bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and methodological reflection of a case study on the Deblínsko landscape project
Authors: Hynek Alois , Svozil Břetislav , Trojan Jakub , Trávníček Jan
Published: July 2015

Full text of the article is available both in English and Czech.The case study is based primarily on long-standing collaboration of two public sector institutions: the MU in Brno and the Deblín Primary School and Kindergarten, with cooperation of experts in numerous other institutions. The MU in Brno and the Deblín Primary School and Kindergarten focus on research, teaching and, above all, practical applications of sustainability/security. The objective of the study is to revise the theoretical and methodological frameworks influencing approaches to teaching sustainability in primary education and, through it, to open a discussion of civic society topics and formation starting at the level of children/pupils/students. The vehicle for achieving the objective is a thorough critical view of the “Deblínsko landscape project”. The authors’ experience concerns development of dialogue between the world of science and its applications and needs of those on whom its consequences impact. They are collected as part of activities aimed primarily at intensive field and project teaching, which reflects the sustainability discourse in the primary, secondary and tertiary education practice and is also connected with establishment of international collaboration. The focus of the field work is based on the understanding of each of the institutions as regional education centres (Deblín Primary School and Kindergarten = community centre), focused on solving issues of sustainability, involving owners, users, decision-makers, shareholders and stakeholders within public territorial administration, represented by means of goals and measures of regional development schemes along with micro-regional development programmes and local action group (LAG) activities.
Druhý život Tuchomyšle: Lokální identita přesídlenců z odtěžené obce (anglická verze)
Authors: Hermová Ivana
Published: July 2015

The 20th century saw the obliteration of 106 towns and villages, and 90,000 people were displaced as a result of brown coal mining in North Bohemia and associated industrial development. Tuchomyšl was one of these villages; its population was resettled in newly built prefabricated housing estates in Ústí nad Labem and Chlumec. Based on an anthropological analysis of biographic interviews with the displaced people of Tuchomyšl, this case study demonstrates how the former residents of Tuchomyšl identify with the physical space of the village which no longer exists, and what they think of their forced eviction. As it turns out, the local identity of these resettled people is influenced by several factors, particularly the location of their new residence, their age at the time of their village's destruction, and their economic standing. These people continue to identify strongly with the social space of the former village, which they keep alive with regular get-togethers even 35 years after the physical destruction of the village.
Calorie Label Formats: Using Numeric and Traffic Light Calorie Labels to Reduce Lunch Calories
Authors: VanEpps Eric M. , Downs Julie S. , Loewenstein George
Published: July 2015

In a field experiment involving online workplace lunch orders, this study examines the impact of numeric and traffic light calorie labels on calorie intake. Employees of a large corporation ordered lunches through a website of the authors’ design, on which they were presented menus with numeric calorie labels, traffic light labels, or both together, and the authors compared the calorie content of the ordered lunches with that of diners randomized to receive no calorie information. Each label type reduced lunch calories by approximately 10%. Nutrition knowledge was not improved by any menu format. Traffic light labels achieved meaningful reductions in calories ordered even in the absence of numeric information, and the authors found no apparent benefit or detriment of combining label types. These findings suggest that consumers may benefit most from help in identifying relatively healthier choices but rely little on information about the exact caloric content of items.
15 YEARS OF PARAGANGLIOMA: Pathology of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma
Authors: Tischler Arthur S , deKrijger Ronald R
Published: July 2015

Pathologists using their routine diagnostic tools can contribute both to the care of patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma and to understanding the pathobiology of the tumors. They can document details of tissue organization and cytology that are accessible only by microscopy and can characterize admixtures of cell types that are morphologically distinct or show differential expression of immunohistochemical markers. Current roles and challenges for pathologists include differential diagnosis, identifying clues to the presence of hereditary disease, and effective communication of pathology information for clinical and research purposes. Future roles will increasingly involve risk stratification, identification of actionable targets for personalized therapies, and aiding the interpretation of molecular tests by helping characterize genetic variants of unknown significance. It remains to be determined to what extent the need for pathology input will be overshadowed by the availability of genetic testing and other molecular analyses at ever-decreasing cost, together with very effective clinical paradigms for risk stratification and patient care.
Transapical aortic valve replacement complicated by periaortic hematoma
Authors: Naji Darwish I. , Chhatriwalla Adnan , Cohen David J. , Main Michael L.
Published: July 2015

