bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Applications of Palladium Nanoparticle‐Cored Dendrimers Stabilized by Metal—Carbon Bonds.
Authors: Kumar V. K. Ratheesh , Krishnakumar Sreedevi , Gopidas Karical R.
Published: September 2012

Four generations of the title Frechet‐type based catalysts are prepared by the simultaneous reduction of the appropriate generation diazodendrons and Pd(II) in an organic medium.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of β‐Substituted Chalcones from Phenones via Conjugated Nucleophilic Substitution of Propargylic Alcohols.
Authors: Ben Halima Taoufik , Chapdelaine Daniel
Published: September 2012

The products are of interest as biological agents and as intermediates for flavone structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Construction of Spiro(butyrolactonepyrrolidines) by Highly Efficient Copper(I)/TF‐BiphamPhos‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition.
Authors: Liu Tang‐Lin , He Zhao‐Lin , Tao Hai‐Yan , Wang Chun‐Jiang
Published: September 2012

Catalytic asymmetric cycloaddition of cyclic aldimino esters is accomplished for the first time, providing facile access to spiro(butyrolactone‐pyrrolidines) containing one spiro quaternary center and three tertiary stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic, Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of γ‐Butyrolactones Incorporating Quaternary Stereocenters.
Authors: Manoni Francesco , Cornaggia Claudio , Murray James , Tallon Sean , Connon Stephen J.
Published: September 2012

The formal cycloaddition of aryl succinic anhydrides (I) with aldehydes (II) and (V) gives rise to aryl paraconic acids with 76‐98% diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of 3‐Carbonyl‐Substituted 5,6‐Dicyanobenzofurans with Sodium Borohydride.
Authors: Chirkova Zh. V. , Filimonov S. I. , Abramov I. G. , Firgang S. I. , Stashina G. A.
Published: September 2012

While the reduction of ketones (I) in EtOH proceeds selectively, it is nonselective in THF and leads to a mixture of different reduction products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of Functionalized Dihydro‐1H‐pyrroles from Nef‐Isocyanide Adducts and Enamines.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Hosseinpour Reza , Pashazadeh Ramin
Published: September 2012

Highly functionalized pyrrole derivatives are obtained which are suitable for further transformations.
ChemInform Abstract: A Smooth Rearrangement of N‐p‐Toluenesulfonyl 2‐tert‐Butyldiphenylsilylmethyl‐substituted Azetidines into N‐p‐Toluenesulfonyl 3‐tert‐Butyldiphenylsilyl‐substituted Pyrrolidines.
Authors: Narhe Bharat D. , Sriramurthy Vardhineedi , Yadav Veejendra K.
Published: September 2012

This ring expansion involves 1,2‐migration of silicon through a siliranium ion.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Mediated Cascade Reaction of Azides with MBH‐Acetates of Acetylenic Aldehydes to Substituted Pyrroles: A Facile Access to N‐Fused Pyrrolo‐heterocycles.
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Reddy Motatipally Damoder , Srikanth Boinapally
Published: September 2012

The mild synthesis of the title compounds is developed by using easily accessible azides.
ChemInform Abstract: Hg(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Direct Vinylation of Tryptamines and Versatile Applications for Tandem Reactions.
Authors: Mizoguchi Haruki , Oikawa Hideaki , Oguri Hiroki
Published: September 2012

A chemo‐, regioselective, and mild synthesis of the compounds (III) and (IX) with high functional group tolerance is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Condensation of Alkylidenephosphoranes to N‐Methoxy‐ and N‐Anilino‐1H Isoindole‐1,3‐(2H)‐diones.
Authors: Abdou Wafaa M. , Khidre Rizk E. , Barghash Reham F.
Published: September 2012

Some of the monoolefinated phthalimide derivatives obtained are found to be potent antiinflammatory agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Spirocyclization of Biaryl‐N‐H‐imines via 1,4‐Aminooxygenation of Benzene Rings.
Authors: Tnay Ya Lin , Chen Cheng , Chua Yi Yuan , Zhang Line , Chiba Shunsuke
Published: September 2012

It provides a convenient approach to a number of azaspirocyclohexadienone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Novel Pimprinine Analogues.
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Zhi , Chen Qiong , Mulholland Nick , Beattie David , Irwin Dianne , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Yang Guang‐Fu , Clough John
Published: September 2012

Pimprinine is used as the parent structure to carry out optimization with the aim of discovering synthetic analogues which possess simpler structures and improved fungicidal effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of the Ester Group Attached Isoxazoline, Benzisoxazole, and Isoxazole: A Facile Preparation of 3‐Acyl‐Substituted These Heterocycles.
Authors: Murai Kenichi , Miyazaki Shuji , Fujioka Hiromichi
Published: September 2012

The reaction of methyl esters (I) and (VIII) derived from the title heterocycles with Grignard reagents or alkyl and alkyne lithium compounds is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of New 4‐Amino‐2‐iminothiazoles from Unsymmetrical Thioureas
Authors: Murthy Yellajyosula Lakshmi Narasimha , Saviri Rama Mohana Rao , Ramaiah Parimi Atchuta , Nareesh Saranapu
Published: September 2012

by cyclization with bromoacetonitriles
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Sequential Multicomponent Route to 2,4‐Diaminothiazoles — A Facile Approach to Bioactive Agents for Cancer Therapeutics.
Authors: Sreejalekshmi Kumaran G. , Rajasekharan Kallikat N.
Published: September 2012

The title two‐step one‐pot approach employs mild reaction conditions and commercially available reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Task‐Specific Nitrile and Azide Ionic Liquids for the Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazoles from the Aniline Derivatives.
Authors: Valizadeh Hassan , Amiri Mohammad , Khalili Elham
Published: September 2012

