bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chicken seminal fluid lacks CD9‐ and CD44‐bearing extracellular vesicles
Authors: Alvarez‐Rodriguez Manuel , Ntzouni Maria , Wright Dominic , Khan Kabirul Islam , López‐Béjar Manel , Martinez Cristina A. , Rodriguez‐Martinez Heriberto
Published: January 2020

The avian seminal fluid (SF) is a protein‐rich fluid, derived from the testis, the rudimentary epididymis and, finally, from the cloacal gland. The SF interacts with spermatozoa and the inner cell lining of the female genital tract, to modulate sperm functions and female immune responsiveness. Its complex proteome might either be free or linked to extracellular vesicles (EVs) as it is the case in mammals, where EVs depict the tetraspanin CD9; and where those EVs derived from the epididymis (epididymosomes) also present the receptor CD44. In the present study, sperm‐free SF from Red Jungle Fowl, White Leghorn and an advanced intercross (AIL, 12th generation) were studied using flow cytometry of the membrane marker tetraspanin CD9, Western blotting of the membrane receptor CD44 and electron microscopy in non‐enriched (whole SF) or enriched fractions obtained by precipitation using a commercial kit (Total Exosome Precipitation Solution). Neither CD9‐ nor CD44 could be detected, and the ultrastructure confirmed the relative absence of EVs, raising the possibility that avian SF interacts differently with the female genitalia as compared to the seminal plasma of mammals.
Factor structure of the Friends and Family interview
Authors: Psouni Elia , Breinholst Sonja , Hoff Esbjørn Barbara , Steele Howard
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to specify the latent construct structure of the Friends and Family Interview (FFI: Steele & Steele, 2005) based on its dimensional scale coding protocol. The FFI is a semi‐structured interview measuring attachment in middle childhood. We analyzed data from 341 FFI interviews with children aged 7–12 years, recruited in the Scandinavian Öresund Region. Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed a three‐component model as best fitting the data. The first component, denoting attachment security, gathered all dimensional scales for evidence of secure base/safe haven regarding mother/father and coherence in the child’s narrative style, along with scales regarding reflective functioning, self‐perception, and social functioning. The second component comprised preoccupying feelings of anger, but also derogation. The third component gathered all scales coding idealization. Inter‐relations among the components were consistent with attachment theory, and respondents’ scores for all three components differed significantly across the four categorical attachment classifications. Affect regulation of negative emotion through anger and through derogation co‐occurred, and was distinct from regulation through maintaining a belief that things are better than they appear (idealization). These two affect regulation strategies appeared commonly when reflective functioning, and an organized self‐perception, and positive peer relations were less in evidence. The multi‐dimensional FFI coding system appears to measure successfully these diverse features of the child’s narrative provided in response to the interview. Overall, our findings support the construct validity of the FFI and provide further evidence of its usefulness for assessing attachment in middle childhood and early adolescence.
Co-gasification of Hydrochar and Petroleum Coke Blended With Different Ratios
Authors: Zhang Nan , Ning Xiaojun , Wang Guangwei , Zhang Jianliang , Guo Jian , Li Yanjiang , Liang Wang , Wang Chuan
Published: January 2020

The co-gasification characteristics of petroleum coke (PC), hydrochar (PS), and their blends with different ratios were studied by using thermogravimetric analysis. The Coats–Redfern model was employed to calculate the gasification activation energies of different samples. The results manifested that the gasification process of PS and blends could be classified into two stages: pyrolysis and char gasification, but for PC, there was only one primary char gasification stage. The activation energy of the pyrolysis stage was significantly smaller than the char gasification stage. In the latter stage, with the increase in the ratio of PS from 20% to 80%, the activation energy was reduced from 114.1 kJ/mol to 82.8 kJ/mol, which indicated that the PS had a significant promoting influence on the PC gasification. The research results can provide a theoretical guiding significance for the efficient use of PS and PC.
Editorial
Authors: Beddoe Liz
Published: January 2020

A diverse offering of social work scholarship
Project L.E.E.P. (Leadership through Education, Experience and Photovoice): An Embedded Graduate Service-Learning Initiative
Authors: Johnson James E.
Published: January 2020

Integration and consumption of sport are often used to build community identity, enhance health, and promote positive social interactions. Those benefits informed the purpose of this project, which was to integrate service-learning education and behaviors into a graduate sport management leadership course. Project L.E.E.P. (Leadership through Education, Experience, and Photovoice) benefitted local communities by providing an interactive service-learning project that was mutually beneficial to graduate students and surrounding community partners. Eleven graduate students in a sport administration leadership course partnered with different community sport organizations to execute a series of assignments designed to assess, plan, deliver, and reflect on more than 40 hr of sports service. Among those assignments was a photovoice project intended to capture service learning through the students’ perspectives and give voice to the sporting needs of a community. This project aligned with the experiential learning approach in many sport management programs, as well as the societal and service benefits outlined in the North American Society for Sport Management’s purpose and position statements.
Deficiency of TRPM2 leads to embryonic neurogenesis defects in hyperthermia
Authors: Li Yanxin , Jiao Jianwei
Published: January 2020

