamping force increases, intrinsic frequency and contact stiffness increase. In the case of a small initial support force, the phenomenon of increasing contact stiffness caused by the adsorption effect is more obvious, and the adsorption radius is not recommended to take a smaller value, such as 5-10mm. Support-absorption composite fixture increases contact stiffness while reducing clamping deformation.
A new approach to the recycling of silicon production waste (microsilica) as a raw material for metallurgical processing
Authors: Baisanov Alibek , Vorobkalo Nina , Baisanova Aidana , Mussin Azat , Sharieva Symbat , Makishev Amir
Published: August 2024

This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the use of silicon production waste in the form of microsilica as a raw material for the production of metallurgical grade silicon. It is known from practice that the granulometric composition of microsilica does not allow its use in metallurgical processing. The authors of this work propose its use together with a carbonaceous reducer as part of a briquetted monocharge. In this work, the optimal composition of the charge mixture for briquetting is determined. The main focus is on assessing the strength characteristics of the briquettes and analyzing their efficiency in the silicon smelting process. The strength of the briquettes was studied by compression and drop methods. As a result, in terms of strength and other characteristics, it is highly advisable to use briquettes consisting of microsilica and special coke at a ratio of 65/35%. The obtained batches of high-strength briquettes were tested for the smelting of metallurgical grade silicon in a large-scale laboratory ore-thermal furnace with the aim of replacing the traditional charge mixture (high-quality quartzites, petroleum coke, wood chips, etc.) with monobriquettes. It was established that the briquetted monocharge ensures more intensive reduction processes and improves melting conditions compared to the traditional charge. This leads to higher silicon recovery rates, which was confirmed by tests, during which the maximum recovery rate reached 82.76% with a 30% replacement of the charge with briquettes. Batch of metallurgical silicon with a Si content of 95–96% was obtained.
A β-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthase encoded by DDP1 controls rice anther dehiscence and pollen fertility by maintaining lipid homeostasis in the tapetum
Authors: Xu Yibo , Zhou Shixu , Tian Jingfei , Zhao Wenfeng , Wei Jianxin , He Juan , Tan Wenye , Shang Lianguang , He Xinhua , Li Rongbai , Qin Baoxiang
Published: August 2024

Anther dehiscence and pollen fertility are crucial for male fertility in rice. Here, we studied the function of Defective in Dehiscence and Pollen1 (DDP1), a novel member of the KCS family in rice, in regulating anther dehiscence and pollen fertility. DDP1 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein and is ubiquitously expressed in various organs, predominately in the microspores and tapetum. The ddp1 mutant exhibited partial male sterility attributed to defective anther dehiscence and pollen fertility, which was notably distinct from those observed in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice mutants associated with lipid metabolism. Mutations of DDP1 altered the content and composition of wax on anther epidermis and pollen wall, causing abnormalities in their morphology. Moreover, genes implicated in lipid metabolism, pollen development and anther dehiscence exhibited significantly altered expression levels in the ddp1 mutant. These findings indicate that DDP1 controls anther dehiscence and pollen fertility to ensure normal male development by modulating lipid homeostasis in the tapetum, thereby enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying rice anther dehiscence and pollen fertility.
First Report of Fusarium redolens Causing Fusarium Wilt on Vetch (Vicia sativa)
Authors: Labed Imene , Moustafa BANI , Barboucha Ghozlen , Belkouicem Djouhaina , Boushaba Khaoula , Boumegoura Ali , Zarouri Belkacem
Published: August 2024

Common vetch, or Vicia sativa, is an essential forage legume crop used for livestock production and as a green manure crop. In 2022, fusarium wilt symptoms were observed in vetch fields in Constantine province (Northeastern Algeria). The affected plants showed wilting, yellowing of leaves, vascular discoloration of roots and stems and plant death. Morphological and molecular analysis of two recovered isolates confirmed their identity as Fusarium redolens, these isolates were found to be pathogenic on vetch plants. This study represents the first report of F. redolens as a pathogen on Vicia sativa causing fusarium wilt.
Preclinical Safety Assessment of the Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE in Animal Models
Authors: Yang Yuewen , Zhang Yanlin , Sun Ruixiang , Du Wenjuan , Liu Yangyang , Zheng Lijun , Ren Zhihong , Li Ming ding , Xu Jianguo
Published: August 2024

