bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infective endocarditis secondary to a hemodialysis catheter revealed by subarachnoid hemorrhage: Case report
Authors: Marzouk Mahmoud , Mghaieth Fathia , Baffoun Nader
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Endocarditis associated with medical care is a rare and serious entity. The risk of occurrence is increased in hemodialysis patients due to the immunosuppression and the multiplicity of vascular accesses of different kinds. The mode of revelation can be variable given the diversity of symptoms it causes. Herein, we describe the case of endocarditis associated with medical care in a patient with renal failure who presents with neurological symptoms.
Observation: A 38-year-old patient with a history of kidney disease in the hemodialysis stage presented to the emergency room with altered neurological status in the context of fever. The patient's condition requires airway control, sedation, and vasopressor medication. Brain imaging revealed Fisher 4 subarachnoid hemorrhage with brain turgor. Transthoracic and transesophageal cardiac ultrasound exploration revealed infective mitro-aortic endocarditis with trigonal abscess fistulized in the left ventricle and destruction of the aortic valve with massive regurgitation. The additional imaging in a second step did not highlight any images of mycotic aneurysm. The indication for early surgery was not approved given the hemodynamic instability and the poor intracerebral hemodynamics demonstrated by transcranial doppler ultrasound. The initial outcome under antibiotic treatment and renal replacement was favorable. But the subsequent course was fatal due to septic shock with multiple organ failure.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of infective endocarditis should always be considered in hemodialysis patients presenting in a septic state with signs of systemic involvement. It is a source of mortality in these debilitated patients.
Managing scorpion envenomations: A Gabes emergency department case study of 60 patients
Authors: Hamdaoui Amine , Turki Houcemeddine , Lassoued Taha , Samet Amal , Rejeb Imen
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Scorpion envenomation constitutes a major public health issue in Tunisia, especially in arid regions such as the Gulf of Gabes. It is necessary to understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of this condition and the importance of early management.
Aim: This study aims to assess the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients admitted to the emergency department of Gabes University Hospital for scorpion envenomation, as well as the timing of management and intra-hospital evolution.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of 60 patients admitted for scorpion envenomation to the Acute Assessement unit at the Emergency Department of the Gabes University Hospital from January 2020 to January 2023.
Results: The average age was 35 years [1-85 years]. A slight male predominance (51.7%) was noted. Patients with chronic somatic diseases accounted for (25%) of our series. The predominant scorpion species was Androctonus australis (71.7%). The majority of incidents occurred during the nighttime (71.7%). Most patients were of rural origin (58.3%). The most common sting sites were the lower limbs (48.8%) and upper limbs (36.7%). Scorpion envenomation stages at admission were: Stage I (3.3%), Stage II (83.3%), and Stage III (8.33%). The average time to management was 2 hours. Patients classified as Stage II at admission or afterward were seen after an average of 3 hours. Patients initially classified as Stage III were seen after an average of 3 hours and 30 minutes, and those classified as Stage III during the hospitalization were seen after an average ..(abstract truncated at 250 words)
Congenital heart disease: epidemiological, genetic and evolutive profil
Authors: Marmech Emna , Barkallah Oumaima , Selmi Ines , Ben Hamida Nourzed , Guizani Amani , Ouerda Haifa , Khlif Syrine , Ben Hfaiedh Jihen , Kanzari Jihed , Khlayfia Zied , Halioui Sonia , Azzabi Ons , Siala Nadia
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Congenital heart disease is a heterogeneous group of malformations and one of the most common causes of mortality in children.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, genetic and evolutive characteristics of congenital heart disease.
Methods : A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out between 2020 and 2023 at the pediatrics and neonatology department of Mongi Slim university hospital of Tunis. All children with confirmed congenital heart disease were included.
Results : Forty-five patients were included, representing 5.7‰ of all admissions. The sex ratio was 1.4. A prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease was established in 9% of cases. The median age at the time of discovery was 18 days. The initial symptomatology was respiratory distress in 64% of cases. The main reasons for performing a cardiac ultrasound were heart murmur in 38% followed by polymalformative assessment in 27% of cases. Most of the cardiopathies were atrial septal defects (42%) and ventricular septal defects (40%). Cyanotic heart diseases represented 29% of cases, conotruncal ones 13% and ductodependent ones 16%. Congenital heart disease was associated with a genetic anomaly in 53% of patients, including 15 cases of trisomy 21 and four Di-George syndromes. The treatment was mainly medical (38%), associated with surgery in 5 cases. Death occurred in nine patients, representing a mortality rate of 20%.
Conclusion : Efforts still need to be made to improve pre- and post-natal diagnosis and ensure rapid treatment in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in our country.
Evaluating the Evolution and Impact of Film Talent Support Programs in Chinese Film Policy (2000-2022)
Authors: Liu Zhenyu , Indraragumhaeng Laddawan , Wongthahan Peerapong
Published: October 2024

