bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Fortunato Marco , Chandraiahgari Chandrakanth Reddy , De Bellis Giovanni , Ballirano Paolo , Sarto Francesca , Tamburrano Alessio , Sarto Maria Sabrina
Published: September 2018

Novel polymer-based piezoelectric nanocomposites with enhanced electromechanical properties open new opportunities for the development of wearable energy harvesters and sensors. This paper investigates how the dissolution of different types of hexahydrate metal salts affects β-phase content and piezoelectric response (d33) at nano- and macroscales of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films. The strongest enhancement of the piezoresponse is observed in PVDF nanocomposites processed with Mg(NO3)2⋅6H2O. The increased piezoresponse is attributed to the synergistic effect of the dipole moment associated with the nucleation of the electroactive phase and with the electrostatic interaction between the CF2 group of PVDF and the dissolved salt through hydrogen bonding. The combination of nanofillers like graphene nanoplatelets or zinc oxide nanorods with the hexahydrate salt dissolution in PVDF results in a dramatic reduction of d33, because the nanofiller assumes a competitive role with respect to H-bond formation between PVDF and the dissolved metal salt. The measured peak value of d33 reaches the local value of 13.49 pm/V, with an average of 8.88 pm/V over an area of 1 cm2. The proposed selection of metal salt enables low-cost production of piezoelectric PVDF nanocomposite films, without electrical poling or mechanical stretching, offering new opportunities for the development of devices for energy harvesting and wearable sensors.
Carbon-Related Defects as a Source for the Enhancement of Yellow Luminescence of Unintentionally Doped GaN
Authors: Liang Feng , Zhao Degang , Jiang Desheng , Liu Zongshun , Zhu Jianjun , Chen Ping , Yang Jing , Liu Shuangtao , Xing Yao , Zhang Liqun , Li Mo , Zhang Yuantao , Du Guotong
Published: September 2018

Yellow luminescence (YL) of unintentionally doped GaN (u-GaN) peaking at about 2.2 eV has been investigated for decades, but its origin still remains controversial. In this study, ten u-GaN samples grown via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are investigated. It is observed from the room temperature (RT) photoluminescence (PL) measurements that the YL band is enhanced in the PL spectra of those samples if their MOCVD growth is carried out with a decrease of pressure, temperature, or flow rate of NH3. Furthermore, a strong dependence of YL band intensity on the carbon concentration is found by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements, demonstrating that the increased carbon-related defects in these samples are responsible for the enhancement of the YL band.
Relative Protein Intake and Physical Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Coelho-Júnior Hélio , Milano-Teixeira Luiz , Rodrigues Bruno , Bacurau Reury , Marzetti Emanuele , Uchida Marco
Published: September 2018

(1) Background: The present work aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, in order to investigate the association of relative protein intake and physical function in older adults; (2) Methods: Observational studies, that investigated the association between protein intake and physical function in older adults, were retrieved from MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, AgeLine, EMBASE, and Cochrane-CENTRAL. Two independent researchers conducted study selection and data extraction; (3) Results: Very high protein intake (≥1.2 g/kg/day) and high protein intake (≥1.0 g/kg/day) groups showed better lower limb physical functioning and walking speed (WS) performance, respectively, in comparison to individuals who present relative low protein (<0.80 g/kg/day) intake. On the other hand, relative high protein intake does not seem to propitiate a better performance on isometric handgrip (IHG) and chair rise in comparison to relative low protein intake. In addition, there were no significant differences in the physical functioning of high and middle protein intake groups; (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, findings of the present study indicate that a very high (≥1.2 g/kg/day) and high protein intake (≥1.0 g/kg/day) are associated with better lower-limb physical performance, when compared to low protein (<0.80 g/kg/day) intake, in community-dwelling older adults. These findings act as additional evidence regarding the potential need to increase protein guidelines to above the current recommendations. However, large randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the addictive effects of high-protein diets (≥1.0 g/kg/day) in comparison to the current recommendations on physical functioning. All data are available in the Open ScienceFramework.
Effect of Core-Shell Morphology on the Mechanical Properties and Crystallization Behavior of HDPE/HDPE-g-MA/PA6 Ternary Blends
Authors: Zhu Lien , Wang Haoming , Liu Meihua , Jin Zheng , Zhao Kai
Published: September 2018

In this paper, the high-density polyethylene/maleic anhydride grafted high-density polyethylene/polyamide 6 (HDPE/HDPE-g-MA/PA6) ternary blends were prepared by blend melting. The binary dispersed phase (HDPE-g-MA/PA6) is of a core-shell structure, which is confirmed by the SEM observation and theoretical calculation. The crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of PA6, HDPE-g-MA, HDPE, and their blends were investigated. The crystallization process, crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and crystallinity were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) testing. The results show that PA6 and HDPE-g-MA interact with each other during crystallizing, and their crystallization behaviors are different when the composition is different. At the same time, the addition of core-shell particles (HDPE-g-MA/PA6) can affect the crystallization behavior of the HDPE matrix. With the addition of the core-shell particles, the comprehensive mechanical properties of HDPE were enhanced, including tensile strength, elastic modulus, and the impact strength. Combined with previous studies, the toughening mechanism of core-shell structure is discussed in detail. The mechanism of the core-shell structure toughening is not only one, but the result of a variety of mechanisms together.
On the Robustness of the MnSi Magnetic Structure Determined by Muon Spin Rotation
Authors: Dalmas de Réotier Pierre , Yaouanc Alain , Amato Alex , Maisuradze Alexander , Andreica Daniel , Roessli Bertrand , Goko Tatsuo , Scheuermann Robert , Lapertot Gérard
Published: September 2018

