bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of an Animated Electronic Health Video to Increase Knowledge of Post- and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Among African American Women: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Bond Keosha T , Ramos S Raquel
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND

Despite renewed focus on biomedical prevention strategies since the publication of several clinical trials highlighting the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), knowledge of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and PrEP continues to remain scarce among women, especially among African American women who are disproportionally affected by HIV. In an effort to address this barrier and encourage uptake of PEP and PrEP, an electronic health (eHealth) video was created using an entertainment-education format.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preference of an avatar-led, eHealth video, PEP and PrEP for Women, to increase awareness and knowledge of PEP and PrEP for HIV in a sample of African American women.

METHODS

A cross-sectional, Web-based study was conducted with 116 African American women aged 18 to 61 years to measure participants’ perceived acceptability of the video on a 5-point scale: poor, fair, good, very good, and excellent. Backward stepwise regression was used to the find the outcome variable of a higher rating of the PEP and PrEP for Women video. Thematic analysis was conducted to explore the reasons for recommending the video to others after watching the eHealth video.

RESULTS

Overall, 89% of the participants rated the video as good or higher. A higher rating of the educational video was significantly predicted by: no current use of drugs/alcohol (beta=−.814; P=.004), not having unprotected sex in the last 3 months (beta=−.488; P=.03), higher income (beta=.149; P=.03), lower level of education (beta=−.267; P=.005), and lower exposure to sexual assault since the age of 18 years (beta=−.313; P=.004). After watching the eHealth video, reasons for recommending the video included the video being educational, entertaining, and suitable for women.

CONCLUSIONS

Utilization of an avatar-led eHealth video fostered education about PEP and PrEP among African American women who have experienced insufficient outreach for biomedical HIV strategies. This approach can be leveraged to increase awareness and usage among African American women.
Penyuluhan Tentang Cara Pencegahan Penularan TB dan Pemakaian Masker Kepada Keluarga Penderita TB di Johar Baru, Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Ernawati Kholis , Rifqatussa’adah Rifqatussa’adah , Wulansari Rifda , Damayanti Ndaru Andri , Djannatun Titiek
Published: January 2018

Purpose: The objective of the activity is to educate TB patients and families of TB patients about how to prevent TB transmission and the correct use of masks and the use of masks.Method: Activity targets were 35 people from 20 families of TB patients in Johar Baru area, Central Jakarta. activities carried out are socialization, counseling about the use of masks, giving masks to respondents, and evaluation activities. The extension media used were posters on "5 Ways of TB Prevention" and posters about wearing the correct mask. The counseling was conducted in three visits, ie on February 9, February 10, and February 14, 2017. The counseling was conducted to all families of TB patients who were targeted for the activity.Results: The result of the activity is the extension can increase the knowledge of the respondents about the prevention of TB transmission by 85,7%. In addition, it can improve the respondent's knowledge about how to use mask and practice of mask use by 100%. Conclusion: Continuous activity needs to be carried out so that good knowledge can be maintained and expected to form a positive attitude and later expected to form good hygiene personal behavior.
Ispo Certification and Indonesian Oil Palm Competitiveness in Global Market: Smallholder Challenges Toward ISPO Certification
Authors: Hutabarat Sakti
Published: January 2018

Certification becomes a prerequisite for tradable products to get legality and access to global market. Each tradable product can choose certificate according to its market destination. However, the application of certification standards are very low in both international (RSPO and ISCC) and domestic (ISPO) standards. This study was focused on the ISPO certification. How large is the gap between current practices and ISPO standard? What are factors that affect adoption of ISPO certification? Does ISPO deliver more access to market for oil palm smallholders? Do smallholders have adequate capacity to meet ISPO standard? These questions have been assessed and discussed in this paper to find answer and alternative way out for smallholders to meet the ISPO standard. The objective of this study is to assess capacity and willingness of oil palm independent smallholders to meet the standard of ISPO certification. This study was conducted in Pelalawan District, Riau Province using a survey method. The result shows that a number of barriers are faced by smallholders to obtain ISPO certification while the opportunity to get better access to local and global market is still uncertain. The adoption of ISPO certificate was influenced by farmers’ knowledge on agricultural practices, business  legality, household income, and land-size.
La escritura de la lectura. El discurso testimonial de los lectores
Authors: ALFARO LÓPEZ HÉCTOR GUILLERMO
Published: January 2018

A TRAVÉS DE LOS TESTIMONIOS DEJADOS EN REGISTRO ESCRITO POR LOS LECTORES SOBRE SU PRÁCTICA LECTORA SE FORMULA EL ESQUEMA DE UNA TIPOLOGÍA DE LOS LECTORES: FÁCTICOS Y TEÓRICOS; ASÍ COMO LAS CATEGORÍAS DE SU DISCURSO TESTIMONIAL: FRAGMENTARIO Y ORGÁNICO. LA FINALIDAD ES QUE ESE ESQUEMA SIRVA A LOS BIBLIOTECÓLOGOS PARA MEJOR COMPRENDER LA PRÁCTICA DE LA LECTURA EN SU DIMENSIÓN INDIVIDUAL Y CONCRETA, LO QUE A LA VEZ LES PERMITIRÁ TENER UNA VISIÓN HUMANÍSTICA DE LOS LECTORES Y SU ACTIVIDAD LECTORA.
Escudos y marcas tipográficas de editoriales científicas del siglo XX
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ VALCÁRCEL JOSÉ ANTONIO
Published: January 2018

