bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Culture in the Formation of the Value and Information Space of the City and the Company
Authors: Grishanin N. V. , Minevich Ya. V. , Merkusheva A. S.
Published: June 2023

Rulers and citizens have been engaged in the formation of the popularity of the territory since ancient times. Everyone was well aware of the unique healing springs, mud hospitals, resorts, temples and monasteries, trading cities to which tourists, merchants, and pilgrims aspired. In fact, these were the first territorial brands that bring territories and the population living on them a good income and distinguish them from a number of other territories. The formation of cultural brands of territories is associated with a unique advantage of the territory or a unique craft. Today, the corporate culture of those companies that conduct their activities can serve as an additional potential for a territorial brand.The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities of the corporate culture of the organization in the development and formation of the brand of the territory through the influence on the worldview of employees living in this territory. As part of the research, we used methods of content analysis of mass media, content analysis of documents on Eurochem’s corporate culture, analysis of sources defining the conceptual field of the city’s brand formation.As a result, we described the possibilities of corporate culture in the formation of the brand of the territory, the inclusion of the values of corporate culture in the territorial brand and the worldview of the residents of the city.Today, corporate culture means a system of material and spiritual values, norms of behavior and interaction inherent in this organization, reflecting its individuality. But the culture of the country is also a system in which there are material and spiritual values, norms of behavior and interaction. Corporate culture, in order to contribute to the development of culture in the country, should be of value to its inhabitants, serve the purpose of human preservation and be a protective mechanism.As a result, we have recorded that recently corporate values differ from those that exist in this territory, national customs and cultural traditions are not taken into account at all by multinational companies. At the same time, an employee of the company, being a citizen of the state, is brought up in the axiological space not of the company, but of the state. The norms of the law of the national State are applicable to it. We have considered the possibility to talk about the ideology of corporate culture as a whole, as part of the culture of the state, corporate culture as one of the forms of manifestation of the culture of society.
Reduced reactivity to fear conditioning and pain tests in persons involved in violent video gaming is influenced by adverse childhood experiences
Authors: Penzkofer Maximilian , Daub Julia , Becker Susanne , Flor Herta
Published: June 2023

Videogaming, including violent video gaming, has become very common and
lockdown measures of the COVID-19 pandemic even increased the prevalence
rates. In this study we examined if violent videogaming is associated
with more adverse childhood experiences and if it impairs pain
processing and fear conditioning. We tested three groups of participants
(violent video gamers, nonviolent video gamers, and non-gamers) and
examined fear conditioning as well as pain perception during functional
magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Violent video gamers displayed
significantly higher pain thresholds as well as pain tolerance for
electric stimulation, pressure pain stimulation, and cold pressor pain
measurements compared to nonviolent video gamers and non-gamers. This
relationship was moderated by adverse childhood experiences, especially
physical neglect. Brain images acquired during the fear conditioning
fMRI task showed that violent video gamers display significantly less
differential brain activation to stimuli signaling pain versus no pain
in the anterior cingulate cortex, the juxtapositional lobule cortex, and
the paracingulate gyrus compared to non-gamers. There was also a
significant negative correlation between adverse childhood experiences
and activation in the precuneus and the intracalcarine cortex for
signals of pain versus safety. The results of this study imply that
violent video gaming is related to reduced processing of pain and
signals of pain in a fear learning task, dependent of adverse childhood
experiences. These mechanisms need to be examined in more detail and
these data could be helpful in preventing the onset and adverse
consequences of violent video gaming.
Research progress in the detection of common foodborne hazardous substances based on functional nucleic acid biosensors
Authors: Chen Zijie , Liu Zhen , Liu Jingjing , Xiao Xilin
Published: June 2023

With the further improvement of food safety requirements, the
development of fast, high sensitivity, and portability methods for the
determination of foodborne hazardous substances has become a new trend
in the food industry. In recent years, biosensors and platforms based on
functional nucleic acids and a range of signal amplification devices and
methods have been established to allow rapid and sensitive determination
of specific substances in samples by different methods, opening up a new
avenue of analysis and detection. In this paper, functional nucleic acid
types including aptamers, deoxyribozymes and G-quadruplexes which are
commonly used in the detection of food source pollutants are mainly
introduced, as well as nano signal amplification elements including
quantum dots, noble metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, DNA
walkers, DNA logic gates. signal amplification technologies including
nucleic acid isothermal amplification, HCR, CHA, biological barcode, and
microfluidic system are combined with functional nucleic acid sensors
and applied to the detection of many foodborne hazardous substances,
such as foodborne pathogens, mycotoxins, residual antibiotics, residual
pesticides, industrial pollutants, heavy metals, and allergens.Finally,
the potential opportunities and broad prospects of functional nucleic
acid biosensors in the field of food analysis are discussed.
Field and remote sensed first-order approaches towards Empirical seismic vulnerability assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings
Authors: Nqasha Thando , Akombelwa Mulemwa , Khoyratty Zeenath , Singh Mayshree , Kijko Andrzej
Published: June 2023

