bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Factors Affect the Duration and Outgassing of the Terrestrial Magma Ocean?
Authors: Nikolaou Athanasia , Katyal Nisha , Tosi Nicola , Godolt Mareike , Grenfell John Lee , Rauer Heike
Published: April 2019

The magma ocean (MO) is a crucial stage in the build-up of terrestrial planets. Its solidification and the accompanying outgassing of volatiles set the conditions for important processes occurring later or even simultaneously, such as solid-state mantle convection and atmospheric escape. To constrain the duration of a global-scale Earth MO, we have built and applied a 1D interior model coupled with either a gray H2O/CO2 atmosphere or with a pure H2O atmosphere treated with a line-by-line model described in a companion paper by Katyal et al. We study in detail the effects of several factors affecting the MO lifetime, such as the initial abundance of H2O and CO2, the convection regime, the viscosity, the mantle melting temperature, and the longwave radiation absorption from the atmosphere. In this specifically multivariable system, we assess the impact of each factor with respect to a reference setting commonly assumed in the literature. We find that the MO stage can last from a few thousand to several million years. By coupling the interior model with the line-by-line atmosphere model, we identify the conditions that determine whether the planet experiences a transient MO or it ceases to cool and maintains a continuous MO. We find a simultaneous dependence of this distinction on the mass of the outgassed H2O atmosphere and on the MO surface melting temperature. We discuss their combined impact on the MO’s lifetime in addition to the known dependence on albedo, orbital distance, and stellar luminosity, and we note observational degeneracies that arise thereby for target exoplanets.
Jupiter’s Formation in the Vicinity of the Amorphous Ice Snowline
Authors: Mousis Olivier , Ronnet Thomas , Lunine Jonathan I.
Published: April 2019

Argon, krypton, xenon, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus have all been measured and found to be enriched by a quasi uniform factor in the 2–4 range, compared to their protosolar values, in the atmosphere of Jupiter. To elucidate the origin of these volatile enrichments, we investigate the possibility of an inward drift of particles made of amorphous ice and adsorbed volatiles, and their ability to enrich in heavy elements the gas phase of the protosolar nebula, once they cross the amorphous-to-crystalline ice transition zone, following the original idea formulated by Monga & Desch. To do so, we use a simple accretion disk model coupled to modules depicting the radial evolution of icy particles and vapors, assuming growth, fragmentation, and crystallization of amorphous grains. We show that it is possible to accrete supersolar gas from the nebula onto proto-Jupiter’s core to form its envelope, and allowing it to match the observed volatile enrichments. Our calculations suggest that nebular gas, with a metallicity similar to that measured in Jupiter, can be accreted by its envelope if the planet is formed in the ∼0.5–2 Myr time range and in the 0.5–20 au distance range from the Sun, depending on the adopted viscosity parameter of the disk. These values match a wide range of Jupiter’s formation scenarios, including in situ formation and migration/formation models.
A Hypothesis for the Rapid Formation of Planets
Authors: Pfalzner Susanne , Bannister Michele T.
Published: April 2019

The discovery of 1I/‘Oumuamua confirmed that planetesimals must exist in great numbers in interstellar space. Originally generated during planet formation, they are scattered from their original systems and subsequently drift through interstellar space. As a consequence they should seed molecular clouds with at least hundred-meter-scale objects. We consider how the galactic background density of planetesimals, enriched from successive generations of star and system formation, can be incorporated into forming stellar systems. We find that at a minimum of the order of 107 ‘Oumuamua-sized and larger objects, plausibly including hundred-kilometer-scale objects, should be present in protoplanetary disks. At such initial sizes, the growth process of these seed planetesimals in the initial gas- and dust-rich protoplanetary disks is likely to be substantially accelerated. This could resolve the tension between accretionary timescales and the observed youth of fully fledged planetary systems. Our results strongly advocate that the population of interstellar planetesimals should be taken into account in future studies of planet formation. As not only the Galaxy’s stellar metallicity increased over time but also the density of interstellar objects, we hypothesize that this enriched seeding accelerates and enhances planetary formation after the first couple of generations of planetary systems.
Atividade antioxidante de compostos fenólicos presentes em polpa e casca de goiabeira serrana
Authors: Kessin Julia Paulina , Pigozzi Luiza , Hahn Paloma Candido , Dias Geci Vitor , Nunes Michael Ramos , Costa Murilo Dalla , De Lima Veeck Ana Paula
Published: April 2019

Os consumidores estão cada vez mais preocupados com a qualidade de vida e em possuir bons hábitos alimentares. Neste contexto, as frutas ganham maior visibilidade. O Brasil possui uma ampla diversidade vegetal, entretanto, esses recursos naturais ainda são pouco estudados. Trabalhos sobre as espécies frutíferas nativas do planalto serrano catarinense ainda são escassos, mais precisamente em relação aos compostos bioativos. Dentre estas frutas, destaca-se a goiaba serrana (Acca sellowiana), amplamente encontrada na serra catarinense. Assim, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar o conteúdo de fenólicos totais bem como, o potencial antioxidante em polpa e casca de sete acessos de goiabeira serrana (Acca sellowiana), coletados no planalto serrano catarinense. Para atingir este objetivo, foram preparados extratos aquosos 10% de polpa e casca in natura e realizada a análise de fenólicos totais (Folin-Ciocalteu) e a capacidade antioxidante através dos métodos ABTS, DPPH e FRAP. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o acesso 2 foi o que apresentou a maior relação entre a presença de compostos fenólicos e sua ação antioxidante através dos métodos avaliados de DPPH (casca), ABTS (polpa e casca) e FRAP (polpa e casca), assim, torna-se promissor para futuros estudos. A casca de goiaba serrana possui maiores quantidades de fenólicos totais e compostos antioxidantes que a polpa do fruto.
Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus plantarum increased gut microbiota diversity and functionality, and mitigated Enterobacteriaceae, in a mouse model
Authors: Linninge C. , Xu J. , Bahl M.I. , Ahrné S. , Molin G.
Published: April 2019

