bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divine Eternity as Timeless Perfection
Authors: Runggaldier Edmund
Published: March 2017

Should we interpret God’s eternity as mere everlastingness or as timelessness? We are still confronted with an ongoing debate between the two positions. That God is timeless or completely outside time might be called ‘the classical view of divine eternity’. But this view can be interpreted in various ways. In reverting to some of Aquinas’ texts I want to focus on the account of God’s timelessness as a perfection. In trying to defend this view I will not offer any new arguments; I simply adopt the classical assessment of the meaning of the predicates we use when we speak about God. That God lives, loves, thinks, acts, etc., are claims which cannot be understood in the same way as when they are made of human persons.
Charitable Love: Bearing the Other's Transcendence
Authors: Moyaert Paul
Published: March 2017

According to a popular view charity is reduced to mercy and benevolence. Through an exploration of traditional, Christian, charitable acts – both corporeal and spiritual in nature – I set out to develop an alternative view. Why, for example, is the simple act of laying the dead to rest considered an act of charity? Feelings of pity and commiseration offer an insufficiently firm basis for justifying such an attribution. By adopting the burial of the dead as a sort of touchstone, I suggest that the (corporeally or spiritually) indigent other finds him- or herself in need of charity at the precise moment that he or she loses the ability to react as a person. Sometimes being charitable comes to expression in relinquishing one’s demands that the other behave as morally responsible people ought to behave. Charity involves the question of how to bear the other’s ‘transcendence’.
Compulsion or Attractiveness - A False Dichotomy? A Kantian Perspective on the Sources of Moral Motivation
Authors: Schwartz Maria
Published: March 2017

The essay questions the dichotomy between ‘push’ and ‘pull’ motivation to act morally, asking for the motivational power of Kant’s categorical imperative instead, its functionality as well as its sources. With reference to Christine Korsgaard it can be shown that personal integrity together with the notion of an ideal common world form one single source of motivation, grounded in exercising our autonomy. In a last step this outline of a kantian ethics of automony is related to the notion of God, whose role is illustrated in Kant’s Religion Within in a surprising way.
Sensor Location Decision Model for Truck Flow Measurement
Authors: Hyun Kyung (Kate) , Ritchie Stephen G.
Published: March 2017

Timely and reliable truck activity data are of importance for transportation planning and investment analysis, traffic management, environmental and safety analyses, and operation and maintenance of infrastructure. Therefore, state and regional agencies have used various types of sensors to obtain truck flows. To measure accurate traffic flows with the use of sensors, considerable effort has been made to determine optimal sensor locations. The most common approach has been to focus on capturing the maximum number of origin–destinations (O-Ds) and routes at the sensor locations; this approach is referred to as the observability problem. However, when the long travel distances of trucks are considered, sensor locations that seek observability of O-Ds and routes may not acquire meaningful proportions of truck movements in a large-size truck network when budgets are limited. Therefore, this study provides a decision model that optimally locates sensors to capture the maximum O-D and route flow. A goal-programming approach with different weights that prioritize O-Ds or route flow, depending on a prior objective, was investigated. The proposed model was implemented in a real network in Los Angeles, California, with actual truck flow data obtained from sampled truck GPS trajectories. Results showed that significantly larger numbers of O-Ds and route flows were captured by the proposed flow-capturing model than with conventional observability approaches. In addition, trade-offs between O-D and route flow capturing depended on the applied weights and budgets. Particularly in the Los Angeles truck network, equally applied weight provided balanced capturing of O-D and route flow when sufficient numbers of sensors were located in the network. The proposed goal-programming approach can provide insights for researchers and practitioners for alternative sensor location solutions.
Synthesis of Water-Soluble 7-O-Carboxymethyl-Genistein
Authors: Cao Zhiling , Wu Qiao , Cheng Jing , Zhu Dandan , Teng Wengqi , Liu Weiwei , Sun Xiaokai , Yao Guowei
Published: March 2017

A three-step synthesis from genistein of the water-soluble sodium salt of 7-O-carboxymethyl-genistein is described. Base-catalysed reaction of genistein with t-butyl bromoacetate gave 7-O-(carbo-t-butoxy)methyl-genistein, which was hydrolysed by aqueous acetic acid to 7-O-carboxymethyl-genistein and neutralised (NaHCO3) to give the target compound. The carboxylate group enhanced the water-solubility of genistein more than a thousand-fold and the new derivate will be useful as a candidate compound in pharmacological and clinical chemistry studies of isoflavones.
Die Brutvogelfauna eines Nadelwaldes der nördlichen Voralpen nach dem Sturm Lothar
Authors: Mollet Pierre , Hardegger René , Altwegg Res , Korner Pius , Birrer Simon
Published: March 2017

Breeding bird fauna in a coniferous forest in the northern Prealps after storm Lothar