The 5 August 2014 Orkney earthquake in South Africa caused significant
damage to low-cost unreinforced masonry buildings. After the earthquake,
post-earthquake surveys were conducted to assess damage and deduce
intensity of these buildings. During the field surveys, only buildings
that were reported as damaged were investigated. This study aimed at
conducting an empirical seismic vulnerability assessment using data
collected from field surveys. However, for a comprehensive assessment,
the data should include all buildings in the study area, regardless of
whether they were damaged or undamaged. Hence in this study, a
first-order approach was applied to gather sufficient data to construct
fragility curves for low-cost unreinforced masonry buildings in South
Africa. The damage probability matrix technique was selected from the
available empirical seismic assessment procedures for fragility curve
construction. The fragility curves were constructed using the intensity
and damage data, statistical models, and model fitting techniques.
Damage and intensity were measured using the European macro-seismic
scale. The fragility curves obtained in this study predicted comparable
but slightly lower damage compared to other curves of unreinforced
masonry buildings of similar typology. These curves were obtained for
URM buildings that were damaged during the 2017 Iran-Iraq earthquake
that occurred along the in the Zagros fold and thrust belt; the 2009
L’Aquila earthquake; and the 1962 and 1969 Sarajevo and Banja Luka
earthquakes. The reason for predicted lower damage might be due to the
fact that majority of buildings in the study were assumed to have no
damage. Even though the method applied was able to produce comparable
fragility curves with other studies, it is recommended that during the
post-earthquake surveys, all the buildings in the study area should be
investigated including those that suffered little to no damage in order
to get a good sample of buildings vulnerability.
Interaction Rituals and National Identity in Crisis：The Cases of Covid-19 in China
Authors: ma yongchi , liu chao , zhuang yilin
Published: June 2023

National identity construction has been widely carried out. In a crisis,
constructing national identity vertically may be failed because of the
criticism of formalism. Microsocial interaction exists in society, and
the interactive ritual constructs the meaning of governance. The
individual obtains emotional energy by participating in the interactive
ritual, forms the national identity, and produces social unity. However,
there is little research on this process. This paper explores ways to
shape national identity from the bottom up. It is found that the
symbolic meaning of governance behaviour can be visualized, agreed upon
and emotional through interactive rituals, resulting in the presence of
national symbols, consensus order and emotional mobilization. Finally,
the interactive ritual realized emotional mobilization and social order
reconstruction. The conclusion of this study is of reference value for
the improvement of crisis management and national governance capacity,
enriching the interactive ritual theory.
Economic Consequence of Human - Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) Conflicts on Farming Livelihood in Rural Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Lumbonyi Celestine , Boni Patrick , Lumbonyi Ibrahim , Michael Amurtiya
Published: June 2023

Human-animal conflict is posing a severe threat to wildlife conservation as well as the long-term viability of farming communities. This study assessed the economic consequence of human-hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) conflicts on rural livelihoods in Adamawa state, Nigeria. The study had the following specific goals; describe the direct effects of Human Hippopotamus Conflict (HHC) on livelihoods in the study area, and estimate the agricultural economic losses incurred in the area as a result of HHC. A mixed research method was used to collect primary data from 371 crop farmers. The study relied on descriptive statistics in the analysis of the data collected between February to May 2019. The study found that Groundnut, Cowpea, and maize were among the most severely damaged crops at their mid-stage of development based on land size. In terms of the monetary value of the damages, sweet potato is the most affected. The study concluded that farmers should work as a team and adopt measures like fencing, scare tactics, or deterrents that will minimize significant crop losses. Also, there is the need for local awareness on the importance of Hippopotamus conservation in the area.
Characteristics and Development of Applied Behavior Analysis
Authors: Hong Joon Pyo
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to define what the applied behavior analysis (ABA) is and what its distinguishing characteristics are by considering its philosophical assumption and historical background. To begin to understand ABA as a science, we should know that its philosophical assumption is based on determinism, empiricism, parsimony, scientific manipulation, and philosophic doubt. In addition, the defining characteristics of ABA studies must be applied, behavioral, analytic, technological, conceptually systematic, and effective, and it should display some generality (Baer, Wolf, & Risley, 1968). In this study, the definition of ABA (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 1987) is introduced and its developing background is described by grouping the historical studies into two areas: the Watsonian respondent conditioning studies and the Skinnerian operant studies. Finally, the trend of recent studies on Functional analysis of behavior (FAB), the important leadership and role of the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) and the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB), and also the current status and future perspective of behavior analysis in Korea were discussed.
The Effect of Classwide Positive Behavior Support on Prosocial and Problem Behaviors of Children in the Kindergarten
Authors: Park Eun Su , Kim Eun Kyung
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of classwide positive behavior support on prosocial and problem behaviors of children in the kindergarten. The subjects was a class consisted of 20 kindergarten students. To demonstrate the effect of this study, one-group posttest-only design was conducted. The intervention strategy contains multiple elements in which in the class it is implemented selection of class promise, instruction of class promise, notification, encouragement to the expected behavior, and structuralization of environment. Results indicated that implementation of classwide positive behavior support increased prosocial behaviors of subjects and decreased problem behaviors. The results are encouraging because they suggest that positive behavior support at the classroom level of kindergarten can create meaningful classroom atmosphere and children behavior change. Implications for developing and implementing classwide positive behavior support were discussed.
Effect of Classroom-based Positive Behavior Support on both class-attending behavior and Maladjustment Behaviors of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kim Seon Hee , Lee Sung Bong
Published: June 2023