Muon spin rotation ( μ SR) spectra recorded for manganese silicide MnSi and interpreted in terms of a quantitative analysis constrained by symmetry arguments were recently published. The magnetic structures of MnSi in zero-field at low temperature and in the conical phase near the magnetic phase transition were shown to substantially deviate from the expected helical and conical structures. Here, we present material backing the previous results obtained in zero-field. First, from simulations of the field distributions experienced by the muons as a function of relevant parameters, we confirm the uniqueness of the initial interpretation and illustrate the remarkable complementarity of neutron scattering and μ SR for the MnSi magnetic structure determination. Second, we present the result of a μ SR experiment performed on MnSi crystallites grown in a Zn-flux and compare it with the previous data recorded with a crystal obtained from Czochralski pulling. We find the magnetic structure for the two types of crystals to be identical within experimental uncertainties. We finally address the question of a possible muon-induced effect by presenting transverse field μ SR spectra recorded in a wide range of temperature and field intensity. The field distribution parameters perfectly scale with the macroscopic magnetization, ruling out a muon-induced effect.
Who Is the Muslim? Discursive Representations of the Muslims and Islam in Indian Prime-Time News
Authors: Drabu Onaiza
Published: September 2018

A cursory look at Indian prime-time news tells us much about the tone and tenor of the people associated with it. Exaggerations, hyperbole, and tempers run wild, and news anchors flail in theatrical rage. News channels and news editors display their ideological affiliations subliminally. These affiliations—a factor of personal political stances, funding bodies, and investors—lead to partisan bias in the framing of news and, in some cases, can easily translate into racial prejudice. In this paper, I examine news coverage related to Muslims in India. I study the coverage of two issues specifically—love jihad and triple talaq—in prime-time English news of two channels: Times Now and Republic TV. Love jihad is a term used to describe alleged campaigns carried out by Muslim men targeting non-Muslim women for conversion to Islam by feigning love. Triple talaq is a form of divorce that has been interpreted to allow Muslim men to legally divorce their wives by stating the word “talaq” three times. My analysis of the content, tone, and tenor of their coverage shows that these channels propagate associations between Islam and backwardness, ignorance, and violence through consistent employment of the following tropes: “Muslim women need to be saved from Muslim men”; “Hindu women need to be saved from Muslim men”; and, “Muslims are not fully Indian—they are anti-national”. I place this study of news media within the current political climate in India and briefly touch on the conversations it guides and provokes. This is a first step in detailing a problem. It is also a call for further analysis on this subject to examine and evaluate if and how discourse manipulates public conversations and policy decisions.
Wireless Sensor Networks for Long-Term Monitoring of Urban Noise
Authors: Peckens Courtney , Porter Cédric , Rink Taylor
Published: September 2018

Noise pollution in urban environments is becoming increasingly common and it has potential to negatively impact people’s health and decrease overall productivity. In order to alleviate these effects, it is important to better quantify noise patterns and levels through data collection and analysis. Wireless sensor networks offer a method for achieving this with a higher level of granularity than traditional handheld devices. In this study, a wireless sensing unit (WSU) was developed that possesses the same functionality as a handheld sound level meter. The WSU is comprised of a microcontroller unit that enables on-board computations, a wireless transceiver that uses Zigbee protocol for data transmission, and an external peripheral board that houses the microphone transducer. The WSU utilizes on-board data processing techniques to monitor noise by computing equivalent continuous sound levels, LeqT, which effectively minimizes data transmission and increases the overall longevity of the node. Strategies are also employed to ensure real-time functionality is maintained on the sensing unit, with a focus on preventing bottlenecks between data acquisition, data processing, and wireless transmission. Four units were deployed in two weeks field validation test and were shown to be capable of monitoring noise for extended periods of time.
Study of Industrial Grade Thermal Insulation as Passive Fire Protection up to 1200 °C
Authors: Bjørge Joachim Søreng , Gunnarshaug Amalie , Log Torgrim , Metallinou Maria-Monika
Published: September 2018

