bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Stability of Ternary Imides in the Li—Mg—N—H Hydrogen Storage System.
Authors: Hu Jianjiang , Fichtner Maximilian
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Reactivity of F3SNXeF+: Syntheses and Structural Characterizations of [F4S=N—Xe···NSF3] [AsF6], a Rare Example of a N—Xe—N Linkage, and [F3S(NSF3)2][AsF6].
Authors: Smith Gregory L. , Schrobilgen Gary J.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Noncentrosymmetric Hydrate Borate Na2B5O8(OH)·2H2O.
Authors: Wang Yongjiang , Pan Shilie , Tian Xuelin , Zhou Zhongxiang , Liu Gang , Wang Jide , Jia Dianzeng
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted One‐Carbon Chain Extension in the Preparation of Terminal α‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Vaismaa Matti J. P. , Leskinen Mikko V. , Lajunen Marja K.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Deprotection of Bulky (Trialkylsilyl)acetylenes with Silver Fluoride.
Authors: Kim Sanghee , Kim Bogyeong , In Jinkyung
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Alkyl Propiolate Addition to Aliphatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Turlington Mark , DeBerardinis Albert M. , Pu Lin
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Monodentate Non‐C2‐symmetric Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for Enantioselective Synthesis. Cu‐Catalyzed Conjugate Additions of Aryl‐ and Alkenylsilylfluorides to Cyclic Enones.
Authors: Lee Kang‐sang , Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Strecker‐Type Reaction Catalyzed by Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Xie Zhengfeng , Li Guilong , Zhao Gang , Wang Jide
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient One‐Pot, Three‐Component Mannich Reaction Catalyzed by Boric Acid and Glycerol in Water with Major “syn” Diastereoselectivity.
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chhanda , Datta Arup , Butcher Ray J.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Amination of Allylic Alcohols in Water at Room Temperature.
Authors: Nishikata Takashi , Lipshutz Bruce H.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Small Organic Molecules for Enantioselective Direct Aldol Reaction in Organic and Aqueous Media.
Authors: Vishnumaya Monika Raj , Singh Vinod K.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Isomerization and Hydroformylation of Olefins.
Authors: Jennerjahn Reiko , Piras Irene , Jackstell Ralf , Franke Robert , Wiese Klaus‐Diether , Beller Matthias
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphane‐Free Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Suzuki Coupling Reaction of Aryl and Heteroaryl Iodides.
Authors: Tambade Pawan J. , Patil Yogesh P. , Panda Anil G. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Diazo‐β‐hydroxy Esters Using a Bifunctional Titanium Complex.
Authors: Wang Wentao , Shen Ke , Hu Xiaolei , Wang Jun , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of Sulfonamide Analogues of Platensimycin Employing a Palladium‐Mediated Carbonylation Strategy.
Authors: McNulty James , Nair Jerald J. , Capretta Alfredo
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Disubstituted Benzenes from Acyclic Precursors by a [5 + 1] Annulation.
Authors: Daniels David S. B. , Brown John M. , Gayral Maud , Xu Yingjian , Stewart Malcolm I.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboannulation Reactions of Cyclohexenone Derivatives: Synthesis of Functionalized α‐Tetralones.
Authors: Tabouazat Mohamed , El Louzi Ahmed , Ahmar Mohammed , Cazes Bernard
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring‐Opening Reaction of Oxabenzonorbornadienes with Grignard and Aluminum Reagents.
Authors: Millet Renaud , Gremaud Ludovic , Bernardez Tania , Palais Laetitia , Alexakis Alexandre
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Rate Acceleration Enabled by Tethered Lewis Acid—Lewis Base Bifunctional Catalysis: A Catalytic, Enantioselective [2 + 2] Ketene Aldehyde Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: Chidara Sridhar , Lin Yun‐Ming
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3‐Functionalization of Furans, Benzofurans and Thiophenes via Magnesiation and Sulfoxide—Magnesium Exchange.
Authors: Melzig Laurin , Rauhut Christian B. , Knochel Paul
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Cascade: Direct Access to Furans from Alkynyloxiranes.
Authors: Blanc Aurelien , Tenbrink Katharina , Weibel Jean‐Marc , Pale Patrick
