bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores que influyen en las actitudes cívicas de docentes en formación desarrolladas a través del aprendizaje-servicio. Un estudio en el área de expresión corporal
Authors: Maravé-Vivas María , Gil-Gómez Jesús , Chiva-Bartoll Óscar
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCCIÓN. La elección de la metodología de enseñanza es una decisión muy importante, ya que determinará en gran medida el logro de los objetivos de aprendizaje. La literatura sugiere que el aprendizaje-servicio es una metodología adecuada para promover efectos en el aprendizaje personal, moral, social y cívico del estudiantado. Sin embargo, hay poca investigación que explique cómo ciertos factores sociodemográficos podrían influir en ellos. Este artículo tiene dos objetivos principales: 1) mostrar el potencial del aprendizaje-servicio como una metodología adecuada para desarrollar actitudes cívicas y 2) proporcionar datos empíricos para facilitar la toma de decisiones metodológicas del equipo docente. MÉTODO. Utilizamos un método cuantitativo con un diseño pre-experimental basado en medidas pretest y postest. Se aplicó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. En el estudio participaron 98 estudiantes (n= 98) del Grado de Maestro o Maestra en Educación Infantil. En particular, medimos los efectos de un programa de aprendizaje-servicio a través del Cuestionario de Actitudes y Habilidades Cívicas y, posteriormente, analizamos cómo ciertas variables demográficas, tales como la edad de los y las participantes, la forma de acceso al grado, los antecedentes académicos familiares, la participación social previa, la orientación ideológica y la situación laboral, influyeron en ellos. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que estas variables podrían influir significativamente en los efectos causados por el programa de aprendizaje-servicio con respecto al desarrollo de habilidades y actitudes cívicas. DISCUSIÓN. La interpretación y el contraste de los resultados obtenidos proporcionan elementos de decisión a los docentes cuando tienen que optar por la incorporación de esta metodología.
Pedagogies and civic programs to develop competencies for democratic culture and civic learning outcomes
Authors: Bringle Robert G. , Brown Lorrie A. , Hahn Thomas W. , Studer Morgan
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION. Service learning is a pedagogy that can achieve civic competences for learners to participate effectively in culturally diverse democratic societies.  METHODOLOGY.  A qualitative analysis of research evidence is examined for why service learning provides the optimal pedagogy for achieving democratic competences and civic learning.  Civic-mindedness provides a set of common civic learning objectives that can guide both curricular service learning courses and co-curricular civic programs at multiple levels (course, department, school, campus, multicampus). RESULTS.  Past meta-analyses are consistent in establishing service learning as an effective means for enhancing civic learning outcomes.  Research on Civic-Minded Graduate and Civic-Minded Professional demonstrates their usefulness to provide an integrative framework for civic learning outcomes that can guide the design, implementation, and assessment of both curricular service learning courses and co-curricular civic programs at multiple levels (course, department, school, campus, multicampus).  DISCUSSION.  Institutions of higher learning can accept the challenge to enhance civic learning through service learning, co-curricular programs focused on civic outcomes, and other effective, high-impact pedagogies to enhance long-term habits of community engagement that contribute to the public good.  A key component of developing civic learning, in addition to high quality course design, is providing opportunities for dialogue and collaboration with diverse others.
Narrowband angle filter
Authors: Southwell William H.
Published: November 2019

Narrowband pass filters are generally poor as narrowband angle filters. A tilted narrowband pass filter, however, is an improved narrowband angle filter, but only for rays in one plane of incidence. It is shown that a combination of two tilted narrowband pass filters will select light from all narrow angle patches in an incident cone. Furthermore, a design is presented for a narrow-angle filter for three wavelengths, enabling transmission of tristimulus color gamut images, while rejecting out-of-band sources and off-angle sources.
The contemporary western tattooist as a multifaceted practitioner
Authors: McDade Adam
Published: November 2019

Although tattooing has been vaguely discussed in an academic literature for over a century, it has only received serious scholarly interest in recent decades. The literature that exists is primarily within the contexts of art history, economics and dominantly, social sciences. With few exceptions, the emphasis is placed on the modified body or the recipient of the tattoo as the focus of the study, and not the process of cultural production. Tattooing from the perspective of the practitioner, and thus the methods, processes and actions of the tattooist, is yet to have gained sufficient focus. As a result, understanding of a creative medium that is a dominant form of cultural consumption is limited, largely deductive and lacking in informed internal voices. This article aims to offer insight into the multifaceted and contingent nature of the role of the contemporary western tattooist, which may be understood as a tattooist working in a western context in the twenty-first century. Conducted by a researcher who is also a professional tattooist, the article is informed by a multimethod methodology combining a contextual review with practical research and autoethnography. Drawing upon professional practice to provide elucidation, a lens for partially understanding the contingent role of the tattooist in pragmatic multiplicity of a visual artist, a designer and a craftsperson is proposed. Specific attention is paid to the notion of craft in accordance to the criteria of the supplemental, material and skill proposed by Adamson to exemplify when the tattooist can be understood as performing the action of a craftsperson. The role of the contemporary western tattooist has been either assumed, ignored or studied without the necessary resources or methodologies within conventional disciplinary approaches. In introducing an insider practitioner perspective into the current dialogue, tattooing may be better understood and researched in the avenues in which it has previously been studied, while also being introduced into the broader craft, design and arts academic discourse.
Wrapped in a rainbow: Inspiration and innovation through traditional crafts
Authors: Summatavet Kärt
Published: November 2019

