bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Photochemical Energy Transfer Accompanied by Structural Changes in Thylakoid Membranes of Heat-Stressed Wheat
Authors: Marutani Yoko , Yamauchi Yasuo , Miyoshi Akihito , Inoue Kanako , Ikeda Ken-ichi , Mizutani Masaharu , Sugimoto Yukihiro
Published: December 2014

Photosystems of higher plants alleviate heat-induced damage in the presence of light under moderate stressed conditions; however, in the absence of light (i.e., in the dark), the same plants are damaged more easily. (Yamauchi and Kimura, 2011) We demonstrate that regulating photochemical energy transfer in heat-treated wheat at 40 °C with light contributed to heat tolerance of the photosystem. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis using heat-stressed wheat seedlings in light showed increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence, which was due to thermal dissipation that was increased by state 1 to state 2 transition. Transmission electron microscopy revealed structural changes in thylakoid membranes, including unstacking of grana regions under heat stress in light. It was accompanied by the phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins such as D1 and D2 proteins and the light harvesting complex II proteins Lhcb1 and Lhcb2. These results suggest that heat stress at 40 °C in light induces state 1 to state 2 transition for the preferential excitation of photosystem I (PSI) by phosphorylating thylakoid proteins more strongly. Structural changes of thylakoid membrane also assist the remodeling of photosystems and regulation of energy distribution by transition toward state 2 probably contributes to plastoquione oxidation; thus, light-driven electrons flowing through PSI play a protective role against PSII damage under heat stress.
l-Cystathionine Inhibits the Mitochondria-Mediated Macrophage Apoptosis Induced by Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein
Authors: Zhu Mingzhu , Du Junbao , Chen Siyao , Liu Angie , Holmberg Lukas , Chen Yonghong , Zhang Chunyu , Tang Chaoshu , Jin Hongfang
Published: December 2014

This study was designed to investigate the regulatory role of l-cystathionine in human macrophage apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its possible mechanisms. THP-1 cells were induced with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and differentiated into macrophages. Macrophages were incubated with ox-LDL after pretreatment with l-cystathionine. Superoxide anion, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening were examined. Caspase-9 activities and expression of cleaved caspase-3 were measured. The results showed that compared with control group, ox-LDL treatment significantly promoted superoxide anion generation, release of cytochrome c (cytc) from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and cell apoptosis, in addition to reduced mitochondrial membrane potential as well as increased MPTP opening. However, 0.3 and 1.0 mmol/L l-cystathionine significantly reduced superoxide anion generation, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, and markedly decreased MPTP opening in ox-LDL + l-cystathionine macrophages. Moreover, compared to ox-LDL treated-cells, release of cytc from mitochondrion into cytoplasm, caspase-9 activities, cleavage of caspase-3, and apoptosis levels in l-cystathionine pretreated cells were profoundly attenuated. Taken together, our results suggested that l-cystathionine could antagonize mitochondria-mediated human macrophage apoptosis induced by ox-LDL via inhibition of cytc release and caspase activation.
Regulation of Three Nitrogenase Gene Clusters in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413
Authors: Thiel Teresa , Pratte Brenda
Published: December 2014

The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 fixes nitrogen under aerobic conditions in specialized cells called heterocysts that form in response to an environmental deficiency in combined nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation is mediated by the enzyme nitrogenase, which is very sensitive to oxygen. Heterocysts are microxic cells that allow nitrogenase to function in a filament comprised primarily of vegetative cells that produce oxygen by photosynthesis. A. variabilis is unique among well-characterized cyanobacteria in that it has three nitrogenase gene clusters that encode different nitrogenases, which function under different environmental conditions. The nif1 genes encode a Mo-nitrogenase that functions only in heterocysts, even in filaments grown anaerobically. The nif2 genes encode a different Mo-nitrogenase that functions in vegetative cells, but only in filaments grown under anoxic conditions. An alternative V-nitrogenase is encoded by vnf genes that are expressed only in heterocysts in an environment that is deficient in Mo. Thus, these three nitrogenases are expressed differentially in response to environmental conditions. The entire nif1 gene cluster, comprising at least 15 genes, is primarily under the control of the promoter for the first gene, nifB1. Transcriptional control of many of the downstream nif1 genes occurs by a combination of weak promoters within the coding regions of some downstream genes and by RNA processing, which is associated with increased transcript stability. The vnf genes show a similar pattern of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of expression suggesting that the complex pattern of regulation of the nif1 cluster is conserved in other cyanobacterial nitrogenase gene clusters.
Drive the Drive: From Discrete Motion Plans to Smooth Drivable Trajectories
Authors: Andreasson Henrik , Saarinen Jari , Cirillo Marcello , Stoyanov Todor , Lilienthal Achim
Published: December 2014

