bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy to monitor glucose metabolism in pancreatic islets in vivo
Authors: Wang Zhongying , Archang Maani , Gurlo Tatyana , Wong Elaine , Fraser Scott E. , Butler Peter C.
Published: July 2023

Glucose stimulated insulin secretion is mediated by glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation generating ATP that triggers membrane depolarization and exocytosis of insulin. In stressed beta cells, glucose metabolism is remodeled, with enhanced glycolysis uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in the impaired glucose-mediated insulin secretion characteristic of diabetes. Relative changes in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation can be monitored in living cells using the 3-component fitting approach of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). We engrafted pancreatic islets onto the iris to permit in vivo FLIM monitoring of the trajectory of glucose metabolism. The results show increased oxidative phosphorylation of islet cells (∼90% beta cells) in response to hyperglycemia; in contrast red blood cells traversing the islets maintained exclusive glycolysis as expected in the absence of mitochondria.
Improve the model of disease subtype heterogeneity by leveraging external summary data
Authors: Fu Sheng , Purdue Mark P. , Zhang Han , Qin Jing , Song Lei , Berndt Sonja I. , Yu Kai
Published: July 2023

Researchers are often interested in understanding the disease subtype heterogeneity by testing whether a risk exposure has the same level of effect on different disease subtypes. The polytomous logistic regression (PLR) model provides a flexible tool for such an evaluation. Disease subtype heterogeneity can also be investigated with a case-only study that uses a case-case comparison procedure to directly assess the difference between risk effects on two disease subtypes. Motivated by a large consortium project on the genetic basis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, we develop PolyGIM, a procedure to fit the PLR model by integrating individual-level data with summary data extracted from multiple studies under different designs. The summary data consist of coefficient estimates from working logistic regression models established by external studies. Examples of the working model include the case-case comparison model and the case-control comparison model, which compares the control group with a subtype group or a broad disease group formed by merging several subtypes. PolyGIM efficiently evaluates risk effects and provides a powerful test for disease subtype heterogeneity in situations when only summary data, instead of individual-level data, is available from external studies due to various informatics and privacy constraints. We investigate the theoretic properties of PolyGIM and use simulation studies to demonstrate its advantages. Using data from eight genome-wide association studies within the NHL consortium, we apply it to study the effect of the polygenic risk score defined by a lymphoid malignancy on the risks of four NHL subtypes. These results show that PolyGIM can be a valuable tool for pooling data from multiple sources for a more coherent evaluation of disease subtype heterogeneity.
Acceptability and feasibility of home and hospital follow-up in Burkina Faso and Guinea: A mixed-method study among patients of the COVID-19 Coverage-Africa clinical trial
Authors: Plazy Mélanie , Doucet Marie-Hélène , Timbo Songbono Christine , Sanon Anselme , Issiaka Bamba , Martin Caroline , Da Inès , L’hostellier Anthony , Marcy Olivier , Malvy Denis , Poda Armel , Delamou Alexandre , Berthé Abdramane , Orne-Gliemann Joanna
Published: July 2023

Patient experiences and perspectives on trial participation and follow-up may influence their compliance with research procedures or negatively impact their well-being. We aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of home-based and hospital-based follow-up modalities among COVID-19 patients enrolled in the ANTICOV ANRS COV33 Coverage-Africa trial in Burkina Faso and Guinea. The trial (2021–2022) evaluated the efficacy of treatments to prevent clinical worsening among COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Patients were either based at home or hospitalized, as per national recommendations, and followed-up through face-to-face visits and phone calls. We conducted a mixed-methods sub-study administering a questionnaire to all consenting participants and individually interviewing purposively selected participants. We performed descriptive analyses of Likert scale questions for the questionnaires and thematic analysis for the interviews. We conducted framework analysis and interpretation. Of the 400 trial patients, 220 completed the questionnaire (n = 182 in Burkina Faso, n = 38 in Guinea) and 24 were interviewed (n = 16 and n = 8, respectively). Participants were mostly followed-up at home in Burkina Faso; all patients from Guinea were first hospitalized, then followed-up at home. Over 90% of participants were satisfied with follow-up. Home follow-up was considered acceptable if (i) participants perceived they were not severely ill, (ii) it was combined with telemedicine, and (iii) the risk of stigma could be avoided. Hospital-based follow-up was viewed as a way to prevent contamination of family members, but could be badly experienced when mandatory and conflicting with family responsibilities and commitments. Phone calls were seen as reassuring and as a way to ensure continuity of care. These overall positive findings support the development of home-based follow-up for mildly ill patients in West-Africa, provided that both emotional and cognitive factors at individual, familial/inter-relational, healthcare and national levels be addressed when planning the implementation of a trial, or developing any public health strategy.
An absence of evidence breeds contempt: A qualitative study of health system stakeholder perceptions of the quality of medicines available in Senegal
Authors: Lalani Mirza , Matafwali Scott Kaba , Ndiaye Aminata Dior , Webster Jayne , Clarke Sian E. , Kaur Harparkash
Published: July 2023