It has recently been demonstrated that 50 mm thick industrial grade thermal insulation may serve as passive fire protection of jet fire exposed thick walled steel distillation columns. The present study investigates the performance of thermal insulation in conjunction to 3 mm, 6 mm, 12 mm and 16 mm steel walls, i.e., where the wall represents less heat sink, when exposed to 350 kW/m2 heat load. Regardless of the tested steel plate thicknesses, about 10 min passed before a nearly linear steel temperature increase versus time was observed. Thereafter, the thinnest plates systematically showed a faster temperature increase than the thickest plates confirming the wall heat sink effect. To study thermal insulation sintering, 50 mm thermal insulation cubes were heat treated (30 min holding time) at temperatures up to 1100 °C. No clear sign of melting was observed, but sintering resulted in 25% shrinkage at 1100 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis to 1300 °C revealed mass loss peaks due to anti-dusting material at 250 °C and Bakelite binder at 460 °C. No significant mass change occurred above 1000 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry to 1300 °C revealed endothermic processes related to the anti-dusting material and Bakelite mass losses, as well as a conspicuous endothermic peak at 1220 °C. This peak is most likely due to melting. The endothermic processes involved when heating the thermal insulation may to a large part explain the 10 min delay in steel plate temperature increase during fire testing. Overall, the tested thermal insulation performed surprisingly well also for protecting the thin steel plates.
An Examination of the Mental Health and Negative Life Events of Women Who Killed Their Children
Authors: Poteyeva Margarita , Leigey Margaret
Published: September 2018

Research on filicide, the killing of a child by a biological or a de facto parent or parents, has largely focused on mothers. However, little is known about how filicidal women compare to filicidal men or whether they differ from women who commit non-filicide murder. The study explores pre-incarceration negative life events and mental health histories of women incarcerated for filicide as compared to men incarcerated for the same offense and women who were incarcerated for non-filicide murder. Extensive gender differences in filicidal parents were found in terms of economic marginalization, physical and sexual abuse, mental health problems. Filicidal women had more mental health problems and lower monthly income than women incarcerated for non-filicide murder, but there were more similarities than differences detected between the two groups of female offenders. The paper concludes with policy recommendations.
Assessing the Sustainability Performance of Sustainability Management Software
Authors: Kern Eva , Silva Samanthi , Guldner Achim
Published: September 2018

Companies have made considerable progress in assessing the sustainability of their processes and products, including the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. However, it is surprising that little attention has been given to the sustainability performance of software products. For this article, we chose a case study approach to explore the extent, to which software manufacturers have considered sustainability criteria for their products. We selected a manufacturer of sustainability management software on the assumption that they would be more likely to integrate elements of sustainability performance in their products. In the case study, we applied a previously developed set of criteria for sustainable software (SCSS) using a questionnaire and experiments, to assess a web-based sustainability management software product regarding its sustainability performance. The assessment finds that despite a sustainability conscious manufacturer, a systematic assessment of sustainability regarding software products is missing in the case study. This implies that sustainability assessment for software products is still novel, corresponding knowledge is missing and suitable tools are not yet being widely applied in the industry. The SCSS presents a suitable approach to close this gap, but it does require further refinement, for example regarding its applicability to web-based software on external servers.
Measuring Urban Renewal: A Dual Kernel Density Estimation to Assess the Intensity of Building Renovation—Case Study in Lisbon
Authors: Brandão Filipe J. S. , Correia Ricardo M. , Paio Alexandra
Published: September 2018

In the cities of post-industrialized countries, renovation is the main part of building construction activity and has a major urban impact. Measuring this ongoing phenomenon and its distribution is of great usefulness for municipality urban planning and public policies. In this context, it is essential to introduce tools and processes that can allow for describing and predict how building renovation evolves. Open databases have become a valuable resource for observing processes and interactions in urban context. Data-driven analysis methods were used to directly interact with open city data, thus aiming to propose an alternative building renovation approach based on data gathering, parametric modeling, and visualization. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) is an efficient tool that overcomes incomplete data, as not all renovation is reported to city halls. This article presents a preliminary study on a method of measuring building renovation intensity using the city of Lisbon building permit alphanumerical and spatial database as a case study.
Land-Use Planning Methodology and Middle-Ground Planning Theories
Authors: Lagopoulos Alexandros Ph.
Published: September 2018

This paper argues that a monolithic land-use planning “grand narrative” is not sufficiently flexible, but that the fragmentation into innumerable “small narratives” goes against any sense of the existence of an established domain of knowledge. Its aim is to explore the epistemological possibility for “middle ground” theories. The methodology adopted for this purpose is to take as a standard reference the methodological components of comprehensive/procedural planning and to measure against them the methodologies proposed by a corpus of other major land-use planning approaches. The outcome of this comparison is that for more than half a century, planning theories in the field of urban and regional planning have been revolving incessantly around the methodological components of the comprehensive model, which seem, at least at the present stage of our knowledge, to be the universal nucleus of the land-use planning enterprise. This paper indicates on this basis the prerequisites for the construction of middle-ground land-use planning theories and how we can pass from the formal contextual variants to real life contexts through the original articulation of planning theory with input from the findings of the actual planning systems.
Polyurethane Foam/Spheroid Culture System Using Human Hepatoblastoma Cell Line (Hep G2) as a Possible New Hybrid Artificial Liver
Authors: Yamashita Yo-Ichi , Shimada Mitsuo , Tsujita Eiji , Tanaka Shinji , Ijima Hiroyuki , Nakazawa Kohji , Sakiyama Ryoichi , Fukuda Junji , Ueda Tadayoshi , Funatsu Kazumori , Sugimachi Keizo
Published: September 2018

