bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating therapeutic potential of NR2E3 doses in the rd7 mouse model of retinal degeneration
Authors: McNamee Shannon M. , Akula Monica , Love Zoe , Nasraty Neelaab , Nystuen Kaden , Singh Pushpendra , Upadhyay Arun K. , DeAngelis Margaret M. , Haider Neena B.
Published: July 2024

Retinitis Pigmentosa is a leading cause of severe vision loss. Retinitis Pigmentosa can present with a broad range of phenotypes impacted by disease age of onset, severity, and progression. This variation is influenced both by different gene mutations as well as unique variants within the same gene. Mutations in the nuclear hormone receptor 2 family e, member 3 are associated with several forms of retinal degeneration, including Retinitis Pigmentosa. In our previous studies we demonstrated that subretinal administration of one Nr2e3 dose attenuated retinal degeneration in rd7 mice for at least 3 months. Here we expand the studies to evaluate the efficacy and longitudinal impact of the NR2E3 therapeutic by examining three different doses administered at early or intermediate stages of retinal degeneration in the rd7 mice. Our study revealed retinal morphology was significantly improved 6 months post for all doses in the early-stage treatment groups and for the low and mid doses in the intermediate stage treatment groups. Similarly, photoreceptor function was significantly improved in the early stage for all doses and intermediate stage low and mid dose groups 6 months post treatment. This study demonstrated efficacy in multiple doses of NR2E3 therapy.
Improved modified estimator for estimation of median using auxiliary information under simple random sampling
Authors: Ahmad Sohaib , Masood Saadia , Alomair Abdullah Mohammed , Alomair Mohammed Ahmed
Published: July 2024

This article aims to suggest an improved estimator for estimation of population median using auxiliary information under simple random sampling. The expression for the bias and mean square error are obtained up to first order approximation. We determine the MLE of the optimal values of the describing scalars. The proficiency of the suggested estimator is evaluated in comparison to the preliminary estimators using the MSE threshold. The suggested estimators are compared numerically to the ones that are currently studied in this study. The performance and novelty of the estimators was evaluated using real data sets and a simulation study. To check the efficiency of estimators empirical and theoretical study has been studied. Based on numerical result it is to be noted that our suggested estimator is more efficient as compared to existing estimators which is considered in this article in terms of least MSE and greater PRE.
Innovative strategies for managing hallucinations by exploring effects of tDCS on source monitoring abilities
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Chitturi Vinay , Sharma Vivek Kumar , Kathrotia Rajesh , Barde Pradip , Parmar Naresh , Sharma Medhavi , Singh Ragini D.
Published: July 2024

This randomised, crossover, sham-controlled study explored the neural basis of source-monitoring, a crucial cognitive process implicated in schizophrenia. Left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were the key focus areas. Thirty participants without neurological or psychological disorders underwent offline sham and active tDCS sessions with specific electrode montage targeting the left STG and DLPFC. Source-monitoring tasks, reality monitoring (Hear-Imagine), internal source-monitoring (Say-Imagine), and external source monitoring (Virtual–Real) were administered. Paired t-test and estimation statistics was performed with Graphpad version 10.1.0. The Benjamini–Hochberg procedure was employed to control the false discovery rate in multiple hypothesis testing. A significant improvement in internal source monitoring tasks (p = 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.97) was observed, but reality monitoring tasks demonstrated moderate improvement (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.44). The study provides insights into the neural mechanisms of source monitoring in healthy individuals and proposes tDCS as a therapeutic intervention, laying the foundation for future studies to refine tDCS protocols and develop individualized approaches to address source monitoring deficits in schizophrenia.
Amount of ascites impacts survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization advocating for volumetric assessment
Authors: Müller Lukas , Bender Daniel , Gairing Simon J. , Foerster Friedrich , Weinmann Arndt , Mittler Jens , Stoehr Fabian , Halfmann Moritz C. , Mähringer-Kunz Aline , Galle Peter R. , Kloeckner Roman , Hahn Felix
Published: July 2024

Preliminary work has shown that portal hypertension plays a key role for the prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Specifically, the presence of ascites appears to be a strong negative predictor for these patients. However, it remains unclear whether different ascites volumes influence prognosis. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different ascites volumes on survival for patients with HCC undergoing TACE. A total of 327 treatment-naïve patients with HCC undergoing initial TACE at our tertiary care center between 2010 and 2020 were included. In patients with ascites, the fluid was segmented, and the volume quantified by slice-wise addition using contrast-enhanced CT imaging. Median overall survival (OS) was calculated and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis has been performed. Ascites was present in 102 (31.9%) patients. Ascites volume as continuous variable was significantly associated with an increased hazard ratio in univariate analysis (p < 0.001) and remained an independent predictor of impaired median OS in multivariate analysis (p < 0.001). Median OS without ascites was 17.1 months, and therefore significantly longer than in patients with ascites (6.4 months, p < 0.001). When subdivided into groups of low and high ascites volume in relation to the median ascites volume, patients with low ascites volume had a significantly longer median OS (8.6 vs 3.6 months, p < 0.001). Ascites in patients with HCC undergoing TACE is strongly associated with a poor prognosis. Our results show that not only the presence but also the amount of ascites is highly relevant. Therefore, true ascites volume as opportunistic quantitative biomarker is likely to impact clinical decision-making once automated solutions become available.
Digital finance reduces urban carbon footprint pressure in 277 Chinese cities
Authors: Dong Zheming , Yao Shujun
Published: July 2024

