bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Diagnosis and Reconfiguration for Mobile Robot Localization Based on Multi-Sensors Data Fusion
Authors: Hachemi Linda , Guiatni Mohamed , Nemra Abedlkrim
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we propose a new approach for fault tolerant localization using multi-sensors data fusion for a unicycle-type mobile robot. The main contribution of this paper is a new architecture proposal for fault diagnosis and reconfiguration for mobile robot localization using multi-sensors data fusion and the duplication/comparison approach. Four different sensors usually embedded in mobile robots (Camera, IMU, GPS, and Odometer) are considered, while six different sensors couples combinations are used for sensor data fusion and the duplication of the localization and estimation system. In order to reach this aim, three different filters (EKF, SVSF, and ASVSF) have been proposed and compared. For each selected filter, a comparison mechanism is then introduced to compute different residuals by comparing the estimated robot position for each sensor couples separately. Faults are then detected using the structural residual diagnosis method. This approach assumes the occurrence of a single fault at a given time. A reconfiguration mechanism is then applied by selected the healthy sensors couple and their corresponding fusion filter. Several scenarios are considered for navigation-based fault tolerant localization approaches. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the advantage and performance of the proposed architecture. The proposed solutions are implemented and validated successfully using the V-REP simulator.
Anxiety, Worry, and Grief in a Time of Environmental and Climate Crisis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ojala Maria , Cunsolo Ashlee , Ogunbode Charles A. , Middleton Jacqueline
Published: June 2021

Climate change worry, eco-anxiety, and ecological grief are concepts that have emerged in the media, public discourse, and research in recent years. However, there is not much literature examining and summarizing the ways in which these emotions are expressed, to what processes they are related, and how they are distributed. This narrative review aims to ( a) summarize research about the relationships between, on the one hand, negative emotions in relation to climate change and other environmental problems and, on the other hand, mental well-being among people in different parts of the world and ( b) examine studies that have explored the potentially constructive role of worry—for example, in the form of providing motivation to act. It is clear from this review that negative emotions regarding environmental problems are normal, and often constructive, responses.Yet, given the nature, range, and extent of these emotions, it is important to identify diverse place-based and culturally relevant strategies to help people cope.
A Dissenter's Journey
Authors: James W. Philip T.
Published: June 2021

After I studied medicine, my career took an early and unusual course when I was offered a clinical research post in Jamaica dealing with childhood malnutrition, of which I knew nothing. My subsequent nutritional explorations allowed gastrointestinal and metabolic analyses to have an impact on several public health policies. The biggest challenges came from unexpected political demands: coping with poor school performers in the Caribbean; addressing UK public health initiatives in health education; breaking the siege of Sarajevo; developing a Food Standards Agency as a sudden need for Tony Blair as incoming prime minister; dealing with widespread bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Europe; and responding to a United Nations request to assess global malnutrition. This last task revealed the need for a lifelong approach to nutrition, which also encompassed pregnancy. But perhaps the biggest challenge was establishing the criteria for obesity assessment, management, and prevention for policy makers across the globe.
Reperfused vs. nonreperfused myocardial infarction: when to use which model
Authors: Lindsey Merry L. , de Castro Brás Lisandra E. , DeLeon-Pennell Kristine Y. , Frangogiannis Nikolaos G. , Halade Ganesh V. , O’Meara Caitlin C. , Spinale Francis G. , Kassiri Zamaneh , Kirk Jonathan A. , Kleinbongard Petra , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Brunt Keith R.
Published: June 2021

There is a lack of understanding in the cardiac remodeling field regarding the use of nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI) and reperfused MI in animal models of MI. This Perspectives summarizes the consensus of the authors regarding how to select the optimum model for your experiments and is a part of ongoing efforts to establish rigor and reproducibility in cardiac physiology research.
A Novel 3D‐Printed Device for Precise Percutaneous Placement of Cannulated Compression Screws in Human Femoral Neck Fractures
Authors: Long Cheng , Liu Jin-hai , Chai Xiang-ping , Liu Xiang-feng , Duan Zhi-xi
Published: June 2021

