bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender peculiarities of clinical and instrumental indexes in patients with acute Q-wave myocardial infarction after primary coronary intervention
Authors: Savchenko Yu. V. , Kyselov S. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim: to determine gender differences in the course of acute Q-wave myocardial infarction in patients after primary coronary intervention.
Materials and methods. Results of clinical and instrumental examination of 58 patients with acute Q-wave myocardial infarction were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to gender: group 1 (n = 33) – men, mean age 61.0 (55.0; 69.0) years, group 2 (n = 25) – women, mean age 69.0 (63.0; 78.0) years. All the patients underwent coronary angiography followed by angioplasty and stenting of the infarct-dependent coronary artery.
Results. In men, the number of leukocytes was significantly higher (by 24.7 %, P = 0.02) and the plasma level of low-density lipoproteins was significantly lower (by 30.9 %, P = 0.007), there was a tendency towards a higher concentration of creatine kinase-MB (by 41.0 %, P = 0.11) at the time of hospital admission as compared to women. Women showed significantly increased thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle (LV) (by 7.31 %, P = 0.02) and a tendency towards the prevalence of the interventricular septum wall thickness (by 7.46 %, P = 0.1). The LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions tended to prevail in men (by 2.41 %, P = 0.47 and by 7.81 %, P = 0.19, respectively). Men were found to have a lower peak A rate (by 23.37 %, P = 0.007), a higher E/A ratio (by 52.27 %, P = 0.009), LV diastolic dysfunction (DD) occurred less frequently (χ2 = 2.89, P = 0.08), and there was a tendency to develop eccentric LV hypertrophy (χ2 = 2.39, P = 0.12) and type 2 LV DD (χ2 = 3.82, P = 0.07). Type 1 DD was more common in women (χ2 = 5.71, P = 0.02). In men, there was a tendency to the formation of zones of LV akinesia (χ2 = 2.5, P = 0.09) and decreased LV ejection fraction (χ2 = 1.57, P = 0.31).
Conclusions. In the acute period of Q-wave myocardial infarction after revascularization, in men, unlike in women, systolic dysfunction is developed more often. It is accompanied by acute left ventricular failure, eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy and type 2 diastolic dysfunction formation as well as signs of systemic inflammation. In women, in the acute period of Q-wave myocardial infarction after revascularization, concentric left ventricular remodeling occurs more frequently and is accompanied by type 1 left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
The role of the macrophage polarization type in the pathogenesis of endometrioid disease
Authors: Orlova Y. А. , Gromova A. М. , Akimov O. Ye. , Ketova O. М.
Published: January 2022

