bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psyche and the Body: Political Persecution and Gender Violence against Women in the Greek Civil War
Authors: Stefatos Katherine
Published: February 2012

Within the context of the Greek Civil War and the years immediately following the civil strife, the political persecution and harassment of women was distinct, as were the gendered characteristics of their repression. Because the gendered dynamics of the victimization of the female dissidents were both a form of political control as well as a source of nationalist ideology, the political exclusion and coercion of women was not merely aimed at suppressing the Left, but was also a vital part of a wider state-operated and nationalist project of appropriated "Greekness." Moreover, the repression of women partisans and activists, as imposed by the state and articulated by the national rhetoric, was acting in interdependence with a highly patriarchal order. Through the designated gender roles and the derogated status of partisans and activists as the immoral enemy, women were transformed into the ethnic and political "other" within the imagined Greek Nation.
Representing Greekness: French and Greek Lithographs from the Greek War of Independence (1821-1827) and the Greek-Italian War (1940-1941)
Authors: Efstathiadou Anna
Published: February 2012

Popular lithographs produced by French and Greek artists during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1827) and the Greek-Italian War (1940-1941) quite often overstated elements of Greek national identity with a focus on classical antiquity and Byzantine Orthodoxy. This is a comparative study of how Greeks and Greece have been represented through the following two collections of the National Historical Museum in Athens: popular lithographs produced, printed, and distributed by French artists in France at the peak of the Philhellenic movement; and those produced by Greek artists in Greece during the Second World War (1940-1941). Although produced more than one hundred years apart and under very different circumstances, popular imagery created by Philhellenes in France during the 1820s and Greek artists under the Metaxas regime in 1940-1941 remains a valuable historical record that helps us explore how popular representations of Greek national identity and the notion of Greece can be adopted and appropriated in a variety of ways based on who is using them and for what purpose.
Confronting "Imperialism" and "Loneliness": Sexual and Gender Relations Among Young Communists in Greece, 1974-1981
Authors: Papadogiannis Nikolaos
Published: February 2012

The increasing influence of Communist youth organizations on youth sexuality and its gender dimensions in the first post-dictatorship years in Greece (1974-1981) politicized sexuality and gender within a broader context. What was contested between Communist and anti-Communist forces from the 1940s onwards became the partial relaxation of parental control over the sexual life of their children in Greece from the 1960s onwards. This continuity questions the argument that the 1960s and the 1970s were marked by a "sexual revolution" in Europe and the "West" in general. It demonstrates that the strengthening of Communist and Socialist youth organizations produced mixed results with regard to the sexual patterns of their members. Some of these groups, especially the pro-Soviet Communist youth organization, adopted rigid guidelines, demanding that their members develop stable heterosexual relationships, leading to marriage. In contrast to what was prescribed in the official language of these organizations, many of their members engaged in loose, premarital relations, without being punished by their group. The challenge posed to Communist youth groups by Second-wave feminism in Greece in the mid-to-late 1970s helps us understand this interaction not only from a women's history perspective but also from that of gender history, illustrating the impact of Second-wave feminism on the making of both femininities and masculinities within Communist youth groups.
Talking Trees
Authors: Zamir Tzachi
Published: February 2012

"Moral embodiment" is a construction proposed by this essay to capture ways in which morally significant states may be experienced as modifications of one's relationship with one's body. Literary episodes in which humans are metamorphosed into trees exemplify such changes in relation to states such as guilt, sexual experience, and grief. I relate the analysis to moral approaches that underscore acknowledgment. It will be suggested that such approaches need to be supplemented by the recognition that acknowledging another sometimes requires noting patterns of embodiment. I also formulate some historical implications of this analysis in relation to the paradigm of the body-as-machine. Renaissance literary imagery (virtually all examples I discuss are from Renaissance texts) appears to assume a much more involved understanding of the body's participation with moral experience than the mechanistic one that came to supersede it as part of modernity. Contemporary re-thinking of embodiment within Anglo-American philosophy suggests that some aspects of this past understanding of embodiment may now be fruitfully reclaimed.
Metaphorical Euphemisms of relationship and death in Kavalan, Paiwan, and Seediq
Authors: Lee Amy Pei-jung
Published: February 2012

This paper investigates metaphorical euphemisms underlying the categories of relationship and death in three Formosan languages: Kavalan, Paiwan, and Seediq, within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson’s Cognitive Metaphor Theory. The term “metaphorical euphemism” is proposed to represent both linguistic and cognitive relations of euphemism and metaphor. A metaphorical euphemism refers to a euphemism that adopts metaphorical mapping of both source and target domains to express the notion of a forbidden domain as a result of conscious choices from pragmatic competence. Given the domains of relationship and death being interconnected socially and culturally, near-universal and specific metaphorical euphemisms of the two domains in the three languages are analyzed from the approach of descriptive sociolinguistics. A cross-linguistic comparison of the three Formosan languages with English and Mandarin Chinese is provided and discussed from the perspectives of cognition and culture.
Pronominal Number in Mongondow-Gorontalo
Authors: Lobel Jason William
Published: February 2012

