bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG EMPLOYEES IN ONE OF THE MULTI-SPECIALITY HOSPITAL
Authors: U.Suji  , N.Nandhini
Published: April 2021

Job satisfaction is one of the most essential factors in the health organization. The study examines the job satisfaction attributes of the employee’s in the health care industry. Job satisfaction is the employees own perception on their work. It is literally mentioned that “A happy employee is a productive employee” Job satisfaction play a vital role in employees working place,as they spend a major time in it.An analysis of job satisfaction factors was completed in order to help the organization growth. The study implies that employees welfare and growth factors, affect the satisfaction level of employee in the multispeciality hospital.
White-tailed deer monitoring at Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas: 2005–2020 trend report
Authors: Peitz David , Reibold Naomi
Published: April 2021

From 16 years (2005–2020) of monitoring trends in white-tailed deer within a defined survey area of Arkansas Post National Memorial, we have been able to demonstrate both population declines and recoveries. The adjusted count of deer had a seven-fold increase between 2007 and 2011 following a two-year decline and a three-fold increase between 2017 and 2019 following a six-year decline. Overall, the deer population has declined slightly, averaging a 0.5% reduction in herd size annually. The number of deer in the survey area ranged from 16.77 ± 21.26 (mean + 95% CI) individuals/km2 in 2007 to 118.95 ± 39.03 individuals/km2 in 2011. The amount of visible area surveyed each year varied between 0.25 and 0.47 km2 (coefficient of variation = 16.47%). If the white-tailed deer population becomes too large, this poses several problems for Arkansas Post National Memorial. First, it adds a level of complexity to implementing active natural resource management critical to preventing the cultural landscapes of Arkansas Post National Memorial from changing into something that has little resemblance to the historical character of the park. Deer deferentially browse native vegetation over exotic vegetation, thus promoting the spread of exotic species, and the success of tree planting can be curtailed by heavy deer browsing. Second, controlling deer related disease, some of which can affect domestic livestock and human health in and around the park, becomes increasingly difficult when there are more deer. Third, as additional ancillary data suggests, the largely unreported and costly deer-vehicle collisions in and around Arkansas Post National Memorial have the potential to increase if the deer populations grow.
INVESTIGASI DAN REKAYASA TAPAK REKLAMASI: STATE OF ART SUATU SOLUSI UNTUK MENUNJANG PASCATAMBANG TIMAH ALLUVIAL YANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Sulistijo Budi , Chamid Chusharini , Kusumo Adriyanto D
Published: April 2021

Reklamasi pada area bekas tambang merupakan salah satu tantangan untuk merepresentasikan wujud nyata manajemen berkelanjutan pada sektor pertambangan Indonesia. Kerangka kerja peraturan reklamasi dan pasca tambang di Indonesia menetapkan berbagai persyaratan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan reklamasi dan pasca tambang. Sebagai langkah awal, para pemangku kepentingan diwajibkan untuk berkonsultasi secara detail tentang peraturan-peraturan yang berlaku. Reklamasi timah alluvial (dan kemungkinan endapan logam alluvial lainnya) merupakan masalah yang pelik dalam mewujudkan program reklamasi pasca tambang yang berkelanjutan. Sering kali program reklamasi gagal karena adanya proses penambangan kembali di lahan yang sudah direklamasi. Masalah utama dalam proses reklamasi timah alluvial adalah bahaya geologi, hidrologi, hidrogeologi dan penambangan kembali. Dengan adanya data-data yang baik maka akan dapat dilakukan rekayasa teknik yang baik untuk mewujudkan reklamasi yang berkelanjutan. Penerapan teknologi tepat guna untuk mengantisipasi bahaya geologi, hidrogeologi, hidrologi serta monitoringnya sehingga aspek yang akan mengurangi keberhasilan program reklamasi sudah dapat diantisipasi sejak awal sehingga program pencegahannya dapat dilakukan sejak dini. Proses sterilisasi yang baik dilakukan sejak awal proses penambangan ataupun dilakukan sebelum proses penutupan tambang agar proses reklamasi dapat berjalan secara berkelanjutan.
Rivalitas Semu Elite Politik pada Pemilukada Gubernur Provinsi Jawa Timur 2018
Authors: Pradana Muhammad Aditya
Published: April 2021

Rivalitas dan kerja sama elite di Indonesia hadir akibat adanya kepentingan antar kelompok aktor yang saling bersinggungan satu sama lain di dalam berbagai aspek. Bahwa elite selalu berusaha untuk menciptakan konsensus melalui kerja sama atas perhitungan keuntungan sekalipun terdapat rivalitas di antara elite yang bersinggungan. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari pemilukada di Jawa Timur pada 2008, 2013, dan 2018.  Pada Pemilukada Jawa Timur 2008 dan 2013, Soekarwo menjadi rival dari Khofifah. Namun, pada Pemilukada Jawa Timur 2018, Soekarwo beralih mendukung Khofifah dan memutuskan tidak mendukung wakilnya selama dua periode, yaitu Saifullah Yusuf. Penelitian ini ingin melihat faktor melatarbelakangi rivalitas dan kerja sama elit, khususnya dalam konteks Pemilukada Jawa Timur 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan teori kerja sama Antagonistik, Teori Boundary Control, Party-led Transition, dan Teori Integrasi dan Lingkaran Elite. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat peran dari elite nasional, dalam konteks ini DPP Partai Demokrat dan adanya pengaruh presiden Joko Widodo dalam peralihan dukungan Soekarwo kepada Khofifah. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan saling ketergantungan antara Seokarwo dan Khofifah. Soekarwo berharap bahwa apa yang ia lakukan dapat diteruskan oleh Khofifah, sedangkan Khofifah bergantung dengan dukungan penuh dari Soekarwo sehingga ia dapat menang di wilayah yang ia tidak pernah menangkan sebelumnya.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Kepuasan Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Perijinan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Hutagalung Primadonna
Published: April 2021

