bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Découverte de Geranium x oxonianum Yeo près de Lyon (G. endressii x G. versicolor)
Authors: Denninger Claude , Dutartre Gilles
Published: March 2017

Geranium x oxonianum Yeo (G. endressii Gay x G. versicolor L.) a été observé, à l'état subspontané, dans un vallon boisé et humide du nord de l'agglomération lyonnaise. Apparemment bien naturalisé, ce taxon serait nouveau pour notre flore régionale.
Eucosma balatonana (Osthelder ; 1937), espèce boréo-alpine nouvelle pour la chaîne jurassienne (Lepidoptera Tortricidae)
Authors: Delmas Sylvain
Published: March 2017

Eucosma balatonana (Osthelder, 1937) est une espèce peu citée en France (uniquement des Alpes méridionales et de Lorraine). Deux observations récentes dans le département du Jura sont cohérentes avec sa répartition en Europe de type boréo-alpine.
Deuxième contribution à la connaissance de la fonge du parc départemental de Bron-Parilly (Rhône). Deuxième partie
Authors: Cavet Jean , Martin Michel
Published: March 2017

Présentation du deuxième inventaire des mycota du Parc urbain de Bron-Parilly, près de Lyon. Enumération des 342 taxons récoltés depuis le premier inventaire et commentaires sur quelques espèces les plus intéressantes.
L'activité malacologique à la Société Linnéenne de Lyon entre 1822 et 1960
Authors: Audibert Cédric
Published: March 2017

The malacological activity at the Société linnéenne de Lyon between 1822 and 1960

Some famous personalities were able to share their passion of molluscs to other Linneans and thus allowed to develop a certain malacologie activity within the Society. This malacologie activity is approached in a diachronic way following, in the Lyon context, the succession of the various schools which marked out the history of French malacology.
Une brève histoire de la mycologie lyonnaise à travers ses figures linnéennes les plus emblématiques
Authors: Van Vooren Nicolas
Published: March 2017

La Société linnéenne de Lyon a depuis son origine joué un rôle essentiel dans le développement de la mycologie dans le Lyonnais — et même au-delà — grâce aux personnalités qui ont écrit les pages de son histoire. Cette note présente quelques-uns des acteurs les plus emblématiques de notre Société et trace les grandes lignes de cette histoire de la mycologie lyonnaise.
La bibliothèque de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon
Authors: Bange Christian , Duc Jean
Published: March 2017

Lors de la fondation de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon en 1822, ses membres ont pris soin de former une bibliothèque qui s'est enrichie rapidement grâce à des dons multiples, et parfois importants, ainsi que quelques achats. Par la suite, de nombreuses séries de périodiques ont été obtenues au moyen d'échanges des Annales publiées régulièrement par la Société à partir de 1836 avec des sociétés savantes du monde entier. Plus récemment, une politique d'achats et d'abonnements a permis de renforcer considérablement l'intérêt des fonds accumulés, installés depuis 1923 dans la bibliothèque d'un ancien collège de jésuites, et leurs éléments caractéristiques sont passés en revue.
Les herbiers de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon
Authors: Ronot Pierre , Coudert Robert , Bange Christian
Published: March 2017

Inventaire et description sommaire des herbiers de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon, et appréciation de leur intérêt scientifique.
Neuroprotection of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor for Early Stage Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Tsai Sheng-Tzung , Chu Sung-Chao , Liu Shu-Hsin , Pang Cheng-Yoong , Hou Ting-Wen , Lin Shinn-Zong , Chen Shin-Yuan
Published: March 2017

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease. Both medical and surgical choices provide symptomatic treatment. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a conventional treatment for hematological diseases, has demonstrated its effectiveness in acute and chronic neurological diseases through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptosis mechanisms. Based on previous in vitro and in vivo studies, we administered a lower dose (3.3 μg/kg) G-CSF injection for 5 days and six courses for 1 year in early-stage PD patients as a phase I trial. The four PD patient's mean unified PD rating scale motor scores in medication off status remained stable from 23 before the first G-CSF injection to 22 during the 2-year follow-up. 3,4-Dihydroxy-6-18F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (18F-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) studies also revealed an annual 3.5% decrease in radiotracer uptake over the caudate nucleus and 7% in the putamen, both slower than those of previous reports of PD. Adverse effects included transient muscular–skeletal pain, nausea, vomiting, and elevated liver enzymes. Based on this preliminary report, G-CSF seems to alleviate disease deterioration for early stage PD patients. The effectiveness of G-CSF was possibly due to its amelioration of progressive dopaminergic neuron degeneration.
OGLE-2016-BLG-0596Lb: A High-mass Planet from a High-magnification Pure-survey Microlensing Event
Authors: Mróz P. , Han C. ,   and, Udalski A. , Poleski R. , Skowron J. , Szymański M. K. , Soszyński I. , Pietrukowicz P. , Kozłowski S. , Ulaczyk K. , Wyrzykowski Ł. , Pawlak M. ,   (OGLE group), Albrow M. D. , Cha S.-M. , Chung S.-J. , Jung Y. K. , Kim D.-J. , Kim S.-L. , Lee C.-U. , Lee Y. , Park B.-G. , Pogge R. W. , Ryu Y.-H. , Shin I.-G. , Yee J. C. , Zhu W. , Gould A. ,   (KMTNet group)
Published: March 2017

