bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of L-Cysteine on Micro-Galvanic Corrosion of ADC12 Aluminum Alloy in a Low-Conductivity Coolant for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Lee Woo-Hyuk , Kim Myeong-Cheol , Kim Geon-Il , Song Ju-Seung , Kim Jung-Gu
Published: February 2024

L-cysteine as a corrosion inhibitor for ADC12 aluminum alloy in a modified coolant solution was investigated. Results reveal its effectiveness as a cathodic inhibitor, suppressing the oxygen reduction reaction. Immersion tests show efficient inhibition of localized corrosion at an optimized L-cysteine concentration of 1.0 mM. A favorable L-cysteine adsorption on θ-Al2Cu is confirmed, enhancing hydrophobicity, and leading to corrosion inhibition. This study proposes a tentative corrosion inhibition mechanism.
Sex differences in sympathetic activity and pulse wave velocity in adults with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Zanuzzi Matias G. , Jeong Jinhee , DaCosta Dana R. , Park Jeanie
Published: February 2024

Males with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have higher resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) compared with females. There was no correlation between MSNA and carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), suggesting that non-neural mechanisms may play a greater role in the progression of vascular stiffness in CKD. Sex differences in SNS activity may play a mechanistic role in observations from epidemiological studies suggesting greater cardiovascular risk in males compared with females with CKD.
Sex differences in energy balance, body composition, and metabolic and endocrine markers during prolonged arduous military training
Authors: O’Leary Thomas J. , Gifford Robert M. , Knight Rebecca L. , Wright Jennifer , Handford Sally , Venables Michelle C. , Reynolds Rebecca M. , Woods David , Wardle Sophie L. , Greeves Julie P.
Published: February 2024

Energy deficits are common in military training and can result in endocrine and metabolic disturbances. This study provides first investigation of sex differences in energy balance, body composition, and endocrine and metabolic markers in response to prolonged and arduous military training. Men experienced greater energy deficits than women due to higher energy expenditure, which was not compensated for by increased energy intake. These energy deficits were not associated with decreases in fat or lean mass or metabolic or endocrine function.
High Diagnostic Accuracy of Long-Term Electrocardiogram Interpretation by General Practitioners
Authors: Jortveit Jarle , Boskovic Miroslav , Sandberg Edvard Liljedahl , Vegsundvåg Jonas , Halvorsen Sigrun
Published: February 2024

Aims. Traditional long-term ECG monitoring systems have primarily been used by cardiologist. New remote and wearable easy-to-use devices have led to increased use of ECG recordings also outside cardiology clinics. The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of interpretation of the one-lead ECG recordings from a patch ECG device (ECG247 Smart Heart Sensor system) by general practitioners (GP). Methods. Norwegian GPs were invited to digitally assess 10 long-term ECG recordings with different arrhythmias performed by the ECG247 Smart Heart Sensor system. For all ECG examinations, the presence/absence of different arrhythmias was registered. Results. A total of 40 GPs accepted the invitation and assessed all the 10 long-term ECG recordings. All the tests were assessed as interpretable by all the GPs. Arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation/flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, and ventricular tachycardia) were correctly identified in most cases, with sensitivity of 98% (95% CI 95-99%), specificity of 75% (95% CI 68-82%), and diagnostic accuracy of 89% (85-92%). Incorrect automatic system algorithm interpretations were rarely corrected by the GPs. Conclusion. GPs interpreted one-lead recordings by the ECG247 Smart Heart Sensor system with high diagnostic accuracy for common arrhythmias. However, in cases with rare arrhythmias, we recommend consulting a cardiologist to confirm the diagnosis before treatment is initiated. This trial is registered with NCT04700865.
Modulation of Physical and Thermal Properties in Wild Banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) Seed Powder by Moisture Variations
Authors: Meghwal Murlidhar , Lekhwar Chitra , Kumar Yogesh , Kumar Vivek , Suhag Rajat , Prabhakar Pramod K.
Published: February 2024

Engineering and flow properties of banana seed powder as a function of moisture content are important for processing, handling, packaging, and transport processes. The bulk density, tapped density, and porosity increased from 377.37 to 427.36 kg m-3, 622.08 to 746.33 kg m-3, and 38.99-43.74%, respectively, within the increasing moisture content range. The Hausner ratio (Hr) and Carr’s compressibility index (CI) significantly (p<0.05) increased with an increase in moisture content (6.16-19.56% db) of banana seed powder, whereas HR fell in the range of 1.4-2.0, indicating cohesive characteristics of banana seed powder. The angle of repose, angle of spatula, and angle of fall exhibited a linear increase, ranging from 40.6° to 49°, 33.4° to 39.4°, and 35.6° to 42.6°, respectively, with increasing moisture content. The static coefficient of friction was found to be highest for aluminium and glass surfaces and least for stainless steel. The water activity and swelling power of banana seed powder showed a significant increase, while the solubility and oil absorption capacity exhibited a significant decrease within the range of increasing moisture content. The thermal characteristics of wild banana seed powder, such as thermal conductivity (0.16 to 0.20 Wm−1 K−1) and volumetric specific heat (0.58 to 0.99 MJm−3 K−1), demonstrated an increasing trend as the moisture content increased. However, the thermal diffusivity showed a decrease from 0.31 to 0.19 (×10−6 m2s−1) with the increase in moisture content.
Ecological and Genetic Landscapes of Global H12 Avian Influenza Viruses and Biological Characteristics of an H12N5 Virus Isolated from Wild Ducks in Eastern China
Authors: Wang Mengjing , Guo Jing , Zhang Hong , Sun Xiaohong , Shen Jinyan , Guan Mengdi , Liu Lili , Liu Wenqiang , Yu Zhijun , Ren Anran , Li Yubao , Li Xuyong
Published: February 2024