A 77-year-old woman with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (aortic valve areaZ0.6 cm2 and mean gradientZ 53 mmHg) was deemed inoperable for surgical aortic valve replacement due to a porcelain aorta, and was scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve replacement via an apical approach. A 23 mm valve was selected based on a computerized axial tomographic angiography derived area of 360 mm2; valve oversizing was 15.4%. Baseline transesophageal echocardiography revealed severe protruding atheroma within the lumen of the ascending aorta. Immediately following deployment of the Sapien pericardial tissue valve (Edwards Life Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA), a large posterior periaortic hematoma was noted (1.3 cm in maximum width, and w4 cm in length) (see Fig. 1 and Videos 1, 2, 3, 4). Protamine was administered, and the hematoma was observed by transesophegeal echocardiography for w30 min with no change in size; function of the bioprosthetic valve was normal without regurgitation. In the immediate post-operative period, anti-platelet agents were withheld, and blood pressure was aggressively lowered. The remainder of her hospital course was uncomplicated, and a tranthoracic echocardiogram w1 month later demonstrated resolution of the hematoma. Periaortic hematoma and aortic root rupture are recognized potential major complications of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (1, 2). Severe left ventricular outflow tract calcification and annular over sizing are both risk factors for these complications. Careful transesophageal echocardiographic examination post valve deployment may lead to early recognition and treatment of this potentially fatal complication (3). In this case, presence of severe protruding atherosclerotic plaque pre-procedure likely predisposed to this complication.
Expression mechanism of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 in mouse islets during pregnancy
Authors: Iida Hitoshi , Ogihara Takeshi , Min Mun-kyeong , Hara Akemi , Kim Yeong Gi , Fujimaki Kyoko , Tamaki Motoyuki , Fujitani Yoshio , Kim Hail , Watada Hirotaka
Published: July 2015

Serotonin signaling plays key roles in augmentation of pancreatic β-cell function during pregnancy. Increased expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1), a rate-limiting enzyme for serotonin synthesis by lactogenic hormones, is involved in this phenomenon. To investigate its mechanisms, we here performed 5′-RACE and identified β-cell-specific transcription initiation sites for Tph1. Prolactin enhanced the expression of mRNA containing these exons; however, reporter gene plasmids containing the proximal 5′-flanking region of these exons did not show prolactin responsiveness in MIN6 cells. Prolactin-induced Tph1 expression was inhibited by a Jak2 inhibitor and was partially inhibited by an MEK1/2 or PI3K inhibitor. Therefore, we analyzed interferon γ-activated sequences (GAS) and found GAS-A about 9-kbp upstream of the transcription start site. The reporter gene plasmid containing the GAS-A region linked to a heterologous promoter showed increased promoter activity by prolactin, which was inhibited by the forced expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of Stat5A and a Jak2 inhibitor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that prolactin treatment augmented Stat5 binding to the GAS-A region in MIN6 cells, as well as in isolated mouse islets, and that Stat5 recognized the GAS-A region in pregnant mouse islets. In addition, the transactivation activity of Stat5 was enhanced by prolactin through the Erk and PI3K pathways in MIN6 cells. Finally, serotonin expression was attenuated in islets of β-cell-specific Stat5-deficient mice compared with that of control littermates during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that prolactin-induced Tph1 expression is mediated by the activation of Jak2/Stat5, Erk, and PI3K pathways in β cells.
60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: Acromegaly
Authors: Capatina Cristina , Wass John A H
Published: July 2015

Acromegaly (ACM) is a chronic, progressive disorder caused by the persistent hypersecretion of GH, in the vast majority of cases secreted by a pituitary adenoma. The consequent increase in IGF1 (a GH-induced liver protein) is responsible for most clinical features and for the systemic complications associated with increased mortality. The clinical diagnosis, based on symptoms related to GH excess or the presence of a pituitary mass, is often delayed many years because of the slow progression of the disease. Initial testing relies on measuring the serum IGF1 concentration. The oral glucose tolerance test with concomitant GH measurement is the gold-standard diagnostic test. The therapeutic options for ACM are surgery, medical treatment, and radiotherapy (RT). The outcome of surgery is very good for microadenomas (80–90% cure rate), but at least half of the macroadenomas (most frequently encountered in ACM patients) are not cured surgically. Somatostatin analogs are mainly indicated after surgical failure. Currently their routine use as primary therapy is not recommended. Dopamine agonists are useful in a minority of cases. Pegvisomant is indicated for patients refractory to surgery and other medical treatments. RT is employed sparingly, in cases of persistent disease activity despite other treatments, due to its long-term side effects. With complex, combined treatment, at least three-quarters of the cases are controlled according to current criteria. With proper control of the disease, the specific complications are partially improved and the mortality rate is close to that of the background population.
Endogenous Small RNA Mediates Meiotic Silencing of a Novel DNA Transposon
Authors: Wang Yizhou , Smith Kristina M , Taylor John W , Freitag Michael , Stajich Jason E
Published: July 2015

Genome defense likely evolved to curtail the spread of transposable elements and invading viruses. A combination of effective defense mechanisms has been shown to limit colonization of the Neurospora crassa genome by transposable elements. A novel DNA transposon named Sly1-1 was discovered in the genome of the most widely used laboratory “wild-type” strain FGSC 2489 (OR74A). Meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA, also simply called meiotic silencing, prevents the expression of regions of the genome that are unpaired during karyogamy. This mechanism is posttranscriptional and is proposed to involve the production of small RNA, so-called masiRNAs, by proteins homologous to those involved in RNA interference−silencing pathways in animals, fungi, and plants. Here, we demonstrate production of small RNAs when Sly1-1 was unpaired in a cross between two wild-type strains. These small RNAs are dependent on SAD-1, an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase necessary for meiotic silencing. We present the first case of endogenously produced masiRNA from a novel N. crassa DNA transposable element.
On the Mechanism of Gene Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Steakley David Lee , Rine Jasper
Published: July 2015