Keberhasilan atau kegagalan suatu organisasi melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya berhubungan erat dengan para pelaku organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja, baik secara parsial maupun bersama-sama. Sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang berkinerja baik akan memudahkan organisasi mencapai visi, misi, dan tujuannya. Serapan anggaran yang rendah dapat dijadikan salah satu acuan penilaian rendahnya capaian kinerja organisasi. Kinerja seseorang dapat menjadi optimal, jika didukung dengan kondisi kepemimpinan yang baik, adanya kepuasan kerja dalam melaksanakan tugas dan budaya organisasi yang baik. Namun bila kondisi yang ada kurang baik dapat menyebabkan rendahnya kinerja pegawai. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda. Populasi yang dipilih adalah Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Perijinan Terpadu Satu Pintu dengan jumlah sampel jenuh sebanyak 40 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja dan budaya organisasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja. Secara parsial kepemimpinan berpengaruh signifikan dan positif  terhadap kinerja, kepuasan kerja berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja, dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Sosial di Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Panggabean Nursahara
Published: April 2021

Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pembatasan konsep atau variabel penelitian yang digunakan. Kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah pada penelitian ini diakomodasi ke dalam komponen atau dimensi yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai, yaitu motivasi kerja, kepemimpinan, budaya organisasi, kompetensi dan kompensasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dimensi manakah dari variabel motivasi yang dominan memengaruhi kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan pendekatan deskriptif-eksploratif untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang dominan mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, teknik analisa data dengan menggunakan analisis faktor (factor analysis). Uji validitas menggunakan rumus Corelation Product Moment sedangkan uj reabilitas menggunakan metode Cronbach (Alpha / Reablity Analysis). Terdapat 3 (tiga) faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Faktor dominan utama dalam dimensi kompetensi adalah skill dan knowledge (46.47%). Variabel manives dimensi kompensasi, setelah direduksi/ekstrak juga membentuk 3 (tiga) component/ faktor dominan, pada bobot faktor dimensi kompensasi, tunjangan memiliki bobot paling besar yaitu 24.47%. Pada faktor dimensi motivasi kerja diketahui bahwa faktor yang memberi kontribusi besar atau dominan terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah adalah kebutuhan untuk berprestasi (49.30%), hasil pencarian faktor dimensi kepemimpinan dapat diketahui bahwa faktor yang memberi kontribusi besar atau dominan terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah adalah pelaksanaan fungsi kepemimpinan (50.47%).
Evaluasi Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri melalui Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi Intrinsik, dan Komitmen di Tapian Nauli Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah
Authors: Simanjuntak Johannes
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan kerja, motivasi intrinsik dan komitmen profesi guru terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Tapian Nauli Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah. Uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji F (Simultan) dan uji t (parsial). Tingkat kepercayaan yang digunakan adalah 95%, maka taraf signifikan (?) = 0,05. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan mengambil sensus 68 responden sebagai sampel. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan studi populasi, di mana seluruh populasi penelitian menjadi sampel penelitian. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan model persamaan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa variabel lingkungan kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, sedangkan variabel motivasi intrinsik dan komitmen guru berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru. Lingkungan kerja, motivasi intrinsik dan komitmen guru berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru.
Klasterisasi Tingkat Masa Studi Tepat Waktu Mahasiswa Menggunakan Algoritma K-Medoids
Authors: Firzada Fahmi , Yunus Yuhandri
Published: April 2021

Masa studi tepat waktu merupakan salah satu parameter dari keberhasilan seorang mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan kuliah untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana. Bagi seorang mahasiswa dikatakan telah menyelesaikan studi tepat waktu jika mampu menyelesaikan studinya kurang dari atau sama dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan. Sedangkan bagi mahasiswa yang menyelesaikan studi lebih dari waktu yang telah ditentukan tersebut dikatakan tidak lulus tepat waktu. Memberikan fasilitas untuk mengetahui perkiraan waktu lulus mahasiswa. Dengan memberikan informasi mahasiswa mana saja yang masuk dalam cluster dapat menyelesaikan masa studi tepat waktu dan mahasiswa mana saja yang masuk dalam cluster mahasiswa yang tidak menyelesaikan studi tepat waktu. Pada penelitian ini data yang diolah adalah data mahasiswa yang telah lulus di tahun sebelum nya. Kemudian data diolah menggunakan software rapidminer. Penelitian ini menerapkan algoritma K-Medoids dalam pengklasterisasi. Algoritma K-Medoid merupakan kelompok metode partional clustering yang meminimalkan jarak antara titik berlabel berada dalam cluster dan titik yang ditunjuk sebagai pusat cluster tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode K-Medoid ini diharapkan dapat menghasilkan cluster mahasiswa yang dapat menyelesaikan masa studi tepat waktu dan mahasiswa yang tidak berhasil menyelesaikan masa studi tepat waktu. Hasil dari pengujian terhadap metode ini adalah mengetahui cluster mahasiswa yang dapat menyelesaikan masa suti tepat waktu dan cluster mahasiswa yang tidak dapat menyelesaikan masa studi tepat waktu. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi untuk pihak kampus dalam melakukan evaluasi terhadap kecenderungan mahasiswa dapat menyelesaikan masa studi tepat waktu atau tidak. Hasil evaluasi terhadap kinerja dapat menghasilkan informasi bagi prodi, dosen dan mahasiswa dalam membuat kebijakan.
Determining Terrorism Proxies for the Relationship With Tourism Demand: A Global View
Authors: Polyzos Efstathios , Papadopoulou Georgia , Fotiadis Anestis
Published: April 2021

