bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliable Quality Traceability for Tilapia Cold Chain Using Blockchain and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Feng Huanhuan , Fan Jiaxin , Ji Yuxi , Glamuzina Branko , Ma Ruiqin
Published: December 2024

Tilapia are easily prone to degradation during the cold chain process, which is an urgent need for a transparent, efficient, and trustworthy traceability system. This paper designed and implemented a tilapia‐blockchain IoT traceability system (T‐BITS) based on Hyperledger Fabric. Intelligent sensing device and smart contracts were developed for traceability modeling and consensus optimization. Furthermore, a machine‐learning approach was used to achieve quality grading evaluation for tilapia cold chain. The GWO‐LSTM‐based key parameters prediction and PSO‐SVM‐based quality grading model were established. The results show that the T‐BITS system is more effective to capture and trace the critical ambient and quality information for tilapia cold chain. PSO‐SVM model accuracy for quality coupling grading reaches 93.33%. This work can provide decision‐making reference for tilapia quality control.
Optimal Design of the Hole Shape of the Air Suction Porous Turntable and Analysis of Adsorption Characteristics of Flexible Blades
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhu Xinyu , Ye Wenhao , Li Menghao , Zhou Jianhai
Published: December 2024

To improve the adsorption effect of air suction sorting equipment, in this study, flexible blades were used as test materials, and porous turntables with circular holes (A), rectangular holes (B), and rectangular‐circular holes (C) were designed. Fluent software was used to simulate and analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of the flow field at the porous turntable, and the blade falling adsorption bench test was built. Under the same test conditions, the adsorption blades of the porous turntable were photographed by a high‐speed camera. Based on the C‐hole turntable and the tuyere air pressure of 380 Pa, it is verified by a single‐factor test that the blade falling in the distance of the porous turntable, the rotating speed of the turntable, and the number of blades extending perpendicular to the direction of movement have a direct effect on the blade adsorption of the porous turntable. To obtain the optimum adsorption conditions for the bench test, an orthogonal test was used, and a certain number of leaves were used for the test while the adsorption efficiency was considered; it is found that when the distance from the porous turntable is 40 mm, the rotation speed of the turntable is 60 r/min and the number of transverse blades of the conveyor belt is 4, and 100% adsorption can be achieved. In summary, the research results and methods of this experiment can provide reference and guidance for the research group to carry out the follow‐up research and development of multi‐stage air suction sorting equipment.
Natural History and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Autoimmune Liver Diseases: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Jayabalan Dujinthan , Huang Yi , Calzadilla‐Bertot Luis , Adams Leon A. , Cheng Wendy , Hazeldine Simon , Smith Briohny W. , MacQuillan Gerry C. , Wallace Michael C. , Garas George , Jeffrey Gary P.
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim

Prognosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has historically been poor. This multicenter retrospective cohort study investigated the natural history and assessed the predictors of outcomes in patients with AIH, PBC, and PSC.

Methods

AIH, PBC, and PSC patients were identified from the state‐wide Hepascore and Clinical Outcome cohort. Overall death or transplant, liver‐related mortality (liver‐related death or transplant), and liver‐related decompensation were determined using a population‐based data linkage system. Baseline Liver Outcome Score (LOS), Hepascore, and MELD were examined for predicting outcomes.

Results

Two‐hundred thirty‐seven AIH patients (24% male, median age 56.6 years [range, 14.3–94.0]), 157 PBC patients (8.3% male, median age 60.5 years [range, 25.6–87.1]), and 167 PSC patients (52.7% male, median age 55.6 years [range, 18.4–88.6]) were enrolled. Five‐year transplant‐free survival was 88% (95%CI: 81–92%) in AIH, 92% (95%CI: 85–96%) in PBC, and 61% (95%CI: 51–69%) in PSC. PSC had a significantly worse overall death or transplant, liver‐related mortality, and liver‐related decompensation when compared to AIH and PBC (p < 0.0001). LOS was a significant independent predictor of overall death or transplant, liver‐related mortality, and liver‐related decompensation among patients with AIH and PBC. LOS was a significant independent predictor of overall death or transplant in patients with PSC, and Hepascore was a significant independent predictor of liver‐related mortality and liver‐related decompensation.