Probiotics have a long history as fermented food or food supplements. The health benefits and safety profiles of probiotics are strain-specific and should be evaluated individually. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of the Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE (GUANKE) strain by conducting pharmacological studies, oral toxicity assessments, and investigating the colonization and translocation of GUANKE in experimental animal models. Three pharmacological studies were conducted to examine the effects of oral administration of GUANKE on gastric emptying, bile secretion, and gastric juice secretion. In an acute toxicity study, rats were orally administrated with different doses of GUANKE and monitored for 14 days. In the subacute toxicity study, both rats and beagles were administrated with varying doses of GUANKE for 28 consecutive days to evaluate hematologic, biochemical, and histological effects. The results showed that GUANKE administration did not result in any adverse effect on hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, urinary parameters, and organ indices. Importantly, no translocation of GUANKE to extra-intestinal organs or blood was observed following administration of the CSFE-labeled strain. In summary, this study demonstrated the safety of GUANKE intake, which encourages its potential application as a probiotic in clinical trials.
Spatiotemporal variability and change of snowfall in Hokkaido: Effects of air and sea surface temperatures rises, ocean currents, and sea ice
Authors: HIGASHINO MAKOTO
Published: August 2024

The impacts of climate change on snowfall have received great interest in cold regions for water resources and flood risk managements. This study investigates the effects of rises in air and the sea surface temperatures, ocean currents, and sea ice on snowfall in Hokkaido, northern Japan over the period from 1961 to 2020 (60 years). Climate data observed at the 22 weather stations operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) were analyzed. Obtained warming trends at these stations were all positive and statistically significant. Annual snowfall has increased at the 7 stations, whereas, decreased at the 2 stations. Otherwise, snowfall has neither increased nor decreased. It was found that the snowfall period has shortened mainly in the south coast. This is attributed to the fact that these sites are on the leeward side of the Eurasian monsoon and that air temperatures in the coast and the surface temperature of the Sea off Kushiro have risen sufficiently. The results suggest that the flood risk can increase in response to acceleration of the rise in a level of a river due to early melting snow in spring (March and April). Although the weather stations in the east coast are also on the leeward side, the snowfall period has not shortened. The warming trends in April are very weak in the east coast. The East Sakhalin Current come from the northern Sea of Okhotsk and melting sea ice in spring play an important role in keeping the winter period from shortening.
Machine learning models predict the immunotherapy response in tumor based on DNA methylation
Authors: Gu Zheng , Deng Erle , Ai Jing , Wu Fei , Su Qiang , Yu Junxian
Published: August 2024

Background
The epigenetic control of immune responses plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. The need to identify biomarkers and create new predictive models is crucial in order to reliably estimate response rates in tumour immunotherapy, which are currently low.
Methods
We conducted a screening to identify loci that had variable methylation patterns in response to immunotherapy. We next focused on pathways that are relevant to this response and increased their representation.We investigated the expression of methylation loci associated with immunotherapy in tissues.We have also provided a concise overview of the Qtl features associated with several CpG loci.We examined the relationship between the levels of TMB, NeoAg, and PD-L1 and the effectiveness of immunotherapy.Identification of base preferences in DNA sequences by motif analysis allows for the demonstration of unique sequence patterns linked with DNA methylation.We created a total of seven machine learning models, namely Lasso regression, Xgboost, SVM, random forest, KNN, Naive Bayes, and Decision Tree. We then compared their respective functions and choose the best model..
Result
The five CpG loci that exhibited the most significant response to tumour immunotherapy were cg00045061, cg00107488, cg00056433, cg00090974, and cg00072957.We identified the immunotherapy-associated pathway, the ubiquitination-proteasome system, by screening differentially methylated sites.Upon analysis, we observed that the majority of the CpG loci that exhibited differential methylation were situated on the N Shore region of the CpG island.The GO enrichment analysis identified the top two pathways as modulation of microvillus length and CXCR4 chemokine receptor binding.On the whole the Random Forest model is considered the optimal choice for machine learning((Precision: 0.859,F1score: 0.907.Recalling: 0.941,ROC: 0.654).
Conclusion
Tumour methylation sites have the potential to be used as biomarkers for predicting the effectiveness of tumour immunotherapy and for future clinical applications.The Random Forest model is the most optimal choice among many machine learning algorithms for predicting methylation sites in immunotherapy.
Whole genome resequencing reveals Y-chromosome variants in yak: key insights into genetic diversity and population structure
Authors: Mahar Karan , Goli Rangasai Chandra , Gurao Ankita , Kumar Amod , Gowane Gopal Ramdasji , Chitkara Meenakshi , Ahlawat Sonika , Niranjan Saket Kumar , Jagadeesan K , Pundir Rakesh Kumar , Arora Reena , Kataria Ranjit Singh , Dige Mahesh Shivanand
Published: August 2024

