bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Energy Consumption between Electric Vehicles and Combustion Engine Vehicles in High-Altitude Urban Traffic
Authors: Puma-Benavides David Sebastian , Cevallos-Carvajal Alex Santiago , Masaquiza-Yanzapanta Angel Guillermo , Quinga-Morales Milton Israel , Moreno-Pallares Rodrigo Rigoberto , Usca-Gomez Henrry Gabriel , Murillo Fernando Alejandro
Published: August 2024

This analysis compares the energy efficiency and operational costs of combustion vehicles (Hyundai Accent 1.6 L and Chevrolet Sail 1.5 L) with the Nissan Leaf, an electric vehicle, under current fuel and electricity pricing in Ecuador. Combustion vehicles, converting gasoline into mechanical energy, demonstrate substantial energy losses, leading to higher operational costs, especially with recent gasoline price hikes to USD 2.722 per gallon. In stark contrast, the Nissan Leaf exhibits significantly greater energy efficiency, consuming only 15–20 kWh per 100 km, which translates to lower running costs (USD 11.20 to fully charge a 40 kWh battery). Despite the clear economic and environmental benefits of electric vehicles, their adoption in Ecuador is hampered by geographical challenges such as diverse terrain that can affect vehicle range and battery longevity. Moreover, the limited and uneven distribution of EV charging stations, mostly concentrated in urban areas, poses significant barriers. For broader implementation, a strategic expansion of the EV infrastructure and careful consideration of the national energy grid’s capacity to support increased electric vehicle uptake are essential. Addressing these challenges is crucial for realizing the full potential of electric vehicles in enhancing Ecuador’s sustainability and energy independence.
An Intelligent Attack Detection Framework for the Internet of Autonomous Vehicles with Imbalanced Car Hacking Data
Authors: Alshathri Samah , Sayed Amged , Hemdan Ezz El-Din
Published: August 2024

The modern Internet of Autonomous Vehicles (IoVs) has enabled the development of autonomous vehicles that can interact with each other and their surroundings, facilitating real-time data exchange and communication between vehicles, infrastructure, and the external environment. The lack of security procedures in vehicular networks and Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol leaves vehicles exposed to intrusions. One common attack type is the message injection attack, which inserts fake messages into original Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to trick them or create failures. Therefore, this paper tackles the pressing issue of cyber-attack detection in modern IoV systems, where the increasing connectivity of vehicles to the external world and each other creates a vast attack surface. The vulnerability of in-vehicle networks, particularly the CAN protocol, makes them susceptible to attacks such as message injection, which can have severe consequences. To address this, we propose an intelligent Intrusion detection system (IDS) to detect a wide range of threats utilizing machine learning techniques. However, a significant challenge lies in the inherent imbalance of car-hacking datasets, which can lead to misclassification of attack types. To overcome this, we employ various imbalanced pre-processing techniques, including NearMiss, Random over-sampling (ROS), and TomLinks, to pre-process and handle imbalanced data. Then, various Machine Learning (ML) techniques, including Logistic Regression (LR), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Naive Bayes (NB), and K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), are employed in detecting and predicting attack types on balanced data. We evaluate the performance and efficacy of these techniques using a comprehensive set of evaluation metrics, including accuracy, precision, F1_Score, and recall. This demonstrates how well the suggested IDS detects cyberattacks in external and intra-vehicle vehicular networks using unbalanced data on vehicle hacking. Using k-NN with various resampling techniques, the results show that the proposed system achieves 100% detection rates in testing on the Car-Hacking dataset in comparison with existing work, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach in protecting modern vehicle systems from advanced threats.
Performance Analysis of Multiple Energy-Storage Devices Used in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Raut Kiran , Shendge Asha , Chaudhari Jagdish , Lamba Ravita , Mallick Tapas , Roy Anurag
Published: August 2024

Considering environmental concerns, electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity over conventional internal combustion (IC) engine-based vehicles. Hybrid energy-storage systems (HESSs), comprising a combination of batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), are increasingly utilized in EVs. Such HESS-equipped EVs typically outperform standard electric vehicles. However, the effective management of power sources to meet varying power demands remains a major challenge in the hybrid electric vehicles. This study presents the development of a MATLAB Simulink model for a hybrid energy-storage system aimed at alleviating the load on batteries during periods of high power demand. Two parallel combinations are investigated: one integrating the battery with a supercapacitor and the other with a photovoltaic (PV) system. These configurations address challenges encountered in EVs, such as power fluctuations and battery longevity issues. Although batteries are commonly used in conjunction with solar PV systems for energy storage, they incur higher operating costs due to the necessity of converters. The findings suggest that the proposed supercapacitor–battery configuration reduces battery peak power consumption by up to 39%. Consequently, the supercapacitor–battery HESS emerges as a superior option, possibly prolonging battery cycle life by mitigating stress induced by fluctuating power exchanges during the charging and discharging phases.
Implementing a Compliance Monitoring Process to Promote Chlorhexidine Gluconate Bathing and Hand Hygiene: An Initiative to Decrease Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Davis Tanisha , Wittmann Susanne , Prairie Beth A. , Dugan Nancy , Reiser Patricia , Goclano Leah , Dziobak Rose
Published: August 2024

Background

Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing has proven to reduce central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the implementation of a compliance monitoring process for CHG bathing and strict hand hygiene as part of the traditional CLABSI prevention bundle will reduce the overall hospital CLABSI standardized infection ratio (SIR).