Autonomous navigation in real-world industrial environments is a challenging task in many respects. One of the key open challenges is fast planning and execution of trajectories to reach arbitrary target positions and orientations with high accuracy and precision, while taking into account non-holonomic vehicle constraints. In recent years, lattice-based motion planners have been successfully used to generate kinematically and kinodynamically feasible motions for non-holonomic vehicles. However, the discretized nature of these algorithms induces discontinuities in both state and control space of the obtained trajectories, resulting in a mismatch between the achieved and the target end pose of the vehicle. As endpose accuracy is critical for the successful loading and unloading of cargo in typical industrial applications, automatically planned paths have not been widely adopted in commercial AGV systems. The main contribution of this paper is a path smoothing approach, which builds on the output of a lattice-based motion planner to generate smooth drivable trajectories for non-holonomic industrial vehicles. The proposed approach is evaluated in several industrially relevant scenarios and found to be both fast (less than 2 s per vehicle trajectory) and accurate (end-point pose errors below 0.01 m in translation and 0.005 radians in orientation).
The Influences of Humorous Advertising on Brand Popularity and Advertising Effects in the Tourism Industry
Authors: Chang Wan , Chang I
Published: December 2014

With a diversity of promotional channels and ever-increasing numbers of participants, the tourism industry in Taiwan faces keen competition. Along with the direct cross-strait flights policy, groups like Eastern Multimedia Group, Tsann Kuen Enterprise Company Limited and Want Want China Times Group have founded travel agencies for the purpose of increasing their market share in the tourism industry. Therefore, the formulation of marketing strategies has become a critical issue for all travel agencies that wish to ensure their prominence in the market. The frequent use of humorous materials and appeals has been the main tendency in advertising. However, no consistent conclusions regarding the actual effects of humorous advertising have been determined. The subjects of the current study were users of the Lion Travel website. Online questionnaires were sent to and collected from random respondents. One hundred questionnaires were delivered, and 512 valid questionnaires were collected. Each collected questionnaire represented a valid sample. The study generated the following five results: (1) humorous advertisements may partially influence brand awareness; (2) humorous elements may partially influence advertising effects; (3) brand awareness has significant positive effects on the advertising attitude of advertising effects; (4) brand awareness has significant positive effects on the brand attitude of advertising effects; (5) brand awareness has significant positive effects on the purchasing intention of advertising effects. Eventually, it is anticipated that the results of this study can serve as a reference and provide suggestions for humorous advertising strategies in the tourism industry.
Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: An Overview of Their Biocidal Activity
Authors: Palma Leopoldo , Muñoz Delia , Berry Colin , Murillo Jesús , Caballero Primitivo
Published: December 2014

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium that synthesizes parasporal crystalline inclusions containing Cry and Cyt proteins, some of which are toxic against a wide range of insect orders, nematodes and human-cancer cells. These toxins have been successfully used as bioinsecticides against caterpillars, beetles, and flies, including mosquitoes and blackflies. Bt also synthesizes insecticidal proteins during the vegetative growth phase, which are subsequently secreted into the growth medium. These proteins are commonly known as vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips) and hold insecticidal activity against lepidopteran, coleopteran and some homopteran pests. A less well characterized secretory protein with no amino acid similarity to Vip proteins has shown insecticidal activity against coleopteran pests and is termed Sip (secreted insecticidal protein). Bin-like and ETX_MTX2-family proteins (Pfam PF03318), which share amino acid similarities with mosquitocidal binary (Bin) and Mtx2 toxins, respectively, from Lysinibacillus sphaericus, are also produced by some Bt strains. In addition, vast numbers of Bt isolates naturally present in the soil and the phylloplane also synthesize crystal proteins whose biological activity is still unknown. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the known active Bt toxins to date and discuss their activities.
KSHV LANA—The Master Regulator of KSHV Latency
Authors: Uppal Timsy , Banerjee Sagarika , Sun Zhiguo , Verma Subhash , Robertson Erle
Published: December 2014

Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV), like other human herpes viruses, establishes a biphasic life cycle referred to as dormant or latent, and productive or lytic phases. The latent phase is characterized by the persistence of viral episomes in a highly ordered chromatin structure and with the expression of a limited number of viral genes. Latency Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) is among the most abundantly expressed proteins during latency and is required for various nuclear functions including the recruitment of cellular machineries for viral DNA replication and segregation of the replicated genomes to daughter cells. LANA achieves these functions by recruiting cellular proteins including replication factors, chromatin modifying enzymes and cellular mitotic apparatus assembly. LANA directly binds to the terminal repeat region of the viral genome and associates with nucleosomal proteins to tether to the host chromosome. Binding of LANA to TR recruits the replication machinery, thereby initiating DNA replication within the TR. However, other regions of the viral genome can also initiate replication as determined by Single Molecule Analysis of the Replicated DNA (SMARD) approach. Recent, next generation sequence analysis of the viral transcriptome shows the expression of additional genes during latent phase. Here, we discuss the newly annotated latent genes and the role of major latent proteins in KSHV biology.
Brazilian World Cup 2014: Terrorism, Tourism, and Social Conflict
Authors: Korstanje Maximiliano E. , Tzanelli Rodanthi , Clayton Anthony
Published: December 2014