This squib presents a short description of the pronominal systems of Mongondow-Gorontalo languages, several of which include count forms that do not seem to be limited in terms of numerical value. Two of these languages have also replaced the historical plural pronouns with forms explicitly marked as trials. Such systems have not been found in any other Philippine or Philippine-type language, and are only otherwise known to exist in some of the languages of western and central Borneo and in some Oceanic languages.
Na Passive and na - Associative in Abma: Shared Properties; Shared Origin?
Authors: Schneider Cynthia
Published: February 2012

The passive is not widely attested in Melanesian languages, but Abma, an Oceanic language of Pentecost Island, Vanuatu, does have an impersonal passive that is flagged by deleting the subject NP, suffixing the verb with - an ‘passive’, and encoding definiteness ( na ) on the object NP. Na ‘definite’ is probably related to Proto-Oceanic *a/*na, an article that likely marked the common nonhuman NP as definite. Of course, nonhuman NPs tend to be semantic patients. Abma also has an “associative” construction that codes a special kind of nominal relationship—syntactically and semantically distinct from indirect possession—where the “possessor” NP has little or no control over the “possessed” NP. The “possessor” NP follows an associative marker (of the form na -), and shares semantic and referential properties with passive NPs. This paper examines the present-day instantiation of na as a marker on passive NPs and na - on noncontrolling associative “possessors.” It argues that the two forms have similar functionality, and considers a possible shared origin for the two morphemes.
Pessoa's Heteronymy between Linguistics and Poetics
Authors: Aslanov Cyril
Published: February 2012

This paper deals with three kinds of poetical nihilism the annihilation of the poetic subject in Fernando Pessoa’s heteronymic writing; the apophatic definition of the divine demiurge and its repercussion on the poet considered as a substitute of the demiurge in Paul Celan’s poetry; and the gradual disappearance of the poetical word in Edmond Jabès cycle “The Book of Questions.” It is an attempt to connect this three-fold process of annihilation with cultural-contextual (mostly linguistic) factors in the case of Pessoa; with philosophical-pragmatical principles in Paul Celan’s work, and with the poetics of the blank and silence in the case of Edmond Jabès. In spite of this compartamentalization, some overlapping between the nihilist paradigms may occur: Jabès occasionally indulges in a kind of parodic heteronymy, whereas Pessoa’s subjective nihilism reaches an objective dimension through a metaphoric equation between the void of the poetical Self and the non-existence of the Book.
Towards a Hermeneutics of Ambiguity: The Book of Esther and the Silence of Signs
Authors: Rojtman Betty
Published: February 2012

The “accidental” does not seem to have any place in modern literary theory. In narrative, everything is meant to have a function and therefore signify. Indeed, contingency, fortuitous coincidences, belongs rather to the domain of hermeneutics and interpretive projections.

The Book of Esther confronts us with such a kind of “causality” which is both plausible and “unexpected.” It tells the story of an extermination plot in Ahasuerus’ court, which is finally undone via an “astonishingly” favorable series of circumstances.

Still, the text remains silent about the presumed logic of these coincidences. It simply points out a concomitancy of events, without indicating any superior intelligibility. More generally speaking, both Midrash and Talmud insist on these textual “signs” being opaque and deceiving — as if the rabbis wished to raise the (literary) devices of ambiguity to an ontological level, and open with the Book of Esther an enigmatic, essentially ambivalent, hermeneutics of destiny.
Brain Intersections of Aesthetics and Morals: Perspectives from Biology, Neuroscience, and Evolution
Authors: Zaidel D. W. , Nadal M.
Published: February 2012

For centuries, only philosophers debated the relationship between aesthetics and morality. Recently, with advances in neuroscience, the debate has moved to include the brain and an evolved neural underpinning linking aesthetic reactions and moral judgment. Biological survival emphasizes mate selection strategies, and the ritual displays have been linked to human aesthetics in the arts, in faces, and in various daily decision making. In parallel, cultural human practices have evolved to emphasize altruism and morality. This article explores the biological background and discusses the neuroscientific evidence for shared brain pathways for aesthetics and morals.
Fatal Choices and Flawed Decisions at the End of Life: Lessons from Israel
Authors: Cohen-Almagor Raphael
Published: February 2012

This article presents a recent disconcerting event that took place at a rehabilitative nursing home in Tel Aviv in light of Israel's Dying Patient Law, which came into effect in 2005. It probes the double effect doctrine as it is relevant to the case at hand and the role of the medical profession and of the family in making decisions at the end of life, and it argues that patients who express a wish to die should receive a comprehensive care assessment that addresses their physical and mental condition before rushing to provide lethal medication. The article concludes by offering some guidelines to help practitioners address the intricate questions they face when patients ask to die.
The Geography of Shadows: Souls and Cities in P. Pullman's His Dark Materials
Authors: Vassilopoulou Panayiota , Ganeri Jonardon
Published: February 2012