This study examines the determinants of the relationship between terrorism and tourism, by testing different proxies to assess both the frequency and the severity of terrorist activity. The methodological approach includes implementing principal component analysis into four different
sets of possible proxies for terrorism in order to examine their relationship with international tourism arrivals over the period 1998–2018. The dataset includes world tourist flows and terrorist incidents anywhere in the world in order to avoid regional effects. The empirical results
show that all candidate proxies exhibit a long-run, negative relationship with tourism, while there is also an impact of tourism on terrorism, with conflicting directions between the short run and the long run. The findings suggest that increased terrorist activity may cause destination substitution
in the short run but will have adverse effects in the long run. In addition, authorities should be prepared for a rise in terrorist incidents during periods with increased tourist flows. Finally, research on terrorism should take into account the qualitative characteristics of terrorist activities.
Time-dependent Expression of Caspase-3 and Degeneration of Lateral Rectus Muscle on Experimental Esotropia in Rabbits
Authors: Luki Indriaswati  , Nurwasis  , Gatut Suhendro  , Soetjipto  , Retno Handajani
Published: April 2021

Background: To identify correlation between caspase-3 expression and degeneration of lateral rectus muscleon experimental esotropia in rabbits by using time dependent analysis. Methods: Twenty four rabbits weredivided into 4 groups, first month sham (S1); second month sham (S2); first month esotropia (E1); andsecond month esotropia (E2) model groups. Immunohistochemical and haematoxyllin eosin staining wereperformed. Results: In first month observation no significant difference in caspase-3 expression between S1(1.56 ± 1.03) and E1 (3.93 ± 1.66) groups (p >0.05) and in the degeneration score of lateral rectus musclebetween S1 (1.33 ± 1.36) and E1 (3.83 ± 2.04) groups (p> 0.05). In second month observation no significantdifference in caspase-3 expression between S2 (1.80 ±1.08) and E2 (6.50 ± 3.26) groups (p >0.05); butthere was significant difference in the degeneration score of lateral rectus muscle between S2 (1.16 ± 1.16)and E2 (4.50 ± 1.04) groups (p <0.05). There was a significant correlation between caspase-3 expressionand the degeneration score of lateral rectus muscle (p=0.020; r=0.471). Conclusion: On the experimentalesotropia with prolonged lateral muscle contraction in rabbits, the increasing trend of caspase-3 expressionhas a correlation with the increasing degeneration score of lateral rectus muscle.
Determination of Sex by Morphometry of Acetabulum and Acetabulopubic Index in South Indian Population
Authors: M. Sreenivasan  , S. K. Nawaz Ahmed
Published: April 2021

The capability of determination of gender from unknown human skeletal remains is indispensable andthe techniques to find out this from different bones of human skeletal remains have been researchedtremendously. Several investigators have asserted the necessity for population specific statistical data formethods that are dependent on specific measurements as there exist ample variations in body size amongdiverse ethnic populations. Most reliable bone exhibiting sexual dimorphism in human body is the pelvis andwe have chosen it for derivation of population and sex specific data with respect to diameter of acetabulumand acetabulopubic index. 72 adult, dry innominate hip bones without any morphological deformities anddefects (38 of male and 34 of female sex) belonging to South Indian population were carefully studied withrespect to diameter of Right acetabulum and acetabulopubic index derived from the maximum distancebetween pubis symphysis and the anterior rim of acetabulum i.e. cotylopubic length or acetabulum-pubissymphysis length. All measurements were accurately taken with the aid of digital Vernier caliper andresults were analyzed by means of SPSS software version 26 and the results including the demarking point,standard deviation, sectioning point etc. were found to be statistically significant and therefore acetabulumdiameter and acetabulopubic index can be authentically applied for sex determination from dry adult hipbones belonging to the South Indian population. From the analysis of demarking point, AP index of >94.13identified 73.84% of male sex and <87.15 identified 84.97% of females and therefore AP index can definitelybe considered as the positive and decisive indicator for sex determination from adult hip bones.
Digital Dental Photography-A Modern Revolution
Authors: M.A.Eswaran  , G.Priya  , A.Brighton Maniselvan  , A.Vishwani  , Tanaaz Khan  , R.Karthika
Published: April 2021

Digital photography has multilevel significance and represents the synonym of contemporary dentistry. Itsapplication in dental practice is simple, fast, and extremely useful in documenting procedures of work,effectuating the education of patients, and pursuing clinical investigations, thus providing many dentists andpatient. This article aims to review the various features and advancements in the field of dental photographyand its application in prosthodontics.
Case Report on “Budd Chiari Syndrome”
Authors: Mercy Joseph  , Vaishali Tembhare
Published: April 2021

