bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
浅谈环境监测在生态环保中的作用及发展措施
Authors: 王 洪乾
Published: July 2020

自改革开放以来,我国社会经济一直保持着高速发展的态势,但在这一历程中,资源的大量消耗以及生态环境的破坏也为我国经济的可持续发展埋下了隐患。因此在新时期下,我国开始探求保障经济发展的同时兼顾生态环境保护的道路。本文将探讨环境监测在生态环境保护中的作用及其未来发展的具体方向和措施。
地下水污染治理技术的进展
Authors: 罗 艳
Published: July 2020

地下水是重要的水资源组成部分,对于人类日常生活有着极为重要的地位和作用。但是目前,受到城市污染以及工业污染等一些列因素的多方影响,地下水环境遭受到了非常大的破坏。这就对人类的生存环境也构成了一部分的威胁。以下文章将对地下水污染的处理工作进行技术上的建议,其中包含了物理处理法,水动力控制法,抽出处理法以及原位处理法等。作为治理技术的前景,原位处理法成为了当下最具有研究价值的技术。
环境空气质量现状分析及治理策略
Authors: 郭 艳萍
Published: July 2020

空气质量治理作为空气污染防治工作的重点内容,在其实际治理过程中,必须结合实际,采取相应的治理策略对其进行有效治理,基于此,本文对环境空气质量现状分析及治理策略进行了探讨分析。
3S技术及在生态环境监测中的应用研究
Authors: 梅 正开
Published: July 2020

3S技术是科学技术发展下的必然产物,在目前很多领域中均得到广泛应用。本文就将重点对3S技术在生态环境监测中的应用展开分析探讨,以期提高监测水平,加快环境治理效率。
试析防雷检测的重要性及防雷措施
Authors: 陆 达
Published: July 2020

我国幅员辽阔,各地区的地理环境和气候环境差异较大。这种环境差异也使得各地区发生气象灾害的概率各不相同。气象灾害不仅会造成无法估量的经济损失,还会对公众生命财产安全构成威胁。由此,气象灾害监测预防工作显得尤为重要。故而本文就针对防雷检测的重要性及防雷措施进行了论述,以供参考。
环境监测中环境监测仪器的具体运用
Authors: 李 经纬
Published: July 2020

现在人们生产技术水平的不断提高,使我国污染物的数量也在逐步增加,越来越多的现代仪器分析技术被应用到了我国环境检测的相关领域内,以提高检测结果的准确度以及灵敏度的研究,其目的是希望通过一个准确的、健康的、精确的手段,对于环境进行合理的监测。从中获得科学的真实性有效数据,使人们对环境进一步合理保护。
火电厂烟气脱硫脱硝技术应用及节能环保措施
Authors: 何 龚
Published: July 2020

在现代化社会的快速发展中,我国环境污染问题越来越严重,大气污染物主要是二氧化硫、氮氧化物,导致各个城市出现了严重的雾霾天气,严重威胁着人民群众的身体健康,相关部门必须采取相应的措施进行治理。通常情况下,有害气体的主要来源是火电厂,在实际发电过程中会排放出大量烟气,为了改善这一问题,火电厂在生产过程中可以引进烟气脱硫脱硝技术,文章主要对火电厂烟气脱硫脱硝技术应用及节能环保措施进行了分析。
环境监测工作在环境影响评价中的有效应用
Authors: 倪 天泽
Published: July 2020

目前我国社会经济日益发展,各个行业也同步迅速发展,与此同时,环境污染问题越来越严重,并引起了相关部门的重视,有关部门应及时做好环境监测工作,我们可以根据其结果进行环境影响评价。环境影响评价主要是针对设计规划建设项目会带来的环境影响,进行分析、预判和评估,并提出相应的预防措施和应对措施,及时跟踪调查。所以,有关部门在重视环保的同时应不断提升环保水平,实现环境与社会的协调发展。
大遗址保护区内考古遗址公园概念设计——以凌家滩遗址为例
Authors: 钟 瑾
Published: July 2020

考古遗址公园是大遗址保护与发掘的衍生,是大遗址保护的重要方法之一,针对大遗址不同的保护范围划分,考古遗址公园的功能分布有所不同。本文基于此,以凌家滩遗址为例,通过对大遗址范围的划分来探讨凌家滩考古遗址公园的概念设计,为未来考古遗址公园规划设计与发展提供借鉴。
关于建设美丽乡村的对策研究
Authors: 王 英
Published: July 2020

美丽乡村建设是广大农村群众对美好生活的需要,是适应新时代发展的必然要求。通过几年来的不断努力,我县美丽乡村建设取得了可喜成绩,农村面貌发生了很大的变化,正在向着生态宜居的总体目标迈进。通过对法库县美丽乡村建设情况的调研,对美丽乡村建设现状和存在问题进行了分析和梳理,并提出对策和建议。
基于交互式电子白板环境下的生成性教学方式初探
Authors: 于 月兰 , 任 科
Published: July 2020

“基于交互式电子白板环境下的生成性教学”是一种结合了先进的交互式电子白板技术和信息化资源的一种开放式教学方式。具体来讲,是指在有交互式电子白板的环境中,通过师生合作探究,生生合作探究,师、生通过交互式式电子白板为中间媒介合作探究,在探究中通过语言、技能的交流和思想的碰撞,生成课堂学习目标、教学内容、教学方法、学习方法的一种教学方式。
利用“VR”技术来锻炼运动员的本体感觉的应用研究——以体操和武术运动员为例
Authors: 刘 吉焕
Published: July 2020

“VR”技术作为一种高科技它能让体验者全身心地投入到一个虚拟的环境中,身临其境,甚至让你的所见,所闻都如同真的一般。然而在体操和武术这两个项目中有许多的高难度动作,在做这些动作时主要是人体的本体感觉以及位置觉等协调肢体的各个部位来共同完成。就两者所产生的感觉而言它们是相通的,也就意味着“VR”技术开发到体育运动、教学、训练、比赛中将面临新的机遇和挑战。
任务型教学法在计算机英语教学中的应用分析
Authors: 秦 丹维
Published: July 2020

我国高职院校的计算机英语教学中,一直采用的是传统的教学模式,教师以传授词汇和语法为主,忽视了学生的专业技能培养。在全球经济不断发展的今天,如果学生只能理解语言的相关理论,不能合理科学的使用语言,这种脱离社会需求的计算机英语教学是毫无意义的。任务型教学法则是让学生围绕既定的教学任务,通过各种方式运用语言去达到交流和沟通的目的,有利于培养学生的学习兴趣和创造力。
“微时代”背景下高校辅导员思政教育工作分析
Authors: 李 晨 , 王 天航
Published: July 2020