Multiple mechanisms have been proposed for gene silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ranging from steric occlusion of DNA binding proteins from their recognition sequences in silenced chromatin to a specific block in the formation of the preinitiation complex to a block in transcriptional elongation. This study provided strong support for the steric occlusion mechanism by the discovery that RNA polymerase of bacteriophage T7 could be substantially blocked from transcribing from its cognate promoter when embedded in silenced chromatin. Moreover, unlike previous suggestions, we found no evidence for stalled RNA polymerase II within silenced chromatin. The effectiveness of the Sir protein–based silencing mechanism to block transcription activated by Gal4 at promoters in the domain of silenced chromatin was marginal, yet it improved when tested against mutant forms of the Gal4 protein, highlighting a role for specific activators in their sensitivity to gene silencing.
Gene Model Annotations forDrosophila melanogaster: The Rule-Benders
Authors: Crosby Madeline A , Gramates L Sian , dos Santos Gilberto , Matthews Beverley B , St. Pierre Susan E , Zhou Pinglei , Schroeder Andrew J , Falls Kathleen , Emmert David B , Russo Susan M , Gelbart William M ,   the FlyBase Consortium
Published: July 2015

In the context of the FlyBase annotated gene models in Drosophila melanogaster, we describe the many exceptional cases we have curated from the literature or identified in the course of FlyBase analysis. These range from atypical but common examples such as dicistronic and polycistronic transcripts, noncanonical splices, trans-spliced transcripts, noncanonical translation starts, and stop-codon readthroughs, to single exceptional cases such as ribosomal frameshifting and HAC1-type intron processing. In FlyBase, exceptional genes and transcripts are flagged with Sequence Ontology terms and/or standardized comments. Because some of the rule-benders create problems for handlers of high-throughput data, we discuss plans for flagging these cases in bulk data downloads.
A Forward Genetic Screen for Suppressors of Somatic P Granules inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kelly Ashley L , Senter-Zapata Michael J , Campbell Anne C , Lust Hannah E , Theriault Monique E , Andralojc Karolina M , Updike Dustin L
Published: July 2015

In Caenorhabditis elegans, germline expression programs are actively repressed in somatic tissue by components of the synMuv (synthetic multi-vulva) B chromatin remodeling complex, which include homologs of tumor suppressors Retinoblastoma (Rb/LIN-35) and Malignant Brain Tumor (MBT/LIN-61). However, the full scope of pathways that suppress germline expression in the soma is unknown. To address this, we performed a mutagenesis and screened for somatic expression of GFP-tagged PGL-1, a core P-granule nucleating protein. Eight alleles were isolated from 4000 haploid genomes. Five of these alleles exhibit a synMuv phenotype, whereas the remaining three were identified as hypomorphic alleles of known synMuv B genes, lin-13 and dpl-1. These findings suggest that most suppressors of germline programs in the soma of C. elegans are either required for viability or function through synMuv B chromatin regulation.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Cosmopolitan Marine Fungus Corollospora maritima Under Two Physiological Conditions
Authors: Velez Patricia , Alejandri-Ramírez Naholi D , González María C , Estrada Karel J , Sanchez-Flores Alejandro , Dinkova Tzvetanka D
Published: July 2015

Marine sandy beaches represent dynamic environments often subject to harsh conditions and climate fluctuations, where natural and anthropogenic inputs of freshwater from fluvial and pluvial sources alter salinity, which has been recognized as a key variable affecting the distribution of aquatic organisms and influencing critical physiological processes. The marine arenicolous fungus Corollospora maritima is a worldwide-distributed saprobe that has been reported to present tolerance to freshwater. Here, we present a transcriptome analysis that will provide the first insight of the genomic content for this fungus and a gene expression comparison between two different salinity conditions. We also identified genes that are candidates for being differentially expressed in response to environmental variations on salinity during the fungal growth. The de novo reconstruction of C. maritima transcriptome Illumina sequencing provided a total of 14,530 transcripts (16 megabases). The comparison between the two growth conditions rendered 103 genes specifically overexpressed in seawater, and 132 genes specifically up-regulated under freshwater. Using fungal isolates collected from different beaches, the specific environmental regulation of particular transcript differential expression was confirmed by RT-qPCR. To our knowledge, this is the first analysis that explores the marine fungus C. maritima molecular responses to overcome freshwater stress, and these data could shed light to understand the fungal adaptation and plasticity mechanisms to the marine habitat.
Particle Size Distribution as a Basic Characteristic for Pedotransfer Prediction of Permanent Wilting Point
Authors: Laktionova T. , Nakisko S.
Published: July 2015