Wild migratory birds are considered the central reservoirs of avian influenza viruses. H12 viruses are one of the 16 hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes of avian influenza viruses and are rarely reported because they are infrequently detected in birds. Consequently, the ecological and genetic profiles of H12 viruses and their adaptation in domestic birds and mammals remain unclear. Here, we found that H12N5 viruses were predominant in the nine identified H12NX subtypes, with the HA (H12) and neuraminidase (NA) (N5) genes showing combination bias in the categorized analysis of subtype combinations (H12 and N1–N9; H1–H12, H14, H15, and N5). These identified H12N5 viruses were primarily detected in birds of Anatidae and Scolopacidae in North America, excluding their possible characterization as chicken or mammalian viruses. The H12N5 viruses were divided into the North American lineage and Eurasian lineage according to their genetic differences, including the HA and NA surface genes and internal genes, although reassortment was observed between the two lineages. We isolated an Eurasian‐lineage H12N5 virus from wild ducks in Eastern China, which was one of the 12 identified H12 viruses in China. Infectivity studies indicated that the H12N5 virus is poorly adapted to domestic ducks and chickens, although viral shedding could be detected in both inoculated and contact birds. Additionally, the naturally isolated H12N5 virus did not achieve good replication in mice. These results indicate that the rare subtype of H12 viruses was mainly pooled in wild migratory birds and has an established phylogeography, with low risks of spillover into domestic birds and mammals.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Associated Factors of Implant Use in Women, Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Kaleab Tesfaye , Teferi Girma , Wudu Tadele Kassahun , Abinew Yideg , Tegegne Eleni Tesfaye , Tessema Mekibib Kassa
Published: February 2024

Background. The world is in a dramatic expansion of population that resulted from the continued high birth rates in developing countries. At present, only a handful of countries have reduced fertility rates. That is enough to make gains as a result of reduced fertility or to ensure that their population will stabilize unforeseeable future. Ethiopia is the second largest country by population in Africa, but contraceptive use in Ethiopia is still low. Objective. The main objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice and associated factors towards implant use among married reproductive age group women. Method. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to collect the data from 272 married reproductive age group women attending the family planning clinic at Ejere Health Center from October 9, 2021 to November 24, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select and approach the study subjects. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS window version 21, and bi variable, multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. A P value of less than 0.05 and 95% CI was considered to be statistically significant. Finally, the result was presented using tables and graphs. Result. The finding shows that most of the respondents know implant (87.6%). Concerning the practice of implants, the overall prevalence of implants was 51 (20.6%), and in attitude towards implant utilization among study clients, most of them wrongly believed that using implant can result in irregular uterine bleeding and cause pain during insertion and removal. Mothers who attended primary school 2.580 times (AOR=2.580, 95% CI: 1.255-5.305, P value =0.01) had more positive attitudes than those who could not read and write. Mothers having positive attitude were 2.066 times (AOR=2.066, 95% CI: 1.185-3.600, P value =0.01) knowledgeable about implant than those with negative attitudes. Conclusion. Even if most of the respondents were knowledgeable, practice and attitude towards implant utilization were low. To overcome this gap, we recommended adequate early counseling, on possible side effects, and creating awareness on implant contraceptive services and refresher courses for health workers regarding implant contraception should be given regularly regarding reproductive issues.
Supplementary Table S1 from Discovery and Preclinical Activity of BMS-986351, an Antibody to SIRPα That Enhances Macrophage-mediated Tumor Phagocytosis When Combined with Opsonizing Antibodies
Authors: Chan Henry , Trout Christina V. , Mikolon David , Adams Preston , Guzman Roberto , Mavrommatis Konstantinos , Abbasian Mahan , Hadjivassiliou Haralambos , Dearth Lawrence , Fox Brian A. , Sivakumar Pallavur , Cho Ho , Hariharan Kandasamy
Published: February 2024

Abundance of the most prevalent CD47–SIRPα binding interface haplotypes
Supplementary Figure S3 from Discovery and Preclinical Activity of BMS-986351, an Antibody to SIRPα That Enhances Macrophage-mediated Tumor Phagocytosis When Combined with Opsonizing Antibodies
Authors: Chan Henry , Trout Christina V. , Mikolon David , Adams Preston , Guzman Roberto , Mavrommatis Konstantinos , Abbasian Mahan , Hadjivassiliou Haralambos , Dearth Lawrence , Fox Brian A. , Sivakumar Pallavur , Cho Ho , Hariharan Kandasamy
Published: February 2024