Poor-quality medicines pose a significant challenge for health systems in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs),with recent deaths in multiple countries following ingestion of substandard cough syrups emphasising the need for quality-assurance of medicines in our increasingly interconnected global markets. Research also suggests that the source (country of manufacture) and type of medicine (generic/brand) are perceived to be associated with medicine quality. This study explores perceptions of medicines quality among national stakeholders of a medicines quality assurance system (MQAS) in sub-Saharan Africa. Through semi-structured interviews (n = 29) with managers from organisations responsible for the MQAS, public-sector doctors and nurses, and regulated private-sector pharmacists in three urban centres in Senegal in 2013. A thematic approach to analysis was undertaken with themes organised under three main categories, the source of drugs, the type of medicine, and medicines storage. A key emerging theme was the perception of the inferior quality of generic medicines, especially those produced in Asia and Africa, as they were lower in cost and thus believed to be less effective in alleviating symptoms than their brand versions. Medicines in Senegal’s less regulated (informal) street markets were also thought to be of poor-quality as they were not subjected to national regulatory processes or stored appropriately, resulting in exposure to direct sunlight and high temperatures. In contrast, the interviewees expressed confidence in medicines quality within the regulated sectors (public and private retail pharmacies) attributed to stringent national medicines regulation, secure medicines supply chains and adequate technical capacity to survey and analyse for medicines quality. Also, the views expressed typically described a medicine’s quality in terms of its effectiveness in alleviating the symptoms of ill health (efficacy of a medicine).These perceptions may have implications for developing national medicines policy, the procurement and supply of affordable medicines and consumers’ decision-making when purchasing medicines. Indeed, a proclivity for supplying and purchasing more expensive brand medicines may act as a barrier to accessing essential medicines.
Evaluation of a remote monitoring service for patients with COVID-19 discharged from University College London Hospital
Authors: Crilly Declan , Shakeshaft Peter , Marks Michael , Logan Sarah , Cutfield Tim
Published: July 2023

Introduction

In May 2020 a virtual ward for COVID-19 patients seen at University College London Hospital (UCLH) was established. The aim of this study was to see if specific factors can be used to predict the risk of deterioration and need for Emergency Department (ED) reattendance or admission.

Methods

We performed a service evaluation of the COVID-19 virtual ward service at UCLH between 24/10/2020 and 12/2/2021. 649 patients were included with data collected on vital signs, basic measurements, and blood tests from their initial ED attendance, allowing calculation of ISARIC-4C mortality scores. Outcomes of interest were ED reattendance, facilitation of this by virtual ward physician, level of care if admitted, and death within 28 days of the first COVID-19 virtual ward appointment. Analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results

Reattendance rate to ED was 17.3% (112/649) of which 8% (51/649) were admitted. Half of ED reattendances were facilitated by the virtual ward service. Overall mortality was 0.92%. Patients who reattended ED, facilitated by the virtual ward service, had a higher mean CRP (53.63 vs 41.67 mg/L), presented to ED initially later in their COVID-19 illness (8 vs 6.5 days) and had a higher admission rate (61 vs 39%). The mean ISARIC-4C score was higher in the reattendance group compared to the non-reattendance group (3.87 vs 3.48, difference of 0.179, p = 0.003). The mean ISARIC-4C score was higher in the admission group than the non-reattendance group (5.56 vs 3.48, difference of 0.115, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

Identification of patient risk factors for reattendance following a diagnosis of COVID-19 in ED can be used to design a service to safely manage patients remotely. We found that the ISARIC -4C mortality score was associated with risk of hospital admission and could be used to identify those requiring more active remote follow up.
YouTube as a source of information on ectopic pregnancy: A qualitative and quantitative analysis
Authors: Bulle Camille , Lallemant Marine , Rigori Clara , Ramanah Rajeev
Published: July 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on ectopic pregnancies for the public.

Method

We searched for the key terms “ectopic pregnancy”, “ectopic birth” and “extra uterine pregnancy” on YouTube. Each video that met the inclusion criteria was analyzed by two independent raters. Quantitative and qualitative metrics were recorded, and the videos were scored using the DISCERN instrument.

Results

A total of 37 videos met the inclusion criteria. The mean overall DISCERN score was 44.5 ± 15.6. Videos had significantly a higher DISCERN score if they contained explanations on anatomy (pvalue <0.01), physiopathology (p-value <0.01), diagnosis (p-value = <0.01), treatments (p-value <0.01), symptoms (p-value <0.01), clear information (p-value <0.01), animations (p-value <0.01) and if it was a physician speaking (p-value <0.01).

Conclusion

YouTube videos on ectopic pregnancy have been assessed to be only fairly reliable. We identified the five best ones using the validated DISCERN instrument. While ectopic pregnancy is not uncommon, YouTube videos should be improved to provide more accurate information for the public.
Feasibility of microencapsulated phytochemical as disinfectant for inhibition of Candida albicans proliferation on denture base produced by digital light processing
Authors: Jo Ye-Hyeon , Lee Won-Jun , Yoon Hyung-In
Published: July 2023

Backgrounds

A proper disinfection of denture is vital to prevent a fungal infection. A study on the feasibility of microencapsulated phytochemical as complementary disinfectant and its interaction with effervescent tablet immersion on denture base resin is lacking.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of phytochemical-filled microcapsules as disinfectant for the inhibition of Candida albicans (C. albicans) attachment on the denture base produced by digital light processing (DLP).

