bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALS-Associated KIF5A Mutation Causes Locomotor Deficits Associated with Cytoplasmic Inclusions, Alterations of Neuromuscular Junctions, and Motor Neuron Loss
Authors: Soustelle Laurent , Aimond Franck , López-Andrés Cristina , Brugioti Véronique , Raoul Cédric , Layalle Sophie
Published: September 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Recently, genome-wide association studies identified KIF5A as a new ALS-causing gene. KIF5A encodes a protein of the kinesin-1 family, allowing the anterograde transport of cargos along the microtubule rails in neurons. In ALS patients, mutations in the KIF5A gene induce exon 27 skipping, resulting in a mutated protein with a new C-terminal region (KIF5A Δ27). To understand how KIF5A Δ27 underpins the disease, we developed an ALS-associated KIF5ADrosophilamodel. When selectively expressed in motor neurons, KIF5A Δ27 alters larval locomotion as well as morphology and synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions in both males and females. We show that the distribution of mitochondria and synaptic vesicles is profoundly disturbed by KIF5A Δ27 expression. That is consistent with the numerous KIF5A Δ27-containing inclusions observed in motor neuron soma and axons. Moreover, KIF5A Δ27 expression leads to motor neuron death and reduces life expectancy. Ourin vivomodel reveals that a toxic gain of function underlies the pathogenicity of ALS-linked KIF5A mutant.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUnderstanding how a mutation identified in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) causes the disease and the loss of motor neurons is crucial to fight against this disease. To this end, we have created aDrosophilamodel based on the motor neuron expression of the KIF5A mutant gene, recently identified in ALS patients. KIF5A encodes a kinesin that allows the anterograde transport of cargos. This model recapitulates the main features of ALS, including alterations of locomotion, synaptic neurotransmission, and morphology at neuromuscular junctions, as well as motor neuron death. KIF5A mutant is found in cytoplasmic inclusions, and its pathogenicity is because of a toxic gain of function.
Anatomical Diversity of the Adult Corticospinal Tract Revealed by Single-Cell Transcriptional Profiling
Authors: Golan Noa , Ehrlich Daniel , Bonanno James , O'Brien Rory F. , Murillo Matias , Kauer Sierra D. , Ravindra Neal , Van Dijk David , Cafferty William B.
Published: September 2023

The corticospinal tract (CST) forms a central part of the voluntary motor apparatus in all mammals. Thus, injury, disease, and subsequent degeneration within this pathway result in chronic irreversible functional deficits. Current strategies to repair the damaged CST are suboptimal in part because of underexplored molecular heterogeneity within the adult tract. Here, we combine spinal retrograde CST tracing with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) in adult male and female mice to index corticospinal neuron (CSN) subtypes that differentially innervate the forelimb and hindlimb. We exploit publicly available datasets to confer anatomic specialization among CSNs and show that CSNs segregate not only along the forelimb and hindlimb axis but also by supraspinal axon collateralization. These anatomically defined transcriptional data allow us to use machine learning tools to build classifiers that discriminate between CSNs and cortical layer 2/3 and nonspinally terminating layer 5 neurons in M1 and separately identify limb-specific CSNs. Using these tools, CSN subtypes can be differentially identified to study postnatal patterning of the CSTin vivo, leveraged to screen for novel limb-specific axon growth survival and growth activatorsin vitro, and ultimately exploited to repair the damaged CST after injury and disease.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTherapeutic interventions designed to repair the damaged CST after spinal cord injury have remained functionally suboptimal in part because of an incomplete understanding of the molecular heterogeneity among subclasses of CSNs. Here, we combine spinal retrograde labeling with scRNAseq and annotate a CSN index by the termination pattern of their primary axon in the cervical or lumbar spinal cord and supraspinal collateral terminal fields. Using machine learning we have confirmed the veracity of our CSN gene lists to train classifiers to identify CSNs among all classes of neurons in primary motor cortex to study the development, patterning, homeostasis, and response to injury and disease, and ultimately target streamlined repair strategies to this critical motor pathway.
ISIL İŞLEM GÖRMÜŞ SUCUK ÜRETİMİNDE KÜRLEME AJANI OLARAK PAZI TOZU KULLANIMININ NİTROZAMİN OLUŞUMUNA VE KALİTE PARAMETRELERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: YILMAZ ORAL Zeynep Feyza
Published: September 2023

Araştırmada ısıl işlem görmüş sucuk üretiminde alternatif kürleme ajanı olarak biyodönüştürülmüş pazı tozu (PT) kullanımının nitrozamin oluşumuna ve ürünün bazı kalite parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca pişirme derecesinin nitrozamin oluşumuna etkisi de incelenmiştir. Kürleme ajanı olarak sentetik nitrit (SN) (150 mg/kg NaNO2), SN (75 mg/kg NaNO2) + PT (75 mg/kg NaNO2’ye eşdeğer) ve PT (150 mg/kg NaNO2’ye eş değer) içeren üç farklı ısıl işlem görmüş sucuk grubu üretilmiştir. PT, pH ve TBARS değerlerinde artışa neden olmuştur. Kalıntı nitrit seviyesi ise PT ve SN + PT’den etkilenmemiştir. Muameleler arasında laktik asit bakteri ve Micrococcus/Staphylococcus açısından önemli farklılıklar görülmemiştir. PT, tat ve genel kabul edilebilirlik skorlarını artırmıştır. SN + PT ve PT, N-nitrozodimetilamin, N-nitrozodietilamin ve N-nitrozopiperidin üzerinde önemli etki göstermemiştir. Belirlenen nitrozaminlerin seviyesi, pişirme süresi arttıkça artmıştır. Temel bileşen analiz sonuçlarına göre pişirme süresi, pazı tozu faktörüne göre nitrozaminler üzerinde daha fazla etki göstermiştir.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACHIEVING OPERATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF BOILERS IN THE CONTEXT OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Spandan Basak Payel  , S.M. Faysal Ahmed  , Nabila Taseen  , Md. Tanvir Siraj  , Muhammad Rubayat Bin Shahadat
Published: September 2023

