bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Security Threats Mitigation through Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithms in Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Bibi Sumayya , Prof. Madya. Ir. Dr. Nadiatulhuda Binti Zulkifli  , Farabi Iqbal  , Safdar Raza  , Muhammad Aamir Shafi
Published: December 2024

Amid the ceaseless advancements in the telecommunication world, Passive Optical Network (PON) technologies have positioned themselves as paramount solutions in the sphere of global broadband access networks. These technologies offer several distinctive benefits, including remarkable bandwidth capabilities, impressive reach, passive nature, relative ease of maintenance and flexibility for potential future upgrades. Among these technologies, Gigabit PON (GPON) has been extensively adopted across Europe and America, while Ethernet PON (EPON) has found considerable favor in regions such as Korea and Japan. GPON, which notably functions as a potent "last-mile" communication system, leverages the unparalleled high-speed data transfer capabilities that are inherent to fiber-optic technology. However, with technological progress comes the escalating need for robust security measures. The complex landscape of network technologies has seen a rise in cyber threats, making security a paramount concern. Cyber threats can often take several forms, such as masquerading, where unauthorized entities impersonate legitimate users; packet replaying, where network packets are maliciously resubmitted; message modification, where information within network messages is unlawfully altered; and the more notorious Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. This study embarks on an exploratory journey into the impacts of these diverse security strategies on the overall performance of PON technologies. It provides an overview that considers the categorization of PON standards and scrutinizes their respective security schemes, providing insights into their effectiveness. This paper not only reviews existing methods for mitigating security threats in PONs but also introduces a novel Hybrid Security-Aware DBA (HSA-DBA) model. By incorporating machine learning, the HSA-DBA enhances adaptability and resilience in bandwidth allocation while addressing evolving security challenges. This approach ensures optimal bandwidth distribution, adheres to SLAs, and strengthens PONs against future threats, offering a significant advancement in secure and efficient PON architecture. The study examines performance metrics including upstream delay, delay variation, and frame loss across traffic classes T1, T2, T3 and T4.
Development of an Optimized Neural Network Model using Hyperparameters Optimization for Electrical Load Prediction
Authors: Olawuyi Abdulsemiu , Ajewole Titus , Oladepo Olatunde , Awofolaju Tolulope
Published: December 2024

Electrical load prediction has become essential to the efficient operation, control and management of modern electric power systems. Various machine learning prediction models have been developed for electrical load prediction, this includes Support Vector Regression, Fuzzy Logic and Neural Network (NN) modelling approaches. However, incorrect selection of model hyperparameters, which are parameters that affect the output of the prediction models, could result in low prediction accuracy of machine learning models. Hence, the development of an optimized NN model for electrical load prediction was presented in this study. Historical daily data of temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and windspeed for Osogbo, Nigeria was obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration website; while electrical load data for the same location was collected from the Transmission Company of Nigeria. The data captured a period of five years (2017 to 2021). The NN models were developed with MATLAB R2022a software, and two hyperparameters, hidden layers and neuron counts, were optimized using the Bayesian optimization technique to enhance the quality of the models. The models were evaluated using mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The MAE and RMSE for the non-optimized NN model were 6.5247 and 8.2725 respectively. Meanwhile, for the optimized NN model, the MAE and RMSE were 5.6571 and 7.4289 respectively. The obtained results show that the optimized NN performed better than the non-optimized NN models. Therefore, for more accurate load prediction, the method developed of this research is suggested for use by utility providers.
Comparison between Two Different Fractal Koch Position for Reflecting Intelligent Surface (RISs)
Authors: MOHD YAZIZ NUR SYAHIRAH , A. RAHIM MOHAMAD KAMAL , SAMSURI NOOR ASMAWATI , ZUBIR FARID
Published: December 2024

The paper focuses on investigating the fractal shape placement of metasurface reflectors at the X-band frequency for Reflecting Intelligent Surface (RIS). The proposed reflector adopts a square shape, with the fractal intersection on a Rogers RO5880 substrate measuring 0.51 mm in thickness. The graph illustrating the S-parameter and reflection phase exhibits the simulated outcomes for various fractal positions. Furthermore, the bandwidth of the proposed reflector was determined by analyzing the simulation results. The impact of the incident wave angle on the proposed reflector was observed to shift along the horizontal axis. Mainly, the reflector with the inward fractal shape position demonstrated better performance and a wider bandwidth compared to the outward fractal substrate.
Dielectric Resonator Antenna Mode Excitation using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Feed with L-Slot
Authors: Nasir Nida , Mohd Haizal Jamaluddin  , Nor Hidayu Shahadan
Published: December 2024

In this study, a substrate integrated waveguide dielectric resonator antenna excited by an L-slot is proposed, and the design is operated within the frequency range of 24.25 to 29.5 GHz bandwidth for 5G-NR applications. Rogers 5880 is used as a substrate with a permittivity of 2.2; in contrast, the dielectric resonator antenna has a permittivity of 10. The antenna demonstrates a simulated impedance bandwidth of 25.2 to 30.5 GHz, and a high gain of 8.7 dBi is observed due to the excitation of the DRA higher-order TE113 mode, whereas the design exhibits over 98% radiation efficiency, attributed to minimal copper losses at resonant frequencies. These results highlight the antenna's suitability for broadband, high-efficiency, high-gain applications in the millimeter-wave 5G-NR frequency bands.
Oscillation Control of a Double-Pendulum Overhead Crane Using Positive and Negative Input Shaping Techniques
Authors: Bello Musa Mohammed , Mohamed Zaharuddin , Ishak Haszuraidah , Mohammed Eltahir Rania
Published: December 2024

