bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Software Deterioration Control Based on Issue Reports
Authors: Bushehrian Omid , Sayari Mohsen , Shamsinejad Pirooz
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Successive code changes during the maintenance phase may cause the emergence of bad smells and anti-patterns in code and gradually results in deterioration of the code and difficulties in its maintainability. Continuous Quality Control (QC) is essential in this phase to refactor the anti-patterns and bad smells.

Objectives: The objective of this research has been to present a novel component called Code Deterioration Watch (CDW) to be integrated with existing Issue Tracking Systems (ITS) in order to assist the QC team in locating the software modules most vulnerable to deterioration swiftly. The important point regarding the CDW is the fact that its function has to be independent of the code level metrics rather it is totally based on issue level metrics measured from ITS repositories.

Methods: An issue level metric that properly alerts us of bad-smell emergence was identified by mining software repositories. To measure that metric, a Stream Clustering algorithm called ReportChainer was proposed to spot Relatively Long Chains (RLC) of incoming issue reports as they tell the QC team that a concentrated point of successive changes has emerged in the software.

Results: The contribution of this paper is partly creating a huge integrated code and issue repository of twelve medium and large size open-source software products from Apache and Eclipse. By mining this repository it was observed that there is a strong direct correlation (0.73 on average) between the number of issues of type “New Feature” reported on a software package and the number of bad-smells of types “design” and “error prone” emerged in that package. Besides a strong direct correlation (0.97 on average) was observed between the length of a chain and the magnitude of times it caused changes to a software package.

Conclusion: The existence of direct correlation between the number of issues of type “New Feature” reported on a software package and (1) the number of bad-smells of types “design” and “error prone” and (2) the value of “CyclomaticComplexity” metric of the package, justifies the idea of Quality Control merely based on issue-level metrics. A stream clustering algorithm can be effectively applied to alert the emergence of a deteriorated module.
Assessing Smallholder Farmers’ Perception on Climate Variability in Relation to Climatological Evidence: A Case Study of Benguene in the Sudanian Zone of Mali
Authors: Traore Souleymane S , Soumare Mamy , Dembele Sidi , Ojeh Vincent N , Guindo Safiatou , Diakite Cheick H
Published: August 2021

Sudanian zone is one of the regions in West Africa most confronted with high climate variability, challenging agricultural sustainability and rural livelihoods. Despite multiple research efforts devoted to exploring how farmers in this region perceive climate variability and how perceptions relate to adaptive responses, much remains to be done. This study examined farmers’ perception of climate variability compared with scientific evidence in the terroir of Benguene, between 1983 and 2018. Data was collected from twenty-nine (29) farmland heads (representing 49% of the total farmland heads in the village) through a survey conducted in October 2019. Monthly temperature data from ground measurement and daily rainfall data extracted from the gridded African Rainfall Climatology version 2 (ARC-2) time series was used. Descriptive statistic was used to analyse survey data. Climate data analysis included Mann Kendall trend analysis and computation of growing season parameters (Onset, Duration and Cessation) and its trend. In the end, a conformity index was used to compare farmers’ perceptions to climatological evidence. Conformity graph showed that apart from temperature, the farmers have low, to a weak perception of the other variables used to assess their perception. Results showed that many smallholder farmers have observed a rise in temperature (90%), delay onset (93%) and early cessation (93%) of rainfall. The analysis of the climate data showed high variability in the climate during the study period as observed in the increasing trends in temperature (p-value of 0.0007) and in the rainfall (p-value of 0.0001). Concerning the season parameters, the results show increasingly early-onset (June 1st ± 22 days) increasingly late cessation (October 09th ± 14 days) and consequently a long duration of the rainy season (130 ± 27 days). Conversely, farmers thought the opposite. These results imply the urgent need to increase smallholder farmers awareness of climate variability and change by providing climate information for better adaptation
1950s and 1960s Modern Home
Authors: Sanaksenaho Pirjo
Published: August 2021

This article is based on my keynote lecture at the architectural research symposium held at Aalto University on October 25, 2018. The lecture dealt with my doctoral dissertation: Modern Home. Single-family housing ideals as presented in Finnish architecture and interior design magazines in the 1950s and 1960s. (Sanaksenaho, 2017)
So will die Luftfahrtbranche nach der Krise wieder durchstarten
Authors: Aschmann Marcel , Vogl Hubert
Published: August 2021

Die Auswirkungen der Corona-Krise auf den internationalen Luftverkehr sind erheblich. Flugzeuge stehen am Boden, Passagiere bleiben aus – es drohen finanzielle Schieflagen und gravierende bilanzielle Probleme. Viele Airlines kommen ohne staatliche Unterstützung nicht aus und müssen ihre Flotten verkleinern. Doch in der Krise liegen auch Möglichkeiten. Nur wer sie erkennt und konsequent nutzt, kann gestärkt aus ihr hervorgehen.
Problematic issues of replacement or waiver of the right to accept a defense lawyer's services who provides free secondary legal aid in criminal proceedings
Authors: BUNINA Alina
Published: August 2021

