bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Web-Based Interventions in HIV Primary Care Clinics: Pilot Implementation Evaluation of Positive Health Check (Preprint)
Authors: Harshbarger Camilla , Burrus Olivia , Zulkiewicz Brittany A , Ortiz Alexa M , Galindo Carla A , Garner Bryan R , Furberg Robert D , Lewis Megan A
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Web-based interventions can help people living with HIV achieve better clinical outcomes and behaviors, but integrating them into clinical practice remains challenging. There is a gap in understanding the feasibility of implementing these interventions in HIV clinic settings from the clinicians’ perspective.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the research was to determine whether Positive Health Check (PHC)—a Web-based, tailored video counseling tool focused on increasing patient adherence and retention in care and reducing HIV risk among HIV-positive patients—was acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for HIV primary care clinic staff to implement in clinic workflows.

METHODS

A multiple-case study design was used to evaluate the pilot implementation. Four primary care clinics located in the southeastern United States implemented PHC over a 1-month period. Nine clinic staff across the clinics participated in structured interviews before, during, and after the implementation. In total, 54 interviews were conducted. We used a framework analysis approach to code the data and identify themes related to implementation outcomes, including acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. We also analyzed patient intervention use metrics (n=104) to quantify patient intervention completion rates (n=68).

RESULTS

Overall, clinicians viewed PHC as acceptable and appropriate. Themes that emerged related to these implementation outcomes include the ability for PHC to increase provider-patient communication and its ability to engage patients due to the tailored and interactive design. While generally feasible to implement, challenges to the clinic workflow and physical environment were areas that clinics needed to manage to make PHC work in their clinics.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings from this pilot implementation suggest that clinical staff viewed PHC as acceptable and appropriate, especially as more patients used the intervention over the pilot period. Feasibility of implementation was challenging in some cases, and lessons learned from this pilot implementation can provide information for larger scale tests of the intervention that include assessment of both implementation outcomes and clinical outcomes.
Pharmacology behind Common Drug Nephrotoxicities
Authors: Perazella Mark A.
Published: April 2018

Patients are exposed to numerous prescribed and over-the-counter medications. Unfortunately, drugs remain a relatively common cause of acute and chronic kidney injury. A combination of factors including the innate nephrotoxicity of drugs, underlying patient characteristics that increase their risk for kidney injury, and the metabolism and pathway of excretion by the kidneys of the various agents administered enhance risk for drug-induced nephrotoxicity. This paper will review these clinically relevant aspects of drug-induced nephrotoxicity for the clinical nephrologist.
Utility of Electronic Medical Record Alerts to Prevent Drug Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Martin Melissa , Wilson F. Perry
Published: April 2018

Nephrotoxin-induced AKI is an iatrogenic form of AKI that can be potentially avoided or ameliorated by prompt recognition and appropriate prescriber actions. Drug-targeted alerts, either for patients at risk of AKI or patients with existing AKI, may lead to more appropriate drug dosing and management and improved clinical outcomes. However, alerts of this type are complicated to create, have a high potential for error and off-target effects, and may be difficult to evaluate. Although many studies have shown that these alerts can reduce the rate of inappropriate prescribing, few studies have examined the utility of such alerts in terms of patient benefit. In this review, we examine the current state of the literature in this area, identify key technical challenges, and suggest methods of evaluation for drug-targeted AKI alerts.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES BIOECOLÓGICAS PARA COMPREENSÃO DA MOTIVAÇÃO EM MUSCULAÇÃO – ARTIGO DE REVISÃO
Authors: Lemos Filho Joacks de Paula , Verzani Renato Henrique , Morão Kauan Galvão , Tertuliano Ivan Wallan , Sena Arthur Bernardino Domene , Machado Afonso Antonio
Published: April 2018

A motivação é fundamental em diversos contextos, como nas práticas de exercícios e atividades físicas. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi de identificar quais são os aspectos relacionados com a motivação que conduzem a prática de musculação, tendo por base a teoria bioecológica de Urie Bronfenbrenner. Assim realizou-se um estudo exploratório a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando as bases de dados Scielo e Google acadêmico, buscando trabalhos publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2016. Esta pesquisa possibilitou constatar que os motivos que foram mais citados dentre os adeptos da musculação foram a estética e a saúde. Diante desses resultados, sob a ótica da teoria bioecológica é viável considerar a musculação como microssistema, que pode sofrer influências dos macrossistemas, tais como a mídia, por exemplo. Portanto, é possível concluir que os macrossistemas exercem influência sobre os processos proximais das pessoas, interferindo no comportamento e desenvolvimento dos mesmos.
PRÁTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE EM DOMICÍLIO: A EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA COMO CENÁRIO DE INTERVENÇÕES A UM INDIVÍDUO HIPERTENSO
Authors: Dick Alana Betina , Ghiggi Andréia , Hofstetter Claudete Fátima , Silva Shaiane Ávila da , Schneider Suélen Fernanda , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da , Pissaia Luís Felipe
Published: April 2018