We report the discovery of a high mass ratio planet, q = 0.012, i.e., 13 times higher than the Jupiter/Sun ratio. The host mass has not yet been measured but can be determined or strongly constrained from adaptive optics imaging. The planet was discovered in a small archival study of high-magnification events in pure-survey microlensing data, which was unbiased by the presence of anomalies. The fact that it was previously unnoticed may indicate that more such planets lie in archival data and could be discovered by a similar systematic study. In order to understand the transition from predominantly survey+followup to predominately survey-only planet detections, we conduct the first analysis of these detections in the observational (s, q) plane. Here s is the projected separation in units of the Einstein radius. We find some evidence that survey+followup is relatively more sensitive to planets near the Einstein ring, but that there is no statistical difference in sensitivity by mass ratio.
The Limited Impact of Outflows: Integral-field Spectroscopy of 20 Local AGNs
Authors: Bae Hyun-Jin , Woo Jong-Hak , Karouzos Marios , Gallo Elena , Flohic Helene , Shen Yue , Yoon Suk-Jin
Published: March 2017

To investigate active galactic nucleus (AGN) outflows as a tracer of AGN feedback on star formation, we perform integral-field spectroscopy of 20 type 2 AGNs at z < 0.1, which are luminous AGNs with [O iii] luminosity > 10

erg s−1 that exhibit strong outflow signatures in the [O iii] kinematics. By decomposing the emission-line profile, we obtain the maps of the narrow and broad components of the [O iii] and Hα lines, respectively. The broad components in both [O iii] and Hα represent the nongravitational kinematics, that is, gas outflows, while the narrow components, especially in Hα, represent the gravitational kinematics, that is, the rotational disk. By using the integrated spectra within the flux-weighted size of the narrow-line region, we estimate the energetics of the gas outflows. The ionized gas mass is 1.0–38.5

, and the mean mass outflow rate is 4.6 ± 4.3 M
⊙ yr−1, which is a factor of ∼260 higher than the mean mass accretion rate of 0.02 ± 0.01

yr−1. The mean energy injection rate of the sample is 0.8% ± 0.6% of the AGN bolometric luminosity

, while the momentum flux is (5.4 ± 3.6) × 

on average, except for the two most kinematically energetic AGNs with low

, which are possibly due to the dynamical timescale of the outflows. The estimated outflow energetics are consistent with the theoretical expectations for energy-conserving outflows from AGNs, yet we find no supporting evidence of instantaneous quenching of star formation due to the outflows.
The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). X. Sub-kiloparsec Resolution Gas-phase Metallicity Maps at Cosmic Noon behind the Hubble Frontier Fields Cluster MACS1149.6+2223
Authors: Wang Xin , Jones Tucker A. , Treu Tommaso , Morishita Takahiro , Abramson Louis E. , Brammer Gabriel B. , Huang Kuang-Han , Malkan Matthew A. , Schmidt Kasper B. , Fontana Adriano , Grillo Claudio , Henry Alaina L. , Karman Wouter , Kelly Patrick L. , Mason Charlotte A. , Mercurio Amata , Rosati Piero , Sharon Keren , Trenti Michele , Vulcani Benedetta
Published: March 2017

We combine deep Hubble Space Telescope grism spectroscopy with a new Bayesian method to derive maps of gas-phase metallicity for 10 star-forming galaxies at high redshift (

). Exploiting lensing magnification by the foreground cluster MACS1149.6+2223, we reach sub-kiloparsec spatial resolution and push the limit of stellar mass associated with such high-z spatially resolved measurements below

for the first time. Our maps exhibit diverse morphologies, indicative of various effects such as efficient radial mixing from tidal torques, rapid accretion of low-metallicity gas, and other physical processes that can affect the gas and metallicity distributions in individual galaxies. Based upon an exhaustive sample of all existing sub-kiloparesec resolution metallicity gradient measurements at high z, we find that predictions given by analytical chemical evolution models assuming a relatively extended star-formation profile in the early disk-formation phase can explain the majority of observed metallicity gradients, without involving galactic feedback or radial outflows. We observe a tentative correlation between stellar mass and metallicity gradients, consistent with the “downsizing” galaxy formation picture that more massive galaxies are more evolved into a later phase of disk growth, where they experience more coherent mass assembly at all radii and thus show shallower metallicity gradients. In addition to the spatially resolved analysis, we compile a sample of homogeneously cross-calibrated integrated metallicity measurements spanning three orders of magnitude in stellar mass at z ∼ 1.8. We use this sample to study the mass–metallicity relation (MZR) and find that the slope of the observed MZR can rule out the momentum-driven wind model at a 3σ confidence level.
Spiral Arms, Infall, and Misalignment of the Circumbinary Disk from the Circumstellar Disks in the Protostellar Binary System L1551 NE
Authors: Takakuwa Shigehisa , Saigo Kazuya , Matsumoto Tomoaki , Saito Masao , Lim Jeremy , Hanawa Tomoyuki , Yen Hsi-Wei , Ho Paul T. P.
Published: March 2017