A double-pendulum overhead crane system exhibits significant nonlinearity and is classified as an under-actuated system, making control more complex. This study focuses on designing a robust shaper to effectively mitigate oscillations in such systems. Two robust shapers, which are Zero Vibration Derivative (ZVD) and Negative Equal-Magnitude (NEM), are considered. These are obtained by convolving two input shapers that are designed based on the hook and payload oscillation frequencies. Matlab simulations are utilized to evaluate the performance of the shapers, using a nonlinear dynamic model of the crane to assess their effectiveness. Simulation results show that the ZVD shaper has a better performance in oscillation reduction, with 81% and 76% reductions for the hook and payload oscillations, respectively. In addition, the ZVD provides the lowest mean average error by achieving 87% and 83% reductions in the hook and payload as compared to the case with an unshaped input. However, the NEM shaper provides less delay in the trolley response.
The IoV Meets Open RAN: An O-RAN-based IoV Architecture
Authors: Obeng Kobby , Syed Ariffin Prof. Ir. Ts. Dr. Sharifah Hafizah , Muhammed Nor Aishah
Published: December 2024

The race towards a better-connected world has led to innovations in network connectivity and the embedding of intelligence into various types of devices. Intelligent devices require an intelligent network infrastructure and design in order to reach their maximum potential. Recently, the concept of Open Radio Access Networks (Open RAN, O-RAN) has gained a lot of attention with the formation of the O-RAN Alliance which seeks to usher in the next phase of cellular network interoperability, intelligence and design. Another key concept that has emerged in recent years is the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) which has been described as a driver for next generation Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). This paper proposes an architecture that brings together these two concepts and explores how the design principles of the O-RAN can be incorporated into the IoV by using a bottom-up approach. It also discusses the benefits of an O-RAN-based IoV, some perceived challenges with its implementation and the way forward.
The mechanisms of electrical neuromodulation
Authors: Balbinot Gustavo , Milosevic Matija , Morshead Cindi M. , Iwasa Stephanie N. , Zariffa Jose , Milosevic Luka , Valiante Taufik A. , Hoffer Joaquín Andrés , Popovic Milos R.
Published: December 2024

The central and peripheral nervous systems are specialized to conduct electrical currents that underlie behaviour. When this multidimensional electrical system is disrupted by degeneration, damage, or disuse, externally applied electrical currents may act to modulate neural structures and provide therapeutic benefit. The administration of electrical stimulation can exert precise and multi‐faceted effects at cellular, circuit and systems levels to restore or enhance the functionality of the central nervous system by providing an access route to target specific cells, fibres of passage, neurotransmitter systems, and/or afferent/efferent communication to enable positive changes in behaviour. Here we examine the neural mechanisms that are thought to underlie the therapeutic effects seen with current neuromodulation technologies. To gain further insights into the mechanisms associated with electrical stimulation, we summarize recent findings from genetic dissection studies conducted in animal models.

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Key points

Electricity is everywhere around us and is essential for how our nerves communicate within our bodies.

When nerves are damaged or not working properly, using exogenous electricity can help improve their function at distinct levels – inside individual cells, within neural circuits, and across entire systems.

This method can be tailored to target specific types of cells, nerve fibres, neurotransmitters and communication pathways, offering significant therapeutic potential.

This overview explains how exogenous electricity affects nerve function and its potential benefits, based on research in animal studies.

Understanding these effects is important because electrical neuromodulation plays a key role in medical treatments for neurological conditions.
Quantum private set intersection with correlated sum using single photons
Authors: Lu Yaohua , Ding Gangyi
Published: December 2024

Secure multi-party computation (SMC) enables multiple parties to collaboratively perform computational tasks without revealing their private data. A specific application scenario within SMC is Private Set Intersection with Correlated Sum (PSI-CS), where two participating parties compute the sum of associated elements in their intersection while preserving the privacy of their individual sets. This problem arises in various contexts, including calculating conversion amounts between suppliers and platforms, such as advertising conversion amounts and agency business conversion amounts. The paper proposes a protocol that employs quantum single-photon technology to compute the PSI-CS, provides four technical solutions suitable for various scenarios ranging from small to large data volumes, sparse to dense datasets, and without revealing the cardinality of the intersection. Additionally, the method extends to computing the union set with correlated sums. We experimentally validate the proposed protocol, conduct correctness and security analyses, and demonstrate its practical significance and application value. By utilizing single-photon technology, quantum gate operations, and measurements become more accessible, simplifying the protocol’s implementation. Notably, our approach provides unconditional security against quantum computational attacks, representing a substantial improvement in both efficiency and practical applicability compared to classical domain protocols.
Improvement of UV-photodetector using nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation in liquid: A review
Authors: Alharbi Abdullah Marzouq , Azhar A. R. , Ahmed Naser M. , Azman Nurul Zahirah Noor , Almessiere Munirah A. , Mahmood Mohammed Salman
Published: December 2024

