bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solar and solar wind energy drivers for O+ and O2+ ion escape at Mars
Authors: Schnepf Neesha Regmi , Dong Yaxue , Brain David Andrew , Hanley Kathleen Gwen , Peterson William K. , Strangeway Robert J , Thiemann Edward Michael Benjamin , Halekas Jasper S. , Espley Jared Randolph , Eparvier Francis G. , Mcfadden James P.
Published: July 2023

Mars once had a dense atmosphere enabling liquid water existing on its
surface, however, much of that atmosphere has since escaped to space. We
examine how incoming solar and solar wind energy fluxes drive escape of
atomic and molecular oxygen ions (O+ and O2+) at Mars. We use MAVEN data
to evaluate ion escape from February 1, 2016 through May 25, 2022. We
find that Martian O+, and O2+ all have increased escape flux with
increased solar wind kinetic energy flux. Increased solar wind
electromagnetic energy flux also corresponds to increased O+ and O2+
escape flux. Increased solar irradiance (both total and ionizing) does
not obviously increase escape of O+ and O2+. Together, these results
suggest that the solar wind electromagnetic energy flux should be
considered along with the kinetic energy flux, and that other parameters
should be considered when evaluating solar irradiance’s impact on O+ and
O2+ escape.
Is Hot Drought a Risk in the US Mid-Atlantic? - a Potomac Basin Case Study
Authors: Schultz Cherie , Seck Alimatou , Ahmed Sarah
Published: July 2023

We propose a new nonparametric approach for assessing future changes in
annual stream flows in extreme drought years based on an ensemble of
climate projections. We apply the method to the Potomac River basin,
investigating whether future flows in the river may be impacted by “hot
drought”, that is, increasing severity of hydrological drought caused
by rising temperatures coupled with variability in precipitation. Long
time series representative of annual climate in time periods of interest
are constructed by pooling and concatenating shorter time series sampled
from an ensemble of bias corrected and spatially downscaled climate
projections, where the K-nearest neighbor method is used to select pool
members. The pooled time series are of sufficient length to allow
estimation of the probability distribution of a full range of future
annual flows, including 1st percentile values, indicative of flow in an
extreme drought year. An empirically derived climate response function
for annual mean flow is used as this study’s simple hydrologic model.
The resulting set of cumulative probability distributions can be used to
compute scaling factors for future annual Potomac River flow which
demonstrate the disparate impacts of climate change on high flow,
average flow, and low flow years. For most scenarios considered, results
indicate that though long-term mean precipitation and river flow will
increase modestly in future years, annual flows in an extreme drought
year will decrease. This new approach can provide multi-model consensus
inputs for water supply planning models to support decision-making
regarding new infrastructure for climate resilience.
An isotopologue-enabled model (∆47, ∆48) for describing thermal fluid-carbonate interaction in open and closed diagenetic systems
Authors: Staudigel Philip T , Pederson Chelsea , Lubbe H.J.L. (Jeroen) van der , Bernecker Miguel , Tagliavento Mattia , Davies Amelia , Immenhauser Adrian , Fiebig Jens
Published: July 2023

The geochemical and ultrastructural properties of thermally altered
skeletal carbonate are expected to be compromised to varying degrees by
disequilibrium processes between solids and the ambient aqueous fluids.
When assessing the alteration history of carbonates, it is important to
apply models that quantitatively describe these diagenetic processes on
multiple geochemical systems, such that they can be identified in
natural samples. Carbonate clumped isotope analysis provides a unique
tool for validating such models and can be combined with other
geochemical tools/proxies to more comprehensively describe the processes
and products. Here, we have analyzed bivalve shells that have undergone
hydrothermal alteration (experimental diagenesis) in high water/rock
ratio experiments at 130 and 160{degree sign}C, demonstrating that
non-linear changes in ∆ and ∆ values
can be attributed to heterogeneous replacement of precursor carbonates.
Importantly, this model predicts decoupled ∆ and
∆ values, despite all reactions occurring at clumped
isotope equilibrium with respect to the experimental temperature. We
demonstrate that the rapid, thermally induced re-equilibration occurs in
a “closed system” with minimal exchange with the ambient fluid,
similar to the results of heating experiments conducted without an
extraneous fluid. Later stages of alteration occur in an “open system”
wherein internal fluid is exchanged with the external fluid at a similar
rate to recrystallization and neomorphism. In these experiments, some
oxygen from the original inorganic-organic composite-biomineral is
inherited, indicating restrictions on the availability of fluid oxygen.
Our experiments and models validate a novel application for dual-clumped
isotopes for reconstructing hydrothermal temperatures and fluid
δO compositions.
Climatology of Gravity Wave Activity From Two Martian Years of ACS/TGO Observations
Authors: Starichenko Ekaterina D. , Medvedev Alexander S. , Belyaev Denis A. , Yiğit Erdal , Fedorova Anna A. , Korablev Oleg I , Trokhimovskiy Alexander , Montmessin Franck , Hartogh Paul
Published: July 2023