We report the ALMA Cycle 2 observations of the Class I binary protostellar system L1551 NE in the 0.9 mm continuum, C18O (3–2), 13CO (3–2), SO (78–67), and CS (7–6) emission. At 0.″18 (=25 au) resolution, ∼4 times higher than that of our Cycle 0 observations, the circumbinary disk (CBD) as seen in the 0.9 mm emission is shown to be composed of a northern and a southern spiral arm, with the southern arm connecting to the circumstellar disk (CSD) around Source B. The western parts of the spiral arms are brighter than the eastern parts, suggesting the presence of an m = 1 spiral mode. In the C18O emission, the infall gas motions in the interarm regions and the outward gas motions in the arms are identified. These observed features are well reproduced with our numerical simulations, where gravitational torques from the binary system impart angular momenta to the spiral-arm regions and extract angular momenta from the interarm regions. Chemical differentiation of the CBD is seen in the four molecular species. Our Cycle 2 observations have also resolved the CSDs around the individual protostars, and the beam-deconvolved sizes are 0.″29 × 0.″19 (=40 × 26 au) (P.A. = 144°) and 0.″26 × 0.″20 (=36 × 27 au) (P.A. = 147°) for Sources A and B, respectively. The position and inclination angles of these CSDs are misaligned with those of the CBD. The C18O emission traces the Keplerian rotation of the misaligned disk around Source A.
Neutron Star Kicks by the Gravitational Tug-boat Mechanism in Asymmetric Supernova Explosions: Progenitor and Explosion Dependence
Authors: Janka Hans-Thomas
Published: March 2017

Asymmetric mass ejection in the early phase of supernova (SN) explosions can impart a kick velocity to the new-born neutron star (NS). For neutrino-driven explosions the NS acceleration has been shown to be mainly caused by the gravitational attraction of the anisotropically expelled inner ejecta, while hydrodynamic forces contribute on a subdominant level, and asymmetric neutrino emission plays only a secondary role. Two- and three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations have demonstrated that this gravitational tug-boat mechanism can explain the observed space velocities of young NSs up to more than 1000 km s−1. Here, we discuss how the NS kick depends on the energy, ejecta mass, and asymmetry of the SN explosion, and what role the compactness of the pre-collapse stellar core plays for the momentum transfer to the NS. We also provide simple analytic expressions for the NS velocity in terms of these quantities. Referring to results of hydrodynamic simulations in the literature, we argue why, within the discussed scenario of NS acceleration, electron-capture SNe, low-mass Fe-core SNe, and ultra-stripped SNe can be expected to have considerably lower intrinsic NS kicks than core-collapse SNe of massive stellar cores. Our basic arguments also remain valid if progenitor stars possess large-scale asymmetries in their convective silicon and oxygen burning layers. Possible scenarios for spin-kick alignment are sketched. Much of our discussion stays on a conceptual and qualitative level, and more work is necessary on the numerical modeling side to determine the dependences of involved parameters, whose prescriptions will be needed for recipes that can be used to better describe NS kicks in binary evolution and population synthesis studies.
Sheath-accumulating Propagation of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Takahashi Takuya , Shibata Kazunari
Published: March 2017

Fast interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are the drivers of strong space weather storms such as solar energetic particle events and geomagnetic storms. The connection between the space-weather-impacting solar wind disturbances associated with fast ICMEs at Earth and the characteristics of causative energetic CMEs observed near the Sun is a key question in the study of space weather storms, as well as in the development of practical space weather prediction. Such shock-driving fast ICMEs usually expand at supersonic speeds during the propagation, resulting in the continuous accumulation of shocked sheath plasma ahead. In this paper, we propose a “sheath-accumulating propagation” (SAP) model that describes the coevolution of the interplanetary sheath and decelerating ICME ejecta by taking into account the process of upstream solar wind plasma accumulation within the sheath region. Based on the SAP model, we discuss (1) ICME deceleration characteristics; (2) the fundamental condition for fast ICMEs at Earth; (3) the thickness of interplanetary sheaths; (4) arrival time prediction; and (5) the super-intense geomagnetic storms associated with huge solar flares. We quantitatively show that not only the speed but also the mass of the CME are crucial for discussing the above five points. The similarities and differences between the SAP model, the drag-based model, and the“snow-plow” model proposed by Tappin are also discussed.
« Une vraie innovation tire le tapis sous le pied de la concurrence »
Authors: Tézenas du Montcel Benoît
Published: March 2017

Xavier Fontanet, ancien PDG d’Essilor, nous a fait l’honneur d’animer la conférence d’ouverture de la première journée Abbé Grégoire, en compagnie d’Yves Doz (INSEAD). Il revient sur son expérience de la stratégie et de l’innovation. Aujourd’hui investi dans des activités d’enseignement (notamment à HEC), il nous livre également ses réflexions sur la stratégie et l’innovation. Ce sont celles d’un praticien passé à l’enseignement.
« La communauté, c’est le pire de tout » ?
Authors: Rossigneux-Méheust Mathilde
Published: March 2017

L’hospice de vieux et la maison de retraite sont des constructions institutionnelles du xix e siècle, à l’origine parisiennes, qui proposent à plusieurs milliers de personnes de vieillir ensemble dans un entre-soi d’âge, de genre et de classe, la majorité des assistés appartenant aux classes populaires parisiennes. À rebours d’une histoire figée des représentations dépréciatives ou empathiques de l’expérience de la vieillesse, l’article analyse l’extrême diversité des relations sociales qui se tissent au sein des premiers établissements de personnes âgées. Le dynamisme de ces relations résulte en premier lieu de la réunion d’hommes et de femmes qui sont certes économiquement dépendants de l’assistance mais dont les capacités physiques permettent des déplacements et des échanges. Il s’explique ensuite par l’imposition de temporalités et d’espaces collectifs qui deviennent tout au long du xix e siècle la norme dans les établissements de vieillards. Enfin, les fortes contraintes qui pèsent sur les assistés les plus dominés de l’espace assistanciel sont également à l’origine d’initiatives collectives.
La fin de la démocratie des Modernes ?
Authors: Sintomer Yves
Published: March 2017