Laser ablation in liquid (LAL) has emerged over the past decade as a powerful technique for the synthesis of nanomaterials and the fabrication of functional nanostructures. Its ability to tackle diverse challenges in nanotechnology highlights its growing significance. This review systematically evaluates recent advancements in LAL, focusing on the synthesis of nanocrystals and nanostructures. We begin by outlining the fundamental principles of the LAL process, with particular attention to critical laser parameters such as pulse wavelength, duration, pulse width, repetition rate, energy density (fluence) and the characteristics of the ablation medium. The review then explores the mechanisms that govern nanoparticle formation, with an emphasis on the control of particle shape and size during synthesis. Recent studies on LAL-generated nanomaterials, including bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and germanium nanoparticles (Ge NPs), are discussed, highlighting their applications in ultraviolet photodetection. Key advantages of LAL, along with its limitations, are critically assessed, and potential strategies for overcoming these challenges are proposed. We conclude by identifying future research directions that will help advance the application of LAL in nanotechnology, particularly in the field of UV photodetectors.
Biomedical uses of Casson blood nanofluid with gold nanotubes: Mathematical modeling of blood flow in porous arteries
Authors: Pandey Pragya , Aly Abdelraheem M. , Sangeetha S.
Published: December 2024

Gold nanoparticles (1–100[Formula: see text]nm) are minute particles and are safer to disperse into blood to deal with many internal ailments. Magnetized gold nanoparticles with their promising effect in biomedicines are the epicenter of research for many scientists. This study is an attempt to apply nanomaterials in the field of bio-medicine. Particularly, the study surrounds around heat and mass transfer property of blood nanofluid in porous artery of narrow diameter. This work involves modeling a layer of gold nanoparticles in blood flow along porous surface as well as effect of reaction. Flow of blood is assumed to be non-Newtonian (in vessels of small diameter). Magnetic effect is also clubbed with the study. Standard procedure of reducing equations is used. Nanoparticles’ layering concentration in the range of 2–9% delivers noticeable effects on conduction of heat and performance of blood flow. Numerical solution was obtained by MATLAB after shooting an appropriate guess. Accounting effect of layering of nanoparticle on Casson parameter leaves a noticeable impact on results. Graphical plots are used to extract impact of each parameter on heat conduction and velocity of the blood. The findings threw light on importance of magnetic parameters in relocating heat. The increase in thickness of layer of nanoparticle from 2[Formula: see text]nm to 6[Formula: see text]nm, increased heat conductivity and performance significantly. The information from this work can be basis of novel method of treatment in medical field and can deliver the base for future experimentation.
Computational modeling of triangular γ-graphyne using advanced topological methods
Authors: Hakeem Abdul , Katbar Nek Muhammad , Chohan Rozina , Ullah Asad , Zaman Shahid , Shaikh Hisamuddin
Published: December 2024

Modeling and computation of molecular descriptors play a crucial role in understanding the properties and characteristics of novel materials like [Formula: see text]-graphyne, the next-generation wonder material. Triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne is an intriguing two-dimensional carbon-based material with diverse potential applications due to its unique electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties. Triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne, a distinctive form of carbon allotrope, has garnered substantial interest as a result of its extraordinary characteristics. The notable value lies in its ability to be utilized in diverse domains for potential applications. The interconnected mesh structure of Triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne exhibits exceptional mechanical strength and exceptional electron-transporting properties. This makes it a promising material for the development of high-performance electronic devices, such as transistors and sensors. Furthermore, gamma graphyne possesses excellent thermal stability, which makes it suitable for applications in the field of energy storage and conversion. It has the potential to be used as a catalyst in fuel cells or as an electrode material in supercapacitors. In this study, we utilize graph theory to dissect the molecular structure of triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne, leading to the derivation of specific mathematical formulas for essential degree-based molecular characteristics. These findings can be instrumental in examining the correlations between the structure and properties of [Formula: see text]-graphyne. This paper focuses on two structures made from hexagonal honeycomb graphite lattices, like triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne and triangular [Formula: see text]-graphyne chains with respect to some degree-based topological indices. The results obtained will aid in the investigation of the structure-property relationships in [Formula: see text]-graphyne.
Self-Configuring Knowledge Graph-Based BiLSTM Classifier with Bat–Harris Optimization For Sentiment Lexicon
Authors: Shruti Tanya , Lakhwani Kamlesh
Published: December 2024