Since 2000, the Chinese film industry has transitioned to a market-oriented system, placing increased emphasis on the development of domestic film talent. The Film Industry Promotion Law, implemented in 2017, formally incorporated the "Film Talent Support Plan" into national legislation, reflecting China's commitment to cultivating film talent. Despite this, a well-defined policy framework for film talent training remains underdeveloped, and the effectiveness of current policies requires further improvement. Additionally, the collaboration between the film industry and academic institutions in talent development needs deeper exploration. This paper examines the current state of film talent training in China's film market, categorizing the types and models used. It investigates the historical role and mission of the Chinese film talent training system in the context of building China as a "film power" and promoting the healthy development of its film industry. The research objective is to analyze the characteristics of film talent support policies, evaluate their implementation and effects, and propose strategies for future improvements. Employing cultural ecology and globalization theories, this paper identifies three key characteristics of China's film talent policies: hierarchical structure, market-orientation, and collaborative frameworks. However, the impact and application of these policies need continuous enhancement. The paper concludes by recommending the establishment of an integrated mechanism linking production, education, and research, which can drive technological innovation and improve training quality, thereby ensuring the sustainable development of Chinese film talent.
Economic, Social, Cultural Capital of the Region of Puno, Peru
Authors: Barra-Quispe David Eleazar , Mamani-Flores Adderly , Ticona-Yanqui José Luis , Ferro-Supo Francis Walter , Chura-Flores Juan Carlos , Huanacuni-Zapana Tony Henry , Ccori-Valdivia Dimaz
Published: October 2024

The present research had the need to contribute through a social anthropological proposal on urban behavior today in vogue, and the economic, social, cultural capital in the Puno region. The purpose was to analyze the elements that make up the urban behavior of the inhabitants and the Economic, Social, Cultural capital today. To this end, the documentary design and the qualitative method were used, documents related to the topic of the research and selected at the discretion of the researcher were analyzed, and semi-structured interviews were also applied to 13 representatives of the same number of provinces in the Puno region. The results revealed that in the Puno region the population dynamics tend towards the growth of the city and the abandonment of the countryside, which is caused by bad government policies in relation to rural spaces, also the authorities differentiate rural areas and city areas through the recognition of the population in terms of access to education,  to economic participation. Pollution and the lack of economic diversification are the reasons that have ended up shaping the urban image of the Puno region, the response to these problems, being a region with centralized services and that redefined human development, both epistemologically and geographically, and as a consequence the reinterpretation of coexistence.  of social groups and the perception of traditions and customs.
Ijara Ending with Ownership (Lease) A Case Study of Jordanian Islamic Banks
Authors: Munir Al-Hakim , Hanna Issa, Mohannad , Sameer Issa, Suzan , Samer Zakarneh, , Mohammad Alfalah, Banan
Published: October 2024

The study aims to analyze a comparative analysis of the pricing of the Ijara (Lease) product ending with ownership in four Islamic banks operating in Jordan, namely: Jordan Islamic Bank, Safwa Islamic Bank, Islamic International Arab Bank, and Al Rajhi Bank, where  the data was collected through personal interviews with  a sample of facilities staff in the four banks who have experience in dealing with the Ijara product ending with ownership, and the data was analyzed using (Excel) For each bank,  the rate of return on Ijara, the stability of the return, the amount of mutual insurance, the administrative fees, the grant commission, the internal rate of return (IRR), the possibility of early repayment with deduction from the remaining returns, and  the pros, cons and common factors between the four banks were compared. The study found that the Ijara product ending with ownership in Jordanian Islamic banks varies greatly in terms of terms and advantages, and although there are some positives, there is a need for more uniformity and transparency in the provision of this product, and the study recommended that customers should carefully compare different offers before choosing the right bank, negotiate with banks for better terms, and the need to be familiar with the terms of the contract before signing, and develop a financial plan Studied before requesting financing, while ensuring  the ability to pay installments regularly, and recommended banks to diversify banking products and apply the fourth form of transfer of ownership (gradual lease contract) because it achieves justice for the parties to the contract and is free from Deception (Gharar) against the tenant.
CORRELATION BETWEEN OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DIABETES
Authors: ZIBERI Egzona , F. MEMISHI Sheval , REÇI Mije
Published: October 2024