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzo[b]thiophenes and Benzo[b]selenophenes from o‐Halo‐Substituted Ethynylbenzenes: Convenient Approach to Mono‐, Bis‐, and Tris‐Chalcogenophene‐Annulated Benzenes.
Authors: Kashiki Tomoya , Shinamura Shoji , Kohara Masahiro , Miyazaki Eigo , Takimiya Kazuo , Ikeda Masaaki , Kuwabara Hirokazu
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Activation of the NC—H Bond of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Adducts of N‐Substituted Isatins with Cerium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) and Alcohol (ROH).
Authors: Shanmugam Ponnusamy , Vaithiyanathan Vadivel
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid, Selective Ru‐Sulfonate‐Catalyzed Allylation of Indoles Using Alcohols as Substrates.
Authors: Gruber Stefan , Zaitsev Alexey B. , Woerle Michael , Pregosin Paul S. , Veiros Luis F.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Allene‐Appended Oxindoles and 2‐Oxo‐1,2‐dihydroindol‐3‐ylidene‐2,5‐dihydrofurans via Claisen Rearrangement and Cyclization.
Authors: Vaithiyanathan Vadivel , Selvakumar Kodirajan , Shanmugam Ponnusamy
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1‐ and 2‐Substituted Naphtho[2,3‐d][1,2,3]triazole‐4,9‐diones.
Authors: Zhang Jianjun , Chang Cheng‐Wei Tom
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Bis(4H‐chromene) and 4H‐Benzo[g]chromene Derivatives via an Isocyanide‐Based Pseudo‐Five‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Shaabani Ahmad , Ghadari Rahim , Sarvary Afshin , Rezayan Ali Hossein
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Dimethylzinc to 5‐(1‐Arylalkylidene) Meldrum′s Acids.
Authors: Wilsily Ashraf , Lou Tiantong , Fillion Eric
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Microwave‐Assisted Solvent‐ and Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of Aminomethylene Bisphosphonates.
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Alipour Soheil
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 186. Iodine‐Catalyzed Efficient Hydrophosphonylation of N‐Tosyl Aldimines.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Balasubramanyam Penagaluri , Krishnaiah Maddeboina , Veeranjaneyulu Boyapati , Reddy Gandolla Chinna
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Three Minor Novel Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Diospyros kaki
Authors: Chen Guang , Wang Zong‐Quan , Jia Ji‐Ming
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Bile Acids from Bear Bile Powder and Bile of Geese
Authors: Bi Dan , Chai Xing‐Yun , Song Yue‐Lin , Lei Yu , Tu Peng‐Fei
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of N‐But‐3‐enyl‐α‐ and β‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Nguyen T. T. Van , Brownlee Robert T. C. , Hughes Andrew B.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Daphnezomines T—V, Alkaloids from Daphniphyllum humile.
Authors: Kubota Takaaki , Suzuki Teppei , Ishiuchi Kan'ichiro , Kuhara Taiga , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and in vitro Cytotoxicity of 9‐Anilinoacridines Bearing N‐Mustard Residue on Both Anilino and Acridine Rings.
Authors: Chen Ching‐Huang , Lin Yi‐Wen , Zhang Xiuguo , Chou Ting‐Chao , Tsai Tsong‐Jen , Kapuriya Naval , Kakadiya Rajesh , Su Tsann‐Long
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polynuclear Coordination Cages
Authors: Ward Michael D.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Pentafluorosulfanyl Serotonin Analogues: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity
Authors: Welch John T. , Lim Dongsung
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Helical Chiral Pyridine N‐Oxides: A New Family of Asymmetric Catalysts
Authors: Chen Jinshui , Takenaka Norito
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerene—Metallocene Composite Molecules: Different Types
Authors: Sokolov V. I. , Bashilov V. V. , Abramova N. V.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Boranes and Related P‐Compounds as Intermediates in the Syntheses of Chiral Ligands and Organocatalysts
Authors: Andrushko Natalia , Boerner Armin
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Illicium
Authors: Liu Yun‐Ning , Su Xiao‐Hui , Huo Chang‐Hong , Zhang Xi‐Ping , Shi Qing‐Wen , Gu Yu‐Cheng
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry and Biology of Galactofuranose‐Containing Polysaccharides
Authors: Richards Michele R. , Lowary Todd L.
Published: October 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Performance results of running parallel applications on the InteGrade
Authors: Cáceres E. N. , Mongelli H. , Loureiro L. , Nishibe C. , Song S. W.
Published: October 2009

