bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drivers of Corporate Social Responsibility within Construction Organization in Nigeria
Authors: Ekung Samuel , Ujene Anthony , Ebong Ubong
Published: May 2015

This paper examined the drivers of corporate social responsibility within construction organisations in Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the critical factors driving corporate social responsibility implementation in Nigeria and to examine the level of its uptake. It involved a semi-structured interview conducted on 36 respondents. The sample include 4 key accountable persons in four constructions firms in Akwa Ibom State Nigeria; 16 employees comprising four from each firm and 16 community stakeholders in which these firms had executed projects in the past six years. Qualitative data collected were sorted and interpreted. The need to mitigate community stakeholder‟s risk; government push, competitive advantage and diverting attention of key stakeholders are the key drivers of corporate social responsibility among construction organisations in Nigeria. There is also a wide uptake of corporate social responsibility although with limited implementation in key areas in the social and environmental agendas. Constructions organisations need be innovative in their implementation policy while exploring ways to improve on the agendas where there are lapses in order to be social responsible organisations. The study provides an understanding of the most critical barrier to creating a safe commercial environment devoid of stakeholders‟ opposition.
The Significant of Internet Technology to Education and Students in Acquiring Quality Education
Authors: Abdullahi Salisu , Ransom Emmanuel N. , Kardam M.S.
Published: May 2015

The paper look at how internet technologies provide rich and flexible media for representing what students know and what they are learning. It also discusses the various internet technologies that every educator should understand and its expected use in the classroom with their students. It has also explored the benefits of internet technologies as a tool in teaching learning process and also promotes the opportunities of restructuring the teaching process.
Scaffolding: Using Social Impact Assessment to Map Framework for Construction Stakeholders’ Engagement
Authors: Ekung Samuel , Effiong James
Published: May 2015

Strategy to construction stakeholders’ engagement in Nigeria is anchored on environmental impact assessment (EIA) law. While EIA is conducted only in large projects, every project continues to witness one form of opposition or another from the community stakeholders. This study examined social impact assessment’s (SIA) procedures as a scaffold to mapping framework for construction stakeholders’ engagement. The objectives were to examine problems associated with the implementation of EIA which hitherto ought to address the social risk triggers in project delivery and to develop a framework embedded in SIA for construction stakeholders’ engagement in Nigeria. The study engaged a sample of 46 respondents comprising project managers, environmental management experts and community stakeholders in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria in a qualitative structured interviewing. Collected data were sorted and analysed. The study reveals extant approach to stakeholders’ management failed as a result of low social context and impact mitigation are based on monetary incentives whereas there are relevant urgent needs to be satisfied. A framework integrating SIA procedures and construction stakeholder engagement strategy was also developed based on the peculiarity of the industry needs. The implication is that construction stakeholders’ management must be structured on satisfying real needs of the citizenry.
Computer Education: a Medium for Sustainable Development and Human Capacity Building in Nigeria
Authors: Mamman Maharazu
Published: May 2015

Computer education is one of the main keys to economic development and improvements in human welfare. As global economic competition grows sharper, Computer education becomes an important source of competitive advantage, closely linked to economic growth, and a way for countries to attract jobs and investment. In addition, Computer education appears to be one of the key determinants of lifetime earnings. Countries therefore frequently see raising Computer educational attainment as a way of tackling poverty and deprivation. In developing countries, Computer education is also linked to a whole batch of indicators of human development. The experience of Nigerian economies in particular in the past two decades has demonstrated the benefits that public investment in Computer education can bring. The responsibility of this paper therefore, is to discuss the integration Computer education in teacher education for capacity building and sustainable development. Areas of concern are integration of Computer education in teacher education for capacity building and sustainable development, challenges of Computer education in teacher education, and approaches to Computer education integration. The paper concludes and recommends how to build human resources that will build the nation and bring sustainable development Computer education must be integrated into teacher education and Computer education should be a compulsory subject or course for all students in teacher training institutions.
The Role of Modeling towards Impacting Quality Education
Authors: Salisu Abdullahi , Ransom Emmanuel N.
Published: May 2015

The study examines several models of teaching and learning, the roles of modeling techniques in teaching and learning, and the benefit of modeling techniques; it also gives a demonstration and explanation of modeling technique in children learning.
Depicting the Contrast between America and Europe through Symbolic Characters in The Portrait of a Lady
Authors: Moghadam Davood Mohammadi , Wan Yahya Wan Roselezam
Published: May 2015

