bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of a US-Sino family medicine leadership program
Authors: Liu Jennifer , Koran- Scholl Jessica , Geske Jenenne , Harrison Jeff , Sitorius Mike , Jarzynka Kim
Published: November 2022

Background and objectives

The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes of a two- week US-Sino Family Medicine Leadership Symposium for medical educators from China and how participants have integrated their learning into their teaching and practice of medicine.

Methods

Teaching topics emphasized principles of family medicine, teaching methods, assessment, and curriculum development. Each cohort received a wide range of practical, didactic and hands-on learning experiences. Online surveys were distributed anonymously to participants from the 2013–2019 cohorts to assess learner opinion and learner behavior change as a result of the leadership symposium. Quantitative measures assessed their level of integration of the topics into teaching and clinical practice and their satisfaction in the areas of teaching and leadership. They were also asked to provide qualitative feedback regarding incorporation of the content into their work.

Results

The survey response rate was 47.6% (39/82). Respondents stated that they incorporated topics such as basic interviewing skills and information on the patient-centered medical home into their teaching in China. The most applied clinical skills they were able to incorporate into their clinical environment in China included: Breaking Bad News, Simulations Sessions with practice, One-Minute Preceptor, and Interprofessional Education.

Conclusions

Results indicate that participants have demonstrated behavior changes that have led to the incorporation of the content into teaching and clinical practice. We demonstrated effectiveness of the curriculum in cultivating the teaching and practice of family medicine. The program appears to be a positive experience that has led to embracement of the roles as trainer and leader. 100% of the participants who completed the survey felt that the program improved patient confidence in their ability as a family doctor. Future assessment on barriers to their progress as teachers and leaders in family medicine would be helpful to explore.
Needs to address clinicians’ moral distress in treating unvaccinated COVID-19 patients
Authors: Klitzman Robert
Published: November 2022

Background

Moral dilemmas have arisen concerning whether physicians and other providers should treat patients who have declined COVID vaccination and are now sick with this disease. Several ethicists have argued that clinicians have obligations to treat such patients, yet providing care to these patients has distressed clinicians, who have at times declined to do so. Critical questions thus emerge regarding how best to proceed.

Main body

Providers face moral tensions: whether to place the benefits to an unvaccinated patient over their duties to protect themselves and their families, staff and other patients, and goals of working collaboratively with patients. Clinicians’ duties to treat such patients arguably outweigh claims otherwise, but these obligations are creating moral conflict and distress for providers. Moral distress has been associated with burnout, post-traumatic stress disorder, and interpersonal and work difficulties. Given ongoing vaccine refusals, these problems are unlikely to disappear in the foreseeable future. Society has obligations to address this moral distress due to principles of reciprocity, and implicit social contracts, as part of which physicians risk their lives in caring for patients for the good of society as a whole. Responses are thus urgently needed at several levels: by hospitals, medical schools, professional societies, governments, media, providers and patients. Medical training on professionalism should address these stresses, probing why doctors have duties to treat these patients, but also how moral conflicts can ensue, and how best to address these tensions. Governments and institutions should thus alter relevant policies and devote more resources to addressing clinicians’ psychological strains. Institutions should also improve organizational culture. Public health organizations and the media described clinicians, earlier in the pandemic, as heroes, committed to treating COVID patients. This narrative should now be changed to highlight the strains that unvaccinated patients cause—endangering hospital staff and others.

Conclusions

Unvaccinated COVID patients should receive care, but multi-level strategies, involving enhanced policies, education and practice are vital to alleviate ensuing moral distress, and thus aid these clinicians and their patients. Ethical arguments that providers must treat these patients have not considered these obligations’ effects on clinicians, but should do so.
The use of various appointment systems among patients visiting academic outpatient centers in Kerman and the evaluation of patients’ perspective and satisfaction
Authors: Bagheri Fatemeh , Behnam Farzaneh , Galavi Zahra , Ahmadian Leila
Published: November 2022

Background

To optimize appointment systems, it is necessary to assess their users’ perspectives. This study aims to determine the use of various appointment systems among patients in academic outpatient centers and to investigate their perspectives and satisfaction.

Methods

This survey study was conducted on 332 patients or those accompanying patients in academic outpatient centers. A five-part questionnaire consisting of (1) demographic information, (2) willingness to use systems, (3) problems when using these systems, (4) problems after reserving the appointment, (5) recommendations and critics was used. The relationship between the system of interest and the available tools was examined by the Chi-square test, and the relationship between demographic characteristics and satisfaction was assessed using multiple regression.

Results

The participants’ overall satisfaction towards appointment systems, regardless of the type of system, was 49.12 ± 16.04 (out of 100). Satisfaction with the appointment system using Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) was significantly higher than the other two systems (p = 0.03). Web-based application and Interactive Voice Response (IVR) were the most frequently used systems with 61% and 48%, respectively. More than half of those who had access to a telephone (56%) preferred the IVR appointment system, and most of those who had Internet access (71%) preferred the web-based application (p < 0.05). Among 137 participants who had access to both the Internet and telephone, 49% (n = 67) stated that they would rather arrange their appointment through the web-based application.