Probiotics should bring ‘balance’ to the intestinal microbiota by stimulating beneficial bacteria, whilst mitigating adverse ones. Balance can also be interpreted as high alpha-diversity. Contrary, Escherichia coli is often regarded as an adverse component of the resident intestinal microbiota. The aim of the present study was to implement a mouse model for in vivo screening of Lactobacillus-strains for ability to increase gut-microbiota diversity and to mitigate E. coli. Mice were divided into six groups, two dietary control-groups and four groups administered strains of Lactobacillus fermentum and/or Lactobacillus plantarum. All animals were pre-treated with antibiotics, and E. coli in order to equalise the microbiota from the start. After 7 weeks of Lactobacillus administration, the animals were sacrificed: DNA was extracted from caecum tissue, and the microbiota composition was analysed with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The diversity of the caecal microbiota decreased when the dietary carbohydrate source was limited to corn starch. Conversely, the diversity was restored by Lactobacillus-supplements. The tested combinations of two Lactobacillus strains exerted different influences, not only on the taxonomic level, but also on the inferred microbiome functions. The mixture of L. fermentum GOS47 and L. fermentum GOS1 showed potential for anti-inflammatory activity and short chain fatty acid production. On the other hand, co-administration of L. fermentum GOS57 and L. plantarum GOS42 significantly decreased the viable count of Enterobacteriaceae. These results warrant further investigation of the tested strains as candidates for probiotics. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that the current experimental animal model is suitable for in vivo studies of the effect of bacterial supplements on the gut-microbiota.
Estudio crítico de las posiciones tecno-deterministas en el pensamiento moderno occidental: arte, ciencia y tecnología
Authors: Caerols Mateo Raquel
Published: April 2019

La tecnología digital tiene hoy un papel central en todos los espacios de debate, de la investigación y del saber. Los estudios realizados desde una perspectiva sociocultural ponen el peso sobre la tecnología digital como elemento transformador per se, determinante de los cambios producidos en lo social y en el conocer. Un abordaje crítico-humanista de las tecnologías desde dentro de la episteme del pensamiento moderno occidental, un acercamiento epistemológico a la tecnología, podríamos decir, la situará en otro plano de nuestros modos de conocer. La conformación de los procesos creativos en el arte de la modernidad es buena muestra de ello. Un análisis de la generación de dichos procesos creativos en su vinculación con la tecnología posicionará en otra dimensión las configuraciones y transformaciones de nuestro conocimiento. Además, el texto más importante en este campo de conocimiento lleva a poner en cuestión las posiciones tecno-deterministas en el análisis del conocimiento.
It’s a Male World: el sesgo sexual de los modelos animales en biología
Authors: Bernabé Blach Federico , Giri Leandro
Published: April 2019

En el presente trabajo se analizan desde un punto de vista metateórico los modelos animales y su uso en la investigación en el ámbito de las ciencias de la vida. A partir de la evaluación de una nutrida literatura científica que denuncia un sesgo sexual en las prácticas de investigación que utilizan dichos modelos, se buscan los supuestos teóricos implícitos que les dan fundamento y se argumenta que lejos de suponer una torpeza metodológica forman parte de una extensa tradición ubicua en la historia de la biología. Por otra parte, se exponen los motivos teóricos para el reemplazo de los mencionados supuestos, a partir del análisis filosófico e histórico de la teoría estándar de la diferenciación sexual (la hipótesis activacional-organizacional).
Visados dorados para inversores en España y Portugal: residencia a cambio de dinero
Authors: Ampudia de Haro Fernando , Gaspar Sofia
Published: April 2019

La Autorización de Residencia para Inversores (ARI) o visado dorado en su denominación coloquial es una iniciativa que posibilita la adquisición del estatuto de residente a cambio de una inversión en el país de acogida. Portugal, desde 2012, y España, desde 2013, ofrecen este programa a quien lo desee y reúna las condiciones exigidas. El objetivo de este artículo es desarrollar un análisis comparado de los visados dorados en los dos países concretado en cuatro momentos diferentes. Inicialmente se ofrece una caracterización de la medida y sus requisitos y se describe su evolución. A continuación, se aborda su conceptualización sociológica a través de la noción de migraciones de capital y más concretamente como un fenómeno a medio camino entre la migración de negocios y la inversión externa extranjera. Después analizamos la racionalidad política que estructura este tipo de inversiones a partir del enfoque neofoucaltiano de la gubernamentalidad. Por último, abordamos las implicaciones cívicas y científicas de los visados dorados.
Double Dispersion Effects on MHD Squeezing Flow of UCM Fluid through a Porous Medium
Authors: Kumar N. Naresh , Kambhatla Pravin Kashyap , Ojjela Odelu
Published: April 2019

