bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La fertilización foliar orgánica en Ciruela Santa Rosa aumenta rendimiento y calidad de fruto
Authors: Velazquez Fermín Jose Luis , Berdeja Arbeu Raul , Enriquez García Fabián , Pérez Marroquín Guillermo Jesuita , Zaldivar Martínez Pablo
Published: January 2025

En el municipio de Atempan, Puebla, México se producen ciruelas, los productores no le dan manejo agronómico a las huertas lo que ocasiona bajos rendimientos y frutos de mala calidad. El experimento se desarrolló en el año 2022, con el objetivo de evaluar fertilización foliar y química en ciruela Santa Rosa y la hipótesis, la fertilización foliar orgánica aumenta rendimiento y calidad de fruto. Los tratamientos utilizados fertilización foliar orgánica 20 mL por L, Fertilización foliar química 20 g por L y el testigo sin fertilización. Se empleó un diseño en bloques al azar con tres tratamientos y seis repeticiones. El mayor número de flores abiertas por brindilla fue de 4 con fertilización foliar orgánica y menor en el testigo con 2.04 con diferencias estadísticas (P≤0.05), el mayor número de frutos cosechados por brindilla de 0.87 con fertilización orgánica y menor de 0.45 con diferencias estadísticas (P≤0.05), Las características físicas de fruto dependieron del tratamiento utilizado, el número de frutos cosechados por árbol osciló 28.6 en el testigo a 99.5 con fertilización orgánica con diferencias estadísticas (P≤0.05), y los grados Brix en fruto no presentaron diferencias estadísticas entre tratamientos (P≤0.05). Por los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la fertilización foliar orgánica cada 30 días de inicio de brotación hasta cosecha de fruto aumenta rendimiento y calidad de fruto en ciruela Santa Rosa.
KINETICS AND THERMODYNAMICS STUDIES ON OIL EXTRACTION FROM SOUTHERN KADUNA PALM KERNEL SEEDS USING SUBCRITICAL WATER EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: CONFIDENCE MOSES KUSH  , ABEL ESHIP  , AMINU IBRAHIM
Published: January 2025

Subcritical water has the potential to be highly efficient, non-toxic and low-cost alternative extraction solvent due to its unique properties under certain conditions. In this current study, we used the process variables (extraction temperature, time and particle size) to investigate the kinetics of palm kernel oil (PKO) extraction using subcritical water as solvent by considering the power law and Elovich’s kinetic law models. The laws of thermodynamics were employed to determine the spontaneity and nature of the PKO extraction process by evaluating thermodynamic parameters such as the Gibbs free energy (ΔG), enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS). The experimental result showed that the conditions for the optimum yield of PKO using subcritical water were established at 0.5 mm, 120 minutes and 493K (200 ◦C) where the highest oil yield was (49.02%). The experimental data was found to best fit the power law model compared to the Elovich’s model, as a result of its highest R2 and lowest SD and RMS values. Thermodynamics analysis showed that PKO extraction has positive enthalpy and entropy values of 7.23×10-4kJ/mol and 0.0304kJ/molK respectively, indicating an endothermic and irreversible process. The negative values of Gibbs free energy (– 12.56 to -14.99kJ/molK) indicated that the extraction process is spontaneous. Gas chromatography analysis showed that lauric acid (48.1%) appears as the predominant fatty acid in the extracted oil followed by myristic acid (16.0%) and linoleic acid (14.9%). The subcritical water technology was therefore, highly recommended for the extraction of PKO due to its high potentials as shown in the high oil yield obtained. The power law model was also recommended due to the overall comparative fitness to the experimental data while the thermodynamics specifications as verified in this work were also recommended to be used for process design of PKO extraction.
Miscarriage Induced Mental Health Issues and Coping Strategies among Primigravida Women
Authors: Farzana Parveen  , Husan Bano Channar  , Binafsha Manzoor Syed  , Aftab Brohi  , Imtiaz Ali Kori  , Sabeeha Sarwar
Published: January 2025

Background: Miscarriage is most common with approximately 23 million miscarriages occurring worldwide annually. It induces mental health issues among primigravida women, which affects the overall well-being of a woman. Women experiencing miscarriage have higher levels of depression and general anxiety symptoms. Healthcare providers need to give proper information, and emotional and psychological support during the period of miscarriage. Aim of Study: To determine the mental health issues and identify the coping strategies used by primigravida women after miscarriage. Material and Methods: A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 317 primigravida women at the Gynecological Ward and OPD of Liaquat University Hospital, Jamshoro. A non-probability purposive sampling method was utilized for data collection. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 27. Frequency and percentages were computed for categorical variables. Numerical variables were summarized as mean ± standard deviation. The chi-square test was applied to assess the association of categorical variables with PTSD and coping strategies. Results: A total of 317 females were enrolled in the study. The mean age of study subjects was 28.1 ± 5.3 years. The average PCL-C score was 33.8 ± 8.6 with a score range of 17-60. Using a threshold of 38 and above, PTSD was seen in 38.8% of females. Out of 14 coping strategies, the highest mean score was seen for the strategy of acceptance and instrumental support followed by self-distraction, active coping, planning, denial, emotional support, religion, venting, positive reframing, behavioral disengagement, self-blame, humor and substance use. The highest PTSD frequency was seen in females of age group 20-29 years (40.8%). Conclusion: Miscarriage is a deeply emotional and psychologically challenging experience for women, especially primigravida women. The mental health of primigravida women after miscarriage is significant, influences women’s decisions to delay future pregnancy attempts, and underscores the need for significant emotional and social support.
Disrupting Liberal Democracy:The Phenomenal Rise of Duterte
Authors:   University of the Philippines-Diliman College of Social Sciences and Philosophy (Graduate Program Student), B. Fernandez Artchil
Published: January 2025

