bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PENGUASAAN KOSA KATA BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI KEGIATAN SUPER CAMP KELAS XII IPA1 SMAN 1 GIRIMARTO
Authors: Sukatno Sukatno
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk  meningkatkan penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Inggris. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kemampuan  jenis ini   adalah melalui kegiatan pembelajaran di luar kelas dalam situasi kamping sehari atau dinamai Super Camp berbahasa Inggris. Melalui kegiatan pembelajaran super camp ,siswa diberi kesempatan seluas-luasnya untuk mengembangkan potensi secara total dengan kegiatan pembelajaran melalui pengalaman langsung: siswa mengalami sendiri/praktik dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini melalui pemberian  tindakan, ini  dilaksanakan mulai awal bulan September awal sampai dengan akhir September  tahun 2022. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII IPA1 yang berjumlah 30 siswa. Peneliti menyelenggarakan  tindakan dalam  dua siklus atau putaran. Tiap siklus terdiri dari  identifikasi masalah, perencanaan tindakan, pemberian tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi hasil observasi dan  merevisi perencanaan. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi; (1) pengamatan semua kegiatan  proses pembelajaran;  (2) tes, untuk mengetahui  apakah ada peningkatan kemampuan siswa. Dalam  kegiatan penelitian tindakan kelas ini  peneliti  dibantu oleh seorang kolaborator (guru serumpun). Hasil dari penelitian  tindakan kelas ini adalah terjadi peningkatan penguasaan kosa kata  bahasa Inggris. Terbukti nilai rerata kemampuan penguasaan kosa kata bahasa Inggris sebelum tindakan sebesar 70, sedangkan setelah tindakan menjadi 80. Berdasar data penelitian telah terjadi peningkatan prestasi  belajar siswa,  setelah  mereka mengikuti  proses pembelajaran melalui  model SUPER CAMP berbahasa Inggris.
Design and Implementation of Text to Speech Synthesizer
Authors: Singh Aryan , Chandrakar Saurabh , Uke Aniket , Kar Kaveri
Published: April 2023

Current research introduces a novel, efficient, and less expensive way for users to hear than to read the content of text images in real time. Includes Optical Character Recognition (OCR) ideas and a Text to Speech Synthesizer on Raspberry Pi (TTS). This type of technology uses a visual connection to allow visually impaired people to communicate with computers successfully. Extraction of text from colored images is a serious problem in computer vision. Converting text into speech is a process that scans and translates English letters and numbers into pictures using recognizable letter recognition (OCR) and converts them into words.
Pendidikan Akhlak Anak dalam Perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Bahri Syamsul
Published: April 2023

This study looks at the concept of children's moral education through the eyes of Imam al-children, Ghazali's with the goal of discovering the concept of moral education via the eyes of Imam al-children. Ghazali's The data analysis method used in the writing is content analysis, which is a sort of library research. Documentation is the method of data collecting, with primary data being Ihya' 'Ulumuddin's book and secondary data being books and scholarly papers pertinent to the theme. The study's findings show that having positive attitudes, ethics, and morals when seeking knowledge is the best method to achieve educational goals. Because morals and ethics are essential in the pursuit of knowledge. As a result, that information became valuable and a blessing. There are ten points in Ghazali's concept of moral education for youngsters.
Effective Repentance: Its Concept, Islamic Standpoint, And Way Of Its Application
Authors: Uthman Yusuf Olawale Owa-Onire
Published: April 2023

Sincere repentance needs to earn full consideration, Islam recognizes repentance as a concept that serves a significant purpose in the life of the believers. Spiritually, it is very effective in Islam, especially when it’s connected with the intention of closeness to Almighty God. Therefore, this paper will rapidly showcase the position of perfect repentance through its meaning, condition, benefits, and the perspective of Islam on its notion. Our readers would realize with the result of this research that, oftentimes, the noble religion (Islam) has explained the course of real repentance, in order to enlighten mankind on its benefit. Meanwhile, with repentance, a man will stay closer to God, know the right relationship with a fellow human, and run away from sins and evil. However, the master of repentance (seyyid ul-istigfar) would be addressed to fulfil the real meaning of this special prayer and correct the people’s fallacies connected to it. While in the study, repentance in a meaningful way will be detailed regarding verses of the Qur’an, prophetic tradition, and scholars’ work to derive quality research for this paperwork.
Manajemen Sekolah Berbasis Pesantren Dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Saadah Rifngatus , Asy’ari Hasyim
Published: April 2023