This research aims to explore the challenges and opportunities for achieving operational sustainability of boilers in the context of Industry 4.0, using the Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method. The integration of Industry 4.0 technologies has the potential to revolutionize the way boilers are operated, offering benefits such as improved energy efficiency, reduced emissions, and enhanced safety. However, effective implementation of these technologies requires addressing the associated challenges and opportunities. This study ranks the challenges and opportunities based on expert feedback using the SWARA method, highlighting the most pressing issues and areas for improvement. By the feedback from 15 industrial and academic experts, the results suggest that 'workforce transformation' and 'data management and integration' are the leading challenges, while 'improved energy efficiency' and 'enhanced safety' are the most significant opportunities for achieving operational sustainability of boilers in the context of Industry 4.0. This research can inform and guide the development of policies, strategies, and solutions aimed at improving the sustainability of boilers in a rapidly changing technological landscape, and assist industrial managers in finding strategic management for sustainable boiler operation.
Haemophilus Influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccines: Recommendations for Immunization With Recently and Previously Licensed Vaccines
Authors:   Committee on Infectious Diseases
Published: September 2023

This Policy Statement was retired May 1997.

This updated statement on Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines includes recommendations for use of a newly licensed Haemophilus conjugate vaccine, and a newly licensed combination vaccine that combines one of the Haemophilus conjugate vaccines and diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, and pertussis (DTP). The statement also includes revised guidelines for the use of all conjugate vaccines. The changes concern use of different vaccine products in children younger than 15 months of age; timing for booster doses for completion of the immunization schedule in children 12 months of age and older; schedules for children in whom vaccination has been delayed in initiation, or has lapsed; choice of vaccine in children in whom vaccination against DTP or diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DT) is deferred; number of doses for children with immunologic impairment associated with increased risk of H influenzae type b disease; and indications for rifampin prophylaxis in households where contacts have been vaccinated. Related information on the basis for these new recommendations also is given.

As of 1993, four H influenzae type b conjugate vaccines, and a combination vaccine that combines one of these vaccines with DTP, are licensed in the United States. The newly licensed conjugate vaccine consists of polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) conjugated to tetanus toxoid (PRP-T; ActHIB/OmniHib, prepared by Institut Merieux and distributed in the United States by Connaught Laboratories and SmithKline Beecham). The combination vaccine consists of a licensed conjugate of PRP oligomers covalently linked to diphtheria-CRM197 protein (HbOC; HIBTITER) with DTP (TRI-IMMUNOL), and is referred to as HbOC-DTP (TETRAMUNE; manufactured by Lederle-Praxis).
Optimization of microwave extraction of biocompounds from black pepper using meat quality assessment
Authors: Adegoke Adeola , Sanwo Kehinde Atinuke , Sobukola Olajide Philip , Egbeyale Lawrence, Tokunbo
Published: September 2023

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a plant highly valued for its functional aromatic compounds. To increase bioavailability of its phytochemicals, a novel approach to extraction using microwave heating and optimization was investigated. Fixed (microwave power and particle size) and variable (heating time and solvent volume) extraction criteria were applied to obtain aqueous extracts, followed by the optimization of the quality of extracts by subjecting the extracts to meat quality test using the central composite design. Thereafter, quality indices (pH, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value, refrigeration loss, colour and cooking loss) of meat subjected to storage were determined and the outcomes were analysed using response surface methodology. A total of six optimised solutions were derived but the best extraction criteria (variable) were 87.28 min and 364.26 mL of heating time and solvent volume respectively with a desirability value of 0.624, while microwave power and particle size were kept constant. Afterwards, selected optimised extraction criteria was applied, and black pepper aqueous extract obtained was compositionally analysed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Remarkably, a total of 71 compounds were extracted, comprising element-based compounds such as silicon, nitrogen, sulphur and iodine. Two silicon and nitrogen-based compounds as well as one sulphur and nitrogen-sulphur based compound were obtained while seven iodine-based compounds were discovered alongside other functional compounds. This approach results in green and efficient extraction process with increased bioavailability of functional compounds. However, further modifications of extraction criteria can be applied to upscale the desirability level (score) for increased extraction efficiency.
Fine root biomass and its relationship with the soil in degraded areas by mining in biogeographic Chocó
Authors: Quinto Mosquera Harley , Rivas Urrutia Yeison , Palacios Murillo Natalia
Published: September 2023