Methods

54 denture base specimens uniformly mixed with or without 5wt% phytochemical-filled microcapsules were prepared using DLP. Fungal cells were inoculated onto the surfaces of the specimens, which were divided into three different disinfection treatment groups (n = 9): 1) none, 2) sterile tap water immersion for 15 min, and 3) effervescent tablet immersion for 15 min. After each treatment, the biofilm on denture surface was stained with a crystal violet solution to measure the absorbance. The number of fungal colonies was counted as colony-forming units (CFU) per mL. Morphological changes were examined by microscopy. An aligned rank transform analysis of variance was performed to analyze the interaction of presence of microcapsule and disinfection condition, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

Results

Both for the absorbance and CFU, there was no significant interaction between the presence of microcapsules and disinfection conditions (P = 0.543 and P = 0.077, respectively). The presence of microcapsules was statistically significant (both P < 0.001), while the effect of disinfection condition was not significant (P = 0.165 and P = 0.189, respectively). Morphological changes in fungi were detected in the groups containing microcapsules, whereas undamaged hyphal structures were found in those without microcapsules, irrespective of disinfection treatments.

Conclusions

The presence of phytochemical-filled microcapsules significantly reduced the adhesion of C. albicans and inhibited its proliferation on denture surfaces, regardless of disinfection conditions.
Interventions towards barriers to the practice of physical activity in adolescence: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Terra Lauryane Fonseca , Costa Woska Pires da , Silva Regina Márcia Ferreira , Rezende Leonardo Mateus Teixeira de , Noll Matias , Noll Priscilla Rayanne E. Silva
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Lack of regular physical activity is recognized as a global public health issue. Three out of every four adolescents do not adhere to physical activity recommendations. Thus, this systematic review will evaluate interventions employed to minimize barriers to physical activity among adolescents. Herein, we present the study protocol. To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review to assess the interventions implemented to minimize barriers to the practice of physical activity among adolescents. A systematic understanding of the most effective interventions to reduce the barriers to physical activity is essential.

Method and analysis

We will search five databases: two multidisciplinary (Scopus and Web of Science) and three other health-related databases (Embase, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed). The search will be limited to original peer-reviewed articles published in English, with no time restrictions. The search strategy will use MeSH terms and their variations to maximize the search strategy. Two reviewers will independently read the included articles, extract the data, and evaluate the methodological quality using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation scale and the risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and Downs and Black scale. Discrepancies will be resolved by a third reviewer. This systematic review will follow the guidelines outlined in the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Discussion

The outcomes of this study are expected to enhance the current understanding of the obstacles to physical activity among adolescents and aid in the development or modification of programs to combat physical inactivity in this population. Consequently, these findings should have a positive impact on current and future adolescent health outcomes.

Ethics and disclosure

Ethical approval will not be required for this study as it is an analysis of previously published articles (i.e., secondary data). The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42022382174.
(Trans)national digital fandom: Online engagement of Japanese Crash Landing on You fans during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jaworowicz-Zimny Aleksandra
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic caused people worldwide to spend more time at home, looking for entertainment on the internet, including video on demand services. In Japan, the growing popularity of Netflix resulted in an increased consumption of Korean content, a trend that manifested itself particularly in the massive popularity of a South Korean drama Crash Landing on You, the most watched programme of 2020 on Netflix Japan. This article analyses various manifestations of Crash Landing on You’s popularity, focusing primarily on fan digital practices: online fan meetings, drama food recreation video sharing and virtual tourism. Based on the data gathered via online content analysis, digital ethnography and interviews, the author argues that these practices allow deeper immersion into the narrative world and intimacy building with the characters, offering entertainment, safety and comfort. Moreover, even though digital practices are not limited by national borders, thus often associated with transnational fandom, provided case studies suggest that intimacy building with the object of fannish affection has close ties to the national focus of presented practices.
The I Ching as a medium: An adjectival glossary
Authors: Zhang Peter
Published: July 2023

After presenting the I Ching as a medium, this piece goes on to reveal the characteristics of the ancient Chinese sacred book from diverse perspectives. To maintain a fast tempo, and to stay within the bounds of what counts as a probe, the entries have been explained in a suggestive rather than exhaustive manner. Put otherwise, the piece seeks to say more with less, much like how the I Ching itself communicates. Although arranged alphabetically, the entries can be read in any order. As a matter of fact, the reader may experience the shock of recognition when leaping from entry to entry aleatorily. To pay homage to McLuhan, the piece ends with a tetrad on the I Ching. The reader is encouraged to read the piece in dialogue with ‘McLuhan and the I Ching: An interological inquiry’, ‘Flusser and the I Ching’ and ‘Focal knowledge, medium bias, and metamedium’.
Forms of technostalgia: Understanding cultures of the obsolete
Authors: Rajendran Punnya
Published: July 2023