Craft artists can be simultaneously mythical poets and SciFy specialists, whose craft skills from the past act as a tool-kit to overcome the borders between past and future, to predict and create imaginary new worlds and to point towards solutions for the future. The Nordic culture and its craft tradition is a wise model for future generations in tackling climate change, social problems and waste. While current design students are outstandingly talented and skilful users of digital tools of virtual reality, problems arise when perfect virtual images have to be transformed into real 3D models, prototypes and products. Designers who are trained to combine craft skills and experiential knowledge with digital reality and computer-assisted tools appear to have an advantage in innovation because they can predict and overcome the flaws that digital reality overlooks.
Indicadores socioambientais na gestão integrada das sub bacias da região metropolitana de Sorocaba, SP
Authors: Leinfelder Fernanda Maria Soares Urquieta , Tonello Kelly Cristina , Leal Mariana Santos , Correa Carina Júlia Pensa
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo teve por objetivo diagnosticar a situação dos recursos hídricos das sete sub-bacias que compõe a Região Metropolitana de Sorocaba (RMS), localizada no estado de São Paulo, instituída pela Lei Complementar 1.241 de 2014, a partir da utilização de indicadores que permitiram identificar problemas socioambientais. Indicadores demográficos e de responsabilidade social, indicadores de qualidade das águas, indicadores de disponibilidade e demanda hídrica e indicadores de estado e resposta de serviços de saneamento foram obtidos para as sub-bacias que integram a RMS. Existem três sub-bacias que estão fortemente comprometidas com relação aos indicadores ambientais, sendo que duas dessas sub-bacias também apresentaram indicadores sociais ruins, apesar do elevado nível de riqueza. As três sub-bacias com baixo nível de riqueza, baixa taxa de urbanização e baixa densidade demográfica apresentaram resultados bons ou intermediários para os indicadores sociais, porém duas dessas sub-bacias merecem atenção devido a problemas de disponibilidade e demanda de água e poluição hídrica. Finalmente, a sub-bacia que abriga o maior manancial de abastecimento da região apresentou bons resultados para os indicadores ambientais, porém com indicadores sociais ruins. Por apresentarem características diversas, a gestão integrada das sub-bacias RMS pode ser compreendida como um grande desafio, na perspectiva de atender às diferentes necessidades das dimensões social, econômica e ambiental necessárias ao desenvolvimento. Sendo assim, esse estudo irá contribuir para identificação de linhas de atuação municipais e regionais de forma a proporcionar o desenvolvimento sustentável dessa região.
Effects of laser processing conditions on wettability and proliferation of Saos-2 cells on CoCrMo alloy surfaces
Authors: Batal Afif , Michalek Aleksandra , Garcia-Giron Antonio , Nasrollahi Vahid , Penchev Pavel , Sammons Rachel , Dimov Stefan
Published: November 2019

Any processing disturbances in laser surface texturing (LST) could compromise the resulting surface topography and their desired functional response. Disturbances such as focal plane offsets and beam incident angle variations are always present in LST processing of 3D parts and can affect the surface morphology. In this research the effects of these laser processing disturbances in producing laser induced surface structures (LIPSS) on CoCrMo alloy substrates were investigated. In particular, these two disturbances were considered as laser processing variables to determine their effects on functional responses of LIPSS treated surfaces, i.e. surface wettability and the proliferation of Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated. It was found that the changes of laser processing conditions led to a decrease in surface wettability and Saos-2 cells proliferation. In addition, a correlation between surface wettability and cell proliferation on LIPSS treated surface was identified and conclusions made about the effects of investigated process disturbances on the functional response of LIPSS treated CoCrMo substrates.
Oxidative degradation of gentamicin present in water by an electro-Fenton process and biodegradability improvement
Authors: Arhoutane Mohamed Réda , Yahya Muna Shueai , Karbane Miloud El , Kacemi Kacem El
Published: November 2019

In the context of environmental protection, where there is a need to develop effective operations for carrying out appropriate treatment of polluted water by pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the present study aims at evaluating the degradation for gentamicin through electro-Fenton (EF) operation, through taking into consideration the effect of several parameters of experimental in the process, namely, the concentration of initial gentamicin, the applied current and the Fe+2(II) quantities. The (EF) operation employed involves a carbon-felt as cathode and platinum as anode at pH 3. Studies for the gentamicin kinetics is monitored by HPLC giving a pseudo-first order reaction following by a chemical oxygen demand, with a reached degree of mineralization 96% after of four hours of treatment through current 100 mA/cm2with 0.1 mM of Fe+2. We find that the degradation for molecule of gentamicin is accompanied by an augmentation of the biodegradability, assesse through the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) on chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratio, that augmentation from 0 to 0.41 before treatment after 30 min for EF treatment, showing that there is potential for conjugation of the EF process and the biological process. Furthermore, the by-products have been identified on the basis of HPLC-MS/MS results.
Natural hazards and their impact on rural settlements in NE Romania – A cartographical approach
Authors: Vaculisteanu Georgiana , Niculita Mihai , Margarint Mihai Ciprian
Published: November 2019