An efficient one‐pot method is reported using [bmim]N3 in place of the highly toxic NaN3 for the generation of intermediate azides.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Novel Series of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Bearing N‐Methyl‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl Pyrazole Moiety as Cytotoxic Agents.
Authors: Puthiyapurayil Pushpan , Poojary Boja , Chikkanna Chandrashekhar , Buridipad Sunil Kumar
Published: September 2012

By means of combinatorial synthesis, a new class of heterocycles is synthesized in which the potent oxadiazole moiety is linked to a biologically active N‐methylpyrazole moiety at C‐5 and different S‐substituted alkyl groups at C‐2.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Lapachone Analogues with Enhanced Antiproliferative Activity.
Authors: Rios‐Luci Carla , Bonifazi Evelyn L. , Leon Leticia G. , Montero Juan C. , Burton Gerardo , Pandiella Atanasio , Misico Rosana I. , Padron Jose M.
Published: September 2012

Selective acid‐promoted cyclization of lapachols (I) affords the α‐ (III) and β‐lapachones (II), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis of Novel Geiparvarin Analogues with Potential Anticancer Activity via Click Chemistry.
Authors: Zhang Yikai , Lv Zhiliang , Zhong Hanyu , Geng Dongping , Zhang Mingfeng , Zhang Tao , Li Yongmei , Li Ke
Published: September 2012

Applying the principle of bioisosteric transformation and the “click chemistry” approach affords a series of geiparvarin analogues.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intramolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 4‐Substituted Coumarins Catalyzed by a Chiral Lewis Acid.
Authors: Brimioulle Richard , Guo Hao , Bach Thorsten
Published: September 2012

Although intramolecular cycloaddition of substrates (I) is very slow at λ < 350 nm, the addition of a chiral oxazaborolidine‐derived Lewis acid increases the reaction rate and provides access towards tetracyclic products (II) in good yields and enantioselectivities (up to 90% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Syntheses of Piperidine Derivatives via Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Coupling of Propargylic Amides and Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Murugesan Sathiyamoorthy , Jiang Fan , Achard Mathieu , Bruneau Christian , Derien Sylvie
Published: September 2012

The Ru‐catalyzed ene‐yne coupling of alkynes (I) with allylic alcohols (II) in THF gives rise to cyclic enamides, [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Phthalazines and Pyridazino‐Aromatics: A Novel Strategy for Substituted Naphthalenes.
Authors: Kessler Simon N. , Wegner Hermann A.
Published: September 2012

The phthalazines smoothly undergo Diels—Alder reaction with various dienophiles to allow a novel access to substituted naphthalenes such as (V).
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Anilino‐4‐(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)pyrimidines — A Multikinase Inhibitor Scaffold with Antiproliferative Activity Toward Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: Determann Renate , Dreher Jan , Baumann Knut , Preu Lutz , Jones Peter G. , Totzke Frank , Schaechtele Christoph , Kubbutat Michael H. G. , Kunick Conrad
Published: September 2012

Hitherto unknown title compounds of the general structure (III) are obtained by reaction of benzimidazole‐substituted enaminones (I) with suitable arylguanidinium nitrates (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Iodine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyrimidines.
Authors: Nagarapu Lingaiah , Vulupala Hanmanth Reddy , Venkatanarsimhaji Ch. , Bantu Rajashaker , Reddy A. Ramakrishna
Published: September 2012

A short and efficient access to functionalized tetrahydropyrimidines (IV) proceeds under mild conditions within a few minutes and is readily amenable to parallel synthesis and generation of combinatorial libraries.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Fungicidal Activity of New Thienopyridopyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Jian‐Chao , He Hong‐Wu
Published: September 2012

Starting from the easily accessible iminophosphorane (I), a series of novel fused heterocycles (IV) is synthesized via aza‐Wittig reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Some Properties of N‐Unsubstituted Pyrrolo[2,1‐c]‐1,3‐diazacycloalkano[1,2‐a]pyrazinones.
Authors: Mokrov G. V. , Likhosherstov A. M. , Lezina V. P. , Gudasheva T. A. , Bushmarinov I. S. , Antipin M. Yu.
Published: September 2012

A number of novel heterocyclic systems is obtained from the reaction of 1‐methoxycarbonylmethyl‐2‐formylpyrroles (I) with alkylenediamines and subsequent recyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Cascade Annulation Reaction of o‐Vinylarylaldehydes with Nitrosoarenes: One‐Step Assembly of Functionalized 2,3‐Benzoxazin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Sun Zhong‐Xin , Cheng Ying
Published: September 2012

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of the title compounds which are of potential pharmacological interest is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activities and QSAR Studies of Some 10a‐Phenylbenzo[b]indeno[1,2‐e][1,4]thiazin‐11(10aH)‐ones.
Authors: Mor Satbir , Pahal Preeti , Narasimhan Balasubramanian
Published: September 2012

Condensation of bromoarylindandiones (I) with substituted aminobenzenethiols (II) provides access to title compounds (III) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithiation and Electrophilic Substitution of Dimethyl Triazones.
Authors: Han Sunkyu , Siegel Dustin S. , Movassaghi Mohammad
Published: September 2012

Lithiation of dimethyl triazones and subsequent reaction with electrophiles provides various derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Coumarin‐Substituted 1,3,4‐Thiadiazine‐2‐thiones and 1,3‐Thiazoline‐2‐thiones.
Authors: Chunduru Venkata Sreenivasa Rao , Vedula Rajeswar Rao
Published: September 2012

