bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application Value of a Machine Learning Model in Predicting Mild Depression Associated with Migraine without Aura
Authors: Cui Sheng-wei , Pei1 Pei , Yang Wen-ming
Published: September 2024

Aims/Background To investigate the application value of a machine learning model in predicting mild depression associated with migraine without aura (MwoA).

Methods 178 patients with MwoA admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected as subjects. According to their inpatient medical records, 38 patients were selected as the validation group by random number method, and the remaining 140 patients were included in the modelling group. According to the diagnosis results, the patients in the modelling group and validation group were further divided into a MwoA with mild depression group and a MwoA without mild depression group.

Results The results of univariate analysis and Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, course of disease, attack frequency, headache duration, Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS), and Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) score were independent influencing factors for mild depression in MwoA patients (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis results showed that the area under the curve of the established prediction model for MwoA patients with mild depression in the modelling group and the validation group was 0.982 and 0.901, respectively, the sensitivity was 0.978 and 0.857, respectively, and the specificity was 0.892 and 0.929, respectively.

Conclusion Gender, course of disease, seizure frequency, headache duration, MIDAS score, and HIT-6 score are independent influencing factors for mild depression in patients with MwoA. The model displays good performance for the prediction of mild depression in patients with MwoA.
Steven-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis is Associated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Usage: A Case Series
Authors: Cao Riqu , Xu Tianhong
Published: September 2024

Aims/Background The increasing adoption of inhibitors of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), in the treatment of multiple cancer types in China has started to garner broader attention due to the occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially life-threatening skin reactions such as Steven-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Isolated case reports have described SJS/TEN associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors usage. In this paper, we presented a series of cases of SJS/TEN following the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in a dermatology hospital located in Zhejiang Province of China in the past several years, summarizing characteristics of these cases and providing a reference of management.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed all the medical records of inpatients diagnosed with SJS/TEN in the Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital from 2012 to 2024. We analyzed and compared the situation of SJS/TEN onset, types of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors used, score of severity, laboratory findings, and essential therapies of the patients who had received PD-1/PD-L1.

Results We identified 12 SJS/TEN patients who had been treated with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors: sintilimab had been used in six patients; tislelizumab in two cases; toripalimab, keytruda and cadonilimab each in one case; and an unknown prescription in one case. The longest duration between the first PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor dose and the SJS/TEN diagnosis recorded was nine months whereas the shortest was 11 days. Half of the selected patients received chemotherapy at the same time. More than two types of therapies were applied to the cases, except for two cases with mild SJS.

Conclusion This study unveils a potential, under-recognized cause of SJS/TEN in the cancer patients after analyzing the cases of SJS/TEN in cancer patients with prior exposure to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. This paper also provides clue about the prominent features of SJS/TEN aforesaid, offering insights on the effective management measures for optimizing clinical safety.
How Is the Insight Overview of Artificial Intelligence Research in High School?
Authors: Widayanti Widayanti , Haryanto Haryanto , Istiyono Edi , Saregar Antomi , Amaliah Khusnatul
Published: September 2024

The world is looking forward to advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology, with significant research underway regarding the application of AI in education. This study analyzed publications on the potential of AI in secondary schools, focusing on its bibliometric aspects. Data from the Scopus database revealed 1,764 publications from 2019 to 2024. The analysis showed a steady annual growth in publications in this area. China and the USA were the leaders in the number of publications. Xiaoyue Wang was the most prolific researcher, having authored 71 AI-related articles. Yueying Li, Xiaoxu Chen, Yanzhu Zhang, and Yi Liu contributed to the field with 56, 55, 53, and 51 articles, respectively. The themes that emerged from 2019 to 2022 are related to media, application, study, institutions, artificial, digital, learning, factors, development, technologies, medical, automated, perception, support, and sustainability. From 2023 to 2024, the topics discussed in AI are related to students, education, perception, algorithms, digital, prediction, networks, challenges, writing, teachers, AI-powered, curriculum, century, integration, technology, and framework. The difference in research in 2019-2022 and 2023-2024 is focusing the theme's focus from the general to the specific. The co-occurrence analysis revealed that prominent keywords appeared in 3 clusters. Cluster 1 is the most popular in recent times. It deals with the application, assessment, and management of AI. Cluster 2 relates to AI relationships and models, while Cluster 3 relates to AI data sources.
Türk Dünyası Sözlü Şiir Geleneği İçinde Görme Engelli Söz Ustaları*
Authors: Aydın Oğuzhan
Published: September 2024