Natural hazards are the most significant threats in rural areas of Romania, while landslides, floods and bank river erosion are the geomorphological processes that impose the greatest risk in the Moldavian Plateau. We have identified 189 of disappeared, displaced and partially affected villages (in the area between Siret and Prut Rivers), using old cartographic materials as primary tool, and overlapping them with the present situation: ortophoto imagery and LiDAR derived high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). The main natural hazards that affected the settlements were landslides (63%), floods (26%) and river bank erosion processes (11%) and in 19% of the cases the settlement completely disappeared. We also present seven study cases, three for landslides, three for floods and one for river bank erosion in order to detail how these natural hazards impacted the physical environment of the settlements. In the Moldavian Plateau the mentioned natural hazards played an important role in the dynamics of the settlement network, with variations induced mainly by the socio-political characteristics and not necessarily by the frequency variation of the natural hazard events. Such studies are needed in order to depict the vulnerability and risk scenarios, especially for the back-analysis, but also considering that future climate changes might impose changes in hazard, vulnerability and risk associated to settlements.
Comparative expression analysis of phospholipid binding protein annexina1 in nephrogenesis and kidney cancer
Authors: Sadashiv Roshni , Bannur Balappa Murgappa , Shetty Praveenkumar , Dinesh Udupi Shastry , K.Vishwanatha Jamboor , Deshpande Subhash Krishnarao , Bargale Anil , E Sarathkumar , Ruikar Komal
Published: November 2019

Background

The expression in the glomerular mesangial cells, papillary, and collecting duct cells demonstrated annexin A1 (AnxA1)’s role in specific renal functions. With varying concentrations of calcium (Ca2+), it is considered to regulate cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and clearance of apoptotic cells by forming ceramides, a key lipid mediator of apoptosis. It also participates in tumorigenesis based on its location. On account of these features, we investigated the expression of this apoptosis-associated protein in fetal kidneys at different gestational periods, mature kidneys and in kidney cancer tissues in order to localize and possibly characterize its role during nephrogenesis and renal tumors.

Methods

AnxA1 expression was evaluated by an immunohistochemistry technique in “paraffin-embedded” renal tissue sections from autopsied fetuses at different gestational ages, in mature kidneys and renal cancer tissues.

Results

The current study data demonstrated that AnxA1 is expressed in the mesangial cells and podocytes of maturing glomeruli in the developing renal cortex of fetal kidneys at 14 to 19 weeks of gestation. The expression in the mesangial cells declined in later weeks of gestation and persisted into adulthood. AnxA1 expression increased with the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and also in other cancer types indicating a potential role of the protein in tumorigenesis.

Conclusions

We presume that AnxA1 in the podocytes and mesangial cells play important roles in various signaling pathways in the functioning of the glomerulus. These results and concepts provide a framework to further dissect its biological properties and thereby develop diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies targeting the molecule in various renal pathologies.
Just What is Social Ontology?
Authors: Baker Lynne Rudder
Published: November 2019

Construing ontology as an inventory of what genuinely and nonredundantly exists, this paper investigates two questions: (i) Do all – or any – social phenomena belong in ontology? and (ii) What difference does it make what is, and is not, in ontology? First, I consider John Searle’s account of social ontology, and make two startling discoveries: Searle’s theory of social reality conflicts with his ontological conditions of adequacy; and although ontology concerns existence, Searle’s theory of social reality is wholly epistemic. Then, I offer my own view of social reality, on which social phenomena are ontologically significant. Since ontology concerns what genuinely and nonredundantly exists, anyone interested in what there is ought to care about ontology.
Kierkegaard on the Dancers of Faith and of Infinity
Authors: Jech Alexander
Published: November 2019

Fear and Trembling’s goal is illuminating the difficulty of faith. Silentio claims that whereas both knights of resignation and knights of faith are dancers, only the knight of faith can dance perfectly, doing what perhaps no dancer can do: he does not “hesitate” in the moment between landing from his leap and assuming the position from which to reengage with finitude. This surprising invocation of dance has not been given sustained attention in the literature on Fear and Trembling. Given Kierkegaard’s surprisingly precise grasp of classical ballet’s vocabulary and aesthetic, I examine how these provide him additional power to clarify the difference between faith and resignation.
Kierkegaard as a Thinker of Alienation
Authors: Stewart Jon
Published: November 2019