We report the gravity wave (GW) statistics accumulated over two Martian
years from the second half of Martian Year 34 (MY34) to the middle of
MY36 (May 2018 - February 2022). The observations were performed by the
middle- and near-infrared (MIR and NIR, respectively) spectrometers of
Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) on board ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
(TGO). Temperature profiles obtained independently of both channels
during simultaneous measurements show a good agreement, thus providing
verification and additional confidence in the data. GW parameters such
as temperature fluctuations, potential energy per unit mass, and wave
drag are retrieved at altitudes up to 160 km from the MIR channel and up
to 100 km from the NIR channel. We present seasonal, intraday and
latitude distributions of the wave potential energy and drag, serving to
represent the wave activity and impact on the dynamics. A comparison of
data obtained during the global dust storm (GDS) of MY34 with the
corresponding period of MY35 without a storm reveals a reduction of GW
activity in mid-latitudes in agreement with previous observations, and
enhancement in the polar regions of both hemispheres, which was
predicted by theoretical studies using simulations with a
high-resolution circulation model. Seasonal variations of the derived GW
activity can be linked to changes in the solar tide.
Polar aerosol rivers: detection, characteristics and potential applications
Authors: Lapere Rémy , Thomas Jennie L , Favier Vincent , Angot Hélène , Asplund Julia , Ekman Annica M. L. , Marelle Louis , Raut Jean-Christophe , Silva Anderson Da , Wille Jonathan , Zieger Paul
Published: July 2023

Aerosols play a key role in polar climate, and are affected by
long-range transport from the mid-latitudes, both in the Arctic and
Antarctic. This work investigates poleward extreme transport events of
aerosols, referred to as aerosol rivers (AeR), leveraging the concept of
atmospheric rivers (AR) which signal extreme transport of moisture.
Using reanalysis data, we build a detection catalog of polar AeRs for
black carbon, dust, sea salt and organic carbon aerosols, for the period
1980–2022. First, we describe the detection algorithm, discuss its
sensitivity, and evaluate its validity. Then, we present several extreme
transport case studies, in the Arctic and in the Antarctic, illustrating
the complementarity between ARs and AeRs. Despite similarities in
transport pathways during co-occurring AR/AeR events, vertical profiles
differ depending on the species, and large-scale transport patterns show
that moisture and aerosols do not necessarily originate from the same
areas. The complementarity between AR and AeR is also evidenced by their
long-term characteristics in terms of spatial distribution, seasonality
and trends. AeR detection, as a complement to AR, can have several
important applications for better understanding polar climate and its
connections to the mid-latitudes.
Mesospheric temperature and circulation response to the Hunga Tonga-Hunga-Ha'apai volcanic eruption
Authors: Yu Wandi , Garcia Rolando R. , Yue Jia , Smith Anne K. , Wang Xinyue , Randel William J. , Qiao Zishun , Zhu Yunqian , Harvey V. Lynn , Tilmes Simone , Mlynczak Martin G.
Published: July 2023

The Hunga Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January
2022 injected water vapor and SO2 into the stratosphere. Several months
after the eruption, significantly stronger westerlies, and a weaker
Brewer-Dobson circulation developed in the stratosphere of the Southern
Hemisphere and were accompanied by unprecedented temperature anomalies
in the stratosphere and mesosphere. In August 2022 the Sounding of the
Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) satellite
instrument observed record-breaking temperature anomalies in the
stratosphere and mesosphere that alternate signs with altitude. Ensemble
simulations carried out with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate
Model (WACCM6) indicate that the strengthening of the stratospheric
westerlies explains the mesospheric temperature changes. The stronger
westerlies cause stronger westward gravity wave drag in the mesosphere,
accelerating the mesospheric mean meridional circulation. The stronger
mesospheric circulation, in turn, plays a dominant role in driving the
changes in mesospheric temperatures. This study highlights the impact of
large volcanic eruptions on middle atmospheric dynamics and provides
insight into their long-term effects in the mesosphere. On the other
hand, we could not discern a clear mechanism for the observed changes in
stratospheric circulation. In fact, an examination of the WACCM ensemble
reveals that not every member reproduces the large changes observed by
SABER. We conclude that there is a stochastic component to the
stratospheric response to the HTHH eruption.
Retrieving precipitable water vapor over land from satellite passive microwave radiometer measurements using automated machine learning
Authors: Xia Xinran , Fu Disong , Shao Wei , Jiang Rubin , Wu Shengli , Zhang Peng , Yang Dazhi , Xia Xiangao
Published: July 2023

