bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A mídia incitando estilos de vida saudáveis: uma análise do quadro “medida certa” do programa Fantástico
Authors: Bortolazzo Sandro Faccin , Machado Roseli Belmonte
Published: July 2023

Este artigo analisa como certas práticas disseminadas pelos aparatos midiáticos têm atuado na produção de saberes a respeito do corpo e da saúde. Na análise desenvolvida, utilizamos como material empírico um quadro televisivo – veiculado pelo programa Fantástico da Rede Globo – intitulado de “Medida Certa”. Assim, o que propomos problematizar é como o acionamento de certos recursos tais como a fala de especialistas na área da saúde, o uso de personalidades conhecidas, entre outros, acaba produzindo “verdades” sobre a nossa sociedade e pautando a adoção de estilos de vida saudáveis. Esses discursos ao mesmo tempo em que estimulam os sujeitos a se tornarem ativos e saudáveis, também os responsabilizam pelos cuidados com a própria saúde. A partir da análise do programa televisivo, foi possível perceber como determinados saberes acerca dos investimentos em si e da responsabilização dos sujeitos pelos cuidados com o seu corpo têm atuado como prática pedagógica na medida em que nos ensinam modos de ser saudável. Além disso, o estudo coloca em evidência a questão da saúde como um produto do mercado, ou seja, na intersecção de várias estratégias, o programa conduz os sujeitos a atuarem como gerenciadores de um estilo de vida saudável.
Diyarbakır’da Klinik Olarak Sağlıklı Atlarda Oküler Bakteriyel ve Fungal Flora
Authors: ÇATALKAYA Emine , KARACAN SEVER Nurdan
Published: July 2023

Oküler flora atın yaşadığı ortam, iklim, coğrafya vb. birçok etkenden etkilenebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacını Diyarbakır Hipodromunda yarış koşan ve hipodroma yakın çiftliklerde yarış koşmayan sağlıklı yarış atlarında bakteriyel ve fungal oküler florayı belirlemek ve belirlenen bakteri ve mantar türlerini tanımlamak amaçlandı. Çalışma grubunu değişik yaş ve cinsiyette Diyarbakır Hipodromunda bulunan yarış koşan 28 ve hipodrom yakınlarındaki çiftliklerde yarış koşmayan 28 safkan Arap ve İngiliz atına ait 112 sağlıklı göz oluşturdu. Sağlıklı gözlerin medial kantusundan steril swaplarla sürüntü alınarak soğuk zincirde Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarına ulaştırılarak konjunktival florada bulunan bakteri ve fungal etkenlerin izolasyonu ve identifikasyonu yapıldı. Hipodrom grubundaki atlarda bakteriyolojik üreme oranının %94.64, fungal üremenin ise %28.57 olduğu, çiftlik grubundaki atlarda bakteriyolojik üremenin %100, fungal üremenin ise %14.29 olduğu tespit edildi. Değerlendirilen konjunktival svap örneklerinin izole ve identifiye edilen bakterilerin hipodrom grubunda %87.79’unun Gram pozitif, %12.21’inin Gram negatif, çiftlik grubunda ise %82.56’sının Gram pozitif, %17.43’ünün de Gram negatif olduğu belirlendi. Her iki grupta da mikrofloranın büyük çoğunluğunu Staphylococcus spp. tarafından oluştuğu görüldü. Sonuç olarak, atlarda belirli aralıklarla konjunktival floranın belirlenmesinin olası bir kornea veya göz hasarında izlenecek tedavinin belirlenmesine yardımcı olacağı; ayrıca erken müdahale ile kornea hasarına bağlı görme kayıplarının önüne geçilebileceği düşünülmektedir.
The Sertoli Cell and Blood-Testis Barrier
Authors: ALESAWİ Yahya Abood Kareem , ERGÜN Emel
Published: July 2023

The Sertoli cell is a critical somatic cell that initiates the development of testicular morphology and determines important parameters for spermatogenic function. The blood-testis barrier, also known as the Sertoli cell barrier and one of the tightest tissue barriers in the mammalian body, is an immunological barrier to separate post meiotic germ cell antigens from the systemic circulation. Additionally, creating a unique microenvironment for the development of spermatocytes that exceed into the adluminal compartment from the leptotene stage. It restricts the passage of substances such as paracrine factors, electrolytes, hormones, water, and biological molecules to the apical part of the seminiferous tubule. It separates spermatogenic cells from toxic and drug-containing environmentally harmful substances, hormones, and biomolecules in the systemic circulation. This nearly impenetrable barrier prevents proteins, including antibodies, from reaching the spermatogenic cells. It also prevents protein leakage from developing spermatogenic cells and forming an immune response. This review explains Sertoli's functional properties, the testis barrier's molecular structure, the substances involved in the barrier dynamics, and their importance in realizing spermatogenesis.
Macro Anatomical and Histological Study of Larynx Cartilage, Trachea, and Lungs in Lynx (Lynx lynx)
Authors: KIRBAŞ DOĞAN Gülseren , ARAS Şükran , KARADAĞ SARI Ebru
Published: July 2023

