bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Willingness to Accept COVID-19 Vaccine Among Adult Clients Attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital,West Guji Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Huka Alo Edin , Alemeyehu Lami , Jara Dube , Ayele Angefa , Shifa Tofik
Published: March 2023

Background:Vaccines are effective and ultimate solution that can decrease the burden of Coronavirus disease-19 worldwide. However, poor knowledge and unwillingness to accept this vaccine are key barriers to manage the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic in different country including Ethiopia. The control of pandemic principal will depend on acceptance of coronavirus disease vaccine. Therefore, there is paucity of evidence on coronavirus disease vaccine acceptance in the study area. The current study was aimed to assess willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine and associated factors among adult clients attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, west Guji zone, southern Ethiopia.Methods:Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 385 study participants which was selected by Systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected through observation and structured questionnaires from April 10 to May 30, 2022. The collected data was cleaned and entered into Epi data 3.1 software before being exported to SPSS 25 statistical software for analysis. Bi-variable and multi-variable binary logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of coronavirus disease-19 vaccine acceptance. The strength of association was measured using AOR with 95% confidence interval and significance was declared at p- value < 0.05.Result: -Magnitude of willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine was 67.5 % (95%Cl: 63 -72). Good knowledge (AOR= 2.07, (1.17-3.64), history of chronic disease (AOR= 2.59(1.4-4.78) government employee (AOR= 2.35(1.1-5), favorable attitude (AOR= 14.15(5.25-37.46) and good adherence (AOR=1.74(1.023-2.97) were factors that significantly associated with willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine.Conclusion:Magnitude of willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine was considerable and needs to be improved. Knowledge, attitude, chronic illness, adherence, and being government employee were factors that associated with willingness to accept coronavirus disease-19 vaccine. Community awareness, advocacy, social mobilization and health education should be given at different levels.
Minimizing the opportunity costs of carbon mitigation on farmland via restoration of salinized soils
Authors: Suganuma Hideki , Sakai Yuji , Takahashi Nobuhide , Egashira Yasuyuki , Utsugi Hajime , Sochacki Stanley J. , Harper Richard J. , Hamano Hiroyuki , Kawarasaki Satoko , Aikawa Shin-ichi , Kojima Toshinori , Yamada Koichi
Published: March 2023

Mass conversion of native vegetation to agricultural land-use triggered secondary salinity, a hydrological imbalance, which has damaged more than 1.75 million ha of farmland in south-western Australia. Various types of reforestation have been proposed and tested to restore the hydrological balance, however the economic returns from these cannot compete with existing farm practice and land-holders thus have a reluctance to adopt. An alternative approach has been to reforest abandoned saline areas with salinity and/or water-logging tolerant trees to avoid displacement of farming activities and to minimize opportunity costs.
We propose an improved evaluation methodology for saline site reforestation and in this paper test its feasibility. Three eucalypts species (Eucalyptus salubris, E. camaldulensis and E. sargentii) were planted adjacent to a salt scald in Wickepin, Western Australia, and their survival and growth were monitored under increasing soil salinity ranging from moderate (ECe: 400-800 mS m-1), high (800-1,600 mS m-1) or extreme (>1,600 mS m-1) with shallow (< 1 m depth) saline ground water (EC: 2,000-3,000 mS m-1). Survival and growth of E. sargentii and E. salubris in the saline discharge areas were comparable to those in the arable area, and reforestation by these species can thus avoid land competition and opportunity costs.
Factors that impact the persistence of women in STEM higher education: A systematic literature review
Authors: Joseph Jane
Published: March 2023

Around the world, nations are spending millions of dollars urging educators to implement measures to increase the retention of women in STEM education. Unfortunately, an aggressive response is elusive from the higher education sector for these desperate calls. Globally the percentage of women graduating in STEM has remained stagnant for the past decade, indicating the need for further investigation of strategies to retain women in STEM. This study aimed to investigate factors that impact the persistence of women in STEM higher education and identify strategies for improving their retention in STEM studies. This systematic literature review (SLR) using PRISMA guidelines identified five major categories of factors such as: sociocultural, psychological, supportive, environmental and pedagogical that could positively or negatively influence women’s persistence in STEM studies. The findings of the study indicate that knowledge of these factors can be utilised to create a fertile ground for women’s successful persistence in STEM education. Though several studies explored this topic and identified some of these factors discretely, this would be the first study to bring all these major factors together to build a powerful framework for retaining women in STEM studies. The study presents a framework, “A success model for retention of women in STEM higher education”, that recommends powerful retention strategies by incorporating these identified factors.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE CHANGES IN HYPERTROPHIC GEOMETRIC MODELS OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE AND CLINICAL, ANTHROPOMETRIC, METABOLIC-HORMONAL PARAMETERS, AND MINERAL METABOLISM INDICATORS
Authors: Voroniuk Kseniia
Published: March 2023