Alienation is a key theme in both the philosophical tradition of the 19th century that begins with Hegel and Marx and in the heterogenous school of existentialist thought in the 20th century. Kierkegaard is often included in narratives of these philosophical traditions, but his contribution to this topic is problematic. Unlike figures such as Marx or Sartre, he almost never uses the term “alienation” explicitly. The question then becomes one of interpretation: what ideas in Kierkegaard bear a meaningful family resemblance to the concept as it is found in other thinkers in these traditions? In this article I have identified three different texts from Kierkegaard in which concepts are discussed that I believe can be rightfully designated as forms of alienation: “The Unhappiest One,” from Either/Or, “The Present Age” from A Literary Review, and the different stages of despair in The Sickness unto Death. The goal is simply to use these texts as the basis or starting point for developing an understanding of Kierkegaard’s concept of alienation. This will then in turn help us to determine more precisely his contribution to the development of philosophy in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Token-based typology and word order entropy: A study based on Universal Dependencies
Authors: Levshina Natalia
Published: November 2019

The present paper discusses the benefits and challenges of token-based typology, which takes into account the frequencies of words and constructions in language use. This approach makes it possible to introduce new criteria for language classification, which would be difficult or impossible to achieve with the traditional, type-based approach. This point is illustrated by several quantitative studies of word order variation, which can be measured as entropy at different levels of granularity. I argue that this variation can be explained by general functional mechanisms and pressures, which manifest themselves in language use, such as optimization of processing (including avoidance of ambiguity) and grammaticalization of predictable units occurring in chunks. The case studies are based on multilingual corpora, which have been parsed using the Universal Dependencies annotation scheme.
Uncertainty in chemical process systems engineering: a critical review
Authors: Sharifian Seyedmehdi , Sotudeh-Gharebagh Rahmat , Zarghami Reza , Tanguy Philippe , Mostoufi Navid
Published: November 2019

Uncertainty or error occurs as a result of a lack or misuse of knowledge about specific topics or situations. In this review, we recall the differences between error and uncertainty briefly, first, and then their probable sources. Then, their identifications and management in chemical process design, optimization, control, and fault detection and diagnosis are illustrated. Furthermore, because of the large amount of information that can be obtained in modern plants, accurate analysis and evaluation of those pieces of information have undeniable effects on the uncertainty in the system. Moreover, the origins of uncertainty and error in simulation and modeling are also presented. We show that in a multidisciplinary modeling approach, every single step can be a potential source of uncertainty, which can merge into each other and generate unreliable results. In addition, some uncertainty analysis and evaluation methods are briefly presented. Finally, guidelines for future research are proposed based on existing research gaps, which we believe will pave the way to innovative process designs based on more reliable, efficient, and feasible optimum planning.
Mathematics anxiety and cognition: an integrated neural network model
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed A. , Porter Angela , Megreya Ahmed M.
Published: November 2019

Many students suffer from anxiety when performing numerical calculations. Mathematics anxiety is a condition that has a negative effect on educational outcomes and future employment prospects. While there are a multitude of behavioral studies on mathematics anxiety, its underlying cognitive and neural mechanism remain unclear. This article provides a systematic review of cognitive studies that investigated mathematics anxiety. As there are no prior neural network models of mathematics anxiety, this article discusses how previous neural network models of mathematical cognition could be adapted to simulate the neural and behavioral studies of mathematics anxiety. In other words, here we provide a novel integrative network theory on the links between mathematics anxiety, cognition, and brain substrates. This theoretical framework may explain the impact of mathematics anxiety on a range of cognitive and neuropsychological tests. Therefore, it could improve our understanding of the cognitive and neurological mechanisms underlying mathematics anxiety and also has important applications. Indeed, a better understanding of mathematics anxiety could inform more effective therapeutic techniques that in turn could lead to significant improvements in educational outcomes.
Fictions of Phenomenology: Husserl and Musil
Authors: Mendicino Kristina
Published: November 2019

Despite the express intentions of his phenomenological investigations, the radical significance of Edmund Husserl’s discussions of signs and meaning may reside in their exposure of the ways in which language remains structurally alien to the field of subjectivity and cognition. If this would mean that a phenomenological theory of cognition could not guide the study of literary language, however, fiction may nonetheless turn out to be one of the most important sources for phenomenological »Erkenntnis«, albeit in a different way than Husserl could have meant in his famous affirmation of fiction in phenomenological research: as the exposure of its limits, and as the further explication of a field where, as Jacques Derrida would write, »every present subject can be absent.« This possibility is explored in the present contribution through an analysis of Robert Musil’s Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften.
Physio-biochemical analyses in seedlings of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids that are grown under salt stress under in vitro conditions
Authors: Beyaz Ramazan , Kır Hakan
Published: November 2019

Objective

This study was conducted to analyze the physio-biochemical responses of two sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum Sudanese Stapf.) hybrid (“Aneto” and “Sugar Graze”) seedlings exposed to salt stress.

Materials and methods

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid seeds sown in MS medium containing 50 and 100 mM NaCl. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR, APX), chlorophyll (a, b, and total), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline levels measured in 14 days old seedlings.

Results

As a result of the study, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX, and GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline and chlorophyll contents of seedlings of cv. “Aneto” increased. On the other hand, SOD activity, proline, and chlorophyll content increased while CAT, APX, GR activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased in seedlings of cv. “Sugar graze”.