Tarih boyunca bilimin ve sanatın çeşitli alanlarında körlerin önemli bir yeri olmuştur. Onların yaratıcılıklarının görme engelleriyle ilgisinin olup olmadığı konusu ise tartışılmaya devam etmektedir. Türk kültür tarihinde de görme engelli olduğu hâlde yaratıcılıklarıyla ve ürettikleri eserlerle toplumu aydınlatan bilim insanı ve sanatçıların sayısı kayda değerdir. Bunların arasında destan anlatıcıları ve halk şairleri de vardır. Makalede bu halk şairleri arasında ömrünün son yıllarında yaşlılığa dayalı olarak kör olanlar değil, doğuştan veya sanatlarının yaratıcılık dönemlerinin başlarında kör olanlar incelemeye dâhil edilmiştir. Hemen tamamının görme engellerinin yanı sıra çok yoksul bir hayat yaşamaları, okuma yazma bilmemelerine veya sonradan öğrenmelerine rağmen düşünce ve anlam bakımından zengin eserler üretmeleri ve içinde bulundukları geleneği yaşatıp ona yenilikler kazandırmaları ayrıca dikkate değerdir. Makalede, Anadolu, Azerbaycan, Yakutistan (Saha), Altay, Kazak, Kırgız, Türkmen sahalarındaki görme engelli âşıklar, destan anlatıcıları ve halk şairleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Böylelikle görme engelli olmakla ustalıkla söz söyleme arasındaki ilişki makalede adı geçen sözlü şiir temsilcileri bağlamında ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering as a New Tool to Evaluate Moisture-Induced Swelling in the Nanostructure of Chemically Modified Wood Cell Walls*
Authors: Plaza Nayomi Z. , Jakes Joseph E. , Frihart Charles R. , Hunt Christopher G. , Yelle Daniel J. , Lorenz Linda F. , Heller William T. , Pingali Sai Venkatesh , Stone Donald S.
Published: September 2024

Wood-based products can be a sustainable and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional construction materials because of their reduced contribution to air and water pollution. An integral component of these products is often an adhesive. Because wood is hygroscopic, moisture-induced swelling in the cell walls near the wood–adhesive bond lines can lead to durability and performance issues. Unfortunately, researchers working toward improving the moisture durability of forest products are hindered by an incomplete understanding of the nanoscale mechanisms that contribute to moisture-induced swelling in wood and how chemical modifications affect the swelling. Therefore, we developed small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) into a tool that can study the 1- to 100-nm structure of unmodified and chemically modified wood cell walls and can measure the effects of moisture in this structure. In this study, SANS was used to reveal the nanostructure of a deuterium-labeled phenol-formaldehyde (dPF) adhesive infiltrated into wood cell walls. The results revealed that the dPF infiltrated the water-accessible regions between the elementary fibrils inside the wood cell walls. These results provide the new insight that adhesive infiltration into the cellulose microfibril (a bundle of elementary fibrils) may be a key to designing moisture-durable wood adhesives.
Syntheses of Diethylene Tricarbamide–Formaldehyde and Copolymer Resins and Their Low Formaldehyde-Emitting Binder Performance of Wood Composite Board
Authors: Kim Moon G. , Lee Sang-yeop , Sukhbaatar Badamkhand
Published: September 2024

Diethylene tricarbamide–formaldehyde (DF) resins were investigated for syntheses at low mole ratios and at about 60 percent resin solids levels in water as low formaldehyde-emitting binders of wood composite boards. Tri-functional monomer D was shown to react readily with formaldehyde to form hydroxymethyl groups that then react to form methylene bonds between molecules to form DF resins of water-soluble oligomeric condensation products, similar to urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins. DF resins showed a better storage life and longer pot life than, and similar cure times as, UF resins. DF resins also bonded laboratory particleboard as effectively as UF resins in terms of hot-pressing parameters and resultant boards' physical properties, while the formaldehyde content (FC) values of boards were lower by about 75 percent than UF resins, at about 2.3 to 4.4 mg/100 g wood by the Perforator method, significantly below the current regulation levels. Copolymer resins made with up to 15 percent urea substitutions performed equally well as particleboard binders with only slightly increased FC values, indicating some cost savings possible for industry. Copolymer resins made with up to 25 percent melamine also performed well with similarly low FC values and improved the physical properties of boards, indicating some lowering of loading levels of resin solids possible for industry, especially in the formulating of face layer resins. DF and copolymer resins are considered to be adaptable in current resin and board manufacturing plants to produce wood composite boards with a low formaldehyde emission potentials and without loss of productivity and board quality, a problem present in the current wood composites manufacturing industries.
Distinctive Impact of Processing Techniques on Bonding Surfaces of Acetylated and Heat-Treated Beech Wood and Its Relation to Bonding Strength*
Authors: Lütkemeier Bernd , Konnerth Johannes , Militz Holger
Published: September 2024

In this study, the tensile shear strength of untreated, acetylated, and heat-treated beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood joints was investigated as a function of different surficial processing techniques. It was hypothesized that differentiating patterns of surface texture are induced by specific processing techniques directly affecting the bonding performance of adhered assemblies. Surface processing was implemented either by peripheral planing with sharp and dull knives, or by sanding (P100). Process-dependent surface textures were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and a digital light microscope was applied to display the structural integrity of surficial wood tissues. In dependence on wood modification techniques, process-related patterns of surface texture were observed. Laser scanning data of surface morphology was used to derive area-related functional roughness parameters defining complex surface textures quantitatively. For tensile shear testing, lamellae were bonded either with a two-component melamine-urea-formaldehyde adhesive or with a one-component moisture-curing polyurethane adhesive. Single lap-joint specimens were prepared following EN 302-1:2013 by the Deutsches Institut für Normung considering a material-adapted specimen geometry. Bonding strength was evaluated with respect to differentiating regimes of moisture. Specific dependences of modified beech wood properties on surface morphologies subsequent to surface processing and, therewith, on the associated bonding performance could be verified.