The paper offers an explanation why Duterte won the election in 2016 and how his phenomenal rise can be accounted. Some scholars on Philippine politics attribute the rise of Duterte to the failure of liberal democracy. On the other hand, this paper argues that “failure of liberal democracy” explanation merely scratches the surface of the question and does not address the source of the failure. Gramsci’s notion of passive revolution this paper maintains point to the root of the failures of the liberal democratic regimes established after EDSA People Power revolt in 1986. The main contention of the paper is Duterte is a product of passive revolution. If Italy swung to fascism in the 1920s, this paper asserts Philippines in 2016 turned to Dutertismo.
Analisis Isi Pesan Dakwah Perempuan Dan Pendidikan Di Youtube @BincangMuslimah
Authors: Putri Helviani , Fanshoby Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Dakwah sudah banyak dilakukan di media sosial YouTube. Salah satu akun dakwah yang menggunakan media sosial YouTube untuk berdakwah adalah akun dakwah Bincang Muslimah. Munculnya komunitas dakwah Islam di era modern ini juga menjadi solusi dalam dakwah, apalagi jika pemateri dakwah dapat menyesuaikan, serta materi-materi yang disampaikan sesuai dengan fenomena yang sedang terjadi saat ini. Seperti kondisi yang masih terjadi pada perempuan sekarang ini, pendidikan tinggi bagi kaum perempuan dinilai kurang penting karena kodrat perempuan yang hanya di dapur. Pendidikan tinggi sebenarnya penting bagi keberlangsungan kehidupan bagi semua gender. Melihat kondisi dan dakwah yang telah dilakukan pada akun Bincang Muslimah, Berdasarkan masalah penelitian, maka dalam penyusunan skripsi ini peneliti mengangkat judul “Analisis Isi Pesan Dakwah Perempuan dan Pendidikan di YouTube @BincangMuslimah”.
Dalam penelitian ini pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan teori analisis isi Philipp Mayring. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, dan dokumentasi. Untuk kekuatan referensi, peneliti juga menggunakan teknik kepustakaan dalam pengumpulan data.
Hasil yang didapatkan oleh peneliti dari penelitian ini adalah pesan dakwah syariah ibadah, Al-qur’an sebagai sumber ilmu, ilmu kunci kebahagiaan, kewajiban menuntut ilmu dan pentingnya pendidikan. Pesan dakwah syariah muamalah perempuan berpendidikan tinggi menjadi ibu rumah tangga, dan Pendidikan sebagai arahan bagi perempuan dalam mengambil keputusan di kehidupan rumah tangga. Sedangkan pesan dakwah yang paling dominan, yang terdapat pada akun @Bincangmuslimah dalam video “Perempuan Berpendidikan Tinggi dibilang “ga bakal laku” adalah pesan dakwah syariah ibadah.
Pada akun @Bincangmuslimah dalam video “Perempuan Berpendidikan Tinggi dibilang “ga bakal laku” terdapat empat pesan dakwah syariah ibadah, dua pesan dakwah mualah, dan pesan dakwah syariah ibadah yang paling dominan.
Dampak Perang Dunia II Terhadap Pergolakan Ideologi Politik Dan Ekonomi Di Era Industrialisasi 4.0
Authors: Kasuda Ragil , Widodo Rahmat Banu
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak Perang Dunia II terhadap Pergolakan Ideologi Politik dan Ekonomi di Era Industrialisasi 4.0 yang digunakan sebagai studi kritis melalui pendekatan sosio-historis dan kualitatif deskriptif. Dengan harapan tulisan ini dapat menjelaskan secara deskriptif-analisis didukung dengan kajian pustaka yang diperoleh serta penjelasan secara empiris dan teoritis. Adapun teori yang digunakan pada tulisan ini adalah teori ruang publik (Public Sphere) yang dikemukan oleh Jurgen Habermas, teori Elit yang dikemukan oleh Gaetano Mosca dan Vilfredo Pareto dan teori Oligarki yang dipopulerkan oleh Jeffrey Winters. Pandangan-pandangan lain mengenai ekonomi-politik diambil dari pelbagai kutipan buku dan jurnal karangan Vedi Hadiz. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan kesenjangan sosial, ekonomi dan politik adalah dampak besar dan mengakar bagi seluruh umat manusia di muka bumi. Selain itu, penghayatan atas agama dan pemahaman ideologi yang hanya segelitir orang memahaminya menjadi dampak Perang Dunia II yang berdampak pada ketimpangan intelektual bagi masyarakat. Sehingga apapun yang diperoleh pada sosial media menjadi asupan primer dalam kognitif tiap-tiap penggunanya.
The financial crisis, economic development and business management in Pakistan: An evidence through time-series data analysis in Pakistan
Authors: Lakhan Dr. Allah Bux , Talreja Dr. Kewal , Saeed Muzamil
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research work is to analyze the causal linkage among Pakistan's economic development and the three main financial crisis indicators—interest rates, inflation, and the amount of foreign debt. Additionally, this analysis emphasizes how consistently financial crisis indicators and economic growth. The analysis makes use of sample size covering data from 2000 to 2024. The convergence of equilibrium for series utilized in the work is examined using Johansen's co-integration test. The findings show that the three elements of Pakistan's financial crisis and economic growth have overall causal relationship. The business, economic and each financial crisis indicator taken into consideration in this study have a bidirectional causal relationship, according to estimations based on the pair-wise Granger Causality test. Whereas, the management of economy is determined on the economic and business parameters as analyzed on data which provides a sometimes unidirectional or bidirectional indication for solution of economic crisis and way for economic development
WEB-BASED PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR WORK PROGRAM ACTIVITIES AT THE AGRICULTURE, PLANTATION, FOOD AND HORTICULTURE OFFICE IN CIANJUR REGENCY
Authors: Jaenudin
Published: January 2025