Acid‐promoted cyclocondensation of N‐phenylhydrazinecarbodithioic acid derivatives (IV) gives thiazoline derivatives (V), whilst analogous cyclocondensation of hydrazinecarbodithioic acid analogues (VI) affords thiadiazine derivatives (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Meta‐B‐entacenes: New Polycyclic Aromatics Incorporating Two Fused Borepin Rings.
Authors: Levine David R. , Caruso Antony Jr. , Siegler Maxime A. , Tovar John D.
Published: September 2012

The title compounds exhibit slightly non‐planar core geometries with blue‐shifted spectral properties and more negative reduction potentials relative to their known para‐counterparts.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Multicomponent Synthesis of Fused 6—5 Bicyclic 2‐Butenolides by a Cascade Heterobicyclization Process.
Authors: Suero Marcos G. , De la Campa Raquel , Torre‐Fernandez Laura , Garcia‐Granda Santiago , Florez Josefa
Published: September 2012

The novel synthesis of the title compounds (IV) is developed from simple and readily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: A Selective Seoul‐Fluor‐Based Bioprobe, SfBP, for Vaccinia H1‐Related Phosphatase — A Dual‐Specific Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase.
Authors: Jeong Myeong Seon , Kim Eunha , Kang Hyo Jin , Choi Eun Joung , Cho Alvin R. , Chung Sang J. , Park Seung Bum
Published: September 2012

The title compound SfBP (IV) is readily prepared by phosphorylation of known precursor (I) followed by deprotection of phosphodiester (III) with bromotrimethylsilane.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Hydrazinoethylphosphonic Acid and Derivatives.
Authors: Cal Dariusz
Published: September 2012

The title compound (II) is prepared via Michael addition of hydrazine hydrate to phosphonate (I) and coupled with various carbonyl compounds to provide the corresponding condensation products including five‐ and six‐membered azaheterocyclic ethylphosphonic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Formation of Stannolanes and Trigonal Bipyramidal Tin Complexes by Radical Cyclization Reaction.
Authors: Kamimura Akio , Ishikawa Shingo , Noguchi Fumiaki , Moriyama Takaaki , So Masahiro , Murafuji Toshihiro , Uno Hidemitsu
Published: September 2012

The radical cyclization of chiral aza‐Morita—Baylis—Hillman adducts (I) with Bu3SnH yields bicyclic stannolanes (III) with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylidene Branched Lupane Derivatives: Synthesis and Antitumor Activity.
Authors: Csuk Rene , Stark Sebastian , Nitsche Christoph , Barthel Alexander , Siewert Bianka
Published: September 2012

Several novel alkylidene branched lupane derivatives (I)—(III), prepared using standard techniques, show significant cytotoxicity.
ChemInform Abstract: Acylprolinamides: A New Class of Peptide Deformylase Inhibitors with in vivo Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Axten Jeffrey M. , et al. et al.
Published: September 2012

Imides, acylcarbamates, and acylureas, whose structures base on an acylprolinamide template, are synthesized and evaluated as PDF inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron Nitride and Carbide: From Crystalline Nanoparticles to Stable Aqueous Dispersions.
Authors: Schliehe Constanze , Yuan Jiayin , Glatzel Stefan , Siemensmeyer Konrad , Kiefer Klaus , Giordano Cristina
Published: September 2012

Iron nitride and carbide nanoparticles are obtained from an aqueous slurry of iron oxide particles, urea, and agar (N2 atmosphere, 800 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Discovery of N‐Cyclopropyl‐4‐methyl‐3‐ [6‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐4‐oxoquinazolin‐3(4H)‐yl]benzamide (AZD6703, a Clinical p38α MAP Kinase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases.
Authors: Cumming John G. , et al. et al.
Published: September 2012

Sequential conversion of two embedded aniline functionalities in the bisamide series to a quinazolinone and an N‐cyclopropyl reverse amide provide a potent, selective, and orally available series of the title inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: MK‐8825: A Potent and Selective CGRP Receptor Antagonist with Good Oral Activity in Rats.
Authors: Bell Ian M. , et al. et al.
Published: September 2012

Compound (I), an analogue of the clinically tested calcitonin gene‐related peptide receptor antagonist MK‐3207, is identified as a CGRP receptor antagonist with suitable potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetics to interrogate the in vivo effects of receptor blockade.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Application of Cellular and Nanoporous Carbides
Authors: Borchardt Lars , Hoffmann Claudia , Oschatz Martin , Mammitzsch Lars , Petasch Uwe , Herrmann Mathias , Kaskel Stefan
Published: September 2012

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Interface Phenomena in (Super)hard Nitride Nanocomposites: From Coating to Bulk Materials
Authors: Rafaja David , Wuestefeld Christina , Motylenko Mykhailo , Schimpf Christian , Barsukova Tatiana , Schwarz Marcus R. , Kroke Edwin
Published: September 2012

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromium, Molybdenum and Tungsten
Authors: Holder Alvin A.
Published: September 2012

Review: literature overview 2011; 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Scandium, Yttrium, the Lanthanides
Authors: Cotton Simon A.
Published: September 2012

Review: literature of 2011; 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron, Ruthenium and Osmium
Authors: Cotton Simon A.
Published: September 2012

Review: literature overview 2011; 123 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atomic Structure of Quasicrystals
Authors: Boissieu Marc
Published: September 2012

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver and Gold
Authors: Meyer Nadine , Schuh Esther , Seeger Helene , Mohr Fabian
Published: September 2012