The pancreas is a very important gland of the human body, which produces insulin and glucagon, two important hormones that maintain proper blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus on the other hand is a chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood due to problems with insulin production, insulin action, or both. Oxidative stress (OS) is a physiological condition that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to detoxify these harmful molecules or repair the resulting damage. Reactive oxygen species are reactive molecules that contain oxygen, such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. These molecules are produced as natural byproducts of various cellular processes, but excessive accumulation of ROS can lead to cellular damage and contribute to various diseases. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the cases of diabetes that are related to oxidative stress in the regions of North Macedonia as a growing phenomenon year after year. Also, the purpose of the research lies in the deep understanding of this connection which can open the doors to innovative treatments that directly affect the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, offering hope for a more effective and personalized approach in the management and treatment of diabetes. As material for this study, were used the statistical data provided by the Institute of Public Health-Skopje. For diabetes statistics, the patient's blood as an analytical sample, and it was measured with a glucometer device which works on the principle of amperometry, where the maximum current obtained during an electrochemical reaction is taken as an indicator of the concentration of the analysis. Oxidative stress is a complex phenomenon and no method gives a real insight into its exact level. The part of measuring oxidative stress was done based on the quantitative method through patient questionnaires, with anamnesis (medical history of the patient) and with the patient survey where we used topics, questions, subjective complaints about their symptoms, and professional research about the field of stress as a phenomenon. The study is included in the regions of the Republic of North Macedonia and it covers 2020. In recent years there have been encouraging steps in understanding and studying the pathogenesis of diabetes related to oxidative stress. The epicenter of much research has been and is finding the key cause for recognizing the deep connection between oxidative stress and diabetes. This research aims to shed light on the need for therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing oxidative stress and preventing its damage to the body.
MICROMORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE GLANDULAR TRICHOMES OF SALVIA FRUTICOSA MILL. IN DHERMI AREA, IN SOUTH ALBANIA
Authors: SHEHU Matilda , ZEKAJ Zhaneta
Published: October 2024

The species of the genus Salvia are known for their medicinal value due to the presence of chemical compounds or as they are known as secondary metabolites. These compounds are present in the aerial parts of the plant, mainly in their glandular trichomes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the micromorphological structures of glandular trichomes and identify the secondary metabolites they contain in Salvia fruticosa Mill. in the Dhermi area, in South Albania. The histochemical technique used for the identification of secondary metabolites is the classical technique of staining the freehand sections of fresh plant material, which exploits the properties of certain reagents to form the chemical compounds containing glandular trichomes, stained products visible in the light microscope. Three main types of glandular trichomes were identified: peltate, capitate, and digitiforme. Peltate trichomes possess a basal cell, a short unicellular stalk, and a large secretory head with 8 secretory cells. Four types of capitate trichomes and a type of digitiforme trichome have been found in Salvia fruticosa Mill. Fenoles were detected at a high level at capitate trichomes type I and peltate trichomes. Proteins were detected at a high level at capitate trichomes type III. Alcaloides and tanines were detected at high levels at capitate trichomes type I, II, III and digitiforme trichomes. Tanines were detected at peltate trichomes too. Lipides were detected at high levels at capitate trichomes type II and III. Polisacharides were detected at high levels at capitate trichomes type II, III, IV, digitiforme, and peltate trichomes. Mucilages were detected at high level at capitate trichomes type III and peltate trichomes.
BIOCOENOSIS OF PHOTOPHILIC ALGAE IN THE ROCKY INTERTIDAL AREA OF TRIPORT, VLORA, ALBANIA
Authors: LUSHNJARI Kristiana , NASTO Ina , KAMBERAJ Anxhela , VESHAJ Brunilda
Published: October 2024

Albanian aquatic ecosystems, characterized by their rich biodiversity and ecological significance, are undergoing significant changes due to anthropogenic pressures and environmental transformations. Among the key biological components affected are the algal biocoenoses, which play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems by contributing to primary production and providing the foundational support for food webs. The study of algal communities in these waters not only helps in understanding ecological dynamics but also in assessing the health and sustainability of aquatic environments. Given the escalating environmental challenges, such as pollution and climate change, impacting these ecosystems, there is a pressing need for comprehensive studies focused on algal biocoenoses. Despite the considerable number of studies conducted, the understanding of algae in Albania remains insufficient. As we delve deeper into our investigations, the extent of our knowledge gaps becomes more evident, emphasizing the necessity for a thorough approach to addressing them. Algae, whether exerting a direct or indirect influence, occupy a pivotal role in our ecosystem. We owe them not only for the oxygen we respire but also for the absorption of carbon dioxide, thus mitigating its accumulation in the atmosphere. Moreover, they gift us a rich tapestry of biodiversity, serving as crucial habitat-forming organisms. This research aims to analyze the composition, distribution, and health of algal communities across Triporti rocky shore, employing both traditional and advanced scientific methods to provide a detailed insight into their ecological status and responses to environmental stressors. Such studies are essential for informing conservation strategies and ensuring the long-term viability of Albania's aquatic resources. Along the rocky shores of the Triport area, where biodiversity flourishes, our research endeavors have uncovered a diverse array of species spanning multiple phyla, including Ochrophyta, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta. Within this ecologically significant area, we have documented the presence of nine Ochrophyta species, ten Rhodophyta species, four Chlorophyta species, and two species of seagrasses. Notably, the majority of these species exhibit a consistent presence across both spring and autumn seasons. While these species contribute significantly to biodiversity maintenance, the emergence of invasive species, such as Caulerpa cylindracea, poses a great threat to indigenous flora and fauna by invading their habitats. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of algae in Albania is important to maintain ecological equilibrium and biodiversity preservation.
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF THE SHUSHIC RIVER USING BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES
Authors: ÇOBAJ Geolind , KIÇAJ Hajdar , PEPA Bledar , ALUSHAJ Amra
Published: October 2024

