bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapa y características de los cibermedios locales e hiperlocales en España
Authors: Negreira-Rey María-Cruz , López-García Xosé , Vázquez-Herrero Jorge
Published: September 2020

Durante las dos últimas décadas, el modelo mediático tradicional de la prensa local ha sufrido una profunda crisis que, unida a la económica, ha derivado en el cierre de cabeceras y recortes de personal. La creciente necesidad de una oferta informativa local veraz y la adversa realidad laboral en el sector comunicativo han motivado a muchos periodistas a fundar sus propios medios locales e hiperlocales al amparo de la red. En esta investigación se realiza un estudio exploratorio para elaborar el primer mapa de cibermedios locales e hiperlocales activos en España, con el objetivo de conocer la presencia de este tipo de medios en el Estado. Posteriormente, estos cibermedios se someten a un análisis de contenido para identificar sus características básicas y tendencias de desarrollo. Los resultados evidencian un crecimiento relevante de los cibermedios locales e hiperlocales en el país, así como unos rasgos que reflejan la búsqueda de nuevos modelos informativos desde la proximidad.
Cine de autor peruano en tiempos de globalización: entre la transgresión y la marginación
Authors: Rivas Frías Bruno
Published: September 2020

El cine de autor peruano se ha caracterizado por representar los problemas sociales del país planteando discursos que se posicionan como alternativos ante los hegemónicos. En el presente artículo se plantea como, incluso durante el período de mayor crecimiento económico del Perú, este género ha mantenido la tradición de ser una voz alternativa al plantear que el ingreso del país a la economía globalizada no ha resuelto los problemas sociales de buena parte de la población. Para cumplir con ello, se analizaron las cintas Chicha tu madre, El premio, Paraíso y El evangelio de la carne. Dichas películas tienen en común relatar historias ambientadas en escenarios marginales y en las que sus protagonistas deben recurrir a la transgresión para poder sobrevivir. Los personajes tenían representando a los “sinlugar”, a aquellos individuos que están impedidos de participar de los beneficios de los intercambios informativos y económicos que prometía el ingreso del Perú al mercado globalizado.
Mecanismos comportamentales como predicción del uso de ad blocking en usuarios de noticias online
Authors: Sánchez-Blanco Cristina , Sádaba Charo , Sanjurjo-Sanmartín Elena-Luisa
Published: September 2020

Evitar contenidos comerciales durante el consumo de medios no es un fenómeno nuevo. La teoría reconoce distintos mecanismos para identificar esta conducta y el uso de bloqueadores de publicidad se puede reconocer como una respuesta comportamental activa y consciente a este tipo de contenido. Es interesante ahondar en los motivos que pueden explicar esta respuesta por parte del usuario. El presente artículo analiza en qué medida el uso de estos programas de bloqueo de publicidad está relacionado con actitudes conscientes y cuál es la probabilidad de que ciertos perfiles los usen más o menos. Para ello se estudia el caso de los usuarios de noticias online en España con los datos del Digital News Report 2018 que encuestó a una muestra representativa de 2023 españoles mayores de edad. A través de una regresión logística binomial, se demuestra que algunos aspectos demográficos como la edad y el género parecen indicar una mayor propensión a emplear este tipo de programas de bloqueo de publicidad online. También los usuarios con una actitud activa presentan más probabilidad de usar programas para bloquear la publicidad digital. Por contra, se muestra cómo hay dos perfiles de personas que tienen menor predisposición a usar estos programas: los que pagan por noticias online y los que tienen una mayor familiaridad y conocimiento crítico del sector de la información.
Hacia un cambio en el sector de moda y lujo. Del dominio del influencer a la marca: Gucci, Loewe y Margiela
Authors: Sanz Marcos Paloma , Pérez Curiel Concha , Velasco Molpeceres Ana María
Published: September 2020

El influencer, considerado como un activo clave en la estrategia para la comunicación online (Pérez-Curiel y Clavijo-Ferreira, 2017), provoca una pérdida del control sobre las decisiones estratégicas de las marcas de moda debido a su independencia a la hora de desarrollar acciones (Díaz, 2017). Con objeto de describir en qué medida el influencer potencia la identidad de marca y la tendencia de cambio de estrategia en el sector, se diseña una metodología de análisis de contenido comparado de triple enfoque (Silverman, 2016; Krippendorff, 2004) que analiza las cuentas de Instagram de tres firmas de lujo de referencia internacional como Gucci, Loewe y Margiela (posts totales n1= 3756 y específicos n2=240) y desarrolla un panel de expertos (n3=6) dirigido a profesionales y académicos especializados. Los resultados indican cómo se ven afectados los valores e imagen corporativa de las marcas debido al discurso egopersonal de estos perfiles de influencia.
El uso de la identidad cultural en los anuncios publicitarios para afianzar la relación consumidor-marca.
Authors: Sheen Moreno María José , Arbaiza Francisco
Published: September 2020