Review: literature overview 2011; 198 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Degree of Molecular Self‐Sorting in Multicomponent Systems
Authors: Saha Manik Lal , Schmittel Michael
Published: September 2012

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in O‐Glycosylation of Pregnanes
Authors: Sethi Arun
Published: September 2012

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Challenges and Opportunities in the Development of Organometallic Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Hartinger Christian G. , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Dyson Paul J.
Published: September 2012

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Application of Green Chemistry Methods in Organophosphorus Synthesis
Authors: Odinets I. L. , Matveeva E. V.
Published: September 2012

Review: 179 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Assemblies Based on Dative Boron—Nitrogen Bonds
Authors: Sheepwash Erin , Icli Burcak , Severin Kay
Published: September 2012

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Proteases as Powerful Catalysts for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Illanes Andres , Guzman Fanny , Barberis Sonia
Published: September 2012

Review: 306 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: α,β‐Difluoro‐γ‐amino Acids — Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Hunter Luke
Published: September 2012

Review: 26 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis of Circular Proteins
Authors: Tam James P. , Wong Clarence T. T.
Published: September 2012

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dipeptide‐Induced Chirality Organization
Authors: Moriuchi Toshiyuki , Hirao Toshikazu
Published: September 2012

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives
Authors: Tucker Ashli M. , Grundt Peter
Published: September 2012

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrathiafulvalene Vinylogues as Versatile Building Blocks for New Organic Materials
Authors: Zhao Yuming , Chen Guang , Mulla Karimulla , Mahmud Ilias , Liang Shuai , Dongare Prateek , Thompson David W. , Dawe Louise N. , Bouzan Stephen
Published: September 2012

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Bioactive Natural Products as Protein Inhibitors
Authors: Konno Hiroyuki
Published: September 2012

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution‐Phase Synthesis of Bowl‐ and Basket‐Shaped Fullerene Fragments via Benzannulated Enyne—Allenes
Authors: Wen Bo , Wang Kung K.
Published: September 2012

Review: 75 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Asymmetric Mannich Reaction
Authors: Cai Xiao‐Hua , Hui Guo , Bing Xie
Published: September 2012

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquids: A New Strategy in Pharmaceutical Synthesis
Authors: Siodmiak Tomasz , Marszall Michal Piotr , Proszowska Anna
Published: September 2012

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed Oligonucleotides for Random Mutagenesis: Best Way of Making Them
Authors: Arunachalam Tamil Selvi , Wichert Claudia , Appel Bettina , Mueller Sabine
Published: September 2012

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Physiochemical Technologies for HCB Remediation and Disposal
Authors: Tong Man , Yuan Songhu
Published: September 2012

Review: 134 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bimetallic Platinum Based Catalysts for Biosensors and Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Janyasupab Metini , Liu Chen‐Wei , Zhang Yuan , Wang Kuan‐Wen , Xu Jiaqiang , Samia Anna C. , Liu Chung‐Chiun
Published: September 2012

Review: 106 refs.
Lack of Enantioselectivity in the SULT1A3‐catalyzed Sulfoconjugation of Normetanephrine Enantiomers: An In Vitro and Computational Study
Authors: Grouzmann Eric , Gualtierotti Jean‐Baptiste , Gerber‐Lemaire Sandrine , Abid Karim , Brakch Noureddine , Pedretti Alessandro , Testa Bernard , Vistoli Giulio
Published: September 2012

(1R)‐Normetanephrine is the natural stereoisomeric substrate for sulfotransferase 1A3 (SULT1A3)‐catalyzed sulfonation. Nothing appears known on the enantioselectivity of the reaction despite its potential significance in the metabolism of adrenergic amines and in clinical biochemistry. We confronted the kinetic parameters of the sulfoconjugation of synthetic (1R)‐normetanephrine and (1S)‐normetanephrine by recombinant human SULT1A3 to a docking model of each normetanephrine enantiomer with SULT1A3 and the 3′‐phosphoadenosine‐5′‐phosphosulfate cofactor on the basis of molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations of the stability of the complexes. The KM, Vmax, and kcat values for the sulfonation of (1R)‐normetanephrine, (1S)‐normetanephrine, and racemic normetanephrine were similar. In silico models were consistent with these findings as they showed that the binding modes of the two enantiomers were almost identical. In conclusion, SULT1A3 is not substrate‐enantioselective toward normetanephrine, an unexpected finding explainable by a mutual adaptability between the ligands and SULT1A3 through an “induced‐fit model” in the catalytic pocket. Chirality, 25:28‐34, 2012.© 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Direct N‐Arylation of Azaheterocycles with Aryl Halides under Ligand‐free Condition
Authors: Yang Qichao , Wang Yufang , Zhang Baoji , Zhang Mingjie
Published: September 2012

A simple and efficient CN cross‐coupling method of aryl halides with various heterocycles was reported, by using 10 mol% of CuI as catalyst and 1.2 equiv. NaH as base. Aryl iodides, aryl bromides and many substituted aryl chlorides could efficiently react with heterocycles, providing variety of N‐arylated products in good to excellent yields. The ligand‐free catalyst system was stable in air and could be readily reused.
Slightly Cross‐Linked Polyrotaxanes Made by Linking α‐Cyclodextrins Entrapped in Polyrotaxanes Using Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
Authors: Li Shuo , Wang Jin , Jiang Lan , Ye Lin , Zhang Aiying , Feng Zengguo
Published: September 2012

