bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación in vivo del efecto genotóxico y citotóxico de los extractos acuosos de dos variedades mutantes de Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Authors: Segovia Corrales Edith Alba , Paredes Branda Kristha Noemí , González María Caridad , Nakayama Nakashima Héctor David
Published: April 2021

El Hibiscus sabdariffa (flor de Jamaica, grosella o rosella), conocida además como rosa piola en Paraguay, tiene uso medicinal en gran parte del mundo; en Paraguay se utiliza como antiescorbútico, mientras que en otros países se utiliza como antihipertensivo, antiespasmódico o como agente antimicrobiano, entre otros usos. La radiación gamma es utilizada para la obtención de variedades mejoradas de diferentes especies vegetales; las variedades de grosella ANA DELIA y DOGO fueron obtenidas por irradiación Gamma como parte del programa de mejoramiento genético del INCA. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto genotóxico y citotóxico del extracto acuoso de cálices de ambas variedades de grosella sobre células de médula ósea de ratones tratados con 3 concentraciones de cada extracto, vía oral, durante 15 días. El efecto genotóxico fue evaluado mediante la aplicación del ensayo de Micronúcleos. El efecto citotóxico se verifica por el índice obtenido entre la frecuencia de Eritrocitos Policromáticos (eritrocitos jóvenes) y la frecuencia de Eritrocitos Normocromáticos (eritrocitos adultos). Los resultados mostraron que los extractos evaluados, en las concentraciones utilizadas, no tienen un efecto genotóxico o citotóxico en células de médula ósea de ratones tratados por 15 días con los mismos.
Eficiencia del uso de abonos verdes y urea en el cultivo de maíz de valles altos: abonos verdes en maíz
Authors: Cartagena Ayala Yamil
Published: April 2021

En la actualidad, la agricultura es cada vez más dependiente de fertilizantes nitrogenados por la necesidad de producir más para satisfacer la gran demanda de alimentos en el mundo. En este sentido, la incorporación de abonos verdes puede ayudar a aumentar la bio-disponibilidad de Nitrógeno (N), elemento fundamental para el desarrollo de las plantas. El grado de aprovechamiento de N, o eficiencia del fertilizante aportado al suelo se puede medir utilizando el método convencional (diferencial) y el isotópico (15N). En este contexto, se implementó esta investigación para evaluar mediante el método convencional la eficiencia agronómica de la incorporación al suelo de abono verde de: chocho (Lupinus mutabilis), vicia (Vicia sp.) y avena (Avena sativa); con cinco niveles de nitrógeno (0, 45, 90, 135 y 180 kg ha-1) sobre la biomasa (forraje) y el rendimiento de grano de maíz de valles altos. Adicionalmente, mediante el método isotópico 15N se evaluó la eficiencia de recuperación del N con la incorporación de los abonos verdes y la aplicación de N en tres momentos: a la siembra, a los 45 y 75 días después de la siembra (dds). En ambos experimentos se utilizó un diseño experimental de parcela dividida, donde en la parcela grande correspondió al cultivo incorporado al suelo y en las parcelas pequeñas los niveles o tiempo de aplicación del nitrógeno, con tres repeticiones. La incorporación de abonos verdes no produjo ningún efecto significativo sobre el rendimiento de maíz, excepto en el ensayo isotópico, donde la incorporación de chocho incrementó significativamente la producción de follaje a 22,69 t ha-1. El mayor rendimiento de grano de maíz (6,76 t ha-1) se obtuvo con la dosis de 135 kg ha-1 de nitrógeno, diferenciándose estadísticamente de la dosis de 0 y 45 t ha-1. El método isotópico con el uso de 15N permitió diferenciar los niveles de adsorción de nitrógeno entre las épocas de aplicación, observándose que la mayor adsorción de este elemento y la mayor eficiencia de la fertilización nitrogenada se obtuvo a los 75 dds (V6-V7). Estos resultados demuestran la importancia de las técnicas isotópicas para estudios de nutrición vegetal y permitirá ajustar las recomendaciones de fertilización nitrogenada para el cultivo de maíz de la sierra del Ecuador.
Operating at High TemperaturesContribution to the Magneto-Thermal Modeling of SRM Operating at High Temperatures
Authors: Alitouche Karim , Menana Hocine , Khalfi Jihane , Takorabet Noureddine , Saou Rachid
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we present a simplified magneto-thermal modeling strategy for switched reluctance electrical machines (SRM) operating at high temperatures. In addition to the magnetic non-linearity, the variations of the electromagnetic and thermal properties of materials with the temperature are taken also into account. The rapidity of the proposed approach makes it compatible with a CAD approach.
Effect on Human Body of the Magnetic Field Induced by the High Voltage Transmission Line
Authors: Boumous Samira , Guettaf Nacereddine , Hamel Amina , Lariche Ilham , Nouri Hamou
Published: April 2021

