bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obesitas sentral berhubungan dengan toleransi glukosa terganggu pada remaja perempuan
Authors: Astuti Lucia Mawarti Dwi , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Noormanto Noormanto , Julia Madarina
Published: March 2019

Background: Obesity in adolescents has become health problem in Indonesia. Central obesity is associated with insulin resistance.Theoretically, insulin resistance will cause impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and could develop into type 2 diabetes.Objective: The aim of this study were to evaluate the difference in IGT prevalence between central and non central obesity and to identify the risk factors associated with IGT. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at 3 private secondary schools in Yogyakarta and recruited 62 obese female students aged 12-18 years.The subjects were classified into central obesity (BMI/U> +2SD and waist circumference > p90) and non central obesity based on anthropometric data. Fasting glucose and 2 hours after loading were measured in all subjects. Differences in the proportion of IGT between the two groups was calculated by Chi-square test and risk factors associated with IGT were calculated by multivariate logistic regression with 95% confidence interval.Result: Of 62 subjects, 14 of them have IGT and the prevalence of IGT was significantly higher in the central obesity group compared to non central obesity group (11/31 vs 3/31, p=0.03). Central obesity was found to be the only risk factor of IGT (OR=4.6; 95%CI: 1.04 to 20.24). Twenty one of the subjects were found to have impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (34%) and one subject (1.6 %) had IFG+IGT. There were no differences in the proportion of IFG between central and non central obesity groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of IGT in female students with central obesity was higher compared to those with non central obesity. A female student with central obesity had 4.6-fold risk of having IGT compared to those with non central obesity.
Pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua hubungannya dengan pola konsumsi dan status gizi anak autis
Authors: Martiani Maria , Herini Elisabeth Siti , Purba Martalena
Published: March 2019

Background: The prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased in recent years. In 1993 the prevalence of ASD was 2-4 cases per 10.000 children. The number increased significantly to 152 cases per 10.000 children in 2003 (0.15-0.2%). In addition to diet, nutritional status can be influenced by parent’s knowledge and attitudess toward children with autism. Improving parent’s knowledge and attitudess about autism can be an effective way to manage children with autism.Objective: To examine the relationship between parent’s knowledge and attitudes toward autism with dietary pattern and nutritional status of autistic children in SLBN Semarang.Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were students with autism who attended SLBN Semarang and their parents. A questionaire was used to collect the information on parent’s knowledge and attitudes toward autism, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to obtain the data on gluten and casein consumption, whereas the data on nutritional status were measured by weight and height of the children. Chi square and Fisher Exact test were used to analyze the data.Result: As many as 55.3% of parents have good knowledge and 65.8% have a possitive attitudes toward autism. Fifty percent of children presented with good consumption pattern of gluten, 65% exhibited good consumption pattern of casein and 55.3% of autistic children had good consumption pattern of both gluten and casein. Almost half (47.4%) of the children were undernourished. There were no association found between parent’s knowledge and gluten and casein consumption (p>0.05); parent’s knowledge and nutritional status (p>0.05); and parent’s attitudes and nutritional status (p>0.05). Only parent’s attitudes towards autism was found to be associated with casein and gluten consumption pattern (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant association between parent’s attitudes and consumption of gluten and casein in children with autism.
Perbedaan status gizi, kesegaran jasmani, dan kualitas hidup anak sekolah di pedesaan dan perkotaan
Authors: Mexitalia Maria , Sellina Hendriani , Anam Mohammad Syarofil , Yoshimura Aya , Yamauchi Taro , Nurkukuh Nurkukuh , Hariyana Bambang
Published: March 2019

Background: The differences in geographic, sosioeconomic and lifestyle between children in rural and urban areas infl uence their nutritional status. The urban children tended to be less active. The evidence suggested that physical activity improves cardiorespiratory fi tness and mental health in young people but study that compare those indicators among rural and urban children was scarce.Objective: To compare the nutritional status, physical fi tness, and quality of life between elementary school children in rural and urban areas.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Semarang (urban) and Mlonggo (rural) Central Java in 2009. Inclusion criteria was school children aged 9-11 years and had no physical disability. Body composition was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, physical activity by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), physical fi tness by 20-m shuttle run test and quality of life by Pediatrics Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedQoL 4.0). The differences between nutritional status and physical activity were assessed by Chi Square test, while the differences between physical fi tness and quality of life were tested by independent t test (p<0.05).Result: One hundred sixty-two subjects were enrolled in the study (Semarang 82 students; 36 boys, 46 girls and Mlonggo 80 students; 40 boys, 40 girls). Body mass index (18.97 vs 15.16 kg/m2) and body fat (26.03% vs 18.03%) of urban children were higher than that of the rural’s (p<0.001). Children in rural area were signifi cantly more active, have higher physical fi tness level (VO2 max 28.54±1.79 ml/kg/min vs 21.57+1.79 ml/kg/min) (p<0.01), and have higher score in quality of life (2243 + 295,8) compared to the children from urban area (2133 + 369.4) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Rural school children have lower nutritional status than urban children, but they are more active and have higher physical fi tness level. They also have better quality of life.
Pengembangan metode skrining gizi untuk pasien dewasa rawat inap
Authors: Susetyowati Susetyowati , Hadi Hamam , Hakimi Muhammad , Asdie Ahmad Husein
Published: March 2019