Endometriosis today occupies one of the leading places in the structure of general gynecological pathology. Theories of the onset and progression of this disease are controversial. One of the most widespread theories is the assumption that endometriosis is a disease of macrophages. The question of which the macrophage phenotype, M1 or M2, is the leading one, however, remains controversial.
The aim. To determine the type of macrophage polarization (M1/M2) and the quantitative activity of their marker enzymes (iNos/Arg1) in the endometrium and peritoneal fluid in endometrioid disease.
Materials and methods. The total number of reproductive age (30.95±6.49) women enrolled in the study was 80. The main group consisted of 50 women with endometrioid disease. The control group included 30 women without signs of endometrioid disease. Women from the main group (n=24) and the control group (n=27) underwent endometrial sampling using an intrauterine Pipelle catheter in the first phase of the menstrual cycle before a surgery. During laparoscopic or laparotomy approaches, peritoneal fluid was taken (in the main group n=24, in the control group n=28). The type of macrophage polarization (M1 or M2) was determined based on the ratio of marker enzymes (Arg1, iNos) activity in each patient using a spectrophotometric method in the endometrium and peritoneal fluid. The polarization to the M1 phenotype was determined at iNos>Arg1, and at Arg1>iNos– the polarization to the M2 phenotype.
Results. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in women with endometrioid disease, pelvic adhesions were much more common, 84.0% versus 46.7% in women without it, and especially 3 and 4 degree of severity (P<0.05). When assessing the type of macrophages in the peritoneal fluid, a significantly greater number of the main group women had the M2 phenotype of macrophage polarization compared to the control group (58.3% versus 28.6%, P=0.03). It was the macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype that influenced the severity of endometrioid disease, especially the 4 degree of severity. The mean values of the iNOS activity in the main group women, both in the peritoneal fluid and in the endometrium, significantly differed from those in the control group patients (by 1.73 and 1.77 times, respectively).
Conclusions. Thus, we can conclude that endometriosis is a disease, the development and progression of which is induced by the M2 phenotype of macrophages. Considering the increase in the mean levels of iNOS activity both in the peritoneal fluid and in the endometrium, it can be concluded that iNOS influences the pathogenesis of endometrioid disease.
Prognostic value of pharmacotherapy in patients with atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Brynza M. S. , Bilchenko O. V. , Makharynska O. S. , Shevchuk M. I.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work: to evaluate the prognostic effect of pharmacotherapy before and after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on all-cause mortality, supraventricular arrhythmia recurrence and non-fatal cardiovascular events.
Materials and methods. Patients with paroxysmal, persistent and long-term persistent forms of AF were examined before and after RFA – isolation of pulmonary veins. The primary endpoint was patient survival, secondary – a composite endpoint of freedom from recurrence and/or non-fatal cardiovascular events for 2 years of a follow-up. Frequency and doses of pharmacotherapy were evaluated. Standard statistical procedures were used for initial data evaluation.
Results. 116 patients were consecutively enrolled in the study. In the long-term post-ablation, 23 patients (19.8 %) continued to take amiodarone, 2 patients (1.7 %) – propafenone for arrhythmic events, 38 patients (32.8 %) needed anticoagulants, and 37 patients (31.9 %) received beta-adrenoceptor blockers over the entire follow-up period. The use of RAAS inhibitors decreased from 81.0 % before the ablation to 56.0 % in the long-term period following RFA. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the prolonged (more than 3 months) anticoagulation (P = 0.032) after RFA was an independent predictor of patient survival in the two-year follow-up; doses of anticoagulants before the procedure, use and doses of beta-adrenoceptor blockers in the long-term post-ablation period were associated with the secondary endpoint.
Conclusions. RFA for AF significantly reduced the frequency of medications use in the long-term postoperatively. Independent predictors of survival were the doses of anticoagulants more than 3 months after ablation, arrhythmia recurrence and non-fatal cardiovascular events – the doses of anticoagulants before the procedure, and the use and doses of beta-adrenoceptor blockers in the long-term period after RFA.
Specifics of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyin patients with altered anatomy of gastrointestinal tract (a literature review)
Authors: Klymenko A. V. , Steshenko A. O. , Tkachov V. S. , Sofilkanych M. M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work: analysis and integration of literature data regarding the technical and methodological implementation of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in altered anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract after gastric resection.
Results. World literature data convincingly indicate the need for a staged approach to performing endoscopic retrograde cho langiopancreatography in patients with altered anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract. Scientific works state that the main stages are detailed examination of a past surgical history in patients, careful selection of suitable endoscopic instruments, afferent limb intubation, papilla of Vater cannulation and papillary interventions. The article describes the existing endoscopic instruments, modern techniques and approaches, their advantages and disadvantages, and the influence of various factors on the success of their use in comparison with traditional techniques for various types of surgical reconstruction for each of the above stages. The length of the afferent limb is one of the main factors that affect the success rates of the procedure.
Conclusions. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with altered anatomy is complex and faces a number of challenges. Thanks to the development of special instruments and techniques, it can be performed even in patients with a long Roux-en-Y limb, reaching therapeutic success rates close to those in patients with normal anatomy, but this requires extensive experience of an endoscopist. There are currently no clear recommendations for the use of a particular technique; therefore the choice of the optimal strategy depends on the type of surgical reconstruction, surgeon skill level and endoscopy center facilities.
Ozone therapy as a component of a comprehensive rehabilitation program for patients after polysegmental pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV2 infection
Authors: Baranova I. B. , Gumeniuk A. F. , Semenenko A. I. , Iliuk I. A. , Osypenko I. P.
Published: January 2022

Aim: to analyze the effectiveness of intravenous ozone therapy in long COVID-19 patients experienced community-acquired polysegmental pneumonia (associated with SARS-CoV2 infection).
Materials and methods. The study involved 42 long COVID-19 individuals aged 41–82 years who underwent rehabilitation after community-acquired polysegmental pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV2 infection. The patients were examined and followed up subjectively (by the G. Borg and PCFS scales) and objectively (oxygen saturation, C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimer, urea and creatinine, 6-minute walk test).
All patients received similar medicamentous therapy, and combined intravenous ozone therapy was additionally prescribed to the main group patients (n = 21): an alternate-day infusion of 200 ml ozonized saline at a concentration of 20 mg/ml and major autohemotherapy (100 ml ozonized saline at a concentration of 30 mg/ml mixed with 100 ml of the patient’s blood), 10 sessions per treatment course.
Results. The integrated approach to the complex program of long COVID-19 treatment and rehabilitation for patients after pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV2 infection using intravenous ozone therapy has demonstrated its significant effectiveness based on the objective and subjective findings (P < 0.01).
Twice as many patients in the main group (n = 18) achieved endpoints of the study (absence of dyspnea, normalization of blood biochemical markers and oxygen saturation levels, restoration of exercise tolerance) as compared to the control group (n = 9).
Conclusions. The use of combined intravenous ozone therapy (alternating infusion of ozonized saline and ozonized saline mixed with the patient’s blood) in the rehabilitation program for patients after experienced community-acquired polysegmental pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV2 infection is pathogenetically substantiated, effective and cost-effective addition to complex health recovery tools.
Criteria for selection of patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation complicated by spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Ksenzov T. А. , Khyzhniak M. V. , Ksenzov A. Ю. , Tyshchenko V. О.
Published: January 2022

