bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mounds in Oxia Planum: The Burial and Exhumation of the ExoMars Rover Landing Site
Authors: McNeil Joseph D. , Fawdon Peter , Balme Matthew R. , Coe Angela L. , Thomas Nicolas
Published: October 2022

Oxia Planum, the planned landing site of the ExoMars “Rosalind Franklin” rover, is a low relief clay‐bearing plain, of which approximately 1% is covered by 396 upstanding isolated landforms (“mounds”). The mounds are continuous with a circum‐Chryse mound population representing the remnants of a regionally significant Noachian‐aged deposit. This detailed study suggests that the Oxia Planum mounds are also erosional remnants of this deposit, with little evidence to suggest they are constructional landforms such as sedimentary volcanoes. We calculate that up to 130 m of mound‐forming material has been removed from the landing site through erosion. The mound‐forming layer lies unconformably on the clay‐bearing plains with the upper surface severely truncated by significant erosion resulting in the topography we see today. The mounds themselves comprise at least three members, distinct in color and texture, separated stratigraphically by further unconformities. Calculated minimum erosion/deposition rates of the removed mound material are comparable to previous Noachian estimates, suggesting a more erosive (and probably therefore warmer and/or wetter) environment than today. The clay‐bearing materials which remain buried directly under the mounds have been continually protected from the Martian environment since the Noachian, and are likely to represent some of the most pristine clay‐rich materials in the landing site. By inference, the plains directly adjacent to the mounds are most likely to have been exposed for less time than areas further from the mounds. These are therefore amongst the most likely locations where Rosalind Franklin could sample recently exposed materials and hence detect biosignatures.
Transport of Water Into the Polar Regions of Mars Through Scavenging by CO2 Snowfall
Authors: Alsaeed N. R. , Hayne P. O.
Published: October 2022

The Martian water cycle is tightly coupled to the polar regions, where water in the residual polar caps exchanges with the atmosphere on seasonal and multi‐annual timescales. It is thus crucial to understand the mechanisms that control water exchange in the polar regions in order to understand the water cycle as a whole. One such mechanism is CO2 snowfall, which previous studies have shown is frequent in the poles and provides a pathway for material to move from the atmosphere to the surface. We hypothesize that water ice particles that form in the wintertime atmosphere above the polar region act as condensation nuclei (CN) for the CO2 ice particles and are deposited onto the polar caps during the CO2 snowfall process. A significant amount of water may thus be contributed to the polar caps in winter through CO2 snowfall. In this study we use atmospheric retrievals of temperature, pressure, and CO2 ice cloud opacity from the Mars Climate Sounder on board NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter coupled with a simple cloud settling model to determine sedimentation rates of CO2 ice in the polar winter. We then use these snowfall rates to quantify the amount of water ice deposited to the seasonal polar caps as CN and analyze spatial and temporal patterns in its distribution. We find a lower limit on the average mass of water scavenged every winter on the order of 109–1010 kg in the north and 108–109 kg in the south.
MHD Study of Extreme Space Weather Conditions for Exoplanets With Earth‐Like Magnetospheres: On Habitability Conditions and Radio‐Emission
Authors: Varela J. , Brun A. S. , Zarka P. , Strugarek A. , Pantellini F. , Réville V.
Published: October 2022

The present study aims at characterizing the habitability conditions of exoplanets with an Earth‐like magnetosphere inside the habitable zone of M and F stars, caused by the direct deposition of the stellar wind on the exoplanet surface. Also, the radio emission generated by exoplanets with a Earth‐like magnetosphere is calculated for different space weather conditions. The study is based on a set of MHD simulations performed by the code PLUTO. Exoplanets hosted by M stars at 0.2 au are protected from the stellar wind during regular and coronal mass ejection (CME)‐like space weather conditions if the star rotation period is slower than 3 days. Exoplanets hosted by a F stars at ≥2.5 au are protected during regular space weather conditions, but a stronger magnetic field compared to the Earth is mandatory if the exoplanet is close to the inner edge of the star habitable zone (2.5 au) during CMEs. The range of radio emission values calculated in the simulations are consistent with the scaling proposed by Zarka (2018,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55333-7_22) during regular and common CME‐like space weather conditions. If the radio telescopes measure a relative low radio emission signal with small variability from an exoplanet, that may indicate favorable exoplanet habitability conditions. The radio emission power calculated for exoplanets with an Earth‐like magnetosphere is in the range of 3 × 107to 2 × 1010 W for SW dynamic pressures between 1.5 and 100 nPa and interplanetary magnetic field intensities between 50 and 250 nT, and is below the sensitivity threshold of present radio telescopes at parsec distances.
A cluster of mesopontine GABAergic neurons suppresses REM sleep and curbs cataplexy
Authors: Chen Ze-Ka , Dong Hui , Liu Cheng-Wei , Liu Wen-Ying , Zhao Ya-Nan , Xu Wei , Sun Xiao , Xiong Yan-Yu , Liu Yuan-Yuan , Yuan Xiang-Shan , Wang Bing , Lazarus Michael , Chérasse Yoan , Li Ya-Dong , Han Fang , Qu Wei-Min , Ding Feng-Fei , Huang Zhi-Li
Published: October 2022