As global warming's impact on humanity surpasses initial predictions, numerous countries confront heightened risks associated with escalating urban carbon footprints. Concurrently, digital finance has flourished, propelled by advancements in digital technology. This convergence underscores the urgency of exploring digital finance's role in mitigating urban carbon footprint pressures. This study analyzes data spanning 277 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2020, yielding several key findings: Firstly, we developed a dataset detailing the carbon footprint pressures in these cities, revealing that variations in these pressures predominantly correlate with economic growth. Secondly, our analysis indicates that digital finance has a significant impact on reducing urban carbon footprint pressures, through mechanisms such as reducing the number of physical bank branches and enhancing residents' environmental awareness. Thirdly, the study identifies that the efficacy of digital finance in reducing carbon footprint pressures varies according to factors like sunshine duration and geographic location. The insights from this research aim to contribute substantively to strategies for sustainable urban development.
From efficiency to resilience: unraveling the dynamic coupling of land use economic efficiency and urban ecological resilience in Yellow River Basin
Authors: Yu Tonghui , Jia Shanshan , Cui Xufeng
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the Dynamic Coupling between Land Use Economic Efficiency (LUEE) and Urban Ecological Resilience (UER) in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). This exploration is pivotal for elucidating the interaction mechanisms between economic growth and ecological governance. Furthermore, understanding this relationship is essential for fostering high-quality, sustainable urban development in the YRB. Utilizing panel data from 56 cities spanning 2003 to 2020, this study employed the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model, spatial correlation analysis, Kernel density estimation, convergence model, and Geodetector to systematically analyze the spatio-temporal distribution, dynamic trend, and determinants of the CCD between LUEE and UER in the YRB. The findings indicate that: (1) A general upward trend in both LUEE and UER, accompanied by a steady improvement in their CCD. (2) Significant spatial disparities in their CCD, with higher levels in the lower reaches. (3) Marked positive spatial autocorrelation, predominantly characterized by clusters where high (low) values are surrounded by high (low) values. (4) Regarding the impact of individual factors, government fiscal budget expenditure demonstrates the most robust explanatory power for the CCD within the YRB. Concerning the effects of two-factor interactions, the interplay between industrial structure upgrading and government fiscal budget expenditure emerges as the most significant determinant in influencing the CCD between LUEE and UER. This study enhances our comprehensive understanding of the interplay between economic and ecological systems. It offers scientific insights and strategic direction for harmonizing ecological governance with urban economic growth at both the regional and global scales.
Study on the temporal and spatial distribution of Culex mosquitoes in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Krambrich Janina , Nguyen-Tien Thang , Pham-Thanh Long , Dang-Xuan Sinh , Andersson Ella , Höller Patrick , Vu Duoc Trong , Tran Son Hai , Vu Lieu Thi , Akaberi Dario , Ling Jiaxin , Pettersson John H.-O. , Hesson Jenny C. , Lindahl Johanna F. , Lundkvist Åke
Published: July 2024

Arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes, including Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), present a substantial global health threat. JEV is transmitted by mosquitoes in the genus Culex, which are common in both urban and rural areas in Vietnam. In 2020, we conducted a 1-year survey of Culex mosquito abundance in urban, suburban, and peri-urban areas of Hanoi using CDC-light traps. Mosquitoes were identified to species and sorted into pools based on species, sex, and trap location. The mosquito pools were also investigated by RT-qPCR for detection of JEV. In total, 4829 mosquitoes were collected over a total of 455 trap-nights, across 13 months. Collected mosquitoes included Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, and Mansonia species. Culex mosquitoes, primarily Cx. quinquefasciatus, predominated, especially in peri-urban areas. Most Culex mosquitoes were caught in the early months of the year. The distribution and abundance of mosquitoes exhibited variations across urban, suburban, and peri-urban sites, emphasizing the influence of environmental factors such as degree of urbanization, temperature and humidity on Culex abundance. No JEV was detected in the mosquito pools. This study establishes baseline knowledge of Culex abundance and temporal variation, which is crucial for understanding the potential for JEV transmission in Hanoi.
Effect of seawater salinity, pH, and temperature on external corrosion behavior and microhardness of offshore oil and gas pipeline: RSM modelling and optimization
Authors: Chohan Imran Mir , Ahmad Azlan , Sallih Nabihah , Bheel Naraindas , Salilew Waleligne Molla , Almaliki Abdulrazak H.
Published: July 2024

This research aims to investigate the effects of seawater parameters like salinity, pH, and temperature on the external corrosion behaviour and microhardness of offshore oil and gas carbon steel pipes. The immersion tests were performed for 28 days following ASTM G-1 standards, simulating controlled artificial marine environments with varying pH levels, salinities, and temperatures. Besides, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis is performed to study the corrosion morphology. Additionally, a Vickers microhardness tester was used for microhardness analysis. The results revealed that an increase in salinity from 33.18 to 61.10 ppt can reduce the corrosion rate by 28%. In contrast, variations in seawater pH have a significant effect on corrosion rate, with a pH decrease from 8.50 to 7 causing a 42.54% increase in corrosion rate. However, the temperature of seawater was found to be the most prominent parameter, resulting in a 76.13% increase in corrosion rate and a 10.99% reduction in the microhardness of offshore pipelines. Moreover, the response surface methodology (RSM) modelling is used to determine the optimal seawater parameters for carbon steel pipes. Furthermore, the desirability factor for these parameters was 0.999, and the experimental validation displays a good agreement with predicted model values, with around 4.65% error for corrosion rate and 1.36% error for microhardness.
Exploring dose–response variability and relative severity assessment in STZ-induced diabetes male NSG mice
Authors: Talbot Steven R. , Heider Miriam , Wirth Martin , Jörns Anne , Naujok Ortwin
Published: July 2024