Fine root biomass (FRB) is essential for the functioning of tropical forests. However, due to the degradation generated by mining, it is necessary to evaluate the influence of the soil and the successional time on the FRB, to contribute to its restoration. Forests of biogeographic Chocó have been affected by mining; for this reason, the objective of evaluating the influence of the soil and the successional time on the FRB in abandoned mines was proposed. For this, plots were established in three successional stages: two abandoned mines (12-15 and 30-35 years) and a primary forest. Subsequently, the physicochemical conditions of the soil and the FRB (<2 mm) at 20 cm depth were measured. The registered FRB was 5.73 t ha-1 in stages of 12-15 years, 2.56 t ha-1 in stages of 30- 35 years, and 5.91 t ha-1 forests; that is, it recovered quickly, but did not increase with successional time. In general, the FRB was determined by successional age, fertility, OM, and clay. In stages of 12-15 years, it was positively associated with OM and slime; and negatively with clay and sand. While, in stages of 30-35 years, it was positively related to Al, N, Ca and clay; but, with K, MO and Mg it was negative. In summary, it was determined that the soils have a different influence on the FRB in each successional stag. In addition, the limitation of belowground biomass storage due to multiple nutrients, which affect the mitigation of global climate change, was noted.
Minimalist revision of Mesochorus Gravenhorst, 1829 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Mesochorinae) from Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, with 158 new species and host records for 129 species
Authors: Sharkey Michael J.  , Baker Austin , McCluskey Kathryn  , Smith Alex , Naik Suresh , Ratnasingham Sujeevan , Manjunath Ramya , Perez Kate , Sones Jayme , D’Souza Michelle , St. Jacques Brianne , Hajibabaei Mehrdad , Whitfield Jim , Arias Diana , Solis Alma , Metz Mark , Burns John , Zuñiga Ronald , Phillips-Rodriguez Eugenie , Espinoza Bernardo , Chacon Isidro , Hebert Paul , Hallwachs Winnie , Janzen Daniel
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Species of Mesochorus are found worldwide and members of this genus are primarily hyperparasitoids of Ichneumonoidea and Tachinidae. 

Objectives: To describe species of Costa Rican Mesochorus reared from caterpillars and to a lesser extent Malaise-trapped. 

Methods: The species are diagnosed by COI mtDNA barcodes, morphological inspection, and host data. A suite of images and host data (plant, caterpillar, and primary parasitoid) are provided for each species.

Results: A total of 158 new species of Mesochorus. Sharkey is the taxonomic authority for all. 

Conclusions: This demonstrates a practical application of DNA barcoding that can be applied to the masses of undescribed neotropical insect species in hyperdiverse groups.
Naturalistas y científicos extranjeros influyentes en el desarrollo de las ciencias biológicas en Costa Rica
Authors: Quirós Luko Hilje
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Desde los inicios de su vida republicana, el desarrollo de las ciencias biológicas en Costa Rica ha estado muy influido por centenares de naturalistas y científicos extranjeros, quienes han efectuado actividades de exploración, investigación y publicación en relación con su biodiversidad. 

Objetivo: Para entender mejor sus contribuciones, en este artículo se hace un recorrido histórico, con énfasis en el último siglo y medio, en cuanto a las motivaciones que atrajeron a estas personas a Costa Rica, así como a sus aportes científicos concretos. 

Métodos: Para tratar este tema se definieron seis criterios: a) si fueron residentes o itinerantes; b) si mantuvieron una relación frecuente con Costa Rica; c) si realizaron recolección de especímenes; d) el tipo de publicación y e) si efectuaron docencia o gestión institucional. 

Resultados: La información está organizada en seis grandes secciones, estructuradas de manera cronológica, así: los primeros inventarios de la biodiversidad de Costa Rica (1513-1842), el reconocimiento de las ciencias biológicas en la cultura costarricense (1839-1848), la inserción de las ciencias biológicas en la cultura costarricense (1854-1886), la institucionalización de las ciencias biológicas en Costa Rica (1886-1900), Costa Rica como meca para efectuar exploraciones biológicas (1900-1957) y la formación de profesionales en ciencias biológicas (1940-2021). 

Conclusiones: Esta periodización nos permite contextualizar los aportes de dichos naturalistas o científicos en el tiempo, así como visualizar de mejor manera los acontecimientos y las circunstancias económicas, sociales y políticas que condicionaron sus labores científicas.
Increased volatility in video poker results in more winning players but shorter winning streaks – Evidence from simulations
Authors: Palomäki Jussi , Turner Nigel , Macey Joseph , Castrén Sari
Published: September 2023

Objective and Method

Electronic gambling machines are a prominent cause of significant gambling harms globally. We use simulations of a simplified video poker game to show how changes in game volatility, defined primarily by the size of the main prize, affect patterns of wins and losses as well as winning streaks.

Results

We found that in low- and medium volatility games the proportion of winning players quickly drops to zero after about 30 h of play, while in the high volatility game 5% of players are still winning after playing for 100 h. However, the proportion of winning streaks was significantly higher in the low- and medium volatility games compared with high volatility: the simulated players were on a winning streak about 26.3, 25.6 and 18% of the time in the low-, medium- and high volatility games, respectively.