In a 70-hectare large coniferous forest located on the northern edge of the Alps in central Switzerland, Canton of Obwalden, at an altitude of 1260 to 1550 metres above sea level, we surveyed the local breeding bird fauna in 2002 and 2013 by means of point counts as well as additional area searches for rare species. In December 1999, hurricane Lothar caused two large windthrow areas and several smaller areas with scattered throws in the survey range. We found a total of 48 breeding bird species, which is a very diverse species composition for a mountain forest. In the eleven years between surveys, a decline in distribution or abundance was recorded for four species, while seven species showed an increase; a further four species showed no change. For the remaining species, the data sets were too small to reliably estimate changes. A comparison with forest structure data provided by the Swiss Federal Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL revealed that for five bird species, the changes in distribution or abundance could be explained at least partially by forest succession. In order to obtain realistic distribution and abundance values in this kind of breeding bird survey, it is essential to collect large enough samples and to consider the detection probability of each individual species using appropriate statistical methods.
Ergebnisse eines Grünästungsversuchs mit Bergahorn, Buche, Eiche und Esche
Authors: Klädtke Joachim , Ehring Andreas
Published: March 2017

Results of a green pruning experiment with maple, beech, oak, and ash

Object of the investigation is a pruning experiment in maple, beech, oak and ash stands in southwest Germany, which started in 2004. Aim of the experiment was to quantify the effects of green pruning on wood decay, discoloration, epicormic shoot formation, radial increment, and occlusion time. At top heights of 8–14 m, trials for each species were placed in stands where the natural pruning had not yet reached the achieved knot-free bole length. In each trial, ten trees were pruned in spring and summer respectively, by cutting 40% of the crown in average and branches up to 80 mm diameter. Additionally, ten unpruned trees were selected on each trial and, as the pruned trees, released from competitors. In 2011 and 2012 respectively, the trees were felled and measured, and wood samples with branches were taken and analysed. Results show that green pruning did not cause any wood decay. Compared to the control trees, increased discoloration was observed in the stems of the pruned trees. However, this was limited to the knotty center of the trunk and did not diffuse to the knotless part. Pruning intensified the formation of epicormic branches, but, except for oak, these branches diminished to the level of the control trees already during the time of observation. Radial increment shows a short-term decrease due to the green pruning, but with an extent below the effect of the dry year in 2003. With branch diameters of 3–4 cm, the pruned trees needed three to five years until the branching wounds were occluded, whereas about nine years were necessary for trees with natural pruning.
Bestimmung von Schwermetalleinträgen in Waldgebiete mit Modellierung und Moosmonitoring
Authors: Nickel Stefan , Schröder Winfried
Published: March 2017

Determination of heavy metal deposition in forests by use of modelling and moss biomonitoring

Atmospheric deposition of elements such as heavy metals, to which environmental systems are exposed, can be determined by means of technical samplers, biological samplers such as moss and deposition modelling. This article aims at comparing heavy metal deposition as computed by two chemical transport models with empiric measurements of respective concentrations in moss collected in 2005. For Cd and Pb, the correlations (Spearman) were between 0.31 and 0.81 across Europe and across Germany. Thereby, highest correlations were determined for specific land use classes. For As, Cr, Cu, Ni, V and Zn lower correlations were found. It could be shown that heavy metals emission inventories should be complemented by spatial and ecosystem type-specific biomonitoring with moss and modelling at high spatial resolution. This should apply even if emission and atmospheric deposition of heavy metal are low since heavy metals are persistent and, therefore, accumulate in ecosystems.
Die Veränderung der Hausarbeitsteilung in Paarbeziehungen. Ein Überblick über die Längsschnittforschung und neue empirische Befunde auf Basis der pairfam-Daten
Authors: Dechant Anna , Rost Harald , Schulz Florian
Published: March 2017

This paper examines the changes in the division of housework over the course of relationships, first providing a detailed and comprehensive overview of the current status of longitudinal research on the subject matter. The findings available to date, revealing a largely gendered division of labor among German couples, were then confirmed using pairfam data and fixed-effects panel regression models: routine household tasks, such as cooking, cleaning, and doing laundry, remain predominantly “women’s work”. This division of housework is reinforced considerably with the transition to parenthood. Furthermore, effects of the couples’ levels of education and the women’s labor market participation could be illustrated in accordance with well-established theories. In conclusion, we suggest that this current state of knowledge can highly benefit from qualitative longitudinal studies, allowing for a detailed representation of new contextual dimensions such as attitudes towards gender roles, socialization experiences or negotiation processes among couples.

Zusammenfassung

Der Beitrag untersucht die Veränderung der Hausarbeitsteilung im Partnerschaftsverlauf und gibt hierfür zunächst einen ausführlichen und umfassenden Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Längsschnittforschung. Eigene Panelregressionsmodelle mit fixen Effekten auf Basis der pairfam-Daten bestätigen die bisher bekannten Befunde, dass in Deutschland eine weitgehend geschlechtsspezifische Arbeitsteilung in Paaren vorliegt: Haushaltsroutinen wie Kochen, Putzen und Wäsche machen liegen überwiegend im Zuständigkeitsbereich der Frauen. Der Übergang zur Elternschaft verstärkt diese Hausarbeitsteilung deutlich. Darüber hinaus konnten Effekte des Bildungsniveaus im Paar und der Erwerbstätigkeit der Frau gezeigt werden, die im Einklang mit den gängigen Theorien stehen. Wir schließen mit der These, dass dieser Erkenntnisstand vor allem durch qualitative Längsschnittstudien erweitert werden kann, weil dadurch neue inhaltliche Dimensionen wie beispielsweise Einstellungen zu den Geschlechterrollen, Sozialisationserfahrungen oder Aushandlungsprozesse in Paaren detailliert abgebildet werden können.
Undecidability of satisfiability of expansions of FO[<] over words with a FO[+]-definable set
Authors: Milchior Arthur
Published: March 2017