The InteGrade middleware intends to exploit the idle time of computing resources in computer laboratories. In this work we investigate the performance of running parallel applications with communication among processors on the InteGrade grid. As costly communication on a grid can be prohibitive, we explore the so‐called systolic or wavefront paradigm to design the parallel algorithms in which no global communication is used. To evaluate the InteGrade middleware we considered three parallel algorithms that solve the matrix chain product problem, the 0–1 Knapsack Problem, and the local sequence alignment problem, respectively. We show that these three applications running under the InteGrade middleware and MPI take slightly more time than the same applications running on a cluster with only LAM‐MPI support. The results can be considered promising and the time difference between the two is not substantial. The overhead of the InteGrade middleware is acceptable, in view of the benefits obtained to facilitate the use of grid computing by the user. These benefits include job submission, checkpointing, security, job migration, etc. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ionic Liquids in Refinery Desulfurization: Comparison between Biphasic and Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Suspension Processes
Authors: Kuhlmann Esther , Haumann Marco , Jess Andreas , Seeberger Andreas , Wasserscheid Peter
Published: October 2009

The desulfurization of fuel compounds in the presence of ionic liquids is reported. For this purpose, the desulfurization efficiency of a variety of imidazolium phosphate ionic liquids has been tested. Dibenzothiophene/dodecane and butylmercaptan/decane mixtures were used as model systems. Single‐stage extractions reduced the sulfur content from 500 ppm to 200 ppm. In multistage extractions the sulfur content could be lowered to less than 10 ppm within seven stages. Regeneration of the ionic liquid was achieved by distillation or re‐extraction procedures. Supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) materials, obtained by dispersing the ionic liquid as a thin film on highly porous silica, exhibited a significantly higher extraction performance owing to their larger surface areas, reducing the sulfur content to less than 100 ppm in one stage. Multistage extraction with these SILP materials reduced the sulfur level to 50 ppm in the second stage. The SILP technology offers very efficient utilization of ionic liquids and circumvents mass transport limitations because of the small film thickness and large surface area, and allows application of the simple packed‐bed column extraction technique.
Analysis of PEG‐fractionated high‐molecular‐mass proteins in human plasma by non‐denaturing micro 2‐DE and MALDI‐MS PMF
Authors: Jin Ya , Manabe Takashi
Published: October 2009

The process of 0–4% PEG precipitation of high‐molecular‐mass proteins (around and above 1×103 kDa) in human plasma was analyzed by non‐denaturing micro 2‐DE employing agarose IEF gels in the first dimension, and by MALDI‐MS PMF. The PEG 0–2% precipitate could be mostly re‐dissolved (fraction PS2%), but some part remained as precipitate (fraction PP2%). Non‐denaturing 2‐DE followed by MALDI‐MS PMF showed that PS2% contained fibrinogen (Fb), fibronectin (FN), and their oligomers as the major components, and von Willebrand factor and coagulation factor XIII as the minor components. PP2% was directly subjected to MALDI‐MS PMF and FN and Fb were assigned, suggesting it was formed by co‐precipitation of the two proteins. The PEG 2–4% precipitate could be totally dissolved, but after freezing and thawing the solution, a small amount of precipitate appeared. MALDI‐MS PMF analysis of the precipitate (PP4%) suggested that its major constituent is complement C1. The soluble fraction of the PEG 2–4% precipitate (PS4%), analyzed by non‐denaturing 2‐DE and MALDI‐MS PMF, contained C4b‐binding protein and its complex with complement C4, low‐density lipoproteins, IgM, and complement C1 subcomponent q, together with Fb, FN, and their oligomers. When the PS4% fraction was analyzed by a Type‐II 2‐DE technique (non‐denaturing IEF followed by SDS‐PAGE, no reducing agent being used), several proteins in molecular mass range from 7×101 to 2×102 kDa appeared, suggesting that these proteins interacted with the high‐molecular‐mass proteins, then dissociated in the presence of SDS.
Unsichtbare Begleiter
Authors: Schiffer Hanno
Published: October 2009

