bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of ectoparasitic insects among domestic goats in Bulgaria
Authors: Stefanov Nizamov Nikola
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: Ectoparasitic entomoses cause serious economic losses to small-scale farmers. Parasites have both direct and indirect impacts on hosts. Domestic goats are a common target of infestation with ectoparasitic insects. This study aimed to identify the species of ectoparasitic insects in domestic goats in Bulgaria. Materials and Methods: The study was performed in 34 farms from 29 settlements in 16 regions of Bulgaria. A total of 4599 goats from eight breeds, naturally infested with ectoparasitic insects were included in the study. The goats were inspected with a magnifying glass for the presence of skin changes (alopecia, dandruff, crusts, and nodules), eggs and adult ectoparasites. The detected insects were collected individually with tweezers and preserved in containers with 70% ethanol. Over the study period, 5,651 insects were collected; their species, sex, and developmental stage were identified by their morphological features and biometric measurements. Results: Six species from 5 genera were detected: Linognathus stenopsis Burmeister, 1838; Linognathus africanus Kellog and Paine, 1911; Bovicola caprae Gurlt, 1843; Pulex irritans Linnaeus, 1758; Hippobosca equina Linnaeus, 1758; and Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus, 1758. Linognathus stenopsis were the most prevalent, followed by B. caprae and P. irritans. In detected lice populations, female insects were more numerous; female: male ratios ranged from 2.2 to 7.2 and imagines prevailed over the nymphs. In fleas, male imagines were more numerous than females (1:0.8). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the species L. stenopsis, L. africanus, B. caprae, and P. irritans were encountered in more than 40% of surveyed farms, situated in 68.75% of regions in Bulgaria. The most intense infestation was by species from the Linognathus genus (907 insects), whereas the highest extensity of infestation was registered for P. irritans (32.3%). This study detected P. irritans as the only flea species. Keywords: Bulgaria, ectoparasites, fleas, goats, lice, prevalence.
Wpływ spieniania chemicznego na strukturę i wybrane właściwości PA6 wzmocnionego włóknem szklanym
Authors: Konczal Natalia , Nowinka Bartosz , Bieliński Marek
Published: April 2023

Zbadano wpływ procesu spieniania chemicznego na strukturę (SEM) oraz wybrane właściwościpoliamidu 6 wzmocnionego włóknem szklanym (30, 60 % mas.). Oznaczono gęstość, właściwościmechaniczne przy rozciąganiu i udarność Charpy’ego. Jako porofor stosowano Hydrocerol ITP 825w ilości 2% mas. Wielkość porów i stopień spieniania zależały od odległości od punku wtryskiwania.Najmniejszą wielkość porów (64 μm) stwierdzono w przypadku poliamidu zawierającego 60% mas.włókna szklanego.
Application of the multivariate and univariate analyses to estimate the feed efficiency in beef cattle
Authors: Oliveira Tadeu Silva de , Silva Ismael Nacarati , Aniceto Elon Souza , Júnior José Ribeiro Meirelles
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to compare the univariate analyses (relationship between dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG), Kleiber ratio, and residual feed intake) and multivariate analysis (bionutritional index [BNI]) to determine feed efficiency. Were used a total of 160 cattle (individual data) and the analyzed variables were dry matter intake, weight gain, and body weight of the animals. We used five methods to evaluate feed efficiency, the BNI, FE, corrected feeding efficiency (corFE), Kleiber ratio (KR), and residual feed intake (RFI).  Study 1 demonstrated that only the FE (p=0.0472) was significant, although the FE after the transformation of Box-Cox (corFE) (p=0.0642) showed a statistical trend. In studies 2, 3, and 5, we observed that BNI was the best biological efficiency indicator. In the study 4, we observed that the best indicators were FE (0.110; p=0.0281), corFE (0.380; p=0.0429), and RFI (0.465; p=0.0340) for the genders. However, corFE decreased the coefficient of variation in all studies. In conclusion, the use of the Box-Cox transformation is as efficient as the multivariate analysis in discriminating experimental groups (genetic groups, different levels of concentrate in the diet, and genders) concerning the other univariate analyzes.
TETAP SAKINAH DI TENGAH PANDEMI: Usaha Korban Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja di Dusun Rejodadi Desa Campurejo Kecamatan Panceng Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Musyafaah Nur Lailatul , Ilmiyah Alif Safinatul , Safitri Lely Dewi , F. M. Zakky Tasywirul
Published: April 2023