ESTE ARTÍCULO SE PROPONE RECOPILAR ALGUNAS DE LAS MARCAS TIPOGRÁFICAS UTILIZADAS POR EDITORIALES CIENTÍFICAS DEL SIGLO XX PARA MOSTRAR SU RIQUEZA Y VARIEDAD. SE COMIENZA POR RESEÑAR EL ORIGEN RENACENTISTA DE DICHAS MARCAS, SUS TIPOS Y SIMBOLISMOS, PARA LUEGO CONTINUAR CON EL ESBOZO HISTÓRICO DE ALGUNA DE LAS MARCAS O LOGOTIPOS COMERCIALES ACTUALES RECOGIDOS, EN PARALELO CON LA PROPIA HISTORIA DE LA EMPRESA, Y QUE PERTENECEN A ALGUNAS DE LAS MÁS PRESTIGIOSAS EDITORIALES CIENTÍFICAS QUE HAN LLEGADO HASTA NUESTROS DÍAS.
Aggression, social environment, and Internet gaming addiction among Korean adolescents
Authors: Yuh Jongil
Published: January 2018

I investigated whether or not aggression and social factors (i.e., family relationships and commitment to school) predict Internet gaming addiction in Korean adolescents, and I examined the mediating role of aggression in the relationship between these variables. Participants comprised
263 Korean male high school students, who completed surveys that measured aggression, family relationships, commitment to school, and Internet gaming addiction. The results showed that aggression, family conflict, and a lower commitment to school significantly predicted Internet gaming addiction.
Aggression partially mediated the relationship between family conflict and Internet gaming addiction. Thus, when adolescents are receiving help for an Internet gaming addiction it is advisable to pay close attention to their aggression and social relationships. Theoretical and practical implications
are discussed.
Open Issues and Security Challenges of Data Communication Channels in Distributed Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey
Authors: Ezema Ernest , Abdullah Azizol , Mohd Nor Fazlida Binti
Published: January 2018

The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved over time. The introduction of the Internet of Things and Services into the manufacturing environment has ushered in a fourth industrial revolution: Industry 4.0. It is no doubt that the world is undergoing constant transformations that somehow change the trajectory and history of humanity. We can illustrate this with the first and second industrial revolutions and the information revolution. IoT is a paradigm based on the internet that comprises many interconnected technologies like RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and WSAN (Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks) to exchange information. The current needs for better control, monitoring and management in many areas, and the ongoing research in this field, have originated the appearance and creation of multiple systems like smart-home, smart-city and smart-grid. The IoT services can have centralized or distributed architecture. The centralized approach provides is where central entities acquire, process, and provide information while the distributed architectures, is where entities at the edge of the network exchange information and collaborate with each other in a dynamic way. To understand the two approaches, it is necessary to know its advantages and disadvantages especially in terms of security and privacy issues. This paper shows that the distributed approach has various challenges that need to be solved. But also, various interesting properties and strengths. In this paper we present the main research challenges and the existing solutions in the field of IoT security, identifying open issues, the industrial revolution and suggesting some hints for future research.
Gendered vulnerability and return migration
Authors: Paasche Erlend , Skilbrei May-Len
Published: January 2018

This article discusses gendered conceptions of vulnerability at play in
destination states? formulation and implementation of return policies. Based
on qualitative interviews in Norway with asylum reception centre personnel,
social workers who work with irregular migrants, and asylum seekers whose
asylum applications have been rejected, this article argues that some forms
of vulnerability are more easily recognized by authorities, frontline
personnel and migrants themselves. Conceptual blind spots have consequences
for access to assistance and protection, and may exacerbate vulnerabilities.
While return and reintegration programmes offer particular benefits for
returnees considered ?vulnerable?, research by the authors has found an
unwillingness to apply this label beyond female victims of human trafficking
for the purpose of prostitution. The reasons for this, this article argues,
are both institutional and cultural.
Female genital mutilation - from tradition to femicide
Authors: Rakic Jelena
Published: January 2018

Female genital mutilation has been drawing international attention for the
last couple of decades, but this phenomenon is almost unknown in Serbia. In
this work we will point to its basic forms and its presence in the world as
well as to the variety of consequences, especially those which are the most
common causes of death. With this purpose in mind, the work represents the a
review of theoretical debates and empirical studies, based on which relevant
data may be gathered, related to the previously mentioned subject of the
work. Female genital mutilation is a phenomenon mostly in Africa, but due to
migrations has become a problem thoughout the whole world. Traditional and
cultural norms of strict patriarchal societies along with deeply rooted
inequality of genders have contributed to the maintenance of this custom up
till today. This custom includes a sequence of different procedures which are
used to injure female genitals even though there are no medical reasons for
such acts. They are conducted by older women in insanitary conditions and by
means such as scissors, razors or glass which bring numerous consequences
which can result in death. Females subdued to infibulation are at greater
risk of death, although each of the forms of mutilation may have this
consequence. Female genital mutilation represents violence against women due
to its inevitable physical consequences and its harmful effect on health.
Girls and women are subdued to the procedure which in some cases results in
death, for the purpose of the community acceptance, most of all the
acceptance of the future husband. Namely, women are elligible for marriage
only if they are virgins, which is achieved by genital mutilation, according
to the opinion of the community in which this tradition is preserved. Beside
that, marriage is of high importance for the economic stability of a woman,
considering the fact that all the economic power is held by men. Genital
mutilation has the purpose of keeping a woman in subordinate position through
repression of her sexuality and taking over the control of women?s bodies,
which reflects gender inequality. Therefore, every case of female genital
mutilation which results in death cannot be regarded as a part of a tradition
and cultural heritage, but as one of the forms of femicide.
Analysis of the VDS info and victim support service’s work in the period 2013-2015
Authors: Saciri Bejan , Nikolic Jasmina
Published: January 2018