The development of website information technology has developed so that it can simplify the data management process. Based on these benefits, a web-based planning system for managing work program activities at the Cianjur Regency Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Horticulture Office was created. This designed system is expected to help the agricultural planning department in obtaining information on work program activities that will be carried out with digital information so that it will be more effective, efficient, and faster because it has been processed by a system with data storage that is already in the form of a database. The data collection uses observation, literature studies and interviews. Then the data is implemented to be applied to a website-based system. The methodology used in the creation of this system is the Extreme Programming method. The website-based coding process uses a MYSQL database and the editor used is Visual Studio Code. The test results use the blackbox method to test all the functionality of the system that has been created.
Optimizing Low-Speed Wind Turbines: The Impact of Blade Angle and Profile
Authors: Khamzah Muhammad Izwan , Firdaus Rachmat
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the optimization of horizontal axis wind turbines for low-speed wind conditions in Indonesia, focusing on blade configuration. Through experimental methods, the research evaluates how variations in the number of blades, blade profiles, and particularly the alpha angle of the NACA 0021 rotor blade affect turbine efficiency. Findings reveal that adjusting the blade angle significantly enhances the power coefficient, offering a potential pathway to increase the efficiency of wind turbines under low-speed conditions. This advancement could contribute to more sustainable and efficient use of wind energy globally.
“Vet du ka som er en kombinasjon?”
Authors: Briksdal Anette
Published: January 2025

Forskingsspørsmålet denne artikkelen tek opp, er korleis morsdialekta, dialektene i familien og i nærområdet og ei oppfatning av standard­talemål kan påverke barn sine tidlege språkval. Artikkelen utforskar talemåla til tre barn over tid og diskuterer årsakene til språkvala dei gjer. I tillegg blir dei prosodiske draga og utviklinga av desse i talemåla til barna under­søkte. Dei to første informantane er jentene Sol og Snø, som det har blitt tatt opptak av i kvardagslege situasjonar då dei var 2;2–4;6 år. Den tredje informanten er Måne, veslebroren til Sol, som det har blitt tatt opptak av då han var 1;9–2;9 år. I tillegg har mødrene til barna bidratt med observa­sjons­data. Som mor til Sol og Måne har eg hatt moglegheita til å samle inn data kontinuerleg, medan datamaterialet av Snø har blitt innhenta på tre tidspunkt med om lag eit års mellomrom. Ein kan høyre at alle tre barna har trekk frå morsdialekta, men det varierer i kor stor grad og kor lenge trekka blir bevarte. Faktorar som innputt frå besteforeldre og eldre sysken og periodar med fråvær frå barnehage, verkar å gje utslag på barna sine talemål. I tillegg er flytting til fars heimstad avgjerande for språkutvikl­inga til Snø. Vi kan også sjå at alle tre informantane, uavhengig av dialektene dei høyrer rundt seg, på ulike tidspunkt orienterer seg mot ei form for standardtalemål, kanskje formidla gjennom leik og lesing. Denne artikkelen kartlegg altså språkvala til desse barna og diskuterer korleis dei kan vere eit uttrykk for styrkeforholda mellom dei ulike agentane for språksosialisering.
Socio-Economic Status of Cotton Growers in Western Zone of Punjab, India
Authors: Kaur Lovpreet , Sharma Sunish
Published: January 2025

Cotton is one of the major cash crops of western zone of Punjab. Multistage purposive cum random sampling technique was used for the selection of the study area. The present study on socio-economic status of cotton growers of Bathinda and Mansa districts of Punjab was carried on limited number of farmers in year 2023-24. The study was taken up in Maur and Mansa blocks from Bathinda and Mansa districts respectively with a sample size of 120 respondents. The farmers interviewed personally by a well-structured interview schedule. The data was coded, tabulated and analysed using suitable statistical tools. The profile of the cotton growers' reveals that majority of them were middle aged, educated up to high school and senior secondary, had 4 to 10 ha of land holdings, more area under cotton, more participation of women than men, more farming experience and had own implements of farming. The study may prove beneficial to the policy makers and stakeholders in decision making and agricultural development.
Assessment of Participation of the School Community in Managing the Primary School Pregnancy Problem in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Fidelis Ferdinand Byenobi
Published: January 2025