The soul is an elusive thing, and anyone who wants to describe it must do so with metaphors, painting it in a picture of words. A geography of inside and outside, of walls and boundaries, is the expression in metaphor of a conception of human beings as creatures whose essence is the capacity for deceit and self-deception. Can we tear down the walls of this defamatory self-conception, this portrayal of the natural condition of persons as being one of hiding? With its rich fictional menagerie of angels and ghosts, daemons, witches, and specters, talking bears and impersonal but sentient matter, Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials invites us to do just that.
The Clinical Nature of Personality Disorders: Answering the Neo-Szaszian Critique
Authors: Zachar Peter
Published: February 2012

Abstract:
This article describes five models that could be used to demonstrate that personality disorders are valid clinical kinds: the vulnerability model, the pathoplasticity model, the spectrum model, the decline in functioning model, and the defect model (of which there are three versions). It is argued that the empirically based vulnerability and pathoplasticity models make the best case, given the current evidence, for the clinical relevance of personality disorders. It remains a possibility that a version of the defect model may in due course be developed that provides an acceptable theory of the pathological processes underlying personality disorders and thus more directly validate their clinical status.
Theoretical Foundations and a Research Agenda to Validate Measures of Intercultural Effort
Authors: Dowd Alicia C. , Sawatzky Misty , Korn Randi
Published: February 2012

The concept of "student effort" is foundational to such commonly used assessments of institutional effectiveness as the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and the Community College Survey of Student Engagement (CCSSE). However, the current measure of student effort omits intercultural effort, which is particularly salient to the academic success of students from underrepresented racial-ethnic groups. The engagement construct thus suffers from construct underrepresentation, and the validity of interpretations based on data from surveys of student engagement is questionable. We illustrate potential starting points for developing student effort measures that include intercultural effort as well as institutional efforts to reduce racial bias.
Will These Trees Ever Bear Fruit?: A Response to the Special Issue on Student Engagement
Authors: McCormick Alexander C. , McClenney Kay
Published: February 2012

The authors articulate objections to the organization of the recent special issue on student engagement and respond in detail to three criticisms leveled in that issue. Situating their response relative to longstanding calls to make research more relevant to practice, they argue that the validity critique inappropriately focuses on criterion validity and rests on unwarranted generalizations and conjecture. The critique regarding the omission of intercultural effort rests upon misapprehensions of both the concept of student engagement and the actual content of the targeted surveys. And single-institution tests of benchmarks of effective educational practice improperly assume that the benchmarks represent latent constructs.
GIS Educational Opportunities at Historically Black Colleges and Universities in the United States
Authors: Malhotra Rakesh , Vlahovic Gordana
Published: February 2012

Este estudio examina el papel que las Universidades Históricamente Negras (HBCU) juegan en el panorama educativo de los SIG en los Estados Unidos. Una investigación de las páginas web institucionales de las HBCU se utilizó para desarrollar una base de datos de SIG y cursos geoespaciales relacionados, concentraciones, grados, y departamentos ofreciendo estos cursos. La revisión de esta información indica fuertes diferencias en el acceso a la educación en SIG para estudiantes entre el medio rural y urbano, community colleges y universidades, y las HBCU tanto públicas como privadas. La disponibilidad de la tecnología SIG en las HBCU y en otras instituciones de educación superior se contrastó también al examinar la existencia de una brecha tecnológica y los datos muestran que las HBCU se han mantenido a la par con otras instituciones en introducir los SIG en su currículo. Información de un estudio similar realizado hace casi una década (Padgett y Crayton 2001) fue utilizada para determinar los avances en las ofertas educativas de SIG en las HBCU en el pasado reciente. A la vez que las tendencias de adquirir un empleo para los graduados de geografía muestran un creciente énfasis en conocimientos técnicos transferibles-como los SIG, la disponibilidad de cursos geoespaciales, programas y certificados en las HBCU son fundamentales para aumentar la diversidad en la geografía como profesión y, a largo plazo, la vitalidad de la geografía como disciplina. Por desgracia, la llegada de los SIG no ha tenido ningún impacto material sobre el establecimiento de programas de geografía en las HBCU.
Refraining Songs: The Dynamics of Form in Sidney's Astrophil and Stella
Authors: Simon Margaret
Published: February 2012