VDS Info and Victim Support Service is a service for victims of crime, which
was established within the Victimology Society of Serbia in 2003. The target
group consists of direct and indirect victims of both sexes, of all forms of
crime, as well as women who are serving a prison sentence. The Service
provides emotional support, information, and, if necessary, referral to other
relevant services and also provides support in the court. The aim of the
paper is to present the work of the Service in the period 2013-2015, to point
to its development over the given time, particularly in terms of improving
services which are provide to victims.
Sexual harassment of students - survey results
Authors: Dimitrijevic Aleksandra , Mladenovic Milena
Published: January 2018

This paper aims to present results of the survey on sexual harassment of
students of the Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University
of Belgrade. It starts with presenting and discussing different definitions
of the term ?sexual harassment?. Afterwards, a brief overview of available
surveys on this subject is provided. Results of the surveys completed so far
show that this kind of students? victimization in educational institutions is
frequent in all parts of the world, regardless of the economic, ethnic and
religious grounds. The aim of the survey conducted at the Faculty of Special
Education and Rehabilitation (FASPER) was to identify the prevalence and
characteristics of sexual harassment among undergraduate students, as well as
possible forms of assistance and support to students who experience sexual
harassment. A survey was conducted by the students of FASPER during April and
May 2014 on a sample of 147 students of all four years of undergraduate
studies. For data collection a victimization survey was used. The survey
results suggested that sexual harassment of students of FASPER is prevalent,
while it only manifests itself in a form of verbal harassment with a sexual
connotation. Female students are more exposed to harassment than male
students, but we need to interpret this finding with a caution due to the
fact that a sample was mostly consisted of female respondents. According to
the students? opinion, possible solutions for preventing and eliminating
sexual harassment of students of FASPER are education of students and
employees, adoption of rules for protection of students from this kind of
victimization and establishment of support service for students who
experience victimization by sexual harassment.
Transnational corporations as agents of globalization
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Zaytsev Stanislav Yuryevich
Published: January 2018

Modern globalization processes are characterized by numerous participants influencing their movement and pace. Transnational corporations (TNCs) are one of the agents of economic, social and political changes as a result of globalization. These are large companies with a single global development strategy and striving to market dominance within several countries through the development of a network of branches and subsidiaries and relatively unrestricted equity investment. The paper analyzes the current approaches to the study of the role of TNCs in the globalization processes as well as shows how their activities contribute to the changes, including their interaction with other actors. The author notes that at the level of a particular state, the transnational corporation is an important political and economic actor that usually achieves its goals in an effective manner. However, at the global level, TNC is the agent operating in the existing field which needs to be successfully integrated into it. Using the re-sources available, transnational corporations are the driver of the globalization process.
Educational environment for developing the 6–7 years children’s awareness of their skills in training situations
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Dybina Olga Vitalyevna
Published: January 2018

The study deals with the problem of developing the 6–7 years children’s awareness of their skills in training situations. The results of theoretical analysis of approaches to understanding the nature of awareness are presented. The research reveals that the lack of awareness of children’s skills is due to underestimating the capabilities for training situations simulation and failure to use it in preschool education practice. The educational environment for developing the 6–7 years children’s awareness of their skills in training situations is of great interest. The study focuses on the arrangement of informational, instructional, and transforming stages aimed at developing children’s initiative, perseverance in achieving their goals and getting results as well as determining the educational environment for each stage. Thus, the enriched and broadened children’s views on skills acquired in training situations are the primary educational environment at the informational stage, teaching children to assess their skills properly is a priority at the instructional level, and training situations designed for self-assessment of skills by children are the essential educational environment at the transforming stage. The author makes particular reference to the need to work with teachers and parents with a view to increasing their knowledge, ideas, desires and the abilities to develop the awareness of the skills in children.
JAMINAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM PEMBERIAN PERPANJANGAN HAK GUNA USAHA
Authors: Mursil Mursil
Published: January 2018

AbstrakKegiatan bisnis sangat menuntut adanya jaminan kepastian hukum. Salah satu persoalan penting terkait dengan kepastian hukum tersebut adalah perpanjangan hak guna usaha. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai jaminan kepastian hukum pemberian perpanjangan hak guna usaha, termasuk perlindungan hukum terhadap investor berkenaan dengan asset yang dimilikinya di atas hak guna usaha ketika permohonan perpanjangan hak guna usahanya tidak dikabulkan. Terkait dengan itu tulisan ini menemukan adanya perbedaan pengaturan antara Peraturan Pemerintah dengan Peraturan Menteri serta tidak memadainya perlindungan hukum kepada investor menyangkut aset-asetnya yang ada di atas hak guna usaha ketika permohonan perpanjangan hak guna usahanya tidak dikabulkan. AbstractBusiness activities requires guarantees of legal certainty. One of the important issues related to the legal certainty is the extension of the right to cultivate. This paper discusses the legal guarantee provided in the extension of the right to cultivate, including legal protection of the investor in respect of its assets over the right to cultivate when the application for renewal of their right was not granted. This paper revealed that there are differences between the relevant Government Regulation and Minister Regulation as well as inadequacy of legal protection of the investors assets located on the tract of land with the right to cultivate when the application renew that right was not granted.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PEMEGANG SAHAM DAN DIREKSI TERHADAP KORPORASI YANG DIPIDANAKAN
Authors: Heffinur Heffinur
Published: January 2018