Aim – to evaluate clinical and instrumental correlation (MRI data) in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation complicated by spinal canal stenosis for optimizing the indications for differentiated surgical treatment.
Materials and methods. Clinical and neurological manifestations and MRI data in 80 patients (men – 36, women – 44), aged 27 to 72 years with a diagnosis of intervertebral disc herniation complicated by spinal canal stenosis were retrospectively analyzed. Depending on the size of the spinal canal, there were 2 groups: the first – with relative spinal canal stenosis (n = 20) – 75–100 mm2, and the second group – with absolute spinal canal stenosis (n = 60) – less than 75 mm2. We examined the correlation between the clinical and neurological presentations and MRI findings.
Results. Our retrospective analysis has found that the first group consisted mainly of younger patients (46 years) and with a mean intervertebral disc herniation of 8.35 mm, while the second group included older patients (51.7 years) and the mean size of intervertebral disc herniation was 7.3 mm. The group of relative spinal canal stenosis was dominated by patients with radiculopathy syndrome (70 %) and pain in one lower limb (85 %). Radiculoischemia syndrome (50 %), pain in both lower extremities (33 %), neurogenic intermittent claudication syndrome (46.6 %), knee reflex disorders (58.3 %), pelvic organ dysfunction (11.6 %) were more common in the second group of patients. In addition, the longest disease duration (more than 24 months) was observed among patients of this group. We have found a relationship between pain syndrome (according to VAS), muscle strength, the disease duration and the spinal canal area.
Conclusions. The correlation of clinical and instrumental methods of examination in patients with intervertebral disc herniation complicated by spinal canal stenosis allows the indications for differentiated surgery to be optimized.
COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine-related health disorders in combatants of Ukraine
Authors: Danilevska N. V.
Published: January 2022

Here we expand the existing knowledge about disorders associated with the COVID-19-related pandemic and quarantine. We show that the COVID-19-related pandemic and quarantine can reduce the combat effectiveness of the military, provoking a deterioration in the health of combatants and requires hospitalization.
Aim. Investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine on the health of Ukrainian combatants.
Material and methods. A study was conducted between March 12, 2020 and May 22, 2020 at the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, General and Medical Psychology, Narcology, and Sexology in Zaporizhzhia State Medical University and Zaporizhzhia military hospital (Ukraine). All combatants who were hospitalized during this period were examined. We analyzed medical records, anamnestic data, and performed psychopathological and psychological examinations of all patients.
Results. In 56 % of combatants hospitalized during high quarantine measures, the cause of health disorders is negative COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine-related thoughts that provoke stress. These stressful thoughts associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine provoke the development of hypertensive emergency (57 % vs 18 %), anxiety syndrome (29 %), dissociative [conversion] disorder (7 %), and exacerbate the negative effects of pre-pandemic diseases, namely, hypertension (43 % vs 27 %), somatoform autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system (29 %), panic disorder [episodic paroxysmal anxiety] (7 %), adjustment disorders (7 %), post-traumatic stress disorder (7 %).
Conclusions. Preventive measures need to be developed and applied to combatants to prevent their deteriorating health due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine stress
Biliary reflux after laparoscopic modified antireflux monoanastomotic gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Nikolaiev M. V.
Published: January 2022

Aim. Determination of biliary reflux in patients with morbid obesity after a single-anastomotic gastric bypass operation performed in the clinic's modification and according to the classical Roux-en-Y gastric bypass technique. Development of diagnostic criteria for biliary reflux
Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 36 patients with morbid obesity who underwent bypass surgery were studied. The patients are divided into two groups. Clinically modified laparoscopic monoanastomotic gastric bypass surgery was performed in 25 patients (main group). The control group included 11 patients after the standard technique of Roux-en-Y laparoscopic gastric bypass. Inclusion criteria were: persons of both sexes aged 18-60 years with morbid obesity and a body mass index of 40 or more, as well as 35 or more in the presence of comorbid diseases (type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea syndrome). In both groups, impedance pH measurements were performed in the postoperative period. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 13.0 software package using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods.
 Results: Clinical manifestations of the enterogastric biliary reflex were found in both groups; in addition, clinical manifestations of the corresponding symptoms were noted by patients of both groups. The analysis of daily pH-metry in the studied groups showed that in the esophagus the time with pH <4 in the main group 2.83 (1.55; 3.95)% 3.00 (2.30; 3.50)% in the control group, time with pH 4-6.9 (physiological for the esophagus) 92.40 (90.65; 94.20)% and 94.10 (89.80; 95.50)%, respectively, time with pH> 7 (weak alkaline) was 4.80 (3.45; 5.85)% and in the control group 2.90 (1.20; 7.20)%. There was no statistically significant difference in these indicators (p> 0.05). Conclusions. Monoanastomotic gastric bypass surgery in the modification of the clinic has the same positive properties as the Rouen-Wye technique, allowing you to avoid the risks associated with possible pathological reflux of bile into the esophagus. Patients who have undergone mini-gastric bypass surgery require a thorough examination with fibrogastroscopy in combination with pH impedance measurement at least 1 time per year in order to determine biliary reflux and morphological changes both in the lumen of the esophagus and in the stomach stump. The level of quality of life of patients after surgery in the control group and the main group does not significantly differ, as evidenced by the results of the questionnaire survey using the GERG Q questionnaire, which indicates the effectiveness of the methodology of laparoscopic monoanastomotic gastric bypass surgery modified in the clinic. Key words: morbid obesity, gastric bypass surgery, surgical treatment, mini-gastric bypass, biliary reflux.
Thoracic aortic aneurysm in pregnancy: morphological analysis of 6 cases
Authors: Zakharova V. P. , Siromakha S. O. , Roos-Hesselink J. W. , Kravchenko V. I. , Davydova Yu. V. , Lazoryshynets V. V.
Published: January 2022