Objective: to analyze the correlation between the changes in hypertrophic geometric patterns of the left ventricle and the changes in metabolic-hormonal parameters and indicators of mineral metabolism depending on the allelic state of the AGT (rs4762) and GNB3 genes in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).
Material and methods. The case-control study involved 100 patients with EAH stage II, 1–3 degrees of blood pressure (BP) elevation, high and very high cardiovascular risk. Among the patients, there were 21% (21) men and 79% (79) women. The mean age of patients was 59.86 ± 6.22y.o. The control group consisted of 60 apparently healthy individuals, matched on age (49.13 ± 6.28y.o.) and gender distribution (63% women, 37% men). The lipid panel parameters were measured in blood plasma, including TC (total cholesterol), ТG (triglycerides), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). All subjects were tested for serum levels of fasting glucose, ionized calcium, parathyroid (PTH) hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vit D). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and LVH models were examined by echocardiography. Clinical and anthropometric examination methods were used in the study.
Results. Eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (ELVH) in patients with EAH was associated with higher blood pressure than concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (CLVH): systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher by 3.29% and 3.95%, respectively (р ≤ 0.05–0.04). ELHV was associated with higher body mass index and waist circumference (WC) in women – by 7.80% and 7.40% (р ≤ 0.05–0.048), respectively. In addition, the ELVH development was characterized by a lower level of ionized Ca2+ in the blood vs. CLVH (by 2.54%, р = 0.021), while the concentration of PTH in a compensatory manner was higher by 23.86% (р = 0.047), which indicated the calcium homeostasis intensity in EAH patients. The lipids, glucose serum concentration and Vit D level were not associated with any hypertrophic model of myocardium.
Conclusions. Lipid profile, blood glucose, and Vit D concentration did not determine the development of any type of the LVH. ELVH was associated with a lower level of Ca2+ and consequently an elevated level of PTH. The formation of ELVH in patients with EAH was accompanied by a higher level of blood pressure and was also associated with higher BMI and WC.
Factors Associated with the Low Facilities Visit: The Real Expectations of Patients in Cameroonian’s Context
Authors: Bonabe Georges
Published: March 2023

The health district of Mfou is one of the 29 health districts for the Central region of Cameroon. In 2014, the attendance rate of its facilities was 41%, lower than the 80% norm of the Togolese Ministry of Health in 2013. Questioning the factors associated with this low attendance necessitated the identification of links and associations between it and social demographic factors, health satisfaction, and the perception of facilities by the population. To identify factors associated with low attendance in the Mfou Health District. This is a quanti-qualitative, descriptive cross-sectional study that took place from June 15 to September 22, 2018, in the 32 health facilities in the Mfou Health District. The data collection was based on medical consultation records for 84231 enrolled persons, 372 questionnaires administered to patients in health facilities, and 5 patients who underwent interviews. The data analysis was carried out using CSPro 6.2, Survey CTO Collect v2.41, and SPSS 21 software and the manual operation of the audio content of the interviews. This study shows that the attendance rate of health facilities in the health district of Mfou remains low: 39% in 2015 and 42% in 2017. The factors associated with low attendance at health facilities are the lack of health insurance, the rural environment, the poor quality of reception, the low dynamism of community health workers, the high cost of care and services, the need to have a family relative or an acquaintance working in the Hospital and going to the Hospital only when the illness seems serious with a (P˂ 5%). The low attendance of health facilities in the Mfou health district remains a major public health concern. This is associated with many factors for which the involvement of communities is necessary and their inclusion in the development of health policies. Keywords: Factors Associated with Low Attendance of Health Facilities, Health Facilities, and Health Districts.
The Role of Organized Public Forums in Improving Uptake of Skilled Birth Attendants among Women of Reproductive Age in Kilifi County, Kenya
Authors: Manyiwa Johnson S.
Published: March 2023

The skilled and competent attendant is vital in curbing maternal and infant mortality. Promoting the utilization of maternal health services supervised by skilled health professionals greatly aids in bridging the gap in accessing maternal health services such as immunization and postnatal care services. This lack of skilled attendance is one of the major factors responsible for the rising maternal and infant mortality. Thus, there’s still needed to encourage these women to seek out the services of skilled health professionals during childbirth. This study is aimed at investigating the use of an organized public forums approach in influencing the uptake of skilled birth attendants (SBAs) among women of reproductive age in the Kanamai Area, Kilifi County. The study was conducted at Kanamai Area, Kilifi County. A cross-sectional survey was carried out using semi-structured questionnaires as tools of data collection. Simple random sampling was used to recruit the study participants. All analyses were done using R for Windows (version 4.0.3). Both descriptive and inferential analyses were done. Descriptive statistics were used to generate frequency and percentages, while chi-square was used to draw inferences. Association was considered significant if 𝑃 < 0.05. Some of the notable significant factors gathered through our public forum engagement influencing support for delivery assisted by skilled birth attendants (SBAs) were education level, occupation, and parity. There’s a need for the concerned agencies to embrace the use of public forums and other relevant approaches so as to sought out and promote the rate of health services utilization. Keywords: SBAs, Childbirth, Utilization, Health Facilities, Public Forum.
Objective Side (Actus Reus) of Aiding and Abetting War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity
Authors: Karnaukh Bogdan
Published: March 2023