AbstrakKejahatan korporasi merupakan  salah satu tindak pidana yang timbul seiring dengan perkembangan perekonomian dan teknologi. Persoalan yang mengemuka yaitu bagaimana tanggung jawab perusahaan sebagai badan hukum, sementara dalam kaidah Hukum Pidana belum sepenuhnya menjangkau tindak pidana tersebut. Tulisan ini bermaksud menguraikan pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi, utamanya pemegang saham dan direksi manakala ada tindak pidana yang dilakukan.AbstractCorporate crime is a category of crimes that emerge along with the economic and technological development. The issue raised in this article is how is the criminal responsibility for the company as a legal entity. This is crucial since the rules of the Criminal Law has not fully reach the criminal act performed by corporations. This paper intends to outline the criminal liability of corporations, particularly their main shareholders and directors when there is a criminal offense committed.
Faktor-Faktor Mempengaruhi Ketimpangan Wilayah di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Authors: Islami Fitrah Sari , SBM Nugroho
Published: January 2018

Abstrak

Ketimpangan wilayah merupakan salah satu masalah yang umum terjadi di Negara sedang berkembang termasuk di Indonesia. Jawa Timur merupakan provinsi yang nilai ketimpangannya cukup tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan provinsi lain yang berada di Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui keadaan ketimpangan di Provinsi Jawa Timur 2) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketimpangan wilayah di Provinsi Jawa Timur.

Penelitian ini menggunakan 1) Indeks Williamson untuk mengukur ketimpangan wilayah, 2) Analisis regresi linear berganda (Ordinary Least Square) dengan waktu penelitian tahun 2001-2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan software Eviews 9.

Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketimpangan wilayah di Provinsi Jawa Timur cenderung meningkat dengan nilai indeks Williamson lebih dari 1. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda dalam penelitian ini ada tiga variabel yang hasilnya signifikan (α=5%) dan berpengaruh terhadap ketimpangan wilayah yaitu variabel investasi, angkatan kerja dan IPM serta dua variabel yang tidak signifikan yaitu variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi, pengeluaran pemerintah.

 Kata Kunci: Ketimpangan Wilayah, Indeks Williamson, Jawa Timur

 

Abstract

Regional inequalities are one of the most common issues in developing countries including in Indonesia. East Java is the pro vince with the quiet high  inequalities value compared to the other provinces in Java Island. This study aims to: 1) to calculate the inequality value in East Java Province, 2) to classify the regions in East Java Province using Klassen Typology, 3) to determine factors that affect inequalities value in East Java Province.

The methods used in this study were 1) Williamson Index to calculate the inequalities values, 2) Multiple linear regression analysis (Ordinary Least Square) during 2001 – 2015 using Eviews 9 software.

The result of the study showed that the level of regional inequalities in East Java Province tends to increase with the Williamson index value more than 1. The result of  multiple linear regression analysis, the variable of  investment, labor forced and HDI were resulted to significant and it affect to the regional inequalities, meanwhile the variable of economic growth, and government expenditure were insignificant.

Keyword: inequalities, Williamson Index, Klassen Typology, East Java
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Budaya Organisasi Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Manajemen Mutu (Studi pada AKPELNI Semarang)
Authors: Indriyati Retno
Published: January 2018

Abstrak

 

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan, budaya orgnaisasi dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja mutu manajemen.  Kinerja manajemen mutu dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan sistem manajemen mutu berdasarkan ISO 9001: 2008 di AKPELNI Semarang. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh dosen dan karyawan sejumlah 92 orang. Responden dipilih secara acak dengan menggunakan Rumus Slovin sejumlah 75 orang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan alat bantu  SPSS v. 16. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kepemimpinan, budaya organisasi dan komitmen organisasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja manajemen mutu.

Kata kunci:    kepemimpinan, budaya organisasi, komitmen organisasi, kinerja mutu manajemen.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of leadership, cultural organization and organizational commitment toward quality management performance.  The quality management performance in this research is the application of quality management system based on ISO 9001:2008 in AKPELNI Semarang. The  population is all lecturers and employees of 92 people. Respondents were randomly selected using Slovin formula of 75 people. Data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS  v. 16. The results show that leadership, organizational culture and organizational comitmen have a positive and significant influence on the performance of quality management.

Keywords:    leadership, organizational culture, organizational commitment, quality management performance.
Analisis Efisiensi Faktor Produksi Usahatani Tembakau Rakyat (Studi Empiris : Desa Munggangsari, Kecamatan Kaliangkrik, Kabupaten Magelang)
Authors: Widiyanto Hendrik , Gunanto Edy Yusuf Agung , SBM Nugroho
Published: January 2018

Abstrak

Kabupaten Magelang  merupakan salah satu penghasil tembakau terbesar di Jawa Tengah, salah satu yang menghasilkan produksi ada di Desa Munggangsari, Kecamatan Kaliangkrik, Kabupaten Magelang. Tujuaan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi produksi tembakau di Desa Munggangsari. Data penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari interview dengan kuesioner, data sekunder diperoleh dari buku dan literature dari berbagai sumber. Pengambilan sampel responden dalam penelitian ini adalah petani tembakau di Desa Munggangsari, Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi (software e-views 7) dan uji efisiensi (software DEAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi tembakau yaitu luas lahan, bibit, pupuk organik, fungisida. Sedangkan variabel tenaga kerja, pupuk SP36, dan pupuk ZA, tidak berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap produksi tembakau di desa Munggangsari. Nilai efisiensi teknis petani tembakau adalah 0.651 maka perlu dilakukan penambahan jumlah faktor produksi sehingga nilai efisiensi teknisnya 1.