Background. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of computer‐aided design and 3D printing technology for percutaneous fixation of femoral neck fractures using cannulated compression screws. Methods. Using computed tomography data, an individualized proximal femur model was created with a 3D printer. The reduction of the femoral neck fracture and the placement of the cannulated compression screws were simulated on a computer. A 3D printing guide plate was designed to match the proximal femur. After demonstrating the feasibility of the 3D model before the surgical procedure, the guide needles and cannulated compression screws were inserted with the aid of the 3D‐printed guide plate. Results. During the procedure, the 3D‐printed guide plate for each patient matched the bone markers of the proximal femur. With the aid of the 3D‐printed guide plate, three cannulated compression screws were accurately inserted into the femoral neck to treat femoral neck fractures. After screw placement, intraoperative X‐ray examination showed results that were consistent with the preoperative design. The time taken to complete the procedure in the guide plate group was 35.3 ± 2.1 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 6.3 ± 2.8 mL, and X‐ray fluoroscopy was only performed 9.1 ± 3.5 times. Postoperative radiographs showed adequate reduction of the femoral neck fractures. The entry point, entry direction, and length of the three cannulated compression screws were consistent with the preoperative design, and the screws did not penetrate the bone cortex. Conclusion. Using computer‐aided design and 3D printing technology, personalized and accurate placement of cannulated compression screws can be realized for the treatment of femoral neck fractures. This technique can shorten the time required for the procedure and reduce damage to the femoral neck cortex, intraoperative bleeding, and the exposure of patients and healthcare staff to radiation.
[Retracted] Intelligent Environmental Art Design Combining Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Li Yanxia
Published: June 2021

The widespread use of artificial intelligence in the field of design teaching has become a development trend, and for the art design profession, we should conform to and actively adapt to this development trend, change the original teaching mode, innovate their own teaching methods, constantly enrich the teaching methods, so as to improve the quality of teaching, and constantly cultivate high‐quality art design talents in the new era. For the subject students, they grow up under the Internet. They are more affectionate to many new technologies, and the traditional teaching methods have some problems to meet their learning needs, so it is very necessary to introduce artificial intelligence in teaching. In this paper, we will discuss the optimization of the curriculum system of art design in higher education institutions in the context of artificial intelligence. The purpose of guiding the innovation of environmental art design thinking is to stimulate students’ learning ability and innovation ability and learn to use design ideas in practice. Integrating design thinking with artificial intelligence gets four innovative ways of culture, form, function, and emotion in terms of innovation at the design thinking level; in terms of thinking innovation guidance, it gets the guidance of role transformation and model practice, integrating artificial intelligence with environmental art design thinking, designing interactive spaces more in line with the times, and promoting the harmonious development of human and nature.
Clinical Outcome Predictive Value of Procalcitonin in Patients Suspected with Infection in the Emergency Department
Authors: Leroux Pierre , De Ruffi Sébastien , Ramont Laurent , Gornet Marion , Giordano Orsini Guillaume , Losset Xavier , Kanagaratnam Lukshe , Gennai Stéphane
Published: June 2021

Procalcitonin (PCT) may be useful for early risk stratification in the emergency department (ED), but the transposition of published data to routine emergency practice is sometimes limited. An observational retrospective study was conducted in the adult ED of the Reims University Hospital (France). Over one year, 852 patients suspected of infection were included, of mean age 61.7 years (SD: 22.6), and 624 (73.2%) were hospitalized following ED visit. Overall, 82 (9.6%) patients died during their hospitalization with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.10 (95% CI: 2.19–11.87) for PCT ≥ 0.5, in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Moreover, 78 (9.2%) patients were admitted to an ICU, 74 (8.7%) had attributable bacteremia, and 56 (6.6%) evolved toward septic shock with an OR of 4.37 (2.08–9.16), 6.38 (2.67–15.24), and 6.38 (2.41–16.86), respectively, for PCT ≥ 0.5. The highest discriminatory values were found for patients with age <65 years, but PCT lost its discrimination power for in-hospital mortality in patients with a bronchopulmonary infection site or a temperature ≥37.8°C and for ICU admission in patients with severe clinical presentations. PCT could be helpful in risk stratification, but several limitations must be considered, including being sometimes outperformed by a simple clinical examination.
Dingo Optimizer: A Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic Approach for Engineering Problems
Authors: Bairwa Amit Kumar , Joshi Sandeep , Singh Dilbag
Published: June 2021

Optimization is a buzzword, whenever researchers think of engineering problems. This paper presents a new metaheuristic named dingo optimizer (DOX) which is motivated by the behavior of dingo (Canis familiaris dingo). The overall concept is to develop this method involving the collaborative and social behavior of dingoes. The developed algorithm is based on the hunting behavior of dingoes that includes exploration, encircling, and exploitation. All the above prey hunting steps are modeled mathematically and are implemented in the simulator to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. Comparative analyses are drawn among the proposed approach and grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and particle swarm optimizer (PSO). Some of the well-known test functions are used for the comparative study of this work. The results reveal that the dingo optimizer performed significantly better than other nature-inspired algorithms.
Research on Risk Measurement and Early Warning of Electronic Banking Business Based on GMDH Algorithm
Authors: Zeng Hui
Published: June 2021