Background: Hepatic Vein Thrombosisis also known as Budd Chiari Syndrome is a sparse disordermarked by obstruction and narrowing of the hepatic veins i.e., veins of the liver. 70% casers of Budd ChiariSyndrome are unknown. Approximately 10% have polycythemia vera which is a type of blood cancer.Clinical manifestations can be developed due to the blockage of the major veins which carries blood fromthe liver to the heart. Features may include hepatomegaly (an abnormally enlarged liver), pain in the upperright part of the abdomen, yellowish color of the skin and sclera (whites of the eyes) jaundice i.e., due tojaundice, ascites i.e., accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity between the two layers of membranethat lines the stomach. Portal hypertension (due to increase in pressure of the portal veins) etc. Diagnosisof hepatic vein thrombosis is made based upon a detailed diagnostic findings, a thorough history of patient,and a variety of specialized tests. Management of hepatic vein thrombosis includes corticosteroid drug.anticoagulants, angioplasty, etc. Patient history: The patient is a female, 46 years old who was admittedin A.V.B.R.H. on 29/11/19 with chief complaints of tenderness in abdomen on palpation, fever, rigor andpain. Past history: Patient is a known case of hypertension and cerebrovascular accident. Clinical findings:The patient has undergone venography, Complete blood count, etc. Pharmacology: The patient was treatedwith medications such as, tab. Augmentin 625 mg, tab. Pantop 40 mg, tab. Ultracet 50 mg, tab. Mucomix625 mg. Nursing management: Administered IV fluids as advised by physician. Administered medicationsas prescribed by physician. Monitored vital signs. Conclusion: The 46 years old female was admittedto AVBRH in Cathlab ICU with chief complaints of pain in abdomen, fever, rigor etc. after undergoinginvestigations she was diagnosed as Budd Chiari Syndrome.
Does Virtual Brain Autopsy Could be Used as a Clue for Detection of Personal Identity?
Authors: Mohamed A M  , Ghada M E  , Sherin S G  , Makloph MG
Published: April 2021

Background: virtual autopsy nowdays show great success in human identification. Nowdays singleComputerized tomography of the brain could help answering many questions regarding the identity ofhumans, it could lead us to the gender ,weight and height roughly of the person in question.Patients and Methods: cross- sectional study during the period April 2019 till Mars2020 , One hundredand fifty participant aged between 15 and 29 years old were envolved in the current study after taking theirwritten and verbal consent or their caregiver and doing C T Brain for every one of the studied participant.Results: brain volume is statistically significant with weight , height, gender of the studied participant hencewe could use CT Brain to know the brain volume and then we could suspect weight , height and even genderso we can reach to the identity of the individual.Conclusion: We me be no longer in need of doing autopsy where virtual autopsy could find the answer tomany questions in research, where a correlation was found between brain volume ,gender, weight and height.
Genotyping of Human Papilloma Virus Causing Skin Wart among Iraqi Patients
Authors: Mohammed Ghani Madlu  , Wissam Saleh Abood
Published: April 2021

The papillomaviruses are a large group of tiny, non-enveloped DNA viruses that in several differentanatomical locations can cause squamous epithelial tumor’s (warts and papilloma’s). There is a closeassociation between HPV and cervical uterine cancer . The genome is composed of 7200–8000 base pairsand is divided into three parts, early region (E) comprising of E1, E2, E4–E8 and reflecting 50 percent of theL1 and L2 genome, Genomic DNA from wart tissue samples were extracted by using gSYAN DNA mini kitextraction kit . The Real Time PCR primers for detection and genotyping of DNA Human papillomavirustype 1 and type3 and type6 based on L1 gene that designed in this study using NCBI-Genbank Sequencedatabase and primer 3 plus . The genetic study included analysis of a common DNA to HPV that was foundin 20 % of cases and DNA fragment specific to HPV type 1, 3 and 6 based on real time PCR. Type 1 HPVwas not approved to present in any sample in the study. Type 3 HPV was identified in a single case. HPV 6was identified in 8 cases, Therefore, type 6 HPV is the most common genotype, followed by type 3.
Detection of Mycotoxigenic Fungi on Food from Markets with the Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Halal and Thoyiban Food
Authors: Mohammad Sukmanadi  , Retno Sri Wahjuni  , Kadek Rachmawati
Published: April 2021

Secondary metabolites of filamentous mold are mycotoxins, which in some situations can develop on foodsderived from plants or from animals. Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium are the most common types ofmold that produce mycotoxins and also often contaminate human food and animal feed. Aflatoxins includingaflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 are produced by A. flavus and A. parasiticus. M1 and M2 aflatoxins arefound in dairy products. In this study, we used PCR to detect and identify mycotoxigenic fungi material infoods from traditional markets and supermarkets in Surabaya, Indonesia. Samples of chicken meat from atraditional market and from a supermarket (10 pieces each) were placed in a conical tube and crushed in PBS.The crushed samples were centrifuged and the supernatants were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA)media and observed using a reverse microscope. DNA was isolated from cultured samples and subjectedto PCR with primers specific for genes encoding aflatoxins. Interestingly, we revealed that the PolymeraseChain Reaction (PCR) analysis showed A. flavus and A. ochraceus were present on chicken meat sold attraditional markets and supermarkets. In sum, enhanced precautions may be needed to ensure that foods soldin traditional markets and supermarkets are free from molds that have the potential to produce mycotoxins.Further studies are needed to detect and identify the prevalence of mycotoxins in the food supply.
Images of Ultrasonography or Abdominal Computed Tomography Scanning in Cases of Malignant Kidney Tumors
Authors: Muhammad Hidayat Surya Atmaja  , Bambang Soeprijanto
Published: April 2021

