bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto del comportamiento elastoplástico sobre la respuesta al impacto de tubos de metal expandido
Authors: Graciano Gallego Carlos Alberto , Martínez Gabriela , Saavedra Edwar
Published: September 2016

Este trabajo presenta un estudio numérico sobre el efecto del comportamiento elastoplastico del material sobre la respuesta estructural de tubos fabricados con mallas de metal expandido sometidos a cargas de impacto. El estudio se lleva a cabo utilizando el método del elemento finito, considerando dos modelos de material. En primer lugar, se elabora un modelo numérico asumiendo un comportamiento bilineal con endurecimiento por deformación. En segundo lugar, se emplea un modelo que considera la velocidad de deformación utilizando la correlación de Cowper-Symonds. Estos modelos son comparados y validados con resultados experimentales tomados de la literatura. Posteriormente, se lleva a cabo un estudio paramétrico variando las dimensiones y orientación de las mallas, y la velocidad de impacto. Los resultados muestran que la respuesta de los tubos de metal expandido es sensible a los cambios en la orientación de los ejes geométricos. Incrementando las dimensiones de las venas aumenta el material disponible para deformación plástica, lo cual a su vez produce un incremento en la energía absorbida por unidad de masa. Adicionalmente, la velocidad causa un retraso en la respuesta de los especímenes.
Modelado fenomenológico e identificación paramétrica aplicada al monitoreo de una correa transportadora en una mina de cobre
Authors: Medeiros Renan Landau Paiva de , Barra Júnior Walter , Ruben Sicchar José , Carvalho Ayres Júnior Florindo Antônio de , Lima Barreiros José Augusto
Published: September 2016

En este se investiga el modelado de un sistema del tipo correa transportadora con la finalidad de uso en el monitoreo y en el diagnóstico de faltas. Primeramente es discutido un modelo fenomenológico del proceso, el cual es basado en la aplicación de las leyes de la mecánica y considerando los diversos tipos de fuerza de oposición al movimiento que actúan sobre la correa. Los principales parámetros del transportador fueron estimados utilizando técnicas de identificación basadas en Mínimos Cuadrados No Recursivos. Los resultados obtenidos en estudios computacionales muestran el buen desempeño de la estrategia propuesta, cuando aplicada a datos reales colectados en el sistema de transporte de minerales de una mina de cobre al sur de Pará, Brasil.
Método para determinar las pérdidas totales en transformadores de distribución a partir del porcentaje de carbono de la chapa de acero al silicio
Authors: Mago-Ramos María Gabriela , Vallés Luis , Olaya Jhon , Zequera Martha , Vera-Vera Jhon
Published: September 2016

Los transformadores son dispositivos eléctricos que se encargan de la distribución y manejo de la corriente eléctrica. En América Latina el reciclaje de la chapa de acero al silicio de los transformadores es muy común y por esta razón su construcción es de gran importancia debido hay que considerar las pérdidas que se pueden presentar por corrientes parásitas e histéresis magnética sobre todo cuando el equipo ha operado bajo condición de carga. Este artículo propone un novedoso método para determinar las pérdidas totales en los transformadores de distribución monofásicos de poste, analizando el porcentaje de carbono de la chapa de acero al silicio y sus características químicas. Este diagnóstico verifica las pérdidas en el hierro de forma proporcional al cuadrado de la inducción y frecuencia aplicando también la fórmula de Steinmentz con el fin de realizar diagnóstico y predicción de fallas. Los resultados obtenidos aunque presentan errores de aproximación son de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico y la reutilización de la chapa de acero al silicio, ya que los cambios en la micro estructura (tamaño de grano en escala nanométrica) o relación entre la calidad B-H son significativos, el aporte a los fabricantes y la industria en general es exegético, porque si son considerados los valores establecidos en la norma para los equipos operando bajo esta condición, se mejoran las condiciones del servicio en las redes de distribución y en consecuencia, la confiabilidad y/o mantenimientos en las empresas del sector eléctrico.
The mechanical properties of Portland cement mortars blended with carbon nanotubes and nanosilica: A study by experimental design
Authors: Mendoza-Reales Oscar A. , Sierra Gallego Germán , Tobón Jorge I.
Published: September 2016

El efecto puzolánico de partículas de nanosílice (NS) combinadas con Nanotubos de Carbono de Pared Múltiple (MWCNT) fue estudiado en pastas de Ca(OH)2 y morteros de cemento Pórtland. Técnicas de diseño experimental fueron aplicadas para planear los experimentos e identificar el efecto de las nanopartículas sobre las propiedades de las matrices cementantes usando Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA). Se prepararon muestras con diferentes combinaciones de NS y MWCNT. Las pastas de Ca(OH)2 fueron usadas para estudiar el efecto de las naopartículas en la producción de Silicato de Calcio Hidratado (C-S-H), y los morteros de cemento Pórtland se usaron para estudiar el efecto de las nanopartículas en las resistencias a compresión y flexo-tracción de las matrices. Se encontró que solo la NS tuvo un efecto significativo sobre la producción de C-S-H hasta 21 días de hidratación, y que los MWCNT no presentaron un efecto positivo sobre las propiedades mecánicas de los morteros debido a efectos de reagomeración.
Razón pública, razonabilidad y religión. Para la crítica de una tradición liberal
Authors: Svensson Manfred
Published: September 2016

