bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estilos de crianza y su efecto en el comportamiento de los niños
Authors: Cevallos Alvarado Mayte Nayeli , Morán Mosquera Mildred Katiusca , Moreira Yépez Nathaly Scarlett , Muñoz Bravo Adriana Gabriela
Published: December 2024

El propósito de este estudio es examinar la relación entre el estilo de crianza y el comportamiento infantil, enfocándose en el logro y el ajuste del comportamiento prosocial. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de estudios previos utilizando un enfoque descriptivo-analítico y análisis de contenido organizados en una matriz comparativa. Se estudió la influencia de los estilos de crianza autoritativos, permisivos, autoritarios y negligentes en el desarrollo de los niños. Los resultados muestran que un estilo autoritativo que combina límites firmes con apoyo emocional promueve habilidades de autorregulación y actitudes prosociales. Por el contrario, los estilos permisivos y negligentes se asocian con conductas impulsivas y dificultades de adaptación social. El estudio concluyó que un estilo autoritativo es mejor para el desarrollo general de los niños y recomendó que se implementen programas de entrenamiento para padres para promover prácticas de crianza equilibradas y así mejorar el bienestar de los niños.
El juego como estrategia para el desarrollo de destrezas en niños de 2 a 3 años
Authors: Colorado Escalante Daysi Ana , Paladines Cartuche Adriana Lisseth , Pihuave López Nathaly Nicole , Solorzano Burbano Jenniffer Abigail , Solórzano Ortega Verónica Cecibel
Published: December 2024

El juego es un elemento esencial en el desarrollo de un niño, estudiando las múltiples formas de su influencia a través de las distintas etapas por las que se desenvuelve durante su crecimiento. Este artículo tiene por objetivo, explorar el uso del juego como una estrategia educativa para el desarrollo de destrezas esenciales en niños de 2 a 3 años. Se realizó a través de una revisión de la literatura con los estudios más recientes que analizan como las actividades de juego contribuyen al desarrollo de destrezas motrices, sociales y cognitivas en la llamada primera infancia. Como resultado de la investigación se muestras esquemas que recalcan la trascendencia del juego libre y también el estructurado y la influencia práctica en todos los entornos educativos actuales, por lo que es importante seguir estudiando su aporte en el niño cuando inicia su etapa escolar con apoyo de sus padres, maestros y cuidadores.
Técnicas Grafoplásticas en el Desarrollo de la Motricidad Fina
Authors: Zambrano Quiñonez Judith Cecilia , Gonzaga Tenezaca Kerly Alisson , Martínez Peliza Jeremi Nair , Pin Santana Génesis Michelle , Poma Velásquez Nelly Elizabeth
Published: December 2024

El artículo Técnicas Grafoplásticas en el Desarrollo de la Motricidad Fina busca examinar la importancia de las técnicasgrafoplásticas en la educación inicial enfocándose en el impacto que produce en el desarrollo de habilidades motoras finasen niños de 3 a 5 años. Estas técnicas incluyen actividades como lo son el dibujar, pintar, recortar y modelar, las cuales sonfundamentales para mejorar la coordinación óculo manual y la destreza manual y es esencial para la realización de tareascotidianas y académicas. En este artículo se enfatiza la necesidad de capacitar a los docentes con la implementación de estastécnicas grafoplásticas para aumentar su efectividad, en un entorno educativo adecuado, con los materiales accesibles yvariados, se vuelve crucial para fomentar la creatividad y la exploración sin el temor a cometer errores. Se recalca en que lastécnicas grafoplásticas pueden ser integradas en muchas áreas del aprendizaje, en este caso se incluye las matemáticas y lasciencias, potenciando así en un enfoque interdisciplinario. En la discusión se realizan estudios que defienden la eficacia de lastécnicas grafoplásticas en el desarrollo integral del niño, Concluyendo que las actividades grafoplásticas son en sí importantespara la mejora de las habilidades motoras finas, en promover un aprendizaje significativo y enriquecedor. Se recomienda unainclusión sistemática en la que se pueda asegurar un desarrollo holístico y la preparación de los niños para poder enfrentarlos desafíos académicos y sociales en el futuro.
Estrategias lúdicas en el desarrollo socio-emocional en Educación Inicial I (1 a 2 años)
Authors: Guaman Pacalla Evelyn Maylin , Medina Villavicencio Daniela Dennisse , Ochoa Ortiz Katherine Melina , Toapanta Mina Geraldine Daniela
Published: December 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo general explorar la influencia de las estrategias lúdicas en el desarrollo socioemocional de los niños de 1 a 2 años en educación inicial. La metodología consistió en una revisión bibliográfica con diseño documental y análisis de contenido para identificar estrategias específicas que promueven habilidades socioemocionales. Se analizaron estudios que destacan cómo el juego simbólico y de roles facilita la regulación emocional, mientras que el juego estructurado y las actividades creativas como el dibujo promueven la empatía, el autocontrol y la reducción de ansiedad en los niños. Entre los objetivos específicos, se identificaron las estrategias lúdicas más efectivas en la regulación emocional, el desarrollo de habilidades sociales, y la disminución de ansiedad. En conclusión, los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de incluir el juego como herramienta educativa fundamental en la educación inicial, debido a su impacto positivo en el desarrollo integral socioemocional en la primera infancia.
Analysis of the effectiveness of different biosynthetic techniques on altering natural products to create novel antibiotics
Authors: Singh Sanskriti
Published: December 2024