Conclusions

Fast-paced video poker with varying volatility levels but identical return-to-player rates and win frequencies can yield highly different result patterns across individuals. These patterns may be counter-intuitive for players and difficult to realize without simulations and visualizations. We argue that the findings have relevance for responsible gambling communication and for building a better understanding of how cognitive biases influence gambling behaviour.
Evaluating the role of psychedelic psychotherapy in addressing societal alienation: Imaginaries of liberation
Authors: Tempone-Wiltshire Julien , Matthews Floren
Published: September 2023

Questions are currently being posed concerning the implications of the clinical uptake of psychedelics. While enthusiasm surrounds the potential therapeutic benefits of psychedelics and critique surrounds their appropriation to commercial ends, limited attention has been given to the role of psychedelics in generating social transformation. Herbert Marcuse contended radical change requires ‘new imaginaries of liberation’. We consider whether clinical uptake of psychedelics may produce the perceptual shifts necessary to generate social transformation surrounding contemporary alienating conditions. Economic structures contributing to these alienating conditions are highly resistant to change and may neuter psychedelics' revolutionary potential. We illustrate how psychedelics may be instrumentalised: regulating individuals into unjust systems; redirecting psychedelic usage away from therapeutic ends towards productivity; distracting or diverting attention from systemic forms of control; usurping non-ordinary states into the domain of self-care; and fetishistically commodifying psychedelic experience as a consumable. There are, however, reasons to believe that psychedelics, in raising consciousnesses, may prove resistant to co-option. In particular, psychedelics induce perceptual experiences that: challenge the paradigmatic assumptions of industrial society by provoking alternative epistemologies and metaphysics; generate expanded or ecological constructions of selfhood, thereby offering resignifications of meanings, desires, and life potentials; and offer the enriched phenomenological insight into self, other, and world called for in combating ubiquitous social alienation. In this way, psychedelics may induce the revolution in perception necessary to imagine liberatory potentials and spark the desire for collective emancipation.
TESCREAL hallucinations: Psychedelic and AI hype as inequality engines
Authors: Devenot Neşe
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims

While many scholars have called attention to similarities between the earlier SSRI hype and the ongoing hype for psychedelic medications, the rhetoric of psychedelic hype is tinged with utopian and esoteric aspirations that have no parallel in the discourse surrounding SSRIs or other antidepressants. This utopian discourse provides insight into the ways that global tech elites are instrumentalizing both psychedelics and artificial intelligence (AI) as tools in a broader world-building project that justifies increasing material inequality. If realized, this project would undermine the use of both tools for prosocial and pro-environmental outcomes.

Methods

My argument develops through rhetorical analysis of the ways that industry leaders envision the future of medicalized psychedelics in their public communications. I draw on examples from media interviews, blog posts, podcasts, and press releases to underscore the persuasive strategies and ideological commitments that are driving the movement to transform psychedelics into pharmaceutical medications.

Results

Counterfactual efforts to improve mental health by increasing inequality are widespread in the psychedelics industry. These efforts have been propelled by an elitist worldview that is widely-held in Silicon Valley. The backbone of this worldview is the TESCREAL bundle of ideologies, which describes an interrelated cluster of belief systems: transhumanism, Extropianism, singularitarianism, cosmism, Rationalism, Effective Altruism, and longtermism.

Conclusions

This article demonstrates that TESCREALism is a driving force in major segments of the psychedelic pharmaceutical industry, where it is influencing the design of extractive systems that directly contradict the field's world-healing aspirations. These findings contribute to a developing subfield of critical psychedelic studies, which interrogates the political and economic implications of psychedelic medicalization.
Az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma ellátása: új perspektívák
Authors: Kádár Bettina Kata , Pribék Ildikó Katalin , Gajdics Janka , Szemelyácz János , Andó Bálint , Lázár Bence András
Published: September 2023

Az alkoholhasználati zavar egyik legjelentősebb szövődménye az alkoholmegvonásos
szindróma, amely olyan összetett neuropszichiátriai kórkép, melynek kezelése
hazánkban elsősorban nem szakspecifikus, másodsorban pszichiátriai/addiktológiai
fekvő- és járóbeteg-ellátási keretek között zajlik. Az alkoholmegvonásos
szindróma egyrészről az alkoholhasználat-zavar súlyosságának egyik legfontosabb
jelzője, másrészről olyan súlyos klinikai állapotok kialakulásához vezethet,
mint a megvonásos konvulzív rosszullét és a delirium tremens, melyeknek igen
jelentős a mortalitásuk. Ily módon az alkoholmegvonásos szindróma korai
felismerése, megfelelő nyomon követése és az optimális terápia megválasztása
elengedhetetlen. A jelen összefoglaló közlemény alapvető célját az elmúlt két
évtized idevonatkozó szakirodalmi adatainak áttekintése és egy korszerű,
egységes diagnosztikus és terápiás séma kialakítása képezte. Az
alkoholmegvonásos szindróma tüneteinek felismerésében és nyomon követésében
kiemelten fontos az Alkohol Megvonási Skála alkalmazása, míg rizikóbecslésében a
Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale mérőeszköz javasolt. A
gyógyszeres terápia alapját a benzodiazepinek képezik. A vizsgálatok többsége a
diazepámot, a klórdiazepoxidot, a lorezapámot és az oxazepámot részesíti
előnyben eltérő indikációval. Az elmúlt években ugyanakkor felmerült a nem
benzodiazepin típusú terápia jelentősége is. A nem benzodiazepin típusú
farmakonok esetén a propofol, a fenobarbitál, az antiepileptikumok közül a
karbamazepin és az oxkarbamazepin, míg az alfa-2-adrenerg-receptor-agonista
szerek közül a klonidin és a dexmedetomidin hatásossága emelendő ki. Továbbá
megállapítható, hogy megvonásos konvulzív rosszullét és delirium tremens
esetében is a benzodiazepin-terápia hatásossága az elsődleges. A jelen
összefoglaló közleményben az elmúlt két évtized szakirodalmi adatainak
áttekintésével korszerű, egységes diagnosztikus és terápiás séma kialakítására
törekedtünk , mely egyrészről elősegítheti az alkoholhasználati zavarral küzdő
páciensek ellátási színvonalának növelését, továbbá lehetőséget teremt további
klinikai vizsgálatok megszervezésére. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(38): 1487–1496.
Szájüregi daganatszűrés: mit tehet az egészségügyi ellátórendszer a betegségteher mérsékléséért?
Authors: Döbrőssy Lajos , Lapis Károly
Published: September 2023