The risk of xenozoonosis infections poses the greatest obstacle against the clinical application of hybrid artificial liver support system (HALSS). Primary human hepatocytes are an ideal source for HALSS, but the shortage of human livers available for hepatocyte isolation limits this modality. To resolve this issue, we used human hepatocytes with replication capacity (fetal hepatocytes, Hep G2, and Huh 7) in a polyurethane foam (PUF)/spheroid culture system in vitro, and analyzed liver functions such as ammonia removal and albumin synthesis capacity; results were compared to those of porcine hepatocytes. Human fetal hepatocytes, Hep G2, and Huh 7 formed spheroids spontaneously within 24 h in a PUF/spheroid culture system; ammonia removal activity (μmol/106 nuclei/h) was upregulated, as was albumin synthesis activity (μg/106 nuclei/day). In particular, Hep G2 spheroids demonstrated high ammonia removal and albumin synthesis activities: 85% of the ammonia removal activity and 171.7% of the albumin synthesis activity of porcine hepatocytes in the monolayer culture. These results indicate the possibility of the development of a multicapillary PUF (MC-PUF) packed-bed culture system of hepatocyte spheroids as a HALSS using Hep G2.
Hydrogel-Coated Textile Scaffolds as Three-Dimensional Growth Support for Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs): Possibilities as Coculture System in Liver Tissue Engineering
Authors: Risbud Makarand V. , Karamuk Erdal , Moser René , Mayer Joerg
Published: September 2018

Three-dimensional (3-D) scaffolds offer an exciting possibility to develop cocultures of various cell types. Here we report chitosan–collagen hydrogel-coated fabric scaffolds with defined mesh size and fiber diameter for 3-D culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). These scaffolds did not require pre-coating with fibronectin and they supported proper HUVEC attachment and growth. Scaffolds preserved endothelial cell-specific cobblestone morphology and cells were growing in compartments defined by the textile mesh. HUVECs on the scaffold maintained the property of contact inhibition and did not exhibit overgrowth until the end of in vitro culture (day 6). MTT assay showed that cells had preserved mitochondrial functionality. It was also noted that cell number on the chitosan-coated scaffold was lower than that of collagen-coated scaffolds. Calcein AM and ethidium homodimer (EtD-1) dual staining demonstrated presence of viable and metabolically active cells, indicating growth supportive properties of the scaffolds. Actin labeling revealed absence of actin stress fibers and uniform distribution of F-actin in the cells, indicating their proper attachment to the scaffold matrix. Confocal microscopic studies showed that HUVECs growing on the scaffold had preserved functionality as seen by expression of von Willebrand (vW) factor. Observations also revealed that functional HUVECs were growing at various depths in the hydrogel matrix, thus demonstrating the potential of these scaffolds to support 3-D growth of cells. We foresee the application of this scaffold system in the design of liver bioreactors wherein hepatocytes could be cocultured in parallel with endothelial cells to enhance and preserve liver-specific functions.
Alternative Sources of Neurons and Glia from Somatic Stem Cells
Authors: Torrente Yvan , Belicchi Marzia , Pisati Federica , Pagano Stefano F. , Fortunato Francesco , Sironi Manuela , D'angelo Maria Grazia , Parati Eugenio A. , Scarlato Guglielmo , Bresolin Nereo
Published: September 2018

Stem cell populations have been shown to be extremely versatile: they can generate differentiated cells specific to the tissue in which they reside and descendents that are of different germ layer origin. This raises the possibility of obtaining neuronal cells from new biological source of the same adult human subjects. In this study, we found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) cooperated to induce the proliferation, self-renewal, and expansion of neural stem cell-like population isolated from several newborn and adult mouse tissues: muscle and hematopoietic tissues. This population, in both primary culture and secondary expanded clones, formed spheres of undifferentiated cells that were induced to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Brain engraftment of the somatic-derived neural stem cells generated neuronal phenotypes, demonstrating the great plasticity of these cells with potential clinical application.
"Yearning for the British Raj": The Touristic Consumption of Colonial Nostalgia in India
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Ranjan , Dann Graham
Published: September 2018

This case study of Raj tourism is based on a postcolonial discourse of nostalgia that applies the language of tourism to the "Old Talk" of Empire when Britain once ruled the waves. Various facets of Raj tourism are semiotically explored in relation to the correspondence between motivation
and promotion in order to more fully appreciate the process of understanding tourism itself. Typical areas of cultural communication that are inductively analyzed range from journalese to brochurese and include inter alia the popular press, imperial travel by train, and other forms of touring,
as well as televised and film representations in such reality shows as the Marigold Hotel. In this way, the glories of the past can be better grasped as contributing to the comforting reprojection of empire on an uncertain future in a post-Brexit world.
Political Crises and Destination Choice: An Exploratory Study of Swedish-Iranian Second-Home Buyers
Authors: Abbasian Saeid
Published: September 2018