Conclusion

Overall, the results showed that the cv. “Aneto” was less affected by the adverse effects of salt stress than the cv. “Sugar graze”. This study is essential for revealing biochemical responses of 14 days old Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid seedlings against salt stress. These study findings can use in breeding programs for sorghum plants.
Intermetallics of the types REPd3
X
2 and REPt3
X
2 (RE=La–Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb; X=In, Sn) with substructures featuring tin and In atoms in distorted square-planar coordination
Authors: Engelbert Simon , Stegemann Frank , Bönnighausen Judith , Klenner Steffen , Janka Oliver , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: November 2019

The intermetallic compounds RET
3
X
2 (RE = La–Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb; T = Pd, Pt; X = In, Sn) have been synthesized from the elements by arc-melting and subsequent annealing sequences in tube or induction furnaces. The samples were characterized through Guinier powder diffraction patterns, and several structures were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data. These indium and tin intermetallics crystallize with the orthorhombic CePd3In2-type structure, space group Pnma. The palladium (platinum) and indium (tin) atoms in the RET
3
X
2 structures build up complex three-dimensional [T
3
X
2]
δ− polyanionic networks in which the rare earth atoms fill cavities. The striking structural motifs concern the indium, respectively tin substructures, in which part of the indium and tin atoms have distorted square planar homoatomic coordination environments: In1In12In22 units in PrPd3In2 with interatomic distances 325 pm In1–In1 and 332 pm In1–In2 as well as Sn1Sn12Sn22 units in PrPt3Sn2 with the larger distances of 356 pm for Sn1–Sn1 and of 344 pm for Sn1–Sn2. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements have indicated Pauli paramagnetism or diamagnetism for the lanthanum compounds, van-Vleck paramagnetism for SmPt3In2 and Curie-Weiss paramagnetism for the remaining compounds. Antiferromagnetic ordering was detected at T
N = 4.0(1) K for CePt3In2 and at T
N = 3.5(1) K for SmPt3In2. CePt3In2 shows a metamagnetic transition at an external magnetic field of 47(3) kOe.
Postural Control Responses to Different Acute and Chronic Training Load Profiles in Professional Rugby Union
Authors: Troester Jordan C. , Duffield Rob
Published: November 2019

Troester, JC and Duffield, R. Postural control responses to different acute and chronic training load profiles in professional rugby union. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 220–225, 2022—The current investigation identified the response of postural control (PC) measures of single-leg balance and landing to different accumulated training load profiles representing normal, higher, and spiked loads. Twenty-two professional rugby union players performed single-leg balance and landing tests on a 1,000-Hz force plate on the first training day of 24 weeks across the season after 36 hours of recovery. Internal (session rating of perceived exertion training load) and external (total and high-speed running distance) load measures were monitored during all training sessions and matches. Calculations of acute (7-day rolling average), chronic (28-day rolling average), and acute-to-chronic workload ratio were determined. Three-week load profiles were identified that represented normal, spike, and higher load profiles to determine the effect on PC, which were analyzed using 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. A significant effect of load profile on landing impulse on the dominant (p = 0.005) and nondominant legs (p = 0.001) was identified, with significantly greater impulse measures in the spike and higher load profiles (p = 0.001–0.041) compared with the normal load profile. Significant load profile × week interactions (p < 0.05) were identified for landing peak force on the dominant leg and impulse on both legs suggesting a decrement during the spike load profile and increased impulse in the higher load profile. No effects (p > 0.05) were identified for load profile changes in single-leg balance sway velocity or single-leg landing time to stabilization. The respective landing responses may indicate altered movement strategies under spike and higher load profiles resulting from neuromuscular fatigue in response to the accumulated load.
ANÁLISE DA DRENAGEM URBANA COM ÊNFASE NA REDUÇÃO DE RISCOS DE ENCHENTES
Authors: De Sousa dos Santos Carolina , Rangel Ana Carolina , Gonçalves José Roberto Moreira Ribeiro
Published: November 2019

No presente estudo foi realizado uma análise no planejamento urbano em relação a permeabilidade do solo como forma de reduzir os riscos de enchentes. Também foi avaliado o coeficiente de escoamento superficial (C) principalmente dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo e comparado com regiões de mata. Identificou-se que o crescimento acelerado das cidades em comparação ao previsto no plano diretor e seu descaso com o assunto, ocasionaram a estagnação de melhorias referente ao escoamento de água pluvial. E que algumas soluções podem ser implantadas de forma que reduza consideravelmente o volume dessas enchentes e contribua ao reabastecimento dos lençóis freáticos através de asfaltos permeáveis e crescimento de áreas verdes.
Aging with Honor: Examining Ambivalent Ageism and Interpersonal Risk-Factors for Suicide as Explanations for the Honor-Suicide Link
Authors: Bock Jarrod E. , Brown Ryan P. , Green Kevin
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Prior research has demonstrated that rates of suicide are greater in more honor-oriented regions of the U.S. (particularly among White men), and that this difference in suicide rates becomes greater as men enter older adulthood. Research into the honor-suicide link has suggested explanatory factors that coincide with the interpersonal theory of suicide, such as untreated depression, heightened risk-taking, and the use of firearms in suicide.