Methods

A quasi-experimental study was conducted in intensive care and non-intensive care inpatient hospital units in an urban 361-bed teaching hospital in Western Pennsylvania. The pre-intervention period consisted of January–August 2021, the intervention period consisted of September–November 2021, and the post-intervention and sustainability period consisted of December 2021–June 2022. A compliance monitoring process for the initiation of a daily bath using a 4% CHG solution and strict hand hygiene surveillance was implemented as part of the standard CLABSI prevention bundle (which includes standardized insertion checklists and processes, daily necessity assessment, dressing change and integrity standards, five moments hand hygiene standards, CHG disk [Biopatch], end caps [Curos], and care of tubing).

Outcomes

A statistically significant increase in hand hygiene (p=<0.001) and in CHG bathing compliance (p=0.014) helped reduce the overall hospital CLABSI SIR from 1.45 to 0.82, standing for an overall 43.4% decrease. Cost reduction was statistically significant (p=0.011) and was an estimated $1.4 million dollars in savings for the hospital.

Next Steps

Incorporate the compliance monitoring component for CHG bathing and hand hygiene as part of the best strategy for CLABSI bundle prevention within the healthcare system.
Challenges to quality in contemporary, hybrid general practice a multi-site longitudinal case study
Authors: Payne Rebecca , Dakin Francesca , MacIver Ellen , Swann Nadia , Pring Tabitha , Clarke Aileen , Kalin Asli , Moore Lucy , Ladds Emma , Wherton Joseph , Rybczynska-Bunt Sarah , Husain Laiba , Hemmings Nina , Wieringa Sietse , Greenhalgh Trisha
Published: August 2024

Background

Since 2022, general practice has shifted from responding to the acute challenges of COVID-19 to restoring full services using a hybrid of remote, digital, and in-person care.

Aim

To examine how quality domains are addressed in contemporary UK general practice.

Design and setting

Multi-site, mostly qualitative longitudinal case study, placed in UK national policy context.

Method

Data were collected from longitudinal ethnographic case studies of 12 general practices (2021–2023), multi-stakeholder workshops, stakeholder interviews, patient surveys, official reports, and publicly accessible patient experience data. Data were coded thematically and analysed using multiple theories of quality.

Results

Quality efforts in UK general practice occur in the context of cumulative impacts of financial austerity, loss of resilience, increasingly complex patterns of illness and need, a diverse and fragmented workforce, material and digital infrastructure that is unfit for purpose, and physically distant and asynchronous ways of working. Providing the human elements of traditional general practice (such as relationship-based care, compassion, and support) is difficult and sometimes even impossible. Systems designed to increase efficiency have introduced new forms of inefficiency and have compromised other quality domains such as accessibility, patient-centredness, and equity. Long-term condition management varies in quality. Measures to mitigate digital exclusion (such as digital navigators) are welcome but do not compensate for extremes of structural disadvantage. Many staff are stressed and demoralised.

Conclusion

Contemporary hybrid general practice features changes (digitalisation, physical distancing, extension of roles, and protocolisation) that have had the unintended effect of dehumanising, compromising, and fragmenting care. Policymakers and practices should urgently address the risks to patients and the traditional core values of general practice should be urgently addressed.
Prediction of Football Players’ Value in the Transfer Market of Well-known European Leagues based on FIFA 19 and Real-world Data
Authors: Sun Yu , Gu Kepeng
Published: August 2024

Abstract: The study delves into FIFA’s role as the global regulatory authority for football, managing the sport’s development and major events like the FIFA World Cup. FIFA’s influence extends to economic goals, impacting football clubs globally as they invest in skilled players. The market valuation of players is crucial, guiding budget allocation for transfers. Using data from the FIFA 19 video game and real-world statistics, the study employs Decision Tree Regression (DTR) and Random Forest Regression (RFR) models, addressing multicollinearity with Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). The Rhizostoma Optimization Algorithm (ROA) and Dwarf Mongoose Optimizer (DMO) optimize models. Results show RFR-based models, particularly RFRO, outperform DTR-based ones, achieving over 99% R2 value and 12% error relative to mean market values. Ensemble models RFRD and DTRD provide a reliable prediction capability of around 98%, aiding real-world decision-making in the football transfer market for club managers, coaches, and stakeholders across different leagues.
Tratamento água de abastecimento humano a partir de carvão granulado de açaí ativado quimicamente
Authors: Vieira José Sebastião Cidreira , Ano João Darlon Alves do , Melo Gabriela Ribeiro , Pereira Agustinho Rodrigues , Reis Alexandre da Costa , Carvalho Francisco Wanderson Pinto de , Carvalho Edson Mauro Viana de , Rodrigues Makson Rangel de Melo
Published: August 2024

O carvão ativado é um dos materiais mais utilizados no processo de adsorção, principalmente no tratamento de água para abastecimento humano. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir um carvão granulado ativado quimicamente a partir de caroços de açaí. A carbonização do precursor foi realizada a 700 ºC durante 30 minutos, o ácido fosfórico (H3PO4) foi empregado como agente de ativação. No decurso do tratamento de água de poço artesiano desativado o carvão apresentou elevado potencial adsortivo eliminando e/ou redimindo os inconvenientes físico e químicos aumentando significativamente a potabilidade da água destinada ao abastecimento humano  e contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos
Pirólise dos caroços do açaí para obtenção de carvão granulado ativado para tratamento de água destinada ao consumo humano
Authors: Vieira José Sebastião Cidreira , Ano João Darlon Alves do , Melo Gabriela Ribeiro , Pereira Agustinho Rodrigues , Reis Alexandre da Costa , Carvalho Francisco Wanderson Pinto de , Carvalho Edson Mauro Viana de , Rodrigues Makson Rangel de Melo
Published: August 2024