Aortic dissection is rare but life-threatening complication in pregnancy, causing significant maternal and perinatal losses. Pregnancy may influence the integrity of the vessel wall and is a risk factor for dissection. There are very few data in the literature on structural changes in the aortic walls during pregnancy complicated by aortic dissection.
Aim. Study of pathological features in the wall of ascending aorta (AA) during or immediately after pregnancy is presented in the article.
Materials and methods. Material after surgical correction of AA in patients during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period was studied. Frozen sections were made from one part of the sample, followed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, as well as Sudan III–IV staining to detect lipids. Paraffin sections were stained with H&E and picrofuchsin (van Gieson’s stain) for differentiation of collagen and muscle fibers, as well as fuchselin (Weigert’s elastic stain).
Results. Six cases of aortic surgery during pregnancy (n = 1) and postpartum period (n = 5) were included: severe aortopathy caused by Marfan syndrome (MS) (n = 3), aortic coarctation with bicuspid aortic valve (n = 1), renal hypertension (n = 1), and pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 1). Pathohistological studies showed that in all patients who underwent aortic surgery at the end of the third trimester in the early postpartum period changes in aortic wall collagen structure were observed. In contrast, in a pregnant woman with MS and severe aortopathy, who underwent preventive aortic surgery at 19 weeks of gestation, there were no such changes, the morphologic samples showed areas of scarring. In all 6 cases signs of lipoidosis in the AA wall were observed.
All these data require further theoretical study, but clinicians are already faced with the question of the feasibility of preventive surgery in women with severe aortopathy on the preconception stage or during pregnancy.
Conclusions. The specific effect of pregnancy on the AA wall leads to collagen disruption and the appearance of lipoidosis in late pregnancy, which is an important pathomorphological substrate for the occurrence of acute aortic pathology.
Diagnosis difficulties in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and complete atrioventricular block
Authors: Shop I. V. , Holubkina Ye. О. , Tykhonova T. M. , Derienko T. A. , Al-Trawneh O. V.
Published: January 2022

The association of atrial fibrillation (AF) with complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is a common clinical feature in elderly patients. It is characterized by the loss of specific symptoms of AF (palpitations, intermissions); in the first place may come CAVB symptoms: dizziness, Morgagni–Adams–Stokes (MAS) attacks.
Aim. The article objective is to illustrate the dynamic changes in the course of AF with the development of CAVB on the example of a clinical case and to discuss the difficulties in timely diagnosis and therapy correction.
Case presentation. A 75-year-old male was diagnosed with a rapid ventricular response form of AF. The onset of CAVB caused the transition from rapid ventricular response form of AF to slow ventricular response form, which was initially accompanied by a subjective improvement in the patient’s condition. As the disease progressed, the patient’s condition worsened due to the development of MAS attacks.
The elderly patients with a permanent form of AF require constant cardiac monitoring by an experienced specialist who has appropriate vigilance in management of patients with arrhythmias, awareness about possible concomitant conduction disorders.
This provides comprehensive cardiac support, including timely pacemaker implantation which gives more options for AF symptoms monitoring and heart rate control, has a positive modifying effect on drug therapy.
Conclusions. Changes in the clinical picture of AF after development of CAVB can lead to late diagnosis of CAVB, inadequate therapy and untimely pacemaker implantation, as a consequence, to progression of concomitant pathology and the development of life-threatening complications, as in our clinical case.
Study of the efficacy of antimicrobial preservatives in justifying the composition of a dermatological gel with a phytocomplex
Authors: Myrhorod V. S. , Bashura O. H. , Strilets O. P. , Bobro S. H. , Strelnykov L. S.
Published: January 2022