This article aims to find out how to build character in pesantren-based schools through intracurricular, extracurricular, and co-curricular activities. There is a plus value attached to this pesantren-based school because it maintains the distinctive culture of pesantren as an educational institution whose main orientation is to instill religious values ​​as forming the morality of the nation's children. This research is a type of qualitative research using a case study approach that is included in a descriptive research study. The location of this research is Islamic Junior High School Nashihuddin Bandar Lampung. Data were collected through participatory observation, structured interviews, and documentation. The results of this study can be concluded that: (1) character building in Islamic Junior High School Nashihuddin Bandar Lampung carried out thorough planning starting with the formulation of the vision, mission, and goals; (2) character building is integrated through intra-curricular, extra-curricular, co-curricular activities, such as flagship programs such as the English Club, Qiro 'Wal Hufadz and the Yellow Book Study; (3) Monitoring and evaluation of character building is carried out through (1) development of agreed character value indicators; (2) compiling assessment instruments; (3) summarize the results of indicator achievements; (4) perform analysis and evaluation; (5) follow up.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Kelas Digital Berbasis Google Workspace for Education
Authors: Hafid Hafid , Barnoto Barnoto
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to determine the digital classroom learning management in SMP Negeri 1 Kedungpring. The research methodology in this article uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The data sources are informants, events, locations, and documents. Then check the validity of the data using credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability. The results of this study are 1) planning for digital classroom learning based on google workspace for education consists of planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating. 2) implementation of digital classroom learning based on Google workspace for education consists of creating an account with a school domain, activating an account, creating virtual classes, and carrying out digital classroom learning. Using the features of google classroom, google docs, google Sheets, Google Slides, google jaw board and google sites. 3). Evaluation of digital classroom learning based on Google Workspace for Education using a google form with a report that will be automatically sent to the email of the Principal, Head of Curriculum, and Subject Teachers.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN IOT REMOTE LABORATORY BASED ON PIC MICROCONTROLLERS
Authors: MARTIN GUTIERREZ SERGIO , GOMEZ ALVARO , CASTRO GIL MANUEL ALONSO
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT:
This article analyzes the state of the art regarding Internet of Things remote laboratories to highlight the scarcity of this kind of educational tools, very useful in engineering education, especially in the context of Industry 4.0. The proposed system in this article consists on a web platform that allows students to submit and execute their C code to a remote PIC microcontroller board designed for Internet of Things purposes.

Keywords: remote lab, Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, PIC microcontroller, technology-enhanced learning
Pædagogik & diagnoser
Authors: Steno Anne Mia , S.K. Schmidt Lene
Published: April 2023

Redaktionelt forord
Aflæsning og praksis
Authors: Danneskiold-Samsøe Ida , Kjær Bjørg
Published: April 2023

ResumeDenne artikel omhandler specialpædagogisk arbejde med børn med autisme i almene dagtilbud. Vi rammesætter arbejdet som en socialpsykiatrisk opgave, fordi det pædagogiske personale forventes at arbejde med det diagnosticerede barns inklusion i den almene børnegruppe. På baggrund af et igangværende antropologisk forskningsprojekt belyser vi, hvordan forskellige forståelser af autisme bringes i spil i det pædagogiske arbejde, og hvilke konsekvenser disse forståelser har, for de diagnosticerede børn i de konkrete hverdagssituationer, der udspiller sig i institutionerne. Vi ser arbejdet med at støtte og guide børnene i disse aktiviteter som en hyperkompleks opgave, der på en og samme gang indebærer, at det pædagogiske personale forholder sig til barnets individuelle vanskeligheder og dets inklusion i gruppen. I analysen anvender vi antropologen Elinor Ochs begreb om socio-kulturelle skemata. Herigennem ser vi pædagogik som i forskelligt omfang er i stand til at hjælpe børnene til at forstå og aflæse sociale koder og mønstre. Derudover benytter vi os af antropologen Cheryl Mattinglys perspektiv på hverdagslivet som etisk eksperimentarium. Vi belyser på den vis etiske konsekvenser af pædagogikken for børnene, når der henholdsvis eksperimenteres, og når der ikke eksperimenteres i de pædagogiske handlinger.AbstractInterpretations and practice – working with ECEC children with autismThis article focuses on the work to support children with autism at mainstream day-care centers. We frame this work as a social psychiatric task, with day-care staff expected to facilitate and support the diagnosed child’s inclusion. Based on an ongoing anthropological research project, we analyze how different imaginaries about children with autism in mainstream day-care environments affect how ECEC professionals approach such children and interpret their actions. We view the work of supporting and guiding children’s activities as a hyper-complex task that simultaneously involves dealing with the child’s individual difficulties and supporting their inclusion. The analysis is based on anthropologist Elinor Ochs’s concept of sociocultural schemata, exploring variations in the extent to which different approaches within special education help children decode and understand sociocultural schemata. We furthermore draw on anthropologist Cheryl Mattingly’s understanding of everyday life as a moral laboratory, allowing us to examine ethical issues regarding the impact on children of pedagogical actions – both those that include an experimental component and those that do not.
Skolevægring
Authors: Dumstrei Britta
Published: April 2023