As a result of the Covid-19 outbreak, numerous companies have terminated their employee ties. It has an impact on their life at home. The efforts of Rejodadi Campurejo Panceng Gresik village lay off victims to care for their families during the covid-19 outbreak are examined in this essay. Interviews and observations are used to acquire data. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, according to this study, contributed to the layoff of certain people of Rejodadi Village, Campurejo Village, Panceng District, Gresik Regency. As a result, they must fight for their family's survival. Finding another work, managing the family's financial habits, developing good communication between family members, and mentally and spiritually strengthening each other are among their efforts to keep the family in a condition of hurt. The layoff victim was able to keep his family in a state of harmony or sakinahAdanya covid-19 menyebabkan beberapa perusahaan memutuskan hubungan kerja dengan pegawainya. Hal tersebut berimbas pada kehidupan rumah tangga mereka.Artikel ini mengkaji tentang upaya korban PHK warga Dusun Rejodadi Campurejo Panceng Gresik untuk menjaga keluarga sakinah pada masa pandemi covid-19. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan wawancara dan observasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secarakualitatif deskriptif dengan pola pikir deduktif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dampak pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan beberapa warga Dusun Rejodadi Desa Campurejo Kecamatan Panceng Kabupaten Gresik kehilangan pekerjaan karena diPHK oleh perusahaannya. Upaya mereka untuk mempertahankan keadaan sakinah dalam keluarga adalah mencari pekerjaan lain, mengatur pola keuangan keluarga, menjalin komunikasi yang baik antar anggota keluarga, dan saling menguatkan mental dan spiritual. Dengan upaya tersebut, korban PHK berhasil menjaga keluarganya tetap dalam kondisi sakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah.
KE ARAH PEMBARUAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM: Kontribusi Teori Penyusutan (al-Qabḍ) dan Pengembangan (al-Basṭ) Abdul Karim Soroush
Authors: Bahri Syaiful
Published: April 2023

This article examines Abdul Karim Soroush's theory of contraction (al-Qabḍ) and expansion (al-Basṭ) in religious interpretation, as well as his contribution to the reform of Islamic Family Law. To address this issue, the author conducted a literature review, examining Soroush's works as well as other data related to the topics discussed. The collected data was analyzed using content analysis techniques. Based on the research, Soroush's theory of contraction (al-Qabḍ) and expansion (al-Basṭ) seeks to demonstrate that religion and understanding of religion are two distinct entities. Religion is absolute and unchanging. Religious understanding, on the other hand, is relative and dynamic. Furthermore, this theory contributes to the renewal of the study of Islamic Family Law, specifically by positioning this knowledge as a result of understanding religion rather than as a religion. Furthermore, in the process of reforming the study of Islamic Family Law, other disciplines outside of the religious sciences, particularly science and social humanities sciences, are involved. Artikel ini membahas teori penyusutan (al-Qabḍ) dan pengembangan (al-Basṭ) dalam interpretasi agama yang digagas Abdul Karim Soroush, sekaligus melihat kontribusinya terhadap pembaruan Hukum Keluarga Islam. Untuk membahas persoalan tersebut, penulis melakukan studi pustaka dengan mengkaji karya-karya yang ditulis Soroush, dan data-data lain yang berhubungan dengan tema yang dibahas. Data-data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan tehnik analisis isi. Artikel ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa teori penyusutan (al-Qabḍ) dan pengembangan (al-Basṭ) yang ditawarkan Soroush berupaya untuk menunjukkan bahwa antara agama dan pemahaman terhadap agama merupakan dua entitas yang berbeda. Agama bersifat absolut dan statis. Sedang pemahaman terhadap agama bersifat relatif dan dinamis. Selain itu, teori ini juga berkontribusi terhadap pembaruan kajian Hukum Keluarga Islam, yakni dalam hal memposisikan ilmu ini sebagai hasil pemahaman agama, dan bukan sebagai agama. Juga dalam hal bahwa dalam proses pembaruan terhadap kajian Hukum Keluarga Islam dilakukan dengan melibatkan disiplin ilmu lain di luar ilmu agama, terutama sains dan ilmu sosial-humaniora.
MARRIAGE FOR COVERING DISGRACE: The Practice of Kawi' Pura Tradition in the East Kolaka Muslim Society
Authors: Darlis Syamsul
Published: April 2023

According to the Indonesian Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), unmarried pregnant women may only be married to the men who impregnated them. However, this rule is frequently disregarded by the Kolaka Muslim society. They typically opt for kawi' pura tradition to tackle the case, which is to marry the pregnant woman to another man. This marriage is followed by a contract stipulating an immediate divorce. Its purpose is to conceal shame or disgrace. This article seeks to investigate the rationale behind the practice of kawi' pura. Data were collected through observation and interviews and then analyzed qualitatively. This article finds that the implementation of the tradition is driven by four factors: the pressure to cover up family disgrace, adherence to ancestral traditions, lack of awareness of marriage law, and low levels of public education. Normatively, this practice is not justified by Islamic law. In state law, this practice is not clearly regulated or prohibited; however, it contradicts the principle of the Marriage Law either according to the Compilation or Islamic marriage law in general.[Menurut Kompilasi Hukum Islam Indonesia (KHI), wanita hamil yang belum menikah hanya boleh dinikahkan dengan pria yang menghamilinya. Namun, aturan ini sering diabaikan oleh sebagian orang Kolaka. Mereka biasanya memilih tradisi kawi' pura untuk menangani kasus ini, yaitu mengawinkan wanita hamil dengan pria lain. Perkawinan ini diikuti dengan perjanjian perkawinan yang menetapkan perceraian langsung, karena tujuan utamanya adalah untuk menutupi aib. Artikel ini berusaha menyelidiki alasan di balik praktik kawi' pura. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara, kemudian diinterpretasikan secara kualitatif. Setelah melakukan penelitian lapangan, artikel ini menemukan bahwa pelaksanaan tradisi ini didorong oleh empat faktor: tekanan untuk menutupi aib, kepatuhan terhadap tradisi leluhur, kurangnya kesadaran tentang hukum perkawinan nasional, dan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat. Secara normatif, praktik ini tidak dibenarkan oleh hukum Islam. Dalam hukum negara, praktik ini juga tidak diatur atau dilarang secara tegas, tetapi praktik ini kontras dengan asas perkawinan baik menurut Kompilasi Hukum Islam maupun Hukum Perkawinan Islam secara umum.]
Popular Islamist Authoritative Parenting: A Contest of Identity in Islamic Education for Early Childhood
Authors: Mustakim Bagus , Hasan Noorhaidi , Lessy Zulkipli
Published: April 2023

Purpose - This article aims to explain the values ​​of Islamism that are reproduced in animated videos of children, the religious style that is developed, and the identity of parenting that is constructed and contested.

