bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B using Aqueous
Free-Base Porphyrin and Metalloporphyrins of Mn, Fe and Sn
Authors: Gokakakar S.D. , Salker A.V.
Published: March 2022

The aqueous-porphyrins used in clinical studies for photodynamic therapy (PDT) are exploited as the
photocatalysts for the first time in the photodegradation of rhodamine B in the acetone medium. The
porphyrins such as free-base porphyrin TPPS4 and MnTPPS4Cl, FeTPPS4Cl, a dimer (FeTPPS4)2-O
and SnTPPS4Cl2 were synthesized and characterized by ultraviolet-visible, infrared, 1H NMR ,
fluorescence spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The band-gap energies of the respective porphyrins
were determined using DRS spectroscopy. They have shown 100% degradation of the dye within
25-40 min, which was confirmed by HPLC and ion-chromatography. This has revealed that
semiconductor aqueous-porphyrins may be a good choice as photocatalysts in the photodegradation
of rhodamine B dye.
Electrochemical Activation of Nickel Oxide Incorporated Aluminum-Zinc
Alloy Matrix as an Efficient Sacrificial Anode in Marine Environments
Authors: Binoj K.K.
Published: March 2022

For cathodic protection of steel, the aluminium-zinc alloy sacrificial anodes incorporated with nickel
oxide nanoparticles were fabricated. The metallurgical properties of Al-Zn sacrificial anodes enhanced
substantially through the infiltration and uniform dispersion of nickel oxide nanoparticles into an
Al-Zn matrix. Such effective and uniform presence of nano nickel oxide inside the interior mass of the
anodes was characterized by electrochemical techniques. The anodes showed considerably low
polarization, steady and high active open circuit potential and substantially decreased self-corrosion
during galvanic exposure for prolonged periods. The presence of nickel oxide nanoparticles in the
anode matrix caused effective destruction of the passive aluminia film, which facilitated enrichment
of galvanic performance of the anode. The anode had high resistance against biofouling also.
Lead(II) Schiff Base Complexes: Design, Synthesis,
Theoretical, Antibacterial and Docking Studies
Authors: Sharma Anupama , Singh Shivendra , Singh Harlal
Published: March 2022

This study presented the bioactive lead(II) compounds of oxazine and thiazine Schiff-bases using
NMR (1H, 13C), FT-infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible, molar conductance, elemental analysis and
molecular weight. The molecular parameters e.g. bond length, bond angle, HOMO/LUMO energy
gap and softness/hardness was calculated by DFT-B3LYP/Lanl2dz basis set. According to the spectral
data, the Schiff-base coordinated to the lead atom in bidentate mode. A theoretical DFT computational
investigation was conducted to supplement the experimental data. The antibacterial activity of lead
complexes against E. coli (–) and S. aureus (+) bacteria was determined by disc-diffusion method.
Lead complexes of thiazine derivatives are more active than oxazine derivatives. In order to better
understand the molecular interaction and binding mode of the drugs, a molecular docking study has
been carried out on the protein 3q8u (NDK) from S. aureus. A docking investigation with the NDK
protein (S. aureus) revealed that compound 1h has the highest binding affinity (-8.18 Kcal/mol) among
the eight ligands (1a-h).
Green Synthesis and in vitro Anti-Tubercular Activity of
Monometallic and Bimetallic Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Kalyankar Vidya K. , Honmore Varsha S. , Waghmode Shobha A. , Dagade Sharada P.
Published: March 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with limited drugs and currently the research is focused on
its prevention, diagnosis and treatment. In recent studies, it is observed that the therapeutics approach
of tuberculosis is more convenient to use nanoparticles for the treatment. With this regard, we foccussed
present study towards modified green synthesis of monometallic oxide and bimetallic Cu-Zn and
Cu-Mn oxide nanoparticles using Ficus religosa extract. All the synthesized bimetallic Cu-Zn oxide
and Cu-Mn oxide nanoparticles were characterized by powdered XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM with EDS
reports and ESR spectra. All the monometallic and bimetallic oxide nanoparticles were tested for in
vitro anti-tubercular, antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. The Cu-Mn oxide nanoparticles showed
promising result with IC50 = 6.27 μg/mL, MIC = 53.61 μg/mL and IC50 = 8.81 μg/mL, MIC= 54.82
μg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Ra at dormant state and active state, respectively. Whereas Cu-Zn
and Cu-Mn oxide nanoparticles showed moderate effect against M. tuberculosis H37Ra. On the other
hand, all these nanoparticles were inactive against two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacterial
strains with low cytotoxicity.
Interpolazioni greche nella tradizione manoscritta di servio
Authors: Stock Fabio , Ramires Giuseppe
Published: March 2022