Henry James is one of the most prominent American novelists. In spite of a great novelist, he was also one of the important theorists of the novel whose theories were effective in the field of novel. He is mostly famous for his international novels through which he practiced the international theme of ‘America versus Europe’. Through this international theme, James depicts the contrast between America and Europe in his works, while it was defined as the duty of American writers of his days to write about this contrast to show America as separated and distinguished from Europe. The Portrait of a Lady is generally accepted to be James’ masterpiece. In this novel James practices his international them professionally through his common basic pattern of bringing an American young lady into a European society to show the contrast between America and Europe. This American lady in this novel is the heroine, Isabel Archer, who comes to Europe in the search of a better life and a high culture, but finally is deceived by sophisticated Europeans as the result of her innocence. Actually one of the main contrasts shown in this novel is the conflict between American innocence and European sophistication or high culture. This study is going to discuss that one part of this conflict is represented by James through some symbolic characters in this novel. The study is going to focus on Madam Merle and Ralph, and aims to discuss that it is through Isabel’s interaction with these symbolic characters that one part of the contrast between America and Europe is depicted.
Communicational Types of Propaganda
Authors: Vlăduţescu Ştefan
Published: May 2015

On a meta-analytical way, the study inventorizes and organizes the types of propaganda. It configures a communicational-persuasive taxonomy of types of propaganda. For this exploit relevant contributions of some outstanding communication authority propaganda: Sergei Chakotin, Jacques Ellul, Jean Cazeneuve, Garth S. Jowett, Victoria O'Donnell, H.-P. Cathala, J.-M. Sproule, J. E. Combs, D. Nimmo, Cristian Florin Popescu, Călin Hentea. As prototypes of propaganda are recorded vertical and horizontal propaganda; rational and irrational propaganda; propaganda of competition, propaganda of integration and propaganda of subversion; ideological, political, economy, moral, aesthetical, religious, oral, written, visual, audio-visual, organizational propaganda. The core propaganda will always find the target group. How relevant taxonomy is what is done according to the action on the target group: seductive propaganda, propaganda mythical false propaganda, propaganda fiction.
A Comprehensive Radiography of Intoxication as Persuasive Action
Authors: Gasderell John H.
Published: May 2015

The research aims a) to make visible joints of informational intoxication as persuasive communication action and b) to differentiate informational intoxication from disinformation and manipulation. It stresses that the action of intoxication consists in an assembly of informative measures aimed at influencing a target by introducing into its informational flow some information determining the vitiation of the functional decisions through influence. The main ontological elements of the intoxication process are agent of intoxication, target of intoxication, intoxication message, intoxication channel and intoxication situation. The most difficult to realize in informational intoxication is to install, to institute the intoxication situation that situation in which the agent creates attracts the target into deliberately and consciously participating to its own intoxication.
An Operational Approach of Communicational Propaganda
Authors: Gîfu Daniela , Dima Ioan Constantin
Published: May 2015

The study aims to prove that propaganda involves four elementary operations of persuasion into the productive process: lie, fiction, seduction and myth. The main operation appears to be in propaganda: the seduction and myth. The lie and fiction appear as secondary operations. Propaganda operates as a poly-operator system. The operation of seduction presides therein (the principle of contagion, the principle of repletion, the principle of frontal non-contradiction). The operation of mythical induction have an important role (the principle of thematic valorisation of myths), the lie (the principle of distortion) and fiction (a corollary of the principle of denaturation).
Regional Vis-à-Vis Universal Institution for the Protection of Human Rights with Special Reference to Asia
Authors: Kumar Yadav Sanjay
Published: May 2015

Regional institution for the protection of human rights was born in order to overcome the weaknesses of universal institution for the protection of human rights. Regional institutions not only protected the human rights of the people in a effective manner but also give the rights to the individual to move against his own State for the violation of human rights. Regional institution also provide remedy to the individual when he does not get remedy from the national system for the protection of human rights. In Asia there is no regional institution for the protection of human rights. For effective protection and enforcement of human rights there is need to establish a regional institution in Asia.
Gender Participation in University Education in Nigeria: Closing the Gap
Authors: Mukoro Akpoyovwaire Samuel
Published: May 2015