Torsten Granzow kreiert Hightech‐Keramiken
Darwins Kronzeugen
Authors: Glaubrecht Matthias
Published: October 2009

Zu Besuch bei den Süßwasserschnecken von Sulawesi: Die exotischen Weichtiere aus den tropischen Seen Südostasiens liefern aufschlussreiche Einblicke in die Wege der Evolution
Late Tournaisian (Carboniferous) brachiopods from Mouydir (Central Sahara, Algeria)
Authors: Mottequin Bernard , Legrand‐Blain Marie
Published: October 2009

A small‐sized brachiopod fauna, representing an orthid, rhynchonellid and spiriferid community which lived in a low‐energy environment, is reported from the lower part of the Argiles de Teguentour and was collected around Oued Tamertasset (or Temertasset) and Oued Habadra in north‐western Mouydir (Algerian Sahara). Associated goniatites indicate an early Late Tournaisian age (Pericyclus–Progoniatites assemblage). Thirteen brachiopod species belonging to 12 genera and 5 orders (Productida, Orthida, Rhynchonellida, Athyridida and Spiriferida) are described. Mouydirhynchus is proposed as a new rhynchonellid genus and the species Rhipidomella prolifica, Mouydirhynchus quietus and Eomartiniopsis mouydirensis are new. The other described taxa are the following: Chonetipustula? sp., strophalosioid gen. et sp. indet., Schizophoria sp., trigonirhynchiid gen. indet. sp. A, trigonirhynchiid gen. indet. sp. B, Hemiplethorhynchus? sp., Coveenia? sp., Crurithyris cf. fissa, Punctothyris? sp., and elythid gen. et sp. indet. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrothermal alteration of plagioclase in granitic rocks from Proterozoic basement of SE Sweden
Authors: Morad S. , El‐Ghali M. A. K. , Caja M. A. , Sirat M. , Al‐Ramadan K. , Mansurbeg H.
Published: October 2009

Petrographic examinations and electron microprobe analyses of Proterozoic granitic rocks, SE Sweden aimed to characterize and unravel the mechanisms and conditions of plagioclase alterations. These alterations include saussuritization, albitization and replacement of plagioclase by K‐feldspar. The hydrothermal alterations, which are inferred to have occurred at ca. 250–400°C, resulted in concomitant formation of Al‐rich titanite, epidote, calcite, pumpellyite, prehnite and iron oxides. Replacement of plagioclase by K‐feldspar occurs in red‐stained zones, which have developed close to thin fractures owing to the precipitation of tiny Fe‐oxide pigment particles within the altered plagioclase, whereas saussuritized plagioclase has less systematic spatial relationships to these fractures. Albitization of plagioclase occurred in rocks that are poor in biotite compared to rocks that suffered extensive saussuritization. The chemical and textural characterization of various types of plagioclase alterations allows elucidation of the granitic hydrothermal systems. Features of feldspar alteration in the granitic rocks are similar to those encountered in feldspathic sandstones and should hence be considered in studies on diagenetic changes of siliciclastic successions during basin evolution. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Palynological evidence for Pennsylvanian (Late Carboniferous) vegetation change in the Sydney Coalfield, eastern Canada
Authors: Dimitrova Tatyana K. , Zodrow Erwin L. , Cleal Christopher J. , Thomas Barry A.
Published: October 2009