This study has the purpose to find out the effect of Classroom-based Positive Behavior Support on both class-attending behaviors and maladjustment behaviors of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in special school. The subjects of the study were six 4th graders with autism spectrum disorder. Classroom-based Positive Behavior Support was provided to the whole classroom for about 2 months with general support given to all 6 subjects, but individualized support was added to 2 subjects who needed intensive care due to severity. The results turned out to be as follows: First, it resulted that there were significant difference between pre- and post-test results in class-attending behaviors of all students in concern. Second, class-attending behaviors increased and maladjustment behaviors decreased in two students who received intensive individualized support. Based on the results of the study, it was found that Classroom-based Positive Behavior Support has effect on both class-attending behaviors and maladjustment behaviors of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in special school.
The Effect of Instructional Adaptation in Technology-household Subject on Class Participation and Academic Achievement of Student with Intellectual Disabilities in General Classrooms
Authors: Lim Hae Ju
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to introduce instructional adaptation to the ‘Technology-household subject’ and to investigate its effects on the class participating behavior and academic achievement of three students who are with mild mental retardation and the first year students of junior high school attending an inclusive class. The effects of instructional adaptation in Technology-household subject on class participation and academic achievement were measured by the multiple-baseline design across subjects. The results of analysis are as follow. First, a class participation behavior was increased in all students, and a out-of-seat behavior was decreased in all students. The application of instructional adaptation turned out to have positive impacts on increasing the class participation behavior rate and decreasing the out-of-seat behavior rate of the students with mild intellectual disabilities Second, academic achievement was increased in all students. Based on these findings, implications for the future study were discussed.
A Study of Parents’ Perceptions and Changes in Children’s Education through the Applied Behavior Analysis Training for Parents with Children with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Lee Do Yeong , Lee Sung Bong
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the changes in parents’ perception of ABA education and the changes in their education of children after conducting ABA parent education for parents of children with developmental disabilities. The study participants were six parents with children who have developmental disabilities and had received ABA theoretical education and practical training. They were given in-depth interviews on ABA parent education. The results of the research are as follows. First, the effectiveness of ABA was positively recognized, and the scope of its application was more widely recognized. They were satisfied with the education’s contents, its operation methods, and the education’s results. Second, the parent’s quality of life has improved generally. They looked objectively at the children’s problem behavior and showed positive psychological status as their family relations improved. Third, the parent ’s ability to raise children improved significantly. Parenting skills increased, parenting stress decreased and the participants recognized themselves as competent parents. Fourth, ABA principles and strategies were routinely used for children’s education. Although an average of more than one year has passed since the completion of their education, the contents of the education were well applied and maintained throughout their everyday lives. These results show that ABA training for parents with children with developmental disabilities has a positive effect on the parent’s perception and their children’s education.
The Effect of Play-based Music Activities on the Attention of a Young Child with ADHD Tendency
Authors: Choi Young Nam , Lee Byoung-In
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Play-based Music Activities on the attention of a young child with ADHD tendency. For this purpose, one young child with ADHD tendency who attended at a public kindergarten in elementary school was selected based on the Conners Teacher Rating Scale and the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire. In this study, ABAB reversal single subject design was used to test the effect of the intervention, and maintenance was conducted after one week after the intervention, and also intervention validity and social validity was measured. The results of this study were derived as follows. First, play-based music activities increased attentional behaviors and decreased distractions in young child with ADHD tendency. In addition, attentional and distractive behaviors were maintained even after the termination of play-based music activities. This study is meaningful in that it emphasizes the importance of not only the music activity itself but also the play-based activity method by using play-based music activity considering the characteristics of childhood development and interest as an intervention.
The Effects of Cooperative Advisory for Individualized Positive Behavior Support on Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Infants
Authors: Park Myong-Hwa
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide cooperative advisory for individualized positive behavior support to help teachers prevent emotional and behavioral issues and guide desirable alternative actions for infants who need individual support for emotional and behavioral problems. This study involved 48 infants and 48 teachers attending one kindergarten and 23 daycare centers in Y city. The results of the study were as follows. First, the function of the infant's emotional and behavioral problems was expressed as an out-of-the-box emotional and behavioral problem with the highest compensation variable. Second, teachers most frequently used negative response strategies for the out-of-the-box emotional and behavioral problems of infants, which changed to the most frequent use of positive response strategies after positive behavior support advice. Positive response strategies were used most frequently for internalized emotional and behavioral problems in infants, and positive prevention strategies I were changed to the most frequent use after positive behavior support advice. This study was meaningful in that it demonstrated the effectiveness of cooperative advice on positive action support at individual levels and confirmed its need to prevent and manage emotional and behavioral problems in infants.
Effect of Home-Based Positive Behavior Support on Children’s Overdependence on Smartphone:
Problem Behavior Caused by Smartphone and Self-Management Skills
Authors: Jang Su-Jin , Kim Hyun-Sook
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of home-based positive behavior support on problem behavior and self-management skills in children who rely on smartphones. The subjects of the study conducted individualized positive behavioral support for two third-grade boys and one girl using probe design across subjects. It provided positive home-based action support after establishing functional behavior assessment, background/precedence strategy, alternative behavior teaching strategy, and follow-up outcome strategy within the evening and time of families, a natural environment where smartphone overdependent behavior is frequently occurring. As a result, individualized positive behavior support at home increased self-management skills acquired during the intervention and reduced problem behavior in target children. The limitation of the study was discussed and future direction has been suggested.
전조 행동 기반 다중 스케쥴 기능적 의사소통 중재가 심각한 자해 행동에 미치는 영향: 사례 연구
Authors: Kang Soyeon , Park Ju Hee , Luu Cuong
Published: June 2023

