bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ETNOEDUCACIÓN, ETNIZACIÓN AFROCOLOMBIANA Y FORCEJEOS DECOLONIALES
Authors: Arboleda Quiñonez Santiago
Published: December 2018

Aquí se discute la etnoeducación como campo de gestión y producción de alteridad, al tiempo que de auto representación positiva, en el de trámite de un proyecto de transformación y hasta cierto punto de ruptura con el paradigma monocultural, imperante en la educación colombiana y en general en nuestros países latinoamericanos.  Se postula que el proyecto etnoeducativo fija propósitos abiertamente decoloniales y liberadores, que parten de la experiencia y el pensamiento de los pueblos indígenas y afrocolombianos.
Managing gestational diabetes mellitus: Audit data of outcomes for women and neonates
Authors: Brown Anna-Maria , Rajeswari Devannas , Williams Peter , Lowndes Alison
Published: December 2018

Background

Literature on the management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other pre-existing diabetic conditions in pregnancy suggest treatments that may ameliorate outcomes for both mother and neonates.

Aims

To examine the effects of GDM on outcomes for mothers and neonates and the effects of maternal age, body mass index and gestational age at birth with or without induction of labour for women with GDM.

Methods

Audit data of outcomes for GDM groups were analysed against outcomes for the general population of women giving birth in this unit. Descriptive statistics organised the data and inferential statistics determined the significant differences between frequencies.

Findings

Most of the results were predictive when comparing women with and without GDM for mode of birth and outcomes for mothers and neonates. This included significant differences for hospital birth, induction of labour and caesarean section.

Conclusion

Good glycaemic control and healthy lifestyle measures are advised to minimise development of obesity in women with GDM and diverse outcomes for both mothers and neonates.
Does preceptorship support newly qualified midwives to become confident practitioners?
Authors: Black Sophie Emma
Published: December 2018

Background

Preceptorship is as a period of time whereby a newly qualified registrant is supported and guided to make the transition from student to competent practitioner.

Aim

To analyse the literature and answer whether preceptorship for newly qualified midwives supports them to become competent and confident practitioners.

Methods

Literature was searched using an inclusion/exclusion criteria and six pieces of relevant literature met the inclusion criteria. Themes were derived from the chosen pieces of literature and analysed thematically.

Results

The themes consisted of two main themes and three subthemes. There were also some additional comments that could not be classed as themes but were important to note.

Conclusion

There is an evident lack of primary research into newly qualified midwives, preceptorship, and gaining competence and confidence. More primary research is needed to assess this notion. In addition, preceptors also need to be trained to ensure they have the right attributes to adequately support, teach and assess junior midwives.
Midwifery and psychological care
Authors: Jones Alun Charles
Published: December 2018

Midwives know how multidisciplinary working can provide expertise from a variety of specialties relevant to a woman's care. Alun Jones outlines what psychology research can teach midwives
Clinical Microbiology Is Growing Up: The Total Laboratory Automation Revolution
Authors: Bailey Adam L , Ledeboer Nathan , Burnham Carey-Ann D
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Historically, culture-based microbiology laboratory testing has relied on manual methods, and automated methods (such as those that have revolutionized clinical chemistry and hematology over the past several decades) were largely absent from the clinical microbiology laboratory. However, an increased demand for microbiology testing and standardization of sample-collection devices for microbiology culture, as well as a dwindling supply of microbiology technologists, has driven the adoption of automated methods for culture-based laboratory testing in clinical microbiology.

CONTENT

We describe systems currently enabling total laboratory automation (TLA) for culture-based microbiology testing. We describe the general components of a microbiology automation system and the various functions of these instruments. We then introduce the 2 most widely used systems currently on the market: Becton Dickinson's Kiestra TLA and Copan's WASPLab. We discuss the impact of TLA on metrics such as turnaround time and recovery of microorganisms, providing a review of the current literature and perspectives from laboratory directors, managers, and technical staff. Finally, we provide an outlook for future advances in TLA for microbiology with a focus on artificial intelligence for automated culture interpretation.

TLA is playing an increasingly important role in clinical microbiology. Although challenges remain, TLA has great potential to affect laboratory efficiency, turnaround time, and the overall quality of culture-based microbiology testing.
Impact of Hormone Therapy on Laboratory Values in Transgender Patients
Authors: SoRelle Jeffrey A , Jiao Rhoda , Gao Emily , Veazey Jonas , Frame Ithiel , Quinn Andrew M , Day Philip , Pagels Patti , Gimpel Nora , Patel Khushbu
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

For transgender individuals taking hormone therapy (HT), data on laboratory values are limited, and the effects on laboratory values cannot be easily predicted. We evaluated the impact on common laboratory analytes in transgender individuals before and after initiation of HT.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective chart review of transgender patients identified at transgender-specific clinics at an urban county hospital and community clinic. Laboratory data were collected on hormone concentrations, hematologic parameters, electrolytes, lipids, and liver and renal markers before and after initiation of HT.

RESULTS

We identified 183 transgender women (TW) and 119 transgender men (TM) for whom laboratory data were available. In all, 87 TW and 62 TM had baseline laboratory data, and data were also available for 133 TW and 89 TM on HT for >6 months. The most significant changes were seen in red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and creatinine levels after >6 months of HT, which increased in TM and decreased in TW after HT (P < 0.005; d index > 0.6). Alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase levels increased in TM; however, the effect size was small (d index < 0.5). Calcium, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase levels significantly decreased in TW (P < 0.001; d > 0.6). Additionally, TM were found to have increased triglycerides and decreased HDL levels (P < 0.005; d > 0.6).