Two new characterizations of [Formula: see text]-definable sets, i.e. sets of integers definable in first-order logic with the order relation and modular relations, are provided. Those characterizations are used to prove that satisfiability of first-order logic over words with an order relation and a [Formula: see text]-definable set that is not [Formula: see text]-definable is undecidable.
Computability and categoricity of weakly ultrahomogeneous structures
Authors: Adams Francis , Cenzer Douglas
Published: March 2017

This paper investigates the effective categoricity of ultrahomogeneous structures. It is shown that any computable ultrahomogeneous structure is [Formula: see text] categorical. A structure [Formula: see text] is said to be weakly ultrahomogeneous if there is a finite ( exceptional) set of elements [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] becomes ultrahomogeneous when constants representing these elements are added to the language. Characterizations are obtained for weakly ultrahomogeneous linear orderings, equivalence structures, injection structures and trees, and these are compared with characterizations of the computably categorical and [Formula: see text] categorical structures. Index sets are used to determine the complexity of the notions of ultrahomegenous and weakly ultrahomogeneous for various families of structures.
Friction in the scholarly workflow: Obstacles and opportunities
Authors: Sack John
Published: March 2017

Is disruptive change coming to the scholarly world? Friction has been mounting in the scholarly workflow as well as scholarly publishing. After an introductory clarification of the workflow versus publishing, I go on to examine telltales of scholarly friction, which can be inferred from the over 600 small fixes that have been invented in the past years to keep the system going. Next, I turn to the 12 most annoying friction points, Finally, I examine the rising likelihood of disruptive change and the key role that machine learning will play.
18F-AV-1451 PET Imaging in Three Patients with Probable Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Kim Hee Jin , Cho Hanna , Werring David J. , Jang Young Kyoung , Kim Yeo Jin , Lee Jin San , Lee Juyoun , Jun Soomin , Park Seongbeom , Ryu Young Hoon , Choi Jae Yong , Cho Young Seok , Moon Seung Hwan , Na Duk L. , Lyoo Chul Hyoung , Seo Sang Won
Published: March 2017

Cerebrovascular deposition of amyloid-β, known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), is associated with MRI findings of lobar hemorrhage, cerebral microbleeds, and cortical superficial siderosis. Although pathological studies suggest that tau may co-localize with vascular amyloid, this has not yet been investigated in CAA in vivo. Three patients with probable CAA underwent 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET or 18F-florbetaben PET to evaluate amyloid burden, and 18F-AV-1451 PET to evaluate paired helical filament tau burden. Regions that had cerebral microbleeds or cortical superficial siderosis largely overlapped with those showing increased 18F-AV-1451. Our preliminary study raised the possibility that lobar cerebral microbleeds, and cortical superficial siderosis, which are characteristic markers of vascular amyloid, may be associated with local production of paired helical filament tau.
Design and analysis of a vehicle magnetic particle clutch with permanent magnets
Authors: Xu Shanzhen , Wang Cheng , Dai Jianguo
Published: March 2017

A design scheme of the vehicle magnetic particle clutch with permanent magnets (PM-MPC) is proposed based on the principle of two magnetic fields superposition generated by both of the permanent magnets and the exciting coils. According to the working characteristics of the clutch, working process of the vehicle PM-MPC is analyzed, and the design objectives of the clutch torque are proposed to meet the requirement of vehicle operation under different loads. Based on a domestic economical passenger vehicle as the matching type, the structure parameters of the permanent magnet which can satisfy the design requirement are determined, and the torque performance of the PM-MPC is gained by electromagnetic field computation. Furthermore, it compares and analyzes the torque transmission performance as well as the energy consumption characteristics of the PM-MPC and the electromagnetic magnetic particle clutch (EM-MPC) with the same structural size. Then, the results show that the vehicle PM-MPC in this paper has the advantages of high torque transmission and low energy consumption. Finally, the prototype of PM-MPC is produced which performance is tested. More importantly, the correctness of the design and calculation is verified as expected.
Neuropathological Staging of Brain Pathology in Sporadic Parkinson’s disease: Separating the Wheat from the Chaff
Authors: Braak Heiko , Del Tredici Kelly
Published: March 2017