Yak, an economically important bovine species considered as the lifeline of the Himalaya. Indeed, this gigantic bovine is neglected because of the scientific intervention for its conservation as well as research documentation for a long time. The Y chromosome is widely recognized for its role in male traits, characterized by paternal inheritance, high mutation rate, and minimal recombination rate or reverse mutation. So, we investigated the Y-chromosome-specific variants in four yak populations namely, Arunachali, Himachali, Ladakhi, and Jinchuan through whole genome resequencing, we identified nearly 274828, 243143, 283774, and 194 228 SNPs, respectively. The intergenic regions held the highest proportion of SNPs, with Jinchuan yaks showing fewer SNPs due to intense selective breeding for reproductive performance and product quality. The Ts/Tv ratios were 1.57, 1.67, 1.55, and 1.99 for Arunachali, Himachali, Ladakhi, and Jinchuan yaks, respectively. SnpEff annotation indicated that most SNPs were intergenic, followed by intronic regions. Key genes identified included ASMT, ASMTL, and SRY, with significant roles in melatonin biosynthesis and male sex determination. Interestingly, we performed Linkage disequilibrium (LD) pruning, which retained only about 20% of SNPs, underscored the complexity of genetic analyses and highlighted the importance of careful LD criteria selection to avoid losing loci under selection. This pioneering mapping of Y-chromosome SNPs in yaks provides essential insights into their genetic landscape and underscores the critical need for precise LD pruning parameters to accurately assess genetic diversity and population differentiation.
Psychological morbidity among coal miners compared to other occupations in Appalachia
Authors: Blanc Paul D. , Trupin Laura , Yelin Edward H. , Katz Patricia P.
Published: August 2024

Objectives
Depressive symptoms, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common morbidities among coal miners, but the risk of these morbidities has not been analyzed relative to other occupations taking into account relevant covariates.
Methods
Using random digit dialing, we surveyed men aged 50 or over with a history of employment who resided in counties in Appalachia with high coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) mortality rates. We used the Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress (PTSD) Screen and the Brief Trauma Questionnaire to query specific traumatic experiences. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire scale to assess depression symptoms and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire to measure anxiety. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed associations between coal mining and depression, anxiety, and PTSD, adjusting for trauma, smoking and demographics.
Results
Of 1,428 participants, 233 (16.3%) reported coal mining employment. Coal mining was associated with increased odds of depression (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.4) and anxiety (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.7). Among those with any trauma (n = 711), coal mining was not associated with increased risk of PTSD (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.5 to 1.3]. Non-coal trauma was associated with three-fold increased odds of anxiety (OR 3.2; 95% CI 2.0 to 5.1); for coal trauma, anxiety was associated with six-fold increased odds (OR 6.0; 95% CI 2.9 to 12.4).
Conclusions
Appalachian region coal miners carry an increased burden of depression and anxiety. This should be recognized by clinicians and at a population level, as worthy of individual and public health intervention.
Temperature dependent survivorship and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera-Noctuidae) on chickpea
Authors: Ahmad Salman
Published: August 2024