A szájüregi daganatok gyakori előfordulásuk és haláloki szerepük miatt
népegészségügyi fontosságú betegségek csoportját képezik. Elvben
szűrővizsgálattal korán felismerhetők, eredményesen kezelhetők, így az okozott
halálozás mérsékelhető. A szájüregi szűrés egyszerű, három szakaszból áll,
úgymint kikérdezés, a nyelv és a szájüreg képleteinek megtekintése, majd a nyaki
nyirokcsomók megtapintása. A vizsgálatot rutinszerűen a fogorvos, de a háziorvos
és foglalkozás-egészségügyi személyzet is elvégezheti. Ha a vizsgálat
rákmegelőző állapotot vagy daganatra utaló jeleket mutat, a beteget
sztomatológiai intézetbe kell utalni. A szájüregi daganatban megbetegedettek
jelentős hányada ugyanis alacsony társadalmi-gazdasági státuszban lévő,
hátrányos helyzetű, „fogorvos- és orvoskerülő”, nehezen elérhető. Az
egészségügyi ellátórendszer feladata a „rejtőzködő”, nagy kockázatú személyek
felkutatása és irányítása a szájüregi szűrővizsgálat színhelyére. Orv Hetil.
2023; 164(38): 1497–1505.
Proteins in the design of sustainable plastics alternatives
Authors: Chan Wui Yarn
Published: September 2023

Proteins have great potential as renewable materials, and the valorization of protein-rich byproducts in food production and biorefineries can additionally increase the environmental and economical sustainability of these sectors. Proteins are polyamides that are characterized by their extensive intra- and intermolecular interactions. They are stiff and brittle, and have high softening temperatures in the absence of solvents or plasticizers. In this prospective, strategies that convert proteins into mechanically robust and processable materials are summarized. Structure–property relationships are discussed alongside protein modification and material design strategies, and the challenges and outlook for protein-based materials are presented.

Graphical abstract
Cross-breastfeeding and milk donation in Brazil
Authors: Boccolini Cristiano Siqueira , Reis Neilane Bertoni dos , Farias Dayana Rodrigues , Berti Talita Lelis , Lacerda Elisa Maria de Aquino , Castro Inês Rugani Ribeiro de , Kac Gilberto , Vertulli Carneiro Letícia B. , dos Anjos Luiz Antonio , Alves-Santos Nadya Helena , de Freitas Maiara Brusco , Normando Paula , Andrade Pedro Gomes , Schincaglia Raquel Machado
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of cross-breastfeeding, human milk donation to human milk banks and reception of human milk from human milk banks, and to investigate the intersection between cross-breastfeeding and breast milk donation practices. This study used data from the national household-based survey Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), which collected information from 14,558 children < 5 years old between February 2019 and March 2020. The present study included data from 5,831 biological mothers who reported having breastfed their child < 2 years old at least once and replied questions about cross-breastfeeding, donation and recaption of human milk to human milk banks. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated for each stratifier, considering the study complex sample design. Among mothers of children < 2 years old who breastfed their child at least once, 21.1% practiced cross-breastfeeding; breastfeeding another child was more frequent (15.6%) than allowing a child to be breastfed by another woman (11.2%). Among this population, 4.8% of women donated human milk to a human milk bank, and 3.6% reported that their children had received donated human milk. The donation of human milk is a practice recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and has the potential to save thousands of newborns throughout Brazil. In contrast, cross-breastfeeding is contraindicated due to the potential risk of transmitting HIV. There is a need for a broad debate on these practices in Brazil and worldwide.
Capital estrangeiro e mudança estrutural no mercado privado de serviços de saúde brasileiro
Authors: Kamia Felipe Duvaresch , Vargas Marco Antonio
Published: September 2023

Resumo: Este artigo analisa o processo de transformação estrutural no mercado privado de serviços de saúde brasileiro a partir dos anos 2000, com ênfase na crescente participação de fundos financeiros e do capital estrangeiro no processo de expansão e consolidação do setor. A análise do movimento de ingresso do capital estrangeiro nos serviços e planos de saúde no Brasil foi desenvolvida a partir da construção de uma base dados com um total de 297 operações patrimoniais envolvendo empresas com atividades em serviços de saúde, inclusive operadoras de planos e seguros de saúde e administradoras de benefícios em saúde. A análise dessas operações evidencia que o afluxo de capital estrangeiro foi fundamental para viabilizar a centralização de capital em determinadas empresas e catalisar o processo de concentração e transformação estrutural do setor de serviços de saúde ao longo das últimas duas décadas. Conclui-se que o acirramento da disputa intercapitalista no mercado de serviços de saúde levou à emergência de grandes corporações no mercado e a novos modelos de negócio, com destaque especial para o surgimento de redes verticalizadas de atendimento (operação de planos, serviços hospitalares, ambulatoriais, de diagnóstico e tratamento e de atenção básica).
Estabelecidos, outsiders e renovadores: mensurando a lealdade partidária dos deputados federais eleitos em 2018
Authors: Picussa Roberta , Souza Renan Arnon de , Codato Adriano
Published: September 2023