The study of river waters and the water flows of their tributaries is very important and necessary for the protection, use, and improvement of their condition. According to the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000) the use of benthic macroinvertebrates in river water quality monitoring is considered an efficient method. This study was conducted in 2019 in the Shushicë River, where its purpose was to assess the quality of river waters using the biotic index ASPT (BMWP) and the biotic index - SWRC. The sampling method used was based on the Kick net technique with a mesh size of 500 microns. From the sampling taken in four stations, 481 individuals belonging to two types (Arthropoda and Annelida), one class (Insecta), and one subclass (N/K Oligochaeta) were collected. The unidentified species belong to 8 orders (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Haplotaxid, Odonata, Hoplonemertea) and 28 families. Based on the results obtained from the calculation of the ASPT (BMWP) biotic index, stations I and III result in a "Clean" bio classification, and stations II and IV result in a "Partially clean" bio-classification. From the SWRC Biotic index calculations, the first station and the fourth station result in a bio classification of "Good", the second station results in a bio classification of "Clean", and the third station results in a bio classification of "Excellent" Based on the Biotic index ASPT (BMWP) and SWRC we can say that the Shushic River has good water quality, and partially with a slight organic pollution.
THE EXTENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REGIONS OF NORTHERN MACEDONIA
Authors: MUSTAFI Merime , RUSHITI Mireme
Published: October 2024

The agricultural sector displays distinct characteristics compared to other sectors of the economy. While market competition determines the fate of businesses in most sectors by favoring the best solutions, agriculture experiences exceptions due to state support in the form of subsidies. The primary rationale behind direct state support in agriculture is the essential nature of food for human survival. Agriculture encompasses a broad range of economic activities, including land cultivation, plant cultivation, animal breeding, and their utilization for human needs. Although agriculture is closely associated with natural conditions, it is crucial not to overlook the significant role played by social factors in its development. Natural factors for analysis include topography, climate, water resources, soil composition, flora and fauna, and the geological and petrographic characteristics of the soil. Social factors to be considered include land improvement, mechanization, chemical inputs, seed selection, animal breeding, and the establishment of vocational schools. In North Macedonia, there are six agricultural regions: Golemoezerski Region, Western Region, Skopje and Kumanovo Region, Eastern Region, Mediterranean Region, and Pelagonia Region. As a developing country, North Macedonia is undergoing a transition towards transforming its agriculture sector from a semi-open sector in international trade to a more open and liberalized one with support from both internal and external sources. This paper aims to critically assess the progress and prospects of North Macedonia in these processes and draw conclusions regarding the best alternatives for agricultural development.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN THE THERMAL MINERAL BATHS OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF DEBAR
Authors: HAMITI Resul , ÇIKRI KAJA Arbesa , MUSTAFI Merime
Published: October 2024

This paper deals with the thermal-mineral baths of Debar, their potential, and their role in tourism, as well as the number of visitors who frequent these baths during the year. These baths are located in the western part of the Republic of North Macedonia and are located in the rural settlements of Banjisht and Kosovrast, at an altitude of 880m (in Banjisht) and 590m (in Kosovrast). The thermal-mineral baths “Capa”, in the villages of Banjisht and Kosovrast, are among the tourist attractions with the greatest potential in the municipality of Debar, playing a primary role in economic development, increasing financial income, employment, and improving the living conditions of society. Some of the methods used in this paper are descriptive methods, analytical methods, comparative and statistical methods, and graphic and cartographic methods, taking into account the official data of the State Population Statistics Agency of the Republic of North Macedonia, as well as the data obtained in the field. This paper aims to present the values of these thermal localities, which at the same time represent an important natural resource in terms of attracting local and foreign tourists, as well as to provide an analysis of the factors that influence tourist movement, the dynamics of the number of tourists throughout the years, the benefits, etc. The high healing quality of thermo-mineral waters is the most important recreational and therapeutic element in these baths, which in combination with elements such as climate, landscape, and biogeographical qualities enable the healing ability that is determined to cure various diseases. The importance of the thermal baths of Debar is also increased by the fact that there are no other thermo-mineral waters in about 100 km (except those of Peshkopia, with poor infrastructure and suboptimal conditions for tourism). This fact presents extraordinary opportunities for the complex urbanism of these baths and maximum benefits from these natural resources. It is also worth emphasizing that suitable prices for rehabilitation and recreation in these hotel facilities play an important role in attracting customers.
THE NATURAL MOVEMENT OF THE POPULATION IN ТHЕ REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA 2014-2022
Authors: RUSHITI Mireme , REXHEPI Sonila , HAMITI Resul , MUSTAFI Meribe
Published: October 2024