Methods - The study was conducted qualitatively with a phenomenological approach, namely by constructing understanding, motivation, and parenting practices reproduced in animated videos. Data were collected through video documentation and analyzed by discourse analysis.

Findings - It is concluded that: 1)the Islamism reproduced in the animation of Nussa leads to the development of Salafism values ​​in early childhood care. 2) This development uses the Salafi religious style as a parenting style and practice which I call the popular Islamist authoritative parenting model. 3) This parenting model is encouraged to gain symbolic power in order to win authority in the field of early childhood care.

Research limitation - The research was conducted on 30 animated videos of Nussa which were published in the first season.

Originality/Value - The findings of this study provide an overview of popular Islamist authoritative parenting that is promoted as a model of Islamic early childhood care.
Developing Religious Moderation in Indonesian Islamic Schools Through the Implementation of the Values of Islām Wasaṭiyyah
Authors: Muqowim Muqowim , Sibawaihi Sibawaihi , Alsulami Naif Daifullah
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims at identifying the importance of religious moderation through understanding and practicing the values of Islām wasaṭiyyah in the learning process in Indonesian madrasah.

Design/methods/approach – Using a historical approach, this qualitative study investigates the practices of the values of Islām wasaṭiyyah by medieval Muslim figures ​​and explores indicators of success in learning based on those values ​​in madrasah. Data were collected through document analysis.

Findings – The authors found that of the seven values selected—tolerance, egalitarian, dynamic and innovative, reform, taking the path middle, balance, and prioritizing the priority—the figures practiced them simultaneously. The indicators of success in learning are students, teachers, and parents have an awareness of the importance of the values ​​of wasaṭiyyah; students become the center of pedagogy reflecting those values; students and teachers act independently in implementing those values; students and teachers are involved in collaboration in developing those values; and there is transformation to the better one due to the inculcation of those values.

Research implications/limitations – Because the study applies a historical approach, it uses only documents as its data source. Future studies can use interviews and observations so that the results are more trustworthy.

Originality/value – The findings of the study provide an overview of the extent to which the values of Islām wasaṭiyyah have been practiced in Islamic schools in Indonesia.
Developing a Google Form-based Instrument for Measuring the Spiritual Attitude of the Students Class XI
Authors: Eva Farida , Widihastuti Widihastuti , Istiyono Edi
Published: April 2023

Purpose – This study aims to construct an instrument for assessing the spiritual attitudes of moral subjects and how much the contribution of these spiritual attitudes can be applied in everyday life.

Design/methods/approach – The research approach used by RnD (Research and Development) with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) model. The subjects of this study were students of class XI. Data collection techniques use the Likert scale.

Findings –  The instrument was analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA); in the assessment of spiritual attitudes, there were four factors/dimensions, but the per-factor instrument variables did not correspond to the initial dimensions (obedience, thanksgiving, praying, and tasamuh) with the average value of the loading factor of each factor namely F1 = 0.650, F2 = 0.615, F3 = 0.578 and F4 = 0.774. In contrast, the instrument reliability test obtained a value of 0.705 with a high instrument category. The analysis results produce the findings by making new factors, namely tasamuh, gratitude, worship, and aqidah. 

Research implications/limitation – This spiritual attitude assessment can be used in all Madrasah Aliyah in Indonesia. However, due to the limitations of researchers in distributing questionnaires, this research was only conducted in Sintang Regency.

Originality/value – Further research is expected to construct an assessment of the spiritual attitudes of students in terms of more specific aspects of learning and daily life.
Utilizing Item Response Theory Approach for Calibrating Items in the Final Assessment of Islamic Cultural History Subject
Authors: Prihatin Rani Putri , Fatonah Siti , Ahmad Iqbal Faza
Published: April 2023

Purpose –The aim of this exploratory descriptive study with a IRT approach is to evaluate the quality of items used in the final assessment of 10th grade Islamic cultural history subject at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 2 Bantul Yogyakarta.

Design/methods/approach–Data was collected through documentation of student responses at the end of the year assessment. Student response data were analyzed using the item response theory approach.

Findings – Based on the analysis of 25 questions on the Islamic Cultural History subject at MAN 2 Bantul, the study concludes that the instrument fits the 1 PL model (Logistics parameter), as indicated by the results of the model fit test. The parameter analysis of item difficulty level with the 1 PL model reveals that 7 items fall under the very easy category, 5 items under the easy category, 9 items under the medium category, and 4 items under the very difficult category. Notably, none of the items fall under the difficult category in this 1 PL model.