In this study the larynx, trachea, and lungs of one 1.5-year-old adult female lynx (Lynx lynx) were examined. The macro anatomical and histological structure of the larynx cartilages, trachea, and lungs were tried to be revealed by dissection and measurements. It was determined that the trachea had 48 cartilage rings (cartilago trachealis) up to the bifurcatio trachealis, the diameters of which narrow as they approach the lungs. The total tracheal length was 172.36 mm. It was seen that the cross-section of the lynx trachea resembled a circle. The hyaline cartilage structure surrounding the trachea was determined. A muscle structure called musculus transversus trachea, which closes the open ends of this cartilage and surrounds the cartilage from the outside, was detected. It was determined that the trachea consisted of tunica mucosa, submucosa, and tunica adventitia layers. The pulmo sinister in the lynx lung consisted of two main lobes, lobus cranialis, and lobus caudalis. Lobus cranialis was also divided among itself as pars cranialis and pars caudalis. Pulmo dexter was divided into four main lobes as lobus cranialis, lobus medius, lobus caudalis, and lobus accessorius. It was determined that there was connective tissue capsule surrounding the lung, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, intraalveolar septum, and abundant blood vessels. In intraalveolar septum; capillaries, erythrocytes were determined. Type I and type II pneumocytes were seen covering the alveolar surface. In addition, it was determined that there were macrophages in the alveolar sacs.
The Effect of Lyophilized and Frozen Natural Lactic Acid Bacteria on Alfalfa Silage Quality Prepared in Different Ways and Stored for Different Periods of Time
Authors: AYDIN Sadık Serkan , DENEK Nihat
Published: July 2023

Within the scope of this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of the groups with the highest LAB numbers determined as a result of storage for one and three months on alfalfa silage quality by freezing fermented lactic acid bacteria (LAB) liquids prepared with different levels of sucrose addition (5-10%) and incubation (2 and 5 days) for different periods of time in deep freezer and by drying via lyophilization process according to the results obtained from the previous study.In the study, groups consisted of control, 2D5%STsL (lyophilized with TRIS (Ts) after 2 days incubation with 5% sucrose addition), 2D10%SDsL (lyophilized with DMSO (Ds) after 2 days incubation with 10% sucrose addition), 5D10%SDsL (DMSO (Ds) additive lyophilized after 5 days of incubation with 10% sucrose addition), and 5D5%STsD (TRIS (Ts) additive deep freezer after 5 days of incubation with 5% sucrose addition).In the study, LAB count, CO2, lactic acid (LA) content, acetic acid (AA) content, pH, NH3-N/TN, and butyric acid (BA) values were statistically significant between the groups at the end of the one-month storage period. Crude protein (CP), pH, LA, and BA values were found to be statistically significant between the groups at the end of the three-month storage period in the study.
Individual and Occupational Characteristics to the Workload of Health Workers During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Widodo Gunawan Pamudji , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: July 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on various aspects of life, one of which is the workload of health workers. This study aims to describe the workload of health workers and determine the relationship between the characteristics of the research subjects and the workload during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is an analytic observational type with a Cross-Sectional approach, the instrument used is a workload questionnaire. Data were obtained from distributing questionnaires to health workers at health service facilities owned by the Government of Tana Tidung Regency, North Kalimantan in October 2021. The results showed that public health workers had the highest workload score of 26,8 ± 9,32 and physical therapy workers had the lowest workload score was 18,8 ± 4,55. The average score of the workload of health workers is 23,43 ± 5,81. The p-value of the Chi Square analysis between age and workload is 0,013. The workload of health workers in health care facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic is in the medium category. There is a significant relationship between the characteristics of the profession category/occupation and workload, the difference in the profession/occupation determines the level of workload.
Ototoxicity in Cancer Patients on Cisplatin Therapy Attending Basrah Oncology Centre: A Cohort Study
Authors: Al-Ali Hasanain , Al-Asadi Jasim , Alrubaye Abdulrazzaq , Ali Hasson
Published: July 2023

Background: Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent that is used extensively for the treatment of a broad spectrum of tumors. However, progressive irreversible side effects of Cisplatin, including ototoxicity, have been reported. Methods: A cohort study was implemented from 1 April to 30 August 2015 to study the association between Cisplatin chemotherapy and sensory-neural hearing loss as the major and most important sign of ototoxicity. The cohort group included cancer patients treated with Cisplatin, while patients on Carboplatin were the control group. Cisplatin and Carboplatin belong to alkylating platinum chemotherapy drugs, which are used to treat various malignant solid tumors. Data collection was done through a questionnaire, including information related to sociodemographic characteristics and current and past medical history. Hearing loss was assessed using pure tone audiometry at the time of starting chemotherapy and one month later. Results: The total number of patients was 50, with male to female ratio 1:1 and a mean age of 49.7±14.7 (range 18–80 years): 27 patients were on Cisplatin with a mean age of 50.3±13.5 and 23 patients were on Carboplatin chemotherapy with a mean age of 51.9±15.1 with no significant difference in age (P=0.695). A highly significant association between Cisplatin use and sensory-neural hearing loss (RR, 5.13; P <0.001) was noted. No significant association was found between hearing loss and sociodemographic characteristics or other clinical conditions. Conclusions: Ototoxicity represents a significant clinical sequel of Cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with cancer. A future study using a larger sample size aiming at the evaluation and prevention of Cisplatin induced ototoxicity is recommended.
Etiological Factors of Hoarseness in Patients Attending Basrah General Hospital
Authors: Al Abdullah Mueen , Al Sharieda Esam , Al-Ali Hasanain
Published: July 2023