In order to deal with the problems of traditional e-banking risk measurement and early warning methods, such as low accuracy of e-banking risk measurement and longer early warning time, an e-banking risk measurement and early warning method based on the GMDH algorithm is proposed. This scheme mines the e-banking risk measurement and early warning indicators by the GMDH algorithm, and it will input the influencing factors and risk factors as independent variables into the GMDH modeling network and then input the e-banking business growth rate as the dependent variable into the GMDH modeling network which is standardized by the normative method of processing the e-banking business risk measurement and early warning index data. According to the processing results, it calculates the weight of the measurement and early warning index by the entropy method, and it constructs the e-banking risk measurement model with the genetic algorithm which can help to calculate the optimal solution of the parameters, formulate the risk measurement interval, and determine the risk in order to realize the risk warning of electronic banking business. The simulation results show that the proposed method has a higher accuracy of e-banking risk measurement and a shorter warning time.
Cataract Surgery with or without Intraocular Lens Implantation in Pediatric Uveitis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses
Authors: Schmidt Diana Chabané , Al-Bakri Moug , Rasul Asrin , Bangsgaard Regitze , Subhi Yousif , Bach-Holm Daniella , Kessel Line
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To systematically review the results of comparative studies of modern cataract surgery in pediatric uveitis with or without intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and to perform comparative meta-analyses to compare visual acuity outcomes and complication rates. Methods. On 12 November 2020, we systematically searched the Cochrane Central, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and all affiliated databases of the Web of Science. Two authors independently reviewed studies and extracted data. Studies were reviewed qualitatively in text and quantitatively with meta-analyses. Outcome measures were preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), inflammation control, and rates of postoperative complications. Results. Ten studies of 288 eyes were eligible for review of which the majority were eyes with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Summary estimates revealed that the BCVA was better in pseudophakic eyes vs. aphakic eyes (1-year postoperative: −0.23 logMAR, 95% CI: −0.43 to −0.03 logMAR,

P
=
0.027

; 5-year postoperative: −0.35 logMAR, 95% CI: −0.51 to −0.18 logMAR,

P
=
0.000036

). Pseudophakic eyes had more visual axis opacification (OR 6.76, 95% CI: 2.73 to 16.8,

P
=
0.000036

) and less hypotony (OR 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.95,

P
=
0.044

). Conclusions. In modern era cataract surgery on eyes with pediatric uveitis with IOL implantation leads to satisfactory and superior visual outcomes and no differences in complication rates apart from an increased prevalence of visual axis opacification and a decreased prevalence of hypotony when compared to aphakia. However, limitations of the retrospective design and the presence of selection bias necessitate a careful interpretation.
Small Mars Mission Architecture Study
Authors: Parfitt Claire E. , McSweeney Adam G. , De Backer Lisa , Orgel Csilla , Ball Andrew J. , Khan Michael , Vijendran Sanjay
Published: June 2021

While the vast majority of ESA’s funding for Mars exploration in the 2020s is planned to be invested in ExoMars and Mars Sample Return, there is an interest to assess the possibility of implementing a small mission to Mars in parallel with, or soon after, the completion of the MSR programme. A study was undertaken in the Concurrent Design Facility at ESA ESTEC to assess low-cost mission architectures for small satellite missions to Mars. Given strict programmatic constraints, the focus of the study was on a low-cost (<250MEuro Cost at Completion), short mission development schedule with a cost-driven spacecraft design and mission architecture. The study concluded that small, low-cost Mars missions are technically feasible for launch within the decade.
Common Fixed Point Results on Generalized Weak Compatible Mapping in Quasi-Partial b-Metric Space
Authors: Gautam Pragati , Sánchez Ruiz Luis Manuel , Verma Swapnil , Gupta Gauri
Published: June 2021

The focus of this paper is to acquaint with generalized condition (B) in a quasi-partial b-metric space and to establish coincidence and common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible pairs of mapping. Additionally, with the background of quasi-partial b-metric space, the outcomes obtained are exemplified to prove the existence and uniqueness of fixed point.
Recurrent Adaptive Classifier Ensemble for Handling Recurring Concept Drifts
Authors: Museba Tinofirei , Nelwamondo Fulufhelo , Ouahada Khmaies , Akinola Ayokunle
Published: June 2021

For most real-world data streams, the concept about which data is obtained may shift from time to time, a phenomenon known as concept drift. For most real-world applications such as nonstationary time-series data, concept drift often occurs in a cyclic fashion, and previously seen concepts will reappear, which supports a unique kind of concept drift known as recurring concepts. A cyclically drifting concept exhibits a tendency to return to previously visited states. Existing machine learning algorithms handle recurring concepts by retraining a learning model if concept is detected, leading to the loss of information if the concept was well learned by the learning model, and the concept will recur again in the next learning phase. A common remedy for most machine learning algorithms is to retain and reuse previously learned models, but the process is time-consuming and computationally prohibitive in nonstationary environments to appropriately select any optimal ensemble classifier capable of accurately adapting to recurring concepts. To learn streaming data, fast and accurate machine learning algorithms are needed for time-dependent applications. Most of the existing algorithms designed to handle concept drift do not take into account the presence of recurring concept drift. To accurately and efficiently handle recurring concepts with minimum computational overheads, we propose a novel and evolving ensemble method called Recurrent Adaptive Classifier Ensemble (RACE). The algorithm preserves an archive of previously learned models that are diverse and always trains both new and existing classifiers. The empirical experiments conducted on synthetic and real-world data stream benchmarks show that RACE significantly adapts to recurring concepts more accurately than some state-of-the-art ensemble classifiers based on classifier reuse.
LianXia Formula Granule Attenuates Cardiac Sympathetic Remodeling in Rats with Myocardial Infarction via the NGF/TrKA/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Sai-Sai , Kang Nan , Li Xiang-Lei , Yuan Jing , Ling Ruby , Li Ping , Li Jia-Li
Published: June 2021