Research implications/limitations –The findings on the distribution of item difficulty levels could guide educators in revising and improving the quality of assessment tools, ensuring that the questions are well-balanced and challenging enough to effectively evaluate students' knowledge and skills. Moreover, the absence of items falling under the difficult category in the 1 PL model suggests a need for more rigorous and challenging items to enhance the validity and reliability of the assessment instrument.

Originality/value–The research value of this study lies in its contribution to the development of a valid and reliable assessment tool in the field of Islamic cultural history subject.
Positive Parenting from the Perspective of Luqman Al-Hakim
Authors: Rahmatullah Azam Syukur , Marpuah Siti
Published: April 2023

Purpose–This study aims to exlpore more deeply the positive parenting based on QS Luqman verses 13-19, which discusses parenting by Luqman and is made an exemplary role model of "positive parenting" by Allah SWT. It is so that parenting is created oriented towards the Qur'an and does not deviate from the "standard rules" of parenting based on the Qur'an. Hence, it is expected that there will be products for raising children who are illahiyah pious and socially pious.

Design/methods/approach–This qualitative research with a content analysis approach explored and discussed the contents of written or printed information in the mass media more deeply. In this case, the researcher searched for articles closely related to parenting issues and about Luqman al-Hakim through Google Scholar.

Findings– This study highlights several of Luqman's parenting characteristics that made him intelligent in raising children, i.e., being firm in matters of faith in QS Luqman verses 13 and 17, gentle in speaking in QS Luqman verses 13, 16, and 17, attached to the child (intimacy) in QS Luqman verses 13, 16, 17, 18, and 19, and constantly reminding children to do good in QS Luqman verses 13, 16, 17, 18, and 19.

Research implications/limitations–Some of Luqman's parenting styles successfully explored based on QS Luqman, including parenting based on being valued, parenting based on understanding and enlightening, and parenting based on self-control.

Originality/value–Research with the theme of positive parenting originated from the verses of the Qur'an about Luqman al-Hakim has not been studied much. Generally, studies only revolve around parenting, ways of educating, and Luqman Hakim's parenting concept. Nevertheless, studies related to positive parenting have not been found. Therefore, research is pure, rich in novelty, and has a positive scientific contribution.
Modeling the Way: Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Materi Optimis, Ikhtiar, dan Tawakal di Kelas IX SMP
Authors: Khofiyah Siti
Published: April 2023

The implementation of learning requires effective and relevant learning to improve students' skills. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the active learning strategy Modeling the Way in the learning process, especially in Islamic Religious Education and Moral Education learning on Optimistic, Endeavor, and Tawakal material. This research is a type of classroom action research. This study uses two cycles where each cycle consists of four stages: planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. Data collection techniques using observation techniques. While the data collection tool is in the form of observation sheets. The subjects of this study were class IX students at SMP N 1 Kesesi. The results of the study show that the active learning strategy Modeling the Way is effective to be applied in the learning process of Islamic Religious Education and Characteristics in Optimistic, Endeavor, and Tawakal material. This can be seen from the increased achievement of student learning outcomes from an average of 64.68 to 91.09.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Modena (1175–1800)
Authors: De la Croix David , Zanardello Chiara
Published: April 2023

This note summarizes our research into the scholars and literati of the University of Modena between its foundation in 1175 and the eve of the Industrial Revolution (1800).
EFFECT OF MELINJO SEED EXTRACT ON URIC ACID LEVELS OF HYPERURICEMIC MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Rayhan Al Ghiffari Muhammad , Maharani Nani , Mahati Endang , Nindita Yora
Published: April 2023