The quality of electrical energy and the fight against energy losses are a crucial issue for electricity companies. The use of high voltage lines can limit energy losses for the transmission of electricity over long distances. But this solution has the disadvantage of the propagation of the electromagnetic wave which has a great influence on human health. The work presented in this study mainly deals with modelling problems that may be encountered by the community working in the field of low frequency electromagnetic fields. In order to model a power line, we are based on geometric data as well as phase and earth conductor data.
Study of Community Based Tourism in the District West Java
Authors: Juliana  , Parani Rizaldi , Sitorus Nova Irene Bernedeta , Pramono Rudy , Maleachi Sandra
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine on how the concept of community based tourism is applied in several tourist villages in West Bandung Regency. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study concept. Data collection techniques used in the study were observation, in-depth interviews, literature study and documentation. The conclusions of this study are: Cibodas Village has been running and feeling the impact of community-based tourism and can be an example for other tourist villages in West Bandung Regency. The community of Sunten Jaya Village has not been active in managing tourism activity, this village has the potential to develop community-based tourism with serious assistance and support from the government. Cihanjuang Rahayu Village also has good potential to be developed with the concept of community-based tourism but assistance is still needed to be more focused on improving accessibility and tourism support facilities. Rende Village, there are some issues that need to be addressed in this village related to tourism management, community involvement and village managers where previously there was an assistance but it did not work well. This village needs to be considered and actively assisted if it is to be developed into a tourist village.
Energy Optimization and Environmental Impact of an Office Building at Biskra City, Algeria: Life Cycle Assessment, Applied to the Building Envelope in Hot and Dry Climate
Authors: Dakhia Azzedine , Zemmouri Noureddine
Published: April 2021

This work assesses the environmental impact generated by an office building in arid region throughout its life cycle (cradle to grave), by means of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). This study focuses on a comparison of different external wall systems that are conventionally used in building. With recycled materials and thermal insulation system, it’s possible to reduce demand of energy consumption, evaluate their environmental indicators impacts, and also reduce them, throughout the building life cycle. In doing so, this work can contribute not only to control energy, long-term economic growth, but also to address pressing social issues, and mainly environmental impacts. We use an environmental analysis with a thermal dynamic simulation, to test the hypothesis on a data base of hot and dry climate of Biskra city. The last part consists of a technical approach, indicating the economy is the use of ecological and recycled materials. The results of this study show that the exterior insulation system, obtained the best environmental scores, being 30% less than the interior insulation system and 50% less than the distributed insulation system. Also, recycled materials save energy in their manufacture, and building energy consumption for its use and have a reduced building impact on the environment throughout its life cycle (cradle to grave). This work shows how LCA application is not only feasible, but recommended because it is a decision support tool in the search for sustainability and make use of recycled materials.
Exploring Transnational Advocacy Networks for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Vizzoto Andrieli Diniz , de Souza Verschoore Jorge Renato , Gavronski Iuri
Published: April 2021

This study aims to explore papers and assess how they have been addressing TAN features to understand better and explore a structure for the effectiveness of transnational advocacy networks (TANs) for environmental sustainability. Based on data collected, papers on the thematic of transnational advocacy networks for the environment were selected and explored to understand better what features are shown and under what light. Transnational advocacy networks for environmental issues are common in the literature, as the topic draws the attention of nongovernmental organizations. Many of the papers explore at least one of three pillars among the results, and frequently more than one is brought up into theoretical and empirical discussion. These results highlight specific features among each of the characteristics, building a framework so that TANs may have a path to structure their activities to achieve their goals more effectively. Further studies may advance this knowledge in practice. This study seeks to contribute to the existing literature from a theoretical perspective, integrating and exploring the dimensions of transnational advocacy networks and considering a possible structure to improve their results.
Study on Quality Evaluation of Taiwan's B&B Based on Content Analysis Method and Its Implications
Authors: Tan Chunxia
Published: April 2021

Taiwan has been nearly 40 years of history in developing B&B, and has accumulated rich experience in B&B development and management. While B&B history is much shorter in mainland China, there is a gap of industry matureness between two sides. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for the development of B&B in mainland China to systematically discuss the quality of B&B in Taiwan. This study extracted 24 B&B cases in Taiwan from Agoda website, based on stratified sampling method, and classified and assigned values according to the quality evaluation index and coding standard with content analysis method. Finally, the paper obtained the key factors of the quality of the B&B based on the evaluation of indicators at all levels, and got the correlation analysis results: cost performance and fitment time are positively correlated to the quality of the B&B while guestroom number is negatively correlated to the quality of the B&B.
Considerations in the Methodology for the Technical-Environmental Viability of Sanitary Landfills in Rural Communities. Northern Case of the Province of Santa Elena, Ecuador
Authors: Morante-Carballo Fernando , Apolo-Masache Boris , Carrión-Mero Paúl , Cedeño Bolívar , Montalvan-Toala Javier
Published: April 2021

