bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Роль підліткового терапевта у підготовці оборонного потенціалу країни
Authors: Parkhomenko L.K. , Strashok L.A. , Zavelya E.M. , Isakova M.Y. , Yeshchenko A.V.
Published: November 2016

У статті наведено дані щодо морфофункціональних особливостей підліткового віку, сучасного стану здоров’я допризовної молоді в Україні. Описані функціональні обов’язки лікарів-терапевтів підліткових, специфічність роботи з підлітковим контингентом, важливість фахової підготовки спеціалістів. Особливого значення набуває проведення заходів щодо підготовки молоді до служби в армії. Підготовка допризовників до строкової військової служби є комплексною і обов’язково включає фізичне зміцнення та лікувально-оздоровчу роботу. Її метою є виявлення захворювань, лікування та оздоровлення для підвищення ступеня придатності молоді до військової служби. Сьогодні відмічаються негативні показники стану здоров’я підлітків та, зокрема, зниження придатності до військової служби. Водночас відбувається скорочення підліткової служби у ряді областей України. Забезпеченість штатними посадами підліткових терапевтів у цілому в Україні менше 50 %. Кількість зайнятих посад скорочується щорічно. Наведені дані обумовлюють важливість збереження спеціалістів з підліткової медицини у період реформування охорони здоров’я. Робота з допризовною молоддю складна, специфічна, потребує досвіду, знань і часу. На даний час керівник закладу охорони здоров’я має право змінювати штати окремих структурних підрозділів. У головних лікарів центрів первинної медико-санітарної допомоги є можливість зберегти або відновити посади лікарів-терапевтів підліткових.
До питання відведення сечі при вродженому гідронефрозі в дітей
Authors: Shevchuk D.V. , Voloshyn P.I.
Published: November 2016

Вступ. Гідронефроз у дітей — це обструкція пієлоуретрального сегмента, який, як правило, діагностується антенатально при ультразвуковому скринінгу близько в 1,5 % випадків вагітностей. Патофізіологія гідронефрозу все ще невідома. Найбільш патогенетично обґрунтованим та поширеним методом лікування вродженої обструкції пієлоуретрального сегмента (гідронефрозу) у дітей є хірургічне лікування. Як правило, використовуються відкриті методи (пластика пієлоуретрального сегмента за Хайнсом — Андерсеном та інші способи пластики). Останнім часом обговорюються ендоскопічні методи лікування. Усе частіше з’являються повідомлення про застосування роботизованого обладнання. Частота успішного застосування методики пластики пієлоуретрального сегмента за Хайнсом — Андерсеном досягає, за даними різних авторів, 95 %. Дискутабельним залишається питання дренування верхніх сечових шляхів. Вибір на користь установлення стента, як правило, залежить від хірурга, хоча аналіз літературних даних свідчить про зниження процента ускладнень після пієлопластики з використанням стентування сечоводу. Мета дослідження. Проаналізувати методи та способи відведення сечі при хірургічному лікуванні вродженого гідронефрозу в дітей. Матеріали і методи. На базі хірургічного відділення № 2 Житомирської обласної дитячої клінічної лікарні (ЖОДКЛ) за період із 2000 по 2015 р. прооперовано 108 дітей. Середній вік хворого становив 3,8 року. Хлопчиків було 38 (35,2 %), дівчаток 70 (64,8 %). У клініці за золотий стандарт прийняте виконання пластики пієлоуретрального сегмента за Хайнсом — Андерсеном. До 2006 року застосовувалось в основному зовнішнє дренування сечових шляхів при операції (переважно пієлостомія з інтубуванням сечоводу, рідше нефростомія), тоді як із 2006 року впроваджено пластику пієлоуретрального сегмента закритим способом, а із 2009 року — застосування внутрішнього стентування (JJ-стент) сечоводу. Із 2010 року впроваджено відеоасистовану пластику пієлоуретрального сегмента (лапароскопічний етап — мобілізація пієлоуретрального сегмента із подальшим накладанням анастомозу через міні-лапаротомний доступ). У 2016 р. вперше на базі ЖОДКЛ виконано лапароскопічну пластику пієлоуретрального сегмента у хлопчика 6 років. Середня тривалість операцій — 106 ± 32 хв. Висновки. Питання дренування сечовидільних шляхів після пластики пієлоуретрального сегмента в дітей з приводу вродженого гідронефрозу повинно розглядатись строго індивідуально. Дискутабельним залишається питання способу встановлення стента. При визначенні показань до хірургічного лікування вродженого гідронефрозу в дітей необхідно враховувати функцію нижніх сечових шляхів для забезпечення ефективної деривації сечі в післяопераційному періоді (наявність супутньої нервово-м’язової дисфункції сечового міхура).
Global Warming: The Juggernaut Interpretation
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: November 2016