The objective of the current problem is to explore the impact of wall motion on flow, heat and species concentration of a UCM fluid in a magnetohydrodynamic Darcian channel. The flow is confined between two moving walls. The effects of the wall motion on the physical quantities for expanding and contracting cases are studied through non-dimensional numbers and variables. Numerical solutions for the highly nonlinear differential equations are obtained by reducing the governing PDE to ODE using well-established similarity variables. The variation of skin friction, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers has been investigated with the help of surface plots so that the influence of the squeezing number on the other non-dimensional parameters can be deeply understood. The results suggest that the squeezing channel intensifies the mass transfer and skin friction at the walls and it also increases the velocity, temperature and concentration of the fluid across the channel.
Thermo-Solutal Chemically Reacting Micropolar Fluid Past a Permeable Stretching Porous Sheet
Authors: Shamshuddin M.D. , Thumma Thirupathi , Mishra S.R.
Published: April 2019

The boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer over a permeable stretching sheet due to a chemically reacting micropolar fluid with slip and convective boundary conditions have been analyzed. Transverse magnetic field clubbed with electric field is also considered for the sake of brevity. Governing nonlinear coupled PDEs are transformed to nonlinear ODEs with the use of suitable similarity transformation. However, analytical solutions to these transformed equations are not useful therefore; numerical solution is carried out using Runge-Kutta fourth order with shooting technique. The characteristics of the embedded parameters are obtained and presented through graphs. Validation of the proposed work with earlier established results are shown in tables and these are in good agreement. From the careful observation the major outcomes are: induced magnetic field decelerates the flow, enhances the thickness of thermal boundary layer temperature whereas applied electric field decelerates the thickness of thermal boundary layer. Both electric field and slip parameter accelerates the angular momentum. Temperature and concentration magnitudes are accelerated at the sheet with an increase of slip parameter. Furthermore, Schmidt number and first order chemical reaction reduces the concentration boundary layer thickness. PACS Number: 05.45-a; 05.70-Ce.
Crystal Chemistry of Ternary Rare Earth Transition Metal Carbides: Studies of the Tb-Fe-C System at 800°C
Authors: Levytskyi Volodymyr , Michor Herwig , Babizhetskyy Volodymyr , Kotur Bogdan
Published: April 2019

The isothermal section of the phase diagram of Tb–Fe–C system at 800 °C was studied in the full concentration range using powder X-ray phase and structure analyses, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Six ternary compounds Tb1.88Fe14C, Tb13Fe10C13, TbFeC2, Tb15Fe8C25, Tb5.64Fe2C9, Tb2FeC4 and a limited solid solubility of carbon in the crystal structure of the binary parent compound Tb2Fe17Cх (0≤ х ≤0.8) have been found to exist at 800 °C. The crystal structures of two new ternary carbides have been determined by means of powder X-ray diffraction: Tb15Fe8C25 with structure type Er15Fe8C25, space group P321, a = 11.9706(3) Å, c = 5.1733(2) Å, RB(I) = 0.07, RP = 0.06, RPw = 0.08, and Tb13Fe10C13 with structure type Gd13Fe10C13, space group P3121, a = 9.1800(9) Å, c = 23.703(5) Å, RB(I) = 0.04, RP = 0.16. Both compounds are representatives of the carbometalate class of complex carbides. Tb15Fe8C25 displays an itinerant ferro-or ferrimagnetic ordering of the Fe 3d-moments below TM ≈ 50 K while Tb 4f-moments remain essentially paramagnetic at least down to about 10 K.
New Quaternary Compounds R3MnAl3Ge2 (R - Rare Earth)
Authors: Semuso Natalia , Pukas Svitlana , Tokaychuk Yaroslav O. , Gladyshevskii Roman E.
Published: April 2019

Nine new quaternaryR3MnAl3Ge2alumogermanides (R= Sm, Gd-Lu) were synthesized by arc melting and their crystal structures were studied by X-ray powder diffraction. All of the compounds crystallize in hexagonal Y3NiAl3Ge2-type structures: Pearson symbolhP9, space groupP-62m. The unit-cell parameters of the isotypic compounds decrease with decreasing radius of the rare-earth metal. The hexagonal structure type Y3NiAl3Ge2(Z= 1) is a quaternary ordering variant of the binary type Fe2P (Z= 3) and the ternary types β1-K2UF6, Lu3CoGa5, Zr3Cu4Si2(Z= 1), ZrNiAl (Z= 3). It belongs to the family of structures with trigonal prismatic coordination of the small atoms.
Role of Interactions in the Energy of the Spin Resonance Peak in Fe-Based Superconductors
Authors: Togushova Yuliya N. , Korshunov Maxim
Published: April 2019

We consider the spin response within the five-orbital model for iron-based superconductors and study two cases: equal and unequal gaps in different bands. In the first case, the spin resonance peak in the superconducting state appears below the characteristic energy scale determined by the gap magnitude, 2ΔL. In the second case, the energy scale corresponds to the sum of smaller and larger gap magnitudes, ΔL+ΔS. Increasing the values of the Hubbard interaction and the Hund's exchange, we observe a shift of the spin resonance energy to lower frequencies.
Oscillating Behavior of Chemical and Structural Characteristics of Alloys at Hydrogenation
Authors: Skryabina N.E. , Medvedeva Natalya A. , Mironova Anastasiya A. , Fruchart Daniel , Ladyanov Vladimir I. , Kanunnikova Olga M.
Published: April 2019