As a result, universal relationships between bonding performance and surface processing technique could not be identified. Thus, individual studies of bonding performances in dependence on adherend- and processing-related surface textures are inevitable.
Assessing Panelboard Volatile Organic Compound Emission Profiles through Renewables Use*
Authors: Grigsby Warren , Tohmura Shin-ichiro , Miyamoto Kohta
Published: September 2024

With an increasing prevalence of renewables used as binders in panelboard products, it is of interest to know how these renewables may impact manufacturing environments and product performance. In this study, soy and zein proteins together with a kraft lignin and condensed tannin extract have been evaluated for contributions to volatile organic compounds arising in press emissions from processing hardwood veneer plywood. Analysis revealed aldehydes tended to dominate press emissions, with both proteinaceous materials producing significantly higher acetaldehyde and hexaldehyde emissions relative to the wood veneer used. Other aldehydes, including formaldehyde, valeraldehyde, and propionaldehyde, were also produced but in relatively lower quantities. The use of polyphenolics led to lower formaldehyde content in press emissions with tannin, also reducing acetaldehyde and other aldehydes in press emissions. Chamber testing plywood panels found the composition of VOC emissions initially released from panels to be prominent compounds in press emissions produced during panel manufacture.
Effects of Surface Veneering, Edge Banding, and Drilling Holes for Handles and Hinges of Wood-Based Boards on Formaldehyde Emission
Authors: Cinar Hamza , Ozturk Yasemin , Yildirim Kemal
Published: September 2024

This study determined the effects of surface veneering (V), edge banding (E), and handle and hinge holing on formaldehyde emission (FE) for standard particleboard (PB) and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Thirty test samples were prepared from PB and MDF. Each sample was pressed by 0.6-mm beech veneer and edged with 2-mm beech veneers. In the samples, two handle holes were drilled with 18-mm depth and 5-mm diameter, and two hinge holes were drilled with 15-mm depth and 30-mm diameter. FE was measured in accordance with Turkish standards by a MultiRAE multiple gas analyzer. A significant decrease from 93 to 80 percent for PBs and from 72 to 22 percent for MDFs was detected when compared with the control samples. V and E of boards (PB/MDF + V + E) significantly reduced FE from 1.1078 to 0.0733 parts per million (ppm) (93%) for PB and from 0.2311 to 0.0667 ppm (72%) for MDF. Drilling holes for hinges and handles (H) on the surfaces of boards slightly increased FE from 0.0733 to 0.0789 ppm for PB and from 0.0644 to 0.0789 ppm for MDF. Regarding distance to E1 (0.10 ppm), unprocessed control samples and samples of PB + V and MDF + V yielded results higher than the limits of E1. In conclusion, V and E significantly reduced FE, whereas H slightly increased FE. The need for a way to reduce FE to accepted levels is of great concern for the Turkish furniture industry.
Finding Refuge in Humor or Stoking the Flames of Antisemitism? Genre, Revisionist History, and the Holocaust in Contemporary American Popular Culture
Authors: Pickette Samantha
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines the roles that genre and revisionist history play in popular culture depictions of the Holocaust, focusing on examples of contemporary films and TV series that incorporate elements of comedy, fantasy, melodrama, and revenge as cinematic devices that offer new ways of understanding the Holocaust. Genre acts as an agent of resistance—both in the sense that the existence of these films and series stake a claim for the artistic merit of unconventional approaches to Holocaust narratives and, perhaps more importantly, in the sense that the possibilities offered by these alternative genres facilitate a potentially deeper and more significant exploration of the social, cultural, and political consequences of fascism, antisemitism, Nazism, victimhood, and indifference. Yet, at the same time, given the current rise of antisemitism, the widespread decline in Holocaust education, and the proliferation of Nazi rhetoric on social media, these works prove controversial in their respective approaches. Who are these depictions of the Holocaust for, what messages do they send to their various audiences, and how does the cinematic approach to the Holocaust change as the temporal distance from the Shoah increases? This article will ultimately pose an answer to these questions using an analysis of Amazon Prime's Hunters (2020–2023) and Taika Waititi's 2019 film Jojo Rabbit as case studies that consider the social, pedagogical, and moral consequences of approaching the Holocaust through the lenses of revisionist history, comedy, fantasy, and other genres that encourage viewers to think about genocide, victimization, and antisemitism in transgressive and potentially trans-formative ways. In doing so, this article will trace the relationship between genre, popular culture, and the Holocaust, identifying patterns of narrative content, political context, authorship, and audience/critical reception, both in the contemporary case studies explored in this paper, and in classic examples (such as Tarantino's Inglourious Basterds or Brooks's The Producers ) that have claimed space for wishfulfillment, revenge, and fantasy in the canon of Holocaust cinema.
"The Queen of the House": The Irony and Satire of the "Snow White" Sequel in Edo Lilipoupoli , a Greek Radio Show for Children of the Late 1970s
Authors: Giampoura Aikaterini
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In the wake of the cliché phrase "and they lived happily ever after," Snow White and the Prince become a typical middle-class married couple of the 1970s in Edo Lilipoupoli , a children's daily radio broadcast. The essay connects this satirical fairy-tale adaptation with Greek jocular stories that focus on marriage and stubbornness, and it analyzes one episode's narrative, musical, and verbal elements, aiming to highlight the scriptwriters' feminist perspective on the status of women at the time.
Fairy Tales in Service of Political Projects: "Hansel and Gretel" in Changing Political Regimes
Authors: Tratnik Polona
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The production of fairy tales depends on political interests. The tales' regimes of production and anticipated reception condition their inscribed ideological inclinations and erasures. I examine how Kinder- und Hausmärchen by the brothers Grimm contributed to nation-building and, focusing on "Hansel and Gretel," how the changing regimes of production required omissions in the translations of the Grimms' tales into Slovenian. I argue that the sui generis appropriation of the tale titled "Janko and Metka" by the writer France Bevk helped build a socialist nation. Finally, the article comments on some issues in capitalist regimes of fairy-tale production.
The Ultimate Intrinsic Motivator in Medicine: Patient Perspectives on What It Means to Be Loved by the Healthcare Team
Authors: Sams Richard , Kim Dae Gun Chung , Dubey Shresttha
Published: September 2024