Background: Hoarseness is a common symptom in otolaryngology practice, and it’s the earliest manifestation of a large variety of conditions directly or indirectly affecting the larynx, ranging from benign to most malignant. Aim: This study was undertaken to find out a clinical profile, the incidence of common predisposing and etiological factors of hoarseness. Methods: Two hundred cases of hoarseness for 18 months were studied. All cases were analyzed for detailed history and examination with visualization of the larynx through rigid video laryngoscopy or flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy and in some cases, direct laryngoscopy and biopsy were taken for histopathological study. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using Microsoft Excel Software 2007. Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Among them, patients in the age groups of 31–40 years and 41–50 years were the main sufferers of hoarseness. Similarly, among 200 patients 124 (62%) were males whereas 76 (38%) were females, with the male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Vocal cord nodules were the most commonly encountered etiology with a frequency of 17.5 % whereas tuberculous laryngitis was the least commonly encountered etiology with a frequency of 0.5%. Conclusions: There was an etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to the most life-threatening malignancies. It is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done to diagnose the early underlying pathological changes for prevention and accurate management.
ҚАЗАҚСТАН СЕЛЕКЦИЯСЫНДАҒЫ ОТАНДЫҚ АЛМА СОРТТАРЫНЫҢ АЛМАТЫ ОБЛЫСЫ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДАҒЫ ӨНІМДІЛІГІНІҢ ӘЛЕУЕТІ
Authors: Казыбаева Сауле , Кадирсизова Жанар , Алексеенко Светлана , Қасенова Бақытгүл
Published: July 2023

Мақалада, Алматы облысы Талғар ауданы «ҚазЖКҒЗИ» ЖШС Талғар аймақтық филиалында 15 отандық алма сорттарының Алматы облысы климаттық жағдайында жүргізілген  агробиологиялық зерттеу қортындысы берілген. Зерттеудің мақсаты  – селекцияға әрі қарай да пайдалану үшін, алма сорттарының биологиялық әлеуеттілігін зерттеу негізінде, бағалы шаруашылық-белгілерін бөліп алу. Жеміс өндірудің қажетті деңгейіне жету үшін ғалымдар өндірушілермен бірлесіп бірқатар мәселелерді шешуі керек, олардың ішінде ең маңыздысы жеміс-жидек дақылдарының барлық заманауи талаптарға жауап беретін жаңа бәсекеге қабілетті сорттарын жасау арқылы ассортиментін оңтайландыру болып табылады. Бұл мақалаға Мемлекеттік реестрге енгізілген жаңа алма сорттарымен қатар, сондай-ақ Қазақстандық селекцияның жаңа болашағы зор сорттарымен бирге өткізілген тәжірибе нәтижелері көрсетілген. Алма сорттарын зерттеу барысында жаңа болашағы зор сорттарынның көпшілігінде ақ ұнтақ пен таз қотырға күрделі төзімділік бар. Өнімділігін жағынан  Әнель, Егемен, Айжан, Мақпал, Мақсат, Айзере, Нұрсәт, Подарок Нуртазиной, Көктөбе сорттары бөлініп шықты, бұл сорттардың өнімділігі гектарына 190-260 центнерді құрайды. Бұл мақалада жемістерінің ірілігі, аса дәмділігі, тартымдылығы және шаруашылықта құнды белгілерінің жиынтығы сипатталған. Зерттеу нәтижесінде отандық алма сорттары Айжан, Әнель, Егемен, Нұрсәт, Кәмиля, Мақпал, Асыл-Айым, Мақсат, Талгарское ақ ұнтақ пен таз қотырға төзімді және иммундық нысан ретінде ерекшеленді. Жемістердің ерте жетілу, өнімділік, тауарлық және тұтынушылық сапасы көрсеткіштеріне Айзере, Айжан, Даналық, Кәмила, Мақсат, Нұрсәт, Подарок Нуртазиной, Назгум сорттары бөлінген. Осы сорттарды құнды белгілердің негізі ретінде селекциялық процесстерге қатыстыру ұсынылады.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ ЮЖНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Кененбаев Серик , Рамазанова Сара , Гусев Виталий , Есенбаева Гульвира
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена обзору,  анализу производства, применения и эффективности минеральных удобрений в земледелии  юга и юго-востоке Казахстана. Установлено, что за 2016-2020 гг. на гектар пашни внесено от 1,4 до 119,6 кг д.в. NPK, а удобренная площадь составила 4,3-31,6% от общей площади пашни. Показано, что значительная часть пахотных земель характеризуется низким содержанием гумуса и подвижных форм азота, более половины их недостаточно обеспечены подвижными формами фосфора и нуждается в применении азотных и фосфорных удобрений.. Доля площадей почв низко обеспеченных подвижным фосфором составила 44,5%, со средним и высоким уровнем обеспеченности соответственно 40,5% и 15,0%.  
Установлено, что применение минеральных удобрений  позволяет поддерживать содержание подвижных элементов питания на оптимальном уровне, что обеспечивает повышение урожайности культур. В длительном стационарном опыте   при систематическом применении удобрений урожайность сахарной свеклы в пятой ротации свекловичного севооборота увеличилась более чем в два раза по сравнению с контрольным вариантом, зерна озимой пшеницы – более чем в три раза, кукурузы среднеспелых гибридов - в 1,4 и сена люцерны - почти в 1,5 раза. Определена окупаемость удобрений новых сортов ячменя и гибридов кукурузы зерном в зависимости от уровня их применения. Рассчитаны уравнения регрессии, описывающие с высокой степенью вероятности тесную положительную взаимосвязь между интенсивностью применения удобрений, агрохимическими показателями почвы, урожайностью культур и качеством продукции.
Application of small perturbation theory for assessing variations of prompt neutron lifetime in a lead-cooled fast reactor
Authors: Apse Vladimir A. , Shmelev Anatoly N. , Kulikov Gennady G. , Kulikov Evgeny G.
Published: July 2023