"Refraining Songs" reappraises the role of the songs in Sidney's Astrophil and Stella as they reveal Sidney's own theoretical views on narrative in lyric and strengthen the case for the 1598 ordering of the poems. These formally diverse lyrics interspersed among the sonnets both narrate the more important events of Astrophil and Stella's affair while also acting as interruptions or extended articulations of Astrophil's overburdened emotional state. This essay reconciles these divergent capacities of the songs, arguing that Sidney uses the songs to create an opposition between narrative and lyric in order to explore narrative's effects upon poetic sequence. Complicated by shifts within and juxtapositions of poetic form in the sequence, narrative itself becomes a lyric refrain as events are written and rewritten, creating a recursive narrativity that Sidney exploits for innovative possibilities of genre.
The Sword Hrunting in Beowulf : Unlocking the Word hord
Authors: Hall J. R.
Published: February 2012

The Beowulf -poet depicts Beowulf as striking Grendel's dam with a sword. At line 1520b the manuscript reads, "hord swenge ne ofteah." The only editor to interpret the half-line as it stands is the first editor, Grímur Jónsson Thorkelin (1815), who, however, misconstrues the sense and syntax. So in one way or another do all later editors. The standard treatment of the crux for the last century entails both emending two of the four words in the half-line and abandoning one of the poet's favorite syntactic patterns. But there is no need to rewrite the half-line according to modern specifications. The Beowulf -poet is poetic. Overall, he employs seventeen different terms found nowhere else in Old English poetry in reference to swords: hord at line 1520b—perhaps the most daring of them all—need not mean a collection of valuables but can mean a single thing singularly valuable. The word befits Hrunting, the most famous sword in the heroic world of Beowulf . The fact that the weapon fails is but one strand in the web of irony that the poet weaves in the episode.
(Mis)representing Justice on the Early Modern Stage
Authors: Syme Holger Schott
Published: February 2012

Early modern notions of justice tended to be strongly linked to procedural ideals, casting the state rather than the individual as the guarantor of just order, even if specific officials and systems could be identified as falling short of those ideals. In this essay, I trace some early modern perceptions of the proper means of attaining justice and then explore how those means are represented in the period's drama. As I show, although Renaissance literature's supposedly "intima[te] . . . engagement with the law" has become a critical staple, there is a striking mismatch between the ways justice was done in early modern England and the judicial processes depicted on stage. I offer a number of explanations for why an accurate portrayal of English judicial procedure may have eluded Shakespeare and his contemporaries and delineate the (not necessarily detrimental) consequences of this misalignment for the dramatic representation of justice.
Intersections: Technology, Mobility, and Geography
Authors: Soppelsa Peter
Published: February 2012

The essay introduces this issue of Technology and Culture, which highlights the intersections of technology, mobility, and geography. While recent scholarship on mobilities foregrounds mobile objects, people, and ideas, this issue’s articles link mobility to geography, illustrating the spaces that shape or are created by changing sociotechnical practices of movement. Here, the where of technology’s social construction matters as much as its who. The articles approach geography on different scales—from national territory to urban, suburban, and rural spaces. Geoff Zylstra, Greet De Block, Els De Vos, and Hilde Heynen show how streetcars, railways, and automobiles influenced the social production of space, while Tiina MŠnnistš-Funk shows how geography shaped the production of bicycles. Connecting technologically enhanced mobility with modernity, race, gender, and national and regional identity, these articles show how the coproduction of technology and geography affects power and inequality, helping produce peripheral, segregated, and otherwise unequal spaces.
Reformulating racialised citizenship(s) for South Africa's interregnum
Authors: Erasmus Zimitri
Published: February 2012

Situated at the interface of a sociology of race and a jurisprudence of transformative social justice, I explore the implications of South Africa's legacy of racialised citizenship for constructing substantive citizenship in post-1994 South African everyday life. To this end, I focus on Justice Sachs' dissenting judgment handed down by the Constitutional Court in The City Council of Pretoria v Walker 1998(3) SA 363(CC). I argue that Justice Sachs' reasoning illustrates first, the continued yet changing intersection of race, civic marginalisation and civic obligation in a process of constructing substantive citizenship for both black and white citizens; and second, that historically situated differential treatment can build full citizenship for all. Furthermore, I argue that his judgment is framed by a critical-race-standpoint: a politics and praxis that draw on critical race theory. This standpoint renders fragile the coherence that ideas of race continue to offer popular, scholarly and judicial interpretations of South African everyday life. It distinguishes Sachs' conception of differential treatment from two dominant conceptions of this idea in South Africa: difference-blindness and race-attachment. Sachs' conception revitalises non-racialism. His reasoning illustrates that citizenship is a dynamic construct. I conclude that this reasoning is exemplary of jurisprudence that facilitates a formation of citizenship that contests social inequality rather than one which simply regulates social difference. Such jurisprudence helps create a political universe in which racialised citizenship(s) can be reformulated for South Africa's transition. A critical-race-standpoint offers a frame for such reformulation.
Reward Action in the Initiation of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements
Authors: Joshua Mati , Lisberger Stephen G.
Published: February 2012