CONCLUSIONS

Changes occur in several common laboratory parameters for patients on HT. Some laboratory values changed to match the gender identity, whereas others remained unchanged or were intermediate from the baseline values. These findings will help guide interpretation of laboratory test results in transgender patients taking HT.
Adding the Team into T1 Translational Research: A Case Study of Multidisciplinary Team Science in the Evaluation of Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer Risk and Prognosis
Authors: Marrone Michael T , Joshu Corinne E , Peskoe Sarah B , De Marzo Angelo M , Heaphy Christopher M , Lupold Shawn E , Meeker Alan K , Platz Elizabeth A
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Given translational research challenges, multidisciplinary team science is promoted to increase the likelihood of moving from discovery to health effect. We present a case study documenting the utility of multidisciplinary team science in prostate cancer tissue biomarker validation.

METHODS

We used primary data generated by a team consisting of a pathologist, cancer biologists, a biostatistician, and epidemiologists. We examined their contributions by phase of biomarker evaluation to identify when, through the practice of team science, threats to internal validity were recognized and solved. Next, we quantified the extent of bias avoided in evaluating the association of Ki67 (immunohistochemistry), stromal cell telomere length (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and microRNA (miRNA) (miR-21, miR-141, miR-221; quantitative RT-PCR) with prostate cancer risk or recurrence in nested case–control studies.

RESULTS

Threats to validity were tissue storage time (Ki67, miRNA) and laboratory equipment maintenance (telomeres). Solutions were all in the data analysis phase and involved using tissue storage-time specific cutpoints and/or batch-specific cutpoints. Bias in the regression coefficient for quantiles of each biomarker ranged from 24% to 423%, and the coefficient for the test for trend ranged from 15% to 910%. The interpretation of the associations changed as follows: Ki67, null to positive; stromal cell telomere length, null to positive; miR-21 and miR-141 remained null; miR-221, weak to moderate inverse.

CONCLUSIONS

In this case study, we documented the inferential benefits of multidisciplinary team science when the team's collaboration and coordination led to the identification of threats to validity and the implementation of appropriate solutions.
Low-Grade Inflammation in the Association between Mild-to-Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis: A Study of More Than 115000 Individuals from the General Population
Authors: Hansen Signe E J , Madsen Christian M , Varbo Anette , Nordestgaard Børge G
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

How mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia (2–10 mmol/L; 177–886 mg/dL) potentially causes acute pancreatitis is unknown; however, cellular studies indicate that inflammation might be a driver of disease progression. We tested the hypotheses that (a) mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia is associated with low-grade inflammation and that (b) the association between mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia and risk of acute pancreatitis depends on low-grade inflammation.

METHODS

From the Copenhagen General Population Study and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, 117865 men and women 20–100+ years of age with measurements of nonfasting plasma triglycerides at baseline were followed prospectively for development of acute pancreatitis.

RESULTS

After multivariable adjustment, a 1 mmol/L (89 mg/dL) higher nonfasting triglyceride concentration was associated with 17% (95% CI, 16%–18%, P = 3 × 10−17) higher plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and a 4.2% (4.0%–4.4%, P = 6 × 10−17) higher blood leukocyte count. Higher concentrations of nonfasting triglycerides were associated almost linearly with higher risk of acute pancreatitis (P for trend = 5 × 10−6), with hazard ratios of 1.5 (95% CI, 0.9–2.5), 2.0 (95% CI, 1.1–3.6), 2.2 (95% CI, 1.0–4.7), 4.2 (95% CI, 1.6–11.5), and 7.7 (95% CI, 3.0–19.8) in individuals with nonfasting triglycerides of 1.00–1.99 mmol/L (89–176 mg/dL; 46% of the population), 2.00–2.99 mmol/L (177–265 mg/dL; 17%), 3.00–3.99 mmol/L (266–353 mg/dL; 6%), 4.00–4.99 mmol/L (354–442 mg/dL; 2%), and ≥5mmol/L(443 mg/dL; 2%), respectively, vs individuals with <1 mmol/L (89 mg/dL; 27%). The association with risk of acute pancreatitis appeared more pronounced in individuals with CRP of ≥1.39 mg/L (P for trend = 0.001) and leukocytes of ≥7 × 109/L (P = 2 × 10−4) than in those with CRP <1.39 mg/L (P = 0.03) and leukocytes <7 × 109/L (P = 0.04); however, there was no formal evidence of statistical interaction (P = 0.38 for CRP and P = 0.41 for leukocytes).