The microbiological stability of medicinal products always requires close attention during the pharmaceutical development phase, as microbial contamination can pose a threat to both the health of the patient and the stability of the medicinal product. The level of microbial contamination can be controlled by monitoring the quality of raw materials, compliance with appropriate sanitation of production facilities and equipment, the use of scientifically justified preservatives in the drug.
The aim of the work is to substantiate the use of a preservative and its concentration in the composition of the developed gel with phytocomplex.
Materials and methods. The objects of the study were gel samples with the addition of a preservative: Euxyl 9010K (90 % phenoxyethanol, 10 % ethylhexylglycerol), methyl parahydroxybenzoate (E218), sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, benzoic acid. Concentrations of antimicrobial substances used corresponded to their average value from the range of used concentrations. The research has used the method of evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives, given in SPU 2.0.
Results. Experimental studies using preservatives Euxyl 9010K 0.60 %, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 0.25 %, sorbic acid 0.10 %, potassium sorbate 0.25 %, benzoic acid 0.15 % in the samples of the developed gel with phytocomplex had shown that the obtained results for all samples fully meet the requirements of SPU in terms of “antimicrobial efficacy of preservatives” for topical drugs. According to the results of the first stage of research, it had been found that the greatest antimicrobial efficacy was shown by a sample with the preservative Euxyl 9010K. The subject of the second stage of research was the substantiation of the concentration of Euxyl 9010K (0.45 %, 0.60 %, and 0.75 %) based on the results of which it had been established that the gel samples with concentrations of Euxyl 9010K 0.60 % and 0.75 % met the requirements of SPU on the indicator of “antimicrobial efficacy of preservatives” for topical medicinal products. The sample with a concentration of Euxyl 9010K 0.45 % also met these requirements, but the logarithm of the reduction in the number of viable cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria after 2 days of storage is 2.00, which was the limit value according to the requirements of SPU.
Conclusions. The expediency of using Euxyl 9010K (90 % phenoxyethanol, 10 % ethylhexylglycerol) at a concentration of 0.60 % as a preservative had been experimentally substantiated.
Influence of Pancreo-Plant on the histological parameters of the liver in conditions of acute toxic hepatitis
Authors: Trutaieva L. M.
Published: January 2022

Toxic liver damage is the most problematic for pharmacotherapy and, accordingly, the normalization of the patient’s condition. Most often, hepatotoxins include alcohol, drugs, household and industrial toxins, the effect of which on the liver leads to the development of hepatocyte necrosis. The peculiarity of drug toxic hepatitis is a wide range of clinical manifestations, the absence of unambiguous diagnostic methods, frequent poor prognosis, which makes toxic hepatitis one of the most difficult problems in clinical practice. A promising drug for the treatment of toxic liver damage is a multicomponent herbal remedy, which is currently produced by a domestic manufacturer in the form of a dietary supplement.
The aim of the work is to study the effect of the herbal remedy Pancreo-Plant on the histological structure of the liver of rats, under conditions of subacute ethanol-tetrachloromethane intoxication.
Materials and methods. A model of poisoning was formed and liver samples from nonlinear white rats were examined. The slides were examined under the light microscope Granum, photographing of microscopic images was carried out with Granum DCM 310 digital video camera. The photographs were processed on a computer using the Toup View program.
Results. Micropreparations obtained from liver samples of rats under the condition of subacute ethanol-tetrachloromethane intoxication, were investigated. It has been proven that Pancreo-Plant helps to reduce necrotic manifestations, hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes, manifestations of steatosis, and signs of inflammation; it also stimulates carbohydrate metabolism in hepatocytes and improves regenerative manifestations.
Conclusions. It was found that the investigated agent based on medicinal plant materials, when using the model of subacute ethanol-tetrachloromethane intoxication, exhibits a significant hepatoprotective effect. It normalizes the histological structure of hepatocytes, restores the processes of glycogen accumulation, and prevents the development of fatty degeneration of the liver.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of drug supply of the military personnel with chronic bronchitis
Authors: Plieshkova O. V. , Bielozorova O. V. , Bilous M. V. , Drozdov D. V. , Nikituk A. V.
Published: January 2022

Despite the superiority of bronchitis in the structure of respiratory diseases in the military personnel, its course develops with certain peculiarities due to the peculiarities of military service. Consequently, the optimization of the costs of providing the military personnel with medicines is becoming more and more of medical and social importance. Reasonable selection of medicines in the treatment of chronic bronchitis is the result of the choice of effective and safe drugs, considering the cost of the components for military health care.
Aim. To perform a pharmacoeconomic analysis of drug supply to the military personnel with chronic bronchitis.
Materials and methods. The materials of the study were a database of drugs registered in Ukraine, presented on the official website of the State Institution “State Expert Center” of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The study employed “cost – effectiveness” method, which allows comparing the cost of a particular treatment method and its effectiveness.
Results. The scheme of the pharmacoeconomic analysis method has been offered. According to the results of the previously formed list of drugs for the treatment of military personnel with chronic bronchitis, a further analysis of the proposed range of drugs is conducted using an expert survey. By calculating the efficacy ratio within each presented pharmacotherapeutic group, a 10-item list of the most optimal drugs for the treatment of chronic bronchitis has been compiled.
Conclusions. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of medical supply to the military personnel is a constructive solution in the process of identifying manufacturers as potential suppliers of medicines to cover the needs of the medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Based on the results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis of the drug supply to military personnel with chronic bronchitis, a recommended list of drugs for their treatment has been formed. However, this list can be expanded to include drugs with the highest efficacy – according to the expert assessment. In the future it may become the basis for inclusion of drugs in the clinical protocols of medical care and could be used for the development of cost standards for the relevant nosological forms, which will improve the efficiency and quality of treatment and will provide economic benefits.
Rola południowej Galii w produkcji i handlu winem w VI w. p.n.e. – II w. n.e. na tle przemian politycznych w zachodniej części Morza Śródziemnego
Authors: Góralczyk Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

