bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algorithmes et transparence des décisions automatisées
Authors: RONDEAU-ABOULY Véronique
Published: May 2021

Le développement des techniques de traitement automatisés s'impose dans les organisations publiques ou privées, et appelle une nouvelle réflexion éthique pour préserver le principe fondamental du droit de l'Union Européenne qui repose sur le principe de dignité de la personne humaine.
Parce que l'homme n'est pas une «~machine~» parce qu'il est doué de la faculté de penser et de parler en rapport avec ses émotions il doit pouvoir garder la main sur les décisions automatisées qui de plus en plus tendant à lui offrir l'image du monde qu'il observe.
Le RGPD offre notamment par son article 22 qui définit les principes organisationnels de la décision individuelle automatisée de larges potentialités dont le juriste doit construire la «~plasticité~» de l'application car l'automaticité doit être régulée et les possibilités légales existent pour le faire indépendamment des codes de conduite interne des responsables de traitement et du droit souple.
Principios, herramientas e implementación de Lean Construction
Authors:   Universidad EAFIT, Botero Botero Luis Fernando
Published: May 2021

Arquitecto constructor de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, especialista en Gerencia de Empresas de Ingeniería de la Escuela de Ingenieros de Antioquia y magíster en Ciencias de la Administración de la Universidad EAFIT. Su trayectoria profesional inicia en una importante empresa constructora de la ciudad de Medellín donde ocupó diferentes cargos técnicos y administrativos, como residente, director y coordinador de obras, director de proconstrucción y asistente técnico de la gerencia de construcciones. Está vinculado al Departamento de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad EAFIT, donde ha coordinado el grupo de investigación y la especialización en Gestión de la Construcción, realizando paralelamente consultorías en la implementación de Lean Construction con un importante grupo de empresas colombianas y algunas de Panamá y Costa Rica. Autor de diferentes artículos y libros relacionados con la administración de la construcción y la implementación de Lean Construction.
Clinical Scale for Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Sohn Eun Hee , Kim Byoung Joon
Published: May 2021

Neuropathic pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system is underdiagnosed and difficult to treat. Questionnaires based on self-reported symptoms have improved diagnosis and management of neuropathic pain. Visual analog scale and numeric rating scale are most well-known unidimensional pain questionnaires. Multidimensional questionnaire or specialized questionnaire for neuropathic pain are more useful to diagnose neuropathic pain. Screening questionnaires help to identify neuropathic pain easily, and assessment questionnaires make it possible to create phenotypic profiles of neuropathic pain and determine an efficacy of management.
Scales for Spinal Cord Disorders
Authors: Kim Jin-Ah , Kim Sung-Min
Published: May 2021

Clinical scales are important tools for quantitatively evaluating impairments and disabilities related to diseases. Clinical scales are also used in many clinical studies to assess therapeutic effects. Spinal cord disorders cause neurological deterioration, which leads to functional and social disabilities. For many neurological disorders that cause myelopathy, including multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory demyelinating diseases, numerous drugs are being developed and studied for clinical use. Thus, clinical scales for myelopathy are important for both the medical field and general public. This review article describes the clinical scales for myelopathy, especially those that are widely used and established. We expect that this review will help readers choose the scales appropriate for their purposes.
Clinical Scales Used in Motor Neuron Disease
Authors: Oh Seong-il , Park Jin-Sung , Sung Jung-Joon , Kim Seung Hyun
Published: May 2021

Motor neuron diseases (MND) are heterogeneous spectra of disorders that that primarily affect the motor neurons (MN) resulting in motor nerve and muscle degeneration. The pathophysiological mechanisms of MN cell death are known to be combined with disturbance of proteostasis, ribonucleostasis and exaggerated neuro-inflammation. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the prototypic disease of MND followed by spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, spinal muscular atrophy, benign focal amyotrophy and other various diseases. Although diverse spectra of these diseases share common symptoms, significant differences are known in their clinical manifestations and their clinical progression. With increasing number of new clinical trials, the importance of selecting appropriate clinical scales for the monitoring of clinical progression in different types of MNDs should be emphasized. The purpose of this review is to illustrate different types of clinical scales and demonstrate how to utilize these in the clinical research field with consensus. With these efforts, we hope to be ready to understand different kinds of clinical scales in MND in participating global standard clinical trials.
Assessment of intracellular anti-TB activity using auto-luminescent Mtb v1
Authors: Shetye Gauri , Bae Cho Kyung , Franzblau Scott , Cho Chung-Hyun
Published: May 2021

From a drug discovery standpoint, it is important to identify antimycobacterial activity of new compounds against extracellular but also against intracellular (macrophage internalized) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, an in vitro WCBA that evaluates the activities of new compounds against macrophage-internalized Mtb in a concentration and time dependent manner can aid in prioritization for in vivo evaluation. This protocol describes the optimization of the previously established bioluminescence based method for quantifying intracellular activity of some TB drugs against the Mtb within macrophages.
Analysis of Female Masculinity During Wartime in The Night Watch From the Perspective of Gender Performativity
Authors: Wu Lin , Bai Chenyu
Published: May 2021