ResumeSkolevægring er generelt set blevet et stigende problem blandt danske skoleelever (Knudsen & Møller 2017, Lund 2021) og især børn med diagnoser er overrepræsenterede i statistikker over børn der har svært ved at komme i skole. Samtidig er skolevægring som fænomen, noget vi ikke ved så meget om i en dansk kontekst. Artiklens ærinde er, ud fra et litteraturstudie, at afsøge forståelser af og grunde til skolevægring, samt diskutere skolens rolle og opgave ift. børn der vælger skolen fra. Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i et state-of- the-art litteraturstudie om skolevægring i et international perspektiv, men med et primært fokus på Danmark. Studiet er styret af følgende forskningsspørgsmål: Hvilke forståelser peges der på i litteraturen ift. børn der vælger skolen fra, samt hvilken betydning kan disse forståelser få for det forebyggende og indgribende arbejde i praksis?AbstractSchool refusal – Children with diagnoses and their difficulties in getting to schoolSchool refusal has become an increasing problem among Danish school students (Knudsen & Møller 2017, Lund 2021) and especially children with diagnoses are represented in statistics on children who have difficulty participating in school. At the same time, school refusal as a phenomenon is something we know very little about in a Danish context. Based on a literature study the purpose of this article is to make school refusal visible as a growing problem in a Danish school context, as well as to discuss the role and tasks of the school in relation to children who don’t want to go to school. The article is based on a state-of-the-art literature study on school refusal in an international perspective, but with a primary focus on school refusal in Denmark. The study is guided by the following research question: What is known from the literature regarding child-motivated refusal to attend school (School Refusal) and how can this information be used to prevent and intervene in practice?
Pædagogiske science-forholdemåder
Authors: Mariegaard Stine
Published: April 2023

ResuméScience er med den Styrkede Pædagogiske Læreplan (DSPL) blevet et tema, som pædagoger er forpligtede til at arbejde med. Science som begreb er sparsomt beskrevet i en dansk pædagogisk kontekst. I tillæg beskriver DSPL, at en undersøgende tilgang bør vægtes. Den undersøgende science-tilgang er velbeskrevet på skoleområdet, mens den som et pædagogisk science-didaktisk udgangspunkt i dansk kontekst er underbelyst. Det er klart, at pædagoger ikke skal indtage en underviserrolle som i skolen. Eksempelvis er pædagoger forpligtet til at tage afsæt i børneperspektiver i alle lærerplanstemaerne. Men hvordan ser mulige pædagogiske forholdemåder om science så ud? I artiklen fremanalyserer jeg tre bud på pædagogiske science-forholdemåder, som primært retter sig til børnehavebørn, men også som inspiration til vuggestue, SFO og klub. Jeg formidler disse bud gennem tre metaforiske typologier: science-dirigenten, science-samspilleren og science-improvisatoren. Dette sker med afsæt i at kombinere et internationalt litteraturstudie, der identificerer tre teoretiske udgangspunkter for en undersøgelsesbaseret science-tilgang, teori om børneperspektiver og observationer i pædagogisk praksis. Jeg argumenterer for, at alle tre forholdemåder på hver sin måde kan have legitimitet, og at det kvalificerede valg af forholdemåde må afgøres af den professionelle pædagogs dømmekraft. AbstractPedagogical science approaches – about how pedagogues can meet children about scienceWith the Strengthened Pedagogical Curriculum (Danish: Den Styrkede Pædagogiske Læreplan, DSPL), science has become a theme that pedagogues are obliged to work with. Science as a concept is described sparsely in a Danish pedagogical context. In addition, the DSPL describes that importance should be attached to an ‘inquiry- based approach’. While an inquiry approach in science is a well-documented area in schools, it is relatively less studied in pedagogical contexts. It is obvious that pedagogues should not take on a teaching role as in schools. For example, pedagogues are generally required to consider children’s perspectives in all curriculum themes. The question is what do possible pedagogical approaches in science look like? Drawing partly on an international literature review that identifies three theoretical starting points for an inquiry-based approach; partly on the theory of children’s perspectives and experiences from the field, I propose three possible suggestions for pedagogical science roles. The findings are conveyed as three metaphors for how educators can work with science. I name the roles science conductor, science co-player, and science improviser. I argue that all three roles have legitimacy in their own way and that the informed choice of approach must be determined by the judgment of the qualified professional pedagogue.
Artisans de la mémoire et de la reconstruction symbolique de l’Acadie : le cas du Congrès mondial acadien
Authors: Forgues Éric , Arrighi Laurence , Berger Tommy
Published: April 2023

En nous appuyant sur une étude de l’édition de 2019 du Congrès mondial acadien, notre texte montre comment cet événement culturel s’inscrit dans le prolongement d’un travail de mémoire mené par des individus et des groupes de l’Acadie et de sa diaspora. Par ce travail, ceux-ci tentent de reconstruire symboliquement la communauté acadienne, que l’armée britannique avait cherché à détruire en la déportant, tout en exprimant la résilience du peuple acadien et en établissant et en entretenant des liens entre l’Acadie et sa diaspora. Aux fins de notre démonstration, nous présentons le cadre conceptuel qui nous a permis de comprendre comment la mémoire des événements historiques liés au Grand Dérangement ou à la déportation du peuple acadien s’est construite et a revêtu une dimension mythique. Ce cadre conceptuel nous sert ensuite à mieux saisir le sens du Congrès mondial acadien pour les personnes qui en assurent l’organisation et celles qui y participent.
Mémoire et histoire dans les communautés francophones minoritaires : réflexions d’un praticien1
Authors: Frenette Yves
Published: April 2023

Les historiens contribuent à la construction de la mémoire collective. Cependant, par le biais d’enquêtes méthodiques, leur apport diffère souvent de celui d’autres intervenants. S’ils peuvent être aussi des citoyens engagés, les historiens doivent pratiquer une nécessaire mise à distance. Or, cet équilibre est difficile à maintenir dans les communautés francophones minoritaires. Marginalisées sous plus d’un aspect, ces dernières sont constamment à la recherche de justice et de reconnaissance. Dans leurs combats, les porte-parole des minorités multiplient les références à l’ancrage profond des francophones dans le territoire et à leurs luttes héroïques, croyant ou voulant croire que « la communauté » a toujours été unanime.