Accurately retrieving precipitable water vapor (PWV) over wide-area land
surface remains challenging. Unlike passive infrared remote sensing,
passive microwave (PMW) remote sensing provides almost all-weather PWV
retrievals. This study developed a PMW-based land PWV retrieval
algorithm using the automated machine learning (AutoML). Data from the
Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR-2) serves as the main
predictor variables and high-quality Global Positioning System (GPS) PWV
data as the target variable. Unprecedentedly large GPS training samples
(over 50 million) from more than 12,000 stations worldwide are used to
train the AutoML model. New predictors with clear physical mechanisms
enable PWV retrieval over almost any land surface type, including snow
cover and near open water. Validation shows good agreement between PWV
retrievals and ground observations, with a root mean square error of 3.1
mm. This encouraging outcome suggests that the algorithm’s potential for
application with other PMW radiometers with similar wavelengths.
Advancing Our Understanding of Martian Proton Aurora through a Coordinated Multi-Model Comparison Campaign
Authors: Hughes Andrea C. G. , Chaffin Michael Scott , Mierkiewicz Edwin J. , Deighan Justin , Jolitz Rebecca , Kallio Esa , Gronoff Guillaume , Shematovich Valery I. , Bisikalo Dmitry , Wedlund Cyril L. Simon , Halekas Jasper S. , Schneider Nicholas M. , Ritter Birgit , Girazian Zachary , Jain Sonal , Gérard Jean-Claude M. C. , Hegyi Bradley Michael
Published: July 2023

Proton aurora are the most commonly observed yet least studied type of
aurora at Mars. In order to better understand the physics and driving
processes of Martian proton aurora, we undertake a multi-model
comparison campaign. We compare results from four different
proton/hydrogen precipitation models with unique abilities to represent
Martian proton aurora: Jolitz model (3-D Monte Carlo), Kallio model (3-D
Monte Carlo), Bisikalo/Shematovich et al. model (1-D kinetic Monte
Carlo), and Gronoff et al. model (1-D kinetic). This campaign is divided
into two steps: an inter-model comparison and a data-model comparison.
The inter-model comparison entails modeling five different
representative cases using similar constraints in order to better
understand the capabilities and limitations of each of the models.
Through this step we find that the two primary variables affecting
proton aurora are the incident solar wind particle flux and velocity. In
the data-model comparison, we assess the robustness of each model based
on its ability to reproduce a MAVEN/IUVS proton aurora observation. All
models are able to effectively simulate the data. Variations in modeled
intensity and peak altitude can be attributed to differences in model
capabilities/solving techniques and input assumptions (e.g., cross
sections, 3-D versus 1-D solvers, and implementation of the relevant
physics and processes). The good match between the observations and
multiple models gives a measure of confidence that the appropriate
physical processes and their associated parameters have been correctly
identified, and provides insight into the key physics that should be
incorporated in future models.
Essay: Humanist Perspective of Space and Place
Authors: Juraev Zuhriddin , Ahn Young-Jin
Published: July 2023

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional. This article explores the
humanistic perspective of space and place in the field of behavioural
geography. Drawing on a range of disciplines, including biology, culture
and architecture, the author explores the complex relationship between
humans and their physical environment. The importance of place, the
interplay of space and place, the influence of experience and cultural
factors, and the role of the built environment in shaping social roles
and relationships are explored. The article also highlights the
importance of preserving historical structures and offers directions for
future study in geography and ethics.
Quantifying water cover shifts across the globe: following the steps of walking floods
Authors: Zaffaroni Paula Torre , Houspanossian Javier , Bella Carlos M Di , Jobbagy Esteban Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Floods in ideal landscapes follow a coherent pattern where single
water-covered areas expand and afterwards recede following the inverse
sequence but deviate in real landscapes, due to natural or human
factors, resulting in flood coverage shifts. Using remote sensing, we
introduced two indices to describe the discrepancies between spatially
integrated vs. pixel-level frequency distributions under maximum flooded
conditions (dext) and throughout all flooding conditions (dtot),
expressed as the relative weight of shifts on each landscape’s maximum
registered coverage, theoretically ranging between no displacement
(<20%) to maximum displacement (< < inf).
Globally, over 36 years floods 26 exhibited redistributions
representing, on average, 25% and 45% of their peak extents 27
revealing previously unnoticed extra flooded areas and rotational
movements within flood28 ing events, rising up to 500% in meandering
rivers (South America) and irrigated crop29 lands (Central Asia). We
also assessed the influence of natural and human variables and 30
discussed the indices’ potential for advancing flood research.
Andrade rheology in planetary science
Authors: Walterová Michaela , Plesa Ana-Catalina , Wagner Frank W. , Breuer Doris
Published: July 2023

The anelastic reaction of planet-forming materials is successfully
described by the Andrade rheological model, which presents an extension
of the simple Maxwell rheology. In addition to the instantaneous elastic
deformation and the long-term viscous creep, the Andrade rheology
incorporates the transient creep in metals, ices, and silicates, and is
able to explain the tidal parameters of planets even in cases, where the
Maxwell model requires the assumption of unrealistically low mantle
viscosities. In this work, we discuss the applications of the Andrade
model in planetary science, the parameters used in the literature, and
their justification by material science and geodesy. We also examine the
topic of relating the empirical tidal parameters to the mantle viscosity
of moons and terrestrial planets and assess the limitations resulting
from the uncertainties in the rheological parameters. Our study
illustrates the necessity for future measurements that would help to
better calibrate the rheological models to conditions relevant to the
deep interiors of planets and moons.
Accurate Magnitude and Stress Drop using the Empirical Green's Function Method Applied to Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Lior Itzhak
Published: July 2023