Este estudo possui o objetivo de verificar a instrumentalização de práticas de educação em saúde durante visitas domiciliares a um indivíduo com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica por meio de um projeto de extensão universitária. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, intervencional e com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com base em um participante do projeto “Ações Interdisciplinares de Cuidado em Saúde”, desenvolvido pela UNIVATES, que mantém suas ações junto a um bairro no município de Lajeado/RS. Na análise de informações, surgiram três linhas intervencionais, sendo a primeira sobre os hábitos alimentares na qual se verificou que participante ingere alimentos saudáveis, no entanto mantém um consumo elevando de sal na dieta. Na segunda, trabalhou-se com a prática de exercícios físicos através de alongamentos e exercícios, relatando melhoria na qualidade do sono, diminuição de dor nos membros inferiores e motivação para combater o seu sedentarismo. E na terceira linha de intervenção sobre a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, tratou buscar alternativas para organização das medicações utilizadas, com finalidade de facilitar sua adesão ao tratamento, sendo bem aceito pelo participante. Considera-se que as ações de educação em saúde realizadas junto ao indivíduo foram capazes de oferecer uma maior qualidade de vida e controle da doença.
CLASSES HOSPITALARES E A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Oliveira Adriana da Silva Ramos de
Published: April 2018

O artigo tem como tema o educador no contexto das classes hospitalares do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), especificamente no município de Campo Grande. O estudo corresponde a uma pesquisa de doutorado em desenvolvimento. O objetivo é descrever o papel do educador no ambiente hospitalar; reconhecer o trabalho docente e suas diferentes dimensões; refletir sobre a formação inicial/continuada para atuação particularmente neste espaço não escolar. A pesquisa teve como referenciais teóricos, no primeiro momento para falar sobre o papel do educador no ambiente hospitalar, as contribuições de Santos (2013); Brasil (2001, 2002); Mazzotta (1996); Assis (2009); Candau (2014); Giroux (1997); Nogueira (2012); Fischman; Diaz (2013). Já no segundo e no terceiro momento para escrever sobre o trabalho docente nas classes hospitalares e a formação continuada de professores Hypolito (2015); Alevato (2015); Gentilini; Scarlatto (2015). A metodologia utilizada para a construção do trabalho foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa de campo. Obtivemos como resultados que poucas são as referências bibliográficas publicadas sobre a temática. A história oral (relatada pelos primeiros professores) é rica e evidencia a importância desses trabalhos que já são desenvolvidos há quase vinte e três anos, em cinco hospitais diferentes. Conclui-se que a formação continuada desses educadores também deve ser prioridade para os governantes.
ANÁLISE DO USO DE MEDICAMENTOS POTENCIALMENTE INAPROPRIADOS PARA IDOSOS EM UMA DROGARIA PRIVADA DE UM MUNICÍPIO DO VALE DO TAQUARI, RS
Authors: Xavier Bruna Ribeiro , Rigo Marinês Pérsigo , Ely Martines Luísa Scheer
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: Este artigo objetiva analisar os indicadores de prescrições de uma drogaria privada de um município do Vale do Taquari, RS, quanto ao uso Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados (MPI) para idosos a partir da lista dos Critérios de Beers 2015. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo por meio da análise de prescrições de pacientes idosos atendidos em uma drogaria privada do Vale do Taquari. Resultados: Foram incluídas 41 prescrições, sendo que 30 (73,17%) são de pacientes mulheres e 11 (26,83%) de homens; a média de idade dos usuários das prescrições avaliadas foi que de 68,17 anos; a média de medicamentos prescritos por prescrição foi de 2,76 medicamentos, sendo o máximo de 8 medicamentos prescritos em uma prescrição; 3 (7,32%) prescrições haviam medicamentos com duplicidade farmacológica, sendo estes Losartana + Amilorida; 20 (48,78%) prescrições possuíam MPI para idosos prescritos, sendo que foram encontrados 7 MPI para idosos prescritos segundo os Critérios de Beers 2015; 68,3% das prescrições eram de usuários na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos; 55% das prescrições contendo MPI para idosos relacionava-se a mesma faixa etária; 26,8% das prescrições em geral e 45% das prescrições contendo MPI para idosos advinham de usuários na faixa etária entre 70 e 79 anos. Conclusão: A inclusão do profissional farmacêutico passa a ser indispensável na busca pelo uso racional dos medicamentos, responsabiliza-se pela atenção à saúde, abrangendo a totalidade da integralidade das ações de saúde.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE FORMAÇÃO DO CIDADÃO A PARTIR DE UMA ABORDAGEM DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE
Authors: Monteiro Sabrina , Pissaia Luis Felipe , Lorenzon Mateus , Oliveira Eniz Conceição , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: April 2018