There is a compassion crisis in healthcare negatively impacting patient outcomes. Little is known about the relationship of love as a motivating factor in healthcare. Our research exploring physician and nurse perspectives on what it means to love their patients elucidated substantive themes. Here we report findings from an exploratory follow-up qualitative study exploring patient perspectives on what it means to be loved by the healthcare team. Through convenience sampling, we conducted 21 structured interviews of patients exiting a family medicine clinic. Nineteen of 21 patients unreservedly thought healthcare professionals should love their patients. Common themes emerged, which included being caring, trustworthy, empathetic, compassionate, conscientious, and a concern for the patient’s well-being. The characteristics and actions that reflect love were remarkably consistent with physician and nurse descriptions in our prior study. The nature of love described by patients, physicians and nurses could serve as a basis for high quality, compassionate, ethically sound healthcare.
Two-dimensional vector bending sensor based on single excessively tilted fiber grating
Authors: Chen Fudan , Binbin Luo , Wu Decao , Zou Xue , Huang Ling , Huang Mingjiang , Liu Zhihai
Published: September 2024

We introduced a two-dimensional vector-bending sensor using excessively tilted fiber grating (ExTFG) encapsulated in a non-neutral axis position within a flexible cylinder. The asymmetrical structure enabled both TM and TE modes of the ExTFG to achieve the competency of one-dimensional vector bending sensing by cleverly leveraging the orthogonal relationship between these modes to achieve the effect of orthogonal cascading of two one-dimensional sensors. The resonance wavelength changes of the TM and TE modes were monitored under equal excitation states to achieve two-dimensional vector bending sensing, which significantly simplified the manufacturing complexity of the sensor; the longer the off-axis distance, the higher the sensitivity, and the smaller the maximum measurable curvature. Through an optimal parameter designation for the sensor, the results showed that the transmission spectra of TM and TE modes varied significantly depending on the curvature and direction of the sensor bending with a maximum sensitivity of -105 pm/m-1 and 105.5 pm/m-1, -70.25 pm/m-1 and 67.5 pm/m-1, respectively. Subsequently, the direction and curvature of the vector bending could be reconstructed using the established algorithm with the measured wavelength shifts of TM and TE modes. The average relative error was about 2.02% for the reconstructed direction angle and about 3.61% for the reconstructed curvature. The proposed sensor offered higher sensitivity than those based on FBGs and improved stability compared to those based on optical fiber interferometers. Therefore, it holds promising applications in structural health monitoring in complex environments and intelligent machinery.
Lensless super-resolved quantitative phase imaging with cm-level lateral translations of two glass plates
Authors: Peng Yu , Huang Yuncong , Li Yong , Han Xingjiang , Jin Weimin , Ma Lihong
Published: September 2024

In this Letter, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, lensless on-chip holographic microscopy platform, which can acquire sub-pixel-shifting holograms through centimeter (cm)-level lateral translations. An LED light source is used to illuminate the sample, and two orthogonally tilted step-structure glass plates are inserted into the optical path. By merely displacing the glass plates under cm-level precision, a series of holograms with sub-pixel displacements can be obtained. Combined with our improved pixel super-resolution (PSR) algorithm, high-quality PSR phase imaging can be achieved. Tests on the high-resolution USAF1951 target demonstrate that the system can achieve a half-width resolution of 870 nm by a camera with a pixel size of 1.67 µm. Additionally, imaging experiments were conducted on phase-type sinusoidal gratings, yeasts, red blood cells, and lilium ovary sections, respectively. The results show that the system can achieve large field-of-view, high-resolution phase imaging under low-cost hardware conditions and holds promise for its applications in biology and medicine.
Packet information encoding in a cerebellum-like circuit
Authors: Rodríguez-Cattáneo Alejo , Pereira Ana Carolina , Aguilera Pedro Anibal , Caputi Ángel Ariel
Published: September 2024