在微时代的背景下,信息技术改变了人们的生活方式。微时代为辅导员思政工作带来了极大的机遇,信息技术在辅导员的思政工作中发挥着至关重要的作用。高校辅导员是思政工作的直接执行者,在微时代的前提下如何完善思政教育工作,如何更好的引导大学生思想行为,为高校培养优秀人才。本文就微时代背景下高校辅导员的思政教育工作进行分析和探究,并根据具体情况提出一系列应对策略,从而更好的促进高校辅导员思政教育工作。
BOPPPS教学模型在美国历史教学中的运用
Authors: 周 密
Published: July 2020

在“以学为中心”教学理念的背景下,要突出学生在教学中的参与性和主体性。需要教师在教学中尝试新的教学方法,转变传统教学思维。BOPPPS教学模型在美国历史教学中的运用,以具体章节的知识点为例,将BOPPPS教学模型的各个要素与教学内容的契合。
教育史课程在高校教育类专业教学改革中的探究
Authors: 周 子君
Published: July 2020

自2010年国家发布教育改革纲要以来,高校教学改革一直作为常态化任务存在。高校教育类专业肩负着培养祖国下一代的重任,此领域的教学改革有不可小觑的意义。本研究以促进高校教育类专业教学改革为出发点,根据实践教学经验,针对教学目标,手段,评价等方面提出建议,以期提升高校教育类专业学生的理论素养,从而提高人才培养质量。
科技创新型智能制造人才“四位一体”分层培养模式研究
Authors: 解 淑英 , 张 萍 , 王 德兰 , 常 雪莲 , 汤 少岩 , 曹 伟
Published: July 2020

以烟台汽车工程职业学院整车与零部件智能制造专业群为例,从专业群岗位面向出发,以培养德智体美劳全面发展的智能制造创新人才为目标,构建了由“通识－核心－专项”的三层课程体系、“三层次、三结合”能力递进的实践教学体系、“课程+活动”的素质养成体系、“基础教育+专业教育+实践教育”的创新创业体系为基本模块的“四位一体”人才分层培养模式,将品德教育、素质养成融入人才培养全过程,探索专业群内的学分互认,为创新型智能制造人才质量提升规划了全方位培养路径。
智慧教育视角下基于雨课堂的微型移动课程设计研究
Authors: 胡 依婷
Published: July 2020

随着移动互联技术的快速发展,生活节奏的不断加快,微型移动课程的开发是现在时代背景下值得探索的一种新型的教育模式。文章分析了微型移动课程的现存问题,在智慧教育理念的指导下,从课前、课中、课后三个环节展开,设计基于雨课堂的智慧课堂教学活动,以期实现微型课程与移动学习的有效结合,探索一种在智慧教育理念指导下的微型移动的设计与开发方法。
来华留学生学费及其定价机制现状研究综述
Authors: 王 镱儒 , 万 学红
Published: July 2020

来华留学生教育迅速发展,留学生学费如何调整以及学费定价机制逐渐受到人们的关注。本文以中国学术期刊网络出版总库CNKI收录的相关文献为样本来源,从研究方法、研究内容和研究结果等方面进行梳理和分析。研究发现学界对来华留学生学费研究的关注度不够,缺乏实证研究且研究方法较为单一。本文建议应该更加重视来华留学生学费定价方面的研究,未来需要更多的多学科研究和实证研究。
中学英语教学中的德育融合对策
Authors: 矫 照旭
Published: July 2020

新课改全面推行的教育背景下,我国的教育目的不再片面重视提升学习对知识的掌握水平及应对考试的能力,更侧重于培养学生在思想、文化、道德等层面的表现,使学生具备一定的综合能力及素质,而学生的德育教育也因此受到了一定的重视。对于中学英语教学而言,如何在教育过程中实现智育及德育的融合,就成了每个中学英语教师必然要考虑的重点内容。基于此,本文将对中学英语教学中的德育融合对策进行探讨。
论公理化思想与中学数学教育
Authors: 陈 先康
Published: July 2020

公理化思想来源于几何学,是研究数学的重要方法,其从尽可能少的基本概念和不证自明的公理出发,通过纯逻辑推理,把一门学科建立成为演绎系统。另一方面,新课改下,中学数学教育更注重逻辑思维能力和创新性正是公理化思想的核心和精华。所以,在中学数学教学中讲授公理化思想是必要且可行的。本文将从公理化思想在减负政策推行和逻辑思维能力培养中的积极作用出发,阐述公理化思想在中学数学教育中不可或缺的重要地位。
充分发挥历史课堂教学的育人功能
Authors: 贾 绍琼
Published: July 2020

国家和社会越来越重视历史学科对于学生成长和学习中的重要性,越来越注重历史教师充分发挥历史课堂教学的育人功能。历史教师需要通过发挥历史学科的特点,潜移默化地对学生的情感和价值观方面进行积极影响。本文通过分析历史课堂教学中的育人功能,和广大历史教师一起讨论和分享教学经验。
高中英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养策略
Authors: 陈 珊珊
Published: July 2020

在新课程教育教学改革的大背景下,高中英语教学模式也应该发生一定的变化,基础知识教学、学生英语学科素养培养逐渐成为教师关注的重点内容。现阶段,教师需要树立现代化教学理念,将学生自主学习能力的培养作为重点内容,引导学生根据学习目标积极参与学习活动,不断提高学生的自主学习和探究能力,体会到高中英语学习的趣味性,文章主要针对高中英语教学中学生自主学习能力的培养策略,以推动高中英语教学的持续发展。
小学数学复习课中思维导图的应用教学
Authors: 石 兴隆
Published: July 2020

思维导图运用图文并重的技巧,把各级主题的关系用相互隶属与相关的层级图表现出来,把主题关键词与图像、颜色等建立记忆链接。色彩丰富、形状多变的自由式图画,特别适合于以形象思维为主的小学生。学生在色彩与图形的刺激下,会把枯燥乏味的复习转变成生动有趣的绘画。这种“寓教于乐”的教学形式,有助于唤起他们对复习课的兴趣。
浅谈高中英语词汇教学策略的整合运用
Authors: 张 立蓉
Published: July 2020

英语词汇教学是我们每一个英语教师在教学中都要面临的问题,如何让学生在一定时间内记住更多的单词,而且牢固地掌握它们的用法,这是一个学生感到头疼的问题,也是每一个教师要帮助学生破解的难题。因此,探寻一些切实可行的词汇教学策略,有助于提高学生记忆单词及用法的能力,从而提高我们的课堂教学效率。
简论小学班主任开展班级管理工作的策略
Authors: 田 川
Published: July 2020