The palynology of clastic samples from seven stratigraphical levels in the late Moscovian Sydney Mines Formation, exposed along the shore at Bras d'Or, Nova Scotia, has been investigated. Most of the samples were from roof shales of major coals; the one sample that was not yielded a much higher proportion of pollen derived from extra‐basinal vegetation. The four stratigraphically lower roof shale samples yielded essentially similar palynological spectra, with 39 ± 4% lycophytes, 9 ± 4% sphenophylls, 23 ± 4% tree‐ferns, 12 ± 4% other ferns and 5 ± 3% cordaites. The palynology of the upper part of the investigated succession suggests a shift in vegetation towards one favouring more marattialean tree‐ferns, cordaites and conifers, and fewer lycophytes. This correlates with changes in drainage patterns as the alluvial plain migrated seawards and thus changed water tables. No evidence was found to suggest significant climate change at this time. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly Efficient Generation of Human Hepatocyte–Like Cells From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Si-Tayeb Karim , Noto Fallon K. , Nagaoka Masato , Li Jixuan , Battle Michele A. , Duris Christine , North Paula E. , Dalton Stephen , Duncan Stephen A.
Published: October 2009

There exists a worldwide shortage of donor livers available for orthotropic liver transplantation and hepatocyte transplantation therapies. In addition to their therapeutic potential, primary human hepatocytes facilitate the study of molecular and genetic aspects of human hepatic disease and development and provide a platform for drug toxicity screens and identification of novel pharmaceuticals with potential to treat a wide array of metabolic diseases. The demand for human hepatocytes, therefore, heavily outweighs their availability. As an alternative to using donor livers as a source of primary hepatocytes, we explored the possibility of generating patient-specific human hepatocytes from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.

Conclusion:

We demonstrate that mouse iPS cells retain full potential for fetal liver development and describe a procedure that facilitates the efficient generation of highly differentiated human hepatocyte-like cells from iPS cells that display key liver functions and can integrate into the hepatic parenchyma

in vivo

. (Hepatology 2010.)
Polyethylene wear debris produced in a knee simulator model: Effect of crosslinking and counterface material
Authors: Williams Paul A. , Brown Cindy M. , Tsukamoto Riichro , Clarke Ian C.
Published: October 2009

Polyethylene (PE) debris has been well studied in clinical retrievals and laboratory wear simulations of total hip replacements. However, little is known about PE debris from total knee replacements. In this study, we investigated the effects of crosslinking PE bearings and alternate counterface material. Mildly (35 kGy) and highly (70 kGy) crosslinked PE were studied in combination with CoCr and zirconia femoral counterfaces. Wear debris was isolated and its morphology characterized. Except for changes in PE debris size with the zirconia bearings, there were no morphological changes greater than 10%. The average submicron volume fraction decreased from about 65% to 45% with both increased crosslinking and changing counterface material from CoCr to zirconia. The averaged number of generated particles decreased by ∼fourfold with increased crosslinking and threefold with changing counterface material from CoCr to zirconia. This showed that the degree of PE crosslinking and the choice of counterface material were important factors in the PE wear debris production in total knee simulator replacements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Toxicity evaluation of biodegradable and thermosensitive PEG‐PCL‐PEG hydrogel as a potential in situ sustained ophthalmic drug delivery system
Authors: Yin HongBo , Gong ChangYang , Shi Shuai , Liu XuYang , Wei YuQuan , Qian ZhiYong
Published: October 2009

In this work, a biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG‐PCL‐PEG, PECE) triblock copolymer was successfully synthesized, which was flowing sol at low temperature and turned to nonflowing gel at body temperature. The toxicity evaluation of PECE hydrogel as a potential in situ sustained opthalmic drug delivery system was performed, including the biodegradability of PECE hydrogel in the eye, its effect on cultured human lens epithelia, intraocular pressure, and ocular tissues. The results indicated that the prepared PECE hydrogel was biocompatible and biodegradable despite of temporary elevated intraocular pressure and slight corneal endothelial damage at specific concentration. Therefore, PECE hydrogel may be a safe candidate for sustained ophthalmic drug delivery system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010
Heart valve stent for percutaneous implantation: Design optimization
Authors: Marchand Coralie , Heim Frédéric , Durand Bernard
Published: October 2009