The paper raises the issue of waiver (replacement) of a state defense lawyer by a suspect (accused) who provides free legal aid in criminal proceedings. The author analyzes the provisions of the current legislation in Ukraine, which regulates the provision (replacement) of a lawyer, compares and analyzes the practice of courts in the application of the law, focuses on the issue of determining the criteria for the quality of services provided by a lawyer, studies the view on this problem through the decisions of the ECHR (European Court of Human Rights), and also suggests ways to solve this problem by amending the current legislation and presents a fundamentally new approach to the procedure of waiver (replacement) of a lawyer in criminal proceedings. In the paper, the author notes the problem in the legislative definition of the possibility of waiver (replacement) of the lawyer and, as a result, the uneven application of the law occurs in practice by the courts; it is proposed to amend the specific procedural rules that regulate these relations, namely, to detach the issue of waiver (replacement) of the lawyer into a separate process, the author justifies the need for such detachment and decision-making by the investigating judge.
The author notes that the issue of refusal (replacement) of a lawyer during a pre-trial investigation with a legally defined adversarial proceeding is decided by the prosecution-the investigator (prosecutor), which is in itself wrong and can affect the choice of a lawyer, his tactics and methods of defense. The proposed changes, in the author's opinion, solve the problem of inconsistency in the application of the law in terms of waiver (replacement) of a defense lawyer by a suspect (accused), determine the unity of approach in solving these issues, preserving the defendant's right to choose freely a lawyer and protecting him from disclosing the chosen line of defense to the prosecution.
Cost efficient internet of things based smart farm system for rural farmers: Leveraging design thinking approach
Authors: Adebayo Segun , Emuoyibofarhe Ozichi , Awofolaju Tolulope
Published: August 2021

Farmers are faced with challenges of producing enough food and the use of traditional methods seems not to keep pace with the ever-growing demand of the populace thus creating increased concern in food scarcity. Although it has been identified that smart tools will enhance the production pace needed in the Agricultural sector, unfortunately, most of these tools are designed for farmers without their inputs, thus creating tools that are not meeting demands. This study focused on a farmer-centered design, development, and deployment approach to improving farm productivity. The design thinking approach was used to identify the specific need of the farmers in selected areas, ideas were created using brainstorming sessions involving experts in the field, and prototypes were developed and deployed to evaluate the impact performance. The result shows that the proposed system improved the cost-benefit ratio of crop farming from 2.14 to 2.26. This is a 12% productivity increase.
Server Side Method to Detect and Prevent Stored XSS Attack
Authors: Khazal Iman , Hussain Mohammed
Published: August 2021

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) is one of the most common and dangerous attacks. The user is the target of an XSS attack, but the attacker gains access to the user by exploiting an XSS vulnerability in a web application as Bridge. There are three types of XSS attacks: Reflected, Stored, and Dom-based. This paper focuses on the Stored-XSS attack, which is the most dangerous of the three. In Stored-XSS, the attacker injects a malicious script into the web application and saves it in the website repository.
The proposed method in this paper has been suggested to detect and prevent the Stored-XSS. The prevent Stored-XSS Server (PSS) was proposed as a server to test and sanitize the input to web applications before saving it in the database. Any user input must be checked to see if it contains a malicious script, and if so, the input must be sanitized and saved in the database instead of the harmful input. The PSS is tested using a vulnerable open-source web application and succeeds in detection by determining the harmful script within the input and prevent the attack by sterilized the input with an average time of 0.3 seconds.
Genome-wide analysis of Fragaria vesca three-amino-acid-loop-extension (TALE) genes
Authors: KABAK Gizem , ŞEHSUVAR Seray , TURGUT Sıla , GÖKDEMİR Şeyma
Published: August 2021

The present study is aimed to identify and characterize the three-amino-acid-loop- extension (TALE) genes in Fragaria vesca as bioinformatics. TALE superclass homeoproteins have important roles in regulating certain signal pathways in the plant system. However, there is no knowledge about the role of TALE genes in Fragaria vesca. According to this study, a total of 18 candidate FvescaTale genes were identified. Identification of motifs, exon and intron analysis, genome mapping, localization in the cell, three-dimensional modeling, and ontology analysis were made according to these genes. This bioinformatic analysis revealed that FvescaTale genes might play an important role in stress response for Fragaria vesca cultivars and suggests that these genes could be used as functional markers for in silico analysis for future studies.
Informe de Gestión
Authors:   Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia
Published: August 2021

Reportes ejecutivos de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia
Informe de gestión FNC 2020
Authors:   Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia
Published: August 2021

Reporte ejecutivo de la Federación Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia durante el año 2020.
Earthworm species occurrence in agroecosystems in the Midlands, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Nxele Thembeka C. , Mwabvu Tarombera , Yekwayo Inam
Published: August 2021

