bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización molecular de Phytophthora cinnamomi causante de la pudrición radical de Annona cherimola L. en la costa central del Perú
Authors: Calle-Cheje Yuri , Aguilar-Anccota René , Rafael-Rutte Robert , Silupú-Masías José , Morales-Pizarro Arturo , Medina-Guerrero Merici
Published: January 2025

La Chirimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) es una planta que se cultiva principalmente en los valles interandinos de la región Lima, Perú, que presentan condiciones adecuadas para su producción. Sin embargo, estas condiciones, también, favorecen el desarrollo de patógenos que causan el decaimiento y muerte de las plantas de chirimoya. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar molecularmente el agente causal de la pudrición de la raíz de chirimoya. Se recolectaron raicillas de chirimoya con síntomas leves y severos de pudrición de los valles: Huanangui, San Antonio de Cumbe y Huaral, Lima. En medio PDA y V8 se obtuvieron siete aislados de Phytophthora con micelio coraloide, petiolado, hifas cenocíticas con hinchamientos hifales, esporangios obpiriformes, ovoide sin papilas y con clamidosporas globosas. Las regiones de la subunidad II del citocromo oxidasa (Cox2) y del factor de elongación alfa 1 (EF1-α) se amplificaron utilizando los primers FM75, FM78, EF1AF y EF1AR. Las secuencias obtenidas mostraron una similitud del 99,22 al 99,87 % para Cox2 y del 99,04 al 100 % con EF1-α para Phytophthora cinnamomi. El árbol filogenético mostró una topología congruente con las accesiones de Phytophthora. Se concluye que P. cinnamomi es el causante de la pudrición de la raíz, siendo este el primer reporte sobre la presencia de este patógeno en plantas de chirimoya en el Perú.
Managing powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) of blackberry (Rubus glaucus). A participatory research approach
Authors: Telenchana Tiban Miguel A. , Granja Eliana , Bolaños Carriel Carlos A. , García Ligia
Published: January 2025

Blackberries are a key source of income for many families, including small and medium-sized producers in Ecuador. There has been a growing need to contribute to research on controlling a disease, powdery mildew, that has been causing significant production losses in recent years. The country has approximately 5,000 hectares of blackberry crops, involving around 15,000 producers in the Ecuadorian highlands. This research was conducted to evaluate the chemical control of powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) in blackberry (Rubus glaucus) using participatory research.  A completely randomized block design was used with 3 treatments, 3 repetitions at each parcel of seven participant farmers. Three fungicide molecules were tested: Accord (difenoconazole), Sulflox (micronized sulfur), and ZT (hydrogen peroxide–27 %). The applications of fungicides were carried out two times and incidence and severity data were taken at 5 and 15 days. For yield, blackberries were counted and weighted. Initial and final surveys to farmers were carried out, accompanied by training.  Analysis of variance and Tukey's test (a = 0.05) were done for incidence, severity, and yield. Participatory research was detailed by means of previous knowledge and the assimilation of chemical treatment for powdery mildew. The best product for control of powdery mildew in all localities was Accord (difenoconazole). San José location had the best control of incidence (15.7 %). Farmers successfully complied with re-entry period in their orchards, in addition to adding Accord to their chemical control of powdery mildew.
Study of the effectiveness of comprehensive measures to control Sosnovsky's hogwh in the conditions of the Moscow region
Authors:   Educational and Experimental Soil and Ecological Center of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zagoruiko Mikhail , Sinikh Yuri , Denisova Galina
Published: January 2025

This article describes in detail the history of the study of Sosnowski's hogweed (Heraculum sosnowskyi) as a species, which is a historical research method. The reasons for its use in agriculture are determined, and an assumption is made about the reasons for its acquisition of elements of invasiveness. A detailed analysis of the methods of combating Heraculum sosnowskyi has been carried out, an environmental assessment of various approaches has been given, which is a comparative research method. The analysis of the use of Heraculum sosnowsky in various fields from medicine to the cultural and aesthetic aspect is carried out. The result of the experiment should be a large array of data that will allow for statistical reliability to analyze the dynamics of soil changes, the number of Heraculum sosnowskyi, to make an economic analysis of various control measures and environmental damage, which will be a numerical and statistical research method.

Keywords: HERACULUM SOSNOWSKY, HERACULUM MANTEGAZZIANUM, HERACULUM PERSICUM, HERACULUM SPHONDYLIUM (SIBIRICUM), HERACULUM MAXIMUM, CONTROL MEASURES, AGRICULTURAL ERRORS, HARM OF HERBICIDES, ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL METHODS
Diseño paramétrico de interfases no invasivas para soporte ventilatorio de pacientes con distrofia muscular de Duchenne. Etapa preclínica
Authors: Prado Atlagic Francisco , Ramírez Córdova Mauricio , Huerta-Armijo Antonio , Valdebenito Parra Carlos , Encina Pacheco Felipe
Published: January 2025

