bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Fiber Bragg Grating Interrogation for Sensing in Detonation and Shock Wave Experiments
Authors: Rodriguez George , Gilbertson Steve
Published: January 2017

Chirped ﬁber Bragg grating (CFBG) sensors coupled to high speed interrogation systems are described as robust diagnostic approaches to monitoring shock wave and detonation front propagation tracking events for use in high energy density shock physics applications. Taking advantage of the linear distributed spatial encoding of the spectral band in single-mode CFBGs, embedded ﬁber systems and associated photonic interrogation methodologies are shown as an effective approach to sensing shock and detonation-driven loading processes along the CFBG length. Two approaches, one that detects spectral changes in the integrated spectrum of the CFBG and another coherent pulse interrogation approach that fully resolves its spectral response, shows that 100-MHz–1-GHz interrogation rates are possible with spatial resolution along the CFBG in the 50 µm to sub-millimeter range depending on the combination of CFBG parameters (i.e., length, chirp rate, spectrum) and interrogator design speciﬁcs. Results from several dynamic tests are used to demonstrate the performance of these high speed systems for shock and detonation propagation tracking under strong and weak shock pressure loading: (1) linear detonation front tracking in the plastic bonded explosive (PBX) PBX-9501; (2) tracking of radial decaying shock with crossover to non-destructive CFBG response; (3) shock wave tracking along an aluminum cylinder wall under weak loading accompanied by dynamic strain effects in the CFBG sensor.
Superframe Duration Allocation Schemes to Improve the Throughput of Cluster-Tree Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Leão Erico , Montez Carlos , Moraes Ricardo , Portugal Paulo , Vasques Francisco
Published: January 2017

The use of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies is an attractive option to support wide-scale monitoring applications, such as the ones that can be found in precision agriculture, environmental monitoring and industrial automation. The IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee cluster-tree topology is a suitable topology to build wide-scale WSNs. Despite some of its known advantages, including timing synchronisation and duty-cycle operation, cluster-tree networks may suffer from severe network congestion problems due to the convergecast pattern of its communication traffic. Therefore, the careful adjustment of transmission opportunities (superframe durations) allocated to the cluster-heads is an important research issue. This paper proposes a set of proportional Superframe Duration Allocation (SDA) schemes, based on well-defined protocol and timing models, and on the message load imposed by child nodes (Load-SDA scheme), or by number of descendant nodes (Nodes-SDA scheme) of each cluster-head. The underlying reasoning is to adequately allocate transmission opportunities (superframe durations) and parametrize buffer sizes, in order to improve the network throughput and avoid typical problems, such as: network congestion, high end-to-end communication delays and discarded messages due to buffer overflows. Simulation assessments show how proposed allocation schemes may clearly improve the operation of wide-scale cluster-tree networks.
Park Accessibility Impacts Housing Prices in Seoul
Authors: Park Jin , Lee Dong , Park Chan , Kim Ho , Jung Tae , Kim Songyi
Published: January 2017

Housing prices are determined by a variety of factors, including the features of the building and the neighborhood environment, and a potential buyer decides to buy a house after reviewing these factors and concluding that it is worth the price. We used Hedonic Price Methods to find the relationship between monetary value of house and access conditions to urban parks. Two meaningful results were discovered in this study: first, as the distance from the park increases, the value of the park inherent in the housing price decreases; second, the greater walking accessibility, to the park, the higher the park value inherent in housing prices. Despite presenting shorter distances to walk and more entrances, poorly accessible zones were deemed as such due to the necessity of crossing an arterial road. This indicates that the results can define accessibility not as the Euclidian distance but as the shortest walking distance while considering crossroads and park entrances. The results of this study have significant implications for urban park economic impact analyses in Seoul. Also, the increase in housing prices closer to parks supports the idea that access is dependent on the residents’ socioeconomic status. Lastly, the results of this study can improve walking accessibility to the park.
Overall Urban–Rural Coordination Measures—A Case Study in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Zhu Hui , Deng Fumin , Liang Xuedong
Published: January 2017

Focusing on urban–rural development issues, this paper analyzes the necessity of coordinated development between the narrowing gap and integral development. An overall urban– rural development dynamic model aimed at two major objectives is pointed out. A principal component analysis (PCA)—Grey Entropy measurement model is proposed to evaluate urban–rural coordination from economic development, social security, public services, and environmental quality perspectives. In this model, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract the components that explained overall urban–rural coordination. This model was then combined with Grey Entropy to measure the level of urban–rural development coordination. By establishing a scientific measurement model, the coordination value of the rural and urban areas was effectively calculated from a comprehensive perspective, including subsystems and static and dynamic coordination values. Finally, the model was applied to Sichuan Province as an example to show its effectiveness in measuring urban–rural coordination.
Primary care screening for peripheral arterial disease: a cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Davies Jane H , Richards Jonathan , Conway Kevin , Kenkre Joyce E , Lewis Jane EA , Mark Williams E
Published: January 2017

Background

Early identification of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and subsequent instigation of risk modification strategies could minimise disease progression and reduce overall risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality. However, the feasibility and value of primary care PAD screening is uncertain.

Aim

This study (the PIPETTE study — Peripheral arterial disease In Primary carE: Targeted screening and subsequenT managEment) aimed to determine the value of a proposed primary care PAD screening strategy. Outcomes assessed were: prevalence of PAD and agreement of ankle– brachial index (ABI)-defined PAD (ABI ≤0.9) with QRISK®2-defined high CV risk (≥20).