The article addresses the objective side (actus reus) of aiding and abetting in the context of war crimes and crimes against humanity. The main goal is to find out where the line lies between legally relevant involvement and involvement that should not entail liability. The study is based on the analysis of the case law of international criminal tribunals and the jurisprudence of national courts as well. It is an interdisciplinary study, as it aims to formulate conclusions that would be relevant in the context of both criminal and tort liability. It is emphasized that the objective side of aiding and abetting comprises act and causation, since aiding and abetting does not have its own consequence, but instead shares the same consequence which is imputed to the principal perpetrator. Aiding and abetting entails liability as long as the physical assistance or moral support provided has a substantial effect upon the commission of a crime. The substantial effect criterion has to be ascertained based on the study of all the circumstances of a particular case. When assessing the substantiality, it should be taken into account that the actions of an aider and abettor may be related to the crime through a physical or intentional causation. It is not required that the actions of the aider and abettor be a conditio sine qua non (necessary condition) of the principal perpetrator's crime. In the context of mass crimes, such as war crimes or crimes against humanity, it is the mixing of causal contributions that makes it impossible to identify in the circumstances of a particular single episode the traces of each causative factor that was substantial to the overall criminal activity. This should not exempt an aider and abettor from liability, provided that his causal contribution to the overall criminal activity was substantial.
Judicial Impartiality in Civil Proceedings: Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights and Selected Cases of the Supreme Court
Authors: Tsuvina Tetiana
Published: March 2023

The article addresses the issue of judicial impartiality in civil procedure, which is relevant from theoretical and practical perspectives. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main approaches to judicial impartiality as an integral part of the right to a fair trial in terms of the paragraph 1Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights, as well as to analyze the Supreme Court's practice for compliance with the approaches to the interpretation of judicial impartiality developed in the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. In the article the author uses general philosophical, general scientific and special research methods, in particular, dialectical, system-structural, logical and comparative legal methods, method of analysis and synthesis. The judicial impartiality is an integral element of the rule of law and the right to a fair trial. The European Convention on Human Rights and the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights played a key role in the development of international standards of judicial impartiality within the European region. The European Court of Human Rights developed a dual approach to judicial impartiality, distinguishing between subjective and objective impartiality. An additional approach to verifying the impartiality of the court in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights is to distinguish between functional and personal impartiality. The analysis of the Supreme Court practice shows that the latter has not fully accepted the approaches to judicial impartiality developed by the of the European Court of Human Rights. The article analyzes certain cases of the Supreme Court, in which, in the author's opinion, the Supreme Court incorrectly applied the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in order to motivate its decisions. In addition, special attention is paid to the problem of the possibility of judicial disqualification on the grounds of the performance/non-performance of certain procedural powers by a judge. The article can be interesting for legal scholars and practitioners, PhD students and students of law universities.
Energy Security of the European Union in the Context of Russian Aggression against Ukraine
Authors: Yakoviyk Ivan , Tsvelikh Maksym
Published: March 2023

Over the past decades, Russia has used the supply, ownership and control of energy resources as an instrument of its foreign policy to strengthen its political influence not only in the post-Soviet space, but also in the EU member states. During the unprovoked Russian aggression against Ukraine, Moscow used energy policy as an energy weapon (demanding to pay for gas in rubles; stopping gas supplies to certain EU member states, including Poland, Bulgaria, and Finland; reducing the volume of supplies through the Nord Stream pipeline; ignoring the capacities of the Ukrainian GTS; provoking an increase in gas prices), which resulted in an acute energy crisis in the European Union. This prompted the EU and national governments of its member states to make significant adjustments to their energy policies in order to overcome the crisis and prevent gas blackmail by European states as a manipulation to circumvent anti-Russian sanctions and political pressure to withdraw support for Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of ensuring the energy security of the European Union and its member states in the context of the energy crisis caused by Russia's aggression against Ukraine. The article is aimed at studying the impact of Russian aggression on the EU's energy security, assessing the state of the Energy Union in 2022, and analyzing short-term and long-term strategies in the development of relevant supranational and national energy policies, mainly from a European perspective. Modern European national and supranational energy and climate strategies envisage postponing the phase-out of coal, oil, gas and nuclear power, while accelerating the deployment of renewable energy, improving energy efficiency and a mandatory commitment to increase energy storage. The European Union and its member states are overcoming the consequences of the energy crisis by developing and implementing national strategies, the REPowerEU plan, as well as a number of other measures to reduce energy prices and ensure security of supply. The REPowerEU plan is fully in line with the European Green Deal and includes measures to save energy, diversify and ensure security of supply, accelerate the deployment of renewable energy sources and a reasonable mix of investment and reform. The modernization of the EU's energy policy is aligned with the EU's long-term climate goals. The EU also supports new partnerships with neighboring countries, including Ukraine, to accelerate the global transition to green and fair energy.
On the Limits of Law in the Methodological Context of the Relationship between Anthropological and Culturological Approaches
Authors: Lytvynov Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