Packet information encoding of neural signals was proposed for vision about 50 years ago and has recently been revived as a plausible strategy generalizable to natural and artificial sensory systems. It involves discrete image segmentation controlled by feedback and the ability to store and compare packets of information. This article shows that neurons of the cerebellum-like electrosensory lobe (EL) of the electric fish Gymnotus omarorum use spike-count and spike-timing distribution as constitutive variables of packets of information that encode one-by-one the electrosensory images generated by a self-timed series of electric organ discharges (EODs). To evaluate this hypothesis, extracellular unitary activity was recorded from the centro-medial map of the EL. Units recorded in high-decerebrate preparations were classified into six types using hierarchical cluster analysis of post-EOD spiking histograms. Cross-correlation analysis indicated that each EOD strongly influences the unit firing probability within the next inter-EOD interval. Units of the same type were similarly located in the laminar organization of the EL and showed similar stimulus-specific changes in spike count and spike timing after the EOD when a metal object was moved close by, along the fish’s body parallel to the skin, or when the longitudinal impedance of a static cylindrical probe placed at the center of the receptive field was incremented in a stepwise manner in repetitive trials. These last experiments showed that spike-counts and the relative entropy, expressing a comparative measure of information before and after the step, were systematically increased with respect to a control in all unit types. The post-EOD spike-timing probability distribution and the relatively independent contribution of spike-timing and number to the content of information in the transmitted packet suggest that these are the constitutive image-encoding variables of the packets. Comparative analysis suggests that packet information transmission is a general principle for processing superposition images in cerebellum-like networks.
Establishment of methanogen bacterial interactions during the preweaning period of dairy cattle
Authors: Indugu Nagaraju , Narayan Kapil S. , Hennessy Meagan L. , Pitta Dipti
Published: September 2024

Ruminant livestock are major contributors to anthropogenic methane emissions in the United States and worldwide. Enteric methane is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. Information on when methanogens colonize the gut and when they begin to interact with bacteria during the early phases of the ruminant life cycle is less explored. The objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the composition of the methanogenic archaeal community at birth and through the weaning transition and (ii) to determine if and when the methanogenic archaea begin to interact with bacteria in the lower gut of neonatal dairy calves. Ten female Holstein calves (approximately 45kg birth weight) were enrolled in the study. Fecal samples were collected every two weeks (Wk 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12) between birth and weaning and analyzed for methanogenic archaeal diversity via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Estimates of alpha diversity (Observed species, and Shannon diversity index) and beta diversity (weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances) showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between archaeal communities across timepoints. Both 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and RT-qPCR analyses revealed Methanobrevibacter was the most prevalent genus at Wk2, Wk4, and Wk6, whereas Methanosphaera gradually increased with time and was most abundant at Wk10 and Wk12. Correlation analysis revealed that Methanobrevibacter and Methanosphaera were inversely correlated with each other and formed distinct cohorts with specific bacterial lineages similar to those reported in the mature rumen, thus revealing that these associations are established during the preweaning period. Therefore, the preweaning period presents a window of opportunity to interfere with early-life methanogenic colonization with the ultimate goal of reducing enteric methane emissions without perturbing ruminal function later in the life of dairy cattle.
Modal deflection method for bridge load testing: a practical alternative to static load tests
Authors: Li Shukun , Qi Sheng , Zhao Ruofan , Qi Xingjun , Cao Sanpeng
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effectiveness of modal deflection testing as a substitute for static load tests, focusing on the separation of the Ji-Jiao railway separated overpass. The designed load test schemes for both the central and eccentric loading conditions were used to measure the real-time static deflections of the bridge to assess its bearing capacity. Modal testing based on ambient excitation was employed to capture the acceleration vibration responses and identify the key modal parameters of the bridge. The Kriging interpolation method was utilised to extend the mode shapes along both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the bridge deck. The flexibility matrix of the main beam was computed, the modal deflections of the bridge under static test vehicle loads were predicted, and a comparative analysis was conducted using the measured static deflections from the static load test. The results showed that the modal deflections at the midspan section closely matched the static deflections, with errors consistently below 10%. This suggests that modal testing can effectively replace static load tests, providing a viable method for assessing the bridge load-bearing status and enabling real-time health monitoring. This achievement has practical engineering value and opens up prospects for future research.
Influence of traditional and alternative additives on the physical and mechanical properties of clayey soil
Authors: Marinković Nemanja , Zlatanović Elefterija , Bonić Zoran , Djordjević Dragan , Romic Nikola
Published: September 2024

This study considered the effects of different types of additives on the physical and mechanical characteristics of clayey soil using a chemical stabilisation technique. Under laboratory conditions, samples of the clayey soil mixture with selected additives at percentages of 3 %, 5 %, and 7 % were prepared and tested at time intervals of 3, 7, and 28 d after the treatment. For the prepared samples, the influence of each additive on the change in the uniaxial compressive strength, Atterberg limits, and pH values was analysed. Based on the obtained results, the optimal amount of each additive for the treated soil was determined. Using the optimal additive contents, an additional series of tests to investigate the changes in the modulus of compressibility and void ratio of the treated soil were performed after 3, 7, and 28 d, as well as changes in the California bearing ratio and swelling value after 7 and 28 d. The obtained results reveal that, depending on the amounts of additives in the mixture and the time interval of the test, the physical and mechanical properties of the treated clayey soil could be considerably improved.
Lukáš Fasora a kol., Dějiny Lékařské fakulty Masarykovy univerzity, Brno 2023
Authors: Svobodný Petr
Published: September 2024