O carvão ativado é um dos materiais mais utilizados no processo de adsorção, principalmente no tratamento de água para abastecimento humano visando à remoção de interferentes físicos, químicos e bacteriológicos. Neste trabalho foram empregados caroços provenientes do despolpamento do açaí para obtenção de carvão granulado ativado quimicamente. A pirólise do precursor foi realizada a 700 ºC durante 30 minutos. O carvão granulado produzido foi ativado com ácido fosfórico e caracterizado em termos de BET, FTIR, análise química imediata, umidade e poder calorífico. A caracterização textural revelou que o material tem alta área superficial específica, δBET:14,093 cm2.g-1, uma quantidade significativa de volume de poros, VpBET:0,51 x10-3 cm-3.g-1 e diâmetro de poros, DpBJH: 5,4 nm, que o caracteriza quanto à IUPAC como mesoporoso e o torna um eficiente adsorvente de particulados. A síntese de carvão granulado ativado quimicamente com ácido fosfórico, indicou elevado potencial de aplicabilidade no tratamento de água destinada para o abastecimento humano.
Análise criminológica do encarceramento feminino pela prática do crime de tráfico de drogas
Authors: Araújo Mayara Stéffany da Silva , Silva Ivan Luiz Rufino da
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo pretende, assim como o tema proposto remete, a analisar o crime de tráfico de drogas praticado por mulheres, verificando de forma crítica os fatores condicionantes da criminalidade feminina. A pergunta de pesquisa que guia esta pesquisa é: quais fatores que condicionam o ingresso feminino na prática do crime de tráfico de drogas? A partir da indagação apresentada, fora analisado o fenômeno da criminalidade feminina no tráfico de drogas a partir de um viés crítico, buscando compreender, através dos estudos da criminologia feminista marginal e das teorias que justificam o ingresso na atividade delituosa, as principais motivações que influenciam a entrada da mulher no crime em comento. Superado o problema de pesquisa, buscou-se alternativas aptas a produção de efeitos positivos no tocante a redução do encarceramento feminino pelo tráfico de drogas, destacando que medidas desencarceradoras apresentam-se como possível solução a problemática, vez que a atual política probicionista de drogas é ineficaz.  Desta forma, para alcançar os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas e procedimentos metodológicos: i) revisão bibliográfica em obras de ciências sociais, direito penal e criminologia, quanto das autoras que se debruçam sobre as relações das mulheres com o crime a partir de um referencial teórico feminista; ii) análise de dados quantitativos e qualitativos extraídos de órgãos oficiais, atentando-se a limitação que eles apresentam, vez que existe uma grande restrição de informações.
العلاقة بين الاكتئاب والإدمان لممارسي الألعاب الإلكترونية على الإنترنت بدولة الكويت
Authors: عباس حسن عبدالله
Published: August 2024

هدف الدراسة: يرمي هذا البحث إلى دراسة قدرة تأثير نظرية الانتماء Belongingness Theory في شرح تأثير الانتماء على إدمان الألعاب الإلكترونية على الإنترنت، ومن ثم التأثير غير المباشر على حالة الاكتئاب التي تصيب المدمنين على هذه الألعاب. تصميم/منهجية/طريقة الدراسة: لقد صممنا أداة بحث خاصة لجمع البيانات. وتم تحليل البيانات ومراجعتها باستخدام مجموعة من الأدوات الإحصائية، مثل تحليل المعاملات وغيرها. عينة وبيانات الدراسة: نموذج البحث تم اختباره من خلال عينة، بلغ حجمها 526 شخصاً ممن يمارسون ألعاب الكمبيوتر على الانترنت. نتائج الدراسة: تشير نتائح الدراسة إلى أن جميع فروض الدراسة قد تم التحقق منها واختبارها؛ فقد وجدت الدراسة أن الانتماء له تأثير مهم ومؤثر على الإدمان، كما وجدت أن الإدمان هو بدوره يؤثر بصورة قوية في نوعين من أنواع الاكتئاب.أصالة الدراسة: يعد البحث من الدراسات الأولى في مجاله؛ من حيث تطبيق تأثير كثرة اللعب أونلاين على الحالة النفسية، وهذه العلاقة لم تُدرس بالشكل الكافي حيث إن جميع الدراسات السابقة -أو على الأقل أغلبها- تمحورت حول تأثير الاكتئاب على الإدمان. كذلك وجدت الدراسة أن الاكتئاب ليس شكلاً واحداً، بل متعدد وعلى أكثر من نوع. حدود وتطبيقات الدراسة: لم تتوسع الدراسة لتغطي اكثر من دولة الكويت، وهذا يجعل عينة الدراسة محدودة بالحدود الجغرافية والثقافية للمجتمع الكويتي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك هناك عوامل أخرى تؤدي دورا مهما في التأثير على طبيعة مستخدمي العاب الفيديو أونلاين. وللدراسة عدة تطبيقات عملية ونظرية؛ من التطبيقات العملية الانتباه إلى أن التأثير السلبي لكثرة اللعب أونلاين يحمل جميع الأطراف المسؤولية سواء اللاعب نفسه او الاهل والمقربون إن كان اللاعب صغير السن ولا يعلم الآثار السلبية الكبيرة المترتبة للإدمان على هذه الألعاب. كذلك من التطبيقات المهمة التفات الدولة والمشرعين في مجلس الأمة إلى هذه الآثار لإيجاد تشريعات تحمي الأطفال والبالغين منها.
The Impact Of Drone Technology In Surveying In Ireland: An Examination Of The Accuracy Level Of Drones.
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Zintiridou Eleni
Published: August 2024