Le présent article vise à saisir les rapports qu’entretiennent la mémoire et l’histoire au sein des communautés francophones minoritaires. Pour ce faire, l’auteur s’appuie sur les travaux d’historiens d’ici et d’ailleurs qui ont étudié la question, et il illustre ses propos en donnant des exemples récents. Partiellement analytique, l’article se veut également un témoignage qui repose sur diverses expériences de l’auteur en Ontario français.
Évaluation de la fidélité interjuges d’une grille d’observation des comportements d’offre active de services en français dans le cadre d’activités d’apprentissage par simulation
Authors: Vincent Coralie , Bodnaruc Alexandra Maria , Savard Jacinthe , Kengneson Cris-Carelle , Benoît Josée , Giroux Isabelle
Published: April 2023

Dans les régions canadiennes où les communautés francophones vivent en situation minoritaire, l’offre active (OA) de services en français consiste à proposer des services en français de façon proactive et dès le premier contact. Dans le contexte des services sociaux et de santé, l’OA contribue à la qualité, à la sécurité et à l’équité des soins destinés à ces communautés. La Grille d’observation des indicateurs de compétence en OA a été créée pour évaluer cette compétence chez les futurs professionnels dans un contexte d’apprentissage par simulation. Le présent projet de recherche visait à poursuivre l’évaluation métrologique de la grille en mesurant sa fidélité interjuges grâce au coefficient de corrélation intraclasse (CCI). Les résultats ont démontré un niveau de fidélité globale élevé (CCI = 0,87), ce qui permet d’encourager l’utilisation de la grille dans les milieux d’apprentissage. Des recherches supplémentaires permettront d’évaluer la fidélité de la grille dans divers contextes et d’assurer l’amélioration continue de la formation des futurs professionnels sur l’OA.
Les enregistrements stratigraphique et paléontologique ordoviciens et siluriens d’Anticosti comme valeur universelle exceptionnelle
Authors: Desrochers André
Published: April 2023

Les démarches menées par la Municipalité de L’Île-d’Anticosti et ses nombreux partenaires auprès de l’UNESCO pour son inscription sur la Liste des sites du patrimoine mondial constituent une occasion de protéger, de conserver et de mettre en valeur son patrimoine naturel. Cette candidature se distingue en raison du potentiel de valeur universelle exceptionnelle (VUE) en lien avec sa géologie. Anticosti constitue le meilleur laboratoire naturel au monde pour l’étude des fossiles et des strates sédimentaires issus de la première extinction de masse du vivant, à la fin de l’Ordovicien. L’abondance, la diversité et l’état de conservation des fossiles sont remarquables et permettent un travail scientifique de classe mondiale. Les limites du bien proposé sont clairement définies et comprennent les strates fossilifères exposées le long du littoral maritime et des rivières Vauréal et Jupiter. À l’intérieur de ces limites, les enregistrements stratigraphique et paléontologique contiennent tous les attributs nécessaires à l’expression intégrale de sa VUE. Le bien proposé et sa zone tampon jouissent de rigoureuses mesures législatives de protection à long terme, car ils se trouvent dans un réseau d’aires protégées de tenure publique géré par le gouvernement provincial (Québec).
L’« égalité des armes » — une expression bénie ? — en droit processuel au Québec : le rôle du droit international
Authors: Beaulac Stéphane
Published: April 2023