Effect of constant temperatures (14°, 16°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 27°, 30°, 32°, 35° and 36°C) on demography and development ofHelicoverpa armigerawas evaluated under laboratory conditions (with 65% RH and 14L:10D h) on chickpea. Potential fecundity (pf) was significantly reduced to 86 females/female/generation at 35ºC compared to 532 at 27ºC. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was minimum (0.0191 females/female/day) at 14ºC and maximum (0.0489) at 30ºC. Estimate of linear regression model showed that lower temperature threshold (Tmin) of egg stage was 7.71ºC. Values of Tminfor 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th instar were estimated as 4.97º, 10.52º, 4.67º, 4.44º, 5.74º and 4.19ºC, respectively. Total heat requirement for embryonic development was 74.07ºC-day. Degree day (DD) estimated by Arnold method showed that 542.75 DD was required by immature stage ofH. armigerato complete its life cycle at 36ºC. Estimates of cubic polynomial model showed that lower temperature threshold (Tmin) required for embryonic development was 8.47ºC and upper temperature threshold (Tmax) was 38.83ºC. Tminrequired for development of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th instar was 9.68º, 8.93º, 10.11º, 12.05º, 9.12º and 10.47ºC, respectively and Tmaxwas 40.84º, 36.53º, 37.38º, 41.59º, 39.53º and 40.26ºC, respectively. It is concluded that pf was maximum at 27ºC while rmat 30ºC. Development ofH. armigeraincreased with increase in temperature and optimum development occurred at the range of 27º to 30ºC. Moreover, demographic parameters ofH. armigeraalong with the thermal effect can be used to develop the models of population growth and prediction.
Extraction of Halite from El-Bardawil Lake, North Sinai, Egypt: Sedimentological attributes and environmental impacts
Authors: Waheed Ahmed , Ghar Mohamed S. Abu El , Hussein Ahmed W.
Published: August 2024

The main goal of the present study is to consider the technology of preparing multi-ecosystem ponds in order to extract pure halite and discuss the sedimentology of this valuable mineral in the shallow modern artificial brine ponds. The lake water passes by three main stages to be prepared and to be ready for extraction of halite from suitable brine solution. The first stage is the concentration stage ponds, where the lake water flows through a series of ponds to increase brine salinity and deposit less soluble salts first (calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate). The other more soluble salts (sodium chloride and magnesium chloride) remain in solution. The second stage is the crystallization stage ponds, where the brine is pumped to solar ponds and left to increase brine density again until most of the halite mineral has crystallized and deposited. The pure halite crystals are crystallized in different sedimentological (e.g., rafts, mounds, cumulates and bottom crusts) and petrographic (e.g., euhedral cubic to subhedral, distorted platy and chevron crystals) forms. Finally, the third stage is the storage ponds, where the residual bittern solution that is left over after recovery of sodium chloride is pumped to storage ponds to precipitate the residual high soluble minerals and salts (magnesium sulphate and magnesium chloride). Saltworks from El-Bardawil Lake don't have economic impact only, but also have environmental impacts through decreasing the salinity of the lake and accordingly kept its ecological systems.
Assessment of information in biological tissues proper to ligands or receptors: A quantitative evaluation in the transgenic animal era
Authors: Watabe Yoshitoku , Takahashi Satoru , Yoshihara Masaharu
Published: August 2024

Objective Transgenic technology has enabled the visualization of signal transduction via ligand—receptor interactions. By using ubiquitous or intrinsic promoters, the impacts of ligand availability and receptor expression on signal transduction can be measured. However, methods for evaluating reporter expression gaps by using these promoters are poorly documented. Here, we applied entropy analysis in an in silico imaginary cell field for future transgenic animal experiments. Results Ligand availability is the bottleneck in signal transduction when intrinsic promoter-driven reporter expression is almost equivalent to ubiquitous promoter-driven reporter expression. Indeed, the mutual information of ubiquitous promoter-driven and intrinsic promoter-driven reporter expression increased as the latter increased. Conversely, receptor expression is the bottleneck when there is a large gap between ubiquitous promoter-driven or intrinsic promoter-driven reporter expression. Importantly, the value of mutual information is dependent on the proportion of ubiquitous promoter-driven reporter expression in the total cells, suggesting that it is necessary to consider ubiquitous promoter-driven reporter expression before evaluating the intrinsic promoter-driven reporter expression and the mutual information. Therefore, the generation of ubiquitous promoter-driven reporter transgenic animals may be useful in the future. In summary, a quantitative method for analyzing the contribution of ligands and receptors in signal transduction that is potentially useful in future transgenic animal experiments is proposed.
Increasing Sensitivity of Winter Wheat Yield to Snow Drought
Authors: Wang Shuo , Chen Huijiao , Zhu Peng , AghaKouchak Amir
Published: August 2024