Rituximab dose selection based on macrophage phagocytosis in CD20-positive NHL cell lines. Data showed that a rituximab dose of 0.1 nM induced maximal phagocytosis in OCI-Ly3 cells.
Dasar Fisiologi dan Molekuler Bioremediasi
Authors: Arumingtyas Estri Laras , Mastuti Retno , Jatmiko Yoga Dwi , Siswanto Dian , Kusnadi Joni
Published: February 2024

Buku “Dasar Fisiologi dan Molekuler Bioremediasi” ini lebih menekankan pada dasar biokimia atau fisiologi serta molekuler dari pencemar dan proses bioremediasinya, selain membahas tentang jenis-jenis pencemar, pencemaran, dan teknik-teknik bioremediasi dengan memanfatkan berbagai organisme. Perbedaan fisiologi dan molekuler proses bioremediasi dengan menggunakan berbagai organisme yang berbeda (mikroba, fungi, alga, dan tanaman) diuraikan dalam bab-bab buku ini. Buku ini berfokus pada aspek-aspek fisiologi, biokimia dan/atau molekuler yang mendasari proses pencemaran dan penghilangan/ pengubahan bahan pencemar. Penulisan buku ini bertujuan untuk memberikan sumber rujukan yang penting bagi peneliti, dosen, dan mahasiswa serta semua kalangan yang berminat dan memudahkan pembaca mendapatkan informasi tentang mekanisme fisiologi dan molekuler yang yang mendasari pencemaran/pengaruh pencemar serta proses bioremediasi. Diharapkan dengan pengetahuan tersebut akan membantu pembaca untuk mempraktikkan kegiatan bioremediasi atau bahkan mengembangkan teknik bioremediasi sesuai kondisi dan kebutuhannya.
Konversi Biokimia pada Biomassa
Authors: Mufidah Elya , Suhartini Sri
Published: February 2024

Pada buku yang berjudul ‘Konversi Biokimia pada Biomassa ini, pembaca akan diajak dalam sebuah perjalanan yang menarik, menggali konsep dan prinsip dasar biokimia yang terlibat dalam proses konversi biomassa. Mengungkap dengan jelas bagaimana biomassa dapat diubah melalui reaksi biokimia menjadi berbagai produk energi seperfi biofuel, biogas, dan produk dari proses biokimia yang terjadi lainnya serta bisa dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai manfaat. Tidak hanya menyajikan teori, tetapi juga menghadirkan contoh praktis, studi kasus, dan penemuan terbaru dalam bidang biokimia biomassa. Ditulis dengan bahasa yang mudah dipahami dan didukung oleh ilustrasi dan diagram yang jelas, mengajak pembaca dari berbagai latar belakang, mulai dari pelajar, mahasiswa, peneliti, hingga praktisi industri.
Analisis Bayesian: Teori dan Aplikasi dengan R
Authors: Astutik Suci , Astuti Ani Budi , Efendi Achmad , Darmanto Darmanto , Irsandy Diego , Saniyawati Fang You Dwi Ayu Shalu
Published: February 2024

Analisis Bayesian, Teori dan Aplikasinya dengan R membahas tentang konsep dan beberapa teknik analisis Bayesian untuk menyelesaikan kasus/data yang pada single atau multiparameter dengan pendekatan teori dan penggunaan software R yang mudah dipahami untuk berbagai pengguna seperti mahasiswa, dosen, peneliti dan praktisi dari berbagai bidang ilmu. Buku ini terdiri dari sembilan bahasan, yaitu Konsep Analisis Bayesian, Analisis Bayesian pada Single Parameter, Analisis Bayesian pada Multiparameter, Algoritma Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), Analisis Bayesian pada Regresi Linier, Analisis Bayesian pada Regresi Logistik, Analisis Bayesian pada model Mixture, Analisis Bayesian pada RJMCMC, serta Analisis Bayesian pada Bayes Factor. Konsep Analisis Bayesian membahas pentingnya mempelajari analisis Bayesian, perbedaan Analisis Bayesian dengan pendugaan parameter pendekatan klasik dan mereviu materi peluang yang banyak digunakan dalam Analisis Bayesian.Analisis Bayesian pada single parameter membahas inferensi pendugaan satu parameter pada distribusi peluang variabel acak diskrit maupun kontinu. Analisis Bayesian pada multiparameter membahas inferensi pendugaan lebih dari satu parameter pada distribusi peluang variabel acak diskrit maupun kontinu. Algoritma MCMC membahas algoritma yang banyak digunakan dalam menyelesaikan pendugaan parameter dengan analisis Bayesian.Pembahasan MCMC di buku ini menggunakan algoritma Gibbs Sampler. Analisis Bayesian pada Regresi Linier membahas pendugaan parameter Regresi Linier dengan menggunakan analisis Bayesian pada regresi dengan variabel respon kontinu baik pada regresi linier sederhana maupun regresi linier berganda. Analisis Bayesian pada Regresi Logistik membahas pendugaan parameter Regresi Logistik dengan menggunakan analisis Bayesian pada regresi dengan variabel respons kategori baik pada satu variabel prediktor maupun lebih dari satu variabel prediktor. Analisis Bayesian pada model Mixture membahas pendugaan parameter model mixture normal yang dapat menangai distribusi data yang lebih kompleks (memiliki lebih dari satu pusat data). Analisis Bayesian pada RJMCMC membahas perluasan atau pengembangan dari MCMC yang banyak digunakan pada model Mixture. Analisis Bayesian pada Bayes faktor membahas akurasi pendugaan parameter model dengan Analisis Bayesian. Setiap teknik analisis Bayesian dalam buku ini dilengkapi dengan contoh dan penyelesaiannya secara teori dan menggunakan software Open Source R. Penjelasan secara detail masing-masing teknik analisis Bayesian dan contoh penggunaannya dapat dilihat dalam buku Analisis Bayesian, Teori dan Aplikasinya dengan R.
Nas margens e nos sonhos: uma Escola Xavante na Aldeia Etenhiritipá
Authors: Zuquim Maria de Lourdes , Souza Elizabeth Othon de
Published: February 2024