Antibiotics are ubiquitous in modern medicine due to how useful they are in combating sickness and disease. They vary greatly in structure and function, permitting their use in the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections. However, due to the development of resistance in bacteria, antibiotics must constantly be updated to remain effective. There are many strategies which have been applied to alter natural products and subsequently create novel antibiotics, including precursor-directed biosynthesis, genetic engineering, and combinatorial biosynthesis. Different techniques have been proven effective on different natural products due to the diverse structures of these natural products, each ranging in effectiveness. This review compiles several studies where naturally occurring β-lactams and glycopeptides have been modified through the previously mentioned techniques in order to create new antibiotics. The studies impart insight on the effectiveness of each of these techniques and their potential utilization in the future of the medical field.
Optimizing Quantum Key Distribution Networks Using Quantum Annealing and Gate-Based Quantum Computing
Authors: Shah Aadi
Published: December 2024

This paper analyzes the current Quantum Key Distribution Model which is widely used and integrates quantum annealing and gate-based quantum computing to optimize the process. It talks about the basics of QKD, Annealing, and Gate-based quantum computing, their significance in today’s world, and the existing research done on them. At the end of the paper, there is a method that proposes a new approach to integrating gate-based quantum computing and quantum annealing in QKD which might not be feasible right now but when it is practically implemented it shows how this method will be efficient, effective and will have the least energy consumed.
Vitrales británicos en Chile: rol de la imagen en el espacio de culto
Authors: Moraga Andrea Araos , Rodríguez Matta Diego
Published: December 2024

El vitral europeo se introdujo en América del Sur en la década de 1870 por medio de importaciones de obras, en su mayoría religiosas, desde Alemania, Francia y Reino Unido. Si bien el corpus de vitrales de los templos católicos en Chile ha sido estudiado, el de las iglesias reformadas es casi desconocido. La intención y recepción de la imagen representada difiere en los espacios de culto de las distintas confesiones. Este artículo analiza la iconografía en los vitrales de la catedral anglicana Saint Paul en Valparaíso; la capilla anglicana Saint Peter y Union Church en Viña del Mar. Se presentan los antecedentes generales de las obras, iconografía, atribución de los talleres fabricantes o autores, fecha de fabricación y dedicatorias conmemorativas que permiten ilustrar la hipótesis en torno a la vocación memorial del caso anglicano. Se complementa la investigación con notas acerca del tratamiento estilístico, técnicas y estado general de conservación de los vitrales.
PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE UNDERSTANDING IN TURKEY AND THE WORLD
Authors: Ak Sebla
Published: December 2024

For the development of patient safety culture, which has a very important place in the success of health institutions, the equal distribution of technological equipment and information brought by the modern age, which is patient-centered, safe, effective, brings with it a number of norms. The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of patient safety in the establishment of patient safety culture and practices in the provision of health services in Turkey and the world, and the importance of patient trust in health institutions by examining the quality development strategies in detail in this regard. In recent years, the concept of patient safety culture has been a subject that quality standards management units have meticulously focused on in Turkey, and the increase in medical errors due to the advanced level of risk factors in health institutions has made patient safety gain importance. In order to foresee errors that occur due to risks and to prevent errors related to this situation in advance, and to provide health services in a more qualified and safe manner, primary duties and responsibilities fall primarily on health managers and employees.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВОМ СЕРВИСНЫХ УСЛУГ НА ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНОМ ТРАНСПОРТЕ
Authors: Баймухамедова А.М. , Баймухамедова Г.С. , Александрова М.Л.
Published: December 2024

Рассмотрены состояние и перспективы развития сервисных услуг в ТОО «КТЖ-Грузовые перевозки». Одной из основных целей структурной реформы на железнодорожном транспорте является создание и развитие конкурентного рынка железнодорожных перевозок. Транспортные услуги должны быть ориентированы на их получателей, а именно на потребности населения, экономики, а также на решение стратегических задач по обеспечению единства, обороны и безопасности страны. Описаны принципы технического обеспечения спроса на железнодорожные перевозки по объему и качеству обслуживания. Отмечена необходимость учета и внедрения экономических показателей, характеризующих уровень технического развития железнодорожного транспорта, уровень рационализации использования транспортных ресурсов и уровень взаимодействия с грузовладельцами, что позволяет оценить эффективность работы железных дорог по повышению качества перевозок.

«ҚТЖ-Жүк тасымалы» ЖШС қызмет көрсетудің жағдайы мен даму перспективалары қарастырылды. Темір жол көлігіндегі құрылымдық реформаның негізгі мақсаттарының бірі – бәсекеге қабілетті темір жол көлігі нарығын құру және дамыту. Көлік қызметтері оларды алушыларға, атап айтқанда халықтың, экономиканың қажеттіліктеріне, сондай-ақ елдің бірлігін, қорғанысы мен қауіпсіздігін қамтамасыз ету бойынша стратегиялық міндеттерді шешуге бағытталуы керек. Қызмет көрсету көлемі мен сапасы бойынша теміржол көлігіне сұранысты техникалық қамтамасыз ету принциптері сипатталған. Теміржол көлігінің техникалық даму деңгейін, көлік ресурстарын пайдалануды ұтымды ету деңгейін және жүк иелерімен өзара іс-қимыл деңгейін сипаттайтын экономикалық көрсеткіштерді есепке алу және енгізу қажеттілігі атап өтілді, бұл оның тиімділігін бағалауға мүмкіндік береді. тасымалдау сапасын арттыруда темір жол.