Method: The present study exam-ined ambivalent ageism, permissive attitudes toward suicide, and interpersonal risk factors for suicide as explanations for the honor-suicide link among a sample of 201 American men in midlife and above.

Results: After controlling for participant age and religiosity, participants with greater endorsement of honor ideology but lower levels of honor fulfillment expressed heightened levels of thwarted belongingness—an established interpersonal risk factor for suicide. Additionally, lower levels of honor fulfillment predicted greater anxiety about aging, greater perceived burdensomeness, and more positive implicit attitudes toward youth. Conversely, greater levels of honor fulfillment also predicted more positive attitudes toward older adults.

Discussion: Our results extend previous research on the honor-suicide relationship by demonstrating the utility of integrating the inter-personal theory of suicide with research on cultures of honor.
Meaning in Life Drives Reductions in Suicide Risk Among Acutely Suicidal Soldiers Receiving a Crisis Response Plan
Authors: Bryan Craig J. , Bryan Annabelle O. , Rozek David C. , Leifker Feea R.
Published: November 2019

Objective: The purpose was to examine temporal associations among meaning in life and suicide risk across suicide-focused interventions.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a randomized clinical trial testing the efficacy of a standard crisis response plan (S-CRP) and a CRP enhanced with a discussion about the patient's reasons for living (E-CRP) as compared to treatment as usual (TAU). A total of 97 active duty U.S. Army personnel presenting to military emergency departments and outpatient behavioral health clinics with active suicide ideation or a lifetime history of suicide attempts were enrolled between January 2013 and February 2016. Meaning in life and suicide risk were assessed at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 month follow-ups.

Results: The association of meaning in life with time-lagged suicide risk significantly differed across treatment groups (p = .024). In TAU, meaning in life was not significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk. In S-CRP, a stronger desire to establish meaning in life was significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk (p < .001). In E-CRP, a stronger sense of purpose and meaning in life was significantly associated with later reductions in suicide risk (p < .001).

Discussion: Faster reductions in suicide risk observed among patients who receive a CRP are attributable in part by the effects of strengthened meaning in life. Different facets of meaning in life contribute to reduced suicide risk in unique ways across treatments with varying components.

Clinical Trials Registration: Data used in this secondary analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02042131.
De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing of Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Application of Two Assembled Unigenes
Authors: Hu Ya Hui , Liu Yong , Wei Lin , Chen Hao Tao
Published: November 2019

The ladybird beetle Serangium japonicum is an important predator of whiteflies. Investigations of the molecular mechanisms of this predatory beetle have been hindered by the scarcity of gene sequence data. To obtain gene sequences for the ladybird beetle and determine differences in gene expression between the summer and winter seasons, paired-end sequencing was performed. Real-time PCR was used to validate differences in Krueppel homolog 1 gene (Kr-h1) mRNA expression in summer vs. winter samples. To determined the diversity of the population, annotated cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COX1) gene fragments were amplified from several ladybird beetle populations. The analysis yielded 191,246 assembled unigenes, 127,016 of which (66.4%) were annotated. These functional annotations of gene sequences are currently available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and will provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological characteristics of S. japonicum. We found a change in expression of ribosome-associated genes across seasons, and postulate that this change is because of seasonal variation in temperature and photoperiod. The differential expression of Kr-h1 suggests that S. japonicum can successfully overwinter because the adults enter diapause. To explain the effects of season on Kr-h1 gene expression, we hypothesize a model in which that a short photoperiod affects the density of Ca2+, the subsequent activity of methyl farnesoate epoxidase and the synthesis of JH, and in turn Kr-h1 gene expression. COX1 annotation was concordant with the morphological ID. The same COX1 sequence was found in the samples from several provinces in China. Therefore, the COX1 sequence is worth further study to distinguish beetle species and populations.
Clay Mineral Assemblages in Recent Thermal Anomalies of Southern Kamchatka
Authors: Sergeeva A.V. , Denisov D.K. , Nazarova M.A.
Published: November 2019