Usualmente, con el fin de atraer a consumidores y generar sentimientos de pertenencia, los anuncios publicitarios recurren al imaginario colectivo que identifica a un país o región para construir un mensaje eficiente que vincule los valores de dicha cultura con determinadas marcas. En este aspecto, la publicidad de bebidas alcohólicas ha destacado por su constante creación de universos simbólicos y experienciales que aluden al lugar de procedencia del producto, con el fin de construir narrativas de identidad y motivar sentimientos de pertenencia en sus consumidores. Se ha podido apreciar que los anuncios publicitarios de las marcas peruanas de cerveza no han sido ajenos a esta tendencia, y constantemente han recurrido a estereotipos culturales materializados en anuncios que descansan en una base de significación orientada a construir una perspectiva de representación cultural. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar, mediante entrevistas focalizadas, cómo los estudiantes universitarios peruanos interpretan las referencias culturales mostradas en los spots publicitarios como estímulos para incentivar la identidad cultural. Se ha podido distinguir cómo en los participantes de esta investigación se manifiesta una relación estrecha entre el reconocimiento de elementos culturales en los mensajes publicitarios y el bienestar subjetivo. Este fenómeno es modulado por diversos factores del individuo, específicamente su necesidad de pertenencia, la cual se forma desde su entorno social y adopta los mensajes comerciales como un conducto hacia sus vínculos grupales.
Engagement, redes sociales y moda internacional. La boda real de Harry-Meghan Markle
Authors: Villena Alarcón Eduardo , Segarra-Saavedra Jesús
Published: September 2020

La evolución de Internet y la penetración de las redes sociales ha modificado la forma de comunicar que tenía la moda. Atrás han quedado modelos de comunicación que situaban a los medios tradicionales en el centro de su gestión estratégica. Las nuevas tendencias contextualizan las redes sociales como eje vertebrador de la relación con los públicos. Las bodas reales son una herramienta fundamental para las firmas de moda participantes en el evento gracias a su amplio potencial como instrumento para difundir mensajes. El texto apuesta por el estudio de caso múltiple para vincular las principales marcas de moda internacionales con los eventos especiales y acude al análisis de contenido de los perfiles de redes sociales en los que las firmas protagonistas tienen presencia. Los resultados revelan cómo los públicos reaccionan a los esfuerzos comunicativos realizados y lo pertinente de recurrir a estos actos para mejorar el compromiso con los stakeholders.
La investigación en Comunicación en Colombia vista desde Web of Science
Authors: Arroyave-Cabrera Jesús , Repiso-Caballero Rafael , González-Pardo Rafael
Published: September 2020

La investigación en comunicación en Colombia es considerada ya un campo consolidado en el contexto nacional, pero no lo es en su proyección internacional. Las bases de datos internacionales y en particular Web of Science se han constituido en una forma extendida de legitimación del conocimiento en la ciencia dentro de Academia Global, pero apenas se ha estudiado la investigación colombiana en comunicación en estos productos. El presente artículo indagó cómo ha sido la producción y circulación de conocimiento en lo que se considera la base de datos más usada a nivel internacional, la Web of Science. Los resultados dan cuenta que la investigación de autores vinculados a la academia colombiana pasó de una figuración muy baja en los años noventa, a un crecimiento importante en 2008 y de manera exponencial en el 2015. La creación de la base de datos Emerging Source Citation Index contribuyó enormemente a este cambio. Del presente análisis se derivan varias implicaciones sobre la producción y apropiación del conocimiento en comunicación en Colombia.
Diseños participativos en el i-doc colaborativo: modelo de análisis y evaluación
Authors: Balaguer Juanjo
Published: September 2020

El ámbito del documental interactivo ha tenido desde sus inicios una vertiente colaborativa. En la presente investigación se propone un modelo de análisis de la participación de la comunidad online en este tipo de producción, elaborado a partir de la literatura previa sobre esta cuestión. Después, se ha analizado una muestra de casos que ha evidenciado la diversidad de formas que adquiere la contribución de la comunidad conectada. A partir de las distintas tendencias detectadas, se han identificado y descrito cinco diseños participativos con distintas intensidades y finalidades. Finalmente, el modelo se ha aplicado a cada uno de estos diseños para su evaluación, lo que permite concluir que una participación significativa tendría que combinar varios de estos diseños teniendo en cuenta tanto la articulación de la comunidad alrededor del documental como su incidencia en el significado.
Reportear en el desamparo: Análisis de las medidas de protección a periodistas en México desde el contexto local
Authors: De León Vázquez Salvador , González Macías Rubén Arnoldo
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis formal de las leyes locales de protección a periodistas en México, el cual se contrastó con testimonios de los informadores recuperados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se parte de una reflexión teórica sobre el riesgo y el ejercicio periodístico en la actualidad y de la necesidad de su atención jurídica desde lo local. Posteriormente se practica un análisis formal argumentativo de los textos legislativos que se complementa con 55 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a periodistas que ejercen su profesión en las localidades correspondientes, las cuales se levantaron entre febrero del 2017 y agosto del 2018. Los hallazgos muestran tres tipos de protección legal: social, civil y de la integridad física. Paradójicamente, la mayor parte de los periodistas expresan desconfianza sobre dicha protección con base en sus experiencias. La discusión final plantea la necesidad de mirar lo local para revisar la forma en la que se ofrecen garantías para el periodismo en el país más peligroso del mundo para ejercerlo.
Aproximación bibliométrica a la Revista de Comunicación (Perú), 2002-2019
Authors: Estrada-Cuzcano Alonso , Alhuay-Quispe Joel
Published: September 2020