CONCLUSIONS

Mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia is associated with low-grade inflammation and higher risk of acute pancreatitis. The association between mild-to-moderate hypertriglyceridemia and risk of acute pancreatitis is possibly partly mediated by low-grade inflammation.
Anarchistische Uhrmacher in der Schweiz
Authors: Eitel Florian
Published: December 2018

Warum bekannten sich Uhrmacher im Tal von Saint-Imier in der Schweiz zum Anarchismus? Erklärungen liefert die Perspektive der ›modernen Globalisierung‹: Wie die Weltwirtschaft ging auch der Anarchismus aus globalen Kommunikations-, Transport-, Finanz- und Migrationsflüssen der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts hervor - allerdings als Alternative zu Nationalismus und Kapitalismus. Mit der Untersuchung von Florian Eitel widmet sich zum ersten Mal seit 40 Jahren eine historische Studie der einflussreichen anarchistischen Juraföderation. Bisher namenlose Mitglieder dieser Organisation treten aus dem Schatten bekannter Revolutionäre wie Michail Alexandrowitsch Bakunin und Pjotr Alexejewitsch Kropotkin. Die mikrohistorische Globalgeschichte analysiert, wie eine noch heute global aktive politische Bewegung entstand und funktionierte.
Kritischer Kannibalismus
Authors: Schmitt-Maaß Christoph
Published: December 2018

Literaturkritik ist ein grausames Geschäft: Bücher werden gnadenlos verrissen, während einige Autoren ihrerseits den Tod des Kritikers herbeifantasieren. Diese Triebkräfte der Literaturkritik lassen sich - ausgehend von Walter Benjamins These, dass der Kritiker ein Kannibale sei - als diskursive Praktiken in der Literaturkritik der Moderne nachzeichnen, die bis auf den ›Stammvater‹ der deutschsprachigen Literaturkritik, Christian Thomasius, zurückreichen. Christoph Schmitt-Maaß untersucht die barbarischen und archaischen Ursprünge der Literaturkritik, die bereits seit den Anfängen der Aufklärung als anthropologische Konstanten die Text- und Selbstdeutung motivieren.
Sounds, Spaces, and Radio
Authors: Michelsen Morten
Published: December 2018

In order to better understand how radio sound and programming contribute to cultural change and modernization until around 1960 the author suggests a tripartite conceptualisation. These are »radio hereness« (radio close by); »radio thereness« (radio's ordering and reordering of public spaces); and »radio in between« (radio combining places and spaces by making the public private and vice versa). This tripartite division supports the constant mediation between place and space by way of radio. Radio hereness is demonstrated by pointing to one of the consequences of the introduction of FM after the Second World War. Radio thereness is exemplified by a Danish broadcast about a village in Africa where speech and music are combined with other kinds of sound. Radio in between may be found in variety shows and other shows which afford constant changes in listening strategy.
Pädagogische Verantwortung zwischen Eros und Ethos
Authors: Agostini Evi
Published: December 2018

Evi Agostini geht in ihrem Beitrag der Frage nach pädagogischer Verantwortung am Beispiel der Odenwaldschule nach. Dabei werden viele Fragen virulent, nicht zuletzt die Frage nach Begriff und Subjekt der Verantwortung selbst. Die Odenwaldschule, das einstige reformpädagogische Vorzeigeprojekt Deutschlands, ist insbesondere bekannt geworden in Zusammenhang mit sexualisierten Übergriffen auf Schülerinnen und Schüler. Bei genauerem Hinsehen brechen Risse einer Verantwortungslosigkeit auf, die durch keine rationale Begründung zu kitten sind. In der theoretischen Auseinandersetzung mit der Problematik zeichnet sich ab, dass Verantwortung seine Kontur je nachdem ändert, wem sie wie zugeschrieben wird, auf welchem thematischen Feld sie sich bewegt und mit welchem normativen Gehalt sie auftritt. Indem pädagogische Verantwortung vor dem Hintergrund dieser Implikationen im Spannungsfeld von Eros und Ethos verortet wird, kommen unterschiedliche Facetten von pädagogischer Verantwortung in ihrer je spezifischen Bedeutung zum Vorschein: Selbst- bzw. Eigenverantwortung, Mitverantwortung, Verantwortungsgefühl, Verantwortungslosigkeit, Verantwortlichmachen, Verantwortungsübernahme und ein (Nicht-)Zur-Verantwortung-gezogen-Werden, aber auch eine Verantwortung im Sinne einer genuinen »Verantwortlichkeit«, die dem Gedanken Rechnung trägt, dass in jeder Handlung die eigenen personalen Möglichkeiten stets überschritten werden.
Editorial-This Is Not an Atlas
Authors: Halder Severin , Michel Boris
Published: December 2018

This chapter introduces the basic idea of »This Is Not an Atlas« and its history. It explains why the publication starts with a love-hate relation to maps and atlases. It also shows how critical cartography can be a starting point for both, criticizing the power of maps as well as actively engaging in mapping and making critical maps. This chapter positions the atlas in relation to activism, art and academia and sketches out the other chapters one by one. It proposes how maps and mapping can be seen and used as tools for action, to tie networks, to create political pressure or to create visibility for marginalized groups. Maps are thus instruments to criticize, educate, show spatial subjectivities and support self-reflection.
Discussing Counter-Cartographies
Authors: Wood Denis , Mesquita Andre , Harvey Francis , Mogel Lize , Martín Felipe
Published: December 2018

Instead of a conclusion »This Is Not an Atlas« ends with a discussion between critical cartographers who are engaged in activism, art and academia in order to reflect counter-cartographies in general and Not-an-Atlas in particular. The discussion aims at deepening our understanding of maps and atlases, as well as map-making and atlas-making. At the same time, it points towards future ways of developing a counter-cartographic culture. This is not a conclusion because Not-an-Atlas does not end with this discussion. Moreover, it is part of a cartography in movement that started long ago and might keep on moving for quite a while. André Mesquita, Denis Wood, Felipe Martín Novoa, Francis Harvey, Iconoclasistas, Lize Mogel, Liz Mason-Deese & Tim Stallmann from the Counter Cartographies Collective and kollektiv orangotango+ participate in this discussion.
Der Widerstand gegen Literatur
Authors: Baum Michael
Published: December 2018