The reliable estimation of earthquake magnitude and stress drop are key
in seismology. The novel technology of distributed acoustic sensing
(DAS) holds great promise for source parameter inversion owing to the
measurements’ high spatial density. In this study, I demonstrate the
robustness of DAS for magnitude and stress drop estimation using the
empirical Green’s function deconvolution method. This method is applied
to 7 colocated earthquakes recorded in Israel following the 2023 Turkey
earthquakes. Spectral ratios were calculated using amplitude spectra
stacked along the fiber, and fitted with a relative Boatwright source
spectral model. Excellent fits were obtained even for similar sized
earthquakes. Stable seismic moments and stress drops were calculated
assuming the moment of one earthquake is known. These robust source
parameters suggest that stress drop increases with seismic moment. The
results demonstrate the great potential of DAS for source studies.
Urban FEW Nexus Model for the Otun River Watershed
Authors: Torres Camilo , Gitau Margaret , Lara-Borrero Jaime , Paredes-Cuervo Diego , Daher Bassel
Published: July 2023

The food-energy-water (FEW) nexus has emerged as an alternative to
improve the management of the resources used in the food, energy, and
water systems. However, there are limited case studies in the Latin
American and Caribbean region where a FEW nexus methodology has been
implemented. This region will greatly benefit from a FEW nexus approach
since more than half of the electricity comes from hydropower, and even
though the region has excess in water resources, these resources are not
equally distributed and they are poor managed. In this study, an urban
FEW nexus framework was used in the Otun River Watershed (ORW) to
evaluate the changes in food, energy, and water demand for four
scenarios (base scenario, year 2017; scenario 1, year 2035-population
growth; scenario 2, year 2035-population growth and reduction in locally
produced food; scenario 3, year 2035-population growth and increase in
electricity generated locally). Additionally, regional climate models
(RCMs) were used to estimate the water availability in the ORW from
2030-2039. The results show that water demand could increase by 16% and
energy demand will increase roughly 15% for scenario 2, while water
demand in scenario 3 will likely remain unchanged in relation to the
current conditions (base scenario). As the Latin America and Caribbean
region is the most urbanized region in the world, the modeling tool
developed as part of this study may be implemented in other urban
watersheds in the Andean Region.
Earthquake nucleation characteristics revealed by seismicity response to seasonal stress variations induced by gas production at Groningen.
Authors: Acosta Mateo , Avouac Jean-Philippe , Smith Jonathan Daniel , Sirorattanakul Krittanon , Kaveh Hojjat , Bourne Stephen James
Published: July 2023

Deterministic earthquake prediction remains elusive, but time-dependent
probabilistic seismicity forecasting seems within reach thanks to the
development of physics-based models relating seismicity to stress
changes. Difficulties include constraining the earthquake nucleation
model and fault initial stress state. Here, we analyze induced
earthquakes from the Groningen gas field, where production is strongly
seasonal, and seismicity began 3 decades after production started. We
use the seismicity response to stress variations to constrain the
earthquake nucleation process and calibrate models for time-dependent
forecasting of induced earthquakes. Remarkable agreements of modelled
and observed seismicity are obtained when we consider (i) the initial
strength excess, (ii) the finite duration of earthquake nucleation, and
(iii) the seasonal variations of gas production. We propose a novel
metrics to quantify the nucleation model’s ability to capture the damped
amplitude and the phase of the seismicity response to short-timescale
(seasonal) stress variations which allows further tightening the model’s
parameters.
Shocked soil - a rare terrestrial impactite
Authors: Wright Shawn P , Michalski Joseph
Published: July 2023

Impactites generally consist of target rocks subjected to a shock wave
during an impact event, but theoretically can be composed of surficial
materials such as soil or other unconsolidated surface materials. Frothy
samples found in the impact melt-bearing breccia circum Lonar crater,
India have a significantly lower density than shocked bedrock basalts.
Analyses of petrographic and back-scattered electron images, along with
mineralogical and geochemical comparisons between the target basalts and
local Deccan soils suggest that these are shocked soils that were
compressed and lithified during the impact event. Hyperspectral images
reveal both unshocked and shocked silicates and glasses along with
organics on a scale of millimeters. Shocked soils/regolith could hold
tremendous value as recorders of ancient
lithosphere-hydrosphere-atmosphere reactions on this planet as well as
Mars.
The Physical Meaning of Fine-Structure Constant
Authors: Liang Huan
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to provide the physical meaning of fine-structure constant through simple mathematical derivations to prove that the value represents a ratio of the distance traveled by a single electron in a specific amount of time to the distance traveled by a single photon in the same amount of time.
A new nonparametric copula framework for the joint analysis of river temperature and low flow characteristics for aquatic habitat risk assessment
Authors: LATIF SHAHID , Ouarda Taha BMJ , St-Hilaire André- , Souaissi Zina , Rehana Shaik
Published: July 2023