Conclusions

Outcomes for AIH and PBC are excellent but remain poor in PSC. LOS is a predictor of outcomes in autoimmune liver disease.
Analysis of Crisis Effects via Maximum Entropy Adjustment
Authors: McElroy Tucker
Published: December 2024

Crises, such as the Covid‐19 epidemic, can affect economic time series by distorting historical trends and seasonal patterns with extreme values. The identification and adjustment of such extremes is important for the production of seasonally adjusted data; an ongoing challenge is the identification of a crisis' end, where the time series returns to more typical pre‐crisis dynamics. A secondary challenge is to model and analyze time series data with both missing values and extremes. This paper extends the maximum entropy framework to a generalized class of extreme values, including level shifts, temporary changes, and seasonal outliers. These outliers are described as a particular type of stochastic process that is latent, or unobserved, such that its removal increases the time series entropy. The proposed methods allow one to model and fit time series data using conventional tools in the presence of specified streams of extreme values, as well as missing values. Extreme value adjustment, with quantification of mean squared error, can then be obtained along with the seasonal adjustment; there is also a test statistic to directly compare two specifications of extremes. The techniques are illustrated in weekly employment data.
Abstract and Acoustic Targets in Phonetic Imitation
Authors: Hauser Ivy
Published: December 2024

Phonetic imitation (also called convergence or accommodation) occurs when talkers alter their pronunciation towards speech they hear. This can happen spontaneously with only a few minutes of exposure in a laboratory experiment even without instruction to imitate. While there is considerable evidence for spontaneous imitation, in many cases it is not clear exactly which aspects of the model talker are being imitated. It is possible to imitate the raw acoustics of the model's voice or more abstract targets like normalised acoustics of the model's voice, phonological patterns the model exhibits, or speech style. Although there is substantial literature demonstrating convergent speech behaviour, existing work typically does not distinguish between these different types of targets. This has theoretical implications for accounts of imitation and normalisation, methodological significance for analysis of imitation studies, and potential applied significance for how imitation is used in language teaching and clinical speech therapy. This paper will review these issues, discuss the statistical challenges associated with measuring convergence to competing targets, and make methodological recommendations for future studies.
What Can Genome Sequence Data Reveal About Population Viability?
Authors: Kardos Marty , Keller Lukas F. , Funk W. Chris
Published: December 2024

Biologists have long sought to understand the impacts of deleterious genetic variation on fitness and population viability. However, our understanding of these effects in the wild is incomplete, in part due to the rarity of sufficient genetic and demographic data needed to measure their impact. The genomics revolution is promising a potential solution by predicting the effects of deleterious genetic variants (genetic load) bioinformatically from genome sequences alone bypassing the need for costly demographic data. After a historical perspective on the theoretical and empirical basis of our understanding of the dynamics and fitness effects of deleterious genetic variation, we evaluate the potential for these new genomic measures of genetic load to predict population viability. We argue that current genomic analyses alone cannot reliably predict the effects of deleterious genetic variation on population growth, because these depend on demographic, ecological and genetic parameters that need more than just genome sequence data to be measured. Thus, while purely genomic analyses of genetic load promise to improve our understanding of the composition of the genetic load, they are currently of little use for evaluating population viability. Demographic data and ecological context remain crucial to our understanding of the consequences of deleterious genetic variation for population fitness. However, when combined with such demographic and ecological data, genomic information can offer important insights into genetic variation and inbreeding that are crucial for conservation decision making.
A rare case of dedifferentiated intracranial solitary fibrous tumor with chondrosarcomatous differentiation
Authors: Chohan Shikhar , Ahuja Sana , Zaheer Sufian
Published: December 2024

This report details a rare case of a 30‐year‐old female presenting with neurological symptoms, including headaches, seizures, and left‐sided weakness. Imaging revealed a mass in the right parafalcine region of her brain. Surgical resection identified a tumor with two distinct components. The first component exhibited characteristics of a classic solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) with typical fibroblastic cells and branching blood vessels. The second component showed high‐grade sarcoma with chondrosarcomatous differentiation, a rare feature in SFT. Immunohistochemistry confirmed dedifferentiation with decreased STAT6 expression in the sarcomatous areas compared to the conventional SFT. This case highlights the challenges of managing dedifferentiated SFTs, especially in the brain, where surgical limitations increase risks. Despite the rarity of this presentation, it emphasizes the importance of recognizing this variant for appropriate diagnosis and management.
Different Effects of Fixed Appliances and Clear Aligners on the Microbiome and Metabolome of Dental Plaque
Authors: Gong Wuyi , Zhou Kaiyong , Li Sijin , Yue Zhihang , Zhang Qiongyu , Li Yongming , Mi Xiaohui
Published: December 2024

Objective

This study aimed to uncover the microbial and metabolic changes in dental plaque during orthodontic treatments with fixed appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs).

Materials and Methods

Twenty participants were grouped by the treatment modality they received, with 10 participants each in the FA and CA groups. Supragingival plaques were collected before orthodontic treatment (T0), after 1–3 months (T1) and more than 6 months (T2) of orthodontic treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the plaque samples.

Results

No significant change was observed in the alpha and beta diversity at different time points and between the two treatment modalities. The relative abundance of genera Veillonella, Mogibacterium and unclassified_c__Actinobacteria, and species Actinomyces massiliensis, Prevotella pallens and Prevotella jejuni experienced the most significant changes. The most differential metabolites were amino acids, nucleosides and organoheterocyclic compounds. Compared to T0, downregulation of nucleotide metabolism at T1 and upregulation of amino acid metabolism at T2 were found in the FA group. Compared with the FA group, the CA group experienced metabolite enrichment in several immune pathways at T1, while linoleic acid metabolism, riboflavin metabolism and nucleotide metabolism were downregulated at T2 in the CA group. Significant correlations were identified between most differential plaque microorganisms and metabolites.