NSG mice are among the most immunodeficient mouse model being used in various scientific branches. In diabetelogical research diabetic NSG mice are an important asset as a xenotransplantation model for human pancreatic islets or pluripotent stem cell-derived islets. The treatment with the beta cell toxin streptozotocin is the standard procedure for triggering a chemically induced diabetes. Surprisingly, little data has been published about the reproducibility, stress and animal suffering in these NSG mice during diabetes induction. The 3R rules, however, are a constant reminder that existing methods can be further refined to minimize suffering. In this pilot study the dose–response relationship of STZ in male NSG mice was investigated and additionally animal suffering was charted by applying the novel ‘Relative Severity Assessment’ algorithm. By this we successfully explored an STZ dose that reliably induced diabetes while reduced stress and pain to the animals to a minimum using evidence-based and objective parameters rather than criteria that might be influenced by human bias.
Insights into the genomic homogeneity of Moroccan indigenous sheep breeds though the lens of runs of homozygosity
Authors: Kusza Szilvia , Badaoui Bouabid , Wanjala George
Published: July 2024

Numerous studies have indicated that Morocco’s indigenous sheep breeds are genetically homogenous, posing a risk to their survival in the challenging harsh climate conditions where they predominantly inhabit. To understand the genetic behind genetic homogeneity through the lens of runs of homozygosity (ROH), we analyzed the whole genome sequences of five indigenous sheep breeds (Beni Guil, Ouled Djellal, D’man, Sardi, Timahdite and Admixed).The results from principal component, admixture, Fst, and neighbour joining tree analyses consistently showed a homogenous genetic structure. This structure was characterized by an average length of 1.83 Mb for runs of homozygosity (ROH) segments, with a limited number of long ROH segments (24–48 Mb and > 48 Mb). The most common ROH segments were those ranging from 1–6 Mb. The most significant regions of homozygosity (ROH Islands) were mostly observed in two chromosomes, namely Chr1 and Chr5. Specifically, ROH Islands were exclusively discovered in the Ouled Djellal breed on Chr1, whereas Chr5 exhibited ROH Islands in all breeds. The analysis of ROH Island and iHS technique was employed to detect signatures of selection on Chr1 and Chr5. The results indicate that Chr5 had a high level of homogeneity, with the same genes being discovered across all breeds. In contrast, Chr1 displays some genetic variances between breeds. Genes identified on Chr5 included SLC39A1, IL23A, CAST, IL5, IL13, and IL4 which are responsible for immune response while genes identified on Chr1 include SOD1, SLAMF9, RTP4, CLDN1, and PRKAA2. ROH segment profile and effective population sizes patterns suggests that the genetic uniformity of studied breeds is the outcome of events that transpired between 250 and 300 generations ago. This research not only contributes to the understanding of ROH distribution across breeds but helps design and implement native sheep breeding and conservation strategies in Morocco. Future research, incorporating a broader sample size and utilizing the pangenome for reference, is recommended to further elucidate these breeds’ genomic landscapes and adaptive mechanisms.
Preparation and characterization of innovative cement mortar incorporating fatty acid/expanded graphite composite phase change material for thermal energy storage
Authors: Zhou Dongyi , Xiao Shuaizhe , Liu Yicai
Published: July 2024

To explore the application of phase change energy storage materials in building energy conservation, in this study, an innovative composite thermal energy storage cement mortar (CTESCM) was developed using lauric acid–palmitic acid/expanded graphite (LA-PA/EG) as the composite phase change material (CPCM). Seven different CTESCM test blocks with different CPCM mass contents were prepared. The thermal characterization of the CTESCMs was achieved using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermal conductivity tests, and heat storage/release tests. The physical behavior was assessed using density, mechanical performance was assessed using compressive strength, and the microstructure was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the phase transition temperature of the CTESCMs was lower than that of the LA-PA/EG CPCM, and the latent heat consistently decreased with the decrease of the CPCM mass content. With the addition of the CPCM, which had a low-density porous structure, the thermal conductivity, density, and compressive strength of the CTESCMs decreased. CTESCM with a mass fraction of 20%C (20% cement) CPCM can be used for building energy conservation such as floor radiation heating systems.
Antibodies targeting the glycan cap of Ebola virus glycoprotein are potent inducers of the complement system
Authors: Ilinykh Philipp A. , Huang Kai , Gunn Bronwyn M. , Kuzmina Natalia A. , Kedarinath Kritika , Jurado-Cobena Eduardo , Zhou Fuchun , Subramani Chandru , Hyde Matthew A. , Velazquez Jalene V. , Williamson Lauren E. , Gilchuk Pavlo , Carnahan Robert H. , Alter Galit , Crowe James E. , Bukreyev Alexander
Published: July 2024