Background: A comprehensive nutrition assessment needs to be done on all hospitalized patients. The accuracy of nutritional assessment are necessary to ensure the provision of optimal nutrition support for the patient to prevent iatrogenic malnutrition and speed up the healing process. The nutrition screening tools has limited ability to be used as a valid indicator for comprehensive nutritional assessment. Thus, it is necessary to develop a new nutrition screening tool.Objective: To develop a simple, quick and valid malnutrition screening tool that can be used to identify adult patients at risk of malnutrition.Methods: This is an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were 495 patients admitted to Sardjito General Hospital, excluding paediatric, maternity, and psychiatric patients. All patients were screened using the Nutrition Screening Tool of University Gadjah Mada (NST-UGM). The validity of the NST-UGM will be tested by measuring the sensitivity and specifi city value compared to Subjective Global Assessment (SGA).Result: The newly developed nutrition screening tool consisted of 6 questions with a cut-off of 0-2 classifi ed as not at risk of malnutrition and > 2 classifi ed as at risk of malnutrition. The sensitivity and specifi city value of the new screening tool compared with SGA were 91.28 and 79.78 respectively. Therefore, the convergent and predictive validity of NSTUGM was established. Conclusion: The NST-UGM is a simple, quick and valid tool which can be used to identify patients at risk of malnutrition.
Intervensi biskuit tempe kurma bagi peningkatan status gizi balita penderita tuberkulosis
Authors: Fatmah Fatmah
Published: March 2019

Background: Weight gain as an indicator of nutritional status during tuberculosis drugs management has a significant relationship with the rapid conversion of sputum smear, low incidence of relapse and duration of anti tuberculosis drugs in patients with tuberculosis. Low intake of food in patient suffering from an infectious disease is caused by the emergence of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and increased body temperature. Inadequate nutrient intake affects the immune system, lower resistance to infection and slow healing resulting progressive tuberculosis (TB).Objective: To assess the effect of tempeh dates biscuit consumption on the change of nutritional status of tuberculosis preschoolers patients.Method: A quasi-experimental design towards 52 under five children with TB status and who were underweight was done in all sub-districts at Depok City. There were three groups participated in the study i.e tempeh dates biscuits as intervention group, and two groups of control (tempeh and placebo biscuits). The nutritional status of subjects was assessed each biweekly by giving daily 50 grams of biscuits within four weeks. Data analysis was using paired t-test and Anova.Results: There was greatest weight gain in a subject who received tempeh dates biscuit by 0.5 kg and largest height improvement in the tempeh biscuits group by 1.8 cm. Weight, height and z-score weight/age had significant differences in the three groups at the end of the study. There were significant differences in carbohydrate intake in the intervention group at pre and post-intervention. The tempeh biscuits group had different levels of mothers’ knowledge on nutrition and TB at the end of the study.Conclusion: Tempeh dates biscuit can be recommended as an alternative supplementation feeding program for TB and non-TB under five children with underweight status.
Hipoalbuminemia praoperasi pasien kanker kolorektal terhadap risiko komplikasi pascaoperasi dan lama rawat inap
Authors: Benny Yohanes , Aryandono Teguh , Susetyowati Susetyowati
Published: March 2019

Background: Malnutrition is most commonly found in gastrointestinal cancer that affects the result of an operation. Albumin serum is an effective and simple way of assessing risk which is associated with malnutrition intensity so that it is generally used as the prognostic index for the development of the incidence of colorectal cancer postoperative complications.Objective: To identify the effect of preoperative hypoalbumin to the incidence of postoperative complications and length of stay of colorectal cancer in patients.Method: The study used the quantitative approach with a nonconcurrent cohort (retrospective analysis) design. The population was patients diagnosed having colorectal cancer who would undergo an operation at Kasih Ibu, Dr. Oen, and Panti Waluyo Hospital of Surakarta. Data analysis used Chi-Square test and logistic regression.Results: Hypoalbumin, either based on admission or pre-operation, was significant risk factor for the incidence of post operative complications in colorectal cancer patients as well as age and American Society of Anesthesiologist Physical Status Classification (ASA) status. The result of multivariate analysis showed age of 20-59 years (OR=2), hypoalbumin based on admission (2.1 times) and preoperation (1.9 times) were risk factors for the incidence of postoperative complication (infection). ASA status III-IV had risk 2.8 times for the incidence of postoperative sepsis complications and 3.7 times for mortality than ASA status I-II. Status of hypoalbumin did not influence total length of stay or postoperative length of stay but age influenced postoperative length of stay.Conclusion: Hypoalbumin influenced the incidence of postoperative complications in colorectal cancer patients, particularly infection complication; whereas factors of age and ASA status were external factors strongly influenced. Hypoalbumin did not influence length of stay. Age was an external factor that strongly influenced postoperative length of stay.
Perubahan parameter biologik jaringan kanker payudara mencit akibat pemberian isoflavon tempe
Authors: Bintari Siti Harnina , Moeis Siti Fatimah , Sarjadi Sarjadi
Published: March 2019