Conclusion

This study implied that exposure to FAs for more than 6 months resulted in the accumulation of oral disease‐related bacteria in dental plaque and a metabolic shift towards a cariogenic state, whereas CAs could lead to a transient proinflammatory state.
The master relation for polynomiality and equivalences of integrable systems
Authors: Blot Xavier , Sauvaget Adrien , Shadrin Sergey
Published: December 2024

We prove the so‐called master relation in the tautological ring of the moduli space of curves that implies polynomial properties of the Dubrovin–Zhang hierarchies associated to different versions of cohomological field theories as well as their equivalences to the corresponding double ramification hierarchies.
MSEval: A Dataset for Material Selection in Conceptual Design to Evaluate Algorithmic Models
Authors: Patawari Jain Yash , Grandi Daniele , Groom Allin , Cramer Brandon , McComb Christopher
Published: December 2024

Material selection plays a pivotal role in many industries, from manufacturing to construction. Material selection is usually carried out after several cycles of conceptual design, during which designers iteratively refine the design solution and the intended manufacturing approach. In design research, material selection is frequently modeled as a structured decision-making process, where optimization techniques, whether single-objective or multiobjective, are employed to identify solutions that best meet the design requirements. However, traditional approaches can be limited by their reliance on existing knowledge and data, which may not adequately capture the full range of considerations involved in material selection. In this article, we introduce MSEval, a novel dataset comprised expert material evaluations across a variety of design briefs and criteria. This dataset is designed to serve as a benchmark to facilitate the evaluation and modification of machine learning models in the context of material selection for conceptual design. By focusing on a diverse set of design tasks and criteria, MSEval enables a more nuanced understanding of the material selection and the thought process, providing valuable insights for both human designers and AI systems.
Nonlinear Pressure Evolution in Wellbore During the Tubing Conveyed Perforation Process
Authors: Ding Liangliang , Wang Kejie , Zhang Lin , Lei Qisong , Peng Geng , Wang Min , Chen Wenkang
Published: December 2024

With increasing wellbore depth, the environmental conditions become progressively more severe, characterized by elevated temperatures and pressures. Consequently, the pressure variations within the well induced by Tubing Conveyed Perforation (TCP) operations exhibit a more pronounced intensity. These nonlinear pressure fluctuations generate significant impact loads at the bottom of the perforating gun, which can cause failure of the perforating tubing. A transient nonlinear pressure field model of perforation explosion was established based on hydraulic-mechanical coupling to effectively control the risk of accidents. The model considers the effects of several hundred perforation charges and their precise placement in relation to blind holes, thus taking into account the impact of shot density. As a result, the model more accurately reflects actual field conditions. The study investigated the evolution of nonlinear pressure fields at different positions of the entire tubing under perforation explosion and analyzed the influence of different factors on nonlinear pressure fluctuations at the bottom of the perforating gun. The results showed that the peak pressure of the perforation section was much higher than that of the tubing section and the rathole section, maintaining at approximately 200 MPa. The pressure wave attenuated to the initial wellbore pressure of about 80 MPa only seven meters away from the perforation section center. The peak pressure at the bottom of the perforating gun was positively correlated with the initial wellbore pressure, perforating fluid density, shot density, and quantity of explosive. When the explosive mass was the same, RDX explosive in RDX, HMX, HNS, and TNT caused the largest peak pressure at the bottom of the perforating gun, with TNT causing the smallest. These results provided guidance for the prediction of TCP wellbore nonlinear pressure fluctuation.
Biot Number Error in Low-Temperature Inconel Overall Effectiveness Experiments
Authors: Hopkins Bailey W. , Hughes Jacob A. , Bryant Carol E. , Rutledge James L.
Published: December 2024