在我国目前的小学班级管理过程中,部分班主任习惯于站在自身的角度来采取管理方式,对学生进行相关的管理和教育,而忽视了与学生之间进行有效的沟通和交流,这样很容易引起班主任与学生这两者之间的矛盾,逐步导致了学生对班主任的管理工作产生反对心理和厌倦情绪。面对以上情况,小学班主任要积极改变自身的管理方式,与学生之间建立起更加和谐友爱的师生关系,使学生能够充分地感受到被尊重和理解,以此促进班主任班级管理工作的有效进行。
基于网络背景下提升思政教学工作成效的主要策略
Authors: 赵 晨曦
Published: July 2020

伴随着网络时代的到来,人们生活的各个方面都产生了巨大的变化,网络时代的到来不仅仅转变了人类传统的生活方式,同时也为思政教学工作带来了全新的发展机遇和挑战。此时,在思政教育工作中再运用传统的思政教育观念、教育内容、教育方法、教育手段都难以紧跟时代发展的步伐。由此,本文主要从思政教育工作发展的现实情况入手,探讨网络背景下思政教育工作的创新策略,为进一步推动思政教学的持续创新打下坚实的理论基础和实践经验。
浅析中职学校德育教育手段和方法
Authors: 郝 玉彦
Published: July 2020

德育教育是我国一项十分重要的民族传统,同时也是我国教育工作的核心思想和教育内容。随着现代教学理念的不断提升,德育教育成为当前教育领域重点研究的课题之一。中职学校是我国专业技能人才输出的重要源泉,加强德育教育是新时期高素质复合型人才培养的基本需求,同时也是中职学校创新发展的必经之路。本文就中职学校德育教育工作进行全面探讨和研究,希望为相关领域从业者提供必要的参考和帮助。
隐喻与大学英语词汇学习
Authors: 陈 泽 , 宋 娟
Published: July 2020

隐喻是语言的一种普遍现象,是文化与语言的载体,人们的日常交流离不开隐喻。词汇是语言的基本单位,是隐喻在语言文化中最基本的体现。本文通过对隐喻的相关分析,提出将隐喻运用在英语词汇学习中的方案,并且该方案可以解决当代大学生在英语词汇学习中遇到的诸多问题。
锻炼隐喻能力对词汇学习的意义
Authors: 王 永霞 , 王 娟 , 宋 娟
Published: July 2020

词汇学习是学生掌握一门语言的基础环节。朱菊芬曾提出：学生词汇量的多少和词汇能力的高低,直接影响学生读写听说能力的发展。而现阶段学生大多采取死记硬背的方式记忆单词,这样容易忽视词汇与其文化背景之间的联系且难以记牢英语中常见的一词多义现象。本文则围绕概念隐喻理论的引入对英语专业生的英语词汇记忆效率是否具有提高作用展开探讨。
中职汽车维修专业教学应用“项目教学法”的实践思考
Authors: 祁 美娜
Published: July 2020

中职汽修专业教学的主要目标是培养学生实践能力,以为社会输入应用型人才。项目教学法可以将理论与实践结合,提升教学效果,为此,此方法得到了广泛应用。本文首先对项目教学法进行了简要介绍,之后对其特征进行了详细阐述,最后给出了具体应用建议,以供参考。
Forensic Autopsy is reviewed from the Aspects of Ethics, Medicolegal and Humanities
Authors: Suryadi Taufik , Kulsum Kulsum
Published: July 2020

This article is motivated by the importance of learning about forensic autopsy. A forensic autopsy is carried out on the body of someone suspected of dying due to an unnatural cause such as in cases of accidents, homicides, or suicide. Forensic autopsy includes external and internal examinations relating to respect for a deceased human body. The controversy surrounding autopsy often occurs in the community. For reasons of culture, customs and religion, there is often a refusal to do autopsy. This article discusses the importance of autopsy and aspects related to ethics, humanities and medicolegal. The medicolegal police asked to do a forensic autopsy on forensic medicine experts to find the cause of death of the victim. The purpose of this article explains about the ethical, medicolegal and humanities aspects related to forensic autopsy.
Influences of Career Planning, Leadership and Organizational Culture towards Employee Work Effectiveness
Authors: Rizanuddin Hafni
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted at the Regional Civil Service Agency of Majalengka Regency. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of career planning, organizational culture and the leadership simultaneously and partially to the effectiveness of employee work. The methods used in this research are descriptive and verification methods. The primary data collection was conducted using census techniques, i.e. the entire population was used as the subject of research.  Data sources in this research are primary and secondary data, with data analysis techniques using path analysis. The results showed that career planning conducted by Regional Civil Service Agency of Majalengka Regency is well-perceived; the leadership of the Regional Civil Service Agency of Majalengka Regency is well perceived. That is, the leader of Regional  Civil Service Agency of Majalengka Regency has been carrying out his tasks and functions fairly well, especially in order to improve the basic task of Regional  Civil Service Agency in providing public services; the organizational culture that makes up the organizational values and norms is well-perceived; Employees at Regional  Civil Service Agency of Majalengka Regency are assessed as effective in carrying out their daily work; Career planning is verification a positive and significant influence on the effectiveness of employee work; Leadership proved to have a positive and significant influence on employee work effectiveness; The organizational culture is empirically positive and significant influence on the effectiveness of work; Simultaneously between career planning, leadership and organizational culture affects positively and significantly to the effectiveness of the work.
REKLAMA HUKUKİ AÇIDAN BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: ÇATALOĞLU Burcu Bahar
Published: July 2020