This research focuses on providing a solution to rural sectors' problems regarding solid waste management and final disposal. It considered the Sanitary Landfill (SL) technical-environmental viability for rural communities in the north of Santa Elena-Ecuador. The objective is to propose a methodology for evaluating a sanitary landfill's technical-environmental viability, considering a Key Factors Matrix (KFM) for the possibility of its application in rural communities. The proposed methodology is based on: i) identification of preliminary and field data for assessment of the sector through the KFM, and ii) determination of the technical-environmental viability of an SL according to the aspects considered. The KFM allowed the Ayangue commune to be chosen for the location of the SL under certain precautions. Given this sector's tourist influence, solid waste accumulates 40 tons per day from the ninth year on. Therefore, it is recommended to bear in mind a possible restructuring of the SL, from a semi-mechanized system to a fully mechanized one.
Socio-political and civil activity of young people: Between massification and individualization
Authors:   State Academic University for the Humanities, Popova Svetlana Yu. , Selezneva Antonina V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the study presented in the article is a theoretical analysis of socio-political and civic activity of young people in the context of processes of individualization and massification as contradictory but interdependent trends in the development of modern society. The relevance of the study is supported by the need for scientific understanding of conditions under which the formation of social and political subjectivity of young people and their choice of these types of activity take place. We presented data of the theoretical analysis of the “social activity” concept with a particular focus on its psychological structure, namely on the cognitive, emotional, motivational, reflexive, volitional and behavioral (activity) components. We substantively described determinants of the socio-political and civic activity of young people, to which we attributed internal psychological (consciousness and self-awareness of the individual, interests and motivation) and external socio-political factors (internal and external political, socio-cultural, informational and communicative context of life). It is shown that the study of modern young people’s activity presupposes inclusion of the subject field of the parameters of personal and social responsibility and the conscious choice of an individual between passionarity and desubjectivity into the scientific analysis. The applied aspect of the problem under study can be used as a tool for development of socially active young people who are focused on constructive interaction with the state, business, and society as a whole.
Expert assessment method in studying the problem of forming a positive attitude to life in a family with a special child
Authors:   Institute of Childhood of State Pedagogical University, Demakova Irina D.
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, the issues of organizing upbringing and education of a special child are acquiring particular relevance, which is undoubtedly an important factor in the development of institution of education in our country. The purpose of the study is to find effective methods for studying the problems of forming a positive attitude to life in a family with a special child. The idea of the study is to show parents the importance of the problem of forming a positive attitude to life in a family with a special child and of helping their children to live a happy, fulfilling life. The study gives a detailed description of fostering “positive attitude to life” in special children through humane upbringing by parents, teachers and adults. During the study of the above-mentioned problem, we used various empirical methods: observation, conversation, study of documentation and archival materials, analysis of best practices, pedagogical skills, pedagogical innovations, findings and discoveries, analysis of texts, photos and videos, case study. While choosing methods, it was important for us that empirical research would be based not on literary data and scientific concepts, but rather on real reliable facts. The main research method was the method of expert assessment. The obtained materials are presented in the form of 4 blocks of questions and answers: “Do you consider the problem of forming a positive attitude to life in a family with a special child to be an urgent problem?”; “Do you believe that a special child’s positive attitude to life can be formed within the family?”; “Do you think that under modern conditions fostering a positive attitude of a child to life is perceived by parents as a pressing problem?”; “Who, in your opinion, can become a family partner in fostering positive attitude to life in a special child?”
Report on the International scientific and practical online conference “Ecological art therapy: International and cultural prospects”
Authors:   St. Petersburg Academy of Post-Graduate Pedagogical Education, Kopytin Alexander I.
Published: April 2021

The article reports on the first international scientific and practical conference on ecological art therapy. The conference has an interdisciplinary character and reflects active development of the ecological direction in art therapy in its close connection with the ecology movement, ecotherapy, ecopsychology, environmental education (education for sustainable development) and “green” art. The report reflects the current state and development objectives of this innovative approach, which has significant potential for preserving health of the population, developing ecological culture and ecological awareness in close connection with the problem of preserving well-being of the environment.
“The Economy, Stupid”: Notes on a Continuing Conversation
Authors: Ginsburg Tom
Published: April 2021

Roberto Gargarella siempre ha colocado la distribución del acceso al poder político y económico en el centro del análisis. Este artículo se centra en su argumento de que la participación podría mejorar la desigualdad material. Sostiene que la desigualdad puede ser enfrentada directa o indirectamente y que, a veces, la participación no es el mejor mecanismo para abordar la desigualdad. El artículo utiliza estudios de caso sobre Japón y Filipinas para ilustrar su argumento.
El liberalismo según Gargarella: tradición, hegemonía y crítica
Authors: Andrade Moreno Marcos
Published: April 2021

El artículo presenta una crítica al espacio conceptual que Gargarella reclama para su pensamiento: un socialismo republicano que se encuentra a la izquierda del liberalismo igualitarista. Para ello, se cuestionan los rasgos mediante los cuales Gargarella define el liberalismo, los que en su caso son conceptualmente dependientes de las críticas que el republicanismo dirige a la tradición liberal. En el artículo se muestra que la definición de liberalismo de Gargarella la obtiene a costa de una reducción de los tipos de liberalismo a dos grandes grupos, uno conservador y otro igualitario, lo que excluye al liberalismo defendido por el pluralismo de valores. Este último desafía algunos aspectos que resultan relevantes para el socialismo republicano de Gargarella: la democracia deliberativa y sus presupuestos y la idea de un catálogo armonizable de derechos individuales y colectivos.
El constitucionalismo dialógico, la consulta legislativa previa y el caso de Costa Rica
Authors: Ovares Sánchez Carolina
Published: April 2021