The paper considers the applicability of small perturbation theory to assessing the variations of the prompt neutron lifetime caused by variations in the isotope composition of a lead-cooled fast reactor. The generalized small perturbation theory formulas have been developed to calculate derivatives of the prompt neutron lifetime regarded as a bilinear neutron flux and neutron worth ratio. A numerical algorithm has been proposed for the step-by-step application of the small perturbation theory formulas to assess the prompt neutron lifetime variations caused by a major perturbation in the reactor isotope composition, e.g. by the complete change of the material used earlier as the neutron reflector. The advantage of the proposed approach has been shown which consists in that it is basically possible to determine the role of different neutron reactions, isotopes and energy groups in and their contributions to the total prompt neutron lifetime variation caused by major changes in the reactor isotope composition.
Understanding Ethnic Disparities in Family Status Attainment
Authors: Uddin Emaj
Published: July 2023

Ethnic disparity in family status attainment (FSA) is the social issue across the world societies, including Bangladesh. Based on systematic cross-cultural literature 1980-2010, this chapter compares and explains ethnic disparity in FSA between majority (Muslim) and minority groups (Hindu, Santal, and Oraon) in Bangladesh. Evidence in systematic literature reveals that FSA is two-fold higher in the majority group than in the minority ethnic communities in Bangladesh. Using social science theories, this chapter argues that disadvantaged psychological, social, and political status, as well as discrimination and unequal distribution of resources perpetuate disparity in FSA between the majority and minority ethnic groups. The chapter also describes comparative social welfare policy-programs on which administrators, educationists, social activists, and social workers may play important roles to reduce, eliminate, and change disparity in FSA between the ethnic groups in Bangladesh.
A French Guide for Businesses and Governments to Integrate the Concept of Sustainable Development Into Their Supply Chains
Authors: Lu XiaoWen , Taghipour Atour
Published: July 2023

Sustainable development is a new form of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. In this context, sustainable development needs to be at the crossroads between three pillars: the economic pillar, the social pillar, and the environmental pillar. But the question is raised: how do companies integrate the notion of sustainable development internally into their supply chain process? To answer this question, based on a literature review, the authors are interested in two points in particular. First, they will see the implementation of sustainable development in the production process and the change in costs, then in terms of the new internal systems of corporate social responsibility. The results of this work can be used by governments, companies, and researchers to integrate sustainable development in their decisions.
Analysis of the Sustainability of Supply Chains and Value Chain Management
Authors: Ilic Biljana Stojan , Stankovic Suncica S.
Published: July 2023

The philosophy of the supply chain concept is aimed at the greatest possible alignment of key business functions of all links in the distribution chain in the process of organizing goods and information flows. Applying the concept of an integrated supply chain between multiple organizations further increases the importance of operational logistics activities, improves process optimizations, and confirms the importance of logistics performance for profitability. Emphasis is placed on the sustainability of the supply chain in Serbia, but also on the broader context of the value chain of economic sectors in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the chapter is focused on highlighting both positive and limiting factors (the real situation), with the author's wish that the recommendation of good practice and the results of this research be implemented in Serbia.
The effect of season and urbanisation on Calliphoridae (Diptera) diversity in British Columbia, Canada, using baited traps
Authors: Smith Cassidy A.R. , Poirier Lisa M. , Anderson Gail S.
Published: July 2023

Forensic entomology is an important component of criminal investigations, providing information surrounding a death using region-specific data on the local necrophagous community. To understand the community within the Metro Vancouver region of British Columbia, Canada, a field study monitored the abundance and diversity of necrophagous Calliphoridae (Diptera) over a nine-month period in distinct terrestrial environments. Baited bottle traps (n = 9) were deployed weekly for 12-hour intervals in three different environments. Species, sex, and gravidity of collected specimens were determined. Bivariate analyses revealed significant relationships between species, geographic location, and month of collection, suggesting that Calliphoridae species composition is influenced by habitat type and seasonal shifts in temperature. Sex ratios and reproductive ranges of Calliphoridae differed among the habitats sampled.
Fifty-years of Fenestron Improvement in the Service of Safety
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, SERR Christophe , ROUTHIEAU Vincent , Roth German
Published: July 2023