Physiological rapid eye movement (REM) sleep termination is vital for initiating non-REM (NREM) sleep or arousal, whereas the suppression of excessive REM sleep is promising in treating narcolepsy. However, the neuronal mechanisms controlling REM sleep termination and keeping sleep continuation remain largely unknown. Here, we reveal a key brainstem region of GABAergic neurons in the control of both physiological REM sleep and cataplexy. Using fiber photometry and optic tetrode recording, we characterized the dorsal part of the deep mesencephalic nucleus (dDpMe) GABAergic neurons as REM relatively inactive and two different firing patterns under spontaneous sleep–wake cycles. Next, we investigated the roles of dDpMe GABAergic neuronal circuits in brain state regulation using optogenetics, RNA interference technology, and celltype-specific lesion. Physiologically, dDpMe GABAergic neurons causally suppressed REM sleep and promoted NREM sleep through the sublaterodorsal nucleus and lateral hypothalamus. In-depth studies of neural circuits revealed that sublaterodorsal nucleus glutamatergic neurons were essential for REM sleep termination by dDpMe GABAergic neurons. In addition, dDpMe GABAergic neurons efficiently suppressed cataplexy in a rodent model. Our results demonstrated that dDpMe GABAergic neurons controlled REM sleep termination along with REM/NREM transitions and represented a novel potential target to treat narcolepsy.
Robust combined modeling of crystalline and amorphous silicon grain boundary conductance by machine learning
Authors: Lortaraprasert Chayaphol , Shiomi Junichiro
Published: October 2022

Knowledge in thermal and electric transport through grain boundary (GB) is crucial for designing nanostructured thermoelectric materials, where the transport greatly depends on GB atomistic structure. In this work, we employ machine learning (ML) techniques to study the relationship between silicon GB structure and its thermal and electric boundary conductance (TBC and EBC) calculated by Green’s function methods. We present a robust ML prediction model of TBC covering crystalline–crystalline and crystalline–amorphous interfaces, using disorder descriptors and atomic density. We also construct high-accuracy ML models for predicting both TBC and EBC and their ratio, using only small data of crystalline GBs. We found that the variations of interatomic angles and distance at GB are the most predictive descriptors for TBC and EBC, respectively. These results demonstrate the robustness of the black-box model and open the way to decouple thermal and electrical conductance, which is a key physical problem with engineering needs.
Loss of Mst1/2 activity promotes non-mitotic hair cell generation in the neonatal organ of Corti
Authors: Lu Xiaoling , Yu Huiqian , Ma Jiaoyao , Wang Kunkun , Guo Luo , Zhang Yanping , Li Boan , Zhao Zehang , Li Huawei , Sun Shan
Published: October 2022

Mammalian sensory hair cells (HCs) have limited capacity for regeneration, which leads to permanent hearing loss after HC death. Here, we used in vitro RNA-sequencing to show that the Hippo signaling pathway is involved in HC damage and self-repair processes. Turning off Hippo signaling through Mst1/2 inhibition or Yap overexpression induces YAP nuclear accumulation, especially in supporting cells, which induces supernumerary HC production and HC regeneration after injury. Mechanistically, these effects of Hippo signaling work synergistically with the Notch pathway. Importantly, the supernumerary HCs not only express HC markers, but also have cilia structures that are able to form neural connections to auditory regions in vivo. Taken together, regulating Hippo suggests new strategies for promoting cochlear supporting cell proliferation, HC regeneration, and reconnection with neurons in mammals.
Real-time robust generalized dynamic inversion based optimization control for coupled twin rotor MIMO system
Authors: Abbas Nadir , Pan Xuejun , Raheem Abdur , Shakoor Rabia , Arfeen Zeeshan Ahmad , Rashid Muhammad , Umer Farhana , Safdar Nouman , Liu Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

This work is used to design a novel robust optimization control law augmented with Robust Generalized Dynamic Inversion (RGDI) for continuous varying perturbations in the Twin Rotor MIMO System (TRMS). The perturbations like coupling effect, un-known states, gyroscopic disturbance torque, parametric uncertainties and parametric disturbances are considered as unwanted signal which should be optimized by an efficient controller. The variable structured systems like the TRMS (prototype) have great focus due to its high computational cost with a higher order non-linear behavior. The RGDI based controller designed to remove nonlinear dynamics as well as to avoid singularity issue with the augmentation of stability based mathematical operations (lyapunov stability analysis, controllability and observability matrices ) in the presence of considered perturbations during implementation. In this paper, we develop estimation of state deviation calculation between control angles and desired angles known as Euclidean error norm. The next step was to design RGDI based controller [Sliding Mode Control (SMC) and $${H_\infty }$$

H
∞

optimization] to minimize considered perturbations as well as the computational cost. The sharp (rapid) chattering phenomena in RGDI based SMC reduce the actuators performance that goes towards the failure of actuators. While the RGDI based $${H_\infty }$$

H
∞

optimization overcome the computational cost and minimizes $${H_\infty }$$

H
∞

norm that’s guaranteeing the robust stability as well as robust performance. The robustness of the optimization control technique validated by taking its worst case via MATLAB-Simulation. A real-time implementation applied to evaluate the worth of novel dynamic approach.
Weather impacts on interactions between nesting birds, nest-dwelling ectoparasites and ants
Authors: Maziarz Marta , Broughton Richard K. , Chylarecki Przemysław , Hebda Grzegorz
Published: October 2022