El soporte ventilatorio no invasivo (SVN) es una herramienta fundamental para que personas con distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) mejoren tanto la sobrevida como calidad de vida. El uso de interfases de fabricación personalizadas, para el SVN en su inicio y mantención durante la transición a la adultez, puede aumentar la adherencia a la ventilación. El objetivo fue describir el proceso de diseño industrial personalizado y preclínico de un artefacto (interfaz) funcional y ergonómico que pueda ser evaluado para el SVN. Utilizando la morfología facial del propio diseñador se realizó escaneo maxilofacial por tomografía axial computada (TAC) para la obtención de imágenes, que permita modelar una interfaz facial nasobucal, hecha en impresión 3D, con moldeo por filamentos de ácido poliláctico (PLA). Se obtuvo una interfaz ergonómica, con un polímero fácilmente adaptable a la cara, sujeto por un arnés estándar, cómoda y conectable a cualquier circuito universal de ventilación. Se estableció la factibilidad de un proceso de diseño industrial replicable, para la generación de una interfaz personalizada, con potencial aplicación clínica en el ámbito de las dependencias tecnológicas, SVN, en personas que transiten de la adolescencia a la adultez, como es la DMD.
Touching the Lives of Learners from Head to Soul: An Autoethnographic Reflections
Authors: Sunar Pushpa Kumari
Published: January 2025

Teaching has become one of the most complex professions globally due to the need for learners in the changing world. The current need of learners is focused on developing 21st-century skills rather than rote memorizing. However, in the case of Nepal, the pedagogical practice is still dominated by a teacher-centric approach focused on technical interests (For example, the Banking model, lecture method, and one-size-fits-all) in most schools. Thus, making learners passive and disengaged in the learning process. Hence, this paper aims to advocate for a shift in the pedagogical practices from technical to critical. Using autoethnography, I critically reflected on my 17 years of experience in education as a teacher, teacher educator, and school leader through the lens of Habermas’ theory of human interest and Mezirow’s transformative learning theory. My story is characterized by perseverance, self-realization, and transformation as I began to play the role of a change agent to advocate critical pedagogy. I have presented my stories in three sections with some art integration (Poem): 1. How I became a teacher, and what kept me going? 2. What poked me to change my despotic teaching self? 3. Why and how am I advocating critical pedagogy? This study recommends that all teachers and educators critically reflect on their practices to transform their pedagogical practices from teacher-centric to learner-centric and create a holistic learning environment.
From Personal Anguish to Self-indulgence : Narcissism as a Methodological Challenge in Autoethnography
Authors: Dhakal Shankar , Panta Chet Nath
Published: January 2025

Autoethnographic inquiry as a journey of unfolding self and others allows researchers to delve into their introspective exploration and situate them within their broader social, political, and cultural milieu. This paper explores the intricate landscapes of the research method by illuminating the role narcissism could play as a daunting methodological challenge within the research endeavor. The paper provides approaches to address those methodological challenges of self-indulgence and biased subjectivity to enhance the validity and rigor of the research by emphasising the importance of critical reflexivity, self-critique, and the incorporation of diverse perspectives wherever and whenever possible. In so doing, it seeks to contribute to the ongoing scholarly discourse surrounding the advantages, constraints, and credibility of autoethnography as a legitimate method of inquiry.
What Roles Do Researchers Adopt in Collaborative Research? A Book Review of Collaborative Autoethnography
Authors: Limbu Sudarsan
Published: January 2025

I offer this review of the book Collaborative Autoethnography to diverse readers. The book Collaborative Autoethnography presents a framework for collaborative autoethnographers at all levels, from novice to advanced multidisciplinary scholars. This book provides in-depth insights into the entire process, from an introduction to collaborative autoethnography (CAE), preparation, and post-collaborative autoethnography writing. It highlights the significance of prior awareness of CAE for identifying the type of CAE, defining the roles and boundaries of the researchers, and involvement in pre-CAE, during-CAE, and post-CAE writing. I emphasize that understanding an individual's position within collaborative work is dominant before or during the process. This review features the CAE writing and the collaborative model—whether partial or full collaboration—and strongly underlines the importance of understanding the researchers' roles in CAE. Furthermore, this review aims to provide a clear and academic perspective on the book and its contributions to collaborative autoethnography. I found this book immensely valuable, especially for CAE practitioners, and I highly recommend it to anyone interested in subscribing to CAE as research methodology.
In vitro antibiofilm activity of eggshells derived nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Suhaimi Nursyamimi Nasuha , Tarmizi Nur Hazirah , Zulkifli Nur Farahim , Amana Allah Nur Ili Aqilah , Harun Fakhrul Aimanulhakim , Hanafee Siti Nur’aisyah Muhamad , Zulkepli Nur Ayunie , Salim Fatimah , Mokhtar Norehan
Published: January 2025