The state and prospects of development of service services in "KTZh-Gruzovye transportation" LLP are considered. One of the main goals of the structural reform on railway transport is the creation and development of a competitive market of railway transportation. Transport services should be focused on their recipients, namely on the needs of the population, the economy, as well as the solution of strategic issues of ensuring the unity, defense and security of the country. The principles of technical provision of demand for railway transportation in terms of volume and quality of service are described. The necessity of accounting and implementation of economic indicators characterizing the level of technical development of railroad transport, the level of rationalization of transport resources and the level of interaction with cargo owners is noted, which allows to evaluate the efficiency of railroads work on improving the quality of transportation.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYZING PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Baimukhamedov M.F. , Baimukhamedova A.M. , Baimukhamedova G.S. , Isaeva N.N.
Published: December 2024

This article is aimed to develop and bring to the practical use the methods and algorithms for researching the problems of development of the power industry and identifying the main of them at the stage of development of strategic plans for the power industry of Kazakhstan. The main objective of the proposed conceptual approach to identifying priority problems in the development of Kazakhstan's electric power industry is aimed a methodological approach to ensure the conditions for long-term and sustainable economic development through the effective interaction of the electric power industry and sectors of the country's economy in the long term. The proposed methodological approach will: to increase objectivity, validity and additional argumentation of the choice of the really main problems of the industry, to increase confidence of industry workers and the government at the level of both regions and the country as a whole in the correctness of the strategic decisions taken.

Мақсаты: Осы мақаланың мақсаты – Қазақстанның электр энергетикасының стратегиялық жоспарларын әзірлеу кезеңінде электр энергетикасын дамыту мәселелерін зерттеу және негізгілерін анықтау әдістері мен алгоритмдерін әзірлеу және тәжірибеге енгізу. Қазақстанның электр энергетикасын дамытудың басым проблемаларын анықтауға ұсынылып отырған тұжырымдамалық тәсілдің негізгі мақсаты электр энергетикасы мен елдің электр энергетикасы арасындағы тиімді өзара іс-қимыл арқылы ұзақ мерзімді және тұрақты экономикалық даму шарттарын қамтамасыз етуге әдістемелік көзқарасқа бағытталған. ұзақ мерзімді перспективада экономикалық секторлар. Ұсынылып отырған әдістемелік тәсіл мыналарға мүмкіндік береді: саланың шын мәнінде негізгі мәселелерін таңдаудың объективтілігін, негізділігін және қосымша дәлелділігін арттыруға, сала қызметкерлері мен биліктің екі өңірдің де, жалпы ел деңгейінде де сенімін арттыруға мүмкіндік береді. қабылданған стратегиялық шешімдердің дұрыстығы.

Цель: Целью данной статьи является разработка и внедрение в практику методов и алгоритмов исследования проблем развития электроэнергетики и определение основных из них на этапе разработки стратегических планов электроэнергетики Казахстана. Основная цель предлагаемого концептуального подхода к выявлению приоритетных проблем развития электроэнергетики Казахстана направлена на методический подход к обеспечению условий долгосрочного и устойчивого экономического развития посредством эффективного взаимодействия электроэнергетика и отрасли экономики страны в долгосрочной перспективе. Предложенный методический подход позволит: повысить объективность, обоснованность и дополнительную аргументированность выбора действительно основных проблем отрасли, повысить доверие работников отрасли и власти на уровне как регионов, так и страны в целом в правильность принимаемых стратегических решений.
МЕСТО И РОЛЬ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРАВ И СВОБОД В СИСТЕМЕ КОНСТИТУЦИОННОГО СТРОЯ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Валихан А.
Published: December 2024

Статья раскрывает значение экономических прав и свобод личности в системе конституционных прав Казахстана, включая их вклад в экономическое развитие и социальную стабильность. Исследуется правовое регулирование этих прав, их взаимодействие с политическими, социальными и культурными правами, а также влияние на рост благосостояния и доверия к государственным институтам. Анализ подчеркивает необходимость баланса между свободой экономической деятельности и государственным регулированием, что обеспечивает развитие демократии и укрепление правопорядка..

Мақалада Қазақстандағы конституциялық құқықтар жүйесінде тұлғаның экономикалық құқықтары мен бостандықтарының маңызы ашылады, олардың экономикалық даму мен әлеуметтік тұрақтылыққа қосқан үлесі атап көрсетіледі. Бұл құқықтардың заңды реттелуі, олардың саяси, әлеуметтік және мәдени құқықтармен өзара байланысы, сондай-ақ әл-ауқаттың артуына және мемлекеттік институттарға деген сенімнің нығаюына ықпалы зерттеледі. Талдау экономикалық қызмет еркіндігі мен мемлекеттік реттеудің тепе-теңдігін сақтаудың қажеттілігін, бұл демократияны дамыту мен құқықтық тәртіпті нығайтуды қамтамасыз ететінін баса көрсетеді.