The novel The Night Watch（2006）by Sarah Waters, a contemporary British novelist, tells the story of four women whose fortunes were intertwined before and after World War II. By Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity, this paper analyzes the wartime female images in the novel. Women’ s wartime drag subverts the binary opposition of people’s presupposed notion about sex and women’ s occupation of men’ job that breaks the fictitious perception of gender opposition; the lesbian love affairs challenge the compulsory heterosexuality. Through the interpretations of the feminist thoughts conveyed by Waters in The Night Watch and Butler’s theory of gender performativity, it can be discovered that the nature of gender identity is actually fictional and can be constructed, reflecting the appeal for gender equality.
On the English Translation of Cultural Image Words in the Poem Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye From the Perspective of Leech’s Conceptual Meaning and Connotative Meaning
Authors: Wang Peng
Published: May 2021

Semantic translation is an important link in the translation process, starting with semantic selection. Among various semantic classification systems, Leech’s seven linguistic meanings are very reasonable and suitable for translation practice, research and teaching. His conceptual meaning and connotative meaning of the seven types of linguistic meanings can provide guidance for the translation of cultural image words, such as cultural image words in the two English versions of Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye.
A Study of English Phonetic Teaching Strategies From the Perspective of Embodied Cognition
Authors: Liu Xinzhu
Published: May 2021

The mastery of language is inseparable from obtaining phonetic knowledge, and forming correct pronunciation is one of the necessary conditions for learning languages. Good English pronunciation can promote the learning of listening and speaking. English phonetic knowledge is so abstract to grasp that in primary schools, combining the characteristics of children’s cognitive development, English teachers should mobilize students’ body and mind to learn together, and construct embodied teaching situation to guide students to form standardized pronunciation gradually through the process of interaction between their body and environment. So that students will lay a solid phonetic foundation for their oral communication in the future, and the comprehensive development of their comprehensive English quality will be promoted.
APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF CRITICAL TOPONYMIES TO STREET NAME CHANGES IN BANDUNG, YOGYAKARTA, AND SURABAYA
Authors: Erikha Fajar
Published: May 2021

From 2017 to 2019, a number of street names were changed in Yogyakarta, Bandung and Surabaya City by each Provincial Government for the purpose of celebrating the reconciliation between the Sundanese (West Java) and the Javanese (Central Java, East Java, and Yogyakarta) after years of dispute due to the infamous Bubat Tragedy which occurred in the 14th century. Some existing street names in Yogyakarta and Surabaya were changed to those associated with Sundanese history, such as Jalan Padjadjaran and Jalan Siliwangi, while some existing street names in Bandung were changed to those associated with Javanese history, such as Jalan Majapahit and Jalan Hayam Wuruk. The author explores this phenomenon using the concept of critical toponymies and examines the connections between naming, place-making, and power underlying such policy. This study found that, although the changes were made with good intentions, in some cases this was actually opposed by several factions within the local community because those changes could obliterate the historical significance and collective memory represented by the previous names. From theoretical perspective, this paper also discussed the successful and unsuccessful changes of street names, as well as their relevance to the current context. In other words, our findings can be taken into consideration in future policy-making process.
Teleological Interpretation of the Category “Exclusive Right”
Authors: Zykov S. V.
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the problem of interpretation of the exclusive right that, contrary to being consolidated as a single category, is formulated differently in relation to different objects of intellectual rights; the powers allocated therein, which constitute (although not exhaustively) its content, also do not coincide in different results of intellectual activity and means of individualization. The use of the teleological interpretation method allows the authors to examine the exclusive right both in the context of the “conflicting right” and the “right to cooperate”, both in statics and in dynamics of legal relations. The purposes for which the exclusive right is normatively formulated are to determine: the rights of a person to his own actions, actions constituting an offense, the subject matter of the contract on granting the right to use the result of intellectual activity and means of individualization. These main objectives may contain additional ones, such as determining the scope of the offence. The normative design of the content of the exclusive right is multilayered and multi-variant, but external contradictions are removed due to teleological interpretation that takes into account the purposes of the legal regulation.
On Causal Relationship in Crimes under Art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Khromov E. V. , Zyablikov A. Yu.
Published: May 2021