Sincere and profound pessimism about the prospects of implementation success for the COP21 project is warranted. The setting up of the Super Fund is a necessity for avoiding collective choice and decision paradoxes like PD games, sub-optimization and second best solutions. Without massive financial assistance, there will occur widespread reneging on the COP21 objectives (Goal I-III). The system of United Nations Climate Change Conferences, i.e., the yearly conferences held in the framework of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), does not offer an organization that is up to the coordination tasks involved in halting climate change. Massive new management is required in each country to fulfill the COP21 objectives.
La Relación de Michoacán
Authors: Toussaint Manuel
Published: November 2016

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Grabados Mexicanos en Madera. Siglo XIX
Authors: Anónimo Anónimo
Published: November 2016

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Estos Anales
Authors: López Rafael
Published: November 2016

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El grabado a la manera negra. Una aportación
Authors: Alvarado Lang Carlos
Published: November 2016

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De lo "goyesco" mexicano. Apuntes de un extranjero.
Authors: Encina Juan de la
Published: November 2016

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El valor estético de los relieves mayas en el Antiguo Imperio
Authors: Toscano Salvador
Published: November 2016

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San Miguel del Milagro
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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Una casa habitación del siglo XVIII en la ciudad de México
Authors: Romero de Terreros Manuel
Published: November 2016

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Arte mexicano en Nueva York
Authors: Pach Walter
Published: November 2016

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La influencia de Strawinsky en México.
Authors: Mendoza Vicente T.
Published: November 2016

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El casamiento del piojo y la pulga.
Authors: Mendoza Vicente T.
Published: November 2016

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Cecil Crawford O'Gorman
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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Artífices de la Catedral de México
Authors: Berlin Heinrich
Published: November 2016

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Fray Andrés de San Miguel, arquitecto de la Nueva España
Authors: Toussaint Manuel
Published: November 2016

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El Sueño de la Razón produce Monstruos
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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Notas sobre tres novelas mexicanas
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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Una pintura desconocida de la Plaza Mayor de México
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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Noticias sobre arquitectura colonial
Authors: De la Maza Francisco
Published: November 2016

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Enrique A. Cervantes
Authors: Toussaint Manuel
Published: November 2016

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Dr. Luis de Soto y Sagarra, 1955
Authors: Anónimo Anónimo
Published: November 2016

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Rafael García Granados, 1893-1956
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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La canción romántica de metro endecasílabo. Antecedentes. El verso toscano
Authors: Mendoza Vicente T.
Published: November 2016

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"La Catedral de México" de Manuel Toussaint
Authors: Rojas Pedro
Published: November 2016

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Manuel Toussaint y su literatura infantil
Authors: Reyes de la Maza Luis
Published: November 2016

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Homenaje
Authors: Anónimo Anónimo
Published: November 2016

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La casa colonial popular de Toluca
Authors: Villegas Carlos
Published: November 2016

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Castillo de Teayo
Authors: Flores Guerrero Raúl
Published: November 2016

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Un biombo mexicano del siglo XVIII
Authors: Moreno Salvador
Published: November 2016

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México visto por pintores extranjeros del siglo XIX
Authors: Romero de Terreros Manuel
Published: November 2016

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El pensamiento estético de Samuel Ramos
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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Alfonso Reyes. In Memoriam
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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Libros corales en la catedral de Guadalajara
Authors: Orendáin Leopoldo I.
Published: November 2016

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XXV Aniversario del Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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El arte y la universidad
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: November 2016

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El folklore y la musicología
Authors: Díaz y de Ovando Clementina
Published: November 2016

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Artificio del arte. Estudio de algunos relieves barrocos mexicanos
Authors: Manrique Jorge Alberto
Published: November 2016

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Tecamachalco y el pintor indígena Juan Gerson
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: November 2016

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El pintor Mateo Saldaña
Authors: Romero de Terreros Manuel
Published: November 2016

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Las torres de la catedral de Guadalajara
Authors: Romero de Terreros Manuel
Published: November 2016

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Cartas barrocas desde Castilla y Andalucía, de Francisco de la Maza
Authors: Markus S. Mina
Published: November 2016

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Composiciones barrocas de dos pinturas en el Altar del Perdón
Authors: Fernández Justino
Published: November 2016

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Nuevo grabado en la obra de Pereyns
Authors: Sescosse Federico
Published: November 2016

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El espacio en la arquitectura religiosa virreinal de México
Authors: González Galván Manuel
Published: November 2016

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La estatua orante de don Manuel González de León en la iglesia parroquial de Huichapan, Hgo.
Authors: Noriega Robles Eugenio
Published: November 2016

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Notas sobre la columna abalaustrada en México
Authors: Sebastián Santiago
Published: November 2016

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Formas distintivas de la ornamentación barroca mexicana del siglo XVIII
Authors: Rojas Pedro
Published: November 2016

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Una gran pintura mural de la Real y Pontificia Universidad
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: November 2016

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La misión franciscana de San Sabás en la Provincia de Texas. Año de 1758
Authors: Romero de Terreros Manuel
Published: November 2016

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El tecpan de Tlatelolco
Authors: Flores Marini Carlos
Published: November 2016

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¿Qué ha pasado con la pintura?
Authors: Rodríguez Prampolini Ida
Published: November 2016