The article highlights the significance of economic rights and freedoms of individuals within the system of constitutional rights in Kazakhstan, emphasizing their contribution to economic development and social stability. It examines the legal regulation of these rights, their interaction with political, social, and cultural rights, and their impact on improving well-being and trust in state institutions. The analysis underscores the need for a balance between economic activity freedom and state regulation, which fosters democratic development and strengthens the rule of law..
Investigating Racial Disparities in Insulin Pump Use Among People with Type 1 Diabetes Across the United States: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Nassar Mahmoud , Azzam Ahmed Y. , Morsy Mahmoud M. , Patoli Iqra , Gill Angad , Marte Erlin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Despite technological advances in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) management, racial disparities in insulin pump utilization persist. We investigated patterns of insulin pump adoption across different racial groups using a large-scale, multi-institutional database to quantify these disparities and identify potential intervention points.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX research network, analyzing data from 978,665 T1D patients across 66 healthcare organizations. Propensity score matching was employed to balance cohorts, with a focused sub-analysis of Buffalo, NY (n=6,080) to examine regional variations in comparison to the United States nationwide present data.
Results: Nationwide data revealed significant racial disparities in insulin pump utilization, with White patients showing the highest adoption rate (11.74%) compared to Black or African American (AA) patients (4.056%). Buffalo cohort demonstrated higher overall adoption rates but maintained similar disparity patterns (White: 30.18%, Black or AA: 13.75%). Post-matching analysis confirmed these disparities persisted independent of demographic factors.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal significant racial disparities in insulin pump adoption, with regional variations suggesting the influence of institutional factors. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions to promote equitable access to diabetes technology and prevent the widening of health disparities in T1D care.
Pendidikan Islam dan Pemanfaatan Media Sosial YouTube dalam Memberikan Dampak Pengembangan Keterampilan Belajar Agama
Authors: Pohan Khairisa
Published: December 2024

Pemanfaatan media digital saat ini telah menjadi bagian utama dalam membentuk arus belajar bagi setiap kalangan, termasuk kalangan pelajar. Dengan kuatnya arus perkembangan teknologi dan informasi, media-media digital memberikan platform yang beragam seperti konten hiburan dan pembelajaran. Konten pembelajaran acapkali ditemukan dalam berbagai jenis media-media digital salah-satunya seperti aplikasi YouTube. YouTube sebagai aplikasi pemutar audio visual memiliki banyak sekali muatan dalam pembelajaran agama Islam. Beberapa akademisi, pemuka agama dan pembelajar seringkali mengunggah video pembelajaran di kanal YouTube seperti membaca kitab, kajian fiqh, ceramah agama, respon pada isu-isu social politik dan ekonomi Islam. Hal ini memberikan dua dampak, dampak negatif dan positif, dampak negatifnya adalah berkembangnya algoritma yang membuat masyarakat terkotak dalam gelembung (bubble effect), sedangkan dampak positifnya adalah terbukanya segala akses untuk dapat belajar kepada siapa saja tentang apa saja di kanal YouTube. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan membaca fenomena modern secara mendalam. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi bagian penting dalam menyumbangkan sudut pandang Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) yang lebih terbuka pada perubahan yang terjadi akibat perkembangan teknologi dan informasi
Penerapan Sadd Al-Dzari'ah Dalam Penetapan Regulasi Pemberlakuan Syariat Islam di Aceh
Authors: Safrijal Safrijal
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi syariat Islam di Aceh dengan fokus pada penerapan konsep sadd al-dzari'ah dalam regulasi. Sadd al-dzari'ah adalah prinsip hukum Islam yang bertujuan mencegah tindakan yang dapat mengarah pada pelanggaran hukum syariat. Implementasi regulasi syariat sering menimbulkan pro dan kontra di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk regulasi syariat Islam di Aceh, menganalisis implementasi sadd al-dzari'ah dalam penetapan regulasi, serta mengevaluasi efektivitasnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis empiris dengan desain deskriptif, melibatkan wawancara mendalam dengan ahli hukum Islam, ulama, pejabat pemerintah, dan masyarakat. Lokasi penelitian adalah Provinsi Aceh, yang dikenal dengan penerapan syariat Islam formal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sadd al-dzari'ah di Aceh efektif dalam mencegah pelanggaran syariat dan sejalan dengan maqashid al-syari’ah, yaitu tujuan utama hukum Islam untuk melindungi agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta. Meskipun demikian, terdapat perdebatan di masyarakat. Pendukung regulasi berargumen bahwa regulasi ini menjaga moral dan ketertiban, melindungi masyarakat dari perilaku terlarang seperti prostitusi online dan khalwat. Sebaliknya, kritik muncul dari pihak yang menilai regulasi terlalu restriktif, membatasi kebebasan individu, dan tidak fleksibel terhadap dinamika sosial modern. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun regulasi memiliki tujuan positif, implementasinya harus mempertimbangkan aspek ekonomi dan sosial secara menyeluruh. Disarankan agar dilakukan dialog intensif antara pemerintah, masyarakat, dan pelaku usaha, serta evaluasi berkala untuk memastikan dampak positif tanpa mengabaikan kepentingan masyarakat.
Perspektif Masyarakat Terhadap Pernikahan Anak Sebagai Pencegahan Terjadinya Zina
Authors: Hanapi Agustin , Fitri Sawalina
Published: December 2024