The term ‘technostalgia’ refers to a range of admittedly quirky and often collectible devices that frequently hit the market, promising customers the experience of past technology in the present. Using this marketing trend as a starting point, this article attempts to trace ‘other’ technostalgias in their plurality elsewhere in order to plump the philosophical dimensions of the concept. Upon unpacking the underlying structure of technostalgia (in terms of subject–object relations, as social practice, etc.), we may relocate the technological subject within the global–local horizon and rethink the social history of technology as a history of becoming-obsolete – i.e. a history of what we may do (or not do) with the fate of ‘becoming-obsolete’ other than being subjected to it. To this effect, the article describes the structure of technostalgia not once but thrice and from three different vantage points: the first being the most evident and ‘first’ market version of technostalgia, the second being technostalgia as contemporary art practice in the form of hand-drawn or graphic non-fiction narratives, and the third being technostalgia as a historical ‘incident’ of sorts related to the advent of photography against the colonial context.
Data prophesies and soothsaying: Gatekeeping in the era of platform media
Authors: Rastogi Akriti
Published: July 2023

Data is often read as an algorithmic object, a bot and a tool for interpreting media markets. While speculative box-office figures have been conventionally used to make sense of industry trends, data analytics has emerged as a new tool. Films are increasingly seen as value-accruing enterprises and neoliberal markets define them from the singular logic of content. As a result, much like any other neoliberal product, a film has to be further divisible into other monetizable traits and entities that add to the long chain of value, helping in prolonging its shelf life. Moreover, the audience has increasingly migrated towards individual device-based screenings as opposed to theatrical viewing, making it possible to monetize their viewing activities and trace them as dividuals. Storytelling becomes about beats, as data becomes a tool for reifying the speculative financial framework for the film industry. This article attempts to map the changing contours of Hindi film industry by examining how data is appropriated to make projections about the future and interpret trends and preferences.
South Asian Gothic: Haunted Cultures, Histories and Media, Katarzyna Ancuta and Deimantas Valančiūnas (eds) (2021)
Authors: Bissoyi Sanjay K.
Published: July 2023

Review of: South Asian Gothic: Haunted Cultures, Histories and Media, Katarzyna Ancuta and Deimantas Valančiūnas (eds) (2021)

Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 284 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78683-800-1, h/bk, £70.00
“También ayudar o facilitar la búsqueda de trabajo”. Discursos de interventoras/es en situaciones de trabajo infantil de programas del SENAME en la Comuna de Valparaíso (Chile)
Authors: Bustos Fuentes Eduardo Eugenio , Sánchez-Aliaga Mauricio Andrés
Published: July 2023

Introducción. Este artículo estudia los procesos de intervención de trabajo infantil desde el enfoque de la gubernamentalidad y los dispositivos, analizando los discursos de interventoras/es de programas de infancia que abordan situaciones de trabajo infantil (TI) en la Comuna de Valparaíso (Chile). Metodología. Se utilizó el enfoque cualitativo a través de la aplicación de 9 entrevistas individuales y 2 grupos de discusión a 19 interventoras/es, las que fueron analizadas usando el método de Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD). Resultados. Se da cuenta de una crítica al modelo de intervención diseñado por los dispositivos institucionales que abordan situaciones de vulneración de derechos de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes (NNA), incluyendo el TI. Esta crítica a la intervención conduciría a reinterpretaciones de las prácticas que, desde disposiciones afectivas, intervienen el problema. La intervención toma distancia del enfoque prohibicionista y abordaría el TI sólo en situaciones que afecten el proceso educativo o ante trabajos riesgosos. En ciertos contextos familiares y perfiles de NNA, algunas modalidades de TI son consideradas como protectoras y beneficiosas, llegando a ser incorporadas a los procesos de intervención. Finalmente, se argumenta que los procesos de subjetivación de NNA trabajadoras/es responden a escenarios signados por la restitución de sus derechos y, de corresponder, la reinserción educativa y resignificación de la vulneración, pero también por una justificación de la actividad laboral. Discusión. La reinterpretación de prácticas modificaría los dispositivos, reordenando las expectativas y experiencias de las y los NNA, así como las consecuencias dispuestas por el ensamblaje institucional. Conclusiones. El estudio ofrece una lectura complementaria del trabajo infantil que enfatiza las tensiones en los procesos de intervención y operaciones para obtención de resultados en NNA vulnerados en sus derechos. Se concluye que la intervención dependerá del tipo de trabajo y la interpretación que realiza la o el interventor, evidenciándose una racionalización del prohibicionismo, un bajo reconocimiento del trabajo como vulneración de derechos y una justificación de la actividad laboral, por lo que no opera una subjetivación crítica del TI. Los resultados se circunscriben a interventoras/es de la Comuna de Valparaíso y su entramado institucional, considerándose relevante investigar otros dispositivos de la región y el país, con el fin de identificar diferencias y semejanzas en la construcción del problema por parte de las y los interventores.
El ocio familiar desde la perspectiva de los progenitores
Authors: Álvarez-Muñoz José Santiago , Hernández-Prados Mª Ángeles , Belmonte María Luisa
Published: July 2023