기능 기반 중재는 문제 행동을 중재하는데 있어 효과적인 것으로 증명된 근거 기반 중재법이다. 그러나 문제 행동의 기능을 알아내는 것과 관련하여 안전 및 윤리적 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 이 연구는 이러한 문제점을 보완하기 위해 사용될 수 있는 전조행동 기반 다중 스케쥴 기능적 의사소통 훈련(FCT)의 효과를 연구하였다. 연구대상은 심각한 자해행동을 보이는 자폐 스펙트럼 장애를 가진 15세 고등학생이다. 시간 순차적 연관성을 나타내는 통계지표의 하나인 Yule’s Q를 사용하여 자해행동에 대한 전조행동을 확인한 후, 전조행동의 기능을 알아내기 위해 기능 분석(FA)을 실시하였다. FA 결과를 바탕으로 전조행동에 대해 FCT 및 강화 스케줄 약화 중재를 시행하였다. 중재 결과, 기능적 의사소통 반응이 증가함에 따라 성공적으로 전조행동의 감소와 함께 자해행동도 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 문제행동을 다루는데 있어 강조되고 있는 주 접근인 근거중심, 기능기반 중재가 안전 등의 문제를 야기할 수 있는 심각한 문제행동중재에 있어서도 가능하도록 현 현실적 대안을 제시한다.
Granuloma faciale mimicking rhinophyma: response to clofazimine
Authors: Gómez-de la Fuente E , Del Rio R , Rodriguez M , Guerra A , Rodriguez-Peralto JL , Iglesias L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract is missing
Helicobacter pylori in rosacea and chronic urticaria
Authors: Rojo-García JM , Muñoz-Pérez MA , Escudero J , Camacho F , Hergueta P , Herrerías JM.
Published: June 2023

Abstract is missing
Government Control and Supervision of Motor Vehicle Insurance Companies in Cameroon: An Appraisal of the Cima Code
Authors: Nyugha Pefela Gildas
Published: June 2023

The increasing number of victims of automobile accidents has created in every country an urgent social problem. The government’s interest is aroused here since insurance touches the economy much. That is the more reason why government regulates the activities of insurers in order to guarantee a sound economic environment and to protect the interest of policyholders. This control is exhibited by way of preventive, concurrent and final controls extended to the place of business and subsidiaries. The objective of this paper is therefore to examine the extent of government control and supervision of motor vehicle insurance company in Cameroon, its compliance with the CIMA Code and challenges faced. To achieve this objective, the paper adopts a methodology which is doctrinal consisting of primary and secondary data. The findings reveal that though measures have been put in place in compliance with the provisions of the CIMA Code to regulate the activities of motor vehicle insurance companies, the intentions of the legislator have not been reached as it is fraught with challenges. Considering that insurance contracts are contracts of adhesion par excellence, it is recommended that the government should step up measures to better protect the parties involved in the contract as well as ensure that parties perform their obligations
Ethical Ideas of the Medieval and Renaissance periods
Authors: Fayzulloeva M Sh
Published: June 2023