Ist Literaturdidaktik nichts anderes als organisierter Widerstand gegen Literatur? Oder ist eine andere Didaktik der Literatur denkbar, die vom Widerstand der Literatur ausgeht? Nach landläufigem Urteil kommen didaktische Modelle ins Spiel, wenn es um die Einweisung von Literatur in den Bereich von Erziehung und Schule geht. Man legt fest, was an der Literatur warum und wie gelernt werden soll. Die lehrbar gemachte Literatur bringt deswegen einen ganzen Apparat von Verfahren, Lehrzielen und normativen Urteilen über Kunst hervor. Michael Baum fügt dem, anders als üblich, nicht ein neues Konzept hinzu, sondern fragt nach den Widersprüchen eines Diskurses, der für sich in Anspruch nimmt, erfolgreiches pädagogisches Handeln orientieren zu können.
Zur Repräsentation des Anderen
Authors: Wolfgarten Tim
Published: December 2018

Was wird über Bilder in Themenausstellungen zu Migration inhaltlich vermittelt und welche Affekte werden über die formale Bildgestaltung aufgerufen? Das sind die zwei zentralen Leitfragen der Studie, für die insgesamt 814 Ausstellungen erhoben wurden. Die Studie bietet eine erstmalige umfassende Übersicht über ebendiese Ausstellungen, innerhalb derer das Thema Migration seit dem Jahr 1974 insbesondere auf bildlicher Ebene verhandelt wird. Auch wenn die Anzahl der insgesamt 13.049 untersuchten Bilder hoch erscheint, wird bei näherer Betrachtung deutlich, dass die Auswahl der eröffneten Sichtweisen auf das Thema begrenzt ist. Neben Schlussfolgerungen für die kuratorische Praxis bieten die Befunde des Weiteren Impulse für die pädagogische Tätigkeit der Vermittlung.
Karl IV. und sein Halbbruder Wenzel. Das Herzogtum Luxemburg und Karls Politik im Westen des Reiches
Authors: Pauly Michel
Published: December 2018

Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Politik Karls IV. in Bezug auf das Herzogtum Luxemburg. Hatte er nach dem Schlachtentod seines Vaters Johann (1346) zunächst selbst die Herrschaft in Luxemburg übernommen, bequemte er sich 1353 dazu, sie wie im Testament Johanns vorgesehen, seinem Halbbruder Wenzel zu überlassen, der Johanna von Brabant geheiratet hatte und fortan vor Ort die Interessen der Dynastie und des Reiches vertrat. Es ging Karl IV. darum, sowohl in Oberlotharingien Frankreich entgegenzutreten und in Niederlotharingien die Ansprüche der Wittelsbacher einzugrenzen. Da die Ehe Wenzels mit Johanna kinderlos blieb, hatten die Luxemburger gehofft, im Westen des Reiches das Erbe Luxemburgs und Brabants anzutreten. Doch Karl musste einsehen, dass ein Großterritorium Luxemburg in diesem Raum nicht mehr durchzusetzen war und bevorzugte den Erwerb Brandenburgs. Als Wenzel vor seiner älteren Ehefrau (1383) starb, übertrug Johanna Brabant und Limburg an Margarete, die Tochter ihrer Schwester, die mit Philipp dem Kühnen von Burgund verheiratet war.
Activating the Archive From Below at a Moment of Cultural and Political Crisis
Authors: Sholette Gregory
Published: December 2018

Along with the social antagonism that fully networked culture fosters with its panoptic vulnerability to surveillance and self-obsessive tendencies (such as sharing one's privacy with thousands of others as well as corporate marketing specialists), there are also no barricades or prohibitions that prevent assemblies of authoritarian and white supremacist bodies from similarly using networked culture to assemble in an effort to eclipse (or to affirm) their own dark matter obscurity. And this is precisely what we have seen over the past few years across the globe, at an accelerating pace.
INTERSEKSI MASKULINITAS DAN AGAMA DALAM CERPEN ROBOHNYA SURAU KAMI KARYA A. A. NAVIS
Authors: Hidayatullah Danial
Published: December 2018

This research aims to find out how gender and narrative correlate to each other. Traditionally speaking, gender is only related to one of the intrinsic aspects, the character, which is usually inside the plot. Although in this short story the narrator is character-bound narrator, the narrator is not in the fabula or plot. The implication is that it can be assumed that gender plays its role. The narrator in this short story obviously gets involved in the contestation of masculinity of the characters. The method of narratology is employed to dig out all of the masculine contestation, among the main characters (Ajo Sidi and Sang Kakek/the Oldman) and the narrator. The result shows that the masculinity of Ajo Sidi belongs to the hegemonic masculinity and the masculinity of the Oldman belongs to the non-hegemonic masculinity. The contestation of masculinity represents the binary opposition between active and passive masculinity. In this respect, the masculinity of the Oldman, which is passive, can be binarized as the feminine rather than masculine one.
PENERJEMAHAN ISTILAH RELIGI: PENILAIAN KUALITAS KEAKURATAN
Authors: Yulianita Nadia Gitya
Published: December 2018