Introducción. La revalorización de un tiempo de disfrute compartido en las familias, que suponga una oportunidad para el encuentro lúdico-educativo y las relaciones dialógicas, junto al amplio abanico de actividades de ocio que se potencian en una sociedad consumista, induce a cuestionarnos cuáles de ellas forman parte de la microcultura familiar. Además, la sensibilidad contextual del ocio se hace extensible al ámbito familiar, de manera que las variables de índole socioeconómico-cultural asociadas a este agente educativo condicionan el perfil de ocio que se ejerce. Metodología. Con el objetivo de conocer si existen diferencias significativas en la práctica de las diferentes tipologías de actividades de ocio familiar en función del tipo de familia, la persona que responde el cuestionario y el número de libros en el hogar, se realizó un estudio descriptivo-inferencial, transversal, no experimental y cuantitativo en el que participaron 407 familias con hijos/as en el segundo tramo de Educación Primaria cumplimentando un cuestionario acerca de las tipologías de actividades que éstos practicaron, extrayendo, a través del programa SPSS los estadísticos descriptivos e inferenciales con las variables sociodemográficas objeto del estudio. Resultados. De las 16 actividades contempladas en el cuestionario, el visionado de televisión y las comidas conjuntas son las más frecuentes frente a las deportivas comunitarias, al aire libre y acuáticas, encontrando diferencias significativas en función del tipo de familia, la persona que cumplimenta el cuestionario y el número de libros que hay en el hogar, siendo las familias nucleares, cuando el cuestionario es cumplimentado por la madre o los hogares con más de 100 libres aquellos que tienen una práctica más diversificada. Discusión. Los resultados coinciden con otros estudios al encontrar que las prácticas de ocio familiar están disminuyendo y son menos diversificadas ante la existencia de una sociedad en las que los seres humanos son presos de su ámbito laboral, mermando otros agentes como, en este caso, la familia. Además, persiste una feminización del ocio familiar, recayendo todo el peso sobre la figura de la madre, lo cual resulta más estresante cuando esta se halla en situación monofamiliar. Conclusiones. De esta forma, se pone el alza el papel de las instituciones sociales, de medicina de atención primaria-familiar y los centros educativos como agentes encargados de educar respecto al ocio familiar a cada uno de los miembros de las familias desde sus diferentes vías de participación y asesoramiento.
El metarrelato morisco en el exilio: estudio de las coplas de Ibrahim de Bolfad
Authors: Donoso Isaac
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo estudia los elementos narrativos en el comentario manuscrito en lengua castellana y grafía latina a la poesía escrita por el morisco Ibrahim de Bolfad, morisco residente en Argel. Se trata de uno de los pocos poetas moriscos exiliados que escriben en lengua española cuyo nombre nos es conocido, autor de un poema en quintillas sobre los principios del Islam, la vida del Profeta, los atributos divinos y los principales temas de la teología islámica. El comentario a la poesía de Ibrahim de Bolfad se conserva en un manuscrito de la Biblioteca Nacional de España [bne: 9653], obra posiblemente de un morisco exiliado en Túnez. El presente trabajo pretende estudiar los elementos narrativos tanto en el comentario como en la poesía con el fin de resaltar la construcción de un metarrelato sobre la identidad morisca en el exilio norteafricano, como actividad narrativa desarrollada en lengua castellana en la Argelia de la edad moderna. La edición de las 114 quintillas como texto unitario apareció en el número 9 de esta misma publicación.
Incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management of equine colic in Lamongan, Indonesia
Authors: Fikri Faisal , Hendrawan Dodit , Wicaksono Arya Pradana , Purnomo Agus , Khairani Shafia , Chhetri Shekhar , Maslamama Salipudin Tasil , Purnama Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim: Colic is among the common health issues in equine health management. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are the most frequent causes of colic, but dysfunction of other organs and systems inside the abdominal cavity may also contribute. Therefore, it is crucial to identify risk factors for colic of specific etiologies. This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and best therapeutic management practices for horses with colic.

Materials and Methods: A cohort of 256 horses living in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia, was randomly recruited based on reports of colic symptoms by owners. Diagnosis and treatment were then conducted with the help of owners. Symptom profiles, risk factors, and therapeutic management strategies were analyzed by Chi-square tests.

Results: Of 256 horses enrolled, 217 (84%) were diagnosed with colic, of which 172 (79.3%) were cases of spasmodic colic, 33 (15.2%) of impaction colic, and 12 (5.5%) of intestinal obstruction/displacement. Male sex (χ2 = 16.27; p < 0.001), wheat bran feeding (χ2 = 15.49; p < 0.001), concentrate feed intake >5 kg/day (χ2 = 24.95; p < 0.001), no regular anthelmintic drug treatment (χ2 = 67.24; p < 0.001), GI parasite infection (χ2 = 65.11; p < 0.001), recurrent colic (χ2 = 91.09; p < 0.001), poor body condition score (χ2 = 71.81; p < 0.001), limited daily water access (χ2 = 127.92; p < 0.001), and indications of dental disease (χ2 = 9.03; p < 0.001) were identified as risk factors. The most effective therapies were gastric intubation (χ2 = 153.54; p < 0.001), Vitamin B complex injection (χ2 = 32.09; p < 0.001), fluid therapy (χ2 = 42.59; p < 0.001), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection (NSAID).