Conclusion

The web-based application and IVR are the most frequently used and favorable appointment system among the patients or those accompanying patients. Despite the availability of the infrastructure, the participant had moderate satisfaction with these systems due to their failures. Therefore, to have more efficient systems and increase patients or those accompanying patients satisfaction with these systems, healthcare authorities should have a plan to solve the problems of these systemes and use the capacity of information resources to inform the community regarding these systems.
Universal testing for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the emergency department: a cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis of two urban hospitals in the United Kingdom
Authors: Williams Jack , Vickerman Peter , Smout Elizabeth , Page Emma E. , Phyu Khine , Aldersley Mark , Nebbia Gaia , Douthwaite Sam , Hunter Laura , Ruf Murad , Miners Alec
Published: November 2022

Background

Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness of testing for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) in emergency departments (ED), due to the elevated prevalence amongst attendees. The aim of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of universal opt-out HBV and HCV testing in EDs based on 2 long-term studies of the real-world effectiveness of testing in 2 large ED’s in the UK.

Methods

A Markov model was used to evaluate ED-based HBV and HCV testing versus no ED testing, in addition to current testing practice. The two EDs had a HBV HBsAg prevalence of 0.5–0.9% and an HCV RNA prevalence of 0.9–1.0%. The analysis was performed from a UK health service perspective, over a lifetime time horizon. Costs are reported in British pounds (GBP), and outcomes as quality adjusted life years (QALYs), with both discounted at 3.5% per year. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) are calculated as costs per QALY gained. A willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000/QALY was used. The cost-effectiveness was estimated for both infections, in both ED’s.

Results

HBV and HCV testing were highly cost-effective in both settings, with ICERs ranging from £7,177 to £12,387 per QALY gained. In probabilistic analyses, HBV testing was 89–94% likely to be cost-effective at the threshold, while HCV testing was 94–100% likely to be cost-effective, across both settings. In deterministic sensitivity analyses, testing remained cost-effective in both locations at ≥ 0.25% HBsAg prevalence, and ≥ 0.49% HCV RNA prevalence. This is much lower than the prevalence observed in the two EDs included in this study.

Conclusions

HBV and HCV testing in urban EDs is highly cost-effective in the UK, and can be cost-effective at relatively low prevalence. These results should be reflected in UK and European hepatitis testing guidelines.
The ERα-NRF2 signalling axis promotes bicalutamide resistance in prostate cancer
Authors: Tian Lei , Peng Yanfei , Yang Kuo , Cao Jiasong , Du Xiaoling , Liang Zhixian , Shi Jiandang , Zhang Ju
Published: November 2022

Background

Bicalutamide is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen widely used as a first-line clinical treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Although patients initially show effective responses to bicalutamide treatment, resistance to bicalutamide frequently occurs and leads to the development of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). This research investigated the roles of the oestrogen receptor α (ERα)-nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signalling pathway in bicalutamide resistance in PCa cells.

Methods

We performed bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemical staining on normal and cancerous prostate tissue to evaluate ERα and NRF2 expression and their correlation. Gene expression and localization in PCa cell lines were further investigated using real-time reverse transcription PCR/Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. We treated PCa cells with the ER inhibitor tamoxifen and performed luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays to understand ERα-dependent NRF2 expression. Overexpression and knockdown of ERα and NRF2 were used to explore the potential role of the ERα-NRF2 signalling axis in bicalutamide resistance in PCa cells.

Results

We found that the expression of ERα and NRF2 was positively correlated and was higher in human CRPC tissues than in primary PCa tissues. Treatment with oestrogen or bicalutamide increased the expression of ERα and NRF2 as well as NRF2 target genes in PCa cell lines. These effects were blocked by pretreatment with tamoxifen. ChIP assays demonstrated that ERα directly binds to the oestrogen response element (ERE) in the NRF2 promoter. This binding led to increased transcriptional activity of NRF2 in a luciferase reporter assay. Activation of the ERα-NRF2 signalling axis increased the expression of bicalutamide resistance-related genes. Inhibition of this signalling axis by knockdown of ERα or NRF2 downregulated the expression of bicalutamide resistance-related genes and inhibited the proliferation and migration of PCa cells.

Conclusions

We demonstrated the transcriptional interaction between ERα and NRF2 in CRPC tissues and cell lines by showing the direct binding of ERα to the ERE in the NRF2 promoter under oestrogen treatment. Activation of the ERα-NRF2 signalling axis contributes to bicalutamide resistance in PCa cells, suggesting that the ERα-NRF2 signalling axis is a potential therapeutic target for CRPC.
Use of social network as a coping strategy for depression among young people during the COVID-19 lockdown: findings from the COMET collaborative study
Authors: Orsolini Laura , Volpe Umberto , Albert Umberto , Carmassi Claudia , Carrà Giuseppe , Cirulli Francesca , Dell’Osso Bernardo , Del Vecchio Valeria , Di Nicola Marco , Giallonardo Vincenzo , Luciano Mario , Menculini Giulia , Nanni Maria Giulia , Pompili Maurizio , Sani Gabriele , Sampogna Gaia , Tortorella Alfonso , Fiorillo Andrea
Published: November 2022

Background

Use of social media (SM) has exponentially grown particularly among youths in the past two years, due to COVID-19-related changing lifestyles. Based on the Italian COvid Mental hEalth Trial (COMET), we investigated the association between SM use and depressive symptoms among Italian young adults (aged 18–24).