This paper aims to seek the category of religious terms in The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Understanding Islam (written by Emerick Yahiya), the translation’s techniques which are used to translate them, and the accuracy of the translation in Memahami Islam. The translation was done by Tim Penerjemah Pusat Bahasa dan Budaya Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah. This research is a descriptive qualitative research and an embedded-case study. It was conducted by categorizing the religious terms which exist in the book. Based on the relevance theory, the researcher determined how a proper translation should be. Then, the researcher compared the source language and target language in order to identify the translation techniques. Finally, the researcher assessed the accuracy of the translation based on the translation techniques. The result shows that there are fourteen categories of religious terms in the book, namely eschatology, moral and ethical criteria, religious artifacts, religious constructions, religious events, religious groups, religious personages, religious sites, specialized religious activities, supernatural beings, terms of revelation, religious ceremonies, religious histories, and religious activities. In addition, the translator uses established equivalent, borrowing, literal, particularization, generalization, transposition, reduction, addition, explicitation and discursive creation techniques. In addition, the average score for the accuracy of the translation is 2,8.
REPRODUKSI WOMANHOOD DALAM NOVEL BUNDA: KISAH CINTA 2 KODI KARYA ASMA NADIA
Authors: Udasmoro Wening
Published: December 2018

Positioning women in literary works by women’s writers almost always has a dynamic turn. Asma Nadia, as a women’s writer is a representation of Forum Lingkar Pena which tends to flip the early women’s narrative model in Reformation era. This narrative model positions women, who are as if in a autonomus and auto-regulative narrative, into their subordinative position. The reversal of women’s narration by women’s writer with the religious perspectives brings up questions like: how is the positioning represented? How are the construction and the position of women in the turning point of the Reformation? What kind of reproduction of womanhood is formed in the novel? This paper aims at investigating the construction of womanhood in the novel with the religious perspectives by Asma Nadia, Bunda Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi. The alternatives in facing the religious structures are negotiated by the writers in various ways. Pardoxes emerge as the consequences of those alternatives.
INTERFERENSI FONETIS BAHASA ARAB DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA: ANALISIS UJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA OLEH PENUTUR ARAB
Authors: Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Published: December 2018

This article aims to  analyze the forms of phonetic interference of Arabic language in the Indonesian language speech spoken by an Arabic native speaker. The source of the data and the object of analysis in this article are the recordings of religious lectures of a preacher from Madinah, Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Ali Jabir, which have been delivered in Indonesian language and widely circulated on YouTube site. The lecture recordings are positioned as Indonesian speech events delivered by an Arabic native speaker. The analytical frameworks used in this paper are the theory of the first language interference over the second language, the theory of contrastive analysis, and the theory of error analysis. The interference theory is applied to understand the flow and the form of interference between Arabic and Indonesian language. The contrastive analysis is applied to identify the phonemic differences between Arabic and the Language of Indonesia and to predict the interferences they cause. Meanwhile, the error analysis is applied to identify the forms of phonetic interference of Arabic over the Indonesian language and to explain their causes and motives. This research finds that there are forms of interference of Arabic sounds in Indonesian speeches spoken by an Arabic native speaker which can generally be patterned in two forms, namely, changes in the pronunciation of unknown Indonesian sounds in Arabic, and changes in the pronunciation of the sounds of the Indonesian words derived from the Arabic language. Both of these two patterns are marked by the change of point and manner of articulation of some Indonesian sounds.
KEKHASAN DIKSI VALENTINO SIMANJUNTAK PADA PIALA PRESIDEN 2017
Authors: Fatoni Nur Rochman
Published: December 2018

This research aims to explain the meaning and style of the unique dictions of langauge by Valentino Simanjuntak (VS) in the 2017 Presidential Cup and to explain the context of the underlying discourse. The research data is the unique diction list that VS often said in commenting on the match. The researcher uses the techniques of listening, noting, recording, transcripting, and documenting. In analyzing the data, researchers uses descriptive method. The results shows that the emergence of the unique dictions of VS is based on 3 contexts; namely physical, social, and epistemic context. The meaning analysis finds that VS uses the dictions to comment about what is happening in the pitch. He describes the events in the soccer matches by associating events in the pitch with events from various domains. The referred domains are household, romance, law, transportation. From the 24 data findings, the researcher finds 16 nouns dictions, 5 verbal dictions, a numeral diction, a minor phrases, and a sound imitations. VS’s dictions also have 2 pictoral meanings, 16 figurative meanings, 3 referential meanings, and 3 connotative meanings. VS uses 15 styles of metaphor and 5 styles of personification. There are 4 dictions that do not use any style.
teste
Authors: Silveira Dâmaris
Published: December 2018

teste
Does wind speed and direction influence timing and route of a trans-hemispheric migratory songbird (purple martin) at a migration barrier?
Authors: Abdulle S. A. , Fraser K. C.
Published: December 2018

The influence of weather on the departure decisions and routes of migratory birds can now be further investigated with the use of direct tracking methods. We tested hypotheses for migration departure decisions and flight trajectories by determining the influence of wind speed and direction at the Yucatan peninsula in spring on departure date, migratory route, and longitude of arrival at the northern Gulf coast of a trans-hemispheric migratory songbird, purple martin (Progne subis). Birds were equipped with geolocators at their breeding colony and 36 were recaptured upon return after spring migration. While southerly tailwinds with low wind speeds prevailed at the Yucatan during the period of passage, we found that daily wind speed and direction were still important predictors of departure date. However, wind conditions at departure did not predict longitude of arrival at the US gulf coast after crossing the gulf. Birds appeared to favour the shortest distance across the Gulf of Mexico, aided by consistent tailwinds, but may have corrected for wind drift so as to land at a longitude near 88°, reflecting the shortest distance across from the Yucatan staging areas. Considering their use prior to departure, high quality roost sites at the Yucatan peninsula would be important conservation targets for this declining aerial insectivore.
Lern- und kompetenzförderliche Arbeitsgestaltung in der digitalisierten Arbeitswelt
Authors: Dehnbostel Peter
Published: December 2018