The specifics of the causal relationship between road accidents and the resulting negative consequences (serious harm to health, death of a person) have long remained debatable. Doctrinal approaches to the disclosure of causality in transport crimes seem in some cases too theorized or appear to be fragmentary special cases that are not part of a certain system. This situation is due to objective reasons, a variety of types of transport accidents associated with violation of traffic rules. Violations of security requirements by several persons are of increased interest. The law enforcement officer needs clear and applicable rules for assessing the causality of an accident. The analysis of law enforcement practice made it possible to assess the behavior of road users from the moment the danger occurred until the onset of an emergency, to determine the objective and subjective parameters of traffic that are causally related to the consequences that entail the onset of liability under Art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. When classifying the act in accordance with this regulatory provision, the analysis shall include not only the actions of the subjects who created a danger to traffic, but also those who have ignored the legal obligation to prevent the occurrence of negative consequences.
Investigation of the Purpose, Goals and Objectives of the Criminal Procedure by means of Systemic Approach
Authors: Ivanov V. I.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the paper is to conduct a systemic study of the internal structure and functions of criminal procedural activity based on patterns of formation of tree-like hierarchical structures, to determine the goals and objectives of criminal proceedings at different levels of the system hierarchy. Within the framework of the study, the criminal procedure is considered as a system with complex inter-element relationships and its own mutual influence on its structural elements. Based on the distinction between the categories "purpose", "goal", "result", the author concludes that the purpose of the criminal process is to resolve the materials on the merits in the production of the preliminary investigation bodies and the court in accordance with the requirements of criminal procedural law providing for criminal law application. The study establishes the possibility of achieving the goal of the criminal procedure at any stage in the case of the simultaneous fulfillment of two conditions: the identification of objective criminal procedural grounds for the completion of the criminal process using the criminal law and ensuring the implementation of the principles of criminal proceedings. Through the goals and principles of criminal procedural activity, the author defines the objectives and main functions of criminal proceedings, identifies the general goal and objectives of the bodies of inquiry, preliminary investigation and the court. The author concludes that the establishment of objective criminal procedural grounds for the resolution of materials in production with the application of criminal law is ensured because of preliminary verification of the materials, preliminary investigation or the implementation of the functions of the judiciary by solving the tasks facing the bodies of inquiry, investigation and court. The paper establishes the real purpose and goals of criminal prosecution, defense, judicial and departmental control, prosecutorial and judicial supervision.
Educação Ambiental no contexto da CPLP: Um desafio urgente
Authors: Schmidt Luísa , Guerra João , Ramos Pinto Joaquim
Published: May 2021

Os países lusófonos registam diferentes patamares na promoção da Educação Ambiental (EA). Um primeiro levantamento realizado em 2017 mostra que a EA é, em geral, competência dos Ministérios do Ambiente e da Educação, estando reservado um papel específico para o poder local e para as escolas. O apoio público está generalizado na maioria dos países, sendo, no entanto, mais significativo no Brasil e em Portugal. Já o apoio das organizações internacionais verifica-se, sobretudo, nos países de África e em Timor, enquanto as ONG nacionais, fundações e empresas nacionais a atuar no campo da EA estão presentes, ainda que a diferentes níveis, em todos os países e contextos. Em suma, estes primeiros resultados demonstram que a EA já entrou nas agendas pública e política de todos os países, embora de forma desigual e nalguns países ainda seja embrionária. Torna-se, assim, particularmente importante aprofundar o conhecimento e a análise do campo da EA nos países da CPLP, de modo a reforçar a eficácia da sua implementação e a melhorar as políticas públicas nestes territórios, garantindo maior resiliência para enfrentar os desafios que se aproximam.
A mediação de Equipamentos para a Educação Ambiental do Eixo Atlântico na relação Comunidade-Dieta-Alterações Climáticas
Authors: Costa Carvalho Sara , Meira Cartea Pablo Angel , Miranda Azeiteiro Ulisses
Published: May 2021

Os padrões de consumo alimentar influenciam significativamente as Alterações Climáticas (AC), as quais têm vindo a “mediterranizar” o norte da Península Ibérica. Sendo a mudança de comportamento a componente mais crítica e a dieta um dos aspectos cujas decisões pessoais mais podem influenciar essa mudança, é importante que os equipamentos para a educação ambiental (EqEA) atuem a nível comunitário. O projeto visa promover os EqEAcomo mediadores entre AC-padrões alimentares e as comunidades locais, na Euroregião do Eixo Atlântico (Galiza e Norte de Portugal). Através da investigação-ação e de três níveis de EqEA - um EqEA piloto, um conjunto restrito de EqEA, um conjunto não limitado - haverá uma intervenção socio-pedagógica. Os dois primeiros níveis participarão em grupos de I-A e em ações de formação, e todos os níveis receberão formação. Esperase que este projeto contribua para a tomada de consciência da relação entre a dieta e as AC, assim como para uma mudança de comportamentos alimentares nos cidadãos e comunidades envolvidas relativamente às AC.
Ciência cidadã na promoção da biodiversidade
Authors: Ribeiro Clóvis Augusto , Carvalho F. , Silva N.
Published: May 2021