Methods

The COMET is a nationwide multi-center cross-sectional study that investigated socio-demographic data, social networking addiction (BSNAS), depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), as well as impulsiveness (BIS-15) and aggressiveness (AQ) in a large sample of youngsters, in order to assess the association between BSNAS and DASS-21 indices. Mediation analyses were performed to evaluate the role of impulsiveness and aggressive personality traits in the association between SM use (SMU) and depression.

Results

75.8% of the sample (n = 491) had a problematic SMU. SMU was reduced by high AQ and high DASS-21 scores (F = 42.338, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.207). Mediation analyses showed that SMU negatively predicted depressive symptomatology with the interaction mediated by AQ total (ß = − 0.1075), physical (ß = − 0.207) and anger (ß = − 0.0582), BIS-15 total (ß = − 0.0272) and attentional (ß = − 0.0302). High depressive levels were predicted by high AQ scores, low SMU levels, low verbal and physical AQ, and low attentional BIS-15 (F = 30.322, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.273). Depressive symptomatology negatively predicted SMU with their interaction mediated by AQ total (ß = − 0.1640), verbal (ß = 0.0436) and anger (ß = − 0.0807), BIS-15 total (ß = − 0.0448) and attentional (ß = − 0.0409).

Conclusions

SMU during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic could have a beneficial role in buffering negative consequences linked to social isolation due to quarantine measures, despite this association being mediated by specific personality traits.
Alcohol use during COVID-19 pandemic on the long run: findings from a longitudinal study in Germany
Authors: Schecke Henrike , Bohn Annette , Scherbaum Norbert , Mette Christian
Published: November 2022

Background

The impact of COVID-induced stress on mental health and alcohol use has been demonstrated in recent research. However, there is a lack of longitudinal data since most studies reported on cross-sectional data. It remains unclear how alcohol use develops under the dynamic changes of the pandemic. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the general development of alcohol use and the impact of COVID related stress on drinking behavior in a German population-based sample during the pandemic in 2020.

Methods

In the longitudinal design with three measurements (baseline [T1] and two follow-ups [T2, T3]) an online survey was administered. The survey included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) as well as the assessment of the drinking days in the last 30 days, the number of alcoholic beverages on each occasion and changes in alcohol use in the previous fourteen days. Further, COVID-19 related concerns, perceived stress, worries about friends and family and worries about the financial situation were also assessed and multiple linear regressions and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

Results

1050 participants started the survey, 756 participants (71.4%), 317 (52.7%) participants completed the survey at all three measurements. Seventy six percent (n = 241) of the sample were female. An increase in alcohol use in the previous 14 days was reported by 10.9% at T1, 3.9% at T2 and 3.6% at T3. Moreover, a decrease in alcohol use in the previous 14 days was reported by 8.7% at T1, 6.5% at T2 and 4.1% at T3. The number of drinking days was significantly higher at T2 than at baseline (p < .001; F = − 2.06, [CI − 3.10, − 1.02]). COVID-19 related concerns and stress were associated with a higher number of drinking days and average number of drinks at a typical occasion. AUDIT score at baseline positively predicted number of drinking days as well as average number of drinks.

Conclusions

The significant increases in alcohol use is a public health issue during COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that especially people who drink more hazardously previously tend to drink more under pandemic conditions. Those individuals are particularly at risk for developing substance-related problems.
A systematic review of the prediction of consumer preference using EEG measures and machine-learning in neuromarketing research
Authors: Byrne Adam , Bonfiglio Emma , Rigby Colin , Edelstyn Nicky
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The present paper discusses the findings of a systematic review of EEG measures in neuromarketing, identifying which EEG measures are the most robust predictor of customer preference in neuromarketing. The review investigated which TF effect (e.g., theta-band power), and ERP component (e.g., N400) was most consistently reflective of self-reported preference. Machine-learning prediction also investigated, along with the use of EEG when combined with physiological measures such as eye-tracking.

Methods

Search terms ‘neuromarketing’ and ‘consumer neuroscience’ identified papers that used EEG measures. Publications were excluded if they were primarily written in a language other than English or were not published as journal articles (e.g., book chapters). 174 papers were included in the present review.

Results

Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) was the most reliable TF signal of preference and was able to differentiate positive from negative consumer responses. Similarly, the late positive potential (LPP) was the most reliable ERP component, reflecting conscious emotional evaluation of products and advertising. However, there was limited consistency across papers, with each measure showing mixed results when related to preference and purchase behaviour.