The first prototype SA340 flew the 7th of April 1967 initially with a conventional tail rotor. The initial Fenestron® patents of Mouille and Bouquardez, were quickly followed by the first flight on the Gazelle prototype. In early 1968 the second prototype flew with the Fenestron®. There are more than 5200 helicopters that are flying today with this anti torque concept.
Affordable integrated Antennas on Helicopters
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, DUTRUC Herve , Filias François-Xavier
Published: July 2023

The antennas number is increasing on-board rotorcraft and this trend is not ready to slow down regarding the growing need of connectivity. Rotorcrafts, especially the lightest ones will soon be saturated in antennas. This paper, without being exhaustive, presents some ways to tackle this fact, with the use of integrated antennas. Besides technical difficulties, the current certification constraints should be re-defined or at least adjusted.
Evaluation of Collisions with Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and their Consequences to Rotorcraft
Authors:   Technische Hochsule Ingolstadt, Burger Uli ,   Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH, Eberth Ulrich , Franke Florian , Schwab Michael , Engleder Alexander
Published: July 2023

The popularity and dissemination of small unmanned aerial vehicles (sUAV) is increasing continuously. Therefore, a collision between such sUAV and manned aircraft is becoming ever more likely. There are legal requirements (allowable mass, prohibited flight zones, height restrictions) to hobby pilots, which should minimize the probability and resulting consequences of an impact. Recent occurrences have shown that these restrictions are either not adhered to or are insufficient. Sharing the same airspace, rotorcraft in particular, are prone to such impact scenarios. Within this paper different scenarios between those aircrafts are defined. The resulting consequences to the rotorcraft structure are determined by analytical approaches and engineering judgement. In order to fully characterize the threat of a drone strike to manned rotorcraft, a test and simulation program is developed and will be carried out in the scope of the research project "Drone strike on aircraft research" - DESIRE. The project will run from Oct. 2018 to May 2022. The test results can be used as basic data for further evaluation and actions. Within this paper the complete program is presented including the extended building block approach with planned testing efforts. First results of performed testing efforts describe the behavior of drone motors upon compression loading. Correlation between finite element simulations and test results enable a comprehensive build up of complete impact scenarios to support further investigations.
An Update on AVCP's Zero-Zero Safety System for VTOL Aircraft
Authors:   Active VTOL Crash Prevention Ltd., Sloman Roger
Published: July 2023

The advent of multi-rotor, electric VTOL aircraft capable of carrying passengers and providing on-demand personal air transport promises a revolution not only in urban travel, but also in a multitude of other applications which will change the way that a broad range of people carry out their routine work activities. Many of the eVTOL design projects propose to use current ballistic parachute systems in case of any power or control failure; however, any recovery system which (i) gives a Ground Contact Velocity (GCV) of 5 to 8m/s and (ii) will not deploy properly below c. 100 to 150 feet will not be a solution that should satisfy certification requirements for carrying fare-paying passengers above a crowded urban environment. This paper updates the detailed design and function of the rocket motors and control system designed to provide a controlled landing at less than 2m/s in any emergency situation.
Methodologies to Assess the Influence and Cost Benefit of Technology on Vertical Lift Aircraft Mishaps and Fatalities
Authors:   Institute for Defense Analyses, Martin Christopher , Allen Thomas , Couch Mark , Jones Paul , Law Jack , Schwartz Joshua
Published: July 2023

The current and planned service fleets of military rotorcraft were examined to arrive at an average number of rotorcraft expected to be lost and an estimated number of fatalities expected over the remaining service life of each rotorcraft type due to Class A mishaps. Using Department of Defense (DoD) assessments of mishap causes, a literature survey of relevant technology, and extensive discussions with industry and government technology experts, five technologies were selected for a cost-benefit assessment of technology's impact on reducing lost rotorcraft and lives. Government standard and in-house developed methods were used to conduct the cost-benefit assessment. Methodologies were developed to estimate future lost lives and destroyed rotorcraft based on rotorcraft history and remaining flight hours. Incorporation of promising technologies should be made as early as possible in the life cycle of the rotorcraft to get the maximum cost benefit; the out-year costs of rotorcraft and lives lost by not incorporating these technologies can be much larger than the upfront acquisition and integrations costs. Future examinations of this type would benefit from better documentation of the use/non-use of safety devices in the cabin, including seats and restraints.
Correlation of Full-Scale Isolated Proprotor Performance and Loads
Authors:   NASA Ames Research Center, Kottapalli Sesi , W. Cecil
Published: July 2023

A full-scale isolated proprotor test was recently conducted in the USAF National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex (NFAC) at NASA Ames Research Center. The test article was a 3-bladed research rotor derived from the right-hand rotor of the AW609. For this test, the NASA Tiltrotor Test Rig (TTR) and rotor were installed in the 40- by 80-foot test section. This paper presents initial correlations between data and predictions of rotor performance and blade moments using the newly acquired test data and the comprehensive analysis CAMRAD II. Four low-speed conditions were studied, including hover (actually, low speed vertical climb), cruise (airplane mode), conversion, and helicopter mode. Mean and ½ peak-to-peak quantities (hpp) are correlated; time-history correlation for the helicopter condition is also included. The hover calculations proved useful in providing reality checks on the test hardware. The correlation is reasonable. The mean midspan flap banding moments are predicted very well. The trends (with CT/σ) are largely captured, with some overprediction or underprediction (details in the paper). The time-history correlations (helicopter mode) show that, compared to the rolled-up wake (RW) model, the multiple-trailer wake model improves the correlation slightly; the collective is predicted well by the RW model, the lateral cyclic correlation is not good, and the longitudinal cyclic correlation is reasonable; the flap moment correlation is reasonable; the pitch link load and lag moment are underpredicted; and the torsion moment correlation is poor and needs further study.
Simulation of the Free Flying Helicopter by Coupling of a New Comprehensive Aeromechanics Code with an Advanced Flexible Multibody Model
Authors:   German Aerospace Center - DLR, Mindt Maximilian ,   Dassault Systemes Deutschland GmbH, Dietz Stefan , Schulze Martin , Mabou Hervé
Published: July 2023