Este texto apresenta apontamentos sobre Alfabetização Científica e Tecnológica (ACT) como possibilidade de formação do cidadão e uma reflexão de uma vivência de uma professora dos anos iniciais de uma escola da rede estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir de uma abordagem da educação em saúde. Nesse sentido, aborda-se diversas oportunidades de análise em relação à ACT, partindo dos pressupostos teóricos de Lorenzetti e Delizoicov (2001), Sasseron e Carvalho (2008 - 2011), Pérez Gómez (2015) e Frizon e Del Pino (2011) entre outros. Relata-se uma atividade desenvolvida a partir do assunto refrigerante, que foi apresentado na Mostra de Trabalhos da escola envolvida. Acredita-se que o ensino deve proporcionar a construção de uma cidadania para pensar, tomar decisões, propor alternativas e capaz de perceber aspectos positivos e negativos da ciência e tecnologia. Partindo dos apontamentos oriundos desse texto, percebe-se que existem diversas possibilidades de análise em relação à ACT na formação do cidadão, sendo a saúde uma delas.
A EDUCAÇÃO CONTINUADA COMO FERRAMENTA DE QUALIFICAÇÃO DA EQUIPE DE ENFERMAGEM PERANTE A AVALIAÇÃO DA DOR EM IDOSOS
Authors: Moccelin Jessica Maria , Pissaia Luís Felipe , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da , Monteiro Sabrina , Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo aborda reflexões referente a assistência ao idoso, com ênfase a prevenção da dor. Tem abordagem qualitativa, com caráter exploratório e descritivo, no qual reflete-se a partir de dados coletados do diário de campo de um pesquisador, na realização de um curso de educação continuada intitulado “Assistência de enfermagem ao idoso: implantação do quinto sinal vital em uma unidade hospitalar”. Os sujeitos envolvidos fazem parte de uma equipe de enfermagem em um hospital de médio porte do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Objetiva-se através dele, compartilhar essa experiência como subsidio de qualificação à avaliação da dor em idosos. Partindo desse pressuposto, a ênfase da abordagem teórica faz-se por meio da relevância da educação continuada na área da enfermagem, alicerçada em autores como Bezerra et al. (2012), que tratam das constantes transformações na área da gestão da enfermagem. Além disso, ressalta-se a importância da qualificação da assistência ao idoso com dor, na qual discute-se a necessidade de o profissional da enfermagem estar em constante aperfeiçoamento quanto à demanda exigida por seus clientes. Os resultados obtidos, permitiram, compreender que o curso de educação continuada como estratégia de construção de conhecimento trouxe à tona questões substanciais que ampararam discussões resolutivas concernentes à avaliação da dor em idosos. Em suma, o curso contribuiu para o aperfeiçoamento e atualização na formação dos profissionais, tomando essa construção como alicerce para efetivar e aprimorar a assistência ao individuo com dor.
Urban fishing
Authors: Anna Kholina
Published: April 2018

This exhibition displays five projects inspired by the Kokemäenjoki river in Pori and the phenomena of urban fishing. They were created during the “Situated Urban” course at Aalto ARTS, while actively exploring the river and reflecting about the stories around it. Each project looks at the river and fishing from different angles, merging physical, personal and social dimensions via artistic approaches.

Artists:
Anastasia Artemeva
Anna Kholina
Charli Clark
Petra Martinez
Jaakko Leeve
Martin Binder

Curators:
Taina Rajanti
Annette Maechtel
Editorial: Avaliação de tecnologias em saúde no Brasil – cinco anos de atuação da Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias em Saúde
Authors: Alegre Petramale Clarice
Published: April 2018

A incorporação de novas tecnologias nos sistemas de saúde constitui um dos principais determinantes do aumento do gasto em saúde. No Brasil, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) garante atenção hierarquizada universal e integral mediante políticas públicas que possibilitem o acesso da população a tratamentos comprovadamente eficazes seguros e custo-efetivos, bem como o acesso à promoção da saúde, à reabilitação e à prevenção das doenças. Inovadoras, porém dispendiosas, apenas parte das tecnologias lançadas a cada ano no mercado é útil, ou tem interesse para a saúde pública. Tampouco a organização do sistema e os recursos disponíveis no orçamento da saúde permitem que toda a inovação seja imediatamente incorporada. Para solucionar esse impasse é que foi criada a CONITEC – Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias em Saúde – que avalia e recomenda as opções tecnológicas mais pertinentes às políticas públicas de saúde a serem incorporadas pelo SUS.
Efeito agudo do indacaterol mais tiotrópio versus formoterol mais tiotrópio sobre hiperinsuflação pulmonar (Estudo EFINTH) na DPOC: protocolo de estudo para um ensaio randomizado
Authors: Ribeiro Pinto Charleston , Amorim Galvão Isabella , Assunção Costa Lindemberg , Moreira Cerqueira de Oliveira Priscila , Tupiná Alcântara de Moreira Aramis , Carlos Moreira Lemos Antônio , Martins Netto Eduardo
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Apesar da larga disponibilidade de β2-agonistas de longa ação e anticolinérgicos de longa ação, isolados ou em combinações em doses fixas, para tratamento de manutenção da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), dados de ensaios clínicos de comparação direta de diferentes esquemas de terapias duplas são escassos. O indacaterol é β2-agonista de ação ultra-longa recentemente lançado no mercado brasileiro que demonstrou reduzir significativamente a hiperinsuflação pulmonar em portadores de DPOC. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito agudo do indacaterol (150 mcg) mais tiotrópio (5 mcg) versus formoterol (12 mcg) mais tiotrópio (5 mcg) sobre a hiperinsuflação pulmonar (Estudo EFINTH) em pacientes com DPOC. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado, exploratório, aberto, fase IV, cruzado, de 2 períodos. Um total de 30 portadores de DPOC moderada a grave, sintomáticos, serão recrutados em um Ambulatório de Referência, em Salvador, Bahia. A espirometria e os volumes pulmonares serão mensurados antes e após 5, 30, 60, 120 e 240 min a administração dos esquemas de terapia dupla. O desfecho primário é o pico da capacidade inspiratória (CI). A área sobre a curva em 4 h para CI, volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e capacidade vital forçada (CVF) serão os desfechos secundários. Conclusões: Este estudo pretende explorar o efeito de dois esquemas de terapia dupla sobre a redução da CI em pacientes com DPOC e, dessa forma, fornecer dados para a concepção e implementação de estudos de eficácia em larga escala e em longo prazo.
A situação atual e o futuro da judicialização da política de assistência farmacêutica no Brasil – o papel da Farmacoeconomia
Authors: De Oliveira Santos Alethele , Jair Schulze Clenio
Published: April 2018

O Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) publica, desde 2004, um anuário denominado Justiça em Números, que contempla um diagnóstico do Poder Judiciário nacional e apresenta estatísticas relacionadas aos 90 tribunais em funcionamento no território brasileiro. O relatório Justiça em Números de 2016[1] apresenta dados até 31 de dezembro de 2015 e tem por diferencial permitir consultar, além dos indicadores habituais, os assuntos com os quais estão relacionados os processos. Interessam sobremaneira os dados relativos à denominada ‘judicialização da saúde’. São mais de 850.000 demandas judiciais, se observadas todas as categorias (serviços em saúde, fornecimento de medicamentos, tratamento médico-hospitalar, tratamento médico-hospitalar e/ou fornecimento de medicamentos, planos de saúde (direito do consumidor), planos de saúde (benefício trabalhista), doação e transplante de órgãos e tecidos, saúde mental, controle social e conselhos de saúde, hospitais e outras unidades de saúde, erro médico).
Commentary on the letter to the editor
Authors: Stefanovic Nebojsa , Danilovic-Hristic Natasa , Josimovic Bosko
Published: April 2018

Commentary on the Letter to the Editor by Ivana AVRAMOVIC and Milan VUJOVIC,
according to the article entitled ?THE SPATIAL AND URBAN PLANNING CONCERNS
RELATED TO NUCLEAR FACILITIES LOCATIONS - Case Study of the Vinca Institute
Location? by Nebojsa D. STEFANOVIC, Natasa M. DANILOVIC HRISTIC, and Bosko
D. JOSIMOVIC published in the Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection
journal: Year 2017, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 99-108
Róma vagy Bizánc? A két rítus találkozása a magyar keresztyénség első századaiban
Authors: LUKÁCS Olga
Published: April 2018

Rome or Byzantium? The Encounter of the Two Rites in the First Centuries of Hungarian Christianity.
Historical sources prove that during the pre-conquest era the Byzantine mission had several impacts on Hungarians, which continued after their settlement in Pannonia as well. There are written sources on the existence of Byzantine Christianity only from the mid-10ᵗʰ century. The Gyula called Zombor has probably also gone to Constantinople in 953, his baptism being recorded by Ioannes Scylitzes as well. He returned home together with Hierotheos, a “proselytizing bishop”, whom Patriarch Theophylact of Constantinople (933–956) named “bishop of Turkey”, thus attempting to subject Turkey to his own authority.Due to the Christianizing activity of the bishop and his monks, Slavic-derived ecclesiastical words came into the Hungarian language with the help of the interpreters.Hierotheos lived in the court of Gyula, where he baptized his daughter, Sarolt and perhaps some of the courtiers. The hopeful mission was set back by the death of the old Gyula.History links taking up Western Christianity and Hungary joining the Western Christian states to Grand Prince Geza (ca. 972–997), the son of Grad Prince Taksony, and King Saint Stephen. The inflow of Western Christianity has not meant the suppression of the Eastern rite for a long time. This is also shown by the fact that we are aware of the existence of a series of Greek monasteries in Hungary in the time of King Saint Stephen and the following period.In the 11ᵗʰ–12ᵗʰ centuries, the two types of Christianity coexisted in Hungary in peace, the effects of the 1054 schism have not been felt in these centuries.The fast decline of the Eastern rite only started in the firstrst third of the 13ᵗʰ century. One of the reasons was the formation of the Latin Empire of Constantinople in 1204, thus the Byzantine Latin Patriarchate was set up, which certainly weakened the position of the Greek Church in Hungary, and the other reason was the Fourth Council of the Lateran in 1215, which sought to place constraints on the Eastern rite.
Predigtgottesdienst und Reformation Erwägungen zur Gottesdienstpraxis der Reformationszeit
Authors: PAP Ferenc
Published: April 2018

Preaching Service and Reformation Considerations on Worship Practice of the Reformation.
This study deals with the origins, roots and theological significance of worship practice and preaching service of the Reformation. Preaching is regarded as the chief duty and the most important symbol of the Reformation. Preaching service is rooted in the Christian liturgical tradition. Preachers and priests had to teach the people the basics of Christian faith (Lord’s prayer, Ave Maria, Credo, Decalogue) in the vernacular according to the orders of Charlemagne. Preaching service had been gradually isolated from the mass (liturgy) before the Reformation. In the Upper German Region, the independent preaching service was called “Pronaus” derived from Latin “praeconium”, and from French “prône”. “Pronaus” was practiced in various ways. There were no uniformed regulations on how to perform the preaching service. Reformation originally aimed at unifying preaching service and Eucharist (celebration of Lord’s supper). This intention has failed as well as the celebration of the Lord’s supper every Sunday.
Relato de experiência: estresse ocupacional no serviço de urgência e emergência vivenciado no interior do Estado do Pará
Authors: Rodrigues Cézar Poliana , Brasileiro Marislei , Galdino de Souza Danielle
Published: April 2018