Dental caries, a highly prevalent oral health condition worldwide, is primarily driven by the biofilm-forming abilities of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. The interest in eggshell extracts has grown in recent years due to their potential benefits for oral health. Therefore, this study investigated the potential of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) derived from eggshells in combating bacterial infections and inhibiting biofilm formation by the selected cariogenic bacteria. The antibacterial activity of the nano-hydroxyapatite extract was initially assessed using the agar well diffusion method. Subsequently, biofilm inhibition was evaluated through crystal violet assays, and the disruption of biofilm structure was visualized under a light microscope. The findings indicated that the nano-hydroxyapatite extract lacked antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth of both S. aureus and S. mutans. However, the extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity against mono-species biofilms, with observed disruption of biofilm formation upon treatment. As a result, nano-hydroxyapatite extracts derived from eggshells may hold potential as agents for inhibiting biofilm formation associated with dental caries.
SYNTHESIS OF FUEL COMPOUND BASED ON LIGHT DISTILLATE OF COAL TAR
Authors:   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Buzayev N. , Kadirbekov K. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Abyurov A. ,   ERG Research and Engineering Center LLP, Oralbaev N. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Seithal G. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Dadyka S. ,   ERG Research and Engineering Center LLP, Safronova I. ,   ERG Research and Engineering Center LLP, Zholdybaev S. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Oshakbaev M. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Espenbetov A. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Shitybaev S. ,   South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University named after Ozbekali Zhanibekov
Published: January 2025

The paper considers the process of fuel compound production on the basis of light distillate of coal tar (CT). The analysis of group and individual composition of CT fractions is carried out, the main components including aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, heteroatomic compounds and asphaltenes are revealed, and their physical and chemical characteristics are established. The technique of
stabilisation of mixtures of CT distillate and petroleum fuel oil using a surfactant - acrylic acid - has been developed. It is shown that surfactant introduction provides a high degree of homogeneity and stability of fuel compositions, preventing the formation of precipitates even during long-term storage. Optimal ratios of light distillate and fuel oil (70:30 and 50:50) allow to obtain fuel compounds, the characteristics of which meet the requirements for boiler and furnace fuels. The obtained results demonstrate the promising application of light distillate of CT for creation of highly efficient fuel products, which opens new
opportunities for processing of coal-chemical raw materials. The proposed approach contributes to
improving environmental safety, reducing the toxicity of the final product and expanding the raw material base for fuel production.
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF MUCOADHESIVE PROPERTIES OF THIOLATED POLYMERS BASED ON POLYHYDROXYETHYLMETHACRYLATE AND 3-MERCAPTOPROPYLTRIMETHOXYSILANE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Makhayeva D. , Irmukhametova G. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kozhantayeva Zh. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Khutoryanskiy V. ,   University of Reading
Published: January 2025

Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems, which adhere to mucosal surfaces, facilitate prolonged retention and uniform release of active substances, enhancing therapeutic efficacy. These systems include adhesive patches, gels, tablets, films, discs, nanoparticles and microspheres. Polymers with mucoadhesive properties should be hydrophilic and possess sufficient functional groups to
form hydrogen bonds. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) is a biocompatible hydrophilic
polymer widely used as a biomaterial. Modification of PHEMA with various functional groups could
potentially extend its application range. The purpose of this work is to chemically modify nonionic
PHEMA (20 kDa) using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTS) to improve mucoadhesive
properties, presenting a novel approach in the field. The methodology of this work includes the synthesis of PHEMA modified with 3-MPTS, determination of thiol group content, preparation and
physicochemical characterisation of model tablets, evaluation of adhesive properties to ex vivo buccal tissues and drug release. The results indicated that the new method for synthesising thiolated PHEMA significantly enhanced adhesion compared to unmodified PHEMA. The use of an acidic catalyst increased the efficiency of this reaction, resulting in a polymer with greater thiol group content. The release of prochlorperazine from PHEMA-MPTS· tablets occurred over 40 minutes, which is significantly higher than the commercial product Bukastem. Conclusion. The developed buccal exhibited excellent mucoadhesive properties and prolonged drug release.
SYNTHESIS OF NEW ION-EXCHANGE SORBENTS ON AN ORGANOMINERAL BASIS
Authors:   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Sadykov K. , Bektenov N. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Chalov T. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC, Chinibayeva N. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Zhusipbekova N. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Baidullayeva A. ,   A.B. Bekturov Institute of Chemical Sciences JSC
Published: January 2025

Introduction. According to scientists, the shortage of drinking and fresh water may become a global environmental issue. This article discusses the synthesis of new ion exchangers using natural resources. An ion-exchange sorbent was synthesized from the mineral vermiculite for the sorption
of metal ions from water resources. Purpose: To create an organomineral sorbent using vermiculite and epoxyacrylate copolymers and evaluate its sorption properties for MoO₄²⁻ and ReO₄⁻ ions. Methods: Synthesis was conducted in a microwave at 300 W for 10 minutes, with orthophosphoric acid amounts increased two- and threefold. Results and Discussion: The sorbent is suitable for hydrometallurgy and water purification. Optimal conditions for modifying vermiculite with glycidyl methacrylate and orthophosphoric acid were established. The static exchange capacity for a 0.1 N HCl solution was 5.91 mg-eq/g. Sorption capacity reached 39.8 mg/g for MoO₄²⁻ ions (94% recovery) and 39.06 mg/g for ReO₄⁻ ions (96% recovery). Conclusion: The studies demonstrated that the organomineral sorbent exhibits high sorption capacity for MoO₄²⁻ ions, reaching 39.8 mg/g with a recovery rate of 94%, and for ReO₄⁻ ions, the sorption capacity was 39.06 mg/g, with a recovery rate of 96%.
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MOLYBDENUM IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF DIMETHYLESULPHOXIDE
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kudreyeva L. , Abu M. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Sarsenbayeva A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kamysbayev D. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Issabekova K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2025