For the validation of rotor blade designs a multibody system model of a helicopter with main rotor- tail rotor configuration has been set up and coupled with a new comprehensive aeromechanics code. The structural flexibility of the rotor blades is taken into account by geometrically nonlinear composite beam descriptions. Dynamic effects important for helicopter applications have been successfully validated for this beam representation. Both new components, the aeromechanics code and the composite beam model enable system simulation models with low dimensionality and therefore simulations within a short time frame. Attention has also been paid to the workflows, which allow an easy creation and modification of the helicopter model including the rotor blades. The behavior of the coupled simulation model is compared to flight test data.
Aeromechanics of a Coaxial Mars Helicopter using High-Fidelity CFD/CA
Authors:   University of Maryland, Escobar Daniel , Chopra Inderjit , Datta Anubhav
Published: July 2023

A high-fidelity coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and comprehensive analysis (CA) solver is developed for application on the Mars helicopter. Accurate aeromechanical understanding of a coaxial rotor on Mars is necessary in order to make proper design decisions for future aircraft with longer range and greater payload. The objectives are to understand the performance, structural loads, control loads (pitch link), wake interaction, and blade strike for hingeless and articulated coaxial rotors, so that an informed decision between the two rotor hubs can be made. This will become more important as the vehicle size and payload grows. Lower fidelity tools are not capable of capturing the complex flow phenomena (blade vortex interaction, roll-up and core growth, and 3D unsteady pitching moments at low Re), and therefore this problem requires coupled CFD/CA. Some of the key conclusions specific to Mars are: (1) an articulated rotor in fact benefits from greater rotor separation because pitch angles, not flapping motion dictates separation (2) a hingeless rotor experiences only marginally greater (67%) flap bending moments compared to an articulated rotor, (3) the oscillatory pitch link loads on an articulated rotor are nominally 15.5% greater than on a hingeless rotor and (4) the steady pitch link loads of a hingeless rotor are in fact 8 times greater than an articulated rotor. For these reasons, larger future Mars helicopter it appears an articulated rotor might be more desirable over a hingeless rotor, for considerations of structural and control loads.
Analytical Study of an Isolated Coaxial Rotor System with Lift Offset
Authors:   Science and Technology Corporation, Ho Jimmy ,   US Army CCDC AvMC, Yeo Hyeonsoo
Published: July 2023

An analytical study, which is based on calculations from a rotorcraft comprehensive analysis of a notional coaxial rotor system in isolation, is presented to improve understanding of the aeromechanics of lift-offset coaxial rotors. The calculations include a trim analysis that enforces a fixed value for coaxial system lift in order to isolate the effect of lift offset. The quantities examined here are the blade pitch controls, coaxial system performance, blade airloads, blade structural loads, and coaxial system hub loads. Operating conditions examined form airspeed sweeps for four different values of lift offset. The maximum airspeed that the rotor may achieve trim is increased by increasing lift offset. For a given airspeed, increasing lift offset generally increases the coaxial system lift-to-effective-drag ratio as a result of a decrease in shaft power (despite an increase in propulsive power). Increasing lift offset decreases half peak-to-peak values of pitch link force, torsion moment, and in many cases, chord bending moment. While increasing lift offset increases half peak-to-peak flap bending moment for sufficiently low airspeeds, it may decrease this quantity for higher airspeeds. Lastly, increasing lift offset generally decreases the fixed-frame, vibratory, system hub horizontal force and pitch moment.
Assessment of approaches and costs associated with the correction of the HRDEM product data in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Papasodoro C ,   4DM Inc., Bélanger D , Légaré-Couture G , Russel H
Published: July 2023

The High-Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HRDEM) was created as part of the National Elevation Data Strategy to provide detailed elevation data across the country. For the Canadian Arctic, the HRDEM was based on the ArcticDEM initiative with additional
post-processing by the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation to create a 2-meter Digital Surface Model (DSM) covering a geographic region of approximately 4.6 million km2. This report provides details on the investigation of the data issues within HRDEM in the North, available open and
commercial sources of elevation data that could be used to improve the product, and technologies available to generate high resolution DSM at similar levels of accuracy and resolution than the current HRDEM. In addition, the report summarizes the results of a research into the common, as well as
more advanced (e.g., machine learning), methods for improving the product. In summary, the intent of this investigation was to provide supporting information to address the data anomalies in HRDEM and present a path forward.
Topological Optimization of Non-Pneumatic Unique Puncture-Proof Tire
System Spoke Design for Tire Performance
Authors: Dhrangdhariya Priyankkumar , Maiti Soumyadipta , Rai Beena
Published: July 2023