Copisti medievali, dotati di qualche conoscenza del greco, non si limitavano a riprodurre e restaurare parole e sequenze in greco presenti nelle opere latine copiate, ma talora effettuavano aggiunte ed interpolazioni in caratteri greci. Nell’articolo sono esaminati alcuni casi relativi alla tradizione serviana, in codici di tradizione insulare. L’analisi consente in alcuni casi di correggere il testo del commento pubblicato da Thilo.
Construcción de la rival amorosa en la Heroida 5 de Ovidio: Helena a través de la voz enunciativa de Enone
Authors: Barreto Elina Mariel
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo abordamos la figura de Helena como rival amorosa en la Heroida 5, cuya redacción –en el plano ficcional– Ovidio atribuye a Enone. A través del análisis de distintos lexemas y sintagmas intentaremos demostrar que la voz enunciativa construye un relato con la intención de realzar su imagen y conmover al héroe para que regrese; y que, en contraste, pone en juicio las acciones de su rival con términos que cuestionan sus cualidades morales, su naturaleza fiable y sus deberes matrimoniales, centrando toda la responsabilidad del abandono en las acciones de la espartana. Asimismo, mostraremos cómo, de acuerdo con el entramado de referencias intra e intertextuales que operan en torno a la figura de Helena en la tradición literaria, la voz de Enone construida por Ovidio no se limita a presentar a la rival como la causante de una desgracia personal, sino también como el motivo del padecimiento de pueblos y héroes.
Behavioral Patterns Inventory: A reliability and validity study
Authors: Başhan İbrahim , Selvi Hüseyin , Özdemir Asena Ayça
Published: March 2022

Aim:  There are many studies concerning behavioral models, to the best of our knowledge, no such study has been conducted in the field of medical education. To fill this gap and contribute to education and academic literature, we aimed to develop a valid, reliable and easily accessible perceived behavior patterns inventory.
Methods: Data were collected from 851 medical students using an inventory form. The inventory developed consisted of a total of four scales reflecting the behavioral patterns. 109 items were created for the scales. The items in the inventory form were scored based on a five-point Likert-scale. Reliability and validity analyses were conducted separately for each scale. The construct  validity  of the scales  was  examined  using  the exploratory and confirmatory  factor analysis,  and their reliability was examined with the alpha reliability coefficient.
Findings: The calculated alpha reliability values of the scales ranged between 0.71 and 0.79, and the variance rates were between 44.638 and 55.374. These values are acceptable and appropriate to the previously determined standards.
Conclusions: Findings obtained from the reliability study and factor analysis show that the developed inventory is reliable and valid for behavioral structures.
Modality of Chinese Crossbreed Politicians in Local Democratization
Authors: Festianto Dian , Usboko Ignasius
Published: March 2022

This research aimed at explaining the use of Chinese crossbreed politicians’ modality in the electoral political domain. This research uses the concept of modalities. The results showed that the utilization of Chinese crossbreed identity by politicians took place in three areas, namely the general public, the mass base, and political parties. The dualism of identity—the crossbreed between Indonesian Chinese descendants and Timorese-is a result of the giving of clans’ identity and intermarriage with local aristocrats, the dominating figures in the economic sector, and the holders of high positions in the elite ranks of political parties. The cross-identities were mobilized and turned out to be quite effective in the election of Chinese crossbreed politicians in the legislative body in the 2019 general election. This is inversely proportional to the Chinese crossbreed politicians women who have local maternal clans. The political practice shown by Chinese crossbreed politicians, on the one hand, strengthens identity politics but on the other hand, strengthens the political representation of minorities in the crossborder area of Indonesia and Timor Leste.
Construction of Self-Identity: “Blusukan” as the Strategy of Campaigning for Surakarta City Mayor Election
Authors: Gama Betty , Sudardi Bani , Abdullah Wakit , Wijaya Mahendra
Published: March 2022

In political communication, “blusukan” (impromptu visit) is called door to door campaign, in which candidates conduct face-to-face communication by visiting the people directly. This situation creates personal intimacy in the sense of there is no physical distance and formal protocolary distance. People can see the personality of their candidate leaders closely. This face-to-face communication meeting can be interpreted that the candidates "nguwongke" (humanizing), putting the people not onto the context of profit-loss-based rational relation (between the electorate and the elected), but putting them as partners inseparable from the successful candidate leader. This study is based on fieldwork in Surakarta during the mayor election, applied in-depth interviews with politicians. While in ancient times the leader conducted "blusukan" to know his people’s condition, “blusukan” during the campaign for Mayor Election is conducted to socialize or to introduce the couples to the people. Having known the candidates, people are expected to think of whether or not they will elect them.
Fragmentasi Politik dan Habitus: Kasus Persaingan Sesama Calon Legislatif Etnis Tionghoa di Tiga Pemilu
Authors: Sinaga Rudi Salam , Adam Adam
Published: March 2022