O presente relato descreve os principais fatores que contribuíram para desencadear o estresse ocupacional no profissional de enfermagem; analisar a trajetória durante o período de experiência entre junho a novembro de 2016, no interior do Estado do Pará; subsidiar propostas que ofereçam melhorias nas condições de trabalho. O método utilizado tratou-se de um relato de experiência com abordagem crítico-reflexivo de cunho descritivo-compreensivo sobre a vivência realizada no período entre junho a novembro de 2016. É essencial que haja a existência de medidas preventivas quanto ao estresse ocupacional para os profissionais da saúde, em destaque, a equipe de enfermagem que está lidando diretamente com o cuidado aos pacientes, principalmente nos setores de urgência e emergência, local que predispõe mais desgaste físico e emocional, requerendo rapidez nas ações e o exercício da atividade é mais intenso.
Concept of the Hexa-Quad Bimorph Walking Robot and the Design of its Prototype
Authors: Wojtkowiak Dominik , Talaśka Krzysztof , Malujda Ireneusz
Published: April 2018

Present-day walking robots can increasingly successfully execute locomotive as well as manipulative functions, which leads to their expansion into more and more applications. This article presents the design of a hexa-quad bimorph walking robot with the ability to move at a relatively high speed in difficult terrain. It also has manipulation capabilities both at a standstill and in motion. This feature of the robot is made possible by the ability to easily change the configuration from six-legged to four-legged by elevating the front segment of its body. Presented prototype will be used in further research to develop the hexa-quad bimorph walking robot.
A Non-Parametric Analysis of Technical Efficiency in Bulgarian Farms Using the Fadn Dataset
Authors: Galluzzo Nicola
Published: April 2018

The Bulgarian countryside has suffered a significant phenomenon of rural emigration since the early 1970s. The main consequence of rural depopulation has been a decline of investments in Bulgarian farms and in their own level of technical and economic efficiency. The aim of this research was to assess afterwards the enlargement of the European Union in 2007, the technical efficiency by a non-parametric approach such as the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), using some findings and variables investigated in the Farm Accountancy Data Network annual survey from 2007 till 2015. Farms have been stratified into functions of their typology of farming and their geographical localization. Research findings have pointed out that specialized farms as dairy farms and granivores ones have had the highest levels of technical efficiency compared to mixed farms and wine farms. To sum up, financial subsidies allocated by the Common Agricultural Policy have had a positive impact towards farmers, both increasing the technical efficiency and also in reducing the socio-economic marginalization of Bulgarian rural areas.
Interpretations of Innovation in Rural Development. The Cases of Leader Projects in Lecce (Italy) and Granada (Spain) in 2007–2013 Period
Authors: Navarro Francisco , Labianca Marilena , Cejudo Eugenio , de Rubertis Stefano , Salento Angelo , Maroto Juan Carlos , Belliggiano Angelo
Published: April 2018

In the Leader approach, innovation plays a key role in European territories, especially in marginal and peripheral ones, being essentially assumed, from a programmatic point of view, as social innovation. This paper aims to understand the interpretation and the declination of innovation in the practice of Leader initiative at local scale and analyze contextual factors related to its implementation in two southern provinces of Spain and Italy (Granada and Lecce). The study aims to analyze the projects reported as innovative by the leaders of the Local Action Groups, starting from the literature and using a key Community document entitled “Extended report on preserving the innovative character of LEADER”. Lastly, the study reveals common significant problems linked to local awareness of the role of social innovation, as well as the absence or limitations of key institutions.
Morphological and chemical variability of common oregano (Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) occurring in eastern Poland
Authors: Kosakowska Olga , Czupa Weronika
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Common oregano is an important medicinal and aromatic plant, characterized by a high morphological and chemical variability.

Objective: The aim of the work was to determine the diversity of 14 common oregano populations introduced into ex situ conditions, in respect of morphological and developmental traits as well as content and composition of essential oil in herb.

Methods: Observations and harvest of raw material were performed in the second year of plant vegetation. Morphological and developmental characters were estimated. Total content of essential oil was determined according to European Pharmacopoeia 8th. The composition of essential oil was carried out by gas chromatography.

Results: Populations differed in respect of examined traits, i.a.: plant's height from 52.13 to 88.66 cm, number of stems per plant from 45.6 to 123.3, number of internodes per stem from 4.6 to 9.2. Fresh mass of herb was at a level of 249.0–896.6 g per plant. Total content of essential oil ranged from 0.35 to 0.87%. Sabinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, p-cymene, β-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were the dominant compounds in essential oil.