Se aborda la idea de razón pública, atendiendo en particular a su concomitante ideal de razonabilidad. Se expone la continuidad de esta noción desde John Locke a John Rawls, destacando su vínculo con la religiosidad doctrinalmente minimalista de la tradición erasmista. Se cuestiona que, dado tal vínculo, esta ida pueda servir de criterio para evaluar la presencia de otras voces religiosas en la vida pública.
Sombras ilustradas sobre la Crítica de la razón pura. La estrategia kantiana frente a la problemática del Iluminismo alemán
Authors: Herszenbaun Miguel Alejandro
Published: September 2016

Se busca precisar cómo la Crítica de la razón pura responde al problema fundamen-tal del Iluminismo alemán: la articulación entre la autoridad de la razón y la fe. Kant busca rescatar las intenciones del racionalista dogmático –compatibilizar la fe y la razón–, pero rechaza el racionalismo y su método. La “Antinomia de la razón pura” y la “Disciplina de la razón pura” llevan a cabo esta estrategia: la primera evidencia que el racionalismo no puede fundamentar la fe por medio de la razón y elucida el origen de esta incapacidad; la segunda se distancia del método racionalista utilizado en las pruebas de la “Antinomia”. Queda así abierto el camino para una razón finita pero crítica, capaz de ser restituida al lugar de autoridad que la Ilustración le ha reservado.
Human Life as a Basic Good: A Dialectical Critique
Authors: Echeñique Sosa Javier
Published: September 2016

In this article I argue that the fundamental axiological claim of the New Natural Law Theory, according to which human life has an intrinsically valuable, cannot be defended within the framework assumed by the New Natural Law Theory itself, and further, that such a claim turns out to be false relative to a wider eudaimonistic framework that the Natural Law theorist is committed to accept. I do this this by adopting a dialectical standpoint which excludes any assumptions that could be de-nied by the New Natural Law theorist, except for the axiological claim, and show that the New Natural Law theorist cannot argue for the axiological claim’s plausibility, and moreover, that in such a setting the New Natural Law theorist is compelled to replace the axiological claim by the claim that human life is instrumentally valuable.
Sobre el carácter aurático de la imagen literaria
Authors: Prestifilippo Agustín Lucas
Published: September 2016

En filosofía, la imagen ha solido ligarse al problema del conocimiento como elemento exterior a la verdad. Una perspectiva distinta no la somete a criterios lógicos, sino que indaga sus potenciales teóricos y prácticos. Se estudia la estructura interna de la idea de imagen tal como la reconstruye Maurice Blanchot en la experiencia litera-ria. Se muestra su vinculación a un carácter “aurático” que expone la lectura a una experiencia de distanciamiento crítico respecto de sus presupuestos no tematizados en su participación dentro de las formaciones culturales.
El obrar de la creatura espiritual desde el punto de vista de la participación dinámica
Authors: Benavides Cristian Eduardo
Published: September 2016

Se examinan algunas cuestiones relacionadas con el devenir causal de los seres crea-dos –en particular, los seres espirituales–, sobre la base de la noción metafísica de participación desarrollada por Tomás de Aquino. La aproximación parte de las exégesis y comentarios de Cornelio Fabro a las doctrinas tomistas.
La actualidad de los cabos sueltos. A propósito de una nueva edición de las Meditaciones de Alexander Baumgarten
Authors: Trujillo-Osorio Nicolás
Published: September 2016

Baumgarten, Alexander. Meditaciones filosóficas en torno al poema [1735]. Traducción, edición y notas de Pablo Chiuminatto y Javier Beltrán. Santiago de Chile: Orjikh Editores, 2014. 103 pp.
Hobbes, Thomas. Elementos filosóficos. Del ciudadano. Traducción y prólogo de Andrés Rosler.
Authors: Erices Reyes Juan Eduardo
Published: September 2016

Hobbes, Thomas. Elementos filosóficos. Del ciudadano. Traducción y prólogo de Andrés Rosler. Buenos Aires: Hydra, 2010, 385 pp.
Segmentation of color images by chromaticity features using self-organizing maps
Authors: García-Lamont Farid , Cuevas Rasgado Alma Delia , Niño Membrillo Yedid Erandini
Published: September 2016

Usually, the segmentation of color images is performed using cluster-based methods and the RGB space to represent the colors. The drawback with these methods is the a priori knowledge of the number of groups, or colors, in the image; besides, the RGB space issensitive to the intensity of the colors. Humans can identify different sections within a scene by the chromaticity of its colors of, as this is the feature humans employ to tell them apart. In this paper, we propose to emulate the human perception of color by training a self-organizing map (SOM) with samples of chromaticity of different colors. The image to process is mapped to the HSV space because in this space the chromaticity is decoupled from the intensity, while in the RGB space this is not possible. Our proposal does not require knowing a priori the number of colors within a scene, and non-uniform illumination does not significantly affect the image segmentation. We present experimental results using some images from the Berkeley segmentation database by employing SOMs with different sizes, which are segmented successfully using only chromaticity features.
Probability of correct reconstruction in compressive spectral imaging
Authors: Pinilla Samuel Eduardo , Vargas García Héctor Miguel , Arguello Fuentes Henry
Published: September 2016