A variant of concretization of the application of the culturological approach to the study of law in relation to other normative systems regulating the life (functioning) of society is proposed. The culturological approach (as a set of methods that take into account and use the categories of culture) allows, from the author’s point of view, to discover and describe the fundamentals of law as a phenomenon that can manifest itself not only in theform of formalized legal norms and procedures. As a methodological problem, this approach is interpreted as interconnected with the anthropological approach, but qualitatively different from it in appeal to the human, which fundamentally distinguishes the person from other creatures.First of all, it is moral and intellectual in their unity (Reason in the ancient understanding, which developed as a tradition dating back to Solon and Socrates). The relevance and heuristic value of this approach is demonstrated by its application as a way of considering the state of legal reality in post-Soviet states, primarily in Ukraine. The established semantic content of the predicate “post” as predominantly chronological (not chronotopic) allows us to proposea version of the interpretation of legal and social processes in general, which allows us to reveal the destructive role in the erosion of law (primarily in its modern understanding as human rights) not only of Marxism As conclusions the author offers provisions requiring: 1) understanding of such situation;2) using the culturological approach as an expert tool to substantiate this understanding; 3) accentuation of practical actions in the implementation of the principle of the rule of law. In general, this can contribute to the establishment of the limits of law in its modern understanding, primarily as human rights without burdening with the rudiments of the past.
UMA TRADUÇÃO COMENTADA DO ARTIGO “ÁCIDOS E BASES” DE GILBERT NEWTON LEWIS
Authors: dos Santos Regiane , de Queirós Wellington , Damasceno Fernando , Batista Leandro
Published: March 2023

A COMMENTED TRANSLATION OF ACIDS AND BASES BY GILBERT NEWTON LEWIS. Gilbert Newton Lewis was a distinguished scientist in 20th century History of Chemistry. His work remains relevant for physical chemistry, organic chemistry and coordination chemistry nowadays. Lewis is well known by his propose for chemical bond, based on electron sharing. In 1923 he published two theoretical explanations for acids and bases: the former collaborating with Bronsted and Lowry and the later in his book Valence and the Structure of Atoms and Molecules (1923). In this book, the role of electron pairs in acid base reactions was highlighted decentering explanations from detachment/transfer of hydrogen ion. As a result, more substances could be classified as acids and bases. Also, in the context of organic and coordination chemistry new interpretations for reaction mechanisms showed up. The paper translated here, Acids and Bases (1938), makes a strong empirical description of acids and bases behavior. Lewis designed phenomenological criteria as speed of neutralization reactions, strength of the species acid-base titrations, and its applications as catalysts. In this manuscript, we carried out a commented translation of Lewis Acids and Bases published in 1938, considering it an inspiring source for research and educational applications for Portuguese speaking countries.
Reflexiones sobre la educación STEAM, alternativa para el siglo XXI
Authors: Castro-Campos Pedro Alfonso
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo de reflexión se deriva de una investigación sobre la educación STEAM, la cual fundamenta una perspectiva de análisis desde los aportes teóricos y epistémicos. En primera instancia, se abordan elementos conceptuales y antecedentes que han permitido fijar las bases de desarrollo del enfoque. Asimismo, se exponen escenarios, competencias, dimensiones y perfiles de interés desde la óptica argumental, aportando premisas que connotan su potencial educativo hacia la formación holística, y destacando su rol en la formación en competencias para el contexto actual en el cual se articulan la creatividad y la interdisciplinariedad. Paralelo a ello, se examinan estrategias educativas donde se configuran escenarios de aplicación y panoramas que adoptan posiciones críticas o espacios para fortalecer su praxis. Por último, se plantean conclusiones fundadas en los aportes teóricos de autores relevantes de la literatura existente, y se generan proposiciones que esgrimen horizontes positivos para la STEAM como alternativa educativa en el siglo XXI.
Conectividad de estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia generada por el Covid-19
Authors: Domenech Pantoja Geraldis Antonio , Berrío Valbuena Jesús David , Rodríguez-Nieto Camilo Andrés , Cervantes-Barraza Jonathan Alberto , Jiménez-Consuegra Mayra Alejandra , Flórez-Maldonado Emma Ruby , Aroca-Araújo Armando
Published: March 2023