Sentiment Lexicon (SL) is utilized to extract feedback from a large amount of data, which encompass numerous words, in which a few words contain various semantic definitions in various fields, which is called domain-specific (DS) language, and every word under its domain is demonstrated very significantly as their definition varies from one another. Therefore, this research proposes a Self-configuring knowledge graph-based BiLSTM Classifier with Bat–Harris optimization to determine the accurate sentiment from the comment or text message as well as compute whether it is positive, negative, or neutral, by utilizing the feature extraction process which includes Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), as well as Hybrid word2vec features, and finally detect the sentiment polarity of text. The experimental results which are depending on the performance metrics show that the developed model is improved compared to the prior method, in which the rate of accuracy of the developed scheme on TP 90 is 93.40% and 94.29%, whereas the sensitivity attains the value of 93.31%, and 94.20%, and finally, the specificity acquires the value of 93.68%, and 94.66% based on datasets 1 and 2.
Fuzzy (m,n)-Quasi-Hyperideals in Ordered Semihypergroups: A Novel Approach
Authors: Usmani Zainab , Mahboob Ahsan , Al-Tahan Madeleine , Khan Mohammad Aasim
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a novel methodology for exploring the structure of ordered semihypergroups through the lens of fuzzy logic, with a particular focus on the classification and properties of fuzzy [Formula: see text]-quasi-hyperideals. In this regard, we first explore some properties of [Formula: see text]-quasi-hyperideals of ordered semihypergroups. Then we extend this notion to fuzzy [Formula: see text]-quasi-hyperideals of ordered semihypergroups. More precisely, we investigate their properties, provide nontrivial examples, and connect them to [Formula: see text]-quasi-hyperideals through level sets and characteristic function.
Systematic Dynamical Analysis in Palatini f(R) Gravity
Authors: Saeed Fizza , Iftikhar Sehrish , Manzoor Rubab
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to explore the evolution of the universe in the background of Palatini f(R) gravity. Considering Amendola Gannouji Polarski Tsujikawa (AGPT) f(R) gravity model, we perform a dynamical system analysis within the FLRW universe in order to analyze the impacts of this gravity model on large‐scale structure and dynamics of universe. With the aid of fixed points and eigenvalues, stability properties are analyzed to study long term behavior of universe. For analyzing the feasibility of different phases of universe, the equation of state parameter ωeff was utilized. We found that for the f(R) model under consideration, the results correspond to both of the early as well as the late time epochs for the said f(R) model.
Comparative Analysis of ANFIS and State‐ANFIS for Forecasting Cooking Oil Prices Based on Processed Palm Oil Yield (Crude Palm Oil)
Authors: Ulama Brodjol Sutijo Suprih , Hibatullah Fausania , Habibi Mochammad Reza , Makkulau
Published: December 2024

The adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is widely employed in modeling intricate systems, especially in forecasting cooking oil prices. However, ANFIS confronts limitations stemming from backpropagation, prompting the exploration of alternatives like particle swarm optimization (PSO). Hybrid PSO‐ANFIS models exhibit enhanced forecasting accuracy, albeit at the expense of increased computational time. Nonetheless, both ANFIS and hybrid PSO‐ANFIS encounter challenges in handling dynamic relationships influenced by macroeconomic factors. To address these issues, the development of the State‐ANFIS (S‐ANFIS) method integrates regime‐switching models, enhancing its capability to manage dynamic relationships. Particularly effective in cooking oil price prediction, S‐ANFIS clarifies the impact of external variables and improves forecast accuracy and interpretability by combining ANFIS with state‐space models. Our analysis underscores S‐ANFIS’s superiority over ANFIS, particularly with Gaussian membership functions, as it reduces RMSE and MAPE values by half while requiring fewer nodes, thereby improving computational efficiency. Additionally, integrating key state variables like crude palm oil (CPO) prices, inflation rates, and the USD exchange rate enhances the reliability of the model. Overall, S‐ANFIS offers a more accurate, interpretable, and efficient approach to forecasting cooking oil prices, demonstrating superior predictive capabilities.
Use of the Hyperbaric Chamber Versus Conventional Treatment for the Prevention of Amputation in Chronic Diabetic Foot and the Influence on Fitting and Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Apolo-Arenas María Dolores , Guerrero-Nogales Laura , Díaz-Muñoz César Luis , Caro-Puértolas Berta , Parraca José Alberto , Caña-Pino Alejandro
Published: December 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic endocrine diseases, characterized by hyperglycemia, due to abnormal nitric oxide synthesis. The trend of an increase in the number of patients with DM continues. The medical and economic burden of DM is not only associated with hyperglycemia management but also with the management of DM‐related complications. Most chronic DM–associated complications are vascular in nature. Thus, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can be used for primary and/or secondary prevention of vascular complications. This systematic review is aimed at providing an up‐to‐date analysis of the effects of HBOT in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) on the prevention of amputation, fitting, and rehabilitation of amputees. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to conduct this systematic review. PubMed and Web of Science (WOS) database were employed in the search, which ended in November 2023. A risk of bias analysis was performed using the Evidence Project tool. After analyzing the records obtained, 10 studies were identified. However, seven fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. All included patients were over 18 years of age and had DM. The degree of DFU was assessed with the Wagner scale, being between 2 and 4, and the age of previous treatment of these DFU was taken into account. The results of the current systematic review showed that significant improvements can be achieved with HBOT when comparing its effects to those of the control group that followed usual care. Most studies included in the review showed positive results for DFU, amputation prevention, fitting, and rehabilitation of amputees. Therefore, the use of a hyperbaric chamber and standard care, as opposed to standard care alone, is favorable in patients with chronic DFUs. Promising and positive results were achieved for wound healing in DFU and the prevention of amputations.
The Utilization of Natural Language Processing for Analyzing Social Media Data in Nursing Research: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wang Zhenrong , Ma Yulin , Song Yuanyuan , Huang Yao , Liang Guopeng , Zhong Xi
Published: December 2024

Aim: This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize the evidence in existing nursing studies that used natural language processing to analyze social media data, and the relevant procedures, techniques, tools, and ethical issues.