Little is known about the species composition of earthworms in agroecosystems in South Africa even though earthworms provide soil ecosystem services and are useful biological indicators of changes in the habitats. Given the land use and management impact biodiversity, the aim of this study was to document earthworm species that occur under cultivated land in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands. A survey of nine farms that practise conservation agriculture was carried out between 2018 and 2020. Twelve earthworm species belonging to four introduced families: Acanthodrilidae (Dichogaster bolaui), Rhinodrilidae (Pontoscolex corenthrurus), Lumbricidae (Aporrectodea caliginosa,Aporrectodea rosea,Aporrectodea trapezoides,Lumbricus rubellus,Octolasion cyaneum,Octolasion lacteum), Megascolecidae (Amynthas aeruginosus,Amynthas corticis,Amynthas gracilis,Amynthas rodericensis) and juveniles from an indigenous family Tritogeniidae were recorded from cultivated fields. The type of crop (habitat) affected both species richness and abundance of earthworms significantly. However, post hoc results showed differences in species richness between the soya and the maize only, with greater species richness in the maize. Our results demonstrate that habitat type has a major influence on communities of earthworms in agroecosystems.
Three new species of caddisflies (Trichoptera, Hydroptilidae, Polycentropodidae, Leptoceridae) from Khon Phapheng Waterfall, the Mekong River, Laos
Authors: Thamsenanupap Penkhae , Malicky Hans , Vongsombath Chanda , Laudee Pongsak
Published: August 2021

The Mekong River is a hotspot area for freshwater biodiversity, but caddisfly diversity is largely understudied. Three new species of caddisflies from three different families are described and illustrated from Khon Phapheng Waterfall, the Mekong River, Laos; Orthotrichia choengthongi Malicky & Laudee, sp. nov. (Hydroptilidae), Pseudoneureclipsis khonphaphengensis Malicky & Thamsenanupap, sp. nov. (Polycentropodidae), and Setodes karrilai Malicky & Laudee, sp. nov.Orthotrichia choengthongi Malicky & Laudee, sp. nov. can be differentiated from the most similar Orthotrichia tritonMalicky 2008 by the specific shape of segment X which is long and tubular, pointed apically and curved inward then immediately upward in dorsal view. Pseudoneureclipsis khonphaphengensis Malicky & Thamsenanupap, sp. nov. differs from the similar P. kaineus Malicky & Bunlue in Malicky et al. 2004 by the shape of the inferior appendages that are usually broad, almost circular in lateral view. Setodes karrilai Malicky & Laudee, sp. nov. is mainly different to S. omphale Malicky & Changthong in Malicky et al. 2004 by the distal part of segment X which has a brush-like process.
État, langues, antinomie. La dynamique ethnolibérale des réformes institutionnelles en Belgique
Authors: Dirkx Paul
Published: August 2021

Cet article explique comment l’État belge en est venu à réunir dans une seule structure trois modèles étatiques qui privilégient respectivement le niveau national, le niveau infranational et le niveau supranational. Sa première partie, à la fois historique et théorique, présente la genèse de cet État, qui est abordée à travers le concept d’antinomie. Les trois parties suivantes étudient les effets de l’antinomie sur les institutions belges, sur la gestion par l’État des autonomismes « flamand » et « wallon » et, enfin, sur sa politique socio-économique depuis les années 1960. Une dernière partie s’arrête brièvement aux rapports dialectiques entre cette politique, qualifiée ici d’ethnolibérale, et la « construction européenne ».
Syntaxe quantitative et expérimentale : objets et méthodes
Authors: Bîlbîie Gabriela , Faghiri Pegah , Thuilier Juliette
Published: August 2021

Dans cet article, nous abordons la question des données utilisées dans la recherche en syntaxe. Nous proposons d’abord une approche critique des jugements de grammaticalité, employées traditionnellement en syntaxe formelle, en pointant leur variabilité et leur dimension gradiente ; puis, nous présentons les différents aspects méthodologiques de la syntaxe quantitative et expérimentale, en insistant sur la complémentarité d’un travail à partir de données de corpus et d’une approche expérimentale contrôlée. Nous plaidons pour une vision de la syntaxe qui, en plus des contrastes binaires de grammaticalité, intègre les contraintes préférentielles pour rendre compte de la nature gradiente des données langagières.
L’appropriation de la télémédecine dans les EHPAD : entre contraintes organisationnelles et engagements individuels
Authors: Langlois Emmanuel , Abraham Maëlys
Published: August 2021

Le développement de la télémédecine est devenu un enjeu dans le système de soins, en particulier dans les EHPAD où il est important pour les résidents de pouvoir accéder rapidement à des consultations spécialisées tout en préservant une bonne qualité de vie. Cet article présente une étude qui montre les difficultés d’installation de la télémédecine dans les EHPAD et interroge les conditions d’appropriation de cet outil par les professionnels du soin. Basée sur une étude multisite et 25 entretiens semi-directifs, l’enquête montre que ces établissements évoluent dans un contexte organisationnel fragile qui rend difficile l’encastrement de la télémédecine dans les pratiques et routines professionnelles.
Préférences et perceptions face au risque : quels enseignements pour des applications à la santé ?
Authors: L’Haridon Olivier , Seror Valérie
Published: August 2021