Studi ini beranjak dari fenomena meningkatnya jumlah calon legislatif (caleg) etnis Tionghoa di tiga pemilu (2004, 2009, 2014) pada konteks pemilihan anggota dewan perwakilan rakyat daerah (DPRD) Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Permasalahan dalam studi ini terjadi persaingan yang semakin kuat antara sesama caleg etnis Tionghoa pada daerah pemilihan (dapil) sumatra utara (Sumut) 1 yang menimbulkan munculnya pertanyaan penelitian dalam studi ini mengapa caleg etnis Tionghoa memilih maju di dapil Sumut 1 dan bagaimana mobilisasi suara dilakukan?. Untuk menemukan jawaban terhadap penelitian ini maka studi ini menetapkan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data wawancara, studi pustaka dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan temuan yang berbeda dari penelitian terdahulu yang menyebutkan kebangkitan semangat etnis di era pasca-Soeharto tidak terjadi di kota Medan secara spesifik pada lokasi studi ini. Temuan yang didapatkan terjadi fragmentasi politik di kalangan etnis Tionghoa yang dibentuk oleh Habitus yang ada pada area masing-masing. Tingginya persaingan sesama caleg etnis Tionghoa di dapil Sumut 1 sebagai pertanda bahwa demokrasi dengan sistem pemilu proporsional terbuka mengurangi peningkatan sentimen etnis dalam pemilu. Pada sisi lainnya area domisili dan mobilitas bisnis yang tinggi seperti Kota Medan dianggap sebagai dapil yang bergengsi untuk mengukur kemampuan keterampilan politik di pemilu.
Právní úprava ochrany volně žijících živočichů
Authors: Křížová Barbora
Published: March 2022

This article contains the main conclusions of a dissertation on legal regulation of wild animal protection, which was written within a doctoral study at the Faculty of Law, Charles University (Department of Environmental Law). The main goal of the dissertation was to comprehensively describe and analyse the legal regulation in detail, including its current legislative development, and to process a complete set of the international, EU, and Czech legal regulation in the field of wild animal protection. Wild animals are protected within the biodiversity protection and nature and landscape conservation, which can be divided into territorial and species protection, when this article focuses mainly on the species one. The article consists of three main parts, which focus on the international, European Union and Czech legal regulation. The text of the article was completed on 15 October 2021.
K uplatňování správněprávní odpovědnosti při složkové ochraně životního prostředí se zaměřením na ochranu ovzduší
Authors: Fiala Zdeněk
Published: March 2022

The aim of this paper is to outline the current condition and identify development trends in the application of administrative liability in the field of component (ecosystem) environmental protection. For this purpose, the author first summarizes the theoretical basis of the application of administrative liability, which he confronts with the application practice, which is presented through the analysis of annual reports of administrative offenses prepared by central administrative authorities according to § 110 of Act No. 250/2016 Sb., annual activity reports of Czech Environmental Inspectorate and demonstrates in more detail on air protection.
On reference trajectory generation for overhead crane travel movements
Authors: Wahrburg Arne , Jurvanen Janne , Niemelä Matias , Holmberg Mikael
Published: March 2022

Input shaping is a well-established approach for suppressing oscillations in systems with flexible modes. When applying input shaping, it is common to assume the system to be at rest initially, i. e., the initial conditions of the oscillatory part of the system have to be at zero. In this paper, we propose a method that allows relaxing the aforementioned assumption for a large class of input signals. The approach relies on the standard input shaper structure but re-parameterizes the shaper such that non-zero initial conditions are cancelled out by the inputs, resulting in zero residual oscillation. Natural physical limitations of the concept are discussed and the application to overhead cranes is presented. The method is validated both in simulation as well as in experiments using a small scale crane. In addition, a simplified trajectory generator is presented that tailors a standard seven-segment jerk-limited motion profile such that zero residual vibrations are achieved without any dedicated input shaping.
Bioactive triterpenoids from Indonesian medicinal plant Syzygium aqueum
Authors: Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Aung Ei Ei , Aminah Nanik Siti , Takaya Yoshiaki , Aung Hnin Thanda , Ramadhan Rico
Published: March 2022

A large common species, Syzygium aqueum, belonging to the genus Syzygium possesses numerous bioactive phytochemical constituents. Moreover, the different parts of this species have been used as folk medicine since centuries ago. In this study, a phytochemical exploration was carried out on the plant’s stem bark. Isolation of the compounds was carried out through the extraction step with some organic solvents, followed by separation and purification using chromatography techniques until the two triterpenoids were isolated from nonpolar and semipolar extracts. Structure elucidation was done using spectroscopic methods. These compounds were identified as alphitolic acid and arjunolic acid. Subsequently, these two compounds were used in anticancer tests against human cancer cells HeLa, T47D, and A549 using colorimetric assay. The result showed that both compounds showed more inhibition of the growth of HeLa and T47D than A549 cancer cells, with the highest activity shown by arjunolic acid against HeLa cell lines.
An effective integrated machine learning approach for detecting diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Pragathi Penikalapati , Nagaraja Rao Agastyaraju
Published: March 2022