Background: Cancer is severe diseases caused by the changing of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) structure. Women who consume soy products have a lower risk for breast cancer, but it cannot be explained the kind of biomolecular aspects of soy product which gives this role.Objective: The aim of this research was to analyze the biological parameter changing of AgNORs, p53, Cas-3 and Bcl-2 in mouse (Mus musculus) C3H strain with breast cancer, as the impact of injecting isoflavone of tempeh.Method: The laboratory experimental research was done by posttest only randomized controlled group design. Subject of study were 18 mice (Mus musculus) C3H strain that were divided into 3 groups, each of which consists of 6 mice. The first group, the control (K), was not injected by isoflavone, while the second group (P1) and the third group (P2) were injected by 1.000 mg and 10.000 mg of tempeh isoflavone/kg diet/day, respectively. All groups were given the transplanted breast cancer cells. AgNORs parameters were selected to determine the level of proliferation and p53 parameters, Cas-3 and Bcl-2 to determine the appearance of apoptosis. Data were analyzed by using Manova and discriminant test for each parameter of cell proliferation.Results: Concentration of isoflavones supplementation with 1,000 and 10,000 mg / kgdiet / day gave effect to the reduction of AgNORs blots, expression of p53 and Cas-3 and increased expression of Bcl-2 in group P1 and P2 compared with control group, as indicated by high statistical values (p=0.000) between both groups or within the group. Results of discriminant test showed that Bcl-2 and AgNORs had dominant role in increased apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in experimental animal.Conclusion: Tempeh isoflavones can be used as a biological parameter change agent that marks the proliferation and apoptosis of mice (Mus musculus) C3H strain towards the normal cell cycle progression.
Peranan kadar nitrit oksida (NO) darah dan asupan lemak pada pasien hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi
Authors: Astutik Pudji , Wirjatmadi Bambang , Adriani Merryana
Published: March 2019

Background: Hypertension is closely related to impaired endothelial dependent vasodilation due to decreasing availability of blood nitric oxide (NO) and high fat intake.Objective: To analyze blood NO and fat intake differences in patients with hypertension andnon hypertension.Method: The study was a cross-sectional design and sampling was carried out in Sidoarjo District Hospital. Subjects of the study were 24 patients aged between 40 to 65 years, which consist of 12 cases and 12 controls. Measurement of blood NO and recall of fat intake were performed.Results: Blood NO in hypertension andnon hypertension patients were 72.333 ± 40.511µM and 116.083 ± 46.962 µM respectively. Fat consumption in hypertension andnon hypertension were 51.52 ± 5.99 g and 41.65 ± 8.32 g respectively. Two independent samples t-test showed meaningful differences in the levels of blood NO (p=0.023) as well as fat intake (p=0.004) between the hypertension andnon hypertension patients.Conclusion: There is a difference in the levels of blood NO and fat intake in patients with hypertension andnon hypertension.
Pemberian makanan F100 dengan bahan substitusi tepung tempe terhadap status protein pasien anak dengan gizi kurang
Authors: Kholidah Diniyah , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto , Nisa Fatma Zuhrotun
Published: March 2019

Background: Much effort has been made to counter the weaknesses of F100 through the development of milk powder substituted with ingredients that have a high content of protein and energy, high bioavailability and relatively low cost.Objective: To analyze an effect of F100 supplementation using substitute tempeh flour on protein status (total protein serum and serum albumin) among undernourished pediatric patients.Method: Experimental research with randomized clinical control trial among 30 undernourished children consisting of open clinical trial in two experiment groups, supplemented with F100 or substitute F100 (isoenergetic and isoprotein diet) within 14 days. The study was undertaken in April-August 2010 at pediatric inpatient room of Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. Data of food intake were obtained through visual Comstock and 24-hour food recall; data of total serum protein through biuret method; serum albumin (Alb) through cellulose acetate electrophoresis method. Data analysis was using Pearson Chi-Square test and unpaired t-test.Results: The result of unpaired t-test on the average intake of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate showed there was no significant difference in each experimental groups (p>0.05). The test result of total serum protein level and serum Alb level showed there was no significant difference in each experiment (p=0.240 and p=0.774). The result of correlation coefficient test showed there was no significant association between intake of energy and nutrient and total serum level and serum Alb level (p>0.05) and degree of association showed a weak association (r>0.25).Conclusion: Formula of F100 substitute as complementary food could be used as an alternative food in diet therapy of malnourished children on rehabilitation phase.
Faktor risiko sarapan pagi dan makanan selingan terhadap kejadian overweight pada remaja sekolah menengah atas
Authors: Agusanty Shelly Festilia , Kandarina Istiti , Gunawan I Made Alit
Published: March 2019