To predict the performance of turbine materials at engine conditions, experiments are often performed at low-temperature laboratory conditions. In order to ensure the low-temperature, laboratory results accurately predict the nondimensionalized surface temperature at engine conditions, several nondimensional parameters must be matched in the experiment, including the Biot number. Matching the Biot number requires that the ratio of the thermal conductivity of the material to the thermal conductivity of the air must be matched between laboratory experiments and engine conditions. With traditional nickel alloys such as Inconel, it is sometimes assumed that the Biot number is matched since Inconel's thermal conductivity variation with temperature scales relatively closely with that of air. However, the thermal conductivity ratio does not scale perfectly and therefore some Biot number error does indeed exist, with the problem exacerbated at lower testing temperatures. To date, there has been no experimentally verified quantification of the error in the overall effectiveness, ϕ, that might be caused by this Biot number error. Ti-6Al-4V is predicted to allow for a better Biot number match, thereby better simulating Inconel at engine conditions in typical low-temperature experiments. In this research, we utilized geometrically identical models constructed of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 to evaluate the error in overall effectiveness that might occur through simply using an actual engine nickel alloy part at experimental conditions. While the Ti-6Al-4V model has a nearly perfectly matched Biot number, the Inconel model's Biot number was 73% higher than appropriate. The results demonstrate that ϕ measured in low-temperature tests performed on an Inconel turbine component do not suffer markedly from Biot number error. The theoretically more Biot number appropriate Ti-6Al-4V model produced area-averaged overall effectiveness values that differed by only 0.01 from its Inconel counterpart. These results suggest that typical nickel superalloys used in turbine components may be tested at low temperature without the use of a surrogate material to better match Biot number.
AXL-TBK1 driven AKT3 activation promotes metastasis
Authors: Arner Emily N. , Alzhanova Dina , Westcott Jill M. , Hinz Stefan , Tiron Crina Elena , Blø Magnus , Mai Anja , Virtakoivu Reetta , Phinney Natalie , Nord Silje , Aguilera Kristina Y. , Rizvi Ali , Toombs Jason E. , Reese Tanner C. , Fey Vidal , Micklem David , Gausdal Gro , Ivaska Johanna , Lorens James B. , Brekken Rolf A.
Published: December 2024

The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL promotes tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance through the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we found that activation of AXL resulted in the phosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and the downstream activation of AKT3 and Snail, a transcription factor critical for EMT. Mechanistically, we showed that TBK1 directly bound to and phosphorylated AKT3 in a manner dependent on the multiprotein complex mTORC1. Upon activation, AKT3 interacted with and promoted the nuclear accumulation of Snail, which led to increased EMT as assessed by marker abundance. In human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue, nuclear AKT3 colocalized with Snail and correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Primary mouse pancreatic cancer cells deficient in AKT3 showed reduced metastatic spread in vivo, suggesting selective AKT3 inhibition as a potential therapeutic avenue for targeting EMT in aggressive cancers.
Genome sequences of bacteriophages that infect
Salmonella
Typhi from Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Shuborno , Kabiraj Rathindranath , Sarkar Himadree , Dev Preonath Chondrow , Tanni Afroza Akter , Keya Deb Purna , Malakar Apurba Rajib , Tanmoy Arif Mohammad , Saha Samir K. , Hooda Yogesh , Saha Senjuti
Published: December 2024

This report presents near-complete genome sequences of 14 bacteriophages that infect
Salmonella
Typhi, identified through environmental surveillance in Bangladesh between August 2021 and June 2022. The bacteriophages, belonging to the genera
Kayfunavirus
,
Macdonaldcampvirus
, and
Teseptimavirus
, exhibit high degrees of sequence similarity and conserved genetic features with previously reported Typhi bacteriophages.
Whole-genome sequence of non-rhizobial strain
Tardiphaga
sp. 709 isolated from the root nodule of
Astragalus inopinatus
Borris., growing on the Kamchatka Peninsula
Authors: Guro Polina , Kuznetsova Irina , Sazanova Anna , Belimov Andrey , Safronova Vera
Published: December 2024

We report the whole-genome sequence of the non-rhizobial endosymbiotic bacteria
Tardiphaga
sp. strain 709, which was isolated from the root nodule of
Astragalus inopinatus
Borris. on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. The genome consists of one chromosome and one plasmid with a total length of 6,359,564 bp and 61.5% of GC content.
Multimedia: multimodal mediation analysis of microbiome data
Authors: Jiang Hanying , Miao Xinran , Thairu Margaret W. , Beebe Mara , Grupe Dan W. , Davidson Richard J. , Handelsman Jo , Sankaran Kris
Published: December 2024

Mediation analysis has emerged as a versatile tool for answering mechanistic questions in microbiome research because it provides a statistical framework for attributing treatment effects to alternative causal pathways. Using a series of linked regressions, this analysis quantifies how complementary data relate to one another and respond to treatments. Despite these advances, existing software’s rigid assumptions often result in users viewing mediation analysis as a black box. We designed the multimedia R package to make advanced mediation analysis techniques accessible, ensuring that statistical components are interpretable and adaptable. The package provides a uniform interface to direct and indirect effect estimation, synthetic null hypothesis testing, bootstrap confidence interval construction, and sensitivity analysis, enabling experimentation with various mediator and outcome models while maintaining a simple overall workflow. The software includes modules for regularized linear, compositional, random forest, hierarchical, and hurdle modeling, making it well-suited to microbiome data. We illustrate the package through two case studies. The first re-analyzes a study of the microbiome and metabolome of Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients, uncovering potential mechanistic interactions between the microbiome and disease-associated metabolites, not found in the original study. The second analyzes new data about the influence of mindfulness practice on the microbiome. The mediation analysis highlights shifts in taxa previously associated with depression that cannot be explained indirectly by diet or sleep behaviors alone. A gallery of examples and further documentation can be found at
https://go.wisc.edu/830110
.