Perkawinan Anak atau juga sering disebut sebagai Pernikahan Dini, sering dikaitkan dengan mencegah terjadinya zina. Pernikahan dini sering terjadi di dalam konteks yang tidak baik, dan sering terjadi karna faktor ekonomi, faktor pendidikan dan yang paling banyak karna faktor diri sendiri, yang beralasan saling mencintai sehingga menimbulkan kejadian-kejadian yang tidak baik, contohnya seperti hamil pranikah yang mana dengan adanya kejadian tersebut pernikahan dini harus segera dilaksanakan dengan bantuan dispensasi kawin pada peradilan agama. penulisan ini hadir untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pemahaman perkawinan anak dan kaitannya terhadap pencegahan terjadinya zina, Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Di mana peniliti melakukan pengamatan, mencatat, mencari tahu, menggali sumber yang berkaitan dengan peristiwa yang sedang terjadi, Menikah tidak bisa dijadikan alasan untuk menghindari perzinahan, melainkan kesadaran individu lah yang harus di tanamkan. Meskipun menikah muda mempunyai manfaat, namun Agama Islam mengajarkan jika lebih banyak mudarat nya maka manfaat nya akan hilang dan sebaiknya pernikahan dini ini tidak dilakukan.
Problematika Ulama Aceh Atas Pembenaran Kitab Insan Kamil Karangan Abdul Karim Al Jili Oleh Abuya Amran Waly
Authors: Gunandar Jerri , Nasir M , Subhi Muhibbul
Published: December 2024

Ulama merupakan penyambung risalah Rasulullah SAW, dimana ulama dikategorikan kepada tiga komponen ilmu yaitu ulama Tauhid, Fiqih dan Tasawuf. Problematika yang terjadi di Aceh saat ini yaitu penyesatan dan kritikan dari ulama ahli fiqh maupun ulama tasawuf tentang pandangan Abuya Amran Waly yang membenarkan isi dari kitab Insanul Kamil karangan Imam Abd Karim Al-Jili yang mana Sebagian ulama besar di Aceh menyesatkan Abuya Amran Waly melalui pengajian MPPT-I. Kajian tentang konsep Insan Kamil adalah salah satu tema kajian yang penting dalam dunia tasawuf. Salah satu bukti pentingnya tema ini adalah begitu banyaknya kitab yang ditulis oleh para ulama sufi tentang makna hakikat tuhan. Dari sekian banyak ulama sufi yang mengkaji secara khusus tentang hakikat tuhan diantaranya adalah Abd al-Karim al-Jili dalam kitabnya Al-Insanul Kamil. Kajian Insan Kamil yang tercantum dalam kitabnya ini berbeda dengan kajian Insan Kamil para sufi-sufi lainnya seperti Ibn ‘Arabi dan Al-Hallaj. Meskipun Abd Karim Al-Jili bukan pengagas pertama konsep Insan Kamil, akan tetapi  konsep yang ditulisnya berbeda dengan para pendahulunya. Melalui sosok Abd Karim Al-Jili kitab Insan Kamil mempunyai kejelasan lebih komprehensif meskipun konsepnya hanyalah perombakan dari konsep Insan Kamil yang digagas pendahulunya misalnya oleh Ibnu ‘Arabi dan juga penjelasan yang amat mendalam dan jelas seputar Insan kamil yang di ajarkan oleh Abuya Amran Waly sebagai komparatif dalam penelitian ini.
Efektivitas Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pengulangan Kejahatan (Residivisme) di Indonesia
Authors: Hersyanda Mochammad Daffa , Lubis Irwan Syahputra , Ikhwan Novrizal , Septriani Devina , Haqqi Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Tingginya tingkat pengulangan kejahatan (residivisme) di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa sanksi pidana, khususnya pidana penjara, belum sepenuhnya efektif dalam mencegah pelaku mengulangi tindak pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas sanksi pidana dalam menekan angka residivisme dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengulangan tindak pidana di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan mengkaji berbagai sumber literatur, seperti data residivisme dari lembaga pemasyarakatan, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pidana penjara sering kali tidak efektif dalam memberikan efek jera, terutama karena kondisi lembaga pemasyarakatan yang penuh sesak dan kurangnya program rehabilitasi yang memadai. Alternatif seperti pidana kerja sosial dan pendekatan restoratif menunjukkan potensi yang lebih baik dalam menekan residivisme, terutama dengan fokus pada rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi sosial pelaku. Kesimpulannya, untuk mengurangi residivisme di Indonesia, diperlukan reformasi sanksi pidana dengan penekanan pada pendekatan yang lebih humanis dan mendukung rehabilitasi, sehingga mantan narapidana dapat berintegrasi kembali ke masyarakat tanpa mengulangi tindak pidana.
Sistem Pembuktian dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia dan Tantangan dalam Proses Peradilan
Authors: Rohman Rohman , Muliadi Muliadi , Pratama Farhan , Saputra Irka , Firmansyah Aidil , Marwan T , Irfandi Irfandi
Published: December 2024