Conclusions and implications

FAA and the LPP were the most consistent markers of emotional responses to marketing stimuli, consumer preference and purchase intention. Predictive accuracy of FAA and the LPP was greatly improved through the use of machine-learning prediction, especially when combined with eye-tracking or facial expression analyses.
Formulation mitigations for particle formation induced by enzymatic hydrolysis of polysorbate 20 in protein-based drug products: insights from a full-factorial longitudinal study
Authors: Yuk Inn H. , Koulis Theo , Doshi Nidhi , Gregoritza Kathrin , Hediger Constanze , Lebouc-Haefliger Vanessa , Giddings Jamie , Khan Tarik A.
Published: November 2022

Hydrolytic degradation of the polysorbate 20 (PS20) surfactant in protein-based liquid formulations releases free fatty acids (FFAs), which can accumulate to form particles in drug products during real-time (long-term) storage. To identify formulation conditions that mitigate the risk of particle formation, we conducted a longitudinal study using purified recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulated in 24 conditions. In this real-time stability study at 5 °C, three key formulation parameters—mAb concentration, initial PS20 concentration, and pH—were varied across representative ranges in a full-factorial design. A longitudinal regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of these parameters and their interactions on PS20 degradation (via measurements of PS20, FFAs, and PS20 ester distribution) and on particle formation (via visible particle observations and subvisible particle counts). The time-dependent onset of visible particles trended with the rise in subvisible particle counts and FFA levels and fall in PS20 concentration. In the ranges studied here, lower mAb concentration and higher initial PS20 concentration delayed the onset of particles, whereas pH had a negligible effect. These observations were consistent with the general trends predicted by our previously published FFA solubility model. Taken together, these findings highlight the complex relationships between formulation parameters, PS20 degradation, and particle formation.
Correlation of parasite density and biochemical parameters in children with malaria infection in Calabar, South-South Nigeria
Authors: Okon Akpan Uwem , Eze Bassey Iya , Emmanuel Uwaetteh Akanimoh , Marcus Inyang Wisdom , Adanna Usoro Chinyere
Published: November 2022

Background

Malaria parasitemia is associated with premature, excessive hemolysis, induction of oxidative stress, and derangement in metabolism of iron, proteins, and some electrolytes. This study aims to evaluate the effects of malaria infection on ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), iron, transferrin, albumin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), calcium, and magnesium levels in malaria infection.

Results

Among the 50 malaria-infected children, 12 had severe parasitemia (PD ≥ 10,000 parasites/μl), 16 had moderate parasitemia (PD: 2000 to < 10,000 parasites/μl), and 22 children had mild parasitemia (PD < 2000 parasites/μl). The AA, iron, transferrin, and TIBC levels were significantly lower and UA and Mg higher in malaria-infected children compared with the controls. Ascorbic acid correlated negatively with UA and PD in malaria-infected children. Iron correlated positively with albumin, transferrin, and TIBC in malaria-infected children, while Ca correlated negatively with Mg levels.

Conclusion

Malaria infection in children is associated with reduced AA and iron parameters and increased UA and Mg levels; hence, vitamin C and iron supplementation could be useful in malaria therapy.
A century of Azolla filiculoides biocontrol: the economic value of Stenopelmus rufinasus to Great Britain
Authors: Pratt Corin F. , Constantine Kate , Wood Suzy V.
Published: November 2022

Background

The invasive aquatic fern Azolla filiculoides has been present in Great Britain (GB) since the end of the nineteenth century, while its specialist natural enemy, the weevil Stenopelmus rufinasus was first recorded nearly four decades later, in 1921. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic value of management cost savings resulting from the presence of S. rufinasus as a biocontrol agent of A. filiculoides in GB, including the value of additional augmentative releases of the weevil made since the mid-2000s, compared with the expected costs of control in the absence of S. rufinasus.

Methods

Estimated economic costs (based on the length/area of affected waterbodies, their infestation rates, and the proportion targeted for management) were calculated for three scenarios in which A. filiculoides occurs in GB: (1) without weevils; (2) with naturalised weevil populations; and (3) with naturalised weevil populations plus augmentative weevil releases.

Results

In the absence of biocontrol, the expected average annual costs of A. filiculoides management were estimated to range from £8.4 to 16.9 million (US$9.4 to 18.9 million) (£1 = US$1.12). The impacts of naturalised S. rufinasus populations on A. filiculoides were expected to reduce management costs to £0.8 to 1.6 million (US$0.9 to 1.8 million) per year. With additional augmentative releases of the weevil, A. filiculoides management costs were estimated to be lower still, ranging from £31.5 to 45.8 thousand (US$35.3 to 51.3 thousand) per year, giving an estimated benefit to cost ratio of augmentative S. rufinasus releases of 43.7:1 to 88.4:1.

Conclusions

The unintentional introduction of the weevil S. rufinasus to GB is estimated to have resulted in millions of pounds of savings annually in management costs for A. filiculoides. Additional augmentative releases of the weevil provide further net cost savings, tackling A. filiculoides outbreaks and bolstering naturalised populations. The use of herbicides in the aquatic environment is likely greatly reduced due to A. filiculoides biocontrol. Although somewhat climate-limited at present in GB, climate change may result in even more effective biocontrol of A. filiculoides by S. rufinasus as has been observed in warmer regions such as South Africa, where the plant is no longer considered a threat since the introduction of the weevil.
Four-compartment diffusion model of cortisol disposition: Comparison to three alternative models in current clinical use
Authors: Dorin Richard I , Urban Frank K , Perogamvros Ilias , Qualls Clifford R
Published: November 2022

Context

Estimated rates of cortisol elimination and appearance vary according to the model used to obtain them. Generalizability of current models of cortisol disposition in healthy humans is limited.