To address the problem of primary school pregnancy in Morogoro Municipality, the study assessed the participation of the educational community. This study aimed to determine the school community's participation, particularly about the problem of primary school pregnancy. The study was conducted in the primary schools in Mwere, Mchikichini, Chamwino A, Kilakala, and Kihonda, all in the Morogoro Municipality. This study employed a qualitative technique and a multiple-case study design. The participants included teachers, parents, religious leaders, pupils, the District Education Officer (DEO), and Ward Education Officers. Eighty participants were chosen using a combination of random and purposeful sampling techniques. Data was gathered via semi-structured interviews, focus group interview guides, observation, and documentation. The results show that the majority of Morogoro municipality's school communities have been involved in managing the problem of primary school girls getting pregnant. The study also demonstrated the extent to which school communities helped in managing the problem of pregnancy among primary school girls. Different groups participated in different ways, with government officials conducting follow-ups, terminating pregnant girls, holding community workshops, and forming various committees to handle the issue. In addition to parents and religious leaders preaching positive behavior and parenting, pupils were instructed to inform their parents or teachers if they saw female pupils acting badly or socializing with guys.  The study revealed that when the school community was more involved in problem-solving, it was easier to manage the problem. Participation must be prioritized to solve the problem of primary school pregnancy. This study suggests that rather than blaming specific pupils, the Tanzanian government should ensure that the school community's involvement is focused on managing school pregnancy issues. The study's conclusion suggested that the Tanzanian government collaborate with other partners via the school community initiative to inform the public about the importance of community participation in managing problems such as the high rate of schoolgirl pregnancies and potential remedies.
Quality Attributes and Consumer Acceptability of Chinchin Produced from Blends of Rice, Cowpea, and Sweet Potato Flours
Authors: Agwu Odey Bessie , Ojotu Eke Mike , Saater Ape
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the proximate composition, mineral content, vitamin content, amino acid profile and sensory attributes of chinchin produced from blends of rice flour (RF), cowpea flour (CPF), and sweet potato flour (SPF). All analyses were carried out using standard methods. Proximate analysis revealed moisture content ranging from 5.11 % to 7.15 %, with the highest in the 60:35:5 blend. Protein content increased significantly (9.76 to 16.25 %) with increase in CPF, while fat content ranged from 12.35 to 16.21 %, ash content from 1.60 % to 5.11 %, and fiber content from 1.87 % to 5.02 %. Carbohydrate content varied from 50.26 % to 68.67 %, and energy content from 411.90 to 427.43 kcal/100g. Addition of CPF and SPF significantly altered the mineral content of the chinchin samples as follows; Potassium (95.82 to 139.29 mg/100 g), Calcium (89.00 to 158.57 mg/100 g), Magnesium (59.06 to 93.59 mg/100 g), Phosphorous (100.14 to 162.90 mg/100 g), Iron (65.14 to 82.13 mg/100 g), Zinc (10.40 to 34.76 mg/100 g). Analysis of vitamins (A, B1, B2, B3) showed significant differences among chinchin samples. Amino acid composition improved with increased CPF and SPF. Sensory evaluation rated 90:5:5 and 80:15:5 blends favorably compared to control.
Magnetic‐Driven Broadband Epsilon‐Near‐Zero Materials at Radio Frequency
Authors: Sun Kai , Wang Chong , Tian Jiahong , Zhang Zheng , Zeng Ni , Yin Rui , Duan Wenxin , Hou Qing , Zhao Yaman , Wu Haikun , Fan Runhua
Published: September 2023

Epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) materials, exhibiting unique physical characteristics such as near‐zero refraction, have aroused extensive interest and exhibit great potentials in novel applications of perfect absorbers, high‐harmonic generation, and nonlinear optical response. Here, for the first time, magnetic‐driven broadband ENZ materials are designed by fabricating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Ni@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) films. Dielectric properties including real permittivity (ɛ′), imaginary permittivity (ɛ″), dielectric loss (tanδ), and impedance (Z) are investigated. When Ni@CNTs content reached 30 wt.%, negative permittivity transferred to positive permittivity at ≈11.5 MHz, and epsilon‐near‐zero (|ɛ′| < 1) is realized from ≈9 to 14 MHz, exhibiting broad ENZ bandwidth of ≈5 MHz. Theory calculations confirm that delocalized electrons are introduced from CNTs, which improve the carrier mobility and achieve low frequency dispersion behavior. Longer interfacial polarization electric fields between PVA and CNTs are also demonstrated by theory calculations, enhancing the positive permittivity response to offset negative permittivity response from Ni@CNTs. These two mechanisms result in broadband ENZ at radio frequency. This film also exhibits excellent magnetic actuation ability under magnetic field, broadening applications from ENZ materials to novel fields such as magnetically actuated robots with perfect absorption, magnetic‐driven biomimetic aircrafts with shielding ability, magnetic‐driven photodetectors, etc.
Nacre‐Inspired Mechanically Robust Films for Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Rao Jun , Lv Ziwen , Yan Xueqing , Pan Jing , Chen Gegu , Lü Baozhong , Peng Feng
Published: September 2023

MXene, a new class of 2D layered materials, is considered a candidate for the reverse electrodialysis (RED) film because the laminated MXene nanochannels with charged functional groups provide an excellent ionic selectivity and conductivity. However, the MXene‐based ion‐exchange films suffer from weak mechanical properties and instability in water due to the poor binding force between the nanosheets, which limits their RED performance. Here, inspired by natural nacre structure, a class of cation‐MXene/cation holocellulose nanofibers (C‐MXene/C‐HNF) composite film with high performance for harvesting nanofluidic osmotic is developed. C‐HNF acts as interlocking agent to connect the MXene nanosheets by hydrogen bonding, resulting a mechanically robust and water stable film. The introduction of C‐HNF not only increases the interlayer interaction force, but also enhances the ion transport flux. When the content of C‐HNF is 20%, the tensile stress, fracture strain, and toughness of the composite film reach up to 127.75 ± 1.61 MPa, 3.50 ± 0.1%, and 2.95 ± 0.52 MJ m−3, respectively. Additionally, the composite film can produce an impressive output power density of up to 1.09 W m−2 under a 50‐fold salinity gradient (0.01/0.5 m NaCl), and only decreases by 4.58% after 50 days, demonstrating good stability and durability.
Scattering Spheres Boost Afterglow: A Mie Glass Approach to Go Beyond the Limits Set by Persistent Phosphor Composition
Authors: Castaing Victor , Romero Manuel , Torres Juan , Lozano Gabriel , Míguez Hernán
Published: September 2023