Resumo: Analisamos o perfil sociopolítico e o comportamento político em votações nominais dos deputados federais eleitos para a 56ª Legislatura (2019-2023). Os deputados foram divididos em três grupos: Estabelecidos (deputados que não estavam em primeiro mandato); Outsiders (deputados que estavam em primeiro mandato); e Renovadores (outsiders que eram membros de organizações suprapartidárias de renovação política). O objetivo foi verificar se havia diferenças significativas entre os grupos e se os Renovadores apresentaram peculiaridades no seu comportamento parlamentar. Os resultados mostraram que os grupos apresentam diferenças na idade, raça, ideologia partidária e no padrão de financiamento de campanha. Porém, através de análise de diferenças de médias, concluiu-se que não existe diferença entre a média dos índices de lealdade partidária dos parlamentares de cada grupo, sendo o comportamento dos deputados muito parecido entre si. O achado relativiza a pretensa novidade trazida na onda de renovação política em 2018 no Brasil.
Clinical and Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of rabbits sedated with dexmedetomidine in combination with midazolam and morphine
Authors: Bitencourt Eduarda Hoffmann , Lima Marcos Paulo Antunes de , Barreto Maira Souza Oliveira , Sousa Felipe Gaia de , Silva Euler Fraga , Pimenta Eutálio Luiz Mariani , Beier Suzane Lilian
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinical, cardiorespiratory, and Doppler echocardiographic changes in rabbits sedated with midazolam and morphine combined with or without dexmedetomidine. This study was a blinded, randomized, controlled experiment that included 16 adult male New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.1 ± 0.3 kg. The animals were sedated using one of the following protocols: 1 mg/kg midazolam and 2 mg/kg morphine (MIDA, n = 8), or 25 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 2 mg/kg morphine and 1 mg/kg midazolam (DEX, n = 8). Sedation latency, duration of the sedation and recovery period, sedation scores, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and recta temperature were recorded, and Doppler echocardiography was performed. Latency periods were 7.3±1.6 min in the DEX group and 10.9 ± 5.0 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.112). Sedation duration was 122.4±14 min in the DEX group and 71.2 ± 32 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.005), whereas recovery time was 35.7±17.7 min in the DEX group and 32.5 ± 25.3 min in the MIDA group (P = 0.743). The sedation scores for the DEX group were significantly higher than those for the MIDA group throughout the monitoring period. Reductions in HR, SAP, MAP, and DAP values were observed in both groups relative to baseline values, and were significantly lower in the DEX group compared to the MIDA group. Minimal Doppler echocardiographic changes were observed. Dexmedetomidine used in combination with midazolam and morphine incremented the quality and duration of sedation in rabbits. Both protocols elicited cardiorespiratory changes that were well-tolerated, with minimal changes in myocardial function.
Effects of thermal processing on nutritional composition and toxicity of jackfruit seeds
Authors: Nascimento Pedro César Andrade do , Lopes Melissa Moser de Araújo , Stamford Thayza Christina Montenegro , Leão Viviane Lansky Xavier de Souza , Ribeiro Marisilda de Almeida , Vasconcelos Margarida Angélica da Silva
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the impacts of thermal processing on the chemical composition of jackfruit seeds and their toxicity. The ash content of the seeds subjected to roasting was higher (3.21%) compared to the seeds in the other treatments. However, the contents of moisture (5.29%) and protein (10.49%) were lower. The protein content showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.05) among the studied groups (10.49%). The lipid content was lower in the seeds subjected to cooking (1.13%), while the carbohydrate content showed a significant difference (P≤ 0.05) among the groups studied (54.11%). Raw seeds had the highest fiber content (25.20%). Regarding toxicity, only the cooked jackfruit seed flour showed cytotoxic potential. However, none of the samples caused irritation or vascular disorders in fertilized eggs. These results suggested that heat treatment can ensure the safety of seeds against cytotoxicity; although, it reduces the content of some macronutrients.
Análise da influência das reações entre o aço galvanizado e o concreto fresco na tensão de aderência do concreto armado
Authors: Fonsêca Márcia Suzanna Dutra Abreu Borges da , Souza Erivaldo Lopes de , Meira Gibson Rocha
Published: September 2023

RESUMO O aço galvanizado por imersão a quente é bastante utilizado no controle da corrosão das estruturas em concreto armado expostas à ambientes agressivos. O que torna importante a análise do comportamento deste aço no desempenho estrutural destas estruturas. A literatura apresenta incertezas e poucos trabalhos sobre este tema. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência da corrosão inicial do aço galvanizado devido à alta alcalinidade do concreto fresco na tensão de aderência do concreto armado. Para análise foram utilizados corpos de prova compostos por um cubo de concreto com uma barra localizada no centro com comprimento de aderência definido, utilizando barras em aço (galvanizado e não galvanizado) nos diâmetros de 10 mm e 20 mm. A aderência foi avaliada através do ensaio de arrancamento simples (pull-out test). Os resultados mostraram que, a perda de espessura da camada de galvanização para todas as barras devido a corrosão inicial oriunda do contato com o concreto fresco, não acarretou prejuízo significativo na proteção proporcionada por esta camada ao aço e nem diminuição na sua tensão de aderência ao concreto. Desta forma pode-se concluir que essa corrosão inicial do zinco não afeta o desempenho estrutural do concreto armado.
Salicylic acid does not relieve salt stress on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and hydroponic melon growth
Authors: Fátima R. T. , Dantas M. V. , Lima G. S. , Oliveira V. K. N. , Soares L. A. A. , Silva A. A. R. , Gheyi H. R. , Guedes M. A. , Nóbrega J. S. , Fernandes P. D.
Published: September 2023