Background: Overweight or obesity during childhood and adolescence are important risk factors for the presence of adult overweight or obesity. Eating habits in childhood and adolescence influence their healthy condition. Prospective studies of breakfast habits and nutritional status suggest an inverse (protective) association between the frequency of eating breakfast and the risk for overweight and obesity and relationships between no breakfast and increasing body weight.Objective: To examine risk factor of breakfast and snacking related to overweight status in adolescents.Method: This was the observational study with case control design. The first step of the study was screening to have a prevalence of overweight in adolescents. The second step was case control study participated by 100 overweight adolescents and 100 normal weight adolescents in senior high school matched in sex, age, and school. Data collected were weight and height measurements for nutritional status, respondent identity and characteristic, breakfast dan snacking habits and physical activity. Statistical analysis used Chi-Square statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: Prevalence of overweight in adolescents were 16,8%. There was significant association between breakfast with overweight (p<0,05; OR=3.1; 95% CI=1.4-7.47). There was no association between snacking and overweight, but there was significant association between frequency of snacking (OR=1.9; 95% CI=1.05-3.50), the energy of snacking (OR=2.1; 95% CI=1.13-4.02), and carbohydrate of snacking (OR=4.5; 95% CI=1.94-11.50) with overweight. In the multivariate model, breakfast habits, carbohydrate of snacking and physical activity had a significant association with overweight.Conclusion: Skipping breakfast was a risk factor for overweight in adolescence. Adolescents who had to snack more than twice a day were having the greater risk factor for overweight.
Sanitasi, infeksi, dan status gizi anak balita di Kecamatan Tenggarong Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Abeng Andi Tenri , Ismail Djauhar , Huriyati Emy
Published: March 2019

Background: Malnutrition is a public health problem commonly encountered in developing countries. Almost 50% of 10-11 millions of mortality among children under-fives caused by malnutrition that is preventable. District of Kutai Kartanegara is known as the most wealth of district in Indonesia, yet the wealth cannot automatically solve the problem of its people. Numerous efforts have been made to solve malnutrition problem yet the morbidity rate is still relatively high.Objective: The study aimed to identify an association between sanitation with infection and nutritional status of under five at Subdistrict of Tenggarong, District of Kutai Kartanegara.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Samples consisted of 187 under fives of 7-60 months taken using proportional random sampling technique. Variable of sanitation was obtained from the interview with subjects using questionnaire and direct observation. Variable of infection was obtained from an interview with subjects and cross check at health centers. The dependent variable of nutritional status was based on anthropometric assessment using weight/height index. The bivariate analysis used Chi-Square and multivariate analysis used logistic regression.Results: The result of the statistical test showed there was a significant association between sanitation and infection (acute respiratory tract infection/ARI, diarrhea) of under fives (p<0.05). There was an association between ARI and diarrhea with wasted children (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was the significant association between sanitation, infection and nutritional status of under five at Subdistrict of Tenggarong District of Kutai Kartanegara.
Pengaruh suplementasi serat Psyllium husk dan diet rendah kalori seimbang terhadap berat badan, kadar kolesterol high-density lipoprotein, dan trigliserida serum pada obes I
Authors: Rasyid Irnawaty , Soegih Rachmad , Harbuwono Dante Saksono
Published: March 2019

Background: The increased prevalence of obesity will bring a great impact in the health sector, due to the effect of the influence of organ in the body such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reduced energy diet and exercise are effective for management weight loss. During the restriction diet, an obese person should increase the amount of dietary fiber up to 20−35 g/day, specifically of soluble fiber, to more effective fat loss and improve serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) cholesterol concentration. Psyllium husk (PH) is a source of natural soluble fiber obtained from Plantago ovate Forssk seed.Objective: The aim of the study have investigated the change of body weight, serum HDL cholesterol, and TG concentration in obese I after supplemented PH 8.4 g/day and balanced deficit calories diet (BDCD) for 4 weeks.Method: The survey used double-blind randomized clinical trial with parallel design. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; treatment (T) group and placebo (P) group. The T subjects received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day and the P subjects received placebo and BDCD 1200 kcal/day. The analyzed used independent t-test and Mann-Whitney.Results: A total 28 subjects (14 subjects in each group) had completed the intervention. There were no serious adverse effects reported during the intervention. Intake of dietary fiber in T group was 17.2 ± 2.8 g/day had significantly higher than P group 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, although supplemented with PH didn’t meet the recommendation of fiber intake (20-35 g/day). Decrease of body weight was -1,8 ± 0,8 kg and triglyceride level was -1,5 (-416−77) in T group that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,39 and p=0,84) with P group -1,6 ± 0,9 kg and -10,0 ± 31,3. Soluble supplementation (P group) increased serum HDL cholesterol concentration was 0,0 ± 4,3 mg/dL that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,86) with T group -0,4 ± 5,9.Conclusion: PH supplementation 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day in obese I can not reduce body weight, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration level in 4 weeks.
Durasi tidur, asupan energi, dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas pada tenaga kesehatan puskesmas
Authors: Ramadhaniah Ramadhaniah , Julia Madarina , Huriyati Emy
Published: March 2019