IMPORTANCE

Microbiome studies routinely gather complementary data to capture different aspects of a microbiome’s response to a change, such as the introduction of a therapeutic. Mediation analysis clarifies the extent to which responses occur sequentially via mediators, thereby supporting causal, rather than purely descriptive, interpretation. Multimedia is a modular R package with close ties to the wider microbiome software ecosystem that makes statistically rigorous, flexible mediation analysis easily accessible, setting the stage for precise and causally informed microbiome engineering.
Luteolin: A Comprehensive and Visualized Analysis of Research Hotspots and Its Antitumor Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Jiaxuan , Li Hao , Wang Zhenru , Ruan Shanming
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze the research hotspots and mechanisms of luteolin in tumor-related fields using bibliometric and bioinformatic approaches to guide future research. We conducted a comprehensive screening of all articles on luteolin and tumors in Web of Science from 2008 to 2023. The extracted words from these publications were visualized using VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and CiteSpace. Public databases were used to collect luteolin and tumor-related targets. GO and KEGG analyses of luteolin antitumor-related genes were performed using Metascape. Protein interaction networks were built with Cytoscape and STRING, identifying hub targets of luteolin in antitumor activity. Subsequently, the binding capacity of luteolin to these hub targets was assessed using molecular docking technology. We found that China dominated this field, the Egyptian Knowledge Bank published the most articles, and Molecules had the highest number of related publications. Recently, network pharmacology, target, traditional Chinese medicine, and nanoparticles have become research hotspots in luteolin’s antitumor research. A total of 483 overlapping genes between luteolin and tumors were identified, and they were closely associated with the cancer-associated pathways, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. Luteolin forms a complex network of antitumor-related genes, with TP53, TNF, STAT3, AKT1, JUN, IL6, and SRC playing key roles and showing strong binding affinity to luteolin. Computer technology is becoming increasingly integral to the discipline, and future research will focus on more precise antitumor mechanisms and effective clinical applications.
Therapeutic Targets and Natural Product Screening for Cognitive Impairments Associated with Ferroptosis in Wilson’s Disease
Authors: Wang Xie , Chen Hong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Shao Nan , Chang Ze , Xie Daojun , Zhang Juan
Published: December 2024

Wilson’s disease (WD) is a hereditary condition marked by abnormalities in copper metabolism, which precipitate a spectrum of neurological symptoms and cognitive impairments. Emerging research has highlighted ferroptosis (FPT) as a distinct type of programmed cell death, potentially linked to various cognitive dysfunctions. Nevertheless, the connection between FPT and cognitive impairment in Wilson’s disease (WDCI) remains largely enigmatic. In our study, we utilized a multifaceted approach, combining reverse network pharmacology, data mining, and molecular docking techniques to explore the potential for treating WDCI via FPT-related pathways. This thorough analysis revealed a series of proteins, including P38[Formula: see text], GSK3[Formula: see text], P53, GPX4, and PTGS2, as pivotal targets for WDCI treatment. Notably, Diosgenin (DG) has been identified as a prospective core component in this therapeutic framework. In the WD copper-loaded rat model, evaluations using the Morris water maze (MWM), Y maze, hematoxylin and eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence (IF) detection showed that DG significantly enhanced cognitive function recovery, reduced structural damage to hippocampal neurons, and protected mitochondrial integrity. In addition, Western blot (WB) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that DG significantly upregulated the expression levels of proteins and mRNA such as P38[Formula: see text], GSK3[Formula: see text], P53, GPX4, and PTGS2 in animal and cell models. Furthermore, DG effectively reversed the dysregulated expression of oxidative stress markers, including [Formula: see text], malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study elucidates the neuroprotective effect of DG on hippocampal neurons by activating the P38[Formula: see text]-mediated FPT pathway, highlighting its efficacy as a potent monomer in traditional Chinese medicine and illuminating its potential role in the clinical treatment of WDCI.
An Intelligent Approach of Underwater Image Co-Enhancement Using Correlation Feature Matching with Enhanced Meta-Heuristic Optimization-Aided Transformer UNet
Authors: Ajanya P. , Meera S.
Published: December 2024