Conclusion: Colic is highly prevalent among horses in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. Proper diet, workload management, regular access to clean drinking water, and dental care can reduce colic risk. Recommended therapies include NSAID injection without other analgesics or spasmolytics, fluid therapy, Vitamin B complex, and gastric intubation.

Keywords: colic, domesticated animals, lamongan, risk factors, therapeutic management.
Novel Use of the Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet Plus Partial Enteral Nutrition for the Treatment of Crohn's Disease During Pregnancy
Authors: Ukovic Bianca , Chapman Brooke , Schulberg Julien , De Cruz Peter , Choy Matthew C.
Published: July 2023

The Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) with partial enteral nutrition (PEN) is an emerging treatment option for Crohn's disease (CD). A 35-year-old pregnant woman presented with newly diagnosed ileal CD. At 14/40 gestation, CDED + PEN was prescribed without drug therapy. Outcomes included Harvey-Bradshaw Index, weight, and bowel wall thickness/Limberg score measured on intestinal ultrasound (IUS). In this patient, CDED + PEN achieved clinical and biochemical remission, improvements on IUS, gestational weight gain, and healthy birth weight without drug therapy. Sustained remission was achieved postpartum. Our case highlights the potential effectiveness of CDED + PEN to induce remission for active CD during pregnancy.
Clinical Significance of Ascitic Fluid Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte (PMN) Percentage in Cirrhosis Patients without Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
Authors: Dawit Lillian , Lee Vivian , Lehoang David , Furey Cameron , Chowdhury Aneesa , Mai Thu Anne , Angajala Varun , Park Joo Hye , Khadarian Kevork , She Rosemary , Vergara-Lluri Maria , Kahn Jeffrey , Dodge Jennifer L. , Saito Takeshi
Published: July 2023

Background & Aims:

Absolute PMN count (PMN-C) ≥250cells/mm3 in ascites is the diagnostic hallmark of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, the clinical significance of ascitic PMN percentage (PMN-%) as well as PMN-C in the absence of SBP as additional biomarkers for mortality and future incidence of SBP has not been determined.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort included adults with cirrhosis undergoing first-recorded paracentesis with initial PMN-C<250cells/mm3 at two tertiary medical centers between 2015-2020. Patients with prior SBP were excluded. Outcomes were death and SBP development. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios(HR) for risk of death and SBP development and Akaike information criterion(AIC) to compare model fit.

Results:

384 adults (73% male, median age 58, 67% with alcohol-associated cirrhosis, median PMN-C 14cells/mm3[IQR 5-34], and median PMN-% 10%[IQR 4-20]) were included in this study. Univariate risk of death increased 10% per 25-unit increase in PMN-C (95%CI 1.01-1.21, p=0.03) and 19% per 10-unit increase in PMN-% (95%CI 1.06-1.33, p=0.003) with PMN-% demonstrating better model fit in assessing mortality risk (AIC:1044 vs. 1048, respectively). In models adjusted for age, HCV, and MELD-Na, PMN-% was associated with risk of death (PMN-% 10-29% HR 1.17, p=0.50; PMN-% ≥30% group HR 1.94, p=0.03; vs. PMN-% <10%) and SBP development (PMN-% 10-29% HR 1.68, p=0.07; PMN-% ≥30% HR 3.48, p<0.001; vs. PMN-% <10%).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest PMN-% at first paracentesis represents a better biomarker compared to PMN-C for assessing risk of death and future SBP development in patients with PMN-C<250cells/mm3.
Multiparametric ultrasound for upper extremity dialysis access evaluation
Authors: Michas Vasileios , Taghipour Mehdi , Papachristodoulou Angeliki , Sidiropoulou Maria , Partovi Sasan , Cokkinos Demosthenes , Rafailidis Vasileios , Gadani Sameer , Gill Amanjit , Michell Hans , Prassopoulos Panos
Published: July 2023

The evolution of ultrasound (US) techniques has greatly improved the evaluation of many parameters in dialysis vascular access, which is typically achieved through an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft (AVG). These techniques include grayscale B-mode, color Doppler, power Doppler, spectral Doppler, non-Doppler US flow imaging techniques, contrast-enhanced US, and elastography. In conjunction with a patient’s medical history and physical examination, US provides crucial information about the native vascular bed prior to the surgical creation of an arteriovenous anastomosis. It also tracks the maturation progress of the newly created AVF or AVG and aids in diagnosing potential complications of the vascular access. These complications include thrombosis, steal syndrome, aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms, hematomas, infection, ischemic neuropathy, exacerbation of preexisting congestive heart failure, and stenosis.
Persepsi Masyarakat Dalam Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata Religi Kota Semarang (Kajian Kuantitatif di Kawasan Masjid Besar Kauman)
Authors: Kemalasari Ayu Setya , Sugiri Agung
Published: July 2023