Weather has a dominant impact on organisms, including their life histories and interspecific interactions. Yet, for nesting birds, and the arthropods inhabiting bird nests, the direct and cascading effects of weather are poorly known. We explored the influence of ambient temperatures and rainfall on the cohabitation of dome-shaped bird nests by Wood WarblersPhylloscopus sibilatrix, their blowflyProtocalliphora azureaectoparasites, and predatoryMyrmicaandLasiusants that may provide nest sanitation. We sampled blowflies and ants in 129 nests, and measured warbler nestlings during 2018–2020 in the primeval Białowieża Forest, eastern Poland. The probability of ectoparasites occurring in nests increased with increasing ambient temperatures and declining precipitation in the early nestling stage, when adult blowflies are ovipositing. Where present, the number of ectoparasites was greater if higher ambient temperatures had prevailed in the late nestling stage, but only when ants were absent from nests. However, the nestling growth was unrelated to ectoparasite abundance or ant presence within bird nests, although it was lower at high rainfall. The results suggest that weather can have conflicting impacts on interactions between nesting birds and nest-dwelling arthropods, but birds can mostly compensate for any related costs in old-growth forest, where food is generally abundant.
The effect of fatigue on electromechanical response times in basketball players with and without persistent low back pain
Authors: Abdollahi Sajjad , Sheikhhoseini Rahman , Roostayi Mohammad Mohsen , Huddleston Wendy E.
Published: October 2022

Typically, athletes alter movement mechanics in the presence of back pain, but the effect of these changes on lower extremity injury risk is not well understood. This study aimed to compare the effect of fatigue on electromechanical response times during a choice reaction task in basketball players with and without persistent low back pain. Twenty-four male basketball players participated. Total reaction time (TRT), premotor time (PMT), and electromechanical delay (EMD data were recorded before and after fatigue. The chronic low back pain (CLBP) group had significantly longer EMD in Med gastrocnemius (p = 0.001) and Tibialis anterior (p = 0.001), and shorter EMD in Vastus Lateralis (p = 0.001), Vastus Medialis Oblique (p = 0.003), and Semitendinosus (p = 0.025) muscles after fatigue. PMT in the CLBP group had longer than the Non-CLBP in Vastus Lateralis (p = 0.010), Vastus Medialis Oblique (p = 0.017), Semitendinosus (p = 0.002). Also, TRT was longer in knee flexion (p = 0.001) and ankle plantarflexion (p = 0.001) muscle groups. The different effects of fatigue on electromechanical response times of the knee and ankle in people with CLBP may represent the effect of an axial injury on lower extremity injury risk factors in situations of higher cognitive load, similar to competitive play.
Regular and irregular astigmatism of bullous keratopathy using Fourier harmonic analysis with anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Chen Lily Wei , Ono Takashi , Hashimoto Yumi , Tsuneya Miki , Abe Yuito , Omoto Takashi , Taketani Yukako , Toyono Tetsuya , Aihara Makoto , Miyai Takashi
Published: October 2022

Bullous keratopathy (BK) is known to present with corneal edema and Descemet's folds, which can cause corneal astigmatism. However, no report quantitatively evaluated BK astigmatism by separating it into regular and irregular astigmatism. This study investigated the regular and irregular astigmatism of the anterior and posterior corneal surface with Fourier harmonic analysis and anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Preoperative data from 43 eyes of 41 BK patients who received corneal endothelial transplantation were compared with the data from 43 eyes of 43 subjects without corneal disease. Anterior and posterior cylinder power, central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest corneal thickness were significantly greater in BK. With Fourier harmonic analysis, BK eyes were found to have significantly larger anterior and posterior regular astigmatism, asymmetry component and higher-order irregularity. Asymmetry component and higher-order irregularity that accounted for the posterior irregular astigmatism increased as CCT increased in BK. Higher-order irregularity in the posterior cornea also positively correlated with worsening best corrected visual acuity. Subgroup analysis found significant correlations between CCT and posterior higher-order irregularity for intraocular surgery and laser iridotomy, but not Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. This study has significance in that it revealed the characteristics of the corneal posterior irregular astigmatism of BK.
Piercing and sucking mouth parts sensilla of irradiated mosquito, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) with gamma radiation
Authors: Zahran Nagwan , Sawires Sameh , Hamza Ali
Published: October 2022

Morphology, distribution and function of the sensilla associated with mouthparts of female mosquito, Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) were studied by using the scanning electron microscope. The female mosquito mouthpart is a piercing and sucking type and carrying many sensory organs which plays major role in host seeking, and oviposition behaviour of mosquitoes. Six types of mouthpart sensilla have been identified and described, Sensilla trichoidea, chaetica, basiconica, Capitate peg, campaniformia and squamiformia. Females mosquito were irradiated as pupae with 20, 40 and 80 Gy of gamma radiation to investigate their effect on mouthparts sensilla. Dose of 20 Gy had slight effect on the different types of the sensilla as compared with the control. Features of malformation observed in the maxillary palp segments at this radiation dose include falling of some scales (sensilla squamiformia) at certain parts of the 1st segment leaving vacuoles. At 40 Gy, the maxillary palp segments were liquefied in some areas leaving undistinguished shape. At the highest dose 80 Gy, the tip of labial palps had many tears and showed were most affected, especially, at the trichoid, basiconic and chateica sensilla. All these malformations may lead the mosquitoes to not reaching the host, impeding their ability to transmit diseases or killing the mosquitoes, and this is the main objective of this study.
Engineering of HIV-1 neutralizing antibody CAP256V2LS for manufacturability and improved half life
Authors: Zhang Baoshan , Gollapudi Deepika , Gorman Jason , O’Dell Sijy , Damron Leland F. , McKee Krisha , Asokan Mangaiarkarasi , Yang Eun Sung , Pegu Amarendra , Lin Bob C. , Chao Cara W. , Chen Xuejun , Gama Lucio , Ivleva Vera B. , Law William H. , Liu Cuiping , Louder Mark K. , Schmidt Stephen D. , Shen Chen-Hsiang , Shi Wei , Stein Judith A. , Seaman Michael S. , McDermott Adrian B. , Carlton Kevin , Mascola John R. , Kwong Peter D. , Lei Q. Paula , Doria-Rose Nicole A.
Published: October 2022

The broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) CAP256-VRC26.25 has exceptional potency against HIV-1 and has been considered for clinical use. During the characterization and production of this bNAb, we observed several unusual features. First, the antibody appeared to adhere to pipette tips, requiring tips to be changed during serial dilution to accurately measure potency. Second, during production scale-up, proteolytic cleavage was discovered to target an extended heavy chain loop, which was attributed to a protease in spent medium from 2-week culture. To enable large scale production, we altered the site of cleavage via a single amino acid change, K100mA. The resultant antibody retained potency and breadth while avoiding protease cleavage. We also added the half-life extending mutation LS, which improved the in vivo persistence in animal models, but did not impact neutralization activity; we observed the same preservation of neutralization for bNAbs VRC01, N6, and PGDM1400 with LS on a 208-virus panel. The final engineered antibody, CAP256V2LS, retained the extraordinary neutralization potency of the parental antibody, had a favorable pharmacokinetic profile in animal models, and was negative in in vitro assessment of autoreactivity. CAP256V2LS has the requisite potency, developability and suitability for scale-up, allowing its advancement as a clinical candidate.
First hepatitis E outbreak in Southeastern Senegal
Authors: Sadio Bacary Djilocalisse , Faye Martin , Kaiser Marco , Diarra Maryam , Balique Fanny , Diagne Cheikh Tidiane , Faye Oumar , Diagne Moussa Moïse , Fall Gamou , Ndiaye Oumar , Loucoubar Cheikh , Sow Abdourahmane , Faye Ousmane , Faye Adama , Boye Cheikh Saad Bouh , Sall Amadou Alpha
Published: October 2022

The Rapid proliferation of traditional gold mining sites in the Kedougou region has led to massive migration of people from neighbouring West African countries and the establishment of several small villages where poor hygiene and sanitation conditions exist. In this context, a Hepatitis E virus outbreak was reported in Kedougou in 2014 with several cases among the traditional mining workers. Herein, we described epidemiological and laboratory data collected during the outbreak’s investigation from February 2012 to November 2014. Any suspected, contact or probable case was investigated, clinical and epidemiological data were collected. In our study, sera were collected and tested for viral RNA and anti-Hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgM. Archived serum samples from Kedougou were retrospectively screened by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 65 water samples collected from ponds and wells surrounding gold panners' sites and habitats and 75 tissues samples from rats captured in the environment of traditional gold mining sites were also tested. A total of 1617 sera were collected from 698 suspected cases, 862 contacts and 57 persons with missing information. The median age was 20 (1–88 years-old) and the sex ratio was 1.72. An overall rate of 64.62% (1045/1617) of these patients tested positive for HEV with a high case fatality rate in pregnant women. All water samples and animal tissues tested negative for HEV. Our data help not only determining of the beginning of the HEV outbreak to March 2012, but also identifying risk factors associated to its emergence. However, there is a need to implement routine diagnosis, surveillance and training of health personnel in order to reduce mortality especially among pregnant women. In addition, further studies are needed to identify the virus reservoir and environmental risk factors for HEV in the Kedougou region.
Co-alterations of circadian clock gene transcripts in human placenta in preeclampsia
Authors: Zhou Guoli , Winn Emily , Nguyen Duong , Kasten Eric P. , Petroff Margaret G. , Hoffmann Hanne M.
Published: October 2022

Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive condition that occurs during pregnancy and complicates up to 4% of pregnancies. PE exhibits several circadian-related characteristics, and the placenta possesses a functioning molecular clock. We examined the associations of 17 core circadian gene transcripts in placenta with PE vs. non-PE (a mixture of pregnant women with term, preterm, small-for-gestational-age, or chorioamnionitis) using two independent gene expression datasets: GSE75010-157 (80 PE vs. 77 non-PE) and GSE75010-173 (77 PE and 96 non-PE). We found a robust difference in circadian gene expression between PE and non-PE across the two datasets, where CRY1 mRNA increases and NR1D2 and PER3 transcripts decrease in PE placenta. Gene set variation analysis revealed an interplay between co-alterations of circadian clock genes and PE with altered hypoxia, cell migration/invasion, autophagy, and membrane trafficking pathways. Using human placental trophoblast HTR-8 cells, we show that CRY1/2 and NR1D1/2 regulate trophoblast migration. A subgroup study including only term samples demonstrated that CLOCK, NR1D2, and PER3 transcripts were simultaneously decreased in PE placenta, a finding supported by CLOCK protein downregulation in an independent cohort of human term PE placenta samples. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of the molecular clock in the pathogenesis of PE.
The impact of self-reported sensory impairment on cognitive function using the Korean longitudinal study of aging survey data
Authors: Joo Hye Jin , Joo Jae Hong , Kim Seung Hoon , Kwon Junhyun , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: October 2022