La démocratie libérale, qui semblait avoir définitivement triomphé de ses adversaires à la fin du XX e siècle, traverse une crise globale. Dans les nouvelles démocraties surgies depuis 1989 comme dans les vieilles démocraties d’Europe ou d’Amérique du Nord, les scénarios de la post-démocratie et de l’autoritarisme deviennent chaque jour plus crédibles. Dans ce contexte, une démocratisation radicale de la démocratie s’impose, estime Yves Sintomer, pour faire contrepoids au capitalisme financier mondialisé, pour répondre aux défis écologiques et pour poser la question de la justice sociale à une échelle transnationale.
Entre cigale et fourmi : regards sur la politique économique de la gauche au Brésil
Authors: Gaudillière Jean-Paul , Jami Irène
Published: March 2017

Au milieu des années 2000, l’Amérique latine pouvait apparaître comme le laboratoire d’une gauche qui – de l’Équateur au Brésil, en passant par la Bolivie – s’engageait dans un processus original d’exercice du pouvoir, se revendiquant à la fois de la lutte contre la pauvreté, de la mobilisation de l’État en faveur de nouvelles formes de croissance économique, voire de l’empowerment des populations indigènes. Mouvements s’en était fait l’écho. Dix ans plus tard, la scène a radicalement changé. Tous les gouvernements de gauche sont en situation d’échec. Pierre Salama, spécialiste des questions de développement et fin connaisseur des économies latino-américaines, revient ici sur les choix qui – de la priorité à l’exploitation des matières premières à l’accommodement avec la montée des inégalités, sans parler de l’instrumentalisation de la corruption – sont, au-delà des effets de la crise financière surgie en 2008, à l’arrière-plan de ce retournement.
Face à Trump, quel avenir pour la gauche aux États-Unis ?
Authors: Cohen Jim , Talpin Julien
Published: March 2017

La gauche américaine a connu un moment historique de visibilité en 2016 grâce à la campagne de Bernie Sanders dans les élections primaires. Suite à l’élection de Donald Trump elle oscille aujourd’hui entre découragement et mobilisation. Comment résister à la vague réactionnaire, inverser la droitisation du pays et constituer des majorités politiques vectrices de justice sociale ? Ces questions stratégiques auxquelles est désormais confrontée la gauche américaine ne sont pas sans rapport avec celles qui sont posées aux gauches européennes.
Jeremy Corbyn et le Parti travailliste : une drôle de paix
Authors: Walthéry Pierre
Published: March 2017

La nette réélection de Jeremy Corbyn à la tête du Parti travailliste a calmé les tensions internes entre la direction et le groupe parlementaire qui lui est majoritairement hostile. Une « drôle de paix » s’est instaurée entre les deux camps. Mais il est peu probable que ce soit là la fin des hostilités. Corbyn peine à imposer son leadership et sa politique à l’ensemble de son parti en dépit d’un large soutien militant. Il doit subir l’opposition totale de la « droite blairiste » qui pense qu’il est illégitime à ce poste, ainsi que d’une majorité hétéroclite qui doute de sa capacité à rassembler le parti et à le mener à la victoire. Ce face-à-face handicape pour le moment le travail d’opposition au gouvernement conservateur qui mène une politique d’austérité radicale et s’apprête à faire sortir le Royaume-Uni de l’Union européenne.
Ante una nueva civilidad urbana. Capitalismo cognitivo, habitus y gentrificación
Authors: Sequera Fernández Jorge
Published: March 2017

La economía del conocimiento se ha convertido en los últimos tiempos en un campo de batalla entre ciudades globales. Actividades relacionadas con la cultura, el conocimiento y los saberes técnicos refuerzan la idea de la necesidad de nodos estratégicos espaciales y la formalización de políticas de atracción a las ciudades a través de la revitalización de los centros urbanos. Para examinar esta puesta en marcha de procesos de gentrificación en el centro de las ciudades contemporáneas, repasaremos la notable importancia que ha adquirido la producción cultural en los últimos tiempos, que ha reportado unas políticas de atracción de trabajadores del conocimiento a los centros metropolitanos fomentando la distinción figurada de una construida “clase creativa”. Finalmente, y en contraposición a las tesis vertidas sobre las “clases creativas”, estableceremos un diálogo con Bourdieu que nos ayude a discernir si existe una práctica social metropolitana propia de esas nuevas clases medias, o si la yuxtaposición de estas prácticas sociales distintivas son mecanismos que coadyuvan al desplazamiento directo o indirecto de una población no deseada sobre el lugar a revalorizar.
Microstructure-Based Evolution of Compressive Strength of Blended Mortars: A Continuum Micromechanics Approach
Authors: Hlobil Michal
Published: March 2017