The National Policy on Education stipulated that there is need for equality of educational opportunities to all Nigerian children, irrespective of any real or imagined disabilities, each according to his or her ability. It further stressed that there will be the provision of equal access to educational opportunities for all citizens of the country at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels both inside and outside the formal school system. In spite of this policy commitment there still exists a wide gender disparity in university education in Nigeria. Therefore, this paper examines the concepts of gender and university education. Also, the paper highlights participation in university education by gender and locates the gender participation disparity barriers in university education in Nigeria. The paper concludes by identifying some intervention that can help close the existing gap between male and female in access to university education in Nigeria.
Sandu Frunză: „Advertising and Administration under the Pressure of Ethics” - Book Review
Authors: Vlăduţescu Ştefan
Published: May 2015

„Advertising and Administration under the Pressure of Ethics” (2014) is a book of intellectual elevation and high expression of ideas of Professor Sandu Frunză from Babeş-Bolyai University (Cluj-Napoca, Romania), published to a French publisher, Les Arcs, Editions de la Suers. The zetetic core (inquiry core) is one of ethical theory and applied ethics. It is an ethical theory of the public space and the ethical inflections in the administration, in the advertising area and Bioethics. Overall, the book has cohesion and consistency. Therefore, it is a pleasant and instructive reading.
Elements of Organizational Communication
Authors: Kolcun Michal , Teodorescu Bianca , Gîfu Daniela
Published: May 2015

The organizational communication represents an arbitrated process in which the message is sent to the organization through a planning process and development strategy. The concept of communication has the role to make the connection between people. Human relations are in fact organizational communication interaction; they represent a universal concept because everything in the world is communicated. In a global setting, the information can be common, but also they can adapt in function of the immediate reality. One of the effects of the mass media is to develop the human relations and cultural relations by creating a connection between the members of different community. Communication is an essential condition in human evolution. A communication interaction generates significances, but any human behavior can be seen as an intentional act. A man’s experience of many types of interactions represents his personal system (with subjective preferences and objective preferences). The interaction is a complex system and is represented by the state of homeostasis. Social interaction assumes a communication interaction with social-organizational facts: any actions is based on an idea and express the communication idea.
Impact of Employee Motivation on Employee Performance (A Case Study of Private Firms: Multan District, Pakistan)
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Ahmad Naveed , Abdullah Muhammad , Hamad Naqvi
Published: May 2015

This article is based on the private firms which working in Multan city, Pakistan. In this article all we studied and analyzed all aspects of the employee motivation importance especially in private firms. In Pakistan many employees who are working in private firm (especially in Multan) facing motivational problem. But many private firms working for the employee motivation and encouraging the employees. In this we also mentioned major factors which can help the firms to achieve employee motivation. We also observed employee motivation is so important for the employee’s performance and efficiency and for the private firm’s success. A questionnaire was developed for estimating effect of employee motivation on firm’s performance. Data was collected through convenience sampling method. Our sampled people include both, managers and non managers of private firms in Multan city. This research study will contribute into existing literature through indicating the importance of employee motivation on performance.
Sufi in Masnavi-Ma'navi Rumi's Positive View about Sufi and Sufism
Authors: Ahmadi Zahra
Published: May 2015

Jalal ad-Din Mohammad Balkhi known as one of the great mystics of the seventh century AD, that his work is considered one of the main sources of mysticism. Sufi is one of the key words of his works, especially in the Masnavi. Added on Rumi, the Sufi exploration puts. Added to this is an understanding of the terms and concepts used can be any one of us closer to the truth Sufi knowledge. This article features Sufi Rumi's works show that it is trying the apparent separation of the true Sufi mystic from False Sufis, It review about Rumi's positive view about Sufism and Sufi that came in Rumi's work.
Financial Development and Economic Growth in Developed Countries
Authors: Ghamati Fateme , Mehrara Mohsen
Published: May 2015

Financial development is one of the keys to the long-run economic growth. Since economic growth is one of the important goals of every country, the investigation of the causes of economic growth is vital so that planners and policy makers should pay attention to it. Economists traditionally focusing on the long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth have argued that the development of financial section by efficient resource allocation and financing innovative activities can support and boost economic growth. The relationship between financial development and economic growth is one of the macroeconomic relations which were investigated in empirical studies in Iran and other countries. Some economists believe that financial section has no effect on real section but the literature shows a strong relationship between financial development and economic growth. In this research the effect of indicators of financial development on economic growth of developed countries is investigated by using panel data in 10 chosen countries during 1997-2007. The results show that financial development indicator has an important effect on level of GDP, also other explanatory variables are statistically significant in economic growth. Therefore it can be said that supply of financial markets would boost economic growth.
Conditional Early Release in the Polish Criminal Law
Authors: Kozieł Marlena
Published: May 2015