Recent studies suggest that sensory impairment is related to cognitive function at older ages. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of sensory impairment on cognitive function in the Korean population. We used the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging data from 2006 to 2018. Cognitive function was measured by the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. A score < 24 at the time of assessment was defined as cognitive impairment. Sensory impairment was assessed according to the self-reported levels of hearing or vision, and the development of sensory impairment was investigated using records of prior survey. We used the generalized estimating equation model to determine association between cognitive function and sensory impairment. A total of 4844 participants (age range: 47–95 years; mean age: 58) were included in the study. Compared to people without sensory impairment, people with a single sensory impairment of hearing or vision had a higher risk of cognitive impairment (odds ratio (OR) = 1.65 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.49–1.82]). People with dual sensory impairment had the greatest risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 3.23 [95% CI, 2.52–4.12]). The findings suggested the need for timely assessment of sensory function in older persons, which may be useful in identifying individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.
The association between altitude and serum folate levels in Tibetan adults on the Tibetan plateau
Authors: Yao Shaoli , Chen Xiwen , Zhou Yao , Xu Li , Zhang Qi , Bao Shimin , Feng Huiru , Ge Weihong
Published: October 2022

This study investigated the relationship between residence altitude and serum folate levels in healthy Tibetans living on the Tibetan Plateau. Participants were selected from those who underwent physical examinations at our health center between November 2019 and February 2020. Demographic characteristics and medical histories were collected, and fasting blood was tested for serum folate and other hematological indicators. The relationship between altitude and serum folate levels was analyzed using a multivariable linear regression model. Serum folate levels were associated with altitude (β = − 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.71; − 0.16), hemoglobin (β = − 0.01; 95% CI − 0.03; − 0.00), red blood cells (β = − 0.72; 95% CI − 1.18; − 0.27), hematocrit (β = − 0.07; 95% CI − 0.12; − 0.02), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 2.67; 95% CI 1.35; 3.98), and sex (β = 0.68; 95% CI 0.12; 1.23). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that altitude was negatively associated with serum folate levels. After adjusting for confounding factors, serum folate levels decreased by 0.33 ng/mL per each 500-m increase in altitude (β = − 0.33; 95% CI − 0.6; − 0.05; P = 0.022). Altitude was negatively associated with serum folate levels in Tibetan adults. The relationship between altitude and folate levels should be further explored in populations of different races and disease states. Further large-scale prospective studies should illustrate the causality of this relationship.
A perspective on life-cycle health technology assessment and real-world evidence for precision oncology in Canada
Authors: Regier Dean A. , Pollard Samantha , McPhail Melanie , Bubela Tania , Hanna Timothy P. , Ho Cheryl , Lim Howard J. , Chan Kelvin , Peacock Stuart J. , Weymann Deirdre
Published: October 2022

Health technology assessment (HTA) can be used to make healthcare systems more equitable and efficient. Advances in precision oncology are challenging conventional thinking about HTA. Precision oncology advances are rapid, involve small patient groups, and are frequently evaluated without a randomized comparison group. In light of these challenges, mechanisms to manage precision oncology uncertainties are critical. We propose a life-cycle HTA framework and outline supporting criteria to manage uncertainties based on real world data collected from learning healthcare systems. If appropriately designed, we argue that life-cycle HTA is the driver of real world evidence generation and furthers our understanding of comparative effectiveness and value. We conclude that life-cycle HTA deliberation processes must be embedded into healthcare systems for an agile response to the constantly changing landscape of precision oncology innovation. We encourage further research outlining the core requirements, infrastructure, and checklists needed to achieve the goal of learning healthcare supporting life-cycle HTA.
Correction: New insights into the role of solution additive anions in Mg2+ dehydration: implications for mineral carbonation
Authors: Toroz Dimitrios , Song Fu , Chass Gregory A. , Di Tommaso Devis
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘New insights into the role of solution additive anions in Mg2+ dehydration: implications for mineral carbonation’ by Dimitrios Toroz et al., CrystEngComm, 2021, 23, 4896–4900, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CE00052G.
Insights into the binding of arginine to adenosine phosphate from mimetic complexes
Authors: Avilés-Moreno Juan Ramón , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Martínez-Haya Bruno
Published: October 2022

The recognition of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by arginine-rich proteins is conditioned by the competitive binding of the guanidinium side group with metal cations, as derived from vibrational spectroscopy and modelling of mimetic complexes.
Correction: Computational investigation of the increased virulence and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7
Authors: Murugan N. Arul , Javali Prashanth S. , Pandianb Chitra Jeyaraj , Ali Muhammad Akhtar , Srivastava Vaibhav , Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Computational investigation of the increased virulence and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7’ by N. Arul Murugan et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 20371–20380, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP00469K.
Peptide-based chemical models for lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases
Authors: Hassoon Azza A. , Szorcsik Attila , Fülöp Lívia , Papp Zita I. , May Nóra V. , Gajda Tamás
Published: October 2022

The Cu(ii)–HPH-NH2 and Cu(ii)–HPHPY-NH2 systems were proved to be relevant functional models of LPMOs, even at neutral pH.
COVID-19 mitigation: nanotechnological intervention, perspective, and future scope
Authors: Adhikari Arpita , Mandal Dibyakanti , Rana Dipak , Nath Jyotishka , Bose Aparajita , Sonika  , Orasugh Jonathan Tersur , De Sriparna , Chattopadhyay Dipankar
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 infections and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have caused an unprecedented health crisis across the globe with numerous deaths, as well as causing a tremendous economic crash worldwide.
Spray drying construction of hierarchical hollow ZnMn2O4 folded microspheres as anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Yamin , Xu Senyang , Wang Yuyan , Hou Linrui , Yuan Changzhou
Published: October 2022

Scalable hierarchical hollow ZnMn2O4 folded microspheres are fabricated with a spray-drying strategy, and exhibit superb electrochemical Li-storage properties thanks to their unique structural merits.
Surface-passivated Cu conductors for high-temperature sulfurous environments
Authors: Li Zheng , Yu Jian , Khuje Saurabh , Sheng Aaron , Navarro Marieross , Zhuang Cheng-Gang , Ren Shenqiang
Published: October 2022