Background: The prevalence of obesity among adults has increased globally in both developed and developing countries, including Indonesia. Obesity occurs because of imbalance of energy intake and output in the long term and it can also be seen by calculating the value of the body mass index (BMI). The main risk factors are the reduction in the duration of sleep that causes increased energy intake and reduced physical activity, in addition to other factors such as gender, income, pregnancy, smoking and alcohol, health conditions, genetics, and psychology.Objective: To determine the relationship between sleep duration, energy intake and physical activity with obesity on health centers’ workers of Pidie Jaya District in Aceh Province.Method: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted on health workers in 11 health centers in Pidie Jaya District of Aceh Province who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were 200 people selected using simple random sampling. Obesity was assessed by BMI (weight in kg/height in m). Duration of sleep and physical activity were collected with a form of activity recall and energy intake with a food recall. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression.Results: There was a relationship between sleep duration and obesity with an OR value of 2.59; there was a relationship between energy intake and obesity (OR=2.55), and there was a relationship between physical activity and obesity (OR=2.47).Conclusions: Lack of sleep duration, high energy intake and low physical activity increased the risk of obesity on health centers’ workers in Pidie Jaya District of Aceh Province.
Persepsi tubuh dan gangguan makan pada remaja
Authors: Kurniawan Mohamad Yulianto , Briawan Dodik , Caraka Rezzy Eko
Published: March 2019

Background: There can no longer be any doubt that adolescents do indeed have body esteem problems. Several types of research seem to suggest that this wrong behavior caused by some negative perceptions as a result of dissatisfaction with the body and a person’s level of self-confidence. Therefore they often do misperceptions of his/her body that can lead to wrong dietary behavior. It’s related to the development of more severe body image and eating-related problems.Objective: This study determined the relationship of body image perception and eating disorders in adolescents.Method: A cross-sectional study was applied in this study. The subjects were 120 new students majoring in a nutritional program in Bogor Agricultural University (IPB). They completed a questionnaire measuring appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, body areas satisfaction, overweight preoccupation, self-classified weight and eating disorders. Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS) method is used to assess body image perception and Eating Attitude Test 40 (EAT-40) to predict eating disorders.Results: Descriptive analysis showed nutritional status were categorized as normal (83.3%), overweight (10.0%), obesity (4.2%) and thin (2.5%). With MBSRQ-AS method, most of the adolescents have appearance evaluation (80.0%), appearance orientation (99.2%), body areas satisfaction (80.8%), self-classified weight (71.7%) were categorized as negative, whereas overweight preoccupation (57.5%) were categorized as positive. There was (7.8%) female subject with eating disorders with more risk or have attitude the desire to eat continuously and can’t stop eating (2-3 times a month).Conclusion: Statistically using a significance level (α=5%) obtained a significant correlation between body image perception in overweight preoccupation subscale with eating disorders. However, there were no significant correlations for other subscales.
Asupan makan DASH-like diet untuk mencegah risiko hipertensi pada wanita prediabetes
Authors: Rahadiyanti Ayu , Setianto Budi Yuli , Purba Martalena Br
Published: March 2019