Non-pneumatic tires (NPTs) have been widely used due to their advantages of no
occurrence of puncture-related problems, no need of air maintenance, low rolling
resistance, and improvement of passenger comfort due to its better shock
absorption. It has a variety of applications as in earthmovers, planetary rover,
stair-climbing vehicles, and the like. Recently, the unique puncture-proof tire
system (UPTIS) NPT has been introduced for passenger vehicles segment. The spoke
design of NPT-UPTIS has a significant effect on the overall working performance
of tire. Optimized tire performance is a crucial factor for consumers and
original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Hence to optimize the spoke design of
NPT-UPTIS spoke, the top and bottom curve of spoke profile have been described
in the form of analytical equations. A generative design concept has been
introduced to create around 50,000 spoke profiles. Finite element model (FEM)
model is developed to evaluate the stiffness and damage-resisting performance of
NPT-UPTIS spoke. The FEM methodology has also been validated with average
accuracy of more than 95% for experimental vertical stiffness for commercial
NPT-Tweel. The stiffness and damage-resisting performance of generated designs
have been predicted with the help of machine learning regression models, which
were trained on the FEM results of 200 such designs. These 50,000 generated
designs have been categorized in four different categories based on different
level of stiffness and damage resistance performance. In this study, one
optimized design from each category has been selected and their performance have
been validated with 3D FEM simulation. It has been found that the suggested
topology optimization approach is efficient to generate UPTIS spoke designs with
having ±30% stiffness with 17%, 40%, and 56% more damage resistance performances
with respect to the starting reference design.
Dreaming for Sivas Selections from Architectural Studios, 2014-2021
Authors:   Ozyegin University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Istanbul, Turkey, Hacihasanoglu Orhan
Published: July 2023

The book titled “Dreaming for Sivas, Architectural Studio Selections 2014–2021” was compiled by Pinar Koc and Ugur Tuztasi and released by YEM Publication. The editors of the book in introduction, emphasize how cities serve as "laboratories" for architectural schools and how the theme "Dreaming for Sivas" illustrates the pedagogical strategy used in in architectural design studio studies at Sivas Cumhuriyet University. Understanding the city as a place of experimentation means that architecture students are not only subject to project processes that produce solutions to a defined problem area, but they are also surrounded by exploration processes intended to open all of the intuitive and perceptual sensors of the student to the city and to feel the daily rhythm of the city.
The Influence of Different Ratio of Goat Dung and Lontar Shells (Borassus Flabellifer Linn) Charcoal on the Biochar Briquettes Properties
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Husbandry Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang-Indonesia, Noach Yakob R.
Published: July 2023

Research goals was to determine the physico-chemical and burning propersties of biochar briquettes with different ratios between goat dung and lontar shell charcoal. Material used were goat dung, lontar shell, tapioca as binder and water. The equipment were kiln drum (pyrolysis drum), grinding machine, hydraulic pressor, briquette stove, infrared digital thermometer, digital hanging scales, digital sitting scales. Variables measured were density, moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, burning rate and burning resistance. Analysis of variance was applied to determine the influence of treatment on the variables measured. Result of analysis showed that treatment had a very significant (P<.01) on moisture, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, burning rate and burning resistance, but no significant (P>.05) on density of biochar briquettes. More proportion of goat dung charcoal generated the biochar briquettes with properties more ash content, lower fixed carbon, higher volatile matter, reduced calorific value, faster burning rate, shorter burning resistance. It can be concluded that the physico-chemical and burning properties of the biochar briquettes generated in this study did not meet the standards according to SNI 01-6235-2000. In this case, however, the best ratio is 25% of goat dung charcoal and 75% of lontar shell charcoal.
An Analysis Of Slang Words Used In Social Media
Authors: Siti frastiwi  , Siti Aisyah
Published: July 2023