Objective

Development and validation of a realistic, mechanistic model of cortisol disposition that accounts for the major factors influencing plasma cortisol concentrations in vivo (Model 4), and comparison to previously described models of cortisol disposition in current clinical use (Models 1-3).

Methods

The four models were independently applied to cortisol concentration data obtained for the hydrocortisone bolus experiment (20 mg) in two clinical groups: healthy volunteers (HV, n = 6) and CBG-deficient (n = 2). Model 4 used Fick’s first law of diffusion to model free cortisol flux between vascular and extravascular compartments. Pharmacokinetic parameter solutions for Models 1-4 were optimized by numerical methods, and model-specific parameter solutions were compared by RM-ANOVA. Models and respective parameter solutions were compared by mathematical and simulation analyses, and an assessment tool was used to compare performance characteristics.

Results

Cortisol half-lives differed significantly between models (all P < 0.001) with significant model-group interaction (P = 0.02). In comparative analysis, Model 4 solutions yielded significantly reduced free cortisol half-life, improved fit to experimental data (both P < 0.01), and superior model performance.

Conclusions

The proposed 4-compartment diffusion model (Model 4) is consistent with relevant experimental observations and met the greatest number of empiric validation criteria. Cortisol half-life solutions obtained using Model 4 were generalizable between HV and CBG-deficient groups and bolus and continuous modes of hydrocortisone infusion.
A Queer Visitation
Authors: Boyd Brenton
Published: November 2022

This article meditates on black unbelonging as the haunting impasse reached when attempting to wrest a phenomenological account of black life amid perpetual black death. It seeks to expose the calculated dislocation of black modes of being, embodiment, and sensation from hegemonic categories of experience that serve to capture, to surveil, and to leave Blacks in a state of “constitutive discomfort.” Rather than merely signifying non-ontology, alienation, or racialization, black unbelonging further allegorizes self-possession and originary constitution as haunting the interpellative processes that maintain the Western subject of phenomenology in modernity. After reframing Merleau-Pontian flesh not within a redemptive phenomenology but through a Spillersian invocation of the flesh-of-this-world as the proper object of antiblack terror, the article demonstrates how the protagonists of Randall Kenan's A Visitation of Spirits (1989) and Barry Jenkins's Moonlight (2016) stage black unbelonging through various Gothic conventions. Ultimately the article champions alternatives to phenomenology simpliciter that are ephemerally indexable by what it calls “black necromancy.”
Marlon James and the Metafiction of the New Black Gothic
Authors: Harrison Sheri-Marie
Published: November 2022

A reprint from a 2018 issue of the Journal of West Indian Literature devoted to Marlon James, this essay engages two of the West Indian writer's novels, John Crow's Devil and The Book of Night Women, under the rubric of the Gothic. By shifting focus from the violence of James's novels to the generic elements this violence engages, the essay argues that James's engagement with the Gothic better accounts for these two novels’ attention to issues of excessive violence, doubling, and feminine abjection and the way they perform a metafictional critique of the notion that nationalism can produce equitable sovereign subjectivity. While the Gothic offers James's interest in coercion, abjection, and the absence of choice a precise frame for rendering a world structured by neoliberalism, James also reworks the Gothic by offering a queerly affirmative version of its at times misogynistic interest in gender distinctions. Indeed, by ending all his novels with women as the figurative last person standing, James subverts the notion of the feminine abject as the Gothic trope associated with primordial chaos, presenting it instead as a possible way forward at a moment when the historical present is not seemingly graspable by existing paradigms.
The Ontology of Open Mouths
Authors: Anderson Lea
Published: November 2022

The mouth agape is among humankind's most prevalent motifs, its imagery appearing across cultures, continents, and centuries, the significations of which hold all the grand preoccupations of the human experience: terror, hunger, and awe. Accepting Mikhail Bakhtin's estimation that the mouth is “the most important of all human features for the grotesque,” this article examines the disparities between different renderings of these ontological black holes and their disparate implications in horror and g/Gothic texts. While the Scream visualizes terror's sonic expression, this article introduces it alongside what I call the Swallowing: the occasion where the object of fear (the monster) takes the form of a devouring other. A challenge to essentialist interpretations of Julia Kristeva's concept of abjection, analysis of the Swallowing lends support to Jack Halberstam's estimation of monsters and g/Gothic horror as narrative and cultural technologies. This article will therefore employ Jeffrey Jerome Cohen's method of “reading cultures by the monsters they engender.” If we explore the Swallowing as it appears in both Black horror and Black-led horror films, what might be revealed about the ways b/Blackness has been rendered monstrous within the ideological lexicon of the white imagination? How does Black horror challenge these renderings? And further, what power might we identify in embracing monstrosity as a condition of being?
Does the Bronx Have a Taste for Monsters?
Authors: Muhammad A. J. , Moreno-Penson Desi
Published: November 2022