The evolution of stiffness and strength belong to the most important properties of mortars. Motivated by an increasing demand for clinker substitution by supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), this paper presents a multiscale model for prediction of elastic stiffness and compressive strength of blended mortars. Mortars are envisioned as hierarchically organized materials with microstructural phases spanning several orders of magnitude. On the scale of hundreds of nanometers, "CSH foam" consists of amorphous calcium silicate hydrates mixed with capillary pores which on the scale of hundreds of microns acts as a contiguous matrix reinforced by unhydrated clinker, SCM grains, and by crystalline hydration products forming "cement paste". The largest scale of observation describes mortar as quartz sand aggregate inclusions embedded into a contiguous cement paste matrix. Continuum micromechanics homogenization approach is used to upscale stiffness from calcium silicate hydrates, represented by needle-shaped ellipsoids, up to the scale of mortar. Macroscopic quasi-brittle failure of mortar is associated with a concentration of strain energy density-related microscopic stresses within a critically oriented needle-shaped hydrate in "CSH foam". Successful model validation on OPC-based and blended mortars provides strong evidence that continuum micromechanics is an efficient tool for quantification of stiffness and compressive strength.
Bayesian Updating of Aleatory Uncertainties in Heterogeneous Materials
Authors: Janouchová Eliška , Kučerová Anna , Sýkora Jan
Published: March 2017

Advances in meta-modelling and increasing computational capacity of modern computerspermitted many researches to focus on parameter identification in probabilistic setting. Increasinglypopular Bayesian inference allows to estimate model parameters together with corresponding epistemicuncertainties from indirect experimental measurements. However in case of a heterogeneousmaterial model, the identification procedure has to be able to quantify the aleatory uncertainties capturingthe variability of the material properties. Parameter identification of a heterogeneous materialmodel can be formulated as a search for probabilistic description of its parameters providing the distributionof the model response corresponding to the distribution of the observed data, i.e. a stochasticinversion problem. By prescribing a specific type of probability distribution to the model parameterswith corresponding uncertain moments, the task changes to the identification of these so-calledhyperparameters of the distribution which can be inferred in the Bayesian way.
Early Stage Development of Cement Paste Microstructure
Authors: Hrbek Vladimír , Petranova Veronika , Němeček Jiří
Published: March 2017

The early stage development of the cement microstructure is a crucial aspect affecting the overall performance of cementitious materials. The formation of hydration products depends on the presence of water and carbon dioxide, as well as on the distribution and re-crystallization of the cement particles. In this paper we evaluate the micromechanical properties evolution of cement phases over first 28 days after casting by the electron microscopy and static areal indentation.
Surrogate Based Evaluation of the Design of Experiments
Authors: Myšáková Eva , Lepš Matěj
Published: March 2017

Meta-modeling also known as Surrogate Modeling is one of the commonly used tools foranalysis of complex systems' behavior. The meta-model is constructed based on training data whichconsist of the training points generated via Design of Experiments (DoE) and responses of the originalmodel evaluated in these training points. The positioning of the points is crucial for the approximationquality of the meta-model. Therefore it is appropriate to assess the DoE's quality not only usingthe common geometrical or statistical criteria but also from the point of view of its actual particularpurpose. Such testing is able to recognize the appropriate set of training points and also the possibleability of the individual meta-models for actual problem.
Galerkin-Eshelby Meshless Approach to Multiple Inclusion Problem
Authors: Šulc Stanislav , Novák Jan
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a method of computing perturbation fields in a heterogeneous material composed of multiple ellipsoidal inclusions embedded in homogeneous matrix. The work rests on the renowned Eshelby analytical solution to the single inclusion problem. The strain perturbations, arising from this solution, are used as the shape functions in the Galerkin method, which finds the solution as a combination of these functions with minimum potential energy.
Comparison of Semidefinite Solvers for Topology Optimization of Cantilever Trusses Subject to Fundamental Eigenvalue Constraint
Authors: Tyburec Marek , Zeman Jan
Published: March 2017

Optimal design of trusses is a widely developed field of structural optimization. In topology optimization the infinite design space is usually discretized into a finite ground structure defining the set of all feasible joints and bars. In this paper we adopt semidefinite programming (SDP) formulation of the topology optimization that enables us to obtain a globally optimal least compliant truss subjected to the constraints on structural volume and on the fundamental eigenvalue of free vibrations. For a model problem of 3D cantilever truss, we present a comparison of six solvers, namely CSDP, MOSEK, PENLAB, SDPA, SDPT3 and SeDuMi, from which it follows, that SDPA delivers the best computational performance.
Synthesized Fields Fluctuations by Means of Wang Tiles and Local Tilings
Authors: Zrůbek Lukáš , Kučerová Anna , Novák Jan
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we present the concept of the Wang tiles method that compresses the stochastic microstructure into a small set of statistical volume elements – tiles. These tiles are then used for modeling of materials with heterogeneous stochastic microstructures and to streamline the calculations on the micro-scale level. In the following text, we focus on the fluctuation fields that are obtained as the main tiling reconstructed from the micro-mechanical quantities evaluated on individual tiles. But because of the non-local character of mechanical quantities the synthesized fluctuation field contain jumps between adjacent tiles. To prevent this phenomenon, the nearest surrounding tiles are included into the evaluation for each tile from the main tiling. Then the mechanical response is solved on these small so-called local tilings and results for middle tiles are saved. The main tiling is then synthesized using these results and further can be utilized as an enrichment functions for the finite element method.
Membrane Structures - Aspects of Form-Finding Process
Authors: Huttner Miloš , Fajman Petr , Maca Jiří
Published: March 2017