Abstract The society that we are living in could unquestionably be characterised as a community of technology. One of the most recent technological inventions is the drone, of which the usage is expected to triple by 2020, worldwide. Through the development and increasing popularity of the drones, the ability of latter to affect the surveying industry in Ireland has become a contemporary subject of study in the field of surveying, which is, however, in its infant stage. The presented dissertation is dealing with the ability of drones to impact the way that surveys are being conducted in Ireland, and also the behaviour of drones in the surveying industry in Ireland. At first, based on literature review, the research focuses on examining thoroughly the different uses of drones in a variety of industries worldwide, followed by the challenges and opportunities that they face. Moreover, in this research, I will discuss the current situation of surveying in Ireland and where the drones fit into the industry as a whole. In the sequel to the literature review, the empirical analysis of the level of accuracy required in surveying using drones in Ireland is presented. The analysis of data collected across nine interviews led to significant results proving that the accuracy of drone technology is not yet where it needs to be. However, one important finding shows that although the drone accuracy cannot compete with the old traditional surveying tools, it is still a tool of preference in certain surveying projects, particularly where a high level of accuracy is not required. In such cases, drones could offer significant benefits to surveying projects. The conclusion that can be drawn from the current study has important theoretical and practical implications, while providing useful guidelines for future research.
Evaluasi Debit Dan Tekanan Udara Pada Salah Satu Exhaust Fan System Di Basement Parking Mall XX
Authors: Fauzan Azhar , Setyawan Andriyanto
Published: August 2024

Basement parking merupakan ruangan tertutup yang digunakan untuk menyimpan kendaraan bermotor seperti di Mall XX. Penggunaan exhaust fan system pada basement parking dapat membantu mempercepat sirkulasi udara dari dalam ruangan menuju ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi pada exhaust fan system yang meliputi debit udara grille, tekanan udara saluran ducting, dan kinerja fan. Keseluruhan grille pada perancangan memiliki debit udara dan ukuran yang sama yaitu sebesar 2367 CFM dan 1.150 × 535 mm serta kapasitas fan 31020 CFM. Pehitungan dan plot pada curva fan dilakukan menggunakan data hasil pengukuran pada kecepatan udara grille, kecepatan udara louver, luas penampang grille, luas penampang louver, dan dimensi ducting. Hasil perhitungan debit udara terus mengalami penurunan pada section yang semakin jauh dari fan, total debit udara hasil pengukuran 20.320 CFM sedangkan total debit udara pada perancangan 33.138 CFM artinya sistem hanya memenuhi 61% dari debit udara yang dibutuhkan. Kinerja fan 86% dari kapasitas maksimalnya, hasil plot curva fan menunjukkan tekanan total 313,6 Pa dan hasil perhitungan tekanan saluran ducting dengan memperhatikan friction loss menggunakan aplikasi duct sizer serta karta equivalent diameter menunjukkan tekanan total saluran ducting terbesar pada saluran 1 sebesar 90,84 Pa yang artinya kapasitas fan sudah mencukupi kebutuhan tekanan udara saluran ducting.
Kesiapan Sumber Daya Manusia Pendidikan dalam Difusi Inovasi Teknologi Informasi di Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Hartanto Cahya Fajar Budi , Octavianus Steaven , Paduppai Andi Mardiana
Published: August 2024

Inovasi adalah sebuah keniscayaan di semua bidang, tak terkecuali di dunia pendidikan. Lembaga pendidikan harus mampu menyesuaikan diri dan menyerap inovasi tersebut demi efektivitas dan efisiensi seluruh kegiatan di lembaga pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana kesiapan sumber daya manusia (SDM) pendidikan yaitu para pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan dalam menghadapi kemajuan teknologi informasi yang mau tidak mau harus terjadi pula pada lembaga pendidikan. Kegagalan menerima dan mengimplementasikan teknologi pada layanan dan kegiatan di lingkup pendidikan akan mengakibatkan kegagapan teknologi yang menjadikan pendidikan semakin tertinggal dari kecepatan perubahan dunia industri. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan dilakukan analisis secara kualitatif untuk kemudian disajikan secara naratif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat hambatan dalam melakukan difusi inovasi teknologi informasi di lembaga pendidikan. Kendala tersebut bisa berasal dari sarana prasarana seperti kendala teknis pada perangkat yang digunakan, maupun berasal dari sumber daya manusianya sendiri seperti latar belakang pendidik yang tidak semuanya mudah beradaptasi dengan komputer. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dengan menjalankan difusi inovasi melalui berbagai cara dengan fokus investasi pada perluasan akses teknologi di lembaga pendidikan serta peningkatan kualifikasi sumber daya manusia agar selalu siap menerima perkembangan teknologi.
Rancang Bangun Miniatur Alat Peraga Control Surface Pesawat Fixed Wing Cessna 172 Skyhawk
Authors: Darmawan Shinu Prabu Dwi Putra , Wibowo Singgih Satrio
Published: August 2024