This work aims provide an experimental overview of results revealing a unique phenomenon such as non-stochastic changes of the local composition and ordering of the metal-elements within alloys. A necessary and sufficient condition for the occurrence of this phenomenon is the charging with hydrogen the structure of the materials. Interestingly the element distribution changes are observed at room temperature and after a rather long rest time from the initial hydrogen insertion. The changes of positions and environments of the elements yield changes in phase compositions. This effect was observed in both amorphous and crystallized compounds, here we will report on the first category of materials, in particular Finemet alloys. The phenomenon was investigated using various experimental techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Crystal Structure of the Compound Sc1.33Pd3Al8 with Layers of R Atoms and Al3 Triangles
Authors: Stotskyi Vasyl , Pukas Svitlana , Gladyshevskii Roman E.
Published: April 2019

The crystal structure of the new ternary aluminide Sc1.33Pd3Al8was refined by the Rietveld method from X-ray powder diffraction data. It crystallizes with a Gd1.33Pt3Al8-type structure:hR51-14.00,R-3m,a= 4.29142(4),c= 38.1638(4) Å,RB= 0.0344. The main feature of the structure is the statistical distribution of Sc atoms and Al3triangles within atomic layers of composition Sc2Al3(Sc0.67Al within the translation unit here), which is likely to correspond to stacking disorder of ordered layers. During the final cycles of the refinement, the occupancies of the corresponding sites were fixed at occ. = 2/3 for Sc in Wyckoff position 6cand occ. = 1/3 for Al in 18h. The unit cell of Sc1.33Pd3Al8contains six Sc0.67Al layers, nine Pd and eighteen Al atom layers along the crystallographic direction [001]. Together with the structure types Tb0.67PdAl3, Y2Co3Ga9, Sc0.67Fe2Si5, Er4Pt9Al24, Yb0.67Ni2Al6, and ErNi3Al9, the structure type Gd1.33Pt3Al8forms a family of intergrowth structures built up of three kinds of similar monoatomic layer.
High Temperature and High Pressure Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Arsenic-Based Filled Skutterudite Compounds
Authors: Sekine Chihiro , Osanai Toshihide , Ponmani Hariharan , Phuangyod Atachariya , Kawamura Yukihiro , Gotou Hirotada
Published: April 2019

We have succeeded in synthesizing new arsenic-based filled skutterudite compounds CaFe4As12and BaOs4As12under high pressure. These compounds have lattice constants of 8.3288 and 8.5809 Å, respectively. The magnetic properties of CaFe4As12and BaOs4As12have been studied by means of electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements. The electrical resistivity and magnetic measurements indicate that CaFe4As12is a nearly ferromagnetic metal with spin fluctuations of Fe 3delectrons and BaOs4As12is a new superconductor with a transition temperature around 3 K.
Trogocytosis-Mediated Intracellular Signaling in CD4+ T Cells Drives TH2-Associated Effector Cytokine Production and Differentiation
Authors: Reed Jim , Wetzel Scott A.
Published: April 2019

CD4+ T cells have been observed to acquire APC-derived membrane and membrane-associated molecules through trogocytosis in diverse immune settings. Despite this, the consequences of trogocytosis on the recipient T cell remain largely unknown. We previously reported that trogocytosed molecules on CD4+ T cells engage their respective surface receptors, leading to sustained TCR signaling and survival after APC removal. Using peptide-pulsed bone marrow–derived dendritic cells and transfected murine fibroblasts expressing antigenic MHC:peptide complexes as APC, we show that trogocytosis-positive CD4+ T cells display effector cytokines and transcription factor expression consistent with a TH2 phenotype. In vitro–polarized TH2 cells were found to be more efficient at performing trogocytosis than TH1 or nonpolarized CD4+ cells, whereas subsequent trogocytosis-mediated signaling induced TH2 differentiation in polarized TH1 and nonpolarized cells. Trogocytosis-positive CD4+ T cells generated in vivo also display a TH2 phenotype in both TCR-transgenic and wild-type models. These findings suggest that trogocytosis-mediated signaling impacts CD4+ T cell differentiation and effector cytokine production and may play a role in augmenting or shaping a TH2-dominant immune response.
Ileal volvulus secondary to cystic lymphangioma: A rare case report with a literature review
Authors: Alfadhel Shoog F , Alghamdi Abdulmajeed A , Alzahrani Saif A
Published: April 2019

Lymphangioma is a benign malformation of the lymphatic system. It usually affects the neck, head, and rarely, the abdomen. Volvulus is a serious condition, which occurs as a result of bowel twisting around itself or around the mesentery leading to severe consequences such as obstruction. The most common cause of volvulus in children is malrotation. We report a rare case of a 2-year-old boy who was brought by his parents to the emergency room with the complaint of constipation for 5 days and vomiting for the last 4 days. Examination and plain abdominal X-ray suggested intestinal obstruction. Furthermore, ultrasonography indicated the presence of a cyst and dilatation of the bowel. On exploratory laparotomy, an ileal volvulus caused by cystic lymphangioma developed on the mesenteric wall and associated with ileal and jejunal dilatation was observed. The diseased segments were resected in addition to 5cm before and after the cystic lymphangioma to prevent recurrence.
On the Chow Ring of Cynk–Hulek Calabi–Yau Varieties and Schreieder Varieties
Authors: Laterveer Robert , Vial Charles
Published: April 2019