Kata Kunci : Efisiensi, Fungsi Produksi Cobb-Douglas, Tembakau, DEA.

 

Abstract

Magelang regency is one of the largest tobacco producers in Central Java, one of which produces production in Munggangsari Village, Kaliangkrik Subdistrict, Magelang Regency. The purpose of this study to determine what factors affect the production of tobacco in the village of Munggangsari. The data of this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from interviews with questionnaires, secondary data obtained from books and literature from various sources. Sampling of respondents in this study is tobacco farmers in Munggangsari Village, the method of analysis in this study is regression analysis (software e-views 7) and efficiency test (software DEAP). The results showed there are four variables that significantly affect tobacco production that is the area of land, seeds, organic fertilizer, and fungicide. While the variable labor, SP36 fertilizer, and ZA fertilizer, no significant effect on tobacco production in the village Munggangsari. The technical efficiency value of tobacco farmers is 0.651 it is necessary to add the number of factors of production so that the value of technical efficiency 1.

Keywords: Efficiency, Cobb-Douglas Production Function, Tobacco, DEA.
Metodología para evaluar la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático de hogares rurales de corregimientos de ladera de Cali utilizando lógica difusa
Authors: REVISTAS SISTEMAS , Gomez Luis Fernando , Zuñiga Escobar Orlando
Published: January 2018

Partiendo  del  concepto  de  los  sistemas  complejos,  dinámicos,  no  lineales,  que  integran  la relación hombre-naturaleza, se propone una metodología fundamentada en la Lógica Difusa, para la determinación de la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático. Su aplicación se efectúa en los hogares rurales de los corregimientos de ladera de Cali, escogiendo como modelo el marco de los Medios de Vida Sostenibles (MVS). La información primaria se obtuvo de una encuesta entre los pobladores bajo el encabezado del concepto de los 5 Activos de los MVS: físicos, naturales, humanos, económicos-financieros y sociales-culturales-politicos. Se utilizo la caja de herramientas fuzzy de Matlab para la  evaluación  difusa  de  la  capacidad  de  adaptación  y  la  sensibilidad,  los  dos  componentes  de  la vulnerabilidad. Para la especificacion de la sensibilidad agricola, sobre la base del cambio de aptitud de los cultivos de maíz, fríjol, plátano, yuca y café, entre 2015 y 2030, se aprovechó la disponibilidad de bases de datos como WorldClim, Ecocrop, IPCC y software como DivaGis y ArcGIS. La metodología demostró ser promisoria como alternativa a los métodos lineales para medir la vulnerabilidad frente al cambio climático y permitió responder adecuadamente las tres preguntas de investigación.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Kualitas Kentang Olahan (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar Atlantik
Authors: Nurjanah Resti
Published: January 2018

Kentang memiliki peluang untuk dijadikan alternatif diversifikasi pangan karena memiliki kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi. Selama penyimpanan kentang masih mengalami proses metabolisme sehingga terjadi penurunan kualitas kentang. Pengaturan suhu dilakukan untuk meminimalkan kerusakan selama penyimpanan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui suhu dan lama penyimpanan yang dapat mempertahankan kualiatas kentang olahan Kultivar Atlantik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Pasca Panen Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Maret 2017 hingga Mei 2017. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor utama adalah suhu penyimpanan yang terdiri dari suhu kamar (26ºC), 14ºC, dan 7ºC. Faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan yang terdiri dari 0 minggu, 2 minggu, 4 minggu, 6 minggu dan 8 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara suhu dan lama penyimpanan secara statistik tidak terjadi interaksi. Perlakuan suhu penyimpanan menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata terhadap massa jenis dan TPT. Sedangkan lama penyimpanan memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata terhadap susut bobot, kadar air, massa jenis, dan TPT. Perlakuan yang dapat mempertahankan kualitas ubi kentang adalah penyimpanan dengan suhu kamar dengan lama penyimpanan 4 minggu.
Karakteristik Kimia, Fisik, dan Sensori Ikan Bandeng Presto dengan Lama Pemasakan yang Berbeda
Authors: Kurniasih Retno Ayu
Published: January 2018