Reward has a powerful influence on motor behavior. To probe how and where reward systems alter motor behavior, we studied smooth pursuit eye movements in monkeys trained to associate the color of a visual cue with the size of the reward to be issued at the end of the target motion. When the tracking task presented two different colored targets that moved orthogonally, monkeys biased the initiation of pursuit toward the direction of motion of the target that led to larger reward. The bias was larger than expected given the modest effects of reward size on tracking of single targets. Experiments with three different reward sizes suggested that the bias afforded a given target depends mainly on the size of the larger reward. To analyze the effect of reward on directional learning in pursuit, monkeys tracked a single moving target that changed direction 250 ms after the onset of motion. Expectation of a larger reward led to a larger learned eye movement during the acquisition of the learned response and during subsequent probes of what had been learned, implying that reward influenced the expression rather than the acquisition of learning. The specific effects of reward size on learning and two-target stimuli imply that the site of reward modulation is at a level where multiple target motions compete for control of eye movement, downstream from sensory processing and learning and upstream from final motor processing.
Functional Nanostructured Porous Si/Hydrogel Hybrids: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
Authors: Segal Ester , Massad-Ivanir Naama , Shtenberg Giorgi , Krepker Maksym
Published: February 2012

Porous Si/hydrogel thin films combine a porous Si optical nanostructure and a functional hydrogel. These hybrids show great promise as versatile platforms for the fabrication of miniaturized sensors with various transduction mechanisms, cell culture supports, autonomous drug delivery systems, and many other functional systems. The basic considerations in designing functional PSi/hydrogel hybrids, synthesis routes, and novel characterization methods are discussed. New exciting applications of these nanomaterials as label-free optical biosensing platforms for bacteria and organophosphates detection are described.
Reflections on the 14th World Conference on Lung Cancer: A European Perspective
Authors: Senan Suresh , Postmus Pieter E.
Published: February 2012

Observations from the 14th World Conference on Lung Cancer, held in Amsterdam July 3–7, 2011, are presented.
A New Approach to Project Measurement
Authors: Dallimer David S.
Published: February 2012

Project Management throughout the Petrochemical and Offshore industries have been striving to introduce more stringent control over their projects in recent years. Conceptually their objective is very simple. To set a realistic project plan to execute the project in the shortest possible time at the optimum cost, producing a resultant facility high integrity.

All too often Project measurement systems are biased toward justification of past project performance. The need for good measurement systems during Project execution arises from the fact that in order to control the outstanding work it is essential to define completed work accurately.

This paper sets out to discuss our approach to project measurement. The main advantages of accurate progress measurement lie in helping the Project Manager to manage, by defined exception.

Having identified work outstanding the Project Manager is able to set clear objectives for the completion of his project.
Simultaneous Comparison of Many Triphasic Defibrillation Waveforms
Authors: Davis Ron , Malkin Robert
Published: February 2012

Biphasic defibrillation waveforms are now accepted as being more effective at terminating ventricular fibrillation (VF) than monophasic waveforms. If two phases are better than one, this naturally leads to the hypothesis that additional phases improve efficacy. This study tests the hypothesis by adding one additional phase. We examined the efficacy of 18 different triphasic waveforms simultaneously.

We tested the rate of recovery, i.e., successful defibrillation, of 21 guinea pigs (820-1,050 g) using triphasic, monophasic and biphasic defibrillation waveforms. The biphasic and monophasic were control waveforms. VF was electrically induced twenty times per animal and a single defibrillation attempt was made using a test waveform VF episode. Every waveform was adjusted to the energy required to defibrillate that animal 50% of the time, using a biphasic waveform as a control. The success rate of each triphasic waveform was pair-wise compared to the biphasic and monophasic control using the adjusted McNemar statistical test.

Of the 18 triphasic waveforms tested, two were significantly poorer than the monophasic control (p<0.05). One was superior to the biphasic waveform (p<0.1), but not statistically so. We concluded that, while adding a phase to a monophasic waveform does improve efficacy, adding an additional phase to a biphasic waveform does not necessarily improve efficacy.
The Case of the Missing Lower Trapezius Muscle
Authors: Bergin Michael , Elliott James , Jull Gwendolen
Published: February 2012

The patient was a 22-year-old male physical therapy student whose tutor suspected the absence of the lower portion of the left trapezius muscle. During left lower trapezius manual muscle testing, it was noted that he was unable to achieve satisfactory control of the left scapula and the left lower trapezius was visibly and palpably absent compared to the right side. Because absence of the lower trapezius muscle was suspected, magnetic resonance imaging was completed to confirm its absence.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(8):614. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.0416
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Authors: Sum Jonathan C. , Hatch George F.
Published: February 2012