This paper is concerned with the selected aspects, which are discovered during a design stage of cable and membrane structures, known as “form-finding” process. The aim of this paper is the understanding of the basic principles of the form-finding process and their explanation of the very simple examples. The use of the finding a shape of a tension membrane that is in static equilibrium as an analogy with the search condition of minimal surfaces is explained. The basic principles are demonstrated on simple 2D example, in which the finding a stable minimal surface passes in the finding a stable minimal length.
Experiments on Wall Panels with One-Sided Board Sheathing for Timber Structures
Authors: Celler Jiří , Dolejs Jakub , Hlavata Vera
Published: March 2017

Timber elements with an I-shaped cross-section are used as supporting elements in wall, ceiling and roof panels of light timber frames. The reinforcement of the panel (I-stud) is provided by means of glued timber composite I-shaped element consisting of a web made of a wood-based desk embedded into flanges of solid or glued laminated timber. The stability of the wall panels is usually ensured by sided board sheathing, which prevents buckling of studs in the plane of the wall or their twist. Walls with one-side board sheathing are used for some types of modern timber structures and their load bearing capacity is determined for situation when one-side sheathing burns down during fire or sheathing is not made of a load-bearing material.
Analysis of Experimental and Calculated Values of Shear Broken Cement Paste
Authors: Mužíková Barbora , Padevět Pavel , Bittnar Petr , Antoš Jakub
Published: March 2017

This paper is focused on testing in mode II. In this article there is presented the double-edge notched specimen based on the theory of the infinite plate to determine the critical factor KII. There are three approaches to this testing here. Firstly, the real test documented by photos and measured data to determine the value of the critical stress intensity was carried out. Secondly, the real test evaluated by the digital image correlation and finally the numerical model in Adina was made. The success of the testing was lower than has been expected (only 24 %). All three prescriptions were used for all 55 specimens. The highest value of KII is reached with the prescription without fly ash.
The Durability of Fine Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Šefflová Magdaléna , Pavlů Tereza
Published: March 2017

This paper is focused on the durability of recycled aggregate (FRA) concrete. The durability of FRA concrete is connected with many uncertainties and doubts. This paper presents results of long-term of compressive strength, freeze – thaw resistance and carbonation depth of FRA concrete. The FRA was originated from crushed old concrete structures. There were prepared a total four concrete mixture. The first mixture was reference with natural sand. In other concrete mixtures, natural sand was replaced by the FRA in various replacement ratios, specifically 10 %, 20 % and 30 %. All prepared concrete mixtures were designated with the same parameters for clear comparison. It is possible to say that according to the durability, the FRA concrete is possible to used in the same applications as conventional concrete. However it is necessary to verify this results.
Flexural and Compressive Strength of the Cement Paste with Recycled Concrete Powder
Authors: Topič Jaroslav , Fladr Josef , Prošek Zdeněk
Published: March 2017

In previous work focused on using recycled concrete powder as cement replacement the basic dependency of the mechanical properties on the amount of recycled concrete powder was defined. Influence of the amount of recycled concrete powder on the flexural and compressive strength was shown on 0, 33, 67 and 100 wt. % cement replacement. Based on the previous data the strength properties of the cement paste with recycled concrete powder below 33 wt. % was almost constant and strength properties were comparable with reference sample made of cement only. After the recycled concrete powder in cement paste exceeded amount of 33 wt. % the flexural and compressive strength decrease rapidly. In case of 67 wt. % amount of recycled concrete powder the compressive strength decrease about 65 %. The aim of this article is define critical amount of recycled concrete powder in cement paste when strength properties start decrease rapidly and cement replacement is no longer beneficial. This critical amount will be located somewhere between 30 and 50 wt. % of recycled concrete powder. Replacement below critical amount could lead to cost reduction of cement composites and also the negative impact of the cement production and concrete disposal on environmental could be reduced.
Measurement of Vibration Levels on Grandstand Caused by Spectators during Football Match
Authors: Verner Martin
Published: March 2017

The paper is described experiment that is measured the level of vibration at a football stadium in Prague's Eden. The vibrations were monitored in the stadium, where is located the most active fans of the home team SK Slavia Praha. Measurement is based on similar experiments, which realized at a football stadium in Letná in Prague and hockey stadium in Pilsen in 2013 and 2015. The main part of the article is nearing the level of vibration grandstand (acceleration and excitation frequency) in characteristic events during the match.
Evaluation of Different Approaches to Solution of the Direct Solution of Large, Sparse Systems of Linear Equations
Authors: Bošanský Michal , Patzák Bořek
Published: March 2017