Background: Social media has widely integrated into both everyday life and the nursing profession, resulting in the accumulation of extensive nursing‐related social media data. The analysis of such data facilitates the generation of evidence thereby aiding in the formation of better policies. Natural language processing has emerged as a promising methodology for analyzing social media data in the field of nursing. However, the extent of natural language processing applications in analyzing nursing‐related social media data remains unknown.

Evaluation: A scoping review was conducted. PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and IEEE Xplore were searched. Studies were screened based on inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted and summarized using a descriptive approach.

Key Issues: In total, 38 studies were included for the final analysis. Topic modeling and sentiment analysis were the most frequently employed natural language processing techniques. The most used topic modeling algorithm was latent Dirichlet allocation. The dictionary‐based approach was the most utilized sentiment analysis approach, and the National Research Council Sentiment and Emotion Lexicons was the most used sentiment dictionary. Natural language processing tools such as Python (NLTK, Jieba, spaCy, and KoNLP library) and R (LDAvis, Jaccard, ldatuning, and SentiWordNet packages) were documented. A significant proportion of the included studies did not obtain ethical approval and did not conduct data anonymization on social media users’ information.

Conclusion: This scoping review summarized the extent of natural language processing techniques adoption in nursing and relevant procedures and tools, offering valuable resources for researchers who are interested in discovering knowledge from social media data. The study also highlighted that the application of natural language processing for analyzing nursing‐related social media data is still emerging, indicating opportunities for future methodological improvements.

Implications for Nursing Management: There is a need for a standardized management framework for conducting and reporting studies using natural language processing techniques in the analysis of nursing‐related social media data. The findings could inform the development of regulatory policies by nursing authorities.
Validez y confiabilidad del instrumento de evaluación docente en las residencias médicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Authors: Hamui-Sutton Liz , Fuentes-García Ruth , Zepeda-Gutiérrez Ivonne
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La Evaluación Docente (ED) permite a los residentes apreciar la calidad de la enseñanza recibida en su formación profesional. Los cuestionarios de opinión son una herramienta efectiva para identificar fortalezas y áreas de mejora de los docentes. La validez y la confiabilidad de estos instrumentos son fundamentales para asegurar la precisión y utilidad de los datos.
Materiales y Métodos Se rediseño el instrumento de ED utilizado en el Plan Único de Especializaciones Médicas, consta de 6 apartados, 4 dimensiones y se añadió una sección sobre el tiempo que dedican los profesores a la clínica, a las clases en el aula y a las tutorías. En el ciclo 2022-2023 se generaron 32,294 cuestionarios que fueron considerados en los análisis estadísticos realizados.
Resultados El tiempo promedio dedicado por los profesores a actividades clínicas fue del 48.35%, en el aula 25.33% y en las tutorías 26.32%. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach fue 0.99 y el análisis factorial confirmatorio identificó cuatro factores que explican el 89.3% de la variabilidad del cuestionario.
Discusión: Los resultados indicaron que los profesores fueron mejor evaluados en profesionalismo, actualización de conocimientos y calidad de la evaluación del aprendizaje, en cambio, el uso de tecnología educativa fue identificado como área de oportunidad. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas según género, las docentes mujeres resultaron mejor evaluadas que los hombres; por el tipo de nombramiento, pues los profesores titulares fueron mejor calificados que los adjuntos; y por especialidades con evaluaciones más altas en las que combinan lo médico con lo quirúrgico.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Tumor Expression of CD83 Reduces Glioma Progression and Is Associated with Reduced Immunosuppression
Authors: McDonald Malcolm F. , Curry Rachel Naomi , O’Reilly Isabella , Lozzi Brittney , Cervantes Alexis , Lee Zhung-Fu , Rosenbaum Anna , He Peihao , Mohila Carrie , Harmanci Arif O. , Serin Harmanci Akdes , Deneen Benjamin , Rao Ganesh
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 3.
Supplementary Figure 1. from Tumor Expression of CD83 Reduces Glioma Progression and Is Associated with Reduced Immunosuppression
Authors: McDonald Malcolm F. , Curry Rachel Naomi , O’Reilly Isabella , Lozzi Brittney , Cervantes Alexis , Lee Zhung-Fu , Rosenbaum Anna , He Peihao , Mohila Carrie , Harmanci Arif O. , Serin Harmanci Akdes , Deneen Benjamin , Rao Ganesh
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure 1
Figure 3 from Tumor Expression of CD83 Reduces Glioma Progression and Is Associated with Reduced Immunosuppression
Authors: McDonald Malcolm F. , Curry Rachel Naomi , O’Reilly Isabella , Lozzi Brittney , Cervantes Alexis , Lee Zhung-Fu , Rosenbaum Anna , He Peihao , Mohila Carrie , Harmanci Arif O. , Serin Harmanci Akdes , Deneen Benjamin , Rao Ganesh
Published: December 2024