Design and setting

A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken in a large general practice in Merthyr Tydfil, Wales.

Method

In total, 1101 individuals with ≥2 pre-identified CV risk factors but no known CV disease or diabetes were invited to participate. Participants underwent ABI measurement and QRISK2 assessment, and completed Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaires.

Results

A total of 368 people participated in the study (participation rate: 33%). Prevalence of PAD was 3% (n = 12). The number needed to screen (NNS) to detect one new case of PAD was 31. Refining the study population to those aged ≥50 years with a smoking history reduced the NNS to 14, while still identifying 100% of PAD cases. Of participants with PAD, 33% reported severe lifestyle-limiting symptoms of intermittent claudication that warranted subsequent endovascular intervention, yet had not previously presented to their GP. The QRISK2 score predicted high CV risk in 92% of participants with PAD.

Conclusion

The low PAD yield and the fact that QRISK2 was largely comparable to the ABI in predicting high CV risk suggests that routine PAD screening may be unwarranted. Instead, strategies to improve public awareness of PAD are needed.
Un trésor archaïque du sanctuaire d’Apollon à Délos (Trésor 5) : étude architecturale.
Authors: Benchimol Emmanuelle , Sagnier Brigitte
Published: January 2017

Cet article présente l’étude architecturale de l’un des plus anciens édifices du sanctuaire d’Apollon à Délos : le Trésor 5. Situé au Nord du hiéron d’Apollon, il est le plus occidental des cinq monuments édifiés autour du Pôrinos Naos. L’étude débute par la présentation de ces édifices identifiés à des oikoi. Le chapitre II s’intéresse plus particulièrement au plus ancien d’entre eux, le Trésor 5, et rend compte des travaux antérieurs dont il a fait l’objet jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Ce chapitre examine notamment, pour s’en démarquer, la question d’un hypothétique état classique du Trésor 5 que R. Vallois pensait reconnaître. Le chapitre III propose la restitution de l’état originel de cet édifice dorique que la technique des fondations et le style de la colonne permettent de dater des environs de 550 av. J.-C. La question de l’identification de l’édifice et les critères de datation sont abordés dans le dernier chapitre. La première des deux annexes présente les sept blocs que R. Vallois avait proposé d’attribuer à un état classique de l’édifice.
Hélios, Adonis et magie : les trésors d’une citerne d’Amathonte. (Inscriptions d’Amathonte VIII)
Authors: Aupert Pierre
Published: January 2017

Helios, Adonis and magic: the treasures of a cistern in Amathous (Inscriptions of Amathous VIII)

The excavation of a cistern almost abutting the north wall of Amathous has brought to light a bronze jug and a lead magic tablet. The jug, termed an aporrusikeus, a hitherto unknown word, is dedicated to Helios Adonis, on the 29th of August 18 BC, or rather AD 18, by Onesikrates, son of Akkhaios. It is the first archaeological document to support a passage in Pausanias which mentions such a cult in Amathous. Unique in Cyprus in general, it attests the diffusion, under the impulse of the Lagides, of a culte, no doubt originally from Byblos, which constitutes a prefiguration of the solar syncretism increasingly popular during the Roman Empire. The tabella defixionis is one of the rare witnesses to the magic of the AD 7th century. It marks itself off from the 3rd century Amathousian texts by brevity, absence of references to the infernal divinities, and especially by the original depiction of the person targetted for punishment. It also adds three new words to our knowledge of the Greek language.
Études d’épigraphie thasienne I. Décret pour un historien thasien (fin du IIe s. ou début du Ier s. av. J.-C.)
Authors: Hamon Patrice
Published: January 2017

Le décret fragmentaire C. Dunant, J. Pouilloux, Recherches sur Thasos II, 166, honorant un historien anonyme, est republié et commenté. Un détail du formulaire permet d’émettre l’hypothèse d’une origine parienne du décret et de proposer des restitutions nouvelles. Le personnage en question, citoyen de Thasos, aurait séjourné à Paros et donné dans le gymnase des conférences sur la parenté entre les deux cités. Son séjour serait à mettre en rapport avec la construction de la mémoire d’Archiloque, qui suscita une intense activité historiographique dans la Paros de la basse époque hellénistique.
Graffiti du Gymnase d'Andros
Authors: Petrochilos Nikolaos
Published: January 2017

Θραύσματα από το γυμνάσιο της αρχαίας Άνδρου

Από το γυμνάσιο της αρχαίας Άνδρου προέρχονται δέκα έξι θραύσματα από λίθινες πλάκες. Είναι ορθογώνιες, με κυμαινόμενο μήκος και πλάτος αλλά σταθερού ύψους, το οποίο διευρύνεται σταδιακά προς τη μια πλευρά. Οι επιγραφές χαράσσονται στο κατακόρυφο και λεπτότερο μέτωπο, ενώ σε κάποιους καλύπτουν και άλλες πλευρές. Οι πλάκες θυμίζουν τα έδρανα σε γυμνάσια και παλαίστρες, όπου στο λεγόμενο εφηβείο οι συμμετέχοντες παρακολουθούσαν μαθήματα. Xαράγματα σε αυτούς τους χώρους αποδίδονται στη ματαιοδοξία των εφήβων. Τα επιμελή χαράγματα σε δύο πλάκες (αρ. 1-2) επιτρέπουν το συμπέρασμα ότι σε μία πρώτη φάση τη μέριμνα για την αναγραφή των ονομάτων την είχε κάποιος λειτουργός, όπως ο γυμνασίαρχος. Με την ολοκλήρωση της εφηβείας του όνομα του εφήβου μπορούσε να απολαξευτεί και ένα νέο όνομα να χαραχθεί αλλά χωρίς την αρχική επιμέλεια. Με βάση τη μελέτη της ανδριακής προσωπογραφίας, καθώς και τις ιστορικές συνθήκες προτείνεται η κατασκευή των πλακών στις αρχές του 2ου αι. π.Χ., ενώ η διάρκεια χρήσης τους κατά τον 2ο και 1ο αι. π.Χ.
Inscriptions du Musée épigraphique d’Athènes
Authors: Follet Simone , Peppas Delmousou Dina
Published: January 2017