The global crop ecosystem is critically dependent on snow availability, which has diminished in numerous snow-dependent regions due to increasing snow droughts associated with warmer winters. However, our understanding of crop yield sensitivity to snow droughts and how this sensitivity evolves remains limited. In this study, we find that from 1960 to 2020, approximately 51% of winter wheat croplands have experienced a significant increase (5.3−6.7% per year) in the frequency of snow droughts. To assess the sensitivity of winter wheat yield to snow droughts, we utilized explainable machine learning, gridded yield datasets, and the standardized snow water equivalent index (SWEI) from 1982 to 2016. Our findings reveal a positive association between yield anomalies and SWEI under snow drought conditions and a significant increase in the sensitivity of yield to SWEI over 24% of Northern Hemisphere winter wheat croplands. Additionally, enhanced accumulation of growing degree days, increased vapor pressure deficit (VPD), a slight decrease in total precipitation, and increased heavy rainfall are identified as dominant factors amplifying yield sensitivity to snow droughts. These findings highlight an increasing vulnerability of crop systems to snow droughts over the past three decades, which is crucial for informing risk management and adaptation of agriculture to a warming future with less snow.
Stable Peri-hexacene: A Long-Waited Open-Shell Graphene Fragment
Authors: Zeng Wangdong , Zhang JinJi , Fang Xiaojing , Niu Weiwei , Yu Yiming , Hu Yanlin , Sun Jiawen , Xu Ying , Zhou Zhihua , Zheng Baishu , Jiang Qing , Li Guangwu
Published: August 2024

[n]Peri-acenes ([n]PA) have attracted great interest as promising candidates for nanoelectronics and spintronics. However, the synthesis of large [n]PA (n > 4) is extremely challenging due to their intrinsic open-shell radical character and high reactivity. Herein, we report the successful synthesis and isolation of a derivative (1) of peri-hexacene in crystalline form. The structure of 1 was unequivocally confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Its ground state, aromaticity and photophysical properties were systematically studied by both experimental methods and theoretical calculations. Although the parent peri-hexacene is calculated to have a very large diradical character (y0 = 94.5%), 1 shows reasonable stability (t1/2 = 24 h under ambient conditions) due to the kinetic blocking. 1 exhibited an open-shell singlet ground state with a small singlet-triplet energy gap (-1.33 kcal/mol from SQUID measurements). 1 has also a narrow HOMO-LUMO energy gap (1.05 eV) and displays amphoteric redox behavior. This work opens new avenues for the design and synthesis of stable zigzag-edged graphene-like molecules with significant diradical character.
Chatbot for the Return of Positive Genetic Screening Results for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: a Prompt Engineering Study
Authors: Coen Emma , Fiol Guilherme Del , Kaphingst Kimberly A. , Borsato Emerson , Shannon Jackie , Smith Hadley Stevens , Masino Aaron , Allen Caitlin G.
Published: August 2024

Background
The growing demand for genomic testing and limited access to experts necessitate innovative service models. While chatbots have shown promise in supporting genomic services like pre-test counseling, their use in returning positive genetic results, especially using the more recent large language models (LLMs) remains unexplored.
Objective
This study reports the prompt engineering process and intrinsic evaluation of the LLM component of a chatbot designed to support returning positive population-wide genomic screening results.
Methods
We used a three-step prompt engineering process, including Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and few-shot techniques to develop an open-response chatbot. This was then evaluated using two hypothetical scenarios, with experts rating its performance using a 5-point Likert scale across eight criteria: tone, clarity, program accuracy, domain accuracy, robustness, efficiency, boundaries, and usability.
Results
The chatbot achieved an overall score of 3.88 out of 5 across all criteria and scenarios. The highest ratings were in Tone (4.25), Usability (4.25), and Boundary management (4.0), followed by Efficiency (3.88), Clarity and Robustness (3.81), and Domain Accuracy (3.63). The lowest-rated criterion was Program Accuracy, which scored 3.25.
Discussion
The LLM handled open-ended queries and maintained boundaries, while the lower Program Accuracy rating indicates areas for improvement. Future work will focus on refining prompts, expanding evaluations, and exploring optimal hybrid chatbot designs that integrate LLM components with rule-based chatbot components to enhance genomic service delivery.
A Soviet Schoolbook as a Nostalgia Object in Contemporary Russian Culture
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Dorogavtseva Irina S.
Published: August 2024