Coded Aperture Snapshot Spectral Imaging (CASSI) systems capture the 3-dimensional (3D) spatio-spectral information of a scene using a set of 2-dimensional (2D) random coded Focal Plane Array (FPA) measurements. A compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm is then used to recover the underlying spatio-spectral 3D data cube. The quality of the reconstructed spectral images depends exclusively on the CASSI sensing matrix, which is determined by the statistical structure of the coded apertures. The Restricted Isometry Property (RIP) of the CASSI sensing matrix is used to determine the probability of correct image reconstruction and provides guidelines for the minimum number of FPA measurement shots needed for image reconstruction. Further, the RIP can be used to determine the optimal structure of the coded projections in CASSI. This article describes the CASSI optical architecture and develops the RIP for the sensing matrix in this system. Simulations show the higher quality of spectral image reconstructions when the RIP property is satisfied. Simulations also illustrate the higher performance of the optimal structured projections in CASSI.
Los de abajo: Revolución mexicana, desajuste y modernidad esquiva
Authors: Subercaseaux Bernardo
Published: September 2016

El artículo propone una lectura diferente a las habituales sobre un clásico de la narrativa de la Revolución mexicana: Los de abajo (1915), de Mariano Azuela. Esta lectura permite confrontar, vis a vis, el pensar literario con el pensar racional e histórico posterior a la novela. En esta perspectiva, el artículo examina algunos aspectos de la Revolución mexicana en los que se vislumbra un desajuste estructural de larga data entre el umbral previo y el imaginario moderno; luego, revisa la renovación historiográfica y ensayística con respecto a ese desajuste, así como la temática del desencanto con la Revolución. Con base en este recorrido, se forma un marco para la relectura de Los de abajo. Esta relectura permite destacar la agencia imaginativa y la visión literaria de una novela publicada hace más de cien años, una obra que intuye y devela la realidad mexicana en una proyección perdurable.
El Crack: veinte años de una propuesta literaria
Authors: Alvarado Ruiíz Ramón
Published: September 2016

En este artículo se dará una mirada reflexiva a la trayectoria del grupo Crack, a propósito de que han pasado veinte años desde la publicación de su manifiesto. En este, se proponía volver a la escritura de novelas exigentes. Lo primero que destacamos es que se trata de una amistad literaria que ha dado como resultado una literatura prolífica y que se ha consagrado a partir de una serie de diálogos críticos y ficcionales entre sus autores. Estudiaremos también los rasgos comunes de sus poéticas, como la recurrencia de los diversos ejes temáticos y los riesgos formales. El objetivo es, por lo tanto, comprender como conjunto la trayectoria de un grupo de escritores que ha servido de parte aguas en la literatura mexicana. De esta forma, proponemos al Crack como punto de partida para el estudio de la generación dispersa y multitudinaria que existe en la narrativa mexicana actual.
Stratigraphic analysis and calculation of reserves in the Colorado field, MMV, Colombia
Authors: Mier-Umaña Ricardo , Palmera Henao Tania Sarith , Luna-Osorio Juan Sebastian , Delgado-Blanco Leidy Alexandra
Published: September 2016

Based on review of previous information and correlation of 7 lithostratigraphic sections from well data, it was possible to establish the presence of channels in fluvial environments of the Mugrosa Formation, with good lateral continuity, in the B and C zones, in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (VMM). The results of well log interpretation (NSP logs) indicate the presence of channel sands and proved the previous sedimentological model of the field. In the sedimentological model proposed, zones B and C (Mugrosa Formation) show a very good lateral continuity of sands. The reserve calculations of original oil in place (OOIP) and original gas in place (GOES) indicates that the largest reserves of oil and gas are located in the zone C, with reserves of 118 million bbl and 33.9 Gigas of cubic feet respectively.
Drilling grid blasting upgrading based on Geological Strength Index (GSI), case “La Maruja” mine, Colombia
Authors: Ortega Ramos Camilo Andres , Jaramillo Gil Andres Felipe , Molina Escobar Jorge Martin
Published: September 2016

Having proper rock masses characterization is of great importance in underground mining works to make the right decisions in terms of sustenance and other tasks like is the case of drilling and blasting. Here it is proposed the built of a geomechanical table based in the GSI through which to decide the drilling grid configuration applies for each rock type. This improves production cycles and explosives consumption in blasting. This table is created from experimental trials in blasting of panels with different drilling grid geometries, the ranging from 60x60cm up 80x80 cm; and the main parameter to ensure is a maximum particle size of 30 cm after the blasting with 24.6% costs reduction.
Failure potential index for slopes conditioned by landforms
Authors: Camacho Orozco Sebastian , Ramos-Cañón Alfonso Mariano
Published: September 2016

The paper contributes to the understanding of the effect of three-dimensional landforms in the slope stability through to the analysis of nine models, which result from the combination of three different landforms in plant and profile view (straight, convex and concave). The analysis is based on the calculation of a failure potential indexwhich represent a unified way a stability value for each model. The procedure was performed by mean of finite element numerical simulations with a Mohr-Coulomb elastoplastic model applied to each geometry in homogeneous solis. We take into account permanent flow and partial saturation above of the flow surface within the slope. Finally, it is quantified the failure susceptibility of the nine models by mean of the assignation of a failure potential index. With this assignation, it is possible to stablish an order of priority of the susceptibility of the slopes in function of geomorphology of each model.
Biological and physicochemical evaluation of mortar as substrate for manufacturing artificial reef
Authors: Bedoya Gutierréz Mónica Andrea , Tobón Jorge Iván , Correa-Herrera Tatiana , Correa-Rendón Juan Diego
Published: September 2016