El giro dialógico del constitucionalismo o el constitucionalismo dialógico ha introducido novedades con respecto al análisis y práctica del instituto del control judicial de constitucionalidad de las leyes. Es en este marco que se desarrolla el presente artículo. El objetivo consiste en analizar el mecanismo de la consulta previa como un caso de constitucionalismo dialógico. En otras palabras, la cuestión es si este mecanismo tiene o no las características para ser catalogado como un instituto que habilita el diálogo inter-institucional y su vez el diálogo democrático. Este análisis se ejemplificará prestando atención al caso específico de Costa Rica. El estudio es de carácter exploratorio y descriptivo y contribuyó a comprender el uso del mecanismo de la consulta legislativa previa, a la luz de los presupuestos del constitucionalismo dialógico, conforme a la teoría desarrollada por Roberto Gargarella. El análisis propuesto se realiza a partir del estudio de un caso concreto: la cuestión es si la consulta legislativa en el formato costarricense puede circunscribirse a las exigencias normativas del giro dialógico del constitucionalismo. Para resolver esta cuestión será clave considerar el poder formal o de jure del tribunal costarricense y el diseño institucional de Costa Rica, el cual está incrustado en la típica estructura de los frenos y contrapesos.
CPI Special Issue: "Living Stories of Migrancy: Exile, Unconditional Hospitality, and Transnational Citizenships" (Introduction)
Authors: Ng-A-Fook Nicholas , Lee Carol , Oguanobi Hembadoon Iyortyer
Published: April 2021

An introduction to the theme of this special issue of CPI, Living Stories of Migrancy: Exile, Unconditional Hospitality, and Transnational Citizenships and the authors' contributions to it.
Erasure Narrative 1
Authors: Khan Momina
Published: April 2021

Taking the Special Issue's Call for Submissions, the author has erased parts of it in order to juxtapose Living Migrancy with Living Hospitality.
Making the Ancestors Proud:
Authors: Fournillier Janice
Published: April 2021

This article incorporates experimental writing which combines interior monologue written in Trinidadian Creole and Standard English. As importantly, the article explores personal experiences and responses to issues of assessment, promotion and tenure in an American university within the larger context of the relevant literature.
Adjustments
Authors: Lam Michelle
Published: April 2021

This poem is about being a Black immigrant in the cold winter whiteness of Manitoba where it seems no one really cares about the culture and climate clash the immigrant experiences. In creating the poem, Dr.  Lam drew from the transcript of a focus group of newcomers to Brandon, Manitoba.
Erasure Narrative 2
Authors: Khan Momina
Published: April 2021

The second of two poems where the author has taken the Special  Issue's Call for Submissions, erasing parts of it in order to juxtapose Living Migrancy with Living Hospitality.
Wpływ amortyzacji podatkowej oraz bilansowej środków trwałych na wynik finansowy jednostki na przykładzie firmy XYZ
Authors: Królak Daria
Published: April 2021

Zakres artykułu obejmuje część teoretyczną prezentującą rozbieżności między amortyzacją bilansową a podatkową oraz część empiryczną badającą wpływ wyróżnienia amortyzacji bilansowej i podatkowej na wynik finansowy. Autorka przeprowadza analizę na danych zaczerpniętych z firmy XYZ zajmującej się przewozem obiektów wartościowych, która to przy amortyzacji środków trwałych opiera się jedynie na przepisach prawa podatkowego, pomijając tym samym możliwości wynikające z regulacji rachunkowych.
Yenilikçi Üretim Romanı Kızıl Tanker Bağlamında Stahanovizm
Authors: GÜRSOY Yasemin
Published: April 2021

Yeni bir düzen kurma politikası ile hareket eden Sovyet yönetimi, ilk günden itibaren ilerlemenin üretimle olacağının farkındadır. Bu amaçla her alanda üretim normları belirlemekte, sanayileşme ve üretimde yeni yöntemlerin bulunması için çalışanlarına maddi ve manevi desteklerde bulunmaktadır. İlk kez 1935 yılında Aleksey Stahanov tarafından madencilik alanında yeni bir yöntem denenir ve üretim normları on dört kat aşılır. Tüm ülkede duyulan bu rekor, Stahanov’un hayatını derinden etkilerken Sovyet tarihine de yeni bir terimin girmesine neden olur: Stahanovizm. 1930’lu yılların sonunda başlayan yeni yöntemler geliştirilerek normları aşma hareketine, ilk rekortmene ithafen, Stahanovizm, bu şekilde başarı kazanan kişilere ise Stahanovist denilmeye başlanır. Stahanovizmin, Sovyetler Birliği’nin her noktasına ulaşması adına tüm imkanlar kullanılmaktadır. Bunlardan biri de hiç kuşkusuz edebiyattır. Döneme hâkim olan sosyalist realizm akımı bu temayı işlemek adına oldukça uygunken yenilikçi üretim romanı ise konuyu ele almak için elverişli bir türdür. Belirtilen türde üretim ön planda tutulurken bu amaç için atılan adımlar, yeni yöntemler arayan ve başarıya ulaşan alanında profesyonel mühendis, teknisyen, işçi gibi karakterler aracılığıyla verilmektedir. Kendisi de mühendis olan ve edebiyatla uğraşan bir aileden gelen Yuri Krımov için yenilikçi üretim romanında eser vermek kendi biyografisini yazmak gibidir. Kızıl Tanker romanı da yazarın 1935 yılında görev yaptığı gemideki tecrübelerinin bir sonucudur. Bu çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Aleksey Stahanov’un hayat hikayesi ve Stahanovizmin ortaya çıkışı anlatılmaktadır. İkinci bölümde yenilikçi üretim romanı ele alınıp türün özellikleri detaylı olarak açıklanmaktadır. Son bölümde ise Yuri Krımov’un yaşam öyküsüne kısaca değinilmekte, Kızıl Tanker romanı ise detaylı olarak incelenmektedir.
Atatürk’ün Ölümünün Türk Halkı Üzerindeki Tesirleri
Authors: CANSIZ Demet
Published: April 2021