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El púlpito del templo de Motul
Authors: Vargaslugo Elisa
Published: November 2016

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La traza del retablo de Santa Teresa de Puebla en 1626
Authors: Castro Morales Efraín
Published: November 2016

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Otro Plagio y Otro Seudonimo del Duque de Job
Authors: Anónimo Anónimo
Published: November 2016

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Las Pinturas Perdidas de la Catedral de Mexico
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: November 2016

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Gilberto Owen. Notas y documentos de su vida y su obra
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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Los ensayos sobre iconología cristiana realizados por Francisco de la Maza a partir de los "Retablos Dorados de Nueva España"
Authors: Rojas Pedro
Published: November 2016

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Visión arquitectónica de Francisco de la Maza
Authors: González Galván Manuel
Published: November 2016

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"Curriculum vitae" y bibliografia de Francisco de la Maza
Authors: Gorráez Arcaute Luz
Published: November 2016

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Justino Fernández y José Clemente Orozco
Authors: Manrique Jorge Alberto
Published: November 2016

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Justino Fernández. Comentarios Sobre sus notas de teoría del arte
Authors: De la Fuente Beatriz
Published: November 2016

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Visión arquitectónica de Justino Fernández
Authors: González Galván Manuel
Published: November 2016

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"Curriculum Vitae" y bibliografia de Justino Fernandez, revisada y aumentada por Danilo Ongay
Authors: Gorráez Arcaute Luz
Published: November 2016

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Justino Fernández
Authors: Díaz y de Ovando Clementina
Published: November 2016

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Julio Ruelas y Félicien Rops
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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El pintor Miguel Cabrera y la influencia de Rubens
Authors: Sebastián Santiago
Published: November 2016

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Nuevos documentos sobre Gerónimo, Isidoro y Luis de Balbás
Authors: Vargaslugo Elisa
Published: November 2016

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Notas sobre la supervivencia de la Casa de Borda
Authors: Díaz y de Ovando Clementina
Published: November 2016

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Diego Rivera por Modigliani
Authors: Rojas Garcidueñas José
Published: November 2016

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Noticias sobre la construcción de la iglesia de San Francisco de México (1710-1716)
Authors: Báez Macías Eduardo
Published: November 2016

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Lo popular en la pintura de Frida Kahlo
Authors: Del Conde Teresa
Published: November 2016

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Palabras en la Inauguracion del Coloquio de Zacatecas
Authors: Manrique Jorge Alberto
Published: November 2016

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El poeta ciego de guanajuato
Authors: Reyes de la Maza Luis
Published: November 2016

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El enano en la plástica maya
Authors: Foncerrada de Molina Marta
Published: November 2016

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El oro en el barroco
Authors: González Galván Manuel
Published: November 2016

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El manierismo en Nueva España: Letras y artes
Authors: Manrique Jorge Alberto
Published: November 2016

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Evocación sensorial en la poesía de la Revista Azul
Authors: Foreman Day Dorothy
Published: November 2016

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Los primeros "yugos" veracruzanos
Authors: Scott John F.
Published: November 2016

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La vida mexicana al filo de la sátira (La Intervención Francesa y el segundo imperio.)
Authors: Díaz y de Ovando Clementina
Published: November 2016

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Orozco y sus pinturas de "Los monotes"
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: November 2016

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Carta sobre la Bienal de Sao Paulo, 1975
Authors: Díaz Marco
Published: November 2016

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Dos cuadros de Miguel Cabrera en Puerto Rico
Authors: Taylor René
Published: November 2016

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Apuntes sobre algunos problemas de la investigación del arte prehispánico de Mesoamérica
Authors: Ségota Tomac Dúrdica
Published: November 2016

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La filosofía del arte en el porfirismo (La obra de Manuel Sales Cepeda)
Authors: Cardiel Reyes Raúl
Published: November 2016

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"El destino, el trabajo y la muerte." Notas interpretativas sobre algunas obras de Maurice Maeterlinck
Authors: Del Conde Teresa
Published: November 2016

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Reflexiones sobre la aparición de nuevos programas en la arquitectura decimonónica en México
Authors: Ramírez Fausto
Published: November 2016

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Pintura mural y mitología en Teotihuacan
Authors: Heyden Doris
Published: November 2016

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Taxes, Volatility, and Resources in Canadian Provinces
Authors: Schaufele Brandon
Published: November 2016

Tax policy often breeds controversy, especially when rate changes are motivated by volatile resource sectors. This article examines how provincial tax policies respond to changes in resource revenues. Specifically, it (a) estimates the tax–resource elasticity of Canadian provinces and (b) measures the resource sector's contribution to the volatility of provincial gross domestic product (GDP). Empirical results suggest that a $1,000 decrease in per capita resource revenue leads to a 150 basis point increase in a province's marginal personal income tax rate and a 3 percent increase in excise taxes on gasoline. A variance decomposition demonstrates that resource-induced volatility accounts for 76.2, 50.8, and 42.1 percent of the variance of the first-differenced GDP of, respectively, Newfoundland and Labrador, Alberta, and Saskatchewan.
Arthur Hailey as Richard Nixon: Workplace Safety in Airport
Authors: Long Christian B.
Published: November 2016