Millions of people across the world are suffering from diabetic retinopathy. This disease majorly affects the retina of the eye, and if not identified priorly causes permanent blindness. Hence, detecting diabetic retinopathy at an early stage is very important to safeguard people from blindness. Several machine learning (ML) algorithms are implemented on the dataset of diabetic retinopathy available in the UCI ML repository to detect the symptoms of diabetic retinopathy. But, most of those algorithms are implemented individually. Hence, this article proposes an effective integrated ML approach that uses the support vector machine (SVM), principal component analysis (PCA), and moth-flame optimization techniques. Initially, the ML algorithms decision tree (DT), SVM, random forest (RF), and Naïve Bayes (NB) are applied to the diabetic retinopathy dataset. Among these, the SVM algorithm is outperformed with an average of 76.96% performance. Later, all the aforementioned ML algorithms are implemented by integrating the PCA technique to reduce the dimensions of the dataset. After integrating PCA, it is noticed that the performance of the algorithms NB, RF, and SVM is reduced dramatically; on the contrary, the performance of DT is increased. To improve the performance of ML algorithms, the moth-flame optimization technique is integrated with SVM and PCA. This proposed approach is outperformed with an average of 85.61% performance among all the other considered ML algorithms, and the classification of class labels is achieved correctly.
On 𝑆-weakly prime ideals of commutative rings
Authors: Mahdou Najib , Moutui Moutu Abdou Salam , Zahir Youssef
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of an 𝑆-weakly prime ideal which is a generalization of a weakly prime ideal.
Let 𝐴 be a commutative ring and 𝑆 a multiplicative set of 𝐴.
We define a proper ideal 𝑃 of 𝐴 to be 𝑆-weakly prime if there exists

s
∈
S

s\in S

such that, for all

a
,
b

∈
A

a,b\in A

with

0
≠

a
⁢
b

∈
P

0\neq ab\in P

, then

s
⁢
a

∈
P

sa\in P

or

s
⁢
b

∈
P

sb\in P

.
We describe the behavior of an 𝑆-weakly prime property across various ring-theoretic constructions such as direct product, homomorphic image, localization, trivial ring extensions and amalgamation rings.
Straightforward route for terbium oxide powders: synthesis, morphology, and microstructural parameters
Authors: Ünal Fatma
Published: March 2022

The goals of this study lie in the endeavour to synthesise terbium oxide powders, calculation of the average crystallite size, lattice parameter, lattice strain and dislocation density by using X-ray diffraction peak broadenings and, particularly, examination of the effects of precursor molarity on morphology, microstructural parameters and crystal imperfections. The X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated that the powders had pure cubic bixbyite body-centred phase with high crystallinity. The crystallite size values varied between 21.05 and 31.45 nm depending on both precursor molarity and four different calculation methods, i.e. Debye–Scherrer, modified Debye–Scherrer, Williamson–Hall and Halder–Wagner methods. It was found that regardless of the calculation method, there was a positive relationship between the average crystallite size values and the precursor molarity, and it was concluded that the crystallinity was improved. The lattice strain values calculated by both the Williamson–Hall analysis integrated with the uniform deformation model and the Halder–Wagner methods showed that the tensile stress in the structure became more effective with increasing precursor molarity. The lattice strain values calculated using the Halder–Wagner method were approximately 10 times higher than those of the Williamson–Hall method because of reflections at low and mid angles in X-ray diffraction data. The dislocation density values calculated using the Williamson–Smallman method demonstrated that a decrease in crystal defects occurred with increasing molarity, that is, the crystallinity was enhanced. The presence of Tb–O bonds was proved by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showing that terbium carbonate powders were converted into terbium oxide by the calcination process. A nearly round morphology of produced terbium oxide powders were clearly shown in scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. Increasing positive tensile stress in the lattice increased the particle size and changed the powder morphology from agglomerated nearly round grains to rod-like bundles.
Effective factors and challenges of forming transformational education in the nursing education system: a qualitative study
Authors: Ghorbani Azam , Mohammadi Nooredin , Rooddehghan Zahra , Bakhshi Fatemeh , Nasrabadi Alireza Nikbakht
Published: March 2022

Objectives

In the nursing education system, evolution is required to train qualified and professionally competent nurses who can face workplace challenges and evolving needs of societies. This study aimed to explore effective factors and challenges of the formation of transformational education in the nursing education system.

Methods

This was a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach. Twenty-four individuals participated through purposive and theoretical sampling. The authors collected data using semi-structured interviews and analyzed them by Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (4th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publication grounded-theory method.

Results

Findings showed the process of formation of transformational education which encompasses four concepts including, “transformational leadership”, “effective learning”, “necessity of foresight in education”, and “inhibitors of educational transformation”. Transformational education is a complex and multidimensional education.