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucu lideri Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 10 Kasım 1938 tarihinde vefat etmiştir. Atatürk’ün ölümü Türk ve dünya basınında geniş bir yankı uyandırmıştır. Gerek Türk basını gerekse dünya basını, Atatürk’ün karakteristik özelliklerine, liderlik vasıflarına, inkılâpçı ve yenilikçi ruhuna vurgu yapan çok sayıda haber ve makale neşretmiştir. Bu çalışmalar ele alınarak yurtdışında ve ülkemizde Atatürk’ün ölümünü konu alan birçok kitap, makale yayınlanmıştır. Literatürdeki mevcut makalelerde Atatürk’ün sağlık durumu, ölümüne ait tüm detaylar, Türkiye’de çeşitli illerde yapılan matem törenleri, Avrupa, Ortadoğu, Balkanlar’daki devlet liderlerinin Atatürk’ün ölümüne verdiği tepkiler, elçilik taziyeleri gibi hususlar incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise, çocuk, genç, yaşlı, kadın, erkek ayırt etmeksizin tüm Türk halkının Atatürk’ün ölümüne karşı duyduğu acı ve bunun gündelik hayata yansımaları ele alınmıştır. Atatürk’ün son günleri, cenaze merasimine ait bazı detaylar ve yabancı ülke temsilciliklerinden gelen taziye mesajlarına kısaca değinilmiştir. Yurt dışında Atatürk hakkında yayınlanan haberlerden bir kısmı okuyucuya sunulmuştur. Atatürk’ün ölümünden sonra devlet eliyle düzenlenen resmi törenler ve programlar, halkın bu programlara ilgisi bilhassa gençlerin farkındalığı vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca Atatürk’ün ölümünden sonra Cumhurbaşkanlığını İsmet İnönü’nün devralışı, bu seçime karşı halkın bakış açısı ve tepkilerinin nasıl olduğu incelenmiştir. Atatürk’ün ölümünün halk üzerinde yarattığı duygusal izlerin yanı sıra, ülkeyi siyasi-sosyal manada nasıl etkilediği gibi hususlara dönemin gazetelerinde yayınlanan haber örnekleri kullanılarak cevap aranmıştır.
Türkçe Öğretmeni Adaylarının Okul Dışı Öğrenme İle İlgili Görüşleri
Authors: USTABULUT Mete Yusuf
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının okul dışı öğrenme ile ilgili görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma modellerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini bir devlet üniversitesinden öğrenim gören Türkçe öğretmeni adayları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada okul dışı öğrenme düzeyi ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerini analiz etmek amacıyla betimsel istatistik analizleri, t-testi, ANOVA analizleri kullanılmıştır. Türkçe öğretmen adayları okul dışı öğrenmede sırasıyla değerlendirme, uygulama, bilgi ve planlama boyutlarında kendilerini özyeterli görmektedirler. Türkçe öğretmeni adayları okul dışı öğrenme için yapılan planlamanın başarı düzeyini belirleyebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenmenin öğrenciye kazandırdığı sosyal becerilerin gerçekleşme düzeyini belirleyebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenmede gerçekleşmeyen hedef davranışları tespit edebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenme ortamında kullanılan araç-gerecin katkısını belirleyebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenme ortamının eğitim hedefine katkısını değerlendirebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenme ortamlarında öğrenciye kazandırılacak eğitimsel davranışın gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediğini kontrol edebileceğini, okul dışı öğrenme ile ilgili uygun ölçme ve değerlendirme yapabileceğini ifade etmektedir. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının okul dışı öğrenme düzeyleri ölçeğinde yer alan maddelere verdikleri cevaplarla cinsiyetleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yaşları, yaşamlarını çoğunu geçirdikleri yer, not ortalamaları, sınıf düzeyleri, yıllık okudukları kitap sayısı ile okul dışı öğrenme ile ilgili görüşleri arasında anlamlı bir ilşkinin olduğu görülmüştür. Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının internette geçirdikleri süre ile okul dışı öğrenme ile ilgili görüşleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur. Okul dışı öğrenme alt boyutları olan bilgi, planlama, uygulama ve değerlendirme arasında yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki vardır.
IV. Murad Zamanında Timar Sisteminde Reform ve İhya Çabaları
Authors: DOĞAN Mehmet
Published: April 2021