Reklam, Amerikan Pazarlama Birliği tarafından belirli bir kişi, şirket ya da organizasyon tarafından kitle iletişim araçlarına ücreti ödenmiş yahut bağışlanmış bir zaman veya yere yerleştirilen duyuru ya da ikna edici mesaj olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Tüketici açısından reklam, kendilerine ürün ve markalar hakkında bilgileri sunma, zamandan tasarruf etmelerini sağlama, üretici ve tüketici arasında diyalog kurma bakımından önem taşır. Yoğun rekabet ortamında var olmaya çalışan işletmeler açısından ise reklam, rakiplerine göre öne geçme, pazar payını büyütme yahut mevcut payı koruma gibi amaçlara hizmet eder. Reklam, son olarak genel ekonomi açısından da oldukça önemlidir. Reklam yoluyla talep yaratılmakta ya da arttırılmakta, bu sayede istihdam, üretim, çeşitlilik ve kalitenin de atışı sağlanmaktadır.
İnsanlar arasında alışverişin başlamasıyla ortaya çıkan reklam düşüncesi, öncelikle sesli reklam olarak başlamış, matbaanın icadından sonra basılı reklamlar görülmeye başlamıştır. Nihayet, giderek gelişen teknoloji ve buna bağlı olarak değişen kitle iletişim araçları yoluyla; günümüzde akla gelebilecek her mecrada reklamcılık faaliyetleri yapılmaktadır.
Hukuk düzeni, hem reklamı yapan-yaptıran tarafın, hem de reklama maruz kalan tarafın hak ve özgürlüklerini güvence altına almak için birtakım düzenlemeler getirmiştir. Reklamların genel kitleyi yönlendirmesinin önemine binaen, olumsuzların önemine geçebilmek adına denetime tabi tutulmaları bir gereklilik olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Bu bağlamda gerek ulusal, gerekse uluslararası düzenlemelerde reklama ilişkin temel esaslar belirlenmiştir. Bu düzenlemelerin amacı hem tüketiciyi korumak, hem de haksız rekabetin önüne geçmektir. Bu çerçevede ülkemizde çeşitli kuruluşlar reklamların denetimini gerçekleştirmekte ve kimi yaptırımlar uygulamaktadır.
İşbu çalışma kapsamında reklam kavramı ve tarihi gelişimine değinildikten sonra, reklamlar hukuki açıdan incelenecek ve denetime ilişkin ülkemizde yer alan kuruluşlar tanıtılarak kimi örnek kararlara yer verilecektir.
KURUMSAL YÖNETİM ARACI OLARAK BAĞIMSIZ YÖNETİM KURULU ÜYELİĞİ: TAM BAĞIMSIZLIK MÜMKÜN MÜ?
Authors: KANDEMİR Hatice Kübra
Published: July 2020

Dünya genelinde kurumsal yönetim alanında benimsenmiş bir yönetim aracı olan bağımsız yönetim kurulu üyeliği uygulamasına, ülkemizde de 6362 sayılı Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu’nda ve Kurumsal Yönetim Tebliği No. II-17.’nin ekinde yer alan Kurumsal Yönetim İlkelerinde yer verilmiştir. 6102 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda ise bağımsız yönetim kurulu üyelerine ilişkin Sermaye Piyasası Kanunu mevzuatında yer alan hükümlerin uygulanacağı belirtilmiştir. Buna göre, halka açık şirketlerinin yönetim kurullarında en az iki üyenin icrada görev almayan bağımsız üyeden oluşması öngörülmüştür. Bağımsız yöneticilerin yönetim kurullarındaki temel rolü, icradan sorumlu olan üyelerin faaliyetlerini izlemek ve şirket stratejisinin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır. Bu çalışmada, bağımsız yönetim kurulu üyeliği için tasarlanan temel işlevleri özellikle yönetim kontrolünü elinde bulunduran pay sahiplerinin olduğu şirketler açısından sorgulanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, bağımsız yönetim kurulu üyeliğinin etkinliğinin önündeki başlıca engeller tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada tam bağımsızlık için öne sürülen azlığın yönetim kurulunda temsil edilmesi önerileri irdelenmiş ve bu önerilerin eksik yanları değerlendirilmiştir.
THE IMPORTANCE OF LEGAL KNOWLEDGE IN SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION PROCESS
Authors: GÜNEŞ PESCHKE Seldağ , PESCHKE Lutz
Published: July 2020

Legal knowledge has great importance in every step of production and management. During the process of sustainable developments, a close relation between innovation process and law has to be considered. Every step of the innovation process and management depends on legal regulations. The engineers, producers, managers should be aware of law, to avoid problems in the future and not to make mistakes in the production and innovation process. To know the regulations help them in various ways. Accordingly, the knowledge about rights and obligations helps them to negotiate safely with the other parties. They know about the boundaries of their liabilities what they are working on. They keep the protection of their work especially on legal regulations. Additionally, during the production phase the protection of environment has to be considered. There are many international agreements which are signed by the States on environment, climate change, sustainability, waste management, renewable energy, etc. Managers and directors in the innovation process need to know about these complex issues. In this paper, the quintuple helix innovation model will be introduced which describes innovation process based on knowledge circulation between academia, industry, politics and the media- and culture based public for sustainable developments. Afterwards, relevant legal aspects of sustainable innovation process will be clarified by giving examples from the practice in national and international level.
ANLAŞMALI BOŞANMA PROTOKOLÜNÜN TAŞINMAZLAR ÜZERİNDEKİ AYNÎ HAKLARA İLİŞKİN HÜKÜMLERİ İLE İLGİLİ BAZI HUKUKİ SORUNLAR
Authors: DEMİRBAŞ Feride
Published: July 2020

Anlaşmalı boşanma, evlilik birliğini sürdüremeyen eşlerin daha hızlı ve kolay biçimde boşanmalarını sağlayan bir yargılama faaliyetidir. Eşler arasında belirli içerik ve nitelikte akdedilen bir anlaşmanın hâkim tarafından uygun bulunması ile boşanma ve anlaşmada kararlaştırılan konular hakkında istenen hukuki sonuca ulaşılabilmektedir. Eşler arasında “boşanma protokolü” olarak adlandırılan anlaşmanın, eşlerden birine ait bir taşınmazın mülkiyetinin diğer eşe veya üçüncü kişiye devrini ya da taşınmaz üzerinde sınırlı ayni hak tesis edilmesini içeren hükümleri bulunabilir. Bu takdirde ayni hakkın kazanılıp kazanılmaması ve kazanılma zamanı, protokolün hâkim tarafından ne şekilde uygun bulunmuş olduğuna göre farklılık taşımaktadır. Protokol hükümlerinin boşanma hükmünün içeriğine dâhil olma biçimi, hukuki sürecin sonraki aşamalarını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Çoğu zaman ayni hakkın elde edilebilmesi, ikinci bir davanın açılmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, boşanma protokolünün boşanma kararı ile ilişkisini, protokolde ayni haklara ilişkin yükümlülüklerin yerine getirilmemesinin hukuki sonuçlarını tespit etmek, konuya ilişkin yargı uygulamasındaki bir takım aksaklıklara işaret ederek hukuki çözümler önermektir.
THE FRAGILE RELATION BETWEEN THE CONSTITUTION AND SOCIETY: GLASS and SILVER
Authors: YÜKSEL Anil Güven
Published: July 2020