CD83 gene signature related to tumor survival, reduced immunosuppressive response signatures, and enhanced antitumor response gene signatures. Expression of CD83 in scRNA-seq from pB-IUE CD83OE compared with control pB-IUE tumors (A). EnrichR analysis of the identified DEGs enriched in CD83+ tumor cells (B). Kaplan–Meier survival of TCGA IDHWT GBM of tumors with high CD83 gene scoring compared with low CD83 gene scoring (median = 19.9 months vs. 12.9 months, P value = 0.027; C). Kaplan–Meier survival of IDHmut low-grade gliomas with high CD83 gene scoring compared with low CD83 gene scoring (median OS = 202.8 months vs. 84.7 months, P value = 0.0022; D). Heatmap of CD83 gene scoring and immune expression gene profiles (E). Immunosuppressive gene sets vs. CD83 gene score showing an inverse relationship between CD83 signature and regulatory T cell (R = −0.65; P = 0.0034), TAM (R = −0.79; P = 0.00011), and PD-1–PD-L1 (R = −0.73; P = 0.00053) gene signatures in our 12 human glioma single-cell samples (F). Antitumor response gene sets vs. CD83 gene score showing a direct relationship between CD83 signature and CD8 T cell (R = 0.58; P = 0.012), central memory T cell (R = 0.57; P = 0.013), and Th cell (R = 0.45; P = 0.064) gene signatures in our 12 human glioma single-cell samples (G). *, P value < 0.05; **, P value < 0.01. (Created with Biorender.com.)
Safety and efficacy of tacrolimus ointment alone in the treatment of pediatric vitiligo: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alshaikh Alshaymaa Abdulrahman , Alshaikh Joud Abdulrahman , Alatawi Hind
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Vitiligo, a skin disorder affecting melanocytes, poses treatment challenges. There is a need to investigate the role of Tacrolimus in pediatric cases for its efficacy and safety. The present study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus ointment in treating pediatric vitiligo patients.
Methods: A review study was conducted and a literature search was done on 2nd August 2023, by using the words "vitiligo" and "tacrolimus" through five databases including PubMed. We found 8 studies from 930 records.
Results: The rates of excellent, moderate, mild, minimal improvement, and no response were 29% (95%CI: 16-47), 26% (95%CI: 19-35) 28% (95%CI: 20-37), 19% (95%CI: 12-29) and 8% (95%CI: 2-25). No systemic side effects were reported. The overall prevalence of local side effects was 14% (95%CI: 7-24). Burning sensation prevalence was 11% (95%CI: 7-18) while pruritus prevalence was 9% (95%CI: 2-33). Study limitations encompassed varied vitiligo sites, patient demographics, and follow-up durations, lacked comparative treatment data, and necessitated further research on combined therapies, especially in pediatric cases.
Conclusion: Tacrolimus showed good efficacy regarding the re-pigmentation improvement in pediatric vitiligo patients. Furthermore, no systemic side effects were reported and local side effects were minimal mainly in the form of a burning sensation and pruritis.
A TMEM260 biallelic deletion underlies truncus arteriosus
Authors: Enomoto Yumi , Naruto Takuya , Mitsui Jun , Ueda Hideaki , Kurosawa Kenji
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Truncus arteriosus (TA) is a life-threatening cardiovascular anomaly involving a ventricular septal defect and a common ventricular outflow tract. Recently, biallelic variants in TMEM260 have been identified as causative for Structural Heart Defects and Renal Anomalies syndrome (SHDRA, MIM 617478), which includes TA. Approximately 30 patients with SHDRA have been reported, but the genotype–phenotype correlation remains unclear. Founder variants have been identified in patients of East Asian and Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. Case Presentation: The male infant, the third child of unrelated Japanese parents, was prenatally diagnosed with TA via detailed ultrasound examination. His older sister also had TA and died at 20 days of age. Despite intensive cardiorespiratory care, the patient passed away at 53 days due to heart failure. Genetic analysis identified a homozygous deletion of TMEM260 exons 6 and 7, resulting from a 7066 bp deletion with a 1 bp insertion, inherited from heterozygous parents. This deletion is included in the structural variation dataset with an allele frequency of 0.00173 (29/8380) in ToMMo 8.3K JPN-SV. Discussion: This is the first familial TA caused by a biallelic structural variation in TMEM260. The 7066-bp deletion shows a high allele frequency in the Japanese population. These findings support the idea that this TMEM260 deletion may be a significant cause of TA and should therefore be considered alongside the previously known c.1617del variant as a potential causative factor.
Development of E-Modul Assisted with Software Unity on Trade Receivables Materials for Class XI AKL at SMKN 1 Jember
Authors: Damayanti Devi , Sedyati Retna Ngesti , Herlindawati Dwi
Published: December 2024