Book review on Lukáš Fasora a kol., Dějiny Lékařské fakulty Masarykovy univerzity, Munipress, Brno 2023, 358 s., ISBN 978-80-280-0259-6
Meaning and Hope in the Work of Viktor Frankl
Authors: Fílová Lenka
Published: September 2024

Reflecting on my work, supporting parents of adult children with disabilities, I asked myself about the meaning of my work. If the answer is “to give hope,” is it possible to live up to such a challenge? Viktor Frankl’s most famous book, Yes to Life: In Spite of Everything, bears witness to hope in its very title – witness to the hope that life has meaning despite all the suffering. The aim of this paper is to show the relationship between meaning and hope through analysing some of Frankl’s books. First, I provide a brief background to the people with whom I work. In understanding hope, I draw on Jan Sokol’s definition. I then briefly introduce Frankl’s logotherapy and the basic concepts with which he works, before analysing his texts and defining the relationship between meaning and hope. Finally, I consider whether I can live up to the claim of bringing hope through my work.
Paradoxical Hope: Fr. Aleksander Schmemann’s Sermons on Radio Liberty
Authors: Janjić Milutin
Published: September 2024

This article explores Father Aleksander Schmemann’s radio broadcasts that began in 1953 on Radio Liberty, coinciding with Joseph Stalin’s death. The article argues that his broadcasts represent a unique form of hope, particularly from an Orthodox Christian perspective. A core aspect of his theological thought emphasizes personal religious experiences, both internal and external, expressed effectively through literature and poetry. The article examines one of Fr Schmemann’s sermons, which discusses Russian poet Joseph Brodsky’s poem “ The Meeting of the Lord” (“Sretenie”). Through this sermon, the article demonstrates Fr Schmemann’s view of literature’s role in conveying spiritual insights. It underscores Fr Schmemann’s belief of the significance of personal religious experiences in one’s relationship with God, conveyed primarily through words, whether in liturgical settings or creative expressions like poetry. This profound connection between language, faith, and personal experience forms the foundation of Fr Schmemann’s paradoxical hope, inspiring him to reach out to a distant and suppressed audience.
Stand und Perspektive von ORCID in Deutschland
Authors: Pampel Heinz , Schrader Antonia C. , Vierkant Paul , Dreyer Britta , Glagla-Dietz Stephanie , Hartmann Sarah , Schirrwagen Jochen , Summann Friedrich
Published: September 2024

Mit dem ORCID-Standard wurde ein System der persistenten Identifikatoren für Forschende geschaffen. Der Förderung von ORCID in Deutschland widmete sich von 2016 bis 2022 das von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderte Projekt ORCID DE. Dank des Projekts konnte die Anzahl der in Deutschland registrierten ORCID iDs von etwa 44 000 im Jahr 2016 auf 356 800 im Jahr 2024 gesteigert werden. Die Schaffung einer Dialogplattform und der Aufbau eines nationalen Konsortiums sind weitere Erfolge von ORCID DE. Auch wurde die Integration von ORCID in zentrale Standards der Informationsinfrastruktur vorangetrieben und die Vernetzung mit der Gemeinsamen Normdatei (GND) durch verschiedene Verfahren der Vernetzung befördert. Mit der Integration von ORCID in die Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) wurde die Sichtbarkeit von ORCID in Open-Access-Publikationen gesteigert. Durch den Aufbau des ORCID-DE-Monitors wurde ein Informationssystem zur Verbreitung von ORCID auf internationaler Ebene geschaffen. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Arbeit und Ergebnisse des Projekts und dokumentiert anhand der formulierten ACTION-Prinzipien Anregungen für ähnliche Standardisierungsinitiativen im Bereich der digitalen Informationsinfrastruktur.
Calculations of mass stopping power and range of protons in organic compounds (CH3OH, CH2O, and CO2) at energy range of 0.01–1,000 MeV
Authors: Taha Abrar , Kadhim Rashid O.
Published: September 2024

The determination of stopping power and the range of protons present in CH3OH, CH2O, and CO2 was accomplished within the energy range of 0.01–1,000 MeV by employing the Bethe equation and Ziegler equation. The latter two equations utilize quantum mechanics to derive an approximation of the stopping force formula, which applies to highly charged particles. The software MATLAB was utilized in the calculation of the results. A suitable equation for computing the halting power of protons in the range of 0.01–1,000 MeV has been identified. A correlation coefficient of 0.999 was determined, suggesting a high degree of concordance between the derived results and those of the SRIM 2013 and P-STAR programs. Proton stopping power analyses of this nature will aid the scientific community in selecting the optimal formulation of stopping power.
Quantification of Corrosion on Cu Wire Bonding on Ag-Plated Lead Frame in HCl for Automotive Electronic Application
Authors: Rosli Syafiqah Afiq , Jalar Azman , Abu Bakar Maria
Published: September 2024