Percutaneous aortic valve implantation has become an alternative technique to surgical valve replacement in patients with high risk for surgery. This technique is at its beginning and stents used for valve prostheses remain standard vascular stents. These stents are, however, not designed to undergo heart valve stress. They do not match the aortic environment geometry, and induce exaggerated tissue traumatism. Reduced implant lifetime may therefore be expected. The purpose of this work is to evaluate in vitro the technical feasibility of noninvasive aortic valve replacement with a novel more specific stent. This stent is especially adapted to its implantation environment, with a design that matches the shape of the aortic root while respecting the valve function. To optimize the device's geometry, the influence of the design parameters on static and dynamic performances is studied in detail. For that purpose, the interaction between the stent and the aortic root is first studied theoretically, to highlight which parameters are relevant for further in vitro experiments. Static and dynamic regurgitation measurements are then performed to set the design parameters so as to optimize the behavior of the device implanted in a mock aortic root. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010
3‐Tesla magnetic resonance angiographic assessment of a tissue‐engineered small‐caliber vascular graft implanted in a rat
Authors: Yamanami Masashi , Yamamoto Akihide , Iida Hidehiro , Watanabe Taiji , Kanda Keiichi , Yaku Hitoshi , Nakayama Yasuhide
Published: October 2009

In the development of small‐caliber vascular grafts (diameter; less than 3 mm), animal implantation studies have been mostly performed by using rat abdominal aortas, and their certain patency must evaluate with sacrificing every observation periods, which is both labor‐intensive and time‐consuming when performing a large number of experiments. This study is the first to demonstrate the application of 3‐Tesla contrast‐free time‐of‐flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF‐MRA) in the continuous assessment of the status of a tissue‐engineered vascular graft in rat. As a model graft, a single connective tubular tissue (diameter; 1.5 mm), prepared by embedding the silicone rod (diameter; 1.5 mm) into a subcutaneous pouch of a rat for 2 weeks an in vivo tissue‐engineering, was used. The graft was implanted in the abdominal aorta (diameter; 1.3 mm) of the rat by end‐to‐end anastomosis. Repeated TOF‐MRA imaging of the graft obtained over a 3‐month follow‐up period after implantation made it possible to evaluate the patency of the graft, both simply and noninvasively. It also permitted visualization of the connected abdominal aorta and renal and common iliac arteries having smaller caliber (diameter; less than 1 mm). In addition, the degree of the stenosis or aneurysm could also be detected. 3‐Tesla MRA allowed the simplified and noninvasive assessment of the status on the vascular graft, including the formation of a stenosis or aneurysm, in the same rat at different times, which will be contributing to enhance the development of tissue‐engineered vascular grafts even with small caliber. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010
Collagen II/hyaluronan/chondroitin‐6‐sulfate tri‐copolymer scaffold for nucleus pulposus tissue engineering
Authors: Huang Bo , Li Chang‐Qing , Zhou Yue , Luo Gang , Zhang Chuan‐Zhi
Published: October 2009