Sistem pembuktian merupakan elemen penting dalam hukum pidana yang bertujuan untuk memastikan keadilan dalam proses peradilan. Dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, sistem pembuktian diatur dalam KUHAP, yang mengacu pada prinsip pembuktian minimal (minimum bewijs) dan keabsahan alat bukti. Namun, sistem ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk perkembangan teknologi yang menghadirkan bukti digital, disparitas dalam penilaian bukti oleh hakim, serta isu etika dalam pengumpulan bukti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pembuktian di Indonesia, tantangan yang dihadapi, serta solusi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan transparansinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka dengan menganalisis undang-undang, jurnal ilmiah, buku, serta laporan kasus. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi kelemahan dalam sistem pembuktian dan memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan praktik hukum yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya regulasi tentang bukti digital, ketidakkonsistenan dalam putusan, serta praktik pengumpulan bukti yang tidak etis menjadi hambatan utama dalam sistem pembuktian di Indonesia. Kesimpulannya, untuk meningkatkan efektivitas sistem pembuktian, diperlukan revisi KUHAP, pelatihan aparat penegak hukum, dan penggunaan teknologi untuk meningkatkan transparansi serta akuntabilitas. Langkah-langkah ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat integritas sistem peradilan pidana dan mewujudkan keadilan substantif.
Peranan Komite Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Negeri 3 Sipirok, Kecamatan Sipirok, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Alfian Makhdar , Hasibuan Mhd Amin , Ratonggi Ratonggi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran komite sekolah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Negeri 3 Sipirok, Kecamatan Sipirok, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beberapa kendala utama yang dihadapi oleh komite sekolah, termasuk rendahnya keaktifan anggota, kekurangan komposisi anggota yang mumpuni, dan minimnya penggalangan dana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keaktifan anggota komite dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya pemahaman mengenai peran mereka serta faktor ekonomi. Komite sekolah menghadapi tantangan dalam menjalin kerja sama efektif dengan pihak eksternal akibat komposisi anggota yang tidak optimal. Selain itu, keterbatasan dana menghambat dukungan terhadap kegiatan pendidikan, terutama untuk membayar gaji guru honorer. Upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah ini termasuk penyuluhan dan pelatihan bagi anggota komite, penyesuaian jadwal musyawarah, serta peningkatan penggalangan dana. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya partisipasi aktif anggota komite, komunikasi yang efektif dengan pihak luar, dan upaya penggalangan dana yang lebih proaktif. Dengan implementasi solusi tersebut, diharapkan mutu pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Negeri 3 Sipirok dapat meningkat dan memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan bagi seluruh warga sekolah dan masyarakat sekitarnya
Pendampingan Mualaf Belajar Metode Iqra’ dan Al-Qur’an di Meunasah Al-Bayan Ujong Kalak Meulaboh Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Herman Herman , Suandi Suandi , Ellita Dian , Mukhlizar Mukhlizar , Efendi Sumardi , Saputra Rahmat , Safira Dinda
Published: December 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendampingan mualaf belajar metode iqra’ dan al-qur’an di Meunasah Al-Bayan Ujong Kalak Meulaboh kabupaten Aceh Barat. Kegiatan pendampingan mualaf tersebut dilakukan sebagai wujud kepedulian pemerhati mulaf Aceh Barat dari kampus STAIN Teungku Dirundeng Meulaboh, dan guru di lingkungan Kementerian Agama Kabupaten  Aceh Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah metode Participatory Action Research (PAR) dengan pendekatan pendampingan secara langsung kepada para mualaf yang ada di kabupaten Aceh Barat. Hasil yang dicapai dari pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa para mualaf sudah menambah wawasan, ilmu pengetahuan, dan keterampilan dalam membaca metode iqra’, dan membaca al-qur’an secara lancar, dan benar serta sudah terbangun sikap istikamah terhadap akidah, ibadah, dan akhlak yang mulia di tengah-tengah masyarakat.
Pengolahan Limbah Plastik Deterjen Menjadi Produk dan Jasa Kreatifdi Desa Blang Geulinggang Kecamatan Sawang Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
Authors: Zulfahmi Junias , Fajriyanti Indri , Nuraini Nuraini , Rahma Anita , Juliana Juliana , Nazir Cut Intan , Sari Rosi Novita , Nur Muhammad , Bahri Saiful
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan sampah merupakan keprihatinan abadi yang selalu dihadapi oleh masyarakat, khususnya di Desa Blang Geulinggang, Kecamatan Sawang, Aceh Selatan. Mengingat kuantitasnya yang besar dan tingkat bahaya yang tinggi, sampah, khususnya sampah plastik yang mengandung bahan kimia, sulit terurai dan menimbulkan ancaman signifikan terhadap lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pengolahan sampah perlu dilakukan untuk mengubah sampah plastik menjadi kerajinan yang memiliki nilai komersial dan estetika. Program ini menggunakan survei analisis situasi serta konseling dan pelatihan untuk memanfaatkan sampah plastik secara efektif untuk keperluan kerajinan. Tujuan penerapan pengolahan sampah kemasan plastik menjadi kerajinan tangan di Desa Blang Geulinggang adalah untuk meningkatkan kreativitas dan bakat masyarakat setempat, khususnya ibu rumah tangga, pemuda pengangguran, dan anak putus sekolah. Selain itu juga dapat mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan sehingga meningkatkan kepedulian masyarakat Blang Geulinggang terhadap kebersihan lingkungan. Dengan memberikan pelatihan dan dukungan dalam pemanfaatan kembali sampah kemasan plastik secara inovatif, masyarakat setempat mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang potensi prospek bisnis yang dapat dihasilkan melalui kreativitas dan keterampilan, yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan status ekonomi penduduk Blang Geulinggang.
Application of Quality Management System in the Research Process: A Case Study for Plant Phenotyping Research
Authors: Galba Alexander , Kánská Eva , Mikeš Vojtěch , Vaněk Jiří , Jarolímek Jan
Published: December 2024

Phenomics research, driven by advancements in imaging and image processing, enables high-throughput measurements of plant traits, providing insights into growth, tissue development, and biochemical states. However, data accuracy is critical to reliable outcomes, especially in complex methods like 3D reconstruction and hyperspectral imaging. This study demonstrates the role of Quality Management Systems (QMS) in enhancing the research process in plant phenotyping. The study emphasizes the importance of a robust data quality assurance pipeline, focusing on error identification and improving data labeling processes through semi-automation. Root Cause Analysis (RCA) was employed to address discrepancies in annotated datasets and identify critical issues, such as misalignment in experimental protocols and operational errors, including the misplacement of irrigation hoses during data collection. Corrective actions, such as photo documentation and procedural revisions, significantly improved data quality. Additionally, algorithmic support streamlined the annotation process, increasing efficiency and data reliability. This integrated approach underscores the necessity of quality control in research, especially for geographically distributed teams working under variable conditions, and highlights the broader applicability of QMS in optimizing research outputs.
ELECTORAL PROCESS FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN BULGARIA: PATRON-CLIENTELISTIC RELATIONS, KINSHIP NETWORKS AND IMITATION OF DEMOCRACY
Authors: Nanov Plamen
Published: December 2024