Antibodies to Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP) represent an important correlate of the vaccine efficiency and infection survival. Both neutralization and some of the Fc-mediated effects are known to contribute the protection conferred by antibodies of various epitope specificities. At the same time, the role of the complement system remains unclear. Here, we compare complement activation by two groups of representative monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) interacting with the glycan cap (GC) or the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of GP. Binding of GC-specific mAbs to GP induces complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in the GP-expressing cell line via C3 deposition on GP in contrast to MPER-specific mAbs. In the mouse model of EBOV infection, depletion of the complement system leads to an impairment of protection exerted by one of the GC-specific, but not MPER-specific mAbs. Our data suggest that activation of the complement system represents an important mechanism of antiviral protection by GC antibodies.
Selenoprotein W modulates tau homeostasis in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model
Authors: Ren Bingyu , Situ Jiaxin , Huang Xuelian , Tan Qiulong , Xiao Shifeng , Li Nan , Tian Jing , Du Xiubo , Ni Jiazuan , Liu Qiong
Published: July 2024

Lower selenium levels are observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains, while supplementation shows multiple benefits. Selenoprotein W (SELENOW) is sensitive to selenium changes and binds to tau, reducing tau accumulation. However, whether restoration of SELENOW has any protective effect in AD models and its underlying mechanism remain unknown. Here, we confirm the association between SELENOW downregulation and tau pathology, revealing SELENOW’s role in promoting tau degradation through the ubiquitin‒proteasome system. SELENOW competes with Hsp70 to interact with tau, promoting its ubiquitination and inhibiting tau acetylation at K281. SELENOW deficiency leads to synaptic defects, tau dysregulation and impaired long-term potentiation, resulting in memory deficits in mice. Conversely, SELENOW overexpression in the triple transgenic AD mice ameliorates memory impairment and tau-related pathologies, featuring decreased 4-repeat tau isoform, phosphorylation at Ser396 and Ser404, neurofibrillary tangles and neuroinflammation. Thus, SELENOW contributes to the regulation of tau homeostasis and synaptic maintenance, implicating its potential role in AD.
Quantized polarization and Majorana fermions beyond tenfold classification
Authors: Han Sang-Hoon , Kang Myungjun , Park Moon Jip , Cheon Sangmo
Published: July 2024

Exploration of topology is central in condensed matter physics and applications to fault-tolerant quantum information. The bulk-boundary correspondence and tenfold classification determine the topological state compared to a vacuum. Contrary to this belief, we demonstrate that topological zero-energy domain-wall states can emerge for all forbidden 1D classes of the tenfold classification table. The guiding principle is that the difference in the topological quantities of two trivial domains can be quantized, and hence, a topologically protected state can emerge at the domain wall. Such nontrivial domain-wall states are demonstrated using generalized Su-Schrieffeer-Heeger and generalized Kitaev models, which manifest quantized polarization and Majorana fermions, respectively. The quantized Berry phase difference between the domains protects the non-trivial nature of the domain-wall states, extending the bulk-boundary correspondence, also confirmed by the tight-binding and Jackiw-Rebbi methods. Furthermore, we show that the seemingly trivial electronic and superconducting models can be transformed into their topological counterparts in the framework of the topological Fermi-liquid theory. Finally, we propose potential systems where our results may be realized, spanning from electronic and superconducting to optical systems.
Mass spectrometry imaging for spatially resolved multi-omics molecular mapping
Authors: Zhang Hua , Lu Kelly H. , Ebbini Malik , Huang Penghsuan , Lu Haiyan , Li Lingjun
Published: July 2024

The recent upswing in the integration of spatial multi-omics for conducting multidimensional information measurements is opening a new chapter in biological research. Mapping the landscape of various biomolecules including metabolites, proteins, nucleic acids, etc., and even deciphering their functional interactions and pathways is believed to provide a more holistic and nuanced exploration of the molecular intricacies within living systems. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) stands as a forefront technique for spatially mapping the metabolome, lipidome, and proteome within diverse tissue and cell samples. In this review, we offer a systematic survey delineating different MSI techniques for spatially resolved multi-omics analysis, elucidating their principles, capabilities, and limitations. Particularly, we focus on the advancements in methodologies aimed at augmenting the molecular sensitivity and specificity of MSI; and depict the burgeoning integration of MSI-based spatial metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics, encompassing the synergy with other imaging modalities. Furthermore, we offer speculative insights into the potential trajectory of MSI technology in the future.
Palm vein imaging using a polarization-selective metalens with wide field-of-view and extended depth-of-field
Authors: Kuang Ying , Wang Shuai , Mo Bincheng , Sun Shiyou , Xia Kai , Yang Yuanmu
Published: July 2024

Metalens is a flat, lightweight optical element that may replace traditional bulky refractive lenses and other components in imaging systems. However, a number of critical challenges still remain for most metalenses demonstrated to date, including limited field-of-view (FOV), depth-of-field (DOF), and working bandwidth, which restrict their use in a real-world application. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a compact imaging system equipped with a metalens that simultaneously features a wide FOV of 140° and an extended DOF ranging from 33 to 150 mm. The metalens further allows polarization selectivity, which can be used to remove unwanted surface reflection of the target scene. Using a narrowband vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser for illumination, we show that the system is well-suited for near-infrared palm vein imaging, an emerging modality for biometric identification. The metalens-integrated imaging system provides uncompromised performance with a greatly simplified form factor compared to a traditional system, which may also be adopted for other applications such as depth sensing and endoscopy.
Advanced optical polarizers based on 2D materials
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Wu Jiayang , Jia Linnan , Jin Di , Jia Baohua , Hu Xiaoyong , Moss David , Gong Qihuang
Published: July 2024