This study aims to investigate the bioactivity of collagen II/hyaluronan/chondroitin‐6‐sulfate tri‐copolymer as bionic scaffold for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering. Collagen II (C II) (pH 1–2) was mixed with hyaluronan (HyA) and lyophilized to prepare C II/HyA matrices. Chondroitin 6‐sulfate (6‐CS) was covalently attached to the C II/HyA matrices using 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Then, cells were expanded from rabbit NP and seeded in the tri‐copolymer scaffold. Cell‐scaffold hybrids were maintained for up to 28 days in culture. Cell viability/proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM)‐related gene expression, and the content of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (s‐GAG) were evaluated. Our results are as following: when cultured for 28 days, the cell‐scaffold hybrids maintained active cell viability/proliferation and exhibited a significantly increased s‐GAG content. In addition, rabbit NP cells cultured in the scaffold demonstrated a significantly higher level of C II and aggrecan gene expression and a significantly lower level of Collagen I (C I) gene expression when compared with that of monolayer cells. Histological studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) further indicated newly secreted ECM deposits in the scaffolds. In conclusion, the C II/HyA‐CS scaffold may be an alternative material for NP tissue engineering due to its satisfactory bioactivity, and it deserves further in vivo investigation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is an independent prognostic factor for long‐term survival after curative lung resection for cancer
Authors: Liptay Michael J. , Basu Sanjib , Hoaglin Michael C. , Freedman Neil , Faber L. Penfield , Warren William H. , Hammoud Zane T. , Kim Anthony W.
Published: October 2009

Introduction

We examined the early and late prognostic significance of DLCO and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) in patients who underwent surgical resection of lung cancer.

Methods

From 1997 to 2004, 462 patients underwent successful complete resection of their lung cancer and had full pulmonary function testing including DLCO performed. Mean follow‐up was over 5 years (64.8 months—range: 0–158 months).

Results

Postoperative 90‐day mortality was 2.6% (12/462). At last follow‐up, of the remaining 450 patients, 182 patients were alive, 130 had died of cancer, and 138 have died of other causes and did not have recurrent cancer. Mean DLCO values were 69.4%, 66.8%, and 53.9%, respectively. Mean FEV1 values were 81.3%, 78.1%, and 71.5%, respectively. Mean DLCOs and FEV1s between patients who died of cancer versus other causes were significantly different (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0157). When cause‐specific survival was analyzed for both DLCO and FEV1 simultaneously, DLCO had a very significant effect on survival from other causes (HR 0.966, P < 0.0001) when adjusted for FEV1. However, when adjusted by DLCO, FEV1 had no significant effect. A DLCO <40% best predicted decreased survival from causes other than cancer within stage I lung cancers (stage IA HR 0.953, P < 0.0001; stage IB HR 0.968, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

DLCO was found to be a significant prognostic factor for long‐term survival after lung cancer surgery. This may serve as a surrogate for competing morbidities with declining values predicting a higher risk of late non‐cancer‐related death. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:703–707. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Borderline ovarian tumors and extended patient follow‐up: An individual institution's experience
Authors: Rettenmaier Mark A. , Lopez Katrina , Abaid Lisa N. , Brown John V. , Micha John P. , Goldstein Bram H.
Published: October 2009

Introduction

Borderline tumors of the ovary (BOT) comprise nearly 20% of all ovarian malignancies and are associated with a favorable prognosis. However, since these lesions can present with malignant features and recur, a further evaluation of appropriate patient management and long‐term follow‐up is warranted.

Methods

We report a physician group's retrospective experience treating BOT patients at a single institution. Patient demographics, disease pathology, treatment type (surgery, chemotherapy), and patient surveillance (e.g., disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival, follow‐up via CA‐125/radiology/physical exam) data were reviewed in all cases.

Results

In the present study, 78 BOT patients treated from April 2001 until February 2009 were identified and confirmed via pathologic diagnosis. The majority (87%) underwent surgery, although nearly 13% of patients also received adjuvant chemotherapy. In the study population, 12% of the patients developed progressive disease, which was primarily detected via CA‐125 and physical exam/disease symptomatology. DFS for these patients was 38 months. Recurrent disease was significantly related to the administration of chemotherapy (P = 0.0024) and prolonged time since initial treatment (P < 0.001).