Επιγραφές του επιγραφικού μουσείου της Αθήνας

Το άρθρο παρουσιάζει τις συγκολλήσεις που πραγματοποιήθηκαν στο Επιγραφικό Μουσείο από την κυρία Δ. Πέππα Δελμούζου και την επανεξέταση των κειμένων, που έγινε με την ευκαιρία αυτή, δηλαδή 39 κειμένων, τα οποία συμπληρώθηκαν συχνά από νέα κομμάτια: ένα τμήμα ψηφίσματος και δύο αυτοκρατορικές επιστολές, δύο πίνακες αρχόντων και ένα κατάλογο του 1ου αιώνα, ίσως φίλων, πέντε καταλόγους πρυτάνεων ή αεισίτων, πέντε αγωνιστικές επιγραφές, ένα κατάλογο ονομάτων χαραγμένο σε ένα κιονόκρανο και σε ένα άνω τμήμα κίονα, τέσσερις επιγραφές που αναφέρονται σε εργασίες κατασκευής, επισκευής ή στους επιμελητές που είχαν την ευθύνη της εποπτείας των εργασιών αυτών, επτά επιτάφιοι, οκτώ επιγράμματα, ιδιαιτέρως για τη Secundilla και την Attikia, και δύο σύντομες παλαιοβυζαντινές επιγραφές. Τα κείμενα αυτά χρονολογούνται στην ευρύτερη ρωμαϊκή περίοδο, από το 2ο αιώνα π.Χ. έως τον 6ο αιώνα μ.Χ. Καθένα συνοδεύεται από μια περιγραφή, μια φωτογραφία και ένα σχόλιο.
Les « suppliciées de Fourni ». Réexamen médico-légal et paléopathologie
Authors: Charlier Philippe , Le Roy Christian , Keyser Christine
Published: January 2017

Les deux squelettes humains décapités découverts en 1960 dans un bothros lié à l’évacuation des latrines de la Maison de Fourni à Délos ont été publiés en 1973 (Études déliennes [ BCH Suppl. I], p. 173-181) et ont depuis lors donné lieu à des interprétations divergentes. Elles font ici l’objet d’une nouvelle étude anthropologique et, pour la première fois, paléopathologique, qui aboutit à des conclusions inattendues. En premier lieu, les victimes seraient toutes deux de sexe féminin. D’autre part, la date de leur supplice telle qu’elle est donnée par le 14C est nettement plus haute que celle qu’on avait proposée en se fondant sur le contexte historique. L’exécution a été précédée d’une période d’entrave et de contention. Enfin, les corps ont été jetés dans une fosse d’aisance encore en activité. On ne peut rattacher cet épisode à un événement ou à un cadre social précis. Toutefois, cette mise à mort évoque plus le meurtre rituel de sectateurs qu’une exécution capitale.
L’emploi du trépan dans la sculpture archaïque : la technique du trépan courant
Authors: Braunstein Danièle
Published: January 2017

Dans la plupart des ouvrages traitant des techniques de la sculpture grecque antique, la date d'apparition de la technique du trépan courant varie entre le début de la seconde moitié du Ve s. et le troisième quart du IVe s. av. J.-C. Nulle mention d'une utilisation à l'époque archaïque n'y est faite et les définitions y sont souvent peu claires, allant jusqu'à confondre l'outil avec la manière de l'utiliser. L'étude des traces d'outils, menée dans le cadre d'un travail de recherche sur les techniques de la sculpture grecque archaïque, démontre que le trépan courant aurait été employé vers le milieu du VIe s. à Samos, puis de manière plus soutenue à la fin du VIe et au début du Ve s. sur l'Acropole d''Athènes et à Delphes.
Inscriptions d’Amathonte IX. Un envoi de la mission Vogüé (1862) retrouvé au Louvre
Authors: Hermary Antoine
Published: January 2017

Une inscription trouvée en 1862 par la mission Vogüé dans le village d’Aghios Tychonas, qui provient donc du site d’Amathonte, a été redécouverte au Louvre en 2009. Elle n’était connue que par la publication qu’en avait faite Waddington en 1870. Le texte, qui date probablement du début de l’époque hellénistique, fait mention de la plantation d’arbres et de l’offrande d’un naos par un certain Simos. Ce terrain, qui devait constituer un petit bois sacré (alsos), était situé entre l’Héraion et un pavement. Même si l’emplacement de cette consécration, certainement privée, n’est pas possible à déterminer, l’inscription constitue un des rares témoignages sur la topographie religieuse d’Amathonte au début de l’époque ptolémaïque et, en particulier, sur l’existence d’un sanctuaire d’Héra, dont le culte est très peu attesté à Chypre.
Les abords Nord-Est de l’agora de Thasos III. Les sculptures
Authors: Holtzmann Bernard , Jacob Raphaël
Published: January 2017