The permanent wilting point (PWP) belongs to the basic soil hydrological constants and plays the important role in an estimation of the natural or irrigating moisture availability to agricultural plants. Direct measurement of hydrological parameters demands signifi cant amount of time, efforts and equipment. Pedotransfer functions (PTF) can provide an alternative way to an estimation of these parameters indirectly, by calculation, using accessible parameters of the basic soil properties in soil databases. Aim. To work out new PTF for an estimation of permanent wilting point in the chernozem soils of Ukraine. Methods. For the purpose of PTF working out, the multivariate linear regression equations have been applied. Data from the Ukrainian Soil Database are used for calibration of models sample included 239 data sets of permanent wilting point and particle size distribution (PSD) values obtained by direct measurement in the top genetic horizon of both typical and ordinary chernozems. Independently, 59 data
sets have been used for verifi cation of models. Results. The best model among several considered has been recognized that one, where the contents’ parameters of three grain size fractions (according to N. A. Kachinskyi’s classifi cation) – 0.01−0.005, 0.005−0.001 and < 0.001 mm (%) – have been identifi ed as the essential independent variables. Thus, accuracy of the forecast (R 2 = 0.64) is quite admissible. Conclusions. Forecasting of permanent wilting point by construction of the pedotransfer function including three fractions of particles is tangibly possible, considering availability of PSD data in a soil database.
Development Мodel of Winemaking Regions in Ukraine
Authors: Vlasov V. , Belous I. , Dzhaburiya L. , Bulayeva Yu.
Published: July 2015

Aim. Analysis of the main causes of destabilization in the Ukrainian viticulture and winemaking and ways to eliminate them. Development of the integration model for the industry effective functioning. Methods. The data were processed involving the statistical groupings, graphic and sampling methods. Results. The main components of the innovative development of the Ukrainian agricultural sector and, in particular, its viticulture and winemaking industry are research and implementation of the obtained results in the production processes. Scientifi c and technical development provides the potential and innovation growth, also defi nes the ability of transition to sustainable development of the industry. The experts from the National Scientifi c Center Tairov Viticulture and Enology Institut e have analyzed the major destabilization causes of the Ukrainian viticulture and winemaking and ways to eliminate them, as well as offered the integration model for the industry effective functioning in the region (by the
example of the Odessa Region) in accordance with regional development programs for next 12 years. Conclusions. Cooperation and integration processes on the basis of innovations in the viticulture development within the wine sector regional development programs will contribute to guaranteed volumes of production, increase effi ciency and productivity, innovation development and modernization of production, competitiveness of manufacturers, also stabilize the social environment that leads to the sustainable development of industry in the Odessa Region and Ukraine.
Some Aspects of the Polyhexamethyleneguanidine Salts Effect on Cell Cultures
Authors: Mandygra M. , Lysytsia A.
Published: July 2015

Aim. To investigate the effect of polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG) to eukaryotic cell culture. Methods. The passaged bovine tracheal cells culture (TCC) and primary culture of chicken embryo fi broblasts (FCE) were used in the experiments. TCC and FCE monolayers were treated with aqueous solutions of PHMG chloride or succinate. The method of PHMG polycation adsorption to the cells’ plasma membrane together with microscopy were applied. Results. The dependence of PHMG effect on the eukaryotic cells on the agent concentration, duration of exposure and the anion type has been fi xed. The PHMG concentration of 10 –5 per cent (0.1 μg/ml) never causes degradation of the previously formed cell monolayer, while the higher concentrations damage it. The conditions of the PHMG chloride and succinate’s negative effect on cell proliferation and inhibition of monolayer formation were determined. The hypothesis that under certain conditions PHMG stimulates the proliferative activity of the cells has been confi rmed.
Stimulation may be associated with non-specifi c stress adaptation of cells. In this case, it is due to modifi cations of the cell membrane after PHMG adsorption to it. Conclusions. PHMG polycation binds with the membrane’s phosphoglycerides fi rmly and irreversibly. A portion of the lipids are removed from participation in the normal cellular processes at that. At the same time, the synthesis of new lipids and membrane-bound enzymes is probably accelerated. The phospholip ids’ neogenesis acceleration can stimulate mitosis under certain conditions. The obtained results can be used in the biotechnologies.
Comparative Study of Highly Pathogenic Avian Infl uenza Strains Isolated in Ukraine in 2005 and 2008
Authors: Gerilovych A. , Stegniy B. , Stegniy A. , Stegniy M. , Smietanka K. , Minta Z.
Published: July 2015

Objective. To research the molecular characteristics of two HPAI strains – A/Ch/Syvash/02/05/H5N1 and A/Ch/Krasnogvardeysk/58/08/H5N1, which were identifi ed as representatives of the highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses. Methods. RNA extraction, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. The phylogenetic studies revealed that the above mentioned strains belong to two various genetic lineages originated from the Eastern European strains isolated in 2005, but differ from the viruses introduced to the Central and Western Europe in 2005/2006, and also the lineages consisting of H5N1 viruses isolated in the Europe and Middle East in late 2007. Conclusions. Relying on experimental studies, it can be concluded that the strains of A/Ch/Syvash/02/05/H5N1 and A/Ch/Krasnogvardeysk/58/08/H5N1 are highly pathogenic.
The usage of cell selection in vitro in the creation of tomato and eggplants breeding lines with resistance to fusarium (Fuzarium oxysporum)
Authors: Ivchenko T. , Kornienko S. , Miroshnichenko T. , Mozgovska H.
Published: July 2015