Background: The malignant kidney tumor is a urinary tract tumor with the highest mortality and morbiditycompared to other urinary tract tumors. The role of USG radiology and CT scan is essential for diagnosingmalignant kidney tumors.Objective: To examine the diagnostic value of USG radiology and CT scan in diagnosing malignancy ofkidney tumor and its accuracy in assessing renal tumor operability.Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study using secondary data of radiologicalexamination including ultrasonography, CT scan and other postoperative results derived from medicalrecords. Data analysis was conducted descriptively.Results: The sensitivity score of USG, CT scan, and USG and CT scan was 60%, 82%, and 83% respectively.Sensitivity value of ultrasound examination was 60% and CT Scan was 82%. The incompatibility ofultrasound with pathology results was found in the case of hydronephrosis with the stone of 64%, stone of18%, cyst of 18 %, on CT Scan hydronephrosis with stone (83%) Pyelonephritis (17%). The incompatibilityof USG and CT Scan with operating results was 8%.Conclusion: Incompatibility of USG results with anatomic pathology results was found in cases ofhydronephrosis accompanied by stones, kidney stones, and benign lesions (cysts). Incompatibility of CTScan results with anatomic pathology results was found in cases of hydronephrosis accompanied by stoneand pyelonephritis.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Muhammad Riza Kurniawan  , Risky Vitria Prasetyo  , Ninik Asmaningsih Soemyarso  , Mohammad Sjaifullah Noer
Published: April 2021

Background: Decreased of glomerular filtration rate in chronic kidney disease (CKD) changes the calciumand phosphate balance. High phosphate levels in children with CKD stimulate secretion of FibroblastGrowth Factor 23 (FGF23). High FGF23 levels have harmful that potentially increase the morbidity andmortality of children with CKD.Objective: To analyze the level of FGF23 in children with CKD.Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in Pediatric Nephrology Ward and Outpatient Clinic ofDr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, during December 2019-March 2020 for children with CKD stage1-5, aged 3 months to 18 years old. Children on phosphate-binder, vitamin D therapy, or severely ill wereexcluded. Blood level of FGF23 was measured using ELISA with statistic analysis with SPSS 20.Results: A total of 52 CKD stage 1-5 children were involved, mean age was 11.44 years old, and 50% wereboys. There were 51% children have FGF23 level more than 30 pg/ml. The lowest mean of FGF23 levelswas found in the CKD grade 1 (8.94 ± 8.77 pg/mL) and the highest mean at CKD grade 5 (113.30 ± 78.73pg/mL).Conclusion: The FGF23 level increasing accordance with increasing in the grade of CKD
Thyroid Pathological Consequences Induced by Caffeine in Female Rats
Authors: Noora S. ghalib  , Abbas A. Khudhair  , Kassim F. Abdulkareem
Published: April 2021

Objective: this study was designed to investigate the histopathological changes induced by caffeine onthyroid, liver and kidneys in female rats. Caffeine is a central nervous stimulant of methyl xanthine class ofdrugs, it has many hormonal and metabolic effects.Method: twenty-four adult female rats was split in to four equal categories of 6 rats in each group as thefollowing: Group1,control group received distilled water only by oral gavage. Group2, received 35mg\kg ofcaffeine solution. Group3, received 75mg\kg of caffeine and Group4, received 150mg\kg of caffeine. Theexperiment continued for 40 days. After 24 hours of the end of experiment, the animals were sacrificed andblood has been withdrawn from vena cava to prepare serum for hormonal analysis, whereas liver, kidneysand thyroid were excised and fixed in formalin solution for histopathological processing.Results: caffeine ingestion cause significant reduction in thyroid function (reduction in T3, T4 and TSH)in all treated groups compared to control group in addition histopathological study show enlargement ofthyroid follicle with thinning of lining epithelium of acini, vacuolation of both renal tubules, hepatocytesand vascular congestion of these organs.Conclusion: Caffeine consumption in high doses causes many histologic and hormonal effects in the studiedorgans.
The Role of Vitamin D3 as an Antioxidant and Hepatic Treatment against the Toxic Effect of Cadmium Chloride in The Rats
Authors: Baraa yaqoob Al-Rahoo  , Banan Rakan Dabdoub
Published: April 2021