Political crises, which have a known impact on the choice of tourism destination, can also negatively affect the choice of second-home destination and purchase. The purpose of this study is to investigate why some Swedish-Iranian second-home buyers prefer Spain to Turkey for political
reasons. More than 30 short dialogues were conducted with Swedish-Iranian buyers at the exhibition "Buying Properties Abroad" in Kista, September 2015, following the start of a series of political crises in Turkey. A simple question was asked: Why are you choosing Spain rather than Turkey?
The most important category of reasons were political factors, followed by cultural reasons. Political anxiety, instability, and insecurity in Turkey, the risk of civil war, a police society, lack of democratic order, the fact that Turkey is not a member of the European Union, the government's
negative attitudes towards Kurds, and the emergence of Islamic State were the political reasons most mentioned. One conclusion that can be drawn is that political crises affect second-home tourism/tourists in the same way that they do ordinary tourism/tourists. The research has some important
implications for Turkish policymakers, tourism stakeholders at a macrolevel, their competitors, especially in Spain, and potential buyers. Based on this research, some suggestions for future studies are also given.
Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation
Authors: Shak Katrina Pui Yee , Pang Yean Ling , Mah Shee Keat
Published: September 2018

Among many other sustainable functional nanomaterials, nanocellulose is drawing increasing interest for use in environmental remediation technologies due to its numerous unique properties and functionalities. Nanocellulose is usually derived from the disintegration of naturally occurring polymers or produced by the action of bacteria. In this review, some invigorating perspectives on the challenges, future direction, and updates on the most relevant uses of nanocellulose in environmental remediation are discussed. The reported applications and properties of nanocellulose as an adsorbent, photocatalyst, flocculant, and membrane are reviewed in particular. However, additional effort will be required to implement and commercialize nanocellulose as a viable nanomaterial for remediation technologies. In this regard, the main challenges and limitations in working with nanocellulose-based materials are identified in an effort to improve the development and efficient use of nanocellulose in environmental remediation.
The Mira-based Distance to the Galactic Center
Authors: Qin Wenzer , Nataf David M. , Zakamska Nadia , Wood Peter R. , Casagrande Luca
Published: September 2018

Mira variables are useful distance indicators, due to their high luminosities and well-defined period–luminosity relation. We select 1863 Miras from SAAO and MACHO observations to examine their use as distance estimators in the Milky Way. We measure a distance to the Galactic center of R
0 = 7.9 ± 0.3 kpc, which is in good agreement with other literature values. The uncertainty has two components of ∼0.2 kpc each: the first is from our analysis and predominantly due to interstellar extinction, the second is due to zero-point uncertainties extrinsic to our investigation, such as the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). In an attempt to improve existing period–luminosity calibrations, we use theoretical models of Miras to determine the dependence of the period–luminosity relation on age, metallicity, and helium abundance, under the assumption that Miras trace the bulk stellar population. We find that at a fixed period of

, changes in the predicted K

s
magnitudes can be approximated by

 + 

, and these coefficients are nearly independent of period. The expected overestimate in the Galactic center distance from using an LMC-calibrated relation is ∼0.3 kpc. This prediction is not validated by our analysis; a few possible reasons are discussed. We separately show that while the predicted color–color diagrams of solar-neighborhood Miras work well in the near-infrared; though, there are offsets from the model predictions in the optical and mid-infrared.
The Active Assembly of the Virgo Cluster: Indications for Recent Group Infall From Early-type Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Lisker Thorsten , Vijayaraghavan Rukmani , Janz Joachim , Gallagher John S. , Engler Christoph , Urich Linda
Published: September 2018

Virgo is a dynamically young galaxy cluster with substructure in its spatial and kinematic distribution. Here we simultaneously study the phase-space distribution and the main characteristics of Virgo’s galaxies, particularly its most abundant galaxy population—the early-type dwarfs—to understand their environmental transformation histories. Aside from known correlations with morphological types—like the larger average clustercentric distance of late-type galaxies—we find an intriguing behavior of early types with magnitudes −17 ≥ M

r
 ≥ −18. They show a large velocity spread and an asymmetric phase-space distribution, similar to the late-type galaxies and different from the early types just 1 mag brighter/fainter. Furthermore, we find a close phase-space aggregation of early-type dwarfs at large clustercentric distance and high relative velocity. Nearly all of them show signatures of disk components, and their colors imply stellar ages that are younger than the population average. They are not located closely together but spread azimuthally around the cluster center. We show that this is expected from simulations of an infalling galaxy group that slowly gets dispersed after its first pericentric passage. We thus conclude that these galaxies are recent arrivals and that the peculiar phase-space distribution of early-type dwarfs is evidence for the ongoing growth of this galaxy population. Studying galaxies based on their phase-space correlations is a unique way to compare the properties of recent and older cluster members and to understand which environment most influenced their present-day characteristics.
Identifying Direct Collapse Black Hole Seeds through Their Small Host Galaxies
Authors: Visbal Eli , Haiman Zoltán
Published: September 2018