The joint probability analysis of river water temperature (RWT) and low
flow (LF) characteristics is essential as their combined effect can
negatively affect aquatic species, e.g., ectotherm fish. Traditional
multivariate models may not be as effective as copula-based
methodologies. This study introduces a new multivariate approach, the
nonparametric copula density framework, free from any distribution
assumption in their univariate margins and copula joint density. The
proposed framework utilized RWT and LF datasets collected at five
different river stations in Switzerland. The study evaluates a
nonparametric Gaussian kernel with six bandwidth selectors to model
marginal densities. It employs nonparametric-based Beta kernel density,
Bernstein estimator, and Transformation kernel estimator to approximate
copula density with nonparametric and parametric margins. The
performance of some parametric copula densities was also compared. The
most justifiable models were employed to estimate bivariate joint
exceedance probabilities and return periods (RPs). The Beta kernel
copula with Gaussian kernel margins outperformed other models for most
stations; Bernstein and Transformation copula with Gaussian kernel
margins were better for only one station each. The univariate RPs (RWT
or LF) are lower than the AND-joint but higher than OR joint case. As
the percentile value of LF events (serve as a conditioning variable)
increases, the bivariate joint RPs of RWT also increase. Higher values
in RWT events result in higher RPs than lower values at the fixed
percentile value of LF. All such estimated risk statistics are
beneficial to analyze their mutual risk in aquatic habitats and
freshwater ecosystems.
Variability of maize genotypes in the expression of tolerance to European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.)
Authors: Gosic-Dondo Snezana , Srdic Jelena , Dragicevic Vesna , Popovic Zeljko , Ristic Danijela , Brankovic Dragana , Grcak Dragan
Published: July 2023

The backbone of modern technologies is the creation of tolerant genotypes at
the ECB with special emphasis on the interaction between the degree of plant
damage and metabolic processes as potential responses to stress. During the
vegetation period of 2016 and 2018, the variability and response of four
maize genotypes to the effectiveness of insecticides and bioinsecticides and
the interdependence with the dynamics of the ECB population were examined.
Out of a total of 11,023 attacked plants in both years of the survey, in
2016 the largest number of plants (4,841) with a broken stalk above the ear
and at the height of the ear and belonged to categories C3 to C8. In 2018,
there was no damage to the tassel and ear, while 3,672 plants were dominated
by leaf damage and perforation in the H2 type. In addition to the fact that
more infested plants were observed in the genotypes, ZP 434 and ZP 666 the
categories of damage type C5, C6 and C7 were more pronounced. The foliar
treatment of plants with chlorantraniliprole in two-year research proved to
be the most effective with the least number of attacked plants with a high
degree of damage. In contrast, bioinsecticide treatment of plants, in
addition to a large number of infested plants, was dominated by high
categories of damage that deviated from all other treatments as well as from
control. Within the definition of the degree of tolerance of maize
genotypes, the influence of treatment on changes in secondary metabolites
(phytins) in seeds was observed. It was noticed that there is a trend of
positive correlation between the amount of phytin in the seed (mg g-1) with
the attack of moths of the first generation and the number of dissected
larvae, as well as a trend of negative correlation with the percentage of
attacks of the second generation. Correlation coefficients are expressed: in
the genotype ZP-600, while in the genotype ZP-666 correlation is the lowest,
ie. irrelev?nt. The obtained results may be of great importance in future
work aimed at the selection of maize genotypes tolerant and resistant to
corn borer attack, connected to the role of phytin, as an antioxidant and
phosphorus deposited in corn grain.
Epitaxial bilayer La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 thin films obtained by polymer assisted deposition
Authors: Piper Danica , Vukmirovic Jelena , Tokovic Iva , Kukovecz Akos , Szenti Imre , Novakovic Mirjana , Milanovic Marija , Srdic Vladimir
Published: July 2023

In this work bilayer structures, composed of ferromagnetic manganite and ferroelectric titanate layers, were obtained by solution deposition technique. The first step in preparation of the bilayer thin films was deposition of manganite (LaMnO3 or La0.7Sr0.3MnO3) layer by water-based polymer assisted deposition (PAD). Polycrystalline structures were obtained when manganite films were deposited by spin coating on commercial Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si type substrate, whereas epitaxial films were grown on a single crystal SrTiO3 with (001) orientation substrate. The second ferroelectric titanate (BaTiO3 or Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3) layer was deposited by spin coating using sol-gel method. The obtained bilayer structures have thickness below 100 nm, and epitaxial growth of the Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 film on the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 surface was obtained, due to the similar lattice parameters between these two crystal structures.
CT-based radiostereometric analysis for assessing midfoot kinematics: precision compared with marker-based radiostereometry
Authors: Poulsen Magnus , Stødle Are H , Nordsletten Lars , Röhrl Stephan M
Published: July 2023