The introduction to this article provides an overview of three plays in the Nuyorican Gothic cycle, by multi-hyphenate theater artist Desi Moreno-Penson, which have been produced over the past two decades. The interview portion features a conversation between dramaturg A. J. Muhammad and Moreno-Penson about the third play in the cycle, Ominous Men (2016), which is about a group of Latino and Black men who gather in the basement of a haunted building in the Bronx to play a game of dominoes on the night of the infamous 1977 New York City blackout. Moreno-Penson elaborates on the play's many themes, the origins and aesthetics of her play cycle, and how she deploys the Gothic in her work.
SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS: PREVALENCE AND FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors: Abdullaeva Sevda R. , Popadyuk Valentin I. , Fomina Anna V.
Published: November 2022

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a form of hearing loss, which today has medical, social and economic significance. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), today there is a rapid increase in the number of patients suffering from SNHL. As it is known, the success in the treatment of such patients depends on the beginning of the treatment time. Accordingly, it is very important to organize the medical care efficiently and in time, but it is not always possible to ensure this. For this, it is necessary to improve the otorhinolaryngological service and the health care system.

Purpose. Based on the analysis of literature sources, consider the issues of the incidence of SNHL and present the main stages and problems of organizing medical care for patients with sensorineural hearing loss.

Materials and methods. A search and analysis of scientific data on the research topic was carried out. The collection was carried out in Russian and foreign electronic data systems: eLIBRARY.ru, PubMed, cyberleninka.ru, Google Scholar, glav-otolar.ru, who.int/ru, rosstat.gov.ru.

Conclusion. The data we found in the course of studying the scientific literature indicate the growing interest in this problem. Sensorineural hearing loss is a complex disease, due to the variety of possible etiological factors and the absence of a single etiopathogenesis. The procedure for organizing medical care for patients with SNHL at each stage of its provision is regulated by regulatory and legal acts. The study of morbidity, assessment of the quality of medical care makes it possible to determine the ways to improve the provision of medical care to patients suffering from SNHL.
ECOLOGICAL COMFORT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF BARNAUL
Authors: Otto Olga V. , Redkin Aleksander G. , Esimova Dinara D.
Published: November 2022

Ensuring a positive human environment is one of the most important urban management tasks, which requires appropriate scientific support. The results of a review of scientific publications of foreign and national publications concerning assessing the quality (comfort) of the living environment allow determining the main factors affecting the quality of life of the urban population. These factors include atmospheric air quality, noise pollution, road network and traffic, the nature of real estate development, and site landscaping. Based on the selected factors, the research objective was to develop a multi-faceted approach to the ecological assessment of the urban environment comfort, which can be applied in practice when planning the development of urban areas. The following indicators were used as assessment indicators: average annual concentration of suspended solids, noise level, intensity of traffic flows, real estate development density, share of green spaces, and area of parks and recreation sites. The studies of the municipal entity territory of the city of Barnaul, Altai Krai, conducted according to the developed methodology made it possible to identify the most ecologically uncomfortable zones of the city and propose approaches to solving the existing ecological problems. The most acute problems of the city urban environment are the non-uniformity of site landscaping, the congestion of highways, and the low level of improvement of the entire territory, especially the recreation areas. These things significantly reduce the ecological comfort level of the population living. In order to improve it, it is necessary to take real actions to improve urban infrastructure, first of all, to optimize transport flows, expand and create new zones of green spaces.
Trends in Science and Technological Development of market Foodnet in the Russia in Conditions of Geopolitical Turbulence
Authors: Mitrofanova I. , P'yankova S. , Ergunova O.
Published: November 2022

In modern conditions, defined by most domestic and foreign researchers as the ‘new normal”, new approaches are being formed to ensure the scientific and technological development of economies at the macro, meso and micro levels. The rapid transformation of the main trends in the geopolitical and economic situation in the country, the change in the emphasis of the import substitution policy in the sectors of the national economy, have led to the complication of the tasks facing the domestic economy related to the need to form a new system of priorities for national and regional innovation policy.

The authors of the article carried out work to identify global challenges, risks and potential threats of the agricultural development until 2030, as well as to form the prerequisites for the scientific and technological development of the market for scientific and technological initiatives (NTI) Foodnet. To understand the development of the NTI Foodnet market, the authors conducted a study of the prerequisites and reasons for the increased interest of foreign and domestic researchers in this article. In the study, the authors identified the factors for the creation and forming of the Foodnet market in the face of increased economic sanctions, geopolitical turbulence, and the growing problem of food security. The authors of the article made the assumption that this concept will solve the problems of import substitution of the agricultural industry of the regions of the Russian Federation through the introduction of new technologies and new principles for organizing the interaction of participants in the Foodnet market, which is open to the integration of new high technologies, through the introduction of new solutions based on digitalization and customization of agricultural products.
Uwagi na temat chciwości (aneleutheria, illiberalitas) jako wady moralnej w Aristotelis de virtutibus libellus Franciszka Tidicaeusa
Authors: Dreikopel Tomasz
Published: November 2022