The subject of this paper is the natural movement of the population in NMK for the period 2014-2022. The aim is to analyze the demographic components of natural population growth such as natality, fertility, and mortality. The population in NMK plays an important role in the country's development, depending on natural, economic, and social factors. In the last decade in the geographical space of the NMK, significant changes have occurred in the socio-economic plan and especially in the demographic of its population. Special attention is paid to the natural movement of the population, as it affects the movement of the general population in the NMK. The methods used in this paper are descriptive, analytical, comparative, statistical, graphic, and cartographic, considering the official data of the State Statistics Agency for the Population of NMK. The natality has generally decreased from 2014-2022 from 11.4 ‰ to 9.9 ‰. But mortality has increased in 2014-2022 from 9.5‰ to 12.3‰ (as a result of Covid-19). Regarding these rates, we found that natural growth has decreased from 1.9‰ to -2.4‰. If we analyze the fertility rate, we will notice that there are changes over the years, from 1.52‰ (2014) there is a decrease to 1.31‰ (2020) and then there is an increase to 1.6‰ (2022). This paper pays particular attention to the aforementioned demographic features at the state level. In our opinion, to change the values in the natural rate of population growth and the general population, specific policies should be undertaken, which would increase the birth rate and help stimulate families by first providing secure jobs for parents, additional financial resources and creating a perspective for the future, which would help increase births and decrease migration.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE IoT AND DIGITAL AGENDA IN THE WESTERN BALKANS: INTEGRATING A PROPOSED WEB APPLICATION FOR REGIONAL ADVANCEMENT
Authors: BAJRAMI Enes , HALILI Festim
Published: October 2024

The research presented in this paper originated from my master's thesis, and I have chosen to publish it together with my supervisor, who is the second author, to contribute to the existing body of knowledge. The technology known as the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand the current Internet infrastructure by facilitating connections and interactions between the physical and cyber worlds. IoT and its associated applications have significantly enhanced the quality of life on Earth. Advanced wireless sensor networks and their revolutionary computing capabilities have paved the way for various IoT applications to explore new frontiers, impacting nearly every aspect of daily life. Concurrently, the imperative of energy optimization has emerged as a major concern, driving the adoption of sustainable practices and green technologies. The fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with IoT represents a potent combination, enabling the realization of unique projects and innovative solutions. The potential impact of IoT and AI is vast, promising transformative changes in the future landscape. Recognizing the magnitude of these advancements, the European Commission is committed to collaborating with partners and authorities in the Western Balkans to fully implement the digital agenda. To this end, the EU and Western Balkans ICT Dialogue Initiative, established by the Commission in cooperation with regional partners, will oversee the implementation of the Digital Agenda.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IDENTITY ASSURANCE: KANTARA, EIDAS, AND REFEDS PERSPECTIVES ON LOA
Authors: SHEMSHI Vjollca , JAKIMOVSKI Boro
Published: October 2024

In the contemporary era marked by the pervasive use of digital devices, safeguarding electronic identity has become indispensable for ensuring secure and dependable interactions within federated systems. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of identity assurance frameworks, with a specific focus on the perspectives provided by Kantara, eIDAS, and REFEDS systems concerning Levels of Assurance (LoA), which involves examining various aspects of their identity assurance frameworks, standards, and implementations. Although Kantara, eIDAS, and REFEDS share a common goal of increasing identity assurance and trust in federated systems, they differ in their scope, regulatory mandates, LoA frameworks, and approaches to adoption and implementation. Understanding these differences is essential for organizations looking to navigate the complex landscape of identity management and choose the most appropriate frameworks for their specific needs. Through a meticulous review of each framework, this study delves into the foundational principles, methodologies, and implementations underpinning identity assurance within federated systems. By scrutinizing the perspectives of Kantara, eIDAS, and REFEDS, this analysis elucidates the similarities, distinctions, strengths, and limitations of each framework in tackling identity assurance challenges. Furthermore, this study explores the implications for future research and development in federated identity management, providing higher security of the electronic identities of users of federated systems. By fostering a deeper understanding of identity assurance frameworks, this comparative analysis contributes to the advancement of secure and trusted digital interactions in various organizational systems
AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR WASTE COLLECTION PATHS THAT AIMS TO CONNECT COST REDUCTION AND EMISSION MITIGATION IN ORDER TO ATTAIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES IN NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: MISIMI JONUZI Verda , MISHKOVSKI Igor , HALILI Festim
Published: October 2024