El estudio presenta un análisis de visibilidad e impacto científico de los artículos aplicados por la Revista de Comunicación entre 2002 a 2019. Los métodos y técnicas empleados son de enfoque bibliométrico a nivel de autor (Lotka, índice de colaboración), artículo (co-ocurrencia) y revista (h-index, citas). Se emplean las fuentes de datos de citas Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar, y dos herramientas de análisis: Publish or Perish y VOSviewer. Los resultados encontrados muestran un desempeño óptimo de la Revista de Comunicación que evidencia su posicionamiento como una de las mejores publicaciones seriadas indizadas de América Latina y España que integra un selecto segmento de revistas de comunicación.
Lopez Hidalgo, A. (2018). El periodismo que contará el futuro
Authors: Cabrera Altieri Daniel Horacio
Published: September 2020

Antonio López Hidalgo, catedrático de Redacción Periodística en la Universidad de Sevilla es autor de una treintena de libros y varias decenas de artículos académicos fruto de la experiencia profesional y docente en el ámbito del Periodismo. Entre sus libros puede destacarse “Géneros periodísticos complementarios: Una aproximación crítica a los formatos del periodismo visual” (2002); “El Periodista en su Soledad: de cómo la Precariedad en el Trabajo Condiciona la Ética y la Independencia del Profesional, y Otras Respuestas Sin Pregunta” (2005), “La columna. Periodismo y literatura en un género plural” (2012) El Titular Periodístico (2019, 2° edición).
Magallón Rosa, R. (2019). Unfaking news. Cómo combatir la desinformación
Authors: Herrera Damas Susana
Published: September 2020

En este ensayo, Raúl Magallón, profesor de Periodismo en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, aborda el relevante y espinoso tema de la desinformación con el objetivo, en sus propias palabras, de “describir la complejidad del presente” (p. 17). Y ciertamente lo consigue. A través de las 204 páginas que integran el libro, el autor ubica primero los conceptos de desinformación, propaganda, información errónea y fake news. Después explica por qué la cultura de las fake news resulta ser un imán para las plataformas, los sistemas de mensajería y las redes sociales, examina los usos del big data por parte de Facebook y Google y describe la relación de Trump y Rusia con las noticias falsas.
POEMS-syndrome: diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Lebedev P. A. , Paranina E. V. , Rossiyev V. A. , Fedorova E. Y. , Nikolaeva A. S.
Published: September 2020

POEMS syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome whose name is an acronym formed from the initial letters of the names of the symptoms originally used to determine it: polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein and skin changes. Due to the rarity of the disease and the small number of cases described in the literature, its diagnosis is difficult. The average time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis is 18 months. Moreover, the prognosis of the disease depends on the early onset of specific treatment. The article describes a clinical case of POEMS-syndrome in a 53-year-old man, which illustrates the difficulties associated with the timely recognition of this unusual disease.
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: consensus of hematologists and nephrologists of Russia on the establishment of nosology, diagnostic approach and rationale for clone specific treatment
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Afanasyev B. V. , Poddubnaya I. V. , Dobronravov V. A. , Khrabrova M. S. , Zakharova E. V. , Nikitin E. A. , Lysenko (Kozlovskaya) L. V. , Bobkova I. N. , Rameev V. V. , Batyushin M. M. , Moiseev I. S. , Darskaya E. I. , Pirogova O. V. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Biryukova L. S.
Published: September 2020

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is a new nosology in modern nephrology and oncohematology. MGRS is defined as kidney injury due to nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin produced by the B-cell line clone which does not reach the hematological criteria for specific treatment initiation. Monoclonal proteins pathological effects on kidney parenchyma result in irreversible decline of kidney function till the end stage renal disease that in line with the position of International Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists determinates critical necessity for clone specific treatment in patients with MGRS despite the absence of hematological indications for treatment initiation. Main challenge of MGRS in Russian Federation is an inaccessibility of an in-time diagnostic and appropriate treatment for the great majority of patients due to the following reasons: 1) limited knowledge about the MGRS among hematologists and nephrologists; 2) lack of necessary diagnostic resources in most health-care facilities; 3) lack of approved clinical recommendations and medical economic standards for treatment of this pathological entity. Consensus document comprises the opinion of experts leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russian Federation on the problem of MGRS including the incoherence in nosology classification, diagnostics approach and rationale for clone specific treatment. Consensus document is based on conclusions and agreements reached during the conference of leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russia which was held in the framework of symposia Plasma cell dyscrasias and lymphoproliferative diseases: modern approaches to therapy, 1516 of March 2019, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University. The present Consensus is intended to define the principal practical steps to resolve the problem of MGRS in Russian Federation that are summarized as final clauses.
Bone disease as the first manifestation of systemic AL-amyloidosis
Authors: Mendeleeva L. P. , Rekhtina I. G. , Kovrigina A. M. , Kostina I. E. , Khyshova V. A. , Arytyunyan N. K. , Mamonov W. E. , Savthenko V. G.
Published: September 2020