Current study experiments were conducted on male Rattus rattus norvigicus, at age of two months, with theweight of (200-250gm) divided into 8 groups for each group of 8 rats. The lethal average dose of (LD50) forcadmium chloride and the choice of bodyweight (5mg/kg) to inject rats Intraperitonially were determined,then orally doses of vitamin D3 after a week of CdCl2 injection at a concentration of 1000IU/kg bodyweightat three doses per week as well as for the rest of the concentrations, 2000IU/kg bodyweight, and 4000IU/kgbodyweight. After four weeks of injection and administration, blood was drawn from the rats in each group,then the rats were slaughtered and the liver was taken for tests. The current study aimed to use differentconcentrations of vitamin D3 as a treatment, the antioxidant in the liver of rats injected with heavy metalCdCl2. Due to the study, some biochemical, physiological, and tissue changes in them through the study ofliver function for rats experimenting with transactions, in addition to studying the level of oxidative stressand antioxidants in the liver. The results of the current study have shown that the role of vitamin D3 as anantioxidant and as a treatment in reducing the toxic effect of CdCl2 to a very large. The best concentration ofvitamin D3 used in the case study was 2000 IU/kg bodyweight, which was taken for rats and three doses perweek for four weeks, and after being injected with CdCl2, there was a significant decrease at the probabilitylevel P?0.05 for the concentration of the ALT when compared to the control group. On the other hand, thereis a significant rise in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels in rat liver, at the same concentrationof vitamin D3, when compared with the control group, while there was a clear improvement in AST andmalondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, the results were very similar to those of the control group. Perhapsvitamin D3 dosage of cadmium-injected rats may protect improving the toxic effect of CdCl2 in the liver.
Study of Epstein - Barr virus Infection in Relation to the Immunohistochemical Expression of Bcl-2 gene in Tissues of Patients with Adenocarcinoma of the Colon
Authors: Sarmad M. Zeiny  , Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali  , Jabbar R. Zangoor  , Shakir H .Mohammed Al-Alwany
Published: April 2021

Background: EBV infection in tissue micro-environment is challenged by the precisely regulated survivaland apoptosis mechanisms. Abnormal bcl-2 proto-oncogene expression in colonic carcinomas allowsaccumulation and propagation of these genetically altered cells.Objective: To analyze the relevant concordance of BCL-2 gene , EBNA1 s and LMP-1-EBV expression inissues from a group of Iraqi patients with colonic adenocarcinomas.Patients and Methods: One hundred (100) tissue biopsies, belonged to (40) patients with colorectalcancers, (40) patients with benign colon tumors, and (20) apparently normal colorectal control tissues,were enrolled in this study. The detection of EBNA1 s and LMP-1-EBV as well as BCL-2 was done byimmunohistochemistry (IHC).Results: The positive-IHC results of EBNA1 detection in 40 tissues with malignant colonic tumors were57.5%, while in 40 colonic benign tumors tissues were 32.5 %. In those apparently healthy colonic controltissues, EBNA1 detection was 20%. The positive results of LMP-1 –EBV -IHC detection where 45 % fromcolonic carcinoma group, while the percentage of benign colonic tumors was 30%(12 out of 40). Lastly, inAHC was15% showed positive signals. Malignant colonic tumors showed 47.5% positive results of Bcl2-IHC detection while benign colonic tumor tissues showed 40% positive bcl-2-IHC reactions and in thecolonic control tissues was 20%.Conclusion: It concluded from the present high rates of EBV infection in colonic adenocarcinoma alongwith the concordance bcl-2 expression that they could played an important role in the development andprogression of both malignant and benign colonic tumors in our group of Iraqi patients.
Drug Interaction of Hypericum Perforatum with Routine Chemical Drugs
Authors: Reza Assadzadeh  , Shabnam Shamaei  , Aliasghar Manouchehri
Published: April 2021

In traditional medicine, Hypericum perforatum L. is used as an antidepressant, diuretic, analgesic, antisepticand wound healing, anticonvulsant, rheumatism and chronic gastrointestinal spasms, abortion, sciatica, andfor the treatment of infectious diseases such as syphilis, tuberculosis, dysentery, pertussis, worm excretion,and malaria. H. perforatum interferes with cardiac drugs, anesthetics, narcotics and analgesics, antibiotics,hormonal compounds, antiviral compounds, anticonvulsants and antidepressants, organ transplantationcompounds, and iron compounds. Despite the medicinal effects of the valuable plant H. perforatum, thesingle use of this plant is very effective and valuable in the treatment of diseases and disorders, but its usewith other chemical drugs due to the occurrence of drug interactions requires caution in consumption.
A Comparative Study of Patients’ Attitude Before and after Receiving Healthcare Services at Bam Pasteur Hospital
Authors: Zahra Shaabani  , Parsa Mohammad Alizadeh  , Farzaneh Sheikhali  , Mohammad Reza Rajabalipour  , Mohammad Javad Akbarian Bafghi
Published: April 2021

Background: The human attitude to events, including health and disease, and his interpretations determinesthe quality of his life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of patients before and afterreceiving the services of Pasteur Hospital in Bam.Methods: This is a descriptive study. The research population included 110 patients referring to men’ssurgery and women’s surgery who were studied by simple sampling method. The attitude of patientsbefore and after receiving healthcare was measured by a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis wasperformed using spss24 software Through descriptive and analytical tests such as one-way ANOVA, twopopulation mean comparison and pair comparison statistical tests.Results: The results of statistical tests showed that the average total attitude score of clients after receivingservices (2.58) was more than the mean of attitude of clients before receiving services (2.41) (p=0.017).Paired t-test showed significant relationship between the attitude score of the patients towards medical staffvisitors (p=0.017) and Patient discharge unit (p = 0.001) before and after receiving the service, but nosignificant relationship was found between the other units.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the attitude of the clients after receiving the services has been positive.Therefore, to improve the delivery of services and to increase the satisfaction of clients in some sectors,managers can be more precise planning to improve quality.
Formal Reconciliation to Adjudge Psychological and Physical Abuses Committed During Civil War in Acehnese Society
Authors: Zulfan
Published: April 2021