In short, this study reveals the complicated interplay between TRPM2 and β-Cat/SP5 signaling during heat stress.
UPR
ER
promotes lipophagy independent of chaperones to extend life span
Authors: Daniele Joseph R. , Higuchi-Sanabria Ryo , Durieux Jenni , Monshietehadi Samira , Ramachandran Vidhya , Tronnes Sarah U. , Kelet Naame , Sanchez Melissa , Metcalf Melissa G. , Garcia Gilberto , Frankino Phillip A. , Benitez Camila , Zeng Mandy , Esping Daniel J. , Joe Larry , Dillin Andrew
Published: January 2020

Hyperactivation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response decreases lipid (fat) levels to extend life span.
A dual-action peptide-containing hydrogel targets wound infection and inflammation
Authors: Puthia Manoj , Butrym Marta , Petrlova Jitka , Strömdahl Ann-Charlotte , Andersson Madelene Å. , Kjellström Sven , Schmidtchen Artur
Published: January 2020

A peptide-containing hydrogel treats both wound infection and inflammation.
Circulating tumor DNA methylation profiles enable early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and screening for colorectal cancer
Authors: Luo Huiyan , Zhao Qi , Wei Wei , Zheng Lianghong , Yi Shaohua , Li Gen , Wang Wenqiu , Sheng Hui , Pu Hengying , Mo Haiyu , Zuo Zhixiang , Liu Zexian , Li Chaofeng , Xie Chuanbo , Zeng Zhaolei , Li Weimin , Hao Xiaoke , Liu Yuying , Cao Sumei , Liu Wanli , Gibson Sarah , Zhang Kang , Xu Guoliang , Xu Rui-hua
Published: January 2020

Circulating tumor DNA methylation–based signatures are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Seizing control of fragile X syndrome
Authors: Osterweil Emily K.
Published: January 2020

Loss of
Fmr1
in glutamatergic neurons of the inferior colliculus is responsible for audiogenic seizures in the fragile X syndrome mouse model.
Immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2: recurrent lesions are associated with the induction of suppressor cells and soluble suppressor factors
Authors: Iwasaka T , Sheridan J F , Aurelian L
Published: January 2020

Cell-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2 was investigated in infected inbred strain 13/N guinea pigs with (45%), and without, a history of recurrent herpetic disease (A. D. Donnenberg, E. Chaikof, and L. Aurelian, Infect. Immun. 30:99-109, 1980). Induction of suppressor cells capable of reducing the proliferative response of herpes simplex virus type 2-stimulated immune lymphoid cells was demonstrated in spleen cells from animals with a history of recurrent disease at recrudescence and convalescence but not in spleen cells from quiescent animals or from animals without a history of recurrent herpetic disease (seropositive controls). Suppressor cells were also detected in the peripheral blood but only from three of seven studied animals, and only at recrudescence. In addition to inhibitory cell-cell interactions, the herpes simplex virus type 2-activated regulatory cells of animals with recrudescent herpetic lesions elaborated soluble suppressor factors affecting lymphocyte proliferation. Suppression mediated by suppressor factors was observed only when suppressor factors were added at an early stage of in vitro culture and was reversed by medium exchange throughout the 6 days of culture. Sephadex chromatography revealed the presence of factors capable of differentially modulating the proliferative response of herpes simplex virus-stimulated immune cells and concanavalin A-stimulated normal lymphoid cells.
Effect of fluoride on Treponema denticola
Authors: Hughes C A , Yotis W W
Published: January 2020

The effect of fluoride on the growth of Treponema denticola was studied. Fluoride, at a concentration of 20 micrograms/ml, was found to suppress the growth of all three strains tested. Growth was completely inhibited by 40 micrograms of fluoride per ml.
Gingimaps: Protein Localization in the Oral Pathogen
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Gabarrini Giorgio , Grasso Stefano , van Winkelhoff Arie Jan , van Dijl Jan Maarten
Published: January 2020

Porphyromonas gingivalis
is an oral pathogen involved in the widespread disease periodontitis. In recent years, however, this bacterium has been implicated in the etiology of another common disorder, the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis were known to correlate for decades, but only recently a possible molecular connection underlying this association has been unveiled.
Draft Genome Sequences of the Type Strains of Actinobacillus indolicus (46K2C) and Actinobacillus porcinus (NM319), Two NAD-Dependent Bacterial Species Found in the Respiratory Tract of Pigs
Authors: Bossé Janine T. , Li Yanwen , Fernandez Crespo Roberto , Angen Øystein , Holden Matthew T. G. , Weinert Lucy A. , Maskell Duncan J. , Tucker Alexander W. , Wren Brendan W. , Rycroft Andrew N. , Langford Paul R.
Published: January 2020

We report here the draft genome sequences of the type strains of
Actinobacillus indolicus
(46K2C) and
Actinobacillus porcinus
(NM319). These NAD-dependent bacterial species are frequently found in the upper respiratory tract of pigs and are occasionally associated with lung pathology.
Draft Genome Sequences of Five Historical Bacillus anthracis Strains
Authors: Sommer Daniel D. , Ratnayake Shashikala , Radune Diana , Parker Kisha , Enke Sana , Ferguson Tracy M. , Lovett Marie , Mallonee Adam , Rae Zach , Rosovitz M. J. , Diviak Lynn F. , Friss Mary Beth , Klubnik Joy P. , Fronda Kathy H. , Horn Gregory P. , Blank Thomas E. , Pope Robert K. , Hanna Philip C. , Bergman Nicholas H. , Bazinet Adam L.
Published: January 2020