A relatively small number of especially susceptible nerve cell types within multiple neurotransmitter systems of the human central, peripheral, and enteric nervous systems (CNS, PNS, ENS) become involved in the degenerative process underlying sporadic Parkinson’s disease (sPD). The six-stage model we proposed for brain pathology related to sPD ( Neurobiol Aging 2003) was a retrospective study of incidental and clinically diagnosed cases performed on unconventionally thick tissue sections (100 μm) from a large number of brain regions.The staging model emphasized what we perceived to be a sequential development of increasing degrees of Lewy pathology in anatomically interconnected regions together with the loss of aminergic projection neurons in, but not limited to, the locus coeruleus and substantia nigra. The same weight was assigned to axonal and somatodendritic Lewy pathology, and the olfactory bulb was included for the first time in a sPD staging system. After years of research, it now appears that the earliest lesions could develop at nonnigral (dopamine agonist nonresponsive) sites, where the surrounding environment is potentially hostile: the olfactory bulb and, possibly, the ENS. The current lack of knowledge regarding the development of Lewy pathology within the peripheral autonomic nervous system, however, means that alternative extra-CNS sites of origin cannot be disregarded as possible candidates. The PD staging system not only caused controversy but contributed a framework for (1) assessing pathology in the spinal cord, ENS, and PNS in relationship to that evolving in the brain, (2) defining prodromal disease and cohorts of at-risk individuals, (3) developing potential prognostic biomarkers for very early disease, (4) testing novel hypotheses and experimental models of α-synuclein propagation and disease progression, and (5) finding causally-oriented therapies that intervene before the substantia nigra becomes involved. The identification of new disease mechanisms at the molecular and cellular levels indicates that physical contacts (transsynaptic) and transneuronal transmission between vulnerable nerve cells are somehow crucial to the pathogenesis of sPD.
A comparison of the incidence of undiagnosed congenital heart disease in hospital born and home born children
Authors: Reich J.D. , Haight D. , Reich Z.S.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of otherwise undiagnosed congenital heart disease (CHD) in a population of children born in a hospital with routine pulse oximetry (RPO) screening compared to children born at home.

METHODS: We reviewed 15 years of births at 2 hospitals for incidence of undiagnosed CHD with RPO. The Health Department reviewed the same data for out of hospital births.

RESULTS: A total of 50,545 hospital births were screened and 1,274 children were born outside the hospital. There were 28 hospital-born babies diagnosed with cyanotic CHD prior to nursery discharge. Only one of these babies would not have been diagnosed without RPO. Three children were missed and there were 3 false positives. Sensitivity and positive predictive value of RPO was 25%, specificity and negative predictive value of RPO exceed 99%. The incidence of CHD requiring RPO diagnosis was roughly one birth per 50,000. Two children born at home with undiagnosed CHD were missed. One of these children presented with neonatal demise.

CONCLUSION: RPO screening is still valuable in diagnosing CHD only diagnosable with RPO. However, the incidence of CHD requiring RPO to diagnose is similar to other congenital diseases which are not mandated national screening tests. In our limited experience a patient is roughly 25 times more likely to have undiagnosed CHD if they are born outside of a hospital.
Point of care high resolution ultrasound in the evaluation of Bangladeshi women presenting to a breast care center
Authors: Love Richard R , Hossain Syed Mozammel , Woods James , Ahmed Sk Farid Uddin , Parvin Moslema , Nahar Naznin
Published: March 2017

Background: Mammography and ultrasound examinations for diagnosis and staging of breast problems have been traditionally performed in specialized facilities, which circumstances are associated with increased costs and inconvenience for patients. Point of care or clinical office provision of high resolution ultrasound may allow addressing these equity barriers to health services, but there are limited data in Bangladesh about such practice and the associated quality of care.Objective: To ascertain the advantage of ultrasonogram in the diagnosis of breast disease and screening of breast cancer.Methods: From February through November 2014, 1085 women presented to the Amader Gram Breast Care Center in Khulna. In each of these women in addition to standard history and physical examination, a high resolution ultrasound scan was performed of both breasts. Standard clinical and ultrasound practice definitions of breast conditions were applied to each case by an specialist surgeon trained in breast sonology.Results: Two thirds of women had history, physical examination and ultrasound findings consistent with fibrocystic conditions. 12% had fibro adenomas, 5% inflammatory infectious conditions, 2% obvious or strongly suspected breast malignacy, and 1% had masses of uncertain nature. 3% had more than one abnormal breast condition and 3% had no breast abnormalities at all. The overwhelming majority of women benefitted from having ultrasound examination which contributed to prompt, definitive characterization of their breast conditions and which pictorial demonstration contributed to patient education about the clinical diagnosis.Conclusion: Point of care high resolution breast ultrasound can contribute favorably to quality and equity of care for Bangladeshi women with breast problems.Bang Med J (Khulna) 2016; 49 : 3-6
Huge abdominal swelling due to haemorrhagic splenic cyst
Authors: Islam Md Rafiqul , Rahman Md Gulzar , Parvin Mst Dilruba
Published: March 2017

Splenic cyst is an uncommon problem in surgical practice. It is usually diagnosed in scanning procedure. In some cases it produces symptoms like abdominal mass, abdominal pain, distention, constipation either due to haemorrhage, rupture or big size. In our case, patient presents with abdominal pain, distention, vomiting, constipation and respiratory embarrassment. Routine investigation was done and diagnosis was confirmed after laparotomy, Splenectomy was done. Post operative recovery was good.Bang Med J (Khulna) 2016; 49 : 34-36
Alkaptonuria
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Kamal SM , Hossain Sk Amir , Islam Sirajul
Published: March 2017