In marine ecosystems, the geological formation, and aquatic life are analyzed by underwater imaging. The visibility of the aquatic environment is enhanced by the underwater image improvement approaches. Because of the dispersal of the particles, attenuation of light, and distortion of color, the capturing of marine images is a challenging task. The enhanced images with the absence of water turbidity and light attenuation provide an excellent view of the underwater sceneries. The dispersion and incorporation of light underwater cause color distortion effects. Without disturbing the accuracy of the underwater image, the process of obtaining an accurate color representation becomes a complicated task. Overall excellence of the enhanced images may affected by the noise or the artifacts by traditional approaches which tends to affect the image quality. Also, the preservation of important details in the image is a rigorous task while removing the distortion. To combat such issues, an adaptive deep learning-based underwater image co-enhancement is suggested. In the first phase, the images are gathered from the standard dataset. Further, the image is fed into the correlation feature matching module. Here, the feature matching is executed via the Adaptive Trans-Unet (ATUNet), and the correlation feature matching performance of the ATUNet is strengthened by tuning the parameter using the Updated Random Parameter-based Red Kite Optimization Algorithm (URP-RKOA). The usefulness of the developed model is defined using the experimental study. Throughout the analysis, the numerical findings of the developed model attain the values of 155.01, 26.2, and 0.78 in terms of MSE, PSNR, and SSIM. The underwater image co-enhancement achieved better performance rather than existing approaches.
LOCATIONAL AND ORIENTATION VARIATION IN VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF A CORTICAL BONE UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING
Authors: KALSI SACHIN , SINGH JAGJIT , SHARMA N. K.
Published: December 2024

Bone behaves as a complex composite material, and is highly heterogenous and anisotropic in nature due to its hierarchical structure. The effect of the location and orientation of bone specimens on the viscoelastic properties of bovine femoral cortical bone was examined in this study. The bone samples were extracted from different locations i.e., proximal, central and distal along the direction of longitudinal and transverse and underwent sinusoidal loading. The longitudinal orientation shows more values of loss tangent and loss modulus in comparison to transverse orientation bone samples. Across locations reveal no significant difference in the storage modulus, loss tangent, loss modulus and complex modulus. The trends in the complex and storage moduli remain consistent within both types of orientations. Significant differences were observed across the locations for both storage and recovered energy, with no variance in the hysteresis loss. The findings from the study shall help in a deep understanding of the bone biomechanics, offering insights for material design and orthopedic interventions in biomechanical engineering.
Computational Study of Structural and Optoelectronic Properties of Ternary Alkaline Earth Metal (Ba)-Based Silicon and Carbon Oxide Perovskites
Authors: Khattak Shaukat Ali , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad , Farah Mohammad Abul , Khan Gulzar , Khan Tahirzeb , Ullah Irfan , Zulfiqar Syed , Rooh Gul
Published: December 2024

We carry out a computational investigation of the alkaline-earth (Ba)-based silicon and carbon oxide perovskites (BaSiO3 and [Formula: see text] with the aim of their potential in wide-ranged applications. Exploiting the density functional theory (DFT) coded within Wien2K, we study the structural, electronic, and optical properties of these compounds. Modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ) potential, the established approach for obtaining accurate results, is employed to carry out the electronic investigation. With a simple cubic structure, we find that these materials exhibit metallic properties, as revealed by their mutually consistent band structure profiles and density of states. The valence band minima and conduction band maxima overlap at the [Formula: see text] point in the band structure. We analyze the total and partial density of states to determine the proportional contributions of each atom, both in total and within individual subshells, such as the [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-subshells in the case of the partial density of states. In our investigation of the optical properties of these materials over the energy range of 0–14[Formula: see text]eV, we find that they effectively absorb ultraviolet and visible (UV–Vis) light. This shows that the studied compounds have potential applications in luminescence and devices requiring absorption in the UV range. BaCO3 demonstrates more absorption spectra than the BaSiO3 versus photon energy ranging from 1.7 to 3.1[Formula: see text]eV (visible range), suggesting that the BaCO3 is more suitable than BaSiO3 for applications that require UV absorption such as sunscreen, UV-blocking films, photodetectors and UV sensors and medical applications. We also find that BaCO3 with a higher refractive index (11) compared to BaSiO3 (4.2), is denser than BaSiO3, resulting in a lower speed of light within the material. This suggests that BaCO3 is more promising than BaSiO3 for applications in eyewear. We infer that this study will guide and stimulate experimental investigations into these materials, given their potential for various applications.
Orthogonal splitting in degenerate higher-order scalar–tensor theories
Authors: Yousaf Z. , Bhatti M. Z. , Asad H. , Hashimoto Yuki , Bamba Kazuharu
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we explore a comprehensive analysis of the formalism governing the gravitational field equations in degenerate higher-order scalar–tensor theories. The propagation of these theories in the vacuum has a maximum of three degrees of freedom and is at most quadratic in the second derivative of the scalar field. We investigate the gravitational field equation for spherically symmetric anisotropic matter content along with its non-conserved equations. Our analysis focuses on the evaluation of structure scalars to assess their behavior under Einstein’s modification. We present a realistic mass contribution that sheds light on both geometric mass and total energy budget evaluations for celestial objects. Ultimately, we discuss two viable models restricted as minimal complexity and conformal flatness to enhance the scientific contribution of this paper.
Isotropization of transit symmetric teleparallel gravity with observational constraints
Authors: Shekh S. H. , Pradhan Anirudh , Krishnannair S.
Published: December 2024