Observations of high-redshift quasars indicate that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses greater than ∼109 M
⊙ were assembled within the first billion years after the Big Bang. It is unclear how such massive black holes (BHs) formed so early. One possible explanation is that these SMBHs were seeded by “heavy” direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) with masses of M
BH ≈ 105 M
⊙, but observations have not yet confirmed or refuted this scenario. In this Letter, we utilize a cosmological N-body simulation to demonstrate that before they grow roughly an order of magnitude in mass, DCBHs will have BH mass to halo mass ratios that are much higher than expected for BH remnants of Population III (Pop III) stars that have grown to the same mass (∼106
M
⊙). We also show that when T
vir ≈ 104 K halos (the potential sites of DCBH formation) merge with much larger nearby halos (M
h > 1010
M
⊙), they almost always orbit their larger host halos with a separation of a few kpc, which is sufficient to be spatially resolved with future X-ray and infrared telescopes. Thus, we propose that a future X-ray mission such as Lynx, combined with infrared observations, will be able to distinguish high-redshift DCBHs from smaller BH seeds due to the unusually high BH mass to stellar mass ratios of the faintest observed quasars, with inferred BH masses below ∼106
M
⊙.
A High-quality Velocity-delay Map of the Broad-line Region in NGC 5548
Authors: Xiao Ming , Du Pu , Lu Kai-King , Hu Chen , Li Yan-Rong , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Wang Kai , Huang Ying-Ke , Bai Jin-Ming , Bian Wei-Hao , Ho Luis C. , Yuan Ye-Fei , Wang Jian-Min
Published: September 2018

NGC 5548 has been well spectroscopically monitored for reverberation mapping of the central kinematics by 19 campaigns. Using the maximum entropy method in this Letter, we build up a high-quality velocity-delay map of the Hβ emission line in the light curves of the continuum and the line variations observed between 2015 and 2016. The map shows the response strength and lags of the velocity fields of the Hβ-emitting regions. The velocity-delay structure of the map is generally symmetric, with strong red and blue wings at time lag τ ≲ 15 days, a narrower velocity distribution at τ ≳ 15 days, and a deficit of response in the core. This is suggestive of a disk geometry of the broad-line region (BLR). The relatively weaker Hβ response at the longer lags in the red side indicates anisotropic emission from the outer part of the BLR. We also recover the velocity-delay maps of NGC 5548 from the historical data of 13 years to investigate the long-term variability of its BLR. In general, the BLR of NGC 5548 was switching between the inflow and virialized phases in the past years. The resultant maps of seven years reveal inflow signatures and show decreasing lags, indicating that the changes in the BLR size are related to the infalling BLR gas. The other four maps show potential disk signatures that are similar to our map.
G7.7–3.7: A Young Supernova Remnant Probably Associated with the Guest Star in 386 CE (SN 386)
Authors: Zhou 周 Ping 平 , Vink Jacco , Li 黎 Geng 耕 , Domček Vladimír
Published: September 2018

Although the Galactic supernova rate is about two per century, only few supernova remnants (SNRs) are associated with historical records. There are a few ancient Chinese records of “guest stars” that are probably sightings of supernovae for which the associated SNRs are not established. Here we present an X-ray study of the SNR G7.7−3.7, as observed by XMM-Newton, and discuss its probable association with the guest star of 386 CE. This guest star occurred in the ancient Chinese asterism Nan-Dou, which is part of Sagittarius. The X-ray morphology of G7.7−3.7 shows an arc-like feature in the SNR south, which is characterized by an under-ionized plasma with subsolar abundances, a temperature of 0.4–0.8 keV, and a density of

. A small shock age of

kyr is inferred from the low ionization timescale of

of the X-ray arc. The low foreground absorption (

) of G7.7−3.7 made the supernova explosion visible to the naked eye on the Earth. The position of G7.7−3.7 is consistent with the event of 386 CE, and the X-ray properties suggest that its age is also consistent. Interestingly, the association between G7.7−3.7 and guest star 386 suggests that the supernova was a low-luminosity supernova, thus explaining the brief visibility (2–4 months) of the guest star.
A comprehensive database for the cave fauna of Greece
Authors: Paragamian Kaloust , Poulinakis Manoussos , Paragkamian Savvas , Nikoloudakis Ioannis
Published: September 2018

Within the framework of the project “Conservation of the Cave Fauna of Greece”, the Hellenic Institute of Speleological Research developed the Cave Fauna of Greece (CFG) Database (https://database.inspee.gr/, Fig. 1), a free online data infrastructure that provides reliable information on the taxonomy, distribution, conservation status and referenced literature for all cavernicolous animal species in Greece. Furthermore, it provides information on geography, protection status and the fauna of each cave, as well as the referenced literature.

The database was compiled after gathering, critically evaluating and integrating all taxonomic and faunistic information for species recorded in the caves of Greece. It includes all species recorded up to date and currently regarded as valid. The taxonomic reference system is harmonized with the Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI, EU-nomen). Considerable effort was also made to find the locations of the caves and to solve problems of synonymies, misspellings, etc.