Sympathetic remodeling may cause severe arrhythmia after myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, targeting this process may be an effective strategy for clinical prevention of arrhythmias. LianXia Formula Granule (LXFG) can effectively improve the symptoms of patients with arrhythmia after MI, and modern pharmacological studies have shown that Coptidis Rhizoma and Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata, the components of LXFG, have antiarrhythmia effects. Here, we investigated whether LXFG can mitigate sympathetic remodeling and suppress arrhythmia and then elucidated its underlying mechanism of action in rats after MI. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that had undergone a myocardial infarction model were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely, sham, model, metoprolol, and LXFG groups, with high, medium, and low dosages. We exposed the animals to 30 days of treatment and then evaluated incidence of arrhythmia and arrhythmia scores in vivo using programmed electrical stimulation. Moreover, we determined plasma catecholamines contents via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and detected expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) at infarcted border zones via western blot, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemical analyses to assess sympathetic remodeling. Finally, we measured key molecules involved in the NGF/TrKA/PI3K/AKT pathways via western blot and real-time PCR. Compared with the model group, treatment with high dose of LXFG suppressed arrhythmia incidence and arrhythmia scores. In addition, all the LXFG groups significantly decreased protein and mRNA levels of TH, improved the average optical density of TH-positive nerve fibers, and reduced the levels of plasma catecholamines relative to the model group. Meanwhile, expression analysis revealed that key molecules in the NGF/TrKA/PI3K/AKT pathways were downregulated in the LXFG group when compared with model group. Overall, these findings indicate that LXFG suppresses arrhythmia and attenuates sympathetic remodeling in rats after MI. The mechanism is probably regulated by suppression of the NGF/TrKA/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
The Evaluation and Analysis of the Entropy Weight Method and the Fractional Grey Model Study on the Development Level of Modern Agriculture in Huizhou
Authors: Li Dewang , Chen Jianbao , Qiu Meilan
Published: June 2021

From the level of agricultural material equipment, the level of agricultural output benefit, the level of agricultural economic structure, the level of agricultural industrialization management, the level of agricultural sustainable development, and the level of rural social and economic development, based on 15 indicators, an index system for evaluating the comprehensive capacity of modern agricultural development in Huizhou was constructed. The comprehensive evaluation of the development level of modern agriculture in Huizhou from 2012 to 2018 was measured by the entropy weight method, and the evaluation was analyzed with the average level of Guangdong Province. We find out the gap between the development advantages of Huizhou and the average level of Guangdong Province, so as to promote the development of modern agriculture in Huizhou. Based on the comprehensive evaluation index of the development level of modern agriculture in Huizhou from 2012 to 2018 obtained by the entropy weight method, a fractional cumulative grey GM (1, 1) forecasting model was established, and its development ability was predicted and analyzed. The forecast result has certain guiding significance to the development of modern agriculture in Huizhou.
The Role of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Huang Jia , Li Ruibing , Wang Chengbin
Published: June 2021

A healthy mitochondrial network produces a large amount of ATP and biosynthetic intermediates to provide sufficient energy for myocardium and maintain normal cell metabolism. Mitochondria form a dynamic and interconnected network involved in various cellular metabolic signaling pathways. As mitochondria are damaged, controlling mitochondrial quantity and quality is activated by changing their morphology and tube network structure, mitophagy, and biogenesis to replenish a healthy mitochondrial network to preserve cell function. There is no doubt that mitochondrial dysfunction has become a key factor in many diseases. Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a pathological manifestation of various heart diseases. Cardiac ischemia causes temporary tissue and organelle damage. Although reperfusion is essential to compensate for nutrient deficiency, blood flow restoration inconsequently further kills the previously ischemic cardiomyocytes. To date, dysfunctional mitochondria and disturbed mitochondrial quality control have been identified as critical IR injury mechanisms. Many researchers have detected abnormal mitochondrial morphology and mitophagy, as well as aberrant levels and activity of mitochondrial biogenesis factors in the IR injury model. Although mitochondrial damage is well‐known in myocardial IR injury, the causal relationship between abnormal mitochondrial quality control and IR injury has not been established. This review briefly describes the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control, summarizes our current understanding of the complex role of mitochondrial quality control in IR injury, and finally speculates on the possibility of targeted control of mitochondria and the methods available to mitigate IR injury.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on Bladder Dysfunction via Regulation of MLC and MLCK Phosphorylation in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Han Xuke , Gao Yang , Yin Xuan , Wang Shengju , Zhang Xiaoran , Chen Qiu
Published: June 2021