Kawasan sekitar Masjid Agung Semarang sebagai salah satu wisata religi saat ini belum cukup optimal menjadi sebuah titik lokasi berlangsungnya perayaan agama dikarenakan oleh keterbatasan ruang terbuka untuk menampung aktivitas masyarakat. Adanya kajian mengenai persepsi masyarakat dinilai penting mengingat perlunya dukungan masyarakat bagi setiap implementasi kebijakan publik. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mendalami persepsi masyarakat setempat terhadap adanya kebijakan pengembangan di kawasan sekitar Masjid Agung Semarang sebagai destinasi wisata religi. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dalam studi ini dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan skoring dan masyarakat sekitar kawasan Masjid Agung Semarang sebagai responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan proportionate stratified-random sampling yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan keruangan yang membagi lokasi penelitian ke dalam 4 (empat) zona berdasarkan radiusnya dari titik lokasi Masjid Agung Semarang. Proposisi pada studi ini berfokus pada 2 (dua) aspek yang menjadi pertimbangan yaitu persepsi masyarakat terkait kebijakan pengembangan dan persepsi masyarakat terkait ketersediaan aspek pendukung pariwisata. Berdasarkan hasil studi, persepsi masyarakat dalam merespon adanya kebijakan pengembangan destinasi wisata religi tergolong positif dan cenderung homogen bila dilihat dari kedua aspek. Indikator dengan skor tertinggi yaitu terkait pentingnya dilakukan promosi kebudayaan guna mendukung kegiatan pengembangan kawasan. Sedangkan indikator dengan skor terendah yaitu terkait adanya perubahan gaya hidup dan peningkatan harga lahan setelah adanya pengembangan kawasan.
Tourism Impact on Economic Growth in Bali
Authors: Putri Aulia Restu Ariyanto , Fadhila Putri Ghina , Furqan Alhilal
Published: July 2023

Tourism have made a significant contribution to the balance of trade and the development of the country’s overall economic policy which can be seen from the increasing number of international tourist visits to a particular destination country with various economic impacts occurred. This has led tourism being used as one of the strategies to reduce poverty and increased economic growth. Increased economic growth in the surrounding community can be seen from increased income, creating new jobs, diversifies the economy, adding new product, and contributing to the overall economic sector that is integrated to achieve an improved quality of life. This research focuses on economic growth that occurs due to tourism activities in Bali Province by considering the 5 (five) indicators of economic growth consisting of increasing revenues, diversifies economy, creates new job, generate additional income, and adds new products by conducting a documentation study in the span of the past 10 years.
World Bank Country Classification, An Incomplete Ranking?
Authors: Naciri Ahmed
Published: July 2023

We may well have placed all our eggs in one basket by decreeing that everything on earth can be expressed in relationship to a single common denominator: wealth, or its exchange equivalent, money. Nearly everything we do is measured in wealth sufficiency and nearly every endeavour we fail to realize is expressed in its shortfall. It is not therefore surprising to see phenomena such as international indicators and the World Bank country classification to be built on the concept of wealth, considered the most influential factor in determining the quality of life in countries. While the declared objective of World Bank country classification is the fight against poverty, using gross national income per capita (pcGNI) as an indicator of change initiation, the present paper challenges the reliability of pcGNI and underlines its other limitations, particularly its silence as to the impact of wealth on the quality of life of individuals, and their need to fully live a decent life. the paper suggests the WBCC restatement to specifically integrate the so called 1-50% fact in the process, where 1% of the world population detains 50% (Crédit Suisse) of its total wealth and success condition for an efficient WBCC.
Supply chain engineering: Considering parameters for sustainable overseas intermodal transport of small consignments
Authors: Beskovnik B.
Published: July 2023

An increasingly environmentally conscious global economy is placing new demands on supply chain engineering, with a focus on sustainable approaches to modelling transport chain. In addition to the price and time efficiencies that characterize agile and lean supply chains, strategies for low-carbon and energy-efficient external transport must also be incorporated. This research therefore focuses on the challenges of organizing the supply of small overseas shipments to define how the relationship between land and sea transport in the selected intermodal chain affects environmental and energy performance. Understanding the input parameters and their impacts is a prerequisite for planning CO2, NOx, SO2 and NMHC emissions, as well as energy efficiency (EE) of overseas transportation. The number of individual transport legs and their characteristics are crucial parameters for sustainable transport chains. The applicability of the proposed research framework is carried out on the example of outbound supply chains of the southern part of the Baltic-Adriatic Corridor using intermodal transport chains of small shipments via the ports of Koper and Genoa. The results of the case study show that an additional transport leg representing only 2 % longer land transport to the port of Genoa significantly affects the carbon footprint of the whole supply chain's compared to chains via the port of Koper. Moreover, other results also require special attention in supply chain modeling. The study enriches the field of supply chain engineering, as there is a lack of such studies. The study is part of the project "Green port - Developing a sustainable model for the growth of the green port", co-founded by the Slovenian Research Agency.
A NSGA-II based approach for multi-objective optimization of a reconfigurable manufacturing transfer line supported by Digital Twin: A case study
Authors: Ali M.A. , Alarjani A. , Mumtaz M.A.
Published: July 2023