CFG database is a comprehensive, dynamic and digitally-available reference for several user-groups: research scientists, policy and decision-makers, nature conservation community, the education community, and citizen scientists. It was developed and launched to serve as a basic tool for research and conservation policies of cave species and caves in Greece. Currently, it hosts 2,567 records of 843 valid species in 465 caves, 763 literature references for species and more than 440 cave descriptions references. The user can navigate through 3 themes: fauna, caves, and references. A species can be found either by searching the name (or part of it) or by browsing through the taxonomic hierarchy to look for names of organisms within a group. A cave can be found either by searching the name/synonym (or part of it) or by browsing through the administrative hierarchy. Navigation from species to caves and vice versa can be performed through the names of species and caves.
An updated diagnosis of the rare Amphisbaena slateri Boulenger, 1907, based on additional specimens (Squamata, Amphisbaenia, Amphisbaenidae)
Authors: Costa Henrique C. , Welton Luke J. , Hallermann Jakob
Published: September 2018

Amphisbaenaslateriis a rare species of worm lizard from Peru and Bolivia, known only from three specimens. We found two additional specimens of this taxon, housed at the herpetological collections of the Zoological Museum (Cenak), Universität Hamburg, and the University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute, updating its known geographic distribution and morphological variation. We also discovered an unpublished manuscript by late Carl Gans reporting the finding of the Hamburg specimen, which we reproduce here with the permission of his family.Amphisbaenaslaterican be identified by a combination of characters including counts of annuli, segments, and pores, the shape of head scales and color pattern. Basic morphological data is given for all species of Amphisbaenia known for Bolivia and Peru to aid in the identification of specimens from those countries.
A new species of Aegyptobia and redescription of Tenuipalpus szarvasensis Bozai, 1970 (Acari, Tenuipalpidae)
Authors: Kontschán Jenő , Ripka Géza
Published: September 2018

A new tenuipalpid mite species,Aegyptobiabozaiisp. n., is described from Central-Hungary on leaves of the endemic Hungarian statice Limoniumgmeliniisubsp.hungaricum (Plumbaginaceae) based on females, nymphs and larva. The previously described endemic flat mite,TenuipalpusszarvasensisBozai, 1970 is redescribed. This species had been treated as a junior synonym ofTenuipalpuscheladzeaeGomelauri, 1960, but our new investigation shows that the two species are not the same.
Proposition d’une version française de l’Inventaire de conservation des ressources (ICR)
Authors: Dodeler Virginie , Lanfranchi Jean-Baptiste , Mabire Charlotte , Houbre Barbara , Hobfoll Stevan
Published: September 2018

Dans sa théorie de la conservation des ressources, Hobfoll (1988, 1989) démontre comment les fluctuations de ressources, en pertes, menaces et gains, affectent la santé mentale des individus. En 1992, Hobfoll, Lilly et Jackson ont proposé une étude de ces fluctuations à travers l’évaluation de la conservation des ressources (COR-E), dont nous proposons ici une adaptation française sous la forme de l’Inventaire de conservation des ressources (ICR). Trois études sont ainsi présentées : la première a pour objectif d’établir une classification des 74 ressources, la deuxième et la troisième permettent de construire et de valider l’adaptation française auprès d’une population d’étudiants inscrits en première année.
Obésité et traumatisme : vers une étude subjectivante de la question
Authors: Mathieu Joris , Lévy Benjamin , Ziegler Olivier , Lighezzolo-Alnot Joëlle
Published: September 2018

Les auteurs de cet article étudient les liens entre la présence d’un antécédent d’événements traumatiques ou difficiles et la survenue d’une obésité sévère. D’abord, dans une introduction théorique, ils recensent les travaux les plus récents sur la question. Ils recontextualisent ensuite les troubles alimentaires selon un modèle psychosomatique, en soulignant l’existence d’une expression des affects singulière, les conduisant à avancer des arguments en faveur d’un rapprochement entre obésité et régression pulsionnelle. Afin d’étayer et d’illustrer leurs hypothèses, les auteurs s’appuient sur leurs expériences cliniques en présentant deux cas de patients obèses, qui ont subi une chirurgie bariatrique. Enfin, ils soulignent l’importance d’instaurer un suivi psychologique chez ces patients et exposent l’intérêt d’un éclairage par le concept de résilience.
Les logiques de la diffusion du tourisme dans le monde : une approche géohistorique
Authors: Gay Jean-Christophe , Decroly Jean-Michel
Published: September 2018

La distribution actuelle des lieux touristiques dans le monde résulte d’un processus de diffusion spatiale, entamé en Europe au xviii e siècle. En s’appuyant sur des cartes de synthèse réalisées à la suite d’un dépouillement d’une base de données inédite recensant près de 3000 lieux touristiques, l’article détaille quatre jalons importants de la mondialisation du tourisme : sa diffusion initiale en Europe à partir de l’axe du Grand Tour, son déploiement en Amérique du Nord au xviii e et au xix e siècle, son expansion spatiale dans le cadre de la colonisation et sa généralisation dans la seconde moitié du xx e siècle. Il met ensuite en avant quelques facteurs clés de la dissémination des lieux touristiques dans le monde, en soulignant le rôle des circulations, mais aussi des ressorts culturels, techniques et économiques de la production des lieux touristiques.
La fabrique du quartier routard de Pham Ngu Lao (Hô Chi Minh-Ville, Viêt-nam). Rapports de pouvoir et inégalités dans la mondialisation touristique
Authors: Peyvel Emmanuelle , Gibert Marie
Published: September 2018