Conclusions

Implementation of this education requires preparing transformational leaders, planning to empower faculty members and students, and preparing for the challenges facing the education system.
Teachers as foreign Language Makers: on standard language ideology, authenticity and language expertise
Authors: Vogl Ulrike , De Wilde Truus
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is twofold: first, we apply the concept of “Language Making” – which is introduced in this thematic issue – to the domain of foreign language learning and teaching. More specifically, we investigate the role of teachers, as well as other social actors in the domain of foreign language education, in the making of foreign languages, i.e., their role in selecting varieties and forms that they deem appropriate to be learned. We assess how they justify their selections and which language ideologies inform their choices. A specific focus is on how these “foreign Language Makers” construe their linguistic expertise: how do they argue for the legitimacy of their “foreign Language Making”? Second, we argue that present day conceptions of the “ideal language teacher” have their roots in the past. Therefore, we include two case studies: our first case study zooms in on the Early Modern period and draws on introductions to foreign language textbooks from the 16th and 17th centuries. Our main sources are the multilingual textbooks of the Colloquia, et dictionariolum as well as the work of Gerard De Vivre, a language teacher and textbook author from Ghent who published French language textbooks for Dutch- and German-speaking learners in the second half of the 16th century. The second case study focuses on present-day teachers who teach Dutch as a foreign language at universities outside of the Dutch-speaking language area. For this analysis, we make use of data from qualitative interviews with 20 teachers, collected in 2015. We analyse, contrast and compare these cases, thereby taking into account the dynamics of socio-political and language ideological changes of the past centuries.
Scholars and their metaphors: on Language Making in linguistics
Authors: Jakobs Marlena , Hüning Matthias
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the powerful role of metaphors in the process of Language Making throughout the history of linguistics. It departs from the assumption that metaphors play an essential role both in the formation of scientific theories and in common conceptions of language. We want to illuminate to what extent metaphors are involved in language ideologies, and we investigate their role in linguistic theory formation. After introducing different approaches to metaphor theory, we show how metaphorization in linguistics can lead to biological, territorial and liquid concepts of language. Finally, we discuss the need for a re-evaluation of language concepts within the discipline.
MSE-optimal K-factor of the Elo rating system for round-robin tournament
Authors: Chan Victor
Published: March 2022

The Elo rating system contains a coefficient called the K-factor which governs the amount of change to the updated ratings and is often determined by empirical or heuristic means. Theoretical studies on the K-factor have been sparse and not much is known about the pertinent factors that impact its appropriate values in applications. This paper has two main goals: to present a new formulation of the K-factor that is optimal with respect to the mean-squared-error (MSE) criterion in a round-robin tournament setting and to investigate the effects of the relevant variables, including the number of tournament participants n, on the optimal K-factor (based on the model-averaged MSE). It is found that n and the variability of the deviation between the true rating and the pre-tournament rating have a strong influence on the optimal K-factor. Comparisons between the MSE-optimal K-factor and the K-factors from Elo and from the US Chess Federation as a function of n are also provided. Although the results are applicable to other sports in similar settings, the study focuses on chess and makes use of the rating data and the K-factor values from the chess world.
High-performance silicon polarization switch based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer integrated with polarization-dependent mode converters
Authors: Zhao Weike , Liu Ruoran , Peng Yingying , Yi Xiaolin , Chen Haitao , Dai Daoxin
Published: March 2022

As the key element for optical systems, polarization controllers with versatile functionalities are highly desired. Here, a CMOS-compatible polarization switch is proposed and realized by using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer integrated with two polarization-dependent mode converters (PDMCs) at the input/output ends. The PDMCs, which utilize the mode hybridness and adiabatic mode evolution in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ridge waveguide taper, provide a low-loss adiabatic transmission for the launched TE0 mode as well as efficient mode conversion from the launched TM0 mode to the TE1 mode. For the MZI structure, there are two 1 × 2 dual-mode 3-dB power splitters based on a triple-core adiabatic taper, and two thermally-tunable phase-shifters embedded in the arms. The polarization state and the polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the transmitted light can be dynamically tuned by introducing some phase difference between the MZI arms electrically. The fabricated device has an excess loss of ∼0.6 dB for the TE0 and TM0 modes. When the switch is off, the TE0 and TM0 modes go through the device without exchange. In contrast, when the switch is on, the TE0–TM0 conversion occurs and the measured PER is about 20 dB.
Keqi (客气) in historical Chinese: evidence from metapragmatic comments
Authors: Li Hui
Published: March 2022

Keqi is a politeness1-related metalexeme in both historical and contemporary Chinese. It is often understood as synonymous to the etic metalexeme “polite”. This article explores the meaning of keqi in historical Chinese by delineating the shared characteristics of the verbal and non-verbal behaviors that are interpreted as keqi in participants’ metapragmatic comments (99 cases of bubi keqi, 66 cases of buyong keqi, and 16 cases of bie keqi) in historical Chinese and by analyzing how the practice of keqi impacts the ongoing interaction. We find that the practice of keqi should be understood as a type of relational ritual and that it can be understood as a ritual frame indicating practice which indicates an emergent standard situation. As a metalexeme, keqi is different from politeness in that it is associated with the operation of ritual frame indication in a behavioral act, while politeness is associated with the operation of other-attentiveness. In cases where both the operations are possible, the interpretation of a behavior as keqi or polite depends on which operation is more salient to the recipient.
GMEPS: a fast and efficient likelihood approach for genome-wide mediation analysis under extreme phenotype sequencing
Authors: Liyanage Janaka S. S. , Estepp Jeremie H. , Srivastava Kumar , Li Yun , Mori Motomi , Kang Guolian
Published: March 2022