Les soixante-dix fragments de sculpture en marbre, local mais aussi importé, publiés ici constituent un choix représentatif du matériel malheureusement très mutilé trouvé dans la fouille des abords Nord-Est de l’agora de Thasos. Leur diversité typologique et chronologique résulte de la proximité de l’agora et d’un sanctuaire important, l’Artémision, dont les ruines ont fourni des matériaux pour la construction d’un grand édifice protobyzantin. Statues-portraits et offrandes sont de ce fait les genres les mieux représentés. Hormis quelques pièces mieux conservées, leur intérêt est surtout archéologique ; ils illustrent les techniques en usage à diverses époques : premières phases du travail, pièces rapportées, outillage, réparations.
Quelques observations sur le comportement des imagos de Mantispa styriaca Poda (Neuroptera, Planipennia, Mantispidae) à l'égard de quelques Mantidae (Orthoptera)
Authors: Séméria Yves
Published: January 2017

In this paper, the author compares the efficiency of prehensile legs of the Mantispidae and the Mantidae, and he tries to determine the morphologies causes.
Microflore de la litière du sapin Abies alba Mill. : Bactéries et levures
Authors: Faure-Raynaud M. , Jacob François-Henri
Published: January 2017

Mise en évidence des bactéries et des levures colonisant les feuilles de la litière. Evolution de cette microflore dans les couches L et F de la litière. Etude des bactéries et des levures isolées, recherche de quelques caractères de ces microorganismes.
The effect of valgus and varus femoral osteotomies on measures of anteversion in the dog
Authors: Adams Rachel , Gilleland Brad , Monibi Farrah , Franklin Samuel
Published: January 2017

Objective: To determine whether femoral osteotomies that change frontal plane alignment without affecting torsion influence anteversion and inclination.

Methods: Femurs without deformity were scanned to create three-dimensional reconstructions. The femoral head-neck axis was identified by placement of a virtual intra-medullary pin. A proximal osteotomy was simulated to create three conditions while keeping torsion constant: Normal, Coxa Valga (neck-shaft angle increased by 12°), and Coxa Vara (neck-shaft angle decreased by 12°). Femoral anteversion was measured from an axial image in all three conditions. Femoral inclination was calculated for all conditions using the neck-shaft and anteversion angles. Changes in anteversion and inclination were calculated and compared using a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Distal femoral osteotomies were then simulated with the native femurs, inducing 18° of distal varus with no change to torsion. Changes in anteversion and inclination for the Normal and Distal Varus conditions were calculated and compared by a paired t-test.

Results: Version changed by a mean of 13.9° (± 1.5; p <0.0001) from the Coxa Valga to Coxa Vara conditions while inclination changed by a mean of 1.3° (± 0.39; p <0.01). Version changed by a mean of 6.6° (± 0.7; p <0.0001) between the Distal Varus and Normal conditions while inclination changed by a mean of –3.8° (± 0.75; p <0.001).

Clinical significance: Femoral version changes with changing frontal plane alignment even when torsion is constant. This should be considered when correcting femoral deformities.
À la recherche du temps perdu en thérapie familiale
Authors: Diamante Chantal
Published: January 2017

Le temps, la mémoire, l’oubli et le récit entretiennent des liens étroits. La cure de thérapie familiale psychanalytique, par son recours au langage, invite chacun des membres de la famille à réélaborer par des histoires et le récit, dans l’ici et maintenant de la séance ce qui du passé fait défaut ou souffrance. L’oubli, cette fonction essentielle de la mémoire, va reconstruire le temps mémoriel par le travail de perlaboration.
Les conditions de la mise en récit en thérapie familiale psychanalytique
Authors: Grange-Ségéral Évelyne
Published: January 2017

L’auteur examine les conditions requises pour une mise en récit de l’histoire familiale dans le cadre de la thérapie familiale psychanalytique. En soulignant la dimension fictionnelle du récit et la position d’historien des héritiers, elle explore la nécessaire construction des éléments traumatiques présents dans l’histoire des familles les plus souffrantes. À l’aide d’un exemple de thérapie familiale, le dispositif thérapeutique est étudié du point de vue du processus qu’il permet grâce aux différents espaces de dépôt et de transformation des éléments transférés sur les thérapeutes engagés et retravaillés avec d’autres thérapeutes. Ce processus correspond aux étapes de traduction de la sensation brute captée par les thérapeutes jusqu’à la construction représentative d’un « possible passé ». La dimension structurale de l’originaire, ses effets de répétition, de chronicité, ainsi que les conditions de sa mobilisation dans le processus thérapeutique sont évoqués à l’aide de la notion originale proposée par l’auteur de « schèmes originaires familiaux ».
Hatufim , histoire des prisonniers de guerre et de leur famille
Authors: Popper Haydée , Clergeau Sandrine , Collart Valérie , Gizolme Isabelle Cottet , Gervais Pornin Laurence , Lopez Minotti Véronique , Lemaitre Monique , Picard-Dutilh Pascale , Samak Ruth , Theobald M.
Published: January 2017

