bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geochemical characteristics and shale oil exploration potential of the Da’anzhai Member in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China
Authors: Zhang Shaomin , Xiao Zhenglu , Zhang Rui , Liu Zhanghao , Li Yucong , Tang Longxiang , Bai Rong , Zonghui Lin
Published: April 2022

Based on the analysis of the organic geochemical characteristics of the shale in the Da’anzhai Member in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China, we discuss the hydrocarbon generation potential, hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency ( EH), and oil-bearing properties to identify the dominant exploration direction for shale oil. The results indicate that: (1) the Da’anzhai shale has low organic matter content and high maturity with the average total organic carbon (TOC) content of 1.27% and average vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 1.29%, (2) the EH of the Da’anzhai shale ranges from 0% to 92% with an average value of 72%, (3) the lower limit of TOC for shale commercial production is 1.5%, which is lower than any current standard in China and North America, and (4) shale oil in the center lacustrine basin is more enriched compared with the outskirts of the basin with [Formula: see text], Ro < 1.25%, EH < 67%, and oil saturation index > 100 mg/(g·TOC). These results indicate that the prospects for shale oil exploration in the central basin are optimistic and should be the key exploration area for shale oil in the future.
Nanoindentation investigation of mechanical and creep properties of continental Triassic Yanchang Formation shale, Ordos Basin
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Yang Chao , Liu Yuke , Xiong Yongqiang
Published: April 2022

The mechanical and creep properties of shale have a great impact on wellbore stability and artificial fracturing performance during shale gas exploration. We have applied nanoindentation to study the preceding two aspects of the lacustrine Triassic Yanchang Formation shale in Ordos Basin on the microscale, which is the representative exploration target for shale gas occurring in continental shales in China. A massive nanoindentation campaign finds that the Yanchang shale is highly mechanically heterogeneous in local areas but statistically homogeneous in large areas. The sequentially increasing indentation loads (5–400 mN) result in a two-stage change of values of Young’s modulus and hardness, i.e., descending first and then remaining steady with a turning point at approximately 300 mN, which suggests that the large indentation load of not less than 300 mN can detect the mechanical response of bulk shale on the microscale. In addition, the indentation tests reveal a strong anisotropy of mechanical properties of Yanchang shale, as the measured Young’s modulus and hardness in the bedding plane parallel are much larger than those in the bedding plane normal direction. Furthermore, the Yanchang shale presents strong creep behavior and weak fracture toughness, which are different from those of current gas-producing marine shales worldwide. We attribute this to the higher content of clay minerals and relatively more loose texture of the Yanchang shale. In particular, the creep strain-rate sensitivity ( m) is calculated to be 0.102–0.134, suggesting that the dominant deformation mechanism of the lacustrine Yanchang shale may be dislocation creep.
COAST: An Open-Label, Phase II, Multidrug Platform Study of Durvalumab Alone or in Combination With Oleclumab or Monalizumab in Patients With Unresectable, Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Herbst Roy S. , Majem Margarita , Barlesi Fabrice , Carcereny Enric , Chu Quincy , Monnet Isabelle , Sanchez-Hernandez Alfredo , Dakhil Shaker , Camidge D. Ross , Winzer Leanne , Soo-Hoo Yee , Cooper Zachary A. , Kumar Rakesh , Bothos John , Aggarwal Charu , Martinez-Marti Alex
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE

Durvalumab significantly improves overall survival for patients with unresectable stage III non–small-cell lung cancer and no progression after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT). Building upon that standard of care, COAST is a phase II study of durvalumab alone or combined with the anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody oleclumab or anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody monalizumab as consolidation therapy in this setting.

METHODS

Patients with unresectable stage III non–small-cell lung cancer, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1, and no progression after cCRT were randomly assigned 1:1:1, ≤ 42 days post-cCRT, to durvalumab alone or combined with oleclumab or monalizumab for up to 12 months, stratified by histology. The primary end point was investigator-assessed confirmed objective response rate (ORR; RECIST v1.1).

RESULTS

Between January 2019 and July 2020, 189 patients were randomly assigned. At this interim analysis (data cutoff, May 17, 2021), median follow-up was 11.5 months (range, 0.4-23.4 months; all patients). Confirmed ORR was numerically higher with durvalumab plus oleclumab (30.0%; 95% CI, 18.8 to 43.2) and durvalumab plus monalizumab (35.5%; 95% CI, 23.7 to 48.7) versus durvalumab (17.9%; 95% CI, 9.6 to 29.2). Progression-free survival (PFS) was prolonged with both combinations versus durvalumab (plus oleclumab: hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.75; and plus monalizumab: hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.72), with higher 12-month PFS rates (plus oleclumab: 62.6% [95% CI, 48.1 to 74.2] and plus monalizumab: 72.7% [95% CI, 58.8 to 82.6] v durvalumab alone: 33.9% [95% CI, 21.2 to 47.1]). All-cause grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 40.7%, 27.9%, and 39.4% with durvalumab plus oleclumab, durvalumab plus monalizumab, and durvalumab, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Both combinations increased ORR and prolonged PFS versus durvalumab alone. Safety was similar across arms with no new or significant safety signals identified with either combination. These data support their further evaluation in a phase III trial.
Aromatase Inhibition Eliminates Sexual Receptivity Without Enhancing Weight Gain in Ovariectomized Marmoset Monkeys
Authors: Kraynak Marissa , Willging Molly M , Kuehlmann Alex L , Kapoor Amita A , Flowers Matthew T , Colman Ricki J , Levine Jon E , Abbott David H
Published: April 2022

Context

Ovarian estradiol supports female sexual behavior and metabolic function. While ovariectomy (OVX) in rodents abolishes sexual behavior and enables obesity, OVX in nonhuman primates decreases, but does not abolish, sexual behavior, and inconsistently alters weight gain.