The article presents an attempt to analyze nostalgic attitudes in contemporary Russian culture. In the treatment of the term, the author draws on S. Boym’s classification that distinguishes between reflective and restorative nostalgia, as well as on R. Abramov’s works where nostalgia is seen as the reaction on modernization processes. The object under research is a Soviet schoolbook that has recently become popular as a teaching aid in private schools and in widespread homeschooling. The study of positive feedback on Soviet schoolbooks in virtual communities and blogs (“Yandex Zen”, “VK”) allows to highlight the most often named reasons for preferring them to modern ones. Primarily, these are traditional design, strict and explicit rules, limiting the amount of information studied, saving time and learning resources. Summarizing of the data obtained makes it possible to reveal the tendency towards the idealization of the Soviet education system, especially of the period of the 1930s – 1950s, as well as the tendency toward simplification and deceleration of educational process. The influence of post-totalitarian mindset, preserved in modern Russian culture, may be regarded as one of the roots of the negative attitude towards changes in society and, accordingly, in the field of school education. As a result, anti-progressive restorative nostalgia may prevail over reflective one that aims at rethinking the past and integrating it into the present. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of education, as well as to those who study current trends in modern Russian culture
Monitoring the Components of Developing a Healthy Lifestyle for Students
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Popova Natalya N. , Mikhalev Vladimir S. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: August 2024

By updating the practicability of comprehensive support of our country population health, the authors set scientific and practical guidelines for guaranteeing the strengthening of young people health. An analysis of the health risks for student youth is presented, the list of which is specified by authors: lack of motivation for a healthy lifestyle (HLS); passive relaxation in gadgets and destructive attitudes towards professional health. The following methods were used: cross-sectional method; survey, questioning, testing; Pearson correlation analysis. A pilot survey of the main indicators of healthy lifestyle among students at an agricultural university showed deficient state of the problem: weak interest in sports and low physical activity, priority of career, material values and entertainment over health. Based on axiological and activity approaches, the formation of a healthy lifestyle the agricultural university students (value-motivational, activity-based, emotional and cognitive) has been specified, it relies on a system of leading value orientations (life wisdom (p = -0.850) and freedom (p = -0.824)) and inclusion in emotionally and motivationally significant activities (pleasant (p = 0.787), emotionally rich (p = 0.672) and cheerful (p = 0.646) pastime, filled with cognitive activity (p = 0.673) and interesting work (p = 0.564)). Authors describe a system of preventive measures that has a scientific explanation for the effectiveness of developing productive attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle among students. Taking into account the regional characteristics of the organization of educational spaces, reliable diagnostic tools have been developed for monitoring the degree of destructive attitudes of students that affect their health indicators. Authors give recommendations for organizing a system of university processes to develop students’ healthy lifestyle, significantly expanding their awareness of the professional and trans-professional skills of healthy lifestyle culture, techniques and technologies for care of their health.
A ATUAÇÃO DA IGREJA CATÓLICA DIANTE DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA PRODUÇÃO DISCURSIVA DA CNBB
Authors: Hidaka Renato Kendy , Momesso Caroline Cecchin , Moreira Vieira Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar e identificar as formas de atuação da Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana em relação à pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. Algumas questões que nortearam a pesquisa: a Igreja Católica tem se pronunciado em relação à pandemia e à crise sanitária e humanitária no país? Se sim, qual tem sido o conteúdo desses pronunciamentos? Qual é a compreensão que essa instituição religiosa tem desse contexto? De que forma a Igreja Católica tem atuado diante do agravamento da situação? A metodologia adotada para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa consistiu na análise das publicações realizadas pela Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil (CNBB) relativas à pandemia de COVID-19. Entende-se que, ainda que não represente a posição oficial de Roma e não esgote as ações da igreja, as publicações da CNBB são fontes relevantes para compreender o modo como esta instituição social se posicionou no período. Foram utilizadas como fonte de pesquisa as publicações disponíveis no site oficial da CNBB referentes ao período de março a dezembro de 2020.
NÍVEL DE DEGRADABILIDADE DE CASCA DE LARANJA E RESÍDUO DE PODA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE COMPOSTO ORGÂNICO
Authors: Freitas Dantas Gouveia Daniel
Published: August 2024