Alkaptonuria is a rare metabolic autosomal recessive disorder. It occurs due to lack of an enzyme that results in deposition of homogentisic acid in various tissues. A male patient of 45 years presented with back pain for 20 years and multiple joint pain for 10 years. Patient has multiple nodules in both pinnae and pigmentation in both sclerae. His urine turns black upon standing. These findings are compatible with the diagnosis of Alkaptonuria.Bang Med J (Khulna) 2016; 49 : 37-39
Microbiota in Human Health
Authors: Barua Uttam Kumar
Published: March 2017

Abstract not availableJ Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2014, Vol.6(1); 1-2
Evaluation of the Impact of Revised MBBS Curriculum: View of Intern Doctors
Authors: Md Mosaddek Abu Syed , Nargis Waheeda , Ahamed Borhan Uddin , Begum Most Fahmida , Ara Shahin , Rahman Md Faizur , Alim Rumana , Jahan Ferdous , Parveen Kawser
Published: March 2017

Background: Undergraduate medical education is part of a continuum of education and training.Objective: This study was carried out to explore the views of intern doctors regarding the current undergraduate medical curriculum.Methodology: A partially descriptive open ended questionnaire was distributed among intern doctors of both public and private medical colleges in Bangladesh and was returned by 663 intern doctors.Results: Most of the participants (94%) suggested for changes in overall existing MBBS curriculum. However, they were satisfied with present pattern of administration test, present course content, duration, evaluation system and internship training. Majority of intern doctors did not experienced any difficulty in different phases. The study also reveals that most participants were in favor of 'Carry on' system and against the concept of pre-medical education.Conclusion: Student's evaluation may prove useful if analyzed further to overcome the shortcomings of existing MBBS curriculum.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2014, Vol.6(1); 3-6
Association of Maternal Zinc Status and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Rahman Md Habibur , Hoque Mozammel , Jahan Waseka Akhter , Hassan Zaheed , Shakoor MA , Begum Bilqis Ara , Sultan Md Kamal
Published: March 2017

Background: Maternal zinc is related to the growth and development of newborn babies. Low birth weight babies leads to higher infant mortality rate & unfortunately the incidence of LBW is higher in Bangladesh.Objective: The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the zinc status in mothers with normal and low birth weight as well as to find-out the association between maternal zinc level and birth weight of babies in a selected hospital in Dhaka city.Methods: This case-control study on 20 non-pregnant and 40 pregnant women was done to find out the relationship between maternal zinc status and fetal outcome. This study was carried out in the department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, in collaboration with Bangladesh Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka from the period of July 2003 to June 2004.Result: The mean age (yrs), height (cms) & parity (number) in Group-A found to be 23.7 ± 4.8, 154 ± 7 and 1.82 ± 0.85 respectively & those in Group-B were 24.5 ± 4.3, 153 ± 9 and 1.86 ± 0.89 respectively without any significant difference between the groups. The mean plasma zinc concentrations in Control & Cases were 90.10 ± 13.96 and 64.54 ± 16.22 ?g/dl respectively. The mean plasma zinc concentrations in Subgroup B-I & B-II were 63.85 ± 12.49 and 65.18 ± 18.48 ?g/dl respectively.Conclusion: Maternal zinc status is not associated with fetal outcomes.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2014, Vol.6(1); 7-10
Clinical Finding of Electroencephalographic (EEG) Data in Adults: A Retrospective study
Authors: Salam Abdus , Banu Selina Husna , Nayeem Abu , Susan Zobaida Sultana
Published: March 2017

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) is the first and only real-time monitor of epileptic seizures, and is a powerful measure of cerebral function in the seriously ill.Objective: The purpose of this study was to see the common conditions for doing EEG.Methods: This study was performed retrospectively by collecting and reviewing the electro-clinical information of the adult patients to whom EEGs were done at the 'Central Hospital' laboratory. Clinical problems were categorized into seizures, fainting attacks, headache, giddiness, vertigo, stroke, suicidal tendency, sudden aggressiveness and head injury. Routine EEGs were performed for 30 minutes. EEG findings were categorized as normal for the age, localized or generalized epileptiform discharges, non-epileptogenic dysfunction.Result: In total 53 adult patients 34% population had fainting attacks, 28% had seizures, 10% had stroke and 28% had complaint related to behavior, suicidal tendency, headache and post head injury problems. EEG was normal in 60%.Conclusion: EEG is advised for diverse conditions. The proportion of epileptic patients is small, although this is the principal indication for doing routine EEG.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2014, Vol.6(1); 14-17
Laparoscopic Rectopexy Operative Procedure for Complete Rectal Prolapse among Female patients
Authors: Saha PK , Roy Ratna Rani , Khan Mohammad Emrul Hasan , Rahman Md Mamunur , Alam Kazi Shafiqul , Rabbani Md Golam , Akbar Syeda Suraiya
Published: March 2017