Objective

We hypothesize that extra-ovarian estradiol provides key support for both functions, and to test this idea, we employed aromatase inhibition to eliminate extra-ovarian estradiol biosynthesis and diet-induced obesity to enhance weight gain.

Methods

Thirteen adult female marmosets were OVX and received (1) estradiol-containing capsules and daily oral treatments of vehicle (E2; n = 5); empty capsules and daily oral treatments of either (2) vehicle (VEH, 1 mL/kg, n = 4), or (3) letrozole (LET, 1 mg/kg, n = 4).

Results

After 7 months, we observed robust sexual receptivity in E2, intermediate frequencies in VEH, and virtually none in LET females (P = .04). By contrast, few rejections of male mounts were observed in E2, intermediate frequencies in VEH, and high frequencies in LET females (P = .04). Receptive head turns were consistently observed in E2, but not in VEH and LET females. LET females, alone, exhibited robust aggressive rejection of males. VEH and LET females demonstrated increased % body weight gain (P = .01). Relative estradiol levels in peripheral serum were E2 >>> VEH > LET, while those in hypothalamus ranked E2 = VEH > LET, confirming inhibition of local hypothalamic estradiol synthesis by letrozole.

Conclusion

Our findings provide the first evidence for extra-ovarian estradiol contributing to female sexual behavior in a nonhuman primate, and prompt speculation that extra-ovarian estradiol, and in particular neuroestrogens, may similarly regulate sexual motivation in other primates, including humans.
Association Between Weight Change and Increased Likelihood of Abdominal Aortic Calcification Among Men
Authors: Huang Yanting , Ruan Zhijie , Lin Weizhao , Chen Zhichao , Zhang Liling , Li Zhi
Published: April 2022

Objective

We aimed to explore the effect of weight change on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) among men.

Methods

Data were obtained from the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Self-reported cardiovascular disease patients were excluded. Lateral spine images were used to quantify AAC score and severe AAC was defined as a AAC score greater than 6. Weight change over a 10-year period was defined as long-term weight change, and weight change over a 1-year period was defined as short-term weight change. The relationship between long-term and short-term weight change with AAC grade was estimated by using multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis.

Results

After adjusting for covariates, weight gain, especially severe weight gain (> 10 kg), was associated with increased likelihood of AAC and severe AAC both in the short term (1 year) and long term (10 years) among men when compared to stable weight change, while long-term weight loss could also lead to an increased likelihood of AAC and severe AAC.

Conclusion

Stable body weight might be a predictor of a lower risk of AAC and severe AAC among men in the long term and short term.
Dentists’ perceptions on present and future dental practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: An embedded study
Authors: Shenoy Ramya , Das Deeksha , Mukherjee Megha , Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha , Denny Ceena , D’Souza Violet
Published: April 2022

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has placed a significant burden on everyone. Although dental professionals are at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, currently, very little is known about how oral health professionals and their professions could be affected by the pandemic. This study aims to investigate dentists' perceptions on present and future dental practice in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Methods: We conducted an embedded mixed-methods study at Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, with Indian dentists registered with the Dental Council of India.  

Results: Of the 976 participating dentists, 61% were females, 32% were 40 years of age or younger. Nearly half of the respondents (54%) acknowledged that the lockdown measures caused them a severe financial burden, and 56% were seriously concerned about being a source of infection to their family, friends, and community. Although 79% felt very comfortable or somewhat comfortable going back to work, they were all worried that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use would increase their financial burden and impact the number of patients seeking care. Even though a vast majority received the necessary information regarding returning to practice from their concerned dental regulatory bodies, some were unsure about the reuse of the PPEs because of the conflicting information they received. 

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected participants' professional lives negatively. Their major concerns were being a source of infection to their families and community. Providing information to dental professionals in a timely manner may prepare dentists to provide safe care to their patients while protecting themselves, their staff, and their families.
The complete mitochondrial genome sequencing of the Asian lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura shantungensis Miller, 1901; Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from Jeju of Korea
Authors: Lee Seo-Jin , Kim Dong-Hee , Lee Hang
Published: April 2022

We report the complete mitochondrial genome of Crocidura shantungensis (Asian Lesser White-toothed Shrew). The complete mitochondrial genome is 17,160bp in length and contains 13 protein coding genes, one replication origin region, 22 transfer RNA, two ribosomal RNA, and one D-loop (control region). The mitogenome is A+T rich, with a composition of A: 32.5%, T: 32.6%, C: 21.7%, and G: 13.1%. In the phylogenetic tree, the Crocidura genus species formed a solid monophyletic group in the family Soricidae, C. shantungensis was well grouped with sister group to C. sibicica within the Genus Crocidura clade, and each species noted against each other well.
Construcción del conocimiento aplicando diversas técnicas de resolución de problemas en la asignatura de Mecánica del Suelo y Cimentaciones
Authors: Romero Sánchez Emilio
Published: April 2022