El tema hace referencia a los procesos de conectividad, al acceso a herramientas digitales y disposición de estudiantes universitarios que venían desarrollando sus semestres universitarios de forma presencial, y debido a la emergencia sanitaria producida por el Covid-19, debieron pasar de forma improvisada a clases virtuales. El objetivo general fue indagar sobre la tenencia de herramientas digitales, conectividad y disposición de estudiantes de cara a las clases virtuales. Este artículo es producto de un estudio exploratorio, no experimental y descriptivo donde la información se recogió por medio de una encuesta en línea divulgada en un grupo masivo de WhatsApp, donde hay más de 240 estudiantes de la Licenciatura en matemáticas de la Universidad del Atlántico cuya población total oscila en 790 estudiantes. La conclusión o principales resultados obtenidos son descritos de manera general así: 1) Una categorización de la disposición de los estudiantes a las clases virtuales; 2) Tipo, calidad, uso familiar de herramientas digitales para el acceso a internet; 3) Preferencias en el uso de herramientas, plataformas o aplicaciones para el desarrollo de clases virtuales; y 4) Factores externos que median en la conectividad como por ejemplo el servicio de energía eléctrica.
El aprendizaje cooperativo y la técnica del puzle de Aronson en el aula de música en secundaria
Authors: Blasco-Magraner José Salvador , Català-Saiz Adrián , Marín-Liébana Pablo
Published: March 2023

El aprendizaje realizado de forma cooperativa implica la utilización de grupos reducidos en los que el alumnado trabaja para potenciar su propio aprendizaje y el de los demás compañeros, generándose una serie de respuestas positivas que enriquecen el proceso educativo. En el presente trabajo de investigación han participado 176 alumnos del segundo curso de la ESO de un instituto público situado en el área metropolitana de Valencia. Se utilizó la técnica del puzle de Aronson para desarrollar en el aula de Música los contenidos referidos al Barroco. Para ello, se implementó una metodología mixta, cualitativa y cuantitativa. Se estudiaron los beneficios que esta elección metodológica aporta en secundaria, referidos a la atención a la diversidad, el aprendizaje significativo, la motivación, la integración, el fomento de la cooperación y el trabajo en valores. Los resultados muestran que el aprendizaje cooperativo y la técnica del puzle de Aronson atienden las necesidades educativas, respetan los diferentes ritmos de aprendizaje y aumentan los conocimientos del alumnado.
A Novel Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus expressing
Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Antigen for Potential Cancer
Immunotherapy
Authors: Sato Yuki , Vatsan Ramjay , Joshi Bharat H. , Husain Syed R. , Puri Raj K.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Genetically altered recombinant poxviruses hold great
therapeutic promise in animal models of cancer. Poxviruses can induce effective cellmediated
immune responses against tumor-associated antigens. Preventive and
therapeutic vaccination with a DNA vaccine expressing IL-13Rα2 can mediate partial
regression of established tumors in vivo, indicating that host immune responses against
IL-13Rα2 need further augmentation.

Objective:

The aim of the study is developing a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara
(MVA) expressing IL-13Rα2 (rMVA-IL13Rα2) virus and study in vitro infectivity and
efficacy against IL-13Rα2 positive cell lines.

Methods:

We constructed a recombinant MVA expressing IL-13Rα2 and a green
fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. Purified virus titration by infection of target cells
and immunostaining using anti-vaccinia and anti-IL-13Rα2 antibodies was used to
confirm the identity and purity of the rMVA-IL13Rα2.

Results:

Western Blot analysis confirmed the presence of IL-13Rα2 protein (~52 kDa).
Flow cytometric analysis of IL-13Rα2 negative T98G glioma cells when infected with
rMVA-IL13Rα2 virus demonstrated cell-surface expression of IL-13Rα2, indicating the
infectivity of the recombinant virus. Incubation of T98G-IL13Rα2 cells with varying
concentrations (0.1-100 ng/ml) of interleukin-13 fused to truncated Pseudomonas
exotoxin (IL13-PE) resulted in depletion of GFP+ fluorescence in T98G-IL13Rα2 cells.
IL13-PE (10-1000 ng/ml) at higher concentrations also inhibited the protein synthesis in
T98G-IL13Rα2 cells compared to cells infected with the control pLW44-MVA virus. IL13-
PE treatment of rMVA-IL13Rα2 infected chicken embryonic fibroblast and DF-1 cell line
reduced virus titer compared to untreated cells.

Conclusion:

rMVA-IL13Rα2 virus can successfully infect mammalian cells to express
IL-13Rα2 in a biologically active form on the surface of infected cells. To evaluate the
efficacy of rMVA-IL13Rα2, immunization studies are planned in murine tumor models.
Coronary Artery Aneurysms as a Cause of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Presentation - A Focused Review
Authors: Latif Azka , Tran Amy , Ahsan Junaid , Lateef Noman , Abusina Waiel , Kapoor Vikas , Ahsan Zoraiz , Ahmad Soban , Mirza Mohsin
Published: March 2023

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) are defined as a dilation of a coronary vessel greater than 1.5 times the diameter of a local reference vessel. While CAAs tend to be incidental findings on imaging, they result in complications, such as thrombosis, embolization, ischemia, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Among symptomatic cases, chest pain has been the most common manifestation of CAAs. This necessitates an understanding of CAAs as a cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presentation. However, due to the unclear pathophysiology of CAAs and their variable presentation complicated by similar ACS conditions, there is no clear strategy for CAA management. In this article, we will discuss the contribution of CAAs to ACS presentations and review the current management options for CAAs.
Potential of Herbal Extracts as Sunscreens and Antihyperpigmentation
Treatment
Authors: Kothapalli Lata , Bhosale Komal , Thomas Asha , Sawant Pooja
Published: March 2023

Background:

Skin pigmentation is one of the most serious problems in the adult population
of all races. The underlying factors of skin pigmentation are excessive exposure to UV radiation, oxidative
stress, and other provocative causes that cause melasma, black spots, and post-inflammatory
hyperpigmentation. Hence, treating hyperpigmentation disorders is challenging.