Due to several deterioration of coral reefs around the world, h as increased the need to rehabilitate marine environments. Arti ficial reefs have been proposed as a tool for conservation of these ecosystems. A s part of an initiative to develop modules forming artificial r eefs made of ecological concrete for the conservation of the biodiversity in the Colombian Caribbean; this work constitutes a starting poin t. During eleven months two trapezoidal plates were submerged near to Isla Palma , Colombian Caribbean; plates were fabricated in concrete with portland cement and the aggregates were replaced by ceramic waste. After biolog ical and physicochemical evaluations of the material exposed to marine environment was concluded that this is a favorable substrate fo r the coral reefs, and the plates were colonized by more than 3 0% of its surface by marine organisms, their structure found internally stable, a nd there were no adverse effect s on marine biota near the test site.
Glycerol effect on the inhibition of spontaneous combustion of subbituminous coal
Authors: Taborda Acevedo Esteban Alberto , Jurado Valencia William Jose , Cortés Farid B.
Published: September 2016

Factors favoring the phenomenon of spontaneous combustion in coal mainly depend on the intrinsic properties such as coal particle size, moisture content, among others; the medium in which it is located and how it is stored. Consistent with this, the objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of glycerol on the inhibition of self-combustion as water re-adsorption reducer through the addition of glycerol in different amounts (4, 8, 18 and 28% wt). The coal sample was extracted from the Córdoba department, Colombia. Incipient impregnation method was used to perform the addition of glycerol to the desired quantities. Characterizing the coal samples was performed by: TGA-DTG, nitrogen adsorption at -196 °C, C-H-N-O, FTIR, and SEM. The TGA of the coals evaluated in an air atmosphere, show changes in combustion properties of each sample. Di ignition index is reduced as the coal is impregnated with glycerol, obtaining its lowest value for 8wt% of glycerol. The effect of glycerol in inhibiting the spontaneous combustion of coal is exposed in the adsorption equilibrium; the sample with 8wt% glycerol shows the highest reduction of water adsorption in coal validating the proposed technology as inhibitor agent spontaneous combustion phenomenon found in Colombian coal.
Estudio comparativo de las fracciones lipídicas de Bactris gasipaes Kunth (chontaduro) obtenidas por extracción soxhlet y por extracción con CO2 supercrítico
Authors: Restrepo Jaime , Estupiñán Jaime A. , Colmenares Ana J.
Published: September 2016

Se determinó el efecto de dos métodos diferentes de extracción sobre el rendimiento y composición de extractos lipídicos de pulpa de chontaduro o pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes Kunth), cosechados en cuatro diferentes localidades de la región pacífica colombiana. Los métodos de extracción evaluados fueron Soxhlet con hexano, y extracción por fluido supercrítico con CO2 (EFS CO2) a 26,890 MPa y 330 K. Para los cuatro ecotipos o cultivos estudiados, los resultados muestran un mayor rendimiento de extracción por el método EFS CO2 (4,03-8,28% p/p) en comparación al método Soxhlet (1,5-2,73% p/p). Por otro lado, la caracterización de los lípidos de los diferentes ecotipos, realizada a través de cromatografía de gases con detector de ionización de llama (FID), muestra un alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados, similar al aceite de oliva y otras oleaginosas: 36,23-51,89% p/p de ácido oleico, 2,38-8,82% p/p de ácido linoleico, y 0,22-1,58% p/p de ácido linolénico, no presentando diferencias significativas de dichos contenidos para ambos métodos. Del mismo modo, el contenido de lípidos del fruto de chontaduro, corroboran su potencial como una muy buena fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales.
Extended Hildebrand solubility approach applied to some structurally related sulfonamides in ethanol + water mixtures
Authors: Delgado Daniel R. , Peña María Á. , Martínez Fleming
Published: September 2016

Extended Hildebrand Solubility Approach (EHSA) was applied to evaluate the solubility of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine in some ethanol + water mixtures at 298.15 K. Reported experimental equilibrium solubilities and some fusion properties of these drugs were used for the calculations. In particular, a good predictive character of EHSA (with mean deviations lower than 3.0%) has been found by using regular polynomials in order four correlating the interaction parameter W with the Hildebrand solubility parameter of solvent mixtures without drug. However, the predictive character of EHSA was the same as that obtained by direct correlation of drug solubilities with the same descriptor of polarity of the cosolvent mixtures.
Nanocristales para degradación de un colorante contaminante
Authors: Castro Acuña Giovanni Andrés , Reyes Cuellar Julia Constanza
Published: September 2016