Este trabajo desarrolla una propuesta de innovación docente aplicada a la asignatura de Mecánica del Suelo y Cimentaciones, del Grado en Fundamentos de Arquitectura (Plan 2012). Se trata de una asignatura con una gran dificultad y canti- dad de conceptos teóricos, donde los estudiantes no tienen formación previa. Ade- más, de forma general, los estudiantes no presentan una gran motivación sobre el contenido impartido. Todo ello hace que la aplicación de diversas herramientas para mejorar la experiencia docente y el aprendizaje de los alumnos resulte fun- damental en esta asignatura. En el presente trabajo se expone un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) aplicada al tema de estructuras de contención, el cual se desarro- lla en tres sesiones de clase, siete horas en total. Este se basa en la resolución de problemas, donde se aplican los diferentes conceptos teóricos. Además, se aplican diversos métodos para la resolución de los mismos. El objetivo principal es incre- mentar la participación de los estudiantes en la clase, así como, mantener su aten- ción en la totalidad de la misma. Por último, los conceptos aprendidos en estos problemas previos los tienen que aplicar en la resolución de un caso real final. Los resultados del presente ciclo de mejora han sido satisfactorios, por lo que los es- tudiantes han progresado en el aprendizaje y el conocimiento de dichos conceptos. Palabras clave: Mecánica del suelo y cimentaciones, Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura, Docencia universitaria, Desarrollo profesional docente, Inno- vación docente universitaria.
Modelo de Aprendizaje Colaborativo, Programa y Evaluación como recursos, contexto y herramientas de innovación docente
Authors: Rivera Gómez Carlos
Published: April 2022

El Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) planteado en esta comunicación se cen- tra en el desarrollo de la innovación docente en la asignatura de Construcción 1 del Grado en Fundamentos de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Sevilla. El diseño se basa en tres Enfoques Metodológicos específicos: la Revisión de la Estrategia del modelo de Aprendizaje Colaborativo, la Revisión del Programa Docente como contexto específico para la intervención en la asignatura, y la Revisión de la Eva- luación como conjunto de instrumentos no solo de constatación, sino formativos. Este proyecto parte, y amplía, el conjunto de estrategias y recursos empleados en un CIMA anterior sobre la misma asignatura y, debido a la complejidad del con- junto de acciones incluidas en él, se plantea con los condicionantes de un pro- yecto piloto. Palabras clave: Arquitectura, innovación docente, aprendizaje colaborativo, aprendizaje basado en equipos, competencias educativas.
Hacia un aprendizaje activo en Historia del Arte Contemporáneo
Authors: Leñador Javier
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo presentamos la experimentación docente realizada en la asignatura Historia y Arte Contemporáneo del grado en Bellas Artes en el curso 2021-2022 gracias a la implementación de un ciclo integral de mejor en el aula. Expondremos el diseño de este ciclo, incluyendo la metodología, los contenidos y las actividades asociadas a él, así como una evaluación de su funcionamiento en cuanto al aprendizaje del alumnado y sus implicaciones en la labor del docente. Palabras clave: Historia y arte contemporáneo, grado en bellas artes, docen- cia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, aprendizaje activo.
Aportando soluciones que mejoren la calidad de la relación y la lealtad de los clientes en empresas de servicios
Authors: Villarejo-Ramos Ángel F.
Published: April 2022

El Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas y Proyectos (ABP) aplicado a las discipli- nas de las ciencias sociales permite desarrollar el proceso de enseñanza-apren- dizaje basado en un contexto real empresarial. En el caso de la asignatura de Marketing de Servicios, pretendemos que el contexto real en el que basamos el aprendizaje de los contenidos sea una propuesta de toma de decisiones y una aportación de soluciones que permitan mejorar la gestión de marketing en las empresas de servicios. Con esta intención aplicaremos un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) en esta asignatura en el Grado en Marketing e Investigación de Mer- cados de la Universidad de Sevilla. Además de presentar la propuesta metodo- lógica y la secuencia de actividades a desarrollar, usaremos un cuestionario de opinión de los estudiantes con el que pretendemos recabar información para co- nocer la percepción que tiene el alumnado con relación al modelo didáctico per- sonal que hemos seguido en la aplicación del CIMA, centrado en el estudiante, frente al modelo tradicional habitualmente usado en la docencia universitaria. Palabras clave: Docencia universitaria, marketing de servicios, grado en mar- keting, aprendizaje basado en problemas, experimentación docente universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente.
Aplicación de un ciclo de mejora docente en la asignatura de Teoría del Consumo Digital del Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas
Authors: Expósito Barea María de los Milagros
Published: April 2022