This article introduces philosophical and moral ideas of the Medieval and Renaissance periods, which are significant to the present day.
Complimentary Treatments for Minor GI Disorders
Authors: Mohiuddin AK
Published: June 2023

About 80% of the population worldwide use a variety of traditional medicine, including herbal medicines, for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of illnesses, and for the improvement of general well-being. Total consumer spending on herbal dietary supplements in the United States reached an estimated $8.085 billion in 2017. In addition, the 8.5% increase in total sales from 2016 is the strongest growth for these products in more than 15 years. The main reason to use herbal products in these countries is the assumption of a better tolerability compared to synthetic drugs. Whereas in developing countries herbal medicines are mostly the only available and affordable treatment option. Surveys from industrialized countries reveal as main health areas in which herbal products are used upper airway diseases including cough and common cold; other leading causes are gastrointestinal, nervous and urinary complaints up to painful conditions such as rheumatic diseases, joint pain and stiffness. Gastrointestinal disorders are the most widespread problems in health care. Many factors may upset the GI tract and its motility (or ability to keep moving), including: eating a diet low in fiber; lack of motion or sedentary lifestyle; frequent traveling or changes in daily routine; having excessive dairy products; anxiety and depression; resisting the urge to have a bowel movement habitually or due to pain of hemorrhoids; misuse of laxatives (stool softeners) that, over time, weaken the bowel muscles; calcium or aluminum antacids, antidepressants, iron pills, narcotics; pregnancy. About 30% to 40% of adults claim to have frequent indigestion, and over 50 million visits are made annually to ambulatory care facilities for symptoms related to the digestive system. Over l0 million endoscopies and surgical procedures involving the GI tract are performed each year. Community-based studies from around the world demonstrate that 10% to 46% of all children meet the criteria for RAP. Gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic or acute diarrhea, malabsorption, abdominal pain, and inflammatory bowel diseases can indicate immune deficiency, present in 5% to 50% of patients with primary immunodeficiencies. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest lymphoid organ in the body, so it is not surprising that intestinal diseases are common among immunodeficient patients. Gastroenterologists therefore must be able to diagnose and treat patients with primary immunodeficiency. Further, pathogens do influence the gut function. On the other hand, dietary habits and specific food types can play a significant role in the onset, treatment, and prevention of many GI disorders. Many of these can be prevented or minimized by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and practicing good bowel habits.
Assessment of Drug Prescriptions at the University Hospital Center, National Center of Odontostomatology (CHU-CNOS) in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Coulibaly Kho Sanou
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The prescription is an order for delivery and an act by which the practitioner draws up a list of products or hygienic-dietetic measures. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study to assess the quality of prescriptions. It took place at the University Hospital for Odontostomatology over a period of six months, during which 870 medical prescriptions were included. Result: The most important information to figured out orders such as the prescription date, the qualification of the prescriber, the signature and stamp were not mentioned, respectively, in 3; 81; 5 and 7% of cases. Almost no prescription prescribed referred to weights (99% of cases). The duration of treatment is not specified in 99% of cases. The full name of the patient and readability of orders were still noted in all cases. Discussion/Conclusion: For a prescription, certain legal references can incriminate prescribers and lead patients into therapeutic errors
Potential Implication of Treatments for Alzheimers disease: Current and Future
Authors: Sudir Purba Jan
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a long-term and progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by both structural abnormalities and inflammation in the brain. Patients suffering from AD lose autonomy in their daily normal activities that steadily worsens memory and communicating skills and often accompanied by visual disturbances, eventually leads to a disabled person of performing simple daily tasks. Pathologic characteristics of AD are β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles. Current therapies till now only target the relief of symptoms using various drugs and psychotherapy and do not cure the disease. Unfortunately, few chemical drugs designed for clinical applications have reached the expected preventive or therapeutic effect so far, and combined with their significant side-effects. Traditional Herbal Medicine has accumulated many experiences in the treatment of dementia during thousands of years and modern pharmacological studies have confirmed the therapeutic effects of many active components derived from herbal medicines. Recently, stem cell therapy holds a great promise and provides a great research opportunity and has been shown to be a potential approach to various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Here we review several stem cell transplantation studies with reference to both preclinical and clinical approaches. In this review, we focus on the need for developing herbal medicines and stem cell therapies for AD.
Patients with Chronic Constipation Experience Psychological Stress as Measured By the POMS2 Test and Salivary Stress Markers
Authors: Hu Ailing
Published: June 2023