Si l’« égalité des armes » en est à ses balbutiements en droit processuel au Québec, son potentiel de croissance semble considérable. Après en avoir défini la nature et vu ses ancrages juridiques — l’article 23 de la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne du Québec et les principes directeurs du Code de procédure civile — et à la suite d’un bref examen des quelques affaires y ayant eu recours en jurisprudence, la discussion se concentre sur la filiation de droit international du principe. Pour ce faire, il faut bien comprendre la grille d’analyse de la problématique de l’interlégalité, qui a été recadrée et raffinée récemment. La Cour suprême du Canada enseigne que la normativité internationale procure des éléments « pertinents et persuasifs » ou des éléments contextuels pour l’interprétation et l’application du droit interne, étant entendu que son rôle se limite à appuyer ou à confirmer (jamais contredire) une conclusion qui se fonde, au premier chef, sur le texte de la législation. En outre, l’analyse est différenciée suivant le type de sources : convention contraignante ou non, instrument antérieur ou postérieur à la loi interne, jurisprudence de tribunaux internationaux ou étrangers. La seconde partie du texte procède à l’étude en substance de l’égalité des armes, telle que développée en vertu des conventions des systèmes régionaux européens et sous le régime universel onusien, et telle qu’articulée à l’aide de décisions de tribunaux internationaux (Cour européenne des droits de l’homme; Cour de justice de l’Union européenne). On constate ensuite que les jugements au Québec ayant fait référence au principe ne se sont pas trompés : ils ont considéré l’égalité des armes tout d’abord dans une perspective de droit interne, en tenant compte de l’article 23 de la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne du Québec et des principes directeurs du Code de procédure civile, pour arriver seulement par la suite au droit international, afin d’appuyer et de confirmer le sens et la portée du principe. Bien que le texte soit articulé autour de l’international, en conclusion, des exemples d’application en droit procédural au Québec sont présentés. En définitive, l’égalité des armes pourra certes se déployer pleinement grâce à ses ancrages juridiques internes et, en outre, à la lumière de l’expérience internationale.
La coopération des pays tiers et la gestion des migrations dans l’espace euroméditerranéen
Authors: Hammamoun Saïd
Published: April 2023

L’objet de cet article est d’explorer le processus de gestion de la politique européenne de migration, ainsi que les formes sous lesquelles il se décline dans le cadre des relations euroméditerranéennes. L’article soutient l’idée selon laquelle l’implication des pays du sud de la Méditerranée est intimement liée à la construction de la dimension externe de la politique européenne de migration. Or, cette dimension externe n’est pas exempte d’ambiguïtés, ce qui explique à bien des égards le fait que la coopération avec ces pays s’est diluée dans un processus global de sécurisation des frontières de l’Union européenne. L’article se penche ensuite sur les limites de cette gestion afin de démontrer que la coopération avec les pays du sud de la Méditerranée n’a pas su s’affranchir des incertitudes de la gouvernance externe de la politique migratoire de l’Union européenne.
Correlation of Interests of Russia, China and the United States on the Korean Peninsula and their Implementation under Possible Scenarios of Development of the Situation
Authors: Marina Anastasiia Andreevna
Published: April 2023

In the article, the author addresses the problem of conflict settlement on the Korean peninsula through the prism of interaction between the leading regional powers. This conflict is considered as one of the rudiments of the bipolar system of international relations, which has the potential for nuclear escalation in the XXI century. The author analyzes the experience of interaction between the United States, Russia and China with the countries of the Korean peninsula, highlights the priorities of these countries in the region, and also provides an overview of the most likely scenarios for the development of events, taking into account the correlation of interests of the countries of the "Korean node". Particular attention is paid to the approach of regional Powers to the nuclear aspect of the conflict in Korea. The author comes to the conclusion that the deterioration of relations between external actors involved in the resolution of this conflict has a direct negative impact on the development of the situation in the region. The low degree of convergence of interests of the parties to the conflict and the lack of coordination of actions on nuclear issues hinders the search for a compromise in resolving the Korean issue. Given the current foreign policy situation, the most likely scenario for the further development of events in the region is the consolidation of two opposing blocs Washington-Seoul-Tokyo and Beijing-Moscow-Pyongyang, which will actually consolidate the existing distribution of influence in the Northeast Asia region.
Restrictive language semantics in the Multioberon system
Authors: Dagaev Dmitry Viktorovich
Published: April 2023