Background: Prediabetics have cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Unhealthy food intake can increase the risk of hypertension in prediabetes. Prediabetes hypertension has the impact on increasing prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A cohort study has shown that DASH diet is related to the lower incidence of hypertension in women (1).Objective: Of this study had the purpose to know that inappropriate DASH-like diet intake is associated with hypertension risk at prediabetes women in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon Semarang.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon area on January – March 2014 among 117 prediabetes women. The subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Independent variable in this study was DASH-like diet intake which assessed from FFQ and the dependent variable was hypertension risk. The subject was classified as at risk for hypertension if, in seated position, the mean of the two measurements was ≥120/80 mmHg. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results: The mean of DASH-like diet score in subjects who were not at hypertension risk (3.31) was higher than subjects who were at hypertension risk (3.23). There was 90,77% person with hypertension risk who did not consume DASH-like diet properly. But the association of DASH-like diet intake with hypertension risk was not significant (p=0.194). The multivariate result showed that there was association between family history (p=0.047), obesity (p=0.016), and fat intake (p=0.015) with hypertension risk.Conclusion: Inappropriate DASH-like diet intake may increase the risk of hypertension, but it is not statistically significant.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND EVOLUTION OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF TYPHOID FEVER IN SAINT-PETERSBURG
Authors: Novak K. E. , Dyachkov A. G. , Esaulenko E. V.
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To study an epidemiological features and evolution of clinical presentation of typhoid fever in modern megapolisMaterials and methods: A study of 115 patient’s medical records was performed. All patients were hospitalized in Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin, Saint-Petersburg, Russia during 2005–2017 with confirmed diag№sis of typhoid fever. We have conducted a comparison of epidemiological and clinical features between 59 patients hospitalized in 2005–2009 and 56 hospitalized in 2010–2017.Results: There was increase proportion of Central Asia’ countries citizens among study group during recent years. Social status of affected patients had also changed recently due to decrease fraction of homeless people along with decreased number of patients with accompanied infectious diseases. Atypical clinical presentation had become more common №wadays with most of a patients presented with moderate severity form of disease.Conclusion: Clinical presentation and epidemiology of typhoid fever are prone to changes over time. New data on epidemiology and predominance of atypical form of disease need to be considered to ensure prompt diag№sis of a disease.
THE RESULTS OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF THE NEW RUSSIAN DRUG 6НР IN THE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY REGIMENS OF HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: Kravchenko A. V. , Sizova N. V. , Minaeva S. V. , Kozyrev O. A. , Nagimova F. I. , Efremova O. S. , Gusev D. A. , Ovsyannikova E. V.
Published: March 2019

The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ART regimens that included different doses of the drug 6НР with the reception of QD, in comparison with the scheme of ART, containing, PhAZT, to select the daily dose 6НР in conducting phase III clinical trials.Patients and methods. 125 patients were randomized to 25 people in 4 groups, depending on the daily dose of the drug 6НР (600, 800, 1000, 1200 mg), and in the comparison group (phosphazide). For a daily dose of the drug 6НР the study was blind. All patients, in addition to the studied drugs were receiving 3TC and EFV. The effectiveness of ART regimens was assessed by the proportion of patients with HIV RNA <50 copies/ml and CD4+lymphocyte increase after 24 weeks of therapy.Results. The use of ART scheme, which included 6НР + 3TС + EFV, was highly effective regardless of the daily dose of the drug 6НР, and is comparable to the effectiveness of the comparison mode (PhAZT+3TC+EFV). More than 95.5% of patients receiving 600 mg and 800 mg of the drug 6НР QD, after 24 weeks of therapy, the level of HIV RNA was < 50 copies/ml (in the comparison group – 87.5%). In patients of all groups there was a significant increase in the median CD4+lymphocytes. The maximum result of increasing the median CD4 + lymphocyte count (164 cells/µl) was observed in patients receiving the drug 6НР – 600 mg/day. All the studied modes was safe because of the 24-week study made up 94% of the patients receiving 6НР, and 96% of receiving PhAZT. Only 1 patient (1%) receiving the maximum daily dose 6НР (1200 mg), marked AES possibly related to study medication, and which led to the cancellation of the treatment.Conclusions. The effectiveness and safety of all modes of ART did not depend on the daily dose of the drug 6НР and was comparable to the comparison scheme, which included PhAZT. The maximum virological and immunological response after 24 weeks of therapy was achieved in patients receiving the drug 6НР at a dose of 600 mg QD in the ART scheme. The drug 6HP is recommended for phase III study in a daily dose of 600 mg in the ART.
Estimation of Dispersed Glaciation Shrinkage Under Climate Change
Authors: Glazirin G. E. , Semakova E. R.
Published: March 2019

We propose a new method of estimating the shrinkage of glaciers over a wide area under conditions of changed climate. The method can be also used to quantitatively estimate the presence of glaciers under past climatic conditions, in mountainous areas where they are currently absent. The method is based on the use of statistical parameters of the distribution of glaciers by altitude zones, according to vertical distance from the climatic equilibrium line altitude (CELA). The method was used for the Pskem River basin (tributary of the Chirchik River, Western Tien-Shan) where glaciation has been extensively studied. Data are available for several glacier inventories for the basin for different time periods from 1957 to 2010. The number of glaciers for the part of the basin considered in the studies decreased by 16 percent during that period. Mean summer air temperature and annual precipitation were used as climate indicators characterizing ablation and accumulation on glaciers. Data of several meteorological stations located in the Pskem River basin were used to document these climatic characteristics. We estimated shrinkage of glaciers over the area for increases of summer air temperature of 0.5 - 2°C.
Occupational Hazards Management Using a Grey-Based Decision-Making Approach
Authors: Tabor Joanna , Cioca Lucian-Ionel
Published: March 2019