Objective:

Skin pigmentation occurs as a process of melanin biosynthesis triggered by UV exposure.
Tyrosinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-confining step in melanogenesis, if inhibited, can cause
skin hypopigmentation. This has evoked an interest in reviewing plant extracts/ phytoconstituents,
which can serve the purpose of sun protection and treat hyperpigmentation, ensuring skin glow for a
better quality of life.

Methods:

A literature search on Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases was done using
various keywords like hyperpigmentation, melasma, skin-lightening agents, and sunscreen.

Results:

Sun protection products for canopy with photo-aging and skin pigmentation are recommended.
Tyrosinase inhibitors are first-line topical medicines available as single or combined topical formulations.
Hydroquinone, retinoids, corticosteroids, and kojic acid are clinically proven as exceptionally
powerful. However, the adverse effects reported with these small molecules largely impact skin
appearance, dermatitis, and exogenous ochronosis. Currently, there is a rising trend towards comfortable,
fascinating, and well-endured skin depigmenting agents from natural products that might be utilized
by a wide populace.

Conclusion:

This present study aimed at exploring plant and fruit extracts together with their active
ingredients as potential multitargeted anti-hyperpigmentation agents with sunscreen properties, tyrosinase
inhibition, and skin whitening effects.
COVID-19 Vaccination Program for Children: An Electronic Assessment
of Symptoms
Authors: Kumar Naman , Khora Arjun , Loomba Riya , Sharma Nikhil , Kumar Abhishek , Rana Ajay , Kamboj Rohit , Kamboj Sweta , Guarve Kumar , Guatam Surya Prakash
Published: March 2023

Background:

The evolution of COVID-19 vaccinations, which are mostly seen as crucial
to curb the epidemic, is a result of remarkable and ground-breaking researches by scientists
around the world.

Objective:

The main goal of this study was to identify the significant adverse reactions of these
vaccines, specifically in Homo sapiens.

Methods:

In this research, a trial version of Qualtrics CoreXM software was used, and 18 questionnaires
were prototyped as part of an online survey that was done in the northern part of India.

Results:

The dataset included survey responses from 286 vaccinated (Corbevax) respondents' samples
detailing their demographics, daily activities, type of gastronomic preferences, and any prior
illnesses. The data were collected between March 24, 2022, and April 26, 2022. After analysis,
70.98% of respondents who took the first dose of the medication experienced side effects, while
50.62% of respondents who took the second dose of the medication stated the same. The major
side effects reported were injection site pain, fever, tiredness, body ache, headache, etc.

Conclusion:

After conducting a poll on children (aged 12-18) who had received the COVID-19 vaccination,
we concluded that immunizations rarely cause moderate side effects that are manageable.
Circ_0070203 Promotes Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma through miR-370-3p/TGFβR2 Axis
Authors: Tang Qiong , Wen Huiting , Hu Haoyue , Chen Xiaoli , Xu Shuxiu , Fan Li , Liu Longyang , Li Jing
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important biological molecules associated
with the pathogenesis of multiple cancers.

Objective:

This work aimed to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of circ_0070203
in high-grade serous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma (HGSOC).

Methods:

circRNA microarray was conducted to detect the circ_0070203 expression in HGSOC
tissues. Bioinformatics analysis was used to find the binding sites between circ_0070203, miR-
370-3p and TGFβR2. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was executed
to detect the expressions of circ_0070203, miR-370-3p and TGFβR2 in HGSOC tissues and
SKOV3 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the relationships between
miR-370-3p and circ_0070203 or TGFβR2. Besides, transwell assays were conducted to assess the
migrative, invasive abilities of ovarian cancer (OC) cells. Western blotting was adopted to detect
the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. The related patents
were also studied during the research.

Results:

Circ_0070203 and TGFβR2 were upregulated, while miR-370-3p was downregulated in
FIGO stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ HGSOC tissues and SKOV-3 cell lines. circ_0070203 overexpression changed
the expression of other EMT-related proteins and enhanced the migrative, invasive abilities of OC
cells, while silencing circ_0070203 worked oppositely. Mechanistically, circ_0070203 could upregulate
TGFβR2 expression in OC cells via sponging miR-370-3p.