Bacillus anthracis
is the causative agent of anthrax, a disease of livestock, wildlife, and humans. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of five historical
B. anthracis
strains that were preserved as lyophilates in glass vials for decades.
Complete Genome Sequence of Strain BW-2, a Magnetotactic Gammaproteobacterium in the Family
Ectothiorhodospiraceae
, Isolated from a Brackish Spring in Death Valley, California
Authors: Geurink Corey , Lefevre Christopher T. , Monteil Caroline L. , Morillo-Lopez Viviana , Abreu Fernanda , Bazylinski Dennis A. , Trubitsyn Denis
Published: January 2020

We report the complete 4.1-Mb genome sequence of strain BW-2, a magnetotactic, sulfur-oxidizing rod, belonging to the family
Ectothiorhodospiraceae
of the class
Gammaproteobacteria
, that biomineralizes membrane-bounded magnetite nanocrystals in its magnetosomes. This genome sequence, in comparison with those of other magnetotactic bacteria, is essential for understanding the origin and evolution of magnetotaxis and magnetosome biomineralization.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Phytopathogenic Ganoderma sp. Strain That Causes Basal Stem Rot Disease on Oil Palm in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Voo Christopher L. Y. , Yeo Daniel E. T. , Chong Khim-Phin , Rodrigues Kenneth F.
Published: January 2020

Basal stem rot (BSR) disease on
Elaeis guineens
is known to be caused by members of the pathogenic fungal genus
Ganoderma
, especially the species
Ganoderma boninense
. This species affects oil palm plantation in Sabah, Malaysia. The genome sequence (52.28 Mbp) will add to the representation of this genus, especially in regard to BSR disease.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Strains with Various Biofilm Phenotypes
Authors: Boukerb Amine M. , Simon Marjolaine , Pernet Erwan , Jouault Albane , Portier Emilie , Persyn Elise , Bouffartigues Emeline , Bazire Alexis , Chevalier Sylvie , Feuilloley Marc G. J. , Lesouhaitier Olivier , Caillon Jocelyne , Dufour Alain
Published: January 2020

Biofilms produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
present a serious threat to cystic fibrosis patients. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of four cystic fibrosis isolates displaying various mucoid and biofilm phenotypes. The estimated average genome size was about 6,255,986 ± 50,202 bp with a mean G+C content of 66.52 ± 0.06%.
Complete Genome Sequence ofSerratiaPhage Muldoon
Authors: Campbell Soren , Atkison Cameron , Moreland Russell , Liu Mei , Ramsey Jolene , Leavitt Justin
Published: January 2020

Serratia marcescensis a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium that is linked with emerging opportunistic infections. In this report, we describe the isolation and annotation of anS. marcescensmyophage called Muldoon. Related to T4-like phages, such asSerratiaphage PS2, Muldoon contains 257 predicted protein-coding genes and 4 tRNA genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Serratia marcescens Siphophage Slocum
Authors: Snowden Jason , Newkirk Heather , Moreland Russell , Liu Mei , Ramsey Jolene , Leavitt Justin
Published: January 2020

Serratia marcescensis a ubiquitous Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen. This announcement describes the isolation and genome annotation ofS. marcescensT5-like siphophage Slocum. Terminal repeats, 170 protein-coding genes, and 23 tRNAs were predicted in the 112,436-bp Slocum genome.
Characterising near misses and injuries in the temporary agency construction workforce: qualitative study approach
Authors: Santiago Katerina , Yang Xuan , Ruano-Herreria Estefania C , Chalmers Juanita , Cavicchia Philip , Caban-Martinez Alberto J
Published: January 2020

Objectives

To understand and characterise the construct of ‘near misses’ from the perspective of temporary construction workers and to describe the safety and health risks associated with and contributing to near misses and injuries in temporary workers in the construction industry.

Methods

Six semistructured language-sensitive (ie, English and Spanish) focus group discussions were conducted with workers (n=43) employed with temporary staffing agencies in South Florida. This convenience sample completed a demographic questionnaire prior to the focus group discussion. A general inductive approach was used to examine near misses in the construction industry and the unique safety and health concerns of temporary workers.

Results

Four broad themes describing near misses, reporting practices and workplace safety hazards in the construction industry were derived from the group discussions: (1) non-standard workers in the construction industry draw a clear distinction between near misses and injury and believe their best protections from both occur at the worker level; (2) social network structure on construction worksites is an effective way to protect workers against injury and near misses; (3) safety and health priorities and policies at the organisational level differ from those at the worker level, which contributes to workplace injury; and (4) reporting of safety concerns and near misses is influenced by injury severity.

Conclusions

Temporary workers in the construction industry are familiar with near misses but have limited resources to protect themselves against potential health and safety hazards. These non-standard workers addressed unique barriers to staying safe at work and identified potential improvements.
Levo-corydalmine attenuates microglia activation and neuropathic pain by suppressing ASK1-p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in rat spinal cord
Authors: Dai Wen-Ling , Bao Yi-Ni , Fan Ji-Fa , Li Shan-Shan , Zhao Wan-Li , Yu Bo-Yang , Liu Ji-Hua
Published: January 2020

Background and objectives

Neuropathic pain is partially refractory to currently available treatments. Although some studies have reported that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) may inhibit chronic pain, the mechanisms underlying this process have not been fully elucidated.

Methods

Chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the rat sciatic nerve was used to establish a neuropathic pain model. Nociception was assessed using von Frey hair and Hargreaves’ methods. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the cell signaling pathway. BV2 cell line was cultured for in vitro evaluation.