Cet article présente un état de l’art des avancées théoriques et méthodologiques en économie comportementale à des fins d’économie appliquée. Il s’intéresse notamment aux enjeux de santé. Partant du modèle d’utilité espérée, modèle normatif de choix rationnel, largement développé et utilisé au 20 ème siècle, nous présentons en quoi l’économie comportementale, d’une part, et la psychologie cognitive d’autre part, ont permis d’enrichir cette analyse traditionnelle de la prise de risque individuelle. En particulier, nous recherchons de quelle manière l’économie comportementale rend compte de manière plus approfondie de la subjectivité du risque au travers d’une vision plus générale de la « chance ». Nous illustrons notre propos grâce à la mesure empirique de ces modèles d’économie comportementale, appliqués notamment aux enjeux de santé. En séparant les rôles respectifs des utilités associées aux conséquences, de l’éventuelle transformation des probabilités et des jugements probabilistes, de telles approches apparaissent particulièrement adaptées à des contextes où prévalent des incertitudes individuelles et collectives quant à la santé et l’économie. Nous envisageons enfin dans quelle mesure toute une littérature classique en psychologie cognitive sur la perception de l’incertitude éclaire l’économiste sur la complexité de la formation des croyances, notamment en matière de santé.
Understanding consumption choices of innovative products: an outlook on the Italian functional food market
Authors: Deborah Bentivoglio ,   Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM), Ancona, Italy, Rotordam Margherita , Giacomo Staffolani , Giulia Chiaraluce , Adele Finco
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the interest towards functional food has increased; however, several factors jeopardize their diffusion on the market. In fact, functional foods do not have either a specific regulatory framework or a statutory definition in Europe. A functional food with any nutrition and health claim related to vitamins, minerals, or other substances in their labeling have to meet only the specific requirements established by the Regulation (EC) 1924/2006. Consequently, these products are not uniquely recognizable and the perception of consumers towards them remains a confusing concept. In this scenario, this paper investigates knowledge and factors affecting consumers' consumption intention towards functional food in Italy. For this purpose, a survey was designed, and a logit model was used to explain motivators for the consumption of functional products. The result indicates that consumers are still confused about the concept of functional foods. An important motive for the consumption of functional food is the maintenance of good nutrition, health conditions as well as well-being. An additional factor in the success of functional products is the familiarity and the knowledge of the effects of a particular product on health conditions. The probability of the consumption of a functional product increases when the consumer associates the knows of the functional characteristic and the healthful properties with the consequences of their consumption. Results are useful to verify the opportunities for further expansion of these products on the Italian market.
On two sums related to the Lehmer problem over short intervals
Authors: Song Yanbo ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, China
Published: August 2021

In this article, we study sums related to the Lehmer problem over short intervals, and give two asymptotic formulae for them. The original Lehmer problem is to count the numbers coprime to a prime such that the number and the its number theoretical inverse are in different parities in some intervals. The numbers which satisfy these conditions are called Lehmer numbers. It prompts a series of investigations, such as the investigation of the error term in the asymptotic formula. Many scholars investigate the generalized Lehmer problems and get a lot of results. We follow the trend of these investigations and generalize the Lehmer problem.
New trends in preparing buckwheat dishes in Slovenia
Authors: Vombergar Blanka , Horvat Marija , Vorih Stanko , Pem Nataša
Published: August 2021

Slovenian cuisine is traditionally related to the use of buckwheat, especially common buckwheat. At the Education Centre Piramida Maribor there are developing possibilities of using common and Tartary buckwheat in modern gastronomy. This paper presentings buckwheat dishes, which were developed and upgraded according to the trends in modern nutrition, along with market responses. Present varieties of buckwheat bread made with different leavening agents (e.g. yeast, sourdough, baking powder, cream of tartar, mineral water and without rising agents), confectionnery (e.g. cakes, pies, cream-pies, strudels, biscuits) from Tartary buckwheat, common buckwheat and other flours and also Tartary buckwheat pasta are presented. Buckwheat (either as gruel or as flour) can also be used as an ingredient in filling the chocolate pralines or in ice cream. In addition various buckwheat dishes with a touch of contemporary trends and culinary art are introduced. Furthermore, the possibilities of using common and Tartary buckwheat flour for gluten-free confectionery and for a variety of sweet and savory gluten-free dishes in the culinary will be presented. The latest speciality will be the presentation of buckwheat bread, confectionery and pasta combined with edible flowers.
Innovative Partnership Between Intensive Care Unit Nurses and Therapists to Care for Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Reese Sara M. , Johnson Jennifer , Edwards Jennifer , Oliveti Michelle , Buszkiewic Susan
Published: August 2021

Background

When patients with COVID-19 began presenting to hospitals in early 2020, medical professionals were unprepared to handle the severity of disease and the number of severely ill patients.