The article describes the role of southern Gaul in the production and trade of wine, with particular consideration for the Gauloise flat-bottomed amphorae produced in this area. It provides a brief outline of the history of this area of Mediterranean basin, shaped by the political and economic activities of several Mediterranean peoples – Phoenicians, Greeks, Carthaginians, Etruscans and Romans. It discusses the types of archaeological sites where the remains of amphorae for Gallic wine were discovered, exemplary stamps characteristic of southern Gaul and the influence of the Romans on the emergence and development of the culture of producing and consuming wine in southern Gaul
Zwierzęce szczątki kostne z dawnego grodu w Dusinie, stanowisko 1, gm. Gostyń
Authors: Makowiecki Daniel
Published: January 2022

This article presents the results of a specialist archaeozoological analysis of materials from an early medieval stronghold in Dusina, in southern Greater Poland. The examined bones come from millennium excavations and are a fragment of the collection obtained at that time. The remains were subjected to a description of zoological, anatomical and biological features, presenting the composition of individual taxa, as well as identifying traces on bones, indicating slaughtering activities and preferences in the selection of animal carcass parts
Przedstawienia grzybów psychoaktywnych w ewidencji archeologicznej i ich interpretacje
Authors: Olbryś Aleksandra
Published: January 2022

There has been a debate regarding substances that cause altered states of consciousness (especially those of a psychedelic nature) that have been intrinsically linked to man since the dawn of time. The question of the beginning of the crystallization of human consciousness intrigues today’s researchers. American writer and ethnobotanist Terence McKenna tangled with such ideas, indeed one of his thoughts contributes to many controversial opinions and theories presented in this work. The stoned ape theory considers psilocybin, the active substance of entheogenic mushrooms, as an element that played an important role in the process of human evolution and contributed to the acceleration of human consciousness. The author of a title theory believes that psychoactive mushrooms, which might have been components of our ancestors’ diet, could also contributed to the development of language and religion. In this paper, an attempt will be made to subject the title theory to criticism with particular discussion of archaeological evidence.
Apoplastic histochemical features of plant root walls that may facilitate ion uptake and retention
Authors: Wu Di , Li Linbao , Li Chengdao , Dun Bicheng , Zhang Jun , Li Ten , Zhou Cunyu , Tan Debao , Yang Chaodong , Huang Guiyun , Zhang Xia
Published: January 2022

We used brightfield and epifluorescence microscopy, as well as permeability tests, to investigate the apoplastic histochemical features of plant roots associated with ion hyperaccumulation, invasion, and tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. In hyperaccumulator species with a hypodermis (exodermis absent), ions penetrated the root apex, including the root cap. By contrast, in non-hyperaccumulator species possessing an exodermis, ions did not penetrate the root cap. In vivo, the lignified hypodermis blocked the entry of ions into the cortex, while root exodermis absorbed ions and restricted them to the cortex. The roots of the hyperaccumulators Pteris vittata and Cardamine hupingshanensis, as well as the aquatic invasives Alternanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes, and Pistia stratiotes, contained lignin and pectins. These compounds may trap and store ions before hypodermis maturation, facilitating ion hyperaccumulation and retention in the apoplastic spaces of the roots. These apoplastic histochemical features were consistent with certain species-specific characters, including ion hyperaccumulation, invasive behaviors in aquatic environments, or tolerance of oligotrophic conditions. We suggest that apoplastic histochemical features of the root may act as invasion mechanisms, allowing these invasive aquatic plants to outcompete indigenous plants for ions.
Model-based on-board post-injection control development for marine diesel engine
Authors: Storm Xiaoguo , Nguyen Hoang Khac , Modabberian Amin , Zenger Kai , Hyvönen Jari
Published: January 2022