The objective of this paper is to present and verify the decision-making model which makes it possible to streamline the occupational hazards that tend to occur in the work environment, according to the adopted decision-making criteria. In this way, it will be possible to reduce inconsistencies of decision-makers deciding to focus their preventive measures upon the most important hazards, in the situation when the same assessments for hazards are obtained using classical matrix techniques. Within this model, a grey approach was proposed, which makes it possible for experts to use linguistic variables in such assessments. The following three risk assessment parameters were used as the criteria: probability of occurrence of hazards, level of their consequences, and a possibility to avoid them. The model was verified in a furniture manufacturing company on the basis of 17 key hazards assessment, which had been carried out by: an executive officer, a direct supervision employee, a work health and safety officer, and an expert coming from outside the company. This paper remedies some shortcomings in using the grey theory in occupational risk management, and constitutes an original application of this concept in the work safety area.
Job Safety Analysis in the Context of the Risk Management Process
Authors: Wojtyto Dorota , Rydz Dariusz , Pałęga Michał , Arbuz Aleksader S.
Published: March 2019

The article presents the Job Safety Analysis for a Glass Production Line Operator's Workstation in the context of the Risk Management Process. The main tasks performed by the worker have been defined, and then risks associated with each activity and preventive actions have been identified. On this basis, for the Health & Safety risk analysis and assessment, criteria have been established, which take into account the actual exposure to risks and their probability and results.
The Machinery Safety Management - Selected Issues
Authors: Kielesińska Agata , Pristavka Miroslav
Published: March 2019

In paper, the issues and the essence of labor protection in relation to EU and national legal standards in the field of machine safety have been presented. In the elaboration also, the requirements and selected issues of machine safety management in the sphere of their construction, production, distribution and operation have been defined. But above all, the general principles of hazard assessment and the technical measures applied to improve the safety of machines during their use have been presented.
The Security of the Health Organization Management - The Role of Doctors, Patients and Relations Between Them
Authors: Nieszporska Sylwia , Legchilina Elena
Published: March 2019

The management of contemporary health systems is a problem of many countries, which consists not only of issues related to the establishment of the roles of institutions involved in their functioning, the allocation of funds, asymmetry of information, or access to health services. Problems of the all system often result from faulty management of particular health institutions, and more specifically from the lack of agreement between the management staff, medical staff and patients.

The proposed study is an attempt to systematize the roles assigned recently to physicians and patients on the one hand, on the other – a presentation of non-standard solutions in this area, which are the existing cooperatives in health care in the world. The issue of jointly implemented by both groups of objectives and adaptation of the idea of cooperatives to the management process was justified by the theory of common pool resources and the game theory.
Work Safety in CSR Standards, Norms and Management Practice
Authors: Zadros Katarzyna
Published: March 2019

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) since several dozen years has been recognized as one of the most important solutions used by companies that want to build competitive advantage through concern for economic effects, people and the environment. Important role in the management of CSR by these companies is the implementation of its standards and norm and their reporting. However, the question arises whether such activities are sufficient to actually talk about the company as a socially responsible organization. In the presented article, a broader analysis of this problem was undertaken, trying to answer what determines the company's recognition as socially responsible.
The Management and Potential Risk Reductionin the Processing of Rare Earths Elements
Authors: Kapustka Katarzyna , Klimecka-Tatar Dorota , Ziegmann Gerhard
Published: March 2019

The rare earth elements (REE) are vital to innovation technologies and society and are important for the industry, especially for high-tech solutions. In the modern world, anumerous applications have been developed using rare earth elements (REE), implying human exposures and raising unclear questions as to REE-associated health effects. Protecting the environment and public health from disadvantageous actions of rare earth elements mining and processing as emerging pollutants is urgently desired to achieve sustainable development. All activities in mining processes like extraction, separation and after recycling of REE elements could create rick to human health and environment. In the paper the role of management in safety aspects during mining and processing of rare earth elements has been highlighted. In the paper, the potential dangerous and damaging effects on the environment and human health have been identified - the potential risk in the processing as well as the possibilities of preventing the occurrence of hazards have been analyzed.
Accident at Work as an Indicator Supporting the Decision Making Process
Authors: Strzelecka Agnieszka , Pytel-Kopczyńska Marzena , Droppa Milan
Published: March 2019

Identification of trends of the examined phenomenon plays a major role in taking decisions and allows conducting a deeper analysis of phenomena connected with the shaping of proper working conditions. One of the result indicators in the OSH system is the accident rate, whose existence is the result of a combination of various events. Seeking tangible economic benefits, decision makers in business entities who wish to improve activities protecting health and life of employees, pay great attention to using quantitative methods and drawing conclusions from them. This is conditioned by the fact that the analysis of the economic aspects of accidents is connected to a large extent with the cost of benefits the employer incurs for the benefit of accident victims. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to examine what impact on the cost of benefits due to accidents at work is exerted by such factors as: the number of related benefits, persons injured in accidents at work depending on the consequences and the number of days of inability to work caused by these accidents. Furthermore, this paper shows changes in costs of accident benefits of persons receiving those benefits due to inability to work caused by accident in business. In order to achieve this, it is proposed to present an econometric analysis based on the cross-section-time data with the dynamics of considered variables in voivodeships in Poland being examined. The study uses the annual data for the years 2010-2017. The data come from the CSO publications.
Selected Entrepreneurship Support Factors Increasing Women’s Safety and Work Comfort
Authors: Rembiasz Małgorzata , Siemieniak Paulina
Published: March 2019