In response to the wide range of customer demands, the concept of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS) was introduced in the industrial sector. RMS enables producers to meet varying volumes of demand over varying time periods by swiftly adjusting its production capacity and functionality within a part family in response to abrupt market changes. In these circumstances, RMS are made to swiftly reconfigure their Reconfigurable Machine Tools (RMTs). RMTs are designed to have a variety of configurations that may be conditionally chosen and reconfigured in accordance with specific performance goals. However, the reconfiguration process is not an easy process, which entails optimization of several objectives and many of which are inherently conflictual. As a result, it necessitates real-time monitoring of the RMS's condition, which may be achieved by digital twinning, or the real-time capture of system data. The concept of using a digital replica of a physical system to provide real-time optimization is known as digital twin. This work considered a case study of discrete parts manufacturing on a reconfigurable single manufacturing transfer line (SMTL). Six manufacturing operations are required to be performed on the parts at six production stages. This work uses the Digital Twin (DT) based approach to assist a discrete multi-objective optimization problem for a reconfigurable manufacturing transfer line. This multi-objective optimization problem consists of four objective functions which is illustrated by using DT-based Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). The innovative aspect of the current study is the use of a DT-based framework for RMS reconfiguration to produce the best optimum solutions. The produced real-time solutions will be of great assistance to the decision maker in selecting the appropriate real-time optimal solutions for reconfigurable manufacturing transfer lines.
DİDEROT ETKİSİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN PAZARLAMA İLETİŞİMİ ELEMANLARININ ANLAMLANDIRILMASI
Authors: TOKU Aslı Burcu
Published: July 2023

Diderot Etkisi, Denis Diderot tarafından kaleme alınan Eski Sabahlığım İçin Pişmanlık adlı denemeye dayanmakla beraber, ilerleyen yıllarda tüketici davranışını açıklayan bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmıştır. Diderot bu makalesinde, eski sabahlığını yenisiyle değiştirdikten sonra yeni sabahlığın diğer eşyalarının yanında fazla göze çarptığını ve daha sonra pek çok eşyasını da değiştirerek yeni sabahlığıyla uyumlu hale getirmeye çalıştığını vurgulamaktadır. Dolayısıyla Diderot Etkisi, satın alınan yeni ürünlerin eski sahip olunan ürünler ile kıyaslanması neticesinde, eski ürünlerin tek tek değiştirilip yeni ürün birlikleri yaratılmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu noktada, pazarlama iletişimi elemanları çerçevesinde yapılan bazı uygulamalar da tüketicileri Diderot Etkisi (yeni ürün birlikleri) yaratma çabasına teşvik etmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Diderot Etkisi’nin pazarlama iletişimi elemanları kapsamında başvurulan uygulamalar ile ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu ilişki, betimsel yöntemle incelenmektedir. Satın alma noktası iletişimi ve katalogla pazarlama dahilinde, ürünlerin tek tek sergilenmek yerine tamamlayıcı parçalar ile birlikte sunulması; satış geliştirme uygulamalarında yeni bir ürünün hediye ya da numune olarak verilerek, sahip olunan bu yeni ürüne uygun ürün birlikleri yaratılmasının teşvik edilmesi; reklamlarda ise bir reklam spotu içerisinde dolaylı yoldan pek çok ürünün gösteriminin yapılması ve ‘’evinizi yeniden yaratın’’ gibi söylemlerin kullanılması çalışma kapsamında yer alan ve Diderot Etkisi ile ilişkili bulunan pazarlama iletişimi uygulamalarıdır.
Determination of alkalinity in the water sample: a theoretical approach
Authors: Dhoke Shailesh K.
Published: July 2023

Determination of alkalinity of water sample is generally carried out experimentally by titration method using a proper indicator. In the literature, five different cases of possible alkalinities are reported based on the experimental data of acid titration of water sample using phenolphthalein and methyl orange. The reported data is the volume of acid consumption and the relationship between the alkalinity causing ions present in the water sample. However, no systematic approach is available in the literature to understand these experimentally reported volume of acid utilized for neutralization reaction. To make students understand the key features of the reported experimental data, a systematic approach is presented in this study. By using a simple mathematics and a theoretical explanation to the reported reactions taking place during acid titration of water sample, a supplementary document is developed. The theoretical concept in the form of supplementary information is introduced without altering any data reported in the literature or experimental procedure.
Lucky Numbers and Greedy Ghosts: Lottery as Trope for the Singapore Dream
Authors: Fitzgerald Carolyn
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes Singaporean films on the topic of the state-sponsored lottery as trope for the national dream, focusing on three different categories: popular films that link lottery winnings to the state’s promise of economic prosperity; hor-medy (horror/comedy) films that depict characters who are punished by the ghosts for greed; and art films that depict social inequalities in relation to unsuccessful efforts to attain the national dream. In doing so, it examines what Lee Kah-Wee refers to as the “relationship between morality and economics within the context of nation-building” with respect to Singaporean film. The convergence of cinematic treatment of lottery cultures between otherwise separate popular films, horror films, and arthouse films is a unique commonality in Singapore film. Also, films discussed in this paper from the late 1990s to 2013 reflect the ongoing centrality of lottery films in Singaporean cinema and the national imaginary.