The Oberon-based language and systems in implementation demonstrate a minimalist approach to achieving reliability, significantly different from most software systems that seek to maximize the number of supported functions. The requirements for critical systems for Category A nuclear power plants prohibit the use of even more programming practices. In order to meet the category A requirement of a stable number of iterations, the use of conditional loop operators is prohibited. To ensure ergodicity, the prohibition of the use of dynamic memory and recursion is used. A buffer overflow type vulnerability is closed by prohibiting the system operations module SYSTEM. Restrictions can be set to identify the problem of a fragile base class, type change operations, and the use of nested procedures. It is noted that the transition to the Oberon-07 dialect mainly concerned additional restrictions and fits well into the framework of restrictive semantics. Instead of languages and dialects for each set of requirements, the author proposes an approach of restrictive semantics, in which one language with a system of restrictions is used. A single RESTRICT statement has been introduced into the language as a declaration of restrictions on this module. The Multioberon compiler is implemented with one frontend, including a system of restrictions, and several replaceable backends. The syntactic analysis of the compiler is demonstrated by examples. The strategy of scaling the compiler depending on the system requirements is shown. The novelty of the restrictive semantics approach is the achievement of a set of minimum necessary properties that meet the requirements for the system. The use of the "from limitations" approach by system developers is an advantage, because it declares the really necessary properties of the system, linked to the requirements.
“Los accidentes que la experiencia enseña”: dinámica fronteriza en el piedemonte llanero, Nuevo Reino de Granada, 1556-1685
Authors: Acosta Franco Yirla Marisol
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Objective/context: This article shows the internal dynamics of a distinct frontier region along the eastern plains of the New Kingdom of Granada during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The foundation of cities, the creation of governorships, their constant shifts and jurisdictional disputes, the exploitation of indigenous labor, security, and the imperial expansion were highly complex issues that today allow analyzing the territorialization of the Spanish Empire on a local scale in which multiple negotiations took place between the central power of the Audiencia at the Reign’s capital and the rulers and settlers in the frontier. Methodology: By comparing and contrasting rarely explored sources, such as the capitulations of governorships and the reports of royal officials and Jesuit missionaries on indigenous slavery and settlement, the article shows how the plain’s provinces were politically and administratively constructed over this period. Originality: the research delves into the complexities of provincial formation in a frontier area, expanding in detail the procedures for the settlement of the Llanos’ governorships, a topic little studied in the literature dedicated to the imperial past in the New Kingdom of Granada. Conclusions: The dynamism and mobility that occurred in the plains piedmont, influenced by phenomena such as indigenous slavery, jurisdictional instability and fear of possible invasions by foreign powers, reveal the local construction of the Empire and the relationships between different managing levels.
En ‘Tierra de Caimanes’: imaginarios geográficos, literatura ilustrada y tropicalidad del río Orinoco en las obras de Jules Crevaux (1883) y Jean Chaffanjon (1889)
Authors: Lozada Mendieta Natalia , Carvalho Ramírez Daniella
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Objective/context: In France’s second half of the 19th century, magazines such as Le Tour du Monde and illustrated novels were used to promote geographical sciences and educational and political propaganda of the Third Republic and its economic interests based on the diaries of French travelers. This article analyzes the geographical imaginaries of the Orinoco from a case study of the publications of the travels of Jules Crevaux and Jean Chaffanjon. These travelers’ characterization of the territory and its people in their texts and images framed this region within the depressed tropical areas, thus justifying the foreign exploitation of its resources. Methodology: This analysis is based on the publications of both travelers—in Le Tour du Monde articles and illustrated novels— and a corpus of images—published engravings, and photographs and sketches in the archive made in situ during the explorations—. Their analytical approach as historical sources and the visual and iconographic analysis is critical to understanding the production and dissemination of geographical imaginaries about the Orinoco. Originality: Studies on these authors have been widely circulated in France but have been less discussed in South America. This study’s relevance lies in applying the tropicality approach and the geographical imaginaries in informal French imperialism. The images of the Orinoco have been studied in the 18th and early 19th centuries from the illustrations and maps of authors such as Gumilla, Gilij and Humboldt; in this case, we tackle the most extensive corpus of published and unpublished images of this region and its massive circulation at the end of the 19th century, broadening the field of study of the territories in the nations’ periphery. Conclusions: The geographical imaginaries produced from the illustrated press and later in the format of geographical novels circulated widely among the enlightened and general public, disseminating characterizations of this territory and its inhabitants as savage but rich in resources and potentially domesticable. The analysis of the texts and illustrations of the Orinoco, according to French interests in American territories, allowed us to understand its representation as an adventurous and marginal space that still had to be conquered.
La mirada estatal de la Amazonia: la planificación de la selva en Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú entre 1968-1978
Authors: Campaña Pablo
Published: April 2023

Objetivo/Contexto: Esta investigación analiza el aparato argumentativo y las circunstancias que afectaron a los funcionarios que planificaron las zonas selváticas de Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú entre 1968 y 1978. Metodología: Se aplican herramientas de la Historia Intelectual para desentrañar la construcción de la Amazonia como objeto de conocimiento entre planificadores. Sus mecanismos interpretativos se observan en la disputa sobre la pertinencia de construir sociedades urbanas o agrícolas en la selva. La consideración de sus trayectorias personales introduce un análisis contextual de la configuración de sus cuerpos argumentales a la hora de dar significados a la selva. El seguimiento de la inserción de la Amazonia en el entramado de saberes y tecnologías desplegado con la puesta en marcha de los planes de desarrollo permite señalar los efectos ambientales más notorios tras su implementación. Originalidad: A través del análisis comparativo de la acción planificadora en la Amazonia surge una innovadora descripción de las circunstancias que definieron el quehacer de sus planificadores en el contexto de la “gran aceleración” con que la Historia Ambiental describe el punto de inflexión en que la acción estatal cobró un ímpetu de sensible magnitud en el espacio selvático. Conclusiones: Entre los planificadores de Brasil, Ecuador y Perú prevaleció la intención de adelantar polos de desarrollo, fomentando sociedades urbanas industrializadas, mientras que los de Colombia optaron por un modelo que afirmó la modernización de la agricultura y la ganadería. Los primeros buscaron industrializar los recursos naturales en las ciudades para fortalecer la independencia política y económica de sus países; los segundos, que el uso de semillas híbridas y maquinaria permitiera a los campesinos aumentar su productividad e ingresos, con lo que esperaban abrir la economía nacional al mercado global.
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling drives placental aging and can provoke preterm labor
Authors: Ciampa Erin J. , Flahardy Padraich , Srinivasan Harini , Jacobs Christopher , Tsai Linus , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Parikh Samir M.
Published: April 2023