The idea of the modern constitution, which emerged with the secularization of political power, was born from the understanding that this new power, which does not derive its source from divine grounds, should again be limited by the superior nondivine rules of the human mind. Thus, every new beginning of societies after this intellectual break has been crowned with a new constitutional text; It has become common practice to accompany these texts with the preambles that describe the philosophy, legitimacy and spirit of the new order in a literal language. Although it is widely accepted that constitutions reflect the society’s general will, this new relationship between the society and constitution, which is usually produced after some national or global struggles, is fragile. Essentially, the text of the constitution is like a thin glass, through which the political and legal grounds behind can be seen. The preambles, on the other hand, undertake the function of the material called “silver”, which transforms the glass into mirror with the holy, emotional and literary expressions found in its content. Silvered by the traditional and sacred references of the preamble, the constitution has now become a mirror in which the political area behind it is rendered invisible. Although the preambles are rarely included in the main text of the constitution, they mostly regarded as symbolic texts without legal value; however, it has been observed that in some examples even some expressions in preambles with symbolic value are included in the block of constitutionality by the judicial bodies charged with the constitutional review. In this case, the preambles, which contain vague and hard to interpret expressions, have become a legal instrument of the constitutional order, partially or completely. In this study, the anology of glass and silver established for constitutional texts was tested comparatively over various constitutional texts; after analyzing the practices regarding the legal value of the preambles, the effects of operating some unclear expressions in the constitutional order have been revealed as part of the glass-silver anology and solutions have been proposed.
TEFECİLİK SUÇU
Authors: BAYTAZ Abdullah Batuhan
Published: July 2020

Ekonominin istikrarı için faiz politikalarının devletler tarafından belirlenmesi ve sürecin yalnızca devletin kontrolünde olması gerektiğinden ve bireyin içinde bulunduğu zor durumdan yararlanmak suretiyle yüksek faizli ödünç para verilmesi, bireyin içerisinden çıkamayacağı derinlikte ekonomik zorluğa düşmesine sebebiyet verebileceğinden dolayı kazanç karşılığı borç para verilmesi ancak devlet kontrolünde ve devletin izin verdiği kuruluşlar tarafından yapılabileceği kabul edilmektedir. Devletin izni dışında faizle ödünç para verilmesi ise, tefecilik suçunu oluşturmaktadır.
Hukukumuza ilk olarak 1933 tarihli 2279 sayılı Ödünç Para Verme İşleri Kanununun 17. maddesiyle yürürlüğe girmiş olan tefecilik suçu, günümüzde 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun 241. maddesinde, “kazanç karşılığı ödünç para vermek” şeklinde tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada TCK’nun 241. maddesinde yer alan tefecilik suçunun tüm yönleriyle incelenmiş, tartışmalı ve problemli alanlara yönelik çözüm önerileri getirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and low birth weight: case-control study
Authors: Pereira Priscilla Perez da Silva , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Mata Fabiana Araújo Figueiredo da , Silva Roberta Borges , Pereira Mauricio Gomes , Cruz Simone Seixas da , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , Passos-Soares Johelle Santana , Souza Luise Maria , Trindade Soraya Castro , Coelho Julita Maria Freitas
Published: July 2020

The birth weight of newborn is an indicator that reflects maternal health conditions and the healthcare quality delivered during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between maternal consumption of cigarette during pregnancy and Low Birth Weight (LBW) in the Northeast of Brazil. Case-control study with the group of cases composed of 402 mothers with newborns with a birth weight <2,500 grams, and control composed of 1,210 mothers with newborns with weight ≥2,500 grams. Data were collected based on self-reported information by mothers and complemented with hospital records. Simple linear regression and logistic regression models were conducted. Majority of women were brown/ black, married, of low income and almost half of them had less than nine years of education. The consumption of 10 or more cigarettes a day was associated with LBW. For each cigarette added to the daily cigarette consumption there was a reduction of 18.6 grams in birth weight. Among mothers who smoked more than ten cigarettes per day, the mean reduction in birth weight was 283.1 grams. This study reinforces that LBW is associated with the maternal consumption of cigarettes.
Legal Protection of Nurses in Delegating Authority in Medical Actions
Authors: Yani Sri , Alwy Sabir , Nyorong Mappeaty
Published: July 2020

Delegation of authority is the process of transferring tasks to other legitimate or legitimate people in carrying out various activities aimed at achieving certain goals. In the implementation of the delegation of the authority of medical action from doctors to nurses must be carried out in writing and the mechanism for implementing the delegation of authority must be clear. This study aims to determine the legal protection of nurses in the implementation of the delegation of authority on medical actions and the mechanism of implementing the delegation of doctor's authority to nurses. The research method used is empirical legal research by interviewing and filling out questionnaires as primary data and the legal approach and conceptual approach. Data is analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that most of the knowledge of medical personnel (83.3%) and nurses (88.9%) regarding the delegation of authority and legal protection to medical actions was still lacking. This is because medical personnel and nurses do not know about legislation related to the delegation of authority from medical personnel to nurses. The West Sulawesi Provincial General Hospital and the Mitra Manakarra Mamuju Hospital are still using doctor's instructions as a form of delegation and consider the implementation of delegation of authority from doctors to nurses as a routine activity that is usually done. The delegation implementation mechanism in the form of a special format for delegation, hospital leadership decree and standard delegation operational procedures has never been made. This will affect the implementation of the delegation of authority of medical personnel to nurses. As a result, medical personnel and nurses have not been guaranteed maximum legal protection in hospitals. The conclusion states that the statutory regulations regarding the delegation of authority from medical personnel to nurses and the mechanism of delegation have not been optimally implemented
Decreased Hemojuvelin Protein Levels in Mask Mice Lacking Matriptase-2-Dependent Proteolytic Activity
Authors: FRÝDLOVÁ J. , FUJIKURA Y. , VOKURKA M. , NEČAS E. , KRIJT J.
Published: July 2020

Matriptase-2, a membrane protein encoded by the Tmprss6 gene, is a negative regulator of hepcidin expression. Although matriptase-2 has been proposed to cleave membrane hemojuvelin, we have recently found decreased hemojuvelin protein levels in Tmprss6 -/- mice. The purpose of this study was to confirm this observation by determining hemojuvelin protein levels in another strain of mice with disrupted Tmprss6 gene, and to determine the effect of matriptase-2 deficiency on the expression of other membrane proteins participating in the bone morphogenetic protein signal transduction. Mask mice, which lack the proteolytic domain of matriptase-2, displayed decreased liver hemojuvelin protein content, while Id1 mRNA level, an indicator of hemojuvelin-dependent signal transduction, was increased. Protein levels of bone morphogenetic protein receptors Alk3 and Acvr2a were unchanged, and transferrin receptor 2 and neogenin protein levels were slightly decreased. The results confirm that the loss of matriptase-2 increases bone morphogenetic protein-dependent signaling, while paradoxically decreasing liver hemojuvelin protein content. The regulation of transferrin receptor 2 protein levels by transferrin saturation was not affected in mask mice. How the loss of matriptase-2 proteolytic activity leads to decreased hemojuvelin protein levels is at present unclear.
Selective Abstention in Simultaneous Elections: Understanding the Turnout Gap
Authors: Dehdari Sirus , Meriläinen Jaakko , Oskarsson Sven
Published: July 2020