Results

Our results indicated that spinal ASK1 was co-expressed with the microglia marker ionized calcium binding adaptor 1. Additionally, intrathecal administration of ASK1 inhibitor suppressed the activation of spinal microglia and attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain. The ASK1 inhibitor also decreased the levels of phosphorylated ASK1 (p-ASK1), p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) messenger RNA in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Intragastric administration oflevo-corydalmine (l-CDL) significantly attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inhibited the expression of p-ASK1 in the spinal cord.l-CDL conspicuously suppressed the activation of spinal microglia in vitro and in vivo. Translocation of nuclearfactor-kappa B (NF-κB) and upregulation of p-p65, TNF-α, IL-1β were inhibited byl-CDL. Further, the analgesic effects ofl-CDL were associated with reduced levels of phosphorylated protein kinase C (PKC γ), c-JunNH2-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase.

Conclusions

This study showed that the expression of ASK1 in spinal microglia and ASK1 inhibitor suppressed microglia activation via suppression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB, which ultimately attenuated CCI-induced neuropathic pain.l-CDL also inhibited the ASK1-P38 MAPK/NF-κB axis to attenuate CCI-induced neuropathic pain.
Influence of age and ovarian antral follicle count on the reproductive characteristics of embryo donor mares
Authors: Goncalves Gustavo Romero , Morotti Fábio , Colombo Antonio Hugo Bezerra , Bonato Denis Vinicius , Bizarro‐Silva Camila , Rosa Camila Oliveira , Cavalieri Fábio Luiz Bim , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes
Published: January 2020

Background

Age and antral follicle count (AFC) are related to fertility in cattle, but this information remains limited in mares.

Methods

To verify the influence of age and AFC on the reproductive characteristics of mares, 15 Quarter Horse donors, with 5–15 antral follicles, ranging from three to 17 years old, healthy and in good nutritional status, were divided into groups with low AFC (≤9 follicles) or high AFC (≥10 follicles) and mares considered young (≤9 years) or old (≥10 years). Mares were submitted to ultrasonography to determine the dominant follicle diameter, follicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and embryonic recovery for a minimum of three oestrous cycles.

Results

AFC was higher (P=0.001) in young mares compared with old mares. An interaction (P=0.001) between AFC and age was observed with regard to follicular growth rate, being that mares with low AFC and are old showed the lowest follicular growth compared with those of low AFC and young, high AFC and old, and high AFC and young. Younger mares and those with high AFC exhibited higher degree of uterine oedema (P<0.05) on the third day of oestrus compared with older mares and with low AFC (3 and 2, respectively). However, in both groups, the degree of oedema reduced by the time of ovulation.

Conclusion

Follicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and the number of antral follicles are higher in young mares with high AFC. However, the rate of embryonic recovery is not influenced by donors’ age or AFC.
Cathode materials with mixed phases of orthorhombic MoO3and Li0.042MoO3for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Shi Jiayuan , Liu Li , Kang Shusen , Chen Xiaotao , Shi Bin
Published: January 2020

MoO3is a promising cathode candidate for lithium-ion batteries and its electronic conductivity is usually improved by MoO3lithiation via reaction of MoO3with LiCl solutions. However, this process might increase the manufacturing complexity and result in surface breakage of MoO3cathodes. In this paper, by introducing lithium source into MoO3synthesis, MoO3can be lithiated through introduction of the Li0.042MoO3phase into the MoO3structure. XRD and ICP results indicate that the phase composition and lithium content can be regulated by changing the amount of lithium source in the reaction solutions. FESEM and specific surface area measurements show that the particle size becomes more uniform and the surface area is increased when the degree of MoO3lithiation is higher. The lithiated MoO3sample shows better cycling performance than that of pristine MoO3, which is mainly due to the enhanced conductivity and increased surface area of the lithiated MoO3.
Direct generation of floor design spectra (FDS) from uniform hazard spectra (UHS) — Part I: formulation of the method
Authors: Asgarian Amin , McClure Ghyslaine
Published: January 2020

In most current building codes, seismic design of non-structural components (NSCs) is addressed through empirical equations that do not capture NSC response amplification due to tuning effects with higher and torsional modes of buildings and that neglect NSC damping. This work addresses these shortcomings and proposes a practical approach to generate acceleration NSC floor design spectra (FDS) in buildings directly from their corresponding uniform hazard spectra (UHS). The study is based on the linear seismic analysis of 27 reinforced concrete buildings located in Montréal, Canada, for which ambient vibration measurements (AVM) are used to determine their in situ three-dimensional dynamic characteristics. Pseudo acceleration floor response spectra (PA-FRS) are derived at every building floor for four different NSCs damping ratios. The calculated roof FRS are compared with the 5% damped UHS and a formulation is proposed to generate roof FDS for NSCs with 5% damping directly from the UHS.
Direct generation of floor design spectra (FDS) from uniform hazard spectra (UHS) — Part II: extension and application of the method
Authors: Asgarian Amin , McClure Ghyslaine
Published: January 2020