The World cup transcends the interests of culture and nations worldwide. Every 4 years, delegations from the four corners of the world compete for a month. The mass tourist demand an event of this caliber generates prompts policy makers and tourism scholars to devote considerable time
in planning in detail the infrastructure and service industry for the benefit of incomers. Unfortunately, in areas of the world plagued by political instability, some groups may use the media events to communicate radical messages to the state. For similar reasons many specialists have studied
terrorist attack prevention in the context of event management. This present article is based on the FIFA World Cup in Brazil 2014 to illustrate that terrorism and tourism have been historically intertwined.
Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects
Authors: Shang Li , Nienhaus Karin , Jiang Xiue , Yang Linxiao , Landfester Katharina , Mailänder Volker , Simmet Thomas , Nienhaus G Ulrich
Published: December 2014

Engineered nanomaterials are known to enter human cells, often via active endocytosis. Mechanistic details of the interactions between nanoparticles (NPs) with cells are still not well enough understood. NP size is a key parameter that controls the endocytic mechanism and affects the cellular uptake yield. Therefore, we have systematically analyzed the cellular uptake of fluorescent NPs in the size range of 3.3–100 nm (diameter) by live cells. By using spinning disk confocal microscopy in combination with quantitative image analysis, we studied the time courses of NP association with the cell membrane and subsequent internalization. NPs with diameters of less than 10 nm were observed to accumulate at the plasma membrane before being internalized by the cells. In contrast, larger NPs (100 nm) were directly internalized without prior accumulation at the plasma membrane, regardless of their surface charges. We attribute this distinct size dependence to the requirement of a sufficiently strong local interaction of the NPs with the endocytic machinery in order to trigger the subsequent internalization.
Baseline CD4+ T-cell Count and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Predict the Evolution of Cognitive Performance During 2-Year follow-up in HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Ciccarelli Nicoletta , Grima Pierfrancesco , Fabbiani Massimiliano , Baldonero Eleonora , Borghetti Alberto , Milanini Benedetta , Limiti Silio , Colafigli Manuela , Tamburrini Enrica , Cauda Roberto , De Luca Andrea , Giambenedetto Simona Di
Published: December 2014

Background

The aim of our study was to better understand the dynamics between cardiovascular risk factors and immunological parameters in the evolution of cognitive performance in HIV+ patients.

Methods

We conducted a prospective longitudinal study, consecutively enrolling asymptomatic HIV+ subjects during routine outpatient visits at two clinical centres. At baseline and after 2 years, all patients underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was also measured.

Results

A total of 150 patients completed the study (77% males, median age 46 years, 20% with past AIDS-defining events, 95% on cART, 88% with HIV-RNA<50 copies/ml). After a 2-year follow-up, there was no difference in the proportion of patients with cognitive impairment (32% versus 33% at baseline; P=1.00). However, a significantly worse memory performance was observed (z score mean change -0.51, sd 1.05; P=0.001). At multivariate analysis, baseline dyslipidaemia (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1, 7.1; P=0.037) showed a significant association with a higher risk of memory impairment at 2-year follow-up, while higher baseline CD4+ T-cell count (OR 0.80 per 100 cells/ml higher; 95% CI 0.66, 0.97; P=0.026) was found to be a protective factor, adjusting for the presence of a memory impairment at baseline. When the analysis was restricted to patients who did not change antiretroviral therapy during the study period ( n=109), baseline cIMT (OR 14.6 per 0.1 mm higher; 95% CI 1.1, 189.9; P=0.041) also emerged as an independent risk factor for memory impairment at 2-year follow-up.

Conclusions

Immunological parameters and cardiovascular risk factors are independently associated with the evolution of cognitive status in HIV+ patients.
A semi-automated workflow for biodiversity data retrieval, cleaning, and quality control
Authors: Mathew Cherian , Güntsch Anton , Obst Matthias , Vicario Saverio , Haines Robert , Williams Alan , de Jong Yde , Goble Carole
Published: December 2014

The compilation and cleaning of data needed for analyses and prediction of species distributions is a time consuming process requiring a solid understanding of data formats and service APIs provided by biodiversity informatics infrastructures. We designed and implemented a Taverna-based Data Refinement Workflow which integrates taxonomic data retrieval, data cleaning, and data selection into a consistent, standards-based, and effective system hiding the complexity of underlying service infrastructures. The workflow can be freely used both locally and through a web-portal which does not require additional software installations by users.
Écran, anamorphose et construction d'un espace transitionnel
Authors: Rappaport Clémentine
Published: December 2014

Ce cas clinique illustre la première année de traitement psychothérapique d’un enfant de 2 ans et demi atteint de troubles du spectre autistique sévères. La thérapie se déroule en présence de la mère. Le chemin parcouru avec Mathys et sa mère durant les séances est un voyage partagé. La découverte fortuite de l’utilisation d’un écran de smartphone en séance par l’enfant ouvre des questions théoriques sur la schize de l’œil et du regard chez un enfant autiste.
La synchronie et le mamanais dans les films familiaux peuvent-ils nous éclairer sur la dynamique interactive précoce des bébés futurs autistes avec leurs parents ?
Authors: Saint-Georges Catherine
Published: December 2014