Background: Laparoscopic rectopexy is performed to repair the complete rectal prolapse.Objective: The aim of this study was to see the safety of laparoscopic mesh rectopexy in patients with complete rectal prolapse after doing a case series at a tertiary care hospital.Methodology: This was a case series carried out at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka and at a private clinic from January 2005 to December 2010 for a period of 5 years. All female patients presented with complete rectal prolapse were included in this study. Follow up and outcomes were measured after operation.Result: A total number of 6 female patients were operated due to complete rectal prolapse. The mean age (iSD) of the study population was 64.4(i4.615) years. The age range was 58 to 70 years. The mean (iSD) duration of operation was 127.oi25.150 minutes. Constipation was reported in 33.3% cases of patients and 66.7% patients were without any complications.Conclusion: Laparoscopic mesh rectopexy is a technically feasible and safety method for treatment of complete rectal prolapse.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):67-70
Comparison of Predictive Models in Classification of Nutritional Status among Arsenic Affected People in Rural Areas in Bangladesh: An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Logistic Regression Approach
Authors: Rahman Azizur , Akter Mariam , Majumder Ajit Kumar , Islam Md Atiqul , Sattar AFM Arshedi
Published: March 2017

Background: Clinical data play an important role in medical sector for binary outcome variables. Various methods can be applied to build predictive models for the clinical data with binary outcome variables.Objective: This research was aimed to explore and compare the process of constructing common predictive models.Methodology: Models based on an artificial neural network (the connectionist approach) and binary logistic regressions were compared in their ability to classifying malnourished subjects and those with over-weighted participants in rural areas of Bangladesh. Subjects were classified according to the indicator of nutritional status measured by body mass index (BMI). This study also investigated the effects of different factors on the BMI level of adults of six Villages in Bangladesh. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected based on aged over 30 years from six Villages in Bangladesh that were identified as mainly dependent on wells contaminated with arsenic.Result: A total of 460 participants were recruited for this study. Out of 460(140 male and 320 females) participants 186(40.44%) were identified as malnourished (BMK18.5 gm), and the remainder 274(59.56%) were found as over-weighted (BMI>18.5 gm). Among other factors, arsenic exposures were found as significant risk factors for low body mass index (BMI) with a higher value of odds ratio. This study shows that, binary logistic regression correctly classified 72.85% of cases with malnourished in the training datasets, 76.08% in the testing datasets and 75.26% of all subjects. The sensitivities of the neural network architecture for the training and testing datasets and for all subjects were 84.28%, 84.78% and 81 .72% respectively, indicate better performance than binary logistic regression model.Conclusion: This study demonstrates a significant performance of artificial neural network than the binary logistic regression models in classification of malnourished participants from over-weighted ones.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):71-75
Management of Traumatic Brain Injury: A review Update
Authors: Ashadullah ATM , Islam Monirul , Milad Fazley Elahi , Alamgir Abdullah , Alam Md Shafiul
Published: March 2017

Traumatic Brain Injury leads to serious consequences. Approximately half of all deaths is related to traumatic injury and the main cause of head trauma. Extradural haematomas (EDH) develops in all major head injuries. A head injury patient who is only temporary loss of consciousness and is left asleep may sometimes be found dead in the bed next morning due to extradural haematoma. Extradural haematoma which lies in between the inner surface of skull and stripes of dural membrane, are nearly always caused by, and located near a skull fracture. The collection takes several forms in terms of size, location, speed of development and effects they exert on patient. Immediate management is necessary to decrease the bad consequences. In this review the management of traumatic brain injury is highlighted.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):87-89
Magnitude of Snake Bite and Drowing During Monsoon Flood in Two Districts of Bangladesh
Authors: Reza AM Selim , Islam SM Nurul , Ghosh Anirudha , Rahman Md Ridwanur , Faiz MA , Rahim Abdur
Published: March 2017

Background: Snake bite and drowning is very common during the season of monsoon flood.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the magnitude of snake bite and drowning during monsoon flood season in two districts of Bangladesh.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted from May 2012 to October 2012 in the most commonly flood affected districts of Bangladesh which were Shirajgonj and Pabna. All the people living in these two districts were selected as study population. Data regarding snake bite and drowning were collected from existing health facilities at Upazila Health Complexes, district hospital, private hospitals, print media like local and national newspapers, Medical College Hospitals and police station.Result: A total number of 9 Upazila in Sirajgonj District and another 9 upazila in Pabna district were included in this study. In Sirajgonj district drowning reported were in 140 cases and snake bite was in 49 cases. Furthermore, among 49 cases of snake bite death was occurred in 7(14.3%) cases in Sirajgonj District. Interestingly Shahzadpur, Shirajgonj sadar and Ullapara were the most common reported Upazila for drowning cases which were 38(27.1%) cases, 21(15.0%) cases and 20(l4.3%) cases respectively. However, among these high prone drowning area, snake bite is reported less commonly and Kazipur was the highest reported area for snake bite which was 25(51.0%) cases. On the other hand, Pabna district drowning reported cases were in 58 and snake bite was in 62 cases. Furthermore, among 62 cases of snake bite death was occurred in 17(27.4%) cases. Sujanagar, Bera and Faridpur were the most common reported area for drowning which were 11, 10 and 9 cases respectively. However, Chatmohar was the most commonly reported by snake bite which was 20(32.3%) cases.Conclusion: Drowning is more commonly occurred in Sirajgonj district than Pabna. However, Pabna district is found a snake bite prone area.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):3-5
Maternal Outcome among the Misoprostol Induced Term Pregnant Women
Authors: Nahar Aftabun , Ghani Afroza , Munira Serajoom , Khatun Ashia , Sultana Rifat , Akter Fatema Mahbooba
Published: March 2017