This paper extends the methodology presented in the companion paper to study the effects of non-structural components’ (NSCs) damping ratio and their location in the building on the pseudo-acceleration floor response spectra (PA-FRS) of reinforced concrete buildings, and propose equations to derive floor acceleration design spectra (FDS) directly from the uniform hazard design spectra (UHS) for Montréal, Canada. The buildings used in the study are 27 existing reinforced concrete structures with braced frames and shear walls as their lateral load resisting systems: 12 are low-rise (up to 3 stories above ground), 10 are medium-rise (4 to 7 stories), and 5 are high-rise (10 to 18 stories). Based on statistical and regression analysis of floor acceleration spectra generated from linear dynamic analysis of coupled building–NSC systems, two sets of modification factors are proposed to account for floor elevation and NSC damping, applicable to the experimentally-derived FDS for roof level and 5% NSC damping. Modification factor equations could be derived only for the low-rise and medium-rise building categories, as insufficient correlation in trends could be obtained for high-rises given their low number. The approach is illustrated in detail for two typical buildings of the database, one low-rise (Building #4) and one medium-rise (Building #18), where the proposed FDS/UHS results show agreement with those obtained from detailed dynamic analysis. The work is presented in the context of a more general methodology to show its potential general applicability to other building types and locations.
Coupled sine-Gordon systems in living cellular structure
Authors: Hanif Y. , Saleem U.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we present a coupled sine-Gordon (CSG) system, which describes the dynamics of two deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) twisting strands in open configuration. We investigate the associated linear eigenvalue problem of the CSG system and obtain generalized formulae for multiple soliton solutions by employing the Darboux transformation (DT). Explicit expressions of one- and two-kink and line soliton solutions, single breather and first-order degenerate solutions are obtained by using particular solutions to the associated linear eigenvalue problem. We also present the dynamics of the different solutions.
Lattice hydrodynamic modeling with continuous self-delayed traffic flux integral and vehicle overtaking effect
Authors: Zhai Cong , Wu Weitiao
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a new lattice hydrodynamic model with vehicle overtaking and the continuous self-delayed traffic flux integral. The linear stability condition of the model is derived through the linear stability analysis, which shows that the stable region can be enlarged by increasing the step of delay time. The modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equation is formulated through nonlinear analysis to describe the propagating behavior of traffic density wave near the critical point. The kink–anti-kink solution under different passing constants is also obtained. Results show that when the passing constant is lower than a threshold (Case I) that is associated with the delay time step, uniform flow and kink jam phase exhibits, and jamming transition occurs between the uniform flow and kink jam. When the passing constant exceeds the threshold (Case II), jamming transitions occur from uniform traffic flow to kink-Bando traffic wave through chaotic phase with decreasing sensitivity. Simulation examples verify that when the delay time increases from 0 to 0.6, the fluctuation amplitude of the traffic density is reduced from 0.07 to 0 even with exogenous initial disturbance, whereas under Case II, chaotic traffic flow appears when the density ranges from 0.18 to 0.31 and the delay time is 0.6.
Review—Point-of-Care Urinalysis with Emerging Sensing and Imaging Technologies
Authors: Mahoney Eric , Kun Jessica , Smieja Marek , Fang Qiyin
Published: January 2020

Urine testing is a powerful clinical diagnostic tool. The noninvasive collection of samples and wide range of diagnostic targets found in urine makes urinalysis well suited for point-of-care (PoC) monitoring applications. Complete urinalysis testing faces many limitations due to the large quantity of samples processed, the time required for testing, and the labor involved in sample preparation and processing. Development of PoC urinalysis devices with microfluidic technology can enable the detection of infections and monitoring of chronic disease while reducing the demand on testing facilities. In this article, current approaches in clinical urinalysis are reviewed. Emerging sensing and imaging technologies specifically suitable for point-of-care examination of urine samples are discussed with an outlook on the future of point of care urinalysis devices as well as emerging applications enabled by these technologies such as in situ monitoring of Activities of Daily Living (ADL).
Review—Machine Learning Techniques in Wireless Sensor Network Based Precision Agriculture
Authors: Mekonnen Yemeserach , Namuduri Srikanth , Burton Lamar , Sarwat Arif , Bhansali Shekhar
Published: January 2020

The use of sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT) is key to moving the world’s agriculture to a more productive and sustainable path. Recent advancements in IoT, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have the potential to address some of the environmental, economic, and technical challenges as well as opportunities in this sector. As the number of interconnected devices continues to grow, this generates more big data with multiple modalities and spatial and temporal variations. Intelligent processing and analysis of this big data are necessary to developing a higher level of knowledge base and insights that results in better decision making, forecasting, and reliable management of sensors. This paper is a comprehensive review of the application of different machine learning algorithms in sensor data analytics within the agricultural ecosystem. It further discusses a case study on an IoT based data-driven smart farm prototype as an integrated food, energy, and water (FEW) system.
Estimating the Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Membranes Using a Fracture Percolation Model
Authors: Khattra Narinder Singh , Hannach Mohamed El , Wong Ka Hung , Lauritzen Mike , Kjeang Erik
Published: January 2020

During fuel cell operation, the polymer electrolyte membranes are subjected to chemical and mechanical degradation that have an adverse impact on the membrane lifetime and thus overall durability of the fuel cell. To understand the synergistic effect of these two fundamentally different modes of degradation, it is therefore essential to consider both these effects when modeling membrane failure. A kinetic approach using a fracture percolation model is presented in this work that takes into consideration the hazard rates of chemical and mechanical degradation of the membrane incorporated into a two-dimensional membrane lattice network. While the chemical hazard rate is based on the rate of mass loss occurring during fuel cell operation, the mechanical hazard rate is evaluated based on a stress-induced, thermally activated process. The model captures the characteristic mechanisms of failure under the action of these fundamentally different modes, and converts the hazard functions into realistic time scale. The individual effects of the two modes are then incorporated in the model to predict in agreement with measured data, the time to fracture initiation in the membrane for a given combination of chemical and mechanical load.
The Influence of Surface Stress on the Chemo-Mechanical Behavior of Inverse-Opal-Structured Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Stein Peter , Wissel Sebastian , Xu Bai-Xiang
Published: January 2020