Our case demonstrates severe bone disease in primary AL-amyloidosis without concomitant multiple myeloma. A 30-year-old man had spontaneous vertebral fracture Th8. A computed tomography scan suggested multiple foci of lesions in all the bones. In bone marrow and resected rib werent detected any tumor cells. After 15 years from the beginning of the disease, nephrotic syndrome developed. Based on the kidney biopsy, AL-amyloidosis was confirmed. Amyloid was also detected in the bowel and bone marrow. On the indirect signs (thickening of the interventricular septum 16 mm and increased NT-proBNP 2200 pg/ml), a cardial involvement was confirmed. In the bone marrow (from three sites) was found 2.85% clonal plasma cells with immunophenotype СD138+, СD38dim, СD19-, СD117+, СD81-, СD27-, СD56-. FISH method revealed polysomy 5,9,15 in 3% of the nuclei. Serum free light chain Kappa 575 mg/l (/44.9) was detected. Multiple foci of destruction with increased metabolic activity (SUVmax 3.6) were visualized on PET-CT, and an surgical intervention biopsy was performed from two foci. The number of plasma cells from the destruction foci was 2.5%, and massive amyloid deposition was detected. On CT scan foci of lesions differed from bone lesions at multiple myeloma. Bone fragments of point and linear type (button sequestration) were visualized in most of the destruction foci. The content of the lesion was low density. There was no extraossal spread from large zones of destruction. There was also spontaneous scarring of the some lesions (without therapy). Thus, the diagnosis of multiple myeloma was excluded on the basis based on x-ray signs, of the duration of osteodestructive syndrome (15 years), the absence of plasma infiltration in the bone marrow, including from foci of bone destruction by open biopsy. This observation proves the possibility of damage to the skeleton due to amyloid deposition and justifies the need to include AL-amyloidosis in the spectrum of differential diagnosis of diseases that occur with osteodestructive syndrome.
Development of the Russian version of quality of life questionnaire in patients with GERD – GERD-HRQL
Authors: Ionova T. I. , Nikitina T. P. , Mayevskaya E. A. , Cheremushkina N. V. , Shaburov R. I. , Kucheryavyy Yu. A. , Maev I. V.
Published: September 2020

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract with long course of the disease and followed by different symptoms significantly reducing quality of life (QoL) in pts. Assessment of QoL in pts with GERD may be of value for comprehensive evaluation of treatment effect as well as for monitoring of pts during treatment course in a real clinical practice.
Aim. Development of the Russian version of GERD-HRQL questionnaire to assess symptomatic outcomes of GERD in research and real clinical practice.
Materials and methods. GERD-HRQL questionnaire (V. Velanovich, USA) consists of 11 items: 10 items for assessment of the most frequent symptoms/problems related with QoL in pts with GERD and 1 item for assessment of patient-reported global satisfaction with health condition.
Results. In accordance with international guidelines, the new language version of the tool may be used in research and clinical practice after cross cultural adaptation, linguistic validation and psychometric testing. This paper presents the results of cross-cultural adaptation and linguistic validation of the Russian version of GERD-HRQL. The following steps of linguistic and cultural adaptation of GERD-HRQL for Russia were conducted after the permission from the author of GERD-HRQL was obtained: forward translation with creation of two forward translations of GERD-HRQL in Russian, reconciliation and expert evaluation of translations of GERD-HRQL in Russian and creation of the preliminary version of GERD-HRQL in Russian, back translation, harmonization, creation of the first test-version of GERD-HRQL in Russian, cognitive debriefing and decentering, creation of the second test-version of GERD-HRQL in Russian, final expert evaluation and development of the final test-version of GERD-HRQL in Russian. Satisfactory face validity of the Russian test-version of GERD-HRQL was shown: face validity indices were 0.98, 0.95, 0.92, and 0.97.
Conclusion. As the result of translation, cross cultural adaptation and linguistic validation, the Russian version of GERD-HRQL for the use in pts with GERD in Russia was developed. The Russian version of GERD-HRQL may be used in research studies and clinical practice after testing its psychometric properties.
Chronic gastrite: modern state of the problem
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Zverkov I. V. , Lvova N. V. , Skibina Yu. S. , Inevatova V. S.
Published: September 2020