Background and purpose: 3-dimensional midfoot motion is hard to evaluate in clinical practice. We present a new computed tomography (CT)-based radiostereometric analysis (CT-RSA) technique to examine in vivo midfoot kinematics during single-leg stance and compare it with marker-based radiostereometry (RSA).Patients and methods: 8 patients were examined with bilateral non- and full-weight-bearing CT images of the midfoot. 1st tarsometatarsal motion was analyzed using a surface-registration technique (CT-RSA). As all patients had unilateral tantalum markers in the 1st cuneiform (C1) and 1st metatarsal (M1), comparison of precision with markerbased RSA was performed. CT-RSA precision was evaluated with surface registration of both C1–M1 bone and C1–M1 tantalum markers, while RSA precision was determined with C1–M1 markers only. Additionally, to remove motion bias, we evaluated intrasegmental CT-RSA precision by comparing proximal with distal part of M1.Results: Under physical load, the primary movement for the 1st tarsometatarsal joint was M1 dorsiflexion (mean 1.4°), adduction (mean 1.4°), and dorsal translation (mean 1.1 mm). CT-RSA precision, using surface bone or markers, was in the range of 0.3–0.7 mm for translation and 0.6–1.6° for rotation. In comparison, RSA precision was in the range of 0.4–0.9 mm for translation and 1.0–1.7° for rotation. Finally, intrasegmental CT-RSA precision was in the range of 0.1–0.2 mm for translation and 0.4–0.5° for rotation.Conclusion: CT-RSA is a valid and precise, non-invasive method to measure midfoot kinematics when compared with conventional RSA.
Sosyoekonomik Açıdan Dezavantajlı Küçük Çocuklara Yönelik Erken Müdahale Programlarının İncelenmesi: Sistematik Derleme Çalışması
Authors: Gözün-Kahraman Özlem , Kılınç Nida
Published: July 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazında 2015-2020 yılları arasında yapılmış olan erken müdahale programlarına ilişkin çalışmaların kapsamlı ve bütüncül bir şekilde incelenmesidir. Bu bağlamda, mevcut araştırmanın kapsamına giren çalışmaların (1) yayın yıllarına, (2) araştırma desenlerine, (3) uygulandıkları çalışma grubuna, (4) çalışılan yaş grubuna, (5) çalışıldığı gelişim alanlarına ve (5) analiz yöntemlerine göre dağılımlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik derleme olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmaya 2015-2020 yılları arasında Türkiye ve uluslararası eksenli toplam 19 çalışma dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları uygulanan erken müdahale programlarının aile eğitimi ve çocuk gelişimini destekleme noktasında yoğunlaştığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte araştırmalardaki etkinliklerin çoğunlukla bireysel olarak gerçekleştirildiği ve müdahale programlarının uygulandığı yerlerin genellikle kurumlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca incelenen çalışmaların ebeveyn yetiştirme, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik engelleri azaltma, temel gelişim alanlarını geliştirme ve hayat kalitesini artırma temaları etrafında şekillendiği görülmektedir. Araştırma bulguları, ilgili alanyazınla ilişkili bir biçimde tartışılmış ve bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyoekonomik dezavantaj; Erken müdahale; Küçük Çocuklar.
The Gap Analysis of Peace Education Components in English Language Classroom: A Case Study
Authors: Özel Dilara , Yurtsever Ayşegül
Published: July 2023

Creating a harmonious and amenable atmosphere in the language classroom is an essential step for peaceful learning. Plurilingual and pluricultural language education was put forward in CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) was developed by the Council of Europe and officially launched in 2001. The purpose of this study is to examine the discrepancies between the curriculum and peace education components in English teaching classrooms in Turkey. Document analysis was made with the curriculum including activities and coursebook for 7th graders to examine the peace education components. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with the English language teacher as a key informant and ten 7th gradestudents as a chosen case to get additional data to the document analysis. As a result of the content analysis of the interviews, there are three main themes that emerged which are knowledge, motivation, and culture/context. According to the results, a peace education model for EFL classrooms was proposed.

Keywords: CEFR; Content analysis; English language classroom; Peace education; Qualitative research.
EVALUATION OF QUORUM SENSING SIGNALS OF STRONG BIOFILM PRODUCING BACTERIA VIA LC-MSMS, HPLC AND BIOSENSORS
Authors: İPEK Dilvin
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to show presence of Quorum Sensing (QS) signals of Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilm producing bacteria isolated from real dairy process lines. Defining the profile and chemical composition of QS-signals is an important factor in control of microbial resistance and biofilm production. We especially focused on unusual behaviour of Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates. Long-chain acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) signals (C14-HSL, C16-HSL and C18-HSL) and DFD (4,5-dihidroksi-2,3-pentanedione)-AI-2 signals of the isolates were studied by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) methods. All Gram-positive isolates were defined as AHL-producers. All Gram-negative isolates, formerly defined as non-AHL producers by both biosensors and HPLC methods, were identified as AHL-producers. DFD signal was only detected from Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. The results demonstrated that the QS-system is a complex system and biosensor microorganism may not be the best method for QS-signal identification. The results also provided new insights in defining the profile and chemical composition of QS-signals importance for interrupting the chemical communication completely to reduce biofilm formation and prevent resistance gain of microorganisms.
FUNGSI JAMINAN SEBAGAI BENTUK KELONGGARAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBAYARAN DENDA PELANGGARAN PRAKTEK MONOPOLI DAN PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT
Authors:   Magister Kenotariatan, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hartono Reynata Alya , Afriana Anita ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Faisal Pupung ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: July 2023