Komposisi kimia serta karakteristik bandeng presto yang dihasilkan dapat dipengaruhi oleh alat pressure cooker yang digunakan serta lama pemasakannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama pemasakan yang berbeda dalam pressure cooker kapasitas 50 kg terhadap organoleptik, kandungan gizi, dan tekstur bandeng presto yang dihasilkan serta mengetahui lama pemasakan yang tepat. Ikan bandeng dimasak dengan pressure cooker dengan lama pemasakan yang berbeda, yaitu 2 jam, 3 jam, dan 4 jam. Lama pemasakan ikan bandeng yang berbeda dalam pressure cooker kapasitas 50 kg dapat mempengaruhi nilai organoleptik, proksimat, dan kekerasan bandeng presto. Semakin lama proses pemasakan sampai dengan 4 jam, dapat meningkatkan nilai organoleptik terhadap parameter kenampakan, bau, dan rasa bandeng presto. Selain itu, juga dapat meningkatkan kadar air, protein, lemak, dan abu serta menurunkan nilai kekerasan bandeng presto. Dengan demikian, lama pemasakan yang tepat adalah 4 jam. Bandeng presto dengan lama pemasakan 4 jam memiliki nilai kenampakan 8,57 ± 0,67, bau 8,37 ± 0,56, rasa 8,63 ± 0,49, kadar air 52,38 ± 1,03 %, kadar protein 18,05 ± 0,15 %, kadar lemak 5,46 ± 0,15 %, kadar abu 2,31 ± 0,13 %, dan kekerasan 428,709 ± 139,34 kgf.
Energi Aktivasi Perubahan Nilai Free Fatty Acid pada Abon Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias sp) Selama Penyimpanan
Authors: Anggo Apri Dwi
Published: January 2018

Salah satu penyebab timbulnya bau tidak enak pada abon ikan adalah terakumulasinya senyawa free fatty acid (ffa) akibat proses hidrolisis dari lemak pada abon tersebut. Perlakuan panas selama penyimpanan abon akan semakin memicu terbentuknya ffa sehingga baunya akan semakin tidak enak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan fenomena perubahan kualitas abon lele dumbo dari parameter nilai ffa sebagai akibat perlakuan suhu dan waktu, dengan cara mencari nilai energi aktivasi perubahan nilai ffa tersebut. Materi yang dipelajari adalah abon ikan lele dumbo (Clarias sp). Peralatan yang digunakan adalah container penyimpan abon yang telah didesain pada suhu tertentu yaitu 10, 25, 35 dan 45oC. Waktu pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada hari ke-1, 8, 16, 24 dan 32. Metode penentuan energi aktivasi dengan pendekatan metode Arrhenius berdasarkan parameter perubahan nilai ffa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju peningkatan nilai ffa terjadi seiring dengan pertambahan waktu dan suhu penyimpanan. Hasil perhitungan energi aktivasi pada reaksi orde pertama diperoleh nilai 22,97 kj/mol dengan faktor frequensi (ko) sebesar 211,706 (1/hari). Model persamaan Arrhenius yang diperoleh adalah k= 211,706. e(-22,97/RT).
Kajian Penggunaan Spinner Terhadap Komposisi Kimia Wader Krispi Study of Using Spinner Machine to The Chemical Composition of Wader Krispi
Authors: Dewi Eko Nurcahya
Published: January 2018

Wader krispi merupakan salah satu produk diversifikasi ikan wader yang banyak diproduksi di Kabupaten Kendal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan spinner terhadap kandungan gizi dan parameter oksidasi wader krispi dibandingkan dengan tanpa penggunaan spinner. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dengan penggunaan spinner dapat menurunkan kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, yaitu masing-masing 4,61%, 4,88%, dan 3,48%. Sedangkan kadar protein mengalami peningkatan yaitu 32,1% dibandingkan dengan wader krispi tanpa penggunaan spinner. Penggunaan spinner pada wader krispi juga menurunkan PV dan TBA sebagai parameter oksidasi, yaitu 4,47 meq/kg dan 0,04 malonaldehid/g.
Enzim α-Amilase Inhibitor Pada Ekstrak Air Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Untuk Penanggulangan Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Wardani Nela Agustin Kusuma
Published: January 2018

Salah satu cara menanggulangi diabetes mellitus yaitu dengan menghambat kerja enzim α-amilase yang menghidrolisis karbohidrat sehingga mengurangi absorbsi glukosa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak air kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) dalam menghambat enzim α-amilase dalam memecah karbohidrat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan dilakukan pengulangan perlakuan sebanyak 3x. Enzim α-amilase diuji aktivitas enzimnya. Ekstrak air kacang merah diuji aktivitas enzim α-amilase inhibitor dengan variasi konsentrasi 2,5 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 7,5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, dan 12,5 mg/ml. Acarbose sebagai kontrol. Nilai tersebut dimasukkan pada persamaan regresi linear dari kurva standar pati untuk mendapatkan kadar gula reduksi yang terbentuk. Semakin sedikit gula reduksi yang terbentuk menunjukkan adanya penghambatan enzim α-amilase. Data penelitian ditampilkan pada mean ± SD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas enzim α-amilase sebesar 4776,63 U/ml. Sampel yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak air kacang merah dengan konsentrasi 2,5 mg/ml dan 5 mg/ml tidak menunjukkan adanya gula reduksi. Sedangkan gula reduksi terbentuk pada sampel yang telah diberi ekstrak air kacang merah pada konsentrasi 7,5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, dan 12,5 mg/ml dengan kadar gula reduksi sebesar 2,13 mg/ml, 3,75 mg/ml, dan 40,79 mg/ml. Jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol obat yaitu Acarbose, kadar gula reduksi (27 mg/ml) lebih besar dibandingkan ekstrak air kacang merah pada konsentrasi 7,5 dan 10 mg/ml, namun lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan ekstrak air kacang merah pada konsentrasi 12,5 mg/ml. Ekstrak air kacang merah dengan konsentrasi 2,5 mg/ml dan 5 mg/ml memiliki kemampuan sebagai enzim α-amilase inhibitor yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak terbentuknya gula reduksi pada sampel. Kata kunci: ekstrak air kacang merah; enzim α-amilase inhibitor
PERLAKUAN PADA ROTI GANDUM UNTUK MENURUNKAN INDEKS GLIKEMIKNYA
Authors: Muflihati Iffah
Published: January 2018