Local Problem

In response to critical needs of patients with COVID-19 and the threat of nurse burnout, a special operations team comprising physical and occupational therapists was convened to (1) provide help to intensive care unit nurses, (2) help therapists be productive, and (3) use therapists’ specialties for critical patients.

Methods

Two therapists teamed up each shift to work with every critical patient with COVID-19, performing numerous nursing and therapy activities. Activity frequency was documented by the therapists daily, and duration was estimated and data were summarized by nursing leadership.

Results

During the 9-week program, 35 critical patients with COVID-19 were included in the special operations program. During the program, the teams performed 10 activities, including prone positioning, turning, and mobilization, 1937 times with the patients with COVID-19. The partnership saved between 5 and 40 minutes of intensive care nurse time per activity, which resulted in a total of 677.2 hours of nursing time saved.

Discussion

Implementation of the special operations program had a positive impact on patients, nurses, and therapists. Patients benefited both clinically and socially from additional time with special operations teams. Nurses benefited from having help caring for critical patients, and therapists benefited from increased productivity during redeployment.

Conclusion

Deployment of nonnursing clinical staff could be an effective strategy to leverage available resources while maintaining clinical standards of care and reducing nursing burden during a pandemic or crisis surge.
Sjögren syndrome diagnosis in a cohort of patients with breast cancer: a single-center experience
Authors: Melillo Nadia , Landriscina Matteo , Trotta Antonello , Sciacca Stefania , Cantatore Francesco Paolo
Published: August 2021

The association between estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (BC) and autoimmune disorders has been recently recognized. In particular exposure to aromatase inhibitors is associated with a significant increased risk of rheumatological autoimmune disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate Sjögren syndrome (SjS) occurrence in patients with ER-positive BC. This is a prospective study analyzing 110 consecutive patients with ER-positive BC treated with anti-hormonal therapy. New 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League against Rheumatism (ACR-EULAR) classification criteria were used to identify patients with SjS. Ultrasonography of salivary glands (SG) was used to screen patients with negative disease biomarkers, to candidate them to SGs biopsy. Sicca syndrome was detected in 51 patients (46%), whereas a true primary SjS was diagnosed in 11 patients (10%). Even if the evaluation of incidence and prevalence of primary SjS vary widely, to the best of our knowledge, the data from the present study emphasize a previously unsuspected high prevalence of defined pSjS that causes BC sicca symptoms complaints. Hypothesis, explanation of this link and even possible biases are discussed.
Super-resolution study of PIAS SUMO E3-ligases in hippocampal and cortical neurons
Authors: Conz Andrea , Musi Clara Alice , Russo Luca , Borsello Tiziana , Colnaghi Luca
Published: August 2021

The SUMOylation machinery is a regulator of neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity. It is composed of SUMO isoforms and specialized enzymes named E1, E2 and E3 SUMO ligases. Recent studies have highlighted how SUMO isoforms and E2 enzymes localize with synaptic markers to support previous functional studies but less information is available on E3 ligases. PIAS proteins - belonging to the protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) SUMO E3-ligase family - are the best-characterized SUMO E3-ligases and have been linked to the formation of spatial memory in rodents. Whether however they exert their function co-localizing with synaptic markers is still unclear. In this study, we applied for the first time structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to PIAS ligases to investigate the co-localization of PIAS1 and PIAS3 with synaptic markers in hippocampal and cortical murine neurons. The results indicate partial co-localization of PIAS1 and PIAS3 with synaptic markers in hippocampal neurons and much rarer occurrence in cortical neurons. This is in line with previous super-resolution reports describing the co-localization with synaptic markers of other components of the SUMOylation machinery.
The relevance of social dreaming for action research: exploring jail workers’ unconscious thinking of the changes in the prison organization
Authors: Borghi Lidia , Cassardo Claudio , Mingarelli Elisa , Vegni Elena
Published: August 2021

The contribution focuses on how dreams can be investigated as social phenomena in a manner which illuminates the role of the individual in a particular group and elucidates unconscious group processes in an organization. The article presents an experience of adopting Lawrence’s social dreaming (SD) matrices in a new a specific field: an Italian prison which has shifted in the last two decades from a punitive to a rehabilitative mission. The aim of the experience was twofold: i) to help jail workers, through a formative experience, gaining a deeper understanding of how the new prison environment influences their emotional experience and work functioning; ii) to collect the emotional climate, the feelings, and the critical issues among the prison staff, in order to gain insights for the authorities responsible for the regulation of correctional facility. The experience of SD included 4 matrices, involving a total of 12 participants: 7 prison officers and 5 educators. The main thematic areas emerged from the matrices are related to: trust, competence, professional identity, separateness and privacy, safety, and to the gender differences. All the themes are presented and discussed, along with dreams and free associations. The present work is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to apply the tool of social dreaming to the context of correctional facility all over the world. The described experience might serve as an example of the applicability of this mode of analytic exploration to institutions or organizations, and the contribution opens to reflection and some implications.
Dreaming the unrepressed unconscious and beyond: repression vs dissociation in the oneiric functioning of severe patients
Authors: Scalabrini Andrea , Mucci Clara , Esposito Rosy
Published: August 2021