This note is about certain locally complete families of Calabi–Yau varieties constructed by Cynk and Hulek, and certain varieties constructed by Schreieder. We prove that the cycle class map on the Chow ring of powers of these varieties admits a section, and that these varieties admit a multiplicative self-dual Chow–Künneth decomposition. As a consequence of both results, we prove that the subring of the Chow ring generated by divisors, Chern classes, and intersections of two cycles of positive codimension injects into cohomology via the cycle class map. We also prove that the small diagonal of Schreieder surfaces admits a decomposition similar to that of K3 surfaces. As a by-product of our main result, we verify a conjecture of Voisin concerning zero-cycles on the self-product of Cynk–Hulek Calabi–Yau varieties, and in the odd-dimensional case we verify a conjecture of Voevodsky concerning smash-equivalence. Finally, in positive characteristic, we show that the supersingular Cynk–Hulek Calabi–Yau varieties provide examples of Calabi–Yau varieties with “degenerate” motive.
On the geometry of the singular locus of a codimension one foliation in $\mathbb P^n$
Authors: Calvo-Andrade Omegar , Molinuevo Ariel , Quallbrunn Federico
Published: April 2019

We will work with codimension one holomorphic foliations over the complex projective space, represented by integrable forms

\omega\in H^0(\Omega^1_{\mathbb{P}^n}(e))

. Our main result is that, under suitable hypotheses, the Kupka set of the singular locus of

\omega\in H^0(\Omega^1_{{\mathbb{P}}^3}(e))

, defined algebraically as a scheme, turns out to be arithmetically Cohen–Macaulay. As a consequence, we prove the connectedness of the Kupka set in

\mathbb{P}^n

, and the splitting of the tangent sheaf of the foliation, provided that it is locally free.
Sun and ShadowHADOW: la expresión gráfica al servicio de una idea
Authors: Sanchis Gisbert Salvador , Peris Blat Ignacio
Published: April 2019

Marcel Breuer pertenece a la primera promoción de técnicos de la Bauhaus. La particular formación que recibe en esa Escuela le permite explorar el concepto del diseño en su sentido más amplio. En el año 1955, en pleno proceso de su internacionalización, se publica una monografía con su obra titulada Marcel Breuer: Sun and Shadow, the Philosophy of an Architect. Este libro, el más importante de toda su carrera, se aborda como un ejercicio de diseño global, contando para su desarrollo con la colaboración de fotógrafos, pintores, diseñadores y arquitectos: se plantea como un proceso creativo multidisciplinar. En este artículo se revisan los contenidos del libro, organizados de un modo pionero y singular, así como los recursos de expresión gráfica adoptados, basados en la fotografía, el dibujo y el color, para facilitar una lectura sencilla y clarificadora de su ideario sobre la Arquitectura.
Reconstrucción virtual de la fortaleza bajomedieval de Aguilar de la Frontera
Authors: Cabezas Expósito Manuel , Montes Tubío Francisco De Paula
Published: April 2019

El castillo de Aguilar de la Frontera, monumental edificio hoy perdido por el abandono secular y el aprovechamiento de sus lienzos y torres como cantera, ha sido motivo de estudio a lo largo de su historia por el interés que despiertan tanto los linajes que lo habitaron como su arquitectura singular. La intención de este artículo es hilar en una secuencia temporal los documentos, grabados, hallazgos y trabajos más notables que sobre este edificio se han hecho a lo largo de los siglos, poniendo al día la visión que se tiene sobre este conjunto y aprovechándolo como impulso para presentar la reconstrucción virtual 3D, la cual se apoya para su materialización en estos estudios así como en otros ejemplos afines.
Sobre la fotogrametría automatizada aplicada al estudio de bóvedas
Authors: Alonso Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Aliberti Licinia
Published: April 2019

La fotogrametría se ha transformado notablemente al superar los sistemas tradicionales de identificación de puntos homólogos, basados en la visión estereoscópica o en la digitalización directa sobre la pantalla del ordenador, y realizarse de forma automática mediante el uso de algoritmos de correlación que reconocen puntos homólogos en dos o más fotografías, lo que ha dado lugar a la denominada fotogrametría de correlación automática y también llamada automatizada. Su aplicación arquitectónica se ha empleado, fundamentalmente, para el levantamiento de fachadas con diferentes objetivos, que van desde la documentación gráfica al estudio de paramentos. En este trabajo analizamos su uso aplicado a la medición de bóvedas, centrándonos en el caso concreto de una bóveda de crucería singular de la iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Valdemorillo, Madrid. Es una análisis de la forma de obtener los datos necesarios para el estudio geométrico de una bóveda; es también un recorrido por los hitos mas singulares de desarrollo de la fotogrametría arquitectónica, en cuanto registro de información espacial.
Dibujando el Musaeum. La gestación gráfica de una tipología
Authors: Falcón Meraz José Manuel
Published: April 2019

Los primeros museos de la historia fueron instalados en antiguos palacios en los siglos xvii y xviii. Sin embargo, lo inadecuado de estos espacios hizo entender la necesidad de una arquitectura independiente. En este proceso de gestación de una nueva tipología resultaría fundamental el impulso académico. Más allá de esfuerzos individuales como los de Sturm y Algarotti, sería en la Academia de Bellas Artes de París donde la idea encontró su inspiración en la imagen monumental del Musaeum de Alejandría. A través de constantes concursos y exámenes institucionales, a lo largo de cuatro décadas, el museo iría definiendo su cometido y organización interna, representados en planimetrías altamente detalladas. Sería precisamente uno de sus antiguos alumnos, Durand, quien llevaría los esfuerzos académicos adelante, con un prototipo racional y de representación ahorrativa, contenido en su Précis, que sin proponérselo, daría las bases para la construcción de los nuevos museos públicos del siglo xix.
Una forma integrada de documentar, analizar y gestionar el patrimonio arquitectónico: el todo y las partes en el Palacio del Generalife
Authors: Parrinello Sandro , Gómez-Blanco Pontes Antonio Jesús , Picchio Francesca , Rodríguez Moreno Concepción , Rivas López Esteban
Published: April 2019