Issu du groupe de recherche mené par Haydée Popper « Traumatisme et filiation », cet article rend compte du travail d’élaboration de ce groupe autour de la série télévisée israélienne Hatufim . Les auteurs décryptent l’impact du traumatisme sur les familles au travers de cette fiction et plus largement dans la clinique familiale, tout en interrogeant leurs propres mouvements groupaux et positionnements thérapeutiques.
L’expatriation : une approche transgénérationnelle ?
Authors: Drweski Philippe
Published: January 2017

Cet article est issu d’une recherche menée auprès d’une population expatriée. Il est apparu, lors de cette étude, que plusieurs sujets expatriés avaient eux-mêmes des parents expatriés ou immigrés. Cela soulève la question d’une dimension transgénérationnelle dans l’explication des causes du départ. L’auteur démontre que malgré le départ hors du pays de ses origines, l’expatriation peut être une tentative de s’inscrire dans une continuité filiative. Cette recherche permet également de mettre en exergue le rôle central joué par l’identification aux générations antérieures dans ce processus. Une approche transgénérationnelle semble donc pertinente pour analyser ce phénomène. Enfin, il apparaît que la transmission de l’expérience migratoire des parents va avoir une répercussion sur l’intégration et l’appropriation du vécu de l’expatriation chez le sujet.
Evidence-Based Practice Guideline : Acute Pain Management in Older Adults
Authors: Cornelius Randy , Herr Keela A. , Gordon Debra B. , Kretzer Kikikipa , Butcher Howard K.
Published: January 2017

Acute pain is a prevalent problem in a growing segment of the older adult population and is often ineffectively managed despite the accumulation of evidence to guide assessment and support interventions in managing pain. Improvements in acute pain management in older adults are needed to provide consistent and quality pain assessment techniques and treatment therapies consistent with patient and/or family preferences. The current article briefly discusses ways to improve the pain experience and outcomes for older patients and families. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 43
(2), 18–27.]
The temperature profile of an apple supply chain: A case study of the Ceres district
Authors: Valentine A.G. Du Toit , Goedhals-Gerber Leila L.
Published: January 2017

Background: There is a logistical gap in the first section of the apple supply chain that affects the temperature profiles of apples further downstream in the supply chain.Objectives: This article’s main objective is to confirm whether the logistics processes, in terms of the temperature profile of apples for the first 48 hours post-harvest, have an influence on the yield and/or quality of the fruit.Method: Observations were made and informal interviews were conducted on three different farms to ascertain their perspective of the first section of the supply chain. Temperature trials were conducted to analyse the temperature profile of two apple varieties, namely Golden Delicious and Granny Smith on three different farms. These trials were conducted by placing an iButton® device on the inside and outside of an apple to measure the temperature readings every minute for the first 48 hours after picking.Results: The research identified that it is not only at what time the apples are being harvested, but also at what time the apples are placed under cooling conditions to remove the field heat to obtain the recommended temperature profile within 48 hours. In addition, it was determined that effective and efficient picking at the right time (especially between 07:00 and 09:00) and the transportation of the apples directly, or as soon as possible after the apples came out of the orchard to the centralised cold storage facility, are key in ensuring the quality of the fruit and the temperature profile necessary for export.Conclusion: This article identifies the need to improve operational procedures along the cold chain. From this research, it is clear that there are problem areas that affect the temperature profile of apples.
Biblical Terror
Authors: Cataldo Jeremiah W.
Published: January 2017

For biblical authors and readers, law and restoration are central concepts in the Bible, but they were not always so. To trace out the formation of those biblical concepts as elements in defensive strategies, Cataldo uses as conversational starting points theories from Zizek, Foucault and Deleuze, all of whom emphasize relation and difference. This work argues that the more modern assumption that biblical authors wrote their texts presupposing a central importance for those concepts is backwards. On the contrary, law and restoration were made central only through and after the writing of the biblical text in particular, those that were concerned with protecting the community from threats to its identity as the “remnant”. Modern Bible readers, Cataldo argues, must renegotiate how they understand law and restoration and come to terms with them as concepts that emerged out of more selfish concerns of a community on the margins of imperial political power.
Bodies of Water
Authors: Neimanis Astrida
Published: January 2017

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available onwww.bloomsburycollections.com.

Water is the element that, more than any other, ties human beings in to the world around them – from the oceans that surround us to the water that makes up most of our bodies. Exploring the cultural and philosophical implications of this fact, Bodies of Water develops an innovative new mode of posthuman feminist phenomenology that understands our bodies as being fundamentally part of the natural world and not separate from or privileged to it.