In his best-selling 1968 novel Airport, Arthur Hailey takes psychological workplace stresses seriously, and he places white-collar workplace safety at the centre of his novel. The disaster narrative in Airport not only lands an airplane against the odds but also shows how important workplace safety is to the safe and continued functioning of the transportation system. In this way, Hailey’s novel narratively and thematically registers changes in contemporary US culture that would soon take legislative form, as when Richard Nixon signed the Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970.
Isolation of dacrocystitis causing bacteria among the patients of East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Chandra T Jaya , Satish K , Raj R Selva , Sharma YV
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Inflammation of the lacrimal sac, dacryocystitis is one of the important causes of ocular morbidity in Indian subcontinent.Objective: To isolate and identify the aerobic bacterial pathogens associated with dacryocystitis and to determine their antibacterial sensitivity pattern.Materials and methods: A total of 304 individuals were included in the study. Blocked tissue / pus was collected and microbial analysis was done.Results: Infection rate was more in the female than male, statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). The culture positivity was 91% (277/304), infection rate was maximum at the age of 40-50 years {200/204, 98% (p<0.0001)}. In culture positive cases gram positive cocci is commonly isolated. Most of gram positive bacteria are sensitive to Chloramphenicol. Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol and Ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Knowledge of the bacteriology of dacryocystitis and the susceptibility of the bacteria towards antibiotics helped the needy for proper treatment, so that time as well as money can be saved.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.399-402
Selection of Specialty and its satisfaction in Medical graduates
Authors: Tasleem Huma , Akhter Tasneem , Tasleem Samina , Ghazanfar Haider , Shamsunisa Sadia
Published: November 2016

Background: Selection of specialty in medical graduates is a challenging job. Consultants and residents are suffering from some unknown discomfort. The aim of this study was to survey the residents selection and their wish to change it and analyze the factors responsible for this wish.Methods: Cross sectional survey was done on residents of different specialty working in different hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad (Pakistan) with the help of self-made questionnaire from 2012 to 2014. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the result.Results: We gave a total of 1200 questionnaires out of which 946 questionnaires were completely filled. Out of 946 residents, 48.5% (459) were male residents whereas 51.5% (487) were female residents. Majority of residents 75.4% (713) did not want to change their specialty whereas 24.6% (233) wanted to change their specialty if they would have been provided with such opportunity. Patient Contact, Interesting Diseases and Hospital based careers were the 3 main reasons for selecting a particular specialty. Night duties, Clinical Work and heavy work load were the 3 main causes for having the desire to leave their current specialty.Conclusion: Awareness should be given to medical students during their MBBS program about the challenges they would face in different specialty. Proper sessions should be arranged to help students realize their actual interest and identify field which would suit their temperament.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.385-391
Prevalence of anorexia nervosa among adolescent girls
Authors: Umarani J , Annamalai Anand Amirthraj
Published: November 2016

Background: Girls tend to be more concerned about their physical appearance than boys during adolescent period. Adolescent girls are more likely to care for losing weight with the fear of being fat. Anorexia nervosa (AN), a form of self-starvation, is an eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image that leads to restricted eating and other behavior that prevents a person from gaining weight. It commonly occurs in teenage girls, although boys are also affected, especially in the prepubertal age group. Hence the researcher would like to assess the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among the adolescent nursing students.Objectives: 1. Determine the prevalence of anorexia nervosa among adolescent girls. 2. Find out the association between prevalence and selected demographic variables.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 100 B.Sc Nursing 1st year students at selected nursing colleges of Mangalore. The samples were selected by convenience sampling method. After obtaining informed consent and ethical clearance the data was collected by assessing the baseline proforma and Eating attitude Test.Findings: It was found that 31% of the adolescent girls were having high risk to anorexia nervosa and 69% were of no risk, whereas none of them were found consistent with anorexia nervosa. It was noted that all the 31 high risk girls were hostel residents. There was no association found between the risk of anorexia nervosa and the selected demographic variables.Conclusion: Some perceive anorexia as a simple case of vanity taken too far, but rather it is a complex psychological problem. So it is the responsibility of the teachers to create awareness among students by educating about the ill effects of anorexia nervosa which help us to prevent the incidence of anorexia nervosa and lead to healthy adolescents to the society.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.466-470
A Review of Recent Data in the Treatment of Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Naveed Shah , Qari Hasina , Altaf Asma , Para Mah
Published: November 2016