Berdasarkan Pasal 18 Peraturan Komisi No. 2 Tahun 2021 menyatakan KPPU memiliki kewenangan untuk memberikan kelonggaran pembayaran denda dengan dengan kewajiban pelaku usaha untuk menyerahkan jaminan yang cukup antara lain dapat berupa asuransi, jaminan bank, surety bond, jaminan kebendaan, atau jaminan lainnya. Oleh karena itu artikel ini bertujuan menetapkan kualifikasi jaminan yang cukup sehingga dapat dijadikan KPPU dalam memberikan kelonggaran pembayaran denda oleh pelaku usaha dan menentukan jenis jaminan yang paling optimal untuk menjamin pelaksanaan pembayaran denda oleh pelaku usaha sehingga mudah di eksekusi oleh KPPU berdasarkan hukum jaminan. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara yuridis normatif, dengan data sekunder sebagai data utama dengan didukung data primer. Disimpulkan bahwa kualifikasi jaminan yang cukup adalah yang dapat mengcover seluruh kewajiban pelaku usaha termasuk biaya-biaya yang akan dikeluarkan dengan presentase taksasi nilai jaminan dapat ditetapkan lebih dari 100% - 150% dengan memperhatikan adanya penurunan harga jual pada saat dieksekusi dan menurut hukum jaminan yakni surety bond dikarena kriteria yang mencakupnya yaitu pengikatan jaminan yang mudah dan cepat, harga jaminan mudah dinilai dan jaminan stabil, tidak membebankan kewajiban bagi kreditur, mudah di eksekusi dengan model pengeksekusian yang mudah biaya rendah tidak, tidak memerlukan bantuan debitur, dan sesuai dengan pemberian jangka waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh KPPU.
COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and its Determinants: Findings From A Web-Based Survey in Nigeria
Authors: Tijani Bosun , Filani Temi , Oluyide Olatunji , Odis Adaora , Ezike Emmanuella , Adewemimo Adefemi , Benjamin Asuku , Joseph Isa , Sagar Maissa , Akinreni Temidayo
Published: July 2023

COVID-19 vaccination was identified as a major effort to curb the global challenge of this highly infectious disease. However, the coverage rate is an essential factor that decides successful vaccination. As vaccines are being distributed around the world, there is a debate on their acceptability, accessibility, and barriers to receiving them despite the availability of the vaccine. This study was conducted to assess the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccination, and its determinants among internet users in Nigeria. An online survey was conducted between February and April 2022 using a semi-structured questionnaire. It was set up using Google Forms and data were collected via online method. Relevant data collected were analyzed using STATA version 14. A total of 378 respondents participated in the study, with a mean age of 32 years (± 8.50) years. Majority of the respondents are young adults between the age range of 25-35 years. 74.9% of the respondents are Christians. All the respondents have heard of the COVID-19 vaccine while about one-third of them had taken the COVID-19 vaccine (62.2%). The uptake of the vaccine had a significant positive association with the level of education and level of monthly income (p =0.004 and 0.002 respectively) aORs =0.386, 95% (CI=0.184-0.810). Two out of three Nigerian respondents had taken the coronavirus vaccine. However, the long distance to get to vaccination centers was the leading barrier to vaccine uptake.  Hence, this calls for key stakeholders to ensure that COVID-19 vaccination centers are close to residents in Nigeria and for leaders at all levels to be involved in public education based on sound evidence and the discouragement of the spread of conspiracy theories to eliminate the negative associated factors will reduce vaccine hesitancy and thereby increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Nigeria.
An analysis of asset turnover ratios in local development corporations
Authors:   The Korean Association for Local Public Enterprises, Won Gu-hwan
Published: July 2023

The government is proposing to promote structural reform, strengthen financial soundness, strengthen public-private cooperation, and reorganize the management system in the direction of innovation of local public institutions. In order to strengthen financial soundness, this study analyzed the asset turnover rate over the past 10 years for local development corporations, which account for the largest proportion among local public enterprises, and the analysis results are as follows. First, the asset turnover rate of the urban development corporation is relatively low compared to that of domestic private companies or foreign similar companies. Second, the performance of asset turnover by type is the highest return on equity, followed by non-current asset turnover, current asset turnover, and total asset turnover ratio. Third, as a result of dividing metropolitan cities and metropolitan provinces, it was analyzed that the level of turnover ratios in metropolitan provinces was relatively higher than that of metropolitan cities in all asset turnover indicators. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and apply an indicator to determine whether equity capital is undevervalued in relation to equity capital turnover ratio, and consider increasing the weight of management evaluation on the total asset turnover index. It is necessary to strengthen measures to utilize cashable assets in various ways, and to verify whether asset turnover indicators are efficiently managed in mid-to long-term financial management plans in management evaluation indicators.
تاثير تمارين التدريب الذهني المباشر على التفضيل الحسي البصري لاداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة
Authors:   كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة /جامعة صلاح الدين /اربيل, Younis Bassem , Abdulwahid Shwan Khalid , Ali Dbland Najat
Published: July 2023