Surface passivation of printed Cu-based conductors imparts corrosion resistance under high-temperature sulfurous atmosphere.
Construction of hydrophilic covalent organic frameworks and their fast and efficient adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solution
Authors: Zheng Wang , Li Anran , Wang Xiuwen , Li Zhigang , Zhao Bing , Wang Liyan , Kan Wei , Sun Li , Qi Xin
Published: October 2022

TFPB-Pa-SO3H COF and TFPB-BDSA COF were synthesized and showed fast adsorption of MLB (1 and 2 min) and high adsorption uptakes of CV (1559 and 1288 mg g−1). TFPB-Pa-SO3H COF as adsorbing material was used for the removal of dye molecules in real water samples.
Syntheses and characterization of two new layered ternary chalcogenides NaScQ2 (Q = Se and Te)
Authors: Panigrahi Gopabandhu , Yadav Sweta , Jana Subhendu , Ghosh Arghya , Niranjan Manish K. , Prakash Jai
Published: October 2022

Two new metal ternary chalcogenides, NaScSe2 and NaScTe2, have been synthesized via high-temperature reaction.
ortho-Nitro-substituted diaryliodonium salts enabled regioselective cyclization of arylcarboxylic acids toward 3,4-naphthocoumarins
Authors: Liu Xu , Wang Limin , Han Jianwei
Published: October 2022

We herein report an efficient regioselective cascade of arylation and cyclization of arylcarboxylic acids via Pd(ii)-activation of both C–I and vicinal C–NO2 bonds of ortho-nitro-substituted diaryliodonium salts.
Enhancing internal electric field by Zn2+ doping for promoting bulk-charge separation and improving visible photocatalytic activity of Bi2YO4Cl
Authors: Peng Yuehong , Peng Jincai , Xu Liang , Lin Kai , Wang Qi , Yin Zhaoyi , Han Jin , Qiu Jianbei , Yang Zhengwen , Song Zhiguo , Li Yongjin
Published: October 2022

New strategy to enhance the internal electric field by interlayer doping of Zn2+ for promoting bulk-charge separation and improving the visible photocatalytic activity of layered Bi2YO4Cl semiconductors.
Microwave-assisted multicomponent synthesis of antiproliferative 2,4-dimethoxy-tetrahydropyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-6(7H)-ones
Authors: Patel Subham G. , González-Bakker Aday , Vala Ruturajsinh M. , Patel Paras J. , Puerta Adrián , Malik Apoorva , Sharma Rakesh K. , Padrón José M. , Patel Hitendra M.
Published: October 2022

Herein, we demonstrate a simple, rapid and green synthesis of 2,4-dimethoxy-THPQs under microwave irradiation and their antiproliferative activity, in silico ADMET and drug-likeness studies were carried out.
A signal-on electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for A2780 cell detection based on the excellent catalytic performance of Co2+ doped TiO2 nanodisks
Authors: Zhang Shupei , Huang Yitian , Chen Yanjie , Yan Shanshan , Dai Hong , Zhao Junhua
Published: October 2022

A selective and sensitive A2780 cell analysis platform was established.
Interface enables faster surface reconstruction in a heterostructured Co–Ni–S electrocatalyst towards efficient urea oxidation
Authors: Xu Ziyuan , Chen Qiao , Chen Qingxi , Wang Pan , Wang Jiaxuan , Guo Chang , Qiu Xueyuan , Han Xiao , Hao Jianhua
Published: October 2022

The electrocatalytic urea oxidation reaction (UOR) can be utilized as an alternative anodic reaction for water electrolysis to provide more economic electrons and high-efficiency H2 production.
Breaking scaling relations in nitric oxide reduction by surface functionalization of MXenes
Authors: Zhao Shihui , Li Ying , Guo Zhonglu , Tang Chengchun , Sa Baisheng , Miao Naihua , Zhou Jian , Sun Zhimei
Published: October 2022

A design principle was proposed to break the linear scaling relationships of key intermediates in the NORR for promoted reaction thermodynamics via modifying the surface functionalization of MXenes.
Oral fullerene tablets for colorectal cancer therapy based on modulation of tumor inflammatory microenvironments
Authors: Cao Xinran , Zhen Mingming , Li Lei , Wu Zhanfeng , Zhou Chen , Huo Jiawei , Su Shenge , Xu Yuan , Jia Wang , Liao Xiaodan , Sun Zihao , Li Hui , Wang Chunru
Published: October 2022

The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) are highly dependent on the long-term inflammatory microenvironment with immune dysregulation in the colorectum.
GE11 peptide-decorated acidity-responsive micelles for improved drug delivery and enhanced combination therapy of metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Guo Zhihao , Sui Junhui , Li Yumei , Wei Qinchuan , Wei Cailing , Xiu Linyun , Zhu Ruohua , Sun Yong , Hu Jianshe , Li Ji-Liang
Published: October 2022

GE11-decorated polycarbonate-DOX conjugate micelles enhance tumor-targeted drug delivery and precisely controlled release, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.
Effect of fullerene on the anisotropy, domain size and relaxation of a perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/C60/Pt system
Authors: Sharangi Purbasha , Mukhopadhyaya Aritra , Mallik Srijani , Pandey Esita , Ojha Brindaban , Ali Md. Ehesan , Bedanta Subhankar
Published: October 2022