La fotoestabilidad de nanocristales (NCs) del grupo II-VI, como CdSe se aprovecha en procesos de fotocatálisis. Sin embargo, el contenido de metales tóxicos limita su aplicación en el ambiente en la remediación de residuos de las industrias textiles, de pieles y de papel. Se comparó la acción catalítica de CdS y ZnS, estabilizadas con dodecil sulfato de sodio y ácido etilendiaminotetraacetico, respectivamente, para el tratamiento fotocatalítico del colorante azul de metileno (AM) con radiación UV. Las dos clases de NCs presentaron bandas de absorción desplazadas hacia 500 nm y bandas de emisión fluorescente a 430-440 nm.  Estas características ópticas se atribuyen al tamaño (20-50 y 100-150 nm), confirmado por microscopía electrónica. La degradación del AM por NCs alcanzó rendimientos del 92% y 77% para ZnS y CdS respectivamente,  mediante la producción fotocatalítica de radicales hidroxilos capaces de participar en procesos redox. En conclusión,  NCs se aprecian como catalizadores eficientes para la remediación de AM, un colorante aromático heterocíclico de amplio uso industrial.
Definición de nanomateriales para Colombia
Authors: Camacho Ángela , Duarte Álvaro , Dubay Darwin , Forero Enrique , González Edgar , Jaramillo Franklin , Maldonado Carlos , Montoya Javier , Obregón Nelson , Osma Johann , Sierra César , Urquijo William
Published: September 2016

Debido a la creciente producción y uso de nanomateriales para actividades de investigación y desarrollo en Colombia, es necesario establecer una definición del término nanomaterial que facilite la toma de decisiones en torno a iniciativas de carácter regulatorio y de normatividad. Se presenta la definición de nanomateriales para Colombia que ha adoptado el Consejo Nacional Asesor de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología adscrito a la Red Colombiana de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología.
Next generation sequence analysis of the forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) virome
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Pablo Andrés , Jaramillo Mesa Helena , Marin Montoya Mauricio
Published: September 2016

Forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) is one of the forage crops best adapted to tropical agroecosystems where it is used as ground cover in urban areas and slopes, in the preservation of soils cultivated with coffee, African oil palm and citrus and as animal feed in combination with gramineous plants. A. pintoi is considered to be highly resistant to plagues and diseases; however, in recent years there has been a marked increase of plants showing symptoms typical of viral infection. In this work, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used to confirm the presence of virus in symptomatic A. pintoi plants collected in urban areas in Medellín (Colombia). Transcriptome analysis revealed the presence of 3,291,089 reads related to viruses in the families Potyviridae, Luteoviridae and Alphaflexiviridae and resulted in the complete genome assembly of Peanut mottle virus (9707 nt), Turnip yellows virus (5578 nt) and two variants of a virus with phylogenetic affinity to the genus Allexivirus. These two variants lack ORF6 present in Allexivirus and probably belong to an uncharacterized genus within the family Alphaflexiviridae. The presence of at least three viruses infecting A. pintoi in Colombia highlights the importance of starting a germplasm clean-up program of the plant material used as seed in this crop.
Administrative and operational strategies of the coffee processing industry department of Caldas (Colombia)
Authors: Diaz Arango Felix Octavio
Published: September 2016

Industries, especially coffee industries in countries like Colombia, must focus on management models geared towards customer satisfaction, improved processes and a culture of leadership in organizations. This research focused on the study of how the senior management of companies that process coffee, especially in the Department of Caldas (Colombia), can create, design and implement administrative and operational strategies in order to improve the productivity and quality of the industrial sector. In order to solve this problem, a management guide for quality and operations has been proposed. To develop such a model, the operating performance (OP), productivity (P), quality management (QM), environmental performance (EP), and social management (SM) of the sector were analyzed. This was achieved with a mixed research design involving quantitative and qualitative methodologies. As a result, a model based on quality and operations management, aimed at the coffee processing industry in the Department of Caldas, was obtained. This model improved the positioning of this industry in the domestic and international markets. Furthermore, it was concluded that quality management depends on operating performance and productivity when it comes to increasing the competitiveness of the coffee processing industries in the Department of Caldas (Colombia).
Effect of seminal plasma and sperm of boars valued by freezability on seminal cryopreservation
Authors: Henao Uribe Francisco Javier , Valencia Giraldo Julian , Mesa Henry , Gómez Londoño Germán
Published: September 2016

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sperm and seminal plasma (SP) on the freezability of porcine semen. Semen of eight commercial males from two farms in the central-western region of Colombia (four boars in each farm) was frozen and tested to select two males with high freezability (MHF) and two with low freezability (MLF), according to the percentage of functionally competent sperm (FCS). Immediately after the collection was completed, the SP and sperm from the males selected were separated by centrifugation to combine the two types of plasma with the two types of sperm, incubate them for three hours and then freeze them. The variables evaluated were: sperm morphology, structural and functional integrity of plasmatic membrane, progressive and total motility, DNA fragmentation, acrosome integrity, capacitated sperm and FCS. The combination of sperm and plasma of MHF recorded the highest value (P<0.01) of acrosome integrity (24.3 ± 0.082 vs 6.076 ± 0.16) when compared to MLF plasma and cells. Membrane structural integrity was higher (P<0.01) with MHF (53.56 ± 0.0395) than with MLF plasma (47.49 ± 0.0419). The differences in porcine semen freezability depend on interactions between seminal plasma and sperm.
Effect of probiotic strain addition on digestive organ growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs
Authors: Londoño Pérez Santiago , Lallès Jean-Paul , Parra Suescún Jaime
Published: September 2016