Este texto é um relato do projeto de extensão “Espaços de brincar, de aprender e de ensinar: Uma Escola Xavante na Aldeia Etenhiritipá”. Apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento dos ensaios de projeto justaposto às vivências na Aldeia. Os caminhos percorridos nesta atividade foram traçados em estreita relação entre os indivíduos e lideranças da aldeia e o grupo de professores e alunos da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, em parceria com o Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso.
A conformação de metáforas na terminologia do petróleo motivadas pela relação homem-mundo: os campos semânticos vestuário, família e cores
Authors: Silveira Theciana Silva
Published: February 2024

O presente texto tem como objetivo analisar as metáforas motivadas pela relação homem-mundo nos campos semânticos vestuário, família e cores, na terminologia do petróleo. Fundamenta-se no viés cognitivo da metáfora, de Lakoff e Johnson (2015), e no prisma comunicativo e sociocognitivo da Terminologia, de Cabré (1999) e Temmerman (2000), respectivamente. Tomou-se como fonte de dados a única obra terminográfica em língua portuguesa sobre o petróleo, intitulada Dicionário do petróleo em língua portuguesa: exploração e produção de petróleo e gás. Com base nas análises, foi possível observar que as metáforas da terminologia do petróleo são motivadas pela relação homem-mundo, alicerçadas nas experiências do cotidiano, sobretudo nos campos semânticos vestuário, família e cores. Desse modo, entende-se que a metáfora não está ligada apenas ao recurso estilístico, como preconizado pela visão clássica, mas faz parte de um processo mental em que se estrutura um conceito a partir de outro, baseados nas experiências cotidianas.
Fake his: a falsa inclusão nos eixos de mobilidade via produção habitacional de mercado
Authors: Stroher Laisa Eleonora Maróstica , Santoro Paula Freire , Canan Henrique Giovani , Souza Paula Victoria Santos Gonçalves de
Published: February 2024

There is a clear instrumentalization of the theme of social housing (SH) as a “false problem” that justifies various urban and housing incentives for real estate market production. This is produced, but is inaccessible to those who need housing, a “fake SH”. In the article, after the introduction – where we problematize the incentives for SH and in the Axes –, we analyze the dynamics related to the spatialization of real estate releases between 2008 and 2019, for the economic segment, the characteristics of these properties in the analyzed subspaces of the Axes, Center and East Zone (price, size, units, utilization coefficient, etc.) and the developers that benefited from the incentives. Cartographies and analyzes show that, despite incentives, this does not happen in the axes, areas better offered by public transport, and when it does, it produces tiny and expensive units. The Axes seem to follow the same logic of social homogenization of higher income families. Production distances itself from the desired socio-spatial inclusion and is even more involved in the mechanisms of financial-real estate accumulation, in the logic of housing as a real estate-financialized asset.
Proposta de estudos mecânicos do violão baseada na divisão entre parâmetros e recursos
Authors: Canilha Cauã Borges , Wolff Daniel , Gloeden Edelton
Published: February 2024

No presente texto é apresentada a proposta metodológica que visa analisar demandas mecânicas do violão baseada na diferenciação entre os conceitos de parâmetros e recursos, apresentada em XXXXXXXXXXXXX (2017), de XXXXXX. Agora sua aplicabilidade é testada nos 12 Estudos, de Heitor Villa-Lobos. São também referências centrais deste trabalho: Técnica, mecanismo y aprendizaje (2000), de Eduardo Fernandez, Escuela de la guitarra (1979), de Abel Carlevaro, e Teoria da digitação: um protocolo de instâncias, princípios e perspectivas para a construção de um cenário digitacional ao violão (2014), de Alisson Alípio. A proposta se mostra aplicável a obra de Villa-Lobos, obtendo-se vantagens em relação à análise das demandas mecânicas, ao planejamento de estratégias de estudo, às notações possíveis e à utilização na prática docente.
Interação simbólico-social na formação musical da cantoria nordestina
Authors: Ribeiro Fábio Henrique Gomes , Rodrigues Rodolfo
Published: February 2024