Due to many advantages such as higher statistical power of detecting the association of genetic variants in human disorders and cost saving, extreme phenotype sequencing (EPS) is a rapidly emerging study design in epidemiological and clinical studies investigating how genetic variations associate with complex phenotypes. However, the investigation of the mediation effect of genetic variants on phenotypes is strictly restrictive under the EPS design because existing methods cannot well accommodate the non-random extreme tails sampling process incurred by the EPS design. In this paper, we propose a likelihood approach for testing the mediation effect of genetic variants through continuous and binary mediators on a continuous phenotype under the EPS design (GMEPS). Besides implementing in EPS design, it can also be utilized as a general mediation analysis procedure. Extensive simulations and two real data applications of a genome-wide association study of benign ethnic neutropenia under EPS design and a candidate-gene study of neurocognitive performance in patients with sickle cell disease under random sampling design demonstrate the superiority of GMEPS under the EPS design over widely used mediation analysis procedures, while demonstrating compatible capabilities under the general random sampling framework.
La construcción de la rivalidad River-Boca. Símbolos, discursos y rituales del hinchismo en el proceso de popularización del fútbol / The construction of the River-Boca rivalry. Symbols, speeches and rituals of the claques in the process of popularization
Authors: Hasicic Germán
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo ofrece una mirada hacia atrás, cuyo objetivo ha sido relevar y analizar dos aspectos clave: por un lado, la incorporación del fútbol como bien cultural en nuestro país y su impacto en los modos de socialización –principalmente el rol del club– en una etapa donde lo nacional fluctuaba a raíz las oleadas migratorias de fines de siglo XIX y principios del XX; por el otro, la historia del Club Atlético River Plate, desde su fundación hasta la actualidad, enfatizando en aquellos aspectos culturales, simbólicos y territoriales que han contribuido a la construcción identitaria de la institución.
Análisis de la colección bicentenario “Nuestra Historia Republicana” / Analysis of the bicentennial collection "Our Republican History”
Authors: Del Valle María Elena , Liberatore Porras Génesis Carolina
Published: March 2022

La educación constituye el pilar fundamental para la formación de sus ciudadanos y el desarrollo de sus naciones, es por ello que los textos que se empleen para su entendimiento sean precisos, claros y carezcan de subjetividades. El presente ensayo pretende analizar el libro de la Colección Bicentenario de segundo año de la educación secundaria, Nuestra Historia Republicana. Tiene como finalidad principal estudiar si este texto escolar posee los elementos necesarios para que se desarrolle en Venezuela una educación justa, libre y objetiva. Dicho de otra forma, busca evaluar si a través de la utilización de dicho texto escolar, como herramienta principal para el proceso de aprendizaje, permite que los estudiantes se nutran del proceso histórico venezolano desde un punto de vista neutro, crítico y racional.
Historia del pensamiento semiótico 1. La Antigüedad Grecolatina / History of Semiotic Thinking. The Greco-Roman Antiquity
Authors: Padilla Castillo Graciela
Published: March 2022

Ésta es la primera parte de una obra total, concebida en tres volúmenes, que abarca de la Antigüedad Grecolatina hasta nuestros días. La primera entrega, aquí reseñada, corresponde a la primera parte, publicada en 2014 con una ayuda a la edición del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Empieza con los textos homéricos y acaba con Agustín de Hipona, el primer autor que habla explícitamente de semiótica general.
Improved Sleep, Memory, and Cellular Pathological Features of Tauopathy, Including the NLRP3 Inflammasome, after Chronic Administration of Trazodone in rTg4510 Mice
Authors: de Oliveira Paula , Cella Claire , Locker Nicolas , Ravindran Kiran K. G. , Mendis Agampodi , Wafford Keith , Gilmour Gary , Dijk Derk-Jan , Winsky-Sommerer Raphaelle
Published: March 2022

Several cellular pathways contribute to neurodegenerative tauopathy-related disorders. Microglial activation, a major component of neuroinflammation, is an early pathologic hallmark that correlates with cognitive decline, while the unfolded protein response (UPR) contributes to synaptic pathology. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in tauopathies and may also contribute to disease progression. Few studies have investigated whether manipulations of sleep influence cellular pathologic and behavioral features of tauopathy. We investigated whether trazodone, a licensed antidepressant with hypnotic efficacy in dementia, can reduce disease-related cellular pathways and improve memory and sleep in male rTg4510 mice with a tauopathy-like phenotype. In a 9 week dosing regimen, trazodone decreased microglial NLRP3 inflammasome expression and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase levels, which correlated with the NLRP3 inflammasome, the UPR effector ATF4, and total tau levels. Trazodone reduced theta oscillations during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and enhanced REM sleep duration. Olfactory memory transiently improved, and memory performance correlated with REM sleep duration and theta oscillations. These findings on the effects of trazodone on the NLRP3 inflammasome, the unfolded protein response and behavioral hallmarks of dementia warrant further studies on the therapeutic value of sleep-modulating compounds for tauopathies.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDementia and associated behavioral symptoms such as memory loss and sleep disturbance are debilitating. Identifying treatments that alleviate symptoms and concurrently target cellular pathways contributing to disease progression is paramount for the patients and their caregivers. Here we show that a chronic treatment with trazodone, an antidepressant with positive effects on sleep, has beneficial effects on several cellular pathways contributing to neuroinflammation and tau pathology, in tauopathy-like rTg4510 mice. Trazodone also improved rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the slowing of brain oscillations, and olfactory memory disturbances, which are all early symptoms observed in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, trazodone and compounds with REM sleep-promoting properties may represent a promising treatment approach to reduce the early symptoms of tauopathy and slow down disease progression.
Mathematical model depicting the deposition kinetics process into rf-magnetron co-sputtering of strontium barium titanate thin films
Authors:   Q and P Consulting, Justo Sierra S/N, Col. Santa Bárbara, Azcapotzalco, Z.P. 02230, CDMX México, Reséndiz-Muñoz J. , Zagaceta-Álvarez M. T. ,   Higher School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (ESIME-IPN-AZ), Azcapotzalco Unit, National Polytechnic Institute, Av. Granjas, Mexico City, Z.P.02250, México, Fernández-Muñoz J. L. ,   National Polytechnic Institute, CICATA-IPN Legaria Unit, Legaria 694 Avenue, Col. Irrigación, Miguel Hidalgo, Z.P. 11500 Mexico City, México, Gruintal-Santos M. A. ,   Autonomous University of Guerrero, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Master in Agricultural Sciences and Local Management. Tuxpan Unit, km 2.5 Carretera Iguala-Tuxpan, Iguala de la Independencia, Guerrero, México. Z.P.40101.
Published: March 2022