In this study polyrotaxane (PR)‐based triblock copolymers were first synthesized via the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N‐isopropylacrylamide initiated with the self‐assembly of a distal 2‐bromoisobutyryl end‐capped Pluronic 17R4 with a varying amount of α‐cyclodextrins (α‐CDs) in the presence of CuCl/PMDETA at 25°C in aqueous solution. The α‐CDs entrapped on the copolymer chain were then linked with hexamethylene diisocyanate to give rise to novel slightly cross‐linked polyrotaxanes (SCPRs) in DMF at 45°C. The structures of the PR‐based triblock copolymers and SCPRs were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C CP/MAS, GPC and TGA analyses. The number‐average molecular weight of the resulting SCPRs was nearly three and five times of their precursor after linking with a low polydispersity index range of 1.08–1.28. The thermo‐responsive transition of both PR‐based supramolecular polymers in aqueous solution was demonstrated by turbidity measurements and the self‐aggregated morphologies were also evidenced by TEM observations.
A Unique Solvent‐Induced Structural Transformation of Two Acentric [Zn2(H2O)(Hdtim)2] Isomers
Authors: Dang Qinqin , Ji Fang , Zhang Xianming
Published: September 2012

Solvent‐induced structural transformation was observed in two layered supramolecular isomers of [Zn2(H2O)(Hdtim)2] (H3dtim=4,5‐ditetrazoyl‐imidazole). Structural analyses revealed that the two isomers have the similar geometry of Zn, coordination mode of Hdtim2−, and topology. Their structural differences only arise from different arrangement of the layers which seemingly corresponds to cooperative clockwise and counter‐clockwise 90° rotation of the adjacent layers. This is a quite unique solvent‐dependent supramolecular isomerism in coordination polymers.
Synthesis and Application of a Full Water‐Soluble and Red‐Emitting Chemosensor Based on Phenoxazinium for Copper(II) Ions
Authors: Yan Baolong , Sun Ru , Ge Jianfeng , Xu Yujie , Zhang Qianqian , Yang Xuebo , Lu Jianmei
Published: September 2012

A phenoxazinium‐based chemosensor (1) bearing di(2‐picolyl)amine unit was successfully synthesized. The result shows that it is a red‐emitting and full water‐soluble chemosensor for the selective detection of Cu2+ in pure water. The fluorescence on‐off mechanism was studied by ab initio calculations. To confirm the suitability of 1 for biological applications, it was employed in the fluorescence detection of the intracellular Cu2+ with cultured KB cells. The results indicated that 1 had good membrane permeability and could be useful for the fluorescence microscopic imaging.
Accelerated Curing Speed of Ethyl α‐Cyanoacrylate by Polymer with Catecholamine Groups
Authors: Zhang Feng , Liu Siwei , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui , Wei Yen
Published: September 2012

Four kinds of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives with the similar backbone and different side groups have been synthesized successfully. When both catecholamine and double bond are tethered to polymer backbone, i.e., the PEG backbone, simultaneously, the polymer can accelerate the curing speed of ethyl α‐cyanoacrylate (commercially available as 502) greatly under the same conditions (the curing time of such system is no more than 5 s). Probably this is due to the autoxidation of catecholamines. Through the redox‐cycling, catecholamines can produce, collect free radicals, and thus initiate the free radical polymerization. Due to the fast‐curing of such material when mixed with α‐cyanoacrylate, we could design and develop a new bicomponent super bioglue used in the dentistry or other bioenvironment requiring super fast settlement for further surgical operations.
Advantage of Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for the Study of Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Jia Pengxiang , Gong Yongkuan , Wang Shengqin , Zhao Jiang
Published: September 2012

The advantage of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to study single chain behavior of polyelectrolytes has been demonstrated by checking the coil‐to‐globule transition of poly 2‐vinylpyridine with the change of pH value in aqueous solution. The ultra‐high sensitivity of FCS allows measurement at extreme dilution where the effect of electrostatic interaction between the chains is greatly suppressed. The results exposed first‐order conformation transition of P2VP as detected by FCS while inter‐chain aggregation occurred in the experiments of dynamic light scattering.
Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by Modularly Designed Organocatalysts
Authors: Sinha Debarshi , Mandal Tanmay , Gogoi Sanjib , Goldman Joshua J. , Zhao John Cong‐gui
Published: September 2012

The self‐assembly of the precatalyst modules, which are amino acids and cinchona alkaloid derivatives, leads to the direct formation of the desired organocatalysts without any synthesis. These modularly designed organocatalysts (MDOs) may be used for catalyzed asymmetric aldol reaction. Depending on structure of the aldehyde substrates, the corresponding aldol products may be obtained in mediocre to excellent ee values (up to 92% ee) with moderate diastereoselectivities (up to 79:21 dr).
Periphery‐Hydrogenating Effects on the Unordinary 14 π‐Electron Delocalized Circuits and Related Electronic Properties of Subporphyrazine Analogs: A Density Functional Theory Investigation
Authors: Zhao Luyang , Qi Dongdong , Cai Xue , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: September 2012

Density functional theory method was employed to investigate the electronic properties of two series of subporphyrazine and subphthalocyanine derivatives, namely SubPz, SubPz‐1H, SubPz‐2H, SubPz‐3H, SubPc, SubPc‐1H, SubPc‐2H, and SubPc‐3H. Calculated results show that peripheral hydrogenation essentially changes the delocalized pattern from the common π1414 to limited π1314 or π1214 for SubPz series, and substantially weakens the aromaticity for both SubPz and SubPc compounds. The unordinary delocalized circuit owns an unstable energy level, and thus gives rise to a notable transformation of geometric configuration, frontier molecular orbital topology, and absorption spectral bands.
Halloysite Nanotubes, a Multifunctional Nanovehicle for Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Guo Mingyi , Wang Aifei , Muhammad Faheem , Qi Wenxiu , Ren Hao , Guo Yingjie , Zhu Guangshan
Published: September 2012