Previous studies observed have reported that electroacupuncture (EA) is effective in relieving diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD); however, little is known about the mechanism. Therefore, we explored the effects and mechanisms of EA on DBD in streptozotocin–high-fat diet- (STZ–HFD-) induced diabetic rats. The Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided randomly into four groups: normal group, diabetes mellitus group (DM group), DM with EA treatment group (EA group), and DM with sham EA treatment group (sham EA group). After 8 weeks of EA treatment, the body weight, serum glucose, bladder weight, and cystometrogram were evaluated. The bladder wall thickness was examined by abdominal ultrasound imaging. After the transabdominal ultrasound measurements, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the bladder mucosa layer. The bladder detrusor smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts were observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phospho-myosin light chain (p-MLC), phospho-myosin light chain kinase (p-MLCK), and phospho-myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (p-MYPT1) levels in the bladder were examined using Western blot. The bladder weight, serum glucose, bladder wall thickness, volume threshold for micturition, and postvoid residual (PVR) volume in the diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control animals. EA treatment significantly reduced the bladder weight, bladder wall thickness, volume threshold for micturition, and PVR volume in diabetic rats. EA caused a significant increase in the MLC dephosphorylation and MLCK phosphorylation levels in the group compared to the sham EA and model groups. EA reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the bladder mucosa layer of diabetic rats. In addition, EA repaired the damaged bladder detrusor muscle of diabetic rats by reducing mitochondrial damage of the SMCs and fibroblasts. Therefore, EA could reduce the bladder hypertrophy to ameliorate DBD by reversing the impairment in the mucosa layer and detrusor SMCs, which might be mainly mediated by the regulation of p-MLC and p-MLCK levels.
The Efficacy of Backward Walking on Static Stability, Proprioception, Pain, and Physical Function of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Zehua , Ye Xiangling , Wang Yi , Shen Zhen , Wu Jiatao , Chen Weijian , Jiang Tao , Wu Huai , Xu Xuemeng
Published: June 2021

Objective. Impaired static stability and proprioception have been observed in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which serves as a major factor increasing risk of fall. This study aimed to investigate the effects of backward walking (BW) on static stability, proprioception, pain, and physical function in KOA patients. Methods. Thirty-two subjects with knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to either an BW group (BG, n = 16) or a control group (CG, n = 16). The participants in the BG received combination treatment of a 4-week BW training and conventional treatments, while those in the CG was treated with conventional treatments alone. All the participants were tested for the assessment of static stability [center of pressure (COP) sway, including sway length (SL, mm) and sway area (SA, mm2)] and proprioception [average trajectory error (ATE, %) and completion time (CT, second)]. Additionally, pain and knee function scores were measured by the numerical rating scale (NRS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index, respectively. The assessments were conducted before and after intervention. Results. The COP sway (SA and SL), ATE, NRS, and WOMAC showed a significant decline at week 4 in the two groups in contrast to their baseline (

P
<
0.05

). Moreover, after 4-week intervention, the SA [(610.50 ± 464.26) mm2 vs. (538.69 ± 420.52) mm2], NRS [(1.56 ± 0.63) vs. (2.25 ± 0.86)], and WOMAC [(11.69 ± 2.50) vs. (16.19 ± 3.94)] showed a significantly greater decrease in the BG compared to the CG (

P
<
0.05

, respectively). However, the proprioception (ATE and CT) was closely similar between both groups at week 4 (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. BW is an effective adjunct to conventional treatment in reducing pain, improving physical function and static stability for KOA patients. It should be taken into consideration when developing rehabilitation programs for people with KOA.
Identification of an m6A-Related Signature as Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Correlates with Sorafenib and Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Treatment Response
Authors: Jiang Hongye , Ning Gang , Wang Yensheng , Lv Weibiao
Published: June 2021