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie rozważań na temat chciwości jako wady moralnej, które znalazły się w opublikowanym w roku 1609 w Lipsku Aristotelis de virtutibus libellus Franciszka Tidicaeusa, ówczesnego profesora Gimnazjum Akademickiego w Toruniu. Dzieło toruńskiego uczonego zawiera wnikliwą i pełną erudycji egzegezę zachowanej pod imieniem Arystotelesa rozprawki O cnotach i wadach. Porównanie interesującej nas partii komentarza z materiałem zawartym w trzech traktatach etycznych Arystotelesa nie pozostawia wątpliwości, że uwagi Tidicaeusa na temat wspomnianej wady odzwierciedlają naukę moralną greckiego poprzednika, stanowiąc punkt wyjścia, a zarazem zasadniczy cel prowadzonych przezeń wywodów.
Marsz korpusu inflanckiego wojsk rosyjskich gen. Piotra Lacy’ego w kierunku Warszawy latem 1733 roku
Authors: Tomaszewski Michał
Published: November 2022

Streszczenie: Niniejszy tekst porusza zagadnienia związane z wybuchem konfliktu o tron z polski z 1733-1735. Bezpośrednio dotyczy pierwszych tygodni kampanii 1733 roku tj. wejścia korpusu rosyjskiego gen. Piotr Lacy'ego na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej. Wybuch wojny o sukcesję polską jest tematem wciąż wymagającym pogłębienia. W tekście znajduję się dogłębna analiza marszruty wojsk rosyjskich oraz polskich działań opóźniających. Została poruszony również kwestia organizacji i składu oddziałów Lacy'ego. Ponadto, artykuł wzbogacony jest o opracowane przez autora mapy przedstawiające trasę marszu korpusu.
Bartosz Borkowski, Ku wojnie, Warszawa 2021, ss. 397
Authors: Goclon Jacek
Published: November 2022

Recenzja książki Bartosza Borkowskiego Ku wojnie (Warszawa 2021).
“La delicada arca del honor” y “la mayor nobleza del Orbe entero”: una defensa barroca de las mujeres y de los indígenas en el Perú del siglo XVIII / “The delicate ark of honor” and “The greatest nobility in the entire universe”: A baroque defense of women and indigenous peoples in 18th century Peru.
Authors: Sánchez Martínez César Félix
Published: November 2022

En este artículo se estudia un peculiar recurso discursivo de un cronista barroco del virreinato del Perú: un elogio de las mujeres criollas de la ciudad de Arequipa, que se transforma en una vindicación general de los indígenas como una forma de exaltar a la ciudad criolla a través de una serie de analogías históricas con experiencias e ideales de la tradición hispánica asumibles para una audiencia metropolitana.
Ensoñaciones populistas: el cuerpo del líder frente al poder de los muchos
Authors: Vega Facundo
Published: November 2022

Enfatizando la discrepancia entre “la política” y “lo político”, Ernesto Laclau corona su examen de los puntos ciegos de la tradición marxista con un elogio del populismo. Su recentramiento de “lo político” no postula un comienzo epitomizado por un gran acontecimiento. Antes bien, Laclau pondera la fundamentación ontológica de la política en tanto abismo de toda politicidad. Este ensayo evalúa críticamente la conjunción de maniobras deconstruccionistas y democráticoradicales a través de las cuales Laclau inviste el cuerpo del líder populista con un carácter extra-cotidiano. En términos de Laclau, de hecho, la política radical requiere la figura del líder populista que, ontológicamente, señala el camino hacia la emancipación. Sin embargo, se mostrará cómo la suposición de que el cuerpo del líder anima los comienzos políticos y los canaliza primordialmente, restringe la anterior “profundización del proyecto materialista” de Laclau y excluye una consideración del papel que “los muchos” juegan en las fundaciones democráticas.
La negación de la crueldad del héroe: Bolívar, la Navidad Negra de 1822 y los demonios de la Campaña del Sur
Authors: León González Adolfo
Published: November 2022

La “Navidad Negra” de 1822, en San Juan de Pasto, es un sangriento y oscuro episodio de la historia de la guerra independencia de Colombia que tiñe de deliberada crueldad la mítica figura del Libertador, Simón Bolívar, construida como referente moral y político de las nacientes repúblicas andinas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. La intolerable estética de la violencia desplegada por el ejército republicano en la Campaña del Sur contra sus propios compatriotas –incompatible con la ética de la guerra defendida públicamente por el Libertador– ha sido negada y omitida por gran parte de la historiografía oficial. Este artículo analiza en profundidad la contradicción entre el juicio ético y el estético sobre la crueldad de la figura épica, cuando esta aparece como irrefutable voluntad de sufrimiento del enemigo inerme, y el papel de la negación y el olvido como mecanismos de preservación de la función política del mito del héroe.
La influencia de la agenda presidencial en los medios de comunicación durante el conflicto armado de Colombia. El caso del "collarbomba" en El Tiempo (2000-2019)
Authors: Habbel Luisa-Charlotte , Barredo Ibáñez Daniel
Published: November 2022