The purpose of this article is to provide an early parole from the rest of the sentence. Detailed rules are laid down in the criminal code. To prison could be paroled, it should meet certain requirements. The Prison Court decides at the meeting to dismiss. In the case of positive decision, the offender is waiting for a trial period of two to five years. During the period of trial, convict may be under the supervision of the probation officer. In addition, the Court may impose of the convict obligations, that he must perform, for example, he would like to apologize the victim. A period of trial can be performed negatively, if released will commit a crime again.
Risky Sexual Behavior of Modern Teenager’s Current Challenges
Authors: Koskina Darina
Published: May 2015

This article deals with some ways of conceptualizing and prevention of adolescent risky behavior. Specific ways for preventing and managing risky sexual behavior are discussed. Anonymous interviews in Ukrainian schools have demonstrated, that sexual activity (including sexual intercourse) is common among adolescents. The risk is that it may cause diseases in reproductive system and unwanted pregnancy. Modern psychologists are widely attracted to this area because of the revolutionary societal changes during last decades.
Pragmatical Rules for Success in Persuasion
Authors: Gîfu Daniela , Teodorescu Mirela , Ionescu Dan
Published: May 2015

The study reveals how to be successful, how to make friends, how to become influential, which are desires, goals for most of us. There is no manual, no theory, only rules, principles which work like a spell. From Aristotle to the present day we have been looking for the path to success. Persuasion through its mechanisms, strategies and methods, constitutes a way to success. The presentation of these rules, as structure, is based on the concept of "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two" by psychologist George Miller. These rules have been tested in practice, and became the golden rules for those who strived for success. G. B. Shaw remarked: "No one will ever learn what is taught" - learning is an active process, we learn as we act, and only applied science remains in mind. Napoleon Hill said, "Persuasion is the magic ingredient that will help you to forge ahead in your profession or business — and to achieve happy and lasting personal relationships." As we all know, persuasion is the skill of the ultra-prosperous. It is how people gain power and influence. It is how people create staggering wealth — how businesses thrive, how books are published, how properties are purchased, and how Web sites sell millions of dollars worth of product. Persuasion is the life-blood of powerful and effective day-to-day living. The art of persuasion is what makes the world turn (Hill, 1928).
Involvement Load Hypothesis: Word Meaning Retention across Oral and Written Task Types
Authors: Fatalaki Javad Ahmadi
Published: May 2015

Involvement Load Hypothesis for the first time has been proposed by Laufer and Hulstijn (2001). Based on their theory, second language vocabulary learning, consists of three basic components: need, search, and evaluation. Those Tasks which induce a higher involvement load are more effective than those with lower involvement. The important question is that which modality has the higher effect on task involvement load? In order to answer this question, this study aims at discussing the effect of modality-based activities, that is, Listening and Reading, on task-induced involvement on vocabulary learning of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners. To do so, 36 EFL learners from three branches of an English institute were selected. In order to have a more homogeneous sample population Nelson‟s (1977) placement test was administered. Based on their scores, students were classified into two high and low proficient groups. Then participants were then randomly assigned to two groups: The first group receives reading input and the second group receives listening input. The comparison of the students‟ performance in the immediate posttests revealed that the students who received reading task were more successful in the retention of newly-learned vocabularies and there wasn‟t significance difference between groups after the delayed posttest.
Presenting a Conceptual Model to Explain the Role of Strategic Management and Planning in Islamic Banking Competitiveness
Authors: Seyed-Javadin Seyed Reza , Raei Reza , Iravani Mohammad Javad , Safari Mohammad
Published: May 2015

Financial system is the heart of any economy. To superior performance in the national and local level it is essential to have an efficient and convenient banking system. What this study aimed to discuss is that strategic management principles, content and benefits should be considered in order to achieve a higher successfulness in the Islamic banking planning, implementation and control. In today financial services market lack of strategic and long term visions and planning is one of the challenges and problems related to the Islamic banking. Thus this paper aimed at present the theoretical framework to illustrate the key role of strategic management and planning in the Islamic banking successful management and implementation. In order to present the framework this study using qualitative method, based on the detailed literature review and previous researches according to the identified models of both strategic management and competitive advantage final theoretical model has been provided. Strategic management with its unique features is primary designed to help the organization operate successfully in dynamic, complex environment especially in the financial and banking markets. Strategic management links the basic elements of an organization so integrated that breakthrough in turbulent business environment can be achieved.
Musharka Financing for Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Nadeem , Haider Najeeb , Akhtar Muhammad Ramzan , Karim Sumia Hafiz Abdul
Published: May 2015