Conclusions: Number of stems and fresh mass of herb differentiated examined populations at the highest degree. Most of populations were classified as a sabinyl chemotype rich in sesquiterpenes.
Antioxidant properties of Artemisia absinthium accelerate healing of experimental Achilles tendon injury in rabbits
Authors: Hoseinian Ali , Moslemi Hamid Reza , Sedaghat Reza
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Delayed tendon healing is still found to be among the complications that occur most often after tendon repair.

Objective: The role of local injection of Artemisia absinthium was evaluated in healing of experimental Achilles tendon injury in rabbits.

Methods:. In nine adult New Zealand rabbits a partial thickness tenotomy was created on both hindlimbs.

A. absinthium extract and normal saline were respectively injected daily to treatment and control groups for three days.

Results: On the day 7 after injury, the tendon sections showed that healing rate in A. absinthium treated group was higher than that in control group. Furthermore, at days 14 and 28, comparison between A. absinthium treated group and control group demonstrated that A. absinthium increased the healing rate but with no significance.

Conclusions: Results of this study have showed that application of A. absinthium extract can improve healing process of damaged Achilles tendon.
Lichens as a source of chemical compounds with anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: Studzińska-Sroka Elżbieta , Dubino Adrianna
Published: April 2018

Symptoms of inflammation accompany a number of diseases. In order to mitigate them, folk medicine has used a variety of medicinal substances, including herbs and mushrooms. Lichens are less known organisms, containing specific secondary metabolites with interesting biological properties. One of their biological actions is the anti-inflammatory activity that has been confirmed by in vitro and animal studies. It has been proven that compounds and extracts from lichens inhibit the enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. The following paper is a review of research on the little-known anti-inflammatory properties of lichens.
Coherence and phase synchrony analyses of EEG signals in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A study of functional brain connectivity
Authors: Handayani Nita , Haryanto Freddy , Khotimah Siti Nurul , Arif Idam , Taruno Warsito Purwo
Published: April 2018

This paper presents an EEG study for coherence and phase synchrony in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects. MCI is characterized by cognitive decline, which is an early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disorder with symptoms such as memory loss and cognitive impairment. EEG coherence is a statistical measure of correlation between signals from electrodes spatially separated on the scalp. The magnitude of phase synchrony is expressed in the phase locking value (PLV), a statistical measure of neuronal connectivity in the human brain. Brain signals were recorded using an Emotiv Epoc 14-channel wireless EEG at a sampling frequency of 128 Hz. In this study, we used 22 elderly subjects consisted of 10 MCI subjects and 12 healthy subjects as control group. The coherence between each electrode pair was measured for all frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha and beta). In the MCI subjects, the value of coherence and phase synchrony was generally lower than in the healthy subjects especially in the beta frequency. A decline of intrahemisphere coherence in the MCI subjects occurred in the left temporo-parietal-occipital region. The pattern of decline in MCI coherence is associated with decreased cholinergic connectivity along the path that connects the temporal, occipital, and parietal areas of the brain to the frontal area of the brain. EEG coherence and phase synchrony are able to distinguish persons who suffer AD in the early stages from healthy elderly subjects.
Optimization of Efficacy of Core Strengthening Exercise Protocols on Patients Suffering from Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Singh Shailendra Kumar , Vij Jaspreet Singh
Published: April 2018

Background and Aims:Lack of physical activity, obesity, eating habits contributes to an increase in metabolic disorders. Patients with diabetes have balance, gait, and proprioceptive impairments which hinder the activity of daily living. Therefore, the main objective of present research was to optimize and to find efficacy of the exercise protocols on gait, balance, proprioception and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients suffering from Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Material and Methods:Forty individuals with T2DM age between 35 to 60 were recruited and randomly allocated to four groups with 10 subjects per group. Core strengthening exercises were given with duration of twenty or thirty minutes per session and frequency of twice or thrice weekly for six weeks.

Results:Design Expert Software version 10.0.6 was used to analyse data Design Expert software. Further duration and frequency of exercises were compares using ful factorial design. Paired sample t test was used at significance level p<0.05 to find efficacy of core strengthening exercises. The results showed the roe of duration and frequency along with significant effect of exercises on balance, gait, proprioception and HbA1c.

Conclusion:Pilates based core strengthening exercises (PBCS) significantly improved all the parameter selected if exercise protocol was given for 30 minutes and thrice weekly for six weeks. Study has also shown impact of duration and frequency of exercises separately on these parameters.
Secondary Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome - Clinical Characteristics at Diagnosis
Authors: Căpăţînă Cristina , Baciu Ionela , Greere Daniela , Caragheorgheopol Andra , Poiană Cătălina
Published: April 2018

Background and aims. Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is a rare disease associated with severe morbidity and increased mortality if untreated. Diabetes mellitus is a frequent initial complaint of these patients. Our aim was to investigate the clinical characteristics at the time of diagnosis in a cohort of patients with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS).

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the presentation of 68 cases diagnosed with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome followed-up in our institution was performed.