Roti gandum umumnya memiliki nilai indeks glikemik yang tinggi sehingga sering digunakan sebagai sampel standar dalam penelitian yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan produk makanan lain yang diteliti. Beberapa inovasi telah dilakukan untuk menurunkan nilai indeks glikemik pada roti gandum. Review ini akan membahas treatment yang dilakukan untuk menghasilkan produk roti dengan indeks glikemik yang lebih rendah, berdasarkan penelitian yang pernah dilakukan.
Potensi Antioksidan Ekstrak Air Cincau Hitam sebagai Hepatoprotektor pada Tikus yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik
Authors: Nurdyansyah Fafa -
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan antioksidan ekstrak air cincau hitam dalam melindungi sel liver tikus yang dipapar parasetamol dosis toksik. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap. Tahap pertama adalah proses ekstraksi daun cincau hitam dengan metode infusa dan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak air cincau hitam (EACH). Tahap kedua yaitu tahap pengujian secara In vivo, pada tahap ini sebanyak 24 ekor tikus strain wistar dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu, kelompok 1 tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), kelompok perlakuan II mendapat parasetamol 500 mg/kgBB, kelompok perlakuan III dan IV diberikan perlakuan parasetamol 500 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari kemudian masing-masing diberikan EACH 250 dan 500 mg/kgBB selama 21 hari. Semua kelompok dilakukan pengamatan berat badan dan asupan pakan harian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak air cincau hitam 500 mg/kgBB memiliki aktivitas antioksidan DPPH yang hampir menyamai BHT yaitu sebesar 82,760%, pemberian EACH pada berbagai dosis mampu meningkatkan kadar SOD  dan GSH secara signifikan dibanding kelompok kontrol positif, serta mampu menurunkan pembentukan peroksidasi lipid melalui pengamatan kadar MDA serum secara signifikan (P<0,05). Ekstrak air cincau hitam dosis 500 mg/kgBB memiliki sifat antioksidasi terbaik yang berperan sebagai hepatoprotektor akibat paparan parasetamol dosis toksik.
KAJIAN SIFAT ANTIBAKTERI EMULSIFIER MONOLAURIN YANG DIHASILKAN DARI REAKSI KIMIAWI DAN ENZIMATIS
Authors: Affandi Arief Rakhman
Published: January 2018

Monolaurin merupakan salah satu bentuk monogliserida yang memiliki kandungan asam laurat yang cukup tinggi. Selain dapat berfungsi sebagai emulsifier, produk ini juga memiliki sifat antibakteri yang cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu, produk ini banyak diaplikasikan dalam dunia farmasetikal dan industri pangan. Produk monolaurin dapat dihasilkan dari berbagai sumber bahan baku yang memiliki kandungan asam laurat cukup tinggi, seperti minyak kelapa dan minyak inti sawit. Kedua jenis minyak nabati ini diketahui memiliki kandungan asam laurat sekitar 40-60%. Proses produksi dapat dilakukan secara kimiawi atau enzimatis dimana masing-masing jenis reaksi memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahan baik dari segi proses pembuatan dan karakteristik fisikokimianya. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahawa monolaurin lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dibandingkan bakteri Gram negatif.
KETERAMPILAN PUKULAN DROPSHOT PERMAINAN BULUTANGKIS PADA ATLET PB JAYA RAYA METLAND JAKARTA
Authors: Denatara Eskar Tri
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAK         Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pendekatan latihan drill dan latihan stroke berpasangan, terhadap hasil ketepatan dropshot bulutangkis, atlet putra usia 11-13 tahun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PB Jaya Raya Metland Jakarta dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2X2. Sampel penelitian adalah atlet putra usia 11-13 tahun PB Jaya Raya Metland Jakarta, berjumlah 75 orang dan 20 siswa dengan persepsi kinestetik rendah. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis varian (ANAVA) dua arah, dengan Uji Tukey sebagai uji lanjut, pada taraf signifikansi 0,05.        Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) secara keseluruhan terdapat  perbedaan latihan ketrampilan  dropshot antara kelompok belajar yang menggunakan pendekatan latihan drill dengan pendekatan latihan stroke berpasangan (qo = 0,321 dan qt = 2,023), (2) kelompok belajar yang memiliki persepsi kinestetik tinggi, dengan pendekatan latihan drill memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap hasil ketepatan dropshot buulutangkis dibanding dengan pendekatan latihan stroke berpasangan (qo = 0,909 dan qt = 2,262), (3) kelompok latihan yang memiliki persepsi kinestetik rendah, dengan pendekatan latihan stroke berpasangan  memiliki pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap hasil ketepatan dropshot  bulutangkis, dibanding dengan pendekatan latihan stroke berpasangan, dan (4) terdapat interaksi antara metode latihan dengan persepsi kinestetik terhadap hasil latihan dropshot bulutangkis. Kata Kunci : Pukulan Dropshot, Jaya Raya Metland
Baltic Shipping Development in Maritime Spatial Planning Aspect
Authors: Czermański Ernest
Published: January 2018

The main purpose of the paper is to select, characterize and analyze the most important trends and areas of functioning and development of the Baltic Shipping market, which have a signi cant impact on the process of shaping maritime spatial planning in the Baltic Sea, as evidenced by the several years of the “MSP Directive” No. 2014/89 / EU (Maritime Spatial Planning). These areas are divided into two main groups: external (independent of marine navigation itself) and internal (that is, those that act as an element of navigation, have a signicant impact on its further development). Therefore, for the scienti c purpose of the paper has been stated the main hypothesis of developing Baltic shipping market by increasing the traffic and level of complexity of correlations and internal dependencies. This hypothesis has been evaluated positively by data analysis, logical deduction and induction and inference of analysed processes.