"Thin films deposition kinetics of BaXSr1-XTiO3 (BST)/nichrome is modeled by the stoichiometric rate of a perovskite-type material such as ABO3, where cations A, B, and the anion oxygen should ideally have a 1:1:3 rate, respectively. The experimental stoichiometry data measured by EDS on films of 240 nm, and the Ba/Sr, (Ba+Sr)/Ti rates considered in percentages starting from arithmetic and the sigmoidal relationship between Ba and Sr. They show relationships in sigmoidal, exponential, and parabolic mathematical functions that together describe the BST thin films deposition kinetics by means of RFMagnetron Co-Sputtering (RFMCS). The proposed mathematical model is fundamental to optimize, explain and use the deposition process working conditions, such as the working pressure, the Ar/O2 rate in percentage, and sccm. The controlled applied power on each BaTiO3 (BTO) and SrTiO3 (STO) targets achieve more accurate stoichiometry in thin films deposition for solid solutions on quaternary materials."
Schematic synthesis of cobalt-oxide (Co3O4) supported cobalt-sulfide (CoS) composite for oxygen evolution reaction
Authors:   Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China, Samo A. H. , Aftab U. ,   Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, 76080, Jamshoro, Pakistan, Cao D. X. ,   Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, PR China, Ahmed M. ,   Institute of Process Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China, Lakhan M. N. ,   School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, PR China, Kumar V. ,   Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Asif A. ,   College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, PR, China, Ali A. ,   College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Published: March 2022

Development of electrocatalysts has received great attention for storage and energy conversion technologies. Different electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been produced and investigated but their role is not sufficient to mark of Ruthenium oxide (RuO2). Therefore, it is global requirement to produce an efficient, lower cost and earth-abundant electrocatalyst for OER. Herein, cobalt oxide-cobalt sulfide (Co3O4-CoS2) composite have been synthesized via hydrothermal chemical method with active performance OER. The desired overpotential is 280 mV to achieve current density of 20 mA cm-2 of as prepared composite with Tafel slope value of 74 mV dec-1 . As prepared Co3O4-CoS2 composite has efficient stability of 30 hours for long term electrochemical performance.
Functionalization of surgical meshes with antibacterial hybrid Ag@crown nanoparticles
Authors:   Baku State University, Chemical Department, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan, Hasanova U. A. , Aliyev A. R. ,   Baku State University, Chemical Department, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan, Hasanovaa I. R. ,   Baku State University, Chemical Department, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan, Gasimov E. M. ,   Azerbaijan Medical University, Surgical Department Bakikhanov str. 23, AZ 1022, Baku, Azerbaijan, Hajiyeva S. F. ,   Baku State University, Chemical Department, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan, Israyilovac A. A. ,   Department of Molecular biology and Biotechnology, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan, Ganbarov Kh. G. ,   Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ1148, Baku Azerbijan, Gakhramanova Z. O. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azadlıq Ave 16/21, AZ1010, Baku, Azerbaijan, Huseynova P. F. ,   Ganja State University, Chemical Department, Shah Ismayil Khetayi Ave, Ganja, Azerbaijan, Amrahov N. R ,   Department of Molecular biology and Biotechnology, Baku State University, Z.Khalilov 23, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: March 2022