Bulgaria is among the countries of the former communist bloc, which after its collapse are making an accelerated vertical attempt to demo- cratization and economic liberalization in order to be gradually inte- grated into the structures of the European Union. Through the method of participatory observation this article reveals the logic and specifics of the electoral process in a small municipality in Bulgaria and in par- ticular the shortcomings in the functioning of local democracy in all its aspects: election commissions, political participants, and voters’ beha- viour. The conclusions reached in the article are that on a superficial level there is only an imitation of democracy, skilfully undermined by the well-established networks of kinship and patron-clientelistic depen- dencies. Their parasitism on the public resource destroys the social fra- me and makes the process of democratization practically incomplete in an endless period of time.
PLAY AS AN EXISTENTIAL PHENOMENON
Authors: Vilić Dragana
Published: December 2024

Numerous phenomena of public and hidden play (fighting for somet- hing or presenting something) are present in all human ages, from the primordial community to the present day. Play, as dealing with imaginary illusion, is part of man’s individual and collective existence. All five existential phenomena: death, love, struggle, work and play, are encompassed by play and expressed through play (E. Fink). Play permeates all significant primordial activities of common human life (speech, myth, cult, etc.). All stimulating forces of social life (from eco- nomics to art) have their roots in the act of playing. Play elevates hu- man existence above the purely biological, vegetative one. It decorates and complements life. This points to its importance for the individual (biological function) and society (expressive power, creation of spiritu- al and social ties, expression of the ideal of living together) (J. Huizin- ga). Impulses and elements of play, which exist in and out of the world of play, determine the existence of different types of plays: competiti- ons, games of chance, disguising and plays of ecstasy. The dominance of some of these types of play in a society reflects the society - its style and values (R. Kajoa). In modern society, elements of play are increa- singly disappearing, and play is increasingly manifesting pathological conditions and tendencies of individuals and groups.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PUPILS AS DETERMINANTS OF SELF-SERVING COGNITIVE DISTORTIONS
Authors: Vrucinic Zana
Published: December 2024

Cognitive distortions are inaccurate or biased ways of interpreting or attributing meaning to experiences. Their role in the development and maintenance of psychopathology associated with internalizing and externalizing behaviors (aggression, delinquency) has proven to be very important. The aim of this study is to determine the differences in self-serving cognitive distortions measured by How I Think Questi- onnaire (HIT-Q; Barriga, Gibbs, Potter, and Liau, 2001), with regard to the gender, age, place of residence, number of children in the family and family structure, among pupils. The sample in this research was convenient and consisted of 789 pupils, 471 of which were primary school pupils and 318 were secondary school pupils from Republic of Srpska entity. The results show that boys have significantly more prono- unced all four self-serving cognitive distortions ‒ self-centered, blaming others, minimizing/mislabelling and assuming the worst as opposed to girls, who achieve lower scores in these dimensions. Older minors (16- 19 yrs of age) engage (use) more self-serving cognitive distortions in everyday functioning, unlike younger ones (13-15 yrs of age). Respo- ndents from suburbs, that is, rural areas, achieve higher scores on the dimensions of self-serving cognitive distortion ‒ assuming the worst, in contrast to their peers from the city. Children living in single-parent families score higher on the self-serving cognitive dimension ‒minimi- zation/mislabeling, unlike their peers who grow up with both parents. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
ИЗБОРНИ ПРОЦЕС ЗА ЛОКАЛНЕ ВЛАСТИ У БУГАРСКОЈ: ПОКРОВИТЕЉСКО-КЛИЈЕНТЕЛИСТИЧКИ ОДНОСИ, РОДБИНСКЕ МРЕЖЕ И ИМИТАЦИЈЕ ДЕМОКРАТИЈЕ
Authors: Нанов Пламен
Published: December 2024

Бугарска је међу земљама бившег комунистичког блока, које на- кон његовог распада убрзано покушавају вертикално демокра- тизацију и економску либерализацију, како би се постепено интегрисале у структуре Европске уније. Методом партици- пативног посматрања, овај чланак открива логику и специфич- ности изборног процеса у малој општини у Бугарској, а посебно недостатке у функционисању локалне демократије у свим ње- ним аспектима: изборне комисије, политички учесници и пона- шање бирача. Закључци, до којих се долази у чланку, су да на површном нивоу постоји само имитација демократије, вешто поткопана добро успостављеним мрежама сродничких и па- тронско-клијентелистичких зависности. Њихов паразитизам на јавном ресурсу уништава друштвени оквир и чини процес демократизације практично недовршеним у бесконачном вре- менском периоду.
The Alternative Press of Siberia in the context of the socio-political life of Russia at the beginning of the XXI century.
Authors: Savenko Elena Nal'evna
Published: December 2024