Molybdenum and its compounds are widely used in production and industry due to their properties, such as mechanical strength, heat resistance, high electrical conductivity, high melting point and electrochemical catalytic activity. Therefore, their processing is undoubtedly a very urgent problem. One of the ways to solve this problem is associated with the use of aqueous-organic electrolyte solutions. The purpose of the work: to determine the patterns of electrochemical dissolution of molybdenum in aqueous solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide. Research methods. The work uses electrochemical (polarization measurements, electrolysis), X-ray spectral, microphotographs, and mathematical analysis methods. Results and discussion. Electrochemical dissolution of molybdenum in 0.25 M, 0.5 M, and 2 M LiCl solutions in an aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide at different potential transfer rates is considered. The presence of water in electrolytes enhances the process of molybdenum transition into solution, the appropriate concentration of 0.25 M LiCl water was 38 mol/L H2O. At these electrolyte concentrations, the thickness of the film formed on the molybdenum surface was estimated, the distance between adjacent defects, and the electrical conductivity of the film were determined. Concept. Electrochemical properties of the molybdenum electrode in an aqueous solution of dimethyl sulfoxide do not obey the laws of classical electrochemistry. Separation of molybdenum from the solid phase under such electrolytic conditions will undoubtedly have great application, for example, in the processing of solid foundry waste and the production of biosensors.
INTERPHASE PROCESSES IN MODIFIED BITUMEN SYSTEMS
Authors:   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Dyuryagina A. , Byzova Y. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Degert A. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Aubakirova G. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Lutsenko A. ,   M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University
Published: January 2025

The unsatisfactory quality of asphalt concrete road surfaces in most cases is due to poor adhesion between the bitumen binder and the surface of the mineral filler. The aim is to establish the influence of modifiers of various natures on the development of interphase processes in modified bitumen compositions. The methodology of the work included measuring the contact angle of the crushed stone surface with modified bitumen systems depending on the quantitative content of additives in bitumen and evaluating the adhesive effectiveness of modifiers. Results and discussion. As follows from the analysis of the data obtained, the introduction of AC-2 into bitumen favours the wetting of the crushed stone surface, which, as a result, is confirmed by a decrease in the contact angle. The values θ of solutions of bitumen with AC-2 decreased by 6.73° as its concentration increased from 0 to 3.0 g/dm3. The results of measurements of the wetting edge angle in the binary bitumen-AG-4I system indicate that the polymer additive also stimulates the process of wetting crushed stone with bitumen, but less intensively. The maximum decrease in θ was 3.26° at CAG-4I =1.5 g/dm3. Conclusion. With an increased content of AC-2 (CAC-2=1.0 g/dm3), cohesion and adhesion increase and reach their maximum at CAC-2=2.5 g/dm3: WK=89.68 mN/m, WA=13.90 mN/m, A=68.55%. In the presence of a sealing liquid in bitumen, the adhesive-cohesive effect has a maximum at the same concentration point (CAG-4I =2.5 g/dm3) and is: WK=90.20 mN/m, WA=10.79 mN/m, A=92.25%.
PERBANDINGAN KOMPETENSI AKADEMIK BIDANG KARYA TULIS ILMIAH MAHASISWA INDONESIA DAN SUDAN
Authors: HIDAYAT TAUFIK , SASSI KOMARUDIN
Published: January 2025

This research aims to compare academic competence in the field of scientific writing between Indonesian and Sudanese students. Scientific writing is an important aspect in developing students' academic abilities, which reflects the quality of understanding, analysis and scientific communication skills. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. The research results show that overall, the academic competence of Indonesian students in the field of scientific work tends to be superior to that of Sudanese students, especially in terms of research methodology, writing quality, and access to international scientific resources. This is due to a more developed curriculum, better educational infrastructure, as well as more adequate technological support and facilities in Indonesia. Meanwhile, Sudanese students still face various challenges, including limited access to academic resources and more limited quality of methodological training. Nevertheless, Sudan continues to strive to improve the quality of higher education and academic competence through various policies and programs that support the development of research and scientific writing.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kompetensi akademik bidang karya tulis ilmiah antara mahasiswa Indonesia dan Sudan. Karya tulis ilmiah merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengembangan kemampuan akademik mahasiswa, yang mencerminkan kualitas pemahaman, analisis, dan kemampuan komunikasi ilmiah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, kompetensi akademik mahasiswa Indonesia dalam bidang karya ilmiah cenderung lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa Sudan, terutama dalam hal metodologi penelitian, kualitas penulisan, dan akses ke sumber daya ilmiah internasional. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurikulum yang lebih berkembang, infrastruktur pendidikan yang lebih baik, serta dukungan teknologi dan fasilitas yang lebih memadai di Indonesia. Sementara itu, mahasiswa Sudan masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk keterbatasan akses terhadap sumber daya akademik dan kualitas pelatihan metodologi yang lebih terbatas. Meskipun demikian, Sudan terus berusaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan tinggi dan kompetensi akademik melalui berbagai kebijakan dan program yang mendukung pengembangan penelitian dan penulisan ilmiah.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PT GREEN PLASTIC INDONESIA
Authors: GUNAWAN GUNAWAN , HAMDI EDI , SYAH TANTRI YANUAR RAHMAT , SEPTYANTO DIHIN
Published: January 2025