Background : Uric acid is the end product of purine catabolism carried out in the liver. Increased level of uric acid in blood is called hyperuricemia, which might cause gout if it is not treated properly. Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) plant is a native plant of Indonesia that contains flavonoids and stilbenoid potential as antihyperuricemia. Aim : This paper aimed to study the effect of melinjo seed extract on uric acid levels. Methods : Thirty-six male wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, consists of healthy control group, hyperuricemic control, Allopurinol control, and treatment groups (3 groups).  Hyperuricemia was induced by the administration of block broth and potassium oxonate for 4 weeks. Melinjo seed extract doses of 250, 500, and 2000 mg/kg BW, and allopurinol 90 mg/kg BW was given orally for 2 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences among groups before and after the intervention. Results : Three doses could significantly reduce uric acid levels (p<0.05) from 5.61±0.95 to 2.45±1.21; 5.86±1.84 to 2.04±1.11; and 5.95±0.91 to 3.59±1.58, respectively. However, there is no significant difference between the three doses. The effectiveness of melinjo seed extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg BW reduced uric acid levels by 65%, a dose of 250 mg/kg BW by 56%, and allopurinol 90 mg/kg BW by 10%. Conlusion : Melinjo seed extract can reduce uric acid levels even though there is no effect of graded dose.
EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF 0.2% CHLORHEXIDINE AND HIBISCUS (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) EXTRACT AGAINST Streptococcus sp BACTERIA ON DENTAL PLAQUE
Authors: Sakuntala Athalaila Azzahrasukma , Antari Arlita Leniseptaria , Kusuma Ira Anggar , Nindita Yora
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: Streptococcus sp colonies are Gram-positive coccus bacteria that play a role in the formation of dental plaque and cause dental caries. However, dental caries can be prevented with the gold standard mouthwash, namely chlorhexidine. In other studies, many mouthwashes have been developed using traditional ingredients that have antibacterial potential, one of which is hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.). This is due to the presence of chemical compounds that can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus sp in dental plaque.Objectives: Testing the effectiveness of 0.2% chlorhexidine and H. rosa sinensis L. extract against Streptococcus sp in dental plaque.Method: Laboratory experimental research with pre and post test only control group design on 6 groups. Group K- (aquades), K+ (chlorhexidine), H. rosa sinensis L. extract 6.25% (P1), 12.5% (P2), 25% (P3), 40% (P4). Each of these groups consisted of 4 subjects. Data were obtained by counting the number of Streptococcus sp colonies before and after gargling which had been streak-cultured on blood agar media. The statistical analysis used the Shapiro Wilk test showed significant results P ≥ 0.05, followed by the One Way ANOVA parametric test. While the not significant results with the Kruskall Wallis non-parametric test.Results: There was a significant difference between the 4 concentrations of H. rosa sinensis L. extract 6.25% (P1), 12.5% (P2), 25% (P3), and 40% (P4) with the control (+) (p = 0 .00), and at a concentration of 25% (P3) effectively inhibited the growth of Streptococcus sp bacteria by 12.5%.Conclusion: H. rosa sinensis L. extract was effective compared to 0.2% chlorhexidine in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus sp. Administration of various concentrations of H. rosa sinensis L. mouthwash extract inhibited the growth of Streptococcus sp, and at a concentration of 25% (P3) effectively inhibited Streptococcus sp by 12.5%.
Comparison of Caffeine Intake and Brain Training Effect on Performance Intelligence
Authors: Pamungkas Gianina Dinda , Hardian Hardian , Sumekar Tanjung Ayu , Gumay Ainun Rahmasari , Jusup Innawati
Published: April 2023

Background: Intelligence is the ability to comprehend complex ideas and reasoning. Caffeine is a psychoactive substance that is known to possess an effect on improving cognitive function, memory, and attention. Brain training is a digital training process which holds the purpose of enhancing cognitive function.Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of caffeine and brain training on performance  intelligence.Methods: This research is an experimental study with two groups pre test and post test design. The research sample was the college students of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro (n=42) aged between 18-22 years old, which then categorized into: the caffeine group (n=21) which received 50 ml once daily of caffeinated beverage for two weeks, and brain training group (n=21) which received 30-minute-session of NeuroNationTM brain training every day for two weeks. Performance intelligence was measured before and after treatment by using The Raven Progressive Matrices test. The statistical analysis used was The Mann-Whitney test and The Wilcoxon test.Results: The average score of performance intelligence on the group caffeine treatment increased from 48,81±9,30 to 55,90±2,95 (p<0,001). In brain training group, increased from 54,95±1,91 to 57,29±1,68 (p<0,001). The two groups were tested for Mann-Whitney Test and it was found that the caffeine group's performance intelligence score was significantly higher than brain training (p = 0.005).Conclusion: There was a significantly higher increase performance intelligence score shown in the caffeine group rather than in the brain training group.Keywords: brain training, caffeine, NeuroNationTM, performance intelligence, Raven Progressive Matrices test
The Protective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa on Lung Damage in Rats due to Cigarette Smoke Exposure
Authors: Fulyani Faizah , Yudhistira Muhammad , Istiadi Hermawan , Dewi Puspita Kusuma , Prihatningtias Riski , Wijayahadi Noor , Armalina Desy
Published: April 2023

Background: Cigarette smoke consists of many free radicals that can reduce antioxidants in the body and further trigger oxidative stress. The state of oxidative stress can be minimized through antioxidant supplementation. Hibiscus sabdariffa (Rosella) is a herbal plant reported to be rich in antioxidants.Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Rosella extract on the microstructure of the lung and plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This research is an experimental study with a post-test-only group design. A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups[L1] . Group K was given standard food and free access to water. Group K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were exposed to 4 cigarettes/day for 30 consecutive days. Before cigarette smoke exposure, each group received treatment with 1 mL saline (K1), vitamin E 0.2 g/kg b.w. (K2), and infused Rosella 0.25 g/kg b.w. (P1), 0.5 g/kg b.w. (P2), and 1 g/kg b.w. (P3). Plasma MDA levels were measured by the TBARS method. Statistical analysis was performed with one way ANOVA test and continued with a post hoc test.Results: Circulated MDA levels of groups K, K1, K2, P1, P2, and P3 were 1.84 ± 0.18 nmol/mL, 9.57 ± 0.27 nmol/mL, 2.24 ± 0.10 nmol/mL, 4.93 ± 0.31 nmol/mL 3.85 ± 0.55 nmol/mL, and 2.62 ± 0.37 nmol/mL respectively. Cigarette smoke exposure in group K showed significantly higher MDA levels (K versus K1; p < 0.001).  The administration of rosella infusion (P1, P2, P3) and or vitamin E supplementation (K2) can significantly suppress the plasma MDA levels due to cigarette smoke exposure ( p < 0.05). The administration of Rosella flower infusion 1 g/kg b.w. has an antioxidant effect similar to vitamin E supplementation 0.2  g/kg b.w. (p = 0.268).Conclusion: The administration of Rosella flower infusion could prevent lung damage from oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure. Keywords: Cigarette, Hibiscus sabdariffa,MDA, Oxidative stress.
Case Report : Fahr’s Disease With Acute Double Hemiparese Manifestation
Authors: Puspamaniar Vania Ayu , Kurniawan Giam, Billy Putera , Ariobimo Bonfilio Neltio , Puspitorini Lisa
Published: April 2023