A perspectiva simbólico-interacionista tem se destacado nos estudos sociais e nas humanidades como uma das principais formas de compreensão de ações e formas expressivas humanas. Nesta perspectiva, este texto reflete sobre dimensões simbólico-interativas na formação musical e as perspectivas em torno da ideia de “dom” de três cantadores repentistas do Estado do Ceará, tomando como base um estudo de caso sobre seus processos de transmissão musical. A partir de entrevistas realizadas com os três cantadores, as análises e interpretações são desenvolvidas em articulação com o referencial do interacionismo simbólico do sociólogo Erving Goffman, a fim de entender como os atos simbólicos produzem significados na construção do “artista profissional” durante os processos de transmissão. Os resultados apontam para a perspectiva de manifestação do dom a partir de uma base social. Assim, o ambiente social apresenta-se como fundamental para a formação do repentista, pois possibilita a absorção dos elementos estéticos, identitários e culturais da arte que compõem aquele cenário.
Tres compositores en Latinoamérica: entrevistas a Javier Álvarez, Tatiana Catanzaro y Germán Toro Pérez.
Authors: Quaranta Daniel , Colasanto Francisco
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo fue realizado con el apoyo del Programa de Estancias de Investigación de la Universidad Autónoma de México 2023 y tiene como objetivo presentar una serie de diálogos mantenidos con dos compositores y una compositora latinoamericanos. Estas entrevistas críticas no pretenden abarcar todos los aspectos del trabajo de éstos, sino reflexionar sobre su obra, los años de formación, los caminos recorridos como creadores, etc. Las entrevistas fueron realizadas en diferentes circunstancias y forman parte de un proyecto mayor que pretende reflexionar sobre el panorama de la composición musical en Latinoamérica. Los compositores seleccionados para este trabajo son: Javier Álvarez, Tatiana Catanzaro y Germán Toro Pérez.
Dalcroze e a questão do ritmo na educação musical: sobre a tradução de L’Éducation par le Rythme
Authors: Madureira José Rafael
Published: February 2024

Tradução do ensaio L’Éducation par le Rythme (A educação pelo ritmo), escrito pelo compositor e pedagogo suíço Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865-1950) e publicado na revista Le Rythme em 1909. A tradução é precedida de uma apresentação na qual o contexto biográfico do autor é brevemente elucidado, assim como os tópicos centrais do texto.
Expressões decoloniais e representações musicais periféricas nos filmes Branco Sai, Preto Fica e Mato Seco em Chamas
Authors: Mendonça Joezer de Souza
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise de canções presentes em dois filmes dirigidos por Adirley Queirós, “Branco Sai, Preto Fica” (2014) e “Mato Seco em Chamas” (2019, codirigido por Joana Pimenta). Em relação ao primeiro filme, examinamos o grupo de canções selecionadas pelos personagens para construir uma bomba sonora que será lançada contra a cidade de Brasília. No segundo filme, observamos como os tipos de canto e canções contribuem para elucidar os pensamentos e motivações das personagens femininas. Por meio da perspectiva teórica decolonial e de conceitos sobre a motivação da presença da música no cinema, nosso objetivo é compreender os modos como a canção atua como dispositivo de mobilização da subversão política e representação da escuta das populações em condições de subalternidade social.
Electric-field-based dosing for TMS
Authors: Numssen Ole , Kuhnke Philipp , Weise Konstantin , Hartwigsen Gesa
Published: February 2024

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an invaluable non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique to modulate cortical activity and behavior, but high within- and between-participant variability limits its efficacy and reliability. Here, we explore the potential of electric field (e-field) based TMS dosing to reduce its variability and discuss current challenges as well as future pathways. In contrast to previous dosing approaches, e-field dosing better matches the stimulation strength across cortical areas, both within and across individuals. Challenges include methodological uncertainties of the e-field simulation, target definitions, and comparability of different stimulation thresholds across cortical areas and NIBS protocols. Despite these challenges, e-field dosing promises to substantially improve NIBS applications in neuroscientific research and personalized medicine.
Description of the final stadium larva of Anisopleura furcata Selys, 1891 (Odonata: Euphaeidae) from Thailand
Authors: KEETAPITHCHAYAKUL TOSAPHOL SAETUNG , ORR ALBERT G. , WONGKAMHAENG KORAON
Published: February 2024

The final stadium larva of Anisopleura furcata Selys, 1891 is described and illustrated. The larva can be separated from all known Anisopleura Selys, 1853 larvae by the following characters: the profusion of elongated tubercles on the labrum and antefrons, the presence of a long bifid spur on the outer margin of the mandibles, presence of a row of claviform setae on dorsal apex of tarsus, and antennae 8-segmented. The inner lobe of the labial palps forms a tiny truncate tooth broadly similar to the condition in all other known members of the genus. Diagnostic features that separate this species from potentially syntopic euphaeid genera are discussed.
Seasonal and Interannual Movement of the Mindanao Current Retroflection at the Pacific Entrance of the Indonesian Seas
Authors: Wang Kunxiang , Yuan Dongliang , Ren Kaixin
Published: February 2024

The seasonal and interannual variations of the Mindanao Current (MC) retroflection are studied using surface geostrophic currents of satellite altimeters covering January 1993–December 2019. The results show that the Mindanao Current mainstream retroflects back to the Pacific Ocean north of the Talaud Islands in boreal summer and intrudes into the northern Maluku Sea in boreal winter. The variation of the MC retroflection has resulted in the seasonal movement of the sea surface color fronts at the entrance of the Indonesian seas, both of which are highly correlated to the seasonal transport variations of the North Equatorial Countercurrent, lagging the latter due to the westward propagation of the seasonal Rossby waves. The MC retroflection and sea surface color fronts are found to move synchronously on interannual time scales at the Pacific entrance of the Indonesian seas, with the Niño-3.4 index lagging by about 2 months. The MC retroflection intrudes anomalously deeper than the seasonal cycle into the northern Maluku Sea in El Niño winters, while it tends to take a leaping path in La Niña winters. During El Niño summers, the leaping path of the MC is changed into a penetrating path sometimes.