Gallbladder cancer is now considered a distinct clinical entity, allowing for a separate analysis from that of other malignancies of the biliary tree. Symptoms related to a malignant tumor of the gallbladder include jaundice and abdominal pain, or a palpable abdominal mass that occurs in a late stage of the disease. The majority of patients with operable gallbladder cancer are diagnosed by cholecystectomy performed for presumed benign disease, mostly cholelithiasis, a clinical entity known as incidental gallbladder cancer. Given the poor prognosis if tumor invasion beyond the muscular layer and/or nodal metastasis is found, adjuvant treatments have been implemented, but few data are available to guide treatment decisions in this setting. For advanced disease, a multidisciplinary treatment approach including biliary drainage procedures and palliative support is needed in the management of this aggressive disease. Palliative chemotherapy with a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin or oxaliplatin is the standard treatment based on the findings of two phase III trials that showed improved overall survival compared to single-agent chemotherapy and best supportive care. Several phase II studies have been reported investigating the role of targeted agents against EGFR, VEGF, HER2, and MEK. International collaboration to enhance our knowledge of gallbladder cancer should be encouraged.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.320-325
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Contraceptives among Saudi Women in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mubashar H , Almushait M , Sukit B , Shaamash A , Handady S , Almutawa N
Published: November 2016

Objective: The study was carried out to assess the knowledge, attitude towards, and practice of contraception and the factors that could affect its use among Saudi women in Aseer region of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional and hospital-based study was conducted in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia, during one year (January, 2014  December, 2014). Five-hundred women of reproductive age (1845 year) were interviewed regarding their knowledge, attitude and practices of contraception. The inquiries were recorded by a predesigned questionnaire. Questions on methods of contraception known and source of knowledge and their practices were recorded.Results: The mean ± SD of age was 32.7 + 7.2 years. (99.2%) of women heard and had knowledge of contraception, while (0.8%) said they did not know anything about contraception. (377 subjects, 75.4%) used contraception, while 123 subjects (24.6%) did not. Oral pill method of contraception was the most popular method known and practiced (87.0%, 32.2% respectively). The media seemed to be the major source of information (40.8%). In response to the reason for non-use, the majority said they wanted more children (10.2%). The major reason for the use of contraception was to limit family size (32.0%). The majority (79.6%) of women had good attitude towards contraception.Conclusion: The present study concludes that a significant proportion of respondents have good knowledge about contraception. But practice of contraception and compliance is low. Desire of more children is one of the major factors among reasons of the non-use of contraception.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.430-434
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi primary school students in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia 2015
Authors: Al-Dahi Ahmed Salem , Albalawi Faisal Awad , Alwani Saleh Saad Al , Balawi Moath Mohammed Al
Published: November 2016

Background: At present, obesity is considered a chronic disease which must be treated like any other medical condition, and if not treated it leads, insidiously, to the development of numerous diseases. It has an epidemic-like nature and is not only one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, Adolescence represents a sensitive period in the development of obesity, and obesity in adolescence is known to track into adulthood and be associated with several health problems. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and explore the association among the following variables: nutritional habits, physical activity, videogames, and the student perception towards obesity.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among primary school students in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia. Study population: 6th year primary school in private and public school in Tabuk city, sample size 200 school students in private and governmental schools involving male and female equally, firstly two schools for each gender were selected randomly and the whole classes of the selected schools were taken, data was collected through a self- administered validated questionnaire. Height and weight of each selected student were measured and BMI was calculated. We used WHO growth charts and definition - that based on widely different ethnic backgrounds and cultural settings.Results: 200 self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the students and collected, giving a response rate of 100%. Their age ranged between 10 and 14 Years (Mean=11.96 years) and (SD=0.5 years). 50% were male and 50% were female, 99% were Saudi, their BMI ranged between 13 and 41.33 (Mean=23.34) and (SD=5.80 years). The prevalence of overweight among primary school students in Tabuk city, according to the CDC growth chart, was 15.5% and that of obesity was 22%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among male students were 13% and 17% compared to 18% and 27% among female students; respectively, higher prevalence was shown with reduced physical activities and higher total media time. Also there was a significant association with some related perceptions like (considering obesity as an illness, availability of family obesity and trial of losing weight). Conclusion: Our study concluded that there is apparent increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary private and public schools in Tabuk city and evidence based data on considerable associated factors.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.329-334
The thiol-disulfide homeostasis and its role in the pathogenesis of the experimental alimentary obesity
Authors: Marushchak Mariya , Krynytska Inna , Mazur Lyudmyla , Yastremska Svitlana , Begosh Nina
Published: November 2016