Pigs are exposed to different types of stress. The growth-promoting antibiotics (GPA) used to counteract this stress generate residues in the final product and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms to the environment and humans. As an alternative to GPA, probiotic bacteria have been used to provide health benefits to these animals. This study aimed to determine the comparitive effect of probiotic strain addition on digestive organ growth and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs. Eighty piglets weaned at 21 days were fed two diets: a commercial diet with and without antibiotic added. Different probiotics were added to the drinking water for pigs fed the antibiotic-free diets (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Enterococcus faecium). Thirty-five piglets were slaughtered sequentially at days 1, 15 and 30 post-weaning, and their digestive organs were extracted. Feces were also sampled by rectal collection at days 15, 30 and 45 post-weaning, in order to estimate apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients (indigestible marker). A significant increase was observed in the weight and development of digestive organs and in the nutrient digestibility percentages, especially for calcium and phosphorus, when comparing the animals that consumed E. faecium with those that consumed antibiotic. The addition of probiotic strains (especially E. faecium) can be considered as an alternative to the use of GPA when these strains are administered in pig diets during critical stages of their growth (post-weaning), since they improve the digestibility of economically and environmentally important nutrients including calcium and phosphorus, thus decreasing their release into the environment.
Characterization of a processed cheese spread produced from fresh cheese (quesito antioqueño)
Authors: Bejarano Toro Edinson Eliecer , Sepúlveda Valencia José Uriel , Restrepo Molina Diego Alonso
Published: September 2016

Processed products are made from mixes of fresh and ripened cheeses; the use of cheeses with a short shelf-life in the development of processed cheeses is an alternative for the dairy industry. A processed cheese spread was made using only a soft and fatty fresh cheese that had been stored for 25 days. The primary materials were the fresh cheese, water, and emulsifying salts (sodium citrate (E-331) and sodium phosphate (E-450)), using a STEPHAN® Universal Machine (UMSK 24E) with indirect vapor injection and equipped with rasping and cutting blades. The resulting cheese (A) was compared with a commercial cheese (B) for compositional, physicochemical, and sensorial characteristics. The cheeses were similar except for the fat in dry matter (FDM), with values of 54.50% and 47.21%, respectively. Sensorially, there were significant differences (P<0.05) for firmness, viscosity, and flavor; however, the instrumental viscosity did not present significant differences (P>0.05). Cheese A provided, in mg per 100 g of product, 935.823 for phenylalanine, 1003.070 for isoleucine, 2041.420 for leucine, 475.337 for methionine, 119.300 for tryptophan, and 758.347 for valine. Producing processed cheeses with only fresh cheese is possible, resulting in a product that is similar to others that are currently on the market with typical characteristics that are accepted by consumers.
Minimálisan invazív tüdőlebeny-eltávolítás eredményei osztályunk ötéves anyagában
Authors: Furák József , Pécsy Balázs , Ottlakán Aurél , Németh Tibor , Géczi Tibor , Tiszlavicz László , Lakatos Anna , Lázár György
Published: September 2016

Absztrakt

Bevezetés: Munkánkban bemutatjuk az elmúlt öt évben
osztályunkon, minimálisan invazív módszerrel (video-assisted thoracic surgery –
VATS) elvégzett tüdőlobectomiák sebészi vonatkozásait és korai posztoperatív
eredményeit. Betegek és módszerek: 2011. január 1. és 2015.
december 31. között három mellkassebész és egy rezidens 197 VATS-lobectomiát
végzett, 176 esetben malignus és 21 betegnél jóindulatú folyamat miatt. A
betegek demográfiai adatai a következők: 119 nő és 78 férfi; átlagéletkor 62,4
(41–82) év. 2011-ben három VATS-lobectomia történt, ami az összlobectomiák
2,2%-a volt, 2012-ben hét (7,3%), 2013-ban 13 (12%), 2014-ben 59 (34,5%) és
2015-ben 119 (68,5%). 153 esetben multiportal (78%) és 44 alkalommal uniportal
(22%) elülső feltárást alkalmaztunk. Az eltávolított lebenyek megoszlása a
következő: jobb felső 85, középső öt, jobb alsó 28, bal felső 44, bal alsó 34,
egy felső bilobectomia. Két alkalommal sleeve lobectomia történt. Nyolc betegnél
(4%) kényszerültünk thoracotomiára történő konverzióra, és a 46 uniportal
esetből öt alkalommal történt váltás biportal feltárásra (11%).
Eredmények: Műtéti vagy perioperatív halálozás nem volt. Az
átlagos műtéti idő 123 (60–315) perc, az átlagos mellkascsövezési időszak 4,3
(1–27) nap volt. A hét napnál tovább tartó levegőkilépés 11,7% volt. Négy
betegnél (2%) végeztünk reoperációt: két alkalommal vérzés, két esetben
kiterjedt subcutan emphysemával járó expanziós probléma miatt. A 176
rosszindulatú folyamat miatti VATS-lobectomia során 169 tüdőrákot és hét
tüdőáttétet távolítottunk el. A tüdőrákok stádium és szövettan szerinti
megoszlása a következő volt: IA 100, IB 28, IIA 17, IIB 3, IIIA 16, IIIB 1 és IV
4; adenocarcinoma 128, laphámrák 26, nagy sejtes carcinoma 3, kis sejtes
carcinoma 1, típusos carcinoid 10 és atípusos carcinoid 1.
Következtetés: Klinikánkon a VATS-lobectomia rutinműtétté
vált. Napjainkban a lebenyeltávolítások több mint kétharmada minimálisan invazív
módszerrel történik. A négy mellkassebész tanulóidőszakát is figyelembe véve,
eredményeink az irodalmi adatoknak felelnek meg.
Izolált hasnyálmirigy-sérülés sikeres műtéti kezelése
Authors: Chanis William , Pataki István , Mohos György , Soultan Thabet Ghayth , Al-Hamadi Mohamed
Published: September 2016