Optical polarizers are essential components for the selection and manipulation of light polarization states in optical systems. Over the past decade, the rapid advancement of photonic technologies and devices has led to the development of a range of novel optical polarizers, opening avenues for many breakthroughs and expanding applications across diverse fields. Particularly, two-dimensional (2D) materials, known for their atomic thin film structures and unique optical properties, have become attractive for implementing optical polarizers with high performance and new features that were not achievable before. This paper reviews recent progress in 2D-material-based optical polarizers. First, an overview of key properties of various 2D materials for realizing optical polarizers is provided. Next, the state-of-the-art optical polarizers based on 2D materials, which are categorized into spatial-light devices, fiber devices, and integrated waveguide devices, are reviewed and compared. Finally, we discuss the current challenges of this field as well as the exciting opportunities for future technological advances.
Photothermal synergy mechanism in near-infrared photopolymerization for 3D printing acceleration and mechanical enhancement
Authors: Wu Wei , Xu Hang , Miao Jia-Tao , Zou Xiucheng , Liu Ren
Published: July 2024

A photothermal synergy mechanism for recycling unavailable heat to improve light energy utilization and reduce the cured threshold during NIR photopolymerization to improve 3D printing efficiency based on UCAP.
Identification of small molecules that are synthetically lethal upon knockout of the RNA ligase Rlig1 in human cells
Authors: Stumpf Florian M. , Müller Silke , Marx Andreas
Published: July 2024

Six unique compounds were found to be synthetically lethal in combination with Rlig1-KO in HEK293 cells. In addition, several naphthoquinones, which are similar to menadione, were evaluated in this context.
Anion driven tetrel bonding dictated supramolecular architectures of lead(ii) with a zwitterionic form of polydentate N′-(piperidine-1-carbonothioyl)picolinohydrazonamide
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Garcia-Santos Isabel , Castiñeiras Alfonso , Fernández-Vazquez Roi , Servati Gargari Masoumeh , Gomila Rosa M. , Frontera Antonio , Safin Damir A.
Published: July 2024

In this manuscript, we report how anion-driven tetrel bonding dictates the supramolecular architectures of lead(ii) complexes.
Photo-controllable microcleaner: photo-induced crawling motion and particle transport of azobenzene crystals on a liquid-like surface
Authors: Saikawa Makoto , Ohnuma Mio , Manabe Kengo , Saito Koichiro , Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Norikane Yasuo
Published: July 2024

Photoresponsive crystals exhibit rapid crawling motion with a droplet-like shape on a liquid-like surface when simultaneously exposed to UV and visible light. These crystals perform multiple tasks of capture–carry–release of microparticles.
Interaction- and phonon-induced topological phase transitions in double helical liquids
Authors: Hsu Chen-Hsuan
Published: July 2024

Intrachannel interaction Uee promotes nonlocal Cooper pairs, leading to formation of topological zero modes, whereas phonons and interchannel interaction Vee enhance local pairing and suppress nonlocal one, inducing topological phase transitions.
One-pot preparation of pyrazole “turn on” and “turn off” fluorescent sensors for Zn2+ and Cd2+ directly from chalcones via in situ aromatisation
Authors: Ciupa Alexander
Published: July 2024

A direct chalcone to pyrazole synthetic route to “turn on” and “turn off” fluorescent sensors for Cd2+ and Zn2+ was developed using CuCl2 as an in situ oxidant.
Probing geometry-induced magnetic defects in cylindrical modulated nanowires with optically detected spin resonance in nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
Authors: Celano Umberto , Rickhaus Peter , Bran Cristina , Marqués-Marchán Jorge , Borràs Vicent J. , Korytov Maxim , Asenjo Agustina , Vazquez Manuel
Published: July 2024

We report on magnetic imaging capability with non-perturbative field distribution mapping and minimally invasive magnetic sensing using scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry in axial magnetized nanowires.
Effects of interlayer space engineering and surface modification on the charge storage mechanisms of MXene nanomaterials: A review on recent developments
Authors: Bandpey Mohammad , Barz Dominik P. J.
Published: July 2024

Two-dimensional MXenes were discovered in 2011 and, because of their outstanding properties, have attracted significant attention as electrode materials for supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, and hybrid energy storage devices.
The synthesis and supercapacitor application of flexible free-standing Ti3C2Tx, Mo2TiC2Tx, and V4C3Tx MXene films
Authors: Bin Xiaoqing , Sheng Minhao , Kong Binshan , Luo Yijia , Xiao Jing , Que Wenxiu
Published: July 2024

MXenes represent a fascinating category of two-dimensional materials made up of transition metal carbides and nitrides, the three types (Ti3C2Tx, Mo2TiC2Tx, and V4C3Tx) of flexible free-standing MXene films were prepared successfully.
A molecular dynamics study on the ion-mediated self-assembly of monolayer-protected nanoclusters
Authors: Tiwari Vikas , Bhattacharyya Anushna , Karmakar Tarak
Published: July 2024