Objective: According to WHO, about 30 % of people in the world are overweight that allows to characterize this disease as a new non-infection epidemic of the XXI century. More than 500 million people in the world are overweight and 250 million are obese. There is a clear tendency to increasing of alimentary obesity among people with different age, sex and nationality. The aim of the study is to investigate the thiol-disulfide homeostasis in liver tissue, adipose tissue and erythrocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental alimentary obesity.Materials and methods: 60 males, non-liner, white rats around 3 months of age with alimentary obesity were examined during the study. Experimental obesity was modeled by administering of sodium glutamate to the feed mixture in a ratio of 0.6:100.0 and adding high-calorie diet. The glutathione redox-system activity in erythrocytes, liver and adipose tissue were analyzed by the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GP) activity.Results and Discussion: The data indicate a decrease in GSH level within 14 days of the experiment in all investigated tissues. The same trend was observed in animals on 28th day of the experiment: GSH index decreased in blood, adipose tissue and liver (P<0.05). The index of GSSG have increased on 28th day of the experiment in all investigated tissues vs control group (P<0.05). The ratio of the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione contents was much lower vs control group in all the studied tissues within 28 days of the experiment. During additional investigation of the activity of thiol-disulfide system enzymes it was found that reducing the concentration of GSH in rats with alimentary obesity was due to the lack of thiol-disulfide system enzymes activity: GP and GR, which take part in the regeneration of GSH from GSSG.Conclusion: experimental alimentary obesity is characterized by a reduced redox state in blood, adipose and liver tissues, which is determinative in increasing the free radical reactions and accumulation of highly toxic lipoperoxides in the tissue substrates.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.419-423
Annular Elastolytic Giant Cell Granuloma - A Rare Case with Systemic Involvement
Authors: Das Suchibrata , Chowdhury Joyeeta , Patra Sangita , Achar Arun
Published: November 2016

Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous dermatosis characterized by loss of elastic fibers and elastophagocytosis by multinucleated giant cells. It is characterized by annular plaques that are similar to those observed in granuloma annulare but that specifically appear in sun-exposed skin and occurs more commonly in females than males. There have been reported cases of AEGCG associated with diabetes mellitus, systemic sarcoidosis, cutaneous amyloidosis, molluscum contagiosum, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. We report a case of AEGCG in both sun-exposed as well as covered areas of a middle aged lady with hepatic nodules and Barrets esophagus.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.488-491
Chronic fatigue syndrome  revisited
Authors: Neki NS
Published: November 2016

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a common and disabling problem; although most likely of biopsychosocial origin. The nature of the pathophysiological components remains unclear. It is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various body systems. The etiology of CFS remains unclear. Celiac disease can present with neurological symptoms in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms; therefore, celiac disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of CFS.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.326-328
Dimensional changes of hard and soft tissue after immediate implantation in comparison with conventional tooth extraction
Authors: Radvar Mehrdad , Fatemi Kazem , Abrishamchi Reihane , Moeintaghavi Amir , Mohammadzade Sara
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Immediate implantation in single-root teeth has been claimed to possess some benefits, especially bone preservation. The aim of this study was to evaluate ridge changes after immediate implantation in comparison with tooth extraction and dental socket healing.Methods and Materials: In this study, 21 patients with hopeless single-root teeth were selected. After impression and cast making, the patients were divided into test and control groups. Each group included twelve dental sockets. For all teeth the extraction was performed atraumatically. Measurements included bucco-lingual ridge dimensions at 3mm and 7mm apical to an imaginary line connecting the CEJs of the two adjacent teeth (CEJ line) as well as vertical distance between the mentioned line and bone crest at the misobuccal, midbuccal, distobuccal, mesiopalatal, midpalatal, and distopalatal aspects. In addition, soft tissue measurements similar to hard tissue ones were taken using stone casts and acrylic stents. In test group immediate implantation was carried out following extraction whereas in the control group dental sockets were left for natural healing. Four months after the operation, in both groups, the flap was reflected and measurements taken at baseline were repeated.Results: Vertical changes of soft tissues in test group were significantly less than control group at all points except in mid-buccal aspect (p=0.033 for mesiobuccal, p=0.026 for distobuccal, p=0.004 for midpalatal, p=0.002 mesiopalatal, p=0.022 for distopalatal, p=0.016 for distal, p=0.048 for mesial). Horizontal dimension change of soft tissue at 7mm apical to the CEJ line in test group, were also significantly less than control group (p= 0.051). Vertical changes of hard tissue, measured in all points, in test group were less than those of control group. These changes were significant in mid-buccal, mid-palatal, mesiopalatal and distopalatal points (p= 0.046, 0.029, 0.020 and 0.026 respectively). Horizontal changes of hard tissue at 3mm and 7mm apical to the CEJ line in test group were also less than control group. However, this was significant only at the 3mm point (p=0.028).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that immediate implantation is to some extent effective in reducing the expected vertical and horizontal bone and soft tissue changes occurring following conventional tooth extraction and natural socket healing. Further investigation is warranted to determine the optimum method of preventing these changes.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.335-342
Correlation of Lipoprotein (a) Level with Complexity of Coronary Lesion in Coronary Heart Disease Patient at RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Mahmuda Iin Novita Nurhidayati , Dinarti Lucia Kris , Taufiq Nahar
Published: November 2016