Persistent luminescence phosphor nanoparticles (PersLNPs) offer exciting opportunities for anticounterfeiting, data storage, imaging displays, or AC‐driven lighting applications owing to the possibility to process them as shapable thin coatings. However, despite unique delayed and long‐lasting luminescence, the relatively low storage capacity of persistent phosphor nanoparticles combined with the difficulty of harvesting photons from transparent thin layers drastically hinder the perceived afterglow. In order to enhance persistent luminescence (PersL) of thin coatings, herein a novel approach is proposed based on resonant optical nanostructures. In particular, it is demonstrated that the integration of TiO2 scattering spheres in films (with thickness comprised between 1 and 10 µm) made of ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ PersLNPs enables a significant increase in afterglow intensity due to the combination of effective charging and enhanced outcoupling. As a result, a ≈3.5‐fold enhancement of the PersL is observed in 2 µm‐thick films stuffed with scattering centers using low‐light illumination conditions. Furthermore, inclusion of scattering centers leads to an unprecedented acceleration of the PersL charging speed. These results constitute the first example of photonic engineering applied to enhance the properties of PersL materials coatings.
Looking back and beyond the 2017 diagnostic criteria for hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome: A retrospective cross‐sectional study from an Italian reference center
Authors: Ritelli Marco , Chiarelli Nicola , Cinquina Valeria , Vezzoli Marika , Venturini Marina , Colombi Marina
Published: September 2023

The most common conditions with symptomatic joint hypermobility are hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (hEDS) and hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD). Diagnosing these overlapping connective tissue disorders remains challenging due to the lack of established causes and reliable diagnostic tests. hEDS is diagnosed applying the 2017 diagnostic criteria, and patients with symptomatic joint hypermobility but not fulfilling these criteria are labeled as HSD, which is not officially recognized by all healthcare systems. The 2017 criteria were introduced to improve diagnostic specificity but have faced criticism for being too stringent and failing to adequately capture the multisystemic involvement of hEDS. Herein, we retrospectively evaluated 327 patients from 213 families with a prior diagnosis of hypermobility type EDS or joint hypermobility syndrome based on Villefranche and Brighton criteria, to assess the effectiveness of the 2017 criteria in distinguishing between hEDS and HSD and document the frequencies of extra‐articular manifestations. Based on our findings, we propose that the 2017 criteria should be made less stringent to include a greater number of patients who are currently encompassed within the HSD category. This will lead to improved diagnostic accuracy and enhanced patient care by properly capturing the diverse range of symptoms and manifestations present within the hEDS/HSD spectrum.
Shape‐Memory Effect Enabled by Ligand Substitution and CO2 Affinity in a Flexible SIFSIX Coordination Network
Authors: Song Bai‐Qiao , Shivanna Mohana , Gao Mei‐Yan , Wang Shi‐Qiang , Deng Cheng‐Hua , Yang Qing‐Yuan , Nikkhah Sousa Javan , Vandichel Matthias , Kitagawa Susumu , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: September 2023

We report that linker ligand substitution involving just one atom induces a shape‐memory effect in a flexible coordination network. Specifically, whereas SIFSIX‐23‐Cu, [Cu(SiF6)(L)2]n, (L=1,4‐bis(1‐imidazolyl)benzene, SiF62−=SIFSIX) has been previously reported to exhibit reversible switching between closed and open phases, the activated phase of SIFSIX‐23‐CuN, [Cu(SiF6)(LN)2]n (LN=2,5‐bis(1‐imidazolyl)pyridine), transformed to a kinetically stable porous phase with strong affinity for CO2. As‐synthesized SIFSIX‐23‐CuN, α, transformed to less open, γ, and closed, β, phases during activation. β did not adsorb N2 (77 K), rather it reverted to α induced by CO2 at 195, 273 and 298 K. CO2 desorption resulted in α′, a shape‐memory phase which subsequently exhibited type‐I isotherms for N2 (77 K) and CO2 as well as strong performance for separation of CO2/N2 (15/85) at 298 K and 1 bar driven by strong binding (Qst=45–51 kJ/mol) and excellent CO2/N2 selectivity (up to 700). Interestingly, α′ reverted to β after re‐solvation/desolvation. Molecular simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide insight into the properties of SIFSIX‐23‐CuN.
A case misdiagnosed as hyperthyroid heart disease: Surgical repair of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome with severe tricuspid regurgitation
Authors: Ding Xuejiao , Liao Zhimin , Tao Yichao , Wu Xiaofeng
Published: September 2023

Unroofed coronary sinus syndrome (URCS), also known as coronary sinus septal defect, is a rare congenital heart disease. Because of its special anatomy and the lack of typical clinical symptoms, the disease is easily missed and misdiagnosed. This case report particularly describes a middle‐aged male patient with URCS misdiagnosed for more than 19 years, covered by hyperthyroid heart disease, who subsequently developed uncontrollable symptoms such as chest tightness and shortness of breath and came to our hospital. After a clear diagnosis in our hospital, the patient was successfully cured after treatment with coronary sinus repair and tricuspid valvuloplasty under extracorporeal circulation.
Laser‐Induced Carbon Nanofiber‐Based Redox Cycling System
Authors: Perju Antonia , Wongkaew Nongnoot
Published: September 2023