The increasing demands for reducing fuel consumption and emissions in contemporary technology solutions lead to the use of more sensors, actuators, and control applications. With this increasing engine complexity, the feedback design is complex due to the coupling between inputs and combustion parameters. To be able to design the controller systematically, model predictive control (MPC) comes to the scope because of its advantages in the design of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, especially with its constraints handling ability and performance in simultaneously optimizing the engine fuel efficiency and emission reduction. Multi-injection is one of the promising techniques for achieving better engine performance. In this work, post-injection control is implemented utilizing MPC MIMO strategy with the target of exploring the possibility of reducing emissions and improving engine efficiency by controlling post-injection duration and injection timing. The workflow of the MPC controller design from control-oriented model (COM) establishing to MPC problem formation and solution methodology is discussed in this work. Moreover, one contribution from this work is the different implementation angle when compared with the state-of-the-art approaches, where the MPC controller is implemented purely by Matlab Simulink to enable the rapid control prototyping design. The simulation result demonstrated the ability of the controller’s tracking performance and showed a preliminary step towards the nonlinear combustion model-based multi-injection MPC design. The systematic model-based controller framework developed in this work can be applied to other control applications and enables a fast path from design to test.
On exact solutions of fractional differential-difference equations with Ψ-Riemann–Liouville derivative
Authors: Ramaswamy Rajagopalan , Latif Mohamed S. Abdel , Elsonbaty Amr , Kader Abas H. Abdel
Published: January 2022

The aim of this work is to modify the invariant subspace method (ISM) in order to obtain closed form solutions of fractional differential-difference equations with Ψ-Riemann–Liouville (Ψ-RL) fractional derivative for first time. We have investigated the cases of two-dimensional and the three-dimensional invariant subspaces (ISs) in the suggested scheme. Using the modified ISM, new exact generalized solutions for the general fractional mKdV Lattice equation and the fractional Volterra lattice system are obtained. Compared with similar solution techniques in literature, the presented solution scheme is highly efficient and is capable to find new general exact solutions which cannot be attained by other methods.
Solutions and stability for p-Laplacian differential problems with mixed type fractional derivatives
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Zhang Nan , Zhou Bibo
Published: January 2022

In this note, the main emphasis is to study two kinds of high-order fractional p-Laplacian differential equations with mixed derivatives, which include Caputo type and Riemann–Liouville type fractional derivative. Based on fixed point theorems on the cone, the existence-uniqueness of positive solutions for equations and two iterative schemes to uniformly approximate the unique solutions are discussed theoretically. What’s more, the sufficient conditions for stability of the equations are given. Some exact examples are further provided to verify the analytical results at the end of the article.
Effects of miRNA-199a-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma by targeting MED12
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhao Yingyan , Chen Ling , Sun Yan , Fan Sumei
Published: January 2022

Background/aims

Uterine leiomyoma (ULM) is a kind of gene-involved benign tumor, which is located in the front of female reproductive tract. It is one of the most common reproductive tract tumors in women, which leads to abnormal menstruation, repeated pregnancy loss, and other serious gynecological diseases. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted much more attention in the process of exploring the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the deregulated miRNAs had been reported to play important roles in ULM pathology.

Methods

In this study, we assessed the expression level of microRNA-199a-5p (miR-199a-5p) in human ULM by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. After that cell counting kit 8, colony formation, 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry, and Western blot analyses were performed to investigate the effects of miR-199a-5p on ULM cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Results

We confirmed that miR-199a-5p was significantly downregulated in human ULM. The results of function analyses showed that miR-199a-5p inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Bioinformatics tool showed oncogene MED12 was one of the target genes of miR-199a-5p, which mediated the effect of miR-199a-5p on the ULM.

Conclusion

Our results showed that miR-199a-5p functioned as an antitumor factor in human ULM cells. These findings broaden the current findings on the function of miR-199a-5p into the ULM pathogenesis, and miR-199a-5p may serve as a prognosis and therapeutic target for the ULM and its related diseases.
A novel function of CREG in metabolic disorders
Authors: Li Yang , Tian Xiaoxiang , Zhang Quanyu , Yan Chenghui , Han Yaling
Published: January 2022

Metabolic disorders are public health problems that require prevention and new efficient drugs for treatment. Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (CREG) is ubiquitously expressed in mature tissues and cells in mammals and plays a critical role in keeping cells or tissues in a mature, homeostatic state. Recently, CREG turns to be an important mediator in the development of metabolic disorders. Here in this review, we briefly discuss the structure and molecular regulation of CREG along with the therapeutic strategy to combat the metabolic disorders.
State-aligned misogynistic disinformation on Arabic Twitter: The attempted silencing of an Al Jazeera journalist
Authors: Jones Marc Owen
Published: January 2022