Aim. Тo evaluate the modern view on the problem of chronic gastritis and the effectiveness of the drug ursodexic acid (UHC) Grinterol in the treatment of patients with chronic antral reflux-gastritis (biliar).
Materials and methods. The work provides modern ideas about chronic gastritis, the issues of etiology and pathogenesis are considered. Contemporary classifications and the attitude of the authors of the work to them are presented. Clinical studies were conducted in 50 patients with chronic antral reflux-gastritis biliary (32 women and 18 men) between the ages of 20 and 80 years (average age 50.3 to 8.0 years). The treatment uses the drug Grinterol in a daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg of body weight for 4 weeks.
Results. Among patients with chronic antral gastritis isolated patients with reflux-gastritis biliary, the pathogenetic factor of which is the damaging property of aggressive bile acids. The main treatment for such patients are drugs UHC (in this study (this study uses Grinterol at a daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg of body weight); the duration of treatment is 4 years. The overall efficiency (according to endomorphological data) was 76%, according to clinical data 100%.
Discussion. Critical consideration of the classifications used and proposed for consideration indicates that the time has come for the adoption of a new classification with the allocation of reflux-gastritis biliary. Treatment of this form of antral gastritis is effective with UDHC drugs.
Conclusion. the selection of a form of antral reflux-gastritis biliar in a separate classification group is scientifically justified. The results suggest that for the treatment of patients with chronic biliary refluxdrugs of choice are drugs UDHC.
Comparative effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid preparations in the treatment of biliary sludge
Authors: Butorova L. I. , Ardatskaya M. D. , Osadchuk M. A. , Drobysheva A. E. , Zagrebina E. A. , Kadnikova N. G. , Kalashnikova M. A. , Lukianova E. I. , Pavlova L. N. , Plavnik R. G. , Sayutina E. V. , Topchiy T. B. , Trunova S. N. , Tuayeva E. M. , Shustova N. U.
Published: September 2020

In the clinical classification of cholelithiasis, biliary sludge (BS) is distinguished as the pre-stone stage. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a drug with an evidence base for effective and safe effects on BS. The therapeutic equivalence of various UDCA drugs remains an important issue for clinical practice.
Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of UDCA: Ursofalk with other UDCA drugs for the treatment of BS in a fixed dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight.
Material and methods. The observation group consisted of 225 patients with various types of BS. In randomized groups, the comparison of the effectiveness of UDCA drugs in the dissolution of BS was determined by the data of ultrasound of the gallbladder. Dynamic ultrasound cholecystography using a standardized technique was performed to study the effect of the compared drugs on the contractile function of the liver. When analyzing the impact of ursotherapy on the clinical manifestations of BS, the dynamics of biliary pain syndrome and dyspeptic disorders were evaluated.
Results. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of UDCA drugs for BS lysis with a high degree of confidence established the advantage of Ursofalk: after 3 months in 80%, and after 6 months of therapy in 95.65% of patients, a regression of BS was detected. In the group of patients who took other UDCA, the corresponding indicators were 46.36% and 67.27%. The greatest effectiveness of ursotherapy was demonstrated in the BS variant by the type of suspension of hyperechogenic particles, the lowest in the variant by the type of putty-like bile in the form of mobile or fixed clots. In the last variant of BS, the relationship between the success of lysis with the extension of the UDCA intake period to 6 months and the preferred choice of Ursofalk was traced. Normalization of the contractile function of the gallbladder was noted in patients who took Ursofalk.
Conclusion. From the standpoint of therapeutic effectiveness, the drug of choice for the treatment of BS, regardless of its type, is Ursofalk, which has proven the best dynamics of BS litolysis, recovery of the contractile function of the gastrointestinal tract, and relief of clinical symptoms.
Experience of using dupilumab in the treatment of severe asthma
Authors: Ignatova G. L. , Antonov V. N. , Makarova E. A. , Kochetkova S. A.
Published: September 2020

The article provides data on modern approaches to the treatment of patients with severe uncontrolled bronchial asthma with an emphasis on the use of dupilumab, a human recombinant monoclonal antibody to the alpha subunit of the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor, which inhibits signal transmission from both IL-4 and IL-13. The results of dupilumab pivotal randomized clinical trials DRI12544, QUEST and VENTURE are summarized. Indications for use of this medicinal product are listed in Federal Clinical Guidelines on the management of asthma (year of revision 2019). Clinical cases with various clinical course of bronchial asthma are described, including cases with frequent exacerbations. In conclusion, dupilumab could be a treatment of choice for the patients with severe bronchial asthma and it is reasonable from an economic, clinical and pathogenetic point of view.
Analysis of carrying clinically significant allelic variants of TPMT and DPYD genes associated with the response to drug therapy in cancer practice among 9 ethnic groups of the Russian Federation
Authors: Mirzaev K. B. , Fedorinov D. S. , Akmalova K. A. , Abdullaev Sh. P. , Kachanova A. A. , Sozaeva Zh. A. , Grishina E. A. , Shuev G. N. , Kitaeva E. Yu. , Shprakh V. V. , Suleymanov S. Sh. , Bolieva L. Z. , Sozaeva M. S-H. , Zhuchkova S. M. , Gimaldinova N. E. , Sidukova E. E. , Burashnikova I. S. , Shikaleva A. A. , Zabudskaya K. G. , Sychev D. A.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To study the peculiarities of carrying clinically significant allelic variants of TPMT and DPYD genes associated with the response to drug therapy in cancer practice among 9 ethnic groups of the Russian Federation.
Materials and methods. The study included 1446 conditionally healthy volunteers from 9 ethnic groups. Carriage of polymorphic TPMT and DPYD gene markers was detected by the Real-Time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method.
Results. In all ethnic groups, the distribution of genotypes and alleles matched the equilibrium of Hardy-Weinberg. TPMT*3A (rs1800460) and TPMT*3C (rs1142345) were observed in heterozygous state in all investigated ethnic groups. In the Kabardinian group (n=204) the frequency of the TPMT*3A minor allele (MAF, %) was 2.94%; Balkars (n=200) 1.25%; Ossetians (n=239) 1.67%; Chuvashes (n=238) 1.89%: Mari (n=206) 1.21%; Tatars (n=141) 1.77%; Russians (n=134) 4.85%. The frequency of the TPMT*3C minor allele (MAF, %) in the Kabardinian group (n=204) MAF was 4.90%; Balkars (n=200) 1. 75%; Buryats (n=114) 0.44%; Ossetians (n=239) 1.88%; Chuvashes (n=238) 1.68%: Mari (n=206) 1.21%; Tatars (n=141) 1.42%; Russians (n=134) 4.48%. The results of the analysis of DPYD*2A polymorphism (rs3918290) demonstrated ethnic peculiarities of distribution. In the heterozygous state it was found only in the groups of Kabardins (n=204, MAF 1.22%), Balkars (n=200, MAF 2.00%), and Ossetians (n=239, MAF 0.63%).
Conclusion. The results obtained in the study will be useful for developing personalized algorithms of antitumor therapy in cancer practice, including those aimed at increasing the safety of chemotherapy.
European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: features of diagnosis and treatment in Kazan
Authors: Abdulkhakov S. R. , Bordin D. S. , Abdulkhakov R. A. , Safina D. D. , Gizdatullina A. R. , Gimadieva L. Z. , Safina G. M. , Ziyatdinov A. I. , Maturina A. M. , Nyssen O. P. , Megraud F. , O’Morain C. , Perez-Gisbert J.
Published: September 2020