The object of the research is an alternative periodical on socio-political subjects, published in the Siberian region at the beginning of the 21st century. By alternative printing, the author means non-governmental, independent, non-commercial publications that oppose the official mass media. The subject of the research is the development trends and ideological and thematic content of the alternative political press in Siberia in the new millennium. The purpose of the work is to characterize the ideological orientation of independent periodicals published in the Siberian region in the first decades of the 21st century, to study its interaction with the socio–political situation in post-Soviet Russia and the public sentiments of Russians. The objectives of the research include the analysis of the factors that influenced the dynamics of the development of alternative publishing, the identification and analysis of the features of the political and ideological orientation of the regional alternative press, the study of the transformation of the independent periodical press.      The methodological basis of the research is the historical method, which makes it possible to study the process of publishing alternative periodicals in development and interrelation with specific historical conditions. The study used a typological method that helps systematize the characteristics of alternative periodicals, and a comparative method used to identify changes in typological characteristics. Analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction were also used. The study showed that the development of an independent political press in Siberia in the post-Soviet period was closely related to the socio-political situation. It has been established that in the new millennium, compared with the 1990s, the scale of the production of alternative political periodicals in Siberia has decreased. However, during the first decade of the 21st century. She continued to occupy a leading position in the total volume of the Siberian independent press. The diverse ideological spectrum of the alternative periodical press during this period testifies to the ongoing crisis of the all-Russian identity and the continued search for new ideological orientations. In the second decade of the 21st century, the number of opposition press decreased, due to the ousting of a number of opposition groups from the public political scene and a decrease in the political activity of Russians. Alternative political periodicals have disappeared into the general flow of independent print media and new media.
Supralinear dendritic integration in murine dendrite-targeting interneurons
Authors: Griesius Simonas , Richardson Amy , Kullmann Dimitri M
Published: December 2024

Non-linear summation of synaptic inputs to the dendrites of pyramidal neurons has been proposed to increase the computation capacity of neurons through coincidence detection, signal amplification, and additional logic operations such as XOR. Supralinear dendritic integration has been documented extensively in principal neurons, mediated by several voltage-dependent conductances. It has also been reported in parvalbumin-positive hippocampal basket cells, in dendrites innervated by feedback excitatory synapses. Whether other interneurons, which support feed-forward or feedback inhibition of principal neuron dendrites, also exhibit local non-linear integration of synaptic excitation is not known. Here we use patch-clamp electrophysiology, and 2-photon calcium imaging and glutamate uncaging, to show that supralinear dendritic integration of near-synchronous spatially clustered glutamate-receptor mediated depolarization occurs in NDNF-positive neurogliaform cells and oriens-lacunosum moleculare interneurons in the mouse hippocampus. Supralinear summation was detected via recordings of somatic depolarizations elicited by uncaging of glutamate on dendritic fragments, and, in neurogliaform cells, by concurrent imaging of dendritic calcium transients. Supralinearity was abolished by blocking NMDA receptors (NMDARs) but resisted blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels. Blocking L-type calcium channels abolished supralinear calcium signalling but only had a minor effect on voltage supralinearity. Dendritic boosting of spatially clustered synaptic signals argues for previously unappreciated computational complexity in dendrite-projecting inhibitory cells of the hippocampus.
Human Brain Ancestral Barcodes
Authors: Shibata Darryl
Published: December 2024

Dynamic CpG methylation “barcodes” were read from 15,000 to 21,000 single cells from three human male brains. To overcome sparse sequencing coverage, the barcode had ∼31,000 rapidly fluctuating X-chromosome CpG sites (fCpGs), with at least 500 covered sites per cell and at least 30 common sites between cell pairs (average of ∼48). Barcodes appear to start methylated and record mitotic ages because excitatory neurons and glial cells that emerge later in development were less methylated. Barcodes are different between most cells, with average pairwise differences (PWDs) of ∼0.5 between cells. About 10 cell pairs per million were more closely related with PWDs < 0.05. Barcodes appear to record ancestry and reconstruct trees where more related cells had similar phenotypes, albeit some pairs had phenotypic differences. Inhibitory neurons showed more evidence of tangential migration than excitatory neurons, with related cells in different cortical regions. fCpG barcodes become polymorphic during development and can distinguish between thousands of human cells.
N-acetylation of α-synuclein enhances synaptic vesicle clustering mediated by α-synuclein and lysophosphatidylcholine
Authors: Wang Chuchu , Zhao Chunyu , Xiao Hu , Qiang Jiali , Liu Zhenying , Gu Jinge , Zhang Shengnan , Li Dan , Zhang Yaoyang , Burré Jacqueline , Diao Jiajia , Liu Cong
Published: December 2024

Previously, we reported that α-synuclein (α-syn) clusters synaptic vesicles (SV) Diao et al., 2013, and neutral phospholipid lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) can mediate this clustering Lai et al., 2023. Meanwhile, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of α-syn such as acetylation and phosphorylation play important yet distinct roles in regulating α-syn conformation, membrane binding, and amyloid aggregation. However, how PTMs regulate α-syn function in presynaptic terminals remains unclear. Here, based on our previous findings, we further demonstrate that N-terminal acetylation, which occurs under physiological conditions and is irreversible in mammalian cells, significantly enhances the functional activity of α-syn in clustering SVs. Mechanistic studies reveal that this enhancement is caused by the N-acetylation-promoted insertion of α-syn’s N-terminus and increased intermolecular interactions on the LPC-containing membrane. N-acetylation in our work is shown to fine-tune the interaction between α-syn and LPC, mediating α-syn’s role in synaptic vesicle clustering.