A ciência cidadã é hoje, reconhecidamente, uma das formas emergentes de aproximação da ciência aos cidadãos, mostrando a sua capacidade de contribuir para uma ciência mais participativa e o envolvimento destes nas diversas atividades desenvolvidas, nomeadamente aquelas que se debruçam sobre a educação para a sustentabilidade. Em causa não está apenas o potencial da ciência cidadã como estratégia para uma ação mais participada dos cidadãos, mas, essencialmente, o seu potencial de comprometimento e envolvimento destes nos principais desafios da sociedade atual. A preservação e promoção da biodiversidade é um dos exemplos aqui vertidos e cuja ligação entre aqueles que fazem ciências e os cidadãos é essencial para o cumprimento dos objetivos propostos. No presente caso, apresentam-se como exemplos a criação de uma base de dados de biodiversidade suportado pelo conceito da ciência cidadã e promotor da biodiversidade urbana e um projeto de redução e valorização de resíduos, impulsionador da redução de acumulação de resíduos nas cidades, desenvolvidos pelo Laboratório da Paisgaem de Guimarães. A ciência cidadã pode, por isso, ser uma ferramenta essencial na capacidade que demonstra de envolvimento dos cidadãos comuns, podendo e devendo ser utilizada como um instrumento de motivação da comunidade escolar para o seu envolvimento e responsabilização nomeadamente na proteção e promoção da biodiversidade.
Reciclamos o Mundo. Atividades de Educação Ambiental em Escolas do 1º CEB na Maia
Authors: Pinto dos Santos Teresa Filomena
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo pretende dar a conhecer a importância dos projetos de educação ambiental no 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, através das Atividades de Enriquecimento Curricular (AEC). É nos primeiros anos de escolaridade que os alunos devem começar a trabalhar questões relacionadas com a educação ambiental, de forma a consciencializa-las para as boas práticas ambientais. Neste âmbito, surgiu o projeto “Reciclamos o Mundo” no Agrupamento de Escolas Gonçalo Mendes da Maia, em parceria com Câmara Municipal da Maia, dinamizado nas AEC. O projeto em causa teve como objetivo sensibilizar os alunos para a importância dos conceitos de reciclagem, política dos 4’RS e a importância de uma correta gestão de resíduos. Teve ainda como propósito alertar os alunos para os impactes negativos causados pela produção de resíduos e conhecer o trajeto desde a sua produção até ao destino final.
Mus musculus: biomodelo de expresión de Desyodinasa (DIO3) y Transtiretina (TTR) en el desarrollo placentario
Authors: Falla-Zuñiga Luis Felipe , Sinner Debora , Moreno-Martínez David , Castellanos-Garzón Jenniffer Alejandra , Salazar-Monsalve Liliana , Pustovrh María Carolina
Published: May 2021

Introducción: El correcto funcionamiento del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-tiroides es indispensable para el crecimiento y desarrollo embrionario-fetal, al intervenir en la diferenciación de los tejidos, el desarrollo cerebral y somático, la maduración ósea y la regulación del metabolismo. El paso de las hormonas tiroideas maternas al feto a través de la placenta depende de transportadores transmembrana, enzimas desyodinasas (DIO2 y DIO3) y proteínas transportadoras (TTR). Objetivo: Identificar las zonas de expresión de DIO3 y TTR en la placenta de ratón Mus musculus E10.5, E12.5, E14.5.  Métodos: La estructura placentaria y expresión de DIO3 y TTR fueron evaluadas con técnicas histoquímicas e inmunofluorescencia. Resultados: Desde E10.5 se encontraron las tres zonas placentarias, laberinto, zona de unión y decidua. En E12.5 se observó la conformación placentaria definitiva. DIO3 y TTR fueron detectadas en los tres estadios, con predominio en la zona del laberinto. Conclusión: DIO3 y TTR se expresan a lo largo del establecimiento y maduración de la placenta de ratón. El biomodelo murino es una herramienta útil para el estudio del transporte placentario de hormonas tiroideas desde la circulación materna a la fetal.
‘Cadáveres Amados’: Martyrs, Memory, and Cuban National Symbols
Authors: Wade Bethany M.
Published: May 2021

On November 27th, 1871, eight young medical students were marched into a public plaza in Havana and shot by Spanish authorities. On the first anniversary of their death, the exiled José Martí used their execution to denounce Spanish rule in Cuba, and to legitimize the violent struggle for Cuban Independence. The executed students became martyrs to Cuban nationalism. Since then, their execution at the hands of tyrants has been repeatedly repurposed in revolutionary periods in Cuban history. This article engages with the work of Maurice Halbwachs, Jan Assmann, and Pierre Nora to reflect on the process of collective and cultural memory formation and reformation. It considers the factors that contributed to the transformation of the execution of these students from a singular tragedy, among a wider field of atrocity, into a defining moment in Cuban identity. Further, drawing on works by Jay Winter, Robin Cohen, and Ron Eyerman, this article interrogates the role of individuals and groups in this process. Over one hundred and fifty years, members of exile communities, moral witnesses, student protesters, and revolutionary leaders used the memory of these martyrs to contest authoritarian rule, hoping to advance their vision of a Cuba that could be. Driven by changing political imperatives, the memory of the students altered to reflect new collective priorities. This case study shows change and continuity in cultural memory. Tracing the evolution of this narrative from the Cuban War of Independence, through the rule of dictators, Castro’s revolutionary war, and the following socialist era, this article concludes by asking how their memory is being—once again—transformed today. With a focus on the construction and use of public monuments and memorials, but incorporating literature, images, annual marches, and films, this article argues that the public memory of their deaths altered in different periods to invoke a revolutionary vision of Cuban national identity battered by a century and a half of instability.
Postmemories of Migration: Cuban Exile and Poetics of Latinidad in Jennine Capó-Cruet’s Make Your Home Among Strangers
Authors: Aguilar-Ramírez Aarón
Published: May 2021