Background: Use of misoprostol in term pregnancy can give some maternal adverse events.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the maternal outcome among the term pregnant women.Methodology: This descriptive, prospective cohort study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital during the period from September 2005 to February 2006. Primi or second gravida patients with the gestational age between 37 weeks to 42 weeks in singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation and not in labour who came for delivery purposes during the study period at any age were selected as study population. After proper selection of the cases, induction of labour (IOL) was done by applying tablet Misoprostol 5omcg in the posterior vaginal fomix. Purpose of induction of labour was successful when vaginal delivery occurred Without any untoward side effects and Without any surgical interference.Result: A total number of 60 pregnant women were recruited in this study of which 60% patients were within 23-30 years of age. Out of 43 cases of vaginal delivery 22 cases needed 1 dose of Misoprostol 21 cases needed more than 1 dose. 60% of study population who were primigravide had vaginal delivery in 67% cases and caesarean section in 33% cases and among 40% 2nd gravida cases vaginal delivery was 79% and caesarean delivery was 21%.Conclusion: In the conclusion, the use of Misoprostol results in a shorter induction to delivery time, a reduction in the rate of caesarean delivery and also did not appear to produce miserable adverse effects on the method of delivery or the foetus.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):6-9
Cervical Cancer Screening On 1000 Healthy Asymptomatic Women Residing In Slum of Rajshahi City of Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdausi Munira , Ashraf Fatema , Rahman Nourin , Rahman Zara , Mustanzid Fahima
Published: March 2017

Background: Cervical carcinoma is an important cause of mortality among adult women.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to detect the pre-cancerous condition of cervix in women.Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the OPD of a tertiary care hospital of Rajshahi City in Bangladesh during the year June 2010 to August 2011. Healthy asymptomatic women residing in slum of Rajshahi city with a marital age of 8 years and above were included as study population. VIA test was performed in all women. The VIA positive cases were invited for colposcopy and directed biopsies were obtained from women who were colposcopically positive.Result: A total number of 1000 women were studied. Among them 80(8%) women were VIA positive. These positive cases were also referred for colposcopy. Out of the 80 cases, 26 (32%) were colposcopically normal and 50(63%) were CIN-1 and 4(5%) women were CIN II. Directed biopsy was done among colposcopically positive group. Histopathological examination shows 44 (82%) were CIN-1 and 4(7%) were CIN- II and 6(11%) were chronic cervicities.Conclusion: Cervical screening of the slum area women shows an important number of women suffering from precancerous condition of which CIN-l is the most common.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):14-17
Lactation Management Centre: A case report
Authors: Akhtar Khursheda
Published: March 2017

Most of the maternity care and tertiary level hospitals have a lactation management centre. Lactation management centre is a part of the mother-baby unit and identify the problems on breastfeeding and help the mothers with breast feeding problems and promote, protect and support the breast feeding. A retrospective data was collected from registered book of 4 hospitals where Lactation management centre have. Maximum mothers had lack of knowledge on positioning and attachment. Also faced the problems such as insufficient breast milk, crack nipple, flat nipple, inverted nipple, engorge breast etc. Service was given accordingly. In some cases oketani breast massage technique was needed. The nurses of Lactation management centre were skilled enough to motivate the mothers on breastfeeding 100%.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):36-39
External supravesical hernia is a rare type of abdominal wall hernia: A case report
Authors: Saha Pankaj Kumar , Roy Ratna Rani , Khan Mohammad Emrul Hasan , Rahman Md Mamunur , Alam Kazi Shafiqul , Rabbani Md Golam
Published: March 2017

The first case of external supravesical hernia was made in 1804; but it is so rare that it is very difficult to find any case reported in Bangladesh. Here a case of external supravesical hernia is described in a male who was presented with a left sided direct incomplete reducible inguinal hernia. This report aims to review and discuss the surgical anatomy of these rare supravesical hernias and calls attention to the confusing presentation and treatment of this conditionJ Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2015; 7(1):40-41
Moving from MDGs to SDGs: Bangladesh Achievement and Challenges in Health Sector
Authors: Hossain Md Shahadat
Published: March 2017

Abstract not availableJ Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2015, Vol.7(2); 42-43
A Comparative Study Between Expectant Management and Active Interference in Term PROM
Authors: Biswas Bipul , Jahan Israt , Joty Fahmida Sharmin , Nandi Eva Rani , Dewan Farhana
Published: March 2017