Targeted drug delivery systems have attracted a great deal of interest by virtue of their potential use in chemotherapy. In this study, multicomponent halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have been evaluated as a platform to assist and direct the delivery of anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) into cancer cells. Folic acid (FA) and magnetite nanoparticles were successfully grafted onto HNTs via amide reaction whereas the drug has been introduced by capitalizing electrostatic interaction between cationic drug and anionic exterior of HNTs, which eventually leads to pH responsive release. The resultant DOX loaded FA‐Fe3O4@HNTs were well characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and XRD. The clinical efficacy of the system was validated by confocal microscopy and cell cytotoxicity assay (MTT assay). MTT assay results revealed a high biocompatibility up to a concentration of 200 µg/mL of HNTs, while, DOX loaded FA‐Fe3O4@HNTs were markedly cytotoxic to HeLa cells. This multifunctional nanovehicle has a great potential for cancer diagnosis and therapy, and could further advance the clinical use of nanomedicine.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Aromatic Sultones via Sulfonic Acid Group‐Directed CH Activation
Authors: Li Fei , Jiang Taoshan , Cai Haiting , Wang Guanwu
Published: September 2012

Aromatic sultones could be obtained by the palladium‐catalyzed cyclization reaction of arylsulfonic acids with simple arenes. The reaction proceeds through sulfonic acid group‐directed multiple CH activations and involves the cleavage of CH and OH bonds as well as the formation of CC and CO bonds. Our protocol provides a facile access to aromatic sultones.
Dehydration of Carbohydrates to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural in Ionic Liquids Catalyzed by Hexachlorotriphosphazene
Authors: Song Jinliang , Zhang Binbin , Shi Jinghua , Ma Jun , Yang Guanying , Han Buxing
Published: September 2012

Development of efficient catalysts for the dehydration of carbohydrates to produce 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a very attractive topic. In this work, dehydration of fructose catalyzed by three organic molecules, including hexachlorotriphosphazene (N3P3Cl6), trichloromelamine (C3N6H3Cl3) and N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS), was studied in ionic liquids. It was discovered that the three organic molecules had high activity in accelerating the dehydration of fructose and N3P3Cl6 was the most efficient catalyst among them. The effects of amount of catalysts, temperature, solvents, reaction time, and substrate/solvent weight ratio on the reaction were investigated using N3P3Cl6 as the catalyst and 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) as the solvent. It was demonstrated that the N3P3Cl6/[Bmim]Cl catalytic system was very effective for catalyzing the reaction. The yield of HMF could reach 92.8% in 20 min at the optimized conditions and the N3P3Cl6/[Bmim]Cl system could be reused. Further study indicated that the N3P3Cl6/[Bmim]Cl system was also effective for the dehydration of sucrose and inulin and satisfactory yield could be obtained at suitable conditions.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Terminal 1,2‐Diols from Acyl Chlorides
Authors: Shao Panlin , Shen Litao , Ye Song
Published: September 2012

Optically active terminal 1,2‐diols were prepared with high enantiopurity via the TMS‐quinidine‐catalyzed enantioselective cyclization of acyl chlorides and oxaziridine, followed by reductive ring‐opening of the cycloadducts.
Open Tubular Microreactor with Enzyme Functionalized Microfluidic Channel for Amperometric Detection of Glucose
Authors: Zhang Lei , Qu Ping , Sheng Jin , Lei Jianping , Ju Huangxian
Published: September 2012

A simple and efficient method using enzyme immobilized microfluidic channel as open tubular microreactor was designed for amperometric detection of glucose. The microreactor was composed of a polydimethylsilicone/glass hybrid device with three reservoirs, a cooling cave and a 6 cm capillary with a sampling fracture as microchannel. The microchannel was further modified by thermal polymerization, followed by covalently attaching with glucose oxidase. Through fracture sampling and electrochromatography separation, the production via enzymatic reaction was determinated by Pt electrode at the end of capillary. The linear range for the detection of glucose was 0.05–7.5 mmol·L−1 with detection limit of 23 µmol·L−1. The inter‐ and intra‐chip reproducibilities for determination of 2.5 mmol·L−1 glucose were 98.5% (n=5) and 96.0% (n=5), respectively. With the advantage of flexible assembly, rapid efficiency, good stability and low‐cost, this microreactor provided a potential platform for establishing a portable enzyme‐based chemical detection system in practical application.
Enantioselective Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman Reaction Organocatalyzed by Glucose‐based Phosphinothiourea
Authors: Yang Weihong , Sha Feng , Zhang Xin , Yuan Kui , Wu Xinyan
Published: September 2012

A class of bifunctional phosphinothioureas derived from saccharide was developed as new organocatalysts for the enantioselective Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman reaction between acrylates and aldehydes. With 10 mol% of glucose‐based phosphinothiourea 1d, the allylic alcohols were obtained in up to 96% yield and 83% ee under mild reaction conditions.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles by Chiral N‐Triflyl Phosphoramide Catalyzed Friedel‐Crafts Alkylation of 4,7‐Dihydroindole with β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Keto Esters
Authors: Zeng Mi , Zhang Wei , You Shuli
Published: September 2012