In the contemporary era, population growth and urban expansion are driving the necessity for creating a capable waste management system (WMS) that is based on recent advances and emerging models. Within these systems, waste collection appears as a key function alongside various procedures. A new approach presented in this research suggests the implementation of a two-level WMS to reduce operational costs and environmental implications through the incorporation of Industry 4.0 ideology. Both frameworks use the latest IoT-based traceability devices to compare real-time data on waste levels in containers and sorting facilities against a Threshold Waste Level (TWL) parameter. The primary model focuses on optimizing the operating costs and carbon dioxide emissions associated with transporting waste from containers to sorting facilities, integrating considerations for time constraints. Then, a capacity-constrained vehicle routing problem is formulated as a follow-up model to reduce the costs associated with transporting waste to recycling facilities. To determine the most effective solution, modern meta-heuristic algorithms are deployed, along with the development of various innovative heuristics that are tailored to the specific requirements of the problem. Furthermore, these newly generated heuristic approaches are used to generate preliminary feasible solutions within the meta-heuristic domain, which are then compared to randomly generated solutions. An evaluation of the efficiency of the proposed algorithms is performed, applying the best-worst method (BWM) to rank the algorithms based on criteria such as relative percentage deviation, relative deviation index and hit time.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OFFLINE WALLETS AND THEIR INTEGRATION WITH NFC FOR PRACTICAL OFFLINE PAYMENTS
Authors: SEJFULI-RAMADANI Nexhibe , IDRIZI Florim , ANGELKOSKA Valentina , RISTESKI Aleksandar
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we conduct a comparative examination of offline (cold) wallets that are designed for storing cryptocurrency. Our analysis focuses on security, usability, and accessibility, with specific attention given to popular solutions like Ledger and Trezor. We evaluate these wallets based on how practical they are to use without compromising security and efficiency. Furthermore, we explore the integration of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology into offline wallets. This approach aims to make cryptocurrency transactions more secure, convenient, and user-friendly, especially in Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations. By envisioning a future where transportation infrastructure and cryptocurrency security intersect, our research seeks to advance technologies that balance security with the demands of modern payment systems. Through this effort, we aim to provide valuable insights to stakeholders in the cryptocurrency ecosystem, informing strategic decisions and driving the development of secure, user-centric financial technologies. By shortening the gap between theoretical security concepts and real-world operational needs, our work aims to help other researchers and stakeholders create a future where blockchain-based currencies can be just as practical as efficient.
SOFT INTERSECTION ALMOST WEAK-INTERIOR IDEALS OF SEMIGROUPS: A THEORETICAL STUDY
Authors: SEZGİN Aslıhan , İLGİN Aleyna
Published: October 2024

This study aims to introduce the concept of soft intersection almost weak-interior ideals of a semigroup, which extends the notion of nonnull soft intersection weak-interior ideals of a semigroup. We explore the properties of the ideal in depth. We show that soft intersection almost ideal and soft intersection almost weak-interior ideal coincide with each other when the soft set is idempotent and we also illustrate that an idempotent soft almost weak-interior ideal is a soft intersection almost subsemigroup. We also establish significant connections between almost weak-interior ideals and soft intersection weak-interior ideals of a semigroup concerning minimality, primeness, semiprimeness, and strong primeness
DYNAMIC APPROACHES TO MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM MODELING: THE USE OF GEOGEBRA AND WOLFRAM MATHEMATICA FOR ENHANCED SOLUTION
Authors: SADIKI Flamure , HAZIRI Anduena , SEFERI Ylldrita , IBRAIMI Alit , IMERI Florinda
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the modeling of mathematical tasks which includes their mathematical expression (their mathematical form) and then the usage of mathematical tools to analyze and solve those tasks. To do this, first, we will try to understand the problem (task) which involves the identification of all its important elements and the selection of parameters associated with them. Then we will present mathematical expressions that describe various relations. We will choose the model depending on the nature of the problem and its complexity. In tasks that involve geometry, we will use the GeoGebra application. With this application, we have the opportunity to visualize, explore, and analyze the given model interactively. While, for models that involve analysis and algebra, we will use Wolfram Mathematica, which includes Wolfram Language as its programming language. After using these applications for different kinds of tasks, we will analyze and compare their solution by also solving them in other forms (classical forms for solving mathematical tasks). The purpose of using different applications is to improve the process of mathematical modeling, providing an interactive way to solve tasks, and often allowing faster and more advanced methods that lead to our task solution.
AFFINE AND PROJECTIVE PLANES CONSTRUCTED FROM RINGS
Authors: SADIKI Flamure , IBRAIMI Alit , XHAFERI Miranda , BAJRAMI Merita , SHAQIRI Mirlinda
Published: October 2024