The aim of this paper is to the evaluate efficiency of differentapproaches to solution of large, sparse, non-symmetric systems of linearequations on high performance machines, that can be found in any finiteelement software. The different approaches based on direct or iterativealgorithms for solution of linear equations are compared. In particular,directs solver using Skyline sparse storage, direct solver from SuperLUlibrary, iterative solver from Iterative Method Library(IML)are compared. SuperLU is a general purpose library for the directsolution of large, sparse, nonsymmetric systems of linear equations.Additionally, the performance and scalability of parallel SuperLU solveris studied, based on OpenMP. The paper shows thatparallelization can efficiently exploit the power of modern availablehardware, significantly reducing the needed computation time.The different strategies were implemented in OOFEM which is afree finite element code with object oriented architecture for solvingmechanical, transport and fluid mechanics problems that operates onvarious platforms.
Hydrodynamic Response Analysis and Wave Energy Absorption of Wave Energy Converters in Regular Waves
Authors: Gao Hong , Wang Zhiheng
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe hydrodynamic response and the energy capture analysis of wave energy converters (WECs) with three degrees of freedom are conducted using a frequency domain approach. Considering the coupled hydrodynamic coefficients between surge and pitch, motion responses in
surge, heave, and pitch are solved for the WECs. The power take-off (PTO) damping is taken as a linear function of the velocity. The power absorption and the absorption efficiency in surge, heave, and pitch are analyzed and compared. The effects of the geometry, diameter, draft, center of
gravity position, and PTO damping on the hydrodynamic response, the power absorption, and the absorption efficiency of WECs are investigated. A cylinder, a halfsphere cylinder, and a cone cylinder are examined. From the total power absorption and the efficiency, the cone is the optimum geometry.
For the cylinder, the power absorption in heave increases obviously with the increase of the diameter or the draft in a certain range. For the cone, the effect of diameter and draft on the power absorption in heave is relatively small. The cone has a better ability to absorb power in surge
and pitch with an intermediate draft and diameter, and the power absorption peak in pitch decreases as Zg increases. The center of gravity position has no effect on the hydrodynamic response and the power absorption in heave. For a cylinder, the optimal PTO damping in heave is higher than
that in pitch and surge. The optimum frequency in heave is lower than that in pitch and surge.
Review of Underwater Machine Vision Technology and Its Applications
Authors: Xi Qiao , Rauschenbach Thomas , Daoliang Li
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe characteristics of the underwater environment often present difficult challenges for machine vision technology. The images of inspected targets are distorted, blurred, and severely attenuated in an environment where lighting, visibility, and stability are generally
not controllable. Therefore, underwater machine vision hardware and technology and their use in underwater robot/vehicle tasks such as ecological monitoring, map creation, and 3-D reconstruction provide ways to solve the described problems. The objective of this review is to highlight areas
of research and development in the field of underwater machine vision that have made progress but have not been widely used for operational tasks. There are many potential underwater applications for this technology that could improve productivity and efficiency. To improve the accuracy of
the underwater machine vision system, camera calibration and image preprocessing are still the focuses of research. If combined with other sensors, the system can better complete underwater tasks. There have been a number of initiatives in this area of study. Close collaboration with experts
in other fields is also very important.
Tim-3 is a Marker of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Dysfunction during HIV Infection and Is Associated with the Recruitment of IRF7 and p85 into Lysosomes and with the Submembrane Displacement of TLR9
Authors: Schwartz Jordan Ari , Clayton Kiera L. , Mujib Shariq , Zhang Hongliang , Rahman A. K. M. Nur-ur , Liu Jun , Yue Feng Yun , Benko Erika , Kovacs Colin , Ostrowski Mario A.
Published: March 2017

In chronic diseases, such as HIV infection, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are rendered dysfunctional, as measured by their decreased capacity to produce IFN-α. In this study, we identified elevated levels of T cell Ig and mucin-domain containing molecule-3 (Tim-3)–expressing pDCs in the blood of HIV-infected donors. The frequency of Tim-3–expressing pDCs correlated inversely with CD4 T cell counts and positively with HIV viral loads. A lower frequency of pDCs expressing Tim-3 produced IFN-α or TNF-α in response to the TLR7 agonists imiquimod and Sendai virus and to the TLR9 agonist CpG. Thus, Tim-3 may serve as a biomarker of pDC dysfunction in HIV infection. The source and function of Tim-3 was investigated on enriched pDC populations from donors not infected with HIV. Tim-3 induction was achieved in response to viral and artificial stimuli, as well as exogenous IFN-α, and was PI3K dependent. Potent pDC-activating stimuli, such as CpG, imiquimod, and Sendai virus, induced the most Tim-3 expression and subsequent dysfunction. Small interfering RNA knockdown of Tim-3 increased IFN-α secretion in response to activation. Intracellular Tim-3, as measured by confocal microscopy, was dispersed throughout the cytoplasm prior to activation. Postactivation, Tim-3 accumulated at the plasma membrane and associated with disrupted TLR9 at the submembrane. Tim-3–expressing pDCs had reduced IRF7 levels. Furthermore, intracellular Tim-3 colocalized with p85 and IRF7 within LAMP1+ lysosomes, suggestive of a role in degradation. We conclude that Tim-3 is a biomarker of dysfunctional pDCs and may negatively regulate IFN-α, possibly through interference with TLR signaling and recruitment of IRF7 and p85 into lysosomes, enhancing their degradation.
Two Orangutan Species Have Evolved Different KIR Alleles and Haplotypes
Authors: Guethlein Lisbeth A. , Norman Paul J. , Heijmans Corinne M. C. , de Groot Natasja G. , Hilton Hugo G. , Babrzadeh Farbod , Abi-Rached Laurent , Bontrop Ronald E. , Parham Peter
Published: March 2017