Unemployment, with other factors, leads to poverty. Poverty is an important characteristics of the developing countries including Islamic countries. Poverty causes human degradation in all aspects of life. It causes widespread diseaes and ignorance which contributes in lowering physical productivity and income level. In this way, poverty perpetuates overtime. Poverty eradication needs expansion of SMEs. SMEs need less capital and create more jobs in society. Employment opportunities increase as the SMEs spread in the country. The economic impact of SMEs can be measured by their contribution to output, employment, income, investment, export and other economic indicators. But expansion of SMEs needs flow of financial resources. Current arrangement of SMEs are linked to commercial banks. Commercial Banks do not find practicable to finance SMEs because processing case for small loans, their monitoring and recovery is costly to them. A comparison between Grameen Bank Methodology and Sudanees Islamic Bank is discussed in the paper. SMEs are financed through various institutions of Islamic financing. Among their institutions, Musharka financing is an effectiveinstument. Therefore, the paper is interested to explore the issue of Musharka financing for financing SMEs in Pakistan. The paper discusses both theoritcal and practical aspects of Musharka financing. In the above back ground this paper focuses on financial problem in the light of Islamic finance. It is the content of the paper that Islamic financial framework is better alternative to micro credit programmes. To alliviate the poverty, SMEs sector can play a better role which is facing the shortage of credit.
Harnessing Mineral Resources in Gwanda District of Zimbabwe: A Myth or a Reality?
Authors: Moyo Funa , Mabhena Clifford
Published: May 2015

The article examines strategies of harnessing mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development in mining areas of Zimbabwe. Despite abundant mineral resources, the majority of Zimbabwean indigenous communities living close to the mines have limited access to directly or indirectly benefit from the mineral resources. Using a descriptive survey to collect data, this research article gives a strong proposition on how the Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act can be used as a vehicle of harnessing mineral resources. The article argues that pro poor mining policies that ensure the harnessing of mineral resources for community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development are paramount. The article further argues that the Indigenous and Economic Empowerment Act needs to be harmonised with other sector legislation in the country. The article concludes that the development of infrastructure and provision of public utilities such as electricity, water, establishing micro-credit to small and medium enterprises and implementing broad-based indigenisation policies are some of the strategies of improving rural livelihoods. Similarly direct and indirect linkages between the mining sector and local economy could be enhanced through the provision of food supply to the mine, manufacture of mining inputs, provision of security services and supply of labour by the local community. The article recommends that the harmonisation of legislation that has an effect on harnessing of mineral resources by local communities will ensure community empowerment, poverty reduction and infrastructure development.
Hierarchy of Values of Students in Selected Countries of Middle-Eastern Europe in the Context of the Public Trust
Authors: Borowski Andrzej
Published: May 2015

Social trust is related with phenomenon strictly, in Central Europe from over 20 years of social change getting. I have devoted problems of social trust in international investigative project 2009-2012 taking part concerning perception category social trust including country post-communist particular note and from these countries systems of values of young people. Values are declared present by students in daily life frequently definitely than in functioning social structure at the nature institutional-organizational.
Violence and Communication
Authors: Novak-Marcincin Jozef , Gîfu Daniela , Teodorescu Mirela
Published: May 2015

The study sets to catagrafy the “violence” phenomenon in actual human society. The diversity of violence types, the education segments, the age segments who aggress and who are aggressed, get more and more extended. The social context is crucial for both the performance and understanding of violence. The term „senseless violence‟ is often heard in cases where a serious violent incident was apparently unprovoked or has emerged from “insignificant” insults or altercation. The notion of “senseless” violence is, by implication, contrasted to some other „reasonable‟ kind, or perhaps suggests that what we find repugnant needs to be placed beyond the bound of sense. Most people probably have a wordless conception of what is a reasonable response to offence or provocation, for example, a fatal shooting following an altercation over a parking place appears inexplicable and senseless. Still many acts of extreme violence occur in response to apparently minor incidents and violence nearly always has “sense”, that is, social meaning, to both perpetrators and victims. The targets of violence are rarely chosen randomly and the victims and perpetrators are frequently already known to each other. In some cases the attribution “senseless” refers to an assumed mental illness or other pathology that might account for otherwise incomprehensible behavior. Human society registered besides direct violence: war, murder, rape, assault, verbal attacks, that is the kind that we physically perceive, another two invisible forms and can‟t be eliminated without eliminating them, cultural violence and structural violence. Direct violence has its roots in cultural and structural violence; then it feeds back and strengthens them. All three forms interact as a triad. Direct violence reinforces structural and cultural violence. We are trapped in a vicious cycle that is now threatening to destroy life on earth.
Cross Border Tourism in Nigeria Border State and its Socio-Economic Impact on Development
Authors: Tobora Omolomo Odunayo
Published: May 2015