Significance Statement

The Mindanao Current is the western boundary current (WBC) of the North Pacific Ocean tropical gyre and is much stronger than the ocean interior gyre circulation. This equatorward WBC forces strong exchanges between the equatorial Pacific and the marginal seas as it turns eastward at the entrance of the Indonesian seas. The path of the Mindanao Current retroflection is very important for Rossby wave reflection and for Indo-Pacific interbasin exchange leading to global repercussions, both of which are thought to be controlled by linear dynamics in the past. Here, we disclose the seasonal and interannual movement of the retroflection path, showing strong nonlinear dynamics important for ENSO and interocean exchange.
Feasibility of Estimating Sea Surface Height Anomalies from Surface Ocean Currents and Winds
Authors: O’Neill Larry W. , Chelton Dudley B. , Rodríguez Ernesto , Samelson Roger , Wineteer Alexander
Published: February 2024

We propose a method to reconstruct sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) from vector surface currents and winds. This analysis is motivated by the proposed satellite ODYSEA, which is a Doppler scatterometer that measures coincident surface vector winds and currents. If it is feasible to estimate SSHA from these measurements, then ODYSEA could provide collocated fields of SSHA, currents, and winds over a projected wide swath of ∼1700 km. The reconstruction also yields estimates of the low-frequency surface geostrophic, Ekman, irrotational, and nondivergent current components and a framework for separation of balanced and unbalanced motions. The reconstruction is based on a steady-state surface momentum budget including the Ekman drift, Coriolis acceleration, and horizontal advection. The horizontal SSHA gradient is obtained as a residual of these terms, and the unknown SSHA is solved for using a Helmholtz–Hodge decomposition given an imposed SSHA boundary condition. We develop the reconstruction using surface currents, winds, and SSHA off the U.S. West Coast from a 43-day coupled ROMS–WRF simulation. We also consider how simulated ODYSEA measurement and sampling errors and boundary condition uncertainties impact reconstruction accuracy. We find that temporal smoothing of the currents for periods of 150 h is necessary to mitigate large reconstruction errors associated with unbalanced near-inertial motions. For the most realistic case of projected ODYSEA measurement noise and temporal sampling, the reconstructed SSHA fields have an RMS error of 2.1 cm and a model skill (squared correlation) of 0.958 with 150-h resolution. We conclude that an accurate SSHA reconstruction is feasible using information measured by ODYSEA and external SSHA boundary conditions.
Understanding Patient Utilization Patterns of Cochlear Implant Processors
Authors: Babajanian Eric E. , Cervantes Meghan M. , Gordon Steven A. , Johnson Kathryn M. , Horn Mary Leigh , Patel Neil S. , Gurgel Richard K.
Published: February 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the extent of benefit the second processor provides and to better understand utilization patterns regarding cochlear implant (CI) sound processors.

Background

Institutional contracts determine the external CI sound processor hardware that a patient is eligible for. Despite the high prevalence of CI worldwide, there is a paucity in the literature regarding patient preferences and how patients utilize provided external hardware.

Methods:

A close-ended, multiple-choice survey was mailed to all patients over the age of 18 years who underwent CI between 2016 to 2020 at a tertiary academic medical center. Patients who received their CI hardware prior to 2018 were provided 2 processors, whereas those who received their hardware in 2018 or later were provided 1 processor.

Results:

A total of 100/263 surveys were returned for a response rate of 38.0%. Of the cohort with 1 processor, 31.3% experienced a period without a functioning processor and access to sound compared to 5.6% of the cohort with 2 processors ( P = −.003). Of the cohort with 2 processors, 24.3% noted that they often or always utilize their second processor. When asked how important having a second processor was, 62.9% of the 2-processor group responded that it was very important ( P = .001). The most common reason for utilizing the second processor was a damaged primary processor. Patients who received 2 processors had a significantly lower number of postoperative audiology clinic visits for device troubleshooting ( P < .001).

Conclusion

Patients who have 2 CI external processors identify this as being very important to them and experience significantly less time without access to sound due to lack of a functioning processor. As institutional contracts often dictate whether a patient will receive 1 or 2 sound processors with their CI hardware, it is important to understand patient preferences and utilization patterns in order to guide patient-centric policies.
The Relationships Between Mental Health and Violent Offending Among Serious Adolescent Offenders: An Examination of the Mediating Role of Experienced and Witnessed Victimization
Authors: Kim Jihoon , Harris Michelle N. , Lee Yeungjeom
Published: February 2024

Although a long line of research has examined the association between mental health and offending, previous literature primarily focused on the uni-directional path from mental health problems to offending, or vice versa. Also, there is still much to learn about how different types of victimization are related to the link between the two. To examine these questions, a series of fixed-effect models were employed to examine (1) the assessment of the relationship between mental health and violent offending and (2) the mediating role of experienced and witnessed victimization in that relationship. The results show a significant relationship between mental health and violent offending, while differences were found between the two types of victimization. Limitations and future research suggestions were discussed
Political polarization and intimate distance: Negotiating family conflicts during a high-risk protest movement
Authors: Lai Ruby YS
Published: February 2024