ان الاجهزة الحسية وسلامتها في الممعلومات البصرية التي تدخل عن طريق شبكة العين كخطوة اولى وهذا يختلف من متعلم الى اخر حسب تفضيلاتهم الحسية ويعتمد على قدرة المتعلم على كيفية توظيف هذة المعلومات ومعالجتها بالاضافة الى التداخل بعض انواع التعلم التي تدعم الحواس للتسرع والزيادة في استقبال المعلومات حتى يتم ترميزها وتثبيتها في الذاكرة الحسية للاستفادة منها.ومن هنا تاتي اهمية دراسة تاثير التمارين الذهنية المباشرة على التفضيل الحسي البصري لاداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة كما هدفت الدراسة التعرف على فاعلية التمارين الذهنية المباشرة على التفضيل الحسي البصري لاداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة .وكذلك التعرف على الفروق في بين المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة في النتائج البعدية في اداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة اما فرضا البحث وجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية بين الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية في اداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة ووجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية في نتائج الاختبارات البعدية للمجموعتين التجريبية والظابطة في اداء بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة اما مجالات البحث المجال البشري شمل لاعبي منتخب جامعة صلاح الدين /اربيل للسنة الدراسية 2022-2023 والبالغ عددهم 16 لاعب والمجال المكاني كان في القاعة الداخلية لكلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة /جامعة صلاح الدين /اربيل اما المجال الزماني كانت المدة من 5/11/2022 ولغاية 3/12/2022 وهي فترة اجراء البرنامج للتدريب الذهني اما الاستنتاجات والتوصيات كانت حققت المجموعتين التجربيتين ( البصرية-الضابطة ) تطوراً في تعلم المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة ( الارسال الفلوتر - الاعداد للاامام - الضرب الساحق).كما تفوقت المجموعة البصرية على المجموعة الظابطة في الاختبارات البعدية في تعلم المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة (الارسال - الاعداد للامام - الضرب الساحق).وكذلك وجد ان التمرينات الخاصة بالتدريب الذهني المباشر لها تاثيراً واضحاً في تعلم المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة (الارسال المتموج -الاعداد للامام - الضرب الساحق).اما التوصيات شملت التاكيد على التاثير الايجابي لاستخدام التدريب الذهني المباشر على التفضيلات الحسية وخاصة (البصرية )تعلم بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة.والتاكيد على استخدام اسلوب التفضيل البصري في تعلم بعض المهارات الفنية الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة.وامكانية اجراء دراسات اخرى وباسلوب التفضيلات الحسية ودمجها بالتدريب الذهني وعلى الالعاب الرياضية الاخرى ولباقي مهارات الكرة الطائرة.
Problems in Using Communicative Language Teaching CLT in Secondary Schools from Teachers’ Point of Views
Authors:   Noble Technical Institute – Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Dizayee Shivan , Karim Karim ,   Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Affairs, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: July 2023

The study researched on the problems that the communicative language teachers face in teaching a second language. The communicative language teaching is one of the most effective teaching methods in language teaching which has its own challenges from the teachers’ point of view. The communicative language teaching helps in a acquiring the native proficiency and accent. It improved on all four skill including reading, listening, speaking and writing. Consequently, it requires an effective curriculum and the effective content to be utilized in the classroom to promote interactive learning. The CL teachers may have problem in achieving high performance from the CLT if the learners are less interested or they are not enjoying the communication process. The teachers also face an issue when the learners are not using the target language because practicing the target language is very important to succeed in the target language. The practical implementation of the designed content and curriculum becomes one of the challenges for the teachers of the communicative language teaching.
The impact of bequest taxation on savings and transfers
Authors: Kudła Janusz , Kruszewski Robert , Dudek Maciej , Walczyk Konrad
Published: July 2023

Research background: The paper investigates the impact of bequest taxation on saving and transfers when parents and children make decisions consistently. It complements the predictions of Gale and Perozek's life-cycle modeling (2001) when decisions of parents and children are set independently and can be time-inconsistent.
Purpose of the article: The paper strives to answer the question of whether taxation of bequest harms savings and inter vivos transfers. The previous results indicated that this is possible for some bequest motives. Our results show that this is not likely for the most typical values of parameters.
Methods: The analysis involves economic modeling of four bequest motives: altruistic, paternalistic, accidental, and exchange. The method is based on the overlapping generation approach and life-cycle approach in the case of a paternalistic bequest. The results are supplemented with numerical simulations.
Findings & value added: For the altruistic motive, savings are smaller if interest rates are low relative to the tax rate and the utility of one's consumption is more valuable than the utility of the next generations. For the accidental motive, savings decrease with small interest rates, high taxation and long-life expectancy. For the paternalistic motive, savings decrease when the interest rate and the value of future utility are low. For the exchange motive, savings are higher after a tax increase, but it depends on the value of attention and life expectancy. The general conclusion is that higher bequest taxation hamper saving behavior and may disturb the intergenerational exchange process. The bequest tax should, therefore, be set low, especially for aging populations, in order to induce higher savings and force the young to provide the elderly with higher attention.