Digital technology is experiencing very rapid development in all aspects of life, including the educational aspect. This means that teachers must be able to keep up with technological advances. One thing teachers can do is develop and adapt learning materials, for example by developing teaching materials that are integrated with digital technology. However, in reality teachers often experience obstacles in developing teaching materials. One of them, like the phenomenon at SMKN 1 Jember, is that teachers have limi-tations in developing technology-integrated teaching materials. XI AKL 1 students still use text-based textbooks which are still too monotonous and the textbook material is no longer relevant to the learning objectives. So other alternative teaching materials are needed to support learning. The aim of this research is to produce a product in the form of a financial ac-counting e-module assisted by Unity software on accounts receivable ma-terial that is appropriate in terms of content/material, presentation and graphics for class XI AKL at SMKN 1 Jember. This development research uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) development model. The research trial subjects consisted of expert validators and the trial targets, namely class XI AKL 1 students. The data collection technique used a questionnaire which was then analyzed using a Likert scale. The results of the analysis from validating the feasibil-ity of the e-module showed that the feasibility of the content/material was 96. 6 % and the validation of the feasibility of presentation and graphics was 86%. Then the analysis results from the student response test ob-tained a score of 95%. From these results, the e-module is very suitable for use as an alternative teaching material in financial accounting learning ac-tivities. The conclusion from this development research is that the e-module product developed is very suitable for use in learning, the e-module makes it easier for students to understand the material, increases stu-dents' enthusiasm in reading learning material, and raises students' enthu-siasm for learning.
Examining the Use of Smartphone Apps for Bridging Theory and Practice in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Herien Yelly , Mansur Arif Rohman , Sari Ira Mulya , Farlina Mutia
Published: December 2024

The use of smartphone apps or mobile applications has been widely adopted in medical and nursing practices across hospital, health center, and community settings. However, from an academic perspective, par-ticularly in terms of clinical skill proficiency, their use remains limited. This study aimed to systematically synthesize the available literature on smartphone applications and their specific features that can enhance knowledge (theory) and skills (laboratory practice) in undergraduate nursing education. The research findings could serve as the basis for de-veloping the KesPro-P app for laboratory practice in reproductive health nursing at Universitas Andalas. A computerized search was conducted using the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and EBSCOhost databases to identify relevant primary studies published between 2013 and 2023. A total of 10 eligible studies were identified from 431 potentially relevant articles. Six applications were found to be suitable for laboratory practice as they include standard nursing practice procedures. Seven applications were shown to assess changes in students' knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and confidence levels in clinical skills. In almost all of these aspects, smartphone applications scored higher compared to conventional learn-ing methods. By focusing on specific content and incorporating case stud-ies that closely resemble real-world scenarios, the use of smartphone applications proves to be highly effective in helping nursing students de-velop practical and theoretical competencies.
РОЛЬ МІКРОБІОМУ В ПАТОГЕНЕЗІ ІНФЕКЦІЙНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ
Authors: Широбоков В. П. , Димент Г. С.
Published: December 2024

Огляд присвячений аналізу сучасних уявлень про природну мікробіоту людини (мікробіом) як ключову детермінанту, відповідальну за підтримку здоров’я або розвиток широкого спектру захворювань, включаючи інфекційні хвороби.
Останніми роками отримано безліч переконливих доказів величезного потенціалу дії мікробіому на різні процеси функціонування організму людини. Ґрунтуючись на цих даних, фахівці розглядають мікробіом як додатковий орган людини, який, активно беручи участь у травленні, управлінні метаболічними процесами, підтримці цілісності епітеліального бар’єру, розвитку і зміцненні імунної системи і низки інших фізіологічних функцій, оптимізує умови для нормальної життєдіяльності організму людини загалом. В огляді приділена увага участі симбіонтних мікроорганізмів у захисті організму людини від інфекцій. Представлено сучасний погляд на стратегію взаємодії мікробіому зі збудниками інфекційних хвороб. Здійснений аналіз результатів досліджень, що стосуються доцільності використання пробіотиків та інших засобів оздоровлення мікробіому в лікуванні хворих з інфекційною патологією.
ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АНТИВІРУСНИХ БІЛКІВ ТА СИСТЕМИ CRISPR-CAS У ЛІКУВАННІ ХВОРИХ НА ВІЛ-ІНФЕКЦІЮ
Authors: Бігуняк Т. В. , Сідельник Н. Я. , Вашковець А. А.
Published: December 2024

ВІЛ-інфекція – це соціально небезпечне інфекційне захворювання, що розвивається внаслідок довготривалого персистування вірусу в лімфоцитах, макрофагах і клітинах нервової тканини. Хвороба характеризується прогресуючою дисфункцією імунної, нервової, лімфатичної та інших систем організму. Термінальною стадією є синдром набутого імунного дефіциту (СНІД), при якому імунна система організму втрачає можливість захищати хворого від ВІЛ-асоційованих захворювань. Без лікування смерть від СНІДу настає у 100 % випадків.
Досі немає ефективних вакцин і ліків від ВІЛ-інфекції. Комбінована антиретровірусна терапія (АРТ) є стандартом лікування. Основна перешкода у лікуванні хворих на ВІЛ-інфекцію, у тому числі АРТ, – це наявність резервуарів ВІЛ, які можуть активуватися після припинення терапії.
Альтернативними та обнадійливими методами терапії таких хворих є редагування генів за допомогою білків APOBEC3, BST-2/Tetherin та системи CRISPR-Cas.
ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МІКРОБІОМУ ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Климнюк С. І. , Романюк Л. Б.
Published: December 2024