Results: There were 57 women and 11 men, aged 18-74 years (mean 45.57±14.2). 38 had Cushing’s disease (CD) while 30 had adrenal CS. The most frequent signs/symptoms leading to the initial consultation and diagnostic suspicion were central obesity (55 cases, 80.88%), purple striae (28 cases, 41.1%), secondary arterial hypertension (27 cases, 39.7%), secondary diabetes mellitus (24 cases, 35.29%), hirsutism in 23/55 women (41.81%), hypogonadism in 23 cases (33.82%), proximal myopathy in 17 cases (25%), edema (10 cases, 14.7%). 13 cases (19.11%) also had secondary osteoporosis (diagnosed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry - DXA osteodensitometry). Among the two diagnostic groups there were several differences. Proximal myopathy, secondary hypertension and diabetes mellitus were all more frequent in cases with adrenal Cushing compared to those with CD. (p= 0.011, 0.006 and 0.024, respectively). This did not reflect more severe hypercortisolism in adrenal CS, as the hormonal values were similar in the two groups.

Conclusion: If associated with certain clinical signs, some nonspecific (central obesity, edema, arterial hypertension), other more suggestive of CS (purple striae, proximal myopathy) diabetes mellitus could be the initial sign of this severe condition.
The Effect of Tempeh Gembus Variations to Serum Levels of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) and Serum Levels of Fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley Rats with Aterogenic Diet
Authors: Dewi Partika Kharunia , Afifah Diana Nur , Rustanti Ninik , Sulchan Mohammad , Anjani Gemala
Published: April 2018

Background and aims:Cardiovascular diseases are widespread and causes many deaths in the world. The concentration of acute phase protein: C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen will rise dramatically when inflammation happens, which that can be used as an early marker of cardiovascular disease risk. Tempeh gembus contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids and isoflavones are believed to reduce the inflammatory reaction. The aim of the study was to determinate the effect of tempeh gembus variations to levels of hcCRP and levels of fibrinogen of Sprague Dawley rats with atherogenic diet.

Material and methods:This study was quasi-experimental with posttest only randomized control group design using 35 Sprague Dawley mice. The rats were randomized into 5 groups: negative control group given the standard diet, the positive control group given standard diet and atherogenic diet, and three treatment groups were given the standard diet, atherogenic diet and variation of tempeh gembus (tempeh gembus, heated tempeh gembus and tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme) for 28 days. Serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen examined using ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay).

Results and conclusions:The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment for hsCRP serum level indicated a significant difference (p=0.028) between the negative control group, positive control group and first group with the third group. Fibrinogen serum levels showed significant differences in all treatment groups (p =0.042), administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme is the most effective treatment is shown by a significant difference between the negative control group and the positive control group with third group. The administration of tempeh gembus with bromelain enzyme for 28 days can reduce the serum levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen on rats significantly.
Carcinogenic Substances Naturrally Occuring in the Human Diet
Authors: Mogos Viorel T. , Dondoi Carmen I. , Bajko Daiana E.
Published: April 2018

Oncogenesis is a result of the combined action of numerous factors peculiar to the body and the environment (the latter are more effective). Among dietary factors directly implied in the occurrence of malignant tumors we can mention: food additives, contaminated food, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrosamines and some components which are naturally present in food. Moreover, food-related malignancies are a consequence of the increased consumption of fats, proteins, alcohol in parallel with decreases in the consumption of dietary fibers and some micronutrients. Carcinogenic substances naturally present in food are of a particular interest for both nutritionist’s and patient’s, usually not being perceived as being harmful.
Engineering Innovators without Borders: Developing Entrepreneurial Opportunities for the Developing World through Engineering Redesign
Authors: McGarvey Kevin , Biggs Michael , Hill Jesse , Panko Michael , Bacher Nicole , Sukumaran Beena
Published: April 2018

“Engineering Innovators without Borders” seeks to establish entrepreneurship opportunities for the developing world. Through the Junior/Senior engineering clinics at Rowan University, engineering and business majors work together to develop sustainable devices and business plans. The first technology developed by this project is the human powered grain crusher. The grain crusher project aims to create a cheap and simple mechanical device to grind barley, corn, and other grain. The grain crusher utilizes human energy to crush grains quickly and efficiently. The goal is to provide technological solutions to problems in the developing world by using detailed opportunity recognition evaluations and development of prototypes. The prototypes are then turned over to the developing world for manufacture, distribution, and use. The projects are expected to provide entrepreneurial opportunities for the developing world, alleviate poverty, and improve the quality of life. The grain crusher will be adopted by the DHAN Foundation in India for manufacturing and piloting.
A Design Space and Business Strategy Exploration Tool for Infrastructure-based Ventures in Developing Communities.
Authors: Mehta Chanakya , Mehta Khanjan
Published: April 2018

Technology ventures in developing communities often fail because of disconnects between the designer, the implementer and the end-user. There is a growing trend towards curricular and extra-curricular programs and student clubs that focus on appropriate technology-based projects to address the needs of marginalized communities at the Base of the Pyramid (BOP). Finding the optimum distribution of time, money and sweat equity to be shared by the communities and partnering organizations can be pivotal in achieving long-term, sustainable impact for the communities. The E-Spot model seeks to identify the appropriate stakeholders within a venture and define their individual roles and the form of equity they might offer towards fulfilling the overarching objectives of the venture, while meeting their own needs. This model is the basis for the E-Spot canvas, a design space and business strategy exploration tool. The canvas facilitates group-thinking amongst stakeholders to match project resource requirements with time, money sweat and other equities that can be expended by them to sustain their project socially, economically and environmentally.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in children with kidney stone disease
Authors: Subaşı Berivan , Gökçe İbrahim , Delil Kenan , Alpay Harika
Published: April 2018