Using the FLRW cosmological model, this paper explores the dynamics of perfect fluid as a source in the context of modified gravity, where the non-metricity [Formula: see text], which causes the gravitational interaction, is represented by the arbitrary function Lagrangian as the trace of the non-metricity tensor [Formula: see text], say [Formula: see text] gravity. We govern the features of the derived cosmological model in view of the parameterization of Hubble’s parameter of the form, [Formula: see text]. We have spoken about how the energy density, pressure, equation of state parameter, and skewness parameter in our model represent the physical behavior of the cosmos. In addition, we have looked at the kinematic parameters in our model that describe the cosmos, including the jerk, deceleration, and Hubble parameters. The universe’s phase transition from deceleration to acceleration is indicated by our model’s deceleration parameter, [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, the deceleration parameter’s present value, [Formula: see text] clearly aligns with the essential [Formula: see text]CDM model. In order to determine the nature of the dark energy model, we also examined geometrical diagnostics such as the Statefinder pairs and [Formula: see text] diagnostic. Additionally, we used the squared speed of sound test to examine the stability of the cosmos in our model. In the end, at present, the universe in our model is expanding, accelerating, and behaving in a manner consistent with a quintessential dark energy concept while at late the cosmos is dominated by [Formula: see text]CDM.
Exploring phase space trajectories in ΛCDM cosmology with f(G) gravity modifications
Authors: Myrzakulov N. , Pradhan Anirudh , Dixit Archana , Shekh S. H.
Published: December 2024

In this work, the cosmic solutions, particularly the well-known [Formula: see text]CDM model, are investigated in the framework of the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) gravity, where the gravitational action incorporates the GB invariant function. We utilize a specialized formulation of the deceleration parameter in terms of the Hubble parameter [Formula: see text], given by [Formula: see text], to solve the field equations. To identify the appropriate model parameters, we align them to the most recent observational datasets, which include 31 data points from the Cosmic Chronometers, Pantheon+, and BAO datasets. The physical characteristics of the cosmographic parameters, such as pressure and energy density, that correlate to the limited values of the model parameters, are examined. The evolution of the deceleration parameter suggests a transition from a decelerated to an accelerated phase of the universe. Additionally, we examine the stability of the assumed model and provide an explanation for late-time acceleration using the energy conditions. The behavior of the equation of state parameter has been analyzed through dynamical variables by constraining various parameters in light of the recent observational data. This study has resulted in a quintessence-like evolution.
Application of double domination integrity in PMU placement problem
Authors: Christin Sherly J. , Uma Samundesvari K.
Published: December 2024

In many fields, including science, technology, engineering, and communication networks, the idea of domination is used. Double domination is a widely recognized idea of domination concept in graph theory. A prominent crucial factor in network architecture is integrity. A subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is called a double dominating set of [Formula: see text] if each vertex of [Formula: see text] is dominated at least twice by [Formula: see text]. In this paper, an algorithm to compute the double domination integrity of graphs is given. Also, an application of double domination integrity in the optimal phasor measurement unit placement problem in a power system is given.
COVER: Alleviating Crash-Consistency Error Amplification in Secure Persistent Memory Systems
Authors: Wei Xueliang , Feng Dan , Tong Wei , Wu Bing , Jiang Xu
Published: December 2024

Data security (including confidentiality, integrity, and availability) and crash consistency guarantees are essential for building trusted persistent memory (PM) systems. Security and consistency metadata are added to enable the guarantees. Recent studies show that errors in security metadata have the amplified effect, which significantly affects data availability. However, the impact of consistency metadata errors on data availability has rarely been discussed. We identify the crash-consistency error amplification (CCEA) problem, several errors in consistency metadata can make a large portion of data in PM possibly inconsistent. The error sensitivity of consistency metadata is higher than data and security metadata, thus requiring special attention. It is inefficient to address this problem by using the methods that are proposed to alleviate the amplified effect of security metadata errors, because security metadata are generally designed for a single purpose (e.g., integrity verification), while consistency metadata are designed for multiple purposes, including inconsistency locating and recovery. To effectively and efficiently alleviate the CCEA problem, we propose a
c
rash c
o
nsistency
ver
ification approach (COVER) that decouples inconsistency locating and recovery. COVER provides three design options that support different tradeoffs between effectiveness and efficiency. Experimental results show that COVER effectively alleviates the problem with only about 1.0% performance degradation on average compared with the state-of-the-art secure PM design.
Steered Bubble: An Interposer-based Deadlock Recovery Algorithm for Multi-chiplet Systems
Authors: Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Yongwen , Zhou Hongwei , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2024

Dividing a single System-on-Chip (SoC) into multiple chiplets and integrating them via an interposer can achieve an optimal balance between continuous transistor integration and monetary cost. However, potential deadlock may arise between the chiplets and the interposer. This deadlock can be avoided by applying turn restriction or injection control on the boundary routers, at the cost of additional latency and sub-optimal performance. Compared to deadlock avoidance, deadlock recovery exerts less impact on network performance. Nevertheless, accurate and timely deadlock detection, along with efficient deadlock recovery, continues to pose significant challenges. Additionally, modularity is a specific concern, which involves integrating chiplets of various functions, sizes, manufacturing processes, and so on. Minimizing the negative impact of deadlock resolution while maximizing modularity is crucial for achieving the benefit of chiplets.