Background: Psychological stress is known to lead to the pathogenesis and exacerbation of constipation. Therefore, it is important to understand the stress status in patients with constipation to treat constipation and prevent its exacerbation. Until now, the stress status of patients has been subjectively evaluated mainly by questionnaires, but in recent years it has become possible to objectively evaluate it by measuring stress markers in saliva. This study evaluated the stress status in patients with chronic constipation from both subjective and objective perspectives. Methods: Eighty-four adult females with chronic constipation and 20 healthy adult female volunteers as controls were enrolled in this study. All subjects were subjectively evaluated for their mood using the shortened Profile of Mood StatesSecond Edition (POMS2) and objectively evaluated by measuring salivary stress markers, such as cortisol, chromogen A, oxytocin, and secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) using Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay. Results: In the POMS2 analysis, the T-scores of negative mood subscales, such as Anger–Hostility, Confusion–Bewilderment, Depression–Dejection, Fatigue–Inertia, and Tension–Anxiety were significantly higher in the constipation group than in the control group. In contrast, positive mood subscale scores, such as Vigor–Activity and Friendliness were not significantly different between the two groups. These results significantly increased the total mood disorder score, which comprehensively reflects a negative mood in the constipation group compared to the control group. In the stress marker analyses, cortisol, chromogranin A, and s-IgA concentrations in the constipation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In contrast, the oxytocin concentration in the constipation group tended to be lower than in the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that patients with constipation have more stressful negative emotions, such as anxiety, depression, tension, and fatigue than healthy individuals. This study will be important and useful when considering the treatment, exacerbation, or prevention of constipation.
The Safety, Toleration, and Pharmacokinetics Comparison of Two Intravenous Voriconazole Formulations in Healthy Chinese Volunteers after Three Ascending Doses
Authors: Wang Jin
Published: June 2023

Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal agent with potent activity against a broad spectrum of clinically significant pathogens to treat infections and invasive aspergillosis and immunocompromised patients as prophylactic drug. The large variability of plasma exposure of voriconazole for injection is related with adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including visual impairment, rash and abnormal liver function test. Because the poorly dissolution of voriconazole in aqueous media, the toxicity of the excipient accumulation of sulfobutyl ether-beta-cyclodextrin sodium salt (SBECD) contained in the intravenous voriconazole may occur in renally impaired patients. The Betadex sulfobutyl ether sodium and SBECD as a solubilizer in the new formulation of intravenous voriconazole injection may improve the related ADRs. The present article evaluate the safety, toleration, and pharmacokinetics (PKs) comparison of two intravenous voriconazole injection formulations after three ascending dose administrations in healthy Chinese subjects by a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and positive-controlled trial.
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Urine Culture from Two Medical Laboratories in Benghazi
Authors: Elzwi Samia
Published: June 2023

Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection and is the second after respiratory tract infection in antibiotic prescription. The treatment of UTI is becoming difficult because of the increasing drug resistance against the common bacteria associated with UTI. Objective: This study aimed to determine the bacteria, and their antimicrobial drug resistance, associated with UTI in the Libyan population in the city of Benghazi. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data of urine culture (2019 -2020) taken from two Medical Laboratories in Benghazi. A total of 1031 urine samples; 318 male, 713 females were analyzed. Result: In this study, Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacterial uropathogen with (59.84%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.58%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (10%). Then, Proteus and streptococcus pneumoniae had the same prevalence value (3.86%), Enterococcusfaecalis (2.7%), and Staphylococcus aureus (2.3%). Neisseria gonorrhea had the lowest (.038). Furthermore, E coli is highly resistance to imipenem, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin, and Klebsiella pneumoniae is highly resistance to, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, pseudomonas is resistance to imipenem, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, proteus mirabilis is resistance to nitrofurantoin, Augmentin and gentamicin. Antibiotics purchasing without prescriptions remains a major problem in Libya. Based on these findings, we recommend appropriate initiatives to monitor and control the use of antibiotics.
Evaluating the Potential Statin-Drug Interactions among Older Patients with Chronic Diseases in Sana’a City, Yemen
Authors: Alyahawi Ali
Published: June 2023