Taking Juan Flores’s premise of historical memory and lived experience to foundational to U.S. latinidad as a starting point, this article asks how twenty-first century second-generation Latina writing intervenes in contemporary understandings of U.S. latinidad as a pan-ethnic cultural field. It analyzes the narrative techniques, structures, and conventions through which contemporary Latinx writing engages ethnic memory and lived experience, considering how, and whether, those narrative conventions coalesce into a “poetics of latinidad.” Specifically, this article analyzes Jennine Capó Crucet’s Make Your Home Among Strangers (2015), a novel comprising two interlaced storylines that animate the categories “lived experience” and “historical memory.” The novel intertwines its protagonist, Lizet’s, lived experience as a second-generation Cuban-American and the fictionalized re-rendering of the Elián Gonzalez case, a historical event that has proved an inflection point for Cuban-American exile identity in the U.S., destabilizing Cubans’ status as an “exceptional” community in the U.S. Latinx migrant imaginary. Thus, this article argues that Capó-Crucet’s novel fashions a poetics of latinidad in key ways. Engaging Marianne Hirsch’s concept of “postmemory,” it analyzes how the interwoven stories of Lizet and Ariel Hernández (the fictionalized Elián González) repurpose the role of historical memory toward the narrative intelligibility of the second generation’s lived experience in the U.S. while recuperating and memorializing the first-generation’s experience of exile. It then situates this novel within a burgeoning corpus of twenty-first century Latina college narratives, including Patricia Cardoso’s Real Women Have Curves (2002), Meliza Bañalez’s Life is Wonderful, People are Terrific (2015), and Gabby Rivera’s Juliet Takes a Breath (2016). These texts rely on postmemory to address the experiences of second-generation Latina college students; Capó-Crucet’s novel articulates a poetics of latinidad in this intertextual framework.
Migración y remesas en 2020 en Centroamérica, Haití, México, Panamá y República Dominicana: Impacto del Covid-19, de los huracanes y expectativas a mediano plazo
Authors: Laloum Mélanie , Ruiz-Arranz Marta
Published: May 2021

Con altas tasas de emigración, los hogares de la región de Centroamérica, República Dominicana, México y Haití, en particular los más vulnerables, son muy dependientes del envío de remesas familiares por parte de los migrantes. En 2020, los flujos de remesas y los movimientos migratorios se vieron sustancialmente afectados por la crisis económica y sanitaria generada por la pandemia del covid19. Además de esa crisis, los poderosos huracanes ETA y IOTA azotaron países de la región, creando las condiciones para nuevos movimientos migratorios. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar el impacto de la crisis del Covid19 sobre la situación laboral de los migrantes, el envío de remesas familiares y los retornos forzados o voluntarios. Asimismo, se evaluarán los impactos de los huracanes y de la crisis del Covid19 sobre la decisión de emigrar. Los hallazgos ponen de relieve el desplome de las remesas y los flujos migratorios al inicio de la pandemia, así como el rápido repunte de ambos para alcanzar niveles históricos. El contexto pandémico combinado con la devastación generada por los huracanes en Centroamérica puede actuar entonces como un catalizador sobre la decisión de migrar dentro o fuera del país de origen, sobre todo para los migrantes que disponen de recursos financieros y de una red de contactos. Por lo tanto, se espera una recuperación de los flujos migratorios hacia Estados Unidos, alimentada también por el cambio de administración y la esperanza de una reforma migratoria. Si bien la nueva administración de Estado Unidos es consciente de estos desafíos en el corto plazo, apunta a mayor coordinación con los países de la región y cambios estructurales cuyos efectos tomarán tiempo para materializarse.
Cost Of Inpatient Pediatric Type 1 Dıabetes Care In Turkey: Sıngle Center Experıence
Authors: CAM Eren , KURUTKAN Mehmet Nurullah , ARSLANOĞLU İlknur , BÜTÜNER Okan
Published: May 2021

Objective: To explore the financial cost of type 1 diabetic (T1D) children and adolescents during inpatient management for various reasons.

Method: Ten years of electronic hospital records (2009-2018) of the pediatric ward were screened retrospectively and hospitalizations with a confirmed diagnose of T1D were analyzed. Costs are grouped as laboratory tests, clinical interventions, drugs, medical supplies, and total costs before being converted to US dollars according to the mid-year index published by the Central Bank of Turkey. Descriptive statistics and comparisons against patient-specific characteristics are presented.

Results: There were 400 eligible cases. Cost per case for the hospital and for the Social Security Institution (SSI) were $268 and $309 respectively. The clinical intervention was the largest (49.84 vs 55.33 %) and that of medical supplies was the smallest (0.43 vs 0.55 %) component of the cost. Blood pH, HbA1c, having a single parent, and the number of days in the ward were parameters influencing total cost significantly (p
Long-term outcomes of tension-free repair for the primary inguinal hernias
Authors: BÜYÜKER Fatih , BAYSAL Hakan , TOSUN Salih
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Mesh repair is the gold standard in inguinal hernia (IH) repair. If suture repair is to be performed, the common view is to apply tension-free repair. The aim of our study was to analyze retrospectively the changes in primary IH repair at our clinic in 24-years period with regard to the surgical techniques used, patient demographics, complications, and duration of hospital stay.
Methods: The study is based on retrospective analyses of IH repair in 1020 patients in two different periods. In the first period of the study, between 1997-1999 Modified Bassini (MB) method was used for suture repair and Lichtenstein (LH) method was used for mesh repair. In the second period of the study, between 2017-2019, LH method was used for mesh repair and Posterior Wall Darn (PWD) method was used for suture repair.
Results: The rates of postoperative complications were high and time to return to work was longer in suture repair with MB. Less postoperative complications, shorter time to return to work and less recurrence were observed in the PWD method compared to MB.
Conclusions: Suture repair is a preferable option only in relevant cases and these must be tension free repair techniques such as PWD. When required, suture repairs could be successfully performed with low complication and recurrence rates, similar to mesh repairs by experienced surgical teams.
Docencia y calidad de vida en instituciones de educación superior: reflexiones en el contexto mexicanoo
Authors: Maldonado-Suárez Neiber
Published: May 2021