Kidney stone disease has a multifactorial etiology involving the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. There is an increased risk of stone formation in the relatives of idiopathic stone patients, which can be explained up to 60% by genetic factors. This study was conducted to explore the association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with the risk of urolithiasis (UL) in Turkish children. We investigated the VDR gene polymorphisms: ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, FokI, in 52 children (26 boys, 26 girls) with UL and in 51 healthy children (22 boys, 29 girls) without UL. Apa I, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, FokI genotypes were analyzed by Apa I, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, FokI restriction enzyme digestion, respectively. The resulting alleles are designated as ABTCF (ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, and FokI restriction site is absent), or abtcf (ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, FokI restriction site is present), respectively. Genotype and allele frequencies were calculated, and the association with UL, hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia was investigated. Our data provide no statistically significant evidence for an association between UL and VDR ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, and FokI genotype and allele frequencies. Patients with hypocitraturia and hypercalciuria were compared with the control group and no statistically significant difference was detected in terms of VDR gene ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, and FokI polymorphisms and allele frequencies. Our data suggest that the VDR ApaI, BsmI, TagI, Cdx2, and FokI polymorphisms do not indicate a significant risk for UL.
Risks associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Authors: Nguefack Félicitée , Ndombo Paul Koki , Ngoh Rose , Fru Florence Soh , Kinkela Mina Ntoto , Chiabi Andreas
Published: April 2018

Early infant diagnosis (EID) permits the detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in exposed children from 4-6 weeks by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The aim of this study was to assess some maternal and infant characteristics associated with HIV infected children in an EID program. A retrospective study was performed using records of HIV exposed children enrolled in the EID program from 2009 to 2013. Patients recruited were from various health structures and at different clinical stages; some for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) follow up, others with signs of HIV infection. Data was collected from completed hospital records of children aged 6 weeks to 18 months containing at least two PCR, one PCR and one serologic test, or one PCR test and viral load. HIV infection was considered if one of the of tests was positive. In all, 130 (5.3%) exposed children with only one positive PCR test, and 1,442 (59%) others with information lacking in their record were excluded. A total 107 out of 871 infants enrolled (12.2%) were infected. Only, 32.7% of the mothers were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Of these, 53.3% had their first PCR performed between 6 weeks and 6 months. Children were less likely to be HIV infected when their mothers received antiretroviral (ARV) (OR=0.15, 95% CI 0.07-0.30, P=0.000). Factors associated with HIV infection in the children were the lack of ARV prophylaxis (OR=2.07, 95%CI 1.05-4.09, P=0.035) and having mixed feeding (OR=3.91, 95% CI 1.66-9.24, P=0.002) in multivariate analysis. The high rate of infection associated with the maternal and infant correlates of HIV infected children would result from the poor implementation of the PMTCT. Systematic screening of pregnant and breastfeeding women should be reinforced and the lifelong ARVs for PMTCT (Option B+) be promoted.
Identification of two novel PNPLA1 mutations in Turkish families with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis
Authors: Dökmeci-Emre Serap , Taşkıran Zihni Ekim , Yüzbaşıoğlu Ayşe , Önal Gizem , Akarsu Ayşe Nurten , Karaduman Ayşen , Özgüç Meral
Published: April 2018

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a group of inherited keratinization disorders that are characterized by abnormal epidermal keratinization. ARCI patients generally represent serious symptoms including collodion baby phenotype accompanied by dehydration, heat loss, electrolytic imbalance, and sepsis. ARCI shows high degree of clinical and genetic heterogeneity. To date, nine genes were shown to be responsible for ARCI phenotype. One of these genes, patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein-1 (PNPLA1) was suggested to be involved in the synthesis of ω-O-acylceramides related to epidermal cornified lipid envelope organization. In addition to previously reported PNPLA1 mutations, we report two novel PNPLA1 mutations including one novel missense mutation c.335C > A (p.Ser112Tyr) and one novel deletion mutation c.733_735delTAC (p.Tyr245del) in Turkish ARCI patients from unrelated consanguineous families. We also report previously reported missense mutation c.514G > A (p.Asp172Asn) in Turkish ARCI patients. Novel PNPLA1 mutations were shown to be located in the catalytic patatin domain of PNPLA1 gene. Identification of novel mutations in PNPLA1 gene expands the mutational spectrum in the causative gene. Increase in the total number of cases has high diagnostic value in terms of genotype-phenotype correlation in ARCI patients.
ARC syndrome
Authors: Mutlu Mehmet , Aslan Yakup , Aktürk-Acar Filiz , Çakır Murat , Erduran Erol , Kalyoncu Mukaddes
Published: April 2018

Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by arthrogryposis, renal tubular dysfunction and neonatal cholestasis with low gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Most of the mutations in ARC syndrome are associated with the vacuolar protein sorting 33B (VPS33B) gene on chromosome 15q26.1. Herein, we report a female newborn with ARC syndrome caused by homozygous mutations in VPS33B [IVS1-2A > C (c.97-2A > C)].