We studied the effects of metal and molecular cations on the aggregation of atomically precise monolayer-protected nanoclusters (MPCs) in an explicit solvent using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
Reversible “on–off” conversion and ultra-high temperature sensitivity of a zero-dimensional lead-free Cs2InBr5(H2O):Sb3+ perovskite
Authors: Yang Maohao , Ge Wanyin , Matsumoto Kenshi , Saruyama Masaki , Sato Ryota , Takekuma Haruka , Takahata Ryo , Teranishi Toshiharu
Published: July 2024

We observed that the water molecule in the Cs2InBr5(H2O):Sb3+ molecular structure acts as a switch, facilitating an “on–off–on” cycle that can be repeated multiple times, overcoming the limitations of materials that exhibit singular responses.
Acyl radicals generated from aldehydes with NHPI as electrocatalyst: aldehydes and alcohols as carbon-centered radical precursors
Authors: Enríquez Rodrigo G. , Dato-Santiago Juan S. , del Río-Rodríguez Roberto , Alemán José , Fernández-Salas Jose A.
Published: July 2024

We describe how N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) promotes hydrogen atom transfer from aldehydes under electrochemical conditions. NHPI plays a multifunctional role, enabling the consideration of aldehydes or alcohols as sp3-carbon centered radicals.
Development of a direct PMMA-PCB bonding method for low cost and rapid prototyping of microfluidic-based gas analysers
Authors: Emadzadeh Katayoun , Ghafarinia Vahid
Published: July 2024

A direct bonding method using patterned copper and solvent has been investigated for PCB-PMMA bonding. A PCB based sensor integration method is presented that enables rapid prototyping of lab-on-PCB devices for gas analysis.
GC-MS analysis, phytochemical composition of Hertia cheirifolia L. essential oil with pharmacological assessments: antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities
Authors: Benabderrahmane Wassila , Fadel Hamza , Sekhara Ines , Mennai Imad , Kadi Imed Eddine , Helal Mahmoud , Sami Rokayya , Abo-Dief Hala M. , Bedaiwi Ruqaiah I. , Alanazi Mohammad A. , Al-Harthi Helal F. , Kadi Roqayah H. , Abushal Suzan A. , Albishi Tasahil S. , Qumsani Alaa T. , Qari Sameer H.
Published: July 2024

The genus Hertia, which belongs to the Asteraceae family, is a flowering genus with 12 species found in Africa, North and South.
A sequential liquid dispensing method in a centrifugal microfluidic device operating at a constant rotational speed for the multiplexed genetic detection of foodborne pathogens
Authors: Natsuhara Daigo , Kiba Yuka , Saito Ryogo , Okamoto Shunya , Nagai Moeto , Yamauchi Yusuke , Kitamura Masashi , Shibata Takayuki
Published: July 2024

We propose a sequential liquid dispensing method in a centrifugal microfluidic device for the multiplexed genetic detection.
An up-to-date review on the progress and challenges of hydrogen storage, and its safety and economic analysis
Authors: Sattar M. A. , Rasul M. G. , Jahirul M. I. , Hasan M. M.
Published: July 2024

The demand for hydrogen is increasing every year and is expected to increase in the future which necessitates the establishment of safe storage of hydrogen for the end user.
Time evolution of the inner structure of antimony phosphate nanosheet suspension developing structural colouration
Authors: Mouri Emiko , Fukumoto Takashi , Kato Riki , Miyamoto Nobuyoshi , Nakato Teruyuki
Published: July 2024

Structural colouration observed in antimony phosphate nanosheet suspensions has been known for two decades, but the stability of their inner structure has not been a topic in colloidal nanosheet systems.
Synthesis of TiO2 nanotube arrays on 3D-printed structures for application as Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalysts
Authors: Caballero Luis C. , Brindle Joseph S. , Ramey Nathan P. , Sufyan Sayed Abu , Mohanty Swomitra K. , Nigra Michael M.
Published: July 2024

3D-printed FeCo/TiO2 nanotube catalysts are used for the first time in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and demonstrate considerable catalytic activity.
Polymer-based films for all-in-one piezo-driven self-charging power systems
Authors: Shu Kewei , Li Wenjuan , Wu Qijie , Zong Yan , Zhao Chen , Zhang Yi , Wang Caiyun
Published: July 2024

This review highlights the materials selection and self-charging performance of polymer based piezoelectric components in all-in-one self-charging power systems.
Macroscale and durable near-zero wear performance on steel surfaces achieved by natural ternary deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Gao Qiulong , Liu Shuwen , Huang Yan , Hou Kaiming , Li Zhangpeng , Wang Jinqing , Yang Shengrong
Published: July 2024

Macroscale and durable near-zero wear performance of ternary deep eutectic solvent-based lubricants was elaborated by systematic experimental analysis and molecular dynamics simulation.
Materials derived from the human elastin-like polypeptide fusion with an antimicrobial peptide strongly promote cell adhesion
Authors: Colomina-Alfaro Laura , Sist Paola , D’Andrea Paola , Urbani Ranieri , Marchesan Silvia , Stamboulis Artemis , Bandiera Antonella
Published: July 2024

An elastin-like fusion of the difficult-to-synthesise human β-defensin 1 domain was produced retaining the antimicrobial properties of the peptide. The new biopolymer was used to produce coatings and hydrogel-like matrices that promoted cell adhesion.
Broad-spectrum degradation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics by Hemin-His-Fe nanozymes with peroxidase-like activity
Authors: Geng Xin , Song Kexu , Hu Qingying , Yin Yue , Li Haisong , Yan Xiyun , Jiang Bing
Published: July 2024