Starting with Freud and Jung, dreams have always been considered a core source of information for psychoanalysis. Nowadays, neuroscientific findings suggest that dreams are related especially to limbic and right emotional brain circuit, and that during REM stages they engage self-related and visual internally generated processing. These neuroscientific findings together with contemporary psychoanalysis suggest that dreams are related to the sense of self and serve the purpose of re-integrating and re-structuring the integrity of the psyche. However, while dreams are still viewed as ‘the via regia to the unconscious’, it is the unconscious that has been reconsidered. The repressed unconscious seems to be related with left brain activity while the unrepressed unconscious based on dissociation seems to be associated with limbic and cortical areas of the right hemisphere. This notion of the unconscious might be seen as an implicit self-system encoded in the right brain that evolves in the interaction with a primary caregiver developing through preverbal and bodily stages of maturation enhanced by signals of dual communication. What kind of dreams for which unconscious? What are the differences regarding the capacity to dream for neurotic and borderline personality organizations? Our research aims to integrate psychodynamics, infant research, and neuroscientific findings to better understand the role of dreams in the assessment and treatment of, especially, traumatized and borderline patients. The capacity to dream is here proposed as a sort of enacted manifestation of emotional memories for the development of a more cohesive, coherent and symbolic vs fragmented, diffuse and alexithymic sense of self.
Fourth report on structural provinces, orogenies, and time-classification of rocks of the Canadian Precambrian Shield
Authors: Stockwell C H
Published: August 2021

The three previous progress reports (Stockwell 1961, 1963a, 1963b) summarized results up to the end of 1962. The present report adds results of work done since that time. A minor change has been made in the boundary of the Slave province, an additional orogeny
has been added to the previous three, a new time-stratigraphic nomenclature is suggested in place of the cumbersome terminology of Lower, Middle, and Upper Proterozoic and their subdivisions, a few additional rock units have been placed in the time-stratigraphic classification, and new data
pertaining to anomalous ages across the Grenville front are discussed.
Characterization of long-lived radioactive dust in uranium mill operations
Authors: Bigu J , Duport P
Published: August 2021

The characteristics of long-lived radioactive dust clouds generated in several mechanical and physico-chemical operations in a uranium mill have been investigated. The study consisted of the determination of dust size distribution, and of the size distribution of
radionuclides associated with particulate matter in the size range <0.1 to 26 micrometres. Experiments were conducted using two different types of cascade impactors operating at different sampling flow rates. Radionuclide identification was done using alpha-spectrometry. Long-lived and
short-lived radionuclides were identified in dust samples. The characteristics of the dust clouds depended on the mill operation. The following operations were studied: crushing (vibrating grizzly, jaw crusher, cone crusher); screening; ore transportation; grinding; acid leaching; counter-current
decantation; yellowcake precipitation and drying; and yellowcake packaging. In addition, other dust and radioactivity measurements have been carried out.
An overview of mining research in Canada - the past, the present, and future needs
Authors: Udd J E
Published: August 2021

During the past decade there has been a tremendous change not only in the amount of mining research in Canada, but also in the ways in which it is organized and conducted. Research has moved from the laboratory into the mine. Industry has come together in order
to bring its research and development needs into focus. Industry, academe and government has begun to work together on a very large scale.
In this paper, a review is made of the shape of mining research in the past, the present status, and research needs and opportunities in the next decade.
GIS Based Analysis of Agroclimate Land Suitability for Banana Plants in Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nuarsa I Wayan , Dibia I Nyoman , Wikantika Ketut , Suwardhi Deni , Rai I Nyoman
Published: August 2021

The need for bananas in Bali far exceeds the production. To obtain optimal production according to their genetic potential, the development of banana cultivation should be preceded by a land suitability evaluation study. This study aims to evaluate the land suitability based on agroecological parameters such as rainfall, altitude, dry month, slope, and considering current land use. The results showed that 257.467 ha or 46.16% of the area of Bali Province has the potential to be planted with bananas. Buleleng Regency has the widest area for the development of banana plants, followed by Karangasem, Tabanan, Jembrana and Bangli. Denpasar town has the smallest suitable area. Based on the observed agroclimate parameters, slope is the most severe limiting factor in banana cultivation, while rainfall, altitude, and dry months are not significant limiting factors. Recommended land use for the development of banana plants is garden, grass, rain-fed rice field, scrub, bare land, and moor.
Analysis of The Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758) Habitat in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java
Authors: Hernowo Jarwadi Budi , Kusmana Cecep , Alikodra Hadi Sukadi , Mardiastuti Ani
Published: August 2021