Konzepte und Kriterien der lernförderlichen Gestaltung von Arbeit sind seit den 1970er-Jahren Gegenstand von Forschung und Entwicklung verschiedener Disziplinen. Heute ist die Arbeitsgestaltung nicht nur lernförderlich, sondern lern- und kompetenzförderlich auszurichten. Sie bezieht sich auf eine zunehmend digitalisierte Arbeit, die unter dem Label „Industrie 4.0“ die Entwicklung von Arbeit und Arbeitsstrukturen dominiert. Dabei wird arbeitsintegriertes Lernen zu einem konstitutiven Bestandteil digitalisierter Arbeit. Arbeits- und Lernorte werden entgrenzt, zugleich um die Arbeit gestaltende Lernräume, Lernarchitekturen und Lernformen erweitert. Unter Bezug darauf werden bestehende Dimensionen und Merkmale der Arbeitsgestaltung als übergreifende Kriterien fortgeschrieben, die gleichermaßen der Analyse wie der Konstruktion lern- und kompetenzförderlicher Arbeitsgestaltung dienen.
Führung unter lernförderlichen Arbeitsbedingungen
Authors: Elbe Martin
Published: December 2018

Arbeit und Führung befinden sich in einem weltweiten Wandlungsprozess, der Menschen ebenso wie maschinelle Systeme betrifft. Lernprozesse und Lernverantwortung werden zunehmend integrale Bestandteile von Arbeits- und Führungsanforderungen. Dabei erfolgt Lernen in autonomen Raum-Zeit-Arrangements, was für menschliche Arbeitende nach wie vor als Ausnahme erscheint. Einsatzorganisationen als Lern- und Arbeitsraum liefern hier ein Beispiel für die Verknüpfung von Arbeit, Führung und Lernen hin zu einer integrierten Lern- und Führungskultur. Dies wird im vorliegenden Beitrag als theoretischer Entwurf aufgrund empirischer Analyseergebnisse entwickelt.
Characteristics of small-sized space debris objects detected at the Terskol observatory in 2016-2017
Authors: Levkina Polina , Bakhtigaraev Nail , Martynyuk-Lototskyy Konstantin , Velichko Sergey , Sokolov Ilia , Bondar Arkadii , Khorunzhiy Pavel , Chazov Vadim
Published: December 2018

The study of near-Earth space includes the detection and investigation of an increasing number of space debris objects by ground-based optical telescopes. There is no natural cleansing of space in the geostationary region. The telescope Zeiss-2000 with a two-meter aperture of the Terskol observatory is the largest optical instrument regularly used for space debris investigations. One of the main purposes in «Astronomy in the Elbrus region» international program’s boundaries is the detection and characterization of small fragments of debris,which are invisible for smaller telescopes. During observations on photometric nights we usually detect 4-5 unknown fragments of 17-21st star magnitude. In this article, we present orbital parameters and physical characteristics of several small-sized fragments of the space debris detected at the Terskol observatory in 2016-2017.
Profits Under Centralized Negotiations: The Efficient Bargaining Case
Authors: Buccella Domenico , Fanti Luciano
Published: December 2018

Making use of a Conjectural Variation model, the present note re-examines the subject of the firms’ profits ranking under different degrees of market competition in a unionized duopoly with industry-wide Efficient Bargaining (EB). It is shown that, while Cournot-like competition profits are always larger than Bertrand-like ones with separated wage negotiations, an uniform wage bargaining can lead to the appearance of the reversal.
Adapting Open-space Learning Techniques to Teach Cultural Literacy
Authors: Ochoa Gabriel García , McDonald Sarah , Monk Nicholas
Published: December 2018

There is a growing body of work on the theory of cultural literacy, but little has been written on how to teach cultural literacy in higher education contexts. This article discusses the use of Open-space Learning (OSL) techniques as valuable tools for teaching cultural literacy. Cultural literacy and OSL are two different areas of study, but there is common ground between them, and cultural literacy can draw great benefit from the cross-pollination of ideas with OSL. The paper focuses on practice-based models used in OSL that have been adapted to teach cultural literacy. The aim of these practice-based models is to create an environment that teaches students how to transfer the analytical and critical skills that they learn as part of a literary and cultural studies (LCS) course to real-life scenarios. We argue that an important part of this learning environment is what we refer to as cognitive “destabilisation,” and discuss why OSL techniques are ideally suited to fostering such destabilisation in students.
Lossy Media: Queer Encounters with Infrastructure
Authors: Payne Robert
Published: December 2018

In an era of “frictionless” digital environments, this article proposes a queer analysis of the “lossy” materialities of mediated encounters. Building on recent scholarship on media failure and media infrastructures, it will argue that moments of disruption and deterioration commonly experienced by users reveal the failure of overlapping social and technical infrastructures to ensure lossless transmission of normative fantasies of subjectivity and mediated relationality. Highlighting the queer instability of material assemblages, it will pay close attention to how the articulation of bodies, objects, and spaces in particular scenes of lossy encounter generates unplanned affective intensities which may disorient and undo the consuming subject. Borrowing the concept of lossy file compression and adapting it for this purpose, the article’s broad aim is to offer a queer critical framework for inhabiting the contingent, emergent, and dissipating energies of media encounters beyond the capital-driven instrumentalisation of agency and the neoliberal imperatives of update culture.
Ovarian reserve in adolescent girls born prematurely
Authors: Elgina Svetlana , Artymuk Natalia , Nikulina Elena
Published: December 2018

Background

The objective was to estimate ovarian reserve in adolescent girls born prematurely.