Conclusion:

Circ_0070203 could promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and
metastasis of HGSOC via regulating the miR-370-3p/TGFβR2 axis. Our findings provided a potential
biomarker for HGSOC therapy.
Blood-brain Barrier and Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: From Clinical Insights to Pathogenic Mechanisms and Novel
Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Khor Sarah Lei Qi , Ng Khuen Yen , Koh Rhun Yian , Chye Soi Moi
Published: March 2023

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in the central nervous system by tightly
regulating the influx and efflux of biological substances between the brain parenchyma and peripheral
circulation. Its restrictive nature acts as an obstacle to protect the brain from potentially noxious substances
such as blood-borne toxins, immune cells, and pathogens. Thus, the maintenance of its structural
and functional integrity is vital in the preservation of neuronal function and cellular homeostasis
in the brain microenvironment. However, the barrier’s foundation can become compromised during
neurological or pathological conditions, which can result in dysregulated ionic homeostasis, impaired
transport of nutrients, and accumulation of neurotoxins that eventually lead to irreversible neuronal
loss. Initially, the BBB is thought to remain intact during neurodegenerative diseases, but accumulating
evidence as of late has suggested the possible association of BBB dysfunction with Parkinson’s
disease (PD) pathology. The neurodegeneration occurring in PD is believed to stem from a myriad of
pathogenic mechanisms, including tight junction alterations, abnormal angiogenesis, and dysfunctional
BBB transporter mechanism, which ultimately causes altered BBB permeability. In this review, the
major elements of the neurovascular unit (NVU) comprising the BBB are discussed, along with their
role in the maintenance of barrier integrity and PD pathogenesis. We also elaborated on how the neuroendocrine
system can influence the regulation of BBB function and PD pathogenesis. Several novel
therapeutic approaches targeting the NVU components are explored to provide a fresh outlook on
treatment options for PD.
How do “Young-old” Adults Project their Self? A Study of Self-defining
Future Projections in Normal Ageing
Authors: Fritsch Alain , Voltzenlogel Virginie , Cuervo-Lombard Christine
Published: March 2023

Background:

Self-defining future projections (SDFP) are mental representations of
plausible and highly significant future events that provide core information of one’s understanding
of self.

Objective:

We explored SDFPs in a large sample of older adults and aimed to target the interrelations
between the main dimensions of SDFPs. Moreover, correlations between these dimensions
and clinical and cognitive variables were examined.

Methods:

We recruited 87 young-old adults (60-75 years) with normal cognitive functioning who
were asked to generate three SDFPs.

Results:

We found integrative meaning as a salient dimension and older individuals preferentially
generated projections containing leisure or relationship events. Anxiety and self-esteem were correlated
with integrative meaning and high executive functioning was found to be protective towards
the simulation of future events containing dependence and death or end-of-life events.

Conclusion:

This study will contribute to the understanding of personal goals and identity in normal
ageing.
Crisis
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

More than 7.9 billion people currently inhabit Earth, and the population is growing.
Halting this growth, although possible, would lead to Global economic and social
collapse. Furthermore, the modern economy has a constantly growing demand for
resources. Finally, demographic growth is inextricably linked to overall progress.
Continuous growth versus a limited living space on Earth leads to an unavoidable
crisis.
Colonizing Earth
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

Currently, the human settlement of planet Earth is suboptimal, roughly covering some
15% of its surface. Remediating this problem involves several approaches. Inhospitable
land areas can be "greened” by using modern technology, while the efficiency of
current settlements can be improved. But humans could also take advantage of such
new technologies to colonize the surface of still water bodies, underground and
underwater environments. This enterprise would help us learn revolutionary new ways
of providing food, light, heat and electricity to human populations, techniques that
would also be applicable to other celestial bodies. 
A World of Fire
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

Although our planet’s “twin” in any other aspect and object of several terraformation scenarios, Venus is a very difficult target for human settlement. Due to its extreme atmospheric pressure and temperature, it is the most inhospitable celestial body in our Solar System. This does not mean that terraforming it cannot be done, but in order to do it in a reasonable time, some technologies that are currently out of our reach need to be applied. Wormholes are the best option, coupled with some large-scale megastructure buildings, plus “regular” planetary engineering means. Fortunately, even if it seems like SF, scientists are currently making serious advances towards achieving such technologies. At the end of the process, Venus could be transformed into the most habitable world in our System, a true paradise.
Swellings of Orofacial Structures in Children
Authors: Ray Jay Gopal , Bhaje Priyanka
Published: March 2023

Orofacial swelling is clinically a common problem found in pediatric dental
patients. The causes of these swellings are mostly diverse, and the knowledge about
specific clinical as well as imaging manifestations along with the most affected sites of
these swelling is needed for the formulation of a differential diagnosis. Mid-facial non progressive swelling is usually suggestive of a congenital defect (like a cephalocele,
nasal glioma, epidermoid cyst or nasal dermoid). Swelling that is slowly progressive,
may be indicative of a neurofibroma, hemangioma, vascular malformation, lymph
angioma, pseudocyst or fibrous dysplasia. In cases of facial swellings that are rapidly
progressive and associated with cranial nerve deficits, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing
sarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, metastatic neuroblastoma and osteogenic
sarcoma should also be included in the differential diagnosis. 
Cephalometrics in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Nagaveni N.B.
Published: March 2023