El proyecto que aquí se presenta es fruto de la colaboración establecida entre el Laboratorio DAda Lab (Drawing Architecture DocumentAction Laboratory) de la Universidad de Pavía y el Laboratorio SMlab (Survey and Modelling Lab of Architectural Heritage) de la Universidad de Granada, junto al inestimable apoyo recibido por parte del Patronato de la Alhambra y el Generalife. Numerosos profesores e investigadores han participado en este proyecto multidisciplinar que tomando como referente el Palacio del Generalife, se propuso una reflexión teórica y práctica del levantamiento arquitectónico digital, que ha permitido confrontar los distintos formatos de datos tridimensionales en cuanto a su capacidad para ser interpretados en el proceso de conservación y gestión del patrimonio arquitectónico. Las experiencias obtenidas en los diferentes procesos de levantamiento se completaron con un riguroso análisis histórico de la evolución formal y constructiva del Generalife a partir del cual ha sido posible efectuar la valoración crítica posterior.
From weak to intense downslope winds: origin, interaction with boundary-layer turbulence and impact on CO2 variability
Authors: Arrillaga Jon Ander , Yagüe Carlos , Román-Cascón Carlos , Sastre Mariano , Jiménez Maria Antonia , Maqueda Gregorio , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The interconnection of local downslope flows of different intensities with the turbulent characteristics and thermal structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is investigated through observations. Measurements are carried out in a relatively flat area 2 km away from the steep slopes of the Sierra de Guadarrama (central Iberian Peninsula). A total of 40 thermally driven downslope events are selected from an observational database spanning the summer 2017 period by using an objective and systematic algorithm that accounts for a weak synoptic forcing and local downslope wind direction. We subsequently classify the downslope events into weak, moderate and intense categories, according to their maximum 6 m wind speed. This classification enables us to contrast their main differences regarding the driving mechanisms, associated ABL turbulence and thermal structure, and the major dynamical characteristics. We find that the strongest downslope flows (U > 3.5 m s−1) develop when soil moisture is low ( < 0.07 m3 m−3) and the synoptic wind not so weak (3.5 m s−1 < V850 < 6 m s−1) and roughly parallel to the direction of the downslope flow. The latter adds an important dynamical input, which induces an early flow advection from the nearby steep slope, when the local thermal profile is not stable yet. Consequently, turbulence driven by the bulk shear increases up to friction velocity (u*) ≃ 1 m s−1, preventing the development of the surface-based thermal inversion and giving rise to the so-called weakly stable boundary layer. On the contrary, when the dynamical input is absent, buoyancy acceleration drives the formation of a katabatic flow, which is weak (U < 1.5 m s−1) and generally manifested in the form of a shallow jet below 3 m. The relative flatness of the area favours the formation of very stable boundary layers marked by very weak turbulence (u* < 0.1 m s−1). In between, moderate downslope flows show intermediate characteristics, depending on the strength of the dynamical input and the occasional interaction with down-basin winds. On the other hand, by inspecting individual weak and intense events, we further explore the impact of downslope flows on CO2 variability. By relating the dynamics of the distinct turbulent regimes to the CO2 budget, we are able to estimate the contribution of the different terms. For the intense event, indeed, we infer a horizontal transport of 67 ppm in 3 h driven by the strong downslope advection.
Influence of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre circulation on the 4.2 ka BP event
Authors: Jalali Bassem , Sicre Marie-Alexandrine , Azuara Julien , Pellichero Violaine , Combourieu-Nebout Nathalie
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The 4.2 ka BP event, spanning from ca 4200 to 3900 cal BP, has been
documented in numerous archaeological data and continental archives across
the Northern Hemisphere as an abrupt shift to dry and cold climate. However,
data on synchronous ocean circulation changes are notably lacking, thus
preventing us from getting a full insight into the physical mechanisms
responsible for this climate deterioration. Here, we present two
high-resolution (5–20 years) sea surface temperature (SST) records from the
subpolar gyre and off north Iceland in the vicinity of the polar front
obtained from alkenone paleo-thermometry and compare them with proxy data
from the western Mediterranean Sea to gain information on regional
temperature and precipitation patterns. Our results are evidence of a temperature
dipole pattern which, combined with other paleo-oceanographic records of the
North Atlantic, suggests a weakening of the subpolar gyre possibly
associated with atmospheric blocked regimes.
Cyclic activity of Fuego de Colima volcano (Mexico): insights from satellite thermal data and non-linear models
Authors: Massaro Silvia , Costa Antonio , Sulpizio Roberto , Coppola Diego , Capra Lucia
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The Fuego de Colima volcano (Mexico) showed a complex eruptive behaviour with periods of rapid and slow lava dome growth, punctuated by explosive activity. We reconstructed the weekly discharge rate average between 1998 and 2018 by means of satellite thermal data integrated with published discharge rate data. By using spectral and wavelet analysis, we found a multi-year long-, multi-month intermediate-, and multi-week short-term cyclic behaviour during the period of the investigated eruptive activity, as those of many others dome-forming volcanoes. We use numerical modelling in order to investigate the non-linear cyclic eruptive behaviour considering a magma feeding system composed of a dual or a single magma chamber connected to the surface through an elastic dyke evolving into a cylinder conduit in the shallowest part. We investigated the cases in which the periodicity is controlled by i) the coupled deep-shallow magma reservoirs, ii) the single shallow chamber, and iii) the elastic shallow dyke when is fed by a fixed influx rate or a constant pressure. The model outputs indicate that the observed multi-year periodicity (1.5–2.5 years) can be described by the fluctuations controlled by a shallow magma chamber with a volume of 20–50 km3 coupled with a deep reservoir of 500 km3, connected through a deep elastic dyke. The multi-month periodicity (ca. 5–10 months) appears to be controlled by the shallow magma chamber for the same range of volumes. The short-term multi-week periodicity (ca. 2.5–5 weeks) can be reproduced considering a fixed influx rate or constant pressure at the base of the shallower dyke. This work provides new insights on the non-linear cyclic behaviour of Fuego de Colima, and a general framework for the comprehension of eruptive behaviour of andesitic volcanoes.
Quantifying the impact of synoptic weather types, patterns,
and trends on energy fluxes of a marginal snowpack
Authors: Schwartz Andrew , McGowan Hamish , Theobald Alison , Callow Nik
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Synoptic weather patterns and teleconnection relationships across a 39 year climatology are investigated for their impact on energy fluxes driving ablation of a marginal snowpack in the Snowy Mountains, southeast Australia. K-means clustering applied to ECMWF ERA-Interim data identified common synoptic types and patterns that were then associated with in-situ snowpack energy flux measurements. The analysis showed that the largest contribution of energy to the snowpack occurred immediately prior to the passage of cold fronts through increased sensible heat flux as a result of warm air advection (WAA) ahead of the front. Indian Ocean Dipole and Southern Oscillation Index phase combination had a strong relationship with energy flux, with eight of the ten highest annual snowpack energy fluxes occurring during a negative IOD phase and positive SOI phase. Overall, seasonal snowpack energy flux over the 39 year period had a decreasing trend that is likely due to a reduction in the number of precipitation generating cold fronts and associated preceding WAA ahead of precipitation. This research is an important step towards understanding changes in surface energy flux as a result of shifts to the global atmospheric circulation as anthropogenic climate change continues.
Entrevista semi-estructurada para la evaluación de la conciencia de enfermedad oncológica E-CEO. Estudio de fiabilidad sobre una muestra de pacientes con enfermedad avanzada
Authors: Pazos González María Gorety , Carreira Vidal María José , García Fernández Jorge
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: La comunicación entre pacientes oncológicos y profesionales de la salud se considera uno de los aspectos más importantes del cuidado, especialmente en fases avanzadas de la enfermedad. La conciencia de enfermedad consistiría en un proceso dinámico y cambiante en el tiempo, influenciado por la cantidad y calidad de la información y el significado que cada sujeto le asigna. En el presente trabajo se describe el proceso de diseño, validación y cálculo de la fiabilidad de una entrevista semiestructurada (Entrevista sobre la Conciencia de Enfermedad Oncológica E-CEO). Este instrumento, escasamente invasivo y no revelador de información, permite situar a los sujetos a lo largo de un continuum en base a su percepción de severidad de la enfermedad. Método: En una primera fase se realizó una entrevista abierta sobre 15 pacientes y se elaboró un listado de expresiones clave, que fueron agrupadas en cinco categorías. En una segunda fase se aplicó un modelo de entrevista semiestructurada a 42 pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de enfermedad oncológica avanzada (estadio clínico IV) en la Unidad de Hospitalización de Oncología del Hospital de A Coruña. Resultados: La fiabilidad obtenida entre diferentes observadores muestra que se trata de un instrumento de elevada calidad (Kappa=0,70). Los datos reflejan una discrepancia amplia entre el estado de salud de los pacientes y su propia consideración. Más del 50% consideraron su enfermedad “controlada”. Conclusiones: Se trata de un instrumento de sencilla aplicación que permitirá en futuras investigaciones profundizar en el estudio de los procesos de integración de información en este tipo de pacientes.
Revisión sistemática sobre la eficacia de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) en el tratamiento psicológico de pacientes con cáncer
Authors: García Rasero Alba María , Tamayo Hernández José Antonio
Published: April 2019