Esta comunicación tiene como objetivo realizar un plan de mejora e inno - vación docente en la asignatura Teoría del Consumo Digital, de 2º de Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas durante el primer cuatrimestre del curso 2021- 2022. Dicho Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) ha tenido una duración de ocho horas, repartidas en cuatro sesiones de dos horas cada una. En este trabajo se detalla el diseño y los resultados obtenidos, donde el alumno se ha convertido en el protagonista de su propio aprendizaje. Palabras clave: Teoría del consumo digital, publicidad y relaciones públicas, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, comunicación.
El aprendizaje de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario desde la innovación docente
Authors: Gallego Hernández Ana Cristina
Published: April 2022

El Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula que se presenta, se ha desarrollado en las últi- mas seis sesiones de Derecho Internacional Público, del Grado en Derecho, en el curso 2020/2021. A través del mismo se pretende enriquecer el proceso de apren- dizaje del alumnado modificando la estructura de las sesiones, incrementando las actividades de interactuación y dándole, definitivamente, más protagonismo a los estudiantes. Palabras clave: Derecho internacional público, Grado en derecho, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente.
Entender el contrato de viaje combinado y los servicios de viaje vinculados a partir de la resolución de casos prácticos. Un ciclo de mejora en el aula en el Grado en Turismo
Authors: Cruz Rivero Diego
Published: April 2022

En el presente capítulo se expone de forma sintética una propuesta meto- dológica para facilitar el aprendizaje por los alumnos del Grado en turismo del contrato de viaje combinado y los servicios de viaje vinculados en el marco de la asignatura Derecho privado del empresario turístico. Partiendo de un mapa de contenidos ajustado a este grado se sigue un modelo metodológico consistente en la captación de las ideas previas de los alumnos, su normalización hasta lle- gar a un consenso de todo el grupo de alumnos basado en el sentido común y la propuesta de unos casos prácticos cuya realización autónoma por parte de los alumnos facilita el aprendizaje. Finalmente, los casos prácticos son corregidos en clase mediante el procedimiento de la puesta en común, completándose las res- puestas de los alumnos hasta llegar al nivel de exigencia requerido. Palabras clave: Derecho privado del empresario turístico, grado en turismo, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, casos prácticos.
Cómo innovar en la enseñanza del rugby en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte
Authors: Pradas García Marcos
Published: April 2022

En esta comunicación se expone el proceso de aplicación de un nuevo mo- delo de enseñanza-aprendizaje donde lo que se busca es incentivar el conoci- miento y la implicación del alumnado en su aprendizaje a través del diseño y realización de actividades prácticas para presentar a sus compañeros. El estudio que sigue es la aplicación de un CIMA (Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula), en la asigna- tura Fundamentos de Rugby, Hockey y su enseñanza (tercer curso del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla). El objetivo buscado es que los estudiantes sean capaces de crear su propio aprendizaje y programen actividades reales como lo harán en un futuro cercano. Palabras clave: Innovación, rugby, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesio- nal docente, experimentación docente universitaria, ciclo de mejora.
De la teoría a la práctica en los seminarios de Enfermería del Envejecimiento
Authors: Flores Navarro Pérez Carmen
Published: April 2022

La nueva realidad en las aulas hace necesario la modificación de la prác- tica docente. Para ello se ha realizado un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) en la asignatura de tercer curso de Enfermería del Envejecimiento, añadiendo nuevas metodologías docentes acorde a las nuevas demandas de los estudiantes. Para ellos se crearon actividades más interactivas, se incluyeron casos clínicos para ser analizados por los estudiantes, vídeo fórum y coloquios posteriores, así como el contacto con los nuevos materiales de simulación adquiridos por el departa- mento. La evaluación de la práctica ha sido satisfactoria, sin embargo, tras el aná- lisis de algunos de los resultados obtenidos, se hace necesario incluir mejoras en el próximo CIMA. Palabras clave: Grado enfermería, envejecimiento, casos clínicos, docencia universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente.
Uso de la metodología de aprendizaje en entornos simulados para la adquisición de competencia en la valoración de enfermería
Authors: Allande-Cussó Regina
Published: April 2022

La metodología de aprendizaje en entornos simulados consta de seis fases que se desarrollan de modo secuencial para alcanzar un elevado nivel de ad - quisición de competencias, trabajando en equipos de estudiantes que dirigen su propio aprendizaje, diseñan escenarios de simulación y discuten sobre ellos con evidencias científicas guiados por un facilitador. En este sentido, se ha dise- ñado una experiencia docente innovadora en la asignatura de Historia, Teoría y Método II del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad de Sevilla. El Ciclo de Me- jora en el Aula diseñado tuvo una duración de 12 horas, y se llevó a cabo con una muestra de 26 estudiantes de la asignatura de Historia, Teoría y Métodos II, en el período del 11 octubre al 22 de noviembre de 2021. El ciclo de mejora implemen- tado consiguió los objetivos propuestos, relacionados con la adquisición de to- dos los contenidos identificados, y los estudiantes evaluaron la experiencia como muy positiva para su aprendizaje. Finalmente, los principios didácticos que se ex- traen de la experiencia docente, y que deben continuar siendo aplicados en los seminarios de la asignatura son los siguientes: el docente debe iniciar su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje considerando el nivel de conocimiento previo del es- tudiante; los contenidos deben cubrir todas las dimensiones implicadas en su comprensión, y no solo la teórica; y el contexto físico en el que se desarrolla el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje debe ser un facilitador del mismo, y no entor- pecer o desvirtuar el proceso. Palabras clave: Historia, teoría y métodos de enfermería II, grado en enfer- mería, docencia universitaria, experimentación docente universitaria, desarrollo profesional docente, simulación.
Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula aplicado a la asignatura Tendencias Literarias en la Cultura Contemporánea para alumnos de primer curso de Comunicación Audiovisual
Authors: Martínez Navarro María del Rosario
Published: April 2022