Los discursos mediáticos forman parte integral en la conformación de las percepciones sociales. A través de esos discursos, los medios filtran y reinterpretan los acontecimientos; estos procesos contribuyen a configurar los imaginarios sociales. Este trabajo estudia la influencia de las agendas presidenciales en la evolución mediática de un episodio paradigmático del conflicto armado colombiano, como fue el caso “collar-bomba” entre los años 2000 y 2019. Para lograr este objetivo, se ha empleado un análisis de contenido informatizado, tanto a través de un modelado de tópicos, como de un análisis de secuencias. Los resultados confirman una cercanía al discurso presidencial del cubrimiento informativo del medio analizado, uno de los más importantes, por historia y consumo, de Colombia. El uso de un discurso deliberado se ve reflejado tanto en las asociaciones semejantes a las alusiones positivas y negativas al conflicto armado interno, como también a las nociones alusivas a las FARC.
Entre vagões e locomotivas: a questão regional na história do Brasil independente
Authors: Muniz de Albuquerque Júnior Durval
Published: November 2022

Este texto trata das questões regionais que emergem a partir do momento em que o Brasil se torna uma nação independente. É a própria luta entre as distintas parcelas das elites, que se distribuem por distintas porções do território e tem nelas assentadas seus interesses políticos e econômicos, para dar as diretrizes da nação emergente, que leva ao surgimento de reivindicações, ações e discursos de cunho regionalista, alguns deles chegando a radicalidade da proposição da secessão. É a luta em torno de hegemonizar a nação que leva emergência das regiões. O artigo faz um percurso em torno do tema da formação territorial brasileira e de como as questões regionais se colocam nesse processo de configuração do espaço nacional.
Doscientos años de la economía brasileña (según liberales, nacionalistas y marxistas): ¿la dependencia como proyecto?
Authors: Zahluth Bastos Pedro Paulo
Published: November 2022

El artículo presenta hechos estilizados sobre los doscientos años de historia económica brasileña según los liberales clásicos, nacionalistas y marxistas. Para ello se eligen algunos autores clásicos de cada orientación teórica por la influencia de sus interpretaciones. Mientras que los liberales clásicos alaban la dependencia económica y critican la lucha política por superar las herencias coloniales y neocoloniales, los nacionalistas y marxistas, de diferentes maneras, critican la dependencia y proponen superarla políticamente. En Brasil, los marxistas nunca han estado en el poder, pero es claro un péndulo entre liberales y nacionalistas. La relevancia de la clasificación propuesta se ilustra al recordar que, hoy, Brasil es gobernado por un líder en la tradición del neoliberalismo autoritario latinoamericano inaugurado por Augusto Pinochet en 1973. Sin embargo, poco después de conmemorarse los 200 años de la independencia política en 07 de septiembre de 2022, la elección presidencial de octubre de 2022 puede marcar un nuevo giro en el péndulo hacia una visión nacionalista del pasado y el futuro de Brasil.
Educação Pública no Brasil: a democratização inconclusa
Authors: Dias Navarro Barreto Raylane Andreza , de Souza Chaloba Rosa Fátima
Published: November 2022

Como forma de pensar a educação brasileira na efeméride dos 200 anos de independência do Brasil, elegemos como objeto de analise a trajetória da educação pública no Brasil a partir da expansão da sua rede escolar. Com base no método de investigação histórica a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e tendo por fontes, leis, decretos e dados estatísticos, o artigo foi dividido em duas partes: A primeira, dedicada aos irresolutos percursos da Educação pública do Brasil, depois de sua anunciada Independência política do Reino Português. Na sequência, discorre sobre o longo trajeto de conquista da universalização do ensino fundamental no século XX. O resultado nos faz questionar o futuro da educação pública frente as eleições do emblemático ano de 2022.
Equivocadas y malditas: la conquista de América desde la obra de Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio. Dios, historia y sentido
Authors: Lanza Henar
Published: November 2022

Antes incluso de que la España de 1992 celebrara el V centenario del descubrimiento de América, Ferlosio había publicado en la prensa varios textos críticos sobre la conquista que luego fueron reunidos en Esas Yndias equivocadas y malditas. Comentarios a la historia. Partiendo de esta obra, planteo la pregunta de qué es la historia y cómo debería escribirse y ensayo una respuesta desde la filosofía de la historia y la crítica de la violencia de Benjamin y la identificación que hace Ferlosio de Historia, Dios, dominación y sentido, fundamento de la moral expiatoria y el principio de intercambio de bienes por valores. Para ello, desarrollaré la tesis, compartida por Ferlosio, Dussel y Lomax, de que 1492 fue el año eje entre la Reconquista de la península ibérica y la conquista de América y el año en el que Iglesia de Roma extendió su poder hasta el nuevo continente, razón por la que retrocederé hasta la fusión de Cristianismo e Imperio Romano en Nicea; a continuación presentaré la caracterización hecha por Ferlosio de la guerra escatológica, cuyo garante es Dios, y rastrearé los antecedentes estoicos del sentido. Finalmente, de la mano de Dussel, ensayaré una respuesta a la pregunta para mostrar que el discurso histórico puede ser crítico (Benjamin), transitivo (Ferlosio), congénito con su objeto (Timeo) y estar libre de la lógica del Sentido (Ferlosio) para no tener que taparse los ojos ante lo que dice (Carson).