The immune and reproductive functions of human NK cells are regulated by interactions of the C1 and C2 epitopes of HLA-C with C1-specific and C2-specific lineage III killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR). This rapidly evolving and diverse system of ligands and receptors is restricted to humans and great apes. In this context, the orangutan has particular relevance because it represents an evolutionary intermediate, one having the C1 epitope and corresponding KIR but lacking the C2 epitope. Through a combination of direct sequencing, KIR genotyping, and data mining from the Great Ape Genome Project, we characterized the KIR alleles and haplotypes for panels of 10 Bornean orangutans and 19 Sumatran orangutans. The orangutan KIR haplotypes have between 5 and 10 KIR genes. The seven orangutan lineage III KIR genes all locate to the centromeric region of the KIR locus, whereas their human counterparts also populate the telomeric region. One lineage III KIR gene is Bornean specific, one is Sumatran specific, and five are shared. Of 12 KIR gene–content haplotypes, 5 are Bornean specific, 5 are Sumatran specific, and 2 are shared. The haplotypes have different combinations of genes encoding activating and inhibitory C1 receptors that can be of higher or lower affinity. All haplotypes encode an inhibitory C1 receptor, but only some haplotypes encode an activating C1 receptor. Of 130 KIR alleles, 55 are Bornean specific, 65 are Sumatran specific, and 10 are shared.
VALVE GUIDE INFORMATION REPORT
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: March 2017

This SAE Information Report provides:

a

Types of valve guides and their nomenclature

b

Valve guide alloy designations and their chemistries

c

Valve guide alloy metallurgy

d

Typical mechanical and physical properties of guide alloys

e

Typical dimensional tolerances of valve guides and their counterbores

f

Recommended interference fits

g

Installation procedures

h

Application considerations
Network Layer
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: March 2017

This series of SAE Recommended Practices was developed to provide an open interconnect system for on-board electronic systems. It is the intention of these documents to allow electronic devices to communicate with each other by providing a standard architecture. This particular document describes the Network Layer which defines the requirements and services needed for the electronic devices (Network Interconnection ECUs) providing intercommunications between different segments of the SAE J1939 Vehicle Network. It also defines the various types of Network Interconnection ECUs and the functions they provide. The information in this document applies only to ECUs that are intended to provide networking services. It is not necessary for an ECU to provide any of these services in order to be compliant with the SAE J 1939 protocol.
Class B Data Communication Network Messages - Part 2: Data Parameter Definitions
Authors:   Vehicle Architecture For Data Communications Standards
Published: March 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice defines the information contained in the header and data fields of non-diagnostic messages for automotive serial communications based on SAE J1850 Class B networks. This document describes and specifies the header fields, data fields, field sizes, scaling, representations, and data positions used within messages.

The general structure of a SAE J1850 message frame without in-frame response is shown in Figure 1. The structure of a SAE J1850 message with in-frame response is shown in Figure 2. Figures 1 and 2 also show the scope of frame fields defined by this document for non-diagnostic messages. Refer to SAE J1979 for specifications of emissions related diagnostic message header and data fields. Refer to SAE J2190 for the definition of other diagnostic data fields. The description of the network interface hardware, basic protocol definition, electrical specifications, and the CRC byte are given in SAE J1850.

SAE J1850 defines two and only two formats of message headers. They are the Single Byte header format and the Consolidated header format. The Consolidated header format has two forms, a single byte form and a three byte form. This document covers all of these formats and forms to identify the contents of messages which could be sent on a SAE J1850 network.

This document consists of four parts, each published separately.
Connections for On-Board Road Vehicle Electrical Wiring Harnesses--Part 1: Single-Pole Connectors--Flat Bladeterminals--Dimensional Characteristics and Specific Requirements
Authors:   Electrical Distribution Steering Committee
Published: March 2017

This SAE Draft Technical Report specifies dimensional characteristics of flat blades of single-pole connectors and specific requirements for on-board electrical harnesses of road vehicles, which can be fitted into female connectors such as those given as in Appendix A.

This document applies to connectors designed to be disconnected after mounting in the vehicle in the case of repair and/or maintenance only.
Connections for On-Board Road Vehicle Electrical Wiring Harnesses--Part 2: Tests and General Performance Requirements
Authors:   Electrical Distribution Steering Committee
Published: March 2017

This SAE Draft Technical Report defines tests methods and general performance requirements of single-pole and multiple connectors for on-board electrical wiring harnesses of road vehicles. These requirements are not intended for connections internal to electronic devices. This document applies to connectors designed to be disconnected after mounting in the vehicle in the case of repair and/or maintenance.
ACCELERATED EXPOSURE OF AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR TRIM MATERIALS USING OUTDOOR UNDER-GLASS CONTROLLED SUN-TRACKING TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY APPARATUS
Authors:   Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
Published: March 2017

This SAE Standard specifies operating procedure for the exposure of automotive interior trim materials in an outdoor behind-glass apparatus in which the temperature is controlled in a 24 h cycle. The humidity is controlled during the dark (night) portion of the cycle.
Vehicle Electromagnetic Immunity--On-Board Transmitter Simulation
Authors:   Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Published: March 2017

This part of SAE J551 specifies on-board transmitter simulation test methods and procedures for testing passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The electromagnetic disturbances considered in this part of SAE J551 are limited to continuous narrow band electromagnetic fields. SAE J551/1 specifies general, definitions, practical use, and basic principles of the test procedure.
Vehicle Electromagnetic Immunity--Bulk Current Injection
Authors:   Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standards
Published: March 2017

This part of SAE J551 specifies Bulk Current Injection (BCI) test methods and procedures for testing the electromagnetic immunity of electronic components for passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The electromagnetic disturbance, considered in this part of SAE J551, will be limited to continuous narrow band electromagnetic fields. SAE J551/1 specifies general, definitions, practical use, and basic principles of the test procedure.