—We consider the factors determining the mineral composition of hydrothermal clays in recent thermal anomalies of the Pauzhetka–Kambal’nyi–Koshelevskii region and Ebeko (Paramushir Island) and Mutnovskii Volcanoes. The composition of mineral assemblages is influenced by a number of interdependent factors: the type of discharge (steam–gas jets, steaming ground, and mud water pools), temperature, pH, and Eh of a thermal solution. Mineral assemblages including sulfur, opal, α-quartz, and alunite group minerals form on the steaming ground of the craters of active volcanoes (Ebeko and Mutnovskii). Mud water pools of the craters contain mainly sulfur, opal, and α-quartz. An assemblage of kaolinite, opal, alunite group minerals (in small amounts), and goethite forms in mud water pools with pH = 2–3 in the thermal fields of the Pauzhetka–Kambal’nyi–Koshelevskii region. An assemblage of newly formed kaolinite, smectite, pyrite, marcasite, and, sometimes, opal is specific to mud water pools with pH > 3.5–4.0 At pH > 5, smectite, pyrite, and opal are produced. In the thermal fields of the Pauzhetka–Kambal’nyi–Koshelevskii region, the walls of steam–gas jets that are often flooded with water and dry out are formed by kaolinite, smectite, opal, α-quartz, pyrite, marcasite, and goethite. The walls of steam–gas jets that are not flooded with water for a long time consist of kaolinite, opal, α-quartz, smectite (traces), alunite group minerals, pyrite, and marcasite in close amounts. The steaming ground of the thermal fields of the Pauzhetka–Kambal’nyi–Koshelevskii region is composed of kaolinite, alunite group minerals, opal, and goethite or an assemblage of kaolinite, smectite, opal, pyrite, and marcasite.
2019 American Heart Association Focused Update on Pediatric Basic Life Support: An Update to the American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care
Authors: Duff Jonathan P. , Topjian Alexis A. , Berg Marc D. , Chan Melissa , Haskell Sarah E. , Joyner Benny L. , Lasa Javier J. , Ley S. Jill , Raymond Tia T. , Sutton Robert Michael , Hazinski Mary Fran , Atkins Dianne L.
Published: November 2019

This 2019 focused update to the American Heart Association pediatric basic life support guidelines follows the 2019 systematic review of the effects of dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) on survival of infants and children with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This systematic review and the primary studies identified were analyzed by the Pediatric Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. It aligns with the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation’s continuous evidence review process, with updates published when the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation completes a literature review based on new published evidence. This update summarizes the available pediatric evidence supporting DA-CPR and provides treatment recommendations for DA-CPR for pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Four new pediatric studies were reviewed. A systematic review of this data identified the association of a significant improvement in the rates of bystander CPR and in survival 1 month after cardiac arrest with DA-CPR. The writing group recommends that emergency medical dispatch centers offer DA-CPR for presumed pediatric cardiac arrest, especially when no bystander CPR is in progress. No recommendation could be made for or against DA-CPR instructions when bystander CPR is already in progress.
Practical synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles via multicomponent reactions
Authors: SAĞIRLI Akın
Published: November 2019

Tek basamakta siklik enamin (2-(nitrometilen)-2,3-dihidro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol),
malononitril ve aromatik aldehit ile çoklu bileşenli tepkime üzerinden 1-amino-3-(4-substitue)-4-nitro-3,5-dihidrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]piridin-2-karbonitril
lerin kolay ve etkili bir biçimde sentezi açığa çıkarıldı. Ayrıca, istenilen
ürünlerin eldesinde herhangi bir saflaştırma prosedürü gerektirmedi. Bütün
ürünler saf olarak tepkime ortamında çökeltildi. On yeni yapı fiziksel ve
spektroskopik yöntemler kullanılarak karakterize edildi (e.n., IR, NMR ve
TOF-MS analizleri).
Synthesis of two 7,8-dioxabicyclo[4.1.1]octan-3-yl)-steroid derivatives and evaluation of their inotropic activity in an animal model.
Authors: LAURO Figueroa , MARIA Lopez , FRANCISCO Diaz , MARCELA Rosas , VIRGINIA Mateu , ALEJANDRA Garcimarrero , YARITZA Borges
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study was synthesizing two 7,8-dioxabicyclo[4.1.1]octan-3-yl)-steroid derivatives (compounds 3 or 4) to evaluate their inotropic activity in vitro. The first stage was achieved by the preparation of two 7,8-dioxabicyclo[4.1.1]octan-3-yl)-steroid derivatives using some chemical strategies. Then, the inotropic activity of both steroid derivatives against left ventricular pressure (LVP) was evaluated in an isolated rat heart model using Bay-k-8644, nifedipine, aucubin, and L-NAME as controls. The results showed that compound 3 increased LVP in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was inhibited by nifedipine. Other results showed that compound 4 decreased LVP in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was blocked in the presence of L-NAME. All these data indicate that 1) the positive inotropic activity exerted by compound 3 was through type L calcium channel activation; 2) the negative inotropic effect of 4 was via nitric oxide synthase activation. These phenomena could be due to the different functional groups involved in the chemical structure of compounds 3 and 4.
A bounding surface model of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments
Authors: Kong Liang , Wang Xing , Hua Likun , Lin Xingyu
Published: November 2019

Gas hydrates are a very promising energy source, but its exploitation also faces some challenges in marine geotechnics. The dissociation and formation of hydrates can significantly change the mechanical properties of sediment layers. Large-scale extraction of natural gas hydrate may trigger submarine landslides; therefore, an appropriate constitutive model is necessary for the safe exploitation of natural gas hydrates. In this paper, a bounding surface model of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments (GHBSs) is developed based on the modified Cam-clay model. The size of the bounding surface is related to hydrate saturation by introducing an additional hardening parameter. It is assumed that the additional hardening parameter is related to the hydrate saturation level and plastic volumetric strain. The method for determining the model parameters is given. The model is used to simulate the triaxial compression drainage test of GHBS under different test conditions. It is demonstrated that the model can adequately capture the main deformation characteristics of GHBS. The proposed model is implemented into a finite-element method software program, and finite-element modelling of the plane strain test is carried out. The comparison of results shows the validity of the model.
Learning and Misperception: Implications for Price-Level Targeting
Authors: Bodenstein Martin , Hebden James , Winkler Fabian
Published: November 2019