Absztrakt

Fiatal, 25 éves férfi betegünk esetét mutatjuk be, aki politraumatizált
állapotban került felvételre. Kórházunk intenzív osztályán kezeltük és a tompa
hasi sérülésből eredő izolált hasnyálmirigy-rupturát kétlépcsős műtéti
kezeléssel oldottuk meg.
The cost of virtual wins: An examination of gambling-related risks in youth who spend money on social casino games
Authors: King Daniel L. , Russell Alex , Gainsbury Sally , Delfabbro Paul H. , Hing Nerilee
Published: September 2016

Background and aims

Social casino games (SCGs) are not technically considered a form of gambling but they do enable players to spend money in a game that is gambling themed or structurally approximate to gambling. It has been theorized that SCGs could be a gateway to gambling activities or otherwise normalize the experience of gambling for young people, particularly when money becomes involved. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescents’ financial expenditure in SCGs was associated with broader gambling activity, including level of participation, expenditure, and problem gambling symptoms.

Methods

An online survey was administered to 555 adolescents, including 130 SCG players (78 non-paying and 52 paying users).

Results

Paying SCG users tended to be employed males who play more frequently and engage in more SCG activities, who report more symptoms of problem gambling and higher psychological distress than non-paying SCG users. Paying SCG users reported more frequent engagement and spending in monetary gambling activities, and two-thirds of SCG payers recalled that their SCG use had preceded involvement in financial gambling.

Discussion and conclusions

Spending in simulated gambling activities by adolescents may be a risk factor for problem gambling. Although SCGs may currently defy classification as a form of gambling, these activities will likely continue to be scrutinized by regulators for the use of dubious or exploitative payment features offered in a gambling-themed format that is available to persons of all ages.
Different Arenas, Different Attitudes: Partisan Inconsistency in the Canadian Federal System
Authors: Clarke Harold D. , Stewart Marianne C. , Acock Alan , Parker Suzanne L.
Published: September 2016

Party identification occupies a prominent place in contemporary theory and empirical research. Although its dimensions, sources, and implications for political choice have received considerable attention, the effect of political-institutional contexts on partisan attachments remains largely unexplored. We examine the patterns of such attachments in a system with differing arenas of citizen participation, government responsiveness, and political parties at the national and subnational levels. We suggest that a confluence of long- and short-term forces operates to influence partisan attitudes at both levels of government, and that these attitudes, net of other factors, are important determinants of public issue concerns, leader evaluations, and electoral choice. The correlates and consequences of partisan inconsistency in contemporary Canada are assessed using survey data from a series of studies conducted during the past two decades.
Dual Partisanship in the South: Anachronism, or a Real Barrier to Republican Success in the Region?
Authors: Barth Jay
Published: September 2016

This paper employs contemporary polling data to determine the degree to which dual partisanship is preponderant in the mass public of the eleven southern states. Because dual partisanship shows a lack of connection between the national political parties and the parties at lower levels, widespread dual partisanship could be seen as an important barrier to the “trickling down” of Republicanism in the region. While dual partisanship is not found to be present in large numbers in the contemporary southern electorate, differences in the partisan commitments of southern voting groups - of age, gender, and subregion - have important implications for the present and future workings of southern voting groups - of age, gender, and subregion - have important implications for the present and future workings of southern politics. The paper goes on to discuss how this absence of dual partisanship from the thinking of most members of the mass electorate in the region could coexist with evidence of dual partisanship among southern party activists reported in recent survey results.
Party Identification and Level of Government: The Validity of Mixed Party Identifications
Authors: Cotter Patrick R. , Stovall James Glen
Published: September 2016

Previous research has found that some individuals give different answers when asked about their national, state and/or local party identifications. These response inconsistencies suggest that there is a level of government dimension to party identification. It is possible, however, that the consistency of individuals' responses to questions about their different party identifications is instead the product of measurement error. The validity of measures of mixed party identifications is investigated in this study. The results of the analysis support the conclusion that there is a level of government dimension to party identification.
Who Has the Body? Party Institutionalization and Theories of Party Organization
Authors: Baer Denise L.
Published: September 2016

This analysis seeks to codify and elucidate an emerging consensus among party scholars concerning the phenomenon and significance of the institutionalized party. More than the mere bureaucratization of party organizations, by adapting to environmental challenge an evolving “web of party” has sprouted new linkages between elites and non-elites, as well as among national and subnational executives and legislatures. Party scholarship, dominated until recently by non-institutional perspectives such as progressivism, behavioralism, and pluralism, needs to examine party institutionalization in a broader institutional context, i.e., as compared with Congress, the Presidency, and other prime political institutions, for which the advent of the institutionalized party has far-reaching implications.
Military Coups d'etat in Nigeria Revisited: A Political and Economic Analysis
Authors: Nyangoro Julius E.
Published: September 2016