Information of javan green peafowl habitat is commontly informate as general and only discribing typical habitat used. Details information and data of the componen habitat, availability and function such as (food resources, shelter, cover, drinking site, nesting site, etc), and characteristic function of habitat componen at every habitat type are very important to be known how habitat component support to the javan green peafowl live Baluran and Alas Purwo national park is one of distribution javan green peafowl and it was choosen to study on the habitat analysis. The research was aimed to is to analysis and synthesis of availability, fucntion and characteristic habitat of javan green peafowl and to descripbe of ideal habitat for javan green peafowl. Vegetation analysis was used as method approach to obtain composition, structure of vegetation and potential food, shelter, cover and nesting site. Base on activities of the bird and combaining with use of habitat component, analysis of habitat used was done. The result showed that javan green peafowl get food at open area and feed much on grasses and shrubs.Drinking site is areal where water available contiously. The characteristic of feeding site is open area which is growth by grasses and shrubs. The shelter sites were used by the birds such as trees or ground bellow trees where are closed to feeding site. Characteristic roosting site is tall trees (emergent trees), the leaves are not dense, rather open, the branches of the trees form a relatively upright angle to the stem, and not far from the trees present the open area. The green peafowl select nest places at open area which is grow by shrubs and put the eggs at the ground. The ideally habitat of the javan green peafowl composed by open area which is growing by grasses and shrubs as feeding site, places where water resources available as drinking site, tree or shaded places as sheltering and resting site, tree, forest or dense shrubs for covering/refuge site, dust places for dusting activities, open area for dancing and open area which is growing by shrubs for nested places were compound closed each other.
Optimization of Cellulase Production by Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74 with Bagasse as Substrate using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Hamid Hamid , Christwardana Marcelinus , Hadiyanto H.
Published: August 2021

Cellulase is a very important enzyme for lignocelluloses based ethanol production. Bagasse contains mainly cellulose (57.76%), hemicellulose (12.44%), lignin (21.34%), and others (7.96%). Lignocellulosic material has been considered as the good option for cellulase production because it is cheap and already available in a huge amount. The objective of this research was to produce cellulase enzyme and to optimize it by using response surface methodology. The bagasse with water content of 80% was incubated with 2 ml inoculum of Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74 in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask. After reaching the specified time the enzyme was extracted and then determined for its activity. Effect of process parameters such as pH, urea and MgCl2 addition were studied. The optimal cellulase activity was achieved at urea concentration of 4.5% (w/w), MgCl2 concentration of 1 mM and pH of 3.5, with maximum enzyme activity was 0.630 U/gr.
Ontogenetic Allometry of Body Height and Body Mass of Girl in Baduy, Indonesia
Authors: Rohmatullayaly Eneng Nunuz , Hartana Alex , Hamada Yuzuru , Suryobroto Bambang
Published: August 2021

Several small-scale populations exhibited phenotypic plasticity whereby growth spurt of body height occurred much earlier than age at menarche and this was not followed by same early spurt of body weight. This leads to question whether growth trajectory of stature follow the same growth trajectory of body mass and whether the trajectory itself is associated to sexual maturity. We evaluated developmental plasticity observed in Baduy girl, a traditional population in Indonesia, in facing strenuous environmental and biocultural conditions. We measured stature and body mass cross-sectionally. We determined age at menarche as population average of age of girls that had already got their first menstruation. Growths of body fat and weight followed a same mode and timing and their spurts pivoted on the age at menarche. In contrast, growth spurt of body height occurred four years earlier than menarche and velocity curve of body linearity progressed in opposite direction to that of body ponderality. The prevailing poor nutrition and high physical activity elicited principle of ontogenetic allometry to synchronize the acceleration and deceleration of growths in body linearity and ponderality whereby growth in body height functions to reach the body size target and to provide skeletal framework for development of body mass. The biocultural conditions lead to slow bodily growth rate with low spurt resulting in the characteristics of Baduy girl that was small in size and late in both sexual maturity and full-grown ages.
Biofungicide Producing Bacteria: an In Vitro Inhibitor of Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Irma Ade , Meryandini Anja , Rupaedah Bedah
Published: August 2021

Oil palm is widely known as one of vegetable oil sources and the main comodity in Indonesian agriculture because of the benefits in non-food and food industries. Ganoderma boninense attack results in considerable losses to agriculture. Chemical control creates a harmful effect on health and the environment. Biocontrol is required to take over the function of chemical control. This study aimed to select bacteria that produce bioactive compounds as biofungicide against G. boninense pathogenic fungi and identify bacteria producing biofungicide using molecular method. The stages of bacterial isolate selection were performed through the selected hemolysis and isolate tests in the antagonistic test. Bacteria were extracted using ethyl acetate and their extract activity were tested. Analysis of bioactive compounds was conducted using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the identification was based on 16S rRNA gene. The result of bacterial pathogenic test was obtained from two selected bacterial isolates namely 11B LB and 11B MD. Both bacterial isolates showed antagonistic effects by forming an inhibitory zone against G. boninense growth with percentage of inhibitor of 81 and 75%. Activity test of bacterial extract showed that crude extract of bacterial isolate 11B MD had the highest inhibitor activity that is 88.34%. TLC analysis proved that the active extract of bacteria containing metabolite compounds had Rf value of 0.1, 0.28, and 0.38. Isolate bacteria 11B MD was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The Side Effect of the Melastoma malabathricum L Ethanol Extract on the Gonad Maturation of Female Orange Mud Crab (Scylla olivacea)
Authors: Farizah Nuril , Zairin JR Muhammad , Darusman Latifah Kosim , Boediono Arief , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus
Published: August 2021