Introducción: Aunque se han publicado muchos estudios que han intentado demostrar la eficacia de diferentes tratamientos psicológicos en pacientes con cáncer; hasta la fecha no se ha revisado la evidencia disponible sobre la eficacia de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) en estos pacientes. Objetivo: se pretende analizar sistemáticamente la evidencia empírica sobre la ACT en el tratamiento psicológico de los enfermos con cáncer. Método: se ha realizado una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Journal of Contextual Psychology y Cochrane Biblioteca. Resultados: De los 108 artículos encontrados, se han seleccionado para la revisión un total de 8, que seguían un diseño experimental o cuasiexperimental en pacientes adultos diagnosticados de cáncer tratados con ACT. Conclusiones: Los resultados, aunque heterogéneos, sugieren mejorías a medio – largo plazo en las variables de ansiedad, depresión, aceptación, calidad de vida, distrés y flexibilidad psicológica. Además, la ACT ha resultado ser más eficaz que otras terapias psicológicas. De este modo, a pesar de las limitaciones encontradas en este estudio, se han obtenido resultados prometedores para futuras revisiones y/ o metaanálisis.
Differentiation of pityriasis rubra pilaris from plaque psoriasis by dermoscopy
Authors: Jha Abhijeet Kumar , Lallas Aimilios , Sonthalia Sidharth , Jakhar Deepak , Udayan Uday K. , Chaudhary R. K. P.
Published: April 2019

Background: Diagnosing and differentiating pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) from other disorders can be a challenging task. Although histopathology remains the gold standard, it may not be feasible at times, especially in children. Being noninvasive, dermoscopy can be of great diagnostic importance in such a scenario. Dermoscopy overcomes the refractive properties of stratum corneum by interface medium or cross-polarization enabling easier visualization of lesions.