Most cases of pre-term labor have unknown cause, and the burden of preterm birth is immense. Placental aging has been proposed to promote labor onset, but specific mechanisms remain elusive. We report findings stemming from unbiased transcriptomic analysis of mouse placenta, which revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) stabilization is a hallmark of advanced gestational timepoints, accompanied by mitochondrial dysregulation and cellular senescence; we detected similar effects in aging human placenta. In parallel in primary mouse trophoblasts and human choriocarcinoma cells, we modeled HIF-1 induction and demonstrated resultant mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HIF-1 stabilization recapitulated gene signatures observed in aged placenta. Further, conditioned media from trophoblasts following HIF-1 induction promoted contractility in immortalized uterine myocytes, suggesting a mechanism by which the aging placenta may drive the transition from uterine quiescence to contractility at the onset of labor. Finally, pharmacological induction of HIF-1 via intraperitoneal administration of dimethyloxalyl glycine (DMOG) to pregnant mice caused preterm labor. These results provide clear evidence for placental aging in normal pregnancy, and demonstrate how HIF-1 signaling in late gestation may be a causal determinant of the mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence observed within the trophoblast as well as a trigger for uterine contraction.
Linking genotypic and phenotypic changes in the LTEE using metabolomics
Authors: Favate John S. , Skalenko Kyle S. , Chiles Eric , Su Xiaoyang , Yadavalli Srujana S. , Shah Premal
Published: April 2023

Changes in an organism’s environment, genome, or gene expression patterns ultimately lead to changes in its metabolome. The metabolic phenotype can be under selection and is known to contribute to adaptation. However, the networked and convoluted nature of the metabolome makes relating mutations, metabolic changes, and effects on fitness challenging. To overcome this challenge, we use the Long Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE) as a model to understand how mutations can transduce themselves through a cellular network, eventually affecting metabolism and perhaps fitness. We used mass-spectrometry to broadly survey the metabolomes of both ancestors and all 12 evolved lines and combined this with genomic and expression data to suggest how mutations that alter specific reaction pathways, such as the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, might increase fitness in the system. Our work brings the field closer to a complete genotype-phenotype map for the LTEE and a better understanding of how mutations might affect fitness through the metabolome.
Exploring the role of differentially expressed metabolic genes and their mechanisms in bone metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang Qingfu , Zhang Peng , Zhao Zhongting , Wang Jun , Zhang Hepeng
Published: April 2023

Background

Approximately 10–20% of patients diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) evolve into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), while nearly 90% of patients with metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) exhibit osseous metastases (BM). These BM are intimately correlated with the stability of the tumour microenvironment.

Purpose

This study aspires to uncover the metabolism-related genes and the underlying mechanisms responsible for bone metastatic prostate cancer (BMPCa).

Methods

Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets of PCa and BM were analyzed through R Studio software to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs underwent functional enrichment via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO), with key factors screened by a random forest utilized to establish a prognostic model for PCa. The study explored the relationship between DEGs and the stability of the immune microenvironment. The action and specificity of CRISP3 in PCa was validated through western blot analysis, CCK-8 assay, scratch assay, and cellular assay.

Results

The screening of GEO and TCGA datasets resulted in the identification of 199 co-differential genes. Three DEGs, including DES, HBB, and SLPI, were selected by random forest classification model and cox regression model. Immuno-infiltration analysis disclosed that a higher infiltration of naïve B cells and resting CD4 memory T cells occurred in the high-expression group of DES, whereas infiltration of resting M1 macrophages and NK cells was greater in the low-expression group of DES. A significant infiltration of neutrophils was observed in the high-expression group of HBB, while greater infiltration of gamma delta T cells and M1 macrophages was noted in the low-expression group of HBB. Resting dendritic cells, CD8 T cells, and resting T regulatory cells (Tregs) infiltrated significantly in the high-expression group of SLPI, while only resting mast cells infiltrated significantly in the low-expression group of SLPI. CRISP3 was established as a critical gene in BMPCa linked to DES expression. Targeting CRISP3, d-glucopyranose may impact tumour prognosis. During the mechanistic experiments, it was established that CRISP3 can advance the proliferation and metastatic potential of PCa by advancing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusion

By modulating lipid metabolism and maintaining immunological and microenvironmental balance, DES, HBB, and SLPI suppress prostate cancer cell growth. The presence of DES-associated CRISP3 is a harbinger of unfavorable outcomes in prostate cancer and may escalate tumor proliferation and metastatic capabilities by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Identification of key genes in bovine muscle development by co-expression analysis
Authors: Zhang Junxing , Sheng Hui , Pan Cuili , Wang Shuzhe , Yang Mengli , Hu Chunli , Wei Dawei , Wang Yachun , Ma Yun
Published: April 2023

Background

Skeletal muscle is not only an important tissue involved in exercise and metabolism, but also an important part of livestock and poultry meat products. Its growth and development determines the output and quality of meat to a certain extent, and has an important impact on the economic benefits of animal husbandry. Skeletal muscle development is a complex regulatory network process, and its molecular mechanism needs to be further studied.