The civil war caused many psychological and physical trauma for common people. As a way to end this suchwar, related parties usually take formal and social measures in peace agreement. In this case, the formationof the truth and reconciliation commission (TRC) in Aceh is one of a task to accomplish after the signingof memorandum of understanding in Helsinki (MoU Helsinki), and the implementation of law number11, 2006 on the Acehnese government. On one side, the situation has urged TRC to be formed in Aceh,however local regulation has not specifically organized the forming of the commission. Reconciliation inAceh comes with its own character by stressing more on the application of religious, custom, and localwisdom approaches without forgetting the effort of truth revealing on some cases of heavy human rightsviolation which occurred during conflict. The Acehnese society is a society who lives with their Islamicvalues and specific custom.
Calorie Restriction and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise Decrease Free Fatty Acid Levels and Visceral Fat Weight on High Calorie Diet Female Mice
Authors: Ahmad Rukhani Lutfi  , Lilik Herawati  , Widjiati  , Gadis Meinar Sari
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of a combination of calorie restriction and moderateintensity continuous exercise on FFA levels and visceral fat weight in female mice exposed to a high-caloriediet.Material and Method: This research was randomized posttest used only control group design with femalemice as the sampl Balb/c mice (Mus musculus), 8 weeks old, 20-30 grams. It was randomly divided into fourgroups, namely C (control group), G1 (moderate-intensity continuous exercise group), G2 (calorie restrictiongroup), and G3 (combination group calorie restriction and moderate-intensity continuous exercise) wherein every group consisted six female mice. Providing a high-calorie diet using ad libitum plus D40 as muchas 3-5% of calories (0.0325 mL/gBB) for 4 weeks. The provision of a high-calorie diet was done usingthe sonde technique. Calorie restriction was done 3x/week in 4 weeks by limiting calorie intake to 50% ofstandard foods. The moderate-intensity continuous exercise was carried out by swimming for 15 minutesplus 6% gBB loading, it was done 3 times/week for 4 weeks. The measurement of cholesterol, visceral fatweight, and FFA level was done at the end of treatments.Results: The results found that the mean of cholesterol of C C (171.00±47.74 mg/dL), G1 (126.00±15.92 mg/dL), G2 (131.50±22.37 mg/dL), G3 (121.17±21.23 mg/dL) dan (p=0.032). The mean weight of visceral fatat C (0.68±0.23 grams), G1 (0.25±0.08 grams), G2 (0.28±0.06 grams), G3 (0.20±0.03 grams) and (p=0.000).The mean FFA levels were at C (1511.34±6.19 µmol/L), G1 (1419.31±53.61 µmol/L), G2 (1458.20±28.89µmol/L), G3 (1451.55±43.77 µmol/L) and (p=0.004).Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it could be concluded that the provision of calorie restrictionand moderate-intensity continuous exercise significantly reduced cholesterol levels, visceral fat weight, FFAlevels and in female mice exposed to a high-calorie diet
Conflicts Factor and Stress Related to Health Problems of Official Employees
Authors: Phannee Rojanabenjakun  , Pongsak Jaroenngarmsamer  , Paweena Sopabun  , Jatuporn Ounprasertsuk  , Tipvarin Benjanirat
Published: April 2021

Objective: The objectives of this research were to 1) measure frequency of conflicts in the work detail,behavior, work relationship, and work stress, 2) study the relationship between conflicts in the organizationfactors of work detail, behavior, work relationship, and work stress, 3) analyze the work stress related tohealth problems, and 4) analyze the ability to explain the variation of conflicts in the organization on workdetail, behavior, work relationship, work stress toward health problems.Methods: The sample was 132 official employees collected by simple random sampling. The researchreferred to a quantitative technique that analyzed data using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics,Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, chi-square, and multiple regression analysis.Results: The research proved that the majority often conflicted in work detail, behavior, work relationship,which their work relationship was an aspect that the respondents conflicted the most. The results revealedthat conflicts in work detail, behavior, and work relationship were related to work stress, which alsoaffected health problems. The variable of work stress can predict health problems accounted for 53%. Workrelationships can explain the variation of health problems estimated at 52% at the significance level of 0.05.Conclusion: This research can effectively implement conflict management and develop a good relationshipin the organization.
COVID-19: What the World Should Learn from India?
Authors: Ipsita Mahapatra  , Ramesh Nagarajappa  , Debasruti Naik  , Punyarupa Pati  , Upasana Dhar
Published: April 2021

The pandemic, COVID-19 is not the first but savagely has become a global attraction. First detected inChina, it has spread to India including other countries. Various intervention strategies like restriction ontravel, lockdown, screening and extensive research has contained the widespread infection in India. Whileintensifying preparedness for the unprecedented threat posed by COVID-19, the Government of India(GoI) has constituted an inter-ministerial committee represented by the ministers of the Ministry of Healthand Family Welfare (MoHFW), External Affairs, Home, Civil Aviation as well as the National DisasterManagement Authority. India has constantly been the centre of discussion because of the way it has handledthe pandemic so far. This article reflects the preparedness and potential plan by India to scale-up COVID-19management.
Intraosseous Injection: A Review
Authors: Priyanka Sukla
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to detailedly study the intraosseous (IO) injection in dentistry. Successfultreatment of patients relies on the effective manner of delivering local anaesthesia. The conventional aspiratingsyringe is the widely used method of administration of local anaesthesia. Problems with administrationinclude delays between injection and effect, the long duration and post-operation numbness of patients. Butnewer methods have been developed that can aid in alleviating pain among which intraosseous injection isone. This article also focuses on uses, techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and site of administration ofinjection and duration.
Skeletal Bimaxillary Protrusion: Combined Surgical and Orthodontic Approach – A Case Report
Authors: Subrat Kumar Padhiary  , Kanhu Charan Sahu  , Gunjan Srivastava  , Harsh Mohan Pathak
Published: April 2021