Pesawat Cessna 172 Skyhawk merupakan pesawat kecil dengan kapasitas 4 orang, pesawat ini dapat bergerak karena adanya sistem control surface. Tujuan dari perancangan ini adalah membuat miniatur control surface pesawat Cessna yang tujuannya untuk mempermudah memahami bagaimana garak pesawat ketika mengudara dengan mengimplestasikan sistem flight control yang sebenarnya pada miniatur pesawat dengan menggunakan sistem komponen Arduino dan Potensiometer sebagai pengatur pengendalian. Untuk tercapainya pembuatan miniatur alat peraga control surface pesawat Cessna 172 Skyhawk menggunakan 2 metode yaitu metode analisis dan metode eksperimental. Metode analisis terdiri beberapa tahapan yaitu, studi literatur, pembuatan desain, dan penentuan bahan. Metode eksperimental yaitu perancangan, manufaktur, uji coba, dan pembuatan laporan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari perancangan ini adalah sebuah miniatur alat peraga control surface pesawat Cessna 172 Skyhawk perancangan ini diharapkan bisa menjadi sebuah fasilitas media belajar untuk mahasiswa dan dosen program studi Teknik Aeronautika khususnya pada matakuliah praktik sistem pesawat udara 2.
Uji Kinerja Unit Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) untuk Menurunkan Kadar Minyak dan Lemak serta Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Air Limbah Restoran
Authors: Kusumawati Endang , Chrissanty Mega Berliana , Pringgandini Regita Thory , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) merupakan suatu alat yang digunakan untuk proses pemisahan partikel yang cenderung sulit untuk diendapkan dalam air dengan bantuan gelembung udara. Salah satu sumber air limbah yang dapat diolah menggunakan proses DAF adalah air limbah restoran atau rumah makan. Air limbah restoran memiliki karakteristik minyak dan lemak sebesar 415-1.970 mg/liter dan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) sebebesar 124-1.320 mg/liter. Jika air limbah tersebut langsung dibuang tanpa dilakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu, maka akan menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran pada lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kondisi operasi terbaik proses DAF dalam menurunkan kadar minyak lemak dan TSS pada air limbah restoran dengan melakukan variasi tekanan saturasi 3, 4, dan 5 bar serta laju alir umpan 1 dan 2 liter/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tekanan 5 bar merupakan tekanan paling baik untuk rentang 3-5 bar yang menghasilkan rata-rata efisiensi penurunan kadar minyak lemak dan TSS sebesar 73,21% dan 60,78%, sedangkan pada laju alir 1 liter/menit nilainya lebih baik daripada laju alir 2 liter/menit yang menghasilkan rata-rata efisiensi penurunan kadar minyak lemak dan TSS sebesar 77,68% dan 68,79%.
Rancang Bangun Modul Penyulutan Inverter Satu Fasa Berbasis Unipolar MPWM (MULTIPLE PULSE WIDTH MODULATION)
Authors: Maulidan Usyani  , Nanang Mulyono  , Dwi Septiyanto
Published: August 2024

Energi listrik merupakan salah satu bagian kebutuhan pokok bagi kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Pemanfaatan sumber energi terbarukan merupakan upaya untuk untuk dapat menciptakan pasokan listrik yang terus menerus. Namun energi listrik dari sumber terbaharukan biasanya berupa tegangan searah (DC), Sedangkan sebagian besar peralatan rumah tangga dan industri menggunakan tegangan bolak balik (AC). Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu alat inverter yang dapat mengubah tegangan DC menjadi tegangan AC. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dengan inverter adalah ketersedian dari daya DC dan level THD. Tingkat THD dapat dipengaruhi oleh teknologi switching yang digunakan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dirancang modul penyulutan inverter satu fasa berbasis Unipolar Multiple Pulse Width Modulation. Modul penyulutan yang dibuat terdiri dari beberapa modul yang dijadikan menjadi satu. Sinyal Kotak yang dibangkitkan oleh modul osilator lalu dibandingkan dengan sinyal carrier segitiga dan segitiga pembalik sehingga menghasilkan sinyal kotak yang terbentuk berdasarkan perpotongan amplitudo antara sinyal referensi dan sinyal carrier. Sinyal kotak 1 fasa yang dihasilkan oleh modul komparator lalu dipisahkan polaritas nya menjadi siklus positif dan negative, keluaran dari pemisah polaritas ini akan digunakan untuk penyulutan inverter satu fasa. Hasil yang didapat yaitu sinyal MPWM satu fasa dengan amplitudo pada saat ON atau pada polaritas positif sebesar 10.6V dan frekuensinya sebesar 500Hz, dan pada saat OFF atau polaritas negative dengan amplitudo sebesar 11V dan frekuensinya 500.4Hz.
Rancang Bangun dan Modifikasi Miniatur Pesawat Cessna 172 Skyhawk untuk Simulasi Primary Flight Control Surface Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Dimas Syahdat Pangestu  , Teguh Wibowo
Published: August 2024

Pesawat Cessna adalah pesawat ringan yang sering digunakan sebagai media belajar teknik penerbangan dan juga pilot pemula. Salah satu hal mendasar dalam pengetahuan pesawat adalah adanya primary flight control surface atau bidang kendali penerbangan utama yang berfungsi untuk mengendalikan pesawat pada saat didarat dan juga udara. Hal yang akan dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah membuat miniatur pesawat Cessna 172 Skyhawk dengan primary flight control surface yang dapat digerakkan. Tahapan agar tercapainya penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode yang dilakukan yaitu analisis dan eksperimen. Metode analisis meliputi studi literatur dan metode eksperimental yaitu dengan melakukan perancangan, manufaktur dan pengujian komponen. Hasil akhirnya adalah terciptanya alat peraga yang dapat menjelaskan tentang bagaimana gerak dari primary flight control surface dan bagaimana posisi pesawat pada saat bidang kendali digerakkan pada miniatur pesawat cessna 172 skyhawk. Alat peraga ini juga diharapkan dapat menjadi media belajar yang bermanfaat khususnya di teknik aeronautika.
Pembuatan Pulp dan Kertas dengan Memanfaatkan Ampas Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon Nardus L)
Authors: Marlina Ari , Widiastuti Endang , Suryadi Joko
Published: August 2024