O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de resíduo orgânico no mundo. A utilização deste na produção de composto orgânico por meio da compostagem é uma alternativa viável para otimizar a produção vegetal frente à alta demanda e os custos dos fertilizantes comerciais. O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a degradabilidade da casca de laranja e resíduo de poda na produção de composto orgânico. Na condução do experimento foram formadas quatro pilhas de resíduos constituindo os tratamentos (T1= 100% casca de laranja; T2= 80% casca de laranja e 20 % resíduo de poda; T3= 70% casca de laranja e 30% resíduo de poda; T4= 50% casca de laranja e 50% resíduo de poda). As pilhas de compostagem foram avaliadas durante 90 dias em pátio de compostagem durante os períodos de março a junho de 2019. As amostras foram coletadas nos tempos 0, 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias para avaliação do pH, nitrogênio total, umidade, matéria orgânica e carbono orgânico total e relação carbono/nitrogênio (C/N). Os tratamentos apresentaram índices adequados destes parâmetros de acordo com a literatura, tornando-os indicados para o uso no solo. No entanto, no T4 foi observado maior equilíbrio durante a degradabilidade do composto devido à concentração dos elementos, balanceando os níveis de nitrogênio e carbono. Conclui-se, portanto, que a casca de laranja e o resíduo de poda são ótimos recursos para formação de composto orgânico por meio da compostagem.
IMPACTOS DA PROFISSÃO DE PROFESSOR NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE DOCENTES DE UMA CIDADE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Érica Prata de Oliveira  , Felipe Moura Parreira  , Caroline Lacerda Alves de Oliveira  , Maria Larissa Bitencourt Vidal  , Wanderson do Amaral Portilho  , Renato Knupp Furtado  , Cristiane Pereira Guimarães  , Lídia Maria Nazaré Alves  , Humberto Vinício Altino Filho
Published: August 2024

Sabe-se o importante papel do professor na formação de cidadãos críticos e suas responsabilidades com o futuro da educação. Aprender a se adaptar as necessidades do mundo moderno sem perder a qualidade do ensino, exige grande dedicação. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos da profissão de professor na qualidade de vida de docentes do município de Manhuaçu/MG. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo pesquisa de levantamento com survey por meio digital. Aplicou um questionário socioeconômico e o questionário WHOQOL-Bref, através de um link distribuído de forma aleatória entre professores da rede pública e privada em todos os níveis educacionais. Os resultados apontaram que professores que atuam na educação infantil, com menos de 40 anos de idade e com mestrado ou doutorado obtiveram resultados melhores de Qualidade de Vida (QV).
O ACESSO DE PACIENTES À PRÓTESE TOTAL E PRÓTESE PARCIAL: ANÁLISE DO PROJETO SIMONÉSIA SORRIDENTE NO MUNICÍPIO DE SIMONÉSIA/MG
Authors: Soraia Ferreira Caetano de Carvalho  , Camilla Jornanda de Oliveira Baia
Published: August 2024

O acesso à saúde é um direito fundamental constitucionalmente previsto, tê-lo garantido é um dever do poder público. O programa Brasil Sorridente, através do convênio aos Laboratórios Regionais de Próteses Dentárias, aumentou o acesso às próteses dentárias removíveis ofertadas pela administração pública. Um grande avanço para promoção à saúde bucal no Brasil, cumprindo assim as bases do Sistema Único de Saúde. O presente estudo visa contribuir para o entendimento do acesso à reabilitação oral através da análise do Projeto “Simonésia Sorridente”, buscando atender os anseios e às necessidades população do município de Simonésia. Para isso foi feito um estudo quali-quantitativo, com método analítico e documental, por meio da revisão bibliográfica presente na literatura pertinente e da análise dos dados numéricos de bases públicas e dos prontuários clínicos do projeto. Além disso, objetivou compreender se a implementação dessa nova política local promoveu o acesso à saúde.
POLIFARMÁCIA: UMA REALIDADE NA CRIAÇÃO DE EQUÍDEOS DE ALTO DESEMPENHO
Authors: Maria Larissa Bitencourt Vidal  , De Souza Marcos Vinícius , Trivellato Lanna Neta Alda , Prata Marco Aurélio , De Souza Mendes Carlos Leandro , De Freitas Espeschit Braga Isis , Lopes Azevedo Pedro , Heitor Emery Gomes
Published: August 2024