Cephalometrics, introduced by BROADBENT in the year 1931, plays a
crucial role in Pedodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics. It has made it easier and
economical to predict the post-orthodontic results of the patient using this as a tool.
This chapter outlines the basics of cephalometrics, including the indications,
limitations, etc., with special emphasis on its role in Pediatric Dentistry. It lays down
the recent guidelines given by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry for using
cephalometrics in children. It provides details regarding various tools, equipment
required, and methodology of tracing as well as analysing the cephalometric
radiographs. It also enlists the skeletal and dental landmarks and planes needed for the
analysis. Details regarding Down’s, Steiner’s, Tweed’s, and Wit’s analyses have been
explained in this chapter.
With the new era of digitalization, this chapter also highlights the recent advances
made in Cephalometrics, providing information about the different computer-based
programs and smartphone applications available for efficient landmark identification
and analysis. The fundamental essence of the chapter is to help both undergraduate and
even post-graduate pediatric students to have the basic knowledge and information
about Cephalometrics, including its advancements made.
Interceptive Orthodontics and Myofunctional Therapy in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Sharath Chandra H. , Krishnamoorthy S.H. , Sakhare Dhanashree
Published: March 2023

Guidance of eruption and development of primary, mixed, and permanent
dentition has a pivotal role in comprehensive oral healthcare in paediatric dentistry,
which helps to achieve more stable, functionally, and aesthetically acceptable
permanent dentition. Interceptive orthodontics includes procedures carried out in mixed
dentition, and it takes advantage of the growth pattern and development during this
phase. Early diagnosis and treatment of certain malocclusions will eliminate or reduce
the severity of developing malocclusion, which would lessen the complexity of
orthodontic treatment in the future, overall time, and cost. It also improves the child’s
self-esteem, confidence, and parental satisfaction. Overall clinical examination,
radiographic evaluation, and study model analysis with thorough knowledge of growth
and development help in diagnosing and carrying out appropriate interceptive
treatments necessary.
Maintenance of Oral Hygiene in Infants & Children
Authors: Goswami Mousumi , Chawla Sakshi
Published: March 2023

Infant oral care is the foundation on which motivation and education for oral
hygiene and various preventive dental care must be relied upon to augment the
possibility of a life free of preventable dental ailments. Dental assessments and
evaluations for children during their first year of life have been recommended by
various organizations such as the American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry and the
American Association of Paediatrics. A comprehensive infant oral health care program
may include risk assessments at regular dental visits. Preventive approaches include
topical fluoride application, sealants, parental education on the correct methods to clean
the infant’s mouth and establishing a dental home. Infant oral health is an integral part
of the general well-being of an infant as they grow. It encompasses the care of the oral
cavity and monitoring of the teeth’ development. Unfortunately, many expecting mothers,
parents and caregivers of infants often do not receive timely and accurate education
about preventive oral and dental health care. This chapter discusses the importance of
infant oral health care and its clinical implications. The transition required to maintain
oral health as an infant progress to early childhood is highlighted. Appropriate use of
topical and systemic fluoride providing timely and appropriate oral hygiene
instructions is encouraged and discussed.
Minimal Intervention Dentistry
Authors: Kemoli Arthur M. , Iyer Vidya , Saini Sheeba
Published: March 2023

Minimally invasive treatment of dental caries is an approach that uses
conservative management strategies focusing on maximum preservation of tooth
structure. Unlike the principles enumerated by GV Black, which advocated maximal
excavation of carious tooth structure, Minimal Invasive Dentistry (MID) conserves as
much tooth structure as possible and provides a conducive environment for the affected
tooth tissue to self-heal. This chapter enumerates the various modalities of Minimal
Intervention Dentistry or Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID) and discusses
Atraumatic Restorative treatment (ART) in detail. 
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENT CULTURES TO INFLUENCE POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION
Authors:   Department of Midwifery Medicine Faculty, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Nurhidayah Siti
Published: March 2023

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a big problem that could cause effect adversely on postnatal mother’s mental health and cognitive and physical development for their children even though it is well known, disabling, and treatable. The prevalence of postpartum depression in the Middle East hasthe highest number(26%) but in contrast, Europe is on the lowest (8%). Postpartum practices traditionally are utilized for providing care to mothers. However, there are some evidence-based regarding particular outcomes of postpartum depression. Objective: To know about different cultures contributing to postpartum depression. Method: A literature review was conducted across 5 databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Science Direct, and Taylor Francis Online between 2015 and 2021 which related particularly to cultural belief in postpartum and postpartum depression. The result will be determined by literature review. Results: There are a wide range of different culture that were implemented upon postpartum period in Western country and Asian Country resulting postpartum depression. Idealized mother, multitasking, having a good financial, job, bonding with infant, is emphasized in Western Country while Asian Country have certain culture in every region. However, gender is common in both nations to cause depression Conclusion: Postpartum depression is psychological disorder which can suffer during postpartum period culture is one of the included causes of it and gender preference is the most issue which lead postpartum depression. Keywords: cultures, postpartum, depression.