Ampas atau limbah sereh wangi merupakan limbah dari penyulingan minyak sereh wangi yang banyak mengandung serat selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Kandungan selulosa tersebut, berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan baku pembuatan pulp dan kertas. Dalam penelitian ini, ampas tersebut   dibuat pulp dan kertas   melalui proses     semi-mekanik. Mula mula dibuat pulp dengan penambahan larutan pemasak NaOH yang berbeda-beda konsentrasinya, dengan perbandingan 1:8. Proses pemasakan berlangsung pada suhu 100oC, selama 90 menit dengan perbandingan padat-cair 1:8 (b/v).  Pulp  terbaik diperoleh dengan kadar selulosa 68,7% dan kadar lignin 10,10% dalam  larutan   NaOH 20%, dimasak pada suhu 100oC selama 90 menit. Selanjutnya pulp diproses untuk  pembuatan kertas, dengan penambahan tapioka1,5%; 2%; 2,5%; 3%; 3,5%. Berdasar hasil uji karakterisasi terhadap hasil kertas, nilai tertinggi dari  ketahanan  tarik dan ketahanan sobek diperoleh sebesar 1,04 kN/m dan 781,8 N dengan gramatur 91,3 g/m2 pada penambahan tapioka 3%.
Rancang Bangun Model Pesawat CESSNA 172N Sebagai Alat Bantu Praktikum Weight and Balance: Manufaktur
Authors: Mico Rahmat Wibowo  , Syarif Hidayat
Published: August 2024

Pesawat cessna 172N merupakan jenis pesawat fixed wing yang memiliki kapasitas penumpang berjumlah 4 orang, bermesin tunggal, sayap tinggi (high wing), dan juga landing gear yang berjenis tricycle. Tujuan dari pembuatan model pesawat ini adalah untuk mempermudah praktikum weight and balance, sebelum menggunakan pesawat sungguhan sehingga pengujian weight and balance yang sebenarnya dapat di pahami oleh mahasiswa. Pembuatan pesawat model cessna 172N dengan menggunakan material komposit, komposit sendiri terdiri dari gabungan dua atau lebih lapisan yang memiliki sifat material yang berbeda. Lapisan untuk pembuatan material komposit digunakan yaitu Epoxy resin, Fiberglassdengan serat E-glass, dan dalam proses pembuatannya digunakan dua metode yaitu Hand Lay Up dan Vacuum Infusion untuk mendapatkan hasil bentuk pesawat yang sempurna dan memiliki kekuatan yang lebih baik.
Kaji Eksperimental Sistem Refrigerasi Tabung Vortex dengan Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Katup Sumbat dan Tekanan Input
Authors: Maulana Akbar , Badarudin Apip , Yuli Prasetyo Bowo
Published: August 2024

Sistem refrigerasi tabung vortex merupakan pendingin sekaligus pemanas. media pendingin tabung vortex adalah udara bertekanan. Tabung vortex tidak menggunakan refrigeran sehingga sangat ramah lingkungan, namun belum ada yang melakukan penelitian terhadap kapasitas pendinginan dan temperatur udara dingin keluaran tabung vortex mengenai pengaruh katup sumbat. Tujuan penelitian ini supaya dapat mengetahui kapasitas pendinginan dan temperatur udara dingin terhadap katup sumbat dan tekanan input. Variasi sudut katup sumbat pada penelitian ini menggunakan sudut 30˚, 60˚dan 90˚. Masing-masing sudut diuji menggunakan tekanan 1 bargauge, 2 bargauge, 3 bargauge dan 4 bargauge. Hasil dari pengujian kapasitas pendinginan dan temperatur udara dingin keluaran tabung vortex didapat bahwa variasi sudut 30˚ mampu mencapai temperatur dingin lebih rendah dan kapasitas pendinginan lebih besar dibandingkan variasi sudut yang lain.
Impact of COVID-19 on Fractal Capital Market Recursion
Authors: RAMOS-ESCAMILLA María
Published: August 2024