Political polarization not only threatens democracy, but also disrupts family lives, causing clashes between family members with discordant political orientations. This article examines how individuals negotiate family conflicts during political divides, by focusing on the Anti-Extradition Bill Movement in Hong Kong. Based on data drawn from interviews conducted with 37 self-identified protest participants, I develop the concept of intimate distance in order to capture the way in which the participants negotiated political disagreements with their immediate family. Individuals make peace with their families during a high-risk movement, not merely by restoring closeness, but also by adjusting the intimate distance with their family members in three interconnected aspects: everyday family life, cognitive and emotional aspects. Individuals employ a repertoire of practices, together with emotion work and boundary work, to alleviate confrontations, rebuild consensus, and contain political risks. This study contributes to a more nuanced conceptualization of intimacy and family conflict resolution, and unravels the impact of family interactions on the intensification or alleviation of ideological and affective polarization in relation to the interpersonal and societal level.
Daily Functional Characteristics and Health Among Older Adults During COVID-19: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Rosenblum Sara , Cohen Elimelech Ortal
Published: February 2024

Within a few years, 1 in 6 people will be aged 60 years or older. Extreme situations, such as the COVID-19 crisis, constitute a challenge to older adults. However, the literature on the daily functional characteristics of older adults in the past and during the COVID-19 crisis and their relationships to their physical and mental health is scarce. This study aimed to examine the past and present daily functional factors associated with physical and mental health in older adults. Using an online platform, 204 Israelis aged 60 years and older reported their physical health symptoms and anxiety levels. They completed questionnaires about past (negative life events and childhood daily functional self-actualization) and present (adulthood daily functional self-actualization, functional cognition and sleep quality) factors. Structural equation modeling revealed correlations between functional cognition and childhood daily functional self-actualization (β = −.18) and anxiety (β = .15); adulthood daily functional self-actualization and past negative life events (β = −.18), anxiety (β = −.50), and physical symptoms (β = −16); and sleep quality and past childhood daily functional self-actualization (β = −.19), negative life events (β = .22), anxiety (β = .18), and physical symptoms (β = .40). These findings shed light on potential functional factors for older adults’ health, indicating that these functional factors play a vital role in reducing health problems in later life.
Too little, too vague: How populist parties talk about deliberation in Europe
Authors: Gherghina Sergiu , Mitru Bettina
Published: February 2024

Populist parties place the people at the centre of polity and politics. Such parties refer to direct democracy as a suitable avenue to involve people in the decision-making process but much less is known about their approaches towards deliberation. This article seeks to address this gap in the literature and analyses how populist parties talk about deliberation in their election manifestos. It tests empirically how much they speak about deliberation and whether they have a generic discourse as opposed to specific references to forms of deliberation and levels of implementation. Our qualitative content analysis draws on the election manifestos of 84 political parties from the Manifesto Project Dataset in 23 European democracies in the national elections between 1996 and 2021. The results indicate that populists talk considerably less and use vague language about the levels of implementation compared to non-populists.
Scaling effects of manufacturing processes and actuation sources on control of remotely powered micro actuators
Authors: Heo Jae-Kyung , Kausthubharam  , Jung Minyong , Kim Wonjin , Jeong Suhwan , Song Dae-Seob , Quan Ying-Jun , Jeon Ji Ho , Ribeiro de Moura Rodrigo , Ahn Sung-Hoon
Published: February 2024

Over the past decade, remotely powered micro actuators have gained increased attention for biomedical and environmental remediation applications, owing to their ability to access confined regions and the nonintrusive nature of control. Recent studies focus on improving the functionality and versatility of micro actuators through the development of new fabrication and actuation techniques. However, there is a possibility that a limited understanding of the scaling impact of various physical principles governing design and control has affected the successful implementation of such devices in practical scenarios. Thus, the main focus of this review is to evaluate the most widely utilized manufacturing methods and remote actuation sources in light of various characteristics such as resolution, productivity, shape complexity, actuation speed, actuation mode, operating medium, and so on. State-of-the-art developments in each type of manufacturing and actuation are introduced and delineated. Finally, the limitations of current devices are reviewed, and the future direction to enable the full potential of this field is provided.
Policy scenario of plastic waste mitigation in Indonesia using system dynamics
Authors: Apriadi Bagus Fadhilah , Setiawan Rulli Pratiwi , Firmansyah Irman
Published: February 2024