Fahr's disease is a very rare disease with a prevalence of 1/1,000,000 individuals. We present a case report of a male with sudden double hemiparese and basal ganglia calcification leading to the diagnosis of Fahr's disease. A 59 years old male presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of unable to move his upper and lower extremities in a sudden. The complaint begins with weakness of the right side of the body, followed by weakness of the left side of the body the day after. The serum levels of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and Parathyroid Hormonal (PTH) have not been measured due to the patient’s financial problems. CT scan of the brain showed bilateral, symmetrical, wide areas of calcification over the fossa posterior, basal ganglia, periventricular, and parietal area, which were suggested as Fahr’s disease. The patient is being treated with the injection of neuroprotectant, antibiotic, vitamin, neuropathic analgesia, and fluids. He is also being consulted with medical rehabilitation to get some physical treatments. Treatment goals include: increase and or maintain ROM, prevent contractures, strengthens weak muscles that may be underutilized, improvement and maintenance of postural stability in static postures and during mobility, and fall prevention. Our case highlight sudden double hemiparese which different from previous literature which says that neurological deficit symptoms appear with a chronic nature and the importance of combining pharmacological therapy and physical therapy as in this patient to reduce the patient's morbidity.
Rationality of Use and Effectiveness of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients: An Experience from A Tertiary Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Purnomo Hery Djagat , Prabowo Heru , Permatadewi Cecilia Oktaria , Hutami Hesti Triwahyu , Indiarso Didik , Prasetyo Agung , Hirlan Hirlan
Published: April 2023

Background: Stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) frequently develops in critically ill patients, increasing mortality and length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. There is limited data on stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) on critically ill patients in Indonesia.Objective:Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to the ICU from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2017. The subjects were all ICU patients who used proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) as SUP therapy.Results: A total of 315 patients were included, and mean age was 48 years. Approximately 55.2% were women, and 62.8% of patients were admitted to ICU following high-risk surgery. PPI was given to 187 patients (59.4%) and H2RA to 128 patients (40.6%), with an average usage for 5 days. The incidence of SRMD was 15.9% (n = 50), and mean length of stay in the ICU was 6 days. Gender, age, duration of SUP, and ICU length of stay of the PPI and H2RA groups were not statistically different (p > 0.05) and did not affect the GI event (p > 0.05). The use of rational SUP was 98.4%. Major American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) risk factor criterion was ventilator use (86.8%), while the minor ASHP criterion was anticoagulant therapy (22.2%). The incidence of GI event was significantly lower in PPI groups than H2RA groups (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The use of SUP is rational with an average use of 5 days. PPI are superior to H2RA for SRMD prophylaxis.
Prostatitis as initial manifestation of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing: A case report
Authors: Li Mengjie , Wang Biao , Liu Peng , Wang Huan , Zhu Jian
Published: April 2023

Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) pneumonia is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by C. psittaci, which is often underdiagnosed. The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) provides an unbiased method for the detection of unknown pathogens. A 46-year-old man received empirical treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam and moxifloxacin after an initial diagnosis of prostatitis and pneumonia. However, he experienced recurrent symptoms and a cough, and a chest computed tomography (CT) showed aggravated pulmonary inflammation. Upon further questioning, the patient recalled a history of contact with pigeons, and a bronchoscope alveolar lavage fluid analysis with mNGS suggested C. psittaci infection. Following treatment with doxycycline, the patient’s symptoms were rapidly alleviated, and chest CT showed pulmonary lesions absorption. The patient was followed up for 1 month without any discomfort. This case highlights that initial manifestations of C. psittaci pneumonia may present with atypical symptoms such as prostatitis. Furthermore, mNGS can be a useful tool for the detection of rare or unknown pathogens such as C. psittaci.
Performance analyses of detonation engine cogeneration cycles
Authors: Keven Arzu
Published: April 2023

Aircraft engines such as gas turbines and detonation engines have very important attention by the researchers in the last decades. However, using detonation engines for producing electrical and heat power was not researched efficiently. In this study, gas turbine and pulse detonation engines cogeneration systems were analyzed and compared by using first and second laws of thermodynamics and exergy analysis method. Three different cycles, namely, basic gas turbine, Zeldovich–von Neumann–Döring (ZND) detonation engine and steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems were investigated. The performance analyses and the advantage of these three cycles were obtained and discussed. The performance analyses were done for different compression ratios (r), and the combustion outlet temperatures and pressures, exergy efficiencies, specific fuel consumption, electrical efficiency, exergy fuel consumption, electrical heat rates and other performance parameters of the three cycles were obtained and discussed. It is found that gas turbine cogeneration systems have some advantages and disadvantages in some conditions than ZND cycle. The steam injected regenerative ZND detonation engine cogeneration systems can compete with the Brayton cycle cogeneration systems.
A century of radiology in osteopathic healthcare
Authors: Rosenbaum Robert R.
Published: April 2023