Background. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an essential role in diverse key biological processes and may take part in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we systematically analyzed the expression profiles and prognostic values of 13 widely reported m6A modification-related genes in HCC. Methods. The mRNA expression of 13 m6A modification-related genes and clinical parameters of HCC patients were downloaded from TCGA, ICGC, GSE109211, and GSE78220. Univariate and LASSO analyses were used to develop risk signature. Time-dependent ROC was performed to assess the predictive accuracy and sensitivity of risk signature. Results. FTO, YTHDC1, YTHDC2, ALKBH5, KIAA1429, HNRNPC, METTL3, RBM15, YTHDF2, YTHDF1, and WTAP were significantly overexpressed in HCC patients. YTHDF1, HNRNPC, RBM15, METTL3, and YTHDF2 were independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS in HCC patients. Next, a risk signature was also developed and validated with five m6A modification-related genes in TCGA and ICGC HCC cohort. It could effectively stratify HCC patients into high-risk patients with shorter OS and DFS and low-risk patients with longer OS and DFS and showed good predictive efficiency in predicting OS and DFS. Moreover, significantly higher proportions of macrophages M0 cells, neutrophils, and Tregs were found to be enriched in HCC patients with high risk scores, while significantly higher proportions of memory CD4 T cells, gamma delta T cells, and naive B cells were found to be enriched in HCC patients with low scores. Finally, significantly lower risk scores were found at sorafenib treatment responders and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy responders compared to that in nonresponders, and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy-treated patients with lower risk scores had better OS than patients with higher risk scores. Conclusion. A risk signature developed with the expression of 5 m6A-related genes could improve the prediction of prognosis of HCC and correlated with sorafenib treatment and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy response.
Antioral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Effects of Carvacrol via Inhibiting Inflammation, Proliferation, and Migration Related to Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway
Authors: Liu Hui , Xu Xiaoliang , Wu Ran , Bi Lei , Zhang Chunguang , Chen Hui , Yang Yang
Published: June 2021

Objective. To observe the therapeutic effect of Carvacrol on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and dissect underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods. Keap1/Nrf2, NALP3, Vimentin, and E‐cadherin expression was detected in OSCC and normal oral mucosa (NOM) tissues using immunofluorescence or western blot. When treated with Carvacrol or tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) that activates Nrf2, the expression of Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐ (EMT‐) related proteins, and NALP3 was examined in OSCC cells. Nrf2 was silenced by treatment with sh‐Nrf2 or ML385. After silencing Nrf2 or Carvacrol treatment, cell proliferation and migration were assessed by clone formation and scratch and transwell tests in OSCC cells. Moreover, the expression of Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1, EMT‐related proteins, and NALP3 was detected. Results. Keap1/Nrf2, NALP3, Vimentin, and E‐cadherin proteins were all significantly upregulated in OSCC than NOM tissues. Carvacrol significantly suppressed Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1 activation. Carvacrol or silencing Nrf2 markedly inhibited the expression of Keap1/Nrf2/HO‐1, EMT‐related proteins, and NALP3 inflammasome in OSCC cells. Furthermore, clone formation and migration capacities were suppressed following treatment with Carvacrol or Nrf2 depletion. The opposite results were found when there is overexpression of Nrf2. However, Carvacrol distinctly improved the cancer‐promoting effect induced by Nrf2 overexpression. Conclusion. Our findings suggested that Carvacrol ameliorated inflammation, proliferation, and migration for OSCC, which was related to inhibition of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
Comparative Study on the Reservoir Characteristics and Development Technologies of Two Typical Karst Weathering-Crust Carbonate Gas Reservoirs in China
Authors: Yan Haijun , Jia Ailin , Meng Fankun , Xia Qinyu , Xu Wei , Feng Qingfu , Luo Wenjun , Li Xinyu , Zhu Xun , Liu Yicheng
Published: June 2021

Carbonate reservoirs are the main reservoir types in China, which occupy the large ratio of reserves and production at present. The high-efficiency development of carbonate reservoirs is of great significance to assure the stability of national energy supply. The Lower Paleozoic reservoir in Jingbian gas field and the Sinian reservoir in Anyue gas field are two typical carbonate gas reservoirs, and their successful development experiences can provide significant references for other similar carbonate gas reservoirs. For Jingbian gas field, it is a lithological-stratigraphic reservoir developed in a westward monocline and multiple rows of nose-fold structures, and is a stable craton basin with simple palaeognomy distribution and stable connectivity, which has complex gas-water distribution. However, for Anyue gas field, it is a lithological-structural reservoir with multiple tectonic high points and multiple fault systems, and is biological dune beach facies under extensional setting with highly differentiated inside of the block in palaeognomy characteristics, which has limited connectivity and tectonic side water is in a local area. The difference of gas reservoir characteristics leads to the diverse development strategies. For these two gas reservoirs, although there are some similar aspects, such as the screen of enrichment areas, the application of irregular well pattern and reservoir stimulation techniques, the criteria of enrichment areas, the well types, and the means of reservoir stimulation are absolutely different. In addition, due to the differences of control reserves and production capacity for these two kinds of reservoirs, the mode of stable production is also different. The effective development of Jingbian gas field can give some references to the future exploitation on the Sinian gas reservoir. Firstly, the sedimentary characteristics should be studied comprehensively. Secondly, the distribution pattern and distribution characteristics of the palaeognomy should be found and determined. Thirdly, the distribution of fracture system in the reservoir should be depicted finely. Finally, dynamic monitoring on the production performance should be strengthened, and the management for this gas field should be improved further. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the Karst weathering-crust carbonate gas reservoir formation characteristics and the optimal development technologies that should be taken in practice.
Analysis of Continuous Prevalence Survey of Healthcare‐Associated Infections Based on the Real‐Time Monitoring System in 2018 in Shandong in China
Authors: Sun Jian , Qin Wen , Jia Lei , Sun Zhen , Xu Hua , Hui Yiyi , Gu Anman , Li Weiguang
Published: June 2021