In the area of language, slang is a phenomena of employing linguistic variations that form as a result of language development and a social dynamic in society. In Indonesian, slang is known as bahasa gaul, and it is primarily utilized by young people while conversing with others. As a result, the purpose of this study is to examine the form, function, and meaning of existing slang, particularly as it is employed on social media. The data collection methods used in this study are qualitative. The information was gathered through observations of the usage of slang in various social media platforms, after which the slang was classed according to the type and construction of words. According to the findings of Allan and Burridge (2006), the forms of slang seen on social media are particularly diversified, creative, and dynamic, including Fresh and Creative, Flippant, Imitative, Acronyms, and Clipping.
Effect of Integrated Financial Management Information Reporting System on Financial Management in County Governments, Kenya
Authors: Iravonga Jamgun Jensen , Alala Prof. Benedict Ondiek , Maingi Muli , Ngala Consolata
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the research was to determine whether or not the implementation of the Integrated Financial Management Information (IFMIS) financial reporting system improved the financial management of county governments in Kenya. The descriptive survey design and the causal research methodology were used for this study. The target population consisted of 302 workers working in the Treasury Department in the county governments of Kakamega, Busia, Vihiga, and Bungoma. This included 44 procurement officers, 46 internal auditors, 89 accountants, 87 finance officers, and 42 revenue officers. The selection of the 172 respondents was accomplished via the use of a method known as stratified random sampling. The questionnaire method was used to acquire the primary data. Pilot research was done to assess the content and construct validity, and Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the dependability of the information. Using descriptive and inferential statistics, an analysis of the quantitative data was carried out. The threshold of significance used in the testing of hypotheses was 0.05. The information was laid up in tables, and several models were developed. The investigation's findings indicated that the IFMIS financial reporting system substantially accounted for 42.2% of the difference in financial management across the County Governments in Western Kenya (R2 = 0.422, P = 0.000). The IFMIS financial reporting system had a significance level of P=0.05, and the unstandardized regression coefficient value was 0.836.  This suggested that a change of one unit in the IFMIS financial reporting system would result in a change of 0.836 units in the financial management of county governments in Western Kenya. The study came to the conclusion that the IFMIS financial reporting system had a major impact on the financial management of Kenya's county governments, which led the researchers to conclude that the null hypothesis should not be accepted. The research suggests that county governments in Kenya should strictly adhere to the requirements of financial reporting policies, fulfill their legal duties for financial reporting, and use technology to improve their financial reporting.
Microclimate mapping using novel radiative transfer modelling
Authors: Zellweger Florian , Sulmoni Eric , Malle Johanna T. , Baltensweiler Andri , Jonas Tobias , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , Ginzler Christian , Karger Dirk N. , De Frenne Pieter , Frey David , Webster Clare
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Climate data matching the scales at which organisms experience climatic conditions are often missing. Yet, such data on microclimatic conditions are required to better understand climate change impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Here we combine a network of microclimate temperature measurements across different habitats and vertical heights with a novel radiative transfer model to map daily temperatures during the vegetation period at 10 meter spatial resolution across Switzerland. Our data reveals strong horizontal and vertical variability in microclimate temperature, particularly for maximum temperatures at 5 cm above the ground and within the topsoil. Compared to macroclimate conditions as measured by weather stations outside forests, diurnal air and topsoil temperature ranges inside forests were reduced by up to 3.0 and 7.8 °C, respectively, while below trees outside forests, e.g. in hedges and below solitary trees, this buffering effect was 1.8 and 7.2 °C. We also found that in open grasslands, maximum temperatures at 5 cm above ground are on average 3.4 °C warmer than that of macroclimate, suggesting that in such habitats heat exposure close to the ground is often underestimated when using macroclimatic data. Spatial interpolation was achieved by using a hybrid approach based on linear mixed effects models with input from detailed radiation estimates that account for topographic and vegetation shading, as well as other predictor variables related to the macroclimate, topography and vegetation height. After accounting for macroclimate effects, microclimate patterns were primarily driven by radiation, with particularly strong effects on maximum temperatures. Results from spatial block cross-validation revealed predictive accuracies as measured by RSME’s ranging from 1.18 to 3.43 °C, with minimum temperatures generally being predicted more accurately than maximum temperatures. The microclimate mapping methodology presented here enables a more biologically relevant perspective when analysing climate-species interactions, which is expected to lead to a better understanding of biotic and ecosystem responses to climate and land use change.
The Energy Spreading PONS Transform and its Applications
Authors: Byrnes Jim
Published: July 2023

PONS, the Prometheus Orthonormal Set, is a suite of digital signal processing and data transmission algorithms whose genesis is found in a generalization of the Shapiro Polynomials. We begin with an overview of the mathematical and energy spreading features of PONS and then discuss a "Global Uncertainty Principle", which was the initial motivation for the PONS construction. Then we describe the elementary yet elegant construction by Harold Shapiro of his polynomials, and show the straightforward generalization of this construction which yields the PONS sequences and polynomials. After briefly comparing PONS with the Walsh Functions we outline possible mathematical interpretations of Energy Spreading. We conclude with a live demonstration showing the extreme robustness of PONS-transformed digital signals to noise and loss in a transmission channel.
ICIMOD Strategy 2030: Moving Mountains (in Chinese)
Authors:   International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), JHA Anil
Published: July 2023

This is a pivotal moment in our history. The world around us is changing and here, on the top of the world, things are changing fast. We are witnessing rapid climate change, biodiversity loss, increased disaster risk, and rising poverty and inequality. This strategy for 2023-2030 outlines how we will work to address these challenges and achieve our vision of a greener, more inclusive, and climate resilient Hindu Kush Himalaya. It has been developed in response to a request of our Board of Governors and International Support Group to raise our ambition, with ICIMOD@40 in 2023, and in the face of the climate and environment crises hitting the region. It draws on our learning from the last two plan periods, quinquennial reviews, and a broad-based strategy development process involving staff, donors, partners, and nodal agencies in the Regional Member Countries (RMCs). It describes our institutional theory of change and the impact areas and pathways that will guide our work to effect that change. It highlights the partnerships that will enable this change – with our eight RMCs; government, civil society, and private sector partners; and our donors and supporters across the world. The strategy envisages a new and effective monitoring, evaluation and learning system in place to enable continuous learning, strategizing, and course correction, with an emphasis on learning from both success and failure. Lastly, it charts out the resource mobilisation goals that will enable climate action at scale in the RMCs.