Este artículo trata sobre un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula (CIMA) completo, con una duración total de 60 horas, experimentado en Tendencias Literarias en la Cul- tura Contemporánea, asignatura troncal de formación básica de primer curso en el Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual y de tercero en el Doble Grado en Perio- dismo y Comunicación Audiovisual, durante el primer cuatrimestre del presente curso académico 2021/2022. En él se establecen las directrices principales, los planteamientos y los objetivos docentes, así como los resultados iniciales obte- nidos y la valoración de la actuación llevada a cabo en el aula por la profesora y por el alumnado en esta materia, diseñada a partir del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos y la metodología ECO (ABP con ECO), en el marco del proceso formativo del Programa de Formación e Innovación Docente del Profesorado (FIDOP), den- tro de la Red de Formación e Innovación Docente del Profesorado (REFID), y de un proyecto ECO de la Universidad de Sevilla. Palabras clave: Tendencias literarias en la cultura contemporánea, grado en comunicación audiovisual, docencia universitaria, experimentación docente uni- versitaria, aprendizaje basado en proyectos con ECO.
Autoaprendizaje colaborativo como metodología alternativa para Ingeniería Química
Authors: Pérez Puyana Víctor Manuel
Published: April 2022

Se ha realizado un Ciclo de Mejora en el Aula en un grupo de 10 alumnos en la asignatura Ingeniería Química, asignatura de tercer curso que se imparte en el Grado en Química. La metodología llevada a cabo consiste en el trabajo colabo- rativo entre los alumnos para el análisis y resolución de una serie de preguntas planteadas al comienzo del ciclo de mejora que se utilizan como cuestiones clave para el desarrollo de las distintas actividades. De acuerdo a los resultados ob- tenidos, la metodología seguida permite a los alumnos una mejor adquisición y trabajo de los contenidos planteados, gracias, sobre todo al trabajo colaborativo con sus compañeros. Por otra parte, la metodología seguida ha sido muy bien re- cibida por los alumnos, de acuerdo a las respuestas reflejadas en las encuestas de valoración de los alumnos. Palabras clave: Ingeniería Química, Grado en Química, docencia universitaria, experimentación docente universitaria.
Spiritual distress of patients living with cancer in Northern Vietnam
Authors: Ku Ya-Lie , Ha Le Thi Hong , Kuo Shih-Ming , Chen Shu-Ming
Published: April 2022

Background:

Literature on the spirituality of cancer patients has been mainly focused on the experiences of western patients. Few studies explore the experience of Asian cancer patients, while no spiritual study on cancer patients has been conducted in Vietnam.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to survey the spiritual distress of cancer patients at two general hospitals in northern Vietnam.

Methods:

This was a quantitative survey with a cross-sectional design. This study used purposive sampling with a fitting the inclusion criteria, alongside the Spiritual Distress Scale-Vietnam version (SDS-V). The data was collected by an investigator in two general hospitals in northern Vietnam. The study received approval from two research councils.

Results:

The results demonstrated that the demographics of cancer patients in the study reflected the national data of Vietnam. Regarding the four exploratory dimensions, more than 50% of cancer patients expressed feeling hardship and sorrow, most did not feel loneliness, most patients reported a good relationship with others and God, while the majority of were afraid to discuss death.

Conclusions:

Due to impact of aging and poverty on the sample patients, further studies into the interconnectivity between economics and the spiritual health status of patients is recommended. Additionally, since the 132 Vietnamese cancer patients reported a positive relationship with others and God, healthcare professionals should study effective strategies to apply the above strengths in easing hardships for future cancer patients.
Using virtual reality in palliative care: a systematic integrative review
Authors: Carmont Hannah , McIlfatrick Sonja
Published: April 2022

Background:

Recently, healthcare services have witnessed an exponential increase in the use of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality (VR) technology to improve health-related outcomes. However, the use of VR in palliative care remains relatively unexplored.

Aims:

To review and synthesise evidence regarding the experiences of patients, families and healthcare professionals in palliative care who have engaged with immersive/non-immersive VR technology.

Methods:

A systematic integrative review using pre-defined MeSH search terms to identify eligible studies from five electronic databases (Cochrane Library, CINAHL, OVID Medline, Pubmed and Scopus) between April 2020 and February 2021.

Findings:

In total, 1066 articles were reviewed, 55 articles were considered eligible and subject to further analysis and a total of 16 articles met the inclusion criteria and were subject to critical appraisal. Rigorous analysis of eligible articles resulted in the identification of five overarching and interconnected themes: connection, VR as an emergent technology, perceptual change, safety, and future research.