(a) Spinterface formation on a single C60 unit. The surface cobalt atom Co2 is bonded to the C2 carbon atom of C60. (b)- (e) Domain images near the coercive field for samples Pt/Co/C60/Pt having C60 thickness 0, 0.5, 1.6 and 3.2 nm, respectively.
Water-soluble Cit-NaYbF4:Tm3+with enhanced 802 nm emission by Sr2+ion doping forin vivofluorescence molecular tomography
Authors: Luo Xiaoli , Chen Qichen , Guo Hongbo , Chen Cheng , Ren Qianqian , Zhang Heng , He Xiaowei , Zhao Wu
Published: October 2022

The NIR emission intensity of sample NaYbF4:2%Tm3+/5%Sr2+at 802 nm increases by 35.4 times with Sr2+ion doping. The FMT 3D reconstruction results show that the UCNPs have excellent FMT quality and will promote the clinical translation of FMT.
Quantized energy harvesting in vibrating maglev graphite driven by terahertz waves
Authors: Shen Shen , Xu Yanli , Liu Chao , Liu Wenjing , Liu Jiangtao , Wu Zhenhua
Published: October 2022

The amplitude exhibits quantization characteristics with the change in terahertz energy, and the inset shows a schematic diagram of graphite magnetic levitation and a diagram of light absorption and force variation.
Solution-processable star-shaped small molecules for efficient organic RRAM by induced conductive filament mechanism
Authors: Yao Lingling , Cheng Xiaozhe , Xia Weizhen , Zhao Liang , Dou Zhitao , Xue Haibin , Lian Hong , Qu Yongquan , Dong Qingchen
Published: October 2022

Highly efficient RRAM based on the star-shaped small molecules is achieved by induced conductive filaments.
Photo-responsive liquid crystalline polymer from a renewable furfural derivative of dimethyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate via catalytic carbonylative esterification
Authors: Wang Tian , Zhu Jinlian , Zhang Kaiwei , Wang Jing , Liao Yonggui , Yin Guochuan , Xie Xiaolin
Published: October 2022

A main chain liquid crystalline polymer has been prepared via melting polycondensation of a bifunctionalized furan monomer (DMFD) from inedible biomass with a photo-responsive azobenzene unit, which can be used in information storage.
FAD-deficient P187S mutation of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1*2) binds and accelerates β-amyloid aggregation
Authors: Panja Sudipta , Siegel David , Camandola Simonetta , de Cabo Rafael , Ross David , Mallela Krishna M.G.
Published: October 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most prominent neurodegenerative diseases. Results from animal and cellular models suggest that FAD-deficient forms of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) may accelerate the aggregation of Alzheimer’s amyloid-β peptide (Aβ1-42). Here, we examined in vitro whether NQO1 and its FAD-deficient P187S mutation (NQO1*2) directly interact with Aβ1-42 and modify its rate of aggregation. When monitored using the fluorescence of either noncovalent thioflavin T (ThT) or HiLyte Fluor 647 (HF647) dye covalently attached to the Aβ1-42 peptide, the aggregation kinetics of Aβ1-42 were markedly more rapid in the presence of NQO1*2 than the wild-type (WT) NQO1. Experiments using apo-NQO1 indicate that this increase is linked to the inability of NQO1*2 to bind to FAD. Furthermore, dicoumarol, an NQO1 inhibitor that binds near the FAD-binding site and stabilizes NQO1*2, markedly decreased the aggregation kinetics of Aβ1-42. Imaging flow cytometry confirmed in-vitro coaggregation of NQO1 isoforms and Aβ1-42. Aβ1-42 alone forms rod-shaped fibril structures while in the presence of NQO1 isoforms, Aβ1-42 is incorporated in the middle of larger globular protein aggregates surrounded by NQO1 molecules. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) analysis indicates that Aβ1-42 interacts with NQO1 isoforms with a specific stoichiometry through a hydrophobic interaction with positive enthalpy and entropy changes. These data define the kinetics, mechanism, and shape of coaggregates of Aβ1-42 and NQO1 isoforms and the potential relevance of FAD-deficient forms of NQO1 for amyloid aggregation diseases.
Transcriptional plasticity of fibroblasts in heart disease
Authors: Micheletti Rudi , Alexanian Michael
Published: October 2022

Cardiac fibroblasts play an essential role in maintaining the structural framework of the heart. Upon stress, fibroblasts undergo a cell state transition to activated fibroblasts (also referred to as myofibroblasts), a highly synthetic cell type that proliferates, migrates, and secrets both extracellular matrix as well as signaling factors that can modulate cellular crosstalk [J. Clin. Invest. 132, e148554]. Activated fibroblasts are critical regulators of cardiac wound healing after injury, but their excessive and persistent activation promote tissue fibrosis, a hallmark feature of the pathological remodeling of the heart. While much of the previous work in cardiac fibroblast biology has focused on the role of canonical signaling pathways or components of the extracellular matrix, recent efforts have been focused on deciphering the gene regulatory principles governing fibroblast activation. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that trigger and sustain the fibrotic process in heart disease has the potential to accelerate the development of therapies that specifically target the cardiac activated fibroblasts, which are at the moment unavailable. This concise review focuses on the mechanisms underlying the chromatin and transcriptional regulation of cardiac fibroblast activation. We discuss recent work from our group and others in this space, highlighting the application of single-cell genomics in the characterization of fibroblast function and diversity, and provide an overview on the prospects of targeting cardiac fibroblasts in heart disease and the associated challenges.
Oxygen line in fireball spectra and its application to satellite observations
Authors: Vojáček V. , Borovička J. , Spurný P.
Published: October 2022

Aims. Lightning mapper sensors on board weather satellites can be successfully used to observe fireballs. These sensors use a very narrow spectral band at 777 nm, which is only a small fraction of the total fireball radiation. In this spectral band, the oxygen O I-1 triplet is dominant for fast meteors and the Planck continuum can prevail in slow meteors. It is possible to estimate the meteor brightness in the visible spectral range from this narrowband radiation, but it is vital to first study the dependence of this radiation on the meteor velocity.