Osmanlı timar sistemi; devletin mali, sosyo-ekonomik, zirai, idari ve askeri organizasyonlarının temelini oluşturur. Bu yüzden de devletin iki ana kurumundan biridir, diğeri ise kul sistemidir. XVI. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren değişen şartlar-savaşların uzun sürmesi, ateşli silahların gelişimi, sosyo-ekonomik, idari bazı uygulamalar-timar sisteminde problemlerin çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Osmanlı taşra idaresinin ve kırsal organizasyonun temeli olan bu müessese de bu değişen şartlardan oldukça etkilenmiştir. Sürekli savaşlar sebebiyle elde hazır kıta asker bulundurmak, merkezi kuvvetlerin (kapıkulu) sayısının artmasını mecburi hale getirmiştir. Bu durum, talim ve bir arada bulunmayı gerektirir. Timarlılar ise sefer sona erince, timarlarının bulunduğu bölgeye gitmek zorundadır. Timarlı sipahiler, klasik dönemin savaşçılarıydı. Diğer yandan enflasyon da timar sahiplerinin gelirlerinin azalmasına nedenleri arasındaydı. Bu ifade ettiğimiz değişen şartlar onları olumsuz yönde etkiledi. Bu sebeple, IV. Murad zamanında timar sistemindeki aksaklıkların giderilmesi hususunda bir çabanın sarf edildiğini ve bunun için padişahın ülke genelinde bir timar ve zeamet yoklaması yaptırdığını görmekteyiz. IV. Murad’ın timar sistemi ile ilgili yaptığı düzenleme özellikle idari ve askeri amaca yönelikti. Yoklama da ilk hedef, Abaza Mehmed Paşa’nın başını çektiği taşrada ortaya çıkan isyanların tekrarlanmasını önlemek ve ikinci olarak da Bağdad üzerine yeni bir sefer düzenleyerek Osmanlı ordusunu güçlendirmekti. Kısacası bu reformun amacı, taşradaki karışıklığı düzeltmek ve Bağdad’ı geri almaktı. Nitekim IV. Murad’ın bizzat komuta ettiği ordu Bağdad’ın Osmanlılar tarafından yeniden alınmasını sağladı. Böylelikle ilk olumlu sonuç alındı.
Atatürk Döneminde Kütahya’da Eğitim İstatistiklerinin Analizi
Authors: KUMAŞ Nursal
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada Kütahya ilinin eğitim-öğretim yapısı örgün ve yaygın eğitim kapsamında Atatürk dönemiyle sınırlandırılarak incelendi. Çalışmada özellikle öğrenci, öğretmen, okul ve okur-yazar verileri üzerinde duruldu. Kütahya iliyle ilgili nüfus ve eğitim verileri Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun ve Maarif Vekâleti’nin istatistiklerinden elde edildi. Ayrıca Cumhuriyet Arşivi Belgeleri (BCA), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Salnameleri, CHP’nin yayınladığı istatistik ve talimatnameler ve Kütahya gazetesinden de yararlanıldı. Sayısal veriler tablo ve grafik aracılığıyla metne aktarılıp anlamlandırıldı.

Kütahya ili genelinde 1927 yılında okuma-yazma oranı % 4,95 iken bu oran artış göstererek 1935 yılında % 11,54 oldu. Okuma-yazma oranındaki bu artışa rağmen Kütahya 1927-1935 döneminde Türkiye ortalamalarının altında kaldı. Kütahya ilinde örgün eğitim kurumları olarak anaokulu, ilkokul, ortaokul ve lise bulunmaktaydı. 1923-1924 dönemi itibarıyla il merkezinde ve Uşak ilçesinde birer anaokulunun faaliyet gösterdiği belirlendi. 1927-1928 döneminde il genelinde 124 ilkokul varken 1932-1933 döneminde bu rakam 154’ e çıktı. Dönem içinde Kütahya şehir merkezinde ve Uşak ilçesinde birer ortaokul mevcuttu. Kütahya Lisesi 1933 yılında liseye dönüştürülmesine karşın okulda çıkan yangın nedeniyle eğitim-öğretime ara verildi ve okul faaliyetlerine ancak 1937-1938 öğretim yılında başlayabildi. İl merkezi ve Uşak ilçesinde birer imam hatip okulu vardı. Ayrıca il merkezinde sanayi zirai okulu eğitim-öğretim faaliyetinde bulunmaktaydı. Şehirde yaygın öğretim kapsamında millet mektepleri ve Kütahya Halkevi Halk Dershaneleri ve Kursları Şubesi ön planda gelmekteydi. Simav Halkevi’nin ilgili şubeleri, şehirde yerel düzeyde yayım yapan Kütahya gazetesi ve iki kütüphane eğitim-öğretimi destekler nitelikte faaliyet göstermekteydi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kütahya, Eğitim, Türk Eğitim Tarihi, Cumhuriyet Dönemi
Nurettin Birol, 19. Yüzyılda Erzincan Tanzimat’tan Birinci Dünya Savaşına Kadar (1839-1914), Arı Sanat Yayınları, İstanbul 2020, 268 s., ISBN: 978-625-7018- 10-4
Authors: YANAK Kübra
Published: April 2021

Geçmişi 16.Yüzyıl Avrupası'na kadar giden yerel tarih çalışmaları özellikle 19. Yüzyılda yoğunluk kazanmaya başladı. Konusunu belirli bir mahallin ve burada yaşayan insanların hikayelerinin oluşturduğu yerel tarih ülkemizde de Osmanlı döneminde ilk örneklerini vermiş; Cumhuriyet döneminde de gelişen tarih disiplini çerçevesinde gelişimini devam ettirmiştir.Özellikle, yereli ortaya çıkarma konusunda daha dar kapsamda ele alınan şehir tarihi çalışmaları birçok araştırmacının dikkatini çekmiştir.Bu bağlamda özellikle Osmanlı dönemine ilişkin çalışmaların yoğunluk kazandığı yerel tarih çalışmalarının en zengin örnekleri 19.Yüzyıl ile ilgili olanlardır.Bu dönemde zenginleşen kaynaklar yerel tarih çalışmalarının da artmasına vesile olmuştur.19.Yüzyıl şehir tarihi çalışmaları literatürüne yakın zamanda Erzincan tarihi ile ilgili yeni bir çalışma eklendi.Bu çalışma Nurettin Birol tarafından değişim sürecinin en yoğun olduğu 19.Yüzyıl'da Erzincan şehrini pek çok yönden ele almaktadır.
Do dogs with non-surgically managed cranial cruciate ligament disease have better outcomes with rehabilitation?
Authors: Merickel Joshua , Gordon-Evans Wanda
Published: April 2021