Conclusion:

This review identified that VR could support patients, families and healthcare professionals in palliative care. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the findings could prove particularly significant for facilitating connection. However, further research is necessary to explore the full scope of VR use in this speciality.
Neckeraceae (Bryophyta, Bryopsida) da Reserva Ecológica da Michelin, Município de Igrapiúna, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Bôas-Bastos Silvana B. Vilas , Bastos Cid José Passos
Published: April 2022

This paper presents six species of Neckeraceae that occur within ombrophyllous forest fragments of the Ecological Reserve. During the bryofloristic studies in the area, Neckeraceae showed an expressive species composition given that, until now, only two species were reported for Bahia: Neckeropsis disticha (Hedw.) Kindb. and Neckeropsis undulata (Hedw.) Reichardt. In this paper, the following species are being added: Homaliodendron piniforme (Brid.) Enroth, Isodrepanium lentulum (Wilson) E. Britton, and Porotrichum substriatum (Hampe) Mitt. Key for identifying the species, as well as morphological descriptions, geographical distribution and illustrations are presented.
Hepáticas (Marchantiophyta) da Reserva Ecológica da Michelin, Igrapiúna, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Bastos Cid José Passos , Valente Emilia de Brito
Published: April 2022

No estudo sobre as hepáticas da Reserva Ecológica da Michelin foram inventariadas 138 espécies distribuídas em 40 gêneros pertencentes a 12 famílias, das quais a mais bem representada foi Lejeuneaceae, com 97 espécies. Dentre os fragmentos de Mata Atlântica amostrados na Reserva, destaca-se a Mata de Pacangê, com ocorrência de 96 espécies, sendo que 24 dessas só ocorreram nesse fragmento. Com relação aos grupos briocenológicos, observou-se o predomínio do corticícolo, com 91 espécies, sendo 24 exclusivas, indicando que o córtex de caule e ramos vivos são os substratos preferenciais. A maioria das espécies obteve o padrão neotropical e com distribuição ampla no Brasil, embora se tenha registrado um bom número de espécies com distribuição restrita a 1-3 estados. Os resultados encontrados apontam para a importância dos fragmentos de Mata Atlântica da Reserva como repositórios de espécies floristicamente importantes, bem como para a necessidade dos inventários florísticos como ferramenta básica para a obtenção dos padrões de biodiversidade.
Comparação entre biomassas de quatro ordens de artrópodes cursores em três fitofisionomias da paisagem (Igrapiúna, Bahia, Brasil)
Authors: Xavier Ariane Lima , Galindo Toni Pablo Souto , Ferreira Patrícia Alves , Moura Perimar Espírito Santo de , Almeida Carolina Estevam de Pinho
Published: April 2022

Áreas compostas por matrizes florestadas e sistemas agroflorestais podem minimizar os efeitos da fragmentação ao conectar remanescentes de vegetação nativa. Neste estudo, avaliou-se a biomassa de quatro grupos de artrópodes cursores que ocorrem na matriz de seringal e nos fragmentos florestais em estádios iniciais e avançados de regeneração, com intuito de verificar a permeabilidade da monocultura (Hevea brasiliensis) e sua possível utilização como área de conexão entre fragmentos florestais isolados. Oito pontos aleatórios foram marcados nas três fitofisionomias e quatro armadilhas foram instaladas em cada ponto. Os artrópodes capturados foram separados por grandes grupos (ordem) e sua biomassa (peso úmido) foi determinada. As ordens escolhidas foram Araneae, Dermaptera, Blattaria e Isopoda. Araneae e Isopoda foram mais abundantes no seringal, enquanto Dermaptera e Blattaria nos fragmentos. Os valores de biomassa apresentaram maior amplitude de variação entre os pontos amostrais dos fragmentos do que os pontos do seringal. Não foi detectada diferença significativa considerando as três fitofisionomias, contudo, ao analisar as interações entre os níveis do fator (três fitofisionomias comparadas dois a dois), foi verificada significância entre fragmentos em estádio avançado de regeneração e plantações de seringal. A menor biomassa apresentada pelo seringal pode indicar a sua ineficiência para a conexão dos remanescentes de mata.
O uso de recursos naturais pelos artesãos da Aldeia Hippie de Arembepe, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Casal Francisco S. C. , Reis Patrícia Santana , Silva Régila Paula da , Castro Marina Siqueira de
Published: April 2022

The hippie village of Arembepe is one of the few still existing in the world. Currently this local community is composed by not more than 50 people (children and adults). They look for a new style of life isolated from the great urban centers and encircled by the nature. The art craft is the main economic activity. For the confection of the art craft the community uses the local and external natural local resources. In this study it was possible to identify the intense use of seeds (86.5%). Of the 23 plant resources used by craftsmen of the hippie village, six are locally found: Cocos nucifera L., Crotalaria retusa L., Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Coix lacrima-jobi L., and Canna indica L. The majority of the used seeds (75%) come from other regions of the country, gotten through purchase in specific stores and/or exchange with craftsmen fron other localities. The habit to collecting the seeds and of planting species that supply the necessary seeds for the subsistence of local art craft was observed among the craftsmen of Arembepe village.
Uso de animais medicinais na comunidade de Bom Sucesso, Soledade, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Alves Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega , Soares Taiza Cunha , Mourão José da Silva
Published: April 2022