The patient was a 21-year-old man who sustained a noncontact twisting injury of his left knee while playing basketball. He was evaluated by a physical therapist 2 hours after the injury. Based on the patient's history and physical examination findings, a meniscal injury was suspected. Therefore, the patient was referred to an orthopaedic surgeon for immediate evaluation and diagnostic imaging. Knee radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an appearance consistent with the sequela of osteochondritis dissecans.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(10):796. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.0421
The Pearls and Pitfalls of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Lower Extremity
Authors: Tall Michael A. , Thompson Adrianne K. , Greer Barry , Campbell Scot
Published: February 2012

Synopsis

This article is intended for the clinician charged with either diagnosing or treating patients with lower extremity symptoms thought to be of musculoskeletal etiology. It gives a brief overview of the imaging techniques that can be utilized, common pathology, and certain pearls and pitfalls that may be encountered in both ordering and interpreting lower extremity magnetic resonance imaging. While we cannot present a comprehensive discussion of all of the known disorders in the lower extremity, we will choose common disorders to illustrate the diagnostic benefits and limitations of magnetic resonance imaging and provide reasons for choosing certain magnetic resonance imaging techniques. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011;41(11):873–886. doi:10.2519/jospt.2011.3713
Unicameral Bone Cyst of the Calcaneus
Authors: O'Laughlin Shaun J.
Published: February 2012

The patient was a 21-year-old man, currently serving in the military, who was referred to a physical therapist for a chief complaint of left lateral ankle pain of 2 months in duration, after an inversion ankle injury sustained while hiking. At the time of the initial evaluation, the physical therapist reviewed computed tomography images and the radiologist#x0027;s report, which noted a cystic lesion in the anterior calcaneus, with a small area of communication with the subtalar joint, which was concerning for a pathologic fracture. The patient was diagnosed with a unicameral bone cyst of the calcaneus and subsequently underwent curettage and packing with a multipotential cellular bone matrix containing adult stem cells.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(1):43. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0401
Validity and Reliability of Hallux Valgus Angle Measured on Digital Photographs
Authors: Nix Sheree , Russell Trevor , Vicenzino Bill , Smith Michelle
Published: February 2012

Study Design

Controlled laboratory study.

Objectives

To investigate the reliability and concurrent validity of photographic measurements of hallux valgus angle compared to radiographs as the criterion standard.

Background

Clinical assessment of hallux valgus involves measuring alignment between the first toe and metatarsal on weight-bearing radiographs or visually grading the severity of deformity with categorical scales. Digital photographs offer a noninvasive method of measuring deformity on an exact scale; however, the validity of this technique has not previously been established.

Methods

Thirty-eight subjects (30 female, 8 male) were examined (76 feet, 54 with hallux valgus). Computer software was used to measure hallux valgus angle from digital records of bilateral weight-bearing dorsoplantar foot radiographs and photographs. One examiner measured 76 feet on 2 occasions 2 weeks apart, and a second examiner measured 40 feet on a single occasion. Reliability was investigated by intraclass correlation coefficients and validity by 95% limits of agreement. The Pearson correlation coefficient was also calculated.

Results

Intrarater and interrater reliability were very high (intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.96) and 95% limits of agreement between photographic and radiographic measurements were acceptable. Measurements from photographs and radiographs were also highly correlated (Pearson r = 0.96).

Conclusion

Digital photographic measurements of hallux valgus angle are reliable and have acceptable validity compared to weight-bearing radiographs. This method provides a convenient and precise tool in assessment of hallux valgus, while avoiding the cost and radiation exposure associated with radiographs. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(7):642–648, Epub 25 January 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3841
Experimental Simulation of the Exploitation of Natural Gas Hydrate
Authors: Liu Bei , Yuan Qing , Su Ke-Hua , Yang Xin , Wu Ben-Cheng , Sun Chang-Yu , Chen Guang-Jin
Published: February 2012

Natural gas hydrates are cage-like crystalline compounds in which a large amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming solids at low temperature and high pressure. Natural gas hydrates are widely distributed in permafrost regions and offshore. It is estimated that the worldwide amounts of methane bound in gas hydrates are total twice the amount of carbon to be found in all known fossil fuels on earth. A proper understanding of the relevant exploitation technologies is then important for natural gas production applications. In this paper, the recent advances on the experimental simulation of natural gas hydrate exploitation using the major hydrate production technologies are summarized. In addition, the current situation of the industrial exploitation of natural gas hydrate is introduced, which are expected to be useful for establishing more safe and efficient gas production technologies.
La « collection Lesobre » de Vendeuil-Caply (Oise)
Authors: Ben Redjeb Tahar , Petit Emmanuel
Published: February 2012