Inverse opals (IO) are three-dimensional ordered porous microstructures with a large specific surface area and high mechanical stability. They exhibit nanoscale geometric features, where surface stresses gain an appreciable impact on the elastic behavior and electrochemical surface reactions. With this study, we aim to gain an understanding of the influence of an IO cathode’s geometry on its chemo-mechanical behavior. We are particularly interested in the impact of the IO’s pore radius on the mechanical stresses, charge kinetics, and the magnitude of capacity losses. To that end, we performed a Finite Element study considering stress-coupled diffusion, mechanically modulated surface reactions, and surface-stress-induced bulk stresses. An inhomogeneous pressure develops in the polyconcave electrode structure, effecting a local reduction of electrode overpotential. This leads to size-dependent losses in the accessible capacity of the electrode material. Its high surface-to-volume ratio, on the other hand, results in significantly enhanced insertion/extraction rates. With decreasing pore size, we observe both faster insertion and a reduction in the achievable lithiation. An optimal electrode pore radius can thus be determined from balancing the requirements of high charge rate against the surface-stress-induced losses in the accessible capacity.
Sex and fiber type independently influence AMPK, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 at rest and during recovery from high-intensity exercise in humans
Authors: Tobias Irene S. , Lazauskas Kara K. , Siu Jeremy , Costa Pablo B. , Coburn Jared W. , Galpin Andrew J.
Published: January 2020

Women and men present different metabolic responses to exercise, yet whether this phenomenon results from differences in fiber type (FT) composition or other sex-specific factors remains unclear. Therefore, our aim was to examine the effects of sex and FT independently on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Tre-2/BUB2/CDC1 domain family (TBC1D)1, and TBC1D4 in response to acute exercise. Segregated pools of myosin heavy chain (MHC) I and MHC IIa fibers were prepared from vastus lateralis biopsies of young trained men and women at rest and during recovery (0 min, 45 min, 90 min, or 180 min) from high-intensity interval exercise (6 × 1.5 min at 95% maximum oxygen uptake). In resting MHC I vs. IIa fibers, AMPKα2, AMPKγ3, and TBC1D1 were higher and TBC1D4 expression was lower in both sexes, along with higher phospho (p)-TBC1D1Ser660and lower p-TBC1D4Thr642. Women expressed higher ACC than men in MHC IIa fibers and higher AMPKβ1, AMPKβ2, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 in both FTs. Immediately after exercise, p-AMPKαThr172increased only in MHC IIa fibers, whereas p-ACCSer221increased in both FTs, with no change in p-TBC1D1Ser660or p-TBC1D4Thr642. During recovery, delayed responses were observed for p-AMPKαThr172in MHC I (45 min), p-TBC1D4Thr642in both FTs (45 min), and p-TBC1D1Ser660(180 min). FT-specific phosphorylation responses to exercise were similar between men and women. Data indicate that sex and FT independently influence expression of AMPK and its substrates. Thus failing to account for sex or FT may reduce accuracy and precision of metabolic protein measurements and conceal key findings.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This investigation is the first to compare muscle fiber type (FT)-specific analysis of proteins between the sexes, providing comprehensive data on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), Tre-2/BUB2/CDC1 domain family (TBC1D)1, and TBC1D4 before and in the hours following high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT). Expression and phosphorylation of specific AMPK isoforms, ACC, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 were shown to be FT dependent, sex dependent, or both, and TBC1D1 showed an unexpected delay in FT-dependent phosphorylation in the time period following HIIT.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of mTOR Pathway-Related Proteins in Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Wang Zuopeng , Zheng Chao , Sun Hongqiang , Yao Wei , Li Kai , Ma Yangyang , Zheng Shan
Published: January 2020

Background: Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have been shown to have excellent effects in the management of kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE); however, the mechanism of action is unclear. This study identified the expressions of mTOR pathway-related proteins in different vascular tumors to provide insight into the pathogenesis of KHE. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the pathologic specimens of 30 patients (KHE, 15; tufted angioma [TA], 5; infantile hemangioma [IH], 5; and lymphatic malformation [LM], 5). The immunohistochemical expression of mTOR-related proteins tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (p-4EBP1), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), and phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (p-P70S6K) were analyzed using Image-Pro Plus software. KHE had the following pattern of expression in the spindle vascular endothelial cells: TSC2 (–); PTEN (–); p-4EBP1 (+); p-mTOR (+); and p-P70S6K (+). Results: All 3 patients treated with sirolimus had good responses. The TA results were similar to KHE with no significant differences (p-4EBP1: p = 0.0687; p-mTOR: p = 0.0832). The expressions of TSC2, PTEN, p-4EBP1, p-mTOR, and p-P70S6K were negative or weakly positive in IH with a statistically significant difference compared to KHE (p-4EBP1: p < 0.001; p-mTOR: p < 0.001; p-P70S6K: p < 0.001). LM had no significant differences when compared to KHE. Conclusions: The absence of TSC2 and PTEN caused abnormal activation of the mTOR signaling pathway and may be involved in the pathogenesis of KHE. The expression of mTOR-related proteins in TA and LM was similar to KHE, unlike IH. The KHE pattern of expression [PTEN (–), TSC2 (–), p-mTOR (+), p-P70S6K (+), and p-4EBP1 (+)] suggested that sirolimus may be a good therapeutic choice.
Rapid Complete Response to Single-Agent Bcl-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in a Heart-Transplanted Patient with Triple Refractory Immunoglobulin Light-Chain Amyloidosis
Authors: Gran Charlotte , Borg Bruchfeld Johanna , Ellin Fredrik , Nahi Hareth
Published: January 2020

Immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis (AL) is a disease with limited treatment options due to the frailty of patients caused by organ damage. Since the clonal plasma cells often contain the cytogenetic aberration t(11;14), the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax is suggested to have a role in the treatment of AL. Here, we report of a heart-transplanted patient, refractory to multiple therapies, reaching a rapid complete response with single-agent venetoclax.
Ventilation with 18, 21, or 100% Oxygen during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of Asphyxiated Piglets: A Randomized Controlled Animal Trial
Authors: Solevåg Anne Lee , Garcia-Hidalgo Catalina , Cheung Po-Yin , Lee Tze-Fun , O'Reilly Megan , Schmölzer Georg M.
Published: January 2020

Background: In previous piglet experiments of profound asphyxia and cardiac arrest, recovery was similar when 21 and 100% oxygen were used for positive pressure ventilation (PPV). There was no consistent reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress in piglets ventilated with 21 or 100% oxygen. Objectives: We aimed to investigate hypoxic resuscitation, i.e., PPV with 18% oxygen, in profoundly asphyxiated piglets with cardiac arrest. We hypothesized that resuscitation with 18% oxygen would result in less inflammation and oxidative stress compared to 21 or 100% oxygen. Method: Twenty-four piglets were exposed to 30 min of normocapnic hypoxia followed by asphyxia until asystole. The piglets were randomized to PPV with 18% oxygen (n = 8), 21% oxygen (n = 8), or 100% oxygen (n = 8), and resuscitated with chest compressions and intravenous epinephrine. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was defined as an unassisted heart rate ≥100 bpm for 15 s. Lactate, GSH (total glutathione), GSSG (oxidized glutathione), and GSSG/GSH ratio were measured in myocardial and frontoparietal cortex homogenates. Interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor α were measured in frontoparietal cortex homogenates. Results: There was no difference in time to ROSC or inflammation and oxidative stress in the 3 oxygen groups. Conclusions: Resuscitation with 18% oxygen did not result in differences in inflammation and oxidative stress when compared to 21 or 100% oxygen.
Budd-Chiari Syndrome after Bilateral Nephrectomy for Polycystic Kidney Disease in a Kidney Transplant Recipient
Authors: Foresto Renato Demarchi , Uenishi Lucas Toshio , Pestana Roberto Carmagnani , Neves Rodrigo Fernandes de Carvalho Azambuja , Aguiar Wilson Ferreira , Tedesco Silva Jr. Hélio , Pestana José Medina
Published: January 2020

We report a rare case of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) as a postoperative complication after bilateral nephrectomy in a kidney transplant recipient with polycystic liver and kidneys. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed a narrowed inferior vena cava, compressed by the polycystic liver that moved downwards after nephrectomy. A stenting angioplasty was performed, resulting in remarkable clinical improvement. This case highlights the need for careful evaluation of polycystic kidneys and their anatomic relationship with the liver before nephrectomy, as well as for considering BCS as a differential diagnosis in similar cases.
Carbon-Coated Stent and the Role of the Kallikrein-Kinin System in Peripheral Angioplasty
Authors: Campos César Presto , Ribeiro Maurício Serra , Rocha Laura Andrade , Dellalibera-Joviliano Renata , Piccinato Carlos Eli , Oda Julie Massayo Maeda , Joviliano Edwaldo Edner
Published: January 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical evolution of patients treated with carbon-coated stent, as well as its patency and the inflammatory response triggered by this process through the quantification of serum elements of the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). Methods: This was a single-center prospective study with 27 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who required percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting of the iliacofemoropopliteal segment using carbon-coated stent grafts (carbostents). The blood concentrations of the total and kininogen fractions were evaluated using immunoenzymatic methods. Plasma kallikrein levels were assessed by the colorimetric method and tissue kallikrein levels were evaluated by the spectrophotometric method. The activity of kininase II was measured by ­fluorometric analysis. Results: Of the 27 patients who completed the 6 months of the study (11 iliac territory, 16 femoropopliteal territory), only one experienced restenosis (3.7%) (femoropopliteal segment) and no patient had occlusion (96.3% of patency). In 1 year, four patients were lost to follow-up and all 23 patients evaluated maintained stent patency, except for the patient who had restenosis throughout the first 6 months. We report complete (100%) member salvage in 12 months of follow-up. The activity levels of high- and low-molecular-weight kininogens decreased significantly over time (before vs. 24 h, p < 0.01; before vs. 6 months, p < 0.001, and before vs. 24 h, p < 0.01; before vs. 6 months, p < 0.001; 24 h vs. 6 months, p < 0.001, respectively). Patients also had signiﬁcantly lower levels of plasma and tissue kallikrein (before vs. 24 h, p < 0.001; before vs. 6 months, p < 0.001, and before vs. 24 h, p < 0.01; before vs. 6 months, p < 0.05, respectively). There was a significant increase in the enzymatic activity of kininase II at 24 h and after 6 months compared to the pre-treatment control (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our early experience shows that the use of carbon-coated stents in PAD appears to be safe, with low rates of early restenosis (3.7% in the first 6 months and 5% in the 12 months of follow-up). We concluded that KKS was involved in the inflammatory response caused by the placement of carbon-coated stents.
Apitherapy for Osteoarthritis: Perspectives from Basic Research
Authors: Jagua-Gualdrón Andrés , Peña-Latorre José Adolfo , Fernadez-Bernal Roger Edwin
Published: January 2020