Background: Individuals aged more than 55 years may be more likely to experience chronic diseases and are treated with multiple concomitant medications. This may result in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that are often not considered in clinical practice settings. Statins are effective in older patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and are prescribed on a regular basis for a long term and may undergo DDIs. The risk of DDIs varies among statins, and prevalence and severity levels of statin-drug interactions are important in older patients with chronic conditions on concomitant drugs. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of the potential statin-drug interactions among older adult patients (55 years or older) who have received statin therapy at hospital discharge for a period of 18 months from January 2021 to June 2022 in Sana’a city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital in Sana’a city from January 2021 to June 2022. Data collection was from the electronic medical records (covering demographic, clinical, and drug-therapy-related variables). The format was also filled with; BP, Sr.cr, HbA1c, HR, Total cholesterol, TG, LDL, HDL, AST, and ALT values for each patient. Drug interactions were identified using both Medscape and Lexicomp software. Results: Out of 200 patients, there were 175 (87.5%) individuals had a total of 865 clinically significant drug-drug interactions. specifically speaking, 55 (27.5%) individuals had a total of 72 clinically significant statin-drug interactions. 57 (79.1%) of which were category C, 14 (19.44%) of which were category D, and only 1 (1.39%) category X statin-drug interaction. There was also an association between advanced age, co-morbidities, and concomitant drugs with the presence of statin-drug interaction. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study, that statin medications have a significant prevalence among elderlies due to the presence of multiple co-morbidities and subsequently the concomitant use of multiple medications. It was also noticed that category C statin-drug interactions were the most common and then followed by category D statin-drug interactions.
Assessment of Quality of Life in Cancer Patients Supplemented with Ayurvedic Medicine (Body Revival): Case Reports
Authors: Kumar Sur Tapas
Published: June 2023

Background: Cancer patients experience a wide range of symptoms, which can affect their daily performance and quality of life (QoL). Objectives: The study’s goal was to evaluate the QoL of cancer patients who were taking natural polyherbal supplement (Body Revival). Methods: A small survey was conducted among 38 cancer patients, who were supplemented with Body Revival for ≥3 months. A structured and validated interview schedule was used to gather data from cancer patients. Results: Out of 38 cancer patients, 58.8% were male and 55% were in the age group of above 60, the majority with cancers in the breast (35%) and the reproductive system (male 27.8% and female 30%), and 44.4% male and 40% female had stage II disease. The QOL of the majority of patient symptoms was significantly improved (p<0.001) with Body Revival supplementation. It improved both the psychological and physical domains of day-to-day life, either by attenuating the adverse events of regular treatments for cancer or by enhancing vital energy in the body. Conclusions: Combining Body Revival supplements with routine medical care may help patients better control their negative symptoms, take initiative with their disease and treatment, and lead healthier lives. To strengthen the present findings, more research is required.
The LC-MS and GC-MS Based Isotopic Abundance Ratio Analysis of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Silver Sulfadiazine
Authors: Jana Snehasis
Published: June 2023

Silver sulfadiazine is a topical antibiotic helps to prevent and treat wound infections in patients with severe burns. This research was performed to evaluate the impact of the Trivedi Effect®- Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of silver sulfadiazine using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. The test sample silver sulfadiazine sample was divided into control and treated parts. Only the treated part of silver sulfadiazine was received the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Dahryn Trivedi. The LC-MS spectra of both the samples at retention time (Rt ) 4.1 minutes exhibited the mass of the protonated molecular ion peak at m/z 251.08 (calculated for C10H11N4 O2 S+ , 251.06) was found to be sulfadiazine. The chromatographic peak area of the treated silver sulfadiazine was significantly increased by 20.35% compared to the control sample. The result indicated that the solubility profile of the treated silver sulfadiazine must have increased significantly after the Biofield Energy Treatment compared with the control sample. The LC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM in the treated sulfadiazine was significantly increased by 31.88% compared with the control sample. Similarly, the GC-MS based isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM in the treated sulfadiazine was significantly increased by 9.74% and 15.13%, respectively compared with the control sample. Hence, 13C, 2 H, 15N, 17O, 33S, and 34S contributions from (C7 H9 N2 O2 S)+ to m/z 186 and 187 in the treated sulfadiazine were significantly increased compared to the control sample. Thus, the isotopic abundance ratios of PM+1/PM (2 H/1 H or 13C/12C or 15N/14N or 17O/16O or 33S/32S) and PM+2/PM (34S/32S) in the treated sulfadiazine were significantly increased compared to the control sample. The changes in isotopic abundance and peak area might be due to changes in nuclei possibly via the interference of neutrino particles controlled by the Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment. The increased isotopic abundance ratio of the treated silver sulfadiazine might improve the chemical bond strength, led to increase the stability in the body. This novel silver sulfadiazine would be more efficacious in pharmaceutical formulations which might offer better solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic response against bacterial infections, superficial and partial thickness burn injuries, etc.
Exploration of Matrix Metalloproteinase and its Interplay in the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Shahzad Qasim
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic syndrome with abnormality in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, and is characterized by absolute and relative deficiency of insulin secretion. DM leads to its most common and frequent complication –Diabetic kidney disease. Oxidative stress induced by decreased antioxidant defenses and /or increased free radical formation are involved in causative factor and diseases in diabetes, is an evidence based study. Materials and Methods: The studied group consisted of 50 subjects with diabetes nephropathy recruited from Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Oxidative stress biomarkers (SOD, GSH, Catalase, AOPPs, NO and MDA) were determined by using the method of spectrophotometry. Vitamins (C, E, A and D) and inflammatory markers (TNF-, and IL-6) were analyzed by using commercially available Elisa kits. Results were analyzed through T test by using SPSS version 16. Results: Hematological profile of diabetic nephropathy patients was observed. Abnormal changes were found in platelets count and lymphocytes predicting coagulation and inflammation inside body. Antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH-GPx) and vitamins (A, E, C, D) were decreased. Oxidative markers and inflammatory markers such as MDA, MPO and AOPPs were found to be increased. Conclusion: It is clear that hyperglycemia activates the various signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, which further activates signaling cascades. It causes the structural and functional alterations in kidney that enhance the complications associated with diabetic nephropathy.
Algae Therapy: Highlights on the Pharmaceutical Potentials of Algae
Authors: Elkhateeb Waill A
Published: June 2023