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the salicylic acid applications in attenuating the harmful effects of saline nutrient solution on the physiology and growth of 'Gaúcho' melon cultivated in the NFT hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in Pombal-PB, Brazil. The cultivation system used was the Nutrient Film Technique - NFT hydroponics. A completely randomized split-plot design was used, with the plot referring to four levels of salinity in the nutrient solution - ECns (2.1 control, 3.2, 4.3, and 5.4 dS m-1) and the sub-plot four concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 mM), applied via foliar spray, with six replications. Nutrient solution of 4.3 and 5.4 dS m-1 electrical conductivity promotes higher maximum and variable fluorescence, respectively. The stomatal conductance, transpiration, stem diameter, main branch length, leaf dry mass, and stem dry mass of ‘Gaúcho’ melon plants decrease with the increase in salinity of the nutrient solution. Salicylic acid increases the initial fluorescence and the main branch length of ‘Gaúcho’ melon plants in hydroponic cultivation. Salicylic acid at a concentration of 1.5 to 4.5 mM did not attenuate the effects of salt stress on the internal CO2 concentration, CO2 assimilation rate, and root dry mass of 'Gaúcho' melon plants.
Social customer relationship management e resiliência organizacional de microempresas brasileiras na pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Andrade Guilherme A. S. , Espejo Márcia M. S. B. , García-Contreras Rigoberto , Santos Cleston Alexandre dos
Published: September 2023

Resumo Objetivo: Mensurar o impacto do uso de mídias sociais como ferramenta de gestão (social customer relationship management) sobre a resiliência organizacional de microempresas brasileiras no período da crise pandê-mica da Covid-19. Originalidade/valor: A resiliência organizacional tem sido um tema amplamente investigado durante a crise pandêmica da Covid-19. Nesse contexto, o relacionamento com o cliente via mídia social foi primordial. Todavia, ainda não são claros os elementos que explicam os diferentes resultados obtidos com o uso de mídias sociais, especialmente no Brasil, lacuna que o presente estudo busca reduzir. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, operacionalizada por questionários disponibilizados por canais digitais. Obteve-se o retorno de 100 respondentes (amostra não probabilística). Na análise dos dados, utilizaram-se ferramentas de estatística descritiva, testes de médias não paramétricos e modelagem de equações estruturais, pelo método dos mínimos quadrados parciais. Resultados: Os resultados corroboraram a importância do desenvolvimento de resiliência organizacional em microempresas, em momentos de crise. De acordo com o teste das hipóteses, o modelo sugere que o mero uso de mídias sociais não é suficiente para engatilhar desdobramentos positivos sobre a resiliência organizacional. Todavia, quando mediada por ferramentas de gestão, a relação se torna significativa. Oferece-se, portanto, uma explicação aos diferentes resultados obtidos pelas microempresas com o uso de mídias sociais para fins estratégicos.
Construction of an intercultural care program for international migrants in northwestern Mexico
Authors: Esquivel Rubio Abraham Isaac , Domínguez Chávez Claudia Jennifer , Velarde Valenzuela Laura Alicia
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the construction process of an intercultural care program for international migrants in northwestern Mexico. Method: Report of professional experiences, according to what was suggested by Daltro and Faria. Results: The development and evolution of care for international migrants has favored the elaboration of a community-like Social Service Program for students of a public university in northwestern Mexico, so that intercultural health and health care for this population become part of the curricular training of the new generations of nursing graduates, in a context in which international migration is a topic of great social and cultural relevance. Conclusion: The construction and application of the Salud-Migrante program will enhance compliance with international recommendations on universal health for migrants, promoting respect for identity and cultural diversity in their actions.
Influence of cerebral blood flow on volumetric loss related to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Agnollitto Maria Izaura Sedoguti Scudeler , Leoni Renata Ferranti , Foss Maria Paula , Palaretti Julia , Cayres Marcela , Pansarim Vitor , Nather Junior Julio Cesar , Zotin Maria Clara Zanon , Ferrioli Eduardo , Lima Nereida Kilza , Santos Antonio Carlos dos , Moriguti Julio Cesar
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT CBF measured with Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) obtained by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may become an important biomarker by showing changes in early stages of AD, such as in the prodromal stage of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Objective: Verify the correlation between atrophy and CBF in patients with MCI and mild phase ADD, to demonstrate whether changes in CBF can be considered as vascular biomarkers in the diagnosis of the DA continuum. Methods: 11 healthy volunteers, 16 MCI and 15 mild ADD were evaluated. Images of the brain were acquired, including CBF measured with Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL). Results: When comparing MCI with control, a reduction in normalized CBF was observed in left posterior cingulate (estimated difference -0.38; p=0.02), right posterior cingulate (estimated difference -0.45; p=0.02) and right precuneus (estimated difference -0.28; p <0.01); also increase in normalized CBF in right upper temporal pole (estimated difference 0.22; p=0.03). It was also observed that in MCI, the smaller the gray matter volume, the smaller the CBF in the left posterior cingulate; as well as the greater the cerebrospinal fluid volume, consequent to the encephalic volumetric reduction associated with atrophy, the greater the CBF in the right superior temporal pole. When comparing controls, MCI and mild AD, in relation to the other variables, no other correlations were observed between CBF and atrophy. Conclusion: In patients with MCI, the reduction of CBF in the left posterior cingulate correlated with gray matter atrophy, as well as the increase of CBF in the right upper temporal pole correlated with an increase in cerebrospinal fluid consequent to the encephalic volumetric reduction associated with atrophy, demonstrating the influence of CBF in AD related brain atrophy. These findings position CBF as a possible vascular biomarker for early-stage AD diagnoses.
Risco de quedas e seus fatores associados na pessoa idosa hospitalizada
Authors: Caetano Gideany Maiara , Santos Neto Alexandre Pereira dos , Santos Luciana Soares Costa , Fhon Jack Roberto Silva
Published: September 2023