Background. Healthcare‐associated infection (HAI) is a serious threat to the safety of patients worldwide. The prevalence survey is widely used to explore and study the characteristics of HAI. However, the annual continuous prevalence survey of hospital‐acquired infections has not been reported so far. Aim. This study is aimed at examining the occurrence and development trend of HAIs dynamically and accurately. Methods. An annual continuous HAI prevalence survey based on the real‐time monitoring system was conducted in representative hospitals from different regions in Shandong in China. Findings. A total of 64 hospitals participated in the survey, and 2,741,433 patients were monitored in 2018. The highest prevalence of HAIs in Shandong was 3.83% (February 15), the lowest was 1.85% (February 28), and the average was 2.45%. The percentile distribution of prevalence of HAIs in this study was as follows: P10, 2.23%; P25, 2.31%; P50, 2.41%; P75, 2.55%; and P90, 2.73%. Conclusion. This study dynamically and accurately showed the occurrence and development trend of HAIs in Shandong in 2018. The results of this study can be used as a reference for the HAI prevalence survey in various medical institutions in Shandong and provide the basis for the regional HAI prevention and control strategy.
Hyperoside Attenuate Inflammation in HT22 Cells via Upregulating SIRT1 to Activities Wnt/β-Catenin and Sonic Hedgehog Pathways
Authors: Huang Jin , Zhou Liang , Chen Jilin , Chen Tingbao , Lei Bo , Zheng Niandong , Wan Xiaoqiang , Xu Jianguo , Wang Tinghua
Published: June 2021

Neuroinflammation plays important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of altered neurodevelopment, sensorineural hearing loss, and certain neurodegenerative diseases. Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside) is an active compound isolated from Hypericum plants. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of hyperoside on neuroinflammation and its possible molecular mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hyperoside were used to treat HT22 cells. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry assay. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The levels of oxidative stress indices superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by the kits. The expression of neurotrophic factor and the relationship among hyperoside, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1) and Wnt/β-catenin, and sonic hedgehog was examined by western blotting. In the LPS-induced HT22 cells, hyperoside promotes cell survival; alleviates the level of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, ROS, MDA, Bax, and caspase-3; and increases the expression of CAT, SOD, GSH, Bcl-2, BDNF, TrkB, and NGF. In addition, hyperoside upregulated the expression of SIRT1. Further mechanistic investigation showed that hyperoside alleviated LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by upregulating SIRT1 to activate Wnt/β-catenin and sonic hedgehog pathways. Taken together, our data suggested that hyperoside acts as a protector in neuroinflammation.
Discussion on Advanced Seepage Reduction Characteristics of Working Face under Seepage‐Damage Coupling
Authors: Feng Feisheng , Zhang Jiqiang , Yang Zhen , Pang Dongdong , Zhang Jing
Published: June 2021

The water burst of roof on working face has been one of the significant geotechnical engineering problems that needs to be urgently resolved. The coupling effects of seepage and damage on the amount and intensity of water inrush from the roof are critically important. In this paper, the seepage‐damage coupling mathematical model of the aquifer in the working face is studied, and the seepage‐damage coupling mechanics model at different stages of the aquifer is established. Under the coupling of permeability and damage, the water‐soil characteristics of the aquifer in the 101163 working face of Mindong were numerically simulated by establishing the constitutive relation between vertical stress and permeability coefficient. The numerical results show that the stress concentration factor of the mining stress field gradually increases with the coal seam mining. The water‐flowing fractured zone of the overburden is close to the communication of the quaternary aquifer. When the coal seam is excavated 250–300 m. Three free surfaces appear in the groundwater pressure field, and a large falling funnel is formed to establish a deep flow S‐well well flow model. The research on the mining stress field and seepage field is carried out in combination with the Jakob formula. It is found that two sectors with reduced permeability of the fan surface are formed in front of the work. The variation law of the apocalyptic permeability infiltration under different mining distances, different coal seam thicknesses, different water pressures, and different roof management modes is studied systematically. The research indicates that the seepage flow under the condition of seepage infiltration of the lower aquifer should be between 50% and 100% of the traditional calculation method. The research results can help to deepen the understanding of the process of water inrush under the coupling of stress and seepage.
Dose-Dependent Pattern of Cochlear Synaptic Degeneration in C57BL/6J Mice Induced by Repeated Noise Exposure
Authors: Qian Minfei , Wang Qixuan , Wang Zhongying , Ma Qingping , Wang Xueling , Han Kun , Wu Hao , Huang Zhiwu
Published: June 2021