Tourism is very vibrant sector in the world economy apart from contributing significantly to the Gross domestic product (GDP) of many countries, it provides employment for a huge percentage of the world populate. Cross boarder tourism can be defined as the activities of persons traveling across the broader to stay in places outside their usual environment for a reasonable period of time. The objective of this paper is to examine impact of socio-economic of tourism in Lagos Simple random sampling technique will be use in the selection of respondents qualitative interview method will be adopted. Data will be analyzed using percentile and chi-square. The study revealed among other things that tourism had been found to a great player in the economy an endowed nation. Essentially, the study discovered that the nation stand to gain economically from this sector if it is properly developed. In the conclusion, I will present research approach employed for validating conceptual research framework.
A Fly over the Barriers of Communication
Authors: Teodorescu Bianca , Păun Mihaela Gabriela
Published: May 2015

Communication has a number of features: unites people to send messages. In the process of communication exists different types of communication based on verbal and non-verbal actions. The process of communication occurs in a psychological, social, cultural and physical space. Another important feature about this process, is that the communication is characterized also through dynamism; it consists in the evolution and change of persons that are involved. The quality and quantity of the information theoretical substantiate the value. Any classification of the information is based on two existing forms: scale and complexity. The structure of communication and information is defined in theories and is redefined through analogy and generalization in science. Knowledge the object of communication means to understand how the process of communication is released.
Understanding the Challenges of Science Education in the 21st Century: New Opportunities for Scientific Literacy
Authors: McFarlane Donovan A.
Published: May 2015

This essay examines the challenges of science education in the 21st century with regard to social, cultural, economic, political and pedagogical issues impacting and influencing instructional methodology and understanding of the role of science education as it affects individual, social organizational and societal progress and functions. Drawing upon some strong practical, philosophical, and pedagogical-methodological and theoretical ideas and propositions from Hodson, as espoused in his book Looking to the Future: Building a Curriculum for Social Activism, the author essentially responds to this extremely rich scholarly volume in scientific literacy, philosophy, and history by supporting Hodson’s advocacy of an action-oriented and issues-based curriculum as the key to renewing and activating scientific literacy to increase students’ performance and national competitiveness in the global economy. The author extricates from literature, not only strong rationale for the renewal and transformational of science education in terms of perspective and approach, but also takes a critical approach in examining some of Hodson’s contentions regarding strategies in confronting socioscientifc issues as major pathways to the teaching and learning of science. The author examines problems, challenges, and the new opportunities that have emerged and are emerging in contemporary environmental, social, cultural and political contexts for science education to experience transformation in several ways: as a field of study, as an applied body of knowledge, as a way of living and as a competitive tool and strategy important to national goals and posterity.
Association between Career Program, Support for Career Development and Commitment with Career Choice
Authors: Ismail Azman , Adnan Nurrul Hayati , Wan Mohd Nowalid Wan Aishah , Mohd Sukor Nurhafizah , Ab Ghani Asmuni
Published: May 2015

This study assesses the association between career program, support for career development and commitment with career choice. Self-report questionnaires were used to collect data from university staff. The SmartPLS path model analysis was employed to test the research hypotheses and outcomes of this test confirmed that linking career program to support for career development has been an important antecedent of commitment with career choice in the studied organization. Discussion on the findings, implications and conclusion of the study are elaborated.
Risk and Financial Management Practice in the Construction Sector in Nigeria, System Thinking Perspective
Authors: Ekung Samuel B.
Published: May 2015