Die « Collection Lesobre » vereint Fundmaterial (Silexartef akte, Metallfunde und Munzen), das hauptsächlich von Paul Lesobre in Vendeuil-Caply gesammelt wurde. Nach dessen Tod haben seine Söhne Jacques und Jean-Paul Lesobre das Centre Interdisciplinaire de recherches Archéologiques des Départements Somme und den Service régional de l'archéologie der Region Picardie kontaktiert, um dieses Fundmaterial vor der Übergabe an ein örtliches Museum inventarisieren zu lassen. Die Publikation der Metallfunde dieser Sammlung wird die Kenntnisse dieser bedeutenden antiken Siedlung ergänzen
A NOVEL SIMPLE-BASED PRESSURE-ENTHALPY COUPLING SCHEME FOR ENGINE FLOW PROBLEMS
Authors: Emans Maximilian , Žunič Zoran , Basara Branislav , Frolov Sergey
Published: February 2012

A novel method in CFD derived from the SIMPLE algorithm is presented. Instead of solving the linear equations for each variable and the pressurecorrection equation separately in a so-called segregated manner, it relies on the solution of a linear system that comprises the discretisation of enthalpy and pressurecorrection equation which are linked through physical coupling terms. These coupling terms reflect a more accurate approximation of the density update with respect to thermodynamics (compared to standard SIMPLE method). We show that the novel method is a reasonable extension of existing CFD techniques for variable density flows based on SIMPLE. The novel method leads to a reduction of the number of iterations of SIMPLE which translates in many – but not in all – cases to a reduction in computing time. We will therefore demonstrate practical advantages and restrictions in terms of computational efficiency for industrial CFD applications in the field of piston engine simulations.
Start-up of a Simulation Center in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Quaas Beth , Bjorklund Pamela
Published: February 2012

High-fidelity simulation facilitates the professional development and interprofessional collaboration of health care providers across multiple disciplines and specialties, thus reducing medical errors, improving patient safety, and changing the way that health care professionals feel about and manage the low-occurrence, high-risk scenarios that inevitably occur in the clinical setting. Less complex forms of simulation have long been used to teach clinical competencies and critical thinking, standardize care, and improve interdisciplinary communication. Because high-fidelity simulation can provide an edge in continuing health care education, innovative organizations increasingly use high-fidelity simulation. Often, simulation centers are built from the ground up by health care personnel who have minimal experience with high-fidelity simulation or other forms of advanced technology. This article describes the start-up of a simulation center for interprofessional continuing education in the acute care setting.
Navigating the Waters of Interprofessional Collaborative Education
Authors: Neill Denise , Hammer Jere , Linnstaedter Mims Jane K.
Published: February 2012

The increasing emphasis on interprofessional practice to improve the quality and safety of health care delivery led the nursing faculty of a small liberal arts university to explore a unique collaborative educational initiative with School of Business Administration faculty. As the School of Nursing was developing a master’s of science in nursing administration option, the School of Business Administration was creating an undergraduate health care administration concentration. Both disciplines were examined for common competencies, courses that could be shared were identified, and the initiative was launched. The response from students has been overwhelmingly positive. The ability to examine health care issues from both business and clinical perspectives has enriched the learning environment and broadened the views of students in both majors. Challenges faced and lessons learned are discussed. Recommendations for evaluating and strengthening the partnership are identified. Advice and encouragement are offered to others considering similar nonclinical collaborative opportunities.
SD-OCT Imaging of Idiopathic Macular Holes With Spontaneous Closure
Authors: Scupola Andrea , Tiberti Alessandra C. , Sasso Paola , Mastrocola Alessandra , Berarducci Antonio , Pantaleoni Francesco Bozzoni , Dalt Stefano Da , Balestrazzi Emilio
Published: February 2012

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography serial changes in three cases of spontaneous closure of idiopathic macular hole at stages II, III, and IV are described. Initial and serial spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images document the progressive closure. Macular holes apparently resolved spontaneously through two different mechanisms: posterior hyaloid detachment in case 1 and a contraction of epiretinal macular membrane in cases 2 and 3. The spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes may occur in any stage of idiopathic macular hole; the small size of the hole is a common feature in all cases of spontaneous closure reported.
Grappling with Change
Authors: Butler Janice W.
Published: February 2012

Technology is not a panacea for educational reform, but the use of technology in the classroom can enable teachers to engage today’s students in learning content. While some believed that new, young teachers would bring technology to the PK-12 classroom, this clearly has not happened. Since teacher educators generally do not model technology integration and instead use primarily teacher-centered instruction, many new teachers do not know how to integrate technology, particularly Web 2.0 technologies, into instruction. To encourage teacher educators to learn about these easy-to-use technologies, this chapter examines wikis as a low-threshold Web 2.0 tool. This chapter will discuss the power of using these technology tools.
Multiliteracies
Authors: Taylor D. Bruce
Published: February 2012