Chiral N‐triflyl phosphoramide was found an efficient catalyst for the enantioselective Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction of 4,7‐dihydroindole with β,γ‐unsaturated α‐keto esters. In the presence of 5 mol% of the optimized catalyst, various pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles were obtained in excellent enantioselectivity, moderate yields and up to 3:1 diastereoselectivity based on the one‐pot synthesis including the Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction and the subsequent p‐benzoquinone oxidation.
Equivariant Characteristic Classes of Singular Complex Algebraic Varieties
Authors: Cappell Sylvain E. , Maxim Laurentiu G. , Schürmann Jörg , Shaneson Julius L.
Published: September 2012

Homology Hirzebruch characteristic classes for singular varieties have been recently defined by Brasselet, Schüurmann, and Yokura as an attempt to unify previously known characteristic class theories for singular spaces (e.g., MacPherson‐Chern classes, Baum‐Fulton‐MacPherson Todd classes, and Goresky‐MacPherson $L$‐classes). In this paper we define equivariant analogues of these classes for singular quasi‐projective varieties acted upon by a finite group of algebraic automorphisms and show how these can be used to calculate the homology Hirzebruch classes of global quotient varieties. We also compute the new classes in the context of monodromy problems, e.g., for varieties that fiber equivariantly (in the complex topology) over a connected algebraic manifold. As another application, we discuss Atiyah‐Meyer type formulae for twisted Hirzebruch classes of global orbifolds. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rare Event Simulation of Small Noise Diffusions
Authors: Vanden‐Eijnden Eric , Weare Jonathan
Published: September 2012

An important sampling method for certain rare event problems involving small noise diffusions is proposed. Standard Monte Carlo schemes for these problems behave exponentially poorly in the small noise limit. Previous work in rare event simulation has focused on developing estimators with optimal exponential variance decay rates. This criterion still allows for exponential growth of the statistical relative error. We show that an estimator related to a deterministic control problem not only has an optimal variance decay rate but can have vanishingly small relative statistical error in the small noise limit. The sampling method based on this estimator can be seen as the limit of the zero variance importance sampling scheme, which uses the solution of the second‐order partial differential equation (PDE) associated with the diffusion. In the scheme proposed here this PDE is replaced by a Hamilton‐Jacobi equation whose solution is computed pointwise on the fly from its variational formulation, an operation that remains practical even in high‐dimensional problems. We test the scheme on several simple illustrative examples as well as a stochastic PDE, the noisy Allen‐Cahn equation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inability of a monoclonal anti‐light chain antibody to detect clonal plasma cells in a patient with multiple myeloma by multicolor flow cytometry
Authors: van Velzen Jeroen F. , van den Blink Dorine , Bloem Andries C.
Published: September 2012

Background:

Multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) is increasingly important for the diagnosis and minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment of patients with plasma cells (PC) dyscrasias, like multiple myeloma. Recently published information shows that immunophenotype of myeloma PC can change over time and normal PC are heterogeneous in the expression of CD19 and CD56. This implies that for a sensitive, reliable detection of MRD clonality assessment by the detection of cytoplasmic kappa and lambda light chains is advisable.

Methods:

Eight‐color MFC was used to detect normal and myeloma PC by the expression of CD38 and CD138. Analysis of additional surface antigens like CD45, CD19, CD56, CD27, and the intracellular immunoglobulin light chain distribution were used to differentiate polyclonal from clonal PC.

Results:

Absence of cytoplasmic light chains expression in a PC subpopulation with an abnormal phenotype suggested the presence of non‐secretory plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) of this patient. This observation however, was contradicted by the presence of free lambda light chains in the patient's serum. After repeating the analysis with polyclonal antibodies against intracellular immunoglobulin light chains instead of monoclonal antibodies, the abnormal PC subpopulation appeared to express lambda light chains.

Conclusion:

These data illustrate that if clonality assessment of PC is included in disease monitoring, the use of polyclonal over monoclonal antibodies is preferred for the detection of intracellular immunoglobulin light chains. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Feeding disorders of early childhood: An empirical study of diagnostic subtypes
Authors: Lucarelli Loredana , Cimino Silvia , D'Olimpio Francesca , Ammaniti Massimo
Published: September 2012

Objective:

The aim of this study was to examine the differences among three subtypes of feeding disorders (FD), defined through the criteria of the DC:0‐3R: “Infantile Anorexia” (IA), “Feeding Disorder Associated with Insults to the Gastrointestinal Tract” (FDIGT), and “Sensory Food Aversions” (SFA), by exploring mother–child interactions during feeding, children's temperament and emotional–adaptive functioning, and mothers' psychological profile and eating attitudes.

Method:

The sample consisted of 146 Italian mother–child pairs, of which 51 children with IA, 47 children with FDIGT, and 48 mothers and their children with SFA. All dyads were videotaped during feeding; mothers completed questionnaires assessing their psychological profiles and eating attitudes, as well as their children's temperament and emotional/behavioral functioning.

Results:

Analyses revealed significant differences between the diagnostic groups of FD in relation to mother–child interactions during feeding, children's temperament and emotional–adaptive functioning, and mothers' psychological profile and eating attitudes.