The markets for prescribed drugs are growing quickly worldwide. A developing share of today’s promising pharmaceutical research focuses on the manufacturing of effective bioactive compounds from algae. Pharmaceutically treasured products from algae and its industrial commercialization today are still in its infancy and can be considered as a gateway to a multibillion dollar industry. Algae represent a principal untapped useful resource of genetic potential for precious bioactive agents and high-quality biochemical. This tested capability of algae to produce these compounds places these microorganisms in the biotechnological highlight for functions and commercialization as in the pharmaceutical industry. The manufacturing of algal metabolites, which stimulate protection mechanisms in the human body, has spurred extreme find out about of the utility of algal biomass and products thereof in more than food preparations, pharmacological and clinical products. There is, therefore, a massive scope in addition learn about of the identified algal compounds and their activities in the treatment and prevention of various diseases, in addition to an ongoing search for other, as yet undetected, metabolites.
Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Selexipag in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage form by using RP-HPLC
Authors: Sai Santosh Shinde
Published: June 2023

A simple, efficient, precise, accurate & stable method has been developed and validated for determination of Selexipag in pharmaceutical tablet dosage form. An efficient high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for Selexipag. The HPLC method was developed by using Symmetry C18 column; (150×4.6×5µ) column at 281nm, flow rate of 0.6ml/min., Injection volume of 20µl, column oven temperature of 25°C using equal volume of Methanol and Water used as mobile phase (50:50v/v). The retention times were found to be 2.682mins. The % purity was found to be 99.9 w/w. The analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines (ICH, Q2 (R1)). The correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.999%, recovery was 100.0%, %RSD for precision was found to be 0.2. The HPLC method was found to be accurate, precise, economical and reproducible. The method can be suggested for routine analysis and method can be recommended for determination of substance related, relative substance of Selexipag in pharmaceutical dosage form.
Review on Novel Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: A Clinician’s Guide
Authors: R Suryawanshi Mugdha
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this review is to provide information on the mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of four novel antidepressants: pirlindole, safinamide, selegiline, and toloxatone. In spite of the initial pharmacological interest, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are used in clinics for their antidepressant effects and in the treatment of Parkinson’s syndrome due to proven neuroprotective effects. Patients with a lack of efficacy or tolerability for some monoamine oxidase inhibitors may benefit from the option of a new one monoamine oxidase inhibitors with various mechanism of actions. In the selection of newer monoamine oxidase inhibitors, these drugs may be an alternative. The simple deficiency of serotonin in the brain does not cause depression, but rather a complex interplay of different neurotransmitters, including some regions of the brain include serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine and histamine. The novel monoamine oxidase inhibitors described above exert their therapeutic advantages by acting on multiple neurotransmitters. When formulating a plan of treatment, the ambiguity of the underlying neurobiological process should be considered.
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Tramadol Hydrochloride by Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Authors: Chaudhary Meenu
Published: June 2023

Tramadol could be a painkiller just like an opioid. It acts within the central system (CNS) to alleviate pain. Tramadol is employed to treat moderate to severe pain in adults widely used for clinical purposes. During this respect, we aimed to develop an easy and economic UV spectrophotometric method for estimation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in bulk, injection, and tablet dosage form and validate as per ICH guidelines. Analytical research and development may be a process that assures quality attributes and internal control of the products. Tramadol shows the most absorbance at wavelength 270nm. Tramadol showed the linearity range 20-160µg per ml for this procedure with correlation (R2) was 0.9998. The current methods were found to be simple, linear, precise, accurate, and sensitive and may be used for routine internal control analysis for the estimation of Tramadol Hydrochloride bulk and tablet dosage form.