This commemorative note, in recognition of the 100th anniversary of radiology in osteopathic healthcare, reviews the development of the specialty from the initial availability of primitive equipment to its present status as an important component of patient care and a significant element in the consideration of socioeconomic issues affecting patient welfare. The osteopathic medical profession was quick to grasp the potential of the new modality, and its history is an exciting aspect of osteopathic medicine’s progress.
Smoking in women
Authors: Mueller Loretta , Ciervo Carman A.
Published: April 2023

Smoking has numerous increased health risks for women, including the risks for cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastric and duodenal ulcers, reduced fertility, ovulatory dysfunction, ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, sudden infant death, and earlier menopause. Such health risks, smoking cessation therapy, and unique obstacles to smoking cessation in women are the focus of this article.
GM1 gangliosidosis: patients with different phenotypic features and novel mutations
Authors: Emecen Sanli Merve , Dogan Mustafa
Published: April 2023

Objectives

GM1-gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by beta-galactosidase deficiency encoded by GLB1. It is mainly characterized by progressive neurodegeneration due to accumulation of glycosphingolipids in central nervous system and classified into 3 forms according to the age of onset and severity of symptoms.

Case presentations

In this study, we described the demographic, clinical, molecular, biochemical characteristics of 4 patients from 3 unrelated families diagnosed with GM1-gangliosidosis. The ages of the patients included in the study were between 5 months and 10 years old and all were male. All families had third degree consanguinity. Two of the patients were diagnosed as infantile type and the other two siblings were diagnosed as juvenile type. Infantile type patients had coarse facial appearance, developmental delay and early neurodegeneration. Juvenile type patients had mild motor and cognitive developmental delays at the beginning, but they did not have coarse facial features. Cherry-red macula and cardiac involvement were detected in only one infantile patient, while hepatomegaly was present in both infantile type patients. Beta galactosidase enzyme levels were extremely low in all patients and two novel variants were identified in GLB1.

Conclusions

In this study, we identified four patients with different phenotypic features and two new mutations. GM1 gangliosidosis shows clinical heterogeneity according to age of onset. In some patients, developmental delay can be seen before the loss of gained functions. Therefore, this disorder should be kept in mind in patients with developmental delay who have not yet started neurodegeneration. There is no curative treatment for the disease yet, but ongoing gene therapy studies are promising for curing the disease in the future.
Unique clinical presentations and follow-up outcomes from experience with congenital disorders of glycosylation: PMM2-PGM1-DPAGT1-MPI-POMT2-B3GALNT2-DPM1-SRD5A3-CDG
Authors: Yoldas Celik Merve , Yazici Havva , Erdem Fehime , Yuksel Yanbolu Ayse , Aykut Ayca , Durmaz Asude , Zeybek Selcan , Canda Ebru , Kalkan Ucar Sema , Coker Mahmut
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Congenital Glycosylation Disorders (CDG) are a large group of inherited metabolic diseases with multi-organ involvement. Herein, we aimed to expand the clinical characteristics of patients with CDG based on our experience with diagnoses and follow-up of CDG patients from different subtypes.

Methods

The clinical and laboratory findings from the last 15 years were reviewed retrospectively in Ege University Child Metabolism and Nutrition Department.

Results

There were 8 (57.2 %) females and 6 (42.8 %) males. Diagnoses of the patients were PMM2-CDG (n=4), PGM1-CDG (n=2), DPAGT1-CDG (n=2), SRD5A3-CDG (n=2), MPI-CDG (n=1), POMT2-CDG (n=1), B3GALNT2-CDG (n=1), DPM1-CDG (n=1). The clinical findings of the patients were dysmorphia (85.7 %), developmental delay (85.7 %), intellectual disability (85.7 %), ocular abnormalities (64.2 %), skeletal malformations (64.2 %), failure to thrive (57.1 %), microcephaly (57.1 %), hepatomegaly (35.7 %), hearing loss (35.7 %), seizures (28.5 %), gastrointestinal symptoms (21.4 %), endocrine abnormalities (21.4 %), and cardiac abnormalities (7.1 %). Laboratory findings were abnormal TIEF (92.8 %), abnormal liver enzymes (64.2 %), decreased protein C (64.2 %), decreased antithrombin III (64.2 %), decreased protein S (42.8 %), hypogammaglobulinemia (35.7 %), cerebellar hypoplasia (28.5 %), CK elevation (7.1 %), and hypoglycemia (7.1 %).