In this paper, firstly, we show that there can be constructed an affine plane Α(F) from ternary ring in natural way. Firstly, we present the basic properties of affine and projective planes including their completion with each other, respectively, then we continue with their definition over a skew-field. Considering that not all affine planes are of the formA^2 (F), we use the Desargues properties to characterize them. Mathematically projective geometry if even more natural than its affine version. The work continues by obtaining the projective planes Ρ(F) by “completing” the plane constructed from ternary system , by means of projective completion and then constructing affine planes from projective planes by means of affine restriction. One should add a new point “at infinity” for each direction, there will also be a line “at infinity”. Affine lines l are too short, we must force the projective line to contain the direction l ̂=l∪{[l]}. The concepts are equivalent, if you have got one, you have got the other. In the end we show the process of affinization and projectivization of the projective and affine plane. Affinization of projectivization of an affine plane Α(F) may depend on the choise of line removed from Α ̂(F), and need not be isomorfiphic to Α(F).
APPLICATION OF CONIC SECTIONS IN PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
Authors: HALILI Rushadije , KELMENDI Endrita , BAJRAMI Merita
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present the equations of some conic sections and explore their applications in physics and astronomy. We investigate ellipses, parabolas, circles and hyperbolas that are essential in modeling a range of phenomena, from planetary orbits and satellite trajectories to projectile motion and optical systems. By discussing these geometric forms and their relationships with key concepts in physics, we examine how conic sections contribute to our understanding of celestial mechanics, gravitational forces and light reflection. This paper aims to provide a foundation for further research on the significance of conic sections in scientific exploration.
QE IN RADICAL EQUATION AND SOLID GEOMETRY
Authors: UDOVICIC Mirna
Published: October 2024

The first elementary recursive real quantifier elimination procedure was based on cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD). A method of QE has a wide range of applications in many other areas. An interesting application in solving radical equations was presented through the examples. Also, an application in geometry, more precisely in the implicitization of parametric curves and surfaces was presented. A very complex example of implicitization of the Enneper surface was presented. This topic is significant in solid geometry; in problems of finding the intersection curve of two surfaces, it is the most convenient that one surface is presented by its implicit, while the other one is presented by parametric form.
SEAa- TEACHING METHODOLOGY IN NATURAL SCIENCES AND MATHEMATICS
Authors: AJREDINI Fadil , SYLA Naim
Published: October 2024

Teaching science based on student experience is not a new idea. SEA is based on the teaching/learning strategy of the German pedagogue Martin Wagenschein. Some other well-known names (predecessors of thought) were: Jean Piaget, Neil Bruner Dieter Nachtigall, and more recently Jürgen Schӧnherr and Ingo Mueller. Jürgen Schӧnherr is regarded as the man who introduced SEA and practiced it in many countries of the world, and for this reason, he is also known as Papa SEA. Through Starter Experiment, a comprehensive approach to teaching science and mathematics is provided. According to this approach, special attention is paid to the internal motivation of more students, especially girls who usually suffer from the “natural dominance” of boys during natural sciences and mathematics learning. The constituent elements of the SEA are: • At the beginning of each chapter of the course, the lesson begins with observations of the environment or with an experiment which is called initial or starter. • Individualization of important steps such as: observations, construction of hypotheses, and formulation of concepts. • Working in groups for planning and carrying out verification experiments. • Communicating to the whole class about the idea, strategy, concept, and their application. • Elaboration of the new knowledge anticipated to be understood. • Redefining the role of the teacher as a stimulator and organizer of the learning process. • Motivation of students and teachers for natural sciences and mathematics.
LI-DOPED CZTS, SYNTHESIZED BY SPIN-COATING, FOR IMPROVED PV CELL PERFORMANCE
Authors: ALITI Ramadan , PUTTHISIGAMANY Yoganash , RISTOVA Mimoza
Published: October 2024

In this work we present а comparative study of two photovoltaic cells based on n-type CZTS (Cu2ZnSnS4) kesterite-type thin films, using (a) an undoped pristine CZTS absorber and (b) doped with Li CZTS absorber, both integrated into photovoltaic (PV) cells, incorporating CdS thin film as an n-type buffer layer. The morphological, structural, compositional, optical, and electrical properties of both absorbers CZTS and CZTS:Li were studied by SEM-EDX, XRD, Vis-NIR spectroscopy, Hall-effect, and four-point probe measurements, revealing the impact on the Li-doping. The evaluation of the band gap was made using Tauc-plots. The influence of Li-doping in the CZTS films was scrutinized through the comparative study of the IV characteristics of PV cells. The results showed that the Li-doped CZTS yields better efficiency η=0,83% versus 0,53% for pristine CZTS absorber and better cell parameters, except for the Fill-Factor.
Analysis of Case Studies on The Crime of Human Trafficking
Authors: Alpadly Achmad Arif , Tafsirudin  , Irkham Yusuf , Karina Siska , Gunawan M. Sigit
Published: October 2024