Redox cycling is a powerful amplification strategy for reversible redox species within miniaturized electrochemical sensors. Herein, we generate three‐dimensional (3D) porous carbon nanofiber electrodes by CO2 laser‐writing on electrospun polyimide (PI) nanofiber mats, referred to as laser‐induced carbon nanofibers (LCNFs). The technique allowed the fabrication of interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays with finger width and gap distance of ~400 μm and ~40 μm, respectively, offering approximately 3.5 times amplification efficiency (AF) and 95 % collection efficiency (CE). Such dimensions could not be achieved with IDEs fabricated on conventional PI film because the devices were short‐circuited. Stacked electrodes were also constructed as an alternative to the IDE design. Here, nanofiber mats as thin as ~20 μm were fabricated and used as vertical insulation between two LCNF band electrodes. While redox cycling efficiency was similar, the IDE design is more favorable considering the lower complexity and better signal reproducibility. Our strategy thus paves the way for creating flexible 3D porous electrodes with redox cycling ability that can be integrated into microfluidics and lab‐on‐a‐chip systems. In particular, the devices offer inherent flow‐through features in miniaturized analytical devices where separation and sensitive detection could be further realized.
Yin Yang 1 promotes the neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells via the non‐canonical WNT pathway (FYN/STAT3)
Authors: Liu Rui‐ji , Xu Zhi‐Peng , Huang Xiang , Xu Bin , Chen Ming
Published: September 2023

Background

A growing number of studies have shown that Yin Yang 1 (YY1) promotes the development of multiple tumours. The purpose of the current study was to determine the mechanism by which YY1 mediates neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer (NEPC) cells undergoing cellular plasticity.

Methods

Using the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, we bioinformatically analyzed YY1 expression in prostate cancer (PCa). Aberrant YY1 expression was validated in different PCa tissues and cell lines via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vivo and in vitro functional assays verified the oncogenicity of YY1 in PCa. Further functional assays showed that ectopic expression of YY1 promoted cellular plasticity in PCa cells via epithelial‐mesenchymal transition induction and neuroendocrine differentiation.

Results

Androgen deprivation therapy induced a decrease in YY1 protein ubiquitination, enhanced its stability, and thus enhanced the transcriptional activity of FZD8. Castration enhanced FZD8 binding to Wnt9A and mediated cellular plasticity by activating the non‐canonical Wnt (FZD8/FYN/STAT3) pathway.

Conclusions

We identified YY1 as a novel dysregulated transcription factor that plays an important role in NEPC progression in this study. We believe that an in‐depth investigation of the mechanism underlying YY1‐mediated disease may lead to improved NEPC therapies.
Leveraging longitudinal diffusion MRI data to quantify differences in white matter microstructural decline in normal and abnormal aging
Authors: Archer Derek B. , Schilling Kurt , Shashikumar Niranjana , Jasodanand Varuna , Moore Elizabeth E. , Pechman Kimberly R. , Bilgel Murat , Beason‐Held Lori L. , An Yang , Shafer Andrea , Ferrucci Luigi , Risacher Shannon L. , Gifford Katherine A. , Landman Bennett A. , Jefferson Angela L. , Saykin Andrew J. , Resnick Susan M. , Hohman Timothy J. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2023

Introduction

It is unclear how rates of white matter microstructural decline differ between normal aging and abnormal aging.

Methods

Diffusion MRI data from several well‐established longitudinal cohorts of aging (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI], Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging [BLSA], Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project [VMAP]) were free‐water corrected and harmonized. This dataset included 1723 participants (age at baseline: 72.8 ± 8.87 years, 49.5% male) and 4605 imaging sessions (follow‐up time: 2.97 ± 2.09 years, follow‐up range: 1–13 years, mean number of visits: 4.42 ± 1.98). Differences in white matter microstructural decline in normal and abnormal agers was assessed.

Results

While we found a global decline in white matter in normal/abnormal aging, we found that several white matter tracts (e.g., cingulum bundle) were vulnerable to abnormal aging.

Conclusions

There is a prevalent role of white matter microstructural decline in aging, and future large‐scale studies in this area may further refine our understanding of the underlying neurodegenerative processes.

HIGHLIGHTS

Longitudinal data were free‐water corrected and harmonized.

Global effects of white matter decline were seen in normal and abnormal aging.

The free‐water metric was most vulnerable to abnormal aging.