L’autisme se résume-t-il à un déficit irrémédiable d’une zone du cerveau ou bien est-il le fruit d’un processus impliquant en proportion variable « équipement » du bébé et interaction ? La connaissance des premiers processus qui conduisent au tableau autistique caractérisé est cruciale, tant pour comprendre la psychopathologie autistique que pour intervenir précocement. Les recherches cliniques et théoriques de Marie-Christine Laznik l’ont conduite à s’intéresser à la voix comme objet primaire de la pulsion, capable d’enchanter même un bébé autiste, à la condition qu’elle traduise la joie suscitée par ce bébé (mamanais) . Cette hypothèse nous introduit au cœur de la dynamique interactive des bébés autistes avec leur care-giver. L’étude des films familiaux permet d’appréhender et d’objectiver les premières compétences du bébé mais aussi les premières interactions, leur réciprocité (ou synchronie), et l’évolution de cette dynamique interactive. Les bébés autistes manquent très précocement d’intérêt pour l’autre, et notamment sa voix. Cela retentira sans doute sur leur intersubjectivité en construction. En réponse, les parents confrontés à ces bébés s’adaptent en s’efforçant de les solliciter plus. Reste à savoir s’ils peuvent encore prendre du plaisir avec ces bébés qui semblent si indifférents ?
Des suivis de prévention en PMI , un exemple de travail en réseau
Authors: Winsland-Moineau Joanna
Published: December 2014

Il s’agit de la présentation de trois enfants suivis dans le cadre de consultations de PMI , dépistés par un médecin formé aux signes de risque autistique dans le cadre du protocole de la recherche PRÉAUT . Cet article montre l’efficacité du travail de prévention précoce et ses effets sur la problématique de chaque enfant.
Des droits et des aspi rations...À propos du livre de Josef Schovanec, Je suis à l'Est !
Authors: Bentata Hervé
Published: December 2014

À partir du témoignage de Josef Schovanec, un « savant et autiste » comme il se déclare, l’auteur tente d’en reprendre les idées forces qui permettent, par leur prise de hauteur, de sortir l’autisme d’une vision purement déficitaire et de handicap, comme d’une vision de pure maladie, tout en redressant de nombreux préjugés concernant par exemple l’absence d’humour des autistes ou bien la toxicité de la psychanalyse. Nous revoilà recentrés sur les vraies questions : droits et aspirations des personnes avec autismes, et non plus querelles de clocher.
Connaissance objective et intuition de la durée
Authors: Larroque Michel
Published: December 2014

La conscience ordinaire est conscience d’objet. Elle s’enracine dans la perception, se continue dans la science, s’incarne dans la volonté. Elle clive la personne et la rend étrangère à elle-même. Mais elle dissimule la durée qui coule en nous comme la source de notre être. L’intuition qui nous la révèle est une conscience sans objet. Elle ouvre l’accès à des expériences hors de portée de la connaissance objective. Ces expériences peuvent être psychologiques comme le jeu des habitudes supérieures ou spirituelles comme l’activité mystique dans le zen ou le quiétisme chrétien.
Improved Power Performance of Activated Carbon Anode by Fe2O3 Addition in Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Peng Xin Hong , Chu Xi Zhang , Huang Peng Fei , Shan Ke
Published: December 2014

Poor energy output and high cost are the key factors to inhibit the development and application of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Different types of modification techniques for anode material are suggested to improve power performance in MFCs. nanoFe2O3 is characteristics of no toxicity, biocompatibility and low cost. In this work, stainless steel mesh (SSM), ultracapacitor activated carbon with SSM (AcM), Fe2O3 added AcM (AMF) anodes are investigated to improve MFCs performance. The highest maximum power density (806 ± 26 mW·m-2) is obtained in AMF anode, which is 11 % higher than that of AcM (730 ± 27 mW·m-2), and 57 folds higher than that of SSM anode (12 ± 0.7 mW·m-2). The semi-conducting properties of passive film on the anode surface play a rather important role in anodic reaction by Mott-Schottky analysis. Tafel test demonstrates that the exchange current density (8.36×10-4 A·m-2) is improved by 20 % for AMF compared with AcM control (6.93×10-4 A·m-2). These results show AcM is suitable as MFCs anode, and further addition of Fe2O3 can increase the extracellular electron transfer in that way increase power production in MFCs.
Research of Energy Saving about Water Treatment by Microbubble Flotation
Authors: Li Zhe Kun , Xie Kang Lin , Song Yan Hong , He Wei , Fan Yu Jin , Shi Wen Li
Published: December 2014

The paper uses the microbubble flotation device made by ourselves to clean the water in the Dianchi Lake, the microbubble is produced by electrolysis, the testing and results analysis showed that shortening the distance of electrodes and adding a little amount of electrolyte can effectively reduce energy consumption. Excessive pursuit of the treatment effect is not conducive for reducing energy consumption. An optimization of the current density and processing time is important. It provides good valuable reference for microbubble flotation water treatment.
Research on Application of Air Source Heat Pump Hot Water System in Energy Saving Building
Authors: Ma Rui Hua
Published: December 2014

Air source heat pump hot water system is a kind of high efficient energy saving technology model, and it has no pollution to the environment. In this paper, a bathroom of one college in Panzhihua area is researched as a project example, and the working principle of air source heat pump hot water system is introduced, furthermore, the system benefit is analyzed. The result proves the air source heat pump hot water system has good economic benefits, energy saving and environmental protection benefits, and it has a broad development space and application prospect in building energy saving.
Total Factor Energy Productivity and Efficiency in the Yangtze Delta Region: An Application of DEA-Malmquist Index
Authors: Yang Xiao Wei
Published: December 2014