The medicinal plants in aquaculture are currently being studied quite extensively by researchers. Medicinal plants can act as an inducer or aphrodisiac and an antifertility agent in gonad maturation. The aimed of the experiment was to known side effects of the herb M. malabathricum L. on maturation process in female mud crab (S. olivacea). This study used 40 crabs with an average weight of 200-250g. The experiment consists of two treatment groups. The controls group (A) that received 100 μl of aquadest and group treatment (B) received 100 μl of 2 mg/g of ethanol extract M. malabathricum L. were studied. For 5, 10, 15, and 20 days of experiment, crabs were anesthetized and sacrified. The ovary was collect for GSI and histology. The end of experiment days (20 day), the hemolymph was collect to used ELISA assay. The result showed, significant differences in treatment group and control groups (p<0.05) in terms the macroscopic morphology of ovary, the mean GSI and the diameter of oocytes. Histological showed the influence of extract M. malabathricum L. on inhibited the ovary development compared with the control groups. Based on this results, it is concluded that ethanol extract of M. malabathricum L. leaves at a dose of 2 mg/g act as an antifertility agent for ovary maturation of S. olivacea.
Distribution of Ammonium-Oxidizing Bacteria in Sediment with Relation to Water Quality at the Musi River, Indonesia
Authors: Melki Melki , Isnansetyo Alim , Widada Jaka , Murwantoko Murwantoko
Published: August 2021

The Musi River is located in the southern Sumatra, Indonesia. Most of activities, i.e. agricultural, industrial, and urban activities are considered as being major sources of chemicals and nutrients with their waste products effluent into the river. Nitrification, the microbial oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and nitrate, occurs in a wide variety of environments and naturally remove anthropogenic N pollution. The purpose of this research was to determine of distribution of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in sediment with relation to water quality at the Musi river area. This study was conducted on rainy and dry season 2016 at five sampling sites from the freshwater to seawater at high and low tide conditions, the sampling sites are station St1 (Gandus), station St2 (Palembang city), station St3 (Upang), station St4 (Sungsang), and station St5 (Sea). Sediment samples were collected from the surface layer by using an Ekman grab. Some water quality such as salinity, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were directly analyzed in the field, while other water quality such as NH4-N, NO2-N, and NO3-N were analyzed in the laboratory. The Density of AOB was determined by the most probable number of (MPN) method. The PCA was used to correlate variations of the AOB with physicochemical properties using software Xlstat. The results showed that the physicochemical properties had a range of salinity of 0 to 20 ppt, temperature of 29.21 to 31.82oC, pH of 4.88 to 7.93, DO of 3.44 to 11.33 mg/l, NH4-N in sediment of 0.04 to 0.87 mg/l, NO2-N in sediment of 0.01 to 1.77 mg/l, NO3-N in sediment of 0.09 to 2.08 mg/l. The density of AOB ranged from 7.2 x 102 to 6.1 x 103 cells/g sediment. Principal component analyses showed that temperature, pH, DO, and concentrations of nutrient contributed to density of AOB.
Ground Vegetation Diversity on Different Type of Riverbank Along Ciliwung River in Bogor City, West Java
Authors: Mosyaftiani Amarizni , Kaswanto Kaswanto , Arifin Hadi Susilo
Published: August 2021

Ciliwung riverbank has been affected by settlement occupation. Both concrete and another retaining wall system have been built to avoid flood and erosion to the settlement that has existed adjacent to the river. Built environment as human disturbance can trigger the change of species richness of ground vegetation in the Ciliwung riverbank of Bogor City. The research objective is to study the difference of ground vegetation biodiversity in three different types of riverbank based on its condition: natural, semi-natural, and constructed riverbanks. Point method and photographic sampling are used. Five replications of a square metre plot at three transects were placed at four sites sampling along 250 m each from the three different types of riverbank. Images of the plots are trained using sample point to overcome the difficulties in the field observation and statistical analysis. The result discovered that species richness in the natural riverbank is significantly higher than in semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Yet, no significance of species richness is shown between semi-natural and constructed riverbank. Total species of ground vegetation that we found were 55 species. Each different type of riverbank has its own highest species coverage: Asystasia nemorum (55.00%) in the natural riverbank, Pilea nummulariifolia (33.07%) in the semi-natural riverbank, and Pogonatherum crinitum (52.80%) in the constructed riverbank. The study concluded that the construction in the riverbank largely altered the biodiversity of ground vegetation in the urban riverbank. The outcomes suggest that the remnant of natural riverbank in the urban landscape should be highly protected from urban development to preserve its biodiversity. Also, species found could be potentially developed as landscape plants to support urban river planning, design, and management.