A ocorrência de eventos adversos relacionados à administração de fármacos e/ou suplementos é frequente nos equídeos, o que eleva a gravidade de acordo com a complexidade do regime terapêutico. Diariamente, os equídeos de alto desempenho com quadro clínico de diversas afecções simultâneas fazem uso de muitos fármacos e/ou suplementos, o que os torna mais suscetíveis a potenciais interações. Juntamente com a participação quase que semanal desses animais em eventos equestres, surgem inúmeras patologias, o que faz deste grupo os maiores usuários de fármacos e/ou suplementos. Esta alta exigência aumenta o contingente de portadores de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, que demandam intervenções contínuas e na qual os fármacos e suplementos têm um papel importante.  De fato, os riscos pertinentes à utilização inadequada de compostos químicos são maiores nesta categoria animal. Constantemente, nestes animais, observa-se a falta de qualidade da terapia farmacológica, presença de polifarmácia, uso de compostos químicos inadequados e duplicidade terapêutica, o que contribui para um maior risco de reações adversas e interações medicamentosas. Neste contexto, o Médico Veterinário, deve dar atenção especial à polifarmácia e à prescrição de fármacos e/ou suplementos potencialmente inapropriados, para que se alcance, de maneira concreta, um bem-estar ideal.
EDUCAÇÃO SEXUAL NAS ESCOLAS: AINDA É UM TABU?: ANÁLISE DOS DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS ATUAIS
Authors: Teixeira da Silveira Alcione Januária , Mencalha Dornelas de Albergaria Souza Brennda , Trevenzoli Ayram
Published: August 2024

Desde a Lei 5692/71, a educação passou a ser um processo global que visa à formação integral do educando, devendo incluir, portanto, a educação sexual, como parte do processo de formação e Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PNC), que consideram a sexualidade humana como um tema de suma importância para a formação dos alunos. A educação sexual é fundamental na formação do estudante, tanto no aspecto pessoal, como social. E a escola deve contribuir para esta formação. Percebe-se que a dificuldade em trabalhar a educação sexual está relacionada à própria constituição histórica da sexualidade. Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar o trabalho realizado sobre a educação sexual nas escolas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, e para coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário adaptado de (SANTOS, ASSIS, MARRA, OLIVEIRA E PIVA, 2021), com a técnica bola de neve, que foi realizada pela plataforma Survio. Teve como critério de inclusão professores do ensino fundamental que trabalham mais de um ano na rede. Os resultados mostram que 84% das professoras consideram que sua formação inicial não ofereceu subsídios adequados para a tematização da sexualidade na escola. Há compressão de que a escola é um espaço em que as crianças manifestam relações diversas e se deparam com as diferenças, inclusive de gênero. Por isso a relevância de trabalhar a sexualidade no espaço escolar. A principal contribuição da escola e das equipes de formação é criar um espaço de reflexão sobre as diferentes formas de viver a sexualidade a partir do respeito às diferenças ao outro e a si mesmo.
The Influence Of Company Size, Liquidity, Profitability, And Leverage On Islamic Social Report Disclosure
Authors: Rachman Dicky , Afendi Arif , Wahab Wahab , Rasyidin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Purpose - Determine the influence of company size, liquidity, profitability and leverage on Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) disclosure in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2017-2021 period.Method - This study uses a quantitative approach using secondary data. The research sample was selected through purposive sampling method and obtained 10 companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic index.Result - Return on assets has a negative and non-significant impact on the Islamic banks share price in the stock exchanges, the return on equity and price/earnings ratio have a non-significant positive impact on the banks share price, while there is a negative and significant impact between earnings per Share and the banks share price index.Implication - This research becomes information and assessment for companies listed on the JII because information-rich social responsibility reports show the company's commitment to be accepted.Originality - Research on ISR disclosure is still rarely researched, the use of companies listed on the JII is because previous research mostly discussed Islamic banks, while there are still many companies other than Islamic banks. The JII was chosen as the research object because the stock index on JII meets the criteria for the sharia system in the sharia capital market so that it gets attention for Islamic Social Reporting disclosures.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Existence of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT)
Authors: Trihudiyatmanto M.
Published: August 2024

Purpose - This study aims to see the effect of regulation, supervision, institutional capacity on the existence of BMTs in Wonosobo. The data used in this study by distributing questionnaires directly to BMT employees in Wonosobo.Method - The population in this study were all 291 BMT employees. After passing the probability sampling, the sample in this study were 74 employees who worked at BMT Wonosobo. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression, then using descriptive statistical tests, validity tests, reliability tests, goodness of fit tests, classic assumption tests which include: normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, and hypothesis testing including coefficient test determination and significant test of the regression coefficient with a significance f of 5%.Result - The results of this study indicate that regulation, supervision, and capacity have a positive effect on the existence of BMT.Implication - The results of this study are expected to provide benefits to companies, to contribute to the factors that influence the existence of BMT so that they can make the right decisions and policies to make them more optimal.Originality- Research on assessment Existence of BMT with view of regulation and supervision.