Discussion:

Both interactional and individual variables may contribute differently to specific FD and outcomes during childhood. Definitions by FD subtypes, using operational diagnostic criteria, and the assessment of mother–child interactions are relevant to target interventions strategies to treat specific disorders. © 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013)
Genetic structure along an altitudinal gradient in Lippia origanoides, a promising aromatic plant species restricted to semiarid areas in northern South America
Authors: Vega‐Vela Nelson Enrique , Sánchez María Isabel Chacón
Published: September 2012

The genetic diversity and population structure of Lippia origanoides, a species of the Verbenaceae family that shows promise as a crop plant, was investigated along an altitudinal gradient in the basin of the Chicamocha River in northeastern Colombia. The economic importance of the species, quality of its essential oils, and the fact that it is restricted to some few semiarid areas in northern South America may put the species at risk in a scenario of uncontrolled harvest of natural populations. Lippia origanoides was sampled along an altitudinal gradient from 365 to 2595 m.a.s.l. throughout Chicamocha River Canyon, a semiarid area in northeastern Colombia. Genetic diversity was assessed by means of AFLP markers. The number of AFLP loci (355) and the number of individuals sampled (173) were sufficient to reliably identify four populations at contrasting altitudes (FST = 0.18, P‐value < 0.0000), two populations in the lower basin, one population in the medium basin, and one population in the upper basin, with a low level of admixture between them. In average, genetic diversity within populations was relatively high (Ht = 0.32; I = 0.48); nevertheless, diversity was significantly reduced at higher altitude, a pattern that may be consistent with a scenario of range expansion toward higher elevations in an environment with more extreme conditions. The differences in altitude among the basins in the Chicamocha River seem to be relevant in determining the genetic structure of this species.
The Mechanical Performance of a Biomimetic Nanointerface Made of Multilayered Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Cavelier Sacha , Barrett Christopher J. , Barthelat Francois
Published: September 2012

Integrating organic and inorganic components into hybrid materials is a promising pathway towards unique and useful combinations of stiffness, strength, and toughness. Nature provides superb examples of such materials: bone, teeth, and mollusk shells are made of stiff inorganic mineral inclusions bonded by more compliant proteins and polysaccharides that play a critical role by providing large deformations and energy absorption. Nanometer‐thick polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) provide an elegant approach to mimicking natural organic materials, but experimental data on their mechanical properties is scarce. In this work we have for the first time measured the shear performance and fracture toughness of PEM nanointerfaces that join two silicon substrates. Most of the properties of PEMs fall between those of a typical office tape and an engineering epoxy. However, the energy for failure in shear in PEMs exceeds the other two adhesives by far, because of breakage and reformation of electrostatic bonds. Interestingly, the properties of PEMs can be tuned by, for example, depositing a preliminary (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane layer or by adjusting the degree of hydration. They can also partially heal, and we demonstrate how only a fraction of the initial toughness is lost upon reassembly after fracture. This set of mechanical properties will greatly facilitate the design and optimization of future hybrid materials inspired from nature.
Nanomagnet‐Supported Partially Brominated Manganese–Porphyrin as a Promising Catalyst for the Selective Heterogeneous Oxidation of Hydrocarbons and Sulfides in Water
Authors: Rezaeifard Abdolreza , Jafarpour Maasoumeh , Farshid Parisa , Naeimi Atena
Published: September 2012

A novel, magnetically recoverable porphyrin catalyst has been prepared by the coordinative anchoring of the [Mn(Br2TPP)OAc] complex on silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2, SMNP) through an amine functionality. The heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, transmision electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and FTIR spectroscopy. The catalyst loading on the magnetic support was determined by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The catalyst nanoparticles were estimated to have a diameter of less than 10 nm. The TG curve demonstrated that the nanocatalyst was thermally stable up to almost 350 °C, exhibiting high thermostability. The epoxidation of olefins and the oxidation of saturated hydrocarbons to the corresponding ketones as well as sulfides to sulfones in an aqueous solution of tetra‐n‐butylammonium peroxomonosulfate (n‐Bu4NHSO5, TBAOX) were efficiently enhanced with excellent selectivity under the influence of the magnetically separable catalyst. Sulfoxides could also be selectively produced in a mixture of water and ethanol, which makes the title methodology a good alternative for both sulfoxide and sulfone production. The separation and recycling of the catalyst and the byproduct of the oxidant were simple, effective, and economic in this clean oxidation method. FTIR and leaching experiments after seven successive cycles showed that the catalyst was very strongly anchored to the SMNP support.
An Alternative Reaction Outcome in the Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of 1‐Alkynyloxiranes
Authors: González María J. , González Jesús , Vicente Rubén
Published: September 2012

The gold(III)‐catalyzed rearrangement of tetrasubstituted 1‐alkynyloxiranes is described. This transformation led to a different reaction outcome with respect to related substrates previously studied. Thus, tertiary α‐alkynylketones or alkynols can be selectively obtained. Moreover, gold(III) proved capable to catalyze the rearrangement of simple epoxides. These results indicate that gold(III) complexes act as oxophilic Lewis acids rather than π‐acids in these transformations.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of an Identity Intervention Programme for Women with Eating Disorders
Authors: Stein Karen Farchaus , Corte Colleen , Chen Ding‐Geng (Din) , Nuliyalu Ushapoorna , Wing Jeffrey
Published: September 2012

Objective

Findings of a randomized trial of an identity intervention programme (IIP) designed to build new positive self‐schemas that are separate from other conceptions of the self in memory as the means to promote improved health in women diagnosed with eating disorders are reported.

Method

After baseline data collection, women with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa were randomly assigned to IIP (n = 34) or supportive psychotherapy (SPI) (n = 35) and followed at 1, 6, and 12 months post‐intervention.

Results

The IIP and supportive psychotherapy were equally effective in reducing eating disorder symptoms at 1 month post‐intervention, and changes were stable through the 12‐month follow‐up period. The IIP tended to be more effective in fostering development of positive self‐schemas, and the increase was stable over time. Regardless of baseline level, an increase in the number of positive self‐schemas between pre‐intervention and 1‐month post‐intervention predicted a decrease in desire for thinness and an increase in psychological well‐being and functional health over the same period.

Discussion

A cognitive behavioural intervention that focuses on increasing the number of positive self‐schemas may be central to improving emotional health in women with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.