 

This article is intended to be an element of preparations for the implementation of Maritime Spatial Plans in the Baltic Sea for both, the Polish Maritime Administration, and the international cooperation process in the design of such plans for individual Baltic Sea Region states. The trends and areas presented in this article are of key importance for forecasting the future development of the Baltic Shipping, and accordingly the proper preparation of assumptions for the spatial plans in question.
Metody i aplikacje zdalnego szkolenia mieszkańców inteligentnych miast
Authors: Balicki Jerzy , Dryja Piotr , Korłub Waldemar , Tyszka Maciej
Published: January 2018

Rozwój nowego rodzaju miast i regionów nazywanych smart cities pociąga za sobą nowy sposób edukacji lokalnych społeczności. Z tego względu w artykule przybliżono metodykę wykorzystania systemów zdalnego szkolenia mieszkańców w smart city. W szczególności scharakteryzowano wybrane zastosowania e-kształcenia w celu wspierania rozwoju inteligentnych miast. Nawiązano do najnowszych podejść opierających się na wykorzystaniu inteligentnych agentów programistycznych w e-learningu. Ponadto odniesiono się do zaawansowanych metod sztucznej inteligencji ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem programowania genetycznego, sztucznych sieci neuronowych, algorytmów neuro-ewolucyjnych, maszyny wektorów wspierających oraz algorytmów inteligencji zbiorowej. Na zakończenie omówiono usługi w chmurze komputerowej, które dedykowane są do wspierania zarządzania i szkolenia w smart city.
Comparative Study of Laparoscopic Appendectomies With Application of Different Techniques for Closure of the Appendicular Mesoappendix and Stump
Authors: Al-Shalah Mohend A.N.
Published: January 2018

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy(LA) has gained a wide safe acceptance and effective method for treatment of acute appendicitis and can be considered as a gold standard. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of LA performed with the use of different techniques.

Method: Prospective randomized comparative study was carried out in a Babylon General Teaching Hospital. Patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis between December 2011 and December 2015 and agreed to do LA were included in this study. In Group A , the mesoappendix and the base of appendix is ligated using titanium clips while in group B ,the mesoappendix was cut with the application of monopolar diathermy very near to the appendix wall and the base of appendix is ligated using vicryle endoloop. In. Primary outcomes were assessed which include mortality ,intra and post-operative complication rate, reinterventions, and converted laparoscopic appendectomies to open .Secondary outcomes were time of hospitalization, duration of operation, wound infection and intra-abdominal abscesses formation rate, hospital charges.

Result: A total of 284patients underwent LA. 146 (51.4%) of them ,LA were done by clipping of mesoappendix and base of appendix by titanium clips, while the other 138 (48.6%) of patients LA were done by using monapolar diathermy to the mesoappendix and base of appendix secured by vicryle endoloop. The overall mean age of all patients with appendectomy was (26.42±11.05) years old and (38.7%) of patients were aged between 20-30 years. (52.5%) of patients were males. The overall mean weight, height and BMI for patients with appendectomy were (74.29±12.14) kg, (1.68±0.09) m and (26.68±8.84) kg/m2, respectively. (45.4%) of patients were overweight. The overall mean duration of operation was (31.01±12.48) min and (68.7%) of patients spent less than 30 min operative time, meanwhile, the mean of hospitalization after operation was (22.11± 17.96) hours and (71.8%) of patients stayed less than 20 hours in hospital. Only (8.5%) of patients had complicated appendicitis and complication post-operation, while, (4.9%) of patients had complicated appendectomy. (45.1%) of operations’ cost were 450 US $. There were significant associations between type of appendectomy with duration, complicated operation and price of operation.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomies can be considered a safe treatment of complicated and non complicated appendicitis. Application of monopolar diathermy very near to the wall of appendix to cauterize the small vessels of mesoappendix is useful and safe and considered costly effective and less complication rate than application of Titanium clips.
Development and Empirical Investigation of a Self-Powered UV Detector Based-Microcontroller
Authors: Al-Mumen Haider
Published: January 2018

Titanium dioxide Nano particles have been used as a core material for the design of low-cost sustainable power source, the dye sensitized cell. In this work, dye sensitized cell was investigated to be used as a self-powered ultra violet light detector in a data acquisition system. To enhance the detector robustness, the device was sealed using cross-linked photo resist to isolate it from the environmental effects. The detector was tested in air as well as in water to proof its characteristics in various environmental conditions. High responsivity and fast response were achieved for both discrete and continuous ultraviolet (UV) illuminations. To prove the self-powered property of the sensor, it was interfaced to a microcontroller. Our experimental results confirmed that there is no need of intermediate electronics such as signal conditioning in the interfacing circuit. Furthermore, the detector observed obvious selectivity for different light colors. This characteristic makes it candidate for the development of color sensors.