If two elections are held at the same day, why do some people choose to vote in one but to abstain in another? We argue that selective abstention is driven by same factors that determine voter turnout. Our empirical analysis focuses on Sweden where the turnout gap between local and national elections has been about 2-3%. Rich administrative registry data reveal that people from higher socio-economic backgrounds, immigrants, women, older individuals, and people who have been less geographically mobile are less likely to selectively abstain.
Supplemental Herbal Choline Increases 5-hmC DNA on Whole Blood from Pregnant Ewes and Offspring
Authors: Roque-Jiménez José Alejandro , Mendoza-Martínez German David , Vázquez-Valladolid Anayeli , Guerrero-González María de la Luz , Flores-Ramírez Rogelio , Pinos-Rodriguez Juan Manuel , Loor Juan J. , Relling Alejandro Enrique , Lee-Rangel Héctor Aarón
Published: July 2020

Herbal formulas during pregnancy have been used in developing countries. Despite that, the potential effects on the mother and offspring and whether those supplements elicit epigenetic modifications is still unknown. Therefore, our objectives were to determine the effects of supplemental herbal choline source (BCho) on the percentage of 5-hmC in whole blood from gestating ewes and their offspring, as well as determining the milk quality and growth of the offspring. Thirty-five gestating Rambouillet ewes were randomly assigned to five treatments: T1, supplementation of 4 g per day (gd−1) of BCho during the first third of gestation; T2, supplementation of 4 gd−1 of BCho during the second third of gestation; T3, supplementation of 4 gd−1 of BCho during the last third of gestation; T4, supplementation of 4 gd−1 of BCho throughout gestation; and T5, no BCho supplementation (control). For the 5-hmC DNA analysis, whole blood from ewes was sampled before pregnancy and at each third of gestation (50 days). Whole blood from lambs was sampled five weeks after birth. The evaluation of the nutritional programming effects was conducted through the percentages of 5-hmC in the lambs. Compared with other treatments, the whole blood from ewes supplemented during T1 and T4 had the greatest 5-hmC percentages (p < 0.05). However, only ewes fed BCho throughout gestation (T4) maintained the greatest percentages of 5-hmC (p < 0.05). The lamb growth performance indicated that the BCho maternal supplementation did not affect the nutritional programming. However, the lambs born from ewes supplemented during T2 had the greatest 5-hmC percentages (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that ewes supplemented during T4 with BCho increase and maintain the percentages of 5-hmC in whole blood, and the offspring born from ewes supplemented with BCho during T2 maintained the greatest percentages of 5-hmC 35 d after they were born.
The Relationship between Lung Inflammation and Aerobic Threshold in Standardbred Racehorses with Mild-Moderate Equine Asthma
Authors: Stucchi Luca , Alberti Elena , Stancari Giovanni , Conturba Bianca , Zucca Enrica , Ferrucci Francesco
Published: July 2020

Mild–moderate equine asthma (MEA) is a common disease of young racehorses characterized by inflammation of the lower airways diagnosed by cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and it is considered an important cause of poor performance. The most common parameter of athletic capacity associated with horse performance is the speed at 4 mmol/L of lactate (VLA4). The aim of the present work was to evaluate the relation between the different BALF inflammatory cells and VLA4 in racehorses affected by MEA. A population of Standardbred racehorses that underwent an accurate protocol for poor performance evaluation was collected for a retrospective study. Horses with any other alteration potentially influencing performance were excluded, thus considering only subjects with BALF cytology consistent with MEA. A sample of 30 horses (3.4 ± 1.0 years old) was selected. The relationship between BALF inflammatory cell differential count and VLA4 was evaluated by means of linear regression. Statistical analysis showed a significant relation (p = 0.015, r2 = 0.19) between the increase in the differential count of neutrophils in BALF and the decrease in VLA4. The results obtained suggested that the accumulation of neutrophils in the airways of MEA horses may have a direct impact on athletic capacity, possibly due to impaired alveolar blood-gas exchanges during strenuous exercise.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of the Vibration Properties of Thin Copper Films Bonded to FR4 Composite
Authors: Azam Sufyan A. , Fragoso Alex
Published: July 2020