This paper used data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist index method to analyze the total factors energy productivity (TFEP) and efficiency of 16 cities in the Yangtze Delta region from the year 2008 to 2012. According to the computational results, the average TFEP of 16 cities during 1998-2012 is 0.978, and the average total factor energy efficiency (TFEE) is 1.011, while the average total factor energy technological change (TFTC) is 0.969. So the rapid drop of TFEP is mainly ascribable to the rapid drop of TFTC in the Yangtze Delta region. Specific to different cities and different period, there exists significant inequality catch-up effect and innovation effect in the Yangtze Delta region. In which, the catch-up effect of Nanjing, Suzhou, Yangzhou, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Taizhou1 and Jiaxing is evident, while the innovation effect of Shanghai, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi and Zhoushan is more significant.
Development of Software of Climate Analysis for Generation the Energy with Wind Turbine
Authors: Mauledoux Mauricio M. , Mejía-Ruda Edilberto , Avilés Oscar F.S.
Published: December 2014

This work seeks to analyze the feasibility to integrate a renewable hybrid energy resource in the DC smart grid for the campus of Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG), which is located in Cajica - Cundinamarca. Taking the wind energy as the selected renewable resource, we developed software in Matlab® in order to do the analysis of meteorological data based on the Weibull’s probabilistic distribution model and the Betz’s efficient energy use method. The software shows the wind speed and power analysis based on its data input (atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed and direction, etc.) of the study site. The software also allows the simultaneous and differential power analysis of different types of commercial wind turbines, which is characterized and implemented into the software, for the appropriate selection. Moreover, the user is able to upload its own meteorological files or use a data base from any weather station, such as those installed by the Regional Autonomous Corporation (CAR).
Dissolution of 238U from Low-Level Contaminated Soil by Acidithiobacillus Ferrooxidans
Authors: Mao Xue Li , Ding Zhou Xuan , Yuan Shi Bin
Published: December 2014

Dissolution behavior of238U from low-level contaminated soil was investigated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans) . It was found that the removal rate of238U by A. ferrooxidans was much higher than that of deionized water. The A. ferrooxidans can promote the dissolution of238U and the removal rate can achieve 94.50 %. Furthermore, the turnover rate of soil nutrients of A. ferrooxidans treated sample was much lower than that of dissolution by deionized water, and the soil fertility was maintained. This work illustrated the efficacy of leaching of uranium by the involvement of bacteria by indirect mechanism.
Removal of Zinc Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Micro-Electrolysis and Iron Hydroxide Self-Flocculation
Authors: Li Tian Guo , Xu Xiao Jun , Liu Shu Li , Nie Rui
Published: December 2014

This study was performed to determine the feasibility of enhancing removal of zinc ions from aqueous solutions using an iron-carbon internal micro-electrolysis (ICIME) followed by iron hydroxide self-flocculation (IHSF) process. Results shown that the Zn2+ removal using ICIME was improved by IHSF significantly. The pH=3, mass ratio of Fe/AC=2: 1, hydraulic reaction time=30min of ICIME and pH=9, both aeration time and static placing time were 60min of IHSF were proposed as the optimum conditions. Under these conditions, the removal efficiency and residual concentration of Zn2+ from lead and zinc smelting wastewater were reached 99.10%, 1.32mg/L. Meanwhile, other metal ions and the F- also were removed effectively. Lead and zinc smelting wastewater could meet the discharging standard (integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996)) of China. The Zn2+ removal was significantly influenced by other metal ions existing in aqueous solutions. Contrast and breakthrough time experiment indicated the Compare with single Fe and ICIME, ICIME followed by IHSF have a higher efficiency and bearing capacity for Zn2+ removal. ICIME removal of Zn2+ enhanced by IHSF is a feasible method.
Soil Enzyme Activities of Wetland in Liangzi Lake
Authors: Xiong Han Feng
Published: December 2014

Soil enzyme activity is closely related to ecosystem course and function.Tendency and intensity of different biochemical course carried on in the soil was reflected by enzyme activity. This paper deals with the soil enzyme activity, content of organic matter, N,P 'and the relation of the enzyme activity with soil organic matter, N,P in soil of Liangzi Lake wetland by soil samples analyzed. The results shows that in the wetland soil,the urease activity is 0.397-0.652 mg/g ;the phosphatase activity is phenol6.52-11.53 mg/g; The activity of Cellulase in the soil is 0.397 - 0.652 mg/g. The change trend of Cellulase and phosphatase activity throughout the year is summer > autumn > winter > spring. The change trend of urinary enzyme throughout the year is summer > spring > autumn > winter. There is notably positive correlation between the urease activity and soil available nitrogen. There is notably positive corelation between the phosphatase activity and soil available P in the paddy field.There is notably positive correlation between the Cellulase activity and soil organic matter.
Effects of a Solid Waste Containing Cr(VI) Detoxified with Biomass on the Germination of Seeds
Authors: Gu Nan Nan , Wang Tian Gui , Li Qiang
Published: December 2014