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common rheumatic disease in the world and one of the leading causes of disability in the elderly. There is still no curative management for the disease, so the search for new therapeutic alternatives continues. ­Apitherapy is a therapeutic tool based on the use of beehive products used since ancient times and, at present, their mechanism of action begins to be known. Many of the mechanisms of action of the beehive products are useful for chronic articular pathophysiological processes such as those described in osteoarthritis. This article presents a review of the current state of understanding of the mechanisms through which bee venom, propolis, honey, pollen, and royal jelly may act on osteoarthritis.
As Centrais Sindicais e a Reforma Trabalhista: enfrentamentos e dificuldades
Authors: Colombi Ana Paula Fregnani
Published: January 2020

O artigo procura responder por que o movimento sindical encontrou dificuldades para disputar os parâmetros da reforma trabalhista aprovada em 2017 no Brasil. Para isso analisa a estratégia das duas maiores centrais sindicais (CUT e FS). Na primeira seção, o artigo explora as mudanças nas práticas dessas entidades decorrentes da estratégia de parceria social adotada nos governos do pt. Na segunda seção, o texto mostra como essas organizações têm seguido estratégias distintas no cenário pós-impeachment. Considerando a interação entre contexto e estratégia sindical, argumenta-se que os efeitos do distanciamento do movimento sindical da realidade do trabalho no Brasil combinado a um contexto nacional marcado pela instabilidade política e econômica fizeram emergir grandes dificuldades de diálogo com a sociedade sobre os efeitos perversos da reforma trabalhista.
Edemilson Paraná. Digitalized finance: financial capitalism and informational revolution
Authors: Pimenta Alexandre Marinho
Published: January 2020

Resenha do livro de Edemilson Paraná, Digitalized Finance: Financial Capitalism and Informational Revolution, Leiden, Boston, Brill, 2019.
Percursos migratórios intergeracionais e dinâmicas de implantação de imigrantes estrangeiros no oeste paulista (1880-1950)
Authors: Truzzi Oswaldo Mário Serra , Volante João Pedro
Published: January 2020

Do que dependeu a implantação geográfica dos diversos contingentes de imigrantes que se estabeleceram no interior paulista, entre as décadas de 1880 e 1950? Este artigo busca responder a tal questão. Para tanto, parte do reconhecimento da existência de uma fronteira em contínua expansão no território paulista, que significou também uma contínua mobilidade das famílias imigrantes. A partir de uma série de fontes documentais, censitárias e da realização de várias entrevistas, elaborou-se então um modelo para se explicar a implantação geográfica dos imigrantes, estruturado segundo determinadas variáveis. Conclui-se que uma fronteira agrícola em contínua expansão, aliada à retração econômica e ao esvaziamento rural de certas áreas a partir dos anos 1930 determinaram um intenso deslocamento de famílias e indivíduos no território.
“Quero encontrar leitores reais, descobrir suas respostas aos livros e suas práticas de leitura”
Authors: Araujo Nathanael , Da Costa Ana Paula
Published: January 2020

Entrevista com Martyn Lyons
Expériences de carcéralité
Authors: Chantraine Gilles , Delcourt Laura
Published: January 2020

Cet article se base sur une enquête qualitative sur les conditions de sortie des détenus les plus pauvres en France et de leur recherche d’un logement. 44 entretiens ont été menés avec des professionnels de l’insertion. Déplaçant le regard théorique depuis l’effet de clôture de l’enfermement vers l’analyse des continuités expérientielles de part et d’autre des murs de la prison, l’analyse replace l’épreuve de l’enfermement dans une expérience de “carcéralité” qui l’englobe et la déplace. Dans cet article, il s’agit moins de résumer l’ensemble des résultats concernant l’accès au logement des sortants de prison en France, que de se focaliser sur trois paradoxes qui restent souvent dans l’ombre de la sociologie de la prison, et qui appellent à en revisiter certaines routines. D’abord, l’incarcération elle-même constitue moins un “choc carcéral” qu’une expérience banale dans une trajectoire de grande précarité; par ailleurs, la “loi d’airain”, qui veut que les conditions de détention soient pires que les conditions de vie du travailleur pauvre à l’extérieur, trouve ses limites dans l’expérience de celui pour qui la prison devient un asile protecteur. Ensuite, la sortie se caractérise par une impréparation et une incertitude radicale dont pâtissent tout particulièrement les détenus les plus pauvres. Il s’agit moins d’une “libération” qu’une plongée et un retour à la précarité la plus crue. Pour le dire en d’autres termes, la libération ne met pas fin à la peine, elle en fait partie intégrante. Enfin, l’accès à un hébergement, qui se présente souvent comme la seule option, prolonge l’expérience carcérale: concentration d’anciens détenus, insalubrité, violence et discipline forment la trame de la vie quotidienne en leur sein.