Printed circuit boards constitute the basis of most electronic devices and are mainly fabricated of thin copper films bounded to fiber epoxy laminates, such as FR4. Vibrational stress can induce device failure, and hence, studies addressing their modal properties have important applications. In this paper, cantilever samples made of bare copper bounded to FR4 have been studied to analyze, for the first time, the vibration behavior of specimens with different aspect ratios, with and without central holes of different diameters. Natural frequencies and damping ratios were determined experimentally and analytically using a finite element method for four groups of samples with a very good correspondence between both methods. The fundamental resonance frequency of all the specimens was found to be less than 40 Hz and the influence of a central hole was not significant to affect the modal properties.
Modelling Groundwater Hydraulics to Design a Groundwater Level Monitoring Network for Sustainable Management of Fresh Groundwater Lens in Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Rahimoon Zulfiqar Ali , Oroza Carlos Anthony , Sarwar Salman , Qureshi Abdul Latif , Framroze Punthakey Jehangir , Arfan Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The over-extraction of groundwater from thin fresh groundwater lenses is a threat to the livelihood of farmers in the Lower Indus Basin (LIB). It is essential to monitor and regulate this pumping to sustain fresh groundwater lenses. In this study, we applied a modelling approach in combination with geostatistical analysis to identify the critical locations to monitor the groundwater levels for sustaining fresh groundwater in the LIB. Our approach included four steps: (i) simulating temporal heads using a calibrated hydrogeological model; (ii) sampling monitoring locations using a hexagonal pattern of sampling; (iii) applying principal component analysis (PCA) of the temporal head observations, and selecting high scoring locations from the PCA; and (iv) minimizing the observation points to represent the water level contours. The calibrated model was able to replicate the hydro-dynamic behavior of the study area, with a root mean square of 0.95 and an absolute residual mean of 0.74 m. The hexagonal pattern of spatial sampling resulted in a 195 point network, but PCA reduced this network to 135 points and contour classification reduced it even further to 59 points. The 195, 135, and 59 point networks represented the water levels with average standard errors of 0.098, 0.318, and 0.610 m, respectively. Long-term simulations with increased pumping showed that the water levels would best be assessed by 195 monitoring points, although 135 and 59 points would represent the depleting area but would not capture the water logging area.
Effect of Nano-Silica on the Autogenous Shrinkage, Strength, and Hydration Heat of Ultra-High Strength Concrete
Authors: Zhang Guang-Zhu , Cho Hyeong-Kyu , Wang Xiao-Yong
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the effect of nano-silica on the autogenous shrinkage, hydration heat, compressive strength hydration products of Ultra-High Strength Concrete (UHSC) is studied. The water/binder ratio (w/b) of UHSC is 0.2. The nano-silica replaces 2% and 4% of the mass fraction of the cement in UHSCs, respectively. A new instrument was developed to simultaneously measure the autogenous shrinkage, internal relative humidity, and internal temperature of UHSC. The following results were obtained from the analysis of the experimental data: (1) The trends in the autogenous shrinking of UHSC can be divided into two stages, which are the variable temperature stage and the room temperature stage. The dividing point between the two stages occurs at the age of approximately 2 days. During the room temperature stage, the internal relative humidity and autogenous shrinkage showed a good linear relationship. (2) The compressive strength of UHSC increased significantly with the increase of nano-silica content at 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days. (3) The total accumulated heat of UHSC increased during the 72 h, with the increasing of nano-silica content. (4) The XRD data at the age of 28 days showed that the Ca(OH)2 peaks of nS2 and nS4 have a tendency to weaken due to the pozzolanic reaction, compared with the peak of nS0.
Dynamic Response of Rock Containing Regular Sawteeth Joints under Various Loading Rates and Angles of Application
Authors: Shu Pei-Yun , Lin Chen-Yu , Li Hung-Hui , Cheng Ta-Wui , Ueng Tzuu-Hsing , Wang Tai-Tien
Published: July 2020

Intact rock-like specimens and specimens that include a single planar joint or triangular sawteeth joint at various angles are prepared for split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) testing at loading rates of 303.1–5233.6 GPa/s. Only results that are associated with an error (eε) of less than 20.0% are utilized in subsequent analyses. The effects of the loading rate and angle of the load applied to various joint patterns on the failure type and dynamic peak stresses/strength of the specimens are investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that failure of each specimen can be classified into the following four types, Type A: integrated with or without tiny flake-off, Type B: slide failure, Type C: fracture failure, and Type D: crushing failure. The results of statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicate that the loading rate, the angles of the base plane (β), and the asperity (α) of the sawteeth joint of the specimen all affect its dynamic peak stress when fracture failure occurs. The loading rate and β are important when the slide failure occurs, and the loading rate is the sole factor that significantly influences its dynamic peak stress when the specimen is crushed to failure. The dynamic peak stress of the specimen increases with the loading rate, while the rate of increase gradually decreases. The β and α of a jointed specimen affect the location of stress concentration during loading, further influencing the dynamic peak stress of such a specimen under slide and fracture failure. When the loading rate is high and the specimen is crushed to failure, the influences of β and α disappear, and the increase of loading rate reduces the efficiency of raising the dynamic peak stress.
Feasibility of Developing Sustainable Concrete Using Environmentally Friendly Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Gunasekara Chamila , Seneviratne Charitha , Law David W. , Setunge Sujeeva
Published: July 2020

Quarry aggregate reserves are depleting rapidly within Australia and the rest of the world due to an increasing demand for aggregates driven by expansion in construction. The annual production of premix concrete in Australia is approximately 30 million cubic meters, while 3–5% of concrete delivered to site remains unused and is disposed of in landfill or crushing plants. The production of coarse aggregates using this waste concrete is potentially a sustainable approach to reduce environmental and economic impact. A testing program has been conducted to investigate mechanical performance and permeation characteristics of concrete produced using a novel manufactured coarse aggregate recycled directly from fresh premix concrete. The recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) concrete satisfied the specified 28-day design strength of 25 MPa and 40 MPa at 28 days and a mean compressive strength of 60 MPa at 90 days. Aggregate grading was observed to determine strength development, while low water absorption, low drying shrinkage, and higher packing density indicate that the RCA concrete is a high-quality material with a dense pore structure. The rough fracture surface of the aggregate increased the bond between C-S-H gel matrix and RCA at the interfacial transition zone. Furthermore, a good correlation was observed between compressive strength and all other mechanical properties displayed by the quarried aggregate concrete. The application of design equations as stated in Australian standards were observed to provide a conservative design for RCA concrete structures based on the mechanical properties.
A Review of Insider Threat Detection: Classification, Machine Learning Techniques, Datasets, Open Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Al-Mhiqani Mohammed Nasser , Ahmad Rabiah , Zainal Abidin Z. , Yassin Warusia , Hassan Aslinda , Abdulkareem Karrar Hameed , Ali Nabeel Salih , Yunos Zahri
Published: July 2020

Insider threat has become a widely accepted issue and one of the major challenges in cybersecurity. This phenomenon indicates that threats require special detection systems, methods, and tools, which entail the ability to facilitate accurate and fast detection of a malicious insider. Several studies on insider threat detection and related areas in dealing with this issue have been proposed. Various studies aimed to deepen the conceptual understanding of insider threats. However, there are many limitations, such as a lack of real cases, biases in making conclusions, which are a major concern and remain unclear, and the lack of a study that surveys insider threats from many different perspectives and focuses on the theoretical, technical, and statistical aspects of insider threats. The survey aims to present a taxonomy of contemporary insider types, access, level, motivation, insider profiling, effect security property, and methods used by attackers to conduct attacks and a review of notable recent works on insider threat detection, which covers the analyzed behaviors, machine-learning techniques, dataset, detection methodology, and evaluation metrics. Several real cases of insider threats have been analyzed to provide statistical information about insiders. In addition, this survey highlights the challenges faced by other researchers and provides recommendations to minimize obstacles.
Ultrashort-Term Power Fluctuation Forecasting Based on the Prediction of the Shipborne Panel Tilt Angle
Authors: Peng Xiuyan , Zhao Luo , Wang Bo , Zhang Biao
Published: July 2020