The effects of a solid waste containing Cr (VI) (SWCC) detoxified with orange peel (OP) and pineapple peel (PP) on the development of seeds were investigated. The results show that PP does better than OP. In the composites of PP, SWCC and soils, all the tested seeds (peanut, maize, green Chinese cabbage, soybean and garlic) grow if SWCC content is lower than 10%. The seeds, however, indicated variant resistance to SWCC, and garlic behaved best. It is possible to grow vegetables or plants with the composites of biomass, SWCC and soils, but it is also necessary to optimize the proportions for each of the kinds.
Effect of Activated Carbon Fiber Properties on Ca2+ Removal by Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Gao Qing Jun , Liu Xue Xin , Yuan Lei , Zhang Kai
Published: December 2014

Three activated carbon fibers, namely Sample A, B, and C, were used as electrodes for Ca2+ removal by capacitive deionization in this study. The physical properties of ACFs were comprehensively investigated with regard to surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, specific capacitance, and contact angle. An internal correlation was intended to reveal between the ACF properties and their CDI performance. Pseduo-first-order adsorption kinetics model could successfully depict the Ca2+ removal with different ACF electrodes. Based on the fitting parameters, Sample B with the highest pore volume, specific capacitance, and hydrophilicity exhibited the highest equilibrium electrosorption capacity (9.977 mg-Ca2+/g-ACF). However, Sample A with the highest average pore diameter (2.4 nm) has the highest rate constant (0.074/min). Even though the abundant micropores with diameters less than 2 nm created large specific surface area in Sample C, its uptake of Ca2+ was not as good as that of Sample A.
Interactions between Soil Water and Fertilizer Application on Fine Root Biomass Yield and Morphology of Catalpa bungei Seedlings
Authors: Qiu Quan , Li Ji Yue , Wang Jun Hui , He Qian , Su Yan , Ma Jian Wei
Published: December 2014

Through a pot experiment using rotatable central composite design (RCCD) with three factors, five levels, twenty runs, fine root biomass yield (BY), total length (TL), surface area (SA) and total volume (TV) of clone 004-1 ofCatalpa bungeiseedlings under different treatments was determined, and then the mathematical models were established to study the main factor effects, monofactor effect and coupling effects of soil water(W), nitrogen application (N) and phosphorus application (P) on fine root biomass yield and morphological characteristics ofC.bungeiseedlings. Results showed thatNhad a significantly positive effect on BY, TL, SA and TV,Phad a significantly positive effect on BY, TL and SA,Whad a significantly negative effect on TL and SA, and the size sequence of main factor effects was:N>P>W. Monofactor effect analysis results showed that the values of BY, TL, SA and TV first increased and then decreased withNincreasing, and BY, TL, SA increased linearly withPincreasing. ForW, TL, SA decreased linearly and TV first increased and then decreased withWincreasing. Interaction ofW×Nhad a significantly positive effect on BY, TL, SA and TV ofC. bungeiseedlings, and the values of four parameters increased gradually withWandNincreasing. However, interactions ofW×P,N×Pboth affected four parameters non-significantly. In conclusion, root biomass and morphological characteristics ofC. bungeiseedlings showed distinct responses to soil water and fertilizer factors, andW, NandPalso influenced fine root growth ofC. bungeiseedlings differently. We recommended that fine root growth ofC. bungeiseedlings could be promoted by the rational method combined irrigation and fertilizer application.
Effect of Heavy Metals Cu and Zn in Typical Farmland Soil on Enzyme Activity and Microbial Biomass in a Local Area of Eastern China
Authors: Yu Lei , Cheng Jie Min
Published: December 2014

This work regards the three main soil types in local area of eastern China as the research objects, that is, cinnamon, fluvo-aquic and brown soils are conducted corresponding investigations. In order to analyze the effects which Cu and Zn exert on urease’s and catalase’s activity as well as the microbial biomass carbon, the exogenous Cu and Zn were added to the gathered surface soil with the depth of 0-20cm.
Vertical Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sugarcane Soils by Using Sugarcane Vinasse
Authors: Chen Li Jun , Wang Xiao Fei , Guo Hai Rong , Xu Gui Ping , Wei Meng Meng
Published: December 2014

This paper studied the vertical distribution of heavy metals in sugarcane soils by using sugarcane vinasse. The results showed that the sugarcane vinasse not only reduced the pH value of the sugarcane fields, but also increased the concentration of organic matter. The Cu content decreased with soil depth, and six sampling points appeared peaks in the range of 30~40cm.There was not obvious change of Cd content in soil depth of 0~60cm. And the content of Zn and Pb showed different changes with different sampling points. The study also showed that the mobility of four heavy metals followed the order Cu> Zn> Pb> Cd. Besides, the content of Cu and Cd in some layers were exceeded soil background value of Guangxi. The geo-accumulation index indicated that the 36 samples collected from different layers were not contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd, and the sugarcane soils were in clean state.
The Compressive Strength of Flemish Bond Wall by Exploiting Spent Copper Slag from Shipyard Waste
Authors: Salleh Salmaliza , Md Ghazaly Shaaban , Hilmi Mahmud , Rao Suresh
Published: December 2014