Resumo Objetivo analisar o risco de queda e sua associação com as variáveis demográficas, clínicas, estado cognitivo, risco de sarcopenia e fragilidade da pessoa idosa hospitalizada em uma clínica médica de um hospital universitário. Método Estudo quantitativo, observacional, transversal e analítico realizado com 60 pessoas idosas hospitalizadas na clínica médica de um hospital universitário da cidade de São Paulo – SP, Brasil, com o uso dos seguintes questionários: perfil demográfico, dados clínicos, Mini Exame do Estado Mental, Escala de Morse, Escala SARC-F e Índice de Fragilidade Tilburg. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Para as variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Spearman e para categóricas, o teste U Mann-Whitney. Para identificar a associação, foi utilizada a regressão linear múltipla e adotado um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Predomínio do sexo feminino, entre 60-79 anos e sem companheiro (a). Ademais, 80% apresentavam comprometimento cognitivo, 88,3% foram categorizados como frágeis, 60% apresentavam risco para sarcopenia e 75% possuíam alto risco de queda durante a hospitalização. Verificou-se associação do comprometimento cognitivo, ser frágil e ter risco de sarcopenia com o risco de queda na pessoa idosa hospitalizada. Conclusão o elevado risco de quedas em idosos hospitalizados está diretamente relacionado com a presença de deficit cognitivo, síndrome da fragilidade e o risco para sarcopenia, afirmando que esses fatores merecem atenção dos gestores e profissionais de enfermagem.
Terapia vocal com abordagem respiratória em idosos: prática de fonoaudiólogos brasileiros
Authors: Leão Rebeca Lins de Souza , Gomes Adriana de Oliveira Camargo , Queiroz Mariana Rebeka Gomes , Lira Zulina Souza de , Pereira Luciana Moraes Studart , Lucena Jonia Alves
Published: September 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar a prática de fonoaudiólogos brasileiros em terapia vocal para idosos com ênfase na respiração e verificar possíveis associações entre realização de cursos específicos e conhecimento sobre parâmetros respiratórios, entre o uso de incentivadores e dispositivos respiratórios e entre a idade e o uso destes instrumentos. Métodos: participaram 156 especialistas em voz, contatados via e-mail, que responderam um formulário na plataforma Google Forms. Foram incluídos especialistas em voz, com experiência maior ou igual a três anos e excluídos aqueles que não preencheram o questionário completamente. Analisaram-se frequências absolutas e relativas e a associação pelo teste Qui-quadrado, com significância de 5%. Resultados: a maioria realizou cursos com abordagem respiratória. Destacaram-se: uso de sons facilitadores, exercícios de função vocal e uso de instrumentos respiratórios, com relatos de melhora vocal. Houve associação entre o uso de incentivadores e dispositivos respiratórios e entre idade e o uso de instrumentos respiratórios. Conclusão: fonoaudiólogos experts em voz realizam terapia vocal para idosos disfônicos com ênfase na abordagem respiratória. Profissionais que usam incentivadores respiratórios usam também os dispositivos respiratórios. Aqueles com mais idade são os que mais utilizam instrumentos respiratórios. A realização de cursos específicos não está associada ao conhecimento sobre parâmetros respiratórios.
Procedimentos diagnósticos em termografia infravermelha para a face humana: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Gomes Erissandra , Santana Ellen Amanda Silva de , Dias Giovanna Tereza Barros , Silva Hannah Kamilla Azevedo da , Silva Midiane Gomes da , Almeida Aline Natallia Simões de , Carminatti Mônica , Silva Hilton Justino da
Published: September 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: apresentar um protocolo de revisão de escopo para identificar os procedimentos diagnósticos utilizados na termografia infravermelha para a avaliação da face humana. Métodos: baseado no The Joanna Briggs Institute e no checklist PRISMA-ScR, com o mnemônico: população (P) - face humana, conceito (C) - termografia infravermelha e contexto (C) - procedimentos diagnósticos na termografia infravermelha para a região da face humana. A estrutura metodológica consistirá em seis etapas. As bases de dados consultadas serão o PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, BBO, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library e Grey Literature Report. A busca será realizada sem delimitação temporal ou restrição de idioma. A revisão incluirá estudos qualitativos e quantitativos. Dois revisores selecionarão os estudos independentemente e extrairão os dados. Os resultados serão analisados utilizando uma abordagem variável. Conclusão: este protocolo de revisão de escopo seguiu os preceitos metodológicos e se encontra em condições de execução, servindo também como base para outras revisões de escopo. A realização de uma revisão de escopo é importante e a prévia publicação do protocolo de revisão de escopo fundamental, pois tem a finalidade de trazer transparência ao processo a ser realizado.