Conclusions

This study contributes to the literature by sharing our ultra-rare DPM1-CDG case with less than 20 cases in the literature and expanding the clinical and molecular characteristics of other CDG patients. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, short stature, hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, pericardial effusion, elevated CK, congenital myasthenia, and anorectal malformation were unique findings that were observed. Cerebello-ocular findings accompanying multi-organ involvement were an essential clue for a possible CDG.
Adsorption and kinetic studies of chromium (VI) removal using Ag2Cu2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Ali Faisal , Saleem Aimon , Batool Nimra , Khan Hammad Ali , Rehman Roeya , Mehboob Rabia , Akhter Parveen , Hussain Murid
Published: April 2023

This study reports the removal of chromium (VI) from waste aqueous medium using disilver-dicopper oxide nanoparticles (Ag2Cu2O3 NPs) as adsorbent, which were synthesized by adopting reduction route of chemical method and stabilized by emulsifier (sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS]). Synthesized nanoparticles were further characterized using different analysis techniques such as UV–Vis for the detection of NPs via Λmax and their point-zero charge (pzc) determination also done. Whereas, FTIR and XRD were done to determine the functional groups, crystal plane (tetragonal) and crystallite size (15.19 nm) of Ag2Cu2O3 NPs respectively. SEM was used with EDX for morphology and elemental confirmation respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were then employed for the adsorptive removal of chromium (VI) (Cr(VI)). Different parameters including pH, temperature, agitation time, adsorbate and adsorbent’s concentration were also studied. At optimized conditions, 0.5 g adsorbent, 40 ppm concentration of Cr(VI) solution along with 1 h agitation time were studied. Maximum observed adsorption and chromium removal efficiency was 96.66319 %. Four adsorption isotherms namely; Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Harkins-Jeura were employed from which Freundlich adsorption model gives best fitting on experimental results. The kinetic modelling had shown that adsorption process follows second order kinetics. The thermodynamic studies of the adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) also evaluated. The Ag2Cu2O3 NPs adsorbent’s reusability were also determined. The study had proven that Ag2Cu2O3 nanoparticles are efficient adsorbents for the removal of Cr(VI).
Family care of children with chronic conditions in the context of the pandemic by COVID-19
Authors: Macedo Maísa Mara Lopes , Henriques Nayara Luiza , Deodato Sérgio , Duarte Elysângela Dittz
Published: April 2023

Objective: to describe how families experienced the care of children in chronic condition during the pandemic by COVID-19. Methods: qualitative study, guided by the Family Management Style Model, conducted with 24 families of children in chronic condition. The data, collected by telephone contact through semi-structured interviews, were submitted to thematic analysis. Results: data analysis resulted in three thematic categories: Changes in the routine of family members; Emotions triggered in family members and children due to the pandemic; and Implications of the pandemic by COVID-19 for the continuity of care. They highlighted: incorporation of hygiene care, social distancing concomitant to domestic and professional activities at home; and feelings of fear and concern about the children's health and development and the need for caregivers to provide rehabilitation and support for school activities. Conclusion: it was observed that the pandemic changed the family routine, produced negative feelings in families, modified care demands and compromised access to services. Contributions to practice: these results contribute to the identification of the repercussions of COVID-19 on families and children with chronic conditions and can help establish strategies to reduce the consequences of this pandemic and other future health emergencies.
Experiences of deprivation of freedom from the perspective of men and its implications to health care
Authors: Mendes Francisco Daniel Brito , Lopes Zaira de Andrade , Martins Alberto Mesaque , Lima Helder de Pádua , Amorim Marianna de Francisco
Published: April 2023

Objective: to understand the experiences of deprivation of freedom from the perspective of men and their implications to health care. Methods: qualitative study carried out with 10 men serving sentences on probation. Data collection was carried out in individual interviews using a semistructured questionnaire. Data was submitted to content analysis. Results: three categories emerged, which were: Crooked life: living before being deprived of freedom; Caged bird: being a man deprived of freedom; and Time bomb: health care in the prison system. The deprivation of freedom is an experience marked by the lack of safety, considering the health risks in the prison environment, the perception of participants of being vulnerable to disease, and the denial, on the part of the state, of the right to health. Since the access to health is not guaranteed, relatives were the most commonly responsible for organizing care. Conclusion: an unhealthy situation was found, with vulnerability to disease and denial of the right to health in the prison environment. Contributions to practice: this study contributed for sensitizing professionals who work in the prison system, emphasizing the importance of guaranteeing human rights during imprisonment.
Human consumption of turtles of the Homo rudolfensis site Uraha (Malawi, East Africa)
Authors: Karl Hans-Volker
Published: April 2023

Se lleva a cabo una revisión de los taxones de Quelonios de la formación pliopleistocénica de Chiwondo en Malawi conocidos hasta la fecha. El trabajo incluye la presentación de nuevos materiales procedentes del depósito de Uraha, en el distrito de Karonga en el norte de Malawi que fueron recolectados por el «Hominid Corridor Research Project (HCRP)». Las especies descubiertas han sido: Pelomedusa subrufa ssp., Pelusios sinuatus (A. Smith 1838), Cyclanorbis senegalensis (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) and Cycloderma frenatum Peters, 1854. Se trata de depósitos en los que se han encontrado restos de Homo rudolfensis Alexeev, 1986. En la colección de fósiles se incluyen también dos fragmentos de placas de la clavícula de peces gato (Siluroidea: Clariidae) de gran tamaño que aparecen sospechosamente fragmentados de una misma manera a pesar de pertenecer a ejemplares distintos. Los huesos planos procedían del área engrosada de la articulación del radio de la aleta pectoral en su zona de inserción con el cleitro. Este hallazgo viene a añadirse a otro realizado presumiblemente por los homínidos en un caparazón de tortuga. Toda esta evidencia de consumo de animales acuáticos podría apoyar la «hipótesis del simio acuático» defendida por Morgan (1997), Verhaegen (2000) y Niemitz (2006, 2010).