This research has been conducted to investigate the compressive strength of Flemish bond spent copper slag masonry wall. The spent copper slag was taken from a shipyard and repair company in Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia. In total three (3) sets of brick wall were built based on different percentage of spent copper slag replacement in bricks. The first set was arranged with 0% spent copper slag replacement bricks. It is used as the control set. The rest 2 sets were prepared by replacing 20% and 30% of sand in the bricks with spent copper slag. These bricks and walls were undergone physical tests such as compressive test, moisture content, density and leaching tests to satisfy the minimum requirement of a standard brick.
Advanced Treatment of Coking Wastewater by Electro-Coagulation
Authors: Tang Hai , Sha Jun Peng , Ou Yang Long , Zhao Xiang
Published: December 2014

The degradation behavior and mechanism of biologically pretreated coking wastewater (BPCW) were investigated by means of a lab-scale electro-coagulation (EC) in static methods. The results showed that the percent COD and color removal can reach 80.5 % and 95.4 % respectively under the optimal conditions (initial pH of 8.0; reaction time of 30 min; current density of 14.0 mA/cm2 and NaCl dosage 1.6 g/L).
Study on Eu Doped ZnO Photocatalytic Degradation of Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Luo Li Chen , Zhu Lei , Wang Xun
Published: December 2014

In this paper,europium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by Zn (CH3COO)2, Eu (NO3)5·6H20,NaOH,PEG2000 and Citric acid using hydrothermal method. The prepared powder was used for photocatalytic degradation, in which the influence ofreaction temperature, reaction time, illumination conditions as well as the doping ratio on the effect of photocatalytic oxidation were throughly investigated. Analytical methods, such as XRD, SEM and EDS were utilized in this study for characterization of the prepared powder. Results showed that Europium-doped zinc oxide with a 3% doping ratio reached optimal photocatalytic oxidation effect when the hydrothermal temperature was 160°C and hydrothermal time was 6 hours. By utilizing the prepared powder under optimal conditions, the decolorization rate of pharmaceutical wastewater reached 38.8% after treatment of 365nm UV irraditation for 150min, and the degradation rate of COD reached 57.5%.
An Anomaly Identification Method of Coal Gas Pre-Drainage Parameters Based on T2 Control Chart
Authors: Hou Shao Jie , Meng Xian Zun , Zhang Yu Wei
Published: December 2014

The T2statistic is one important indicator of statistical process control theory to identify anomalies of the multivariate industrial process. In the research field of the coal gas pre-drainage process control, previous achievements mainly based on the univariate control chart, which leaded to huge workload and facilitated some human errors. Against these problems, a more comprehensive and easy-to-use method based on the T2statistic was proposed. First at all, the basic thought and the principle of T2control chart was elaborated. Secondly, the data structure and data samples were provided after their principle component analysis. Finally, the multivariate control chart of coal gas pre-drainage process was established. Results show that the proposed anomaly identification method can integrate dozen of univariate control charts into one. Then technicians needn’t deal with many control charts in the same time and many human errors can be avoided.
Impact Prediction Using Oil-Spill Simulation in Yantai West Harbor Dock
Authors: Gao Hao Dong , Zhou Peng
Published: December 2014

Based on the oil slick pervasion theory and hydrodynamic model, a risk prediction model was established for the oil-spill simulation in open-ocean coastal port. The model was calibrated with the typical hydrological and meteorological data of the study area, to predict the environmental impact on Yantai west harbor dock. The results indicate that on account of the wind from south-south-west and south-west, the spilled oil will reach the shore in 2 hours and 4 hours respectively, the spreading range can be controlled in Zhifu Bay dock basin. But under the condition of westerly winds, oil slick will drift out of the dock basin in 2 hours, affecting two ecological fragile areas in 6 hours and 12 hours successively, which means a significant risk for open-ocean area.
A New Fuzzy Petri Net Model for Power Grid Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Qing , Gao Zhan Jun , Wu De Jun , Wang Shi Tao , Zhao Jun Wei , Xiao Ming
Published: December 2014

This paper put forward a fault diagnosis project which includes fault knowledge representation, fault diagnosis arithmetic based on comprehensive investigation and engineering practice. After that a fuzzy petri net diagnosis model is come into being and the precise diagnosis of power grid elements can be realized. The simulation results given in this paper illustrate that this fault diagnosis model can make a rapid diagnosis in complex fault situation and give the accurate result to power grid fault diagnosis.
Analysis of 50Hz Electric Fields Generated by Multi-Circuit Transmission Lines on the Same Tower
Authors: Liu Bin , Wang Tao , Gu Fei , Wei Jie , Cui Hong Wei , Guo Wei Hua , Miao Rui Yun , Wang Rui Xiao
Published: December 2014

The finite element method has been applied to calculate the 50Hz electric fields nearby the transmission lines. The electric field strengths nearby multi-circuit transmission lines on the same tower under different arrangement of phase sequence, nearby the cross-arm are calculated. According to the foreign and domestic security standards of 50Hz electric field, the impacts of overhead transmission lines on environment are evaluated and the adoptable measures to reduce electric field strength are proposed. Meanwhile the distributing pattern of the electric field nearby the cross-arm is analyzed and proposals for further protection measures during maintenance operation are provided.
Discovery of Over-Represented Words in Intron 1s of Drosophila Ribosomal Protein Genes
Authors: Li Hui Min , Yang Zhi Gang , Chen Dan
Published: December 2014