Fruit d’une approche croisée entre géographie du tourisme et études urbaines, ce texte a pour objectif de comprendre la fabrique du quartier routard de Pham Ngu Lao à Hô Chi Minh-Ville (Viêt-nam) par les diverses manières avec lesquelles les professionnels, les riverains et les autorités investissent cette économie mondialisée. Cette analyse révèle le fonctionnement profondément inégalitaire qui régit le jeu local d’acteurs – la classe sociale, la nationalité et la couleur de peau, le genre et l’âge, constituant autant de facteurs discriminants dans l’accès économique et spatiale à la ressource touristique. Ce faisant, cette étude participe à un décentrement du regard sur la figure du quartier routard, et plus globalement les pays dits du Sud, encore trop souvent envisagés comme des enclaves du tourisme international.
Perturber les enseignements pour mieux motiver les étudiants : de l’étude de cas traditionnelle aux jeux pédagogiques
Authors: Baruel Bencherqui Dominique , Beau Gaëlle , Bazin Yoann
Published: September 2018

L’objet de cet article est double. D’abord s’interroger sur la manière dont nos outils pédagogiques peuvent participer, ou nuire, à la formation et à la motivation des étudiants, à la stimulation de leur envie d’apprendre. Au-delà du classique « de toute façon ils en font le moins possible... », nous voudrions déplacer le regard vers nos méthodes, en particulier les très traditionnelles études de cas et les examiner de manière critique. Le second objet de cet article est de partager la manière dont la première auteure a peu à peu développé une nouvelle méthode d’enseignement dans son cours de Gestion des Ressources Humaines pour finir par proposer une réelle innovation pédagogique. L’usage de l’étude de cas est intéressant s’il n’est pas confondu avec l’expérience réelle de management, mais plutôt s’il contribue à la motivation et donc à l’apprentissage des étudiants en illustrant des concepts et en valorisant la multiplication des points de vue ancrés dans un contexte historique. Le cas est un outil pédagogique intéressant mais dont l’utilisation doit être pensée avec un certain recul critique pour éviter certains effets négatifs. Il nous semble que les jeux pédagogiques et les fictions historiques, présentés dans cet article, peuvent justement permettre d’éviter certains effets pervers en ce qu’ils suscitent une curiosité tant pour l’apprentissage de la théorie que pour la connaissance du contexte historique. De plus, en étant détachés du monde de l’entreprise, ils évitent le risque d’en faire des expériences réelles de management fondées sur l’unique prise de décision découplée de la mise en œuvre. D’autre part, ces derniers favorisent le processus motivationnel des étudiants et leur permettent de développer un ensemble de compétences qui facilitera leur insertion dans la vie professionnelle.
Décroissons !
Authors: Liegey Vincent , Taïbi Nadia
Published: September 2018

Notamment co-auteur en 2014 du livre-manifeste Un projet de décroissance , Vincent Liegey a contribué à plusieurs projets de recherche autour de la décroissance et de la transition : revenu de base, dotation inconditionnelle d’autonomie, revenu maximum acceptable, démocratie directe, ré-encastrement de l’économie, systèmes économiques alternatifs. L’entretien que nous proposons porte sur cette nouvelle et salutaire injonction : décroissons !
Un travail qui fait œuvre
Authors: Lecerf Éric
Published: September 2018

Le parcours philosophique de Simone Weil est d’une telle richesse qu’il a été source d’inspiration pour des personnes adoptant sur la vie, sur l’esprit de la communauté et la place des individus, sur l’histoire des sociétés et le destin de la culture, des points de vue assez éloignés pour que l’idée de les faire dialoguer puisse relever de la plus parfaite incongruité…
Les sites d'information en ligne entre indépendance et course au clic : une comparaison franco-américaine
Authors: Christin Angèle
Published: September 2018

Résumé L'opposition entre sites indépendants et « Big Media » est l'une des divisions structurantes du monde de la presse en ligne : de nombreux journalistes établissent une équivalence directe entre l'indépendance économique et l'indépendance éditoriale des sites internet. Cet article nuance ce point de vue en s'appuyant sur une enquête ethnographique comparative menée auprès de deux sites d'information en ligne, LaPlace à Paris et TheNotebook à New York, qui revendiquent une forte indépendance éditoriale mais ont des statuts économiques distincts : le capital de TheNotebook a toujours été dominé par d'importants groupes de presse alors que LaPlace était indépendant jusqu'à son récent rachat. Malgré ces statuts différents, LaPlace et TheNotebook ont réagi de façon similaire au durcissement de la concurrence en ligne, ce qui s'est traduit par un engagement fort dans la course au clic. En dépit d'importants sacrifices éditoriaux, TheNotebook a finalement été mieux protégé des aléas du marché du fait d'une division stricte du travail entre journalistes du « temps court » et du « temps long », ce qui lui a permis de sanctuariser ses articles d'enquête et de revendiquer l'indépendance éditoriale comme marque distinctive du site. L'article conclut sur les conditions de possibilité d'une réelle indépendance éditoriale dans l'économie numérique actuelle.