Background: In 2020 there were estimated to be 25 million deaths each year from cardiovascular disease; most of them being coronary heart disease. Traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia reported to affect only 50% of the prevalence and degree of coronary heart disease. It pushes a lot of research on non-traditional risk factors one of which is lipoprotein (a). Levels of Lp (a) also reflects the degree of severity and is associated with the number of coronary arteries involved. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of Lp (a) level with the complexity of coronary artery lesion.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were male and women patients aged between 20 to 60 years who underwent coronary angiography for theirs STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina pectoris, and stable angina pectoris. Correlation between elevated Lp (a) with the complexity of coronary artery lesion was performed by Pearson test. If the distribution was abnormal we used Spearman test.Result: Number of samples was 64 subjects (49 men and 15 women). The result showed a significant positive correlation between Lp (a) level and complexity of coronary vessel lesion that counted by SYNTAX score (p 0,004) even though the coefficient correlation is weak (r 0, 33).Conclusion: The higher Lp (a) level shows bigger SYNTAX score which means the coronary vessel lesion more complex.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.362-367
Cost Analysis of Combination Diuretic Therapy with Ace-Inhibitors to Diuretic Therapy without Ace-Inhibitors in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Pribadi Fajar Wahyu , Dwiprahasto Iwan , Thobari Jarir At
Published: November 2016

Background: Heart failure is the final stage of the entire heart disease and become a major health problem because of the high morbidity and mortality. Diuretic combination therapy with ACE inhibitors compared to diuretic therapy without ACE inhibitors will affect the costs and hospitalization for heart failure patients; so it can be used to study Pharmacoeconomics.Method and Design: This study is an analytic observational retrospective cohort study design. Researchers compared the cost analysis between groups having diuretic combination therapy with an ACE inhibitor and diuretic therapy without ACE inhibitors. Data taken with a total sampling of heart failure databases claimed prescribing health insurance PT. ASKES Persero between January 1, 2010 until December 31, 2011.Results: Out of the 377 patients of the study population, 64 patients received combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and diuretics, and 60 patients received diuretic therapy without ACE inhibitors. The analysis showed that the total cost was Rp. 4.96 million and Rp. 5.14 million; the average total inpatient days a year was 10.67 days and 7.00 days.Conclusion: This study showed that the diuretic combination therapy with an ACE inhibitor is more cost-effective. Further research is needed to assess the total costs and effectiveness of therapy with more number of subjects and longer periods.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.368-375
Drainage of Masseteric Abscess via Sublabial Approach: A Case Series
Authors: Yi Yeoh Xing , Sazly Jamal , Zakaria Zahirrudin , Choo Pua Kin
Published: November 2016

Masseteric abscesses are usually drained through the external or trans-oral approach. Both choices have their own risks and benefits. We included in our case series 3 patients whom presented with painful facial swelling and were diagnosed as masseteric abscess. We performed the sublabial approach to drain the collection. Post-operatively, they recovered well and there were no recurrences. This technique and outcome of surgery are described.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.492-494
Long-Term Plasticity in Reflex Excitability Induced by Five Weeks of Arm and Leg Cycling Training after Stroke
Authors: Klarner Taryn , Barss Trevor , Sun Yao , Kaupp Chelsea , Loadman Pamela , Zehr E.
Published: November 2016

Neural connections remain partially viable after stroke, and access to these residual connections provides a substrate for training-induced plasticity. The objective of this project was to test if reflex excitability could be modified with arm and leg (A & L) cycling training. Nineteen individuals with chronic stroke (more than six months postlesion) performed 30 min of A & L cycling training three times a week for five weeks. Changes in reflex excitability were inferred from modulation of cutaneous and stretch reflexes. A multiple baseline (three pretests) within-subject control design was used. Plasticity in reflex excitability was determined as an increase in the conditioning effect of arm cycling on soleus stretch reflex amplitude on the more affected side, by the index of modulation, and by the modulation ratio between sides for cutaneous reflexes. In general, A & L cycling training induces plasticity and modifies reflex excitability after stroke.
Liberal or Conservative? Genetic Rhetoric, Disability, and Human Species Modification
Authors: Goodey Christopher
Published: November 2016

A certain political rhetoric is implicit and sometimes explicit in the advocacy of human genetic modification (indicating here both the enhancement and the prevention of disability). The main claim is that it belongs to a liberal tradition. From a perspective supplied by the history and philosophy of science rather than by ethics, the content of that claim is examined to see if such a self-description is justified. The techniques are analyzed by which apparently liberal arguments get to be presented as “reasonable” in a juridical sense that draws on theories of law and rhetoric.
A Review on Development and Applications of Bio-Inspired Superhydrophobic Textiles
Authors: Ahmad Ishaq , Kan Chi-wai
Published: November 2016

Bio-inspired engineering has been envisioned in a wide array of applications. All living bodies on Earth, including animals and plants, have well organized functional systems developed by nature. These naturally designed functional systems inspire scientists and engineers worldwide to mimic the system for practical applications by human beings. Researchers in the academic world and industries have been trying, for hundreds of years, to demonstrate how these natural phenomena could be translated into the real world to save lives, money and time. One of the most fascinating natural phenomena is the resistance of living bodies to contamination by dust and other pollutants, thus termed as self-cleaning phenomenon. This phenomenon has been observed in many plants, animals and insects and is termed as the Lotus Effect. With advancement in research and technology, attention has been given to the exploration of the underlying mechanisms of water repellency and self-cleaning. As a result, various concepts have been developed including Young’s equation, and Wenzel and Cassie–Baxter theories. The more we unravel this process, the more we get access to its implications and applications. A similar pursuit is emphasized in this review to explain the fundamental principles, mechanisms, past experimental approaches and ongoing research in the development of bio-inspired superhydrophobic textiles.
Tuning the Emission Energy of Chemically Doped Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Noor-Ul-Ain  , Eriksson Martin , Schmidt Susann , Asghar M. , Lin Pin-Cheng , Holtz Per , Syväjärvi Mikael , Yazdi G.
Published: November 2016