It is widely accepted that even a single acute noise exposure at moderate intensity that induces temporary threshold shift (TTS) can result in permanent loss of ribbon synapses between inner hair cells and afferents. However, effects of repeated or chronic noise exposures on the cochlear synapses especially medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent synapses remain elusive. Based on a weeklong repeated exposure model of bandwidth noise over 2-20 kHz for 2 hours at seven intensities (88 to 106 dB SPL with 3 dB increment per gradient) on C57BL/6J mice, we attempted to explore the dose-response mechanism of prolonged noise-induced audiological dysfunction and cochlear synaptic degeneration. In our results, mice repeatedly exposed to relatively low-intensity noise (88, 91, and 94 dB SPL) showed few changes on auditory brainstem response (ABR), ribbon synapses, or MOC efferent synapses. Notably, repeated moderate-intensity noise exposures (97 and 100 dB SPL) not only caused hearing threshold shifts and the inner hair cell ribbon synaptopathy but also impaired MOC efferent synapses, which might contribute to complex patterns of damages on cochlear function and morphology. However, repeated high-intensity (103 and 106 dB SPL) noise exposures induced PTSs mainly accompanied by damages on cochlear amplifier function of outer hair cells and the inner hair cell ribbon synaptopathy, rather than the MOC efferent synaptic degeneration. Moreover, we observed a frequency-dependent vulnerability of the repeated acoustic trauma-induced cochlear synaptic degeneration. This study provides a sight into the hypothesis that noise-induced cochlear synaptic degeneration involves both afferent (ribbon synapses) and efferent (MOC terminals) pathology. The pattern of dose-dependent pathological changes induced by repeated noise exposure at various intensities provides a possible explanation for the complicated cochlear synaptic degeneration in humans. The underlying mechanisms remain to be studied in the future.
A BSDE Approach to Stochastic Differential Games with Regime Switching
Authors: Li J. Y. , Tang M. N.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we study a two-player zero-sum stochastic differential game with regime switching in the framework of forward-backward stochastic differential equations on a finite time horizon. By means of backward stochastic differential equation methods, in particular that of the notion from stochastic backward semigroups, we prove a dynamic programming principle for both the upper and the lower value functions of the game. Based on the dynamic programming principle, the upper and the lower value functions are shown to be the unique viscosity solutions of the associated upper and lower Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman–Isaacs equations.
[Retracted] Intelligent System of Somatosensory Music Therapy Information Feedback in Deep Learning Environment
Authors: Zhao Nan
Published: June 2021

In the treatment of children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) through music perception, the perception effect and the development of the disease are mainly reflected in the fluctuations of the electroencephalogram (EEG), which is clinically effective on the brain. There is an inaccuracy problem in electrogram judgment, and deep learning has great advantages in signal feature extraction and classification. Based on the theoretical basis of Deep Belief Network (DBN) in deep learning, this paper proposes a method that combines the optimized Restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) feature extraction model with the softmax classification algorithm. Brain wave tracking analysis is performed on children with autism who have received different music perception treatments to improve classification accuracy and achieve the purpose of accurately judging the condition. Through continuous adjustment and optimization of the weight matrix in the model, a stable recognition model is obtained. The simulation results show that this optimization algorithm can effectively improve the recognition performance of DBN, with an accuracy of 94% in a certain environment, and has a better classification effect than other traditional classification methods.
A Temporal Pool Learning Algorithm Based on Location Awareness
Authors: Li Lei , Zhu Yuquan , Cai Tao , Niu Dejiao , Shi Huaji , Zou Tingting
Published: June 2021

Hierarchical Temporal Memory is a new type of artificial neural network model, which imitates the structure and information processing flow of the human brain. Hierarchical Temporal Memory has strong adaptability and fast learning ability and becomes a hot spot in current research. Hierarchical Temporal Memory obtains and saves the temporal characteristics of input sequences by the temporal pool learning algorithm. However, the current algorithm has some problems such as low learning efficiency and poor learning effect when learning time series data. In this paper, a temporal pool learning algorithm based on location awareness is proposed. The cell selection rules based on location awareness and the dendritic updating rules based on adjacent inputs are designed to improve the learning efficiency and effect of the algorithm. Through the algorithm prototype, three different datasets are used to test and analyze the algorithm performance. The experimental results verify that the algorithm can quickly obtain the complete characteristics of the input sequence. No matter whether there are similar segments in the sequence, the proposed algorithm has higher prediction recall and precision than the existing algorithms.