Aim. The development of a biotechnological system of assessing and selecting the forms of egg-plant and tomato which are tolerant to fusarium wilt in the culture of the tissues, isolated in vitro. Methods. The studies were car- ried out according to the standard biotechnological methods and using the standard equipment. The high-grade and hybrid seeds of egg-plant and tomato genotypes of F 1 –F 4 breeds with different tolerance to fusarium wilt were used in the studies. The cell selection was carried out in the media with different content of the selective agent (20, 40 and 60 % of the total medium volume). Results. It has been determined that the samples can be reliably differentiated in the selective media with liquid culture fi ltrate on the stages of induction and prolifera- tion of callusogenesis according to their resistance in the fi eld. The effective concentrations of the liquid culture fi ltrate of F. oxysporum in the selective media necessary for the selection of resistant callus clones are 20−30
% for acceptable genotypes and 40–50 % and higher for moderately resistant and resistant samples. According to the selective assessment (2012−2013) of initial breeding lines of egg-plant and tomato and the ones, selected via the cell selection, there were 4 highlighted promising lines of egg-plant and 5 lines of tomato that exceeded the control samples and the initial genotypes in their resistance to fusarium and in fertility. Conclusions. The pos- sibility and effi ciency of the biotechnology of accelerated creation of and express-tests on the breeding lines of egg-plant and tomato resistant to F. oxysporum were substantiated and experimentally proved in order to cut the time necessary for the attainment of resistant initial material.
Sex Determination Systems Based on PCR for Salmonids Reared in Ukraine
Authors: Rud Yu. , Grytsyniak I.
Published: July 2015

Aims. To analyse highly conserved male-specifi c sequences in Y chromosome of salmonid species and de- velop the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid identifi cation of fi sh sex. Methods. DNA sequence analysis, phylogenetic analysis, DNA extraction, primers design, PCR and sequencing were used. Results. Using the data from NCBI GenBank, all available sequences of male-specifi c Y-chromosome genes (sdY) in salmonid species were analyzed for specifi c oligonucleotide primer design. The PCR assay for rapid identifi cation of males in rainbow trout Onchorhynchus mykiss, brown trout Salmo trutta, huchen Hucho hucho and grayling Thymallus thymallus was developed. The length of PCR products was in the range of 200–800 base pairs (bp). The specifi city of the amplifi ed fragments was tested by sequencing of PCR products. All PCR products corresponded to the areas of the Y chromosome where the sdY loci are located. The comparison of the amplifi ed DNAs revealed high identity (95–99 %) between the
sequences of the rainbow trout, the brown trout, the huchen, and the grayling. The highest identity rates were noted among one specifi c genus and the percent- age of homology was approximately 99 % as shown for rainbow trout O. mykiss. Conclusions. The sex of the mentioned above fi sh species can be readily determined by the PCR assay which allows performing simple identifi cation of “neomales” in the indirect feminization method via the hormonal sex reversal. The assay can be classifi ed as express diagnostics, because the data analysis and the delivery of the generated results to the fi sh-farming site can be accomplished within a day.
The Project of the Bioenergetic Agroecosystems Science Park
Authors: Kozachenko O.
Published: July 2015

A great number of novel Ukrainian technologies are used by industrial and commercial structures with the vio- lation of intellectual property rights of their authors. There are about 10 managers per one promising scientifi c idea in the developed countries, while this proportion is inverse for Ukraine: on average there is one manager per ten ideas. As a result less than 4 % of Ukrainian enterprises are active innovation-wise and over 80 % of scientifi c and technical products are non-demanded. This situation is conditioned by the development specifi ci- ties of the domestic market economy, based on trade and fi nancial transactions instead of research intensity of the production. The current state of things does not meet the requirements of the innovation-driven growth and makes wide use of modern scientifi c achievement in the agriculture impossible. Aim. To study current prob- lems of introducing the promising technological solutions into the agriculture. To recommend the mechanism of transferring
scientifi c research results into production using the example of Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project. To suggest the scheme of coordinating the interests of economic entities while introducing scien- tifi c research results into the production. Methods. The following approaches were used to achieve the above- mentioned aims: abstract and logical method, synthesis, analysis, and induction methods. Results. Financial, economic, and legal aspects of the innovation market were considered. Based on the domestic and foreign ana- logues of establishing the existing science parks, the mechanism of transferring scientifi c research and devel- opment in the agrarian science into production was presented. The Bioenergetic Agroecosystems pilot project was used to suggest the industrial and organizational structure of the science park. The scheme of coordinating the interests of scientifi c research institutions, the agricultural producers and the state in the development of the market of innovation products in
the agrarian sector of economy was elaborated. Conclusions. The realization of novel scientifi c decisions in the production should be provided by the following means: operating mecha- nisms of their stimulation on the state level, the improvement in the qualifi cation level of scientists towards the transfer of scientifi c research and development and the elaboration of the communication infrastructure in the information support of the industry. The creation of a science park is the way of uniting the scientifi c and industrial potential into the single system of effi cient ecological land use and the example of solving economic, ecological and social issues.
Effectiveness of complex inoculation of spring wheat with N[2] -fi xing bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and mold-antagonist Chaetomium cochliodes
Authors: Kopylov E.
Published: July 2015