A novel biomimetic peroxidase nanozymes named Hemin-His-Fe (HHF)-peroxidase nanozyme was synthesized for the broad-spectrum degradation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
Light-responsive functional nanomaterials as pioneering therapeutics: a paradigm shift to combat age-related disorders
Authors: Singh Shubham Kumar , Parihar Shivay , Jain Sanskar , Ho Ja-An Annie , Vankayala Raviraj
Published: July 2024

Aging leads to diseases marked by plaque formation, increased senescent cells, and compromised body organ systems. Light-responsive nanomaterials offer a promising therapeutic approach to address the various aspects of age-related pathologies.
Tailoring structural rigidity utilizing a lock/unlock donor strategy for highly efficient solution processed blue and green HLCT OLEDs
Authors: Alam Md Intekhab , Nagar Mangey Ram , Barman Debika , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan , Jou Jwo-Huei , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar
Published: July 2024

Highly efficient solution-processed HLCT OLEDs based on aromatic carbonyls have rarely been reported. Based on a twisted acceptor core, we developed and synthesized two highly efficient unsymmetrical keto-carbonitrile HLCT emitters for OLEDs.
An asymmetric thiazolo-thiazole derivative as a solvatochromic, reversible and self-color recovery acid–base molecular switch
Authors: Shah Sanchita , Naithani Neeraj , Sahoo Subash Chandra , Neelakandan Prakash P. , Tyagi Nidhi
Published: July 2024

A polyvinyl alcohol embedded thin film of a fluorescent probe (1) as a cost-effective electronic prototype for acid vapour leaks over multiple cycles.
Recent advances and perspectives on iron-based photocatalysts
Authors: Arif Nayab , Zafar Muhammad Nadeem , Batool Maria , Humayun Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Ahsan , Younis Muhammad , Li Luyan , Li Kui , Zeng Yu-Jia
Published: July 2024

Iron based nanomaterials/complexes/alloys/MOFs have been discussed for CO2 reduction, N2 fixation, pollutants degradation and OER/HER via type II, Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions.
Organoboron-embedded functional materials: recent developments in photovoltaic and luminescence properties
Authors: Liu Chang , Yin Lunxiang , Li Yanqin
Published: July 2024

This review provides the latest application of organoboron materials based on five B–N building blocks (PPAB, BODIPY, BNTT, BNIDT and BNBP) and one B–O structure (BF2bdks) in the field of organic photovoltaics and luminescence.
Surface chemistry in atomic layer deposition of AlN thin films from Al(CH3)3 and NH3 studied by mass spectrometry
Authors: Mpofu Pamburayi , Hafdi Houyem , Niiranen Pentti , Lauridsen Jonas , Alm Oscar , Larsson Tommy , Pedersen Henrik
Published: July 2024

Mass spectrometry shows that the surface chemistry in ALD of AlN is dominated by reductive elimination and ligand exchange.
Low-temperature sintering of Cu@Ag microparticles in air for recyclable printed electronics
Authors: van Impelen David , González-García Lola , Kraus Tobias
Published: July 2024

An optimal temperature for printed conductors based on silver-coated copper microparticles is 160–250 °C, leading to silver sinter necks that enhance the conductivity. Treatments are done in air and the particles can be recycled from the prints.
Ratiometric strategy assisted electrochemical detection of 4-nitrophenol in water samples using nanostructured CuO
Authors: Prakasam Sampathkumar , Latha Chellamuthu Dilip Kumar , Krishnan Giribabu , Chinnathambi Suresh
Published: July 2024

A ratiometric relationship between Cu redox centers (Cu1+ to Cu2+) and 4-NP reduction was systematically monitored on CuO/GCE. The selectivity and reliability of the sensing matrix in real sample conditions assure practical applications.
In situ monitoring drying process to disclose the correlation between the molecular weights of a polymer acceptor with a flexible spacer and the performance of all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Xiang Jiale , Englund Sven , Genene Zewdneh , Wen Guanzhao , Liu Yanfeng , Yao Nannan , Zhang Rui , Qin Leiqiang , Wang Lei , Wang Ergang , Zhang Wei , Zhang Fengling
Published: July 2024

All-PSCs with different Mn PYTS were examined. The morphology evolution was in situ monitored, revealing that extended drying time for high Mn PYTS leads to a more tightly packed structure, beneficial for more efficient charge transport and PCE.
Enhancing the thermal stability of the NIR emitting A2InCl5·H2O:Cr3+ phosphor based on A site regulation
Authors: Yu Lingkang , Wang Yining , Xing Xiaole , Xu Zheng , Shang Mengmeng
Published: July 2024

Cr3+ produces broadband emission in the MHP-type Cs2InCl5·H2O compound, and the introduction of Rb/K enhances the emission intensity and thermal stability.
CaY2ZrScAl3O12:Cr3+—an efficient and thermally stable garnet phosphor for high-performance NIR LEDs
Authors: Zheng Tianxiang , Ding Yun , Han Yihang , Luo Min , Chu Zhihan , Fan Zihao , Cao Hanyu , Duan Fuyun , Xiao Yu
Published: July 2024

The optimized CYZS:0.08Cr3+ phosphor, peaking around ∼780 nm, exhibited remarkable QE values, with IQE and EQE reaching 78% and 32% respectively.
Synergistic enhancement of triethylamine sensing performances via oxygen vacancy-rich Co-doped MnO2@MnCo2O4.5 nanorods/nanosheets
Authors: Hu Xiaobing , Chen Hao , Zhang Kaibin , Tian Dongxia , Cao Yi , Zhu Zhigang
Published: July 2024