Over the last twenty years a growing number of researchers have been interested in female entrepreneurship. Every third business venture in the world is run by a woman. Brief Women business owners face substantial risks and uncertainty. Women tend to take entrepreneurial risks if provided with various forms of support that increase their sense of psychological safety and work comfort. The below study findings identify the most useful support methods. The subject of the survey was to determine on a scale of five the usefulness of individual forms of business support. Respondents answered, how useful is listed form of business support. Support should be tailored to the demographic characteristics of women. In depending on the stage of life and life situation women need different support. The barriers to women entrepreneurship result not as much from difficulties in obtaining funding but rather from the frustration resulting from unfulfilled social needs. Access to support from the state, social organizations and family members increases the sense of psychological safety and work comfort in women, leading to a greater propensity to take risks and start and run businesses.
Impact of Occupational Health and Safety Regulations on the Employee's Decision to Take up Employment
Authors: Bazan-Bulanda Anna
Published: March 2019

Workers' safety in the workplace depends on the compliance of both employees and the employer with applicable regulations. The EU member states in internal law contain regulations in line with EU directives in this area. The author of this study decided to examine whether compliance by the employer with health and safety provisions is an element motivating employees to take up employment. he law applies to both employees and employers, but their content is not affected by any of the parties to the employment relationship. The purpose of the article was to answer the question whether compliance by the employer with health and safety at work rules is an element that influences the employee when making a decision about taking up employment. The method used was the diagnostic survey method and the survey tool. The research was conducted in 102 facilities-enterprises in the Silesian Voivodeship employing at least 20 employees. The respondents were employees within the meaning of the Labor Code who declared knowledge of basic regulations in the field of occupational health and safety. The unambiguous lack of impact of compliance with the health and safety at work regulations by the employer on the decision on employment was indicated by 29.3% of respondents, while 60.8% of all respondents declared such an impact. Among the surveyed employees there was a group of undecided people,
Innovation Safety Management by Shaping the Law on Non-Practising Entities (Patent Trolls) in the USA and EU
Authors: Odzimek Tomasz
Published: March 2019

In a knowledge-based economy, innovation resulting from R & D activities and subsequent management of their legal safety are of particular importance. Incorrect patent law can lead to abuse in the area of innovation security on a large scale through the activities of the NPE organization (patent trolls). This phenomenon is particularly noticeable in the US while in the EU it is at a negligible level.

The aim of the article is to demonstrate and prove by using comparative literature and documents analysis of US and EU, that inappropriate law leads to violations of innovation safety through the unhampered activity of patent trolls, while a change of the law to more restrictive law is a right step to reduce the patent trolling. On the other hand, the author proves that in an area with a less liberal definition of patentability, there are no many violations of innovation safety through patent trolling.
Strategic Goals of the European Union in Managing Health Safety
Authors: Bsoul-Kopowska Magdalena
Published: March 2019

With contemporary challenges and threats, health safety is more and more often taken into account in various European safety and health programmes. The European Union plays an important role in the improvement of public health, prevention and treatment of diseases, reduction in the number of sources of hazards to human health, and alignment of health strategies between member states. This paper presents the problems related to the management of health safety in the European Union. Furthermore, based on the analysis of EU documents, the strategic objectives of health safety management in member states were enumerated, with examples of coordination, cooperation and exchange of practices.
Evaluation of the Level of Work Safety, Advancement and Efficiency of the Use of Machines and Devices on Labelling and Packaging Line and an Attempt to Compare the Results Using the Modified Mckinsey Matrix
Authors: Knop Krzysztof , Mikulová Pavlína
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of the assessment of the level of work safety, the level of modernity and the efficiency of the use of machines on the labelling and packaging line. The assessment of the level of occupational safety was made on the basis of an interview conducted with machine operators, by direct observation and analysis of historical data. The basis for assessing the level of modernity was the ABC technology method and the 5-stage Parker scale, while the OEE indicator was used to assess the level of efficiency of the use. An assessment of the level of safety, modernity, efficiency and other aspects such as cleanliness, completeness, maintenance, improvements for machines in the line with the use a scale of 0-5 was included and next, based on the validity index, the overall result was calculated. Modified McKinsey matrix was used to evaluate these factors and comparison the obtained results with other lines in the company. As a result of the conducted analyzes, it was pointed out that it is necessary to take improvement measures in the area of the worst-assessed factors.