We report here on functionalization of surgical meshes (PVDF) with novel hybrid material, consisting of Ag@crown nanoparticles, embedded on CaCO3/PEG nanosheets. Nanosheets of PEG 4000 with average thickness of 25 nm enclosing CaCO3 nanoparticles with average sizes of 150 nm were applied for sustained release of Ag@crown nanoparticles that in turn serve as antibacterial agent. The characterization of obtained hybrid nanostructures was carried out by microscopic and spectroscopic methods. Microbiological tests confirmed the effectiveness of hybrid material, consisting of Ag@crown nanoparticles, embedded in CaCO3/PEG nanostructure, as an antibacterial coating for surgical meshes. This coating was applied to insure antibacterial properties of meshes against microorganism colonization, in order to significantly improve their action in typical applications.
Influences of Sn/Cu single doping and CO-doping on the structure and photocatalytic property of anatase/rutile mixed crystal TiO2 nanomaterials under UV-visible light
Authors:   Intelligent Manufacturing College, Chengdu Jincheng College, Chengdu 611731, China, Qin Q. , Zhou Q. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China, He L. L. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China, Zhu X. D. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China, Feng W. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China, Wang J. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
Published: March 2022

Anatase/rutile mixed crystal TiO2 nanomaterials were prepared by sol-gel method and modified by Sn/Cu single doping and co-doping. Sn doping promotes the transformation from anatase to rutile, while Cu doping inhibits the phase transformation. The inhibition effect of Cu doping on phase transition is stronger than that of Sn doping. Sn or Cu doping reduces the recombination rate, and co-doping produces a synergistic effect on the inhibition of recombination. The photocatalytic experiment results show that the photocatalytic activity of Sn-TiO2 is higher than that of pure TiO2 owing to higher quantum efficiency and light source absorption. The first order reaction rate constant increases from 0.00904 min-1 for pure TiO2 to 0.01476 min-1 for Sn-TiO2. Unexpected, the photocatalytic activities of Cu-TiO2 and Sn/Cu-TiO2 are lower than that of pure TiO2. Although Cu doping improves the quantum efficiency, it reduces the absorption of ultraviolet region significantly, which is the key reason for the decline of their photocatalytic performance.
C-peptide attenuates hyperglycemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting transglutaminase 2
Authors: Jeon Hye-Yoon , Lee Ah-Jun , Kim Eun-Bin , Kim Minsoo , Park Won Sun , Ha Kwon-Soo
Published: March 2022

Proinsulin C-peptide has a protective effect against diabetic complications; however, its role in hyperglycemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of C-peptide on hyperglycemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis and the molecular mechanism of C-peptide action in the lungs of diabetic mice and in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVECs). We found that, in the lungs of diabetic mice, C-peptide supplementation using osmotic pumps attenuated hyperglycemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis and expression of fibrosis-related proteins. In HPMVECs, C-peptide inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor-induced adherens junction disruption and endothelial cell permeability by inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation and transglutaminase (TGase) activation. In the lungs, C-peptide supplementation suppressed hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species generation, TGase activation, and microvascular leakage. C-peptide inhibited hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and apoptosis, which are involved in the pathological process of pulmonary fibrosis. We also demonstrated the role of TGase2 in hyperglycemia-induced vascular leakage, inflammation, apoptosis, and pulmonary fibrosis in the lungs of diabetic TGase2-null (Tgm2−/−) mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated a long-term inhibitory effect of systemic delivery of C-peptide using K9-C-peptide hydrogels on hyperglycemia-induced fibrosis in diabetic lungs. Overall, our findings suggest that C-peptide alleviates hyperglycemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGase2-mediated microvascular leakage, inflammation, and apoptosis in diabetes.
Exploring the Relationship between Self-Control and Healthy Eating: Do Self-Description as a Healthy Eater and Attached Importance to Healthy Eating Matter?
Authors: Paluckaitė Justina
Published: March 2022

As suggested by previous research, individuals with high self-control report greater autonomous motivation, and the Self-Determination Theory of autonomous motivation implies that exercising self-control should be less necessary, i.e., require lower levels for those having a self-schema in the relevant domain. Based on this, the present study explored whether the healthy eater self-schema status decreases (moderates) the effect of the trait self-control on the healthy eating behavior. In a cross-sectional design, a total of 149 people participated in this research. Results confirmed the role of the healthy eater self-schema status as a moderator. These findings highlighted the effect of the self-description as a healthy eater and one’s perceived importance of healthy eating in the exercising of trait self-control towards healthy food consumption. This study could also be helpful in tailoring future self-control interventions for individuals who have difficulties in exercising self-control toward healthy food consumption.
Where in the Village of Darovoye Was the Dostoevsky Estate?
Authors: Syrovatko Alexander
Published: March 2022

Darovoye Estate is the place where F. M. Dostoevsky spent his childhood (1832–1836). The article analyzes the results of excavations in the central part of the Darovoye estate carried out in 2005–2020. The dating of remnants of buildings, complexes (mainland pits), as well as the entire lens of the cultural layer as a whole is considered. Based on the collection, which includes coins, stamps on glass and porcelain objects, ceramics, objects made of non-ferrous metals and iron, the author concludes that there were two main periods of development of the estate within its modern borders. The first refers to the mid-18th — early 19th centuries, the second covers the second half of the 19th — first half of the 20th century. An analysis of the ceramics collection allowed us to identify the types of ceramics characteristic of the 1820s — 1830s. The author concludes that the time period between the Napoleonic Wars to the 1850s is not represented in the present collection and suggests that during the “Dostoevsky period” center of the estate was located outside the current museum borders.