Copper (Cu) wire bonding has been widely used in automotive electronics as an interconnection technology. However, Cu wire bonding faces long-term reliability challenges due to corrosion, particularly when exposed to harsh environments. While the corrosion behavior and mechanisms of bulk-sized Cu metal are well studied, the corrosion behavior of submicron-sized Cu wire bonding in miniaturized components remains unclear. This study investigates the corrosion susceptibility of Cu wire with a 1 mil diameter, bonded to an Ag-plated leadframe in a small-outline transistor (SOT-23) package, commonly used in automotive electronics. The Cu wire bonds were subjected to varying concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl), specifically 3 M, 5 M, and 7 M, for exposure durations of 6, 12, and 18 hours. The samples were characterized using a field emission scanning electron microscope to observe the microstructure, and ImageJ software was used to quantify the corrosion of the Cu wire bonds. The findings show that the Cu wire bonding is susceptible to corrosion when exposed to high concentrations of HCl. The corrosion of the microstructure became more severe with increasing HCl concentration and exposure time. The affected area of the Cu wire bonding was 21% after 6 hours of exposure to 3 M HCl, increasing to 100% after 18 hours of exposure to 7 M HCl. This study reveals that the corrosion behavior of Cu wire bonding is a combination of selective and pitting-like corrosion, resulting in localized surface degradation rather than uniform corrosion. These findings provide valuable insights into the corrosion behavior of 1 mil Cu wire bonding in SOT-23 packages under highly corrosive environments.
Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Hybrid E-Glass and Mohair Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Babu T. Narendiranath , Shyam Suraj , Rama Prabha D , Kaul Shivam , Kalsara Nirav
Published: September 2024

Natural fiber composites have significant potential to replace traditional materials used in industries due to their excellent tensile strength, stiffness, low specific weight, and superior thermal and insulating properties. Mohair fiber, also known as the Noble fiber and the Diamond fiber, is obtained from the Angora goat, an animal of Tibetan origin. Renowned for its brilliant luster and resilience, Mohair is a symbol of luxury and exclusivity. The primary objective of this study is to manufacture and test a new natural fiber composite that could potentially outperform existing materials in real-world applications. Specifically, the study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of this composite. Mohair has previously been identified as a fiber many times stronger than a strand of steel of similar dimensions. Incorporating these highly desirable properties of Mohair into an epoxy matrix is one of the novel aspects of this research. The testing procedure begins with the preparation of ASTM molds, concurrent treatment of the fibers, and the preparation of the binding material. Specimens are created both with and without the addition of electrical glass (E- glass) fibers. The next phase is curing, during which the epoxy is allowed to solidify, forming strong bonds. Once developed and cured, the composites are removed from their molds and undergo post-processing and finishing techniques. This study aims to understand the tensile and flexural characteristics of natural fiber composites reinforced with epoxy. Three fiber orientations—uniaxial, biaxial, and criss-cross—are employed to assess the changes in the mechanical properties of the composites. The results indicate that adding E-glass fibers in alternating layers of the composite significantly enhances both tensile and flexural strength. Statistically, the addition of the biaxial arrangement of fibers with E-glass fibers results in an 18.47% improvement in ultimate tensile strength, while the maximum flexural strength increases by 49.90%. Furthermore, the topography of the cracked surface is examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the breaking of the fibers in all three directions is studied.
Impact of Soybean Biodiesel Blends with Mixed Graphene Nanoparticles on Compression Ignition Engine Performance and Emission: An Experimental and ANN Analysis
Authors: Kadam Prakash M. , Dolas Dhananjay R. , Pal Sagnik , Gajghate Sameer S.
Published: September 2024

The extensive use of fuels in power generation plants, industries, and transportation has led to a scarcity of fossil fuels and has contributed to global warming. This has prompted researchers to focus on improving internal combustion engine performance, as the transportation system accounts for 50% of global fuel consumption. Soybean biodiesel plays a vital role in reducing emissions and fuel consumption in engines. In the current work, a blend of soybean oil is used as a biodiesel (B20, B40, and B60), with and without the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) examined on a constant-speed compression ignition (CI) engine with respect to pure diesel. The blends are denoted as B20GNP10, B20GNP20, B20GNP40, B20GNP60, B20GNP80, and B20GNP100, according to their proposition of biodiesel and graphene nanoplatelets. Similar blends were prepared for B40 and B60 combinations with similar GNPs concentrations. The prepared blend properties were measured, and good thermophysical properties were found. The trial includes testing the engine emissions and performance at altering loads ranging from 0 to 12 kg for all blends. The artificial neural network (ANN) tool is used to forecast the accuracy of experimental results. Compared to pure diesel, the B60GNP100 blend at 12 kg load condition showed the lowest brake specific fuel consumption at 12.58 % and the highest brake thermal efficiency at 27.13%. Emissions were estimated using a gas analyzer, and the outcomes indicated that the biodiesel blends have controlled levels of CO, CO2, NOx, and HC compared to pure diesel. The ANN model with 99.99% accuracy was developed using experimental data, confirming the accuracy of the experimental results with lower simulation time and cost. Additionally, the B60GNP100 blend yielded better results compared to previous studies.
A CONCORRÊNCIA FISCAL DESLEAL E PREJUDICIAL: NATUREZA E DESAFIOS
Authors: Amorim José Campos
Published: September 2024