Method

We used a weighted co-expression network (WGCNA) and single gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to study the RNA-seq data set of bovine tissue differential expression analysis, and the core genes and functional enrichment pathways closely related to muscle tissue development were screened. Finally, the accuracy of the analysis results was verified by tissue expression profile detection and bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation model in vitro (BSMSCs).

Results

In this study, Atp2a1, Tmod4, Lmod3, Ryr1 and Mybpc2 were identified as marker genes in muscle tissue, which are mainly involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, AMPK pathway and insulin pathway. The assay results showed that these five genes were highly expressed in muscle tissue and positively correlated with the differentiation of bovine BSMSCs.

Conclusions

In this study, several muscle tissue characteristic genes were excavated, which may play an important role in muscle development and provide new insights for bovine molecular genetic breeding.
Observations on heterodonty within the dentition of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae (Richardson, 1836), from the north-central Gulf of Mexico, USA, with implications on the fossil record
Authors: Ebersole Jun A. , Kelosky Abigail T. , Huerta-Beltrán Bryan L. , Cicimurri David J. , Drymon J. Marcus
Published: April 2023

The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae (Richardson, 1836), is the most common small coastal requiem shark in the north-central Gulf of Mexico, USA. Despite this fact, little is known about the dental variation within this taxon. To help rectify this shortcoming, we examined 126 male and female R. terraenovae jaws sets across all maturity stages to document the various types of heterodonty occurring in the dentition of this taxon. Quantitative data gathered from a subset of our sample allowed for us to place teeth within the dentition of R. terraenovae into standardized upper and lower parasymphyseal/symphyseal, anterior lateral, and posterior tooth groups. As with all carcharhinid sharks, the dentition of R. terraenovae exhibits monognathic and dignathic heterodonty. We also observed significant ontogenetic heterodonty in the species, as the teeth and dentition progress through five generalized developmental stages as the shark matures. The ontogenetic development of serrations on the teeth appears to be closely related to documented dietary changes as the shark matures. Initial diets are comprised of high percentages of invertebrate prey like shrimp, crabs, and squid, but this transitions through ontogeny to a diet that is more reliant on fishes. We also provide the first documentation of gynandric heterodonty in mature male R. terraenovae, with development of these seasonal teeth likely enabling a male to grasp female sharks during copulation. Our analysis revealed a tremendous amount of variation in the dentition of R. terraenovae, which has direct implications on the taxonomy of fossil Rhizoprionodon. A comparison of the jaws in our sample to those of the extant species of Rhizoprionodon and the morphologically similar Loxodon, Scoliodon, and Sphyrna allowed us to formulate a list of generic-level characteristics to assist with the identification of isolated teeth. When applied to the fossil record, it is shown that some species previously assigned to Rhizoprionodon likely belong to one of the other aforementioned genera. The earliest occurrence of unequivocal Rhizoprionodon teeth in the fossil record are those of the Eocene †R. ganntourensis (Arambourg, 1952), the oldest records of which occur in early Ypresian deposits in Alabama and Mississippi, USA. The early Eocene occurrence of unequivocal fossil Rhizoprionodon teeth in Alabama predates the first occurrence of Negaprion, Galeocerdo, and Carcharhinus teeth in the state, supporting published molecular and morphological phylogenies positing a basal position for Rhizoprionodon within the Carcharhinidae.
Mediating Effect of Happiness at Work in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Job Performance: A Literature Review
Authors: Pojanes Angela Denise , Japos Genaro
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to examine scientific articles as the basis for a literature review on the possible Mediating Effect of Happiness at Work in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Job Performance in the Philippines' Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry. The study used a qualitative method using a literature review that applies the content of scientific articles from reputable databases such as Google Scholar and many other websites. The results of the study show that happiness at work doesn't exert a mediating relationship between transformational leadership and job performance. However, this concludes that happiness at work has exerted a significant and positive effect on job performance.
Coping Mechanisms of Mainstreamed Learners
Authors: Cruz Jeremy
Published: April 2023

The Corona Virus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic caused the implementation of distance learning that deprived learners of regular school routines (oecd.org). This mixed-methods research evaluated the coping mechanisms of mainstreamed learners, the recommendations of the parents and learners, and the program that can be implemented to improve the implementation of mainstreaming learners with disabilities (LWDs). Results revealed that LWDs exhibited low avoidance and rebellious characteristics but high reconciliation and determination indicators. The focus group discussion verified the instructional-related challenges encountered. Mainstreamed students have a strong drive to cope with instructional-related challenges. To improve instructional issues, schools should contextualize lessons, especially in Mathematics. Video lessons should be available. The partnership between teachers and parents must be strengthened, and family support initiatives must be intensified. The researcher's framework, Rx Education for the Mainstreamed in Time of Pandemic, can be implemented, which involves Medical Assessment, Classhome Readiness, Creative Instruction, and Progress Monitoring. Conduct of annual medical assessments and regular monitoring by experts like Psychologists and Physical and Psychotherapists for the learners' well-being should be in place. The study's results suggest significant implications and references for educators and policymakers.