In this chapter, the author explains how a theory of Multiliteracies helped to shape the development of a graduate course which, in turn, initiated changes in an undergraduate content-area literacy course in a teacher education program. Both courses are described, and ways in which digital technologies changed the way the instructor and students collaborated, worked and learned are discussed. Service learning aspects of these courses are explored with examples of how pre- and inservice teachers engaged with K-12 students and teachers in the community. Implications for teacher education faculty and students are presented as well as the need to implement Multiliterate pedagogies across the K-12 spectrum.
Ways to Mentor Methods’ Faculty Integration of Technologies in their Courses
Authors: Jackson Thomas
Published: February 2012

This chapter reveals the significant and authentic challenges that methods faculty face as they step into a zone of uncertainty when integrating computer technology into lessons, classroom teaching, and student learning. While faculty may perceive that current instructional strategies are successful as measured by classroom scores, a look into the student perceptions of classroom practices, students’ preferences for learning efficiently using technology demonstrates how they are undernourished and dissatisfied with current instructional strategies. The lack of modeling of technology use in higher education is a problem as new teachers leave the academic venue and venture into the classrooms of today. Energetic K-12 students prefer to use familiar technology tools to probe for dynamic knowledge and stimulate personal learning. Pedagogy, at all levels, must “open-up” and encourage students to seek enriched information and answers to questions for which “clarification and improvement” is the best answer. In this chapter, several themes are explored including challenges faced by faculty, significance of non-integrated technology, pathways to implementation, overcoming wait-long-enough attitudes, effective mentoring-coaching models for success, and conditions to begin a successful technology integration process.
A Digital (R)evolution to the Information Age
Authors: van der Weide Th.P.
Published: February 2012

The rapid technological changes caused by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have a strong impact on societies world-wide. This will lead to changes in the traditional role patterns. The author discusses the changing information and communication technology and its background. Then the chapter goes into detail on the impact of the changing technology. Finally, the chapter discusses the political aspects required for a balanced introduction and development.
Virtual Tourism as a New Form of Oppression against Women
Authors: Rajesh M N
Published: February 2012

This chapter draws upon parallel developments in tourism and new media studies basing on the emergence of virtual tourism. Virtual tourism, and by extension real tourism, is taken as a site for analysis where both these methods can be employed. This chapter looks at certain websites and sees how prostitution and other forms of work are subsumed under the garb of development, whereas they are in fact crimes against women.
Does Technology Uptake Convert to Effectiveness
Authors: Mital Monika
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the author focuses on learner perceptions of the characteristics of learning technology as explanatory variables for acceptance behavior. The author presents an empirical study examining the effects of these perceptions on two outcomes: uptake of an e-learning technology and effectiveness of such technologies that results in the intention to continue to use. The effectiveness of e-learning programs are dependent on the fulfillment of the leaner expectations in terms of the suitability of the learning to the present task, applicability of the learning, and the right incentives and measures to encourage and motivate employees.
Fostering Higher Knowledge Construction Levels in Online Discussion Forums
Authors: Hew Khe Foon , Cheung Wing Sum
Published: February 2012

Prior research has suggested that higher levels of knowledge construction (e.g., where opinions are argued, challenged, or negotiated) have rarely been demonstrated in student online discussions. In this study, the authors replicate prior research on group size, discussion duration, and student facilitation techniques to examine the influence of these factors on the attainment of higher level knowledge construction. Data were collected from 12 online discussion forums involving undergraduate students and students’ reflection logs. Analysis of the data confirms a significant positive correction between higher level knowledge construction occurrences and group size. No correlation is found between the discussion duration and the occurrences of higher level knowledge construction. Further analysis between the higher and lower performing forums suggests that a certain critical mass, which appears to be a group size of about 10 participants, may be required to direct the discussion to advanced levels of knowledge construction. In addition, results show that students in higher performing forums used the facilitation technique of pointing, highlighting unanswered or unresolved issues statistically significantly more than their counterparts in lower performing forums.
Competitive Landscape of Mobile Telecommunications Tower Companies in India
Authors: Singh N.P.
Published: February 2012

With the entry of 3G and WiMAX players, the Indian mobile subscriber base is expected to reach 1110 million by the end of 2015. To meet mobile infrastructure demand, India will require approximately 350,000 to 400,000 mobile telecommunications towers in the next 7 to 8 years. Presently only 40% of mobile telecommunications towers are shared in India. The high growth of subscribers and initial cost of mobile telecommunications towers and license conditions will force mobile network operators to share infrastructure with other mobile network operators, specifically with new operators. The Indian government has allowed sharing of passive and active components of mobile telecommunication infrastructure. With the changing demand of the telecommunications infrastructure, many new telecommunications tower business entities and companies and mobile telecommunications tower business models are being explored. In this paper, the author presents the landscape of the mobile telecommunications tower industry in India, which consists of four types of companies and trends with respect to the strategies of telecommunication tower companies, especially tenancy ratio. Emerging features of the mobile telecommunication towers industry in India are also presented.