Plastic is one of the sectors that contributes greatly to Indonesia's manufacturing output, with high plastic consumption seen from the import value which is much greater than exports. However, plastic has a negative impact on the environment because it is difficult to decompose and comes from non-renewable resources, namely petroleum. Plastic waste can last up to 500-1000 years and causes various environmental problems, such as soil damage and water absorption barriers. To reduce this impact, one of the solutions developed is bioplastic, which is made from natural materials and can be decomposed by microorganisms naturally. Environmentally friendly bioplastics are easier to decompose and do not accumulate on land, rivers, or seas. This study aims to analyze the potential business opportunities for bioplastics and the operational management needed to manage this business effectively. The method used is qualitative with literature studies, interviews, and documentation. The conclusion of the study shows that PT Green Plastik Indonesia has set goals and objectives in operational management, as well as planning company needs, including buildings, machines, business licenses, and short-term to long-term expenditure projections to ensure that the products produced are in accordance with the standards desired by consumers.
ABSTRAKPlastik merupakan salah satu sektor yang memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap output manufaktur Indonesia, dengan konsumsi plastik yang tinggi terlihat dari nilai impor yang jauh lebih besar dibandingkan ekspor. Namun, plastik memiliki dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan karena sulit terurai dan berasal dari sumber daya tidak terbarukan, yaitu minyak bumi. Sampah plastik dapat bertahan hingga 500-1000 tahun dan menyebabkan berbagai masalah lingkungan, seperti kerusakan tanah dan hambatan penyerapan air. Untuk mengurangi dampak ini, salah satu solusi yang dikembangkan adalah bioplastik, yang terbuat dari bahan alami dan dapat terurai oleh mikroorganisme secara alami. Bioplastik yang ramah lingkungan lebih mudah terurai dan tidak menumpuk di darat, sungai, atau laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi peluang bisnis bioplastik dan manajemen operasional yang diperlukan untuk mengelola bisnis ini secara efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan studi literatur, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Green Plastik Indonesia telah menetapkan tujuan dan sasaran dalam manajemen operasional, serta merencanakan kebutuhan perusahaan, termasuk gedung, mesin, izin usaha, dan proyeksi pengeluaran jangka pendek hingga panjang untuk memastikan produk yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan standar yang diinginkan konsumen.
PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI DUOLINGO UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA (SPEAKING SKILL) SISWA KELAS XII SMK YPUI PARUNG
Authors: PURNANINGSIH PARI , ISNANENI RESTI
Published: January 2025