Aim. To study the specifi cities of complex inoculation of spring wheat roots with the bacteria of Azospirillum genus and Chaetomium cochliodes Palliser 3250, and the isolation of bacteria of Azospirillum genus, capable of fi xing atmospheric nitrogen, from the rhizospheric soil, washed-off roots and histoshere. Materials and meth- ods. The phenotypic features of the selected bacteria were identifi ed according to Bergi key. The molecular the polymerase chain reaction and genetic analysis was used for the identifi cation the bacteria. Results. It has been demonstrated that during the introduction into the root system of spring wheat the strain of A. brasilensе 102 actively colonizes rhizospheric soil, root surface and is capable of penetrating into the inner plant tissues. Conclusions. The soil ascomucete of C. cochliodes 3250 promotes better settling down of Azospirillum cells in spring wheat root zone, especially in plant histosphere which induces the increase in the content of chlorophyll a and b in the
leaves and yield of the crop.
Phase-shift fault analysis of Trivium
Authors: Hromada Viliam , Varga Juraj
Published: July 2015

This paper deals with the phase-shift fault analysis of cipher Trivium. So far, only bit-flipping technique has been presented in the literature. The best fault attack on Trivium [13] combines bit-flipping with algebraic cryptanalysis and needs to induce 2 one-bit faults and to generate 420 bits per each keystream. Our attack combines phase-shifting and algebraic cryptanalysis and needs to phase-shift 2 registers of the cipher and to generate 120 bits per each keystream.
Cryptanalysis of chosen symmetric homomorphic schemes
Authors: Vizár Damian , Vaudenay Serge
Published: July 2015

Since Gentry’s breakthrough result was introduced in the year 2009, the homomorphic encryption has become a very popular topic. The main contribution of Gentry’s thesis [5] was, that it has proven, that it actually is possible to design a fully homomorphic encryption scheme. However ground-breaking Gentry’s result was, the designs, that employ the bootstrapping technique suffer from terrible performance both in key generation and homomorphic evaluation of circuits. Some authors tried to design schemes, that could evaluate homomorphic circuits of arbitrarily many inputs without need of bootstrapping. This paper introduces the notion of symmetric homomorphic encryption, and analyses the security of four such proposals, published in three different papers ([2], [7], [10]). Our result is a known plaintext key-recovery attack on every one of these schemes.
Optical and cytotoxicity properties of water soluble type II CdTe/CdSe nanoparticles synthesised via a green method
Authors: Ncapayi Vuyelwa , Oluwafemi Samuel O. , Songca Sandile P. , Kodama Tetsuya
Published: July 2015

We herein report the optical and cytotoxicity properties of highly luminescent water soluble mercaptopropanoic acid (MPA) capped CdTe/CdSe core shell nanoparticles (NPs). The synthesis of the CdTe/CdSe NPs was carried out via a simple, one pot and economical route, involving the use of greener materials under ambient environment in the absence of an inert atmosphere. The temporal evolution of the size and optical properties of the nanomaterials was investigated by varying the reaction time and stability of the as-synthesised material at pH 12. The as-synthesised nanomaterials were characterised using UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The nanoparticles obtained were of high quality with high absorption and emission features. Addition of Se precursor to produce CdSe layer on the CdTe NPs core surface resulted in significant red shirt of both the absorption and emission maxima. The stability study showed that the emission maximum peak positions and FWHM remain the same with increase in emission intensity for all the NPs during the aging period. The cytotoxicity assay showed very high cell viability for the CdTe/CdSe NPs produced at 7 h compared with those produced at 30 mins as the concentration increased from 0.1 to 60 ug/ml. The lower cytotoxicity at the higher reaction time was attributed to the higher stability of the material and hence lower release of Cd2+.
Breast cancer detection using charge sensors coupled to DNA monolayer
Authors: Batistuti Marina R. , Mulato Marcelo , Bueno Paulo R.
Published: July 2015

We report the development of a label-free biosensors based on DNA hybridization, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This study uses DNA sequences based on microRNA related with breast cancer. The biosensor was fabricated by immobilizing a self-assembled monolayer of single-stranded 23-mer oligonucleotide (ssDNA) via a thiol linker on gold work electrodes. Residual binding places were filled with 6 -mercaptohexanol (MCH). The electrode was electrochemicaly characterized in the presence of a redox system ferri/ferrocyanide. Different concentrations of complementary DNA sequence for hybridization were incubated; an increase of charge transfer resistance (Rct) was observed, used as sensor parameter and correlated with concentrations of complementary DNA sequence. A debate was presented on the effect of the MgCl2 influence on ssDNA immobilization solution.
Der Tuberkulin-Hauttest: Literatur, Richtlinie und Umsetzung in der Praxis
Authors: Pucken V.-B. , Götz F. , Mansfeld R. , Moder S. , Sauter-Louis C. , Straubinger R. K. , Knubben-Schweizer G.
Published: July 2015