Building on the works by Luce Irigaray, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Gilles Deleuze, Astrida Neimanis’s book is a landmark study that brings a new feminist perspective to bear on ideas of embodiment and ecological ethics in the posthuman critical moment.
Growth of ice particle mass and projected area during riming
Authors: Erfani Ehsan , Mitchell David L.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. There is a long-standing challenge in cloud and climate models to simulate the process of ice particle riming realistically, partly due to the unrealistic parameterization of the growth of ice particle mass (m) and projected area (A) during riming. This study addresses this problem, utilizing ground-based measurements of m and ice particle maximum dimension (D) as well as theory to formulate simple expressions describing the dependence of m and A on riming. It was observed that β in the m − D power law m  = α Dβ appears independent of riming during the phase 1 (before the formation of graupel), with α accounting for the ice particle mass increase due to riming. This semi-empirical approach accounts for the degree of riming and renders a gradual and smooth ice particle growth process from unrimed ice particles to graupel, and thus avoids discontinuities in m and A during accretional growth. Once the graupel with quasi-spherical shape forms, D increases with an increase in m and A (phase 2 of riming). The treatment for riming is explicit, and includes the parameterization of the ice crystal–cloud droplet collision efficiency (Ec) for hexagonal columns and plates using hydrodynamic theory. In particular, Ec for cloud droplet diameters less than 10 µm are estimated, and under some conditions observed in mixed-phase clouds, these droplets can account for roughly half of the mass growth rate from riming. These physically meaningful yet simple methods can be used in models to improve the riming process.
Detection of water vapour absorption around 363 nm in measured atmospheric absorption spectra and its effect on DOAS evaluations
Authors: Lampel Johannes , Pöhler Denis , Polyansky Oleg L. , Kyuberis Aleksandra A. , Zobov Nikolai F. , Tennyson Jonathan , Lodi Lorenzo , Frieß Udo , Wang Yang , Beirle Steffen , Platt Ulrich , Wagner Thomas
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Water vapour is known to absorb radiation from the microwave region to the blue part of the visible spectrum with decreasing efficiency. Ab initio approaches to model individual absorption lines of the gaseous water molecule predict absorption lines up to its dissociation limit at 243 nm.We present the first evidence of water vapour absorption near 363 nm from field measurements using data from multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and long-path (LP)-DOAS measurements. The identification of the absorptions was based on the recent POKAZATEL line list by Polyansky et al. (2017). For MAX-DOAS measurements, we observed absorption by water vapour in an absorption band around 363 nm with optical depths of up to 2 × 10−3. The retrieved column densities from 2 months of measurement data and more than 2000 individual observations at different latitudes correlate well with simultaneously measured well-established water vapour absorptions in the blue spectral range from 452 to 499 nm (R2 = 0.89), but the line intensities at around 363 nm are underestimated by a factor of 2.6  ±  0.5 by the ab initio model. At a spectral resolution of 0.5 nm, we derive a maximum cross section value of 2.7 × 10−27 cm2 molec−1 at 362.3 nm. The results were independent of the used literature absorption cross section of the O4 absorption, which overlays this water vapour absorption band. Also water vapour absorption around 376 nm was identified. Below 360 nm no water vapour absorption above 1.4 × 10−26 cm2 molec−1 was observed. The newly found absorption can have a significant impact on the spectral retrievals of absorbing trace-gas species in the spectral range around 363 nm. Its effect on the spectral analysis of O4, HONO and OClO is discussed.
Tropospheric temperature measurements with the pure rotational Raman lidar technique using nonlinear calibration functions
Authors: Zuev Vladimir V. , Gerasimov Vladislav V. , Pravdin Vladimir L. , Pavlinskiy Aleksei V. , Nakhtigalova Daria P.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Among lidar techniques, the pure rotational Raman (PRR) technique is the best suited for tropospheric and lower stratospheric temperature measurements. Calibration functions are required for the PRR technique to retrieve temperature profiles from lidar remote sensing data. Both temperature retrieval accuracy and number of calibration coefficients depend on the selected function. The commonly used calibration function (linear in reciprocal temperature 1∕T with two calibration coefficients) ignores all types of broadening of individual PRR lines of atmospheric N2 and O2 molecules. However, the collisional (pressure) broadening dominates over other types of broadening of PRR lines in the troposphere and can differently affect the accuracy of tropospheric temperature measurements depending on the PRR lidar system. We recently derived the calibration function in the general analytical form that takes into account the collisional broadening of all N2 and O2 PRR lines (Gerasimov and Zuev, 2016). This general calibration function represents an infinite series and, therefore, cannot be directly used in the temperature retrieval algorithm. For this reason, its four simplest special cases (calibration functions nonlinear in 1∕T with three calibration coefficients), two of which have not been suggested before, were considered and analyzed. All the special cases take the collisional PRR lines broadening into account in varying degrees and the best function among them was determined via simulation. In this paper, we use the special cases to retrieve tropospheric temperature from real PRR lidar data. The calibration function best suited for tropospheric temperature retrievals is determined from the comparative analysis of temperature uncertainties yielded by using these functions. The absolute and relative statistical uncertainties of temperature retrieval are given in an analytical form assuming Poisson statistics of photon counting. The vertical tropospheric temperature profiles, retrieved from nighttime lidar measurements in Tomsk (56.48° N, 85.05° E; Western Siberia, Russia) on 2 October 2014 and 1 April 2015, are presented as an example of the calibration functions application. The measurements were performed using a PRR lidar designed in the Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for tropospheric temperature measurements.
Global clear-sky surface skin temperature from multiple satellites using a single-channel algorithm with angular anisotropy corrections
Authors: Scarino Benjamin R. , Minnis Patrick , Chee Thad , Bedka Kristopher M. , Yost Christopher R. , Palikonda Rabindra