This paper proposes a modular deadlock detection strategy, Up-Down, which monitors both the upward and downward directions of vertical channels, facilitating information exchange through the congestion-sense network. When a pair of blocked upward and downward vertical channels is detected simultaneously, it is considered that an inter-chiplet deadlock has occurred. This significantly enhances the accuracy of deadlock detection by two orders of magnitude compared to time-out deadlock detection. Furthermore, this paper introduces Steered Bubble, a low-cost deadlock recovery algorithm. It does so by injecting bubbles into potential deadlock cycles identified by Up-Down. These bubbles follow preset paths, ensuring efficient deadlock recovery. Experimental results indicate that the Steered Bubble results in an average performance enhancement of

\(1\% \sim 10\% \)

during full-system simulations, with an area overhead of less than 2%.
Endoscopic Approaches for Managing Small Intestinal Disease
Authors: Youssef Fady F. , Branch Laurel L. , Kowalczyk Mark , Savides Thomas J.
Published: December 2024

The endoscopic evaluation and management of small intestinal diseases continue to evolve and expand. The advent of small bowel wireless capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy with either a double- or single-balloon enteroscope now allows complete endoscopic visualization of the entire small intestine and enables access for endoscopic interventions such as biopsies or hemostasis for most of the small bowel. New endoscopic techniques are available to treat proximal malignant small bowel obstruction, including intraluminal stents and endoscopic gastrojejunal stents. Emerging technologies also aim to improve weight loss and diabetes management via small bowel endoscopic interventions.
CT-guided Left Stellate Ganglion Cryoneurolysis for Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Li Ningcheng , Kim Junman , Patel Anshul M. , Markham David W. , Tompkins Christine M. , Rahban Youssef , Stokken Glenn , Gottbrecht Matthew , Prologo Frank J. , Resnick Neil J.
Published: December 2024

CT-guided left stellate ganglion cryoneurolysis demonstrated promising effectiveness and safety in treating refractory ventricular arrhythmias in a retrospective study of 17 patients.
Phosphoproteomic response to epidermal growth factor in native rat inner medullary collecting duct
Authors: Chou Chung-Lin , Jayatissa Nipun U. , Kichula Elena T. , Ou Shuo-Ming , Limbutara Kavee , Knepper Mark A.
Published: December 2024

EGF negatively regulates transepithelial water and salt transport across the kidney collecting duct. This study identified phosphoproteins affected by EGF stimulation in normal rat collecting ducts, providing insights into global cell signaling mechanisms. Bioinformatic analyses highlighted enhanced canonical ERK signaling alongside a diminished activity in the PI3K-Akt pathway, which is crucial for cell proliferation and survival. This EGF response differs somewhat from prior studies where both pathways were prominently activated.
Trichobezoar, a Cause of Nonspecific Acute Abdominal Pain: Four Case Reports and Bibliographic Review
Authors: Perez Lopez Ruben Daniel , Carbajal Cabrera Pabel Ruben , Sempere Alvarado Laura Gabriela , Narváez González Hugo Fernando , Avila Rosales Angel , Velázquez Jaimes Ashley Zulema , Figueroa Morales Daniela , Flores de la Canal Cintia , Embriz Sánchez Alejandro Juan , Reyna Marzano Julio Federico
Published: December 2024

Background: A bezoar is defined as a foreign body resulting from the accumulation of ingested material or food in the stomach. However, they can also be found in the duodenum and other segments of the intestine. The average age of occurrence is 11 years, predominantly affecting females. Among its complications, gastric outlet obstruction is the most frequent, though secondary gastric perforation is extremely rare.

Material and Methods: Four clinical cases are presented from a third‐level care facility in Mexico City over the period 2022–2024, all resolved surgically.

Results: Four clinical cases involved females aged between 11 and 14 years. All cases presented with generalized abdominal pain, an epigastric mass, nausea, and vomiting. In one case, a gastric perforation occurred. Postsurgical complications included superficial surgical site infections in two cases, an average of 5 days of nil per oral (NPO), and an average hospital stay of 9.2 days. All patients were referred to the pediatric psychiatry service for follow‐up after discharge.

Conclusion: Trichobezoar is a rare pathology with a marked incidence in our population, having multiple cases within such a short period. This situation provides a new path to establish an epidemiological basis in our Mexican population and to explore the link between these clinical cases, offering insights into their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.