Although several animal species have been used for therapeutic purposes in Brazil, researches on this subject are still scarce. Some of these animals are registered in books and Red Lists of rare or threatened species, which shows the need to consider tzootherapy in a conservationist perspective. By that context, the present work aimed to inventory the medicinal animal species used in rural areas of the municipality district of Soledade, Paraíba State. The data were collected from visits to rural residents who answered semi-structured questionnaires. The results showed that 23 medicinal animal species are used for the treatment of 25 diseases. The animals can be used entirely or in parts, sometimes associated with medicinal plants. Besides the cultural aspects, zootherapy is also influenced by socioeconomic context, since animal-based medicines are alternativelly employed against the allopathic drugs. Further studies on the use of animals as medicine should be made, since such practices are common in Brazil and have implications for the conservation and sustainability of animals.
Folclore e biologia de alguns invertebrados I
Authors: Nomura Hitoshi
Published: April 2022

Esta parte I trata da biologia e folclore de alguns invertebrados, começando pelos Protozoários e chegando até os Nematelmintos. Os dados folclóricos referentes a esses animais foram encontrados na literatura escrita pelos cronistas, viajantes e naturalistas que percorreram o Brasil, envolvendo aspectos relativos às crenças, lendas e superstições, sendo acompanhados de alguns dados obtidos pelo autor.
Lamiaceae e Verbenaceae em Inselbergues do Semi-árido da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Lima Carla Teixeira de , França Flávio
Published: April 2022

An account of the Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae species from inselbergs of semi-arid of Bahia is done. The materials studied comprise collections from the study areas and specimens from herbaria collected in other localities. A total of 15 species were registered: Aegiphila integrifolia, Hyptis fruticosa, H. pectinata and Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Lamiaceae); Lantana camara, L. canescens, L. fucata, L. sp., Lippia elliptica, L. microphylla, L. pohliana, L thymoides, Priva bahiensis, Stachytarpheta angustifolia and S. bicolor (Verbenaceae).
Commercialization of Uranoscodon superciliosus Linnaeus, 1758 (Tropiduridae) for magical-religious purposes in North and Northeastern of Brazil
Authors: Alves Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega
Published: April 2022

[no abstract]
First record of Elasmus polistis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), parasitoid of Polistes versicolor (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Jacques Gabriel Castro , Francisco Sheliane C. C. , Silveira Luis Cláudio P.
Published: April 2022

The social wasps of the order Hymenoptera, family Vespidae and subfamily Polistinae, perform important ecological functions such as pollination and predation, including pest insects, and can be an important resource in biological control. Some species of parasitoids attack nests of social wasps causing mortality in the early stages of development, thus impairing the biological control exercised by these insects. This study aimed to verify the occurrence and identify parasitoids in nests of Polistes versicolor Olivier, 1971, at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais (IFMG) - Campus Bambuí, Brazil. In total, 14 nests of P. versicolor were collected. The parasitism rate was 28.57%, and parasitoids were recorded in four of the 14 nests collected. The presence of parasitized nests may be due to the absence of a protective envelope, typical of the nest of P. versicolor. The emerged parasitoid belongs to the species Elasmus polistis Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a species identified in nests of social wasps only in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. To the best our knowledge, this is the first study that shows the occurrence of E. polistis parasitizing social wasps in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil.
Regulation of Mus81-Eme1 structure-specific endonuclease by Eme1 SUMO-binding and Rad3ATR kinase is essential in the absence of Rqh1BLM helicase
Authors: Giaccherini Cédric , Scaglione Sarah , Coulon Stéphane , Dehé Pierre-Marie , Gaillard Pierre-Henri L.
Published: April 2022

The Mus81-Eme1 structure-specific endonuclease is crucial for the processing of DNA recombination and late replication intermediates. In fission yeast, stimulation of Mus81-Eme1 in response to DNA damage at the G2/M transition relies on Cdc2CDK1 and DNA damage checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of Eme1 and is critical for chromosome stability in absence of the Rqh1BLM helicase. Here we identify Rad3ATR checkpoint kinase consensus phosphorylation sites and two SUMO interacting motifs (SIM) within a short N-terminal domain of Eme1 that is required for cell survival in absence of Rqh1BLM. We show that direct phosphorylation of Eme1 by Rad3ATR is essential for catalytic stimulation of Mus81-Eme1. Chk1-mediated phosphorylation also contributes to the stimulation of Mus81-Eme1 when combined with phosphorylation of Eme1 by Rad3ATR. Both Rad3ATR- and Chk1-mediated phosphorylation of Eme1 as well as the SIMs are critical for cell fitness in absence of Rqh1BLM and abrogating bimodal phosphorylation of Eme1 along with mutating the SIMs is incompatible with rqh1Δ cell viability. Our findings unravel an elaborate regulatory network that relies on the poorly structured N-terminal domain of Eme1 and which is essential for the vital functions Mus81-Eme1 fulfills in absence of Rqh1BLM.
Improving the reliability of cohesion policy databases
Authors: Lo Piano Samuele , Borgonovo Emanuele , Puy Arnald , Saltelli Andrea , Walsh John , Vidoni Daniele
Published: April 2022