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Surface skin temperature (Ts) is an important parameter for characterizing the energy exchange at the ground/water–atmosphere interface. The Satellite ClOud and Radiation Property retrieval System (SatCORPS) employs a single-channel thermal-infrared (TIR) method to retrieve Ts over clear-sky land and ocean surfaces from data taken by geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite imagers. GEO satellites can provide somewhat continuous estimates of Ts over the diurnal cycle in non-polar regions, while polar Ts retrievals from LEO imagers, such as the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), can complement the GEO measurements. The combined global coverage of remotely sensed Ts, along with accompanying cloud and surface radiation parameters, produced in near-realtime and from historical satellite data, should be beneficial for both weather and climate applications. For example, near-realtime hourly Ts observations can be assimilated in high-temporal-resolution numerical weather prediction models and historical observations can be used for validation or assimilation of climate models. Key drawbacks to the utility of TIR-derived Ts data include the limitation to clear-sky conditions, the reliance on a particular set of analyses/reanalyses necessary for atmospheric corrections, and the dependence on viewing and illumination angles. Therefore, Ts validation with established references is essential, as is proper evaluation of Ts sensitivity to atmospheric correction source.This article presents improvements on the NASA Langley GEO satellite and AVHRR TIR-based Ts product that is derived using a single-channel technique. The resulting clear-sky skin temperature values are validated with surface references and independent satellite products. Furthermore, an empirically adjusted theoretical model of satellite land surface temperature (LST) angular anisotropy is tested to improve satellite LST retrievals. Application of the anisotropic correction yields reduced mean bias and improved precision of GOES-13 LST relative to independent Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MYD11_L2) LST and Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program ground station measurements. It also significantly reduces inter-satellite differences between LSTs retrieved simultaneously from two different imagers. The implementation of these universal corrections into the SatCORPS product can yield significant improvement in near-global-scale, near-realtime, satellite-based LST measurements. The immediate availability and broad coverage of these skin temperature observations should prove valuable to modelers and climate researchers looking for improved forecasts and better understanding of the global climate model.
Reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from sparse historical records using robust probabilistic principal component regression
Authors: Tipton John , Hooten Mevin , Goring Simon
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Scientific records of temperature and precipitation have been kept for several hundred years, but for many areas, only a shorter record exists. To understand climate change, there is a need for rigorous statistical reconstructions of the paleoclimate using proxy data. Paleoclimate proxy data are often sparse, noisy, indirect measurements of the climate process of interest, making each proxy uniquely challenging to model statistically. We reconstruct spatially explicit temperature surfaces from sparse and noisy measurements recorded at historical United States military forts and other observer stations from 1820 to 1894. One common method for reconstructing the paleoclimate from proxy data is principal component regression (PCR). With PCR, one learns a statistical relationship between the paleoclimate proxy data and a set of climate observations that are used as patterns for potential reconstruction scenarios. We explore PCR in a Bayesian hierarchical framework, extending classical PCR in a variety of ways. First, we model the latent principal components probabilistically, accounting for measurement error in the observational data. Next, we extend our method to better accommodate outliers that occur in the proxy data. Finally, we explore alternatives to the truncation of lower-order principal components using different regularization techniques. One fundamental challenge in paleoclimate reconstruction efforts is the lack of out-of-sample data for predictive validation. Cross-validation is of potential value, but is computationally expensive and potentially sensitive to outliers in sparse data scenarios. To overcome the limitations that a lack of out-of-sample records presents, we test our methods using a simulation study, applying proper scoring rules including a computationally efficient approximation to leave-one-out cross-validation using the log score to validate model performance. The result of our analysis is a spatially explicit reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from a very sparse historical record.
Ciliate and mesozooplankton community response to increasing CO2 levels in the Baltic Sea: insights from a large-scale mesocosm experiment
Authors: Lischka Silke , Bach Lennart T. , Schulz Kai-Georg , Riebesell Ulf
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Community approaches to investigating ocean acidification (OA) effects suggest a high tolerance of micro- and mesozooplankton to carbonate chemistry changes expected to occur within this century. Plankton communities in the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea frequently experience pH variations partly exceeding projections for the near future both on a diurnal and seasonal basis. We conducted a large-scale mesocosm CO2 enrichment experiment ( ∼  55 m3) enclosing the natural plankton community in Tvärminne–Storfjärden for 8 weeks during June–August 2012 and studied community and species–taxon response of ciliates and mesozooplankton to CO2 elevations expected for this century. In addition to the response to fCO2, we also considered temperature and chlorophyll a variations in our analyses. Shannon diversity of ciliates significantly decreased with fCO2 and temperature with a greater dominance of smaller species. The mixotrophic Myrionecta rubra seemed to indirectly and directly benefit from higher CO2 concentrations in the post-bloom phase through increased occurrence of picoeukaryotes (most likely Cryptophytes) and Dinophyta at higher CO2 levels. With respect to mesozooplankton, we did not detect significant effects for either total abundance or for Shannon diversity. The cladocera Bosmina sp. occurred at distinctly higher abundance for a short time period during the second half of the experiment in three of the CO2-enriched mesocosms except for the highest CO2 level. The ratio of Bosmina sp. with empty to embryo- or resting-egg-bearing brood chambers, however, was significantly affected by CO2, temperature, and chlorophyll a. An indirect CO2 effect via increased food availability (Cyanobacteria) stimulating Bosmina sp. reproduction cannot be ruled out. Although increased regenerated primary production diminishes trophic transfer in general, the presence of organisms able to graze on bacteria such as cladocerans may positively impact organic matter transfer to higher trophic levels. Thus, under increasing OA in cladoceran-dominated mesozooplankton communities, the importance of the microbial loop in the pelagic zone may be temporarily enhanced and carbon transfer to higher trophic levels may be stimulated.