Plastic waste has become a major contributor to global environmental pollution. Some of the environmental impacts of plastic waste include littering, the formation of plastic debris in oceans and the contamination of freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Policymakers face great challenges in mitigating plastic waste. Indonesia is considered the second largest contributor of plastic waste in the world. However, existing policies have not addressed this issue. Policies, such as bans on single-use plastic bags and fees on plastic bags, have recently been implemented in some pilot cities, but the results remain unclear. Thus, this study proposes feasible policies to mitigate plastic waste in Indonesia using system dynamics. Specifically, this study seeks to develop a dynamic model of plastic waste mitigation and to propose a policy scenario for plastic waste mitigation. The proposed policies consist of a plastic bag ban, a plastic bag fee, a recycling centre and extended producer responsibility (EPR). The analysis demonstrates that an effective mixed policy instrument for reducing plastic waste depends on the plastic waste type. Regarding plastic bottles, the effective mixed policy is a combination of a recycling centre and EPR. For plastic bags, the effective mixed policies include the following combinations: a plastic bag fee and plastic bag ban, a plastic bag fee and recycling centre and a plastic bag ban and recycling centre.
Social cost–-benefit analysis of solid waste management options with application to Mumbai, India
Authors: Jardosh Nishith , Kathuria Vinish
Published: February 2024

Managing solid waste continues to be an environmental, technical and economic challenge, especially for developing countries. Though these countries’ urban local bodies (ULBs) are moving up the waste management hierarchy, most waste is still openly dumped. One key reason for this choice is the non-accounting of (a) social costs associated with open dumping (OD) and (b) direct/indirect benefits of other options. The current study conducts a complete social cost–benefit analysis (SCBA) comparing OD to sanitary landfilling, composting, bio-methanation, incineration and gasification alternatives. The study finds that when only private costs/benefits are considered, a mix of OD and sanitary landfills is preferred; however, when external costs/benefits are factored in, the mix shifts towards alternatives like incineration and gasification. These learnings from the SCBA are then applied to Mumbai, which generates 9000 tonnes of waste daily. To determine the optimal mix for Mumbai ULB, a constrained optimization exercise is carried out considering the technical feasibility of the alternatives and the ULB’s capital budget. The study finds that with the current practice of OD, the net present value (NPV) of the social costs over a 30-year horizon will be over US$ 6–9 billion. However, even if one-fifth of the ULB’s capital budget is allocated towards other waste management alternatives, the mix would shift towards sophisticated technologies and the NPV of social costs would reduce to around half that amount.
Sensor-based characterization of construction and demolition waste at high occupancy densities using synthetic training data and deep learning
Authors: Kronenwett Felix , Maier Georg , Leiss Norbert , Gruna Robin , Thome Volker , Längle Thomas
Published: February 2024

Sensor-based monitoring of construction and demolition waste (CDW) streams plays an important role in recycling (RC). Extracted knowledge about the composition of a material stream helps identifying RC paths, optimizing processing plants and form the basis for sorting. To enable economical use, it is necessary to ensure robust detection of individual objects even with high material throughput. Conventional algorithms struggle with resulting high occupancy densities and object overlap, making deep learning object detection methods more promising. In this study, different deep learning architectures for object detection (Region-based CNN/Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN), You only look once (YOLOv3), Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD)) are investigated with respect to their suitability for CDW characterization. A mixture of brick and sand-lime brick is considered as an exemplary waste stream. Particular attention is paid to detection performance with increasing occupancy density and particle overlap. A method for the generation of synthetic training images is presented, which avoids time-consuming manual labelling. By testing the models trained on synthetic data on real images, the success of the method is demonstrated. Requirements for synthetic training data composition, potential improvements and simplifications of different architecture approaches are discussed based on the characteristic of the detection task. In addition, the required inference time of the presented models is investigated to ensure their suitability for use under real-time conditions.
Mechanical and dynamic characterization of SiO2 nanofiller-based Luffa cylindrica fibre composites structures using finite element method
Authors: Sahu Dhaneshwar Prasad , Prusty Jagesh Kumar , Mohanty Sukesh Chandra
Published: February 2024

The present work mainly explored the fabrication of different weight percentages of SiO2 nano-filler-based Luffa cylindrica polymer composites (LCPC) and investigated their free vibration behaviour based on elastic properties acquired from a uniaxial tensile test. The elastic properties of fabricated polymer composites are obtained as per ISO 527-5 standards. The flexural responses of different nano-filler-based polymer composites are also analyzed using a three-point bending test in UTM. The completeness of the present polymer composite structure is verified by comparing it with the available published work and found to be in excellent agreement. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) helps to understand the interfacial bonds, fibre pullout, voids, internal cracks etc. between fibre and matrix by morphological images. The addition of SiO2 nano-filler into the polymer composites boosts mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength and also provides better compatibility between matrix and fibre due to the high surface area of SiO2 nano-filler. Later, the structural responses (free vibration) are investigated with respect to different parameters such as edge conditions, aspect ratio and side-to-thickness ratio.
Determinants of Family Support Among People Living With HIV Seeking Care in a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Idowu Solomon , Badru Oluwaseun Abdulganiyu , Idowu Anthony , Ajayi Adebola , Idowu Oyetola
Published: February 2024

Family support, as an aspect of social life, is crucial for individuals, including people living with HIV (PLWH). This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of family support among PLWH in Nigeria and tested the consequences of HIV disclosure. It adopted a cross-sectional study design, using systematic random sampling to select 404 PLWH. Most respondents were female (mean age: 42.65 [12.74] years). Strong family support was prevalent at 67.6%. Family support was positively correlated with disclosure of HIV status and social quality of life, while negatively correlated with adherence and independent quality of life. Our findings support the consequences theory of HIV disclosure. It implies that family members of PLWH must provide more support to improve their quality of life.