In this contribution, we present an innovative data-driven model to reconstruct a reliable temporal pattern for time-lagged statistical monetary figures. Our research cuts across several domains regarding the production of robust economic inferences and the bridging of top-down aggregated information from central databases with disaggregated information obtained from local sources or national statistical offices. Our test bed case study is the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The application we discuss deals with the reported time lag between the local expenditures of ERDF by beneficiaries in Italian regions and the corresponding payments reported in the European Commission database. Our model reconstructs the timing of these local expenditures by back-dating the observed European Commission reimbursements. The inferred estimates are then validated against the expenditures reported from the Italian National Managing Authorities (NMAs) in terms of cumulative monetary difference. The lower cumulative yearly distance of our modelled expenditures compared to the official European Commission payments confirms the robustness of our model. Using sensitivity analysis, we also analyse the relative importance of the modelling parameters on the cumulative distance between the modelled and reported expenditures. The parameters with the greatest influence on the uncertainty of this distance are the following: first, how the non-clearly regionalised expenditures are attributed to individual regions; and second, the number of backward years that the residuals of the yearly payments are spread onto. In general, the distance between the modelled and reported expenditures can be further reduced by fixing these parameters. However, the gain is only marginal for some regions. The present study paves the way for modelling exercises that are aimed at more reliable estimates of the expenditures on the ground by the ultimate beneficiaries of European funds. Additionally, the output databases can contribute to enhancing the reliability of econometric studies on the effectiveness of European Union (EU) funds.
The challenge of SARS-CoV-2 environmental monitoring in schools using floors and portable HEPA filtration units: Fresh or relic RNA?
Authors: Zuniga-Montanez Rogelio , Coil David A. , Eisen Jonathan A. , Pechacek Randi , Guerrero Roque G. , Kim Minji , Shapiro Karen , Bischel Heather N.
Published: April 2022

Testing surfaces in school classrooms for the presence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can provide public-health information that complements clinical testing. We monitored the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in five schools (96 classrooms) in Davis, California (USA) by collecting weekly surface-swab samples from classroom floors and/or portable high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) units (n = 2,341 swabs). Twenty-two surfaces tested positive, with qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from 36.07–38.01. Intermittent repeated positives in a single room were observed for both floor and HEPA filter samples for up to 52 days, even following regular cleaning and HEPA filter replacement after a positive result. We compared the two environmental sampling strategies by testing one floor and two HEPA filter samples in 57 classrooms at Schools D and E. HEPA filter sampling yielded 3.02% and 0.41% positivity rates per filter sample collected for Schools D and E, respectively, while floor sampling yielded 0.48% and 0% positivity rates. Our results indicate that HEPA filter swabs are more sensitive than floor swabs at detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in interior spaces. During the study, all schools were offered weekly free COVID-19 clinical testing through Healthy Davis Together (HDT). HDT also offered on-site clinical testing in Schools D and E, and upticks in testing participation were observed following a confirmed positive environmental sample. However, no confirmed COVID-19 cases were identified among students associated with classrooms yielding positive environmental samples. The positive samples detected in this study appeared to contain relic viral RNA from individuals infected before the monitoring program started and/or RNA transported into classrooms via fomites. High-Ct positive results from environmental swabs detected in the absence of known active infections supports this conclusion. Additional research is needed to differentiate between fresh and relic SARS-CoV-2 RNA in environmental samples and to determine what types of results should trigger interventions.
Body size measuring techniques enabling stress-free growth monitoring of extreme preterm infants inside incubators: A systematic review
Authors: van Gils Ronald H. J. , Wauben Linda S. G. L. , Helder Onno K.
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Growth monitoring of preterm infants is essential for assessing the nutritional effects on their growth. The current growth monitoring techniques are too stressful, however, for the smallest preterm infants. We performed a systematic review to summarize studies on stress-free techniques for measuring the body size of preterm infants inside incubators other than the traditional calliper and tape measure-based instruments.

Methods

We searched four online literature databases: Embase, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane, using search terms related to patients (neonates, infants, children) and body size measuring techniques. By means of expert judgement we assessed the techniques’ suitability for stress-free body size measurement of an infant lying in an incubator. As a criterion for suitability, we used an imaginary ideal technique.

Results

Twenty-six studies were included in this review. In 24 studies, the technique for body size measurement was related to 3D technology, and the majority of these studies acknowledged clinical superiority of 3D over 2D data. Two 3D techniques were assessed as suitable for stress-free measurement of preterm infants inside incubators. The first technique used a commercially available 3D handheld scanner which needed 3D postprocessing to derive measurement data. The second technique used a self-developed stereoscopic vision system.

Conclusions

3D volumetric parameters have higher clinical value for growth monitoring than 2D. In addition, contactless 3D measurements enable stress-free growth monitoring of even the smallest preterm infants. However, the time-consuming 3D postprocessing challenges the usability of 3D techniques. Regrettably, none of the identified suitable 3D techniques met all our requirements of an ideal all-in-one body size measuring technique for extreme preterm infants. Handheld 3D scanning might have the best properties for developing this ideal technique.