Gegenstand und Ziel: Aufgrund vermehrter Tuberkuloseausbrüche in Rinderbeständen in der Region Allgäu in den letzten Jahren wurde die flächendeckende Tuberkulinisierung in dieser Region wieder aufgenommen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, einen Überblick über die aktuellen Kenntnisse der Nutztierpraktiker bezüglich der Technik des Tuberkulinisierens zu erhalten sowie basierend auf der aktuellen Gesetzeslage einen Leitfaden zur Anwendung der Methode zu erstellen. Material und Methoden: Das Wissen und die Erfahrungen der Nutztierpraktiker zur aktuellen Tuberkulinisierung wurden mithilfe eines Fragebogens erfragt, gesammelt und ausgewertet. Die Antworten der Tierärzte wurden mit der aktuellen und den vorherigen Fassungen des Anhangs B der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1226/2002 der Kommission verglichen. Ergebnisse: An der Befragung nahmen insgesamt 137 Tierärzte teil. Sieben Fragebögen waren nicht auswertbar, sodass die Antworten von 130 Tierärzten in die Auswertung eingingen. Vierundvierzig dieser 130 Teilnehmer tuberkulinisierten zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung. Von 44 ausgefüllten Fragebögen der tuberkulinisierenden Teilnehmer konnten 42 in die abschließende Auswertung einfließen. Ein Großteil der Nutztierpraktiker nimmt die Tuberkulinisierung so vor, wie sie in der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1226/2002 der Kommission vom 8. Juli 2002 zur Änderung von Anhang B der Richtlinie 64/432/EWG des Rates gefordert ist. Bei der Kontrolle der Ergebnisse weichen jedoch viele Praktiker von den Vorgaben in der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1226/2002 ab. Die Tierärzte, die am stärksten davon abweichen, tuberkulinisieren ent weder nur einzelne Tiere oder nicht im stark betroffenen Regierungsbezirk Schwaben. Schlussfolgerungen: In den besonders von der Tuberkulose betroffenen Gebieten wird die Methode des Tuberkulini sierens von den im Rahmen dieser Studie befragten Tierärzten nahezu so ausgeführt, wie es die Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1226/2002 fordert. Beim Ablesen der Ergebnisse sollte allerdings ein einheitlicheres und sorgsameres Vorgehen angestrebt werden. Der im Rahmen dieser Studie verfasste Leitfaden kann dabei helfen. Die Informationen aus der Literatursichtung zeigen zudem, dass es bisher kein standardisiertes Verfahren zur Tuberkulinisierung gibt.
Age determination in dogs using ocular light reflection, dental abrasion and tartar
Authors: Failing K. , Neiger R. , Gesierich K.
Published: July 2015

Objective: The knowledge of an animal’s age is important for disease probability, prognoses, or epidemiological questions, but unfortunately, it is often unknown for dogs in animal shelters. A simple estimating procedure is preferable being quick and easy to perform, even for nonveterinarians. Material and methods: In 295 dogs the dimension of light reflection (diameter in millimetres), visible on the posterior lens capsule using a penlight, the grade of dental abrasion and dental tartar were documented photographically and the exact weight and age in days were obtained. These photographs were evaluated blinded. The dogs were divided randomly into two groups. The first group was used to establish a model for age determination using linear and logistic regression models considering the documented parameters, which was then validated with the data of the second group. Results: The size of ocular light reflection and age correlated significantly (r = 0.781; p < 0.001; sy,x = 2.45 years [SD of y for given x]). The linear regression model gave the final equation: Estimated age [months] = 13.954 + 33.400 × lens reflection [mm] + 8.406 × dental abrasion [grade] + 8.871 × tartar [grade] with a standard error of estimation of 2.26 years. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Age determination, even based on three parameters results in a large standard deviation making age estimation in dogs very crude.
Feminist Music Therapists in North America: Their Lives and Their Practices
Authors: Curtis Sandra L.
Published: July 2015

This survey study investigated the lives and practices of those in North America who self-identify as feminist music therapists. Earlier reports from this survey studied: 1) the experiences of music therapists, with a comparison of men, women, and their 1990 counterparts (Curtis, 2013d); 2) the experiences of music therapists who self-identify as community music therapists (Curtis, 2015); and 3) the experiences of music therapists in Canada as they compare with their U.S. counterparts (Curtis, in press, a). This current and final report explored the experiences of those in Canada and the United States who self-identify as feminist music therapists (50 from the 682 respondents). Areas of similarities and differences were noted between feminist music therapy respondents, Community Music Therapy respondents, and survey respondents as a whole. Similarities existed in terms of: age; gender (predominantly female) and ethnicity makeup (predominantly Caucasian); career satisfaction; and degree and nature of concerns in their lives. Differences existed in that: 1) greater numbers of feminist music therapy respondents worked in academic settings and had higher levels of education; 2) more feminist music therapists felt there was an impact of sex discrimination in peoples’ lives than did the community music therapists, or survey respondents as a whole (98%, 68.5%, and 67% respectively); 3) more feminist music therapy respondents held concerns about discrimination across many other intersections such as race/ethnicity and sexual orientation (98%, 74%, and 76% respectively); and 4) significantly more in Canada self-identified as feminist music therapists than did their U.S. counterparts. Qualitative analysis of respondents’ thoughts on feminist music therapy identified the following themes: being a feminist, belief and orientation, and working for empowerment and equality. The potential contribution that feminist music therapy offers the music therapy profession as a whole was highlighted in terms of its understanding of the impact of multiple sources of marginalization and privilege. This potential contribution could be enhanced through future research into the profiles of feminist music therapists living in other parts of the world.
Music, Violence and Music Therapy with Young People in Schools: A Position Paper
Authors: McFerran Katrina Skewes , Wölfl Andreas
Published: July 2015