la educación superior en México ha estado en constante cambio como resultado de las demandas sociales y de las políticas económicas que se impulsan en cada periodo de gobierno; en los últimos años se ha observado un incremento de las universidades gracias a la política expansiva impulsada desde 1959 para el sector público, mientras que a partir de 1980 el Estado permitió una mayor participación del sector privado. El aumento de universidades públicas y privadas planteó la necesidad de contar con profesionales que ejerzan labores de docencia, de tal manera que el 68.1% del total de docentes lo hace bajo contratos de tiempo parcial o por horas; de este porcentaje, 57.3% pertenecen a instituciones públicas mientras que en las universidades privadas el porcentaje es de 83.2%. A partir de lo anterior, el presente ensayo tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre la calidad de vida en el trabajo en docentes universitarios que laboran bajo contratos de tiempo parcial o por horas en el contexto mexicano. Las investigaciones que se han realizado muestran que el profesorado que laboran bajo este régimen perciben inestabilidad, baja remuneración y ausencia de garantías sociales, lo que limita el acceso a condiciones laborales dignas asociadas a la calidad de vida. Para finalizar, se plantea la necesidad de contar con un marco regulatorio que ordene la participación del profesorado en las universidades públicas y privadas desde una perspectiva de la calidad de vida, como una alternativa para atender la problemática desarrollada.
Inseguridad alimentaria y calidad de vida en México: una revisión de estudios con enfoque cualitativo
Authors: Santana-Cárdenas Soraya , López Uriarte Patricia Josefina
Published: May 2021

En torno al proceso de alimentación humana hay cuatro pilares básicos: producción, acceso, inocuidad y calidad nutritiva de los alimentos; si alguno falla, da lugar a lo que se denomina inseguridad alimentaria y esta situación tiene un efecto directo en la calidad de vida de las personas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue dar respuesta a la pregunta: ¿cuáles son los principales hallazgos en torno a la inseguridad alimentaria en México, publicados en los últimos 14 años y realizados bajo metodología cualitativa? Método: se presenta una revisión sistemática cuya búsqueda de artículos se realizó en las bases de datos Springer Link, Redalyc y Google Académico, con combinaciones de palabras en español e inglés (inseguridad alimentaria, seguridad alimentaria, estudios cualitativos, método cualitativo, México) y que hubiesen sido publicados en el periodo 2006-2020. Un total de diez trabajos de investigación fueron localizados y la información se organizó a partir de diferentes ejes temáticos que permitieron identificar método y técnicas utilizadas, así como hallazgos relacionados con percepciones, experiencias y prácticas de alimentación de las personas, e información de estrategias de respuesta ante la inseguridad alimentaria, entre otros. Se discuten estos hallazgos a la luz de las implicaciones cotidianas para las personas de estudio y en vinculación a la calidad de vida en México.
Horizontalidad
Authors: Magaña González Claudia Rocío
Published: May 2021

Desde hace décadas el paradigma decimonónico sobre la ciencia y sus métodos de investigación ha sido cuestionado, sobre todo en las formas de aproximación epestemológica. En esta reseña se recuperan las propuestas y principios que el libro coordinado por Inés Cornejo y Mario Rufer, proponen bajo el título: “Horizontalidad: Hacia una crítica de la metodología”. La reseña aborda algunos de esos principios para comprender la metafora y la praxis que está inscrita en el mismo título: “horizontalidad”. La obra reseñada está dividida en 3 apartados que constituyen ese corpus teórico-metodológico que emerge del proceso de sistematización de una década de trabajar desde esta forma. Un libro que merece la pena ser leído y consultado para el quehacer profesional de cualquier científico social.
Research trends in dynamic geometry software: A content analysis from 2005 to 2021
Authors: Ondes Rabia Nur
Published: May 2021

Dynamic geometry software (DGS), especially GeoGebra, have been used in mathematics lessons around the world since it enables a dynamic learning environment. To date, there exist so many published researches about DGS, which leads to the need for meaningful organisation. This study aims to give a broad picture about researches related to DGS. For this reason, 210 articles accessed from the Web of Science database were analysed in terms of their purpose, research design, sample level, sample size, data collection tools and data analysing methods by using the content analysis method. According to the findings, for each section the most frequently used ones were as follows: ‘the effect of DGS on something’ as a purpose, qualitative method as a research design, high school students as a sample level, 101–300 intervals as a sample size, documents and achievement tests as instruments and descriptive analysis for quantitative and qualitative studies. These results can help researchers to see the past trends in DGS and conduct new studies.

 

Keywords: Dynamic geometry software, DGS, GeoGebra, content analysis, mathematics education
Professional teaching competence in preservice primary school teachers: Structure, criteria and levels
Authors: Zhumash Zhanara , Nurgaliyeva Saniya , Zhumabaeva Aziya , Lebedeva Larisa Anatolevna , Saduakas Gulbanu , Zhoraeva Saule Bazarbaevna
Published: May 2021

Competency beliefs are beliefs about individuals’ ability to perform significantly regarding events that may affect their lives. People with higher levels of teaching competency beliefs do not escape from the experiences they have just encountered and have the determination to complete their actions successfully. Having general competencies of teachers and teacher candidates is of key importance in terms of creating more efficient and improving educational processes. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a systematic review on structure, criteria, and levels of professional teaching competence levels of preservice primary school teachers based on a comprehensive literature review. The study employs qualitative research methodology including document analysis and related content analysis. Various results were obtained from this study and the results were discussed with relevant literature and future implications are provided.  