Background. As part of an observational multicenter prospective study European Registry on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, conducted on the initiative of the European H. pylori and Microbiota Study Group, the compliance of clinical practice in the management of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in Kazan with clinical guidelines was assessed.
Materials and methods. The data of 437 patients included into the register by clinical sites in Kazan in 20132019 were analyzed. The methods used for the initial diagnosis of H. pylori infection and eradication control were evaluated. The frequency of various eradication therapy regimens prescription was analyzed in 379 cases. Data regarding the effectiveness of eradication therapy was analyzed in 173 patients.
Results. The rapid urease test (44.2% of cases) and cytology/histology (60% of cases) were most often used for the initial diagnosis of H. pylori infection; however non-invasive methods such as 13C-urea breath (9.2%), serology (6.2%), H. pylori stool antigen test (2.3%) were less common. In 21.7% of patients two methods of H. pylori detection were used for primary diagnosis. The control test to evaluate the effectiveness of eradication therapy at the recommended timepoint was performed in 46.2% of patients. 13C-urea breath test (31.7%), stool PCR/stool antigen test (28.7%), rapid urease test (22.3%), cytology/histology (26.2% of cases) prevailed in the assessment of eradication rate. Standard triple therapy, including proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin was most commonly prescribed as first-line therapy (64.6% of cases). The duration of eradication therapy was 14 days in the majority of cases with pantoprazole as the most common proton pump inhibitor in standard triple therapy regimens (84.8%). The efficacy of 14-day standard triple therapy (mITT) was 87.0%.
Conclusion. The results indicate a high frequency of non-invasive methods use for assessing the effectiveness of eradication therapy; however, the overall rate of eradication efficacy assessment is low, limiting the possibility of analyzing the eradication results. The effectiveness of the most common 14-day standard triple first-line therapy in Kazan doesnt reach the recommended 90% eradication level. This could be explained by high rate of pantoprazole use, which is not an optimal proton pump inhibitor in eradication therapy regimens.
Food patterns in Russian patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: the results of pilot comparative study
Authors: Kropochev V. S. , Morozov S. V. , Lantseva M. A. , Sasunova A. N. , Pilipenko V. I. , Isakov V. A.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To evaluate nutritional patterns in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) compared to the control group without GERD.
Materials and methods. The data of complex examination of patients referred to perform esophageal pH-impedance recording and who gave written informed consent to participate in the study served as a source data. All the participants underwent complex examination, including clinical data (presence of heartburn and acid regurgitation), symptom evaluation (GERD-Q questionnaire), esophagogastroscopy, esophageal pH-impedance recordings and food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosis of GERD was based on GERD-Q score 8, acid exposure time 6%, number of gastroesophageal refluxes 80/day by 24-hrs esophageal pH-impedance recordings. Nutritional patterns were assessed with the use of healthy eating pyramid principles.
Results. Overall 165 patients were enrolled and the data of 150 of them (34 with confirmed GERD and 116 of the control group) were available for the final analysis. The patients of the both groups consumed lower compared to the recommended amounts of dairy and higher amounts of meat. Those with GERD consumed larger amounts of fruits (0.910.68 compared to the values of healthy eating pyramid vs 0.520.57 in the control group, p=0.001), and fats (0.690.55 vs 0.490.55, p=0.001). Compared to the controls, patients with GERD consumed lower amounts of vegetables (0.860.46 of the healthy eating pyramid vs 0.940.63 in the control group, р=0.004) and sugars confectionaries (0.380.39 vs 1.930.98, p=0.0001).
Conclusion. Nutritional patterns of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease significantly differ compared to the control group. The obtained data may be used for diet modification in patients with arterial hypertension.
The treatment of tuberculosis under current conditions
Authors: Sinitsyn M. V. , Kalinina M. V. , Belilovskiy E. M. , Galstyan A. S. , Reshetnikov M. N. , Plotkin D. V.
Published: September 2020