Bimaxillary protrusion is one of the commonly seen skeletal deformity in Indian population. This skeletalcondition is typically characterized by proclined and protruding anterior teeth with everted lips. If thiscondition is associated with macroglossia or any parafunctional habits like tongue thrusting or thumbsucking, an anterior open bite is often found. Minor discrepancies can be managed by orthodontic treatmentalone by extracting all first premolars and retracting the anterior segment. But in severe skeletal cases,orthognathic surgery along with pre-and post-surgical orthodontics is the best option to get the ideal result.This article describes the case of a female patient with bimaxillary protrusion. The patient had a convexprofile, anterior open bite, and incompetent lips. Chin had a relative deficiency with hyperactive mentalismuscle. On patients’ consent and willingness for a shorter course of the treatment period, surgery firstapproach was planned. Within seven months of the total treatment period, a remarkable change in facialprofile and a pleasing anterior occlusion was achieved.
Appraisal of Dimensional Accuracy in Five Brands of Extended Pour Irreversible Hydrocolloid Materials for FDP Impression
Authors: Upasana Panda  , Mirna Garhnayak  , Gunjan Srivastava  , Gopal Choudhury  , Pradyumna Ku. Sahoo  , Sangram Panda
Published: April 2021

Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the dimensional accuracies of five brands ofextended pour irreversible hydrocolloid materials for fixed dental prosthesis impression.Materials and methods. Impressions of a master stainless steel model were made with five extended pourirreversible hydrocolloids and one addition silicone impression material. A total of ninety impressions(n=90) were made, with fifteen for each group of impression material. The stone dies retrieved fromthese impressions were analysed with Baty-Vision Systems - Venture 3D CNC machine, for dimensionalaccuracies. Comparison of continuous data between two groups was done with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test(Mann Whitney U test) and for more than two groups with the Kruskal Wallis test (? = .05)Results. All six impression materials showed some amount of error. On comparison of the median totalabsolute deviation of the various dimension of stone dies, the accuracies of impression materials in decreasingorder appeared to be Neocolloid >> Affinis >> Coltoprint >> Zelgan >> 3M ESPE >> Plastalgin. On thecontrary, a comparison of the impression materials, in terms of several dimensions of stone dies differingsignificantly from the stainless-steel model, the sequence in terms of accuracy was, Coltoprint > Affinis >3MESPE > Neocolloid > Plastalgin > Zelgan.Conclusions. Based on the dimensional accuracies of the stone dies retrieved from the impressions,Neocolloid was found to be the best impression material with the least possible deviation, followed byColtoprint and Affinis.
Demographic Pattern of Covid 19 cases in and around Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Ravimuni.K  , Srinivasu Rao Palagani  , Usha Rani.K
Published: April 2021

COVID-19 Pandemic has brought a threatening challenge to the world and as well as for Indian societyand economy. In India, it has become a public health disaster and its’ intensity increasing continuously.For the disaster risk reduction, and capacity building against the COVID-19 pandemic understanding ofthe relationship between socio-environmental conditions with the pandemic is very necessary. India is the2nd largest country in terms of population and 6th leading economy in the world. This study represents thehospitalized patients with COVID?19. In this cohort, significantly more patients admitted to hospital werefound to be in lower socioeconomic groups. patients with comorbidities should take all necessary precautionsto avoid getting infected with SARS CoV-2, as they usually have the worst prognosis. These precautionsinclude regular handwashing with soap and water or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, limiting person-toperson contact and practicing social distancing, wearing a face mask in public places, and overall limitinggoing to public areas at this time unless it is necessary
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude Towards Care of Dying Patients among Nursing Interns
Authors: Saidama Sherif Mujavar  , Nayana K  , Revathi S Nair  , Riya Babu  , Gireesh G R
Published: April 2021

Background of the Study: Death is inevitable for all living beings. Nurses play a vital role in care of dyingpatients and their family. Regardless whether the death occurs, in the community or hospital nurses spendslargest proportion of time during the care of dying patients. The nurses concern and support are valued bypatients as well as the relativesAim: To examine the nursing intern’s knowledge and attitude towards care of dying patient.Method and Materials: A quantitative research approach with non-experimental descriptive study wasadopted in this study. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select the subject for the study.Data collected from 100 subjects were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version22.Result: Among the selected subjects 83% had average knowledge, 69% had neutral attitude towards careof dying patients.Conclusion: In the present study by assessing the level of knowledge and attitude of Nursing interns towardscare of dying patients, it was found that 83% of Nursing interns had average knowledge and 69% of Nursinginterns had neutral attitude towards care of dying patients. This chapter enlightens the need of the researchstudy. The research reveals that there is no association between level of knowledge, level of attitude withselected demographic variables and there is no significant relationship between level of knowledge andattitude of Nursing interns towards care of dying patients.