Risk and financial management of construction projects have been widely studied using different approaches and systems. Three basic frontiers underpin project management research in this area: normative; descriptive; and instrumental. The descriptive approach deals with how project managers perceive and represent risks that is, risk analysis. Instrumental approach study’s the impact of risk management on projects and the organisation. This perspective informs the premise in which studies that seek to justify the need for risk management are based. The normative approach identifies the moral and ethical linkages between the individual, organisations and supra system and risk management practice. While a vast of number of studies have been descriptive and instrumental, very few however address systemic issues impacting risk and financial management practice. This paper sets out to reflect on the risk and financial management practice in Nigeria using system approaches. It is a critical appraisal involving SLEEPT, Multiple goal and the GESTALT theories. In reprising the problem, the report assessed the national economy of Nigeria using SLEEPT, with a view to establishing whether it is situated in extremistan or mediocristan. The organisation, a sub-system of the supra system is evaluated to establish its links with the supra system using GESTALT. A refinement is carried out based on these analyses in order to achieve congruence and to establish a baseline upon which risk and financial can be improved. The analysis reveals social, political, environmental and economic context of the supra system are in extremistan while the legal and technology are in mediocristan. The linkage in the different systems is anchored on decision making by the individual. Optimal decision making is therefore formulated using interactive framework.
Psychosocial Problems among Survivors and Suggested Interventions for Coping with Child Sacrifice in Uganda
Authors: Luwangula Ronald , Bukuluki Paul , Twesigye Justus
Published: May 2015

Child sacrifice remains a profound challenge to human socio-cultural rights. The increasing problem manifests in several dimensions. It results to death of some children, disappearance of others, children with life-time deformations and/or irreversible disabilities, to the detriment of the child and his/her immediate and extended families. Each child and family victim faces unique and diverse traumatic experiences and peculiar challenges, so are the coping mechanisms, where coping ever occurs. This paper identifies some of the challenges contingent upon cases illustrated. Analysis of the challenges faced and possible coping is guided by a framework of theories that underpin coping with traumatic experiences. These include; the play therapy for children, cognitive-behavioural therapy, the stage specific model, narrative coping mechanisms, and support and self-help groups therapy. Hence, a reflection on how the victims, survivors and their families/caregivers actually cope in practice, based on documented cases is made.
Architecture of Political Legal Communication
Authors: Nicolescu Adrian , Teodorescu Mirela , Gîfu Daniela
Published: May 2015

Political communication has its roots to the earliest classical studies of Aristotle and Plato, modern political communication research is very much an interdisciplinary field of study, drawing on concepts from communication, political science, journalism, sociology, psychology, history, rhetoric, and other fields. In their seminal Handbook of Political Communication, Nimmo and Sanders (1981) traced the development of the field as an academic discipline in the latter half of the 20th century, and other scholars have described the breadth and scope of political communication (Kaid, 1996; Swanson & Nimmo, 1990). There have been advanced many definitions of political communication but none has gained universal acceptance. Perhaps the best is the simplest: Chaffee’s (1975) suggestion that political communication is the “role of communication in the political process”. The current study intend to do a presentation of message hermeneutics, interpretation and discourse architecture customized for a political one.
Challenges Faced by Entrepreneurs and the Performance of Small and Medium Scale (SMEs) in Nigeria: An Intellectual Capital Issue
Authors: Tobora Omolomo Odunayo
Published: May 2015

An entrepreneur is one who contributes significantly more than others to the economy by virtue of innovation and realizing new combinations. Which involve creation of a new product, a new method of production, the opening of a new market, the capture of a new source of supply, or a new organization of industry. Entrepreneurship of SMEs performance in knowledge-based economy. In addition, this study also explores the challenges which are facing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. The significance of the study will add to the knowledge about current issues relating to SMEs in Nigeria The main thrust of this study is challenging which face Entrepreneur of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) on business performance in Nigeria.
“Next Flood Level of Communication: Social Networks”- A Review
Authors: Novak-Marcincin Jozef , Gîfu Daniela , Teodorescu Mirela
Published: May 2015