Materials and methods

Two hundred adolescent girls aged 15–16 years who were born prematurely and full term were studied with laboratory, ultrasound and statistical methods.

Results

Statistically significant differences of the main parameters that characterize ovarian reserve in adolescent girls born prematurely compared to those born full term were specified. The levels of estradiol (p = 0.027), anti-Müllerian hormone (p = 0.0004) and inhibin В (p = 0.015) were lower in the girls born prematurely and follicle stimulating (p = 0.0001) and lutenizing (p = 0.002) hormone levels were higher. The ultrasound imaging (USI) findings of the uterus and appendages were also different. Adolescent girls born prematurely had longer uterus cervix, smaller sizes of endometrial echo, smaller ovarian sizes and fewer follicles in them.

Conclusions

Adolescent girls born prematurely have different parameters of ovarian reserve compared to those of girls born full term.
Numerical solution of a source identification problem: Almost coercivity
Authors: Ashyralyev Allaberen , Erdogan Abdullah Said , Sazaklioglu Ali Ugur
Published: December 2018

The present paper is devoted to the investigation of a source identification problem that describes the flow in capillaries in the case when an unknown pressure acts on the system. First and second order of accuracy difference schemes are presented for the numerical solution of this problem. Almost coercive stability estimates for these difference schemes are
established. Additionally, some numerical results are provided by testing the proposed methods on an example.
Status and trends in the use of insulin analogs, insulin delivery systems and their association with glycemic control: comparison of the two consecutive recent cohorts of Japanese children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yamamoto Yukiyo , Kikuchi Toru , Urakami Tatsuhiko , Goto Motohide , Tsubouchi Kohji , Sasaki Goro , Mizuno Haruo , Abe Yuki , Kitsuda Kazuteru , Amemiya Shin , Sugihara Shigetaka
Published: December 2018

Background

Treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has greatly changed by the general use of insulin analogs and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). To investigate whether these advances have been translated into continued improvement in glycemic control in Japanese children and adolescents, we analyzed the registration data of the two consecutive recent cohorts of Japanese childhood-onset T1DM patients.

Methods

The registration data including hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), hypoglycemia and insulin regimen were compared between the two cohorts (862 patients in the 2008 cohort and 1090 in the 2013 cohort).

Results

The proportion of subjects with multiple daily insulin injection therapy (MDI) and CSII significantly increased (p<0.0001) from 67.4% and 9.7% to 71.8% and 23.4%, respectively. In the 2013 cohort, almost all patients were treated with basal-bolus treatment using insulin analogs. The use of CSII increased in all age groups, especially in the age group 0–5 years. The rates of overall, moderate and severe hypoglycemia significantly declined from 10.24, 10.18 and 0.056 events/100 persons/period in the 2008 cohort to 0.66, 0.62 and 0.033 in the 2013 cohort (p<0.0001, <0.0001, 0.04), respectively. Contrarily, there were no significant changes in HbA1cvalues between the two cohorts.

Conclusions

The popularization of the basal-bolus treatment using insulin analogs hascontributed to a significant decrease in hypoglycemia. In contrast, the intensive insulin treatment may not be enough for the satisfactory improvement of glycemic control in Japanese children and adolescents with T1DM. Considerable points remain, such as diabetic education and support to motivate patients.
Digital Demodulator of the Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Signals
Authors: Chernoyarov Oleg , Glushkov Alexey , Litvinenko Vladimir , Litvinenko Yuliya , Matveev Boris
Published: December 2018

In this paper, the digital algorithm and the device for the demodulation of the quadrature amplitude modulation signals are considered. The fundamental advantages of our approach are simple hardware implementation, minimal number of arithmetic operations required over the signal period as well as the potential interference immunity in the presence of Gaussian noise. The expressions have been found for the error probability and their inaccuracy has been estimated. By means of the statistical simulation methods, the practical interference immunity of the introduced demodulator, together with the influence of phase locking errors have been tested. The introduced demodulator can be implemented either as a device independent from the programmable logic devices, or as an installation unit of the receiver equipment.
Crystal structure of N′-((1E,2E)-4-(7-methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-8-yl)-2-methylbut-2-en-1-ylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide, C22H22O5N2S
Authors: Yu Xiang , Qin Yan , Yan Jing , Chen Ya-Fang
Published: December 2018

C22H22O5N2S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.1080(2) Å, b = 14.4763(4) Å, c = 18.2819(5) Å, β = 95.270(3)°, V = 2136.75(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0488, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1220, T = 291 K.
Analysis of the Imaging Characteristics of the KB and KBA X-ray Microscopes at Non-coaxial Grazing Incidence
Authors: Lingling Zhao , Knepper Jon
Published: December 2018