Soil methane oxidation in both dry and wet temperate eucalypt forests shows a near-identical relationship with soil air-filled porosity
Authors: Fest Benedikt J. , Hinko-Najera Nina , Wardlaw Tim , Griffith David W. T. , Livesley Stephen J. , Arndt Stefan K.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Well-drained, aerated soils are important sinks for atmospheric methane (CH4) via the process of CH4 oxidation by methane-oxidising bacteria (MOB). This terrestrial CH4 sink may contribute towards climate change mitigation, but the impact of changing soil moisture and temperature regimes on CH4 uptake is not well understood in all ecosystems. Soils in temperate forest ecosystems are the greatest terrestrial CH4 sink globally. Under predicted climate change scenarios, temperate eucalypt forests in south-eastern Australia are predicted to experience rapid and extreme changes in rainfall patterns, temperatures and wild fires. To investigate the influence of environmental drivers on seasonal and inter-annual variation of soil–atmosphere CH4 exchange, we measured soil–atmosphere CH4 exchange at high-temporal resolution (<  2 h) in a dry temperate eucalypt forest in Victoria (Wombat State Forest, precipitation 870 mm yr−1) and in a wet temperature eucalypt forest in Tasmania (Warra Long-Term Ecological Research site, 1700 mm yr−1). Both forest soil systems were continuous CH4 sinks of −1.79 kg CH4 ha−1 yr−1 in Victoria and −3.83 kg CH4 ha−1 yr−1 in Tasmania. Soil CH4 uptake showed substantial temporal variation and was strongly controlled by soil moisture at both forest sites. Soil CH4 uptake increased when soil moisture decreased and this relationship explained up to 90 % of the temporal variability. Furthermore, the relationship between soil moisture and soil CH4 flux was near-identical at both forest sites when soil moisture was expressed as soil air-filled porosity (AFP). Soil temperature only had a minor influence on soil CH4 uptake. Soil nitrogen concentrations were generally low and fluctuations in nitrogen availability did not influence soil CH4 uptake at either forest site. Our data suggest that soil MOB activity in the two forests was similar and that differences in soil CH4 exchange between the two forests were related to differences in soil moisture and thereby soil gas diffusivity. The differences between forest sites and the variation in soil CH4 exchange over time could be explained by soil AFP as an indicator of soil moisture status.
Year-round CH4 and CO2 flux dynamics in two contrasting freshwater ecosystems of the subarctic
Authors: Jammet Mathilde , Dengel Sigrid , Kettner Ernesto , Parmentier Frans-Jan W. , Wik Martin , Crill Patrick , Friborg Thomas
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Lakes and wetlands, common ecosystems of the high northern latitudes, exchange large amounts of the climate-forcing gases methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere. The magnitude of these fluxes and the processes driving them are still uncertain, particularly for subarctic and Arctic lakes where direct measurements of CH4 and CO2 emissions are often of low temporal resolution and are rarely sustained throughout the entire year. Using the eddy covariance method, we measured surface-atmosphere exchange of CH4 and CO2 during 2.5 years in a thawed fen and a shallow lake of a subarctic peatland complex. Gas exchange at the fen exhibited the expected seasonality of a subarctic wetland with maximum CH4 emissions and CO2 uptake in summer, as well as low but continuous emissions of CH4 and CO2 throughout the snow-covered winter. The seasonality of lake fluxes differed, with maximum CO2 and CH4 flux rates recorded at spring thaw. During the ice-free seasons, we could identify surface CH4 emissions as mostly ebullition events with a seasonal trend in the magnitude of the release, while a net CO2 flux indicated photosynthetic activity. We found correlations between surface CH4 emissions and surface sediment temperature, as well as between diel CO2 uptake and diel solar input. At ice-out, the breakdown of thermal stratification following ice thaw triggered the degassing of both CH4 and CO2. This spring burst was observed in two consecutive years for both gases, with a large inter-annual variability in the magnitude of the CH4 degassing. On the annual scale, spring emissions converted the lake from a small CO2 sink to a CO2 source. 80 % of total annual carbon emissions from the lake were emitted as CO2. The annual total carbon exchange per unit area was highest at the fen, which was an annual sink of carbon with respect to the atmosphere. Continuous respiration during the winter partly counteracted the fen summer sink by accounting for, as both CH4 and CO2, 33 % of annual carbon exchange. Our study underlines (1) the importance of overturn periods (spring or fall) for the annual CH4 and CO2 emissions of northern lakes, (2) the significance of lakes as atmospheric carbon sources in subarctic landscapes while fens can be strong carbon sink and (3) the potential for ecosystem-scale eddy covariance measurements to improve the understanding of short-term processes driving lake-atmosphere exchange of CH4 and CO2.
Martian magnetism with orbiting sub-millimeter sensor: simulated retrieval system
Authors: Larsson Richard , Milz Mathias , Eriksson Patrick , Mendrok Jana , Kasai Yasuko , Buehler Stefan Alexander , Diéval Catherine , Brain David , Hartogh Paul
Published: January 2017

Abstract. A Mars-orbiting sub-millimeter sensor can be used to retrieve the magnetic field at low altitudes over large areas of significant planetary crustal magnetism of the surface of Mars from measurements of circularly polarized radiation emitted by the 368 GHz ground-state molecular oxygen absorption line. We design a full retrieval system for one example orbit to show the expected accuracies on the magnetic field components that one realization of such a Mars satellite mission could achieve. For one set of measurements around a tangent profile, we find that the two horizontal components of the magnetic field can be measured at about 200 nT error with a vertical resolution of around 4 km from 6 up to 70 km in tangent altitude. The error is similar regardless of the true strength of the magnetic field, and it can be reduced by repeated measurements over the same area. The method and some of its potential pitfalls are described and discussed.