Music therapists have rarely involved themselves in the discourse linking music and violence.  Instead, representatives of the profession have advocated for the positive outcomes that can result from the use of music by trained therapists working with people who have experienced violence or been violent.  In this position paper, we will elaborate a much-needed position that first acknowledges the ways that music can promote violence, and then focuses on different ways to work with young people involved in violence.  The position paper is structured around the examination of three types of music therapy programs and our purpose is to bring to light the beliefs that underpin each program, both the viewpoints about the cause of violence, and assumptions about how potentially negative relationships between young people and music can be made positive.  We conclude by describing different methods for evaluating such programs that are congruent with the assumptions that underpin them.  It is hoped that the positions we delineate will support music therapists and others to be more conscious of the relationship between music and violence when designing programs for young people.
Propriedades mecânicas, tribológicas e térmicas de nanocompósitos de PLLA com nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas
Authors: Bertholdi Jonas , Opelt Carlos Vinicius , Milan Júlio César Giubilei , Coelho Luiz Antonio Ferreira , Lepienski Carlos Maurício
Published: July 2015

Neste trabalho são estudados os efeitos da adição de nanotubos de carbono de parede múltipla (NCPM) em uma matriz de Poli(L-ácido láctico) (PLLA). Foras avaliadas duas rotas distintas de dispersão dos NCPM, uma utilizando agitação mecânica em solvente e a outra utilizando sonificação de alta energia em solvente. As propriedades mecânicas destes nanocompósitos foram avaliadas utilizando nanoindentação e microdureza vickers. Através da calorimetria exploratória diferencial foram determinadas as propriedades térmicas dos nanocompósitos (Tg, Tc, Tm e cristalinidade) obtidas. Por último, as propriedades tribológicas foram determinadas através de ensaios de deslizamento do tipo pino sobre disco, onde foram utilizadas diferentes cargas normais. As propriedades mecânicas e térmicas não foram significativamente afetadas pela adição do nanotubos, o que não se repetiu nas propriedades tribológicas, onde tanto o método de dispersão quanto a concentração de NCPM afetaram as propriedades. A micrografia das trilhas de desgaste sugere ainda que o mecanismo atuante foi modificado com a incorporação dos nanotubos, o mesmo pode ter acontecido nas amostras sonificadas.
Filmes compostos biodegradáveis a base de amido de mandioca e proteína de soja
Authors: Rocha Geisa Oliveira , Farias Mônica Guimarães , Carvalho Carlos Wanderlei Piler de , Ascheri José Luis Ramírez , Galdeano Melicia Cintia
Published: July 2015

Filmes provenientes de biopolímeros (polissacarídeos e proteínas) apresentam-se como alternativa ao uso de derivados petroquímicos, possibilitando a formação de matrizes contínuas, e a otimização de parâmetros como pH e tipo de plastificante pode resultar em materiais com propriedades melhoradas. Neste estudo, filmes de amido de mandioca produzidos por casting foram avaliados quanto a adição de extrato proteico de soja (EPS), glicerol e pH do meio. O aumento da concentração de EPS levou ao escurecimento dos filmes, ao aumento da solubilidade e aumentou o pH. O maior teor de plastificante e o menor pH elevaram a permeabilidade ao vapor de água (PVA). A menor PVA (0,057 g mm h-1 m-2 kPa-1) foi obtida com máximo teor de EPS (47%) e 13% de glicerol em pH 12. A força de perfuração variou de 0,08 a 2,78 N, sendo os maiores valores com adição de EPS e glicerol em nível intermediário (30%) em pH neutro. A maior deformação na perfuração (31,9%) ocorreu no teor de EPS mais baixo (13%) e de glicerol mais alto (47%). Considerando-se os fatores desejáveis: baixa PVA, baixa solubilidade e boa resistência mecânica, os filmes produzidos com 15,2% de EPS, 29,2% de glicerol em pH 6,1 foram os que mais bem atenderam a estas características.
Síntese de látices com baixa concentração de compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs): efeito das técnicas de redução dos COVs nas propriedades dos látexes e das tintas
Authors: Oliveira Maurício Pinheiro de , Silva Caroline Reggiani da
Published: July 2015

A redução dos compostos orgânicos voláteis (COVs) nos látices produzidos via polimerização em emulsão é uma opção viável, mas em algumas situações pode comprometer a qualidade do látex. Diferentes técnicas de redução da concentração dos monômeros e dos COVs foram estudadas com o objetivo de entender o efeito destas técnicas e da concentração dos COVs nas propriedades de aplicação dos látices e das tintas. Os látices de estireno com acrilato de 2-etil hexila funcionalizados com ácido acrílico e acrilamida foram produzidos via polimerização em emulsão, seguido por remoção química, física e a combinação de ambas as técnicas de redução dos monômeros e dos COVs. Os parâmetros relacionados à técnica de redução dos COVs, ao tipo de iniciador, ao agente de redução e à introdução de nitrogênio saturado com vapor de água foram estudados e correlacionados com as propriedades de aplicação das tintas. A combinação da técnica química com a técnica física foi mais eficiente na redução dos monômeros e dos COVs nos látices. As técnicas utilizadas na redução dos COVs tiveram influência negativa nas propriedades de aplicação dos látices. A resistência à abrasão dos filmes de tinta foi dependente da técnica empregada e da concentração dos COVs.