PICO question

In dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease treated non-surgically with rehabilitation, is the outcome inferior/equivalent/superior as measured by owner and/or veterinarian evaluation to dogs treated non-surgically without rehabilitation?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Four papers were critically appraised. One paper reviewed was a prospective, randomised clinical trial. The remaining three papers were retrospective cohort studies

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

There are no studies available that directly compare dogs managed non-surgically with and without rehabilitation following cranial cruciate ligament injury. In one study, 66% of dogs treated non-surgically with rehabilitation are reported to have successful outcomes 1 year following initiation of treatment. For dogs managed non-surgically without rehabilitation, successful outcomes varied from 19%–90% of cases among several retrospective studies

Conclusion

There is evidence suggesting the addition of rehabilitation to conservative therapy is beneficial, but based on the current literature, it is impossible to say whether it is superior to conservative treatment without rehabilitation

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Acceptability of kefir produced by fermentation of Portuguese milk with CIDCA AGK1 grains in a sample of Portuguese consumers
Authors: Alves Emília , Rijo Patricia , Monteiro Rodrigues Luis , Rosado Catarina
Published: April 2021

Fermented foods, such as kefir, tend to be characterized by their unique flavor and aroma. Sensory perception of this type of food or beverage is a key factor for the general consumer acceptance of the product, which can be assessed through sensory tests. Conventional sensory tests include acceptance tests where consumers, not trained panelists, are asked to express their degree of like on a hedonic scale, where the level of acceptability of foods does not require a choice between alternatives. The most commonly used scale for testing consumer acceptability of foods is the 9-point hedonic scale. An average score of 7 or higher on the acceptability test indicates a high sensory quality and represents a good acceptance of the product by the panel. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of a kefir drink in a sample of Portuguese consumers. The acceptability test of the kefir obtained by fermentation of Portuguese milk with CIDCA AGK1 kefir grains was conducted in a group of 19 consumers using a 9-point hedonic scale and produced a mean score of 7.00 ± 1.15, which correlates with a qualitative rating of “Like moderately.” This work is part of an ongoing study, designated DermapBio, conducted by our research center, with an aim to evaluate the benefits of kefir ingestion for cutaneous health.
Corpos fora do lugar
Authors: Granada Daniel , Detoni Priscila Pavan
Published: April 2021

A mobilidade humana é um fenômeno que cada vez mais tem sido notado em função das consequências para a saúde, tanto das populações locais quanto das migrantes em ambos os polos do circuito. Partindo de uma revisão de alguns autores que abordam as patologias associadas aos corpos dos imigrantes, o artigo problematiza as questões relacionadas com as representações sociais das agentes comunitárias de saúde sobre os novos imigrantes haitianos em uma cidade de médio porte no Sul do Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada etnograficamente, por meio de observações participantes, entrevistas, conversas formais e informais com imigrantes, gestores do sistema de saúde e agentes comunitárias de saúde entre 2014 e 2016. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de se qualificar o acolhimento aos imigrantes junto aos serviços de saúde com o objetivo de prevenir possíveis situações de sofrimento e dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde por parte desta população vulnerável.
Changing demographics in Japan's national parks; towards a targeted marketing strategy for nature-based tourists
Authors: Edward Jones Thomas
Published: April 2021

Trends from Japan and other post-industrial countries suggest visitor demand for nature-based tourism (NBT) destinations such as national parks, which rocketed in the post-war period, has peaked and is now in decline. This has adverse implications for funding and natural resource management. One suggested counter strategy is targeted marketing based on commercial techniques, but this relies on accurate knowledge of the market to maintain current segments and attract new ones.This paper employs a ‘market leader’ case study approach to investigate visitors to Kamikochi, a gateway to the North Japan Alps whose long conservation pedigree, and proximity to urban areas, ensures it can fulfil both ‘protection’ and ‘promotion’ criteria. The focus was on the Day Hiker (Dh) segment of visitor demand, deemed desirable from a managerial perspective, because they were shown to stay longer, visit more frequently and have a greater interaction with nature. The aims were to identify the composition of Kamikochi’sDh visitor segment, and cross analyse the results to provide practical information for national park managers. Following on from a 2007 survey, 391 usable semi-structured questionnaires were collected between July 10th and September 10th 2009, from participants in guided tours at Kamikochi, a response rate of 31%. Results show the ‘market leader’ segment consisted of pairs or small groups of well-educated, wealthy ‘baby-boomers’ from Kanto; 55% were aged 50 or over, and 59% came from the greater Tokyo metropolitan area. These KantoDhs tended to be repeat visitors (66.0%) who stayed for 2 nights or more (55.1%), thus surpassing the bench mark set by previous research. However, the results provided a snapshot of visitor demand unbalanced not only by urban area, but also gender, age and income; hence further research is needed to explain the dominance of female, elderly and wealthy visitors. One logical explanation is that these segments are already being targeted by travel agencies, as suggested by the 42% who came to Kamikochi as part of a package tour. If so, then it raises the question of why marketing is being outsourced to travel agencies rather than conducted via joint campaigns that incorporate a range of stakeholders.Thus although the need for targeted marketing is clear, some significant barriers to marketing NBT resources exist, including diverse objectives, mixed land ownership and insufficient funding. Transparent goals, combined with ongoing visitor segment monitoring, are thus two vital steps towards a targeted NBT marketing strategy.
The role of emigrants in the construction of a destination brand: a new research line
Authors: El Aouni Fatimazohra , Cascón-Pereira Rosalía , Hernández-Lara Ana Beatriz
Published: April 2021