Monetary policy strategies that target the price level have been advocated as a more effective way to provide economic stimulus in a deep recession when conventional monetary policy is limited by the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates. Yet, the effectiveness of these strategies depends on a central bank's ability to steer agents' expectations about the future path of the policy rate. We develop a flexible method of learning about the central bank's policy rule from observed interest rates that takes into account the limited informational content at the zero lower bound. When agents learn, switching from an inflation targeting to a price-level targeting strategy at the onset of a recession does not yield the desired stabilization benefits. These benefits only materialize after the policy rule has been in place for a sufficiently long time. Temporary price-level targeting strategies are likely to be much less effective than their permanent counterparts.
Erzincan Girlevik şelalesi ve yakın çevresine gelen ziyaretçilerin rekreasyonel talep ve isteklerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: CANER Ahmet Mesut , DEMİR Metin
Published: November 2019

Günümüzde insanlar kent stresinden uzaklaşmak, özlem duyduğu kırsal yaşamı bir nebze olsun yaşayabilmek, doğa ile iç içe olmak ve rekreasyon gereksinimlerini karşılamak için farklı doğal kaynaklar ve alanları kullanmaktadırlar. Rekreasyonel alanların ziyaretçi istekleri ile bölgenin doğal özelliklerine uygun planlanması sürdürülebilirlik ve rekreasyon kalitesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Erzincan İli, Çağlayan Beldesi’nde bulunan Girlevik Şelalesi’de, ülkemizin manzara ve doğal peyzaj güzelliği bakımından önemli rekreasyonel alanlarından birisidir. Bu çalışmada, Erzincan Girlevik Şelalesi ve yakın çevresine gelen ziyaretçilerin mevcut rekreasyonel etkinliklerin yeterlilik düzeyleri, rekreasyonel eğilimleri ve talepleri ile alanın ziyaretçi yoğunluğuna dair görüşlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 2017-2018 yıllarında Kasım-Haziran ayları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında alana gelen ziyaretçilerle 385 adet yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket formu konu ile ilgili literatürler değerlendirilerek hazırlanmıştır. Anket çalışmasında toplanan veriler SPSS 21.0 istatistik paket programında değerlendirilmiş ve frekans tabloları çıkarılmıştır. Toplanan sonuçlar analiz edilerek alana gelen ziyaretçilerin rekreasyonel istekleri belirlenmiş, buna bağlı olarak alan planlaması ile ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur.
Sledge, Reindeer Dogs and Tractors: the Energy of Innovation and Cultural Shift
Authors: Sirina Anna A.
Published: November 2019

The article discusses three significant innovations that have occurred in the culture of the nomad Evens of the Magadan region over the past 80 years: sledge (1930s), reindeer dogs (1940–50s) and tractors (1960s — 1970s). The causes and sources of these borrowings are traced, as well as the resulting systemic cumulative effect. Active innovations were associated with the adaptation of Even reindeer herders to the natural and ethnic environment, which began with their entry into the territory of the Northeast. The forced innovations were caused by the influence of the state, which set a goal to transfer part of the nomads to sedentary life, and invested significant resources and energy in the modification of reindeer husbandry as an agricultural sector. As a result of adaptation to the realities of the post-Soviet economy, a wide variety of local cultural options appeared again, complicated by borrowings and tied to the matrix of the state, but with retention of backup options in case of technical breakdowns. Innovations are regarded in the article, on the one hand, as a consequence of changing social conditions, and on the other, as a mechanism of cultural shift
Mobility, Telecommunication and Energy Regimes in Svalbard
Authors: Vlakhov Andrian V.
Published: November 2019

This paper deals with the role of mobility and telecommunication of the residents of Svalbard archipelago. The main focus of this study is the role of those factors in creating the energy regimes of the archipelago. The field study data shows that mobility and telecommunication are, first, intertwined factors of the local social space; second, their physical and social dimensions are also inseparable. The issues of mobility and telecommunication and their role in creating the local energy regimes are also an important topic of the public discourse of the Arctic policy-making
Dos primórdios à (quase) universalização dos planos de educação no Brasil: avanços e desafios no cenário contemporâneo
Authors: Militão Silvio Cesar Nunes , Aranda Maria Alice De Miranda
Published: November 2019

Este artigo objetiva analisar avanços e desafios atinentes à formulação e materialização dos planos de educação, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e contemporânea. Metodologicamente, vale-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados evidenciam que inexiste no Brasil uma tradição em pautar a educação mediante planos de Estado sistêmicos e de longo prazo, com a (quase) universalização dos planos subnacionais sendo ineditamente atingida somente na corrente década. Porém, os resultados indicam que a efetiva materialização destes planos demandará, além de sistemáticas de monitoramento e avaliação, uma radical alteração na rota política e econômica em curso, a qual inviabiliza a consecução das metas dos múltiplos planos vigentes.