Tuning the emission energy of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and understanding the reason of tunability is essential for the GOD function in optoelectronic devices. Besides material-based challenges, the way to realize chemical doping and band gap tuning also pose a serious challenge. In this study, we tuned the emission energy of GQDs by substitutional doping using chlorine, nitrogen, boron, sodium, and potassium dopants in solution form. Photoluminescence data obtained from (Cl- and N-doped) GQDs and (B-, Na-, and K-doped) GQDs, respectively exhibited red- and blue-shift with respect to the photoluminescence of the undoped GQDs. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that oxygen functional groups were attached to GQDs. We qualitatively correlate red-shift of the photoluminescence with the oxygen functional groups using literature references which demonstrates that more oxygen containing groups leads to the formation of more defect states and is the reason of observed red-shift of luminescence in GQDs. Further on, time resolved photoluminescence measurements of Cl- and N-GQDs demonstrated that Cl substitution in GQDs has effective role in radiative transition whereas in N-GQDs leads to photoluminescence (PL) quenching with non-radiative transition to ground state. Presumably oxidation or reduction processes cause a change of effective size and the bandgap.
Colostrum and Mature Human Milk of Women from London, Moscow, and Verona: Determinants of Immune Composition
Authors: Munblit Daniel , Treneva Marina , Peroni Diego , Colicino Silvia , Chow LiYan , Dissanayeke Shobana , Abrol Priya , Sheth Shreya , Pampura Alexander , Boner Attilio , Geddes Donna , Boyle Robert , Warner John
Published: November 2016

Cytokines and growth factors in colostrum and mature milk may play an important role in infant immune maturation, and may vary significantly between populations. We aimed to examine associations between environmental and maternal factors, and human milk (HM) cytokine and growth factor levels. We recruited 398 pregnant/lactating women in the United Kingdom, Russia, and Italy. Participants underwent skin prick testing, questionnaire interview, and colostrum and mature milk sampling. HM cytokine and growth factor levels were quantified by electro-chemiluminescence. We found significant geographical variation in growth factor levels, but no evidence of variation between sites in cytokine detectability. There was an inverse correlation between time of milk sampling and growth factor levels in colostrum for Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) and TGFβ1 and TGFβ3, but not TGFβ2, and levels were significantly higher in colostrum than mature milk for all growth factors. The kinetics of decline were different for each growth factor. Cytokines were present at much lower levels than growth factors, and the decline over time was less consistent. HM growth factors and cytokine levels vary between populations for unknown reasons. Levels of HM mediators decline at different rates postpartum, and these findings suggest specific biological roles for HM growth factors and cytokines in early postnatal development.
Composite Polymer Electrolytes: Nanoparticles Affect Structure and Properties
Authors: Wang Wei , Alexandridis Paschalis
Published: November 2016

Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) can significantly improve the performance in electrochemical devices such as lithium-ion batteries. This review summarizes property/performance relationships in the case where nanoparticles are introduced to polymer electrolytes. It is the aim of this review to provide a knowledge network that elucidates the role of nano-additives in the CPEs. Central to the discussion is the impact on the CPE performance of properties such as crystalline/amorphous structure, dielectric behavior, and interactions within the CPE. The amorphous domains of semi-crystalline polymer facilitate the ion transport, while an enhanced mobility of polymer chains contributes to high ionic conductivity. Dielectric properties reflect the relaxation behavior of polymer chains as an important factor in ion conduction. Further, the dielectric constant (ε) determines the capability of the polymer to dissolve salt. The atom/ion/nanoparticle interactions within CPEs suggest ways to enhance the CPE conductivity by generating more free lithium ions. Certain properties can be improved simultaneously by nanoparticle addition in order to optimize the overall performance of the electrolyte. The effects of nano-additives on thermal and mechanical properties of CPEs are also presented in order to evaluate the electrolyte competence for lithium-ion battery applications.
Experimental and Analytical Studies on the Utilization of Biowastes Available in an Educational Institution in India
Authors: Glivin Godwin , Sekhar S.
Published: November 2016

The biowastes generated in an educational institution are not stable throughout the period of a year. Therefore, analytical and experimental studies were conducted to predict the quality and the quantity of biogas produced from wastes such as cow dung, rice waste, mixed rice waste, and vegetable waste that were available in an educational institution. The study shows that the methane composition in the biogas throughout a year-long period, that includes both academic and non-academic schedules is between 52.28% and 58%, and it is suitable for any relevant application. It also could substitute 30% to 35% of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) used in the campus.