When a solar ship is navigating in the ocean, the swaying motion of a photovoltaic panel will affect the output power of the photovoltaic (PV) power generation system more frequently and violently. In addition to considering multiple climatic factors, this paper also adopts a ship swaying motion and radiation level of sunlight to establish a suitable calculation model for the output power of photovoltaic systems, which are rarely considered at the same time in previous studies, and also to make ultrashort-term power predictions. Furthermore, this paper proposes a multilayer heterogeneous particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to design the weights and thresholds of a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to improve the accuracy of forecasting the changes of a photovoltaic panel’s angle, which is used for accurate power output prediction for the purpose of power planning. The case analysis shows the effectiveness of the algorithm, which provides a more reliable method for designing a power prediction system.
A Novel Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance Method with an Adaptive Scaling Factor
Authors: Chuang Man-Tsai , Liu Yi-Hua , Ye Song-Pei
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a novel variable step size (VSS) incremental conductance (INC) method with an adaptive scaling factor is proposed. The proposed technique utilizes the model-based state estimation method to calculate the irradiance level and then determine an appropriate scaling factor accordingly to enhance the capability of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The fast and accurate tracking can be achieved by the presented method without the need for extra irradiance and temperature sensors. Only the voltage-and-current sets of any two operating points on the characteristic curve are needed to estimate the irradiance level. By choosing a proper scaling factor, the performance of the conventional VSS INC method can be improved. To validate the studied algorithm, a 600 W prototyping circuit is constructed and the performances are demonstrated experimentally. Compared to conventional VSS INC methods under the tested conditions, the tracking time is shortened by 31.8%. The tracking accuracy is also improved by 2.1% and 3.5%, respectively. Besides, tracking energy loss is reduced by 43.9% and 29.9%, respectively.
Impact of Quadriceps/Hamstrings Torque Ratio on Three-Dimensional Pelvic Posture and Clinical Pubic Symphysis Pain-Preliminary Results in Healthy Young Male Athletes
Authors: Ludwig Oliver , Kelm Jens , Hopp Sascha
Published: July 2020

Pain in the pubic symphysis is of significance, especially in high-performance sports. Pelvic torsion, possibly caused by muscular imbalances, is discussed as a pathogenic mechanism. This study examined a possible interrelationship between the maximum torques of quadriceps femoris and hamstrings and the spatial positioning of the hemi-pelvises, as well as the tenderness to palpation of the pubic symphysis. The three-dimensional pelvic contour of 26 pain free adolescents (age 16.0 ± 0.8 years, weight 66.3 ± 9.9 kg, height 176.2 ± 6.0 cm) was registered by means of an 3D optical system and the torsion of both hemi-pelvises against each other was calculated based on a simplified geometrical model. Tenderness on palpation of the pubic symphysis was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale, and isometric torques of knee extensors and flexors were measured for both legs. The torque ratio between knee extensors and flexors was calculated for both sides, as was the crossed torque ratio between the two legs. On the basis of a MANOVA, possible significant differences in torques and torque ratios between subgroups with lower and higher pelvic torsion were analyzed. The crossed torque ratio (F = 19.55, p < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.453) and the tenderness to palpation of the pubic symphysis (F = 10.72, p = 0.003, partial η2 = 0.309) were significantly higher in the subgroup with higher pelvic torsion. The results indicate the crossed torque ratio of knee flexors and extensors as a potential biomechanical-pathogenic mechanism to be considered in the primary prevention and diagnosis of symphyseal pain.
NetAP: Adaptive Polling Technique for Network Packet Processing in Virtualized Environments
Authors: Park Hyunchan , Seong Juyong , Lee Munkyu , Lee Kyungwoon , Hong Cheol-Ho
Published: July 2020

In cloud systems, computing resources, such as the CPU, memory, network, and storage devices, are virtualized and shared by multiple users. In recent decades, methods to virtualize these resources efficiently have been intensively studied. Nevertheless, the current virtualization techniques cannot achieve effective I/O virtualization when packets are transferred between a virtual machine and a host system. For example, VirtIO, which is a network device driver for KVM-based virtualization, adopts an interrupt-based packet-delivery mechanism, and incurs frequent switch overheads between the virtual machine and the host system. Therefore, VirtIO wastes valuable CPU resources and decreases network performance. To address this limitation, this paper proposes an adaptive polling-based network I/O processing technique, called NetAP, for virtualized environments. NetAP processes network requests via a periodical polling-based mechanism. For this purpose, NetAP adopts the golden-section search algorithm to determine the near-optimal polling interval for various workloads with different characteristics. We implement NetAP in a Linux kernel and evaluated it with up to six virtual machines. The evaluation results show that NetAP can improve the network performance of virtual machines by up to 31.16%, while only using 32.92% of the host CPU time used by VirtIO for packet processing.
Stochastic Process Emerged from Lattice Fermion Systems by Repeated Measurements and Long-Time Limit
Authors: Yamaga Kazuki
Published: July 2020

It is known that, in quantum theory, measurements may suppress Hamiltonian dynamics of a system. A famous example is the ‘Quantum Zeno Effect’. This is the phenomena that, if one performs the measurements M times asking whether the system is in the same state as the one at the initial time until the fixed measurement time t, then survival probability tends to 1 by taking the limit M→∞. This is the case for fixed measurement time t. It is known that, if one takes measurement time infinite at appropriate scaling, the ‘Quantum Zeno Effect’ does not occur and the effect of Hamiltonian dynamics emerges. In the present paper, we consider the long time repeated measurements and the dynamics of quantum many body systems in the scaling where the effect of measurements and dynamics are balanced. We show that the stochastic process, called the symmetric simple exclusion process (SSEP), is obtained from the repeated and long time measurements of configuration of particles in finite lattice fermion systems. The emerging stochastic process is independent of potential and interaction of the underlying Hamiltonian of the system.
Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis: Risk Factors, Regulatory Pathways in Chondrocytes, and Experimental Models
Authors: He Yuchen , Li Zhong , Alexander Peter G. , Ocasio-Nieves Brian D. , Yocum Lauren , Lin Hang , Tuan Rocky S.
Published: July 2020

As the most common chronic degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of pain and physical disability, affecting millions of people worldwide. Mainly characterized by articular cartilage degradation, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation, OA is a heterogeneous disease that impacts all component tissues of the articular joint organ. Pathological changes, and thus symptoms, vary from person to person, underscoring the critical need of personalized therapies. However, there has only been limited progress towards the prevention and treatment of OA, and there are no approved effective disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs). Conventional treatments, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physical therapy, are still the major remedies to manage the symptoms until the need for total joint replacement. In this review, we provide an update of the known OA risk factors and relevant mechanisms of action. In addition, given that the lack of biologically relevant models to recapitulate human OA pathogenesis represents one of the major roadblocks in developing DMOADs, we discuss current in vivo and in vitro experimental OA models, with special emphasis on recent development and application potential of human cell-derived microphysiological tissue chip platforms.