Developing a simple and efficient synthetic method to generate abundant oxygen vacancies in manganese-based oxides, leading to effective enhancement of gas-sensing properties.
Distinct functional and molecular profiles between physiological and pathological atrial enlargement offer potential new therapeutic opportunities for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Chen Yi Ching , Wijekoon Seka , Matsumoto Aya , Luo Jieting , Kiriazis Helen , Masterman Emma , Yildiz Gunes , Cross Jonathon , Parslow Adam C. , Chooi Roger , Sadoshima Junichi , Greening David W. , Weeks Kate L. , McMullen Julie R.
Published: July 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains challenging to prevent and treat. A key feature of AF is atrial enlargement. However, not all atrial enlargement progresses to AF. Atrial enlargement in response to physiological stimuli such as exercise is typically benign and reversible. Understanding the differences in atrial function and molecular profile underpinning pathological and physiological atrial remodelling will be critical for identifying new strategies for AF. The discovery of molecular mechanisms responsible for pathological and physiological ventricular hypertrophy has uncovered new drug targets for heart failure. Studies in the atria have been limited in comparison. Here, we characterised mouse atria from (1) a pathological model (cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic (Tg) that develops dilated cardiomyopathy [DCM] and AF due to reduced protective signalling [PI3K]; DCM-dnPI3K), and (2) a physiological model (cardiomyocyte-specific Tg with an enlarged heart due to increased insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; IGF1R). Both models presented with an increase in atrial mass, but displayed distinct functional, cellular, histological and molecular phenotypes. Atrial enlargement in the DCM-dnPI3K Tg, but not IGF1R Tg, was associated with atrial dysfunction, fibrosis and a heart failure gene expression pattern. Atrial proteomics identified protein networks related to cardiac contractility, sarcomere assembly, metabolism, mitochondria, and extracellular matrix which were differentially regulated in the models; many co-identified in atrial proteomics data sets from human AF. In summary, physiological and pathological atrial enlargement are associated with distinct features, and the proteomic dataset provides a resource to study potential new regulators of atrial biology and function, drug targets and biomarkers for AF.
Internal and external disturbances aware motion planning and control for quadrotors
Authors: Zhou Xiaobin , Wang Miao , Cui Can , Wang Yongchao , Xu Chao , Gao Fei
Published: July 2024

Resilient motion planning and control, without prior knowledge of disturbances, are crucial to ensure the safe and robust flight of quadrotors. The development of a motion planning and control architecture for quadrotors, considering both internal and external disturbances (i.e., motor damages and suspended payloads), is addressed. Firstly, the authors introduce the use of exponential functions to formulate trajectory planning. This choice is driven by its ability to predict thrust responses with minimal computational overhead. Additionally, a reachability analysis is incorporated for error dynamics resulting from multiple disturbances. This analysis sits at the interface between the planner and controller, contributing to the generation of more robust and safe spatial–temporal trajectories. Lastly, the authors employ a cascade controller, with the assistance of internal and external loop observers, to further enhance resilience and compensate the disturbances. The authors’ benchmark experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing flight safety, particularly when confronted with motor damages and payload disturbances.
Unreliability tracing of power systems with reservoir hydropower based on a temporal recursive model
Authors: Bai Yunjie , Xie Kaigui , Shao Changzheng , Hu Bo
Published: July 2024

Power system unreliability tracing model allocates the system's reliability index to individual components, identifying potential weaknesses. This study expands its scope by considering the impact of storage resources. Unreliable factors leading to load shedding are categorized into two groups: objective factors inherent to the component and insufficient storage resources. The latter requires a retrospective analysis of other components that caused unreliability previously. When allocating responsibility for load shedding at a certain time, it begins by allocating it among components based on differences between fixed expected output and actual supply. Expected output insufficiency is considered as the unreliable factor. This insufficiency due to insufficient storage resources is then decomposed into segments, each caused by excessive output in earlier instances of the same component. The expected output excess is attributed to the expected output insufficiency of other components in previous times, for which responsibility has been allocated to each component. Consequently, the expected output insufficiency at a particular time can be traced back based on a temporal recursive model, with the load shedding further allocated to components before that time. Case studies based on several systems demonstrate that the proposed model's allocation results are reasonable and more accurate than the traditional model.
Experimental analysis of reducing outage probability using deep interleaving for long‐distance free space optical systems
Authors: Chang Yunfan , Cai Shanyong , Wang Liqian , Zhang Haojie , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: July 2024

Free space optical communication (FSO) has become a popular research direction due to its high bandwidth, easy deployment, and inherent security. Its channel state is unstable because of atmospheric environment, especially in long‐distance ground transmission system. Interleaving combined with forward error correction coding (FEC) have been utilised to improve the stability of system. However, there is little detailed experimental results of deep interleaving combined with FEC under different atmospheric turbulence intensity over long‐distance FSO system. A deep interleaving with FEC method was designed and implemented on a 7 km long online experiment. The performance of different depth interleaving is analysed under weak and strong atmospheric turbulence state. The experiment results show that deep interleaving performs better under weak turbulence for the larger correlation factor of the channel and the outage probability of the system with deep interleaving can be greatly reduced.