Cingulum free‐water was the most vulnerable to abnormal aging.
Evaluation of seed‐dispersal services by ants at a temperate pasture: Results of direct observations in an ant suppression experiment
Authors: Konečná Marie , Lisner Aleš , Blažek Petr , Pech Pavel , Lepš Jan
Published: September 2023

Ants disperse seeds of many plant species adapted to myrmecochory. While advantages of this ant–plant mutualism for myrmecochorous plants (myrmecochores) have been previously studied in temperate region mostly in forests, our study system was a pasture. Moreover, we used a unique combination of observing the effect of ant‐activity suppression on ant dispersal and comparison of the contribution of ant and unassisted dispersal to the distance from mother plant. We established plots without and with ant‐activity suppression (enclosures). We offered diaspores of a myrmecochorous (Knautia arvensis), and a non‐myrmecochorous (Plantago lanceolata) species in a choice test and followed ants carrying diaspores during days and nights (focus of previous studies was on diurnal dispersal). We measured frequency and distances of ant dispersal and compared them with unassisted dispersal recorded using sticky trap method. The dispersal frequency was lower in enclosures (3.16 times). Ants strongly preferred diaspores of the myrmecochore to non‐myrmecochore with 586 and 42 dispersal events, respectively (out of 6400 diaspores of each species offered). Ant dispersal resulted in more even and on average longer distances (maximum almost tenfold longer, 994 cm) in comparison to unassisted dispersal. Ant dispersal altered the distribution of distances of the myrmecochore from roughly symmetric for unassisted dispersal to positively skewed. Ants dispersed heavier diaspores farther. Ants dropped the majority of diaspores during the dispersal (which reduces clustering of seeds), while several (11%) were carried into anthills. Anthills are disturbed microsites presumably favorable for germination in competitive habitats. Ants provided non‐negligible dispersal services to myrmecochorous K. arvensis but also, to a lesser extent, of non‐myrmecochorous P. lanceolata.
Human gut microbiome: Therapeutic opportunities for metabolic syndrome—Hype or hope?
Authors: Horvath Angela , Zukauskaite Kristina , Hazia Olha , Balazs Irina , Stadlbauer Vanessa
Published: September 2023

Shifts in gut microbiome composition and metabolic disorders are associated with one another. Clinical studies and experimental data suggest a causal relationship, making the gut microbiome an attractive therapeutic goal. Diet, intake of probiotics or prebiotics and faecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) are methods to alter a person's microbiome composition. Although FMT may allow establishing a proof of concept to use microbiome modulation to treat metabolic disorders, studies show mixed results regarding the effects on metabolic parameters as well as on the composition of the microbiome. This review summarizes the current knowledge on diet, probiotics, prebiotics and FMT to treat metabolic diseases, focusing on studies that also report alterations in microbiome composition. Furthermore, clinical trial results on the effects of common drugs used to treat metabolic diseases are synopsized to highlight the bidirectional relationship between the microbiome and metabolic diseases. In conclusion, there is clear evidence that microbiome modulation has the potential to influence metabolic diseases; however, it is not possible to distinguish which intervention is the most successful. In addition, a clear commitment from all stakeholders is necessary to move forward in the direction of developing targeted interventions for microbiome modulation.
Environmental DNA and RNA in aquatic community ecology: Toward methodological standardization
Authors: Bunholi Ingrid V. , Foster Nicole R. , Casey Jordan M.
Published: September 2023

Molecular technologies have facilitated the expansion of biodiversity assessments across a broad range of organisms and aquatic systems. Environmental DNA (eDNA) and environmental RNA (eRNA), collectively referred to as environmental nucleic acids (eNAs), have revolutionized biodiversity monitoring due to their noninvasive nature and high‐resolution capabilities when compared to traditional survey methods. While eNA applications have grown exponentially over the past decade, methodological inconsistencies hinder reproducibility and comparability. To assess the current state of eNA methodologies in aquatic ecology, we conducted a systematic review of 300 peer‐reviewed eNA studies that assess ecological communities across diverse aquatic systems. Of these papers, 291 examine eDNA, four examine eRNA, and five consider both eDNA and eRNA. The small number of eRNA studies compared to eDNA highlights the eRNA field is in its infancy. Of the eNA studies looked at, we found a clear geographic bias, with approximately 50% of all eNA studies occurring in six high‐income countries, while less than 10% of eNA studies occur across South America and Africa. Further, we report a lack of methodological standardization across eNA studies, showing high variability in water filtration volume, filter material, filter pore size, eNA extraction method, marker choice, and bioinformatic pipelines. We further highlight that incomplete reference sequence databases for both eRNA and eDNA limit taxonomic assignment and biodiversity inferences. Finally, we identify a systematic issue across eNA studies in community ecology: missing methodological details, which compromise reproducibility, especially in newly emerging eRNA applications. To facilitate the standardization of eNA monitoring across aquatic systems and permit the further integration of eNA applications in biodiversity monitoring, we recommend the improvement of reference databases alongside guidelines that encourage methodological transparency.
Metal–organic framework‐derived LiFePO4/C composites for lithium storage: In situ construction, effective exploitation, and targeted restoration
Authors: Li Yilin , Fan Ziqiang , Peng Zhijian , Xu Zhaohui , Zhang Xinyu , Zhou Jian‐En , Lin Xiaoming , Wu Zhenyu , Zhao Enyue , Zeng Ronghua
Published: September 2023

Hitherto, LiFePO4 (LFP) is bottlenecked by inferior electronic conductivity and sluggish Li+ diffusion, which can be resolved by cation doping, morphological engineering, carbon coating, and so forth. Among these methodologies, morphological optimization and carbon modification can warrant a stable operating voltage and prolong the cycling lifespan, which can be accessible by utilizing metal–organic frameworks as self‐sacrificing templates. Herein, we conceptualize a strategy to in‐situ construct N‐doped carbon‐coated LFP with Prussian blue analogues as the template, after which electrochemical tests extensively exploit the lithium storage capacity with 153.2 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. However, the capacity failure associated with the inevitable Li+ loss and destructed carbon layer provides sufficient room for the restoration of LFP after long‐term cycling. Motivated by this, the cell performance of LFP/C after targeted restoration using the 3,4‐dihydroxybenzonitrile dilithium salt is investigated, revealing a considerable recovered capacity due to the recuperative LFP crystal and uniform carbon layer with homogeneous N‐distribution. The computational study also supports the feasibility of N‐doped carbon layer in LFP modification. This study envisages a methodology for the performance improvement of LFP from directional fabrication to targeted recovery, providing insights into the manufacturing and reuse of LIB cathodes.