The study seeks to investigate the challenges in the enforcement of laws pertaining to human trafficking offenses involving Indonesian migrants. This research addresses legal challenges from a normative perspective grounded in the rule of law inside statutes and regulations. The material utilized in this study is empirical judicial. Field research is undertaken to examine the many legal requirements that are applicable in society. This research indicates a limited number of stakeholders involved, including Indonesian migrant workers, civil registry officials, airport staff, airport officers, and immigration personnel, who can facilitate the passage of Indonesian migrant candidates in terms of rewards. Legal action by the Indonesian migrant protection agency for the postponement of services, revocation of business licenses, recall of written agreements, business operations, and annulment of prospective commercial activities. Migrant workers and foreign laborers are responsible for their expenses. Prolonged initiatives are encouraged under the stringent oversight of Indonesia's labor service provider firms. Human trafficking is governed by Law No. 21 of 2007, which addresses eradicating this crime. The law serves two essential functions in social change: as an instrument of social control and as a method of social engineering. RT, RW, and village institutions contribute to community empowerment in effectively implementing preventative measures. Legal understanding pertains to the comprehension of the regulations established by written law about permissible and impermissible societal conduct.
Protection Of Human Rights In The Indonesian Constitution: An Analysis Of The 1945 Constitution
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Sugianto  , Hidayat Dudung
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes the protection of human rights (HAM) in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (1945 Constitution). The research uses normative juridical methods with conceptual and legislative approaches to examine how the 1945 Constitution protects human rights. The study results show that the 1945 Constitution has comprehensively accommodated the protection of human rights, especially after a series of amendments. This amendment has strengthened the guarantee of human rights protection and clarified the basic rights guaranteed by the Constitution. However, even though human rights protection has been accommodated in the 1945 Constitution, implementing these protections still faces various challenges in practice. Some of the main challenges identified include inconsistencies in law enforcement, lack of harmonization of laws and regulations, and low public awareness and understanding of their rights. This paper concludes that further efforts are needed to strengthen human rights enforcement in Indonesia. These efforts include harmonization of relevant laws and regulations, capacity building of law enforcement institutions, and campaigns to raise public awareness of the importance of human rights. Thus, to achieve adequate human rights protection in Indonesia, collaboration between the government, legal institutions, and the wider community is needed to create an environment conducive to respecting and enforcing human rights.
The Role of Adat, the Business World, the Government, and Higher Education Personnel in Urgent Environmental Law Enforcement Efforts to Tackle the Growing Plastic Waste Crisis
Authors: Permana Deni Yusup
Published: October 2024

Time perpetually advances, and circumstances evolve, influencing lifestyle modifications. Technological advancements have facilitated a more convenient, practical, and comfortable human existence. The tradition of using plates and spoons, necessitating dishwashing, has been supplanted by a culture of disposable plastic utensils. Plastic garbage is ubiquitous, prompting some communities to declare a waste emergency. A literature review has been conducted on the roles of customs, the business sector, government, and higher education workers in addressing the waste emergency associated with law enforcement initiatives. This study employs a literature review utilizing many data sources, including publications and the Internet. The study results indicate that all community sectors collaborated to address plastic trash, including Indigenous peoples, the corporate sector, central and regional governments, and higher education professionals, each according to their individual capacities. Importantly, public awareness of the need to mitigate garbage accumulation has begun to increase, offering hope for the future. Nonetheless, the issue of inundating plastic garbage resulting from alterations in actual life dynamics remains our responsibility.
Estrategias de Formación Docente en TIC para mejorar la calidad educativa
Authors: Arteaga Alcívar Yamileth Arteaga Alcívar
Published: October 2024

Los continuos avances tecnológicos han llevado a las instituciones educativas, administradores y docentes a replantear el papel que representan, los modelos de enseñanza y la visión de futuro, siendo las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) testigos de los nuevos desafíos para la educación de calidad entre los estudiantes, originando, todo esto, la actualización de los programas de formación docente para que estén unísonos con las necesidades actuales de los procesos educativos. Por su parte, la calidad educativa depende del desarrollo de la tecnología de la información en varios aspectos, tal como el aumento de la motivación del alumno, el enriquecimiento de las habilidades básicas e incremento de la capacitación de los docentes en el área tecnológica. Por tanto, las TIC usadas de forma correcta sirve como herramienta de transformación del plan de estudios de formación docente con el fin de crear un entorno centrado en el alumno. Considerando que deben ser aprovechadas al máximo las ventajas que ofrece la tecnología para elevar la calidad de la educación y también para dar sentido al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, se planteó la presente revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de analizar el impacto de las estrategias de formación docente en TIC para mejorar la calidad educativa, estableciendo de manera previa la relación existente entre la formación docente y la calidad de la educación, revisando también los desafíos que enfrentan los docentes para aplicar estrategias TIC en los procesos educativos.