Most of studies on transcriptional regulation mainly focus on upstream regions of genes. More and more recent researches indicate that introns may have important biological functions in transcription regulation of genes. The characterization of words in DNA sequences can be facilitated by the sequences’ functions. Using U-score and Z-score statistic, respectively, we extracted some over-represented words in intron 1s of ribosomal protein genes. A majority of them are accordance with known transcriptional factor binding sites and are potential regulatory elements. And, the detected over-represented words are more likely to form wider potential sequences and are denser in intron 1s of RP genes. We speculate the properties of these words may be associated with the transcriptional regulation of RP genes.
Biodegradability of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy with a Permanganate Conversion Coating
Authors: Wu Si Yu , Chen Qiang Guo , Xu Jing Jing , Yan Ting Ting , Chen Qing Hua
Published: December 2014

Magnesium alloy has been considered as a revolutionary biodegradable material, but the fast degradation limits its development. A permanganate conversion coating for AZ31B magnesium alloy prepared, in order to improve its anti-corrosion property. The morphology and composition of the coating were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), which showed that the coating was 40-170μm in thickness, with net-like micro-cracks, and was tightly combined with AZ31B magnesium alloy matrix. The main compositions of the coating were Mg and a series of oxides of Mn. Observed by the tests of electrochemical and immersion,the corrosion resistance of AZ31B magnesium alloy can be improved significantly through the permanganate conversion treatment
Determination of Calcium Element in Natural Huazi Mushroom by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Cheng Cheng , Tian Peng
Published: December 2014

In this paper, samples were digested by high pressure digestion pots, reducing the loss of trace elements during the digestion process. The content of trace elements in Natural Huazi Mushroom such as Ca was determined by ICP-AES, and compared with the results of wet method, the two methods showed no obvious differences. High pressure nitrifying pot method relative standard deviation of Ca element is 3.36%; Wet method to determine the relative standard deviation of Ca elementt is 7.08%. Visible high pressure nitrifying pot method and treatment of samples of precision of the measuring precision and wet processing samples are relatively good, the measuring precision of the former better. The method was suitable for the determination of trace elements in edible fungi with the advantages of being simple, rapid, sensitive, stable and accurate etc., and the results were satisfactory.
Application of Calcium Phosphate Biological Material on Rehabilitation in Exercise-Induced Rotator Cuff Injury
Authors: Zhao Chao , Ma Zhen Lei , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2014

Rotator cuff injury is one of the most common musculoskeletal system diseases in exercise-induced injury, self-setting calcium phosphate materials has a very good promoting role in the rotator cuff tendon bone interface in the repair process, it can effectively improve the maximum tensile strength of tendon bone interface and stiffness, and promote recovery of biomechanical properties. Therefore, the use of calcium phosphate artificial material can promote repair of the tendon bone interface in exercise-induced rotator cuff injury, and achieve early functional exercise, and early recovery of limb function and ability to live and work.
Soil Nutrient Variation in Greenhouse Soil from Haicheng Municipality, Liaoning Province
Authors: Chen Xiao Yun , Han Jing
Published: December 2014

Soil nutrient in greenhouse soil was studied in Haicheng Municipality, Liaoning province. Results showed that the soil nutrient including organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium presented parabolic curve change with increasing cultivating years. The highest contents all appeared in 8 years, which are 3.2 and 2.8 times higher than those in open field at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depth, respectively. The vertex of nitrate and soluble salt were also appeared in 8 years. Correlation analysis suggested the relationships among nutrients were very significant. It is also suggested the salinization of soil was the inevitable result of the excessive organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer.
Ecological Environment Effect Calculation of Land Use Change Based on Geography Information System
Authors: Liu Zhi Bo , Shi Pei Ji
Published: December 2014

With the rapid development of social and economy, land use/cover change (LUCC) has been regard as a critical effect of global environment change. Researches on LUCC convert from single factor influence to overall research on the effects of regional ecological environment. Research Scope of study area gradually changes from the ecological fragile areas in the western to developed areas. This paper summarized the main methods of effect of land use change on the evaluate of eco-environment research. The results show that: environmental effects of land use/cover change improved in the long term; the rapid progress of remote sensing technology and geographic information system make environmental effects of land use/cover change more convenient.
The Study on Dynamic Change of Cultivated Land Resources and Driving Forces - A Study Case of Lixian County, Hebei Province
Authors: Zhang Can , Shi Hui Chun , Lv Xia Xia
Published: December 2014

In this paper, Lixian County 2001-2010 dynamic changes of cultivated land resources were studied. Studies have shown that: the past 10 years the average annual reduction rate of 0.72% Lixian County arable land, and the reduction since 2002, much faster, In the spatial region, most dramatic change is more economically developed society Liwu Town, Dabaichi Town, Xinxing Town and Liushi Town. According to the statistical Yearbook 2001-2010 review, we select factor and use principal component analysis. The main driving factors of impacting Lixian County arable land resources change are economic factor, demographic factor and progress in agricultural technology factor.