Objective: To study the dermoscopic features of PRP and compare them with dermoscopic features of psoriasis.

Patients and Methods: Retrospective observational analysis of dermoscopic characteristics of 28 patients with PRP (16) and psoriasis (12). Polarized dermoscopy at 10× magnification was performed and photographs were captured by Apple iPhone 7. The selection of dermoscopic variables was based on preexisting literature on the dermoscopic patterns of the 2 entities.

Results: The most frequent dermoscopic criteria of PRP were the presence of a central hair (16/16; 100%), follicular plugs (11/16; 68.7%), and perifollicular yellow/orange halos (9/16; 56.2%). No vascular structures were seen in our cases of PRP. Psoriasis was characterized by regularly distributed dotted vessels (12/12; 100%) and white scales (8/12; 66.6%).

Conclusions: Round-to-oval yellowish areas surrounding a central hair with or without follicular plugs represents the most frequent dermoscopic pattern of PRP.
3ª Jornadas de Experiencias e Innovación Docente en Estadística y Matemáticas: eXIDO 2018
Authors: Márquez Durán Antonio Miguel , Medina Molina Juan , Sanchis Navarro María José
Published: April 2019

Del 16 al 18 de julio de este año 2018, se ha llevado a cabo una nueva edición, la tercera, de las jornadas eXIDO: Encuentro de profesores e investigadores en el campo de la enseñanza e innovación educativa en matemáticas tanto a nivel universitario como de Enseñanza Secundaria.
Visualización Matemática con GEOGEBRA: Integrales Impropias
Authors: Delgado Pineda Miguel , Medina Albós Adoración
Published: April 2019

Este trabajo presentamos un proyecto de innovación docente que utiliza el software Geogebra de Geometría Dinámica, con el objeto facilitar el aprendizaje de las integrales impropias a los estudiantes de primer curso del Grado de Ciencias Matemáticas en la UNED. Para ello se ha desarrollado una ingeniería visual, que se basa en la utilización de dos laboratorios de simulación matemática. Estos laboratorios van más allá de la simple representación dinámica de problemas y conceptos. Están específicamente diseñados para incidir en el proceso de Visualización Matemática de los estudiantes, entendiéndose este como el proceso de codificación de información matemática en una imagen. Este proyecto ha sido desarrollado en el marco de las acciones del Grupo de Innovación en Matemáticas
On the “Mockness” of Mock Juries: Real versus Mock Juries as Conversational Forms
Authors: Manzo John F.
Published: April 2019

This paper is an analysis of real versus simulated, or “mock,” juries. It is specifically focused on similarities and differences between the two forms of group-based deliberation with respect to the content and organization of deliberative talk. Via analysis of transcript from six deliberations—two real and four mock—the value of mock juries as an investigative tool is assessed based not on the relationship between “input” variables, such as the nature of the case, the sociodemographic or sociometric nature of the jurors themselves, or wording of the juries’ decision rules, and the “output” variable of the jury’s decision, but rather based on the internal nature of jurors’ discourse. This is a radically different focus from traditional studies comprising mock juries, one enabled by use of real deliberations for comparative evaluation.
Low Provider Knowledge Is Associated With Less Evidence-Based Lung Cancer Screening
Authors: Lewis Jennifer A. , Chen Heidi , Weaver Kathryn E. , Spalluto Lucy B. , Sandler Kim L. , Horn Leora , Dittus Robert S. , Massion Pierre P. , Roumie Christianne L. , Tindle Hilary A.
Published: April 2019

Background: Despite widespread recommendation and supportive policies, screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) is incompletely implemented in the US healthcare system. Low provider knowledge of the lung cancer screening (LCS) guidelines represents a potential barrier to implementation. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that low provider knowledge of guidelines is associated with less provider-reported screening with LDCT. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in a large academic medical center and affiliated Veterans Health Administration in the Mid-South United States that comprises hospital and community-based practices. Participants included general medicine providers and specialists who treat patients aged >50 years. The primary exposure was LCS guideline knowledge (US Preventive Services Task Force/Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services). High knowledge was defined as identifying 3 major screening eligibility criteria (55 years as initial age of screening eligibility, smoking status as current or former smoker, and smoking history of ≥30 pack-years), and low knowledge was defined as not identifying these 3 criteria. The primary outcome was self-reported LDCT order/referral within the past year, and the secondary outcome was screening chest radiograph. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of screening by knowledge. Results: Of 625 providers recruited, 407 (65%) responded, and 378 (60.5%) were analyzed. Overall, 233 providers (62%) demonstrated low LCS knowledge, and 224 (59%) reported ordering/referring for LDCT. The aOR of ordering/referring LDCT was less among providers with low knowledge (0.41; 95% CI, 0.24–0.71) than among those with high knowledge. More providers with low knowledge reported ordering screening chest radiographs (aOR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4–5.0) within the past year. Conclusions: Referring provider knowledge of LCS guidelines is low and directly proportional to the ordering rate for LDCT in an at-risk US population. Strategies to advance evidence-based LCS should incorporate provider education and system-level interventions to address gaps in provider knowledge.