A product of the global rise of right-wing populism has been a seeming normalisation of gendered public disinformation, which portrays female public figures as unintelligent, untrustworthy, irrational, and libidinous. Social media has also allowed gendered disinformation to be used in targeted harassment campaigns that seek to intimidate and shame women, reducing their public visibility through psychological violence. Despite this, very few studies on social media involving the Arabic language have explored in detail this phenomenon in the Persian Gulf, despite numerous examples of harassment against women public figures. Since 2017, women journalists critical of regional governments have been subjected to increased attacks online, but none as intense as the attack on Al Jazeera anchor Ghada Oueiss in June 2020. Through keyword analysis, network analysis, and open-source intelligence techniques (OSINT), this paper highlights the intensity and scale of one such attack, identifying the increasing role of malinformation and disinformation in attempting to silence journalists. Such documentation can be useful in demonstrating the volume, velocity, and discursive nature of the attacks threatening women’s visibility online. This research also accounts for a potential mechanism of such attacks, which follow a playbook of: 1) leaking information through anonymous accounts, 2) co-opted or loyalist influencers amplifying the attacks, and 3) uncritical local media jumping on the attacks (breakout). From a transformative perspective, it is increasingly important that such attacks are documented, exposed, and analysed to provide evidentiary claims of such abuse. It also highlights the issues of such abuse in authoritarian regimes, who clamp down on online debate, except appear not to do so when the messaging reflects state propaganda.
Organic carbon in atmospheric precipitation in the urbanized territory of the South of Western Siberia, Russia
Authors: Noskova Tatiana V. , Lovtskaya Olga V. , Panina Maria S. , Podchufarova Daria P. , Papina Tatyana S.
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the results of studying the contents of total (TOC) and dissolved (DOC) organic carbon in atmospheric precipitation and their deposition fluxes on the territory of the city of Barnaul. Samples of atmospheric precipitation (rain and snow) were collected from May 2016 to December 2020 in the city center, additionally at the end of winter 2018–2019 samples of snow cover were taken in the territory of the city and its environs. The studies showed a significant content of organic carbon (OC) in atmospheric precipitation: the weighted average concentrations for the study period were 7.2 ± 0.6 and 4.2 ± 0.4 mg/L for TOC and DOC, respectively. The annual flux of OC deposition with atmospheric precipitation on the territory of Barnaul over the past three years has varied within 2.4–3.9 t/km2 for TOC and 1.4–2.1 t/km2 for DOC. To visualize the spatial distribution of organic matter over the territory of Barnaul, simple kriging was used, implemented in the Geostatistical Analyst module (ArcGIS® Desktop). The flow of organic carbon input into the snow cover during the winter period was used as data for the geostatistical model. According to the model, the deposition of OC from the atmosphere occurs unevenly throughout the urban area and depends on the location and intensity of pollution sources.
Die mittel- und spätlatènezeitlichen Nekropolen in Desa, jud. Dolj, Rumänien. Beiträge zu dem Bestattungswesen in der Region des Eisernen Tores. Teil 1
Authors: Teleaga Emilian , Ridiche Florin , Constantinescu Mihai , Bălășescu Adrian , Apostol Virgil , Ionescu Leonard
Published: January 2022

In Desa sind in den Bereichen Castravița und Lunculița zwei Latène-Nekropolen gefunden worden. Die Nekropole in Desa-Castravița ist die erste Nekropole der Mittel- und Spätlatène-Zeit in der Region des Eisernen Tores, für die menschliche und tierische Überreste paläoanthropologisch und archäozoologisch analysiert worden sind. Menschliche Überreste konnten in sechs Gräbern in kleinen Mengen gefunden werden; sie sind stark fragmentiert und deformiert. Die Bestatteten wurden bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen, zwischen 600–900º C, in einem sauerstoffreichen Milieu verbrannt. Nicht alle Knochen sind dem Scheiterhaufen entnommen worden. Es gibt keine Auswahl bestimmter Körperteile. Eine Sica wurde bei einer Temperatur von 570–900° C verbrannt und dabei entstand eine Magnetitschicht, deren Konservierung das Dekor erkennen lässt. Die Bestatteten waren adulte, männliche Individuen oder Individuen unbestimmten Geschlechtes; nur der Bestattete aus Grab 6 ist ein Jüngling. Die archäozoologische Analyse der Tierknochenreste dreier Gräber ergab, dass sie entweder bei einer niedrigen Temperatur verbrannt oder unverbrannt beigegegen worden sind. Nur die drei am häufigsten belegten Haustiere dieser Zeit konnten bestimmt werden: Rind, Schaf/Ziege und Schwein (durch Kieferknochen). Die Nekropole in Desa-Castravița wurde in der Mittellatènezeit C1 angelegt und existierte bis in die Spätlatène D1-Stufe weiter; später, wahrscheinlich kurz nach der Mitte des 1. Jhs. n. Chr., wurde dort eine Befestigungsanlage errichtet. Das unvollständing ausgegrabene Gräberfeld besteht aus elf Gräbern (Brandschüttungsgräber und sogenannte Kenotaphe), die zwei sich parallel entwickelnde Gruppen bilden. Die Nekropole im Bereich Lunculiţa wurde zufällig entdeckt, geborgen wurden ausschließlich Metallgegenstände zweier Gräber der Spätlatènezeit. Der archäologische Katalog beschreibt die Befundlage und die Grabbeigaben der elf Gräber aus Desa-Castravița und der zwei aus Lunculița. Die Auswertung der Castravița-Nekropole, die teilweise der aus Karaburma ähnelt, wird in einer späteren Ausgabe dieser Zeitschrift erfolgen.