 

Keywords: Professional, teaching competence, preservice, primary school teachers, education.
Stereolojik Bir Araştırma: Akciğer Hacmi ve İzdüşüm Yüzey Alanı Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YAĞCİ ŞENTÜRK Aysun , TASLAK ŞENGÜL Ayşen , ŞAHİN Bümyamin , BAŞOĞLU Ahmet 
Published: May 2021

Üç boyutlu bir yapıya ait özellikleri iki boyutlu kesitler aracılığıyla tanımlayan stereoloji, düzensiz şekle sahip organ ve dokuların hacminin kolayca ölçümünü sağlar. Bu araştırmada stereoloji aracılığıyla bilgisayarlı toraks tomografi (BTT) görüntüleri üzerinden hesaplanacak akciğer hacimleri ile antero-posterior direkt grafiler üzerinden hesaplanacak akciğer izdüşüm yüzey alanları arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amaçlandı. BTT görüntüleri restrospektif olarak incelendi. DICOM formatında kaydedilen BTT görüntülerini düzenlemek ve işlemek için OsiriX programı kullanıldı. Planimetri yöntemi kullanılarak sağ ve sol akciğerlerin hacim hesaplaması ayrı ayrı yapıldı. Ardından aksiyal görüntüler, koronal görüntülere dönüştürüldü ve akciğer antero-posterior direkt grafisi elde edildi. Antero-posterior direkt grafiler üzerinden sağ ve sol akciğerlere ait izdüşüm yüzey alanları hesaplandı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre sağ akciğer hacmi ve izdüşüm alanı sol akciğerden fazlaydı. Katılımcıların sağ akciğer hacmi ile sağ akciğer izdüşüm yüzey alanı arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde bir ilişki görüldü (P=0,001; r=0,538). Benzer şekilde sol akciğer hacmi ile sol akciğer izdüşüm alanı arasında da pozitif yönde orta düzeyde bir ilişkiye rastlandı (P=0,001; r=0,555). Kurulan basit doğrusal regresyon modeline göre, sağ akciğer izdüşüm alanının sağ akciğer hacmini açıklama oranı %28,9 olarak belirlendi. Sol akciğer izdüşüm alanının, sol akciğer hacmini açıklama oranıysa %30 olarak saptandı. Akciğer izdüşüm yüzey alanı, akciğer hacmini açıklayan faktörlerden biri olmakla birlikte yegane faktör değildir.
O desmonte da máquina-cinema: Pedro Costa e a estética do residual
Authors: Filho Osmar Gonçalves dos Reis , Aguiar David Leitão
Published: May 2021

Ao termino de Ossos (filme de 1997), rodado nas Fontainhas, gueto lisboeta de cabo-verdianos, Pedro Costa percebe-se afetado por suas experiências no bairro e vê suas afetações não se concretizarem em suas imagens. Entre Costa e o fenômeno “Fontainhas” havia a máquina-cinema: um poder maquínico que desregula corpos e fenômenos e os recompõem num regime de imagens incapaz de dar forma visual às realidades residuais. Segundo pesquisadores que dialogam com a teoria das imagens – Jean-Louis Comolli, Gilles Deleuze, Giorgio Agamben, Vilém Flusser, entre outros – as tecnologias de poder, e aqui ressaltamos os dispositivos midiático-imagéticos, administram a produção simbólica de uma realidade determinada, e têm por estratégia produzir subjetividades subservientes (ou dessubjetivações) em proveito de um determinado projeto político.  Apostamos que Costa, sobretudo em Juventude em marcha (filme de 2006), ao estabelecer um método político-estético para um subversivo regime de imagens, sua estética do residual, agenciará uma série de estratégias para efetuar um desmonte – ao menos uma remontagem – da máquina-cinema.
Resposta à: Deteção Precoce de COVID-19 em Portugal: Uso de Registos Clínicos
Authors: Valim Ana Paula , Franciscatto Maria Eduarda , Gomes Elonir , Dos Santos Eliane Mazzuco
Published: May 2021

N/a.
STAKEHOLDERS' MAPPING AND STRATEGY FOR RESTORING PEATLAND FOREST IN WEST TANJUNG JABUNG JAMBI, INDONESIA
Authors: Nugroho Ignatius Adi , Darwo Darwo , Yuniarti Dhany
Published: May 2021