Aim. Study of the current state of problems of treatment of patients with tuberculosis based on literature data and their own experience.
Materials and methods. In the Russian Federation, the number and proportion of patients with co-infection with HIV/tuberculosis continues to increase against the background of improvement in the main epidemiological indicants for tuberculosis. In 2017, 20.9% of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients had HIV infection. The combination of the two infections significantly complicates the further improvement of the situation with tuberculosis, and the appearance of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sometimes completely neutralizes the results of chemotherapy. The article describes the schemes of modern tuberculosis chemotherapy taking into account HIV/tuberculosis co-infection, as well as MDR in combination with surgical treatment methods, as well as analyzes the data of epidemiological monitoring of treatment of 1115 tuberculosis patients newly diagnosed in 2017 in Moscow, 360 tuberculosis patients with MDR MBT (cohort 20132014), the results of treatment with the use of new chemotherapy regimens for tuberculosis (bedaquiline, linezolid, moxifloxacin) in 36 patients, the effectiveness and safety of surgical methods in 192 patients.
Results. The application of new individualized anti-TB chemotherapy schedules in patients with HIV co-infection/tuberculosis with MDR-MBT has allowed to improve the treatment efficacy. The surgical intervention combined with modern chemotherapy regimens in patients with HIV/tuberculosis co-infection with MDR MBT has been proved to be effective and safe, contributes to the improving the results of treatment for this category of patients.
Conclusion. The confluence of two global problems of co-infection HIV/TB and MDR TB, significantly prevents from the end of the tuberculosis epidemic in the world. At the same time, advances in the development and implementation of new anti-TB drugs and surgical treatment methods give hope for significant progress for resolving this situation.
Evaluation and management of infectious esophagitis in immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent individuals
Authors: Trukhmanov A. S. , Makushina A. A. , Storonova O. A. , Ivashkina N. Yu.
Published: September 2020