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term is an obstetrics problem which seeks special attention.Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the better management option of term PROM.Methodology: This cross-sectional prospective cohort study was carried out in the department of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital between July 2012 to June 2013. Pregnant women presented with term PROM without any contraindication of vaginal delivery were included in the study. One group of patients ware managed expectantly and in other group was induced actively to identify the better outcome. Results: Time interval and hospital stay is less in active interference but failure is more. Foetal and maternal outcome is better in expectant management.Conclusion: Expectant management is a better option in the management of term PROM regarding both maternal and neonatal outcome.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2015, Vol.7(2); 66-68
Open versus Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernioplasty - Outcome Correlation
Authors: Ahmed Akhter , Chowdhury Salma Yesmin , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Shimu Farhana , Shahriar Shaon , Mohammad Din
Published: March 2017

Background: Repair of inguinal hernias in men is a common surgical procedure, but the most effective surgical technique is still in debate.Methods: We randomly assigned men with inguinal hernias at Mitford Hospital surgery, ward to either open mesh or laparoscopic mesh repair. The primary aim was to detect recurrence of hernias in both groups at 6 month. Secondary aims were to detect complications and patient compliance.Results: of the 70 patients who were randomly assigned to one of the two procedures, 62 underwent operation; 6 month follow-up was completed in 55 (78.6%). Recurrences were only one in the laparoscopic group (3.6%) and 1 in the open group (3.7%). The rate of complications was lower in the laparoscopic-surgery group than in the open-surgery group (17.6% vs. 27%). The laparoscopic- surgery group had less pain initially than the open-surgery group on the day of surgery (difference in mean score on a visual-analogue scale, 10.2 mm; 95 percent confidence interval, 4.8 to 15.6) and at two weeks (6.1 mm; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.7 to 10.5) and returned to normal activities earlier (adjusted hazard ratio for a shorter time to return to normal activities, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 1.3). Hospital stay was shorter in laparoscopic group (2.6 days vs 3.2 days). Patients satisfaction with surgery was 95% in the laparoscopic group and 87% in open group. Nenety six laparoscopic and 87% of open surgery patients perceived that they were healthy after surgery. Total treatment cost was more in laparoscopic group.Conclusions: The laparoscopic technique is superior to the open technique for mesh repair of primary hernias.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2016, Vol.8(1); 3-7
Clinical Profile of Brain Tumour in Children
Authors: Sharmin Shakila , Begum Nazma , Khatoon Soofia
Published: March 2017

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical profile and location of brain tumours in children so that brain tumour cases could be diagnosed and managed earlier.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from April 2011 to April 2012. A total 50 clinically suspected cases of brain tumour and supported by MRI were enrolled in this study.Results: Brain tumour of children was predominant in male where male to female ratio was almost 1.9:1. Supratentorial and Infratentorial brain tumour were found in 36% and 64% cases respectively in children. According to MRI findings in the supratentorial location, craniopharyngioma were commonest (50%) followed by cerebral astrocytoma (22.2%). In the infratentorial region, medulloblastoma was observed in (40.6%), followed by cerebellar astrocytoma (31.3%). Vertigo, weakness of limbs were found in 46.9% and 87.5% cases respectively in infratentorial group which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than supratentorial group. Growth failure and behavioral change were found in 16.7% and 22.2% cases respectively in supratentorial which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than infratentorial group. Papilloedema, reduced muscle power, increased muscle tone, exaggerated deep reflexes, clonus, gait disturbance and cerebellar signs were significantly (p<0.05) higher in infratentorial group.Conclusion: Craniopharyngioma and medulloblastoma were more common findings in MRI evaluation in the supratentorial and infratentorial location respectively. Growth failure and behavioral change were found higher in supratentorial than infratentorial group. Vertigo, weakness of limbs, papilloedema, reduced muscle power, increased muscle tone, exaggerated deep reflexes, clonus, gait disturbance and cerebellar signs were higher in infratentorial group.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2016, Vol.8(1); 8-12
Peering Beyond the Imperial Gaze: Using Digital Tools to Construct a Spatial History of Conquest
Authors: Mikecz Jeremy M.
Published: March 2017

Ethnohistorians and other scholars have long noted how European colonial texts often concealed the presence and participation of indigenous peoples in New World conquests. This scholarship has examined how European sources (both texts and maps) have denied indigenous history, omitted indigenous presence, elided indigenous agency, and ignored indigenous spaces all while exaggerating their own power and importance. These works provide examples of colonial authors performing these erasures, often as a means to dispossess. What they lack, however, is a systematic means of identifying, locating, and measuring these silences in space and time. This article proposes a spatial history methodology which can make visible, as well as measurable and quantifiable the ways in which indigenous people and spaces have been erased by colonial narratives. It presents two methods for doing this. First, narrative analysis and geovisualization are used to deconstruct the imperial histories found in colonial European sources. Second it combines text with maps to tell a new (spatial) narrative of conquest. This new narrative reconstructs indigenous activity through a variety of digital maps, including ‘mood maps’, indigenous activity maps, and maps of indigenous aid. The resulting spatial narrative shows the Spanish conquest of Peru was never inevitable and was dependent on the constant aid of immense numbers of indigenous people.