Peatland forests became the centre of discussions in Indonesia because 33% of 2.4 million hectares burned in 2014. This research aims to describe the stakeholders' position and their logic in choosing a strategy for peatland forest areas. The result shows that nine stakeholders were actively involved in peatland forest restoration in West Tanjung Jabung Regency. Based on categorization, the analysis points out that all stakeholders had occupied key players' position. Further analysis using a ladder of participation criteria found two models of participation, i.e. citizen power and tokenism. However, the value of citizen power is higher than tokenism that is 56% and 44%, respectively. It means that stakeholders should develop partnership and other models in citizen power criteria to reach their targets. It also means that trust is an essential variable in the relationship among stakeholders and should be developed in peatland forest restoration. The consequence of this research is that stakeholders can improve two strategies, i.e. collaborative forest management and community-based forest management.
Scenario of accelerated universe expansion under exposure to entropic forces related to with the entropies of Barrow and Tsallis−Cirto
Authors: Kolesnichenko Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Marov Mikhail Yakovlevich
Published: May 2021

In the work within the framework of "entropic cosmology", the scenario of the cosmological accelerated expansion of a flat, homogeneous and isotropic Universe under the influence of entropic forces is considered without the concept of dark energy a hypothetical medium with negative pressure. Assuming that the horizon of the Universe has its own temperature and entropy, which arises during the holographic storage of information on the screen of the horizon surface, the entropy models of the Universe associated with the BekensteinHawking entropy and the non-extensive Barrow and Tsallis–Cirto entropies are considered. The modified equations of acceleration and continuity of Friedman with governing power terms having an entropic nature are derived both within the framework of Einstein's general theory of relativity and on the basis of a thermodynamic approach that allows modeling the non-adiabatic evolution of the Universe. At the same time, models based on nonextensive entropies predict the existence of both a decelerating and accelerating Universe.
Determination Price Volatility of Bitcoin with Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticiy Models
Authors: BELLİLER İbrahim Sezer , YİLDİRİM Zerife
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the price movements of bitcoin, which has become a new phenomenon in financial markets since 2009, the first year of its release, and can be defined as virtual money or crypto money, to be seen as a financial investment tool. Design/Methodology: In the study, volatility, return behavior and reliability as a financial investment tool are examined with autoregressive Conditional Variable Variance modeling. In this context, symmetrical and asymmetrical ARCH models were used. Findings: As a result of the analysis; it has been found that it has an asymmetric effect in the first period for the bitcoin return series examined with symmetric and asymmetric ARCH models. In addition, it has been determined that shocks occurring in the bitcoin return series according to the half-life criteria are exposed to the volatility effect for more than 30 days in each period. It has been determined that bitcoin, which is examined by periods, has higher volatility in its first years. Limitations: The volatility of bitcoin, which has become a new phenomenon in financial markets today, can be defined as virtual money or crypto money, has been analyzed. Originality/Value: In fact, there are many virtual currencies or cryptocurrencies traded in the market. However, among many virtual currencies, bitcoin is the most known and the most market volume. Analyzing the price movements of bitcoin, which has started to be seen as a financial investment tool, is of great importance in the framework of reliability. The examination made in this respect constitutes the original value of the research.
Makna Fonemik dalam Semantik Arab: Ontologi, Epistemologi, Aksiologi
Authors: Romanda Fharis
Published: May 2021

This study aims to provide an understanding of the phonemic meaning (dalālah ṣawṭīyah) in Arabic semantics. To provide an understanding related to dalālah ṣawṭīyah, this study carries out its research based on a philosophical framework of thought consisting of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. It can be concluded that the discussion of this research broadly discusses the ontology or nature of ṣawṭīyah, its epistemology or method, and the axiology or function of the branch of the discussion of semantics. This research is based on a literature review. In analyzing data obtained from the literature review, this study used qualitative methods. This research has revealed the nature of sound, how sound works, and the function of each sound method in the Arabic interpretation process. This research concludes that the sound in the dalālah ṣawṭīyah has an important role in determining meaning in all language structures starting from Arabic words, phrases, and sentences. The method of sound work in giving meaning to Arabic can be in the form of differences in phoneme sounds, sound stress (al-nabr) in syllables or words, as well as intonation (al-tanghīm) that occurs in a phrase or sentence.
BUMBU TABUR TEMPE SEHAT, GURIH, DAN PEDAS UNTUK KELUARGA
Authors: Oktavianti Dina Nurul , Putri Meddiati Fajri
Published: May 2021

Bumbu tabur merupakan bumbu yang fungsinya untuk memberikan rasa pelezat pada makanan atau jajanan.Rasa dan warna pada bumbu tabur bermacam-macam jenisnya menambah daya tarik tersendiri. Kandungan protein dari tepung tempe untuk mencukupi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat dengan harga relatif terjangkau. Kandungan gizi pada serbuk cabai tersebut dijadikan penambahan dalam pembuatan bumbu tabur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesukaan konsumen terhadap bumbu tabur dengan penambahan serbuk cabai 0%, 20%, 25%dan 30%ditinjau dari aspek aroma,warna,rasa,dantekstur, serta untuk mengetahui kandungan protein pada bumbu tabur.Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dikarenakan adanya perlakuan atau percobaan. Desain eksperimen yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group desain. Hasil analis yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa secara statistik.Untuk mengetahui kandungan gizi protein menggunakan metode Kjeldahl. Berdasarkan hasil uji kesukaan, sampel yang disukai masyarakat adalah sampel B dengan penambahan cabe 25% dan rata-rata 84,05% yang memiliki rasa cukup pedas. Hasil uji laboratorium kandungan protein tertinggi pada sampel A dengan penambahan cabe 0% dan rata-rata prosentase protein 20,45685%.