Individuals need communication skills to interact and express ideas in various situations. To improve language skills, communicative skills like fluency are essential. English is a universal language used worldwide and is a compulsory subject for students to learn. However, fluency in English is difficult for students to achieve learning goals. This study uses Duolingo application to enhance students' fluency in English. Duolingo is an educational application that covers 40 languages, including English. By using this application, students can manage time and achieve better learning outcomes. The study will be conducted in October 2023 at SMK YPUI Parung, and the results will be published in a Jurnal article, serving as a reference for teachers in teaching English to ensure students achieve their learning goals effectively.
ABSTRAKSetiap individu membutuhkan keterampilan komunikasi untuk berinteraksi dan mengekspresikan ide dalam berbagai situasi. Untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa, keterampilan komunikasi seperti kelancaran berbahasa sangatlah penting. Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa universal yang digunakan di seluruh dunia dan merupakan mata pelajaran wajib bagi siswa. Akan tetapi, kelancaran berbahasa Inggris menjadi kendala bagi siswa dalam mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi Duolingo untuk meningkatkan kelancaran berbahasa Inggris siswa. Duolingo merupakan aplikasi pendidikan yang mencakup 40 bahasa, termasuk bahasa Inggris. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi ini, siswa dapat mengatur waktu dan mencapai hasil belajar yang lebih baik. Penelitian akan dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2023 di SMK YPUI Parung, dan hasilnya akan dipublikasikan dalam bentuk artikel Jurnal, yang dapat menjadi acuan bagi guru dalam mengajar Bahasa Inggris untuk memastikan siswa mencapai tujuan pembelajaran secara efektif.
A numerical sensitivity study on the snow-darkening effect by black carbon deposition over the Arctic in spring
Authors: Zhang Zilu , Zhou Libo , Zhang Meigen
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The rapid warming of the Arctic, driven by glacial and sea ice melt, poses significant challenges to Earth's climate, ecosystems, and economy. Recent evidence indicates that the snow-darkening effect (SDE), caused by black carbon (BC) deposition, plays a crucial role in accelerated warming. However, high-resolution simulations assessing the impacts from the properties of snowpack and land–atmosphere interactions on the changes in the surface energy balance of the Arctic caused by BC remain scarce. This study integrates the Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiative (SNICAR) model with a polar-optimized version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (Polar-WRF) to evaluate the impacts of snow melting and land–atmosphere interaction processes on the SDE due to BC deposition. The simulation results indicate that BC deposition can directly affect the surface energy balance by decreasing snow albedo and its corresponding radiative forcing (RF). On average, BC deposition at 50 ng g−1 causes a daily average RF of 1.6 W m−2 in offline simulations (without surface feedbacks) and 1.4 W m−2 in online simulations (with surface feedback). The reduction in snow albedo induced by BC is strongly dependent on snow depth, with a significant linear relationship observed when snow depth is shallow. In regions with deep snowpack, such as Greenland, BC deposition leads to a 25 %–41 % greater SDE impact and a 19 %–40 % increase in snowmelt compared to in areas with shallow snow. Snowmelt and land–atmosphere interactions play significant roles in assessing changes in the surface energy balance caused by BC deposition based on a comparison of results from offline and online coupled simulations via Polar-WRF and the community Noah land surface model (LSM) with multiple parameterization options (Noah-MP) and SNICAR. Offline simulations tend to overestimate SDE impacts by more than 50 % because crucial surface feedback processes are excluded. This study underscores the importance of incorporating detailed physical processes in high-resolution models to improve our understanding of the role of the SDE in Arctic climate change.
The Coupling of a High-efficiency Aerosol Collector with Electrospray Ionisation/Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry as a novel tool for Real-time Chemical Characterisation of Fine and Ultrafine Particles
Authors: Lau Yik-Sze , Ristovski Zoran , Miljevic Branka
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The chemical properties of aerosols in the atmosphere significantly influence their impact on the global climate forcing and human health. However, a real-time molecular-level characterisation of aerosols remains challenging due to the complex nature of their chemical composition. The current study constructed an instrumental system for the real-time chemical characterisation of aerosol particles. The proposed setup consists of a custom-built high-efficiency aerosol collector (HEAC) used to collect aerosol samples into a working fluid and an electrospray ionisation (ESI) Orbitrap Mass spectrometer (MS) for the subsequent chemical analysis of the liquid sample. The HEAC/ESI-Orbitrap-MS was calibrated against six chemical compounds to investigate the system’s sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD). Results showed that the coupled system has high sensitivities towards the tested chemical compounds and a similar, if not better, LOD than other related instrumental techniques. The capability of the HEAC/ESI-Orbitrap-MS system to identify the chemical composition of organic aerosols (OA) was also examined. Sample OA was generated by α-pinene ozonolysis, and the chemical characterisation results were compared to similar studies. Our data showed that the HEAC/ESI-Orbitrap-MS system can identify most of the α-pinene ozonolysis products reported in the literature, including cis-pinonic acid, pinalic acid and 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA). Monomeric and dimeric reaction products were accurately identified in the mass spectra, even at a total OA mass concentration < 2 µg m-3. The present study showed that the HEAC/ESI-Orbitrap-MS system is a robust technique for the real-time chemical characterisation of OA particles under atmospheric relevant conditions.
Slow-moving rock glaciers in marginal periglacial environment of Southern Carpathians
Authors: Onaca Alexandru , Sirbu Flavius , Poncos Valentin , Hilbich Christin , Strozzi Tazio , Urdea Petru , Popescu Răzvan , Berzescu Oana , Etzelmüller Bernd , Vespremeanu-Stroe Alfred , Vasile Mirela , Teleagă Delia , Birtaș Dan , Lopătiță Iosif , Filhol Simon , Hegyi Alexandru , Ardelean Florina
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Rock glaciers, composed of debris and ice, are widely distributed across cold mountain regions worldwide. Although research on rock glaciers is gaining momentum, the distinct behaviour of rock glaciers in the marginal periglacial environments remains poorly understood. In this study, we combine remote sensing and in situ methods to gain insights into the characteristics of transitional rock glaciers in the Carpathian Mountains. We applied Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSInSAR) to Sentinel-1 images from 2015 to 2020 to identify areas with slope movements associated with rock glaciers and differential GNSS measurements (2019–2021) to detect the horizontal movement of 25 survey markers. Continuous ground temperature monitoring and measurements of the bottom temperature of the winter snow cover were used to examine the energy exchange fluxes characteristics of transitional rock glaciers in the Carpathians. The subsurface of one transitional rock glacier was investigated using geophysical measurements (electrical resistivity tomography and refraction seismic tomography), while petrophysical joint inversion was used to quantify the ice content. The PSInSAR methodology identified 110 moving areas (MAs) with low displacement rates (< 5 cm yr-1). These MAs are generally located between 2000 and 2300 meters where solar radiation is minimal. Late winter ground surface temperature data from slow-moving rock glaciers point to permafrost conditions. Geophysical investigations reveal remnants of ice-rich permafrost within the Galeșu rock glacier, while petrophysical joint inversion modelling indicates a low ground ice content (~ 20 %) in its upper sector. The slow surface movement of rock glaciers in the marginal periglacial mountains is driven by the deformation of thin, frozen layers. Regarding activity status, the majority of rock glaciers in the Retezat Mountains are categorized as relict, with only 21 % classified as transitional. The results of our study emphasize the benefit of combining Sentinel-1 SAR data with comprehensive field investigations, particularly in regions with slow-moving rock glaciers.
Comparisons between Polarimetric Radio Occultation Measurements with WRF Model Simulation for Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Chen Shu-Ya , Kuo Ying-Hwa , Li Hsiu-Wen , Padullés Ramon , Cardellach Estel , Turk F. Joseph
Published: January 2025