We present the optimization of the current prices function of the Mexican Stock Exchange index and we will focus our attention on aspects of maximizing stock market margins with limits in the bookkeeping operation. We ourselves will model the possible stochastic recursion scenarios in "n" as a fractal annihilation factor within this stock market. Finally we will obtain the expected delta of the price range and its Hamiltonian to minimize the operational risk of the capital market with the presence of COVID19 in Mexico.
May Recovered COVID-19 Patients Have Impaired Myocardial Work?
Authors: Karataş Mesut , Toprak Kenan , Keles Nursen , Parsova Kemal Emrecan , Karataş Mehmet Baran , Kahraman Erkan , Koçoğulları Cevdet Uğur
Published: August 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are sequelae in left ventricular (LV) systolic function by comparing LV function in fully recovered COVID-19 patients with pulmonary involvement and healthy controls without COVID-19 by conventional echocardiography and myocardial work.
Materials and Methods: 55 healthy volunteers and 61 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 with pulmonary in-volvement were included. Patients did not need non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation support during hospitalization. Patients were included in the study if they were asymptomatic for at least six months after recov-ery from COVID-19. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed. Demographic and clinical characteris-tics and laboratory test results were collected. Clinical characteristics, blood tests, TTE, speckle-tracking echocar-diography (STE) and myocardial work results were compared.
Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the longitudinal strain parameters of the LV among the study groups. The patient group exhibited notably reduced levels of global work index (GWI), global con-structed work (GCW), and global work efficiency (GWE). The patient group exhibited a notably elevated global wasted work (GWW).
Conclusions: The group of fully recovered asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with pulmonary involvement showed significantly lower values for GWI, GCW, and GWE, while GWW showed a significantly higher value. Myocardial work parameters may be useful in determining myocardial sequelae.
Wide Awake Local Anestesia No Tourniguet (WALANT) Tekniği ile Yapılan Ortopedik Üst Ekstremite Cerrahilerinin Klinik ve Fonksiyonel Sonuçları
Authors: Çetin Baki Volkan , Kaptan Ahmet Yiğit , Altay Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniqet (WALANT) yöntemi lokal anestezi altında turnikesiz olarak ekstremite cerrahilerinde kullanılan bir tekniktir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, üst ekstremite cerra-hilerinde WALANT tekniğinin etkinliğini ve kemik ve yumuşak doku cerrahilerinin karşılaştırmasınıkar-şılaştırmasını incelemektir.
Materyal ve metod: Mayıs 2021 ile Nisan 2023 arasında, WALANT tekniği kullanılarak üst ekstremite cerrahisi geçiren 39 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı: grup A yumuşak doku ameli-yatları ve grup B kemik doku ameliyatları. Gruplar arasında postoperatif ağrı başlangıç zamanı, ağrı skoru, intraoperatif kanama, ek solüsyon gereksinimi, koter kullanımı ve cerrahi alanındaki kanama miktarı açısından karşılaştırma yapıldı. Cerrahi işlem sırasında ağrı seviyelerini değerlendirmek için Görsel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanıldı.
Bulgular: İki grup arasında yaş, cinsiyet ve operasyon yapılan taraf açısından belirgin farklılık bulunma-dı. Her iki grup hastalarında, cerrahın değerlendirmesine göre ameliyat sırasında benzer bir kanama miktarı izlendi. Ek solüsyon ihtiyacı, koter kullanımı, ağrı başlangıç zamanı ve VAS skorları açısından gruplar arasında farklılık gözlenmedi.
Sonuç: WALANT tekniği, uygun şekilde seçilmiş hastalarda üst ekstremite kemik ve yumuşak doku operasyonlarında kullanılabilen etkili ve güvenli bir yöntemdir. Genel veya geniş bölgesel anestezi yerine lokal anestezi altında turnike olmaksızın kanamasız bir ameliyat cerrah ve hasta konforu açısın-dan etkilidir. Tekniğin uygun bir şekilde uygulanması, olası komplikasyonları önlemek açısından önemlidir.
Buddhism and an Ageing Society in Thailand as a Part of Suvarnabhumi Land
Authors: Watana Somboon
Published: August 2024

Thailand is a country in Southeast Asia that was once Suvarnabhumi land with a long history of 2600 years in parallel with the history of Buddhism here. Buddhism, the major religion in Thailand, was originally propagated by two Indian Buddhist monks named Sona and Uttara. Consequently, Buddhism has contributed to the Thai people for a long time. Obviously, in the first quarter of the 21st century, the situation of the elderly population around the world has been monitored and planned. Thailand is a country in Southeast Asia that has had an Ageing Society for more than 10 years. About 93.5% of the Thai population believe in Buddhism. According to Buddhism, elderly people are valuable because of their experience and contribution, and Buddhism always teaches gratitude. Therefore, to meet the challenge of an ageing society, appropriate age-related caregiving must be subject to accountability. In the Pāli Canon of Buddhism, there are many stories and teachings about the role and significance of elderly people along with caregiving, such as parents’ caregiving. The Buddha’s teachings have aimed to help provide human beings with physical, moral, emotional and wisdom development for the sake of their well-being. To follow the Buddha’s compassion, Buddhism in Thailand has been interpreted and applied to the well-being of ageing people.
Powder Drink of Permesia americana Mill. Seed with Adding Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var Rubrum and Stevia rebaudiana L. To Enhance Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Agustin Arum Dwi , Purwasih Ratih
Published: August 2024

In today’s modern era many people consume unhealthy foods, which can lead to decreased immunity. One way to increase immunity is by consuming functional drinks from Avocado seeds and red ginger, which is contain flavonoid compounds. This study aims to determine antioxidant activity in functional drinks of avocado seeds by adding red ginger and stevia. The method used in this research is a quantitative analysis using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer instrument at a wavelength of 418 nm for F1, F2 and F3 were brown, had a characteristic smell of spices, and had a distinctive taste. The pH test results were 6.243 ± 0.025, 6.167 ± 0.045, and 6.089 ± 0.005 respectively. The raw material and functional drinks positively contain flavonoids. Flavonoid content in F1, F2, and F3 were 12.214 ± 0.009428%, 12.419 ± 0.009428%, and 12.624 ± 0.009428% respectively. Antioxidant test results for functional drinks showed an IC50 value of F1 and F2 were 118.30 ± 1.57 ppm and 105.88 ± 1.11 ppm, which is categorized as moderate levels of antioxidants, and F3 was 88.09 ± 1.62 ppm, which is categorized as strong levels of antioxidants.
Pengaruh Kawasan Wisata Ke’te’ Kesu’ Terhadap Lingkungan Sekitarnya Di Kabupaten Toraja Utara
Authors: Lembang Lembang , Salim Agus , Rasyidi Emil Salim
Published: August 2024