In the last few years, there seems to have been a radical transformation in African politics. South Africa, which for a long time reflected the politics of racial domination, is moving towards multi-racial rule. Formerly one-party states such as Zambia and Kenya recently have held multi-party elections; and authoritarian regimes such as Zaire are now seriously discussing the possibility of pluralist politics. The question that this paper seeks to address is whether the changes taking place are indeed ushering in a new phase of politics in Africa without the prospect of military intervention. Nigeria is used as a case study for examining this question.
Presidential Nominations Since Party Reform
Authors: Epstein Leon D.
Published: September 2016

The much criticized presidential nominating system of 1972-1992 looks more defensible when it is compared with alternative systems. For analytical purposes, the proposed or conceivable options are discussed under six rubrics, ranging from least to most participatory. Each alternative, it is argued, is either politically unrealistic or less desirable than the present system. An advantage of that system, as we know from the experience of the last twenty years, is that it allows incremental changes that might be more difficult to make under a nationally legislated plan. Thus, improvements can be contemplated by states and parties without a virtually irreversible transformation of the system.
"His to Lose": The Failure of George Herbert Walker Bush, 1992
Authors: Maggiotto Michael A. , Wekkin Gary D.
Published: September 2016

Using a two-wave panel, this paper locates the proximate causes of the defeat of George Bush in 1992 not among the variables traditionally applied by election forecasters-economic performance measures, presidential popularity, or retrospective partisanship-but in the tactics and choices of the electoral season itself. The Bush campaign failed to secure a firm base of support, failed to generate momentum even among those predisposed to support the incumbent, and failed to recognize, then capture, the issue space most important to the electorate. As a result, Bush failed to secure a second term.
Changing Ways of Calling for Change: Media Coverage of the 1992 Campaign
Authors: Savage Robert L.
Published: September 2016

The 1992 Presidential campaign proved to be the ultimate media campaign of the past two decades during which this electioneering mode has dominated American politics. The essay that follows is framed primarily in terms of major foci shaping the mediated aspects of such campaigns, including the framing of the initial campaign and the eventual winnowing of the candidates, press performance and media bias, campaign advertising, and televised debates. In addition, two major elements shaping media coverage that were more or less unique to the 1992 campaign are examined. While tentative efforts were taken by journalists in 1988 and 1990 to mediate candidate-produced messages, the 1992 campaign is the first in which a number of media organizations attempted some systematic efforts in this regard. Moreover, the Ross Perot candidacy was the most important “third-party” candidacy in eight decades, producing a number of changes in the process of media coverage for a Presidential campaign. In sum, from a communication perspective, it was a very interesting campaign, the portents of which are unclear at present.
Toward an Operational Definition of Consensus
Authors: Holsti Ole R.
Published: September 2016

Although “consensus” is a key concept in several social sciences, there is very little agreement on how it should be defined. That political philosophers and theorists who have pondered the extent and types of agreement necessary for effective political systems rarely specify the threshold for consensus is not surprising. But even students of voting behavior and public opinion, who use the term extensively, often fail to identify precise levels of agreement necessary to achieve consensus; among those who do, there is a lack of agreement on how high that level should be. This paper attempts to develop an operational definition of consensus based on the level of agreement across two groups-in this case, political parties. A 4x4 matrix yields six distinct levels of agreement ranging from “strong bipartisan consensus” to “strong partisan dissensus”. In order to account for variations in response options, four versions are described. Evidence from four nationwide surveys on the foreign policy attitudes of American opinion leaders-conducted in 1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988-is used to illustrate the scheme.
The South and the Military: Evidence from the House of Representatives
Authors: Beachler Donald
Published: September 2016

With the enfranchisement of southern Blacks and the development of a two-party system in the region, several well-documented changes have occurred in southern politics. Among the most prominent of these changes is the greater liberalism exhibited by many southern Democratic members of Congress. Several scholars have noted the vastly increased support southern Democrats provide for civil rights measures. Other researchers have noted less conservatism by southern representatives on other issues. This paper explores roll call voting by southern representatives on national security issues. It demonstrates that despite some increased liberalism by southern Democrats, during the 1980s a wide regional gap existed within the Democratic caucus on foreign policy and military matters. Southern Democratic votes on national security issues were influenced by a representative’s overall ideology, by a district’s partisan preferences as indicated by presidential election results, the region of the South a representative is from, and by the strength of Republican opposition in a district.
Congressional Informal Groups as Representative Responsiveness
Authors: Vega Arturo
Published: September 2016

Despite a proliferation of congressional groups since the mid-1970s, little attention has been devoted to the group life of Congress. This study focuses on congressional informal groups as modern extensions of representative responsiveness. Three questions are asked: (1) What are the roles and activities of congressional groups? (2) Are there differences in roles and activities by group type? and, (3) Are there patterns of activity that define a group life? Using survey data and factor analyses, this study, while discovering few distinctions among the groups, finds the group life of Congress as patterned responses to fulfilling the needs and interests of group constituencies and members of Congress.
Congressional Caucuses and Congressional Committees: A Commentary on Vega
Authors: Longoria Thomas
Published: September 2016

This comment on Vega’s article, “Congressional Informal Groups as Representative Responsiveness,” discusses where Vega’s work fits into the congressional caucus literature, and suggests directions for future research on such caucuses. Vega’s work is motivated by an important theory that guides sound empirical analysis. The study is an important break from earlier work because of his use of representation theory to develop the representative responsive-ness framework. Outlining the different strategies used by congressional caucuses to accomplish representational goals expands our understanding of congressional caucuses considerably. The case-study analysis is especially valuable and supports the factor analysis findings.