Among the many causes of the inflammatory process in the esophagus, infectious diseases are becoming increasingly important due to their steady growth. Previously esophageal infections have traditionally been associated with immunodeficiency syndromes, but now in clinical practice, these disorders are becoming increasingly recognized in immunocompetent individuals. Early diagnosis of infectious esophagitis is necessary to develop effective treatment tactics, and, as a result, reduce the risk of complications and adverse outcomes of the disease. This study reviewed the most clinical relevant pathogens of infectious esophagitis, both among patients with immunodeficiency and among healthy individuals. Specific diagnostic, risk factors, clinical presentation and therapeutic features were considered depending on the immune status of patients.
Clinical features of the comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and gallstone disease
Authors: Cherkashchenko N. A. , Livzan M. A. , Krolevets T. S.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To determine the diagnostic value of clinical features of the comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstone disease (GD) to improve the effectiveness of patient management.
Materials and methods. 183 patients with NAFLD were included into the open comparative study. The main group was represented by patients with NAFLD and GD (n=88), of which 53 patients underwent cholecystectomy (CE). The comparison group was represented by patients with NAFLD without GD (n=95). A standard laboratory and instrumental examinations were performed, including elastometry to assess of the stage of liver fibrosis.
Results. There were more women in the main group (2=8.48; p0.01). There were positive correlations between the age of patients and the duration of NAFLD with the presence of GD and CE (rs=0.135; p0.01 and rs=0.168; p0.01 respectively). Patients of the main group had the general weakness and fatigue (2=11.33, rs=0.234; p0.01 and 2=15.68, rs=0.281; p0.01 respectively), as well as a bitter taste in the mouth (2=11.66; p0.01; rs=0.147; p0.01). Coronary heart disease was diagnosed more often among people suffering from NAFLD and GD (25% vs 9.47% in patients of the comparison group, p0.01). Both of NAFLD and GD were associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (rs=0.164; p0.01). Individuals suffering from GD after CE had higher LDL and GGT values (rs=0.228; p0.01 and rs=0.298; p0.01 respectively). The number of people with advanced fibrosis were significantly higher (26.31%) in the GD group, especially among people after CE (30.18%). The stage of liver fibrosis had a positive significant relationship with CE (rs=0.366; p0.01).
Conclusion. Patients suffering from GD and NAFLD had a symptom of dyspepsia and general weakness. High prevalence of type 2 diabetes and сoronary heart disease, high level of LDL and GGT were found in patients with GD and after CE. CE in patients suffering from GD and NAFLD was associated with the formation of progressive stages of liver fibrosis.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: issues of the liver fibrosis diagnostics
Authors: Anisonyan A. V. , Sandler Yu. G. , Khaimenova T. Yu. , Keyan V. A. , Saliev K. G. , Sbikina E. S. , Vinnitskaya E. V.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To evaluate the frequency of liver fibrosis progression to stage 34 among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes and obesity, to identify predictors of severe liver fibrosis, to propose an algorithm for diagnosing fibrosis in this category of patients.
Materials and methods. 160 patients with NAFLD, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity and 50 patients with NAFLD without diabetes were comprehensively examined. Patients underwent laboratory examination (clinical blood test, biochemical analysis, immunoglobulins G, M, autoantibody assay, coagulogram), liver ultrasound. All patients underwent determination of the liver fibrosis stage by two methods: the serological test FibroMax and indirect ultrasound elastometry of the liver; 40 patients underwent a liver biopsy. Statistical data processing was performed using the programming language and statistical calculations R: we used correlation analysis, multiple logistic regression method, one-way analysis of variance, multi-factor analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis method, and comparison of the number of patients using the Fisher test.
Results. DM is a risk factor for the liver fibrosis progression in patients with NAFLD. Significant markers of severe fibrosis in this category of patients are increased levels of GGTP, haptoglobin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, lower platelet and prothrombin levels. Obesity and isolated steatosis without steatohepatitis are not markers of severe liver fibrosis at present, but obesity can be considered a risk factor for the progression of fibrosis in the future.
Conclusion. All patients with NAFLD in combination with diabetes need screening to detect advanced liver fibrosis: it is advisable to determine the levels of GGTP, haptoglobin and alpha-2-macroglobulin.
Association of nutritional patterns and arterial hypertension in Russia: does it exist?
Authors: Lantseva M. A. , Sasunova A. N. , Vlasova A. V. , Kropochev V. S. , Pilipenko V. I. , Morozov S. V. , Isakov V. A.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To evaluate nutritional patterns in patient with arterial hypertension (AH) compared to the control group without elevated blood pressure.
Materials and methods. Retrospective search for unique records of the patients aged 1875 y.o. with complete data on usual nutrition with food frequency methods who had no mentions of diabetes mellitus, food intolerance or allergies, and history of major abdominal surgery, as well as signs of secondary reasons of AH. Nutritional patterns were assessed with the use of healthy eating pyramid principles. Ststistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 13.0 for Windows software (SPSS Inc., USA).
Results. The data of 711 patients were available for the final analysis (595 of them in AH group). Both groups consumed lower compared to the recommended amounts of fruits, dairy and higher amounts of meat. Those with AH consumed larger amounts of vegetables (1.130.74 compared to the values of healthy eating pyramid vs 0.940.63 in the control group; p=0.004), fruits (0.800.66 vs 0.520.57; p=0.001), meat (1.851.05 vs 1.620.91; p=0.002) and fats (0.770.60 vs 0.490.55; p=0.001). On the other hand, there were lower rates of consumption of sugars, and confectionaries in the structure of nutritional patterns in patients with AH compared to the control group: (0.350.44 of the healthy eating pyramid in AH vs 1.930.98, in the control group; p=0.0001).
Conclusion. Nutritional patterns of patients with arterial hypertension significantly differ compared to the control group. The obtained data may be used for diet modification in patients with arterial hypertension.
A predictive model to calculate the probability of placental abruption in patients with initially low obstetric risk
Authors: Frolova Nataly I. , Belokrinitskaya Tatiana E.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To develop a predictive model to calculate the probability of placental abruption development in patients with initially low obstetric risk by using a multidimensional mathematical analysis of anamnestic, clinical, and genetic data.
Materials and methods. This logistic model is based on 212 observations. This study included two groups of healthy women aged 1835 years without a history of spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, stillbirth, preeclampsia, or other complications. The first group was comprised of 112 women with a history of a placental abruption (patient group), and the second group consisted of 100 women with non-complicated pregnancy (control group). Gene polymorphisms were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-real time technique. The data was analyzed using binary and multifactorial statistical mathematics. Our analysis of the predictive models was performed by using logistic regression. To determine the diagnostic value of the predictive models used, the ROC-curve is followed by determining the area under it (AUC).
Results. The 24 anamnestic, clinical, and genotypic characteristics were examined as placental abruption predictors using multifactorial analysis. We were able to determine what the nine most informative predictors of placental abruption were according to Wald Chi-Square criteria (2, р): fetal growth restriction (13.143; р0.001), placental insufficiency (9.629; р=0.002), male sex of the fetus (6.965; р=0.008), preeclampsia (6.779; р=0.009), combination of genotypes PAI-1-5G4G/FV-1691GA (6.613; р=0.010) or PAI-1-5G4G/MTHFR-677CT (6.158; р=0.013), pathology of amnion (4.497; р=0.034), infectious diseases in pregnancy (4.277; р=0.039), tobacco smoking (3.963; р=0.047). ROC analysis identified a high specificity (82.64%) and sensitivity (77.42%) of the model, and the integral index of the effectiveness of predictive markers (AUC=0.836), according to the expert scale of values which is indicative of a very high quality model.
Conclusion. It is recommended to use this elaborated predictive model in clinical practice for the purpose of individual risk assessment of placental abruption in healthy patients with initially low obstetric risk.