Methods. We used observations from the well-established European Fireball Network with newly developed digital spectral cameras that allowed us to study the oxygen triplet in meteor spectra and its relation to the meteor velocity and altitude. In addition, we studied strong magnesium and sodium lines.

Results. We developed a method for calibration of fireball observation reported by Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) sensors on board the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) weather satellites. We confirm that in slow meteors, the radiation of the Planck continuum dominates, but for faster meteors, a correction on velocity is needed. We observe that the altitude where the oxygen line was recorded can also affect the radiation at 777 nm. In addition, determining whether or not the meteor showed a bright flare could also lead to a similar effect. Thus, the meteor brightness estimate may be impacted by these characteristics. We derived simple corrections on the altitude and on the meteor brightness that helped to improve the overall precision of the magnitude estimate of our sample. This allowed us to estimate the magnitude of meteors observed by GLM with an accuracy of ≈1 in magnitude. The Na/Mg line intensity ratio was found to be constant for velocities above 25 km s−1 and increasing toward lower velocities.
Three new species of Pseudorhabdosynochus (Monogenea, Diplectanidae) from several species of Cephalopholis and Epinephelus (Perciformes, Serranidae) from Thailand
Authors: Saengpheng Chompunooch , Purivirojkul Watchariya
Published: October 2022

Pseudorhabdosynochus suratthaniensis n. sp. is described from the gills of Cephalopholis argus; P. cephalopholi n. sp., from the gills of C. sonnerati; and P. samaesarnensis n. sp., from the gills of Epinephelus lanceolatus. These fish were all caught in the Gulf of Thailand. Pseudorhabdosynochus suratthaniensis n. sp. is distinguished from congeneric species by the structure of its sclerotized vagina, which has a wide sclerotized trumpet and a single large primary chamber, and by the number of rows of rodlets in each of its squamodiscs. Pseudorhabdosynochus cephalopholi n. sp. is also distinguished by the structure of its sclerotized vagina that, like the P. suratthaniensis n. sp., has a sclerotized trumpet, but it also has a long coiled or curved primary canal near its midlength, and a distal part with a primary chamber and a secondary chamber communicating with the primary chamber through a short secondary canal. In addition, P. cephalopholi n. sp. is distinguished by some sclerotized organs (ventral and dorsal hamuli, ventral bar, and quadriloculate organ) with different lengths, and by the number of rows of rodlets in each of its squamodiscs. Pseudorhabdosynochus samaesarnensis n. sp. is distinguished by its sclerotized vagina that has an anterior cup-shaped trumpet and a short straight or curved primary canal. For Thailand, these are the first species of Pseudorhabdosynochus described from species of Cephalopholis and the second species of Pseudorhabdosynochus described from Epinephelus.
Teenage Pregnancies in Austria – an Epidemiological Study on Prevalence and Perinatal Outcome
Authors: Lastinger Julia , Enengl Sabine , Neururer Sabrina , Leitner Hermann , Oppelt Peter , Stelzl Patrick
Published: October 2022

Introduction Even though teenage pregnancy rates have been declining in the last decades, their global prevalence is still high and shows country-specific discrepancies. Insufficient
sexual education, poor availability of contraceptives and early marriage are some of the multifactorial causes for adolescent pregnancies. Very often teenage pregnancies are classified as
high-risk pregnancies. Studies have found higher rates of peripartal complications, such as preterm birth, low birth weight or low fetal Apgar-Scores. The aim of this retrospective cohort
study is to evaluate the prevalence of teenage pregnancies in Austria and to identify principal differences in maternal and neonatal outcome.

Material and methods Data were collected from the Austrian Birth Registry between 01/2012 and 12/2020. A total of 751661 deliveries in Austria were documented. Obstetric, maternal
and neonatal parameters were descriptively analyzed. Mothers were subclassified into two age groups: teenage mothers of 19 years and younger and adult mothers of 20 to 39 years of age.

Results Newborns of teenage mothers were significantly smaller (49.98 ± 3.11 vs. 50.31 ± 3.16 cm, p < 0.001) and had a lower birth weight (3216 ± 564 vs. 3247 ± 576 g, p <
0.001) than newborns of adult mothers. The percentage of caesarean deliveries in the teenage group was significantly lower than in adult mothers (21.1 vs. 31.8%, p < 0.001). Newborns of
teenage mothers had significantly higher rates of very low (< 4) and low (< 7) 5-minute Apgar scores (5-minute Apgar < 4: 0.75 vs. 0.54%, p = 0.004) (5-minute Apgar < 7: 1.77 vs.
1.37%, p = 0.001) and significantly lower arterial umbilical-cord pH (7.25 ± 0.08 vs. 7.26 ± 0.08, p < 0.001). Perinatal mortality was higher in the age group below 20 years (0.7 vs.
0.6%, p = 0.043).

Conclusion The data of this study show significantly poorer outcomes in pregnancies of teenagers compared to adult women, even though the healthcare system in Austria is considered
excellent. Future guideline recommendations should focus on important aspects of obstetric care in teenage mothers.