Abstract. A novel radio occultation (RO) technique, polarimetric RO (PRO), has recently been developed to measure differential polarimetric phase shift together with traditional RO products such as temperature and moisture. PRO observations have been shown to be associated with the vertical structure of cloud hydrometeors. With this unique measurement capability, the PRO soundings could potentially be used to evaluate model microphysics. This study compared PRO observations with WRF simulations of three typhoon cases in 2019 and 2021, initialized with ERA5 and NCEP FNL global analysis, respectively, with five microphysics parameterizations (Purdue Lin, WSM6, Goddard, Thompson, and Morrison). There is notable variability in the distribution of the model's hydrometeors, which could be affected by the initial conditions, microphysics parameterization schemes, typhoon locations, and circulation rainbands. The results show that WRF simulation initialized with ERA5 and using the Goddard microphysics scheme performs better in synoptic-scale verification and comparisons with PRO observations. The ensemble mean from 36 ensemble forecasts also exhibits consistent results with the deterministic run. The comparative results demonstrate that PRO data have the potential to evaluate the performance of different microphysics schemes in numerical models.
Post-Hercynian ultrahigh-temperature tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Middle Atlas lower crust (central Morocco) revealed by metapelitic granulite xenoliths
Authors: El Maz Abdelkader , Vauchez Alain , Dautria Jean-Marie
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The study of metapelitic sillimanite- and garnet-bearing granulite xenoliths brought to the surface by the basanite of the 650 ka Tafraoute maar shed new light on the lower crust of the Tabular Middle Atlas (Morocco). Two main types of granulites are distinguished: (1) layered quartzo-feldspathic and (2) unlayered restitic. Mineralogy, petrology, P–T estimates, and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data support that these granulites underwent two successive tectono-metamorphic events before their entrapment in lava. During the first event, probably the Hercynian orogeny, the Tafraoute lower crust acquired its foliation and primary paragenesis, likely including kyanite; it yields P and T conditions of 1.1 ± 0.1 GPa and 850–880 °C. The second event corresponds to a reheating up to ultrahigh temperatures (1050 ± 50 °C) under slightly lower-pressure conditions (0.9 ± 0.1 GPa). This led first to the transformation of kyanite into large prismatic sillimanite. The latter displays uncommon evidence of the dislocation creep deformation of a moderate intensity that points to a tectonic episode occurring after their formation. After deformation has stopped, a reaction between sillimanite and garnet resulted in the crystallization of orthopyroxene and spinel-deformation-free coronas around garnets. Approaching the peak of temperature, anhydrous partial melting of quartzo-feldspathic layers likely occurred, and the resulting felsic melt spread into the rocks. This reheating event might be the consequence of the Late Permian to Mid Jurassic rifting that preceded the formation of the Middle Atlas range, possibly associated with underplating of hot gabbroic magma. This event was followed by gradual cooling down to ∼ 800 °C, leading to static crystallization of the felsic melt in the quartzo-feldspathic granulites. The last event susceptible to have affected the lower crust is the alkali magmatism active in the Middle Atlas during the Mio-Plio-Quaternary. In this context, the origin of restitic granulites is questionable. It may result either from the thermal event associated with the pre-alpine rifting or from the emplacement of basaltic dikes in the lower crust before the Quaternary eruption of the Tafraoute volcano. During this eruption, the studied granulites were entrapped in the ascending lava and very quickly transferred up to the surface, triggering the formation of small vesicular glass pockets. This study highlights the contrasted post-Hercynian evolution of the lower crust in the northern coastal alpine orogen (Rif) and the Tabular Middle Atlas; the first one underwent a tectonic exhumation without reheating during the Alpine orogeny, while the second one is characterized by a reheating to ultrahigh temperature, probably during the pre-alpine rifting, but was probably not or only slightly affected by the alpine events.
Health Education on Parenting Patterns in Mother and Toddler Classes Using Android-Based E-Modules
Authors: Ratna Dewi Sri Wulan , Sunarni Neli , Septiani Hani
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The challenge that Indonesia faces is the large proportion of early childhood, which is 30.83 million people. The government, through the Directorate General of Early Childhood Education and Community Education (Ditjen PAUD and Dikmas), is committed to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target regarding sustainable development, especially target 4.2, namely the development, care and education of quality early childhood (PAUD). One of the SDGs targets is care. Objective : The purpose of this Community Service activity is to increase the knowledge of mothers who have toddlers about child-rearing patterns. Method : The method used is by providing health education to mothers of toddlers and providing questionnaires to be filled out by the mothers of toddlers. Result : he results of this Community Service Activity are in the form of measuring the knowledge of mothers who have toddlers about childcare patterns. The results are that there is an increase in the average value before being given health education and after being given health education, namely 96 to 99. Conclusion : Based on the analysis and results of the activities, health education using the e-module media of parenting patterns can help improve the knowledge of mothers who have toddlers. This media can also be a reading material for mothers who have toddlers and makes it easier because it is already installed on their Android phones. The Community Service activity plan will be ongoing for the integrated health posts in Linggasari Village.
Apium graveolens leaf ethanolic extract triggers apoptosis in human tongue cancer cells via caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase pathways: An in vitro study
Authors: Sandra Ferry , Hartono Tiffany , Hayuningtyas Ria A. , Ranggaini Dewi , Halim Johni , Lee Kyung H.
Published: January 2025