“Next Flood Level of Communication: Social Networks” (2013) published by Shaker Verlag, by Professor Ştefan Vlăduţescu from University of Craiova and Professor Ella Magdalena Ciuperca from National Academy of Intelligence “Mihai Viteazul” Bucuresti, is a book of intellectual elevation and high expression of ideas. The authors’ hypothesis and the nuclear idea of their book is that by their amplitude, by their performance, and by their self-generating, self-organization and self-improvement capabilities, social networks are the next flood level of communication. “The observational-wave of hypothesis is reinforced by an interrogative wave: what is next after next? If "End of Metaphysics" in Martin Heidegger is perfection of metaphysics, if the "End of History" in Francis Fukuyama is perfection of history, we believe that "next flood level" is neither the last level, nor the perfect level of communication” asserts the authors. Social network is not quite the perfection it is only the configured direction to untouchable perfection. Social network is the path to perfection in constant concern itself, in self-knowledge, and in self-superior capitalization of humanity as a whole, of humanity as a global, integrated and homogeneous and with obvious nuclei of heterogeneity macro-social network. However, next of the next is something, at the same time apparent and hidden, from the actual potential of the current concrete. The future always has its seeds in the past and the present.
A Study of Chekhovian Elements in Radi's Drama
Authors: Fard Maryam Heydari
Published: May 2015

As one of the outstanding Iranian playwrights, Akbar Radi (1939-2007) is known to be influenced by Henrik Ibsen and Anton Chekhov. Occasionally by his critics, he was called as "The Persian Chekhov" but they never expounded comprehensively the details of the given epithet which might be derived from similarities, influences and inspirations among Radi and Chekov. By analyzing these similarity cases, this essay attempts to figure out whether this resemblance is resulted from the conscious impressionability. Or otherwise, the similar life conditions of the authors – which caused their parallel worldviews – are displayed in the world of their plays. By analyzing the social, economical and geographical conditions of the authors' lives and also studying the resemblance of the content of their works which consist of different aspects of characterization in their plays and also examining the structure and diction of their plays; this essay is going to give a comprehensive view of the epithet of "The Persian Chekhov".
Effectiveness of Group Cognitive - Behavioral Therapy on Reducing Depression
Authors: Khairkhah Zeinab , Borjali Ahmad , Sohrabi Faramarz
Published: May 2015

The present research was done with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group Cognitive – Behavioral therapy on reducing depression and its subscales (emotional symptoms, cognitive symptoms and physical symptoms) among the wives of the martyrs in the city of Tehran. First, 200 wives of the martyrs were randomly selected from among the wives of the martyrs who had referred to the counseling center of the Foundation of Martyrs and the questionnaire of depression was administered on them. The subjects whose level of depression was higher than the average level were determined and from among them 60 people were randomly chosen and later they were divided into two equal groups and from these two groups, by drawing one group was selected as the experimental and the other was selected as the control group. In the pretest stage, the questionnaire was administered on the subjects and the experimental group was placed under training, i.e. group cognitive-behavioral therapy, while the control group received no such therapy. In the posttest stage, the questionnaire of depression was carried out on both groups and one month later, the follow up stage was administered. Findings revealed that training group cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective on decreasing depression on the wives of the martyrs in Tehran. Findings also indicated depression among the experimental group and in the follow up stage they enjoyed necessary constancy. It is concluded that the group cognitive-behavioral therapy has considerably diminished depression among the wives.
A Unifying Field in Logics - Book Review
Authors: Nicolescu Adrian , Teodorescu Mirela
Published: May 2015

Paradoxism is an avant-garde movement in literature, art, philosophy, science, based on excessive use of antitheses, antinomies, contradictions, parables, odds, paradoxes in creations. It was set up and led by the writer Florentin Smarandache since 1980's, who said: "The goal is to enlargement of the artistic sphere through non-artistic elements. But especially the counter-time, counter-sense creation. Also, to experiment." Paradoxism = paradox + ism, means the theory and school of using paradoxes in literary, artistic, philosophical, scientific creations. "Paradoxism started as an anti-totalitarian protest against a closed society, Romania of 1980's, where the whole culture was manipulated by a small group. Only their ideas and their publications counted. We couldn't publish almost anything. Later, I based it on contradictions. Why? Because we lived in that society a double life: an official one - propagated by the political system, and another one real. In mass-media it was promulgated that 'our life is wonderful', but in reality 'our life was miserable'. The paradox flourishing!” (Florentin Smarandache). The new theory generalizes the fuzzy logic and introduces also two new concepts: “neutrosophy”, the study of neutralities as an extension of dialectics and its derivative “neutrosophic”, such as “neutrosophic logic”, neutrosophic set”, “neutrosophic probability”, and “neutrosophic statistics” opening in this manner ways of research in four fields: philosophy, logics, set theory and probability/statistics. According to this new theory is also available Albers Einstein’s statement: “Not everything that can be controled counts and not everything that counts can be counted “