In the last 20 years, requirements for x-ray lithography, space technology and ICF process diagnosis, the x-ray imaging technology has been developed. However, x-ray imaging turns out to be more difficult due to intense absorption of x-rays, and the refractive index of x band is slightly less than 1. Normal imaging method may not be suitable for x-ray band. At present, grazing reflective imaging and coded aperture imaging are commonly used for this band. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the imaging characteristics of single-mirror and double-mirror. Then the focal distance, field obliquity and aperture position of the mirrors of the KBA microscopes at grazing incidence are studied. The results show that the structure arrangement of the KBA microscope is rather reasonable, and can be considered as theoretical evidence in the design and manufacture of KBA microscopes.
Different Expression and Localization of Phosphoinositide Specific Phospholipases C in Human Osteoblasts, Osteosarcoma Cell Lines, Ewing Sarcoma and Synovial Sarcoma
Authors: Lo Vasco Vincenza Rita , Leopizzi Martina , Scotto d’Abusco Anna , Rocca Carlo Della
Published: December 2018

Background: Bone hardness and strength depends on mineralization, which involves a complex process in which calcium phosphate, produced by bone-forming cells, was shed around the fibrous matrix. This process is strictly regulated, and a number of signal transduction systems were interested in calcium metabolism, such as the phosphoinositide (PI) pathway and related phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes. Objectives: Our aim was to search for common patterns of expression in osteoblasts, as well as in ES and SS. Methods: We analysed the PLC enzymes in human osteoblasts and osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and SaOS-2. We compared the obtained results to the expression of PLCs in samples of patients affected with Ewing sarcoma (ES) and synovial sarcoma (SS). Results: In osteoblasts, MG-63 cells and SaOS-2 significant differences were identified in the expression of PLC δ4 and PLC η subfamily isoforms. Differences were also identified regarding the expression of PLCs in ES and SS. Most ES and SS did not express PLCB1, which was expressed in most osteoblasts, MG-63 and SaOS-2 cells. Conversely, PLCB2, unexpressed in the cell lines, was expressed in some ES and SS. However, PLCH1 was expressed in SaOS-2 and inconstantly expressed in osteoblasts, while it was expressed in ES and unexpressed in SS. The most relevant difference observed in ES compared to SS regarded PLC ε and PLC η isoforms. Conclusion: MG-63 and SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cell lines might represent an inappropriate experimental model for studies about the analysis of signal transduction in osteoblasts
Effects of Different Doses of Metformin on Serum Fatty Acid Composition in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Aghaalikhani Nazi , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Latifi Zeinab , Farimani Azam Rezaei , Fattahi Amir
Published: December 2018

Background: Several studies have shown association of fatty acids with type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as metformin effects on blood glucose concentrations through affecting lipid metabolism. Objectives: Since the exact therapeutic mechanism of metformin is not clear, in this study we investigated effects of different doses of metformin on serum fatty acids in rats with T2D. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five adult albino male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: Healthy, untreated T2D, and T2D rats receiving metformin for 4 weeks with doses of 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg/d. Serum insulin and triglyceride (TG) were measured using commercial kits. Serum total lipids were extracted by the Bligh-Dyer method and then compositions of fatty acids were evaluated using gas chromatograph. Results: Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels in T2D rats were lower than those in healthy rats (P < 0.05). We also observed that diabetic rats treated with 100 or 150 mg/kg/d of metformin had higher levels of arachidonic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in comparison with the healthy group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the T2D+Met (150 mg/kg) group showed increased levels of MUFA compared with the T2D group. Such a difference was seen in levels of arachidonic acid between the T2D+Met 100 mg/ kg group and untreated T2D group. In the group treated with high doses of metformin (200 mg/kg/d), levels of palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were higher and levels of oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, MUFA, PUFA, and also SFA/UFA ratio were lower compared with other metformin treated and untreated groups (P < .05). In untreated T2D group, there were positive correlations between glucose levels and linoleic acid and PUFA levels (r = 0.707, P = .049 and r = 0.726, P = .041 respectively). Arachidonic acid levels were positively correlated with glucose levels in T2D rats treated with 100 mg/kg/d of metformin (r = 0.969, P = .031). Conclusions: Our study showed that different doses of metformin could have different effects on serum levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, as 200 mg/kg/d of metformin could increase and decrease saturated and unsaturated fatty acids respectively, while lower doses increased unsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid.
The Assessment of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Serum Level in Asthmatic Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sharanjani Mohammad Rasoul , Nadi Ebrahim , Vasheghani Maryam , Jafari Mohammad , Poorolajal Jalal
Published: December 2018

Background: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is increasing due to changes in lifestyle and dietary habits. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D between patients with bronchial asthma and the healthy control group. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, 45 patients with asthma and 45 healthy subjects were enrolled and the level of serum 25 (OH) vitamin D was measured in both groups. In addition, a welltrained observer assessed airway reversibility, peak flowmetry and spirometry in the participants. The data were statistically analyzed using t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and chi-square test with Stata software (version 11). Results: The mean age (±SD) of participants were 49.06 ±16.43 and 46.13 ±16.10 years in case and control groups, respectively (P=.394). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high in both groups (69% in case and 65.5% in control groups). The mean (±SD) serum 25 (OH) vitamin D was 16.24 (±14.98) ng/ml in case group and 17.70 (±16.07) ng/mL in control group (P=.657). We found a positive correlation between the levels of vitamin D and the amount of FEV1 (r=0.2). Conclusions: According to the present study, the mean serum levels of vitamin D differences were not statistically significant between asthmatic patients and control group. However, the results of this study showed a positive relationship between forced expiratory volumes in first second (FEV1) and vitamin D levels