Наведено приклади використання сучасних методів дослідження мікробіому людини, зокрема транскриптоміки, метагеноміки та метабіоміки, які базуються на розшифруванні геномів мікроорганізмів, що дозволяють оцінити видовий склад мікробіоти певного біотопу організму людини без виділення чистих культур.
Наведено історичний екскурс дослідження людського мікробіому і внесок вітчизняних та іноземних дослідників у розвиток знань про мікробіом.
Ґрунтовно описані функції, які виконує людський мікробіом у процесі життєдіяльності макроорганізму та його вплив на ефективність роботи численних органів і систем макроорганізму, зокрема системи імунітету.
Показано роль мікробного благополуччя організму майбутньої матері у формуванні неонатальної мікробіоти та її здатності виконувати ключові функції в організмі малюка.
Розглядається біосоціологічне значення мікробних симбіонтів та їх зв’язок із соціально-психологічним «кліматом».
В огляді вказується на важливості стабільного складу мікробіому людини і чинниках, що можуть на нього вплинути, тим самим спричиняючи негативні впливи на організм в цілому. Охарактеризовано деякі особливості мікробного пейзажу найбільш значущих біотопів людини.
Робота розширює уявлення практикуючих спеціалістів усіх галузей медицини про склад мікробіому людини, роль мікроорганізмів у фізіологічному функціонуванні організму людини та їх значення у виникненні патологічних станів різної локалізації і можливості профілактики цих станів шляхом оздоровлення мікробіому людини.
ВЕЛИЧКО М. В. БІОЛОГІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА ТА БІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЗАХИСТ ЯК СКЛАДОВІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ / М. В. ВЕЛИЧКО ; ЕКОГІНТОКС МОЗ УКРАЇНИ ; НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ «ОСТРОЗЬКА АКАДЕМІЯ». – ЧЕРНІВЦІ : ДРУК АРТ, 2024. – 272 С.
Authors: Андрейчин М. А.
Published: December 2024

Монографія написана на актуальну тему. У ній вперше висвітлено наявні системи біологічної безпеки і біологічного захисту в різних державах, тенденції щодо їх вдосконалення, роль у цьому Інтерполу та інформування правоохоронних органів. Окремий розділ присвячено аналізу теперішньої системи біологічної безпеки та біологічного захисту в Україні, шляхам удосконалення її з використанням міжнародного досвіду, врахуванням принципу «єдиного здоров’я» на період до 2025 року s рішення Ради національної безпеки та оборони від 15 жовтня 2021 року № 668, а також у наступні строки. Монографія написана в доступній формі, матеріал подано чітко та логічно, з належною аргументацією основних положень і висновків. Видання буде корисним для працівників Служби безпеки України, правоохоронних органів, студентів правових, природничих і медичних спеціальностей вищих навчальних закладів.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФАРМАКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ДІЇ ЕКСТРАКТУ ТРАВИ TAGETES PATULA L ЗА УМОВ СТРЕПТОЗОТОЦИНОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ У ЩУРІВ
Authors: Цубанова Н. А. , Волощук Н. І. , Галевич Г. Б.
Published: December 2024

РЕЗЮМЕ. Цукровий діабет 2-го типу (ЦД 2) є однією з найважливіших медико-соціальних проблем в усьому світі через щорічне збільшення кількості хворих на ЦД 2, прогредієнтний перебіг захворювання, тяжкість ускладнень, обмежений асортимент лікарських препаратів. За даними міжнародних досліджень, значну частку клінічних випадків пов’язують із попереднім ураженням підшлункової залози лікарськими засобами. Перспективним об’єктом для зниження токсичної дії деяких лікарських засобів на підшлункову залозу можна вважати лікарську рослинну сировину із антиоксидантною та цитопротекторною дією.
Метою нашої роботи було оцінити вплив екстракту трави Tagetes Patula L на зміну клінічних та біохімічних показників за умов стрептозотоцинового діабету.
Матеріал і методи. Експериментальний цукровий діабет у щурів моделювали однократним внутрішньочеревним введенням стрептозотоцину (55 мг/кг) на тлі гіперкалорійної дієти. Досліджуваний cухий екстракт трави чорнобривців розлогих (ЕТЧР) та референс-препарати вводили у дозах 25, 25 та 0,6 мг/кг відповідно. Визначали динаміку маси тіла тварин, вміст глюкози, інсуліну, глікозильованого гемоглобіну (HbА1с), ТБК-реактантів, відновленого глутатіону, каталази, маркери ліпідного обміну (холестерол, тригліцериди). Отримані результати обраховували методами дескрипційної статистики, вірогідними вважали відмінності при p<0,05.
Результати. За умов експериментального стрептозотоцинового діабету ЕТЧР нормалізує масу тіла тварин, вірогідно зменшує гіперглікемію (в 1,2 раза, HbА1с у 1,1 раза, інсуліну в 1,4 раза), нормалізує показники ліпідного обміну (знижує рівні тригліцеридів у 1,2 раза, холестеролу в 2,1 раза, зменшує прояви оксидативного стресу (знижує вміст ТБК-реактантів на 61 %) та нормалізує ендогенний антиоксидантний захист (підвищує активність каталази на 48,1 %, вміст вільного глутатіону на 73,2 %) відносно показників нелікованих тварин.
Висновки. ЕТЧР чинить значну антидіабетичну дію за умов стрептозотоцинового діабету. За досліджуваною фармакологічною активністю ЕТЧР перевищує дію препарату порівняння Силімарину, за здатністю нормалізувати показники ліпідного обміну та антиоксидантною дією перевищує ефективність глібенкламіду.