Recent advances in cancer treatment have focused on developing alternative therapies with reduced adverse effects. Chemoprevention using natural products derived from plants has gained significant attention. Apium graveolens has demonstrated anticancer properties against various cancer cell types, suggesting its potential efficacy against tongue cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of action of Apium graveolens leaf ethanolic extract (AGLEE) on the HSC-3 tongue cancer cell line. The leaves were processed and extracted with 70% ethanol to obtain an ethanolic extract. HSC-3 cells were cultured, subjected to starvation, and pre-treated with or without Z-DEVD-FMK, a caspase-3 inhibitor. Subsequently, the cells were treated with or without doxorubicin or varying concentrations of AGLEE. To assess cell viability and apoptosis, MTT and sub-G1 assays were performed. Additionally, treated HSC-3 cells were collected, lysed, and analyzed for levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (cleaved-PARP) using ELISA. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of AGLEE for reducing viable HSC-3 cells was determined to be 48.29 μg/mL. AGLEE significantly decreased HSC-3 cell viability and increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. It exhibited a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. Furthermore, the extract elevated the levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP in HSC-3 cells. Pre-treatment with Z-DEVD-FMK reduced the levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP induced by AGLEE. Taken together, AGLEE could be proposed as a potential natural therapeutic agent by inducing apoptosis through the caspase-3/PARP pathway in tongue cancer cells.
Who and what they learn: the good teacher for me (A conceptual and comprehensive design)
Authors:   Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, VICOL Nelu
Published: January 2025

The text reveals in a synthesized way the concept of ego-graphy of the professionalization of teaching staff, on the basis of which an x-ray was developed or, better said, the mental "audit" of the education that the teaching staff designs and carries out was scientifically interpreted in the manner of an individual paradigm through pedagogical conscience and professional faith. This mental "audit" interferes with the "right to vote in public affairs" given to the teacher to impose on him the duty and the right to know and achieve what education represents.
Modeling functional skills for learners through the steam educational paradigm
Authors:   Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, CAZACIOC Nadejda
Published: January 2025

The article addresses the importance of functional skills in the adaptability and performance of individuals in modern society, with an emphasis on skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, and effective communication. STEAM education is presented as an ideal framework for developing these skills, providing practical opportunities to apply knowledge in relevant contexts. A well-structured didactic algorithm is proposed to facilitate the development of functional skills, and relevant didactic strategies are highlighted as essential tools in this process. Finally, the findings emphasize the importance of continuing efforts to develop functional skills through STEAM education and appropriate teaching strategies.
The study of folklore creation in high school education from the perspective of the mathematical elements found in literary - folklore works
Authors:   Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, BĂLAN Rodica
Published: January 2025

Cultural traditions and national identity of a people. It can play a significant role in the education of young people, contributing to their intellectual and emotional development, to the harmonious formation of personality. The formation of moral values through the study of folklore creation can be achieved through educational activities and experiences that involve reflection, discussion and practical application. Mathematical elements can be found in various literary and folklore works, often in the form of symbols, structures or themes that reflect mathematical concepts.
Personality characteristics of the police officer from the special intervention troops
Authors:   Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, OLARU Lenuța
Published: January 2025

The way in which the professional environment influences our personality and skills is already a record in specialized studies; the profession asking us to align our personal values with the institutional ones. The present study aims to assess the skills, personality and personal values of police officers from special intervention forces and to highlight them in relation to criminal investigation police officers. The research was conducted on a sample of 53 police officers. The results revealed that workers in the special action structure report better reaction times, have lower anxiety levels, and choose challenge and authority as personal values. In contrast, criminal investigation workers (forensics) have slower reactions, are more anxious, and value social relationships, rule-following, and safety more.