Abstract. This study aims to analyze how the influence of the Ke'te' Kesu' tourist area on the surrounding environment in North Toraja Regency and what are the community empowerment strategies in supporting the development of the Ke'te' Kesu' area. This study uses a quantitative approach method with the process of collecting data through observation, documentation and questionnaire surveys where the sampling method uses purposive sampling. The data obtained is then analyzed using the chi-square analysis test and SWOT analysis. From the results of the chi-square test analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the areas that have the most influence on the environment of the Ke'te' Kesu' tourist area are the variables of attractiveness, facilities, safety and comfort. Then, from the results of the SWOT analysis, a community empowerment strategy was obtained, namely increasing the social and economic aspects of the community, involving the community in managing the potential of the ke'te' kesu' area, involving the support of the ke'te' kesu' community to make it a strategic tourist attraction and establishing good communication between the sub-district government and the North Toraja Tourism Office.
Abstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengetahui  bagaimana pengaruh kawasan wisata Ke’te’ Kesu’ terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya di Kabupaten Toraja Utara dan bagaimana strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam mendukung pengembangan kawasan Ke’te’ Kesu’.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif dengan proses pengambilan data melalui kegiatan observasi,dokumentasi dan survei kuesioner dimana penarikan sampelnya menggunakan metode purpose sampling.data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan  menggunakan uji analisis chi-square dan analisis SWOT.Dari hasil analisis uji chi-square yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kawasan yang paling  berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan kawasan wisata Ke’te’ Kesu’ adalah variabel daya tarik, sarana, keamanan dan kenyamanan. Kemudian dari hasil analisis SWOT diperoleh strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat yaitu meningkatan aspek sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat,Mengikutsertakan masyarakat dalam mengelola Potensi kawasan ke’te’ kesu’,melibatkan dukungan masyarakat ke’te’ kesu’ untuk menjadikan objek wisata yang strategis dan Menjalin komunikasi yang baik antara pemerintah kelurahan dengan dinas pariwisata toraja utara.
Aplikasi Teknologi Crispr/Cas9 Dalam Anti-Aging Medicine
Authors: Siswanto Ferbian Milas , Kartiko Bambang Hadi
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK Seiring dengan proses penuaan, kemampuan gen yang mengontrol viabilitas sel mengalami penurunan, sejalan dengan meningkatnya aktivitas gen yang menyebabkan kematiansel dan berujung pada patogenesis  penyakit. Dengan memanipulasi aktivasi dan non-aktivasi gen yang terlibat dalam proses penuaan, maka kesehatan akan meningkat dan proses penuaandapat dihambat bahkan dikembalikan. Saat ini telah ditemukan teknologi CRISPR/Cas-9 yangmemungkinkan manipulasi pada tingkat genetik. CRISPR sebenarnya merupakan bagian prosesfisiologis pada bakteri, yang merupakan salah satu sistem imunitas bakteri. Namun saat iniCRISPR telah banyak dibuktikan dan diaplikasikan untuk reprogram DNA pada sel mamaliadan dapat mengembalikan perubahan genetik yang tidak diinginkan.Kata kunci: Penuaan, CRISPR/Cas-9, anti-aging medicine, manipulasi genetik  ABSTRACTAs all living thing undergo aging, genes that maintain cellular viability and vitality are downregulated, in line with upregulated expression of genes that promote cells senescence anddisease-related pathogenesis. By manipulating the initiation and inhibition of aging-relatedgene expression, the youthful health may be systemically restored. Recently, a new technologycalled CRISPR is found to be usefull for manipulating gene and rapidly transform senescentcells to regain youthful function and structure. CRISPR is originally developed in nature by bacteria as a way to destroy the DNA of viruses which part of their immune system. A naturalversion of CRISPR has been adapted by scientists to enable the reprogramming of cellular DNAto rid cells of unfavorable genetic changes. Keyword: Aging, CRISPR/Cas-9, anti-aging medicine, genetic manipulation
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Histamin Pada Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longiceps)
Authors: Valent Febryna Aurora , Oka Adi Parwata I Made , Susanah Rita Wiwik
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK  Tanaman kelor merupakan suku Moringaceae yang telah menjadi obyek pada banyakpenelitian karena mengandung senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan senyawafenolik lain yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipotensi ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) terhadap penurunan kadar histamin padaikan lemuru (Sardinella longiceps). Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi minimum ekstrak etanol daun kelor dan penentuan kadar total flavonoid yang terdapat di dalamekstak etanol daun kelor. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol yang digunakan adalah 0%, 7%,8%, 9%, 10%, dan 15% dengan lama perendaman selama 0, 30, 60, dan 90 menit. Kadarhistamin diuji dengan alat Biofish dan hasilnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan Two WayANOVA untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang berarti sebagai respon terhadap perlakuan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dan lama perendaman memilikiperbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) dan konsentrasi minimum ekstrak yang dapat menurunkan kadar histamin adalah 8%. Kadar total flavonoid pada ekstrak etanol daun kelor yang digunakanadalah 3177,11 mg/100 g QE.Kata kunci: Sardinella longiceps, Moringa oleifera, histamin, flavonoidABSTRACT Moringa plants are Moringaceae tribes that have been the object of many studiesbecause they contain active compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and other potentially antibacterial phenolic compounds. The aim of this research is to know the potency ofmoringa leaf ethanol extract (Moringa oleifera) to decrease histamine levels in lemuru fish(Sardinella longiceps). This study also aims to determine the minimum concentration ofmoringa leaf ethanol extract and the determination of total flavonoid content c ontained inethanol extract of moringa leaf. Variations of ethanol extract concentration used were 0%, 7%,8%, 9%, 10%, and 15% with soaking time for 0, 30, 60, and 90 min. Histamine levels weretested with a Biofish tool and the results were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA to determinethe significant differences in response to the treatment. The results showed that v ariation of extract concentration and soaking time had significant difference (P<0,05) and the minimumconcentration of extract which could decrease histamine level was 8%. The total flavonoidcontent of moringa leaf  ethanol extract used was 3177.11 mg/100 g QE.Keywords: Sardinella longiceps, Moringa oleifera, histamine, flavonoids