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Lithofacies identification of shale formation based on mineral content regression using LightGBM algorithm: A case study in the Luzhou block, South Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhu Runhua , Zhai Shuo , Li Na , Li Chengyong
Published: September 2023

Lithofacies form the basis for evaluating shale gas fields and play an important role in gas reservoir enrichment. The accurate identification of shale lithofacies is key for exploration and development. Based on well‐logged data, the accuracy of mineral content prediction using machine‐learning regression models is not ideal. Therefore, feature derivation was introduced to enhance the correlation between minerals and lithofacies and improve the data expression ability. Four machine‐learning models for mineral regression were established based on feature‐derived data sets: LightGBM, XGBoost, artificial neural network, and support vector machine. By calculating the evaluation metrics of each model, we found that LightGBM had the best prediction performance. To compare and confirm the accuracy of the model in identifying lithofacies, this study established a new method, MT‐LightGBM, which combines the LightGBM mineral content regression model with mineral ternary diagrams to identify lithofacies. By using the MT‐LightGBM model and LightGBM classification models to identify the target lithofacies, it was found that the accuracy of lithofacies identification of MT‐LightGBM reached 94%. This accuracy is high and is of great significance for understanding and evaluating underground shale reservoirs.
Improved colloidal and oxidative stability of krill oil using natural biopolymers via spray drying microencapsulation
Authors: Li Xing , Wu Jiande , Liu Meiyu
Published: September 2023

Krill oil possesses strong antioxidant activity but has limited applications in the food industry due to its poor aqueous solubility, strong off‐flavours and susceptibility to oxidative degradation. This study was aimed to improve the colloidal and oxidative stability of krill oil via microencapsulation using spray drying. Whey protein isolate (WPI), maltodextrin (MD), carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and n‐octenylsuccinate starch (OSAS) were used as the microcapsule wall materials. The results showed that WPI+MD microcapsules had the optimum characterised properties compared to WPI+CMS and WPI+OSAS microcapsules. WPI+MD microcapsules possessed the highest encapsulation efficiency of 76.59%. The optimal air inlet temperature was 165°C, providing a high krill oil encapsulation efficiency and reducing concaveness on the microcapsule surfaces. Krill oil was distributed homogeneously inside the capsules and presented a good colloidal stability during an extended storage time. The antioxidant capacity against heat was simultaneously increased owing to the improved oxidative stability by microencapsulation. Consequently, this study provides useful guidelines for improving the stability and application of krill oil in the food industry.
Coincidental occurrence of bilateral neonatal testicular torsion, with an extravaginal and a contralateral intravaginal testicular torsion
Authors: Kirihana Yusuke , Sato Yuichi , Hata Junya , Imai Hitomi , Yoshida Yuki , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Ogawa Soichiro , Kojima Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2023

Introduction

We report a case of bilateral neonatal testicular torsion, with an extravaginal and a contralateral intravaginal testicular torsion.

Case presentation

A 5‐day‐old boy with bilateral scrotal swelling and palpable induration was diagnosed with bilateral neonatal testicular torsion by color Doppler ultrasonography. The right testis was black with 360‐degree extravaginal torsion of the spermatic cord, and the left testis was brown with 90‐degree intravaginal torsion. We repaired the torsion and incised the tunica albuginea to reduce intratesticular pressure. The left testis became pink in color, but the right testis remained unchanged. Based on the pathological findings of the intraoperative biopsy of tissue specimens from both testes, we performed a right orchiectomy and preserved the left testis.

Conclusions

Our experience suggests that testicular color improvement after fasciotomy and pathological findings of intraoperative testicular biopsy may indicate testicular preservation.
Low operating voltage memtransistors based on ion bombarded p‐type GeSe nanosheets for artificial synapse applications
Authors: Wang Jing , He Dong , Chen Rui , Xu Hang , Wang Hongbo , Yang Menghua , Zhang Qi , Jiang Changzhong , Li Wenqing , Ouyang Xiaoping , Xiao Xiangheng
Published: September 2023

Two‐dimensional (2D) layered materials have many potential applications in memristors owing to their unique atomic structures and electronic properties. Memristors can overcome the in‐memory bottleneck for use in brain‐like neuromorphic computing. However, exploiting additional lateral memtransistors based on 2D layered materials remains challenging. There are few studies on p‐type semiconductors that have not been theoretically analyzed. In this study, a lateral memtransistor based on p‐type GeSe nanosheets is investigated. A three‐terminal GeSe memtransistor that modulated the interfacial barrier height was fabricated using low‐energy ion irradiation; the memtransistor exhibited a low operating voltage. The memtransistor successfully mimics biological synapse, including neuroplasticity functions, such as short‐term plasticity, long‐term plasticity, paired‐pulse facilitation, and spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity. The mechanism of interfacial modulation was verified by experimental results and theoretical calculations. The results show that it is feasible to modulate the interface of 2D GeSe nanosheets using low‐energy ion irradiation to realize a lateral memtransistor. This may provide promising opportunities for artificial neuromorphic system applications based on 2D layered materials.

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