Purpose – The main objective of this work consists of proposing a new line of research which consists of exploring the role of emigrants in the construction of their country of origin’s brand. Design and methodology: To justify the need of this new research line we provide arguments by conducting a literature review on destination branding and topics related to migration in tourism. Approach – A proper destination branding may have a bearing on the image of a particular area, attracting visitors, investments, and a greater economic wealth for the region. The relevance of this topic for tourism management explains the interest of research in determining the elements of the brand of touristic destinations and its influence on the tourists’ behaviour. Originality – Scant attention has been paid by the literature on the influence of stakeholders on brand construction at a regional level, and specifically on the influence of emigrant population, that is those people who are living outside their original territories and whose identity might exert an influence on the construction of their country’s brand and attract potential tourists. Findings – This study proposes a conceptual model to understand the role of emigrant population in the construction of their places of origin’s destination brand. This model suggests that social identity processes may affect the way emigrants communicate to locals a brand about their places of origin, contributing therefore to the construction of the brand of their countries.
The regional-local nexus: a landscape-based integral design strategy for sustainable tourism development
Authors: Borsje Jesper , Tak Ruud
Published: April 2021

The purpose – The purpose of this project is to investigate what a landscape architecture approach could add to sustainable tourism development. Design – Spatial design is used as tool to investigate the chances and possibilities of sustainable tourism. Methodology – In the project we used research by design as method. This is done by doing a case study on the Dubrovnik Riviera, where we tested our concepts, ideas and methods in practice. During the case study we used participation, the layer approach of de Hoog and Sijmons (1996) and the landscape approach of Koh (2010) as our main methods. Approach – Using the local landscape and culture as base and inspiration for the development of sustainable tourism. Combined with tourism trends and the input of local stakeholders we worked out a spatial plan. Findings – The landscape including natural and cultural qualities can serve as a perfect base for the development of new forms of sustainable tourism: − A touristic region should function as a system, where all villages are working together adding something unique to the whole system − An efficient extensive public transport network and zoning can help developing a region sustainable − A combination between a bottom-up and top-down approach is needed to implement sustainable tourism, creating preconditions for each other to function optimally. So, we can conclude that a landscape-based design approach gives a significant new insight in how sustainable tourism can be developed in practice. The originality of this research – The landscape architecture approach fills the gap between ideas about sustainable tourism and the practical applicability of it. Using the local landscape and culture sets a sustainable framework for developing sustainable tourism and results in a working tourism system led by the local community. Using landscape architecture in sustainable tourism development is a new, but very interesting and promising addition to the current research and concrete development.
Umbrella branding in tourism – model regions of Istria and Dalmatia
Authors: Krajnović Aleksandra , Bosna Jurica , Jašić Dražen
Published: April 2021

The purpose – The purpose of this paper is to support the thesis that a region represents a key functional and geographical entity which requires branding and development of marketing activities. Its geographical components are tourism clusters that should develop their own identity in cooperation with other clusters, within the region as their umbrella brand. Design – The special focus is given to reviewing the issue of defining boundaries of regions as tourism brands, i.e. discussing what exactly makes the essence, or the essential framework, of a region as a market brand in tourism. The paper also presents the model of geographical and marketing clusterisation of Istria and Dalmatia – the Croatia's regions that are essential for the development of tourism in this country. Methodology – The methodology of the research includes the examples of good practice, analysis of the existing strategic documents of the region Istria and Dalmatia, workshop – creating an original model of region clusterisation in the case of Dalmatia by graduate students of management in the Department of Economics at the University of Zadar and author’s management experience in public management in tourism. Approach – There are particular interests within fragmented basic units of local government – towns and municipalities – aiming to "preserve" the identity of each separate geographical unit, even the smallest one, whereas the marketing trends in the dynamic international tourism market require exactly the opposite. Regions must be the unique spatial and socio-cultural entities featuring an adequate tourism identity which is built as an independent and inherent market brand. That fact is perceived in the light of the forthcoming accession of Croatia into the European Union (1st July 2013) and the exceptionally important process of redefining Croatia's regional administrative-political boundaries, where an appropriate regionalisation is considered as one of the prerequisites for the "correct" and optimal social and economic development in the future. Findings – The problem of defining regional boundaries must be seen as one of the essential issues in defining the region's geographical area as the basis for the development of economy. An appropriate definition of the tourism region as an umbrella brand and its sub-brands – tourism "products", i.e. clusters – presents the starting point for further definition of all management and marketing activities, both at the level of clusters, through individual activities, and at the level of the umbrella brand, through joint, i.e. networked management activities. The originality of this research – The originality of the model consists on the fact that it refers to a relatively wide region (within European context) featuring a rich of natural attractiveness and cultural-historical heritage, whose borders were often altered in the past, and which was, and still is, intersected with a number of administrative-political boundaries.