Discussion

Since BOT can be aggressive and eventually recur, continued (i.e., long‐term) surveillance with CA‐125 evaluation and physical examination should be considered for optimal patient follow‐up. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;101:18–21. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
E Pluribus Unum: fostering a new era of citizenship by teaching civic engagement and healthy civic discourse
Authors: Bole Barbara E. , Gordon Mark
Published: October 2009

In a time of profound national challenge and change, it is important to promote a new definition of active citizenship locally, nationally and globally. As the effects of economic, political and social globalization continue to underscore interdependence, the imperative of fostering democratic minds among a citizenry is evermore important. It is essential to conceive a common future that encourages the participation of all American citizens; inviting diversity as an asset and broadly reawakening the call to leverage the rich potentials of pluralism in search of common solutions. However, many schools are retreating from basic civics lessons and are not teaching students how to become active citizens. More importantly, public institutions overall do not appear to be advancing the fundamental awareness and skills required for sifting through political hucksterism, opinion masquerading as news and political spin. It is essential for our schools and public institutions to teach the responsibilities and joy of active citizenship. To meet the challenges of democratic cooperation and social cohesion, leaders and citizens alike should be taught and encouraged to openly question, to critique and even to criticize the status quo. The means for cultivating and institutionalizing such habits on a broad scale involves educational reformation and initiatives in civics and citizenship education to increase opportunities for meaningful public engagement. These are by no means the only answer, but they are a critical component for meeting the challenges of truly inclusive and active representative democracy where out of many, we are one.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of barium titanate nanoparticles‐epoxy resin composite films and their dielectric properties
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshio , Kurosawa Akira , Nagao Daisuke , Konno Mikio
Published: October 2009

A method for fabricating epoxy resin films dispersing the surface‐modified barium titanate (BT) particles (BT‐epoxy resin composite films) are proposed. BT particles with a size of 7.8 nm and a crystal size of 8.6 nm were synthesized with a complex alkoxide method. To introduce epoxy groups on the BT particle surface, the BT particles were surface‐modified with 2‐(3,4‐epoxycyclohexyl)‐ethyltrimethoxysilane. A precursor solution, which was prepared by prereacting 2,2‐bis(4‐glycidyloxyphenyl)propane (BGPP) and phthalic anhydride in 4‐butyrolactone and adding the surface‐modified BT particles to the prereacting solution, was spin‐coated on glass substrates to fabricate the composite films. An increase in BT volume fraction in film increased dielectric constant of the composite film while keeping dissipation factor below 0.03. The dielectric constant attained 10.8 at a BT volume fraction of 30% in film that was around twice higher than pure epoxy resin film. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1179–1183, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Influence of genetic variation inCYP3A4andABCB1on dose decrease or switching during simvastatin and atorvastatin therapy
Authors: Becker Matthijs L. , Visser Loes E. , van Schaik Ron H. N. , Hofman Albert , Uitterlinden André G. , Ch. Stricker Bruno H.
Published: October 2009

Purpose

Simvastatin and atorvastatin are metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme and transported by the ABCB1 transporter. We studied whether the polymorphismCYP3A4*1Band the polymorphisms C1236T, G2677A/T and C3435T in theABCB1gene were associated with a decrease of the prescribed dose or a switch to another cholesterol lowering drug during simvastatin and atorvastatin therapy. These events may indicate that statin plasma levels were too high and resulted in an adverse drug reaction or a too strong reduction in cholesterol level.

Methods

We identified 1239 incident simvastatin and atorvastatin users in the Rotterdam Study, a population‐based cohort study. Associations between the polymorphisms in theCYP3A4andABCB1gene and the time to a decrease in dose or a switch to another cholesterol lowering drug were studied using Cox proportional hazards.

Results

Simvastatin and atorvastatin users with theCYP3A4*1Bvariant G allele had a lower risk (HR 0.46; 95%CI 0.24–0.90) for these events than users with the wild‐type AA genotype. No significant associations were found for theABCB1polymorphisms. The association with theCYP3A4*1Bpolymorphism was found in women (HR 0.33; 95%CI 0.12–0.89) and was non‐significant in men (HR 0.69 95%CI 0.28–1.70). This association was stronger in patients with theABCB13435T variant alleleversusthe G allele.

Conclusion

In simvastatin and atorvastatin users, theCYP3A4*1BG allele is associated with a lower risk of elevated statin plasma levels, particularly in women and in users with theABCB13435T variant allele. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.