A concorrência fiscal desleal e prejudicial represente uma nova realidade e desafios para as empresas e os Estados que veem neste fenómeno um meio estratégico destinado à fraude e evasão fiscal. Neste contexto, a União Europeia e a OCDE têm vindo a adotar algumas medidas de combate à elisão e evasão fiscal, mas também os Estados que têm procurado, através de mecanismos internos, de caráter dissuasivo e repressivo, combater a concorrência prejudicial desleal e prejudicial, por via da cláusula geral antiabuso e de normas especiais antiabuso. É uma realidade que extravasa o âmbito nacional e que impõe um conjunto de medidas de ordem internacional e interna destinadas a combater as práticas abusivas de elisão e evasão fiscal, com maior destaca ao nível do Imposto sobre o Rendimento das Pessoas Coletivas, onde o risco de fraude e evasão fiscal é maior.
ANALYSIS OF THE GROUND-BASED MICROWAVE METHOD FOR MEASURING THE OZONE VERTICAL PROFILE
Authors: БОРДОВСКАЯ Ю.И. , ТИМОФЕЕВ Ю.М. , ПОБЕРОВСКИЙ А.В. , ИМХАСИН Х.Х.
Published: September 2024

Важную роль в региональном мониторинге содержания О3 играют наземные микроволновые спектрометры, измеряющие нисходящее тепловое излучение в различных линиях поглощения озона. В работе с помощью численного моделирования изучены информативность типичных наземных измерений нисходящего микроволнового теплового излучения в линии поглощения озона при 110,836 ГГц, погрешности определения вертикальных профилей содержания озона на высотах 20-60 км, а также влияние на них используемой априорной информации о профиле и типе обратного оператора в регрессионной методике решения обратной задачи.

Ground-based MW spectrometers play an important role in the O3 regional monitoring. They measure the downward thermal radiation in various ozone absorption lines. Using numerical simulation, the information content of typical ground-based measurements of downward MW thermal radiation in the ozone absorption line at 110.836 GHz, the errors in the ozone vertical profiles at altitudes of 20-60 km, and the influence on them of a priori information about the solution and type of the inverse operator used in the regression method for solution of the inverse problem are studied.
OBSERVATIONS OF STRATOSPHERE AEROSOL AT LIDAR STATIONS OF ROSHYDROMET AFTER THE ERUPTION OF THE SUBMARINE HUNGA TONGA VOLCANO IN JANUARY 2022
Authors: ИВАНОВ В.Н. , ГРЕБЕННИКОВ В.С. , КОРШУНОВ В.А. , САХИБГАРЕЕВ Д.Г.
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты наблюдения аэрозольных слоев в стратосфере на лидарных станциях Росгидромета в Санкт-Петербурге (59,9° с.ш.), Обнинске (55,1° с.ш.) и Знаменске (48,6° с.ш.) через несколько месяцев после извержения в январе 2022 г. подводного вулкана Хунга-Тонга (21° ю.ш., 175° з.д.). В апреле, мае и октябре наблюдались аэрозольные слои на высотах от 20 до 24 км с отношением обратного рассеяния от 1,2 до 1,4. Степень деполяризации на длине волны 532 нм и отношение коэффициентов обратного аэрозольного рассеяния на длинах волн 355 и 532 нм показывают, что аэрозоль представлен сферическими субмикронными частицами. Проведено сопоставление результатов наблюдений с известными литературными данными по распространению аэрозоля вулкана Хунга-Тонга.

The observations of stratospheric aerosol layers at the lidar stations of Roshydromet in Sankt-Peterburg (59.9° N), Obninsk (55.1° N), and Znamensk (48.6° N) some months after the explosive eruption of the submarine Hunga Tonga (21° S, 175° W) volcano in January 2022 are presented. Aerosol layers at 20-24 km altitudes are observed in April, May, and October with a backscattering ratio of 1.2-1.4. The degree of depolarization at 532 nm and the ratio of the backscattering coefficients at 355 and 532 nm wavelengths show that aerosol consists of submicron spherical particles. The observation results are compared with known data on Hunga Tonga aerosol propagation.
CHANGES IN CYCLONE ACTIVITY AND PRECIPITATION IN THE EXTRATROPICAL LATITUDES OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE IN RECENT DECADES ACCORDING TO ERA5 REANALYSIS DATA
Authors: АКПЕРОВ М.Г. , МОХОВ И.И.
Published: September 2024

На основе данных реанализа ERA5 за последние десятилетия (1979-2021 гг.) получены количественные оценки сезонных и региональных особенностей и изменений циклонической активности в атмосфере Северного полушария; определен вклад внетропических циклонов в формирование соответствующих особенностей и изменений режима осадков. Получено, что вклад внетропических циклонов в формирование общего количества осадков в целом превышает 60%, а для регионов с высокой повторяемостью циклонов достигает 75% зимой и 65% летом. При этом наибольший вклад вносят интенсивные циклоны - около 60% зимой и около 35% летом.

We quantified the seasonal/regional patterns and changes in cyclone activity in the atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and determined the contribution of extratropical cyclones to the formation of corresponding patterns and precipitation changes. It is established that the contribution of extratropical cyclones to the total amount of precipitation exceeds 60% on the whole; for regions with a high cyclone occurrence, it attains 75% in winter and 65% in summer. The strongest contribution is related to intense cyclones: 60% in winter and 35% in summer.